bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palladium‐Catalyzed C(sp3)−H Activation in A Monoterpene‐Based Compound Under Mild Conditions: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Mechanistic Study
Authors: Kokina Tatiana E. , Shekhovtsov Nikita A. , Tkachev Alexey V. , Agafontsev Alexander M. , Gourlaouen Christophe , Bushuev Mark B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA rare example of the palladium–catalyzed sp3 C−H bond activation in a monoterpene‐based compound has been observed in the reaction of PdCl2 with a (+)‐3‐carene‐based ligand HL (HL=N‐((1aS,3S,7bR)‐1,1,3‐trimethyl‐7‐phenyl‐5‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1a,2,3,7b‐tetrahydro‐1H‐cyclopropa[f]quinolin‐3‐yl)acetamide), which yielded the [PdLCl] complex. In contrast to the vast majority of C(sp3)−H activation reactions which require prolonged heating and mixing due to the inert character of the corresponding bond, the reaction reported herein proceeds rapidly under mild conditions. A theoretical insight into the ligand deprotonation has been performed by DFT calculations. The mechanism of the C−H activation involves (i) simultaneous coordination of the CH3 group of HL to the Pd2+ ion and decoordination of the Cl− anion with consequent formation of a Cl⋅⋅⋅H−N hydrogen bond with the amide group, (ii) approximation of the out‐of‐sphere Cl− anion to one of the hydrogen atoms of the CH3 group mediated by the crane motion of the amide group and (iii) the ejection of the HCl molecule, which increases the entropy of the system and serves as a driving force for the reaction.
Exploring the psychological antecedents of suppliers' sustainability practices: A qualitative investigation in the Indian textile industry
Authors: Sahu Rahul , Niranjan Tarikere T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe uncertainties associated with modern businesses complicate decision‐making, especially in complex supply chains, such as those of the textile industry, which has its hub in emerging South Asian countries. Using the Indian textile industry as the research setting, this paper explores from a psychological lens how suppliers process uncertainties while adopting sustainability practices. The study uncovers certification agencies, interpersonal trust between suppliers and buyers, and suppliers' size, as key constructs that influence how suppliers perceive and process risks and ambiguities, and in turn how that influences their adoption of sustainability practices. Combining these empirical insights with the stakeholder and relational view theories, we develop a comprehensive framework to model suppliers' sustainability decision‐making in the face of uncertainty. This study uncovers nuances of uncertainty aversion, which provide valuable insights for practitioners while also breaking fertile ground for future academic research to quantify the emergent propositions.
Porous Silicon‐Supported Catalytic Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage
Authors: Wang Man , Ou Wei‐Cheng , Yu Zhen‐Tao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPorous silicon (Si) has a tetrahedral structure similar to that of sp3‐hybridized carbon atoms in a typical diamond structure, which affords it unique chemical and physical properties including an adjustable intrinsic bandgap, a high‐speed carrier transfer efficiency. It has shown great potential in photocatalysis, rechargeable batteries, solar cells, detectors, and electrocatalysis. This review introduces various porous Si‐supported electrocatalysts and analyzes the reasons why porous Si is used as a new carrier/active sites from the perspectives of its molecular structure, electronic properties, synthesis methods, etc. The electrochemical applications of porous Si‐based electrocatalysts in energy conversion reactions such as hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, and total water decomposition together with lithium‐ion battery and supercapacitor in energy storage are summarized. The challenges and future research directions for porous Si are also discussed. This review aims to deepen the understanding of porous Si and promote the development and applications of this new type of Si material.
