bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Detection of Symptomatic Paroxysmal Cardiac Arrhythmias by Trans‐Telephonic ECG Monitoring: Impact on Diagnosis and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: ANCZYKOWSKI JOHANNA , WILLEMS STEPHAN , HOFFMANN BORIS A. , MEINERTZ THOMAS , BLANKENBERG STEFAN , PATTEN MONICA 
Published: June 2016

Trans‐Telephonic ECG Monitoring for the Detection of CAIntroductionDiagnosis of infrequent cardiac arrhythmias (CA) is often unsuccessful using resting or Holter ECG. As early detection and treatment of CA, especially atrial fibrillation (AF), has implications on patients’ treatment and outcome, we investigated, whether self‐guided, trans‐telephonic event‐recorder monitoring (Tele‐ECG) improves diagnosis and influences treatment options.MethodsBetween 2009 and 2014, 790 patients (54 ± 18 years, 40% male; no history of CA: 582, known AF: 179, other CA: 29) presented with recurrent symptoms suggestive of CA and were screened by Tele‐ECG (17.3 ± 26.9 days). A total of 11,775 ECGs were transmitted via a 24‐hour telephone hotline including documentation of the respective symptoms.ResultsIn 73% of patients, CA was documented at the time of symptoms: sinus tachycardia 23%, premature ventricular beats 19%, AF 14%, supraventricular tachycardia 9%, sinus bradycardia 5%, sinus arrhythmia 2%, and AV block II 1%. The mean time until the first symptomatic episode occurred was 6.9 ± 15.3 days (median 2.5 days). The first documented arrhythmia occurred on average after 7.7 ± 14.1 days (median 3 days). In patients with AF (n = 110), 44% was newly diagnosed. According to the Tele‐ECG diagnosis, AF ablation was performed in 27% of these patients, 7% electrical cardioversion, and in 30% antiarrhythmic therapy was initiated. In 65% of the patients with recurrence of known AF, (re‐)ablation was performed or recommended and in 16% antiarrhythmic therapy was modified.ConclusionsTele‐ECG monitoring is effective in the diagnosis of suspected symptomatic CA. A diagnosis can usually be achieved within 1 week and has implications on patients’ care.
DESIGNING A PROPER HEDGE: THEORY VERSUS PRACTICE
Authors: Jiang Chao , Kawaller Ira G. , Koch Paul D. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDetermining the hedge ratio based on the slope coefficient of a regression on price changes suffers from several critical shortcomings. First, it is difficult to assemble a properly constructed data set. Second, results vary depending on the length of the change interval. Third, the resulting ex post effective prices realized under this approach are wholly uncertain, ex ante. We show that when the hedge ratio is determined with reference to a regression on the respective price levels, rather than price changes, the resulting hedge ratio solution is superior in that none of these shortcomings apply.
Incorporating albumin–bilirubin grade into the cancer of the liver Italian program system for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chan Anthony W H , Chong Charing C N , Mo Frankie K F , Wong John , Yeo Winnie , Johnson Philip J , Yu Shuangni , Lai Paul B S , Chan Anthony T C , To Ka‐Fai , Chan Stephen L 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackground and AimsThe albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) grade is a recently emerging alternative of the Child–Pugh (CP) grade. The Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) was demonstrated to be a useful prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in large prospective cohorts. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of substituting the CP grade by the ALBI grade in the CLIP system and compare the prognostic performance with other existing staging systems.MethodsA large cohort of 1973 Chinese patients with HCC was recruited to evaluate the prognostic performance of CP‐based CLIP (CP‐CLIP) and ALBI‐based CLIP (ALBI‐CLIP) systems and nine other staging systems by homogeneity likelihood chi‐square, c‐index, and corrected Akaike information criterion.ResultsThe ALBI‐CLIP system provided comparable prognostic performance than the CP‐CLIP system, which was indicated by homogeneity likelihood chi‐squares (ALBI‐CLIP 1186.35 vs CP‐CLIP 1145.54), c‐indices (ALBI‐CLIP 0.789 vs CP‐CLIP 0.785) and AICs (ALBI‐CLIP 15 493.47 vs CP‐CLIP 15 534.28). Among 11 staging systems, ALBI‐CLIP and CP‐CLIP systems were associated with the highest homogeneity chi‐squares and c‐indices, and the lowest corrected Akaike information criterion. Patients in ALBI‐CLIP score 0–4 had better median survival than those in corresponding CP‐CLIP score.ConclusionsThe ALBI grade performs as well as the CP grade when integrating into the CLIP system. ALBI‐CLIP and CP‐CLIP systems are the most accurate prognostic models among 11 existing staging systems.
