bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and patient-reported outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving aumolertinib as first-line therapy: a real-world study
Authors: Li Hongxin , Zhao Wen , Chang Caiyun , Xuan Tiantian , Wang Chengjun , Zhang Rongyu , Yang Chuang , Wang Jian , Yi Cuihua , Wang Xiuwen , Yu Shuwen , Li Jisheng 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundAumolertinib demonstrated superior progression-free survival (PFS) and a well-tolerated toxicity profile compared to gefitinib in front-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the AENEAS trial. However, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of aumolertinib have not been published.MethodsIn this real-world study, the efficacy was evaluated by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.0. PROs were evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (QLQ-C30) and the EORTC Quality of Life lung cancer-specific module (QLQ-LC13) in advanced NSCLC patients receiving aumolertinib as initial therapy. Pre-specified key symptoms were cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, sore mouth or tongue, dysphagia, hair loss, tingling in hands or feet, chest pain, arm or shoulder pain, and pain at other sites.ResultsA total of 33 patients were included, 23 of whom had efficacy information up to January 2024. The median follow-up time was 264 days (interval: 36–491 days). The objective response rate and disease control rate were 65.2% and 91.3%, respectively. The EORTC QLQ-LC30 general health status scale showed that functional scales increased and symptom scales decreased during aumolertinib treatment. Symptom scales assessed by the EORTC QLQ-LC13 showed that improvements in cough, sore mouth or tongue, tingling in hands or feet, chest pain, arm or shoulder pain, and other pain sites were both clinically and statistically significant after 6 months of aumolertinib treatment (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionIn this real-world study, aumolertinib showed comparable disease control and objective response rates as reported in the AENEAS trial for advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR-sensitizing mutations. Aumolertinib treatment improved PROs, further supporting it in first-line clinical practice.
Effect of N-acetylcysteine on craving in substance use disorders (SUD): a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Cuocina Micol , Aiello Giuseppe , Cutrufelli Pierfelice , Rampello Martina , Rapisarda Laura , Rodolico Alessandro , Cantarella Giuseppina , Signorelli Maria Salvina , Bernardini Renato 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundN-acetyl cysteine (NAC) appears promising as a treatment in patients with substance use disorder (SUD) as it helps rebalance glutamate levels in the central nervous system (CNS). Basal concentrations of glutamate are indeed reduced in SUD patients but increased during craving.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We assessed whether NAC reduce craving rating as compared to a placebo in SUD patients. Secondary outcomes were withdrawal symptoms (WS), side effects (SE) and drop-outs. Estimates are presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsEleven RCTs were included. NAC reduced craving rating (SMD -0.61 (−1.17, −0.06), p = 0.03, I2 = 85%), with no differences in the subgroup analysis according to the drug addiction (alcohol, cocaine, poly-drugs, amphetamine, nicotine) (p = 0.98). Among the secondary outcomes, for WS data showed no significant difference between groups (SMD -0.18 (−0.43, 0.08), p = 0.17); for SE no substantial difference was observed between the two treatment groups (RR = 1.06 (0.89–1.27), p = 0.52, I2 = 0%); for dropouts the results are in favor of the placebo but no statistically significant (RR 1.17 (0.85, 1.61), p = 0.34; I2 = 0%).ConclusionNAC seem to reduce craving rating in SUD patients, but evidence is weak. More studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Glomerular injury induced by vinyl carbamate in A/J inbred mice: a novel model of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Authors: Gong Athena Y. , Qiao Ying Jin , Chen Mengxuan , Alam Zubia , Malhotra Deepak K. , Dworkin Lance , Ju Wenjun , Gunning William T. 
