bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Durch zwei Liganden ermöglichte nicht‐dirigierte C‐H‐Olefinierung von Arenen
Authors: Chen Hao , Wedi Philipp , Meyer Tim , Tavakoli Ghazal , van Gemmeren Manuel 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDie klassische Pd‐katalysierte oxidative C‐H‐Olefinierung von Arenen, auch bekannt als die Fujiwara‐Moritani‐Reaktion, ist durch die Notwendigkeit von dirigierenden Gruppen am Substrat oder des Einsatzes des Arens im großen Überschuss, typischerweise als (Ko‐)Lösungsmittel, eingeschränkt. Hier beschreiben wir die Entwicklung eines Katalysatorsystems, das durch das Zusammenwirken von zwei komplementären Liganden erstmals die Nutzung von Arenen ohne dirigierende Gruppen als limitierendes Reagenz ermöglicht. Die Reaktionen verlaufen unter einer Kombination aus sterischer und elektronischer Kontrolle und ermöglichen die Anwendung auf wertvolle Arene, die nicht in Überschuss eingesetzt werden müssen.
Aktive Anode auf Molybdänbasis für dehydrierende Kupplungen
Authors: Beil Sebastian B. , Müller Timo , Sillart Sydney B. , Franzmann Peter , Bomm Alexander , Holtkamp Michael , Karst Uwe , Schade Wolfgang , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEs wurde ein leistungsfähiges aktives Anodensystem entwickelt, das in 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexafluor‐2‐propanol (HFIP) eingesetzt werden kann. Die Molybdänanode bildet in HFIP eine kompakte, leitfähige und elektroaktive Schicht aus höhervalenten Molybdänspezies. Dieses System kann als Ersatz für leistungsfähige, aber stöchiometrisch notwendige MoV‐Reagenzien in dehydrierenden Kupplungen von Arenen eingesetzt werden. Diese Elektrolyse ist nachhaltiger und ermöglicht die Umsetzung eines breiten Spektrums von aktivierten Arenen.
From Designing the Molecules of Life to Designing Life: Future Applications Derived from Advances in DNA Technologies
Authors: Kohman Richie E. , Kunjapur Aditya M. , Hysolli Eriona , Wang Yu , Church George M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSince the elucidation of its structure, DNA has been at the forefront of biological research. In the past half century, an explosion of DNA‐based technology development has occurred with the most rapid advances being made for DNA sequencing. In parallel, dramatic improvements have also been made in the synthesis and editing of DNA from the oligonucleotide to the genome scale. In this Review, we will summarize four different subfields relating to DNA technologies following this trajectory of smaller to larger scale. We begin by talking about building materials out of DNA which in turn can act as delivery vehicles in vivo. We then discuss how altering microbial genomes can lead to novel methods of production for industrial biologics. Next, we talk about the future of writing whole genomes as a method of studying evolution. Lastly, we highlight the ways in which barcoding biological systems will allow for their three‐dimensional analysis in a highly multiplexed fashion.
Biopolymer Aerogels and Foams: Chemistry, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Zhao Shanyu , Malfait Wim J. , Guerrero‐Alburquerque Natalia , Koebel Matthias M. , Nyström Gustav 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBiopolymer aerogels were among the first aerogels produced, but only in the last decade has research on biopolymer and biopolymer–composite aerogels become popular, motivated by sustainability arguments, their unique and tunable properties, and ease of functionalization. Biopolymer aerogels and open‐cell foams have great potential for classical aerogel applications such as thermal insulation, as well as emerging applications in filtration, oil–water separation, CO2 capture, catalysis, and medicine. The biopolymer aerogel field today is driven forward by empirical materials discovery at the laboratory scale, but requires a firmer theoretical basis and pilot studies to close the gap to market. This Review includes a database with over 3800 biopolymer aerogel properties, evaluates the state of the biopolymer aerogel field, and critically discusses the scientific, technological, and commercial barriers to the commercialization of these exciting materials.
Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE): From Discovery to Diagnosis
Authors: Rayner Peter J. , Duckett Simon B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSignal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) turns typically weak magnetic resonance responses into strong signals making previously impractical measurements possible. This technique has gained significant popularity because of its speed and simplicity. This Minireview tracks the development of SABRE from the initial hyperpolarization of pyridine in 2009 to the point in which 50 % 1H polarization levels have been achieved in a di‐deuterio‐nicotinate, a key step in the pathway to potential clinical use. Simple routes to highly efficient 15N hyperpolarization and the creation of hyperpolarized long‐lived magnetic states are illustrated. To conclude, we describe how the recently reported SABRE‐RELAY approach offers a route for parahydrogen to hyperpolarize a much wider array of molecular scaffolds, such as amides, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and phosphates, than was previously thought possible. We predict that collectively these developments ensure that SABRE will significantly impact on both chemical analysis and the diagnosis of disease in the future.
An Isolable Phosphaethynolatoborane and Its Reactivity
Authors: Wilson Daniel W. N. , Hinz Alexander , Goicoechea Jose M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of a stable phosphaethynolatoborane, [B]OCP (1, [B]=N,N′‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐1,3,2‐diazaboryl), is described. The increased triple bond character of the P−C bond in 1 relative to the free ion (PCO−) is probed in a series of reactivity studies. Compound 1 readily dimerises in donor solvents to afford a cyclic five‐membered 6π‐aromatic compound, cyclo‐P2{C[B]}O{CO[B]} (2), which decarbonylates on UV irradiation. By contrast the nickel‐mediated dimerisation of 1 affords the isomeric diphosphacyclobutene [P(CO[B])]2. When 1 is reacted with organolithium reagents such as MesLi (Mes=2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl), the boryl moiety shifts and the formation of the lithoxy‐boryl‐phosphaalkene [LiOC[B]P(Mes)]2 was observed. The reactivity of this species towards electrophiles is also described.
Preparation of antibacterial and antifungal breathable polyether block amide/chloropropane diol membranes via solution casting
Authors: Sole Bhausaheb B. , Seshadri Geetha , Tyagi Ajay Kumar , Rattan Sunita 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTA highly hydrophilic block copolymer polyether block amide (PEBA) is modified with chloropropane diol (CPD) to impart antibacterial and antifungal properties to it without compromising with its breathability. The antibacterial properties of modified membranes are evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (E. coli, Gram negative) bacteria by membrane culture method. CPD plays an important role in the antibacterial property with the inhibition rate reaching 99.99% for CPD modified membranes which was 27.55% and 16.82% for pristine membrane (against S. aureus and E. coli respectively). The antifungal properties studied against Aspergllus niger, Penicillium pinophilum, Aureobasidium pullulans, Chaetomium globosum, and Trichoderma virens show heavy‐growth of fungi for pristine PEBA membrane while no growth was observed in case of CPD modified membranes. Breathability of membrane is determined in terms of water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) and it increase from 1496 g/m2/day to 2354 g/m2/day after modification. The membranes are characterized by FTIR‐ATR, SEM‐EDX, DSC, and TGA. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46097.
Self‐healing hydrogel of poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphite oxide with pH‐sensitive and enhanced thermal properties
Authors: Wang Sui , Zhang Zheng , Chen Bing , Shao Jia , Guo Zhiyong 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTSupramolecular hydrogel is a fascinating polymeric material composed of three‐dimensional noncovalent networks with many outstanding properties, especially reversible relevant performances. A self‐healing supramolecular hydrogel of poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphite oxide, with reversible pH responsiveness and good thermal stability, was prepared. The morphology, functional group changes, swelling performance, thermal stability, rheological performance, and self‐healing property of the PVA/GO hydrogel were investigated. A probable mechanism between the components and potential applications were also examined in our study. The experimental results show that the PVA/GO hydrogel was not only self‐healable without external stimulus or addition of any healing agents, but also pH sensitive and with good thermal stability. Green ingredients (PVA and GO) and a simple synthesis method (a freezing/thawing treatment) may pose little threat to the environment and also promote the production of such hydrogels. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46143.
