bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression after stroke: a review of the evidence base to inform the development of an integrated care pathway. Part 2: Treatment alternatives
Authors: Turner-Stokes Lynne , Hassan Nibras 
Published: July 2002

Background: Depression is a common complication of stroke, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. It can impede the process of rehabilitation, and has been associated with poorer outcomes and increased length of stay in hospital. This systematic review was undertaken as a preliminary step to the development of an evidence-based integrated care pathway (ICP) for the management of post-stroke depression (PSD) in a rehabilitation setting, and is divided into two parts. In part 1 we reviewed the frequency of depression in stroke, its impact on functional recovery and the different methods for assessment. Aims and objectives: In part 2, we discuss the rationale for treatment of PSD, appraise the evidence for effectiveness of the different antidepressant drugs, and consider whether we can identify a recommended ”rst-line treatment for use in our ICP. Methods: Data sources comprised a computer-aided search of published studies on depression in stroke and references to literature used in reviews. Main ” ndings: From the few controlled trials of anti-depressant therapy in PSD, both tricyclics and selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) appear to be effective, but the latter may be preferable in stroke because of their prompt action and better side-effect pro”les. Within the group of SSRIs there is currently no direct evidence to guide the choice of agent. In the absence of ”rm guidance, sertraline was chosen on theoretical grounds as one of the most potent with minimal sedative effects and no reported interaction with warfarin. Citalopram may offer an appropriate second choice. Conclusions: A suggested regimen for the use of sertraline in PSD was put forward. Development of an ICP may help to establish a more consistent approach to assessment and treatment of PSD, and form a basis for future comparison of different treatments as they become available.
The Pathology of Familial Breast Cancer: Predictive Value of Immunohistochemical Markers Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, HER-2, and p53 in Patients With Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2
Authors: Lakhani Sunil R. , van de Vijver Marc J. , Jacquemier Jocelyne , Anderson Thomas J. , Osin Peter P. , McGuffog Lesley , Easton Douglas F. 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: The morphologic and molecular phenotype of breast cancers may help identify patients who are likely to carry germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. This study evaluates the immunohistochemical profiles of tumors arising in patients with mutations in these genes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of breast cancers obtained from the International Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium were characterized morphologically and immunohistochemically using antibodies to estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER-2 (c-erbB-2 oncogene), and p53 protein. RESULTS: Breast cancers in patients with BRCA1 germline mutations are more often negative for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER-2, and are more likely to be positive for p53 protein compared with controls. In contrast, BRCA2 tumors do not show a significant difference in the expression of any of these proteins compared with controls. CONCLUSION: BRCA1 has a distinctive morphology and immunohistochemical phenotype. The combined morphologic and immunohistochemical data can be used to predict the risk of a young patient harboring a germline mutation in BRCA1. The BRCA2 phenotype is currently not well defined.
Ultrafast and Highly Efficient Sodium Ion Storage in Manganese‐Based Tunnel‐Structured Cathode
Authors: Liu Hanghui , Feng Ruijie , Hussain Fiaz , Liu Yanchen , Wang Liuqi , Fan Qi , Ni Mingzhu , Qiu Ce , Sun Mingqing , Wang Jinshi , Wang Tong , Shi Zhengyi , Zhu Xiaohui , Xia Hui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNa0.44MnO2 with tunnel structure is considered a promising low‐cost cathode material for sodium‐ion batteries. However, the sluggish Na+ transport kinetics and low initial Coulombic efficiency restrict its practical applications in rechargeable sodium‐ion batteries. Herein, a manganese‐based tunnel‐structured cathode with high rate capability and high initial Coulombic efficiency is prepared by niobium doping and sodium compensation. Via materials characterizations and theoretical calculations, it is demonstrated that a proper amount of niobium doping in tunnel structure can effectively improve its structural stability and charge transport kinetics, resulting in outstanding rate capability (76.6% capacity retained from 0.5 to 30 C) and superior cycling performance (82.3% capacity retention after 800 cycles at 5 C) for the optimized Nb‐doped Na0.44MnO2 cathode (Na0.44Mn0.98Nb0.02O2). Furthermore, NaCrO2 is added into the Na0.44Mn0.98Nb0.02O2 cathode as a self‐sacrificing sodium compensation additive, and a high initial Coulombic efficiency close to 100% is achieved for the composite cathode. This work establishes a facile strategy to design advanced manganese‐based cathode materials for large‐scale energy storage applications.
