bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implicit Price Estimation of Rice Quality Attributes for Asian Americans
Authors: Goodwin H. L. , Holcomb Rodney B. , Rister M. Edward 
Published: July 2016

AbstractProduct placement survey data for 192 Asian-American households in Houston were used to analyze the value of rice quality attributes via the Consumer Goods Characteristics Model (CGCM). Five rice varieties were used for this study: domestic Lemont, Jasmine 85, Toro II, and two different Thai import varieties. For each variety, marginal implicit prices were calculated at the means for seven characteristics: color, texture, aroma, stickiness, flavor, aftertaste, and moisture.
Satisfaction Evaluation of Milk Handlers by Southern U.S. Dairy Farmers
Authors: Sayers Dave M. , Kilmer Richard L. , Lee Jonq-Ying , Flambert Anouk M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAn ordered probit model is used to investigate the factors that determine post-choice satisfaction of southeastern U.S. dairy farmers with their milk handlers. The impact on farmer satisfaction of milk handler attributes, farm/farmer characteristics, and farm location is tested. Results support the hypothesis that mailbox price and the quality of service provided by milk handlers have a positive effect on satisfaction levels. Bargaining-operating cooperatives are negatively associated with farmer satisfaction when contrasted against independently owned milk handlers and bargaining-only cooperatives. Choice and the ability to switch milk handlers are also important determinants of farmer satisfaction.
An Evaluation of Selected Decision Models: A Case of Crop Choice in Northern Thailand
Authors: Vieth Gary R. , Suppapanya Pramote 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis research examines the predictability of a profit maximization model, an expected value-variance utility maximization (E-V) model, and two versions of the target-MOTAD model for modeling risky agricultural production decisions. Model solutions were translated into expected value and variance of farm income for analysis. Direct comparison and chi-square analysis of actual and predicted expected income distributions were used in the analyses. It was concluded that the utility maximization and cash-cost target-MOTAD models predicted distributions of farm income better than the variable-cost target-MOTAD and profit maximization models.
Evaluating the Impacts of Agricultural Exports on a Regional Economy
Authors: Bairak Roman I. , Hughes David W. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAgricultural exports are important to many regional economies, as is the case for agricultural exports either produced in or shipped through Louisiana. A hybrid (revised and verified) IMPLAN model of the Louisiana economy is used to estimate the direct and indirect impact of agricultural exports. Original model estimates of foreign exports lacked holistic (overall) accuracy. However, other, more general uses of the model were unaffected by this lack of accuracy. While the contributions of agricultural exports to the state economy were substantial, impacts were concentrated in unprocessed products. Increasing the export of processed agricultural products should enhance economic activity.
Why Economists Should Talk to Scientists and What They Should Ask: Discussion
Authors: Musser Wesley N. 
Published: July 2016

Before I built a wall I'ld ask to knowWhat I was walling in or walling out,And to whom I was like to give offense.Something there is that doesn't like a wall,That wants it down …He says again,‘Good fences make good neighbors.’—Robert Frost, “Mending Wall”
Demand and Competition Among Supply Sources: The Indonesian Fruit Import Market
Authors: Andayani R. M. , Tilley Daniel S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIndonesia is a rapidly growing and competitive market for U.S. fruit. A restricted, source-differentiated, almost ideal demand system is estimated for apples, oranges, grapes, and other fruit in Indonesia. The Marshallian expenditure elasticities for U.S. fruit are estimated to be between 1.01 and 1.21. For grapes and oranges, competition with other fruits appears to be more important than competition with other supply sources. For apples, strong sourcedifferentiated substitution relationships are found.
Impact of National Generic Dairy Advertising on Dairy Markets, 1984–95
Authors: Kaiser Harry M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe impacts of generic dairy advertising on retail, wholesale, and farm dairy markets are estimated in this study at the national level. The results indicate that generic dairy advertising had a major impact on retail, wholesale, and farm markets for the dairy industry. The main conclusion of the study is that farmers are receiving a high return on their investment in generic dairy advertising, i.e., an average rate of return of $3.40 for every dollar invested over the period 1984–95. Moreover, the return on investment in advertising was higher in the most recent year, almost double the average for the previous 11 years.
Imperfect Competition Models and Commodity Promotion Evaluation: The Case of U.S. Generic Milk Advertising
Authors: Suzuki Nobuhiro , Kaiser Harry M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis article examines whether the assumption of perfect competition in the U.S. dairy industry biases the findings of economic impacts of generic dairy advertising. An imperfect competition model based on an approach similar to that of Appelbaum is developed and used to evaluate generic milk advertising. The results are compared with a perfect competition model. The findings indicate positive price and quantity impacts due to generic advertising. The differences in magnitude of impacts between the two models are small, suggesting that the assumption of perfect competition for U.S. dairy models is plausible.