Published: September 2024

Ethyl carbamate (EC) is a process contaminant found in fermented foods and alcoholic beverages. Metabolic conversion of ethyl carbamate generates vinyl carbamate (VC), a carcinogenic metabolite. EC, as a Group 2A probable human carcinogen, and the more potent VC, are known to cause tumors in rodents. However, their effects on the kidney are unknown and were explored here. Female A/J inbred mice received an intraperitoneal injection of vehicle or VC. Beginning 5 weeks after VC injection, mice showed signs of moribund state. Mouse necropsies revealed renal glomerular injury that histopathologically recapitulated human membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), as evidenced by light microscopy, immunostaining for immunoglobulins and complements, and electron microscopy. To determine the molecular pathomechanisms, a post-hoc analysis was performed on a publicly available RNA-Seq transcriptome of kidneys from control rats and rats treated with fermented wine containing high concentrations of EC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the differentially expressed genes revealed that the complement and coagulation cascades were a top predicted biological process involved. Furthermore, pathway-based data integration and visualization revealed that key regulators of complement activation were altered by high EC treatment. Among these, complement factors (CF) D and H, critical positive and negative regulators of the alternative pathway, respectively, were most affected, with CFD induced by 3.49-fold and CFH repressed by 5.9-fold, underscoring a hyperactive alternative pathway. Consistently, exposure of primary glomerular endothelial cells to EC or VC resulted in induction of CFD and repression of CFH, accompanied by increased fixation of C3 and C5b9. This effect seems to be mediated by Ras, one of the top genes that interact with both EC and VC, as identified by analyzing the chemical-gene/protein interactions database. Indeed, EC or VC-elicited complement activation was associated with activation of Ras signaling, but was abolished by the Ras inhibitor farnesyl thiosalicylic acid. Collectively, our findings suggest that VC, a metabolite of EC, induces glomerular injury in mice akin to human MPGN, possibly via perturbing the expression of complement regulators, resulting in an effect that favors activation of the alternative complement pathway.
Spatio-temporal mapping of leaf area index in rice: spectral indices and multi-scale texture comparison derived from different sensors
Authors: Li Changming , Teng Xing , Tan Yong , Zhang Yong , Zhang Hongchen , Xiao Dan , Luo Shanjun 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionMonitoring the leaf area index (LAI), which is directly related to the growth status of rice, helps to optimize and meet the crop’s fertilizer requirements for achieving high quality, high yield, and environmental sustainability. The remote sensing technology of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has great potential in precision monitoring applications in agriculture due to its efficient, nondestructive, and rapid characteristics. The spectral information currently widely used is susceptible to the influence of factors such as soil background and canopy structure, leading to low accuracy in estimating the LAI in rice.MethodsIn this paper, the RGB and multispectral images of the critical period were acquired through rice field experiments. Based on the remote sensing images above, the spectral indices and texture information of the rice canopy were extracted. Furthermore, the texture information of various images at multiple scales was acquired through resampling, which was utilized to assess the estimation capacity of LAI.Results and discussionThe results showed that the spectral indices (SI) based on RGB and multispectral imagery saturated in the middle and late stages of rice, leading to low accuracy in estimating LAI. Moreover, multiscale texture analysis revealed that the texture of multispectral images derived from the 680 nm band is less affected by resolution, whereas the texture of RGB images is resolution dependent. The fusion of spectral and texture features using random forest and multiple stepwise regression algorithms revealed that the highest accuracy in estimating LAI can be achieved based on SI and texture features (0.48 m) from multispectral imagery. This approach yielded excellent prediction results for both high and low LAI values. With the gradual improvement of satellite image resolution, the results of this study are expected to enable accurate monitoring of rice LAI on a large scale.
Mapping gender role stress scales utilities: a scoping review approach
Authors: Aguilera Aitana , Villanueva-Moya Laura , Expósito Francisca 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionGender role stress emerges as a concept to try to explain the health difficulties presented by men and women due to gender socialization. Thus, gender role stress arises when individuals feel stressed due to their perceived inability to fulfill the demands of their gender role, or when they believe that a particular situation necessitates behavior traditionally attributed to the opposite gender. To evaluate the presence of gender role stress in individuals, two scales were developed: the masculine gender role stress scale and the feminine gender role scale.ObjectiveTo identify the main thematic areas studied in the behavioral sciences with the feminine gender role stress scale (FGRSS) and the masculine gender role stress scale (MGRSS) as main variables, specifically examining their contributions to the understanding of the attitudes and behaviors of individuals who are affected by gender role stress. We also aimed to analyze the difference, both quantitatively and qualitatively, in terms of scientific literature produced between the scales.MethodWe followed the preferred items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist. A scoping review of the literature was conducted using systematic techniques, resulting in the inclusion of 87 articles utilizing either of the two scales.Results80% (n = 72) of the articles employed the MGRSS, while 20% (n = 18) utilized the FGRSS. The MGRSS articles were also the most frequently cited in the literature. The FGRSS has been predominantly used to examine the implications for women’s well-being, whereas the MGRSS has primarily been employed to predict disruptive behaviors in men.ConclusionThis scoping review highlights disparities in the scientific literature concerning the examination of feminine and masculine gender role stress and its consequences for people. Specifically, it points out the limited investigation into feminine gender role stress and its ramifications compared to masculine gender role stress. These findings indicates the lack of a gender perspective even in research intended to study it, and outline the importance of more research with a gender perspective where women are the aim of study.
