bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical learning and guidance on operative risks and potential errors
Authors: Ruoranen Minna , Antikainen Teuvo , Eteläpelto Anneli 
Published: July 2017

PurposeWithin the framework of learning from errors, this study focused on how operative risks and potential errors are addressed in guidance to surgical residents during authentic surgical operations. The purpose of this paper is to improve patient safety and to diminish medical complications resulting from possible operating errors. Further in the process of the optimal contexts for instruction aimed at preventing risks and errors in the practical hospital environment was evaluated.Design/methodology/approachThe five authentic surgical operations were analyzed, all of which were organized as training sessions for surgical residents. The data (collected via video-recoding) were analyzed by a consultant surgeon and an education expert working together.FindingsThe results showed that the risks and potential errors in the surgical operations were rarely addressed in guidance during operations. The guidance provided mostly concerned technical issues, such as instrument handling, and exploration of critical anatomical structures. There was little guidance focusing on situation-based risks and potential errors, such as unexpected procedural challenges, teamwork and practical decision-making. The findings showed that optimal context of learning about risks and potential errors of surgical operation are not always the authentic operation context.Originality/valueThe study was conducted in an authentic surgical operation-cum-training context. The originality of the study derives from its focus on guidance related to risk and error prevention in surgical workplace learning. The findings can be used to create a meaningful learning environment – including powerful guidance – for practice-based surgical learning, maximally addressing patient safety, but giving possibilities also for other training options.
The effect of applicant political skill on the race dissimilarity‐recruiter recommendations relationship
Authors: Breland Jacob W. , Seitz Stephanie R. , Treadway Darren C. , Lovelace Kathi J. , Gazdag Brooke A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe importance of recruiting minority candidates is increasing due to legal and strategic concerns. Although the majority of research in the area investigating race dissimilarity has been found to have significant negative effects on interviewing outcomes, the results have been inconsistent. Integrating our model into that proposed by Huffcutt, we attempt to better understand some of these inconsistencies by introducing political influence compatibility as a mediator between race dissimilarity and recruiter hiring recommendations. We further integrate political skill as a moderator to neutralise the negative impact of being racially dissimilar on political influence compatibility. The model was tested using data collected from actual interviews conducted in unstructured settings, and support was found for the hypotheses.
“Handle with care”: The mediating role of schedule i‐deals in the relationship between supervisors' own caregiving responsibilities and employee outcomes
Authors: Las Heras Mireia , Van der Heijden Beatrice I.J.M. , De Jong Jeroen , Rofcanin Yasin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDrawing on theories of perspective‐taking and i‐deals, this study explores the impact of supervisors' own caregiving responsibilities for elders and parental status on subordinates' schedule i‐deals. Moreover, we investigate the extent to which schedule i‐deals mediate the relationship between supervisors' caregiving responsibilities and two employee outcomes: satisfaction with work–family balance and turnover intentions. Using a sample of 520 dyads involving 137 supervisors and 520 employees, the results of multilevel analysis show that supervisors' caregiving responsibilities for elders is positively related to schedule i‐deals, but their parental status is not. The findings also show that schedule i‐deals mediate the effect of supervisors' caregiving responsibilities for elders on subordinates' satisfaction with work–family balance and turnover intentions. This research contributes to the i‐deals' literature by focusing on the role of managers' own caregiving responsibilities in facilitating the provision of schedule i‐deals to their subordinates and by exploring the consequences of schedule i‐deals to gain an understanding of the mutually beneficial nature of such deals. From a practical point of view, supervisors and HR departments might utilise schedule i‐deals to drive desirable employee outcomes, in particular their caregiving responsibilities, and to engender a family‐supportive organisational culture.
