bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation exposure in patients treated with endovascular aneurysm repair: what is the risk of cancer, and can we justify treating younger patients?
Authors: Nyheim Thomas , Staxrud Lars E , Jørgensen Jørgen J , Jensen Kristin , Olerud Hilde M , Sandbæk Gunnar 
Published: June 2016

Background Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is becoming the mainstay treatment of abdominal aortic aneurisms (AAA). The postoperative follow-up regime includes a lifelong series of CT angiograms (CTAs) at different intervals in addition to EVAR, which will confer significant cumulative radiation exposure over time. Purpose To examine the impact of age and follow-up regime over time on cumulative radiation exposure and attributable cancer risk after EVAR. Material and Methods We calculated a mean effective dose (ED) for the EVAR procedure, CTA, and plain abdominal X-rays (PAX). Cumulative ED was calculated for standard, complex, and simplified surveillance over 5, 10, and 15 years for different age groups. Results For EVAR, the mean ED was 34 mSv (range, 12–75 mSv) per procedure. For PAX, the ED was 1.1 mSv (range, 0.3–4.4 mSv), and for CTA it was 8.0 mSv (range, 2–20 mSv). For a 55-year-old man, an attributable cancer risk (ACR) in standard surveillance at 5 and 15 years of follow-up was 0.35% and 0.65%, respectively. The corresponding values were 0.22% and 0.37% for a 75-year-old man. When using a simplified follow-up, the ACRs for a 55-year-old at 5 and 15 years were 0.30% and 0.37%, respectively. These values were 0.18% and 0.21% for a 75-year-old man. A complex follow-up with half-yearly CTA over similar age and time span doubled the ACR. Conclusion Treating younger patients with EVAR poses a low ACR of 0.65% (15-year standard surveillance) compared to a lifetime cancer risk of 44%. A simplified surveillance should be used if treating younger patients, which will halve the ACR over 15 years.
Effects of combining erlotinib and RNA-interfered downregulation of focal adhesion kinase expression on gastric cancer
Authors: Feng Rui , Yang Sheng 
Published: June 2016

Objective To investigate the synergistic effects of combining erlotinib and RNA-interference downregulation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of the human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS. Methods Cells were divided into five experimental groups: Group A, nontransfected control; Group B, transfected with empty vector; Group C, transfected with FAK-shRNA; Group D, erlotinib treatment; Group E, combination erlotinib treatment and transfected with FAK-shRNA. FAK protein levels were confirmed via Western blotting. Cell proliferation (CCK-8 assay, apoptosis (flow cytometry), cell invasion (transwell assay) and migration (scratch assay) were evaluated. Results RNA interference significantly decreased FAK protein levels. Cell proliferation, invasion and migration were significantly lower in Groups C, D and E compared with Group A, and significantly lower in Group E than in Groups C and D. Conclusions RNA interference effectively silences FAK expression and inhibits malignant cell proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer cells. The effect of FAK inhibition is increased by co-treatment with erlotinib.
‘He left me a message on Facebook’: comparing the risk profiles of self-harming patients who leave paper suicide notes with those who leave messages on new media
Authors: Barrett Jessica R. , Lee William , Shetty Hitesh , Broadbent Matthew , Cross Sean , Hotopf Matthew , Stewart Robert 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundIn cases of non-fatal self-harm, suicide notes are a major risk factor for repeated self-harm and suicide. Suicide notes can now be left on new media services, emails or text messages, as well as on paper.AimsIn a group of people who had harmed themselves, we aimed to compare new media note-leavers with paper note-leavers and characterise these groups demographically and by risk factors.MethodClinical notes of patients who presented with non-fatal self-harm to two London emergency departments were anonymously searched for mentions of new media use. These were categorised and risk factors were compared for those who had left a new media note, a paper note, or no note to establish differences in risk of note-leaving.ResultsNew media note-leaving was associated with younger age and substance use; both risk factors for repeated self-harm. However, suicidal intent remained highest in paper note-leavers.ConclusionsPaper note-leavers remain at greatest risk, however new media note leaving is still correlated with risk factors related to repeated self-harm and suicide. Clinicians should enquire about new media use during emergency department assessments of self-harm.
“Why Should You Be So Furious?”: Fantasies of Violence in Seventeenth-Century Writings
Authors: Bross Kristina 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This essay analyzes the American appropriation of an incident in the 1620s on the spice island of Ambonya in which several English traders were tortured (waterboarded) and executed by their Dutch rivals. The essay argues that New England authors imagine themselves the subject of anti-English violence half a world away in order to lay claim to a global English identity. The essay compares the visual representation of that East Indian violence with a well-known image of violence in New England, John Underhill’s figure of the Mystic Fort massacre of the Pequot War, arguing that the two images are linked intertextually. The two images anchor a particular history of torture that suggests how representations of violence are key elements of colonial fantasies that made (and make) real atrocities possible.
