bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of climate change‐driven trends in phytoplankton phenology
Authors: Henson Stephanie A. , Cole Harriet S. , Hopkins Jason , Martin Adrian P. , Yool Andrew 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe timing of the annual phytoplankton spring bloom is likely to be altered in response to climate change. Quantifying that response has, however, been limited by the typically coarse temporal resolution (monthly) of global climate models. Here, we use higher resolution model output (maximum 5 days) to investigate how phytoplankton bloom timing changes in response to projected 21st century climate change, and how the temporal resolution of data influences the detection of long‐term trends. We find that bloom timing generally shifts later at mid‐latitudes and earlier at high and low latitudes by ~5 days per decade to 2100. The spatial patterns of bloom timing are similar in both low (monthly) and high (5 day) resolution data, although initiation dates are later at low resolution. The magnitude of the trends in bloom timing from 2006 to 2100 is very similar at high and low resolution, with the result that the number of years of data needed to detect a trend in phytoplankton phenology is relatively insensitive to data temporal resolution. We also investigate the influence of spatial scales on bloom timing and find that trends are generally more rapidly detectable after spatial averaging of data. Our results suggest that, if pinpointing the start date of the spring bloom is the priority, the highest possible temporal resolution data should be used. However, if the priority is detecting long‐term trends in bloom timing, data at a temporal resolution of 20 days are likely to be sufficient. Furthermore, our results suggest that data sources which allow for spatial averaging will promote more rapid trend detection.
The origin of soil organic matter controls its composition and bioreactivity across a mesic boreal forest latitudinal gradient
Authors: Kohl Lukas , Philben Michael , Edwards Kate A. , Podrebarac Frances A. , Warren Jamie , Ziegler Susan E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWarmer climates have been associated with reduced bioreactivity of soil organic matter (SOM) typically attributed to increased diagenesis; the combined biological and physiochemical transformation of SOM. In addition, cross‐site studies have indicated that ecosystem regime shifts, associated with long‐term climate warming, can affect SOM properties through changes in vegetation and plant litter production thereby altering the composition of soil inputs. The relative importance of these two controls, diagenesis and inputs, on SOM properties as ecosystems experience climate warming, however, remains poorly understood. To address this issue we characterized the elemental, chemical (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and total hydrolysable amino acids analysis), and isotopic composition of plant litter and SOM across a well‐constrained mesic boreal forest latitudinal transect in Atlantic Canada. Results across forest sites within each of three climate regions indicated that (1) climate history and diagenesis affect distinct parameters of SOM chemistry, (2) increases in SOM bioreactivity with latitude were associated with elevated proportions of carbohydrates relative to plant waxes and lignin, and (3) despite the common forest type across regions, differences in SOM chemistry by climate region were associated with chemically distinct litter inputs and not different degrees of diagenesis. The observed climate effects on vascular plant litter chemistry, however, explained only part of the regional differences in SOM chemistry, most notably the higher protein content of SOM from warmer regions. Greater proportions of lignin and aliphatic compounds and smaller proportions of carbohydrates in warmer sites' soils were explained by the higher proportion of vascular plant relative to moss litter in the warmer relative to cooler forests. These results indicate that climate change induced decreases in the proportion of moss inputs not only impacts SOM chemistry but also increases the resistance of SOM to decomposition, thus significantly altering SOM cycling in these boreal forest soils.
New directions in researching regional economic resilience and adaptation
Authors: Evenhuis Emil 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe paper has two objectives. Firstly, to disentangle several debates with regard to regional economic resilience: What is it exactly? Which types can we distinguish? How can we operationalise it? And how can we conceptualise how it works? The second objective is to outline new directions for researching regional economic resilience. Thus far, research on regional economic resilience has been dominated by quantitative studies looking at how regional economies resisted and recovered from macro‐economic downturns (especially the most recent one). I will argue that fruitful new directions are to be found in further developing evolutionary conceptions of regional economic resilience, especially in relation to structural changes in the wider economy. Such evolutionary conceptions do away with notions of equilibrium altogether and can thus encompass the complete transformation of regional economies. In terms of research focus, this entails homing in on the possible mechanisms through which the processes of reorganisation and reorientation take place within regional economies that undergo adaptation. And in terms of research methodology, this will require more research based on a comparative case study design, using a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods.
