bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blade Designs For Improved Multi-Phase Performance In sCO2 Compressors; Part II - Optical Diagnostics In sCO2 And Experimental Evaluation With Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Fernandez Erik , Gabriel-Ohanu Emmanuel , Veselý Ladislav , Kapat Jayanta , Hosangadi Ashvin , Cooper Paul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the second part of a study in which the leading-edge and suction surface of a compressor blade was modified to delay onset of phase change for sCO2 compressors operating near the critical point. Using a first-of-its-kind apparatus for the measurement of sCO2 flow fields, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used for local flow field measurements of two compressor blade geometries: the modified “biased-wedge,” and a conventional constant thickness blade. Utilizing the developed hardware, the feasibility of a simple, laser-based diagnostic for qualitatively measuring liquid phase regions, is also presented. The design of the optical diagnostics rig, a discussion of numerous challenges, and necessary considerations involved in performing optical-based measurements like PIV, in sCO2, are discussed. Velocity field measurements for the modified compressor profile show a much lower suction peak compared to a conventional blade. These results validate numerical results at the tested conditions, where the suction side profile of the biased wedge works to minimize the local pressure gradient.
Field Performance Testing and Test Codes for Gas Compressors
Authors: Brun Klaus , Kurz Rainer 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Field testing of gas compressor packages requires the accurate determination of efficiency, capacity, head, and power in sometimes less than ideal working environments. The results of field tests have significant implications for the compressor manufacturers and their customers, as economic considerations demand that the performance and efficiency of an installation are verified to assure a project's return on investment. Thus, for the compressor manufacturers, as well as for the end user, an accurate determination of the compressor performance in the field is of vital interest. While field performance tests have to be executed under conditions dictated by the situation at site, factory test codes like ASME PTC10 and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 5389 provide guidance. The former code was recently revised, so a discussion of this revised code in the context of site performance testing is appropriate. A key change in PTC10 is the method to calculate polytropic work, which affects data reduction. It also affirms a method to calculate error propagation and test uncertainties. The discussion includes the appropriate use of equations of State (EOS) and the definition of steady-state requirements. Different methods to define valid operating conditions for the test based on similarity considerations are compared. However, field tests, unlike factory tests, are ultimately conducted based on the conditions at site that may or may not conform with test codes. Therefore, calculation of test uncertainties and the use of observations not covered by the codes are emphasized. The paper attempts to provide guidance for the conduct of field performance tests.
A Computational Study of Temperature-Driven Low Engine Order Forced Response in High Pressure Turbines
Authors: Trafford Alexander , Stapelfeldt Sina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper reports the results of computational studies of the effect of combustor exit temperature distortions on low engine order (LEO) forced response of a high pressure turbine (HPT). Forced response of this kind occurs at frequencies below the stator vane passing frequency (SVPF) and can be a major cause of high cycle fatigue in turbines due to its tendency to excite fundamental modes of vibration. This paper investigates the extent through which temperature distortions act as a forcing stimulus in HPT rotor rows, through measuring unsteady pressure and modal force magnitude recorded from full annulus unsteady simulations of the MT1 stage: a low temperature, unshrouded, HPT rig. Rotor relative incidence angle variations are shown to be the key mechanism through which temperature acts as a forcer in HPT rotor rows while temperature-driven forced response is shown to be dependent on the magnitude of the modal content of the upstream temperature waves. These findings are used to build a reduced domain tool for blocked burner forced response prediction, which is shown to be accurate to a root mean squared (RMS) error of 2.66%, far beyond the current accepted standard for forcing prediction of this kind.
An anti-Shiga toxin VHH nanobody multimer protects mice against fatal toxicosis when administered intramuscularly as repRNA
Authors: Robinson Sally R. , Dayao Denise Ann , Medina Jhon A. , Martone Cara J. , Yauch Anne K. , Hinkley Troy , Erasmus Jesse H. , Shoemaker Charles B. , Tzipori Saul 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a systemic sequelae from gastrointestinal infection with Shiga toxin (Stx) producing
Escherichia coli
(STEC) that can result in acute kidney injury, lasting renal disease, and death. Despite a window for intervention between hemorrhagic diarrhea and onset of HUS, no specific therapies exist to prevent or treat HUS following STEC infection. Furthermore, there is no way to predict which patients with STEC will develop HUS or any rapid way to determine which Stx variant is present. To address this, we have broadened the therpay to neutralize additional toxin variants. It contains a multimer of nanobodies derived from camelid heavy chain antibody fragments (VHHs). An improved
V
HH-based
n
eutralizing
a
gent (VNA2) is delivered intramuscularly as RNA combined with LION nanoparticles rather than mRNA, that replicates on administration (repRNA), resulting in a rapidly circulating VNA that can bind systemic toxin. The RNA/VNA2-Stx administered intramuscularly prevents toxicity and death in a mouse model of acute Stx toxicity.
