bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes in coronary artery disease patients with sleepy obstructive sleep apnoea on CPAP
Authors: Peker Yüksel , Thunström Erik , Glantz Helena , Wegscheider Karl , Eulenburg Christine 
Published: December 2017

Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) have increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) compared with CAD patients without OSA. We aimed to address if the risk is similar in both groups when OSA patients are treated.This study was a parallel observational arm of the RICCADSA randomised controlled trial, conducted in Sweden between 2005 and 2013. Patients with revascularised CAD and OSA (apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥15 events·h−1) with daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≥10) were offered continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (n=155); CAD patients with no OSA (AHI <5 events·h−1) acted as controls (n=112), as a randomisation of sleepy OSA patients to no treatment would not be ethically feasible. The primary end-point was the first event of MACCEs. Median follow-up was 57 months.The incidence of MACCEs was 23.2% in OSA patientsversus16.1% in those with no OSA (adjusted hazard ratio 0.96, 95% CI 0.40–2.31; p=0.923). Age and previous revascularisation were associated with increased risk for MACCEs, whereas coronary artery bypass grafting at baseline was associated with reduced risk.We conclude that the risk for MACCEs was not increased in CAD patients with sleepy OSA on CPAP compared with patients without OSA.
Asthma phenotypes: do cough and wheeze predict exacerbations in persistent asthma?
Authors: Morjaria Jaymin B. , Rigby Alan S. , Morice Alyn H. 
Published: December 2017

Little is known of the long-term symptom profile in uncontrolled asthma and whether symptoms can predict distinct phenotypes. The primary objective of these analyses was to assess diurnal profile of cough and wheeze in an uncontrolled asthma population. Secondary outcomes were to examine how these symptom profiles influence response to treatment.Twice-daily electronically recorded data from 1701 patients were examined in relation to the population demographics. Reliever treatment with salbutamol was then compared with extra-fine beclometasone/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy (MART). Exacerbation frequency was then correlated with the symptom profile.Symptoms were commoner in older patients with an increased body mass index. In most patients, reported cough and wheeze were closely correlated (r=0.73). Two phenotypes of cough- and wheeze-predominant patients were identified; the former were overweight, older females and the latter older males. Diurnal symptoms of cough and wheeze were similarly attenuated by both therapies. MART reduced exacerbation frequency by a third compared with salbutamol, and this effect was greatest in patients with fewest reported symptoms.While cough and wheeze are highly correlated in uncontrolled asthma, some patients predominantly have cough whereas others wheeze. Symptoms and exacerbation frequency appear poorly associated, suggesting an alternative pathophysiology. MART may be the preferred option in those with fewest symptoms.
Novel magnetic resonance technique for functional imaging of cystic fibrosis lung disease
Authors: Nyilas Sylvia , Bauman Grzegorz , Sommer Gregor , Stranzinger Enno , Pusterla Orso , Frey Urs , Korten Insa , Singer Florian , Casaulta Carmen , Bieri Oliver , Latzin Philipp 
Published: December 2017

