bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decadent Appropriation
Authors: Macpherson Ben 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The second chapter of Singing Utopia develops a new way of thinking about the complex plurality of vocal styles evident in musical theatre. From the classical sound of early musical comedy to the pop and hip hop aesthetic of contemporary performances, the chapter examines changing tastes, expectations, and performance practices at play in what it calls the ‘voiceworlds’ of musical theatre. Drawing on literary theory, voice studies, cultural analysis, and musicology, the chapter further develops the concept of ‘decadent appropriation’ as a new way of analysing what is heard in these voiceworlds. Identifying discrete vocal styles along with the processes and consequences of their appropriation, the chapter listens across five case studies. The first part of the chapter listens to Florodora (1899), The Phantom of the Opera (1986), and Floyd Collins (1996), recasting the ideology of operatic vocality in the same vocal space as music hall patter, pop voice, and folk singing. The chapter then listens to more popular styles including crooning, belt, and rock voice in Guys and Dolls (1950) and Passing Strange (2008), further discovering a decadence which is political and subversive, with a particular focus on the difficult relationships between race, politics, society, and personal identity in the act of singing utopia.
Intermediate Vocalities
Authors: Macpherson Ben 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores what happens when individual characters and entire communities inhabit aural spaces somewhere between speech and song. Employing an analytical method from ethnography, the utopian potentials of these ‘intermediate’ vocalities are examined in four case studies. First, listening to the conman’s patter of Professor Harold Hill (The Music Man, 1957) and the Jewish inflections of Fagin’s speak-singing (Oliver! 1960), the chapter considers what is revealed about the relationship between individuals on the outside of communities and the potential for utopia. The chapter then listens to the hesitant vocality of townsfolk of Into the Woods (1987) and the political imperatives of hip hop and rap in Hamilton (2015), considering what happens when entire voiceworlds resist the utopian vocality of song—and what it means when they succumb.
Introduction
Authors: McKenna Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
What is the relationship between desert and moral responsibility? The most immediate answer is that desert supplies a distinctive normative basis for holding wrongdoers morally responsible. But this tells us little unless we gain some sense of the nature of these responses—what such things as blame and punishment are—as well as the nature of the normativity distinctive of desert. The conversational theory of moral responsibility explains our responses of blame and punishment on analogy with a meaningful reply to another in a conversation. Desert in turn offers a normative basis for these responses insofar as they are harmful. With an initial characterization of the relation between the conversational theory and desert, this chapter then offers a brief description of the ground covered in the pages to follow.
Directed Blame and Conversation
Authors: McKenna Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter develops a communicative account of blame, one more specifically designed to model the communication involved in felicitous conversational exchange. Blame is treated as a response to an ongoing meaningful interaction between a morally responsible agent as the blamed party and a member of the moral community holding that person to account by blaming her. Two important points get special attention. One is to clarify and defend a methodology of focusing on only prototypical cases of blame when it is directly targeted at a blamed party. The project of offering necessary and sufficient conditions for the full extension of blame is rejected. Instead, by focusing on crucial central cases, one can then account for other cases of blame by way of family resemblance. A second point is devoted to explaining the extreme variability in felicitous modes of directly blaming one who is blameworthy.
Basically Deserved Blame and Its Value
Authors: McKenna Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this chapter, the nature of basic desert for moral blame is explored. Desert, it is argued, offers a unique normative form of appraisal that tends exclusively to feature of its object in justifying blame. Its being basic is a matter of desert itself not being justified by a more fundamental normative consideration, like utility, reasonableness, or fairness. One question as applied to basic desert is whether, in the case of deserved blame, the harms to the deserving are noninstrumentally good. It is argued that claims of basic desert entail that it is noninstrumentally good that the blameworthy are harmed by a blaming response. Many see this as an endorsement of cruelty or vengeance, but these criticisms are resisted.
The Free Will Debate and Basic Desert
