bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cranial thoracic vertebral canal stenosis in three juvenile large-breed brachycephalic dogs treated by unilateral hemilaminectomy
Authors: Marchevsky Andrew , Miller Amanda 
Published: March 2017

SummaryObjective: To describe the surgical treatment and outcome for juvenile dogs with cranial thoracic vertebral canal stenosis treated by unilateral hemilaminectomy.Study design: Case series.Animals: Three large-breed brachycephalic dogs of various breeds (Dogue de Bordeaux, Australian Bulldog, Boerboel) with neurological signs consistent with a myelopathy of the third thoracic (T) to third lumbar (L) spinal cord segment.Methods: Information on clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, surgical procedures, postoperative complications, recovery and outcome is described.Results: Neurological signs were present and progressive for two to four weeks prior to surgery and ranged from mild ataxia to paralysis. Cranial thoracic vertebral canal stenosis was diagnosed with computed tomography imaging. Lateral and dorsolateral spinal cord compression was present at multiple sites between T2 and T6. Alternating left and right-sided compressions were common. Surgical treatment was by unilateral, continuous hemilaminectomy over three to six vertebral spaces. Postoperative morbidity was minimal and return of independent ambulation was rapid (median: 13.5 days, range: 2–29 days). Neurological status in one dog worsened four months after surgery due to reoccurrence of osseous compression; unilateral hemilaminectomy was repeated in this dog. Long-term follow-up ranged from six to 10 months; neurological signs had completely resolved in one dog and substantially improved in the other two dogs.Clinical significance: Unilateral hemilaminectomy was associated with rapid return of independent ambulation and substantial improvement in neurological scores.
Temporal Variation of the Rotation of the Solar Mean Magnetic Field
Authors: Xie J. L. , Shi X. J. , Xu J. C. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Based on continuous wavelet transformation analysis, the daily solar mean magnetic field (SMMF) from 1975 May 16 to 2014 July 31 is analyzed to reveal its rotational behavior. Both the recurrent plot in Bartels form and the continuous wavelet transformation analysis show the existence of rotational modulation in the variation of the daily SMMF. The dependence of the rotational cycle lengths on solar cycle phase is also studied, which indicates that the yearly mean rotational cycle lengths generally seem to be longer during the rising phase of solar cycles and shorter during the declining phase. The mean rotational cycle length for the rising phase of all of the solar cycles in the considered time is 28.28 ± 0.67 days, while for the declining phase it is 27.32 ± 0.64 days. The difference of the mean rotational cycle lengths between the rising phase and the declining phase is 0.96 days. The periodicity analysis, through the use of an auto-correlation function, indicates that the rotational cycle lengths have a significant period of about 10.1 years. Furthermore, the cross-correlation analysis indicates that there exists a phase difference between the rotational cycle lengths and solar activity.
JCMT Spectral and Continuum Imaging of Comet 252P/LINEAR
Authors: Coulson Iain M. , Cordiner Martin A. , Kuan Yi-Jehng , Tseng Wei-Ling , Chuang Yo-Ling , Lin Zhong-Yi , Milam Stefanie N. , Charnley Steven B. , Ip Wing-Huen 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Comet 252P/LINEAR passed the Earth at a distance of 0.035 au on 2016 March 21, presenting a rare opportunity to study a comet at high spatial resolution. Even with a single dish facility such as JCMT, the chemical structure of the coma could be observed on scales of 500–1000 km, which are smaller than the scale lengths of known distributed cometary molecules. Our week-long observing campaign at JCMT started on March 27 (UT), 12 days after perihelion, and ended on April 3, during which time the comet's distance from Earth increased from 0.045 to 0.078 au. Our observations of the J = 4 − 3 transition of HCN showed generally uniform levels of activity. Expansion velocities were ∼0.6 km s−1 (±10%), and the derived mean HCN production rate during the week was 6.4 × 1024 mol s−1. Comparison with independent estimates of the water production rate during the same period yields a mixing ratio of 0.12% with respect to water. Methanol emissions appear to arise from an extended source—probably in the form of an ice halo—suggesting that all the gases from 252P may originate in large part from the sublimation of icy grains in the coma. Adopting a mean dust particle size of 1 mm, the mass of dust in the coma at the same time is estimated at 4 × 107 kg, implying a total dust production rate of 4 kg s−1. The dust-to-gas mass ratio of ∼0.025 is one of the lowest values ever observed for a comet.
