bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solifenacin versus Tolterodine in Catheter-Related Bladder Spasms following Prostatectomy; A Randomized Triple-blind Study.
Authors: Oyelowo Nasir , Nkemdilim Oyetola Okonji Ifeyinwa , Sudi Abdullahi , Khalid Abdullahi , Musliu Adetola Tolani , Agbo Christian Agbo , Muhammed Salihu Muhammed , Ahmed Muhammed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Bladder spasms are common during the immediate postoperative period while the urethral catheter is insitu following prostatectomy. This often presents in the form of urgency, intense suprapubic pain, increased bleeding, and pericatheter leakage of urine. This is due to involuntary contractions of detrusor muscle stimulated by the bladder mucosa's irritation by the urethral catheter's ballon in situ. These bladder spasms post-prostatectomy can be inhibited using selective antimuscarinics such as Solifenacin and tolterodine. Both have been found efficacious in relieving patients with overactive bladder syndrome and urinary incontinence. The efficacy and tolerability of these agents in post-prostatectomy patients with bladder spasms were reviewed to guide treatment decisions.
Methods: Patients scheduled for prostatectomy for BPH from March 2022 to February 2023 were studied. Patients who had bladder spasms post-prostatectomy were allocated using simple randomization into two different groups; Group A received 10mg of Solifenacin daily and Group B 4mg of Tolterodine daily. Treatment was for a week from the onset of symptoms. The primary outcome measure was the resolution of spasms within the treatment period. Changes in pain scores were assessed using the visual analog scale, and the frequency of side effects of the therapy were secondary outcomes.
Results: A total of 126 had prostatectomy during the study period and 72(60%) of the patients had bladder spasms following the procedure and were randomized into both treatment arms. The age of the patients, approach to surgery, and clinical characteristics of the patients were similar in both groups and no statistically significant difference was seen. Complete resolution of symptoms was seen in 68% of patients in the Solifenacin group while in 59% of patients in the Tolterodine group. This was significant with p.value=0.001. The changes in mean pain scores were statistically significant in the two groups. 66.67% of patients in the Solifenacin group and 44.45% in the tolterodine group had side effects.
Conclusion: Six out of 10 patients are likely to have bladder spasms post-prostatectomy. Although both Solifenacin and tolterodine are efficacious in relieving symptoms, Solifenacin is superior and associated with more side effects.
Electrographic significance of Periodic Discharges and association with etiology and outcome in tertiary care hospital, a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Imtiaz Hina , Memon Zainab Aslam Saeed , Khan Ayisha Farooq , Kanwar Dureshahwar , Awan Safia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Periodic discharges in electroencephalograms (EEGs) represent rhythmic wave patterns and can indicate acute or subacute brain damage. Although they may predispose patients to seizures, not all are epileptiforms. This study focused on electrographical periodic discharges and aimed to elucidate their frequency, etiological associations, and clinical outcomes within a tertiary care hospital setting.
Results: This retrospective observational cohort study spanned two years, from January 2021 to January 2023. It included patients aged 18 years and above with EEG-confirmed periodic discharges. Data, including demographics, symptoms, EEG findings, neuroimaging results, treatment, and outcomes, were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 22.
Of the 41 patients analyzed, 51.2% were female, with an average age of approximately 58.5 years. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures were the most common clinical presentation (48.8%), with ischemic stroke as the leading etiological factor (31.7%). Lateralized periodic discharges (LPDs) were the most common EEG finding. Notably, 34% of patients exhibited chronic imaging changes, primarily encephalomalacia and gliosis. The majority (87.8%) were discharged home, with a minority (12.2%) experiencing mortality, often associated with status epilepticus or metabolic encephalopathy.
Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of recognizing periodic discharges in EEGs within the context of a tertiary care hospital. The findings of this study emphasize the potential gravity of periodic discharges, as indicated by mortality rates and functional outcomes. An improved understanding of these periodic discharges and their associated conditions can guide clinical decision-making and enhance patient care within tertiary care hospital settings.
