bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CAEP 2016 Academic Symposium: How to have an impact as an emergency medicine educator and scholar
Authors: Frank Jason R. , Cheung Warren J. , Sherbino Jonathan , Primavesi Robert , Woods Robert A. , Bandiera Glen , LeBlanc Constance 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Background
In a time of major medical education transformation, emergency medicine (EM) needs to nurture education scholars who will influence EM education practice. However, the essential ingredients to ensure a career with impact in EM education are not clear.

Objective
To describe how to prepare EM educators for a high-impact career.

Methods
The Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) Academic Section commissioned an “Education Impact” working group (IWG) to guide the creation of consensus recommendations from the EM community. EM educators from across Canada were initially recruited from the networks of the IWG members, and additional educators were recruited via snowball sampling. “High impact educators” were nominated by this network. The high impact educators were then interviewed using a structured question guide. These interviews were transcribed and coded for themes using qualitative methods. The process continued until no new themes were identified. Proposed themes and recommendations were presented to the EM community at the CAEP 2016 Academic Symposium. Feedback was then incorporated into a final set of recommendations.

Results
Fifty-five (71%) of 77 of identified Canadian EM educators participated, and 170 names of high impact educators were submitted and ranked by frequency. The IWG achieved sufficiency of themes after nine interviews. Five recommendations were made: 1) EM educators can pursue a high impact career by leveraging either traditional or innovative career pathways; 2) EM educators starting their education careers should have multiple senior mentors; 3) Early-career EM educators should immerse themselves in their area of interest and cultivate a community of practice, not limited to EM; 4) Every academic EM department and EM teaching site should have access to an EM educator with protected time and recognition for their EM education scholarship; and 5) Educators at all stages should continuously compile an impact portfolio.

Conclusions
We describe a unique set of recommendations to develop educators who will influence EM, derived from a consensus from the EM community. EM leaders, educators, and aspiring educational scholars should consider how to implement this guide towards enhancing our specialty’s educational mission.
Nonlinear and Temperature-Dependent Material Properties of AU/SN Alloy for Power Module
Authors: Liao L. L. , Chiang K. N. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn recent years, the material Au-20Sn eutectic solder, which is resistant to high temperatures, is used for electric interconnections in high-power modules, the material properties such as temperature and strain rate dependent stress-strain curve are critically needed for reliability assessment of Au-20Sn solder joint. Thus, this study was performed to determine the material properties of Au-20Sn eutectic solder under various strain rates and temperature loads. Many researches using shear test to determine the shear resistance of solder joint, however, the mechanical strength as measured by the shear test is the maximum shear strength of the package joint, but this measurement does not represent the stress-strain behavior of Au-20Sn material. To identify the material properties of Au-20Sn eutectic solder, the tensile test was performed to measure its mechanical strength and nonlinear material properties. The strain rate effect was examined in terms of the influence of the mechanical strength on the Au-20Sn eutectic solder at different tensile rates. The temperature-dependent material properties of Au-20Sn solder were also measured under various thermal loadings, and material properties of Au-20Sn obtained in this research can be applied to the simulation model, the thermomechanical behavior and reliability of the power module can be further analyzed and evaluated.
Modal Analysis and Dynamic Behavior for Analytical Drivetrain Model
Authors: Ghorbel A. , Abdennadher M. , Zghal B. , Walha L. , Haddar M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA generalized dynamic model for an automotive drive train system was detailed to investigate its modal properties and dynamic behavior. The model's engine excitation, clutch, gearbox and disc brake were presented. Then, vibration modes were obtained and classified into clutch, transmission system, disc brake, bearing and combined modes. For each vibration mode, the kinetic and strain modal energies distributions were studied. The dynamic equations were resolved using the numerical Newmark method. The dynamic behavior of the bearings and transmission errors for the two gear stages were studied, and, the effect of the disc brake parameters on the transmission error was analyzed. Finally, a frequency sweep analysis was studied to investigate the system resonance problem.
Structural Source Identification from Acoustic Measurements Using an Energetic Approach
Authors: Samet A. , Ben Souf M. A. , Bareille O. , Ichchou M. N. , Fakhfakh T. , Haddar M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAn inverse energy method for the identification of the structural force in high frequency ranges from radiated noise measurements is presented in this paper. The radiation of acoustic energy of the structure coupled to an acoustic cavity is treated using an energetic method called the simplified energy method. The main novelty of this paper consists in using the same energy method to solve inverse structural problem. It consists of localization and quantification of the vibration source through the knowledge of acoustic energy density. Numerical test cases with different measurement points are used for validation purpose. The numerical results show that the proposed method has an excellent performance in detecting the structural force with a few acoustical measurements.
