bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Architectural diversity and galling insects on Caryocar brasiliense trees
Authors: Leite Germano Leão Demolin , Veloso Ronnie Von dos Santos , Zanuncio José Cola , Azevedo Alcinei Mistico , Silva Júlia Letícia , Wilcken Carlos Frederico , Soares Marcus Alvarenga 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGalling insects are a highly sophisticated herbivore group on Caryocar brasiliense, a tree that represents the main income source for many communities. The effect of architectural diversity of C. brasiliense trees on galling insect community diversity and abundance was studied. The abundance of adult insects and galled leaves were seven and 1.6 times higher in trees with a greater height/width of canopy (RHW) ratio, respectively. Gall parasitoid richness was 1.8 times greater on trees with higher RHW. Zelus armillatus (Lepeletier & Serville) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and ant numbers were 5.8 and 2.7 higher on trees with the largest and smallest RHW, respectively. More complex plant architectures favored species diversity for galling insects and their natural enemies. The competition among four galling insect species for space and feeding and the evidence of “prudence strategy” were, for the first time, observed for galling insects in the Brazilian Cerrado biome.
Gathering dust: A galaxy-wide study of dust emission from cloud complexes in NGC 300
Authors: Riener M. , Faesi C. M. , Forbrich J. , Lada C. J. 
Published: November 2017

Aims. We use multi-band observations by the Herschel Space Observatory to study the dust emission properties of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 300. We compile a first catalogue of the population of giant dust clouds (GDCs) in NGC 300, including temperature and mass estimates, and give an estimate of the total dust mass of the galaxy.
Methods. We carried out source detection with the multiwavelength source extraction algorithm getsources. We calculated physical properties, including mass and temperature, of the GDCs from five-band Herschel PACS and SPIRE observations from 100 to 500 μm; the final size and mass estimates are based on the observations at 250 μm that have an effective spatial resolution of ~170 pc. We correlated our final catalogue of GDCs to pre-existing catalogues of HII regions to infer the number of GDCs associated with high-mass star formation and determined the Hα emission of the GDCs.
Results. Our final catalogue of GDCs includes 146 sources, 90 of which are associated with known HII regions. We find that the dust masses of the GDCs are completely dominated by the cold dust component and range from ~1.1 × 103 to 1.4 × 104 M⊙. The GDCs have effective temperatures of ~13–23 K and show a distinct cold dust effective temperature gradient from the centre towards the outer parts of the stellar disk. We find that the population of GDCs in our catalogue constitutes ~16% of the total dust mass of NGC 300, which we estimate to be about 5.4 × 106 M⊙. At least about 87% of our GDCs have a high enough average dust mass surface density to provide sufficient shielding to harbour molecular clouds. We compare our results to previous pointed molecular gas observations in NGC 300 and results from other nearby galaxies and also conclude that it is very likely that most of our GDCs are associated with complexes of giant molecular clouds.
Free Peroneal Artery Perforator-Based Flap for Soft Tissue Reconstruction of the Finger
Authors: Kawamura Kenji , Yajima Hiroshi , Omokawa Shohei , Shimizu Takamasa , Hayashi Satoshi , Maegawa Naoki , Nakanishi Yasuaki , Kira Tsutomu , Onishi Tadanobu , Hayami Naoki , Hasegawa Hideo , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: November 2017

