bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliabilita batérie metód na vyhodnotenie kognitívneho deficitu, depresie a funkčného stavu pacientov s demenciou
Authors: Anderko Štefan 
Published: April 2016

V klinickom výskume sme vzorke pacientov (N = 67) z Domova pro seniory Nopova administrovali viaceré psychodiagnostické metódy s cieľom overiť ich reliabilitu a validitu pri širšom popise demencie. Kognitívny deficit sme zisťovali českými prekladmi testov Addenbrookský Kognitívny Test, Revidovaná Verzia, (ACE-R) a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Na screening depresie sme použili Škálu Geriatrickej Depresie v jej 15 položkovej českej verzii (GDS-15). Aktivity denného života sme posudzovali českými verziami Dotazníka Sebestačnosti (DAD-CZ) a Dotazníka Funkčného Stavu (FAQ-CZ). Použité metódy sa z psychometrického hľadiska ukázali ako reliabilné nástroje. In clinical research we have administered various psychodiagnostic methods to a sample of patients (N = 67) of Domov pro seniory Nopova (retirement home) with the objective to verify their reliability in context of broader description of dementia. The cognitive deficit was measured using the Czech translations of Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). For the screening of the depression we used the Geriatric Depression Scale in its 15-item Czech version (GDS-15). The activities of daily living were assessed using the Czech versions of Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD-CZ) and Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ-CZ). The reliability was verified with Cronbach’s alpha. The used methods proved to be reliable tools in psychometric terms.
Výkon bilingválnych jednotlivcov pri psychodiagnostickom vyšetrení kognitívnych funkcií v ich prvom a druhom jazyku
Authors: Momková Erika , Jurásová Kinga Izsóf 
Published: April 2016

Cieľom práce bolo porovnať výkon bilingválnych jednotlivcov pri testovaní pozornosti, pamäti a inteligencie v ich prvom a druhom jazyku. Mienili sme tým preveriť implicitné predpoklady o zhoršení výkonu bilingválnych jednotlivcov pri psychodiagnostickom vyšetrení, ak to neprebieha v ich prvom jazyku. Výskumný súbor tvorilo 126 bilingválnych respondentov s priemerným vekom 17.87 (SD = 7.77), 66 žien a 60 mužov. Súbor bol rozdelený na štyri vekové skupiny – mladší školský vek, obdobie pubescencie, adolescencie a dospelosti. Vybrané kognitívne funkcie boli merané slovenskými a maďarskými jazykovými formami nasledovných psychologických testov: Číselný štvorec, Pamäťový test učenia, Wechslerov inteligenčný test pre dospelých a Wechslerova inteligenčná škála pre deti. Z výsledkov vyplýva zhoršenie výkonu pri psychodiagnostickom vyšetrení pozornosti, pamäti a inteligencie v druhom jazyku bilingvistov a to bez ohľadu na ich vek. Závery práce poukazujú na dôležitosť voľby primeraného jazyka psychologického testovania bilingválneho klienta kvôli eliminácii znevýhodňujúcich podmienok oproti monolingvistom. The aim of the study was to compare the performance of bilingual individuals in testing attention, memory and intelligence in their first (L1) and second (L2) languages. Our intention was to test the implicit assumptions about the deterioration of the performance of bilingual individuals by psychodiagnostic examination, if it does not proceed in their L1. The sample included 126 bilingual respondents with an average age of 17.87 (SD = 7.77), 66 women and 60 men. This work was divided into four age groups - younger school age, pubescence period, adolescence and adulthood. The selected cognitive functions were measured by Slovak and Hungarian language forms of the following psychological tests: Numeric Square, Memory test of learning, WAIS-R and WISC-III. The results indicate a deterioration of performance at psychodiagnostic test of attention, memory and intelligence in the L2 of bilinguals regardless of their age. The conclusions of the work show the importance of choosing the appropriate language of psychological testing of a bilingual client in order to eliminate disadvantageous conditions compared to a monolingual.
