bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison between published clinical success of direct resin composite restorations in vital posterior teeth in 1995–2005 and 2006–2016 periods
Authors: Alvanforoush N , Palamara J , Wong RH , Burrow MF 
Published: November 2016

AbstractComposites are increasing in popularity as restorative materials. This growing role indicates the necessity of studies on their clinical outcome. In this study, clinical studies published on the performance of posterior composite restorations were included except those of less than a 24‐month assessment period. Results of non‐vital, anterior or primary teeth and cervical single‐surface restorations were also excluded. Records about composite type, number of final recall restorations, failure/survival rate, assessment period and failure reasons were analysed for each decade. Overall survival/failure rates for studies in 1995–2005 were 89.41%/10.59% and for 2006–2016 were 86.87%/13.13%, respectively. In 1995–2005, the reasons for failure were secondary caries (29.47%) and composite fracture (28.84%) with low tooth fracture (3.45%) compared with reasons of failure in 2006–2016, which were secondary caries (25.68%), composite fracture (39.07%), and tooth fracture (23.76%). An increase in incidence of composite fracture, tooth fracture and need for endodontic treatment as failure reasons was noted in the latter decade in addition to a decrease in secondary caries, postoperative sensitivity, unsatisfactory marginal adaptation and wear. The overall rates of failure showed little difference, but the causes showed a notable change. This is believed to be a reflection of increased use of composites for larger restorations and possibly changes of material characteristics.
Regulation of crucial lncRNAs in differentiation of chicken embryonic stem cells to spermatogonia stem cells
Authors: Li D. , Ji Y. , Wang F. , Wang Y. , Wang M. , Zhang C. , Zhang W. , Lu Z. , Sun C. , Ahmed M. F. , He N. , Jin K. , Cheng S. , Wang Y. , He Y. , Song J. , Zhang Y. , Li B. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryRegulation of crucial lncRNAs involved in differentiation of chicken embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) was explored by sequencing the transcriptome of ESCs, primordial germ cells (PGCs) and SSCs with RNA‐Seq; analytical bioinformatic methods were used to excavate candidate lncRNAs. We detected expression of candidate lncRNAs in ESCs, PGCs and SSCs and forecasted related target genes. Utilizing wego, david and string, function and protein–protein interactions of target genes were analyzed. Finally, based on string analysis, interaction diagrams and relevant signaling pathways were established. Our results indicate a total of 9657 lncRNAs in ESCs, PGCs and SSCs, with 3549 defined as significantly different. We screened 20 candidate lncRNAs, each demonstrating a greater than eight‐fold difference in |logFC| value between groups (ESCs vs. PGCs, ESCs vs. SSCs and PGCs vs. SSCs) or specifically expressed in an individual cell type. qRT‐PCR results indicated that expression tendencies of candidate lncRNAs were consistent with RNA‐Seq. Fifteen cis and four trans target genes were forecasted. Based on wego and string analyses, we found lnc‐SSC1, lnc‐SSC5, lnc‐SSC2 and lnc‐ESC2 negatively regulated target genes SUFU, EPHA3, KLF3, ARL3 and TRIM8, whereas SHH, NOTCH, TGF‐β, cAMP/cGMP and JAK/STAT signaling pathways were promoted, causing differentiation of ESCs into SSCs. Our findings represent a preliminary unveiling of lncRNA‐associated regulatory mechanisms during differentiation of chicken ESCs into SSCs, filling a research void in male germ cell differentiation related to lncRNA. Our results also provide basic information for improving in vitro induction systems for differentiation of chicken ESCs into SSCs.
