bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐dimensional echocardiographic right heart ratios for assessment of right heart size in dogs: Reference intervals and reproducibility
Authors: Sankisov Jacqueline N. , Visser Lance C. , Davis Kate E. , Boon June A. , Ross Evan S. , Laws Abigail C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundReference intervals for simple body weight‐independent measurements of right heart size and function are limited.ObjectivesGenerate reference intervals for measurements of right heart size indexed to the long‐axis aortic valve diameter (AoD) or corresponding left heart structure (right heart ratios) and describe the reproducibility of these indices.AnimalsNinety healthy adult dogs of variable body weight.MethodsProspective study. All dogs underwent an echocardiogram performed by the same operator. Numerous linear 2‐dimensional measurements of right heart size and function from different imaging planes were performed. Eight dogs underwent repeated echocardiograms by the same operator on 3 different days, and 3 different operators performed repeated echocardiograms on the same day. Reference intervals were generated using the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute method. Reproducibility was quantitated using coefficients of variation (CVs) and reproducibility coefficients.ResultsReference intervals for right heart ratios were generated and allow simple assessments of right heart size and function that do not require a scaling exponent or body weight table. Right heart ratios did not show clinically relevant associations with body weight. All CVs were <22.6%. In general, CVs for right heart measurements indexed to AoD were lower compared with right heart measurements indexed to the corresponding left heart structure.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceReference intervals for simple body weight‐independent right heart ratios are available to help detect abnormalities of right heart size and function. Reproducibility coefficients might be useful to help identify meaningful changes in right heart size during serial evaluations.
Representative bureaucracy in property assessment appeals administration: A group level analysis
Authors: Bishu Sebawit G. , Propheter Geoffrey 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe explore the effects of gender representation between a small group of professionalized bureaucrats, assessment appeals boards, and a small group of residents and homeowners. Appeals boards have the discretion to reduce property assessments, thereby reducing one's property taxes. Housing is a gendered issue, with females experiencing slower wealth accumulation than males. Property taxes are a housing cost and, thus, a barrier to wealth accumulation. Using appeals data over 19 years in Colorado, we find that an appellant with at least one female owner before a gender parity board has a higher chance of an appeal being upheld than if the case were heard by either majority male or majority female boards. The findings suggest that in a group decision‐making setting, the benefits of gender representation depend on panel gender makeup.
The Negative Impact of Prolonged Desiccation on the Recovery of Selaginella bryopteris: Insights Into Autophagy and Cellular Protection Strategies
Authors: Jose Jismon , Amiben Lakhani , Girish B. P. , Sen Kakali , Prasad T. N. V. K. V. , Roy Sujit , Roy Choudhury Swarup 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDesiccation tolerance is a complex biological phenomenon that allows certain plants to survive extreme dehydration and revive upon rehydration. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in desiccation tolerance, recovery mechanisms after prolonged desiccation periods are enigmatic. Combining physiological, biochemical, transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches, we investigated the role of prolonged desiccation on recovery of Selaginella bryopteris. Prolonged desiccation causes a decline in the antioxidant system, leading to accumulation of ROS that hinder recovery by inducing cellular damage. Transcriptome and WGCNA analysis revealed the significance of protective proteins, alternative respiration and protein homeostasis in cellular protection and recovery after short and long‐term desiccation. Metabolomic analysis exhibited an increased accumulation of antioxidant compounds, which can be substituted for antioxidant enzymes to maintain cellular protection during prolonged desiccation. The significant role of autophagy and autophagic components was evaluated by H2O2 treatment and phylogenetic analysis of ATG4 and ATG8, which unveiled their substantial role in desiccation tolerance and remarkable conservation of the autophagy‐related genes across plant species. Our data demonstrated that prolonged desiccation leads to ROS‐induced cell death by extensive autophagy due to enormous loss of protective proteins, antioxidant enzymes and energy resources during desiccation.
How to Cope With Stress in the Desert—The Date Palm Approach
