bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To be philanthropic when being international: Evidence from Chinese family firms
Authors: Du Xingqiang , Zeng Quan , Chang Yingying 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study examines the influence of internationalization on corporate philanthropy, and further investigates the moderating effect of political participation of CEO (Chief Executive Officer). Using a sample of Chinese family firms and hand-collected data on corporate philanthropy, internationalization, and CEO’s political participation, our findings show that internationalization is significantly positively associated with corporate philanthropy, suggesting that internationalization plays an important role in promoting corporate philanthropy because of the mounting interaction of corporate philanthropic consciousness among multinational companies. In addition, CEO’s political participation reinforces the positive association between internationalization and corporate philanthropy. Above findings are robust to a variety of sensitivity tests and further our conclusions are still valid after controlling for the endogeneity between internationalization and corporate philanthropy.
Opportunities and constraints for implementing integrated land–sea management on islands
Authors: JUPITER STACY D. , WENGER AMELIA , KLEIN CARISSA J. , ALBERT SIMON , MANGUBHAI SANGEETA , NELSON JOANNA , TENEVA LIDA , TULLOCH VIVITSKAIA J. , WHITE ALAN T. , WATSON JAMES E.M. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYDespite a growing body of literature on integrated land–sea management (ILSM), very little critical assessment has been conducted in order to evaluate ILSM in practice on island systems. Here we develop indicators for assessing 10 integrated island management principles and evaluate the performance of planning and implementation in four island ILSM projects from the tropical Pacific across different governance structures. We find that where customary governance is still strongly respected and enabled through national legislation, ILSM in practice can be very effective at restricting access and use according to fluctuations in resource availability. However, decision-making under customary governance systems may be vulnerable to mismanagement. Government-led ILSM processes have the potential to design management actions that address the spatial scale of ecosystem processes and threats within the context of national policy and legislation, but may not fully capture broad stakeholder interests, and implementation may be poorly coordinated across highly dispersed island archipelagos. Private sector partnerships offer unique opportunities for resourcing island ILSM, although these are highly likely to be geared towards private sector interests that may change in the future and no longer align with community and/or national objectives. We identify consistent challenges that arise during island ILSM planning and implementation and offer recommendations for improvement.
Genetics of fat intake in the determination of body mass
Authors: Chmurzynska Agata , Mlodzik Monika A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBody mass and fat intake are multifactorial traits that have genetic and environmental components. The gene with the greatest effect on body mass is FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated), but several studies have shown that the effect of FTO (and of other genes) on body mass can be modified by the intake of nutrients. The so-called gene–environment interactions may also be important for the effectiveness of weight-loss strategies. Food choices, and thus fat intake, depend to some extent on individual preferences. The most important biological component of food preference is taste, and the role of fat sensitivity in fat intake has recently been pointed out. Relatively few studies have analysed the genetic components of fat intake or fatty acid sensitivity in terms of their relation to obesity. It has been proposed that decreased oral fatty acid sensitivity leads to increased fat intake and thus increased body mass. One of the genes that affect fatty acid sensitivity is CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36). However, little is known so far about the genetic component of fat sensing. We performed a literature review to identify the state of knowledge regarding the genetics of fat intake and its relation to body-mass determination, and to identify the priorities for further investigations.
Expressive Suppression Depletes Executive Functioning in Older Adulthood
Authors: Franchow E. I. , Suchy Yana 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectives: Accurate detection of executive dysfunction in neuropsychological assessments is complicated by the fact that executive functioning (EF) is vulnerable to temporary disruption (i.e., lapses), with more frequent lapses in older adulthood. Effortful regulation of affect (i.e., expressive suppression) is a well-known source of executive lapses in younger adults, but the generalizability of this depleting effect to older adults is unknown. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine whether EF is subject to depletion via expressive suppression and (2) to examine whether this effect is unique to EF, or whether it also applies to lower-order component processes in older adults. Methods: Ninety-seven non-demented, community-dwelling older adults were randomly assigned to either an expressive suppression group or control group. We compared performance of the groups on a battery of tests measuring EF and component processes both before and after exposure to emotionally evocative stimuli. Results: Consistent with the hypothesized depletion effect, suppressing participants showed an attenuated practice effect on post-manipulation EF relative to controls, while performance on lower-order component processes was unaffected by suppression. Conclusions: These results suggest that depletion contributes to executive lapses in older adulthood. (JINS, 2017, 23, 341–351)
School lunches in Japan: their contribution to healthier nutrient intake among elementary-school and junior high-school children
Authors: Asakura Keiko , Sasaki Satoshi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe role of school lunches in diet quality has not been well studied. Here, we aimed to determine the contribution of school lunches to overall nutrient intake in Japanese schoolchildren.DesignThe study was conducted nationwide under a cross-sectional design. A non-consecutive, three-day diet record was performed on two school days and a non-school day separately. The prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake was estimated for intakes on one of the school days and the non-school day, and for daily habitual intake estimated by the best-power method. The relationship between food intake and nutrient intake adequacy was examined.SettingFourteen elementary and thirteen junior high schools in Japan.SubjectsElementary-school children (n 629) and junior high-school children (n 281).ResultsIntakes between the school and non-school days were significantly different for ≥60 % of nutrients. Almost all inadequacies were more prevalent on the non-school day. Regarding habitual intake, a high prevalence of inadequacy was observed for fat (29·9–47·7 %), dietary fibre (18·1–76·1 %) and salt (97·0–100 %). Inadequate habitual intake of vitamins and minerals (except Na) was infrequent in elementary-school children, but was observed in junior high-school children, particularly boys.ConclusionsSchool lunches appear to improve total diet quality, particularly intake of most vitamins and minerals in Japanese children. However, excess intakes of fat and salt and insufficient intake of dietary fibre were major problems in this population. The contribution of school lunches to improving the intakes of these three nutrients was considered insufficient.
