bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing sialocele or salivary fistula formation postparotidectomy
Authors: Britt Christopher J. , Stein Andrew P. , Gessert Thomas , Pflum Zach , Saha Sandeep , Hartig Gregory K. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundDoes the extent of parotidectomy or other patient or tumor characteristics influence the rate of sialocele/salivary fistula formation?MethodsAll patients who underwent parotidectomy at the University of Wisconsin from 1994 to 2013 were considered. Patients who developed a sialocele/salivary fistula were identified. Extent of dissection, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), volume of specimen, and rate of malignancy were examined.ResultsSeventy of 771 patients (9.1%) developed a sialocele/salivary fistula. Sixty‐seven fistulae (96%) developed within 1 month and all resolved by 6 months. Age, sex, pathology, and BMI were not increased in the sialocele group. Inferior and middle superficial parotidectomy had a significantly higher rate of sialocele than other extents of dissection. Volume of tissue removed was not significantly different between dissection groups.ConclusionSialocele/salivary fistula is common postparotidectomy and is more likely with inferior and middle superficial parotidectomy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 387–391, 2017
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BREAST‐FEEDING, CO‐SLEEPING, AND SOMATIC COMPLAINTS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
Authors: Peters Elisabeth Maria , Lusher Joanne Marie , Banbury Samantha , Chandler Chris 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe central aim of this study was to expand a limited body of knowledge on the complex relationship between breast‐feeding, co‐sleeping, and somatic complaints in early childhood. An opportunity sample of 98 parents from the general population with children aged 18 to 60 months consented to participate in the study. Each parent completed a series of questionnaires measuring somatic complaints, sleep problems, co‐sleeping, breast‐feeding, and demographic factors. Findings indicated that co‐sleeping was associated with increased somatic complaints and that breast‐feeding associated with decreased somatic complaints. Co‐sleeping also was found to be associated with an increase in sleep problems. Boys demonstrated significantly higher levels of sleep problems than did girls. These findings highlight the relationship between co‐sleeping during early childhood, which could have implications for prevention, treatment, and intervention regarding somatic complaints and sleep problems in early childhood.
Vitamin E mitigates cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity due to reversal of oxidative/nitrosative stress, suppression of inflammation and reduction of total renal platinum accumulation
Authors: Darwish Mostafa A. , Abo‐Youssef Amira M. , Khalaf Marwa M. , Abo‐Saif Ali A. , Saleh Ibrahim G. , Abdelghany Tamer M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCisplatin (CP) is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents. Unfortunately, CP‐induced nephrotoxicity hampered its use. This study aims to investigate the effect of vitamin E (Vit E) on CP‐induced nephrotoxicity. Male white albino rats were divided to four group's six rats each and received either, 1% tween 80 in normal saline or Vit E (75 mg/kg) per day for 14 consecutive days or a single injection of CP (6 mg/kg) alone or CP (6 mg/kg) together with Vit E (75 mg/kg per day for 14 consecutive days). Five days after the CP injection, rats were euthanized; blood samples were collected; kidneys were dissected; and biochemical, immunohistochemical, and histological examinations were performed. Our results revealed that CP treatment significantly increased serum levels of creatinine and urea. Moreover, reduced glutathione (GSH) content as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly reduced with concurrent increase in kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) content following CP treatment. Vit E successfully lowered serum levels of urea and creatinine, enhanced creatinine clearance and diuresis, and normalized relative kidney/body weight. Furthermore, Vit E successfully normalized renal MDA and nitrite concentrations, elevated GSH level, and restored CAT and SOD activities in renal tissues. Histopathological examination of rat kidney revealed that Vit E significantly mitigated CP‐induced renal damage. Importantly, administration of Vit E reduced kidney total platinum concentration indicating a role of platinum renal accumulation on the ability of Vit E to protect against CP nephrotoxicity.
