bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction and attribution of quiescent tropical cyclone activity in the early summer of 2016: case study of lingering effects by preceding strong El Niño events
Authors: Takaya Yuhei , Kubo Yutaro , Maeda Shuhei , Hirahara Shoji 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe investigated mechanisms contributing to the quiescent tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the western North Pacific (WNP) during the early summer (May–July) of 2016 by conducting and analysing seasonal predictions and sensitivity experiments with an atmosphere–ocean coupled model. In the seasonal prediction experiment, the model successfully predicted the inactive TC condition. Sensitivity experiment simulations, in which the warmer‐than‐normal sea surface temperature (SST) in the Indian Ocean (IO) was restored to the climatology, represented a weakened lower‐tropospheric anticyclonic anomaly and near‐normal TC activity over the WNP. These results suggest that the quiescent TC activity is attributable to the warm IO SST anomalies induced by the preceding 2015/2016 El Niño. Verification and analysis of reforecasts indicated that the TC count in early summer is highly predictable due to IO warming, a lingering effect of preceding El Niño events.
Engineering Studies on Moisture Diffusivity of Solid Food Products during Processing – A Review
Authors: Subramanyam Rajasekar , Narayanan Meyyappan , Rao Dubasi Govardhana 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDrying is a simultaneous heat and mass transfer operation and is extensively applied in food processing to extend the shelf life of food products and agri‐produce by reducing the moisture content which in turn reduces the water activity. Moisture content is a major culprit in spoiling the foods by encouraging microbial/mold growth. Hence, the reducing moisture content economically mitigates the spoilage of foods. A number of commercial dryers is available industrially for carrying out drying operations depending on the nature of food material. However, from economic points of view, tray dryers are ubiquitous. Hence, this review focuses on explaining in‐detail the design of tray dryers with an aid of CFD, mathematical tools, and statistical analysis used in diffusivity of food products. The drying process is influenced by various operating parameters such as drying chamber configuration, air velocity, and air temperature, etc. which need to be optimized to properly design a dryer for a certain duty of operation. This paper reviews the studies in this area by applying mathematical tools, statistical analysis, and CFD.
Nickel/USY Catalyst Derived from a Layered Double Hydroxide/Zeolite Hybrid Structure with a High Hydrogenation Efficiency
Authors: Wang Bo , Wang Darui , Guan Yejun , Xu Hao , Zhang Lin , Wu Peng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIt is important and challenging in heterogeneous catalysis to prepare catalysts with highly dispersed metal nanoparticles that have a high activity. Herein, a new Ni/USY catalyst derived from a core–shell NiAl‐LDHs/USY hybrid material has been prepared by the in situ growth of a layered double hydroxides (LDHs) precursor on the surface of USY zeolite crystals. Under the appropriate conditions, the adscititious Ni source interacted chemoselectively with Al species dissolved from the zeolite framework to form a LDHs structure anchored robustly on the surface of zeolite crystals. The dealumination of the low‐silica zeolite and the immobilization of Ni metal species were realized simultaneously in this one‐pot synthesis to afford hierarchical NiAl‐LDHs/USY hybrid composites. The NiII species in these hybrid composites were reduced readily at much lower temperatures than that of bulk NiAl‐LDH, which gave rise to highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the resultant material possessed an excellent mesoporous structure and a high surface area inherited from the USY structure, which led to an excellent hydrogenation rate and activity for the conversion of m‐nitroaniline to m‐phenylenediamine. This unique method could be a promising and general strategy to fabricate desirable hybrid materials for redox catalysis in particular for supported transition metals with similar characteristics to Ni.
