bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Late Carboniferous Khuhu Davaa ophiolite in northeastern Mongolia: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean
Authors: Zhu Ming‐Shuai , Zhang Fochin , Miao Lai‐Cheng , Baatar Munkhtsengel , Anaad Chimedtseren , Yang Shun‐Hu , Li Xing‐Bo 
Published: July 2017

The newly discovered Khuhu Davaa ophiolite is located in the Adaatsag suture zone, which marks the closure of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean in northeastern Mongolia. In this paper, we present new geochemical and SIMS zircon U–Pb data for the ophiolite to provide some constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Mongol–Okhotsk orogenic belt. Metagabbro and plagiogranite samples from the ophiolite yielded SIMS zircon U–Pb ages of 321 ± 4 Ma and 314 ± 3 Ma, respectively, which are interpreted to represent the formation age of the ophiolite. These data suggest that the Carboniferous Khuhu Davaa ophiolite is likely related to the contemporaneous Adaatsag ophiolite to the southwest, defining the suture zone of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean in northeastern Mongolia. Tholeiitic basalt samples from the ophiolite show N‐MORB and E‐MORB geochemical affinities but are enriched in Ba, Pb, and Sr, which may reflect an input of subduction‐related fluids. Metagabbro samples exhibit HSFE depletion and LILE enrichment, which are diagnostic geochemical features of arc magmatism. Plagiogranites with low TiO2 contents appear to have formed through partial melting rather than fractional crystallization of a mafic crust in the subduction zone environment. Thus, we suggest that the Khuhu Davaa ophiolite resulted from generation of oceanic crust during the closure of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean and documents the initiation of subduction during the Late Carboniferous in northeastern Mongolia.
Geomorphologic study of the valley floor in different tectonic segments along Kosi River valley between South Almora Thrust and Himalayan Frontal Thrust: Kumaun Himalaya, India
Authors: Luirei Khayingshing , Bhakuni S.S. , Kothyari Girish C. 
Published: July 2017

In the Kumaun Himalaya, a portion of the Kosi River valley of ~90 km in length is chosen to study the fluvial morphology that provides first‐order information about the dynamic response of bedrock channels to tectonic impulse. The Kosi River flows across/along major tectonic boundaries such as the South Almora Thrust, Ramgarh Thrust, Main Boundary Thrust, and the Himalayan Frontal Thrust, and local transverse and longitudinal faults. Varied fluvial landforms correspond to different tectonic settings, lithologies, bedrock channels, hillslopes, large landslides, terraces, and fans. The longitudinal valleys are also the sites for thick aggradational landforms. Some portion of these valleys fall in the areas of active extensional tectonics and is characterized by one of the widest valley floor sections in the Lesser Himalaya. In contrast, the transverse valley sections are incised by deep‐cut v‐shaped valleys and the narrowest valley section. Swerving of the Kosi River is observed in the Ramgarh Thrust and Amel Fault zones and also in the Main Boundary Thrust zone. Recent tectonic activity is evident from the presence of the faulted Quaternary deposits, linear fault scarps, abandoned channels, incised meandering, and multiple levels of terraces/strath terraces. Field observations and the computed ratio of valley floor width to valley height (Vf) corroborate each other. Valleys developed parallel to the strike of faults and bedrocks have relatively broader valleys with higher Vf values whereas in contrast, the valleys developed across the bedrock strike are narrow with smaller Vf values. The results of computed stream length gradient (SL) and steepness (Ks) indices show considerable correlations between the obtained SL and Ks data and the field evidences; high values of SL and Ks are characterized by the presence of knick points observed at the prominent thrusts and faults.
