bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Diabetes Mellitus Care: A SWOT Analysis
Authors: Kataria Priya , Madhu Srivenkata , Upadhyay Madhu K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has become one of the major public health problems in India. Chronic nature and the rising epidemic of diabetes have adverse consequences on India’s economy and health status. Recently, machine learning (ML) methods are becoming popular in the healthcare sector. Human medicine is a complex field, and it cannot be solely handled by algorithms, especially diabetes, which is a lifelong multisystem disorder. But ML methods have certain attributes which can make a physician’s job easier and can also be helpful in health system management. This article covers multiple dimensions of using artificial intelligence (AI) for diabetes care under the headings Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT), specifically for the Indian healthcare system with a few examples of the latest studies in India. We briefly discuss the scope of using AI for diabetes care in rural India, followed by recommendations. Identifying the potential and challenges with respect to AI use in diabetes care is a fundamental step to improve the management of disease with best possible use of technology.
Correlation of tumor budding with a novel and other established prognostic parameters in patients with invasive breast carcinoma
Authors: Borde Neha D. , Thesiya Yash M. , Mahajan Meera S. , Bhale Chandrashekhar P. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women. Established prognostic markers in breast carcinomas include tumor size, histologic grade, nodal status, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, hormone receptor status, HER-2 status, and age.

Aim:
To correlate peripheral tumor budding (pTB) with stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) and established prognostic factors in invasive breast carcinoma.

Settings and Design:
It is a retrospective study conducted at multiple centers including a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:
100 cases were included over a period of 2.5 years. All cases of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) in which excision specimens with lymph node dissection were available were studied. Slides were reviewed for pTB and sTILs. Tumor budding of ≤20/10 hpf was considered low tumor budding, and >20 buds/10 hpf was considered high tumor budding. Tumor budding was correlated with age, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, tumor stage (pT, pN), stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor grade, ductal carcinoma in situ, hormonal receptors, and HER2neu.

Statistical Analysis:
Fisher exact test and Chi-square test were used.

Results:
We found that high tumor budding was seen in 34 cases and low tumor budding in 66 cases. There was a statistically significant association between high tumor budding and tumor size (P = 0.007), lymphovascular invasion (P < 0.001), perineural invasion (P = 0.004), tumor staging/pT (P = 0.006), nodal staging/pN (P = 0.001), and low sTILs (P < 0.001). However, the association of high tumor budding with parameters like age (P = 0.979), histological type (P = 0.243), tumor grade (P = 0.052), DCIS (P = 0.478), and ER (P = 0.633), and PR (P = 0.544), HER2Neu status (P = 0.171) was not significant.

Conclusion:
This study suggests tumor budding score can be used as a prognostic indicator for breast cancer.
Effectiveness of Probiotic Yogurt and Homemade Curd on Salivary pH, Buffering Capacity, and Salivary Calcium Level in 12-year-old School Children in Nellore City: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kondepudi Vaishnavi , Kumar R. V. S. Krishna , Srinivasulu Gomasani , Prasanth Punamalli Symon 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Numerous noninvasive strategies are used to prevent dental caries. Remineralization can take place by the use of milk and milk products. Another approach to bacterially mediated diseases has been the use of probiotics. The classic food containing probiotic is yogurt (curd) and consumption of dairy products on daily basis seems to be most natural and effective way to ingest probiotic bacteria.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of probiotic homemade curd and yogurt on salivary pH, calcium level, and buffering capacity.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 52 students aged 12 years, who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected from two different schools and were divided into two groups. Test and control group consumed 200 mL of probiotic yogurt and curd for a period of 30 days. Baseline and 30 days of unstimulated salivary sample (2 ml) was collected and salivary pH, buffering capacity and salivary calcium level was assessed. The data were statistically analyzed.

Results:
The mean salivary pH and buffering capacity was found to be same in both groups and salivary calcium levels increased with the use of probiotic yogurt at the end of 30 days compared to control group.

Conclusion:
The consumption of probiotic yogurt for a short period of time can prevent dental caries by increasing salivary calcium levels.
The Impact of Mouth Masks on Oral Hygiene Status, Seeking Dental Care, Esthetics, and Temporomandibular Joint Disturbances Among the Adult Population in Nellore District: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Varshini Gayathri Priya , Govula Kiranmayi , Anumula Lavanya , Kumar Yendluri Pavan , Kowmudi M. , Chandrasekhar Soudagiri 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Despite preventing infection transmission, because of its prolonged use, the impact of masks on social life, behavior, and oral hygiene status and habits of everyday people are still unknown. The knowledge of the changes in patients’ esthetic complaints, perceptions, and habits with the use of masks is essential for clinicians.

