bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer's disease clinical variants show distinct neuroinflammatory profiles with neuropathology
Authors: Boon Baayla D. C. , Frigerio Irene , de Gooijer Danae , Morrema Tjado H. J. , Bol John , Galis ‐ de Graaf Yvon , Heymans Martijn ,   Netherlands Brain Bank, Murray Melissa E. ,   Normal Aging Brain Collection Amsterdam, van der Lee Sven J. , Holstege Henne , van de Berg Wilma D. J. , Jonkman Laura E. , Rozemuller Annemieke J. M. , Bouwman Femke H. , Hoozemans Jeroen J. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimsAlthough the neuroanatomical distribution of tau and amyloid‐β is well studied in Alzheimer's disease (AD) (non)‐amnestic clinical variants, that of neuroinflammation remains unexplored. We investigate the neuroanatomical distribution of activated myeloid cells, astrocytes, and complement alongside amyloid‐β and phosphorylated tau in a clinically well‐defined prospectively collected AD cohort.MethodsClinical variants were diagnosed antemortem, and brain tissue was collected post‐mortem. Typical AD (n = 10), behavioural/dysexecutive AD (n = 6), posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) AD (n = 3), and controls (n = 10) were neuropathologically assessed for AD neuropathology, concurrent pathology including Lewy body disease, limbic‐predominant age‐related TDP‐43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE‐NC), and vascular pathology. For quantitative assessment, we analysed the corticolimbic distribution of phosphorylated tau, amyloid‐β, CD68, MHC‐II, C4b, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) using digital pathology.ResultsPhosphorylated tau was distinctly distributed in each variant. In all variants, amyloid‐β was neocortical‐dominant, with a notable increase in the middle frontal cortex of behavioural/dysexecutive AD. Typical AD and PCA AD had no concurrent Lewy body disease, whereas three out of six cases with behavioural/dysexecutive AD did. LATE‐NC stage >0 was observed in three AD cases, two typical AD (stage 1/3), and one behavioural/dysexecutive AD (stage 2/3). Vascular pathology was present in each variant. In typical AD, CD68 and MHC‐II were hippocampal‐dominant. In behavioural/dysexecutive AD, C4b was elevated in the middle frontal and inferior parietal cortex. In PCA AD, MHC‐II was increased in the fusiform gyrus, and GFAP in parietal cortices. Correlations between AD neuropathology and neuroinflammation were distinct within variants.ConclusionsOur data suggests that different involvement of neuroinflammation may add to clinical heterogeneity in AD, which has implications for neuroinflammation‐based biomarkers and future therapeutics.
A randomised controlled trial to determine the effect of genotype‐based personalised diet and physical activity advice for FTO genotype (rs9939609) delivered via email on healthy eating motivation in young adults
Authors: King Alexandra , Glaister Mark , Lawrence Kate , Nixon Jonathan , Pilic Leta , Mavrommatis Yiannis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe prevalence of obesity continues to rise, and public health dietary recommendations are not being adhered to. The transition to higher education is a period of risk for weight gain in young adults and has been demonstrated as a good time to initiate behaviour change. A genotype‐based personalised approach to dietary recommendations may motivate young adults to maintain or adopt positive dietary behaviours. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of genotype‐based personalised dietary and physical activity advice on healthy eating motivation in young adults. Participants were young adults (n = 153), aged 18–25 years. Baseline measures (participant characteristics, height, weight, body mass index [BMI], body fat percentage [BF%], healthy eating motivation and physical activity) were collected. Participants were genotyped for a SNP in the FTO gene (rs99396090) and randomly allocated (stratified for genotype) to three different groups (1. Genotype‐based personalised advice: dietary and physical activity advice based on genotype, BMI and reported physical activity; 2. Non‐genotype‐based personalised advice: dietary and physical activity advice based on BMI and reported physical activity; 3. Control: no advice). A week after receipt of advice delivered via email, participants completed the healthy eating motivation questionnaire for a second time. Genotype‐based personalised dietary advice did not affect healthy eating motivation: when participants were analysed across the whole group (p = 0.417), when analysed according to those informed of a risk or non‐risk‐associated genotype (p = 0.287), or when analysed according to those with a BMI (>25 kg/m2; p = 0.336) or BF% (male >18%, female >31%; p = 0.387) outside the healthy range. There was also no significant difference in healthy eating motivation at 1‐week in the control or non‐genotype‐based advice groups. Genotype‐based personalised advice for the prevention of obesity did not affect healthy eating motivation in this group of healthy, young adults.
