bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1I/2017 U1 (‘Oumuamua) is Hot: Imaging, Spectroscopy, and Search of Meteor Activity
Authors: Ye 叶 Quan-Zhi 泉志 , Zhang Qicheng , Kelley Michael S. P. , Brown Peter G. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
1I/2017 U1 (‘Oumuamua), a recently discovered asteroid in a hyperbolic orbit, is likely the first macroscopic object of extrasolar origin identified in the solar system. Here, we present imaging and spectroscopic observations of ‘Oumuamua using the Palomar Hale Telescope as well as a search of meteor activity potentially linked to this object using the Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar. We find that ‘Oumuamua exhibits a moderate spectral gradient of

, a value significantly lower than that of outer solar system bodies, indicative of a formation and/or previous residence in a warmer environment. Imaging observation and spectral line analysis show no evidence that ‘Oumuamua is presently active. Negative meteor observation is as expected, since ejection driven by sublimation of commonly known cometary species such as CO requires an extreme ejection speed of ∼40 m s−1 at ∼100 au in order to reach the Earth. No obvious candidate stars are proposed as the point of origin for ‘Oumuamua. Given a mean free path of ∼109 ly in the solar neighborhood, ‘Oumuamua has likely spent a very long time in interstellar space before encountering the solar system.
Kinematics and Optical Depth in the Green Peas: Suppressed Superwinds in Candidate LyC Emitters*
Authors: Jaskot Anne E. , Oey M. S. , Scarlata Claudia , Dowd Tara 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
By clearing neutral gas away from a young starburst, superwinds may regulate the escape of Lyman continuum (LyC) photons from star-forming galaxies. However, models predict that superwinds may not launch in the most extreme, compact starbursts. We explore the role of outflows in generating low optical depths in the Green Peas (GPs), the only known star-forming population with several confirmed and candidate LyC-leaking galaxies. With Hubble Space Telescope UV spectra of 25 low-redshift GPs, including new observations of 13 of the most highly ionized GPs, we compare the kinematics of UV absorption lines with indirect H i optical depth diagnostics: Lyα escape fraction, Lyα peak separation, or low-ionization absorption line equivalent width. The data suggest that high-ionization kinematics tracing superwind activity may correlate with low optical depth in some objects. However, the most extreme GPs, including many of the best candidate LyC emitters with weak low-ionization absorption and strong, narrow Lyα profiles, show the lowest velocities. These results are consistent with models for suppressed superwinds, which suggests that outflows may not be the only cause of LyC escape from galaxies.
Jeux de rôle dans l’impasse du Palais d’or. Variation sur la (dis)simulation dans une maison close de la frontière sino-mongole
Authors: Lacaze Gaëlle 
Published: December 2017

Construit à partir de recherches de terrain effectuées entre 2007 et 2012, cet article examine comment des travailleuses du sexe mongoles élaborent leur personnage au sein d’une maison close chinoise. Il insiste sur la place des échanges matériels et immatériels dans la communion instaurée entre ces femmes, « partenaires de destin ». Il s’intéresse également aux rôles attribués à l’ethnologue dans cette recherche en interrogeant les « malentendus productifs » et les « jeux » qui se déroulent lors de l’enquête de terrain.