Atypical presentation of livedo racemosa in a factor V Leiden heterozygous positive patient with Pseudomonas aeruginosa urosepsis
Authors: Johnston Jesse , Noakes Rowland , Davidson Kurt 
Published: November 2016

AbstractImpairment of the protein C pathway, detectable by reduced plasma levels of activated protein C (APC), are risk factors for venous thrombosis. Activated protein C maintains clotting homeostasis by regulation of pro‐coagulant factors Va and VIIIa. Both infection and the factor V Leiden mutation reduce the formation of APC from protein C in the blood. With low levels of APC, excess factors Va and VIIIa exist, increasing the risk of thrombus formation. Livedo racemosa is characterised by a striking, violaceous branch‐like pattering of the skin. It is similar to livedo reticularis, but with a different morphology and histopathology. In this case report we present the first case of livedo racemosa, in an 89‐year‐old factor V Leiden‐positive patient with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract infection. The cutaneous biopsies demonstrated vasculopathy with intraluminal thrombi in subcutaneous vessels with no evidence of inflammatory vasculitis.
Investigating antenatal corticosteroid clinical guideline practice at an organisational level
Authors: McGoldrick Emma L. , Brown Julie A. , Groom Katie M. , Crowther Caroline A. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundHigh‐quality, evidence‐based guidelines can improve the quality of health care and facilitate standardisation of practice within and across healthcare organisations. Limited information is known regarding existing antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) guideline practices within organisations across Australia and New Zealand.AimsTo assess existing ACS clinical practice guidelines (CPG). To describe current organisational practice related to the production, implementation and renewal of CPG.DesignA cross‐sectional survey of hospital practice using an online questionnaire.MethodsClinical Managers at 27 secondary and 25 tertiary maternity hospitals, that contribute data to the Australia and New Zealand Neonatal Network, were approached from May to September 2015 and completed the questionnaire on behalf of their organisation.ResultsOf the hospitals surveyed, 93% reported having a CPG or protocol. Of these, 89% of CPG included recommendations on a single course of ACS, 37% on the use of repeat course/s and 41% on use prior to elective caesarean section at term. Variation in the recommendations provided existed between countries and depending on the level of neonatal care provided. A guideline development group existed in 85% of hospitals. The preferred tools to facilitate implementation of a CPG include: email with a link to the hospital intranet, education sessions and an opinion leader. Only 28% of respondents reported auditing the use of ACS administration.ConclusionsThere is significant variation in the recommendations provided by current ACS CPGs. Utilisation of a single ACS CPG reflective of the current available evidence base may limit this variation.
Forkhead box protein‐3 (Foxp3)‐producing dendritic cells suppress allergic response
Authors: Liu X.‐Y. , Xu L.‐Z. , Luo X.‐Q. , Geng X.‐R. , Liu Z.‐Q. , Yang L.‐T. , Yang G. , Chen S. , Liu Z.‐G. , Li H.‐B. , Yang L.‐T. , Luan T.‐G. , Yang P.‐C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe generation of the tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) is not fully understood yet. Forkhead box protein‐3 (Foxp3) is an important molecule in the immune tolerance. This study tests a hypothesis that DCs express Foxp3, which can be upregulated by Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB).MethodsThe expression of Foxp3 by DCs was evaluated by real‐time RT‐PCR, Western blotting, flow cytometry, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay.ResultsWe observed that mice treated with SEB at 0.25–0.5 μg/mouse showed high frequencies of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β‐producing CD4+ T cells and TGF‐β‐producing DCs in the intestine, while the IL‐4+ CD4+ T cells and TIM4+ DCs were dominated in the intestine in mice treated with SEB at 1–10 μg/mouse. Treating DCs with SEB in the culture induced high levels of Foxp3 at the TGF‐β promoter locus. The function of Foxp3 was blocked by STAT6 (signal transducer and activator transcription‐6); the latter was induced by exposing DCs to SEB in the culture at doses of 100–400 ng/ml. Treating allergic mice with specific immunotherapy (SIT) together with SEB significantly promoted the therapeutic effects on the allergic responses than treating with SIT alone.ConclusionDendritic cells have the capacity to express Foxp3, which can be upregulated by exposure to SEB.