Kinetic Properties of the Neutral Solar Wind
Authors: Florinski V. , Heerikhuisen J. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Charge-exchange collisions between the solar wind protons and interstellar hydrogen produce a distinctive population of neutral hydrogen streaming radially at nearly the solar-wind speed. This tenuous population, known as the neutral solar wind (NSW) is thought to play a key role in the appearance of the Interplanetary Boundary EXplorer ribbon, a bright circular band in the sky that is the source of neutral hydrogen with energies near 1 keV. According to the leading model of the ribbon, the velocity distribution of NSW hydrogen is imparted on the pickup ions (PUIs) generated via charge exchange with the interstellar protons beyond the heliopause, and in this way controls the stability of the resulting ring distribution of PUIs against hydromagnetic wave generation. In this paper, we examine the velocity distributions of the NSW atoms in the heliosphere and the outer heliosheath regions by following the phase-space trajectories of the Boltzmann equation. It is demonstrated that these distributions are highly anisotropic, with the parallel (radial) temperature greatly exceeding the perpendicular temperature. Ions picked up near 90° from the anisotropic NSW would form a stable ring distribution capable of generating the ribbon flux. We also discuss a second population of neutrals born in charge transfer collisions with interstellar PUIs, the so-called neutralized pickup ion (NPI) component. Their high thermal velocities translate into large parallel velocity spread of the daughter ribbon PUIs, which would adversely affect plasma stability in local interstellar space.
Cell-Specific Variation in E-Selectin Ligand Expression among Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Implications for Immunosurveillance and Pathobiology
Authors: Silva Mariana , Fung Ronald Kam Fai , Donnelly Conor Brian , Videira Paula Alexandra , Sackstein Robert 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Both host defense and immunopathology are shaped by the ordered recruitment of circulating leukocytes to affected sites, a process initiated by binding of blood-borne cells to E-selectin displayed at target endothelial beds. Accordingly, knowledge of the expression and function of leukocyte E-selectin ligands is key to understanding the tempo and specificity of immunoreactivity. In this study, we performed E-selectin adherence assays under hemodynamic flow conditions coupled with flow cytometry and Western blot analysis to elucidate the function and structural biology of glycoprotein E-selectin ligands expressed on human PBMCs. Circulating monocytes uniformly express high levels of the canonical E-selectin binding determinant sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) and display markedly greater adhesive interactions with E-selectin than do circulating lymphocytes, which exhibit variable E-selectin binding among CD4+ and CD8+ T cells but no binding by B cells. Monocytes prominently present sLeX decorations on an array of protein scaffolds, including P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, CD43, and CD44 (rendering the E-selectin ligands cutaneous lymphocyte Ag, CD43E, and hematopoietic cell E-selectin/L-selectin ligand, respectively), and B cells altogether lack E-selectin ligands. Quantitative PCR gene expression studies of glycosyltransferases that regulate display of sLeX reveal high transcript levels among circulating monocytes and low levels among circulating B cells, and, commensurately, cell surface α(1,3)-fucosylation reveals that acceptor sialyllactosaminyl glycans convertible into sLeX are abundantly expressed on human monocytes yet are relatively deficient on B cells. Collectively, these findings unveil distinct cell-specific patterns of E-selectin ligand expression among human PBMCs, indicating that circulating monocytes are specialized to engage E-selectin and providing key insights into the molecular effectors mediating recruitment of these cells at inflammatory sites.