Freestanding Nanoengineered [001] Preferentially Oriented TiO2 Nanosheets−Graphene Planarly Aligned Nanohybrids with Enhanced Li‐Storage Properties
Authors: Li Qingwei , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Lei , Ren Xiaochuan , Zhang Jiabao , Liao Zhenhua , Peng Xiang , Gao Biao , Chu Paul K , Huo Kaifu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA freestanding film electrode comprising face‐to‐face alternately stacked 2D TiO2 nanosheets and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is designed and fabricated as a binder‐free anode for lithium‐ion batteries. The ultrathin TiO2 nanosheets, with (001) facets exposed were face‐to‐face hetero‐assembled onto the conductive rGO, allowing Li+ to swiftly diffuse into the TiO2 nanosheets across the (001) facets with the lowest barrier and a short transfer distance. The configuration of this planar‐aligned electrode leads to superior lithium performance, which delivers a large capacity of 132.3 mA h g−1 with a capacity retention of 89 % over 1000 cycles at a high rate of 20 C (1 C=168 mA g−1). This work proves that controlling the arrangement orientation of electrode materials with an anisotropy Li+ diffusion barrier could remarkably improve the electrochemical properties, for promising applications in high‐power energy‐storage devices.
Advances in Stereoselective 1,2‐cisGlycosylation using C‐2 Auxiliaries
Authors: Mensink Rens A. , Boltje Thomas J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe control of stereoselectivity in a glycosylation reaction remains one of the most challenging aspects of oligosaccharide synthesis. Especially the synthesis of 1,2‐cis‐glycosides is challenging and generally applicable methodology to prepare this linkage is needed to standardize oligosaccharide synthesis. This review highlights the recent development of an elegant strategy employing a C‐2 auxiliary to control the anomeric stereoselectivity in glycosylations. The various auxiliaries developed to date, their compatibility with protecting groups and monosaccharide types as well as mechanistic aspects are summarized. Furthermore, the application, advantages and limitations of C‐2 auxiliaries in oligosaccharide synthesis are discussed.
Altering the Coordination of Iron Porphyrins by Ionic Liquid Nanodomains in Mixed Solvent Systems
Authors: Atifi Abderrahman , Ryan Michael D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe solvent environment around iron porphyrin complexes was examined using mixed molecular/RTIL (room temperature ionic liquid) solutions. The formation of nanodomains in these solutions provides different solvation environments for substrates that could have significant impact on their chemical reactivity. Iron porphyrins (Fe(P)), whose properties are sensitive to solvent and ligation changes, were used to probe the molecular/RTIL environment. The addition of RTILs to molecular solvents shifted the redox potentials to more positive values. When there was no ligation change upon reduction, the shift in the E° values were correlated to the Gutmann acceptor number, as was observed for other porphyrins with similar charge changes. As %RTIL approached 100 %, there was insufficient THF to maintain coordination and the E° values were much more dependent upon the %RTIL. In the case of FeIII(P)(Cl), the shifts in the E° values were driven by the release of the chloride ion and its strong attraction to the ionic liquid environment. The spectroscopic properties and distribution of the FeII and FeI species into the RTIL nanodomains were monitored with visible spectroelectrochemistry, 19F NMR and EPR spectroscopy. This investigation shows that coordination and charge delocalization (metal versus ligand) in the metalloporphyrins redox products can be altered by the RTIL fraction in the solvent system, allowing an easy tuning of their chemical reactivity.
A Structurally Characterized CuIII Complex Supported by a Bis(anilido) Ligand and Its Oxidative Catalytic Activity
Authors: Kochem Amélie , Molloy Jennifer K. , Gellon Gisèle , Leconte Nicolas , Philouze Christian , Berthiol Florian , Jarjayes Olivier , Thomas Fabrice 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThree copper(II) complexes of the (R,R)‐N,N′‐bis(3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2‐aminobenzylidene)‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane ligand, namely [Cu(NL)], [Cu(NLH)]+ and [Cu(NLH2)]2+, were prepared and structurally characterized. In [Cu(NLH2)]2+ the copper ion lies in an octahedral geometry with the aniline groups coordinated in equatorial positions. In [Cu(NL)] the anilines are deprotonated (anilido moieties) and coordinated to an almost square‐planar metal ion. Complex [Cu(NL)] displays two oxidation waves at E1/2ox, 1=−0.14 V and E1/2ox, 2=0.36 V vs. Fc+/Fc in CH2Cl2. Complex [Cu(NLH2)]2+ displays an irreversible oxidation wave at high potential (1.21 V), but shows a readily accessible and reversible metal‐centered reduction at E1/2red=−0.67 V (CuII/CuI redox couple). Oxidation of [Cu(NL)] by AgSbF6 produces [Cu(NL)](SbF6), which was isolated as single crystals. X‐ray structure analysis discloses a contraction of the coordination sphere by 0.05 Å upon oxidation, supporting a metal‐centered process. Complex [Cu(NL)](SbF6) displays an intense NIR band at 1260 nm corresponding to an anilido‐to‐copper(III) charge transfer transition. This compound slowly evolves in CH2Cl2 solution towards [Cu(NLH)](SbF6), which is a copper(II) complex comprised of both anilido and aniline groups coordinated to the metal center. The copper(III) complex [Cu(NL)](SbF6) is an efficient catalyst for benzyl alcohol oxidation, with 236 TON in 24 h at 298 K, without additives other than oxygen and a base.
