bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Psychometric Testing of the Humanistic Nurse-Patient Scale
Authors: Boscart Veronique M. , Pringle Dorothy , Peter Elizabeth , Wynn Francine , McGilton Katherine S. 
Published: February 2016

RÉSUMÉLa qualité de vie et le bien-être des patients âgés dans les installations pour les soins chroniques dépendent souvent de leurs relations avec les infirmières. Les auteurs ont développé et testé une échelle pour évaluer les points de vue des patients sur ce qui compte le plus relative aux infirmières. Basé sur la théorie de soins infirmiers humanistes par Paterson et Zderad (1988), 69 articles ont été créés et testés avec un échantillon de 40 patients, résultant dans le raffinement d'une échelle avec 24 articles. Cette échelle a ensuite été soumise à une analyse factorielle sur les réponses de 249 patients résidant dans cinq installations en Ontario, Canada. L'Échelle de l'importance des relations humanistes a démontré une forte cohérence interne, la stabilité et la fiabilité avec une solution de cinq facteurs (α = 0,87). La validité de la construction a été soutenue par l'identification factuelle. Cette échelle est une mesure valide des points de vue des patients sur une relation infirmière-patient en soins chroniques, et peut être utilisée pour mesurer les relations des professionnels de la santé avec leur patients âgés et d'évaluer les interventions visant à améliorer la relation de soins.
Water and beverage consumption among children aged 4–13 years in France: analyses of INCA 2 (Étude Individuelle Nationale des Consommations Alimentaires 2006–2007) data
Authors: Vieux Florent , Maillot Matthieu , Constant Florence , Drewnowski Adam 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the consumption of plain water among children in France and compare total water intakes with guidelines issued by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).DesignNationally representative data were used to assess food, beverage and water consumption by sex, age group (4–8 years, 9–13 years), income-to-poverty ratio, eating occasion and location. Beverages were classified into nine groups: water (tap or bottled), milk, 100 % fruit juice, sodas, fruit drinks, hot beverages, sports drinks and flavoured waters. Total water volume in relation to energy intake (litres/kcal) was also examined.SettingINCA 2 study (Étude Individuelle Nationale des Consommations Alimentaires 2006–2007).SubjectsFrench children (n 835) aged 4–13 years.ResultsTotal water intakes were accounted for by plain water (34 %), beverages (26 %) and food moisture (40 %). Plain water could be tap (18 %) or bottled (16 %). Older children drank more plain water than did younger children and boys drank more plain water than did girls. No socio-economic gradient for plain water consumption was observed. About 90 % of children did not meet the EFSA water intake recommendations. The daily water shortfall ranged from 367 to 594 ml/d. Water-to-energy ratio was 0·75–0·77 litres/1000 kcal (4184 kJ). Children drank milk at breakfast and plain water during lunch and dinner. Caloric beverages provided 10 % of dietary energy; consumption patterns varied by eating location.ConclusionsTotal water intakes among young children in France were below EFSA-recommended levels. Analyses of beverage consumption patterns by eating occasion and location can help identify ways to increase water consumption among children.
Adolescents’ non-core food intake: a description of what, where and with whom adolescents consume non-core foods
Authors: Toumpakari Zoi , Haase Anne M , Johnson Laura 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about adolescents’ non-core food intake in the UK and the eating context in which they consume non-core foods. The present study aimed to describe types of non-core foods consumed by British adolescents in total and across different eating contexts.DesignA descriptive analysis, using cross-sectional data from food diaries. Non-core foods were classified based on cut-off points of fat and sugar from the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating. Eating context was defined as ‘where’ and ‘with whom’ adolescents consumed each food. Percentages of non-core energy were calculated for each food group in total and across eating contexts. A combined ranking was then created to account for each food’s contribution to non-core energy intake and its popularity of consumption (percentage of consumers).SettingThe UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008–2011.SubjectsAdolescents across the UK aged 11–18 years (n 666).ResultsNon-core food comprised 39·5 % of total energy intake and was mostly ‘Regular soft drinks’, ‘Crisps & savoury snacks’, ‘Chips & potato products’, ‘Chocolate’ and ‘Biscuits’. Adolescents ate 57·0 % and 51·3 % of non-core food at ‘Eateries’ or with ‘Friends’, compared with 33·2 % and 32·1 % at ‘Home’ or with ‘Parents’. Persistent foods consumed across eating contexts were ‘Regular soft drinks’ and ‘Chips & potato products’.ConclusionsRegular soft drinks contribute the most energy and are the most popular non-core food consumed by adolescents regardless of context, and represent a good target for interventions to reduce non-core food consumption.