Effects of Cognitive Distortions on the Link Between Dating Violence Exposure and Substance Problems in Clinically Hospitalized Youth
Authors: Miller Adam Bryant , Williams Caitlin , Day Catherine , Esposito‐Smythers Christianne 
Published: August 2016

PurposeThe purpose of the present study was to examine whether cognitive distortions (e.g., cognitive errors; negative views of self, world, and future) influence the association between dating violence and problematic substance use behaviors in a sample of psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents.MethodParticipants included 155 adolescents, aged 13–17 years, who had initiated dating. Adolescents completed measures of dating violence, substance‐related problems (alcohol and marijuana), and cognitive distortions.ResultsLogistic regressions were conducted to examine the direct and interactive effects of dating violence exposure and cognitive distortions on likelihood of recent problematic substance use. Results suggested a main effect of dating violence on problematic alcohol and other drug use as well as an interactive effect of dating violence and cognitive distortions. Specifically, the relationship between dating violence and odds of substance‐related problems was higher among those with greater (vs. fewer) cognitive distortions.ConclusionStudy results suggest the need for careful screening of cognitive distortions among adolescent dating violence victims, particularly those in mental health treatment.
Suspects' consistency in statements concerning two events when different question formats are used
Authors: Deeb Haneen , Vrij Aldert , Hope Lorraine , Mann Samantha , Granhag Pär‐Anders , Lancaster Gary L. J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractLie detection research has typically focused on reports about a single event. However, in many forensic and security contexts, suspects are likely to report on several events, some of them may be untruthful. This presents interviewers with the challenge of detecting which reports are true and which are not. Varying question format in a second interview, we examined differences in liars' and truth‐tellers' statement consistency about two events. One hundred and fifty participants viewed a meeting in which a noncritical and a critical event were discussed. Truth‐tellers were instructed to be honest in their reports about both events, whereas liars had to lie about the critical event. In the first interview, all participants provided a free recall account. In a second interview, participants either gave another free recall account or responded to specific questions presented sequentially (concerning one event at a time) or nonsequentially (concerning both events simultaneously). Liars' accounts featured fewer repetitions than truth‐tellers for both events, particularly in response to questions presented in nonsequential order. The implications for the use of this question format are discussed.
Improvement of erythema dyschromicum perstans using a combination of the 1,550‐nm erbium‐doped fractionated laser and topical tacrolimus ointment
Authors: Wolfshohl Jon A. , Geddes Elizabeth R.C. , Stout Ashlyn B. , Friedman Paul M. 
Published: August 2016

Background and ObjectiveErythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP) is a cosmetically distressing, acquired pigmentary disorder of unknown etiology for which few successful therapies exist. Herein, we present the successful use of non‐ablative fractional photothermolysis in combination with topical tacrolimus ointment.Study Design/Patients and MethodsA 35‐year‐old female with biopsy‐confirmed EDP underwent a series of fractionated non‐ablative treatment sessions utilizing the 1,550 nm erbium‐doped fiber laser in combination with topical tacrolimus ointment over a period of 5 months.ResultsThe patient's EDP improved by greater than 75% and results were maintained at the 8‐month follow‐up visit.ConclusionThe combination of non‐ablative fractional photothermolysis and topical tacrolimus ointment is a potential safe and effective therapeutic option for erythema dyschromicum perstans. Additional prospective, comparative studies are warranted. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:60–62, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using synchrotron X‐ray phase‐contrast micro‐computed tomography to study tissue damage by laser irradiation
Authors: Robinson Alan M. , Stock Stuart R. , Soriano Carmen , Xiao Xianghui , Richter Claus‐Peter 
Published: August 2016

