bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Correlation Between Fear Avoidance Beliefs and Physical Activity in Unilateral Vestibulopathies
Authors: Van Laer Lien , Koppelaar-van Eijsden Hanna M. , Hallemans Ann , Van Rompaey Vincent , Schermer Tjard R. , Bruintjes Tjasse D. , Vereeck Luc 
Published: October 2024

Background and Purpose:
In individuals with unilateral vestibulopathy (UVP), physical activity (PA) is recommended to stimulate central vestibular compensation. However, the presence of fear avoidance beliefs might negatively influence PA. The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between fear avoidance beliefs and PA and to compare PA levels between individuals with UVP in an acute/subacute vs chronic phase.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, PA was measured using a triaxial accelerometer. Fear avoidance beliefs were quantified using the Vestibular Activities Avoidance Instrument. The correlation between fear avoidance beliefs and PA was evaluated using regression analyses, with other potential influencing factors also considered.

Results:
A total of 102 participants were included. The average age was 56.1 (SD 15.2) years, and 57.8% were male. Participants with chronic UVP presented with shorter sedentary time (4,591 vs 5129 min/wk; P = 0.004), longer standing time (1443 vs 1165 min/wk; P = 0.025), higher vigorous PA (187 vs 107 min/wk; P = 0.005), and higher total PA (773 vs 623 min/wk; P = 0.003) compared to participants with acute/subacute UVP. In participants with acute/subacute UVP, variability in total PA was explained up to 54.7% by fear avoidance beliefs, etiology of the UVP, and gender (R
2 = 0.547, F
4,45 = 13.6, P < 0.001). In participants with chronic UVP, fear avoidance beliefs explained 4.1% of the variability in total PA (R
2 = 0.041, F
1,49 = 2.086, P = 0.155).

Discussion and Conclusions:
In acute/subacute UVP, assessing fear avoidance beliefs helps to understand physical inactivity. In chronic UVP, no significant association between fear avoidance beliefs and PA was observed.

Video Abstract available
for more insights from the authors (see the video, Supplemental Digital Content, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A488).
Existential isolation and lack of authentic meetings: adolescents' experiences when mothers are diagnosed and treated for breast cancer
Authors: Søby Anne K. H. , Andersen Aida H. , Andersen Christina M. , Roessler Kirsten K. , Huniche Lotte 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Adolescents living with mothers diagnosed with breast cancer are at risk of internalizing problems, such as anxiety and depression, worsened by maternal distress. Owing to their developmental stage, adolescents may be particularly vulnerable and their needs for information and support are poorly met. To support this group, this study aimed to identify adolescents' (aged 13–18) experiences and needs during their mothers' breast cancer trajectory.

Methods:
Using a hermeneutic existential–phenomenological approach, semistructured individual interviews were conducted with 11 adolescents 3 times each: 1) shortly after their mother was diagnosed, 2) midway through their mother's treatment course, and 3) 6 months after their mother finished her treatment. Based on the resumés and I-poems of the interviews with thematic analysis, 5 themes were consolidated, inspired by 4 existential life themes: death, freedom, existential isolation, and meaninglessness.

Findings:
Findings are structured around the following 6 themes: 1) involvement vs shock: most adolescents were not involved until after diagnosis but preferred to be fully informed during the entire trajectory; 2) death anxiety: participants were struck by the fear of losing their mother, expressing death or separation anxiety, reinforced by the COVID-19 pandemic; 3) concealing fear: adolescents were urged to suppress the fear of losing their mother, which meant concealing rather than processing or regulating emotions; 4) escaping existential isolation: merging with their mother or making themselves vital was a way to avoid experiencing existential isolation; 5) finding meaning in suffering: adolescents presented a perception of having grown stronger but merely expressed suffering; and 6) authentic meetings: adolescents lack authentic meetings with friends and family.

