bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of persistent or recurrent neoplasia in conservatively treated women with cervical adenocarcinoma in situ with negative histological margins
Authors: Munro Aime , Codde Jim , Spilsbury Katrina , Stewart Colin J.R. , Steel Nerida , Leung Yee , Tan Jason , Salfinger Stuart G. , Mohan Ganendra R. , Semmens James B. , Cohen Paul A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionConservative treatments including cold knife cone biopsy (CKC) or loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) are fertility‐preserving alternatives to hysterectomy. The risks of persistent cervical neoplasia in women with negative surgical margins following conservative treatment of adenocarcinoma‐in‐situ (AIS) are uncertain. This study aims to investigate the risk of persistent or recurrent cervical neoplasia [AIS, adenocarcinoma and/or high‐grade cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)] and compliance with follow‐up recommendations in conservatively treated women with AIS and negative histopathological margins.Material and methodsA retrospective, population‐based study of Western Australian women treated by CKC or LEEP for AIS between 2001 and 2012. Histopathology reports were reviewed for demographic information, treatment procedures and clinicopathological factors. Primary outcomes were the diagnosis of cervical neoplasia during follow‐up (defined as <12 months) and surveillance (≥12 months) periods.ResultsThe cohort comprised 360 women, with 175 (48.6%) initially treated by CKC and 185 (51.4%) treated by LEEP. The median patient age at time of excisional treatment was 30.0 years (range 18–64 years) and the median follow‐up time was 3.9 years (range six months to 12.2 years). During the follow‐up and surveillance periods, seven (1.9%) women were diagnosed with CIN 2/3, 10 (2.8%) with AIS, and one (0.3%) with cervical adenocarcinoma, despite their initial excision specimens having negative histological margins.ConclusionIn this study, there was a low but significant risk of persistent or recurrent cervical neoplasia in women who had initial conservative management of AIS with negative histopathological margins.
The innervation of the kidney in renal injury and inflammation: a cause and consequence of deranged cardiovascular control
Authors: Abdulla M. H. , Johns E. J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractExtensive investigations have revealed that renal sympathetic nerves regulate renin secretion, tubular fluid reabsorption and renal haemodynamics which can impact on cardiovascular homoeostasis normally and in pathophysiological states. The significance of the renal afferent innervation and its role in determining the autonomic control of the cardiovascular system is uncertain. The transduction pathways at the renal afferent nerves have been shown to require pro‐inflammatory mediators and TRPV1 channels. Reno‐renal reflexes have been described, both inhibitory and excitatory, demonstrating that a neural link exists between kidneys and may determine the distribution of excretory and haemodynamic function between the two kidneys. The impact of renal afferent nerve activity on basal and reflex regulation of global sympathetic drive remains opaque. There is clinical and experimental evidence that in states of chronic kidney disease and renal injury, there is infiltration of T‐helper cells with a sympatho‐excitation and blunting of the high‐ and low‐pressure baroreceptor reflexes regulating renal sympathetic nerve activity. The baroreceptor deficits are renal nerve‐dependent as the dysregulation can be relieved by renal denervation. There is also experimental evidence that in obese states, there is a sympatho‐excitation and disrupted baroreflex regulation of renal sympathetic nerve activity which is mediated by the renal innervation. This body of information provides an important basis for directing greater attention to the role of renal injury/inflammation causing an inappropriate activation of the renal afferent nerves as an important initiator of aberrant autonomic cardiovascular control.
