bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Herbal–Drug Interaction Data in Tertiary Resources
Authors: Meyer Jenny R. , Generali Joyce A. , Karpinski Julie L. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To objectively evaluate various tertiary resources using a set of predetermined criteria to assess which provide the most complete, current, and accurate herbal–drug interaction information. Methods A search of the primary literature was conducted to gather evidence related to herbal–drug interactions. Based on the information found, six specific interactions were selected for review: St. John's wort–cyclosporine, St. John's wort–sertraline, coenzyme Q10–warfarin, ginseng–digoxin, danshen–warfarin, and kava kava–alprazolam. Thirteen resources commonly used in our drug information center were selected for evaluation: three drug interaction texts, three computer databases, and seven herbal texts. Criteria were developed to objectively evaluate the accuracy, completeness, and currentness of interaction information provided by each resource. Resources were ranked using an interaction content score, a referencing score, and an overall resource score (a sum of the interaction score and referencing scores). Results Interaction content scores and overall resource scores were highest for drug interaction texts and databases, whereas herbal texts generally earned lower scores. Interaction data found within the three Micromedex databases sometimes varied. Only three of the evaluated resources contained all six interactions. Conclusion Pharmacists should be familiar with the content and limitations of available resources for herbal–drug interactions. Based on the variability noted, it is recommended that providers use more than one of the more comprehensive resources described in this review. An evaluation of resources for herbal–drug interactions should be performed periodically as they are updated.
Effect of Smart Infusion Pumps on Medication Errors Related to Infusion Device Programming
Authors: Malashock Colleen M. , Shull Sara Smith , Gould D. Allen 
Published: January 2018

Errors related to the administration of medication delivery are less common than those that occur during the ordering phase.2 However, traditional medication delivery systems have fewer safeguards to intercept administration errors, and serious consequences may result. In a study by Leape et al,3 5% of medication errors identified were related to parenteral drug delivery. To address the problem of infusion errors, preprogrammed, customizable, computerized systems are being developed. ALARIS Guardrails software is designed to apply user-defined maximum/minimum infusion rate limits for selected medications (eg, those that are frequently used or have a narrow therapeutic index). To gain a better understanding of this new technology, a observational, prospective study was conducted. The study's goals were to document how often smart infusiondevices alerted users to potential errors, to quantify specific alert types, to specify the medications involved in alerts, and to detect trends associated the devices. User satisfaction with the devices was also measured. This information was used to assess the value of smart-infusion software in the prevention of infusion-device programming errors. Data representing all device alerts that occurred on three special care units over an 8-month period (May 20, 2002 to January 13, 2003) was downloaded from the infusion devices. Seven categories were used to describe each alert. One-hundred fifty-seven alerts resulted in the discontinuation of the initial entry and subsequent reprogramming of the device to a different rate of infusion. A model was developed to assess the rate at which errors occurred and to assess the possible harm potential of events that may have been avoided by the alerts. A potentially life-threatening dose was initially programmed in 17 different events analyzed. The number of reprogramming events was small compared with the total number of doses administered. However, the outcome from any one of those errors could have been significant. Therefore, the device may prove valuable even in settings that have achieved a low rate of infusion-related errors.
Botulism Immune Globulin Intravenous
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E. 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent to you in print and CD ROM forms and are available online. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of your facility. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The April 2004 monograph topics are cinacalcet hydrochloride, bevacizumab, mycophenolic acid delayed-release tablets, oblimersen sodium, and ciclesonide. The DUE is on cinacalcet hydrochloride.
Intravenous N-Acetylcysteine
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E. 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent to you in print and CD ROM forms and are available online. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of your facility. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The May 2004 monograph topics are cinacalcet hydrochloride, bevacizumab, mycophenolic acid delayed-release tablets, oblimersen sodium, and ciclesonide. The DUE is on cinacalcet hydrochloride.
Vancomycin: Aerosolization
Authors: Generali Joyce , Cada Dennis J. 
Published: January 2018

