bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irisin Is Regulated by CAR in Liver and Is a Mediator of Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism
Authors: Mo Li , Shen Jing , Liu Qinhui , Zhang Yuwei , Kuang Jiangying , Pu Shiyun , Cheng Shihai , Zou Min , Jiang Wei , Jiang Changtao , Qu Aijuan , He Jinhan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Irisin, a hormone proteolytically processed from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), has been reported to induce the browning of sc adipocytes by increasing the level of uncoupling protein 1. In this study, we showed that activation of the nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptor induced FNDC5 mRNA expression in the liver and increased the circulating level of irisin in mice. FNDC5/irisin is a direct transcriptional target of constitutive androstane receptor. Hepatic-released irisin functioned as a paracrine/autocrine factor that inhibited lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis via the Adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase pathway. Adenovirus-overexpressed irisin improved hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in genetic-induced obese mice. Irisin transgenic mice were also protected against high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. In conclusion, our results reveal a novel pathway in regulating FNDC5/irisin expression and identify a physiological role for this hepatic hormone in glucose and lipid homeostasis.
Low-Fidelity Haptic Simulation Versus Mental Imagery Training for Epidural Anesthesia Technical Achievement in Novice Anesthesiology Residents: A Randomized Comparative Study
Authors: Lim Grace , Krohner Robert G. , Metro David G. , Rosario Bedda L. , Jeong Jong-Hyeon , Sakai Tetsuro 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND:
There are many teaching methods for epidural anesthesia skill acquisition. Previous work suggests that there is no difference in skill acquisition whether novice learners engage in low-fidelity (LF) versus high-fidelity haptic simulation for epidural anesthesia. No study, however, has compared the effect of LF haptic simulation for epidural anesthesia versus mental imagery (MI) training in which no physical practice is attempted. We tested the hypothesis that MI training is superior to LF haptic simulation training for epidural anesthesia skill acquisition.

METHODS:
Twenty Post-Graduate Year 2 (PGY-2) anesthesiology residents were tested at the beginning of the training year. After a didactic lecture on epidural anesthesia, they were randomized into 2 groups. Group LF had LF simulation training for epidural anesthesia using a previously described banana simulation technique. Group MI had guided, scripted MI training in which they initially were oriented to the epidural kit components and epidural anesthesia was described stepwise in detail, followed by individual mental rehearsal; no physical practice was undertaken. Each resident then individually performed epidural anesthesia on a partial-human task trainer on 3 consecutive occasions under the direct observation of skilled evaluators who were blinded to group assignment. Technical achievement was assessed with the use of a modified validated skills checklist. Scores (0–21) and duration to task completion (minutes) were recorded. A linear mixed-effects model analysis was performed to determine the differences in scores and duration between groups and over time.

RESULTS:
There was no statistical difference between the 2 groups for scores and duration to task completion. Both groups showed similarly significant increases (P = 0.0015) in scores over time (estimated mean score [SE]: group MI, 15.9 [0.55] to 17.4 [0.55] to 18.6 [0.55]; group LF, 16.2 [0.55] to 17.7 [0.55] to 18.9 [0.55]). Time to complete the procedure decreased similarly and significantly (P = 0.032) for both groups after the first attempt (estimated mean time [SE]: group MI, 16.0 [1.04] minutes to 13.7 [1.04] minutes to 13.3 [1.04] minutes; group LF: 15.8 [1.04] minutes to 13.4 [1.04] minutes to 13.1 [1.04] minutes).