Identifying small groups of foods that can predict achievement of key dietary recommendations: data mining of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey, 2008–12
Authors: Giabbanelli Philippe J , Adams Jean 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveMany dietary assessment methods attempt to estimate total food and nutrient intake. If the intention is simply to determine whether participants achieve dietary recommendations, this leads to much redundant data. We used data mining techniques to explore the number of foods that intake information was required on to accurately predict achievement, or not, of key dietary recommendations.DesignWe built decision trees for achievement of recommendations for fruit and vegetables, sodium, fat, saturated fat and free sugars using data from a national dietary surveillance data set. Decision trees describe complex relationships between potential predictor variables (age, sex and all foods listed in the database) and outcome variables (achievement of each of the recommendations).SettingUK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS, 2008–12).SubjectsThe analysis included 4156 individuals.ResultsInformation on consumption of 113 out of 3911 (3 %) foods, plus age and sex was required to accurately categorize individuals according to all five recommendations. The best trade-off between decision tree accuracy and number of foods included occurred at between eleven (for fruit and vegetables) and thirty-two (for fat, plus age) foods, achieving an accuracy of 72 % (for fat) to 83 % (for fruit and vegetables), with similar values for sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionsUsing information on intake of 113 foods, it is possible to predict with 72–83 % accuracy whether individuals achieve key dietary recommendations. Substantial further research is required to make use of these findings for dietary assessment.
Quantitative Imaging of FRET-Based Biosensors for Cell- and Organelle-Specific Analyses in Plants
Authors: Banerjee Swayoma , Garcia Luis Rene , Versaw Wayne K. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractGenetically encoded Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors have been used to report relative concentrations of ions and small molecules, as well as changes in protein conformation, posttranslational modifications, and protein–protein interactions. Changes in FRET are typically quantified through ratiometric analysis of fluorescence intensities. Here we describe methods to evaluate ratiometric imaging data acquired through confocal microscopy of a FRET-based inorganic phosphate biosensor in different cells and subcellular compartments of Arabidopsis thaliana. Linear regression was applied to donor, acceptor, and FRET-derived acceptor fluorescence intensities obtained from images of multiple plants to estimate FRET ratios and associated location-specific spectral correction factors with high precision. FRET/donor ratios provided a combination of high dynamic range and precision for this biosensor when applied to the cytosol of both root and leaf cells, but lower precision when this ratiometric method was applied to chloroplasts. We attribute this effect to quenching of donor fluorescence because high precision was achieved with FRET/acceptor ratios and thus is the preferred ratiometric method for this organelle. A ligand-insensitive biosensor was also used to distinguish nonspecific changes in FRET ratios. These studies provide a useful guide for conducting quantitative ratiometric studies in live plants that is applicable to any FRET-based biosensor.
The development of the international initiative on the humanitarian impact of nuclear weapons and its effect on the nuclear weapons debate
Authors: Kmentt Alexander 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis article describes the genesis of the humanitarian initiative and the political context in which it has developed in the course of the joint cross-regional statements and the three international conferences on this issue in Norway, Mexico and Austria. It examines the key substantive conclusions that have emerged as a result of this debate and assesses their relevance for the global nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation regime. It concludes that these facts and findings warrant an urgent reassessment of the so-called security value of nuclear weapons and a nuclear deterrence-based notion of stability and security.
