bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The English Entries in Peter Simon Pallas’s Сравнительные Словари
Authors: Ó Fionnáin Mark 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the 1780s in Saint Petersburg there appeared a multilingual comparative dictionary, under the editorship of the German Peter Simon Pallas (1741–1811). Its title – ‘Comparative Vocabularies of All Languages and Dialects’ – illustrated its ambitious scope, and the first volume of this dictionary covered the languages of Europe, Asia and ‘the Islands of the Southern Ocean’. A second, promised, volume, containing the languages of Africa and the Americas, never appeared. For various reasons, this work, despite its vast linguistic content, has generally been discussed only briefly in the history of lexicography and linguistics in English, and the English entries themselves have not yet been presented in their entirety. The aim of this article is thus to correct this oversight, and to provide an overview of the history of the Vocabularies itself, as well as a list of the English entries as they appear in the work itself.
Postpartum thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin: a prospective cohort study on patients’ adherence, injection experience, and information retention after counselling by pharmacists
Authors: Kho Boon Phiaw , Ho Hui Ting , Tan Shi Ying , Chee Fei San , Kow Fen Ting , Ooi Silvia , Kan Ying Min 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This research aimed to determine postpartum females’ self-reported adherence to and experience with short-term thromboprophylaxis using enoxaparin injection, after counselling by pharmacists. It also sought to assess their knowledge of thromboprophylaxis, injection techniques, and confidence in self-injecting.

Methods
This prospective cohort study was conducted at a public tertiary hospital in Malaysia from March to June 2023. Self-injection-naïve postpartum females who were initiated on thromboprophylaxis and counselled by a pharmacist were conveniently sampled. Knowledge regarding thromboprophylaxis, injection readiness, and technique were assessed one day after the counselling session. A telephonic interview was conducted at the end of the 10-day therapy to determine adherence and adverse effects experienced.

Key findings
A total of 259 subjects were successfully followed up, with 87.6% (n = 227) adherent to the therapy. Nonadherence was predominantly due to forgetfulness; four had their treatment withheld due to bleeding. One-third of subjects experienced localised pain and bruising. Subjects answered a median of 5/7 knowledge questions and recalled a median of 8/10 injection steps correctly, with those who read the information leaflet provided after counselling scoring significantly higher (P = .02). The majority declared moderate confidence in their ability to self-inject. Subjects who intended to self-inject (P &lt; .01) and were more confident (P = .02) demonstrated better injection technique.

Conclusions
Postpartum females counselled by pharmacists largely adhered to short-term enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis. The impact of the counselling session may be enhanced by addressing their psychological readiness to self-inject, awareness of adverse effects identification, mitigation, and management, as well as setting reminders to prevent forgetfulness to inject.
The Prime Geodesic Theorem in Arithmetic Progressions
Authors: Chatzakos Dimitrios , Harcos Gergely , Kaneko Ikuya 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We address the prime geodesic theorem in arithmetic progressions and resolve conjectures of Golovchanskiĭ–Smotrov (1999). In particular, we prove that the traces of closed geodesics on the modular surface do not equidistribute in the reduced residue classes of a given modulus.
Evaluation of the Feasibility and Efficacy of Point-of-Care Antibody Tests for Biomarker-Guided Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Reilly Cavan , Mylonakis Eleftherios , Dewar Robin , Young Barnaby , Nordwall Jacqueline , Bhagani Sanjay , Chia Po-ying , Davis Ruby , Files Clark , Ginde Adit A , Hatlen Timothy , Helleberg Marie , Hayanga Awori , Jensen Tomas O , Jain Mamta K , Kalomenidis Ioannis , Kim Kami , Lallemand Perrine , Lindegaard Birgitte , Menon Anupama , Ognenovska Katherine , Poulakou Garyfallia , Thorup Røge Birgit , Rogers Angela J , Shaw-Saliba Katy , Sandkovsky Uriel , Trautner Barbara W , Vasudeva Shikha S , Vekstein Andrew , Viens Kimberley , Wyncoll James , DuChateau Brian , Zhang Zhenxing , Wu Shujiang , Babiker Abdel G , Davey Victoria , Gelijns Annetine , Higgs Elizabeth , Kan Virginia , Lundgren Jens , Matthews Gail V , Lane H Cliff 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Biomarker-guided therapy could improve management of inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although some results indicate that antibody tests are prognostic, little is known about patient management using point-of-care (POC) antibody tests.

