bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Symmetry Analysis and Conservation Laws of the AKNS System
Authors: Zhao Zhonglong , Han Bo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The Lie symmetry analysis is applied to study the Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur (AKNS) system of water wave model. The AKNS system can be obtained from a dispersive-wave system via a variable transformation. Lie point symmetries and corresponding point transformations are determined. The optimal system of one-dimensional subalgebras is presented. On the basis of the optimal system, the similarity reductions and the invariant solutions are obtained. Some conservation laws are derived using the multipliers. In addition, the AKNS system is quasi self-adjoint. The conservation laws associated with the symmetries are also constructed.
Shoulder Joint and Muscle Characteristics Among Weight-Training Participants With and Without Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Kolber Morey J. , Hanney William J. , Cheatham Scott W. , Salamh Paul A. , Masaracchio Michael , Liu Xinliang 
Published: July 2016

AbstractKolber, MJ, Hanney, WJ, Cheatham, SW, Salamh, PA, Masaracchio, M, and Liu, X. Shoulder joint and muscle characteristics among weight-training participants with and without impingement syndrome.J Strength Cond Res31(4): 1024–1032, 2017—Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) has been reported as an etiological source of shoulder pain among weight-training (WT) participants; however, a paucity of evidence exists to describe intrinsic risk factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate specific risk-related joint and muscle adaptations among WT participants identified as having SIS based on a previously validated clinical testing cluster. Fifty-five men (mean age 27.3 years) who participated in recreational WT a minimum of 2 d·wk−1were recruited, including 24 individuals with SIS and 31 without SIS serving as controls. Active range of motion (AROM), bodyweight-adjusted strength values, and strength ratios were compared between groups. Significant differences were present as WT participants with SIS had decreased internal and external rotation AROM (p≤ 0.016) and decreased bodyweight-adjusted strength values of the external rotator and lower trapezius musculature (p≤ 0.02) when compared with WT participants without SIS. Select strength ratios were greater in the SIS group (p≤ 0.004) implying agonist to antagonist muscle imbalances. The impaired joint and muscle characteristics identified among WT participants with SIS are not without consequence, as they are associated with shoulder disorders in both general and athletic populations. Practical applications for these findings may reside in exercise prescription that addresses internal rotation mobility, mitigates training bias, and favors muscles responsible for stabilization, such as the external rotators and lower trapezius. Strength and conditioning professionals should consider risk-related adaptations associated with WT when prescribing upper-extremity exercises.
The Possible Role of TASK Channels in Rank-Ordered Recruitment of Motoneurons in the Dorsolateral Part of the Trigeminal Motor Nucleus
Authors: Okamoto Keiko , Emura Norihito , Sato Hajime , Fukatsu Yuki , Saito Mitsuru , Tanaka Chie , Morita Yukako , Nishimura Kayo , Kuramoto Eriko , Xu Yin Dong , Furutani Kazuharu , Okazawa Makoto , Kurachi Yoshihisa , Kaneko Takeshi , Maeda Yoshinobu , Yamashiro Takashi , Takada Kenji , Toyoda Hiroki , Kang Youngnam 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBecause a rank-ordered recruitment of motor units occurs during isometric contraction of jaw-closing muscles, jaw-closing motoneurons (MNs) may be recruited in a manner dependent on their soma sizes or input resistances (IRs). In the dorsolateral part of the trigeminal motor nucleus (dl-TMN) in rats, MNs abundantly express TWIK (two-pore domain weak inwardly rectifying K channel)-related acid-sensitive-K+channel (TASK)-1 and TASK3 channels, which determine the IR and resting membrane potential. Here we examined how TASK channels are involved in IR-dependent activation/recruitment of MNs in the rat dl-TMN by using multiple methods. The real-time PCR study revealed that single large MNs (>35 μm) expressed TASK1 and TASK3 mRNAs more abundantly compared with single small MNs (15–20 μm). The immunohistochemistry revealed that TASK1 and TASK3 channels were complementarily distributed in somata and dendrites of MNs, respectively. The density of TASK1 channels seemed to increase with a decrease in soma diameter while there were inverse relationships between the soma size of MNs and IR, resting membrane potential, or spike threshold. Dual whole-cell recordings obtained from smaller and larger MNs revealed that the recruitment of MNs depends on their IRs in response to repetitive stimulation of the presumed Ia afferents. 