bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-color photometric investigation of the totally eclipsing binary NO Camelopardalis
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Qian Shengbang , Zhang Bin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Multi-color photometric light curves of NO Camelopardalis in V, RC, and IC bands are obtained and analyzed simultaneously using the Wilson–Devinney program. The solutions suggest that NO Cam is an A-subtype overcontact binary with a mass ratio of q = 0.439 and a contact degree of f = 55.5%. The small temperature difference (ΔT = 44 K) between its two components indicates that the system is under thermal contact. The high orbital inclination (i = 84${^{\circ}_{.}}$5) strengthens our confidence in the parameters determined from the light curves. All available times of minimum light are collected and period variations are analyzed for the first time. The O − C curve reveals that its period is increasing continuously at a rate of dP/dt = +1.46 × 10−9, which can be explained by mass transfer from the less massive component to the more massive one. After the upward parabolic variation is subtracted, the residuals suggest that there may be a cyclic variation with a period of 2.23 yr and an amplitude of A3 = 0.00153 d, which may due to the light-travel-time effect arising from the gravitational influence of a close-in tertiary component. The close-in companion reveals that early dynamic interaction among a triple system may have played a very important role in the formation of the W UMa-type binaries.
Falling Down on the Job: Evaluation and Treatment of Fall Risk Among Older Adults With Upper Extremity Fragility Fractures
Authors: McDonough Christine M. , Colla Carrie H. , Carmichael Donald , Tosteson Anna N. A. , Tosteson Tor D. , Bell John-Erik , Cantu Robert V. , Lurie Jonathan D. , Bynum Julie P. W. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background:
Clinical practice guidelines recommend fall risk assessment and intervention for older adults who sustain a fall-related injury to prevent future injury and mobility decline.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to describe how often Medicare beneficiaries with upper extremity fracture receive evaluation and treatment for fall risk.

Design:
Observational cohort.

Methods:
Participants were fee-for-service beneficiaries age 66 to 99 treated as outpatients for proximal humerus or distal radius/ulna (“wrist”) fragility fractures. -Participants were studied using Carrier and Outpatient Hospital files. The proportion of patients evaluated or treated for fall risk up to 6 months after proximal humerus or wrist fracture from 2007–2009 was examined based on evaluation, treatment, and diagnosis codes. Time to evaluation and number of treatment sessions were calculated. Logistic regression was used to analyze patient characteristics that predicted receiving evaluation or treatment. Narrow (gait training) and broad (gait training or therapeutic exercise) definitions of service were used.

Results:
There were 309,947 beneficiaries who sustained proximal humerus (32%) or wrist fracture (68%); 10.7% received evaluation or treatment for fall risk or gait issues (humerus: 14.2%; wrist: 9.0%). Using the broader definition, the percentage increased to 18.5% (humerus: 23.4%; wrist: 16.3%). Factors associated with higher likelihood of services after fracture were: evaluation or treatment for falls or gait prior to fracture, more comorbidities, prior nursing home stay, older age, humerus fracture (vs wrist), female sex, and white race.

Limitations:
Claims analysis may underestimate physician and physical therapist fall assessments, but it is not likely to qualitatively change the results.

Conclusions:
A small proportion of older adults with upper extremity fracture received fall risk assessment and treatment. Providers and health systems must advance efforts to provide timely evidence-based management of fall risk in this population.
Use of Maternal Early Warning Trigger Tool Reduces Maternal Morbidity
Authors: Shields Laurence E. , Wiesner Suzanne , Klein Catherine , Pelletreau Barbara , Hedriana Herman L. 
Published: February 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214:527.e1–527.e6)
Over the past 20 years, maternal mortality has increased unabated in the United States along with a simultaneous increase in severe maternal morbidity. Many national and state organizations have provided recommendations regarding the use of maternal early warning tools to solve this problem. However, there are limited data that support the use of these types of clinical assessment tools to reduce maternal morbidity. The objective of this study were to determine whether maternal morbidity could be reduced with the implementation of a clinical pathway-specific Maternal Early Warning Trigger (MEWT) tool. This tool was developed internally and prospectively implemented as a pilot project in 6 of 29 hospitals within a large hospital system.
An Update on the Use of Massive Transfusion Protocols in Obstetrics
Authors: Pacheco Luis D. , Saade George R. , Costantine Maged M. , Clark Steven L. , Hankins Gary D. V. 
Published: February 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214(3):340–344)
Peripartum hemorrhage due to increased cesarean deliveries and placental anomalies is a significant cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Alternate pathways have been suggested to play an important role in the pathophysiology of massive hemorrhage. Research evidence suggests that hemostatic resuscitation can improve outcomes compared with traditional resuscitation protocols. Massive transfusion protocols administer blood products early in the resuscitation process and have been adopted widely in the United States for severe hemorrhage treatment. This review aimed to address updates on the use of massive transfusion protocols for obstetrical hemorrhage.
Uterine Rupture: Trends Over 40 Years
Authors: Al-Zirqi I. , Stray-Pedersen B. , Forsén L. , Daltveit A.K. , Vangena S. 
Published: February 2017

