bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of drop height and surface instability on neuromuscular activation during drop jumps
Authors: Lesinski M. , Prieske O. , Beurskens R. , Behm D. G. , Granacher U. 
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine whether drop height‐induced changes in leg muscle activity during drop jumps (DJ) are additionally modulated by surface condition. Twenty‐four healthy participants (23.7 ± 1.8 years) performed DJs on a force plate on stable, unstable, and highly unstable surfaces using different drop heights (i.e., 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm). Electromyographic (EMG) activity of soleus (SOL), gastrocnemius (GM), tibialis anterior (TA) muscles and coactivation of TA/SOL and TA/GM were analyzed for time intervals 100 ms prior to ground contact (preactivation) and 30–60 ms after ground contact [short latency response (SLR)]. Increasing drop heights resulted in progressively increased SOL and GM activity during preactivation and SLR (P < 0.01; 1.01 ≤ d ≤ 5.34) while TA/SOL coactivation decreased (P < 0.05; 0.51 ≤ d ≤ 3.01). Increasing surface instability produced decreased activities during preactivation (GM) and SLR (GM, SOL) (P < 0.05; 1.36 ≤ d ≤ 4.30). Coactivation increased during SLR (P < 0.05; 1.50 ≤ d ≤ 2.58). A significant drop height × surface interaction was observed for SOL during SLR. Lower SOL activity was found on unstable compared to stable surfaces for drop heights ≥40 cm (P < 0.05; 1.25 ≤ d ≤ 2.12). Findings revealed that instability‐related changes in activity of selected leg muscles are minimally affected by drop height.
Early changes of gene activity in developing seedlings of Arabidopsis hybrids relative to parents may contribute to hybrid vigour
Authors: Zhu Anyu , Greaves Ian K. , Liu Pei‐Chuan , Wu Limin , Dennis Elizabeth S. , Peacock W. James 
Published: July 2016

SummaryHybrid vigour (heterosis) has been used for decades in crop industries, especially in the production of maize and rice. Hybrid varieties usually exceed their parents in plant biomass and seed yield. But the molecular basis of hybrid vigour is not fully understood. In this project, we studied heterosis at early stages of seedling development in Arabidopsis hybrids derived from crossing Ler and C24 accessions. We found that early heterosis is associated with non‐additive gene expression that resulted from earlier changes in gene expression in the hybrids relative to the parents. The non‐additively expressed genes are involved in metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, critical for plant growth. The early increased expression levels of genes involved in energy production in hybrids is associated with heterosis in the young seedlings that could be essential for biomass heterosis at later developmental stages of the plant.
Differences in the geographic distribution of lymphoma subtypes in Golden retrievers in the USA
Authors: Ruple A. , Avery A. C. , Morley P. S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to examine differences in the geographic distribution of two distinct subtypes of canine lymphoma (CL), B‐cell lymphoma (BCL) and T‐zone lymphoma (TZL), in the USA while accounting for heritable risks associated with the outcome of disease through inclusion of only one breed of dog. This study included 454 Golden retrievers and associations between geographic areas of the USA and the phenotypic variant of lymphoma were examined using multivariable logistic regression. There was a detectable difference in the geographic distribution of BCL and TZL with dogs in the Northeast [odds ratio (OR) = 3.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.6–7.0] and East North Central regions (OR = 12.1, 95%CI = 3.6–40.5) being more likely to be diagnosed with TZL as compared to dogs in the Mountain region of the USA. The finding of non‐random geographic distribution of lymphoma subtypes suggest that environmental risk factors may contribute to the development of different types of CL.
Connections between groundwater flow and transpiration partitioning
Authors: Maxwell Reed M. , Condon Laura E. 
Published: July 2016

Groundwater flow drives partitioning
Soil evaporation and plant transpiration together contribute a substantial proportion of terrestrial freshwater fluxes. Land surface models are used to understand the partitioning of these fluxes on a continental scale; however, model outputs are often inconsistent with stable isotope observations. Maxwell and Condon incorporated dynamic groundwater flow into an integrated hydrologic model simulation for the entire United States. The model showed that water table depth and lateral flow strongly affect transpiration partitioning, thus explaining the inconsistencies between observations and models.

