bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Triglyceride-Glucose Index Levels During Perioperative Period on Outcomes in Femoral Neck Fracture Patients
Authors: Astan Sezer , Balta Orhan 
Published: September 2024

Introduction The objective of the present study is to assess the impact of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) on the prognosis and explore the correlation between the TyG index and all-cause mortality in femoral neck fracture patients. Materials and Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the TyG index in the follow-up of femoral neck fracture patients who underwent partial hip prosthesis. The formula of ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) x fasting blood glucose concentration (mg/dL)/2] was used in the calculation of the TyG index. The patients were separated into three categories based on the TyG index. Results It was found that there was a significant correlation between prolonged hospital stay and elevated admission and postoperative TyG index ( P = 0.011, P < 0.001, respectively). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis curves revealed a higher risk of 30-day, 90-day and overall mortality in patients with higher postoperative TyG index levels, categorized by postoperative TyG tertiles (log-rank P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). In the multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, higher postoperative TyG index was a significant risk factor for mortality ( P = 0.01). The receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that a postoperative TyG index of 9.01 and above was critical for 30-day mortality (69% sensitivity, 82% specificity and 0.78 area under curve; P < 0.001). Conclusions In our study demonstrate that the TyG index may be useful in identifying individuals at high risk of mortality in patients with femoral neck fractures.
Fibrosis and Sports Injuries: Concept and Implications: The GESMUTE-SETRADE Consensus Statement
Authors: Beas-Jiménez J. D. , León Garrigosa A. , Doñoro Cuevas P. , Álvarez Recio M. I. , Cofré Bolados C. , Alonso J. M. 
Published: September 2024

Background: Musculoskeletal fibrosis can be frequently observed in the scope of sports medicine; however, there is no consensus regarding its definition, nor do we have substantial knowledge regarding its epidemiology or best therapeutic alternatives. Purpose: The GESMUTE (Group for the Study of the Muscle Tendon System) Epidemiology Group, integrated into SETRADE (The Spanish Society for Sports Traumatology) propose a definition for musculoskeletal fibrosis within the field of physical exercise. Study Design: Consensus statement. Methods: A bibliographic review of the existing scientific evidence and consensus was developed by the authors on the definition of fibrosis in the field of sport. Results: Our working group proposed the definition of fibrosis as an abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix, usually with regards to an injury complication, showing various clinical findings affecting muscles, tendons, ligaments, articular capsules and nerves which, in turn, mars the recovery process, causing symptoms and finally leading to relapses. Conclusion: Fibrosis in sport may be considered as an abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix, usually related to complications of an injury, showing a wide range of clinical symptomatology, affecting muscles, tendons, ligaments, articular capsules, and nerves.
Community-Based Participatory Research: Lessons and Challenges. Symposium Special Communication
Authors: Arriola-Pacheco F. , Ness A. , Sihuay-Torres K. , Garcia-Quintana A. , Proaño D. , Lawrence H.P. 
Published: September 2024

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is grounded in the commitment of co-creation and co-development of research that is for, by, and with the population it is intended to impact. Translational oral health researchers can harness this research approach when conceptualizing innovations and interventions, especially in those contexts where populations have been made systemically and historically vulnerable. This commentary highlights lessons shared and challenges presented when implementing CBPR, derived from a 2024 IADR/AADOCR/CADR General Session & Exhibition symposium. The presenters shared numerous considerations when planning CBPR, such as integrating an equity lens in research, the necessity of community partnerships and trust-building, and the significance of adopting principles and criteria that are developed by the communities one works with and are therefore relevant and applicable to their particular oral health needs. Additionally, the panel of speakers and symposium attendants discussed ways of ensuring the sustainability of interventions and the integration of worldviews other than that of the researchers into CBPR. Oral health scientists and program implementers working with communities’ interests in mind must be alert of how best to harness CBPR to adequately respect self-determination and governance of all peoples and, in this manner, develop strategies that are adopted and valued by the communities they intend to serve. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Community-based participatory research is an equitable and wholesome approach that aims to respectfully collaborate with the communities that it seeks to impact. It offers everyone a seat at the table when trying to create transformative clinical, behavioral, and health services change. Oral health scientists and program implementers can apply this framework for research and programming in communities where past approaches have not necessarily benefited the peoples or their communities in an equitable manner.
“Urological Claudication”: Blind ending ureteric remnant in a bifid ureteric system causing neurological claudication—Case report with brief review of the literature
Authors: Aravind T K , Yadav Siddharth , Singh Harshdeep 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
A blind ending ureteric remnant in a duplicated urinary system is extremely rare, and most of these anomalies go unrecognized as they are asymptomatic. We describe a unique case of a blind ending ureteric remnant presenting with neurological claudication in the lower limb secondary to sacral nerve root radiculopathy which was managed by robotic excision.

