bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of oral hypofunction with aspiration pneumonia, fractures, and mortality in older Japanese adults
Authors: Sakai Kotomi , Hayashi Kuniyoshi , Hoshino Eri , Nakayama Enri , Iijima Katsuya , Tanaka Tomoki , Momosaki Ryo , Sakata Nobuo 
Published: September 2024

AimIn Japan's public health system, dentists can assess and intervene in oral hypofunction cases. However, the associations between oral hypofunction and health outcomes and costs remain unclear. This study aimed to identify these associations.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study using a Japanese health insurance claims database included 45 916 individuals aged ≥65 years who underwent dental examinations for oral hypofunction. The primary outcomes were incidence rates of aspiration pneumonia, femoral or vertebral fractures and all‐cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were annual medical and dental costs. We used competing risk regression and Cox models to estimate primary outcomes, and gamma regression models for secondary outcomes.ResultsThe adjusted hazard ratios were 0.84 (95% CI 0.74–0.96) for the incidence of aspiration pneumonia, 1.11 (1.02–1.21) for the incidence of femoral or vertebral fractures and 1.27 (1.07–1.50) for all‐cause mortality in individuals with oral hypofunction compared with those without. The adjusted relative risk was 1.05 (1.01–1.10) for annual medical costs and 0.94 (0.81–1.09) for annual dental costs in individuals with oral hypofunction compared with those without.ConclusionsIndividuals with oral hypofunction were at increased risk of femoral or vertebral fractures and all‐cause mortality, and they incurred significantly higher annual medical costs, compared with those without this condition. Notably, they showed a lower risk of aspiration pneumonia, suggesting potential benefits of dental intervention. Integrating dental care into medical strategies might be necessary to improve health outcomes and reduce healthcare costs for those with oral hypofunction. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; ••: ••–••.
Understanding the Lifestyle Risk Profile of Men and Their Engagement With Preventive Care: A Cross‐Sectional Survey
Authors: Mursa Ruth , McErlean Gemma , Patterson Christopher , Halcomb Elizabeth 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo explore men's health status and lifestyle risk profile and understand how they engage with preventive health care.DesignA cross‐sectional survey within a sequential mixed‐methods project.MethodsFour hundred thirty‐one adult males, working or volunteering for the New South Wales Rural Fire Service (NSW RFS) completed the survey between September and November 2022. The survey captured demographic data, health status and lifestyle characteristics, as well as engagement with preventive health care.ResultsNearly three‐quarters of respondents (n = 314; 72.8%) described themselves as being in good or very good health. Just 18.6% of respondents recorded a ‘healthy’ body mass index (BMI), despite only 29.9% having been told by a doctor that they were overweight/obese. Most (n = 344; 79.8%) respondents identified having a regular general practitioner (GP)/general practice. Nearly all respondents described having had blood pressure measurements (n = 403; 93.5%) and lipid profile (n = 346, 80.3%) in the last 2 years. Having a regular GP/general practice was significantly associated with engaging in all preventive and screening activities, except having a dental check.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate a significant opportunity to support men to reduce lifestyle risk, despite their current engagement with general practice. Strategies need to support men and health professionals to have conversations about risk and risk reduction to promote behaviour change. Nurses are well placed to provide preventive health care to men in general practice. The general practice nurse has a key role in communicating lifestyle risk, supporting patients in modifying their behaviours and reducing the impact of such factors on their health and well‐being.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareCommunicating the importance of lifestyle risk factors is imperative in supporting men to achieve behavioural change in the reduction in lifestyle risk. Nurses are well‐placed to take a leading role in this area.Reporting MethodThe STROBE checklist guided reporting.Patient or Public ContributionSurvey development was undertaken in collaboration with members of the NSW RFS. Key contacts within the organisation were involved in reviewing the analysis and interpretation of findings.
