bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interdigital tissue remodelling in the embryonic limb involves dynamic regulation of the miRNA profiles
Authors: Garcia‐Riart Beatriz , Lorda‐Diez Carlos I. , Marin‐Llera Jessica C. , Garcia‐Porrero Juan A. , Hurle Juan M. , Montero Juan A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing in combination with quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed a dynamic miRNA signature in the interdigital mesoderm of the chick embryonic hinlimb in the course of interdigit remodelling. During this period, 612 previously known chicken miRNAs (gga‐miRNAs) and 401 non‐identified sequences were expressed in the interdigital mesoderm. Thirty‐six microRNAs, represented by more than 750 reads per million, displayed differential expression between stages HH29 (6 id) and HH32 (7.5 id), which correspond to the onset and the peak of interdigital cell death. Twenty miRNAs were upregulated by at least 1.5‐fold, and sixteen were downregulated by at least 0.5‐fold. Upregulated miRNAs included miRNAs with recognized proapoptotic functions in other systems (miR‐181 family, miR‐451 and miR‐148a), miRNAs associated with inflammation and cell senescence (miR‐21 and miR‐146) and miRNAs able to induce changes in the extracellular matrix (miR‐30c). In contrast, miRNAs with known antiapoptotic effects in other systems, such as miR‐222 and miR‐205, became downregulated. In addition, miR‐92, an important positive regulator of cell proliferation, was also downregulated. Together, these findings indicate a role for miRNAs in the control of tissue regression and cell death in a characteristic morphogenetic embryonic process based on massive apoptosis.
Saturated salt solution: a further step to a formaldehyde‐free embalming method for veterinary gross anatomy
Authors: Lombardero M. , Yllera M. M. , Costa‐e‐Silva A. , Oliveira M. J. , Ferreira P. G. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn the field of veterinary anatomy, most of the specimens used in practical sessions are perfused with fixatives. Thus, they can be used for a longer time, reducing the number of animals for educational purposes. Formalin is the most commonly used fixative, consisting of a 37% formaldehyde solution. However, formaldehyde is a powerful irritant of the eyes and airways and is considered carcinogenic, causing nasopharyngeal cancer in exposed workers and professionals. In the present study, we explored an alternative method to avoid the use of formaldehyde in specimens used for gross anatomy practical sessions. We propose an inexpensive, non‐toxic fixative that is available worldwide, such as sea salt. This method consists of a continuous perfusion of saturated salt solution for a period of 6–8 h, enabling drainage of the solution to avoid a weight increase of the specimen, and allowing salt to be retained in the tissue. The method is based on recirculation of the saturated salt solution instead of maceration. Perfused specimens retained their natural consistency and joint mobility, with no blood, resembling a piece of meat from the slaughterhouse. They could be used immediately without a maceration period, or stored in the fridge until use and then kept in a bath of saturated salt solution for future conservation. In the case of the former, no refrigeration was needed. The specimens did not have an irritating or offensive smell, and could be used for long sessions (several hours per day) and stored for long periods. However, the blood vessels used for perfusion determine the results: a less invasive approach (through common carotid arteries) gave good preservation of the musculoskeletal system, whereas more invasive access to cannulate the abdominal aorta and vena cava caudalis was required to achieve better preservation of the viscera. In conclusion, we propose that perfusion followed by immersion in a saturated salt solution is a good alternative method for the preservation of specimens used in the practical teaching of gross veterinary anatomy. It is a very simple and inexpensive technique, and is much healthier for users than traditional formalin. Moreover, specimens can be preserved for prolonged periods, and maintain a similar appearance and consistency to fresh material.