Confinement of Reactive Oxygen Species in an Artificial‐Enzyme‐Based Hollow Structure To Eliminate Adverse Effects of Photocatalysis on UV Filters
Authors: Ju Enguo , Dong Kai , Wang Zhenzhen , Zhang Yan , Cao Fangfang , Chen Zhaowei , Pu Fang , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSkin cancers caused by UV irradiation have been a major public health problem. One simple and effective way to avoid the above detrimental effects is the use of UV‐protective sunscreens. However, there has been considerable concern with the issue of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the photodegradation of commercial UV filters. Herein, for the first time, it is reported that the integration of ZnO nanoparticles and CeOx nanoparticles into hollow microspheres (ZnO/CeOx HMS) could provide broad‐spectrum UV protection and scavenge generated ROS under UV irradiation. Benefiting from the cooperative effect of the hollow structure and the antioxidative activity of CeOx, ROS generated under UV irradiation could be confined to a limited space and effectively conversion into nontoxic molecules is catalyzed as a consequence of increased collision frequency. Therefore, both primary, direct UV‐induced damage and secondary ROS toxicity could be greatly reduced.
HMBC‐ und NOESY‐NMR‐Spektroskopie
Authors: Findeisen Matthias , Siehl Hans Ullrich , Berger Stefan 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel diskutieren wir zunächst die NMR‐Pulssequenz HMBC (heteronuclear multiple bond correlation) und zeigen ihre Mächtigkeit bei der endgültigen Strukturabsicherung des Naturstoffs Cytisin, dessen 1H‐, 13C‐, COSY‐ und HSQC‐Spektren wir in den ersten beiden Artikeln dieser Serie vorgestellt haben. Danach wird die Physik des NOESY‐Experiments (nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy) erläutert und zur Klärung stereochemischer Zuordnung der Protonensignale verwendet. Ein Korrelationsdiagramm zwischen den NOE‐Integralen und den Kernspinabständen bestätigt die korrekte Analyse der vorgestellten Spektren.
Early segmental relaxation abnormalities in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy for differential diagnostic of patients with left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Voigt Christian , Münch Julia , Avanesov Maxim , Suling Anna , Witzel Katrin , Lund Gunnar , Patten Monica 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). However, clinical signs can be subtle and differentiation from other causes of LVH is challenging.HypothesisAs diastolic dysfunction (DD) is an early sign in HCM, we aimed to find regional changes in relaxation pattern for differentiation from other entities of LVH.MethodsIn 148 patients (81 HCM, 55 arterial hypertension (AHT), 12 Fabry disease) and 63 healthy controls, relaxation patterns were assessed using regional tissue Doppler imaging. In 42 HCM patients, myocardial mass and fibrosis were quantified by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and correlated with relaxation parameters.ResultsIn HCM the septal to lateral isovolumic relaxation time (s/l IVRT) ratio was higher (1.5 ± 0.4) compared with AHT (1.1 ± 0.2), Fabry disease (1.0 ± 0.1), and controls (1.1 ± 0.2; P < 0.001), showing 77% sensitivity and 79% specificity to discriminate HCM‐related LVH from other entities. The s/l IVRT ratio was independent of global DD in HCM (HCM with DD: 1.5 ± 0.5, n = 52; HCM without DD: 1.5 ± 0.3, n = 29) and remained significantly different from other entities in a subgroup of HCM patients with maximum wall thickness < 20 mm (s/l ratio: 1.5 ± 0.5, n = 28). Regional IVRT did not correlate with the corresponding segmental myocardial mass or amount of fibrosis in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.ConclusionsHCM patients show a prolonged septal IVRT irrespective of the extent of LVH and even before developing global DD. The s/l IVRT ratio is significantly higher in HCM compared with AHT or Fabry disease, thus establishing segmental IVRT analysis as a potential parameter for differential diagnosis in LVH.
