bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying Electronic Medical Records in health care
Authors: Abdekhoda Mohammadhiwa , Dehnad Afsaneh , Noruzi Alireza , Gohari Mahmodreza , Ahmadi Maryam 
Published: May 2016

SummaryIn order to fulfill comprehensive interoperability and recognize the electronic medical records (EMRs’) benefits, physicians’ attitudes toward using and applying EMR must be recognized.The purpose of this study was to present an integrated model of applying EMRs by physicians.This was a cross sectional study in which a sample of 330 physicians working in hospitals affiliated to the Tehran University of medical sciences (TUMS) was selected. Physicians’ attitudes toward using and accepting EMR in health care have been analyzed by an integrated model of two classical theories i.e. technology acceptance model (TAM) and diffusion of innovation (DOI). The model was tested using an empirical survey. The final model was tested by structural equation modeling (SEM) and represented by Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS).The results suggest that the hybrid model explains about 43 percent of the variance of using and accepting of EMRs (R2=0.43). The findings also evidenced that Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Relative Advantage, Compatibility, Complicatedness and Trainability have direct and significant effect on physicians’ attitudes toward using and accepting EMRs. But concerning observeability, significant path coefficient was not reported.The integrated model supplies purposeful intuition for elucidates and anticipates of physicians’ behaviors in EMRs adoption. The study identified six relevant factors that affect using and applying EMRs that should be subsequently the major concern of health organizations and health policy makers.Citation: Abdekhoda M, Ahmadi M, Dehnad A, Noruzi A, Gohari M. Applying electronic medical records in health care: Physicians’ perspective.
La entrevista como herramienta para la evaluación de las competencias genéricas: formación y construcción de un consenso sobre evidencias.
Authors: Poblete Ruiz Manuel , Fernández Nogueira Donna , Campo Carrasco Lucía , Nöel López Marcelo 
Published: May 2016

La actual realidad educativa en la Educación Superior está caracterizada por la implementación del proceso de convergencia europeo. Un factor clave es el protagonismo del estudiante en el modelo de aprendizaje basado en competencias, donde el proceso de evaluación es un factor importante a desarrollar. En el presente estudio, cinco profesores de la Universidad de Deusto diseñaron una entrevista como herramienta de evaluación de cuatro competencias genéricas. La entrevista se aplicó a 21 estudiantes de un curso de emprendizaje social. Para la evaluación, se definieron lo que se considerarían evidencias de desempeño en las respuestas. Por último, se validaron los resultados aplicando el coeficiente de similitud de Gower. Los resultados sugieren una alta similitud en la evaluación de evidencias entre los cinco docentes, lo cual aporta fiabilidad a la medición. Se puede concluir que, existiendo un consenso en los criterios de evaluación entre docentes, se puede mejorar la fiabilidad de las evaluaciones a los estudiantes, así como se aporta una herramienta para su evaluación.
Relación entre la edad del profesorado de música andaluz y el desarrollo de la Escuela TIC 2.0
Authors: Martos Sánchez Emilia , Pérez-García Purificación , Bernal Vázquez Julia 
Published: May 2016

El objetivo de este artículo era conocer si la edad se asociaba al desarrollo del programa andaluz Escuela TIC 2.0. en los profesores andaluces de Música de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO). Para esta investigación, la muestra estuvo compuesta por 207 docentes de música de la ESO, quienes cumplimentaron un cuestionario sobre los diferentes aspectos que conllevaba dicho programa en conexión con su área, tales como la formación en TIC, las tecnologías en el aula, la actitud hacia las TIC y las competencias, los recursos digitales, o la vinculación entre las familias y la Escuela TIC. Dicho cuestionario, fue sometido tanto a la validación estadística por componentes principales como a la validación de jueces y a procedimientos de fiabilidad mediante el alpha de Cronbach y las dos mitades. Se aplicó un análisis de contingencias y los resultados mostraron que el profesorado entre 25 y 35 años usaba otras webs en el aula, integraba las TIC porque creía que aumentaban la calidad del aprendizaje y conocían más el correo electrónico. El profesorado de 35 a 44 años manifestó más aceptación por el proyector mientras que el mayor de 55 años, aunque tenía formación en tecnología, prefería la metodología tradicional. El estudio reveló que, efectivamente, la edad del profesorado de música andaluz de la ESO estaba relacionada con la determinación de incorporar las TIC y el desarrollo de la Escuela TIC 2.0
