bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Archaeometric study of possible Ninevite‐5 pottery from upper Tigris region using SEM‐EDS, PEDXRF, and OM
Authors: Bayazit Murat 
Published: October 2017

This study aims to reveal the production technology of some representative samples of possible Ninevite‐5 potsherds which are generally dated between the Early Jezirah I to EJ‐II/EJ‐III periods (roughly 3000–2500 bc) and accepted as the typical ceramics reflecting the northern Mesopotamian culture in the first half of the 3rd millennium BC. The samples were selected from the archeological excavation area of Kuriki (upper Tigris region, Turkey) and exposed to multiple analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive spectrometer, optical microscopy, and polarized energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry. The results showed that all the samples have high amounts of CaO (up to 29.83 wt.%) indicating use of calcareous clay deposits and they have an analogous chemical compositions in terms of both major oxides and trace elements which implied the use of the same raw materials. The vitrification degrees of the samples, examined by back scattered electron images, suggested that the firing temperature of the potsherds did not exceed the range of 800–900°C. It was also revealed that the firing atmosphere was oxidative which would be attributed to use of kiln firing rather than a bonfire or pit firing. Both the chemical and petrographic results suggested that the investigated samples presumably belong to a regional (upper Tigris) production rather than a local one.
A combinatorial approach to synthetic transcription factor‐promoter combinations for yeast strain engineering
Authors: Dossani Zain Y. , Reider Apel Amanda , Szmidt‐Middleton Heather , Hillson Nathan J. , Deutsch Samuel , Keasling Jay D. , Mukhopadhyay Aindrila 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDespite the need for inducible promoters in strain development efforts, the majority of engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae continues to rely on a few constitutively active or inducible promoters. Building on advances that use the modular nature of both transcription factors and promoter regions, we have built a library of hybrid promoters that are regulated by a synthetic transcription factor. The hybrid promoters consist of native S. cerevisiae promoters, in which the operator regions have been replaced with sequences that are recognized by the bacterial LexA DNA binding protein. Correspondingly, the synthetic transcription factor (TF) consists of the DNA binding domain of the LexA protein, fused with the human estrogen binding domain and the viral activator domain, VP16. The resulting system with a bacterial DNA binding domain avoids the transcription of native S. cerevisiae genes, and the hybrid promoters can be induced using estradiol, a compound with no detectable impact on S. cerevisiae physiology. Using combinations of one, two or three operator sequence repeats and a set of native S. cerevisiae promoters, we obtained a series of hybrid promoters that can be induced to different levels, using the same synthetic TF and a given estradiol. This set of promoters, in combination with our synthetic TF, has the potential to regulate numerous genes or pathways simultaneously, to multiple desired levels, in a single strain.
Why Europe Matters
Authors: McCormick John 
Published: October 2017

Critics like to depict the European Union as undemocratic and unpopular, but their arguments are too often based on myths and misunderstandings. This does us all a disservice, and in this period of uncertainty about the future of Europe it is more important than ever that we have a firm grasp of the issues at stake.
This powerful new book debunks the misconceptions surrounding the EU and makes a compelling and comprehensive case for the benefits of European integration. It shows how the EU has improved the lives of Europeans in countless ways, and how it has given Europe a powerful presence on the international stage. Guaranteed to illuminate as well as spark debate, this book will appeal to anyone who seeks to better understand what Europe means and why it matters.
Correction to: CYP79 P450 monooxygenases in gymnosperms: CYP79A118 is associated with the formation of taxiphyllin in Taxus baccata
Authors: Luck Katrin , Jia Qidong , Huber Meret , Handrick Vinzenz , Wong Gane Ka-Shu , Nelson David R. , Chen Feng , Gershenzon Jonathan , Köllner Tobias G. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Due to an unfortunate turn of events, the funding note for Open Access publication was not properly provided in the original publication. Hence, the original article has been corrected. The opening line of the Acknowledgement section should read:
IMPLEMENTING INDIVIDUAL SAVINGS DECISIONS FOR RETIREMENT WITH BOUNDS ON WEALTH
Authors: Donnelly Catherine , Guillen Montserrat , Nielsen Jens Perch , Pérez-Marín Ana Maria 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe present a savings plan for retirement that removes risk by fixing a constraint on a life-long pension so that it has an upper and a lower bound. This corresponds to the ideas of Nobel laureate R.C. Merton whose implementation has never been published. We show with an illustration that our proposed practical algorithm reproduces the theoretical results after a savings period of around 30 years by using daily, monthly, weekly or yearly updates of the investment positions. We calculate the percentiles of the final accumulated wealth distribution for the adjusted implementation. In the simulated illustration, we observe that the adjusted values converge to the theoretical values of the percentiles when the frequency of update increases. We conclude that monthly adjustments result in a practical way to implement theoretical results that were obtained under the hypothesis of a continuous process by Donnellyet al.(2015). This method is easy to use in practice by pension savers and fund managers.
