bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a cadaveric Hallux Rigidus model. Biomechanical testing
Authors: de Solminihac Diego Zanolli , Wagner Emilio , Wagner Pablo , Ortiz Cristian , Díaz Andres Keller , Radkievich Ruben , Palma Felipe , Guzman-Venegas Rodrigo 
Published: September 2017

Category: Bunion Introduction/Purpose: Hallux Rigidus (HR) is characterized initially by a decrease in Hallux metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) dorsiflexion, decreasing the total range of motion. To be able to study different surgical treatment options, a cadaveric model has to be developed that recreates the limited range of motion. Our objective was to develop an Hallux Rigidus cadaveric model by shortening the plantar fascia (PF). Hallux MTPJ range of motion and joint stiffness were evaluated. Methods: 8 cadaveric foot- ankle – distal tibia specimens were prepared, identifying all extensor and flexor tendons proximally. The skin and subcutaneous tissue was kept intact. Each specimen was mounted on a special frame and luminous markers were attached to the skin (Oxford Foot Model). A dead weight equal to 50% of the stance phase force was applied to each tendon, except for the Achilles tendon and the posterior tibialis. 10 Hallux MTPJ dorsiflexion-plantarflexion cycles were performed by pulling the Extensor Hallucis longus tendon using an tensile testing machine (Kinetecnics). A Hallux Rigidus model was then developed by shortening the PF by 6 mm using a triple fiberwire suture technique. The same 10 cycles were repeated with a shortened PF. Each specimen served as its own control. Hallux metatarsophalangeal stiffness and kinematics were tested using a tensile testing machine and high definition cameras. Results: The group with a shortened PF significantly reduced the hallux dorsiflexion (18.6 degrees) compared to the native foot (23.7 degress) (p<0.05). No significant difference in joint stiffness was seen between groups: 3.3 N per degree for the native foot and 4.3 N per degree for the Hallux Rigidus model (P>0.05). Conclusion: To create a HR model is vital to allow further understanding of the pathology. The cadaveric model should not alter the joint stability (intact periarticular soft tissues) but has to limit Hallux range of motion. The model we present successfully recreates HR by limiting MTPJ dorsiflexion. The absence of stiffness change shows that joint congruity and isometry were not modified. There are a few reports that state a PF shortening as the first stage in HR. This would lead to a hinge-like MTPJ dorsiflexion, creating a dorsal metatarsal head impingement that could evolve to a dorsal exostosis.
Can Specific Implant Designs Implicate Variations in Outcomes of Total Ankle Arthroplasty? A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhao Dahang , Huang Dichao , Wang Chen , Ma Xin Xin 
Published: September 2017

Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Some complications of total ankle arthroplasty could not be reduced by improvement of surgeon experience. The purposes of the study were to determine whether there were variations in term of (1) intraoperative complications, (2) postoperative complication, (3) reoperation, revision and failure, and (4) postoperative radiographic findings among different studies. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted. There were 953 for initial review. Initially, 136 irrelevant records, 174 review articles, 46 case reports and 1 retracted paper were excluded. Of the remaining 596 papers, 23 ultimately met our inclusion for final review. Results: Intraoperative fractures rates were higher studies of BP-type. Most of the pain or stiffness, malalignments, impingements, cysts were occurred in studies of STAR, HINTEGRA, Agility and Salto. Polyethylene insert fractures were occurred in most studies of STAR. Ten reported postoperative osseous fractures which all resulted from patients used STAR and BP-type. Reoperation rates were higher in studies of STAR, BP-type, Agility and Salto. Arthrodesis rates were lower from HINTEGRA. Arthrodesis rates from STAR, BP-type and Salto were higher than their revision rates. Periprosthetic lucency rates were lower from studies of HINTEGRA. The lucency rates of tibia were higher than talus. Cyst could be more easily observed from studies of STAR, Agility and Salto. All the osteoarthritis were reported in studies of STAR, BP-type and Agility. Conclusion: Currently the complication rates of TAA significantly decrease with modern implants, surgeons experience and patients selection. Some design-specific features of different prostheses were found in our study which could implicate variations in the complications and radiographic findings. We believed that these result could further improve the implant design.
Mandibular advancement and obstructive sleep apnoea: a method for determining effective mandibular protrusion
Authors: Dort L. C. , Hadjuk E. , Remmers J. E. 
Published: September 2017