Minimizing Farm-to-Mill Cotton Cleaning Cost
Authors: Bennett Blake K. , Misra Sukant K. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study focuses on least-cost farm-to-mill cotton cleaning configurations employing survey, regression, and simulation techniques. The resulting least-cost cotton cleaning configurations, employing standard textile technology, included the use of one lint cleaning in the ginning stage. The use of a field cleaner in the harvesting stage was also found to be optimal with some variation based on the desired yarn quality. Results of the study indicated that the optimal cleaning configurations were distinctly different from currently used practices, such that appropriate changes could save the cotton industry between $0.30 and $0.60 per bale of cotton, depending on the desired yarn quality.
Determinants of Kansas Farmers' Participation in On-Farm Research
Authors: Goodwin B. K. , Schurle B. W. , Norman D. W. , Freyenberger S. G. , Bloomquist L. E. , Regehr D. L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractOn-farm research (OFR) has increased in popularity in the U.S. in recent years due to heightened interest in sustainability issues, the likely decline in resources available for agricultural research, and increasing pressures for accountability and responsiveness to state and local needs. Information relating to OFR was obtained from 431 commercial Kansas farmers. Data were analyzed to determine the degree of OFR being implemented, and three models were estimated to identify which farmer/farm characteristics influenced its implementation. The results indicate that OFR is commonly implemented, and that several farm/farmer characteristics are related to the degree of OFR initiated. It is proposed that to maximize the return from externally initiated OFR, there would be merit in focusing attention on farms/farmers with those characteristics.
Estimating Price Variability in Agriculture: Implications for Decision Makers
Authors: Ray Daryll E. , Richardson James W. , De La Torre Ugarte Daniel G. , Tiller Kelly H. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractUsing a stochastic version of the POLYSYS modeling framework, an examination of projected variability in agricultural prices, supply, demand, stocks, and incomes is conducted for corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton during the 1998–2006 period. Increased planting flexibility introduced in the 1996 farm bill results in projections of significantly higher planted acreage variability compared to recent historical levels. Variability of ending stocks and stock-to-use ratios is projected to be higher for corn and soybeans and lower for wheat and cotton compared to the 1986–96 period. Significantly higher variability is projected for corn prices, with wheat and soybean prices also being more variable. No significant change in cotton price variability is projected.
A Conjoint Analysis of New Food Products Processed from Underutilized Small Crawfish
Authors: Harrison R. Wes , Özayan Aylin , Meyers Samuel P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAttributes for two value-added seafood products derived from underutilized crawfish are analyzed using conjoint data from seafood restaurants in the southern region of the United States. Preferences for the products' form, price, and flavor attributes were tested. Statistical tests revealed that the attribute interactions were not significant, and part-worth utilities for all main effects were estimated using an additive preference model. Results indicate that the new crawfish products should be marketed as a high-quality fresh soup base or seafood stuffing, priced between 30% and 50% of the cost of fresh crawfish tail meat.
A Sectoral Analysis of Agricultural Trade Liberalization
Authors: Kennedy P. Lynn , Atici Cemal 
Published: July 2016

AbstractComplete agricultural trade liberalization between the United States and the European Union is examined with respect to the agricultural sector. A static, partial equilibrium model, distinguishing among the European Union, the United States, and a politically passive rest of the world, is used to simulate agricultural free trade. The results of this research reveal how European Union and United States adoption of free trade affects domestic and world prices, production, consumption, self-sufficiency, and welfare.
Performance of Alternative Component Pricing Systems for Pork
Authors: Brorsen B. Wade , Akridge Jay T. , Boland Michael A. , Mauney Sean , Forrest John C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractOne method of implementing value-based marketing is a component pricing system. This research develops and evaluates alternative component pricing systems for pork. Two electronic technologies for estimating carcass components (optical probe and electromagnetic scanner) were evaluated on two sets of data representing different populations. Model accuracy increased as additional components were added.
Risk Management Potential of Precision Farming Technologies
Authors: Lowenberg-DeBoer J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractInitial ideas on risk management uses of precision agricultural technology focused on site-specific treatment of problem areas to reduce the probability of low yields and returns. Recent discussions deal with sensor and remote-sensing information to improve marketing and “as applied maps” as trace-back mechanisms to manage liability. A theoretical model is presented that suggests that there are plausible circumstances under which precision farming can reduce temporal yield variability. Empirical evidence from an on-farm trial of site-specific P&K management in the Eastern Cornbelt supports the hypothesis that precision farming can have risk-reducing benefits.
