bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EpiNet as a way of involving more physicians and patients in epilepsy research: Validation study and accreditation process
Authors: Bergin Peter S. , Beghi Ettore , Sadleir Lynette G. , Brockington Alice , Tripathi Manjari , Richardson Mark P. , Bianchi Elisa , Srivastava Kavita , Jayabal Jayaganth , Legros Benjamin , Ossemann Michel , McGrath Nicole , Verrotti Alberto , Tan Hui Jan , Beretta Simone , Frith Richard , Iniesta Ivan , Whitham Emma , Wanigasinghe Jithangi , Ezeala‐Adikaibe Birinus , Striano Pasquale , Rosemergy Ian , Walker Elizabeth B. , Alkhidze Maia , Rodriguez‐Leyva Ildefonso , Ramírez González Jose Alfredo , D'Souza Wendyl J. ,   the EpiNet Study Group
Published: December 2016

SummaryObjectiveEpiNet was established to encourage epilepsy research. EpiNet is used for multicenter cohort studies and investigator‐led trials. Physicians must be accredited to recruit patients into trials. Here, we describe the accreditation process for the EpiNet‐First trials.MethodsPhysicians with an interest in epilepsy were invited to assess 30 case scenarios to determine the following: whether patients have epilepsy; the nature of the seizures (generalized, focal); and the etiology. Information was presented in two steps for 23 cases. The EpiNet steering committee determined that 21 cases had epilepsy. The steering committee determined by consensus which responses were acceptable for each case. We chose a subset of 18 cases to accredit investigators for the EpiNet‐First trials. We initially focused on 12 cases; to be accredited, investigators could not diagnose epilepsy in any case that the steering committee determined did not have epilepsy. If investigators were not accredited after assessing 12 cases, 6 further cases were considered. When assessing the 18 cases, investigators could be accredited if they diagnosed one of six nonepilepsy patients as having possible epilepsy but could make no other false‐positive errors and could make only one error regarding seizure classification.ResultsBetween December 2013 and December 2014, 189 physicians assessed the 30 cases. Agreement with the steering committee regarding the diagnosis at step 1 ranged from 47% to 100%, and improved when information regarding tests was provided at step 2. One hundred five of the 189 physicians (55%) were accredited for the EpiNet‐First trials. The kappa value for diagnosis of epilepsy across all 30 cases for accredited physicians was 0.70.SignificanceWe have established criteria for accrediting physicians using EpiNet. New investigators can be accredited by assessing 18 case scenarios. We encourage physicians with an interest in epilepsy to become EpiNet‐accredited and to participate in these investigator‐led clinical trials.
Survey on covert channels in virtual machines and cloud computing
Authors: Betz Johann , Westhoff Dirk , Müller Günter 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCovert channels have been known for a long time because of their versatile forms of appearance. For nearly every technical improvement or change in technology, such channels have been (re‐)created or known methods have been adapted. For example, the introduction of hyperthreading technology has introduced new possibilities for covert communication between malicious processes because they can now share the arithmetic logical unit as well as the L1 and L2 caches, which enable establishing multiple covert channels. Even virtualization, which is known for its isolation of multiple machines, is prone to covert‐ and side‐channel attacks because of the sharing of resources. Therefore, it is not surprising that cloud computing is not immune to this kind of attacks. Moreover, cloud computing with multiple, possibly competing users or customers using the same shared resources may elevate the risk of illegitimate communication. In such a setting, the “air gap” between physical servers and networks disappears, and only the means of isolation and virtual separation serve as a barrier between adversary and victim. In the work at hand, we will provide a survey on vulnerable spots that an adversary could exploit trying to exfiltrate private data from target virtual machines through covert channels in a cloud environment. We will evaluate the feasibility of example attacks and point out proposed mitigation solutions in case they exist.
Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: impact on quality of life of carers
Authors: Lawson RA , Yarnall AJ , Johnston F , Duncan GW , Khoo TK , Collerton D , Taylor JP , Burn DJ ,   On behalf of the ICICLE‐PD study group
Published: December 2016

BackgroundThe quality of life (QoL) of informal caregivers of people with Parkinson's disease (PD) (PwP) can be affected by the caring role. Because of cognitive symptoms and diminished activities of daily living, in addition to the management of motor symptoms, carers of PwP and cognitive impairment may experience increased levels of burden and poorer QoL compared with carers of PwP without cognitive impairment. This study aimed to investigate the impact of cognitive impairment in PD upon QoL of carers.MethodsApproximately 36 months after diagnosis, 66 dyadic couples of PwP and carers completed assessments. PwP completed a schedule of neuropsychological assessments and QoL measures; carers of PwP completed demographic questionnaires and assessments of QoL. Factor scores of attention, memory/executive function and global cognition, as derived by principal component analysis, were used to evaluate cognitive domains.ResultsHierarchical regression analysis found lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment was a significant independent predictor of poorer carer QoL, in addition to number of hours spent caregiving, carer depression and PD motor severity. Attentional deficits accounted for the largest proportion of variance of carer QoL. Carers of PwP and dementia (n = 9) had significantly poorer QoL scores compared with PwP and mild cognitive impairment (n = 18) or normal cognition (n = 39) carers (p < 0.01).ConclusionsAttentional deficits were the strongest predictor of carer QoL compared with other cognitive predictors. Carers for those with PD dementia reported the poorest QoL. Interventions such as respite or cognitive behavioural therapy to improve mood and self‐efficacy in carers may improve carer QoL. © 2016 The Authors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bisphosphonate Withdrawal: Effects on Bone Formation and Bone Resorption in Maturing Male Mice
Authors: Ko Frank C , Karim Lamya , Brooks Daniel J , Bouxsein Mary L , Demay Marie B 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Bisphosphonates are being increasingly used to treat pediatric patients with skeletal disorders. However, the effects of long-term bisphosphonate therapy and cessation of therapy during growth are unclear. Thus, studies were undertaken to determine the effects of alendronate discontinuation after treatment of C57Bl/6 mice during the period of rapid skeletal growth. Compared with vehicle-treated mice, 16 weeks of alendronate treatment starting at age 18 days resulted in a 3.7-fold increase in trabecular bone in the setting of suppressed bone formation. Alendronate therapy for 8 weeks followed by 8 weeks of vehicle treatment resulted in a more pronounced increase in trabecular bone compared with mice treated with alendronate for 16 weeks (1.7-fold) and to vehicle-treated controls (6.5-fold). Mice that received alendronate for 8 weeks followed by 8 weeks of vehicle exhibited increased osteoblast surface (2.5-fold), mineralizing surface (5.7-fold), and bone formation rate (5.1-fold) compared with mice treated continuously with alendronate. However, these parameters were not restored to the levels observed in the vehicle-treated mice. Thus, partial resumption of bone formation upon cessation of bisphosphonate therapy leads to a greater increase in trabecular bone than that found when bisphosphonates are administered continuously to growing mice. These data suggest that intermittent administration of bisphosphonates may optimize their beneficial effects on the growing skeleton. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
On the Hamilton–Waterloo Problem with Odd Orders
Authors: Burgess A. C. , Danziger P. , Traetta T. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGiven nonnegative integers , the Hamilton–Waterloo problem asks for a factorization of the complete graph into α ‐factors and β ‐factors. Without loss of generality, we may assume that . Clearly, v odd, , , and are necessary conditions. To date results have only been found for specific values of m and n. In this paper, we show that for any integers , these necessary conditions are sufficient when v is a multiple of and , except possibly when or 3. For the case where we show sufficiency when with some possible exceptions. We also show that when are odd integers, the lexicographic product of with the empty graph of order n has a factorization into α ‐factors and β ‐factors for every , , with some possible exceptions.
