bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes for Anaplastic Glioma Treated With Radiation Therapy With or Without Concurrent Temozolomide
Authors: McTyre Emory , Lucas John T. , Helis Corbin , Farris Michael , Soike Michael , Mott Ryan , Laxton Adrian W. , Tatter Stephen B. , Lesser Glenn J. , Strowd Roy E. , Lo Hui-Wen , Debinski Waldemar , Chan Michael D. 
Published: March 2017

Objectives:
Postoperative management of anaplastic glioma remains without a clear standard of care—in this study we report outcomes for patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) with and without temozolomide (TMZ).

Materials and Methods:
We identified 71 consecutive patients with World Health Organization grade III glioma treated with either RT alone or with concurrent TMZ (RT+TMZ), between 2000 and 2013. Tumor histology was anaplastic astrocytoma in 42 patients, anaplastic oligodendroglioma in 25 patients, and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma in 4 patients. In total, 26 patients received RT and 45 received RT+TMZ. Adjuvant TMZ was administered to 12/26 (46.1%) patients who received RT and 42/45 (93.3%) patients who received RT+TMZ. Time-to-event endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results:
Kaplan-Meier estimates revealed that patients receiving RT+TMZ followed by adjuvant TMZ had improved PFS (P=0.04) and OS (P=0.02) as compared with those receiving RT followed by adjuvant TMZ. Cox proportional hazards multivariate analysis revealed improved PFS and OS with RT+TMZ for all patients (PFS: hazard ratio [HR]=0.42, P=0.02; OS: HR=0.41, P=0.03) and for anaplastic astrocytoma patients (PFS: HR=0.35, P=0.03; OS: HR=0.26, P=0.01), regardless of whether patients received further adjuvant TMZ.

Conclusions:
These findings support the use of RT+TMZ in the postoperative management of grade III glioma, and suggest that there is a benefit to concurrent RT+TMZ that is independent of adjuvant monthly TMZ. Further investigation is warranted, both to prospectively validate the benefit of RT+TMZ, as well as to determine if an additional benefit truly exists for adjuvant TMZ following concurrent RT+TMZ.
Nanoskin® Subcutaneous Implant in Guinea Pigs
Authors: Kaminagakura Kryscia Natsuaki , Sato Silvana Sue , Sugino Patricia , Santos Daniela Carvalho , Kataki Laryssa , Padovani Carlos Roberto , Basmaji Pierre , Schellini Silvana A. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose:To evaluate the suitability of Nanoskin®, a biomaterial derived from bacterial cellulose, as an alternate material for repairing the posterior lamellae of the eyelids.Methods:Forty guinea pigs received a fragment of Nanoskin®subcutaneously in the dorsal region. The animals received Nanoskin®(group 1) or Nanoskin®coated with a gelatin layer (group 2). The animals were observed daily for over 7, 30, 90, or 180 days with the subcutaneous implants in place. The animals were euthanized at a designated time and the Nanoskin®was removed for histologic, morphometric, and transmission electron microscopy evaluation.Results:The results were similar for both groups. The subcutaneously implanted Nanoskin®resulted in good tissue integration, induced mild inflammation, and was surrounded by a delicate pseudocapsule.Conclusion:The good tissue integration of Nanoskin®in study indicates that it may be a potential material for application as a substitute of posterior eyelid lamellar tissue. Further clinical studies are required to confirm the preliminary outcomes of this experimental study.
Sepsis in Obstetrics
Authors: Parfitt Sheryl E. , Bogat Mary L. , Hering Sandra L. , Ottley Charlotte , Roth Cheryl 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis has gained widespread attention on a local, state, and national level, yet, it remains a complicated disorder that can be difficult to identify in a timely manner. Sepsis in obstetric patients further complicates the diagnosis as alterations in physiology related to pregnancy can mask sepsis indicators normally seen in the general population. If early signs of sepsis go unrecognized, septic shock can develop, leading to organ dysfunction and potential death. Maternal early warning tools have been designed to assist clinicians in recognizing early indications of illness. Through use of clinical pathway-specific tools, disease processes may be detected early, subsequently benefitting patients with aggressive treatment management and intervention.
This article is the second in a series of three that discuss the importance of sepsis and septic shock in pregnancy. Risk factors, causes of sepsis, signs and symptoms, and maternal early warning tools are discussed.
Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Maternal Mental Health
Authors: Selix Nancy , Henshaw Erin , Barrera Alinne , Botcheva Luba , Huie Erin , Kaufman Gabrielle 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
One out of every five to seven births is affected by postpartum depression, making it the most common maternal health problem in the first year after childbirth. Early identification and treatment are essential, though screening and treatment rates are low. Factors that inhibit effective screening and treatment include lack of uniform screening policies in all maternal health settings, poor coordination of care between primary care and mental health services, inadequate coordination of community education efforts and resources, social stigma surrounding mental health treatment, and ineffective application of research and technology in the clinical setting. An interdisciplinary model that includes primary care providers, mental health professionals, community resources, policy makers, researchers, and technological innovators addresses these gaps in care and enhances screening and treatment efforts that improve overall maternal and child health. We present a promising interdisciplinary cross-organizational approach coalescing diverse perspectives from those working across policy, research, training, primary care, and mental health in various disciplines to practice collaboratively to improve perinatal mental healthcare.
IV Versus Subcutaneous Enoxaparin in Critically Ill Infants and Children: Comparison of Dosing, Anticoagulation Quality, Efficacy, and Safety Outcomes*
Authors: Diab Yaser A. , Ramakrishnan Karthik , Ferrell Brandon , Chounoune Reginald , Alfares Fahad A. , Endicott Kendal M. , Rooney Sara , Corcoran Jason , Zurakowski David , Berger John T. , Shankar Venkat , Nath Dilip S. 
Published: March 2017

