bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serious games for improving knowledge and self-management in young people with chronic conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Charlier Nathalie , Zupancic Nele , Fieuws Steffen , Denhaerynck Kris , Zaman Bieke , Moons Philip 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of serious games in improving knowledge and/or self-management behaviors in young people with chronic conditions.Materials and Methods The authors searched the databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences, and PsychINFO for articles published between January 1990 and January 2014. Reference lists were hand-searched to retrieve additional studies. Randomized controlled trials that compared a digital game with either standard education or no specific education in a population of children and/or adolescents with chronic conditions were included.Results The authors identified 9 studies in which the effectiveness of serious games in young people with chronic conditions was evaluated using a randomized controlled trials design. Six studies found a significant improvement of knowledge in the game group from pretest to posttest; 4 studies showed significantly better knowledge in the game group than in the control group after the intervention. Two studies reported significantly better self-management in the game group than in the control group after the intervention. Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. For knowledge, pooled estimate of Hedges’ gu was 0.361 (95% confidence intervals, 0.098-0.624), demonstrating that serious games improve knowledge in patients. For self-management, pooled estimate of Hedges’ gu was 0.310 (95% confidence intervals, 0.122-0.497), showing that gaming improves self-management behaviors.Conclusions The authors’ meta-analysis shows that educational video games can be effective in improving knowledge and self-management in young people with chronic conditions.
Structured scaffolding for reflection and problem solving in diabetes self-management: qualitative study of mobile diabetes detective
Authors: Mamykina Lena , Heitkemper Elizabeth M , Smaldone Arlene M , Kukafka Rita , Cole-Lewis Heather , Davidson Patricia G , Mynatt Elizabeth D , Tobin Jonathan N , Cassells Andrea , Goodman Carrie , Hripcsak George 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjective To investigate subjective experiences and patterns of engagement with a novel electronic tool for facilitating reflection and problem solving for individuals with type 2 diabetes, Mobile Diabetes Detective (MoDD).Methods In this qualitative study, researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with individuals from economically disadvantaged communities and ethnic minorities who are participating in a randomized controlled trial of MoDD. The transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis; usage logs were analyzed to determine how actively the study participants used MoDD.Results Fifteen participants in the MoDD randomized controlled trial were recruited for the qualitative interviews. Usage log analysis showed that, on average, during the 4 weeks of the study, the study participants logged into MoDD twice per week, reported 120 blood glucose readings, and set two behavioral goals. The qualitative interviews suggested that individuals used MoDD to follow the steps of the problem-solving process, from identifying problematic blood glucose patterns, to exploring behavioral triggers contributing to these patterns, to selecting alternative behaviors, to implementing these behaviors while monitoring for improvements in glycemic control.Discussion This qualitative study suggested that informatics interventions for reflection and problem solving can provide structured scaffolding for facilitating these processes by guiding users through the different steps of the problem-solving process and by providing them with context-sensitive evidence and practice-based knowledge related to diabetes self-management on each of those steps.Conclusion This qualitative study suggested that MoDD was perceived as a useful tool in engaging individuals in self-monitoring, reflection, and problem solving.
Computers in the clinical encounter: a scoping review and thematic analysis
Authors: Crampton Noah H , Reis Shmuel , Shachak Aviv 
Published: January 2016

Objective Patient-clinician communication has been associated with increased patient satisfaction, trust in the clinician, adherence to prescribed therapy, and various health outcomes. The impact of health information technology (HIT) on the clinical encounter in general and patient-clinician communication in particular is a growing concern. The purpose of this study was to review the current literature on HIT use during the clinical encounter to update best practices and inform the continuous development of HIT policies and educational interventions.
Methods We conducted a literature search of four databases. After removing duplicates, reviewing titles and abstracts, performing a full-text review, and snowballing from references and citations, 51 articles were included in the analysis. We employed a qualitative thematic analysis to compare and contrast the findings across studies.
Results Our analysis revealed that the use of HIT affects consultations in complex ways, impacting eye contact and gaze, information sharing, building relationships, and pauses in the conversation. Whether these impacts are positive or negative largely depends on the combination of consultation room layout, patient and clinician styles of interaction with HIT as well as each other, and the strategies and techniques employed by clinicians to integrate HIT into consultations.
Discussion The in-depth insights into the impact of HIT on the clinical encounter, especially the strategies and techniques employed by clinicians to adapt to using HIT in consultations, can inform policies, educational interventions, and research.
Conclusion In contrast to the common negative views of HIT, it affects the clinical encounter in multiple ways. By applying identified strategies and best practices, HIT can support patient-clinician interactions rather than interfering with them.
Apparent [O iii] variability in the narrow line Seyfert I Mrk142
Authors: Zhang Xue-Guang , Feng Long-Long 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this Letter, we checked spectral properties of the well-known narrow line Seyfert I Mrk142, in order to try to find effects of narrow line variability on BLR radius of Mrk142 which is an outlier in the R–L plane. Although, no improvement can be found on BLR radius, apparent narrow line variability can be confirmed in Mrk142. Using the public spectra collected from the Lick AGN Monitoring Project, the spectral scaling method based on assumption of constant [O iii] line is first checked by examining broad and narrow emission line properties. We find that with the application of the spectral scaling method, there is a strong correlation between the [O iii] line flux and the [O iii] line width, but weaker correlations between the broad Hα flux and the broad Hβ flux, and between the broad Hα flux and the continuum emission at 5100 Å. The results indicate that the assumption of constant [O iii] line is not preferred, and caution should be exercised when applying the spectral scaling calibration method. And then, we can find a strong correlation between the [O iii] line flux and the continuum emission at 5100 Å, which indicates apparent short-term variability of the [O iii] line in Mrk142 over about two months.
Effectiveness of Selective Thoracic Fusion in the Surgical Treatment of Syringomyelia-associated Scoliosis
Authors: Qin Xiaodong , Sun Weixiang , Xu Leilei , Qiu Yong , Zhu Zezhang 
Published: January 2016

