bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Powder chemistry effects on the sintering of MgO‐doped specialty Al2O3
Authors: Frueh Tobias , Marker Cassie , Kupp Elizabeth R. , Compson Charles , Atria Joe , Gray Jennifer L. , Liu Zi‐Kui , Messing Gary L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this work, we investigate the effects of powder chemistry on the sintering of MgO‐doped specialty alumina. The stages at which MgO influences densification of Al2O3 were identified by comparing dilatometry measurements and the sintering kinetics of MgO‐free and MgO‐doped specialty alumina powders. MgO is observed to reduce the grain boundary thickness during densification using TEM. We show that MgO increases the solubility of SiO2 in alumina grains near the boundaries using EDS. First‐principles DFT calculations demonstrate that the co‐dissolution of MgO and SiO2 in alumina is thermodynamically favored over the dissolution of MgO or SiO2 individually in alumina. This study experimentally demonstrates for the first time that removal of SiO2 from the grain boundaries is a key process by which MgO enhances the sintering of alumina.
Chemical composition and temperature dependence of the energy storage properties of Ba1‐xSrxTiO3 ferroelectrics
Authors: Luo Bingcheng , Wang Xiaohui , Tian Enke , Qu Haimo , Zhao Qiancheng , Cai Ziming , Wang Hongxian , Feng Wei , Li Baiwen , Li Longtu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDielectric materials with high power and energy densities are desirable for potential applications in advanced pulsed capacitors. Computational material designs based on first‐principles calculations provide a “bottom‐up” method to design novel materials. Here, we present a first‐principles effective Hamiltonian simulation of perovskite ferroelectrics, Ba1‐xSrxTiO3, for energy storage applications. The effects of different chemical compositions, temperatures, and external electric fields on the ferroelectric hysteresis and energy storage density of Ba1‐xSrxTiO3 were investigated. The Curie temperature was tuned from 400 to 100 K by doping Sr in the BaTiO3 lattice. At a constant temperature, the ferroelectric hysteresis became slimmer as the Sr content increased, and the energy storage efficiency increased. For the same chemical composition, the energy storage density increased as the temperature increased. For the composition x = 0.4, a discharged energy density of ~2.8 J/cm3 with a 95% efficiency was obtained in an external electric field of 350 kV/cm, and a discharged energy density of 30 J/cm3 with a 92% efficiency was obtained in an external electric field of 2750 kV/cm. The energy storage property predictions and new material designs have potential to create experimental and industrial products with higher energy storage densities.
Patient characteristics associated with treatment response in patients receiving salvianolate injection for stable angina
Authors: Qi Yana , Yu Chuan , Tang Li , Li Sheyu , Sun Xin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo explore patient characteristics associated with treatment response in patients receiving salvianolate injection for stable angina.MethodsAn analysis was conducted of data from a multicenter, phase IV clinical trial undertaken in China that enrolled 2150 patients hospitalized for stable angina from 50 hospitals. The treatment outcomes were changes of angina severity and nitroglycerin use between baseline and the last day of treatment. We used logistic regression models to explore patient characteristics associated with the treatment response.ResultsPatients who were overweight or obese (ORa 1.20, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.44), present with hypertension (ORa 1.23, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.49), experienced with 3 or more episodes of angina per week (ORa 1.77, 95% CI 1.44 to 2.17), or concomitantly using antiplatelet agents (ORa 1.44, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.78) were associated with better treatment response defined with the change of angina severity. Those of overweight or obesity (ORa 1.57, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.12) or concomitantly using calcium antagonists (ORa 2.38, 95% CI 1.39 to 4.08) fared better treatment response according to discontinuation or reduction of nitroglycerin use.ConclusionsPatients diagnosed with stable angina and receiving salvianolate injection might fare better treatment response if they were overweight or obese, experienced with hypertension, three or more episodes of angina per week, or concomitantly using antiplatelet agents and calcium antagonists.
Human papilloma virus: An etiological and prognostic factor for oral cancer?