Combinative effects of thinning and prescribed burning on fuel reduction and soil arthropods: A case study in a Mediterranean pine forest
Authors: Longeard Pauline , Santonja Mathieu , Morandini Fréderic , Gibernau Marc , Nadarajah Sugahendni , Belliard Pauline , Feignier Nathalie , Massaiu Antonella , Andrei‐Ruiz Marie‐Cécile , Ferrat Lila 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWildfire pressure involves today to implement silvicultural practices that provide a good compromise between reducing fire risk and maintaining ecological functioning. Thinning reduces tree density and low branches, but results in the deposition of a considerable biomass of woody debris on the ground (up to 4800 g m2 in this study). They can be eliminated by prescribed burning, but this raises questions about the fire intensity that can be generated and the impact on soil fauna. We undertook the monitoring of a thinning and prescribed burning operation, separated and combined, in November 2020, in a Pinus laricio stand prone to fire risk, located in Bavella, Corsica. Fuel load was determined, and temperature measurements in the soil were performed using K‐type thermocouples. Soil arthropod populations were monitored using pitfall traps, in particular Collembola, Acari, Aranae, and Coleoptera. The combination of thinning and burning resulted in a fire intensity of 75.8 versus 8.4 kW m−1 for burning alone. Maximum temperature rise measured at −2 cm below the surface was less than 5°C for both treatments. The combination of thinning and burning did not result in higher fire intensity at ground level than burning alone, and the soil showed high insulation capacity. Most of the woody debris that burned was small‐diameter, and large‐diameter debris remained unconsumed. This burning, performed during a period of low biological activity, had no effect on soil arthropods, and the presence of large debris may have provided refuge areas. Collembola group was the faster to recover, and were followed by cohorts of predators in summer, especially Acari. Our results suggest that a combination of burning and thinning in autumn may be beneficial for fire prevention. However, the decomposition of woody debris in relation to fire risk, and the occurrence of pests after these treatments need to be monitored.
Generalist species exhibit more genetic structure in comparison to a habitat specialist: Evidence from a phylogeographic study of two freshwater crabs (Decapoda: Potamonautidae: Potamonautes), implications for habitat conservation
Authors: Grobler Petrus C. J. , Daniels Savel R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring the present study, the phylogeography of the wetland specialist, freshwater crab, Potamonautes flavusjo, was investigated and compared to that of the ubiquitous, generalist, P. sidneyi, using DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit one (COI). We inferred the evolutionary history of each species and compared their population‐level genetic structure by constructing haplotype networks and using an analysis of molecular variation. Additionally, we explored the evolutionary relationship between southern African lentic and lotic freshwater crab species by examining the usefulness of carapace attributes in relation to genetic indices and a species' assumed dispersal capacity. In the lentic species, P. flavusjo, a single interconnected haplocluster characterized by shared haplotypes was observed, suggesting marked maternal dispersal, a result corroborated by the low FST values. In contrast, for the lotic species, P. sidneyi two distinct haploclusters and marked genetic differentiation was observed indicating the absence of maternal dispersal, a result corroborated by the high FST values. The phylogenetic relationship in P. sidneyi was further investigated using a maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses with the addition of sequence data from the mitochondrial 16S rRNA locus to estimate divergence times. Three species delimitation methods (ASAP, PTP, and bGMYC) were used to explore the presence of distinct lineages in P. sidneyi. The phylogenetic results indicated that within P. sidneyi two clades were present, while divergence time estimates suggest cladogenesis during the middle to late Pleistocene. The species delimitation methods used showed moderate congruence, however all oversplit the number of putative lineages. Our results indicated that P. sidneyi is a species complex comprised of two cryptic lineages, occurring in sympatry contemporarily possibly alluding to secondary contact. Carapace height was found to have no discernible influence on the genetic indices and presumed dispersal capabilities of mainland southern African freshwater crab species. The importance of our results are discussed in terms of conservation of freshwater habitats.
Between science, authority, and responsibility: Exploring institutional logics to rethink climate governance
Authors: Keiff Sébastien , Talbot David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article explores the logics mobilized by stakeholders involved in national climate governance to identify ways of conciliating them for sound governance. Based on the theoretical framework of institutional logics, the study offers an innovative perspective on climate governance and the management of green funds. Content analysis of the briefs submitted (N = 46) to a public hearing in Quebec (Canada) reveals three competing institutional logics: scientific governance, authority‐based governance, and participative governance. The results of this research have significant managerial and political implications for our understanding of the interactions between the different logics and for identifying ways to optimize climate governance. It also addresses essential but under‐researched aspects of national climate governance and green fund management.
