bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Development of Oleic and Linoleic Acid in High- and Normal-Oleic Virginia and Runner-Type Peanuts
Authors: Klevorn C.M. , Hendrix K.W. , Sanders T.H. , Dean L.L. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
A consistent, pure supply of high-oleic (HO) peanuts is important to certain segments of the food industry as it allows for the production of confections and other products with improved shelf-life characteristics. Peanut shellers have struggled with food industry demands for lots which contain greater than 95% high-oleic peanuts. Normal-oleic (NO) and HO cultivars of virginia and runner market type peanuts were grown during the 2012 and 2013 growing season respectively to investigate differences in fatty acid development between HO and NO peanuts. Fatty acid profiles of individual seeds from individual plants taken across the growing season were determined in relation to seed fresh weight. Fatty acid profiles of HO virginia-type seeds from the early sampling date of 78 days after planting (DAP) revealed oleic acid to linoleic acid ratios (O/L) of only 4.0 in the seeds of the greatest fresh weight. As the oleic acid concentration in many of the HO virginia-type peanuts reached 60 to 80% and the linoleic acid concentrations ranged from less than 1.0 to 10 % by the middle sampling date (106 DAP), the O/L ratios of most HO seeds were well above the industry accepted cut-off ratio of 9.0. A similar change in the fatty acids was seen in the HO runner cultivar. Increases in oleic acid and decreases in linoleic acid contents occurred in conjunction with the increased seed fresh weights. The data indicate that HO seed attain high-oleic status as physiological development progresses as seen in the changing seed fresh weight. However at the final sampling dates which corresponded to the harvest dates, O/L ratios of less than 9.0 were still present for the HO cultivars of both market types despite the fresh weight of some seeds being of potential marketable size. It was concluded that some of the perceived contamination of HO seed lots with NO seed could be the result of normal peanut development, especially in the virginia-type cultivar with the larger sized seeds.
Educator or Counselor? Navigating Uncertain Boundaries in the Clinical Environment
Authors: Lane Annette M. , Corcoran Lynn 
Published: April 2016

Background:
Nurse educators in the clinical environment experience great rewards and challenges in their work with undergraduate students. However, closely working with students can lead to the challenge of intervening with those who are emotionally distressed. How do nurse educators navigate the precarious and subtle territory between educating and counseling?

Method:
This article briefly reviews how boundaries are explored in nursing. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate how nurse educators can determine when their support and education begins to move into the counseling role. Finally, future directions for nurse educators are suggested.

Results:
Little research exists that examines how nurse educators navigate the boundaries between educator and counselor roles with students in clinical settings.

Conclusion:

Navigating between the educator and counselor roles with students experiencing emotional distress in clinical settings can be challenging for nurse educators. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(4):189–195.]
Blended Learning Versus Traditional Lecture in Introductory Nursing Pathophysiology Courses
Authors: Blissitt Andrea Marie 
Published: April 2016

Background:
Currently, many undergraduate nursing courses use blended-learning course formats with success; however, little evidence exists that supports the use of blended formats in introductory pathophysiology courses. The purpose of this study was to compare the scores on pre- and posttests and course satisfaction between traditional and blended course formats in an introductory nursing pathophysiology course.

Method:

This study used a quantitative, quasi-experimental, nonrandomized control group, pretest–posttest design. Analysis of covariance compared pre- and posttest scores, and a
t
test for independent samples compared students' reported course satisfaction of the traditional and blended course formats.

Results:
Results indicated that the differences in posttest scores were not statistically significant between groups. Students in the traditional group reported statistically significantly higher satisfaction ratings than students in the blended group.

Conclusion:

The results of this study support the need for further research of using blended learning in introductory pathophysiology courses in undergraduate baccalaureate nursing programs. Further investigation into how satisfaction is affected by course formats is needed. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(4):227–230.]
Clinical Outcomes of SMILE and FS-LASIK Used to Treat Myopia: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Shen Qin , Jia Yan , Zhou Dan , Zhou Jibo 
Published: April 2016

PURPOSE:
To assess possible differences in clinical outcomes when small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) are used to correct myopia.

METHODS:
A systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was performed using Cochrane Collaboration methodology to identify randomized controlled trials and appropriate comparative studies comparing SMILE and FS-LASIK for myopia.

