bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cobalt-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydroalkylation of 1,1-Disubstituted Styrenes
Authors: Lu Xi , Li Yan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe metal hydride catalyzed alkene hydroalkylation enables efficient alkyl–alkyl coupling, yielding structurally diverse chiral organic compounds. However, the control of stereochemical selectivity in alkene hydroalkylation still heavily relies on the assistance of substrate Lewis basic functional groups or polar heteroatom functional groups. We have recently developed a cobalt hydride catalytic system and established a paradigm of enantioselective control assisted by C–H···π noncovalent interactions. This approach enables the asymmetric hydroalkylation of 1,1-disubstituted styrenes, thereby circumventing the limitations imposed by substrate heteroatom functional groups.1	Introduction2	Reaction Development3	Synthetic Applications4	Mechanistic Investigation5	Conclusion and Future Outlook
Methoxydioxasilepane: A Versatile and Stable Synthetic Precursor of Trimethoxysilane
Authors: Shimokawa Jun , Yorimitsu Hideki , Hitoshio Kenshiro , Morinaga Takuto , Sahashi Ryohei , Goshona Shinya , Yamagishi Hiroki , Saito Hayate 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study introduces aryl(methoxy)dioxasilepane as a versatile and stable precursor for aryl(trimethoxy)silanes. We conducted a quantitative assessment of the stability of this silicon moiety under acidic and basic conditions, demonstrating its superior stability compared to triethoxysilane, and methyl- or (trifluoroethoxy)dioxasilepanes. The synthetic utility of the methoxydioxasilepane unit was further elucidated through an examination of its orthogonality and selective functionalization capabilities. Notably, we developed an efficient method for the conversion of methoxydioxasilepane into trimethoxysilane. This method underscores the potential of a methoxydioxasilepane as a surrogate in multistep syntheses of silanetriols, which offer advantages in the development of silicon-based bioisosteres for medicinal chemistry applications.
Improving Diagnostic Yield and Accuracy of Stereotactic Biopsies through Changes in Practice and Techniques: An 8-Year Single-Center Comparative Study
Authors: Vijian Kugan , Lau Bik Liang , Kanesen Davendran , Lim Swee San , Ngian Donald L. , Wong Albert S. Hieng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background Stereotactic biopsies are used to aid neurosurgeons in clinching the diagnosis of intracranial lesions that are difficult to access surgically. A published study of stereotactic biopsies in our center demonstrated a diagnostic yield of only 76% for biopsies from the year 2014 to 2019. A set of criteria/prerequisites was applied to increase yield.
Objective The aim of the study was to identify the improvement in accuracy and yield after implementation of a set of criteria/prerequisites.
Materials and Methods This was a retrospective and prospective analysis of all patients who underwent stereotactic biopsies from the year 2014 to 2022. This study was conducted at Sarawak General Hospital, Malaysia. A set of stereotactic criteria/prerequisites was introduced since 2020, which include preoperative careful, meticulous trajectory planning and target selection, regular checking and maintenance of equipment, larger burr holes, and good sampling techniques.
Results A total of 83 patients underwent stereotactic biopsies from the year 2014 to 2022. Frameless and frame-based methods were used for 45 (54%) and 38 (46%) patients, respectively. The overall diagnostic yield of all biopsies was 84%. Fifty patients underwent stereotactic biopsies prior to implementation of good practice guidelines in 2020 with a positive histopathological yield and accuracy of 76 and 88%, respectively. Thirty-three biopsies done postimplementation demonstrated a yield and accuracy of 97% (p < 0.05). There was also a shift of preference toward frame-based methods after 2019, with 85% of these biopsies being frame based.
Conclusion This comparative study shows that adherence to specific stereotactic biopsy guidelines and techniques introduced in our center has successfully improved our biopsy yield and accuracy.