Maximum information coefficient combined with IMPA‐ELM model for load regulation assessment
Authors: Wu Youzhong , Tang Lei , Liu Zhitian , Li Xia , Pang Qingqing , Yang Mingfang , Gong Yanyan , Zhou Mengran , Hu Feng , Zhou Guangyao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn smart grid and smart building environments, accurate forecasting of load demand in residential buildings is of critical importance. This helps to enhance the stability of the power system, facilitate the integration of distributed renewable energy sources, and develop efficient demand response strategies. In view of this, this paper proposes a day‐ahead power load regulation assessment model based on the maximum information coefficient (MIC) combined with an improved Marine Predators Algorithm (IMPA) to optimize the extreme learning machine (ELM). The daily lagged load is used to construct the initial feature set, and the MIC is used for feature selection to filter out the top five features with the largest values. The MPA improvement strategy includes self‐mapping to generate chaotic sequence initialization and boundary mutation operations. The experimental results show that the proposed model has the optimal performance in evaluating the load regulation amount compared to other models. Taking Mean Absolute Error (MAE) as an example, compared with ELM and MPA‐ELM, IMPA‐ELM improved by 13.85% and 3.04%, respectively.
Lanthanides in the water electrolysis
Authors: Gaur Ashish , Sharma Jatin , Enkhbayar Enkhtuvshin , Cho Min Su , Ryu Jeong Ho , Han HyukSu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe most feasible technique for producing green hydrogen is water electrolysis. In recent years, there has been significant study conducted on the use of transition metal compounds as electrocatalysts for both anodes and cathodes. Peoples have attempted several strategies to improve the electrocatalytic activity of their original structure. One such technique involves introducing rare earth metals or creating heterostructures with compounds based on rare earth metals. The incorporation of rare earth metals significantly enhances the activity by many folds, while their compounds offer structural stability and the ability to manipulate the electronic properties of the original system. These factors have led to a recent boom in investigations on rare earth metal‐based electrocatalysts. There is currently a pressing demand for a review article that can provide a comprehensive overview of the scientific advancements and elucidate the mechanistic aspects of the impact of lanthanide doping. This review begins by explaining the electronic structure of the lanthanides. We next examine the mechanistic aspects, followed by recent advancements in lanthanide doping and heterostructure formation for water electrolysis applications. It is expected that this particular effort will benefit a broad audience and stimulate more research in this area of interest.image
Stock Price Limit and Its Predictability in the Chinese Stock Market
Authors: Liang Haohui , Hu Yujia 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTWe study the short‐term predictability of price limit hits. This limit on the trading price is a policy measure imposed with the intention of stabilizing the markets and has been in place for several decades in the Chinese stock markets. We employ feature engineering on past return data and train machine learning models for each individual stock. The results show that a mildly complex model based on ensembling and downsampling the historical information of the majority class (“non‐hit” samples) can substantially improve the forecast performance of a naive guess of 50% to about 66% in terms of balanced classification accuracy between true positives and true negatives. We also find that price limit hits of older stocks and of stocks belonging to the tertiary sector are more predictable. We interpret this result with the argument that certain stocks with a longer history are more susceptible to speculative behavior, thus increasing the probability and predictability of such price limit hits.
