bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: Effects of MicroRNA‐19b on the Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Migration of Wilms’ Tumor Cells Via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Ge‐Liang , Yang Han‐Jie , Liu Bo , Liu Tian 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTWilms’ tumor (WT) is a most common renal cancer that occurs among children, and microRNA‐19b (miR‐19b) usually participates in various human cancers. Importantly, the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway plays a key role in cell apoptosis, growth and proliferation. Thus, our present study aims to investigate the effect of miR‐19b on the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway during WT cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. WT tissues and adjacent normal tissues from WT patients were collected. qRT‐PCR was applied to detect miR‐19b expression in both the WT tissues and the adjacent normal tissues, immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the protein expressions of PTEN, P13K, and p‐Akt, SK‐NEP‐1 cells were divided into the blank, negative control (NC), miR‐19b mimics and miR‐19b inhibitors groups. MTT assay, propidium iodide (PI) staining, Annexin‐V/PI double‐staining, Transwell assay and Western blotting were performed to examine cell proliferation, cycle, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, and the protein expressions of PTEN, P13K, Akt, and p‐Akt. Increased miR‐19b expression, positive expression rates of P13K and Akt, decreased PTEN expression rate, a negative correlation between PTEN expression and tumor lymph node metastasis, and a positive correlation between the expression of P13K and Akt and the clinical stages were observed in the WT tissues. The miR‐19b inhibitors group exhibited decreased cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration and invasion, and protein expressions of PI3K and p‐Akt but increased PTEN protein expression compared with the blank and NC groups. Thus, inhibition of miR‐19b suppresses the progression of WT by modulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3424–3434, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
STAT1 Inhibits MiR‐181a Expression to Suppress Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation Through PTEN/Akt
Authors: Zhang Xingwen , Li Xiang , Tan Fengbo , Yu Nanhui , Pei Haiping 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTSignal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) exhibits tumor‐suppressor properties by inhibiting oncogenic pathways and promoting tumor immunosurveillance. MicroRNAs, a group of non‐coding endogenous ones, may regulate gene expression and plays specific roles in tumorigenesis. Recently, miR‐181a has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Using human colorectal cancer cell lines, we demonstrated that STAT1 suppresses both LoVo and SW480 cell growth by down‐regulating miR‐181a. STAT1 regulates the expression of miR‐181a through binding to the elements in the miR‐181a's promoter region. Further, we revealed that miR‐181a accelerates CRC cell proliferation through phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten (PTEN). In addition, PTEN protein was upregulated in response to STAT1 overexpression or miR‐181a inhibition, downregulated in response to STAT1 knockdown or miR‐181a overexpression. Without changes on the AKT protein level, p‐AKT was downregulated by STAT1 overexpression or miR‐181a inhibition while upregulated by STAT1 knockdown or miR‐181a overexpression, indicating PTEN/Akt pathway activated in STAT1/miR‐181a regulation of CRC cell proliferation. Taken together, our findings shed new light on the STAT1/miR‐181a/PTEN pathway in colorectal cancer and add new insight regarding the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3435–3443, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Iodinated TG in Thyroid Follicular Lumen Regulates TTF‐1 and PAX8 Expression via TSH/TSHR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Huang Huibin , Shi Yaxiong , Liang Bo , Cai Huiyao , Cai Qingyan 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTOur previous study showed that highly iodinated thyroglobulin (TG) inhibited thyroid transcription factor‐1 (TTF‐1) and paired box gene 8 (PAX8) expression, but the potential mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed a thyroid follicle model in vitro to mimic its natural physiological structure and explored how iodinated TG in the follicular lumen tuned TTF‐1 and PAX8 expression. Our data showed that lowly iodinated TG enhanced PKA activity while upregulation of both TTF‐1 and PAX8 expression; and that highly iodinated TG triggered PKC activity while suppression of TTF‐1 and PAX8 expression. Further, PKA agonist alone could increase TTF‐1 and PAX8 expression while PKC agonist decreased TTF‐1 and PAX8 level. If blocking PLC‐PKC pathway using PKC‐specific inhibitor, highly iodinated TG significantly promoted the expressions of TTF‐1 and PAX8, and similarly PKA‐specific blocker moderately inhibited TTF‐1 and PAX8 expression. And opposite tendencies of TTF1 and PAX8 aberrant expression were observed in the condition of low iodinated TG when blocking PLC‐PKC and cAMP‐PKA signaling pathways. Our results indicated that iodinated TG manipulated TTF‐1 and PAX8 expression through PLC‐PKC and cAMP‐PKA pathways, and highly iodinated TG played inhibitory role via PLC‐PKC pathway from the TTF1 and PAX8 perspective while low level of iodinated TG was an activator through cAMP‐PKA pathway. Our findings proved that iodinated TG in thyroid follicular lumen regulated TTF‐1 and PAX8 expression through thyroid stimulating hormone/thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSH/TSHR) mediated cAMP‐PKA and PLC‐PKC signaling pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3444–3451, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Skewed X‐chromosome inactivation plays a crucial role in the onset of symptoms in carriers of Becker muscular dystrophy