Characterization of serum proteins attached to distinct sol–gel hybrid surfaces
Authors: Araújo‐Gomes Nuno , Romero‐Gavilán Francisco , Sánchez‐Pérez Ana M. , Gurruchaga Marilo , Azkargorta Mikel , Elortza Felix , Martinez‐Ibañez María , Iloro Ibon , Suay Julio , Goñi Isabel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe success of a dental implant depends on its osseointegration, an important feature of the implant biocompatibility. In this study, two distinct sol–gel hybrid coating formulations [50% methyltrimethoxysilane: 50% 3‐glycidoxypropyl‐trimethoxysilane (50M50G) and 70% methyltrimethoxysilane with 30% tetraethyl orthosilicate (70M30T)] were applied onto titanium implants. To evaluate their osseointegration, in vitro and in vivo assays were performed. Cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro did not show any differences between the coatings. However, four and eight weeks after in vivo implantation, the fibrous capsule area surrounding 50M50G‐implant was 10 and 4 times, respectively, bigger than the area of connective tissue surrounding the 70M30T treated implant. Thus, the in vitro results gave no prediction or explanation for the 50M50G‐implant failure in vivo. We hypothesized that the first protein layer adhered to the surface may have direct implication in implant osseointegration, and perhaps correlate with the in vivo outcome. Human serum was used for adsorption analysis on the biomaterials, the first layer of serum proteins adhered to the implant surface was analyzed by proteomic analysis, using mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). From the 171 proteins identified; 30 proteins were significantly enriched on the 50M50G implant surface. This group comprised numerous proteins of the immune complement system, including several subcomponents of the C1 complement, complement factor H, C4b‐binding protein alpha chain, complement C5 and C‐reactive protein. This result suggests that these proteins enriched in 50M50G surface might trigger the cascade leading to the formation of the fibrous capsule observed. The implications of these results could open up future possibilities to predict the biocompatibility problems in vivo. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1477–1485, 2018.
Sirtuin7 is involved in protecting neurons against oxygen‐glucose deprivation and reoxygenation‐induced injury through regulation of the p53 signaling pathway
Authors: Lv Jianrui , Tian Junbin , Zheng Guoxi , Zhao Jing 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSirtuin7 (SIRT7) is known to regulate apoptosis and stress responses. So far, very little is known about the role of SIRT7 in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of SIRT7 in regulating oxygen‐glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R)‐induced injury in neurons. We found a significant increase of SIRT7 expression in neurons in response to OGD/R treatment. Knockdown of SIRT7 aggravated OGD/R‐induced injury. Knockdown of SIRT7 augmented the levels of total and acetylated p53 protein. Moreover, knockdown of SIRT7 markedly increased the transcriptional activity of p53 toward apoptosis and activated the p53‐mediated proapoptotic signaling pathway. By contrast, overexpression of SIRT7 showed the opposite effects. Taken together, the results of our study suggest that SIRT7 is involved in protecting neurons against OGD/R‐induced injury, possibly through regulation of the p53‐mediated proapoptotic signaling pathway, indicating a potential therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Predicting the level of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer: Usefulness of breast MRI computer‐aided detection and diagnosis
Authors: Ku You Jin , Kim Hak Hee , Cha Joo Hee , Shin Hee Jung , Chae Eun Young , Choi Woo Jung , Lee Hee Jin , Gong Gyungyub 
Published: July 2017

PurposeTo evaluate the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) computer‐aided detection and diagnosis (CAD) for the detection of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. TNBC is a heterogeneous malignancy with a varying prognosis. Recently, the importance of TILs in TNBC has been determined.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 60 lesions of TNBC. Either at 1.5T or 3T MRI, including T1, T2‐weighted, and dynamic contrast‐enhanced, images were obtained. The CAD results for all lesions were obtained, and we analyzed quantitative kinetic features including the initial peak enhancement and enhancement profiles. We divided the tumors into two groups: those with a TIL level of less than 50%, and those with a TIL level of 50% or more. Kinetic parameters were compared using Student's t‐tests and chi‐square tests.ResultsThere were 48 low‐TIL lesions and 12 high‐TIL lesions. The portion of persistent enhancement of tumors was negatively associated with the TIL levels (P = 0.003). The persistent minus washout value of the low‐TIL group was higher than that of the high‐TIL group (P = 0.008). The odds ratios were 0.944 (P = 0.012) for the persistent portion and 0.971 (P = 0.008) for the persistent minus washout value.ConclusionThe prediction model using kinetic enhancement parameters, particularly persistent proportion and plateau minus washout value, could be helpful for identifying TIL levels in TNBC and may be used as an imaging biomarker to guide the treatment plan.Level of Evidence: 4Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:760–766.