Inulin‐Based Nanoparticle Modulates Gut Microbiota and Immune Microenvironment for Improving Colorectal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhu Runqi , Yuan Wenhui , Xia Anqi , Sun Xujie , Yan Wenlu , Wu Ting , Wang Guanru , Li Yu , Yin Qi , Li Yaping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn consideration of the important influence of gut microbiota on colorectal cancer (CRC) development and host immune system, regulating microbiota and intestinal environment can be an assisting approach to CRC treatment. To remodel tumor microenvironment, the anti‐CRC molecular targeting drug regorafenib (REG)‐encapsulating nanoparticle (UIRN) is constructed with the amphiphilic inulin‐ursodeoxycholic acid conjugate. UIRN increases the intra‐tumoral concentration and accumulation time of REG. In the CT26 tumor‐bearing mouse model, the relative abundance of probiotics and short‐chain fatty acid concentrations in colon are upregulated after treatment with UIRN, with decreased proportion of pro‐tumoral bacteria. Combining gut microbiota modulation and the function of REG to induce polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages toward the M1‐type, UIRN conquers immunosuppression and enhances anti‐tumor immunity. UIRN not only efficiently controls tumor progression alone but also exhibits adjuvant effects to chemotherapy and immunotherapy agents. The microbiota‐regulating and tumor‐suppressing functions of UIRN also work in the colitis‐associated CRC model. With good biosafety, UIRN displays hopeful application prospects in CRC therapy.
Engineered Nanotopographies Induce Transient Openings in the Nuclear Membrane
Authors: Sarikhani Einollah , Patel Vrund , Li Zhi , Meganathan Dhivya Pushpa , Rahmani Keivan , Sadr Leah , Hosseini Ryan , Visda Diether , Shukla Shivani , Naghsh‐Nilchi Hamed , Balaji Adarsh , McMahon Gillian , Chen Shaoming , Schöneberg Johannes , McHugh Colleen A. , Shi Lingyan , Jahed Zeinab 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMaterials with engineered nano‐scale surface topographies, such as nanopillars, nanoneedles, and nanowires, mimic natural structures like viral spike proteins, enabling them to bypass biological barriers like the plasma membrane. These properties have led to applications in nanoelectronics for intracellular sensing and drug delivery platforms, some of which are already in clinical trials. Here, evidence is present that nanotopographic materials can induce transient openings in the nuclear membranes of various cell types without penetrating the cells, breaching the nucleo‐cytoplasmic barrier, and allowing uncontrolled molecular exchange across the nuclear membrane. These openings, induced by nanoscale curvature, are temporary and repaired through the Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport (ESCRT)‐mediated mechanisms. The findings suggest a potential for nano\topographic materials to temporarily breach the nuclear membrane with potential applications in direct nuclear sensing and delivery.
A Battery‐Free Wireless Tactile Sensor for Multimodal Force Perception
Authors: Gu Haicheng , Lu Bohan , Gao Zhenqiu , Wu Shaokuan , Zhang Liming , Xie Lingjie , Yi Jixin , Liu Yina , Nie Baoqing , Wen Zhen , Sun Xuhui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMultimodal tactile sensors, as key information input channel in human‐machine interactions, have faced the significant challenges including high power‐consumption, multimodal data fusion, and wireless transmission. In this work, a battery‐free multimodal wireless tactile sensor (TC‐MWTS) based on tribo‐capacitive coupled effect for normal and shear force fusion sensing is proposed, which is enabled by a 3D structure combining a triboelectric sensor and a capacitive sensor coupled with an inductive coil. A triboelectric sensor equipped with contact‐discharge structures exhibits 25‐fold wireless signal enhancement compared to conventional triboelectric sensors. Based on the characteristics of dual time‐frequency domain information existing in the wireless signals, both normal and shear forces can simultaneously be converted into voltage amplitude V and eigenfrequency f, respectively, without crosstalk and complex decoupling signals. The TC‐MWTS exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 2.47 V kPa−1 for normal force from 2 to 30 kPa and a sensitivity of 0.28 MHz N−1 for shear force between 0.3 and 1.0 N. Finally, the excellent sensing capability of TC‐MWTS to sense complex multidimensional forces in human‐machine interaction is demonstrated. This work innovatively proposes a new mechanism and methodology for effectively fusing and processing multimodal tactile information, which may drive the tremendous development of low‐power multimodal tactile sensing system.
