bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potato Insect Control, Ft. Collins, Co 1995
Authors: Cranshaw Whitney , Sclar D. Casey , Spriggs Aaron , Bishop Jason 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Plots were established at the Department of Horticulture Field Research Center; north of Ft. Collins, CO. Planting was done 12 May, establishing a series of 2-row plots, 30-ft in length. Plot design was a RCB with 4 replications. Admire applications were made to the soil along the sides of the hills and incorporated to a depth of 1-2 inches with a hand cultivator on 5 June, shortly after plant emergence. Soil applications of Granusol Magnesium were applied and incorporated into the hill on 24 June and 24 July. All foliar treatments were applied 27 June and 14 July (immediately after plot evaluations) using a CO2 compressed air sprayer with a single flat fan nozzle delivering 20 gal gal/acre at 45 psi in a series of passes that covered the top and both sides of each row. At the time of original treatment Colorado potato beetle mating and egg laying was common, with some recently hatched larvae present. Evaluations of Colorado potato beetle (CPB) larvae were made 30 June and 13 July by counting all larvae on the center 20-ft of each row. Populations dropped sharply after this point, preventing subsequent sampling. Potato flea beetle samples were taken on 4 dates, making 6 sweeps row (12 sweeps/plot) on the first two samples and 8 sweeps/plot on the subsequent samples. Green peach aphid and potato/tomato psyllid were enumerated by counting insects on 35 leaves per plot.
Colorado Potato Beetle Control, Crookston, Mn, 1995
Authors: Noetzel David M. , Holder Bobby 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Certified B-size seed was planted on 26 May in a Bearden silt-loam dryland site. Soil moisture was considerably above normal. Plots were 4 40 inch rows 25 ft in length. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design and replicated 4 times. Admire was applied at planting time. Foliar treatments were applied in approximately 20/gal/acre using a hand-held CO2 sprayer and 40 psi. Foliar treatment dates were 29 June, 9 and 20 July, and 4 and 23 August. The initial application was delayed and defoliation was in excess of that normally used to initiate treatment. CPB populations were able to completely defoliate plants by the third week in July. Larval ratings were 0=none and 5≥50 per plant. Potato leafhopper ratings (0=none 5 = severe) were taken but appear to be uniform where potato plants were present. Late blight began to appear in the plots the second week of August. CPB populations were high and have been resistant to Asana XL in recent growing seasons.
Colorado Potato Beetle Control, Crookston, Mn, 1995
Authors: Noetzel David M. , Holder Bobby 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Certified B size seed was planted May 26 in a Bearden silt loam dryland soil. Soil moisture was above normal. Plots were 4 40 inch rows 25 ft in length. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design and replicated 4 times. Admire treatments were applied at planting time. Foliar treatments were applied in approximately 20 gal/acre using a hand held CO2 sprayer. Foliar treatments were broadcast applied on 29 June and 9 and 30 July. Larval ratings were 0 = None and 5 = approx. 35 per plant. No phytotoxicity was noted. Late blight appeared early in August and could not be totally controlled so plants were (killed) early (12 Sept). These yields are much below normal.
Foliar Sprays to Control Aphids on Fall Spinach, 1995
Authors: Speese John 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Spinach was planted on 5 Sep in a commercial field owned by VanKesteren Farms in Tasley, VA. The crop was planted across the field in beds 5 ft wide with 2 ft of bare ground between beds. Each bed contained 6 rows of spinach. For the experiment, an area of the field with high numbers of GPA was selected and divided into 20 ft X 5 ft plots. Each treatment was replicated 3 times in a RCB. A single application of each treatment was made with a backpack sprayer using 3 hollow cone nozzles/row. Evaluation criteria consisted of counts of the number of GPA on 10 randomly picked leaves/plot on the dates indicated in the table. On the last date, the number of mummies/10 leaves was also counted. The mummies were aphids killed by entomopathic fungi and, in much lower numbers, by parasitic wasps. Mummies attached to the leaves, as well as live aphids, render the produce unmarketable.
Control Of Insects On Tomato, 1995
Authors: Foster R. E. , Buhler W. G. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Transplants were planted 30 May at the O’Neall Memorial Farm, Lafayette, Indiana. Plots consisted of single rows, 30 ft long, 8 ft apart, arranged in a RCB with four replications. Insecticides were applied with a CO2-powered backpack sprayer using hollow cone nozzle tips and delivering 16.3 gal water/acre at 30 psi. Sprays were applied 1 Aug. Insects were counted by destructively sampling 5 whole plants in each plot on 4 Aug. Results are presented as the average number of insects per 5 plants.
