bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineered FHA domains can bind to a variety of Phosphothreonine-containing peptides
Authors: Thota Srinivas S , Allen Grace L , Grahn Ashley K , Kay Brian K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Antibodies play a crucial role in monitoring post-translational modifications, like phosphorylation, which regulates protein activity and location; however, commercial polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies have limitations in renewability and engineering compared to recombinant affinity reagents. A scaffold based on the Forkhead-associated domain (FHA) has potential as a selective affinity reagent for this post-translational modification. Engineered FHA domains, termed phosphothreonine-binding domains (pTBDs), with limited cross-reactivity were isolated from an M13 bacteriophage display library by affinity selection with phosphopeptides corresponding to human mTOR, Chk2, 53BP1, and Akt1 proteins. To determine the specificity of the representative pTBDs, we focused on binders to the pT543 phosphopeptide (536-IDEDGENpTQIEDTEP-551) of the DNA repair protein 53BP1. ELISA and western blot experiments have demonstrated the pTBDs are specific to phosphothreonine, demonstrating the potential utility of pTBDs for monitoring the phosphorylation of specific threonine residues in clinically relevant human proteins.
Are Bankruptcy Professional Fees Excessively High?
Authors: Antill Samuel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter 7 is the most popular bankruptcy system for U.S. firms and individuals. Chapter 7 professional fees are substantial. Theoretically, high fees might be an unavoidable cost of incentivizing professionals. I test this empirically. I study trustees, the most important professionals in chapter 7, who liquidate assets in exchange for legally mandated commissions. Exploiting kinks in the commission function, I estimate a structural model of moral hazard by trustees. I show that a policy change lowering trustee fees would harm trustee incentives, reducing liquidation values. Nonetheless, such a policy would dramatically improve creditor recovery, increasing small-business-lender recovery by 15.7%.
Incidence and risk of arterial and venous thrombotic events in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients: a population-based study
Authors: Ojeda-Fernandez Luisa , Calvisi Stefania , Torrigiani Ginevra , Tettamanti Mauro , Fortino Ida , Roncaglioni Carla , Baviera Marta 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Current data on arterial and venous thrombotic events (ATE & VTE) and cardiovascular (CV) risk management in European systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) population are limited. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk of thrombotic events and all-cause death in an Italian SLE cohort over the past decade, along with its pharmacotherapy.

Methods
Incident SLE cases between 2010 and 2019 were identified using administrative health databases of the Lombardy Region. The association between SLE and outcomes, compared with age- and sex-matched controls, was reported as incidence rate per 1000 person-years and as adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals.

Results
Overall, 2133 SLE patients and 21 283 no-SLE individuals were included. A higher incidence rate of ATE (4.22 vs 2.26 1000 PY), VTE (1.85 vs 0.67 1000 PY,) and all-cause death (15.18 vs 6.22 1000 PY) was reported in SLE patients than in those without (p&lt; 0.0001) as well as an increased risk of ATE (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.20–2.26), VTE (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.35–3.74), and all-cause death (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.52–2.15). After SLE diagnoses, hydroxychloroquine and glucocorticoids were prescribed for at least 60% of patients. Additionally, a higher exposure to cardiovascular medications was also seen in SLE patients.

