bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the Agitated Behavior Scale in the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Wilson Helen John , Dasgupta Kritis , Michael Kathleen 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of the study was to implement an Agitated Behavior Scale through an electronic health record and to evaluate the usability of the scale in a brain injury unit at a rehabilitation hospital.

Design:
A quality improvement project was conducted in the brain injury unit at a large rehabilitation hospital with registered nurses as participants using convenience sampling.

Methods:
The project consisted of three phases and included education, implementation of the scale in the electronic health record, and administration of the survey questionnaire, which utilized the system usability scale.

Findings:
The Agitated Behavior Scale was found to be usable, and there was 92.2% compliance with the use of the electronic Electronic Agitated Behavior Scale.

Conclusion:
The Agitated Behavior Scale was effectively implemented in the electronic health record and was found to be usable in the assessment of agitation.

Clinical Relevance:
Utilization of the scale through the electronic health record on a daily basis will allow for an early identification of agitation in patients with traumatic brain injury and enable prompt interventions to manage agitation.
Factors Influencing the Use of Intermittent Bladder Catheterization by Individuals With Spina Bifida in Brazil and Germany
Authors: Faleiros Fabiana , Pelosi Giovana , Warschausky Seth , Tate Denise , Käppler Christoph , Thomas Elisabeth 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPurpose:Intermittent catheterization (IC) often is essential for individuals with spina bifida/myelomeningocele (SBM) and neurogenic bladder. This study aimed to identify and analyze the factors that influence the use of IC.Design and Methods:Descriptive study with convenience sampling. Data were collected using printed (Brazil) and online (Germany) questionnaires, and analyzed using multivariate logistical regression and analysis of variance. The study included 100 Brazilian and 100 German patients, aged 0–55 years, with SBM who utilized IC.Findings:Intermittent catheterization was used by 188 of the 200 patients. Three variables were important for predicting who did or did not use IC: no discontinuation of IC, absence of technical difficulty, and daily frequency of IC.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance:Findings suggest that difficulties with IC use experienced by spina bifida patients and their family members that predicted full discontinuation tended to be personal variables, rather than demographic or medical characteristics.
The Impact of Stroke Nurse Navigation on Patient Compliance Postdischarge
Authors: Deen Tonya , Terna Theresa , Kim Elizabeth , Leahy Brian , Fedder Wende 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to describe the impact a stroke nurse navigation program has on concurrent chart reviews and patient compliance postdischarge.

Design:
Phase I: Concurrent chart review of The Joint Commission Primary Stroke Center core measures for ischemic stroke patients. Phase II: Longitudinal study of 100 ischemic stroke patients discharged to home.

Methods:
Telephone surveys were conducted at prescribed intervals posthospital discharge (Phase II). Surveys focused on medication compliance, follow-up medical appointment compliance, and neurovascular emergency department (ED) visits/readmissions.

Findings:
Phase I trends included increased stroke performance measures compliance. Phase II favorable trends included increased medication compliance (>98%), increased follow-up appointments (100%), decreased rate of neurovascular ED visits/rehospitalizations (3%), and improvement in activities of daily living and quality of life measures through 12 months postdischarge.