RESULTS:

The authors identified 11 studies from a review of 102 articles, involving a total of 1,101 eyes, of which 532 eyes (48.32%) underwent SMILE and 569 eyes (51.68%) underwent FS-LASIK. No significant difference between the two procedures was evident in terms of final refractive spherical equivalent (
P
= .72), the proportion of eyes losing one or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity after surgery (
P
= .69), or the proportion of eyes achieving an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better (
P
= .35) and a refractive spherical equivalent within ±1.00 diopter of the target values (
P
= .70). The tear break-up time was longer in the SMILE group than the FS-LASIK group at 1 (
P
= .004) and 6 (
P
= .02) months after surgery. Corneal sensitivity was higher in the SMILE group than in the FS-LASIK group at 1 week (
P
< .00001) and 1 (
P
< .0001), 3 (
P
< .00001), and 6 (
P
< .003) months after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:
SMILE and FS-LASIK were comparable in terms of both safety and efficacy. SMILE may create fewer dry eye symptoms than FS-LASIK. Corneal sensitivity was greater after SMILE than FS-LASIK.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(4):256–265.]
Agreement Between Predicted and Measured Ablation Depth After Femtosecond Laser-Assisted LASIK for Myopia
Authors: Savini Giacomo , Cummings Arthur B. , Balducci Nicole , Barboni Piero , Huang Jinhai , Lombardo Marco , Serrao Sebastiano , Ducoli Pietro 
Published: April 2016

PURPOSE:
To investigate agreement between the predicted ablation depth calculated by the EX500 excimer laser (Wavelight Laser Technologie AG, Erlangen, Germany) and the measured ablation depth in eyes that have undergone femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) for myopia.

METHODS:
Corneal thickness was measured with a rotating Scheimpflug camera preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively and the difference between these values was defined as the measured ablation depth. The difference between the predicted and the measured ablation depth was defined as the difference in ablation depth (ΔAD).

RESULTS:

In 85 eyes of 85 patients, no statistically significant difference was detected between the mean predicted ablation depth (66.33 ± 24.15
µ
m) and the measured ablation depth at the thinnest corneal location (67.04 ± 30.94
µ
m), the corneal apex (67.52 ± 31.22
µ
m), or the pupil center (67.73 ± 31.48
µ
m). Bland–Altman plots revealed moderate agreement for measurements at the thinnest point (95% limits of agreement [LoA]: −25.13 to 23.70
µ
m), corneal apex (95% LoA: −24.70 to 22.33
µ
m), and pupil center (95% LoA: −25.30 to 22.51
µ
m), with a proportional bias between the average ablation depth and ΔAD. The predicted ablation depth was overestimated in eyes with lower correction and underestimated in eyes with higher correction.

CONCLUSIONS:
Moderate agreement between the predicted and measured ablation depth warrants caution when planning myopic FS-LASIK and calculating the residual bed thickness and percent tissue altered. When higher amounts of correction are planned, the laser software may underestimate the predicted ablation depth.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2016;32(3):164–170.]
Clinical Evaluation of Macular Thickness Changes in Cataract Surgery Using a Light-Adjustable Intraocular Lens
Authors: Hengerer Fritz H. , Müller Michael , Dick H. Burkhard , Conrad-Hengerer Ina 
Published: April 2016

PURPOSE:
To detect changes in retinal perfusion and macular thickness using fluorescein angiography and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and after implantation of a Calhoun light-adjustable intraocular lens (Calhoun Vision, Pasadena, CA) and application of profiled doses of ultraviolet light for postoperative refractive adjustments.

METHODS:
This prospective trial of non-consecutive cases comprised 125 eyes of 125 patients who had cataract surgery and light-adjustable intraocular lens implantation. OCT examinations were performed preoperatively and postoperatively before first adjustment (10 to 14 days postoperatively) and 1 week (20 to 25 days postoperatively), 1 month (6 weeks postoperatively), 3 months (4 months postoperatively), and 12 months (13 months postoperatively) after lock-in. A control group of 104 eyes was evaluated for comparison.