Conclusions:
When their mothers are diagnosed with and treated for breast cancer, adolescents experience existential anxiety related to death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness. Adolescence is a potentially vulnerable developmental time, and supportive interventions are recommended.
Emergency Department Visits After Body Piercings
Authors: Cirks Blake T. , Maranich Ashley , Nylund Cade M. , Barron Johanna , Reeves Patrick T. 
Published: October 2024

Objectives
There is a paucity of data describing the frequency and complications of body piercing injuries (BPI) in the United States.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) to identify emergency department (ED) visits for BPI from 2011–2020 and to estimate prevalence among US individuals ≤24 years of age. Additionally, estimates for infections, requirements for hospitalization/transfer, and exploring significant associations were investigated.

Results
A total of 10,912 ED visits extrapolates to a national estimate of 338,972 BPIs in the United States. A majority of BPI involved females (85%), adolescents or young adults (55%), and ears (71%). Foreign bodies comprised 72.6% of BPI. Thirteen percent of ED piercing visits were associated with infection. Of these ED visits for BPI-associated infection, 3% required hospitalization/transfer. In the context of all piercing-associated injuries, injuries to the pubic region were 16.8 times more likely to require hospitalization compared to body piercing injuries of the ear. In the context of all piercing-associated infections, navel (lower trunk), nipple (upper trunk), and oral (mouth) locations were associated with increased odds of infection when compared to BPI infections of the ear.

Conclusions
BPI is a common problem in children, adolescents, and youth. Age and body piercing location significantly impact rates of BPI, infection, and hospitalization/transfer. Further study should identify the total number of annual body piercings in the United States. This could generate targeted counseling and risk reduction interventions aimed at specific groups, especially older children who appear to be at increased risk.
Assessment of Public Health Impact of 20 Non-Research HIV Demonstration Projects by Use of the CDC Science Impact Framework, United States, 2018-2022
Authors: Beltrami John , Carree Tamara , Spikes Pilgrim , Mulatu Mesfin S. , Ajoku Sophia , Dunbar Erica 
Published: October 2024

Compared with traditional measures of scientific impact, the CDC Science Impact Framework more broadly, directly, and quickly assesses impact of public health science. For 20 CDC-funded HIV prevention projects that were conducted during 2018-2022, health departments documented impact, based on CDC Science Impact Framework domains: Disseminating Science, Creating Awareness, Catalyzing Action, Effecting Change, and Shaping the Future. Health departments reported 282 impacts: the most common were new partnerships (n = 17, Catalyzing Action), capacity building (n = 16, Effecting Change), new projects or initiatives begun (n = 15, Shaping the Future), new collaborations (n = 14, Catalyzing Action), improved program (n = 13, Shaping the Future), new guidelines or practices (n = 13, Effecting Change), and informed persons affected by work (n = 13, Creating Awareness). Health departments documented substantial impact with a simple, timely, and broad approach. Demonstrating impact is important for community-based organizations, funders, and others interested in public health and helps them better understand the value of public health.
Management of the Infected Tissue Expander
Authors: Nelson Jonas A. , Vingan Perri S. , Graziano Francis D. , Mandelbaum Max , Rochlin Danielle , Boe Lillian A. , Gutierrez Julia , Matros Evan , Mehrara Babak J. , Coriddi Michelle R. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Tissue expander (TE) infection is a critical postoperative complication in two-stage implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR). We assessed risk factors associated with TE infection and reconstructive loss and examined reconstructive salvage rates.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent IBBR with TE placement from 2017 to 2022. Included were patients with TE infection treated with admission and IV antibiotics, interventional radiology (IR) drainage, and/or operative management (washout with or without TE removal and TE replacement, TE removal and replacement with implant, and/or TE removal without replacement). Reconstructive success was defined as maintenance of breast reconstruction for 1 year after TE placement.

Results:
Of 4,498 patients who underwent IBBR, 305 (338 TEs) met the inclusion criteria. Cox modeling showed higher body mass index, hypertension, radiation, bilateral TEs, acellular dermal matrix use, increasing mastectomy weight, and nipple sparing mastectomy were associated with increased hazard of TE infection. Patients with TE infection had a 54% reconstructive failure rate within 1 year; Cox modeling showed Black race and gram-negative cultures were associated with increased hazard of reconstructive failure within 1 year. Patients who underwent TE replacement with an implant had the most favorable success rate following infection.

