bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FROM ‘GEDICHT’ TO ‘GENICHT’: PAUL CELAN AND LANGUAGE SCEPTICISM
Authors: Weller Shane 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThis article explores Paul Celan's critical engagement with late nineteenth‐ and early twentieth‐century language‐sceptical discourses and literary traditions. Through a close analysis of the various kinds of linguistic negativism deployed in his poetry between the 1940s and the late 1960s, the article seeks to demonstrate that Celan may be seen as a late modernist closely akin to Samuel Beckett in his attempt to achieve a paradoxical ‘Literatur des Unworts’.Dieser Beitrag untersucht Paul Celans kreative Auseinandersetzung mit sprachskeptischen Diskursen und literarischen Traditionen des ausgehenden 19. und des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts. Aufbauend auf einer detaillierten Analyse der verschiedenen Formen des sprachlichen Negativismus, die Celans Werk zwischen 1940 und den späten sechziger Jahren dominieren, wird demonstriert, dass Celan als ein später Modernist in der Tradition Samuel Becketts betrachtet werden kann, da er wie dieser nach der paradoxen Verwirklichung einer ‘Literatur des Unworts’ strebt.
Association between depression and periodontitis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Araújo Milena Moreira , Martins Carolina Castro , Costa Lidiane Cristina Machado , Cota Luís Otávio Miranda , Faria Rodrigo Lamounier Araújo Melo , Cunha Fabiano Araújo , Costa Fernando Oliveira 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to assess the scientific evidence on the association between depression and periodontitis.MethodsAn electronic search was conducted in three databases until October 2015 (PROSPERO‐CRD42014006451). Hand searches and grey literature were also included. Search retrieved 423 potentially studies. Two independent reviewers selected the studies, extracted data and assessed risk bias through a modified version of Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Meta‐analysis was performed for the presence/absence of periodontitis (dichotomic). Summary effect measures and odds ratio (OR) 95% CI were calculated.ResultsAfter selecting the studies, 15 were included in the systematic review (eight cross‐sectional, six case–control and one cohort study). Six studies reported that depression was associated with periodontitis, whereas nine studies did not. The majority of studies had low risk of bias by methodological quality assessment. Meta‐analysis of seven cross‐sectional studies showed no significant association between depression and periodontitis (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.75–1.41).ConclusionFindings from the present systematic review showed a great heterogeneity among the studies and the summary effect measure of the meta‐analysis cannot affirm an association between depression and periodontitis. Future studies with different designs in distinct populations should be conducted to investigate this association.
Burnout among anaesthetists in Chinese hospitals: a multicentre, cross‐sectional survey in 6 provinces
Authors: Rui Min , Ting Chen , Pengqian Fang , Xinqiao Fu 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectivesAnesthesiology has reached a new stage which anaesthesia safety is significantly affected by human factors. The number of Chinese anaesthetists has increased to nearly twice as many as that in 2005. Attributed to traditional concepts, many problems in anesthesiology persist in Chinese hospitals. This study aims to determine the current status of anaesthesia job burnout, including problems related to burnout, as well as the conditions of anaesthesia human resources in Chinese hospitals.MethodsA multi‐center, cross‐sectional survey of 395 anaesthetists from 60 hospitals in 6 provinces was conducted to collect data on the work conditions of anesthesiologists by using questionnaires. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used to measure burnout. Different statistical models were also used to evaluate the data.ResultsThe number of Chinese anaesthetists has increased to nearly twice as many as that in 2005. According to our field survey of burnout among anaesthetists, only 17 (4.30%) respondents exhibited high levels of burnout. The average scores corresponding to the dimensions of burnout are 14.64 ± 11.40 (emotional exhaustion, EE), 4.22 ± 5.74 (depersonalization, DP), and 33.41 ± 10.05 (personal accomplishment, PA), as determined by MBI. These results indicate the differences in the spatial distribution of anaesthetists. Moreover, 15.3% of the anaesthetists showed high EE, 8.1% exhibited high DP, and 33.6% had low PA.ConclusionAnxiety and undesirable conditions experienced by professional groups in anaesthesiology need to be addressed. Educational level, an important factor in anaesthesia care, influences not only psychological health of practitioners but patient safety as well. Thus, personnel structure must be optimized to relieve tension in the practice of the profession and reduce burnout among anaesthetists in hospitals in China. Meanwhile, the management must increase its effort toward improving the mental health of practitioners and patient safety in anaesthesia care.