Authors: Du Baoguo , Franzisky Bastian Leander , Muhammad Waqas , Alfarraj Saleh , Geilfus Christoph‐Martin , Rennenberg Heinz 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIncreasing desertification constitutes a global environmental problem, mainly driven by climate change and inappropriate land‐use that limits agriculture, forestry and human colonization. The selection of suitable plant species to mitigate desertification is particularly challenging, as it usually requires simultaneous counteraction against a whole set of unfavourable environmental conditions, including heat, drought, high tropospheric ozone and salinity. It therefore seems useful to identify the survival strategies of plants native in desert environments. Date palm constitutes a plant species native in desert environments and cultivated worldwide in arid regions that have been studied intensively for stress defence during the last decade. The present review summarizes the current state of biochemical stress defence mechanisms including avoidance, osmotic and metabolic adjustments and reactive oxygen species scavenging, addresses whole‐plant regulations and trade‐off between stress compensation/defence and growth of date palms. The review advances our knowledge about how this typical desert species copes with both individual and multiple environmental stresses at the cellular to the whole‐plant level, and identifies areas of future research required to fully understand the strategies of this plant species to survive in the desert, thereby contributing to efforts for the mitigation of climate change and desertification.
Does Mobile Payment Raise the Poverty‐Alleviation Resilience of Chinese Households?
Authors: Hu Lian , Ji Luhan , Zhu Ting , Yang Chengyu , Wang Dianshuang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTConsidering the complex environment facing the future poverty reduction process in China, and it is increasingly urgent to shift the conversation from the poverty vulnerability to poverty‐alleviation resilience of households. Coinciding with poverty‐alleviation progress, mobile payment has experienced explosive growth, resulting in significant and far‐reaching influences on production and lifestyle. This study constructs a theoretical framework to analyze the impact of mobile payment on poverty‐alleviation resilience (splitting into poverty‐eradication resilience and development resilience). Meanwhile, the impact is empirically investigated using the China Household Finance Survey for 2017 and 2019. The findings reveal that, first, mobile payment significantly increases both poverty‐eradication resilience and development resilience. According to the quantile regression results, mobile payment has a larger contribution to households with a lower poverty‐alleviation resilience, with the contribution diminishing as poverty‐alleviation resilience improves; second, mobile payment significantly increases poverty‐alleviation resilience by increasing self‐insurance capacity and participation in commercial insurance (ex ante), alleviating financial exclusion (ex interim), and promoting entrepreneurship and improving entrepreneurial performance (ex post); and third, social trust significantly improves the effect of mobile payment on poverty‐alleviation resilience, whereas the age of the household head has the reverse effect. Since risk and shocks play a more pronounced role in the persistence of poverty, our research helps to understand poverty alleviation and offers insights into how to eradicate poverty in all its forms and dimensions, thus realizing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Simulation of Ground Power Unit-3 Stirling Engine With Air as Working Fluid
Authors: Singh Vaibhav , Kumar Anil 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The immediate need to mitigate climate change presents a chance to move civilization in the direction of a more sustainable future. A Stirling engine has multifuel capabilities such as biomass, solar thermal, and waste heat and hence can contribute significantly to the energy mix of fuel sources. The most common working fluids for Stirling engines are hydrogen, helium, and air, with air being the least expensive and safest. Studies analyzing Stirling engine performance with 3D CFD are limited, and even fewer use air as the working fluid. This research presents a novel 3D CFD analysis of the Ground Power Unit-3 (GPU-3) Stirling engine with air as the working fluid using ansys fluent. The fluid domain was modeled in SolidWorks and one-eighth of the geometry was used for simulation with realizable enhanced wall treatment (EWT) k–ε as an eddy viscosity model. On average, there was a reduction in power output by 50% when air was used as working fluid against helium as working fluid. Engine's power output decreases as the engine's speed increases. The impinging effect contributes to vortex formation and temperature variation within the engine components was nonsinusoidal, this is in line with similar studies performed on GPU-3 Stirling engine.
Does He Make a Difference? Analyzing the Role of Men Athletes in the Framing of Elite Women CrossFit Athletes in Sportswear Retailers’ Marketing Materials
Authors: Gibson Alexandra , Geurin Andrea N. 
Published: October 2024

