bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening in Military Medicine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hoppes Carrie W , Garcia de la Huerta Tomas , Faull Stefanie , Weightman Margaret , Stojak Margaret , Dibble Leland , Pelo Ryan M , Fino Peter C , Richard Holly , Lester Mark , King Laurie A 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) was created as a brief clinical screening tool for identifying vestibular and ocular motor symptoms and impairments post-concussion. It was found to have predictive validity in correctly identifying concussed athletes from healthy controls. In 2018, the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation 2 (MACE2) replaced the original Military Acute Concussion Evaluation (MACE); the most prominent change between the MACE and MACE2 was the addition of the VOMS. Despite its adoption into military medicine, it is not known if the addition of the VOMS to the MACE2 is acutely helpful, and if it provides additional information for diagnosis, prognosis, and/or management. The purposes of this systematic review were: (1) to determine the utility of the VOMS in correctly identifying concussed individuals, particularly as it pertains to military medicine; (2) to explore the extent to which the VOMS can inform concussion prognosis; and (3) to establish the value of the VOMS as a measure for monitoring the evolution of symptoms throughout a service member’s course of care.

Materials and Methods
A comprehensive search of PubMed was performed from January 1, 2014 through August 16, 2023. Articles were included if they researched concussion or a related health condition or healthy controls and administered the VOMS. Articles were excluded if they discussed health conditions other than concussion; did not administer the VOMS; or were written in languages other than English. The tools used to assess methodological quality and risk of bias varied according to study design. Articles were classified into three primary domains: diagnosis, prognosis, and/or rehabilitation/recovery over time.

Results
A total of 231 articles were retrieved and 3 were duplicates, leaving 228 articles for review. Of the 228 articles screened, 100 relevant full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Fifty-nine articles met our inclusion and exclusion criteria while the other 41 articles were rejected. Thirty-two articles helped to inform diagnosis, 15 prognosis, and 16 rehabilitation/recovery over time.

Conclusions
The VOMS had excellent internal consistency and moderate to good test-retest reliability; however, a false-positive rate of 21.9% was found. Most studies indicated that a positive VOMS was associated with a delayed recovery. Several studies indicated that VOMS scores improved with targeted, active interventions and/or a symptom-guided progressive return to activity. The greatest limitation was the paucity of published evidence in the military population. More research is needed on the use of the VOMS in service members.
Sex Differences in Subclinical Psychotic Experiences: The Role of Daily-Life Social Interactions
Authors: Akcaoglu Zeynep , Myin-Germeys Inez , Vaessen Thomas , Janssens Julie J , Wampers Martien , Bamps Eva , Lafit Ginette , Kirtley Olivia J , Achterhof Robin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Sex differences in psychosis are reported across the psychosis spectrum, including in subclinical stages. An important factor in understanding these variations is the subjective experience of everyday social interactions (SI). We investigated whether the presence of psychotic experiences (PEs), as well as associated distress, differs between men and women. We focused on the role of daily-life SI quality and whether its association with PEs varies by sex.

Study Design
We included adolescents from SIGMA, a general youth population study in Flanders, Belgium (n = 344; mean age = 18.7; 63.4% female). Psychotic experiences were measured using the PQ-16. We used Experience Sampling Methodology to assess daily-life SI. A multilevel model and multiple linear regressions were used to assess, respectively, the relationship between sex and SI quality and whether PEs and their association with SI quality differ between young men and women.

Study Results
The results of the multilevel linear regression model indicate that the prevalence of and distress associated with PEs were higher in women. No significant difference was observed in the subjective quality of daily SI. Social interaction quality was strongly related to PEs. This association did not seem to vary for the prevalence of PEs, though women’s distress about PEs appeared to be more affected by SI quality.

