bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Different Histologic Classifications in the Degree of Differentiation in Endometrial Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Silva-Filho Agnaldo L. , Xavier Érica B.S. , Cândido Eduardo B. , Macarenco Ricardo , Ferreira Márcia C.F. , Xavier Marcelo A.P. , Maciel Rayra A.M. , Vidigal Paula V.T. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose To evaluate the concordance among the available histologic classifications for endometrial adenocarcinoma using interobserver and intraobserver agreement as well as the association of tumor histologic degree in the above mentioned classifications with cellular proliferation measured by Ki-67. Methods Seventy women who underwent surgical treatment of endometrial adenocarcinoma with histologic confirmation of endometrioid type were included in the study. Two experienced pathologists randomly analyzed the slides in 3 distinct timeframes with a maximum of 25 slides/timeframe. Tumor slides were classified according to the degree of differentiation using 4 different classifications: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), modified FIGO, Lax, and Alkushi. Results Intraobserver agreement was reasonable for classification of FIGO (k 0.469 and 0.538), very good for modified FIGO (k 0.661 and 0.768), moderate for Lax classification (k 0.496 and 0.466), and moderate/good for Alkushi classification (k 0.528 and 0.736). Interobserver concordance was regular for FIGO classification (k = 0.271 and 0.343), good/moderate for modified FIGO classification (k = 0.661 and 0.522, respectively), regular/moderate for Lax classification (k = 0.258 and 0.465, respectively), and regular for Alkushi classification (k = 0.283 and 0.402). Conclusions The prognostic value of histologic grading in endometrial carcinoma and its importance for a successful therapeutic plan have been documented repeatedly, but the best grading system, in terms of prognostication, reproducibility, ease of use, and universality (e.g., applicability to all tumor cell types), has not been unequivocally defined.
Analysis of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics, Treatment Methods, Survival, and Prognosis of Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma
Authors: Solmaz Ulas , Ekin Atalay , Mat Emre , Gezer Cenk , Dogan Askin , Biler Alper , Peker Nuri , Hasdemir Pinar Solmaz , Sanci Muzaffer 
Published: August 2016

Purpose Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is an atypical variant of endometrial carcinoma with a poor prognosis. It is commonly associated with an increased risk of extrauterine disease. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and pathological characteristics, therapeutic methods, and prognostic factors in women with UPSC. Methods All patients who underwent surgery for UPSC at a single high-volume cancer center between January 1995 and December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who did not undergo surgical staging and those with mixed tumor histology were excluded. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to identify the risk factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results A total of 46 patients were included, the majority of whom having stage I disease (IA, 13 [28.2%] and IB, 12 [26.7%]). Stages II, III, and IV were identified in 5 (10.9%), 8 (17.4%), and 8 (17.4%) women, respectively. Optimal cytoreduction was obtained in 67.3% of patients. Recurrences developed in 8 (17.4%) patients. Multivariate analysis confirmed that lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) (odds ratio [OR] 26.83, p = 0.003) was the only independent prognostic factor for OS, whereas LVSI and optimal cytoreduction were found to be independent prognostic factors for PFS (OR 6.91, p = 0.013 and OR 2.69, p = 0.037, respectively). The 5-year overall survival rate was 63%. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that LVSI is the only independent prognostic factor for OS, whereas LVSI and optimal cytoreduction are independent prognostic factors for PFS in patients with UPSC
Variation in Hospital Utilization at the end of Life for Patients with Cancer in the Emilia-Romagna Region of Italy
Authors: Louis Daniel Z. , Hegarty Sarah E. , Leoni Maurizio , De Palma Rossana , Varga Stefan , Melotti Rita 
Published: August 2016