Conclusions:
Stroke nurse navigation increased conformity of stroke performance measures and stroke patient discharge compliance through 12 months postdischarge.
Apps,iPads, and Literacy: Examining the Feasibility of Speech Recognition in a First‐Grade Classroom
Authors: Baker Elizabeth (Betsy) A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractInformed by sociocultural and systems theory tenets, this study used ethnographic research methods to examine the feasibility of using speech recognition (SR) technology to support struggling readers in an early elementary classroom setting. Observations of eight first graders were conducted as they participated in a structuredSR‐supported writing center four days a week for five months. Participant observation, field notes, transcripts of audio and video recordings, and student artifacts (classroom worksheets,SRscreenshots, and writing center compositions) were used to document students’ use ofSRas they wrote assigned compositions. Data analysis was recursive and ongoing. Constant comparison ofin actutheoretical notes was used to form provisional patterns and develop and refine hypotheses. Triangulation of data sets, triangulation of informants, and negative case analyses were used to (dis)confirm hypotheses. Findings indicate that usingSRwas supportive of these struggling readers. Previous concepts ofSRas an isolated entity and of the Language Experience Approach as cumbersome and reifying teacher hegemony are examined. Graphosemantic awareness, new literacies, and the possibilities for supporting struggling readers of all ages across expansive geographies are discussed. Finally, child safety, tensions between student independence and lost opportunities for teacher metacognitive modeling, questions about encoding as a viable or antiquated skill, and the need for additional research conducted in classroom settings to grasp sociocultural insights are discussed.
Unusual O‐Bridged Symmetric Quinoline‐Based Ligand for the Formation of Luminescent Mono‐Aqua Lanthanide Complexes
Authors: Hammoud Hassan , de Bettencourt‐Dias Ana , Schmitt Martine , Monteiro Jorge H. S. K. , Rossini Jeffrey S. , Lecointre Alexandre , Gallet Sébastien , Bourguignon Jean‐Jacques , Mameri Samir 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA novel ligand based on a O‐bridged symmetrical bis‐quinoline containing carboxylate moieties has been synthesized and its coordination and sensitization ability for lanthanide ions has been studied in aqueous solution. The efficient 7‐step methodology developed starts from commercial 8‐methylquinoline. This new heterocycle, which was characterized in the solid state and in solution, displays interesting spectroscopic properties in water with an absorption below 350 nm. The coordination behaviour of this ligand with trivalent lanthanide cations (Ln=Eu, Tb and Gd) in solution leads to the formation of stable complexes with [LnL] stoichiometry, which were isolated from neutral water solutions containing equimolar amounts of cations and ligand. The photophysical properties of the mononuclear complexes of Eu and Tb were studied in aqueous solution by absorption, excitation and emission spectroscopy. Comparison of the luminescence lifetimes of the Eu and Tb complexes in H2O and D2O reveals the presence of 1 water molecule in the first coordination sphere of the metal ions. The sensitized emission efficiency of the Eu complex in water is good, as demonstrated by a quantum yield of 9.5(7)%. The analogous Tb(III) complex displays an emission efficiency of 2.0(1)%. This low value is indicative of incomplete energy transfer, which is supported by a decay lifetime that can be fit to a double exponential, due to residual ligand emission.
Plate Fixation Versus Intramedullary Nailing for Both‐Bone Forearm Fractures: A Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies
Authors: Zhao Liang , Wang Baojun , Bai Xiaodong , Liu Zhenyu , Gao Hua , Li Yadong 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the radiographic and functional outcomes of operative intervention in patients with both‐bone forearm fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plates or intramedullary (IM) nailing.MethodsStudies published in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SinoMed (Chinese BioMedical Literature Service System, China), and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China) were systematically searched. The main outcomes included time to union, union rate, operation time, magnitude and location of radial bow, loss of forearm rotation, and complication rates. Results were expressed with weighted mean difference or risk ratio with 95 % confidence intervals. Pooled estimates were calculated using a fixed‐effects or random‐effects model according to the heterogeneity among studies.ResultsA total of 13 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta‐analysis. Compared with ORIF, IM nailing significantly reduced the operation time and complication rate. However, no significant differences were observed between the two surgical techniques in several outcomes, including time to union, union rate, radial bow magnitude, and loss of forearm rotation. Except in complications, these findings were consistent across the subgroup analysis of children and adult patients.ConclusionIM nailing is associated with shorter operation time and lower complication rate compared with ORIF. It is an effective and safe treatment option for children and adults with both forearm fractures. However, considering the limitations in this study, large‐scale, high‐quality randomized controlled trials are needed to indentify these findings.
Nitrogen deprivation of microalgae: effect on cell size, cell wall thickness, cell strength, and resistance to mechanical disruption
Authors: Yap Benjamin H J , Crawford Simon A , Dagastine Raymond R , Scales Peter J , Martin Gregory J O 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Nitrogen deprivation (N-deprivation) is a proven strategy for inducing triacylglyceride accumulation in microalgae. However, its effect on the physical properties of cells and subsequently on product recovery processes is relatively unknown. In this study, the effect of N-deprivation on the cell size, cell wall thickness, and mechanical strength of three microalgae was investigated. As determined by analysis of micrographs from transmission electron microscopy, the average cell size and cell wall thickness for N-deprived Nannochloropsis sp. and Chlorococcum sp. were ca. 25% greater than the N-replete cells, and 20 and 70% greater, respectively, for N-deprived Chlorella sp. The average Young’s modulus of N-deprived Chlorococcum sp. cells was estimated using atomic force microscopy to be 775 kPa; 30% greater than the N-replete population. Although statistically significant, these microstructural changes did not appear to affect the overall susceptibility of cells to mechanical rupture by high pressure homogenisation. This is important as it suggests that subjecting these microalgae to nitrogen starvation to accumulate lipids does not adversely affect the recovery of intracellular lipids.