Numerical Implementation of Coupled Anisotropic Plasticity-Ductile Damage in Sheet Metal Forming Process
Authors: Autay R. , Koubaa S. , Wali M. , Dammak F. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper deals with the implementation of an anisotropic plasticity constitutive equations exhibiting non-linear isotropic, kinematic hardening and coupled continuum ductile damage models. A fully implicit integration of the coupling constitutive equations is adopted and leads to two non-linear local scalar equations solved using the Newton method. The consistent local tangent modulus is obtained in a closed form by exact linearization of the algorithm. The numerical treatment of the proposed algorithm is implemented on ABAQUS using user interface material subroutines (UMAT and VUMAT). The performance of the present algorithm is assessed and bared out by numerical examples.
Analytical Solutions for Axisymmetric Normal Loadings Acting on a Particulate Composite Modeled as a Mixture of Two Linear Elastic Solids
Authors: Kurt E. , Dokuz M. S. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractConstitutive equations, based on continuum mechanics and representing behavior of a mixture of two elastic solids, can be used for modeling of materials such as particulate composites. In this study, the behavior of continuum of a mixture occupying half-space under axisymmetric loads is calculated using Fourier and Hankel transform methods. For this purpose, Love's strain functions are used and the general solution of problem under proper boundary conditions is presented. By applying the results obtained to the sinusoidal distributed vertical load and Boussinesq problems that require the use of Cartesian and cylindrical coordinate systems, displacement vectors, diffusive force vector and components of stress tensors are calculated. At the end of the study, the experimental results of a special particulate composite are used to check the accuracy of the solutions obtained.
Mixing Efficiency via Alternating Injection in a Heterogeneous Porous Medium
Authors: Li J. S. , Li Q. , Cai W. H. , Li F. C. , Chen C. Y. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe numerically verify better fluid mixing efficiency can be achieved by alternating injection scheme in a heterogeneous porous medium, whose permeability heterogeneity is characterized by two statistical parameters, i.e., the variance s and the correlation length l. Nevertheless, the fingering pattern is strongly affected by permeability distribution to result in similar fingering interface on each of injected layer of less viscous fluids. Instead of randomly chaotic fingering interaction in a homogeneous condition, more orderly channeling interaction occurs in a heterogeneous medium. As a result, higher Peclet number Pe (relative measure of advection and diffusion effects) generally leads to worse mixing efficiency in a heterogeneous medium, which might contradict the result found in a homogeneous case. By the same token, in the cases which strong chaotic fingering interaction already exists in homogeneous conditions, e.g., sufficiently short alternating injection interval Δt, large viscosity contrast A and high Pe, the presence of permeability heterogeneity would constrain the randomly chaotic fingering interaction and favors the more orderly channeling interaction, so that mixing efficiency is deteriorated compared with the corresponding homogeneous case.
Physical activity in the classroom to prevent childhood obesity: a pilot study in Santiago, Chile
Authors: Mardones Francisco , Arnaiz Pilar , Soto-Sánchez Johana , Saavedra Juana , Domínguez Angélica , Rozowski Jaime , Iriarte Laura , Cantwell Wood Jennifer 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper describes a 4-month pilot study that tested the suitability of a physical activity intervention for first graders (children aged 6 and 7 years) in a public school in Santiago, Chile. Teachers were trained to deliver the programme in the classroom during the school day. Teachers were surveyed to determine if this intervention fit within their curriculum and classroom routines and they reported in a focus group that it was suitable for them. All children actively participated in the programme and positive changes in their attitudes towards physical activity were observed by their teachers. Anthropometrics, blood pressure and hand grip strength were measured in the students. A significant reduction was observed in children with high waist circumference ≥ 90th percentile, and in mean systolic blood pressure. However, statistical power values for those comparisons were rather low. Anthropometry and hand grip strength were not modified. The latter calculations and the lack of a control group are showing the weaknesses of this pilot study and that further research with a larger sample size and an experimental design is strongly needed.
ON WEIHRAUCH REDUCIBILITY AND INTUITIONISTIC REVERSE MATHEMATICS
Authors: KUYPER RUTGER 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe show that there is a strong connection between Weihrauch reducibility on one hand, and provability in EL0, the intuitionistic version of RCA0, on the other hand. More precisely, we show that Weihrauch reducibility to the composition of finitely many instances of a theorem is captured by provability in EL0 together with Markov’s principle, and that Weihrauch reducibility is captured by an affine subsystem of EL0 plus Markov’s principle.