Comparison of efficacy and safety of hyoscine butylbromide versus anisodamine for acute gastric or intestinal spasm‐like pain: A randomized, double‐blinded, multicenter Phase III trial
Authors: Zhu Chun Ping , Jiang Fei , Wang Rong Quan , Guo Xiao Zhong , Hou Xiao Hua , Xu Hong , Zeng Ya , Du Yi Qi , Li Zhao Shen 
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVEAcute gastric or intestinal spasm‐like pain is common in clinical setting. Hyoscine butylbromide (HBB), an anti‐cholinergic agent, relieves pain in stomach and bowel cramps by inhibiting smooth muscle contractility. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of parenteral HBB and anisodamine for treating acute gastric or intestinal pain.METHODSIn this randomized, controlled, double‐blind, parallel‐group, multicenter non‐inferiority trial, 299 Chinese patients were randomly assigned to HBB or anisodamine in a ratio of 1:1. They were administrated a single dose of either HBB 20 mg or anisodamine 10 mg, and a second dose was given when needed. The primary end‐point was the difference in pain intensity (PID) from the pre‐dose baseline at 20 min after the first injection.RESULTSAltogether 295 patients completed the protocol (153 in the HBB and 142 in the anisodamine group). For the primary end‐point, the PID was −4.09 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −4.41, −3.76) for the HBB group and −3.66 (95% CI: −4.02, −3.31) for the anisodamine group (P < 0.0001 for non‐inferiority). The percentage of patients with at least one adverse event was lower in the HBB group than in the anisodamine group (13.1% vs 17.6%), but there was no statistical significance (P = 0.279). The most frequent adverse events were thirst (7.8%) and dry mouth (2.6%) in the HBB group, and thirst (7.0%), dry mouth (3.5%) and nodal arrhythmia (2.1%) in the anisodamine group.CONCLUSIONSHBB 20 mg was not inferior to anisodamine 10 mg in pain relief of patients with acute gastric or intestinal spasm‐like pain. Both drugs were safe and well tolerated.
Major phylum‐level differences between porefluid and host rock bacterial communities in the terrestrial deep subsurface
Authors: Momper Lily , Kiel Reese Brandi , Zinke Laura , Wanger Greg , Osburn Magdalena R. , Moser Duane , Amend Jan P. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryEarth's deep subsurface biosphere (DSB) is home to a vast number and wide variety of microorganisms. Although difficult to access and sample, deep subsurface environments have been probed through drilling programs, exploration of mines and sampling of deeply sourced vents and springs. In an effort to understand the ecology of deep terrestrial habitats, we examined bacterial diversity in the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF), the former Homestake gold mine, in South Dakota, USA. Whole genomic DNA was extracted from deeply circulating groundwater and corresponding host rock (at a depth of 1.45 km below ground surface). Pyrotag DNA sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene revealed diverse communities of putative chemolithoautotrophs, aerobic and anaerobic heterotrophs, numerous candidate phyla and unique rock‐associated microbial assemblage. There was a clear and near‐total separation of communities between SURF deeply circulating fracture fluids and SURF host‐rocks. Sequencing data from SURF compared against five similarly sequenced terrestrial subsurface sites in Europe and North America revealed classes Clostridia and Betaproteobacteria were dominant in terrestrial fluids. This study presents a unique analysis showing differences in terrestrial subsurface microbial communities between fracture fluids and host rock through which those fluids permeate.
