bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Matrix Approach to the Analysis and Control of Networked Evolutionary Games with Bankruptcy Mechanism
Authors: Fu Shihua , Wang Yuzhen , Zhao Guodong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates the evolutionary dynamic and control problem for a kind of networked evolutionary games with bankruptcy mechanism by using semi‐tensor product of matrices, and presents a number of new results. First, this kind of games are expressed as logical dynamic networks and converted into their algebraic forms, based on which, the evolutionary dynamics of the given games can be discussed. Second, the control problem is considered, and a control sequence is designed to guarantee that none of players goes bankrupt as the control target requires. Finally, an illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness of our main results.
Formation of a Trifluorophosphane Platinum(II) Complex by P−F Bond Activation of Phosphorus Pentafluoride with a Pt0Complex
Authors: Arnold Nicole , Bertermann Rüdiger , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias , Braunschweig Holger , Drisch Michael , Finze Maik , Hupp Florian , Poater Jordi , Sprenger Jan A. P. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe reaction of PF5with [(Cy3P)2Pt] gave the PF3complextrans‐[(Cy3P)2PtF(PF3)][PF6], which was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this reaction is the first example of the oxidative addition of a P−F bond to a transition metal and is a rare example of an activation of a main‐group‐element–fluorine bond by a metal. Relativistic DFT calculations showed that the formation of the Lewis pair [(Cy3P)2Pt→PF5], which was not observed even at low temperatures, represents the initial step of the reaction. From this key intermediate, the cationtrans‐[(Cy3P)2PtF(PF3)]+was furnished by a two‐step mechanism involving, successively, a second and a third PF5molecule.
Antagonistic effect of N‐ethylmaleimide on arsenic‐mediated oxidative stress‐induced poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ation and cytotoxicity
Authors: Wang Alexander Sheng‐Shin , Chou Yu‐Ting , Pu Yeong‐Shiau 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLong‐term exposure to arsenic has been known to induce neoplastic initiation and progression in several organs; however, the role of arsenic (As2O3) in oxidative stress‐mediated DNA damage remains elusive. One of the immediate cellular responses to DNA damage is poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ation (PARylation), which mediates DNA repair and enhances cell survival. In this study, we found that oxidative stress (H2O2)‐induced PARylation was suppressed by As2O3 exposure in different human cancer cells. Moreover, As2O3 treatment promoted H2O2‐induced DNA damage and apoptosis, leading to increased cell death. We found that N‐ethylmaleimide (NEM), an organic compound derived from maleic acid, could reverse As2O3‐mediated effects, thus enhancing PARylation with attenuated cell death and increased cell survival. Pharmacologic inhibition of glutathione with l‐buthionine‐sulfoximine blocked the antagonistic effect of NEM on As2O3, thereby continuing As2O3‐mediated suppression of PARylation and causing DNA damage. Our findings identify NEM as a potential antidote against As2O3‐mediated DNA damage in a glutathione‐dependent manner. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fructose dehydration to 5‐HMF over three sulfonated carbons: effect of different pore structures
Authors: Wang Jiangang , Zhu Liwei , Wang Yong , Cui Hongyou , Zhang Yunyun , Zhang Yuan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo invesigate the effect of pore structure on catalysis behavior, three sulfonated carbons with hierarchically ordered pores (SCHOP), mesopores (SMC), or micropores (SAC) were compared in conversion of fructose with 5‐hydroxymethyl furfural (5‐HMF). Fructose and 5‐HMF adsorption by three carbons with different pore structures were also measured. Kinetic modeling was employed to correlate the reaction and the adsorption data.RESULTSSEM characterization showed that SCHOP has hierarchical ordered macropores (about 220 nm in pore diameter) and mesopores (4.81 nm), whereas N2 adsorption desorption, EDS and –SO3H group determination suggested both its specific surface area and –SO3H group content were close to those of SMC but quite distinct in comparison with SAC. The fitted active energies of fructose dehydration over SCHOP, SMC and SAC by a pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model were 84.54, 62.88, and 61.42 kJ mol−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONIt was found that pore structure has a significant effect on catalytic activity and 5‐HMF selectivity. SCHOP was a highly efficient catalyst for fructose dehydration to 5‐HMF. Adsorption capacity measurement confirmed SCHOP favored the internal diffusion of both fructose and 5‐HMF due to its hierarchical ordered porous structure, and possessed more effective specific area for fructose but less for 5‐HMF. In the presence of SCHOP the rate‐determining step was chemical reaction, whereas in the case of SMC or SAC the effects of molecular internal diffusion were not negligible. As a result, SCHOP was superior to both SMC and SAC for fructose conversion and 5‐HMF selectivity. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
