bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment with irbesatan may improve slit diaphragm alterations in rats with adriamycin-induced nephropathy
Authors: Wang Na , Wei Ri-bao , Li Ping , Li Qing-ping , Yang Xi , Yang Yue , Huang Meng-jie , Wang Rui , Yin Zhong , Lv Yang , Chen Xiang-mei 
Published: May 2016

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral administration of irbesartan in adriamycin-induced nephropathy considering laboratory changes, kidney histology, and expression of proteins related to slit diaphragm and cytoskeleton of the podocyte. Methods: The animals were divided into control, model, methylprednisolone (MP), and irbesartan groups. The 24-hour urinary protein and biochemical indicators were determined, and renal pathological changes were observed. The mRNA and protein expression of nephrin, podocin, CD2-associated protein (CD2AP), and desmin in the kidney tissue were analyzed. Results: The urinary protein excretion levels in the MP and irbesartan groups were lower than those in the model group ( p<0.01). Electron microscopy showed that fusion of the glomerular foot processes of the rats in the irbesartan group was significantly reduced. The mRNA and protein expression levels of nephrin and podocin in the renal tissue in the MP and irbesartan groups were up-regulated compared with the model group ( p<0.05), whereas the mRNA and protein expression levels of CD2AP and desmin were significantly down-regulated ( p<0.01). Conclusions: For rats with adriamycin-induced nephropathy, irbesartan could significantly reduce proteinuria. As a possible mechanism, irbesartan may improve the slit diaphragm protein of the glomerular podocyte and stabilize the cytoskeleton of the podocyte.
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) Diagnosis Codes Can Identify Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Hospitalized Adults
Authors: Liberman Ava L. , Kamel Hooman , Mullen Michael T. , Messé Steven R. 
Published: May 2016

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a relatively rare and understudied disease. We sought to determine the accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision ( ICD-9) diagnosis codes to identify CVT. Methods: Retrospective chart review using the electronic medical record (EMR) to identify all patients discharged with CVT following admission or emergency department visit from May 1, 2010 to May 1, 2015 at our center. Results: We identified 111 patients with an ICD-9 discharge diagnosis code of 325.0 (cerebral sinovenous thrombosis, excluding nonpyogenic cases and cases associated with pregnancy and the puerperium), 437.6 (CVT of nonpyogenic origin), or 671.5 (CVT complicating pregnancy, childbirth, or the puerperium) in any position. Of these 111 patients, 84 (75.7%) had confirmed CVT after EMR review. Searching outpatient and radiology records, we found an additional 24 patients with CVT who were not identified via query of ICD-9 discharge diagnosis codes. The ICD-9 codes 325.0, 437.6, or 671.5 in any position had a combined sensitivity of 77.8% and specificity of 92.7%; in the primary position, they had a sensitivity of 28.7% and specificity of 98.3%. Conclusion: The ICD-9 codes 325.0, 437.6, and 671.5 can be used to identify CVT with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.
Concurrent Validation of the Banff Patella Instability Instrument to the Norwich Patellar Instability Score and the Kujala Score in Patients With Patellofemoral Instability
Authors: Hiemstra Laurie A. , Kerslake Sarah , Lafave Mark , Mohtadi Nicholas G. 
Published: May 2016

Background: The Banff Patella Instability Instrument (BPII) is a disease-specific, patient-reported, quality-of-life outcome measure designed to assess patients with patellofemoral instability. The iterative assessment of the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of a health-related patient-reported outcome measure is vital to the development of a high-quality evaluation tool. Purpose: To assess the concurrent validity of the BPII to the Norwich Patellar Instability (NPI) score and the Kujala score. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 74 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of recurrent patellofemoral instability completed the BPII, NPI, and Kujala scores at the initial orthopaedic consultation. A Pearson r correlation coefficient was computed to determine the relationship between each of these patient-reported outcomes. Results: There were statistically significant correlations between the BPII and the NPI score ( r = −0.53; P < .001) as well as the BPII and the Kujala score ( r = 0.50; P < .001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated a moderately strong correlation of the BPII to other outcome measures used to evaluate patients with patellofemoral instability. This study adds further validity to the BPII in accordance with the COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) guidelines.
Is postoperative tympanic membrane temperature measurement effective?
Authors: Salota Vishal , Slovakova Zuzana , Panes Candilaria , Nundlall Anitha , Goonasekera Chulananda 
Published: May 2016