Conclusions
Present findings highlight the role of the subjective quality of SI in subclinical psychosis. More research is needed to investigate the mechanisms through which SI quality relates to PEs, and whether these differ between young men and women.
Intranasal Oxytocin Combined With Social Skills Training for Schizophrenia: An Add-on Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Saporta-Wiesel Liron , Feldman Ruth , Levi Linda , Davidson Michael , Burshtein Shimon , Gur Ruben , Zagoory-Sharon Orna , Amiaz Revital , Park Jinyoung , Davis John M , Weiser Mark 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Some but not other studies on oxytocin for schizophrenia, particularly those using a higher dose, indicate that oxytocin improves negative symptoms of schizophrenia. We performed an add-on randomized controlled trial to examine the effect of high-dose oxytocin, social skills training, and their combination in the treatment of negative symptoms and social dysfunction in schizophrenia. Fifty-one subjects with schizophrenia were randomized, employing a two-by-two design: intranasal oxytocin (24 IU X3/day) or placebo, and social skills training or supportive psychotherapy, for 3 weeks. The primary outcome was the difference in the total score from baseline to end-of-study of a semi-structured interview which assessed patients’ social interactions in 3 scenarios: sharing a positive experience, sharing a conflict, and giving support when the experimenter shared a conflict. The interactions were scored using the Coding Interactive Behavior Manual (CIB), clinical symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). No significant difference was found between groups in the total CIB or PANSS scores. The majority of comparisons in the different social interactions between oxytocin and placebo, and between social skills training vs supportive psychotherapy, were also nonsignificant. Social skills training reduced blunted affect and gaze. In post-hoc analyses of the support interaction, oxytocin improved synchrony and decreased tension, while in the positive interaction it improved positive affect and avoidance. None of these findings remained significant when controlling for multiple comparisons. In conclusion, oxytocin did not influence participants’ social behavior, and was not effective in improving the symptoms of schizophrenia.
Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01598623
How openness and inquisitiveness led to a career as a sleep researcher and a broad contribution to sleep science
Authors: Roehrs Timothy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
After describing my serendipitous discovery of sleep research as a potential career, I note how my openness and inquisitiveness led to a broad contribution to sleep science. After a PhD in biological psychology, I completed a postdoctoral fellowship in alcoholism and drug abuse. This led to my first studies on rebound insomnia. I then describe early studies on the relation of sleep continuity/sleep time to daytime sleepiness and function. This led to studies of how basal sleep time/sleepiness interacts with the effects of sedating and alerting drugs. Several collaborations led to studies on sleep and hot flashes in perimenopausal women and on sleep and acute and chronic pain.
Advantages of Cell Proliferation and Immune Regulation in CD146+NESTIN+ HUMSCs: Insights from Single-Cell RNA Sequencing
Authors: Huang Peng , Qin Xiaofei , Fan Chuiqin , Zhong Huifeng , Wang Manna , Chen Fuyi , Liao Maochuan , Zheng Nanpeng , Wang Hongwu , Lin Bingchun , Ma Lian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The heterogeneity of stem cells is a significant factor inhibiting their clinical application, as different cell subpopulations may exhibit substantial differences in biological functions. We performed single-cell sequencing on HUMSCs from three donors of different gestational ages (22 + 5 weeks, 28 weeks, 39 weeks). We also compared the data with single-cell sequencing data from BMSCs from two public databases. The content of CD146+Nestin+ MSCs in preterm HUMSCs (22 + 5W: 30.2%, 28W: 25.8%) was higher than that in full-term HUMSCs (39W: 0.5%) and BMSCs (BMSC1: 0, BMSC2: 0.9%). Cell cycle analysis indicated a higher proportion of cells in the proliferative G2M phase in CD146+Nestin+ MSCs (40.8%) compared to CD146+Nestin- MSCs (20%) and CD146-Nestin- MSCs (12.5%). Degree of differentiation assessment suggested that CD146+Nestin+ MSCs exhibited lower differentiation than other cell subpopulations. Differential gene analysis revealed that CD146+Nestin+ MSCs overexpressed immune regulation-related factors. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of modules identified by WGCNA suggested enrichment in pathways related to cellular immune regulation, antimicrobial activity, and proliferation. Immune-related gene analysis indicated that CD146+Nestin+ MSCs exhibited expression of multiple immune-related genes associated with "Antimicrobials," "Cytokines," and "Cytokine Receptors." Gene regulatory network analysis revealed high expression of immune-related regulators RELB, GAPB1, and EHF in CD146+Nestin+ MSCs.Our study provides a single-cell atlas of preterm HUMSCs, demonstrating the expression of CD146+Nestin+ MSCs across different tissues and confirming their advantages in cellular proliferation, antimicrobial activity, immune regulation, and low differentiation at the RNA level. This contributes valuable insights for the clinical application of HUMSCs.
Construction of competitive endogenous RNA network and identification of potential regulatory axis in vascular calcification