(BJOG. 2016;123:780–787)
An increasing trend in the use of cesarean section worldwide implies a consequent increase in the rate of uterine rupture. The objectives of this study were to determine the trends in incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of uterine rupture over a period of 40 years in Norway.
Seeing Double: A Nation of Twins From Sea to Shining Sea
Authors: Adashi Eli Y. 
Published: February 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214(3):311–313)
Twin birth rates in the United States have constantly been on the rise (33.9 per 1000 live births in 2014) as reported by the Division of Vital Statistics of the National Centers for Health Statistics. The adverse consequences of an increasing national twin birth rate include babies that are born “very preterm” (<32 completed weeks of gestation) or “preterm” (<37 completed weeks of gestation), and babies born with “very low birthweight” (<1500 g) or “low birthweight” (<2500 g). This commentary aimed to explain the ontogeny of the twin births “epidemic,” to describe the factors contributing to it, and to propose potential remedies for it. The basal/naturally occurring national twin birth rate was 20.1 per 1000 live births from 1949 to 1966. The first fertility-promoting drug (clomiphene citrate) was introduced in 1967 at which time the incidence of twin births gradually started to rise. The national twin birth rate grew steadily from 1986 as the in vitro fertilization (IVF) venture was just in progress. With the increasing utilization of IVF and the emergence of superovulation and subsequent intrauterine insemination (IUI), the national twin birth rate reached 25 per 1000 live births after a decade. The national twin birth rate had crossed the 30 per 1000 live births barrier by 2001 and had thereby resulted in an overall 1.7-fold increase compared with its baseline rate, with the rising trend yet to be reversed.
Wide Differences in Mode of Delivery Within Europe: Risk-stratified Analyses of Aggregated Routine Data from the Euro-Peristat Study
Authors: Macfarlane A.J. , Blondel B. , Mohangoo A.D. , Cuttini M. , Nijhuis J. , Novak Z. , Ólafsdóttir H.S. , Zeitlin J. 
Published: February 2017

(BJOG. 2016;123:559–568)
Cesarean section rates have been on the rise in many developed countries over the past few decades. Cesarean section is a necessity in some high-risk conditions like placenta previa or fetal distress. Performance of the surgery is often governed by factors like parity, previous cesarean section, fetal presentation and multiplicity. The objectives of this study were two-fold: first to use aggregated population-based data from routine sources to review and understand the differences between obstetric intervention rates for European countries, and second to analyze the extent to which clinicians were likely to intervene in high-risk situations in countries with high overall cesarean rates.
Finding NEMO in Preeclampsia
Authors: Sakowicz Agata , Hejduk Paulina , Pietrucha Tadeusz , Nowakowska Magdalena , Płuciennik Elżbieta , Pospiech Karolina , Gach Agnieszka , Rybak-Krzyszkowska Magda , Sakowicz Bartosz , Kaminski Marek , Krasomski Grzegorz , Biesiada Lidia 
Published: February 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214:538.e1–538.7)
Research has shown that 5% to 7% of low-risk nulliparous women are affected by preeclampsia (PE).
Nifedipine Versus Atosiban for Threatened Preterm Birth (APOSTEL III): A Multicentre, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van Vliet Elvira O.G. , Nijman Tobias A.J. , Schuit Ewoud , Heida Karst Y. , Opmeer Brent C. , Kok Marjolein , Gyselaers Wilfried , Porath Martina M. , Woiski Mallory , Bax Caroline J. , Bloemenkamp Kitty W.M. , Scheepers Hubertina C.J. , Jacquemyn Yves , van Beek Erik , Duvekot Johannes J. , Franssen Maureen T.M. , Papatsonis Dimitri N. , Kok Joke H. , van der Post Joris A.M. , Franx Arie , Mol Ben W. , Oudijk Martijn A. 
Published: February 2017