Background The peroneal artery perforator-based flap has been widely used as a pedicled propeller flap for soft tissue reconstruction in the lower extremity; however, its application as a free flap has been rarely reported. We report on the utility of the free peroneal artery perforator-based flap for finger soft tissue reconstruction.
Methods Twelve patients underwent reconstructions of soft tissue defects of the finger with free peroneal artery perforator-based flaps. The soft tissue defects were located either dorsally and/or laterally on the fingers. The size of the flaps ranged from 5 × 2 to 8 × 3 cm. The length of the vascular pedicles ranged from 4 to 5 cm. The artery and vein of the perforator vessels were anastomosed in the finger to the digital artery and subcutaneous vein, respectively.
Results All twelve flaps survived completely, and the donor site in the lower leg was closed primarily in all cases. Secondary defatting was performed in six cases, while in the remaining cases, thinning of the flap was performed when the flap was transferred.
Conclusion The advantages of the free peroneal artery perforator-based flap for finger soft tissue reconstruction include the following: the flap is flexible and can be thinned to match the texture of the finger; elevation of the flap is easy; the donor site can be closed primarily; there is no need to sacrifice any main arteries in the lower leg; and the diameter of the perforator vessels is suitable for anastomosis to the digital artery and subcutaneous vein in the finger.
Bacteremia, without Endocarditis, due to Streptococcus gallolyticus Subspecies gallolyticus in an Infant with Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Rizzo Viviana , Di Caprio Giovanni , Carannante Novella , Rescigno Carolina , Rossi Marco , Bernardo Mariano , Cuccurullo Susanna , Tascini Carlo 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (SGSG) is a rare cause of bacteremia in infants. We are reporting a case of bacteremia without endocarditis in a patient affected by tetralogy of Fallot. In the suspect of cerebral involvement, a brain image study might be useful to rule out brain abscesses or embolism. When antibiotic treatment is promptly started, prognosis is good, even with only 2 weeks of effective antibiotic therapy.
Stellenwert der Navigation
Authors: Jarvers Jan-Sven , Spiegl Ulrich , Glasmacher Stefan , Heyde Christoph , Josten Christoph 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Importance of Navigation Navigation and intraoperative imaging have undergone an enormous development in recent years. By using intraoperative navigation, the precision of pedicle screw implantation can be increased in the sense of patient safety. Especially in the case of complex defects or tumor diseases, navigation is a decisive aid. As a result of the constantly improved technology, the requirements for reduced radiation exposure and intraoperative control can also be met. The high costs of the devices can be amortized, for example by a reduced number of revisions. This overview presents the principles of navigation in spinal surgery and the advantages and disadvantages of the different navigation procedures.
Behandlungsalgorithmus von Wundinfektionen an der Wirbelsäule mit ersten Ergebnissen einer retrospektiven Studie zur Behandlung von postoperativen Wundinfektionen mit Vakuumsystemen
Authors: Rickert M. , Fleege C. , Rauschmann M. 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungDie postoperative Wundinfektion ist eine der häufigsten Komplikationen in der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie. Sie verlängert den Leidensweg des Patienten und stellt oftmals eine große Herausforderung an das gesamte Behandlungsteam dar. Zahlreiche Risikofaktoren sind in der Literatur bereits beschrieben, die es präoperativ zu optimieren gilt, um Infektionen zu vermeiden. Bezüglich der Therapie von Wundinfektionen gibt es bei mangelnder Studienlage keine einheitlichen Richtlinien. Oftmals sind mehrere Revisionen erforderlich, bis eine Wundinfektion zur Ausheilung kommt. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird ein interner Algorithmus zur Behandlung postoperativer Wundinfektionen vorgestellt. Unter Zuhilfenahme der VAC-Therapie bei tiefen Wundinfektionen zeigt sich eine erfolgreiche Infektsanierung vor allem auch im Hinblick auf den Implantaterhalt. Zukünftige Studien können helfen die Therapie der Wundinfektionen weiter zu optimieren, die Anzahl der Revisionen zu senken und allgemeingültige Standards zu entwickeln.
Therapiemonitoring beim metastasierten kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinom
Authors: Hinz Stefan 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungFür die Behandlung des metastasierten kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinoms (mCRPC) stehen aktuell als Therapieoptionen Abirateronacetat, Enzalutamid, Docetaxel, Cabazitaxel und Radium-223 zur Verfügung, wobei die optimale Abfolge in der Therapiesequenz noch unklar ist. Es existieren auch noch keine verlässlichen prädiktiven Biomarker zur Vorhersage des Therapieansprechens und damit zur besseren Patientenselektion. Für das Gesamtüberleben ist entscheidend, dass jeder Patient möglichst alle verfügbaren Therapieoptionen erhält. Dies setzt ein frühzeitiges Erkennen einer Progression als Indikation für einen Therapiewechsel voraus. In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Durchführung eines strukturierten Therapiemonitorings im klinischen Alltag wichtig.
Diagnostik und Therapie akuter Erkrankungen der thorakalen Aorta
