bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ekstrak Daun Kelor Sebagai Pewarna ALami Pada Kue Kembang Goyang
Authors: Neto Fransiska s.b , Risa Panti Ariani  , Ni Made Suriani  
Published: October 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menegtahui mutu organoleptik pada kue kembang goyang dengan ekstrak dari daun kelor dilihat dari aspek warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa. Penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Panelis penelitian merupakan panelis tidak terlatih sebanyak 40 orang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi melalui uji organoleptik dengan 5 skala liketr yaitu sangat suka, suka, cukup suka, tidak suka dan sangat tidak suka. Data dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian uji kesukaan masyarakat terhadap produk kue kembang goyang dengan ekstrak daun kelor dilihat dari segi warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa, semua aspek tersebut mendapat penilaian “sangat suka” untuk kue kembang goyang ekstrak daun kelor. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa, kue kembang goyang yang menggunakan ekstrak daun kelor mendapat sambutan yang positif dalam aspek warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa.

Kata Kunci: Kue Kembang Goyang, Ekstrak Daun Kelor, Organoleptik.
Expression and Purification of the Full Length and N-Terminal Truncated Variants of Insect CYP6Z2 in the Cytosol of Escherichia Coli for Potential 3D Experimental Studies
Authors: Kusimo Michael Olugbenga , Hama Soor Taib Ahmed , Adedeji Ahmed Adebowale 
Published: October 2024

Cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s) offer innate resistance defence for malaria vectors against the insecticides permitted by WHO to be used in vector control tools. P450s can detoxify broad substrates and simultaneously metabolise them, thus the availability of experimental three-dimensional structures of these key insecticide detoxifiers is vital to improving our knowledge of their enzyme activities. Despite the importance of this family of proteins in insecticide resistance, there are no available experimental three-dimensional structures of insect P450 yet. For this investigation, a carboxy-terminal Histidine-tagged recombinant CYP6Z2 was heterologously expressed in E. coli to generate a soluble holoprotein suitable for an experimental three-dimensional structure. The expressed enzyme was purified from the cytosol of E. coli via the combination of various purification techniques and cholic acid sodium salt. Two truncated N-terminal signal peptides: short deletion of 11 amino acids and long deletion of 23 amino acids of the hydrophobic domain, were created to prevent aggregation, improve solubility, and facilitate crystallisation. The CYP6Z2 (full length) produced a holoprotein with a P450 protein concentration of 0.60 nmol/mL, whereas the two truncated CYP6Z2 isoforms produced only the inactive species with no peak at 450 nm. We conclude that the hydrophobic signal peptide region of the insect Cytochrome P450s seems sensitive and indispensable to ensuring 3-D folding and stability.
Mapping in the Context of Primary Social and Science Education: Children, Participation and Spatial Power Relations
Authors: Pokraka Jana , Gryl Inga 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on how children perceive (public) space and the power dynamics within them. The concept of “Education for Spatial Citizenship” (Schulze et al., 2020) is used as a theoretical and methodological framework for promoting life-world-oriented and reflexive learning concerning children’s participation and their roles in public space. The article proposes a mapping-based participatory learning environment, in which children’s desires and visions intersect or conflict with their real-life spatial experiences. The empirical study presented in this article took place in Essen, Germany, and was conducted with a total of 40 primary school children, divided into seven groups. Although the study is rooted in geography education and primary social and science education, the findings of this research are also relevant for civic education and social science education. They offer a broader perspective on student-teacher relationships and interactions in educational settings.
Grammar teaching in inclusive learning groups. A reconstructive analysis of subject-specific teaching
Authors: Hackbarth Anja , Müller Anja 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article argues that the relationship between subject-related and social participation is of paramount importance for inclusion-oriented subject teaching research. Firstly, subject teaching is understood as a social practice that is characterised by a specific complexity of the temporal, social and subject-related dimensions of teaching. Secondly, it is assumed that enabling and hindering subject-related and social participation in the practice of teaching is one of the most central analytical attitudes of inclusion-oriented subject teaching research. This is exemplified by empirical analyses of grammar lessons using the methodology of the documentary method.
Made Mouthpiece Bandung: Produksi dan Organologi Hybrid Alto Saxophone
Authors: Supiarza Hery - , Ramadhan Gilang - 
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan Made Mouthpiece Bandung: Produksi dan Organologi Mouthpiece Type Hybrid Alto Saxophone. Masalah penelitian ini mengkaji proses produksi mouthpiece hybrid alto saxophone oleh made mouthpiece Bandung, Diketahui banyak pemain saxophone di Indonesia yang menggunakan produk dan mengakui kualitas mouthpiece produksi made mouthpiece Bandung. Hal ini yang membuat peneliti tertarik untuk mengkaji secara komprehensip organologi mouthpiece buatan made sebagai keilmuan yang khusus mendalami asal muasal karakter bunyi. Tujuan penelitian menganalisi bahan yang digunakan dalam produksi mouthpiece type hybrid, tahapan – tahapan pembuatan Mouthpiece type hybrid alto saxophone dan karakter bunyi mouthpiece type hybrid produksi made mouthpiece Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan analisis data dilakukan dengan tahapan reduksi, klasifikasi data, interpretasi data, dan deskripsi data dalam bentuk kata-kata, kemudian menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa karakter suara made mouthpice dihasilkan oleh sistem organologi, dan teknik produksi. Kemudian peneliti menemukan 6 tahapan proses pembuatan sehingga menghasilkan karakter bunyi khas made mouthpiece type hybrid. Tahapan tersebut meliputi 1) Proses pembuatan desain, 2) Proses pembuatan cetakan silicon, 3) proses bubut logam kuningan, 4) Proses pencetakan mouthpiece, 5) Proses Refacing, 6) Proses Finishing. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat menjadi role model bagi peneliti selanjutnya untuk menganalisis akustik organologi mouthpiece alto saxophone dari berbagai tipe dan pembuat yang beragam.
Повышение несущей способности балки
Authors: Попов Игорь Павлович 
Published: October 2024