To evaluate the anti-kindling effect of allopregnanolone alone and its interaction with sodium valporate in pentylenetetrazole induced kindling model
Authors: Kumari Puja , Saha Lekha , Vijayanti Sheekha , Bhatia Alka , Banerjee Dibyajyoti , Chakrabarti Amitava 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Background and purpose Studies in the animal models of epilepsy have suggested the anti-seizure effects of neuroactive steroids and its derivatives in kainic acid and pilocarpine induced limbic seizures and status epilepticus in mice, but no such studies have been reported in the published literature on the role of allopregnanolone in chemical kindling model and its interaction with sodium valproate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interaction between sodium valproate and allopregnanolone in pentylenetetrazole induced kindling model in rats.
Methods In a PTZ kindled Wistar rat model, sodium valproate and allopregnanolone were administered 30 min before the PTZ injection. The PTZ injection was given on alternate day till the animal became fully kindled or till 10 weeks. The parameters measured were latency to develop kindling and incidence of kindling, histopathological study of hippocampus, hippocampal anti-oxidant parameters and hippocampal DNA fragmentation studies.
Results In this study, the combination of low dose of allopregnanolone with low dose of sodium valproate showed a similar beneficial effect to that of a higher dose of sodium valproate in significantly reducing the number of kindled animals (0/8) as compare to PTZ control group (5/8) as well as the seizure scores and the histopathological scores. The combination significantly reduces oxidative stress by significantly decreasing the MDA levels, and increasing the SOD levels and GSH levels in the hippocampus of rats as compared to PTZ control group. So all these data suggest the antiepileptic effect of the combination and confers the synergistic interaction between the allopregnanolone and sodium valproate.
Conclusions It can be concluded that by choosing this combination the dose of sodium valproate can be reduced and thereby reduces the incidence of adverse effects caused by sodium valproate and hence proves to be a useful combination clinically. This study has lead the basis to further investigate the various combinations of neurosteroids and valproate in the process of epileptogenesis with better side effect profile.
Multidisciplinary Management of Pediatric Sports-Related Concussion
Authors: Ellis Michael J. , Ritchie Lesley J. , McDonald Patrick J. , Cordingley Dean , Reimer Karen , Nijjar Satnam , Koltek Mark , Hosain Shahid , Johnston Janine , Mansouri Behzad , Sawyer Scott , Silver Norm , Girardin Richard , Larkins Shannon , Vis Sara , Selci Erin , Davidson Michael , Gregoire Scott , Sam Angela , Black Brian , Bunge Martin , Essig Marco , MacDonald Peter , Leiter Jeff , Russell Kelly 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectives: To summarize the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pediatric sports-related concussion (SRC) patients who were evaluated and managed at a multidisciplinary pediatric concussion program and examine the healthcare resources and personnel required to meet the needs of this patient population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all pediatric SRC patients referred to the Pan Am Concussion Program from September 1st, 2013 to May 25th, 2015. Initial assessments and diagnoses were carried out by a single neurosurgeon. Return-to-Play decision-making was carried out by the multidisciplinary team. Results: 604 patients, including 423 pediatric SRC patients were evaluated at the Pan Am Concussion Program during the study period. The mean age of study patients was 14.30 years (SD: 2.32, range 7-19 years); 252 (59.57%) were males. Hockey (182; 43.03%) and soccer (60; 14.18%) were the most commonly played sports at the time of injury. Overall, 294 (69.50%) of SRC patients met the clinical criteria for concussion recovery, while 75 (17.73%) were lost to follow-up, and 53 (12.53%) remained in active treatment at the end of the study period. The median duration of symptoms among the 261 acute SRC patients with complete follow-up was 23 days (IQR: 15, 36). Overall, 25.30% of pediatric SRC patients underwent at least one diagnostic imaging test and 32.62% received referral to another member of our multidisciplinary clinical team. Conclusion: Comprehensive care of pediatric SRC patients requires access to appropriate diagnostic resources and the multidisciplinary collaboration of experts with national and provincially-recognized training in TBI.
Effects of Variable Fluid Properties on MHD Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Sheet with Variable Thickness
Authors: Prasad K. V. , Vaidya H. , Vajravelu K. , Rashidi M. M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe influence of temperature-dependent fluid properties on flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting fluid over a stretching sheet with variable thickness in the presence of a transverse magnetic field is analyzed. Using similarity transformations, the governing coupled non-linear partial differential equations (momentum and energy equations) are transformed into a system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations and are solved numerically by Keller-box method. For increasing values of the wall thickness parameter, the analysis reveals quite interesting flow and heat transfer patterns. The effects of the temperature dependent viscosity, the wall velocity power index, the thermal conductivity, the wall temperature parameter and the Prandtl number on the flow and temperature fields are presented. The obtained numerical results are compared with the available results in the literature for some special cases and are found to be in excellent agreement. The skin friction and the wall temperature gradient are presented for different values of the physical parameters and the salient features are analyzed.
