bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperoxia and Hypocapnia During Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Associations With Complications, Mortality, and Functional Status Among Survivors*
Authors: Cashen Katherine , Reeder Ron , Dalton Heidi J. , Berg Robert A. , Shanley Thomas P. , Newth Christopher J. L. , Pollack Murray M. , Wessel David , Carcillo Joseph , Harrison Rick , Dean J. Michael , Tamburro Robert , Meert Kathleen L. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives:
To determine the frequency of hyperoxia and hypocapnia during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and their relationships to complications, mortality, and functional status among survivors.

Design:
Secondary analysis of data collected prospectively by the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network.

Setting:
Eight Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network–affiliated hospitals.

Patients:
Age less than 19 years and treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Interventions:
Hyperoxia was defined as highest Pao
2 greater than 200 Torr (27 kPa) and hypocapnia as lowest Paco
2 less than 30 Torr (3.9 kPa) during the first 48 hours of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Functional status at hospital discharge was evaluated among survivors using the Functional Status Scale.

Measurements and Main Results:
Of 484 patients, 420 (86.7%) had venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and 64 (13.2%) venovenous; 69 (14.2%) had extracorporeal membrane oxygenation initiated during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Hyperoxia occurred in 331 (68.4%) and hypocapnia in 98 (20.2%). Hyperoxic patients had higher mortality than patients without hyperoxia (167 [50.5%] vs 48 [31.4%]; p < 0.001), but no difference in functional status among survivors. Hypocapnic patients were more likely to have a neurologic event (49 [50.0%] vs 143 (37.0%]; p = 0.021) or hepatic dysfunction (49 [50.0%] vs 121 [31.3%]; p < 0.001) than patients without hypocapnia, but no difference in mortality or functional status among survivors. On multivariable analysis, factors independently associated with increased mortality included highest Pao
2 and highest blood lactate concentration in the first 48 hours of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and being a preterm neonate. Factors independently associated with lower mortality included meconium aspiration syndrome.