Experience Beyond Bearing: Steinbeck in the War Psychiatry Archive
Authors: Wood Mary Elene 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This article begins with the discovery in a Wellcome Library war psychiatry archive of a carbon copy of one of John Steinbeck’s 1943 dispatches to the New York Tribune from the Italian front. The article examines Steinbeck’s dispatch in relation to documents in the military psychiatry archive, to Steinbeck’s other war dispatches published in 1958 as the collection Once There Was a War, and to the reception of his propagandistic novel The Moon Is Down in order to show that Steinbeck’s archived piece (infused as it is with the conflicted discourses of war psychiatry) constructs soldiers’ responses to war violence as beset by paradox—as normal as childbirth yet “beyond bearing.” I use this strange juxtaposition of documents (postmodern dispatch and official reports and memoranda) to reflect on the archive as an accidental anthology that allows us the opportunity to read disparate texts in relation to one another and to see sociocultural phenomena in a new light, in this case both the trajectory of Steinbeck’s writing career and contemporary representations of war trauma.
Facebook and mental wellbeing: a crossover randomised controlled study
Authors: Wolf Achim 
Published: June 2016

Objective: To study the effect of reducing Facebook use for two weeks on self-reported mental wellbeing in a student population. Methods: Students at the University of Oxford (n=78) participated in a randomised crossover study which consisted of two consecutive two-week periods of minimised Facebook use, followed by normal Facebook use, or vice-versa. Participants were evaluated after each two-week period using the 14-item Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS), and completed questionnaires about their Facebook use. Differences in WEMWBS scores were evaluated using a paired t-test. Results: Of those enrolled, 57 (73%) students completed the entire study. 93% reported reduced Facebook use during the intervention period. When limiting their Facebook use, participants had an average WEMWBS score of 46.0, compared to 43.7 during the control period, equating to a difference of 2.3 points (95% CI: 0.4 to 4.2; p=0.016; Cohen’s d = 0.33). There were no significant differences in dropout between the two groups (p=0.3), or differences in effect when stratifying by gender (p=0.9) or relationship status (p=0.6). Conclusion: Reducing Facebook use may be an effective intervention for improving mental wellbeing in university students. Future studies should examine effects in other participant groups, and use longer follow-up periods.
The Features of Realizing the Energy Categories in Scientific Short Texts from the Perception Point of View
Authors: Ельцова  , Eltsova M. 
Published: June 2016

In the article we shall describe the features of realizing the energy categories
(tensity and tension) in scientific short texts. There are described the
tensity and tension categories, their complex description is given. The features
of realizing the categories are studied on the base of two genres of
scientific short text: abstracts and short popular scientific articles from children’s
encyclopedia. The linguistic-mathematical model is created for each
text analyzed (there is only one of them in this article given as an example in
which the most typical and common features of both genres are revealed).
The main features of realizing the energy categories in scientific short texts
of both genres are determined. There is also described how the energy
categories and their realizing features influence the perception of texts by
receivers for whom the articles are in the foreign language.
Knowledge of palliative care and attitudes towards nursing the dying patient
Authors: Wilson Olivia , Avalos Gloria , Dowling Maura 
Published: June 2016

Aims: This study examines the palliative care knowledge and attitudes towards caring for the dying patient of nurses working in care of older people settings in one rural region in Ireland. Design: A cross-sectional survey design was used combining two questionnaires: the palliative care quiz for nurses (PCQN) and the thanatophobia scale (TS). Results: A total of 61 nurses completed the questionnaire. There was a significant correlation found between level of knowledge and attitudes towards palliative care (p=0.007), highlighting that as participants' level of palliative care knowledge increased, attitudes become more positive. While palliative care training did not impact on the mean overall scores, there was a significant difference in the PCQN scores of those who had completed the European Certificate in Essential Palliative Care (ECEPC) compared with those who had attended information sessions within their unit. Furthermore, increasing years as a registered nurse improved palliative care knowledge and attitudes towards caring for the dying. Conclusion: Nurses who completed the ECEPC had better knowledge of palliative care when compared with nurses who had not undertaken the programme. This article also considers areas of focus for palliative care training.
Feminist aesthetics: Representing women in contemporary Chinese art
Authors: Yang Su 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This writing accompanies Su Yang’s practice as research work, consisting of a series of paintings exploring questions of beauty and cosmetic surgery amongst Chinese women. Her research aims to investigate the influences on representation of women in contemporary Chinese art from feminist perspectives. Her Ph.D. study focuses specifically on the representation of the female form, how it reflects changing notions of beauty and how the achievement of ideal beauty, through forms of unnecessary harmful nontherapeutic cosmetic surgery is achieved. Her wider research also includes a study as to the nature and impact of feminist art in contemporary Chinese art.