Aim and Objectives:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the continuous use of face masks on oral hygiene habits; dental, smile and oral conditions, and self-perception; current reasons to seek dental care; and the importance attributed to teeth and smile esthetics among the adult population (students/employees) who wear masks 6 h per day for 6 months from August 30, 2021 to February 28, 2022.

Materials and Methods:
An electronic survey (Google Forms) was used to generate a web-based platform for the responses in the form of a questionnaire. A link to the structured questionnaire was posted on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and WhatsApp. The study considered all the individuals willing to participate, and the subjects were informed about the survey’s objectives.

Data Analysis Method:
The recorded data were analyzed using the SPSS software. Proportions were compared using the Chi-square test. P < 0.05 was selected to denote statistical significance with the confidence level, and the significance level was set at 95% and 5%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The study gave the current status of participants and their motivational levels toward seeking dental treatment, suggesting further studies in planning preventive strategies for the participants.
Reliability and Psychometric Validity of Perceptions on Utility of Outreach Dental Camp (PUODC-8) among Northwestern Population of India
Authors: Batra Manu , Gijwani Deeksha , Popli Hansika 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The community-based dental outreach programs play a very crucial role in declining the discovery–delivery disconnect by introducing awareness through health education and dental adumbrating services to the community members. Hence, the aim of the study was to assess the psychometric properties and validate English and Hindi versions of Perception on Utility of Outreach Dental Camp-8 (PUODC-8) among the general population.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional and quantitative study was conducted on outreach patients with the dual purpose of PUODC-8 validation and analysis of the perception of the utility of dental camps among the general population. The questionnaire and factor analysis development were carried out in two stages: stage one is questionnaire development, followed by psychometric evaluation. The second stage comprises three analyses: (i) exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for construct validity, (ii) item response theory analysis, and (iii) internal consistency (IC) reliability analysis.

Results:
For EFA that was accompanied by a Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin sampling adequacy measure of 0.69 and Bartlett’s sphericity test significance of <0.001 was obtained. The amount of information tapped by the items between −4 and +2 difficulties was determined to be 90%. Discrimination >1 and difficulty between −4 and 4 were accepted. Overall, Cronbach’s alpha was 0.73 and IC reliability was 0.87.

Conclusion:
A questionnaire should be ideal, easy, and simple, in a logical manner, and should be easy to understand. Based on our study findings, the PUODC-8 possessed acceptable psychometric properties with good construct validity and reliability results that would reflect the participants.
Prevalence of Fluorosis in Endemic Area of Sonebhadra, Uttar Pradesh: A Pilot Epidemiological Survey
Authors: Gupta Vinay Kumar , Mishra Gaurav , Pai Khot Atrey J. , Malhotra Seema , Kankane Nishita 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
A long-term excess of fluoride ingestion from drinking water, food substances, and industrial pollution may result in fluorosis, a public health hazard. This survey aims to investigate the prevalence of dental and skeletal fluorosis, as well as the role of dietary variables.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Sonebhadra district. The Dean’s Fluorosis Index and physical exercises demonstrated by the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund for diagnosing dental and skeletal fluorosis, respectively. The dietary habits of the participants were ascertained using a prevalidated questionnaire.

Results:
The participants’ socioeconomic status varied widely with heterogeneity. The frequent abnormalities found were genu varum (21.5%), genu valgum (6.8%), dental fluorosis (52.3%), and skeletal fluorosis (25.8%). Consequently, eight cases reported of multiple deformities.

Conclusion:
The findings showed the increased prevalence of moderate-to-severe fluorosis in fluoride endemic areas of Sonebhadra district. Dental fluorosis was more common in those aged 18–64 years, particularly in males, but skeletal fluorosis increased with age.
Assessment of Knowledge, Practice, and Attitude about Silver Diamine Fluoride among Postgraduate Students in Pediatric Dentistry in Karnataka
Authors: Madhusudhan Kempaiah Siddaiah , Vojjala Bhargavi R. , Subramaniam Priya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Dental caries occurs as a result of phasic demineralization and remineralization of dental hard tissues. In recent years, minimal invasive dentistry (MID) has replaced conventional treatment procedures. As part of MID, silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is being used to manage dental caries. However, little research has explored how informed dental postgraduates are about SDF.

Aim:
To determine the knowledge, practice, and attitude of dental postgraduate students regarding SDF.

Materials and Methods:
A questionnaire containing a total of 25 questions was drafted and distributed through Google Forms to postgraduates studying in the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry within the state of Karnataka. The Chi-square (χ2) test was used to statistically analyze the obtained data.

