bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free‐Standing Silver Nanocube/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Paper for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Fan Wei , Yue‐E Miao , Ling Xingyi , Liu Tianxi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) as a powerful analytical tool has gained extensive attention. Despite of many efforts in the design of SERS substrates, it remains a great challenge for creating a universal substrate with long‐term stability and reproducible SERS signals. In this work, Ag nanocubes and graphene oxide (GO) suspension were mixed to form a stable solution and further vacuum filtrated to obtain a free‐standing hybrid paper. The Ag/GO hybrid papers exhibit excellent SERS activity because of the synergistic effect of Ag nanocubes and GO sheets. GO sheets can act as both SERS enhancement substrate and framework for supporting Ag nanocubes. Moreover, GO sheets can protect Ag nanoparticles from oxidation under ambient condition for prolonged life time SERS substrate. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of the free‐standing and flexible Ag/GO hybrid paper to enable direct, real‐time and reliable detection of trace amounts of analytes in aqueous systems. This novel SERS substrate is expected to be applied in real‐time analysis and expands the flexibility of SERS for useful applications in the materials and life science.
Graphene‐Based Sulfur Composites for Energy Storage and Conversion in Li‐S Batteries
Authors: Gu Xingxing , Zhang Shanqing , Hou Yanglong 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThere are growing research interests in developing high‐performance energy storage systems to meet the demands for large‐scale and sustainable energy storage. The lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries have drawn numerous attentions due to their exceptionally high energy density compared with other batteries. However, achieving the high capacities with long‐term cycle stability and retaining an essentially high sulfur loading remains a tremendous challenge for the designs of Li‐S batteries. Graphene is regarded as a very suitable and promising addition to the compositions for Li‐S batteries due to its unique two dimensional (2D) structure, high conductivity and superior mechanical flexibility. Besides, the functional groups of graphene surface can be tuned flexibly to immobilize the S/Li2Sx on the graphene surface during the cycling process. In this review, the development of graphene‐sulfur composites and their applications in Li‐S batteries are discussed. The attempts are also devoted to the synthesis approaches of various graphene‐based sulfur composites, the graphene‐sulfur interaction and the impacts on the electrochemical performances as well as the major issues of Li‐S batteries.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of 3‐((4‐(t‐Butyl)‐2‐(2‐benzylidenehydrazinyl)thiazol‐5‐yl)methyl)quinolin‐2(1H)‐ones as Neuraminidase Inhibitors
Authors: Fang Yilin , Xiao Mengwu , Hu Aixi , Ye Jiao , Lian Wenwen , Liu Ailin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA series of novel 3‐((4‐(t‐butyl)‐2‐(2‐benzylidenehydrazinyl)thiazol‐5‐yl)methyl)quinolin‐2(1H)‐ones (7a–7z) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their ability of inhibiting neuraminidase (NA) of in?uenza H1N1 virus. Some compounds displayed moderate influenza NA inhibitory activity. Compound 7l with the scaffold of 2‐(2‐(2‐methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole was the best one, exhibiting moderate NA inhibitory activity with IC50 of 44.66 µmol/L. Structure‐activity relationship showed that compounds with methoxy or hydroxy groups at the ortho position, fluorine and nitro groups at the meta position and chlorine and bromine groups at the para position of phenyl ring were more active. Docking study indicated that compound 7l has important interactions with some key residues (including Asp151, Glu119, Arg292, Tyr406, and Asn347) and binds to 430‐cavity adjacent to NA active site.