CONCLUSIONS:
MI is not different from LF simulation training for epidural anesthesia skill acquisition. Education in epidural anesthesia with structured didactics and continual MI training may suffice to prepare novice learners before an attempt on human subjects.
The Mg2+ transporter CNNM4 regulates sperm Ca2+ homeostasis and is essential for reproduction
Authors: Yamazaki Daisuke , Miyata Haruhiko , Funato Yosuke , Fujihara Yoshitaka , Ikawa Masahito , Miki Hiroaki 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Ca2+ influx triggers sperm capacitation; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that CNNM4, a Mg2+ transporter, is required for Ca2+ influx during capacitation. We find that Cnnm4-deficient male mice are almost infertile because of sperm dysfunction. Motion analyses show that hyperactivation, a qualitative change in the mode of sperm motility during capacitation, is abrogated in Cnnm4-deficient sperm. In contrast, tyrosine phosphorylation of flagellar proteins, a hallmark of capacitation, is excessively augmented. These seemingly paradoxical phenotypes of Cnnm4-deficient sperm are very similar to those of sperm lacking a functional cation channel of sperm (CatSper) channel, which plays an essential role in Ca2+ influx during sperm capacitation. Ca2+ imaging analyses demonstrate that Ca2+ influx is perturbed in Cnnm4-deficient sperm, and forced Ca2+ entry into these sperm normalizes the level of tyrosine phosphorylation. Furthermore, we confirm the importance of CNNM4 in sperm by generating germ-cell-specific Cnnm4-deficient mice. These results suggest a new role of CNNM4 in sperm Ca2+ homeostasis.
Flow cytometry analysis of epithelial cell populations from touch samples using the BD Influx flow cytometry platform
Authors: Kwon Ye Jin , Stanciu Cristina E. , Philpott M. Katherine , Ehrhardt Christopher J. 
Published: March 2016

‘Touch’ or trace cell mixtures submitted as evidence are a significant problem for forensic laboratories as they can render resulting genetic profiles difficult or even impossible to interpret. Optical signatures that distinguish epidermal cell populations from different contributors could facilitate the physical separation of mixture components prior to genetic analysis, and potentially the downstream production of single source profiles and/or simplified mixtures. For this dataset, optical properties including forwards scatter (FSC), side scatter (SSC), and fluorescence emissions in the Allophycocyanin (APC) channel were measured in epithelial cell populations from touch samples collected from several different contributors on multiple days to assess inter- and intra-contributor variability.
IDENTIFICATION OF RESIDUAL STRESSESIN PRODUCTS FROM CARBON- CARBONACEOUSMATERIALS
Authors: Казначеева Анна , Kaznacheeva Anna , Полинко Юлия , Polinko Yuliya 
Published: March 2016

The method of assessing the level of residual stresses in graphitic carbon shell of revo-lution, by interpreting the experimental data obtained by the x-ray method is proposed. The results of experimental studies of mental-phase composition, the parameters of the crystal lattice, the degree of graphitization and texturing of pyrolytic reinforced carbon-carbonaceous composite are given. Estimation of the level of residual technological tensions resulting in defects of products has been performed at the micro and macro stages.
Quality criterion is written as a deviation square sum, calculated and measured broa-dening of diffractogram lines.
High informativity of the radiographic method for estimating artificial graphite prod-uct quality and the possibility of using this method in the production environment.
The Upbringing Development Strategy in the Russian Federation for the Period through to 2025: Fundamental Ideas, Principles and Guidelines
Authors: Вяземский  , Vyazemskiy Evgeniy , Евладова  , Evladova E. 
Published: March 2016

The paper concerns the public need for developing the upbringing strategy for the Russian Federation. The Strategy goal, objectives and the content are
defi ned, the priorities and objectives of upbringing and education, appropriate for the modern Russia, are outlined, as well as fundamental guidelines,
aimed at developing upbringing and education, and the needed qualitative changes in the upbringing system to be achieved through the Strategy
implementation.
Organizational and Pedagogical Conditions for Developing the Regulatory Universal Educational Activities in the Course of Natural-Science Education Based on Individualized Curricula
Authors: Драчева  , Dracheva Elena 
Published: March 2016

The Regulatory Universal Educational Activities (RUEA) are crucial to forming the learners’ abilities for self-organization of their educational activities,
and thus are core to the successful training outcomes. RUEA can be formed not only based on the subject contents, but also through the organizational
forms of education. One of such models is the training based on the individualized curriculum (IC), because in the process of drawing and implementing
the IC the learner has to master all the stages of the RUEA development. In the course of arranging the set of conditions, needed for the IC-based training
model, the eff ect of these conditions on forming the RUEA in upperclassmen, trained in natural sciences in terms of subject-oriented education, has
been identifi ed. It was found, that in students, specializing in natural sciences, all types of universal educational activities are better developed. Due to
mastering the very methodology of educational activities, this educational model allows to maintain and enhance learning outcomes not only in the
groups of subject-oriented study of natural-science disciplines, but also in the basic education groups.
Cossacks Identity Problem in the Context of Social and Cultural Integration of the Russian Population in the Modern Conditions
Authors: Капица  , Kapitsa G. , Кащенко  , Kashchenko T. 
Published: March 2016

