bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey to analyze the need of genetic counseling among doctors in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Shaikh Afsah Asif , Imran Maryam , Azhar Aqsa , Hassan Syeda Laraib , Majeed Tanveer , Shah Tawaf Ali , Bin Jardan Yousef A. , Zulfiqar Ayesha , Azhar Muhammad Usama , Zulfiqar Shumaila 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPakistan with a population of approximately 200 million people faces a significant burden of genetic disorders. Higher preference for consanguinity (73%) is one of the significant reasons. Despite being a hub for rare genetic disorders, the country lacks professionally trained genetic counselors due to the absence of postgraduate degree programs or diplomas in genetic counseling. This shortage of specialized personnel results in inadequate and limited genetic counseling practices nationwide. This study aimed to highlight the urgent need for genetic counseling in Pakistan, focusing on the gaps within both society and the healthcare infrastructure. A survey‐based study involving n = 101 participants was conducted to assess the demand for genetic counseling among medical professionals in Lahore, Pakistan. The study targeted five categories of medical specialists—gynecologists, oncologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians, and ultrasonologists—working in both private and public healthcare settings in Lahore. The survey included a questionnaire covering demographic information, 10 general questions, and a case study with follow‐up questions. The survey was conducted both online and through in‐person visits. Our findings reveal a significant lack of awareness among healthcare providers, with 91.1% of respondents unaware of any genetic counseling services or genetic counselors in Lahore. The research underscores the crucial role of genetic counselors, with the vast majority (99%) of specialists expressing an urgent need for their presence in Pakistan's healthcare system. This study highlights that only qualified genetic counselors can effectively address genetic issues. Furthermore, it advocates for the introduction of specialized professional training programs to address this pressing need in the country.
Variability in treatment of postoperative pain in children with severe neurologic impairment
Authors: Keys Jordan , Markham Jessica L. , Hall Matthew , Goodwin Emily J. , Linebarger Jennifer , Bettenhausen Jessica L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveTreatment of postoperative pain for children with severe neurologic impairment (SNI) is challenging. We describe the type, number of classes, and duration of postoperative pain medications for procedures common among children with SNI, as well as the variability across children's hospitals in pain management with an emphasis on opioid prescribing.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included children with SNI ages 0–21 years old who underwent common procedures between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019 within 49 children's hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System. We defined SNI using previously described high‐intensity neurologic impairment diagnosis codes and identified six common procedures which included fracture treatment, tracheostomy, spinal fusion, ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement (VP shunt), colostomy, or heart valve repair. Medication classes included benzodiazepines, opioids, and other nonopioid pain medications. Acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs were excluded from analysis. All findings were summarized using bivariate statistics.ResultsA total of 7184 children with SNI underwent a procedure of interest. The median number of classes of pain medications administered varied by procedure (e.g., VP shunt: 0 (interquartile range [IQR] 0–1); tracheostomy: 3 (IQR 2–4)). Across all procedures, opioids and benzodiazepines were the most commonly prescribed pain medications (48.8% and 38.7%, respectively). We observed significant variability in the percentage of postoperative days with opioids across hospitals by procedure (all p < .001).ConclusionThere is substantial variability in the postoperative delivery of pain medications for children with SNI. A standardized approach may decrease the variability in postoperative pain control and enhance care for children with SNI.
Supply Chain Financing and Total Factor Productivity: Evidence From Listed Manufacturing Companies in China
Authors: Yang Linjing , Yuan Hao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study utilizes data related to the manufacturing stock market to explore the impact of supply chain finance on total factor productivity and its related mechanisms, with a view to providing reference for the healthy operation of enterprises and economic growth. Empirical results show that supply chain finance can effectively improve the total factor productivity of manufacturing enterprises and enhance their innovation capabilities and risk tolerance. At the same time, the level of information disclosure and the ‘Big Four’ audits have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between supply chain finance and total factor productivity.