Conclusion:
Overall, 46% of patients admitted with a periprosthetic infection had successful salvage. Patients with TE infection should be started on IV antibiotics with a low threshold for operative intervention based on exam and culture data. While IR can guide operative intervention of periprosthetic infections, our practice has shifted away from IR drainage towards definitive operative management.
Effectiveness and Safety of Dupuytren Contracture Treatments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Using the GRADE Approach
Authors: Shaheen Mohammed S. , Karjalainen Venla-Linnea , Reddy Ashruth , Karjalainen Teemu , Chung Kevin C. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
There is currently no consensus on the optimal treatment for Dupuytren contracture. Prior meta-analyses have been limited by suboptimal data synthesis methodologies. We conducted an updated evidence review comparing the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous needle fasciotomy (PNF), collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH), and limited fasciectomy (LF) using the GRADE approach.

Methods:
CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing outcomes following PNF, CCH, and LF for Dupuytren contracture treatment. Outcomes of interest included residual contracture, recurrence rate, hand function, pain, global satisfaction, and adverse events. Time points included 3-months, 1-year, and 2-3 years.

Results:
Seventeen publications (1,010 patients) were included. High to moderate certainty evidence showed no clinically important difference in long-term contracture reduction (PNF vs. LF (mean difference (MD): 7.6°; 95% CI: 1.8°-13.4°), CCH vs. LF (MD: 4.8°; 95% CI: -1.3°-10.9°)). Moderate certainty evidence indicated that LF provides the lowest risk of long-term recurrence (PNF vs. LF (relative risk (RR): 12.3; 95% CI: 1.6-92.4), CCH vs. LF (RR: 9.5; 95% CI 1.2-73.4)), LF has a higher risk of serious adverse events than PNF (RR: 0.5; 95% CI 0.3-0.9), and CCH has a higher risk of overall adverse events than PNF (RR: 4.8; 95% CI 2.9-7.0).

Conclusions:
CCH, PNF, and LF are equally effective in long-term contracture reduction. However, LF yields more durable results at a higher risk of rare but serious adverse events. Current evidence suggests the use of PNF over CCH. However, ultimate treatment decisions should be tailored to individual patient preferences.
Schizophrenia, Off-Label Antipsychotics, and Dementia Risk in People With HIV
Authors: Magagnoli Joseph , Cummings Tammy H. , Wyatt Michael D. , Shtutman Michael , Sutton S. Scott 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Comorbidities such as schizophrenia and medication such as antipsychotics may influence the risk of dementia among people living with HIV (PLWH). The objective of this article is to assess the associations among HIV patients with schizophrenia, off-label antipsychotics, and dementia risk.

Setting:
US Department of Veterans Affairs health care facilities from 2000 to September 2023.

Methods:
Retrospective cohort study of PLWH treated by the US Department of Veterans Affairs with history of schizophrenia, off-label antipsychotic use, and neither schizophrenia nor antipsychotic use. Propensity score-matched non-HIV controls were included for the respective HIV groups. The hazard of dementia is estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results:
PLWH and schizophrenia, were found to have a 2.49 higher hazard of dementia than HIV patients with no history of schizophrenia or antipsychotic medication use (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.85 to 3.35). PLWH and off-label antipsychotic use were found to have a 1.77-fold higher hazard of dementia than HIV patients with no history of schizophrenia or antipsychotic medication use (HR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.37 to 2.28). Propensity score-matched analysis reveals that, among patients with schizophrenia, those with HIV had a 1.65-fold higher hazard of dementia (HR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.44). Among patients with no schizophrenia or antipsychotic medication, those with HIV had a 1.47-fold higher hazard of dementia (HR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.33 to 1.63).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that among PLWH, history of schizophrenia or off-label antipsychotic medication use are associated with substantial increases in dementia incidence. Furthermore, propensity score-matched control analysis reveals that HIV infection itself is independently and significantly associated with elevated dementia risk.
Vestibular Marginal Skin Excision Technique for Minor Secondary Unilateral Cleft Nose Deformity
Authors: Rossell-Perry Percy , Gavino-Gutierrez Arquimedes 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Unilateral cleft lip secondary nasal deformities are common and require surgical correction frequently. The nasal dome on the cleft side is depressed, and the nasal ala is in an extended and flattened position compared with the noncleft side. In addition, the nasal septum is deviated into the cleft nostril. Intermediate cleft rhinoplasty is frequently performed during preschool age to address nasal deformities in cleft patients before the most critical period of psychosocial development. The purpose of this study is to describe an innovative method involving a minimal incision and tip dissection for secondary nasal repair in patients with unilateral cleft lip.