Conclusions:
Hyperoxia is common during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and associated with mortality. Hypocapnia appears to occur less often and although associated with complications, an association with mortality was not observed.
Insect wings and body wall evolved from ancient leg segments
Authors: Bruce Heather S. , Patel Nipam H. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe origin of insect wings has long been debated. Central to this debate is whether wings evolved from an epipod (outgrowth, e.g., a gill) on ancestral crustacean leg segments, or represent a novel outgrowth from the dorsal body wall that co-opted some of the genes used to pattern the epipods. To determine whether wings can be traced to ancestral, pre-insect structures, or arose by co-option, comparisons are necessary between insects and arthropods more representative of the ancestral state, where the hypothesized proximal leg region is not fused to the body wall. To do so, we examined the function of five leg patterning genes in the crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis and compared this to previous functional data from insects. By comparing gene knockout phenotypes of leg patterning genes in a crustacean with those of insects, we show that two ancestral crustacean leg segments were incorporated into the insect body, moving the leg’s epipod dorsally, up onto the back to form insect wings. Thus, our data shows that much of the body wall of insects, including the entire wing, is derived from these two ancestral proximal leg segments. This model explains all observations in favor of either the body wall origin or proximal leg origin of insect wings. Thus, our results show that insect wings are not novel structures, but instead evolved from existing, ancestral structures.One Sentence SummaryCRISPR-Cas9 knockout of leg gap genes in a crustacean reveals that insect wings are not novel structures, they evolved from crustacean leg segments
PacBio library preparation using blunt-end adapter ligation produces significant artefactual fusion DNA sequences
Authors: Griffith Paul , Raley Castle , Sun David , Zhao Yongmei , Sun Zhonghe , Mehta Monika , Tran Bao , Wu Xiaolin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPacific Biosciences’ (PacBio) RS II sequencer, utilizing Single-Molecule, Real-Time (SMRT) technology, has revolutionized next-generation sequencing by providing an accurate long-read platform. PacBio single-molecule long reads have been used to delineate complex spliceoforms, detect mutations in highly homologous sequences, identify mRNA chimeras and chromosomal translocations, accurately haplotype phasing over multiple kilobase distances and aid in assembly of genomes with complex structural variation. The PacBio protocol for preparation of sequencing templates employs blunt-end hairpin adapter ligation, which enables a short turnaround time for sequence production. However, we have found a significant portion of sequencing yield contains chimeric reads resulting from blunt-end ligation of multiple template molecules to each other prior to adapter ligation. These artefactual fusion DNA sequences pose a major challenge to analysis and can lead to false-positive detection of fusion events. We assessed the frequency of artefactual fusion when using blunt-end adapter ligation and compared it to an alternative method using A/T overhang adapter ligation. The A/T overhang adapter ligation method showed a vast improvement in limiting artefactual fusion events and is now our recommended procedure for adapter ligation during PacBio library preparation.
Minimizing activation of overlying axons with epiretinal stimulation: The role of fiber orientation and electrode configuration
Authors: Esler Timothy , Kerr Robert R. , Tahayori Bahman , Grayden David B. , Meffin Hamish , Burkitt Anthony N. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTObjective. Currently, a challenge in electrical stimulation of the retina is to excite only the cells lying directly under the electrode in the ganglion cell layer, while avoiding excitation of the axons that pass over the surface of the retina in the nerve fiber layer. Since these passing fibers may originate from distant regions of the ganglion cell layer. Stimulation of both target retinal ganglion cells and overlying axons results in irregular visual percepts, significantly limiting perceptual efficacy. This research explores how differences in fiber orientation between the nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer leads to differences in the activation of the axon initial segment and axons of passage. Approach. Axons of passage of retinal ganglion cells in the nerve fiber layer are characterized by a narrow distribution of fiber orientations, causing highly anisotropic spread of applied current. In contrast, proximal axons in the ganglion cell layer have a wider distribution of orientations. A four-layer computational model of epiretinal extracellular stimulation that captures the effect of neurite orientation in anisotropic tissue has been developed using a modified version of the standard volume conductor model, known as the cellular composite model. Simulations are conducted to investigate the interaction of neural tissue orientation, stimulating electrode configuration, and stimulation pulse duration and amplitude. Main results. The dependence of fiber activation on the anisotropic nature of the nerve fiber layer is first established. Via a comprehensive search of key parameters, our model shows that the simultaneous stimulation with multiple electrodes aligned with the nerve fiber layer can be used to achieve selective activation of axon initial segments rather than passing fibers. This result can be achieved with only a slight increase in total stimulus current and modest increases in the spread of activation in the ganglion cell layer, and is shown to extend to the general case of arbitrary electrode array positioning and arbitrary target neural volume. Significance. These results elucidate a strategy for more targeted stimulation of retinal ganglion cells with experimentally-relevant multi-electrode geometries and readily achievable stimulation requirements.
A mixed quantum chemistry/machine learning approach for the fast and accurate prediction of biochemical redox potentials and its large-scale application to 315,000 redox reactions