Paediatric family activation rapid response (FARR) in acute care: a qualitative study for developing a multilingual application (app) intervention
Authors: Marufu Takawira C , Taylor Nicola , Cresham Fox Shannon , Popejoy Emma , Boardman Rachel , Manning Joseph C 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundDelayed recognition of clinical deterioration can result in harm to patients. Parents/carers can often recognise changes in the child’s condition before healthcare professionals (HCPs). To mitigate the risk of failure to rescue and promote early intervention, family-activated rapid response (FARR) systems are part of family-integrated care. Mechanisms for parents/carers to escalate concerns regarding their child’s clinical status remain limited to direct verbal communication, which may impede those with communication/linguistic challenges.AimTo develop a digital multilingual intervention by which families/carers can escalate their concerns directly to the rapid response team while in acute paediatric care.MethodsA single-centre qualitative, co-design app development study was conducted. Evidence synthesis from a systematic review of the international literature informed interviews on intervention prototype development using co-design focus groups. Participant recruitment targeted underserved communities for multilingual functionality validity. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsThirty parents/carers (n=16) and HCPs (n=14) participated in the study. Three themes were generated from the data analysis: (1) relational considerations; communication, professional and parental attributes, and collaborative working; (2) technology considerations; app content, usage and outcomes; and (3) individual and environmental considerations; parental and professional elements, and workload. A FARR app prototype was developed based on the data.ConclusionThe prototype app provides a platform to develop a coordinated and consistent technological approach to paediatric FARR that acknowledges cultural nuances and preferences, ensuring that parents can communicate in a manner that aligns with their cultural background and communication abilities, thereby enhancing the quality of care delivered.
The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on patients with congenital heart disease in England: a case-control study
Authors: Harrison Catriona , Frain Simon , Jalalinajafabadi Farideh , Williams Simon G , Keavney Bernard 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundStudies predating widespread COVID-19 vaccination identified patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) as a group at increased risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19. Here we evaluate the impact of vaccination on COVID-19 outcomes among patients with CHD.MethodsWe conducted a case-control study using linked English electronic health records (n=3 18 135). Patients with CHD were matched with controls by age, sex, ethnicity and GP practice. The ‘prevaccination’ cohort comprised unvaccinated patients with CHD and matched controls with first-recorded SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 March and 8 December 2020 (7805 cases, 27 620 controls). The ‘post-vaccination’ cohort comprised vaccinated patients with CHD and matched controls with first-recorded SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 March 2021 and 1 April 2022, at least 14 days after vaccination (57 550 cases, 225 160 controls). Odds of severe COVID-19 outcomes were compared using conditional logistic regression. We also compared the rate at which vaccine efficacy diminished, and the incidence of vaccine-associated complications.ResultsCompared with the prevaccination cohort, postvaccination patients with CHD exhibited markedly reduced rates of COVID-19-related hospitalisation (0.5% vs 15.8%) and mortality rates (0.5% vs 4.6%). Compared with vaccinated controls, vaccinated patients with CHD remained at increased risk of hospitalisation (0.5% vs 0.2%, adjusted OR 2.24 (1.88–2.65); p<0.001) and death (0.5% vs 0.3%, adjusted OR 1.81 (1.54–2.13); p<0.001). There was no evidence that vaccine efficacy declined faster in patients with CHD, or that patients with CHD experienced a larger increase in incidence of myocarditis, pericarditis or thrombotic events.ConclusionWe observed a lower absolute risk of hospitalisation and death from COVID-19 in CHD patients after vaccination. However, in vaccinated CHD patients, an elevated risk of severe outcomes persists compared with vaccinated people without CHD. These results emphasise the importance of vaccination in the CHD population, and of vigilance among care providers dealing with COVID-19 infection in CHD patients, even if fully vaccinated.