Dual‐Ion Co‐Insertion Engineering for Kinetics Enhancement and Stress Regulation in Cu3VS4 Toward Durable Magnesium/Lithium Hybrid Batteries
Authors: Si Wenhui , Tian Miao , Wang Zhitao , Ma Heping , Du Yibo , Wang Wenlong , Zhang Wenming , Yang Hui Ying , Chen Song 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRechargeable magnesium batteries (rMBs) have tremendous development prospects in the field of energy storage, however, the strong electrostatic interactions induced by divalent Mg2+ give rise to the sluggish diffusion kinetics. Herein, the dual ion co‐intercalation strategy is proposed to expedite ion migration in Cu3VS4, achieving elevated specific capacity, transcendent rate capability, and ultra‐stable cycling capability. Kinetic analyses combined with DFT calculations indicate that the dual‐ion co‐insertion can fast charge transfer, reduce the diffusion barrier of Mg2+and optimize the reaction kinetics. Finite element simulations quantitatively verify that dual ion co‐intercalation contributes to alleviating magnesiation/lithiation‐induced stress in the shell layer and maintains structural integrity from a mechanical standpoint. Ex situ characterizations profoundly illustrates the multistep magnesium/lithium storage mechanisms and the evolution of structure. The proposed cation co‐intercalation strategy not only holds promise in opening new insights for high‐performance, continuously stable rMBs, but also provides inspiration for multivalent battery systems.
Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Heterogeneous Role of Conducting Films Upon Electrical Stimulation
Authors: Lawler Nicholas B. , Bhatt Uditi , Agarwal Vipul , Evans Cameron W. , Kaluskar Priya , Amos Sebastian E. , Chen Kai , Yao Yin , Jiang Haibo , Choi Yu Suk , Zheng Minghao , Spagnoli Dino , Suarez‐Martinez Irene , Zetterlund Per B. , Wallace Vincent P. , Harvey Alan R. , Hodgetts Stuart I. , Iyer K. Swaminathan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) injuries and neurodegenerative diseases have markedly poor prognoses and can result in permanent dysfunction due to the general inability of CNS neurons to regenerate. Differentiation of transplanted stem cells has emerged as a therapeutic avenue to regenerate tissue architecture in damaged areas. Electrical stimulation is a promising approach for directing the differentiation outcomes and pattern of outgrowth of transplanted stem cells, however traditional inorganic bio‐electrodes can induce adverse effects such as inflammation. This study demonstrates the implementation of two organic thin films, a polymer/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (P(rGO)) and PEDOT:PSS, that have favorable properties for implementation as conductive materials for electrical stimulation, as well as an inorganic indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive film. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that electrical stimulation improves neuronal differentiation of SH‐SY5Y cells on all three films, with the greatest effect for P(rGO). Unique material‐ and electrical stimuli‐mediated effects are observed, associated with differentiation, cell‐substrate adhesion, and translation. The work demonstrates that P(rGO) and PEDOT:PSS are highly promising organic materials for the development of biocompatible, conductive scaffolds that will enhance electrically‐aided stem cell therapeutics for CNS injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.
Recapitulating the Cancer‐Immunity Cycle on a Chip
Authors: Lee Yujin , Min Jaehong , Kim Solbin , Park Wooju , Ko Jihoon , Jeon Noo Li 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe cancer‐immunity cycle is a fundamental framework for understanding how the immune system interacts with cancer cells, balancing T cell recognition and elimination of tumors while avoiding autoimmune reactions. Despite advancements in immunotherapy, there remains a critical need to dissect each phase of the cycle, particularly the interactions among the tumor, vasculature, and immune system within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Innovative platforms such as organ‐on‐a‐chip, organoids, and bioprinting within microphysiological systems (MPS) are increasingly utilized to enhance the understanding of these interactions. These systems meticulously replicate crucial aspects of the TME and immune responses, providing robust platforms to study cancer progression, immune evasion, and therapeutic interventions with greater physiological relevance. This review explores the latest advancements in MPS technologies for modeling various stages of the cancer‐immune cycle, critically evaluating their applications and limitations in advancing the understanding of cancer‐immune dynamics and guiding the development of next‐generation immunotherapeutic strategies.