Phosphorus Biofertilizers from Ash and Bones—Agronomic Evaluation of Functional Properties
Authors: Jastrzebska Magdalena , Kostrzewska Marta K. , Treder Kinga , Jastrzebski Wieslaw P. , Makowski Przemyslaw 
Published: May 2016

<p>Renewable raw materials could be a valuable source of phosphorus for plants. The bioavailability of this element can be enhanced by phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria. Suspension biofertilizers have been produced from sewage sludge ash and animal bones and enriched with the bacteria <em>Bacillus megaterium</em>. The functional properties of these preparations were compared in field experiments (northeast Poland, 2014, four replications) on spring wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> ssp. <em>vulgare</em> Mac Key) to conventional fertilizers (superphosphate, phosphorite), ash-water solution (without microorganisms) and a control treatment without P fertilization. The soil type and cultivation regime were adjusted to the requirements of spring wheat in line with good agricultural practice. The effects of biofertilizers on the following were investigated: wheat yield, ear density, number of grains in the ear, the weight of 1000 grains, harvest index, weed infestation, the weight and structure of crop residues, and the pH of soil. Phosphorus biofertilizers from ash and bones equalled commercial fertilizers in terms of their crop-enhancing efficiency. Biofertilizer from ash, and ash diluted with water reduced weed infestation of the growing crop. Biofertilizer from bones resulted in a greater weight of wheat crop residues. Biofertilizers did not change the pH of soil. It is expected that the production of biofertilizers containing recycled phosphorus will be an alternative to its non-renewable resources and will also contribute to effective waste management.</p>
Estimating the impact of universal antiretroviral therapy for HIV serodiscordant couples through home HIV testing: insights from mathematical models
Authors: Roberts Sarah T , Khanna Aditya S , Barnabas Ruanne V , Goodreau Steven M , Baeten Jared M , Celum Connie , Cassels Susan 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAntiretroviral therapy (ART) prevents HIV transmission within HIV serodiscordant couples (SDCs), but slow implementation and low uptake has limited its impact on population‐level HIV incidence. Home HIV testing and counselling (HTC) campaigns could increase ART uptake among SDCs by incorporating couples’ testing and ART referral. We estimated the reduction in adult HIV incidence achieved by incorporating universal ART for SDCs into home HTC campaigns in KwaZulu‐Natal (KZN), South Africa, and southwestern (SW) Uganda.MethodsWe constructed dynamic, stochastic, agent‐based network models for each region. We compared adult HIV incidence after 10 years under three scenarios: (1) “Current Practice,” (2) “Home HTC” with linkage to ART for eligible persons (CD4 <350) and (3) “ART for SDCs” regardless of CD4, delivered alongside home HTC.ResultsART for SDCs reduced HIV incidence by 38% versus Home HTC: from 1.12 (95% CI: 0.98–1.26) to 0.68 (0.54–0.82) cases per 100 person‐years (py) in KZN, and from 0.56 (0.50–0.62) to 0.35 (0.30–0.39) cases per 100 py in SW Uganda. A quarter of incident HIV infections were averted over 10 years, and the proportion of virally suppressed HIV‐positive persons increased approximately 15%.ConclusionsUsing home HTC to identify SDCs and deliver universal ART could avert substantially more new HIV infections than home HTC alone, with a smaller number needed to treat to prevent new HIV infections. Scale‐up of home HTC will not diminish the effectiveness of targeting SDCs for treatment. Increasing rates of couples’ testing, disclosure, and linkage to care is an efficient way to increase the impact of home HTC interventions on HIV incidence.
Complementary resistive switching behavior for conductive bridge random access memory
Authors: Zheng Hao-Xuan , Chang Ting-Chang , Chang Kuan-Chang , Tsai Tsung-Ming , Shih Chih-Cheng , Zhang Rui , Chen Kai-Huang , Wang Ming-Hui , Zheng Jin-Cheng , Lo Ikai , Wu Cheng-Hsien , Tseng Yi-Ting , Sze Simon M. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In this study, a structure of Pt/Cu18Si12O70/TiN has been investigated. By co-sputtering the Cu and SiO2 targets in the switching layer, we can measure the operation mechanism of complementary resistive switching (CRS). This differs from conventional conductive bridge random access memory (CBRAM) that tends to use Cu electrodes rather than Cu18Si12O70. By changing the voltage and compliance current, we can control device operating characteristics. Because Cu distributes differently in the device depending on this setting, the operating end can be located at either the top or bottom electrode. Device current–voltage (I–V) curves are used to demonstrate that the CRS in the CBRAM device is a double-electrode operation.
