bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial screening and management of young people aged 18–25 years with diabetes
Authors: d'Emden Helen , McDermott Brett , D'Silva Neisha , Dover Tom , Ewais Tatjana , Gibbons Kristen , O'Moore‐Sullivan Trisha 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundRoutine psychosocial screening and management of people with diabetes is recommended.AimsTo profile demographic, medical and psychosocial characteristics of young people with diabetes, and to develop a screening tool and care pathway for routine use.MethodsIndices of diabetes control and recorded diabetes complications were complimented by psychosocial screening tools assessing psychological, diabetes specific and perceived stress (Kessler 10, Problem Area in Diabetes, Perceived Stress Scale), well‐being (World Health Organization Well Being Index‐5), disordered eating (Eating Disorder Risk Inventory‐3 Risk Composite), compensatory behaviour questionnaire, social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), resilience (Connor Davidson Resilience Scale – 2 item) and financial concerns. Service provision and demographic data were also collected. Diabetes and mental health clinicians then identified a subset of measures to use for routine screening along with care pathways.ResultsPsychosocial screening was well accepted. Participants (151) had suboptimal glycaemic control (glycated haemoglobin 8.0 interquartile range 1.8%/64 interquartile range 22 mmol/mol). Severe diabetes‐related distress (Problem Area in Diabetes ≥40) was found in 19.4% and 26.0% reported difficulties managing healthcare costs. A mental health disorder was likely in 9.7%, whilst 23.4% had high Kessler 10 scores. Low World Health Organization Well Being Index‐5 scores (≤13) were seen in 29.0%. Risk for an eating disorder (Eating Disorder Risk Inventory‐3 Risk Composite) was 12.7%, whereas approximately 36.0% had disturbed eating behaviours.ConclusionPsychosocial screening of young adults with diabetes identified complex needs. A brief psychosocial screening tool and associated care pathways were developed for routine use in a young adult tertiary referral diabetes clinic. The tool assesses constructs, such as diabetes distress, depression, anxiety, well‐being, hypoglycaemia‐unawareness, fear of hypoglycaemia, social support, weight, shape and eating concerns and financial concerns. This will provide a longitudinal data source for further research to inform clinical practice.
Entrepreneurial impact sourcing: a conceptual framework of social and commercial institutional logics
Authors: Khan Shaji , Lacity Mary , Carmel Erran 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis article answers calls for better characterizations of impact sourcing given its potential to create social impacts in conjunction with global sourcing. It introduces a conceptual framework consisting of four dimensions drawn from entrepreneurship literature: primary mission, success criteria, resource mobilization and innovation approach – that characterize entrepreneurial impact sourcing service providers. These four dimensions are anchored across ideal types of social and commercial institutional logics to explicitly account for and capture the dual social and commercial value orientations of impact sourcing service providers as acknowledged in the literature. We evaluate the utility of this framework by using it to assess a US‐based business process outsourcing social enterprise that focuses on the underserved workforce of military veterans and spouses of military personnel. We found that this firm used social logic for both the firm's primary mission and the firm's resource mobilization; it used commercial logic for its success criteria, and it used both logics for its innovation. Our analysis of the case substantiates the applicability of the framework for capturing variation in how impact sourcing providers may selectively draw upon different logics across the four dimensions. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Overconfidence, CEO Awards, and Corporate Tax Aggressiveness
Authors: Kubick Thomas R. , Lockhart G. Brandon 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTheory and prior research suggest that overconfidence leads managers to overestimate their own ability to generate returns, leading to riskier corporate policies. We use a novel dataset of media awards as an exogenous shock to overconfidence to test whether award‐winning CEOs adopt more aggressive corporate tax policies. Using propensity score matching and a difference‐in‐difference design, we find strong evidence that firms with an award‐winning CEO exhibit significantly greater tax aggressiveness following the award. Overall, our results suggest that CEO overconfidence has a meaningful impact on corporate tax policy.