Authors: Schotten Sebastian , Pitton Michael 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungAkute Erkrankungen der thorakalen Aorta sind zwar eher selten, aber lebensbedrohlich. Sie erfordern daher eine rasche Diagnostik und Therapie. Diagnostisch spielt dabei die CT-Angiografie die zentrale Rolle, therapeutisch stehen der offene Ersatz bei der Aorta ascendens und die endovaskulären Therapieverfahren bei der Aorta descendens an erster Stelle.
Wissenschaftsnetzwerke in Public Health: Voraussetzungen wirksamer Nachhaltigkeit aus soziologischer Perspektive
Authors: Pfaff Holger , Ohlmeier Silke 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungIm Whitepaper Public Health wird die Vision entworfen, dass Public Health als lebendiges, dezentrales Netzwerk dazu beitragen kann, den Gesundheitszustand der Bevölkerung nachhaltig zu verbessern. Doch offen bleibt die zentrale Frage, welche Voraussetzungen Public-Health-Netzwerke erfüllen sollten, um nachhaltig wirksam zu sein. Anliegen dieses Beitrags ist es, zur Beantwortung dieser Frage aus soziologischer Sicht Denk- und Diskussionsanstöße zu geben. Entlang der strukturfunktionalen Theorie von Parsons wird die These aufgestellt, dass Wissenschaftsnetzwerke in Public Health zur Sicherung ihrer Nachhaltigkeit und Wirksamkeit Strukturen benötigen, die gewährleisten, dass die 4 Grundfunktionen handlungsfähiger sozialer Netzwerke – (1) Anpassung, (2) Zielverwirklichung, (3) Integration und (4) Strukturmustererhaltung – erfüllt werden. Auf dieser theoretischen Basis werden Vorschläge zur Etablierung funktionaler formaler Strukturen in den Public-Health-Netzwerken formuliert.
Demografischer und sozialer Wandel
Authors: Geisel Bertram , Lampert Thomas , Wurm Susanne , Thyen Ute 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungDer demografische und soziale Wandel erfolgt aufgrund einer Veränderung der Altersstruktur und des Erwerbslebens insbesondere von Frauen, zunehmender kultureller Diversität, ungleichen Bildungschancen von Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie regionaler Variation in den Versorgungsangeboten. Die Bewältigung der Aufgaben erfordert flexible, responsive und integrierte Versorgungs- und Gesundheitssysteme, die an jeder Stelle eine Beteiligung der Betroffenen und die Wahrnehmung ihrer Perspektiven ermöglichen. Ein bedarfsgerechtes Monitoring und Wissensmanagement leiten qualitätsgesichertes und evidenzbasiertes Wissen in alle Politikbereiche und in weitere gesellschaftlich relevante Sektoren weiter („Health in All Policies“).
Governance – Staatliches Handeln: Stärkung von Public Health durch mehr öffentliche Verantwortung für Gesundheit
Authors: Altgeld Thomas 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungIn Deutschland besteht erheblicher Handlungsbedarf für eine systematische Stärkung von Public Health durch mehr öffentliche Verantwortung für Gesundheit. Ein Good Governance Ansatz für Gesundheit wurde bislang nicht entwickelt. Wesentliche Handlungsfelder wären die Etablierung eines Health Impact Assessments für Gesetzesvorhaben, der Ausbau des Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes sowie ein neuer Stellenwert von Verhältnisprävention. Notwendig ist zudem eine Orientierung des staatlichen Handelns an der gesundheitlichen Daseinsvorsorge und damit verbunden die Stärkung der kommunalen Ebene als relevanter Entscheidungsstruktur für Gesundheit.
Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from the whole farm.
Authors: Wagner-Riddle C. , VanderZaag A. , Jaysundara S. , Congreves K. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Greenhouse gases (GHG: carbon dioxide, CO
2
; methane, CH
4
; and nitrous oxide, N
2
O) are produced as part of the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycle on farms. Livestock production, N fertilizer use and rice cultivation are the main farm activities producing CH
4
and N
2
O, while CO
2
emissions are due to land use change. Farming in Asia, Africa and South America contribute 75% of global GHG emissions. Consideration of emission scaled by unit of product such as milk, meat, or grain (GHG intensity) is important when assessing mitigation practices, which should target: reduction in CH
4
emission from enteric fermentation and from manure storage; reduction in N
2
O emissions from soils and CH
4
emissions from rice paddies; increase in C uptake and storage on farms. Improved production efficiency of ruminant livestock on farms results in decreased GHG intensity because more production and lower manure volumes are obtained from fewer animals. Direct interventions can also be made to reduce enteric CH
4
emissions, such as feeding additives or compounds interfering with microbial processed that result in CH
4
production. Reducing CH
4
emissions by changing the form of manure stored from liquid to solid; preventing methanogenesis; and capturing the CH
4
through covers and flaring or anaerobic digestion; are recommended. Increasing organic matter input to soils or reducing decomposition rates by various practices partly can offset farm level GHG emissions. Management of N fertilizer, and alternative wetting cycles in rice paddy cultivation can reduce N
2
O and CH
4
emissions from soils, respectively. Management packages that consider regional needs, synergies and trade-offs for whole-farm GHG emission reduction need to be developed.
Determination of the predictive clinical parameters to diagnose chronic exertional compartment syndrome
Authors: Fouasson‐Chailloux Alban , Menu Pierre , Allorent Jérémie , Dauty Marc 
Published: November 2017

AbstractChronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is characterized by pain occurring during physical activity. As clinical examination is not sufficient to diagnose it, intracompartmental pressure (ICP) measure is used for CECS confirmation. Numerous clinical signs are reported but their diagnosis predictive ability has never been studied. We aimed to determine if the 12 classically reported clinical signs are predictive of CECS. We performed a single‐centre retrospective cohort study on patients referred for CECS suspicion. Patients were asked to run on a treadmill. When pain occurred, post‐exercise ICP was performed. We diagnosed CECS if the ICP was ≥30 mmHg and used a logistic regression to calculate the predictive value of clinical signs. One hundred twenty‐five patients were evaluated. Ninety‐six had CECS and 29 did not, according to the ICP 30 mmHg cut‐off. Anterior and lateral compartments were the most frequently affected. After exercise, mean ICP was 58.6 mmHg ± 20.5 in the group with CECS versus 20.9 mmHg ± 4 in the group without (p < .001). Muscle hardness, muscle hernia after exercise, absence of pain at rest and pain recidivism for the same exercise were predictive of CECS. The predictive model associated muscle hardness (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.18; p < .001) and muscle hernia after exercise (OR = 1.44; p < .001). This model identified 88.6% of CECS subjects. The ROC curve area was 0.808 [95% CI: 0.71–0.90]. This study confirmed the importance of clinical parameters to diagnose CECS. A better knowledge of the relevant parameters could help physicians to indicate invasive examinations.
Combination Therapy With Neuraminidase and Polymerase Inhibitors in Nude Mice Infected With Influenza Virus
Authors: Kiso Maki , Lopes Tiago J S , Yamayoshi Seiya , Ito Mutsumi , Yamashita Makoto , Nakajima Noriko , Hasegawa Hideki , Neumann Gabriele , Kawaoka Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of immunocompromised, influenza virus–infected patients with the viral neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir often leads to the emergence of drug-resistant variants. Combination therapy with compounds that target different steps in the viral life cycle may improve treatment outcomes and reduce the emergence of drug-resistant variants.MethodsHere, we infected immunocompromised nude mice with an influenza A virus and treated them with neuraminidase (oseltamivir, laninamivir) or viral polymerase (favipiravir) inhibitors, or combinations thereof.ResultsCombination therapy for 28 days increased survival times compared with monotherapy, but the animals died after treatment was terminated. Mono- and combination therapies did not consistently reduce lung virus titers. Prolonged viral replication led to the emergence of neuraminidase inhibitor–resistant variants, although viruses remained sensitive to favipiravir. Overall, favipiravir provided greater benefit than neuraminidase inhibitors.ConclusionsCollectively, our data demonstrate that combination therapy in immunocompromised hosts increases survival times, but does not suppress the emergence of neuraminidase inhibitor–resistant variants.
Extensively re-organized systemic lymph nodes provide a feasible environment for self-reactivity in lupus-prone NZB × NZW F1 mice
Authors: Kurosawa Yoichi , Ozawa Madoka , Kanda Yasuhiro , Takeuchi Arata , Kawamura Toshihiko , Narita Ichiei , Katakai Tomoya 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLymphadenopathy is a frequently observed symptom in systemic lupus erythematosus, although the immunological role of lymph nodes (LNs) in systemic autoimmunity remains largely unknown. Here, we performed comprehensive and systematic analyses of LNs in lupus-prone NZB × NZW F1 (BWF1) mice, demonstrating extensive tissue re-organization of the systemic LNs with follicular expansion, hyper germinal center (GC) formation, atrophy of the paracortical T-cell area and expansion of the medulla in aged BWF1 mice bearing glomerulonephritis. The proportion of B cells was significantly increased in these reactive LNs but not in the spleen, and lymphocyte subsets involved in antibody production, i.e. GC B cells, follicular helper T cells and plasma cells, were elevated. Draining LNs of the affected organs, such as the renal and cervical nodes, showed enhanced tissue re-organization and accumulation of effector lymphocytes, suggesting the presence of a positive feedback loop of regional responses. LN cells isolated from disease-bearing animals produced anti-DNA antibody, indicating activation of autoreactive lymphocytes in situ. The substantial development of disease and LN alterations in mice that received a splenectomy at a young age points to the importance of other secondary lymphoid organs, most likely LNs, for the progression of autoimmune responses independent of the spleen. Taken together, our findings highlight the value of taking LN alterations and activities into consideration for understanding the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmunity.
Single-cell quantitative analysis of skeletal muscle cell population dynamics during regeneration and ageing
Authors: Petrilli Lucia Lisa , Spada Filomena , Fuoco Claudia , Micarelli Elisa , Reggio Alessio , Rosina Marco , Gargioli Cesare , Castagnoli Luisa , Cesareni Gianni 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe skeletal muscle is populated by a variety of different mononuclear cell types that actively contribute to tissue homeostasis. When the tissue is stressed by exercise or by an acute or chronic insult, the different cell types are activated, exchange signals and initiate a finely-orchestrated regeneration process to prevent the loss of muscle mass. This cell variety is exacerbated by an additional intra population heterogeneity, where the cell population boundaries often lose their significance. Here, we applied a high-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry analysis to solve the cellular and molecular complexity of the muscle tissue in different physiological and pathological conditions. Taken together, our results provide a comprehensive picture both of muscle cell population homeostasis during ageing and of the changes induced by a perturbation of the system, be it chronic (dystrophy) or acute (cardiotoxin).
Shopping list development and use of advertisements’ pre-store food-buying practices within different socio-economic status areas in South Africa
Authors: Duffett Rodney Graeme , Foster Crystal 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine whether there is a difference in the development of shopping lists and use of advertisements as pre-store food-buying practices in terms of planned shopping by South African consumers who dwell in different socio-economic status (SES) areas. The paper also considers the influence of shopper and socio-demographic characteristics on pre-store food-buying practices in a developing country.

