bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinant of The Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure
Authors: Sunarsih Uun , Nurhikmah N. 
Published: August 2017

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has a very important role for the company and now become an obligation for every company. The purpose of this study examined the effect of institutional ownership, board of commissioners, profitability and size on CSR disclosure. This research conducted at mining manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2013-2014 and obtained 76 sample companies. The method used is multiple regression analysis. The result showed only institutional ownership affecting CSR disclosure. This suggests institutional ownership structure can act in monitoring the company. Independent board has not effected on CSR, it failed to monitor the actions of top management. Profitability has not effected on the disclosure of CSR, it enabled the company to have two perspectives on CSR. The most companies view CSR as a deduction from earnings. CSR disclosure has not affect the size of the CSR disclosure area.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v16i2.5236
Enterprise Risk Management Implementation Maturity in Non Bank and Financial Companies
Authors: Tjahjono Subagio 
Published: August 2017

Previous studies of ERM implementation mostly using dummy variable to figure out relation with its determinant. Until today, studies that using risk management maturity as real variable are limited. Therefore, this study intends to determine the maturity level of ERM implementation in non-financial companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during period 2015 and influence of firm’s total assets, total employee, leverage and public ownership to the ERM maturity. The method use are qualitative and multiple regression analysis. The result of data analysis showed that ERM implementation in selected sample during 2015 are still low (majority in initial and repeatable level). In addition, from determinant factors only total asset that have significant influence to the ERM maturity. This result implies that non-financial listed companies are vulnerable to risks. Management should consider future benefit of a mature ERM, not only to comply with regulation.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v16i2.5440
Relationship between Service Quality and Behavioral Intentions: The Mediating Effect of Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Ismail Azman , Rose Ilyani Ranian , Tudin Rabaah , Dawi Norazryana Mat 
Published: August 2017

This study was undertaken to measure the relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. A survey method was employed to collect data from customers who received treatments at army medical organizations in Malaysia. The outcomes of Smart-PLS path model analysis confirmed that relationship between service qualities features (tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy) with customer satisfaction were positively and significantly correlated with behavioral intentions. This result demonstrates that effect of tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy on behavioral intentions was mediated by customer satisfaction.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v16i2.5537
Interpretation Modalities Used on Family-Centered Rounds: Perspectives of Spanish-Speaking Families
Authors: Anttila Ashley , Rappaport David I. , Tijerino Johan , Zaman Nusrat , Sharif Iman 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Limited-English–proficient (LEP) patients and families are at risk for worse hospital outcomes due to impaired communication. Family-centered rounds (FCR) have become the preferred format for information sharing among providers and families at pediatric institutions. However, there are limited data on FCR among LEP families, particularly regarding interpretation type. We sought to examine the relationships between interpretation type and FCR satisfaction and efficacy among Spanish-speaking families, the fastest growing LEP population in pediatric hospitals.

METHODS:
Spanish speakers admitted to general pediatrics units over a period of 16 months were identified on admission. A bilingual research assistant observed FCR and completed an observation tool, including interpreter type. After FCR, the research assistant interviewed families, collecting parent demographics, FCR experience, and interpreter satisfaction. Associations between interpretation type and satisfaction as well as interpretation type and understanding were tested by using χ2 analyses.

RESULTS:
We studied 124 families over 16 months. Most respondents were patients’ mothers (84%), born in Mexico (76%), had grade school education (56%), and spoke limited English (96%). Overall, 83 (73%) reported the interpreter services improved their understanding of their child’s medical condition. Interpreter type was significantly associated with family satisfaction with FCR; specifically, an in-person hospital interpreter or video interpreter was associated with complete caregiver satisfaction (P = .005).

CONCLUSIONS:
Spanish speakers report higher satisfaction with face-to-face interpreters during FCR, including in-person and video, compared with telephonic interpreters. Video interpretation via iPad during FCR may be a valuable and accessible approach to improve communication in the care of hospitalized children.
Family factors in adolescent problematic Internet gaming: A systematic review
Authors: Schneider Luke A. , King Daniel L. , Delfabbro Paul H. 
Published: August 2017

Background and aims
Familial influences are known to affect the likelihood of an adolescent becoming a problem gamer. This systematic review examined some of the key findings in empirical research on family factors related to adolescent problem gaming.