Arthroscopic Dorsal Round-Block Capsulo-Ligamentoplasty for Dynamic Scapholunate Instability: An Anatomical Study and Case Series
Authors: Goorens Chul Ki , Van Royen Kjell , Atzei Andrea 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background Chronic dynamic scapholunate (SL) instability remains difficult to treat. Several treatment options exist.
Purpose We propose an arthroscopic dorsal round-block capsulo-ligamentoplasty technique to treat dynamic scapholunate instability: a dorsal purse-string-like suture around the dorsal aspect of the proximal row, following the course of the dorsal intercarpal ligament (DICL). A Fiberwire suture travels between the radiocarpal and midcarpal space, piercing the attachments of the DICL on the triquetrum and of the scaphotrapezial ligament on the distal scaphoid. It reinforces the DICL and the dorso-capsuloscapholunate septum, also inducing a fibrotic healing. Moreover, it produces an extension lever correcting the scaphoid flexion/pronation. Compared with other capsulodesis techniques, the all-inside dorsal round-block capsulo-ligamentoplasty is theoretically likely to produce less stiffness, without additional damage to the SL complex. The wrist remains practically undamaged after surgery: no bone tunnels, bone anchors, or tendon grafts are required, thus enabling all possible secondary procedures. Data of a cadaveric study and case series illustrate the technique.
Conclusion The arthroscopic dorsal round-block capsulo-ligamentoplasty can be considered to treat chronic dynamic scapholunate instability.
Chronic diseases and their behavioural risk factors among South Asian immigrants in Australia
Authors: Nisar Mehwish , Kolbe-Alexander Tracy , Khan Asaduzzaman 
Published: September 2024

Objectives The prevalence of chronic diseases among immigrants varies across different ethnic groups attributed to the disparities in their risk factors. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and correlates of chronic diseases among the rapidly growing South Asian population in Australia. Methods An online survey was administered (2020–2021) among South Asian immigrants in Australia. Diagnosed chronic diseases, smoking habits, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and fruit and vegetable intake were assessed. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine factors associated with chronic disease. Results Overall, 50% of the study participants had one chronic disease and 39% had more than one chronic disease (n = 282). Back pain (30%), depression (22%), diabetes (21%), hypertension (19%), and heart disease (12%) were the most reported diseases. Approximately 78% of participants were insufficiently active and 38% regularly consumed alcohol. Approximately three-quarters consumed fruits and vegetables less than once per day. Multivariable analyses showed that those who were aged more than 50 years (OR = 4.38, 95% CI 1.66–11.56), consumed alcohol more than once/month (OR = 3.25, 95% CI 1.17–8.96), and ate less than one serving of vegetables/day (OR = 2.94, 95% CI 1.19–7.26) had higher odds of having two or more chronic diseases. Conclusions Fifty percent of study participants presented with preventable diseases, signifying a substantial health burden. Public health interventions should primarily focus on reducing alcohol intake and increasing fruit and vegetable consumption, particularly among individuals of advanced age, to reduce the overall burden on the healthcare system.
COOMET key comparison COOMET.PR-K1.a.2018 for spectral irradiance 250 nm to 2500 nmm, final report
Authors: Khlevnoy B B , Solodilov M V , Kolesnikova S S , Otryaskin D A , Korseko I V , Nikanenka S V , Huriev M V , Sametoğlu F 
Published: September 2024

Main text
This report describes the Key Comparison COOMET.R-K1.a.2018 for spectral irradiance in the wavelength range of 250 nm to 2500 nm, conducted by the Regional Metrology Organization "Euro-Asian Cooperation of National Metrological Institutions" (COOMET). The comparison was, in fact, a combination of three bilateral comparisons with the same link/pilot laboratory - the All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements (VNIIOFI), the Russian Federation. The non-link laboratories were the Belarusian State Institute of Metrology (BelGIM), Belarus, the National Scientific Centre "Institute of Metrology" (NSC IM), Ukraine, and the National Metrology Institute of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK UME), Türkiye.