Adapter, c’est (parfois) trahir : fiction et stéréotypes de genre dans les séries inspirées de Diario de una abuela de verano de Rosa Regàs et El mundo amarillo d’Albert Espinosa
Authors: Houdiard Jennifer 
Published: December 2017

Les séries Abuela de verano (TVE, 2005) et Polseres vermelles (TV3, 2011-2013) sont deux fictions télévisées inspirées d’ouvrages non fictionnels. La première est l’adaptation de Diario de una abuela de verano, un essai-témoignage dans lequel la romancière Rosa Regàs relate son expérience de grand-mère. Dans El mundo amarillo, œuvre qui a inspiré la série Polseres vermelles, le réalisateur et comédien Albert Espinosa évoque le bouleversement qu’a provoqué le cancer dans sa vie d’adolescent, la manière dont la maladie a modifié et enrichi sa vision de la vie et du bonheur.Les séries de fiction nées de ces deux textes peuvent sembler, à première vue, très différentes l’une de l’autre. Cependant, nous sommes face à deux univers fictionnels qui se caractérisent par une omniprésence des stéréotypes de genre, alors que ceux-ci sont soit absents, soit explicitement critiqués dans les œuvres qui les ont inspirées. Dans Abuela de verano comme dans Polseres vermelles, les personnages de filles sont sexualisés à outrance, obnubilés par leur apparence physique et par l’amour, tandis que les figures de garçons se caractérisent par une masculinité à la limite de la caricature, tant du point de vue de leurs centres d’intérêt (football, sexualité, mécanique) que de leur comportement (violence, rejet des activités « féminines »).Tout se passe comme si le passage du livre à l’écran et, dans le cas de ces séries, le passage du témoignage à la fiction, impliquait l’adaptation du texte au « moule » des séries espagnoles contemporaines à travers la création d’un univers caractérisé par des rôles de genre immuables, peuplé de jolies filles rêvant d’amour et de garçons intrépides et bagarreurs. Nous nous demanderons donc si, dans le cas de Abuela de verano et Polseres vermelles, l’adaptation ne s’apparente pas à une sorte de trahison.
Tom Perrotta’s The Leftovers in Textual Seriality: Trauma, Resilience... Resolution?
Authors: Joseph Charles , Letort Delphine 
Published: December 2017

Cet article étudie les stratégies narratives adoptées dans la série télévisée The Leftovers (HBO, 2014-2017), adaptation basée sur un roman post-apocalyptique de fiction chrétienne. Les créateurs de la série introduisent de nouveaux sous-textes littéraires et développent un hypertexte complexe de manière à interroger la signification donnée à l’Enlèvement ; ils attirent également l’attention sur les différentes manières de faire face à ce traumatisme du 14 octobre. The Leftovers s’attache à souligner l’échec des habitants de Mapleton à reconstruire un pacte social, en se concentrant sur les familles déchirées par l’Enlèvement.
Sleepy Hollow (FOX, 2013- ), une adaptation ?
Authors: Richard Julie 
Published: December 2017

La nouvelle de Washington Irving, La Légende du Val Dormant (The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, 1819) fait partie du patrimoine littéraire des États-Unis. Elle a été adaptée de très nombreuses fois : à la scène dans des opéras et des comédies musicales, et à l’écran dans des films, des épisodes de séries télévisées, mais aussi des chansons et des jeux vidéos. La série Sleepy Hollow (FOX, 2013-) réutilise cette histoire dont elle ne semble cependant conserver que la localisation, le nom de certains personnages et … le cavalier sans tête. Dans cette série, le héros, Ichabod Crane, plongé dans le sommeil depuis la Guerre d’Indépendance, se réveille de nos jours et doit combattre le cavalier sans tête et le démon Moloch, pour empêcher l’Apocalypse. La série se détache donc de la nouvelle et utilise des sources très variées. Ces modifications ne permettent cependant pas d’affirmer que la série n’est pas une adaptation. En retournant aux textes les plus célèbres d’Irving, des choix scénaristiques s’éclairent, notamment le lien entre l’histoire des États-Unis et le genre fantastique. De plus, la série se présente au spectateur comme une adaptation, et joue avec de nombreuses références qu’elle modifie et réinterprète avec ironie et humour.