Methods
COVID-19 inpatients were recruited to evaluate 2 POC tests: LumiraDx and RightSign. Ease of use data were collected. Blood was also collected for centralized testing using an established antibody assay (GenScript cPass). A nested case-control study assessed if POC tests conducted on stored specimens were predictive of time to sustained recovery, mortality, and a composite safety outcome.

Results
While both POC tests exhibited moderate agreement with the GenScript assay (both agreeing with 89% of antibody determinations), they were significantly different from the GenScript assay. Treating the GenScript assay as the gold standard, the LumiraDx assay had 99.5% sensitivity and 58.1% specificity whereas the RightSign assay had 89.5% sensitivity and 84.0% specificity. The LumiraDx assay frequently gave indeterminant results. Both tests were significantly associated with clinical outcomes.

Conclusions
Although both POC tests deviated moderately from the GenScript assay, they predicted outcomes of interest. The RightSign test was easier to use and was more likely to detect those lacking antibody compared to the LumiraDx test treating GenScript as the gold standard.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT05227404.
Changes in Genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Prevalence During 12 Years of Girls-Only Bivalent HPV Vaccination: Results From a Biennial Repeated Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kusters Johannes M A , Schim van der Loeff Maarten F , Heijne Janneke C M , King Audrey J , de Melker Hester E , Heijman Titia , Bogaards Johannes A , van Benthem Birgit H B ,   for the Papillomavirus Surveillance Among STI Clinic Youngsters in the Netherlands (PASSYON) Study Group, van der Meijden Helmie , Kampman Karlijn , Hoornenborg Elske , Bak Annet , Smit Marga , van Buel Harriette , Neienhuijsen Ferna , Ippel Marlot , Schriemer Dianne , Swart Inez , Twisk Denise 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Between 2009-2021, bivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was offered to girls in the Netherlands. We studied the impact of girls-only HPV vaccination on genital HPV prevalence among young adults.

Methods
PASSYON (2009-2021) is a study among sexual health clinic clients aged 16–24 years old. Questionnaires elicited data on demographics, sexual behavior, and HPV vaccination status. Genital samples were analyzed using a PCR–based assay (SPF10-LiPA25). Prevalence trends of 12 high-risk genotypes were assessed as adjusted average annual change (aAAC), estimated using Poisson generalized estimating equations models. The relation between aAAC and phylogenetic distance to HPV-16/18 was assessed by means of regression and rank correlation analysis. Data were collected from 8889 females and 3300 heterosexual males (HMs).

Results
Among females (irrespective of vaccination status), prevalences of HPV-16/18/31/33/35/45 decreased significantly over time. Increasing trends were observed for HPV-39/52/56. Among both HMs and unvaccinated females (54.3%), HPV-16/18 significantly declined, as did HPV-31 among HMs. Contrastingly, HPV-52/58 increased significantly among HMs and unvaccinated females. The type-specific aAAC correlated well with the phylogenetic distance to HPV-16/18.

Conclusions
During 12 years of girls-only bivalent HPV vaccination in the Netherlands, decreasing trends of the vaccine types and cross-protected types were observed among females. Herd protection of vaccine types was observed for HMs and unvaccinated females, and 1 cross-protected type for HMs. Increasing prevalence trends of HPV types with large phylogenetic distance to the vaccine types might indicate type replacement.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of daptomycin administered subcutaneously in healthy volunteers: a single-blinded randomized crossover trial
Authors: Maurille Charles , Baldolli Aurélie , Creveuil Christian , Parienti Jean-Jacques , Michon Jocelyn , Peyro-Saint-Paul Laure , Brucato Sylvie , Dargere Sylvie , Comets Emmanuelle , Verdier Marie-Clémence , Verdon Renaud 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Daptomycin stands as a key IV antibiotic in treating MRSA infections. However, patients facing challenges with difficult venous access require alternative administration routes. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile and safety of subcutaneous (SC) daptomycin.