8-Bromoguanosine-cGMP decreased IRs in small MNs, while it hardly changed those in large MNs, and subsequently decreased the difference in spike-onset latency between the smaller and larger MNs, causing a synchronous activation of MNs. These results suggest that TASK channels play critical roles in rank-ordered recruitment of MNs in the dl-TMN.
BECOMING OF SUBJECT FIELD OF CONTEMPORARY VISUAL STUDIES
Authors: Tormakhova A. M. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose of the work is to analyze the trends of contemporary visual studies that represent a combination of visual presentations of social and cultural communities and traditions. The task is to make an attempt to highlight main theories leading authors to create a coherent system of concepts related to the field of visual studies. The methodology involves an appeal to the philosophical, cultural, cultural-anthropological concepts that define the specificity of contemporary visual studies. The works of Western scholars like P. Bourdieu, U. Eco, U. Mitchell, N. Mirzoeff, S. Pink, G. Rose, J. Rubi, P. Shtompka, N. Underberg, E. Zorn are also involved. In the article presented the theory of A. Usmanova and S. Avanesov. Originality lies in the creation of a single integrated approach to the visual review. There were clarified the concepts that form the basis of visual studies: visual culture, visual turn and visual practice. The results can be used for the training course "Visual practices and communication." The conclusions indicated that the study of practical areas, including the study of the phenomenon of fashion, the visual design of the city, cinema and photography, advertising and television is important, both in the west and in the national philosophy. Perceptions and practices of various forms of visual presentation serve as communication. They pointed out that the study provides a visual environment to attract a large array of material, which is typically analyzed within disciplines philosophical, cultural and anthropological circles. Using an interdisciplinary approach will contribute to the development of a single methodology, which can be involved in the analysis of all phenomena of visual culture.
AMBIGUOUS JANUS OF MODERN DEMOCRACY
Authors: Khmil Volodymyr V. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to analyze ambiguous concept of democracy as a phenomenon of political and social formation based on political and instrumental approach. As a result, some deep fundamentals of human social existence and values as social life basis are blurred. Task. The task of this investigation is to reveal the concept of democracy in its invariative philosophical meaning and find the consequences of global social transformations towards social entropy. Methods of investigation. To implement the task an activity approach has been used with further possibility to single out two approaches - politological and philosophical. The focus on democracy from philosophic point of view makes possible to anticipate negative entropic processes that lead to future ambiguity. Subject matter. Chaotic social processes can result in ruined family, spiritual, legal and moral formations. Regulatory and legal paradigms are becoming less effective and entail disintegration of spiritual and value constituents of worldview causing necessary conditions for social entropy. Originality and Findings. Possible threats for human freedom that hinder the way to targeted prospects of mankind have been considered in the paper. Thus, taking into account all positive aspects of democracy, it is simultaneously becoming the tool of continuous differentiation of society into tiny autonomous communities similar to nomadic atomization of society. The concept based on moral substantial existence basis as in “axis time” by K. Jaspers that can prevent social entropy resulting in world anthropologic catastrophes has been grounded in the present research.
Afrontamiento, estrés parental y calidad de vida de los cuidadores principales de personas TEA || Coping, parental stress and quality of life of primary caregivers of people with ASD
Authors: Durán Montserrat , García-Fernández Manuel , Fernández Juan Carlos , Sanjurjo Beatriz 
Published: July 2016