Human skin gene expression doesn't correlate with protein expression? Unless both parameters are quantified
Authors: Lephart Edwin D. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryMany cosmetic companies utilize in vitro gene array studies to display significant stimulation or inhibition of various human skin biomarkers to validate in vivo actions that are reported to enhance dermal health. This follows the central dogma of DNA‐to‐RNA results in protein expression; however, gene and protein expressions do not usually correlate. Unless both gene and protein expressions are quantified which require further investigational time and investment. Where data are available, this short commentary displays the in vitro comparison of four human skin biomarkers for the gene and protein expressions of the stimulation of collagen type I and elastin and the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 3, when equol was tested. The results demonstrate a good correspondence between gene and protein expressions for the human skin biomarkers tested.
Empirical and pragmatic adequacy of grounded theory: Advancing nurse empowerment theory for nurses' practice
Authors: Udod Sonia A. , Racine Louise 
Published: May 2017

Aims and objectiveTo draw on the findings of a grounded theory study aimed at exploring how power is exercised in nurse–manager relationships in the hospital setting, this paper examines the empirical and pragmatic adequacy of grounded theory as a methodology to advance the concept of empowerment in the area of nursing leadership and management.BackgroundThe evidence on staff nurse empowerment has highlighted the magnitude of individual and organisational outcomes, but has not fully explicated the micro‐level processes underlying how power is exercised, shared or created within the nurse–manager relationship. Although grounded theory is a widely adopted nursing research methodology, it remains less used in nursing leadership because of the dominance of quantitative approaches to research. Grounded theory methodology provides the empirical and pragmatic relevance to inform nursing practice and policy. Grounded theory is a relevant qualitative approach to use in leadership research as it provides a fine and detailed analysis of the process underlying complexity and bureaucracy.DesignDiscursive paper.MethodA critical examination of the empirical and pragmatic relevance of grounded theory by (Corbin & Strauss, , ) as a method for analysing and solving problems in nurses' practice is provided.ConclusionsThis paper provides evidence to support the empirical and pragmatic adequacy of grounded theory methodology. Although the application of the ontological, epistemological and methodological assumptions of grounded theory is challenging, this methodology is useful to address real‐life problems in nursing practice by developing theoretical explanations of nurse empowerment, or lack thereof, in the workplace.Relevance to clinical practiceGrounded theory represents a relevant methodology to inform nursing leadership research. Grounded theory is anchored in the reality of practice. The strength of grounded theory is to provide results that can be readily applied to clinical practice and policy as they arise from problems that affect practice and that are meaningful to nurses.
Pregnancy and pelvic girdle pain: Analysis of pelvic belt on pain
Authors: Bertuit Jeanne , Van Lint Charlotte Eloise , Rooze Marcel , Feipel Véronique 
Published: May 2017

Aims and objectivesTo analyse pain and functional capacity in women with pelvic girdle pain and to evaluate the effect of pelvic belt on these parameters. Two types of belts were to compare.BackgroundPelvic girdle pain is very common during pregnancy. To prevent and relieve pelvic pain, women can use a set of techniques and tools such as a pelvic belt. While scientific evidence is lacking, commercial industries suggest the effectiveness of pelvic belts.DesignRandomised control trial.MethodsForty‐six pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain were evaluated. Pain analysis included a quantitative and a qualitative assessment. A daily activities questionnaire was used for functional capacity evaluation. Women were tested at two times during the pregnancy for a longitudinal evaluation, and they used one of the two belt models during their pregnancy.ResultsPelvic pain started between the 14th–21st week of pregnancy. Pain intensity was 60 ± 20 mm. Daily activities could increase pain. The use of belts reduced pain. The intensity of pain decreased by 20 mm on a visual analogue scale. The daily activities were also easier. However, all these conclusions are valid only if pregnant women used belts regularly on short periods.ConclusionsThe belts appear to be interesting tools to reduce pelvic pain and improve comfort of pregnant women. This effect might be explained by an analgesic effect with proprioceptive and biomechanical effect. The different types of belts could have differential effects on global, sacroiliac joint and back pain during pregnancy, but this hypothesis requires confirmation.Relevance to clinical practiceRelevant for patient: to use an easy and validated tool. Relevant for clinical practice: to suggest a tool scientifically validated for patient. Relevant to economic issues: belts decrease pelvic pain and increase comfort of pregnant women. Sick leave could decrease.