Malnutrition‐related cardiomyopathy in a pediatric patient with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Speakman Alexandria , Kaul Ajay , Chin Clifford , Xanthakos Stavra , Mouzaki Marialena 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe present a case of a 5‐year‐old male patient with history of autism spectrum disorder and chronic malnutrition secondary to an extremely restrictive diet who presented with life‐threatening anemia and heart failure secondary to malnutrition‐related cardiomyopathy. This case highlights the importance of recognizing nutritional deficiencies in high‐risk individuals and screening for nutritional deficiencies in at‐risk children. Furthermore, it underscores the need for early recognition and intervention as malnutrition‐related cardiomyopathy can have significant morbidity.
Effect of glyceryl monopalmitate on the gelatinization, rheological and retrogradation properties of Japonica rice starch
Authors: Yang Yuexi , Liu Guoqiang , Xu Hongmei , Zhang Zihao , Tao Min , Gu Zhenyu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDStarch‐based food is easy to retrograde during cold storage after gelatinization, which leads to quality fission and a relatively short shelf life. Some lipids can effectively enhance the storage stability of starch gels by the formation of starch–lipid complexes. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of glyceryl monopalmitate (GMP) on gelatinization, rheological and retrogradation properties of Japonica rice starch (JS) at different conditions and to analyze the correlation between the physical‐chemical properties and structural characteristics of the JS–GMP complex.RESULTSThe addition of GMP to JS could retard the process of starch gelatinization through forming JS–GMP complexes. The resulting JS–GMP pastes were typical pseudoplastic fluids with shear thinning, and their solid‐like properties were prominent (tan δ < 1). In addition, the retrogradation of JS–GMP complex was more inhibited during storage at −18 than at 4 °C. The added amount of GMP was negatively and highly associated with the minimum viscosity, consistency coefficient, hardness and elasticity, whereas it was positively and highly correlated with the breakdown value, fluid characteristic index and relative crystallinity. The relative crystallinity of JS was affected by GMP in an approximate dose‐dependent manner.CONCLUSIONThe addition of GMP can influence the gelatinization properties, rheological properties and retrogradation characteristics of JS, and the formation of JS–GMP complex could improve the quality and storage stability of starch gel, which provides ideas for the quality control of starch‐based food. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ultralong Room Temperature Phosphorescence Emission From Gels Induced by Multiple Confinement Effects
Authors: Bo Changchang , Li Tingting , Jia Qinglong , Xu Wensheng , Chen Ligong , Li Yang , Yan Xilong , Wang Bowei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe construction of ultra‐long room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) gels has always been a serious challenge because the dispersing medium would significantly deteriorate their rigidity, resulting in triplet excitons consumption by non‐radiative transitions. In this paper, eutectogel with ultra‐long RTP emission is successfully constructed by rebuilding the damaged rigid system with solvent exchange. Specifically, the formation of cyclic borate via the B─O click reaction between 1,3,5‐tris(4‐phenylboronic acid)benzene (TPPB) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix is demonstrated to be favorable for RTP emission, with the resulting films possessing an afterglow duration of 26 s and a lifetime of up to 2.92 s. Based on this, deep eutectic solvents (DES)‐based RTP gel is successfully prepared by cyclic freezing‐thawing and solvent exchange of aqueous solution of TPPB functionalized PVA obtained by click reaction. The obtained gel exhibited an afterglow of up to 8 s and RTP lifetime of 902 ms under ambient conditions. Further analyses showed that the introduction of DES reconstructed interactions between polymer chains damaged by water and enhanced the rigidity of the system, thus promoting RTP emission.
Focusing Through Scattering Media Via 1D Speckle Signal Feedback
Authors: An Shanxuan , Zhao Wenjing , Zhai Aiping , Zhang Genwei , Wang Dong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLight propagation in complex media results in strong scattering. While wavefront shaping (WFS) enables the focusing of light at depth, its speed is mainly limited by the frame rate of the area‐array detectors. The photodetector has been used to achieve fast focusing, but it cannot record sufficient speckle information, limiting its applications in multi‐point focusing and non‐invasive focusing. Here, a method for invasively or non‐invasively focusing through scattering media is proposed by using 1D speckle signals as feedback for wavefront shaping. Experimentally, not only invasive multi‐point focusing can be realized, but also by maximizing the contrast of linear fluorescent 1D speckle signals, non‐invasive focusing can be achieved, suggesting the effectiveness of the proposed method. This approach can be generalized to the utilization of linear array detectors in WFS and may hold interesting prospects for rapid focusing light within deep biological tissues.