Results:
A total of 165 responses were obtained. Among the participants, 94.5% reported that they were aware of SDF. However, majority of the respondents were not able to correctly answer the questions assessing knowledge. Knowledge was higher among 3rd year followed by 2nd and 1st years (P ≤ 0.001). Only 59.4% of the respondents stated that they use SDF in their patients. However, nearly all respondents stated that this survey encouraged them to improve their understanding of SDF.

Conclusion:
Awareness about SDF among postgraduates treating pediatric patients is quite high. Knowledge with regard to few aspects of SDF use is lacking. The attitude among the participants was positive.
Association between Major Depressive Disorder and Oral Health – A Systematic Review
Authors: Saxsena Anushka , Menon Ipseeta , Kumar Gunjan , Jha Kunal , Singh Arpita 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A systematic review of literature, in order to investigate an association between Major depressive disorder (MDD) and Oral health was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42023470383). The search and screening according to previously established protocol were conducted by two authors. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and DOAJ were searched from January 2000 until October 2022 for studies reporting data on oral health status and MDD. Quality assessment of included studies was evaluated using NIH tool developed by NHLBI for retrospective and prospective studies and Cochrane risk of bias 2 (RoB 2) tool for interventional studies through its domains. The RoB summary graph and RoB summary applicability concern were plotted using RevMan software version 5.3. All the studies tried to understand the association and impact of major depressive impact on oral health and hygiene. The collective result demonstrates a mixed relationship of depression and oral health. Recognizing the oral health status of individuals with depressive symptoms can serve as valuable information for both dental and mental health professionals. This awareness enables the development of customized treatment plans to assist patients in achieving comprehensive wellness. There is an opportunity for further research of similar nature in developing countries such as India, Indonesia, and China, which have substantial population sizes.
Socioeconomic and demographic profile of breast cancer patients: A single-institution experience
Authors: Meedimale Santhosh , Goswami Gaurang , Kaur Harleen , Ranjan Aditya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among females all over the world, with high prevalence rate in developed and developing countries alike. Since the last decade, breast cancer made a huge jump and became the most common cancer among women in India, in cities, as well as in rural areas, thereby posing a grave public health threat that demands increasing attention.

OBJECTIVES:
To study socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients with breast cancer attending a tertiary cancer care center in North India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a retrospective study made up of 213 patients registered in a cancer care center of Delhi over a period of 1 year. Study subjects were histopathologically confirmed cases of breast cancer. The data were collected by employing pretested, structured questionnaire including information such as age, income, religion, occupation, education, and residence after taking prior consent from patients and concerned authorities from the institution.

RESULTS:
More than half of the patients were in the 41–60-year-old category. One hundred and seventy-nine patients out of the total 213 hailed from Delhi and Uttar Pradesh, implying that the institute mostly caters to the patients hailing from Northern Indian states. Laborers and people from lower socioeconomic class made the greater part of the patient sample size, and cases of distant metastasis were also found mostly in the people from lower socioeconomic class.

CONCLUSION:
Factors such as low levels of literacy, financial constraints, rural residence, and lack of awareness were associated with higher incidence and late presentation of breast cancer.
Cryptococcal pleural effusion in HIV-negative chronic kidney disease patients: Unraveling an atypical presentation
Authors: Panda Chittaranjan , Raghu R. V. , Kumar Suresh , Singh Harpreet , Anand Nidhi , SinghaRoy Aindrila 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Pleural effusion is a common clinical manifestation in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), often attributed to volume overload, pleural inflammation, or infectious etiologies. Cryptococcus neoformans being an opportunistic infection can be a causative agent in immunocompromised patients like patients of CKD and HIV. Here, we present a case of pleural effusion in a CKD patient secondary to cryptococcal infection which is rare in itself. Other causes of pleural effusion have been ruled out and the diagnosis was confirmed via cryptococcal antigen testing in pleural fluid. This case highlights the importance of considering fungal etiologies in CKD patients presenting with recurrent and nonresolving pleural effusion, necessitating vigilant diagnostic approaches and targeted management strategies.
Effect of diabetes on various outcomes in intensive care settings: A case–control study
Authors: Jaiswal Amit , Khatri Ankita , Bitey Shobhana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
There are conflicting data in the literature about the influence of diabetes on clinical outcomes and death in critically ill patients. Thus, we assessed the effect of diabetes on mortality rate and other outcomes in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This prospective case–control was conducted in the ICU of a tertiary care institute. Adult critically ill diabetics (cases, n = 46) and nondiabetic patients (controls, n = 85) were included in this study. Both the groups were compared regarding mortality rate, length of ICU stay, as well as the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) and inotropic/vasopressor supports.