A novel “shrug technique” for totally implantable venous access devices via the external jugular vein: A consecutive series of 254 patients
Authors: Kagawa Tetsuya , Ueyama Satoshi , Kobayashi Tatsunori , Okabayashi Hiroki , Kuroda Shinji , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundThe external jugular vein (EJV) approach for totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) is safe. However, the success rate is unsatisfactory because of the difficulty in catheterization due to the acute angle between the EJV and the subclavian vein (SCV). A novel “shrug technique” to overcome this difficulty was developed, and its efficacy was assessed in a consecutive case series.MethodsTIVAD placement was performed via the EJV cut‐down approach. “Shrug technique,” a simple way to straighten the EJV–SVC angle by shrugging the patient's shoulder, was applied to facilitate the passage of the guidewire and sheath‐introducer when there was acute angulation between the EJV and SCV.ResultsA total of 254 patients underwent TIVAD implantation by the EJV cut‐down approach. The “shrug technique” was applied in 51 cases (20%), and catheterization was successful in all cases. Thus, TIVAD implantation was successfully completed in all 254 cases (100%) in a single operative setting. The median operating time was 38 [IQR 30–45] min. Eleven complications (4%) were observed, but none of them were EJV‐specific.ConclusionThe “shrug technique” is simple but very useful to achieve a higher success rate and safer insertion of TIVADs from the EJV. J. Surg. Oncol. 2017;115:291–295. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tracing Sediment Sources in a Subtropical Agricultural Catchment of Southern Brazil Cultivated With Conventional and Conservation Farming Practices
Authors: Le Gall Marion , Evrard Olivier , Dapoigny Arnaud , Tiecher Tales , Zafar Mohsin , Minella Jean Paolo Gomes , Laceby J. Patrick , Ayrault Sophie 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn Brazil, agricultural expansion has increased soil erosion and sediment supply to waterways. As elevated sediment loads often degrade freshwater environments, sediment fingerprinting techniques are increasingly used to identify the sources supplying sediment to riverine and lacustrine environments. In this study, the contribution of various soil types to sediment was investigated in the Guaporé catchment (2,032 km2) in southern Brazil. Soil samples (n = 75) were collected to characterise five soil types: Ferralsols (n = 26), Nitisols (n = 13), Acrisols (n = 8), Leptosols (n = 6) and Luvisols (n = 22). Sediment samples (n = 7) were collected in a trap installed at the catchment outlet. Sediment source contributions were modelled according to soil types with elemental geochemistry and 87Sr/86Sr ratios. 87Sr/86Sr ratios, K, Ti, Co, As, Ba and Pb were selected as the optimal suite of properties discriminating between soil types. Sediment samples were modelled to mainly originate from downstream Acrisols [mean 41%, standard deviation (SD) 2%], Leptosols (mean 34%, SD 4%) and Luvisols (mean 17%, SD 4%). In contrast, contributions of upstream Ferralsols (mean 4%, SD 2%) and Nitisols (mean 4%, SD 6%) were low. These results suggest that soils found in lower parts of the catchment, cultivated with conventional agriculture on steep slopes, were the main source of sediment to the river network. In contrast, soils found in upper parts of the catchment, cultivated with soybean under direct sowing, were less eroded or deposited before reaching the sediment sampling location at the outlet. These findings demonstrate that the management of local and degraded soil sources is important for reducing sediment loads. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid Encapsulation of Cell and Polymer Solutions with Bubble‐Triggered Droplet Generation
Authors: Yan Zihao , Clark Iain C. , Abate Adam R. 
Published: November 2016

The generation of monodisperse droplets with microfluidics is valuable for applications ranging from material science to single cell analysis. However, conventional methods for forming droplets are limited in throughput, particularly when the fluids have low interfacial tension or high viscosity, like biological or polymer fluids. Rapid emulsification of biological and polymer fluids using bubble‐triggered droplet generation is demonstrated. In addition to making droplets over tenfold faster than conventional drop makers with equivalent monodispersity, bubble‐triggering can form droplets smaller than the nozzle, allowing droplets of the desired size to be generated in large channels that are robust against clogging.