Characterization of hepatitis B virus surface antigen variability and impact on HBs antigen clearance under nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy
Authors: Velay A. , Jeulin H. , Eschlimann M. , Malvé B. , Goehringer F. , Bensenane M. , Frippiat J‐P. , Abraham P. , Ismail A. M. , Murray J. M. , Combet C. , Zoulim F. , Bronowicki J‐P. , Schvoerer E. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryFor hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related chronic infection under treatment by nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs), HBsAg clearance is the ultimate therapeutic goal but very infrequent. We investigated how HBV envelope protein variability could lead to differential HBsAg clearance on NUCs. For 12 HBV genotype D patients receiving NUCs, six resolvers (HBsAg clearance) were compared to six matched nonresolvers (HBsAg persistence). PreS/S amino acid (aa) sequences were analysed with bioinformatics to predict HBV envelope antigenicity and aa covariance. To enrich our analyses on very rare resolvers, these were compared with other HBV genotype D strains in three characterized clinical cohorts including common chronically infected patients. The sT125M+sP127T combination was observed in four nonresolvers of six, corroborated by aa covariance analysis, associated with a lower predicted antigenicity than sT125T+sP127P. Concordant features within this HBV key functional domain, at positions 125 and 127, were reported from two of the three comparative cohorts. In our hands, a lower ELISA reactivity of HBV‐vaccinated mice sera was observed against the sT125M mutant. In the S gene, 56 aa changes in minor variants were detected in non‐resolvers, mainly in the major hydrophilic region, vs 28 aa changes in resolvers. Molecular features in patients showing HBsAg persistence on NUCs argue in favour of a different aa pattern in the HBV S gene compared to those showing HBsAg clearance. In nonresolvers, a decrease in HBs ‘a’ determinant antigenicity and more frequent mutations in the S gene suggest a role for the HBV envelope characteristics in HBsAg persistence.
Temporal genetic stability of Stegomyia aegypti (= Aedes aegypti) populations
Authors: GLORIA‐SORIA A. , KELLNER D. A. , BROWN J. E. , GONZALEZ‐ACOSTA C. , KAMGANG B. , LUTWAMA J. , POWELL J. R. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe mosquito Stegomyia aegypti (= Aedes aegypti) (Diptera: Culicidae) is the primary vector of viruses that cause yellow fever, dengue and Chikungunya fever. In the absence of effective vaccines, the reduction of these diseases relies on vector control strategies. The success of these strategies is tightly linked to the population dynamics of target populations. In the present study, 14 collections from St. aegypti populations separated by periods of 1–13 years were analysed to determine their temporal genetic stability. Although temporal structure is discernible in most populations, the degree of temporal differentiation is dependent on the population and does not obscure the geographic structure of the various populations. The results suggest that performing detailed studies in the years prior to and after population reduction‐ or modification‐based control interventions at each target field site may be useful in assessing the probability of success.