Background: Tympanic membrane temperature is often used as a reliable indicator of core temperature. In practice, temperature measurement in one ear is considered adequate for clinical decision-making in the postoperative phase. If one ear tympanic membrane temperature is found to be abnormal, the other side is checked and the higher reading is used. The authors tested the scientific validity of this practice. Methods: Both ear temperatures were measured within a few seconds of each other among a convenient sample of patients in the postoperative recovery unit. Measurements were alternated between the left and right ear in consecutive patients to avoid bias. Results: A total of 300 patients were recruited (136 male, 45.3%) with a median age of 47.2 years (range 10.6–94.4 years). The mean temperature in the left ear was 36.53°C (SD 0.63) and in the right 36.57°C (SD 0.62). The temperature difference between the two ears was not significant and did not correlate with body weight (p=0.2), age (p=0.09) or duration of surgery (p=0.3). In addition, 16.9% of patients were hypothermic (<36.0°C) on arrival in the recovery room and were significantly older than the non-hypothermic group (p=0.03). Discussion: The temperature difference between the two ears post-surgery was less than 0.5°C among 90% of subjects and was not statistically significant. Therefore, routine temperature measurement in one ear seems clinically acceptable practice.
Nodular melanoma in trophic ulceration of a leprosy patient: a case study
Authors: Zhu J. , Shi C. , Jing Z. , Liu Y. 
Published: May 2016

Non-healing chronic trophic ulceration is very common in leprosy patients. Marjolin's ulcer consists of the malignant transformation of a chronic ulcerative lesion. Nodular melanoma developing from Marjolin's ulcer, caused by a trophic ulceration of a leprosy patient, is very rare with only a few cases reported in the literature. Due to the disguised presentation of these malignancies within trophic ulceration lesions in leprosy, neoplastic transformation is frequently overlooked, leading to misdiagnosed and delayed treatment. This paper reports a case of an 83-year-old man with lepromatous leprosy and chronic ulceration on the foot for 22 years. Over a period of 2 months, the ulcer enlarged, turned black, and became more painful. The patient underwent regional excision and immunotherapy after the diagnosis of malignant nodular melanoma. After 9 months follow-up, no metastasis was found. Declaration of interest: There were no external sources of funding for this study. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Pattern Spread of Aquifer using Sounding Resistivity Method with Schlumberger Configuration in Dayu Gondangrejo Karanganyar
Authors: Ashari Bugar , D Darsono , D Darmanto 
Published: May 2016

<span>The research on ground water survey by using geo-electric method Schlumberger was conducted <span>at Dayu Village, Gondangrejo, Karanganyar. Geo-electric is one of the geo-physics method <span>which learned about electrical current in or on the earth surface. The equipment used includes <span>resistivitymeter, GPS (Global Position System), roll meter, hammer, electrodes, and cables. The<br /><span>purpose of this research is to determine the spread pattern of the aquifer, groundwater potential, <span>the thickness and depth of the aquifer at Dayu Village. The thickness of the shallow aquifer in <span>the area of Dayu is between 3 m to 12 m with a depth of less than 30 m, while the deep aquifer is <span>having a depth of more than 30 m with thickness between 68.5 m up to more than 165.7m.There<br /><span>is a degradation of aquifer pattern from Jambu Village (West) to Mulyorejo Village (East).<span>Inversely, we found an increase from Tanjung Lor Village (North) to Watudakon Village<span>(south). Shallow aquifer that potentially contain much groundwater sources located in the village <span>of Tanjung Kidul, Mulyorejo, Jambu, Kedung Ulo and Tanjung Lor. For deep aquifer<span>ispotentially found at Pucung village and Kedung Ulo village.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span>
Measurement of Attenuation Coefficients of Near Surface Material Using SASW Method
Authors: S Suharsono 
Published: May 2016