Cytidine Mediated AuAg Nanoclusters as Bright Fluorescent Probe for Tumor Imaging in vivo
Authors: Chen Leifeng , Zhang Yuanyuan , Jiang Hui , Wang Xuemei , Liu Chongyang 
Published: January 2016

AbstractNoble metal clusters is an emerging class of fluorescent probes, avoiding most of the drawbacks of common fluorescent compounds, and they are simple to prepare and have good water solubility, good biocompatibility and excellent fluorescence properties. In this study, we have explored the synthesis of the cytidine mediated gold‐silver nanoclusters (AuAg NCs) and applied it for both in vitro cellular imaging and tumor in vivo detection. Experimental results show that the as‐prepared AuAg NCs can be used as a sensitive fluorescent probe for cancer cells/tissue detection. Especially, it is evident that under the relevant light irradiation with the wavelength of 488 nm, obviously bright fluorescence signal could be readily detected from focus location of inoculating tumor mouse, implying its possible application for the effective in vivo tumor bioimaging.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks Derived Porous Carbons: Syntheses, Porosity and Gas Sorption Properties
Authors: Pei Xiaokun , Chen Yifa , Li Siqing , Zhang Shenghan , Feng Xiao , Zhou Junwen , Wang Bo 
Published: January 2016

AbstractPorous carbon materials derived from metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been brought into stage due to the intrinsic advantages of MOFs such as high porosity and tailorable structure diversity, which might provide infinite possibility in producing porous carbons with diverse structures and various decorations. Inherited from MOFs, the porosity in carbon materials is an important factor to evaluate the performances of porous carbons (e.g. gas sorption properties, electrochemical and catalytic behaviors). Factors that affect the porosity of porous carbon materials are mainly focused on the porosity of pristine MOFs, additives and conducting conditions. However, during past decades there were still no systematical reports on the influence factors of porosity in MOFs derived porous carbon materials and corresponding gas sorption properties. In this review, we will summarize the performances of MOF‐derived carbon materials (i.e. non‐doped porous carbons, heteroatoms doped porous carbons, metal/metal oxide decorated porous carbons) and give a detailed discussion about the connections between the properties and four major effects (calcination temperature, loading of additional precursor, post‐synthetic treatment as well as intrinsic properties of MOFs).
„Jetzt geht’s rund“ – Redoxreaktionen in Alginatbällchen
Authors: Ducci Matthias 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIm Beitrag werden neue, motivierende Experimente zum Themenfeld Redoxreaktionen vorgestellt. Diese laufen in Alginatbällchen ab, in denen einige der Reaktanden eingeschlossen werden. Durch das Eintauchen der Bällchen in verschiedene Medien können z. B. die pH‐Abhängigkeit der Redoxpotentiale einiger Redoxsysteme sowie verschiedene Redoxstufen ein und desselben Redoxsystems optisch eindrucksvoll aufgezeigt werden.
Ticagrelor in Triple Antithrombotic Therapy: Predictors of Ischemic and Bleeding Complications
Authors: Fu Angel , Singh Kuljit , Abunassar Joseph , Malhotra Nikita , Le May Michel , Labinaz Marino , Glover Christopher , Marquis Jean‐Francois , Froeschl Michael , Dick Alexander , Hibbert Benjamin , Chong Aun‐Yeong , So Derek Y. F. ,   on behalf of the CAPITAL Investigators
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatients on dual antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention often have indications for concurrent oral anticoagulation or triple antithrombotic therapy (TT). Although TT may decrease ischemic complications, it may confer increased bleeding risk.HypothesisWe hypothesize that the use of ticagrelor in TT is associated with higher risk of complications; accordingly, we sought to determine predictors of complications in patients on TT.MethodsPatients discharged on TT after percutaneous coronary intervention were followed prospectively for 12 months. The primary endpoint was a composite of ischemic (death, myocardial infarction, stroke) and major bleeding complications or net adverse clinical event (NACE). A major secondary endpoint was BARC (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium) types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. Outcomes were compared between ticagrelor‐ and clopidogrel‐treated patients. Multivariable analyses were performed to elucidate predictors of complications.ResultsTwenty‐seven of 152 patients discharged on TT were on ticagrelor. NACE occurred in 52% of patients and BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding occurred in 18%. There was no difference in the primary or secondary outcome between ticagrelor vs clopidogrel subgroup. On logistic regressions, use of TT in patients with acute coronary syndrome (P = 0.002) and bridging in with ticagrelor (P = 0.02) were associated with increased NACE. Low estimated glomerular filtration rate was an independent predictor of bleeding (P = 0.03).ConclusionsThe risk of bleeding and ischemic complications among patients on TT is similar between those on ticagrelor and clopidogrel. However, caution with use of bridging anticoagulation should be taken when using ticagrelor.