Science
, this issue p.
377
Derrida’s Quasi-Technique
Authors: Lindberg Susanna 
Published: July 2016

The article’s aim is to measure the potential of Derrida’s work for a philosophy of technique. It shows why Derrida does not present a positive philosophy of technology but rather describes technique as a quasi-technique, as if a technique. The article inquires into the potential of such a quasi-technique for a contemporary philosophy of technology: it is suggested that it can function as a salutary “deconstruction” of mainstream philosophy of technology (that “knows” the “essence of technology”) because it shows how to think technique in the absence of essence and as the absence of essence.
The article begins with a survey of the machines that figure in Derrida’s texts. It then examines three propositions concerning technology in Derrida’s work:

Derrida thinks technology as a metaphor of writing and not the other way round.
Derrida thinks technique as prosthesis, firstly of memory, then more generally of life.
Derrida’s quasi-technique relies on his peculiar conception of the incorporal materiality of technique.
The Observation Record Length Necessary to Generate Robust Soil Moisture Percentiles
Authors: Ford Trent W. , Wang Qing , Quiring Steven M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe ability to use in situ soil moisture for large-scale soil moisture monitoring, model and satellite validation, and climate investigations is contingent on properly standardizing soil moisture observations. Percentiles are a useful method for homogenizing in situ soil moisture. However, very few stations have been continuously monitoring in situ soil moisture for 20 years or more. Therefore, one challenge in evaluating soil moisture is determining whether the period of record is sufficient to produce a stable distribution from which to generate percentiles. In this study daily in situ soil moisture observations, measured at three separate depths in the soil column at 15 stations in the United States and Canada, are used to determine the record length that is necessary to generate a stable soil moisture distribution. The Anderson–Darling test is implemented, both with and without a Bonferroni adjustment, to quantify the necessary record length. The authors evaluate how the necessary record length varies by location, measurement depth, and month. They find that between 3 and 15 years of data are required to produce stable distributions, with the majority of stations requiring only 3–6 years of data. Not surprisingly, more years of data are required to obtain stable estimates of the 5th and 95th percentiles than of the first, second, and third quartiles of the soil moisture distribution. Overall these results suggest that 6 years of continuous, daily in situ soil moisture data will be sufficient in most conditions to create stable and robust percentiles.
IL-15 activates mTOR and primes stress-activated gene expression leading to prolonged antitumor capacity of NK cells
Authors: Mao Yumeng , van Hoef Vincent , Zhang Xiaonan , Wennerberg Erik , Lorent Julie , Witt Kristina , Masvidal Laia , Liang Shuo , Murray Shannon , Larsson Ola , Kiessling Rolf , Lundqvist Andreas 
Published: July 2016

Key Points
Cytokine-activated NK cells display distinct gene expression programs in response to cytokine withdrawal. IL-15 sustains antitumor functions of NK cells through mTOR-governed metabolic processes.
Scalable metagenomics alignment research tool (SMART): a scalable, rapid, and complete search heuristic for the classification of metagenomic sequences from complex sequence populations
Authors: Lee Aaron Y. , Lee Cecilia S. , Van Gelder Russell N. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Background
Next generation sequencing technology has enabled characterization of metagenomics through massively parallel genomic DNA sequencing. The complexity and diversity of environmental samples such as the human gut microflora, combined with the sustained exponential growth in sequencing capacity, has led to the challenge of identifying microbial organisms by DNA sequence. We sought to validate a Scalable Metagenomics Alignment Research Tool (SMART), a novel searching heuristic for shotgun metagenomics sequencing results.

