bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of soybean flour (Glycine max) and its inhibitors enzyme on endogenous protease activity in surimi-like gel elaborated with jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) during the storage at 4°C and 10ºC
Authors: Minor-Pérez Hugo 
Published: January 2017

Jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) is a marine product abundant in the Pacific shores of Mexico. It has high endogenous protease activity that affects gellation process and may to increase its deterioration during storage of muscle mantle fresh or processed. Enzyme inhibitors from soybean may to contribute to the biological regulation of this endogenous alkaline protease. Changes in proteolytic activity during the storage at 4ºC and 10ºC were studied in a model system of alkaline enzyme extracts of mantle muscle and enzyme inhibitors extracts. Surimi-like gel (SLG) elaborated with myofibrillar proteins from muscle mantle and soybean flour was also analyzed. Significant reduction (P<0.05) of proteolytic activity was observed in model system and SLG for both temperatures. During storage time lowest values were 14.3 AU/mg (4ºC, 192 h) and 6.90 AU/mg (10ºC, 120 h) with the treatments of 30 mg/mL protein of enzyme inhibitors extracts/70 mg/mL protein of enzyme extracts and 77.80 AU/mg (4ºC, 144 h) and 80 AU/mg (10ºC, 72 h) for SLG elaborated using 50 g soybean flour (dry base) and 50 g myofibrillar protein (wet base). These results showed feasible to use soybean flour as a source of proteolytic inhibitors in surimi-like gels from jumbo squid during the storage at refrigeration conditions and temperature abuse conditions.
LA RETENCION DE MEDICOS DE FAMILIA EN ZONAS RURALES EN EL ECUADOR
Authors: Guevara Alicia , Romero Rafael 
Published: January 2017

<p>A nivel mundial existe carencia en la distribución de profesionales sanitarios con formación de cuarto nivel entre las zonas urbanas y rurales. Reclutar y retener médicos de familia que trabajen en zonas rurales, es cada vez más difícil, por otra parte crecen las poblaciones rurales, se incrementa la demanda de servicios de salud y disminuye el número de profesionales en estas zonas. Resolver esta problemática es un reto que debe enfrentar el Sistema de Salud Ecuatoriano, al momento no existen respuestas claras para enfrentar este problema, constituyéndose en un reto para el Estado y las Universidades, encontrar estrategias para ofrecer médicos capacitados para las poblaciones rurales y marginales.</p><p>El presente estudio pretende conocer la perspectiva de los médicos de familia en el Ecuador sobre los obstáculos percibidos para trabajar en zonas rurales.</p>
DERMATITIS POR PAEDERUS “FUETAZO”, EN ZONAS RURALES DEL ECUADOR
Authors: Troya Carlos , Proaño Charyl , Villavicencio Gabriela , Vásquez Mónica , Herrera Diego 
Published: January 2017

<p>Se realizó una investigación bibliográfica de la dermatitis de contacto por Paederus, revisando además la presentación clínica de 33 casos de dermatitis por Paederus, atendidos desde el año 2011 al 2015, que fueron atendidos en el Hospital Pedro Vicente Maldonado del Noroccidente del Pichincha, zona subtropical del bosque húmedo </p>
MONITOREO LOCAL DE RESISTENCIA A LOS ANTIBIÓTICOS EN ESCHERICHIA COLI EN UNA ZONA RURAL DE ECUADOR: MÁS ALLÁ DEL MODELO BIOMÉDICO
Authors: Troya Carlos , Herrera Diego , Guevara Alicia , Obregón Miguel , Gaus David , Larcos Danny , Sánchez Xavier 
Published: January 2017