A Role of NKR-P1A (CD161) and Lectin-like Transcript 1 in Natural Cytotoxicity against Human Articular Chondrocytes
Authors: Białoszewska Agata , Olkowska-Truchanowicz Joanna , Bocian Katarzyna , Osiecka-Iwan Anna , Czop Andrzej , Kieda Claudine , Malejczyk Jacek 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Normal cartilage cells are susceptible to lysis by NK cells. This phenomenon may play a role in immune cartilage destruction; however, the mechanisms of chondrocyte recognition by NK cells remain poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal a possible role of NKR-P1A/lectin-like transcript 1 (LLT1) interaction in NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity against normal human articular chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were isolated from articular cartilage obtained during talonavicular joint surgery. PBMC or polyclonal NK cells isolated from normal donors served as effector cells. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity against chondrocytes was evaluated by means of 18-h 51Cr-release assay. Specific mRNA expression was evaluated by classical and quantitative RT-PCR, and proteins were detected by Western blot analysis. We found that lysis of articular chondrocytes by PBMC or polyclonal NK cells was potentiated by stimulation with IL-2. Stimulation of effector cells with IL-2 downregulated mRNA expression of inhibitory NKR-P1A NK cell receptor, and blocking of NKR-P1A with specific mAbs resulted in increased chondrocyte killing. Chondrocytes constitutively expressed LLT1, a ligand of NKR-P1A. LLT1 expression by chondrocytes could be upregulated by IL-1α and TNF. Chondrocyte treatment with IL-1α resulted in their increased resistance to killing by natural cytotoxic cells. This could be reversed by blocking of NKR-P1A. These results show that susceptibility of normal articular chondrocytes to lysis by NK cells is modulated by NKR-P1A/LLT1 interactions. Thus, NKR-P1A/LLT1 interaction might provide some novel target for therapeutic interventions in the course of pathological cartilage injury.
Osteoblasts Are Rapidly Ablated by Virus-Induced Systemic Inflammation following Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus or Pneumonia Virus of Mice Infection in Mice
Authors: Maltby Steven , Lochrin Alyssa J. , Bartlett Bianca , Tay Hock L. , Weaver Jessica , Poulton Ingrid J. , Plank Maximilian W. , Rosenberg Helene F. , Sims Natalie A. , Foster Paul S. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
A link between inflammatory disease and bone loss is now recognized. However, limited data exist on the impact of virus infection on bone loss and regeneration. Bone loss results from an imbalance in remodeling, the physiological process whereby the skeleton undergoes continual cycles of formation and resorption. The specific molecular and cellular mechanisms linking virus-induced inflammation to bone loss remain unclear. In the current study, we provide evidence that infection of mice with either lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) or pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) resulted in rapid and substantial loss of osteoblasts from the bone surface. Osteoblast ablation was associated with elevated levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and CCL2. Both LCMV and PVM infections resulted in reduced osteoblast-specific gene expression in bone, loss of osteoblasts, and reduced serum markers of bone formation, including osteocalcin and procollagen type 1 N propeptide. Infection of Rag-1–deficient mice (which lack adaptive immune cells) or specific depletion of CD8+ T lymphocytes limited osteoblast loss associated with LCMV infection. By contrast, CD8+ T cell depletion had no apparent impact on osteoblast ablation in association with PVM infection. In summary, our data demonstrate dramatic loss of osteoblasts in response to virus infection and associated systemic inflammation. Further, the inflammatory mechanisms mediating viral infection-induced bone loss depend on the specific inflammatory condition.
PD-L1 Prevents the Development of Autoimmune Heart Disease in Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Juchem Kathryn W. , Sacirbegovic Faruk , Zhang Cuiling , Sharpe Arlene H. , Russell Kerry , McNiff Jennifer M. , Demetris Anthony J. , Shlomchik Mark J. , Shlomchik Warren D. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Effector memory T cells (TEM) are less capable of inducing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) compared with naive T cells (TN). Previously, in the TS1 TCR transgenic model of GVHD, wherein TS1 CD4 cells specific for a model minor histocompatibility Ag (miHA) induce GVHD in miHA-positive recipients, we found that cell-intrinsic properties of TS1 TEM reduced their GVHD potency relative to TS1 TN. Posttransplant, TS1 TEM progeny expressed higher levels of PD-1 than did TS1 TN progeny, leading us to test the hypothesis that TEM induce less GVHD because of increased sensitivity to PD-ligands. In this study, we tested this hypothesis and found that indeed TS1 TEM induced more severe skin and liver GVHD in the absence of PD-ligands. However, lack of PD-ligands did not result in early weight loss and colon GVHD comparable to that induced by TS1 TN, indicating that additional pathways restrain alloreactive TEM. TS1 TN also caused more severe GVHD without PD-ligands. The absence of PD-ligands on donor bone marrow was sufficient to augment GVHD caused by either TEM or TN, indicating that donor PD-ligand–expressing APCs critically regulate GVHD. In the absence of PD-ligands, both TS1 TEM and TN induced late-onset myocarditis. Surprisingly, this was an autoimmune manifestation, because its development required non-TS1 polyclonal CD8+ T cells. Myocarditis development also required donor bone marrow to be PD-ligand deficient, demonstrating the importance of donor APC regulatory function. In summary, PD-ligands suppress both miHA-directed GVHD and the development of alloimmunity-induced autoimmunity after allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation.
