bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Agility Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Raikin Steven , Kane Justin M. , Beck David , Sandrowski Kristin , Winters Brian S. 
Published: October 2016

Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Ankle arthritis is a debilitating condition causing severe functional impairment. In contrast to degenerative arthritis of the knee and hip, ankle arthritis is typically post-traumatic and affects a younger population. While arthrodesis has been the gold standard of surgical treatment for this condition, significant improvements in total ankle arthroplasty have made it a viable alternative for select patients. As the Agility total ankle implant has the longest follow-up in the United States, the purpose of this study is to look at mid-term follow up of patients with this implant. Methods: Following IRB approval, a retrospective review of prospectively collected data was conducted on 127 consecutive Agility total ankle arthroplasties between 2001-2010 performed by one fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeon. Patient charts were reviewed to collect demographics including age, gender, BMI, diabetes, inflammatory arthropathy, tobacco, FAAM, SF-12, and VAS pain scores. In addition, a five-view radiographic series was obtained to determine coronal alignment, overall arc of motion, tibiotalar component motion, zones of osteolysis, and subsidence. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed and a linear regression analysis was used to predict implant failure. A multivariate regression analysis was used to assess whether radiographic measures were predictive of patient satisfaction. Results: 90 of 115 still had their primary implant. 105 were available to participate (average 9.1 years follow-up). Twenty-five had their implant removed. Average FAAM-ADL score was 82.4, FAAM-sport score 55.3, post-operative VAS pain score 12.7, SF-12 physical score 45.8 and SF-12 Mental 56.1. Average motion across the implant was 22.3° and 6.3° in adjacent joints. Osteolysis occurred on average at 2.3 zones, significant at zones 1 and 6. No differences were found for rate or location of subsidence. Linear regression analysis demonstrated younger patients, inflammatory and atraumatic arthritis lead to higher likelihoods of revision. No correlation was detected between radiographic parameters of implant success and outcome scores. Significant reduction in VAS pain scores was detected at an average of 8 years (mean difference of 67.64). Conclusion: Our results are consistent with what has been described in the literature. Survivorship approaches 70.9% at an average of 8 years. Patients that have retained their original implant are functioning at a high level of satisfaction based on statistically validated patient-centered outcome scores. Interestingly, this is independent of the radiographic appearance of their implant. Advanced age at the time of surgery was predictive of failure with younger patients having a higher likelihood of requiring secondary surgery and the pre-operative diagnosis was also predictive of failure with both inflammatory arthritis and atraumatic arthritis.
The Application of Calcaneal Z Osteotomy in Treating Type ⅡB Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity
Authors: Zhu Yuan 
Published: October 2016

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: A retrospective control study to evaluate the application of calcaneal Z osteotomy in treating type ⅡB adult acquired flatfoot deformity. Methods: From September 2011 to March 2013, 20 cases of typeⅡB adult acquired flatfoot (according to Myerson’s classification) were treated by calcaneal Z osteotomy combined with medial soft tissue reconstructing. There were 4 males and 16 females with a mean age of 52.6 years (range 49 to 72 years). A Z osteotomy of the calcaneus was performed instead of a lateral column lengthening or a double calcaneal osteotomy for purpose of correct the forefoot abduction and hind foot valgus deformity. The medial soft tissue procedure included posterior tibial tendon resection and Flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and radiological assessments were used to evaluate the conditions before and after operation. Results: Eventually, 19 patients were followed up with an average duration of 26.5 months (range, 18-56 months). AOFAS scores were 80-90 points in 11 patients, 90-100 points in 6 patients and the excellent and good rate was 89% (17/19). The specific indexes of X-ray improved obviously (P < 0.01). The anteroposterior talocalcaneal angle decreased by 12°, lateral talar first metatarsal angle decreased by 15°, and talonavicular coverage angle decreased by 7°. There was no calcaneal-cuboid joint symptom in this group of patients. All these cases got good bone healing. Conclusion: The calcaneal Z osteotomy can correct the hind-foot deformity in three dimensions and can act as a lateral column lengthening in treating type ⅡB adult acquired flatfoot. The complication of this procedure is minimal.
The Extensile Lateral Approach to the Calcaneus and the Sural Nerve
Authors: Smyth Niall A. , Zachwieja Erik C. , Buller Leonard T. , Miranda Alejandro D. , Steinlauf Steven D. 
Published: October 2016