Case presentation
A 61-year-old male presented with radiating pain in the left gluteal region for the past 2 years, which persisted despite multiple conservative treatments. Extensive evaluation for the pain revealed a blind ending ureteric remnant in a partially duplicated system, which contained multiple calculi and caused the compression of the adjacent sacral nerve roots. The patient was subsequently taken up for excision of the remnant, which was performed robotically, after which the symptoms resolved completely.

Conclusion
Blind ending ureteric duplications are rare anomalies that mostly go unrecognized as they are asymptomatic. Rarely, these anomalies may produce clinically relevant symptoms and result in diagnostic dilemmas, meriting intervention.
Can the parameters of penile duplex assessment predict the success of urethroplasty?
Authors: Ghoneima Waleed , Rammah Ahmed M. , El gharably Mohamed Aboulfotouh , Zamel Samih , Mohamed Moamen , Torad Hesham 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
This work aimed to study the role of penile duplex in predicting the outcome of anastomotic urethroplasty.

Methods
Between March 2022 and February 2023, all patients presented with posterior urethral distraction defect (PUDD) underwent anastomotic end to end urethroplasty. Preoperative evaluation of sexual function was performed using international index of erectile function (IIEF-5) and penile doppler parameters (the response E1 to E5, peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistivity index (RI)). Each patient was, routinely, evaluated through 12 month-follow up using IIEF-5, penile doppler parameters, uroflowmetry for Qmax and pelvic ultrasound for postvoid residual urine (PVR). The procedure was considered successful if Qmax > 15 ml/s and PVR < 50 cc at the end of follow up. The correlation between the success rate of anastomotic urethroplasty and pre-operative penile Doppler parameters was the primary outcome.

Results
Thirty patients with a mean age of 29.47 ± 9.79 years were evaluated. Twenty patients (66.7%) had previous orthopedic surgery. The stricture site was membranous in 6 patients (20.0%) and bubo-membranous in 24 (80.0%). The mean stricture length was 2.52 ± 0.98 cm. There was a statistically significant increase in mean end-diastolic velocity (P < 0.001) with a subsequent significant decrease in mean resistance index (P < 0.001). 14.3% of pre-operatively potent patients developed venous leakage (P < 0.001), while there was no change of arteriogenic or venogenic erectile dysfunction. In addition, of the patients who have arteriogenic erectile dysfunction, 37.5% did not require surgery, 25% had a urethrocystoscopy, and 37.5% required a repeat end to end urethroplasty. There is a significant association between pre-operative peak systolic velocity and the need for re-operation (P = 0.005).

Conclusion
Penile duplex may anticipate anastomotic urethroplasty efficacy in the case of PUDD.
Taxanorm: a novel taxa-specific normalization approach for microbiome data
Authors: Wang Ziyue , Lloyd Dillon , Zhao Shanshan , Motsinger-Reif Alison 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
In high-throughput sequencing studies, sequencing depth, which quantifies the total number of reads, varies across samples. Unequal sequencing depth can obscure true biological signals of interest and prevent direct comparisons between samples. To remove variability due to differential sequencing depth, taxa counts are usually normalized before downstream analysis. However, most existing normalization methods scale counts using size factors that are sample specific but not taxa specific, which can result in over- or under-correction for some taxa.

Results
We developed TaxaNorm, a novel normalization method based on a zero-inflated negative binomial model. This method assumes the effects of sequencing depth on mean and dispersion vary across taxa. Incorporating the zero-inflation part can better capture the nature of microbiome data. We also propose two corresponding diagnosis tests on the varying sequencing depth effect for validation. We find that TaxaNorm achieves comparable performance to existing methods in most simulation scenarios in downstream analysis and reaches a higher power for some cases. Specifically, it balances power and false discovery control well. When applying the method in a real dataset, TaxaNorm has improved performance when correcting technical bias.

Conclusion
TaxaNorm both sample- and taxon- specific bias by introducing an appropriate regression framework in the microbiome data, which aids in data interpretation and visualization. The ‘TaxaNorm’ R package is freely available through the CRAN repository https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=TaxaNorm and the source code can be downloaded at https://github.com/wangziyue57/TaxaNorm.
Response is increased using postal rather than electronic questionnaires – new results from an updated Cochrane Systematic Review
Authors: Edwards Phil , Perkins Chloe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
A decade ago paper questionnaires were more common in epidemiology than those administered online, but increasing Internet access may have changed this. Researchers planning to use a self-administered questionnaire should know whether response rates to questionnaires administered electronically differ to those of questionnaires administered by post. We analysed trials included in a recently updated Cochrane Review to answer this question.

