bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan Vertical Loop pada Perawatan Gigi Berjejal Parah dan Crossbite Anterior dengan Teknik Begg
Authors: Nainggolan Herna Juliana , Ardhana Wayan , Christnawati Christnawati 
Published: January 2017

Gigi berjejal dapat terjadi pada semua klasifikasi maloklusi. Perawatan gigi berjejal berat dengan teknik Begg menggunakan vertical loop untuk meningkatkan kelentingan busur labial supaya dapat terpasang pada gigi berjejal sehingga levelling dan unravelling gigi anterior dapat tercapai. Tujuan artikel ini untuk menerangkan manfaat dari vertical loop pada kasus gigi berjejal berat. Pada artikel ini disajikan dua kasus gigi berjejal parah dan crossbite. Kasus pertama: laki-laki 17 tahun tidak percaya diri karena berjejal dan gingsul. Diagnosis: maloklusi Angle klas III subdivisi tipe skeletal klas III dengan maksila retrusif dan mandibula prognatik, gigi berjejal parah dan crossbite anterior. Kasus kedua: perempuan 18 tahun, mengeluhkan gigi berjejal, sulit dibersihkan dan gusi sering berdarah. Diagnosis: Maloklusi Angle klas I tipe skeletal klas I dengan bimaksiler retrusif dan bidental protrusif gigi berjejal berat dan crossbite anterior. Pada kedua kasus dilakukan perawatan dengan alat ortodontik cekat teknik Begg, pada tahap pertama digunakan archwire diameter 0,014” dengan vertical loop untuk koreksi gigi malposisi berupa gigi berjejal, membuka dan menutup ruang gigi anterior dengan menggerakkan gigi ke arah mesiolabial dan labiolingual sehingga gigi berjejal dan crossbite anterior dapat terkoreksi. Hasil: Koreksi inklinasi gigi-gigi rahang atas dan bawah, overjet dan overbite dipertahankan, penutupan sisa ruang, koreksi aksial gigi-gigi dan perbaikan interdigitasi sesuai dengan oklusi normal. Kesimpulan dari penggunaan vertical loop pada perawatan ortodontik cekat dengan teknik Begg menunjukkan sangat efektif dalam mengoreksi gigi berjejal berat dan crossbite anterior.
Perawatan Saluran Akar Satu Kunjungan Pada Pulpa Nekrosis Disertai Restorasi Mahkota Jaket Porselin Fusi Metal dengan Pasak Fiber Reinforced Composit (Kasus Gigi Insisivus Sentralis Kanan Maksila)
Authors: Triharsa Surya , Mulyawati Ema 
Published: January 2017

Perawatan saluran akar satu kunjungan dapat memperkecil resiko adanya kontaminasi bakteri serta mengurangi jumlah kunjungan. Restorasi gigi insisvus sentralis maksila setelah perawatan saluran akar harus mempertimbangkan sisa jaringan keras gigi yang masih ada. Tujuan laporan kasus ini adalah untuk menginformasikan hasil perawatan saluran akar satu kunjungan dengan restorasi mahkota jaket porselin fusi metal dengan pasak Fiber Reinforced Composit (FRC) pada gigi insisivus sentralis kanan maksila. Pasien perempuan 32 tahun datang ke klinik konservasi Gigi RSGM Prof Soedomo FKG UGM ingin merawat gigi depan atas dengan tumpatan yang telah berubah warna. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan subjektif, objektif dan radiografis diperoleh diagnosis pulpa nekrosis. Selanjutnya dilakukan perawatan saluran akar satu kunjungan, dan restorasi mahkota jaket porselin dengan pasak FRC. Hasil evaluasi klinis saat kontrol tidak ada keluhan rasa sakit gigi dan gigi bisa berfungsi dengan normal. One Visit Root Canal Treatment On Necrosis Pulp Followed by Fused Porcelain Metal Jacket Crown with Fiber Reinforced Composit (A Case on Right Maxillary Central Incisivus Teeth). One visit root canal treatment is more beneficial to reduce the risk of bacteria and also shorten the time during the treatment in restoring maxillary incisor, considering the on rest of hard tissue. The objective of this case report is to inform the result of restoration teeth 11 to necrotic pulp after one visit root canal treatment. A 32 year-old female came to RSGM Prof Soedomo FKG UGM to have a treatment on her maxillary central teeth restoration for tooth whose color has changed. After an objective and radiograph examination, it was diagnosed that she suffered from necrotic pulp. The treatment chosen was a one visit root canal treatment followed by porcelain fused to metal jacket crown with fiber post reinforced composit. Based on the clinical evaluation, there was no more pain after the treatment, and the aesthetic aspect was also achieved. The patient was satisfied.
Perawatan Maloklusi Klas III dengan Reverse Overjet Menggunakan Alat Ortodontik Cekat Teknik Begg
Authors: Purwaningsih Yohana Retno Wikandari , Ardhana Wayan , Christnawati Christnawati 
Published: January 2017