Background and ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine if X‐ray micro‐computed tomography could be used to locate and characterize tissue damage caused by laser irradiation and to describe its advantages over classical histology for this application.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA surgical CO2 laser, operated in single pulse mode (100 milliseconds) at different power settings, was used to ablate different types of cadaveric animal tissues. Tissue samples were then harvested and imaged with synchrotron X‐ray phase‐contrast and micro‐computed tomography to generate stacks of virtual sections of the tissues. Subsequently, Fiji (ImageJ) software was used to locate tissue damage, then to quantify volumes of laser ablation cones and thermal coagulation damage from 3D renderings of tissue image stacks. Visual comparisons of tissue structures in X‐ray images with those visible by classic light microscopy histology were made.ResultsWe demonstrated that micro‐computed tomography could be used to rapidly identify areas of surgical laser ablation, vacuolization, carbonization, and thermally coagulated tissue. Quantification and comparison of the ablation crater, which represents the volume of ablated tissue, and the thermal coagulation zone volumes were performed faster than we could by classical histology. We demonstrated that these procedures can be performed on fresh hydrated and non‐sectioned plastic embedded tissue.ConclusionWe demonstrated that the application of non‐destructive micro‐computed tomography to the visualization and analysis of laser induced tissue damage without tissue sectioning is possible. This will improve evaluation of new surgical lasers and their corresponding effect on tissues. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:866–877, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of a novel device, high‐intensity focused ultrasound with a contact cooling for subcutaneous fat reduction
Authors: Lee Heun Joo , Lee Mi‐Hye , Lee Su Gun , Yeo Un‐Cheol , Chang Sung Eun 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundNon‐invasive devices for fat reduction involving high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) are attracting attention. HIFU can deliver energy to the desired depth and can ablate subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), but purpura and pain may still limit its use.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a novel HIFU device for fat destruction with a contact cooling system compared to HIFU without contact cooling.MethodsA group of three pigs were administered a series of four HIFU treatments with or without contact cooling over a period of 12 weeks. Energy fluence parameters ranged from 60 to 300 J/cm2. Immediately after the treatment and at 1, 4, and 12 weeks, the tissue was studied by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson‐trichrome, toluidine blue, CD68 staining, and transmission electron microscopy. Three human volunteers also received treatment with this HIFU device with cooling and were evaluated subjectively and objectively by computed tomography (CT).ResultsHIFU treatment with a contact cooling decreased the skin surface temperature and prevented epidermal damage. Ecchymosis was observed on the non‐cooled area immediately after HIFU treatment, but not on the cooled area. Histological analyses on both areas (cooled and non‐cooled) revealed disrupted adipocytes in the treatment area immediately, at 1 and 4 weeks following treatment. Lipophagic histiocytic fat necrosis was evident at 4 weeks. Finally, at 12 weeks all inflammation subsided, and the lobules were markedly atrophied with reduced SAT thickness. The human volunteers experienced reduction of a few centimeter‐range reduction in waist circumference after 4 weeks and pain was tolerable without bruising.ConclusionsHIFU treatment with a cooling system efficiently destroyed adipocytes. This novel HIFU device with an added contact cooling system may provide an effective, safe and less painful treatment as a non‐invasive device for fat reduction. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:878–886, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Durable, Washable, and Flexible Conductive PET Fabrics Designed by Fiber Interfacial Molecular Engineering
Authors: Liu Xuqing , Guo Ruisheng , Shi Yuxi , Deng Libo , Li Yi 
Published: August 2016