<p><strong>Objetivo:</strong> Analizar los patrones de resistencia a los antibióticos desarrollada por <em>Escherichia coli</em> en un establecimiento de salud rural, y revisión de la literatura médica disponible acerca de los factores que influyen en el desarrollo de resistencia antibacteriana.</p><p><strong>Pacientes y métodos:</strong> Se compararon las mediciones de resistencia a los antibióticos en diferentes grupos de pacientes que acudieron a los servicios de salud de un hospital rural en Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas – Ecuador durante el primer trimestre de 2015. Se analizaron 161 resultados de cultivos de orina que resultaron positivos para el germen Escherichia coli, así como sus patrones de resistencia.</p><p><strong>Resultados: </strong>Los antibióticos ante los que E. Coli, desarrollo mayor resistencia fueron cefalotina (34.5%), ampicilina (51.1%), ampicilina-sulbactam (44.8%), ciprofloxacina (34.8%), norfloxacina (41.7%), ácido nalidíxico (41.7%) y cotrimoxazol (46.2%). Además, 10% de los casos presentó un patrón de resistencia de bacterias formadoras de betalactamasas de expectro extendido.</p><p><strong>Conclusiones:</strong> Se requieren estudios de monitoreo local de resistencia a los antibióticos para la selección racional de los tratamientos. En zonas rurales, las prácticas de zootecnia determinan el desarrollo de resistencia a los antibióticos; y se requiere un enfoque eco-epidemiológico para su comprensión. Se recomienda investigaciones de monitoreo nacional sobre las prácticas tanto médicas como veterinarias para poder controlar de mejor manera el curso de la resistencia.</p>
MANEJO DE INTOXICACIÓN POR INHIBIDORES DE LA COLINESTERASA: UNA EXPERIENCIA EN UN HOSPITAL RURAL EN ECUADOR
Authors: Guevara Alicia , Troya Carlos , Gaus David , Herrera Diego , Obregón Miguel 
Published: January 2017