<span>The spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) is an <span><em>in situ </em><span>non-destructive method. It has been <span>developed and used for many years in the fields of geotechnical engineering and site <span>characterization. It is typically used in evaluation of elastic moduli and layer thickness of soils, <span>rocks and pavements.<br /><span>In this study the SASW was used to measure an attenuation coefficient (α) of near surface material <span>at 15 development sites with different material e.i. soils, granite and methamorphics rock.. The <span>attenuation coefficient which is the exponential decay constant of the amplitude of surface wave<br /><span>propagation was approximated by Bornitz equation. The amplitude of vertical ground surface <span>vibration generated by impact tests on the ground surface was measured at various radial <span>distances.<br /><span>A good empirical correlation between the measured attenuation coefficients and the corresponding <span>shear modulus and SPT or RQD data were established. These results suggest that the attenuation <span>coefficient could be used as an alternative parameter for characterization of near surface material. <span>Based on this method, the subsurface material at sites the study can be classified into two groups.<br /><span>The first group represented a low stiffness material with attenuation values of greater than <span>0.00516 s/m and the second group was a high stiffness material with attenuation values of less <span>than 0.00150 s/m.<br /><span>However, this method of evaluation was still in development stage and needs to be substantiated <span>with more results of measurements.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></span>
Pertumbuhan rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii hasil kultur jaringan pada jarak tanam yang berbeda
Authors: Ria Sapitri Ayuningsih , Cokrowati Nunik , . Rusman 
Published: May 2016

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to determine the best planting space on the growth of regenerated tissue culture Kappaphycusalvarezii. The completely randomized design (CRD) was utilized in this study, thre treatment was four different planting spaces; P1: 15cm, P2: 20 cm, P3: 25 cm, and P4: 30 cm with initial weight of 100g/hill. Every treatment has four replicates (four rafts). The data were subjected to one way of analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% of error levels and followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The Anova test showed that planting space gave a significant affect on weight gain and growth rate where the best planting space was 25 cm with weight gain and growth rate of 331.4 g and 4.87% perday, respectively. Keywords: K.alvarezii;space; tissue culture regenerated;growth;photosynthesis Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan jarak tanam optimum untuk pertumbuhan rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii hasil kultur jaringan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan menggunakan bibit hasil kultur jaringan dengan jarak tanam yang berbeda yakni P1: jarak tanam 15cm , P2: jarak tanam 20 cm, P3: jarak tanam 25 cm, dan P4: jarak tanam 30 cm dengan berat awal 100 g/rumpun, masing-masing perlakuan dengan empat kali ulangan pada 4 rakit. Data penelitian yang diperoleh, ditabulasi menggunakan Microsoft excel dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) pada taraf kesalahan 5%, kemudian dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji Least Significant Difference (LSD). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jarak tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan rumput laut (P0,05), dimana jarak tanam terbaik adalah 25 cm dengan pertambahan bobot 331,4 g dan laju pertumbuhan 4,87% per hari.Kata Kunci: K. alvarezii; Jarak tanam; kultur jaringan; pertumbuhan; fotosintesis
The maximal dimension of unital subalgebras of the matrix algebra
Authors: Agore Ana L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe prove that over a field of characteristic zero the maximal dimension of a proper unital subalgebra in then×n${n\times n}$matrix algebra isn2-n+1${n^{2}-n+1}$and furthermore this upper bound is attained for the so-called parabolic subalgebras. We also investigate the corresponding notion of parabolic coideals for matrix coalgebras and prove that the minimal dimension of a non-zero coideal of the matrix coalgebraℳn⁢(k)${{\mathcal{M}}^{n}(k)}$isn-1${n-1}$.
When places change their names and when they do not. Selected aspects of colonial and postcolonial toponymy in former French and Spanish colonies in West Africa - the cases of Saint Louis (Senegal) and the Western Sahara
Authors: Stolz Thomas , Warnke Ingo H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe article aims at demonstrating that toponymy in colonial and postcolonial settings is a promising area for linguistically-informed research. On the basis of evidence drawn from erstwhile colonies of France (with a focus on Senegal) and Spain (with a focus on the Western Sahara) it is shown that, on the Atlantic coast of West Africa, the processes of naming and renaming places are conditioned by an intricate network of mostly social forces. The interaction of these forces may yield different results so that colonial toponyms are not necessarily doomed to disappear from the maps when decolonization sets in. The authors argue strongly for paying more attention to colonial and postcolonial toponymy especially from a comparative perspective.
Comprehensive Homeland Security: Developing a Domestic Protection Force for the United States
Authors: Brady Kyle R. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The ideation and execution of American homeland security has substantially evolved over the past fifteen years from a vague statement of principles to a very concrete, professional, and institutionalized field, with a cabinet-level department associated with various aspects of its practice. However, homeland security in the United States – defined as the protection of citizens, property, and interests beginning at international borders and expanding inward – is not yet fully developed or even secure in its own roles. As the evolution of both the theory and the practice continues, an important principle – analogous to one in the field of national security – must be sufficiently addressed and acted upon: the physical act of protecting sovereign territory.
Correlation between severity of migraine attacks and IgE level in peripheral blood
Authors: Moghadam Maryam Hassanpour , Ardalani Hamidreza , Alehashemi Alireza , Adami Dehkordi Mahboobeh , Meshkat Mojtaba 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Background: The correlation between allergic diseases and migraine is partially due to a better understanding of inflammatory mediators with vasoactive function that play an important role in these diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between allergic sensitization and severity of migraine.

