bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyroelectric performance of porous Ba0.85Sr0.15TiO3 ceramics
Authors: Srikanth Keshavmurthy Subramanian , Singh Vinay Pratap , Vaish Rahul 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPorous Ba0.85Sr0.15TiO3 (BST) ferroelectric ceramics were synthesized by sintering compacts consisting of BST and Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% by wt.) as pore‐forming agent. Systematic investigation of role of porosity on microstructural, dielectric, and pyroelectric performance is carried out. It is observed that as PMMA increased from 0% to 10%, the porosity increased from 7.5% to 29.5%. Dielectric constant decreases and dielectric loss increases with increasing PMMA content at fixed frequency. When porosity reached 29.5%, the relative dielectric constant of the BST composition decreased by more than 78% (from 3500 to 750) at 10 kHz and 300 K. Porosity leads to a significant reduction in dielectric constant and volume‐specific heat capacity, which are of great interest for improving pyroelectric figure of merits (FOMs). Further, the pyroelectric figure of merits for current responsivity (Fi), voltage responsivity (Fv), detectivity (Fd), and energy harvesting (Fe and Fe*) are calculated for all investigated compositions. Compared with dense ceramic, porous BST (10% PMMA) showed an improvement of Fd by 19%, Fe by 61%, and Fe* by 98%. Fv increased by 210% at 300 K/10 kHz. All of these advancements are favorable for the development of pyroelectric devices.
Adherence to evidence‐based pressure injury prevention guidelines in routine clinical practice: a longitudinal study
Authors: Chaboyer Wendy , Bucknall Tracey , Gillespie Brigid , Thalib Lukman , McInnes Elizabeth , Considine Julie , Murray Edel , Duffy Paula , Tuck Michelle , Harbeck Emma 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe aim of this longitudinal study was to describe adherence to evidence‐based pressure injury (PI) prevention guidelines in routine clinical practice in Australian hospitals. Data were analysed from four control sites of a larger‐cluster randomised trial of a PI intervention. The sample of 799 included 220 (27·5%) Not at risk, 344 (43·1%) At risk and 110 (13·8%) At high risk patients. A total of 84 (10·5%) patients developed a PI during the study: 20 (9·0% of 220) in the Not at risk group, 45 (13·1% of 344) in the At risk group, 15 (13·6% of 110) in the At high risk group and 4 (3·2% of 125) patients who did not have a risk assessment completed. Of all patients, 165 (20·7%) received only one PI prevention strategy, and 494 (61·8%) received ≥2 strategies at some point during the study period. There was no statistical difference in the proportion of time the three risk groups received ≥1 and ≥2 strategies; on average, this was less than half the time they were in the study. Thus, patients were not receiving PI prevention strategies consistently throughout their hospital stay, although it is possible patients' risk changed over the study period.
Enhanced shock performance by disperse porous structure:A case study in PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Nie Hengchang , Yu Yin , Liu Yusheng , He Hongliang , Wang Genshui , Dong Xianlin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe porosity and corresponding microstructural features ultimately determine the properties of the macroporous materials. In this work, porous PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics having a common bulk density but with disperse and agglomerated pore distribution were prepared to study their influence on the physical properties. It is experimentally demonstrated that pore distribution exhibits significant influence on the shock compression response behaviors. Porous PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics with disperse pores exhibit enhanced shock resistance and thus higher breakdown strengths than its counterparts with agglomerated voids. To explain the underlying physical mechanism, a lattice‐spring model was employed to simulate both macroscopic shock response and mesoscopic evolution of the microstructures under shock compression. Our simulation results are concordant with our experimental observations. The enhanced shock resistance and larger shock plasticity of porous PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics with disperse pores under shock compression was found to be responsible for the superior performance.