Vascular endothelial growth factor G+405C polymorphism may contribute to the risk of developing papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Bingül İlknur , Vural Pervin , Doğru‐Abbasoğlu Semra , Çil Esra , Uysal Müjdat 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a mediator implicated with cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, and monocyte/macrophage chemotaxis. In present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between VEGF gene polymorphisms (G+405C, T‐460C, and A‐2578C) and PTC susceptibility.MethodsDNA was isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes of 127 patients with PTC and 203 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by real‐time PCR. Association of genotypes with susceptibility of PTC was analyzed with multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age, gender and smoking status.Results and ConclusionIn G+405C polymorphism, the frequencies of C allele (related with increased VEGF production) and combined CG+CC genotype were found to be higher (3.5 and 5‐fold, respectively) among patients with PTC than controls (P<.001). However, VEGF T‐460C and A‐2578C polymorphisms are not associated with PTC risk. There was no relationship between VEGF polymorphisms and clinical/laboratory parameters of PTC. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that there was a strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) between −460/−2578 (D’=.89, r2=.79), weak LD between +405/−460 (D’=.422, r2=.035), and +405/−2578 (D’=.43, r2=.038) locuses. Additionally, the +405/−460/−2578 GTA haplotype was found to be protective, whereas CTA haplotype to be related with increased PTC risk. As a conclusion, we suggest that VEGF G+405C polymorphism is associated with increased risk of PTC.
A brief history of the Open Discovery Initiative
Authors: Varnum Kenneth J. 
Published: December 2016

Key points

The Open Discovery Initiative (ODI) was created in 2011 to improve participation among content providers in the then‐novel web‐scale discovery services.
The issues addressed by the ODI included metadata standards, content indexing, and availability of licensed content in discovery services.
After adoption of the recommended practice in June 2014, a new Standing Committee has been formed to address unfinished business and implementation.
A challenge for the ODI is finding the right balance between the needs of commercial partners and library customers.
Cell‐Based Biohybrid Drug Delivery Systems: The Best of the Synthetic and Natural Worlds
Authors: Banskota Samagya , Yousefpour Parisa , Chilkoti Ashutosh 
Published: December 2016

The goal of drug delivery is to deliver therapeutics to the site of disease while reducing unwanted side effects. In recent years, a diverse variety of synthetic nano and microparticles have been developed as drug delivery systems. The success of these systems for drug delivery lies in their ability to overcome biological barriers such as the blood–brain barrier, to evade immune clearance and avoid nonspecific biodistribution. This Review provides an overview of recent advances in the design of biohybrid drug delivery systems, which combine cells with synthetic systems to overcome some of these biological hurdles. Examples include eukaryotic cells, such as stem cells, red blood cells, immune cells, platelets, and cancer cells that are used to carry drug‐loaded synthetic particles. Synthetic particles can also be cloaked with naturally derived cell membranes and thereby evade immune clearance, exhibit prolonged systemic circulation, and target specific tissues by capitalizing on the interaction/homing tendency of certain cells and their membrane components to particular tissues. Different designs of cell‐based biohybrid systems and their applications, as well as their promise and limitations, are discussed herein.
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Non‐uniform dependence and persistence properties for coupled Camassa–Holm equations
Authors: Zhou Shouming 
Published: December 2016

This paper deals with the non‐uniform dependence and persistence properties for a coupled Camassa–Holm equations. Using the method of approximate solutions in conjunction with well‐posedness estimate, it is proved that the solution map of the Cauchy problem for this coupled Camassa–Holm equation is not uniformly continuous in Sobolev spaces Hs with s > 3/2. On the other hand, the persistence properties in weighted Lp spaces for the solution of this coupled Camassa–Holm system are considered. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Are fear of movement, self‐efficacy beliefs and fear of falling associated with levels of disability in people with osteoarthritis of the knee? A cross sectional study
Authors: Thompson Dave P , Moula Katerina , Woby Steve R 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroductionOsteoarthritis of the knee (OAK) can result in significant disability and previous authors have suggested that cognitive and falls‐related factors may be significant determinants of function. However, no previous studies have considered the relative influence of these factors when the effects of symptoms related to OAK are also considered. Additionally, it is plausible that falls‐related factors exert a greater influence in patients who have previously fallen.MethodsFifty‐eight patients were recruited from an outpatient physiotherapy department. They completed measures of physical function, pain, stiffness, physical symptoms, fear avoidance, perceived consequences of falling, fear of falling and self‐efficacy beliefs. Variables exhibiting significant correlations with disability were entered into a regression model. β Values were also calculated for the final model to allow the relative contribution of each variable to be established when all variables were considered. Sub‐analysis was then performed using only data from patients who had previously fallen, to establish whether cognitive and falls‐related factors exerted a stronger influence in this group.ResultsPain, stiffness and joint symptoms significantly explained 75% of the variance in disability. The cognitive and falls‐related variables did not significantly explain any additional variance. Only pain and stiffness exhibited significant β values in the final model. Similar findings were observed in the sub‐analysis with the participants who had previously fallen, with only pain and stiffness explaining significant variance (77%) or exhibiting significant β values.DiscussionThe current findings suggested that cognitive and falls‐related factors are not significantly related to disability in patients with OAK. By contrast, pain and stiffness were strongly associated with disability. This suggests that targeting cognitive and falls‐related factors is unlikely significantly to improve outcome in these patients.
