bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between genes encoding components of the Leutinizing hormone/Luteinizing hormone–choriogonadotrophin receptor pathway and polycystic ovary syndrome in Egyptian women
Authors: El‐Shal Amal S. , Zidan Haidy E. , Rashad Nearmeen M. , Abdelaziz Ahmed M. , Harira Mervat M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine–metabolic disorders; however, its pathophysiology is still unclear. Certain polymorphisms of luteinizing hormone beta‐subunit (LHβ) and LH/choriogonadotrophin receptor (LHCGR) genes may lead to changes in the bioactivity of this hormone. We aimed to investigate possible associations between polymorphisms in the LHβ and LHCGR genes and PCOS among Egyptian women. We also aimed to shed light on the impact of these polymorphisms on LH level, hormonal, and metabolic features of PCOS. A case–control study included unrelated 210 patients with PCOS and 200 healthy controls, and they were stratified according to their body mass index into two subgroups: lean and obese. Polymorphisms of LHβ G1502A and LHCGR [G935A, and ins18LQ] genes were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our results revealed that LHβ G1052A GA genotype and A allele, LHCGR G935A GA, AA genotypes, or A allele were significantly associated with PCOS risk, while the LHCGR ins18LQ polymorphism was not. Additionally, there is a synergism between LHβ G1052A minor A and minor A allele of LHCGR G935A or minor ins allele of LHCGR ins18LQ and susceptibility to PCOS. When we stratified PCOS women or controls into obese and lean subjects, we found that LHβ G1502A GA genotype and A allele being more frequent in the obese group when compared with lean patients with PCOS [The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were 5.6 (1.30–24.56) and 5.15 (1.21–21.90), respectively, P = 0.01, for each group.] These results suggested that LHβ G1052A and LHCGR G935A genes polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of PCOS in Egyptian women especially in obese cases. There was a synergism between LHβ G1052A minor A allele and of LHCGR G935A minor A or minor ins alleles of LHCGR ins18LQ and PCOS risk. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 68(1):23–36, 2016
Synthesis and Characterization of New Xanthene Derivatives, and Their Electrochemical Study
Authors: Saeed Aamer , Shabir Ghulam , Shehzadi Syeda Aaliya 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis work investigated the synthesis of biphenyl‐3,3′,4,4′‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride and benzophenone‐3,3′,4,4′‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride derivatives (3a–e and 6a–e) with different substituted phenols via Friedel‐Crafts acylation reaction in the presence of dilute sulfuric acid. Dianhydride derivatives with 3‐N,N′‐dimethylamino phenol (3d and 6d) and resorcinol (3e and 6e) have been found to be highly fluorescent. The structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by the chromatographic, spectral and elemental data. Electrochemical study was done to determine to band gap energy, LUMO and HOMO levels energy. Band gap and LUMO energy levels were found to be lowest in xanthene derivatives substituted with 3‐N,N′‐dimethylamino group having value 2.24 and 4.85 eV respectively.
Tips of totally laparoscopic left hepatectomy
Authors: Cherqui Daniel , Figueroa Rodrigo , Gelli Maximiliano 
Published: December 2015

AbstractGrowing data suggest that minimally invasive approaches in hepatic surgery may improve postoperative outcomes without differences in terms of oncological results compared to open resections. These facts have contributed to the growing adoption of this technique for selected patients.However, expertise in both hepatic and advanced laparoscopic surgery is required in order to safely perform laparoscopic liver resections. We present a video depicting technical details for a totally laparoscopic left hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with left portal vein thrombosis in a cirrhotic patient.