The temporal and age‐dependent patterns of hysterectomy‐corrected cervical cancer incidence rates in Denmark: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Hammer Anne , Kahlert Johnny , Rositch Anne , Pedersen Lars , Gravitt Patti , Blaakaer Jan , Soegaard Mette 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntroductionHysterectomy is a common gynecological procedure; however, the incidence of total and subtotal hysterectomy varies across countries, by age, and over time. As only women with an intact cervix are at risk of cervical cancer, failing to remove hysterectomized women from the denominator may underestimate the cervical cancer incidence. We aimed to describe the temporal and age‐dependent patterns of cervical cancer incidence in Denmark before and after correction for hysterectomy.Material and methodsUsing data from national registries we calculated uncorrected and hysterectomy‐corrected cervical cancer incidence rates among women ≥20 years during 2000–11. Hysterectomy‐corrected rates were calculated by subtracting post‐hysterectomy person‐years from the denominator.ResultsThe overall uncorrected cervical cancer incidence rate was 17.8/100 000 person‐years (95% CI 17.3–18.3). After correction for hysterectomy, the rate increased by 8.4% to 19.3/100 000 person‐years (95% CI 18.8–19.9). The highest uncorrected incidence was seen in women aged 35–39 years, peaking at 24.4/100 000 person‐years, whereas the highest hysterectomy‐corrected cervical cancer incidence rate was observed in women aged 75–79 years (29.4/100 000 person‐years). Over time, women ≥60 years had the highest hysterectomy‐corrected cervical cancer incidence.ConclusionsCorrecting for hysterectomy incidence resulted in a higher cervical cancer incidence and a shift in the peak incidence from age 35–39 years to age 75–79 years. Over time, women ≥60 years were at the highest risk of cervical cancer. Given the high incidence in women >60–65 years, when women are eligible to exit screening, a revision of the screening guidelines may be warranted.
Of channels and pumps: different ways to boost the aldosterone?
Authors: Bandulik S. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe mineralocorticoid aldosterone is a major factor controlling the salt and water balance and thereby also the arterial blood pressure. Accordingly, primary aldosteronism (PA) characterized by an inappropriately high aldosterone secretion is the most common form of secondary hypertension. The physiological stimulation of aldosterone synthesis in adrenocortical glomerulosa cells by angiotensin II and an increased plasma K+ concentration depends on a membrane depolarization and an increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ activity. Recurrent gain‐of‐function mutations of ion channels and transporters have been identified in a majority of cases of aldosterone‐producing adenomas and in familial forms of PA. In this review, the physiological role of these genes in the regulation of aldosterone synthesis and the altered function of the mutant proteins as well are described. The specific changes of the membrane potential and the cellular ion homoeostasis in adrenal cells expressing the different mutants are compared, and their impact on autonomous aldosterone production and proliferation is discussed.
ABCC3 Polymorphisms and mRNA Expression Influence the Concentration of a Carboxylic Acid Metabolite in Patients on Clopidogrel and Aspirin Therapy
Authors: Luchessi André Ducati , Concheiro Marta , Germano Juliana de Freitas , Silbiger Vivian Nogueira , Bortolin Raul Hernandes , Cruz Angelines , Quintela Oscar , Brion Maria , Carracedo Angel , Iñiguez Andres , Bravo Marisol , López‐Rivadulla Manuel , Hirata Rosario Dominguez Crespo , Sousa Amanda Guerra Moraes Rego , Hirata Mario Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAcetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and clopidogrel combined therapy has been reported to be beneficial in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Antiplatelet drug resistance, especially to clopidogrel, is a multifactorial phenomenon that affects a large number of ACS patients. The genetic contribution to this drug response is not fully elucidated. We investigated the relationship of ABC‐type efflux subfamily C member 3 (ABCC3) polymorphisms and mRNA expression with plasma concentrations of clopidogrel, salicylic acid (SA) and a carboxylic acid metabolite (CAM). Clopidogrel, CAM and SA plasma concentrations were measured simultaneously by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) from 83 ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. ABCC3 (rs757421, rs733392 and rs739923) and CYP2C19*2 (rs4244285) polymorphisms as well as mRNA expression were evaluated. A positive correlation was found between CAM concentrations and ABCC3 mRNA expression (r = 0.494, p < 0.0001). Patients carrying genotype AA (rs757421 variant) had higher CAM concentrations and ABCC3 mRNA expression as compared to those of GG + GA carriers (p = 0.017). A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that ABCC3 mRNA expression (p = 0.017), rs757421 AA genotype (p = 0.001), blood collection time (p = 0.018) and clopidogrel dose (p = 0.001) contributed to the concentration of CAM. No associations were observed for the CYP2C19*2 polymorphism. These results suggest that up‐regulation of ABCC3 mRNA expression leads to increased plasma CAM levels through MRP3‐mediated cell efflux. The ABCC3 rs757421 polymorphism may contribute to gene expression. Therefore, ABCC3 may be a potential biomarker for the response to clopidogrel.