Intermittent Access to Ethanol Drinking Facilitates the Transition to Excessive Drinking After Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure
Authors: Kimbrough Adam , Kim Sarah , Cole Maury , Brennan Molly , George Olivier 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundAlcohol binge drinking in humans is thought to increase the risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Unclear is whether drinking patterns (e.g., bingelike or stable drinking) differentially affect the transition to compulsive‐like drinking in dependent individuals. We examined whether chronic bingelike drinking facilitates the transition to compulsive‐like drinking in rats.MethodsMale Wistar rats were given 5 months of intermittent access to ethanol (EtOH) (IAE) or continuous access to EtOH (CAE) in a 2‐bottle choice paradigm. Then, rats were given chronic intermittent EtOH (CIE) vapor exposure. Escalation of EtOH intake and compulsive‐like responding for EtOH, using a progressive‐ratio schedule of reinforcement and quinine‐adulterated EtOH, were measured.ResultsIAE rats escalated EtOH drinking after 2 weeks of 2‐bottle choice, whereas CAE rats exhibited stable EtOH drinking for 5 months. After 8 weeks of CIE, both IAE + CIE and CAE + CIE rats escalated their EtOH intake. However, IAE rats escalated their EtOH intake weeks sooner than CAE rats and exhibited greater EtOH intake. No differences in compulsive‐like responding were found between IAE + CIE and CAE + CIE rats. However, both IAE + CIE and CAE + CIE rats showed strong compulsive‐like responding compared with rats without prior IAE or CAE.ConclusionsChronic EtOH drinking at stable or escalated levels for several months is associated with more compulsive‐like responding for EtOH in rats that are exposed to CIE compared with rats without a prior history of EtOH drinking. Moreover, IAE facilitated the transition to compulsive‐like responding for EtOH after CIE exposure, reflected by the escalation of EtOH intake. These results suggest that IAE may facilitate the transition to AUD. This study indicates that despite a moderate level of EtOH drinking, the IAE animal model is highly relevant to early stages of alcohol abuse and suggests that it may be associated with neuroadaptations that produce a faster transition to alcohol dependence.
Are alcohol‐related disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual youth decreasing?
Authors: Fish Jessica N. , Watson Ryan J. , Porta Carolyn M. , Russell Stephen T. , Saewyc Elizabeth M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground and AimsAlthough sexual orientation‐related alcohol use disparities are well established, researchers have not identified whether disparities are diminishing as societal attitudes towards lesbian/gay and bisexual (LGB) people become more accepting. We examined changes in four alcohol‐related disparities between heterosexual and LGB youth from 1998 to 2013 by (1) estimating the prevalence of these behaviors; (2) estimating disparities in alcohol‐related outcomes between heterosexual and LGB youth within each wave year; and (3) testing whether the degree of difference in alcohol‐related disparities between heterosexual and LGB youth has changed.DesignLogistic regression models and year × sexual orientation interactions with repeated, cross‐sectional, provincially representative data.SettingBritish Columbia, Canada.ParticipantsStudents (ages 12–19) from the 1998 (n = 22 858), 2003 (n = 29 323), 2008 (n = 25 254) and 2013 (n = 21 938) British Columbia Adolescent Health Survey (total n = 99 373, 48.7% male, mean age = 14.84).MeasurementsWe modeled age‐adjusted differences in life‐time alcohol use, age of onset, past 30‐day drinking and past 30‐day heavy episodic drinking between heterosexual and three subgroups of sexual minority youth (i.e. mostly heterosexual, bisexual and lesbian/gay).FindingsGenerally, alcohol use declined for all youth, although less so among LGB youth [average adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.58 and aOR = 0.53 for heterosexual males and females and aOR = 0.71 and aOR = 0.57 for sexual minority males and females, respectively). Within‐year comparisons demonstrated elevated rates of alcohol use among LGB compared with heterosexual youth for each of the four survey years, especially among females. Findings indicate few changes over time; however, results show an increase in risky alcohol use from 1998 to 2013 among mostly heterosexual (aOR = 1.58 for life‐time alcohol use, aOR = 1.58 for 30‐day alcohol use and aOR = 1.34 for 30‐day heavy episodic drinking), and bisexual (aOR = 1.95 for life‐time alcohol use) females.ConclusionDespite the general decline in the prevalence of alcohol use among young people in Canada since 1998, lesbian/gay and bisexual youth in Canada continue to show elevated rates of alcohol use compared with heterosexual youth.