Lung function tests are commonly used to monitor lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). While practical, they cannot locate the exact origin of functional impairment. Contemporary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques provide information on the location of disease but the need for contrast agents constrains their repeated application. We examined the correlation between functional MRI, performed without administration of contrast agent, and lung clearance index (LCI) from nitrogen multiple-breath washout (N2-MBW).40 children with CF (median (range) age 12.0 (6–18) years) and 12 healthy age-matched controls underwent functional and structural MRI and lung function tests on the same day. Functional MRI provided semiquantitative measures of perfusion (RQ) and ventilation (RFV) impairment as percentages of affected lung volume. Morphological MRI was evaluated using CF-specific scores. LCI measured global ventilation inhomogeneity.MRI detected functional impairment in CF:RFV19–38% andRQ16–35%.RFVandRQcorrelated strongly with LCI (r=0.76, p<0.0001 and r=0.85, p<0.0001, respectively), as did total morphology score (r=0.81, p<0.0001). All indices differed significantly between patients with CF and healthy controls (p<0.001).Noninvasive functional MRI is a promising method to detect and visualise perfusion and ventilation impairment in CF without the need for contrast agents.
Promoting a Restrictive Intraoperative Transfusion Strategy: The Influence of a Transfusion Guideline and a Novel Software Tool
Authors: Picton Paul , Starr Jordan , Kheterpal Sachin , Thompson Aleda M. L. , Housey Michelle , Sathishkumar Subramanian , Dubovoy Timur , Kirkpatrick Nathan , Tremper Kevin K. , Engoren Milo , Ramachandran Satya Krishna 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND:
The effect of neither transfusion guidelines nor decision support tools on intraoperative transfusion has been previously evaluated. The University of Michigan introduced a transfusion guideline in 2009, and in 2011, the Department of Anesthesiology developed a transfusion decision support tool. The primary aim of this study was to assess the associations of the transfusion guideline and the optional use of the software transfusion tool with intraoperative behaviors; pretransfusion hematocrit assessment (whether or not a hematocrit was checked before each red cell unit) and restrictive red cell use (withholding transfusion unless the hematocrit was ≤21%).

METHODS:
This was a before–after retrospective study without a concurrent control group of patients transfused 1–3 units of red cells intraoperatively. Three phases were studied to provide data both before and after the implementation of the transfusion guideline and the intraoperative software tool. Within each phase, trends of checking hematocrits before transfusion and restrictive transfusion were charted against time. F tests were used to measure differences of slopes. The difference between means of each phase was measured using Mann-Whitney U tests. Independent associations were measured using mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression. A secondary outcome analysis was conducted for 30-day mortality, myocardial infarction, renal injury, and their combination.

RESULTS:
The transfusion guideline was associated with increased pretransfusion hematocrit evaluation (67.4%, standard deviation [SD] 3.9 vs 76.5%, SD 2.7; P < .001) and restrictive transfusion practice (14.0%, SD 7.4 vs 33.3%, SD 4.4; P = .001). After adjustment for confounders, the guideline phase was independently associated with increased hematocrit checking (odds ratio, 1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.46–2.03; P < .001) and restrictive red cell transfusion (odds ratio, 2.95; 95% confidence interval, 2.46–3.54; P < .001). The software tool was not associated with either transfusion behavior. There was no significant change in the rate of renal injury (16.06%), myocardial injury (4.93%), 30-day mortality (5.47%), or a composite (21.90%).

CONCLUSIONS:
The introduction of a transfusion guideline was independently associated with increased intraoperative pretransfusion hematocrit assessment and restrictive transfusion. The use of a software tool did not further influence either behavior.
Impact of Inhalational Anesthetics on Liver Regeneration After Living Donor Hepatectomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Jung Kyeo-Woon , Kim Wan-Joon , Jeong Hye-Won , Kwon Hye-Mee , Moon Young-Jin , Jun In-Gu , Song Jun-Gol , Hwang Gyu-Sam 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND:
Although desflurane and sevoflurane, the most commonly used inhalational anesthetics, have been linked to postoperative liver injury, their impact on liver regeneration remains unclear. We compared the influence of these anesthetics on the postoperative liver regeneration index (LRI) after living donor hepatectomy (LDH).

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective chart review of 1629 living donors who underwent right hepatectomy for LDH between January 2008 and August 2016. The patients were divided into sevoflurane (n = 1206) and desflurane (n = 423) groups. Factors associated with LRI were investigated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Propensity score matching analysis compared early (1 postoperative week) and late (within 1–2 months) LRIs and delayed recovery of hepatic function between the 2 groups.