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar la calidad de vida de los cuidadores principales de personas con TEA. Para ello se contó con una muestra de 50 cuidadores de personas con TEA con edades comprendidas entre 2 y 35 años. Además de la calidad de vida, se evaluaron las estrategias de afrontamiento y el estrés parental. Los resultados mostraron que (1) el estrés parental, las estrategias de afrontamiento y la calidad de vida no se asocia significativamente con la etapa evolutiva de la persona con TEA; (2) la calidad de vida en los dominios psicológico, social y ambiental es peor en los cuidadores con niveles de estrés parental clínicamente significativos; y (3) la calidad de vida en el dominio psicológico es mejor entre quienes utilizan estrategias de afrontamiento más adaptativas, como el apoyo social o la reevaluación positiva. Por el contrario, la utilización de estrategias del tipo reacción agresiva, evitación emocional o dificultades de afrontamiento se relaciona con una peor calidad de vida en los dominios psicológico, social y ambiental.
Reseña del libro: A investigación educativa en Galicia 2002-2014 || Review of the book: Educational research in Galicia 2002-2014
Authors: Barca-Enríquez Eduardo 
Published: July 2016

Reseña de: Santos Rego, M. A. (Ed.) (2016). A investigación educativa en Galicia 2002-2014. Vigo: Galaxia. 518 pp. ISBN: 978-84-9865-697-8. Depósito legal: VG 253-2016.Se trata de la obra que recoge las principales aportaciones a la investigación educativa en Galicia entre los años 2002 y 2014. Se relacionan las principales investigaciones realizadas, las tesis doctorales leídas, los libros, capítulos de libros/monografías, artículos publicados en relación con las principales áreas y núcleos temáticos relacionados con la educación como, entre otras, la psicología y la educación, las dificultades de aprendizaje, trastornos del desarrollo, tecnología educativa, formación de profesores, fundamentos teóricos, filosóficos y sociológicos de la educación; didáctica, organización escolar e innovación educativa… Es una obra dirigida a toda persona interesada por los temas educativos en sus diferentes ámbitos y con el objetivo de adecuar la educación en Galicia a las necesidades sociales en la actualidad.
Relación entre el recuerdo y el vaticinio de emociones hacia las ciencias por los profesores en formación inicial || Relationship between memory and prediction of emotions towards sciences by pre-service teachers
Authors: Borrachero Ana-Belén , Dávila María-Antonia , Costillo Emilio , Bermejo María-Luisa 
Published: July 2016

Diferentes investigaciones ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de estudiar el dominio afectivo en el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje de las ciencias, pues se ha justificado que el desarrollo de actitudes positivas, a través del fomento de emociones y sentimientos positivos, facilitan un cambio en las expectativas y creencias hacia la materia, evitando el alejamiento de los estudiantes al campo científico. Con esta investigación se pretende conocer qué emociones recuerdan haber experimentado los futuros profesores de Secundaria como alumnos de ciencias y qué emociones vaticinan experimentar al enseñar contenidos científicos en sus prácticas docentes, con el fin de encontrar una relación entre el recuerdo y el vaticinio de sus emociones en ciencias. La muestra está constituida por 83 estudiantes del Máster Universitario en Formación del Profesorado de Educación Secundaria de la Universidad de Extremadura, matriculados en tres especialidades de la rama de ciencias: Biología/Geología, Física/Química y Matemáticas. Los resultados obtenidos nos indican que las emociones que experimentaron como estudiantes de ciencias de Educación Secundaria (Biología, Geología, Física, Química y Matemáticas) son principalmente positivas, al igual que las emociones que vaticinan experimentar en sus prácticas docentes. Además, no existen diferencias significativas al comparar las emociones experimentadas en las materias de ciencias entre el recuerdo y el vaticinio. Este último dato nos lleva a afirmar que el enseñar contenidos científicos les provocará las mismas emociones que experimentaron como estudiantes de ciencias, es decir, que sus emociones como estudiantes se han transferido a su labor como docente.
Efficacy of 0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate for Non‐Surgical Treatment of Peri‐Implant Mucositis
Authors: Menezes Karyna M. , Fernandes‐Costa Anderson N. , Silva‐Neto Reinaldo D. , Calderon Patrícia S. , Gurgel Bruno C.V. 
Published: July 2016

Background:Because peri‐implant mucositis may progress to peri‐implantitis, effective treatment resulting in resolution of inflammation could prevent peri‐implantitis. Current treatment protocols for this condition are still unpredictable. The purpose of this study is to analyze efficacy of non‐surgical treatment for patients with peri‐implant mucositis during a 6‐month follow‐up period.Methods:This controlled, randomized, double‐masked clinical trial included 37 patients diagnosed with peri‐implant mucositis, randomly assigned into test group (basic periodontal therapy + 0.12% chlorhexidine) with 61 implants; and control group (basic periodontal therapy + placebo) with 58 implants. Therapy consisted of adaptation of the full‐mouth scaling and root planing protocol. Clinical parameters of visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured in implants and were evaluated at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months post‐therapy. Data were analyzed using the split‐plot analysis of variance and χ2tests with a significance level of 5%.Results:Intragroup analysis showed that VPI, GBI, PD, and BOP presented statistically significant improvements compared with baseline. No statistically significant differences were found between the test and control groups at any time.Conclusions:Both isolated mechanical therapy and its association with 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash reduced peri‐implant mucositis. Therefore, 0.12% of chlorhexidine was not more effective than placebo.
Evaluation of Antiulcer Activity of Different Extracts of Clitoria ternatea Leaves on Experimental Animals
Authors: Abhishek Saxena  , Anil Middha  , Vikas Saxena  , Pankaj Mishra  
Published: July 2016