Отмечено, что наибольшей несущей способностью обладают двутавровые балки. Вместе с тем, из-за широкого распространения и доступности трубопроката в практике нередко используют трубчатые балки. Несущая способность двутавровой балки почти вдвое выше, чем трубчатой. Целью настоящей работы является повышение несущей способности трубчатых балок, что позволит расширить ассортимент строительных конструкций. Геометрическое длинномерное тело, боковая поверхность которого имеет прямолинейную образующую, обладает максимальным объемом (при заданной боковой поверхности), если его поперечное сечение имеет форму круга, что соответствует круглой трубе. Трубчатая балка с жидким наполнителем представляет собой заглушенную с обоих концов круглую трубу, полностью (без воздушных полостей) заполненную жидкостью. При нагружении гидравлической балки ее боковая поверхность стремится деформироваться, следовательно внутренний объем трубы стремится к уменьшению. Поскольку жидкость несжимаема, она не допускает уменьшения объема, что, в свою очередь, препятствует деформации трубы. В гидравлической балке вся нагрузка благодаря жидкости относительно равномерно распределяется по всей внутренней поверхности балки. Получена оценка, состоящая в пятикратном превышении несущей способности гидравлической балки по сравнению с двутавровой балкой и в десятикратном по сравнению с трубчатой балкой.
It is noted that I-beams have the greatest load-bearing capacity. At the same time, due to the wide distribution and availability of pipe rolling, tubular beams are often used in practice. The load-bearing capacity of an I-beam is almost twice as high as that of a tubular one. The purpose of this work is to increase the load-bearing capacity of tubular beams, which will expand the range of building structures. A geometric long body, the lateral surface of which has a rectilinear generatrix, has a maximum volume (for a given lateral surface) if its cross section has the shape of a circle, which corresponds to a round pipe. A tubular beam with liquid filler is a round pipe plugged at both ends, completely (without air cavities) filled with liquid. When a hydraulic beam is loaded, its side surface tends to deform. Consequently, the internal volume of the pipe tends to decrease. But, since the liquid is incompressible, it does not allow a decrease in volume, which, in turn, prevents the pipe from deforming. In a hydraulic beam, the entire load, thanks to the fluid, is distributed relatively evenly over the entire inner surface of the beam. An estimate was obtained that the load-bearing capacity of the hydraulic beam is five times greater than that of an I-beam and ten times greater than that of a tubular beam.
PENGARUH WAKTU AKTIVASI MENGGUNAKAN H3PO4 TERHADAP STRUKTUR DAN UKURAN PORI KARBON BERBASIS ARANG TEMPURUNG KEMIRI (Aleurites moluccana)
Authors: Sandi Anggun Pradilla , - Astuti 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRAKTelah disintesis karbon aktif berbasis tempurung kemiri menggunakan aktivator H3PO4 2,5% pada suhu 400 oC selama 30 menit.Â WaktuÂ aktivasi divariasikan yaitu : 5 jam, 10 jam, 15 jam, 20 jam, dan 24 jam.Â Pengaruh waktu aktivasi dianalisis dengan karakterisasi SEM dan XRD. Waktu aktivasi memberikan pengaruh terhadap struktur dan ukuran pori karbon. Secara umum, hasil XRD menunjukkan struktur atom karbon berbentuk struktur amorf.Â Pori karbon aktif terkecil diperoleh pada waktu aktivasi 20 jam yaitu sebesar 0,57 Âµm dan menghasilkan jumlah pori yang paling banyak.Kata kunci: karbon aktif, waktu aktivasi dan pori karbon.ABSTRACTSynthesized of the activated carbon based of the charcoal hazelnut by using the activator of H3PO4 2,5% at temperature of 400 0C for 30 minutes has been done. Activation times were varied as 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, and 24 hours. The effects of the activation time were characterized by using SEM and XRD.Â Activation times give effect on the structure and pore size of the carbon.Â Generally, XRD patterns show amorphous carbon atomic structure. Â The smallest pore of activated carbon is found at 20 hours of activation time is about 0.57 Âµm and this sample produce hight quantities of pore.Keywords: activated carbon, activation time and carbon pore.
ANALISIS PENCEMARAN LIMBAH CAIR KELAPA SAWIT BERDASARKAN KANDUNGAN LOGAM, KONDUKTIVITAS, TDS DAN TSS
Authors: Putra Daud Satria , Putra Ardian 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh variasi limbah effluent dan limbah olahan terhadap air hulu sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kualitas air berdasarkan pengujian TSS (Total Suspended Solid), TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), konduktivitas, dan kandungan logam.Â Variasi volume limbah effluent dan limbah olahan yaitu 20 mL. 40 mL, 60 mL, 80 mL, dan 100 mL terhadap 1000 mL air hulu sungai. Pada pengujian terhadap pencampuran volume limbah effluent 2 % terhadap volume air hulu menghasilkan nilai TSS dan TDS berturut-turut 5473 mg/L dan 16651 mg/L, konduktivitas 163,43 ÂµS dan konsentrasi logam Al, Cu dan Fe berturut-turut 0,714 mg/L, 0,382 mg/L dan 0,682 mg/L, nilai dari semua parameter ini masih menjauhi baku mutu sehingga diperlukan pengolahan limbah effluent sebelum jadi air buangan. Berdasarkan nilai TSS dan TDS dari hasil pencampuran limbah olahan terhadap air hulu dan nilai air hilir, batas buangan limbah yang dihasilkan antara 4 % - 6 % limbah olahan terhadap air hulu sedangkan dari pengujian konduktivitas, batas buangan limbah yang dihasilkan lebih besar dari 10 % limbah olahan terhadap air hulu. Pada pengujian kandungan logam dibuktikan bahwa limbah cair kelapa sawit kandungan logam Al, Cu dan Fe. Konsentrasi logam Al limbah effluent sebesar 6,786 mg/L, konsentrasi logam Cu limbah effluent sebesar 4,823 mg/L, dan konsentrasi logam Fe limbah effluent sebesar 4,864 mg/L.Kata Kunci : kandungan logam, konduktivitas, limbah cair kelapa sawit, TDS, TSS AbstractThis study is concerning inthe enviromental effect of variation of pure waste and processed sewage to upstream water. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality based on TSS (Total Suspended Solid), TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), conductivity, and metal contents. Variations in the volume of waste pure and processed waste is 20 mL, 40 mL, 60 mL, 80 mL, and 100mL to 1000 mL of upstream water. Testing of mixing pure waste volume 2% of upstream water volume obtain result of TSS and TDS respectively 5473 mg/L, and 16651 mg/L, 163,43 ÂµS conductivity, metal concentration of Al, Cu, and Fe respectively 0,714 mg/L, 0,382 mg/L and 0,682 mg/L, the value of all these parameters is still away from the quality standard so needs a treatment before it becomes waste water. Based on TSS and TDS values result by mixing of processed waste upstream water and downstream water, the result of waste disposal limits between 4% - 6% toward upper course,meanwhile at the conductivity test, the result of waste disposal limits was 10 % higher toward upper course. The concentration of Al pure waste 6,786 mg/L, the concentration of Cu pure waste of 4.823 mg/L, and the concentration of Fe pure waste of4.864mg/L.Keyword : conductivity, metal contents, palm oil liquid waste, TDS, TSSÂ
Perancangan Sistem Pendingin Air Menggunakan Elemen Peltier Berbasis Mikrokontroler ATmega8535
Authors: Gandi Frima , Yusfi Meqorry 
Published: October 2024

