bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Luminescence Quenching and Enhancement by Adsorbed Metal Ions with Ruthenium Diimine Complexes Immobilized on Silica Polyamine Composites
Authors: Rosenberg Edward , Abbott Geoffrey , Ross J. B. Alexander , McVay Riley , Terwilliger Michelle 
Published: June 2016

SummaryLuminescent ruthenium diimine complexes have been covalently bound to the surface of a silica polyamine composite (SPC) using peptide coupling agents. The loading of the complexes using this route is quite low (∼0.01–0.04 mmol/g) leaving sufficient surface amines to coordinate added metal ions. When the composite particles containing the Ru complexes are exposed to solutions of Cu2+, Ni2+ or Zn2+, luminescence is quenched with efficiencies that follow concentration dependence and the relative binding affinities of the ions. When heavy metal ions such as mercury or lead are adsorbed onto the same surface, luminescence is enhanced by a factor of ∼3.5. When the complexes are exposed to these metals in solution, no quenching or enhancement is observed. Both phenomena were shown to be the result of adsorption of the cations onto the polyamine surface by using the Stern‐Volmer relationship. The mechanism of both quenching and enhancement is discussed and the options for further development of this novel metal sensing technique are presented.
Deformation of disentangled polypropylene crystalline grains into nanofibers
Authors: Krajenta Justyna , Pawlak Andrzej , Galeski Andrzej 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTIt was shown that a solid‐state deformation of polypropylene (PP) being in the form of partially disentangled powder is possible by blending with another molten polymer. During mixing of disentangled polypropylene powder with polystyrene at the temperature below melting of polypropylene crystals the shear forces deform powder grains into nanofibers. All disentangled powder particles larger than 0.7 µm underwent deformation into nanofibers having the mean thickness between 100 and 200 nm. Polypropylene nanofibers got entangled during blending and form a network within polystyrene matrix, reinforcing it. Network of entangled nanofibers can be further deformed with pronounced strain hardening and strength reaching 70 MPa at 135 °C. Blending resulted in generation of PP nanofibers and formation of PP nanofibers entangled network, thus formation of “all‐polymer nanocomposites” in one step compounding. The crucial feature for ultra‐deformation of PP grains by shearing during mixing is disentanglement of macromolecules. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 1983–1994
Perceptions of cancer treatment decision making among American Indians/Alaska Natives and their physicians
Authors: Morris Arden M. , Doorenbos Ardith Z. , Haozous Emily , Meins Alexa , Javid Sara , Flum David R. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveAmerican Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) patients are significantly less likely than non‐Hispanic whites to receive guideline‐concordant cancer care. Our objective was to examine cancer treatment decision making among AI/AN patients and their providers.MethodsFrom 2011 to 2014, AI/AN cancer patients and their surgeons were identified through a hospital registry in Washington State. Patients were invited to participate in a mailed survey that queried socio‐demographics, cultural affiliation, everyday perceived discrimination, and trust in providers. Both patients and surgeons were queried about decision‐making quality (collaboration and satisfaction). The primary outcome was association between patient and provider assessments of decision‐making quality. The secondary outcome was non‐adherence to treatment.ResultsForty‐nine patients (62% response rate) and 14 surgeons (37% response rate) returned surveys. Half of patients had not completed high school; 41% were living in poverty. Half of patients reported a strong tribal affiliation and most reported experiencing some form of discrimination. Patients endorsed high trust in surgeons and a high quality decision‐making process; and surgeons' rated decision‐making quality even more highly than patients did in every domain. Non‐adherence to treatment recommendations was common (26%) and was significantly associated with lower patient‐reported collaboration and satisfaction with decision making.ConclusionsGiven the importance of adherence to cancer treatment for survival, the many non‐clinical reasons for non‐adherence, and the currently demonstrated association between decision‐making quality and adherence, it would be worthwhile to investigate how to increase AI/AN patient satisfaction with decision making and whether improving satisfaction yields improved adherence to the cancer treatment plan. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Psycho‐Oncology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Spirituality, emotional distress, and post‐traumatic growth in breast cancer survivors and their partners: an actor–partner interdependence modeling approach
Authors: Gesselman Amanda N. , Bigatti Silvia M. , Garcia Justin R. , Coe Kathryn , Cella David , Champion Victoria L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe association between spirituality and emotional health has been well documented in healthy individuals. A small literature has shown that spirituality plays a role in well‐being for some breast cancer (BC) survivors; however, this link is virtually unexplored in partners/spouses of survivors. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between spirituality, emotional distress, and post‐traumatic growth for BC survivors and their partners using a dyadic analyses approach.MethodsA total of 498 couples who were 3–8 years post‐BC diagnosis were recruited from the Eastern Oncology Group database.ResultsFor BC survivors and their partners, greater levels of spirituality were associated with increases in their own post‐traumatic growth. There was no relation between BC and partner spirituality and their own emotional distress, but partner's spirituality was associated with reduced occurrence of intrusive thoughts in the BC survivor. In contrast, BC survivors' spirituality was found to be wholly unrelated to partner's mental health and adjustment.ConclusionsFollowing diagnosis and treatment, spirituality appears to associate with positive growth in BC survivors and their partners. However, BC survivor and partner spirituality seem to be ineffective at impacting the other's post‐traumatic growth or emotional distress, with the exception of intrusive thoughts. Dyadic analysis takes into account the reciprocal influence of close relationships on health and is an important and under‐utilized methodology in behavioral oncology research and clinical practice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Transnational Migration Strategies of Chinese and Indian Students in Australia
Authors: Tan George , Hugo Graeme 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCountries engaged in a race for highly skilled labour are prepared to modify immigration regulations to attract those migrants; however, despite abundant research regarding the mobility of the highly skilled, the mobility of international students and their subsequent migration patterns is not well understood. Using the transnational lens, this approach elucidates the practices and connections between multiples places in international student migration. This paper uses a study of Chinese and Indian students in Australia to shed light on the intricacies of their transnational migration strategies by investigating how their interactions with Australia's skilled migration programme not only results in permanent migration outcomes but also facilitate onward migration to other destinations. The configuration of Australia, and/or Adelaide at a finer spatial level, as gateways to preferred destinations illustrates how educational choices and immigration regimes intersect and impinge on the decision‐making process of Chinese and Indian students in Australia. By doing so, it not only unpacks the ‘difference’ usually associated with international education by emphasising on the importance of attractive immigration policies but also argues for the need to consider the lifetime mobility aspirations of international students and their mobility beyond the ‘stay‐return’ framework. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validity of the Original and Short Versions of the Dynamic Gait Index in Predicting Falls in Stroke Survivors
Authors: An Seung Heon , Jee Young Ju , Shin Hyeon Hui , Lee Gyu Chang 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
This study aimed to investigate the validity of the original version and short version of the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI-8 and DGI-4) in predicting falls in stroke survivors.