Self-formation of microporous polysulfone hollow fiber using a single nozzle spinneret and reduction of phase-inversion speed
Authors: Kim Hyung Jin , Jang Chang Sik , Kim Byeong Hee , Seo Young Ho 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This study proposed a simple fabrication technique for microporous hollow fibers whose inner channel was naturally formed because of a slow phase inversion speed. Conventionally, microporous hollow fibers have been fabricated by extruding a polymer solution through the outer nozzle and a bore liquid through the inner nozzle of a dual nozzle spinneret. Injecting a bore liquid played a key role for the formation of a hollow structure. In this study, the self-formation of a hollow structure of microporous fiber was developed using a single nozzle spinneret without a bore liquid. A sharp tip single nozzle spinneret of 200 µm in diameter was fabricated by the wetting effect of a liquid pre-polymer of polydimethylsiloxane, and polysulfone solution was extruded through the prepared single nozzle spinneret. The temperature of the coagulant bath was controlled in order to reduce the speed of phase change, because the phase-change speed depended on the temperature of the coagulant solution. An inner channel in the microporous fiber was successfully fabricated by reducing the phase-change speed and by increasing the solidification speed. The inner diameter of the microporous hollow fiber was decreased as the temperature of the coagulant bath was increased, and eventually the inner channel was not formed at the higher bath temperature rather than 25 °C.
Influence of gallium ion beam acceleration voltage on the bend angle of amorphous silicon cantilevers
Authors: Kozeki Takahiro , Phan Hoang-Phuong , Dao Dzung Viet , Inoue Shozo , Namazu Takahiro 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This paper describes a plastic reshaping technique for Si thin membranes by using focused ion beam (FIB) processing. FIB is used to locally pattern and implant Ga ions into the membranes. The combination of Ga ion doping and alkali wet etching enables us to fabricate nanometer-thick Ga-ion-doped amorphous Si membranes, which can be bent upward at arbitrary angle by controlling the FIB beam irradiation condition. The bending mechanism is discussed in the light of Ga ions implanted depth from the membrane surface. By using this technique, a micrometer-sized chute structure with several different angles is produced.
Thermoreflectance-based in-depth stress distribution measurement technique for single-crystal silicon structures
Authors: Miyake Shugo , Kato Takaaki , Taguchi Hideyuki , Namazu Takahiro 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we suggest a new stress measurement technique based on the thermoreflectance method for the estimation of the in-depth stress distribution of fabricated silicon devices. Changing the modulated intensity of a heating laser beam of the frequency-domain thermoreflectance method (FD-TRM) can vary the estimation depth optionally. We developed a measurement system on the basis of the FD-TRM and demonstrated in-depth stress measurement for a single-crystal silicon (SCS) sample. The result measured at a modulation frequency of 3 MHz showed the phase distribution of the TR signal corresponding to the stress distribution determined by 632-nm-excited Raman spectroscopy. In addition, it was found that the phase distribution changed depending on the modulation frequency. The FD-TRM can be a powerful technique for estimating the in-depth stress distribution of silicon materials.
Quantifying atmospheric methane emissions from oil and natural gas production in the Bakken shale region of North Dakota
Authors: Peischl J. , Karion A. , Sweeney C. , Kort E. A. , Smith M. L. , Brandt A. R. , Yeskoo T. , Aikin K. C. , Conley S. A. , Gvakharia A. , Trainer M. , Wolter S. , Ryerson T. B. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe present in situ airborne measurements of methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6) taken aboard a NOAA DHC‐6 Twin Otter research aircraft in May 2014 over the Williston Basin in northwestern North Dakota, a region of rapidly growing oil and natural gas production. The Williston Basin is best known for the Bakken shale formation, from which a significant increase in oil and gas extraction has occurred since 2009. We derive a CH4 emission rate from this region using airborne data by calculating the CH4 enhancement flux through the planetary boundary layer downwind of the region. We calculate CH4 emissions of (36 ± 13), (27 ± 13), (27 ± 12), (27 ± 12), and (25 ± 10) × 103 kg/h from five transects on 3 days in May 2014 downwind of the Bakken shale region of North Dakota. The average emission, (28 ± 5) × 103 kg/h, extrapolates to 0.25 ± 0.05 Tg/yr, which is significantly lower than a previous estimate of CH4 emissions from northwestern North Dakota and southeastern Saskatchewan using satellite remote sensing data. We attribute the majority of CH4 emissions in the region to oil and gas operations in the Bakken based on the similarity between atmospheric C2H6 to CH4 enhancement ratios and the composition of raw natural gas withdrawn from the region.
