bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educación, ciencia y blancura en 'Stella' y 'Mecha Iturbe' de César Duayen
Authors: Castro Andrea 
Published: September 2016

Educación, Ciencia y blancura en Stella y Mecha Iturbe de César Duayen El presente trabajo estudia el lugar que ocupan la educación y la ciencia en el proceso de imaginar la nación deseada en las dos primeras novelas de César Duayen, a saber Stella (1905) y Mecha Iturbe (1906). A estos fines se analizan las relaciones que se establecen en las novelas entre Educación, Ciencia y Nación así como los modos en los que las ficciones se auto-atribuyen agencia para imaginar y concretizar lo imaginado en el mundo diegético. Dentro de este entramado, la tensión entre lo local y lo global –o lo nacional y lo cosmopolita– jugará un papel clave, papel que también se discute a lo largo del trabajo. Asimismo, se argumenta que el color blanco y los cuerpos blancos serán elementos centrales en la representación de los conflictos con los que se enfrenta la nación deseada y de los ideales que la guían. Palabras clave: literatura hispanoamericana, literatura argentina, cosmopolitismo, nación, ciencia, blancura Education, Science and Whiteness in Stella and Mecha Iturbe by César Duayen The present article studies the role of education and science in the process of imagining the desired nation in the first two novels by César Duayen, namely, Stella (1905) and Mecha Iturbe (1906). To this end, the analysis focuses on the relations established between Education, Science and Nation as well as on the ways through which the narratives attribute themselves the authority to imagine the nation and realize this imagination in the diegetic world. Within this framework, the tension between the local and the global – or the national and the cosmopolitan – will play a central role, which is also discussed along the essay. Furthermore, it is argued that white as a colour as well as white bodies will be central elements for the conveyance of both the conflicts that the desired nation faces and the ideals that guide it. Key words: Latin-American literature, Argentinean literature, cosmopolitism, nation, science, whiteness
De la historia a la histeria. 'Las teorías salvajes' de Pola Oloixarac
Authors: Gallego Cuiñas Ana , Sánchez Flores Soledad 
Published: September 2016

Resumen Pola Oloixarac se presenta como paradigma de un nuevo escenario histórico y epistemológico en la concepción, escritura y lectura de la literatura argentina actual. Así en en este artículo hacemos un recorrido de la "historia" a la "histeria" de su ficción: desde el análisis de la historia reciente argentina, hasta la construcción y recepción de la (auto)figuración de la autora. Al mismo tiempo abordamos la pugna crítica entre fuerzas de tasación literaria que oscilan entre la promoción mercadotécnica y el aval de la doxa académica, y que tienen como eje central la imagen espectacularizada y la marca construída de y por Pola Oloixarac. Pola Oloixarac is presented as a paradigm of a new historical and epistemological scene in the way of thinking, reading and writing in today´s Argentinian literature. To do this, we go from "History" to "Hysteria": from the analysis of the recent Argentinian history, to the construction and reception of the author´s autofiguration. It´s presented a critical shove between forces of literary appraisal, between marketing promotion and the endorsement of academic doxa, whose centerpiece of criticism is the spectacularized image, brand and logo of Oloixarac.
Guillermo de Torre y el catálogo de la editorial Losada
Authors: Larraz Fernando 
Published: September 2016

Resumen Este trabajo intenta establecer las causas que expliquen por qué Editorial Losada, cuyo catálogo había incluido muchos de los títulos más relevantes de la literatura latinoamericana y argentina de los años cuarenta, comenzó a experimentar un declive a causa de su evolución conservadora en el terreno formal en 1955. Entre estos factores se destaca la renuncia de Guillermo de Torre como director editorial en 1955 y se explica el papel que el crítico y editor tuvo en la evolución del proyecto editorial. Palabras clave: Losada, literatura argentina, Guillermo de Torre. Abstract This paper tries to set the causes which explain why the Publishing Company Losada, whose catalogue had included many of the most relevant books of Latin American Literature during the 1940s, began to experience a decline because of its progressive conservative forms. Among these factors, it is outlined the resignation of Guillermo de Torre as editorial director in 1955, and it is explained the role that he had in the development of this publishing project. Key Words: Losada, Argentinian Literature, Guillermo de Torre.
