bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in STRATUS (MM-010): a phase 3b study in refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Palumbo Antonio , Corradini Paolo , Cavo Michele , Delforge Michel , Di Raimondo Francesco , Weisel Katja C. , Oriol Albert , Hansson Markus , Vacca Angelo , Blanchard María Jesús , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Doyen Chantal , Kaiser Martin , Petrini Mario , Anttila Pekka , Cafro Anna Maria , Raymakers Reinier , San-Miguel Jesus , de Arriba Felipe , Knop Stefan , Röllig Christoph , Ocio Enrique M. , Morgan Gareth , Miller Neil , Simcock Mathew , Peluso Teresa , Herring Jennifer , Sternas Lars , Zaki Mohamed H. , Moreau Philippe 
Published: May 2016

Key Points
STRATUS (MM-010), the largest POM + LoDEX trial, confirms the regimen offers clinically meaningful benefit and is generally well tolerated. STRATUS supports POM + LoDEX as a standard of care for patients with RRMM who have poor prognosis and high need for effective treatments.
Clinical profile of patients with adult-onset eosinophilic asthma
Authors: de Groot Jantina C. , Storm Huib , Amelink Marijke , de Nijs Selma B. , Eichhorn Edwin , Reitsma Bennie H. , Bel Elisabeth H.D. , ten Brinke Anneke 
Published: May 2016

Adult-onset eosinophilic asthma is increasingly recognised as a severe and difficult-to-treat subtype of asthma. In clinical practice, early recognition of patients with this asthma subtype is important because it may have treatment implications. Therefore, physicians need to know the distinct characteristics of this asthma phenotype. The objective of the present study was to determine the characteristic profile of patients with adult-onset eosinophilic asthma.130 patients with adult-onset (>18 years of age) asthma and high blood eosinophil counts (≥0.3×109 L−1) were compared with 361 adult-onset asthma patients with low (<0.3×109 L−1) blood eosinophils. Measurements included a series of clinical, functional and imaging parameters.Patients with high blood eosinophils were more often male, had less well controlled asthma and higher exacerbation rates, despite the use of higher doses of inhaled corticosteroids. They had higher levels of total IgE without more sensitisation to common inhaled allergens. In addition, these patients had worse lung function, and more often showed fixed airflow limitation, air trapping, nasal polyposis and abnormalities on sinus computed tomography scanning. Chronic rhinosinusitis, air trapping and male sex were three independent factors associated with blood eosinophilia (adjusted OR 3.8 (95% CI 1.7–8.1), 3.0 (95% CI 1.1–8.1) and 2.4 (95% CI 1.3–4.4), respectively).Patients with adult-onset asthma with elevated blood eosinophils exhibit a distinct profile, which can readily be recognised in clinical practice.
Identification of recurrent focal copy number variations and their putative targeted driver genes in ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhang Liangcai , Yuan Ying , Lu Karen H. , Zhang Li 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background
Genomic regions with recurrent DNA copy number variations (CNVs) are generally believed to encode oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) that drive cancer growth. However, it remains a challenge to delineate the key cancer driver genes from the regions encoding a large number of genes.

Results
In this study, we developed a new approach to CNV analysis based on spectral decomposition of CNV profiles into focal CNVs and broad CNVs. We performed an analysis of CNV data of 587 serous ovarian cancer samples on multiple platforms. We identified a number of novel focal regions, such as focal gain of ESR1, focal loss of LSAMP, prognostic site at 3q26.2 and losses of sub-telomere regions in multiple chromosomes. Furthermore, we performed network modularity analysis to examine the relationships among genes encoded in the focal CNV regions. Our results also showed that the recurrent focal gains were significantly associated with the known oncogenes and recurrent losses associated with TSGs and the CNVs had a greater effect on the mRNA expression of the driver genes than that of the non-driver genes.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that spectral decomposition of CNV profiles offers a new way of understanding the role of CNVs in cancer.
