bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Lithium‐Ion Battery Performance with Photoactive LiFePO4/CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots Composite Cathodes
Authors: Cui Can , Pang Beili , Jin Yishu , Zhu Hongzheng , Dong Hongzhou , Shang Mingwei , Yu Liyan , Dong Lifeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe advancement of photo‐assisted lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) relies on developing suitable photoactive Li+ storage materials and understanding their energy storage/conversion mechanisms. A novel composite material, LiFePO4/CsPbBr3 quantum dots (LFP/CPB QDs) is presented, created by embedding CPB QDs onto LFP nanoparticles. This composite exhibits dual functionalities of photoelectric conversion and storage in LIBs. Under simulated light, the composite demonstrated significant enhancements in charge and discharge capacities, with increases of 16.8% and 16.4% at 3C, respectively. Remarkably, the coulombic efficiency exceeded 100%, reaching 115.2% when charged in the dark and discharge under light. The LFP/CPB QDs cathode also maintained 93.9% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.5C. Analyses with synchronous‐illumination X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed photo‐induced charge transfer at the composite interface. Under sunlight, CPB QDs transfer photogenerated electrons to LFP, promoting the transition of Fe3+ to Fe2+ and enhancing Li+ reaction kinetics. These findings offer valuable insights for designing electrode materials for photo‐assisted battery applications.
In Vivo Optogenetics Based on Heavy Metal‐Free Photon Upconversion Nanoparticles
Authors: Uji Masanori , Kondo Jumpei , Hara‐Miyauchi Chikako , Akimoto Saori , Haruki Rena , Sasaki Yoichi , Kimizuka Nobuo , Ajioka Itsuki , Yanai Nobuhiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhoton upconversion (UC) from red or near‐infrared (NIR) light to blue light is promising for in vivo optogenetics. However, the examples of in vivo optogenetics have been limited to lanthanide inorganic UC nanoparticles, and there have been no examples of optogenetics without using heavy metals. Here the first example of in vivo optogenetics using biocompatible heavy metal‐free TTA‐UC nanoemulsions is shown. A new organic TADF sensitizer, a boron difluoride curcuminoid derivative modified with a bromo group, can promote intersystem crossing to the excited triplet state, significantly improving TTA‐UC efficiency. The TTA‐UC nanoparticles formed from biocompatible surfactants and methyl oleate acquire water dispersibility and remarkable oxygen tolerance. By combining with genome engineering technology using the blue light‐responding photoactivatable Cre‐recombinase (PA‐Cre), TTA‐UC nanoparticles promote Cre‐reporter EGFP expression in neurons in vitro and in vivo. The results open new opportunities toward deep‐tissue control of neural activities based on heavy metal‐free fully organic UC systems.
Giant Hall Switching by Surface‐State‐Mediated Spin‐Orbit Torque in a Hard Ferromagnetic Topological Insulator
Authors: Tai Lixuan , He Haoran , Chong Su Kong , Zhang Huairuo , Huang Hanshen , Qiu Gang , Ren Yuxing , Li Yaochen , Yang Hung‐Yu , Yang Ting‐Hsun , Dong Xiang , Dai Bingqian , Qu Tao , Shu Qingyuan , Pan Quanjun , Zhang Peng , Xue Fei , Li Jie , Davydov Albert V. , Wang Kang L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTopological insulators (TI) and magnetic topological insulators (MTI) can apply highly efficient spin‐orbit torque (SOT) and manipulate the magnetization with their unique topological surface states (TSS) with ultrahigh efficiency. Here, efficient SOT switching of a hard MTI, V‐doped (Bi,Sb)2Te3 (VBST), with a large coercive field that can prevent the influence of an external magnetic field, is demonstrated. A giant switched anomalous Hall resistance of 9.2 kΩ is realized, among the largest of all SOT systems, which makes the Hall channel a good readout and eliminates the need to fabricate complicated magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) structures. The SOT switching current density can be reduced to 2.8 × 105 A cm−2, indicating its high efficiency. Moreover, as the Fermi level is moved away from the Dirac point by both gate and composition tuning, VBST exhibits a transition from edge‐state‐mediated to surface‐state‐mediated transport, thus enhancing the SOT effective field to (1.56 ± 0.12) × 10−6 T A−1 cm2 and the interfacial charge‐to‐spin conversion efficiency to 3.9 ± 0.3 nm−1. The findings establish VBST as an extraordinary candidate for energy‐efficient magnetic memory devices.