Control of European Corn Borer Larvae on Reproductive Stage Field Corn, 1994
Authors: Seymour R. C. , Campbell J. B. , Wright R. J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Various pesticides were applied to blister stage (R6 stage) field corn on 9 Aug, near North Platte, NE. The treatments were applied with a CO2-charged backpack sprayer through 8001 flat fan nozzles at 30 psi, in a total volume of 21 gal/acre. Each treatment was applied to 3 by 10 m plots and replicated 4 times in a RCB design. On the day of application, neonate ECB larvae were applied, in corn cob grit, to the axils of 3 leaves of 5 plants in each plot. Artificially infested plants were collected 40 DAT, split from root to tassel and evaluated for the presence of ECB caused cavities, the total length of ECB caused cavities and live ECB larvae. The incidence of lodged plants was determined 48 DAT on 20 consecutive plants from the middle of each of the center 2 rows of each plot. BGM infested leaves were attached to 2 plants in each plot 2 d prior to application. Seven, 14, and 28 DAT the size of spider mite colonies were rated, on a 0-6 scale, on the underside of the 4 lowest leaves of the previously infested plants. These plants were also evaluated for the presence of arthropod predators.
Effect of Selected Insecticides for Thrips Control on Cotton in North Carolina, 1995
Authors: Bacheler J. S. , Mott D. W. , Edmisten Keith , Straughn Edward 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Granular insecticides were applied in-furrow at planting from a positive displacement device mounted above the planter on 25 May at the Upper Coastal Plain Research Station in Edgecombe County, NC. Liquid at-planting treatments were applied from a tractor at 3.5 mph with 20 gpa water through 8003 flat fan nozzles at 20 psi directed into the seed furrow. The foliar treatments were applied on 8 and 13 Jun via a CO2-pressurized sprayer calibrated to deliver 8.0 gpa at 50 psi with a single TX-8 Spray Systems nozzle 18 inches over the row. Plots were 4 rows X 50 ft, with 4 reps, arranged in a RCBD. The 11 treatments were evaluated for plant height, adult and immature thrips establishment, fruit load, percent opened bolls and yields. All data were subjected to ANOVA and DMRT. Plots were harvested with a 2-row John Deere mechanical picker from the middle 2 rows on 19 Oct.
Evaluation of Foliar and Infurrow Insecticides for Control of Thrips on Cotton in Mississippi, 1995
Authors: Reed Jack T. , Jackson C. S. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Insecticides were evaluated at the Plant Science Research Farm, Mississippi State, MS, in a RCB design with 4 replications. Plot size was 4 rows wide (38 inch spacing) by 50 ft long with 4 unsprayed buffer rows between plots. Insecticides applied in-furrow at planting on 10 May were applied with belt cone applicators (Temik 15G) or by CO2-powered plot applicators with a single 9001VF flat fan nozzle per row turned to direct the spray into the seed furrow and calibrated to apply 10 gpa at 2 mph (Orthene 90S at 1.1 lb[AI]/acre and Admire 2F). Insecticides were applied on 7 Jun with a high clearance spray tractor equipped with two TX4 hollow cone nozzles spaced at 19 inches and calibrated for 5 gpa at a pressure of 35 psi and a speed of 4 mph. Carrier of the insecticides was water, with an initial pH of 8.0. Five plants/plot were collected at random by cutting plants at ground level with scissors and gently placing them in Ziploc bags for transportation to the lab. Samples were then washed with a mixture of Clorox, water and a drop of dishwashing detergent into a sieve with 125 micron openings. Thrips were then washed onto filter paper for counting, and adults were identified to species by use of a dissection microscope. Representative insects were identified to species by use of phase contrast microscopy. Plots were not harvested.
Field Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Tarnished Plant Bugs in Mississippi, 1995
Authors: Reed Jack T. , Jackson C. S. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Insecticides were evaluated at the Plant Science Research Farm, Mississippi State, MS, in a RCB design with 4 replications. Plot size was 2 rows wide by 50 ft long with 4 unsprayed buffer rows between plots. Insecticides were applied on 22 May with a CO2-powered backpack sprayer equipped with a single Spraying Systems TX4 hollow cone nozzle and calibrated for 5 gpa at a pressure of 38 psi and a speed of 4 mph. Carrier of the insecticides was water, with an initial pH of 8.0. Plant bugs were collected the morning of application by sweeping wild flowers with a 15 inch diam sweep net. After plots were sprayed and allowed to dry, fine mesh cloth sleeve cages were placed on each of 2 plants per plot and fastened at the mainstem with a ponytail holder. Ten plant bugs were then placed into each cage. The bags were then fastened at the top with another ponytail holder. Twenty-four h after infestation, ihe plants were cut below the bags and were transported to the lab where mortality data was taken. Insects failing to move when prodded were classified as dead.