Alma & Oskar (mélodrame d’outre-tombe) de John Rea : le masque moderne de la postmodernité
Authors: Bilodeau Julien 
Published: April 2016

Composée en 1994 pour le Concours national des jeunes interprètes de Radio-Canada, Alma & Oskar (mélodrame d’outre-tombe) de John Rea s’inscrit néanmoins dans un spectre beaucoup plus large et profond que la simple épreuve technique d’un concours. Au coeur d’une réflexion sur la postmodernité, le compositeur réalise une oeuvre qui semble parfaitement épouser le genre : citations et pastiches jusqu’à ce que toutes les forces tranquilles de l’intertextualité se réveillent. Toutefois, en inscrivant l’oeuvre dans la riche tradition du mélodrame, Rea réalise aussi un acte de création positif qui le place dans le sillon d’une modernité retrouvée. L’analyse musicale qui est ici présentée se transforme progressivement en un essai qui dévoile les masques de l’oeuvre et de son auteur.
Slow response in gate current–voltage characteristics of metal–oxide–semiconductor structures on the 4H-SiC

face
Authors: Kumagai Naoki , Kimura Hiroshi , Onishi Yasuhiko , Okamoto Mitsuo , Fukuda Kenji 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
We have investigated the gate current–voltage (I
g–V
g) characteristics of n-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and p-MOS capacitors on the 4H-SiC

face. The gate current response to a change in gate voltage has a very slow part, which has been considered to be due to slow traps in the oxide near the SiO2–SiC interface. However, we found that the slow response can be explained by fast interface traps if the traps have a relatively large concentration. Carrier injection into the interface traps results in a change in the surface potential, and this suppresses the further injection of carriers. This new model can explain many electrical properties such as the constant-current behavior in the I
g–V
g characteristics, which was confirmed by one-dimensional (1D) device simulation. According to this model, the interface traps will not be occupied up to the surface Fermi level within the general time scale of the measurement. In spite of the arguments described above, slow traps also probably exist near the interface between SiO2 and SiC.
Effect of sputtering pressure on crystalline quality and residual stress of AlN films deposited at 823 K on nitrided sapphire substrates by pulsed DC reactive sputtering
Authors: Ohtsuka Makoto , Takeuchi Hiroto , Fukuyama Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a promising material for use in applications such as deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) and surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. In the present study, the effect of sputtering pressure on the surface morphology, crystalline quality, and residual stress of AlN films deposited at 823 K on nitrided a-plane sapphire substrates, which have high-crystalline-quality c-plane AlN thin layers, by pulsed DC reactive sputtering was investigated. The c-axis-oriented AlN films were homoepitaxially grown on nitrided sapphire substrates at sputtering pressures of 0.4–1.5 Pa. Surface damage of the AlN sputtered films increased with increasing sputtering pressure because of arcing (abnormal electrical discharge) during sputtering. The sputtering pressure affected the crystalline quality and residual stress of AlN sputtered films because of a change in the number and energy of Ar+ ions and Al sputtered atoms. The crystalline quality of AlN films was improved by deposition with lower sputtering pressure.
Heterostructure optimization for increasing LED efficiency
Authors: Rabinovich Oleg , Legotin Sergey , Didenko Sergey , Yakimov Evgeniy , Osipov Yuriy , Fedorchenko Irina 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Computer simulations were performed to increase the quantum efficiency of LED by optimizing the nanoheterostructure (NH). Furthermore, the InGaN and AlGaP NHs for LEDs were optimized. On the basis of the optimum NH, ways to further increase the efficiency and the influence of impurities and indium atoms doped into barriers between quantum wells were investigated. The optimum impurity and indium atom concentrations to achieve higher flux were determined.