The objectives of the study were to test the hypotheses that it is possible, during routine polysomnography (PSG), to prospectively identify favourable candidates for mandibular repositioning appliance (MRA) therapy in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and to accurately estimate an optimal protrusive distance at which to fabricate the MRA.A series of subjects underwent a remotely controlled mandibular positioner (RCMP) test during PSG monitoring. The ability of the RCMP test to eliminate OSA and the target protrusion at which that occurred was compared with the success of a custom oral MRA in the 33 subjects who completed the protocol.The RCMP test was a success in 15 subjects and a failure in 18 subjects. Appliance therapy was initiated in 38 subjects and completed in 33. MRA therapy was successful at target protrusion in 80% of subjects who had a successful RCMP test and failed in 78% of those who failed the RCMP test.In conclusion the remotely controlled mandibular positioner test outcome demonstrated a statistically significant association with mandibular repositioning appliance outcome. The target protrusion determined during the remotely controlled mandibular positioner test was the effective therapeutic protrusion in subjects with a successful remotely controlled mandibular positioner test.
Inhibition of mast cell PGD2release protects against mannitol-induced airway narrowing
Authors: Brannan J. D. , Gulliksson M. , Anderson S. D. , Chew N. , Seale J. P. , Kumlin M. 
Published: September 2017

Mannitol inhalation increases urinary excretion of 9α,11β-prostaglandin F2(a metabolite of prostaglandin D2and marker of mast cell activation) and leukotriene E4. The present study tested the hypothesis that β2-adrenoreceptor agonists and disodium cromoglycate (SCG) protect against mannitol-induced bronchoconstriction by inhibition of mast cell mediator release.Fourteen asthmatic subjects inhaled mannitol (mean dose 252±213 mg) in order to induce a fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of ≥25%. The same dose was given 15 min after inhalation of formoterol fumarate (24 µg), SCG (40 mg) or placebo. Pre- and post-challenge urine samples were analysed by enzyme immunoassay for 9α,11β-prostaglandin F2and leukotriene E4.The maximum fall in FEV1of 32±10% on placebo was reduced by 95% following formoterol and 63% following SCG. Following placebo, there was an increase in median urinary 9α,11β-prostaglandin F2concentration from 61 to 92 ng·mmol creatinine−1, but no significant increase in 9α,11β-prostaglandin F2concentration in the presence of either formoterol (69versus67 ng·mmol creatinine−1) or SCG (66versus60 ng·mmol creatinine−1). The increase in urinary leukotriene E4following placebo (from 19 to 31 ng·mmol creatinine−1) was unaffected by the drugs.These results support the hypothesis that the drug effect on airway response to mannitol is due to inhibition of mast cell prostaglandin D2release.
Effect of prior statin therapy on capillary permeability in the lungs after cardiac or vascular surgery
Authors: van de Visse E. P. , van der Heijden M. , Verheij J. , van Nieuw Amerongen G. P. , van Hinsbergh V. W. M. , Girbes A. R. J. , Groeneveld A. B. J. 
Published: September 2017