Conclusion
Our findings confirmed higher risks of ATE, VTE and all-cause death in SLE patients. While increased CV medications use after SLE diagnoses suggests heightened awareness to CV risk profile, more attention is required to balance SLE disease activity with minimizing exposure to drugs associated with exacerbating CV risk.
International Commodity Prices Transmission to Consumer Prices in Africa
Authors: Lemaire Thibault , Vertier Paul 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, global commodity prices pass-through to consumer prices are estimated in Africa. The estimation sample includes monthly data for 48 countries over the period 2002m02–2021m04. Sixteen commodity prices are considered separately, rather than aggregate indices that use weights unrepresentative of consumption in Africa. Using local projections in a panel data set, the maximum estimated pass-through is of 23 percent, and the long-run pass-through is of about 20 percent, higher than usually found in the literature. Country-specific regressions are also considered: in the latter, the estimated pass-through is lower for countries with a higher GDP per capita, a lower share of food and energy in the consumption basket, a better quality of transport infrastructure, and a higher openness to trade. Finally, commodity-specific pass-throughs are correlated with the share of corresponding goods in the consumer basket and with the import dependency ratio for this commodity.
The angiotensin‐(1‐7)/MasR axis improves pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Extending the therapeutic window for antibiotic therapy
Authors: Zaidan Isabella , Carvalho Antônio Felipe Silva , Grossi Laís C. , Souza Jéssica A. M. , Lara Edvaldo S. , Montuori‐Andrade Ana Clara M. , Cardoso Camila , Carneiro Fernanda S. , Lima Erick Bryan de Sousa , Monteiro Adelson Héric Alves , Augusto Isabella de Lacerda , Caixeta Rodrigo Severo , Igídio Carlos Eduardo Dias , de Brito Camila B. , de Oliveira Leonardo Camilo , Queiroz‐Junior Celso Martins , Russo Remo C. , Campagnole‐Santos Maria José , Santos Robson A. S. , Costa Vivian V. , de Souza Daniele da Glória , Fagundes Caio T. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Tavares Luciana P. , Sousa Lirlândia P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa is a frequent cause of antimicrobial‐resistant hospital‐acquired pneumonia, especially in critically ill patients. Inflammation triggered by P. aeruginosa infection is necessary for bacterial clearance but must be spatially and temporally regulated to prevent further tissue damage and bacterial dissemination. Emerging data have shed light on the pro‐resolving actions of angiotensin‐(1‐7) [Ang‐(1‐7)] signaling through the G protein‐coupled receptor Mas (MasR) during infections. Herein, we investigated the role of the Ang‐(1‐7)/Mas axis in pneumonia caused by P. aeruginosa by using genetic and pharmacological approach and found that Mas receptor‐deficient animals developed a more severe form of pneumonia showing higher neutrophilic infiltration into the airways, bacterial load, cytokines, and chemokines production and more severe pulmonary damage. Conversely, treatment of pseudomonas‐infected mice with Ang‐(1‐7) was able to decrease neutrophilic infiltration in airways and lungs, local and systemic levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and increase the efferocytosis rates, mitigating lung damage/dysfunction caused by infection. Notably, the therapeutic association of Ang‐(1‐7) with antibiotics improved the survival rates of mice subjected to lethal inoculum of P. aeruginosa, extending the therapeutic window for imipenem. Mechanistically, Ang‐(1‐7) increased phagocytosis of bacteria by neutrophils and macrophages to accelerate pathogen clearance. Altogether, harnessing the Ang‐(1‐7) pathway during infection is a potential strategy for the development of host‐directed therapies to promote mechanisms of resistance and resilience to pneumonia.
eHealth in pediatric respiratory allergy
Authors: Pais-Cunha Inês , Jácome Cristina , Vieira Rafael , Sousa Pinto Bernardo , Almeida Fonseca João 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
This review explores the relevance of eHealth technologies to address unmet needs in pediatric respiratory allergies, particularly allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma. Given the increasing burden of these conditions, there is a pressing need for effective solutions to enhance disease surveillance, diagnosis, and management.

Recent findings
Recent literature highlights the potential of eHealth tools to transform pediatric respiratory allergy care. The use of digital data for infodemiology, application of machine learning models to improve diagnostic sensitivity, smartphone apps with digital patient reported outcome measure (PROMs) and embedded sensors to monitor disease, healthcare professional dashboards with real-time data monitoring and clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are advances emerging to optimize pediatric respiratory allergy care.

Summary
Integrating eHealth technologies into the pediatric respiratory allergy care pathway is a potential solution for current healthcare challenges to better meet the needs of children with AR and asthma. However, while the potential of eHealth is evident, its widespread implementation in real-world practice requires continued research, collaboration, and efforts to overcome existing barriers.
Allergen immunotherapy and eosinophilic esophagitis: friends or foes?
Authors: Pitsios Constantinos , Rossi Carlo Maria 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
The connection between eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and food and airborne allergens is complex. Exposure to allergens (mainly food) is often the trigger for EoE flares. The development of EoE has been described as a side effect of allergen immunotherapy, especially oral immunotherapy (OIT, with food allergens), while isolated cases of EoE have been reported during sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT, with extracts of aeroallergens).

Recent findings
EoE is currently recognized as a common side effect of OIT, while a solid correlation between SLIT and EoE is missing. Animal models have been developed to study the pathophysiological link between sensitization to aeroallergens and the induction of EoE and will probably provide an interpretation of why there are cases of EoE developed during SLIT. Recent findings in animal models suggest a genetic connection to EoE development after sensitization and re-exposure to airborne allergens. Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy does not have a causative effect on EoE; on the contrary, a beneficial effect on EoE has been reported. Moreover, epicutaneous immunotherapy with a vector containing milk has also been used to treat children with milk-induced EoE.

Summary
Discovering the immune links between allergens and EoE will further guide the proper use of allergen immunotherapy and help define future strategies for the management of EoE.
Umbilical Line Securement Bundle to Reduce Line Loss in the Neonate
Authors: Lepp Kirsten M. , Carter Brigit M. , Bain Lisa C. , Antonini Rachael E. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Umbilical line migration not only increases the risks of complications but also results in malposition and, ultimately, loss of the umbilical line.