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Sural nerve related symptoms following the extensile lateral approach to the calcaneus (ELA) are a known postoperative complication despite awareness of the course the sural nerve. While the main trunk of the sural nerve and its location relative to the ELA have been previously described, the nerve gives rise to lateral calcaneal branches (LCBs) that may be at risk of injury. The relation of the LCBs to the ELA has not been previously reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to describe the course of the sural nerve and its LCBs in relation to the ELA. Methods: 17 cadaveric foot specimens were dissected, exposing the sural nerve and the LCBs. A line representing the ELA incision was then created. It was noted if the line crossed any of the LCBs, how many branches were crossed, and at what distance they were crossed using the distal tip of the fibula as a reference. Results: The sural nerve was identified in all specimens, and the main trunk was noted to cross the path of the ELA in no specimens. At least one LCB of the sural nerve was identified in all specimens. The mean number of LCBs was 2 (range, 1 – 4). The ELA crossed the path of at least one LCB in 15 specimens (88%). The mean number of LCBs that were crossed by the path of the ELA was 1 (range, 0 – 3) The mean distance from the distal tip of the fibula at which an LCB was encountered along the ELA path was 2.4 cm (+/- 1.2) posterior and 2.6 cm (+/- 1.6) inferior. Conclusion: The ELA traverses the paths of the LCBs in the majority of specimens, potentially accounting for the presence of sural nerve postoperative symptoms despite careful dissection.
The Subtalar Arthroscopic Findings After Osteosynthesis for Calcaneal Fractures
Authors: Tanaka Hirofumi , Nishifuru Kyota , Sakai Tatsuya , Motooka Tsutomu 
Published: October 2016

Category: Arthroscopy Introduction/Purpose: A Sanders type II-IV calcaneal fracture is an intrarticular fracture of the subtalar joint, which may shift to traumatic osteoarthritis. We therefore perform open reduction and plate fixation in order to obtain a good reduction in such fractures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the subtalar arthroscopy after osteosynthesis for calcaneal fractures. Methods: We performed subtalar arthroscopy in fifteen patients (male, n=12; female, n=3; mean age, 54.9) between September 2010 and April 2014 who had some complaints at the time of plate removal after the treatment of calcaneal fractures. The mean follow-up period was 9.1 months. The Sanders classifications were as follows: Type I (n=1), Type II (n=5), Type III (n=7) and Type IV (n=1). All of the cases had bone union. There was no cases of reduction failure. Observation and joint synovectomy was performed during subtalar arthroscopy, which was performed under lumbar anesthesia. Plate removal was performed after the completion of subtalar arthroscopy. Results: The average AOFAS score improved from 82 points preoperatively to 94 points postoperatively. There were no complications. The formation of intra-articular fibrous tissues and adhesion of the subtalar joint were observed during arthroscopy in all cases; traumatic articular cartilage injuries were found in 10 cases (67%); and synovitis around peroneal tendon was found in 13 cases (87%). Pain and displeasure improved after the resection of fibrous tissues and synovectomy. Conclusion: A patient who had an articular cartilage injury complained of low-level pain. Subtalar arthroscopy is a valuable tool after calcaneal fractures.
Alveolar macrophage development in mice requires L-plastin for cellular localization in alveoli
Authors: Todd Elizabeth M. , Zhou Julie Y. , Szasz Taylor P. , Deady Lauren E. , D’Angelo June A. , Cheung Matthew D. , Kim Alfred H. J. , Morley Sharon Celeste 
Published: October 2016

Key PointsA key transition from the prealveolar macrophage precursor to mature alveolar macrophage is impaired in neonatal mice lacking LPL. Genetic impairment of neonatal alveolar macrophage development associates with impaired clearance of a pulmonary pathogen in adult animals.
Systems analysis uncovers inflammatory Th/Tc17-driven modules during acute GVHD in monkey and human T cells
Authors: Furlan Scott N. , Watkins Benjamin , Tkachev Victor , Cooley Sarah , Panoskaltsis-Mortari Angela , Betz Kayla , Brown Melanie , Hunt Daniel J. , Schell John B. , Zeleski Katie , Yu Alison , Giver Cynthia R. , Waller Edmund K. , Miller Jeffrey S. , Blazar Bruce R. , Kean Leslie S. 
Published: October 2016