Spatial emission distribution and carrier recombination dynamics in regularly arrayed InGaN/GaN quantum structure nanocolumns
Authors: Oto Takao , Mizuno Yutaro , Miyagawa Rin , Kano Tatsuya , Yoshida Jun , Ema Kazuhiro , Kishino Katsumi 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Emission mechanisms in regularly arrayed InGaN/GaN quantum structures on GaN nanocolumns were investigated, focusing on the spatial emission distribution at the nanocolumn tops and the carrier recombination dynamics. The double-peak emission originated from the dot- and well-like InGaN areas with different In compositions was observed. From the results regarding the spatial emission distribution, we proposed a simple analytical approach to evaluating the carrier recombination dynamics using the rate equations based on the two energy states. The considerable six lifetimes can be uniquely determined from the experimental results. Carrier transfer from the high- to the low-energy state is dominant at high temperatures, producing the increased total emission efficiency of the inner low-energy area. In addition, the internal quantum efficiency should not be simply discussed using only the integrated intensity ratio between low and room temperatures because of the carrier transfer from high- to low-energy states.
Optimized modification of gold nanoparticles with a self-assembled monolayer for suppression of nonspecific binding in DNA assays
Authors: Esashika Keiko , Saiki Toshiharu 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Homogeneous DNA assays using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) require the reduction of nonspecific binding between AuNPs to improve sensitivity in detecting the target molecule. In this study, we employed alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for modifying the AuNP surface to attain both good dispersability and high hybridization efficiency. The alkanethiol SAMs enhance the repulsive interaction between AuNPs, reducing nonspecific binding and promoting the extension of surface-immobilized ssDNA into the solvent, thus enhancing the hybridization process. Introduction of oligoethylene glycol into the alkanethiol prevented nonspecific binding caused by the entanglement of alkane chains. Finally, the conditions were optimized by controlling the surface charge density through the introduction of a COOH group at the alkanethiol terminus, resulting in the complete blocking of nonspecific binding and the maintenance of high hybridization efficiency.
Insights from a refined decomposition of cloud feedbacks
Authors: Zelinka Mark D. , Zhou Chen , Klein Stephen A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDecomposing cloud feedback into components due to changes in several gross cloud properties provides valuable insights into its physical causes. Here we present a refined decomposition that separately considers changes in free tropospheric and low cloud properties, better connecting feedbacks to individual governing processes and avoiding ambiguities present in a commonly used decomposition. It reveals that three net cloud feedback components are robustly nonzero: positive feedbacks from increasing free tropospheric cloud altitude and decreasing low cloud cover and a negative feedback from increasing low cloud optical depth. Low cloud amount feedback is the dominant contributor to spread in net cloud feedback but its anticorrelation with other components damps overall spread. The ensemble mean free tropospheric cloud altitude feedback is roughly 60% as large as the standard cloud altitude feedback because it avoids aliasing in low cloud reductions. Implications for the “null hypothesis” climate sensitivity from well‐understood and robustly simulated feedbacks are discussed.
