bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicare claims indicators of healthcare utilization differences after hospitalization for ischemic stroke: Race, gender, and caregiving effects
Authors: Roth David L , Sheehan Orla C , Huang Jin , Rhodes James D , Judd Suzanne E , Kilgore Meredith , Kissela Brett , Bettger Janet Prvu , Haley William E 
Published: July 2016

Background Differences in healthcare utilization after stroke may partly explain race or gender differences in stroke outcomes and identify factors that might reduce post-acute stroke care costs. Aim To examine systematic differences in Medicare claims for healthcare utilization after hospitalization for ischemic stroke in a US population-based sample. Methods Claims were examined over a six-month period after hospitalization for 279 ischemic stroke survivors 65 years or older from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Statistical analyses examined differences in post-acute healthcare utilization, adjusted for pre-stroke utilization, as a function of race (African-American vs. White), gender, age, stroke belt residence, income, Medicaid dual-eligibility, Charlson comorbidity index, and whether the person lived with an available caregiver. Results After adjusting for covariates, women were more likely than men to receive home health care and to use emergency department services during the post-acute care period. These effects were maintained even after further adjustment for acute stroke severity. African-Americans had more home health care visits than Whites among patients who received some home health care. Having a co-residing caregiver was associated with reduced acute hospitalization length of stay and fewer post-acute emergency department and primary care physician visits. Conclusions Underutilization of healthcare after stroke does not appear to explain poorer long-term stroke outcomes for women and African-Americans in this epidemiologically-derived sample. Caregiver availability may contribute to reduced formal care and cost during the post-acute period.
Measurement properties of the EuroQoL EQ-5D-5L to assess quality of life in patients undergoing carpal tunnel release
Authors: Marti C. , Hensler S. , Herren D. B. , Niedermann K. , Marks M. 
Published: July 2016

The objective of this study was to investigate the measurement properties of the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). A total of 60 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome completed the EQ-5D-5L twice before surgical decompression and once more 6 weeks after surgery. In addition, they filled out the Short Form 12 and Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire at the baseline and postoperative follow-up examinations. Test–retest reliability was excellent with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.81. Internal consistency was high with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.83. Good validity of the EQ-5D-5L was indicated by correlations of r = 0.7 and r = 0.5 with the Short Form 12 and Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire, respectively. Moderate responsiveness was shown by an effect size of 0.5. The minimal important change was 0.09 points. Overall, the EQ-5D-5L demonstrates sound measurement properties and can be recommended as a suitable tool to assess quality of life in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Level of evidence: I
How much is a pheromone worth?
Authors: Bento Jose Mauricio S. , Parra Jose Roberto P. , de Miranda Silvia H. G. , Adami Andrea C. O. , Vilela Evaldo F. , Leal Walter S. 
Published: July 2016

Pheromone-baited traps have been widely used in integrated pest management programs, but their economic value for growers has never been reported. We analyzed the economic benefits of long-term use of traps baited with the citrus fruit borer Gymnandrosoma aurantianum sex pheromone in Central-Southern Brazil. Our analysis show that from 2001 to 2013 citrus growers avoided accumulated pest losses of 132.7 million to 1.32 billion USD in gross revenues, considering potential crop losses in the range of 5 to 50%. The area analyzed, 56,600 to 79,100 hectares of citrus (20.4 to 29.4 million trees), corresponds to 9.7 to 13.5% of the total area planted with citrus in the state of São Paulo. The data show a benefit-to-cost ratio of US$ 2,655 to US$ 26,548 per dollar spent on research with estimated yield loss prevented in the range of 5-50%, respectively. This study demonstrates that, in addition to the priceless benefits for the environment, sex pheromones are invaluable tools for growers as their use for monitoring populations allows rational and reduced use of insecticides, a win-win situation.
Multiplex Droplet Digital PCR Quantification of Recurrent Somatic Mutations in Diffuse Large B-Cell and Follicular Lymphoma
Authors: Alcaide Miguel , Yu Stephen , Bushell Kevin , Fornika Daniel , Nielsen Julie S , Nelson Brad H , Mann Koren K , Assouline Sarit , Johnson Nathalie A , Morin Ryan D 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
A plethora of options to detect mutations in tumor-derived DNA currently exist but each suffers limitations in analytical sensitivity, cost, or scalability. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is an appealing technology for detecting the presence of specific mutations based on a priori knowledge and can be applied to tumor biopsies, including formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues. More recently, ddPCR has gained popularity in its utility in quantifying circulating tumor DNA.