<p><strong>Objetivos</strong>: Revisamos el manejo de pacientes intoxicados por plaguicidas en un Hospital de segundo nivel en una zona rural. </p><p><strong>Métodos</strong>: Se realizó una revisión epidemiológica de 70 casos de intoxicación por órganos fosforados (OF), atendidos en el periodo 2009 – 2012, en el Hospital Pedro Vicente Maldonado. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas contenidas en el Sistema Informático del Hospital. Además se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de la evidencia existente de la intoxicación por órganos fosforados en el mundo.</p><p><strong>Resultados</strong>: De los 70 casos de intoxicación por OF manejados en el hospital rural, 6 se complicaron, requiriendo transferencia a tercer nivel, dos de estos pacientes fallecieron en tercer nivel. 63 fueron manejados a nivel local. En todos ellos se utilizó exclusivamente atropina como antídoto, sin necesidad de oximas (2-PAM).</p><p><strong>Conclusiones</strong>: Las intoxicaciones por órganos fosforados, se presentan con mayor frecuencia, en zonas rurales y la mayoría de los casos deben ser manejados en segundo nivel. Este estudio sugiere que, con pocos fármacos y con recurso humano capacitado, esta patología, muchas veces mortal, debe ser parte de la formación médica rural. Como políticas de salud, países en vías de desarrollo, deben considerar limitar el acceso a ciertos tipos de productos agrícolas.</p>
Confirmation of tensile residual stress reduction in electron beam welding using low transformation temperature materials (LTT) as localized metallurgical injection – Part 1: Metallographic analysis
Authors: Gach Stefan , Schwedt Alexander , Olschok Simon , Reisgen Uwe , Mayer Joachim 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
For the reduction of the distortion and the residual tensile stresses in welded seams on carbon manganese steels, low transformation temperature materials (LTT) were developed. These materials use the volume expansion effect during martensitic transformation. The volume expansion counteracts volume shrinkage during cooling. The positive effects of the low transformation temperature alloys on the residual tensile stresses were demonstrated in various investigations. The low transformation temperature materials were, so far, used as filler material in arc welding processes in large volumes. The use of modular thermal fields of the electron beam welding processes offers the potential of a temporally activated use of compressive stress induction by phase transformation of the low transformation temperature alloys. The aim is to exert influence in situ on the welding residual stress state and thus on the distortion of complex parts. The metallographic analysis of an electron beam welded seam in unalloyed steel with low transformation temperature filler material is demonstrated. The evaluation is made via electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and is shown in the first part. The second part will show the effect on near surface residual stresses examined by hole-drilling method in combination with an optical evaluation by electronic speckle pattern interferometry.
Comparative characterization of quasi-static and cyclic deformation behavior of glass fiber-reinforced polyurethane (GFR-PU) and epoxy (GFR-EP)
Authors: Huelsbusch Daniel , Jamrozy Michael , Frieling Gerrit , Mueller Yves , Barandun Gion A. , Niedermeier Michael , Walther Frank 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP) are highly suitable for use in transportation industry in order to achieve the targets of energy and resource efficiency. In this context, due to its high specific strength, GFR-epoxy (GFR-EP) has already been implemented in a wide range of applications. However, in cases of energy efficiency and damage tolerance, GFR-EP shows disadvantages compared to GFR-polyurethane (GFR-PU). The aim of this study is the comparative characterization of the quasi-static and cyclic deformation behavior of GFR-PU and GFR-EP with similar layer setup. The mechanical properties have been investigated in instrumented tensile, interlaminar shear strength and compression after impact tests. In addition, the tests were combined with varying temperatures (−30 °C, RT, +70 °C) with respect to aerospace applications to determine the material property development under low and elevated temperatures. In cyclic investigations, the fatigue properties have been estimated by resource-efficient multiple step tests and validated in constant amplitude tests. Hysteresis and temperature measurements were applied in order to investigate the damage processes. It could be shown that polyurethane exhibits improved damage tolerance by significantly reducing delamination area under impact loading, whereas epoxy leads to optimized properties under elevated temperature. Furthermore, epoxy generally underlines higher capabilities under cyclic loading, which is due to void content of polyurethane.
Production- and microstructure-based fatigue assessment of metallic AISI 304/430 multilayer materials produced by hot pack rolling
Authors: Schmiedt Anke , Luecker Lukas , Kolesnikov Alexander G. , Plokhikh Andrew , Walther Frank 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Metallic multilayer materials consisting of hundreds or thousands of layers offer a high potential for broad applications in modern technology. A uniform and gradual thinning of layers can be realized by using alloys with different crystal structures in combination with the efficient and high-performance technology of hot pack rolling. However, investigations on fatigue properties, especially to evaluate the influence of the number of layers, are still missing. In the present study, the fatigue behavior of metallic multilayer materials consisting of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels AISI 304 and AISI 430 with 100 and 1400 layers are characterized by applying a time-efficient load increase procedure. Therefore, instrumented stepwise load increase tests were performed to define suitable loading parameters for a convenient comparison of fatigue properties in constant amplitude tests. A benefit of the complex production process leading to 1400 layers was verified concerning the investigated load level in the range of low cycle fatigue with a significant improvement by the factor of 3.5. The alternating current potential drop method for measurements of change in voltage was determined to be most suitable to detect microstructural changes at an early state of fatigue damage for multilayer materials. Microstructures as well as fractured surfaces were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the results of the two technological manufacturing routes as well as the crack and failure behavior.