Global modeling of tropospheric iodine aerosol
Authors: Sherwen Tomás M. , Evans Mat J. , Spracklen Dominick V. , Carpenter Lucy J. , Chance Rosie , Baker Alex R. , Schmidt Johan A. , Breider Thomas J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNatural aerosols play a central role in the Earth system. The conversion of dimethyl sulfide to sulfuric acid is the dominant source of oceanic secondary aerosol. Ocean emitted iodine can also produce aerosol. Using a GEOS‐Chem model, we present a simulation of iodine aerosol. The simulation compares well with the limited observational data set. Iodine aerosol concentrations are highest in the tropical marine boundary layer (MBL) averaging 5.2 ng (I) m−3 with monthly maximum concentrations of 90 ng (I) m−3. These masses are small compared to sulfate (0.75% of MBL burden, up to 11% regionally) but are more significant compared to dimethyl sulfide sourced sulfate (3% of the MBL burden, up to 101% regionally). In the preindustrial, iodine aerosol makes up 0.88% of the MBL burden sulfate mass and regionally up to 21%. Iodine aerosol may be an important regional mechanism for ocean‐atmosphere interaction.
Assessing the relative effects of emissions, climate means, and variability on large water supply systems
Authors: Whateley Sarah , Brown Casey 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSome of the greatest societal risks of climate change rise from the potential impacts to water supply. Yet prescribing adaptation policies in the near term is made difficult by the uncertainty in climate projections at relevant spatial scales and the conflating effects of uncertainties in emissions, model error, and internal variability. In this work, a new framework is implemented to explore the vulnerability of reservoir systems in the northeastern U.S. to climate change and attribute vulnerabilities to changes in mean climate, natural variability, or emission scenarios. Analysis of variance is used to explore the contributions of uncertainties to system performance. Diagnosing the relative risks to water supply will help water resource engineers better adapt to uncertain future conditions. The results indicate that uncertainty in water supply system performance can be attributed mostly to uncertainty in internal variability over policy‐relevant planning horizons, and thus, adaptation efforts should focus on managing variability.
Elucidating the role of vegetation in the initiation of rainfall‐induced shallow landslides: Insights from an extreme rainfall event in the Colorado Front Range
Authors: McGuire Luke A. , Rengers Francis K. , Kean Jason W. , Coe Jeffrey A. , Mirus Benjamin B. , Baum Rex L. , Godt Jonathan W. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMore than 1100 debris flows were mobilized from shallow landslides during a rainstorm from 9 to 13 September 2013 in the Colorado Front Range, with the vast majority initiating on sparsely vegetated, south facing terrain. To investigate the physical processes responsible for the observed aspect control, we made measurements of soil properties on a densely forested north facing hillslope and a grassland‐dominated south facing hillslope in the Colorado Front Range and performed numerical modeling of transient changes in soil pore water pressure throughout the rainstorm. Using the numerical model, we quantitatively assessed interactions among vegetation, rainfall interception, subsurface hydrology, and slope stability. Results suggest that apparent cohesion supplied by roots was responsible for the observed connection between debris flow initiation and slope aspect. Results suggest that future climate‐driven modifications to forest structure could substantially influence landslide hazards throughout the Front Range and similar water‐limited environments where vegetation communities may be more susceptible to small variations in climate.
How fast is the middle‐lower crust flowing in eastern Tibet? A constraint from geodetic observations
Authors: Yi Shuang , Freymueller Jeffrey T. , Sun Wenke 
Published: September 2016

AbstractVarious geophysical observations, including seismological and magnetotelluric imaging, have implied that the deep crust beneath eastern Tibet may be partially melted and flowing faster than the brittle upper crust. However, it is still unclear how much faster the deep crust is flowing. Geodetic observations, which are more sensitive to dynamic changes, provide constraints on the flow rate of the middle and lower crust (MLC). Three‐dimensional GPS velocities show that deformation within the brittle upper crust contributes little (0.02 ± 0.02 mm/yr) to the overall surface uplift (2.7 ± 0.3 mm/yr). Therefore, two plausible models for the surface uplift are discussed, which are consistent with the geodetic constraints. In the deep crustal flow model, crustal thickening requires the horizontal flow rate of the MLC to be 330%–710% of the rate of motion of the upper crust, and the deepening of the Moho is only up to 35% of that required to maintain isostatic balance; isostasy may not be maintained over the geodetic timescale. In the hybrid model of deep crustal flow and convective lithospheric detachment, the Moho is uprising, and only weak or moderate (130%–250%) deep crustal flow is required, which results in moderate present‐day crustal thickening beneath eastern Tibet. This result improves our understanding of the plateau construction and dynamics and also offers advice for numerical simulations.