Black carbon mixing state impacts on cloud microphysical properties: Effects of aerosol plume and environmental conditions
Authors: Ching J. , Riemer N. , West M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBlack carbon (BC) is usually mixed with other aerosol species within individual aerosol particles. This mixture, along with the particles' size and morphology, determines the particles' optical and cloud condensation nuclei properties, and hence black carbon's climate impacts. In this study, the particle‐resolved aerosol model PartMC‐MOSAIC (Particle Monte Carlo‐Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry) was used to quantify the importance of black carbon mixing state for predicting cloud microphysical quantities. Based on a set of about 100 cloud parcel simulations a process‐level analysis framework was developed to attribute the response in cloud microphysical properties to changes in the underlying aerosol population (“plume effect”) and the cloud parcel cooling rate (“parcel effect”). In most of the simulations the plume and parcel effects had opposite signs, with the plume effect dominating. The response of cloud droplet number concentration to changes in BC emissions depended on the BC mixing state. When the aerosol population contained mainly aged BC, an increase in BC emission increased cloud droplet number concentrations (“additive effect”). In contrast, when the aerosol population contained mainly fresh BC particles, they act as sinks for condensable gaseous species, resulting in decreasing cloud droplet number concentration as BC emissions were increased (“competition effect”). Additionally, we quantified the error in cloud microphysical quantities when neglecting the information on BC mixing state. The errors ranged from −12% to +45% for the cloud droplet number fraction, from 0% to +1022% for the nucleation‐scavenged BC mass fraction, from −12% to +4% for the effective radius, and from −30% to +60% for the relative dispersion.
Facial Wipes don't Wash: Facial Image Comparison by Video Superimposition Reduces the Accuracy of Face Matching Decisions
Authors: Strathie Ailsa , McNeill Allan 
Published: May 2016

SummaryIn cases of disputed CCTV identification, expert testimony based on the results of analysis by facial image comparison may be presented to the Jury. However, many of the techniques lack empirical data to support their use. Using a within‐participants design, we compared the accuracy of face‐matching decisions when images were presented using a ‘facial wipe’ technique (where one image is superimposed on another and the display gradually ‘wipes’ between the two) with decisions based on static images. Experiment 1 used high‐quality image pairs; Experiment 2 used disguised target images; and Experiment 3 used degraded target images. Across all three experiments, rather than optimising performance, facial wipes reduced accuracy relative to static presentations. Further, there is evidence that video wipes increase false positives and therefore may increase the likelihood that images of two different people will be incorrectly judged to show the same individual.Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Site‐Selective Convergent Synthesis of Spiroacridines through a Cascade Reaction of Enaminones with Acenaphthoquinone: An Efficient Construction of Multiple C−C and C–Heteroatom Bonds
Authors: Chen Xue‐Bing , Wang Xue‐Quan , Hong Yong , Liu Wei 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA highly efficient strategy has been developed for the regioselective synthesis of 9‐spiroacridine derivatives that have potential biochemical interest. The one‐pot cascade reaction of enaminones and acenaphthoquinone in the presence of para‐toluenesulfonic acid involved at least five reactive sites and generated two σ bonds, two types of C−N bonds, one stereocenter, and a dihydropyridine ring. The established protocol explores the chemistry of enaminones by employing its three reactive sites (i.e., N‐aryl nitrogen, β‐carbon, and C=O carbon atoms).