Purpose:
To evaluate the use of an umbilical line securement bundle to reduce unintended line discontinuation after line adjustment in the neonate at a single 40-bed Level IV neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods:
A pre-post design of 75 neonates, preimplementation (n = 50) and postimplementation (n = 25), was analyzed using data collection from the electronic health record.

Results:
There was a 37.5% absolute reduction in removal of the umbilical line due to malposition after line adjustment utilizing the umbilical line bundle, standardizing the adjustment order, nursing process, and follow-up x-ray evaluation. This absolute reduction has clinical significance although not statistically significant. Provider compliance rates with line adjustment order bundle were 75%, decreasing with additional adjustments (50%). Nursing staff reported comfort with umbilical line management, ranging from 63% to 87% on different tasks.

Implications for Practice:
The use of umbilical line bundles reduces rates of line discontinuation due to malposition. The adoption of umbilical line bundles in neonatal intensive care unit practice may help to prevent unintended line discontinuation.

Implications for Research:
There is a need for continued research regarding the use of secondary securement devices for decreased rate of malposition and the timing and methods for surveillance of umbilical line position.
Utility of Skin Tone on Pulse Oximetry in Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hao Sicheng , Dempsey Katelyn , Matos João , Cox Christopher E. , Rotemberg Veronica , Gichoya Judy W. , Kibbe Warren , Hong Chuan , Wong An-Kwok Ian 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE:
Pulse oximetry, a ubiquitous vital sign in modern medicine, has inequitable accuracy that disproportionately affects minority Black and Hispanic patients, with associated increases in mortality, organ dysfunction, and oxygen therapy. Previous retrospective studies used self-reported race or ethnicity as a surrogate for skin tone which is believed to be the root cause of the disparity. Our objective was to determine the utility of skin tone in explaining pulse oximetry discrepancies.

DESIGN:
Prospective cohort study.

SETTING:
Patients were eligible if they had pulse oximetry recorded up to 5 minutes before arterial blood gas (ABG) measurements. Skin tone was measured using administered visual scales, reflectance colorimetry, and reflectance spectrophotometry.

PARTICIPANTS:
Admitted hospital patients at Duke University Hospital.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Sao
2–Spo
2 bias, variation of bias, and accuracy root mean square, comparing pulse oximetry, and ABG measurements. Linear mixed-effects models were fitted to estimate Sao
2–Spo
2 bias while accounting for clinical confounders.
One hundred twenty-eight patients (57 Black, 56 White) with 521 ABG-pulse oximetry pairs were recruited. Skin tone data were prospectively collected using six measurement methods, generating eight measurements. The collected skin tone measurements were shown to yield differences among each other and overlap with self-reported racial groups, suggesting that skin tone could potentially provide information beyond self-reported race. Among the eight skin tone measurements in this study, and compared with self-reported race, the Monk Scale had the best relationship with differences in pulse oximetry bias (point estimate: –2.40%; 95% CI, –4.32% to –0.48%; p = 0.01) when comparing patients with lighter and dark skin tones.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found clinical performance differences in pulse oximetry, especially in darker skin tones. Additional studies are needed to determine the relative contributions of skin tone measures and other potential factors on pulse oximetry discrepancies.
PDE8 Inhibition and Its Impact on I Ca,L in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Evaluation of PDE8 as a Potential Drug Target
Authors: Ismaili Djemail , Petersen Johannes , Schulz Carl , Eschenhagen Thomas , Koivumäki Jussi T. , Christ Torsten 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Atrial fibrillation (AF) poses a significant therapeutic challenge with drug interventions showing only limited success. Phosphodiesterases (PDE) regulate cardiac electrical stability and may represent an interesting target. Recently, PDE8 inhibition was proposed as an antiarrhythmic intervention by increasing L-type Ca2+ current (ICa,L) and action potential duration (APD). However, the effect size of PDE8 inhibition on ICa,L and APD seems discrepant and effects on force are unknown. We investigated the impact of PDE8 inhibition on force using PF-04957325 in right atrial appendages, obtained from patients in sinus rhythm (SR) and with persistent AF (peAF) undergoing cardiac surgery. A computational model was used to predict the effects of PDE8 inhibition on APD in SR and peAF. Results showed no increase in force after exposure to increasing concentrations of the PDE8 inhibitor PF-04957325 in either SR or peAF tissues. Furthermore, PDE8 inhibition did not affect the potency or efficacy of norepinephrine-induced inotropic effects in either group. Arrhythmic events triggered by norepinephrine were observed in both SR and peAF, but their frequency remained unaffected by PF-04957325 treatment. Computational modeling predicted that the reported increase in ICa,L induced by PDE8 inhibition would lead to substantial APD prolongation at all repolarization states, particularly in peAF. Our findings indicate that PDE8 inhibition does not significantly impact force or arrhythmogenicity in human atrial tissue.
Disparity landscapes of viral-induced structural variations in HCC: Mechanistic characterization and functional implications
Authors: Lyu Xueying , Sze Karen Man-Fong , Lee Joyce Man-Fong , Husain Abdullah , Tian Lu , Imbeaud Sandrine , Zucman-Rossi Jessica , Ng Irene Oi-Lin , Ho Daniel Wai-Hung 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
HCC is the most common type of primary liver cancer and is a common malignancy worldwide. About half of all new liver cancers worldwide each year occur in China, including Hong Kong, due to a high prevalence of HBV infection. HBV DNA integrates into the human genome, disrupting the endogenous tumor suppressors/regulatory genes or enhancing the activity of proto-oncogenes. It would be useful to examine the different NGS-based databases to provide a more unbiased and comprehensive survey of HBV integration.

