bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute triventricular hydrocephalus caused by choroid plexus cysts: a diagnostic and neurosurgical challenge
Authors: Spennato Pietro , Chiaramonte Carmela , Cicala Domenico , Donofrio Vittoria , Barbarisi Manlio , Nastro Anna , Mirone Giuseppe , Trischitta Vincenzo , Cinalli Giuseppe 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE
Intraventricular choroid plexus cysts are unusual causes of acute hydrocephalus in children. Radiological diagnosis of intraventricular choroid plexus cysts is difficult because they have very thin walls and fluid contents similar to CSF and can go undetected on routine CT studies.

METHODS
This study reports the authors' experience with 5 patients affected by intraventricular cysts originating from the choroid plexus. All patients experienced acute presentation with rapid neurological deterioration, sometimes associated with hypothalamic dysfunction, and required urgent surgery. In 2 cases the symptoms were intermittent, with spontaneous remission and sudden clinical deteriorations, reflecting an intermittent obstruction of the CSF pathway.

RESULTS
Radiological diagnosis was difficult in these cases because a nonenhanced CT scan revealed only triventricular hydrocephalus, with slight lateral ventricle asymmetry in all cases. MRI with driven-equilibrium sequences and CT ventriculography (in 1 case) allowed the authors to accurately diagnose the intraventricular cysts that typically occupied the posterior part of the third ventricle, occluding the aqueduct and at least 1 foramen of Monro. The patients were managed by urgent implantation of an external ventricular drain in 1 case (followed by endoscopic surgery, after completing a diagnostic workup) and by urgent endoscopic surgery in 4 cases. Endoscopic surgery allowed the shrinkage and near-complete removal of the cysts in all cases. Use of neuronavigation and a laser were indispensable. All procedures were uneventful, resulting in restoration of normal neurological conditions. Long-term follow-up (> 2 years) was available for 2 patients, and no complications or recurrences occurred.

CONCLUSIONS
This case series emphasizes the necessity of an accurate and precise identification of the possible causes of triventricular hydrocephalus. Endoscopic surgery can be considered the ideal treatment of choroid plexus cysts in children.
The Avian Collection of the Zoological Museum of the University of Athens (ZMUA)
Authors: Papastefanou Gabriella , Legakis Anastasios , Shogolev Igor 
Published: November 2016

The Zoological Museum of the University of Athens (ZMUA) was established in 1858. It is the oldest natural history museum of Greece. The museum began its operation with the acquisition of a core collection and has been expanding ever since. One of the most substantial parts of the museum's collection consists of the avian exhibits, originating from around the world.
Today, the avian collection consists of 2,948 specimens, preserved mostly through taxidermy, along with a significant number of eggs. The birds have been collected from around the world. A substantial part of the collection consists of individuals originating from Greece, Brazil, Canada and Australia. Having this valuable source of biogeographic information and a potential reserve of historical genetic diversity, ZMUA presents here the contents of the avian collection.
CIGESMED for divers: Establishing a citizen science initiative for the mapping and monitoring of coralligenous assemblages in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Gerovasileiou Vasilis , Dailianis Thanos , Panteri Emmanouela , Michalakis Nikitas , Gatti Giulia , Sini Maria , Dimitriadis Charalampos , Issaris Yiannis , Salomidi Maria , Filiopoulou Irene , Doğan Alper , Thierry de Ville d’Avray Laure , David Romain , Ҫinar Melih Ertan , Koutsoubas Drosos , Féral Jean-Pierre , Arvanitidis Christos 
Published: November 2016