Predictors of warfarin‐associated adverse events in hospitalized patients: Opportunities to prevent patient harm
Authors: Metersky Mark L. , Eldridge Noel , Wang Yun , Jaser Lisa , Bona Robert , Eckenrode Sheila , Bakullari Anila , Andrawis Mary , Classen David , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUNDThe optimum international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring frequency for hospitalized patients receiving warfarin is unknown.OBJECTIVEAssess relationship between daily versus less frequent INR monitoring and overanticoagulation and warfarin‐related adverse events.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study using Medicare Patient Safety Monitoring System data.SETTINGRandomly selected acute care hospitals across the United States.PATIENTSPatients hospitalized from 2009 to 2013 for pneumonia, acute cardiac disease, or surgery who received warfarin.INTERVENTIONSNone.MEASUREMENTS(1) Association between frequency of INR monitoring and an INR ≥6.0 or warfarin‐related adverse event. (2) Association between the rate of change of the INR and a subsequent INR ≥5.0 and ≥6.0.RESULTSAmong 8529 patients who received warfarin for ≥3 days, for 1549 (18.2%) the INR was not measured on 2 or more days. These patients had higher propensity‐adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of having a warfarin‐associated adverse event (OR: 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02‐2.17) for cardiac patients and surgical patients (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.20‐2.48), with no significant association for pneumonia patients. Cardiac and pneumonia patients with 1 day or more without an INR measurement had higher propensity‐adjusted ORs of having an INR ≥6.0 (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.07‐2.41 and OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.36‐2.71, respectively). A 1‐day increase in the INR of ≥0.9 occurred in 621 patients (12.5%) and predicted a subsequent INR of ≥6.0 (positive likelihood ratio of 4.2).CONCLUSIONDaily INR measurement and recognition of a rapidly rising INR might decrease the frequency of warfarin‐associated adverse events in hospitalized patients. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:276–282. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
Set‐valued estimation of switching linear system: an application to an automotive throttle valve
Authors: Podivilova Elena , Vargas Alessandro N. , Shiryaev Vladimir , Acho Leonardo 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThis paper introduces a polyhedral approximation algorithm for set‐valued estimation of switching linear systems. The algorithm generates set‐valued estimates for any possible sequence of switching parameters, under the assumption that the system has unknown but bounded disturbances and measurement noises. Our algorithm has practical implications; namely, set‐valued estimates were generated for the position and electrical current of a real‐time automotive electronic throttle valve, and the corresponding experimental data demonstrate the practical benefits of our approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can self‐sacrificial leadership promote subordinate taking charge? The mediating role of organizational identification and the moderating role of risk aversion
Authors: Li Rui , Zhang Zi‐Yuan , Tian Xiao‐Ming 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe extant literature on the relationship between self‐sacrificial leadership and subordinate behavioral outcomes has primarily focused on the influence of this leadership on subordinate affiliative behaviors. Our research proposed a theoretical model explaining why and when self‐sacrificial leadership might promote taking charge, an exemplar of challenging behaviors. We tested this model across two studies conducted in China. In addition, we also examined the differences in the boundary conditions for self‐sacrificial leadership to influence taking charge and affiliative behaviors (cooperation in Study 1 and helping in Study 2). Our results revealed that (i) self‐sacrificial leadership was positively related to subordinate taking charge, with organizational identification acting as a mediator for this relationship, and (ii) risk aversion moderated both the self‐sacrificial leadership–subordinate taking charge relationship and the mediating effect of organizational identification, such that the relationship and its mediating mechanism were weaker for subordinates high rather than low in risk aversion. These moderating effects, however, could not generalize to cooperation and helping. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications of our results and directions for future research were discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contextualizing leaders' interpretations of proactive followership
Authors: Benson Alex J. , Hardy James , Eys Mark 
Published: December 2015