IPO and Aftermarket Performance of Single‐Listed Chinese ADRs
Authors: Cao‐Alvira José J. , Rodríguez Javier 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper analyzes the post‐IPO and long‐run aftermarket performances of single‐listed Chinese ADRs during the 2004–2010 period. Single‐listed ADRs are traded daily in major exchanges in the United States, but their underlying shares are not traded in the issuer's home market. Our results show that over the short‐run, buy‐and‐hold abnormal returns of single‐listed Chinese ADRs following their IPO are not significantly different from the typical post‐IPO performance of stocks in U.S. exchanges, including that of traditional dual‐listed Chinese ADRs. Nevertheless, over the longer horizon, the excess returns of a portfolio composed solely of single‐listed Chinese ADRs outperform a portfolio of dual‐listed Chinese ADRs, but underperform a benchmark portfolio composed of U.S. firms matched on the basis of their IPO date. We also find that the portfolio formed solely of single‐listed Chinese ADRs exhibits significantly distinct loadings on the common portfolio factors from the portfolio formed of dual‐listed Chinese ADRs and from the benchmark portfolio of U.S. stocks.
Acting in Solidarity: Cross‐Group Contact between Disadvantaged Group Members and Advantaged Group Allies
Authors: Droogendyk Lisa , Wright Stephen C. , Lubensky Micah , Louis Winnifred R. 
Published: June 2016

The actions of advantaged group activists (sometimes called “allies”) are admirable, and they likely make meaningful contributions to the movements they support. However, a nuanced understanding of the role of advantaged group allies must also consider the potential challenges of their participation. Both in their everyday lives and during their activist work, advantaged group allies are especially likely to have direct contact with disadvantaged group members. This article considers when such contact may harm rather than help resistance movements by disadvantaged groups. We also suggest that to avoid these undermining effects, advantaged group allies must effectively communicate support for social change, understand the implications of their own privilege, offer autonomy‐oriented support, and resist the urge to increase their own feelings of inclusion by co‐opting relevant marginalized social identities.
The Food Colloid Principle in the Design of Elderly Food
Authors: Nishinari Katsuyoshi , Takemasa Makoto , Brenner Tom , Su Lei , Fang Yapeng , Hirashima Madoka , Yoshimura Miki , Nitta Yoko , Moritaka Hatsue , Tomczynska‐Mleko Marta , Mleko Stanisław , Michiwaki Yukihiro 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIt is necessary to control the rheological properties of bolus to prevent aspiration. To know the risk of aspiration for each person with difficulty in mastication and swallowing, it will be effective to use a test fluid which enables doctors to judge the safe range of the viscosity based on videofluorography. Since the knowledge of dominant factors which govern rheology is required, effects of shear rate, cooling rate, concentration of polysaccharides, coexisting seasonings on viscosity and viscoelasticity are overviewed. Since chemical senses are also known to affect the swallowing behavior, the relation between texture and flavor release is described briefly. Mixture of polysaccharides, proteins and fluid gels are overviewed as texture modifiers. Acoustic analysis of swallowing, extrusion method, a falling needle viscometer, tribological study on frictional coefficient of bolus are also described as each method is expected to be a useful tool to understand the complicated aspect of the disorder in mastication and deglutition. Mastication and swallowing of minced foods and model food gels are also described. Finally, the importance of the communication and collaboration between different disciplines is emphasized.Practical ApplicationsPolysaccharides have been used to modify the texture of foods. It is necessary to know how these polysaccharides influence the swallowing behavior to design foods for elderly. Since the texture of foods is influenced by taste, aroma and conversely these are influenced by texture, the knowledge on the relation between texture and flavor release is crucial to manipulate the foods to reduce the risk of aspiration. Some examples which are expected to be helpful to design foods for elderly are shown.
Lasting Temperature Effects on the Muscle Tissue, Body Growth, and Fillet Texture of Adult Turbots, Scophthalmus maximus L.