Monitoring joint health in haemophilia: Factors associated with deterioration
Authors: Kuijlaars I. A. R. , Timmer M. A. , de Kleijn P. , Pisters M. F. , Fischer K. 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionJoint bleeds in patients with haemophilia may result in haemophilic arthropathy. Monitoring joint health is essential for identifying early signs of deterioration and allows timely adjustment of treatment.AimThe aim was to describe changes in joint health over 5‐10 years follow‐up and identify factors associated with joint health deterioration in patients with haemophilia.MethodsA post hoc analysis was performed from previous cohort studies in patients with moderate/severe haemophilia, ≥16 years. Joint health of ankles, knees and elbows was measured with the Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) from 2006‐2008 (T0) to 2011‐2016 (T1). Analyses were performed on patient level (ΔHJHS‐total) and joint level (ΔHJHS‐joint). Deterioration was defined as ΔHJHS‐total ≥4 and ΔHJHS‐joint ≥2.ResultsSixty‐two patients (median age 25, 73% severe haemophilia, median [interquartile range] 0.0 [0.0;2.0] joint bleeds between T0 to T1) were included. After median 8 years, HJHS‐total deteriorated in 37% and HJHS‐joint in 17%. Ankle joints (31%) showed deterioration more often than elbows (19%) and knees (3%). Deterioration of HJHS‐total was only associated with severe haemophilia. Deterioration of HJHS‐joint was weakly associated with a lower HJHS at baseline and more self‐reported limitations in activities, and strongly with more joint bleeds between T0 and T1 and presence of synovitis.ConclusionIn 37% of patients with moderate/severe haemophilia and low joint bleeding rates, joint health deteriorated over 5‐10 years. Ankle and elbow joints showed deterioration most frequently. Factors found in this study help to identify which joints need frequent monitoring in patients with haemophilia with access to early prophylaxis.
Differences in bleeding phenotype and provider interventions in postmenarchal adolescents when compared to adult women with bleeding disorders and heavy menstrual bleeding
Authors: Srivaths L. V. , Zhang Q. C. , Byams V. R. , Dietrich J. E. , James A. H. , Kouides P. A. , Kulkarni R. ,   the Hemophilia Treatment Centers Network Investigators
Published: September 2017

IntroductionDue to lack of patient/health care provider awareness causing delayed diagnosis, the bleeding phenotype and provider interventions in adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and bleeding disorders (BD) may be different when compared to adults.AimThe aim of this study was to compare/characterize bleeding phenotype and provider interventions in postmenarchal adolescents < 18 years and premenopausal adults ≥ 18 years with HMB and BD.MethodsPatient demographics, BD, and provider interventions/therapy details for HMB were compared between both age groups enrolled in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Female Universal Data Collection (UDC) surveillance project in United States hemophilia treatment centres. Cross‐sectional descriptive analyses including frequency distributions, summary statistics, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsOf 269 females (79 adolescents; median age 16 years, interquartile range (IQR) = 2; 190 adults; median age 27 years, IQR = 13) evaluated, BD distribution was similar in both groups. Compared to adolescents, adults more often had family history of bleeding (Adjusted odds ratios [AOR] = 2.6, 1.3‐5.6), delay in diagnosis (AOR = 2.5, 1.2‐4.9), bleeding with dental procedures (AOR = 2.0, 1.0‐4.0), gastrointestinal bleeding (AOR = 4.6, 1.0‐21.9), anaemia (AOR = 2.7, 1.4‐5.2), utilized desmopressin less often (AOR = 0.4, 0.2‐0.8) and underwent gynaecologic procedure/surgery more frequently (AOR = 5.9, 1.3‐27.3).ConclusionBleeding phenotypes of adolescents and adults with HMB and BD were different with more frequent bleeding complications, anaemia, gynaecologic procedures/surgeries, less desmopressin use and more delay in diagnosing BD in adults. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether improved patient/provider awareness and education will translate to early diagnosis and timely management of BD/HMB in adolescents that may prevent/reduce future haematologic/gynaecologic complications.