Incidence and predictors of suicide attempts in bipolar I and II disorders: A 5‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Pallaskorpi Sanna , Suominen Kirsi , Ketokivi Mikko , Valtonen Hanna , Arvilommi Petri , Mantere Outi , Leppämäki Sami , Isometsä Erkki 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesFew long‐term studies on bipolar disorder (BD) have investigated the incidence and risk factors of suicide attempts (SAs) specifically related to illness phases. We examined the incidence of SAs during different phases of BD in a long‐term prospective cohort of bipolar I (BD‐I) and bipolar II (BD‐II) patients, and risk factors specifically for SAs during major depressive episodes (MDEs).MethodsIn the Jorvi Bipolar Study (JoBS), 191 BD‐I and BD‐II patients were followed using life‐chart methodology. Prospective information on SAs of 177 patients (92.7%) during different illness phases was available up to 5 years. The incidence of SAs and their predictors were investigated using logistic and Poisson regression models. Analyses of risk factors for SAs occurring during MDEs were conducted using two‐level random‐intercept logistic regression models.ResultsDuring the 5 years of follow‐up, 90 SAs per 718 patient‐years occurred. The incidence was highest, over 120‐fold higher than in euthymia, during mixed states (765/1000 person‐years; 95% confidence interval [CI] 461−1269 person‐years), and also very high in MDEs, almost 60‐fold higher than in euthymia (354/1000 person‐years; 95% CI 277−451 person‐years). For risk of SAs during MDEs, the duration of MDEs, severity of depression, and cluster C personality disorders were significant predictors.ConclusionsWe confirmed in this long‐term study that the highest incidences of SAs occur in mixed and major depressive illness phases. The variations in incidence rates between euthymia and illness phases were remarkably large, suggesting that the question “when” rather than “who” may be more relevant for suicide risk in BD. However, risk during MDEs is likely also influenced by personality factors.
Order-Restricted Inference for Means with Missing Values
Authors: Wang Heng , Zhong Ping-Shou 
Published: February 2017

SummaryMissing values appear very often in many applications, but the problem of missing values has not received much attention in testing order-restricted alternatives. Under the missing at random (MAR) assumption, we impute the missing values nonparametrically using kernel regression. For data with imputation, the classical likelihood ratio test designed for testing the order-restricted means is no longer applicable since the likelihood does not exist. This article proposes a novel method for constructing test statistics for assessing means with an increasing order or a decreasing order based on jackknife empirical likelihood (JEL) ratio. It is shown that the JEL ratio statistic evaluated under the null hypothesis converges to a chi-bar-square distribution, whose weights depend on missing probabilities and nonparametric imputation. Simulation study shows that the proposed test performs well under various missing scenarios and is robust for normally and nonnormally distributed data. The proposed method is applied to an Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative data set for finding a biomarker for the diagnosis of the Alzheimer's disease.
Visualizations for Genetic Assignment Analyses Using the Saddlepoint Approximation Method
Authors: McMillan L. F. , Fewster R. M. 
Published: February 2017

Summary
We propose a method for visualizing genetic assignment data by characterizing the distribution of genetic profiles for each candidate source population. This method enhances the assignment method of Rannala and Mountain (1997) by calculating appropriate graph positions for individuals for which some genetic data are missing. An individual with missing data is positioned in the distributions of genetic profiles for a population according to its estimated quantile based on its available data. The quantiles of the genetic profile distribution for each population are calculated by approximating the cumulative distribution function (CDF) using the saddlepoint method, and then inverting the CDF to get the quantile function. The saddlepoint method also provides a way to visualize assignment results calculated using the leave-one-out procedure. This new method offers an advance upon assignment software such as geneclass2, which provides no visualization method, and is biologically more interpretable than the bar charts provided by the software structure. We show results from simulated data and apply the methods to microsatellite genotype data from ship rats (Rattus rattus) captured on the Great Barrier Island archipelago, New Zealand. The visualization method makes it straightforward to detect features of population structure and to judge the discriminative power of the genetic data for assigning individuals to source populations.
Parametric Modeling of Quantile Regression Coefficient Functions with Censored and Truncated Data
Authors: Frumento Paolo , Bottai Matteo 
Published: February 2017

Summary
Quantile regression coefficient functions describe how the coefficients of a quantile regression model depend on the order of the quantile. A method for parametric modeling of quantile regression coefficient functions was discussed in a recent article. The aim of the present work is to extend the existing framework to censored and truncated data. We propose an estimator and derive its asymptotic properties. We discuss goodness-of-fit measures, present simulation results, and analyze the data that motivated this article. The described estimator has been implemented in the R package qrcm.
