bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community-based monitoring reveals the impacts of the permanent river drought imposed by the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant at Volta Grande do Xingu, Amazonia
Authors: Juruna Josiel Jacinto Pereira , Silva Raimundo da Cruz e , Reis Orcylene Barbosa dos , Assunção Amildon Moura , Silva Anderson Sampaio da , Silva Helio Bezerra da , Juruna Jailson Jacinto Pereira , Nunes Josimary Abreu , Kleme Micaele Souza Santos , Ferreira Paulo Passos , Juruna Ronald Txakui Viana da Silva , Santos Rosilene Sousa dos , Lima Sara Rodrigues , Lima Sebastião Bezerra , Pereira Tarukawa Juruna da Cruz , Quaresma Adriano , de Queiroz Alexya Cunha , Sawakuchi André Oliveira , Ribas Camila Cherem , Ritter Camila Duarte , Carneiro Cristiane Costa , De Paula Eder Mileno Silva , Zuquim Gabriela , Wahnfried Ingo , de Jesus Jandessa Silva , Muriel-Cunha Janice , Zuanon Jansen , Pezzuti Juarez Carlos Brito , de Medeiros Marksuel Sandro Silva , Lopes Priscila F. M. , Mantovanelli Thais Regina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Hydroelectric dams, once seen as clean and renewable energy sources, have been the subject of extensive research, particularly concerning their socio-environmental impacts. The Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) relies on the operation of two dams, diverting water from a 130 km stretch of the Xingu River to generate energy, disrupting the natural flooding cycle along the Volta Grande do Xingu (VGX) and creating a riverine hydrological condition equivalent to a prolonged extreme dry season in the watershed. Before the Belo Monte HPP, local communities relied on the predictability of the seasonally flooded forest and the synchrony of the reproductive cycle of a highly diverse fish assemblage. VGX residents observed the transformation firsthand, noting the water discharge shortage that critically undermined the river's capacity to sustain vital ecosystem processes that support local people's lives. The Belo Monte HPP environmental licensing process ignored the vital link between the river's flood pulse, the aquatic and seasonally flooded ecosystems, and the traditional lifestyles of VGX residents. The local communities reacted and sought partnerships, establishing the Independent Territorial Environmental Monitoring Program (MATI-VGX). Data acquired by the MATI-VGX evidenced the drastic transformations of traditional lifestyles, shifts in fishing practices, and a significant decline in fishing yield, jeopardizing food sovereignty and security. Here we present evidence of hydrological-induced disruptions in ecological cycles along the VGX, which are intrinsically connected to the modes of life of local populations. To ensure the ecological sustainability of the VGX, the Belo Monte HPP operation must change to support key spawning areas, maintain water quality, avoid short-term water discharge fluctuations, and emulate natural interannual discharge variability, mitigating the flood pulse disruption. Local ecological knowledge should never be ignored in projects where local communities are the most affected. These communities should be central in decision-making regarding socio-environmental impact assessment, mitigation, and monitoring.
Investigation of novel regulatory mechanisms of TRIM29 in BC, GC, and CRC patients: systems biology approach to find novel non-coding interactions
Authors: Sharifi Nafiseh , Delgoshae Ghazal , Palomi Behnaz Saeidi , Parvaz Pooria , Khezrian Danial , Esfahani Niloofar Nasr , Ebrahimi Helia , Dehghan Erfan , Shirdeli Sayedeh Zahra , Rezaei Mohammad , Azadeh Mansoureh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The rising cancer mortality and increasing incidence demand further investigation, particularly for breast cancer (BC), the leading cause of cancer deaths in women, gastric cancer (GC), among the top five global cancers, and colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common in men and second in women. Numerous studies have shown that mRNAs and lncRNAs play key roles in cancer regulation. Dysregulation of lncRNAs like NORAD, MIR497-HG, and the TRIM29 gene has been reported in various cancers. This research aimed to explore their potential as biomarkers and tumor suppressors in BC, GC, and CRC.
Methods
High-throughput gene expression analysis was conducted using R Studio (v4.4.1) with datasets GSE134359, GSE54129, and GSE81558 from GEO. Data normalization and visualization were done with gplots, ggplot2, factoextra, reshape2, EnhancedVolcano, VennDiagram, and pheatmap gplots. PPI networks were sourced from STRING, and pathway enrichment was analyzed via Enrichr and Reactome. Gene ontology and expression analysis were performed using Enrichr and ENCORI, while GEPIA2 was used for correlation and survival analysis. Data visualization was done through NetworkAnalyst and R Studio. qRT-PCR validated the findings in BC, GC, and CRC samples, with data analyzed via the ddCt method using GraphPad Prism (v10.3.1).
Results
Bioinformatics and qRT-PCR analyses revealed TRIM29 was downregulated in BC and upregulated in CRC, but It reduced in GC despite microarray data suggesting otherwise. TRIM29 showed significant interaction with hsa-miRNA-3940-5p. MIR497-HG expression was notably reduced in BC, GC, and CRC across both microarray and qRT-PCR. It also exhibited strong links with MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC, and MUC5B. While ENCORI indicated a slight decrease in NORAD expression in BC, qRT-PCR results were not significant. However, NORAD was significantly upregulated in GC and CRC, interacting with key cancer-related genes like MUC4, MUC2, MUC16, MUC3A, and MUC5AC.
Conclusion