1. CARL SCHMITT BETWEEN HISTORY AND MYTH
Authors: FINCHELSTEIN FEDERICO 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTCarl Schmitt's work defines the history and theory of political myth. But analyzing it represents a challenge to historians and theorists alike. For many historians, Schmitt should be analyzed in his own context, whereas theorists study his writings without enough consideration of the specific context in which he conceived his texts. In this essay, I argue that Schmitt not only contributed to the fascist glorification of the mythical and its novel enactment as the driving force of fascism, but he also represents one of the most intriguing and influential interpreters of the political theory of myth, challenging in turn theories of democracy and the role of reason and secularism in historiography.
THE UNRESOLVED PROBLEMS OF LATE CRITICAL THEORY
Authors: Bernstein Richard J. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTMartin Jay's sweeping account of reason in Western philosophy provides the context for understanding the crisis that the Frankfurt School thinkers faced when they spoke of the “eclipse of reason.” In the background of the thinking of the first generation of Frankfurt thinkers such as Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, and Herbert Marcuse is a hankering for a more substantive conception of reason that bears affinities with what Hegel called Vernunft (reason), which he contrasted with Verstand (understanding). According to Jay, the first generation of Frankfurt thinkers never quite succeeded in elaborating this substantive concept of reason and grew increasingly pessimistic in the face of the self‐destruction of reason. Habermas sought to elaborate a communicative theory of rationality that did not fall into the misleading promises of Hegelian Vernunft but could nevertheless provide a normative basis for the critique of instrumental, strategic, and systems rationality—a normative basis for critical theory. Jay presents an extremely lucid account of Jürgen Habermas's theory of communicative rationality. He concludes by reviewing some of the outstanding problems and questions that have been raised about the adequacy and success of Habermas's project. I seek to do justice to the strengths and weaknesses of Jay's narrative, and I focus on a number of deep, unresolved issues that confront the future of critical theory in its attempt to develop an adequate conception of rationality. I also raise concerns about what precisely is distinctive about critical theory today.
“UNABLE TO RESIST”: ON THE “POSSIBILITY” OF “IMPOSSIBILITY” AND CHRISTOPHE BOUTON'S TIME AND FREEDOM
Authors: Wilkerson Dale A. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThis essay reflects critically on Martin Heidegger's remarks about authenticity and death with the aid of Christophe Bouton's Temps et liberté (2002), translated by Christopher Macann as Time and Freedom (2014). It first raises general questions concerning the possible thematic relationship between human endeavoring (action) and the experiences of finitude and freedom. Heidegger's Being and Time is particularly useful for exploring this relationship, but certain problems emerge when using this text for accessing the essay's themes. To wit: there are good reasons for mistrusting readings of Being and Time as a “practical” guide for grounding action. Against the practical reading, the essay wishes to reclaim the ontological‐existential significance of Heidegger's text. Although Bouton's treatment of Being and Time excludes its ontological dimensions and is entirely practical, even to the point of disregarding certain theoretical risks inherent in this approach, Bouton's study is indispensable for situating Being and Time in a historical‐intellectual context, whereby the experiences of freedom and time are understood within certain metaphysical presuppositions rendering them difficult to establish together on reliable grounds. Following Bouton's lead, the essay shows that the hermeneutic differences between practical and ontological readings of Being and Time can be explored through reflections on what Heidegger might have meant by the term “Möglichkeit” (“possibility”), from which Bouton infers “freedom.” It is alleged that Bouton does not fully consider all of Heidegger's assertions regarding Möglichkeit, most problematically the claim that the human being's most essential “possibility” is its “impossibility,” that is to say, its death.