Encapsulated Void Resonators in Van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Sarbajna Avishek , Danielsen Dorte Rubæk , Casses Laura Nevenka , Stenger Nicolas , Bøggild Peter , Raza Søren 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConfining light in nanoscale air voids can enable new photonic applications by eliminating the requirement of low loss in traditional dielectric resonators. Van der Waals materials are uniquely suited for this purpose as they offer a tailored assembly of different materials and the ability to fully enclose air voids through transfer techniques. Here, highly lossy van der Waals materials are leveraged to demonstrate optical resonances that confine light in encapsulated air voids. Void resonances are theoretically designed in the visible spectrum and resonant modes supported by void arrays are identified. Experimentally, void arrays are fabricated in tungsten diselenide and the confined resonances are characterized using far‐field reflectance measurements and scanning near‐field optical microscopy. Using van der Waals heterostructure assembly, the voids are encapsulated with hexagonal boron nitride and tungsten diselenide, which substantially reduces the void volume causing a large spectral blue shift of the void resonance exceeding 150 nm. The work demonstrates a versatile optical platform for lossy materials, opening a new regime of material space for photonic devices.
Point‐of‐care breath sample analysis by semiconductor‐based E‐Nose technology discriminates non‐infected subjects from SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia patients: a multi‐analyst experiment
Authors: Woehrle Tobias , Pfeiffer Florian , Mandl Maximilian M. , Sobtzick Wolfgang , Heitzer Jörg , Krstova Alisa , Kamm Luzie , Feuerecker Matthias , Moser Dominique , Klein Matthias , Aulinger Benedikt , Dolch Michael , Boulesteix Anne‐Laure , Lanz Daniel , Choukér Alexander 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetal oxide sensor‐based electronic nose (E‐Nose) technology provides an easy to use method for breath analysis by detection of volatile organic compound (VOC)‐induced changes of electrical conductivity. Resulting signal patterns are then analyzed by machine learning (ML) algorithms. This study aimed to establish breath analysis by E‐Nose technology as a diagnostic tool for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pneumonia within a multi‐analyst experiment. Breath samples of 126 subjects with (n = 63) or without SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia (n = 63) were collected using the ReCIVA® Breath Sampler, enriched and stored on Tenax sorption tubes, and analyzed using an E‐Nose unit with 10 sensors. ML approaches were applied by three independent data analyst teams and included a wide range of classifiers, hyperparameters, training modes, and subsets of training data. Within the multi‐analyst experiment, all teams successfully classified individuals as infected or uninfected with an averaged area under the curve (AUC) larger than 90% and misclassification error lower than 19%, and identified the same sensor as most relevant to classification success. This new method using VOC enrichment and E‐Nose analysis combined with ML can yield results similar to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection and superior to point‐of‐care (POC) antigen testing. Reducing the sensor set to the most relevant sensor may prove interesting for developing targeted POC testing.