Our findings highlight TRIM29's significant involvement in interferon gamma signaling and Interferon Signaling pathways, where dysregulation can contribute to tumorigenic processes cancer in BC, GC, and CRC. MIR497-HG and NORAD seem to interact with mRNAs and indirectly contribute to signaling pathways that impact tumorigenesis in these cancers. TRIM29, NORAD, and MIR497-HG are potential diagnostic biomarkers in GC and CRC. However, for BC just TRIM29 and MIR497-HG Show diagnostic significance. Our study found strong positive correlations between TRIM29 and the lncRNAs MIR497-HG and NORAD in BC, GC, CRC. The robust associations, particularly between TRIM29 and MIR497-HG in BC and GC, suggest that these interactions may play a role in tumorigenesis.
Optimizing Text Summarization with Reinforcement Learning from Propagation Feedback Using Large Language Models
Authors: Andersen Nejey , Fitzpatrick Connor , Muller Anselm , Kovacs Stefan , Desai Rajiv 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Automated text summarization is increasingly crucial due to the vast amounts of information generated daily across various domains, necessitating the development of models that can produce concise and coherent summaries. The integration of reinforcement learning with an enhanced Mistral LLM introduces a novel approach that dynamically refines summarization tasks through iterative feedback, resulting in improved quality and relevance. The proposed model utilizes architectural modifications, including multi-head attention and gated mechanisms, alongside a propagation feedback mechanism within the reinforcement learning framework, to optimize the generation of summaries. Experimental results reveal that the enhanced model surpasses traditional and contemporary baselines in key evaluation metrics such as ROUGE, BLEU, and METEOR scores, indicating a higher degree of fluency, coherence, and informativeness. The qualitative assessment further corroborates the model's ability to generate human-like summaries, making it a valuable tool for applications requiring the distillation of large volumes of text into essential information. Additionally, the research provides insights into the potential use of reinforcement learning for enhancing LLMs in various text generation tasks, demonstrating significant implications for future advancements in text summarization and related areas.
Elevated eosinophils predict acute exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Authors: burghli Shadi , Bardan Hussam Al 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: This research aims to determine the prevalence of blood eosinophilia in patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and its association with the severity of the exacerbation.
Methods and materials: The study included 105 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD admitted to Aleppo University Hospital during the period from 1/3/2023 to 1/3/2024, 29 patients had eosinophilia at admission and 76 patients did not have eosinophilia at admission. The prevalence of comorbidities was compared between these two groups and the inflammatory activity accompanying the exacerbation in each of them was studied through clinical and laboratory indicators which are associated with the severity of the exacerbation, using appropriate statistical tests such as the Independent Sample T Test and Chi square, and through the SPSS-26 program.
Results: The prevalence of blood eosinophilia in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD at admission was 27.6%. Patients with no eosinophilia were characterized by higher mean values of leukocyte count, neutrophils, ESR, and CRP (higher mean values of which correlate with severity of the exacerbation) and lower mean value of platelets (lower mean values of which correlate with severity of the exacerbation), as well as the incidence of acute respiratory failure, the need for non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, the mean of length of stay in hospital and mortality were greater in this group compared to who do not have eosinophilia.
Conclusions: Blood eosinophilia is quite common (27.6%) in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD, and patients who have eosinophilia at admission have less exacerbation severity clinically and laboratory compared to patients who do not have eosinophilia.
Safeguarding Prompt Robustness: Evaluating Protection Methods Against Adversarial Text Generation in Large Language Models
Authors: Kaczmarek Samaiyae , Buren Felix van , Petros Konstantinos 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The increasing sophistication of adversarial attacks on text generation models has raised significant concerns regarding the security and reliability of automated text generation systems. Addressing this challenge, the research introduces a novel framework that combines multiple protection methods to enhance the robustness of prompt security against a wide range of adversarial strategies. The proposed multi-layered defense system integrates input filtering, model fine-tuning, reinforcement learning, and other techniques to create a comprehensive approach that can dynamically adapt to different types of adversarial attacks, effectively mitigating their impact while preserving the quality of generated responses. The empirical evaluation, which encompassed various adversarial scenarios, demonstrated the combined framework's superior performance over individual protection methods, highlighting its ability to significantly reduce the success rate of attacks while maintaining high levels of coherence and relevance in the outputs. The study's contributions lie in its demonstration of how leveraging the complementary strengths of diverse protective mechanisms can lead to a more resilient and adaptable defense system, offering valuable insights into the development of secure and reliable text generation models.
Dynamic monitoring of open-surface water bodies in the middle reaches of the Tarim River based on the GEE cloud platform
Authors: Wu Jie , Gao Fan , Xu Hailiang , He Bing , Liu Kun 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