Authors: Lafaurie Gloria I. , Perdomo Sandra J. , Buenahora María R. , Amaya Sandra , Díaz‐Báez David 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV)‐positive oral tumors can be considered an epidemic. Although the incidence of HPV cervical cancer is decreasing, the incidence of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers associated with HPV is increasing. The presence of certain HPV genotypes could be a predictor of future oral cancer lesions, although lesions associated with HPV could be less aggressive and exhibit a higher survival rate. In the present study, we review the most important biologic, clinic, epidemiologic, and prognostic factors associated with HPV infection and oral cancer.
Comparative evaluation of the use of magnification loupes in supragingival scaling procedures
Authors: Corbella Stefano , Taschieri Silvio , Cavalli Nicolò , Francetti Luca 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimThe main aim of the present investigation was to evaluate clinical and patient‐centered outcomes of supragingival scaling performed with or without the use of 2.5× magnification loupes and illumination.MethodsA total of 30 patients, divided into three groups, were treated with 2.5× loupes and 2.5× loupes and illumination, and without any magnification device. Full‐mouth plaque score percentage (FMPS%) and full‐mouth bleeding score percentage (FMBS%) were registered before and after the treatment. Moreover, perceived pain and quality of the treatment were recorded using a visual analog scale. Appropriate statistical analysis was adopted to analyze between‐group differences for the investigated parameters.ResultsAll of the patients completed the study protocol. All the groups were homogeneous at baseline. Supragingival scaling caused a significant reduction of FMPS% and FMBS% in all groups without differences among them. Moreover, no differences could be found for patient‐centered outcomes. The duration of the treatment was significantly higher in the group in which loupes and illumination was used than in the control group.ConclusionsThe use of magnification loupes (with or without illumination) did not significantly improve clinical and patient‐centered outcomes of supragingival scaling procedures.
Rosemary, Castor Oils, and Propolis Extract: Activity Against Candida Albicans and Alterations on Properties of Dental Acrylic Resins
Authors: Heidrich Daiane , Fortes Carmen Beatriz Borges , Mallmann Aline Taís , Vargas Clarissa Machado , Arndt Paula Borges , Scroferneker Maria Lúcia 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the in vitro activity of 8% rosemary, 2% castor oils, and 12% propolis glycolic extract against Candida albicans, as well as the physical changes of properties in colorless and pink acrylic resins after immersion in these liquids.Materials and MethodsColorimetric, roughness, and Knoop microhardness assays were evaluated in 25 specimens distributed into five groups (3 test groups and 2 control groups ‐ distilled water and hypochlorite 1%), totaling five specimens per group for each acrylic resin (colorless and pink). The specimens were individually immersed for 30 minutes in 10 mL of these liquids, washed, and dried once a week. They were maintained in distilled water at 37°C between processes during all experiments. The analyses were performed before immersion and in the 4th and/or 12th month. In vitro, 18 acrylic resins were exposed to C. albicans and, after a process of 30 minutes in immersion in the five groups cited and oil vehicle control of vesicle (liquid Vaseline), the specimens were washed and incubated for 24 hours in 37°C. The growth was determined by colony counting. For comparisons between the groups in each trial and the disinfection test, paired Student's t‐tests and ANOVA with post hoc Tukey were performed by the SPSS program, considering α = 0.05.ResultsNone of the liquids altered the microhardness, but all the natural compounds and 1% sodium hypochlorite (control) altered color and roughness after the 12th month of immersion in these agents. In the colorless specimens, 8% rosemary oil caused a color change similar to water, and less color and roughness alterations when compared to 2% castor oil and 1% sodium hypochlorite, respectively. There was no growth of yeast colonies after immersion in rosemary oil, propolis glycolic extract, and 1% sodium hypochlorite.ConclusionEight percent rosemary oil has the potential to be used as an acrylic resin disinfectant.
