bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and temporal evolution of asymptomatic diffusion‐weighted imaging lesions in patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)
Authors: Shen Ying‐Chi , Chen Ya‐Fang , Cheng Yu‐Wen , Chen Chih‐Hao , Jeng Jiann‐Shing , Tang Sung‐Chun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe role of asymptomatic diffusion‐weighted imaging‐positive (aDWI+) lesions in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) patients remains unclear, and their radiographic features may differ from those of symptomatic diffusion‐weighted imaging‐positive (sDWI+) lesions. We aimed to investigate the clinicoradiographic characteristics of aDWI+ lesions in CADASIL patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the Taiwan CADASIL Registry. aDWI+ lesions were defined as incidentally detected DWI+ lesions without corresponding acute neurological deficits. We compared the baseline clinical characteristics of patients with and without aDWI+ lesions and analyzed their radiological features and evolution in relation to sDWI+ lesions.ResultsAmong 154 enrolled patients (mean age 62 ± 10 years), 17 (11%) had aDWI+ lesions. Baseline clinical characteristics were similar in the two groups, but those with aDWI+ lesions had more lacunes (median 8 vs. 2), multiple cerebral microbleeds (CMBs; 85% vs. 40%), and anterior temporal white matter hyperintensity (WMH; 47% vs. 14%). Multivariable analysis showed that aDWI+ lesions were associated with anterior temporal WMH (odds ratio 5.7, 95% confidence interval 1.5–21.0) after adjusting for multiple lacunes, multiple CMBs, and total WMH score. Compared to sDWI+ lesions, aDWI+ lesions were more often small infarcts (<1 cm; 89% vs. 23%) and less likely to involve the corticospinal tract (11% vs. 96%). Among the 11 aDWI+ lesions with follow‐up magnetic resonance imaging, seven became microinfarcts, three became lacunes, and one disappeared.ConclusionsaDWI+ lesions in CADASIL are not uncommon and are associated with higher burdens of small vessel disease and anterior temporal WMH. Further research is needed to assess their long‐term impact on CADASIL.
Longitudinal associations between parents' job characteristics, parenting, and adolescent academic outcomes
Authors: McCredie Kate , Hokke Stacey , Leach Liana S. , Cooklin Amanda R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study sought to understand the prospective relationship between parents' jobs, parenting, and adolescents' subsequent school performance.BackgroundRecent research shows that parents' poor job quality and work–family conflict (WFC) are adversely associated with young people's mental health and socioemotional well‐being, with much less known about impacts on adolescents' academic outcomes.MethodWe used data from a nationally representative Australian cohort study to test a longitudinal model linking parents' job characteristics, WFC, and parenting warmth and irritability in early high school, and adolescents' academic achievement in middle high school. Separate models were run for mothers (N = 2,676) and fathers (N = 2,615), and additional multigroup models examined differences between low‐income and middle‐ and high‐income parents.ResultsFindings suggest that parents' WFC increases parenting irritability, which in turn is adversely associated with academic outcomes, particularly for low‐income mothers. Findings also showed that low‐income fathers' WFC was directly associated with poorer academic outcomes.ConclusionParents' WFC in early high school may affect adolescents' achievement in middle high school, with some risks compounded for low‐income households.ImplicationsThis study is among the first to establish a relationship between parents' WFC and adolescents' academic performance and highlights the importance of parents' job resources in supporting adolescent academic outcomes.