Poor long-term outcomes and abnormal neurodegeneration biomarkers after military traumatic brain injury: the ADVANCE study
Authors: Graham Neil SN , Blissitt Grace , Zimmerman Karl , Orton Lydia , Friedland Daniel , Coady Emma , Laban Rhiannon , Veleva Elena , Heslegrave Amanda J , Zetterberg Henrik , Schofield Susie , Fear Nicola T , Boos Christopher J , Bull Anthony M J , Bennett Alexander , Sharp David J 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is common in military campaigns and is a risk factor for dementia.ArmeDSerVices TrAuma and RehabilitatioNOutComE-TBI (ADVANCE-TBI) aims to ascertain neurological outcomes in UK military personnel with major battlefield trauma, leveraging advances in quantification of axonal breakdown markers like neurofilament light (NfL), and astroglial marker glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) in blood. We aimed to describe the causes, prevalence and consequences of TBI, and its fluid biomarker associations.MethodsTBI history was ascertained in 1145 servicemen and veterans, of whom 579 had been exposed to major trauma. Functional and mental health assessments were administered, and blood samples were collected approximately 8 years postinjury, with plasma biomarkers quantified (n=1125) for NfL, GFAP, total tau, phospho-tau181, amyloid-β 42 and 40. Outcomes were related to neurotrauma exposure.ResultsTBI was present in 16.9% (n=98) of exposed participants, with 46.9% classified as mild-probable and 53.1% classified as moderate to severe. Depression (β=1.65, 95% CI (1.33 to 2.03)), anxiety (β=1.65 (1.34 to 2.03)) and post-traumatic stress disorder (β=1.30 (1.19 to 1.41)) symptoms were more common after TBI, alongside poorer 6 minute walk distance (β=0.79 (0.74 to 0.84)) and quality of life (β=1.27 (1.19 to 1.36), all p<0.001). Plasma GFAP was 11% (95% CI 2 to 21) higher post-TBI (p=0.013), with greater concentrations in moderate-to-severe injuries (47% higher than mild-probable (95% CI 20% to 82%, p<0.001). Unemployment was more common among those with elevated GFAP levels post-TBI, showing a 1.14-fold increase (95% CI 1.03 to 1.27, p<0.001) for every doubling in GFAP concentration.ConclusionsTBI affected nearly a fifth of trauma-exposed personnel, related to worse mental health, motor and functional outcomes, as well as elevated plasma GFAP levels 8 years post-injury. This was absent after extracranial trauma, and showed a dose-response relationship with the severity of the injury.
Association of fluoroquinolones with the risk of spontaneous pneumothorax: nationwide case–time–control study
Authors: Bénard-Laribière Anne , Pambrun Elodie , Kouzan Serge , Faillie Jean-Luc , Bezin Julien , Pariente Antoine 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionFluoroquinolones can cause severe collagen-associated adverse effects, potentially impacting the pulmonary connective tissue. We investigated the association between fluoroquinolones and spontaneous pneumothorax.MethodsA case–time–control study was performed using the nationwide French reimbursement healthcare system database (SNDS). Cases were adults ≥18 years admitted for spontaneous pneumothorax between 2017 and 2022. For each case, fluoroquinolone use was compared between the risk period immediately preceding the admission date (days −30 to −1), and three earlier reference periods (days −180 to −151, −150 to −121, −120 to −91), adjusting for time-varying confounders. OR estimates were corrected for potential exposure-trend bias using a reference group without the event (matched on age, sex, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease history, calendar time). Amoxicillin use was studied similarly to control for indication bias.ResultsOf the 246 pneumothorax cases exposed to fluoroquinolones (63.8% men; mean age, 43.0±18.4 years), 63 were exposed in the 30-day risk period preceding pneumothorax and 128 in the reference periods. Of the 3316 amoxicillin cases (72.9% men; mean age, 39.4±17.6 years), 1210 were exposed in the 30-day risk period and 1603 in the reference ones. OR adjusted for exposure-trend and covariates was 1.59 (95% CI 1.14 to 2.22) for fluoroquinolones and 2.25 (2.07 to 2.45) for amoxicillin.ConclusionAn increased risk of spontaneous pneumothorax was associated with both fluoroquinolone and amoxicillin use, with an even higher association for amoxicillin. This strongly suggests the role of the underlying infections rather than a causal effect of the individual antibiotics and can be considered reassuring regarding a potential lung connective toxicity of fluoroquinolones.