The authors aim to define the foundations of identity of
Cossacks as a part of the multi-layered identity in the Russian
Federation. Two concepts are considered: the ambivalence of Cossacks
and the concept of cultural core of self-determination of Cossacks.
The paper emphasizes the special role of the Cossacks in the Russian
socio-cultural situation in view of the fact that the Cossack values
and behavioral complex is still relevant today, it fits well with the
modern Russian reality. Cossacks today are a reliable stronghold of
the healthy statehood.
Risk Management in the Process of Implementation of Mechanisms for the Implementation of Models of State-Public Management of Education
Authors: Положенцева  , Polozhentseva I. , Артемьева  , Artemyeva Svetlana , Шишов  , Shishov Cergey 
Published: March 2016

The article discusses the problems that arise during the
implementation of state and public management of an educational
institution. The authors explore the risks associated with
interaction of education and representatives of civil institutions
interested in educational activities, and propose activities to prevent
the occurrence of risk situations.
Artistic and Creative Activity As the Basis of Artistic and Creative Technology of Spiritual Education
Authors: Балина  , Balina T. 
Published: March 2016

The article touches upon the problem of spiritual upbringing
of the younger generation on the basis of art, and using art and
creative technologies as a means of education. The concept of
&#34;creative activity&#34; in the context of the concepts &#34;creativity&#34; and
&#34;creative activity&#34; is considered. The specificity of art-creative
technologies in social work as a means of influence and interaction
with students, as a way of organizing and functioning of the content
of educational activities is determined. The author shows the pedagogical
nature of art-creative technologies in the system of interrelated
actions of the teacher and the pupil. The nature of artcreative
technologies in the field of art education is given. The
concept of &#34;pedagogical technology&#34;, contributing to the initiation
and direction of cognitive activity, and encourage artistic and creative
expression nurture is considered. The article gives the analysis
of possibilities of artistic and creative technology as a pedagogical
means of spiritual education.
Most Coarctations, Recoarctations, and Coarctation-Related Aneurysms Should Be Treated Endovascularly
Authors: Galiñanes Edgar , Krajcer Zvonimir 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Based on a Presentation at the 2013 VEITH Symposium, November 19-23, 2013 (New York, NY, USA)
For patients with coarctation of the aorta (CoA), surgical intervention results in an overall survival rate nearly twice that of medical management. Therefore, surgical correction of CoA has traditionally been warranted in the majority of patients, even though open repair entails its own complications. With the advent of endovascular technology, many interventionalists hoped that this approach would decrease the complications associated with open surgical repair of CoA. Nevertheless, there is still an ongoing debate about the merits of traditional open surgery versus endovascular therapy. In this review, we discuss the role of these two approaches for the management of CoA, recoarctation, and coarctation-related aneurysms.
Open Stented Grafts for Frozen Elephant Trunk Technique: Technical Aspects and Current Outcomes
Authors: Ma Wei-Guo , Zheng Jun , Sun Li-Zhong , Elefteriades John 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWith growing experience in patients with aneurysms and dissections in the arch and proximal descending aorta, the frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique has been shown to be safe and effective, and has achieved favorable short to mid-term outcomes. As the FET technique is gaining wider acceptance, there is a growing need for versatile, technically simple, and highly durable open stented grafts involving less complicated deployment mechanisms enabling use in various indications. This paper gives a brief review on the technical aspects and clinical outcomes of currently available open stented grafts used in the FET technique, including the E-vita Open Plus, Thoraflex Hybrid, Cronus, and J Graft. While none of these grafts can claim to be an ideal device, technology continues to improve towards this goal. As newer devices and systems are developed, more widespread use of the FET technique can be expected; such progress promises to improve the clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients with complex aortic diseases.
Two-Stage Procedure for Infected Aortic Graft Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: von Aspern Konstantin , Etz Christian , Mohr Friedrich , Battellini Roberto 
Published: March 2016