PRRS and the North American Swine Trade: A Trade Barrier Analysis
Authors: Petry Mark , Paarlberg Philip L. , Lee John G. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe partial equilibrium model links the infection risk from imported products to a premium, which compensates the importing country for the risk incurred by allowing imports from infected countries. The model is applied to the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) and Mexican live swine imports. The premium is sensitive to the expected loss from a PRRS outbreak and to the magnitude of the risk. As the risk or severity of PRRS rises, so does the level of the barrier. If swine imports are categorized and appropriate restrictions applied, an acceptable level of disease protection can be achieved while improving national welfare.
Impacts of Increased Climate Variability on the Profitability of Midwest Agriculture
Authors: Dixon Bruce L. , Segerson Kathleen 
Published: July 2016

AbstractApproximate profit functions are estimated using time-series, cross-sectional, county level data for 12 midwest states. Measures of climate variability are included in the profit functions. Simulated impacts of climate changes on profits are derived. Results show that inclusion of measures of climate variation are important for measuring the impact of changes in mean temperature and precipitation levels. Failure to account for the impact of differences in variability leads to an overestimate of damages. If global warming increases diurnal variation, such increases would have negative impacts on the profitability of midwest agriculture.
An Economic Analysis Of The Effectiveness of Thoroughbred Breeder/Owner Incentive Policies
Authors: Neibergs J. Shannon , Thalheimer Richard 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThoroughbred incentive programs are subsidy policies funded from state parimutuel tax revenue designed to promote regional race horse breeding and ownership. At issue is an ongoing debate concerning the effectiveness of alternative policies. Empirical results indicate that incentive programs have a positive economic effect, but gains to Thoroughbred breeders can be obtained by reallocating tax revenue to non-restricted purses. A policy allocating tax revenue to non-restricted purses shifts yearling demand and increases prices, while breeder subsidies shift only the supply function and therefore lower prices. Consequently, breeder revenues increase in response to a policy that favors non-restricted purses over subsidies.
Regional Adjustment Costs: A Failure of National Analysis
Authors: Dicks Michael R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe use of national aggregate measures for the purpose of analyzing the impacts of agricultural policies often hides the impact of national policies on the distribution of benefits and costs between and within regions, size, and types of businesses. While economists can use national aggregate measures to indicate changes in overall efficiency due to policies, the tradeoff between efficiency and equity should be measured and the results provided to policymakers. These tradeoffs were not presented during the 1995–96 Farm Bill debate.
Did the 1995 Farm Bill Address the Critical Issues? Discussion
Authors: Salathe Larry 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn 1995, for the first time since the 1930s, the United States failed to pass new farm program legislation. The inability to pass farm legislation occurred despite bipartisan agreement that farm programs should continue the trend over the past decade of less government intervention. This paper discusses the sequence of events, the role of agricultural economists, the major issues, and the lessons learned from the 1995 Farm Bill debate. The trend toward declining government intervention in agriculture will require that the profession look increasingly to the private sector for solutions to the problems facing agriculture in the twenty-first century.
Agricultural Policy Analysis: Discussion
Authors: Schertz Lyle P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAgricultural economists are appropriately concerned about their profession's contributions to policy decisions. An examination of alternative approaches to transforming policy analyses is in order. There are opportunities to (a) focus on income and wealth distribution, (b) give attention to the public as a primary client, (c) avoid advocacy, and (d) adjust institutions in ways that encourage participation in policy analyses including the development of data systems.
Federal Environmental Policy: A Summary Overview
Authors: Carriker Roy R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), which was signed into law on January 1,1970, has come to be regarded as the first major piece of federal legislation to call for comprehensive attention to environmental concerns in the United States. During the two decades following enactment of NEPA, Congress adopted and then refined major legislation on nearly every aspect of environmental quality concerns: air pollution, water pollution, drinking water quality, hazardous waste management, wildlife protection, pesticide use, and several related problem areas. Current arguments for environmental regulatory reform are a phase in the continuing evolution of this body of federal environmental policy.
Environmental Policy Reform: A Taxonomy of Economists' Perspectives
Authors: Shabman Leonard , Stephenson Kurt 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAs the environmental policy recommendations of economists become more acceptable, differences in the professional understanding of, and support for, different policy forms are becoming more apparent. These different approaches to environmental policy and research are described around a taxonomy of four perspectives: “rational analysts,” “cost analysts,” “market managers,” and “free market environmentalists.” These perspectives are compared and contrasted. Recognition of these differences can result in a better appreciation of the different research agendas of economists and can improve clarity in teaching and policy advising.