Clinical signs and symptoms of tinnitus in temporomandibular joint disorders: A pilot study comparing patients and non-patients
Authors: Kanji Amisha , Khoza-Shangase Katijah 
Published: March 2017

Background: Tinnitus is one of the otologic symptoms commonly reported to be associated with temporomandibular disorder (TMD), and questions regarding its nature and cause continue to plague the clinical and research community.Objectives: The current pilot study aimed to investigate the clinical signs and symptoms of presenting tinnitus in a group of individuals with TMD (group A), and compare them with a group with tinnitus but without TMD (group B). Twenty participants were included in the study, 10 from each group.Methods: All participants underwent basic audiological as well as ear, nose and throat (ENT) evaluations to establish group A and group B. For tinnitus assessment, all participants completed a tinnitus survey questionnaire, and their tinnitus was evaluated using tinnitus matching procedures.Results: Findings revealed clinically relevant differences in attributes of tinnitus in patients with and without TMD. Most of the participants in group A matched their tinnitus to a 6 000 Hz tone or noise, at lower intensity levels than participants in group B, although these results were not statistically significant. Participants in group A associated their tinnitus with a single sound whereas some participants in group B associated it with more than one sound. More participants in group B reported the duration of their tinnitus as constant.Conclusions: Tinnitus may occur in patients with TMD, and be of high frequency. This highlights the importance of thorough assessment for patients with tinnitus as this might have implications for diagnosis and management.
A case of abdominal pain and abnormal location of gallstone diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound
Authors: Choudhary Narendra Singh , Puri Rajesh , Bansal Rinkesh Kumar , Nasa Mukesh 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA 50‑year‑old male came to us with pain abdomen; endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) made a diagnosis of cholecystoduodenal fistula which was later on confirmed on gastroscopy and surgery. We present interesting images of EUS; a calculus is visualized outside gallbladder with inflammatory changes of duodenal wall.
Endoscopic ultrasound diagnosis of hydatid membranes in nonobstructive biliary system
Authors: Chandra Sharad , Chandra Urvashi , Puri Rajesh 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBiliary communication in hepatic hydatid cyst is reported in 1–20% of patients. These patients present with fever (70–90%), right upper quadrant pain (80%), cholangitis (20–37%), acute pancreatitis (rare), liver abscess, and septicemia. Diagnosis of biliary rupture is on abdominal ultrasound, computerized tomography, and/or magnetic resonance imaging demonstration of hydatid membranes. We report a case of rupture hydatid cyst where diagnosis was on endosonographic findings and the patient had normal caliber common bile duct.
Endoscopic features of gastrointestinal tuberculosis and crohn’s disease
Authors: Moka Praneeth , Ahuja Vineet , Makharia Govind K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEndoscopic examination of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a very important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (TB). The clinical, morphological, and histological features of GI TB and CD are so similar that it becomes difficult to differentiate between these two entities. In geographical regions such as India where both GI TB and CD are prevalent, differential diagnosis between the two is challenging. While there is a lot of similarities between these two disorders, these two can be differentiated from each other with a combination of clinical, endoscopic, histological, radiological, and endoscopic features. The observation of the characteristic lesions at endoscopic examination and the extent of involvement in CD and intestinal TB is an important step in differentiation between these two disorders. While the most important endoscopic characteristics such as involvement of left side of the colon and presence of longitudinal ulcerations and cobblestoning support a diagnosis of CD, predominant involvement of ileocecal region and transverse ulcers support the diagnosis of intestinal TB. In this review, we have described the usefulness and limitations of endoscopic modalities in the diagnosis and differentiation of intestinal TB and CD.