Key PointsThe transcriptional networks controlling breakthrough acute GVHD can be mapped, and correlate closely with clinical disease. Breakthrough acute GVHD is transcriptionally controlled by T-cell persistence, inflammation, and Th/Tc17 skewing.
Replication of associations between genetic polymorphisms and chronic graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Martin Paul J. , Fan Wenhong , Storer Barry E. , Levine David M. , Zhao Lue Ping , Warren Edus H. , Flowers Mary E. D. , Lee Stephanie J. , Carpenter Paul A. , Boeckh Michael , Hingorani Sangeeta , Yan Li , Hu Qiang , Preus Leah , Liu Song , Spellman Stephen , Zhu Xiaochun , Pasquini Marcelo , McCarthy Philip , Stram Daniel , Sheng Xin , Pooler Loreall , Haiman Christopher A. , Sucheston-Campbell Lara , Hahn Theresa , Hansen John A. 
Published: October 2016

Key PointsMost published SNP associations with chronic GVHD are likely to represent false-positive findings. HRs for any true-positive SNP associations are likely to be much smaller than reported previously.
Residential radon,EGFRmutations andALKalterations in never-smoking lung cancer cases
Authors: Ruano-Ravina Alberto , Torres-Durán María , Kelsey Karl T. , Parente-Lamelas Isaura , Leiro-Fernández Virginia , Abdulkader Ihab , Abal-Arca José , Montero-Martínez Carmen , Vidal-García Iria , Amenedo Margarita , Castro-Añón Olalla , Golpe-Gómez Antonio , González-Barcala Javier , Martínez Cristina , Guzmán-Taveras Rosirys , Provencio Mariano , Mejuto-Martí María José , Fernández-Villar Alberto , Barros-Dios Juan Miguel 
Published: October 2016

The aim of this study was to assess if residential radon exposure might causeEGFRmutations orALKrearrangements in never-smokers.We designed a multicentre case–control study in a radon-prone area (Galicia, Spain); only lung cancer cases were included in the study. We obtained residential radon measurements and clinical information for all the participants. We compared the median values of residential radon between patients withEGFRmutations orALKrearrangementsversusthose without them.323 patients were included. Median age was 70 years and 19.5% were males. 42 and 15% of patients wereEGFR- andALK-positive, respectively. The most frequentEGFRalterations were exon 19 deletions and exon 21 (L858R) single-point substitution mutations.ALK-positive patients were 10 years younger thanALK-negative patients. Residential radon levels were two-fold higher in patients with exon 19 deletions compared with patients with exon 21 (L858R) single-point substitution mutations (216versus118 Bq·m−3; p=0.057). There were no differences in residential radon levels byEGFRmutation status.ALK-positive patients (n=12) essentially had two-fold residential radon levels compared withALK-negative patients (290versus164 Bq·m−3, respectively).Residential radon may have a role in the molecular signature of lung cancer in never-smokers, although more studies with larger sample sizes are needed to support this hypothesis.
Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 reference equations for spirometry in the Norwegian population
Authors: Langhammer Arnulf , Johannessen Ane , Holmen Turid L. , Melbye Hasse , Stanojevic Sanja , Lund May B. , Melsom Morten N. , Bakke Per , Quanjer Philip H. 
Published: October 2016

We studied the fit of the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) all-age reference values to Norwegians, compared them with currently used references (European Community for Steel and Coal (ECSC) and Zapletal) and estimated the prevalence of obstructive lung disease.Spirometry data collected in 30 239 subjects (51.7% females) aged 12–90 years in three population-based studies were converted to z-scores.We studied healthy non-smokers comprising 2438 adults (57.4% females) aged 20–90 years and 8725 (47.7% female) adolescents aged 12–19 years. The GLI-2012 prediction equations fitted the Norwegian data satisfactorily. Median±sdz-scores were respectively 0.02±1.03, 0.01±1.04 and −0.04±0.91 for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC in males, and −0.01±1.02, 0.07±0.97 and −0.21±0.82 in females. The ECSC and Zapletal references significantly underestimated FEV1and FVC. Stricter criteria of obstruction (FEV1/FVC <GLI-2012 lower limit of normal (LLN)) carried a substantially higher risk of obstructive characteristics than FEV1/FVC <0.7 and >GLI-2012 LLN. Corresponding comparison regarding myocardial infarction showed a four-fold higher risk for women.The GLI-2012 reference values fit the Norwegian data satisfactorily and are recommended for use in Norway. Correspondingly, the FEV1/FVC GLI-2012 LLN identifies higher risk of obstructive characteristics than FEV1/FVC <0.7.
Exercise pulmonary haemodynamics predict outcome in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Stamm Adriana , Saxer Stéphanie , Lichtblau Mona , Hasler Elisabeth D. , Jordan Suzana , Huber Lars C. , Bloch Konrad E. , Distler Oliver , Ulrich Silvia 
Published: October 2016