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Real time band selective F1‐decoupled proton NMR for the demixing of overlay spectra of chiral molecules
Authors: Nath Nilamoni , Verma Ajay , Baishya Bikash , Khetrapal Chunni Lal 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe small chemical shift dispersion and complex multiplicity pattern in proton NMR limit quantifications, for instance the determination of enantiomeric excess (ee) for an enantiomeric mixture. Herein, we present a simple proton–proton correlation experiment with band selective homonuclear (BASH) decoupling in both F1 and F2 dimensions, for the removal of scalar and residual dipolar couplings to provide collapsed singlet for each chemical site. The method has been demonstrated to separate the severely overlapped spectra of enantiomers using both chiral isotropic and anisotropic phases as well as a small biomolecule, particularly for the diastereotopic protons and also for the determination of ee. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Levator ani muscle innervation: Anatomical study in human fetus
Authors: Nyangoh Timoh Krystel , Bessede Thomas , Lebacle Cedric , Zaitouna Mazen , Martinovic Jelena , Diallo Djibril , Creze Maud , Chevallier Jean‐Marc , Darai Emile , Benoît Gérard , Moszkowicz David 
Published: November 2016

AimsTo characterize the nature and function of the levator ani muscle innervation pathways and to perform a comprehensive three‐dimensional reconstruction of female pelvic innervation.MethodsA computer‐assisted anatomical dissection protocol was applied to seven female human fetuses, after approval from the national biomedicine agency. Specimens were serially sectioned and immunostained for overall (antibody against protein S100), somatic (antibody against peripheral myelin protein 22), adrenergic (antibody against tyrosine hydroxylase), cholinergic (antibody against vesicular acetylcholine transferase), and nitrergic (antibody against the neural isoform of nitric oxide synthase) nerve fibers. Slides were digitized for three‐dimensional reconstructions using WinSurf®.ResultsThree main nerve pathways to the levator ani muscle were observed: the levator ani nerve, the pudendal nerve, and the inferior hypogastric plexus. The pudendal nerve was both somatic and autonomic, located below the levator ani muscle (infralevator pathway), supplying innervation to the inferior aspect of the levator ani muscle. The levator ani nerve was solely somatic, located above the levator ani muscle (supralevator pathway), supplying innervation to the superior aspect of the levator ani muscle. The inferior hypogastric plexus nerve fibers were solely autonomic, located in between the levator ani muscle and pelvic organs (endolevator pathway), supplying innervation to the medial portion of the levator ani muscle.ConclusionsOur study provides a new representation of levator ani muscle innervation with three nerve pathways, and the levator ani muscle itself as an anatomical landmark.
Renal deterioration after spinal cord injury is associated with length of detrusor contractions during cystometry—A study with a median of 41 years follow‐up
Authors: Elmelund Marlene , Klarskov Niels , Bagi Per , Oturai Peter S. , Biering‐Sørensen Fin 
Published: November 2016

AimsTo investigate which urodynamic parameters are associated with renal deterioration over a median of 41 years follow‐up after traumatic spinal cord injury.MethodsMedical records of patients with a traumatic spinal cord injury sustained 1944‐1975 were reviewed from time of injury until 2012. Patients who attended regular renography and/or renal clearance examinations and had minimum one cystometry and pressure‐flow study were included. Renal deterioration was diagnosed as split renal function ≤30% in one kidney or relative glomerular filtration rate ≤51% of expected according to age and gender. Detrusor function, presence of detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, maximum detrusor pressure, post‐void residual volume, and cystometric bladder capacity were obtained. In patients with detrusor overactivity, a detrusor overactivity/cystometry ratio was calculated using duration of detrusor contraction(s) during filling cystometry divided by total duration of filling cystometry.ResultsA total of 73 patients were included in the study, and the median follow‐up time was 41 years after injury (range 24‐56). Sixty‐four patients (88%) used reflex triggering or bladder expression as bladder emptying method for the longest period after injury. During follow‐up 60% changed to clean intermittent catheterization. The majority of the patients (68%) had neurogenic detrusor overactivity. In 35 patients, a detrusor‐overactivity/cystometry ratio could be calculated and a detrusor overactivity/cystometry ratio > 0.33 was significantly associated with renal deterioration (P < 0.02). No significant association was found between maximum detrusor pressure or other urodynamic parameters and renal deterioration.ConclusionsDuration of detrusor overactivity longer than one third of the duration of cystometry is associated with renal deterioration after spinal cord injury.