Child emotional problems: Associations with maternal distress and parenting practices
Authors: Xiao Bowen , Wang Jingyao , Feng Yuemin , Wang Shumin , Li Yan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe primary aim of the present study was to explore the associations among COVID‐19 distress, maternal parenting practices (e.g., adaptive and maladaptive parenting), COVID‐19 exposure, and emotional problems of preschoolers (ages 3 to 6) in Chinese culture.BackgroundIn the current study, we focused on Shanghai kindergarteners who, due to the complete COVID‐19 citywide lockdown, experienced an interruption in learning and social interaction.MethodParticipants were 382 mothers of children (Mage = 5.49 years, SD = 0.62; 53.4% boys) from one kindergarten in Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Upon obtaining consent, mothers completed the measures (administered via an online survey website) of COVID‐19 exposure, COVID‐19 distress, and maternal parenting practices and child's emotional problems.ResultsOur main finding showed that the relation between COVID‐19 exposure and children's emotional problems is serially explained by COVID‐19 distress and maladaptive parenting.ConclusionThe COVID‐19 pandemic has induced and exacerbated a variety of stressors that impact mothers' parenting behavior, which in turn exacerbated child emotional problems.ImplicationsThis research adds to our understanding of the negative impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on Chinese families.
Effect of pressure, temperature, and particle size on cold sintered ZnO for transparent thick films on polymer substrates
Authors: Button C. A. , Mantheakis E. , Wang G. , Reaney I. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe role of pressure, temperature, and particle size on cold sintering of ZnO has been investigated with a view to developing transparent thick films for device applications. Coarse ZnO (∼90–250 nm, cZnO) particles exhibited equiaxed grain growth under all conditions eventually achieving grain sizes of ∼ 0.5–1.0 µm at 300°C/375 MPa. In contrast, nano‐ZnO (40–80 nm, nZnO), exhibited grain growth along the c‐axis with a broader grain size distribution (0.5–4 µm) at higher temperatures and pressure (300°C/375 MPa) than cZnO. The broader grain size distribution is attributed to greater dissolution for nZnO compared with cZnO coupled with redistribution of Zn acetate/acetic acid into pores. ZnO continues to dissolve and reprecipitate within the pores throughout the densification process resulting in localized, larger grain sizes. In plane grain growth normal to the pressing direction was observed at and near the sample surface particularly in nZnO, which is attributed to constrained‐sintering. Some abnormal grain growth (10–20 µm) was also sporadically observed near or at the surface of nZnO (300°C/375 MPa) due to greater rates of reprecipitation as the transient solvent volatilizes adjacent to the die wall/plunger. Tape casting was used to fabricate single and multiple layers (≈30 µm) of ZnO on Kapton® to demonstrate the potential for device fabrication. Transparency was achieved by choosing cold sintering conditions (200°C/250 MPa) for nZnO that gave ∼95% relative density while restricting a majority of grain growth to <200 nm so that internal light scattering from grain boundaries was avoided.
Tailoring the stoichiometry in NdNbO4 for advanced thermal barrier coating applications
Authors: Indupuri Satish , Kumar Rahul , Kumar K. Vijay , Kiran P. Sai , Kumari Priyanka , Kumar Keshri Anup 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRENbO4 ceramics have the potential to serve as a viable alternative to YSZ for advanced thermal barrier coatings. However, the fabrication of stoichiometric plasma spray RENbO4 coatings remains unexplored. Herein, we proposed a strategy to deposit a stoichiometric NdNbO4 coating using the atmospheric plasma spray technique. This was accomplished by the addition of excess Nb2O5 in feedstock powder to compensate for the evaporated Nb2O5 during the plasma spray process. The influence of powder composition and critical plasma spray parameters (CPSP) on the microstructure and phase formation of NdNbO4 coatings were characterized. Further, quantitative assessment of Nb2O5 evaporation with varying plasma parameters was also characterized using energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Moreover, the support vector machines (SVM) model was used to construct a relation between the initial powder composition, CPSP, and stoichiometry of the coating. This strategy can be used for the fabrication of stoichiometric RENbO4 coatings for next‐generation thermal barrier coatings.
