bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case Report of Postmortem Radiography of Acute, Fatal Abdominal Distension After Binge Eating
Authors: Usui Akihito , Kawasumi Yusuke , Ishizuka Yuya , Hosokai Yoshiyuki , Ikeda Tomoya , Saito Haruo , Funayama Masato 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This case report describes a woman who developed fatal gastric dilatation after binge eating. She called an ambulance because of stomach pain. When she arrived at the hospital, she did not look seriously ill. However, she rapidly became unconscious and collapsed immediately after she was laid on the examination table in a supine position. Postmortem chest x-ray and computed tomography showed right shift of the mediastinum and raised left diaphragm caused by massive gastric distension. Computed tomography showed no visible inferior vena cava. We think that her sudden deterioration was caused by movement of her stomach contents. Radiographic images provided some clues to the cause of her rapid collapse and death.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Anticholinergics Versus Botox for Urgency Urinary Incontinence: Results From the Anticholinergic Versus Botox Comparison Randomized Trial
Authors: Visco Anthony G. , Zyczynski Halina , Brubaker Linda , Nygaard Ingrid , Xu Xiao , Lukacz Emily S. , Paraiso Marie Fidela , Greer Jerod , Rahn David D. , Meikle Susan F. , Honeycutt Amanda A. 
Published: August 2016

Objectives
This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of Botox and anticholinergic (AC) medications for the management of urgency urinary incontinence (UUI).

Methods
Cost and effectiveness data were analyzed from participants in the Anticholinergic versus Botox Comparison randomized trial of daily AC medication versus 100 U of intradetrusor Botox injection. Societal costs included the following: treatment costs, patient costs, and medical and nonmedical utilization during the 6-month trial. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were calculated based on questionnaire-derived utility measures and annualized based on data collected at baseline through 6 months. We also estimated the average direct costs for each treatment through 9 months — the duration of time when approximately half the Botox participants maintained adequate symptom control.

Results
Data were analyzed on the 231 women who completed a 6-month follow-up in the Anticholinergic versus Botox Comparison trial (119 AC and 112 Botox). The mean reduction in UUI episodes per day was not significantly different per group. The cumulative mean direct costs through the first 6 months also were similar: $1339 for the AC group and $1266 for the Botox group with AC costs exceeding Botox costs after 5 months. Both groups had considerable QALY gains. Annualizing the 6-month trial results to a 12-month measure, the AC and Botox groups averaged 0.702 and 0.707 QALYs, respectively. Estimates through 9 months favored Botox, showing that AC participants incurred a higher cost per month of adequate symptoms control ($305) compared with Botox participants ($207).

Conclusions
Botox and AC medications have similar costs and effectiveness in the first 6 months of UUI treatment. If costs and outcomes are considered through 9 months, Botox may have significantly lower costs but similar UUI symptom control as AC.
Baclofen in the Therapeutic of Sequele of Traumatic Brain Injury: Spasticity
Authors: Pérez-Arredondo Adán , Cázares-Ramírez Eduardo , Carrillo-Mora Paul , Martínez-Vargas Marina , Cárdenas-Rodríguez Noemí , Coballase-Urrutia Elvia , Alemón-Medina Radamés , Sampieri Aristides , Navarro Luz , Carmona-Aparicio Liliana 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is an alteration in brain function, caused by an external force, which may be a hit on the skull, rapid acceleration or deceleration, penetration of an object, or shock waves from an explosion. Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a high prevalence rate in pediatric patients, in which treatment options are still limited, not available at present neuroprotective drugs. Although the therapeutic management of these patients is varied and dependent on the severity of the injury, general techniques of drug types are handled, as well as physical and surgical. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used to treat spasticity and improve mobility in patients with spinal cord injuries, relieving pain and muscle stiffness. Pharmacological support with baclofen is contradictory, because disruption of its oral administration may cause increased muscle tone syndrome and muscle spasm, prolonged seizures, hyperthermia, dysesthesia, hallucinations, or even multisystem organ failure. Combined treatments must consider the pathophysiology of broader alterations than only excitation/inhibition context, allowing the patient's reintegration with the greatest functionality.
Frameshift and wild-type proteins are highly similar because the genetic code and genomes were optimized for frameshift tolerance
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Dong Quanjiang , Chen Gang , Zhang Jianye , Liu Yongqiang , Cai Yujia 
Published: August 2016

