bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On extreme transient events from rotating black holes and their gravitational wave emission
Authors: van Putten Maurice H. P. M. , Della Valle Massimo 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The super-luminous object ASASSN-15lh (SN2015L) is an extreme event with a total energy Erad ≃ 1.1 × 1052 erg in blackbody radiation on par with its kinetic energy Ek in ejecta and a late time plateau in the UV, which defies a nuclear origin. It likely presents a new explosion mechanism for hydrogen-deprived supernovae. With no radio emission and no H-rich environment, we propose to identify Erad with dissipation of a baryon-poor outflow in the optically thick remnant stellar envelope produced by a central engine. By negligible time-scales of light crossing and radiative cooling of the envelope, SN2015L's light curve closely tracks the evolution of this engine. We here model its light curve by the evolution of black hole spin during angular momentum loss in Alvén waves to matter at the Inner Most Stable Circular Orbit (ISCO). The duration is determined by σ = MT/M of the torus mass MT around the black hole of mass M: σ ∼ 10−7 and σ ∼ 10−2 for SN2015L and, respectively, a long GRB. The observed electromagnetic radiation herein represents a minor output of the rotational energy Erot of the black hole, while most is radiated unseen in gravitational radiation. This model explains the high-mass slow-spin binary progenitor of GWB150914, as the remnant of two CC-SNe in an intra-day binary of two massive stars. This model rigorously predicts a change in magnitude Δm ≃ 1.15 in the light curve post-peak, in agreement with the light curve of SN2015L with no fine-tuning.
Synchrotron masers and fast radio bursts
Authors: Ghisellini G. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Fast radio bursts, with a typical duration of 1 ms and 1 Jy flux density at gigahertz frequencies, have brightness temperatures exceeding 1033 K, requiring a coherent emission process. This can be achieved by bunching particles in volumes smaller than the typical wavelength, but this may be challenging. Maser emission is a possibility. Under certain conditions, the synchrotron-stimulated emission process can be more important than true absorption, and a synchrotron maser can be created. This occurs when the emitting electrons have a very narrow distribution of pitch angles and energies. This process overcomes the difficulties of having extremely dense bunches of particles and relaxes the light-crossing time limits, since there is no simple relation between the actual size of the source and the observed variability time-scale.
RZ Leonis Minoris bridging between ER Ursae Majoris-type dwarf nova and nova-like system
Authors: Kato Taichi , Ishioka Ryoko , Isogai Keisuke , Kimura Mariko , Imada Akira , Miller Ian , Masumoto Kazunari , Nishino Hirochika , Kojiguchi Naoto , Kawabata Miho , Sakai Daisuke , Sugiura Yuki , Furukawa Hisami , Yamamura Kenta , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Matsumoto Katsura , Wang Shiang-Yu , Chou Yi , Ngeow Chow-Choong , Chen Wen-Ping , Panwar Neelam , Lin Chi-Sheng , Hsiao Hsiang-Yao , Guo Jhen-Kuei , Lin Chien-Cheng , Omarov Chingis , Kusakin Anatoly , Krugov Maxim , Starkey Donn R. , Pavlenko Elena P. , Antonyuk Kirill A. , Sosnjvskij Aleksei A. , Antonyuk Oksana I. , Pit Nikolai V. , Baklanov Alex V. , Babina Julia V. , Itoh Hiroshi , Padovan Stefano , Akazawa Hidehiko , Kafka Stella , de Miguel Enrique , Pickard Roger D. , Kiyota Seiichiro , Shugarov Sergey Yu. , Chochol Drahomir , Krushevska Viktoriia , Sekeráš Matej , Pikalova Olga , Sabo Richard , Dubovsky Pavol A. , Kudzej Igor , Ulowetz Joseph , Dvorak Shawn , Stone Geoff , Tordai Tamás , Dubois Franky , Logie Ludwig , Rau Steve , Vanaverbeke Siegfried , Vanmunster Tonny , Oksanen Arto , Maeda Yutaka , Kasai Kiyoshi , Katysheva Natalia , Morelle Etienne , Neustroev Vitaly V. , Sjoberg George 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe observed RZ LMi, which is renowned for its extremely short (∼19 d) supercycle and is a member of a small, unusual class of cataclysmic variables called ER UMa-type dwarf novae, in 2013 and 2016. In 2016, the supercycles of this object substantially lengthened in comparison to the previous measurements to 35, 32, and 60 d for three consecutive superoutbursts. We consider that the object virtually experienced a transition to the nova-like state (permanent superhumper). This observed behavior reproduced the prediction of the thermal-tidal instability model extremely well. We detected a precursor in the 2016 superoutburst and detected growing (stage A) superhumps with a mean period of 0.0602(1) d in 2016 and in 2013. Combined with the period of superhumps immediately after the superoutburst, the mass ratio is not as small as in WZ Sge-type dwarf novae, having orbital periods similar to RZ LMi. By using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) two-dimensional power spectra, we detected possible negative superhumps with a period of 0.05710(1) d. We estimated an orbital period of 0.05792 d, which suggests a mass ratio of 0.105(5). This relatively large mass ratio is even above that of ordinary SU UMa-type dwarf novae, and it is also possible that the exceptionally high mass-transfer rate in RZ LMi may be a result of a stripped secondary with an evolved core in a system evolving toward an AM CVn-type object.
Molecular diagnosis and immunotherapy
Authors: Sastre Joaquín , Sastre-Ibañez Marina 
Published: September 2016