Tunable negative thermal expansion and structural evolution in antiperovskite Mn3Ga1−xGexN (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0)
Authors: Lu Huiqing , Sun Ying , Deng Sihao , Shi Kewen , Wang Lei , Zhao Wenjun , Han Huimin , Deng Shenghua , Wang Cong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe negative thermal expansion (NTE) and structural evolution of antiperovskite compounds Mn3Ga1−xGexN (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) were systematically investigated. Our results indicate the crystal structure of Mn3Ga1−xGexN changes from cubic (C) to tetragonal (T4) with increasing Ge content by X‐ray diffraction (XRD).The negative thermal expansion from x = 0 (operation‐temperature range ▵T = 20 K) to x = 0.4 (▵T = 60 K) becomes broad and shifts to higher temperature, and then it became positive from x = 0.5 in Mn3Ga1−xGexN. Typically, Mn3Ga0.5Ge0.5N shows low thermal expansion behavior between 300 and 450 K (∆T = 150 K), and thermal expansion coefficient α is estimated to be 2 × 10−6 K−1. Furthermore, variable temperature XRD was measured to reveal the origin of NTE. The cubic I ‐ cubic II phases coexistence (x = 0.2) and cubic I ‐ tetragonal coexistence (x = 0.5, 0.6) was observed at low temperature. The tunable NTE is highly valuable for practical applications in precision devices.
Comparative study of Al2O3, HfO2, and HfAlOx for improved self‐compliance bipolar resistive switching
Authors: Sokolov Andrey S. , Son Seok Ki , Lim Donghwan , Han Hoon Hee , Jeon Yu‐Rim , Lee Jae Ho , Choi Changhwan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe comparison of resistive switching (RS) storage in the same device architecture is explored for atomic layer deposition (ALD) Al2O3, HfO2 and HfAlOx‐based resistive random access memory (ReRAM) devices. Among them, the deeper high‐ and low‐ resistance states, more uniform VSET‐VRES, persistent ROFF/RON (>102) ratio and endurance up to 105 cycles during both DC and AC measurements were observed for HfAlOx‐based device. This improved behavior is attributed to the intermixing of amorphous Al2O3/HfO2 oxide layers to form amorphous thermally stable HfAlOx thin films by consecutive‐cycled ALD. In addition, the higher oxygen content at Ti/HfAlOx thin films interface was found within the energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis (EDS). We believe this higher oxygen content at the interface could lead to its sufficient storage and supply, leading to the stable filament reduction‐oxidation operation. Further given insight to the RS mechanism, SET/RESET power necessities and scavenging effect shed a light to the enhancement of HfAlOx‐based ReRAM device as well.
The changing nature of relationships between parents and healthcare providers when a child dies in the paediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Butler Ashleigh E. , Hall Helen , Copnell Beverley 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimTo explore bereaved parents’ interactions with healthcare providers when a child dies in a paediatric intensive care unit.BackgroundAlthough most children admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit will survive, 2–5% will die during their stay. The parents of these children interact and form relationships with numerous healthcare staff during their child's illness and death. Although previous studies have explored the parental experience of child death in intensive care generally, the nature of their relationships with healthcare providers during this time remains unknown.DesignThis study used a constructivist grounded theory approach.MethodsData were collected via semi‐structured, audio‐recorded interviews with 26 bereaved parents from four paediatric intensive care units over 18 months in 2015–2016. Constant comparative analysis and theoretical memos were used to analyse the data.FindingsThe theory “Transitional togetherness” demonstrates the changing nature of the parent–healthcare provider relationship across three key phases of the parents’ journey. Phase one, “Welcoming expertise,” focuses on the child's medical needs, with the healthcare provider dominant in the relationship. Phase two, “Becoming a team,” centres around the parents’ need to recreate a parental role and work collaboratively with healthcare providers. Finally, “Gradually disengaging” describes the parents’ desire for the relationship to continue after the child's death as a source of support until no longer needed.ConclusionsFindings from this study offer valuable insights into the changing nature of the parent–healthcare provider relationship and highlight the key foci of the relationship at each stage of the parental journey.