Authors: Xu Tongxin , Li Yuzhe , Cheng Meijuan , Jin Jingjing , Zhang Shenglei , Bai Yaling , Xu Jinsheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCompetitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) theory has been proved in numerous biological processes. Nevertheless, there is a lack of research applying the ceRNA theory to the study of vascular calcification (VC) in chronic kidney diseases (CKD). In the present study, a ceRNA network was constructed after conducting transcriptome sequencing of differentially expressed genes, followed by experimental validation to identify a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular calcification. Total RNA was extracted from β‐glycerophosphate (β‐GP) cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) on Day 7. Illumina HiSeq platform was utilized to build sequencing libraries. GO and KEGG analysis was conducted to identify the function of the differentially expressed genes. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database. A ceRNA network was established based on TargetScan, miRDB, miRWALK, and miRanda database. Western blot and qRT‐PCR were used to explore the expression level of protein and RNA, respectively. The direct binding sites were confirmed by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. In total, 647 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 289 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified (|log2FC| ≥ 1, p < .05). The function of differentially expressed mRNAs was mainly enriched in negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation, regulation of RNA metabolic process, and other typical pathways. The ceRNA network was generated with a total of 107 interaction pairs. The lncRNA Prrc2c/miR‐145‐5p/Smad3 axis was considered a potential regulatory pathway within the ceRNA network. The regulatory relationship and targets of this ceRNA axis were validated via in vitro experiments. For the first time, we found that lncRNA Prrc2c was highly expressed and promoted calcification of VSMCs. Luciferase reporter assay showed that lncRNA Prrc2c could bind miR‐145‐5p at site 1755–1761. Similarly, luciferase reporter assay showed that miR‐145‐5p inhibited Smad3 expression by binding to its 3′UTR. Our findings provide a comprehensive examination of the ceRNA networks in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with high phosphorate. Specifically, we have identified the role of lncRNA Prrc2c in promoting VSMC calcification through the miR‐145‐5p/Smad3 axis.
METTL3‐mediated m6A modification enhances lncRNA H19 stability to promote endothelial cell inflammation and pyroptosis to aggravate atherosclerosis
Authors: Tang Feng , Tian Long‐hai , Zhu Xiao‐han , Yang Sen , Zeng Huan , Yang Yong‐yao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study explored the impact of N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification on the regulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and atherosclerosis progression. An atherosclerosis cell model was established by treating human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) with oxidized low‐density lipoprotein. Additionally, an atherosclerotic animal model was developed using ApoE−/− C57BL/6 male mice fed a high‐fat diet. Both models were employed to assess the expression changes of proteins associated with m6A modification. First, the effect of m6A modification writer protein methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) knockdown on changes in the level of pyroptosis in HAECs was investigated, and bioinformatic analysis confirmed that lncRNA H19 (H19) was the potential target of m6A modification. RNA‐binding protein immunoprecipitation assays were subsequently performed to explore the interaction between H19 and the m6A writer protein METTL3, as well as the reader protein recombinant insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2). Finally, the effect of H19 expression on pyroptosis levels in HAECs was evaluated. In the aortas of atherosclerosis mice, overall m6A levels were significantly elevated compared with controls (p < .05), with METTL3 and METTL14 mRNA and protein levels notably increased (p < .05). Similarly, ox‐LDL‐treated HAECs showed a significant rise in m6A levels, along with increased METTL3 and METTL14 expression (p < .05). METTL3 knockdown in HAECs led to decreased pyroptosis, as evidenced by reduced lactate dehydrogenase release and lower levels of IL‐1β, IL‐18, and IL‐6 (p < .05). Overexpression of H19 reversed these effects, indicating METTL3's role in promoting atherosclerosis by stabilizing H19 through m6A modification. H19 was the primary target lncRNA molecule of METTL3‐mediated m6A modification in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. METTL3‐mediated m6A modification regulated H19 expression, thereby aggravating atherosclerosis by activating pyroptosis.
Ultrasound-guided Transcutaneous Phrenic Nerve Stimulation in Critically Ill Patients: A New Method to Evaluate Diaphragmatic Function
Authors: Capdevila Mathieu , De Jong Audrey , Belafia Fouad , Vonarb Aurelie , Carr Julie , Molinari Nicolas , Choquet Olivier , Capdevila Xavier , Jaber Samir 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Diaphragm dysfunction is common in intensive care unit and associated with weaning failure and mortality. The diagnosis gold standard is the transdiaphragmatic or tracheal pressure induced by magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation. However, the equipment is not commonly available and requires specific technical skills. This study aimed to evaluate ultrasound-guided transcutaneous phrenic nerve stimulation for daily bedside assessment of diaphragm function by targeted electrical phrenic nerve stimulation.