Editorial
Authors: Silva Daniel Valadão , Santos José Barbosa dos , Galon Leandro , Andres André , Christoffoleti Pedro Jacob , Adegas Fernando Storniolo , Oliveira Jr. Rubem Silvério de 
Published: April 2016

A Equipe Editorial da Revista Brasileira de Herbicidas – RBH tem a honra de apresentar o primeiro número do ano de 2016. A obra é composta por doze trabalhos de revisão com temas de relevante impacto à pesquisa sobre controle químico de plantas daninhas. Os autores são renomados pesquisadores brasileiros, atuando em diversas instituições de ensino e pesquisa.O ano de 2016 tem significado especial para a RBH por se tratar do momento de consolidação do periódico como uma das principais fontes de informações sobre o Manejo Integrado de Plantas Daninhas, com ênfase no controle químico. Uma grande reforma foi proposta pela nova equipe de editores, alterando significativamente desde o sistema de submissão à visualização do paper na versão final. O resultado já pode ser constatado pela redução do tempo entre a submissão e a publicação dos artigos aceitos.Essa edição especial também é celebrada num momento ímpar para a Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas – SBCPD. Em 2016, comemora-se a 30ª edição do Congresso Brasileiro da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas (CBCPD), confirmado para a cidade de Curitiba entre os dias 22 e 26 de agosto. O evento espera reunir mais de 1000 congressista entre estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação, técnicos e pesquisadores do Brasil e de vários países.Após o impressionante sucesso da 29º CBCPD realizado em Gramado (RS), acredita-se que Curitiba será um excelente ambiente para discutir o presente progresso na Ciência das Plantas Daninhas, o desenvolvimento de novos herbicidas com base em novos conceitos, e os avanços na resistência de plantas daninhas a herbicidas que irão mudar nossa abordagem no manejo das culturas nos próximos anosHoje, é fácil de imaginar um futuro onde a ciência das plantas daninhas será baseada em uma compreensão mais profunda dos conceitos fundamentais da biologia das plantas daninhas, tecnologia de aplicação, comportamento ambiental de herbicidas, novas traits, e o desafio de resistência de plantas daninhas a herbicidas. Cientistas de plantas daninhas estão agora capacitados, podendo usufruir dos maiores avanços alcançados nos últimos anos em fisiologia de herbicidas e biotecnologia das culturas. O 30º CBCPD será uma oportunidade única para ouvir líderes de opinião em todo o mundo que irão partilhar conosco as inovações recentes em seus respectivos campos.Jovens cientistas e estudantes são especialmente incentivados a apresentar seus recentes descobrimentos por meio da sessão de pôster. Um bom número de atividades está sobre preparação para atender a próxima geração de cientistas de plantas daninhas. Além disso, um grande esforço está em andamento para encorajar a participação de um número significativo de consultores e extensionistas, o que vai trazer uma nova abordagem refrescante para pesquisa e universidades.Estamos ansiosos recebê-los em Curitiba, uma das cidades mais charmosas do Brasil.Com os nossos melhores cumprimentos pessoais.
A probabilistic formulation of bed load transport to include spatial variability of flow and surface grain size distributions
Authors: Monsalve Angel , Yager Elowyn M. , Turowski Jens M. , Rickenmann Dieter 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBed load fluxes are typically calculated as a function of the reach averaged boundary shear stress and a representative bed grain size distribution. In steep, rough channels, heterogeneous bed surface texture and macro‐roughness elements cause significant local deviations from the mean shear stress but this variability is often omitted in bed load calculations. Here we present a probabilistic bed load transport formulation that explicitly includes local variations in the flow field and grain size distribution. The model is then tested in a 10% gradient stream, to evaluate its predictive capability and to explore relations between surface grain size sorting and boundary shear stress. The boundary shear stress field, calculated using a quasi‐3D hydraulic model, displayed substantial variability between patch classes, but the patch mean dimensionless shear stress varied inversely with patch median grain size. We developed an empirical relation between the applied shear stress on each patch class and the reach averaged shear stress and median grain size. Predicted sediment volumes using this relation in our bed load equation were as accurate as those using complete shear stress distributions and more accurate than current bed load transport equations. Our results suggest that when spatially variable grain size distributions (e.g., patches of sediment) are present they must be explicitly included in bed load transport calculations. Spatial variability in shear stress was relatively more important than grain size variations for sediment transport predictions.