Design:
This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Method:
This study collected data for 57 chronic stroke survivors and evaluated the validity of the DGI-8 and DGI-4. To test functional ability, the Sit-to-Stand Test, gait subscale of the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment, the 10-m Walk Test, the Fugl-Meyer assessment, and the Trunk Impairment Scale were used.

Findings:
For the DGI-8, the cutoff value for the prediction of a fall was shown to be 16.5, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78. The cutoff value of the DGI-4 was shown to be 9.5, with an AUC of 0.77.

Conclusions:
The study results show that the DGI-8 and DGI-4 have discrimination in the prediction of fall in stroke survivors.

Clinical Relevance:
DGI-8 and DGI-4 can be useful for predicting falls of stroke patients, allowing better quality of care.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Substituted Sulfonamide Tetrazole Derivatives as Antitubercular Agents
Authors: Suresh Amaroju , Suresh Narva , Misra Sunil , Kumar Muthyala Murali Krishna , Sekhar Kondapalli Venkata Gowri Chandra 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe 1,2,4 triazole and tetrazole pharmacophore is still considered a viable lead structure for the synthesis of more efficacious and broad spectrum anti‐microbial agents. In this communication, a new class of highly potent anti‐tuberculosis agents are reported. Designed and synthesized a series of 18 compounds and evaluated them for their anti‐tubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. Among the compounds tested, five compounds exhibited moderate anti‐TB activity (MIC = 6.25 µg/mL); compounds 8a, 8d, 8i, 9b and 9f displayed good activity (Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) = 3.12 µg/mL), while compounds 8e, 8g, 8h, 9d and 9h exhibited excellent activity (MIC = 1.56 µg/mL) against the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Furthermore, they displayed no toxicity against CHO‐K1 cell lines at a concentration of 100 µM. These investigated analogues have emerged as potential leads to extend the scope of the anti‐tubercular research. Additionally, the most active compounds were docked to enzyme MTB CytP51 (2CIB.pdb) to understand ligand‐receptor binding interactions.
Achieving Both High Selectivity and Current Density for CO2 Reduction to Formate on Nanoporous Tin Foam Electrocatalysts
Authors: Du Dongwei , Lan Rong , Humphreys John , Sengodan Sivaprakash , Xie Kui , Wang Huanting , Tao Shanwen 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCurrently, low catalytic activity, selectivity and stability are the biggest challenges which restrict the large scale applications of CO2 electrochemical reduction. Formic acid, one of the highest value‐added products from electrochemical reduction of CO2, has gathered much interest. Here, we develop nanoporous tin foam catalysts which exhibit significantly high selectivity and faster production rate to formate. In a 0.1 M NaHCO3 solution, the maximum Faradaic efficiency for formate production can reach above 90 % with a current density over 23 mA cm−2, which are among the highest reported to date under ambient conditions. The improved production rate can be attributed to the high surface area and porous structure. Moreover, the electrocatalysts are quite stable, namely, the Faradaic efficiency remains unchanged during 16 hour electrolysis.
Solar street lighting: a key technology en route to sustainability
Authors: Ciriminna Rosaria , Meneguzzo Francesco , Albanese Lorenzo , Pagliaro Mario 
Published: June 2016

