bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodic Accretion-powered Flares from Colliding EMRIs as TDE Imposters
Authors: Metzger Brian D. , Stone Nicholas C. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
When a main-sequence star undergoes Roche lobe overflow onto a supermassive black hole (SMBH) in a circular extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI), a phase of steady mass transfer ensues. Over millions of years, the binary evolves to a period minimum before reversing course and migrating outward as a brown dwarf. Because the time interval between consecutive EMRIs is comparable to the mass-transfer timescale, the semimajor axes of two consecutive mass-transferring EMRIs will cross on a radial scale of less than a few au. We show that such EMRI crossing events are inevitably accompanied by a series of mildly relativistic, grazing physical collisions between the stars. Each collision strips a small quantity of mass, primarily from the more massive star, which generally increases their radial separation to set up the next collision after a delay of decades to centuries (or longer) set by further gravitational radiation. Depending on the mass of the SMBH, this interaction can result in

gas production events of mass

, thus powering a quasi-periodic sequence of SMBH accretion-powered flares over a total duration of thousands of years or longer. Although the EMRI rate is 2–3 orders of magnitude lower than the rate of tidal disruption events (TDEs), the ability of a single interacting EMRI pair to produce a large number of luminous flares—and to make more judicious use of the available stellar fuel—could make their observed rate competitive with the TDE rate, enabling them to masquerade as “TDE imposters.” Gas produced by EMRI collisions is easier to circularize than the highly eccentric debris streams produced in TDEs. We predict flares with bolometric luminosities that decay both as power laws shallower than

and as decaying exponentials in time. Viscous spreading of the gaseous disks produced by the accumulation of previous mass-stripping events will place a substantial mass of gas on radial scales

at the time of a given flare, providing a possible explanation for the “reprocessing blanket” required to explain the unexpectedly high optical luminosities of some candidate TDE flares.
Tests of Gravity Theories Using Supermassive Black Holes
Authors: Sakstein Jeremy , Jain Bhuvnesh , Heyl Jeremy S. , Hui Lam 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Scalar-tensor theories of gravity generally violate the strong equivalence principle, namely that compact objects have a suppressed coupling to the scalar force, which causes them to fall slower. A black hole is the extreme example where such a coupling vanishes, i.e., black holes have no scalar hair. We explore observational scenarios for detecting strong equivalence principle violation, focusing on galileon gravity as an example. For galaxies infalling toward galaxy clusters, the supermassive black hole can be offset from the galaxy center away from the direction of the cluster. Well-resolved images of galaxies around nearby clusters can therefore be used to identify the displaced black hole via the star cluster bound to it. We show that this signal is accessible with imaging surveys, both ongoing ones such as the Dark Energy Survey and future ground- and space-based surveys. Already, the observation of the central black hole in M 87 places new constraints on the galileon parameters, which we present here.

matter couplings are disfavored for a large region of the parameter space. We also find a novel phenomenon whereby the black hole can escape the galaxy completely in less than one billion years.
On the Magnetic Protection of the Atmosphere of Proxima Centauri b
Authors: Garcia-Sage K. , Glocer A. , Drake J. J. , Gronoff G. , Cohen O. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The discovery of exoplanets orbiting red dwarfs, such as Proxima Centauri b, has led to questions of their habitability and capacity to retain liquid surface water. While Proxima b is in a “temperate orbit,” i.e., an Earth at that location would not freeze or boil its oceans, its proximity to a parent star with quite high magnetic activity is likely to influence its atmospheric evolution and habitability. Planetary magnetic fields can prevent direct stripping away of the planetary atmosphere by the stellar wind, but ion escape can still occur at the magnetic poles. This process, the polar wind, is well known to occur at Earth and may have contributed to the habitability of Earth’s early atmosphere. The polar wind is highly variable and sensitive to both ionizing radiation and geomagnetic activity. The higher ionizing radiation levels of M dwarfs at habitable zone distances are expected to increase the polar wind by orders of magnitude and, instead of helping create a habitable atmosphere, may strip away enough volatiles to render the planet inhospitable. Here, we compute the ionospheric outflow of an Earth-twin subject to the enhanced stellar EUV flux of Proxima b, and the effect on atmospheric escape timescales. We show that an Earth-like planet would not survive the escape of its atmosphere at that location, and therefore the pathway to habitability for Proxima b requires a very different atmospheric history than that of Earth.
Non-Prescription Medicine Mobile Healthcare Application: Smartphone-Based Software Design and Development Review
Authors: Thinnukool Orawit , Khuwuthyakorn Pattaraporn , Wientong Purida 
Published: July 2017

