bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistics of general morbidity and mortality from non-neoplastic diseases of the thyroid gland in iodine-deficient regions located within the zone of radioactive contamination (using the Penza region as an example)
Authors: Tsyplikhin N. O. , Komarova E. V. , Fedorova M. G. , Vasiliev V. S. 
Published: February 2025

Thyroid diseases occupy one of the leading places in the world among all non-neoplastic diseases of the endocrine system. This problem is also relevant in the Russian Federation, their prevalence depending on the region ranges from 35 to 60 %. Aim of the study was to investigate the structure of morbidity and mortality from thyroid diseases in iodinedeficient regions located within the zone of radioactive contamination using the Penza region as an example. Material and methods. The data of the regional information and analytical medical system ProMed were analyzed. Overall morbidity was studied from January to April 2024, mortality – from 2019 to 2024. Results. 89.70 % of cases were registered in women of all age categories, and only 10.30 % in men. The thyroid diseases were mainly diagnosed in elderly people (36.41 % of cases). Their structure is specific for age categories: among persons under 18 years of age, “other specified thyroid diseases” were most often registered (31.67 % of cases), in the age group from 18 to 44 years – “unspecified thyroid disease” (25 %), among patients aged 45 to 90 years – nontoxic multinodular goiter (28.65 % of cases in middle-aged individuals, 35.2 % among the elderly and 29.55 % – among the seniors). Mortality from thyroid diseases is extremely rare, but in some cases, thyroid diseases were indicated in the “other important conditions” column of the death certificate, therefore, pathological conditions of the gland make a significant contribution to the development of thanatogenesis. Conclusions. The gender and age distribution of thyroid diseases was established; they predominate in women in all age categories, the elderly are at risk. Mortality due to this category of diseases is rare. At the same time, the development of both hypo- and hyperthyroidism negatively affects the functioning of a number of organs and systems of the body, which can make a significant contribution to the development of thanatogenesis. The number of registered cases of thyroid diseases in the region generally corresponds to the general statistical data for the Russian Federation.
Areca Nut Use and Its Association with Health Risk Perception among Youth Population in China
Authors: Zhiqiang Li , Xuanhe Zhang , Zhongfu Liu , Shijie Gao , Jiangshan Ai 
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to explore the use behaviors of areca nut, associated risk perceptions, and their relationship in the Chinese youth population. A total of Chinese youth aged 18-24 participated in an online survey using a self-administered questionnaire. The analysis revealed that while the overall rate of current areca nut use was low, a higher proportion of young males reported both current and prior use compared to females. The primary motivations for using areca nut included its perceived refreshing effects and stress relief, while curiosity and social sharing were the main reasons for trying it. Participants showed limited awareness of certain health risks, such as its potential to cause gastric inflammation, perforation, and malnutrition, compared to its oral health hazards. Insufficient knowledge of these health risks was identified as a key driver of areca nut use, alongside other factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and residing in areas where areca nut production and processing are prevalent. The findings highlight areca nut use as a growing health concern among Chinese youth, with use behaviors closely tied to risk perceptions. Targeted educational efforts to raise awareness about the harms of areca nut are crucial to addressing this issue.
Keywords Areca nut use, Risk perception, Youth health education
Membangun Otonomi Daerah yang Efektif
Authors: Khosaiful Khasail , Rahmatulloh Muhammad Ilham , Taufiqurrahman Naufal , Romadhon Muhammad Syahrur 
Published: February 2025