Conductive fibers and fabrics are an essential part of wearable electronics and devices. How to fabricate durable conductive substrate is still a huge challenge to the application and commercialization of wearable electronics. Here an effective and economic process to obtain conductive yarns and fabrics localized copper plating onto synthesized polymers: poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is reported. The active interface is created via plasma treatment to generate active chemical groups on PET substrate, which react with atomic transfer radical polymerization initiator for the following polymerization. The Pd ion entrapped by polymer brushes are then reduced in situ and the Pd0 species act as a catalytic seed layer for following electroless copper nanoparticles growth on the active interface. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy are used to characterize the samples in this process, and the copper loading is quantified by weight. The morphology and composition analysis shows that the copper coating on PET fabrics is compact and continuous, which leads to excellent electronic conductivity. The copper coating obtained in this polymer brushes bridged process can pass through the hand washing challenge, and shows excellent adhesion with PET substrate.image
In vivo diffusion‐tensor MRI of the human heart on a 3 tesla clinical scanner: An optimized second order (M2) motion compensated diffusion‐preparation approach
Authors: Nguyen Christopher , Fan Zhaoyang , Xie Yibin , Pang Jianing , Speier Peter , Bi Xiaoming , Kobashigawa Jon , Li Debiao 
Published: August 2016

PurposeTo optimize a diffusion‐prepared balanced steady‐state free precession cardiac MRI (CMR) technique to perform diffusion‐tensor CMR (DT‐CMR) in humans on a 3 Tesla clinical scannerMethodsA previously developed second order motion compensated (M2) diffusion‐preparation scheme was significantly shortened (40%) yielding sufficient signal‐to‐noise ratio for DT‐CMR imaging. In 20 healthy volunteers and 3 heart failure (HF) patients, DT‐CMR was performed comparing no motion compensation (M0), first order motion compensation (M1), and the optimized M2. Mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), helix angle (HA), and HA transmural slope (HATS) were calculated. Reproducibility and success rate (SR) were investigated.ResultsM2‐derived left ventricular (LV) MD, FA, and HATS (1.4 ± 0.2 μm2/ms, 0.28 ± 0.06, −1.0 ± 0.2 °/%trans) were significantly (P < 0.001) less than M1 (1.8 ± 0.3 μm2/ms, 0.46 ± 0.14, −0.1 ± 0.3 °/%trans) and M0 (4.8 ± 1.0 μm2/ms, 0.70 ± 0.14, 0.1 ± 0.3 °/%trans) indicating less motion corruption and yielding values more consistent with previous literature. M2‐derived DT‐CMR parameters had higher reproducible (ICC > 0.85) and SR (82%) than M1 (ICC = 0.20–0.85; SR = 37%) and M0 (ICC = 0.20–0.30; SR = 11%). M2 DT‐CMR was able to yield HA maps with smooth transmural transition from endocardium to epicardium.ConclusionThe proposed M2 DT‐CMR reproducibly yielded bulk motion robust estimations of mean LV MD, FA, HA, and HATS on a 3T clinical scanner. Magn Reson Med 76:1354–1363, 2016. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Particle‐scale effects on global axial and torsional interface shear behavior
Authors: Martinez A. , Frost J.D. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryAn extensive literature on the shear behavior of continuum–particulate interfaces has been developed during the last four decades. However, relatively limited work regarding the behavior of interfaces under different loading conditions has been published. This paper presents a discrete element modeling study, along with comparisons from experimental data, of interface behavior under axial and torsional drained loading conditions. Detailed studies allow for links between micro‐scale particle behavior and observed global response to be developed and for the latter to be evaluated in light of particle–particle and particle–continuum interactions. The results of this study indicate that axial and torsional interface shear induce inherently different loading conditions, as shown by the different failure envelopes, stress paths, and induced soil volume changes and deformations. Furthermore, the results presented in this paper indicate that particle‐level mechanisms, such as particle rotations and contact slippage, play different roles in axial and torsional shear. Coordination number, polar histograms, particle displacements, particle rotations, and local void ratio measurements provide further insights into the fabric evolution, loading conditions, and failure mechanisms induced by these two shear modes. This study expands the current understanding of interface behavior and discusses potential improvements to geotechnical systems that leverage the characteristics of different imposed loading conditions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Convergence of a transition probability tensor of a higher‐order Markov chain to the stationary probability vector
Authors: Bozorgmanesh Hassan , Hajarian Masoud 
Published: August 2016