Over the last decade, inventorying and monitoring of marine biodiversity has significantly benefited from the active engagement of volunteers. Although several Citizen Science projects concern tropical reef ecosystems worldwide, none of the existing initiatives has yet specifically focused on their Mediterranean equivalents. Mediterranean coralline reefs, known as “coralligenous”, are bioherms primarily built by calcifying rhodophytes on hard substrates under dim-light conditions; they are considered hotspots of biodiversity and are extremely popular among divers due to their complex structure, conspicuous biological wealth and high aesthetic value. Nevertheless, data on their distribution, structure and conservation status is lacking for several Mediterranean areas while they are vulnerable to an increasing number of threats.
In the framework of CIGESMED SeasEra (ERAnet) project a specialized Citizen Science project was launched, aiming to engage enthusiast divers in the study and monitoring of Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages through the gathering of basic information regarding their spatial occurrence, assemblage structure and associated pressures or threats. For its active implementation, a data collection protocol and a multilingual website were developed, comprising an educational module and a data submission platform. Georeferenced data reporting focuses on: (a) basic topographic and abiotic features for the preliminary description of each site, and the creation of data series for sites receiving multiple visits; (b) presence and relative abundance of typical conspicuous species, as well as (c) existence of pressures and imminent threats, for the characterization and assessment of coralligenous assemblages. A variety of tools is provided to facilitate end users, while divers have the choice to report additional information and are encouraged to upload their photographs. The long-term goal is the development of an active community of amateur observers providing widespread and ecologically significant data on coralligenous assemblages.
Cumacea of Greece: a preliminary checklist
Authors: Koulouri Panayota , Gerovasileiou Vasilis , Bailly Nicolas 
Published: November 2016

The first attempt to compile the checklist of Cumacea of Greece was made in the context of the "Greek Biodiversity Database" project (2005-2008) coordinated by the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Since then, only scattered information on new elements of the Greek cumacean fauna has been available. The objectives of the present study were to update and cross-check taxonomically all cumacean species records from Greek waters for inaccuracies and omissions according to the recent literature and current taxonomic status.
The updated checklist of Cumacea of Greece, which was built within the framework of the LifeWatch Greece Research Infrastructure (ESFRI) project (2013-2015) coordinated by the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, comprises 62 species, classified in 24 genera and 6 families. However, a few more records need further cross-checking with the current literature resources.
Adherence and Persistence with Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Curtis Jeffrey R. , Bykerk Vivian P. , Aassi Maher , Schiff Michael 
Published: November 2016

Objective.Medication adherence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is typically suboptimal. Nonadherence has been associated with symptom worsening and increased disability. We systematically reviewed published clinical studies to evaluate methotrexate (MTX) adherence and persistence, factors associated with MTX adherence and persistence, and the effect of MTX nonadherence on clinical outcomes in RA.Methods.MEDLINE and Embase were systematically searched (inception to February 2016) using relevant keywords. Observational or interventional clinical studies in patients with RA that specifically reported adherence to or persistence with MTX were included. Data were extracted using a predesigned, standardized template that included study design, patient demographics, and relevant outcomes. Main outcomes were MTX adherence and persistence rates in patients with RA treated with MTX and factors associated with MTX adherence and persistence.Results.Of 365 references screened, 31 articles met inclusion criteria and another 10 were identified from searching reference lists. Estimates of MTX adherence varied from study to study because of heterogeneity in patient populations, duration of followup, definitions of adherence, and methods of assessment. Rates of MTX persistence ranged from 50% to 94% at 1 year and 25% to 79% at 5 years. No clear trends were identified in factors that influence MTX adherence and persistence. Two studies suggested that MTX adherence was associated with superior clinical outcomes.Conclusion.MTX adherence and persistence are highly variable in patients with RA. Research is necessary to determine the effect of nonadherence on health outcomes and to identify independent predictors of nonadherence to inform evidence-based interventions.
Knee Pain Predicts Subsequent Shoulder Pain and the Association Is Mediated by Leg Weakness: Longitudinal Observational Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Laslett Laura L. , Otahal Petr , Hensor Elizabeth M.A. , Kingsbury Sarah R. , Conaghan Philip G. 
Published: November 2016