This study innovatively utilizes the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, combined with a multispectral index rule set, to address the challenges of extracting open-surface water bodies in the middle reaches of the Tarim River Basin (MROTR). To overcome the limitations of traditional index methods, particularly the reduced extraction accuracy caused by mixed pixels in arid environments, this research integrates indices such as MNDWI, NDVI, and EVI for automated water extraction, significantly enhancing the precision of water body delineation. By analyzing the spatiotemporal changes in open-surface water area (SWA) from 1990 to 2022, a notable increase in SWA was observed following the implementation of ecological gate-controlled water management, while a decreasing trend was identified within an 8-km range from the riverbanks. The results show a 93.7% accuracy in surface water identification and an SWA growth rate of 12.47 km2/year, with 96% of this growth attributed to seasonal water areas. Runoff loss decreased by 8.53% in the S1 and S2 regions but increased by 7.76% in the S3 and S4 regions. The mixed index rule method proved effective for large-scale water detection, offering new insights for managing arid region water resources.
Comparative study of reservoir operations using TLBO, PSO and DE optimization techniques: an experiment on the Hirakud reservoir, Odisha, India
Authors: Samal Padminee , Patnaik Pooja , Samantaray Sandeep , Swain Prakash C. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
With the enduring progression of high population density, social economy and requirements of water supply, irrigation and hydropower, the water resource scarcity problem has been exacerbated in Odisha. Hence, the judicial operation of the Hirakud reservoir, which is considered the lifeline of Odisha, has become appreciably essential. Among various optimization techniques, metaheuristic algorithms are advanced techniques which can be applied for the optimal operation of a water reservoir. In this work, three metaheuristic algorithm-based optimization techniques, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE) and Teaching–Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithms, are applied for optimal water management of the Hirakud reservoir. From the result, it was found that the efficiency of TLBO for irrigation release during the non-monsoon period was 99.45% compared with PSO with an efficiency of 97.3% and DE with an efficiency of 95.6%. The efficiency of TLBO for hydropower generation was 99.6%, whereas for PSO it was 98.8% and for DE it was 98.5%. It is found from the above experiment that TLBO showed a better performance than PSO and DE optimization techniques for the water management of the Hirakud reservoir. These metaheuristic techniques will provide suitable guidance for reservoir operations at times when the presence of experts is a must but they may not be available.
A sustainable design approach of a mega hostel: a study based at NIT, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
Authors: Mir Adfar Bashir , Bahadur Faizan Tahir , Khaja Mohammad Aasif , Ghani Waseem , Choudhary Zahoor , Kumar Satyendra , Beigh Farah Amin , Firdous Bahadur Falaq , Taley Waseem Rashid , Ahmad Danish 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