The Promise and Perils of Direct Democracy for the European Union
Authors: MENDEZ Fernando , MENDEZ Mario 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDirect democracy exhibits both promise and peril for the EU. The referendum has been deployed by Member States in a way that has shaped and will continue to shape the EU’s geographical boundaries, its constitutional evolution, and salient EU policy matters. The referendum’s promise is to accord a high degree of legitimacy to a political decision, but that promise varies across different types of EU referendum. Their peril for the EU has become increasingly apparent as they have proliferated in number and type and with a growing failure rate. In contrast, the European Citizens’ Initiative is intended to harness the promise of direct democracy for the EU. But current practice raises the question of whether the failure to satisfy the ambitions placed on this novel instrument could, paradoxically, become a source of peril. Contrary to an increasingly pessimistic narrative, it is concluded that practice under the ECI exhibits promise and that the future of this instruments appears bright.
Feasibility and acceptability of a universal screening and referral protocol for gender-based violence with women seeking care in health clinics in Dadaab refugee camps in Kenya
Authors: Vu A. , Wirtz A. L. , Bundgaard S. , Nair A. , Luttah G. , Ngugi S. , Glass N. 
Published: October 2017

Background.Gender-based violence (GBV) is both a global public health problem and violation of human rights. Refugees and internally displaced persons experience an increased risk of GBV and health outcomes associated with GBV are often exacerbated in conflict settings.Methods.A mixed methods study to examine the feasibility and acceptability of universal screening for GBV in a refugee population in the Dadaab refugee camp of Kenya, using the ASIST-GBV from January to July 2015.Results.Of 9366 women offered screening at International Rescue Committee health clinics, about 89% (n = 8369) female refugees consented to participate. Only 15% of the potentially eligible population could participate in GBV screening because of the ongoing struggle to identify private space in the clinics. Over 85% of women reported being ‘willing’ or ‘very willing’ to participate in GBV screening; 96% felt they had a good or very good experience with the screening protocol. Qualitative findings stressed the importance of securing a room/space in the busy clinic is critical to universal screening with referral to safe and confidential services for survivors.Conclusions.The findings suggest that the evidence-based ASIST-GBV is both feasible to implement and acceptable to both providers and women seeking care. Universal GBV screening and referral is an effective way for health care and service providers in humanitarian settings to assist survivors of GBV.
Lock-exchange release density currents over three-dimensional regular roughness elements
Authors: Bhaganagar Kiran , Pillalamarri Narasimha Rao 
Published: October 2017

A fundamental study has been conducted to understand the front characteristics and the mixing in the flow of density currents over rough surfaces. A large-eddy simulation (LES) has been performed for lock-exchange release density currents over rough walls to shed light on the unsteady mixing processes. A volume-penalization method, which is a special case of the immersed-boundary method, has been implemented to realize the bottom-mounted rough topology. In this study, the LES has been conducted in a channel with a lower wall covered with three-dimensional cube- and pyramid-shaped roughness elements, such that all cases have the same base area, but differences in the roughness solidity and volume fraction of roughness. Both cases of identical roughness elements and those with randomness in height have been considered. The maximum roughness height for all cases is kept at a constant fraction (10 %) of the total channel height. The study focuses on the instantaneous mixing processes in lock-exchange release currents over rough surfaces. An important contribution of the work is that qualitative and quantitative analysis has been conducted to demonstrate additional mixing mechanisms due to the presence of surface roughness that enhances dilution of the current. Enhanced mixing due to roughness is related to the strength of the shear layer resulting from the roughness, and hence depends on friction Reynolds number ($Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$). The combined role of current characteristics and $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ together dictate the mixing processes and extent of dilution in density currents over surface roughness.
Vector form Intrinsic Finite Element Based Approach to Simulate Crack Propagation
Authors: Duan Y. F. , Wang S. M. , Wang R. Z. , Wang C. Y. , Ting E. C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a new approach to simulate the propagation of elastic and cohesive cracks under mode-I loading based on the vector form intrinsic finite element method. The proposed approach can handle crack propagation without requiring global stiffness matrices and extra weak stiffness elements. The structure is simulated by mass particles whose motions are governed by the Newton's second law. Elastic and cohesive crack propagation are simulated by proposed VFIFE-J-integral and VFIFE-FCM methods, respectively. The VFIFE-J-integral method is based on vector form intrinsic finite element (VFIFE) andJ-integral methods to calculate the stress intensity factors at the crack tips, and the VFIFE-FCM method combines VFIFE and fictitious crack models (FCM). When the stress state at the crack tip meets the fracture criterion, the mass particle at the crack tip is separated into two particles. The crack then extends in the plate until the plate splits into two parts. The proposed VFIFE-J-integral method was validated by elastic crack simulation of a notched plate, and the VFIFE-FCM method by cohesive crack propagation of a three point bending beam. As assembly of the global stiffness matrix is avoided and each mass particle motion is calculated independently, the proposed method is easy and efficient. Numerical comparisons demonstrate that the present results predicted by the VFIFE method are in agreement with previous analytical, numerical and experimental works.