We planned to evaluate the antiulcer effects of four different extract of Clitoria ternatea leaves. Gastric lesions were induced in rats by oral administration of Indomethacin (10 ml/kg). The antiulcer activity of Petroleum ether, Chloroform, Methanol and aqueous extract of Clitoria ternatea leaves (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body wt) was compared with standard drugs. The parameters studied were ulcer index, gastric juice volume and pH of gastric juice. Clitoria ternatea leaves showed a dose dependent curative ratio compared to ulcer control groups. Pretreatment with extract displayed significant antiulcer activity which is almost equal to that of the standard drug. The volume of acid secretion, and ulcer index were decreased and pH of the gastric juice was increased compared to ulcer control group. The petroleum extract showed maximum antiulcer activity compared to other extract.
Narrativas, consumo e informação: a identidade como processo de transposição do regional para o global
Authors: Bazi Rogério Eduardo Rodrigues , Fabbri Jr. Duílio 
Published: July 2016

<p>O consumo das mídias sociais por todas as classes socioeconômicas e culturais no Brasil tem criado novas formas de mobilização e organização, que alteram a dinâmica de interação entre os atores da sociedade. Os indivíduos desses novos movimentos estão crescendo em número e se organizando cada vez mais, premidos e impulsionados pelas novas possibilidades de comunicação. Um fato jornalístico reproduzido por um portal regional ganha contornos que ultrapassam seus limites definidas pela cultura local e alcança novas esferas na plataforma web. Não tentaremos, neste texto, dar respostas a todas as questões que estão se formando nesse processo, o que ultrapassaria em muito sua ambição, mas refletir sobre fenômenos atuais, novas esferas públicas e públicos.</p>
Optimized Mealtime Insulin Dosing for Fat and Protein in Type 1 Diabetes: Application of a Model-Based Approach to Derive Insulin Doses for Open-Loop Diabetes Management
Authors: Bell Kirstine J. , Toschi Elena , Steil Garry M. , Wolpert Howard A. 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVE
To determine insulin dose adjustments required for coverage of high-fat, high-protein (HFHP) meals in type 1 diabetes (T1D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Ten adults with T1D received low-fat, low-protein (LFLP) and HFHP meals with identical carbohydrate content, covered with identical insulin doses. On subsequent occasions, subjects repeated the HFHP meal with an adaptive model-predictive insulin bolus until target postprandial glycemic control was achieved.

RESULTS
With the same insulin dose, the HFHP increased the glucose incremental area under the curve over twofold (13,320 ± 2,960 vs. 27,092 ± 1,709 mg/dL ⋅ min; P = 0.0013). To achieve target glucose control following the HFHP, 65% more insulin was required (range 17%–124%) with a 30%/70% split over 2.4 h.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that insulin dose calculations need to consider meal composition in addition to carbohydrate content and provides the foundation for new insulin-dosing algorithms to cover meals of varying macronutrient composition.
Early Prediction of Developing Type 2 Diabetes by Plasma Acylcarnitines: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Sun Liang , Liang Liming , Gao Xianfu , Zhang Huiping , Yao Pang , Hu Yao , Ma Yiwei , Wang Feijie , Jin Qianlu , Li Huaixing , Li Rongxia , Liu Yong , Hu Frank B. , Zeng Rong , Lin Xu , Wu Jiarui 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVE
Acylcarnitines were suggested as early biomarkers even prior to insulin resistance in animal studies, but their roles in predicting type 2 diabetes were unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether acylcarnitines could independently predict type 2 diabetes by using a targeted metabolic profiling approach.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A population-based prospective study was conducted among 2,103 community-living Chinese individuals aged 50–70 years from Beijing and Shanghai with a mean follow-up duration of 6 years. Fasting glucose, glycohemoglobin, and insulin were determined at baseline and in a follow-up survey. Baseline plasma acylcarnitines were profiled by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.