Methods: This study was carried out on 212 patients who suffered from migraine headache in a university hospital in Mashhad, Iran. All of these patients were evaluated for allergic rhinitis (AR) by measuring the IgE level in peripheral blood and assessing the clinical symptoms of AR. Prevalence of AR in migraine patients and degree of allergic sensitization was assessed in this study.

Results: The prevalence of AR in migraine patients was 78.30%. Total IgE levels in the peripheral blood in migraine patients with AR were found to be significantly (p<0.0001) higher than those without migraines. There was a significant difference between severity of AR (higher level of IgE) and severity of migraine attacks (p<0.0001), but there was not any significant difference between severity of AR and other factors.

Conclusions: We propose that inflammatory mediators play a key role in triggering migraine attacks. Thus, effective treatment of AR in migraine patients plays an important role in treatment and prevention of migraine headaches.
Referential hierarchies: A new look at some historical and typological patterns
Authors: Gildea Spike , Zúñiga Fernando 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis paper proposes a diachronic typology for the various patterns that have been referred to as Hierarchical Alignment or Inverse Alignment. Previous typological studies have tried to explain such patterns as grammatical reflections of a universal Referential Hierarchy, in which first person outranks second person outranks third person and humans outrank other animates outrank inanimates. However, our study shows that most of the formal properties of hierarchy-sensitive constructions are essentially predictable from their historical sources. We have identified three sources for hierarchical person marking, three for direction marking, two for obviative case marking, and one for hierarchical constituent ordering. These sources suggest that there is more than one explanation for hierarchical alignment: one is consistent with Givón’s claim that hierarchical patterns are a grammaticalization of generic topicality; another is consistent with DeLancey’s claim that hierarchies reflect the deictic distinction between present (1/2) and distant (3) participants; another is simply a new manifestation of a common asymmetrical pattern, the use of zero marking for third persons. More importantly, the evolution of hierarchical grammatical patterns does not reflect a consistent universal ranking of participants – at least in those cases where we can see (or infer) historical stages in the evolution of these properties, different historical stages appear to reflect different hierarchical rankings of participants, especially first and second person. This leads us to conclude that the diversity of hierarchical patterns is an artifact of grammatical change, and that in general, the presence of hierarchical patterns in synchronic grammars is not somehow conditioned by some more general universal hierarchy.
Crystal structure of N′-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carbohydrazide, C19H19N5O
Authors: Karrouchi Khalid , Radi Smaail , Ansar M’hammed , Taoufik Jamal , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Mabkhot Yahia N. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
C19H19N5O, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 11.8865(6) Å, b = 12.6289(7) Å, c = 13.5579(7) Å, α = 74.552(2)°, β = 83.174(2)°, γ = 62.534(2)°, V = 1740.56(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0610, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1713, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of 6-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]-thiadiazole, C13H7ClN4S2
Authors: Al-Omary Fatmah A. M. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , AlRabiah Haitham , Al-Wahaibi Lamya H. , El-Emam Ali A. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
C13H7ClN4S2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.2342 (9) Å, b = 11.9953(10) Å, c = 12.0980(9) Å, β = 116.283(6)°, V = 1331.6(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0573, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1675, T = 100 K.