Patients and methods
In a two-period, two-treatment, single-blind crossover Phase I trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04434300), participants with no medical history received daptomycin (10 mg/kg) both IV and SC in a random order, with a minimum 2 week washout period together with matched placebo (NaCl 0.9%). Blood samples collected over 24 h facilitated PK comparison. Monte Carlo simulations assessed the PTA for various dosing regimens. Adverse events were graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(CTCAE) v5.0.

Results
Twelve participants (aged 30.9 ± 24.4 years; 9 male,75%) were included. SC daptomycin exhibited delayed (median Tmax 0.5 h for IV versus 4 h for SC) and lower peak concentration than IV (Cmax = 132.2 ± 16.0 μg/mL for IV versus 57.3 ± 8.6 μg/mL for SC; P &lt; 0.001). SC AUC0–24 (937.3 ± 102.5 μg·h/mL) was significantly lower (P = 0.005) than IV AUC0–24 (1056.3 ± 123.5 μg·h/mL) but was deemed bioequivalent. PTA demonstrated target AUC0–24 attainment for 100% of simulated individuals, for both 8 and 10 mg/kg/24 h SC regimens. Adverse events (AEs) related to SC daptomycin were more frequent than for SC placebo (25 versus 13, P = 0.016). No serious AEs were reported.