Periocular breast carcinoma metastases: correlation of clinical, radiologic and histopathologic features
Authors: Homer Natalie , Jakobiec Frederick A , Stagner Anna , Cunnane Mary Elizabeth , Freitag Suzanne K , Fay Aaron , Yoon Michael K 
Published: February 2017

AbstractImportanceTo describe presenting patterns of breast cancer metastases to the orbit and eyelids.BackgroundTo provide clinical, radiographic and pathologic correlations of breast metastases to the orbit or eyelids and evaluate radiographic volumetric orbital changes.DesignRetrospective review in an academic centre.ParticipantsTen female patients with periocular metastatic breast carcinoma who were seen at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Oculoplastics Clinic.MethodsRetrospective review of patient records, imaging and pathology findings.Main Outcome MeasuresPresenting clinical characteristics, radiographic findings and histopathological features were assessed and correlated to discover distinctive presenting patterns. Volumetric measurements of the tumours and orbital soft tissue structures were made on magnetic resonance imaging studies.ResultsThe breast cancer metastases included eleven orbital lesions and one eyelid lesion. Two distinct clinical presentations were observed. The first consisted of seven patients who had either enophthalmos or euphthalmos, a radiographically indistinct intraconal lesion and a histologically classic invasive lobular breast carcinoma with a prominent fibrotic stroma. The second group consisted of two proptotic patients with discrete mass lesions on imaging and an atypical invasive lobular breast carcinoma pathological subtype (pleomorphic or alveolar). One patient had diffusely indurated eyelid fullness. Volumetric analyses demonstrated variable tumour sizes with an inconsistent impact on the orbital volume and fat.Conclusions and RelevanceThis correlative study provides the clinical‐radiographic‐histopathologic basis for separating two overarching phenotypic presentations of metastatic breast carcinoma to the orbit. Previously postulated mechanisms for the distinctive finding of tumour‐induced enophthalmos are re‐examined in the light of the foregoing conclusions.
“Sense” and sensitivity: Informal apprenticeship among youth care workers in a residential treatment center for children
Authors: Smith Yvonne 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article reports findings from a 13‐month ethnographic study of knowledge use and expertise among 78 workers in a U.S. residential treatment center for children. It investigates the question of how youth care workers developed expertise in an organization that did not require graduate professional education and provided little didactic training. It demonstrates how processes of informal apprenticeship allowed some workers to develop locally recognized expertise through working alongside more experienced peers. It analyzes the puzzling initial finding that workers simultaneously attributed expertise to innate “common sense” and reported that they developed this form of expertise through informal on‐the‐job apprenticeship. Taking a cultural perspective on learning, this article conceptualizes youth‐serving organizations as communities of practice in which informal apprenticeship contributes to the development of locally valued forms of expertise and addresses the question of why youth care workers appeared to differ in their ability to make use of opportunities for such learning. It explores implications of these findings for workforce development in youth residential treatment and for social work education in general, suggesting simple methods for maximizing opportunities for situated learning.
Visualization of Eye Tracking Data: A Taxonomy and Survey
Authors: Blascheck T. , Kurzhals K. , Raschke M. , Burch M. , Weiskopf D. , Ertl T. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis survey provides an introduction into eye tracking visualization with an overview of existing techniques. Eye tracking is important for evaluating user behaviour. Analysing eye tracking data is typically done quantitatively, applying statistical methods. However, in recent years, researchers have been increasingly using qualitative and exploratory analysis methods based on visualization techniques. For this state‐of‐the‐art report, we investigated about 110 research papers presenting visualization techniques for eye tracking data. We classified these visualization techniques and identified two main categories: point‐based methods and methods based on areas of interest. Additionally, we conducted an expert review asking leading eye tracking experts how they apply visualization techniques in their analysis of eye tracking data. Based on the experts' feedback, we identified challenges that have to be tackled in the future so that visualizations will become even more widely applied in eye tracking research.