In a sustainable building design, energy, water and resource optimization are key considerations, along with minimizing impacts on the ecology and environment. In this case study, water-related issues are considered from a sustainability perspective. The main objective of this study is to provide a sustainable design for a mega-hostel at the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Srinagar, with the aim of achieving an eco-friendly design which minimizes its dependence on external sources of energy. Rainwater harvesting, greywater reuse and the installation of a biogas plant are the three main techniques considered in this project. Rainfall data was collected and water demands for the mega-hostel and greywater produced by the mega-hostel were estimated. Potential rainwater harvesting, dimensions of a storage tank, first flush volume, discharges and dimensions of gutters have been calculated in this study. Greywater quantity has been calculated and a membrane bioreactor (MBR) to treat greywater is suggested, because it is space-optimized. Dimensions of a biogas plant and the quantity of gas released have also been estimated based on the amount of food waste generated by the mega-hostel.
Assessing water supply/demand dynamic balance in arid environments with policy options: a case study of Kuwait
Authors: Hadi Khalid , Aliewi Amjad , Sadeqi Dalal , Abdulhadi Ahmed 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

The water situation in arid environments is fragile because of climate change, population growth, economic development, irrational behavior in consumption patterns, and water pollution, which in their entirety threaten water security for such environments. The Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) (a planning software) was used to assess the actual (2000–2023) water supply sustainability with realistic annual growth rates to project (2024–2035) water demands for Kuwait's water future. The actual total water supply was found to be 1,375 Mm3/yr, of which 44% was for domestic, 5% for industrial, and 51% for agricultural water uses. It was also found that the per capita consumption for domestic and industrial purposes was 214 m3/yr. Suitable growth rates were as follows: 2, 1.5, and 1% for domestic, industrial, and agricultural sectors, respectively. This will result in water shortage of 235 Mm3/yr during the period 2024–2035. Kuwait is called to implement strategic solutions to fully reuse treated wastewater and the virtual water concept for agricultural development purposes. This study demonstrates that when Kuwait implements these solutions, it can reduce CO2 emissions by 1.175 million tons saving $573 million annually. With the proper measures and policies, Kuwait can reduce their bulk water demand by 235 million cubic meters saving $1.15 billion dollars per year.
A technical–scientific content management system on water reuse as an environmental education tool: the experience of a Portugal/Brazil partnership
Authors: Santos Ana Silvia Pereira , Vieira José Manuel Pereira , Lima Maíra Araujo de Mendonça , Soares Sérgio Rodrigues Ayrimoraes , Pereira Lilian Velloso , Sampaio Vanda Maria Pereira , Lima Edimar Lisbôa de Souza , Pavan Frank de Souza , Lima Maria Manuela Carvalho Lemos , Araujo Bruna Magalhães 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