Robust multi‐response surface optimization: a posterior preference approach
Authors: Bashiri Mahdi , Moslemi Amir , Akhavan Niaki Seyed Taghi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper discusses the use of multi‐response surface optimization (MRSO) to select the preferred solutions from among various non‐dominated solutions (NDS). Since MSRO often involves conflicting responses, the decision‐maker's (DM) preference information should be included in the model in order to choose the preferred solutions. In some approaches this information is added to the model after the problem is solved. In contrast, this paper proposes a three‐stage method for solving the problem. In the first stage, a robust approach is used to construct a regression model. In the second phase, non‐dominated solutions are generated by the ε‐constraint approach. The robust solutions obtained in the third phase are NDS that are more likely to be Pareto solutions during consecutive iterations. A simulation study is then presented to show the effective performance of the proposed approach. Finally, a numerical example from the literature is brought in to demonstrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed methodology.
Controllable τf value of barium silicate microwave dielectric ceramics with different Ba/Si ratios
Authors: Lei Wen , Zou Zheng‐Yu , Chen Ze‐Hao , Ullah Burhan , Zeb Aurang , Lan Xue‐Kai , Lu Wen‐Zhong , Fan Gui‐Fen , Wang Xiao‐Hong , Wang Xiao‐Chuan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBa1+1/M[Si2O5+1/M] low‐permittivity microwave dielectric ceramics are prepared using the conventional solid‐state method. Pure phases are obtained in barium silicates with M = 1, 3, 4, 5, and ∞, except for M = 7, in which two phases, Ba5Si8O21 and BaSi2O5, are observed. As the complexity of the crystal structure described by the Shannon information per reduced unit cell increases, the τf value tends to change from a negative to a positive value, except for M = 5, which has the highest complexity. A single Ba5Si8O21 phase with εr anomaly peak at −180°C exhibits a rare positive τf value (+25 ppm/°C), which is a novel temperature compensator.
Phase transformations in the relaxor Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3 studied by means of density functional theory calculations
Authors: Meyer Kai‐Christian , Koch Leonie , Albe Karsten 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe relaxor material Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3 (NBT) is an important basis for the development of lead‐free piezoceramics, but still many features of this material are not well understood. Here, we study the kinetics of phase transformations by octahedral tilts and A‐cation displacements in NBT by means of density functional theory calculations, employing ab initio molecular dynamics and nudged elastic band calculations. Our results show that the energetic differences between the low temperature rhombohedral, intermediate orthorhombic and other metastable phases are close to the room temperature thermal energy. Therefore, it is likely that above room temperature, several octahedral tilt patterns are present simultaneously on the local scale, just because of thermal vibration of the oxygen ions. Octahedral tilt transformations and A‐cation displacements show similarly high energy barriers, however, since the vibrational frequency of oxygen is higher, tilt transformations occur more frequently. Further, tilt transformations in which the oxygen octahedra get deformed the least are more probable to occur. We also find that the chemical A‐cation order affects energy barriers, influences the coupling between rotational and displacive modes and determines the stability of certain octahedral tilt orders. We conclude that the so‐called polar nanoregions in this material result from local octahedral tilt transformations and subsequent A‐cation displacements, which are driven by thermal vibration and are mediated by the underlying chemical order.