Efficacy of a gender‐tailored intervention to prevent weight regain in men over 3 years: A weight loss maintenance RCT
Authors: Young Myles D. , Callister Robin , Collins Clare E. , Plotnikoff Ronald C. , Aguiar Elroy J. , Morgan Philip J. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo examine whether a gender‐tailored weight loss maintenance (WLM) program could reduce men's weight regain following weight loss.MethodsNinety‐two men who lost at least 4 kg during a 3‐month weight loss phase were randomized to receive: (i) a 6‐month WLM program (WL + WLM; n = 47) or (ii) no resources (WL‐only; n = 45). The WLM program included written materials and messages (SMS, video email) plus other resources (e.g., pedometer, Gymstick™). The primary outcome was weight change in the first year post‐randomization. Participants were assessed at “−3 months” (preweight loss), “0 months” (randomization into the WLM Phase), “6 months,” “1 year,” and “3 years.”ResultsBefore randomization, participants lost a mean (SD) of 7.3 kg (2.5). Retention was 83% at 6 months and 1 year and 71% at 3 years. Intention‐to‐treat analysis detected a significant group × time difference in weight regain favoring the intervention group at 6 months (−1.9 kg, 95% CI −3.7 to −0.1) but not at 1‐ or 3‐year follow‐up. Three years after completing the original weight loss program the WL‐only and WL + WLM groups had maintained 59% and 51% of their initial weight loss, respectively.ConclusionsMen with overweight/obesity demonstrated clinically meaningful WLM 3 years after successfully losing weight. An additional WLM program contributed to enhanced WLM effects in the short term only. (ACTRN12612000749808).
The p53 inhibitor Mdm4 cooperates with multiple genetic lesions in tumourigenesis
Authors: Xiong Shunbin , Pant Vinod , Zhang Yun , Aryal Neeraj K , You M James , Kusewitt Donna , Lozano Guillermina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe p53 inhibitor Mdm4 is present at high levels in multiple human cancers. Overexpression of Mdm4 in mice drives the spontaneous development of mostly lymphomas and sarcomas. In this study, we explored the ability of Mdm4 to cooperate with lesions in tumour development. The Mdm4 transgene contributed to mammary tumour development in a BALB/cJ background. High levels of Mdm4 enhanced tumour development in a mutant p53R172H heterozygous background, and reduced the need to lose the wild‐type p53 allele, as compared with mice heterozygous only for the p53R172H mutation. Additionally, high levels of Mdm4 cooperated with an oncogenic K‐ras mutation to drive lung tumourigenesis in vivo. Finally, we examined p53‐independent functions of Mdm4 by studying the contribution of Mdm4 to tumour development in the absence of p53. Whereas the overall survival times of p53‐null mice with and without the Mdm4 transgene were similar, male mice with both alterations showed significantly shorter survival than p53‐null male mice, and showed differences in tumour spectrum, demonstrating a p53‐independent function of Mdm4 in tumourigenesis. Furthermore, p53‐null mice with the highest level of Mdm4 tended to have multiple tumours. Thus, a detailed analysis of Mdm4 transgenic mice in various genetic backgrounds shows synergy in tumour development in vivo. Mdm4 may thus serve as a therapeutic target in cancers. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust simulation of continuous‐time systems with rational dynamics
Authors: Ben‐Talha Hiba , Massioni Paolo , Scorletti Gérard 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThis paper concerns the simulation of a class of nonlinear continuous‐time systems under a set of initial conditions described by an ellipsoid. By getting inspiration from Lyapunov theory, we show that it is possible to derive a procedure allowing the computation of a bounding ellipsoidal envelope, which will enclose all the states that can be reached from the set of initial conditions. This numerical procedure is based on convex optimization, and it makes it possible to set a guaranteed hard bound on the evolution of the state of the system for all the possible initial conditions. At the end of the paper, we show an application of the method through an academic example. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transplantation of Thy1+ Cells Accelerates Liver Regeneration by Enhancing the Growth of Small Hepatocyte-Like Progenitor Cells via IL17RB Signaling