Results
After retrieving all genomic DNA sequences from the NCBI GenBank, over 1 × 1011 base pairs of 3.3 × 106 sequences from 9.25 × 105 species were indexed using 4 base pair hashtable shards. A MapReduce searching strategy was used to distribute the search workload in a computing cluster environment. In addition, a one base pair permutation algorithm was used to account for single nucleotide polymorphisms and sequencing errors. Simulated datasets used to evaluate Kraken, a similar metagenomics classification tool, were used to measure and compare precision and accuracy. Finally using a same set of training sequences we compared Kraken, CLARK, and SMART within the same computing environment. Utilizing 12 computational nodes, we completed the classification of all datasets in under 10 min each using exact matching with an average throughput of over 1.95 × 106 reads classified per minute. With permutation matching, we achieved sensitivity greater than 83 % and precision greater than 94 % with simulated datasets at the species classification level. We demonstrated the application of this technique applied to conjunctival and gut microbiome metagenomics sequencing results. In our head to head comparison, SMART and CLARK had similar accuracy gains over Kraken at the species classification level, but SMART required approximately half the amount of RAM of CLARK.

Conclusions
SMART is the first scalable, efficient, and rapid metagenomics classification algorithm capable of matching against all the species and sequences present in the NCBI GenBank and allows for a single step classification of microorganisms as well as large plant, mammalian, or invertebrate genomes from which the metagenomic sample may have been derived.
Involution of a Borden Type 1 Cranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Secondary to Local Arterial Pressure during an Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: Case Report
Authors: Murphy Mary , Norris John 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE:
A cranial dural arteriovenous fistula may undergo configurational changes in response to local arterial pressure.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 53-year-old man had two distinct neurosurgical pathological features at presentation: an occipital dural arteriovenous fistula and cervical radiculopathy secondary to spondylosis.

INTERVENTION:
An anterior cervical discectomy and fusion were performed with the patient's head secured to a horseshoe headrest. After surgery, the patient's bruit resolved, and angiography demonstrated involution of the cranial dural arteriovenous fistula with only a small residual arteriovenous shunt.