SummaryAlthough proactive followership behavior is often viewed as instrumental to group success, leaders do not always respond favorably to the actions of overly eager followers. Guided by a constructivist perspective, we investigated how interpretations of followership differ across the settings in which acts of leadership and followership emerge. In thematically analyzing data from semi‐structured interviews with leaders of high‐performing teams, we depict how the construal of follower behaviors relates to various contextual factors underscoring leader–follower interactions. Prototypical characteristics were described in relation to ideal followership (i.e., active independent thought, ability to process self‐related information accurately, collective orientation, and relational transparency). However, proactive followership behaviors were subject to the situational and relational demands that were salient during leader–follower interactions. Notably, the presence of third‐party observers, the demands of the task, stage in the decision‐making process, suitability of the targeted issue, and relational dynamics influenced which follower behaviors were viewed as appropriate from the leader's perspective. These findings provide insight into when leaders are more likely to endorse proactive followership, suggesting that proactive followership requires an awareness of how to calibrate one's actions in accordance with prevailing circumstances. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stereotactic body radiation therapy for small primary or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in 132 Chinese patients
Authors: Su Ting‐Shi , Liang Ping , Lu Huan‐Zhen , Liang Jian , Gao Ying‐Chuan , Zhou Ying , Huang Yong , Tang Min‐Yang , Liang Jian‐Ning 
Published: December 2015

AimTo evaluate the efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.MethodsFrom March 2009 to April 2015, we treated 132 small HCC patients with SBRT. Eligibility criteria included longest tumor diameter ≤5.0 cm; Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh (CTP) Class A or B; unfeasible, difficult or refusal to undergo other surgery or percutaneous ablative therapies; and tumor recurrence after other local treatment. The dose of 42–46 Gy in 3–5 fractions and 28–30 Gy in 1 fraction was prescribed.ResultsOf the treated patients, 114 were classified as CTP A and 18 as CTP B. Median tumor size was range 1.1–5.0 cm. The local control rate at 1 years was 90.9%. OS at 1, 3, and 5 years was 94.1%, 73.5%, and 64.3%, respectively. PFS at 1, 3, and 5 years was 82.7%, 58.3%, and 36.4%, respectively. Hepatic toxicity grade ≥3 was observed in 11 patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that CTP B was associated with worse OS (P < 0.001) and multiple nodules were associated with worse PFS (P = 0.001).ConclusionsSBRT is a promising alternative treatment for patients with primary or recurrent small HCC who are unsuitable for surgical resection or local ablative therapy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:181–187. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bulk quadrupole contribution to second harmonic generation from a microscopic response function
Authors: Bauer Klaus‐Dieter , Panholzer Martin , Hingerl Kurt 
Published: December 2015

AbstractEven‐order nonlinear methods have proven useful tools for the analysis of centrosymmetric materials where the surface dipole contribution is often dominant. Quadrupole‐order contributions from the surface discontinuity and the bulk can be on the same order of magnitude however, yet have been largely ignored in modern numerical ab initio calculations. We find that the macroscopic bulk quadrupole term : can be related to the first order derivatives of the microscopic response function at the ‐point and outline how a quantum‐mechanical expression can be derived for a periodic system.
Spin effects in MoS2 and WS2 single layers
Authors: Kioseoglou G. , Korkusinski M. , Scrace T. , Hanbicki A. T. , Currie M. , Jonker B. T. , Petrou A. , Hawrylak P. 
Published: December 2015

magnified imageReplacing the two sublattices of carbon atoms in graphene with transition metal atoms and chalcogenide dimers results in single layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). TMDCs are promising new materials for light and energy harvesting, transistors, sensors and quantum information processing. One way to access the distinctive functionality of these materials is via their optical selection rules. In particular, light with positive or negative helicity is absorbed differently, therefore, understanding the interaction of circularly polarized light with various TMDCs should enable future applications. Using the examples of MoS2 and WS2 we summarize some recent results that illustrate the potential of these materials. First, when optically excited with circularly polarized light, single layers of MoS2 can emit light with an appreciable polarization.Depolarization mechanisms can be subsequently explored by monitoring the polarization of emitted photoluminescence as a function of the excess energy supplied to the system. As the energy of the pumping light increases further from the emission channel, the emission quickly becomes depolarized. The dominant relaxation mechanism is identified as phonon‐assisted intervalley scattering. In single layers of WS2 containing electron gas, the main emission channel is from negatively charged excitons, or trions. In the presence of a two‐dimensional electron gas this trion emission is circularly polarized at zero magnetic field, even when excited with linearly polarized light. This spontaneous circular polarization of the trion has a linear dependence on magnetic field and can be attributed to the existence of a valley polarized state of the two‐dimensional electron gas. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Graphical Analysis for Operation Management: A Graphical Method to Support Operation Decision Making
Authors: Viveros Gunckel Pablo , Crespo Márquez Adolfo , Barberá Martinez Luis , Gonzalez Rossel Juan Pablo 
Published: December 2015

