bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A common molecular signature in ASD gene expression: following Root 66 to autism
Authors: Diaz-Beltran L , Esteban F J , Wall D P 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSeveral gene expression experiments on autism spectrum disorders have been conducted using both blood and brain tissue. Individually, these studies have advanced our understanding of the molecular systems involved in the molecular pathology of autism and have formed the bases of ongoing work to build autism biomarkers. In this study, we conducted an integrated systems biology analysis of 9 independent gene expression experiments covering 657 autism, 9 mental retardation and developmental delay and 566 control samples to determine if a common signature exists and to test whether regulatory patterns in the brain relevant to autism can also be detected in blood. We constructed a matrix of differentially expressed genes from these experiments and used a Jaccard coefficient to create a gene-based phylogeny, validated by bootstrap. As expected, experiments and tissue types clustered together with high statistical confidence. However, we discovered a statistically significant subgrouping of 3 blood and 2 brain data sets from 3 different experiments rooted by a highly correlated regulatory pattern of 66 genes. This Root 66 appeared to be non-random and of potential etiologic relevance to autism, given their enriched roles in neurological processes key for normal brain growth and function, learning and memory, neurodegeneration, social behavior and cognition. Our results suggest that there is a detectable autism signature in the blood that may be a molecular echo of autism-related dysregulation in the brain.
Fragmentation and high entropy of neonatal experience predict adolescent emotional outcome
Authors: Molet J , Heins K , Zhuo X , Mei Y T , Regev L , Baram T Z , Stern H 
Published: January 2016

AbstractVulnerability to emotional disorders including depression derives from interactions between genes and environment, especially during sensitive developmental periods. Across evolution, maternal care is a key source of environmental sensory signals to the developing brain, and a vast body of work has linked quantitative and qualitative aspects of maternal care to emotional outcome in children and animals. However, the fundamental properties of maternal signals, that promote advantageous vs pathological outcomes in the offspring, are unknown and have been a topic of intense study. We studied emotional outcomes of adolescent rats reared under routine or impoverished environments, and used mathematical approaches to analyze the nurturing behaviors of the dams. Unexpectedly, whereas the quantity and typical qualities of maternal care behaviors were indistinguishable in the two environments, their patterns and rhythms differed drastically and influenced emotional outcomes. Specifically, unpredictable, fragmented maternal care patterns translated into high-entropy rates of sensory signals to the offspring in the impoverished cages. During adolescence, these offspring had significant reductions in sucrose preference and in peer-play, two independent measures of the ability to experience pleasure. This adolescent anhedonia, often a harbinger of later depression, was not accompanied by measures of anxiety or helplessness. Dopaminergic pleasure circuits underlying anhedonia are engaged by predictable sequences of events, and predictable sensory signals during neonatal periods may be critical for their maturation. Conversely, unpredictability maternal-derived signals may disrupt these developmental processes, provoking anhedonia. In sum, high-entropy and fragmented patterns of maternal-derived sensory input to the developing brain predicts, and might promote, the development of anhedonia in rodents, with potential clinical implications.
TSPO: kaleidoscopic 18-kDa amid biochemical pharmacology, control and targeting of mitochondria
Authors: Gatliff Jemma , Campanella Michelangelo 
Published: January 2016

The 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) localizes in the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) of cells and is readily up-regulated under various pathological conditions such as cancer, inflammation, mechanical lesions and neurological diseases. Able to bind with high affinity synthetic and endogenous ligands, its core biochemical function resides in the translocation of cholesterol into the mitochondria influencing the subsequent steps of (neuro-)steroid synthesis and systemic endocrine regulation. Over the years, however, TSPO has also been linked to core cellular processes such as apoptosis and autophagy. It interacts and forms complexes with other mitochondrial proteins such as the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) via which signalling and regulatory transduction of these core cellular events may be influenced. Despite nearly 40 years of study, the precise functional role of TSPO beyond cholesterol trafficking remains elusive even though the recent breakthroughs on its high-resolution crystal structure and contribution to quality-control signalling of mitochondria. All this along with a captivating pharmacological profile provides novel opportunities to investigate and understand the significance of this highly conserved protein as well as contribute the development of specific therapeutics as presented and discussed in the present review.
67–80 GHz double‐balanced Gilbert‐cell mixer in 0.1 μm GaAs pHEMT technology
Authors: Kao H.‐L. , Cho C.‐L. , Tseng C.‐L. , Chiu H.‐C. , Chen Y.‐Y. 
Published: January 2016