Partial reduction of interleukin‐33 signaling improves senescence and renal injury in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Chen Li , Gao Chao , Yin Xingzhu , Mo Li , Cheng Xueer , Chen Huimin , Jiang Chunjie , Wu Bangfu , Zhao Ying , Li Hongxia , Li Yanyan , Li Jiansha , Chen Liangkai , Deng Qianchun , Yao Ping , Tang Yuhan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a frequent and costly complication of diabetes with limited understandings of mechanisms and therapies. Emerging evidence points to the important roles of interleukin‐33 (IL‐33) in acute kidney injury, yet its contribution to DN is still unclear. We here found a ubiquitous increase of IL‐33 and its receptor (ST2) in murine models and patients with DN. Surprisingly, both IL‐33 and ST2 knockdown aggravated renal lesions in DN, while overexpression of IL‐33 also exacerbated the condition. Further population‐based analyses revealed a positive correlation of IL‐33 expression with renal dysfunction in DN patients. Individuals with high IL‐33 expression‐related polygenic risk score had a higher DN risk. These findings confirmed the harmful effects of IL‐33 on DN. Conversely, endogenous and exogenous partial reduction of IL‐33 signaling conferred renoprotective effects in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, IL‐33 induced senescence by regulating cell cycle factors in HK‐2 cells, and accordingly senescence led to renal cell damage through the secretion of senescence‐related secretory phenotype (SASP) including IL‐33 and prostaglandins. Together, elevated IL‐33 accelerates cellular senescence to drive DN possibly by SASP production, while a partial blockage improves renal injury and senescence. Our findings pinpoint a possible and new avenue for DN interventions.
Metabolic regulation of intestinal homeostasis: molecular and cellular mechanisms and diseases
Authors: Zhang Ruolan , Perekatt Ansu , Chen Lei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetabolism serves not only as the organism's energy source but also yields metabolites crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and overall health. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) maintain intestinal homeostasis through continuous self‐renewal and differentiation divisions. The intricate relationship between metabolic pathways and intestinal homeostasis underscores their crucial interplay. Metabolic pathways have been shown to directly regulate ISC self‐renewal and influence ISC fate decisions under homeostatic conditions, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Understanding the intricate involvement of various pathways in maintaining intestinal homeostasis holds promise for devising innovative strategies to address intestinal diseases. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of recent advances in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis. We describe the regulation of intestinal homeostasis from multiple perspectives, including the regulation of intestinal epithelial cells, the regulation of the tissue microenvironment, and the key role of nutrient metabolism. We highlight the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and ISC by nutrient metabolism. This review provides a multifaceted perspective on how intestinal homeostasis is regulated and provides ideas for intestinal diseases and repair of intestinal damage.
An Efficient and Robust Weak Galerkin Scheme for Solving the 2D/3D H(curl;Ω)‐Elliptic Interface Problems With High‐Order Elements
Authors: Dutta Mohapatra Achyuta Ranjan , Kumar Raman , Deka Bhupen 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we present a high‐order weak Galerkin finite element method (WG‐FEM) for solving the H(curl;)‐elliptic problems with interfaces in . As applied to curl–curl problems, the weak Galerkin method uses two operators: weak curl and discrete weak curl projected in a polynomial space of degree . Necessary stabilizations are enforced to ensure weak tangential continuity of approximation functions. Optimal convergence rates of order under ‐norm and order in a discrete ‐like norm are established on hybrid meshes. Numerical experiments verify the expected order of accuracy for both two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional examples. At the same time, this method is able to accommodate geometrically complicated interfaces and has low regularity requirements.
Social and ecological dimensions are needed to understand human‐wildlife conflict in subsistence farming context
Authors: Yeshey  , Keenan Rodney J. , Ford Rebecca M. , Nitschke Craig R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study explores the social, economic and environmental dimensions of human‐wildlife conflict (HWC) in four districts of Bhutan. Looking beyond the common unidimensional approach to the evaluation of HWCs, it documents the multifaceted nature of HWCs through a social‐ecological system (SES) lens.

We carried out a mixed method analysis of HWC based on 96 interviews consisting of qualitative and quantitative data and eight focus group discussions conducted in four districts representing four regions of Bhutan.

Our case study finding reveals that HWC scenarios are complex and there is spatial variation in both social and ecological factors that contribute to HWC. In some areas, ecological aspects such as the composition and behaviour of wildlife species exacerbate the conflict, while in other regions the co‐occurrence of wildlife and livestock in the same ‘wild’ landscape drives HWC.