The effectiveness of integrating teaching strategies into IRS activities to facilitate learning
Authors: Wang Y.‐H. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPrevious studies on the interactive response system (IRS) have generally adopted the lecture method to facilitate teaching and learning, while few have made efforts to investigate the learning effects of instructional methods and IRS activities on learning and teaching. The purpose of the present study was therefore to explore whether the use of the IRS with two different teaching methods would affect students' learning performance. A quasi‐experimental design was employed, with the teacher conducting the course using the learner as leader strategy in the experimental group (E.G.) and the teacher leader strategy in the control group (C.G.). The experiment was conducted over a period of 15 weeks (a semester), and questionnaires were administered at the beginning, in the middle and after the experiment to elicit the learners' views on the IRS application. The results support previous research which found that using the IRS improved learners' engagement and interaction. They also provide further evidence that the use of the IRS with both teaching strategies not only had a short‐term learning effect but could also be a tool for sustaining students' learning motivation and self‐directed learning for long‐term learning purposes. Besides, the use of the learner as leader strategy contributed to enhancing discussion in groups, especially for the leading groups. The use of the IRS with the learner as leader strategy benefited those who acted as leaders in taking the initiative to learn the course content, and also engaged the students who acted as learners in concentrating on the course because it was their classmates who were leading.Lay DescriptionWhat is already known about this topic

The interactive response system (IRS) facilitates course interaction, and increases course attendance and learning performance
Most studies have integrated the IRS with lectures to facilitate teaching and learning
What this paper adds

The paper explored the effectiveness of using the IRS with two teaching methods on students' learning for a semester.
The use of the learner as leader strategy with IRS benefited the learners who acted as leaders in taking the initiative to learn the course content, and engaged the students who acted as learners in concentrating on the course.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Students are benefited in taking the initiative to learn the contents through hosting the IRS activity.
Teachers could adopt both lectures and learner as leader strategy with IRS to sustain students' learning motivation and self‐directed learning for long‐term learning purposes.
Comments in MOOCs: who is doing the talking and does it help?
Authors: Swinnerton B. , Hotchkiss S. , Morris N.P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the characteristics and behaviour of learners on nine Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) on the FutureLearn platform in 2014 and 2015. FutureLearn's social constructivist approach, which emphasizes learning through social interaction, makes the focus on forum posting within these MOOCs particularly appropriate. This study makes a significant contribution to the research on MOOCs by exploring first the extent to which learners on FutureLearn MOOCs make comments, second, whether groups of learners who comment to a lesser or greater extent have different demographic characteristics and third, whether commenting activity is associated with MOOC completion. The study uses a large dataset of over 25 000 learners to examine learners who comment versus those who do not, and learners who generate many posts. The results show that learners who are older, work part‐time or not at all are more likely to post a comment, and those who are older, work part‐time or not at all, are better educated and have prior online experience make the most comments. Making comments is also strongly associated with completing a MOOC, in particular for those who make many comments.Lay DescriptionWhat is already known about this subject matter?

MOOCs have low completion rates.
There are different types of MOOCs with different pedagogical approaches.
FutureLearn MOOCs have a social constructivist approach and provide discussion areas to encourage social interaction.
MOOC learners have different commenting behaviours.
What this paper adds?

A consideration of the extent to which the FutureLearn approach is successful in its encouragement of social interaction.
A better understanding of which learners make comments.
A large‐scale study of the relationship between commenting and completion of MOOCs.
Implications for practitioners

Commenting and completing seem to be related.
Older, educated learners who have done an online course previously, who have spare time tend to comment and complete more.
A recognition that some types of learners engage with MOOCs in a less socially interactive way.