Methods:
This randomized crossover study compared a new method of ultrasound-guided transcutaneous electrical phrenic nerve stimulation (SONOTEPS) using a peripheral nerve stimulator, with magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation. Intensive care unit adult patients under mechanical ventilation with a Richmond Agitation–Sedation Scale score of −4 or −5 were included. Each patient received the two methods of stimulation, in a randomized order. The primary outcome was the tracheal pressure induced by stimulation.

Results:
This study analyzed 232 measures of tracheal pressure from 116 patients, of whom 77 presented diaphragm dysfunction (tracheal pressure less than 11 cm H2O) and 50 presented severe diaphragm dysfunction (tracheal pressure less than 8 cm H2O). The Passing–Bablok regression showed no significant differences (intercept A of −0.03 [95% CI, −0.83 to 0.52] and slope B of 0.98 [95% CI, 0.90 to 1.05]) between the SONOTEPS method and magnetic stimulation, which were positively correlated (R² = 0.639). The mean bias was −1.08 (95% CI, 5.02 to −7.18) cm H2O. The receiver operating curves showed an excellent performance for the diagnosis of diaphragm dysfunction and severe diaphragm dysfunction with areas under the curve of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.83 to 0.97) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.82 to 0.95), respectively. This performance was not significantly affected by the body mass index or the presence of a neck catheter.

Conclusions:
The SONOTEPS method is a simple and accurate tool for bedside assessment of diaphragm function with ultrasound-guided transcutaneous phrenic nerve stimulation in sedated patients with no or minimal spontaneous respiratory activity.
Utility of Clinical Features in Identifying Electrographic Seizures in Hospitalized Patients Admitted for Non-Neurological Diagnoses
Authors: Tsai Carolyn , Blodgett Courtney , Seo Sunghyun , Alghorazi Rizk , Li Lang , Qaqish Bahjat , Powers William J. , Rubinos Clio 
Published: October 2024

IMPORTANCE:
Electrographic seizures (ESz) are seizures without prominent motor activity diagnosed with electroencephalogram and are a common complication in critically ill patients with alterations of consciousness. Previous studies suggested clinical signs, including ocular movement abnormalities, facial/periorbital twitching, or remote seizure risk factors, are sensitive for presence of ESz.

