bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glycerol in subcritical and supercritical solvents
Authors: Galy Nicolas , Nguyen Rémi , Yalgin Hasret , Thiebault Nicolas , Luart Denis , Len Christophe 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTGlycerol conversion to added value chemicals is a research avenue that has attracted significant interest in recent years. The utilization of critical solvents such as water and organic solvents in critical conditions as well as subcritical conditions (or hot compressed solvent) and supercritical conditions can offer several advantages to batch processes and in continuous flow systems in view of their potential implementation in industry. This review has been aimed to highlight most recent key processes for glycerol valorization to valuable products using different types of catalysts and processes. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
New diketopiperazines as vectors for peptide protection and brain delivery: Synthesis and biological evaluation
Authors: Virgone‐Carlotta A. , Dufour E. , Bacot S. , Ahmadi M. , Cornou M. , Moni L. , Garcia J. , Chierici S. , Garin D. , Marti‐Batlle D. , Perret P. , Ghersi‐Egea J.F. , Moulin Sallanon M. , Fagret D. , Ghezzi C. 
Published: September 2016

New strategies allowing the transfer of molecules, especially peptides, through the blood‐brain barriers are a major pharmacological challenge for the treatment of brain diseases. The present study aims at evaluating in vivo the cerebral bioavailability of carrier systems, based on small and functionalizable 2,5‐diketopiperazine (DKP) motifs. We studied 2 different cyclo(Lys‐Lys) DKP scaffolds alone and a cyclo(Lys‐Gly) DKP carrier bearing as peptide model, the tau protein hexapeptide VQIVYK sequence.The different carrier systems were synthesized and radiolabeled using one of the free domains. The stability, biodistribution, and ability to cross blood‐brain barrier were investigated in vivo in mice for 99mTc‐DKP scaffolds, 99mTc‐HVQIVYK peptide alone, and 99mTc‐DKP‐VQIVYK. 125I‐labelled bovine serum albumin was used as negative control for brain uptake.Both radiolabeled DKPs scaffolds and 99mTc‐DKP‐VQIVYK showed a high stability, while peptide 99mTc‐HVQIVYK alone was quickly degraded in vivo. The presence of 99mTc‐DKPs scaffolds and 99mTc‐DKP‐VQIVYK was observed in the ventricular and subarachnoid spaces and to a lower extent in the brain parenchyma up to 45 minutes post‐injection in mice.This work highlights the potentiality of DKP scaffolds as vectors to transport peptides into the brain by limiting proteolysis and favoring cerebral bioavailability.
Combination of Cymbopogon citratus and Allium cepa essential oils increased antibacterial activity in leafy vegetables
Authors: Ortega‐Ramirez Luis A , Silva‐Espinoza Brenda A , Vargas‐Arispuro Irasema , Gonzalez‐Aguilar Gustavo A , Cruz‐Valenzuela M Reynaldo , Nazzaro Filomena , Ayala‐Zavala J Fernando 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDCymbopogon citratus and Allium cepa essential oils (EOs) are rich in terpenes and sulfur compounds respectively, both with antibacterial activity and different cell targets, supporting the idea that their combination can increase their efficacy.RESULTSMajor constituents of C. citratus were geranial and neral, while A. cepa presented dipropyl disulfide and dipropyl trisulfide. Cymbopogon citratus and A. cepa EOs inhibited the in vitro growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (minimal inhibitory concentrations of 2.21 and 5.13 g L−1 respectively), Salmonella Choleraesuis (3.04 and 1.28 g L−1), Listeria monocytogenes (1.33 and 2.56 g L−1) and Staphylococcus aureus (0.44 and 5.26 g L−1). Application of the EO combination to spinach caused a greater reduction in E. coli (2.34 log colony‐forming units (CFU) g−1), S. Choleraesuis (2.94 log CFU g−1), L. monocytogenes (2.06 log CFU g−1) and S. aureus (1.37 log CFU g−1) compared with higher doses of individual EOs; a similar effect was observed for romaine lettuce. Individual and combined EOs caused a reduction in flavor acceptability level; however, no significant differences were found among odor acceptability of control vegetables and those treated with the EO combination and C. citratus EO.CONCLUSIONLeafy vegetables treated with the EO combination showed higher antibacterial protection and odor acceptability compared with individual EO treatments. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Non‐targeted metabolite profiling highlights the potential of strawberry leaves as a resource for specific bioactive compounds
Authors: Kårlund Anna , Hanhineva Kati , Lehtonen Marko , McDougall Gordon J , Stewart Derek , Karjalainen Reijo O 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe non‐edible parts of horticultural crops, such as leaves, contain substantial amounts of valuable bioactive compounds which are currently only little exploited. For example, strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) leaves may be a promising bioresource for diverse health‐related applications. However, product standardization sets a real challenge, especially when the leaf material comes from varying cultivars. The first step towards better quality control of berry fruit leaf‐based ingredients and supplements is to understand metabolites present and their stability in different plant cultivars, so this study surveyed the distribution of potentially bioactive strawberry leaf metabolites in six different strawberry cultivars. Non‐targeted metabolite profiling analysis using LC/qTOF‐ESI‐MS with data processing via principal component analysis and k‐means clustering analysis was utilized to examine differences and commonalities between the leaf metabolite profiles.RESULTSQuercetin and kaempferol derivatives were the dominant flavonol groups in strawberry leaves. Previously described and novel caffeic and chlorogenic acid derivatives were among the major phenolic acids. In addition, ellagitannins were one of the distinguishing compound classes in strawberry leaves. In general, strawberry leaves also contained high levels of octadecatrienoic acid derivatives, precursors of valuable odour compounds.CONCLUSIONThe specific bioactive compounds found in the leaves of different strawberry cultivars offer the potential for the selection of optimized leaf materials for added‐value food and non‐food applications. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Magnetic properties in metal‐organic framework compounds [M2(C8H4O4)2 · C6H12N2] (M = Cu, Ni, Co)
Authors: Kozlova Svetlana G. , Samsonenko Denis G. , Tkachenko Ivan A. , Slobodyuk Arseny B. , Stepnov Dmitrii A. , Yunoshev Alexander S. 
Published: September 2016