Conflict when making decisions about dialysis modality
Authors: Chen Nien‐Hsin , Lin Yu‐Ping , Liang Shu‐Yuan , Tung Heng‐Hsin , Tsay Shiow‐Luan , Wang Tsae‐Jyy 
Published: May 2017

Aims and objectivesTo explore decisional conflict and its influencing factors on choosing dialysis modality in patients with end‐stage renal diseases. The influencing factors investigated include demographics, predialysis education, dialysis knowledge, decision self‐efficacy and social support.BackgroundMaking dialysis modality decisions can be challenging for patients with end‐stage renal diseases; there are pros and cons to both haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Patients are often uncertain as to which one will be the best alternative for them. This decisional conflict increases the likelihood of making a decision that is not based on the patient's values or preferences and may result in undesirable postdecisional consequences. Addressing factors predisposing patients to decisional conflict helps to facilitate informed decision‐making and then to improve healthcare quality.DesignA predictive correlational cross‐sectional study design was used.MethodsSeventy patients were recruited from the outpatient dialysis clinics of two general hospitals in Taiwan. Data were collected with study questionnaires, including questions on demographics, dialysis modality and predialysis education, the Dialysis Knowledge Scale, the Decision Self‐Efficacy scale, the Social Support Scale, and the Decisional Conflict Scale.ResultsThe mean score on the Decisional Conflict Scale was 29.26 (SD = 22.18). Decision self‐efficacy, dialysis modality, predialysis education, professional support and dialysis knowledge together explained 76.4% of the variance in decisional conflict.ConclusionsIndividuals who had lower decision self‐efficacy, did not receive predialysis education on both haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, had lower dialysis knowledge and perceived lower professional support reported higher decisional conflict on choosing dialysis modality.Relevance to clinical practiceWhen providing decisional support to predialysis stage patients, practitioners need to increase patients' decision self‐efficacy, provide both haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis predialysis education, increase dialysis knowledge and provide professional support.
Risk factors for burnout among caregivers working in nursing homes
Authors: Kandelman Nadia , Mazars Thierry , Levy Antonin 
Published: May 2017

Aims and objectives(i) To assess the level of burnout in nursing home caregivers within a unique healthcare network in France and (ii) to evaluate potential risk factors in this population.BackgroundBurnout syndrome occurs frequently among nursing home caregivers and has strong detrimental effects on the quality of health care for residents.DesignWe used an observational survey to study burnout in nursing home caregivers. The survey was used to quantify burnout level (Maslach Burnout Inventory) and potential risk factors and was implemented from October 2013–April 2014.MethodsA logistic regression was used to explore the association between burnout and its risk factors.ResultsThree hundred and sixty questionnaires were delivered to caregivers in 14 nursing homes within a unique healthcare network. The response rate was 37% (132/360), and 124/132 (94%) surveys were analysed. Caregiver burnout rate was 40% (49/124). Median age was 41 years (range, 20–70) and most caregivers were female. The most common profession (n = 54; 44%) was nurse caregiver and 90% (n = 112) had an antecedent of bullying by a resident. Risk factors identified were as follows: the presence of institutional protocols (death announcement [OR: 3.7] and pain assessment [OR: 2.8]), working in a profit‐making establishment (OR: 2.6) and the antecedent of bullying by a resident (OR: 6.2). Factors most negatively associated with burnout included: practising pastimes (OR: 0.4) and working as a nurse (OR: 0.3). The only significant risk factor in the multivariate analysis was the antecedent of bullying by a resident (OR: 5.3).ConclusionSeveral specific risk factors for burnout in nursing home caregivers were identified.Relevance to clinical practiceIn high‐risk populations of healthcare professionals, screening and management of risk factors is crucial for preventing burnout.