Study Design.
A retrospective case-control study

Objective.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of selective thoracic fusion in the surgical treatment of patients with syringomyelia-associated scoliosis.

Summary of Background Data.
Selective thoracic fusion technique was introduced to treat idiopathic scoliosis patients with major thoracic curve. Theoretically, such therapeutic philosophy could be applied to syringomyelia patients. There is no previous study that specifically addresses the effectiveness of selective thoracic fusion in patients with syringomyelia-associated scoliosis.

Methods.
Two groups of scoliosis patients were enrolled, including 52 patients with syringomyelia-associated scoliosis and 52 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Selective thoracic fusion was performed for both groups. Radiographic parameters including Cobb angle, apical vertebral translation, trunk shift, thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis, and sagittal vertical axis were measured on the standing posteroanterior and lateral radiographs before surgery, 1 week postoperatively and at the final follow-up, respectively. Inter- and intragroup comparisons were performed for each variable.

Results.
Patients of the two groups were matched in terms of age, sex, fusion levels, duration of follow-up, and all preoperative radiographic parameters except for TK. At the final follow-up, the coronal correction of the thoracic curve was comparable between the two groups (58.8 ± 10.2% vs. 61.3 ± 8.7%, P = 0.25). Moreover, the two groups were observed to have a similar improvement of lumbar curve (62.4 ± 7.3% vs. 64.9 ± 6.9%, P = 0.33). The mean correction loss of thoracic curve and lumbar curve in syringomyelia group were 3.6 ± 3.2% and 5.3 ± 1.8% respectively, showing no statistical difference when compared with those of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis group. The sagittal spinal alignments of the two groups, including TK and lumbar lordosis, were similarly maintained during the follow-up.

Conclusion.
Syringomyelia-associated scoliosis can be successfully corrected through selective thoracic fusion surgery with a promising long-term surgical outcome.

Level of Evidence: 3
Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Intraocular Pressure in Men and Women: A Population-based Study
Authors: Cohen Eytan , Kramer Michal , Shochat Tzippy , Goldberg Elad , Garty Moshe , Krause Ilan 
Published: January 2016

Purpose:
To assess the possibility of a relationship between body mass index (BMI) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in both men and women.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of a database from a screening center in Israel which assessed 18,575 subjects, within an age range 20 to 80 years.

Results:
The mean (±SD) age of the study sample was 46 (±10) years, 68% were men. A positive linear correlation was found between BMI and IOP for both men and women (r=0.166, P<0.0001 in men and r=0.202, P<0.0001 in women). Mean (95% confidence interval) IOP in subjects with BMI<25 kg/m2 was 12.8 mm Hg (range, 12.7 to 12.9 mm Hg) and increased significantly to 13.4 (range, 13.3 to 13.5 mm Hg); 13.9 mm Hg (range, 13.8 to14.0 mm Hg), and 14.3 mm Hg (range, 14.1 to 14.5 mm Hg) for BMI subcategories 25 to 29.9, 30 to 35, and >35 kg/m2, respectively (P<0.0001). These differences remained significant after multivariate adjustment for age, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (P<0.0001). Similar multivariate adjustments showed that the coefficient factors for BMI (95% confidence interval) affecting IOP were 0.087 (range, 0.076 to 0.098) P<0.0001 and 0.070 (range, 0.058 to 0.082) P<0.0001 for men and women respectively, indicating that in men and women, the changes in IOP associated with a 10 kg/m2 increase in BMI were 0.9 and 0.7 mm Hg, respectively. Subjects with abnormal BMI compared with subjects with normal BMI had increased odds ratio of having IOP≥18 mm Hg after adjusting for confounding factors (P<0.001).

