bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen‐Bonded Open‐Framework with Pyridyl‐Decorated Channels: Straightforward Preparation and Insight into Its Affinity for Acidic Molecules in Solution
Authors: Mouchaham Georges , Roques Nans , Khodja Walid , Duhayon Carine , Coppel Yannick , Brandès Stéphane , Fodor Tamás , Meyer Michel , Sutter Jean‐Pascal 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA hydrogen‐bonded open framework with pores decorated by pyridyl groups was constructed by off‐charge‐stoichiometry assembly of protonated tetrakis(4‐pyridyloxymethyl)methane and [Al(oxalate)3]3−, which are the H‐bond donor and acceptor of ionic H‐bond interactions, respectively. This supramolecular porous architecture (SPA‐2) has 1 nm‐large pores interconnected in 3D with large solvent‐accessible void (53 %). It demonstrated remarkable affinity for acidic organic molecules in solution, which was investigated by means of various carboxylic acids including larger drug molecules. Competing sorption between acetic acid and its halogenated homologues evidenced good selectivity of the porous material for the halogenated acids. The gathered results, including a series of guest@SPA‐2 crystal structures and HRMAS‐NMR spectra, suggest that the efficient sorption exhibited by the material relies not only on an acid–base interaction. The facile release of these guest molecules under neutral conditions makes this SPA a carrier of acidic molecules.
Quantitative Estimation of Ising‐Type Magnetic Anisotropy in a Family of C3‐Symmetric CoII Complexes
Authors: Mondal Amit Kumar , Jover Jesús , Ruiz Eliseo , Konar Sanjit 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the influence of the structural and chemical effects on the Ising‐type magnetic anisotropy of pentacoordinate CoII complexes has been investigated by using a combined experimental and theoretical approach. For this, a deliberate design and synthesis of four pentacoordinate CoII complexes [Co(tpa)Cl]⋅ClO4 (1), [Co(tpa)Br]⋅ClO4 (2), [Co(tbta)Cl]⋅(ClO4)⋅(MeCN)2⋅(H2O) (3) and [Co(tbta)Br]⋅ClO4 (4) by using the tripodal ligands tris(2‐methylpyridyl)amine (tpa) and tris[(1‐benzyl‐1 H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐yl)methyl]amine) (tbta) have been carried out. Detailed dc and ac measurements show the existence of field‐induced slow magnetic relaxation behavior of CoII centers with Ising‐type magnetic anisotropy. A quantitative estimation of the zero‐field splitting (ZFS) parameters has been effectively achieved by using detailed ab initio theory calculations. Computational studies reveal that the wavefunction of all the studied complexes has a very strong multiconfigurational character that stabilizes the largest ms=±3/2 components of the quartet state and hence produce a large negative contribution to the ZFS parameters. The difference in the magnitudes of the Ising‐type anisotropy can be explained through ligand field theory considerations, that is, D is larger and negative in the case of weak equatorial σ‐donating and strong apical π‐donating ligands. To elucidate the role of intermolecular interactions in the magnetic relaxation behavior between adjacent CoII centers, a diamagnetic isostructural ZnII analog (5) was synthesized and the magnetic dilution experiment was performed.
Xenon Recovery at Room Temperature using Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Elsaidi Sameh K. , Ongari Daniele , Xu Wenqian , Mohamed Mona H. , Haranczyk Maciej , Thallapally Praveen K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractXenon is known to be a very efficient anesthetic gas, but its cost prohibits the wider use in medical industry and other potential applications. It has been shown that Xe recovery and recycling from anesthetic gas mixtures can significantly reduce its cost as anesthetic. The current technology uses series of adsorbent columns followed by low‐temperature distillation to recover Xe; this method is expensive to use in medical facilities. Herein, we propose a much simpler and more efficient system to recover and recycle Xe from exhaled anesthetic gas mixtures at room temperature using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Among the MOFs tested, PCN‐12 exhibits unprecedented performance with high Xe capacity and Xe/O2, Xe/N2 and Xe/CO2 selectivity at room temperature. The in situ synchrotron measurements suggest that Xe is occupies the small pockets of PCN‐12 compared to unsaturated metal centers (UMCs). Computational modeling of adsorption further supports our experimental observation of Xe binding sites in PCN‐12.