The socio‐economic dimensions of HWC are largely driven by attitudes, tolerance, and behaviour of individuals underpinned by multiple factors. We propose that the SES approach improves our understanding of key social, economic and ecological factors, their interactions, and the feedback that either exacerbates or ameliorates HWC in contested landscapes.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Mini Review: Challenges and Promising Advances in Hydrogel‐Based Scaffolds for Breast Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Muniz Jéssica de Lima Dias Boaventura , da Silva Rocha Anne Caroline , de Menezes Lívia Rodrigues 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe loss of breast tissue is a problem that plagues many women. Total mastectomy procedures after breast cancer or extensive tissue loss by accident generate permanent aesthetic‐functional lesions that are correlated with the loss of breastfeeding capacity, loss of self‐esteem, anxiety, depression, reduced sexual attraction, hopelessness, and often, suicide. Although current clinical practices try to restore aesthetics, functional improvements are not readily resolved by these maneuvers. Those who undergo such procedures often end up with permanent aesthetic and functional injuries. The difficulty in regenerating breast tissue stems from its high structural complexity. In cases of extensive loss of breast tissue, the use of regeneration strategies becomes necessary for proper healing and tissue reconstruction. In this context, the use of regeneration scaffolds may open new possibilities for the regeneration of various body tissues, especially breast tissue, enabling the adequate healing of large injuries in different tissues. Hydrogels are examples of highly versatile materials for this application, given the range of methodologies for their preparation and composition components. The results of various studies indicate that the application of hydrogel‐based scaffolds for breast regeneration is highly promising. Among the materials and systems most applied for this purpose, biodegradable polymers stand out due to their high biocompatibility and the ability for spontaneous removal from the organism. In this sector, systems obtained through 3D printing also stand out due to the increased predictability of geometry and pore distribution. However, it is noteworthy that the evaluated regeneration systems are primarily focused on regenerating adipose tissue, with no specific systems for the epithelial regeneration of the breasts or the areas of glandular tissue. These areas represent sectors that still need further exploration.
Validation Study of the Claims‐Based Algorithm Using the International Classification of Diseases Codes to Identify Patients With Coronavirus Disease in Japan From 2020 to 2022: The VENUS Study
Authors: Chikamochi Taku , Ishiguro Chieko , Mimura Wataru , Maeda Megumi , Murata Fumiko , Fukuda Haruhisa 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeWe validated claims‐based algorithms using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD‐10) to identify patients with the first‐ever coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) onset between May 2020 and August 2022.MethodsThe study cohort was comprised of residents of one municipality enrolled in a public insurance program. This study used data provided by the municipality, including residents' insurer‐based medical claims data linked to the Health Center Real‐time Information‐Sharing System (HER‐SYS). The HER‐SYS data included positive results from COVID‐19 tests and were used as reference standards. Claims‐based algorithms #1 and #2 were U07.1, B34.2, with and without suspicious diagnoses, respectively. Claims‐based algorithms #3 and #4 were U07.1 with and without suspicious diagnoses, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each algorithm.ResultsThe study cohort included 165 038 residents, including 13 402 residents were the reference standard. For the entire period, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 55.7% (95% confidence interval: 54.8%–56.5%), 65.4% (65.2%–65.6%), 11.5% (11.3%–11.8%), and 98.9% (98.8%–99.0%) for Algorithm #1, and 67.0% (66.2%–67.8%), 88.1% (87.9%–88.3%), 31.6% (31.1%–32.2%), and 97.8% (97.7%–97.8%) for Algorithm #2, and 52.9% (52.0%–53.7%), 67.1% (66.9%–67.3%), 11.5% (11.2%–11.8%), and 98.3% (98.3%–98.4%) for Algorithm #3, 62.6% (61.8%–63.4%), 88.5% (88.3%–88.7%), 30.9% (30.3%–31.4%), and 97.3% (97.2%–97.4%) for Algorithm #4, respectively.ConclusionsOur study showed that the validity of claims‐based algorithms consisting of COVID‐19‐related ICD‐10 codes to identify patients with first‐onset COVID‐19 is limited.