Objective:
Subcutaneous enoxaparin is the mainstay anticoagulant in critically ill pediatric patients although it poses several challenges in this patient population. Enoxaparin infused IV over 30 minutes represents an attractive alternative, but there is limited experience with this route of administration in children. In this study, we assess dosing, anticoagulation quality, safety, and clinical efficacy of IV enoxaparin compared to subcutaneous enoxaparin in critically ill infants and children.

Design:
Retrospective single-center study comparing dosing, anticoagulation quality, safety, and clinical efficacy of two different routes of enoxaparin administration (IV vs subcutaneous) in critically ill infants and children. Key outcome measures included dose needed to achieve target antifactor Xa levels, time required to achieve target antifactor Xa levels, proportion of patients achieving target anticoagulation levels on initial dosing, number of dose adjustments, duration spent in the target antifactor Xa range, anticoagulation-related bleeding complications, anticoagulation failure, and radiologic response to anticoagulation.

Setting:
Tertiary care pediatric hospital.

Patients:
All children admitted to the cardiac ICU, PICU, or neonatal ICU who were prescribed enoxaparin between January 2014 and March 2016 were studied.

Interventions:
One hundred ten patients were identified who had received IV or subcutaneous enoxaparin and had at least one postadministration peak antifactor Xa level documented.