Dual-fluorescence labeling of pseudorabies virus for live-cell tracking virus entry and replication
Authors: Wu Hongxia , Li Mingzhi , Pan Li , Xiang Guangtao , Li Lian-Feng , Wang Tao , Luo Rui , Li Yongfeng , Liu Di , Zhai Huanjie , Assad Moon , Song Xin , Wang Yanjin , Gallardo Franck , Sun Yuan , Qiu Huaji 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a neurotropic herpesvirus. It is not easy to tracking the whole replication progess of PRV, especially the nascent viral genome in the host cells. In this study, we developed a dual-fluorescence-labeled PRV (rPRV-Anchor3-mCherry) with the viral genome and the envelope protein gM labeled by Anchor DNA labeling system and mCherry, respectively. Through single-virus tracking of rPRV-Anchor3-mCherry, we observed that PRV invaded mouse neuroblastoma Neuro2a (N2a) cells via both endocytosis and plasma membrane fusion pathway. During the replication stage, parental and progeny viral genome of rPRV-Anchor3-mCherry in the cell nuclei could be visible, and viral nucleocapsid appeared more specifically than traditional capsid protein labeled PRV particles (rPRV-VP26-EGFP). We found that numerous progeny viral particles were produced in the nucleus, causing the nucleus membrane to break using three-dimensional (3D) live-cell imaging and electron microscopy. Moreover, Our findings confirmed that simultaneously targeting of the UL9 and UL54 genes using a CRISPR-Cas9 system led to the complete inhibit PRV replication. rPRV-Anchor3-mCherry can be used to research multiple steps of the viral cycle.
A Case of Lacrimal Gland Ductal Carcinoma: Clinical, Morphological and Genetic Characterization
Authors: Jin Yanlin , Wu Qinbo , Qian Lili , Ye Meihua , He Xianglei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Lacrimal gland ductal carcinoma is a rare, highly invasive tumor associated with a poor prognosis, arising from the lacrimal gland ductal epithelium. This study presents a rare case of lacrimal gland ductal carcinoma, analyzed through histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and whole-exome sequencing (WES) following surgical excision. Pathological examination confirmed a lacrimal gland ductal carcinoma with different structure features, including a solid pattern with comedo necrosis, cribriform pattern, and trabecular pattern. IHC assays demonstrated negative expression for P63, Calponin, CK5/6, SMA, S100, CK14, CD117, and GCDFP-15 in the tumor cells, while CK (Pan), EMA, and mammaglobin were positively expressed. Additionally, AR, GATA3, and HER-2 showed focal weak positivity. FISH analysis revealed a positive PLAG1 rearrangement and a negative HMAG1 rearrangement. WES revealed mutations in BAX, RB1, USP48, SDHB, COL17A1, COL6A6, PIK3CG, PIK3C2B, POLE, and APOBEC3G, suggesting these as potential driver genes in lacrimal gland ductal carcinoma. The patient remained alive at the time of this report.
Motor Skills and Neurological Soft Signs: Are They Only Clinical Differences or Reflection of Distinct Etiopathogenesis in Tic Disorder and Primary Stereotypic Movement Disorder?
Authors: Aliyev Ecem Selin Akbas , Ünal Dilek 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

While Tic Disorders (TD) and Stereotypic Movement Disorder (SMD) are commonly comorbid in pediatric clinics, their clinical and etiological differences remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the clinical features that differentiate between TD and primary SMD by evaluating neurological soft signs (NSS) and motor skills. The Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version DSM-5 (K-SADS-PL) and Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form were administered to the children and their parents. The clinician completed the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) and Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES). The Nine-Hole Peg Test was used for fine motor skills, the 1-Minute Sit-to-Stand Test for gross motor skills, the Flamingo Balance Test for static balance, and the Finger-to-Nose Test for bilateral coordination. Parents completed the Conners Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short Form (CPRS-RSF) and the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire-Revised (DCDQ-R). Our sample consisted of 20 TD, 20 primary SMD, 13 ADHD patients, and 20 healthy controls (HCs). Sequencing of the complex motor acts scores of NES were significantly higher in the SMD group than in HCs. The primary SMD group demonstrated significantly lower dominant hand performance on the Nine-Hole Peg Test than the TD group. Children with primary SMD had significantly lower scores of 1-minute sit-to-stand test; higher total and subscale scores of DCDQ-R and higher developmental coordination disorder risk than HCs. Our findings offer valuable insights into the distinct etiopathogenesis of TD and primary SMD, providing a foundation for future neurobiological research.