CONCLUSION:
Sustained local pressure on the scalp may produce favorable symptomatic and angiographic changes in cranial dural arteriovenous fistulae.
The role of Cx36 and Cx43 in 4‐aminopyridine‐induced rhythmic activity in the spinal nociceptive dorsal horn: an electrophysiological study in vitro
Authors: Kay Christopher W. P. , Ursu Daniel , Sher Emanuele , King Anne E. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractConnexin (Cx) proteins and gap junctions support the formation of neuronal and glial syncytia that are linked to different forms of rhythmic firing and oscillatory activity in the CNS. In this study, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to profile developmental expression of two specific Cx proteins, namely glial Cx43 and neuronal Cx36, in postnatal lumbar spinal cord aged 4, 7, and 14 days. Extracellular electrophysiology was used to determine the contribution of Cx36 and Cx43 to a previously described form of 4‐aminopyridine (4‐AP)‐induced 4–12 Hz rhythmic activity within substantia gelatinosa (SG) of rat neonatal dorsal horn (DH) in vitro. The involvement of Cx36 and Cx43 was probed pharmacologically using quinine, a specific uncoupler of Cx36 and the mimetic peptide blocker Gap 26 which targets Cx43. After establishment of 4–12 Hz rhythmic activity by 4‐AP (25 μmol/L), coapplication of quinine (250 μmol/L) reduced 4‐AP‐induced 4–12 Hz rhythmic activity (P < 0.05). Preincubation of spinal cord slices with Gap 26 (100 μmol/L), compromised the level of 4‐AP‐induced 4–12 Hz rhythmic activity in comparison with control slices preincubated in ACSF alone (P < 0.05). Conversely, the nonselective gap junction “opener” trimethylamine (TMA) enhanced 4–12 Hz rhythmic behavior (P < 0.05), further supporting a role for Cx proteins and gap junctions. These data have defined a physiological role for Cx36 and Cx43 in rhythmic firing in SG, a key nociceptive processing area of DH. The significance of these data in the context of pain and Cx proteins as a future analgesic drug target requires further study.
Analytical fundamentals of migration in reflection seismics
Authors: Ray Arnab K. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe consider migration in reflection seismics from a completely analytical perspective. We review the basic geometrical ray-path approach to understanding the subject of migration, and discuss the limitations of this method. We stress the importance of the linear differential wave equation in migration. We also review briefly how a wavefield, travelling with a constant velocity, is extrapolated from the differential wave equation, with the aid of Fourier transforms. Then we present a non-numerical treatment by which we derive an asymptotic solution for both the amplitude and the phase of a planar subsurface wavefield that has a vertical velocity variation. This treatment entails the application of the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation, whose self-consistency can be established due to a very slow logarithmic variation of the velocity in the vertical direction, a feature that holds more firmly at increasingly greater subsurface depths. For a planar subsurface wavefield, we also demonstrate an equivalence between two apparently different migration algorithms, namely, the constant-velocity Stolt Migration algorithm and the stationary-phase approximation method.
One-pot synthesis of 2-hydrazonyl-4-phenylthiazoles via [PDBMDIm]Br-catalyzed reaction under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Nikpassand Mohammad , Zare Fekri Leila , Sanagou Sina 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A clean and environmentally benign route for the preparation of substituted thiazoles 4a–k via a three component reaction of an aldehyde, thiosemicarbazide and a bromoacetophenone in the presence of 3,3′-(pentane-1,5-diyl)bis(1,2-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) bromide is reported. The present methodology offers several advantages such as solvent-free conditions, excellent yields, simple procedure, mild conditions and reduced environmental consequences. The ionic liquid can be recovered and reused. All synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR and elemental analysis.
Efficient Routing of Star–Ring Hybrid Topology with Optical Add and Drop Multiplexer in DWDM System
Authors: Bala Anju , Dewra Sanjeev 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates the performance of star–ring hybrid topology networks with optical add and drop multiplexer (OADM) in dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) system with 0.8 nm channel spacing at different bit rates (5, 10 and 15 Gbps) in terms of bit error rate (BER), quality factor and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR). OADM has the capability to add and drop the new channels and provides the wavelength routing between star and ring topologies. It is observed that the hybrid topology supports 128 users on upper and lower ends with 150 km distance between the nodes of ring network without dispersion compensating fiber.
A Power Compensated Novel Architecture of RM-OXC Based on T-FBG and OC: A High-speed and Cost-effective System
Authors: Singh Manpreet , Dewra Sanjeev 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a high-speed, power-compensated novel architecture of N×N reconfigurable multiwavelength optical cross connect (RM-OXC) based on tunable fiber Bragg grating (T-FBG) and optical circulator (OC). FBG and OC-based OXCs are network elements that play a significant role in optical networks to offer more network survivability and reconfiguration flexibility. Optical signal-to-noise ratio of 71.05, 69.05 and 67.05 dB is achieved with acceptable quality factor of 7.54, 6.95 and 6.41, respectively, with 10 Gbps having input transmission power of −8 dBm at different transmission distances (40, 50, 60 km). It is found that the signal is communicated to a maximum distance of 60 km in the presence of fiber nonlinearities without optical amplifier at 0.8-nm channel spacing.