Simple method to introduce an ester infrared probe into proteins
Authors: Ahmed Ismail A. , Gai Feng 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe ester carbonyl stretching vibration has recently been shown to be a sensitive and convenient infrared (IR) probe of protein electrostatics due to the linear dependence of its frequency on local electric field. While an ester moiety can be easily incorporated into peptides via solid‐phase synthesis, currently there is no method available to site‐specifically incorporate it into a large protein. Herein, we show that it is possible to use a cysteine alkylation reaction to achieve this goal and demonstrate the feasibility of this simple method by successfully incorporating a methyl ester group (CH2COOCH3) into a model peptide (YGGCGG), two amyloid‐forming peptides derived from the insulin B chain and Aβ, and bovine serum albumin (BSA). IR results obtained with those peptide and protein systems further confirm the utility of this vibrational probe in monitoring, for example, the structural integrity of amyloid fibrils and ligand binding‐induced changes in protein local hydration status.
Understanding the Role of Phenanthroline as Interlayer in Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Farinhas Joana , Ferraria Ana M. , do Rego Ana M. B. , Morgado Jorge , Charas Ana 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe report on significant efficiency enhancement of bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells based on blends of poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐alt‐bithiophene), F8T2, or poly[[4,8‐bis[(2‐ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl][3‐fluoro‐2‐[(2‐ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4‐b]thiophenediyl], PTB7, with [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester, PC61BM, upon thermally depositing a layer of a phenanthroline derivative, 4,7‐diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline, BPhen, or 2,9‐dimethyl‐4,7‐diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline, BCP, and LiF. We found that both phenanthroline derivatives form nanostructured layers and that the introduction of the LiF layer is crucial for the cells performance improvement. The interface between BPhen and LiF was investigated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This analysis suggested that charge‐transfer doping of BPhen by fluoride is at the origin of improved electron transport throughout the BPhen layer. The best performing cells display power conversion efficiencies of 2.89 % and 5.89 %, for the blend with F8T2 and PTB7, respectively.
Additive Tendency of Substituent Effects onto Rate Constant of Acidic Hydrolysis of Methyl 4‐O‐Methyl‐β‐d‐Glucopyranoside
Authors: Yoneda Yuko , Hettegger Hubert , Rosenau Thomas , Kawada Toshinari 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAll eight types of differently methyl‐substituted methyl 4‐O‐methyl‐β‐d‐glucopyranosides were chemically synthesized, analytically characterized including 13C NMR analysis, and subjected to acid‐catalyzed hydrolytic cleavage of the glucosides. The 13C NMR resonances of the ring‐carbons shift apprx. 10 ppm down‐field by methyl substitution. Acid hydrolysis (3 mol⋅L−1 DCl/D2O) was followed by 1H NMR to determine the rate constants (k) which all were of first order. Methyl substitution at any position (2‐O, 3‐O and 6‐O) was found to have a simple additive effect on the reaction rate. This was also shown as a linear free energy relationship (LFER). The substituent effects upon mono‐substitution depend on the substitution position: 2‐O‐methyl or 6‐O‐methyl substitution decreased the reaction rate, while 3‐O‐methyl substitution accelerated the hydrolysis. In cases of di‐ or tri‐substitutions these effects were additive.
In Situ Observation of Enhanced Photoinduced Charge Separation in a Gold Nanoparticle Assembly Immobilized on TiO2
Authors: Harada Hirofumi , Onoda Akira , Moriguchi Shiho , Hayashi Takashi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPhotoinduced charge separation on a hybrid titanium dioxide (TiO2) surface with a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) assembly immobilized via a biotin‐streptavidin interaction was visualized by Kelvin force microscopy (KFM). Biotinylated AuNP (Biot‐AuNP) with a diameter of ca. 15 nm was assembled using streptavidin (STV) and the AuNP assembly was immobilized on a TiO2 surface modified with 1‐(3‐aminopropyl)silatrane. KFM reveals that the local contact potential difference (CPD) of dispersed AuNP, which is −17 ± 4.2 mV in the dark, undergoes a negative shift of −46 ± 3.0 mV upon UV‐irradiation (λ=240‐300 nm). In contrast, the AuNP assembly on the TiO2 surface exhibits a greater negative shift of −58 ± 6.0 mV of the CPD, although the CPD value of −16 ± 5.8 mV in the dark is similar to that of the dispersed AuNP. KFM visualization demonstrates that assembly of the AuNP on the TiO2 surface contributes to efficient storage of the negative charge generated by excited electrons in TiO2 during photoinduced charge separation.