Authors: McKenna Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter resists the familiar thesis that the free will debate is specifically limited to a basic desert conception of blame and punishment. On this view, no other normative bases implicate a robust freedom condition about which there might be any metaphysical controversy. But it is argued that there are other normative bases for blame and punishment that might also require a robust freedom condition. Hence, the free will debate is not held hostage to a commitment to basic desert. Why does this matter? Because it might turn out that basic desert is an indefensible justification for any forms of treatment, especially if desert entails that it is noninstrumentally good to harm the blameworthy and culpable.
Conclusion
Authors: McKenna Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter reviews the terrain covered in the preceding chapters of the book. It closes by registering a few themes throughout. These include adopting a more critical stance toward some influential themes in Strawson’s seminal paper “Freedom and Resentment,” rejecting essentialism about the role of anger, developing the role of fittingness in a theory of deserved blame and punishment, scrutinizing the use of anger in blame and punishment, and engaging free will skeptics and other abolitionists about desert and punishment by seeking a modest desert thesis, one competing contestants in these debates might agree is a bona fide desert thesis.
Dancing to Schumann
Authors: Hedges Brown Julie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 continues the focus on creative inner movements but through a different interdisciplinary lens. Reflecting the burgeoning growth of “choreomusical” analysis within current scholarship, the chapter explores the Adagio from Hans van Manen’s 1975 ballet Four Schumann Pieces, set to Schumann’s complete A-major string quartet. As a devotee of George Balanchine and his creed to “make the music visible,” yet also interested in human relationships, Van Manen explores identity and sexuality as multivalent and relational within his “third piece”—the slow movement; the result is a reconfiguration of normative boundary lines, hierarchies, and gender protocols. This conceptual framework—buttressed by an investigation into Van Manen’s own emancipatory attitudes about identity, especially gay identity—proves remarkably telling for Schumann’s Adagio, a movement that has provoked a variety of contradictory formal interpretations. Indeed, Van Manen’s choreography enables numerous insights into the music that have hitherto escaped notice: for instance, a “primary” theme that resists any fixed version of itself; a large-scale design that allows multiple formal principles to intersect; and a softening of boundaries that exposes ties between seemingly different materials.
Systematic benchmark of single-cell hashtag demultiplexing approaches reveals robust performance of a clustering-based method
Authors: Sayed Mohammed , Wang Yue Julia , Lim Hee-Woong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Single-cell technology opened up a new avenue to delineate cellular status at a single-cell resolution and has become an essential tool for studying human diseases. Multiplexing allows cost-effective experiments by combining multiple samples and effectively mitigates batch effects. It starts by giving each sample a unique tag and then pooling them together for library preparation and sequencing. After sequencing, sample demultiplexing is performed based on tag detection, where cells belonging to one sample are expected to have a higher amount of the corresponding tag than cells from other samples. However, in reality, demultiplexing is not straightforward due to the noise and contamination from various sources. Successful demultiplexing depends on the efficient removal of such contamination. Here, we perform a systematic benchmark combining different normalization methods and demultiplexing approaches using real-world data and simulated datasets. We show that accounting for sequencing depth variability increases the separability between tagged and untagged cells, and the clustering-based approach outperforms existing tools. The clustering-based workflow is available as an R package from https://github.com/hwlim/hashDemux.
Mid- and long-term renal outcomes after metabolic surgery in a multi-center, multi-ethnic Asian cohort with T2DM
Authors: Sio Yueh-Chu , Chen Ching-Yi , Huang Yu-Min , Lee Wei-Jei , Hur Kyoung Yul , Kasama Kazunori , Cheng Anton Kui Sing , Lee Ming-Hsien , Simon Kin-Hung Wong , Soong Tien-Chou , Lee Kuo-Ting , Lomanto Davide , Lakdawala Muffazal , Su Yen-Hao , Wang Weu , Chen Hsi-Hsien 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Metabolic surgery is recognized for its effectiveness in weight loss and improving outcomes for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its impact on renal function, especially in multi-ethnic Asian populations, remains underexplored. This study investigates mid- and long-term renal outcomes following metabolic surgery in Asian patients with T2DM.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Asian Diabetes Surgery Study (ADSS), involving T2DM patients aged 20–79 who underwent metabolic surgery from 2008 to 2015. The primary outcome was the change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at 1, 3, and 5 years post-surgery, with adjustments for confounders. Secondary outcomes included changes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages and the relationship between weight loss and eGFR changes. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable regression analyses, along with the McNemar test.