SummaryIn this paper, first we introduce a new tensor product for a transition probability tensor originating from a higher‐order Markov chain. Subsequently, some properties of the new tensor product are explained, and its relationship with the stationary probability vector is studied. Also, similarity between results obtained by this new product and the first‐order case is shown. Furthermore, we prove the convergence of a transition probability tensor to the stationary probability vector. Finally, we show how to achieve a stationary probability vector with some numerical examples and make some comparison between the proposed method and another existing method for obtaining stationary probability vectors. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regional lung ventilation pattern in preschool children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia is modified by bronchodilator response
Authors: Durlak Wojciech , Klimek Małgorzata , Kwinta Przemko 
Published: August 2016

SummaryBackgroundBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a significant long‐term complication of prematurity. A standardized method of pulmonary function testing is still not available in preschool children with BPD. We investigated the feasibility of Electrical Impedance Segmentography (EIS) monitoring in this group and the impact of bronchodilator response (BDR) to salbutamol on the pattern of lung ventilation.MethodsWe conducted a follow‐up study of 4‐year‐old premature children who had been treated in the tertiary NICU. The cohort was divided into two groups based on the presence of BPD. EIS monitoring was performed before and 15 min after the administration of 400 µg of salbutamol (pMDI with spacer) in all subjects during spontaneous tidal breathing in upright position. Data were expressed as median segmental impedance amplitude differences and segmental ventilation inhomogeneity index (II) changes.ResultsWe included 51 children in our analysis: 33 with BPD (median birth weight—840 g; median gestational age—27 weeks) and 18 without BPD (1,290 g; 30 weeks, respectively). There was a significant increase in median segmental impedance amplitude after salbutamol in gravity non‐dependent segments in children with BPD: upper left (UL): 462 versus 534 AU; (P = 0.003); upper right (UR): 481 versus 595 AU (P < 0.001) and II in these segments: UL: 0.046 versus 0.078 (P = 0.003) UR: 0.049 versus 0.064 (P = 0.006). There were no changes in the lower segments. There were no changes in ventilation pattern in children without BPD.ConclusionBDR to salbutamol increases breath amplitude in gravity non‐dependent segments of the lungs during spontaneous tidal breathing in preschool children with BPD. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:353–359. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Graphene under direct compression: Stress effects and interlayer coupling
Authors: del Corro Elena , Peña‐Álvarez Miriam , Mračko Michal , Kolman Radek , Kalbáč Martin , Kavan Ladislav , Frank Otakar 
Published: August 2016

In this work we explore mechanical properties of graphene samples of variable thickness. For this purpose, we coupled a high pressure sapphire anvil cell to a microRaman spectrometer. From the evolution of the G band frequency with stress, we document the importance the substrate has on the mechanical response of graphene. On the other hand, the appearance of disorder as a consequence of the stress treatment has a negligible effect on the high stress behavior of graphene.Isotopic labeled twisted bilayer graphene under compression characterized by Raman spectroscopy.
How different is pyrimidine as a core component of DNA base from its diazine isomers: A DFT study?
Authors: Chatterjee Subhojyoti , Wang Feng 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRecent photoemission spectroscopic (X‐ray photoemission spectra) study revealed less dramatic chemical changes for pyrimidine (PyM, 1, 3‐diazine) with in its ionization potential. Present systematic study using density functional theory calculations shows that PyM is indeed quite different from its diazine isomers (PyD, 1, 2‐diazine and PyA, 1, 4‐diazine). It is discovered that the most stable isomer PyM is relaxed from C2V to C1 point symmetry with a total electronic energy deduction of −15.86 kcal.mol−1. Although not substantial, PyM has the smallest molecule shape (electronic spatial extent) and the largest HOMO‐LUMO energy gap of 5.65 eV; only one absorption band in the region of 200–300 nm of the UV‐Vis spectrum but three clusters of chemical shift in the carbon and hydrogen NMR spectra. The energy decomposition analyses revealed that the interaction energy (ΔEInt) of PyM is preferred over PyA by 4.08 kcal.mol−1 and over PyD by 22.32 kcal.mol−1, with the preferred NCN bond revealed by graph theory.