Measurements and Main Results:
Of the 139 courses of enoxaparin administered, 96 were therapeutic dose courses (40 IV and 56 subcutaneous) and 43 were prophylactic dose courses (20 IV and 23 subcutaneous). Dosing, anticoagulation quality measurements, safety, and clinical efficacy were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions:
Our study suggests that anticoagulation with IV enoxaparin infused over 30 minutes is a safe and an equally effective alternative to subcutaneous enoxaparin in critically ill infants and children.
Genome Graphs and the Evolution of Genome Inference
Authors: Paten Benedict , Novak Adam M. , Eizenga Jordan M. , Erik Garrison 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe human reference genome is part of the foundation of modern human biology, and a monumental scientific achievement. However, because it excludes a great deal of common human variation, it introduces a pervasive reference bias into the field of human genomics. To reduce this bias, it makes sense to draw on representative collections of human genomes, brought together into reference cohorts. There are a number of techniques to represent and organize data gleaned from these cohorts, many using ideas implicitly or explicitly borrowed from graph based models. Here, we survey various projects underway to build and apply these graph based structures—which we collectively refer to as genome graphs—and discuss the improvements in read mapping, variant calling, and haplotype determination that genome graphs are expected to produce.
Dynamic response to initial stage blindness in visual system development
Authors: Long Erping , Zhang Xiayin , Liu Zhenzhen , Wu Xiaohang , Tan Xuhua , Lin Duoru , Cao Qianzhong , Chen Jingjing , Lin Zhuoling , Wang Dongni , Li Xiaoyan , Li Jing , Wang Jinghui , Li Wangting , Lin Haotian , Chen Weirong , Liu Yizhi 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTSensitive periods and experience-dependent plasticity have become core issues in visual system development. Converging evidence indicates that visual experience is an indispensable factor in establishing mature visual system circuitry during sensitive periods and the visual system exhibits substantial plasticity when facing deprivation. The mechanisms that underlie the environmental regulation of visual system development and plasticity are of great interest but need further exploration. Here, we investigated a unique sample of human infants who experienced initial stage blindness (beginning at birth and lasting 2 to 8 months) before the removal of bilateral cataracts. Retinal thickness, axial length, refractive status, visual grating acuity and genetic integrity were recorded during the preoperative period or at surgery, and then during follow-up. The results showed that the development of the retina is malleable and associated with external environment influences. Our work supported that the retina might play critical roles in the development of the experience-dependent visual system and its malleability might partly contribute to the sensitive period plasticity.SUMMARY STATEMENTThe follow-up investigation of a group of human infants, who experienced initial stage blindness before the removal of bilateral cataracts, revealed that retinal development is associated with environment influences and its malleability might be a potential basis of plasticity.
Genome-wide association study of alcohol consumption and genetic overlap with other health-related traits in UK Biobank (N=112,117)
Authors: Clarke Toni-Kim , Adams Mark J. , Davies Gail , Howard David M. , Hall Lynsey S. , Padmanabhan Sandosh , Murray Alison D. , Smith Blair H. , Campbell Archie , Hayward Caroline , Porteous David J. , Deary Ian J. , McIntosh Andrew M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlcohol consumption has been linked to over 200 diseases and is responsible for over 5% of the global disease burden. Well known genetic variants in alcohol metabolizing genes, e.g.ALDH2, ADH1B,are strongly associated with alcohol consumption but have limited impact in European populations where they are found at low frequency. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of self-reported alcohol consumption in 112,117 individuals in the UK Biobank (UKB) sample of white British individuals. We report significant genome-wide associations at 8 independent loci. These include SNPs in alcohol metabolizing genes (ADH1B/ADH1C/ADH5) and 2 loci inKLB,a gene recently associated with alcohol consumption. We also identify SNPs at novel loci includingGCKR, PXDN, CADM2andTNFRSF11A.Gene-based analyses found significant associations with genes implicated in the neurobiology of substance use (CRHR1, DRD2), and genes previously associated with alcohol consumption (AUTS2). GCTA-GREML analyses found a significant SNP-based heritability of self-reported alcohol consumption of 13% (S.E.=0.01). Sex-specific analyses found largely overlapping GWAS loci and the genetic correlation between male and female alcohol consumption was 0.73 (S.E.=0.09, p-value = 1.37 x 10−16). Using LD score regression, genetic overlap was found between alcohol consumption and schizophrenia (rG=0.13, S.E=0.04), HDL cholesterol (rG=0.21, S.E=0.05), smoking (rG=0.49, S.E=0.06) and various anthropometric traits (e.g. Overweight, rG=-0.19, S.E.=0.05). This study replicates the association between alcohol consumption and alcohol metabolizing genes andKLB, and identifies 4 novel gene associations that should be the focus of future studies investigating the neurobiology of alcohol consumption.
Evolution of Animal Neural Systems
Authors: Liebeskind Benjamin J. , Hofmann Hans A. , Hillis David M. , Zakon Harold H. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNervous systems are one of the most spectacular products of evolution. Their provenance and evolution have been an area of interest and often intense debate since the late 19th century. The genomics era has provided researchers with a new set of tools with which to study the early evolution of neurons, and recent progress on the molecular evolution of the first neurons has been both exciting and frustrating. It has become increasingly obvious that genomic data is often insufficient to reconstruct complex phenotypes in deep evolutionary time. We review this recent progress and its attendant challenges, and suggest ways forward.
