bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes is associated with decreased migraine risk: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Antonazzo Ippazio Cosimo , Riise Trond , Cortese Marianna , Berge Line Iden , Engeland Anders , Bernt Fasmer Ole , Lund Anders , Joachim Ødegaard Ketil , Poluzzi Elisabetta , Bjornevik Kjetil 
Published: December 2017

Background Results from studies on diabetes and migraine risk are conflicting, which may be due to methodological limitations. Prospective studies with long follow-up could increase our understanding of the relationship between the two diseases. Method We performed a cohort study including the whole Norwegian population alive on 01.01.2004, using prescriptions registered in the Norwegian prescription database to identify individuals developing type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and migraine during follow-up (10 years). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate rate ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the effect of diabetes on migraine risk, adjusting for age, sex, and educational level. Result We identified 7,883 type 1 diabetes patients and 93,600 type 2 patients during the study period. Type 1 diabetes was significantly associated with a subsequent decreased migraine risk during follow-up in the age- and sex-adjusted analyses (0.74; 0.61–0.89). Type 2 diabetes was also associated with a significantly lower migraine risk (0.89; 0.83–0.95). Further adjustment for educational level yielded similar results for both diabetes. Conclusion Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes were significantly associated with a decreased risk of migraine. This suggests that diabetes or diabetes treatment may have a protective effect on the development of migraine.
Putamen Volume Differences Among Older Adults: Depression Status, Melancholia, and Age
Authors: Sachs-Ericsson Natalie J. , Hajcak Greg , Sheffler Julia L. , Stanley Ian H. , Selby Edward A. , Potter Guy G. , Steffens David C. 
Published: December 2017

Background: Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) may exhibit smaller striatal volumes reflecting deficits in the reward circuit. Deficits may change with age and be more pronounced among the melancholic subtype. Limited research has investigated striatal volume differences in older adults and by depression subtypes. Method: We used baseline data from the Neurocognitive Outcomes of Depression in the Elderly study. We examined volumetric differences in the putamen and caudate nucleus among older adults (60 years and older), comparing healthy control participants (n = 134) to depressed participants (n = 226), and comparing nonmelancholic depressed participants (n = 93) to melancholic depressed participants (n = 133). Group-by-age interactions were examined. Results: There were no significant group differences for the caudate nucleus. For the left putamen, investigation of the significant group-by-age interaction revealed that volume size was greater for the healthy controls compared to the depressed participants but only at younger ages (60-65 years); group differences diminished with increasing age. Examining volume by depression subtype revealed that the melancholic depressed participants had a smaller left putamen compared to the nonmelancholic depressed participants. Anhedonia symptoms were related to both smaller left and right putamen. Conclusion: Structural abnormalities in reward regions may underlie the anhedonic phenotype. Volume loss associated with MDD may attenuate in older age.
Predictors of disability in a childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus cohort: results from the CARRA Legacy Registry
Authors: Hersh A O , Case S M , Son M B ,   for the CARRA Registry Investigators
Published: December 2017

Objective Few descriptions of physical disability in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) exist. We sought to describe disability in a large North American cohort of patients with cSLE and identify predictors of disability. Methods Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Legacy Registry for patients with cSLE enrolled between May 2010 and October 2014. The Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) was used to assess disability and physical functioning. Chi-square tests were used for univariate analyses, and multivariate logistic regression was used to assess predictors of disability. Results We analyzed data for 939 patients with cSLE. The median and mean CHAQ scores were 0 and 0.25, respectively, and 41% of the cohort had at least mild disability. Arthritis and higher pain scores were significantly associated with disability as compared to those without disability ( p < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, low annual income, arthritis, and higher pain scores were associated with disability at baseline. Conclusions Disability as measured by baseline CHAQ was fairly common in cSLE patients in the CARRA Legacy Registry, and was associated with low household income, arthritis, and higher pain scores. In addition to optimal disease control, ensuring psychosocial supports and addressing pain may reduce disability in cSLE. Further study is needed of disability in cSLE.
Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: García-Carrasco M , Mendoza-Pinto C , Autrán-Limón M A , Herrera Robles E , Méndez Martínez S , Etchegaray Morales I , Montiel Jarquín Á , Gálvez Romero J L , Soto-Santillán P , Galindo-Herrera J , López-Colombo A 
Published: December 2017