Methods
We exported data of randomised controlled trials included in three comparisons in the Cochrane Review that had evaluated hypotheses relevant to our research objective and imported them into Stata for a series of meta-analyses not conducted in the Cochrane review. We pooled odds ratios for response using random effects meta-analyses. We explored causes of heterogeneity among study results using subgroups. We assessed evidence for reporting bias using Harbord’s modified test for small-study effects.

Results
Twenty-seven trials (66,118 participants) evaluated the effect on response of an electronic questionnaire compared with postal. Results were heterogeneous (I-squared = 98%). There was evidence for biased (greater) effect estimates in studies at high risk of bias; A synthesis of studies at low risk of bias indicates that response was increased (OR = 1.43; 95% CI 1.08–1.89) using postal questionnaires. Ten trials (39,523 participants) evaluated the effect of providing a choice of mode (postal or electronic) compared to an electronic questionnaire only. Response was increased with a choice of mode (OR = 1.63; 95% CI 1.18–2.26). Eight trials (20,909 participants) evaluated the effect of a choice of mode (electronic or postal) compared to a postal questionnaire only. There was no evidence for an effect on response of a choice of mode compared with postal only (OR = 0.94; 95% CI 0.86–1.02).

Conclusions
Postal questionnaires should be used in preference to, or offered in addition to, electronic modes.
Feasibility, acceptability and preliminary evaluation of a user co-facilitated psychoeducational programme: a feasibility proof-of-concept randomised control trial
Authors: Skliarova Tatiana , Lara-Cabrera Mariela L. , Hafstad Hege , Havnen Audun , Saether Sverre Georg , Salvesen Øyvind , Vaag Jonas , Torgersen Terje 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Mental health settings are increasingly using co-facilitation of educational group interventions in collaboration with patient partners and service users. However, despite promising results, limited information is available regarding the feasibility and satisfaction levels of these programmes among adults newly diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity/impulsivity disorder (ADHD). Hence, this study aimed to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a user co-facilitated psychoeducational group programme for adults diagnosed with ADHD.

Methods
This feasibility proof-of-concept randomised controlled trial recruited outpatients from a Norwegian community mental health centre. Outpatients randomised to the intervention group (IG) received a psychoeducational programme supplementing Treatment As Usual (TAU), while the control group received TAU. Feasibility was determined by the acceptance rate, adherence rate, and dropout rate. Acceptability was measured with the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire and a 3-item scale measuring satisfaction with the received information. To test the preliminary effects, self-efficacy, symptom severity, and quality of life were measured at baseline and pre- and post-intervention.

Results
Feasibility was demonstrated; most of the patients were willing to enrol, participants attended 82% of the psychoeducational programme, and only 13% dropped out of the study. The between-group analyses revealed that the IG reported significantly greater mean satisfaction than the CG. Moreover, the intervention group was more satisfied with the information they received during the psychoeducational programme. Concerning the preliminary effects, the linear mixed model showed improvement in quality of life (the subscale relationship); however, other patient-reported outcomes did not show improvements.

Conclusions
This proof-of-concept randomised controlled trial supports the feasibility and acceptability of the user co-facilitated psychoeducational programme for patients newly diagnosed with ADHD in an outpatient setting. While preliminary findings indicate promise in enhancing patient-reported outcomes, a larger study is warranted to assess the intervention’s effectiveness rigorously.

Trial registration
NCT03425, 09/11/2017.
RCC-Supporter: supporting renal cell carcinoma treatment decision-making using machine learning
Authors: Song Won Hoon , Park Meeyoung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The population diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma, especially in Asia, represents 36.6% of global cases, with the incidence rate of renal cell carcinoma in Korea steadily increasing annually. However, treatment options for renal cell carcinoma are diverse, depending on clinical stage and histologic characteristics. Hence, this study aims to develop a machine learning based clinical decision-support system that recommends personalized treatment tailored to the individual health condition of each patient.

Results
We reviewed the real-world medical data of 1,867 participants diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma between November 2008 and June 2021 at the Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital in South Korea. Data were manually divided into a follow-up group where the patients did not undergo surgery or chemotherapy (Surveillance), a group where the patients underwent surgery (Surgery), and a group where the patients received chemotherapy before or after surgery (Chemotherapy). Feature selection was conducted to identify the significant clinical factors influencing renal cell carcinoma treatment decisions from 2,058 features. These features included subsets of 20, 50, 75, 100, and 150, as well as the complete set and an additional 50 expert-selected features. We applied representative machine learning algorithms, namely Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM). We analyzed the performance of three applied machine learning algorithms, among which the GBM algorithm achieved an accuracy score of 95% (95% CI, 92–98%) for the 100 and 150 feature sets. The GBM algorithm using 100 and 150 features achieved better performance than the algorithm using features selected by clinical experts (93%, 95% CI 89–97%).

