bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probiotic Properties of Lactobacilluscasei and L. plantarum Isolated From Overripe Avocado Pear
Authors: Umunna Victoria Chinaza , Umeh Sophina Ogonna , Udemezue Onyekachukwu Izuchukwu , Onyekachi Chibuenyim Ruth , Okafor Chibuike Emmanuel 
Published: September 2024

Probiotics have been researched for their benefit to gut health. Research for sources of probiotic bacteria has moved from milk to plants, as they have been found to be an inexhaustible source of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Over ripe Avocado pear on selected bacterial species were assessed. Fifty Unripe Avocado pears were purchased from different markets and allowed to ferment. Enumeration of the microorganisms and pure culture isolation were done on MRS agar supplemented with1.0% CaCO3 at 37 oC for 48 hours; using the pour plate and streak plate methods respectively. The isolates were identified based on their microscopic, macroscopic, biochemical and molecular characteristics. They include Lactobacillus casei and L. plantarum. LAB isolates were tested for their phenol tolerance, bile salt tolerance, acid tolerance and antimicrobial activity. All the isolates were tolerant to simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Growth of the isolates was observed at different temperature between 15 oC to 60 oC. They exhibited tolerance to phenol ranging from 0.085±0.01% to 2.40±0.02%. Tolerance to bile salt ranged from 1.06x101± 0.96x101 to 3.04x103±1.15x102. The acid tolerance level of the LAB obtained ranged from 2.98x102±1.30x102 to 8.78x102±2.22x102. Agar-well diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacterial species. The test showed that the isolates were susceptible to the LAB isolates as zones of inhibition were observed. The inhibition zones diameter obtained ranged from 8.35±1.34mm to 13.77±2.21mm. Avocado pear, asides from their high nutritional content, also have the potential to serve as source of probiotic bacteria.
A Review on Molecular Mechanism of Plant Immunity against Fungal Pathogens
Authors: Choudhary Sushila , Prasanna Narsing Laxmi , S Ashwini , Nigam Rashmi , Kumar Sanjay , Rathor Sachin Kumar , D Gireesha , M Arvind 
Published: September 2024

The molecular mechanisms of plant immunity, with a particular focus on how plants defend themselves against fungal pathogens. Plant immunity is a complex, multi-layered system involving pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), which together form a robust defense against a wide array of pathogens. Advances in genomics and transcriptomics have significantly enhanced our understanding of these immune mechanisms by identifying key resistance (R) genes and uncovering the transcriptional networks that regulate immune responses. Proteomics and metabolomics further elucidate the functional aspects of immunity, revealing how proteins and metabolites are mobilized during pathogen attack. The advent of gene editing technologies, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, has opened new avenues for enhancing plant immunity by enabling precise modifications of genes associated with disease resistance. The ever-evolving nature of fungal pathogens, driven by genetic diversity and environmental changes, poses ongoing challenges. Emerging pathogens and the breakdown of existing resistance in crops underscore the need for durable resistance strategies, which can be achieved through the pyramiding of multiple R genes, susceptibility gene knockouts, and the harnessing of beneficial plant microbiomes. As climate change exacerbates the spread and virulence of fungal pathogens, developing climate-resilient crops that can withstand both abiotic stresses and pathogen pressures is becoming increasingly important. Future research should prioritize understanding the molecular dynamics of plant-pathogen interactions, leveraging new technologies for crop improvement, and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration to address these challenges. Ultimately, translating these scientific advances into practical applications will be crucial for ensuring global food security and sustainable agricultural systems in the face of mounting environmental and biological threats.