Chain Friction and Lubrication Balanced Ultra‐Tough Polyacrylates With Wide‐Span Switchable Stiffness for Strain‐Programmable Deformation
Authors: Zheng Guojun , Xiong Wenjie , Xu Yiting , Zeng Birong , Yuan Conghui , Dai Lizong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNatural mollusks perform complex mechanical actions through reversible large‐strain deformation and stiffness switching, which are challenging to achieve simultaneously in synthetic materials. Herein, it is shown that a set of polyacrylates designed according to a chain friction and lubrication balanced strategy shows ultra‐stretchability (λ up to 324), high resilience (near 100% recovery at strain ≥ 100), and wide‐span stiffness switching (up to 2073 times). The typical emulsion polymerization method and casting technique are adopted to fabricate the polyacrylate films. Quaternary ammonium surfactants are used as the emulsifier and reserved in the polymer matrix to enhance the chain segment lubrication with their long alkyl group but improve the whole chain friction through the formation of nano‐eutectics. These polyacrylates undergo multimodal mechanical responses, including temperature‐ or time‐programmed deformation and load‐bearing like artificial muscles. This molecular design principle and synthetic method provide a robust platform for the fabrication of ultra‐tough polymers for soft robots with multiple customized functions.
High‐Resolution Structuring of Silica‐Based Nanocomposites for the Fabrication of Transparent Multicomponent Glasses with Adjustable Properties
Authors: Prediger Richard , Kluck Sebastian , Hambitzer Leonhard , Sauter Daniel , Kotz‐Helmer Frederik 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSilicate‐based multicomponent glasses are of high interest for technical applications due to their tailored properties, such as an adaptable refractive index or coefficient of thermal expansion. However, the production of complex structured parts is associated with high effort, since glass components are usually shaped from high‐temperature melts with subsequent mechanical or chemical postprocessing. Here for the first time the fabrication of binary and ternary multicomponent glasses using doped nanocomposites based on silica nanoparticles and photocurable metal oxide precursors as part of the binder matrix is presented. The doped nanocomposites are structured in high resolution using UV‐casting and additive manufacturing techniques, such as stereolithography and two‐photon lithography. Subsequently, the composites are thermally converted into transparent glass. By incorporating titanium oxide, germanium oxide, or zirconium dioxide into the silicate glass network, multicomponent glasses are fabricated with an adjustable refractive index nD between 1.4584–1.4832 and an Abbe number V of 53.85–61.13. It is further demonstrated that by incorporating 7 wt% titanium oxide, glasses with ultralow thermal expansion can be fabricated with so far unseen complexity. These novel materials enable for the first time high‐precision lithographic structuring of multicomponent silica glasses with applications from optics and photonics, semiconductors as well as sensors.
Chiral Intranasal Nanovaccines as Antivirals for Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Authors: Shi Baimei , Qu Aihua , Li Zongda , Xiong Yingcai , Ji Jianjian , Xu Liguang , Xu Chuanlai , Sun Maozhong , Kuang Hua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to develop an intranasal nanovaccine by combining chiral nanoparticles with the RSV pre‐fusion protein (RSV protein) to create L‐nanovaccine (L‐Vac). The results showed that L‐NPs increased antigen attachment in the nasal cavity by 3.83 times and prolonged its retention time to 72 h. In vivo experimental data demonstrated that the intranasal immunization with L‐Vac induced a 4.86‐fold increase in secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) secretion in the upper respiratory tract, a 1.85‐fold increase in the lower respiratory tract, and a 20.61‐fold increase in RSV‐specific immunoglobin G (IgG) titer levels in serum, compared with the commercial Alum Vac, while the neutralizing activity against the RSV authentic virus is 1.66‐fold higher. The mechanistic investigation revealed that L‐Vac activated the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway in nasal epithelial cells (NECs), in turn increasing the expression levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and C–C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) by 1.67‐fold and 3.46‐fold, respectively, through the downstream nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway. Meanwhile, CCL20 recruited dendritic cells (DCs) and L‐Vac activated the Toll‐like receptor signaling pathway in DCs, promoting IL‐6 expression and DCs maturation, and boosted sIgA production and T‐cell responses. The findings suggested that L‐ Vac may serve as a candidate for the development of intranasal medicine against various types of respiratory infections.