Objective (a) to assess the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in female Mexican systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients using the Rome III criteria and (b) to examine the effect of disease duration on FGID prevalence. Methods Female SLE outpatients aged ≥18 years with no organic gastrointestinal disorder were included. Participants were invited to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy screening and a faecal immunochemical test. FGID symptoms were evaluated using the Rome III questionnaire. Results Eighty-six SLE patients with median age of 45 (interquartile range 34–54) years were included. At least one FGID was found in 76.7% (66/88) of patients with SLE. The most prevalent domains of FGID diagnosed were functional oesophageal, gastroduodenal disorders and bowel disorders, of which functional dyspepsia (72.7%), functional heartburn (68.1%) and bloating (63.8%) were the most frequent. Fifty-nine per cent of patients had overlapping FGIDs. The most prevalent overlap was the combination of functional dyspepsia and functional heartburn. Patients with longer disease duration had a higher prevalence of FGID than those with shorter disease duration. Conclusions There was a high prevalence of FGIDs in Mexican SLE women with low disease activity. Overlapping FGIDs were frequent. Longer disease duration may be associated with FGIDs in SLE patients.
Combination of PedCAT Weightbearing CT With Pedography Assessment of the Relationship Between Anatomy-Based Foot Center and Force/Pressure-Based Center of Gravity
Authors: Richter Martinus , Lintz Francois , Zech Stefan , Meissner Stefan Andreas 
Published: December 2017

Background: A customized pedography sensor (Pliance; Novel, Munich, Germany) was inserted into a pedCAT (Curvebeam, Warrington, PA). The aim of this study was to analyze the relative position of the anatomical foot center (FC) and the pedographic center of gravity (COG). The hypothesis was that FC should be a good predictor of mediolateral position of COG but not longitudinal since hindfoot anatomy allows free anteroposterior movement but limited mediolateral movement. Methods: In 90 patients (180 feet), a pedCAT scan with simultaneous pedography with full weightbearing in a standing position was performed. The morphology-based definition of the FC was performed with the pedCAT data following the Torque Ankle Lever Arm System (TALAS) algorithm. The force/pressure-based COG was defined with the pedography data using a software-based algorithm. The distance between FC and COG and the direction of a potential shift (distal-proximal, mediolateral) was measured and analyzed. COG motion during data acquisition was recorded and analyzed. Mean age of patients was 53.8 (range, 17-84) years, and 57 (63%) were female. Results: The distance between FC and COG was 28.7 mm on average (range, 0-60). FC was distal to COG in 175 feet (97%; mean, 27.5 mm; range, –15 to 60) and lateral in 112 feet (62%; mean, 2.0 mm; range, –18 to 20). Conclusions: There was a constant and major distal longitudinal shift of COG relative to FC and an inconstant minor mediolateral shift. Clinical Relevance: The data might be taken into consideration for planning and follow-up in foot and ankle surgery.
Case Series: Spontaneous Relapse After Recovery From Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mahowald Madeline K , Davis Melinda 
Published: December 2017

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a distinct type of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF) with variable outcomes. Rates of recovery range from 29% to 72% and mortality rates range from 0% to 25%. In studies, outcomes are often determined at 6 to 12 months following diagnosis, and many of those who recover stop following with cardiology and are lost to follow-up. Case report: Patient 1 was a 25-year-old G2P1 who was diagnosed with PPCM 5 days after childbirth with an EF of 25%. Initially, her EF improved and first normalized at 4.1 years after diagnosis. It subsequently dropped to 30% without clear heart failure symptoms or identifiable trigger and 1 year later normalized again to an EF of 60%. Patient 2 was a 36-year-old G6P3 who was diagnosed with PPCM 6 weeks after the birth of her third child when echocardiogram revealed an EF of 10%. Time to EF normalization was 3.0 years after diagnosis when her EF was measured at 55%. She remained without symptoms of heart failure for the first 8 years after diagnosis when she developed dyspnea on exertion and lower extremity edema; EF at that time declined to a nadir of 42.5% without apparent cause. Conclusions: Women with PPCM can have an unpredictable course, and those who appear to have recovered may have unrecognized subclinical dysfunction that places them at risk for future injury or deterioration.
A Review of the Factors Associated With the Timely Initiation of Breastfeeding and Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Middle East
Authors: Alzaheb Riyadh A 
Published: December 2017