Numerical upscaling in 2‐D heterogeneous poroelastic rocks: Anisotropic attenuation and dispersion of seismic waves
Authors: Rubino J. Germán , Caspari Eva , Müller Tobias M. , Milani Marco , Barbosa Nicolás D. , Holliger Klaus 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe presence of stiffness contrasts at scales larger than the typical pore sizes but smaller than the predominant seismic wavelengths can produce seismic attenuation and velocity dispersion in fluid‐saturated porous rocks. This energy dissipation mechanism is caused by wave‐induced fluid pressure diffusion among the different components of the probed geological formations. In many cases, heterogeneities have elongated shapes and preferential orientations, which implies that the overall response of the medium is anisotropic. In this work, we propose a numerical upscaling procedure that permits to quantify seismic attenuation and phase velocity considering fluid pressure diffusion effects as well as generic anisotropy at the sample's scale. The methodology is based on a set of three relaxation tests performed on a 2‐D synthetic rock sample representative of the medium of interest. It provides a complex‐valued frequency‐dependent equivalent stiffness matrix through a least squares procedure. We also derive an approach for computing various poroelastic fields associated with the considered sample in response to the propagation of a seismic wave with arbitrary incidence angle. Using this approach, we provide an energy‐based estimation of seismic attenuation. A comprehensive numerical analysis indicates that the methodology is suitable for handling complex media and different levels of overall anisotropy. Comparisons with the energy‐based estimations demonstrate that the dynamic‐equivalent viscoelastic medium assumption made by the numerical upscaling procedure is reasonable even in the presence of high levels of overall anisotropy. This work also highlights the usefulness of poroelastic fields for the physical interpretation of seismic wave phenomena in strongly heterogeneous and complex media.
Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy studies of Berea sandstone at high temperature
Authors: Davis Eric S. , Sturtevant Blake T. , Sinha Dipen N. , Pantea Cristian 
Published: September 2016

AbstractResonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy was used to determine the elastic moduli of Berea sandstone from room temperature to 478 K. Sandstone is a common component of oil reservoirs, and the temperature range was chosen to be representative of typical downhole conditions, down to about 8 km. In agreement with previous works, Berea sandstone was found to be relatively soft with a bulk modulus of approximately 6 GPa as compared to 37.5 GPa for α‐quartz at room temperature and pressure. It was found that Berea sandstone undergoes a ~17% softening in bulk modulus between room temperature and 385 K, followed by an abnormal behavior of similar stiffening between 385 K and 478 K.
In situ and space‐based observations of the Kelud volcanic plume: The persistence of ash in the lower stratosphere
Authors: Vernier Jean‐Paul , Fairlie T. Duncan , Deshler Terry , Natarajan Murali , Knepp Travis , Foster Katie , Wienhold Frank G. , Bedka Kristopher M. , Thomason Larry , Trepte Charles 
Published: September 2016

AbstractVolcanic eruptions are important causes of natural variability in the climate system at all time scales. Assessments of the climate impact of volcanic eruptions by climate models almost universally assume that sulfate aerosol is the only radiatively active volcanic material. We report satellite observations from the Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) on board the Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) satellite after the eruption of Mount Kelud (Indonesia) on 13 February 2014 of volcanic materials in the lower stratosphere. Using these observations along with in situ measurements with the Compact Optical Backscatter AerosoL Detector (COBALD) backscatter sondes and optical particle counters (OPCs) made during a balloon field campaign in northern Australia, we find that fine ash particles with a radius below 0.3 µm likely represented between 20 and 28% of the total volcanic cloud aerosol optical depth 3 months after the eruption. A separation of 1.5–2 km between the ash and sulfate plumes is observed in the CALIOP extinction profiles as well as in the aerosol number concentration measurements of the OPC after 3 months. The settling velocity of fine ash with a radius of 0.3 µm in the tropical lower stratosphere is reduced by 50% due to the upward motion of the Brewer‐Dobson circulation resulting a doubling of its lifetime. Three months after the eruption, we find a mean tropical clear‐sky radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere from the Kelud plume near −0.08 W/m2after including the presence of ash; a value ~20% higher than if sulfate alone is considered. Thus, surface cooling following volcanic eruptions could be affected by the persistence of ash and should be considered in climate simulations.