Maloklusi klas III true skeletal merupakan kasus yang sulit dirawat dan mudah terjadi relaps. Perawatan ideal kasus ini memerlukan tindakan bedah, namun apabila hal tersebut tidak memungkinkan maka dilakukan perawatan kamuflase. Reverse overjet, atau gigitan terbalik, tipikal mempunyai penyimpangan posisi insisivus atas dan bawah akibat malrelasi maksila dan atau mandibula. Tujuan artikel ini adalah menyajikan perawatan ortodontik kamuflase menggunakan teknik Begg pada maloklusi ini. Pasien perempuan umur 24 tahun mengeluhkan gigi depan berjejal dan tidak nyaman untuk mengunyah makanan. Diagnosis kasus adalah maloklusi Angle klas III, hubungan skeletal klas III dengan protrusif bimaksilar, incisivus atas dan bawah retrusif, pergeseran median line rahang atas ke kanan, disertai edge to edge bite anterior, cross bite posterior dan openbite posterior. Pasien dirawat dengan pencabutan gigi premolar kedua atas,dan premolar pertama bawah untuk mengatasi kondisi kasus tersebut. Kesimpulan dua tahun setelah perawatan, tampak sudut interinsisal berkurang, reverse overjet terkoreksi, edge to edge bite, cross bite dan openbite terkoreksi.Treatment of Class III malocclusion with Reverse Overjet using Orthodontic Begg Technique. A true skeletal class III malocclusion is a difficult case to be treated as it can get easily relap. The ideal treatment of this skeletal types requires a surgery, but if it is not possible, an orthodontic camouflage can be conducted. Reverse overjet typically has upper and lower incisor position deviation due to the mesial position of the mandible in relation to the maxilla.The purpose of this article is to present camouflage orthodontic treatment using Begg orthodontic technique in Class III malocclusion case with reverse overjet. A 24 year-old female patient complained about her front teeth crowding and uncomfortable mastication. From the diagnosis, there was true dento skeletal class III malocclusion with bimaxilary protrusion, bidental retrusion and edge to edge bite. The lower incisors were shifted to the right. The posterior teeth were crossbite and openbite. The patient were treated with extraction of the right upper second premolars and lower first premolars.After 2 years of treatment, it is concluded that the interinsisal angle decreases and the reverse overjet, the edge to edge bite, the crossbite and the openbite are corrected as well.
Pengaruh Level HBA1C Terhadap Fungsi Fagositosis Neutrofil (PMN) pada Penderita Periodontitis Diabetika
Authors: Syaify Ahmad 
Published: January 2017