The aim of the comparison was to link the BelGIM, NSC IM and TÜBİTAK UME measurement results to the CIPM key comparison CCPR-K1.a.2017, conducted by the Consultative Committee for Photometry and Radiometry (CCPR).
Tungsten quartz halogen lamps of the FEL type (1000 W) were used as artefacts. Each participant used its own set of lamps. The sequence of measurements was participant - pilot - participant. The pilot measurements of the described here COOMET comparison were performed in a short time (within three months) after completing the measurements of CCPR-K1.a.2017, where VNIIOFI also was a pilot, which provided a high quality link.
NSC IM performed measurements in the full spectral range, from 250 nm to 2500 nm, while BelGIM and TÜBİTAK UME managed to cover the range from 250 nm to 1100 nm only.
The analysis of the comparison was performed following the approach described in the Appendix A of the Guidelines for CCPR and RMO Bilateral Key Comparisons (CCPR-G5). Differences from KCRV of BelGIM and TÜBİTAK UME, for the most of the measured wavelengths, do not exceed 2% and are within the expanded uncertainties. For NSC IM the differences from KCRV are within or comparable with the uncertainties in the IR range, from 900 nm to 2500 nm, but become larger with decreasing wavelength in the visible and UV reaching 9% at 250 nm.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCPR, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report, ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, ozone at ambient level, comparison with VSL, April 2024
Authors: Viallon Joële , Idrees Faraz , Moussay Philippe , Wielgosz Robert , Meijer Luuk , Veen Adriaan van der 
Published: September 2024

Main text
As part of the ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, a comparison has been performed between the ozone standard of the Netherlands maintained by the Van Swinden Laboratorium (VSL) and the common reference standard of the key comparison, maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The instruments have been compared over a nominal ozone amount fraction range of 0 nmol mol−1 to 500 nmol mol−1.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Spatially-homogeneous cosmologies
Authors: Antonio Sáez Juan , Mengual Salvador , Josep Ferrando Joan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe necessary and sufficient conditions for a perfect fluid solution to define a spatially-homogeneous cosmology are achieved. These conditions are Intrinsic, Deductive, Explicit and ALgorithmic, and they offer an IDEAL labeling of these geometries. When a three-dimensional group acts on the three-dimensional space-like orbits, the Bianchi type of the model is also obtained.
Extension of the characterization of non-Gaussianity in gravitational wave detectors with a statistical hypothesis test
Authors: Yamamura Shunsei , Yuzurihara Hirotaka , Yamamoto Takahiro , Uchiyama Takashi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In gravitational wave (GW) astronomy, non-Gaussian noise, such as scattered light noise disturbs stable interferometer operation, limiting the interferometer’s sensitivity, and reducing the reliability of the analyses. In scattered light noise, the non-Gaussian noise dominates the sensitivity in a low frequency range of less than a few hundred Hz, which is sensitive to GWs from compact binary coalescence. This non-Gaussian noise prevents reliable parameter estimation, since several analysis methods are optimized only for Gaussian noise. Therefore, identifying data contaminated by non-Gaussian noise is important. In this work, we extended the conventional method to evaluate non-Gaussian noise, the Rayleigh statistic, by using a statistical hypothesis test to determine a threshold for non-Gaussian noise. First, we estimated the distribution of the Rayleigh statistic against Gaussian noise, called the background distribution, and validated that our extension serves as the hypothetical test. The threshold on the Rayleigh statistic is estimated at 0.73 and 1.28 when the significance level is 0.05, and the sample size is 39. Moreover, we investigated the detection efficiency by assuming two non-Gaussian noise models. For example, for the model with strong scattered light noise, the true positive rate (TPR) was always above 0.7 when the significance level was 0.05. For the demonstration, we applied our extension with the estimated thresholds to the real data. We confirmed our extension provides the binarized outputs of the statistical tests and contributes to finding the non-Gaussian noise in the real data. The results showed that our extension can contribute to an initial detection of non-Gaussian noise and lead to further investigation of the origin of the non-Gaussian noise.