AbstractFrameshift protein sequences encoded by alternative reading frames of coding genes have been considered meaningless, and frameshift mutations have been considered of little importance for the molecular evolution of coding genes and proteins. However, functional frameshifts have been found widely existing. It was puzzling how a frameshift protein kept its structure and functionality while its amino-acid sequence was changed substantially. Here we show that frame similarities between frameshifts and wild types are higher than random similarities and are defined at the genetic code, gene, and genome levels. In the standard genetic code, frameshift codon substitutions are more conservative than random substitutions. The frameshift tolerability of the standard genetic code ranks in the top 2.0-3.5% of alternative genetic codes, showing that the genetic code is nearly optimal for frameshift tolerance. Furthermore, frameshift-resistant codons (codon pairs) appear more frequently than expected in many genes and certain genomes, showing that the frameshift optimality is reflected not only in the genetic code but more importantly, in its allowance of further optimizing the frameshift tolerance of a particular gene or genome, which shed light on the role of frameshift mutations in molecular and genomic evolution.
Untangling the Components of Phenotypic Plasticity in Nonlinear Reaction Norms of Drosophila Mediopunctata Pigmentation
Authors: Rocha Felipe Bastos , Klaczko Louis Bernard 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity may evolve as a generalist strategy to cope with environmental heterogeneity. Empirical studies, however, rarely find results confirming this prediction. This may be related to constraints imposed by the genetic architecture underlying plasticity variation. Three components of plasticity are central to characterize its variation: the intensity of response, the direction of response and the total amount of change. Reaction norm functions are a key analytical tool in plasticity studies. The more complex they are, the more plasticity components will vary independently, requiring more parameters to be described. Experimental studies are continuously collecting results showing that actual reaction norms are often nonlinear. This demands an analytical framework – yet to be developed – capable of straightforwardly untangling plasticity components. In Drosophila mediopunctata, the number of dark spots on the abdomen decreases as a response to increasing developmental temperatures. We have previously described a strong association between reaction norm curvature and across-environment mean values in homozygous strains. Here, we describe seven new reaction norms of heterozygous genotypes and further the investigation on the genetic architecture of this trait’s plasticity, testing three competing models from the literature – Overdominance, Epistasis and Pleiotropy. We use the curves of localized slopes of each reaction norm – Local Plasticity functions – to characterize the plastic response intensity and direction, and introduce a Global Plasticity parameter to quantify their total amount of change. Uncoupling plasticity components allowed us to discard the Overdominance model, weaken the Epistasis model and strengthen the support for the Pleiotropy model. Furthermore, this approach allows the elaboration of a coherent developmental model for the pigmentation of D. mediopunctata where genetic variation at one single feature explains the patterns of plasticity and overall expression of the trait. We claim that Global Plasticity and Local Plasticity may prove instrumental to the understanding of adaptive reaction norm evolution
Laboratory strains ofAedes aegyptiare Competent to Brazilian Zika virus
Authors: Costa-da-Silva André Luis , Ioshino Rafaella Sayuri , Araújo Helena Rocha Corrêa , Kojin Bianca Burini , Zanotto Paolo Marinho de Andrade , Oliveira Danielle Bruna Leal , Melo Stella Rezende , Durigon Edison Luiz , Capurro Margareth Lara 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSince the Zika outbreaks are unprecedented human threat in relation to congenital malformations and neurological/autoimmune complications as well as its high potential to spread in regions presenting the vectors, improvements in mosquito control is a top priority. Thus,Aedes aegyptilaboratory strains will be fundamental to support studies in different research fields implicated on Zika-mosquito interactions which are the basis for the development of innovative control methods. In this sense, we determined the main infection aspects of the Brazilian Zika strain in referenceAedes aegyptilaboratory mosquitoes.We orally exposed Rockefeller, Higgs and Rexville mosquitoes to a Brazilian ZIKV (ZIKVBR) and qRT-PCR was applied to determine the infection and dissemination rates, and viral levels in mosquito tissues as well as in the saliva. The ZIKVBRkinetics was monitored during the infection in Rockefeller mosquitoes. Rockefeller strain was the most susceptible at 7 days post-infection but all strains presented similar infection levels at 14 days post-infection. Although variations in the saliva detection rates were observed, we confirmed that ZIKVBRwas present in saliva from Rockefeller, Higgs and Rexville females at detectable levels at 14 days post-infection. The ZIKVBRkinetics in Rockefeller mosquitoes showed that the virus could be detected in the heads at 4 days post-infection but was more consistently detected late in infection. The viral levels peaked at 11 days post-infection in the mosquito bodies, remaining stable until 14 days post-infection, in contrast to the heads, where the mean viral levels only peaked at 14 days post-infection.Our study presents the first evaluation on how Brazilian Zika virus behaves in referenceAedes aegyptistrains and shed light on how the infection evolves over time. Vector competence and basic hallmarks of the ZIKVBRdevelopment were revealed in laboratory mosquitoes. This study provides additional information to accelerate studies focusing on ZIKV-mosquito interactions.
CRISPR/Cas9 gene drives in genetically variable and non-randomly mating wild populations
Authors: Drury Douglas W. , Siniard Dylan J. , Zentner Gabriel E. , Wade Michael J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSynthetic gene drives based on CRISPR/Cas9 have the potential to control, alter or suppress populations of crop pests and disease vectors, but it is unclear how they will function in wild populations. Using genetic data from four populations of the flour beetleTribolium castaneum, we show that most populations harbor genetic variants in Cas9 target sites, some of which would render them immune to drive (ITD). We show that even a rare ITD allele can reduce or eliminate the efficacy of CRISPR/Cas9-based synthetic gene. This effect is equivalent to and accentuated by mild inbreeding, which is a characteristic of many diseasevectoring arthropods. We conclude that designing such a drive will require characterization of genetic variability and the mating system within and among targeted populations.
Interacting networks of resistance, virulence and core machinery genes identified by genome-wide epistasis analysis
Authors: Skwark Marcin J. , Croucher Nicholas J , Puranen Santeri , Chewapreecha Claire , Pesonen Maiju , Xu Ying ying , Turner Paul , Harris Simon R. , Parkhill Julian , Bentley Stephen D. , Aurell Erik , Corander Jukka 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRecent advances in the scale and diversity of population genomic datasets for bacteria now provide the potential for genome-wide patterns of co-evolution to be studied at the resolution of individual bases. The major human pathogenStreptococcus pneumoniaerepresents the first bacterial organism for which densely enough sampled population data became available for such an analysis. Here we describe a new statistical method, genomeDCA, which uses recent advances in computational structural biology to identify the polymorphic loci under the strongest co-evolutionary pressures. Genome data from over three thousand pneumococcal isolates identified 5,199 putative epistatic interactions between 1,936 sites. Over three-quarters of the links were between sites within thepbp2x,pbp1aandpbp2bgenes, the sequences of which are critical in determining non-susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics. A network-based analysis found these genes were also coupled to that encoding dihydrofolate reductase, changes to which underlie trimethoprim resistance. Distinct from these resistance genes, a large network component of 384 protein coding sequences encompassed many genes critical in basic cellular functions, while another distinct component included genes associated with virulence. These results have the potential both to identify previously unsuspected protein-protein interactions, as well as genes making independent contributions to the same phenotype. This approach greatly enhances the future potential of epistasis analysis for systems biology, and can complement genome-wide association studies as a means of formulating hypotheses for experimental work.Author SummaryEpistatic interactions between polymorphisms in DNA are recognized as important drivers of evolution in numerous organisms. Study of epistasis in bacteria has been hampered by the lack of both densely sampled population genomic data, suitable statistical models and powerful inference algorithms for extremely high-dimensional parameter spaces. We introduce the first model-based method for genome-wide epistasis analysis and use the largest available bacterial population genome data set on Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) to demonstrate its potential for biological discovery. Our approach reveals interacting networks of resistance, virulence and core machinery genes in the pneumococcus, which highlights putative candidates for novel drug targets. Our method significantly enhances the future potential of epistasis analysis for systems biology, and can complement genome-wide association studies as a means of formulating hypotheses for experimental work.
Organizational citizenship behavior, identification, psychological contract and leadership frames
Authors: Nguyen Bang , Chang Kirk , Rowley Chris , Japutra Arnold 
Published: August 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) by combining two heterogeneous perspectives, integrating OCB-related factors at work using both personal and organizational perspectives, thus contributing to the knowledge of OCB.Design/methodology/approachTwo studies are conducted using surveys in Taiwan with a snowball sampling technique to enlarge participation. Study 1 analyzes the relationships between organizational identification (OID), expected psychological contract (PC), perceived PC (PPC) and OCB. Study 2 analyzes the relationship between OCB and principals’ (or head teachers’) leadership frames (LFs).FindingsStudy 1 finds that OID is an antecedent of OCB and that expected PC (EPC) moderates the OID-OCB relationship. Study 2 finds that the symbolic LF is the only antecedent of OCB and that different LFs influence each other in predicting OCB. EPC is found to moderate the OID-OCB relationship, indicating that primary school teachers’ (PSTs) with higher levels of EPC are more likely to demonstrate OCB at school. Interestingly, PPC did not demonstrate such a moderating effect.Originality/valueThe study makes three contributions. First, the authors analyze composite OCB via identity and PC theories (Study 1). Second, the authors scrutinize specific aspects of OCB via leader-member-exchange and LF theories. These aspects include assisting colleagues, job commitment, working morale and non-selfish behavior (Study 2). Third, the authors increase understanding of PSTs’ OCB, discussing important implications for school principals and human resource managers as well as perhaps others in similar sectors.
A job demands-resources approach to presenteeism
Authors: McGregor Alisha , Magee Christopher A. , Caputi Peter , Iverson Donald 
Published: August 2016