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of exercise haemodynamics measured during right heart catheterisation (RHC) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) referred for evaluation of pulmonary hypertension.SSc patients undergoing RHC at rest and during maximal supine incremental cycle exercise were grouped into resting precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PHrest) (mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ≥25 mmHg, pulmonary artery wedge pressure <15 mmHg), exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension (PHex) (mPAP ≥30 mmHg and mPAP/cardiac output >3 mmHg·L−1·min−1at maximal exercise), and without pulmonary hypertension (PHnone). Patients' characteristics, haemodynamics and follow up data were compared between groups.72 SSc patients were followed for median (interquartile range) 33 (15–55) months. Mean (95% CI) survival without transplantation estimated by Kaplan-Meyer analysis was 4.4 (0.8–2.9) years in PHrest(n=17), 5.2 (4.4–6.1) years in PHex(n=28) and 9.5(8.4–10.6) years in PHnone(n=27; p<0.05versusothers). In Cox regression models, the exercise-induced increase in mPAP (hazard ratio (HR) 1.097, 95% CI 1.002–1.200) and the coefficient of pulmonary vascular distensibility alpha (HR 0.100, 95% CI 0.012–0.871) controlled for age, but not resting haemodynamics predicted transplant-free survival.Among SSc patients with normal mPAP at rest, an excessive increase in mPAP during exercise and an impaired vascular distensibility may indicate an early stage of pulmonary vasculopathy, associated with reduced survival similar to resting pulmonary hypertension patients.
Severe asthma exists despite suppressed tissue inflammation: findings of the U-BIOPRED study
Authors: Wilson Susan J. , Ward Jonathan A. , Sousa Ana R. , Corfield Julie , Bansal Aruna T. , De Meulder Bertrand , Lefaudeux Diane , Auffray Charles , Loza Matthew J. , Baribaud Frederic , Fitch Neil , Sterk Peter J. , Chung Kian Fan , Gibeon David , Sun Kai , Guo Yi-ke , Adcock Ian , Djukanovic Ratko , Dahlen Barbro , Chanez Pascal , Shaw Dominick , Krug Norbert , Hohlfeld Jens , Sandström Thomas , Howarth Peter H. 
Published: October 2016

The U-BIOPRED study is a multicentre European study aimed at a better understanding of severe asthma. It included three steroid-treated adult asthma groups (severe nonsmokers (SAn group), severe current/ex-smokers (SAs/ex group) and those with mild–moderate disease (MMA group)) and healthy controls (HC group). The aim of this cross-sectional, bronchoscopy substudy was to compare bronchial immunopathology between these groups.In 158 participants, bronchial biopsies and bronchial epithelial brushings were collected for immunopathologic and transcriptomic analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis of glycol methacrylate resin-embedded biopsies showed there were more mast cells in submucosa of the HC group (33.6 mm−2) compared with both severe asthma groups (SAn: 17.4 mm−2, p<0.001; SAs/ex: 22.2 mm−2, p=0.01) and with the MMA group (21.2 mm−2, p=0.01). The number of CD4+lymphocytes was decreased in the SAs/ex group (4.7 mm−2) compared with the SAn (11.6 mm−2, p=0.002), MMA (10.1 mm−2, p=0.008) and HC (10.6 mm−2, p<0.001) groups. No other differences were observed.Affymetrix microarray analysis identified seven probe sets in the bronchial brushing samples that had a positive relationship with submucosal eosinophils. These mapped toCOX-2(cyclo-oxygenase-2),ADAM-7(disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 7),SLCO1A2(solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2),TMEFF2(transmembrane protein with epidermal growth factor like and two follistatin like domains 2) andTRPM-1(transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1); the remaining two are unnamed.We conclude that in nonsmoking and smoking patients on currently recommended therapy, severe asthma exists despite suppressed tissue inflammation within the proximal airway wall.
Excess medical costs in patients with asthma and the role of comorbidity
Authors: Chen Wenjia , Lynd Larry D. , FitzGerald J. Mark , Marra Carlo A. , Balshaw Robert , To Teresa , Tavakoli Hamid , Sadatsafavi Mohsen 
Published: October 2016