Dendritic Cell RIPK1 Maintains Immune Homeostasis by Preventing Inflammation and Autoimmunity
Authors: O’Donnell Joanne A. , Lehman Jesse , Roderick Justine E. , Martinez-Marin Dalia , Zelic Matija , Doran Ciara , Hermance Nicole , Lyle Stephen , Pasparakis Manolis , Fitzgerald Katherine A. , Marshak-Rothstein Ann , Kelliher Michelle A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Necroptosis is a form of cell death associated with inflammation; however, the biological consequences of chronic necroptosis are unknown. Necroptosis is mediated by RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL kinases but in hematopoietic cells RIPK1 has anti-inflammatory roles and functions to prevent necroptosis. Here we interrogate the consequences of chronic necroptosis on immune homeostasis by deleting Ripk1 in mouse dendritic cells. We demonstrate that deregulated necroptosis results in systemic inflammation, tissue fibrosis, and autoimmunity. We show that inflammation and autoimmunity are prevented upon expression of kinase inactive RIPK1 or deletion of RIPK3 or MLKL. We provide evidence that the inflammation is not driven by microbial ligands, but depends on the release of danger-associated molecular patterns and MyD88-dependent signaling. Importantly, although the inflammation is independent of type I IFN and the nucleic acid sensing TLRs, blocking these pathways rescues the autoimmunity. These mouse genetic studies reveal that chronic necroptosis may underlie human fibrotic and autoimmune disorders.
Modeling the contributions of global air temperature, synoptic-scale phenomena and soil moisture to near-surface static energy variability using artificial neural networks
Authors: Pryor Sara C. , Sullivan Ryan C. , Schoof Justin T. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The static energy content of the atmosphere is increasing on a global scale, but exhibits important subglobal and subregional scales of variability and is a useful parameter for integrating the net effect of changes in the partitioning of energy at the surface and for improving understanding of the causes of so-called warming holes (i.e., locations with decreasing daily maximum air temperatures (T) or increasing trends of lower magnitude than the global mean). Further, measures of the static energy content (herein the equivalent potential temperature, θe) are more strongly linked to excess human mortality and morbidity than air temperature alone, and have great relevance in understanding causes of past heat-related excess mortality and making projections of possible future events that are likely to be associated with negative human health and economic consequences. New nonlinear statistical models for summertime daily maximum and minimum θe are developed and used to advance understanding of drivers of historical change and variability over the eastern USA. The predictor variables are an index of the daily global mean temperature, daily indices of the synoptic-scale meteorology derived from T and specific humidity (Q) at 850 and 500 hPa geopotential heights (Z), and spatiotemporally averaged soil moisture (SM). SM is particularly important in determining the magnitude of θe over regions that have previously been identified as exhibiting warming holes, confirming the key importance of SM in dictating the partitioning of net radiation into sensible and latent heat and dictating trends in near-surface T and θe. Consistent with our a priori expectations, models built using artificial neural networks (ANNs) out-perform linear models that do not permit interaction of the predictor variables (global T, synoptic-scale meteorological conditions and SM). This is particularly marked in regions with high variability in minimum and maximum θe, where more complex models built using ANN with multiple hidden layers are better able to capture the day-to-day variability in θe and the occurrence of extreme maximum θe. Over the entire domain, the ANN with three hidden layers exhibits high accuracy in predicting maximum θe > 347 K. The median hit rate for maximum θe > 347 K is  > 0.60, while the median false alarm rate is  ≈ 0.08.