“Very Good” Ratings in a Survey of Maternity Care: Kindness and Understanding Matter to Australian Women
Authors: Todd Angela L. , Ampt Amanda J. , Roberts Christine L. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundSurveys have shown that women are highly satisfied with their maternity care. Their satisfaction has been associated with various demographic, personal, and care factors. Isolating the factors that most matter to women about their care can guide quality improvement efforts. This study aimed to identify the most significant factors associated with high ratings of care by women in the three maternity periods (antenatal, birth, and postnatal).MethodsA survey was sent to 2,048 women who gave birth at seven public hospitals in New South Wales, Australia, exploring their expectations of, and experiences with maternity care. Women's overall ratings of care for the antenatal, birth, and postnatal periods were analyzed, and a number of maternal characteristics and care factors examined as potential predictors of “Very good” ratings of care.ResultsAmong 886 women with a completed survey, 65 percent assigned a “Very good” rating for antenatal care, 74 percent for birth care, 58 percent for postnatal care, and 44 percent for all three periods. One factor was strongly associated with care ratings in all three maternity periods: women who were “always or almost always” treated with kindness and understanding were 1.8–2.8 times more likely to rate their antenatal, birth, and postnatal care as “Very good.” A limited number of other factors were significantly associated with high care ratings for one or two of the maternity periods.ConclusionsWomen's perceptions about the quality of their interpersonal interactions with health caregivers have a significant bearing on women's views about their maternity care journey.
A randomized controlled trial of an early‐intervention, computer‐based literacy program to boost phonological skills in 4‐ to 6‐year‐old children
Authors: O'Callaghan Paul , McIvor Aimee , McVeigh Claire , Rushe Teresa 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundMany school‐based interventions are being delivered in the absence of evidence of effectiveness (Snowling & Hulme, 2011, Br. J. Educ. Psychol., 81, 1).AimsThis study sought to address this oversight by evaluating the effectiveness of the commonly used the Lexia Reading Core5 intervention, with 4‐ to 6‐year‐old pupils in Northern Ireland.SampleA total of 126 primary school pupils in year 1 and year 2 were screened on the Phonological Assessment Battery 2nd Edition (PhAB‐2). Children were recruited from the equivalent year groups to Reception and Year 1 in England and Wales, and Pre‐kindergarten and Kindergarten in North America.MethodsA total of 98 below‐average pupils were randomized (T0) to either an 8‐week block ( = 647.51 min, SD = 158.21) of daily access to Lexia Reading Core5 (n = 49) or a waiting‐list control group (n = 49). Assessment of phonological skills was completed at post‐intervention (T1) and at 2‐month follow‐up (T2) for the intervention group only.ResultsAnalysis of covariance which controlled for baseline scores found that the Lexia Reading Core5 intervention group made significantly greater gains in blending, F(1, 95) = 6.50, p = .012, partial η2 = .064 (small effect size) and non‐word reading, F(1, 95) = 7.20, p = .009, partial η2 = .070 (small effect size). Analysis of the 2‐month follow‐up of the intervention group found that all group treatment gains were maintained. However, improvements were not uniform among the intervention group with 35% failing to make progress despite access to support. Post‐hoc analysis revealed that higher T0 phonological working memory scores predicted improvements made in phonological skills.ConclusionsAn early‐intervention, computer‐based literacy program can be effective in boosting the phonological skills of 4‐ to 6‐year‐olds, particularly if these literacy difficulties are not linked to phonological working memory deficits.