Development of Deep and Upper Neuronal Layers in the Domestic Cat, Sheep and Pig Neocortex
Authors: Glatzle M. , Hoops M. , Kauffold J. , Seeger J. , Fietz S. A. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe neocortex plays a key role in cognition, volitional motor control and sensory perception and has undergone tremendous expansion during evolution. The mature neocortex consists of radially aligned neurons that are arranged in six layers. Layers II–VI are often split into two groups: deep and upper layers, both building up the so‐called cortical plate during embryonic and foetal development. So far cortical neurogenesis, including the generation of deep and upper layers, has mostly been studied in laboratory rodents and primates. However, precise data for most companion animals are lacking. This study determined the main period of neurogenesis, specifically the timing of deep and upper layer generation, in the developing domestic cat, pig and sheep neocortex using immunohistochemistry for specific neuronal markers, that is Tbr1 and Brn2. We found that the general sequence of neural events is preserved among cat, pig, sheep and other mammalian species. However, we observed differences in the timing of the overall cortical neurogenic period and occurrence of distinct neural events when these three species were compared. Moreover, our data provide further evidence that the cortical neurogenic period and gestation length might be tightly related. Together, these data expand our current understanding of neocortex development and are important for future studies investigating neocortex development and expansion especially in companion animals.
Dispossession and the Depletion of Social Reproduction
Authors: Fernandez Bina 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGender is largely under‐theorized in the now well‐developed literature on dispossession; this paper contributes to the analysis of the gender dimensions of dispossession by bringing the literature on dispossession into conversation with the feminist literature on social reproduction, specifically, depletion of social reproduction. Drawing on qualitative field research, the paper provides a gendered analysis of the multiple vectors of dispossession affecting the Miyana, a Muslim community living in the Little Rann of Kutch, an estuarine zone in central Gujarat within which prawn harvesting and salt production are their symbiotic seasonal livelihood activities. Using the concept of depletion as a diagnostic tool, I argue that the assessment of depletion due to dispossession requires investigation of the levels of mitigation, replenishment or transformation available to individuals, households and communities within the circuits of production and social reproduction.
Letter: complications of percutaneous liver biopsy with Klatskin needles—methodological issues
Authors: Ayubi E. , Sullman M. J. M. , Safiri S. 
Published: July 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Takyar et al, and Takyar and Koh papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13939 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14170.
Editorial: volatile organic compounds in breath for monitoring IBD—longitudinal studies are essential
Authors: Williams H. R. T. , Orchard T. R. 
Published: July 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Smolinska and van Schooten, and Smolinska et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14163 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14004.
Letter: bias in clinical trials of the symptomatic effects of the low FODMAP diet for irritable bowel syndrome—getting the facts right
Authors: Gibson P. R. , Halmos E. P. , Muir J. G. 
Published: July 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Krogsgaard et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14065 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14165.
Editorial: the risk of cancer in patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia
Authors: Kuipers Ernst J. 
Published: July 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Pittayanon et al, and Pittayanon and Barkun papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14082 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14160.
Editorial: the risk of cancer in patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia—Authors’ reply
Authors: Pittayanon R. , Barkun A. 
Published: July 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Pittayanon et al, and Kuipers papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14082 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14155.
Letter: bias in clinical trials of the symptomatic effects of the low FODMAP diet for irritable bowel syndrome—getting the facts right. Authors' reply
Authors: Krogsgaard L. R. , Lyngesen M. , Bytzer P. 
Published: July 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Krogsgaard et al, and Gibson et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14065 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14150.
Letter: complications of percutaneous liver biopsy with Klatskin needles—methodological issues. Authors’ Reply
Authors: Takyar V. , Koh C. 
Published: July 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Takyar et al, and Ayubi et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13939 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14131.
Letter: functional dyspepsia is associated with duodenal eosinophilia in an Australian paediatric cohort—methodological issues to avoid misinterpretation. Authors’ reply
Authors: Wauters L. , Nightingale S. , Jones M. , Talley N. J. , Walker M. M. 
Published: July 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Wauters et al, and Safiri and Ayubi papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14045 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14158.