Second Law Analysis for Two-Immiscible Fluids Inside an Inclined Channel in the Presence of a Uniform Magnetic Field and Different Types of Nanoparticles
Authors: Shahri M. F. , Sarhaddi F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMagnetohydrodynamic entropy generation of two immiscible fluids inside an inclined channel in the presence of different types of nanoparticles is examined. Channel consists of two regions, one Newtonian clear fluid and another Newtonian nanofluid with water as the base fluid and different nanoparticles including copper (Cu), copper oxide (CuO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2). Governing equations are solved with homotopy analysis method to highlight the effect of magnetic parameter, Grashof number, inclination angle and solid volume fraction on the total entropy generation for all types of nanoparticles. Results demonstrate that increasing of Grashof number, inclination angle and solid volume fraction amplifies the total entropy generation, while the enlargement of magnetic parameter reduces it especially for solid volume fractions greater than 15%. Among the several case studies performed, it is seen that water-TiO2 nanofluid is the best nanofluid from the viewpoint of entropy generation minimization. It is also found that the maximum total entropy generation is 1.268 and takes place for water-Cu nanofluid. Moreover, it is observed that the entropy generation component due to heat conduction of water-Cu nanofluid occupies 33.62% of the maximum total entropy generation and consequently that is the main cause of irreversibility in this study.
Numerical Assessment of Compressive Deformation in Metal-Ceramic Multilayer Micro-Pillars
Authors: Tang G. , Shen Y. L. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTA numerical study was undertaken to investigate the mechanical properties of metal-ceramic multilayer micro-pillars under compression. The model system contains alternating layers of aluminum (Al) and silicon carbide (SiC) above a thick silicon (Si) substrate. The finite element analyses show that the pillar deformed in a non-uniform manner under compression, especially when a tapered side wall was included in the model. The heterogeneous feature of the structure plays a significant role in influencing the apparent stress-strain response. The elastic property of the pillar compares favorably with the true composite modulus, but a large discrepancy was found in the plastic response. The difference in deformation behavior between homogeneous pillars and multilayer pillars, along with other geometric effects, were examined in detail.
Coding communications across time: Documenting changes in interaction patterns across adopter categories
Authors: CHU KAR-HAI , PITTS STEPHANIE R. , WIPFLI HEATHER , VALENTE THOMAS W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGLOBALink, a large online network of tobacco control professionals, was active in the promotion of the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control treaty, an international treaty aimed at reducing the global burden of tobacco-related death and disease. We examined and compared the roles that different countries served in the GLOBALink community during FCTC negotiation and ratification. Previous studies of FCTC ratification found the process adhered to a diffusion of innovation model (Valente et al., 2015). We followed that work by conducting content analyses of discussion messages posted by GLOBALink members representing different countries. Based on the time when they ratified the FCTC, each country was labeled by one of the four adoption stages of the diffusion model and we investigated the amount of shared word use between the different stages. A goodness-of-fit chi-squared test indicated that content was not shared in an expected manner between stages (χ2 = 11,856.45, N = 51,447, p < 0.001). A deeper look at the specific words shared between countries within and between adoption stages provided insight into how interactions between certain countries might have served to support the ratification process.
A MODULI INTERPRETATION FOR THE NON-SPLIT CARTAN MODULAR CURVE
Authors: REBOLLEDO MARUSIA , WUTHRICH CHRISTIAN 
Published: October 2017

AbstractModular curves likeX0(N) andX1(N) appear very frequently in arithmetic geometry. While their complex points are obtained as a quotient of the upper half plane by some subgroups of SL2(ℤ), they allow for a more arithmetic description as a solution to a moduli problem. We wish to give such a moduli description for two other modular curves, denoted here byXnsp(p) andXnsp+(p) associated to non-split Cartan subgroups and their normaliser in GL2(𝔽p). These modular curves appear for instance in Serre's problem of classifying all possible Galois structures ofp-torsion points on elliptic curves over number fields. We give then a moduli-theoretic interpretation and a new proof of a result of Chen (Proc. London Math. Soc.(3)77(1) (1998), 1–38;J. Algebra231(1) (2000), 414–448).