RESULTS:
The groups did not differ significantly regarding age (P = 0.087), sex (P = 0.568), and vital parameters (P > 0.05). The groups were comparable regarding Glasgow Coma Scale (P = 0.882), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score (P = 0.774), and laboratory parameters (P > 0.05), except significantly greater proportion of diabetic patients had plasma glucose >200 mg/dL (P < 0.0001) and serum HCO3 <18 mEq/L (P = 0.038) relative to nondiabetic patients. The groups did not differ significantly in need of MV (P = 0.413), or vasopressor support (P = 0.590), development of AKI (P = 0.424), and length of ICU stay of 0–3 days (P = 0.300). Around a quarter of diabetic (26.09%) and nondiabetic patients (23.53%) were nonsurvivors (P = 0.745). Assessment of mortality according to the age groups, indication of admission, plasma glucose levels, and APACHE II score suggested no significant difference between the groups (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
In critically ill patients, the presence of diabetes does not affect outcomes, including the need for MV or vasopressor support, development of AKI, length of ICU stay, and mortality.
Dual hemoglobinopathy presenting as lymphadenopathy: A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Bansal Prakhar , Shailesh Rishabh , Vishwakarma Abhishek , Singh Harpreet , Anand Nidhi , Kumar Suresh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Hemoglobinopathies, including sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia, are genetic disorders that can manifest with diverse clinical presentations. Recognizing variations in hematological profiles is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management, particularly in regions where certain hemoglobinopathies are not so prevalent such as in regions of North India. Such hematological profiles can present simply as nonspecific lymphadenopathy. Here, we present a case of a 16-year-old boy with a complex presentation involving widespread lymphadenopathy, initially misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, ultimately revealing a dual hemoglobinopathy thus implying the need for family screening and consideration of late-onset hemoglobinopathies in cases with atypical presentations.
The Impacts of Frontliners’ Physical Attractiveness on Customer Participation in Resort Hotels: A Conceptual Paper Contribute to SDGs
Authors: Mengqi Shi , Ariffin Ahmad Azmi Mohd , Soon Jason Lam Mun 
Published: October 2024

Objective: This conceptual paper proposes a model to identify how resort hotel consumers’ participation intention and appreciation relate to their impressions of service frontliners. By deeper understand consumers participation to promote decent work and economic growth, and sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Theoretical Framework: The main concepts and theories underpinning the research are presented, with the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) theory serving as the foundation. This paper provides a research framework that investigates the direct relationship between hotel frontliners' physical attractiveness (Stimulus) and consumer participation intention (Response), with consumer appreciation (Organism) acting as a mediator. Physical attractiveness in this study is represented by three dimensions: dressing, health, and facial attractiveness.

Method: The conceptual model was developed based on existing theories, through a review of literature from psychology, sociology, and service marketing.

Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed. This conceptual paper offers a tool for researchers to explore consumer behaviours in relation to service frontliners’ physical attributes. The knowledge exploration will contribute to SDG8, decent work and economic growth.

Originality/Value: This study addressed the underlying process between physical attractiveness and consumer participation intention and identified consumer appreciation as a mediator between frontliner attractiveness and consumer participation.
AS TIC COMO FERRAMENTAS DE ENSINO DA HISTÓRIA E SUA CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO NO COTIDIANO DOS ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Almeida da Silva Maria Aparecida , Santos de Oliveira Alexandre 
Published: October 2024

O ensino de história, especialmente entre adolescentes, pode ser uma atividade desafiadora, considerando-se a necessidade de fazer com que esses alunos compreendam que por mais distante que um fato esteja no passado, de alguma forma ele contribuiu para a construção do presente e incide sobre a vida das sociedades de forma ampla. O professor de história encontra um desafio duplo, além da necessidade de compreender as especificidades dos adolescentes e encontrar formas de tornar as aulas atrativas, precisa fazer com que compreendam que passado, presente e futuro estão conectados. Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar as TIC como fermenta de ensino da história e seu papel no sentido de facilitar a contextualização desses fatos no cotidiano dos adolescentes. Procedeu-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura nacional e internacional. Quando pensamos sobre o papel dos meios digitais no ensino e aprendizagem da História Mundial, é apropriado começar com algum contexto histórico. Os desafios inerentes ao ensino de um curso amplo de levantamento histórico têm sido bem reconhecidos e debatidos há pelo menos mais de um século. A chegada dos meios digitais ao ensino e à aprendizagem da História Mundial não é algo negativo. Pelo contrário, os meios digitais cuidadosamente construídos podem dar aos nossos alunos acesso a experiências multimídia imediatas que o ensino convencional não pode proporcionar, encontros com imagens estáticas e em movimento, música, dados e texto mais ou menos simultaneamente.