Spanish version of the Actinic Keratosis Quality of Life questionnaire
Authors: Alarcon I. , Vinding G.R. , Christensen K.B. , Esmann S. , Malvehy J. , Puig S. , Jemec G.B.E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundPatient‐reported outcome measures are very important outcomes. For specific diseases, health‐related quality of life‐instruments (HRQoL) are increasingly used to provide data on patients’ overall perceptions of the course of a given disease. Actinic keratoses (AKs) are common keratotic lesions that occur on chronically sunlight‐exposed skin. Only few studies regarding HRQoL in AKs have been made.ObjectiveIn order to be able to compare HRQoL among different countries and cultures, we aimed to translate and validate the Actinic Keratosis Quality of Life (AKQoL) questionnaire into Spanish and quantify the impairment caused by AKs in Spanish patients.MethodsThe AKQoL was translated. Then, 15 patients with AKs were interviewed to ensure cultural adaption before it was tested in one hundred patients with AK lesions at the Melanoma Unit of Hospital Clinic in Barcelona.ResultsValidation showed high interitem correlations, as well as a high correlation of each item and the total score. Internal consistency (Cronbach's coefficient alpha) was also high at 0.91 and an alpha value of 0.90 at retest. The test–retest correlation was 0.96, and the intraclass coefficient was 0.98.ConclusionThe presented data support the AKQoL Spanish version as a valid and reliable HRQoL questionnaire for the description of AK‐related QoL and may provide a method for comparison of AK specific QoL between different cultures and countries.
Genetic differentiation associated with host plants and geography among six widespread species of South American Blepharoneura fruit flies (Tephritidae)
Authors: Ottens K. , Winkler I. S. , Lewis M. L. , Scheffer S. J. , Gomes‐Costa G. A. , Condon M. A. , Forbes A. A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTropical herbivorous insects are astonishingly diverse, and many are highly host‐specific. Much evidence suggests that herbivorous insect diversity is a function of host plant diversity; yet, the diversity of some lineages exceeds the diversity of plants. Although most species of herbivorous fruit flies in the Neotropical genus Blepharoneura are strongly host‐specific (they deposit their eggs in a single host plant species and flower sex), some species are collected from multiple hosts or flowers and these may represent examples of lineages that are diversifying via changes in host use. Here, we investigate patterns of diversification within six geographically widespread Blepharoneura species that have been collected and reared from at least two host plant species or host plant parts. We use microsatellites to (1) test for evidence of local genetic differentiation associated with different sympatric hosts (different plant species or flower sexes) and (2) examine geographic patterns of genetic differentiation across multiple South American collection sites. In four of the six fly species, we find evidence of local genetic differences between flies collected from different hosts. All six species show evidence of geographic structure, with consistent differences between flies collected in the Guiana Shield and flies collected in Amazonia. Continent‐wide analyses reveal – in all but one instance – that genetically differentiated flies collected in sympatry from different host species or different sex flowers are not one another's closest relatives, indicating that genetic differences often arise in allopatry before, or at least coincident with, the evolution of novel host use.
Handgrip Strength in Old and Very Old Adults: Mood, Cognition, Function, and Mortality
Authors: Stessman Jochanan , Rottenberg Yakir , Fischer Matan , Hammerman‐Rozenberg Aliza , Jacobs Jeremy M. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesTo determine the trajectory of handgrip strength (HGS) from age 70 to 90 and its association with mood, cognition, functional status, and mortality.DesignProspective follow‐up of an age‐homogenous representative community‐dwelling cohort (born 1920–21) in the Jerusalem Longitudinal Cohort Study (1990–2015).SettingHome‐based assessment.ParticipantsSubjects aged 70 (n = 327), 78 (n = 384), 85 (n = 1187), and 90 (n = 406), examined in 1990, 1998, 2005, and 2010, respectively.MeasurementsHandgrip strength (kg) (dynamometer), low HGS defined as sex‐specific lowest quartile grip; geriatric assessment; all‐cause mortality (1990–2015).ResultsMean HGS declined between age 70 and 90 from 21.3 ± 7.2 to 11.5 ± 5.6 kg in women and from 35.3 ± 8.4 to 19.5 ± 8.2 kg in men. Cross‐sectional associations were observed between low HGS and poor functional measures (age 70–90), lower educational and financial status, smoking, and diabetes mellitus (ages 78–90). After adjustment for baseline education, self‐rated health, physical activity, diabetes mellitus, depression, and cognition, low HGS predicted subsequent activity of daily living dependence from age 78 to 85 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–6.89) and 85 to 90 (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.01–5.30), whereas the adjusted ORs for activities of daily living difficulty and depression failed to achieve significance. HGS did not predict subsequent cognitive decline. Survival rates were significantly lower in participants with low HGS (Quartile 1) than in those with normal HGS (Quartiles 2, 3, 4) throughout follow‐up from ages 78 to 85, 85 to 90, and 90 to 95. Similarly, after adjusting for sex, education, self‐rated health, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, and smoking, a low HGS was associated with significantly higher mortality.ConclusionsMean HGS declined progressively with age, and participants in the lowest age‐specific quartile of HGS had a higher risk of subsequent functional decline and mortality.