The Effects of Free‐Living Physical Activity on Mortality After Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Loprinzi Paul D. , Addoh Ovuokerie 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious research demonstrates greater survival among coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who engage in cardiac rehabilitation. No national prospective studies, however, have examined the effects of objectively measured free‐living physical activity on mortality among CAD patients, which is important because only 25% of eligible cardiac patients participate in cardiac rehabilitation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between objectively measured free‐living physical activity on all‐cause mortality among a national sample of CAD patients.HypothesisWe hypothesize that free‐living physical activity will be inversely associated with all‐cause mortality risk among CAD patients.MethodsData from the 2003 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, with follow‐up through 2011. Physical activity was assessed over 7 days during waking hours using the ActiGraph 7164 accelerometer.ResultsAmong the 256 CAD adults (representative of 6.5 million CAD patients in the United States), 68 died over the follow‐up period (26.56%). The median follow‐up period was 76.5 months (interquartile range = 62–91 months). After adjustment, for every 60‐minute increase in daily free‐living physical activity, CAD patients had a 16% reduced risk of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio: 0.84, 95% confidence interval: 0.72‐0.97).ConclusionsFree‐living objectively measured physical activity is associated with greater survival among CAD patients in the United States. If confirmed by future research, development of strategies to not only increase participation in supervised cardiac rehabilitation, but also increase participation in free‐living physical activity, are needed.
Identification and Optimization of Anthranilic Acid Based Inhibitors of Replication Protein A
Authors: Patrone James D. , Pelz Nicholas F. , Bates Brittney S. , Souza‐Fagundes Elaine M. , Vangamudi Bhavatarini , Camper Demarco V. , Kuznetsov Alexey G. , Browning Carrie F. , Feldkamp Michael D. , Frank Andreas O. , Gilston Benjamin A. , Olejniczak Edward T. , Rossanese Olivia W. , Waterson Alex G. , Chazin Walter J. , Fesik Stephen W. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractReplication protein A (RPA) is an essential single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA)‐binding protein that initiates the DNA damage response pathway through protein–protein interactions (PPIs) mediated by its 70N domain. The identification and use of chemical probes that can specifically disrupt these interactions is important for validating RPA as a cancer target. A high‐throughput screen (HTS) to identify new chemical entities was conducted, and 90 hit compounds were identified. From these initial hits, an anthranilic acid based series was optimized by using a structure‐guided iterative medicinal chemistry approach to yield a cell‐penetrant compound that binds to RPA70N with an affinity of 812 nm. This compound, 2‐(3‐ (N‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)sulfamoyl)‐4‐methylbenzamido)benzoic acid (20 c), is capable of inhibiting PPIs mediated by this domain.
Virtual Screening and Experimental Validation Identify Novel Inhibitors of the Plasmodium falciparum Atg8–Atg3 Protein–Protein Interaction
Authors: Hain Adelaide U. P. , Miller Alexia S. , Levitskaya Jelena , Bosch Jürgen 
Published: January 2016

AbstractNew therapies are needed against malaria, a parasitic infection caused by Plasmodium falciparum, as drug resistance emerges against the current treatment, artemisinin. We previously characterized the Atg8–Atg3 protein–protein interaction (PPI), which is essential for autophagy and parasite survival. Herein we illustrate the use of virtual library screening to selectively block the PPI in the parasite without inhibiting the homologous interaction in humans by targeting the A‐loop of PfAtg8. This A‐loop is important for Atg3 binding in Plasmodium, but is absent from the human Atg8 homologues. In this proof‐of‐concept study, we demonstrate a shift in lipidation state of PfAtg8 and inhibition of P. falciparum growth in both blood‐ and liver‐stage cultures upon drug treatment. Our results illustrate how in silico screening and structure‐aided drug design against a PPI can be used to identify new hits for drug development. Additionally, as we targeted a region of Atg8 that is conserved within apicomplexans, we predict that our small molecule will have cross‐reactivity against other disease‐causing apicomplexans, such as Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, Theileria, Neospora, Eimeria, and Babesia.
Progress in the Development of non‐BET Bromodomain Chemical Probes
Authors: Theodoulou Natalie H. , Tomkinson Nicholas C. O. , Prinjha Rab K. , Humphreys Philip G. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) family of bromodomains have been the focus of extensive research, leading to the development of many potent, selective chemical probes and recent clinical assets. The profound biology associated with BET bromodomain inhibition has provided a convincing rationale for targeting bromodomains for the treatment of disease. However, the BET family represents just eight of the at least 56 human bromodomains identified to date. Until recently, there has been significantly less interest in non‐BET bromodomains, leaving a vast area of research and the majority of this new target class yet to be thoroughly investigated. It has been widely reported that several non‐BET bromodomain containing proteins are associated with various diseases including cancer and HIV. Therefore, the development of chemical probes for non‐BET bromodomains will facilitate elucidation of their precise biological roles and potentially lead to the development of new medicines. This review summarises the progress made towards the development of non‐BET bromodomain chemical probes to date. In addition, we highlight the potential for future work in this new and exciting area.