Sound velocities of aluminum‐bearing stishovite in the mantle transition zone
Authors: Gréaux Steeve , Kono Yoshio , Wang Yanbin , Yamada Akihiro , Zhou Chunyin , Jing Zhicheng , Inoue Toru , Higo Yuji , Irifune Tetsuo , Sakamoto Naoya , Yurimoto Hisayoshi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe elasticity of Al‐bearing stishovite with 1.0, 3.3, and 4.5 wt % Al2O3 was investigated in the multianvil apparatus at high pressures and temperatures up to 21 GPa and 1700 K, by ultrasonic interferometry in conjunction with in situ X‐ray techniques. The moduli KS and G are found to decrease with increasing Al2O3 content, while their pressure and temperature derivatives do not change in a significant manner for 1.0 and 3.3 wt % Al2O3. The temperature derivatives for 4.5 wt % Al2O3, however, are larger, which may result from a change in the Al substitution mechanism at high Al2O3 content. It is shown that acoustic velocities of any mid‐ocean ridge basalt are lower by −0.4% than those calculated from pure stishovite data. Velocity perturbations up to −3.4% (VP) and −4.2% (VS) in subducted slabs are explained by the combination of the thermal equilibration (ΔT ~ 600 K) of the slab and Al enrichment in stishovite.
Evidence for slab material under Greenland and links to Cretaceous High Arctic magmatism
Authors: Shephard G. E. , Trønnes R. G. , Spakman W. , Panet I. , Gaina C. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the evolution of extinct ocean basins through time and space demands the integration of surface kinematics and mantle dynamics. We explore the existence, origin, and implications of a proposed oceanic slab burial ground under Greenland through a comparison of seismic tomography, slab sinking rates, regional plate reconstructions, and satellite‐derived gravity gradients. Our preferred interpretation stipulates that anomalous, fast seismic velocities at 1000–1600 km depth imaged in independent global tomographic models, coupled with gravity gradient perturbations, represent paleo‐Arctic oceanic slabs that subducted in the Mesozoic. We suggest a novel connection between slab‐related arc mantle and geochemical signatures in some of the tholeiitic and mildly alkaline magmas of the Cretaceous High Arctic Large Igneous Province in the Sverdrup Basin. However, continental crustal contributions are noted in these evolved basaltic rocks. The integration of independent, yet complementary, data sets provides insight into present‐day mantle structure, magmatic events, and relict oceans.
Consistency of Aquarius sea surface salinity with Argo products on various spatial and temporal scales
Authors: Lee Tong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the accuracies of satellite‐derived sea surface salinity measurements in depicting temporal changes and their dependence on spatiotemporal scales is important to applications, capability assessment, and future satellite mission design. This study quantifies the consistency between Aquarius Version 4 monthly gridded sea surface salinity (SSS) with two Argo‐based monthly gridded near‐surface salinity products for describing temporal changes on 1° × 1°, 3° × 3°, and 10° × 10° scales. Globally averaged standard deviation values for Aquarius‐Argo salinity differences on these three spatial scales are 0.16, 0.14, and 0.09 practical salinity unit (psu), compared to those between the two Argo products of 0.10, 0.09, and 0.04 psu. The consistency between Aquarius and Argo is similar to that between the two Argo products in the tropics for seasonal signals, and in the tropics and midlatitudes for nonseasonal signals. Therefore, the uncertainties of Argo products for various scales need to be considered in evaluating satellite SSS. Innovative satellite technologies are needed to improve high‐latitude satellite SSS measurements.
Enhanced O2+ loss at Mars due to an ambipolar electric field from electron heating
Authors: Ergun R. E. , Andersson L. A. , Fowler C. M. , Woodson A. K. , Weber T. D. , Delory G. T. , Andrews D. J. , Eriksson A. I. , McEnulty T. , Morooka M. W. , Stewart A. I. F. , Mahaffy P.R. , Jakosky B. M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRecent results from the MAVEN Langmuir Probe and Waves instrument suggest higher than predicted electron temperatures (Te) in Mars' dayside ionosphere above ~180 km in altitude. Correspondingly, measurements from Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer indicate significant abundances of O2+ up to ~500 km in altitude, suggesting that O2+ may be a principal ion loss mechanism of oxygen. In this article, we investigate the effects of the higher Te (which results from electron heating) and ion heating on ion outflow and loss. Numerical solutions show that plasma processes including ion heating and higher Te may greatly increase O2+ loss at Mars. In particular, enhanced Te in Mars' ionosphere just above the exobase creates a substantial ambipolar electric field with a potential (eΦ) of several kBTe, which draws ions out of the region allowing for enhanced escape. With active solar wind, electron, and ion heating, direct O2+ loss could match or exceed loss via dissociative recombination of O2+. These results suggest that direct loss of O2+ may have played a significant role in the loss of oxygen at Mars over time.