Control of Soybean Looper and Beet Armyworm in the Macon Ridge Region of Louisiana, 1995
Authors: Fife J. H. , Leonard B. R. , Torrey K. D. , Boethel D. J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Two tests were conducted at the Macon Ridge location of the Northeast Research Station to evaluate the efficacy of selected insecticides against soybean looper and beet armyworm. Plots in both consisted of 4 rows (40 inch centers) X 50 ft, planted 15 Jun and arranged in a RCB with 4 replications. Insecticides were applied in both tests on 23 Aug with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 11.5 gpa through Teejet TX-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 44 psi. Treatments were evaluated at 2 and 7 DAT using two 25-sweep samples/plot with a standard 15 inch diam sweep net. Rows 1 and 2 were sampled 2 DAT and rows 3 and 4 were sampled 7 DAT. No rainfall occurred during these tests. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, and means were separated according to DMRT.
Sugarbeet Root Maggot Control, 1995
Authors: Stoltz Robert L. , Matteson Nancy A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Experimental plots were established approximately 10 miles east of Hazelton, ID. The soil type was Portneuf silt loam and the plots were furrow irrigated. Eight treatments and an untreated check were replicated 4 times in a RCB design. Individual plots were 6 rows (22 inch row spacing) by 30 ft. Alleys were cut between plots to give 25 ft of row per plot. On 18 Apr all plots were planted at which time sidedress applications of Temik and band applications of Temik, Counter, and Aztec were made. Temik was placed 2 inches to the water side of the furrow and 2-3 inch deep for the sidedress applications (SAP). Aztec, Counter and the other Temik application were applied as a 4 inch band over the row (i.e., behind press wheel) and chain incorporated (BAP). On 25 May, post-emergence band applications (BPE) of Temik, Counter and Lorsban were made. Temik and Counter were applied as a 4 inch band (BPE) over the row and chain incorporated. Lorsban was applied as a 3-4 inch banded spray (early fly emergence, EF) using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer (20 gpa at 30 psi). On 12 Jun, a Lorsban treatment was made (peak fly emergence, PF) using a CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer as previously described. On 1 Aug after most larval feeding had ended, five adjacent beets were dug from the middle of rows two and five to give 10 beets per plot for rating root maggot damage. Weights of the 10 beet samples were also taken at this time. The beets were washed and rated for damage using 2 rating schemes: The five point system was 0 = no scars; 1 = \-b small scars of pinhead size; 2 = 5-10 small scars to 3 large scars; 3 = more than 3 large scars; 4 = one-half to three-quarters root area blackened by scars; 5 = more than three-quarters of root area damaged, dying beet. The seven point system was 0 = no damage; 1 = l-4 small scars of pinhead size; 2 = 5-10 small scars, or up to 3 larger scars; 3 = more than 3 large scars; 4 = 4 large scars to one-quarter root surface covered with scars; 5 = one-quarter to one-half root surface covered with scars; 6 = one-half to three-quarter root area blackened by scars; 7 = more than three-quarter root surface blackened, dying beet. On 14 Sep sugar beets in rows 3 and 4 (middle 2 rows) in all treatment plots except the Aztec treatment, were machine lifted, hand topped and untared weights were taken for yield estimates. All data were analyzed using ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls.
Furadan 4F Soil Treatment Vs Asana Xl 0.66e For Season-Long Sunflower Beetle Control, Valley City, Nd, 1995
Authors: Noetzel David M. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Four 80 acre commercial sunflower fields were divided into 40 acre strips 0.5 mile in length. Furadan at a rate of 1.0 lb (AI)/acre was applied with the seed at planting time in 1 strip and a similar strip was left untreated. Fields were bordered with 32 treated rows Asana XL was applied by air in equal width strips perpendicular to the direction of planting. An early treatment using Asana XL in 1.0 gpa total was applied at the 4-6 leal plant stage. A late treatment of Asana XL was applied at bud stage; both applications were made to 1 strip, and one strip remained untreated. Treatments were randomized and arranged in a split plot design. Individual plot size was approximately 10 acres. Yields were obtained by taking two 3 ft X 20 ft subsamples per 10 acre plot from the center of each 10 acres. Means were compared using LSD.