(Lancet. 2016;387:2117–2124)
Research has shown that preterm birth accounts for 50% of neonatal morbidity and 50% to 75% of neonatal mortality worldwide.
Persistent Paralysis After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Zaphiratos V. , McKeen D.M. , Macaulay B. , George R. B. 
Published: February 2017

(J Clin Anesth. 2015;27(1):68–72)
The increased use of neuraxial anesthesia during cesarean delivery has greatly decreased the rate of maternal mortality.
Causes and consequences of fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Katz Patricia 
Published: February 2017

Purpose of review
To review current information on the causes, treatments, and consequences of fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis.

Recent findings
Disease activity (inflammation, pain, joint symptoms) is associated with greater fatigue. However, disease activity per se accounts for only a small portion of fatigue, and rheumatoid arthritis medications that reduce disease activity have small effects on fatigue. Instead, factors outside the direct effects of rheumatoid arthritis, such as obesity, physical inactivity, sleep disturbance, and depression, explain the majority of variation in fatigue. Some of these factors may be indirect effects of disease (e.g. pain can lead to sleep disturbance). Rheumatoid arthritis has significant effects on the quality of life of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. The most effective approaches to reducing rheumatoid arthritis fatigue appear to be behavioral, such as increasing physical activity, or cognitive, such as cognitive behavioral interventions.

Summary
Fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis appears to be largely because of factors outside the direct effects of the disease, such as behavioral and psychological factors. In spite of the tremendous impact of fatigue on patient health and quality of life, effective treatments remain elusive, but existing data show that behavioral and cognitive approaches may be most effective.
Superior Outcomes After Operative Fixation of Patella Fractures Using a Novel Plating Technique: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lorich Dean G. , Fabricant Peter D. , Sauro Gina , Lazaro Lionel E. , Thacher Ryan R. , Garner Matthew R. , Warner Stephen J. 
Published: February 2017

Objective:
The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to determine if a new patella fracture fixation construct resulted in improved outcomes compared with traditional tension band techniques.

Design:
Comparative cohort study.

Setting:
Academic level I trauma center.

Patients/Participants:
Patients with isolated, unilateral patellar fractures were enrolled prospectively. From 2012 to 2014, 33 patients underwent fixation with a novel plate construct that spans half of the patella circumference laterally and provides multiplanar fixation through a low-profile plate. A comparison cohort was drawn from 25 patients treated from 2008 to 2012, where treatment consisted of traditional tension band fixation techniques.

Intervention:
Surgical fixation of patella fractures was performed with either a tension band or novel plate construct.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Subjective postoperative clinical outcomes and objective functional and strength measurements were subsequently collected.

Results:
The 2 cohorts had similar baseline characteristics. Patients with the plate construct had clinically and statistically significantly superior Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS) scores throughout the study period (P < 0.001). Functional testing also demonstrated significant improvements in patients with plate constructs compared with tension band constructs at 12 months. Patients in the plate cohort had significantly increased thigh circumferences (P = 0.003) and decreased anterior knee pain (P < 0.0001) compared with the tension band cohort.

Conclusions:
In this prospective cohort study, the use of a novel fixation construct with multiplanar and interfragmentary fixation and minimal disruption of patellar vascularity enables improved clinical outcomes and functional performance.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Precise Measurement of the Outer Diameters of Antibiotic-Laden Cement Nails Produced by Various Sized Thoracostomy Catheter Molds
Authors: Czajka Cory M. , Bauer Ian N. , Warner Stephen J. , Goytia Robin N. , Brinker Mark R. 
Published: February 2017

Objectives:
At our institution, custom-made antibiotic-laden cement nails (ACNs) fabricated during surgery using a thoracostomy catheter as a mold are commonly used to treat long-bone infection. As the outer diameter of the nails produced has not previously been described, we designed a study to measure the outer diameter of ACNs fashioned using commercially available and commonly utilized thoracostomy catheters of various sizes.