Authors: Viggiano Emanuela , Picillo Esther , Ergoli Manuela , Cirillo Alessandra , Del Gaudio Stefania , Politano Luisa 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundBecker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is an X‐linked recessive disorder affecting approximately 1: 18.000 male births. Female carriers are usually asymptomatic, although 2.5–18% may present muscle or heart symptoms. In the present study, the role of the X chromosome inactivation (XCI) on the onset of symptoms in BMD carriers was analysed and compared with the pattern observed in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) carriers.MethodsXCI was determined on the lymphocytes of 36 BMD carriers (both symptomatic and not symptomatic) from 11 families requiring genetic advice at the Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics of the Second University of Naples, using the AR methylation‐based assay. Carriers were subdivided into two groups, according to age above or below 50 years. Seven females from the same families known as noncarriers were used as controls. A Student's t‐test for nonpaired data was performed to evaluate the differences observed in the XCI values between asymptomatic and symptomatic carriers, and carriers aged above or below 50 years. A Pearson correlation test was used to evaluate the inheritance of the XCI pattern in 19 mother–daughter pairs.ResultsThe results showed that symptomatic BMD carriers had a skewed XCI with a preferential inactivation of the X chromosome carrying the normal allele, whereas the asymptomatic carriers and controls showed a random XCI. No concordance concerning the XCI pattern was observed between mothers and related daughters.ConclusionsThe data obtained in the present study suggest that the onset of symptoms in BMD carriers is related to a skewed XCI, as observed in DMD carriers. Furthermore, they showed no concordance in the XCI pattern inheritance.
Descriptive review of acute cholecystitis: Japan‐Taiwan collaborative epidemiological study
Authors: Yokoe Masamichi , Takada Tadahiro , Hwang Tsann‐Long , Endo Itaru , Akazawa Kohei , Miura Fumihiko , Mayumi Toshihiko , Mori Rintaro , Chen Miin‐Fu , Jan Yi‐Yin , Ker Chen‐Guo , Wang Hsiu‐Po , Itoi Takao , Gomi Harumi , Kiriyama Seiki , Wada Keita , Yamaue Hiroki , Miyazaki Masaru , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundSince the publication of the Tokyo Guidelines (TG13) for the management of acute cholecystitis (AC), multidirectional studies have been published. However, epidemiological research about AC with big data was not projected. The aim of this study was to reveal the actual clinical conditions of AC.MethodThe study was designed as an international multicenter retrospective study of AC in Japan and Taiwan from 2011 to 2013. The factors investigated comprised data related to demographic, history, physical examinations, laboratory and imaging findings. Based on these data, we investigated the various values of AC, and real situation with respect to severity and treatment.ResultsA total of 5,459 patients with AC were reviewed. Thirty‐day mortality rate was 1.1%. Based on the diagnostic criteria, 4,088 patients had a definite diagnosis and 291 had a suspected diagnosis. According to the severity grading, 939 patients were classified as Grade III, 2,308 as Grade II, and 2,130 as Grade I. Cholecystectomy was performed in total of 4,266 patients and 2,765 patients had laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The main etiologies were gallbladder stones in 4,623 cases.ConclusionThis epidemiological study with large population will undoubtedly contribute to establish the best practice for managing AC worldwide.
Moral variables before and after a court‐mandated psychological treatment of men convicted of violence against their partners: Evolution and relationship with sexist attitudes
Authors: Vecina Maria L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAssuming that some moral variables can play a role in explaining intimate partner violence (IPV) and its treatment, this study explores the evolution of the relationship between some moral variables, which have recently been connected to IPV, and sexist attitudes in 160 men convicted of violence against the partner. The general hypothesis is that the moral variables can change during psychological treatments, and therefore be intervention targets, because they are related to more traditional variables in the field of IPV, such as sexist attitudes. To test this idea, we took pretreatment and posttreatment measures on moral variables (moral absolutism and moral foundations) and sexist attitudes (benevolent and hostile sexism) and analyzed their relationships and their changes after the completion of a prescribed psychological treatment. The results showed that (a) the moral variables were significantly correlated with the sexist attitudes before and after the treatment; (b) the men convicted of violence against the partner held with less certainty their general beliefs about morality and their particular beliefs about the binding moral foundations (in‐group, authority, and purity) after the unspecific psychological treatment; and (c) their moral absolutism before the treatment predicted the remaining sexist attitudes after the treatment. Practical implications can be drawn to better understand this kind of prevalent violence and eventually to improve the psychological treatments.