Gut microbiota alterations and associations with nutrients in children with celiac disease
Authors: Ertaş Öztürk Yasemin , Karabudak Efsun , Eğritaş Gürkan Ödül , Dalgıç Buket 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCeliac disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that is not well understood in relation to the microbiome. Our objective was to demonstrate changes in the microbiota and the relationships between nutrients in children with celiac disease (CD) who followed a gluten‐free diet (GFD). A group of 11 children who were recently diagnosed with CD, ranging in age from 3 to 12, were monitored for a period of 6 months. GFD is designed based on the individual's specific energy and nutrient needs, with strict control over dietary adherence. Food consumption, blood, and fecal samples were taken. Fecal samples were put through 16s rRNA sequencing. Microbial modifications were demonstrated using alpha diversity, beta diversity, nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis (NDMS), t‐test, and metastats. Mean age was 6.4 ± 2.66 years and 54.5% were male participants. Serological parameters were negative after 6 months. Both unweighted (p = .019) and weighted (p = .021) Unifrac distances were higher before GFD, and differences were reliable according to NDMS analysis (stress = 0.189). The abundance of Bacteroides ovatus was increased (p = .014), whereas unidentified Lachnospiraceae, Paeniclostridium, Paraclostridium Peptostreptococcus, and Dielma were decreased after GFD (p < .001). Associations between nutrients and several genera and species were identified. The presence of genus Bifidobacterium and Bifidobacterium adolescentis was inversely associated with fat intake after GFD (p < .01). Microbiota changes became evident over a period of 6 months. The presence or absence of small bacteria may play a role in the development of CD. Modifying the children's dietary intake can potentially influence the microbial composition.
P2X7 expression patterns in the developing Fmr1‐knockout mouse hippocampus
Authors: Napier Matthew , Kumar Ashish , Szulist Natasha , Martin Dale , Scott Angela L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFragile‐X Syndrome (FXS) is the leading monogenetic cause of intellectual disability among children but remains without a cure. Using the Fmr1 KO mouse model of FXS, much work has been done to understand FXS hippocampus dysfunction. Purinergic signaling, where ATP and its metabolites are used as signaling molecules, participates in hippocampus development, but it is unknown if purinergic signaling is affected in the developing Fmr1 KO hippocampus. In our study, we characterized the purinergic receptor P2X7. We first found that P2X7 was reduced in Fmr1 KO whole hippocampus tissue at P14 and P21, corresponding to the periods of neurite outgrowth and synaptic refinement in the hippocampus. We then evaluated the cell‐specific expression of P2X7 with immunofluorescence and found differences between WT and Fmr1 KO mice in P2X7 colocalization with hippocampal microglia and neurons. P2X7 colocalized more with microglia at P14 and P21, but there was a sex‐specific reduction in P2X7 colocalization with neurons. In contrast, male mice at P14 and P21 showed reduced neuronal P2X7 colocalization compared to females, but only females showed reduced absolute neuronal P2X7 expression across the dorsal hippocampal formation. Together, our results suggest that P2X7 expression is altered during Fmr1‐KO hippocampal development, potentially influencing several developmental processes in the Fmr1‐KO hippocampus formation.
Severe relapse after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with co‐occurrence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and Sjögren's syndrome: A case report
Authors: Zhu Man‐Min , Xu Zu‐Cai , Yu Chang‐Yin , Huang Hao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a group of autoimmune disorders characterized by inflammatory involvement of the optic nerve, spinal cord, and central nervous system. NMOSD is often associated with other autoimmune disorders, including Sjogren's syndrome (SS). While NMOSD typically occurs at a peak in young or older individuals, the coexistence of NMOSD and SS in a youngster is rare. Here, we presented a case of a 14‐year‐old girl with NMOSD and SS who responded well to immunosuppressive therapy but experienced a severe relapse after discontinuation of therapy. We described the clinical course of a case over 8 years, underscoring the importance of long‐term treatment for NMOSD and SS. This case, along with the review of relevant literature, will raise awareness of this type of disease and facilitate early diagnosis and treatment to avoid serious sequelae.
