bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IpsiHand Brain–Computer Interface Therapy Induces Broad Upper Extremity Motor Rehabilitation in Chronic Stroke
Authors: Rustamov Nabi , Souders Lauren , Sheehan Lauren , Carter Alexandre , Leuthardt Eric C. 
Published: September 2024

Background Chronic hemiparetic stroke patients have very limited benefits from current therapies. Brain–computer interface (BCI) engaging the unaffected hemisphere has emerged as a promising novel therapeutic approach for chronic stroke rehabilitation. Objectives This study investigated the effectiveness of contralesionally-controlled BCI therapy in chronic stroke patients with impaired upper extremity motor function. We further explored neurophysiological features of motor recovery driven by BCI. We hypothesized that BCI therapy would induce a broad motor recovery in the upper extremity, and there would be corresponding changes in baseline theta and gamma oscillations, which have been shown to be associated with motor recovery. Methods Twenty-six prospectively enrolled chronic hemiparetic stroke patients performed a therapeutic BCI task for 12 weeks. Motor function assessment data and resting state electroencephalogram signals were acquired before initiating BCI therapy and across BCI therapy sessions. The Upper Extremity Fugl-Meyer assessment served as a primary motor outcome assessment tool. Theta–gamma cross-frequency coupling (CFC) was computed and correlated with motor recovery. Results Chronic stroke patients achieved significant motor improvement in both proximal and distal upper extremity with BCI therapy. Motor function improvement was independent of Botox application. Theta–gamma CFC enhanced bilaterally over the C3/C4 motor electrodes and positively correlated with motor recovery across BCI therapy sessions. Conclusions BCI therapy resulted in significant motor function improvement across the proximal and distal upper extremities of patients, which significantly correlated with theta–gamma CFC increases in the motor regions. This may represent rhythm-specific cortical oscillatory mechanism for BCI-driven rehabilitation in chronic stroke patients. Trial Registration: Advarra Study: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04338971 and Washington University Study: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03611855 .
CONNECT: Coordinating Options for Neurovascular Patients Needing Electrophysiology Consults and Treatments
Authors: Mortin Melissa , Shifflett Ben , Meyer Dawn M. , Hailey Lovella , Yoakum Stephanie , Hsu Jonathan C. , Meyer Brett C. 
Published: September 2024

Background and Purpose Though Event Monitors (EM) and Implantable Loop Recorders (ILR) are prevalent in stroke workups, complex processes to obtain placement of these device might result in delays. Our aim was to determine if the CONNECT (Coordinating Options for Neurovascular patients Needing Electrophysiology Consults and Treatments) pathway could improve Stroke-to-Electrophysiology (EP) communications, increase EM and ILR device placements prior to discharge, shorten placement time, and preserve satisfaction. Methods We assessed device placements when an EP consult was obtained [Pre-CONNECT (5/1/21-4/30/22), CONNECT (5/1/22-4/30/23)] for patients with stroke. In the Pre- period, consults were sent via EPIC electronic medical record (EMR), with additional direct communication when desired. In the CONNECT period, the pathway and module allowed for immediate communication between services. Outcomes included case rate, times, length of stay, and satisfaction. Hospital reports detailed Order to Activation (O-A) days. EM report review was used to obtain O-A time. Clinician satisfaction was assessed using Qualtrics survey. Patient satisfaction was assessed with Hospital Consumer Assessment of Health care Clinicians and Systems (HCAHPS) survey. Man-Whitney U test was used. Results 78 patients were included (30EM(38.5%), 48ILR(61.5%)). Age was 68 years ( P = 0.58). For ILRs, inpatient placements prior to discharge increased (3Pre vs 51 CONNECT; P < 0.0001) as did outpatient placements (5 vs 16; P = 0.02). Order to Activation (O-A) time savings were significant for ILR overall (32 days vs 1 day; P = 0.03) and for Inpatient EM (13 days vs 3 days; P = 0.003). Time for consultant to view was 4 min and to respond was 6 min. Devices were placed at a median 6 hrs 32 min (EM: 4 hrs 19 min; ILR:7 hrs36 min). All (12/12) clinicians preferred the technique. Patient satisfaction improved on 13/19 (68%) questions. Conclusions There was a 1600% increase in ILR placements prior to discharge that was associated with the time period that the CONNECT process was in place. The robust improvement in ILR placements prior to discharge, high satisfaction, ease of use, closed loop communication, and respect for autonomy allowing more organic parallel discussions with patients improved clinician workflow which could potentially improve future risk reduction strategies.
Sex Differences in Indicators of Mental and Cardiovascular Health in Cannabis-Using Undergraduates
Authors: Kara Thompson , Watt Margo C. , Darien DeWolf , Rachael MacDonald-Spracklin 
Published: September 2024