LTF ameliorates cartilage endplate degeneration by suppressing calcification, senescence and matrix degradation through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Li Tao , Liu Yuchi , Cao Jian , Pan Chongzhi , Ding Rui , Zhao Jiangminghao , Liu Jiahao , He Dingwen , Jia Jingyu , Cheng Xigao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntervertebral disc degeneration (IDD)‐induced cervical and lumbar herniations are debilitating diseases. The function of intervertebral disc (IVD) mainly depends on the cartilage endplate (CEP), which provides support and waste removal. Therefore, IDD stems from the degeneration of CEP. Our study shows that the expression of lactotransferrin (LTF), an iron‐binding protein, is significantly decreased in degenerated human and rat CEP tissues. In addition, we found that LTF knockdown promoted calcification, senescence, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in human endplate chondrocytes. Furthermore, the in vivo experiment results confirmed that the JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibitor AG490 significantly reversed these effects. In addition to investigating the role and mechanism of LTF in CEP degeneration, this study provides a theoretical basis and experimental evidence to improve IDD treatment.
A multisite feasibility study of integrated cognitive‐behavioral treatment for co‐existing nocturia and chronic insomnia
Authors: Fung Constance H. , Huang Alison J. , Markland Alayne D. , Schembri Michael , Martin Jennifer L. , Bliwise Donald L. , Cheng Jing , Alessi Cathy A. , Johnson Theodore M. , Burgio Kathryn L. , Muirhead Lisa , Neymark Alison , Der‐Mcleod Erin , Sergent Taressa , Chang Ann , Bauer Scott R. , Spencer Colette , Guzman Andrew , Vaughan Camille P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundNocturia (waking from sleep at night to void) and chronic insomnia frequently co‐exist in older adults, contributing synergistically to sleep disturbance. Treatments typically target either nocturia or insomnia rather than simultaneously addressing shared mechanisms for these disorders.MethodsWe conducted a multisite feasibility study to: (1) test and refine a protocol for recruitment, randomization, and assessment of older adults with co‐existing nocturia and insomnia; and (2) examine preliminary changes in outcome measures to inform a future larger, multisite clinical trial. Participants were men and women aged 60 years and older recruited from outpatient clinics, reporting an average of two or more nocturia episodes per night over the past 4 weeks and meeting diagnostic criteria for chronic insomnia disorder. Participants were randomized to receive either integrated cognitive‐behavioral therapy for insomnia and nocturia or a health education control program involving five weekly visits with a trained nurse practitioner interventionist. Outcomes (e.g., nocturia episodes) were measured 1‐week post‐treatment and 4‐month post‐randomization. Descriptive statistics examined the feasibility of outcomes to guide preparations for a future efficacy trial.ResultsOf 245 adults screened, 55% were ineligible and 25% declined to participate. Sixty‐one percent of 49 participants who provided informed consent were randomized. Of the 30 participants randomized (mean age = 70.6 years, 60% White), 14 were assigned to integrated cognitive‐behavioral treatment and 16 to the control group. All randomized participants provided 4‐month follow‐up data. At 4 months, mean nightly nocturia episodes decreased by 0.9 (SD 1.0) in the integrated treatment group and by 0.2 (SD 1.2) in the control group compared with baseline.DiscussionFindings demonstrate the feasibility of recruiting, randomizing, and collecting outcome data from older adults (predominantly male) assigned to an integrated cognitive‐behavioral therapy for coexisting insomnia and nocturia or a health education control program.
Slowly expanding lesions are associated with disease activity and gray matter loss in relapse‐onset multiple sclerosis
Authors: Yokote Hiroaki , Miyazaki Yusei , Fujimori Juichi , Nishida Yoichiro , Toru Shuta , Niino Masaaki , Nakashima Ichiro , Miura Yoshiharu , Yokota Takanori 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeSlowly expanding lesions (SELs) have been proposed as novel MRI markers of chronic active lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the mechanism through which SELs affect brain volume loss in patients with MS remains unknown. Additionally, the prevalence and significance of SELs in Asian patients with MS remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between SELs and no evidence of disease activity (NEDA)‐3 status as well as brain volume loss in Japanese patients.MethodsA total of 99 patients with relapse‐onset MS were retrospectively evaluated. SELs were identified on brain MRI based on local deformation when consecutive scans were registered longitudinally. We developed a logistic regression model and generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) to evaluate the association between the number of SELs and disease activity and changes in brain volume.ResultsDuring the observation period (2.0 ± 0.22 years), 35 patients developed at least one SEL. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that ≥2 SELs were associated with 0.2 times the risk of achieving a NEDA‐3 status. GLMMs revealed that the number of SELs was negatively associated with volume changes in the cortex (p = .00169) and subcortical gray matter (p = .00964) after correction for multiple comparisons.ConclusionSELs were identified in Japanese patients with MS during the 2‐year observation period. The number of SELs is associated with disease activity and brain volume loss, suggesting that the number of SELs could be a biomarker of disease activity in MS.