METHODS
We have developed a suite of novel ddPCR assays for detecting recurrent mutations that are prevalent in common B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. These assays allowed the differentiation and counting of mutant and wild-type molecules using one single hydrolysis probe. We also implemented multiplexing that allowed the simultaneous detection of distinct mutations and an “inverted” ddPCR assay design, based on employing probes matching wild-type alleles, capable of detecting the presence of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms.

RESULTS
The assays successfully detected and quantified somatic mutations commonly affecting enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2) (Y641) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) (D419) hotspots in fresh tumor, FFPE, and liquid biopsies. The “inverted” ddPCR approach effectively reported any single nucleotide variant affecting either of these 2 hotspots as well. Finally, we could effectively multiplex hydrolysis probes targeting 2 additional lymphoma-related hotspots: myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88; L265P) and cyclin D3 (CCND3; I290R).

CONCLUSIONS
Our suite of ddPCR assays provides sufficient analytical sensitivity and specificity for either the invasive or noninvasive detection of multiple recurrent somatic mutations in B-cell NHLs.
An Examination of Students' Use of Technology for Non-Academic Purposes in the College Classroom
Authors: Kornhauser Zachary George Charles , Paul Andrea L. , Siedlecki Karen L. 
Published: July 2016

Previous research has shown that students who use technology in the classroom for non-academic purposes suffer decrements to their academic performance. These findings are consistent with theories and research in cognitive science. However, no current study has examined the sorts of technology that students use in class, their reasons for using it, and whether they feel that it is acceptable to use it. The current study sought to qualitatively explore these questions across a sample (N= 105) of college students. Results reveal that the most common use of technology in the classroom is text messaging and emailing, and that students regularly use technology for a variety of non-academic reasons. Limitations of this study include the homogeneity of the participant sample. Future research should determine what factors lead students to use technology for non-academic purposes and also identify effective strategies for preventing or managing students’ use of technology for non-academic purposes in the college classroom.
Estudo cinético da enzima catalase (E.C. 1.11.1.6) de extrato bruto de batata doce (Ipomoea batatas)
Authors: Belo Matheus Felipe Rocha Ferraz , Souza André Luis Fachini 
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho utilizou um extrato bruto de batata doce (Ipomoea batatas) para estudar o efeito da variação de alguns parâmetros cinéticos (pH, temperatura, concentração de enzima e substrato) sobre a atividade da enzima catalase (hidroperoxidase, E.C. 1.11.1.6). Esta enzima está presente na maioria dos organismos e serve para proteger a célula de espécies reativas de oxigênio, subproduto de algumas reações metabólicas e responsáveis pelo estresse oxidativo. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a catalase de batata doce apresenta estabilidade e atividade catalítica máxima na faixa de pH 6,0 – 9,0 e de temperatura 25 – 30 °C, utilizando-se para ensaios da variação de concentração de enzima e substrato pH 7,0 e temperatura de 30 °C. A catalase foi ensaiada quanto a variação da concentração de substrato de acordo com a cinética de Michaelis-Menten, apresentando um valor aparente de velocidade máxima (Vmáx) de 0,31 mol/L/min. e Km aparente de 0,19 mol/L.
Análise exploratória de simulações sociais computacionais por meio de estatística multivariada e mapas auto-organizáveis
Authors: Santos da Silva Marcos Aurélio , Santos Andréia Vieira , Galina Márcia Helena , Medeiros Sonise Dos Santos , De Almeida Márcio Rogers Melo 
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho teve como objetivo a aplicação da análise de componentes principais, da análise de agrupamentos pelo método hierárquico aglomerativo e da rede neural do tipo Mapa Auto-Organizável de Kohonen na análise exploratória de resultados de simulações sociais computacionais do sistema socioterritorial “Território Rural Sul Sergipano”. A metodologia basea-se na Sociologia da Ação Organizada e no método Soclab. As análises estatísticas mostraram que as simulações do sistema socioterritorial geraram resultados que confirmam a tendência do sistema à estabilidade. No entanto, observou-se, por meio da rede neural, que há diferenças, ainda que pequenas, entre as situações que levam o sistema à estabilidade.
On coincidences of tuples in a binary tree with random labels of vertices
Authors: Zubkov Andrey M. , Kruglov Vasiliy I. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Let all vertices of a complete binary tree of finite height be independently and equiprobably labeled by the elements of some finite alphabet. We consider the numbers of pairs of identical tuples of labels on chains of subsequent vertices in the tree. Exact formulae for the expectations of these numbers are obtained. Convergence to the compound Poisson distribution is proved.
Setting of southern sweet-grass plantation with stem cuttings obtained by division of maternal plants
Authors: Bączek Katarzyna , Angielczyk Mirosław , Mosakowska Kamila , Kosakowska Olga , Węglarz Zenon 
Published: July 2016