Additive Maps on Units of Rings
Authors: Košan Tamer , Sahinkaya Serap , Zhou Yiqiang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLet R be a ring. A map f: R → R is additive if f(a + b) = f(a) + f(b) for all elements a and b of R. Here, a map f: R → R is called unit-additive if f(u + v) = f(u) + f(v) for all units u and v of R. Motivated by a recent result of Xu, Pei and Yi showing that, for any field F, every unit-additive map of (F) is additive for all n ≥ z, this paper is about the question of when every unit-additivemap of a ring is additive. It is proved that every unit-additivemap of a semilocal ring R is additive if and only if either R has no homomorphic image isomorphic to or R/J(R) ≅ with 2 = 0 in R. Consequently, for any semilocal ring R, every unit-additive map of (R) is additive for all n ≥ 2. These results are further extended to rings R such that R/J(R) is a direct product of exchange rings with primitive factors Artinian. A unit-additive map f of a ring R is called unithomomorphic if f(uv) = f(u)f(v) for all units u, v of R. As an application, the question of when every unit-homomorphic map of a ring is an endomorphism is addressed.
ANALÝZA LABORATORNÍCH HODNOT RADIOAKTIVITY HORNIN NA MAPOVÉM LISTU 15-11 ZLATÉ HORY
Authors: Zimák Jiří 
Published: March 2017

Natural radioactive elements (potassium, uranium and thorium) abundances were measured in 769 samples of metamorphic and igneous rocks and pre-Cenozoic sedimentary rocks from all geological units on the map sheet 15-11 Zlaté Hory, using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer. Metamorphic rocks belong to two geological units of the Silesicum: to the Vrbno Group (a volcanosedimentary complex composed mainly of phyllites, quartzites, amphibolites, greenschists, acid to intermediate metavolcanites and their metatuff s) and the Desná Group (metagranites and blastomylonites). Unmetamorphosed pre-Cenozoic sedimentary rocks are represented by three Variscan flysch formations – the Andělská Hora, Horní Benešov, and Moravice Fms. (rocks of the first formation are unmetamorphosed to anchimetamorphosed), only in small areas by Cretaceous sandstones of the Peruc-Korycany Formation and Devonian limestones of the Líšeň Formation. Unmetamorphosed magmatites are represented by granitoids, lamprophyres andmicrogabbro. From calculated values of mass activity of 226Ra equivalent it is evident that natural radioactivity of most of the studied rocks is low. Slightly increased mass activity values were found in feldspar-rich quartzites (186 Bq.kg-1 on average), metakeratophyres (200 Bq.kg-1) and felsic metatuff s (229 Bq.kg-1) of the Vrbno Group.
SROVNÁVACÍ STUDIE POVRCHU KŘEMENNÝCH ZRN NA LOKALITÁCH JIŽNÍ A JIHOVÝCHODNÍ MORAVY
Authors: Šušolová Jana , Králová Veronika , Hadacz Roman , Dundek Peter , Volařík Daniel 
Published: March 2017

Between 2013–2014, archeological researches at the Mikulčice site were performed. During these researches, necessity of a quartz grains surface study in the Moravian Sahara arose. There is a significant archaeological monument situated near the village of Mikulčice – a Slavic settlement, whose youngest bedrock is formed by fluvial sediments of extinct riverarms of the river Morava, and sand dunes composed of wind-blown sands of the Moravian Sahara. On these sand dunes, the most important churches and palaces of the settlement are found. The sandy sediments can reach up to 30 m thickness in the area of the Moravian Sahara.Samples of sandy sediments were taken from several locations of this site, and also from several other sites of south Moravia, which are sedimentary genetically different from the studied area. One sample of aeolian sand from the desert Rub-al Khali of Arabian Peninsula was provided for comparison.After gathering this small collection of sand grain samples, they were individually modified to the required study form and analyzed according to the demands of the method of exoscopy. At first, one hundred quartzgrains were separated from each sample of the collection using a stereo microscope. After that a detailed study and imaging with the scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) followed.The collection of sands from Mikulčice of the same genetical origin was compared to other samples of genetically known origin (fluvial, eolian...). The final comparison of all samples was performed by the method of multivariate analysis with NMDS. The results show that development of sediments at the archeological site Mikulčice most probably took place in very similar sedimentary environment. In this environment, the eolian transport and the fluvial transport with lower kinetic energy played important role.