Varying deformation patterns in central Tibet revealed by radial anisotropy tomography
Authors: Zhang Heng , Zhao Dapeng , Yu Chunquan , Zhao Junmeng 
Published: April 2016

AbstractP wave radial anisotropy tomography of the upper mantle beneath the central Tibetan plateau is derived using a large number of traveltime data of teleseismic events. Our results show a prominent high‐velocity (high‐V) zone which is separated by a low‐velocity (low‐V) anomaly beneath the Himalayan block, extending to ~33°N, and a low‐V zone down to ~300 km depth beneath the northern Qiangtang block. The upper mantle beneath northern Qiangtang exhibits a significant positive radial anisotropy (i.e., horizontal Vp > vertical Vp), implying lateral material flow rather than material upwelling in the upper mantle. In the central part of the study region, a prominent high‐V zone exists at depths of 150 to 300 km and exhibits a negative radial anisotropy (i.e., horizontal Vp < vertical Vp), reflecting the subducting Indian lithospheric mantle. Variations of shear wave splitting in this region revealed by previous studies may be attributed to the low‐V layer above the Indian lithospheric mantle. A high‐V zone with a positive radial anisotropy is located beneath the southern Lhasa block, which is interpreted to be the northward underthrusting Indian lithospheric mantle. Multilayer radial anisotropy is detected beneath southern Tibet, which may reflect a complex deformation pattern there.
Bayesian probabilities forMw9.0+ earthquakes in the Aleutian Islands from a regionally scaled global rate
Authors: Butler Rhett , Frazer L. Neil , Templeton William J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe use the global rate ofMw ≥ 9.0 earthquakes, and standard Bayesian procedures, to estimate the probability of such mega events in the Aleutian Islands, where they pose a significant risk to Hawaii. We find that the probability of such an earthquake along the Aleutians island arc is 6.5% to 12% over the next 50 years (50% credibility interval) and that the annualized risk to Hawai'i is about $30 M. Our method (the regionally scaled global rate method or RSGR) is to scale the global rate ofMw9.0+ events in proportion to the fraction of global subduction (units of area per year) that takes place in the Aleutians. The RSGR method assumes thatMw9.0+ events are a Poisson process with a rate that is both globally and regionally stationary on the time scale of centuries, and it follows the principle of Burbidge et al. (2008) who used the product of fault length and convergence rate, i.e., the area being subducted per annum, to scale the Poisson rate for the GSS to sections of the Indonesian subduction zone. Before applying RSGR to the Aleutians, we first apply it to five other regions of the global subduction system where its rate predictions can be compared with those from paleotsunami, paleoseismic, and geoarcheology data. To obtain regional rates from paleodata, we give a closed‐form solution for the probability density function of the Poisson rate when event count and observation time are both uncertain.
Offshore Southern California lithospheric velocity structure from noise cross‐correlation functions
Authors: Bowden D. C. , Kohler M. D. , Tsai V. C. , Weeraratne D. S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA new shear wave velocity model offshore Southern California is presented that images plate boundary deformation including both thickening and thinning of the crustal and mantle lithosphere at the westernmost edge of the North American continent. The Asthenospheric and Lithospheric Broadband Architecture from the California Offshore Region Experiment (ALBACORE) ocean bottom seismometer array, together with 65 stations of the onshore Southern California Seismic Network, is used to measure ambient noise correlation functions and Rayleigh wave dispersion curves which are inverted for 3‐D shear wave velocities. The resulting velocity model defines the transition from continental lithosphere to oceanic, illuminating the complex history and deformation in the region. A transition to the present‐day strike‐slip regime between the Pacific and North American Plates resulted in broad deformation and capture of the now >200 km wide continental shelf. Our velocity model suggests the persistence of the uppermost mantle volcanic processes associated with East Pacific Rise spreading adjacent to the Patton Escarpment, which marks the former subduction of Farallon Plate underneath North America. The most prominent of these seismic structures is a low‐velocity anomaly underlying the San Juan Seamount, suggesting ponding of magma at the base of the crust, resulting in thickening and ongoing adjustment of the lithosphere due to the localized loading. The velocity model also provides a robust framework for future earthquake location determinations and ground‐shaking simulations for risk estimates.