Summary
Southern sweet-grass (Hierochloë australis /Schrad./ Roem. & Schult.) is a perennial, wild growing tuft grass occurring in North-East Poland, Belarus and Finland. In Poland the species is under the partial legal protection. The raw material harvested from this plant are leaves rich in coumarins, mainly in coumarin responsible for specific sweet aroma of leaves. They are used mostly for the aromatization of alcohol and tobacco products. Due to high demand for the raw material and decrease in the natural resources of the species, it is advisable to introduce the plant into cultivation. In the presented study vegetative planting stock (1-, 2-, and 4-stem cuttings) were used to set the plantation of southern sweet-grass. The influence of the planting stock type on the mass of leaves and their quality in the first and second year of plant vegetation as well as the mass of seeds from two-year-old plants were investigated. The highest number of well rooted plants was obtained from 4-stem cuttings (74.07%) and the least - from 1-stem cuttings (47.53%). Both, on one- and two-year-old plantations the plants from 4-stem cuttings were characterized by the highest mass of leaves (7.73 and 24.65 g ˟ plant-1, respectively). The plants were also characterized by the highest number of generative shoots (40.71 pcs. ˟ plant-1) and mass of seeds (4.62 g ˟ plant-1). The total contents of coumarins and phenolic acids did not depend on the type of planting stock. The contents of these compounds was higher in two-year-old plants than in one-year-old ones, whereas the content of flavonoids was higher in one-year-old plants.
Plant endophytic fungi as a source of paclitaxel
Authors: Michalczyk Alicja , Cieniecka-Rosłonkiewicz Anna , Cholewińska Małgorzata 
Published: July 2016

Summary
Endophytic fungi were isolated from different parts of the plants Corylus avellana (Corylaceae) and Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae) and then identified to the genus level based on the morphology of the fungal culture and the characteristics of the spores. The fungicidal and antitumor activity of isolates and extracts obtained from them was determined. We found that a few isolates from Corylus avellana and Ocimum basilicum produced metabolites that inhibited the growth of Oomycetes fungi to a highly significant extent. In the potato disc bioassay only an extract from the isolate C-9 showed an inhibitory action in tumor development. Paclitaxel presence in extract from the isolate C-9 was confirmed using the thin layer chromatography method (TLC) and UV-VIS spectroscopic analysis. The above results indicated that the tested samples revealed an antitumor activity. The detection of paclitaxel in the isolate C-9 suggests that the antitumor activity resulted probably from the presence of this taxane in the tested material.
Natural underlying mtDNA heteroplasmy as a potential source of intra‐person hiPSC variability
Authors: Perales‐Clemente Ester , Cook Alexandra N , Evans Jared M , Roellinger Samantha , Secreto Frank , Emmanuele Valentina , Oglesbee Devin , Mootha Vamsi K , Hirano Michio , Schon Eric A , Terzic Andre , Nelson Timothy J 
Published: July 2016