Perancangan sistem pendingin air menggunakan elemen Peltier berbasis mikrokontroler ATmega8535 telah dilakukan. Sisi dingin elemen Peltier dimanfaatkan sebagai pendingin air. Kemampuan elemen Peltier untuk memompa panas dari sistem ke lingkungan diuji dengan menvariasikan massa air yaitu 50 g, 100 g, 150 g, 300 g dan 500 g. Panas dari sistem diserap melalui heatsink bagian bawah kemudian panas dilepaskan ke lingkungan pada heatsink bagian atas. Fan AC digunakan untuk mempercepat pelepasan panas dari heatsink ke udara sehingga pemindahan panas dari sistem ke lingkungan berjalan lebih cepat. Sensor LM35 digunakan sebagai pendeteksi perubahan temperatur. Mikrokontroler ATmega8535 memproses keluaran sensor LM35 dan menampilkannya di LCD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan elemen Peltier menurun seiring bertambahnya massa air dan meningkat dengan bertambahnya tegangan dan arus. Pada tegangan 12 V/3 A, elemen Peltier mampu menurunkan temperatur air bermassa 50 g hingga 5,7 Â°C, sedangkan untukÂ air bermassa 500 g elemen Peltier hanya mampu menurunkan temperatur air hingga 14,2 Â°C.Kata kunci : elemen Peltier, LM35
Analisis Indeks Kerentanan Tanah di Wilayah Kota Padang (Studi Kasus Kecamatan Padang Barat dan Kuranji)
Authors: Lestari Friska Puji , Pujiastuti Dwi , Arifin Hamdy 
Published: October 2024