A 67–80 GHz double‐balanced Gilbert‐cell mixer fabricated in 0.1 μm gallium arsenide pseudomorphic high‐electron‐mobility transistor technology is presented. Two Marchand baluns were placed in RF and local oscillator (LO) input ports to convert single‐ended signals to differential signals for wideband use. A differential amplifier between the switch and output stages was used to enhance the conversion gain (CG). The mixer demonstrated an average CG of 14.1 ± 2.1 dB at an LO power of 0 dBm from 67 to 80 GHz. The measured intermediate frequency 3 dB bandwidth was 3 GHz and the input 1 dB compression point was −4.8 dBm.
Gender Differences among Alaska Native People Seeking Alcohol Withdrawal Treatment
Authors: Bear Ursula Running , Beals Janette , Novins Douglas K. , Manson Spero M. 
Published: January 2016

Background Few studies focus on gender differences among patients who utilize detoxification services; even fewer focus on detoxification for Alaska Native people. This analysis focused on gender differences at admission among a sample of Alaska Native patients seeking alcohol withdrawal treatment. Methods The sample included 383 adult Alaska Native patients admitted to an inpatient alcohol detoxification unit during 2006 and 2007. Logistic regression was used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted associations with gender. Results Women were 88% more likely to have stable housing than men (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15, 3.05, P = .01). Women were 87% less likely to be seasonal workers (OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.03, 0.48, P = .003) and 50% less likely than men to be seeking employment (OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.29, 0.84, P = .01) at admission. Women had more than 5 times the odds of having children in the home at admission (OR = 5.64, 95% CI = 3.03, 10.56, P < .001) and almost 3 times the odds of experiencing physical abuse than men (OR = 2.96, 95% CI = 1.31, 6.66, P = .01). Additionally, women were 50% less likely to accept a referral to substance abuse treatment following detoxification (OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.30, 0.83, P = .01). Conclusions The study found significant differences based upon gender. For instance, women are in need of services that accommodate women with children and services that address histories of physical abuse. Conversely, men are in need of housing and employment opportunities. Post detoxification follow-up, case management, and transition to care should include gender as a factor in treatment planning.
Contrasting the genetic architecture of 30 complex traits from summary association data
Authors: Shi Huwenbo , Kichaev Gleb , Pasaniuc Bogdan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractVariance components methods that estimate the aggregate contribution of large sets of variants to the heritability of complex traits have yielded important insights into the disease architecture of common diseases. Here, we introduce new methods that estimate the total variance in trait explained by a single locus in the genome (local heritability) from summary GWAS data while accounting for linkage disequilibrium (LD) among variants. We apply our new estimator to ultra large-scale GWAS summary data of 30 common traits and diseases to gain insights into their local genetic architecture. First, we find that common SNPs have a high contribution to the heritability of all studied traits. Second, we identify traits for which the majority of the SNP heritability can be confined to a small percentage of the genome. Third, we identify GWAS risk loci where the entire locus explains significantly more variance in the trait than the GWAS reported variants. Finally, we identify 55 loci that explain a large proportion of heritability across multiple traits.
Drivers of successful international business strategy
Authors: Thomé Karim Marini , Medeiros Janann Joslin 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to identify and describe the drivers of trading company strategy that explain trading company success in international business.Design/methodology/approach– The strategy tripod that results from combining the industry-, resource- and institution-based views, each of which proposes specific drivers of strategic success, was used as the framework for investigating, in a longitudinal perspective, the drivers of the strategy of a trading company and its success in emerging economies. Data were collected using in-depth interviews, document analysis and non-participant observation and analyzed using content analysis techniques.Findings– Rather than a single driver, the authors found that strategic choices were driven at times by the demands of industrial competitiveness, at times by firm resources and capabilities, and at times by institutional conditions. There was evidence neither of a linear chronological order for these drivers, nor of driver obsolescence. On the contrary, findings suggest that drivers are cumulative and interactive. Changes in organizational resources and capabilities or in competitive or institutional environments can force review and re-thinking of strategic objectives.Research limitations/implications– Generalization is affected by the fact that the study focusses on the experience of one individual trading company.Practical implications– From a pragmatic, managerially oriented perspective, the findings show the importance to be alert to all the tripod legs over time, and not belittle the institutional context. This fact is noted by the data, which not realize a timeline or order between the drivers and the strategies adopted by the firm.Originality/value– The paper is of value in showing the drivers of trading company strategy and the determinants of trading company success in emerging economies using a longitudinal perspective rather than the more usual sectional perspective. In addition, the study is original in simultaneously investigating all three legs of the strategy tripod and providing empirical evidence about how the respective drivers interact over time.
I have to change to stay the same
Authors: Sternheim Joyce 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose that to survive and thrive the library needs to aim for a more active role in people’s lives and in the communities that surround them. Public libraries are places of learning. They strive to enrich, empower and inspire people to support their full participation in society. But our fast-changing society (Pink, 2005) requires people to develop new competencies, such as creativity, empathy, collaboration and big-picture thinking. However, current processes of the public library are still primarily aimed at providing and improving access to information produced by others. Although of great importance, these processes are fundamentally passive and do not actively stimulate people to share knowledge and insights or to engage in conversations. It explores how this can be done and what effect this change might have on library space based on the ideas and perspective of the Dutch Ministry of Imagination.