RESULTS:
One hundred twenty-two eyes at 12 months postoperatively were included and analyzed. Despite a general increase in macular thickness measurements overall during the first postoperative weeks, no changes to the integrity of inner segment/outer segment junction, outer nuclear layer, external limiting membrane, or retinal pigment endothelium were detected. The neuroretina returned to baseline by 3 months after surgery and there was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative measurements after 3-month thickness values.

CONCLUSIONS:
Ultraviolet light exposure for light-adjustable IOL adjustments did not influence the incidence of postoperative macular edema and did not induce any changes in the macular layers.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(4):250–254.]
Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery in a Cataractous Eye With Implantable Collamer Lens In Situ
Authors: Li Shaowei , Chen Xu , Kang Yanwei , Han Na 
Published: April 2016

PURPOSE:
To describe a 43-year-old man who presented with a nuclear cataract in the right eye after a previous collamer lens (Visian Implantable Collamer Lens [ICL]; STAAR Surgical, Monrovia, CA) implantation procedure.

METHODS:
Case report.

RESULTS:
Before the ICL was removed, femtosecond-laser-assisted capsulotomy, crystalline lens fragmentation, and limbal relaxing incisions were performed sequentially. After explantation of the ICL, the phacoemulsification procedure was performed simultaneously with intraocular lens implantation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery can be done in an eye with previous ICL implantation, but may prove to be more challenging than routine cases without an ICL in situ.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(4):270–272.]
Effect of Fluid Status at Week 12 on Visual and Anatomic Outcomes at Week 52 in the VIEW 1 and 2 Trials
Authors: Moshfeghi Darius M. , Hariprasad Seenu M. , Marx Jeffrey L. , Thompson Desmond , Soo Yuhwen , Gibson Andrea , Saroj Namrata , Vitti Robert , Heier Jeffrey S. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate effect of retinal fluid status at week 12 on visual and anatomic outcomes at week 52 in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration from the VIEW studies.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Post-hoc analysis included 1,465 eyes treated with intravitreal aflibercept (Eylea; Regeneron, Tarrytown, NY) 2 mg every 4 weeks (2q4) or every 8 weeks following three initial monthly injections (2q8) or ranibizumab (Lucentis; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) 0.5 mg every 4 weeks (Rq4), which had known retinal fluid status at weeks 12 and 52.

RESULTS:
At 12 weeks, 512 (35%) eyes had fluid and 953 (65%) were fluid-free. Two hundred three (41.5%), 148 (29.8%), and 161 (33.5%) eyes had fluid in Rq4, 2q4, and 2q8, respectively. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) change at week 52 from baseline was independent of retinal fluid status at week 12 or treatment assignment. Eyes were more likely to remain fluid-free at week 52 if absent of fluid at week 12.

CONCLUSION:
At week 52, 2q4, 2q8, and Rq4 improved BCVA independent of fluid status at week 12.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:238–244.]
Scleral Buckling in the Treatment of Retinal Detachment Due to Retinal Dialysis
Authors: Chang Jonathan S. , Marra Kyle , Flynn Harry W. , Berrocal Audina M. , Arroyo Jorge G. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To describe clinical features and outcomes of scleral buckle surgery as treatment for patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment caused by retinal dialysis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Nonrandomized, consecutive case series. All patients underwent encircling scleral buckle for retinal detachment secondary to retinal dialysis. Visual acuity (VA) and retinal attachment status were recorded for the postoperative period.

RESULTS:
The study included 16 eyes of 15 patients with mean age 25.8 years; 80% were male, and 75% of the cases were associated with trauma. Dialyses were most commonly found inferotemporally (63%). Mean preoperative VA was 20/103 and mean postoperative VA was 20/62. VA improved in nine cases, and eight cases had a VA of 20/40 or better at the last follow-up. Due to retinal re-detachment, two patients (13%) required additional surgery with vitrectomy.