Cholesterol-lowering statins can ameliorate severe forms of vascular hyperpermeability in experimental studies, and may thereby ameliorate acute lung injury and sepsis. It is unknown whether this also applies to humans. This study aimed to define whether or not prior statin therapy reduces mild post-operative increases in pulmonary capillary protein permeability associated with acute lung injury after cardiac or major vascular surgery.A prospective observational study was performed in an intensive care unit of a university hospital on 64 patients, 37 after elective cardiac and 27 after major vascular surgery, of whom 68 and 44%, respectively, had received prior statin therapy. A mobile probe system was used to measure the pulmonary leak index (PLI),i.e.the transvascular transport rate of gallium-67-radiolabelled transferrin.For all of the patients together, the mean PLI did not differ between the statin and control groups (22.9versus24.4×10−3 min−1). The prevalence of an elevated PLI was 57% in the statin and 59% in the control group. Subgroup analysis did not reveal significant differences caused by statins in the PLI of these patients.Prior statin therapy neither has an adverse effect on mildly increased pulmonary capillary permeability in patients after cardiac or major vascular surgery nor does it ameliorate this increased capillary permeability.
Selexipag for the treatment of connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Gaine Sean , Chin Kelly , Coghlan Gerry , Channick Richard , Di Scala Lilla , Galiè Nazzareno , Ghofrani Hossein-Ardeschir , Lang Irene M. , McLaughlin Vallerie , Preiss Ralph , Rubin Lewis J. , Simonneau Gérald , Sitbon Olivier , Tapson Victor F. , Hoeper Marius M. 
Published: September 2017

Patients with connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH-CTD) have a poor prognosis compared with other aetiologies. The underlying CTD can influence treatment response and outcomes. We characterised the GRIPHON study PAH-CTD subgroup and evaluated response to selexipag.Of 334 patients with PAH-CTD, PAH was associated with systemic sclerosis (PAH-SSc) in 170, systemic lupus erythematosus (PAH-SLE) in 82 and mixed CTD/CTD-other in 82. For the primary composite endpoint of morbidity/mortality, hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models.Compared with the overall GRIPHON population, the CTD subgroup was slightly older with a greater proportion of females and shorter time since diagnosis. Patients with PAH-SSc appeared to be more impaired at baseline, with a more progressive disease course. The converse was observed for PAH-SLE. Selexipag reduced the risk of composite morbidity/mortality events in patients with PAH-CTD by 41% (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.41–0.85). Treatment effect was consistent irrespective of baseline PAH therapy or CTD subtype (interaction p=0.87 and 0.89, respectively). Adverse events were predominately prostacyclin-related and known for selexipag treatment.GRIPHON has allowed the comprehensive characterisation of patients with PAH-CTD. Selexipag delayed progression of PAH and was well-tolerated among PAH-CTD patients, including those with PAH-SSc and PAH-SLE.
Evaluation of the impact of six different DNA extraction methods for the representation of the microbial community associated with human chronic wound infections using a gel-based DNA profiling method
Authors: Dilhari Ayomi , Sampath Asanga , Gunasekara Chinthika , Fernando Neluka , Weerasekara Deepaka , Sissons Chris , McBain Andrew , Weerasekera Manjula 
Published: September 2017

AbstractInfected chronic wounds are polymicrobial in nature which include a diverse group of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Majority of these communal microorganisms are difficult to grow in vitro. DNA fingerprinting methods such as polymerase chain reaction-denaturation gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) facilitate the microbial profiling of complex ecosystems including infected chronic wounds. Six different DNA extraction methods were compared for profiling of the microbial community associated with chronic wound infections using PCR-DGGE. Tissue debris obtained from chronic wound ulcers of ten patients were used for DNA extraction. Total nucleic acid was extracted from each specimen using six DNA extraction methods. The yield, purity and quality of DNA was measured and used for PCR amplification targeting V2–V3 region of eubacterial 16S rRNA gene. QIAGEN DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (K method) produced good quality genomic DNA compared to the other five DNA extraction methods and gave a broad diversity of bacterial communities in chronic wounds. Among the five conventional methods, bead beater/phenol–chloroform based DNA extraction method with STES buffer (BP1 method) gave a yield of DNA with a high purity and resulted in a higher DGGE band diversity. Although DNA extraction using heat and NaOH had the lowest purity, DGGE revealed a higher bacterial diversity. The findings suggest that the quality and the yield of genomic DNA are influenced by the DNA extraction protocol, thus a method should be carefully selected in profiling a complex microbial community.
Brain fag syndrome: a culture-bound syndrome that may be approaching extinction
Authors: Ayonrinde Oyedeji A. , Obuaya Chiedu , Adeyemi Solomon Olusola 
Published: September 2017