Emergence of Culicoides obsoletus group species from farm‐associated habitats in Germany
Authors: STEINKE S. , LÜHKEN R. , BALCZUN C. , KIEL E. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBiting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) may transmit several arboviruses to ruminant livestock. The species of the Obsoletus group are considered to be among the most important vectors of bluetongue virus (BTV) in northern Europe. As agricultural environments offer suitable habitats for the development of their immature stages, the emergence of adult Culicoides from potential breeding sites was investigated at 20 cattle farms throughout Germany in 2012 and 2013. In analyses of species‐specific habitat preferences and relationships between Culicoides abundance in breeding substrates and their physicochemical characteristics, dungheaps emerged as the most important substrate for the development of Culicoides obsoletus sensu stricto (s.s.) (Meigen), whereas Culicoides chiopterus (Meigen) and Culicoides dewulfi Goetghebuer were generally restricted to cowpats. A decreasing pH value was associated with a higher abundance or a higher probability of observing these three species. Furthermore, the abundance of C. obsoletus s.s. was positively related to increasing moisture. Dungheaps were very productive breeding sites for this species and are therefore suggested as a target for potential control measures.
Supragastric belch may be related to globus symptom – a prospective clinical study
Authors: Nevalainen P. , Walamies M. , Kruuna O. , Arkkila P. , Aaltonen L.‐M. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe etiology of globus is poorly understood. It is controversial, whether gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has a role in globus. To investigate the possible esophageal background of this symptom, we performed transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE), high‐resolution manometry (HRM), and 24‐h multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) and pH monitoring on globus patients.MethodsThirty consecutive patients were referred to Helsinki University Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery for treatment of globus; 24 consecutive patients with difficult reflux symptoms from the Department of Surgery served as controls. We compared the results of the patient groups in endoscopies, HRM, and 24‐h MII‐pH monitoring.Key ResultsIn MII monitoring, globus patients had supragastric belch (6/20, 30% vs 1/24, 4%; p = 0.038) more often than controls. Total reflux time was higher in controls (p = 0.004), and they had more acid reflux events (p = 0.002) in MII, but between groups, the number of non‐acid reflux events was similar. In pH monitoring, DeMeester score and total pH <4 time were higher in controls (P < 0.001). In HRM, the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) mean basal and residual pressures did not differ.Conclusions & InferencesSupragastric belch was more common in globus patients, suggesting the possible role of this condition in globus sensation. However, globus patients in this series had no acid or non‐acid GERD or elevated UES pressure.
Phylogeographic analysis of the brown alga Cutleria multifida (Tilopteridales, Phaeophyceae) suggests a complicated introduction history
Authors: Kawai Hiroshi , Kogishi Keita , Hanyuda Takeaki , Arai Shogo , Gurgel C. Frederico , Nelson Wendy , Meinesz Alexandre , Tsiamis Kostas , Peters Akira F. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryIn depth genetic comparisons of populations of Cutleria multifida (Tilopteridales, Phaeophyceae) collected from Europe, the northwestern Pacific Ocean, Australia and New Zealand using the DNA sequences of four gene regions (the mitochondrial cox2 and cox3 genes, the intergeneric spacer region adjacent to cox3, and the open reading frame) suggested that the northwestern European and Japanese populations were considerably greater in terms of their genetic divergence than Mediterranean, Australian or New Zealand populations. The haplotypes of the populations in northwestern European (distribution range including the type locality, seven haplotypes) and Japanese populations (seven haplotypes) were unique except for one shared haplotype. There were weak but positive correlations between the geographical distance and the genetic divergence among northwestern European and Japanese populations. Moreover, both female and male gametophytes occurred in eight of the nine Japanese localities, suggesting Japanese populations showed normal sexual heteromorphic life history of the species. In light of these results, it appears that Japanese populations were native to the area despite earlier hypothesis. In contrast, Australian and New Zealand populations were composed of only one haplotype that is very close to those found in northwestern Europe and Japan, suggesting a recent introduction history from Europe (or from northeastern Asia via Europe) by ship transport to Australia and New Zealand. The Mediterranean populations included two haplotypes identical to those found in northwestern Europe and Japan, and it is suggestive of transoceanic introductions of some populations between Mediterranean and Japanese coasts.