Morale and Faculty Development in Agricultural Economics
Authors: Purcell Wayne D. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMorale and faculty development are closely related. The agricultural economics profession must decide what it is about. There is room to practice the principle of comparative advantage and allow a degree of specialization in teaching, extension, and research. To continue in the role of an applied discipline, there must also be an opportunity for the young professional to establish rapport with, and understanding of, the private sector and the policy-making arena. If that is to happen, there must be encouragement in the institutional setting and by faculty colleagues who respect the importance of investment in building rapport and in establishing credibility. If that environment is present, morale should be good and faculty development will occur.
Quality of Professional Life: Faculty Compensation and Appointments
Authors: Trapp James N. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe average real salary of agricultural economists has risen approximately 20 percent over the last two decades. Currently agricultural economists' salaries are approximately 6 percent above the average college of agricultural salary and 1 percent above the average of all university faculty. Over the last two decades agricultural economists' salaries have remained among the highest in the college of agriculture and their numbers have risen as a percentage of total agricultural faculty. Conversely our profession, and the college of agriculture in general, has experienced declines in salary levels and faculty numbers relative to average university salaries and total faculty numbers.
Structural Change in Higher Education: Implications for Agricultural Economics Academic Programs
Authors: Connor Larry J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMajor changes affecting Agricultural Economics include: level and sources of funding, increased accountability, a renewed emphasis on teaching, increasing university and college linkages, an evolving student base, and the continuing adoption of educational technology. Major implications include: broader faculty teaching involvement, agribusiness program development, expanding multidisciplinary majors, Ph.D. program modifications for teacher preparation, expanding professional M.S. degrees, graduate program size and specialization reductions, alternative financing of graduate education, and faculty training in teaching methods. Teaching represents a major growth opportunity for Agricultural Economics, but it remains to be seen whether the discipline takes advantage of this opportunity.
Impacts of Chapter 12 and Lender Liability Suits on Bankers' Propensity to Lend in Western Arkansas
Authors: Dixon Bruce L. , Raub Kristin M. , Flaccus Janet A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe recent availability of Chapter 12 bankruptcy and the more frequent use of lender liability suits by borrowers are factors that may be adversely affecting the supply of agricultural loans. An experiment using hypothetical loan applications was undertaken involving 34 banks in western Arkansas. Responses were used to estimate the impacts of these legal procedures on banks' lending behavior. The estimated models indicate Chapter 12 is not a significant factor in the loan approval process. Lender liability has marginal significance in lowering the probability of granting an intermediate term loan.
Modeling Perennial Crop Supply: An Illustration from the Pecan Industry
Authors: Elnagheeb Abdelmoneim H. , Florkowski Wojciech J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTwo methodological approaches were applied to estimating the number of non-bearing trees in the absence of such data using data for the Southern USA pecan industry. The first approach distinguished between bearing and non-bearing phases of a tree life and directly estimated the number of non-bearing trees. The second focused on indirect estimating of the non-bearing tree number from changes in production. This approach relaxed the assumption of maintaining maximum yields for infinite period as used in earlier studies. Empirical applications used two data sets from the pecan industry. The comparison of empirical results suggested that the first method was more accurate than the alternative approach in predicting the number of newly planted trees over an extended period of time. Additional data collection will allow for further application of available methodology to the pecan industry.
Consumer's Specie Knowledge and the Values of Natural Christmas Tree Characteristics
Authors: Davis George C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractConsumers' willingness to pay for natural Christmas tree characteristics are estimated. Differences in willingness to pay for characteristics by specie knowledge and lack of specie knowledge are tested. Differences in willingness to pay for characteristics by specie are also tested. The results suggests that willingness to pay measures differ by these separations of the sample and, ceteris paribus, sellers of natural Christmas trees could benefit by altering characteristics in accordance with the results of these sample separation tests.
A Portfolio Approach to Landscape Plant Production and Marketing
Authors: Purcell David L. , Turner Steven C. , Houston Jack , Hall Charles 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe ornamental horticultural industry continues to be one of the most rapidly expanding sectors in agriculture. This study examined a decision model for landscape plant production based on portfolio analysis. A quadratic programming model was developed to generate an optimal crop portfolio for a selected southeastern nursery. Empirical results indicate opportunities exist for modest diversification to offset income variability in landscape plant production and marketing.
Labor Market Incentives to Stay in School
Authors: Stallmann Judith I. , Johnson Thomas G. , Mwachofi Ari , Flora Jan L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractHuman capital theory suggests that job opportunities will create incentives for human capital investment. If job information does not flow freely, or if they prefer not to move, students will make investment decisions based upon local job markets. Communities with a high percentage of low-skill jobs which do not reward high school and higher education do not create incentives for students to finish high school or continue beyond high school. Data from Virginia support this hypothesis. Targeted job creation, and improved labor market information may create incentives for increased human capital investment in many rural communities.