Aims and methodTo explore the current salience of ‘brain fag’ as a nosological, diagnostic and clinical construct in modern West African psychiatry. A semi-structured questionnaire and vignette based on classical symptoms of brain fag syndrome were used to explore current knowledge, explanatory models and practice among Nigerian psychiatrists.ResultsOf 102 psychiatrists who responded, 98% recognised the term ‘brain fag syndrome’ and most recognised the scenario presented. However, only 22% made a diagnosis of brain fag syndrome in their practice preferring diagnoses of anxiety, affective and somatic disorders.Clinical implicationsA decreasing number of Nigerian psychiatrists are making a diagnosis of ‘brain fag syndrome’. We found strong evidence of nosological and diagnostic decline in the syndrome in its place of birth. This may signal the early extinction of this disorder or nosological metamorphosis from a ‘culture-bound’ syndrome in West African psychiatric practice.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BEARING CAPACITY OF REINFORCED AND NON-REINFORCED RAILWAY EMBANKMENT
Authors: Jíra Josef , Jírová Jitka , Micka Michal , Řezníčková Jitka 
Published: September 2017

A comparative analysis using the programme ANSYS (FEM) deals with the generation of the computation model and with the assessment of the influence of the geogrids and the vertical lime-cement columns on the bearing capacity and deformation of the railway embankment on the less load-bearing subsoil. The graphic outputs give an overview of the field layout of equivalent stresses and deformation in the construction of the railway substructure.
Synthesis and Comparative Study on Intergranular Corrosion Characteristics of Stabilized 5A Grade Cast Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Aneesh Kumar P. , Kumaresh Babu S. P. , Shaji Varghese Asish 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this paper, stabilization using zirconium and niobium was investigated to reduce the effect of intergranular corrosion (IGC) in 5A grade cast duplex stainless steel. Computational thermodynamic software was used to determine the various heat treatment temperatures according to phase precipitation. Resistance to IGC was investigated by oxalic acid etch test and double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) technique. The surface of the specimens was observed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry to evaluate the presence of various intermetallic phases prone to IGC. Oxalic acid etch test response has indicated the susceptibility, whereas the DL-EPR test has provided the degree of sensitization. The results revealed that zirconium-stabilized samples are more susceptible to IGC compared to the niobium samples. Earlier formation of niobium compounds led to the reduction of intergranular attack in the niobium-stabilized samples.
Government Policies and Ethnical Diversity Under Multiculturalism: The Study of Pohuwato Regency
Authors: Wantu Sastro M 
Published: September 2017

This paper describes the construction of ethnic integration in Pohuwato local government policies which is supported by community under Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversiy) and multiculturalism. This research employed qualitative approach with the aim of tracing and analyzing social harmony from various ethnicities existing in society and government policy Pohuwato Regency. The instruments of the study included data, facts and concepts that were relevant. This study aimed to see the problem of segregation within societies by primordial groups to solve ethnic integration in which ethnic groups are bound together. There are two regional policies (1) controlling inter-ethnic relations and constructing the model of Gorontalo community as an important element of social, cultural and political aspect which uphold openness and tolerance; and (2) using deliberative public space in order to achieve harmonious atmosphere between public (community) with the government in protecting the diversity. Therefore, it can be concluded that ethnic communities residing in Pohuwato Regency are bound to unite by the desire to improve new and better lives between immigrants and local communities. This desire becomes a symbol of unity based on mutual respect for different values to achieve the integration or unity of multicultural ethnic groups.
Bakul: Contribution of Rural Women to Family Economy through Informal Sector Activities
Authors: Arsal Thriwaty , Basri Muhammad , Tono Sumartono 
Published: September 2017