Background: Breastfeeding supplies all the nutrients that infants need for their healthy development. Breastfeeding practice is multifactorial, and numerous variables influence mothers’ decisions and ability to breastfeed. This review identifies the factors potentially affecting the timely initiation of breastfeeding within an hour after birth and exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months in Middle Eastern countries. Methods: The Medline, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases were keyword-searched for primary studies meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) publication in the English language between January 2001 and May 2017, (2) original research articles reporting primary data on the factors influencing the timely initiation of breastfeeding and/or exclusive breastfeeding, (3) the use of World Health Organization definitions, and (4) Middle Eastern research contexts. A random effect model was used to establish the average prevalence of the timely initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding in the Middle East. Results: The review identified 19 studies conducted in Saudi Arabia (7), Iran (3), Egypt (2), Turkey (2), Kuwait (1), the United Arab Emirates (1), Qatar (1), Lebanon (1), and Syria (1). The meta-analysis established that 34.3% (confidence interval [CI]: 20.2%-51.9%) of Middle Eastern newborns received breastfeeding initiated within an hour of birth, and only 20.5% (CI: 14.5%-28.2%) were fed only breast milk for the first 6 months. The 8 studies exploring breastfeeding initiation most commonly associated it with the following: delivery mode, maternal employment, rooming-in, and prelacteal feeding. The 17 studies investigating exclusive breastfeeding most frequently linked it to the following: maternal age, maternal education, maternal employment, and delivery mode. Conclusions: Middle Eastern health care organizations should fully understand all the determinants of breastfeeding identified by this review to provide suitable practical guidance and advice to help new mothers to overcome barriers where possible and to contribute to improving infant and maternal health in the region.
Beliefs and knowledge of cardiovascular-related disease among uninsured primary care patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kamimura Akiko , Nourian Maziar M. , Chernenko Alla , Rathi Naveen , Oslund Michael-Ann , Ashby Jeanie 
Published: December 2017

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine cardiovascular disease-related health beliefs and how they are influenced by knowledge and a sense of community among uninsured primary care patients. Method This study was a cross-sectional study using a self-administered paper survey (January to April 2016). The study population included medically uninsured US-born English speakers, non-US-born English speakers, and Spanish speakers. Results Medically uninsured adults utilizing a free clinic (N = 374) participated in the survey. Increasing knowledge about major risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease helped enhance levels of perceived severity of cardiovascular disease and benefits of healthy diet and physical activity. Spanish speakers reported higher levels of perceived severity of cardiovascular disease but lower levels of knowledge compared to US-born or non-US-born English speakers. Conclusion Spanish speakers may need different approaches to promote cardiovascular disease prevention due to their higher levels of perceived severity of cardiovascular disease but lower levels of cardiovascular disease-related knowledge compared to English speakers. Developing a healthy “community” in a clinic setting may be effective to promote cardiovascular disease-related health for underserved populations.
Risk of Hypoglycemia During Insulin Infusion Directed by Paper Protocol Versus Electronic Glycemic Management System in Critically Ill Patients at a Large Academic Medical Center
Authors: Rabinovich Marina , Grahl Jessica , Durr Emily , Gayed Rita , Chester Katleen , McFarland Raymie , McLean Barbara 
Published: December 2017