The bacterial microbiome of Dermacentor andersoni ticks influences pathogen susceptibility
Authors: Gall Cory A , Reif Kathryn E , Scoles Glen A , Mason Kathleen L , Mousel Michelle , Noh Susan M , Brayton Kelly A 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Ticks are of medical importance owing to their ability to transmit pathogens to humans and animals. The Rocky Mountain wood tick, Dermacentor andersoni, is a vector of a number of pathogens, including Anaplasma marginale, which is the most widespread tick-borne pathogen of livestock. Although ticks host pathogenic bacteria, they also harbor bacterial endosymbionts that have a role in tick physiology, survival, as well as pathogen acquisition and transmission. The goal of this study was to characterize the bacterial microbiome and examine the impact of microbiome disruption on pathogen susceptibility. The bacterial microbiome of two populations of D. andersoni with historically different susceptibilities to A. marginale was characterized. In this study, the microbiome was disrupted and then ticks were exposed to A. marginale or Francisella novicida to determine whether the microbiome correlated with pathogen susceptibility. Our study showed that an increase in proportion and quantity of Rickettsia bellii in the microbiome was negatively correlated to A. marginale levels in ticks. Furthermore, a decrease in Francisella endosymbionts was associated with lower F. novicida infection levels, demonstrating a positive pathogen–endosymbiont relationship. We demonstrate that endosymbionts and pathogens have varying interactions, and suggest that microbiome manipulation may provide a possible method for biocontrol by decreasing pathogen susceptibility of ticks.
Microbial community modeling using reliability theory
Authors: Zilles Julie L , Rodríguez Luis F , Bartolerio Nicholas A , Kent Angela D 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Linking microbial community composition with the corresponding ecosystem functions remains challenging. Because microbial communities can differ in their functional responses, this knowledge gap limits ecosystem assessment, design and management. To develop models that explicitly incorporate microbial populations and guide efforts to characterize their functional differences, we propose a novel approach derived from reliability engineering. This reliability modeling approach is illustrated here using a microbial ecology dataset from denitrifying bioreactors. Reliability modeling is well-suited for analyzing the stability of complex networks composed of many microbial populations. It could also be applied to evaluate the redundancy within a particular biochemical pathway in a microbial community. Reliability modeling allows characterization of the system’s resilience and identification of failure-prone functional groups or biochemical steps, which can then be targeted for monitoring or enhancement. The reliability engineering approach provides a new perspective for unraveling the interactions between microbial community diversity, functional redundancy and ecosystem services, as well as practical tools for the design and management of engineered ecosystems.
Pathways and key intermediates required for obligate aerobic ammonia-dependent chemolithotrophy in bacteria and Thaumarchaeota
Authors: Kozlowski Jessica A , Stieglmeier Michaela , Schleper Christa , Klotz Martin G , Stein Lisa Y 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Chemolithotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and Thaumarchaeota are central players in the global nitrogen cycle. Obligate ammonia chemolithotrophy has been characterized for bacteria; however, large gaps remain in the Thaumarchaeotal pathway. Using batch growth experiments and instantaneous microrespirometry measurements of resting biomass, we show that the terrestrial Thaumarchaeon Nitrososphaera viennensis EN76T exhibits tight control over production and consumption of nitric oxide (NO) during ammonia catabolism, unlike the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196T. In particular, pulses of hydroxylamine into a microelectrode chamber as the sole substrate for N. viennensis resulted in iterative production and consumption of NO followed by conversion of hydroxylamine to nitrite. In support of these observations, oxidation of ammonia in growing cultures of N. viennensis, but not of N. multiformis, was inhibited by the NO-scavenger PTIO. When based on the marginal nitrous oxide (N2O) levels detected in cell-free media controls, the higher levels produced by N. multiformis were explained by enzyme activity, whereas N2O in N. viennensis cultures was attributed to abiotic reactions of released N-oxide intermediates with media components. Our results are conceptualized in a pathway for ammonia-dependent chemolithotrophy in Thaumarchaea, which identifies NO as an essential intermediate in the pathway and implements known biochemistry to be executed by a proposed but still elusive copper enzyme. Taken together, this work identifies differences in ammonia-dependent chemolithotrophy between bacteria and the Thaumarchaeota, advances a central catabolic role of NO only in the Thaumarchaeotal pathway and reveals stark differences in how the two microbial cohorts contribute to N2O emissions.