Conclusions
Single-dose SC daptomycin infusion proved to be safe, exhibiting a bioequivalent AUC0–24 compared with the IV route. The SC route emerges as a potential and effective alternative when IV administration is not possible.
Phage susceptibility testing methods or ‘phagograms’: where do we stand and where should we go?
Authors: Kolenda Camille , Jourdan Julie , Roussel-Gaillard Tiphaine , Medina Mathieu , Laurent Frédéric 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Phage therapy is a highly promising approach to address the challenge that is presented by the global burden of antimicrobial resistance. Given the natural specificity of phages, phage susceptibility testing (PST) is a prerequisite for successful personalized therapy, allowing the selection of active phages from large and diverse collections. However, the issue of an easy-to-use and standardized technique remains. In this review, we describe the principles, advantages and drawbacks of two routinely used PST techniques: plaque and growth kinetic assays. These are labour-intensive and time-consuming methods that require automation of one or more steps, including preparation of test panels, incubation, reading and analysis of results. In addition to automation, there is an urgent need to establish a reference method to enable efficient of PST techniques selection of therapeutic phages. We discuss knowledge gaps and parameters that need to be investigated to work towards this goal.
270 Prenatal stress programming: Impact on dam and offspring immune phenotype and performance
Authors: Hernandez Lily P , Main Alexis R H , Salak-Johnson Janeen L 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Maternal stress during critical periods of fetal development is linked to the modified expression of several physiological processes. Despite attempts to minimize chronic stress and enhance sow well-being, some animals still experience stress, which can have short and long-term effects on future progeny. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of maternal stress on the immune phenotype and performance of pregnant gilts who had experienced pre- and post-natal stress and whether their offspring were affected. A total of 11 primiparous females (201.32 ± 17.18 kg at farrowing) clustered into treatment groups based on the treatment of their dams were used in this study. Their dams had been randomly allotted to receive either a placebo (CON) or Hydrocortisone Acetate capsules twice per day for 21 d during either mid (MID; d 51 to 72) or late (LATE; d 81 to 102) gestation. Prenatally stressed dams were sampled on gestational d 45, 60, 75, and 105 to determine descriptive and functional immune analysis. Productivity measures were assessed, including farrowing duration and the interval between piglets. Blood samples were taken from a subset of piglets born to these dams on d 7, 14, and 21 of lactation and then 24 h, 7, and 14 d post-wean. Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS with repeated measures. Numbers of lymphocytes were elevated in gilts from LATE-treated dams compared with those from MID or CON dams for the entire study period (P &lt; 0.05). All other descriptive immune measures, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, were not different between groups during the gestational period. Mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation did not differ across treatments for prenatally stressed dams. No maternal treatment effects for any litter traits, farrowing duration, or interval between each piglet, but there was a tendency (P &lt; 0.10) for piglets born to MID-stressed dams to be heavier than those born to CON dams. Total lymphocyte numbers were least in the progeny of MID-treated dams compared with piglets from LATE and CON dams for the entire lactation period. Over time, progeny from LATE-treated gilts had a more stimulated B-cell proliferation index during lactation (P &lt; 0.05). Conversely, Concanavalin-A-induced lymphocyte proliferation tended to be least in offspring from MID-treated dams compared with CON. They also tended to have less percentage and numbers of lymphocytes than offspring from LATE and CON dams for the entire post-wean period. The offspring from MID-treated dams also had the greatest (P &lt; 0.05) neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for the entire period. While prenatal stress had minimal impact on the immune expression of the dam, its influence was evident in their progeny, particularly with MID. Results indicate that the programming effects may only be apparent in later generations. The study also suggests that mid-gestation is a more sensitive period for maternal stress in fetal development.
424 Examining the effect of genetics between Bos taurus and Bos Indicus influenced cattle on production performance, carcass characteristics, and feeding behavior
Authors: Okamoto Lillian , Stegemiller Morgan R , Reichhardt Caleb C , Alberto Anthony F , Bayles Sarah A , Roholt Bryce W , Murdoch Brenda M , Thornton-Kurth Kara J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Cattle production within the US has and will continue to be negatively impacted by climate change. With the amount of natural resources and arable land decreasing every day, it is imperative to improve cattle production efficiency to meet the needs of the rapidly growing global population. Increasing the percentage of Bos indicus (BI) genetics within the US beef herd is one potential method of doing so, as BI cattle are better adapted to nutritional stress and increment weather when compared with Bos taurus (BT) cattle. Despite these positive attributes, BI cattle often have a more excitable temperament, exhibit decreased production performance, and have compromised carcass quality when compared with BT cattle. The objective of this study was to examine how breed type and genetic differences between BT and BT-BI crossbred cattle contribute to production performance, feeding behavior, and carcass quality in a temperate climate setting. This study utilized a total of 88 steers of two different breed types, Angus (AN; 100% BT) and Santa Gertrudis influenced (SG; 19% BI, 81% BT), and took place over 2 yr in 2020 (n = 23 AN and n = 9 SG) and 2021 (n = 35 AN and n = 21 SG). All steers were fed a typical feedlot ration, were housed in pens equipped with Vytelle units, and were harvested at a commercial facility once industry backfat standards were achieved. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Mixed Procedure of SAS with Tukey-Kramer adjustments. Production-related traits including dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency (G:F) were not affected (P &gt; 0.10) by breed type. Intramuscular fat was increased (P = 0.0003) in AN steers; however, other carcass traits including ribeye fat thickness, hot carcass weight (HCW), cold camera ribeye size, and cold camera yield grade were unaffected (P &gt; 0.10) by breed type. Feeding behavior traits including the number and duration of bunk visits (BV) and feed bouts (FB) did not differ (P &gt; 0.10) between breeds, but SG steers did spend more time with their heads down during such BV (P = 0.0047) and FB (P = 0.0078), respectively. To better examine the genomic differences between the two beef breeds, a Bovine GGP 100k assay was completed commercially and data were analyzed using models in SNP and Variation Suite. Following FDR corrections, SNPs with differences in allelic combinations that contributed to statistical significance were observed in ADG, DMI, HCW, marbling scores, and duration of BV and FB where the steers had their heads down. Potential breed effects were observed in marbling scores, cold camera yield grade, and cold camera ribeye size, however, due to the limited number of steers, additional research utilizing a larger population is warranted to validate such findings.
422 The use of 3D kinematics for improved gait assessment in broilers
Authors: Bench Clover , Lowen Emily , Desrosiers Nicole , Korver Doug 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Genetic selection for high growth rates in broiler chickens has resulted in larger broilers and changes in broiler gait. Traditionally, broiler gait is assessed using visual observation which is subjective and labor intensive. In contrast, newer technologies are available which can be adapted to objectively score changes in broiler gait, thereby, increasing the validity and reliability of gait scoring with less labor required. The objective of this study was to compare the use of 3D kinematics versus visual scoring to assess broiler gait. Second, to determine how strain and age affect 3D kinematic gait metrics in broilers. Four strains of broiler chickens were used; two heritage strains: 1957 (H57; n = 52) and 1977 (H77; n = 51); and two commercially available strains: Cobb (n = 50) and Ross (n = 53). All broilers were weighed weekly throughout the study. Kinematic markers were placed along the spine and bony landmarks of each leg. Commercial strains had kinematic recordings and body weights (BW) recorded every week for 4 wk while Heritage strains had measurements recorded every week for 6 wk. Visual gait scoring was completed using a 5-point scale each week by two trained observers. Data were analyzed using the correlation procedure in SAS to determine the relationship between visual gait score and kinematic metrics as well as the GLIMMIX procedure to determine the effects of strain, age, and strain x age on all gait parameters. There was a weak positive correlation (r &lt; 0.2) between visual gait score and all kinematic metrics. Cobb were the heaviest strain (1,292.6 ± 14.71 g P &lt; 0.001) while H57 broilers were the lightest (326.4 ± 9.99 g P &lt; 0.001). Each week, the BW of all strains increased significantly. Total Stride Time differed significantly by strain (P &lt; 0.001; Cobb: 26.3 ± 0.47 cs, Ross: 23.1 ± 0.39 cs, H77: 23.7 ± 0.28 cs, H57: 21.5 ± 0.26 cs) and Age (P &lt; 0.01; Commercial: wk 3: 21.8 ± 0.54 cs, wk 6: 28.1 ± 0.68 cs and Heritage: wk 3: 19.7 ± 0.42 cs, wk 8: 25.4 ± 0.52 cs). Total stride length (SL) also significantly differed by strain. Cobb had the longest SL of the two commercial strains (P &lt; 0.001; 88.6 ± 1.94 mm) while H77 had the longest stride of the heritage strains (97.9 ± 1.51 mm). Total SL also increased with age resulting in longer stride times. Heavier birds, such as Cobb, had longer stride Times and SL compared with lighter birds such as the H57 strain. In conclusion, visual gait score and kinematic metrics were not found to be measuring the same things. However, kinematics can be a used as an informative and objective tool for assessing gait metrics associated with broiler lameness such as changes in stride length and stride time.
142 Programming effects of early-life exposure to heat stress in cattle
Authors: Laporta Jimena 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
As the Earth’s temperature continues to increase, the livestock industry faces a growing challenge related to heat stress. Heat stress significantly impacts the global dairy and beef industries, affecting milk and meat production, reproductive health, and the general welfare of animals. This presentation will showcase how early-life exposure to heat stress in cattle, specifically during the prenatal (in utero) and postnatal (pre-weaning) phases of the life of a calf, can program them for a lifetime. Our studies have aimed to understand the physiological and behavioral changes that early-life heat stress induces and the molecular mechanisms underlying long-term programming effects on growth, survival, and lifetime performance. Using a multifaceted approach, we have investigated the transcriptomic, epigenetic, and metabolic responses of calves exposed to heat stress or provided with heat abatement during critical developmental periods. Our studies shed light on how early-life exposure to heat stress alters the developmental trajectory of cattle, potentially influencing their resilience to future environmental challenges and overall productivity. Strategies for mitigating heat stress in beef cow-calf pairs and pregnant dairy cows (e.g., pasture artificial shade and evaporative cooling, respectively) will be discussed. These research insights will aid in developing targeted management strategies and breeding programs to reduce the adverse programming effects of heat stress in cattle, ensuring the sustainability and resilience of livestock production systems in the face of climate change.