Efficacy and Safety of Lemborexant for Insomnia Patients With Nocturia—A Prospective Study
Authors: Togo Yoshikazu , Kaizuka Yohei , Nagasawa Seiji , Kajio Keisuke , Kondoh Nobuyuki , Taguchi Keizo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesNocturia is considered a clinical problem when nocturnal urinary frequency is two or more times. For affected patients, development of depression, falling, and increased mortality rate are matters of concern. The present study investigated the efficacy and safety of lemborexant for insomnia patients with nocturia.MethodsInsomnia patients (Athens Insomnia Scale [AIS] ≥ 6) who typically awoke twice or more during the night to urinate and were examined at our institutions from June 2021 to December 2022 were enrolled. Each was administrated 5 mg of lemborexant, one tablet, daily for 4 weeks. Total AIS score, nocturia frequency, individual frequency‐volume chart findings, and N‐QOL score were examined before and after administration.ResultsOf the 37 patients recruited, 5 were excluded, thus 32 were enrolled and subjected to analyses. Following lemborexant therapy, the mean AIS total score was significantly decreased from 11.4 to 7.8 (p < 0.01) as was mean number of nocturia episodes from 3.4 to 2.3 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean single voided urine volume at night was significantly increased from 182.5 to 225.3 mL (p < 0.001)and mean period of undisturbed sleep was significantly extended from 105.3 to 174.8 min (p < 0.001), while mean total N‐QOL score was significantly improved from 49.6% to 64.8% (p < 0.001). As for adverse events, mild somnolence was observed in three cases.ConclusionsLemborexant may be effective and safe for use in insomniac patients with nocturia.
Resolving disputes in mediated “gig” work: How marketplace structure influences the impartiality of dispute handling by labor market intermediaries
Authors: Corporaal Greetje F. , Lehdonvirta Vili 
Published: October 2024

AbstractScholars of work disputes have mostly focused on alternative dispute resolution (ADR) by employer organizations. With the context of work changing, disputes in mediated “gig” work should also be subject to scholarly analysis. To examine factors influencing the impartiality of ADR by labor market intermediaries, we focus on intermediary dispute handlers and the relationships these private regulators have with dispute parties. Building on the ethnography of disputing literature, we uncover how, depending on the structure of their marketplaces, intermediaries may frame their third‐party role differently and influencing the impartiality of their ADR processes. The paper illustrates this point, drawing on fieldwork inside a labor platform and a temporary staffing agency. Existing explanations focus on the promise of impartiality of ADR by an external third‐party. Using interview, observational, and archival data, we analyze third‐party roles in mediated labor markets and posit that impartiality is primarily linked to marketplace structure.