Conclusions
We developed a preliminary personalized treatment decision-support system (TDSS) called “RCC-Supporter” by applying machine learning (ML) algorithms to determine personalized treatment for the various clinical situations of RCC patients. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using machine learning-based clinical decision support systems for treatment decisions in real clinical settings.
Paternal undernutrition and overnutrition modify semen composition and preimplantation embryo developmental kinetics in mice
Authors: Morgan Hannah L. , Eid Nader , Holmes Nadine , Henson Sonal , Wright Victoria , Coveney Clare , Winder Catherine , O’Neil Donna M. , Dunn Warwick B. , Boocock David J. , Watkins Adam J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe importance of parental diet in relation to eventual offspring health is increasing in prominence due to the increased frequency of parents of reproductive age consuming poor diets. Whilst maternal health and offspring outcome have been studied in some detail, the paternal impacts are not as well understood. A father’s poor nutritional status has been shown to have negative consequences on foetal growth and development and ultimately impact the long-term adult health of the offspring. In this study, we examined sperm- and seminal vesicle fluid-mediated mechanisms of preimplantation embryo development alterations in response to sub-optimal paternal diets.ResultsMale mice were fed a diet to model either under (low-protein diet (LPD)) or over (high-fat/sugar ‘Western’ diet (WD)) nutrition, LPD or WD supplemented with methyl donors or a control diet (CD) before mating with age-matched females. Male metabolic health was influenced by WD and MD-WD, with significant changes in multiple serum lipid classes and hepatic 1-carbon metabolites. Sperm RNA sequencing revealed significant changes to mRNA profiles in all groups when compared to CD (LPD: 32, MD-LPD: 17, WD: 53, MD-WD: 35 transcripts). Separate analysis of the seminal vesicle fluid proteome revealed a significant number of differentially expressed proteins in all groups (LPD: 13, MD-LPD: 27, WD: 24, MD-WD: 19) when compared to control. Following mating, in vitro time-lapse imaging of preimplantation embryos revealed a significant increase in the timing of development in all experimental groups when compared to CD embryos. Finally, qPCR analysis of uterine tissue at the time of implantation identified perturbed expression ofCd14andPtgs1following mating with WD-fed males.ConclusionsOur current study shows that paternal nutritional status has the potential to influence male metabolic and reproductive health, impacting on embryonic development and the maternal reproductive tract. This study highlights potential direct (sperm-mediated) and indirect (seminal vesicle fluid-mediated) pathways in which a father’s poor diet could shape the long-term health of his offspring.
An algorithm for discontinuing mechanical ventilation in boys with x-linked myotubular myopathy after positive response to gene therapy: the ASPIRO experience
Authors: Graham Robert J. , Amin Reshma , Demirel Nadir , Edel Lisa , Lilien Charlotte , MacBean Victoria , Rafferty Gerrard F. , Sawnani Hemant , Schön Carola , Smith Barbara K. , Syed Faiza , Sarazen Micaela , Prasad Suyash , Rico Salvador , Perez Geovanny F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractX-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare, life-threatening congenital myopathy. Most (80%) children with XLMTM have profound muscle weakness and hypotonia at birth resulting in severe respiratory insufficiency, the inability to sit up, stand or walk, and early mortality. At birth, 85–90% of children with XLMTM require mechanical ventilation, with more than half requiring invasive ventilator support. Historically, ventilator-dependent children with neuromuscular-derived respiratory failure of this degree and nature, static or progressive, are not expected to achieve complete independence from mechanical ventilator support. In the ASPIRO clinical trial (NCT03199469), participants receiving a single intravenous dose of an investigational gene therapy (resamirigene bilparvovec) started showing significant improvements in daily hours of ventilation support compared with controls by 24 weeks post-dosing, and 16 of 24 dosed participants achieved ventilator independence between 14 and 97 weeks after dosing. At the time, there was no precedent or published guidance for weaning chronically ventilated children with congenital neuromuscular diseases off mechanical ventilation. When the first ASPIRO participants started showing dramatically improved respiratory function, the investigators initiated efforts to safely wean them off ventilator support, in parallel with primary protocol respiratory outcome measures. A group of experts in respiratory care and physiology and management of children with XLMTM developed an algorithm to safely wean children in the ASPIRO trial off mechanical ventilation as their respiratory muscle strength increased. The algorithm developed for this trial provides recommendations for assessing weaning readiness, a stepwise approach to weaning, and monitoring of children during and after the weaning process.