Authors: Ichinohe Norihisa , Ishii Masayuki , Tanimizu Naoki , Kon Junko , Yoshioka Yusuke , Ochiya Takahiro , Mizuguchi Toru , Hirata Koichi , Mitaka Toshihiro 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Small hepatocyte-like progenitor cells (SHPCs) transiently form clusters in rat livers treated with retrorsine (Ret)/70% partial hepatectomy (PH). When Thy1+ cells isolated from d-galactosamine-treated rat livers were transplanted into the livers of Ret/PH-treated rats, the mass of the recipient liver transiently increased during the first 30 days after transplantation, suggesting that liver regeneration was enhanced. Here we addressed how Thy1+ cell transplantation stimulates liver regeneration. We found that the number and size of SHPC clusters increased in the liver at 14 days after transplantation. GeneChip analysis revealed that interleukin 17 receptor b (IL17rb) expression significantly increased in SHPCs from livers transplanted with Thy1+ cells. We subsequently searched for ligand-expressing cells and found that sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) and Kupffer cells expressed Il17b and Il25, respectively. Moreover, extracellular vesicles (EVs) separated from the conditioned medium of Thy1+ cell culture induced IL17b and IL25 expression in SECs and Kupffer cells, respectively. Furthermore, EVs enhanced IL17rb expression in small hepatocytes (SHs), which are hepatocytic progenitor cells; in culture, IL17B stimulated the growth of SHs. These results suggest that Thy1-EVs coordinate IL17RB signaling to enhance liver regeneration by targeting SECs, Kupffer cells, and SHPCs. Indeed, the administration of Thy1-EVs increased the number and size of SHPC clusters in Ret/PH-treated rat livers. Sixty days post-transplantation, most expanded SHPCs entered cellular senescence, and the enlarged liver returned to its normal size. In conclusion, Thy1+ cell transplantation enhanced liver regeneration by promoting the proliferation of intrinsic hepatic progenitor cells via IL17RB signaling.
Association of body mass index-related single nucleotide polymorphisms with psychiatric disease and memory performance in a Japanese population
Authors: Ninomiya-Baba Midori , Matsuo Junko , Sasayama Daimei , Hori Hiroaki , Teraishi Toshiya , Ota Miho , Hattori Kotaro , Noda Takamasa , Ishida Ikki , Shibata Shigenobu , Kunugi Hiroshi 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveObesity is a risk factor for psychiatric diseases. Recently, a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been shown to be related to body mass index (BMI). In this study, we investigated the association of BMI-related SNPs with psychiatric diseases and one of their endophenotypes, memory performance, in a Japanese population.MethodsThe subjects were 1624 patients with one of three psychiatric diseases (799 patients with major depressive disorder, 594 with schizophrenia, and 231 with bipolar disorder) and 1189 healthy controls. Memory performance was assessed using the Wechsler Memory Scale – Revised (WMS-R). Genomic DNA was prepared from venous blood and used to genotype 23 BMI-related SNPs using the TaqMan 5′-exonuclease allelic discrimination assay. We then analysed the relationships between the SNPs and psychiatric disease and various subscales of the WMS-R.ResultsThree SNPs (rs11142387, rs12597579, and rs6548238) showed significant differences in the genotype or allele frequency between patients with any psychiatric diseases and controls. Furthermore, six SNPs (rs11142387, rs12597579, rs2815752, rs2074356, rs4776970, and rs2287019) showed significant differences in at least one subscale of the WMS-R depending on the genotypes of the healthy controls. Interestingly, rs11142387 near the Kruppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) was significantly associated with psychiatric disease and poor memory function.ConclusionsWe identified three and six BMI-related SNPs associated with psychiatric disease and memory performance, respectively. In particular, carrying the A allele of rs11142387 nearKLF9was found to be associated with psychiatric disease and poor memory performance, which warrants further investigations.