RESULTS:
The mean early and late LRIs in the 1629 patients were 63.3% ± 41.5% and 93.7% ± 48.1%, respectively. After propensity score matching (n = 403 pairs), there were no significant differences in early and late LRIs between the sevoflurane and desflurane groups (early LRI: 61.2% ± 41.5% vs 58.9% ± 42.4%, P = .438; late LRI: 88.3% ± 44.3% vs 94.6% ± 52.4%, P = .168). Male sex (regression coefficient [β], 4.6; confidence interval, 1.6–7.6; P = .003) and remnant liver volume (β, –4.92; confidence interval, –5.2 to –4.7; P < .001) were associated with LRI. The incidence of delayed recovery of hepatic function was 3.6% (n = 29) with no significant difference between the 2 groups (3.0% vs 4.2%, P = .375) after LDH.

CONCLUSIONS:
Both sevoflurane and desflurane can be safely used without affecting liver regeneration and delaying liver function recovery after LDH.
Radio encubierta. Propuestas musicales desde las ondas universitarias
Authors: López-Vidales Nereida , Gómez-Rubio Leire 
Published: December 2017

Los jóvenes de hoy sintonizan la radio preferentemente para escuchar música. Esta afirmación nos llevaría a pensar que, aunque las audiencias de la radio generalista no aumentarían, sí lo harían las cadenas musicales. En 2016, sin embargo, los índices de penetración de esta radio temática en España marcan una tendencia a la baja entre los jóvenes de 13 a 25 años; ¿Cuál es el problema que subyace en esta situación al margen de los nuevos condicionamientos tecnológicos? ¿Es solo una cuestión de hábitos de consumo mediático diferentes o tiene relación también con el contenido en sí? Nos acercamos a las parrillas de las emisoras universitarias españolas en las que estos jóvenes llevan a cabo sus primeros proyectos radiofónicos para ver si responden a las preferencias manifestadas en las encuestas y en qué cambian respecto a los programas ya existentes en las cadenas actuales. El estudio concluye, entre otras, con la idea de que los jóvenes plantean escasos programas musicales y huyen de la radio-fórmula.
A problem with the analysis of type Ia supernovae
Authors: Crawford David F. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Type Ia supernovae have light curves that have widths and magnitudes that can be used for testing cosmologies and they provide one of the few direct measurements of time dilation. It is shown that the standard analysis that calibrates the light curve against a rest-frame average (such as SALT2) removes all the cosmological information from the calibrated light curves. Consequently type Ia supernovae calibrated with these methods cannot be used to investigate cosmology. The major evidence that supports the hypothesis of a static universe is that the measurements of the widths of the rawlight curves of type Ia supernovae do not show any time dilation. The intrinsicwavelength dependence shown by the SALT2 calibration templates is also consistent with no time dilation. Using a static cosmological model the peak absolute magnitudes of raw type Ia supernovae observations are also independent of redshift. These results support the hypothesis of a static universe.
Cu(OH)x-clay catalyst promoted synthesis of 4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazole at room temperature
Authors: Dar Bashir Ahmad , Zaheer Zahed , Fatema Samreen , Farooqui Mazahar 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn easy and efficient scheme is described and designed for the preparation of 4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazole using recyclable Cu(OH)x-clay heterogeneous catalyst at room temperature. The cycloaddition reaction is carried out between imine and oxime using an easy protocol where nitrile oxides are producedin situfrom aldoximes and reacted with imines to form 1,2,4-oxadiazolines in good yield and tremendous purity. Cu(OH)x-clay catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity for the formation of 1,2,4-oxadiazole. This technique is practically uncomplicated, inexpensive, and excellent with a wide range of functional group tolerance to generate structurally different 1,2,4-oxadiazoles. The prepared catalyst was investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The final products of the synthesized compound were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies.
Efficacy of Tamarindus indicus, Melia azadirach and Santalum album in syndromic management of abnormal vaginal discharge: A single-blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bhat Tabasum Ali , Begum Wajeeha 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
At least 25 % of women attending genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics receive treatment for one of the three common causes of abnormal vaginal discharge: bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis and trichomoniasis. Syndromic diagnostic approach was adopted by National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) India, at the primary health centre level. Syndromic management implies the simultaneous treatment of two or more infections. The aim of this study was to assess efficacy of sandal sufaid, maghze tukhme bakayin and khaste tamar hindi in syndromic management of Sailanur rehm.