Somatic and inclusive practice perspectives on developing an iPad application for choreography
Authors: Ashley Tamara 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The article offers insight into somatic perspectives that have informed the design of a software application for the iPad. Entitled formXtended, the app is designed to extend the compositional imaginations of users, by engaging them in choreographic tasks that integrate movement, sound and image. The project sought to develop an approach to software design that engaged with principles of inclusion and accessibility for disabled and non-disabled users. The article offers insight into some of the questions and issues addressed by the team in their endeavour to create inclusive app-based activities. The discussion articulates how somatic principles informed both app design stage and in the testing phase with young people, which led to further refinements in the app design. The somatic dimensions of the formXtended project are situated within a larger and more complex collaboration between arts organization, dancedigital, software company, Moviestorm and research partner, University of Bedfordshire.
[h]interland: Shobana Jeyasingh’s ‘undoing of location’ and the rearrangement of colonial space
Authors: Argade Jyoti 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Shobana Jeyasingh’s [h]interland marks a pivotal moment for digital dance in the early 2000s through its use of live webcast technology. Set in Greenwich Borough Hall, less than a mile from the Prime Meridian – a vestigial signification of the British Empire’s proclamation as the centre of the world – [h]interland navigates the tensions of urban sites through a restless contemporary hybridization of bharata natyam and ballet against live and pre-recorded projections of Bangalore. Through its splintered mediations of space, time and classical movement vernaculars, I argue that [h]interland shapes a radical cosmopolitanism built from layers of otherness and contoured through the mutuality of dance forms, the migration across cities, and the ‘real’ and ‘imagined’ borders between colonial locations.
Study of the effect of formulation variables on the characteristics of combination tablets containing enalapril maleate and indapamide as active substances using experimental design
Authors: Szabó Zoltán-István , Székely-Szentmiklósi Blanka , Deák Boglárka , Székely-Szentmiklósi István , Kovács Béla , Zöldi Katalin , Sipos Emese 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
To evaluate the influence of different variables on tablet formulations containing enalapril maleate and indapamide as active substances, two separate experimental designs were employed: one for evaluating powder properties and the other for tablet characteristics. Because of the low active pharmaceutical ingredient content, it was hypothesized that both powder and tablet properties could be determined only by the characteristics of excipients. In order to test this assumption, both experimental designs were done with placebo mixtures. The optimized formulation was then evaluated both with and without APIs. Results indicated that filler and lubricant percentage, along with compression force, were the most important variables during the formulation study. The optimized formulation showed similar characteristics in both cases for all responses, except for angle of repose and friability where only minor differences were observed. The combination of the applied approaches (using placebo composition and fractional experimental design) proved to be efficient, cost effective and time saving.
Development of an ANN optimized mucoadhesive buccal tablet containing flurbiprofen and lidocaine for dental pain
Authors: Hussain Amjad , Syed Muhammad Ali , Abbas Nasir , Hanif Sana , Arshad Muhammad Sohail , Bukhari Nadeem Irfan , Hussain Khalid , Akhlaq Muhammad , Ahmad Zeeshan 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A novel mucoadhesive buccal tablet containing flurbiprofen (FLB) and lidocaine HCl (LID) was prepared to relieve dental pain. Tablet formulations (F1-F9) were prepared using variable quantities of mucoadhesive agents, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and sodium alginate (SA). The formulations were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, mucoadhesive strength and mucoadhesion time, swellability index and in vitro release of active agents. Release of both drugs depended on the relative ratio of HPMC:SA. However, mucoadhesive strength and mucoadhesion time were better in formulations, containing higher proportions of HPMC compared to SA. An artificial neural network (ANN) approach was applied to optimise formulations based on known effective parameters (i.e., mucoadhesive strength, mucoadhesion time and drug release), which proved valuable. This study indicates that an effective buccal tablet formulation of flurbiprofen and lidocaine can be prepared via an optimized ANN approach.
Effect of rutin from tartary buckwheat sprout on serum glucose-lowering in animal model of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Lee Dong-Gi , Jang Ik Soon , Yang Kyeong Eun , Yoon So-Jung , Baek Sujeong , Lee Joo Yong , Suzuki Tatsuro , Chung Keun-Yook , Woo Sun-Hee , Choi Jong-Soon 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This study investigates the anti-diabetic effects of rutin from tartary buckwheat sprout in type 2 diabetes mouse model. The rutin content in tartary buckwheat sprout (TBS) is five times higher than that found in common buckwheat sprout (CBS) as evident from high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Administration of either rutin or TBS ethanolic extract to diabetes mice decreased the serum glucose level significantly. Rutin down-regulated the expression levels of protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B; it is negative regulator of insulin pathway, both transcriptionally and translationally in myocyte C2C12 in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, rutin can play a critical role in down-regulation of serum glucose level in type 2 diabetes.