Zur Abminderung der Knotentragfähigkeit von Hohlprofilknoten aus hochfesten Kreishohlprofilen
Authors: Bucak Ömer , Ehard Heinrich , Herion Stefan , Fleischer Oliver 
Published: November 2016

AbstractUnserem Freund und Kollegen Herrn Prof. Dr. Eur.‐Ing. Ram Puthli gewidmetDie Verwendung von Stählen mit Streckgrenzen bis zu fy = 690 N/mm2 (S690) für geschweißte Hohlprofilknoten wird derzeit aufgrund des Fehlens ausreichend abgesicherter Bemessungsregelungen behindert. Die Bemessungsempfehlungen der DIN EN 1993‐1‐8 basieren auf experimentellen und numerischen Untersuchungen unter Verwendung der allgemeinen Baustähle S235H und S355H. Auf Grundlage weniger detaillierter Untersuchungen über das Tragverhalten von Hohlprofilknoten aus hochfesten Stählen ist für Knoten aus Querschnitten mit einer Streckgrenze zwischen 355 N/mm2 < fy ≤ 460 N/mm2 eine Abminderung auf 90 % des Bemessungswerts des Knotenwiderstands in der DIN EN 1993‐1‐8 enthalten. In der DIN EN 1993‐1‐12 wird die Abminderung für Knoten aus Querschnitten mit noch höherfesten Stahlsorten mit Streckgrenzen zwischen 460 N/mm2 < fy ≤ 700 N/mm2 sogar auf 80 % reduziert. Für Knoten aus derart hochfesten Querschnitten sind jedoch keine systematischen Untersuchungen bekannt. Beide Abminderungsbeiwerte sind von der Geometrie der Knoten und von der Beanspruchungsart unabhängig.Im Rahmen des von der Forschungsvereinigung Stahlanwendung e.V. (FOSTA) geförderten Projekts P715 und des dem Comité International pour le Développement et l'Etude de la Construction Tubulaire (CIDECT) geförderten Projekts 5BT wurden erforderliche Abminderungen ermittelt und auf Einflüsse der Streckgrenze und der Knotengeometrie hin überprüft.About the reduction of the joint bearing capacity of high strength circular hollow section. The use of high strength steels with yield strengths up to fy = 690 N/mm2 (S690) for welded hollow section joints is hampered due to the lack of adequate provisions in design standards. The design recommendations of DIN EN 1993‐1‐8 are based on experimental and numerical investigations using steel grades S235H or S355H. Based upon the few detailed experimental investigations available dealing with the load carrying behavior of connections made of high strength steels DIN EN 1993‐1‐8 gives a reduction factor of α = 0.9 to the design formulae for joints made of steels with yield strengths 355 N/mm2 < fy ≤ 460 N/mm2. In DIN EN 1993‐1‐12 this reduction factor is further reduced to α = 0.8 for joints with yield strengths 460 N/mm2 < fy ≤ 700 N/mm2 without any testing results. Both reduction factors are independent of the geometry and type of loading of the joints. In the framework of two research projects funded by the Forschungsvereinigung Stahlanwendung e.V. (FOSTA) and the Comité International pour le Développement et l'Etude de la Construction Tubulaire (CIDECT) the necessary reduction factors are verified.
Cuckoo: flexible compute‐intensive task offloading in mobile cloud computing
Authors: Zhou Zhigang , Zhang Hongli , Ye Lin , Du Xiaojiang 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMobile cloud computing (MCC) is an emerging technology to facilitate complex application execution on mobile devices. Mobile users are motivated to implement various tasks using their mobile devices for great flexibility and portability. However, such advantages are challenged by the limited battery life of mobile devices. This paper presents Cuckoo, a scheme of flexible compute‐intensive task offloading in MCC for energy saving. Cuckoo seeks to balance the key design goals: maximize energy saving (technical feasibility) and minimize the impact on user experience with limited cost for offloading (realistic feasibility). Specifically, using a combination of static analysis and dynamic profiling, compute‐intensive tasks are fine‐grained marked from mobile application codes offline. According to the network transmission technologies supported in mobile devices and the runtime network conditions, adopting “task‐bundled” strategy online offloads these tasks to MCC. In the task‐hosted stage, we propose a skyline‐based online resource scheduling strategy to satisfy the realistic feasibility of MCC. In addition, we adopt resource reservation to reduce the extra energy consumption caused by the task multi‐offloading phenomenon. Further, we evaluate the performance of Cuckoo using real‐life data sets on our MCC testbed. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that Cuckoo is able to balance energy consumption and execution performance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.