Chemo-elasto-electro free energy of non-uniform system in the diffuse interface context
Authors: Cai Yuhan , Wang Fei , Zhang Haodong , Nestler Britta 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the present work, we propose an alternative approach for deriving the free energy formulation of a non-uniform system. Compared with the work of Cahn and Hilliard (1958 J. Chem. Phys.
28 258–67), our approach provides a more comprehensive explanation for the individual energy contribution in a non-uniform system, including entropy, interaction energy, and internal energy. By employing a fundamental mathematical calculus, we reformulate the local composition within the interface region. Utilizing the reformulated local composition as well as classic thermodynamic principles, we establish formal expressions for entropy, interaction energy, and the internal energy, which are functions of both composition and composition gradients. We obtain a comprehensive free energy expression for a non-uniform system by integrating these energy density formulations. The obtained free energy expression is consistent with the formula type of Cahn and Hilliard and prodives more deeper physical interpretation. Moreover, using the same approach, we derive formulations for elastic energy and electric potential energy in a non-uniform system. However, the proposed approach encounters a limitation in the special case of a non-uniform fluid contacting a solid substrate. Due to the significant difference in the length scales between the solid–fluid and fluid–fluid interfaces, the wall free energy formulation based on the aforementioned concept is unsuitable for this multi-scale system. To address this limitation, we reformulate the wall free energy as a function of the average composition over the solid–fluid interface. Additionally, the previous derivation relies on an artificial treatment of describing the composition variation across the interface by a smooth monotone function, while the true nature of this variation remains unclear. By utilizing the concept of average composition, we circumvent the open question of how the composition varies across the interface region. Our work provides a thorough understanding for the construction of free energy formulations for a non-uniform system in condensed matter physics.
Super-resolved fluorescence imaging utilising accessible stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (easySTORM) implemented on a low-cost, modular open-source (openFrame) microscope
Authors: Bharadwaj Anupam , Kumar Amalesh , Kalita Ranjan , MITRA RUMELA , Sharma Amit , Jaganathan Bithiah Grace , Bhattacharyya Jina , Sarma Anupam , Garcia Edwin , Boruah Bosanta Ranjan , Kumar Sunil , Lightley Jonathon , Alexandrov Yuriy , Dunsby Christopher , Neil Mark , French Paul M W 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Optical super-resolution microscope is a powerful tool for the life sciences, including cell biology and pathology yielding information on, e.g., biological structure and protein distribution in the nano-scale range. In recent years, there has been an exponential rise in the interest to apply super-resolution microscopes in diverse areas, but its wider utility is hindered by the cost of purchasing and maintaining super-resolved microscopes. In this paper we present the implementation of easySTORM, an accessible implementation of stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) at Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), India, in a flexible, user friendly and cost-effective manner using a state-of-the-art, modular, open-source, optical microscope platform called: "openFrame". Providing comparable imaging performance to commercial optical super-resolution microscopes, the openFrame-based implementation of easySTORM uses in-expensive multimode diode lasers and industry grade CMOS cameras, and the open-source and modular nature of the instrument makes it easy to maintain and to upgrade. To demonstrate its successful implementation at IITG, we image quantum dots and actin-tubulin structure in both normal and cancer cells, resolved features separated by a few tens of nanometers. This work demonstrates that openFrame-enabled easySTORM instrumentation can be widely accessible to provide affordable, research grade super-resolution microscopy capability for academic and medical research.&#xD;
Efficient and low-drift point-cloud mapping method for GNSS weak and obstructed areas
Authors: Tu Zhiyong , Song Weiwei , Lou Yidong , Wen Jingren 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Road modelling based on point-cloud data often encounters signal-rejection areas, where the absence of absolute position constraints leads to rapid error accumulation in the constructed map. Mitigating error growth requires manual setting of control points, which compromises automation in the mapping process and causes a challenging trade-off between efficiency and accuracy. To address these issues, in the present study, we designed a fast and efficient map-construction method that provides absolute pose constraints for simultaneous localisation and mapping based on the bidirectional filter position of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS)/inertial measurement unit integrated navigation. First, we designed an absolute position constraint factor (BF_Factor) updated at each epoch according to the reference-position difference and time-delay error, which can significantly mitigate error divergence during mobile mapping in a GNSS-rejected region. An adaptive noise model was then constructed for the above factors so that the weights of different factors could be adjusted automatically to achieve a more accurate mapping result. Finally, we conducted experimental tests on the proposed mapping approach in two scenarios that included multiple GNSS-rejected areas. Even when several hundred metres of GNSS signal-obstructed areas were present in the scene, the relocation results indicated that the three-dimensional position error obtained using point-cloud maps was <0.15 m and the pitch/roll error was better than 2°. Compared with Fastlio2 and Fastlio2 with Scan Context, the proposed method had a better mapping effect and higher mapping accuracy in the aforementioned scenarios. The method proposed in this paper can reduce the human labour cost in traditional modelling and can provide more rapid and accurate map for related industry applications.