Nivolumab‐induced autoimmune diabetes
Authors: Chan Jenny T. K. , Jones Ellen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundAdvances in research on lung cancer treatment have extended to manipulating the immune system for cancer treatment. A new class of monoclonal antibodies, which inhibit the programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1)/PD‐ligand1 (PD‐L1) immune checkpoint alliance, is being used for treatment in lung cancer, especially in heavily pretreated patients. An example of this class is nivolumab. Here we report an incident of autoimmune diabetes thought to have been induced by nivolumab.Clinical detailsA 78‐year‐old woman with no prior history of diabetes presented to the emergency department (ED) with a 3‐day history of lethargy, anorexia, dyspnoea, polyuria and polydipsia, following her third treatment of nivolumab infusion for her metastatic lung cancer. Her pathology results and clinical symptoms were consistent with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis.OutcomesThe patient's symptoms resolved after interventions of the ED, medical and endocrinology teams. She was eventually discharged from the hospital with insulin for her diabetes. Despite good disease response, the patient declined further nivolumab treatment. Manipulation of the immune checkpoint molecules may disrupt immunologic haemostasis and lead to autoimmune‐like side effects. Similar adverse events have previously been reported with this drug class in the treatment of various cancers.ConclusionThis case report highlights a probable causal relationship between nivolumab and diabetes. The adverse effects associated with nivolumab may not be fully familiar to all. This case report serves to raise awareness among healthcare professionals about this rare nivolumab‐associated adverse effect.
Brief review of complementary and alternative medicine use among Malaysian women with breast cancer
Authors: Khan Tahir Mehmood , Jacob Sabrina Anne 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBreast cancer is rated as the most common cancer among women in Malaysia, resulting in 25% of cancer‐related deaths in women. However, effective management has been impeded by the burgeoning use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by these patients. Indeed, women with breast cancer in Malaysia present at a later stage of the disease compared to women from other countries, and a contributing factor has been their preference for CAM treatment prior to seeking conventional therapy. This article explores the impetus behind the use of CAM, and highlights some measures that can be taken to address this issue. Some of the influencing factors noted were patients' lack of knowledge, sociocultural factors, as well as poor communication with healthcare providers. There needs to be a concerted effort by the key players who are either directly or indirectly involved in the care of these patients to address whatever misconceptions they may have that are related to cancer as well as CAM use. Pharmacists especially, as the drug experts, can play a bigger role in educating these patients on the importance of using evidence‐based treatments.
Objective Measurement and Characterization of Sleep Benefit in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Lee Will , Evans Andrew H. , Williams David R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundSleep benefit (SB) in Parkinson's disease refers to improved motor symptoms upon waking despite an entire night without medications. Although it was first proposed 30 years ago, this phenomenon proved difficult to investigate, and its true prevalence and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify and quantify SB through measurement of motor function using a validated smartphone application and to identify disease characteristics that predicted SB.MethodsNinety‐two patients recruited from 2 Movement Disorder Services were clinically assessed at home using a validated smartphone application. Each patient was tested in the on‐state, at the end of dose, and on waking (before medications) 3 times. Differences between the 3 states were used to determine the impact of sleep and levodopa on motor function. SB was considered to be a “measurable improvement in parkinsonism from the end of dose.”ResultsThe morning waking motor function of 20 patients (22%) improved compared with the end‐of‐dose function, with 9 patients demonstrating superior function compared with their on‐state. No clinical features predicted SB. Although all participants subjectively reported motor fluctuations, only 35 patients (38%) demonstrated an objective improvement with levodopa. Patients who had SB more often demonstrated objective motor fluctuations compared with those who did not (65% vs. 31%; P = 0.008).ConclusionsSB is a genuine motor phenomenon: 1 in 5 patients have a measurable improvement in motor function on waking. It remains questionable whether this improvement is a direct effect of sleep. Until its underlying mechanism is better understood, it is more appropriate to refer to this phenomenon as simply morning improvement or diurnal fluctuation of motor symptoms.