The magnetic properties of metal‐organic framework compounds [M2(C8H4O4)2 · C6H12N2] (M = Cu, Ni, Co) were studied in the region of 300–4 K by magnetic susceptibility and 1H magic‐angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The interaction between the magnetic ions M was found to be antiferromagnetic at the temperatures above 100–150 K. Lowering the temperature changes the interaction character to ferromagnetic. The exchange interaction was found between 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (dabco) molecules and magnetic ion.Magnetic properties in metal‐organic framework compound.
Water systems understandings: a framework for designing instruction and considering what learners know about water
Authors: Sadler Troy D. , Nguyen Hai , Lankford Deanna 
Published: September 2016

Water is critical to the existence of Earth in its current form; therefore, it stands to reason that a student's science education experiences ought to support the development of increasingly sophisticated ideas about water in socio‐ecological systems. Despite the significance of water, it has tended not to receive systematic treatment in the science curriculum. A framework is advanced to help educators and curriculum developers conceptualize water systems in the science curriculum. The framework is composed of physical dimensions of water systems and aspects of water systems understandings. This framework can be used to plan for curriculum, instruction, and assessment; it can also be used to organize a review of existing research on student ideas about water and associated misconceptions. Misconceptions that have been documented regarding the various physical dimensions of water systems (surface water, groundwater, atmospheric water, water in biotic systems, and water in engineered systems) are discussed. WIREs Water 2017, 4:e1178. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1178This article is categorized under:

Engineering Water > Planning Water
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
Mathematical modeling of the female reproductive system: from oocyte to delivery
Authors: Clark Alys R , Kruger Jennifer A 
Published: September 2016