Evaluation of Merit 75Wsp for Extended Management of Black Cutworm on Creeping Bentgrass at University Park, Pennsylvania, 1995
Authors: Heller P. R. , Walker R. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Treatment plots were 10 X 8 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 4 times. Liquid formulations were applied by using a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 6 8O02VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on an 8 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 756 ml of water/80 ft2 or delivering 2.5 gal/1,000 ft2. At treatment time (14 Jun), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 72°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 78°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 70°F; RH, 62%; amount of thatch, 0.125 inch; soil textural class, sandy loam; soil particle size analysis: 73.9% sand, 21.0% silt, 5.1% clay; soil moisture (oven dry weight), 31.6%; organic matter, 5.4%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.6; time of application, mid morning; and clear skies. The area received 0.2 inch of irrigation immediately after treatment (14 Jun). Efficacy data was recorded on nine sampling dates (23 Jun, 30 Jun, 7 Jul, 14 Jul, 28 Jul, 11 Aug, 23 Aug, 8 Sep, 13 Sep) by counting the number of black cutworm larvae flushed to the surface within a 1.0 yd2 wood frame sampling area using a soap irritant drench of 15 ml Lemon Joy™dishwashing detergent in 2 gal of water.
Annual White Grub Control on a Golf Course Fairway in Lancaster Co., Nebraska, 1995
Authors: Baxendale F. P. , Weinhold A. P. , Bargen K. Von , Grisso R. D. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a golf course fairway. The turf (50% Kentucky bluegrass and 50% perennial rye) was maintained at a mowing height of 11/16 inches. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.375 to 0.50 inches. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 3-5%; soil pH, 6.7; water pH, 7.0. Environmental conditions at the time of application were as follows: soil moisture 21%; air temperature 78°F; soil temperature 83°F; relative humidity 64%; wind direction and velocity 31° at 6 mph. Plots were 40 inches X 15 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Insecticide applications were applied on 9 Aug 1995 using either a Cushman prototype subsurface applicator designed to place insecticide granular treatments at the soil-thatch interface (avg depth 0.5 inches), or a CO2 sprayer with an LF4 nozzle at 40 psi and delivering 3 gal/1000 ft2. Following applications, plots were irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. Post-treatment precipitation totaled 0.67 inches. Treatments were evaluated 28 DAT on 6 SEP by removing from each plot three, 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (1.05 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs. Pretreatment counts indicated 10-20 SMC/ft2 with 18% eggs and 82% second instars in the test area.
Full Season Control of Japanese Beetle Grub Control with Merit, NH, 1994
Authors: Swier Stanley R. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The trial was conducted 10 May on a golf course rough, Amherst, NH. Plots were 10 X 10 ft, replicated 4 times, in a RCB design. Merit WP was applied in 4 gal water/1000 ft2 with a watering, can. Merit G granules were applied with a homemade salt shaker. Treatments were irrigated with 0.5 inch water after application. Plots were rated 30 Sep by counting the number of live grubs per 1 ft2. Conditions at the time of treatment were: air temperature 70°F; wind, 3 MPH; sky, clear; soil temperature, 1 inch, 60°F; thatch depth, 0.5 inch soil pH, 5.4; slope 0%; soil texture, silt loam, 47% sand, 50% silt, 3% clay; soil organic matter, 6.9%; soil moisture, 21.8%.
Efficacy of Four Turf Insecticides Against Japanese Beetle Larvae, Golf Course Rough, 1995
Authors: Vittum P. J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Four turf insecticides (Triumph, Merit, Turcam, and Proxol) were tested for efficacy against Japanese beetle larvae on a golf course fairway in Stockbridge, Mass. The fairway consisted of 40% perennial ryegrass, 30% Kentucky bluegrass, 25% annual bluegrass, and was mowed at ca. 2.0 inches. Pre-treatment samples on 14 Aug revealed ca. 18 grubs/ft2, 30% eggs, 65% first instars, 5% second instars. Treatment plots were 8 ft by 8 ft, replicated 5 times, arranged in a RCB. Triumph, Merit, and Turcam applications were made between 9:30 and 11:00 AM on 14 Aug 95. Proxol was applied on 14 Aug, 30 Aug, or 18 Sep. Liquid formulations were applied by hand with a watering can, 3 liters per plot. Conditions at the time of application were as follows: 14 Aug–air temp. 80° F, light scattered clouds, calm, low humidity; 30 Aug–air temp. 70° F, sunny, light W wind (&lt;5 mph), low humidity; 18 Sep–air temp 75° F, sunny, moderate NW wind (10 mph); soil type, silty loam; soil pH 6.8; water pH, 7.2-7.4; thatch 0.4 inch thick with moderate density. All plots were hand watered with 0.1 inch water immediately after application. Product efficacy was evaluated on 2 Oct by removing 5 cupcutter plugs (4.25 inch diam) from near the center of each plot, dislodging soil with a hand trowel, and counting all grubs to a depth of 3 inches.