Cumulative influence of immunogenic factors, genetic variations, and protein modulations in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE): A narrative review
Authors: Pandey Nikhil , Srivastava Niraj Kumar , Kumar Anand , Hussain Ibrahim , Joshi Deepika 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSubacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive and catastrophic neurodegenerative disorder due to persistent infection with the aberrant measles virus in the brain. The exact etiology of SSPE is still unknown, and early diagnosis remains a challenge, especially with the atypical presentations. The pathogenesis of SSPE involves a complex interplay between viral factors and immunological response of the host. The presenting review demonstrates an extensive glimpse of the immuno‐genetics of SSPE, exploring the single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genetic risk factors and immune responses that influence susceptibility and disease progression.
Refining the genetic diagnostic puzzle: A case report on a Chinese ARPKD patient with a reciprocal balanced translocation and c.2507 T > C (p.V836A) in PKHD1
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Sheng Wenchao , Liu Nan , Fan Wenxuan , Zhang Shuyue , Sun Yuanyuan , Cai Yingzi , Li Dong , Shu Jianbo , Cai Chunquan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionAutosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) ranks among the most severe chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Its primary cause is variants in the Polycystic Kidney and Hepatic Disease 1 gene (PKHD1). The clinical spectrum of ARPKD varies widely, ranging from mild late‐onset symptoms to severe perinatal mortality. However, achieving an early genetic diagnosis in ARPKD patients before clinical symptoms appear proves challenging.Case PresentationThis case is a 4‐year‐old boy who experienced a convulsion characterized by a generalized tonic attack lasting approximately 3‐5 minutes and later sought treatment to our hospital. However, routine abdominal ultrasound examination accidentally detected that he had diffuse liver lesions, splenomegaly, and bilateral renal enlargement with renal pelvis dilation. Given the uncertainty regarding the underlying cause of the patient's structural abnormalities and convulsions, karyotyping, whole exome sequencing (WES), structural variant analysis (SV analysis) of whole genome sequencing (WGS) were recommended. The result of SV analysis revealed that he has an RBT impacting PKHD1 and the precise location of breakpoints was confirmed through Long‐Range Polymerase Chain Reaction (LR‐PCR). However, WES did not screen out pathogenic variants initially, the WES data was reviewed subsequently based on SV analysis results.ConclusionWe identified an infrequent variant combination, c.2507T>C (p.V836A) in PKHD1 and an RBT with broken PKHD1, which extends the genetic spectrum of ARPKD, and provide a basis for further genetic counselling to the family.
Genetic and molecular regulation of fruit development in cucumber
Authors: Zhao Jianyu , Song Weiyuan , Zhang Xiaolan 
Published: October 2024

SummaryFruit development can be generally classified into a set of biologically sequential stages including fruit initiation, growth, and ripening. Cucumber, a globally important vegetable crop, displays two important features during fruit development: parthenocarpy at fruit initiation and prematurity at harvest for consumption. Therefore, fruit growth plays essential role for cucumber yield and quality formation, and has become the research hot spot in cucumber fruit development. Here, we describe recent advances in molecular mechanisms underlying fruit growth in cucumber, include key players and regulatory networks controlling fruit length variation, fruit neck elongation, and locule development. We also provide insights into future directions for scientific research and breeding strategies in cucumber.
Caught in the Act: A Detailed Analysis of Cardiac Event Monitoring in a Cohort of Pediatric and ACHD Patients
Authors: Srivatsav Ashwin , Thompson Zachery J. , Bruno Michael A. , Stephens Sara B. , Gutierrez Maria Elena , Miyake Christina Y. , Morris Shaine A. , Dan Pham Tam , Valdes Santiago O. , Kim Jeffrey J. , Howard Taylor S. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEvent monitors are being increasingly used in pediatric and adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients for arrhythmia evaluation. Data on their diagnostic yield are limited.ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic yield of event monitors, patient characteristics associated with critical events, and clinical response to events.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed event monitors prescribed to patients at our institution's Heart Center from 2017 to 2020. Thirty‐day event monitor tracings were reviewed by an electrophysiologist (EP) to identify critical events defined as supraventricular tachycardia (SVT, re‐entrant, atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, and atrial fibrillation), ventricular tachycardia (VT), atrioventricular block, and pauses greater than 3 s. Patient characteristics and treatment data were collected. Characteristics associated with events were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Trends in monitor prescription over time, diagnostic yield, and clinical response to events were analyzed.Results204/2330 (8.8%) event monitors had EP‐confirmed critical events. Critical events included SVT (51.5%), VT (38.5%), atrioventricular block (4%), and pauses (6%). 129/198 (65%) patients with critical events underwent treatment. Event monitoring usage increased by 52% between 2017 and 2020 (p < 0.0001). Complex CHD (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3–3.4, p = 0.004), cardiomyopathy (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.5–4.8, p < 0.001), and EP‐ordered monitors (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.1, p = 0.001) were more highly associated with critical events.ConclusionEvent monitor use is common, and critical events were captured in 8.8% of patients. The majority of patients with critical events underwent treatment. Factors associated with critical events include EPs as ordering providers, complex CHD, and cardiomyopathy.