This study examined the role of men athletes in framing women athletes in marketing images, and CrossFit was used as the sport-specific context. The purpose was to understand how consumers perceive women athletes, whether the presence of men athletes influences these perceptions, and if consumers perceive women athletes to be represented more accurately when pictured alone or with male counterparts. Using a mixed-methods approach involving both quantitative and qualitative analysis, questionnaires (n = 389) and interviews (n = 19) were utilized to gather participants’ perceptions on videos featuring all women CrossFit athletes and/or those with men and women CrossFit athletes. Results showed that consumers’ perceptions began to shift when looking at their athletic competence, although a focus on appearance remained. While the results of the questionnaires revealed no clear correlation between the presence of men athletes and the perception of women athletes, the interviews suggested a relationship, highlighting the complex role that male athletes play. Overall, the study indicates that consumers perceive women athletes to be framed more accurately when pictured alone and offers valuable insights into how men athletes affect consumers’ perceptions of women athletes.
Countermovement Jump and Isometric Strength Test–Retest Reliability in English Premier League Academy Football Players
Authors: Springham Matthew , Singh Nav , Stewart Perry , Matthews Jordan , Jones Ian , Norton-Sherwood Charlie , May Dominic , Salter Jamie , Strudwick Anthony J. , Shaw Joseph W. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To examine the test–retest reliability of countermovement jump (CMJ) and isometric strength testing measures in elite-level under-18 and under-23 academy football players. Methods: A total of 36 players performed 3 maximal CMJs and isometric abductor (IABS), adductor (IADS), and posterior chain (IPCS) strength tests on 2 separate test days using dual force plates (CMJ and IPCS) and a portable strength testing device (IABS and IADS). Relative (intraclass correlation coefficient) and absolute (coefficient of variation, standard error of the measurement, and minimal detectable change [MDC%]) reliabilities for 34 CMJ, 10 IABS, 10 IADS, and 11 IPCS measures were analyzed using between-sessions best, mean, and within-session methods. Results: For all methods, relative reliability was good to excellent for all CMJ and all IADS measures and poor to good for all IABS and IPCS measures. Absolute reliability was good (ie, coefficient of variation < 10%) for 27 (best) and 28 (mean) CMJ variables and for 6 (IABS and IADS) and 2 (IPCS) isometric measures. Commonly used CMJ measures (jump height, eccentric duration, and flight-time:contraction-time ratio) had good to excellent relative reliability and an MDC% range of 14.6% to 23.7%. Likewise, commonly used isometric peak force measures for IABS, IADS, and IPCS had good to excellent relative reliability and an MDC% range of 22.2% to 26.4%. Conclusions: Commonly used CMJ and isometric strength measures had good test–retest reliability but might be limited by their MDC%. Rate-of-force-development measures (for all isometric tests) and impulse measures (IPCS) are limited by poor relative and absolute reliability and high MDC%. MDC% statistics should be considered in the context of typical responsiveness.
Baseline characteristics associated with the first year treatment interval of intravitreal faricimab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD)
Authors: Shah Parth , Rafijah Neala , Tang Yannan , Sivaprasad Sobha , Mathis Thibaud , Margaron Philippe , Kotecha Aachal 
Published: October 2024