Authors: Ayala Maria D. , Hernández‐Urcera Jorge , Santaella Marina , Cal Rosa 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThree groups of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus L., were reared at three different temperatures (Ts) from hatching until 150 d posthatching: warm (21–22 C), ambient (17–18 C), and cold T (15–16 C). Later on, all of them were transferred at ambient T until the end of the experiment (1.8 yr of age, at commercial size: ≈1.5 kg and 40 cm) in order to study the long‐term T effect on the growth. At 1 yr of age, almost all the muscle and body parameters were greater in the warm than in the rest of the groups. At 1.8 yrs of age, the reverse situation was found, such that almost all the muscle and body parameters were higher in the cold than in the rest of the groups, thus showing a compensatory growth in the cold group. In relation to the texture parameters, most of them did not show significant differences among the groups. In relation to the sex influence, the size of muscle fibers was lower in the female than in the male fish, whereas the number and the muscle fiber density were generally higher in female than in male fish. The texture parameters did not show significant sex influence.
Effect of Salinity on Embryonic Development of the Cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis
Authors: Peng Rui‐Bing , Wang Peng‐Shuai , Jiang Mao‐Wang , Ruan Peng , Han Qing‐Xi , Jiang Xia‐Min 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe effect of salinity on the embryonic development of Sepia pharaonis eggs was tested experimentally using S. pharaonis embryos at various developmental stages. The hatching rate, incubation period, hatching period, wet weight of hatchling cuttlefish, and yolk utilization efficiency ratio were quantified at salinities of 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, and 36. These variables were significantly affected by salinity. The weight of the eggs first decreased and then increased during embryonic development. The range of suitable salinities for hatching of S. pharaonis eggs was 27–33, and the optimal salinity was 30.
Constitution‐writing, nationalism and the Turkish experience
Authors: Bayar Yeşim 
Published: June 2016

AbstractUntil recently there has been relatively little attention paid to the question of how the relationship between the state, its citizens and the nation is articulated in constitutional texts. This paper seeks to address this gap through an examination of how the rules of belonging to the nation are discussed by the political elite and how these discussions find their final formulation in the constitutional texts. The analysis focuses on the Turkish case at two constitution‐writing moments (1924 and 1961). While such moments have conventionally been assumed to be ‘revolutionary’, the data on Turkey highlights continuities rather than radical changes over time. More particularly, it underscores the resilience and salience of the principle of nationalism over time.
Jesus – ‘Our Wisest and Dearest Friend’: Aquinas and Moral Transformation
Authors: Ryan Thomas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis article joins others in assessing the role of Christ in the moral theology of Thomas Aquinas. It investigates one specific phrase in the Summa Theologiae in four stages. First, there are some foundational considerations of Aquinas's overall framework. Second, I examine the evidence supporting Aquinas's original description of Jesus as our ‘dearest friend’ and as further disclosed in the Tertia Pars, specifically in His Passion and in His role as Teacher. Third, this leads to a consideration of Jesus as ‘wisest’ as the Incarnate Word and Wisdom. Fourth, I probe this sapiential aspect further in terms of the gifts of the Holy Spirit, specifically, that of wisdom, and, in particular, as construed in recent work on the second person perspective and Joint Attention. By investigating this phrase of Aquinas, it emerges that its sapiential, soteriological and inter-personal character is illuminated further by its Christological and ecclesial dimensions.
Adenylate cyclase 3: a new target for anti‐obesity drug development
Authors: Wu L. , Shen C. , Seed Ahmed M. , Östenson C.‐G. , Gu H. F. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryObesity has become epidemic worldwide, and abdominal obesity has a negative impact on health. Current treatment options on obesity, however, still remain limited. It is then of importance to find a new target for anti‐obesity drug development based upon recent molecular studies in obesity. Adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3) is the third member of adenylyl cyclase family and catalyses the synthesis of cAMP from ATP. Genetic studies with candidate gene and genome‐wide association study approaches have demonstrated that ADCY3 genetic polymorphisms are associated with obesity in European and Chinese populations. Epigenetic studies have indicated that increased DNA methylation levels in the ADCY3 gene are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. Furthermore, biological analyses with animal models have implicated that ADCY3 dysfunction resulted in increased body weight and fat mass, while reduction of body weight is partially explained by ADCY3 activation. In this review, we describe genomic and biological features of ADCY3, summarize genetic and epigenetic association studies of the ADCY3 gene with obesity and discuss dysfunction and activation of ADCY3. Based upon all data, we suggest that ADCY3 is a new target for anti‐obesity drug development. Further investigation on the effectiveness of ADCY3 activator and its delivery approach to treat abdominal obesity has been taken into our consideration.