On the variability of ozone in the equatorial eastern Pacific boundary layer
Authors: Gómez Martín J. C. , Vömel H. , Hay T. D. , Mahajan A. S. , Ordóñez C. , Parrondo Sempere M. C. , Gil‐Ojeda M. , Saiz‐Lopez A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObservations of surface ozone (O3) mixing ratios carried out during two ground‐based field campaigns in the Galápagos Islands are reported. The first campaign, Primera Investigación sobre la Química, Evolución y Reparto de Ozono, was carried out from September 2000 to July 2002. The second study, Climate and HAlogen Reactivity tropicaL EXperiment, was conducted from September 2010 to March 2012. These measurements complement the Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesonde observations made with weekly to monthly frequency at Galápagos. In this work, the daily, intraseasonal, seasonal and interannual variability of O3 in the marine boundary layer are described and compared to those observed in other tropical locations. The O3 diurnal cycle shows two regimes: (i) photochemical destruction followed by nighttime recovery in the cold season (July to November) and (ii) daytime advection and photochemical loss followed by nighttime depositional loss associated to windless conditions in the warm season (February to April). Wavelet spectral analysis of the intraseasonal variability of O3 reveals components with periods characteristic of tropical instability waves. The O3 seasonal variation in Galápagos is typical of the Southern Hemisphere, with a maximum in August and a minimum in February–March. Comparison with other measurements in remote tropical ocean locations shows that the change of the surface O3 seasonal cycle across the equator is explained by the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and the O3 levels upwind.
Geomorphological and geochemistry changes in permafrost after the 2002 tundra wildfire in Kougarok, Seward Peninsula, Alaska
Authors: Iwahana Go , Harada Koichiro , Uchida Masao , Tsuyuzaki Shiro , Saito Kazuyuki , Narita Kenji , Kushida Keiji , Hinzman Larry D. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGeomorphological and thermohydrological changes to tundra, caused by a wildfire in 2002 on the central Seward Peninsula of Alaska, were investigated as a case study for understanding the response from ice‐rich permafrost terrain to surface disturbance. Frozen and unfrozen soil samples were collected at burned and unburned areas, and then water isotope geochemistry and cryostratigraphy of the active layer and near‐surface permafrost were analyzed to investigate past hydrological and freeze/thaw conditions and how this information could be recorded within the permafrost. The development of thermokarst subsidence due to ice wedge melting after the fire was clear from analyses of historical submeter‐resolution remote sensing imagery, long‐term monitoring of thermohydrological conditions within the active layer, in situ surveys of microrelief, and geochemical signals recorded in the near‐surface permafrost. The resulting polygonal relief coincided with depression lines along an underground ice wedge network, and cumulative subsidence to 2013 was estimated as at least 10.1 to 12.1 cm (0.9–1.1 cm/year 11 year average). Profiles of water geochemistry in the ground indicated mixing or replenishment of older permafrost water with newer meteoric water, as a consequence of the increase in active layer thickness due to wildfire or past thaw event. Our geocryological analysis of cores suggests that permafrost could be used to reconstruct the permafrost degradation history for the study site. Distinct hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions above the Global Meteoric Water Line were found for water from these sites where permafrost degradation with geomorphological change and prolonged surface inundation were suggested.