Estimating the magnetization distribution within rectangular rock samples
Authors: Reis A. L. A. , Oliveira V. C. , Yokoyama E. , Bruno A. C. , Pereira J. M. B. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOver the last decades, scanning magnetic microscopy techniques have been increasingly used in paleomagnetism and rock magnetism. Different from standard paleomagnetic magnetometers, scanning magnetic microscopes produce high‐resolution maps of the vertical component of the magnetic induction field (flux density) on a plane located over the sample. These high‐resolution magnetic maps can be used for estimating the magnetization distribution within a rock sample by inversion. Previous studies have estimated the magnetization distribution within rock samples by inverting the magnetic data measured on a single plane above the sample. Here we present a new spatial domain method for inverting the magnetic induction measured on four planes around the sample in order to retrieve its internal magnetization distribution. We have presumed that the internal magnetization distribution of the sample varies along one of its axes. Our method approximates the sample geometry by an interpretation model composed of a one‐dimensional array of juxtaposed rectangular prisms with uniform magnetization. The Cartesian components of the magnetization vector within each rectangular prism are the parameters to be estimated by solving a linear inverse problem. Our method automatically deals with the averaging of the measured magnetic data due to the finite size of the magnetic sensor, preventing the application of a deconvolution before the inversion. Tests with synthetic data show the performance of our method in retrieving complex magnetization distributions even in the presence of magnetization heterogeneities. Moreover, they show the advantage of inverting the magnetic data on four planes around the sample and how this new acquisition scheme improves the estimated magnetization distribution within the rock sample. We have also applied our method to invert experimentally measured magnetic data produced by a highly magnetized synthetic sample that was manufactured in the laboratory. The results show that even in the presence of apparent position noise, our method was able to retrieve the magnetization distribution consistent with the isothermal remanent magnetization induced in the sample.
Storm time impulsive enhancements of energetic oxygen due to adiabatic acceleration of preexisting warm oxygen in the inner magnetosphere
Authors: Keika Kunihiro , Seki Kanako , Nosé Masahito , Machida Shinobu , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Lanzerotti Louis J. , Mitchell Donald G. , Gkioulidou Matina , Turner Drew , Spence Harlan , Larsen Brian A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe examine enhancements of energetic (>50 keV) oxygen ions observed by the Radiation Belt Storm Probes Ion Composition Experiment (RBSPICE) instrument on board the Van Allen Probes spacecraft in the inner magnetosphere (L ~ 6) at 22–23 h magnetic local time (MLT) during an injection event of the 6 June 2013 storm. Simultaneous observations by two Van Allen Probes spacecraft located close together (~0.5 RE) indicate that particle injections occurred in the premidnight sector (< ~24 h MLT). We also examine the evolution of the proton and oxygen energy spectra at L ~ 6 during the injection event. The spectral slope did not significantly change during the storm. The oxygen phase space density (PSD) was shifted toward higher PSD in a wide range of the first adiabatic invariant. The spectral evolution manifests the characteristics of adiabatic acceleration and density increase of oxygen ions. Warm (0.1–10 keV) oxygen measured by the Helium, Oxygen, Proton, and Electron (HOPE) instrument was enhanced prior to the storm mostly in magnetic field‐aligned directions. The most reasonable scenario of this event is that warm oxygen ions that preexisted in the inner magnetosphere were picked up and adiabatically transported and accelerated by spatially localized, temporarily impulsive electric fields.
Application of Imine Reductases (IREDs) in Micro‐Aqueous Reaction Systems
Authors: Maugeri Zaira , Rother Dörte 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHere we present the applicability of different imine reductases (IREDs) in micro‐aqueous reaction systems. Subjects of the study were the IREDs from Streptomyces aurantiacus (SaIR), Streptomyces sp. GF3587 (RGF3587IR), Streptomyces kanamyceticus (SkIR), Streptomyces ipomoeae 91‐03 (SiIR), Streptomyces sp. GF3546 (SGF3546IR), and Paenibacillus elgii B69 (PeIR). The IREDs were overexpressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells and used directly after lyophilization. Several organic solvents and buffer amounts were screened for the reduction of the two substrates β‐carboline harmane and 1‐methyl‐3,4‐dihydroisoquinoline to the corresponding amines. Cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) proved to be the best solvent choice for the envisaged reduction. In addition, CPME is currently referred to as an environmentally benign solvent. Optimized reaction conditions were applied to 20 mM of the hardly water soluble substrates, leading to good conversions (up to 96%) and excellent enantiomeric excesses (>99%) in the best cases. The use of micro‐aqueous reaction systems opens the way to further applications of IREDs with hardly water soluble substrates.magnified image