Nitric oxide‐fixation by non‐symbiotic haemoglobin proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana under N‐limited conditions
Authors: Kuruthukulangarakoola Gitto Thomas , Zhang Jiangli , Albert Andreas , Winkler Barbro , Lang Hans , Buegger Franz , Gaupels Frank , Heller Werner , Michalke Bernhard , Sarioglu Hakan , Schnitzler Jörg‐Peter , Hebelstrup Kim Henrik , Durner Jörg , Lindermayr Christian 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is an important signalling molecule that is involved in many different physiological processes in plants. Here, we report about a NO‐fixing mechanism in Arabidopsis, which allows the fixation of atmospheric NO into nitrogen metabolism. We fumigated Arabidopsis plants cultivated in soil or as hydroponic cultures during the whole growing period with up to 3 ppmv of NO gas. Transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic analyses were used to identify non‐symbiotic haemoglobin proteins as key components of the NO‐fixing process. Overexpressing non‐symbiotic haemoglobin 1 or 2 genes resulted in fourfold higher nitrate levels in these plants compared with NO‐treated wild‐type. Correspondingly, rosettes size and weight, vegetative shoot thickness and seed yield were 25, 40, 30, and 50% higher, respectively, than in wild‐type plants. Fumigation with 250 ppbv 15NO confirmed the importance of non‐symbiotic haemoglobin 1 and 2 for the NO‐fixation pathway, and we calculated a daily uptake for non‐symbiotic haemoglobin 2 overexpressing plants of 250 mg N/kg dry weight. This mechanism is probably important under conditions with limited N supply via the soil. Moreover, the plant‐based NO uptake lowers the concentration of insanitary atmospheric NOx, and in this context, NO‐fixation can be beneficial to air quality.
Wheat PR‐1 proteins are targeted by necrotrophic pathogen effector proteins
Authors: Breen Susan , Williams Simon J. , Winterberg Britta , Kobe Bostjan , Solomon Peter S. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryRecent studies have identified that proteinaceous effectors secreted by Parastagonospora nodorum are required to cause disease on wheat. These effectors interact in a gene‐for‐gene manner with host‐dominant susceptibilty loci, resulting in disease. However, whilst the requirement of these effectors for infection is clear, their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. A yeast‐two‐hybrid library approach was used to search for wheat proteins that interacted with the necrotrophic effector SnTox3. Using this strategy we indentified an interaction between SnTox3 and the wheat pathogenicity‐related protein TaPR‐1‐1, and confirmed it by in‐planta co‐immunprecipitation. PR‐1 proteins represent a large family (23 in wheat) of proteins that are upregulated early in the defence response; however, their function remains ellusive. Interestingly, the P. nodorum effector SnToxA has recently been shown to interact specifically with TaPR‐1‐5. Our analysis of the SnTox3–TaPR‐1 interaction demonstrated that SnTox3 can interact with a broader range of TaPR‐1 proteins. Based on these data we utilised homology modeling to predict, and validate, regions on TaPR‐1 proteins that are likely to be involved in the SnTox3 interaction. Precipitating from this work, we identified that a PR‐1‐derived defence signalling peptide from the C‐terminus of TaPR‐1‐1, known as CAPE1, enhanced the infection of wheat by P. nodorum in an SnTox3‐dependent manner, but played no role in ToxA‐mediated disease. Collectively, our data suggest that P. nodorum has evolved unique effectors that target a common host‐protein involved in host defence, albeit with different mechanisms and potentially outcomes.
Imaging mass spectrometry for accessing molecular changes during burn wound healing
Authors: Taverna Domenico , Pollins Alonda C. , Sindona Giovanni , Caprioli Richard M. , Nanney Lillian B. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThe spatiotemporal analysis of the proteomic profile during human wound healing is a critical investigative step that can establish the complex interplay of molecular events that comprise the local response to burn injury. Partial‐thickness wound samples with adjacent “normal” skin were collected from twenty‐one patients with burn wounds and examined across a time spectrum ranging from the acute injury period at 3, 6, 11 days to the later hypertrophic scar period at 7 and 15 months. The techniques used for histology‐directed tissue analyses highlighted inflammatory protein markers at the early time points after injury with diminished expression as burn wounds progressed into the proliferative phase. The datasets show the usefulness of MALDI MS and imaging mass spectrometry as discovery approaches to identify and map the cutaneous molecular sequence that is activated in response to the unique systemic inflammatory response following burn trauma. This information has the potential to define the unique factors that predispose human burn victims to disfiguring hypertrophic scar formation.