How Does Culture Matter? TheXin(Heart-Mind)-based Social Competence of Chinese Executives
Authors: Wei Hongguo , Bilimoria Diana , Li Shaobing 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study we explore the emotional and cognitive dimensions of Chinese business leaders’ social competence. We argue for a culturally inclusive conceptualization of leader social competence and its internal structure, which takes into account Chinese indigenous features. Data were collected by critical incident interviews from 42 top executives of small- and medium-sized private enterprises in China. A total of 302 competency episodes were included in the current study. Grounded theory was used for data analysis. The followingxin(heart-mind)-based social competencies were referenced in episodes of effective Chinese competency-relevant social interactions:guanxibuilding and maintenance, empathy, inspiration with wisdom, empowerment and developing others, resilience, and appreciation of problem solving. Each of these competencies includes an emotional and a cognitive element and embodies dynamic interplay between the emotional and cognitive dimensions of social competence. Xin-based social competencies impact effective interactions in relational contexts that implicate the individual self, the organizational self, and their interactions. The theoretical contributions and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Lactobacillus paracasei GMNL-32, Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-89 and L. reuteri GMNL-263 ameliorate hepatic injuries in lupus-prone mice
Authors: Hsu Tsai-Ching , Huang Chih-Yang , Liu Chung-Hsien , Hsu Kuo-Ching , Chen Yi-Hsing , Tzang Bor-Show 
Published: May 2017

AbstractProbiotics are known to regulate host immunity by interacting with systemic and mucosal immune cells as well as intestinal epithelial cells. Supplementation with certain probiotics has been reported to be effective against various disorders, including immune-related diseases. However, little is known about the effectiveness of Lactobacillus paracasei GMNL-32 (GMNL-32), Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-89 (GMNL-89) and L. reuteri GMNL-263 (GMNL-263) in the management of autoimmune diseases, especially systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). NZB/W F1 mice, which are a lupus-prone animal model, were orally gavaged with GMNL-32, GMNL-89 or GMNL-263 to investigate the effects of these Lactobacillus strains on liver injuries in NZB/W F1 mice. The results thus obtained reveal that supplementary GMNL-32, GMNL-89 or GMNL-263 in NZB/W F1 mice ameliorates hepatic apoptosis and inflammatory indicators, such as matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and C-reactive protein and inducible nitric oxide synthase expressions. In addition, supplementation with GMNL-32, GMNL-89 or GMNL-263 in NZB/W F1 mice reduced the expressions of hepatic IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α proteins by suppressing the mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB signalling pathways. These findings, presented here for the first time, reveal that GMNL-32, GMNL-89 and GMNL-263 mitigate hepatic inflammation and apoptosis in lupus-prone mice and may support an alternative remedy for liver disorders in cases of SLE.
Differential analysis of mutations in the Jewish population and their implications for diseases
Authors: EINHORN YARON , WEISSGLAS-VOLKOV DAPHNA , CARMI SHAI , OSTRER HARRY , FRIEDMAN EITAN , SHOMRON NOAM 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSequencing large cohorts of ethnically homogeneous individuals yields genetic insights with implications for the entire population rather than a single individual. In order to evaluate the genetic basis of certain diseases encountered at high frequency in the Ashkenazi Jewish population (AJP), as well as to improve variant annotation among the AJP, we examined the entire exome, focusing on specific genes with known clinical implications in 128 Ashkenazi Jews and compared these data to other non-Jewish populations (European, African, South Asian and East Asian). We targeted American College of Medical Genetics incidental finding recommended genes and the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) germline cancer-related genes. We identified previously known disease-causing variants and discovered potentially deleterious variants in known disease-causing genes that are population specific or substantially more prevalent in the AJP, such as in theATPandHGFACgenes associated with colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer, respectively. Additionally, we tested the advantage of utilizing the database of the AJP when assigning pathogenicity to rare variants of independent whole-exome sequencing data of 49 Ashkenazi Jew early-onset breast cancer (BC) patients. Importantly, population-based filtering using our AJP database enabled a reduction in the number of potential causal variants in the BC cohort by 36%. Taken together, population-specific sequencing of the AJP offers valuable, clinically applicable information and improves AJP filter annotation.
Balloon Eustachian tuboplasty treatment of longstanding Eustachian tube dysfunction
Authors: Singh T , Taneja V , Kulendra K , Farr M , Robinson J , Rejali D 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground:Eustachian tube dysfunction is a poorly defined condition associated with various symptoms and it can predispose to middle-ear disease. Balloon dilation Eustachian tuboplasty has been proposed as a treatment for Eustachian tube dysfunction.Objective:To evaluate the subjective and objective outcomes of balloon dilation Eustachian tuboplasty in patients with recurrent, previously treated chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction.Methods:The study was conducted on 11 patients (13 ears) who had undergone previous unsuccessful medical and surgical treatment. Tympanometry was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures included pure tone audiogram assessment and seven-item Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire score.Results:Balloon dilation Eustachian tuboplasty resulted in significant improvements in 11 patients’ subjective but not objective outcome measures.Conclusion:The objective abnormality and subjective symptoms in Eustachian tube dysfunction may represent two distinct pathological processes, which may nevertheless influence and exacerbate each other.