Methods:
This is a prospective cohort study. Since 2019, a single surgeon has operated on 25 consecutive unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with minor secondary nasal deformities. The method involves vestibular marginal skin excision and nasal tip dissection to reshape the affected nostril, improving symmetry. The outcomes were evaluated through anthropometric measurements of the repaired nose during at least 3 years of follow-up.

Results:
A single surgeon has operated on 25 unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with minor secondary nasal deformities using the proposed technique. Total nostril symmetry was achieved in 84% of cases during follow-up at the time of alveolar bone graft.

Conclusions:
Proposed secondary cleft rhinoplasty is a good approach to improve nostril appearance in patients with minor secondary unilateral nasal deformities. However, longer follow-up time and comparative studies are required to evaluate its efficacy.
Fall prevention among adult surgical patients in Tabriz, Iran: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Nouri Mehdi , Talebpour Amin , Hajebrahimi Sakineh , Rezaei Zohreh , Rahmati Fatemeh , Mehdipour Robab 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Falling out of bed is the most common unintentional cause of injury among patients and is a major safety problem in health care facilities. Current practices for fall prevention may not always be aligned with established best practices, leading to variability in patient outcomes. This uncertainty underscores the need to assess and improve compliance with best practice guidelines for fall prevention.

Objectives:
This project aimed to improve fall prevention in the surgical ward of a general hospital in Tabriz, Iran.

Methods:
This study was guided by the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework. A baseline audit was conducted using eleven audit criteria representing best practices for fall prevention. After the implementation of improvement strategies, a follow-up audit was conducted to evaluate changes in practice.

Results:
The results revealed significant improvements, notably, fall risk assessment upon admission (87% to 92%), fall risk assessment upon ward transfer (39% to 79%), patient participation in fall risk assessment (26% to 68%), reassessment upon change in condition (53% to 74%), communicating fall prevention information to at-risk patients and their families/caregivers (42% to 63%), engagement of patients (100% to 100%), implementation of targeted strategies (89% to 92%), post-fall assessment and interventions (82% to 87%), revising patient fall risk status and reviewing care management plan (41% to 74%), fall prevention information to patients and their families/caregivers upon discharge (44% to 66%), and person-centered education of health care professionals (77% to 81%).

Conclusion:
The use of standard clinical audit tools in hospitals can improve the quality of patient care and increase the effectiveness of interventions by identifying weaknesses in the patient care process.

Spanish abstract:

http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A283
Music Therapy in Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cavalcante Luiza Lorenz , Sciarra Adília Maria Pires , de Godoy Moacir Fernandes 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionMusic Therapy is a form of therapy that involves the musical sphere to promote the well-being and improvement of patients’ vital conditions. Conversely, intensive care units are normally recognized as stressful and threatening environments. Therefore, it can be used to contribute to maintaining the mental health of these patients.MethodA systematic review with meta-analysis of Music Therapy in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units was performed. The methodology followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with 10 articles analyzed, and a total of approximately 737 patients. The vital signs assessed were respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and perceived pain intensity. Additionally, a comparison was made between different types of music for each population studied.ResultsIt was observed that Music Therapy reduced the respiratory rate and pain sensitivity index in the pediatric ICU by 1.92 bpm (p-value: 0.004) and 2.09 Wong-Baker FACES units (p-value: <0.0001), respectively. Additionally, it has increased oxygen saturation in pediatric and neonatal ICUs by 0.37 (p-value: 0.001) and 0.2 (p-value: 0.04), respectively. The favorite kind of music listened to by the patients presented better results than the others.ConclusionThere is a scarcity of articles that would allow a comprehensive analysis of this theme, specifically studying different types of this therapy with these populations. Additionally, based on the results presented in the study, it is evident that music therapy is a potential treatment that can be utilized in a hospital setting. Few articles facilitate a comprehensive analysis of this theme, particularly regarding various types of therapy for these populations. Furthermore, the study’s results have pointed out that music therapy is a viable treatment option in a hospital setting.
Dexrazoxane as a viable microsporidia control agent inAnopheles gambiae
Authors: Zeferino Tiago G. , Silva Luís M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMicrosporidia have long been proposed as biological agents for controlling disease vectors and the parasites they transmit. However, their study in vector biology has been constrained due to challenges in manipulating microsporidia within hosts. In this study, we investigated the effect of Dexrazoxane, a candidate drug against microsporidiosis, on the establishment and development ofVavraia culicisinfection in its natural host, the mosquitoAnopheles gambiae, the main malaria vector. Our findings show that Dexrazoxane significantly reduces spore load, particularly in mosquitoes reared individually, without affecting the overall infection success of the parasite. This result aligns with studies inCaenorhabditis elegans, where Dexrazoxane inhibited new spore production without hindering initial spore integration into the host gut cells. Dexrazoxane’s DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor mechanism likely explains its impact on mosquito development, as larvae exposed to the drug failed to emerge as adults. These findings highlight Dexrazoxane’s potential as a viable tool for controlling microsporidia in adult mosquitoes and hope to enhance the study of mosquito-microsporidia interactions. Further research is required to explore its broader application in vector-borne disease control, including malaria.
Heat Stress on the brown SeaweedAscophyllum nodosum: differential population sensitivity to future climate
Authors: Pereira Luís F. , Arenas Francisco , Seabra Rui , da Silva Rita , Monteiro Cátia , Pereira Joana , Vale Cândida G. , Serôdio João , Frankenbach Silja , Ghiglione Vittoria , Ribeiro Pedro , Lima Fernando P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAccurate forecasts of the biological impacts of climate change require a better understanding of how small-scale temperature variability affects individual physiology and population dynamics. But doing so for intertidal species with large distribution ranges, while also accounting for the effect of local adaptation, presents numerous technical challenges. Here, we assessed the macroecological consequences of thermal stress on the cold-adapted brown seaweedAscophyllum nodosumacross its European distribution. We collected specimens from ten populations spanning latitudes 41°N to 60°N and subjected them to simulated intertidal heat stress using a novel, custom-built experimental setup that replicated realistic conditions, including tidal cycles, light conditions, and temperature trajectories based onin situdata. Our factorial design comprised eight experimental treatments, combining two high-tide water temperatures (15 °C and 20.5 °C) with four low-tide peak temperatures (28.5 °C to 40.5 °C). Physiological performance was evaluated through measurements of growth, mortality, and oxygen production. Results indicate that thermal stress is more closely associated with the magnitude of temperature change between high and low tides rather than the absolute maximum temperatures reached. Algae exposed to warmer water temperatures (20.5 °C) consistently outperformed those in colder water (15 °C), suggesting that cold upwelled waters at the species’ southern limit may not be essential for survival. Southern populations demonstrated higher resilience to thermal stress than central and northern counterparts. Integrating these physiological responses with climate projections, we employed demographic models to forecast long-term population dynamics. The models predict that future climatic conditions could exceed the thermal resilience of specific populations, leading to uneven impacts across the European distribution of the species. Notwithstanding, range contractions may occur at the warm edge of the distribution, where populations, though more resilient to thermal stress, could still be overwhelmed by the pace of warming. This study underscores the importance of realistic experimental simulations in evaluating species’ thermal tolerance and highlights the potential for climate change to differentially impact populations along large latitudinal gradients.