Economic contribution of bakul women (small tradeswomen) was manifested in informal sector activities such as merchants, laborers, homeworkers, and family workers. Rural society activities indicated cooperation between men and women. One job conducted by women in informal sector was bakul. The work is a progress for women regarding work division; however, it is also a challenge, especially for children education in the family. Research location was in Gunungpati Subdistrict, Semarang City. The research was conducted using qualitative approach. Research result shows that bakul women worked in informal sector to fulfill economic need of the family because the income from their husband was insufficient to fulfill daily needs thus they tried to look for additional income. Various types of empowerment for bakul women had been conducted either from the internal of bakul itself or from external. Through the empowerment, they were able to fulfill their daily needs such as to buy clothes, to send their children to school, to buy rice and side dishes, and even to give donation for the provision of basic needs.
The Economic Functions of Cross-Border Activities of Skouw Sae Community, Jayapuraconomic Functions of Cross-Border Activities of Skouw Sae Community, Jayapura
Authors: Usman La 
Published: September 2017

This article aims to illustrate the economic functions of cross-border done by Skouw Sae community residents, Muara Tami District, Jayapura City to Wutung Vanimo Village, Papua New Guinea (PNG) using ethnographic approach. This study reveals seven economic functions of cross-border activity. These seven functions include fulfilling the family’s nutritional needs of a long-term food preparation idea system, apprehending the meaning of the land as a source of life, meeting the needs of salvation through protection and defense of religion through purchasing beverages for Christmas and leaving the idea system of Jesus Christ as the source Love, fulfilling the need for relaxation through school vacation activities and inheriting the idea system of the need for a refresher to familiarize the family, meeting the needs of the movement through village leaders’ visits to bring the leaders of the two communities together and inherit the idea system of formal and symbol leaders, meeting the needs of growth through traditional educational activities within the family and inheriting a system of ideas for the necessity of teaching for men. In conclusion, the economic function of cross-border activity is not only done to fulfill basic needs, but also the institutional needs and symbolism of local residents.
Causes and Effects of Online Video Game Playing among Junior-Senior High School Students in Malang East Java
Authors: Eskasasnanda I Dewa Putu 
Published: September 2017

Science and technology development causes a lot of changes in any fields including the form of popular games among the Junior and Senior High School students in Indonesia. The traditional games that are famous formerly have been replaced by the modern games like online video game. This article discusses the cause and effect of the online video game playing on the Junior and Senior High Schools students in Malang. This study reveal that students play video games online due to peers pressure; and online video games are liked because they are considered more modern, practical, realistic and varied. Initially, students play online video games to relieve the fatigue due to studying at school, but subsequently, they are becoming addicted, and reach a condition that they find it difficult to stop playing games. This condition will directly affect their achievement in school.
Memoria Refugio Pavón
Authors: Troncoso Valencia Lorena 
Published: September 2017

El Refugio Pavón, de la arquitecta Lorena Troncoso Valencia, ubicado en la comuna de Pinto, región de Ñuble de Chile, se emplaza en una pequeña zona sin árboles en medio del bosque, permitiendo un mayor asoleamiento y una vista destacada del refugio con vegetación frondosa a los costados y un gran murallón de piedra natural en el fondo. Predomina el uso de la madera en todo su componente arquitectónico creando espacios de una alta calidez.
A vesesejtes daganatok célzott terápiás kezelése, a terápia okozta mellékhatások és ellátásuk
Authors: Nagyiványi Krisztián , Géczi Lajos 
Published: September 2017

Abstract: Until the past decade, therapeutic options for unresectable and/or metastatic renal cell carcinoma were limited. Renal cell carcinoma is generally resistant to conventional chemotherapy, and only a small percentage of patients with renal cell carcinoma benefit from cytokine treatment. Since 2005, the advances in target-based therapy and immunotherapy modalities have created a paradigm shift in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Herein, we review the most up-to-date practices and emerging therapies for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and focus on the threrapy caused side-effects and side-effect management. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(38): 1488–1502.