AimsTo identify baseline characteristics that best correlate to treatment interval for naive neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients treated with faricimab in the first year (Y1) of the TENAYA and LUCERNE phase 3 trials, and to further understand how these characteristics may impact treatment intervals.MethodsThis post-hoc analysis of Y1 data from the TENAYA and LUCERNE trials evaluated ocular baseline characteristics associated with Y1 treatment intervals. Patients were categorised into three subgroups based on their Y1 treatment interval: Q16W, Q12W or Q8W. Baseline characteristics (central subfield thickness (CST), best-corrected visual acuity, presence of subretinal fluid in centre 1 mm, presence of retinal fluid in centre 1 mm, macular neovascularisation (MNV) location and MNV type) were inputted into an R package ‘rpart’ to create a classification tree model. A data-driven tree model based on CST was fitted, producing CST subgroups of low, middle and high ranges. Within each CST subgroup, the model identified the most impactful variables and associated thresholds.ResultsAfter fitting the data to produce data-driven CST ranges, the model chose MNV location, followed by MNV lesion type as the most impactful baseline characteristics with these factors having a p value <0.05 in a multivariate analysis.ConclusionsAmong the selected ocular baseline characteristics from TENAYA and LUCERNE trial, CST, MNV type and MNV location were seen as the most relevant variables to enable extension of treatment intervals during Y1. While this analysis provides insights for treatment intervals during the first year, further analysis incorporating Y2 data from the TENAYA and LUCERNE studies will be needed to assess factors influencing treatment intervals over a longer period.
Feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of neonatal anthropometric measurements in identifying low birthweight and preterm infants in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Belay Fitsum Weldegebriel , Fikre Rekiku , Alemayehu Akalewold , Clarke Andrew , Williams Sarah , Richards Hannah , Kassa Yohannes Chanyalew , Bekele Fanuel Belayneh 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundComplications of prematurity are the leading cause of under-5 mortality globally and 80% of newborn deaths are of low birth weight (LBW) babies. Early identification of LBW and preterm infants is crucial to initiate timely interventions.ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of alternative neonatal anthropometric measurements in identifying LBW and preterm infants in Africa.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of infant foot length, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), head and chest circumferences against birth weight and gestational age. Pooled correlation between the index and the reference methods was estimated. Multiple anthropometric thresholds were considered in estimating the pooled sensitivity, specificity and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).Results21 studies from 8 African countries met the inclusion criteria. Correlation coefficients with birth weight were 0.79 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.85) for chest circumference, 0.71 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.78) for MUAC and 0.66 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.73) for foot length. Foot length measured by rigid ruler showed a higher correlation than tape measurement. Chest circumference with 28.8 cm cut-off detects LBW babies with AUC value of 0.92 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.97). Foot length identified preterm infants, with 82% sensitivity, 89% specificity and AUC of 0.91 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.98) at a 7.2 cm optimal cut-off point. MUAC had an AUC of 0.83 (95% CI 0.47 to 0.95) for preterm detection. In identifying LBW babies, foot length and MUAC have AUC values of 0.89 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.96) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.97) at 7.3 cm and 9.8 cm optimal cut-off points, respectively. Foot length and MUAC are relatively simple and minimise the risk of exposing infants to cold.ConclusionNewborn foot length, MUAC, head and chest circumferences have comparable diagnostic accuracy in identifying LBW and preterm babies. Using foot length and MUAC in low-resource settings are the most feasible proxy measures for screening where weighing scales are not available.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023454497.
Breit interaction in dielectronic recombination of hydrogenlike xenon ions: storage-ring experiment and theory
Authors: Wang Shu-Xing , Brandau Carsten , Fritzsche Stephan , Fuchs Sebastian , Harman Zoltán , Kozhuharov Christophor , Müller Alfred , Steck Markus , Schippers Stefan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Electron-ion collision spectroscopy of the KLL dielectronic recombination (DR) resonances of hydrogenlike xenon ions was performed at a heavy-ion storage ring with a resolving power that is competitive with x-ray spectroscopy of inner-shell transitions in highly charged ions. The $$KL_{1/2}L_{1/2}$$

