bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baicalin enhances antioxidant, inflammatory defense, and microbial diversity of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) infected with Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Yan Pupu , Liu Jiali , Huang Yongxi , Yi Tilin , Zhang Heng , Dai Gang , Wang Xiong , Gao Zhenzhen , He Bin , Guo Weili , Su Yingbing , Guo Liwei 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe aim of this research was to clarify the mechanism through which baicalin exerts its inhibitory effects on Aeromonas hydrophila infection.MethodsThe antibacterial efficacy of baicalin was assessed by determining its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against A. hydrophila. Various parameters, including the growth curve, cell wall integrity, biofilm formation, AKP content, and morphological alterations of A. hydrophila, were analyzed. In vivo experiments involved the administration of A. hydrophila 4 h postintraperitoneal injection of varying doses of baicalin to induce infection, with subsequent monitoring of mortality rates. After a 3 d period, liver, spleen, and intestinal tissues were harvested to evaluate organ indices, antioxidant and immune parameters, as well as intestinal microbial composition.ResultsThe findings indicated that baicalin treatment resulted in the disruption of the cell wall of A. hydrophila, leading to the loss of its normal structural integrity. Furthermore, baicalin significantly inhibited biofilm formation and facilitated the release of intracellular proteins (P &lt; 0.05). In vivo, baicalin enhanced the survival rates of yellow catfish infected with A. hydrophila. Compared to the control group, the liver index of yellow catfish was elevated, while the spleen and intestinal indices were reduced in the baicalin-treated group (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, baicalin at an appropriate dosage was found to increase levels of SOD, GSH, CAT, ACP, and AKP in yellow catfish (P &lt; 0.05), while simultaneously decreasing MDA accumulation and the mRNA expression of inflammatory markers such as Keap1, IL1, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, baicalin significantly enhanced the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) count in A. hydrophila-infected yellow catfish (P &lt; 0.05), restoring the abundance of Barnesiellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Plesiomonas, and UBA1819 (P &lt; 0.05).DiscussionIn summary, baicalin demonstrates the potential to improve the survival rate of yellow catfish subjected to A. hydrophila infection, augment antioxidant and immune responses, mitigate inflammation, and enhance intestinal microbial diversity.
Genetically predicted N-Acetyl-L-Alanine mediates the association between CD3 on activated and secreting Tregs and Guillain-Barre syndrome
Authors: Lyu Qi , Zhang Lianlian , Ding Yasuo , Liu Zehao 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study sought to explore the potential causal relationships among immune cell traits, Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and metabolites.MethodsEmploying a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, the study investigated the causal associations between 731 immune cell traits, 1400 metabolite levels and GBS leveraging summary-level data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS). To ensure the reliability of our findings, we further assessed horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity and evaluated the stability of MR results using the Leave-one-out method.ResultsThis study revealed a causal relationship between CD3 on activated &amp; secreting Tregs and GBS. Higher CD3 on activated and secreting Regulatory Tregs increased the risk of GBS (primary MR analysis odds ratio (OR) 1.31/SD increase, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.58, p = 0.005). There was no reverse causality for GBS on CD3 on activated &amp; secreting Tregs (p = 0.36). Plasma metabolite N-Acetyl-L-Alanine (ALA) was significantly positively correlated with GBS by using the IVW method (OR = 2.04, 95% CI, 1.26–3.30; p = 0.00038). CD3 on activated &amp; secreting Tregs was found to be positively associated with ALA risk (IVW method, OR, 1.04; [95% CI, 1.01–1.07], p = 0.0078). Mediation MR analysis indicated the mediated proportion of CD3 on activated &amp; secreting Tregs mediated by ALA was 10% (95%CI 2.63%, 17.4%).ConclusionIn conclusion, our study identified a causal relationship between the level of CD3 on activated &amp; secreting Tregs and GBS by genetic means, with a considerable proportion of the effect mediated by ALA. In clinical practice, thus providing guidance for future clinical research.