Up-conversion luminescence in germanate glass and double-clad optical fibre co-doped with Yb3+/Eu3+ ions
Authors: Kochanowicz M. , Zmojda J. , Ragin T. , Miluski P. , Jelen P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn the paper the analysis of up-conversion (UC) luminescence in 0.5Yb
Recent advancements in the “water-window” microscopy with laser-plasma SXR source based on a double stream gas-puff target
Authors: Wachulak P.W. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAn overview of our recent developments, regarding “water-window” soft X-ray (SXR) microscopy based on a laser-plasma double stream gas puff target sources is presented. The work, presented herein, describes two approaches to SXR microscopy. The first one is a low spatial resolution, achromatic SXR microscopy, employing Wolter type-I objective. The second one is a nanometer spatial resolution SXR microscopy, with the use of a Fresnel zone plate objective, for imaging various objects with quasimonochromatic light, emitted from a double stream gas puff target based short wavelength source. The developments regarding both systems are presented, as well as the possible applications, for which the SXR microscope was already employed. Such compact, table-top size, laboratory type microscopy setups may be employed in the near future for complementary-like studies to other, often used, microscopy techniques.
Spatiotemporal multiplexing method for visual field of view extension in holographic displays with naked eye observation
Authors: Finke G. , Kujawińska M. , Kozacki T. , Zaperty W. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn this paper we propose a method which allows to overcome the basic functional problems in holographic displays with naked eye observation caused by delivering too small images visible in narrow viewing angles. The solution is based on combining the spatiotemporal multiplexing method with a 4f optical system. It enables to increase an aperture of a holographic display and extend the angular visual field of view. The applicability of the modified display is evidenced by Wigner distribution analysis of holographic imaging with spatiotemporal multiplexing method and by the experiments performed at the display demonstrator.
Coupling Network Computing Applications in Air-cooled Turbine Blades Optimization
Authors: Shi Liang , Yan Peigang , Xie Ming , Han Wanjin 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Through establishing control parameters from blade outside to inside, the parametric design of air-cooled turbine blade based on airfoil has been implemented. On the basis of fast updating structure features and generating solid model, a complex cooling system has been created. Different flow units are modeled into a complex network topology with parallel and serial connection. Applying one-dimensional flow theory, programs have been composed to get pipeline network physical quantities along flow path, including flow rate, pressure, temperature and other parameters. These inner units parameters set as inner boundary conditions for external flow field calculation program HIT-3D by interpolation, thus to achieve full field thermal coupling simulation. Referring the studies in literatures to verify the effectiveness of pipeline network program and coupling algorithm. After that, on the basis of a modified design, and with the help of iSIGHT-FD, an optimization platform had been established. Through MIGA mechanism, the target of enhancing cooling efficiency has been reached, and the thermal stress has been effectively reduced. Research work in this paper has significance for rapid deploying the cooling structure design.
Comparison of Female Collegiate Athletes and College Age Cohort in Tuck Jump Assessment
Authors: Smith Craig A. , Olson Brandon K. , Olson Lisa A. , Chimera Nicole J. , Warren Meghan 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Smith, CA, Olson, BK, Olson, LA, Chimera, NJ, and Warren, M. Comparison of female collegiate athletes and college age cohort in tuck jump assessment. J Strength Cond Res 31(4): 1048–1054, 2017—The tuck jump assessment (TJA) is a plyometric jumping assessment with 10 flaw criteria against which technique is assessed over a 10-second interval. The TJA has been reported as a tool for identifying neuromuscular deficits that increase risk for anterior cruciate ligament injury, but group specific data on female TJA scores are limited. No cut point has been developed for groups with different activity levels or participation in athletics. This study investigated the association between TJA score and athletic participation in college-aged females. One hundred twenty-one females (53 collegiate athletes and 68 college students) completed the TJA. TJA score was the sum of flaws for the 10 criteria observed, and the number of jumps was recorded. Poisson regression was used to assess the association between TJA score and number of jumps. The association between each of the 10 flaws between groups was assessed with the chi-square test. No significant association was found between groups for TJA score (mean ± SD: 4.66 ± 1.07 athletes; 5.45 ± 1.05 college cohort; p = 0.06; β = 0.82). Athletes jumped significantly more times (12.23 ± 1.04 athletes; 9.35 ± 1.04 college cohort). Athletes had a lower proportion of 2 flaws: “thighs do not reach parallel” and “pause between jumps.” Lower statistical power may limit interpretation of the remaining flaws. The lack of control of the number of jumps may impact TJA score. To improve the TJA usefulness on the field and clinic, the protocol may need to standardize the number of jumps.