Properties and pervaporation performance of poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes crosslinked with various dianhydrides
Authors: Xu Sheng , Shen Liang , Li Cailian , Wang Yan 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTIn this work, three dianhydrides with similar chemical structures, 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA), and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), are employed for the crosslinking modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes for ethanol dehydration via pervaporation. The changes in crosslinking degree, surface hydrophilicity, and glass‐transition temperature are investigated and compared. Compared to the pure PVA membrane, all crosslinked membranes show higher fluxes but lower separation factors, because of the higher fractional free volume and the lower hydrophilicity by the crosslinking of the PVA matrix, respectively. In addition, all crosslinked PVA membranes exhibit similar flux, and the separation factor presents a decreasing order of PVA/PMDA‐2 > PVA/ODPA‐2 > PVA/BTDA‐2, which is in the reverse order of their hydrophilicity, probably because of the reduction in the swelling resistance. With the PMDA content increasing from 0.01 to 0.04 mol/(kg PVA) in the PVA/PMDA crosslinked membranes, the crosslinking degree is enhanced and the hydrogen bonding is weakened, resulting in a flux increase from 120.2 to 190.8 g m−2 h−1, but the separation factor declines from 306 to 58. This work is believed to provide useful insight on the chemical modification of PVA membranes for pervaporation and other membrane‐based separation applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46159.
Structure–property relationship in PP/LDPE blend composites: The role of nanoclay localization
Authors: Mofokeng Tladi Gideon , Ray Suprakas Sinha , Ojijo Vincent 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThis article reports, for the first time, on how the kinetics and thermodynamics of the melt‐processing control the nano/micro‐structure development and properties of nanoclay‐filled polypropylene (PP)/low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) blend ternary composites. Morphological characterization suggests that the nano/micro‐structure of the PP/LDPE (80/20) blend can be controlled by incorporating nanoclay alone or by adding a mixture of organoclay and maleated compatibilizers. Simultaneous mixing of PP, LDPE, maleated compatibilizers, and organoclay results in homogeneous distribution of intercalated silicate layers in all the phases of the blend, a feature which profoundly affects the thermal stability and tensile and rheological properties of the blend composites. For example, the elongation‐at‐break for PP increases from 28.1 to 155.6% for composite containing both organoclay and maleated compatibilizers, whereas the thermal stability for PP increases from 269.8 to 303.3 °C for the same composite. However, the impact strength of the PP/LDPE blend decreases with incorporation of organoclay, regardless of the phase in which the nanoclay particles are localized. In summary, the obtained results show that regardless of the phase in which the nanoclay is localized, the morphology, and hence the properties, of the ternary composites are superior to those of the neat blend. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46193.
Quantitative relationships between intermolecular interaction and damping parameters of irganox‐1035/NBR hybrids: A combination of experiments, molecular dynamics simulations, and linear regression analyses
Authors: Zhu Jing , Zhao Xiuying , Liu Li , Song Meng , Wu Sizhu 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThe damping mechanism of phenol(3,5‐bis(1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐4‐hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid thiodi‐2,1‐ethanediyl ester, abbreviated as Irganox‐1035)/nitrile‐butadiene rubber hybrids was studied by combining experiments, computer simulations, and linear regression analyses. Four important damping parameters [loss peak (tan δmax), effective loss area (TA), glass transition temperature (Tg), and effective temperature region (ΔT)], were obtained by dynamic mechanical thermal analyses. Three intermolecular interaction parameters [the number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds (NHBs), binding energy (Ebinding), and fractional free volume (FFV)], were calculated by molecular dynamics simulations. Using linear regression analyses, the quantitative relationships between the intermolecular interaction and damping parameters were investigated. Linear and significant relationships between intermolecular interactions (NHBs and Ebinding) and damping parameters (tan δmax and TA) (R2 > 0.9; P < 0.001) were noted; FFV showed moderate linear correlations with damping parameters (R2 < 0.9; P < 0.05); only Ebinding showed strong correlations with Tg and ΔT (R2 > 0.9; P < 0.001). Besides, after nondimensionalization, multivariate linear fitting equations based on intermolecular interaction parameters were developed to accurately predict damping parameters (R2 > 0.98, P < 0.001). These studies were expected to provide the useful information in understanding the damping mechanism and to attempt a quantitative tool for designing high damping materials. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46202.