Methods:
Six thoracostomy catheters from 2 different manufactures (Argyle PVC Thoracic Catheters; Covidien Ltd and Atrium PVC Thoracic Catheters; Atrium Medical Corporation), ranging from 20 French to 40 French, were utilized in this study. Each catheter was filled with antibiotic-laden cement, and the most proximal segment (largest outer diameter) and most distal segment (smallest outer diameter) were detached for study. Once the cement was cured, the thoracostomy catheters were cut away and the segments were measured using a calibrated digital caliper (Mitutoyo Corp, Aurora, IL). Because the ACNs produced using the technique taper from proximal to distal according to the shape of the thoracostomy catheter design, data were recorded as a maximum and minimum outer diameter for each ACN produced by each of the 6 thoracostomy catheter sizes studied. All measurements were in millimeters and were rounded to the nearest one-tenth of a millimeter.

Results:
The ACNs produced using the various sized thoracostomy catheters had segments with outer diameters ranging from 4.2 mm to 11.2 mm. Both brands of catheters produced nails with similar distal diameters. Specifically, the mean distal diameter measurements were 4.2 mm for a 20 French catheter, 5.5 mm for a 24 French catheter, 6.6 mm for a 28 French catheter, 7.7 mm for a 32 French catheter, 8.4 mm for a 36 French catheter, and 9.9 mm for a 40 French catheter. The Argyle brand catheters produced nails with proximal diameters that increased with the catheter's size, from 7.1 mm for a 20 French catheter to 11.2 mm for a 40 French catheter. The Atrium brand catheters produced nails with a much tighter range of proximal diameters ranging from 9.4 mm to 11.1 mm.

Conclusions:
Thoracostomy catheters are commonly utilized to produce ACNs. The results of our study confirm that the fabricated nails taper in diameter from proximal to distal. Knowledge of the specific dimensions of the ACN produced by each size thoracostomy catheter will aid the orthopaedic surgeon in selecting the right size based on the diameter of the medullary canal being treated.
Presence of Failed Fracture Implants in Association With Lower Extremity Long Bone Nonunion Does Not Portend Worse Outcome After Nonunion Repair
Authors: Regan Deirdre K. , Davidovitch Roy I. , Konda Sanjit , Manoli Arthur , Leucht Philipp , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: February 2017

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the finding of failed fracture implants in association with lower extremity long bone fracture nonunion portends worse clinical or functional outcome after surgical nonunion repair.

Design:
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.

Setting:
Academic Medical Center.

Patients:
One hundred eighty-one patients who presented to our institution over a 10-year period and underwent surgical repair of a lower extremity fracture nonunion.

Intervention:
Surgical repair of lower extremity fracture nonunion.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Time to union, postoperative complications, visual analog scale pain scores, and Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment scores after lower extremity nonunion repair. Data were analyzed to assess for differences in postoperative outcomes based on the integrity of fracture implants at the time of nonunion diagnosis. Implant integrity was defined using 3 groups: broken implants (BI), implants intact (II), and no implants (NI).

Results:
There was no significant difference in time to union after surgery between the BI, II, or NI groups (mean 8.1 months vs. 7.6 months vs. 6.2 months, respectively). Fourteen patients (7.7%) failed to heal, including 5 BI patients, 7 II patients, and 2 NI patients. One tibial nonunion patient in each of the 3 groups underwent amputation for persistent nonunion after multiple failed revision attempts at a mean of 4.8 years after initial injury. There was no difference in postoperative pain scores, the rate of postoperative complications, or functional outcome scores identified between the 3 groups.

Conclusions:
The finding of failed fracture implants at the time of lower extremity long bone nonunion diagnosis does not portend worse clinical or functional outcome after surgical nonunion repair. Patients who present with failed fracture implants at the time of nonunion diagnosis can anticipate similar time to union, complication rates, and functional outcomes when compared with patients who present with intact implants or those with history of nonoperative management.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
What Are the Indications for Spinal Fusion Surgery in Scheuermann Kyphosis?
Authors: Polly David W. , Ledonio Charles G.T. , Diamond Beverly , Labelle Hubert , Sucato Daniel J. , Hresko M. Timothy , Emans John B. , Vitale Michael G. , Erickson Mark A. , Larson A. Noelle 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Surgical indications for Scheuermann kyphosis are variable. We sought to evaluate the characteristics of patients undergoing operative versus nonoperative treatment of Scheuermann kyphosis to better understand current practices and the factors which contribute to the decision for surgical management.