PurposeUtilising the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, the purpose of this paper is to examine how aspects of the psychosocial work environment (namely, job demands and resources) are associated with presenteeism, and in particular, whether they are indirectly related via burnout and work engagement.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey of 980 working Australians measured the relationships between job demands (i.e. workplace bullying, time pressure and work-family conflict), resources (i.e. leadership and social support), burnout, work engagement and presenteeism. Path analysis was used to test the proposed hypotheses whilst controlling for participant demographics (i.e. sex, age, work level, duration and education).FindingsHigher job demands (workplace bullying, time pressure, and work-family conflict) and lower job resources (leadership only) were found to be indirectly related to presenteeism via increased burnout. While increased job resources (leadership and social support) were indirectly related to presenteeism via improved work engagement.Practical implicationsThe findings are consistent with the JD-R model, and suggest that presenteeism may arise from the strain and burnout associated with overcoming excessive job demands as well as the reduced work engagement and higher burnout provoked by a lack of resources in the workplace. Intervention programmes could therefore focus on teaching employees how to better manage job demands as well as promoting the resources available at work as an innovative way to address the issue of rising presenteeism.Originality/valueThis study is important as it is one of the first to examine the theoretical underpinnings of the relationship between presenteeism and its antecedents.
The influence of corporate psychopaths on job satisfaction and its determinants
Authors: Boddy Clive Roland , Taplin Ross 
Published: August 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate job satisfaction and workplace psychopathy.Design/methodology/approachJob satisfaction has previously been seen as a function of various constructs. The authors take one step back from the literature to re-examine the relationship not just between job satisfaction, workplace conflict, organizational constraints, withdrawal from the workplace and perceived levels of corporate social responsibility, but also between all of these constructs and the presence of corporate psychopaths.FindingsThe authors find that there is a direct link between corporate psychopaths and job satisfaction. There are also indirect links through variables such as conflict, since corporate psychopaths influence conflict and other variables.Originality/valueImportantly, the research establishes that psychopathy is the dominant predictor of job satisfaction.
Setting high expectations is not enough
Authors: Audenaert Mieke , Decramer Adelien , Lange Thomas , Vanderstraeten Alex 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Drawing on climate theory and social exchange theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine whether and how the strength of the expectation climate, defined as the degree of agreement among job incumbents on what is expected from them, affects their job performance. To explain this relationship, the authors utilize mediating trust-in-the organization effects as an explanatory avenue.