Reconstructing regulatory pathways by systematically mapping protein localization interdependency networks
Authors: Dodgson James , Chessel Anatole , Vaggi Federico , Giordan Marco , Yamamoto Miki , Arai Kunio , Madrid Marisa , Geymonat Marco , Abenza Juan Francisco , Cansado José , Sato Masamitsu , Csikasz-Nagy Attila , Carazo Salas Rafael Edgardo 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTA key goal of functional genomics is to elucidate how genes and proteins act together in space and time, wired as pathways, to control specific aspects of cell biological function. Here, we develop a method to quantitatively determine proteins’ localization interdependencies at high throughput. We show that this method can be used to systematically obtain weighted, signed and directional pathway relationships, and hence to reconstruct a detailed pathway wiring. As proof-of-principle, we focus on 42 factors that control cell polarity in fission yeast(Schizosaccharomyces pombe)and use high-throughput confocal microscopy and quantitative image analysis to reconstruct their Localization Interdependency Network (LIN). Through this approach we identify 554 pairwise interactions across the factors, including 98% putative new directed links. Validation of an unexpected interaction between two polarity factor subgroups - the polarity landmark proteins and the cell integrity pathway components - by orthogonal phenotyping demonstrates the power of the LIN approach in detecting subtle, systems-level causal connections.
Reconciling Conflicting Models for Global Control of Cell-Cycle Transcription
Authors: Cho Chun-Yi , Motta Francis C. , Kelliher Christina M. , Deckard Anastasia , Haase Steven B. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYHow the program of periodic cell-cycle transcription is controlled has been debated for several years. Models have ranged from control by a CDK-APC/C oscillator, by a transcription factor (TF) network, or by coupled CDK-APC/C and TF networks. In contrast to current models, a recent study concluded that the cell-cycle transcriptional program is primarily controlled by a CDK-APC/C oscillator with little input from the TF network. This conclusion was largely based on an assumption that substantial drops in transcript levels of network TFs would render them unable to regulate their targets. By combining quantitative modeling and an unbiased analysis of the RNA-seq data, we demonstrate that the data from this recent study are completely consistent with previous reports indicating a critical role of a TF network. Moreover, we report substantial transcript dynamics in cells arrested with intermediate levels of B-cyclins, further supporting the model in which oscillating CDK activity is not required to produce phase-specific transcription.
Base Composition, Speciation, and Why the Mitochondrial Barcode Precisely Classifies
Authors: Forsdyke Donald R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhile its mechanism and biological significance are unknown, the utility of a short mitochondrial DNA sequence as a “barcode” providing accurate species identification has revolutionized the classification of organisms. Since highest accuracy was achieved with recently diverged species, hopes were raised that barcodes would throw light on the speciation process. Indeed, a failure of a maternally-donated, rapidly mutating, mitochondrial genome to coadapt its gene products with those of a paternally-donated nuclear genome could result in developmental failure, thus creating a post-zygotic barrier leading to reproductive isolation and sympatric branching into independent species. However, the barcode itself encodes a highly conserved, species-invariant, protein, and the discriminatory power resides in the non-amino acid specific bases of synonymous codons. It is here shown how the latter could register changes in the oligonucleotide frequencies of nuclear DNA that, when they fail to match in pairing meiotic chromosomes, could reproductively isolate the parents (whose hybrid is sterile) so launching a primary divergence into two species. It is proposed that, while not itself contributing to speciation, the barcode sequence provides an index of the nuclear DNA oligonucleotide frequencies that drive speciation.
Quantitating Translational Control: mRNA Abundance-Dependent and Independent Contributions and the mRNA Sequences That Specify Them
Authors: Li Jingyi Jessica , Chew Guo-Liang , Biggin Mark D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTranslation rate per mRNA molecule correlates positively with mRNA abundance. As a result, protein levels do not scale linearly with mRNA levels, but instead scale with the abundance of mRNA raised to the power of an “amplification exponent”. Here we show that to quantitate translational control, the translation rate must be decomposed into two components. One, TRmD, depends on the mRNA level and defines the amplification exponent. The other, TRmIND, is independent of mRNA amount and impacts the correlation coefficient between protein and mRNA levels. We show that inS. cerevisiaeTRmDrepresents ∼20% of the variance in translation and directs an amplification exponent of 1.20 with a 95% confidence interval [1.14, 1.26]. TRmINDconstitutes the remaining ∼80% of the variance in translation and explains ∼5% of the variance in protein expression. We also find that TRmDand TRmINDare preferentially determined by different mRNA sequence features: TRmINDby the length of the open reading frame and TRmDboth by a ∼60 nucleotide element that spans the initiating AUG and by codon and amino acid frequency. Our work provides more appropriate estimates of translational control and implies that TRmINDis under different evolutionary selective pressures than TRmD.
Experimental study on under-deposit corrosion and its inhibition using electrochemical methods and electronic coupon technique
Authors: Xu Yunze , Huang Yi , He Limin , Yang Fei , Wang Xiaona 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
In this study the aim was to investigate under-deposit corrosion (UDC) behavior and the action effects of amino trimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP) in the oxygen-contained solution.