Distributed Optimization Framework for Shadow Removal in Multi‐Projection Systems
Authors: Tsukamoto J. , Iwai D. , Kashima K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel shadow removal technique for cooperative projection system based on spatiotemporal prediction. In our previous work, we proposed a distributed feedback algorithm, which is implementable in cooperative projection environments subject to data transfer constraints between components. A weakness of this scheme is that the compensation is conducted in each pixel independently. As a result, spatiotemporal information of the environmental change cannot be utilized even if it is available. In view of this, we specifically investigate the situation where some of the projectors are occluded by a moving object whose one‐frame‐ahead behaviour is predictable. In order to remove the resulting shadow, we propose a novel error propagating scheme that is still implementable in a distributed manner and enables us to incorporate the prediction information of the obstacle. It is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that the proposed method significantly improves the shadow removal performance in comparison to the previous work.
The Importance of Fishing Grounds as Perceived by Local Communities Can be Undervalued by Measures of Socioeconomic Cost Used in Conservation Planning
Authors: Hamel Mélanie A. , Pressey Robert L. , Evans Louisa S. , Andréfouët Serge 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMarine reserve placement must account for the importance of places for resource use to minimize negative socioeconomic impacts and improve compliance. It is often assumed that placing marine reserves in locations that minimize lost fishing opportunities will reduce impacts on coastal communities, but the influence of the fishing data used on this outcome remains poorly understood. In the Madang Lagoon (Papua New Guinea), we compared three types of proxies for conservation costs to local fishing communities. We developed two types of proxies of opportunity costs commonly used in marine conservation planning: current fishing activity with fisher surveys (n= 68) and proximity from shore. We also developed proxies based on areas of importance for fishing as perceived by surveyed households (n= 52). Although all proxies led to different configurations of potential marine reserves, the three types of cost data reflect different aspects of importance for fishing and should be used as complementary measures.
The Value of the IUCN Red List for Business Decision‐Making
Authors: Bennun Leon , Regan Eugenie C. , Bird Jeremy , van Bochove Jan‐Willem , Katariya Vineet , Livingstone Suzanne , Mitchell Robin , Savy Conrad , Starkey Malcolm , Temple Helen , Pilgrim John D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species provides assessments of extinction risk for over 80,000 species. It has become an important tool for conservation and for informing natural resource policy and management more broadly. Over the last 10–15 years, the role of the Red List in business decision‐making has become increasingly significant. We describe the key business uses of the Red List and their benefits to conservation, focusing on industrial‐scale development and supply chains. The Red List is used by business throughout the process of planning and implementing projects, in order to understand and manage potential impacts on biodiversity. It informs screening and impact avoidance, baseline survey design, impact assessment and mitigation, biodiversity action plan development, and offset design and implementation. Business use could be strengthened by recognizing business needs when prioritizing improvements, so as to address specific aspects of consistency and coverage, access, information relevance, and assessment transparency. Finding effective ways to feed relevant business‐generated data back into the Red List process would, in turn, strengthen the assessments. The crucial role that the Red List has assumed in good‐practice business decision‐making represents both a success and an opportunity for the Red List community.