The efficacy of personalized psychological interventions in adolescents: a scoping review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li William , Gleeson John , Fraser Madeleine I. , Ciarrochi Joseph , Hofmann Stefan G. , Hayes Steven C. , Sahdra Baljinder 
Published: September 2024

This review compared the efficacy of personalized psychological interventions to standardized interventions for adolescents. We conducted a scoping review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that compared personalized interventions with standardized interventions in adolescents. Data was analyzed using Bayesian multilevel random effects meta-analysis. Eligible studies were identified through five databases: Scopus, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Moderation analysis was conducted to explain potential sources of effect size heterogeneity. Eight studies across 13 articles (participant N = 2,490) met inclusion criteria for the review with seven studies across 10 articles (N = 1,347) providing sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A small but significant effect size favoring personalized interventions was found (d = 0.21, 95% CrI [0.02, 0.39]), indicating that personalized interventions are associated with superior treatment outcomes compared to standardized interventions. Moderate between-study heterogeneity was found (I2 = 53.3%). There was no evidence of publication bias. The review also found significant variation in methods of treatment personalization. This review provides evidence that personalization of adolescent psychological interventions is an effective way to improve treatment outcomes. Given the large number of adolescents worldwide who will experience some sort of mental health problem, personalization could have a significantly large impact on global mental health outcomes.Systematic review registrationhttps://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/XRNCG.
Can periodontitis affect the COVID-19 severity, symptoms, hospital stay, and mortality? A case–control study
Authors: Macherla Shravya , Chopra Aditi , Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam , Das Rajat Subra , Garg Rupesh 
Published: September 2024

Background/purposePoor oral hygiene and periodontal disease have been identified as potential risk factors for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present study aimed to determine the association between periodontitis and COVID-19 severity, nature of symptoms, mortality, and hospital stay.MethodsIn total, 163 COVID-19-positive patients (men: 93; women: 70) were categorized into two groups: the control group, consisting of 120 patients with asymptomatic or mild symptoms, and the case group, consisting of 43 patients with moderate-to-severe symptoms. The severity of periodontal disease, oral hygiene status (OHI), pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), number of decayed/missing/filled teeth, mortality, duration of stay in the hospital, oxygen requirement, and nature of COVID-19 symptoms were assessed in both groups. The association between periodontitis and COVID-19 was analyzed with other confounding factors such as age, sex, comorbidities, oral hygiene, and smoking status.ResultsThe presence of periodontitis increases the severity of COVID-19 by 3.7 times (p = 0.002). A statistically significant difference was noted for symptoms such as dizziness (p = 0.036), running nose/cold (p = 0.009), and headache (p = 0.005) in the presence of periodontitis. The risk estimate for death associated with periodontitis was 1.03. Additionally, the average duration of stay was longer for individuals with periodontitis than for those in the control group.ConclusionThere is a positive association between periodontal disease and COVID-19. Periodontitis increases the severity of COVID-19 and alters the symptoms. Hence, periodontal disease management should be an integral part of managing patients with coronavirus infection.
Simulated real-world feasibility and feedback session for a lift assistance device, Raymex™: a mixed-method descriptive study
Authors: Kalu Michael , Chaston Andrew , Alizadehsaravi Niousha , Veras Mirella , McArthur Caitlin 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundFall risk and incidence increase with age, creating significant physical and mental burden for the individual and their care provider. Lift assistive devices are used in multiple healthcare facilities, but are generally not portable nor self-operational, limiting their use outside of medical supervision. The Raymex™ lift is a novel lift assistance device within a rollator to address these limitations. We aim to gather user-centered feedback on the Raymex™ lift, set up instructions, safety protocols to improve feasibility and usability, and explore the potential usability as a fall recovery or prevention device.MethodsFour older adults, two informal caregivers and 16 formal caregivers (clinicians and continuing care assistants) participated in a focus group. Participants provided feedback on the Raymex™ lift after viewing a demonstration and using the device. Qualitative and quantitative data were analysized using thematic and descriptive analysis respectively.ResultsParticipants highlighted three major themes: (1) Design features requiring improvement, (2) Positive feedback and suggestions to optimize the Raymex™ lift and (3) Pricing vs. social utility. Participants suggested widening the seat, changing the braking button layout, and lowering the device weight to improve usability. Participants believed the main device feature was fall recovery and had implications for social utility by reducing the need for ambulance visits to the home. Price point led to a concern on affordability for older adults.ConclusionThe feedback gained will advance the development of the Raymex™ lift and may highlight cost-effective design choices for other developers creating related aging assistive technologies.