Computational method for estimating boundary of abdominal subcutaneous fat for absolute electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Yamaguchi Tohru F. , Okamoto Yoshiwo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAbdominal fat accumulation is considered an essential indicator of human health. Electrical impedance tomography has considerable potential for abdominal fat imaging because of the low specific conductivity of human body fat. In this paper, we propose a robust reconstruction method for high‐fidelity conductivity imaging by abstraction of the abdominal cross section using a relatively small number of parameters. Toward this end, we assume homogeneous conductivity in the abdominal subcutaneous fat area and characterize its geometrical shape by parameters defined as the ratio of the distance from the center to boundary of subcutaneous fat to the distance from the center to outer boundary in 64 equiangular directions. To estimate the shape parameters, the sensitivity of the noninvasively measured voltages with respect to the shape parameters is formulated for numerical optimization. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method. A 3‐dimensional finite element method is used to construct a computer model of the human abdomen. The inverse problems of shape parameters and conductivities are solved concurrently by iterative forward and inverse calculations. As a result, conductivity images are reconstructed with a small systemic error of less than 1% for the estimation of the subcutaneous fat area. A novel method is devised for estimating the boundary of the abdominal subcutaneous fat. The fidelity of the overall reconstructed image to the reference image is significantly improved. The results demonstrate the possibility of realization of an abdominal fat scanner as a low‐cost, radiation‐free medical device.
The Effect of Environmental, Social, Governance and Sustainability Initiatives on Stock Value – Examining Market Response to Initiatives Undertaken by Listed Companies
Authors: Lo Kar Yee , Kwan Calvin Lee 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of environmental, social, governance (ESG) and sustainability initiatives on stock value of listed companies in Hong Kong. Event methodology is used to examine whether the market responses significantly to the implementation of these initiatives. Our result shows that the market reacts more positively to ESG initiatives than sustainability initiatives. This brings several implications to corporates' strategy as well as development of socially responsible investments (SRI). To facilitate the development of SRI, companies should communicate the value and returns of these initiatives clearly with investors; financial institutions should also equip investors with knowledge to understand non‐financial information. Enhancing the transparency of sustainability index will also give investors more credible information to relate firms' CSR performance with firm value. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Recent Advances in Bismuth‐Based Nanomaterials for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Bhat Swetha S. M. , Jang Ho Won 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn recent years, bismuth‐based nanomaterials have drawn considerable interest as potential candidates for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting owing to their narrow band gaps, nontoxicity, and low costs. The unique electronic structure of bismuth‐based materials with a well‐dispersed valence band comprising Bi 6s and O 2p orbitals offers a suitable band gap to harvest visible light. This Review presents significant advancements in exploiting bismuth‐based nanomaterials for solar water splitting. An overview of the different strategies employed and the new ideas adopted to improve the PEC performance of bismuth‐based nanomaterials are discussed. Morphology control, the construction of heterojunctions, doping, and co‐catalyst loading are several approaches that are implemented to improve the efficiency of solar water splitting. Key issues are identified and guidelines are suggested to rationalize the design of efficient bismuth‐based materials for sunlight‐driven water splitting.