HMGA1 Overexpression is Associated With the Malignant Status and Progression of Breast Cancer
Authors: Qi Cuiling , Cao Jinghua , Li Mengshi , Liang Chenghua. , He Yajun , Li Yuanyuan , Li Jialin , Zheng Xiaoming , Wang Lijing , Wei Bo 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTBreast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women, and the incidence and mortality of breast cancer has rapidly increased in recent years. Studies have indicated that high mobility group A1 (HMGA1), an important member of the HMGA family, plays a role in the pathogenesis and progression of malignant tumors, including breast cancer. This study aims to evaluate the effect of HMGA1 in breast cancer. Interestingly, we found that HMGA1 expression was significantly higher in breast cancer tissues than in adenoma tissues and closely correlated with the clinical stage and histological grade in breast cancer patients. Further study showed that HMGA1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Thus, the results demonstrated that HMGA1 could act as an independent prognostic indicator in breast cancer. HMGA1 expression was closely correlated with the clinical stage, histological grade, and tumor size in breast cancer patients and breast cancer progression in transgenic MMTV‐PyMT mice. Anat Rec, 301:1061–1067, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cobalt‐Doped Perovskite‐Type Oxide LaMnO3 as Bifunctional Oxygen Catalysts for Hybrid Lithium–Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Liu Xiao , Gong Hao , Wang Tao , Guo Hu , Song Li , Xia Wei , Gao Bin , Jiang Zhongyi , Feng Linfei , He Jianping 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPerovskite‐type oxides based on rare‐earth metals containing lanthanum manganate are promising catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline electrolyte. Perovskite‐type LaMnO3 shows excellent ORR performance, but poor OER activity. To improve the OER performance of LaMnO3, the element cobalt is doped into perovskite‐type LaMnO3 through a sol–gel method followed by a calcination process. To assess electrocatalytic activities for the ORR and OER, a series of LaMn1−xCoxO3 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) perovskite oxides were synthesized. The results indicate that the amount of doped cobalt has a significant effect on the catalytic performance of LaMn1−xCoxO3. If x=0.3, LaMn0.7Co0.3O3 not only shows a tolerable electrocatalytic activity for the ORR, but also exhibits a great improvement (>200 mV) on the catalytic activity for the OER; this indicates that the doping of cobalt is an effective approach to improve the OER performance of LaMnO3. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that LaMn0.7Co0.3O3 is a promising cost‐effective bifunctional catalyst with high performance in the ORR and OER for application in hybrid Li−O2 batteries.
Finite‐Time Scaled Consensus in Discrete‐Time Networks of Agents
Authors: Shang Yilun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis brief paper deals with finite‐time scaled consensus to assigned portions using linear iterations. If the network topology is modeled by a connected bidirectional network, we show that scaled consensus can always be reached in a finite time using state‐transition matrices consistent with the network structure. The final scaled consensus states are also identified. A numerical example is given to illustrate the theoretical result.
Enhancing interactions during daily routines: A randomized controlled trial of a web‐based tutorial for parents of young children with ASD
Authors: Ibañez Lisa V. , Kobak Kenneth , Swanson Amy , Wallace Lisa , Warren Zachary , Stone Wendy L. 