From ovulation to delivery, and through the menstrual cycle, the female reproductive system undergoes many dynamic changes to provide an optimal environment for the embryo to implant, and to develop successfully. It is difficult ethically and practically to observe the system over the timescales involved in growth and development (often hours to days). Even in carefully monitored conditions clinicians and biologists can only see snapshots of the development process. Mathematical models are emerging as a key means to supplement our knowledge of the reproductive process, and to tease apart complexity in the reproductive system. These models have been used successfully to test existing hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of female infertility and pathological fetal development, and also to provide new experimentally testable hypotheses regarding the process of development. This new knowledge has allowed for improvements in assisted reproductive technologies and is moving toward translation to clinical practice via multiscale assessments of the dynamics of ovulation, development in pregnancy, and the timing and mechanics of delivery. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2017, 9:e1353. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1353This article is categorized under:

Developmental Biology > Developmental Processes in Health and Disease
Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Mechanistic Models
Physiology > Mammalian Physiology in Health and Disease
An overview of rapamycin: from discovery to future perspectives
Authors: Yoo Young Ji , Kim Hanseong , Park Sung Ryeol , Yoon Yeo Joon 
Published: September 2016

AbstractRapamycin is an immunosuppressive metabolite produced from several actinomycete species. Besides its immunosuppressive activity, rapamycin and its analogs have additional therapeutic potentials, including antifungal, antitumor, neuroprotective/neuroregenerative, and lifespan extension activities. The core structure of rapamycin is derived from (4R,5R)-4,5-dihydrocyclohex-1-ene-carboxylic acid that is extended by polyketide synthase. The resulting linear polyketide chain is cyclized by incorporating pipecolate and further decorated by post-PKS modification enzymes. Herein, we review the discovery and biological activities of rapamycin as well as its mechanism of action, mechanistic target, biosynthesis, and regulation. In addition, we introduce the many efforts directed at enhancing the production of rapamycin and generating diverse analogs and also explore future perspectives in rapamycin research. This review will also emphasize the remarkable pilot studies on the biosynthesis and production improvement of rapamycin by Dr. Demain, one of the world’s distinguished scientists in industrial microbiology and biotechnology.
Policy documents as sources for measuring societal impact: how often is climate change research mentioned in policy-related documents?
Authors: Bornmann Lutz , Haunschild Robin , Marx Werner 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn the current UK Research Excellence Framework (REF) and the Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA), societal impact measurements are inherent parts of the national evaluation systems. In this study, we deal with a relatively new form of societal impact measurements. Recently, Altmetric—a start-up providing publication level metrics—started to make data for publications available which have been mentioned in policy documents. We regard this data source as an interesting possibility to specifically measure the (societal) impact of research. Using a comprehensive dataset with publications on climate change as an example, we study the usefulness of the new data source for impact measurement. Only 1.2 % (n = 2341) out of 191,276 publications on climate change in the dataset have at least one policy mention. We further reveal that papers published in Nature and Science as well as from the areas “Earth and related environmental sciences” and “Social and economic geography” are especially relevant in the policy context. Given the low coverage of the climate change literature in policy documents, this study can be only a first attempt to study this new source of altmetrics data. Further empirical studies are necessary, because mentions in policy documents are of special interest in the use of altmetrics data for measuring target-oriented the broader impact of research.
(Teil-)Automatisierung der liquid-overlay-Sphäroidkultivierung
Authors: Krüger Alexander , Ingargiola Mirjam , Hüther Melanie , Kunz-Schughart Leoni A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
3D tumor spheroid models are increasingly applied in secondary, cellbased drug testing due to certain therapy-relevant in vivo-like characteristics. Automation of routine and delicate steps in spheroid culturing and processing, including the gentle well-to-well transfer of spheroids, facilitates spheroid-based assay standardization. Semi-automated workflows minimize experimental variations and are recommended in particular for combination treatment testing and long-term monitoring.
Automatisierung für die personalisierte Krebstherapie
Authors: Hadenfeld Manal , Rauser Georg , Köhl Ulrike , Abken Hinrich , Apel Michael 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Every year, in Germany about 17.000 patients are diagnosed with malignant melanoma, and 3.000 patients die as a consequence of the disease. Recently, many successful results in cancer therapy were achieved by the CAR T cell therapy. In the BMBF-funded project CD20 CAR-TIME, CAR T cells will be applied to treat melanoma patients in a clinical study. Moreover, this project consortium will explore how automation can de - liver this personalized form of therapy to a large number of patients.
Yield of computed tomography pulmonary angiogram in the emergency department in cancer patients suspected to have pulmonary embolism
Authors: Tannous Pierre , Mukadam Zubin , Kammari Chetan , Banavasi Harsha , Soubani Ayman O. 
Published: September 2016