Design/methodology/approach
– The Ministry, a cooperation between architect Jan David Hanrath and librarians Rob Bruijnzeels and Joyce Sternheim, conducts research and realizes new types of libraries and library architecture. To turn the public library into a more dynamic and active social setting, the Ministry has developed a new work process supported by matching criteria for the layout of library space.

Findings
– The new concept has been brought into practice in the Chocolate Factory in Gouda, The Netherlands, which since then has become a permanent testing ground for new library work.

Originality/value
– This paper is a thought piece that will be of interest not only to those concerned with public libraries, but also to everyone who is searching for ways to turn the library into a learning environment in which a continuous process of knowledge creation takes place, through interaction with the collection, but – most importantly – through interaction between people.
On the way to the campus of tomorrow
Authors: Brandt Sabina , Bachmann Gudrun 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– This paper summarises the outcomes of the exploratory project of the Department of Educational Technologies at the University of Basel published in Lernumgebungen an der Hochschule. Auf dem Weg zum Campus von morgen [Learning environments at university. On the way to the campus of tomorrow.] (Škerlak et al., 2014) in a review paper and supplement these in a particular consideration of the role of university libraries. This project examined what “the campus of tomorrow” might look like and which steps will take us there.

Design/methodology/approach
– Together with users of university premises and designers of learning environments, this project looked at “the campus of today” and drafted collective propositions “for the campus of tomorrow” within the scope of five workshops and subsequent studies, interviews and dicsussion.

Findings
– In the process, it became clear in which fields of tension between different needs and requirements the university is moving with respect to designing its space and services. Knowing the poles of these fields of tension, making deliberate decisions and finding a campus-wide balance together with future users, appears to be fundamental to new building, service and campus concepts. During this development of spaces and concepts, it is particularly worthwhile to consider individual institutions, such as the library, more within the context of the campus as a whole and to intensify the cooperation of different stakeholders of the university for this purpose.

Originality/value
– During this development of spaces and concepts, it is particularly worthwhile to consider individual institutions, such as the library, more within the context of the campus as a whole and to intensify the cooperation of different stakeholders of the university for this purpose. This holistic approach and the suggestion of specific fields of tension within which the university has to develop its learning spaces offers new perspectives on campus and library development.
Data-driven decision-making in the library
Authors: Massis Bruce 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe the current environment for libraries to consider the value of using data to support decision-making.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper contains literature review and commentary on this topic that has been addressed by professionals, researchers and practitioners.

Findings
– In developing a library’s strategic direction, it is essential that evidentiary data be referenced to supplement the organization’s rationale for decision-making. There is an expectation by stakeholders that libraries are able to generate reports and decisions based on aggregated data for in-demand reporting. Therefore, capturing, analyzing and reporting decisions based on data are indispensable in today’s libraries.

Originality/value
– The value in addressing this topic is to examine the option by libraries to use data to support data-driven decision-making.
Serendipitous libraries
Authors: Hannabuss Stuart 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to suggest that holiday libraries have as much design as they have chance.

Design/methodology/approach
– Generalizability from experiential anecdote.

Findings
– Though ephemeral, such libraries may have items of value and interest, and can have focus and purpose too.

Research limitations/implications
– This paper recommends more research based on survey evidence.

Practical implications
– Chance collections may nevertheless have items of value, can degrade but also be refreshed and may have a pragmatic role for users.

Social implications
– Most users take such collections for granted: a librarian or bibliographer will find them of interest.

Originality/value
– This paper is a commentary on an invisible resource.
Phenomenological model and working mechanism of bio-inspired polymeric composites driven by water gradient
Authors: Lu Haibao , Zhang Aying , Yao Yongtao , Lin Long 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– This paper aims to present a phenomenological model to investigate the underlying mechanism and predict the bio-inspired performance under different thermo-temporal conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
– Flory-Rehner free-energy functions are applied to quantitatively identify the driving forces in the viscously bio-inspired response of a dynamic polymer network. Furthermore, the permeation transition equation is adopted to couple water gradient and water sorption/desorption into the free-energy function.

Findings
– The results show that the influence of potential energy on deformation can be related to a stretching ratio that uniquely determines water sorption/desorption, locomotion frequency and contractile stress. Finally, by means of combining the free-energy function and Arrhenius equation, a phenomenological thermo-temporal model is developed and verified by the experimental results.