Telah dilakukan survei mikrotremor di Kecamatan Kuranji dan Padang Barat untuk melihat nilai indeks kerentanan tanah yang ada di kecamatan tersebut. Data mikrotremor di Kecamatan Kuranji diambil pada 46 titik, sedangkan di Kecamatan Padang Barat diambil pada 17 titik. Dari data Â mikrotremor didapatkan data kecepatan tanah yang kemudian diolah menggunakan software GEOPSY dan dianalisis dengan metode HVSR. Hasilnya adalah dan diperoleh nilai frekuensi resonansi (f0) dan faktor amplifikasi (A0) yang digunakan untuk menghitung nilai indeks kerentanan tanah (Kg). Dari nilai Kg dipetakan dengan software ArcGIS 9,2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks kerentanan tanah Â di Kecamatan Kuranji berkisar antara 0,2-5,66 cm/s2. Kondisi inimenggambarkan wilayah Kuranji merupakan daerah yang stabil dengan indeks kerentanan yang rendah. Sedangkan indeks kerentanan tanah di Kecamatan Padang Barat berkisar antara 0,46-115,00 cm/s2, yangmenggambarkan daerah yang tidak stabil karena memiliki nilai indeks kerentanan yang tinggi.Kata kunci: ArcGIS 9,2, DataPro, GEOPSY, indeks kerentanan tanah, mikrotremor.
Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur dan Indikator Kadar Air Gabah Siap Giling Berbasis Mikrokontroler dengan Sensor Fotodioda
Authors: Oktavianty Novia Ulfa , Wildian Wildian 
Published: October 2024

Telah dilakukan rancang bangun alat ukur dan indikator kadar air gabah siap giling berbasis mikrokontroler dengan sensor fotodioda.Â Alat ini menggunakan sensor fotodioda dan LED yang dipasangkan pada timbangan yang memiliki pegas. Perubahan nilai tegangan keluaran akibat perubahan berat dikuatkan dengan penguat non-inverting dan dirubah menjadi nilai kadar air padi dan ditampilkan pada layar LCD. Kadar air acuan gabah siap giling adalah 14%. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa alat yang dibuat dapat mengukur kadar air gabah siap giling untuk dua sampel pada proses penjemuran dari keadaaan basah 19,56% dan 21,7% sampai 14% dengan rata-rata kesalahan sebesar 3,04%Â dan 4,35% . Alat yang dibuat merupakan acuan untuk semua gabah yang dijemur langsung di bawah sinar matahari dan dilengkapi dengan alarm sebagai indikator ketika kadar air gabah bernilai 14%.Kata kunci: kadar air, mikrokontroler, sensor fotodioda.
Evolusi Soliton pada Model Frenkel-Kontorova yang Tereduksi ke Persamaan Sine-Gordon Melalui Pendekatan Limit Kontinu
Authors: Angga Boy , Abdullah Zulfi , Shafwan Mahdhivan 
Published: October 2024