The emotional impact of errors or adverse events on healthcare providers in the NICU: The protective role of coworker support
Authors: Winning Adrien M. , Merandi Jenna M. , Lewe Dorcas , Stepney Lois M. C. , Liao Nancy N. , Fortney Christine A. , Gerhardt Cynthia A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimsTo examine the impact of errors or adverse events on emotional distress and professional quality of life in healthcare providers in the neonatal intensive care unit, and the moderating role of coworker support.BackgroundErrors or adverse events can result in negative outcomes for healthcare providers. However, the role of coworker support in improving emotional and professional outcomes has not been examined.DesignA cross‐sectional online survey from a quality improvement initiative to train peer supporters in a neonatal intensive care unit.MethodsDuring 2015, 463 healthcare providers in a neonatal intensive care unit completed a survey assessing their experiences with an error or adverse event, anxiety, depression, professional quality of life and coworker support.ResultsCompared with those who did not experience an error or adverse event (58%), healthcare providers who observed (23%) or were involved (19%) in an incident reported higher levels of anxiety and secondary traumatic stress. Those who were involved in an event reported higher levels of depression and burnout. Differences between the three groups (no event, observation and involvement) for compassion satisfaction were non‐significant. Perceived coworker support moderated the association between experiencing an event and both anxiety and depression. Specifically, experiencing an event was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression when coworkers were perceived as low in supportiveness, but not when they were viewed as highly supportive.ConclusionFindings suggest that errors or adverse events can have a harmful impact on healthcare providers and that coworker support may reduce emotional distress.
Utility of high density multielectrode mapping during ablation of scar‐related ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Cano Óscar , Plaza Diego , Saurí Assumpció , Osca Joaquín , Alonso Pau , Andrés Ana , Sancho‐Tello María‐José , Martínez‐Dolz Luis 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntroductionMultielectrode mapping catheters (MEMC) allow the performance of high resolution and density maps but the utility of these catheters in ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation procedures has not been yet widely described. We sought to evaluate the utility of a MEMC during scar‐related VT ablation procedures.MethodsEighty‐five consecutive scar‐related VT ablation procedures were performed in 81 patients. In the first 26 procedures, a standard 3.5‐mm tip linear catheter was employed for endocardial/epicardial mapping (control group). In the following 59 procedures mapping was performed with a MEMC (study group). Procedural time, LV endocardial and epicardial mapping time, complications and ablation outcomes were compared.ResultsThe use of the MEMC resulted in a significant shortening of the endocardial and epicardial mapping times (38 ± 15 minutes vs. 56 ± 24 minutes for endocardial LV mapping in the study and control group, respectively, P = 0.001; and 28 ± 9 minutes vs 41 ± 16 minutes, for epicardial mapping, P = 0.011) as well as the total procedural time (177 ± 53 minutes vs. 206 ± 50 minutes, respectively, P = 0.02). The mapping density was also significantly increased in the study group (mean endocardial LV points: 2,143 ± 1,419 vs. 485 ± 174, for the study and control group, respectively, P < 0.0001), specially within the scar area (49.6 ± 34 points/cm2 vs. 8.4 ± 4.6 points/cm2, P < 0.001). No differences in acute and long‐term follow‐up outcomes were observed.ConclusionsHigh‐density multielectrode mapping is associated with a significant reduction of procedural and mapping times and a significant increase of mapping density without affecting outcomes in patients with scar‐related VT.
Predicting appropriate shocks in patients with heart failure: Patient level meta‐analysis from SCD‐HeFT and MADIT II
Authors: Zeitler Emily P. , Al‐Khatib Sana M. , Friedman Daniel J. , Han Joo Yoon , Poole Jeanne E. , Bardy Gust H. , Bigger J. Thomas , Buxton Alfred E. , Moss Arthur J. , Lee Kerry L. , Dorian Paul , Cappato Riccardo , Kadish Alan H. , Kudenchuk Peter J. , Mark Daniel B. , Inoue Lurdes Y. T. , Sanders Gillian D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundNo precise tools exist to predict appropriate shocks in patients with a primary prevention ICD. We sought to identify characteristics predictive of appropriate shocks in patients with a primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).MethodsUsing patient‐level data from the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial II (MADIT II) and the Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial (SCD‐HeFT), we identified patients with any appropriate shock. Clinical and demographic variables were included in a logistic regression model to predict appropriate shocks.ResultsThere were 1,463 patients randomized to an ICD, and 285 (19%) had ≥1 appropriate shock over a median follow‐up of 2.59 years. Compared with patients without appropriate ICD shocks, patients who received any appropriate shock tended to have more severe heart failure. In a multiple logistic regression model, predictors of appropriate shocks included NYHA class (NYHA II vs. I: OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.07–2.55; NYHA III vs. I: OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.10–2.76), lower LVEF (per 1% change) (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.06), absence of beta‐blocker therapy (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.23–2.12), and single chamber ICD (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.13–2.45).ConclusionIn this meta‐analysis of patient level data from MADIT‐II and SCD‐HeFT, higher NYHA class, lower LVEF, no beta‐blocker therapy, and single chamber ICD (vs. dual chamber) were significant predictors of appropriate shocks.