Neocolonial Conservation: Is Moving Rhinos to Australia Conservation or Intellectual Property Loss
Authors: Hayward Matt W. , Ripple William J. , Kerley Graham I. H. , Landman Marietjie , Plotz Roan D. , Garnett Stephen T. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe Australian Rhino Project (http://www.theaustralianrhinoproject.org) proposes importing 80 rhinos from South Africa to Australia by 2019 at a cost of over $US4 million, with the first six due to have been moved in 2016. This project has high‐profile supporters in the private sector, zoos, and both governments, and is gaining major publicity through association with sporting teams and TedEx talks (http://www.theaustralianrhinoproject.org/index.php/news/blogs/11-news-and-blogs/242-ray-tedx). However, establishing extralimital populations of African rhinos is a very low‐priority conservation action, particularly given over 800 are already in captivity, and we argue this project diverts funds and expertise away from more important conservation activities; the proposed captive conditions will lead to selection for domestic traits; the most likely species involved is the white rhino, which is the lowest priority rhino species for conservation; it removes a driver of in situ conservation; it does not focus on the critically endangered Asian rhino species; and it extends the historical exploitation of Africa's resources by colonial powers. There are also insufficient details in the public domain about the project for objective decision‐making. We believe this is misdirected neocolonial conservation and the policy support from both governments for this project should be reconsidered.
Treatment of cutaneous and/or soft tissue manifestations of corticosteroids refractory chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) by a total nodal irradiation (TNI)
Authors: Peyraga Guillaume , Lizee Thibaut , Gustin Pierre , Clement‐Colmou Karen , Di Bartolo Christelle , Supiot Stephane , Mahe Marc‐Andre , François Sylvie , Mege Martine 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe management of corticosteroids refractory chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) remains controversial. Retrospective analysis of patients treated at the Integrated Center of Oncology by total nodal irradiation (TNI) was performed to evaluate its therapy potency. TNI delivers a dose of 1 Gy in a single session. The delimitation of the fields is clinical (upper limit: external auditory meatus; lower limit: mid‐femur). No pre‐therapeutic dosimetry scanner was necessary. Evaluation of the efficacy was by clinical measures at 6 months after the treatment. Twelve patients were treated by TNI between January 2010 and December 2013. TNI was used in second‐line treatment or beyond. The median time between allograft and TNI was 31.2 months, and the median time between the first manifestations of cGVHD and TNI was about 24.2 months. Of the 12 patients, nine had a clinical response at 6 months (75%), including five complete clinical responses (41.6%). Five patients could benefit from a reduction of corticosteroid doses. Three patients had hematologic toxicity. TNI could be considered as an option for the treatment of a cutaneous and/or soft tissues corticosteroids refractory cGVHD. However, prospective randomized and double‐blind trials remain essential to answer the questions about TNI safety and effectiveness.
Adverse outcomes associated with postoperative atrial arrhythmias after lung transplantation: A meta‐analysis and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Waldron Nathan H. , Klinger Rebecca Y. , Hartwig Matthew G. , Snyder Laurie D. , Daubert James P. , Mathew Joseph P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative atrial arrhythmias (AAs) are common after lung transplantation, but studies are mixed regarding their impact on outcomes. We therefore performed this systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine whether AAs after lung transplantation impede postoperative recovery.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Register were searched to identify studies comparing outcomes in adult patients undergoing lung transplantation who experienced postoperative AAs in the immediate postoperative period vs those without postoperative AAs. Our primary outcome was perioperative mortality, and secondary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), postoperative complications, and mid‐term (1‐6 years) mortality.ResultsNine studies including 2653 patients were included in this analysis. Of this group, 791 (29.8%) had postoperative AAs. Patients with postoperative AAs had significantly higher perioperative (OR 2.70 [95% CI: 1.73‐4.19], P<.0001) mortality, longer hospital LOS (MD 8.29 [95% CI: 4.37‐12.21] days, P<.0001), more frequent requirement for tracheostomy (OR 4.67 [95% CI: 2.59‐8.44], P<.0001), and higher mid‐term mortality (OR 1.71 [95% CI: 1.28‐2.30], P=.0003).ConclusionsAAs after lung transplantation are frequent and associated with significantly higher mortality, longer hospital LOS, and requirement for tracheostomy. Given their impact on recovery, prophylactic strategies against AAs need to be developed.