AbstractProsthetic graft infections with mediastinitis following aortic surgery are rare, yet represent grave complications yielding high morbidity and mortality. We present the case of a 57-year-old female patient with past history of emergent surgery for iatrogenic Type A dissection treated by supracoronary ascending aortic replacement. Four months after the initial surgery, a sternal fistula had formed and due to severe bleeding emergent reoperation was required. Imaging and pathology on admission revealed an infected pseudoaneurysm at the distal aortic prosthesis and mediastinitis with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Rescue surgery was performed by means of a two-stage approach, with extensive debridement, graft replacement and continuous antiseptic lavage in a first step and an omental wrapping of the new prosthesis in a second stage 24 hours later. During 10 years of follow-up, no recurrent infection occurred. The operative approach and general considerations for management of infected pseudoaneurysms are discussed.
Acute Type B Aortic Pathology Mimicking Acute Type A Intramural Hematoma with Organ Malperfusion
Authors: Levy Eli , Korach Amit , Rubinstein Chen , Gilon Dan , Shapira Oz 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe management of acute Stanford Type A intramural hematoma (IMH) of the aorta remains controversial. Most surgeons advocate emergency surgery in a manner similar to frank acute Type A dissection. Others recommend a conservative approach to this distinct clinicopathological entity. We describe a case of acute aortic pathology initially diagnosed as Type A IMH with organ malperfusion, subsequently identified as acute Type B pathology with retrograde and antegrade extension. An endovascular approach was successfully used to exclude the site of origin.
Bidirectional Data Collaborations in Distributed Research
Authors: Haynes Kevin , Selvam Nandini , Cziraky Mark J. 
Published: March 2016