Concise Asymmetric Total Synthesis of ent‐Ancistrocladinium A
Authors: Kim Kyung‐Hee , Cheon Cheol‐Hong 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAn asymmetric total synthesis of ent‐ancistrocladinium A was developed via chiral phosphoric acid‐catalyzed asymmetric reductive amination of 1‐aryl‐2‐propanone and naphthylamine followed by a Bischler–Napieralski reaction. Direct use of the naphthyl moiety in the amine as a key building block in the natural product allowed us to achieve the total synthesis of ancistrocladinium A in only three steps from the known starting materials.magnified image
Decarboxylative (4+1) Oxidative Annulation of Malonate Monoesters with 2‐Vinylpyridine Derivatives
Authors: Tang Shan , Gao Xinlong , Lei Aiwen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel N‐iodosuccinimide‐mediated decarboxylative (4+1) oxidative annulation between 2‐vinylpyridine derivatives and malonate monoesters was developed. It offers a new way to construct indolizine derivatives by utilizing malonate monoesters as a C1 unit. The alkyl 2,2‐diiodoacetate was found to be the active reaction intermediate during the transformation.magnified image
Cross‐Linked Sodium Alginate‐g‐poly(Acrylic Acid) Structure: A Potential Hydrogel Network for Controlled Delivery of Loxoprofen Sodium
Authors: Khalid Ikrima , Ahmad Mahmood , Usman Minhas Muhammad , Barkat Kashif , Sohail Muhammad 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA series of sodium alginate‐graft‐poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels (SA‐g‐pAA hydrogels) were synthesized with sodium alginate (SA) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross‐linker and ammonium peroxodisulfate (APS) as an initiator. Hydrogels were evaluated for thermal stability (TGA & DSC), revealing their higher strength toward thermal variation as compared to individual components. SEM micrographs show smooth and solid outer surface with a lack of porosity on it. FTIR results revealed the grafting reaction of AA on SA. Hydrogels were then evaluated for pH responsive behavior by equilibrium swelling ratio and swelling dynamics at low and high pH. Furthermore, these cross‐linked networks were also tested for the release of Loxoprofen sodium hydrate (LSH). Drug was loaded by diffusion method and showed pH‐dependent drug release characteristics. Korsmeyer–Peppas model is the best fit model to explain drug release from the cross‐linked network. Maximum swelling, drug loading, and release has been observed at pH 7.4. It is concluded that highly stable SA and AA based polymeric matrixes are developed. These polymeric matrixes have potential to be used as a carrier for controlled delivery of LSH.
Liquid Marbles Based on Magnetic Upconversion Nanoparticles as Magnetically and Optically Responsive Miniature Reactors for Photocatalysis and Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Wang Dan , Zhu Lin , Chen Jian‐Feng , Dai Liming 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMagnetic liquid marbles have recently attracted extensive attention for various potential applications. However, conventional liquid marbles based on iron oxide nanoparticles are opaque and inadequate for photo‐related applications. Herein, we report the first development of liquid marbles coated with magnetic lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that can convert near‐infrared light into visible light. Apart from their excellent magnetic and mechanical properties, which are attractive for repeatable tip opening and magnetically directed movements, the resultant UCNP‐based liquid marbles can act as ideal miniature reactors for photodynamic therapy of cancer cells. This work opens new ways for the development of liquid marbles, and shows great promise for liquid marbles based on UCNPs to be used in a large variety of potential applications, such as photodynamic therapy for accelerated drug screening, magnetically guided controlled drug delivery and release, and multifunctional actuation.
Redox Non‐Innocence of Nitrosobenzene at Nickel
Authors: Kundu Subrata , Stieber S. Chantal E. , Ferrier Maryline G. , Kozimor Stosh A. , Bertke Jeffery A. , Warren Timothy H. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNitrosobenzene (PhNO) serves as a stable analogue of nitroxyl (HNO), a biologically relevant, redox‐active nitric oxide derivative. Capture of nitrosobenzene at the electron‐deficient β‐diketiminato nickel(I) complex [iPr2NNF6]Ni results in reduction of the PhNO ligand to a (PhNO)./− species coordinated to a square planar NiII center in [iPr2NNF6]Ni(η2‐ONPh). Ligand centered reduction leads to the (PhNO)2− moiety bound to NiII supported by XAS studies. Systematic investigation of structure–reactivity patterns of (PhNO)./− and (PhNO)2− ligands reveals parallels with superoxo (O2)./− and peroxo (O2)2− ligands, respectively, and forecasts reactivity patterns of the more transient HNO ligand.