Second tyrosine kinase inhibitor discontinuation attempt in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Legros Laurence , Nicolini Franck E. , Etienne Gabriel , Rousselot Philippe , Rea Delphine , Giraudier Stéphane , Guerci‐Bresler Agnès , Huguet Françoise , Gardembas Martine , Escoffre Martine , Ianotto Jean‐Christophe , Noël Marie‐Pierre , Varet Bruno R. , Pagliardini Thomas , Touitou Irit , Morisset Stéphane , Mahon Francois‐Xavier ,   on behalf of the French Intergroup for Chronic Myeloid Leukemias
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUNDSeveral studies have demonstrated that approximately one‐half of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who receive treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and achieve and maintain a deep molecular response (DMR) are able to successfully discontinue therapy. In patients who have a molecular relapse, a DMR is rapidly regained upon treatment re‐initiation.METHODSThe authors report the results from RE‐STIM, a French observational, multicenter study that evaluated treatment‐free remission (TFR) in 70 patients who re‐attempted TKI discontinuation after a first unsuccessful attempt. After the second TKI discontinuation attempt, the trigger for treatment re‐introduction was the loss of a major molecular response in all patients.RESULTSThe median follow‐up was 38.3 months (range, 4.7‐117 months), and 45 patients (64.3%) lost a major molecular response after a median time off therapy of 5.3 months (range, 2‐42 months). TFR rates at 12, 24, and 36 months were 48% (95% confidence interval [CI], 37.6%‐61.5%), 42% (95% CI, 31.5%‐55.4%), and 35% (95% CI, 24.4%‐49.4%), respectively. No progression toward advanced‐phase CML occurred, and no efficacy issue was observed upon TKI re‐introduction. In univariate analysis, the speed of molecular relapse after the first TKI discontinuation attempt was the only factor significantly associated with outcome. The TFR rate at 24 months was 72% (95% CI, 48.8%‐100%) in patients who remained in DMR within the first 3 months after the first TKI discontinuation and 36% (95% CI, 25.8%‐51.3%) for others.CONCLUSIONSThis study is the first to demonstrate that a second TKI discontinuation attempt is safe and that a first failed attempt at discontinuing TKI does not preclude a second successful attempt. Cancer 2017;123:4403‐10. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to radical cystectomy for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer with variant histology
Authors: Vetterlein Malte W. , Wankowicz Stephanie A. M. , Seisen Thomas , Lander Richard , Löppenberg Björn , Chun Felix K.‐H. , Menon Mani , Sun Maxine , Barletta Justine A. , Choueiri Toni K. , Bellmunt Joaquim , Trinh Quoc‐Dien , Preston Mark A. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUNDNeoadjuvant chemotherapy in pure urothelial bladder cancer provides a significant survival benefit. However, to the authors' knowledge, it is unknown whether this benefit persists in histological variants. The objective of the current study was to assess the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the probability of non‐organ‐confined disease and overall survival after radical cystectomy (RC) in patients with histological variants.METHODSQuerying the National Cancer Data Base, the authors identified 2018 patients with histological variants who were undergoing RC for bladder cancer between 2003 and 2012. Variants were categorized as micropapillary or sarcomatoid differentiation, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors, and other histology. Logistic regression models estimated the odds of non‐organ‐confined disease at the time of RC for each histological variant, stratified by the receipt of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cox regression models were used to examine the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on overall mortality in each variant subgroup.RESULTSPatients with neuroendocrine tumors (odds ratio [OR], 0.16; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.08‐0.32 [P<.001]), micropapillary differentiation (OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.10‐0.95 [P=.041]), sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma (OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.17‐0.94 [P=.035]), and adenocarcinoma (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.06‐0.91 [P=.035]) were less likely to harbor non‐organ‐confined disease at the time of RC when treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. An