Contribution of ASE in the MOPA system output signal
Authors: Trigub Maxim V. , Vasnev Nikolai A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The paper is devoted to research the contribution of ASE in the MOPA system output signal and time dependence of the signal-to-noise ratio. The results demonstrate how the output signal depends on time delay between ASE of power amplifier and laser radiation of master oscillator. The time delay (td) varied over the wide range (‒36; +24) ns, where «+» sign that the input signal enters the quantum amplifier (power amplifier) before the formation of its ASE. The light waveforms (ASE, input signal, output signal) and power dependencies are presented. The contribution of ASE in each case is determined. The results allow to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio. The maximal value of the output radiation power was 3,87 W at time delay td = + 4.7 ns, when the first maximum of input signal is approximately consistent with the ASE front.
Factors Influencing Postoperative Sliding Distance in Elderly Patients with Intertrochanteric Fractures Treated with PFNA-II: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Wu Dongwei , Guo Haichuan , Li Jingqiao , Li Chengsi , Wang Tianyu , Yang Zhenbang , Cheng Xinqun , Zhu Yanbin , Zhang Yingze , Zhang Shian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Excessive sliding of intramedullary nails following surgical treatment of intertrochanteric fracture has been strongly associated with the development of mechanical complications and unfavorable results. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence the postoperative sliding distance in elderly patients treated with PFNA-II device for intertrochanteric fracture fixation.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of patients over 65 years old with intertrochanteric fractures using PFNA-II device in a university teaching hospital was performed between January 2020 and December 2021. Data on sociodemographics, comorbidities, operative procedure and postoperative radiographic sliding distance were collected. The Youden index was used to determine the threshold for excessive sliding, and the risk of mechanical complication in relation with excessive sliding was calculated using multivariate regression analysis. Also, potential factors influencing the slinding distance as a continuous outcome variable were investigated using univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis.
Result
Among the 507 eligible patients, the mean postoperative sliding distance was 4.45 mm (SD, 5.39 mm; range, 0-31.67 mm). The threshold for excessive sliding was determined as 6.75 mm, and 103 patients (20.3%) had excessive sliding, among whom 18 (17.5%) developed mechanical complications. The risk of postoperative mechanical complications was significantly higher in the excessive sliding group (adjusted OR = 14.714, 95% CI: 4.270–50.710, P < 0.001) than in non-excessive sliding group. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that older age (B = 0.061, 95% CI: 0.007–0.114, P = 0.026), poor reduction quality (B = 4.736, 95% CI: 1.236–8.235, P = 0.008), and subtype P in lateral view (B = 11.193, 95% CI: 6.836–15.549, P < 0.001) were positively correlated with postoperative sliding distance.
Conclusions
Age, reduction quality and LAT reduction mode are important predictors of helical blade sliding distance after intertrochanteric fracture surgery. Surgeons should pay close attention to these factors during preoperative planning and postoperative rehabilitation protocols.
Heterogeneity in Treatment Response for Patent Ductus Arteriosus: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Matsushita Felipe Yu , Krebs Vera Lúcia Jornada , de Carvalho Werther Brunow 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context:
While pharmacological interventions promote PDA closure, their impact on overall outcomes remains uncertain due to conflicting results. These inconsistent results indicate that the effectiveness of these treatments may vary considerable among preterm infants, suggesting potential heterogeneity.
Objective
This meta-analysis and meta-regression aimed to assess the effect of pharmacological interventions on mortality and PDA closure in preterm infants, while critically examining sources of heterogeneity.
Data Sources:
We searched Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE for relevant studies.
Study Selection:
Studies comparing ibuprofen, acetaminophen, indomethacin, or placebo/expectant management in preterm infants with PDA, where the outcome of interest was either mortality or PDA closure.
Data Extraction:
We extracted data on mortality, PDA closure, study design, and patient baseline characteristics following PRISMA guidelines. We used a random-effects model to account for the heterogeneity observed in the studies.