Objective.To assess whether the “spread” of joint pain is related to pain-associated muscle loss in 1 joint leading to increased loading and subsequent pain in other joints.Methods.Associations between persistent knee pain (pain in 1 or 2 knees over 0–3 years vs no persistent pain) and incident shoulder pain at Year 4 were examined in participants from the longitudinal National Institutes of Health Osteoarthritis Initiative. Associations were assessed using log multinomial modeling, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, depression score, other lower limb pain, and baseline leg weakness (difficulty standing from a sitting position).Results.In older adults with clinically significant knee osteoarthritis (OA) or at risk of knee OA (n = 3486), the number of painful joints increased yearly, from 2.1 joints (95% CI 2.0–2.2) at baseline increasing by 5.2% (95% CI 2.2–8.3) at Year 4. Shoulders were the next most commonly affected joints after knees (28.5%). Persistent pain in 1 or 2 knees increased risk of bilateral shoulder pain at Year 4 [1 knee: relative risk (RR) 1.59, 95% CI 0.97–2.61; 2 knees: RR 2.02, 95% CI 1.17–3.49] after adjustment for confounders. Further adjustment for leg weakness attenuated effect sizes (1 knee: RR 1.13, 95% CI 0.60–2.11; 2 knees: RR 1.44, 95% CI 0.75–2.77), indicating mediation by functional leg weakness.Conclusion.Spread of joint pain is not random. Persistently painful knees predict new bilateral shoulder pain, which is likely mediated by leg weakness, suggesting that biomechanical factors influence the spread of pain.
Enjeux et limites de la professionnalisation d’un groupe « minoritaire » : les éducatrices de jeunes enfants (EJE)
Authors: Hilbold Mej 
Published: November 2016

Dans un contexte de travail massivement féminisé, minorisé, invisibilisé, les professions de la petite enfance ont à lutter contre des représentations de métiers féminins exercés « naturellement » par des femmes, fréquemment pensées comme figures maternantes, tirant essentiellement leurs compétences d’expériences relevant de la sphère privée. Leur arme historique contre ces représentations est leur « professionnalisation» - une professionnalisation pensée ici comme processus de subjectivation - , qui passe aujourd’hui, pour certaines catégories comme les éducatrices de jeunes enfants, par une formation au management d’équipe. La valorisation des professions doit-elle fatalement passer par une normalisation ? Comment cette profession se trouve-t-elle altérée sa professionnalisation ? Cet article s’appuie sur des données empiriques récoltées auprès de personnels de crèches collectives et d’étudiants et formateurs en centres de formation pour éducateurs de jeunes enfants (observations ethnographiques et entretiens non-directifs) et se caractérise au plan théorique par l’examen critique de la sociologie des professions éducatives au prisme des études de genre.
Using a Decision Wheel to Reduce Use of Restraints in a Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Hevener Stacy , Rickabaugh Barbara , Marsh Toby 
Published: November 2016

Background
Little information is available on the use of tools in intensive care units to help nurses determine when to restrain a patient. Patients in medical-surgical intensive care units are often restrained for their safety to prevent them from removing therapeutic devices. Research indicates that restraints do not necessarily prevent injuries or removal of devices by patients.

Objectives
To decrease use of restraints in a medical-surgical intensive care unit and to determine if a decision support tool is useful in helping bedside nurses determine whether or not to restrain a patient.

Methods
A quasi-experimental study design was used for this pilot study. Data were collected for each patient each shift indicating if therapeutic devices were removed and if restraints were used. An online educational activity supplemented by 1-on-1 discussion about proper use of restraints, alternatives, and use of a restraint decision tool was provided. Frequency of restraint use was determined. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to examine nurses’ perceptions of the decision support tool.

Results
Use of restraints was reduced 32%. No unplanned extubations or disruption of life-threatening therapeutic devices by unrestrained patients occurred.