Extreme isotopologue disequilibrium in molecular SIMS species during SHRIMP geochronology
Authors: Magee Jr. Charles W. , Danišík Martin , Mernagh Terry 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The current limitation in the accuracy and precision of inter-element analysis in secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is the ability to find measurable quantities that allow relative differences in ionization and transmission efficiency of secondary ions to be normalized. In uranium–thorium–lead geochronology, the ability to make these corrections, or "calibrate" the data, results in an accuracy limit of approximately 1 %. This study looks at the ionization of uranium and thorium oxide species, which are traditionally used in U–Pb calibration, to explore the conditions under which isotopologues, or molecular species whose composition differs only in the isotopic composition of one or more atoms in the molecule, remain in or deviate from equilibrium. Isotopologue deficits of up to 0.2 (200 ‰) below ideal mixing are observed in UO2+ species during SIMS gechronological analyses using the SHRIMP IIe SIMS instrument. These are identified by bombarding natural U-bearing minerals with an 18O2− primary beam. The large anomalies are associated with repeat analyses down a single SIMS sputtering crater (Compston et al., 1984), analysis of high-uranium, radiation-damaged zircon, and analysis of baddeleyite. Analysis of zircon under routine conditions yield UO2+ isotopologue anomalies generally within a few percent of equilibrium. The conditions under which the isotopologue anomalies are observed are also conditions in which the UOx-based corrections, or calibration, for relative U vs. Pb ionization efficiencies fail. The existence of these isotopologue anomalies suggest that failure of the various UOx species to equilibrate with each other is the reason that none of them will successfully correct the U  / Pb ratio. No simple isotopologue-based correction is apparent. However, isotopologue disequilibrium appears to be a more sensitive tool for detecting high-U calibration breakdowns than Raman spectroscopy, which showed sharper peaks for  ∼  37 Ma high-uranium zircons than for reference zircons OG1 and Temora. U–Th–Sm / He ages were determined for aliquots of reference zircons OG1 (755±71 Ma) and Temora (323±43 Ma), suggesting that the broader Raman lines for the Temora reference zircons may be due to something other than accumulated radiation damage. Isotopologue abundances for UO+ and ThO+ and their energy spectra are consistent with most or all molecular species being the product of atomic recombination when the primary beam impact energy is greater than 5.7 keV. This, in addition to the large UO2+ instrumentally generated isotopologue disequilibria, suggests that any attempts to use SIMS to detect naturally occurring isotopologue deviations could be tricky.
Damage assessment in Braunsbach 2016: data collection and analysis for an improved understanding of damaging processes during flash floods
Authors: Laudan Jonas , Rözer Viktor , Sieg Tobias , Vogel Kristin , Thieken Annegret H. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Flash floods are caused by intense rainfall events and represent an insufficiently understood phenomenon in Germany. As a result of higher precipitation intensities, flash floods might occur more frequently in future. In combination with changing land use patterns and urbanisation, damage mitigation, insurance and risk management in flash-flood-prone regions are becoming increasingly important. However, a better understanding of damage caused by flash floods requires ex post collection of relevant but yet sparsely available information for research. At the end of May 2016, very high and concentrated rainfall intensities led to severe flash floods in several southern German municipalities. The small town of Braunsbach stood as a prime example of the devastating potential of such events. Eight to ten days after the flash flood event, damage assessment and data collection were conducted in Braunsbach by investigating all affected buildings and their surroundings. To record and store the data on site, the open-source software bundle KoBoCollect was used as an efficient and easy way to gather information. Since the damage driving factors of flash floods are expected to differ from those of riverine flooding, a post-hoc data analysis was performed, aiming to identify the influence of flood processes and building attributes on damage grades, which reflect the extent of structural damage. Data analyses include the application of random forest, a random general linear model and multinomial logistic regression as well as the construction of a local impact map to reveal influences on the damage grades. Further, a Spearman's Rho correlation matrix was calculated. The results reveal that the damage driving factors of flash floods differ from those of riverine floods to a certain extent. The exposition of a building in flow direction shows an especially strong correlation with the damage grade and has a high predictive power within the constructed damage models. Additionally, the results suggest that building materials as well as various building aspects, such as the existence of a shop window and the surroundings, might have an effect on the resulting damage. To verify and confirm the outcomes as well as to support future mitigation strategies, risk management and planning, more comprehensive and systematic data collection is necessary.