Effect of the Unfilled Space Size of the Abutment Screw Access Hole on the Extruded Excess Cement and Retention of Single Implant Zirconia Crowns
Authors: Al‐Johany Sulieman S. , Al Amri Mohammad D. , Al‐Bakri Ahmed S. , Al‐Qarni Mohammed N. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate in vitro the effect of the size of the unfilled space of the abutment screw access hole on the amount of extruded excess cement and the retention of zirconia copings.Materials and MethodsTwelve dental implant replicas were attached to the corresponding abutments and embedded in acrylic resin blocks. A total of 36 CAD/CAM zirconia copings were fabricated by one technician using the standard technique. Abutments were divided into group I: the entire screw access channel was completely filled (nonspaced); group II: 1‐mm‐spaced; and group III: 2‐mm‐spaced. The copings were air‐abraded and temporarily cemented under constant load of 60 N for 10 minutes. The excess cement was calculated as the difference between the post‐cementation and post‐excess‐removal weights using a digital scale. Retention test was performed by a universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed. The ultimate force and tensile strength required for separation were recorded. One‐way ANOVA and Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis at p ˂ 0.05.ResultsThe average amount of extruded cement in groups 1, 2, and 3 was 33.48 ± 1.55, 23.05 ± 5.48, and 15.58 ± 5.98 mg, respectively. Multiple comparisons showed significant differences in the amount of extruded excess cement between the three groups (p ˂ 0.001). The maximum load at decementation in groups 1, 2, and 3 was 98.8, 87.5, and 88.6 N, respectively. Groups 1, 2, and 3 separated at 6.90 ± 1.2, 6.12 ± 0.7, and 6.21 ± 0.9 MPa, respectively, with no significant differences between them.ConclusionsThe amount of extruded excess cement was reduced by more than half when a 2‐mm space of the screw access hole was left unfilled in comparison to the nonspaced counterpart. The retention of zirconia copings was not affected by the reported technique.
Serum apoB levels independently predict the development of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A 7‐year prospective study
Authors: Wang Jinghua , Zhu Wanlin , Huang Shujun , Xu Lei , Miao Min , Wu Chenjiao , Yu Chaohui , Li Youming , Xu Chengfu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsCross‐sectional studies have shown that apolipoprotein B (apoB) is positively associated with the prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to investigate the prospective relationship between the serum apoB levels and the development of NAFLD in a Chinese population.MethodsA cohort of 7077 initially NAFLD‐free participants was enrolled in this prospectively study. The incidence of NAFLD was calculated among participants with different baseline serum apoB quintiles. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted to calculate the risks for incident NAFLD.ResultsDuring 41 555 person‐year follow‐ups, 1139 incident NAFLD cases were identified. The baseline apoB levels were linear and positively correlated with NAFLD incidence. The incidence was 16.99, 22.63, 24.73, 37.51 and 42.77 per 1000 person‐year follow‐up for participants with baseline apoB levels in quintiles 1–5, respectively. Compared with participants with baseline apoB levels in quintile 1, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for incident NAFLD were 1.353 (1.100–1.663), 1.482 (1.207–1.820), 2.232 (1.832–2.720) and 2.543 (2.082–3.106) for participants with baseline apoB levels in quintile 2–5, respectively. The hazard ratios were attenuated but remained statistically significant after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index and variables associated with metabolic syndrome.ConclusionElevated serum apoB levels independently predict an increased risk for incident NAFLD.
