bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of Synpolydactyly and Omphalocele in a Fetus with a HOXD13 Mutation
Authors: Radhakrishnan Periyasamy , Nayak Shalini , Pai Muralidhar , Shukla Anju , Girisha Katta 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSynpolydactyly (SPD) is an autosomal dominant congenital limb disorder due to mutations in HOXD13. It is a phenotypically heterogeneous condition characterized by syndactyly of the third finger (F3), fourth finger (F4) and/or fourth toe (T4), and fifth toe (T5) with variably associated polydactyly. We report on a mother and fetus with SPD. The mother has a novel mutation (c.708_708delC) in the HOXD13 gene that was also seen in the fetus. However, the fetus had congenital omphalocele in addition to SPD that is an association not reported to date. A chromosomal microarray in the fetus was normal. We report a novel mutation in HOXD13 and document co-occurrence of an omphalocele and SPD in a fetus.
Extending magnifying NBI diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia in the stomach: the white opaque substance marker
Authors: Kanemitsu Takao , Yao Kenshi , Nagahama Takashi , Imamura Kentaro , Fujiwara Shoko , Ueki Toshiharu , Chuman Kenta , Tanabe Hiroshi , Atsuko Ota , Iwashita Akinori , Shimokawa Toshio , Uchita Kunihisa , Kanesaka Takashi 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Background and aims Intestinal metaplasia (IM) of the stomach is associated with an increased risk of differentiated gastric cancer. While it is important to diagnose IM endoscopically, it can be difficult to observe by white-light endoscopy. In magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) of the stomach, a light-blue crest (LBC) is widely known to be a useful marker in the endoscopic diagnosis of IM. However, IM that exhibits only white opaque substance (WOS) without an LBC can also occur. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the presence of WOS on M-NBI of the stomach could serve as a marker of IM in the same way that an LBC does.
Methods The subjects were 40 consecutive patients who underwent M-NBI between July and December 2014. The primary endpoint in this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of M-NBI for histologically observed IM in WOS- and LBC-positive mucosa.
Results The sensitivity and specificity of WOS for histologically diagnosed IM were 50.0 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 40.0 % – 50.0 %) and 100.0 % (95 %CI 85.0 % – 100.0 %), respectively. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of LBC were 62.5 % (95 %CI 51.1 % – 65.9 %) and 93.8 % (95 %CI 76.7 % – 98.9 %), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of WOS and/or LBC (WOS positive and LBC positive, WOS positive and LBC negative, or WOS negative and LBC positive) for histologically diagnosed IM were 87.5 % (95 %CI 76.9 % – 90.9 %) and 93.8 % (95 %CI 77.9 % – 98.9 %), respectively.
Conclusions LBC and WOS are both useful markers for endoscopic diagnosis of IM. Combining both markers improves the sensitivity.Clinical trial number: UMINCTR000014453.
Terpenoids from Leaves of Guarea macrophylla Display In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity and Induce Apoptosis In Melanoma Cells
Authors: Conserva Geanne , Girola Natalia , Figueiredo Carlos , Azevedo Ricardo , Mousdell Sasha , Sartorelli Patricia , Soares Marisi , Antar Guilherme , Lago João 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Guarea macrophylla is a Brazilian plant species that has been used in folk medicine to treat a range of diseases. Our ongoing work focuses on the discovery of new bioactive natural products derived from Brazilian flora. The current study describes the identification of cytotoxic compounds from the EtOH extract of leaves from G. macrophylla using bioactivity-guided fractionation. This approach resulted in the isolation and characterization of four compounds: cycloart-23E-ene-3β,25-diol (1), (23S*,24S*)-dihydroxycicloart-25-en-3-one (2), isopimara-7,15-diene-2α,3β-diol (3), and isopimara-7,15-dien-3β-ol (4), in which 2 and 3 are identified as new derivatives. In vitro assays were conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of compounds 1–4 against a panel of cancer cell lines and to determine the possible mechanism(s) related to the activity of the compounds on B16F10Nex2 cells. The most active compound 1 induced cytotoxic effects on tumor cells, with IC50 values of 18.3, 52.1, and 58.9 µM against HL-60, HeLa, and B16F10-Nex2 tumor cells, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed in melanoma cells that compound 1 induced several specific apoptotic hallmarks, such as morphological changes in the cell shape structure, nuclear DNA condensation, specific chromatin fragmentation, and disruption in the mitochondrial membrane potential, which are related to the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Greeting and leave-taking in Texas
Authors: Michno Jeff 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe present study reveals how 16 Mexican-Americans residing in Texas perceive and follow politeness norms (e.g.Brown and Levinson 1987;Locher and Watts 2005;Scollon and Scollon 2001) related to greetings and leave-takings in different cultural and linguistic contexts. Data from online questionnaires identify a significant difference in perceived level of social expectation (i.e. politeness) for employing the speech acts with Spanish- versus non-Spanish speakers. The data support previous research in identifying a sense of solidarity among Mexican-American extended families, but also suggest that this bond extends to other Spanish-speaking acquaintances. Better understanding of these norms should facilitate inter-cultural exchanges between linguistic in- and out-group members.
The relationship between language proficiency and language attitudes
Authors: Miller Lauren 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTo determine how attitudes toward the minority language change with age, sixty-five Spanish/English bilingual children completed an attitude questionnaire. Results show that first graders have roughly equal attitudes to Spanish and English, while second, third, and fourth graders increasingly state a preference for English. However, among fifth graders, a decrease in this preference for English is found. Results from a matched guise task show that the Spanish and English versions are not rated significantly differently, suggesting that, while children prefer speaking English, they may not project negative attitudes onto Spanish-speakers themselves. Finally, a shift in language preference is found before a shift in language dominance, which may suggest that negative attitudes toward the heritage language lead to a dominance shift.
A relevance-theoretic account of the use of the discourse markerwellin translation from Chinese into English
Authors: Guangjun Wu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDiscourse markers are a special category of words or expressions which have been shown to pose challenges during the translation process. This article adopts a relevance-theoretic perspective and, based on the two English translations of the Chinese playLeiyu(Thunderstorm), explores the use of the discourse markerwellin translation from Chinese into English. The findings show that the discourse markerwellin translation from Chinese into English is added in two scenarios: to intensify weaker forms of a similar Chinese discourse marker or as an addition when omitted in Chinese. Moreover, interlingual pragmatic enrichment will ensue and the English translations, in comparison with their Chinese originals, become more determinate. Based on this study, we can conclude that discourse markers are important pragmatic elements in translation from Chinese into English. Likewise, contrastive pragmatics is shown to be of potential in the process of translation.
Characterisation of adipocyte‐derived extracellular vesicle subtypes identifies distinct protein and lipid signatures for large and small extracellular vesicles
Authors: Durcin Maëva , Fleury Audrey , Taillebois Emiliane , Hilairet Grégory , Krupova Zuzana , Henry Céline , Truchet Sandrine , Trötzmüller Martin , Köfeler Harald , Mabilleau Guillaume , Hue Olivier , Andriantsitohaina Ramaroson , Martin Patrice , Le Lay Soazig 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological vectors that can modulate the metabolism of target cells by conveying signalling proteins and genomic material. The level of EVs in plasma is significantly increased in cardiometabolic diseases associated with obesity, suggesting their possible participation in the development of metabolic dysfunction. With regard to the poor definition of adipocyte‐derived EVs, the purpose of this study was to characterise both qualitatively and quantitatively EVs subpopulations secreted by fat cells. Adipocyte‐derived EVs were isolated by differential centrifugation of conditioned media collected from 3T3‐L1 adipocytes cultured for 24 h in serum‐free conditions. Based on morphological and biochemical properties, as well as quantification of secreted EVs, we distinguished two subpopulations of adipocyte‐derived EVs, namely small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and large extracellular vesicles (lEVs). Proteomic analyses revealed that lEVs and sEVs exhibit specific protein signatures, allowing us not only to define novel markers of each population, but also to predict their biological functions. Despite similar phospholipid patterns, the comparative lipidomic analysis performed on these EV subclasses revealed a specific cholesterol enrichment of the sEV population, whereas lEVs were characterised by high amounts of externalised phosphatidylserine. Enhanced secretion of lEVs and sEVs is achievable following exposure to different biological stimuli related to the chronic low‐grade inflammation state associated with obesity. Finally, we demonstrate the ability of primary murine adipocytes to secrete sEVs and lEVs, which display physical and biological characteristics similar to those described for 3T3‐L1. Our study provides additional information and elements to define EV subtypes based on the characterisation of adipocyte‐derived EV populations. It also underscores the need to distinguish EV subpopulations, through a combination of multiple approaches and markers, since their specific composition may cause distinct metabolic responses in recipient cells and tissues.
Production of activated carbon by using pyrolysis process in an ammonia atmosphere
Authors: Indayaningsih N , Destyorini F , Purawiardi R I , Insiyanda D R , Widodo H 
Published: April 2017