This study investigated sex differences in indicators of mental health (anxiety, depression) and cardiovascular health (e.g., physical activity levels, heart rate, VO2 max) in a sample of cannabis-using undergraduates. The sample included 209 participants (65% female) who completed two daily diaries for 14 days on their mobile devices; half of whom ( n = 100) also wore a Fitbit Charge 4. Females (vs. males) reported significantly more psychological distress at baseline; greater use of cannabis to cope with symptoms of both physical and mental ill-health; and more risks to cardiovascular health. Discriminant function analysis revealed that the variables that significantly distinguished females from males were: 1. Lower VO2 max percentile; 2. Fewer “moderate-to-very active” minutes of physical activity; 3. Higher depression scores plus poorer perceptions of mental health and physical health. Findings from this study suggest that female emerging adults who use cannabis regularly may be uniquely vulnerable to cannabis-related risks.
Evaluation and Management of Glenohumeral Instability in Adolescent Patients: An Expert Consensus Statement
Authors: Fithian Andrew T. , Edmonds Eric W. , Egger Anthony C. , Nissen Carl W. , Bomar James D. , Veerkamp Matthew W. , Gupta Rajul ,   PRiSM Shoulder Research Interest Group, Parikh Shital N. 
Published: September 2024

Background: Management of glenohumeral instability in the adolescent population can be both challenging and controversial. There are no current guidelines for optimal management of glenohumeral instability in this population (unidirectional or multidirectional), and the cutoff ages for transition to adult treatment are not known. Purpose: To develop consensus-based guidelines for the management of glenohumeral instability in adolescents. Study Design: Consensus statement. Methods: A 26-question, multiple-choice survey was developed after 2 rounds of iterations and was submitted to the orthopaedic surgeons of the Pediatric Research in Sports Medicine (PRiSM) Society. The survey comprised 3 sections—demographics, practice setting, and decision-making—and included cutoff ages and management in 5 specific case scenarios. Consensus-based guidelines were generated with 66% response agreement. An indication score was then applied to each response related to more aggressive management to determine if variables related to consensus (or lack thereof) could be identified. Results: A total of 54 responses were returned. Of the respondents, 59% were from academic practice, 84% were pediatric orthopaedic fellowship trained, and 46% performed >25 shoulder instability cases per year. In the setting of first-time anterior shoulder dislocation, nonoperative treatment was preferred for boys aged <14 years and girls aged <13 years. Besides age, proximal humerus physeal status, injury mechanism, sport, and presence of bony injury affected treatment selection. The presence of a Bankart lesion was an indication for stabilization in first-time dislocations for contact athletes with a closing or closed physis, but not in patients with an open physis or noncontact injury mechanisms. For recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation, stabilization was preferred irrespective of physis status. Initial nonoperative treatment was preferred for multidirectional instability. Conclusion: In the setting of first-time anterior shoulder dislocation in patients with open physes, nonoperative treatment was preferred for boys <14 years and girls <13 years. Future multicenter prospective studies focusing on outcomes would help to validate current practice patterns, especially in scenarios for which no consensus was reached.
Effect of Height and Weight on Heel Fat Pad Movements Between Microchamber and Macrochamber Layers in Loading and Unloading
Authors: Maemichi Toshihiro , Matsumoto Masatomo , Tsutsui Toshiharu , Ichikawa Shota , Okunuki Takumi , Tanaka Hirofumi , Kumai Tsukasa 
Published: September 2024