UAV swarm path planning approach based on integration of multi-population strategy and adaptive evolutionary optimizer
Authors: Wang Chuanyun , Hu Anqi , Gao Qian , Liu Qiong , Wang Tian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Addressing the optimal path planning problem encountered by swarm of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in three-dimensional space under multiple constraints, the Multi-population Adaptive Cuckoo Search and Grey Wolf Optimizer (MACSGWO) integrates Multi-Population (MP) strategies and adaptive evolutionary optimizer including the enhanced Adaptive Grey Wolf Optimizer (AGWO) and adaptive Cuckoo search (ACS). The optimizer strategically divides the initial population into multiple sub-groups, enabling each sub-group to independently iterate. During the iteration process, the algorithm adaptively adjusts parameters based on the optimal fitness values obtained by each sub-group after each iteration. The iteration cycle is divided into two stages: during the global exploration phase, each sub-group autonomously executes AGWO and periodically shares the fitness information of the Alpha wolf with other sub-groups, accelerating convergence. In the subsequent local optimization phase, MACSGWO dynamically decides whether to initiate ACS based on the disparity in the best fitness of each sub-group after each iteration, assisting the algorithm in escaping local optima. In experiments involving various complex benchmark functions and swarm path planning scenarios, MACSGWO demonstrated significant superiority in solution stability, convergence speed, and optimal convergence value compared to multiple existing variant algorithms. The integration of MACSGWO with the best relay UAV selection strategy further optimized the communication efficiency within the swarm. MACSGWO ensures the efficient resolution of UAV swarm path planning problems, providing robust support for optimization challenges in complex, multi-constraint scenarios.
Modified central frequency mode decomposition for the fault diagnosis of rotating machinery
Authors: Zhang Wanliang , Jiang Xingxing , Sima Can , Song Qiuyu , Meng Tao , Zhu Zhongkui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Central frequency mode decomposition (CFMD) is a promising tool for complex mechanical signal processing. Some characteristics of CFMD are disclosed by performing a detailed discussion on its decomposing theory in this study. As a result, three deficiencies of CFMD are found through the characteristic analysis, including the low accuracies of detected central frequencies (CFs), the filters with too wide bandwidth, and the excessive number of the decomposed modes. To address these issues, a modified CFMD (MCFMD) method is proposed for enhancing its performance of fault diagnosis. First, an exchange weighting function is defined to improve the accuracies of detected CFs. Then, the combination of the detected CFs and the separating information of modes is used to optimize the structures of filters for excluding the interferential information as much as possible. Furthermore, the number of the decomposed modes are compressed based the properties of the fault-related modes to facilitate the implementation of the diagnosis tasks. Lastly, a product envelope spectrum is introduced for further enabling the fault characteristic frequency in the fault-related modes to be more prominent while suppressing other noises. Analysis results verified the effectiveness of the MCFMD and its superiority over some existing advanced methods in the fault diagnosis of rotating machinery.