Conclusions
With implementation of the decision support tool, nurses decreased their use of restraints yet maintained patients’ safety. A decision support tool may help nurses who are undecided or who need reassurance on their decision to restrain or not restrain a patient.
BPTF Is Essential for T Cell Homeostasis and Function
Authors: Wu Bing , Wang Yunqi , Wang Chaojun , Wang Gang Greg , Wu Jie , Wan Yisong Y. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Bromodomain PHD finger transcription factor (BPTF), a ubiquitously expressed ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factor, is critical for epigenetically regulating DNA accessibility and gene expression. Although BPTF is important for the development of thymocytes, its function in mature T cells remains largely unknown. By specifically deleting BPTF from late double-negative 3/double-negative 4 stage of developing T cells, we found that BPTF was critical for the homeostasis of T cells via a cell-intrinsic manner. In addition, BPTF was essential for the maintenance and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Treg cell–specific BPTF deletion led to reduced Foxp3 expression, increased lymphocyte infiltration in the nonlymphoid organs, and a systemic autoimmune syndrome. These findings therefore reveal a vital role for BPTF in T and Treg cell function and immune homeostasis.
CD8αα+MHC Class II+ Cell with the Capacity To Terminate Autoimmune Inflammation Is a Novel Antigen-Presenting NK-like Cell in Rats
Authors: Wu Jean , Carlock Colin , Ross April , Shim Junbo , Lou Yahuan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Discovery of immune tolerance mechanisms, which inhibit pre-existing autoimmune inflammation, may provide us with new strategies for treating autoimmune diseases. We have identified a CD8αα+MHC class II+ cell with professional APC capacity during our investigation on spontaneous recovery from autoimmune glomerulonephritis in a rat model. This cell actively invades inflamed target tissue and further terminates an ongoing autoimmune inflammation by selective killing of effector autoreactive T cells. In this study, we show that this cell used a cytotoxic machinery of Ly49s+ NK cells in killing of target T cells. Thus, this CD8αα+MHC class II+ cell was a dually functional Ag-presenting NK-like (AP-NK) cell. Following its coupling with target T cells through Ag presentation, killing stimulatory receptor Ly49s6 and coreceptor CD8αα on this cell used rat nonclassic MHC class I C/E16 on the target T cells as a ligand to initiate killing. Thus, activated effector T cells with elevated expression of rat nonclassic MHC class I C/E16 were highly susceptible to the killing by the CD8αα+ AP-NK cell. Granule cytolytic perforin/granzyme C from this cell subsequently mediated cytotoxicity. Thus, inhibition of granzyme C effectively attenuated the killing. As it can recognize and eliminate effector autoreactive T cells in the inflamed target tissue, the CD8αα+ AP-NK cell not only represents a new type of immune cell involved in immune tolerance, but it also is a potential candidate for developing a cell-based therapy for pre-existing autoimmune diseases.
NKT Cell–Deficient Mice Harbor an Altered Microbiota That Fuels Intestinal Inflammation during Chemically Induced Colitis
Authors: Selvanantham Thirumahal , Lin Qiaochu , Guo Cynthia Xinyi , Surendra Anuradha , Fieve Stephanie , Escalante Nichole K. , Guttman David S. , Streutker Catherine J. , Robertson Susan J. , Philpott Dana J. , Mallevaey Thierry 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
NKT cells are unconventional T cells that respond to self and microbe-derived lipid and glycolipid Ags presented by the CD1d molecule. Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells influence immune responses in numerous diseases. Although only a few studies have examined their role during intestinal inflammation, it appears that iNKT cells protect from Th1-mediated inflammation but exacerbate Th2-mediated inflammation. Studies using iNKT cell–deficient mice and chemically induced dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis have led to inconsistent results. In this study, we show that CD1d-deficient mice, which lack all NKT cells, harbor an altered intestinal microbiota that is associated with exacerbated intestinal inflammation at steady-state and following DSS treatment. This altered microbiota, characterized by increased abundance of the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Deferribacteres, and TM7, among which the mucin-eating Mucispirillum, as well as members of the genus Prevotella and segmented filamentous bacteria, was transmissible upon fecal transplant, along with the procolitogenic phenotype. Our results also demonstrate that this proinflammatory microbiota influences iNKT cell function upon activation during DSS colitis. Collectively, alterations of the microbiota have a major influence on colitis outcome and therefore have to be accounted for in such experimental settings and in studies focusing on iNKT cells.
Five-Year Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends Among Bacterial Isolates from a Tertiary Health-Care Facility in Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Carroll Makeda , Rangaiahagari Ashok , Musabeyezu Emmanuel , Singer Donald , Ogbuagu Onyema 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. There is limited information from Rwanda on AMR trends. This longitudinal study aimed to describe temporal trends of antibiotic susceptibility among common bacteria. We collated the antimicrobial susceptibility results of bacteria cultured from clinical specimens collected from inpatients and outpatients and submitted to the microbiology laboratory at King Faisal Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda, from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2013. Differences in antimicrobial susceptibility between the first and fifth year of the study for each bacterial species was assessed using χ2 test. Of 5,296 isolates collected, 46.7% were Escherichia coli, 18.4% were Klebsiella spp., 5.9% were Acinetobacter spp., 7.1% were Pseudomonas spp., 11.7% were Staphylococcus aureus, and 10.3% were Enterococcus spp. Colistin and imipenem had greatest activity against gram-negative bacteria. Acinetobacter spp. showed the greatest resistance profile to antimicrobials tested, relative to other gram-negative bacteria. Vancomycin retained excellent activity against S. aureus and Enterococcus species (average susceptibility was 100% and 99.4%, respectively). Trend analysis determined that resistance to imipenem increased significantly among Klebsiella, E. coli, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter isolates; there was also rising resistance to colistin among E. coli and Pseudomonas species. Only E. coli demonstrated increased resistance to gentamicin. For gram-positive pathogens, vancomycin susceptibility increased over time for Enterococcus species, but was unchanged for S. aureus. Our data suggest that resistance to imipenem and colistin are rising among gram-negative bacteria in Rwanda. Proper infection control practices and antimicrobial stewardship will be important to address this emerging threat.
Pain and Tissue Damage in Response to Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Are They Correlated?
Authors: Cuoghi Osmar A , Topolski Francielle , de Faria Lorraine P , de Mendonça Marcos R 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Aim
To evaluate the correlation between pain and tissue damage in response to orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), such as hyalinization and external apical root resorption (EARR).