Purpose of review
To describe recent insights into how molecular diagnosis can improve indication and selection of suitable allergens for specific immunotherapy and increase the safety of this therapy.

Recent findings
As specific allergen immunotherapy targets specific allergens, identification of the disease-eliciting allergen is a prerequisite for accurate prescription of treatment. In areas of complex sensitization to aeroallergens or in cases of hymenoptera venom allergy, the use of molecular diagnosis has demonstrated that it may lead to a change in indication and selection of allergens for immunotherapy in a large proportion of patients when compared with diagnosis based on skin prick testing and/or specific IgE determination with commercial extracts. These changes in immunotherapy prescription aided by molecular diagnosis have been demonstrated to be cost-effective in some scenarios. Certain patterns of sensitization to grass or olive pollen and bee allergens may identify patients with higher risk of adverse reaction during immunotherapy.

Summary
Molecular diagnosis, when used with other tools and patients’ clinical records, can help clinicians better to select the most appropriate patients and allergens for specific immunotherapy and, in some cases, predict the risk of adverse reactions. The pattern of sensitization to allergens could potentially predict the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy provided that these immunotherapy products contain a sufficient amount of these allergens. Nevertheless, multiplex assay remains a third-level approach, not to be used as screening method in current practice.
The Angle Labor Pain Questionnaire
Authors: Angle Pamela , Kurtz-Landy Christine , Djordjevic Jasmine , Barrett Jon , Kibbe Alanna , Sriparamananthan Saiena , Lee Yuna , Hamata Lydia , Kiss Alex 
Published: September 2016

Objectives:
The Angle Labor Pain Questionnaire (A-LPQ) is a new, condition-specific, multidimensional psychometric instrument that measures the most important dimensions of women’s childbirth pain experiences using 5 subscales: The Enormity of the Pain, Fear/Anxiety, Uterine Contraction Pain, Birthing Pain, and Back Pain/Long Haul. This study assessed the A-LPQ’s test-retest reliability during early active labor without pain relief.

Methods:
Two versions of the A-LPQ were randomly administered to laboring women during 2 test sessions separated by a 20-minute window. Participants were of mixed parity, contracting ≥3 minutes apart, cervical dilation ≤6 cm, and without pain relief. Changes in pain were rated using the Patient Global Impression of Change Scale. Overall pain intensity and pain coping were rated using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) and the Pain Mastery Scale (PMS) respectively. A-LPQ test-retest reliability (primary outcome), Cronbach’s α, and concurrent validity with NRS, VRS, and PMS scores were assessed (n=104). Responsiveness was assessed in 55 women who reported changes in pain.