Authors: Jinich Adrian , Sanchez-Lengeling Benjamin , Ren Haniu , Harman Rebecca , Aspuru-Guzik Alán 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA quantitative understanding of the thermodynamics of biochemical reactions is essential for accurately modeling metabolism. The group contribution method (GCM) is one of the most widely used approaches to estimating standard Gibbs energies and redox potentials of reactions for which no experimental measurements exist. Previous work has shown that quantum chemical predictions of biochemical thermodynamics are a promising approach to overcome the limitations of GCM. However, the quantum chemistry approach is significantly more expensive. Here we use a combination of quantum chemistry and machine learning to obtain a fast and accurate method for predicting the thermodynamics of biochemical redox reactions. We focus on predicting the redox potentials of carbonyl functional group reductions to alcohols and amines, two of the most ubiquitous carbon redox transformations in biology. Our method relies on semi-empirical quantum chemistry calculations calibrated with Gaussian Process (GP) regression against available experimental data. Our approach results in higher predictive power than the GCM at a low computational cost. We design and implement a network expansion algorithm that iteratively reduces and oxidizes a set of natural seed metabolites, and demonstrate the high-throughput applicability of our method by predicting the standard potentials of more than 315,000 redox reactions involving approximately 70,000 compounds. Additionally, we developed a novel fingerprint-based framework for detecting molecular environment motifs that are enriched or depleted across different regions of the redox potential landscape. We provide open access to all source code and data generated.
Quantum chemistry reveals the thermodynamic principles of redox biochemistry
Authors: Jinich Adrian , Flamholz Avi , Ren Haniu , Kim Sung-Jin , Sanchez-Lengeling Benjamin , Cotton Charles A. R. , Noor Elad , Aspuru-Guzik Alán , Bar-Even Arren 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThermodynamics dictates the structure and function of metabolism. Redox reactions drive cellular energy and material flow. Hence, accurately quantifying the thermodynamics of redox reactions should reveal key design principles that shape cellular metabolism. However, only a limited number of redox potentials have been measured experimentally, and mostly with inconsistent, poorly-reported experimental setups. Here, we develop a quantum chemistry approach for the calculation of redox potentials of biochemical reactions. We demonstrate that our method predicts experimentally measured potentials with unparalleled accuracy. We calculate the reduction potentials of all redox pairs that can be generated from biochemically relevant compounds and highlight fundamental thermodynamic trends that define cellular redox biochemistry. We further use the calculated potentials to address the question of why NAD/NADP are used as the primary cellular electron carriers, demonstrating how their physiological redox range specifically fits the reactions of central metabolism and minimizes the concentration of reactive carbonyls. The use of quantum chemistry tools, as demonstrated in this study, can revolutionize our understanding of key biochemical phenomena by enabling fast and accurate calculation of large datasets of thermodynamic values.
Exploring the role of cellular homologous of the 30K-superfamily of plant virus movement proteins
Authors: Carrasco José L. , Sánchez-Navarro Jesús A. , Elena Santiago F. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTGenes orthologous to the 30K-superfamily of movement proteins (MP) from plant viruses have been recently discovered by bioinformatics analyses as integrated elements in the genome of most vascular plants. However, their functional relevance for plants is still unclear. Here, we undertake some preliminary steps into the functional characterization of one of these putative MP genes found in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that the AtMP gene is expressed at different stages of the plant development, with accumulation being highest in flowers but lowest in mature siliques. We also found down-regulation of the gene may result in a small delay in plant development and in an exacerbation of the negative effect of salinity in germination efficiency. We have also explored whether changes in expression of the endogenous AtMP have any effect on susceptibility to infection with several viruses, and found that the infectivity of tobacco rattle tobravirus was strongly dependent on the expression of the endogenous AtMP. Finally, we have cloned the endogenous MP from four different plant species into an expression vector that allows for specifically assessing their activity as cell-to-cell movement proteins and have shown that though some may still retain the ancestral activity, they do so in a quite inefficient manner, thus suggesting they have acquired a novel function during adaptation to the host genome.
Does foreign direct investment enhance or inhibit regional innovation efficiency?
Authors: Li Zheng , Li Jun , He Bin 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow impacts on regional innovation efficiency in China and whether the impacts of FDI are contingent on regional conditions that may maximize the effect of FDI on regional innovation efficiency.Design/methodology/approachUsing panel data of 30 provinces from 2000 to 2010, the authors first used data envelopment analysis to measure regional innovation efficiency, followed by a spatial panel model to test research hypotheses concerning the effect of FDI on regional innovation efficiency and the direct and moderating effects of regional characteristics such as regional innovation environment, regional absorptive capacity and regional complementary assets.FindingsThe paper finds that there are considerable inter-regional and intra-regional variations in innovation efficiency in China and that regional variations in innovation efficiency in China can first be explained by the differences in inflow FDI and then be accounted for by the direct and moderating effect of regional innovation environment, absorptive capacity and complementary assets.Research limitations/implicationsThe research findings have three policy implications. First, governments should continue their efforts to increase the transparency and predictability of the framework for inward FDI and align FDI with the region’s strategic priorities of development to improve innovation efficiency. Second, governments should develop holistic and coherent policies that address the key aspects of regional conditions conducive to the inflow of FDI. Third, governments at the regional level should cultivate an open innovation environment and support the development of financial markets to maximize the positive effect of FDI technology spillover and externalities.Originality valueThis paper fills a gap in research on the spatial heterogeneity characteristics of spillover effects of FDI on regional innovation efficiency.
“Lost births,” service delivery, and human resources to health
Authors: Cardinal Melissa Cora 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to advocate for improved service delivery of maternal-newborn care in northern Indigenous communities. This is done through critical examination of the loss of pregnancy and birthing knowledge and practice in these communities, from both a historical and contemporary lens. Supporting the return of traditional midwifery practices to the communities is the recommended solution.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is a general review of the available literature regarding Indigenous birthing practices, historical and contemporary Canadian maternal health service provision, and midwifery.