Latar belakang. Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit sistemik yang sangat terkait dengan meningkatnya keparahan penyakit periodontal. Pada penderita DM diduga kuat bahwa keparahan periodontitis disebabkan oleh gangguan fungsi leukosit. Sel neutrofil (PMN) diketahui berperan besar di dalam system pertahanan jaringan periodontal. Kontrol glikemik pada penderita DM dapat diketahui dengan pemeriksaan level HbA1c. Tujuan. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh level HbA1c pada penderita periodontitis diabetika terhadap fungsi fagositosis sel PMN. Bahan dan Cara. Sel PMN dari darah tepi 15 pasien periodontitis terdiri 5 periodontitis tana DM, 5 periodontitis diabetika terkontrol (HbA1c<7) dan 5 periodontitis diabetika tidak terkontrol (HbA1C>7) diuji aktivitas fagositosinya dengan partikel lateks. Fungsi fagositosis dihitung dengan rumus indeks fagositosis (IF). Hasil. Terdapat perbedaan significant IF sel PMN subyek periodontitis diabetika tidak terkontrol (HbA1c>7) dengan periodontitis non DM. IF tertinggi pada subyek periodontitis non DM dan tertinggi pada periodontitis diabetika tidak terkontrol (HbA1c>7). Kesimpulan. Level HbA1c berpengaruh terhadap fungsi fagositosis sel PMN yang dilihat dari indeks fagositosis (IF). Background. Diabetes mellitus is a systemic condition that has long been associated with an increased and severity of periodontal disease. The severity of periodontitis in diabetic patients was thought caused by decreation of leukocytes function. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) play a key role in the maintenance of gingival (HbA1c) level. Aims. The objective of this study was to analyse the influence of HbA1C level to fagositosis index on diabetic periodontitis patients. Material and Methods. PMN were taken from peripheral blood of 15 periodontitis patients consisted of 5 subject with uncontrolled DM (HbA1c>7), 5 subject with controlled DM (HbA1c<7), and 5 subject non DM as control. Phagocytosis function were determined using latex particle and coaunted by phagocytosis index (PI). Results. These analysis revealed a significant (p<0.05) different of PI between diabetic periodontitis who have HbA1c>7 and periodontitis non diabetic subjects. The higest PI was on diabetic periodontitis with HbA1c level >7 and the lowest PI was on non diabetic subjects. Conclusion. Level of HbA1c on diabetic periodontitis patient influence to phagocytosis function of PMN.
Influence of casting skin on the fatigue lifetime of ferritic ductile cast iron
Authors: Rehmer Birgit , Skrotzki Birgit , Glaubitz Steffen 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The fatigue behavior of cast iron is usually investigated on machined specimens. Components of cast iron, however, have a casting skin. Therefore, the investigation of the influence of the casting skin on the lifetime is of interest. To study this influence, isothermal fatigue tests were carried out on heat resisting spheroidal graphite cast iron EN GJS SiMo 4.05 in 4-point bending setup at 400 °C. Specimens with and without casting skin were investigated comparatively. The number of cycles to failure was significantly lower for specimens with casting skin. Metallographic investigations underline the reduction of lifetime caused by casting skin.
Ein neuer Naturschutz für das Anthropozän (Essay)
Authors: Küffer Christoph 
Published: January 2017