Introduction Despite the preference of many patients to die at home, high proportions of patients with advanced cancer undergo major procedures, receive intensive care, and die in the hospital. The goal of this study is to examine variation in hospital utilization and site of death for patients dying with poor-prognosis cancer in the Regione Emilia-Romagna (RER), Italy. Methods We conducted a retrospective, population-level study using administrative data. Patients were included if they died in 2012 and had at least one hospital admission for metastatic or poor-prognosis cancer within 180 days of death. Variations in the use of the hospital, intensive care, and procedures performed were evaluated. Results 11,470 patients died with metastatic or poor-prognosis cancer in 2012. Seventy-eight percent of patients were hospitalized in the last month of life while 50.7% of patients died in the hospital. Results varied by local health authority from 38.3% to 69.3%. Of patients who had an ICU stay, 55.1% in the community hospitals and 59.8% in the teaching hospitals were admitted to the ICU on the day of death or the day before death. 7.5% of patients underwent a major procedure in the last 30 days of life. Conclusions The overall high rate, and substantial variation, in hospital care at the end of life offers the RER the opportunity to evaluate if increasing availability of palliative care, along with provider and patient education, could reduce utilization of high-cost hospital care and increase patient and family satisfaction.
Factors Related to Treatment Outcomes in Low-risk Gestational Neoplasia
Authors: Turkmen Osman , Basaran Derman , Karalok Alper , Kimyon Gunsu Comert , Tasci Tolga , Ureyen Isin , Tulunay Gokhan , Turan Taner 
Published: August 2016

Objective To define the factors associated with methotrexate (MTX) resistance in patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Methods A total of 63 patients with low-risk GTN according to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) criteria were included. A total of 37 (58.7%) patients were treated with successive doses of 1 mg/kg intramuscular (IM) MTX on days 1, 3, 5, and 7, and 0.1 mg/kg IM folinic acid (FA) on days 2, 4, 6, and 8, until β-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels were normalized. After the β-hCG value dropped to the normal level, an additional cycle of MTX/FA was administered. This protocol is defined as the standard protocol. In a watchful waiting protocol, the same 8-day IM MTX/FA regimen was given only once (n = 8) or twice (n = 18) to 26 (41.3%) patients and patients in whom β-hCG values declined were subjected to follow-up and no additional cycles were administered as long as there was a decrease in β-hCG value. Clinical response and factors affecting therapeutic outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of 63 patients, 47 (74.3%) were cured with primary MTX/FA treatment irrespective of any protocol. Of the 16 patients who were not able to be treated with primary MTX/FA, 3 were treated with single-agent actinomycin-D and 11 were treated with multi-agent chemotherapy. Univariate analysis showed that a pretreatment β-hCG level of ≥5000 IU/L was related to reduced therapeutic response (p = 0.001). The FIGO score, antecedent gestational pathology, and treatment with standard or watchful waiting protocol were not related to treatment response. Conclusions The level of β-hCG prior to therapy is an important factor for predicting therapeutic outcomes. It should be noted that the success of the therapy decreases notably in case of high β-hCG level.
Effect of Different Timings of the Day on Semen and Calcium and Magnesium in It
Authors: Valsa James , Skandhan Kalanghot P. , Sumangala Balakrishnan , Amith Skandhan , Skandhan Avni Kalanghot P. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose The study was conducted to understand the effect of time of the day on semen parameters as well as on the level of two electrolytes, calcium and magnesium, in it. Methods A total number of 27 normal healthy adults submitted 156 ejaculates during six different fixed timings of the day on six different occasions. Results A significant observation was that semen quality was superior in terms of total sperm count percentage and active motility at 0000 hours. A second peak was seen at 0800 hours. Calcium and magnesium level in seminal plasma was maximum at 0000 hours. No significant difference was observed in case of spermatozoa elements among different timings. Conclusions The study showed that probably the release as well as the quality of sample was dependent on blood androgen.
História na Base Nacional Comum Curricular: déjà vu e novos dilemas no século XXI
Authors: Moreno Jean Carlos 
Published: August 2016

<p>O presente artigo é fruto da mesa redonda “Base Nacional Comum Curricular”, realizada na abertura da III Jornada Paranaense PIBID/PET de História, na Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), no dia 27 de novembro de 2015. O debate teve por objetivo contextualizar o processo de discussão da Base Nacional e tecer considerações a respeito do texto preliminar apresentado ao público em setembro de 2015. O texto preliminar, neste artigo e na mesa redonda, foi analisado do ponto de vista da seleção de conteúdos, da progressão, dos conceitos e da concepção de aprendizagem, buscando reforçar o papel do Ensino de História como mediador semiótico dos juízos morais que, situados socioculturalmente, orientam as ações humanas no mundo.</p>
Advocatuur in strafrecht en herstelrecht
Authors: Blad John 
Published: August 2016