Analysis of a cohort of 101 CDAII patients: description of 24 new molecular variants and genotype‐phenotype correlations
Authors: Bianchi Paola , Schwarz Klaus , Högel Josef , Fermo Elisa , Vercellati Cristina , Grosse Regine , van Wijk Richard , van Zwieten Rob , Barcellini Wilma , Zanella Alberto , Heimpel Hermann 
Published: November 2016

SummaryCongenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type II (CDAII) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis, haemolysis, erythroblast morphological abnormalities, hypoglycosylation of some red blood cell membrane proteins, particularly band 3, and mutations in the SEC23B gene. We report the analysis of 101 patients from 91 families with a median follow‐up of 23 years (range 0–65); 68 patients are newly reported. Clinical and haematological parameters were separately analysed in early infancy and thereafter, when feasible. Molecular analysis of the SEC23B gene confirmed the high heterogeneity of the defect, leading to the identification of 54 different mutations, 24 of which are newly described. To evaluate the genotype‐phenotype correlation, patients were grouped according to their genotype (two missense mutations vs. one missense/one drastic mutation) and assigned to two different severity gradings based on laboratory data and on therapeutic needs; by this approach only a weak genotype‐phenotype correlation was observed in the analysed groups.
What determines forgiveness in close relationships? The role of post‐transgression trust
Authors: Strelan Peter , Karremans Johan C. , Krieg Josiah 
Published: November 2016

Relationship closeness is one of the best predictors of forgiveness. But what is the process by which closeness encourages forgiveness? Across three studies, we employed a mix of experimental and correlational designs with prospective (N = 108), scenario (N = 71), and recall (N = 184) paradigms to test a multiple mediation model. We found consistent evidence that the positive association between relationship closeness and forgiveness may be explained by levels of post‐transgression trust in the offender. Moreover, trust always played the main mediating role in the forgiveness process, even when taking into account several transgression‐specific variables associated with both trust and forgiveness (e.g., apology). We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of trust as a key indicator of forgiveness in close relationships.
‘CHOOSE TO BE OPTIMISTIC, IT FEELS BETTER?’ EVIDENCE OF OPTIMISM ON EMPLOYMENT UTILITY
Authors: Dawson Chris , Hinks Tim , Veliziotis Michail 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIndividual's expected wages exceed predicted market wages. Rational expectations imply the divergence should be zero. If individuals over‐estimate the return from their attributes and view the paid‐employment return distribution too favourably, then conditional on market wages, subsequent employment utility is likely to be low through disappointment.
Responses of pre‐dispersal seed predators to sequential flowering of Dipterocarps in Malaysia
Authors: Hosaka Tetsuro , Yumoto Takakazu , Chen Yu‐Yun , Sun I‐Fang , Wright S. Joseph , Numata Shinya , Nur Supardi Noor Md 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMany species of Dipterocarpaceae and other plant families reproduce synchronously at irregular, multi‐year intervals in Southeast Asian forests. These community‐wide general flowering events are thought to facilitate seed survival through satiation of generalist seed predators. During a general flowering event, closely related Shorea species (Dipterocarpaceae) stagger their flowering times by several weeks, which may minimize cross pollination and interspecific competition for pollinators. Generalist, pre‐dispersal seed predators might also track flowering hosts and influence predator satiation. We addressed the question of whether pre‐dispersal seed predation differed between early and late flowering Shorea species by monitoring flowering, fruiting and seed predation intensity over two general flowering events at the Pasoh Research Forest, Malaysia. Pre‐dispersal insect seed predators killed up to 63 percent of developing seeds, with Nanophyes shoreae, a weevil that feeds on immature seeds being the most important predator for all Shorea species. This weevil caused significantly greater pre‐dispersal seed predation in earlier flowering species. Long larval development time precluded oviposition by adults that emerged from the earliest flowering Shorea on the final flowering Shorea. In contrast, larvae of weevils that feed on mature seeds before seed dispersal (Alcidodes spp.), appeared in seeds of all Shorea species almost simultaneously. We conclude that general flowering events have the potential to satiate post‐dispersal seed predators and pre‐dispersal seed predators of mature fruit, but are less effective at satiating pre‐dispersal predators of immature fruit attacking early flowering species.