High‐Efficiency, Prevascularization‐Free Macroencapsulation System for Subcutaneous Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets for Enhanced Diabetes Treatment
Authors: Jeon Seunggyu , Heo Jun‐Ho , Myung Noehyun , Shin Ji Yeong , Kim Min Kyeong , Kang Hyun‐Wook 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPancreatic islet macroencapsulation systems for subcutaneous transplantation have garnered significant attention as a therapy for Type I diabetes due to their minimal invasiveness and low complication rates. However, the low vascular density of subcutaneous tissue threatens the long‐term survival of islets. To address this issue, prevascularized systems are introduced but various challenges remain, including system complexity and vascular‐cell immunogenicity. Here, a novel prevasculature‐free macroencapsulation system designed as a multilayer sheet, which ensures sufficient mass transport even in regions with sparse vasculature, is presented. Islets are localized in top/bottom micro‐shell layers (≈300 µm thick) to maximize proximity to the surrounding host vasculature. These sheets, fabricated via bioprinting using rat islets and alginate‐based bio‐ink, double islet viability and optimize islet density, improving insulin secretion function by 240%. The subcutaneous transplantation of small islet masses (≈250 islet equivalent) into diabetic nude mice enable rapid (<1 day) recovery of blood glucose, which remain stable for >120 days. Additionally, antifibrotic drug‐loaded multilayer sheets facilitate blood glucose regulation by rat islets at the subcutaneous sites of diabetic immunocompetent mice for >35 days. Thus, this macroencapsulation system can advance the treatment of Type I diabetes and is also effective for islet xenotransplantation in subcutaneous tissue.
Untethered & Stiffness‐Tunable Ferromagnetic Liquid Robots for Cleaning Thrombus in Complex Blood Vessels
Authors: Li Zhuofan , Zhang Shanfei , Wang Qi , Xu Yizhuo , Li Yike , Chen Xiaojun , Chen Peng , Chen Dezhi , Shi Yunsong , Su Bin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThrombosis is a significant threat to human health. However, the existing clinical treatment methods have limitations. Magnetic soft matter is used in the biomedical field for years, and ferromagnetic liquids exhibit tunable stiffness and on‐demand movement advantages under magnetic fields. In this study, a ferromagnetic liquid robot (FMLR) is developed and applied it to thrombus removal in complex blood vessels. The FMLR consisted of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles and dimethyl silicone oil. The FMLR can pass through a narrow complex maze through shape deformation by tailoring the intensity and direction of the external magnetic field. Finite element simulation analysis is used to validate the mechanism of controllable FMLR movements. Importantly, the storage modulus of FMLR can be tuned from 0.1 to 2018 Pa by varying the external magnetic intensity, ensuring its effectiveness in removing rigid and stubborn thrombi present on the vascular walls. Toward medical robotic applications, FMLR can be used in telerobotic neurointerventional. Experiments demonstrating the capability of FMLR to remove thrombi in the ear veins of rabbits are conducted. This study introduces an efficient approach for thrombus elimination, broadening the utilization of FMLRs within the realm of clinical medicine.
Constructing Organic Phosphorescent Scintillators with Enhanced Triplet Exciton Utilization Through Multi‐Mode Radioluminescence for Efficient X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Li Huanhuan , Liu Yitong , Zhao Wei , Cao Hengyu , Yan Xin , Zhang Shuman , Yan Xi , Li Hui , Tao Ye , Xie Gaozhan , Li Wei , Chen Runfeng , Huang Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of organic phosphorescent scintillators with high exciton utilization efficiency has attracted significant attention but remains a difficult challenge because of the inherent spin‐forbidden feature of X‐ray‐induced triplet excitons. Herein, a design strategy is proposed to develop organic phosphorescent scintillators through thermally activated exciton release to convert stabilized spin‐forbidden triplet excitons to spin‐allowed singlet excitons, which enables singlet exciton‐dominated multi‐mode emission simultaneously from the lowest singlet, triplet, and stabilized triplet states. The resultant scintillators demonstrate a maximum photoluminescence efficiency of 65.8% and a minimum X‐ray radiation detection limit of 110 nGy s−1; this allows efficient radiography imaging with a spatial resolution of ≈10.0 lp mm−1. This study advances the fundamental understanding of exciton dynamics under X‐ray excitation, significantly broadening the practical use of phosphorescent materials for safety‐critical industries and medical diagnostics.