An exploration of the role of legal counsel in Criminal Justice and in Restorative Justice
The author first describes the deontological axioma for the role of the defense counsel in the domain of criminal procedure. Since here the most serious charges are brought against a suspect, who may have all his life-perspectives to lose by severe punishments, the duty of the legal counsel is to be as one-sided in the defense of his clients views and interests as possible and as allowed by professional ethics. He is the guardian of the legitimate interests of the suspect in the context of a legal battle in or out of court about the legal truth of what is said to have happened. In view of the ideals of restorative justice (illustrated by references to Nils Christies Conflicts as property) a new set of rules and customs should be developed that can function as a framework of ‘restorative procedural law’. In the context of restorative justice legal counsel of both the suspect and the victim should be expected and able to function much more as ‘restorative coaches’, seeking co-operation and deliberation between all stakeholders. But, should clients – suspects and victims alike – decide against such an approach and want ‘their day in court’ this should also be possible and be realised. The independent courts should always remain the ultimate refuge for those seeking justice.
Jeugdadvocaten en herstelbemiddeling
Authors: Van der Mussele Eric 
Published: August 2016

Lawyers for youth and mediation
In this article the author gives insight in the tasks of a lawyer in mediation for minors. In the first part of his contribution he describes the legal framework, giving an overview of all relevant existing national and international legislation on children’s rights. Subsequently he describes the different tasks a lawyer has to attend in all stages of the mediation.
Advocaten bij politieverhoor en doorverwijzen naar mediation: twee vliegen in één klap
Authors: Spigt Jaap 
Published: August 2016

Lawyers during police interrogations and referrals to mediation: two birds with one stone
In his contribution the author points out that the right to legal assistance during police interrogations offers a wonderful opportunity to pay attention to the possibility of mediation and to ensure that the interrogating police officer abides Article 51h of the Dutch Code of Criminal Procedure.
Diagnóstico diferencial de dengue y chikungunya en pacientes pediátricos
Authors: Calvo Eliana Patricia , Coronel-Ruiz Carolina , Velazco Syrley , Velandia-Romero Myriam , Castellanos Jaime E. 
Published: August 2016