Management and Care of Women With Invasive Cervical Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Resource-Stratified Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Chuang Linus T. , Temin Sarah , Camacho Rolando , Dueñas-Gonzalez Alfonso , Feldman Sarah , Gultekin Murat , Gupta Vandana , Horton Susan , Jacob Graciela , Kidd Elizabeth A. , Lishimpi Kennedy , Nakisige Carolyn , Nam Joo-Hyun , Ngan Hextan Yuen Sheung , Small William , Thomas Gillian , Berek Jonathan S. 
Published: May 2016

Purpose To provide evidence-based, resource-stratified global recommendations to clinicians and policymakers on the management and palliative care of women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer. Methods ASCO convened a multidisciplinary, multinational panel of cancer control, medical and radiation oncology, health economic, obstetric and gynecologic, and palliative care experts to produce recommendations reflecting resource-tiered settings. A systematic review of literature from 1966 to 2015 failed to yield sufficiently strong quality evidence to support basic- and limited-resource setting recommendations; a formal consensus-based process was used to develop recommendations. A modified ADAPTE process was also used to adapt recommendations from existing guidelines. Results Five existing sets of guidelines were identified and reviewed, and adapted recommendations form the evidence base. Eight systematic reviews, along with cost-effectiveness analyses, provided indirect evidence to inform the consensus process, which resulted in agreement of 75% or greater. Recommendations Clinicians and planners should strive to provide access to the most effective evidence-based antitumor and palliative care interventions. If a woman cannot access these within her own or neighboring country or region, she may need to be treated with lower-tier modalities, depending on capacity and resources for surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and supportive and palliative care. For women with early-stage cervical cancer in basic settings, cone biopsy or extrafascial hysterectomy may be performed. Fertility-sparing procedures or modified radical or radical hysterectomy may be additional options in nonbasic settings. Combinations of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy (including brachytherapy) should be used for women with stage IB to IVA disease, depending on available resources. Pain control is a vital component of palliative care. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/rs-cervical-cancer-treatment-guideline and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki . It is the view of ASCO that health care providers and health care system decision makers should be guided by the recommendations for the highest stratum of resources available. The guideline is intended to complement but not replace local guidelines.
A Versatile Surface Design to Disperse Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids and Organic Solvents
Authors: Taniguchi Yuki , Yasue Ken , Kawai Tsuyoshi , Nakashima Takuya 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Thiocholine bromide was proposed as a cationic capping ligand for a variety of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles with a good dispersibility in an ionic liquid (IL). The stability of NPs was improved in the IL compared to that in water, which was verified by an improved emission property of semiconductor nanoparticles and higher thermal stability of gold nanoparticles. The cationic thiocholine was further demonstrated as a surface ligand for CdTe nanoparticle dispersible in organic media in combination with various anions.
Intellectual Property Rights: Institutional Approach
Authors: Рогожин  , Rogozhin S. , Сазанова  , Sazanova S. 
Published: May 2016

The authors consider the intellectual property rights from two points of view: legal theory and institutional
economical theory. Contents of “intellectual property” and “intellectual rights” concepts have been revealed
in this paper, and the necessity of their study has been justified not only from the legal point of view, but also
from the economic one. The authors emphasize that the institutional economics in general and the economic
theory of property rights, in particular, have a great potential in the study both of theoretical and practical
aspects related to intellectual rights. According to the authors, it is the institutional approach which will create
an effective legislation in this area.
Great Canadian Lagerstätten 5. Crawford Lake – A Canadian Holocene Lacustrine Konservat-Lagerstätte with Two-Century-Old Viable Dinoflagellate Cysts
Authors: Krueger Andrea M. , McCarthy Francine M.G. 