Unraveling the Thermodynamics of the Folding and Interconversion of Human Telomere G‐Quadruplexes
Authors: Bončina Matjaž , Vesnaver Gorazd , Chaires Jonathan Brad , Lah Jurij 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWhy human telomere DNA fragments fold into different G‐quadruplex structures with parallel, hybrid, and antiparallel strand orientations depending on the temperature and concentration of co‐solutes remains poorly understood. Similarly, the formation of intermediate structures along the folding or interconversion pathways is not well understood. Herein, we address these questions by introducing a conceptual framework, based on the global thermodynamic analysis of DSC and CD spectroscopy data, which led to a detailed description of the topological phase space (phase diagram) of the stability of the human telomere fragment 5′‐AGGG(TTAGGG)3‐3′ (Tel22). This framework clarifies the driving forces of quadruplex folding and interconversion processes over a wide range of temperatures and ion (K+, Na+) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations and demonstrates their linkage to the human telomere DNA structural features.
Synthesis and characterization of carborane‐containing polyester with excellent thermal and ultrahigh char yield
Authors: Li Ning , Zeng Fanglei , Qu Dezhi , Zhang Jianjun , Shao Lu , Bai Yongping 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTA series of wholly carborane‐containing polyesters with high thermostability were successfully synthesized by the catalytic polycondensation of carborane diol monomers with carborane diacid chlorides. They can be used for the preparation of materials of high temperature resistant coatings and adhesive. The influence of solvent, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the molecular weight and yield of the polymers were studied. In comparison with the carborane‐free polyester, the carborane‐containing polyesters showed higher degradation temperature and char yield and lower degradation rate. The thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) curves indicate that the carborane group could effectively reduce the degradation rate of carborane‐containing polyesters, which give a char yield of exceeding 64% under air (47% under N2) at 700 °C. Such data are superior to the carborane‐free polyester, which showed a low char yield of around 0.3% under air (5% under N2) at the same condition. Moreover, the thermal transition mechanism of carborane‐containing polyesters was also studied. The FTIR spectra and TG‐FTIR analysis indicate that the carborane cage could react with oxygen to form BOB and BC linkages at elevated temperatures, which postpones the thermal decomposition of polyester and accounts for the high char yield. The newly prepared kind of high temperature polyesters have enormous technical and economic value, especially in the high temperature fields. They can be widely used as raw materials to prepare the high temperature resistant coatings or adhesives for automotive engine, aircraft and other equipments worked in high‐temperature environments. Under high environmental temperature, the good thermal stability is capable of keeping polyesters stable and expanding their service lives. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44202.
Combined Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Direct‐Push Electrical Conductivity (DP‐EC) Logging and Coring – A New Methodological Approach in Geoarchaeological Research
Authors: Fischer Peter , Wunderlich Tina , Rabbel Wolfgang , Vött Andreas , Willershäuser Timo , Baika Kalliopi , Rigakou Diamanto , Metallinou Garyfalia 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNon‐invasive geophysical methods have been increasingly applied in geoarchaeological research commonly showing the need of data calibration based on stratigraphical information deduced from outcrops or sediment cores. In this contribution, a methodological approach combining two‐dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and stratigraphical data based on coring and, for the first time in geoarchaeological research, direct‐push electrical conductivity (DP‐EC) logging is presented and discussed. The approach yields high resolution data based on studies of two different types of archives, the Holsterburg site in central Germany located in a fluvio‐terrestrial zone and the Corfu City site in Greece located in a near‐coastal zone. It is shown that DP‐EC logs trace fluctuations over grain size in high resolution which reflect changes of depositional conditions in the course of time. In addition, constraints from DP‐EC logs in the form of layer interfaces and electrical resistivities were incorporated into the ERT inversion process minimizing the ambiguity of inversion results. It is shown that incorporating regions with certain starting resistivities based on DP‐EC logs exceed the advantage of using layer interfaces alone. It is concluded that in future geoarchaeological and geomorphological studies a combined application of coring, DP‐EC logging and ERT measurements should be considered as a standard approach towards a more comprehensive stratigraphical characterization of the shallow subsurface. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phage display as a tool to discover blood–brain barrier (BBB)‐shuttle peptides: panning against a human BBB cellular model
Authors: Díaz‐Perlas Cristina , Sánchez‐Navarro Macarena , Oller-Salvia Benjamí , Moreno Miguel , Teixidó Meritxell , Giralt Ernest 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMost potential drugs for the treatment of central nervous system disorders do not cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Much research effort has been devoted to the discovery of new BBB‐shuttle peptides—most of which have been identified by phage display. Here we report for the first time on the use of phage display against a human BBB cellular model which mimics the characteristics of the BBB. From the panning experiment of a 12‐mer library, the SGVYKVAYDWQH (SGV) peptide sequence was selected and its permeability validated in the aforementioned model. Furthermore, internalization studies suggested that SGV internalizes through a clathrin‐mediated mechanism and that it increases the uptake of a cargo in endothelial cells. These results highlight the usefulness of in vitro BBB models for the discovery of BBB‐shuttle peptides through phage display libraries.