Multifunctional Scavenger Boosts Cathode Interfacial Stability with Reduced Water Footprint for Direct Recycling of Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Xiaolu , Yu Sicen , Lin Jiao , Gupta Varun , Gao Hongpeng , Li Weikang , Appleberry Maura , Liu Ping , Chen Zheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe burgeoning accumulation of spent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), a byproduct from the widespread adoption of portable electronics and electric vehicles, necessitates efficient recycling strategies. Direct recycling represents a promising strategy to maximize the value of LIB waste and minimize harmful environmental outcomes. However, current efforts to large‐scale direct recycling face challenges stemming from heterophase residues (e.g., Li2CO3, LiOH) in the recycled products and uncontrolled interfacial instability, often requiring repeated washing that generates significant wastewater. Here, a refined direct recycling process is proposed to improve cathode interface stability by leveraging in situ reaction between surface residual lithium species and a weak inorganic acid to form a conformal Li+ conductive coating that stabilizes the regenerated Ni‐rich cathodes with significantly reduced water footprint. The findings reveal that the conductive coating also prevents direct contact between contaminants and the cathode surface, thus improving the ambient storage stability. By eliminating the need for extensive washing, this intensified recycling process offers a more sustainable approach with the potential to transition from laboratory to industrial‐scale applications, improving both product quality and environmental sustainability.
Constructing Multiscale Fibrous Morphology to Achieve 20% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells by Mixing High and Low Molecular Weight D18
Authors: Wei Nan , Chen Jieni , Cheng Yetai , Bian Ziqing , Liu Wenlong , Song Haoming , Guo Yawen , Zhang Wenkai , Liu Yahui , Lu Hao , Zhou Jianjun , Bo Zhishan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study underscores the significance of precisely manipulating the morphology of the active layer in organic solar cells (OSCs). By blending polymer donors of D18 with varying molecular weights, a multiscale interpenetrating fiber network structure within the active layer is successfully created. The introduction of 10% low molecular weight D18 (LW‐D18) into high molecular weight D18 (HW‐D18) produces MIX‐D18, which exhibits an extended exciton diffusion distance and orderly molecular stacking. Devices utilizing MIX‐D18 demonstrate superior electron and hole transport, improves exciton dissociation, enhances charge collection efficiency, and reduces trap‐assisted recombination compared to the other two materials. Through the use of the nonfullerene acceptor L8‐BO, a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.0% is achieved. This methodology, which integrates the favorable attributes of high and low molecular weight polymers, opens a new avenue for enhancing the performance of OSCs.
Targeting the Labile Iron Pool with Engineered DFO Nanosheets to Inhibit Ferroptosis for Parkinson's Disease Therapy
Authors: Lei Li , Yuan Jiali , Dai Zhijun , Xiang Song , Tu Qiuxia , Cui Xing , Zhai Suzhen , Chen Xiaozhong , He Zhixu , Fang Boyan , Xu Zhiai , Yu Haijun , Tang Lei , Zhang Chunlin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFerroptosis in neurons is considered one of the key factors that induces Parkinson's disease (PD), which is caused by excessive iron accumulation in the intracellular labile iron pool (LIP). The iron ions released from the LIP lead to the aberrant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to trigger ferroptosis and exacerbate PD progression. Herein, a pioneering design of multifunctional nanoregulator deferoxamine (DFO)‐integrated nanosheets (BDPR NSs) is presented that target the LIP to restrict ferroptosis and protect against PD. The BDPR NSs are constructed by incorporating a brain‐targeting peptide and DFO into polydopamine‐modified black phosphorus nanosheets. These BDPR NSs can sequester free iron ions, thereby ameliorating LIP overload and regulating iron metabolism. Furthermore, the BDPR NSs can decrease lipid peroxidation generation by mitigating ROS accumulation. More importantly, BDPR NSs can specifically accumulate in the mitochondria to suppress ROS generation and decrease mitochondrial iron accumulation. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the BDPR NSs highly efficiently mitigated dopaminergic neuronloss and its associated behavioral disorders by modulating the LIP and inhibiting ferroptosis. Thus, the BDPR‐based nanovectors holds promise as a potential avenue for advancing PD therapy.