Methods
A total of 14 studies in the past decade were evaluated. Family-related variables included: (a) parent status (e.g., socioeconomic status and mental health), (b) parent–child relationship (e.g., warmth, conflict, and abuse), (c) parental influence on gaming (e.g., supervision of gaming, modeling, and attitudes toward gaming), and (d) family environment (e.g., household composition).

Results
The majority of studies have focused on parent–child relationships, reporting that poorer quality relationships are associated with increased severity of problem gaming. The paternal relationship may be protective against problem gaming; therefore, prevention programs should leverage the support of cooperative fathers.

Discussion
The intergenerational effects of problem gaming require further attention, in light of adult gamers raising their children in a gaming-centric environment. Research has been limited by a reliance on adolescent self-report to understand family dynamics, without gathering corroborating information from parents and other family members. The very high rates of problem gaming (>10%) reported in general population samples raise concerns about the validity of current screening tools.

Conclusions
Interventions for adolescents may be more effective in some cases if they can address familial influences on problem gaming with the active co-participation of parents, rather than enrolling vulnerable adolescents in individual-based training or temporarily isolating adolescents from the family system.
Thyroid Gland Volume Measured by Ultasound in Different Age Groups in Sulaimani Population
Authors: Faraj Faruk , Saeed Kamal , Muhammad Dler 
Published: August 2017

The main objective of this study is to describe thyroid volume measured by ultrasonography in different gender and age groups in the Sulaimani population. In this cross-sectional study, two hundred subjects aged three to seventy five years with healthy thyroids were studied. The sample consisted of five age groups with twenty females and twenty males in each group. Information was collected on age, sex, body height, neck length, neck circumference, and thyroid volume measured by sonography. The results of this study show strong correlations between chronological age, neck circumference, and body length. Sex does not significantly affect the thyroid volume.
Determination of Sulphate in Water by Die Technique and the Detection of Ca+2 and Mg+2 in their Mixture
Authors: Najib Fadhil , Abdulla Ahmad , Zewar Sardir 
Published: August 2017

The new thermometric sensor developed in this laboratory (Talanta-2007,71(l),141-148) has Beenapplied here for the determination of sulphate ion in water samples.A (20 ml) aliquot of standard ornatural watersampleacidified with (1 ml)of (lMHCl)isplaced inthe thermometric cell. The cellis covered with the press-on lid, so that the sensor is completely covered by the liquid. Thevertical stirrer is placed down the cell and stirred, When the thermal equilibrium is recorded, (0.5 ml)of (1.5M) barium acetate solution is injected rapidly by a syringe. The output signal is recordedand measured as a peak height during (30 sec.) Following the injection, and also read from the digitalavometer, The calibration curve is drawn between (AmV) or (AT) vs. (ppm) sulphate. It was linear intle range (10 - 110) ppm sulphate with 12 = 0.9991. The method was used for the determination ofsulphate in different samples of water containing between 21 - 430 ppm with precision better than 5o4and gave no significant difference when compared with a reference method at 95oh confidence limit(DOF = 6) using t-test of paired comparison. In this paper another successful test of the sensor wasperformed to evaluate its response fbr a mixture of Caz- and Mg2* ions.
Intraframe Compression Using Lifting Scheme Wavelet-Based Transformation (9/7-Tap Filter)
Authors: Mhammad Aree 
Published: August 2017

Image compression is now essential for applications such as transmission and storage in data bases.
This paper proposes a new scheme for image compression; this new method involves two steps. First, we
use a lifting scheme wavelet-based transform. Second, we develop a modified entropy coding algorithm. We
show how block subband coding leads to increase the compression factor with preserving the quality. The
main objective of this work is to encode the intra-frame in a video sequences.
Secure Client- Server Based Remote Process Control
Authors: Hussain Mohamed , El-Mukhtar Mumtaz , Ali Wrya 
Published: August 2017