Results:
A-LPQ summary and subscale scores demonstrated good test-retest reliability (ICCs, 0.96 to 0.89), trivial to moderate sensitivity to change, and high responsiveness to minimal changes in pain (0.85 to 1.50). Cronbach’s α for A-LPQ summary scores was excellent (0.94) and ranged from 0.72 to 0.94 for subscales. Concurrent validity was supported by moderate to strong correlations with NRS and VRS scores for overall pain intensity and PMS scores for pain coping.

Discussion:
Findings support A-LPQ use for assessing women’s childbirth pain experiences.
Systemic vasculitis and the gut
Authors: Hatemi Ibrahim , Hatemi Gulen , Çelik Aykut F. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose of review
Gastrointestinal system can be involved in primary and secondary vasculitides. The recent data regarding the pathophysiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, management, and outcome of gastrointestinal involvement in different types of vasculitis are reviewed.

Recent findings
Diagnosis of gastrointestinal vasculitis may be difficult and relies mostly on imaging, because biopsy samples are hard to obtain and superficial mucosal biopsies have a low yield. There are conflicting reports on the association of antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) type with the frequency of gastrointestinal involvement in ANCA-associated vasculitis. Pancreatitis is a rare but serious complication of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Terminal ileitis may be observed in immunoglobulin A vasculitis and can be hard to distinguish from Crohn's disease. High fecal calprotectin levels can indicate active gastrointestinal involvement in both immunoglobulin A vasculitis and Behçet's syndrome. Refractory gastrointestinal involvement in Behçet's syndrome can be treated with thalidomide and/or TNF-α antagonists. The outcome of mesenteric vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus can be improved with high-dose glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide or rituximab.

Summary
Gastrointestinal system can be commonly involved in immunoglobulin A vasculitis, ANCA-associated vasculitis, polyarteritis nodosa, and Behçet's syndrome and can be an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Treatment depends on the type of vasculitis and is usually with high-dose corticosteroids and immunosuppressives.
Determination of Colistin and Colistimethate Levels in Human Plasma and Urine by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Bihan Kevin , Lu Qin , Enjalbert Manon , Apparuit Maxime , Langeron Olivier , Rouby Jean-Jacques , Funck-Brentano Christian , Zahr Noël 
Published: September 2016

Background:
Colistin is a polypeptide antibiotic from the polymyxin E group used for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. The main constituents, accounting for approximately 85% of this mixture, are colistin A (polymyxin E1) and colistin B (polymyxin E2). The aim of this study was to develop and validate new and fast methods of quantification of colistin A and B and its precursors [colistin methanesulfonate sodium (CMS) A and B] by ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in plasma and urine with short pretreatment and run times.

Methods:
Chromatography was performed on an Acquity UPLC-MS/MS system (WATERS) with a WATERS Acquity UPLC C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 3.5 μm particle size). The pretreatment of samples consists of precipitation and extraction into microcolumns plate and HLB 96-well plate 30 μm–30 mg (OASIS) with a Positive Pressure-96 (WATERS).

Results:
Quantification was performed using a multiple reaction monitoring of the following transitions: m/z 390.9 → 385.1 for colistin A, m/z 386.2 → 101.0 for colistin B, and m/z 602.4 → 241.1 for polymyxin B1 sulfate. In plasma and urine, calibration curves were linear from 30 to 6000 ng/mL for colistin A and from 15 to 3000 ng/mL for colistin B. With an acceptable accuracy and precision, the lower limit of quantification were set at 24.0 ng/mL and 12.0 ng/mL for colistin A and B in plasma, and at 18.0 ng/mL and 9.0 ng/mL for colistin A and B in urine.

Conclusions:
These LC-MS/MS methods of quantification for colistin A and B and its precursors (CMS A and B) in plasma and urine are fast, simple, specific, sensitive, accurate, precise, and reliable. Furthermore, they are linear and repeatable. These procedures were successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of a critically ill patient suffering from ventilator-associated pneumonia, who was treated with nebulized CMS.
FOVEAL HYPOPLASIA: DIAGNOSIS USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: Sánchez-Vicente José L. , Contreras-Díaz Miguel , Llerena-Manzorro Laura , Rueda Trinidad , López-Herrero Fernando , Molina-Socola Fredy E. , Muñoz-Morales Ana , Rodríguez de la Rúa-Franch Enrique 
Published: September 2016

Purpose:
To describe the clinical presentations and image findings of a patient with foveal hypoplasia.