<p><strong>Introducción.</strong> Las infecciones por el virus del dengue y del chikungunya presentan síntomas clínicos similares, lo cual dificulta el diagnóstico clínico. Además, son transmitidas por los mismos vectores, por lo que en una región puede haber circulación e infección simultánea con los dos virus. Los resultados de cada enfermedad, no obstante, son diferentes: la fiebre del chikungunya rara vez es fatal, pero puede dejar secuelas de tipo articular y neurológico, en tanto que el dengue es potencialmente fatal. De ahí la importancia de un diagnóstico preciso y oportuno.<br /><strong>Objetivo.</strong> Comparar el diagnóstico presuntivo basado en los hallazgos clínicos con el diagnóstico diferencial hecho mediante pruebas de laboratorio.<br /><strong>Materiales y métodos.</strong> Se utilizaron pruebas virológicas y serológicas específicas para dengue y chikungunya en ocho muestras de sangre de pacientes pediátricos con síndrome febril. Se empleó la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa para detectar los virus del dengue y del chikungunya y el método de ELISA basado en la captura de IgM para confirmar los casos de dengue.<br /><strong>Resultados.</strong> Con base en los hallazgos clínicos, dos pacientes se clasificaron como casos probables de dengue o chikungunya, dos como casos probables de chikungunya y en cuatro no hubo diagnóstico presuntivo de infección viral. Las pruebas de laboratorio confirmaron la infección por el virus del dengue en dos pacientes, por el virus del chikungunya en otros dos e infección simultánea de dengue y chikungunya en los cuatro restantes.<br /><strong>Conclusión.</strong> Los hallazgos clínicos no fueron suficientes para hacer un diagnóstico en pacientes pediátricos con síndrome febril, por lo cual se requirieron pruebas específicas de laboratorio para establecer con precisión el agente etiológico causante de la enfermedad.</p><p> </p>
Partitioning uncertainty in ocean carbon uptake projections: Internal variability, emission scenario, and model structure
Authors: Lovenduski Nicole S. , McKinley Galen A. , Fay Amanda R. , Lindsay Keith , Long Matthew C. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe quantify and isolate the sources of projection uncertainty in annual‐mean sea‐air CO2 flux over the period 2006–2080 on global and regional scales using output from two sets of ensembles with the Community Earth System Model (CESM) and models participating in the 5th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). For annual‐mean, globally‐integrated sea‐air CO2 flux, uncertainty grows with prediction lead time and is primarily attributed to uncertainty in emission scenario. At the regional scale of the California Current System, we observe relatively high uncertainty that is nearly constant for all prediction lead times, and is dominated by internal climate variability and model structure, respectively in the CESM and CMIP5 model suites. Analysis of CO2 flux projections over 17 biogeographical biomes reveals a spatially heterogenous pattern of projection uncertainty. On the biome scale, uncertainty is driven by a combination of internal climate variability and model structure, with emission scenario emerging as the dominant source for long projection lead times in both modeling suites.
Discrepant estimates of primary and export production from satellite algorithms, a biogeochemical model, and geochemical tracer measurements in the North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Palevsky Hilary I. , Quay Paul D. , Nicholson David P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractEstimates of primary and export production (PP and EP) based on satellite remote sensing algorithms and global biogeochemical models are widely used to provide year‐round global coverage not available from direct observations. However, observational data to validate these approaches are limited. We find that no single satellite algorithm or model can reproduce seasonal and annual geochemically determined PP, export efficiency (EP/PP), and EP rates throughout the North Pacific basin, based on comparisons throughout the full annual cycle at time series stations in the subarctic and subtropical gyres and basin‐wide regions sampled by container ship transects. The high‐latitude regions show large PP discrepancies in winter and spring and strong effects of deep winter mixed layers on annual EP that cannot be accounted for in current satellite‐based approaches. These results underscore the need to evaluate satellite‐ and model‐based estimates using multiple productivity parameters measured over broad ocean regions throughout the annual cycle.
Contrasting effects of urbanization and agriculture on surface temperature in eastern China
Authors: Zhou Decheng , Li Dan , Sun Ge , Zhang Liangxia , Liu Yongqiang , Hao Lu 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe combined effect of urbanization and agriculture, two most pervasive land use activities, on the surface climate remains poorly understood. Using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer data over 2010–2015 and forests as reference, we showed that urbanization warmed the land surface temperature (LST), especially during the daytime and in growing seasons (maximized at 5.0 ± 2.0°C in May), whereas agriculture (dominated by double‐cropping system) cooled the LST in two growing seasons during the daytime and all the months but July during the nighttime in Jiangsu Province, eastern China. Collectively, they had insignificant effects on the LST during the day (−0.01°C) and cooled the LST by −0.6°C at night. We also found large geographic variations associated with their thermal effects, indicated by a warming tendency southward. These spatiotemporal patterns depend strongly on vegetation activity, evapotranspiration, surface albedo, and the background climate. Our results emphasize the great potential of agriculture in offsetting the heating effects caused by rapid urbanization in China.