Review article: new treatments in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Townsend S. A. , Newsome P. N. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryBackgroundNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease is the fastest growing cause of liver disease in the Western world, yet there is no approved pharmacotherapy. While lifestyle modifications remain the mainstay of treatment, only a proportion of individuals are able to make or sustain them, and so more treatment options are required.AimTo review the potential benefit of drugs used in clinical practice, those entering phase II trials, and compounds being investigated in pre‐clinical studies.MethodsA literature search was performed using PubMed to identify relevant studies; linked references were also reviewed.ResultsVitamin E and pioglitazone have shown efficacy in non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but long‐term safety concerns, specifically bladder cancer and osteoporosis with pioglitazone, have limited their use. GLP‐1 analogues and SGLT‐2 inhibitors are currently approved for use in diabetes, have shown early efficacy in NASH and also have beneficial cardiovascular effects. Peroxisome proliferator‐activator receptors and FXR agonists have potent effects on lipogenesis, inflammation and fibrosis, respectively, with their efficacy and safety being currently tested in phase 3. As inflammation and apoptosis are key features of NASH agents modulating these pathways are of interest; CCR2/5 antagonists downregulate inflammatory pathways and reduce fibrosis with caspase and apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 inhibitors reducing apoptosis and fibrosis.ConclusionsRising demand and an improved understanding of NASH pathophysiology has led to a surge in development of new therapies. Tailoring pharmacotherapy to the dominant pathogenic pathway in a given patient along with use of combination therapy is likely to represent the future direction in treatment of patients with NASH.
Well‐leg compartment syndrome after laparoscopic low anterior resection for lower rectal cancer in the lithotomy position: A case report
Authors: Nishino Masaya , Okano Miho , Kawada Junji , Kim Yongkook , Yamada Mami , Tsujinaka Toshimasa 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA 64‐year‐old man underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection for lower rectal cancer. Because he was overweight (BMI, 28.1 kg/m2) with rich visceral fat and a narrow pelvic cavity, the operation was technically difficult and the operation time was 686 min. Postoperatively, the patient immediately complained of pain and swelling of the left lower limb. Laboratory examination showed that serum creatinine kinase was markedly increased and urine myoglobin was positive on postoperative day 1. He was diagnosed with well‐leg compartment syndrome and was transported to the trauma and critical care center for emergency fasciotomy. After initial treatment, he was transferred to our hospital on postoperative day 7. He completely recovered after 2 months. Although well‐leg compartment syndrome is rare, it is necessary to consider it as a potential complication when performing a long colorectal cancer surgery with the patient in the lithotomy position, particularly when laparoscopic surgery is planned.
Improving effect of dietary soybean phospholipids supplement on hepatic and serum indexes relevant to fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens
Authors: Yang Fei , Ruan Jiming , Wang Tiancheng , Luo Junrong , Cao Huabin , Song Yalu , Huang Jianzhen , Hu Guoliang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn order to investigate the effect of dietary soybean phospholipid supplement on hepatic and serum indexes relevant to fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in layers, 135 300‐day‐old Hyline Brown layers were randomly divided into three groups (control, pathology and prevention), and each group had 45 layers with three replicates. Birds in the three groups were respectively fed the control diet, high‐energy low‐protein diet and high‐energy high‐protein diet affixed with 3% soybean phospholipid instead of maize. Results showed in the 30th day, birds’ livers in the pathology group became yellowish, enlarged in size and had hemorrhagic spots, while the prevention and control groups’ layers did not have such pathological changes. Contents of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein – cholesterol, non‐esterified fatty acid and malondialdehyde in serum or liver homogenate in prevention and control groups were remarkably lower than those in the pathology group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), as with the activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and glutamic‐pyruvic transaminase (P < 0.01); high‐density lipoprotein – cholesterol value was strikingly higher than that of the pathology group (P < 0.01). It is suggested dietary soybean phospholipids supplement may effectively improve hepatic and blood indexes relevant to FLHS, which provides a new point for preventing FLHS occurrence rate in laying flocks and treating human non‐alcohol fatty liver disease.