Methods:
Observational case report of one patient. The clinical presentation of the patient was documented by fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography.

Results:
A 55-year-old healthy white female with bilateral foveal hypoplasia without nystagmus was presented. There were no signs suggestive of ocular albinism. Absence of foveal depression was noted on both clinical examination and optical coherence tomography. Lack of foveal avascular zone was confirmed on fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography angiography.

Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of findings in foveal hypoplasia examined by angio-optical coherence tomography. Optical coherence tomography angiography is an easy, rapid, and noninvasive tool that allows imaging of the retinal microvasculature without intravenous dye injection.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Operative Bleeding Risk
Authors: Roose Steven P. , Rutherford Bret R. 
Published: September 2016

Objective
This study aimed to review the data on the effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on bleeding during or after operative procedures and to offer guidelines for clinical management.

Data Sources
Search of PubMed and MEDLINE for all articles in English from 1990–2016 with key words depression, antidepressants, bleeding, platelets, and operation.

Study Selection
Studies were included if they reported information on bleeding complications during operative or childbirth procedures in patients taking antidepressants.

Data Extraction
Because of the limited number and heterogeneity of studies with respect to the range of operative procedures and definition of bleeding complications, a qualitative approach was taken to summarize results rather than abstracting and aggregating data.

Results
The weight of the evidence is that SSRI use increases the risk of bleeding complications during and immediately after surgery. However, given the limited data, we cannot estimate the risk for a given patient having a given procedure.

Conclusions
Clinicians must consider the risk-to-benefit ratio of discontinuing an SSRI before an elective operative procedure. Discontinuing SSRI medications may result in discontinuation syndrome, symptom recrudescence, or relapse of depression, whereas continuing an SSRI during surgery exposes patients to significant bleeding risks. Antidepressant prescribers must be cognizant of and take responsibility for discussing this potential problem and considering different options. This issue must also be the responsibility of the doctor performing the procedure, but, frequently, it will be the prescribing physician who alerts the surgeon to the potential bleeding risk associated with SSRIs.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Pharmacokinetics and the Safety of Aripiprazole and Its Cardiovascular Effects in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Belmonte Carmen , Ochoa Dolores , Román Manuel , Cabaleiro Teresa , Talegón Maria , Sánchez-Rojas Sergio Daniel , Abad-Santos Francisco 
Published: September 2016

Aims
The aim of this study was the evaluation of the possible relationship between pharmacokinetics and the safety of aripiprazole as well as its influence on blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and corrected QT (QTc) interval.

Methods
The study population comprised 157 healthy volunteers from 6 bioequivalence clinical trials. Subjects were administered a single 10-mg oral dose of each formulation separated by a 28-day washout period. Plasma concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Blood pressure was measured at the following times: predose and 0.5, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours postdose. An electrocardiogram was recorded at predose, 4, and 8 hours postdose.

Results
Area under the curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration, half-life, and distribution volume corrected for weight were higher in women. Aripiprazole treatment produced a decrease of BP (9.3 mm Hg on systolic and 6.2 mm Hg on diastolic pressure) and an increase in HR (12.1 beats per minute) and QTc interval (9.1 milliseconds). There were sex differences in BP, HR, and QTc interval. Women and subjects with higher AUC and maximum plasma concentration values were more prone to experience adverse drug reactions and gastrointestinal adverse reactions. The AUC was related with systolic BP and diastolic BP decrease and HR increase but there was no relationship between aripiprazole concentrations and QTc increase.

Conclusions
Aripiprazole decreases BP and increases HR and QTc interval. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of aripiprazole are affected by sex. There is a directly proportional relationship between pharmacokinetic parameters and adverse drug reactions and effect on BP and HR.
Public Health Staff Development Needs in Informatics: Findings From a National Survey of Local Health Departments
Authors: Massoudi Barbara L. , Chester Kelley , Shah Gulzar H. 
Published: September 2016

Context:
Public health practice is information-intensive and information-driven. Public health informatics is a nascent discipline, and most public health practitioners lack necessary skills in this area.