PŮVOD A CHEMICKÉ SLOŽENÍ FLUID POVARISKÉ HYDROTERMÁLNÍ MINERALIZACE NA LOKALITĚ ZLATÝ DŮL U HLUBOČEK (SPODNÍ KARBON NÍZKÉHO JESENÍKU)
Authors: Kotlánová Michaela , Dolníček Zdeněk 
Published: March 2017

Origin and chemical composition of fluids of hydrothermal ore veins at historical deposit Zlatý důl near Hlubočky (Lower Carboniferous of the Nízký Jeseník Upland) were studied using petrography, microthermometry and crush-leach analysis of fluid inclusions and analysis of stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon in carbonates, oxygen in quartz and sulphur in sulphides. Studied mineralization has epithermal and partly mesothermal character (Th = < 50 to 293 °C). The H2O-NaCl-CaCl2 system is mostly enclosed in the primary fluid inclusions in minerals of post-Variscan ore veins. These fluids had low to medium homogenization temperatures (68 to 293 °C) and moderate to high salinities (19–27 wt. % NaCl eq.). In contrast, low to moderate salinity (0–10 wt. % NaCl eq.) fluids of the system H2O-NaCl-KCl-(MgCl2-FeCl2) with low homogenization temperatures (< 50 to 110 °C) were enclosed in secondary fluid inclusions. The main source of water was probably evaporated seawater for older fluids. The source of carbon was in carbon of the homogenized Earth’s crust and partly in carbon of organic matter. Meteoric water is the main source for younger fluids. Origin of sulphur of sulphides is in the surrounding Lower Carboniferous sediments (shales). The high content of SO4 in fluids hosted by Fe-rich dolomite suggests the origin of the fluids in the evaporated Permian basins. Studied older quartz-galena vein is probably Variscan in age. Genetically similar mineralization can be found also at other localities in the Moravo-Silesian Lower Carboniferous (Culm, siliciclastics of the Lower Carboniferous age).
ICHNOFOSILIE MYSLEJOVICKÉHO SOUVRSTVÍ DRAHANSKÉHO KULMU (SPODNÍ KARBON, MORAVSKOSLEZSKÁ JEDNOTKA ČESKÉHO MASIVU)
Authors: Kováček Martin , Lehotský Tomáš 
Published: March 2017

The research in this study is focused on trace fossils of the Myslejovice Formation, which is one of the lithostratigraphical units in the Lower Carboniferous sequences of the Drahany Culm Basin that belongs to the large area of Rhenohercynian Zone of the Variscan orogenetic flysch belt. Ichnofossils have mainly been collected in the southeastern part, near Vyškov. The material comes from the collection of Mr. Veleslav Lang which is nowadays stored in the Regional Museum of Olomouc. From this collection total 615 specimens in 10 ichnogenera and 13 following ichnospecies were determined and redefi ned: ?Alcyonidiopsis isp., Cosmorhaphe isp., Dictyodora liebeana, Diplocraterion parallelum, Gordia isp., Chondrites cf. intricatus, Chondrites isp., Nereites missouriensis, Nereites isp., Phycosiphon incertum, Planolites beverleyensis, Planolites isp. and Rhizocorallium isp. The revised material comes from the following locations: Opatovice, Habrovany, Hamiltony, Ježkovice, Lhota, Luleč, Myslejovice, Nemojany – Blatická dolina, Nemojany, Otaslavice, Pístovice, Radslavice and Rychtářov. The overall character of ichnoassemblages indicates conditions of Nereites ichnofacies, which is typical for the distal parts of the suprafan turbidite lobes. Compared to other areas of Culm facies in Middle Europe, assemblages of the Myslejovice Formation belong among the less diversified.