Utstein‐style guidelines on uniform reporting of in‐hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation in dogs and cats. A RECOVER statement
Authors: Boller Manuel , Fletcher Dan J. , Brainard Benjamin M. , Haskins Steve , Hopper Kate , Nadkarni Vinay M. , Morley Peter T. , McMichael Maureen , Nishimura Ryohei , Robben Joris H. , Rozanski Elizabeth , Rudloff Elke , Rush John , Shih Andre , Smarick Sean , Tello Luis H. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo provide recommendations for reviewing and reporting clinical in‐hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) events in dogs and cats and to establish nonambiguous operational definitions for CPR terminology.DesignConsensus guidelines.SettingInternational, academia, referral practice, general practice, and human medicine.MethodsAn international veterinary Utstein task force was convened in April 2013 in San Francisco to determine the scope of the project, the variables to be reported, their definitions, and a reporting template. Factors that were essential for meaningful data reporting and were amenable to accurate collection (ie, core variables) and additional variables useful for research projects and hypothesis generation (ie, supplemental variables) were defined. Consensus on each item was either achieved during that meeting or during the subsequent online modified Delphi process and dialogue between task force members.ResultsVariables were defined and categorized as hospital, animal, event (arrest), and outcome variables. This report recommends a template for standardized reporting of veterinary in‐hospital CPR studies involving dogs or cats. Core elements include the suspected cause(s) and location of arrest, first rhythm identified, the occurrence of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) of more than 30 seconds (any ROSC) or more than 20 minutes (sustained ROSC), survival to discharge, and functional capacity at discharge. If CPR is discontinued or the patient is euthanized by owner request, a reason is reported. The task force suggests a case report form to be used for individual resuscitation events.ConclusionsThe availability of these veterinary small animal CPR reporting guidelines will encourage and facilitate high‐quality veterinary CPR research, improve data comparison between studies and across study sites, and serve as the foundation for veterinary CPR registries.
Complete Genome Sequence of Helicobacter pylori Strain 7C Isolated from a Mexican Patient with Chronic Gastritis
Authors: Mucito-Varela Eduardo , Castillo-Rojas Gonzalo , Cevallos Miguel A. , Lozano Luis , Merino Enrique , López-Leal Gamaliel , López-Vidal Yolanda 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Helicobacter pylori
-induced gastritis is a risk factor for developing gastric pathologies. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant
H. pylori
strain isolated from a chronic gastritis patient in Mexico City, Mexico. Nonvirulent VacA and
cag
-pathogenicity island (PAI) genotypes were found, but the presence of a potential mobilizable plasmid carrying an IS
605
element is of outstanding interest.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Strain of Azospirillum thiophilum Isolated from a Sulfide Spring
Authors: Fomenkov Alexey , Vincze Tamas , Grabovich Margarita , Anton Brian P. , Dubinina Galina , Orlova Maria , Belousova Elena , Roberts Richard J. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

We report the complete, closed genome sequence and complete methylome of
Azospirillum thiophilum
strain BV-S
T
.
Progressive resistance training in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Saltychev Mikhail , Bärlund Esa , Paltamaa Jaana , Katajapuu Niina , Laimi Katri 
Published: January 2016

ObjectivesTo investigate if there is evidence on effectiveness of progressive resistance training in rehabilitation of Parkinson disease.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources: Central, Medline, Embase, Cinahl, Web of Science, Pedro until May 2014. Randomised controlled or controlled clinical trials. The methodological quality of studies was assessed according to the Cochrane Collaboration's domain-based evaluation framework. Data synthesis: random effects meta-analysis with test for heterogeneity using the I² and pooled estimate as the raw mean difference.ParticipantsAdults with primary/idiopathic Parkinson's disease of any severity, excluding other concurrent neurological condition.InterventionsProgressive resistance training defined as training consisting of a small number of repetitions until fatigue, allowing sufficient rest between exercises for recovery, and increasing the resistance as the ability to generate force improves.ComparisonProgressive resistance training versus no treatment, placebo or other treatment in randomised controlled or controlled clinical trials.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAny outcome.ResultsOf 516 records, 12 were considered relevant. Nine of them had low risk of bias. All studies were randomised controlled trials conducted on small samples with none or 1 month follow-up after the end of intervention. Of them, six were included in quantitative analysis. Pooled effect sizes of meta-analyses on fast and comfortable walking speed, the 6 min walking test, Timed Up and Go test and maximal oxygen consumption were below the level of minimal clinical significance.ConclusionsThere is so far no evidence on the superiority of progressive resistance training compared with other physical training to support the use of this technique in rehabilitation of Parkinson's disease.Systematic review registration numberPROSPERO 2014:CRD42014009844.