Objective:
To describe the staff development needs of local health departments (LHDs) related to informatics.

Design:
Data came from the 2015 Informatics Capacity and Needs Assessment Survey, conducted by Georgia Southern University in collaboration with the National Association of County & City Health Officials.

Participants:
A total of 324 LHDs from all 50 states completed the survey (response rate: 50%).

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Outcome measures included LHDs' specific staff development needs related to informatics. Predictors of interest included jurisdiction size and governance type.

Results:
Areas of workforce development and improvement in informatics staff of LHDs included using and interpreting quantitative data, designing and running reports from information systems, using and interpreting qualitative data, using statistical or other analytical software, project management, and using geographical information systems. Significant variation in informatics training needs exists depending on the size of the LHD population and governance type.

Conclusion:
Substantial training needs exist for LHDs across many areas of informatics ranging from very basic to specialized skills and are related to the size of LHD population and governance type.
Case study: Paralog diverged features may help reduce off-target effects of drugs
Authors: Sa Zhining , Zhou Jingqi , Zou Yangyun , Gu Xun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSide effects from targeted drugs is a serious concern. One reason is the nonselective binding of a drug to unintended proteins such as its paralogs, which are highly homologous in sequences and exhibit similar structures and drug-binding pockets. In this study, we analyzed amino acid residues with type-II functional divergence, i.e., sites that are conserved in sequence constraints but differ in physicochemical properties between paralogs, to identify targetable differences between two paralogs. We analyzed paralogous protein receptors in the glucagon-like subfamily, glucagon receptor (GCGR) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), which are clinically validated drug targets in patients with type 2 diabetes and exhibit divergence in ligands, showing opposing roles in regulating glucose homeostasis. We identified 8 residues related to type-II functional divergence, which are conserved in functional constraints but differ in physicochemical properties between GCGR and GLP-1R. We detected significant enrichment of predicted residues in binding sites of the antagonist MK-0893 to GCGR. We also identified a type-II functional divergence-related residue involved in ligand-specific effects that was critical for agonist-mediated activation of GLP-1R. We describe the important role of type-II functional divergence-related sites in paralog discrimination, enabling the identification of binding sites to reduce undesirable side effects and increase the target specificity of drugs.
Unique properties of Zika NS2B-NS3pro complexes as decoded by experiments and MD simulations
Authors: Roy Amrita , Lim Liangzhong , Srivastava Shagun , Song Jianxing 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTZika virus can be passed from a pregnant woman to her fetus, thus leading to birth defects including more than microcephaly. It has been recently estimated that one-third of the world population will be infected by Zika, but unfortunately no vaccine or medicine is available so far. Zika NS2B-NS3pro is essential for its replication and thus represents an attractive target for drug discovery/design. Here we characterized conformation, catalysis, inhibition and dynamics of linked and unlinked Zika NS2B-NS3pro complexes by both experiments and MD simulations. The results unveil the unique properties of Zika NS2B-NS3pro which are very different from Dengue one. Particularly, CD and NMR studies indicate that unlike Dengue, the C-terminal region of Zika NS2B with a significant sequence variation is highly disordered in the open conformation. Indeed, MD simulations reveal that up to 100 ns, the Dengue NS2B C-terminus constantly has close contacts with its NS3pro domain. By a sharp contrast, the Zika NS2B C-terminus loses the contacts with its NS3pro domain after 10 ns, further forming a short β-sheet characteristic of the closed conformation at 30 ns. Furthermore, we found that a small molecule, previously identified as an active site inhibitor for other flaviviral NS2B-NS3pro, inhibited Zika NS2B-NS3pro potently in an allosteric manner. Our study provides the first insight into the dynamics of Zika NS2B-NS3pro and further deciphers that it is susceptible to allosteric inhibition, which thus bears critical implications for the future development of therapeutic allosteric inhibitors.