Design/methodology/approach
Electrochemical methods and wire beam electrode techniques were used for the study of ATMP action effect for X65 steel under silica sand and CaCO3 particle deposit. Electronic coupon technique was used for the study of galvanic effect caused by the deposits and the action effect of ATMP.

Findings
ATMP would cause localized corrosion for the silica sand-covered steel. However, it could inhibit the localized corrosion of the steel beneath CaCO3 particle deposit. Galvanic effect test showed that the galvanic effect caused by the deposits was an important factor for the acceleration of UDC. ATMP had an obvious promotion effect for the galvanic current between bare coupon and silica sand covered coupon and different degrees of localized corrosion were observed beneath both deposits.

Originality/value
The authors believe that the paper may be of particular interest to the readers of the journal as the measurement methods for the UDC of X65 pipeline steel. The experiment they did in the laboratory found that the inhibitor ATMP has a good inhibition effect for bare steel, but it would accelerate the UDC. Different kinds of deposits would have different influences for the UDC behavior with inhibitor added.
Measurement scales for technology-generated customer contact
Authors: Rudran Raghunath , Kumar J. Ajith 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop measurement scales for customer contact in a technology-generated context.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adapted the scales of Froehle and Roth (2004), by following a systematic scale adaptation and development process. The adapted scales were tested for psychometric properties and refined by building measurement models using partial least squares structural equation modeling.FindingsThe authors found it necessary to revise Froehle and Roth’s (2004) original items in most of the scales. After testing, the “attitude towards the episode” scale was dropped and remaining nine scales were retained.Research limitations/implicationsThe scales will be useful to future researchers on online shopping to advance their research. The scales can be tested and validated with data from multiple empirical contexts and adapted to those contexts as necessary. Future studies must examine path relationships between belief, attitude, and intention constructs.Practical implicationsThe adapted scales can be useful to practitioners in the domain of online shopping to measure the beliefs, attitudes, and intentions of their customers. Potential beneficiaries include service providers, service designers, industry associations as well as regulators in the government.Originality/valueThe overarching contribution of this paper lies in developing scales pertaining to the online shopping context of technology-generated customer contact. The paper has simultaneously addressed two relatively less attended areas of research on service operations – the role of technology in customer contact and measurement of customer contact.