Family functioning and perceived support from nurses during cancer treatment among Danish and Australian patients and their families
Authors: Dieperink Karin B. , Coyne Elisabeth , Creedy Debra K. , Østergaard Birte 
Published: May 2017

Aims and objectivesThis study aimed to compare family functioning and perceptions of support from nurses among Danish and Australian adult oncology patients and family members.BackgroundFamily can have a strong influence on the health of individuals, providing support during a health crisis such as cancer. However, family functioning and supportive care from nurses may vary across cultures and settings.Design and methodsA descriptive, cross‐sectional comparative design with patients and family members from Denmark and Australia. Participants were asked to fill in translated versions of the Iceland‐Expressive Family Functioning Questionnaire (ICE‐EFFQ) and Iceland‐Expressive Family Perceived Support Questionnaire (ICE‐FPSQ).ResultsIn total, 232 participants were recruited. The Danish cohort consisted of 56 patients and 54 family members. The Australian cohort consisted of 83 patients and 39 family members. Mean age was 59 years. No significant differences were found between Danish and Australian families. However, compared to patients, family members reported significantly lower overall family functioning, expressive emotions and communication, as well as less emotional support from nurses.ConclusionsFamily functioning was comparable between Denmark and Australia. Family members reported less emotional support than patients. Nurses need to consider the patient and the family as a unit with complex needs that require monitoring and attention during oncology treatment.Implications for practiceFamilies supporting a member with cancer have significant and often unmet needs. Assessment, information‐sharing and health education need to include the family. Supportive care information may be shared between Denmark and Australia and inspires the development of common guidelines for optimal family nursing practice.
Levels of anxiety in parents in the 24 hr before and after their child's surgery: A descriptive study
Authors: Pomicino Laura , Maccacari Elena , Buchini Sara 
Published: May 2017

Aims and objectivesTo (i) investigate pre‐ and postoperative anxiety levels in parents of surgical patients; (ii) identify factors that affect parental anxiety; and (iii) analyse assistance provided and overall parental satisfaction to assess whether and how this aspect can impact their anxiety level.BackgroundSurgery as an event generates anxiety in children and their parents. Children who are anxious before surgery are likely to develop more postoperative psychological and physiological complications than those who are not. The role parents play in influencing emotional states of their children has been well demonstrated. However, specific national programmes aimed at helping parents develop new models for coping are relatively inexistent in Italy.Study designLongitudinal study.MethodsOne hundred and one parents of children undergoing surgery at a healthcare facility in Padua, Italy, completed the Italian version of the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y questionnaire. They also answered questions about their parents' socio‐demographic situation, the amount and quality of preoperative information received, assistance provided and their overall satisfaction with this information.ResultsThe preoperative level of anxiety in parents who were interviewed was higher than Italian normative data, especially in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and Pediatric Urology departments. Mothers had a significantly higher level of anxiety than fathers. Communicating possible complications of surgical procedures increased anxiety, while providing information about pre‐ and postsurgery nutrition and pain management and providing local anaesthetic on children decreased parental anxiety. Parents expressed a sufficiently high level of satisfaction although they defined the hospital environment as uncomfortable.ConclusionsAspects of care that can make hospitalisation less traumatic for parents are as follows: greater support, involving them in the treatment process, improving hospital department admission procedures and providing thorough preoperative information.Relevance to clinical practiceHealthcare professionals are encouraged to pay attention to communication modalities providing detailed information to parents.