The Effect of Surface Treatments on the Mechanical and Optical Behaviors of CAD/CAM Restorative Materials
Authors: Kurtulmus‐Yilmaz Sevcan , Cengiz Esra , Ongun Salim , Karakaya Izgen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on mechanical and optical properties of lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max CAD), 2 resin nanoceramics (Lava Ultimate, GC Cerasmart), and polymer‐infiltrated ceramic network material (Vita Enamic).Materials and MethodsCAD/CAM blocks were sectioned into 4 × 1 × 14 mm3 bars for three‐point bending test and 1 × 8 × 8 mm3 square specimens were obtained for color and translucency measurements. Bar‐shaped and square specimens were divided into five groups according to the surface treatment method as: control (no treatment), hydrofluoric acid etching, airborne‐particle abrasion, 2 W and 3 W Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation (n = 10). Three‐point bending test was carried out on a universal test machine with a 1 mm/min crosshead speed. Color and translucency measurements were performed with a spectrophotometer and repeated after surface treatments. Flexural strength, translucency parameter, and ΔE values were calculated and data were statistically analyzed using one‐way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests. ΔE values >1.2 and >2.7 were considered as perceptible and unacceptable, respectively.ResultsAll surface treatment methods decreased the flexural strength of all tested materials (P < 0.05) except for 2 W laser‐irradiated and airborne‐particle abraded Vita Enamic and 2 W laser irradiated Lava Ultimate (P > 0.05). Color changes of lithium disilicate specimens were not perceptible except for airborne‐particle abraded specimens. All ΔE values of resin‐based materials were above the perceptibility threshold. Acid‐etched and 3 W laser‐irradiated GC Vita Enamic specimens revealed unacceptable color changes. The translucencies of resin‐based materials significantly decreased after all surface treatment applications.ConclusionsSurface treatments affected the flexural strength and optical properties of CAD/CAM restorative materials. Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation with 2 W energy level may be an alternative surface treatment method for CAD/CAM materials.
A Simplified Approach to Fabricate a Hollow Ocular Prosthesis
Authors: Maskey Brijesh , Mathema Suraj R.B. , Shrestha Kanchana , Bhochhibhoya Amar 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe prosthetic rehabilitation of a large anophthalmic socket is always a challenge. It demands an equally sized ocular prosthesis to replace lost tissue volume. A conventional solid acrylic ocular prosthesis may be deterrent to retention and esthetics because of its weight, which can be reduced by eliminating the mass of material within it. This article attempts to present a simplified and accurate technique to fabricate a hollow ocular prosthesis using silicone putty cavity form. It is removed prior to final processing and serves to ensure appropriate uniform thickness of acrylic resin and optimal weight reduction of the definitive prosthesis without compromising mobility, esthetics, and structural integrity.
A study to evaluate the primary causes associated with Pseudomonas otitis in 60 dogs
Authors: Paterson S. , Matyskiewicz W. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate the primary causes, age of onset and time from diagnosis of otitis to development of Pseudomonas otitis in each case.Materials and MethodsData from clinical records of 60 dogs were extracted to address the study objectives. Pseudomonas otitis was diagnosed by clinical signs and positive culture.ResultsIn total, 57 purebred dogs and three crossbreed dogs were included: 32 dogs had unilateral and 28 bilateral disease. Underlying primary causes of otitis were allergy (42), masses (8), endocrine disease (7) and autoimmune disease (3). The mean age of onset of otitis (and subsequent time to development of Pseudomonas otitis) in dogs with allergic otitis was 40 months (28 months), with endocrine disease was 56 months (19 months) and masses 99 months (10 months).Clinical SignificanceThe most common primary causes of otitis in dogs with Pseudomonas infections are, in decreasing frequency: allergies, masses, endocrine disease and autoimmune disease. Secondary infections with Pseudomonas developed more quickly if there was a mass or autoimmune disease, as compared with allergies and endocrinopathies.