Design/methodology/approach
In a time-lagged data sample of 568 public service employees, whose job performance is rated by their 242 line managers, the authors apply multilevel modeling. The authors employed stratified random sampling techniques across 75 job categories in a large, public sector organization in Belgium.

Findings
The analysis provides support for the argument that expectation climate strength via mediating trust-in-the organization effects impacts positively on the relationship between employee expectations and performance. Specifically, the significant association of the expectation climate strength with trust suggests that the perceived consensus about the expectations among different job incumbents demonstrates an organization’s trustworthiness and reliability to pursue intentions that are deemed favorable for employees. The authors conjecture that expectation climate strength breeds trust which strengthens employees’ job performance.

Practical implications
HRM professionals in general, and line managers in particular, should heed the advice and carefully manage their tools and practices in an effort to signal compatible expectancies to different job incumbents in the same or similar roles.

Originality/value
The results shed new light on the mechanisms through which the strength of collective expectations impacts employee outcomes.
Health harm of work from the sustainable HRM perspective: scale development and validation
Authors: Mariappanadar Sugumar 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a health harm of work scale from the sustainable HRM perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
A three-dimensional model was proposed for the health harm of work scale and validated (Total n=527) using a five-part study (item generation, item reduction, convergent, construct and discriminant validity).

Findings
Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported that the three dimensions (restrictions for positive health, the risk factors for psychological health and the side effect harm of work) simultaneously tap into different aspects of the health harm of work construct. The results from the construct validity revealed that health harm of work as a phenomenon has manifested itself in different facets of health harm of work intensification. Finally, the discriminant validity study revealed that the overlap between the dimensions of the health harm of work scale and the dimensions of recovery experience from the work questionnaire is low and it provides support for the discriminant validity of dimensions between these two scales.

Practical implications
The proposed measure can be used as potential leading indicators for negative occupational health to prevent or delay the onset of work-related illness manifestation or health consequences (sick leave, absenteeism, presenteeism, etc.).

Originality/value
This is the first study to validate a measure of health harm of work and to provide tangible evidence of health harm of work which will subsequently trigger organizations to introduce a planned intervention to improve occupational well-being to promote sustainable HRM.