Off-Label Drug Uses This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label DrugFacts, a quarterly publication available from Facts and Comparisons. Off-Label DrugFacts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific FDA-unapproved drug uses. This new guide to the literature will enable the health care professional/clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and to determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. The most relevant data are provided in tabular form so that the reader can easily identify the scope of information available. A summary of the data—including background, study design, patient population, dosage information, therapy duration, results, safety, and therapeutic considerations—precedes each table of published studies. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information prior to patient care decisions. Direct questions or comments on “Off-Label Drug Uses” to hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Retrospective, Observational Comparison of Eptifibatide vs Abciximab in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Ottinger Joseph G. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To provide outcome data to health care practitioners involved in the care of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Adjunctive treatment with eptifibatide can be used in a wide range of patients requiring glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors to attenuate platelet response secondary to coronary artery interventions requiring a stent. The use of eptifibatide will provide comparable revascularization protection and may be safer than using abciximab. Methods Preselected outcome measures were collected for consecutive patients receiving a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor and the deployment of at least one coronary arterial stent for a 2-year period. The results were reported on a quarterly basis to the institution's cardiac interventionalists. Results No clinical or statistical differences in the event rate of a revascularization procedure for a “same target vessel” lesion at either the 6-month or 12-month evaluation periods were identified. The revascularization rate for “any vessel” interventions favored the use of abciximab at 6 months, but this advantage deteriorated at 12 months. Finally patients receiving eptifibatide were less likely to experience any bleeding event. Conclusions These outcome data can facilitate the use of eptifibatide in a wide range of patients undergoing PCI. An expectation of comparable clinical outcomes is merited. Based on these observations, the use of eptifibatide can at least provide a reduction in cost per procedural case.
Risk of Morphine-Hydromorphone Mix-ups; Actonel Dispensed Instead of Actos; Mucomyst and Mucinex Confused; Current Nonproprietary Drug Names under Consideration by United States Adopted Names Council
Authors: Cohen Michael R. 
Published: January 2018

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 800-233-7767 (800-23-ERROR). Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers’ names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below. The reports described in this column were received through the USP-ISMP Medication Errors Reporting Program (MERP). Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported through the ISMP ( www.ismp.org ) or USP ( www.usp.org ) web sites or communicated directly to ISMP by calling 1-800-FAIL SAFE or via e-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters’ wishes as to the level of detail included in publications. In 2004, ISMP is celebrating the 10th anniversary of its incorporation as a nonprofit organization. The Institute represents more than 20 years of experience in helping health care practitioners keep patients safe and continues to lead efforts to improve the medication use process.
Doxycycline and Intracranial Hypertension; Anorgasmia with a “Good”Antidepressant; Fluoroquinolones Should be Avoided in Myasthenia Gravis; Antipsychotics and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death; Sotalol-Induced Depression; Methemoglobinemia Associated with Benzocaine Products; Allergic to Generics?; Call for ADR Reports
Authors: Shuster Joel 
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), to discuss methods of prevention, and to promote reporting of ADRs to the FDA's MEDWATCH program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting preventable ADR to MEDWATCH, please consider sharing the account with our readers. In 2004, ISMP is celebrating the 10th anniversary of its incorporation as a nonprofit organization. The Institute represents more than 20 years of experience in helping health care practitioners keep patients safe, and continues to lead efforts to improve the medication use process.
Sodium Bicarbonate: Prevention of Contrast-Agent-Induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Generali Joyce , Cada Dennis J. 
Published: January 2018

Off-Label Drug Uses This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label DrugFacts, a quarterly publication available from Facts and Comparisons. Off-Label DrugFacts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific FDA-unapproved drug uses. This new guide to the literature will enable the health care professional/clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and to determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. The most relevant data are provided in tabular form so that the reader can easily identify the scope of information available. A summary of the data—including background, study design, patient population, dosage information, therapy duration, results, safety, and therapeutic considerations—precedes each table of published studies. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information prior to patient care decisions. Direct questions or comments on “Off-Label Drug Uses” to hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Misprogram a PCA Pump? It's Easier than you Think: Ratio Expression for Epinephrine Injection Again Leads to Error: Tetanus Toxoid Vaccines Used for PPD: Current Nonproprietary Drug Names under Consideration by United States Adopted Names Council
Authors: Cohen Michael R. 
Published: January 2018