Published: May 2016

In addition to commonly preserved microfossils like pollen and diatoms, the varved sediments of Crawford Lake, Ontario, contain the fossilized remains of otherwise rare microfossils. Bottom water anoxia resulted from the physiography of this small, deep lake and enhanced biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) during two distinct phases of human settlement: prehistoric Iroquoian (approximately 1268–1486 CE) and historic Euro-Canadians (since 1822 CE). The exceptional preservation of delicate organic-walled microfossils like rotifer loricae and cellulosic dinoflagellate thecae provides unparalleled insights into a Holocene freshwater lake ecosystem and allows the biological and taphonomic components of the fossil assemblage to be isolated. Bottom water anoxia may also have increased the longevity of cell contents: resting cysts of Parvodinium [Peridinium] inconspicuum (Lemmermann) Carty and Peridinium volzii Lemmermann. These were germinated from varves deposited nearly two centuries ago, extending the known span of viability of dinoflagellates.RÉSUMÉEn plus des microfossiles couramment conservés comme le pollen et les diatomées, les sédiments varvés du lac Crawford en Ontario, contiennent les restes fossilisés de microfossiles très rares. Le caractère anoxique des eaux de fond s’explique par la physiographie de ce petit lac profond et par une augmentation de la demande biochimique en oxygène (DBO) durant deux phases distinctes de peuplement humain : phase préhistorique iroquoienne (environ 1268 à 1486 CE) et une phase historique euro-canadienne (depuis 1822 CE). La préservation exceptionnelle de délicats microfossiles à membranes organiques comme rotifère lorica et les thèques cellulosiques de dinoflagellés, ouvre une fenêtre inédite sur l’écosystème d’un lac d’eau douce Holocène et permet aux composants biologiques et taphonomiques de l'assemblage de fossiles d'être préservés isolément. L’anoxie des eaux de fond peut également avoir augmenté la longévité du contenu des cellules: kystes dormants de Parvodinium [Peridinium] inconspicuum (Lemmermann) Carty et de Peridinium volzii Lemmermann. Ces derniers ont été activés à partir de varves déposés il y a près de deux siècles, ce qui allonge la durée connue de la viabilité des dinoflagellés.
Disrupted hospitality – the impact of the Christchurch earthquake/s on accommodation hosts
Authors: Wilson Jude 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This study examines the impact of the Christchurch earthquake/s on accommodation hosts. A total of 24 hosts, representing a range of accommodation types and spatial locations in the city, were interviewed about the impact of the earthquake/s and their post-earthquake hosting experiences during the eighteen-month period immediately following the February 2011 earthquake. By highlighting the resultant disruption to the hospitality encounter the research provides considerable insight into the criteria perceived to make a ‘good’ accommodation host and the importance of the wider city environments in which they operate their business. The article also adds empirical data to a growing body of research and literature on tourism destinations’ post-disaster response and recovery. What stands out in these accounts of earthquake impact was the extent to which these accommodation hosts felt connected with, and shouldered community responsibility for, what happened in ‘their’ city.
Building Reputation in a War of Attrition Game: Hawkish or Dovish Stance?
Authors: Özyurt Selçuk 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis paper examines a two-player war of attrition game in continuous-time, where (1) fighting (i. e., escalating the conflict) is costless for a player unless he quits, (2) at any point in time, each player can attack to his opponent and finalize the game with a costly war, (3) there is two-sided uncertainty regarding the players’ resolve, and (4) each player can choose his tone/stance (either hawkish or dovish) at the beginning of the game, which affects his quitting cost. The results imply that choosing hawkish (dovish) regime is optimal if and only if the benefit-cost ratio of the dispute is sufficiently high (low). If hawkish tone is going to give a player upper hand in a dispute, then choosing a more aggressive tone does not increase his payoff. However, choosing a more dovish tone increases a player’s payoff whenever dovish regime is optimal.
A study of resolvent set for a class of band operators with matrix elements
Authors: Osipov Andrey 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFor operators generated by a certain class of infinite three-diagonal matrices with matrix elements we establish a characterization of the resolvent set in terms of polynomial solutions of the underlying second order finite-difference equations. This enables us to describe some asymptotic behavior of the corresponding systems of vector orthogonal polynomials on the resolvent set. We also find that the operators generated by infinite Jacobi matrices have the largest resolvent set in this class.