RESULTS
Over the 6-year period, 507 participants developed diabetes. A panel of acylcanitines, especially with long chain, was significantly associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The relative risks of type 2 diabetes per SD increase of the predictive model score were 2.48 (95% CI 2.20–2.78) for the conventional and 9.41 (95% CI 7.62–11.62) for the full model including acylcarnitines, respectively. Moreover, adding selected acylcarnitines substantially improved predictive ability for incident diabetes, as area under the receiver operator characteristic curve improved to 0.89 in the full model compared with 0.73 in the conventional model. Similar associations were obtained when the predictive models were established separately among Beijing or Shanghai residents.

CONCLUSIONS
A panel of acylcarnitines, mainly involving mitochondrial lipid dysregulation, significantly improved predictive ability for type 2 diabetes beyond conventional risk factors. These findings need to be replicated in other populations, and the underlying mechanisms should be elucidated.
Case series of ventriculopleural shunts in adults: a single-center experience
Authors: Craven Claudia , Asif Hasan , Farrukh Amna , Somavilla Flavia , Toma Ahmed K. , Watkins Laurence 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVEThe peritoneal cavity is widely used as the destination of choice for cerebrospinal fluid shunts. Various alternative sites have been used, particularly in the presence of certain contraindications. The pleural cavity has been used; however, a paucity of evidence details ventriculopleural (VPL) shunt survival, complication, and revision rates in adults. The aim of this study was to present a single center's experience with VPL shunts, identifying complication, revision, and survival rates.METHODSA single-center, retrospective case series analysis was conducted for VPL shunt insertions and revisions over a period of 5 years. Demographic as well as clinical data were collected. Ventriculopleural shunt survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and the log rank (Cox-Mantel) test.RESULTSTwenty-two VPL shunts were inserted in 19 patients. Median survival of the VPL shunts was 14 months. Pathological indication for the VPL shunt did not significantly affect survival. A total of 10 complications was observed: 2 infections, 2 cases of overdrainage, 2 obstructions, 1 distal catheter retraction, 2 symptomatic pleural effusions, and 1 asymptomatic pleural effusion.CONCLUSIONSVentriculopleural shunting is a safe and viable second-line procedure for cases in which ventriculoperitoneal shunts are unsuitable. While VPL shunts have a high revision rate, their complication rate is comparable to that of VP shunts. Ventriculopleural shunt survival can be improved by careful patient selection and the implementation of a combination of valves with antisiphon devices.
Human chorionic gonadotropin detection in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with a germinoma and its prognostic significance: assessment by using a highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay
Authors: Fukuoka Kohei , Yanagisawa Takaaki , Suzuki Tomonari , Shirahata Mitsuaki , Adachi Jun-ichi , Mishima Kazuhiko , Fujimaki Takamitsu , Katakami Hideki , Matsutani Masao , Nishikawa Ryo 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVE
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) can be detected in a certain population of patients with a germinoma, but the frequency of germinoma HCG secretion and the prognostic value of HCG in the CSF are unknown.

METHODS
The authors measured HCG levels in sera and CSF in patients with a histologically confirmed germinoma by using a highly sensitive assay known as an immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay (EIA), which is more than 100 times as sensitive as the conventional method, and they analyzed the correlation between HCG levels and the prognoses of patients with a germinoma.

RESULTS
HCG levels in sera and CSF of 35 patients with a germinoma were examined with the immune complex transfer EIA. The median CSF HCG levels in patients with a germinoma during the pretreatment and posttreatment evaluations were 192.5 pg/ml (range 1.2–13,116.5 pg/ml) and 18.7 pg/ml (1.2–283.9 pg/ml), respectively. Before treatment, the CSF HCG level was greater than the cutoff value in 85.7% of the patients with a germinoma. The authors compared survival rates among the patients by using a CSF HCG cutoff level of 1000 pg/ml, and the difference was statistically significant between the groups (p = 0.029, log-rank test).

CONCLUSIONS
Results of this study demonstrate that most germinomas secrete HCG. Patients with a germinoma that secretes higher amounts of HCG in their CSF experienced recurrence more frequently than those with lower CSF HCG levels.