Der Gordische Knoten
Authors: Hemkendreis Bruno 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung. Im Jahr 333 vor Christus zog Alexander der Große in Richtung Persien. Er strebte die Herrschaft über ganz Asien an. Der Streitwagen des Königs Gordius war mit einem kunstvoll geknoteten Seil untrennbar mit dem Zugjoch verbunden. Nur wem es gelänge, diesen Knoten zu lösen, der solle die Herrschaft über Persien gewinnen. Viele kluge Männer versuchten sich an dem Knoten. Doch bei jedem Lösungsversuch wurde der Knoten nur noch fester zusammen gezogen. Alexander der Große unternahm nicht einmal den Versuch, den Knoten zu lösen. Er durchtrennte das Seil kurzerhand mit einem Schwerthieb.
Casimir force phase transitions in the graphene family
Authors: Rodriguez-Lopez Pablo , Kort-Kamp Wilton J. M. , Dalvit Diego A. R. , Woods Lilia M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe Casimir force is a universal interaction induced by electromagnetic quantum fluctuations between any types of objects. The expansion of the graphene family by adding silicene, germanene and stanene (2D allotropes of Si, Ge, and Sn), lends itself as a platform to probe Dirac-like physics in honeycomb staggered systems in such a ubiquitous interaction. We discover Casimir force phase transitions between these staggered 2D materials induced by the complex interplay between Dirac physics, spin-orbit coupling and externally applied fields. In particular, we find that the interaction energy experiences different power law distance decays, magnitudes and dependences on characteristic physical constants. Furthermore, due to the topological properties of these materials, repulsive and quantized Casimir interactions become possible.
Genome-wide association analysis identifies loci governing mercury accumulation in maize
Authors: Zhao Zhan , Fu Zhongjun , Lin Yanan , Chen Hao , liu Kun , Xing Xiaolong , Liu Zonghua , Li Weihua , Tang Jihua 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOwing to the rapid development of urbanisation and industrialisation, heavy metal pollution has become a widespread environmental problem. Maize planted on mercury (Hg)-polluted soil can absorb and accumulate Hg in its edible parts, posing a potential threat to human health. To understand the genetic mechanism of Hg accumulation in maize, we performed a genome-wide association study using a mixed linear model on an association population consisting of 230 maize inbred lines with abundant genetic variation. The order of relative Hg concentrations in different maize tissues was as follows: leaves > bracts > stems > axes > kernels. Combined two locations, a total of 37 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with kernels, 12 with axes, 13 with stems, 27 with bracts and 23 with leaves were detected with p < 0.0001. Each significant SNP was calculated and the SNPs significant associated with kernels, axes, stems, bracts and leaves explained 6.96%–10.56%, 7.19%–15.87%, 7.11%–10.19%, 7.16%–8.71% and 6.91%–9.17% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Among the significant SNPs, nine co-localised with previously detected quantitative trait loci. This study will aid in the selection of Hg-accumulation inbred lines that satisfy the needs for pollution-safe cultivars and maintaining maize production.
Dynamic equilibrium on DNA defines transcriptional regulation of a multidrug binding transcriptional repressor, LmrR
Authors: Takeuchi Koh , Imai Misaki , Shimada Ichio 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLmrR is a multidrug binding transcriptional repressor that controls the expression of a major multidrug transporter, LmrCD, in Lactococcus lactis. Promiscuous compound ligations reduce the affinity of LmrR for the lmrCD operator by several fold to release the transcriptional repression; however, the affinity reduction is orders of magnitude smaller than that of typical transcriptional repressors. Here, we found that the transcriptional regulation of LmrR is achieved through an equilibrium between the operator-bound and non-specific DNA-adsorption states in vivo. The effective dissociation constant of LmrR for the lmrCD operator under the equilibrium is close to the endogenous concentration of LmrR, which allows a substantial reduction of LmrR occupancy upon compound ligations. Therefore, LmrR represents a dynamic type of transcriptional regulation of prokaryotic multidrug resistance systems, where the small affinity reduction induced by compounds is coupled to the functional relocalization of the repressor on the genomic DNA via nonspecific DNA adsorption.