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, $$KL_{1/2}L_{3/2}$$

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, and $$KL_{3/2}L_{3/2}$$

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resonance groups and even parts of their fine structure are individually resolved. The resonance strengths were measured on an absolute scale and compared with results from multi-configuration Dirac–Fock (MCDF) calculations. These are in excellent agreement with the experimental findings when QED effects on the resonance energies and the Breit interaction are considered. As already found for DR of hydrogenlike uranium (Bernhardt et al. in Phys Rev A 83:020701(R), 2011), this interaction is particularly strong for the $$KL_{1/2}L_{1/2}$$

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resonance group. For U$$^{91+}$$

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, it increases the $$KL_{1/2}L_{1/2}$$

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DR resonance strength by 40%. For Xe$$^{53+}$$

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, the increase is found to amount to 25%, confirming the prediction that the influence of the Breit interaction grows with increasing nuclear charge. A comprehensive appendix treats the derivation of experimental and theoretical merged-beams recombination rate coefficients for interacting beams of relativistic electrons and ions.

Graphical abstract
Association of Physical Activity and Physical Education With Overweight and Obesity Among School‐Aged Children and Adolescents in Pakistan: An Empirical Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Tanveer Moazzam , Asghar Ejaz , Badicu Georgian , Roy Nadeem , Siener Maximilian , Tanveer Umar , Al-Mhanna Sameer Badri , Batrakoulis Alexios 
Published: October 2024

Background: Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents are pressing global public health concerns, including in Pakistan, where prevalence rates are rising. The long‐term health implications of these conditions underscore the need for targeted interventions during childhood and adolescence and periods when health behaviors are strongly influenced by external factors such as school, neighborhood, peers, and family.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between physical activity (PA), physical education (PE), and overweight/obesity in school‐aged children and adolescents (ages 9–17) in Pakistan and to investigate their impact on obesity within this population.Methods: A population‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted with a multistage random cluster sample of 4108 school‐aged children and adolescents from seven districts in Punjab, Pakistan. Overweight and obesity were assessed using World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Statistical analyses, including χ2 tests, Pearson correlation, linear regression, and logistic regression, were performed to examine the predictive characteristics and the impact of covariates on dichotomous outcomes. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: The study included 4108 students (mean age = 13.92 years, 59.3% boys). The prevalence of obesity was 10.7% and overweight was 19.4%. A significant portion of students—83.8% of girls and 70.0% of boys—did not engage in at least 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on more than 2 days per week. Urban students (79.2%) and those in private schools (79.3%) were particularly inactive. PA two times a week or less was strongly associated with higher obesity risk (OR: 3.47, 95% CI: 2.28–5.30, p < 0.001).Conclusion: This study underscores the critical need to enhance PA opportunities in schools and communities in Pakistan, particularly for girls, to address the rising rates of overweight and obesity.
Construction and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Colon Adenocarcinoma Prognosis Based on 11 Depression‐Related Genes
Authors: Yuan Yunchuan , Xia Lili , Wu Xintong , Yang Hongjing , Dou Lu 
Published: October 2024

Background: The influences of depression on cancer have noticeably attracted scholars’ attention. This study is aimed at exploring the relationships between depression and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD).Methods: Differentially expressed genes in COAD were overlapped with depression‐related genes (DRGs) to obtain COAD‐DRGs. A risk model was constructed to predict overall survival (OS) using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. GSE39582 dataset was utilized to validate the model. A nomogram was developed utilizing the clinical data.Results: A risk model containing 11 genes was constructed. The results of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the model could well predict the OS. In the high‐risk group, the infiltration levels of plasma cells, resting/activated memory CD4 T cells, and monocytes were reduced, and only the infiltration levels of CD8 T cells and regulatory T cells were elevated. Cox regression analysis indicated that the risk score emerged as an independent prognostic factor. Finally, a nomogram of comprehensive risk score, age, and pM stage was established, and the predictions of this model aligned well with the actual OS data.Conclusion: A COAD risk prediction model was successfully constructed utilizing 11 DRGs. This model assists in implementing more effective treatment and care strategies, enhancing the clinical outcomes for COAD.