Results
Meta-analysis of 72 RCTs revealed that while interventions significantly improved PDA closure rates (OR 5.31, p < 0.00001), they did not consistently reduce mortality (OR 1.03, p = 0.84). Notably, interventions appeared to increase mortality in infants with hemodynamically significant PDA (OR 1.45, p = 0.05). Our analysis revealed substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 55%) and significant inconsistencies in outcome reporting across studies. Meta-regression models could not fully explain the observed variability.
Limitations:
Potential publication bias, incomplete patient-level data, and inconsistent definitions across studies.
Conclusions
The substantial heterogeneity underscores the complexity of PDA and the limitations of a one-size-fits-all approach. These findings strongly support a shift towards precision medicine in PDA treatment, focusing on identifying factors that predict individual response.
Potential predictive value of CD8A and PGF protein expression in gastric cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Chengjuan , Wang Tingjie , Yuan jing , Xu benling , Bai Ruihua , Tang Xiance , Zhang Xiaojie , Wu Minqing , Lei Tianqi , Xu Wenhao , Guo Yongjun , Li Ning 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Immunoneoadjuvant therapy has garnered considerable attention owing to significant strides in cancer treatment. We aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms underpinning immunoneoadjuvant therapy through a comprehensive multiomics analysis using samples from a registered clinical trial cohort.
Methods
Preoperative samples were collected from 16 patients, and postoperative samples were obtained from 12 among them. RNA-seq and Olink proteomics were employed to identify key genes before and after neoadjuvant treatment. The weighted coexpression network was constructed using Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Furthermore, the proportion of infiltrated immune cells was calculated using xCell based on normalized expression data derived from RNA-seq.
Results
Patients were stratified into T1 (good efficacy) and T2 (poor efficacy) groups based on Tumor Regression Grade (TRG) to neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Compared to the T2 group (TRG2 and TRG3), the T1 group (TRG0 and TRG1) showed significant differences in pathways related to inflammatory response and myeloid leukocyte activation. Furthermore, the T1 group exhibited elevated levels of CD8 + T cells and B cells. The top two factors with the highest area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve were CD8a molecule (CD8A) (1.000) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) (0.967). Additionally, the expression of Placenta Growth Factor (PGF) and TNF receptor superfamily member 21 (TNFRSF21) proteins significantly increased compared to the T2 group. High expression of CD8A and PGF were associated with favorable and poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients, respectively. Immunoinfiltration analysis revealed a positive correlation between CD8A and Dendritic Cell (DC) levels, while a negative correlation was observed with Myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) levels.
Conclusions
Through multiomics analysis, we discovered that CD8A is linked to enhanced treatment response and tumor regression. Conversely, PGF exhibited contrasting effects, hinting at a potential adverse influence on treatment outcomes.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease presenting as abnormal swallowing: a case report
Authors: Yao Dabao , Nie Luwei , Li Yunjie , Wang Jingxuan , Zhang Ping , Li Zhijun , Pan Chao , Liu Na , Tang Zhouping 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a newly classified demyelinating disease caused by the production of autoantibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). The initial clinical symptoms of MOGAD are varied, and MOGAD only presenting with abnormal swallowing function is rarely reported. The wide range of clinical phenotypes and diverse imaging features make the diagnosis of MOGAD difficult.
Case presentation
Herein, we report a case of MOGAD presented with 6 years of non-progressive mild difficulty swallowing, with episodes of choking and nausea. The patient was originally suspected of having neoplastic lesions and possibly lymphoma based on symptoms and radiologic manifestations. However, the neuropathological findings of brain biopsy showed demyelination without tumor cells. Further serum and cerebrospinal fluid testing was performed using a cell-based assay, which showed positive results for MOG antibodies. Neurological symptoms improved following steroid treatment. No recurrence of symptoms occurred but the lesions remained during the 2-year follow-up.
Conclusions
This report helps to extend the symptom spectrum of MOGAD and raise awareness of the importance of differentiating between neoplastic and demyelinating lesions. Imaging suggests neoplastic lesions should be differentiated from demyelinating diseases.