Background: The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences in the movement of the superficial microchambers and deep macrochambers of the heel fat pad during loading and unloading movements, and to clarify the influence of height and weight on this movement. Methods: The subjects were 21 healthy adults. The right foot was placed on an evaluation instrument stand made of polymethylpentene (PMP) resin plate, and the left foot was placed on a scale stand used to adjust the amount of load. When measuring, the heel fat pad is divided into the superficial microchamber layer and the deep macrochamber layer, and the thickness due to loading from 0% to 100% of the body weight and unloading from 100% to 0% is measured. Measurement was performed every 20% using an ultrasound imaging device. We also examined the rate of change in the thickness of the superficial and deep layers of the heel fat pad when applying 100% load (end load) from 0% load (unload). Results: No changes were observed in the superficial layer of the heel fat pad during unloading, but significant changes were observed in the deeper layers. Additionally, the thickness of the microchamber and macrochamber layers tended to increase under each loading condition as the height and weight increased. On the other hand, the rate of change in the thickness of the macrochamber layer tended to decrease. Conclusion: The microchamber layer and the macrochamber layer of the heel fat pad may have different functions. As height and weight increase, the thickness of the microchamber and macrochamber layers may increase, and the rate of change in the thickness of the macrochamber layer appears to decrease. Although the thickness increases as the load increases, we found that the related elasticity decreases. Level of Evidence: Level Ⅳ, cross-sectional survey study.
The Microbial Diversity and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile Underlying Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Retrospective Study Conducted in North Queensland, Australia
Authors: Kulasegaran Nandini , Vangaveti Venkat , Norton Robert , Malabu Usman 
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) commonly occurs secondary to ulcerations of the skin. Empirical antibiotic agents are a key element of treatment and their use is dependent on local knowledge of the microbial spectrum of diabetic foot infections. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the local microbiological profile, including bacterial culture/sensitivity results of DFO, and compare findings with literature. This study also aimed to review the concordance of microbiology results with national guidelines for the future treatment of DFO. Methods: A retrospective review of clinical records was performed on patients who presented to the high-risk foot clinic, Townsville University Hospital, between 2018 and 2022. All patients older than 18 years and diagnosed with DFO were included. Our exclusion criteria included all other foot presentations, including trauma, vasculitis, and neoplasms. Results: On the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 124 patients with DFO were selected. Most patients in the cohort were males (70.2%), non-Indigenous (68.5%), aged 50-69 years (55.6%), and with elevated HbA1c levels (>8.6). Chronic kidney disease (39.5%) and ischemic heart disease (41.9%) were common comorbidities. Of the pertinent microbial results, Staphylococcus aureus (~76%) was the most commonly isolated Gram-positive organism. Gram-positive bacteria were significantly increased in the elderly population with DFO ( P < .05). All methicillin-resistant S aureus isolates were vancomycin- and cotrimoxazole-sensitive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the predominant Gram-negative organism isolated (39.3%). P aeruginosa exhibited low sensitivity to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: This study has enhanced our understanding of the various microbial species underlying DFO at our center and may be generalizable. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Developing SysteMatic: Prevention, precision and equity by design for people living with multiple long-term conditions
Authors: Mair Frances S. , Nickpour Farnaz , Nicholl Barbara , MacDonald Sara , Joyce Dan W. , Cooper Jonathan , Dickson Nic , Leason Isobel , Abbasi Qammer H. , Akin Izzettin F. , Deligianni Fani , Camacho Elizabeth , Downing Jennifer , Garrett Hilary , Johnston Gray Martina , Lowe David J. , Imran Muhammad A. , Padmanabhan Sandosh , McCowan Colin , Clarkson P. John , Walker Lauren E. , Buchan Iain 
Published: September 2024