Feasibility study of dual-accelerated simultaneous multi-slice imaging in diffusion tensor imaging of glioma
Authors: He Yakun , Chen Xiaoyu , Yi Siqing , Wang Min , Ren Jin , Zhou Peng , Deng Heping 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the value of dual-accelerated simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) imaging in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of glioma.MethodsThirty-four patients with glioma who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in our hospital from January 2022 to March 2023 were randomly selected. The results of dual-accelerated SMS-DTI and conventional DTI were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were scanned using a uMR790 3.0T MRI scanner, and the scanning technicians followed a predefined sequence to ensure consistency in scan parameters. The images were subjectively evaluated using a Likert 5-point scoring system. Objective evaluation was performed by measuring the required values of the images with b-value = 1000 s/mm2, primarily measuring the signal intensity in the tumor region and the contralateral normal brain white matter region. The standard deviation values were used to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the same encoding direction as the background noise. The number of generated fiber pathways, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) were measured and analyzed using post-processing software. The relative FA (rFA) and relative MD (rMD) were calculated.ResultsThe results of conventional DTI and SMS-accelerated DTI were compared. In terms of subjective evaluation, including overall image quality, tumor edge clarity, and magnetic sensitivity artifacts, both techniques showed no significant differences, indicating comparable diagnostic performance in anatomical visualization. In terms of objective evaluation and quantitative parameter measurement, there were statistically significant differences in SNR and CNR values, with slightly lower values in the dual-accelerated SMS-DTI compared with conventional DTI, a significant reduction in scanning time can be achieved through a slight loss in image quality. The number of fiber pathways and the rFA and rMD values did not show typical differences between the two techniques. The correlation between these measures was highly similar, with no significant differences observed.ConclusionThe application of dual-accelerated simultaneous multi-slice imaging in DTI of glioma is feasible.
Genes of cancer-related fatigue: a scoping review
Authors: Song Yuqing , Sun Xuefeng , Shen Lu , Qu Zihan , Yin Jiawei , Wang Zilin , Zhang Hongshi 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundCancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a prevalent adverse effect experienced by cancer patients while receiving and after treatment, impacting as many as 90% of individuals. Although CRF is common, the genetic processes responsible for it and their influence on individual vulnerability are not well understood and are still being investigated.ObjectiveThe primary objective of this scoping review is to identify and assess genes linked to the vulnerability and severity of CRF. This will help us better understand the genetic factors involved and assist in developing targeted nursing treatments in clinical settings.MethodsThis review followed the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed in databases, such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, CNKI, and VIP, encompassing genetic association studies on CRF published up to February 25, 2024. The JBI Critical Appraisal Tools were used to assess the quality of observational studies.ResultsThis evaluation encompassed a comprehensive analysis of 14 studies that involved 3,254 patients. The results indicate strong connections between CRF and various inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), and circadian rhythm genes (CLOCK, PER).ConclusionThis scoping review emphasizes the significant genetic factor in CRF, with multiple genes showing distinct effects on cancer fatigue symptoms. Identifying these genes enhances our comprehension of CRF and unveils novel avenues for cancer treatment approaches. Future research should prioritize conducting cohort studies to monitor alterations in gene expression pre- and post-treatment, hence improving individualized medicinal strategies in oncology.
Clinical and hematological analysis of testicular torsion in children
Authors: Deng Qi-Fei , Yang Chao , Mao Changkun , Chu Han 
Published: September 2024

PurposeAnalyze the clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and imaging data of testicular torsion to provide clinical insights for timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment of testicular torsion.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 67 pediatric patients suspected of testicular torsion, admitted and subjected to surgical exploration from June 2018 to June 2023. Based on whether the torsed testicle was excised during surgery, the patients were divided into orchiectomy group (40 cases) and orchidopexy group (27 cases). Combining clinical symptoms, signs, ultrasound examinations, and laboratory tests, the study aimed to summarize the influencing factors on the onset, diagnosis, and treatment of testicular torsion.ResultsThe clinical manifestations of all 67 pediatric patients were generally typical. Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CDFI) and surgical exploration were performed for all cases, and the results were consistent. Testicular color doppler ultrasound suggested reduced or absent blood flow, leading to surgical treatment in all cases. All patients had unilateral testicular torsion, with 46 cases (68.66%) on the left side and 21 cases (31.34%) on the right side. Intrafunicular torsion occurred in 60 cases (89.55%), while extrafunicular torsion occurred in 7 cases (10.45%). The onset distribution was as follows: 20 cases in spring, 16 cases in summer, 16 cases in autumn, and 15 cases in winter. Univariate analysis indicated significant statistical differences in age, degree of testicular torsion, duration of symptoms, NEUT, NLR, and occurrence of tunica fluid between the two groups of patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of symptoms and the occurrence of hydrocele were independent risk factors for determining testicular viability.ConclusionTesticular torsion is more common in children and adolescents, with clinical manifestations including scrotal pain, scrotal redness and swelling, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. In the early stages of testicular torsion, inflammatory markers in the blood increase, and preoperative ultrasound indicates hydrocele. This suggests that the testicle is in an early twisted state, with good viability and potential for preservation.