Prognostic value of plasma galectin‐3 levels after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Liu Hua , Liu Yong , Zhao Jinbing , Liu Hongyi , He Shengxue 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory responses are correlated with secondary brain injury after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) is a novel biomarker reflecting inflammation status, and its elevated circulating levels are associated with poor prognosis of some inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Gal‐3 plasma levels and prognosis in a group of aSAH patients.Materials and MethodsWe assessed plasma Gal‐3 levels in 120 patients and 120 healthy individuals. 6‐month clinical outcomes included mortality and unfavorable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 1–3). Associations of plasma Gal‐3 levels with clinical outcomes were investigated using multivariate analysis.ResultsPatients showed significantly higher Gal‐3 levels as compared to controls. Circulating Gal‐3 was significantly and independently associated with 6‐month clinical outcomes in the logistic regression analysis. Moreover, we observed a significant correlation between circulating Gal‐3 and World Federation of Neurological Surgeons scores and modified Fisher scores. Furthermore, Gal‐3 possessed high area under receiver operating characteristic curve for prognostic assessment.ConclusionOur findings indicate the associations between Gal‐3 levels and the severity and poor prognosis following aSAH. This suggests the possible role of Gal‐3 in the prognostic prediction after aSAH.
Association between targeted somatic mutation (TSM) signatures and HGS‐OvCa progression
Authors: Lindley Robyn A. , Humbert Patrick , Larner Cliff , Akmeemana Eric H. , Pendlebury Christopher R. R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractEvidence already exists that the activation‐induced cytidine deaminase (AID/APOBEC) and the adenosine deaminase (ADAR) families of enzymes are implicated as powerful mutagens in oncogenic processes in many somatic tissues. Each deaminase is identified by the DNA or RNA nucleotide sequence (“motif”) surrounding the nucleotide targeted for deamination. The primary objective of this study is to develop an in silico approach to identify nucleotide sequence changes of the target motifs of key deaminases during oncogenesis. If successful, a secondary objective is to investigate if such changes are associated with disease progression indicators that include disease stage and progression‐free survival time. Using a discovery cohort of 194 high‐grade serous ovarian adenocarcinoma (HGS‐OvCa) exomes, the results confirm the ability of the novel in silico approach used to identify changes in the preferred target motifs for AID, APOBEC3G, APOBEC3B, and ADAR1 during oncogenesis. Using this approach, a set of new cancer‐progression associated signatures (C‐PASs) were identified. Furthermore, it was found that the C‐PAS identified can be used to differentiate between the cohort of patients that remained progression‐free for longer than 60 months, from those in which disease progressed within 60 months (sensitivity 95%, specificity 90%). The spectrum of outcomes observed here could provide a foundation for future clinical assessment of susceptibility variants in ovarian, and several other cancers as disease progresses. The ability of the in silico methodology used to identify changes in deaminase motifs during oncogenesis also suggests new links between immune system function and tumorigenesis.