OBJECTIVES:
To assess the utility of clinical features in identifying ESz in critically ill patients with alterations of consciousness.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
This is a retrospective case-control study of 50 patients admitted to the University of North Carolina (UNC) Medical Center and UNC Rex Hospital. Inpatients older than 18 years old undergoing continuous video electroencephalogram (cEEG) were included. Patients admitted for neurologic diagnoses were excluded. A total of 25 patients with ESz (Sz-EEG) were matched with 25 controls by electroencephalogram duration ± 12 hours (No-Sz-EEG). Elements of patient’s history and physical findings previously shown to be sensitive for presence of ESz were collected. Descriptive statistical analyses were used.

RESULTS:
Most patients were admitted to medical ICUs (72%; n = 36). There was no difference between groups in clinical findings previously shown to be sensitive for ESz. Positive and negative likelihood ratios for these findings generally fell between 1–2 and 0.5–1, respectively, indicating they are inaccurate predictors for ESz. Patients with ESz had significantly higher mortality (p = 0.012).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
Our matched case-control study showed that in the critically ill patient population hospitalized in tertiary care centers and admitted for non-neurologic primary diagnoses, incidence of ocular movement abnormalities, facial/periorbital twitching, and presence of remote risk factors for seizures had low predictive accuracy for ESz. However, these findings are not generalizable to patients with neurologic diseases or to other practice settings with different levels of access to cEEG. We concluded that in this exploratory analysis of hospitalized critically ill patients with non-neurologic diagnoses, these clinical signs did not reliably stratify risk for ESz on cEEG. However, further prospective studies are needed to better evaluate these conclusions.
Impacts of land-use and land-cover changes on temperature-related mortality
Authors: Orlov Anton , De Hertog Steven J. , Havermann Felix , Guo Suqi , Manola Iris , Lejeune Quentin , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Thiery Wim , Pongratz Julia , Humpenöder Florian , Popp Alexander , Aunan Kristin , Armstrong Ben , Royé Dominic , Cvijanovic Ivana , Lavigne Eric , Achilleos Souzana , Bell Michelle , Masselot Pierre , Sera Francesco , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana Maria , Gasparrini Antonio , Mistry Malcolm N. ,   Multi-Country Multi-City (MCC) Collaborative Research Network
Published: October 2024

Background:
Land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) can substantially affect climate through biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects. Here, we examine the future temperature–mortality impact for two contrasting LULCC scenarios in a background climate of low greenhouse gas concentrations. The first LULCC scenario implies a globally sustainable land use and socioeconomic development (sustainability). In the second LULCC scenario, sustainability is implemented only in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries (inequality).

Methods:
Using the Multi-Country Multi-City (MCC) dataset on mortality from 823 locations in 52 countries and territories, we estimated the temperature–mortality exposure–response functions (ERFs). The LULCC and noLULCC scenarios were implemented in three fully coupled Earth system models (ESMs): Community Earth System Model, Max Planck Institute Earth System Model, and European Consortium Earth System Model. Next, using temperature from the ESMs’ simulations and the estimated location-specific ERFs, we assessed the temperature-related impact on mortality for the LULCC and noLULCC scenarios around the mid and end century.

Results:
Under sustainability, the multimodel mean changes in excess mortality range from −1.1 to +0.6 percentage points by 2050–2059 across all locations and from −1.4 to +0.5 percentage points by 2090–2099. Under inequality, these vary from −0.7 to +0.9 percentage points by 2050–2059 and from −1.3 to +2 percentage points by 2090–2099.

Conclusions:
While an unequal socioeconomic development and unsustainable land use could increase the burden of heat-related mortality in most regions, globally sustainable land use has the potential to reduce it in some locations. However, the total (cold and heat) impact on mortality is very location specific and strongly depends on the underlying climate change scenario due to nonlinearity in the temperature–mortality relationship.