bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Root Water Uptake and Ideotypes of the Root System: Whole‐Plant Controls Matter
Authors: Tardieu Francois , Draye Xavier , Javaux Mathieu 
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas
The threshold soil water potential for water uptake depends on stomatal control.
Whole‐plant transpiration increases hydraulic conductance in roots and shoots.
It decreases the rhizosphere hydraulic conductance, resulting in feedback loops.
Root system ideotypes for water uptake are not always associated with the best yields.
Models integrating controls in shoots and roots are needed to optimize root traits.
Simulations of plant water uptake in soil science are based on the interplay between soil and root properties, with an imposed flux or water potential at the stem base. The dialogue between roots and shoots is important in water uptake. The threshold soil water potential for water uptake represents the soil water potential at which stomatal control stops transpiration over 24 h. Measurements show that it has a large variability among species and cultivars. Isohydric plants prevent low leaf water potentials via stomatal control, so their threshold soil water potential is high. Anisohydric plants allow low leaf water potentials, resulting in lower thresholds. These behaviors have a genetic control and can be simulated via whole‐plant models. In studied species, the hydraulic conductance in roots and shoots depends on the whole‐plant transpiration rate. In particular, there is a “dialogue” between the daily alternations in the transpiration rate and the circadian oscillations in root hydraulic conductance that affect the hydraulic conductance of the rhizosphere, with appreciable consequences on water uptake. Root traits such as length, branching, or depth interact with shoot traits such as leaf area or stomatal control, thereby generating feedbacks. As a consequence, optimum root systems for water uptake at a given time are not always those associated with the best yields. Models that take these whole‐plant results into account bring an extra level of complication but are probably indispensable whenever the aim is to optimize root traits in view of improved drought tolerance.
Kinetic assessment of the simultaneous hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and the hydrogenation of diverse polyaromatic structures
Authors: Morales-Valencia Edgar M. , Castillo-Araiza Carlos. O. , Giraldo Sonia A. , Baldovino Medrano Víctor Gabriel 
Published: September 2017

The work presents a kinetic study of the simultaneous hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and hydrogenation of aromatics with different chemical structures. This kind of studies are seldom reported, since many authors deal almost exclusively with hydrodesulfurization. Furthermore, most of these authors employ power rate laws for kinetic modelling neglecting a rigorous analysis of the thermodynamic parameters of the reactions; namely, adsorption enthalpies and entropies.Considering this fact, we decided to base our kinetic modelling on a Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) formalism testing the hypothesis of the existence of one or two different catalytic sites for hydrogenation and desulfurization. The consistency of the aforementioned thermodynamic parameters was assessed considering the criteria postulated by Boudart.Our results allowed concluding that a LHHW model considering two actives sites provides a statically satisfactory fitting of experimental data. In addition, it was possible to determine that inhibition effects of aromatics on hydrodesulfurization exist but depend to some extent on the molecular structure of the aromatic.On the other hand, this work also contributes by providing experimental values of adsorption constants of compounds reacting under hydrotreatment conditions which despite the significant advances in theoretical calculations are not yet available in open literature.
Features of cognitive dysfunction in patients with depressive disorder and cerebrovascular pathology
Authors: Prokhorova Olga 
Published: September 2017

Background
In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of elderly people, and at the same time the accumulation of mental and somatic diseases inherent in these age categories. Depression, dementia and cardiovascular disease continue to occupy leading positions. Executive dysfunction syndrome in patients with organic depressive disorder with cerebrovascular pathology is one of the pathognomonic features of violation of higher brain functions in subcortical ischemic depression, which is important for the prognosis of the disease, provision of timely medical care, development of preventive measures and improvement of patients' quality of life.

Methods
Using TMT and Strup tests, 138 patients with depressive disorder were screened for the purpose of detecting cognitive dysfunction.

Results
More pronounced cognitive dysfunction in the form of violation of the executive function, cognitive control, volume and distribution of attention was observed in patients with organic depressive disorder and signs of subcortical ischemia of the GM. Differences in the structure of violations of cognition are caused by zones of morphological defeat of the GM and the rupture of cortico-strial paths.