Brain volumetric correlates of inhibition and cognitive flexibility 16 years following childhood traumatic brain injury
Authors: Yu Kelleynne , Seal Marc L. , Reyes Jonathan , Godfrey Celia , Anderson Vicki , Adamson Chris , Ryan Nicholas P. , Hearps Stephen J. C. , Catroppa Cathy 
Published: July 2017

AbstractExecutive functions (EFs), such as inhibition and cognitive flexibility, are essential for everyday functioning, including regulation of socially appropriate emotional responses. These skills develop during childhood and continue maturing into early adulthood. The current study aimed to investigate the very long‐term impact of childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) on inhibition and cognitive flexibility, and to examine whether global white matter is associated with these abilities. Twenty‐eight young adult survivors of childhood TBI (mean age at 16‐year follow‐up = 21.67 years, SD = 2.70) and 16 typically developing controls (TDCs), group‐matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic status, completed tests of inhibition and cognitive flexibility and underwent structural MRI. Survivors of childhood TBI did not significantly differ from TDCs on EF or white matter volume. However, the relationship between EF and white matter volume differed between survivors of TBI and TDCs. Survivors of TBI did not mimic the brain behavior relationship that characterized EF in TDCs. The inverse brain behavior relationship, exhibited by childhood TBI survivors, suggests disruptions in the whole brain underpinning EF following childhood TBI.
Optimization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced hollow‐fiber solid–liquid‐phase microextraction for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples using experimental design
Authors: Hamedi Raheleh , Hadjmohammadi Mohammad Reza 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA novel design of hollow‐fiber liquid‐phase microextraction containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a solid sorbent, which is immobilized in the pore and lumen of hollow fiber by the sol–gel technique, was developed for the pre‐concentration and determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples. The proposed method utilized both solid‐ and liquid‐phase microextraction media. Parameters that affect the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were optimized in two successive steps as follows. Firstly, a methodology based on a quarter factorial design was used to choose the significant variables. Then, these significant factors were optimized utilizing central composite design. Under the optimized condition (extraction time = 25 min, amount of multiwalled carbon nanotubes = 78 mg, sample volume = 8 mL, and desorption time = 5 min), the calibration curves showed high linearity (R2 = 0.99) in the range of 0.01–500 ng/mL and the limits of detection were in the range of 0.007–1.47 ng/mL. The obtained extraction recoveries for 10 ng/mL of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons standard solution were in the range of 85–92%. Replicating the experiment under these conditions five times gave relative standard deviations lower than 6%. Finally, the method was successfully applied for pre‐concentration and determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples.
Separation and identification of lipids in the photosynthetic cousins of Apicomplexa Chromera velia and Vitrella brassicaformis
Authors: Tomčala Aleš , Kyselová Veronika , Schneedorferová Ivana , Opekarová Iva , Moos Martin , Urajová Petra , Kručinská Jitka , Oborník Miroslav 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe alveolate algae Chromera velia and Vitrella brassicaformis (chromerids) are the closest known phototrophic relatives to apicomplexan parasites. Apicomplexans are responsible for fatal diseases of humans and animals and severe economic losses. Availability of the genome sequences of chromerids together with easy and rapid culturing of C. velia makes this alga a suitable model for investigating elementary biochemical principals potentially important for the apicomplexan pathogenicity. Such knowledge allows us to better understand processes during the evolutionary transition from a phototrophy to the parasitism in Apicomplexa. We explored lipidomes of both algae using high‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry or gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. A single high‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry analysis in both ionization modes was sufficient for the separation and semi‐quantification of lipids in chromerid algae. We detected more than 250 analytes belonging to five structural lipid classes, two lipid classes of precursors and intermediates, and triacylglycerols as storage lipids. Identification of suggested structures was confirmed by high‐resolution mass spectrometry with an Orbitrap mass analyzer. An outstandingly high accumulation of storage triacylglycerols was found in both species. All the investigated aspects make C. velia a prospective organism for further applications in biotechnology.