Conclusions:
This study shows that obesity is an independent risk factor for increasing IOP in both men and women. We consider this finding particularly pertinent in the context of the current obesity epidemic.
Comparison of Dual-ISH (DISH) With Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Correlation With Immunohistochemical Findings for HER2/Neu Status in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Layfield Lester J. , Wallander Michelle L. , Tripp Sheryl R. , Redpath Stella , Banks Peter M. 
Published: January 2016

Introduction:
The most widely used methods for determination of HER2/neu status in breast carcinoma are immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Both techniques are associated with technical and interpretive difficulties. Alternative methods exist including quantitative PCR and the newly developed chromogenic dual in situ hybridization (DISH).

Methods:
We evaluated HER2 DISH as an alternative to FISH and report our findings from 101 cases. In addition, we correlated HER2 DISH and FISH results with HercepTest and 4B5 immunohistochemistry.

Results:
Eight cases failed FISH analysis and none failed DISH analysis. A 95% (88/93) concordance was found between DISH and FISH for all cases in the series. When only 2+ IHC cases were evaluated, the concordance was 94% for DISH and FISH. Using the 2013 ASCO/CAP recommendations, none of the tested cases were equivocal by FISH or DISH despite 66% of cases being 2+ by HercepTest and 32% by the 4B5 antibody.

Comment:
Our study, which utilizes a majority of IHC equivocal cases, demonstrates that HER2 FISH and DISH are concordant methodologies. HER2 DISH is therefore an acceptable alternative to FISH.
Local accounting firms’ pricing responses to entry of the Big Four accounting firms into China
Authors: Desai Vikram , Xu Bixia , Zeng Tao 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The historical development and size of China’s audit market provides an opportunity to investigate important questions regarding the functioning of the market for audit services that are difficult, if not impossible, to test in other globally established markets. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of the market entry of the Big Four accounting firms into China on the audit fees charged by its local accounting firms.Design/methodology/approach– In this paper the authors rely primarily on the incumbent pricing literature (Simon, 2005; Geroski, 1995) to assist them in developing the specific hypotheses and empirical tests. This paper is an empirical study, which examines whether local incumbent accounting firms cut prices in response to the Big Four’s entry by using data from annual reports and audit reports for China’s listed companies from the 1994 to 2008 period.Findings– This study shows that local incumbent firms cut prices post-entry. This study also finds that it was local large-sized accounting firms as well as accounting firms located in regions with highly developed- and competitive markets that cut prices in response to the Big Four’s entry.Practical implications– This study has important implications for the Big Four accounting firms as it provides useful information about pricing strategies that would likely be used by local accounting firms in a new market. Local accounting firms in emerging markets can also gain useful insights about the pricing strategies adopted by the Big Four accounting firms when they enter a market.Originality/value– Audit market research has little to offer on how local accounting firms respond in their pricing to the entry of Big Four accounting firms into their market, mainly because in western countries such as Canada, England, and the USA, the Big Four accounting firms are the oldest firms operating in those markets. This paper is the first study that examines the effect of the market entry of the Big Four accounting firms into China.
Should I stay or should I go? Customers’ reactions faced with the deterioration of a business relationship
Authors: Vidal David , Fenneteau Hervé , Paché Gilles 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– This paper aims to develop a framework helping managers to understand reactions, adopting the supplier perspective, and starting from the idea that the outcome of the degradation process is mainly determined by customers’ reactions. Inter-organisational relationships are sometimes subject to degradation. When incidents arise, and relationship attractiveness decreases, its evolution becomes uncertain.Design/methodology/approach– A case study carried out with a large French industrial company (FabIndus) specialised in the production of supplies destined to a large variety of business sectors. In all, 26 semi-structured interviews were conducted with staff members of FabIndus and clients’ representatives identified as having recently been confronted with deterioration in their relationship.Findings– The paper finds that customers’ reactions vary according to the nature of the business relationship and the customer commitment when degradation begins. Using two types of commitment and the exit–voice–loyalty–neglect model, it is possible to identify four types of reactions in the situation of the deterioration of a relationship. For each one of the reactions, the paper defines the response strategy that suppliers may take on.Originality/value– The paper underlines the importance of a segmented view of business behaviours faced with the deterioration of a relationship. This can be helpful to elaborate differentiated response strategies, to avoid mutual misunderstandings.
Perceptions of time at work
Authors: Ferreira Aristides Isidoro , Esteves Joana Diniz 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– Activities such as making personal phone calls, surfing on the internet, booking personal appointments or chatting with colleagues may or may not deviate attentions from work. With this in mind, the purpose of this paper is to examine gender differences and motivations behind personal activities employees do at work, as well as individuals’ perception of the time they spend doing these activities.Design/methodology/approach– Data were obtained from 35 individuals (Mage=37.06 years; SD=7.80) from a Portuguese information technology company through an ethnographic method including a five-day non-participant direct observation (n=175 observations) and a questionnaire with open-ended questions.Findings– Results revealed that during a five-working-day period of eight hours per day, individuals spent around 58 minutes doing personal activities. During this time, individuals engaged mainly in socializing through conversation, internet use, smoking and taking coffee breaks. Results revealed that employees did not perceive the time they spent on non-work realted activities accurately, as the values of these perceptions were lower than the actual time. Moreover, through HLM, the findings showed that the time spent on conversation and internet use was moderated by the relationship between gender and the leisure vs home-related motivations associated with each personal activity developed at work.Originality/value– This study contributes to the literature on human resource management because it reveals how employees often perceive the time they spend on non-work related activities performed at work inaccurately. This study highlights the importance of including individual motivations when studying gender differences and personal activities performed at work. The current research discusses implications for practitioners and outlines suggestions for future studies.
Computer access and use: understanding the expectations of Indian rural students
Authors: Sampath Kumar B T , Basavaraja M T 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– This study aims to understand the expectations of rural students with respect to their computer access and use. It also made an attempt to learn the expectations of rural students from their schools and local government in providing the information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure.