Internet based process control has been in the focus in the past years due to the wide horizons it opens to
the industry field, office and home automation. Simplicity (in hardware, software and the required resources)
in any system is an asset to have. Especially, in our region in which we lack hardware and software company
dealers and a lot of automation resources. It is best to depend on free software as far as is possible in
addition to on simple easy repairable systems. In this research a hardware interface circuit and a software
system has been designed to control the temperature and level of a liquid tank (water has been considered in
our case study). The main advantage of the designed interface circuit is its simplicity and low cost. The same
can be true for the software system in which we used Java servlet to accomplish the communication task. Java
servlets have many advantages over the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) based methods used previously
that has common problems of speed and data persistence. In security aspects a password has been added to
all control action commands to secure our process control tasks. In addition to the security introduced by
using Dynamic Domain Naming System (DYNDNS) servers that allows the use of dynamic Internet Protocols
(IP) for accessing information on the Internet. The designed hardware and software systems could be used for
remote or local control with no amendment and for both manual and automatic control. The system could be
used with no need to have a public IP for both client and server.
Milk Production in Awassi Sheep and their Crosses with Assaf under Accelerated Lambing System
Authors: Alkass Jalal , Al-Azzawi Waleed , Al-Tayy Hafedh 
Published: August 2017

At the Sheep Breeding Station, IPA Agricultural Research Center, milk production was investigated in
92 Iraq Awassi (AW) and 95 Assaf x Awassi (AA) ewes under accelerated lambing system , together with effects of age
and body weight of ewe , lambing season and sex by litter size of lamb using General Linear Model (GLM)
procedure . The overall means of milk yield and lactation period were 85.64 kg and 132.36 days, respectively.
AA ewes surpassed significantly AW ewes in milk yield (99.15 vs. 74.99 kg) and lactation period (139.0 vs.126.8
days).Age, weight of dam at lambing and sex by type of birth of lamb had significant effects on milk yield. Milk
produced by ewes lambed at first season was significantly higher than ewes lambed during second and third season.
The Incidence Rate of Breast Cancer in Suleimani Governorate in 2006: Preliminary Study
Authors: Hussein Ali , Aziz Peri 
Published: August 2017

Background: Breast cancer is the most common site-specific cancer in women. The incidence rate of
breast cancer in Suleimani did not estimated before the year 2006. The aim of this study is to find out the
incidence rate of breast cancer and some other statistical data in Suleimani city / Iraq in 2006. Patients
and Methods: A questionnaire was designated to collect data from all newly diagnosed breast cancer

patients in the year 2006, and from control group. We set up a hypothesis that to be tested using Chi-
Square test at 95% confidence level. Results: The number of patients was 61 (60 females and 1 male).

The incidence rate in females is 10.1 per 100000 adult females in the year 2006. The age group of highest
incidence is 45 – 54. Most of patients are house wives, married, fertile, living in city center and urban
areas, have no family histories of breast carcinoma, nonsmokers, have history of breast feeding, have
body mass index above normal range, and mammography or U/S was infrequent screening test for breast
mass done for them. Invasive ductal carcinoma of breast is the most frequent tumor among patients. The
results revealed that 11 (18.0%) of patients have history of exposure to chemical weapons in the year
1988. Conclusion: The incidence rate of breast cancer in Suleimani is 10.1 per 100000 adult females in
the year 2006, which is relatively low incidence.
Serological Survey of Newcastle Disease in Domestic Chickens in Sulaimani Province
Authors: Aziz Tariq , Ahmed Taib 
Published: August 2017