Confined Flash Printing and Synthesis of Stable Perovskite Nanofilms under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Liu Yuxin , Knaus Tanja , Wei Zheng , Zhang Junfang , Damian Matteo , Ronneberger Sebastian , Zhu Xingjun , Seeberger Peter H. , Zhang Hong , Mutti Francesco G. , Loeffler Felix F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe fabrication of stable perovskite nanofilm patterns is important for the development of functional optical devices. However, current production approaches are limited by the requirement for strict inert gas protection and long processing times. Here, a confined flash printing synthesis method is presented to generate perovskite nanofilms under ambient conditions, combining precursor transfer, perovskite synthesis, crystallization, and polymer protection in a single step within milliseconds. A laser simultaneously prints and induces the flash synthesis, confined in a polymer nanofilm, under normal ambient conditions. Due to its simplicity and flexibility, the method enables the combination and screening of many different perovskite precursor materials on various substrates. Besides for the development of novel perovskite materials and devices, the nanofilms can be applied for biodetection. The unique H2O2‐responsive property of the ultrathin perovskite quantum dot film is applied for biomolecule detection based on oxidase‐catalyzed enzymatic reactions.
Nanosonosensitizer Optimization for Enhanced Sonodynamic Disease Treatment
Authors: Zhang Min , Sun Dandan , Huang Hui , Yang Dayan , Song Xinran , Feng Wei , Jing Xiangxiang , Chen Yu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLow‐intensity ultrasound‐mediated sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which, by design, integrates sonosensitizers and molecular oxygen to generate therapeutic substances (e.g., toxic hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions, or singlet oxygen) at disease sites, has shown enormous potential for the effective treatment of a variety of diseases. Nanoscale sonosensitizers play a crucial role in the SDT process because their structural, compositional, physicochemical, and biological characteristics are key determinants of therapeutic efficacy. In particular, advances in materials science and nanotechnology have invigorated a series of optimization strategies for augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of nanosonosensitizers. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes, discusses, and highlights state‐of‐the‐art studies on the current achievements of nanosonosensitizer optimization in enhanced sonodynamic disease treatment, with an emphasis on the general design principles of nanosonosensitizers and their optimization strategies, mainly including organic and inorganic nanosonosensitizers. Additionally, recent advancements in optimized nanosonosensitizers for therapeutic applications aimed at treating various diseases, such as cancer, bacterial infections, atherosclerosis, and autoimmune diseases, are clarified in detail. Furthermore, the biological effects of the improved nanosonosensitizers for versatile SDT applications are thoroughly discussed. The review concludes by highlighting the current challenges and future opportunities in this rapidly evolving research field to expedite its practical clinical translation and application.
Broadband Spin and Orbital Momentum Modulator Using Self‐Assembled Nanostructures
Authors: Liu Yuanfeng , Zhou Le , Guo Mengfan , Xu Zongqi , Ma Jing , Wen Yongzheng , Litchinitser Natalia M. , Shen Yang , Sun Jingbo , Zhou Ji 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe structural symmetry of solids plays an important role in defining their linear and nonlinear optical properties. The quest for versatile, cost‐effective, large‐scale, and defect‐free approaches and materials platforms for tailoring structural and optical properties on demand is underway since decades. A self‐assembled spherulite material comprised of synthesized molecules with large dipole moments aligned azimuthally, forming a vortex polarity with spontaneously broken symmetry, is experimentally demonstrated. This unique self‐assembled structure enables new linear and nonlinear light–matter interactions, including generating optical vortex beams with complex spin states and on‐demand topological charges at the fundamental, doubled, and tripled frequencies. This work will likely enable numerous applications in areas such as high‐dimensional quantum information processing with large capacity and high security, spatiotemporal optical vortices, and a novel optical manipulation and trapping platform.