Transdermal buprenorphine patch as an adjunct to multimodal analgesia after total joint arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fang Xiaoli , Zhao Yueping , Yao Yao , Qin Jianghui , Lin Yan , Yang Jin , Xu Ruijuan 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundTotal hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) is often associated with varying degrees of pain. In recent years, transdermal buprenorphine (TDB) patch has shown encouraging results for acute postoperative pain control in orthopedic surgery. The aim of our study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the combination of TDB patch and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as a multimodal analgesic regimen after THA/TKA.MethodsPatients who underwent THA and TKA between January 2022 and January 2023 were reviewed. Three postoperative analgesic regimens were selected: Group A (flurbiprofen 50 mg and tramadol 37.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg), Group B (flurbiprofen 50 mg and TDB 5 mg), and Group C (Parecoxib 40 mg and TDB 5 mg). The primary outcomes were the Wong-Baker face pain scale revision (FPS-R) scores and the rate of sleep disturbances. Secondary outcomes of the study included the proportion of patients with postoperative pain relief rates categorized as 0%, &lt;50%, ≥50%, and 100%.ResultsThe dynamic FPS-R pain scores on day 3 after surgery in Group B were significantly lower than those in Group A for THA (P &lt; 0.017). The dynamic FPS-R pain scores were lowest in Group C on day 2 and 3 after THA and TKA (P &lt; 0.017). Rate of sleep disturbances was significantly lower in Group B for THA and in Group C for TKA, respectively, compared with that in Group A (P &lt; 0.017). The proportion of dynamic pain relief rate ≥50% in Group C was statistically higher than that in Group A for THA (P &lt; 0.017). Rate of adverse reactions among three groups for THA and TKA was not statistically different (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThis study suggests that the combination of TDB patch and NSAIDs is safe and effective for postoperative analgesia after THA/TKA.
Improving the feasibility of deprescribing proton pump inhibitors: GPs’ insights on barriers, facilitators, and strategies
Authors: Japelj Nuša , Knez Lea , Petek Davorina , Horvat Nejc 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe prevalent overprescribing of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) poses health risks from prolonged use. GPs play a key role in initiating deprescribing PPIs, so understanding their decision-making factors and strategies to improve feasibility is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of GPs on deprescribing PPIs with a focus on identifying facilitators, barriers, and strategies to enhance feasibility in clinical settings.MethodsA qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews was conducted with nine GPs or trainees. The thematic analysis of the interviews was conducted using NVivo R1 (2020).ResultsFour main categories were identified: 1) Inappropriate prescribing of PPIs, 2) Facilitators for deprescribing PPIs, 3) Barriers to deprescribing PPIs, 4) Feasibility of deprescribing PPIs. GPs acknowledged excessive and often inappropriate PPI prescribing, with a lack of deprescribing efforts mainly due to time constraints. Other key barriers included patient reluctance, fear of symptom recurrence, and unawareness of long-term risks. Patient-initiated request is key facilitator for deprescribing PPIs. GPs emphasized the need for collaboration with healthcare professionals, clear guidelines, improved digital support, increased physician availability, and raising awareness among providers and patients to enhance deprescribing feasibility.DiscussionGPs are calling for a multifaceted approach to improve the feasibility of deprescribing PPIs, involving patient-centered approaches, systemic optimizations, support from other healthcare professionals, and provider-centered strategies to emphasize the importance of deprescribing PPIs.