Today's solar street LED lights are able to provide reliable, quality lighting both in developing and developed countries, thereby reducing light poverty and the economic and environmental costs of electric outdoor lighting. Rapid technical innovation and dramatic price reduction in the LED, PV module, and battery components, which has occurred in the last 5 years, will accelerate the penetration of solar street LED lights across the world. Applications will not be limited to countries with significant insolation only but will extend to Northern regions as well. This study provides a critical overview of a technology that will play an important role en route to global sustainability. WIREs Energy Environ 2017, 6:e218. doi: 10.1002/wene.218This article is categorized under:

Photovoltaics > Systems and Infrastructure
Solar Heating and Cooling > Economics and Policy
Solar Heating and Cooling > Systems and Infrastructure
Cost–Benefit Analysis of the Implementation of an Enhanced Recovery Program in Liver Surgery
Authors: Joliat Gaëtan‐Romain , Labgaa Ismaïl , Hübner Martin , Blanc Catherine , Griesser Anne‐Claude , Schäfer Markus , Demartines Nicolas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs have been shown to ease the postoperative recovery and improve clinical outcomes for various surgery types. ERAS cost‐effectiveness was demonstrated for colorectal surgery but not for liver surgery. The present study aim was to analyze the implementation costs and benefits of a specific ERAS program in liver surgery.MethodsA dedicated ERAS protocol for liver surgery was implemented in our department in July 2013. The subsequent year all consecutive patients undergoing liver surgery were treated according to this protocol (ERAS group). They were compared in terms of real in‐hospital costs with a patient series before ERAS implementation (pre‐ERAS group). Mean costs per patient were compared with a bootstrap T test. A cost‐minimization analysis was performed.ResultsSeventy‐four ERAS patients were compared with 100 pre‐ERAS patients. There were no significant pre‐ and intraoperative differences between the two groups, except for the laparoscopy number (n = 18 ERAS, n = 9 pre‐ERAS, p = 0.010). Overall postoperative complications were observed in 36 (49 %) and 64 patients (64 %) in the ERAS and pre‐ERAS groups, respectively (p = 0.046). The median length of stay was significantly shorter for the ERAS group (8 vs. 10 days, p = 0.006). The total mean costs per patient were €38,726 and €42,356 for ERAS and pre‐ERAS (p = 0.467). The cost‐minimization analysis showed a total mean cost reduction of €3080 per patient after ERAS implementation.ConclusionsERAS implementation for liver surgery induced a non‐significant decrease in cost compared to standard care. Significant decreased complication rate and hospital stay were observed in the ERAS group.
The Impact of Deep Sternal Wound Infection on Mortality and Resource Utilization: A Population‐based Study
Authors: Sears Erika D. , Wu Lizi , Waljee Jennifer F. , Momoh Adeyiza O. , Zhong Lin , Chung Kevin C. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundRecent national infection control efforts have been directed at reducing postsurgical infection rates, related morbidity, and cost. We sought to evaluate population‐level rates of deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) after cardiac surgery, associated mortality, and resource use compared to patients undergoing cardiac surgery without postoperative DSWI relative to historical trends.MethodsWe analyzed the MarketScan® Commercial Claims Databases from 2009 to 2013 to identify adult patients who developed DSWI after open cardiac surgery. Patients with and without DSWI were compared. The outcomes of interest included 30‐day, 90‐day, and 1‐year in‐hospital mortality. Utilization outcomes, including total hospital days and inpatient costs, were calculated in the time period from the index cardiac surgery through 90 days after DSWI diagnosis.ResultsIn this cohort, 176,537 patients underwent one or more cardiac surgery procedures. DSWI occurred in 2835 (1.6 %) patients. One‐year mortality for patients with DSWI was 10.7 versus 2.5 % (P < 0.001) in patients without DSWI. Mean hospital days in patients with DSWI were 33 versus 9 days for patients without DSWI (P < 0.001). Mean cost for patients with DSWI was greater than 2.5 times that of patients without DSWI ($211,478 vs $82,089, P < 0.001).ConclusionsTreatment of DSWI results in substantial morbidity, mortality, and excess cost for treating facilities. The rates of DSWI have not decreased dramatically over the last 10–20 years. Thus, more attention needs to be focused toward understanding treatment variation that exists in patients diagnosed with DSWI.
Thioesterase domain swapping of a linear polyketide tautomycetin with a macrocyclic polyketide pikromycin in Streptomyces sp. CK4412