Newcastle disease is one of the serious diseases of poultry. It causes a great loss in poultry industry and
domestic village chickens. Since domestic chickens in villages are free ranging for food, the chance of contact
with wild birds which may act as a reservoir for many viral diseases is high.
The ELISA and Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test were used for the detection of antibodies against
Newcastle disease virus in 500 serum samples collected from chickens with no history of vaccination from
five regions in Sulaimani province during September and October 2006. Forty six percent of sera were
positive by ELISA and 34.4% by HI test. Chi-square and t-tests were used for statistical analysis. A good
correlation was observed between ELISA and HI titers (Correlation Coefficient=0.705205, T=3.80732) and
there was a statistically significant differences between ELISA and HI test at 95% confidence level (P<0.05).
It was found that 46% of the domestic village chickens have protective antibody and 53.9% of chickens
are susceptible to Newcastle disease virus infection.
Digital Modulation Classification Using Wavelet Transform and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Faek Fatima 
Published: August 2017

Received signals contain a vast amount of uncertainty due to the unknown modulating signals,
communication channel, and noise. Therefore the modulation classification problem has to be
approached based on artificial neural networks . In this work a digital modulation classification method
is presented, based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and artificial neural networks (ANN) to
distinguish digital modulation, like quadrature amplitude (QAM), phase shift keying (PSK), and
frequency shift keying (FSK) signals. Feature extraction is performed via the DWT detail coefficients of
the digital signals using (db4) mother wavelet, because of the usefulness of wavelet in signal de-noising
. The extracted features are presented to an ANN for pattern recognition. In this work Levenberg-
Marquardt error back propagation algorithm is used since it appears to be the fastest method for
training moderate-sized feed forward neural networks (up to several hundred weights).The performance
of the classification scheme is investigated through simulations using matlab-7, high recognition rates
are obtained of about (97%). However, there are probabilities of misclassification of about (3%).
Landslide Hazard of Rock Slopes Around Shaqlawa City, Kurdistan Region, NE Iraq, with Modified Classification of Hazards on Roads and proposing remedial measurements
Authors: Al-Saadi Saad , Yousif Luay 
Published: August 2017

The results of rock slopes analyses around Shaqlawa area showed that Landslide Possibility Index (LPI) values range between Low (LPI) for rock slopes of Tanjero, Kolosh and (marl and siltstone) of Gercus Formations, Moderate (LPI) for rock slopes of Shiranish, Gercus (sandstone and dolomitic limestone) and Pila Spi Formations, and High (LPI) for rock slopes of the dolomitic limestone of Pila Spi Formation at the gorge north of Shaqlawa city (at the west side of Shaqlawa - Harir main road). Two landslide hazard maps have been prepared for Shaqlawa area:
A- The first Hazard map (based on LPI values) shows three hazard areas; (1) Area of Low Hazards (for Tanjero and Kolosh Formations). (2) Areas of Moderate Hazards (for Shiranish, Gercus and Pila Spi Formations) and (3) Area of High Hazard (for the dolomitic limestone beds of Pila Spi Formation) west of Shaqlawa - Harir main road.
B- The second Hazard map (based on the effect of landslide on the roads), also shows three hazard areas but different from the first map. It shows; (1) Area of Very Low Hazard (it includes slopes of Tanjero, Kolosh and Gercus Formations) because of the wide distance between the failing slopes and the road, (2) Area of Moderate Hazard (in the slopes of Shiranish Formation) because of closeness from the road and poor protection works, and (3) Area of High Hazard (at Pila Spi dolomitic limestone slopes at the west side of Shaqlawa-Harir main road) due to its high slope angle and height, and closeness to the road in addition to poor protection works.
A modification on the classification of landslide hazard on roads is suggested, and some measures of landslides treatment are suggested, for slope stabilization and road protection.
New geologic setting of Bekhme Formation
Authors: Karim Kamal 
Published: August 2017

Since the first description of Bekhme Formation (Late Campanian- Early
Maastrichtian) by Wetzel in 1950 (in Bellen et al., 1959), no updating is published by later studies except confirmation of the first description. However, few published studied are deviated from the majorities and give serious suspicions about many parts of the previous description. The present study tries, on bases of stratigraphy, Correlation with Iran, fieldwork and paleontology, to evaluate these doubts and try to give evidence for abandoning this formation and changing it’s name to new formation (Perat Formation). Accordingly, it was proved that the top of Bekhme Formation is older than Late Campanian and it’s actual age is Turonian-Campanian. Additionally, it is concluded that the related basal conglomerate is choatic fault breccia. The changing of the name is based on the analysis of evidence of the previous studies, and introduction of new ones in which new stratigraphic column, stratigraphic positions and new depositional basin, tectonic and paleogeographic setting are proposed or established.
Geotechnical Evaluation of Baktiari Hill Kurdistan District/Iraq
Authors: Al-Khateeb Azhar , Capigian Arsen 
Published: August 2017