Desentralisasi dan otonomi daerah menjadi pilar penting dalam pembangunan demokrasi di Indonesia. Diharapkan dengan otonomi daerah, setiap daerah dapat mengelola sumber daya dan menentukan arah pembangunannya sendiri, sehingga tercipta kesejahteraan rakyat yang merata. Otonomi daerah di Indonesia telah diatur dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, termasuk Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, dan berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan lainnya. Namun, dalam praktiknya, otonomi daerah masih dihadapkan dengan berbagai tantangan, seperti lemahnya penegakan hukum, kurangnya kapasitas aparatur daerah, dan masih kuatnya intervensi pemerintah pusat. Hal ini menyebabkan otonomi daerah belum berjalan secara efektif dan belum mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kembali kerangka hukum pemerintahan daerah di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada efektivitas otonomi daerah. Artikel ini akan menganalisis berbagai aspek hukum pemerintahan daerah, termasuk struktur kelembagaan, pembagian kewenangan, pendanaan daerah, dan mekanisme pengawasan.Kata Kunci: Otonomi Daerah; Kerangka Hukum Pemerintahan Daerah; Efektivitas
Decentralization and regional autonomy are important pillars in developing democracy in Indonesia. It is hoped that with regional autonomy, each region can manage its own resources and determine its own development direction, thereby creating equal welfare for the people. Regional autonomy in Indonesia has been regulated in various statutory regulations, including the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government, and various other statutory regulations. However, in practice, regional autonomy is still faced with various challenges, such as weak law enforcement, lack of capacity of regional officials, and strong central government intervention. This causes regional autonomy to not run effectively and not achieve the expected goals. This article aims to review the legal framework for regional government in Indonesia, with a focus on the effectiveness of regional autonomy. This article will analyze various legal aspects of regional government, including institutional structure, division of authority, regional funding, and monitoring mechanisms.
Digitalisasi UMKM Melalui Program Sibakul Jogja dalam Upaya Peningkatan Daya Saing
Authors: Nurfauziah Nurfauziah , Albari Albari , Suhartini Suhartini , Mulyati Sri 
Published: February 2025

Perkembangan teknologi digital dewasa ini menutut pelaku usaha UMKM juga harus mengembangkan diri dan mengikuti perkembangan jaman. Pengguanaan teknologi digital diharapkan mampu mengubah cara kerja, pengolahan, penyimpanan dan juga pengiriman informasi. Digitalisasi UMKM yang beralih ke pola penjualan online melalui marketplace menjadi satu pemecahan masalah bagi UMKM untuk mampu bersaing dan tetap bertahan hidup dalam kondisi yang tidak menentu. Pendampingan pada UMKM dilakukan di Kelurahan Ngestiharjo Kecamatan Kasihan Kabupaten Bantul. Pelaku usaha UMKM di kelurahan itu hampir semua belum menggunakan teknologi digital. Pendampingan bekerja sama dengan Dinas Koperasi dan UKM DIY berupa pelatihan strategi pemasaran melalui teknologi digital. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh perwakilan dari 20 kelompok tani se Kelurahan Ngestiharjo Kasihan Bantul. Di akhir kegiatan seluruh kelompok tani mendaftarkan diri dalam program Si Bakul Yogya yang merupakan program Diskop UKM DIY. Dengan mengikuti program SiBakul Jogja diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya saing UMKM yang ada di Kelurahan Ngestiharjo Kasihan Bantul.
Transformer Neural Networks for Behavior-Centric Production Forecasting in Unconventional Reservoir
Authors: Cornelio Jodel , Mohd Razak Syamil , Cho Young , Liu Hui-Hai , Vaidya Ravimadhav , Jafarpour Behnam 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Data-driven models, such as neural networks, provide an alternative to physics-based simulations in predicting well behavior within unconventional reservoirs. However, these models struggle to interpret the factors behind production performance, the underlying physics of the process, and correlations unique to individual wells and their flow behaviors. These models are designed to approximate general trends present in data sets, which can hinder their ability to learn behaviors specific to certain data segments. In large unconventional fields, wells within a single formation can exhibit varied production behaviors, emphasizing the need to segment the data into more relevant subsets. Such data segmentation enables the development of local models (LMs) that capture regional or behavioral correlations. In contrast, a field-wide (global) AI model, trained on the entirety of the data, tends to produce averaged predictions, which can dilute specific correlations and reduce the overall predictive power.
This work uses a transformer neural network to enable a behavior-based clustering process in predicting production from unconventional fields. By leveraging the attention mechanism inherent in transformers, we extract attention scores that link well properties to production behaviors. The information from these attention scores improves the clustering quality, which is crucial for training data-driven models on segmented data sets. The proposed approach highlights the advantages of developing behavior-centric (local) models that provide higher accuracy by capturing correlations distinct to a particular region or production behavior. Notably, the attention mechanism facilitates the isolation and curation of data subsets for training behavior-centric models, thereby improving prediction performance.
MoS2 Flash Memory Arrays with Sb Contact for Highly Efficient and Low-Latency Analog In-Memory Searches
Authors: Li Can , Gao Guoyun , Wen Bo , Yang Ni , Du Zhiyuan , Jiang Mingrui , Mao Ruibin , Cao Yingnan , Xue Hongxia , Yip Pak San , Liu Qihan , Wan Yi , Ki Dong-Keun , Tang Jinyao , Chan Paddy K. L. , Jiang Hao , Wang Han , Li Lain-Jong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