Approach and Results:
We aimed to take advantage of publicly available data sets of different regional cohorts to determine the disparity landscapes of integration events among sample cohorts, tissue types, chromosomal positions, individual host, and viral genes, as well as genic locations. By comparing HCC tumors with non tumorous livers, the landscape of HBV integration was delineated in gene-independent and gene-dependent manners. Moreover, we performed mechanistic investigations on how HBV-TERT integration led to TERT activation and derived a score to predict patients’ prognostication according to their clonal disparity landscape of HBV integration.

Conclusions:
Our study uncovered the different levels of clonal enrichment of HBV integration and identified mechanistic insights and prognostic biomarkers. This strengthens our understanding of HBV-associated hepatocarcinogenesis.
INTDOSKIT: An R-Code for Calculation of Dose Coefficients and Studying Their Uncertainties
Authors: Breustedt Bastian , Chavan Niranjan , Makumbi Thomas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
An R-code, which allows the calculation of the time dependent activity distribution based on ICRP reference models, the number of decays in a commitment period, and the dose coefficients for tissues and organs of the human body, has been developed. R Language was chosen due to its powerful mathematical and statistical modeling features, as well as its graphical capabilities. The developed set of functions and constants (called “INTDOSKIT”) can be sourced in R-scripts that define or import the models and calculations to be performed. The code has been tested on models of several radionuclides and was successfully validated against reference data taken from ICRP OIR Data Viewer software. Furthermore, the code has been tested and verified on the modeling of the radioactivity of decay chains using data of the 233Ra model presented by Höllriegl and colleagues. The results of calculations with INTDOSKIT demonstrated that the code is able to reproduce the ICRP bioassay data and dose coefficients. Deviations are a few percent only and are due mainly to rounding in the original data. Lastly, the code is able to handle uncertainty and sensitivity studies as demonstrated by the results in a pilot study of injection of 241Am, which estimated geometric standard deviations (GSD) for dose coefficients ranging between 1.25 (bone-surface) and 1.66 (testes); these results are consistent with those obtained from similar studies done by other researchers who reported GSD values ranging from 1.13 to 1.73.
The Future of Health Physics: Trends, Challenges, and Innovation
Authors: Ghimire Lekhnath , Waller Edward 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper offers a comprehensive exploration of the future trajectory of health physics, examining influential factors in external and internal dimensions. External factors include an in-depth analysis of low-dose (10–100 mSv) measurement challenges and priorities, highlighting the transformative potential of biomarkers in solving radiation susceptibility following low-dose exposures. Cutting-edge technologies are at the forefront, with insights into emerging radiation detection tools like plastic scintillators with triple discrimination capabilities and sensors based on plastic scintillation microspheres (PSm) for estimating α and β emitting radionuclides in environmental samples. Remote detection systems using drones, robot dogs, and quantum sensors boasting heightened sensitivity and precision also are discussed. Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and data analytics emerges as a pivotal element, promising to redefine health physics by minimizing radiation exposure risks. The exploration includes innovative materials for radiation shielding, advancements in virtual reality applications, preparation for radiological protection during armed conflicts, and the ever-evolving landscape of decommissioning health physics. Examining health effects from non-ionizing radiation and analyzing broader contextual factors such as regulatory shifts, geopolitics, and socioeconomic influences adds depth to understanding the external forces leading to the future of health physics. Internally, the paper focuses on the transformative dynamics of health physics education and training, encompassing expanded educational horizons, innovative delivery methods, targeted student outreach strategies, and insights into navigating health physics careers amid a dynamically evolving job market. The discussion unfolds further, focusing on new risk communication strategies, the collaborative potential of interdisciplinary approaches, and the significance of health physics summer schools and consortia for transformative educational paradigms. The objective of this paper is not only to unravel the multifaceted factors shaping the future of health physics but also to foster dialogue and collaboration for the unpredictable yet exciting journey ahead.