Methods
This study was a randomized, single blind, standard controlled trial. It was conducted to compare efficacy of formulation which contains buradae sandal safaid, safoofe maghze tukhme bakayin, safoofe khaste tamar hindi and safoofe shakkar safaid against combination of azithromycin, fluconazole and secnidazole on diagnosed subjects of Sailanur rehm. Test group received 10 g of test drug B.D for 21 days while control group received single dose of standard drug to both the partners. Vaginal symptom score (VSS) was used for assessing discharge and associated complaints. Visual analogous scale (VAS) was used for assessing low backache and lower abdominal pain.

Results
There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning baseline characteristics (p>0.05). VSS was significantly decreased with p<0.001 for both control and test group. VAS was significantly decreased with p<0.001 and p=0.07 in test and control group respectively for low backache. For lower abdominal pain p=0.006 for both groups after the completion of treatment.

Conclusions
The formulation can effectively alleviate the disease with associated symptoms without any side effects. It can be used in syndromic management of vaginal discharge. Future research is on large sample size.
Surface decontamination in fuel manufacture plants by chelating solution of nanoparticles
Authors: Morsi T. M. , Elbarbary Ahmed M. , Ghobashy Mohamed M. , Othman Sameh H. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
A nanoparticles chelating solution was synthesized by copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) and methacrylic acid (MAA) by radiation induced polymerization technique using 17 kGy irradiation doses. A high copolymer yield was obtained by using 80/20% of AN/MAA and comonomer concentration of 50% (w/w) at a dose rate of 2.58 KGy/h. The resultant cyano group (–CN) of nano-poly(AN/MAA) was converted by chemical modification using hydroxylamine (NH2–OH) to an amidoxime group [–C(=NOH)NH2], which was then confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The physico-chemical properties of poly(AN/MAA) and amidoximated poly(AN/MAA) nanoparticles were studied by FTIR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The morphological analysis by TEM and DLS showed a spherical and uniform size of the amidoximated poly(AN/MAA) nanoparticles. TGA results indicated that the thermal stability of poly(AN/MAA) increased by the amidoximation process. The surface decontamination due to uranium was also investigated by the prepared chelating nanoparticles solution. A high purity germanium detector (HPGe) was used as a surface contamination detection tool. The results showed the presence of peaks at different energies, namely, 186.2 keV for Ra-226 (U-238) and 143.76 keV, 163.35 keV and 205.31 for U-235 before the decontamination process. The disappearance of these peaks after decontamination confirmed the applicability and efficiency of the nanoparticles solution in uranium surface decontamination.
Selection Mapping Identifies Loci Underpinning Autumn Dormancy in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
Authors: Munjal Gitanshu , Hao Jingjie , Teuber Larry R , Brummer E Charles 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Autumn dormancy in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is associated with agronomically important traits including regrowth rate, maturity, and winter survival. Historical recurrent selection experiments have been able to manipulate the dormancy response. We hypothesized that artificial selection for dormancy phenotypes in these experiments had altered allele frequencies of dormancy-related genes. Here, we follow this hypothesis and analyze allele frequency changes using genome-wide polymorphisms in the pre- and postselection populations from one historical selection experiment. We screened the nondormant cultivar CUF 101 and populations developed by three cycles of recurrent phenotypic selection for taller and shorter plants in autumn with markers derived from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). We validated the robustness of our GBS-derived allele frequency estimates using an empirical approach. Our results suggest that selection mapping is a powerful means of identifying genomic regions associated with traits, and that it can be exploited to provide regions on which to focus further mapping and cloning projects.
Joint Analysis of Strain and Parent-of-Origin Effects for Recombinant Inbred Intercrosses Generated from Multiparent Populations with the Collaborative Cross as an Example
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Xiong Sican , Sun Wei , Zou Fei 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Multiparent populations (MPP) have become popular resources for complex trait mapping because of their wider allelic diversity and larger population size compared with traditional two-way recombinant inbred (RI) strains. In mice, the collaborative cross (CC) is one of the most popular MPP and is derived from eight genetically diverse inbred founder strains. The strategy of generating RI intercrosses (RIX) from MPP in general and from the CC in particular can produce a large number of completely reproducible heterozygote genomes that better represent the (outbred) human population. Since both maternal and paternal haplotypes of each RIX are readily available, RIX is a powerful resource for studying both standing genetic and epigenetic variations of complex traits, in particular, the parent-of-origin (PoO) effects, which are important contributors to many complex traits. Furthermore, most complex traits are affected by &gt;1 genes, where multiple quantitative trait locus mapping could be more advantageous. In this paper, for MPP-RIX data but taking CC-RIX as a working example, we propose a general Bayesian variable selection procedure to simultaneously search for multiple genes with founder allelic effects and PoO effects. The proposed model respects the complex relationship among RIX samples, and the performance of the proposed method is examined by extensive simulations.
Peer relationship and adolescent smartphone addiction: The mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of the need to belong
Authors: Wang Pengcheng , Zhao Meng , Wang Xingchao , Xie Xiaochun , Wang Yuhui , Lei Li 
Published: December 2017