The Role of Atrial Premature Complexes in Exercise Test in Predicting Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Without Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Tezen Ozan , Pay Levent , Yumurtaş Ahmet Çağdaş , Çetin Tuğba , Eren Semih , Öz Melih , Coşkun Cahit , Karabacak Cemre , Yenitürk Birkan , Çınar Tufan , Hayıroğlu Mert İlker 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is usually triggered by frequent atrial premature complexes (APC) and atrial tachycardias originated in the pulmonary veins. The aim of the current study is to clarify the relationship between AF and APCs observed during treadmill exercise testing through long‐term patient follow‐up.Material and MethodsOur study only examined the data of patients who did not have any obstructive coronary artery disease and had an exercise test. In total, 1559 patients were included in this research. The study data were divided into two groups according to the development of AF during follow‐up. The patients who developed any type of AF during the follow‐up period were classified as AF (+). Mean follow‐up time for AF (+) and (−) groups were 48 and 47 months, respectively.ResultsIn the univariable analysis, age, LAAP, and the presence of APCs (HR: 3.906, 95% CI: 2.848–5.365, p < 0.001) during the treadmill exercise test were significantly associated with the development of AF. In the multivariable analysis, age (adjusted HR: 1.063, 95% CI: 1.043–1.083, p < 0.001) and the presence of APCs during the treadmill exercise test (adjusted HR: 2.504, 95% CI: 1.759–3.565, p < 0.001) emerged as independent risk factors for the development of AF. The AF‐free survival was significantly lower in the APCs (+) patients compared with the APCs (−) patients (log rank p < 0.001).ConclusionOur study revealed that individuals without obstructive CAD who exhibited frequent APCs during treadmill exercise tests were more likely to develop AF.
Effect of different electric stimulation modalities on pain and functionality of patients with pelvic pain: Systematic review with META‐analysis
Authors: Mendes Camilla F. , Oliveira Luciene S. , Garcez Priscila A. , Azevedo‐Santos Isabela F. , DeSantana Josimari M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionPelvic pain is located in the anterior abdominal wall, below the umbilical scar. Its treatment includes pharmacological therapy, which can cause adverse effects and is not always sufficient to control symptoms. Thus, the use of adjunct therapies such as electric stimulation has been suggested. Therefore, this review intends to appraise the literature on the effectiveness of electrostimulation in the treatment of pelvic pain.MethodsThe search for studies was conducted until April 2024 in PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, SciELO, PEDro, CINAHL, BVS, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases using a combination of Mesh terms “Electric Stimulation” and “Pelvic Pain.” Risk of bias assessment and meta‐analysis were performed with The Cochrane Collaboration tool (RevMan 5.4). Quality of the evidence was assessed with GRADE tool.ResultsFrom the 3247 studies found, 19 were included. In the qualitative analysis, seven studies showed TENS, electroacupuncture, PTNS, and tDCS reduced pain intensity, one study on PTNS showed increased quality of life, and one on tDCS showed improved functional performance. However, in the meta‐analysis, only TENS showed efficacy for the reduction of acute pelvic pain and primary dysmenorrhea.ConclusionOur results indicate that there is moderate‐quality evidence for TENS to reduce pain intensity in primary dysmenorrhea and low‐quality evidence for the same outcome in acute pelvic pain. Randomized controlled clinical trials with larger sample size and with better methodological quality are needed to establish the effectiveness of other forms of electrical stimulation in pelvic pain.
Happy couples “see” helpful partners: Relationship quality predicts biased perceptions of partner instrumentality to one's goals
Authors: O'Brien Emily R. , Forest Amanda L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPerceiving a romantic partner as instrumental to one's goals predicts myriad desirable relationship outcomes. However, little is known about the origins of perceived partner instrumentality (PPI)—particularly about factors that may bias PPI. In two studies, we provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that relationship quality predicts biased PPI. In a dyadic correlational study (Study 1) and an imagined scenario study in which we experimentally manipulated partner instrumentality levels (Study 2), participants reporting higher relationship quality perceived their partners as more instrumental to their goals—even when controlling for depressive symptoms, and when controlling for partner‐reported (Study 1) or enacted partner (Study 2) instrumentality. Additionally, in Study 1 (but not Study 2), relationship quality attenuated a negative association between depressive symptoms and PPI. Study 2 also revealed that perceiving a partner as more instrumental predicted greater intentions to provide instrumental support to that partner in the future. These findings fill important gaps in the instrumentality and relationships literature, identifying antecedents of PPI and offering insights into how PPI may predict relationship functioning.