The role of autonomic dysfunction in predicting 1‐year mortality after liver transplantation
Authors: Chan Kuang‐Cheng , Yeh Jia‐Rong , Sun Wei‐Zen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsModel for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score has been extensively used to prioritize patients for liver transplantation and determine their prognosis, but with limited predictive value. Autonomic dysfunction may correlate with increased mortality after liver transplant. In this study, two autonomic biomarkers, complexity and deceleration capacity, were added to the predicting model for 1‐year mortality after liver transplantation.MethodsIn all, 30 patients with end‐stage liver diseases awaiting liver transplantation were included. Complexity and deceleration capacity were calculated by multi‐scale entropy and phase‐rectified signal averaging, respectively. Different combinations of autonomic factors and MELD score were used to predict mortality rate of liver transplant after 1‐year follow‐up. Receiver‐operating characteristics curve analysis was performed to determine clinical predictability. Area under the receiver‐operating characteristics curve represents the overall accuracy.ResultsThe 1‐year mortality rate was 16.7% (5/30). The overall accuracy of MELD score used for predicting mortality after liver transplantation was 0.752. By adding complexity and deceleration capacity into the predicting model, the accuracy increased to 0.912. Notably, the accuracy of the prediction using complexity and deceleration capacity alone was 0.912.ConclusionComplexity and deceleration capacity, which represent different dynamical properties of a human autonomic system, are critical factors for predicting mortality rate of liver transplantation. We recommend that these pre‐operative autonomic factors may be helpful as critical adjuncts to predicting model of mortality rate in prioritizing organ allocation.
Epidemiology update for hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus in end‐stage renal disease in France
Authors: Isnard Bagnis Corinne , Couchoud Cécile , Bowens Marc , Sarraj Ayman , Deray Gilbert , Tourret Jérôme , Cacoub Patrice , Tezenas du Montcel Sophie 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground & aimsRisk for HCV/HBV infection is increased in end‐stage renal disease patients. We generate updated epidemiological data.MethodsBased on the National French registry for end‐stage renal disease patients, we extracted data for patients who started dialysis or pre‐emptive transplantation between January 2005 and December 2013. A positive serum HBs Ag and/or a positive HCV RNA defined HBV and HCV infections, respectively.ResultsIn all, 72 948 patients were included among which 62.5% were men. At inclusion, 615 patients were HBV+ and 1026 HCV+. The prevalence of HBV and HCV infections were 0.84% (95% PI: 0.78–0.91) and 1.41% (95% PI: 1.32–1.49), respectively. The prevalence of HBV infection by age group increased progressively until a maximum rate at 1.80% (95% PI: 1.46–2.20) in the 4th decade, then regularly decreased. Same profile was observed for HCV prevalence, with a maximum rate at 3.14% (95% PI: 2.68–3.65) in the 4th decade. During the follow‐up, we identified new HBV or HCV infections in 117 and 81 patients, respectively, with an overall incidence of 0.076% (95% PI: 0.062–0.090) and 0.053% (95%PI: 0.041–0.065) between 2005 and 2013, respectively. During the first dialysis year, HBV incidence was 0.35% (95% PI: 0.28–0.43) and that of HCV 0.21% (95% PI: 0.16–0.28).ConclusionOur data highlight the need for HCV therapy for more than 1000 end‐stage renal disease patients in France, sustained systematic immunization campaigns (HBV) and underlines the persistence of HBV/HCV new hand‐borne nosocomial cases.
Modeling economic growth with tourism for small open economies
Authors: Stauvermann Peter Josef , Kumar Ronald Ravinesh 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe purpose of the paper is to develop an economic growth model and analyze the impact of changes in tourists’ income on the growth of tourism dependent small open economies. We use a general theoretical construct to answer the question of how the price elasticity of tourism demand, income elasticity of tourism demand, and the concentration in the service sector influence the economic development of small economies. One of the main results is that the policy planners in small open economies may consider specific policies to influence the strength of market competition. An ensuing effect of such policies is that the labor incomes will increase. The approach provides a microeconomic foundation for macroeconomic modeling which can be used for applied research, and the model can be easily extended to examine other dimensions of economic development.