Optimal dose of vigorous physical activity on cardiorespiratory and perceptual response for sedentary youths using internal load monitoring
Authors: Yu Haohan , Gao Yue , Liang Jiaxin , Fan Yiming , Jiang Shan 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionVigorous physical activity (VPA) has been demonstrated to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in sedentary college students more effectively than other PA. However, differences in training volume may affect this outcome. This study examines the physiological, psychological, and internal training load (ITL) characteristics of VPA with varying volumes in a single session.MethodsThirty sedentary college students were divided into three groups: high-intensity interval training (HIIT), sprint interval training (SIT), and threshold training (THR). PA process was monitored. The study measured various cardiorespiratory parameters, including heart rate (HR), respiratory waveform and amplitude, respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (TV), minute ventilation volume (VE), fractional concentration of oxygen in end-tidal gas (O2%), fractional concentration of end-tidal carbon dioxide (CO2%), global oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide discharge (VCO2), and the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. The following physiological indicators were measured: carbon dioxide discharge (VCO2), Oxygen pulse (OP), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). Additionally, subjective perception indicators were recorded, including the feeling scale (FS), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and dual-mode model (DMM). The session-RPE (s-RPE) and Edward's TRIMP were used to measure ITL.ResultsThere were no significant differences in HR across the three conditions. THR had the highest level of TV (p = 0.043), but RR was significantly lower than that of HIIT and SIT (p &lt; 0.01). HIIT had the highest levels of VO2, VCO2, O2%, and OP (p &lt; 0.05). RPE was higher in HIIT and SIT compared to THR (p &lt; 0.01), but the difference in FS was not significant. The DMM time-domain trajectories were similar in HIIT and THR. The correlation between exercise intensity, RPE, and FS was highest in THR group (r = 0.453, r = −0.58, r = −0.885). ITL did not show a significant difference between three conditions, but TRIMP and s-RPE readings were opposite in magnitude.ConclusionThis study proposes that using an appropriate amount of THR to foster interest and adaptive strength during the PA habit establishment period, incorporating HIIT to enhance exercise efficiency during the adaptation period, and implementing SIT to reduce the monotony may effectively enhance the cardiorespiratory fitness of sedentary college students and establish PA habit.
Dynamics of alternative polyadenylation in single root cells of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Bi Xingyu , Zhu Sheng , Liu Fei , Wu Xiaohui 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionSingle-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) technologies have been widely used to reveal the diversity and complexity of cells, and pioneering studies on scRNA-seq in plants began to emerge since 2019. However, existing studies on plants utilized scRNA-seq focused only on the gene expression regulation. As an essential post-transcriptional mechanism for regulating gene expression, alternative polyadenylation (APA) generates diverse mRNA isoforms with distinct 3’ ends through the selective use of different polyadenylation sites in a gene. APA plays important roles in regulating multiple developmental processes in plants, such as flowering time and stress response.MethodsIn this study, we developed a pipeline to identify and integrate APA sites from different scRNA-seq data and analyze APA dynamics in single cells. First, high-confidence poly(A) sites in single root cells were identified and quantified. Second, three kinds of APA markers were identified for exploring APA dynamics in single cells, including differentially expressed poly(A) sites based on APA site expression, APA markers based on APA usages, and APA switching genes based on 3′ UTR (untranslated region) length change. Moreover, cell type annotations of single root cells were refined by integrating both the APA information and the gene expression profile.ResultsWe comprehensively compiled a single-cell APA atlas from five scRNA-seq studies, covering over 150,000 cells spanning four major tissue branches, twelve cell types, and three developmental stages. Moreover, we quantified the dynamic APA usages in single cells and identified APA markers across tissues and cell types. Further, we integrated complementary information of gene expression and APA profiles to annotate cell types and reveal subtle differences between cell types.DiscussionThis study reveals that APA provides an additional layer of information for determining cell identity and provides a landscape of APA dynamics during Arabidopsis root development.
Gambling on others’ health: risky pro-social decision-making in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Loued-Khenissi Leyla , Corradi-Dell’Acqua Corrado 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionIn the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals were asked to perform costly actions to reduce harm to strangers, even while the general population, including authorities and experts, grappled with the uncertainty surrounding thenovel virus. Many studies have examined health decision-making by experts, but the study of lay, non-expert, individual decision-making on a stranger’s health has been left to the wayside, as ordinary citizens are usually not tasked with such decisions.MethodsWe sought to capture a snapshot of this specific choice behavior by administering two surveys to the general population in the spring of 2020, when much of the global community was subject to COVID-19-related restrictions, as well as uncertainty surrounding the virus. We presented study participants with fictitious diseases varying in severity that threatened oneself, a loved one or a stranger. Participants were asked to choose between treatment options that could either provide a sure, but mild improvement (sure option) or cure the affected person at a given probability of success (risky option).ResultsRespondents preferred gambles overall, but risk-seeking decreased progressively with higher expected severity of disease. This pattern was observed regardless of the recipient’s identity. Distinctions between targets emerged however whendecisions were conditioned on a treatment’s monetary cost, with participants preferring cheaper options for strangers.DiscussionOverall, these findings provide a descriptive model of individual decision-making under risk for others; and inform on the limits of what can be asked of an individual in service to a stranger.