<p class="0abstract">The challenge of this research is to answer the question of what the real need of users regarding the development of a smartphone-based software for healthcare application. This study aimed to develop the non-prescription drugs mobile health application (NMMHA) to support users in the initial medication. The application has been released to evaluate tested its usability and acceptance. To ensure the NMMHA is going to perform well, a survey has been conducted to collect data about the opinions of two groups of responders (pharmacists and general people). An attitude test and statistical analysis have also been accomplished for both groups to determine the differentiation between the two groups. The impressive results indicate that the group of general peoples tend to use the application more than the group of pharmacists, whereas the overall attitude test results of the two groups are not different. </p>
Here, There, and Anywhere? Arguments for and against the Physical Plasma Cell Survival Niche
Authors: Wilmore Joel R. , Allman David 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
To maintain Ab titers, individual plasma cells must survive for extended periods, perhaps even for the life of the host. Although it is clear that plasma cell survival requires cell extrinsic signals, the nature and source of these signals remains open for debate. It is commonly postulated that plasma cells only gain access to these signals within specialized regulatory microenvironments, or niches, in the bone marrow or in the gut. In this review we discuss current concepts and information surrounding plasma cell survival niches, and consider two opposing models to explain long-term serologic immunity.
Application of game theory and new institutional economics in establishing a National Voluntary Organisation for Professional Evaluation in Nigeria
Authors: Jobin Denis , Lawal Zachary 
Published: July 2017

Background: In Nigeria, there is a plethora of evaluators found in the over 90 universities, specialised educational institutions and private research organisations. However, there is limited or no opportunity for networking among the evaluators from similar and different programmatic specialisations. After applying the determinant framework to assess the evaluation capacity development situation in Nigeria, we agree on the importance of supporting the establishment of a National Voluntary Organisation for Professional Evaluation (VOPE).Objectives: Several leaders in evaluation were competing recently for occupying the national space reserved for a National VOPE. The main objective was to encourage partnership.Methods: We used a powerful theoretical framework provided by game theory and new institutional economics. We analysed the situation and identified the challenge they are facing as a Nash Equilibrium-of-a-Game View of Institutions: each player knows the equilibrium strategies of the other players and no player has anything to gain by changing only his or her own strategy. This explains why Nigerian evaluation leaders were not able to cooperate for the last two decades.Results and conclusion: To break this barrier, we proposed a new deal to the leaders that had the advantages of reshaping the ‘rules of the game’. We proposed a federation of associations, akin to a coalition in game theory. The result was that all leaders came together under this umbrella organisation, to celebrate the evaluation year in 2015 and committed under the Abuja Declaration on Evaluation to register and establish an association, with an elected board, a written constitution and election bylaws. The association is governed by a Board of Trustees, which is chaired by the former Minister of Planning. Elections are planned for the end of 2017.
The study of theology and religion at the University of Pretoria: Two epochs of endeavor
Authors: Krüger J.S. 
Published: July 2017

This article explores the possibility of an alignment of (a) theology (understood as study concentrating on one faith from the faith suppositions of that faith) and (b) a study of world religions, open to all regardless of faith in the context of an encompassing theory. This article argues that far from undermining the dignity and value of any religion, (b) could add value to the theological study of any one religion. This article proceeds to develop a model for (b). Utilising a methodology revolving around the strategies of careful historical criticism, faithful intentional understanding and imaginative yet trustworthy tendentional interpretation, this article explores a model harmonising the key concepts of metaphysical mysticism (understood as the peak of religious aspiration), conditionality (emphasising the unique singularity of individual religions), totality (emphasising the religious landscape as one coherent whole) and horizon (emphasising the non-absoluteness of all religions, petering out on, and arising from, silence).
Healing as transformation and restoration: A ritual-liturgical exploration
Authors: Scott Hilton , Wepener Casparus J. 
Published: July 2017