Laplace transform asymptotics and large deviation principles for longest success runs in Bernoulli trials
Authors: Konstantopoulos Takis , Liu Zhenxia , Yang Xiangfeng 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe longest stretch L(n) of consecutive heads in n independent and identically distributed coin tosses is seen from the prism of large deviations. We first establish precise asymptotics for the moment generating function of L(n) and then show that there are precisely two large deviation principles, one concerning the behavior of the distribution of L(n) near its nominal value log1∕pn and one away from it. We discuss applications to inference and to logarithmic asymptotics of functionals of L(n).
Anisotropic scaling of the random grain model with application to network traffic
Authors: Pilipauskaitė Vytautė , Surgailis Donatas 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe obtain a complete description of anisotropic scaling limits of the random grain model on the plane with heavy-tailed grain area distribution. The scaling limits have either independent or completely dependent increments along one or both coordinate axes and include stable, Gaussian, and ‘intermediate’ infinitely divisible random fields. The asymptotic form of the covariance function of the random grain model is obtained. Application to superimposed network traffic is included.
The dominating colour of an infinite Pólya urn model
Authors: Thörnblad Erik 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe study a Pólya-type urn model defined as follows. Start at time 0 with a single ball of some colour. Then, at each time n≥1, choose a ball from the urn uniformly at random. With probability ½<p<1, return the ball to the urn along with another ball of the same colour. With probability 1−p, recolour the ball to a new colour and then return it to the urn. This is equivalent to the supercritical case of a random graph model studied by Backhausz and Móri (2015), (2016) and Thörnblad (2015). We prove that, with probability 1, there is a dominating colour, in the sense that, after some random but finite time, there is a colour that always has the most number of balls. A crucial part of the proof is the analysis of an urn model with two colours, in which the observed ball is returned to the urn along with another ball of the same colour with probability p, and removed with probability 1−p. Our results here generalise a classical result about the Pólya urn model (which corresponds to p=1).
Optimality Results for Coupon Collection
Authors: Brown Mark , Ross Sheldon M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe consider the coupon collection problem, where each coupon is one of the types 1,…,s with probabilities given by a vector 𝒑. For specified numbers r1,…,rs, we are interested in finding 𝒑 that minimizes the expected time to obtain at least ri type-i coupons for all i=1,…,s. For example, for s=2, r1=1, and r2=r, we show that p1=(logr−log(logr))∕r is close to optimal.
Uniqueness of the null solution to a nonlinear partial differential equation satisfied by the explosion probability of a branching diffusion
Authors: Erickson K. Bruce 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe explosion probability before time t of a branching diffusion satisfies a nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation. This equation, along with the natural boundary and initial conditions, has only the trivial solution, i.e. explosion in finite time does not occur, provided the creation rate does not grow faster than the square power at ∞.
Computable bounds of an 𝓁²-spectral gap for discrete Markov chains with band transition matrices
Authors: Hervé Loï , Ledoux James 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe analyse the 𝓁²(𝜋)-convergence rate of irreducible and aperiodic Markov chains with N-band transition probability matrix P and with invariant distribution 𝜋. This analysis is heavily based on two steps. First, the study of the essential spectral radius ress(P|𝓁²(𝜋)) of P|𝓁²(𝜋) derived from Hennion’s quasi-compactness criteria. Second, the connection between the spectral gap property (SG2) of P on 𝓁²(𝜋) and the V-geometric ergodicity of P. Specifically, the (SG2) is shown to hold under the condition α0≔∑m=−NNlim supi→+∞(P(i,i+m)P*(i+m,i)1∕2<1. Moreover, ress(P|𝓁²(𝜋)≤α0. Effective bounds on the convergence rate can be provided from a truncation procedure.
Substitution of meat and fish with vegetables or potatoes and risk of myocardial infarction
Authors: Würtz Anne M. L. , Hansen Mette D. , Tjønneland Anne , Rimm Eric B. , Schmidt Erik B. , Overvad Kim , Jakobsen Marianne U. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRed meat has been suggested to be adversely associated with risk of myocardial infarction (MI), whereas vegetable consumption has been found to be protective. The aim of this study was to investigate substitutions of red meat, poultry and fish with vegetables or potatoes for MI prevention. We followed up 29 142 women and 26 029 men in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health study aged 50–64 years with no known history of MI at baseline. Diet was assessed by a validated 192-item FFQ at baseline. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI for MI associated with specified food substitutions of 150 g/week. During a median follow-up of 13·6 years, we identified 656 female and 1694 male cases. Among women, the HR for MI when replacing red meat with vegetables was 0·94 (95 % CI 0·90, 0·98). Replacing fatty fish with vegetables was associated with a higher risk of MI (HR 1·23; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·45), whereas an inverse, statistically non-significant association was found for lean fish (HR 0·93; 95 % CI 0·83, 1·05). Substituting poultry with vegetables was not associated with risk of MI (HR 1·00; 95 % CI 0·90, 1·11). Findings for substitution with potatoes were similar to findings for vegetables. Among men, a similar pattern was observed, but the associations were weak and mostly statistically non-significant. This study suggests that replacing red meat with vegetables or potatoes is associated with a lower risk of MI, whereas replacing fatty fish with vegetables or potatoes is associated with a higher risk of MI.