Numerical and experimental investigations on shot-peened high-strength steel by means of hole drilling, X-ray, synchrotron and neutron diffraction analysis
Authors: Farajian Majid , Hardenacke Volker , Pfeiffer Wulf , Klaus Manuela , Kornmeier Joana Rebelo 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Numerous experimental works have been devoted to studying the influence of different shot peening parameters on the surface material conditions in different metals in the last decades. Most of the research work has been focused on experimental determination of the residual stress and its depth profile by means of X-ray diffraction and corresponding electro-polishing of the surface layers or byhole drilling method. This state of knowledge has led to the development of phenomenological models to describe the surface material conditions qualitatively. Since there are quite a number of parameters, which could influence the residual stress field after shot peening, covering the whole possible process parameters combinations with the purpose of experimentally determining the residual stress profiles could be difficult. A deeper insight into the residual stress states after shot peening could be possible on the basis of sound physical principles by means of numerical approaches. In this study, shot peening of high strength steel S690QL has been modeled and simulated. The results have been compared with the residual stress depth profiles determined by X-ray, synchrotron, neutron diffraction and hole drilling method.
A study on the wall thickness in the angular deep drawing process
Authors: Ünal Engin , Özek Cebeli 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The aim of this paper is the modeling and the corresponding experimental validation of angular deep drawing parameters on the tensile strength, wall thickness and height of the square profile cups. The full factorial experimental method was used to collect the data. FE analysis results were compared with experimental measurements. As a consequence, it was observed that angular deep drawing dies gave better results with different angle values than conventional dies with higher drawing ratios. In general, the product quality increased by an increase of the die/blank holder angle. FEM model results were in good agreement with experimental measurements.
Liquid Metal Assisted Crack Formation in Zinc Melts, Representation of the Damage Pattern Using 3D Computed Tomography
Authors: Körber D. , Hoche H. , Oechsner M. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
In the past, liquid metal induced galvanizing cracks were either analyzed on the metallographic section in the respective partially ground plane of view, or the exposed main fracture surface was examined in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thus, possibly existing secondary cracks remained undetected. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) allows for a representation of all cracks including their branchings and ramifications and makes possible an analysis of an overall picture of the network of cracks. Differences in the effect of different zinc melts can be further identified by means of 3D analysis and the load situations that promote the crack initiation during hot-dip galvanizing can be differentiated more clearly using laboratory samples. Key results are the representation of cracks parallel to the direction of the main load (B-cracks) which are oriented with the pearlite bands and apparently penetrate significantly deeper into the base material than the macroscopically visible crack which is orientated perpendicular to the direction of the main load (A-crack). A relationship between the occurrence of B-cracks and the used zinc alloys could only conditionally be shown. Examinations on flat samples, which had been dipped into various metal melts under load-free condition, yielded more or less comparable results, in particular for molten pure tin and molten pure lead. In this case, the pearlite phase is preferentially damaged even without introducing an external load into the samples.
Examinations of a Bronze Ingot Made of Fahlore
Authors: Haubner R. , Ertl F. , Strobl S. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
In Europe, the metallurgy of copper has been a tradition for thousands of years, which is also testified by relevant artifacts that can be found. A copper ingot of unknown origin was made available for the examinations. The surface of the ingot was characterized by a deposit of corrosion products from malachite and cuprite which could also be observed in cavities. XRF measurements resulted in Cu as the main component, up to 4 wt. % As, and 2.5 wt. % S, as well as smaller quantities of Sb, Ni, Fe, and Ag. This composition suggests the production from fahlores. A typical cast structure with copper dendritic areas and concentrations of the accompanying elements in the interdendritic areas could be observed. Delafossite crystals (Cu3Ni2SbO6) were verified on the ingot's top side (melt in contact with the air). The ingot is thus composed of an As bronze with a complex microstructure consisting of solid solutions, intermetallic phases, and sulfides.
GALACTIC EXTINCTION AND REDDENING FROM THE SOUTH GALACTIC CAP u-BAND SKY SURVEY: u-BAND GALAXY NUMBER COUNTS AND u − r COLOR DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Li Linlin , Shen Shiyin , Hou Jinliang , Yuan Fangting , Zhong Jing , Zou Hu , Zhou Xu , Jiang Zhaoji , Peng Xiyan , Fan Dongwei , Fan Xiaohui , Fan Zhou , He Boliang , Jing Yipeng , Lesser Michael , Li Cheng , Ma Jun , Nie Jundan , Wang Jiali , Wu Zhenyu , Zhang Tianmeng , Zhou Zhimin 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We study the integral Galactic extinction and reddening based on the galaxy catalog of the South Galactic Cap u-band Sky Survey (SCUSS), where u-band galaxy number counts and u − r color distribution are used to derive the Galactic extinction and reddening respectively. We compare these independent statistical measurements with the reddening map of Schlegel et al. (SFD) and find that both the extinction and reddening from the number counts and color distribution are in good agreement with the SFD results at low extinction regions (