Species richness of multiple functional groups peaks in alpine tundra in subarctic Alaska
Authors: Roland Carl A. , Stehn Sarah E. , Schmidt Joshua H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractClimate warming has initiated changes to vegetation across subarctic North America with potential to dramatically alter the distribution of biodiversity of vascular plants, mosses, and macrolichens. However, landscape‐scale studies of the patterns and drivers of species richness in this region are scarce, raising the possibility that dramatic changes to biodiversity could occur undetected over a wide area with serious consequences for ecosystem integrity and conservation. We used a hierarchical, systematic design to compile a uniquely large and comprehensive diversity dataset for our study area in subarctic North America. We utilized a unified sampling frame at the landscape scale to record diversity of vascular plants, mosses, and macrolichens as the three primary components of vegetation species richness. We applied Bayesian hierarchical modeling techniques to identify site attributes associated with richness of the three functional groups. We also examined whether richness of groups was positively or negatively inter‐correlated across multiple spatial scales. Our goal was to quantify the fundamental relationships of species richness with site attributes across this landscape to better understand the possible responses of species richness to habitat changes forecast to occur in the subarctic as a result of a warming climate and other stressors. Moss, vascular plant, and terricolous macrolichen species richness were strongly inter‐correlated, due to an underlying marked positive association of each with increasing elevation into the alpine zone across multiple spatial scales. Our results further reveal varying influences of factors such as soilpH, disturbance, and plant canopy cover on diversity in these physiologically different functional groups. Taken together, the patterns revealed by our work provide a new framework to consider how predicted habitat changes wrought by warming climates in interior Alaska may affect fundamental diversity patterns of primary producers in the future, with important implications for ecosystem function and conservation.
China's health care system reform: Progress and prospects
Authors: Li Ling , Fu Hongqiao 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThis paper discusses the progress and prospects of China's complex health care reform beginning in 2009. The Chinese government's undertaking of systemic reform has achieved laudable achievements, including the expansion of social health insurance, the reform of public hospitals, and the strengthening of primary care. An innovative policy tool in China, policy experimentation under hierarchy, played an important role in facilitating these achievements. However, China still faces gaps and challenges in creating a single payer system, restructuring the public hospitals, and establishing an integrated delivery system. Recently, China issued the 13th 5‐year plan for medical reform, setting forth the goals, policy priorities, and strategies for health reform in the following 5 years. Moreover, the Chinese government announced the “Healthy China 2030” blueprint in October 2016, which has the goals of providing universal health security for all citizens by 2030. By examining these policy priorities against the existing gaps and challenges, we conclude that China's health care reform is heading in the right direction. To effectively implement these policies, we recommend that China should take advantage of policy experimentation to mobilize bottom‐up initiatives and encourage innovations.
Unexpected Solvent Effects in the Isomerization of iPrPCPIr(η2‐PhC≡CPh) to a 1‐Iridaindene
Authors: Wilklow‐Marnell Miles , Brennessel William W. , Jones William D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe reaction of iPrPCPIr with diphenylacetylene (iPrPCP=κ3‐2,6‐C6H3(CH2P(iPr)2)2), generated by dehydrogenation of iPrPCPIrH4 with tert‐butylethylene, readily provides the π‐adduct iPrPCPIr(η2‐PhC≡CPh) in quantitative yield at room temperature. Heating solutions of iPrPCPIr(η2‐PhC≡CPh) in aromatic hydrocarbon solvents leads to isomerization forming the 1‐iridaindene iPrPCPIr(C8H5(2‐Ph)). Surprisingly, this seemingly intramolecular reaction presents a kinetic isotope effect of 4.6 in C6H6 versus C6D6 solvent. The rate of this isomerization is effected by the availability of easily activated C−H bonds (i. e. aromatic C(sp2)‐H without ortho‐substituents), and is strongly dependent upon the ratio of C−H to C−D bonds. Experiments indicate that many, or all, of the steps in this process may be reversible and that a highly fluxional C−H/D addition product is present during isomerization.