High coverage metabolomics analysis reveals phage-specific alterations to Pseudomonas aeruginosa physiology during infection
Authors: De Smet Jeroen , Zimmermann Michael , Kogadeeva Maria , Ceyssens Pieter-Jan , Vermaelen Wesley , Blasdel Bob , Bin Jang Ho , Sauer Uwe , Lavigne Rob 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Phage-mediated metabolic changes in bacteria are hypothesized to markedly alter global nutrient and biogeochemical cycles. Despite their theoretic importance, experimental data on the net metabolic impact of phage infection on the bacterial metabolism remains scarce. In this study, we tracked the dynamics of intracellular metabolites using untargeted high coverage metabolomics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells infected with lytic bacteriophages from six distinct phage genera. Analysis of the metabolomics data indicates an active interference in the host metabolism. In general, phages elicit an increase in pyrimidine and nucleotide sugar metabolism. Furthermore, clear phage-specific and infection stage-specific responses are observed, ranging from extreme metabolite depletion (for example, phage YuA) to complete reorganization of the metabolism (for example, phage phiKZ). As expected, pathways targeted by the phage-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) were enriched among the metabolites changing during infection. The effect on pyrimidine metabolism of phages encoding AMGs capable of host genome degradation (for example, YuA and LUZ19) was distinct from those lacking nuclease-encoding genes (for example, phiKZ), which demonstrates the link between the encoded set of AMGs of a phage and its impact on host physiology. However, a large fraction of the profound effect on host metabolism could not be attributed to the phage-encoded AMGs. We suggest a potentially crucial role for small, ‘non-enzymatic’ peptides in metabolism take-over and hypothesize on potential biotechnical applications for such peptides. The highly phage-specific nature of the metabolic impact emphasizes the potential importance of the ‘phage diversity’ parameter when studying metabolic interactions in complex communities.
Bacterial communities from Arctic seasonal sea ice are more compositionally variable than those from multi-year sea ice
Authors: Hatam Ido , Lange Benjamin , Beckers Justin , Haas Christian , Lanoil Brian 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Arctic sea ice can be classified into two types: seasonal ice (first-year ice, FYI) and multi-year ice (MYI). Despite striking differences in the physical and chemical characteristics of FYI and MYI, and the key role sea ice bacteria play in biogeochemical cycles of the Arctic Ocean, there are a limited number of studies comparing the bacterial communities from these two ice types. Here, we compare the membership and composition of bacterial communities from FYI and MYI sampled north of Ellesmere Island, Canada. Our results show that communities from both ice types were dominated by similar class-level phylogenetic groups. However, at the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) level, communities from MYI and FYI differed in both membership and composition. Communities from MYI sites had consistent structure, with similar membership (presence/absence) and composition (OTU abundance) independent of location and year of sample. By contrast, communities from FYI were more variable. Although FYI bacterial communities from different locations and different years shared similar membership, they varied significantly in composition. Should these findings apply to sea ice across the Arctic, we predict increased compositional variability in sea ice bacterial communities resulting from the ongoing transition from predominantly MYI to FYI, which may impact nutrient dynamics in the Arctic Ocean.