Obestatin regulates cardiovascular function and promotes cardioprotection through the nitric oxide pathway
Authors: Penna Claudia , Tullio Francesca , Femminò Saveria , Rocca Carmine , Angelone Tommaso , Cerra Maria C. , Gallo Maria Pia , Gesmundo Iacopo , Fanciulli Alessandro , Brizzi Maria Felice , Pagliaro Pasquale , Alloatti Giuseppe , Granata Riccarda 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPatients with ischaemic heart disease or chronic heart failure show altered levels of obestatin, suggesting a role for this peptide in human heart function. We have previously demonstrated that GH secretagogues and the ghrelin gene‐derived peptides, including obestatin, exert cardiovascular effects by modulating cardiac inotropism and vascular tone, and reducing cell death and contractile dysfunction in hearts subjected to ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R), through the Akt/nitric oxide (NO) pathway. However, the mechanisms underlying the cardiac actions of obestatin remain largely unknown. Thus, we suggested that obestatin‐induced activation of PI3K/Akt/NO and PKG signalling is implicated in protection of the myocardium when challenged by adrenergic, endothelinergic or I/R stress. We show that obestatin exerts an inhibitory tone on the performance of rat papillary muscle in both basal conditions and under β‐adrenergic overstimulation, through endothelial‐dependent NO/cGMP/PKG signalling. This pathway was also involved in the vasodilator effect of the peptide, used both alone and under stress induced by endothelin‐1. Moreover, when infused during early reperfusion, obestatin reduced infarct size in isolated I/R rat hearts, through an NO/PKG pathway, comprising ROS/PKC signalling, and converging on mitochondrial ATP‐sensitive potassium [mitoK(ATP)] channels. Overall, our results suggest that obestatin regulates cardiovascular function in stress conditions and induces cardioprotection by mechanisms dependent on activation of an NO/soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/PKG pathway. In fact, obestatin counteracts exaggerated β‐adrenergic and endothelin‐1 activity, relevant factors in heart failure, suggesting multiple positive effects of the peptide, including the lowering of cardiac afterload, thus representing a potential candidate in pharmacological post‐conditioning.
Ocular localization of mycobacterial lesions in tank‐reared juvenile cobia, Rachycentron canadum
Authors: Phillips A C N , Suepaul R , Soto E 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSevere clinical mycobacteriosis with consistent ocular lesion localization was diagnosed in a population of 800 juvenile tank‐reared Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) which experienced a sudden increase in mortality approximately 5 months after arriving into Trinidad and Tobago from Florida, USA. Moderate daily mortality (15–20 animals per day) persisted for just over 1 month. Moribund fish displayed circling behaviour and had an open‐mouth gape upon death. Fish consistently presented with bilateral exophthalmia, corneal cloudiness and hyphema. Non‐branching acid‐fast rods were detected in aqueous humour touch preparations. Histological analysis revealed severe bilateral intra‐ocular granulomatous responses in all specimens. Mycobacterium sp. was identified using a real‐time PCR assay detecting the RNA polymerase β‐subunit (rpoB) gene in different tissue samples. Specimens did not present with characteristic granulomatous responses usually seen in viscera. To the best of our knowledge, this represents only the third documentation of piscine mycobacterial infection presenting with only localized ocular lesions, and the second documented case of mycobacteriosis in cobia. It is, however, the first documentation of an ocular presentation of mycobacteriosis in a marine species and is the first documentation of such a presentation in cobia.