A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Development in Two Astyanax Cavefish Populations
Authors: Stahl Bethany A. , Gross Joshua B. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTOrganisms that are isolated into extreme environments often evolve extreme phenotypes. However, global patterns of dynamic gene expression changes that accompany dramatic environmental changes remain largely unknown. The blind Mexican cavefish, Astyanax mexicanus, has evolved a number of severe cave‐associated phenotypes including loss of vision and pigmentation, craniofacial bone fusions, increased fat storage, reduced sleep, and amplified nonvisual sensory systems. Interestingly, surface‐dwelling forms have repeatedly entered different caves throughout Mexico, providing a natural set of “replicate” instances of cave isolation. These surrogate “ancestral” surface‐dwelling forms persist in nearby rivers, enabling direct comparisons to the “derived” cave‐dwelling form. We evaluated changes associated with subterranean isolation by measuring differential gene expression in two geographically distinct cave‐dwelling populations (Pachón and Tinaja). To understand the impact of these expression changes on development, we performed RNA‐sequencing across four critical stages during which troglomorphic traits first appear in cavefish embryos. Gene ontology (GO) studies revealed similar functional profiles evolved in both independent cave lineages. However, enrichment studies indicated that similar GO profiles were occasionally mediated by different genes. Certain “master” regulators, such as Otx2 and Mitf, appear to be important loci for cave adaptation, as remarkably similar patterns of expression were identified in both independent cave lineages. This work reveals that adaptation to an extreme environment, in two distinct cavefish lineages, evolves through a combination of unique and shared gene expression patterns. Shared expression profiles reflect common environmental pressures, while unique expression likely reflects the fact that similar adaptive traits evolve through diverse genetic mechanisms.
Effect of glycine nitrogen on lettuce growth under soilless culture: a metabolomics approach to identify the main changes occurred in plant primary and secondary metabolism
Authors: Yang Xiao , Feng Lei , Zhao Li , Liu Xiaosong , Hassani Danial , Huang Danfeng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDLettuce is a significant source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds. Nitrate is a cardinal fertilizer in horticulture and influences vegetable yield and quality; however, the negative effects of nitrate on the biosynthesis of flavonoids require further study. It is expected that using fertilizers containing organic nitrogen (N) could promote the synthesis of health‐promoting compounds.RESULTSLettuces were hydroponically cultured in media containing 9 mmol L−1 nitrate or 9 mmol L−1 glycine for 4 weeks. Primary and secondary metabolites were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility spectrometry/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/IMS/QTOF‐MS). Data analysis revealed that 29 metabolites were significantly altered between nitrate and glycine treatments. Metabolites were tentatively identified by comparison with online databases, literature and standards and using collision cross‐section values. Significant differences in flavonoid biosynthesis, phenolic biosynthesis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle response were observed between N sources. Compared with nitrate, glycine promoted accumulation of glycosylated flavonoids (quercetin 3‐glucoside, quercetin 3‐(6″‐malonyl‐glucoside), luteolin 7‐glucuronide, luteolin 7‐glucoside), ascorbic acid and amino acids (l‐valine, l‐leucine, l‐glutamine, asparagine, l‐serine, l‐ornithine, 4‐aminobutanoic acid, l‐phenylalanine) but reduced phenolic acids (dihydroxybenzoic acid hexose isomers 1 and 2, chicoric acid, chicoric acid isomer 1) and TCA intermediates (fumaric, malic, citric and succinic acids).CONCLUSIONThe novel methodology applied in this study can be used to characterize metabolites in lettuce. Accumulation of glycosylated flavonoids, amino acids and ascorbic acid in response to glycine supply provides strong evidence supporting the idea that using amino acids as an N source alters the nutritional value of vegetable crops. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Functional analyses of the versicolorin B synthase gene in Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Ren Silin , Yue Yuewei , Li Yu , Guo Xiaodong , Wang Shihua 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAflatoxin is a toxic, carcinogenic mycotoxin primarily produced by Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus. Previous studies have predicted the existence of more than 20 genes in the gene cluster involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis. Among these genes, aflK encodes versicolorin B synthase, which converts versiconal to versicolorin B. Past research has investigated aflK in A. parasiticus, but few studies have characterized aflK in the animal, plant, and human pathogen A. flavus. To understand the potential role of aflK in A. flavus, its function was investigated here for the first time using gene replacement and gene complementation strategies. The aflK deletion‐mutant ΔaflK exhibited a significant decrease in sclerotial production and aflatoxin biosynthesis compared with wild‐type and the complementation strain ΔaflK::aflK. ΔaflK did not affect the ability of A. flavus to infect seeds, but downregulated aflatoxin production after seed infection. This is the first report of a relationship between aflK and sclerotial production in A. flavus, and our findings indicate that aflK regulates aflatoxin formation.