Psychological morbidities in adolescent and young adult blood cancer patients during curative‐intent therapy and early survivorship
Authors: Muffly Lori S. , Hlubocky Fay J. , Khan Niloufer , Wroblewski Kristen , Breitenbach Katherine , Gomez Joseline , McNeer Jennifer L. , Stock Wendy , Daugherty Christopher K. 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUNDAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer face unique psychosocial challenges. This pilot study was aimed at describing the prevalence of psychological morbidities among AYAs with hematologic malignancies during curative‐intent therapy and early survivorship and at examining provider perceptions of psychological morbidities in their AYA patients.METHODSPatients aged 15 to 39 years with acute leukemia, non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, or Hodgkin lymphoma who were undergoing curative‐intent therapy (on‐treatment group) or were in remission within 2 years of therapy completion (early survivors) underwent a semistructured interview that incorporated measures of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress (PTS). A subset of providers (n = 15) concomitantly completed a survey for each of the first 30 patients enrolled that evaluated their perception of each subject's anxiety, depression, and PTS.RESULTSSixty‐one of 77 eligible AYAs participated. The median age at diagnosis was 26 years (range, 15‐39 years), 64% were male, and 59% were non‐Hispanic white. On‐treatment demographics differed significantly from early‐survivor demographics only in the median time from diagnosis to interview. Among the 61 evaluable AYAs, 23% met the criteria for anxiety, 28% met the criteria for depression, and 13% met the criteria for PTS; 46% demonstrated PTS symptomatology. Thirty‐nine percent were impaired in 1 or more psychological domains. Psychological impairments were as frequent among early survivors as AYAs on treatment. Provider perceptions did not significantly correlate with patient survey results.CONCLUSIONSAYAs with hematologic malignancies experience substantial psychological morbidities while they are undergoing therapy and during early survivorship, with more than one‐third of the patients included in this study meeting the criteria for anxiety, depression, or traumatic stress. This psychological burden may not be accurately identified by their oncology providers. Cancer 2016;122:954–61. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Prostate cancer detection with magnetic resonance‐ultrasound fusion biopsy: The role of systematic and targeted biopsies
Authors: Filson Christopher P. , Natarajan Shyam , Margolis Daniel J.A. , Huang Jiaoti , Lieu Patricia , Dorey Frederick J. , Reiter Robert E. , Marks Leonard S. 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUNDThe current study was conducted to evaluate the performance of magnetic resonance (MR)‐ultrasound‐guided fusion biopsy in diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer (csCaP).METHODSA total of 1042 men underwent multiparametric MR imaging (mpMRI) and fusion biopsy consecutively in a prospective trial (2009‐2014). An expert reader graded mpMRI regions of interest (ROIs) as 1 to 5 using published protocols. The fusion biopsy device was used to obtain targeted cores from ROIs (when present) followed by a fusion image‐guided, 12‐core systematic biopsy in all men, even if no suspicious ROI was noted. The primary endpoint of the study was the detection of csCaP (ie, Gleason score ≥ 7).RESULTSAmong 825 men with ≥ 1 suspicious ROI of ≥ grade 3, 289 (35%) were found to have csCaP. Powerful predictors of csCaP were ROI grade (grade 5 vs grade 3: odds ratio, 6.5 [P<.01]) and prostate‐specific antigen density (each increase of 0.05 ng/mL/cc: odds ratio, 1.4 [P<.01]). Combining systematic and targeted biopsies resulted in the detection of more patients with csCaP (289 patients) than targeting (229 patients) or systematic (199 patients) biopsy alone. Among patients with no suspicious ROI, 35 (16%) were found to have csCaP on systematic biopsy.CONCLUSIONSIn this prospective trial, MR‐ultrasound fusion biopsy allowed for the detection of csCaP, with a direct relationship noted with ROI grade and prostate‐specific antigen density. The combination of targeted and systematic biopsy detected more csCaP than either modality alone; systematic biopsies revealed csCaP in 16% of men with no suspicious MRI target. The advantages of this new biopsy method are apparent, but issues of cost, training, and reliability await resolution before its widespread adoption. Cancer 2016;122:884–92. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Employing Inorganic Interlayers
Authors: Xiao Manda , Gao Mei , Huang Fuzhi , Pascoe Alexander R. , Qin Tianshi , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Bach Udo , Spiccia Leone 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn this work, inverted structure CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite‐based solar cells (PSCs) employing different inorganic metal oxides as hole‐selective interlayers have been fabricated on ITO/NiOx, ITO/VOx and ITO/MoOx substrates and exhibit power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 10.6±0.6 %, 11.7±0.5 % and 5.9±0.5 %, respectively. The metal oxide layers deposited on ITO glass modify the substrate work function, leading to open circuit voltages above 1.0 V. Moreover, solar cells fabricated on ITO substrates without any metal oxide layer achieve a high PCE of 11.5 %, indicating that PSCs can perform well with a single selective contact. The inverted structure PSCs, with or without the metal oxide interlayers, show only a weak hysteresis in the J‐V measurements. Our work reveals that single selective contact PSCs with simplified device structures can be very efficient after optimization of each active layer, making them highly competitive with other types of thin film photovoltaic (PV) technologies.