With the rapid growth of AI and edge devices, the transfer of data between memory and computing units has emerged as a significant bottleneck in traditional digital hardware. Content addressable memories (CAMs) offer a promising solution by processing information directly within memory, but existing implementations using SRAM and, more recently, those using emerging nonvolatile memories are constrained by the performance of silicon transistors. In this work, we introduce an ultra-compact analog CAM that utilizes atomic thin 2D MoS₂ flash memories with semimetal antimony (Sb) contacts. Our device achieves the highest readout current (60μA/μm) and large ON/OFF ratios (>109) reported in 2D flash memories, which results in record low energy consumption and latency (below 0.1fJ/10 ps per search per cell) during analog in-memory search operations in our physical 8x16 analog CAM array with 256 MoS2 flash memory devices. Furthermore, we showcased analog Hamming distance computing for k-nearest neighbor (KNN) classification using our 2D analog CAM hardware, showing high accuracy, energy efficiency, and low latency for machine learning applications. This work experimentally demonstrates the potential of 2D materials in overcoming current hardware limitations, paving the way for more efficient and scalable computing solutions in intelligence edge devices.
Advanced Energy Storage Solutions by Interleaved Converters and Movable Centrifugal Pumps for MSEVs in Un-Grid Areas
Authors: Raj A. Edwin Isaac , Sobia M. Carmel , M Ravindran 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In this paper, we designed a compact, multipurpose self -sustaining electric vehicle (MSEV) that can charge itself. This machine uses a solar panel to convert sunlight into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery for later utilization in off-grid areas with the help of an Interleaved Boost Converter. Moreover, the BLDC motor itself acts as an AC generator during pedaling operations, thereby charging the battery. Since the BLDC motor also acts as an AC generator, a bidirectional converter is used to supply and store energy to and from the BLDC machine. In addition to serving as a motor and generator, this BLDC machine also functions as a Movable Centrifugal Pump (MCP), storing kinetic energy. Thus, a self-sustaining EV that also acts as a mobile centrifugal pump is both compact and efficient. The hardware setup of the bicycle has been tested as a prototype for its multipurpose functionality, including transportation, battery charging, and un-grid kinetic energy storage pump applications, showcasing the novelty of this work. The output of this machine was simulated using MATLAB software for various modes of operation, and the results were very promising. Inspired by work on dual-switch converters, proportional-integral (PI) techniques are incorporated to enhance energy conversion efficiency and reduce harmonic distortions, improving overall system power quality efficiency to 96.8%. Additionally, advanced wavelet transforms methods for harmonic identification have been considered to optimize inverter performance (THD of 1.3%), further ensuring reliable energy storage and transfer. With the integration of a high-efficiency bidirectional converter as suggested, the system achieves superior energy management, making it ideal for renewable energy applications in un-grid areas (UGA).
New method for reducing evaporation losses in dams, large stagnant water, and agricultural water management
Authors: Yousefi Hamidoddin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Abstract