Biophysical Determinants of Front-Crawl Swimming at Moderate and Severe Intensities
Authors: Ribeiro João , Toubekis Argyris G. , Figueiredo Pedro , de Jesus Kelly , Toussaint Huub M. , Alves Francisco , Vilas-Boas João P. , Fernandes Ricardo J. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose:To conduct a biophysical analysis of the factors associated with front-crawl performance at moderate and severe swimming intensities, represented by anaerobic-threshold (vAnT) and maximal-oxygen-uptake (vV̇O2max) velocities.Methods:Ten high-level swimmers performed 2 intermittent incremental tests of 7 × 200 and 12 × 25 m (through a system of underwater push-off pads) to assess vAnT, and vV̇O2max, and power output. The 1st protocol was videotaped (3D reconstruction) for kinematic analysis to assess stroke frequency (SF), stroke length (SL), propelling efficiency (ηP), and index of coordination (IdC). V̇O2 was measured and capillary blood samples (lactate concentrations) were collected, enabling computation of metabolic power. The 2nd protocol allowed calculating mechanical power and performance efficiency from the ratio of mechanical to metabolic power.Results:Neither vAnT nor vV̇O2max was explained by SF (0.56 ± 0.06 vs 0.68 ± 0.06 Hz), SL (2.29 ± 0.21 vs 2.06 ± 0.20 m), ηP (0.38 ± 0.02 vs 0.36± 0.03), IdC (–12.14 ± 5.24 vs –9.61 ± 5.49), or metabolic-power (1063.00 ± 122.90 vs 1338.18 ± 127.40 W) variability. vV̇O2max was explained by power to overcome drag (r = .77, P ≤ .05) and ηP (r = .72, P ≤ .05), in contrast with the nonassociation between these parameters and vAnT; both velocities were well related (r = .62, P ≤ .05).Conclusions:The biomechanical parameters, coordination, and metabolic power seemed not to be performance discriminative at either intensity. However, the increase in power to overcome drag, for the less metabolic input, should be the focus of any intervention that aims to improve performance at severe swimming intensity. This is also true for moderate intensities, as vAnT and vV˙O2max are proportional to each other.
In Vitro
and
In Vivo
Characterization of the Novel Oxabicyclooctane-Linked Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitor AM-8722, a Selective, Potent Inhibitor of Bacterial DNA Gyrase
Authors: Tan Christopher M. , Gill Charles J. , Wu Jin , Toussaint Nathalie , Yin Jingjun , Tsuchiya Takayuki , Garlisi Charles G. , Kaelin David , Meinke Peter T. , Miesel Lynn , Olsen David B. , Lagrutta Armando , Fukuda Hideyuki , Kishii Ryuta , Takei Masaya , Oohata Kouhei , Takeuchi Tomoko , Shibue Taku , Takano Hisashi , Nishimura Akinori , Fukuda Yasumichi , Singh Sheo B. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) represent a new class of recently described antibacterial agents with broad-spectrum activity. NBTIs dually inhibit the clinically validated bacterial targets DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV and have been shown to bind distinctly from known classes of antibacterial agents directed against these targets. Herein we report the molecular, cellular, and
in vivo
characterization of AM-8722 as a representative N-alkylated-1,5-naphthyridone left-hand-side-substituted NBTI. Consistent with its mode of action, macromolecular labeling studies revealed a specific effect of AM-8722 to dose dependently inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis. AM-8722 displayed greater intrinsic enzymatic potency than levofloxacin versus both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV from
Staphylococcus aureus
and
Escherichia coli
and displayed selectivity against human topoisomerase II. AM-8722 was rapidly bactericidal and exhibited whole-cell activity versus a range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, with no whole-cell potency shift due to the presence of DNA or human serum. Frequency-of-resistance studies demonstrated an acceptable rate of resistance emergence
in vitro
at concentrations 16- to 32-fold the MIC. AM-8722 displayed acceptable pharmacokinetic properties and was shown to be efficacious in mouse models of bacterial septicemia. Overall, AM-8722 is a selective and potent NBTI that displays broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity
in vitro
and
in vivo
.