Reversing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Associated Cardiotoxicity via Bioorthogonal Metabolic Engineering–Driven Extracellular Vesicle Redirecting
Authors: Fan Miao , Zhang Xing , Liu Huifang , Li Lanya , Wang Fei , Luo Li , Zhou Xiaohan , Liang Xing‐Jie , Zhang Jinchao , Li Zhenhua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe cardiotoxicity induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is associated with high mortality rates. T cells play an important role in ICI‐induced cardiac injury. The inhibition of local T‐cell activity is considered an effective strategy for alleviating ICI‐related cardiotoxicity. Tumor‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to immunosuppression via PD‐L1 overexpression. In this study, a bioorthogonal metabolic engineering–driven EV redirecting (Biomeder) strategy for in situ engineered EVs with myocardial‐targeting peptides is developed. Accumulated tumor‐derived EV (TuEVs) reverses the immune environment in the heart by increasing PD‐L1 levels in cardiomyocytes and/or by directly inhibiting T‐cell activity. More importantly, it is found that the redirection of TuEVs further disrupts immunosuppression in tumors, which facilitates anti‐tumor activity. Thus, redirecting TuEVs to the heart simultaneously enhances the antitumor efficacy and safety of ICI‐based therapy. Furthermore, the Biomeder strategy is successfully expanded to prevent ICI‐induced type 1 diabetes. This Biomeder technique is a universal method for the treatment of various ICI‐related adverse events.
Design Metrics for Highly Reflective Fibrous Insulation
Authors: Koutsakis Georgios , Deliwala Nikhil , Clarke David R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe high melting temperatures, large optical bandgaps, and large refractive indices of oxides favor their use as fibrous insulation at extreme temperatures where radiative heat transfer is significant. In this work, the reflectance of mats of fibers is modeled with the Monte Carlo (MC) method using the fiber optical properties (such as the scattering efficiency and scattering coefficient), the fiber radius, refractive index, volume fraction (fv), as well as the thickness of insulation (L). Two key metrics are identified for the design of highly reflective insulation. One is a novel metric, the Kuhn scattering length, which is based on an analogy between the anisotropic random walks in MC radiative transfer and polymer physics. It is used to determine approximate the effective thickness of insulation (fvL). The second is a size metric, which indicates that fiber mats are most reflective when the fiber radius is . The model is validated on experimental measurements of commercially available insulation consisting of fibers with 3–5 µm radius.
Apple Tree Root‐Derived Biochar/Iron Oxide Triphasic Nanocomposite for Wastewater Treatment and Microwave Absorption
Authors: Mahmoodi Mahsa , Aslibeiki Bagher , Ghosh Sagnik , Hasani Leila , Slimani Sawssen , Vattuone Luca , Peddis Davide , Sarkar Tapati 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, two major sources of pollution: (1) Water pollution due to heavy metals, and (2) Electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution, often regarded as the fourth category of pollution (after air, water, and soil pollution) are addressed. A unique bio‐based triphasic nanocomposite (Fe3O4/α‐Fe2O3/carbon) is synthesized and its superior properties are demonstrated to address both types of environmental pollution. The nanocomposite, derived from lightweight apple tree roots, is used for Pb (II) ion removal from aqueous solutions via adsorption and magnetic separation. The biomass‐derived highly porous biochar decorated with iron‐oxide showed adsorption efficiency of nearly 100% and corresponding capacity of 149 mg.g−1 under optimal conditions for initial Pb (II) concentration of 50 mg.L−1. Furthermore, a remarkable adsorption capacity of 731 mg.g−1 is achieved using lower amount of the adsorbent for a slightly lower efficiency (97%). In addition, the mesoporous composite showed excellent EMW absorption efficiency with effective absorption bandwidth of 7.8 GHz and reflection loss of −61.7 dB, arising from very good impedance matching, and high dielectric and magnetic losses. This work establishes the multifunctional properties of the synthesized composite, and addresses the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 (Clean water and sanitation) and SDG 13 (Climate action, including pollution management).
Design of Carboxylic Acid‐Functionalized Poly(Butylene Adipate‐co‐Terephthalate) for Recyclable and Biodegradable Zero‐Waste Paper Packaging
Authors: Elkholy Hazem M. , Hamdani Syeda Shamila , Alghaysh Manal O. , Wyman Ian , Duncan Emily , Wang Yun , Li Kecheng , Rabnawaz Muhammad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDemand for water‐ and oil‐repellent‐coated paper as an alternative to plastics is growing, but the challenge is that coated paper lacks concurrent recyclability and biodegradability. Reported herein is a novel carboxylic acid‐functionalized poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (CPBAT) copolymer investigated for recyclable and repulpable water‐borne paper coatings. The CPBAT synthesized here is characterized by spectroscopic methods. Paper coated with waterborne CPBAT exhibited excellent water, oil, moisture, and gas barrier properties suitable for packaging applications. The recyclability and repulpability of the CPBAT‐coated paper are successfully validated via certified TAPPI methods. This work demonstrates the first successful preparation of coated paper that is per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)‐free, recyclable, and biodegradable, with significant benefits for the environment and human health.