AbstractActivated carbon is materials that have wide applications, including supercapacitor materials, absorbent in chemical industry, and absorbent material in the chemical industry. This study has carried out for the manufacturing of activated carbon from inexpensive materials through efficient processes. Carbon material was made from coconut fibers through pyrolysis process at temperature of 650, 700, 750 and 800°C. Aim of this study was to obtain carbon material that has a large surface area. Pyrolysis process is carried out in an inert atmosphere (N2gas) at a temperature of 450°C for 30 minutes, followed by pyrolysis process in an ammonia atmosphere at 800°C for 2 hours. The pyrolysis results showed that the etching process in ammonia is occurred; as it obtained some greater surface area when compared with the pyrolisis process in an atmosphere by inert gas only. The resulted activated carbon also showed to have good properties in surface area and total pore volume.
Surface modification of ZSM-5 zeolite: effect of cation on selective conversion of biomass-derived oil
Authors: Widayatno W B 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This paper reports the surface modification of high silica ZSM-5 zeolite, particularly emphasizing the effect of cation type on selective conversion of biomass-derived oil. XRD spectra of the NaOH-treated HZSM-5 showed notable crystallinity decrease at specific crystal plane orientation. The N2-physisorption tests confirmed mesoporosity evolution as NaOH concentration was increased. NH3-desorption tests revealed a significant change on surface acidity which involved realumination and cation replacement processes. The utilization of untreated HZSM-5 as well as hierarchical NaZSM-5 for catalytic conversion of bio-oil showed the effect of cation type and mesoporosity on chemicals distribution. The untreated HZSM-5 showed high selectivity to aromatics, which degraded gradually due to deactivation and poisoning of the acid sites. Meanwhile, hierarchical NaZSM-5 showed high selectivity to phenolic compound, which became more stable for 0.4M NaOH-treated zeolite (Na04). The current findings provide an additional insight on the potentials of NaZSM-5 for bio-oil valorization.
Comparison of Hemorrhagic Risk in Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations Between Conservative Management and Embolization as the Single Treatment Modality
Authors: Yang Wuyang , Porras Jose L , Xu Risheng , Braileanu Maria , Khalid Syed , Hung Alice L , Caplan Justin M , Garzon-Muvdi Tomas , Rong Xiaoming , Colby Geoffrey P , Coon Alexander L , Tamargo Rafael J , Huang Judy 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Embolization has been discussed as a feasible single modality treatment for intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).