Methods:
Multicenter prospective cohort study. We evaluated consecutive patients presenting with Scheuermann kyphosis. Patients underwent either surgical or nonoperative management according to surgeon and patient discretion. Preoperative patient-reported outcome measures (Scoliosis Research Society and Spinal Appearance Questionnaire scores), demographics, and radiographic characteristics were assessed.

Results:
Overall, 150 patients with Scheuermann kyphosis were enrolled, with 77 choosing nonoperative treatment and 73 treated operatively. Compared with the nonoperative cohort, patients treated operatively were older (16.3±2.0 vs. 15.1±2.2, P=0.0004), and had higher body mass index (26.3±7.2 vs. 22.7±6.5, P=0.003), had greater T2-T12 kyphosis (71±14 degrees vs. 61±12 degrees, P<0.001), increased pelvic incidence (46 vs. 41 degrees, P=0.03) and pelvic tilt (10 vs. 3 degrees, P=0.03). There was no detected difference in maximal sagittal Cobb angle in the operative versus nonoperative patients (73±11 vs. 70±12 degrees, P=0.11). Functionally, the operative patients had worse Scoliosis Research Society pain scores (3.7±0.9 vs. 4.1±0.7, P=0.0027) and appearance scores (2.9±0.7 vs. 3.4±0.8, P <0.0001).

Conclusions:
Patients undergoing surgical management of Scheuermann disease were more likely to have large body mass index and worse pain scores. Other factors beyond radiographic measurement likely contribute to the decision for surgical management of Scheuermann kyphosis.

Level of Evidence:
Level II.
Clubfoot and Tethered Cord Syndrome: Results of Treatment With the Ponseti Method
Authors: Jackson Trevor , Jones Alexander , Miller Nancy , Georgopoulos Gaia 
Published: February 2017

Background:
The Ponseti technique has demonstrated high success rates worldwide for the treatment of idiopathic clubfoot. The purpose of this study was to determine whether clubfoot associated with tethered cord syndrome (TCS) was more resistant to Ponseti treatment than isolated clubfoot.

Methods:
An IRB-approved retrospective cohort study of subjects undergoing Ponseti treatment of clubfoot between 2002 and 2013 was conducted. Subjects with TCS were matched to subjects with isolated clubfoot (1:2) on the basis of laterality, date of birth, sex, and age at presentation. Subject demographics, number of casts placed (pretenotomy and posttenotomy), and recurrence data were collected. Generalized logistic regression and linear mixed model regression analyses were used to compare recurrence within 2 years of the initiation of casting and the log number of casts needed to achieve an acceptable correction, respectively.

Results:
Data from 24 subjects (16 isolated clubfeet, 8 with TCS) with clubfoot (12 bilateral, 12 unilateral) were analyzed. The isolated clubfoot group was the same age at presentation on average (21.9±4.7 d) as the TCS group (28.3±9.6 d) (P=0.55). The number of casts required to achieve an acceptable correction was 54% higher (95% CI, 7.8%-120.3%; P=0.0217) in the TCS group compared with the isolated clubfoot group. The cumulative crude incidence of deformity recurrence within the first 2 years after casting initiation was 8% in the isolated clubfoot group compared with 42% in the TCS group. The odds of deformity recurrence in the TCS group were 5.6 (95% CI, 0.7-45.2; P=0.1054) times the odds of deformity recurrence in the isolated clubfoot group. Furthermore, the incidence of deformity recurrence was higher among subjects who had a tethered cord release posttenotomy (56%, 5/9) as compared with pretenotomy (0%, 0/3).

Conclusion:
Clubfoot associated with TCS required more casts to achieve an acceptable correction. Subjects with tethered cord were also at an increased risk of deformity recurrence compared with subjects with isolated clubfoot.

Level of Evidence:
Level II—retrospective prognostic study.