Invasive acacias differ from native dune species in the hyperspectral/biochemical trait space
Authors: Große‐Stoltenberg André , Hellmann Christine , Thiele Jan , Oldeland Jens , Werner Christiane 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimThe impact of invasive species may depend on dissimilarity of their functional traits relative to the native community. Therefore, comparing species traits in a multidimensional space can help to better understand invader impacts, but novel methods are needed to effectively measure multiple traits across diverse plant communities. The main aim was to assess biochemical leaf parameters based on field spectra in a whole‐community approach. Our specific objectives were to assess (1) biochemical differentiation within the plant community, (2) accuracy of spectroscopic prediction models of biochemical parameters, and (3) ability to depict the multivariate differentiation using field spectroscopy.LocationMediterranean dune ecosystems, Atlantic coast, southwest Portugal.MethodsWe analysed leaf biomass of 18 species, including two invasive acacias, for C, δ13C, N, δ15N, lignin, fibre and tannin. Additionally, we collected leaf and canopy field spectra of each sampled plant. We used partial least squares (PLS) regression to predict biochemical parameters from field spectra. Further, we assessed the biochemical differentiation of the species using PCA based on wet chemically determined as well as spectroscopically predicted values.ResultsWe found high biochemical variation among species and, in particular, marked trait dissimilarity between invasive Acacia spp. and native species, primarily with respect to N content. Biochemical parameters were predicted successfully based on field spectra. Prediction accuracies were particularly high with C, δ13C, N and tannin. A PCA of biochemical parameters showed that invasive Acacia spp. were distinct from native species of the same life form, but grouped with native dwarf shrubs. This pattern was accurately reproduced by a PCA using spectroscopically predicted values.ConclusionsInvasive Acacia spp. have different leaf traits compared to native species of similar growth form. Their trait dissimilarity likely exacerbates their impacts on the ecosystem. This trait dissimilarity in leaf biochemistry can be accurately predicted with hyperspectral whole‐community models. Thus, field spectroscopy can substantially increase the spatial and temporal resolution of measurements and hence facilitate assessments of ecosystem functioning and invader impacts at ecosystem scale.
Reliability and safety of transnasal compared to conventional endoscopy for detecting oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Castro Filho Elio C. , Perazzo Hugo , Guimaraes Raquel A. P. , Machado Lilian , Fernandes Flavia F. , Perez Renata M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground & AimsUnsedated transnasal endoscopy may be used for detecting oesophageal varices. However, few studies evaluated feasibility and accuracy of this technique. We aimed to evaluate accuracy, interobserver agreement and safety of the transnasal ultrathin compared to conventional endoscopy in patients with cirrhosis.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included consecutive patients referred for screening or surveillance of oesophageal varices. Patients underwent unsedated transnasal and sedated conventional endoscopies at the same day, which were recorded in a digital video file and randomly analysed by two double‐blinded endoscopists. High‐risk varices were defined by the presence of large calibre or red wale marks. Accuracy, interobserver agreement and safety of transnasal were compared to conventional endoscopy.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐three cirrhotic patients (48% male, aged of 60 ± 5, 34% Child‐Pugh B/C and 71% of cases for variceal screening) were included in the study. The prevalence of oesophageal varices and high‐risk oesophageal varices were 59% (n = 79) and 29% (n = 39) respectively. For the presence of oesophageal varices, transnasal GIE yielded sensitivity of 94% [95% Confidence Interval, CI 88‐99], specificity of 89% [81‐97] as well as positive and negative predictive value of 93% and 91% respectively. A satisfactory interobserver agreement was observed for the presence of oesophageal varices (κ = 0.89) and high‐risk varices (κ = 0.65). No serious adverse events were recorded; transnasal GIE was safe and significantly associated with lower rates of hypoxaemia (P < .0001) and hypotension (P < .0001) compared to conventional endoscopy.ConclusionsUnsedated transnasal endoscopy was safe and had an excellent accuracy and high interobserver agreement for detecting oesophageal varices and for identifying high‐risk varices in cirrhotic patients.