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 800-233-7767 (800-23-ERROR). Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers’ names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below. The reports described in this column were received through the USP-ISMP Medication Errors Reporting Program (MERP). Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported through the ISMP ( www.ismp.org ) or USP ( www.usp.org ) web sites or communicated directly to ISMP by calling 1-800-FAIL SAFE or via e-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters’ wishes as to the level of detail included in publications. In 2004, ISMP is celebrating the 10th anniversary of its incorporation as a nonprofit organization. The Institute represents more than 20 years of experience in helping health care practitioners keep patients safe and continues to lead efforts to improve the medication use process.
Update on Resistance among Respiratory Tract Pathogens: Results of the Antimicrobial Resistance Management Program
Authors: Gums John G. , Epstein Benjamin J. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose This update from the Antimicrobial Resistance Management (ARM) Program reports surveillance data for Streptrococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolates from 1994 to 2002. Methods Antibiograms and sensitivity reports submitted to the ARM program database were reviewed for resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics Results Nationally S. pneumoniae resistance to penicillin was 37.4% (n = 37,688); to erythromycin, 29.6% (n = 18,774); and to clindamycin, 9.9% (n = 5510). Resistance to cefotaxime was 25.5% (n = 10,527) and 16.8% to ceftriaxone (26,594). For H. influenzae, resistance to cefotaxime was 4.3% (n = 4,927) and to ceftriaxone 1% (n = 10,353), a difference seen largely in the Northeast. Conclusions Resistance to penicillin appears to have reached a plateau above 40%; however, sparing of beta-lactam antibiotics may occur at the expense of other agents (ie, macrolides). Clindamycin remains active against penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP), but use of agents with antianaerobic properties is discouraged. The ARM program suggests important differences between cefotaxime and ceftriaxone.
New Antifungal as a Potential Cause of Severe Thrombocytopenia: Pancreatitis Due to ACE Inhibitor: Recurrent Hepatitis Due to Cetirizine: Long-Term Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Protease Inhibitors: Pure Red Cell Aplasia and Epoetin Therapy: Pure Red Cell Aplasia Redux: Interferon Therapy: Excellent Drug Reaction Reviews
Authors: Shuster Joel 
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), to discuss methods of prevention, and to promote reporting of ADRs to the FDA's medWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting preventable ADR to medWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers. In 2004, ISMP is celebrating the 10th anniversary of its incorporation as a nonprofit organization. The Institute represents more than 20 years of experience in helping health care practitioners keep patients safe and continues to lead efforts to improve the medication use process.
The Impact of Hospital Pharmacist and Technician Teams on Medication-Process Quality and Nurse Satisfaction
Authors: Weber Robert J. , Skledar Susan J. , Sirianni Carol R. , Frank Susan , Yourich Bryan , Martinelli Barbara 
Published: January 2018

Purpose This project deployed pharmacist and technician teams on patient care units to improve (1) the quality of the medication process and (2) nurse satisfaction with pharmacy services. Methods An interdisciplinary team developed a decentralized pharmacy model, establishing complimentary roles for pharmacists and technicians based on their current roles, expected roles, and published evidence. A trained nurse or pharmacist observed the medication process before and after implementing the service model; nurses were surveyed for satisfaction with pharmacy services. Statistical analysis of changes in order-processing times and nurse satisfaction were determined using an independent samples t-test (CI = 0.95, P < 0.05). Results Two processes were significantly improved before after implementing the decentralized model (PRE vs POST): (1) order entry time, PRE 24.4 ± 18.1 min (Mean ± SD) vs POST 12.1 ± 10.5 min, P = 0.001; (2) order delivery time, PRE 50.5 ± 18.9 min vs POST 27.5 ± 15.2 min, P = 0.048. Nursing satisfaction significantly improved after implementation of the decentralized model, specifically in perception of quality, PRE (Median score = 3) vs POST (Median score = 4), P = 0.04, timely delivery of STAT and routine medications PRE (Median score = 2) vs POST (Median Score = 4, P = 0.00, pharmacy as an asset to patient care PRE (Median score = 3) vs POST (Median Score = 5), P = 0.04, and effective pharmacy and nursing communication PRE (Median score = 2) vs POST (Median Score = 4), P = 0.04. Pharmacists increased their medication safety interventions and documentation almost five-fold. Conclusions Pharmacist-technician teams on the patient care units improved service and nurse satisfaction and may be a useful method for decentralizing pharmacy services in hospitals that do not have satellites.
Harm reduction in Finnish drug policy: conceptual problems and contradictions
Authors: Hurme Toivo 
Published: January 2018

The article discusses the use of the term “harm reduction” in Finland's contemporary drug policy. The focus is not on the meaning of the term, but rather on its actual use, on how “harm reduction” has been put into play in the governing of the drug question and what is done and has been claimed in the name of “harm reduction”. This brings to light the problems and contradictions that arise if “harm reduction” is taken as a standpoint for policy making or as an analytical tool for drug policy research. The paper reviews different connections and situations where “harm reduction” has been defined or used as an argument for general or specific goals and interventions. Harm reduction is often seen as a general strategy for national drug policy, as opposed to the traditional repressive and punitive strategy. On the other hand, it is also represented as pragmatic, reactive and situational work without general ideals or principles challenging repressive politics. Two main perspectives can be distinguished in the discussion on harm reduction: the human rights perspective and the public health perspective. From a human rights perspective harm reduction is advocated by stressing the rights and equality of drug users. The focus is on the harms that the strict policy of control is causing to abusers. Harm reduction from a public health perspective stresses the harms that drug abuse causes to the nation's population, such as HIV, accidents etc. On the side of these main trends, there are however a wide range of practices which are represented in the name of “harm reduction”, among these tighter police control and surveillance to efface the nuisance problems. The article concludes that in Finland, “harm reduction” is neither a coherent political approach to the drug question nor an exact concept for analytical social research. It is rather a slogan that is used in very different occasions by various political agents as an argument for different interventions, aiming for ideals and goals that might easily contradict each other.