Ultrasound‐assisted, hybrid ionic liquid, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of insecticides in fruit juices based on partition coefficients
Authors: Zeng Haozhe , Yang Xiaoling , Yang Miyi , Wu Xiaoling , Zhou Wenfeng , Zhang Sanbing , Lu Runhua , Li Jing , Gao Haixiang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn ultrasound‐assisted, hybrid ionic liquid, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography with a variable‐wavelength detector was developed to detect ten insecticides, including diflubenzuron, triflumuron, hexaflumuron, flufenoxuron, lufenuron, diafenthiuron, transfluthrin, fenpropathrin, γ‐cyhalothrin and deltamethrin, in fruit juices. In this method, an appropriate extraction solvent was chosen based on the partition coefficient of the target compounds. A mixture of 1‐octyl‐2,3‐dimethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide was used as the extractant. The extraction efficiency was screened using Plackett–Burman design and optimized using central composite design. Under the optimal conditions, good linearity was obtained for all the analytes in the pure water model and the fruit juice samples. In pure water, the recoveries of the ten insecticides ranged from 85.7 to 108.9%, with relative standard deviations for one day ranging from 1.24 to 2.64%. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.19–0.69 μg/L, and the enrichment factors were in the range of 123–160. The logarithm of the n‐octanol/water partition coefficient in this experiment is a useful reference to select a suitable extraction solvent, and the proposed technique was applied for the analysis of ten insecticides in fruit juice with satisfactory results.
A generic multimodule phantom for testing geometry of a linac c‐arm as a part of quality control in radiotherapy
Authors: Tabor Zbisław , Kabat Damian , Tulik Monika , Kycia Radosław , Latała Zbigniew 
Published: July 2017

PurposeTo develop an assumption‐free methodology for testing geometry of linacs.MethodsThe problem of projecting a fiducial positioned in a predefined point in a 3D space and attached rigidly to a treatment table of a radiotherapeutic device onto an imaging plane with unknown characteristics from a source with unknown coordinates is formulated. The problem of determining these unknowns is formulated as an optimization problem. The problem of determining the gantry/the collimator rotation axis and angle from projection of additional fiducials is also formulated and solved. Analytical methodology is developed for determining isocenter position and an error of estimating isocenter position. The developed methodology is tested in simulations.ResultsVery good agreement between preset and calculated values of quantities of interest was found in the simulations. In all cases, the proposed schemes enabled determination of the geometric characteristics of a radiotherapeutic device with accuracy better than one hundredth of a millimeter and one hundredth of a degree.ConclusionsA concept of a multimodule multifiducial phantom has been introduced. Analytical framework has been developed to extract geometric characteristics of radiotherapy devices from projection images of a phantom. The phantom design and the methodology developed have been tested in simulations.
Developing a practical suicide risk prediction model for targeting high‐risk patients in the Veterans health Administration
Authors: Kessler Ronald C. , Hwang Irving , Hoffmire Claire A. , McCarthy John F. , Petukhova Maria V. , Rosellini Anthony J. , Sampson Nancy A. , Schneider Alexandra L. , Bradley Paul A. , Katz Ira R. , Thompson Caitlin , Bossarte Robert M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has begun using predictive modeling to identify Veterans at high suicide risk to target care. Initial analyses are reported here.MethodsA penalized logistic regression model was compared with an earlier proof‐of‐concept logistic model. Exploratory analyses then considered commonly‐used machine learning algorithms. Analyses were based on electronic medical records for all 6,360 individuals classified in the National Death Index as having died by suicide in fiscal years 2009–2011 who used VHA services the year of their death or prior year and a 1% probability sample of time‐matched VHA service users alive at the index date (n = 2,112,008).ResultsA penalized logistic model with 61 predictors had sensitivity comparable to the proof‐of‐concept model (which had 381 predictors) at target thresholds. The machine learning algorithms had relatively similar sensitivities, the highest being for Bayesian additive regression trees, with 10.7% of suicides occurred among the 1.0% of Veterans with highest predicted risk and 28.1% among the 5.0% of with highest predicted risk.ConclusionsBased on these results, VHA is using penalized logistic regression in initial intervention implementation. The paper concludes with a discussion of other practical issues that might be explored to increase model performance.