Dynamic Reliability Analysis of Continuous Girder Bridge with Fractional Order Dampers Under Non-Stationary Random Excitation
Authors: Yang Bowen , Zhang Chuanjiang , Luo Fei , Liu Shan , Jia Shaomin , Wei Zhaolan 
Published: October 2024

Due to the improvement of seismic design standards, viscoelastic dampers have been rapidly developed and widely applied in bridge structures. Currently, there is limited research on dynamic reliability analysis of large bridge structures equipped with fractional-order dampers. In this paper, a hybrid method combining the time-domain explicit method and Markov process is proposed for the dynamic reliability analysis of multi-span continuous girder bridges with fractional-order dampers under non-stationary random excitation. This method introduces a fractional damping system and non-stationary random excitation to simulate both the bridge structure and external forces. The response coefficient matrix of the fractional damping structure is solved using the time-domain explicit method, and the response variance is directly calculated using the moment algorithm. The dynamic reliability analysis is then performed by applying the Markov process based on the structural response variance. Compared to traditional methods for structural dynamic reliability analysis, this approach offers higher computational efficiency and greater accuracy. By analyzing the response variance and dynamic reliability of a four-span continuous girder bridge equipped with viscoelastic dampers, the proposed method is validated using the Monte Carlo method.
Comparison of 3D Gradient‐Echo Versus 2D Sequences for Assessing Shoulder Joint Image Quality in MRI
Authors: Shirani Shapoor , Mousavi Najmeh-Sadat , Talib Milad Ali , Bagheri Mohammad Ali , Jazayeri Gharebagh Elahe , Hameed Qasim Abdulsahib Jaafar , Dehghani Sadegh 
Published: October 2024

Background: Three‐dimensional gradient‐echo (3D‐GRE) sequences provide isotropic or nearly isotropic 3D images, leading to better visualization of smaller structures, compared to two‐dimensional (2D) sequences. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare 2D and 3D‐GRE sequences in terms of key imaging metrics, including signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR), glenohumeral joint space, image quality, artifacts, and acquisition time in shoulder joint images, using 1.5‐T MRI scanner.Methods: Thirty‐five normal volunteers with no history of shoulder disorders prospectively underwent a shoulder MRI examination with conventional 2D sequences, including T1‐ and T2‐weighted fast spin echo (T1/T2w FSE) as well as proton density‐weighted FSE with fat saturation (PD‐FS) followed by 3D‐GRE sequences including VIBE, TRUEFISP, DESS, and MEDIC techniques. Two independent reviewers assessed all images of the shoulder joints. Pearson correlation coefficient and intra‐RR were used for reliability test.Results: Among 3D‐GRE sequences, TRUEFISP showed significantly the best CNR between cartilage‐bone (31.37 ± 2.57, p < 0.05) and cartilage‐muscle (13.51 ± 1.14, p < 0.05). TRUEFISP also showed the highest SNR for cartilage (41.65 ± 2.19, p < 0.01) and muscle (26.71 ± 0.79, p < 0.05). Furthermore, 3D‐GRE sequences showed significantly higher image quality, compared to 2D sequences (p < 0.001). Moreover, the acquisition time of the 3D‐GRE sequences was considerably shorter than the total acquisition time of PD‐FS sequences in three orientations (p < 0.01).Conclusions: 3D‐GRE sequences provide superior image quality and efficiency for evaluating articular joints, particularly in shoulder imaging. The TRUEFISP technique offers the best contrast and signal quality, making it a valuable tool in clinical practice.