CONCLUSIONS:
Retinal dialysis is an uncommon etiology for retinal detachment and is often associated with trauma and younger age. Scleral buckling can be an effective strategy in the initial management of these patients.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:336–340.]
Frequency of Skip Metastases in Oral Cancer: An Overview
Authors: Singh Ishwar , Gulati Achal , Patel Shikharani , Sakthivel Pirabu 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Globally, over 3,00,000 people are diagnosed with oral cancer every year and it is considered as 8th most common malignancy worldwide. However, there is geographical variation; oral cancer being the 3rd most common in South East Asia which is 25 per 1,00,000 per annum. In the Indian subcontinent head and neck cancer accounts for 45% of all malignancy with oral cancer being the most common, accounting for 1/3rd of all cancers. Increasing number of head and neck cancer cases is a cause of major concern as it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. If oral cancer is detected early when confined to the mucosa only, the 5 years survival exceeds 80%. However, it drops to 40% in presence of regional metastases and to 20% in the presence of distant metastases. The prognosis worsens as the growth involves proximal to distal. Current knowledge of neck node metastases with special emphasis on skip meta stases in oral cancers is discussed.

How to cite this article
Patel S, Sakthivel P, Singh I, Gulati A, Gupta D. Frequency of Skip Metastases in Oral Cancer: An Overview. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(2):80-85.
Ewing's Sarcoma of Maxilla: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Mohiyuddin Azeem , Deo Ravindra P , Sagayaraj A , jyothi Divya N , Kumar Harendra ML 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Ewing's sarcoma is a rare malignant small cell tumor occurring in the first and second decades of life and usually involving the long bones of the limb. Literature shows that less than 3% of the tumor originates in the maxillofacial region of which 1% occurs in jaw bones with higher predilection for mandible. Mean age of presentation of this tumor in bones of head and neck region is 10.9 years.
Surgery is the first line of treatment and considering the aggressive behavior of the tumor multimodality treatment is preferred to reduce recurrence rate.
Due to small number of cases affecting the jaws, there are no definite protocols in treatment of Ewing's sarcoma of maxilla.
We are presenting a case of Ewing's sarcoma of maxilla in a 60 years old patient, as it is involving a rare site and has occurred in an uncommon age group.

How to cite this article
Mohiyuddin SMA, Deo RP, Jyothi DN, Kumar HML, Sagayaraj A. Ewing's Sarcoma of Maxilla: A Rare Presentation. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(2):96-98.
Cavernous Hemangioma of the Tongue
Authors: Shah Jatin P , Petrovic Ivana , Roman Ben 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Vascular anomalies are divided into vascular tumors, hemangiomas being the most common, and vascular malformations. Most vascular anomalies are noticed at birth or occur during infancy, and generally involve skin or subcutaneous soft tissues. Adult onset hemangiomas are rare, and intramuscular location is extremely rare. Surgical excision is recommended for hemangiomas in adults, if they are symptomatic, or manifest growth.

Materials and methods
We report a rare case of a 51-year-old woman, with an intramuscular hemangioma of the tongue, presenting as a submental mass. Preoperative imaging for assessment of tumor extent was followed by a successful surgical excision.

Results
Postoperative course was uneventful with primary healing of the wound, and with no functional deficit of tongue function.

Conclusion
Although a variety of treatment approaches are reported for childhood hemangiomas, surgical excision is the preferred treatment for adult onset symptomatic hemangiomas. Preoperative work up should include imaging preferably with contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Embolization may be considered for larger lesions. Intraoperative hypotension should be avoided to ensure identification of the entire lesion to ensure complete excision.

How to cite this article
Petrovic I, Roman B, Shah JP. Cavernous Hemangioma of the Tongue. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(3):109-111.
Mycobacterium Fortuitum causing Isolated Parotid Abscess in an Immunocompetent Adult Female: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Chhapola Sunita , Matta Inita 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
We report a rare case of isolated parotid abscess due to Mycobacterium fortuitum in an immunocompetent adult female, which to the best of our knowledge (on internet search) is the first case of its type.

Methodology
Diagnosis was based on MTBDR CM assay (Hain's) culture, followed by a positive TBAg MPT64 culture for MOTT. The patient was treated with abscess drainage and antibiotics with good results. A parotidectomy was not required in our patient.

Conclusion
Mycobacterium fortuitum parotid abscess is very rare. A knowledge of the pathogenicity of this organism and careful culture methods seem to be the key of accurate diagnosis. Treatment protocols are still subject to research.