A mutation creating an upstream initiation codon in theSOX95′UTRcauses acampomelic campomelic dysplasia
Authors: von Bohlen Anna E. , Böhm Johann , Pop Ramona , Johnson Diana S. , Tolmie John , Stücker Ralf , Morris‐Rosendahl Deborah , Scherer Gerd 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundCampomelic dysplasia (CD) is a semilethal developmental disorder caused by mutations in and aroundSOX9.CDis characterized by multiple skeletal malformations including bending (campomelia) of long bones. Surviving patients frequently have the acampomelic form ofCD(ACD).MethodsThis is a single case report on a patient with clinical and radiological features ofACDwho has no mutation in theSOX9protein‐coding sequence nor a translocation with breakpoint in theSOX9regulatory domain. We include functional studies of the novel mutant protein in vitro and in cultured cells.ResultsThe patient was found to have a de novo heterozygous mutation c.‐185G>A in theSOX95′UTR. The mutation creates an upstream translation start codon,uAUG, with a much better fit of its flanking sequence to the Kozak consensus than the wild‐typeAUG. By in vitro transcription‐translation and transient transfection intoCOS‐7 cells, we show that theuAUGleads to translation of a short peptide from a reading frame that terminates just after the wild‐typeAUGstart codon. This results in reduced translation of the wild‐type protein, compatible with the milder phenotype of the patient.ConclusionFindings support the notion that more mildly affected, survivingCD/ACDpatients carry mutantSOX9alleles with residual expression ofSOX9 wild‐type protein. Although rarely described in human genetic disease and for the first time here forCD, mutations creating upstreamAUGcodons may be more common than generally assumed.
Cry1A(b)16 toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis: Theoretical refinement of three‐dimensional structure and prediction of peptides as molecular markers for detection of genetically modified organisms
Authors: Plácido Alexandra , Coelho Andreia , Abreu Nascimento Lucas , Gomes Vasconcelos Andreanne , Fátima Barroso Maria , Ramos‐Jesus Joilson , Costa Vladimir , das Chagas Alves Lima Francisco , Delerue‐Matos Cristina , Martins Ramos Ricardo , Marani Mariela M. , Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite José 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTTransgenic maize produced by the insertion of the Cry transgene into its genome became the second most cultivated crop worldwide. Cry gene from Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki expresses protein derivatives of crystalline endotoxins which confer insect resistance onto the maize crop. Mandatory labeling of processed food containing or made by genetically modified organisms is in force in many countries, so, it is very urgent to develop fast and practical methods for GMO identification, for example, biosensors. In the absence of an available empirical structure of Cry1A(b)16 protein, a theoretical model was effectively generated, in this work, by homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations based on two available homologous protein structures. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to refine the selected model, and an analysis of its global structure was performed. The refined models of Cry1A(b)16 showed a standard fold and structural characteristics similar to those seen in Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A(a) insecticidal toxin and Bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki Cry1A(c) toxin. After in silico analysis of Cry1A(b)16, two immunoreactive candidate peptides were selected and specific polyclonal antibodies were produced resulting in antibody–peptide interaction. Biosensing devices are expected to be developed for detection of the Cry1A(b) protein as a marker of transgenic maize in food. Proteins 2017; 85:1248–1257. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reanalysis of the Much Referenced Ethanol‐trichloromethane Mixture Vapor Pressure Data: A Discussion of the Principal Association Species Present
Authors: Manatt Stanley L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe Scatchard (S) and Raymond (R) 1938 data on the vapor pressure above ethanol (1)‐trichloromethane (2) mixtures at the temperatures of 35, 45 and 55° C are still being used today in discussions of the thermodynamic properties and association species present in 1‐2 mixtures. Here a detailed reanalysis of the originally published SR data has been carried out using the model free Redlich‐Kister excess chemical potential approach as applied by Barker. These results show how small temperature variations drastically affect mixture vapor pressure measurements. A number of weaknesses in SR's original analysis of their data and significant discrepancies between R's thesis results and those in the published SR paper have been uncovered. These discrepancies would impact the conclusions of anyone using SR's results. From the present reanalysis more accurate temperatures dependent Gibbs excess energies, excess entropies, excess enthalpies and activity coefficients have been calculated that could not been obtained from SR data analysis scheme. Based on available experimental and theoretical studies of the 1‐2 system it is argued that the major association species should be the cyclic 111 trimer and that the dimer 22 should be considered. This is counter to a current model for this system.
Pattern separation in the hippocampus through the eyes of computational modeling
Authors: Chavlis Spyridon , Poirazi Panayiota 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPattern separation is a mnemonic process that has been extensively studied over the years. It entails the ability ‐of primarily hippocampal circuits‐ to distinguish between highly similar inputs, via generating different neuronal activity (output) patterns. The dentate gyrus (DG) in particular has long been hypothesized to implement pattern separation by detecting and storing similar inputs as distinct representations. The ways in which these distinct representations can be generated have been explored in a number of theoretical and computational modeling studies. Here, we review two categories of pattern separation models: those that address the phenomenon in an abstract mathematical fashion and those that delve into the underlying biological mechanisms by taking into account the anatomy and/or physiology of hippocampal circuits. We summarize the strategies, findings and limitations of these modeling approaches in the light of new experimental findings and propose a unifying framework whereby different network, cellular and sub‐cellular mechanisms converge to a common goal: controlling sparsity, the key determinant of pattern separation in the DG.