Asthmatic patients frequently have comorbidities, but the role of comorbidities in the economic burden of asthma is unclear. We examined the excess direct medical costs, including asthma- and comorbidity-related costs, in patients with asthma.We created a propensity score-matched cohort of patients newly diagnosed with asthma and non-asthmatic comparison subjects, both aged 5–55 years, from health administrative data (1997–2012) in British Columbia, Canada. Health services use records were categorised into 16 major disease categories based on International Classification of Diseases codes. Excess costs (in 2013 Canadian dollars ($)) were estimated as the adjusted difference in direct medical costs between the two groups.Average overall excess costs were estimated at $1058/person-year (95% CI 1006–1110), of which $134 (95% CI 132–136) was attributable to asthma and $689 (95% CI 649–730) to major comorbidity classes. Psychiatric disorders were the largest component of excess comorbidity costs, followed by digestive disorders, diseases of the nervous system, and respiratory diseases other than asthma. Comorbidity-attributable excess costs greatly increased with age but did not increase over the time course of asthma.These findings suggest that both asthma and comorbidity-related outcomes should be considered in formulating evidence-based policies and guidelines for asthma management.
Risk of developing tuberculosis disease among persons diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection in the Netherlands
Authors: Erkens Connie G.M. , Slump Erika , Verhagen Maurits , Schimmel Henrieke , Cobelens Frank , van den Hof Susan 
Published: October 2016

Diagnosis and preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among high-risk groups is recommended to achieve tuberculosis (TB) elimination in low-incidence countries.We studied TB incidence rates among those notified with LTBI in the Netherlands from 2005 to 2013 and analysed associated risk factors. We stratified analyses by target group for screening, and by initiation and completion of preventive treatment.The incidence for those completing, stopping and not receiving preventive treatment was 187, 436 and 355 per 100 000 person-years for contacts of TB patients, respectively, and 63, 96 and 110 per 100 000 person-years for other target groups. The rate ratio for TB development among contacts compared to other target groups was 3.1 (95% CI 2.0–4.9). In both groups, incidence was highest in the first year after diagnosis. Independent factors associated with progression to TB among contacts were age <5 years and stopping preventive treatment within 28 days compared to those not receiving preventive treatment. Among other target groups, being foreign born was the only risk factor associated with the risk of developing TB.We conclude that the epidemiological impact of preventive treatment is highest in contacts of TB patients and limited in other target groups for LTBI management in the Netherlands.
Prospective validation of right ventricular role in primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation
Authors: Pérez-Terán Purificación , Roca Oriol , Rodríguez-Palomares José , Ruiz-Rodríguez Juan C. , Zapatero Ana , Gea Joaquim , Serra Joaquim , Evangelista Arturo , Masclans Joan R. 
Published: October 2016

Primary graft dysfunction is a significant cause of lung transplant morbidity and mortality, but its underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. The aims of the present study were: 1) to confirm that right ventricular function is a risk factor for severe primary graft dysfunction; and 2) to propose a clinical model for predicting the development of severe primary graft dysfunction.A prospective cohort study was performed over 14 months. The primary outcome was development of primary graft dysfunction grade 3. An echocardiogram was performed immediately before transplantation, measuring conventional and speckle-tracking parameters. Pulmonary artery catheter data were also measured. A classification and regression tree was made to identify prognostic models for the development of severe graft dysfunction.70 lung transplant recipients were included. Patients who developed severe primary graft dysfunction had better right ventricular function, as estimated by cardiac index (3.5±0.8versus2.6±0.7 L·min−1·m−2, p<0.01) and basal longitudinal strain (−25.7±7.3%versus−19.5±6.6%, p<0.01). Regression tree analysis provided an algorithm based on the combined use of three variables (basal longitudinal strain, pulmonary fibrosis disease and ischaemia time), allowing accurate preoperative discrimination of three distinct subgroups with low (11–20%), intermediate (54%) and high (75%) risk of severe primary graft dysfunction (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.81).Better right ventricular function is a risk factor for the development of severe primary graft dysfunction. Preoperative estimation of right ventricular function could allow early identification of recipients at increased risk, who would benefit the most from careful perioperative management in order to limit pulmonary overflow.