Model Frenkel-Kontorova telah direduksi ke persamaan Sine-Gordon melalui pendekatan limit kontinu.Â Solusi persamaan Sine-Gordon diselesaikan menggunakan transformasi Baecklund dan didapatkan 3Â soliton yaitu kink, antikink dan breather. Akan tetapi, transformasi BÃ¤cklund tidak dapat memberikanÂ gambaran bagaimana evolusi soliton yaitu dari keadaan soliton-like menuju ke keadaan steady. MetodeÂ yang digunakan untuk menerangkan evolusi soliton adalah aproksimasi dengan memanfaatkan teoremaÂ Noether (konsep energi konservatif). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa keadaan solitonlike selalu tidak stabilselama proses evolusi berlangsung.Kata Kunci: evolusi soliton, limit kontinu, model Frenkel-Kontorova, persamaan Sine-Gordon, soliton,Â soliton-like, teorema Noether.
METRICAL STRESS IN MANDAR PHONOLOGY AND POETRY
Authors: Brodkin Dan , Prawati Maria T. , Talib Jupri 
Published: October 2024

This short paper is to extend the theory of metrical phonology to the system of stress in one language of Indonesia: Mandar. As the subfamily of South Sulawesi language, Mandar is spoken on the northern coast of West Sulawesi province, from the city of Polewali in the east to the town of Tinambung in the west. The data itself is gathered from native Mandar speaker which provides a good representation of the language. This paper has surveyed the distribution of word-level stress in Mandar from the perspective of the theory of metrical phonology. It has shown that the language typically requires each prosodic word to host a single instance of stress on penultimate syllable. The final proposal is to have the stress pattern emerge from the construction of a single disyllabic trochee at the right edge of the word, with the trochee requires first syllable to be heavy (CVC or CVV) and second syllable to be light (CV or CVC as word-final consonant are non-moraic, but not CVV). From this position, we have shown that our metrical analysis allows us to see another property of traditional Kalinda’da’ poetry: beyond showing a regular number of syllables in each line, these poems also require different numbers of stresses. We leave it to future work to extend this result.
USING HOT POTATOES APP AS TEACHING METHOD FOR VOCABULARY SUBJECT
Authors: Perdana Indra , Bungai Joni 
Published: October 2024

To learn to read, write, talk, and listen, students must master vocabulary. To get good at the four basic English skills, you need to learn new words. Learners can easily access the Hot Potatoes app from anywhere with an internet connection and a simple computer browser. There are exercise templates in the Hot Potatoes programs that can be used to make web-based tasks that can be uploaded to servers and made available to students. There are six different kinds of web-based workouts that Hot Potatoes can make. These can be used on their own or connected to other workouts or activities to make a number of tasks. The app Hot Potatoes is helpful because it lets students revise and change their work by giving them hints and then giving them comments in the target language. Teachers can also choose which email address will receive student grades by using the Hot Potatoes program. The purpose of this study is to find out what happens to tenth-grade students at SMKN 2 Palangka Raya when they use Hot Potato-based learning materials to improve their language. This study examines how Hot Potatoes used in SMKN 2 Palangka Raya tenth graders. This research topic is whether Hot Potatoes improve students' vocabularies before and after teaching. The research utilizes a pre-experimental design, the one-group pretest-posttest approach, because consists of only one group serving as both the control and experimental groups. In the one-group pretest-posttest design, a single group is monitored both before and after receiving therapy.To address the study topic, the researcher calculates pre- and post-test scores using paired sample t-test. H0 is rejected by paired sample t-test. The 2-tailed Sig. value is 0.000 < 0.05. Students' vocabulary scores changed significantly between pre- and post-test. Paired Sample Statistic showed that the mean before teaching with Hot Potatoes was 52.73 and after was 82.42. Hot Potatoes is alternative for the students in learning English especially in vocabulary. This reason is based on the result of test after getting treatment. The activity using the Hot Potatoes makes the students are easy to understand the material. In addition, this activity invites the students to be active and creative. Active here means that the students participate in studying of English and they feel fun. Meanwhile, creative here means that the students do the gap-fill exercise and matching exercise. The implementation Hot Potatoes in teaching and learning gives positive effect on the students’ achievement. It can be done because by fun learning, information can be understood and maintained well Teachers are suggested to use the media as one of the variations in teaching English and they can use technology as integrated media at school. The other researchers can do the similar research with other media or authoring tool besides Hot Potatoes such as Quizlet, Notion, Kahoot and so on