This paper proposes a graphical method to easy decision‐making in industrial plants operations. The proposed tool ‘Graphical Analysis for Operation Management (GAOM) method’ allows to visualizing and analyzing production‐related parameters, integrating assets/systems maintenance aspects. This integration is based on the Total Productive Maintenance model, using its quantitative management techniques for optimal decision‐making in day‐to‐day operations. On the one hand, GAOM monitors possible production target deviations, and on the other, the tool illustrates different aspects to gain control on the production process, such as availability, repair time, cumulative production, or overall equipment effectiveness. Through appropriate information filtering, individual analysis by class of intervention (corrective maintenance, preventive maintenance, or operational intervention) and production level can be developed.Graphical Analysis for Operation Management (GAOM) integrates maintenance information (number of intervention, type of intervention, required/not required stoppage) with production information (cumulative production, cumulative defective products, and cumulative production target) during a certain timeframe (cumulative calendar time, duration of intervention). Then the tool computes basic performance indicators supporting operational decision‐making. GAOM provides interesting graphical outputs using scatter diagrams integrating indicators on the same graph. GAOM is inspired in the Graphical Analysis for Maintenance Management method, published by the authors (LB, AC, and PV) in 2012. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Even‐electron [M–H]+ ions generated by loss of AgH from argentinated peptides with N‐terminal imine groups
Authors: Plaviak Alexandra , Osburn Sandra , Patterson Khiry , van Stipdonk Michael J. 
Published: December 2015

RationaleExperiments were performed to probe the creation of apparent even‐electron, [M–H]+ ions by CID of Ag‐cationized peptides with N‐terminal imine groups (Schiff bases).MethodsImine‐modified peptides were prepared using condensation reactions with aldehydes. Ag+‐cationized precursors were generated by electrospray ionization (ESI). Tandem mass spectrometry (MSn) and collision‐induced dissociation (CID) were performed using a linear ion trap mass spectrometer.ResultsLoss of AgH from peptide [M + Ag]+ ions, at the MS/MS stage, creates closed‐shell [M–H]+ ions from imine‐modified peptides. Isotope labeling unambiguously identifies the imine C‐H group as the source of H eliminated in AgH. Subsequent CID of the [M–H]+ ions generated sequence ions that are analogous to those produced from [M + H]+ ions of the imine‐modified peptides.ConclusionsExperiments show (a) formation of novel even‐electron peptide cations by CID and (b) the extent to which sequence ions (conventional b, a and y ions) are generated from peptides with fixed charge site and thus lacking a conventional mobile proton. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multinational Enterprises’ Entry Mode Strategies in Syria and Jordan: The Impact of Ownership Advantages
Authors: Al‐Habash Omar , Mmieh Frederick , Cleeve Emmanuel 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis study addresses the issue of ownership advantages affecting multinational enterprises’ (MNEs) entry mode strategies in developing countries. Although a few studies have focused on such effects, very little attention has been devoted to the ownership advantages generated from the institutional environment of MNEs’ home countries. To bridge this gap, this study concentrates on three types of ownership advantages: intangible asset advantages (IAA), advantages of common governance (ACG), and home‐country‐specific advantages (HCSA). Using a sample of 303 foreign affiliates, this study empirically examines the choice of MNEs between a wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) and a joint venture (JV). The data were collected from senior executives of MNEs’ subsidiaries operating in Syria and Jordan. The findings of this study reveal that MNEs’ choice of entry mode strategies is significantly influenced by intangible asset advantages, advantages of common governance, and home‐country‐specific advantages. Hence, senior executives perceiving an increased importance of these assets will opt for a WOS rather than a JV when entering a new market in the Middle East. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Burkholderia multivorans SB6 Lipase as a Detergent Ingredient: Characterization and Stabilization
Authors: Boran Rukiye , Ugur Aysel 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn this study, 265 bacterial isolates were collected from kitchen wastewater samples using Rhodamine B agar medium. Of these, 115 isolates were found to respond positively to the addition of commercial detergents. Using 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the isolate demonstrating the high stability towards commercial detergents was identified as Burkholderia multivorans. An SB6 lipase with a molecular mass of 70 kDa was purified from B. multivorans. The purified enzyme showed optimal activity at pH 9.0 and 40 °C and remained stable in the presence of various metal ions, surfactants, and oxidizing agents. The addition of boron compounds improved the pH stability and thermostability of the enzyme, which displayed stability against some commercial detergents; moreover, this stability increased when boron compounds were added to the incubation medium as stabilizers. These properties make SB6 lipase an ideal choice as an additive in detergent formulations.