Front‐line window therapy with cisplatin in patients with primary disseminated Ewing sarcoma: A study by the Associazione Italiana di Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica and Italian Sarcoma Group
Authors: Luksch Roberto , Grignani Giovanni , D'Angelo Paolo , Prete Arcangelo , Puma Nadia , Podda Marta , Casanova Michela , Ferrari Andrea , Morosi Carlo , Fagioli Franca , Aglietta Massimo , Ferrari Stefano , Picci Piero , Massimino Maura 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe aim was to assess the activity of cisplatin (CDDP) in Ewing sarcoma (ES). The study consisted of front‐line window therapy with CDDP 120 mg/sqm every 3 weeks for two courses in children and young adults with primary disseminated ES. Response was assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours criteria, and Simon's two‐stage design was applied. Twelve consecutive patients were enrolled in stage 1. Only one objective response was observed. Since the target response rate was not achieved, accrual was stopped and CDDP as a single agent in ES was judged unworthy of further assessment.
Changes in urine albumin to creatinine ratio with the initiation of hydroxyurea therapy among children and adolescents with sickle cell disease
Authors: Tehseen Sarah , Joiner Clinton H. , Lane Peter A. , Yee Marianne E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundRenal damage is a progressive complication of sickle cell disease (SCD) that begins in childhood and may progress to renal failure and early mortality in 12% of adults with hemoglobin SS (HbSS) SCD. Early sickle nephropathy is characterized by hyperfiltration and microalbuminuria; therefore, urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) is an effective screening tool for its detection.ProcedureThis study investigated the effect of hydroxyurea (HU) therapy on urine ACR levels among children with SCD. A retrospective review was conducted to identify all patients with HbSS or HbSβ0 thalassemia of age 7–18 years who began HU therapy in 2011–2013; a control group of patients not on HU were matched by age and baseline hemoglobin. All urine ACR measurements ≤24 months prior to and ≥24 months after HU initiation were recorded.ResultsThere were 63 eligible patients on HU and 13 (25%) with albuminuria prior to HU initiation. Among those with baseline albuminuria, the median ACR was 96 mg/g prior to HU, 39 mg/g at 1 year (P = 0.02), and 25 mg/g at 2 years (P = 0.03). Albuminuria normalized in 37.5% (6/16) after 1 year and 61% (8/13) after 2 years of HU therapy. Among those without albuminuria prior to HU, 13% (6/47) developed albuminuria during HU therapy. Sixteen percent (13/80) of control patients had albuminuria in the beginning of study period, which normalized in 15% (two of 13) of patients at 1‐year follow up.ConclusionIntroduction of HU is associated with significant decreases in urine ACR in children with SCD and albuminuria.
Preliminary experience on the use of PET/CT in the management of pediatric post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
Authors: Guerra‐García Pilar , Hirsch Steffen , Levine Daniel S , Taj Mary M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionPost‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a well‐known complication following prolonged immunosuppression. Contrary to other lymphomas, there is no standardized imaging approach to assess PTLD either at staging or for response to therapy. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an imaging modality that has proven to be useful in lymphoma. However, there is still limited data concerning its use in pediatric PTLD. Our study evaluates the use of PET/CT in pediatric PTLD at our institution.MethodsTo assess the role of PET/CT in pediatric PTLD, we reviewed the pediatric patients with PTLD who had undergone PET/CT at our institution between 2000 and 2016.ResultsNine patients were identified. Six had PET/CT at diagnosis. All lesions seen on CT were identified with PET/CT. Fourteen PET/CTs were done during treatment. Eight PET/CTs were negative, including three where CT showed areas of uncertain significance. In these cases, PET/CT helped us to stop treatment and the patients remain in remission after a long follow‐up (mean 74.3 months; range 12.4–180.9 months). PET/CT revealed additional disease in two cases, therefore treatment was intensified. Six biopsies and close follow‐up was done to confirm PET/CT results. In one case, PET/CT did not identify central nervous system involvement demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging.ConclusionPET/CT may have an important role in the staging and follow‐up of pediatric PTLD. In our cohort, PET/CT was helpful in staging and assessing treatment response and in clarifying equivocal findings on other imaging modalities.