Results
The study included 1513 patients with a mean age of 42.7 years. The results revealed that a significant improvement in eGFR was observed at 1-year post-surgery (112.4 ± 32.0 ml/min/1.73 m², P &lt; .001), with a shift toward less severe CKD stages. However, this improvement was not sustained at 3 and 5 years. No significant correlation was found between weight loss and eGFR changes at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion
Metabolic surgery significantly improves renal function at 1 year postoperatively in Asian individuals with T2DM, highlighting its potential benefits beyond glycemic control and weight loss. The long-term effects on renal function require further investigation.
Electrocardiogram-based deep learning to predict mortality in paediatric and adult congenital heart disease
Authors: Mayourian Joshua , El-Bokl Amr , Lukyanenko Platon , La Cava William G , Geva Tal , Valente Anne Marie , Triedman John K , Ghelani Sunil J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Robust and convenient risk stratification of patients with paediatric and adult congenital heart disease (CHD) is lacking. This study aims to address this gap with an artificial intelligence-enhanced electrocardiogram (ECG) tool across the lifespan of a large, diverse cohort with CHD.

Methods
A convolutional neural network was trained (50%) and tested (50%) on ECGs obtained in cardiology clinic at the Boston Children’s Hospital to detect 5-year mortality. Temporal validation on a contemporary cohort was performed. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic and precision-recall curves.

Results
The training and test cohorts composed of 112 804 ECGs (39 784 patients; ECG age range 0–85 years; 4.9% 5-year mortality) and 112 575 ECGs (39 784 patients; ECG age range 0–92 years; 4.6% 5-year mortality from ECG), respectively. Model performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.77–0.81; area under the precision-recall curve 0.17, 95% confidence interval 0.15–0.19) outperformed age at ECG, QRS duration, and left ventricular ejection fraction and was similar during temporal validation. In subgroup analysis, artificial intelligence-enhanced ECG outperformed left ventricular ejection fraction across a wide range of CHD lesions. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrates predictive value for longer-term mortality in the overall cohort and for lesion subgroups. In the overall cohort, precordial lead QRS complexes were most salient with high-risk features including wide and low-amplitude QRS complexes. Lesion-specific high-risk features such as QRS fragmentation in tetralogy of Fallot were identified.

Conclusions
This temporally validated model shows promise to inexpensively risk-stratify individuals with CHD across the lifespan, which may inform the timing of imaging/interventions and facilitate improved access to care.
A convergent stochastic scalar auxiliary variable method
Authors: Metzger Stefan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We discuss an extension of the scalar auxiliary variable approach, which was originally introduced by Shen et al. (2018, The scalar auxiliary variable (SAV) approach for gradient flows. J. Comput. Phys., 353, 407–416) for the discretization of deterministic gradient flows. By introducing an additional scalar auxiliary variable this approach allows to derive a linear scheme while still maintaining unconditional stability. Our extension augments the approximation of the evolution of this scalar auxiliary variable with higher order terms, which enables its application to stochastic partial differential equations. Using the stochastic Allen–Cahn equation as a prototype for nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations with multiplicative noise we propose an unconditionally energy stable, linear, fully discrete finite element scheme based on our augmented scalar auxiliary variable method. Recovering a discrete version of the energy estimate and establishing Nikolskii estimates with respect to time we are able to prove convergence of discrete solutions towards pathwise unique martingale solutions by applying Jakubowski’s generalization of Skorokhod’s theorem. A generalization of the Gyöngy–Krylov characterization of convergence in probability to quasi-Polish spaces finally provides convergence of fully discrete solutions towards strong solutions of the stochastic Allen–Cahn equation. Finally, we present numerical simulations underlining the practicality of the scheme and the importance of the introduced augmentation terms.
Exploration of UCD Practice Limitations
Authors: Visescu Ioana , Lárusdóttir Marta , Choi Won 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The integration of user-centred design (UCD) practices in software development is fundamental for enhancing the overall experiences of software users. In this paper, we summarize the results of various research studies on what the stated limitations of UCD practices are. A process called the UCD Sprint was introduced recently with the goal of addressing some of the existing UCD practice limitations for integrating UCD practices in software development. The guided usage of the step-by-step process has been studied with students and UCD practitioners in courses showing positive results, where participants describe benefits while using the process, such as the speed of the process, its clear structure, guidance. In this paper, we describe results from a synthesis study summarizing results on how guided usage of the UCD Sprint can address UCD practice limitations. Furthermore, we describe results from a series of interviews with UCD practitioners on how they currently practice UCD, the challenges and limitations they experience and their views on how unguided usage of the UCD Sprint would potentially fit their UCD practices. While the interviewees recognize the importance of user involvement, they highlight challenges in aligning user interests with other stakeholders' interests. All participants had used processes like design sprints for structuring their UCD practices. Interviewees have generally tailored the traditional approach of design sprints, showcasing a nuanced understanding of UCD practices. The results show that the UCD Sprint process is considered by UCD practitioners as a promising approach for practicing UCD. The process is viewed with enthusiasm, but the need for clear objectives and adaptability to the work contexts of the UCD practitioners remains essential. UCD practitioners’ adaptive strategies of their UCD practices emphasize the need for flexibility and adaptation of UCD practices and processes.
Hyperkalemia and maintenance of renin–angiotensin system inhibitor therapy after initiating SGLT-2 or DPP-4 inhibitors
Authors: Bosi Alessandro , Xu Yang , Faucon Anne-Laure , Huang Tao , Evans Marie , Shin Jung-Im , Fu Edouard L , Carrero Juan Jesus 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Post hoc analyses of clinical trials suggest that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) lower the risk of hyperkalemia and facilitate the use of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) in people with type 2 diabetes. Whether this is also observed in routine care is unclear. We investigated whether SGLT-2i lowered the risk of hyperkalemia and RASi discontinuation as compared to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4i).