Sensorless compensation system for thermal deformations of ball screws in machine tools drives
Authors: Kowal Michał 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The article presents constructional, technological and operational issues associated with the compensation of thermal deformations of ball screw drives. Further, it demonstrates the analysis of a new sensorless compensation method relying on coordinated computation of data fed directly from the drive and the control system in combination with the information pertaining to the operational history of the servo drive, retrieved with the use of an artificial neural networks (ANN)-based learning system. Preliminary ANN-based models, developed to simulate energy dissipation resulting from the friction in the screw-cap assembly and convection of heat are expounded upon, as are the processes of data selection and ANN learning. In conclusion, the article presents the results of simulation studies and preliminary experimental evidence confirming the applicability of the proposed method, efficiently compensating for the thermal elongation of the ball screw in machine tool drives.
Immortality in Empedocles
Authors: Long Alex 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe paper examines Empedocles’ attributions of immortality. I argue that Empedocles does not withhold immortality from the gods but rather has an unorthodox conception of what immortality is. Immortality does not mean, or imply, endless duration. A god’s immortality is its continuity, as one and the same organism, over a long but finite period. This conception of divine immortality then influences Empedocles’ other attributions of immortality, each of which marks a contrast with discontinuity, real or apparent. The nature of this contrast varies from context to context, and there is considerable heterogeneity in the list of immortal items. On the other hand, the attribution of immortality never implies that the item is completely changeless.
Accuracy Assessment of Geostationary-Earth-Orbit with Simplified Perturbations Models
Authors: Ma Lihua , Xu Xiaojun , Pang Feng 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A two-line element set (TLE) is a data format encoding orbital elements of an Earth-orbiting object for a given epoch. Using suitable prediction formula, the motion state of the object can be obtained at any time. The TLE data representation is specific to the simplified perturbations models, so any algorithm using a TLE as a data source must implement one of these models to correctly compute the state at a specific time. Accurately adjustment of antenna direction on the earth station is the key to satellite communications. With the TLE set topocentric elevation and azimuth direction angles can be calculated. The accuracy of perturbations models directly affect communication signal quality. Therefore, finding the error variations of the satellite orbits is really meaningful. In this present paper, the authors investigate the accuracy of the Geostationary-Earth-Orbit (GEO) with simplified perturbations models. The coordinate residuals of the simplified perturbations models in this paper can give references for engineers to predict the satellite orbits with TLE.
New High-Precision Values of the Geodetic Rotation of the Major Planets, Pluto, the Moon and the Sun
Authors: Pashkevich V.V. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This investigation is continuation of our studies of the geodetic (relativistic) rotation of the Solar system bodies (Eroshkin and Pashkevich, 2007) and (Eroshkin and Pashkevich, 2009). For each body (the Moon, the Sun, the major planets and Pluto) the files of the values of the components of the angular velocity of the geodetic rotation are constructed over the time span from AD1000 to AD3000 with one day spacing, by using DE422/LE422 ephemeris (Folkner, 2011), with respect to the proper coordinate systems of the bodies (Seidelmann et al., 2005). For the first time in the perturbing terms of the physical librations for the Moon and in Euler angles for other bodies of the Solar system the most essential terms of the geodetic rotation are found by means of the least squares method and spectral analysis methods.
Geometric Aspects of Ground Augmentation of Satellite Networks for the Needs of Deformation Monitoring
Authors: Protaziuk Elżbieta 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Satellite measurements become competitive in many tasks of engineering surveys, however, in many requiring applications possibilities to apply such solutions are still limited. The possibility to widely apply satellite technologies for displacements measurements is related with new challenges; the most important of them relate to increasing requirements concerning the accuracy, reliability and continuity of results of position determination. One of the solutions is a ground augmentation of satellite network, which intention is to improve precision of positioning, ensure comparable accuracy of coordinates and reduce precision fluctuations over time. The need for augmentation of GNSS is particularly significant in situations: where the visibility of satellites is poor because of terrain obstacles, when the determined position is not precise enough or a satellites constellation does not allow for reliable positioning. Ground based source/sources of satellite signal placed at a ground, called pseudosatellites, or pseudolites were intensively investigated during the last two decades and finally were developed into groundbased, time-synchronized transceivers, that can transmit and receive a proprietary positioning signal. The paper presents geometric aspects of the ground based augmentation of the satellite networks using various quality measures of positioning geometry, which depends on access to the constellation of satellites and the conditions of the observation environment. The issue of minimizing these measures is the key problem that allows to obtain the position with high accuracy. For this purpose, the use of an error ellipsoid is proposed and compared with an error ellipse. The paper also describes the results of preliminary accuracy analysis obtained at test area and a comparison of various measures of the quality of positioning geometry.