Lebensdauerberechnung mit praxisüblicher Software
Authors: Adriaans Jonte , Ahrens Mark Alexander , Eisler Roland , Mark Peter 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn Deutschland zeigen sich Infrastrukturbauwerke infolge Alterung und einer andauernden Steigerung des Schwerverkehrsaufkommens in zunehmend schlechterem Zustand. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt der Beurteilung der Resttragfähigkeit von Bauwerken besondere Bedeutung zu. Prognosen der (Rest‐) Lebensdauer können dazu einen entscheidenden Beitrag leisten. Am Lehrstuhl für Massivbau der Ruhr‐Universität Bochum wurde daher die Umsetzbarkeit einer Lebensdauerprognose an einem Bestandsbauwerk mithilfe von im Bauwesen verbreiteter Software untersucht.Die Lebensdauerprognose basiert dabei auf der wiederholten nichtlinearen Berechnung der als FE‐Modell diskretisierten Struktur bis in den Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit. Nach Auswahl geeigneter Software wird das zu untersuchende Bauwerk in ein adäquates FE‐Modell überführt. Anschließend werden maßgebende Belastungen im Hinblick auf die am Bauwerk relevanten Schädigungsmechanismen identifiziert und modelliert. Es folgt die Vorstellung eines Verfahrens zur Lebensdauersimulation, in dem zunächst wesentliche Schädigungsprozesse sowie Streuungen und Unschärfen untersucht werden. Nach der Entwicklung eines Berechnungsalgorithmus und dessen Verifikation am Kleinbeispiel wird das Simulationskonzept auf das untersuchte Bestandsbauwerk übertragen. Eine Auswertung der Simulationsergebnisse identifiziert schlussendlich die maßgebenden Wirkungsmechanismen und belegt die Funktionsfähigkeit des entwickelten Simulationskonzepts.Structural life‐time assessment employing well‐established engineering softwareCurrently Germany's infrastructure shows a progressively downgraded state of preservation due to aging along with an always increasing number of heavy good transports on the roads. In this context also the remaining bearing capacities of bridges gain rising importance. For an assessment lifetime prognoses can be very helpful. Therefore, an implementation of structural lifetime‐simulations employing commercial software has been developed at the institute of concrete structures of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum. The concept is now proven by application to an existing pre‐stressed concrete bridge.Generally, structural lifetime prognoses are based on repeated nonlinear simulation of a discretized bridge structure by finite elements up to the ultimate limit state. Once, appropriate software is chosen with respect to the simulation demands previously defined, the reference bridge is idealized by finite elements. Relevant load scenarios in view of pivotal damage mechanisms are identified and consequently set up. Next, the concept of structural lifetime simulation accounting for relevant damage mechanisms and imprecise input data is introduced briefly. A suited computational algorithm is developed and verified in a test case. Subsequently the concept is transferred to the reference bridge. Post‐processing of the simulation results identifies the relevant working principles and proves practical abilities of the simulation concept.
Targeting immune checkpoints in unresectable metastatic cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of anti‐CTLA‐4 and anti‐PD‐1 agents trials
Authors: Yun Seongseok , Vincelette Nicole D. , Green Myke R. , Wahner Hendrickson Andrea E. , Abraham Ivo 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAnti‐cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4) and anti‐programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) inhibitors have been shown to significantly improve survival in patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. However, there was some heterogeneity as well as some variation in the degree of benefit across studies. We reviewed randomized trials and performed a meta‐analysis to determine the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in comparison with conventional regimens. Eligible studies were limited to randomized controlled trials comparing anti‐CTLA‐4 or anti‐PD‐1 inhibitors to chemotherapy or vaccination treatment in adult patients with unresectable cutaneous metastatic melanoma. Progression‐free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months was 28.5% versus 17.7% (RR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76–0.93), overall survival (OS) rate at 1 year was 51.2% versus 38.8% (RR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59–0.88), and overall response rate (ORR) at 6 months was 29.6% versus 17.7% (RR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76–0.95) favoring immune check point inhibitors over chemotherapies or vaccination. Immune check point inhibitors were associated with more frequent immune‐related adverse events at 13.7% versus 2.4% of treated patients (RR: 6.74, 95% CI: 4.65–9.75). Subgroup analyses demonstrated significant PFS (RR: 0.92 vs. 0.74, P < 0.00001) and ORR (RR: 0.95 vs. 0.76, P = 0.0004) improvement with anti‐PD‐1 treatment compared to anti‐CTLA‐4 when each of them was compared to control treatments. Collectively, these results demonstrate that immune checkpoint inhibitors have superior outcomes compared to conventional chemotherapies or vaccination, and support the results of recent randomized trials that showed superior outcomes with anti‐PD‐1 agents over ipilimumab in unresectable metastatic cutaneous melanoma patients.