Background: Insulin infusions are commonly utilized to control hyperglycemia in critically ill patients and decrease hyperglycemia associated complications. Safety concerns have been raised in trials evaluating methods of glycemic control regarding the incidence of hypoglycemia and its relationship to increased mortality. Electronic glycemic management systems (eGMS) may result in less variable blood glucose (BG) control and less hypoglycemia. This study aimed to compare BG control, time in target BG range, and the rate of hypoglycemia when critically ill patients were managed with an insulin infusion guided by paper-based protocol (PBP) versus eGMS. Methods: This retrospective review compared critically ill patients ≥ 18 years old that received insulin infusion from March to May 2015 (PBP group) and October to January 2017 (eGMS group). The primary outcome was the incidence of hypoglycemia. Secondary outcomes included frequency and severity of hypoglycemia, duration in glycemic target, length of insulin therapy, as well as ICU and hospital length of stay. Results: Fifty-four patients were evaluated, 27 in each group. Percentage of days with BG <70 mg/dL was significantly reduced after eGMS implementation (21.5% v 1.3%, P < .0001) including the frequency of severe hypoglycemia (BG < 40 mg/dL) (5.4% v 0.01%, P < .0001). Patients in the eGMS group spent a greater amount of time in target BG range (31.5% v 63.7%, P < .0001). Conclusions: An eGMS has the potential to address many of the unmet needs of an optimal glycemic control strategy, minimizing hypoglycemia, and glycemic variability in a heterogeneous critically ill population.
The transpulmonary ratio of endothelin 1 is elevated in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and combined pre‐ and post‐capillary pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Meoli David F. , Su Yan Ru , Brittain Evan L. , Robbins Ivan M. , Hemnes Anna R. , Monahan Ken 
Published: December 2017

Pulmonary hypertension complicating left heart disease (PH‐LHD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially in patients who develop combined pre‐ and post‐capillary PH (Cpc‐PH). Mechanisms underlying PH‐LHD are incompletely understood, particularly for individuals with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). We hypothesized that transpulmonary concentrations of biomarkers representing signaling pathways with known effects on the pulmonary circulation could provide insight into the molecular etiology of PH‐LHD in patients with preserved LVEF. Blood samples were collected from the pulmonary artery (PA) and wedge positions of outpatients with normal LVEF referred for right heart catheterization. Hemodynamic tracings were reviewed to classify patients as “no PH” (n = 23) or “PH‐LHD” (n = 22). A biomarker’s transpulmonary ratio (TPR) was calculated as the quotient of wedge and PA concentrations. The TPR of endothelin 1 (ET‐1) was elevated in Cpc‐PH (n = 10) compared to no PH or isolated post‐capillary PH (Ipc‐PH, n = 12); cAMP and cGMP TPRs were not different among groups. Higher ET‐1 TPR in Cpc‐PH was due to increased wedge ET‐1 concentration. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) strongly correlated with wedge ET‐1 exclusively in Cpc‐PH patients. In patients with normal LVEF and Cpc‐PH, ET‐1 TPR is higher, due to elevated wedge ET‐1, compared to those without PH or with Ipc‐PH. Strong correlation between PVR and wedge ET‐1, observed only in the Cpc‐PH group, may suggest increased pulmonary vascular responsiveness to ET‐1 in these patients. These findings implicate elevated pulmonary ET‐1 as a marker of, and a potential contributor to, development of Cpc‐PH in this population.
Injury Incidence and Patterns Among Dutch CrossFit Athletes
Authors: Mehrab Mirwais , de Vos Robert-Jan , Kraan Gerald A. , Mathijssen Nina M.C. 
Published: December 2017