“Modifiers” as Verbs: The Case of Mandarin
Authors: Lin Tzong‐Hong Jonah , Yu Jia‐Chi , Chen Tzu‐Ling 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe show that some elements in Mandarin that have been considered as pre‐verbal adverbial modifiers are actually the main verbs of the sentences. Three sets of phenomena are discussed: the degreegou‘enough’ construction, the “Adv/Adv‐di” contrast, and two types of “mannerwh‐adverbs”. These phenomena make Mandarin a typologically interesting case, as it stands in contrast to languages such as English on the one hand, where adverbs are adjuncts, and to Formosan languages on the other, where manner modifiers realize as the main verb of the sentence. We also discuss the possible parameterization in grammar that is responsible for this distinction. We suggest that grammatical theory provides an option to languages, in the form of a parameter, which licenses complementation of an un‐subcategorized expressionYPto a head X, when X denotes a manner (or more generally, an event modifier) ofYP.
Factors influencing participation in fecal occult blood testing to screen for colorectal cancer in Australia: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Lee Simone , Miller Andrea 
Published: January 2018

Review question:
The objective of this scoping review is to examine and map the evidence on the range of factors influencing a person's decision to screen or not screen for colorectal cancer using a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in Australia, with the view to identifying gaps in the research and informing appropriate questions for future systematic reviews.
The question of this review is: what evidence is available around the barriers and facilitators that influence an individual's decision to screen or not screen for colorectal cancer using a fecal occult blood test in Australia?
Effectiveness of ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous cannulation in pediatric patients aged under three years: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Yamagami Yuki , Ueki Shingo , Matoba Kei , Makimoto Kiyoko 
Published: January 2018

Review question:
The objective of this systematic review is to identify, evaluate and synthesize evidence of effectiveness on ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous cannulation in pediatric patients aged under three years.
Specially, the review question is: In pediatric patients aged under three years, what is the effect of ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous cannulation on the first attempt and on the overall success rate, time to cannulation and number of attempts for successful cannulation compared with the traditional blind approach?
Retracted: “Designing a Road-Side Wind Turbine Driven by Winds From the Moving Vehicles” [ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Volume 14: Emerging Technologies; Materials: Genetics to Structures; Safety Engineering and Risk Analysis, Tampa, Florida, USA, November 3–9, 2017, Conference Sponsors: ASME, ISBN: 978-0-7918-5849-3, Copyright © 2017 by ASME. Paper No. IMECE2017-70043, V014T07A001; 8 pages; doi: 10.1115/IMECE2017-70043]
Authors: ASME  
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The above referenced paper has been removed from publication. (March 10, 2020)
Copyright © 2020 by ASME
Development of a Nonlinear, C1-Beam Finite-Element Code for Actuator Design of Slender Flexible Robots
Authors: Murakami Hidenori , Rios Oscar , Ono Takeyuki 
Published: January 2018

For actuator design and motion simulations of slender flexible robots, planar C1-beam elements are developed for Reissner’s large deformation, shear-deformable, curbed-beam model. Internal actuation is mechanically modeled by a rate-form of beam constitutive relation, where actuation curvature is prescribed at each time. Geometrically, a curbed beam is modeled as a frame bundle, whereby at each point on beam’s curve of centroids a moving orthonormal frame is attached to a cross section. After a finite element discretization, a curve of centroids is modeled as a C1-curve, employing cubic shape functions for both planar coordinates with an arc-parameter. The cubic shape functions have already been utilized in linear Euler-Bernoulli beams for the interpolation of transverse displacement. To define the rotation angle of each cross section or the attitude of the moving frame, quadratic shape functions are used introducing a middle node, resulting in three angular nodal displacements. As a result, each beam element has total eleven nodal coordinates.
The implementation of a nonlinear finite element code is facilitated by the principle of virtual work, which yields Reissner’s large deformation curbed beam model as the Euler-Lagrange equations. For time integration, the Newmark method is utilized.
Finally, as applications of the code, a few inchworm motions induced by different actuation curvature fields are presented.