Authors: Tripathi Ashootosh , Choi Si-Sun , Sherman David H , Kim Eung-Soo 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Tautomycetin (TMC) is a linear polyketide metabolite produced by Streptomyces sp. CK4412 that has been reported to possess multiple biological functions including T cell-specific immunosuppressive and anticancer activities that occur through a mechanism of differential inhibition of protein phosphatases such as PP1, PP2A, and SHP2. We previously reported the characterization of the entire TMC biosynthetic gene cluster constituted by multifunctional type I polyketide synthase (PKS) assembly and suggested that the linear form of TMC could be generated via free acid chain termination by a narrow TMC thioesterase (TE) pocket. The modular nature of the assembly presents a unique opportunity to alter or interchange the native biosynthetic domains to produce targeted variants of TMC. Herein, we report swapping of the TMC TE domain sequence with the exact counterpart of the macrocyclic polyketide pikromycin (PIK) TE. PIK TE-swapped Streptomyces sp. CK4412 mutant produced not only TMC, but also a cyclized form of TMC, implying that the bioengineering based in vivo custom construct can be exploited to produce engineered macrolactones with new structural functionality.
Attitudes Toward Discussing Approved and Investigational Treatments for Cystic Fibrosis in Prenatal Genetic Counseling Practice
Authors: Elsas Caroline Rung , Schwind Elinor Langfelder , Hercher Laura , Smith Michael J. , Young Kara Gardner 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis project aimed to explore the attitudes of prenatal genetic counselors toward discussion of novel approved and experimental CF treatments in the prenatal setting, and to assess how knowledge of genotype‐specific, targeted treatments may influence their current practices. Targeted treatments have the potential to impact the health‐related quality of life of individuals affected with CF and therefore, knowledge of the availability of such treatments may influence the decision‐making process of parents who receive a fetal diagnosis of CF. Using the 2012 FDA approval and introduction of ivacaftor into CF clinical practice as a case study, a survey was designed to explore the opinions and practices of prenatal genetic counselors with regard to counseling for a prenatal diagnosis of CF, and how those practices might be impacted by the availability of a new genotype‐specific treatment. Approximately 800 genetic counselors were sent questionnaires in January of 2013. Respondents were provided information about this treatment and were asked to rate its perceived benefits, along with the likelihood that they would discuss potential benefits and limitations with parents receiving a prenatal diagnosis of CF. One‐hundred sixty‐nine prenatal genetic counselors (21.1 %) responded to the survey. Results indicated that 80 % of respondents ‘never heard of the drug’, or they were ‘not exactly sure’ what it was. After reading the materials provided, counselors felt the new treatment would have ‘some’ or a ‘significant’ impact on an affected individual's life. Their opinions varied on what information about this treatment they would choose to discuss with their patients; even if the treatment is currently FDA approved and clinically available for affected individuals with the genotype of the fetus. However, they would ‘definitely’ refer these patients to a specialist to discuss targeted treatments further. Most prenatal genetic counselors indicated there are certain scenarios in the prenatal setting which warrant a discussion of targeted treatments for CF, at least on some level. Counselor's views on sharing information about new treatment options are shaped by their familiarity with the treatment and their perception of its benefits and limitations, their comfort discussing these subjects, and their interpretation of the genetic counselor's role. Most genetic counselors had never heard of ivacaftor or Kalydeco™ prior to taking the survey. Therefore, counselors need to be better educated about the availability of CFTR mutation‐based treatments before they will be able to incorporate discussion of new treatment options into their counseling.
Developmental pathways linking childhood and adolescent internalizing, externalizing, academic competence, and adolescent depression
Authors: Weeks Murray , Ploubidis George B. , Cairney John , Wild T. Cameron , Naicker Kiyuri , Colman Ian 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis study examined longitudinal pathways through three domains of adaptation from ages 4–5 to 14–15 (internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and academic competence) towards depressive symptoms at age 16–17. Participants were 6425 Canadian children followed bi‐annually as part of the National Longitudinal Study of Children and Youth. Within‐domain (i.e., stability) effects were moderate in strength. We found longitudinal cross‐domain effects across one time point (i.e., one‐lag cascades) between internalizing and externalizing in early childhood (positive associations), and between academic competence and externalizing in later childhood and adolescence (negative associations). We also found cascade effects over multiple time points (i.e., multi‐lag cascades); lower academic competence at age 4–5 and greater internalizing at age 6–7 predicted greater age 12–13 externalizing, and greater age 6–7 externalizing predicted greater age 16–17 depression. Important pathways towards adolescent depression include a stability path through childhood and adolescent internalizing, as well as a number of potential paths involving all domains of adaptation, highlighting the multifactorial nature of adolescent depression.