Peach, Season-Long Insect Control, 1995
Authors: Johnson James W. , Wise John C. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Insecticides were applied to mature trees on the Trevor Nichols Res. Com. (Peach 2) at a rate of 100 gpa with an FMC 1029 airblast sprayer. Treatments were arranged as completely randomized units consisting of single trees, each replicated 4 times. Applications were made on 8 May (Pink and 1st OFM flight), 26 May (Petal Fall), 7 Jun (1C), 19 Jun (2C), 3 Jul (3C), 17 Jul (4C), and 28 Jul (5C). Rovral and Ferbam were applied separately to all treatments. OFM flagging evaluations were made on 7 Jun, 14 Jun, 21 Jun and 21 Jul by randomly selecting 100 terminals per replicate, or 400 per treatment, and examining them for damage. Mid-season fruit evaluations were made on 5 Jul by randomly picking 25 fruit from the periphery of the tree from each replicate, or 100 fruit per treatment, and examining them for damage as indicated in the table. Harvest fruit evaluations were made on 14 Aug by picking 100 fruit randomly from the periphery of the tree from each replicate, for a total of 400 fruit per treatment, and examining them for damage as indicated in the table.
Effect of Insecticides on Celery Insectsc, 1995
Authors: Carson W. G. , Trumble J. T. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Celery was transplanted in a sandy loam soil on 29-30 Aug at the University of California’s South Coast Field Station. The plants were sprinkler irrigated for three weeks and drip irrigated (water pH 7.2-7.5) thereafter. Experimental plots were four beds wide (two rows per bed on 40-inch centers) by 40 ft and separated by a 5 ft buffer with four replicates of each treatment in a RCB design. Applications were weekly from 5 Oct through 30 Nov (total of 9 applications for all chemicals except Avid and Avid + Lannate). Actual dates of applications were: 5, 12, 19, 26 Oct, and 3, 9, 16, 21, 30 Nov. Avid was applied on 5, 12 Oct and again on 3, 9, 30 Nov. The Avid + Lannate treatment was the same except that Lannate was applied on 19, 26 Oct and 16, 21 Nov. All chemicals were applied by a tractor-mounted boom sprayer operated at 125 psi. Nozzles were 4 per bed and carrier (H2O) was at 100 gpa. Disc-type cone nozzles incorporated D3 orifice discs, #25 cores and 50-mesh screens. All treatments received spreader-sticker. Antifoam (No-Foam®) was used with all treatments. Leafminer populations were evaluated by weekly counts of leafminer prepupae and pupae in four 5 1/2 X 11 inch trays/replicate when the plants reached a suitable height. Actual sampling dates were 16, 25, 31 Oct and 8, 16, 20, 30 Nov. The number of dead adult parasites of Liriomyza species were recorded in the same manner and on the same dates listed for pupal counts. Evaluation of BAW populations was based on number of damaged plants found in 25 plants per replicate (100/treatment) from the center two rows of each replicate at harvest (6-7 Dec).
Impact of Insecticides on Tomato Insects 1996
Authors: Carson W.G. , Trumble J. T. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Seedlings were transplanted in a sandy loam type soil on 18 June at the University of California’s South Coast Field Station in Santa Ana, California. Experimental plots were 4 rows wide (5-ft centers) by 40 ft long and separated by a 5-ft buffer. The tomato transplants were drip irrigated (water pH 7.2-7.5). Treatments were replicated 4 times in a RCB block design. Weekly applications were initiated at first fruiting. Application dates were 25 Jul, 1, 8, 15, 22, 29 Aug, and 5, 12, 19 Sep. A tractor-mounted boom sprayer with 6 nozzles per row incorporated D-3 orifice disks, #25 cores, and 50 mesh screens. Operating pressure was 100 psi delivering 100 gpa. Spreader sticker (Leaf Act 80) was included for all treatments at 0.04%, except Fortune AZA and Neemix (+0.5% crop oil) and Aphistar (+ silwet @ 2 oz./lOO gal.). Leafminer populations were evaluated by weekly counts of leafminer prepupae and pupae in four 9 by 11 inch trays/replicate from 30 Jul through 18 Sep, inclusive. On 23-25 Sep, 200 mature-green to ripe fruit were harvested from the center 2 rows of each replicate (800 per treatment) and examined for internal damage (primarily by H. zed) and external damage (primarily by S. exigua and K. lycopersicella). Leafminer populations were moderate. Some treatments increased leafminer density as compared to the control.