Background The number of individuals living with multiple (≥2) long term conditions (MLTCs) is a growing global challenge. People with MLTCs experience reduced life expectancy, complex healthcare needs, higher healthcare utilisation, increased burden of treatment, poorer quality of life and higher mortality. Evolving technologies including artificial intelligence (AI) could address some of these challenges by enabling more preventive and better integrated care, however, they may also exacerbate inequities. Objective We aim to deliver an equity focused, action-ready plan for transforming MLTC prevention and care, co-designed by people with lived experience of MLTCs and delivered through an Innovation Hub: SysteMatic. Design Our Hub is being co-designed by people with lived experience of MLTCs, practitioners, academics and industry partners in Liverpool and Glasgow, UK. This work builds on research into mental-physical health interdependence across the life-course, and on mobilisation of large-scale quantitative data and technology validation in health and care systems serving deprived populations in Glasgow and Liverpool. We work with 3 population segments: 1) Children & Families: facing psychosocial and environmental challenges with lifetime impacts; 2). Working Life: people with poorly integrated mental, physical and social care; and 3) Pre-Frailty: older people with MLTCs. We aim to understand their experiences and in parallel look at routinely collected health data on people with MLTCs to help us identify targets for intervention. We are co-identifying opportunities for systems transformation with our patient partners, healthcare professionals and through discussion with companies and public-sector organisations. We are co-defining 3/5/7-year MLTC innovation/transition targets and sustainable learning approaches. Discussion SysteMatic will deliver an actionable MLTC Innovation Hub strategic plan, with investment from the UK National Health Service, civic health and care partners, universities, and industry, enabling feedback of well-translated, patient and public prioritised problems into the engineering, physical, health and social sciences to underpin future equitable innovation delivery.
CD37 in acute myeloid leukemia: a novel surface target for drug delivery
Authors: Jeremy Erin , Artiga Esthela , Elgamal Sara , Cheney Carolyn , Eicher Dalen , Zalponik Kevan , Orwick Shelley , Mao Charlene , Wasmuth Ronni , Harrington Bonnie , Mustonen Allison , Beshay Peter , Halley Patrick , Castro Carlos , Williams Katie , Hing Zachary , Chen Timothy , Lucas Christopher , Vantangoli Nicholas J. , Lapalombella Rosa , Grieselhuber Nicole , Mo Xiaokui , Hertlein Erin , Muthusamy Natarajan , Mundy-Bosse Bethany L. , Byrd John C. , Larkin Karilyn T. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common and lethal leukemia in adults. AML consists of many genetic subtypes, which limits broad applicability of targeted therapy. We discovered that the hematopoiesis-restricted tetraspanin CD37 is expressed on the majority of primary AML blasts and thus may represent a common therapeutic target for AML regardless of subtype. We demonstrate that the internalization properties of CD37 are distinct in AML blasts when compared with normal blood cells, and that CD37 rapidly accumulates inside AML blasts via dynamin-dependent endocytosis. Our work revealed that the clinically relevant anti-CD37 antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) Debio 1562 (αCD37-DM1) is highly cytotoxic to AML blasts, but not normal hematopoietic stem cells. We found that αCD37-DM1 improved clinical outcomes and overall survival in multiple in vivo models of AML. Together, these data demonstrate that targeting CD37 with an ADC such as αCD37-DM1 is a feasible and promising therapeutic option for the treatment of AML.
Quadruplet regimens for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ebraheem Mohammad S. , Chakraborty Rajshekhar , Rochwerg Bram , Visram Alissa , Mohyuddin Ghulam Rehman , Venner Christopher P. , Sandhu Irwindeep , McCurdy Arleigh , Facon Thierry , Mateos Maria-Victoria , Mian Hira 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Quadruplet regimens (anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies [mAbs] with proteasome inhibitor [PI] and immunomodulatory drugs [IMiDs]) are increasingly being investigated in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). The objective of our study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to measure the efficacy and toxicity of quadruplet regimens used in NDMM. Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, clinical trial registries, and meeting libraries from inception to 24 January 2024, in addition to American Society of Clinical Oncology conference abstracts 2024, were searched using terms reflecting multiple myeloma and components of the quadruplet regimen. Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared backbone regimens consisting of a PI and IMiD vs the same regimen plus an anti-CD38 mAb in NDMM. We identified 7 RCTs including 3716 patients. Compared with triplets, quadruplets increase the overall response rate (ORR; relative risk [RR], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.05) and progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio [HR], 0.55; 95% CI, 0.46-0.66). Quadruplets increase the rates of minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity at 10–5 (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.23-1.58) and 10–6 (RR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.36-1.94). Quadruplets improve overall survival (OS; HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.53-0.79). There was a slight increase in the rates of grade 3 to 4 infections (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07-1.39) noted with quadruplets compared with triplets. Overall, in this meta-analysis, quadruplets were associated with improved efficacy including ORR, MRD negativity, PFS, and OS, with a slight increase in infection rates. Quadruplet regimens represent a new standard of care, particularly in transplant-eligible NDMM.
A multiscale approach to understanding the shared blue-orange flower color polymorphism in two Lysimachia species
Authors: Sánchez-Cabrera Mercedes , Narbona Eduardo , Arista Montserrat , Ortiz Pedro L. , Jiménez-López Francisco J. , Fuller Amelia , Carter Benjamin , Whittall Justen B. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Polymorphisms are common in nature, but they are rarely shared among closely related species. Polymorphisms could originate through convergence, ancestral polymorphism, or introgression. Although shared neutral genomic variation across species is commonplace, few examples of shared functional traits exist. The blue-orange petal color polymorphisms in two closely related species, Lysimachia monelli and L. arvensis were investigated with UV-vis reflectance spectra, flavonoid biochemistry, and transcriptome comparisons followed by climate niche analysis.