Background: CrossFit is a strength and conditioning program that has gained widespread recognition, with 11,000 affiliated gyms worldwide. The incidence of injuries during CrossFit training is poorly analyzed. Purpose: To investigate the incidence of injuries for persons participating in CrossFit. Risk factors for injury and injury mechanisms were also explored through athlete demographics and characteristics. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A questionnaire that focused on injury incidence in CrossFit in the past year and included data on athlete demographics and characteristics was distributed to all 130 CrossFit gyms in the Netherlands and was also available online in active Facebook groups. Data were collected from July 2015 to January 2016. Inclusion criteria consisted of age ≥18 years and training at a registered CrossFit gym in the Netherlands. A total of 553 participants completed the survey. Univariable and multivariable generalized linear mixed models were used to identify potential risk factors for injury. Results: A total of 449 participants met the inclusion criteria. Of all respondents, 252 athletes (56.1%) sustained an injury in the preceding 12 months. The most injured body parts were the shoulder (n = 87, 28.7%), lower back (n = 48, 15.8%), and knee (n = 25, 8.3%). The duration of participation in CrossFit significantly affected the injury incidence rates (≥24 months vs <6 months; odds ratio, 3.687 [95% CI, 2.091-6.502]; P < .001). The majority of injuries were caused by overuse (n = 148, 58.7%). Conclusion: The injury incidence for athletes participating in CrossFit was 56.1%. The most frequent injury locations were the shoulder, lower back, and knee. A longer duration of participation (≥24 months) was significantly associated with an increased risk for injury.
How I treat CLL patients with ibrutinib
Authors: Brown Jennifer R. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIbrutinib is a transformative therapy for high-risk and relapsed refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. In clinical trials in relatively healthy younger patients, ibrutinib has been well tolerated. As its use has become more widespread in the community, however, its full adverse event profile has emerged and proven more challenging than was initially anticipated. Reports of community-based use have estimated discontinuation rates as high as 40% in the first year of therapy. This article therefore reviews my approach to the evaluation and management of a CLL patient starting on ibrutinib, with the goal of minimizing and managing toxicity to maintain patients on ibrutinib. Key topics discussed include bleeding risk; cardiac complications, particularly atrial fibrillation; drug interactions; and infections.
Loss of NRF2 function exacerbates the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease in a transgenic mouse model
Authors: Zhu Xingguo , Xi Caixia , Thomas Bobby , Pace Betty S. 
Published: December 2017

Key Points
NRF2 knockout inhibits fetal hemoglobin expression during gestational erythropoiesis in SCD mice. Loss of the cellular antioxidant response mediated by NRF2 exacerbates spleen damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress in SCD mice.
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia in an adolescent with ataxia-telangiectasia: novel approach with a JAK3 inhibitor (tofacitinib)
Authors: Li Geling , Waite Emily , Wolfson Julie 
Published: December 2017

Key Points
A 19-year-old ataxia-telangiectasia patient with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia harbored 2 JAK3-activating hotspot mutations. The patient suffered toxicities with chemotherapy, but demonstrated a clinical response to novel use of a JAK3 inhibitor (tofacitinib).
Complete genome sequence of lytic bacteriophage RG-2014 that infects the multidrug resistant bacterium Delftia tsuruhatensis ARB-1
Authors: Bhattacharjee Ananda Shankar , Motlagh Amir Mohaghegh , Gilcrease Eddie B. , Islam Md Imdadul , Casjens Sherwood R. , Goel Ramesh 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA lytic bacteriophage RG-2014 infecting a biofilm forming multidrug resistant bacterium Delftia tsuruhatensis strain ARB-1 as its host was isolated from a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant. Lytic phage RG-2014 was isolated for developing phage based therapeutic approaches against Delftia tsuruhatensis strain ARB-1. The strain ARB-1 belongs to the Comamonadaceae family of the Betaproteobacteria class. RG-2014 was characterized for its type, burst size, latent and eclipse time periods of 150 ± 9 PFU/cell, 10-min, <5-min, respectively. The phage was found to be a dsDNA virus belonging to the Podoviridae family. It has an isometric icosahedrally shaped capsid with a diameter of 85 nm. The complete genome of the isolated phage was sequenced and determined to be 73.8 kbp in length with a G + C content of 59.9%. Significant similarities in gene homology and order were observed between Delftia phage RG-2014 and the E. coli phage N4 indicating that it is a member of the N4-like phage group.