Illness is a reality that affects all people, and healing is the main reason why people attend worship services in sub-Saharan Africa. According to the Ritual Studies scholar Ronald Grimes, illness is a social reality; it is socially imagined and constructed. Healing in the church is something that many believers experience, also in the context of worship and liturgy. In order to explore such healing as it occurs in liturgy a research project was undertaken making use of both empirical work and a literature study. The aim of this research was to take the light off of direct pastoral care and investigate how the liturgy affects individuals within the congregation with regard to healing. A praxis-theory cycle was followed in the research, and a preliminary liturgical theory for praxis was developed based on the insight from the empirical study and ritual theory that healing through worship entails either transformation or reconciliation.
Researching non-formal religious education: The example of the European study on confirmation work
Authors: Schweitzer Friedrich 
Published: July 2017

This article discusses the need for researching non-formal religious education as a neglected field of empirical research in religious education. By describing the growing awareness of the theological and educational meaning and importance of non-formal education and by reviewing the literature on research in religious education which appears to be focused somewhat one-sidedly on the formal context of the school and of the school subject of Religious Education, the author creates a background for the presentation of current research on confirmation work in Europe. The author gives an overview on a more than 10-year-long project on confirmation work in nine European countries, with an emphasis on the research design, methods, and main results. The experiences from this project are then discussed from the perspective of research on non-formal religious education. Finally, the author considers implications of this research for religious education and practical theology in general.
Ichnology of the Devonian (Emsian) Campbellton Formation, New Brunswick, Canada
Authors: King Olivia Anne , Miller Randall F. , Stimson Matt Ryan 
Published: July 2017

The Campbellton Formation has long been known to yield a fossil assemblage of Devonian (Emsian) fish and eurypterids at its westernmost exposure near Campbellton and Atholville, and a well described flora and early land animal fauna toward its easternmost exposure near Dalhousie Junction. Although the body fossil assemblage (paleobotany, vertebrate and invertebrate paleontology), paleoecology and paleoenvironmental context of the formation have been extensively studied, ichnofossils are rare and have not been described previously. Fossils from the vertebrate and eurypterid bearing ‘Atholville Beds’ contain a low diversity ichnofossil assemblage represented by three ichnotaxa:Monomorphichnus, ?Taenidium and Helminthoidichnites. Monomorphichnus is proposed here as being produced by the produced by the activity of the eurypterid Pterygotus anglicus.
Tracking rapid landscape change with repeated photography, Gros Morne National Park, Canada
Authors: Berger Antony 
Published: July 2017

At various coastal and inland sites in and around Gros Morne National Park in western Newfoundland, photographs taken periodically over many decades illustrate the physical stability of landforms. ἀese images provide a convenient, qualitative way to track the development of stone rings and patterned ground, the movement of rocks along intertidal platforms, changes to marine estuaries and to alluvial rivers and fans, temporal trends in late-lying snow beds along mountain tops, and slope failure by landslides and rock falls. ἀis study has established a spatial and temporal photographic record of slope failures along the steep cliḀs of Western Brook Pond, showing that nearly all of the sites identiᴀed in earlier studies as high risk of failure have remained stable. In contrast, thin-skinned landslides along Winter House Brook have remained active for at least 100 years. Little evidence of physical changes in patterned ground features in Trout River Gulch was found, other than frost-heaving in soils disturbed by road construction. Fluctuations from year to year in the level of gravel beaches along parts of the coast are common, and blow-outs continue to modify coastal sand dunes. Apart from certain engineered sites where change was obviously driven by direct human activities, the immediate cause or “driver” of change was natural (non-human), the result of gravitational instability, heavy precipitation, wave and storm action, frost heaving, and other background processes of the sort that long pre-date the coming of people to the region. Continuation of this kind of inexpensive, non-invasive monitoring can assist in assessing ecological integrity, managing public safety, and interpreting landscape processes for Park visitors.
La notoriedad política en los candidatos que usan Twitter. Un ejercicio de clusterización durante las elecciones municipales en Chile (2016)
Authors: Jara René , Faure Antoine , Beltrán Jarnishs , Castro Gonzalo 
Published: July 2017