A moist edge environment aids the regeneration of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations
Authors: Lou Z C , Lou Z H 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjective:To review the history of moist therapy used to regenerate traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.Study design:Literature review.Methods:The literature on topical agents used to treat traumatic tympanic membrane perforations was reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of moist therapy were analysed.Results:A total of 76 studies were included in the analysis. Topical applications of certain agents (e.g. growth factors, Ofloxacin Otic Solution, and insulin solutions) to the moist edges of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations shortened closure times and improved closure rates.Conclusion:Dry tympanic membrane perforation edges may be associated with crust formation and centrifugal migration, delaying perforation closure. On the contrary, moist edges inhibit necrosis at the perforation margins, stimulate proliferation of granulation tissue and aid eardrum healing. Thus, moist perforation margins upon topical application of solutions of appropriate agents aid the regeneration of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.
Superior petrosal sinus causing superior canal dehiscence syndrome
Authors: Schneiders S M D , Rainsbury J W , Hensen E F , Irving R M 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjective:To determine signs and symptoms for superior canal dehiscence syndrome caused by the superior petrosal sinus.Methods:A review of the English-language literature on PubMed and Embase databases was conducted, in addition to a multi-centre case series report.Results:The most common symptoms of 17 patients with superior petrosal sinus related superior canal dehiscence syndrome were: hearing loss (53 per cent), aural fullness (47 per cent), pulsatile tinnitus (41 per cent) and pressure-induced vertigo (41 per cent). The diagnosis was made by demonstration of the characteristic bony groove of the superior petrosal sinus and the ‘cookie bite’ out of the superior semicircular canal on computed tomography imaging.Conclusion:Pulsatile tinnitus, hearing loss, aural fullness and pressure-induced vertigo are the most common symptoms in superior petrosal sinus related superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Compared to superior canal dehiscence syndrome caused by the more common apical location of the dehiscence, pulsatile tinnitus and exercise-induced vertigo are more frequent, while sound-induced vertigo and autophony are less frequent. There is, however, considerable overlap between the two subtypes. The distinction cannot as yet be made on clinical signs and symptoms alone, and requires careful analysis of computed tomography imaging.
Beyond the ‘Great Game’: The Russian origins of the second Anglo–Afghan War
Authors: MORRISON ALEXANDER 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDrawing on published documents and research in Russian, Uzbek, British, and Indian archives, this article explains how a hasty attempt by Russia to put pressure on the British in Central Asia unintentionally triggered the second Anglo–Afghan War of 1878–80. This conflict is usually interpreted within the framework of the so-called ‘Great Game’, which assumes that only the European ‘Great Powers’ had any agency in Central Asia, pursuing a coherent strategy with a clearly defined set of goals and mutually understood rules. The outbreak of the Second Anglo–Afghan war is usually seen as a deliberate attempt by the Russians to embroil the British disastrously in Afghan affairs, leading to the eventual installation of ‘Abd al-Rahman Khan, hosted for many years by the Russians in Samarkand, on the Afghan throne. In fact, the Russians did not foresee any of this. ‘Abd al-Rahman's ascent to the Afghan throne owed nothing to Russian support, and everything to British desperation. What at first seems like a classic ‘Great Game’ episode was a tale of blundering and unintended consequences on both sides. Central Asian rulers were not merely passive bystanders who provided a picturesque backdrop for Anglo–Russian relations, but important actors in their own right.
Between Western Academia and Pakistan: Fazlur Rahman and the fight for fusionism
Authors: ABBAS MEGAN BRANKLEY 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn the wake of European colonization, Muslims across the globe have wrestled with the problem of intellectual dualism, or the bifurcation of knowledge into the distinct Islamic and modern Western spheres. This article examines the career of Pakistani intellectual and University of Chicago professor, Fazlur Rahman (1919–1988), who emerged as a particularly significant figure in this debate over intellectual dualism in the latter half of the twentieth century. Arguing that academic methodologies were integral for Muslim understandings of Islam, Rahman broke down the dichotomy between Western and Islamic knowledge in favour of a merging of the two, an approach I term ‘fusionism’. He propagated this fusionist vision, with mixed success, in his native Pakistan and across the Islamic world. In his position as a respected professor at the University of Chicago, Rahman furthermore re-imagined and utilized the Western university as a valuable space for modern Islamic thought, thereby challenging any sharp boundary between the two discourses and their respective institutions.