Effects of Food Intake on the Pharmacokinetics of Azilsartan Medoxomil and Chlorthalidone Alone and in Fixed‐Dose Combination in Healthy Adults
Authors: Dudkowski Caroline , Karim Aziz , Munsaka Melvin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAzilsartan medoxomil is a long‐acting angiotensin II receptor blocker used to treat hypertension as monotherapy or in fixed‐dose combination (FDC) with chlorthalidone. This study assessed the effects of food intake on the plasma pharmacokinetics of the active moiety, azilsartan, and of chlorthalidone when administered as separate tablets or in FDC. Cohort 1 (n = 24) received azilsartan medoxomil (80 mg) and chlorthalidone (25 mg) once in a fasted condition and once 30 minutes after the initiation of a high‐fat meal (fed). Cohort 2 (n = 24) received the same drugs as an FDC tablet in the fasted and fed conditions. In cohort 1, the fed‐fasted ratios for AUC0–inf and Cmax were 108.3 (101.6–115.5) and 103.7 (94.3–114.1), respectively, for azilsartan and 112.3 (106.5–118.4) and 100.3 (90.6–111.1), respectively, for chlorthalidone. In cohort 2, the corresponding ratios were 78.6 (67.6–91.4) and 78.6 (64.4–96.0) for azilsartan and 101.0 (96.5–86.7) and 75.9 (66.5–86.7) for chlorthalidone. The combination therapies were well tolerated, and food intake had no consistent effect on adverse events. Food intake had a somewhat greater effect on plasma pharmacokinetics after administration of the FDC tablet than after administration of separate tablets, but the effects of food on the plasma pharmacokinetics of the FDC were not expected to be clinically meaningful.
In Silico Predictions and In Vivo Results of Drug–Drug Interactions by Ketoconazole and Verapamil on AZD1305, a Combined Ion Channel Blocker and a Sensitive CYP3A4 Substrate
Authors: Johansson Susanne , Löfberg Boel , Aunes Maria , Lunde Helen , Frison Lars , Edvardsson Nils , Cullberg Marie 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe objectives were to estimate and compare, in silico and in vivo, the effects of a strong and a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor on AZD1305 pharmacokinetics. In silico, simulations were performed with the computer software Simcyp, and the predicted outcome was compared with the results observed in healthy male subjects. In silico, the geometric mean plasma exposure of AZD1305 + ketoconazole showed a 7.1‐fold higher AUC and a 4.4‐fold higher Cmax compared with AZD1305 alone. Coadministration with verapamil gave a 1.9‐fold higher AUC and a 1.7‐fold higher Cmax compared with AZD1305 alone. In vivo, the plasma exposure of AZD1305 + ketoconazole showed a 7.7‐fold higher AUC and a 4.8 ‐fold higher Cmax compared with AZD1305 alone. Coadministration with verapamil gave a 2.2‐fold higher AUC and a 2.0‐fold higher Cmax compared with AZD1305 alone. The mean maximum QTcF increase from baseline was 407, 487, and 437 milliseconds for AZD1305, alone and in combination with verapamil or ketoconazole, respectively. Simcyp predicted the effects of ketoconazole and verapamil on the sensitive CYP3A4 substrate AZD1305 pharmacokinetics well. Both the in vivo study and the Simcyp predictions suggest a contraindication for strong CYP3A4 inhibitors and AZD1305 when given in combination.