3D‐Printed Breast Prosthesis that Smartly Senses and Targets Breast Cancer Relapse
Authors: Wang Lu , Ye Chenyang , Xue Xiangjie , Xie Mingjun , Zhi Yicheng , Feng Xiao , Zhao Pengcheng , Zhou Jichun , Mi Mi , Li Jinrui , Gu Qinhao , Zhao Ye , Chen Jiaxin , Zhou Yi , Xue Yanan , Fu Zexin , Zhou Liuyi , Chen Lulu , Pan Lei , Sun Yi , Wang Linbo , Wu Sufan , He Yong , Wang Ji 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBreast reconstruction is essential for improving the appearance of patients after cancer surgery. Traditional breast prostheses are not appropriate for those undergoing partial resections and cannot detect and treat locoregional recurrence. Personalized shape prostheses that can smartly sense tumor relapse and deliver therapeutics are needed. A 3D‐printed prosthesis that contains a therapeutic hydrogel is developed. The hydrogel, which is fabricated by crosslinking the polyvinyl alcohol with N1‐(4‐boronobenzyl)‐N3‐(4‐boronophenyl)‐N1, N1, N3, N3‐tetramethylpropane‐1,3‐diaminium, is responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, RSL3, a ferroptosis inducer that is loaded in hydrogels, can trigger tumor ferroptosis. Intriguingly, RSL3 encapsulated in the ROS‐responsive hydrogel exerts antitumor effects by increasing the numbers of tumor‐infiltrated CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and M1 macrophages while reducing the number of M2 macrophages. Therefore, this new prosthesis not only allows personalized shape reconstruction, but also detects and inhibits tumor recurrence. This combination of aesthetic appearance and therapeutic function can be very beneficial for breast cancer patients undergoing surgery.
Novel Insights into Enzymatic Thermostability: The “Short Board” Theory and Zero‐Shot Hamiltonian Model
Authors: Liao Min , Feng Shihao , Liu Xiaoqing , Xu Guoshun , Li Sicong , Bai Yingguo , Luo Huiying , Yao Bin , Wang Haobo , Tu Tao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanism underlying thermostabilization in naturally stable enzymes and enhancing the thermostability of unstable enzymes are crucial aspects in enzyme engineering. Despite the development of various engineering methods, there remains substantial scope for improvement. In this study, a novel concept termed as the “short board” theory is proposed, which conceptualizes proteins as barrels with each component representing a jagged board. Notably, optimizing modifications to the shortest board yields optimal enhancements in terms of thermostability performance. To validate this theory, α‐amylase, an industrial bulk enzyme with multiple domains, is employed as a model enzyme. The existence of “short boards” and their impact on thermostability modification are demonstrated at the domain, residue, and atomic levels through experimental confirmation using domain substitution. Furthermore, a novel thermostable design and prediction model called Zero‐Shot Hamiltonian (ZSH) is established and evaluated on α‐amylase. This coevolutionary approach based on thermostability and deep learning exhibits remarkable success exclusively when applied to enzymes with fixed short boards. The integration of the “short board” theory with the ZSH model presents an innovative tool for enhancing enzymatic thermostability.
Anomalous Polarons in Two‐Dimensional Organometallic Perovskite Ferroelectric
Authors: Yu Junhong , Han Yadong , Yang Yunfan , Zhang Hang , Liu Yi , Xu Jinlong , Sun Zhihua , Hu Jianbo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe concept of ferroelectric polarons is proposed to partially explain the exceptional optoelectronic properties observed in lead halide perovskites (LHPs). It is intriguing but unclear how this proposal, which involves local or transient polarizations, applies in general to 2D LHPs with long‐range ferroelectricity. Here, this work presents a pioneering time‐domain experimental investigation of polarons in ferroelectric (IA)2(MA)2Pb3Br10 (IMPB; IA is isoamylammonium and MA is methylammonium) using transient absorption spectroscopy. Compared to non‐ferroelectric LHPs, IMPB exhibits several distinct polaronic properties closely associated with macroscopic polarizations of ferroelectricity, including a prolonged polaron formation time (≈1.1 ps), a Stark splitting of the bleaching (≈63 meV), and a giant polaron Mott density (≈7.6 × 1018 cm−3). These findings broaden the realm of 2D polaron systems and reveal the decisive role of static/unidirectional polarizations on polaron physics in 2D LHPs.