New nature conservation strategies for the Anthropocene (essay)
Nature conservation experiences a phase of vivid debates about its fundamental principles. The underlying basic question is: how can biodiversity be saved and major species extinction be avoided, when most of the planet is affected by human land use and anthropogenic environmental change including climate change? This implies three more specific questions: To what extent does a spatial separation of conservation areas and land use still work? When can nature disturbed by human still be restored to a pre-human state? How should novel species assemblies, and especially those composed of non-native species, be managed? I will in this article discuss current literature dealing with these three questions and propose a middle way between extreme positions, that neither solely relies on the principles of traditional nature conservation nor fully embraces novel anthropogenic nature.
MASSIVE GALAXIES ARE LARGER IN DENSE ENVIRONMENTS: ENVIRONMENTAL DEPENDENCE OF MASS–SIZE RELATION OF EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES
Authors: Yoon Yongmin , Im Myungshin , Kim Jae-Woo 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Under the Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmological models, massive galaxies are expected to be larger in denser environments through frequent hierarchical mergers with other galaxies. Yet, observational studies of low-redshift early-type galaxies have shown no such trend, standing as a puzzle to solve during the past decade. We analyzed 73,116 early-type galaxies at 0.1 ≤ z < 0.15, adopting a robust nonparametric size measurement technique and extending the analysis to many massive galaxies. We find for the first time that local early-type galaxies heavier than 1011.2
M
⊙ show a clear environmental dependence in mass–size relation, in such a way that galaxies are as much as 20%–40% larger in the densest environments than in underdense environments. Splitting the sample into the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and non-BCGs does not affect the result. This result agrees with the ΛCDM cosmological simulations and suggests that mergers played a significant role in the growth of massive galaxies in dense environments as expected in theory.
REVISITING STUDIES OF THE STATISTICAL PROPERTY OF A STRONG GRAVITATIONAL LENS SYSTEM AND MODEL-INDEPENDENT CONSTRAINT ON THE CURVATURE OF THE UNIVERSE
Authors: Xia Jun-Qing , Yu Hai , Wang Guo-Jian , Tian Shu-Xun , Li Zheng-Xiang , Cao Shuo , Zhu Zong-Hong 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we use a recently compiled data set, which comprises 118 galactic-scale strong gravitational lensing (SGL) systems to constrain the statistical property of the SGL system as well as the curvature of the universe without assuming any fiducial cosmological model. Based on the singular isothermal ellipsoid (SIE) model of the SGL system, we obtain that the constrained curvature parameter

is close to zero from the SGL data, which is consistent with the latest result of Planck measurement. More interestingly, we find that the parameter f in the SIE model is strongly correlated with the curvature

. Neglecting this correlation in the analysis will significantly overestimate the constraining power of SGL data on the curvature. Furthermore, the obtained constraint on f is different from previous results:

(68% confidence level [C.L.]), which means that the standard singular isothermal sphere (SIS) model (f = 1) is disfavored by the current SGL data at more than a

C.L. We also divide all of the SGL data into two parts according to the centric stellar velocity dispersion

and find that the larger the value of

for the subsample, the more favored the standard SIS model is. Finally, we extend the SIE model by assuming the power-law density profiles for the total mass density,

, and luminosity density,

, and obtain the constraints on the power-law indices:

and

at a 68% C.L. When assuming the power-law index

, this scenario is totally disfavored by the current SGL data,

.
DUSTiNGS. III. DISTRIBUTION OF INTERMEDIATE-AGE AND OLD STELLAR POPULATIONS IN DISKS AND OUTER EXTREMITIES OF DWARF GALAXIES
Authors: McQuinn Kristen B. W. , Boyer Martha L. , Mitchell Mallory B. , Skillman Evan D. , Gehrz R. D. , Groenewegen Martin A. T. , McDonald Iain , Sloan G. C. , Loon Jacco Th. van , Whitelock Patricia A. , Zijlstra Albert A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We have traced the spatial distributions of intermediate-age and old stars in nine dwarf galaxies in the distant parts of the Local Group, using multi-epoch 3.6 and 4.5 μm data from the DUST in Nearby Galaxies with Spitzer (DUSTiNGS) survey. Using complementary optical imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope, we identify the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) in the 3.6 μm photometry, separating thermally pulsating asymptotic giant branch stars from the larger red giant branch populations. Unlike the constant TRGB in the I band, at 3.6 μm, the TRGB magnitude varies by ∼0.7 mag, making it unreliable as a distance indicator. The intermediate-age and old stars are well mixed in two-thirds of the sample, with no evidence of a gradient in the ratio of the intermediate-age to old stellar populations outside the central ∼1′–2′. Variable AGB stars are detected in the outer extremities of the galaxies, indicating that chemical enrichment from these dust-producing stars may occur in the outer regions of galaxies with some frequency. Theories of structure formation in dwarf galaxies must account for the lack of radial gradients in intermediate-age populations and the presence of these stars in the outer extremities of dwarfs. Finally, we identify unique features in individual galaxies, such as extended tidal features in Sex A and Sag DIG and a central concentration of AGB stars in the inner regions of NGC 185 and NGC 147.
CUSP-SHAPED STRUCTURE OF A JET OBSERVED BY IRIS AND SDO
Authors: Zhang Yuzong , Zhang Jun 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
On 2014 August 29, the trigger and evolution of a cusp-shaped jet were captured in detail at 1330 Å by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph. At first, two neighboring mini-prominences arose in turn from the low solar atmosphere and collided with a loop-like system over them. The collisions between the loop-like system and the mini-prominences lead to the blowout, and then a cusp-shaped jet formed with a spire and an arch-base. In the spire, many brightening blobs originating from the junction between the spire and the arch-base moved upward in a rotating manner and then in a straight line in the late phase of the jet. In the arch-base, dark and bright material simultaneously tracked in a fan-like structure, and the majority of the material moved along the fan's threads. At the later phase of the jet's evolution, bidirectional flows emptied the arch-base, while downflows emptied the spire, thus making the jet entirely vanish. The extremely detailed observations in this study shed new light on how magnetic reconnection alters the inner topological structure of a jet and provides a beneficial complement for understanding current jet models.
EVIDENCE FOR REDUCED SPECIFIC STAR FORMATION RATES IN THE CENTERS OF MASSIVE GALAXIES AT z = 4
Authors: Jung Intae , Finkelstein Steven L. , Song Mimi , Dickinson Mark , Dekel Avishai , Ferguson Henry C. , Fontana Adriano , Koekemoer Anton M. , Lu Yu , Mobasher Bahram , Papovich Casey , Ryan Russell E. , Salmon Brett , Straughn Amber N. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We perform the first spatially resolved stellar population study of galaxies in the early universe (z = 3.5–6.5), utilizing the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey imaging data set over the GOODS-S field. We select a sample of 418 bright and extended galaxies at z = 3.5–6.5 from a parent sample of ∼8000 photometric-redshift-selected galaxies from Finkelstein et al. We first examine galaxies at 3.5 ≲ z ≲ 4.0 using additional deep K-band survey data from the HAWK-I UDS and GOODS Survey which covers the 4000 Å break at these redshifts. We measure the stellar mass, star formation rate, and dust extinction for galaxy inner and outer regions via spatially resolved spectral energy distribution fitting based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. By comparing specific star formation rates (sSFRs) between inner and outer parts of the galaxies we find that the majority of galaxies with high central mass densities show evidence for a preferentially lower sSFR in their centers than in their outer regions, indicative of reduced sSFRs in their central regions. We also study galaxies at z ∼ 5 and 6 (here limited to high spatial resolution in the rest-frame ultraviolet only), finding that they show sSFRs which are generally independent of radial distance from the center of the galaxies. This indicates that stars are formed uniformly at all radii in massive galaxies at z ∼ 5–6, contrary to massive galaxies at z ≲ 4.