A cold‐wet middle‐latitude environment on Mars during the Hesperian‐Amazonian transition: Evidence from northern Arabia valleys and paleolakes
Authors: Wilson Sharon A. , Howard Alan D. , Moore Jeffrey M. , Grant John A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe growing inventory of post‐Noachian fluvial valleys may represent a late, widespread episode of aqueous activity on Mars, contrary to the paradigm that fluvial activity largely ceased around the Noachian‐Hesperian boundary. Fresh shallow valleys (FSVs) are widespread from ~30 to 45° in both hemispheres with a high concentration in northern Arabia Terra. Valleys in northern Arabia Terra characteristically start abruptly on steeper slopes and terminate in topographic depressions at elevations corresponding to model‐predicted lake levels. Longer valley systems flowed into and out of chains of paleolakes. Minimum discharges based on the dimensions of the incised channel assuming medium to coarse sand‐size grains ranges from tens to hundreds of m3 s−1, respectively, consistent with formation via snowmelt from surface or sub‐ice flows. Hydrologic calculations indicate the valleys likely formed in hundreds of years or less, and crater statistics constrain the timing of fluvial activity to between the Hesperian and middle Amazonian. Several craters with channels extending radially outward supports evidence for overflow of interior crater lakes possibly fed by groundwater. Most FSVs occur away from young impact craters which make an association with impact processes improbable. The widespread occurrence of FSVs along with their similar morphology and shared modest state of degradation is consistent with most forming during a global interval of favorable climate, perhaps contemporaneous with alluvial fan formation in equatorial and midlatitudes. Evidence for a snowmelt‐based hydrology and considerable depths of water on the landscape in Arabia supports a cold, wet, and possibly habitable environment late in Martian history.
MEMS‐based LC tank with extended tuning range for multiband applications
Authors: Cazzorla A. , Farinelli P. , Urbani L. , Sorrentino R. , Margesin B. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper presents the modeling, simulations, and measurements of a compact multiband microelectromechanical (MEMS)‐based LC tank resonator suitable for low phase noise voltage‐controlled oscillators (VCOs). The resonator is based on a high‐Q spiral inductor and high capacitance ratio varicap fully integrated in FBK‐irst (Fondazione Bruno Kessler) MEMS manufacturing process. The design of the varicap is based on double‐actuation mechanism with a mechanical central bond that inhibits the pull‐in allowing for a theoretically infinite tuning ratio. The measurements have shown a total not continuous capacitance ratio (Cr) of 5.2 with a continuous variation of the capacitance values in the range 225 fF–600 fF which corresponds to a continuous capacitance ratio (Cr*) of 2.6. The performance repeatability, the power‐handling capability, and the stability over time were tested on 10 samples showing a negligible variation of the capacitance values. The spiral inductor consists of a suspended gold membrane thick 5 µm in a circular shape which was modeled in order to optimize the quality factor (Q) in the frequency range 2–4 GHz. The measurement results show a Q of about 55 in the 2–4 GHz frequency band. The LC tank measurements show an overall tuning range better than of 45% in the 3.2–4.9 GHz frequency band, consisting of two continuous tuning ranges of 7.5% and 25%. The LC tank allowed the design of MEMS‐based voltage‐controlled oscillators (VCOs) with an overall tuning better than 60% in the frequency range 2.15 GHz–3.85 GHz and two separate regions of continuous tuning range. The VCO prototype will be fabricated on Surface Mount Technology on RO4350 laminate. The main figures of merit are presented in comparison with the state of the art.
Controllable Formation of Zinc Oxide Micro‐ and Nanostructures via DUV Direct Patterning
Authors: Yeh Chun‐Cheng , Liu Hung‐Chuan , Chuang Ming‐Yen , Denzer Joseph , Berling Dominique , Zan Hsiao‐Wen , Soppera Olivier 
Published: August 2016

Various kinds of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures, such as ZnO nanowires, ZnO nanobelts, ZnO nanosheets, and ZnO nanorods are promising building blocks for nanoscale systems. However, to precisely control the size, shape, and to make a controlled assembly of synthesized ZnO nanostructures are major difficulties in the development of bottom‐up devices. To overcome the challenge regarding reproducibility and positioning, a new method is proposed, deep ultra‐violet (DUV) direct photo‐patterning, to create ZnO micro‐ and nanostructures.A sol–gel formulation sensitive to DUV light and based on zinc methacrylate precursor is developed, and the photoreactions of zinc methacrylate under DUV light are carefully investigated by in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry, in situ FTIR, and XPS analysis. Then, the sol–gel solution is used as a negative tone resist in DUV lithography to evaluate its performance in producing high‐resolution patterns. The results indicate that small patterns from micro‐ to nanoscale can be obtained in a simple and direct way.