Experimental phase equilibria studies of the PbO–SiO2 system
Authors: Shevchenko Maxim , Jak Evgueni 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPhase equilibria of the PbO–SiO2 system have been established for a wide range of compositions: (i) liquid in equilibrium with silica polymorphs (quartz, tridymite, and cristobalite) between 740°C and 1580°C, at 60‐90 mol% SiO2; (ii) with lead silicates (PbSiO3, Pb2SiO4, and Pb11Si3O17) and lead oxide (PbO) between 700°C and 810°C. A high‐temperature equilibration/quenching/electron probe X‐ray microanalysis (EPMA) technique has been used to accurately determine the compositions of the phases in equilibrium in the system. Significantly, no liquid immiscibility has been found in the high‐silica range, and the liquidus in this high‐silica region has been accurately measured. The phase equilibria information in the PbO–SiO2 system is of practical importance for the improvement of the existing thermodynamic database of lead‐containing slag systems (Pb–Zn–Fe–Cu–Si–Ca–Al–Mg–O).
New calcium‐free Na2O–Al2O3–P2O5 bioactive glasses with potential applications in bone tissue engineering
Authors: Jeznach Oliwia , Gajc Marcin , Korzeb Karolina , Kłos Andrzej , Orliński Krzysztof , Stępień Ryszard , Krok‐Borkowicz Małgorzata , Rumian Łucja , Pietryga Krzysztof , Reczyńska Katarzyna , Pamuła Elżbieta , Pawlak Dorota A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSodium aluminophosphate glasses were evaluated for their bone repair ability. The glasses belonging to the system 45Na2O–xAl2O3‐(55‐x)P2O5, with x = (3, 5, 7, 10 mol%) were prepared by a melt‐quenching method. We assessed the effect of Al2O3 content on the properties of Na2O–Al2O3–P2O5 (NAP) glasses, which were characterized by density measurements, DSC analyses, solubility, bioactivity in simulated body fluid and cytocompatibility with MG‐63 cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation of calcium‐free Na2O–Al2O3–P2O5 system glasses as bioactive materials for bone tissue engineering.
Attention to the model's face when learning from video modeling examples in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder
Authors: van Wermeskerken Margot , Grimmius Bianca , van Gog Tamara 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe investigated the effects of seeing the instructor's (i.e., the model's) face in video modeling examples on students' attention and their learning outcomes. Research with university students suggested that the model's face attracts students' attention away from what the model is doing, but this did not hamper learning. We aimed to investigate whether we would replicate this finding in adolescents (prevocational education) and to establish how adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, who have been found to look less at faces generally, would process video examples in which the model's face is visible. Results showed that typically developing adolescents who did see the model's face paid significantly less attention to the task area than typically developing adolescents who did not see the model's face. Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder paid less attention to the model's face and more to the task demonstration area than typically developing adolescents who saw the model's face. These differences in viewing behavior, however, did not affect learning outcomes. This study provides further evidence that seeing the model's face in video examples affects students' attention but not their learning outcomes.
Introduction of a prediction model to assigning periodontal prognosis based on survival time
Authors: Martinez‐Canut Pedro , Alcaraz Jaime , Alcaraz Jaime , Alvarez‐Novoa Pablo , Alvarez‐Novoa Carmen , Marcos Ana , Noguerol Blas , Noguerol Fernando , Zabalegui Ion 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimsTo develop a prediction model for tooth loss due to periodontal disease (TLPD) in patients following periodontal maintenance (PM), and assess its performance using a multicentre approach.Material and methodsA multilevel analysis of eleven predictors of TLPD in 500 patients following PM was carried out to calculate the probability of TLPD. This algorithm was applied to three different TLPD samples (369 teeth) gathered retrospectively by nine periodontist, associating several intervals of probability with the corresponding survival time, based on significant differences in the mean survival time. The reproducibility of these associations was assessed in each sample (One‐way ANOVA and pairwise comparison with Bonferroni corrections).ResultsThe model presented high specificity and moderate sensitivity, with optimal calibration and discrimination measurements. Seven intervals of probability were associated with seven survival time and these associations contained close to 80% of the cases: the probability predicted the survival time at this percentage. The model performed well in the three samples, as the mean survival time of each association were significantly different within each sample, while no significant differences between the samples were found in pairwise comparisons of means.ConclusionsThis model might be useful for predicting survival time in different TLPD samples.