Methods
Using the target trial emulation framework, we studied adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who started SGLT-2i or DPP-4i in Stockholm, Sweden (2014–2021). The outcomes were incident hyperkalemia (potassium &gt;5.0 mmol/l), mild hyperkalemia (potassium &gt;5–≤5.5 mmol/l), and moderate to severe hyperkalemia (potassium &gt;5.5 mmol/l). Among RASi users, we studied time to RASi discontinuation through evaluation of pharmacy fills. Cox regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to estimate per-protocol hazard ratios (HRs).

Results
In total, 29 849 individuals (15 326 SGLT-2i and 14 523 DPP-4i initiators) were included (mean age 66 years, 37% women). About one-third of participants in each arm discontinued treatment within 1 year. Compared with DPP-4i, SGLT-2i use was associated with a lower rate of hyperkalemia (HR 0.77; 95% CI: 0.64–0.93), including both mild (0.76; 0.62–0.93) and moderate/severe (0.53; 0.40–0.69) hyperkalemia events. Of 19 116 participants who used RASi at baseline, 7% discontinued therapy. Initiation of SGLT-2i vs. DPP-4i was not associated with the rate of RASi discontinuation (0.97; 0.83–1.14). Results were consistent in intention-to-treat analysis and across strata of sex, cardiovascular disease, use of MRA, and use of RASi.

Conclusions
In patients with diabetes managed in routine clinical care, the use of SGLT-2i was associated with lower rates of hyperkalemia compared with DPP-4i. Possibly because of a relatively high rate of treatment discontinuations, this was not accompanied by higher persistence on RASi therapy.
Opioid deaths in children in Ontario: A province-wide study
Authors: Assen Katrina , Urbantke Elizabeth , Wilson Michael , Rieder Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Opioid-related deaths are an ongoing concern. There have been increasing numbers of fentanyl-related adult deaths with limited knowledge of the characteristics and circumstances of opioid toxicity deaths in children. Our aim was to address this using province-wide data capturing all deaths in children under the age of 10 years in Ontario.

Methods
Data were extracted from the opioid investigative aid database at the Office of the Chief Coroner from the implementation of the system from October 1, 2017, to October 31, 2021. This collects all opioid-related deaths in Ontario (population 14.7 million). A chart review was undertaken on all deaths under 10 years of age. Patient characteristics were calculated as percentages; descriptive analysis was conducted.

Results
Ten deaths in children under the age of 10 occurred during the study period. The average age was 1.9 years with the oldest being 4 years and 9 months. The causative opioid was fentanyl alone in four cases (40%), fentanyl and other drugs in four cases (40%), and hydromorphone and methadone in one case each (10%). Most cases involved improperly stored medication or illicit substances. All children who died had previous child protection service involvement, and at least 70% of their families had previous police involvement.

Conclusions
Fentanyl was the primary substance involved in 80% of deaths. Several potential areas of system change include education on fentanyl risk to young children, careful storage of illicit substances, and implications for how the child protection system intervenes in homes where the use of opioids and illicit substance use is reported to occur.
Inference of Phylogenetic Networks From Sequence Data Using Composite Likelihood
Authors: Kong Sungsik , Swofford David L , Kubatko Laura S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
While phylogenies have been essential in understanding how species evolve, they do not adequately describe some evolutionary processes. For instance, hybridization, a common phenomenon where interbreeding between 2 species leads to formation of a new species, must be depicted by a phylogenetic network, a structure that modifies a phylogenetic tree by allowing 2 branches to merge into 1, resulting in reticulation. However, existing methods for estimating networks become computationally expensive as the dataset size and/or topological complexity increase. The lack of methods for scalable inference hampers phylogenetic networks from being widely used in practice, despite accumulating evidence that hybridization occurs frequently in nature. Here, we propose a novel method, PhyNEST (Phylogenetic Network Estimation using SiTe patterns), that estimates binary, level-1 phylogenetic networks with a fixed, user-specified number of reticulations directly from sequence data. By using the composite likelihood as the basis for inference, PhyNEST is able to use the full genomic data in a computationally tractable manner, eliminating the need to summarize the data as a set of gene trees prior to network estimation. To search network space, PhyNEST implements both hill climbing and simulated annealing algorithms. PhyNEST assumes that the data are composed of coalescent independent sites that evolve according to the Jukes–Cantor substitution model and that the network has a constant effective population size. Simulation studies demonstrate that PhyNEST is often more accurate than 2 existing composite likelihood summary methods (SNaQand PhyloNet) and that it is robust to at least one form of model misspecification (assuming a less complex nucleotide substitution model than the true generating model). We applied PhyNEST to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships among Heliconius butterflies and Papionini primates, characterized by hybrid speciation and widespread introgression, respectively. PhyNEST is implemented in an open-source Julia package and is publicly available at https://github.com/sungsik-kong/PhyNEST.jl.