En este artículo, estudiamos la relación que existe entre el uso de Twitter y la notoriedad política de los candidatos a alcalde durante las elecciones municipales de octubre del 2016 en Chile. Metodología. Por medio de un método de clusterización, agrupamos candidatos según las características individuales (edad, sexo y diploma), políticas (incumbencia, patrocinio y orientación política) y su uso relativo de Twitter por comuna (tweets, retweets, favoritos). Resultados. Constatamos que la clusterización ordena a los candidatos según un eje notoriedad política / uso de Twitter. En este sentido, vemos que el perfil político es lo que permite agrupar a los usos de Twitter de los candidatos de mejor forma. Conclusiones. Al nivel local, donde el espectro de candidatos es más amplio, el uso de Twitter refuerza la diferencia entre candidatos con más o menos notoriedad política. Esto contradice la idea de que recurrir a Twitter podría ser una alternativa para aquellos candidatos con una menor notoriedad política.
Pierre Menard vai à web: notas sobre a escrita não-criativa na contemporaneidade
Authors: De Oliveira Sayonara Amaral 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-9288.2016v12n2p124Neste artigo, discute-se as práticas literárias contemporâneas de apropriação e colagem textuais, disseminadas no espaço da internet. Compreende-se que essas práticas, ao elegerem uma escrita deliberadamente desprovida de criatividade e de originalidade, suscitam a reavaliação dos conceitos tradicionais de autoria e de criação no campo da literatura. Na reflexão desenvolvida, são abordadas as propostas estéticas veiculadas por dois sites em atividade na rede: poesia do google e MixLit – O DJ da Literatura. Considera-se que os exercícios de escrita não-criativa elaborados nessas propostas podem ser lidos como uma resposta afirmativa da literatura do século XXI às transformações estéticas e culturais experimentadas em tempos de mídias digitais.
Resenha do livro "História da Ciência e Ensino: Fontes primárias e propostas para sala de aula" de Ana Paula Bispo da Silva e Andreia Guerra (Orgs.)
Authors: Vitor Fernanda Cavalcanti 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7941.2016v33n1p320Resenha do livro "História da Ciência e Ensino: Fontes primárias e propostas para sala de aula" de Ana Paula Bispo da Silva e Andreia Guerra (Orgs.)Editora Livraria da Física, São Paulo, 2015, 1a ed., 287 p.ISBN: 978-85-7861-334-1
Eficácia sem razão [da matemática]
Authors: Tonidandel Danny Augusto Vieira 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7941.2016v33n2p399 Em 2003, o matemático Americano Alex Kasman (2003) escreveu um belo conto de “ficção matemática” intitulado “Unreasonable Effectiveness”, uma das várias respostas existentes ao clássico artigo de Wigner (1960) “The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences”. Na versão de Kasman, uma pesquisadora acaba, acidentalmente, descobrindo a resposta para a questão de como uma nova teoria encontra, em algum momento, uma utilidade prática na ciência. Isto é, como resultados abstratos, construídos sem quaisquer alicerces no “mundo real”, acabam se tornando tão úteis, mesmo em áreas completamente diversas? Neste artigo é proposta uma tradução comentada deste delicioso ensaio, tanto como proposta não convencional de experiência didática quanto uma reflexão sobre os rumos do desenvolvimento científico, propiciados pela Matemática e Física. Como objetivo secundário, procura-se trabalhar a motivação do estudante na busca por soluções não triviais para problemas científicos e filosóficos.
1, 2, 3 Gravando: registrando o áudio com qualidade em sala de aula
Authors: Bellucco Alex , Cordeiro Marcondes David William 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7941.2016v33n2p641 O registro do áudio com qualidade aceitável em videogravações, que serão usadas nas pesquisas sobre os processos de ensino-aprendizagem em sala de aula, apresenta-se como um grande obstáculo à pesquisa em educação. Nesse trabalho, apresentamos um aparatado que visa minimizar essa dificuldade – o microfone boundary baseado no microfone de zona de pressão Crow (PZM). Descrevemos como construí-lo, além disso, explicamos ainda como montar um pré-amplificador para ampliar o sinal do microfone e, também, uma fonte regulada para prover a alimentação desses aparatos. As gravações obtidas com esses equipamentos apresentam uma qualidade bastante superior às obtidas com os microfones convencionais, potencializando as investigações que se valem desse tipo de registro.