Systematic review of the literature on viral persistence and sexual transmission from recovered Ebola survivors: evidence and recommendations
Authors: Thorson Anna , Formenty Pierre , Lofthouse Clare , Broutet Nathalie 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveThe main aim of this article is to present a comprehensive, systematic review on evidence of sexual transmission from Ebola survivors and persistence of Ebola virus in body fluids of relevance to sexual transmission, and additionally to review condom effectiveness against sexual transmission of Ebola.DesignWe performed a systematic review of viral persistence in body fluids of relevance to sexual transmission of Ebola survivors and evidence of sexual transmission of Ebola, and carried out a targeted review of condom effectiveness.ResultsWe identified nine published original articles presenting results on persistence of Ebola virus in relevant body fluids, or reporting suspect sexual transmission from Ebola survivors. We also included unpublished reports from the current 2014/2015 Ebola epidemic in West Africa. We found no articles reporting on condom effectiveness, but have included a targeted review on general condom efficacy and effectiveness.ConclusionsWe conclude that the risk of sexual transmission from people who have recovered from Ebola cannot be ruled out. We found the longest duration of persistent Ebola RNA in a relevant body fluid from a survivor, to be reported from a man in Sierra Leone who had reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) positive semen 284 days after symptom onset. In line with current WHO recommendations. We recommend that men are offered the possibility to test their semen regularly for presence of Ebola RNA from3 months post-symptom onset. Safe sex practices including sexual abstinence, or else condom use, are recommended by WHO until semen has tested negative twice, or in absence of testing for at least 6 months post-symptom onset. Based on evidence reviewed, we conclude that male and female latex condoms offer some protection against EBOV compared to no condom use. Survivors should be offered access to care and prevention, in order to provide them with possibilities to mitigate any risks that may occur, and efforts should be linked to destigmatising activities.
What do pharmaceutical industry professionals in Europe believe about involving patients and the public in research and development of medicines? A qualitative interview study
Authors: Parsons Suzanne , Starling Bella , Mullan-Jensen Christine , Tham Su-Gwan , Warner Kay , Wever Kim 
Published: January 2016

ObjectivesTo explore European-based pharmaceutical industry professionals’ beliefs about patient and public involvement (PPI) in medicines research and development (R&D).SettingPharmaceutical companies in the UK, Poland and Spain.Participants21 pharmaceutical industry professionals, four based in the UK, five with pan-European roles, four based in Spain and eight based in Poland.MethodQualitative interview study (telephone and face-to-face, semistructured interviews). All interviews were audio taped, translated (where appropriate) and transcribed for analysis using the Framework approach.Results21 pharmaceutical industry professionals participated. Key themes were: beliefs about (1) whether patients and the public should be involved in medicines R&D; (2) the barriers and facilitators to PPI in medicines R&D and (3) how the current relationships between the pharmaceutical industry, patient organisations and patients influence PPI in medicines R&D.ConclusionsAlthough interviewees appeared positive about PPI, many were uncertain about when, how and which patients to involve. Patients and the public's lack of knowledge and interest in medicines R&D, and the pharmaceutical industry's lack of knowledge, interest and receptivity to PPI were believed to be key challenges to increasing PPI. Interviewees also believed that relationships between the pharmaceutical industry, patient organisations, patients and the public needed to change to facilitate PPI in medicines R&D. Existing pharmaceutical industry codes of practice and negative media reporting of the pharmaceutical industry were also seen as negative influences on these relationships.