Neuronal differentiation is associated with a redox-regulated increase of copper flow to the secretory pathway
Authors: Hatori Yuta , Yan Ye , Schmidt Katharina , Furukawa Eri , Hasan Nesrin M. , Yang Nan , Liu Chin-Nung , Sockanathan Shanthini , Lutsenko Svetlana 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBrain development requires a fine-tuned copper homoeostasis. Copper deficiency or excess results in severe neuro-pathologies. We demonstrate that upon neuronal differentiation, cellular demand for copper increases, especially within the secretory pathway. Copper flow to this compartment is facilitated through transcriptional and metabolic regulation. Quantitative real-time imaging revealed a gradual change in the oxidation state of cytosolic glutathione upon neuronal differentiation. Transition from a broad range of redox states to a uniformly reducing cytosol facilitates reduction of the copper chaperone Atox1, liberating its metal-binding site. Concomitantly, expression of Atox1 and its partner, a copper transporter ATP7A, is upregulated. These events produce a higher flux of copper through the secretory pathway that balances copper in the cytosol and increases supply of the cofactor to copper-dependent enzymes, expression of which is elevated in differentiated neurons. Direct link between glutathione oxidation and copper compartmentalization allows for rapid metabolic adjustments essential for normal neuronal function.
Integrating geological archives and climate models for the mid-Pliocene warm period
Authors: Haywood Alan M. , Dowsett Harry J. , Dolan Aisling M. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP) offers an opportunity to understand a warmer-than-present world and assess the predictive ability of numerical climate models. Environmental reconstruction and climate modelling are crucial for understanding the mPWP, and the synergy of these two, often disparate, fields has proven essential in confirming features of the past and in turn building confidence in projections of the future. The continual development of methodologies to better facilitate environmental synthesis and data/model comparison is essential, with recent work demonstrating that time-specific (time-slice) syntheses represent the next logical step in exploring climate change during the mPWP and realizing its potential as a test bed for understanding future climate change.
Tenomodulin promotes human adipocyte differentiation and beneficial visceral adipose tissue expansion
Authors: Senol-Cosar Ozlem , Flach Rachel J. Roth , DiStefano Marina , Chawla Anil , Nicoloro Sarah , Straubhaar Juerg , Hardy Olga T. , Noh Hye Lim , Kim Jason K. , Wabitsch Martin , Scherer Philipp E. , Czech Michael P. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractProper regulation of energy storage in adipose tissue is crucial for maintaining insulin sensitivity and molecules contributing to this process have not been fully revealed. Here we show that type II transmembrane protein tenomodulin (TNMD) is upregulated in adipose tissue of insulin-resistant versus insulin-sensitive individuals, who were matched for body mass index (BMI). TNMD expression increases in human preadipocytes during differentiation, whereas silencing TNMD blocks adipogenesis. Upon high-fat diet feeding, transgenic mice overexpressing Tnmd develop increased epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) mass, and preadipocytes derived from Tnmd transgenic mice display greater proliferation, consistent with elevated adipogenesis. In Tnmd transgenic mice, lipogenic genes are upregulated in eWAT, as is Ucp1 in brown fat, while liver triglyceride accumulation is attenuated. Despite expanded eWAT, transgenic animals display improved systemic insulin sensitivity, decreased collagen deposition and inflammation in eWAT, and increased insulin stimulation of Akt phosphorylation. Our data suggest that TNMD acts as a protective factor in visceral adipose tissue to alleviate insulin resistance in obesity.
An open access pilot freely sharing cancer genomic data from participants in Texas
Authors: Becnel Lauren B. , Pereira Stacey , Drummond Jennifer A. , Gingras Marie-Claude , Covington Kyle R. , Kovar Christie L. , Doddapaneni Harsha Vardhan , Hu Jianhong , Muzny Donna , McGuire Amy L. , Wheeler David A. , Gibbs Richard A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractGenomic data sharing in cancer has been restricted to aggregate or controlled-access initiatives to protect the privacy of research participants. By limiting access to these data, it has been argued that the autonomy of individuals who decide to participate in data sharing efforts has been superseded and the utility of the data as research and educational tools reduced. In a pilot Open Access (OA) project from the CPRIT-funded Texas Cancer Research Biobank, many Texas cancer patients were willing to openly share genomic data from tumor and normal matched pair specimens. For the first time, genetic data from 7 human cancer cases with matched normal are freely available without requirement for data use agreements nor any major restriction except that end users cannot attempt to re-identify the participants (http://txcrb.org/open.html).