Making Public Policy toward the Nonprofit Sector in the U.S.: How and Why Broad, “Sector” Interests Are Advanced – Or Not – in Federal Policymaking
Authors: Abramson Alan J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe nonprofit sector is a vital part of U.S. society with roots deep in the country’s history. In light of the nonprofit sector’s favored place in American society, it is perhaps not surprising that nonprofit leaders have had some important successes in advancing sector-interests in federal policymaking since 2000, which is the focus of this paper. Nonprofit sector advocates have secured some significant new sector-wide benefits (e. g., the recently established mandate that nonprofit contractors paid with federal funds be reimbursed reasonable indirect costs) and, perhaps just as importantly, have fended off numerous attacks on sector interests (e. g., efforts to cap the value of itemized deductions for upper-income taxpayers). However, while nonprofit sector leaders have won some notable policy victories in recent decades, especially in defending sector interests, they have also been somewhat frustrated in efforts to advance the sector even further by a variety of structural and other constraints that weaken the nonprofit sector (and some other industries) in federal policymaking. Importantly, almost all interests typically win many more “defensive” than “offensive” policy victories. At the same time, nonprofit sector advocates have also been weakened by free riders (who limit advocacy in other industries as well), the subsector orientation of many nonprofits, limits on nonprofit lobbying and electoral activity, the disconnect of national sector advocates from local nonprofit leaders, and other reasons. Suggestions for overcoming these challenges include: strengthening links between local and national sector advocates, connecting sector and subsector advocacy efforts, perhaps relaxing restrictions on nonprofit lobbying and electoral activity, better resourcing national sector advocates, and finding and communicating the “big idea” behind the sector that will persuade policymakers to be more supportive.
Recurrence rate in regional lymph nodes in 737 patients with follicular or Hürthle cell neoplasms
Authors: Vogrin Andrej , Besic Hana , Besic Nikola , Music Maja Marolt 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Background
Preoperative ultrasound (US) evaluation of central and lateral neck compartments is recommended for all patients undergoing a thyroidectomy for malignant or suspicious for malignancy cytologic or molecular findings. Our aim was to find out how frequent was recurrence in regional lymph nodes in patients with follicular or Hürthle cell neoplasm and usefulness of preoperative neck US investigation in patients with neoplasm.

Patients and methods
Altogether 737 patients were surgically treated because of follicular or Hürthle cell neoplasms from 1995 to 2014 at our cancer comprehensive center, among them 207 patients (163 females, 44 males; mean age 52 years) had thyroid carcinoma.

Results
Carcinoma was diagnosed in follicular and Hürthle cell neoplasm in 143/428 and 64/309 of cases, respectively. A recurrence in regional lymph nodes occurred in 12/207 patients (6%) during a median follow-up of 55 months. Among patients with carcinoma a recurrence in regional lymph nodes was diagnosed in follicular and Hürthle cell neoplasms in 2% and 14%, respectively (p = 0.002). Recurrence in regional lymph nodes was diagnosed in 3/428 of all patients with follicular neoplasm and 9/309 of all patients with Hürthle cell neoplasm.

Conclusions
Recurrence in lymph nodes was diagnosed in 0.7% of patients with a preoperative diagnosis of follicular neoplasm and 3% of patients with a Hürthle cell neoplasm. A recurrence in regional lymph nodes is rare in patients with carcinoma and preoperative diagnosis of follicular neoplasm. Preoperative neck ultrasound examination in patients with a follicular neoplasm is probably not useful, but in patients with Hurtle cell neoplasm it may be useful.