Factors Influencing the Willingness of Clinical Nurses to Participate in Narrative Nursing: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Pan Yingyan , Qi Qiong , Qiu Hailing , Yang Chao , Su Wanying , Zhang Siqi , Li Lin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimsNarrative nursing (NN) is a crucial component of modern medical humanistic care. It involves utilising storytelling as a means to guide nurses in devising future interventions for patients, and help patients in reconstructing positive psychological defences. The willingness of clinical nurses to engage in narrative nursing holds significant implications for both effective communication and the overall quality of care. However, there is limited knowledge regarding clinical nurses' willingness to engage in narrative nursing. This study aims to investigate the participation willingness of Chinese nurses, identify its predictors and explore its corresponding reasons.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsClinical nurses were enrolled in Hunan province, Central South, China, and a convenience sampling strategy was used. A structured questionnaire was distributed to clinical nurses by an online survey platform. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, willingness and possible influencing factors (experience, ability, perceptions on narrative nursing) was collected. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify the predictors of willingness to participate in narrative nursing.ResultsA total of 2310 nurses were recruited, of which 2092 nurses completed the questionnaire (response rate: 90.6%). One thousand seven hundred and thirty‐four nurses (82.9%) were willing to participate in NN, and 358 (17.1%) were not. Binary logistic regression analysis identified nine predictors of participants' willingness to participate, including working departments, professional title, working position, experience of received mobilisation and training of NN, understanding of related knowledge, NCS level, affirmation of NN and positive attitude towards clinical application (all p values < 0.05). These indicators explained 17.1% of the variances in the dependent variable (p < 0.001).ConclusionA high proportion of nurses in Hunan province were willing to practice in clinic using NN. Willingness to participate may be increased by a focus on nurses with low professional titles, no administrative position and working in specialised departments, such as emergency departments, infectious departments, critical care units and operating theatres.ImpactThe study identified a high proportion of nurses in Hunan Province who were willing to use NN. However, the figure was slightly lower than expected. Influencing factors were analysed to give insights for managers to develop more effective NN outreach programs.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
MRDPDA: A multi‐Laplacian regularized deepFM model for predicting piRNA‐disease associations
Authors: Liu Yajun , Zhang Fan , Ding Yulian , Fei Rong , Li Junhuai , Wu Fang‐Xiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a typical class of small non‐coding RNAs, which are essential for gene regulation, genome stability and so on. Accumulating studies have revealed that piRNAs have significant potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for a variety of diseases. However current computational methods face the challenge in effectively capturing piRNA‐disease associations (PDAs) from limited data. In this study, we propose a novel method, MRDPDA, for predicting PDAs based on limited data from multiple sources. Specifically, MRDPDA integrates a deep factorization machine (deepFM) model with regularizations derived from multiple yet limited datasets, utilizing separate Laplacians instead of a simple average similarity network. Moreover, a unified objective function to combine embedding loss about similarities is proposed to ensure that the embedding is suitable for the prediction task. In addition, a balanced benchmark dataset based on piRPheno is constructed and a deep autoencoder is applied for creating reliable negative set from the unlabeled dataset. Compared with three latest methods, MRDPDA achieves the best performance on the pirpheno dataset in terms of the five‐fold cross validation test and independent test set, and case studies further demonstrate the effectiveness of MRDPDA.
Development of irreversible pancreatic ductal change triggered by pancreatic duct stenting in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Takuma Kensuke , Okano Naoki , Kimura Yusuke , Hoshi Kensuke , Sato Yoichiro , Ujita Wataru , Iwata Shuntaro , Nakagawa Hiroki , Watanabe Koji , Yamada Yuto , Iwasaki Susumu , Igarashi Yoshinori , Matsuda Takahisa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimStent‐induced ductal change is a complication of endoscopic pancreatic stent placement for chronic pancreatitis, potentially leading to irreversible changes that may contribute to pancreatic dysfunction. This study aimed to examine the long‐term outcomes of stent‐induced ductal change and evaluate factors that correlate with the development of irreversible ductal changes.MethodsBetween January 2008 and December 2022, 52/223 patients with chronic pancreatitis in whom an S‐type plastic stent was successfully placed from the main papilla for duct stricture were detected with stent‐induced ductal change on pancreatography at stent removal. We retrospectively investigated the clinical features of patients whose main pancreatic duct was reassessed by endoscopic pancreatography after >1 month without stent and whose residual stent‐induced ductal change was irreversible.ResultsThe patients with chronic pancreatitis with stent‐induced ductal change (n = 28) (elevated change, 15; stricture change, 13) were evaluated using follow‐up pancreatography. Eleven patients (39.3%) showed residual change associated with stent‐induced ductal change, the degree of which was partial improvement, no change, and obstructive change in one, seven, and three patients, respectively. Stricture changes during stent removal and duration of stent placement that triggered ductal changes were significantly associated with the development of residual ductal changes.ConclusionsIrreversible stent‐induced ductal change in patients with chronic pancreatitis was associated with stricture changes in the main pancreatic duct and continued plastic‐stent placement. Careful evaluation of the pancreatic duct is required during plastic‐stent placement. Early plastic‐stent removal may result in an effective response to the development of stent‐induced ductal change.