AoRan1 Is Involved in Regulating Conidiation, Stress Resistance, Secondary Metabolism, and Pathogenicity in Arthrobotrys oligospora
Authors: Duan Shipeng , Liu Qianqian , Shen Yanmei , Zhu Lirong , Yuan Hui , Yang Jinkui 
Published: September 2024

Arthrobotrys oligospora is a representative nematode-trapping (NT) fungus that is able to capture, kill, and digest nematodes by producing specialized three-dimensional networks (traps) under nutrient-deprived conditions. Ran1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase that can act as a negative regulator of sexual conjugation and meiosis. However, the specific role of Ran1 remains largely unknown in NT fungi. Here, we identified AoRan1 (AOL_s00004g277) via gene disruption, phenotypic analysis, and metabolomic analysis. Our findings reveal that Aoran1 knockout caused a remarkable increase in conidial production, traps, and nematode feeding efficiency. In addition, the absence of Aoran1 resulted in the accumulation of lipid droplets and increased autophagic levels as well as increased tolerance to cell wall synthesis-disturbing reagents and oxidants. Metabolomic analyses also suggested that AoRan1 is involved in multiple metabolic processes, such as fatty acid biosynthesis. In summary, our results suggest that AoRan1 is crucial in conidiation, pathogenicity, and secondary metabolism. This study’s results further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which AoRan1 regulates conidiation and trap formation in A. oligospora.
Biotransformation of Sumatriptan by Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
Authors: Jehangir Muhammad , Iqbal Mohammad Saeed , Aftab Usman 
Published: September 2024

This study aimed at the biotransformation of sumatriptan by Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica and the identification of the drug metabolites by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The drug was incubated with the organisms in tryptic soya broth at 37 °C. The broth was filtered and subjected to liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The metabolites identified by the use of mass spectral (+ve ion mode) fragmentation patterns were (3-methylphenyl)methanethiol (Bacillus subtilis), 1-(4-amino-3-ethylphenyl)-N-methylmethanesulfonamide (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica) and 1-{4-amino-3-[(1E)-3-(dimethylamino)prop-1-en-1-yl]phenyl}methanesulfinamide (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus). These metabolites exhibit high gastrointestinal absorption, no blood–brain barrier permeability (except (3-methylphenyl)methanethiol), a bioavailability score of 0.55 and no inhibitory effect on CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 or cytochrome P450 1A2 (except (3-methylphenyl)methanethiol), as determined by SwissADME software ver. 2024. The metabolites appear to be more toxic than the parent drug, as suggested by their calculated median lethal dose values. All four organisms under investigation transformed sumatriptan to different chemical substances that were more toxic than the parent drug.
ANALISIS GAYA BELAJAR SISWA PADA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA KELAS VIII SMP SEKOLAH YAPENDAK KEC. UJUNG PADANG
Authors: Hutabarat Nova Mawar , Siahaan Perida Roma Asi 
Published: September 2024

Lack of understanding of the concept of materia taught to students and teachers do not know each student's learning style. This research aims to determine students' learning styles by analyzing students' learning styles in learning Indonesian in class VIII of SMP Yapendak School, Kec. Ujung Padang for the 2022/2023 academic year. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The population in this study were all class VIII students of SMP Yapendak School, Kec. Ujung Padang with a total of 82 students. The technique used in sampling was collecting data on student learning styles in the process of learning Indonesian in class SMP Yapendak School, Kec. Ujung Padang used a questionnaire with 30 questions. The results of the research show that the learning style analysis of the visual student learning style indicators has an average percentage of 72%. The auditory learning style indicator has an average percentage of 66%. In terms of kinesthetic student learning style indicators, the average percentage is 65%. So it can be analyzed that students' learning styles in learning Indonesian in class SMP Yapendak School Kec. Ujung Padang is more towards the Visual learning style because it gets a higher average score and percentage compared to audiotorial and kinesthetic learning styles.