Design/methodology/approach
– Interview schedules were used to collect the necessary data from the rural students. The interview schedules consisted of various questions that were designed to elicit the expectations of rural students in terms of their usage of computers. A total of 300 interview schedules were collected from the students, and data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (Windows 19.0 version) to test the formulated hypothesis.

Findings
– This study clearly showed that 72 per cent of female and 63.33 per cent of male students have not used a computer. Most of the students opined that lack of support from teachers (91.57 per cent = Male, 94.25 per cent = Female) and non-availability of computers at home and schools (82.10 per cent = Male, 80.55 per cent = Female) were the main reasons for not using the computer. A notable finding of the study was that 93.68 per cent of male and 95.37 per cent of female students were interested in using a computer. Most of the students opined that the state/local government should establish computer laboratories and provide Internet facilities in rural schools.

Originality/value
– This paper has provided useful empirical data regarding the expectations of rural students with respect to their access and use of computers. The results of this study will be more helpful to school authority and government in providing necessary ICT infrastructure to rural schools.
Differences in soil micro‐eukaryotic communities over soil pH gradients are strongly driven by parasites and saprotrophs
Authors: Dupont A. Ö. C. , Griffiths R. I. , Bell T. , Bass D. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryA recent large‐scale assessment of bacterial communities across a range of UK soil types showed that bacterial community structure was strongly determined by soil pH. We analysed a data set of eukaryotic 454 sequencing 18S rDNA from the surveyed samples and showed significant differences in eukaryotic assemblages according to pH class, mostly between low pH and higher pH soils. Soil eukaryote communities (per sample) differed most at the taxonomic rank approximating to order level. Taxonomies assigned with the Protist Ribosomal Reference and the Silva 119 databases were taxonomically inconsistent, mostly due to differing 18S annotations, although general structure and composition according to pH were coherent. A relatively small number of lineages, mostly putative parasitic protists and fungi, drive most differences between pH classes, with weaker contributions from bacterivores and autotrophs. Overall, soil parasites included a large diversity of alveolates, in particular apicomplexans. Phylogenetic analysis of alveolate lineages demonstrates a large diversity of unknown gregarines, novel perkinsids, coccidians, colpodellids and uncharacterized alveolates. Other novel and/or divergent lineages were revealed across the eukaryote tree of life. Our study provides an in‐depth taxonomic evaluation of micro‐eukaryotic diversity, and reveals novel lineages and insights into their relationships with environmental variables across soil gradients.
How Helicobacter pylori senses, targets and interacts with the gastric epithelium
Authors: Keilberg Daniela , Ottemann Karen M. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryHelicobacter pylori is a human‐specific pathogen that chronically infects about 50% of the world's population. After travelling through the harsh environment of the stomach lumen, H. pylori colonizes the mucosal surface and within the glands of the human stomach. During colonization, H. pylori uses motility and its chemotaxis signalling system to sense the environment to reach the gastric epithelium for colonization, where it is able to attach to the epithelial surface. The H. pylori population inside the stomach contains a subgroup of bacteria that are attached to the gastric epithelium and a larger subgroup of non‐attached bacteria that are freely swimming. To establish a tight interaction between H. pylori and epithelial cells, the bacterium produces a variety of adhesins and delivers virulence factors. These lead to alterations in the host signalling pathways, inducing pro‐inflammatory responses, apoptosis, uncontrolled cell proliferation, and eventually peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. To prevent disease and find a vaccine or better treatments, it is crucial to understand how H. pylori is able to sense its niche for chronic infection inside the stomach and how its virulence factors interact with the epithelial target cells.