Published: January 2018

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often experience difficulty participating in everyday home routines, such as bed time or bath time. This randomized controlled trial examined the efficacy of an interactive, web‐based parenting tutorial for improving children's engagement in daily routines (i.e., proximal outcomes) as well improving children's social communication and parenting efficacy and stress (i.e., broad outcomes). Parents of children with ASD between 18 and 60 months were randomly assigned to the Tutorial group (n = 52) or the Control group (n = 52). All parents completed questionnaires at baseline (T1), 1 month after T1 (T2; post‐tutorial completion), and 2 months after T1 (T3). Relative to the Control group, parents in the Tutorial group reported significantly higher use of evidence‐based instructional strategies and higher levels of child engagement during routines at T2 and T3. In addition, parents in the Tutorial group reported significantly lower parenting stress and higher parenting efficacy at T3, as well as higher ratings of child social communication at T2 and T3, compared to the Control group. Parents reported being highly satisfied with both the clinical content and technical aspects of the tutorial. These improvements in both proximal and broad parent‐child outcomes suggest that this tutorial may be a promising and accessible way for empowering some parents and improving parent‐child interactions. Autism Res 2018, 11: 667–678. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThis web‐based tutorial helped parents of children with ASD use proven strategies to improve their child's participation in daily routines at home. Parents who used the tutorial reported less parenting stress, felt better about their parenting skills, and reported better child social interactions compared to parents who did not use the tutorial. This tutorial may be especially helpful for families who have limited access to services, as it can be completed at home.
Plasma zinc levels in Ecuadorian mothers of infants with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate: A case series
Authors: Jara‐Palacios Miguel Ángel , Cornejo Angélica Carolina , Narváez‐Caicedo Camila , Moreano Gabriela , Vásquez Karla Patricia , Moreno‐Izquierdo Cristina , Romero‐Sandoval Natalia 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported an association between maternal zinc deficiency and increased risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) in offspring. A high prevalence of zinc deficiency and a high prevalence of NSCL/P have been reported in Ecuador. We postulated that mothers of infants with NSCL/P may have lower serum zinc levels than women from the general population.MethodsA case series study was conducted from November 2013 to July 2016. Thirty‐five healthy mothers of infants with NSCL/P were selected during surgical missions conducted by Operación Sonrisa Ecuador. A single blood sample along with pertinent medical history was collected during personal interviews after 3.6 months postpartum. The prevalence of plasma zinc concentration (PZn) deficiency among the participants was determined and analyzed along with the prevalence of PZn deficiency in Ecuadorian women of reproductive age from the general population.ResultsThe mean PZn was 11.47 µmol/dm3. The prevalence of PZn deficiency among the participants was 31.4% (95% CI: 17.1–48.6) and differed significantly from the prevalence of zinc deficiency observed among women from the general population (G2 = 8.66;p < .05).ConclusionsThe results showed that the prevalence of PZn deficiency is lower in a cohort of healthy mothers of infants with NSCL/P than in women from the general population in Ecuador. More studies are required to confirm these findings and evaluate other factors related to NSCL/P pathophysiology in the Ecuadorian population.
Associations between lifestyle factors and smoking status during pregnancy in a group of Romanian women
Authors: Voidazan S. , Tarcea M. , Abram Z. , Georgescu M. , Marginean C. , Grama O. , Buicu F. , Ruţa F. 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThere is an estimated birth rate of 9.27 births/1,000 population in Romania each year, with approximately 8.4% born with low birth weight (LBW). Our purpose was to evaluate the relationships between maternal smoking and LBW and preterm birth in Mureș County, Romania.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional survey of 1,278 mothers who had given birth in Mureș County obstetrical wards in 2015, based on a lifestyle questionnaire of 109 items and personal and laboratory data from hospitals records.ResultsThe variables associated with smoking during pregnancy taken into account were: Rroma ethnicity, education <8 grades, income lower than 140 dollars (minimum wages in our country), and lack of facilities in their households. In a multivariable model, smoking during pregnancy was correlated with a low level of education (p = .02), coffee and alcohol use (p = .0001), and lack of interest in potential environmental and behavioral risks during pregnancy (including smoking and diet). The newborn baby's weight was associated with smoker status of the mother (OR 1.71, 95%CI 1.09–2.66, p = .01), by the lack of ownership of a household (OR 3.52, 95%CI 2.27–5.47, p = .0001), and by the pregnant woman not receiving proper information regarding a healthy behavior and diet during pregnancy (OR 1.91, 95%CI 1.33–2.74, p = .0005).ConclusionOur study aimed to emphasize the high rates of maternal smoking during pregnancy and its importance in LBW outcomes in Romanian pregnant women. Moreover, the study highlights disparities in smoking status observed in ethnic minorities and those living in poverty.