NONNOETHERIAN HOMOTOPY DIMER ALGEBRAS AND NONCOMMUTATIVE CREPANT RESOLUTIONS
Authors: BEIL CHARLIE 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNoetherian dimer algebras form a prominent class of examples of noncommutative crepant resolutions (NCCRs). However, dimer algebras that are noetherian are quite rare, and we consider the question: how close are nonnoetherian homotopy dimer algebras to being NCCRs? To address this question, we introduce a generalization of NCCRs to nonnoetherian tiled matrix rings. We show that if a noetherian dimer algebra is obtained from a nonnoetherian homotopy dimer algebraAby contracting each arrow whose head has indegree 1, thenAis a noncommutative desingularization of its nonnoetherian centre. Furthermore, if any two arrows whose tails have indegree 1 are coprime, thenAis a nonnoetherian NCCR.
Genotype and genetic variation of HCV infections with low-risk factors in Putian coastal regions, China
Authors: LI X. M. , QIU R. X. , SONG C. H. , HUANG Q. H. , WANG X. D. , HU Z. T. , HE X. Z. , YE X. Y. , HUANG X. G. , ZHENG F. F. , LIN G. X. 
Published: October 2017

SUMMARYHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the leading causes of death and morbidity associated with liver disease. Risk factors identified for the transmission of HCV include contaminated blood products, intravenous drug use, body piercing, an infected mother at birth, sexual activity, and dental therapy, among others. However, the exact diversity of the HCV genotype and genetic variation among patients with low-risk factors is still unknown. In this study, we briefly described and analysed the genotype distribution and genetic variation of HCV infections with low-risk factors using molecular biology techniques. The results suggested that genotype 1b was predominant, followed by genotypes 2a and 1a. Genetic variations in the 5′ UTR sequences of HCV were identified, including point mutations, deletions, and insertions. The frequency of genetic variations in 1b was higher than in 2a. This study provides considerable value for the prevention and treatment of liver disease caused by HCV among patients with low-risk factors and for the development of HCV diagnostic reagents and vaccines.
Efficacy of vortioxetine in working patients with generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: Christensen Michael Cronquist , Loft Henrik , Florea Ioana , McIntyre Roger S. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundVortioxetine is an approved antidepressant that has also demonstrated positive effects on anxiety symptoms in subjects with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This post-hoc analysis evaluates the efficacy of vortioxetine in GAD subjects who are working and/or pursuing an education.MethodsIn study NCT00744627, 301 GAD subjects were randomized to vortioxetine 5 mg or placebo for 8 weeks. Efficacy measures included the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM–A) total score, response/remission, global functioning (Sheehan Disability Scale [SDS]), and quality of life (Short Form–36 Health Survey). In study NCT00788034, 687 GAD subjects were treated open-label with vortioxetine 5 or 10 mg for 20 weeks, after which subjects in remission were randomized to fixed-dose of vortioxetine (5 or 10 mg) or placebo for at least 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was time to relapse. Analyses were completed in subjects working and/or pursuing an education at study entry and the full analysis set.ResultsIn study NCT00744627, the effect of vortioxetine versus placebo on HAM–A total score was –4.3 (p=0.0005) in working subjects (60% of total), while the effect in the total population was –3.8 (p=0.0001). The effect was greatest in subjects in professional (–4.5,p=0.0130) and associate professional positions (–7.6,p=0.0086). Greater effects in terms of response, remission, and the SDS and SF–36 were also observed. In NCT00788034, working subjects (69% of total) randomized to placebo were significantly more likely to relapse than subjects treated with vortioxetine (hazard ratio=2.9;p&lt;0.001), while the hazard ratio in the total population was 2.7 (p&lt;0.0001).ConclusionsThe beneficial effects of vortioxetine on anxiety symptoms, functioning, and quality of life are greater in adults with GAD who are working and/or pursuing an education versus the full GAD study population.
Relationship between dietary vitamin D and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in Portuguese adolescents
Authors: Cabral Maria , Araújo Joana , Lopes Carla , Barros Henrique , Guimarães João Tiago , Severo Milton , Ramos Elisabete 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the relationship between vitamin D intake and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in a sample of Portuguese adolescents.DesignCross-sectional evaluation carried out in the 2003/2004 school year. Vitamin D intake was assessed by an FFQ and 25(OH)D was measured in a fasting blood sample.SettingPublic and private schools in Porto, Portugal.SubjectsAdolescents aged 13 years (n 521) enrolled at school (EPITeen cohort).ResultsBoth mean (sd) intake and serum 25(OH)D level were far below the recommended, 4·47 (2·49) µg/d and 16·5 (5·7) ng/ml, respectively. A significant difference in serum level was found according to season, with lower values in winter than summer (14·8 (4·6) v. 17·3 (5·9) ng/ml, P<0·001). Vitamin D intake was weakly correlated with serum 25(OH)D (r=0·056, P=0·203).ConclusionsDietary vitamin D and serum 25(OH)D levels were positively but weakly correlated and the error was higher among those with higher serum 25(OH)D concentration. Our results support the need for strategies that promote increase of the most important food sources of vitamin D to reduce the high prevalence of low vitamin D status.