Objective/background:
The use of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in the emergency department (ED) for patients suspected to have pulmonary embolism (PE) has been steadily rising in the last 2 decades. However, there are limited studies that specifically address the use of CTPA in the ED for cancer patients suspected to have PE. The objective of this study is to assess the rate of positive PE by CTPA in the ED in cancer patients and the variables that are associated with positive results.

Methods:
A retrospective review of electronic medical records for 208 consecutive patients with cancer who presented to the ED and received a CTPA for suspected PE over a 12-month period. The review included demographics, type and status of cancer, presenting symptoms, CTPA results, calculation of Wells Score, management based on CT findings, and outcome of patients.

Results:
Among the 208 patients who met the inclusion criteria during our study period (mean age 57 ± 13.37 years, 73% women, 59% African American, and 32% Caucasians), 5.7% were diagnosed with PE. One hundred and eighty-two (83.7%) had a Wells Score ≤ 4, of which 2.2% were found to have to have PE, 22 (16.3%) patients had a Wells Score >4 of which 36.4% were found to have PE (p < .0001). Sensitivity and specificity of Wells > 4 was 66.7% and 92.9%, respectively, with an odds ratio of 27 (95% CI 6.6-113.6). Receiver operator characteristics area under the curve for Wells Score was 0.868. Age, race, sex, malignancy type, stage, status, clinical presentation, D-dimer, and a previous history of venous thromboembolism were not found to have statistically significant predictive values.