Conclusion
Thus, in patients with subcortical ischemic depression, there is a syndrome of executive dysfunction, which is the leading cause of subcortical ischemic dementia. Ability to develop and implement a comprehensive program for the recovery of cognitive dysfunction will improve the quality of life of patients.
A Segregation of Duties Case Study in the Purchase-to-Pay Process with an SAP Example
Authors: Jones Nancy , Mensching Jim 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
With the advent of legislation dealing with financial responsibility and information assurance, the topic of segregation of duties has gained additional importance. Recent studies have found that segregation of duties is one of the areas in which companies have frequently disclosed material internal control weaknesses under reporting requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This is a case assignment that develops both the theoretical base for segregation of duties and then illustrates how this is accomplished in a highly integrated computerized enterprise business environment. The authorization system within the SAP R/3 system is used to illustrate the implementation of segregated duties in one type of ERP system. There are four steps to the case: assessing risks of the business process, defining positions within the organization to handle a set of defined tasks, developing an authorization matrix for designated employees, and examining the SAP authorizations system.
A REA Business Process Modeling and Relational Database Development Case: The Paws and Claws Veterinary
Authors: Ballenger Robert M. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This case provides a real-world end-of-semester project-oriented case study for students enrolled in an accounting information systems course in which resources, events, and agents (REA) business process modeling and database development are taught. The case consists of a business scenario to provide background information, details of the unique operating characteristics of the Paws and Claws Veterinary Clinic, a description of the functional business requirements, and sample data. The case provides sufficient information to create a moderately complex REA conceptual business process model for the revenue and collection cycle of a service-oriented business. Students should be able to convert the conceptual REA model into an Access database, populate it with data, and then develop a series of queries, forms, and reports that satisfy the stated functional requirements of the clinic. Teaching notes containing suggested implementation guidelines, a possible REA model, the resulting Access database containing the solution to the queries, forms and reports are provided.
Accounting Processes and the Accountant's Role in AIS: An Instructional Resource
Authors: Barra Roberta Ann , Savage Arline 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This paper outlines an Accounting Information Systems (AIS) manual practice set that is purely accounting-oriented. AIS faculty make extensive use of manual practice set projects in upper-division courses. A common feature of projects is their substantial bookkeeping component. In addition to their accounting components, such projects usually require students to perform the tasks of clerk and bookkeeper for the main business processes—sales, cash receipts, cash disbursements, purchases, and payroll—before beginning each accounting task. This amount of repetitive work can be tedious and time-consuming. The accounting-oriented practice set offered here (available free of charge with proper citation) requires only accounting and auditing tasks. Yet it enables students to gain an appreciation of AIS, and to carry their understanding into other systems, including computerized environments. This is consistent with the stated objective of increasing the student's information system skills, as opposed to teaching bookkeeping skills. The paper also explains why this teaching approach may be preferable.
Towards an Understanding of Accounting Information Systems as a Discipline: A Comparative Analysis of Topical Coverage in AIS and MIS Courses
Authors: Murthy Uday S. , Ragland Linda 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The accounting information systems (AIS) discipline lacks a sense of identity relative to the closely related field of management information systems (MIS). By identifying how AIS is evolving and what makes AIS unique from MIS, the field can gain a better understanding of its importance. We analyze a sample of syllabi for the introductory AIS and MIS courses, focusing on similarities and differences between the AIS and MIS fields as reflected in the topical coverage choices made by AIS and MIS educators. We also investigate the effects of the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on topical coverage in the introductory AIS course. The findings reveal that while AIS courses have a unique focus on transaction processing and internal controls relative to MIS courses, more technical topics such as hardware and software issues and IS solutions are covered more commonly in MIS courses rather than AIS courses. We also find that AIS topical coverage has changed since the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, with a more pronounced focus on internal control and security compared to the pre-Sarbanes Oxley era. The key contribution of this paper is in providing empirical evidence in support of the “intersection view” of AIS, which asserts that while AIS and MIS have some topics in common there are also many issues unique to each field.
The Unusual Apparition of Comet 252P/2000 G1 (LINEAR) and Comparison with Comet P/2016 BA14 (PanSTARRS)
Authors: Li 李荐 Jian-Yang 扬 , Kelley Michael S. P. , Samarasinha Nalin H. , Farnocchia Davide , Mutchler Max J. , Ren 任彦 Yanqiong 瓊 , Lu 盧曉 Xiaoping 平 , Tholen David J. , Lister Tim , Micheli Marco 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
We imaged Comet 252P/2000 G1 (LINEAR; hereafter 252P) with the Hubble Space Telescope and both 252P and P/2016 BA14 (PanSTARRS; hereafter BA14) with the Discovery Channel Telescope in 2016 March and April, surrounding its close encounter to Earth. The r′-band Afρ of 252P in a 0.″2-radius aperture were 16.8 ± 0.3 and 57 ± 1 cm on March 14 and April 4, respectively, and its gas production rates were Q(OH) = (5.8 ± 0.1) × 1027 s−1, and Q(CN) = (1.25 ± 0.01) × 1025 s−1 on April 17. The r′-band upper limit Afρ of BA14 was 0.19 ± 0.01 cm in a 19.″2-radius aperture, and Q(CN) = (1.4 ± 0.1) × 1022 s−1 on 2017 April 17. 252P shows a bright and narrow jet of a few hundred kilometers long in the sunward direction, changing its projected position angle in the sky with a periodicity consistent with 7.24 hr. However, its photometric light curve is consistent with a periodicity of 5.41 hr. We suggest that the nucleus of 252P is likely in a non-principal axis rotation. The nucleus radius of 252P is estimated to be about 0.3 ± 0.03 km, indicating an active fraction of 40% to >100% in its 2016 apparition. Evidence implies a possible cloud of slow-moving grains surrounding the nucleus. The activity level of 252P in the 2016 apparition increased by two orders of magnitude from its previous apparitions, making this apparition unusual. On the other hand, the activity level of BA14 appears to be at least three orders of magnitude lower than that of 252P, despite its 10 times or larger surface area.
Photometric Determination of the Mass Accretion Rates of Pre-main-sequence Stars. V. Recent Star Formation in the 30 Dor Nebula*
Authors: Marchi Guido De , Panagia Nino , Beccari Giacomo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
We report on the properties of the low-mass stars that recently formed in the central