How to cite this article
Chhapola Shukla S, Matta I. Mycobacterium Fortuitum causing Isolated Parotid Abscess in an Immunocompetent Adult Female: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(3):125-127.
Congenital Isolated Agenesis of Epiglottis Presenting with Acute Life-threatening Event Successfully Managed by Temporary Supraglottic Closure and Tracheostomy
Authors: Prasad G Raghavendra 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Isolated agenesis of epiglottis is extremely rare. The exact incidence is unknown. Anecdotal presentations associated with Pierre Robbin syndrome maxillary hypoplasia have been reported. Agenesis of epiglottis has also been published in an adult. Isolated agenesis of epiglottis with acute life-threatening event (ALTE) has not been specifically dealt with in the literature. Hence, this is the report of six contiguous cohort of isolated agenesis of epiglottis with ALTE.

Materials and methods
After the first case of isolated agenesis of epiglottis was diagnosed 2 years ago, five more such cases were treated by the group. These formed the index cases of the cohort.
Decision for surgery was based on an arbitrary 3 ALTEs in 24 hours. All the patients were initially intubated. Supraglottic space was closed using interrupted unabsorbable sutures. Tracheostomy was added. At 3 to 6 months of follow-up, glottis was restored by Nd-YAG laser knife. Five out of six children are alive and thriving well. One child died before he could be actively managed.

Conclusion
Isolated agenesis of epiglottis with ALTE is extremely rare. Supraglottic closure saves lives and gives enough time for pharyngoesophageal coordination to develop.

How to cite this article
Prasad RG. Congenital Isolated Agenesis of Epiglottis Presenting with Acute Life-threatening Event Successfully Managed by Temporary Supraglottic Closure and Tracheostomy. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(1):1-3.
Voice Therapy in Muscle Tension Dysphonia Cases
Authors: Dutta Smrity Rupa Borah 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) is a condition where phonation is associated with excessive muscular tension or muscle misuse. It has multifactorial etiologies. It can be a primary or secondary MTD. While it can affect anyone, sufferers usually belong to a particular group. It has very serious impact on sufferer's personal, social and professional life.
We are presenting here, our 20 months prospective study done in the department of otorhinolaryngology, Silchar Medical College and Hospital from June 2012 to July 2013.
Voice therapy was given to every patient, whether primary or secondary MTD. Pre-therapy vs post-therapy comparisons were made of self-ratings of voice handicap index, auditoryperceptual ratings as well as visual-perceptual evaluations of laryngeal images.
Outcome of voice therapy results (Graphs 1 and 2) in such patients were found to be very good. As the disease is multifactorial, treatment approach should be broad-based involving multidisciplinary team.

Abbreviations
Vocal Cord Nodule (N), Vocal Polyp (P), Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR), Presbylaryngis (PL), Cut Throat injury (CT), Primary Muscle Tension Dysphonia (PMTD), Dysphonia Plica ventricular (DPV).

How to cite this article
Singh SP, Dutta SRB. Voice Therapy in Muscle Tension Dysphonia Cases. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(1):20-24.
Estimation of Spectral Amplitude Measures in Healthy Aged Individuals
Authors: Balasubramanium Radish Kumar , Monnappa Dhanya 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The anatomical and physiological changes in the phonatory system due to aging have a major impact on voice. Widely researched parameters of voice like fundamental frequency and the perturbation measures have strong correlation with age. However, these measures depend on the location of the exact pitch pulses and it may yield unreliable results in case of a severely aperiodic voice. Also, harmonic measures of voice in healthy aging are scanty in the literature.

Aim
The present study focused on determining the changes in harmonic-related measures in healthy aging individuals using spectral amplitude measures.

Materials and methods
The participants were classified into three groups as young, middle-aged, and elderly adults based on their age. All the participants were required to sustain three different types of vowels. Voice samples were analyzed using CSL software to obtain the spectral amplitude measures.

Results
This showed that there was a decrease in spectral amplitude measures with aging.

Discussion
Thus, suggesting that the harmonic structure of voice is not affected in healthy aged individuals. Vowel type and gender also influences the harmonic-related measures in the healthy aging population.

Conclusion
The results of the present study could be used by the voice clinicians while assessing adults with voice disorders. It will also help the clinicians in delineating the age and gender differences in the vocal parameters.

How to cite this article
Monnappa D, Balasubramanium RK. Estimation of Spectral Amplitude Measures in Healthy Aged Individuals. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(2):42-47.