Serum Wisteria Floribunda Agglutinin-Positive Sialylated Mucin 1 as a Marker of Progenitor/Biliary Features in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Tamaki Nobuharu , Kuno Atsushi , Matsuda Atsushi , Tsujikawa Hanako , Yamazaki Ken , Yasui Yutaka , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Itakura Jun , Korenaga Masaaki , Mizokami Masashi , Kurosaki Masayuki , Sakamoto Michiie , Narimatsu Hisashi , Izumi Namiki 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHistological molecular classification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is clinically important for predicting the prognosis. However, a reliable serum marker has not been established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum Wisteria Floribunda agglutinin-positive sialylated mucin 1 (WFA-sialylated MUC1), which is a novel biliary marker, as a marker of HCC with hepatic progenitor cell (HPC)/biliary features and of prognosis. A total of 144 consecutive patients who underwent complete radiofrequency ablation of primary HCC were enrolled. A serum WFA-sialylated MUC1 level of 900 μL/mL was determined as the optimal cutoff value for prediction of immunohistochemical staining for HPC/biliary features [sialylated MUC1 and cytokeratin 19 (CK19)]. Positive staining rate of sialylated MUC1 and CK19 was significantly higher in patients with WFA-sialylated MUC1 ≥900 than those with WFA-sialylated MUC1 <900. Furthermore, cumulative incidence of HCC recurrence was significantly higher in patients with WFA-sialylated MUC1 ≥900 and on multivariate analysis, serum WFA-sialylated MUC1 levels was an independent predictor of HCC recurrence. These results revealed that serum WFA-sialylated MUC1 was associated with histological feature of HCC and recurrence after curative therapy and it could be a novel marker of HPC/biliary features in HCC and of prognosis.
A stochastic model of active zone material mediated synaptic vesicle docking and priming at resting active zones
Authors: Jung Jae Hoon , Doniach Sebatian 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSynaptic vesicles (SVs) fuse with the presynaptic membrane (PM) at specialized regions called active zones for synaptic transmission. SVs are associated with dense aggregates of macromolecules called active zone material (AZM) that has been thought to be involved in SV release. However, its role has recently begun to be elucidated. Several morphological studies proposed distinctively different AZM mediated SV docking and priming models: sequential and concurrent SV docking/priming. To explore ways to reconcile the contradictory models we develop a stochastic AZM mediated SV docking and priming model. We assume that the position of each connection site of the AZM macromolecules on their SV, directly linking the SV with the PM, varies by random shortening and lengthening of the macromolecules at resting active zones. We also perform computer simulations of SVs near the PM at resting active zones, and the results show that the distribution of the AZM connection sites can significantly affect the SV’s docking efficiency and distribution of its contact area with the PM, thus priming and that the area correlates with the shape of the SVs providing a way to account for seemingly irreconcilable observations reported about the spatial relationship of SVs with the PM at active zones.
Differential expression of chemosensory-protein genes in midguts in response to diet of Spodoptera litura
Authors: Yi Xin , Qi Jiangwei , Zhou Xiaofan , Hu Mei Ying , Zhong Guo Hua 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhile it has been well characterized that chemosensory receptors in guts of mammals have great influence on food preference, much remains elusive in insects. Insect chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are soluble proteins that could deliver chemicals to olfactory and gustatory receptors. Recent studies have identified a number of CSPs expressed in midgut in Lepidoptera insects, which started to reveal their roles in chemical recognition and stimulating appetite in midgut. In this study, we examined expression patterns in midgut of 21 Spodoptera litura CSPs (SlitCSPs) characterized from a previously reported transcriptome, and three CSPs were identified to be expressed highly in midgut. The orthologous relationships between midgut expressed CSPs in S. litura and those in Bombyx mori and Plutella xylostella also suggest a conserved pattern of CSP expression in midgut. We further demonstrated that the expression of midgut-CSPs may change in response to different host plants, and SlitCSPs could bind typical chemicals from host plant in vitro. Overall, our results suggested midgut expressed SlitCSPs may have functional roles, likely contributing to specialization and adaption to different ecosystems. Better knowledge of this critical component of the chemsensation signaling pathways in midguts may improve our understanding of food preference processes in a new perspective.