Facultative diapause behavior of pink bollworm, PectinophoragossypiellaSaunders (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in South Indian populations
Authors: Mahesh Nandyapur , Bheemanna M. , Prabhuraj Aralimarad , Gaddanakeri Somashekhar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The pink bollworm (PBW) of cotton, Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders is one of the serious pests in the Bt cotton era of India. Development of resistance to insecticides and behavioral adaptations are the main factors attributed for its severity. The North Indian populations of PBW are reported to be undergoing facultative diapause, whereas, no clear reports are available on the diapause pattern of South Indian populations. Hence, the diapause behavior of south Indian populations was studied at the UAS, Raichur, Karnataka.
Results
Populations collected from different parts of Karnataka, South India exhibited diapause behavior though the intensity varied. A significant variation in the morphometry of larval, pupal and adult populations of diapause and non-diapausing group was observed. Similar variation was also noticed in the biochemical parameters. Higher levels of amino acids, fats, proteins, and nitrogen were recorded in diapausing population compared to non-diapause population. Enzyme activities such as LDH, AP, GPT, and GOT varied between diapause and non-diapause population. The diapause behavior in South Indian PBW population was initiated from February, peaked in March, and ceased by May. Most larvae terminated diapause in November, coinciding with peak boll formation in cotton.
Conclusion
South Indian population of cotton pink bollworm exhibit facultative diapasue behavior. A clear cut morphological and physiological differentiation was recorded between diapusing and non-diapasuing individuals of the species. An in-depth study on the factors influencing the initiation, regulation and termination of diapasue in PBW need to be carried out.
Applicability of a microRNA-based dynamic risk score for type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hardikar Anandwardhan , Joglekar Mugdha , Wong Wilson , Kunte Pooja , Kulkarni Reshmi , Ahmed Ikhlak , Pham Nhan , Coles Madilyn , Kaur Simranjeet , Pant Aniruddha , Alshabeeb-Akil Ammira , Donaghue Kim , Jenkins Alicia , Craig Maria , Shapiro James , Hague William , Yajnik Chittaranjan , Ma Ronald , Davies Elizabeth , Jones Tim , Gitelman Stephen , Pociot Flemming ,   PREDICT T1D Study Group
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Identifying biomarkers of functional β-cell loss is critical in risk stratification for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). We report a microRNA-based dynamic (responsive to environment) risk score developed using multi-center, multi-ethnic/country (“multi-context”) cohorts. Discovery (wet-lab and dry-lab) analysis identified 50 microRNAs that were measured across n=2,204 individuals from four contexts (4C=AUS/Australia, DNK/Denmark, HKG/Hong Kong SAR China, IND/India). A microRNA-based dynamic risk score (DRS) was generated (DRS4C), which effectively stratified individuals with/without T1D. Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) was used to create an enhanced (e)DRS4C that showed AUC >0.84 on an independent Validation set (n=313) from AUS, IND and NZL and predicted future exogenous-insulin requirement in islet transplantation recipients from Canada (CAN). In another T1D therapy, this microRNA signature stratified 1-year response to imatinib based on their profile at the study baseline. Utilizing machine learning and GAI, this study identified and validated a microRNA-based DRS for T1D stratification and treatment efficacy prediction.
Natural Nanoparticle complexes at water-water interfaces
Authors: Rojas Orlando , Wang Han , Lu Yi , Bai Long , Zhu Mengqi , Liu Xiyue , Li Zhiguo , Liu Yang , Li Wei , Liu Shouxin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) with multifunctional attributes have significant promise as biomimetic materials, but current approaches do not harness their full potential. We show that ATPSs can be stabilized to form microcapsules by the interfacial assembly of chitin nanofibers (ChNF) and rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). The high structural stability of the ChNF/CNC complex integrates permeability and transport across the membrane at the liquid/liquid interface. Driven by density and osmotic stress gradients, the microcapsules show switchable motility, including cyclic meniscus-climbing and subsurface transport. These observations demonstrate a self-regulating system with potential for cargo transfer, cell biomimicry, as well as ATPS-based microreactors and microrobots.