Population‐based estimates of major forms of housing insecurity among community‐living older Americans
Authors: Paredes Lucero G. , Wang Yi , Keene Danya E. , Gill Thomas M. , Becher Robert D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe number of older adults struggling to maintain adequate housing is growing. Prior studies have used various criteria to measure housing insecurity; however, no standardized definition exists to date. Using a multidimensional approach, our study sought to calculate population‐based estimates of various forms of housing insecurity among community‐living older Americans and determine how these estimates differ across key characteristics.MethodsThis study utilized data from the 2011 round of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a prospective longitudinal study of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older. Three key forms of housing insecurity were operationalized: poor housing affordability (PHA), poor housing quality (PHQ), and poor neighborhood quality (PNQ). Population‐based estimates of these forms of housing insecurity were calculated using analytic sampling weights and stratified by age, gender, race and ethnicity, frailty status, and dementia status.ResultsTotally 6466 participants were included in the analysis, representing 29,848,119 community‐living older Americans. The mean (standard deviation) age was 77.3 (7.7) years; by weighted percentages, 56.0% identified as female, 81.3% as White, 8.2% Black, and 7.1% Hispanic. At least one form of housing insecurity was identified in 38.5% of older Americans. Individually, the prevalence of PHA was 14.8%, PHQ 24%, and PNQ 12.5%. The prevalence of at least one form of housing insecurity was higher among persons of color (62.9% Black and 66% Hispanic vs White; p < 0.001), those with frailty (40.9% pre‐frail and 49.4% frail vs robust; p < 0.001), and those with cognitive impairment (48.1% possible and 51% probable dementia vs no dementia; p < 0.001).DiscussionNearly one in three community‐living older Americans experience at least one form of housing insecurity. This was most common among vulnerable subgroups. Our multidimensional approach to defining various forms of housing insecurity can be used for future studies focused on improving social determinants of health among high‐risk older adults.
PPAR gamma and PGC‐1alpha activators protect against diabetic nephropathy by suppressing the inflammation and NF‐kappaB activation
Authors: Huang Siyi , Jin Yuanmeng , Zhang Liwen , Zhou Ying , Chen Nan , Wang Weiming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimInflammation plays a critical role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and its coactivator PPARγ coactivator‐1 alpha (PGC‐1α) enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular energy metabolism but inhibit inflammation. However, the molecular mechanism through which these two proteins cooperate in the kidney remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate this mechanism.MethodsHK‐2 human proximal tubular cells were stimulated by inflammatory factors, the expression of PPARγ and PGC‐1α were determined via reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting (WB), and DNA binding capacity was measured by an EMSA. Furthermore, db/db mice were used to establish a diabetic nephropathy model and were administered PPARγ and PGC‐1α activators. Kidney injury was evaluated microscopically, and the inflammatory response was assessed via WB, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Besides, HK‐2 cells were stimulated by high glucose and inflammatory factors with and without ZLN005 treatment, the expression of PPARγ, PGC‐1α, p‐p65 and p65 were determined via qPCR and WB.ResultsOur results revealed that both TNF‐α and IL‐1β significantly decreased PPARγ and PGC‐1 expression in vitro. Cytokines obviously decreased PPARγ DNA binding capacity. Moreover, we detected rapid activation of the NF‐κB pathway in the presence of TNF‐α or IL‐1β. PPARγ and PGC‐1α activators effectively protected against diabetic nephropathy and suppressed NF‐κB expression both in db/db mice and HK‐2 cells.ConclusionPPARγ and its coactivator PGC‐1α actively participate in protecting against renal inflammation by regulating the NF‐κB pathway, which highlights their potential as therapeutic targets for renal diseases.
An unusual case of Herbaspirillum huttiense bacteraemia in a haemodialysis patient
Authors: Fordyce Andrew M. , Heenan‐Vos Frederiek , Putt Tracey L. , Donnellan Sine , Schollum John W. B. , Walker Robert J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHerbaspirillum spp. is a common environmental bacterium usually found in soil, plant roots, and water. It is rarely associated with infection in immunocompromised patients, and rarely reported infections in immunocompetent patients. We report the first case of a Herbaspirillum huttiense bacteraemia in a non‐neutropenic home haemodialysis patient. A 57‐year‐old male presented to our hospital with a 3‐day history of malaise, fevers, rigours, and anorexia following dialysis through his central line. On examination, he was pyrexic (temperature 38.7°C) with splinter haemorrhages noted, but no other signs of infection were present. Blood cultures revealed a polymicrobial infection, with Serratia liquefaciens and Corynebacterium jeikeium isolated from the central line and Herbaspirillum sp. was isolated from both the central line and a peripheral culture. A later peripheral blood culture following central line removal isolated Herbaspirillum huttiense. Regular biological testing of his home water supply and dialysate detected no colony forming units of non‐fermenting gram‐negative bacilli. He was initially treated with ceftriaxone and vancomycin initially, followed by ertapenem and vancomycin. Intravenous antibiotics were ceased following 5 days after central line removal and he made an uneventful recovery.