The effect of tourists’ perceptions of a tourism product on memorable travel experience: Implications for destination branding
Authors: Tukamushaba Eddy K. , Xiao Honggen , Ladkin Adele 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyse how tourists’ perceptions of a destination’s tourism product influences memorable tourism experiences and how gender differences influence tourists’ perceptions of tourism product. To achieve these objectives, Uganda, one of the developing economies in East Africa, was chosen. The five A’s of tourism product was used as a basis for the questionnaire construction and data was analysed. Explanatory research design within the framework of confirmatory factor analysis - a structural equation modelling technique was adopted using the AMOS 18 program. A sample of 501 respondents consisting of tourists departing Uganda through Entebbe International Airport was used.
Results showed that both the measurement and structural models exhibited better model fit indices. Overall, tourists’ perceptions of the retained four dimensions of tourism product (Attractions, ancillary services, amenities and accommodation) had a positive effect on memorable travel experience. Additionally, the independent T-test for gender and tourists’ perceptions of Uganda’s tourism product showed that on average, females had a positive evaluation of Uganda tourism product compared to their male counterparts. However, the observed difference was not significant.
It is recommended that destination management organisations pay attention to infrastructure, particularly transport that links potential and actual tourists to key tourism attractions. This is likely to enhance positive perceptions and was found to positively influence memorable travel experience. Other implications for destination branding are discussed.
The index of tourist satisfaction with Lithuania
Authors: Pilelienė Lina , Grigaliūnaitė Viktorija 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
During the past decades, tourism has become one of the fastest growing areas in the service sector in the world. If the aspiration is to develop a well-organised tourism industry, then fulfilment of tourist needs and wishes should be achieved. The most common technique for identifying the compatibility between tourist needs and the experience with tourism destination is tourist satisfaction measurement.
Lithuania is a small country in the northern part of Central/ Eastern Europe; the country is rarely considered as an independent tourist destination, but mostly as one of the Baltic States. Foreign tourist satisfaction is very important for the country. Considering the necessity to excel in the region, the aim of the research is to develop the index of tourist satisfaction of Lithuania.
The previously elaborated model of Lithuanian tourist satisfaction index is used as a background. The index of tourist satisfaction of Lithuania is constructed by the following stages: 1. A questionnaire research with foreign tourists, based on a theoretical model of Lithuanian Tourist Satisfaction Index, is provided; 2. The impact of model’s variables on tourist satisfaction with Lithuania is determined; 3. The main variables having an impact on foreign tourist satisfaction with Lithuania are determined; and a general model of the index of tourist satisfaction of Lithuania is composed.
Risk management for sustainable tourism
Authors: Ural Mert 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The world tourism industry suffered some severe losses as a result of a series of major international events and the magnitude of disaster/catastrophic risks has become a major topic of discussion for a sustainable tourism especially in the insurance industry. Risk management in the tourism context refers to the planning and implementation of processes directed towards managing the adverse effects of crises and disasters/catastrophes on tourism. The sustainability of a tourism destination is significantly influenced by its ability to adapt to changing market conditions, use resources efficiently and deliver innovative planning and development strategies about risk management. The aim of this paper is to consider the key elements of crises and disasters and their effects upon tourism destinations, and to provide background on risk management processes for sustainable tourism.