Results
Similar color morphs between species have nearly identical reflectance spectra, flavonoid biochemistry, and ABP gene expression patterns. Transcriptome comparisons reveal two orange-specific genes directly involved in both blue-orange color polymorphisms: DFR-2 specificity redirects flux from the malvidin to the pelargonidin while BZ1-2 stabilizes the pelargonidin with glucose, producing the orange pelargonidin 3-glucoside. Moreover, a reduction of F3’5’H expression in orange petals also favors pelargonidin production. The climate niches for each color morph are the same between the two species for three temperature characteristics but differ for four precipitation variables.

Conclusions
The similarities in reflectance spectra, biochemistry, and ABP genes suggest that a single shift from blue-to-orange shared by both lineages is the most plausible explanation. Our evidence suggests that this persistent flower color polymorphism may represent an ancestrally polymorphic trait that has transcended speciation, yet future analyses are necessary to confidently reject the alternative hypotheses.
Identification of quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for pod shatter resistance in Brassica carinata
Authors: Raman Rosy , Zhang Zun Xu , Diffey Simon , Qiu Yu , Niu Yan , Zou Jun , Raman Harsh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding the genetic control of pod shatter resistance and its association with pod length is crucial for breeding improved pod shatter resistance and reducing pre-harvest yield losses due to extensive shattering in cultivars of Brassica species. In this study, we evaluated a doubled haploid (DH) mapping population derived from an F1 cross between two Brassica carinata parental lines Y-BcDH64 and W-BcDH76 (YWDH), originating from Ethiopia and determined genetic bases of variation in pod length and pod shatter resistance, measured as rupture energy. The YWDH population, its parental lines and 11 controls were grown across three years for genetic analysis.

Results
By using three quantitative trait loci (QTL) analytic approaches, we identified nine genomic regions on B02, B03, B04, B06, B07 and C01 chromosomes for rupture energy that were repeatedly detected across three growing environments. One of the QTL on chromosome B07, flanked with DArTseq markers 100,046,735 and 100,022,658, accounted for up to 27.6% of genetic variance in rupture energy. We observed no relationship between pod length and rupture energy, suggesting that pod length does not contribute to variation in pod shatter resistance. Comparative mapping identified six candidate genes; SHP1 on B6, FUL and MAN on chromosomes B07, IND and NST2 on B08, and MAN7 on C07 that mapped within 0.2 Mb from the QTL for rupture energy.

Conclusion
The results suggest that favourable alleles of stable QTL on B06, B07, B08 and C01 for pod shatter resistance can be incorporated into the shatter-prone B. carinata and its related species to improve final seed yield at harvest.