AbstractFunctional variability among human clones of induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) remains a limitation in assembling high‐quality biorepositories. Beyond inter‐person variability, the root cause of intra‐person variability remains unknown. Mitochondria guide the required transition from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism in nuclear reprogramming. Moreover, mitochondria have their own genome (mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA]). Herein, we performed mtDNA next‐generation sequencing (NGS) on 84 hiPSC clones derived from a cohort of 19 individuals, including mitochondrial and non‐mitochondrial patients. The analysis of mtDNA variants showed that low levels of potentially pathogenic mutations in the original fibroblasts are revealed through nuclear reprogramming, generating mutant hiPSCs with a detrimental effect in their differentiated progeny. Specifically, hiPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes with expanded mtDNA mutations non‐related with any described human disease, showed impaired mitochondrial respiration, being a potential cause of intra‐person hiPSC variability. We propose mtDNA NGS as a new selection criterion to ensure hiPSC quality for drug discovery and regenerative medicine.
Coleção e identidade na crítica de Ángel Rama nos anos setenta
Authors: Demenech Pedro 
Published: July 2016

Este artigo analisa a trajetória intelectual de Ángel Rama (1926-1983), crítico uruguaio, nos anos setenta. Quando lança La generación crítica 1939-1969, em 1972, projetava escrever um segundo tomo, pois o livro tem o subtítulo “I. Panoramas”. Entretanto, jamais trabalhou nele novamente e isso é sintomático neste trabalho. No único livro dedicado à cultura de seu país, o Uruguai, Rama analisa os problemas no tom de nostalgia, notando que uma cultura de felicidade individual e confiança no Estado se desintegra. Surpreendido pelo golpe de Estado de 1973, Rama não pôde retornar à terra natal. Exilado, aprimora seu trabalho de crítico literário que já na década sessenta era reconhecido em Marcha e projetos coletivos de integração cultural, como na Casa de las Américas do governo cubano. Com a quebra de continuidade com seu passado, trabalha na criação da Biblioteca Ayacucho, em 1974, quando projeta uma história aberta ao futuro.
A Globalização Provocou o Aumento da Desigualdade? Uma abordagem Heterodoxa
Authors: Jalil Mohammad Muaz 
Published: July 2016

Resumo: este artigo apresenta quatro cenários para mostrar que a “versão neoliberal da globalização”, como sua crença na primazia da “auto-regulação” do mercado provocando a desregulamentação da economia, o desmantelamento do Estado de Bem-Estar, a redução da força dos sindicatos e a fi nanceirização da economia internacional, provocou o aumento da desigualdade de renda. A primeira seção do artigo defi ne os conceitos de globalização e desigualdade. A segunda, explica como globalização neoliberal tornou-se uma força dominante intelectual e politicamente. A terceira e quarta seções mostram à luz de quatro estudos de caso, Coreia do Sul, Taiwan, Chile e Índia, como a versão neoliberal da globalização exacerbou ainda mais a desigualdade. O artigo conclui com propostas para a promoção de uma globalização não-neoliberal.Palavras-chave: Globalização. Desigualdade. Neo-liberalismo.
A Distribuição Espacial da Violência na Cidade de Goiânia
Authors: Leão Carlos , Nascimento Paulo Fernando S. 
Published: July 2016