This study evaaluates two research methods to mitigate water evaporation in arid regions with high temperatures and sparse rainfall. The first method assesses evaporation control using locally available date palm yarn (SEES) as a floating cover for water bodies. The second method investigates the effect of SEES laid under ploughed ground to enhance soil moisture retention. Evaporation from water surfaces was measured using two identical evaporation pan—one covered with date palm yarn and the other left open—over two months. Results indicate a 7.5% reduction in evaporation for the covered pool compared to the open one. The floating SEES cover provided shade, reduced direct solar exposure, and conserved more water for irrigation. Additionally, SEES placed under ploughed soil retained moisture, increasing soil water content and plant root absorption. Chemical analysis revealed that SEES contains beneficial compounds that enhance soil wettability and nutrient retention. This method provides a low-cost, sustainable, and eco-friendly solution for reducing water loss in agriculture and water reservoirs.
Assessing the Impact of groundwater quality on human health in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria
Authors: Nlemolisa O.R. , Ogbulie J.N. , Orji J.C. , Nweke C.O. , Kemka U.N. , Gaius-Mbalisi V.K. , Ihenetu F.C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Groundwater serves as a significant source of water for consumption and household purposes. The lack of a public water supply scheme by the government has led individuals to indiscriminately sink boreholes, using the water for drinking and fulfilling their domestic needs without following the international best practices and standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other regulatory bodies in Nigeria, such as the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). The utilization of this water poses significant risks to human health. The investigation focused on the effects of groundwater quality on human health in Aba, Abia state, Nigeria. Water samples were obtained from ten existing boreholes located near waste dumps and mechanic workshops during both the dry and rainy seasons. The analysis of psychochemical parameters and heavy metals in the water samples was conducted employing standard methodologies. The findings indicated that the acidic pH values ranged from 4.72 to 6.28 during the dry season and from 3.42 to 6.1 in the rainy season. All groundwater samples from the study area exhibited elevated levels of BOD, COD, DO, cadmium (Cr), and chromium (Cr) concentrations that surpassed the World Health Organization (WHO) limits for drinking water. The pollution load index across all samples demonstrated a low level. The quantification of contamination indicates that Cadmium (Cd) at all sites originates from anthropogenic activities, whereas Zinc (Zn) is derived from lithogenic sources across all sites and during both seasons. Both adults and children exhibited elevated hazard quotients greater than 1 and hazard indices exceeding 1, attributed to high levels of Cr, Fe, and Cd. Carcinogenic risk values exceeding 10− 6 and 10− 4 were identified in the samples, indicating a possible health risk for both children and adults across both seasons. The water quality index of samples collected from both seasons indicated that their status was deemed unsuitable for consumption. The results indicate a critical necessity for the treatment of groundwater sourced from the dumpsite prior to consumption in order to prevent significant health hazards. Ultimately, it is essential to remediate waste dumpsites or permit natural remediation before constructing residential structures and installing boreholes for water supply in these areas.
Targets Involved in the Pharmacology of Bothrops Snakebite: Statu Quo and Future Perspectives
Authors: Alves Álisson Emannuel Franco , Formiga Allessya Lara Dantas , Uchôa Ana Flávia Chaves , Cardoso Anny Leticia Marinho Ramos , Rodrigues Eduardo Oliveira Aquino Leal , Pereira Graziela Maria de Araujo , Leite Julia de Pádua Farias Bezerra , da Silva Luís Fellipe Alves , de Sousa Natália Ferreira , Sobral Marcelo da Silva , Scotti Marcus Tullius , Scotti Luciana , Xavier Júnior Francisco Humberto 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Despite their hazardous nature, snake venoms hold immense potential
for the development of novel therapies. This summary delves into the key aspects of snake venom
research, focusing on their significance as targets for neutralization, their utility as novel drugs,
the application of in silico studies, and future prospects with nanotechnology.