This study presents the Instituto Reúso de Água (IRdA) as a high-quality environmental education tool. The results measured the reach of IRdA's direct (webinars, learning series, and mentoring) and indirect (technical–scientific repository and the production of more easily assimilated data) educational actions since its conception (Period 01), operation of the platform (Period 02), and operation of IRdA (Period 03), through its digital platform and social media. The direct actions proved to be effective in disseminating knowledge, highlighting a preference for the topic ‘regulation’ and adherence to content produced in different video formats. On the other hand, the indirect actions showed that the scientific approach is less accessed due to its complex language. However, when presented into more accessible data, scientific content gains confidence and can be of great relevance for the transformation of society. The results corroborate the current trend of greater educational reach in a free and digital format to build a society truly committed to water reuse and its more efficient management.
An Integrated Approach of Network Pharmacology, Bioinformatics, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Verification Uncovers Prunellae Spica as the Potential Medicine of Prognosis Improvement for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Jiahui , Zhang Xinyan 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Prunellae Spica (PS), the spike from Prunella vulgaris L., is a traditional Chinese
medicine that can treat Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), whereas its molecular mechanisms and
effects on the prognosis of patients remain unclear.

Methods:
Our study aimed to identify the potential anti-OSCC targets of PS and explore its mechanisms and
effects on prognosis through network pharmacology, bioinformatics analysis, molecular docking, and in-vitro
cell assays.

Results:
Sixty-two potential targets of 11 active anti-OSCC ingredients of PS were identified, with Quercetin,
the core ingredient of PS, exhibiting the most significant number of OSCC-related targets. GO analysis indicated
that the primary biological processes involved in OSCC treatment by PS were the cellular response to
nitrogen compound, response to xenobiotic stimulus, and cellular response to organonitrogen compound.
KEGG analysis revealed that pathways in cancer were the top highly enriched signaling pathway in the treatment
of OSCC by PS. DisGeNET analysis is mainly about Lip and Oral Cavity Carcinoma. More importantly,
6 of the 62 targets were markedly related to prognosis. Molecular docking revealed high affinities between the
key component and the prognosis-related target proteins. Treatment of OSCC cell line SCC-25 with Quercetin
could inhibit malignant biological behaviors, such as cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration,
as well as affect the targets related to prognosis and promote autophagy.

Conclusion:
Overall, these results suggest that PS plays a significant role in treating and improving the prognosis
of OSCC by directly influencing various processes in OSCC.
DDP Induced Cytotoxicity through miR-215-5p/COL5A1/FSTL1 Axis to Regulate Autophagy in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Zhao Xinguo , Zhang Hongming , Gu Longqiang , Zhang Hailin , Cao Honggang 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Cisplatin (DDP) resistance remains a major challenge in the treatment
of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Autophagy is an important mechanism to generate drug resistance.
It has been established that COL5A1 has been shown to accelerate LUAD metastasis
and affect cellular processes.

Methods:
We investigated the role of COL5A1 in DDP resistance using the H1299/DDP and
A549/DDP cell lines. Flow cytometry, CCK8, and western blot assays were used to detect apoptosis,
cell viability, and autophagy. In addition, upstream miRNAs were screened using bioinformatics
methods. MS2-RIP assay and luciferase reporter gene assay were used to validate
miRNA interaction with COL5A1. Transfection experiments and western blot experiments were
performed to investigate miRNA targeting to COL5A1 and its regulation of autophagy through
FSTL1. The role of miRNA and COL5A1 in LUAD cisplatin resistance was also verified in
vivo.

Results:
The down-regulation of COL5A1 significantly reduced the survival and autophagy of
DDP-resistant cells while enhancing apoptosis. MiR-215-5p was found to be a direct regulator of
COL5A1, which affects autophagy through FSTL1.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated that miR-215-5p regulated COL5A1 to modulate
FSTL1 and autophagy, thereby attenuating LUAD resistance to DDP. These findings deepen the
understanding of LUAD pathogenesis and provide potential insights into therapeutic strategies.