A retrospective analysis of the relationship between dermatomyositis‐associated interstitial lung disease and disease duration, age, arterial blood gas pH, and serum Cl− levels
Authors: Zhang Xu , Wei Xuemei , Luan Xiaojuan , Li Xiujuan , Dong Jin , Nan Jingzhu , Gao Yanhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDermatomyositis‐associated interstitial lung disease (DM‐ILD) represents a severe and insidious complication of dermatomyositis (DM). The study aimed to investigate the association between DM‐ILD and arterial blood gas indices, serum ion levels, and the timing of interstitial lung disease onset, with the goal of identifying potential predictors for DM‐ILD.MethodsThe investigation involved the collection of basic data from 89 patients with DM hospitalized at the Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 2019 and April 2022, and 43 normal control patients hospitalized for physical examinations during the same period. Analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between DM‐ILD, arterial blood gas indices, disease duration, and serum ions. A regression model to predict DM‐ILD was developed using these indices, and a receiver operating characteristic curve was generated.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in pH and PaO2 between the control group and the disease group (p < 0.05). The DM group exhibited higher levels of pH, actual bicarbonate, and base excess (BE) compared with the control group. In contrast, pH and BE levels were lower in the DM‐ILD group than in the DM group, with these differences being statistically significant (p < 0.05). Interstitial lung disease was correlated with the duration of the disease and pH levels (p < 0.05). The cutoff values for age, disease duration, pH, and Cl− were 55.5 years, 5.5 years, 7.432, and 101.5 mmol/L, respectively. The model demonstrated a prediction sensitivity and specificity for DM‐ILD of 0.809 and 0.722, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.809.ConclusionArterial blood gas analysis and serum Cl− levels may assist in predicting DM‐ILD. A combined monitoring approach involving arterial blood gas pH, disease duration, age, and serum Cl− levels could enhance the accuracy of DM‐ILD predictions and hold significant clinical evaluation potential.
A Novel Dual Attention Approach for DNN Based Automated Diabetic Retinopathy Grading
Authors: Ovi Tareque Bashar , Bashree Nomaiya , Nyeem Hussain , Wahed Md Abdul , Rhythm Faiaz Hasanuzzaman , Alam Ayat Subah 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDiabetic retinopathy (DR) poses a serious threat to vision, emphasising the need for early detection. Manual analysis of fundus images, though common, is error‐prone and time‐intensive. Existing automated diagnostic methods lack precision, particularly in the early stages of DR. This paper introduces the Soft Convolutional Block Attention Module‐based Network (Soft‐CBAMNet), a deep learning network designed for severity detection, which features Soft‐CBAM attention to capture complex features from fundus images. The proposed network integrates both the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) and the soft‐attention components, ensuring simultaneous processing of input features. Following this, attention maps undergo a max‐pooling operation, and refined features are concatenated before passing through a dropout layer with a dropout rate of 50%. Experimental results on the APTOS dataset demonstrate the superior performance of Soft‐CBAMNet, achieving an accuracy of 85.4% in multiclass DR grading. The proposed architecture has shown strong robustness and general feature learning capability, achieving a mean AUC of 0.81 on the IDRID dataset. Soft‐CBAMNet's dynamic feature extraction capability across all classes is further justified by the inspection of intermediate feature maps. The model excels in identifying all stages of DR with increased precision, surpassing contemporary approaches. Soft‐CBAMNet presents a significant advancement in DR diagnosis, offering improved accuracy and efficiency for timely intervention.
Commentary to: An integrated historical study on human–tiger interactions in China
Authors: Villalva Pablo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe tiger holds a revered position in Chinese culture, symbolizing power and strength, yet its coexistence with human populations has often been marked by tension and conflict. Understanding the historical dynamics of human‐tiger relations is essential for comprehending the current state of tiger populations and shaping future coexistence with the species. The article “An integrated historical study on human‐tiger interactions in China” examines several aspects of human attitudes toward tigers across varying dynasties, revealing striking differences, with some periods marked by intense exploitation and others characterized by greater tolerance. While the article discusses a number of interesting historical and current issues that help the reader to better understand human–tiger relations, it does not mention significant issues such as the practice of tiger farming, which appears to be a major area of human–tiger interaction as the number of captive tigers is now double that of wild populations. It is also important to consider the fundamental role of legislation in shaping human‐tiger interactions in China. This commentary aims to complement the article's vision by addressing these gaps and offering valuable guidance for policymakers and conservationists working toward long‐term human‐tiger coexistence in China.