Resumo: esse estudo buscou mapear a violência na Região Metropolitana de Goiânia a partir de dados dos Boletins de Ocorrência da Policia Militar do Estado deGoiás. O procedimento inicial consistiu na manipulação do banco de dados geográficos e na elaboração de diferentes mapas que permitiram explorar visualmente o objeto de análise. Na sequência contemplou-se a análise exploratória com a geração de estatísticas descritivas que caracterizaram a natureza da distribuição espacial dos dados e o seu padrão de associação espacial E finalmente, procedeu-se à modelagem que incluiu os procedimentos de validação estatística e de formulação de modelos de estimação.Palavras-chave: Espacialização da violência. Mapas. Goiânia.
Mesoscale study of water transport in mortar influenced by sodium chloride
Authors: Wang Yi , Gong Fuyuan , Zhang Dawei , Ueda Tamon 
Published: July 2016

Transport properties of mortar exposed to salt solution are fundamental information for understanding the durability of mortar. In this paper, change in moisture uptake behaviors due to sodium chloride (NaCl) contamination was studied. To understand the salt contamination effect, mortar samples with different water-to-cement ratios (w/c) in meso scale were immersed into deionized (DI) water, intermediate (3%wt), and high (20%wt) concentration of NaCl solutions for three days. After immersion, the re-dried samples were sequentially immersed in DI water at room temperature for seven days. Based on the test results, two-stage solution diffusion model was developed, which can describe the solution absorption process efficiently. The salt contamination may be due to calcium (Ca2+) leaching and salt crystallization. As found, when exposed to low concentration NaCl solution, the diffusivity of mortar would increase due to faster Ca2+ leaching. However, for high concentration NaCl solution, it would be reduced since pores filled by crystallized salt have dominant effect in this case. The salt crystallization mainly occurs at small pores because there is little difference at initial absorption but the difference becomes significant for long time absorption.
The Role of Care Management as a Population Health Intervention to Address Disparities and Control Hypertension: A Quasi-Experimental Observational Study
Authors: Hussain Tanvir , Franz Whitney , Brown Emily , Kan Athena , Okoye Mekam , Dietz Katherine , Taylor Kara , Carson Kathryn A. , Halbert Jennifer , Dalcin Arlene , Anderson Cheryl A. M. , Boonyasai Romsai T. , Albert Michael , Marsteller Jill A. , Cooper Lisa A. 
Published: July 2016

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We studied whether care management is a pragmatic solution for improving population blood pressure (BP) control and addressing BP disparities between Blacks and Whites in routine clinical environments. </p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Quasi-experimental, observational study. </p><p><strong>Setting and Participants: </strong>3,964 uncontrolled hypertensive patients receiving primary care within the last year from one of six Baltimore clinics were identified as eligible. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Three in-person sessions over three months with registered dietitians and pharmacists who addressed medication titration, patient adherence to healthy behaviors and medication, and disparities related barriers. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Main Measures: </strong>We assessed the population impact of care management using the RE-AIM framework. To evaluate effectiveness in improving BP, we used unadjusted, adjusted, and propensity-score matched differences-in-differences models to compare those who completed all sessions with partial completers and non-participants. </p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of all eligible patients, 5% participated in care management. Of 629 patients who entered care management, 245 (39%) completed all three sessions. Those completing all sessions on average reached BP control (mean BP 137/78) and experienced 9 mm Hg systolic blood pressure (P&lt;.001) and 4 mm Hg DBP (P=.004) greater improvement than non-participants; findings did not vary in adjusted or propensity-score matched models. Disparities in systolic and diastolic BP between Blacks and Whites were not detectable at completion. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It may be possible to achieve BP control among both Black and White patients who participate in a few sessions of care management. However, the very limited reach and patient challenges with program completion should raise significant caution with relying on care management alone to improve population BP control and eliminate related disparities. <em>Ethn Dis. </em>2016;26(3):285-294; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.285 </p>