Materials and methods
The literature review was used as a methodological strategy, following the knowledge development process – constructivist (ProKnow-C). Study axes were defined and keywords that best represented each axis were selected. The terms were submitted to an adherence test and validation, resulting in 12 keyword combinations. Searches were carried out in the most representative databases for the selected terms, without restriction as for language or publication dates. Retrieved studies were filtered using the EndNote X6 program and classified according to analysis of title, abstract, and keywords. The final portfolio of articles was submitted to bibliometric and systematic analysis.

Results
A total of 1,091 studies were retrieved, out of which 719 were repeated and 335 were removed in the classification stage. A total of 37 articles remained in the final portfolio. Only one article was in line with the purpose of this study, indicating absence of correlation between pain and EARR in response to OTM.

Conclusion
Further studies are necessary to confirm whether orthodontic pain might serve as a criterion for the use of appropriate mechanical forces, contributing to minimize tissue damage following OTM.

Clinical significance
This article presents a systematic literature review, in which scientific evidence of the correlation between pain and tissue damage during orthodontic movement was studied, providing a scientific answer for the following question: Is pain reported by patients associated with application of inappropriate orthodontic force? Thus, it aims at aiding the orthodontist in the definition of clinical parameters for the use of optimal orthodontic force.

How to cite this article
Cuoghi OA, Topolski F, de Faria LP, de Mendonça MR. Pain and Tissue Damage in Response to Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Are They Correlated? J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(9):713-720.