Comparative pathogenesis of piscirickettsiosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post‐smolt experimentally challenged with LF‐89‐like and EM‐90‐like Piscirickettsia salmonis isolates
Authors: Rozas‐Serri M , Ildefonso R , Peña A , Enríquez R , Barrientos S , Maldonado L 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPiscirickettsiosis (SRS) is the most prevalent bacterial disease in Chilean salmon aquaculture and is responsible for high economic losses. The aim of this study was to comparatively characterize the pathogenesis of SRS in post‐smolt Atlantic salmon during the early and late stages of infection with Piscirickettsia salmonis LF‐89‐like (PS‐LF‐89) and EM‐90‐like (PS‐EM‐90) using a cohabitation challenge. The pathogenesis of cohabitant fish infected with the two isolates was relatively different due to cohabitant fish infected with PS‐EM‐90 showing higher cumulative mortality and shorter time until death compared with PS‐LF‐89 fish. PS‐LF‐89 caused an SRS infection characterized by kidney and liver lesions, whereas PS‐EM‐90 caused systemic and haemorrhagic disease characterized by kidney, liver, heart, brain, skeletal muscle and intestine lesions. Decreased serum concentration of total proteins and albumin as well as increased serum ALT, AST and creatinine levels in fish infected with both isolates confirmed that changes in liver and kidney function occurred during infection. Tissue damage, expressed as an SRS histoscore, showed a strong positive correlation with the bacterial load expressed as abundance of P. salmonis 16S rRNA transcripts in the livers and kidneys of fish affected with either isolate, but the correlation was significantly higher in fish infected with PS‐EM‐90. The results contribute to improving the understanding of the bacteria–host interaction.
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) serotype Sp is prevalent in Turkish rainbow trout farms
Authors: Büyükekiz A G , Altun S , Hansen E F , Satıcıoğlu İ B , Duman M , Markussen T , Rimstad E 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInfectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is a common pathogen of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Turkey. We found that 455 of 1,676 sample pools tested were IPNV positive. Positive samples were found in all geographical regions where sampling was conducted. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of VP2 from 30 isolates representing all regions showed that the viruses were highly similar in sequence and grouped within Genogroup 5 (serotype Sp‐A2). No correlations between sequences, sampling sites or geographical origins were identified. Although clinical disease was evident in several farms, analyses of the amino acid sequence of VP2 showed that all virus strains harboured the P217T221 motif, assumed to be associated with low virulence. We conclude that IPNV is prevalent in Turkish rainbow trout farms and that the viruses are very homogenous and likely to be of European origin. Frequent exchange of eggs and live fish within the farming industry may explain the homogeneity of the IPNV.
Recovery of Bacillus mycoides, B. pseudomycoides and Aeromonas hydrophila from common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with gill disease
Authors: Orozova P , Sirakov I , Austin D A , Austin B 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDuring a 3‐month period from June to the end of August 2016, ~5% mortalities were observed in a farm with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) and one farm of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in Bulgaria. The disease was manifested by gill ulcers/rot, asphyxiation and bloody ascites. Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from the internal organs of all the diseased fish. Bacillus mycoides or B. pseudomycoides were recovered from the gill lesions on diseased carp and rainbow trout, respectively, with identification achieved by conventional phenotyping and by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In vivo experiments confirmed that all three organisms were pathogenic to rainbow trout.
Genotyping of Tenacibaculum maritimum isolates from farmed Atlantic salmon in Western Canada
Authors: Frisch K , Småge S B , Brevik Ø J , Duesund H , Nylund A 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMouthrot infections (bacterial stomatitis) have a significant impact on the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry in Western Canada due to economic losses and fish welfare. Bacteria isolated from lesions in the field have been identified as Tenacibaculum maritimum. Mouthrot is different to classical tenacibaculosis, which is most commonly associated with ulcerative lesions, frayed fins and tail rot. The marine fish pathogen T. maritimum is found worldwide; however, in Western Canada, the knowledge of the genetic profile of T. maritimum is limited. This study looked at increasing this knowledge by genotyping T. maritimum isolates collected from Atlantic salmon from farms in Western Canada. These genotypes were compared to other species of the genus Tenacibaculum, as well as other known sequence types within the species. The Western Canadian isolates belong to two new sequence types within the T. maritimum species. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the isolates form a distinct branch together with T. maritimum NCIMB 2154T separate from other Tenacibaculum type strains, and they are most closely related to strains from Norway and Chile.