Research limitations/implications
– This study focuses on exploring the theoretical mechanism and significantly enhances understanding of relevant experimental features reported previously.

Originality/value
– The outcome of this study will provide a powerful phenomenological and quantitative tool for study on shape memory effect in bio-inspired polymers.
Genetic and epigenetic abnormalities in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Makino Takamitsu , Jinnin Masatoshi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complicated autoimmune and connective tissue disease, of which the pathogenesis and treatment have not been fully elucidated. SSc patients may have a genetic predisposition, such as specific human leukocyte antigens and single nucleotide polymorphisms, but can also develop various clinical symptoms with individual differences. Epigenetics, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, long non‐coding RNA and miRNA, could explain the crossroad between genetics and environmental factors. For instance, epigenetics is associated with environmental factors, which may cause the breakdown of immune tolerance and the development of SSc in patients with a particular genetic background. In the future, further investigations of the interplay between genetics and epigenetics will be beneficial to elucidate the complex molecular cross‐talk and heterogeneity in the SSc pathogenesis. Furthermore, this research will lead to the discovery of new therapeutic approaches and biomarkers.
Lymph node metastasis according to primary tumor location in T1 and T2 stage non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Xiong Jian , Wang Rui , Sun Yihua , Chen Haiquan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the pattern of lymph node metastasis (LNM) according to primary tumor location in T1 and T2 stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.MethodsThe data of 1916 NSCLC patients with LNM who underwent surgery with systematic nodal resection between November 2008 to December 2014 were included in the study. Analyses of tumor location, pathological T stage, and nodal metastasis were performed.ResultsIn T1a stage patients, superior mediastinum, aortopulmonary, and inferior mediastinum lymph node metastases were observed in primary tumors present in the right upper lobe (RUL), left upper lobe (LUL) and right middle lobe (RML), respectively. In T1b‐stage patients, superior mediastinum, aortopulmonary, and inferior mediastinum lymph node metastases were observed in the RML, LUL, and right lower lobe (RLL), respectively. In patients with T2a‐stage, superior mediastinum, aortopulmonary and inferior mediastinum lymph node metastases were observed in the RUL, LUL, and RLL, respectively. However, in T2b‐stage patients, RUL, LUL and RML locations were associated with superior mediastinum, aortopulmonary, and inferior mediastinum lymph node metastases, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression showed that T stage was significantly associated with mediastinal and intrapulmonary lymph node metastases. In addition, tumor location was significantly associated with N2 station LNM.ConclusionLNM varied according to tumor location and T‐stage, which are independent factors influencing N2 station LNM.
Pulse Oximeter Plethysmograph Estimate of Pulsus Paradoxus as a Measure of Acute Asthma Exacerbation Severity and Response to Treatment
Authors: Arnold Donald H. , Wang Li , Hartert Tina V. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectivesPulsus paradoxus is one of the few objective bedside measures of acute asthma exacerbation severity but is difficult to measure in tachypneic and tachycardic patients and in noisy clinical environments. Our primary objective was to examine whether pulse oximeter plethysmograph estimate of pulsus paradoxus (PEP) is associated with physiologic and symptom measures of acute exacerbation severity (airway resistance by impulse oscillometry [%IOS] and the Acute Asthma Intensity Research Score [AAIRS]). Secondary objectives were to validate the previous association of PEP with percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV1) and to examine associations of change of PEP with change of these outcomes after 2 hours of treatment.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of data from a prospective observational study of patients aged 5–17 years with acute asthma exacerbations. The predictor variable, PEP, was measured using a dedicated pulse oximeter and waveform analysis program. Outcome measures included the AAIRS, %IOS, and %FEV1 at baseline and after 2 hours of treatment. We examined associations of PEP with %IOS and the AAIRS at baseline using multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and race. As secondary analyses we similarly examined the association of PEP with %FEV1 at baseline and change of PEP with change of %IOS, the AAIRS, and %FEV1 after 2 hours of treatment using multiple linear regression models adjusted for the baseline value of the outcome measure and the AAIRS.ResultsAmong 684 participants (61% males; 61% African American) there were associations of baseline PEP with %IOS, the AAIRS, and %FEV1 (p < 0.001). Change of PEP after 2 hours of treatment was associated with change of %FEV1 (p < 0.001) and change of the AAIRS (p = 0.01) but not with change of %IOS (p = 0.60).ConclusionsPEP demonstrates criterion validity in predicting baseline %IOS, the AAIRS, and %FEV1, and responsiveness to change of the AAIRS and %FEV1. Data contained in the oximeter plethysmograph waveform might be utilized as a continuous, objective measure of acute asthma exacerbation severity and real‐time response to treatment.