A Step Forward in Identifying Socially Desirable Respondents: An Integrated Machine Learning Model Considering T‐Scores, Response Time, Kinematic Indicators, and Eye Movements
Authors: Mazza Cristina , Ceccato Irene , Cannito Loreta , Monaro Merylin , Ricci Eleonora , Bartolini Emanuela , Cardinale Alessandra , Di Crosta Adolfo , Cardaioli Matteo , La Malva Pasquale , Colasanti Marco , Tambelli Renata , Giromini Luciano , Palumbo Rocco , Palumbo Riccardo , Di Domenico Alberto , Roma Paolo 
Published: October 2024

Context: In high‐stakes assessments, such as court cases or managerial evaluations, decision‐makers heavily rely on psychological testing. These assessments often play a crucial role in determining important decisions that affect a person’s life and have a significant impact on society.Problem Statement: Research indicates that many psychological assessments are compromised by respondents’ deliberate distortions and inaccurate self‐presentations. Among these sources of bias, socially desirable responding (SDR) describes the tendency to provide overly positive self‐descriptions. This positive response bias can invalidate test results and lead to inaccurate assessments.Objectives: The present study is aimed at investigating the utility of mouse‐ and eye‐tracking technologies for detecting SDR in psychological assessments. By integrating these technologies, the study sought to develop more effective methods for identifying when respondents are presenting themselves in a favorable light.Methods: Eighty‐five participants completed the Lie (L) and Correction (K) scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐2 (MMPI‐2) twice: once answering honestly and once presenting themselves in a favorable light, with the order of conditions balanced. Repeated measures univariate analyses were conducted on L and K scale T‐scores, as well as on mouse‐ and eye‐tracking features, to compare the honest and instructed SDR conditions. Additionally, machine learning models were developed to integrate T‐scores, kinematic indicators, and eye movements for predicting SDR.Results: The results showed that participants in the SDR condition recorded significantly higher T‐scores, longer response times, wider mouse trajectories, and avoided looking at the answers they intended to fake, compared to participants in the honest condition. Machine learning algorithms predicted SDR with 70%–78% accuracy.Conclusion: New assessment strategies using mouse‐ and eye‐tracking can help practitioners identify whether data is genuine or fabricated, potentially enhancing decision‐making accuracy.Implications: Combining self‐report measures with implicit data can improve SDR detection, particularly in managerial, organizational, and forensic contexts where precise assessments are crucial.
Prayer in Crisis
Authors: Adams Scott Lewis 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article examines the topics of prayer and the Spirit (Paraclete) that appear in textual sequence in Lk. 11.9–13 and Jn 14.13–17 but are absent from Mark and Matthew. While much attention has been devoted to the Lukan sequence, scholars have failed to offer a detailed analysis concerning the Johannine sequence and how it contributes to the author’s rhetorical and missiological agendas. Therefore, this article seeks to contribute to the scholarly discussion by examining both the Lukan and Johannine sequences on their own terms and in light of one another in order to elucidate how they function within the crises that are unique to each Gospel tradition. In the final analysis, this article will demonstrate that both Luke and John establish a relationship between prayer and the promise of pneumatic assistance that is not attested by Mark or Matthew.
Livres polémiques imprimés en arabe, en Moldavie et en Valachie, au milieu du XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Chițulescu Policarp 
Published: October 2024

Résumé
Les livres arabes imprimés dans les Principautés roumaines au milieu du XVIIIe siècle par le patriarche Sylvestre d’Antioche, avec l’aide généreuse des princes Ioan et Constantin Mavrocordat et de nombreux partisans locaux, étaient très recherchés dans les provinces arabophones de l’Empire ottoman. Ainsi, les copies ont presque entièrement disparu, détruites par un usage intense ou le passage du temps, ou pour des raisons confessionnelles. Par conséquent, les livres arabes du patriarche Sylvestre sont extrêmement rares de nos jours, leur contenu restant peu connu et peu étudié, une circonstance qui est révélée par leur absence dans les bibliographies et les études scientifiques du monde entier. Il est donc impératif de faire des recherches approfondies sur les livres arabes de Iași et de Bucarest imprimés en soutien aux chrétiens orthodoxes arabophones, de découvrir le contexte historique qui a généré un besoin d’œuvres polémiques imprimées en arabe, et les efforts du clergé orthodoxe et des princes roumains pour la consolidation de l’orthodoxie au Levant. Cette étude démontre que des projets véritablement missionnaires tels que celui du patriarche Sylvestre ont placé les sociétés roumaine, grecque, arabe et ottomane dans une interdépendance fascinante. L’article présente les résultats de nos recherches consacrées à l’imprimerie arabe en Moldavie et en Valachie à l’époque du patriarche Sylvestre d’Antioche en soutien à ses ouailles orthodoxes arabophones.