The impact of a structured preoperative protocol on day of surgery cancellations
Authors: Turunen Elina , Miettinen Merja , Setälä Leena , Vehviläinen‐Julkunen Katri 
Published: May 2017

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate the impact of implementing an evidence‐based, structured preoperative protocol on day of surgery cancellations in 13 operative specialties.BackgroundSurgery cancellations cause unnecessary harm for patients and organisations as many cancellations could be prevented. Preoperative care has developed in recent years, and several preoperative interventions have been introduced. However, the optimal model for organising preoperative care remains unknown. Cancellations are a commonly used indicator when evaluating the success of preoperative care.DesignObservational study with two study phases: before and after.MethodsThe cancellation data were collected from the hospital register from 1 September 2013–31 May 2014 (n = 591) and from September 2015–May 2016 (n = 542). The compliance rate of the preoperative protocol was evaluated in group sessions (n = 13) during spring 2016 using the participation of preoperative healthcare professionals (n = 49). The data were analysed statistically.ResultsCancellation rates varied between 1.6%–9.7% (in the first phase) and between 1.5%–7.7% (in the second phase). A remarkable decrease was found in patients who failed to attend their scheduled procedures. The mean of compliance to the preoperative protocol across all specialties was 82.3%. A correlation between the rate of cancellation and the rate of compliance with the preoperative protocol was found.ConclusionsA preoperative protocol promotes the scheduled arrival of surgical patients to the hospital and therefore decreases cancellation rates.Relevance to clinical practiceAn evidence‐based preoperative care protocol should be introduced for all healthcare professionals working in preoperative care to ensure smooth, safe and high‐quality care for surgical patients.
Longitudinal Transmission of Conflict Management Styles Across Inter‐Parental and Adolescent Relationships
Authors: Staats Soundry , van der Valk Inge E. , Meeus Wim H. J. , Branje Susan J. T. 
Published: May 2017

This study longitudinally investigated transmission of conflict management styles across inter‐parental, adolescent–parent, adolescent–friend, and adolescent–partner relationships. During four waves, 799 middle‐to‐late adolescents (Mage‐t1 = 15.80; 54% boys) and their parents completed the Conflict Resolution Style Inventory. Cross‐lagged path analyses indicated transmission of adolescent conflict management styles in relationships with parents to relationships with friends and romantic partners: Positive problem solving and conflict engagement utilized by adolescents in conflicts with parents were significantly, positively related to, respectively, adolescent positive problem solving and conflict engagement in relationships with friends 1 year later and relationships with partners 2 years later. Thus, the study showed that the way adolescents manage conflicts with parents predicts how they handle conflicts later in relationships outside the family.
Prediction of long‐term clinical outcome in a diverse chronic hepatitis B population: Role of the PAGE‐B score
Authors: Brouwer W. P. , van der Meer A. J. P. , Boonstra A. , Plompen E. P. C. , Pas S. D. , de Knegt R. J. , de Man R. A. , ten Kate F. J. W. , Janssen H. L. A. , Hansen B. E. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryAn abundance of noninvasive scores have been associated with fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. We aimed to compare the prognostic ability of these scores in relation to liver histology in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Liver biopsies from treatment‐naïve CHB patients at one tertiary care centre were scored by a single hepato‐pathologist. Laboratory values at liver biopsy were used to calculate the PAGE‐B, REACH‐B, GAG‐HCC, CU‐HCC and FIB‐4 scores. Any clinical event was defined as HCC development, liver failure, transplantation and mortality. HCC and mortality data were obtained from national database registries. Of 557 patients, 40 developed a clinical event within a median follow‐up of 10.1 (IQR 5.7‐15.9) years. The PAGE‐B score predicted any clinical event (C‐statistic.86, 95% CI: 0.80‐0.92), HCC development (C‐statistic .91) and reduced transplant‐free survival (C‐statistic .83) with good accuracy, also when stratified by ethnicity, antiviral therapy after biopsy or advanced fibrosis. The C‐statistics (95% CI) of the REACH‐B, GAG‐HCC, CU‐HCC and FIB‐4 scores for any event were .70 (0.59‐0.81), .82 (0.75‐0.89), .73 (0.63‐0.84) and.79 (0.69‐0.89), respectively. The PAGE‐B event risk assessment improved modestly when combined with the Ishak fibrosis stage (C‐statistic .87, 95% CI: 0.82‐0.93). The PAGE‐B score showed the best performance in assessing the likelihood of developing a clinical event among a diverse CHB population over 15 years of follow‐up. Additional liver histological characteristics did not appear to provide a clinically significant improvement.