Introduction: The need for collaborations with bidirectional data exchange within
and across distributed research networks has increased.Currently Existing
Activities: This commentary will present currently publically available activities
including the Sentinel Initiative, the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Network
(PCORnet), and the NIH Research Collaboratory.Current Technical and Governance
Challenges: Even with the advances made in this arena, several technical and governance
challenges remain including the evolution of clinically rich data sources and modes of
care, availability of longitudinal data resources through data linkage, and the
processes to share data and link data resources while ensuring privacy and proprietary
control of data.Perspective: These activities will require enhanced levels of trust
between entities involved in the delivery of healthcare (Trust 2.0) in addition to the
trust health plans and health systems have with patients (Trust 1.0). Recent public
funding announcements and public access to data resources will likely improve the
landscape of bidirectional data collaborations in distributed research.
The Role of Apoptosis and Autophagy in Bovine Abortions Associated with Brucella Spp
Authors: Ozkaraca Mustafa , Ceribasi Songul , Ceribasi Ali Osman , Kilic Ayse , Ongor Hasan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This study is aimed to evaluate the relationship between the severity of apoptotic and autophagic cell death based on the distribution of Brucella spp. antigens in the lung, liver, kidney, spleen, brain, heart, skeletal muscle, mesenteric lymph node, and thymus tissue from bovine fetuses aborted due to natural infection with Brucella spp. The distribution of Brucella spp. antigens was immunohistochemically examined in the tissues of 16 aborted fetuses from cattle diagnosed with Brucella spp. infection by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, immunostaining of primary antibodies for cleaved caspase 3 was performed to detect apoptosis, and immunostaining of Microtubule Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 Beta (LC3B) was used to detect autophagy in the Brucella spp.- related abortions. Analysis of cellular death revealed strong immunopositivity in the lung, spleen, kidney, and thymus, moderate immunopositivity in the liver, mesenterial lymph nodes, and heart muscle and slight immunopositivity in the brain and skeletal muscle by staining of Brucellaspp. antigens. According to the immunohistochemical results, the immunopositivity of cleaved caspase 3 and LC3B was extremely high in the lung, thymus, spleen, kidney, and liver tissues. The immunostaining of cleaved caspase 3 in the lung, thymus, and kidney tissues was severe compared to that of LC3B. In the liver, spleen, and mesenterial lymph nodes, the immunopositivity of LC3B was higher than that of cleaved caspase 3. Bacterial antigens were highly evident in the lung, spleen, kidney, and thymus tissues of Brucella spp.-related bovine abortions, and both apoptosis and autophagy played a role in cellular death.
Placental Iodothyronine Deiodinases Expression in Pregnant Cows Exposed to Propylthiouracil (Ptu) and Thyroid Axis Activity of their Calves
Authors: Kirovski Danijela , Dodovski Petar , Savić Đorđe , Vujanac Ivan , Prodanović Radiša , Mirilović Milorad , Sladojević Željko , Djordjević Ana 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate if the thyroid axis of newborn calves is affected by prenatal application of propylthyouracil (PTU). The study included 20 late pregnant Holstein cows. One group (n=10) was treated with PTU (4 mg/kg of BW daily) from day 20 before expected calving until the day of calving. The other group (n=10) was non-treated. Placental samples of dams were obtained for measuring mRNA expression of iodothyronine deiodinases type I (D1), type II (D2) and type III (D3). After parturition calves were separated from the dams and included in the study. Blood samples were taken daily from each calf starting on the day of birth until day 7 of age. Blood T3, T4 and TSH concentrations were measured. PCR analysis of the placental tissue revealed an abundance of all three types of placental deiodinases in non-treated cows, and a significant elevation of mRNA levels for all three types of deiodinases after PTU treatment. Calves that originated from dams treated with PTU had significantly lower T3 and T4 and significantly higher TSH concentrations compared to non-treated calves during the first 2 days of life. Starting from day 4 until day 6 of life the opposite effect was observed meaning that calves prenatally exposed to PTU had significantly higher T3 and T4 and slightly lower TSH. Our study, for the first time, provides information related to iodothyronine deiodinases mRNA expression in bovine placenta, and confirm that PTU treatment of pregnant dams provokes depression of thyroid function in newborns during the first days of life.
Effects of BF Gene Polymorphism on the Reproductive Performance of Hybrid Polish Landrace X Polish Large White Sows
Authors: Napierała Dorota , Kawęcka Maria , Jacyno Eugenia , Matysiak Beata , Kołodziej-Skalska Anita 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the potential relationship between variants of the BF gene and litter size in Polish Landrace x Polish Large White sows. To identify polymorphism within the BF gene, the PCR-RFLP method was applied, using specific primers and the SmaI enzyme. The researchers identified the presence of two alleles, T and C, with frequencies: 0.68 and 0.32, giving three genotypes with frequencies: 0.49, 0.37 and 0.14, respectively for TT, TC and CC. Analysis of relationships between the various genotypes of the BF gene and selected reproductive traits showed significant differences. Sows with TT genotype in the BF locus, gave birth to significantly more live piglets in the first litter (10.24) compared with sows with the CC genotype (7.13).
Comparison of M.Semitendinosus Morphometry and Structure in Gilts and Barrows at Market Age
Authors: Božičković Ivana , Vitorović Duško , Blagojević Miloš , Nešić Ivana , Jović Slavoljub , Zdravković Marija , Brkić Zlata 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to investigate the differences in morphometric characteristics and histological structure of m. semitendinosus, between gilts and barrows of German Landrace breed at the end of the fattening period. Morphometric characteristics (weight, length, diameter and cross sectional area) of m. semitendinosus were not significantly different, while gender as a factor influenced the histological properties of this muscle. A very high statistical difference (p<0.01) in the total number of muscle fibers in m. semitendinosus was determined, with gilts having a higher total fiber number. The cross sectional area of fast twitch oxidative (FTO) fibers was significantly higher (p<0.05) in barrows. Gender did not affect the distribution of different fiber types: in both gender, the most present fiber types (48-52 %) were fast twitch glycolitic (FTG), FTO fibers represented 27-30 % of the total fiber number, while slow twitch oxidative fibers (STO) were the least represented (≈ 20 %).