Conclusion:
The yield of CTPA to rule out PE in patients with cancer presenting in the ED is low. Following a validated decision-making protocol such as Wells Criteria may significantly decrease the number of CTPA used in the ED.
Perinatal exposure to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram alters spatial learning and memory, anxiety, depression, and startle in Sprague‐Dawley rats
Authors: Sprowles Jenna L.N. , Hufgard Jillian R. , Gutierrez Arnold , Bailey Rebecca A. , Jablonski Sarah A. , Williams Michael T. , Vorhees Charles V. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) block the serotonin (5‐HT) reuptake transporter (SERT) and increase synaptic 5‐HT. 5‐HT is also important in brain development; hence when SSRIs are taken during pregnancy there exists the potential for these drugs to affect CNS ontogeny. Prenatal SSRI exposure has been associated with an increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and peripheral 5‐HT is elevated in some ASD patients. Perinatal SSRI exposure in rodents has been associated with increased depression and anxiety‐like behavior, decreased sociability, and impaired learning in the offspring, behaviors often seen in ASD. The present study investigated whether perinatal exposure to citalopram causes persistent neurobehavioral effects. Gravid Sprague‐Dawley rats were assigned to two groups and subcutaneously injected twice per day with citalopram (10 mg/kg; Cit) or saline (Sal) 6 h apart on embryonic day (E)6‐21, and then drug was given directly to the pups after delivery from postnatal day (P)1‐20. Starting on P60, one male/female from each litter was tested in the Cincinnati water maze (CWM) and open‐field before and after MK‐801. A second pair from each litter was tested in the Morris water maze (MWM) and open‐field before and after (+)‐amphetamine. A third pair was tested as follows: elevated zero‐maze, open‐field, marble burying, prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle, social preference, and forced swim. Cit‐exposed rats were impaired in the MWM during acquisition and probe, but not during reversal, shift, or cued trials. Cit‐exposed rats also showed increased marble burying, decreased time in the center of the open‐field, decreased latency to immobility in forced swim, and increased acoustic startle across prepulse intensities with no effects on CWM. The results are consistent with citalopram inducing several ASD‐like effects. The findings add to concerns about use of SSRIs during pregnancy. Further research on different classes of antidepressants, dose‐effect relationships, timing of exposure periods, and mechanisms for these effects are needed. It is also important to balance the effects described here against the effects of the disorders for which the drugs are given.
A monograph on Perampanel
Authors: Chinnadurai Somasundaram , Ranganathan Lakshmi , Shankar Gobinathan , Arulnambi Tamilpavai , Mehndiratta Man Mohan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPerampanel is a non-competitive antagonist at the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid) subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. It is approved as an adjunctive therapy in focal epilepsy with or without secondarily generalised seizures in patients aged >12 years. This in-depth review describes the structure, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic profile, indications, dosage and efficacy, contraindications, possible drug interactions, adverse effect profile and its management with regards to Perampanel. It is one of the latest additions in the therapeutic armamentarium of an epileptologist being useful in focal as well as generalised epilepsies as an add-on. It has shown high rates of efficacy and a relatively good tolerability. Slow dose titration, patient education and bed time dosing along with downtitration of medications which may aggravate Perampanel associated adverse events improves the patients’ compliance and quality of life.
DNP, mitochondrial uncoupling, and neuroprotection: A little dab'll do ya
Authors: Geisler John G. , Marosi Krisztina , Halpern Joshua , Mattson Mark P. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractRecent findings have elucidated roles for mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) in neuronal plasticity and resistance to metabolic and oxidative stress. UCPs are induced by bioenergetic challenges such as caloric restriction and exercise and may protect neurons against dysfunction and degeneration. The pharmacological uncoupler 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), which was once prescribed to >100,000 people as a treatment for obesity, stimulates several adaptive cellular stress‐response signaling pathways in neurons including those involving the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the transcription factor cyclic AMP response element‐binding protein (CREB), and autophagy. Preclinical data show that low doses of DNP can protect neurons and improve functional outcome in animal models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, epilepsy, and cerebral ischemic stroke. Repurposing of DNP and the development of novel uncoupling agents with hormetic mechanisms of action provide opportunities for new breakthrough therapeutic interventions in a range of acute and chronic insidious neurodegenerative/neuromuscular conditions, all paradoxically at body weight–preserving doses.
Colorectal injury by compressed air: the rule of conservative therapy
Authors: Al-Ozaibi Labib , Al-Jarrah Zhwar 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe are reporting a case of colorectal injury caused by a jet of compressed air directed from a distance towards the anus. The patient mentioned that it happened accidentally while his colleague was cleaning his clothes using compressed air. The patient presented with acute abdominal pain and distension. A contrast CT study did not show any free air or leakage. The patient was treated conservatively, progressed well and was discharged from the hospital on the fourth day.
Aferrarse o soltar privilegios de género: sobre masculinidades hegemónicas y disidentes
Authors: Bard Wigdor Gabriela 
Published: September 2016

Las investigaciones e intervenciones dirigidas a prevenir la violencia de género y a promover la igualdad han contemplado, de manera predominante, acciones y medidas que tienen como destinatarias a las mujeres. Sin embargo, esta problemática debería abordarse de modo relacional. Si solo trabajamos con una de las partes implicadas, habitualmente las mujeres, dejamos fuera al actor principal del conflicto: el varón. Por eso, en el presente artículo, nos proponemos desarrollar los aspectos más relevantes que constituyen a las masculinidades hegemónicas y a las “nuevas masculinidades”, tanto desde un abordaje teórico como empírico, a partir de autores claves y entrevistas realizadas a varones durante 2015. El objetivo es involucrar no solo a las mujeres sino también a los varones en labores de problematización de su propiaposición de privilegio y de prevención de la violencia de género, de manera que contribuyan a la socialización de las nuevas generaciones en valores democráticos de ejercicio del poder y en relaciones igualitarias.