Gender differences in adherence and retention in Mediterranean diet interventions with a weight‐loss outcome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rose Laekin , Wood Amelia , Gill Timothy 
Published: September 2024

SummaryBackgroundThe Mediterranean diet has been shown to be effective in improving health outcomes and for weight loss. Adherence and retention in dietary interventions are critical to ensure the benefits of the exposure. No studies to date have assessed the role of gender in understanding participants who remain engaged and adhere to Mediterranean diet interventions.AimsThis study aimed to explore gender differences in recruitment, adherence, and retention for Mediterranean diet interventions and whether these were associated with differences in weight‐loss outcomes.MethodsA systematic search was completed in EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane, and clinicaltrials.gov from inception to March 2023. A meta‐analysis of studies reporting retention by gender was completed using odds ratios comparing female to male dropout numbers. A second meta‐analysis was completed for adherence comparing standardized mean difference of Mediterranean diet scores stratified by gender. Newcastle Ottawa score was used to assess risk of bias.ResultsA total of 70 articles were included in the systematic review with six articles included in the adherence meta‐analysis and nine in the dropout meta‐analysis. No statistically significant difference was shown for adherence or retention by gender. Weight‐loss outcomes were inconsistent.ConclusionsThe results of the study suggest a higher adherence and lower dropout for women although these results were not statistically significant. Future studies of Mediterranean diet interventions should include adherence, retention, and weight‐loss data stratified by gender to allow further investigation of this relationship.
Exploring the complex link between obesity and intelligence: Evidence from systematic review, updated meta‐analysis, and Mendelian randomization
Authors: Yun Seo Young , Yun Joo Young , Lim Chaeseong , Oh Hyeoncheol , Son Eunjeong , Shin Kihyuk , Kim Kihun , Ko Dai Sik , Kim Yun Hak 
Published: September 2024

SummaryObesity is a major public health concern associated with a higher risk of various comorbidities. Some studies have explored the impact of obesity on cognitive function and, conversely, how lower intelligence might increase the risk of later obesity. The aim of this study is to analyze a complex relationship between body mass index (BMI) and intelligence quotient (IQ), employing a comprehensive approach, including a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and Mendelian randomization (MR). We extracted the data from Medline and Embase to identify relevant studies published since June 22, 2009. MR analysis relied on genetic databases such as the Genome‐Wide Association Study (GWAS) and the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) to explore potential causal relationships. The systematic review and meta‐analysis encompassed 34 and 17 studies, respectively. They revealed a substantial correlation between obesity and reduced IQ, particularly notable among school‐age children (mean difference −5.26; 95% CI: −7.44 to −3.09). Notably, within the IQ subgroup, verbal IQ also exhibited a significant association with a mean difference of −7.73 (95% CI: −14.70 to −0.77) in school‐age children. In contrast, the MR did not unveil a significant causal relationship between BMI and IQ, both in childhood and adulthood. This comprehensive analysis underscores a significant correlation between BMI and IQ, particularly in school‐age children. However, the MR analysis implies a potentially weaker causal relationship. Future large‐scale cohort studies should address potential confounding factors to provide further insights into the BMI‐IQ relationship.
Association between phthalate exposure and risk of allergic rhinitis in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Oh Yeonghun , Hong Soo‐Jong , Park Yong Joo , Baek In‐hwan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhthalates are ubiquitous in diverse environments and have been linked to a myriad of detrimental health outcomes. However, the association between phthalate exposure and allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between phthalate exposure and childhood AR risk. We searched the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Excerpta Medica Database, and PubMed to collect relevant studies and estimated pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk estimation. Ultimately, 18 articles, including seven cross‐sectional, seven case–control, and four prospective cohort studies, were selected for our systematic review and meta‐analysis. Our pooled data revealed a significant association between di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) exposure in children's urine and AR risk (OR = 1.188; 95% CI = 1.016–1.389). Additionally, prenatal exposure to combined phthalates and their metabolites in maternal urine was significantly associated with the risk of childhood AR (OR = 1.041; 95% CI = 1.003–1.081), although specific types of phthalates and their metabolites were not significant. Furthermore, we examined environmental phthalate exposure in household dust and found no significant association with AR risk (OR = 1.021; 95% CI = 0.980–1.065). Our findings underscore the potential hazardous effects of phthalates on childhood AR and offer valuable insights into its pathogenesis and prevention.