Epigenetically regulated Fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 2 (FLRT2) shows tumor suppressor activity in breast cancer cells
Authors: Bae Hansol , Kim Byungtak , Lee Hyunkyung , Lee Seungyeon , Kang Han-Sung , Kim Sun Jung 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTo identify dysregulated genes by abnormal methylation and expression in breast cancer, we genome-wide analyzed methylation and expression microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus and the Cancer Genome Atlas database. One of the genes screenedin silico, FLRT2, showed hypermethylation and downregulation in the cancer dataset and the association was verified both in cultured cell lines and cancer patients’ tissue. To investigate the role of FLRT2 in breast cancer, its expression was knocked down and upregulated in mammary cell lines, and the effect was examined through three levels of approach: pathway analysis; cell activities such as proliferation, colony formation, migration, and adhesion; target gene expression. The top pathway was “Cellular growth and proliferation”, or “Cancer”-related function, with the majority of the genes deregulated in a direction pointing to FLRT2 as a potential tumor suppressor. Concordantly, downregulation of FLRT2 increased cell proliferation and cell migration, while overexpression of FLRT2 had the opposite effect. Notably, cell adhesion was significantly decreased by FLRT2 in the collagen I-coated plate. Taken together, our results provide insights into the role of FLRT2 as a novel tumor suppressor in the breast, which is inactivated by hypermethylation during tumor development.
Habitat filtering and exclusion of weak competitors jointly explain fern species assemblage along a light and water gradient
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhu Shidan , John Robert , Li Ronghua , Liu Hui , Ye Qing 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFern species are an important component of the diversity of forest plant communities, but very little is known about how fern communities assemble in different environments. In this study, we use multiple trait-based tests to examine the relationships between several key eco-physiological traits which are direct indicators of shade and drought tolerance, and the abundance of fern species in pine forest (PF), pine and mixed broad leaf forest (PMBF) and matured broad leaf forest (MBF) in southern China. These forests are characterized by decreasing light but increasing water availability during succession, and the fern communities correspondingly differ in species composition. We tested community assembly using functional trait distributions and found that habitat filtering and exclusion of weak competitive traits among coexisting species jointly explain fern shade tolerance as measured by photosynthetic capacity (PR), photosynthetic nutrient efficiency (PNUE and PPUE) and water use efficiency as measured by carbon isotope ratio (CIR), and constitute important determinants of fern community assembly in all three forests. These observed fern plant strategies are consistent with known responses of other plant taxa such as flowering plants in similar successional environments and illustrate the value of functional trait based analyses to study community assembly.
A scientific report on heat transfer analysis in mixed convection flow of Maxwell fluid over an oscillating vertical plate
Authors: Khan Ilyas , Shah Nehad Ali , Dennis L. C. C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis scientific report investigates the heat transfer analysis in mixed convection flow of Maxwell fluid over an oscillating vertical plate with constant wall temperature. The problem is modelled in terms of coupled partial differential equations with initial and boundary conditions. Some suitable non-dimensional variables are introduced in order to transform the governing problem into dimensionless form. The resulting problem is solved via Laplace transform method and exact solutions for velocity, shear stress and temperature are obtained. These solutions are greatly influenced with the variation of embedded parameters which include the Prandtl number and Grashof number for various times. In the absence of free convection, the corresponding solutions representing the mechanical part of velocity reduced to the well known solutions in the literature. The total velocity is presented as a sum of both cosine and sine velocities. The unsteady velocity in each case is arranged in the form of transient and post transient parts. It is found that the post transient parts are independent of time. The solutions corresponding to Newtonian fluids are recovered as a special case and comparison between Newtonian fluid and Maxwell fluid is shown graphically.
The redox environment triggers conformational changes and aggregation of hIAPP in Type II Diabetes
Authors: Rodriguez Camargo Diana C. , Tripsianes Konstantinos , Buday Katalin , Franko Andras , Göbl Christoph , Hartlmüller Christoph , Sarkar Riddhiman , Aichler Michaela , Mettenleiter Gabriele , Schulz Michael , Böddrich Annett , Erck Christian , Martens Henrik , Walch Axel Karl , Madl Tobias , Wanker Erich E. , Conrad Marcus , de Angelis Martin Hrabě , Reif Bernd 
Published: March 2017

AbstractType II diabetes (T2D) is characterized by diminished insulin production and resistance of cells to insulin. Among others, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a principal factor contributing to T2D and induces a shift towards a more reducing cellular environment. At the same time, peripheral insulin resistance triggers the over-production of regulatory hormones such as insulin and human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP). We show that the differential aggregation of reduced and oxidized hIAPP assists to maintain the redox equilibrium by restoring redox equivalents. Aggregation thus induces redox balancing which can assist initially to counteract ER stress. Failure of the protein degradation machinery might finally result in β-cell disruption and cell death. We further present a structural characterization of hIAPP in solution, demonstrating that the N-terminus of the oxidized peptide has a high propensity to form an α-helical structure which is lacking in the reduced state of hIAPP. In healthy cells, this residual structure prevents the conversion into amyloidogenic aggregates.