Design/methodology/approach
A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey 1 200 consumers in retail stores in low, middle and high SES areas in South Africa. A generalised linear model was employed for the statistical analysis of pre-store food-buying practices within the SES area groups in a developing country.

Findings
South African consumers that reside in high SES area displayed the largest of shopping list development, while consumers who dwell in low SES areas showed the highest incidence of advertisement usage. Several shopper and socio-demographic characteristics were also found to have an influence on pre-store food-buying practices in different SES areas in South Africa.

Research limitations/implications
A qualitative approach would offer a deeper understanding of consumers’ pre-store food shopping predispositions as opposed to the quantitative approach, which was adopted for this study. A longitudinal design would also provide a more extensive representation of pre-store food shopping practices over a longer time frame than cross-sectional research. The survey was conducted on Saturdays, whereas consumers who shop during the week may have different shopping and socio-demographic characteristics.

Practical implications
Astute food brands, marketers and grocery stores could use the findings of this study to assist with their marketing efforts that they direct at consumers in different SES areas in South Africa and other developing countries.

Social implications
The findings of this study may assist consumers in developing countries, especially those who reside in low SES areas, with food-buying strategies to reduce food costs, make wiser purchase decisions and reduce shopping.

Originality/value
No study (to the best of the researchers’ knowledge) has considered shopping list development and use of advertisements’ pre-store food-buying practices in different SES areas in a developing country. Furthermore, there is a dearth of research analysing shopper and socio-demographic characteristics in relation to pre-store food-buying practices among different SES areas in developing and developed countries.