Causality of visceral adipose tissue on chronic kidney disease and renal function measure indicators, and mediation role of hypertension: Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Gao Teng‐Yu , Wang Jun‐Chi , Zhao Qi‐Jian , Zhou Xiang‐Ning , Jiang Yu‐Ting , Ren Lian , Zhang Chao 
Published: October 2024

SummaryAlthough chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with obesity, few studies have used visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as an indicator to investigate its causal effect on CKD. Therefore, Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to study the causal effects of VAT on CKD and its potential mediation by hypertension. Genome‐wide association study (GWAS) statistics on VAT exposure were obtained from the UK Biobank, while GWAS datasets of CKD outcomes were obtained from CKDGen and FinnGen (validation study). Furthermore, VAT was considered the exposure, with the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine (eGFR (crea)), estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C (eGFR(cys)), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) employed to assess the causal effect of VAT on kidney test indicators. Lastly, a two‐step MR method was used to study the mediating role of hypertension in the pathogenesis of VAT among patients with CKD. VAT exhibited a positive causal association with CKD, irrespective of whether the GWAS datasets from CKDGen (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.29, P = 1.433140e−04) or FinnGen (1.47, 1.30 to 1.67, p = 2.500000e−09). VAT was not causally associated with eGFR (crea) (1.00, 0.99 to 1.00, p = 0.53), was negatively associated with eGFR (cys) (0.95, 0.93 to 0.97, P = 5.070000e−10), and was positively associated with BUN (1.02,1.01 to 1.02, P = 7.824860e−04). The mediating effect of VAT on CKD via hypertension was 45.8% (95% CI: 26.4 65.1). VAT has a positive causal effect on CKD, with hypertension playing a significant role. However, the effects of VAT on renal function indicators require further investigation.
Socioeconomic status self‐deception as a way to perpetuate classist societies
Authors: Melita Davide , Alcañiz‐Colomer Joaquín , Matamoros‐Lima Juan , Ríos Silvestre Ariza , Moya Miguel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSocioeconomic status self‐deception refers to the motivated tendency to perceive oneself as having a higher subjective status than would correspond to objective conditions. This can be a powerful mechanism to legitimize the social order. We proposed that when people perceive the surrounding social environment to be classist, people tend to self‐deceive themselves by overestimating their socioeconomic status. This mechanism, in turn, would lead to justify the system to a higher extent and show less support for redistribution, and reduce relative deprivation and status anxiety. These hypotheses were tested across four pre‐registered studies on different high‐quality samples, different operationalization of the variables in our model, and both cross‐sectional and longitudinal observations. On the one hand, the results do not provide evidence of a link between perceiving a classist climate and socioeconomic status self‐deception. On the other hand, socioeconomic status self‐deception was confirmed to predict higher system justification, and lower support for redistribution, status anxiety and relative deprivation. The construct and operationalization of socioeconomic status self‐deception proposed in this research could help reconcile opposing predictions by system justification theory and social dominance theory, and understand why individuals low on socioeconomic status would oppose policies which could benefit them.
Assessing motivational biases in brain and behavior: Event‐related potential and response time concomitants of the approach–avoidance task
Authors: Sege Christopher T. , Lopez James W. , Hellman Natalie M. , McTeague Lisa M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe approach–avoidance task (AAT) is designed to measure implicit motivated action biases instantiated by emotional stimuli and alterations in such biases that drive psychiatric disorder. While some research has measured AAT event‐related potential (ERP) correlates to establish bias sensitivity even at a neural level, a lack of work with unpleasant, pleasant, and neutral stimuli together and a common focus on psychiatric disorder‐matched (rather than generally emotional) content limits conclusions that can be drawn. Thus, current work extends the AAT literature by testing ERP modulations across normatively unpleasant, pleasant, and neutral conditions; and supporting the task's use as an individual difference assessment, it also provides data on AAT reliability and initially explores anxiety‐related effects when stimuli are not disorder‐matched. In 38 participants including 19 anxiety treatment‐seeking individuals, 32 sensor electroencephalography revealed robust N100, N200, and late positive potential (LPP) ERP components and bias‐consistent modulations for unpleasant images (reduced N200s on unpleasant push relative to pull trials; enhanced LPP for unpleasant compared to neutral trials). Meanwhile, modulations were less consistent with emotion‐driven bias for other conditions—that is, LPPs were enhanced but N200 was not modulated for pleasant images, and for neutral images, N200 was unexpectedly enhanced on push compared to pull trials. Following these analyses, reliability tests revealed excellent raw ERP reliabilities but lower reliabilities for modulation scores, and comparing treatment‐ to non‐treatment‐seeking groups showed no preliminary indication of ERP modulation changes when stimuli are not personally relevant. How these findings together inform understanding of AAT as a measure of bias is discussed.