Revealing the different levels of action monitoring in visuomotor transformation task: Evidence from decomposition of cortical potentials
Authors: Syrov Nikolay , Muhammad Daha Garba , Medvedeva Alexandra , Yakovlev Lev , Kaplan Alexander , Lebedev Mikhail 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the cortical correlates of motor response control and monitoring, using the Theory of Event Coding (TEC) as a framework to investigate signals related to low‐level sensory processing of motor reafference and high‐level response monitoring, including verification of response outcomes with the internal model. We used a visuomotor paradigm with two targets at different distances from the participant. For the recorded movement‐related cortical potentials (MRCPs), we analyzed their different components and assessed the movement phases during which they are active. Residual iteration decomposition (RIDE) and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) were used for this analysis. Using RIDE, we separated MRCPs into signals related to different parallel processes of visuomotor transformation: stimulus processing (S‐cluster), motor response preparation and execution (R‐cluster), and intermediate processes (C‐cluster). We revealed sequential activation in the R‐cluster, with execution‐related negative components and positive contralateral peaks reflecting reafference processing. We also identified the motor post‐imperative negative variation within the R‐cluster, highlighting the response outcome evaluation process included in the action file. Our findings extend the understanding of C‐cluster signals, typically associated with stimulus–response mapping, by demonstrating C‐activation from the preparatory stages through to response termination, highlighting its participation in action monitoring. In addition, we highlighted the ability of MVPA to identify movement‐related attribute encoding: where statistical analysis showed independence of stimulus processing activity from movement distance, MVPA revealed distance‐related differences in the S‐cluster within a time window aligned with the lateralized readiness potential (LRP). This highlights the importance of integrating RIDE and MVPA to uncover the intricate neural dynamics of motor control, sensory integration, and response monitoring.
Sertraline medications plus dialectical behavior therapy for depressed adolescents with nonsuicidal self‐injury behaviors
Authors: Liu Chaoqun , Ye Xinwu , Chen Minshan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study aims to investigate the efficacy of sertraline medication plus dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in reducing nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) behavior and depression among adolescents.MethodsParticipants were 100 adolescents with depression and NSSI behaviors, 50 of whom received sertraline medication plus DBT and 50 of whom received sertraline medication plus cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for 12 weeks.ResultsDuring 6 months post intervention, 26 (57.8%) participants did not report having engaged in any form of NSSI in the sertraline + DBT group and 15 (32.6%) in the sertraline + CBT group, showing significant difference. The sertraline + DBT group and the sertraline + CBT group exhibited significant difference regarding the proportions of cutting skin and biting self. The scores of anxiety, depression, aggression against self in four modified overt aggression scale categories, and Personal and Social Performance were notably lower in the sertraline + DBT group than those in the sertraline + CBT group at 6 months post intervention.ConclusionSertraline medication plus DBT could decrease NSSI episodes and improve symptoms of anxiety and depression for adolescents, and these changes were comparable to those of CBT. More importantly, DBT was demonstrated better clinical improvements at 6‐month follow‐up.
Names and existence
Authors: Goldstick D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn practice, the inquiry into whether Socrates/William Tell/Robin Hood really existed hinges on the origin of the causal sequence leading up to the present use of the name employed for the personage in question, even though the occurrence of a Kripkean ‘baptism’ is not a logical consequence of most assertions employing that name, but only an ‘implication’ like the sort that makes examples of Moore's paradox (e.g. 'It is raining, but I have no idea whether it is raining’) strike ordinary language users as ‘inconsistent’. But with any express assertions or denials of the existence of the personage named, the attribution of Kripkean sense to the name is unavoidable.
Secondary anti‐viral prophylaxis in solid organ transplant recipients for the prevention of cytomegalovirus relapse: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Moynan David , Higgins Eibhlin , Passerini Matteo , Prokop Larry J. , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Razonable Raymund R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs). Secondary prophylaxis (SP) is not routinely recommended by guidelines on the management of CMV in SOTR but may be considered in certain higher‐risk situations.MethodsA comprehensive search of English language publications up to September 2023 was performed. The primary outcome was CMV relapse, defined as the recurrence of DNAemia or disease. Secondary outcomes included graft loss, mortality, and hematological toxicity. Meta‐analysis used the random‐effects model. The study protocol is registered in PROSPERO (no. CRD42022357028).ResultsSix retrospective comparative studies were included. A total of 520/727 (72%) of SOTR received SP with valganciclovir. The meta‐analysis did not demonstrate a significant difference in CMV relapse (odds ratio [OR] 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–2.63). Heterogeneity between the studies was low (I2 = 0%, p = 0.57). SP was significantly associated with a reduction in mortality (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.07–0.54) but not graft loss (OR 0.67, 0.17–2.63). There was no significant difference in CMV relapse among kidney‐specific SOTR (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.65–2.96).ConclusionEvidence from six nonrandomized studies is limited and cannot support a recommendation for or against routine SP in SOTR treated for CMV infection. Awaiting prospective‐controlled trials, the decision about SP should depend on individualized risk‐profile assessments by experienced clinicians.
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