Statistical Inference for Data Adaptive Target Parameters
Authors: Hubbard Alan E. , Kherad-Pajouh Sara , van der Laan Mark J. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Consider one observes n i.i.d. copies of a random variable with a probability distribution that is known to be an element of a particular statistical model. In order to define our statistical target we partition the sample in V equal size sub-samples, and use this partitioning to define V splits in an estimation sample (one of the V subsamples) and corresponding complementary parameter-generating sample. For each of the V parameter-generating samples, we apply an algorithm that maps the sample to a statistical target parameter. We define our sample-split data adaptive statistical target parameter as the average of these V-sample specific target parameters. We present an estimator (and corresponding central limit theorem) of this type of data adaptive target parameter. This general methodology for generating data adaptive target parameters is demonstrated with a number of practical examples that highlight new opportunities for statistical learning from data. This new framework provides a rigorous statistical methodology for both exploratory and confirmatory analysis within the same data. Given that more research is becoming “data-driven”, the theory developed within this paper provides a new impetus for a greater involvement of statistical inference into problems that are being increasingly addressed by clever, yet ad hoc pattern finding methods. To suggest such potential, and to verify the predictions of the theory, extensive simulation studies, along with a data analysis based on adaptively determined intervention rules are shown and give insight into how to structure such an approach. The results show that the data adaptive target parameter approach provides a general framework and resulting methodology for data-driven science.
A Case Study of the Impact of Data-Adaptive Versus Model-Based Estimation of the Propensity Scores on Causal Inferences from Three Inverse Probability Weighting Estimators
Authors: Neugebauer Romain , Schmittdiel Julie A. , van der Laan Mark J. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract:Objective: Consistent estimation of causal effects with inverse probability weighting estimators is known to rely on consistent estimation of propensity scores. To alleviate the bias expected from incorrect model specification for these nuisance parameters in observational studies, data-adaptive estimation and in particular an ensemble learning approach known as Super Learning has been proposed as an alternative to the common practice of estimation based on arbitrary model specification. While the theoretical arguments against the use of the latter haphazard estimation strategy are evident, the extent to which data-adaptive estimation can improve inferences in practice is not. Some practitioners may view bias concerns over arbitrary parametric assumptions as academic considerations that are inconsequential in practice. They may also be wary of data-adaptive estimation of the propensity scores for fear of greatly increasing estimation variability due to extreme weight values. With this report, we aim to contribute to the understanding of the potential practical consequences of the choice of estimation strategy for the propensity scores in real-world comparative effectiveness research.Method: We implement secondary analyses of Electronic Health Record data from a large cohort of type 2 diabetes patients to evaluate the effects of four adaptive treatment intensification strategies for glucose control (dynamic treatment regimens) on subsequent development or progression of urinary albumin excretion. Three Inverse Probability Weighting estimators are implemented using both model-based and data-adaptive estimation strategies for the propensity scores. Their practical performances for proper confounding and selection bias adjustment are compared and evaluated against results from previous randomized experiments.Conclusion: Results suggest both potential reduction in bias and increase in efficiency at the cost of an increase in computing time when using Super Learning to implement Inverse Probability Weighting estimators to draw causal inferences.
Data-Adaptive Bias-Reduced Doubly Robust Estimation
Authors: Vermeulen Karel , Vansteelandt Stijn 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Doubly robust estimators have now been proposed for a variety of target parameters in the causal inference and missing data literature. These consistently estimate the parameter of interest under a semiparametric model when one of two nuisance working models is correctly specified, regardless of which. The recently proposed bias-reduced doubly robust estimation procedure aims to partially retain this robustness in more realistic settings where both working models are misspecified. These so-called bias-reduced doubly robust estimators make use of special (finite-dimensional) nuisance parameter estimators that are designed to locally minimize the squared asymptotic bias of the doubly robust estimator in certain directions of these finite-dimensional nuisance parameters under misspecification of both parametric working models. In this article, we extend this idea to incorporate the use of data-adaptive estimators (infinite-dimensional nuisance parameters), by exploiting the bias reduction estimation principle in the direction of only one nuisance parameter. We additionally provide an asymptotic linearity theorem which gives the influence function of the proposed doubly robust estimator under correct specification of a parametric nuisance working model for the missingness mechanism/propensity score but a possibly misspecified (finite- or infinite-dimensional) outcome working model. Simulation studies confirm the desirable finite-sample performance of the proposed estimators relative to a variety of other doubly robust estimators.