OBJECTIVE
To compare hemorrhagic risk between embolization and conservative management in a multivariate survival analysis.

METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed records of patients with intracranial AVMs evaluated at our institution from 1990 to 2013. We included patients recommended to undergo embolization without other treatment modalities and patients managed conservatively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis of hemorrhage-free survival was performed, with the survival interval right-censored to date of either last follow-up or salvage treatment.

RESULTS
We identified 205 patients matching our inclusion criteria, with 160 patients in the noninterventional group and 45 in the embolization group. The average age of all patients was 40.2 ± 19.5 yr, with younger patients undergoing embolization more often (P = .026). Fifty-one (31.9%) conservatively managed patients and 13 (28.9%) patients treated by embolization (P = .703) presented with hemorrhage. Other baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 management groups. During an average follow-up period of 7.7 yr, 30 patients (14.6%) experienced hemorrhage recurrence. Multivariate Cox regression revealed older age (P = .031) and hemorrhagic presentation (P < .001) to be statistically associated with follow-up hemorrhage. In a subset analysis of unruptured AVMs, embolization was associated with a 4-fold hazard ratio of hemorrhage compared to conservative management (P = .044).

CONCLUSION
Older age and initial presentation with hemorrhage were associated with increased risk of hemorrhage during follow-up. Treatment of AVMs with embolization as the sole modality may increase hemorrhagic risk compared with conservative management, especially in unruptured AVMs.
Can a Community of Practice Improve Physical Therapists’ Self-Perceived Practice in Developmental Coordination Disorder?
Authors: Camden Chantal , Rivard Lisa M. , Hurtubise Karen , Héguy Léa , Berbari Jade 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Background. Communities of practice (CoPs) are useful knowledge translation (KT) strategies, but little is known about their impact on physical therapists’ self-perceived practice.
Purpose. The impact of a CoP on physical therapists’ self-perceived practice was evaluated, and factors influencing changes in self-perceived knowledge, skills, and practice related to developmental coordination disorder (DCD) were explored.
Design. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was used, guided by the Theory of Reasoned Action and Theory of Planned Behavior.
Methods. Physical therapists participated in a DCD physical therapist CoP, which included 2 full-day, face-to-face workshops, with access to a 5-month online forum between the workshops, and completed questionnaires at 3 time-points: before the first workshop, before accessing the online forum, and following the second workshop. Measures completed before and after the CoP included closed-ended questions providing global scores on therapists’ self-perceived knowledge, skills, and practice. Physical therapists’ sociodemographic characteristics, information-seeking style, use of the online forum, and behavioral change goals were also collected. Paired t-tests, ANCOVAs, and linear regression models were used to analyze the data.
Results. Forty-one physical therapists completed all questionnaires. Their self-perceived knowledge, skills, and practice change scores were significantly higher (+0.47, +1.23, and +2.61, respectively; P &lt; .001) at the end of the CoP compared with the beginning. Few of the factors explored significantly influenced therapists’ self-reported change scores.
Limitations. No observational data on practice change was collected. The small sample may have limited the ability to identify factors influencing self-perceived practice changes.
Conclusions. The CoP increased physical therapists’ self-perceived knowledge, skills, and practice. More research is needed to explore CoP impact on physical therapist practices and how behavioral changes influence patient outcomes.
Listening to How Experienced Nurses Care for the Dying Husband and His Spouse
Authors: McLouth Kanacki Lana , Winslow Betty Wehtje 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Although most nurses in critical care settings provide nursing care for marital couples when 1 of the partners is dying, this is a relatively new area of research.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to describe the nature of nursing care provided for marital couples in the critical care unit when the husbands were dying.