Background and aims
Adolescent smartphone addiction has received increased attention in recent years, and peer relationship has been found to be a protective factor in adolescent smartphone. However, little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relation. The aim of this study was to investigate (a) the mediating role of self-esteem in the association between student–student relationship and smartphone addiction, and (b) the moderating role of the need to belong in the indirect relationship between student–student relationship and adolescent smartphone addiction.

Methods
This model was examined with 768 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 16.81 years, SD = 0.73); the participants completed measurements regarding student–student relationship, self-esteem, the need to belong, and smartphone addiction.

Results
The correlation analyses indicated that student–student relationship was significantly negatively associated with adolescent smartphone addiction, and the need to belong was significantly positively associated with adolescent smartphone addiction. Mediation analyses revealed that self-esteem partially mediated the link between student-student relationship and adolescent smartphone addiction. Moderated mediation further indicated that the mediated path was weaker for adolescents with lower levels of the need to belong.

Discussion and conclusion
High self-esteem could be a protective factor against smartphone addiction for adolescents with a strong need to belong as these students appeared to be at elevated risk of developing smartphone addiction.
Racial and Ethnic Composition of Cancer Clinical Drug Trials: How Diverse Are We?
Authors: Dickmann Leslie J. , Schutzman Jennifer L. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Many approved drugs demonstrate different pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and/or safety across racial and ethnic groups. The primary objective of the current study was to summarize the racial and ethnic makeup of cancer clinical drug trials using cancer drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between January 1, 2010, and July 31, 2016. In clinical studies used for FDA approvals, 82.3% of participants identified as white, 10.2% as Asian, 2.3% as black, and 4.7% as Hispanic. Black participants made up 7.7% of U.S. and Canadian cancer clinical drug trials and 2.6% of global cancer clinical drug trials while Asian participants made up 13.5% of global cancer clinical drug trials but only 1.8% of U.S. and Canadian cancer clinical drug trials. The current study indicates that although cancer clinical drug trials have become more inclusive of Asian participants, other racial and ethnic minority groups remain under-represented. This may result in an inadequate understanding of drug safety and efficacy in many racial and ethnic populations.
Extreme Prostate-Specific Antigen Response to Infusional 5-Flourouracil in Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Manogue Charlotte , Ledet Elisa , Guddati A. Kumar , Lewis Brian , Sartor Oliver 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Prostate cancer that has progressed after androgen deprivation, abiraterone, and taxane therapy is challenging to treat successfully. Herein we report a dramatic response to continuous-infusion 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) at a dose of 200 mg/m2 in a patient with rapidly progressive, heavily pretreated, metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Baseline prostate-specific antigen values declined from 1,890 ng/mL to &lt;1 ng/mL after 5-FU therapy. We hypothesized that prostate-specific membrane antigen overexpression may result in cancer cells uniquely susceptible to antifolate therapies.