overall survival benefit for neoadjuvant chemotherapy was only found in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.33‐0.74 [P=.001]).CONCLUSIONSPatients with neuroendocrine tumors benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy, as evidenced by better overall survival and lower rates of non‐organ‐confined disease at the time of RC. For tumors with micropapillary differentiation, sarcomatoid differentiation, or adenocarcinoma, neoadjuvant chemotherapy decreased the frequency of non‐organ‐confined disease at the time of RC. However, this favorable effect did not translate into a statistically significant overall survival benefit for these patients, potentially due to the aggressive tumor biology. Cancer 2017;123:4346‐55. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Chronic hepatitis C virus infection and neurocognitive function in adult survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Studaway Adrienne , Ojha Rohit P. , Brinkman Tara M. , Zhang Nan , Baassiri Malek , Banerjee Pia , Ehrhardt Matthew J. , Srivastava Deokumar , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Krull Kevin R. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUNDCancer survivors transfused with blood products before reliable screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) are at risk for infection. This study examined the impact of HCV on neurocognitive function and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) among adult survivors of childhood cancer.METHODSNeurocognitive testing was conducted for 836 adult survivors of childhood cancer (mean age, 35 years [standard deviation, 7.4 years]; time since diagnosis, 29 years [standard deviation, 6.2 years]) who received blood products before universal HCV screening. No differences were observed between confirmed HCV‐seropositive survivors (n = 79) and HCV‐seronegative survivors (n = 757) in the primary diagnosis or neurotoxic therapies. Multivariate regression models were used to compare functional outcomes between seropositive and seronegative survivors.RESULTSCompared with seronegative survivors, seropositive survivors demonstrated lower performance on measures of attention (P < .001), processing speed (P = .008), long‐term verbal memory (P = .01), and executive function (P = .001). After adjustments for sex, age at diagnosis, and treatment exposures, seropositive survivors had a higher prevalence of impairment in processing speed (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1‐1.6) and executive functioning (PR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1‐1.6). Differences were not associated with the treatment of HCV or the presence of liver cirrhosis. Seropositive survivors reported worse general HRQOL (PR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2‐2.1), which was associated with the presence of liver cirrhosis (P = .001).CONCLUSIONSSurvivors of childhood cancer with a history of HCV infection are at risk for neurocognitive impairment and reduced HRQOL beyond the known risks associated with neurotoxic cancer therapies. Cancer 2017;123:4498‐505. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Design of a secure and effective medical cyber‐physical system for ubiquitous telemonitoring pregnancy
Authors: Li Guan‐Chen , Chen Chin‐Ling , Chen Hsing‐Chung , Lin Feng , Gu Cheng 
Published: July 2017

SummaryIn recent years, ubiquitous‐based telemedicine has become increasingly popular in many countries; this is a new discipline that can break distance barriers in order to improve access to various medical services. Due to recent progress in telecare services, scientists provided those pregnant women with advanced medical care via medical cyber‐physical systems (MCPS) to achieve eugenics. The MCPS presents a new level of integrated intelligence that is characterized by interaction and coordination of computing processes with physical processes. In an environment of MCPS, security is one of the key objectives for ubiquitous telemonitoring. In this paper, we take advantage of the cloud characteristics and the high efficiency of MCPS to achieve the desired medical monitoring and also to effectively protect pregnancy‐related privacy. We establish a cloud computing platform for all users to access the cloud information at any time in accordance with their own demands. We also used cryptography to design the medical system. Identity‐based combined encryption and signature cryptosystem were proposed as the best ways to ensure the security and privacy of healthcare data in the cloud.