Method:
A qualitative interpretive description was used to construct this study. Data were collected by conducting semistructured individual interviews with 15 experienced critical care nurses in quiet conference rooms. The initial sample was recruited by invitation, and then followed by the snowball method. Institutional review board approval was obtained at the supporting institution. Interviews were recorded and transcribed to facilitate analysis. Data were analyzed line by line with constant comparison to formulate key ideas and then organized into themes.

Results:
Three themes were identified: (a) experienced nurses support the wife and husband, (b) experienced nurses connect spiritually with the wife and husband, and (c) experienced nurses provide skillful care for the wife and her husband who is dying. These themes form a description of the nature of nursing care needed by novice nurses. Emphasis for novice nurses includes focusing on the uniqueness of the marital couple as the patient, being less task oriented, and being more emotionally sensitive to the needs of the marital dyad. In this study, experienced nurses relay the importance of engaging self with these couples and being present at the end of life.

Discussion:
Future research directions are to explore innovative ways nurses may provide spiritual and emotional support to these marital couples and to measure what care activities the wife deems most beneficial for her and her husband at his end of life.
The Cardioprotective Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Rats Is Dose-Dependent and Mediated by BKCa Channels
Authors: Behmenburg Friederike , Pickert Eileen , Mathes Alexander , Heinen André , Hollmann Markus W. , Huhn Ragnar , Berger Marc M. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract:
The alpha-2 receptor agonist Dexmedetomidine (Dex) protects the heart against ischemia–reperfusion injury. We investigated the signaling cascade underlying Dex-induced acute cardioprotection, with special emphasis on large-conductance Ca2+-sensitive potassium (BKCa) channels. Rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital. Hearts were isolated, mounted on a Langendorff system and perfused with Krebs–Henseleit buffer. Hearts underwent 33 minutes of ischemia followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. Before the beginning of ischemia, Dex was administered at different doses (0.1–30 nM) for characterization of a dose-effect relationship. In another set of experiments, Dex (3 nM) was administered together with the BKCa channel inhibitor paxilline and the connexin-43 inhibitor peptide Gap27. Also, the BKCa channel opener NS1619 was administered. In control animals, infarct size was 49% ± 5%. Dex at 3–30 nM reduced infarct size to ∼22%, whereas lower (0.1–1 nM) doses reduced infarct size to ∼38%. Paxilline (1 μM) and GAP27 (6 μM) blocked the Dex-induced cardioprotection. NS1619 (10 μM) reduced infarct size to about the same magnitude as did the higher doses of Dex. Functional heart parameters and coronary flow were not different between the study groups. In male rats, the Dex-induced protection against ischemia–reperfusion injury involves connexin-43 and activation of BKCa channels.
Optimizing the Care Coordinator Role in Primary Care: A Qualitative Case Study
Authors: Clark Elizabeth C. , Howard Jenna , Ferrante Jeanne , Heath Cathryn , Li Kang , Albin Susan , Hudson Shawna V. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Care coordinators (CCs) are increasingly employed in primary care as a means to improve health care quality, but little research examines the process by which CCs are integrated into practices. This case study provides an in-depth examination of this process and efforts to optimize the role.

Methods:
Two CCs' work was observed and assessed, and attempts were made to optimize the role using workflow modeling and “Plan-Do-Study-Act” cycles. Rolling qualitative analyses of field notes from key informant interviews and team meetings were conducted using iterative cycles of “immersion/crystallization” to identify emerging themes.

Results:
Expected roles of CCs included case management of high-risk patients, transitions of care, and population management. Case management was the least difficult to implement; transition management required more effort; and population management met with individual and institutional obstacles and was difficult to address.

Conclusions:
The process by which CCs are integrated into primary care is not well understood and will require more attention to optimally use this role to improve health care quality. Understanding aspects of CCs' roles that are the least and most difficult to integrate may provide a starting place for developing best practices for implementation of this emerging role.