A comprehensive geotechnical study is carried out in Northeastern part of Iraq for a site in Sulaimaniya Governorate which is located about (4) km. from city center, a site where a grand hotel were constructed later on.
The site is a longitudinal hill representing a double plunging anticline, which itself is the southeastern plunge of Pera-Magroon anticline, regionally the area is highly affected by tectonic movements which led to folding, faulting, jointing, shearing …etc.
The site is evaluated by studying the core of (9) boreholes with (200) m length through three engineering parameters: Rock Quality Designation (RQD), Fissuration Factor (CFactor) and Number of Fractures per meter (F/m) besides two laboratory parameters: Unconfined Compressive Strength (c) and Porosity (Pₒ).
Each borehole is divided into different geotechnical horizons according to the similarity of engineering parameter values, weathering degree, color, bedding, etc. Weighted average of the five above mentioned parameters are calculated for these horizons where each parameter classify the rock mass into five ranks from very weak to excellent with rank values from one to five; these values are adopted to get final evaluation of the boreholes.
Subsurface correlation charts are drawn using Rockworks/15 program depending upon the evaluation of each horizon which is gained by matching rank values of each parameter to get the final rank values of it from weak to excellent which is used for the first time by the authors.
First-principles investigation of the structural and electronic properties of Sr3Sb2 in hexagonal phase
Authors: Sedighi M. , Danesh M. , Vaji S. 
Published: August 2017

The electronic and structural properties of Sr3Sb2 were investigated using the Density
Functional Theory (DFT). To solve the equations of Kohen-Sham the method of FullPotential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (FP-LAPW) was applied. The lattice parameters, volume modulus and the derivative of the volume modulus were calculated. The band structures were also studied by two different methods of Generalized Gradient
Approximation (GGA) and Engle-Vosko Generalized Gradient Approximation (EVGGA). The results of the calculations by GGA and EV-GGA methods show that this structure is a semi-conductor and predict the energy gap of type Γ→K with a magnitude of 0.412eV and 0.977eV respectively. The effect of pressure on the band structures, the magnitude of the gap, anti-symmetric gap, and the width of the gaps were also studied. With extrapolation of the gap variation with pressure, the metallization pressure was determined which is equal to 19.984GPa. In this work, the electron and hole effective mass were investigated as well by the methods of GGA and EV-GGA.
Characterization of the flavonolignans in Silybummarianum L. Grown Naturally in Iraqi-Kurdistan Region
Authors: Sabir Mohammed , Askari Ali 
Published: August 2017

(Abstracted from MSc. Thesis entitles "Pharmacognostic and Pharmacologic study of Silybum marianum grown naturally in Iraqi-Kurdistan Region")
The antihepatotoxic principles found in the indigenous plant Silybum marianum L. (Milk thistle) was obtained using a multi-extraction/ separation and isolation procedures. Starting with identification of the plant and collection of the seeds. A pretreatment (defatting) step with light petroleum ether preceded the extraction with organic solvent (ethanol) in a soxhlet extractor. The alcoholic extract after drying was partitioned with n-hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, and n-butanol successively. Each fraction was separated by flash column chromatography. The sub-fractions after column chromatography were tested with thin layer chromatography (TLC) for the presence of the flavonolignans. Fractions showed spots with the same Rf-values were combined and furthermore isolated with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Components were then purified and identified using UV, IR-spectroscopy. The results were compared with a standard sample of silybin (obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co.). Results confirmed that the plant Silybum marianum L. which grows indigenous in Kurdistan Region/ Iraq, reserves the same active components (flavonolignans) present in the plant that grows elsewhere.