Approaching ultimate intrinsic signal‐to‐noise ratio with loop and dipole antennas
Authors: Lattanzi Riccardo , Wiggins Graham C. , Zhang Bei , Duan Qi , Brown Ryan , Sodickson Daniel K. 
Published: July 2017

PurposePrevious work with body‐size objects suggested that loops are optimal MR detectors at low fields, whereas electric dipoles are required to maximize signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) at ultrahigh fields ( ≥ 7 T). Here we investigated how many loops and/or dipoles are needed to approach the ultimate intrinsic SNR (UISNR) at various field strengths.MethodsWe calculated the UISNR inside dielectric cylinders mimicking different anatomical regions. We assessed the performance of various arrays with respect to the UISNR. We validated our results by comparing simulated and experimental coil performance maps.ResultsArrays with an increasing number of loops can rapidly approach the UISNR at fields up to 3 T, but are suboptimal at ultrahigh fields for body‐size objects. The opposite is true for dipole arrays. At 7 T and above, 16 dipoles provide considerably larger central SNR than any possible loop array, and minimal g factor penalty for parallel imaging.ConclusionsElectric dipoles can be advantageous at ultrahigh fields because they can produce both curl‐free and divergence‐free currents, whereas loops are limited to divergence‐free contributions only. Combining loops and dipoles may be optimal for body imaging at 3 T, whereas arrays of loops or dipoles alone may perform better at lower or higher field strengths, respectively. Magn Reson Med 79:1789–1803, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Luftqualität und Klima – Herausforderungen für die Chemie
Authors: Wiesen Peter , Zellner Reinhard 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBereits vor etwa zweieinhalb Jahrzehnten entschied sich die GDCh, zusammen mit Dechema und DBG einen gemeinsamen Arbeitsausschuss „Atmosphärenchemie“ zu gründen. Dieser sollte damals dazu beitragen, die Diskussion um FCKW und die Ursachen des Ozonlochs erheblich zu versachlichen. Heute heißt der Arbeitsausschuss „Chemie, Luftqualität und Klima (CLK)“. Mit der Gründung von Process‐Net ist die Mitträgerschaft der Dechema an diese übergegangen; seit neuestem ist auch der VDI beteiligt. Mit der Namensänderung ist auch eine Schärfung des thematischen Fokus entsprechend der wissenschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Bedeutung von Luftqualität und Klima vorgenommen worden.
Motivationsfaktor Chemie – die interaktive Grundvorlesung
Authors: Ehli Christian 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDer gute Vorsatz bei Studierenden lautet: von Anfang an regelmäßig bei einer Vorlesung mitlernen. Letztendlich beginnen die meisten doch erst kurz vor der Klausur. Stress und schlaflose Nächte sind programmiert. Wie können Dozenten hier Abhilfe schaffen?
Im Osten viel Neues
Authors: Hey‐Hawkins Evamarie 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIm Jahr 1867 gründete sich die Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft, die ältere der beiden Vorgängerorganisationen der GDCh. Die Spaltung Deutschlands nach dem Krieg spiegelte sich auch in zwei deutschen Chemie‐Gesellschaften: neben der GDCh die Chemische Gesellschaft der DDR. Wo steht die Chemie 27 Jahre nach der Vereinigung?