mag). However, for high extinction regions (

mag), the SFD map overestimates the Galactic reddening systematically, which can be approximated by a linear relation

]. By combining the results from galaxy number counts and color distribution, we find that the shape of the Galactic extinction curve is in good agreement with the standard R

V
= 3.1 extinction law of O’Donnell.
Spatially Resolved CO SLED of the Luminous Merger Remnant NGC 1614 with ALMA
Authors: Saito Toshiki , Iono Daisuke , Xu Cong K. , Sliwa Kazimierz , Ueda Junko , Espada Daniel , Kaneko Hiroyuki , König Sabine , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Lee Minju , Yun Min S. , Aalto Susanne , Hibbard John E. , Yamashita Takuji , Motohara Kentaro , Kawabe Ryohei 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We present high-resolution (1.″0) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of CO (1–0) and CO (2–1) rotational transitions toward the nearby IR-luminous merger NGC 1614 supplemented with ALMA archival data of CO (3–2) and CO (6–5) transitions. The CO (6–5) emission arises from the starburst ring (central 590 pc in radius), while the lower-J CO lines are distributed over the outer disk (∼3.3 kpc in radius). Radiative transfer and photon-dominated region (PDR) modeling reveals that the starburst ring has a single warmer gas component with more a intense far-ultraviolet radiation field (

cm−3,

K, and

) relative to the outer disk (

cm−3,

K, and

). A two-phase molecular interstellar medium with a warm and cold (>70 and ∼19 K) component is also an applicable model for the starburst ring. A possible source for heating the warm gas component is mechanical heating due to stellar feedback rather than PDR. Furthermore, we find evidence for non-circular motions along the north–south optical bar in the lower-J CO images, suggesting a cold gas inflow. We suggest that star formation in the starburst ring is sustained by the bar-driven cold gas inflow and that starburst activities radiatively and mechanically power the CO excitation. The absence of a bright active galactic nucleus can be explained by a scenario where cold gas accumulating on the starburst ring is exhausted as the fuel for star formation or is launched as an outflow before being able to feed to the nucleus.
Spectroscopic Comparison of Metal-rich RRab Stars of the Galactic Field with their Metal-poor Counterparts
Authors: Chadid Merieme , Sneden Christopher , Preston George W. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We investigate atmospheric properties of 35 stable RRab stars that possess the full ranges of period, light amplitude, and metal abundance found in Galactic RR Lyrae stars. Our results are derived from several thousand echelle spectra obtained over several years with the du Pont telescope of Las Campanas Observatory. Radial velocities of metal lines and the Hα line were used to construct curves of radial velocity versus pulsation phase. From these we estimated radial velocity amplitudes for metal lines (formed near the photosphere) and Hα Doppler cores (formed at small optical depths). We also measured Hα emission fluxes when they appear during primary light rises. Spectra shifted to rest wavelengths, binned into small phase intervals, and co-added were used to perform model atmospheric and abundance analyses. The derived metallicities and those of some previous spectroscopic surveys were combined to produce a new calibration of the Layden abundance scale. We then divided our RRab sample into metal-rich (disk) and metal-poor (halo) groups at [Fe/H] = −1.0; the atmospheres of RRab families, so defined, differ with respect to (a) peak strength of Hα emission flux, (b) Hα radial velocity amplitude, (c) dynamical gravity, (d) stellar radius variation, (e) secondary acceleration during the photometric bump that precedes minimum light, and (f) duration of Hα line-doubling. We also detected Hα line-doubling during the “bump” in the metal-poor family, but not in the metal-rich one. Although all RRab probably are core helium-burning horizontal branch stars, the metal-rich group appears to be a species sui generis.
Evidence for a Dusty Dark Dwarf Galaxy in the Quadruple Lens MG 0414+0534
Authors: Inoue Kaiki Taro , Matsushita Satoki , Minezaki Takeo , Chiba Masashi 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We report the

4
σ

detection of a faint object with a flux of

∼
0.3

mJy

, in the vicinity of the quadruply lensed QSO MG 0414+0534 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter array (ALMA) Band 7. The object is most probably a dusty dark dwarf galaxy, which has not been detected in either the optical, near-infrared, or radio (centimeter) bands. An anomaly in the flux ratio of the lensed images observed in Band 7 and the mid-infrared band and the reddening of the QSO light color can be simultaneously explained if we consider the object as a lensing substructure with an ellipticity of ∼0.7 at a redshift of

0.5
≲
z
≲
1

. Using the best-fit lens models with three lenses, we find that the dark matter plus baryon mass associated with the object is

∼

10

9

M

⊙

, the dust mass is

∼

10

7

M

⊙

, and the linear size is

≳
5

kpc. Thus, our findings suggest that the object is a dusty dark dwarf galaxy. A substantial portion of faint submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the universe may be attributed to such dark objects.