Significance of Snake Venom:
Snake venom harbors a rich diversity of toxic proteins with a wide
range of biological activities. Its importance lies in the possibility of neutralizing its detrimental effects
and exploring its therapeutic potential for diverse ailments.

Venom Neutralization:
The development of more effective and specific antivenoms is crucial for
treating snakebites, particularly in regions with a high prevalence of accidents. Molecular-level
venom studies are essential for identifying novel targets for the development of more efficacious
antivenoms.

Venom as a Source of Novel Drugs:
Proteins present in snake venom exhibit diverse pharmacological
activities, including antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties.
Investigating these proteins can lead to the development of novel medications for various diseases.

In silico Studies:
Bioinformatics tools and molecular modelling can aid in the discovery of novel
molecular targets in snake venom, accelerating the process of developing new drugs and therapies.

Nanotechnology for Drug Delivery:
Nanotechnology offers new possibilities for developing
more efficient and targeted drug delivery systems, enhancing the safety and effectiveness of snake
venom-based treatments.

Conclusion:
Snake venom research represents a promising area of inquiry with immense potential
for the development of novel drugs and therapies. The integration of traditional and innovative
techniques, such as in silico studies and nanotechnology, can accelerate this process and contribute
to the advancement of public health.
Metabolic Evaluation of a Novel Hydroxyfuranone Compound: Adiposity Reduction in Obese Mice by Increasing SIRT1 Gene Expression
Authors: Silva Moraes Daniel , Rodrigues Pereira Suely , Duque Esteves Tulio , Americo Correia Ana Carolina , Hugo Dantas Guimarães Victor , Alves Pereira Ulisses , do Couto Tavares Eder , Maurício Batista de Paula Alfredo , Jeane Aguiar Carla , Conceição Farias Lucyana , Luiz Sena Guimarães André , Sousa Santos Sérgio Henrique 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Obesity is one of the main health problems worldwide and is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this context, butenolides and sulfonamides are known for their anti-obesity effects.

Objective:
The present study aimed to synthesize a novel molecule containing the moieties hydroxybutenolide and sulfonamide [3-chloro-4-(p-chlorophenylsulfonylamino)-5-hy-droxyfuran-2(5H)-one] (FS) and evaluate its metabolic effects in an obese mice model with metabolic syndrome.

Methods:
4 groups of mice were divided into standard diet (ST), standard diet with added hydroxybutenolide (ST+FS), high-fat diet (HF), and high-fat diet with added hydroxy-butenolide (HF+FS). Over 30 days, FS was administered by gavage at a dose of 70 mg/kg/day. Body weight, food consumption, glycemic tests, total serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, histological analyses, and gene expression by RT-PCR for the adipose tissue genes SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT5, and NFKβ, were evaluated.

Results:
A decrease in body weight was observed after FS administration (ST+FS: -7.81±4.39 and HF+FS: -11.77±9.59), reducing glucose and fasting blood glucose in the treated group. Adipose tissue mass (ST+FS: 0.017 ±0.011; HF+FS: 0.062±0.017), white epididymal adipose tissue volume, triglycerides, as well as the adipocyte area, were lower for the HF+FS group. SIRT1 and SIRT3 expressions were higher in groups that received hydroxybutenolide.

Conclusion:
Treatment with FS 3-chloro-4-(p-chlorophenylsulfonylamino)-5-hydroxy-furan-2(5H)-one improved metabolic profile and increased the SIRT1 expression.
Validity of Lung Ultrasound Score and Inferior Vena Cava Diameter Compared to Pulse Pressure Variation Predicting Fluid Responsiveness in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients: A Comparative Study
Authors: Fargaly Omar Sayed , Hamed Mohamed Ahmed , Botros Joseph Makram , Abd El Baky Doaa Lotfy , Basiony Mohammed Magdy 
Published: February 2025

Background
The assessment and regulation of intravascular volume provides a significant problem for critically ill cases.

Aim
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of IVC and lung ultrasonography compared to pulse pressure differences in expecting fluid responsiveness in cases mechanically ventilated with circulatory failure.

Methods
The research has been performed on 150 cases in the ICU of Fayoum University Hospitals with permission from the local institutional ethical committee and the local institutional review board (D 310).

Results
A statistically significant variance has been observed among fluid responders and fluid non-responders with p-value < 0.05 regarding delta lung B lines, inferior vena diameter during both inspiration and expiration, inferior vena cava distensibility index, and pulse pressure variation, while there was a statistically insignificant variance regarding lung B lines, heart rate, central venous pressure, urine output, serum lactate, and ICU stay with p-value more than 0.05. Additionally, the area under the Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and the p-values for various hemodynamic and ultrasound variables were investigated. Variables with p-values fewer than 0.05 (statistically significant) have been shown their sensitivities (true positive), specificities (true negative), and best cut-off values.

Conclusion
Pulse pressure variation, lung ultrasound, and inferior vena cava distensibility index have a predictive value for fluid responsiveness with high specificity and sensitivity.