O experimento virtual da dupla fenda ao nível de ensino médio (Parte I): uma análise clássica do comportamento corpuscular e ondulatório e o desenvolvimento de um software computacional
Authors: Ferreira Danilo Cardoso , De Souza Filho Moacir Pereira 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7941.2016v33n2p697 Nosso trabalho analisa o experimento virtual da dupla fenda e está dividido em duas partes: a Parte I (o presente artigo) tratará da análise clássica do comportamento (corpuscular e ondulatório) e a Parte II (trabalho futuro) abordará o comportamento quântico da luz (fótons). Inicialmente, analisaremos uma metralhadora, que dispara balas (corpúsculos) em uma parede com dois orifícios separados por uma longa distância, tendo ao fundo um anteparo no qual será possível verificar a chegada dos projéteis. Neste caso, nada de estranho ocorre e a probabilidade de chegada de uma partícula ao passar pelos dois orifícios é a simples soma das probabilidades dos projéteis passar por cada orifício separadamente. Mostraremos isso numa análise de probabilidades simples ao nível do ensino médio. Em seguida, analisaremos o comportamento ondulatório (ondas de água, por exemplo) do experimento da dupla fenda. Para isso, inicialmente, faremos uma breve revisão do conceito de interferência (construtiva e destrutiva) com o auxílio de experimentos virtuais. A análise mostra que as somas das intensidades com os dois orifícios abertos difere de um fator de interferência. Finalmente, para finalizar esta parte do trabalho, vamos ilustrar este artigo com um software desenvolvido por um grupo de alunos para realização do experimento virtual da dupla fenda com corpúsculos.
Astronomia nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: uma parceria entre universidade e escola
Authors: Barai Alexandre , Carvalho Neto João Teles de , Garrido Douglas , Ityanagui Gustavo , Navi Matheus 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7941.2016v33n3p1009 Este trabalho descreve a experiência de interação e parceria entre uma escola e um dos campi da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), ambos localizados em Araras-SP, com o objetivo de ensinar e divulgar conhecimentos de astronomia e astronáutica entre alunos dos cinco primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental. Esta iniciativa utilizou-se da Olimpíada Brasileira de Astronomia e Astronáutica como evento motivador para a exploração do tema. As ações foram divididas em duas frentes: um curso de aperfeiçoamento para professores da escola realizado por professores da universidade e palestras ministradas para os alunos por estudantes da UFSCar sob orientação dos professores da universidade e dos coordenadores da escola. Dos resultados observados, constatamos a importância do estreitamento da distância escola-universidade, promovendo ações de aprendizagem para ambos e ajudando a elevar o nível de ensino desde o infantil ao superior.
Longitudinal Study of Changes in Occupational Therapy Students’ Perspectives on Frames of Reference
Authors: Nash Brittany Hoffer , Mitchell Anita Witt 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We explored students’ views of the value of frames of reference (FoR) as they progressed through the didactic portion of an occupational therapy program. Thirty-four occupational therapy students were provided with a definition of FoR and asked to provide overall thoughts and impressions about FoR and their value 4 times over a period of 15 mo. Data were analyzed using phenomenological traditions, including open coding and analysis of themes. Throughout the program, students’ understanding of how to use FoR evolved as they learned to implement them in practice. Opinions of the use of FoR seemed to be influenced by the students’ perceptions of the use of FoR by their Level I fieldwork supervisors. Themes from the narrative data are described and their implications discussed.