Findings
Current maternal health care practice in these northern communities is not resolving service delivery and human resource inadequacies, highlighting the need for a community-based and midwifery-driven primary health care approach. Potential recommendations include implementing a comprehensive birthing initiative, innovative midwifery training, and promotion and support of the role of the community midwife.

Originality/value
“Lost births” is a largely unrecognized issue in Canadian public health literature. The value of this paper lies in its potential to stimulate discourse and advocacy.
Examining the perceived impact of financial investment in AEO certification on performance through trade facilitation and public and private partnership
Authors: Park Hong Gyue , Park YoungJae 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of financial investment (FI) in Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) certification on performance of Korean logistics companies through public and private partnership (PPP) and trade facilitation (TF).Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaire survey was conducted to collect the data for this study, out of which 285 were adopted for the analysis using structural equation modeling for quantitative analysis. Also, it is based on professionals in Korean logistics companies that are AEO certified only.FindingsFI on AEO certification had positive impacts on performance via PPP, while TF variable had no significant impact on the overall performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focuses on the FI in AEO certification and its impact on performance in Korea. There should be more quantitative and confirmatory research on other countries with AEO certification to validate the findings of this study. It may be possible to generate contrary findings in different economies or countries.Practical implicationsThese findings imply that public managers should focus more on TF aspects of the program with the Mutual Recognition Agreement with major trading partners and growing economies around the world in order to make the AEO program more popular and global with supply chain members overseas.Originality/valueThis study has offered original discovery and practical, academic implications for AEO program in terms of testing and suggesting factors provided by previous studies as a confirmatory and quantitative research.
An innovation diffusion perspective of e-consumers’ initial adoption of self-collection service via automated parcel station
Authors: Wang Xueqin , Yuen Kum Fai , Wong Yiik Diew , Teo Chee Chong 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
As an application of self-service technology, automated parcel station (APS) is emerging as a logistics innovation to address the inefficiency and delivery failure in conventional home delivery. However, the long-term viability of APS depends on the consumers’ acceptance of such concept. In response, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a behavioural study on consumers’ adoption of self-collection service via APS.

Design/methodology/approach
By synthesising theoretical insights from the innovation diffusion literature and attitude theories, a conceptual model is developed and empirically validated. Perceived characteristics of APS are present to directly influence the consumers’ adoption intention, or indirectly through attitude. A total of 170 valid responses are collected from a survey conducted in Singapore and the data are analysed using structural equation modelling.

Findings
Consumers’ favourable attitude and perceived relative advantage of APS directly lead to stronger adoption intention. On the contrary, consumers’ perceptions on compatibility and trialability and on complexity indirectly influence their adoption intention via attitude, in a positive and in a negative way, respectively. Additionally, attitude is found to be the most influential factor contributing to consumers’ adoption intention.

Research limitations/implications
The scope of this paper is limited to e-consumers’ initial adoption decision. Future research should examine the consumers’ adoption behaviour further down the innovation adoption process, such as continuance and commitment.

Originality/value
This research conceptualises and validates the consumers’ adoption behaviour of APS from a synthesised view of innovation diffusion and attitude theories, theoretically and empirically contributing to the field of study on logistics innovations from the consumers’ perspective.
A review of supply chain risk management: definition, theory, and research agenda
Authors: Fan Yiyi , Stevenson Mark 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the extant literature on supply chain risk management (SCRM, including risk identification, assessment, treatment, and monitoring), developing a comprehensive definition and conceptual framework; to evaluate prior theory use; and to identify future research directions.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review of 354 articles (published 2000-2016) based on descriptive, thematic, and content analysis.FindingsThere has been a considerable focus on identifying risk types and proposing risk mitigation strategies. Research has emphasised organisational responses to supply chain risks and made only limited use of theory. Ten key future research directions are identified.Research limitations/implicationsA broad, contemporary understanding of SCRM is provided; and a new, comprehensive definition is presented covering the process, pathway, and objectives of SCRM, leading to a conceptual framework. The research agenda guides future work towards maturation of the discipline.Practical implicationsManagers are encouraged to adopt a holistic approach to SCRM. Guidance is provided on how to select appropriate risk treatment actions according to the probability and impact of a risk.Originality/valueThe first review to consider theory use in SCRM research and to use four SCRM stages to structure the review.