Are Canadians more willing to provide chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?—a nation-wide public survey
Authors: Cheskes Lindsay , Morrison Laurie J. , Beaton Dorcas , Parsons Janet , Dainty Katie N. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundBystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves the likelihood of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), yet it is performed in only 30% of cases. The 2010 guidelines promote chest-compression-only bystander CPR—a change intended to increase willingness to provide CPR.Objectives1) To determine whether the Canadian general public is more willing to perform chest-compression-only CPR compared to traditional CPR; 2) to characterize public knowledge of OHCA; and 3) to identify barriers and facilitators to bystander CPR.MethodsA 32-item survey assessing resuscitation knowledge, and willingness to provide CPR were disseminated in five Canadian regions. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize response distribution. Logistic regression analysis was applied to assess shifts in intention to provide CPR.ResultsA total of 428 completed surveys were analysed. When presented with a scenario of being a bystander in an OHCA, a greater proportion of respondents were willing to provide chest-compression-only CPR compared to traditional CPR for all victims (61.5% v. 39.7%,p<0.001), when the victim was a stranger (55.1% v. 38.8%,p<0.001), or when the victim was an unkempt individual (47.9% v. 28.5%,p<0.001). When asked to describe an OHCA, 41.4% said the heart stopped beating, and 20.8% said it was a heart attack. Identified barriers and facilitators included fear of litigation and lack of skill confidence.ConclusionsThis study identified gaps in knowledge, which may impair the ability of bystanders to act in OHCA. Most respondents expressed greater willingness to provide chest-compression-only CPR, but this was mediated by victim characteristics, skill confidence, and recognition of a cardiac arrest.
Probabilistic Measurement of Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Hota Bala , Malpiedi Paul , Fridkin Scott K. , Martin John , Trick William 
Published: December 2015

OBJECTIVETo develop a probabilistic method for measuring central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates that reduces the variability associated with traditional, manual methods of applying CLABSI surveillance definitions.DESIGNMulticenter retrospective cohort study of bacteremia episodes among patients hospitalized in adult patient-care units; the study evaluated presence of CLABSI.SETTINGHospitals that used SafetySurveillor software system (Premier) and who also reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN).PATIENTSPatients were identified from a stratified sample from all eligible blood culture isolates from all eligible hospital units to generate a final set with an equal distribution (ie, 20%) from each unit type. Units were divided a priori into 5 major groups: medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit, medical-surgical intensive care unit, hematology unit, or general medical wards.INTERVENTIONSEpisodes were reviewed by 2 experts, and a selection of discordant reviews were re-reviewed. Data were joined with NHSN data for hospitals for in-plan months. A predictive model was created; model performance was assessed using the c statistic in a validation set and comparison with NHSN reported rates for in-plan months.RESULTSA final model was created with predictors of CLABSI. The c statistic for the final model was 0.75 (0.68–0.80). Rates from regression modeling correlated better with expert review than NHSN-reported rates.CONCLUSIONSThe use of a regression model based on the clinical characteristics of the bacteremia outperformed traditional infection preventionist surveillance compared with an expert-derived reference standard.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2016;37(2):149–155