OGLE-2015-BLG-0196: GROUND-BASED GRAVITATIONAL MICROLENS PARALLAX CONFIRMED BY SPACE-BASED OBSERVATION
Authors: Han C. , Udalski A. , Gould A. , Zhu Wei ,   and, Szymański M. K. , Soszyński I. , Skowron J. , Mróz P. , Poleski R. , Pietrukowicz P. , Kozłowski S. , Ulaczyk K. , Pawlak M. ,   (The OGLE Collaboration), Yee J. C. , Beichman C. , Novati S. Calchi , Carey S. , Bryden C. , Fausnaugh M. , Gaudi B. S. , Henderson Calen B. , Shvartzvald Y. , Wibking B. ,   (The Spitzer Microlensing Team)
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we present an analysis of the binary gravitational microlensing event OGLE-2015-BLG-0196. The event lasted for almost a year, and the light curve exhibited significant deviations from the lensing model based on the rectilinear lens-source relative motion, enabling us to measure the microlens parallax. The ground-based microlens parallax is confirmed by the data obtained from space-based microlens observations using the Spitzer telescope. By additionally measuring the angular Einstein radius from the analysis of the resolved caustic crossing, the physical parameters of the lens are determined up to the twofold degeneracy, u
0 < 0 and u
0 > 0, solutions caused by the well-known “ecliptic” degeneracy. It is found that the binary lens is composed of two M dwarf stars with similar masses, M
1 = 0.38 ± 0.04 M
⊙ (0.50 ± 0.05 M
⊙) and M
2 = 0.38 ± 0.04 M
⊙ (0.55 ± 0.06 M
⊙), and the distance to the lens is D
L = 2.77 ± 0.23 kpc (3.30 ± 0.29 kpc). Here the physical parameters outside and inside the parentheses are for the u
0 < 0 and u
0 > 0 solutions, respectively.
NO OVERDENSITY OF LYMAN-ALPHA EMITTING GALAXIES AROUND A QUASAR AT z ∼ 5.7
Authors: Mazzucchelli C. , Bañados E. , Decarli R. , Farina E. P. , Venemans B. P. , Walter F. , Overzier R. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Bright quasars, observed when the universe was less than one billion years old (z > 5.5), are known to host massive black holes (∼109
M
⊙) and are thought to reside in the center of massive dark matter overdensities. In this picture, overdensities of galaxies are expected around high-redshift quasars. However, observations based on the detection of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) around these quasars do not offer a clear picture: this may be due to the uncertain redshift constraints of LBGs, which are solely selected through broadband filters. To circumvent such uncertainties, we here perform a search for Lyman-alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs) in the field of the quasar PSO J215.1512–16.0417 at z ∼ 5.73, through narrowband deep imaging with FORS2 at the Very Large Telescope. We study an area of 37 arcmin2, i.e., ∼206 comoving Mpc2 at the redshift of the quasar. We find no evidence of an overdensity of LAEs in the quasar field with respect to blank-field studies. Possible explanations for these findings may be that our survey volume is too small, or that the strong ionizing radiation from the quasar hinders galaxy formation in its immediate proximity. Another possibility is that these quasars are not situated in the dense environments predicted by some simulations.
CHALLENGING SOME CONTEMPORARY VIEWS OF CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS. II. THE CASE FOR ABSENT FILAMENTS
Authors: Howard T. A. , DeForest C. E. , Schneck U. G. , Alden C. R. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
When a coronal mass ejection (CME) appears in a coronagraph it often exhibits three parts. This “classic” three-part configuration consists of a bright leading edge, a dark circular- or teardrop-shaped cavity, and a bright core within the cavity. It is generally accepted that these are manifestations of coronal plasma pileup, the driving magnetic flux rope, and the associated eruptive filament, respectively. The latter has become accepted by the community since coronagraph CMEs have been commonly associated with eruptive filaments for over 40 years. In this second part of our series challenging views on CMEs, we present the case that the inner core of the three-part coronagraph CME may not be, and in the most common cases is not, a filament. We present our case in the form of four exhibits showing that most of the CMEs in a broad survey are not associated with an eruptive filament at the Sun, and that the cores of those CMEs that are filament-associated do not geometrically resemble or consist of material from the associated filament. We conclude with a discussion on the possible causes of the bright CME core and what happens to the filament material postlaunch. We discuss how the CME core could arise spontaneously from the eruption of a flux rope from the Sun, or could be the result of a mathematical caustic produced by the geometric projection of a twisted flux rope.