of 30 Dor, including the R136 cluster. Using the photometric catalog of De Marchi et al., based on observations with the Hubble Space Telescope, and the most recent extinction law for this field, we identify

bona fide pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars showing

excess emission at the

level with an

equivalent width of 20 Å or more. We find a wide spread in age spanning the range

. We also find that the older PMS objects are placed in front of the R136 cluster and are separated from it by a conspicuous amount of absorbing material, indicating that star formation has proceeded from the periphery into the interior of the region. We derive physical parameters for all PMS stars, including masses m, ages t, and mass accretion rates

. To identify reliable correlations between these parameters, which are intertwined, we use a multivariate linear regression fit of the type

. The values of a and b for 30 Dor are compatible with those found in NGC 346 and NGC 602. We extend the fit to a uniform sample of

PMS stars with

/

< 1.5 and

in six star-forming regions in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds and Milky Way with metallicities in the range of 0.1–1.0

. We find

and

. The residuals are systematically different between the six regions and reveal a strong correlation with metallicity Z, of the type

. A possible interpretation of this trend is that when the metallicity is higher so is the radiation pressure, and this limits the accretion process, in both its rate and duration.
Precipitation and Release of Solar Energetic Particles from the Solar Coronal Magnetic Field
Authors: Zhang Ming , Zhao Lulu 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Most solar energetic particles (SEPs) are produced in the corona. They propagate through complex coronal magnetic fields subject to scattering and diffusion across the averaged field lines by turbulence. We examine the behaviors of particle transport using a stochastic 3D focused transport simulation in a potential field source surface model of coronal magnetic field. The model is applied to an SEP event on 2010 February 7. We study three scenarios of particle injection at (i) the compact solar flare site, (ii) the coronal mass ejection (CME) shock, and (iii) the EUV wave near the surface. The majority of particles injected on open field lines are able to escape the corona. We found that none of our models can explain the observations of wide longitudinal SEP spread without perpendicular diffusion. If the perpendicular diffusion is about 10% of what is derived from the random walk of field lines at the rate of supergranular diffusion, particles injected at the compact solar flare site can spread to a wide range of longitude and latitude, very similar to the behavior of particles injected at a large CME shock. Stronger pitch-angle scattering results in a little more lateral spread by holding the particles in the corona for longer periods of time. Some injected particles eventually end up precipitating onto the solar surface. Even with a very small perpendicular diffusion, the pattern of the particle precipitation can be quite complicated depending on the detailed small-scale coronal magnetic field structures, which could be seen with future sensitive gamma-ray telescopes.
L’évolution historique de la notion de « patrimoine » en Chine
Authors: Zhang Chaozhi 
Published: September 2017

Le mot « patrimoine » est dans l’air du temps en Chine, mais c’est un vocable moderne venant de la société occidentale. Le concept traduisant l’idée de « patrimoine » chinois est en réalité ancien. Des termes ont émergé à différents moments de l’histoire chinoise, reflétant les idées et les actions associées à la protection du « patrimoine ». Ainsi, fondé principalement sur des matériaux issus de documents historiques, de recherches académiques, de documents législatifs et de documents associés aux régulations gouvernementales, cet article tente d’étudier l’évolution historique de la notion de « patrimoine » et de protection en Chine avant 1840, durant la Chine « moderne » (1840-1949), puis contemporaine (après 1949).
Predicting Refractive Surgery Outcome: Machine Learning Approach With Big Data
Authors: Achiron Asaf , Gur Zvi , Aviv Uri , Hilely Assaf , Mimouni Michael , Karmona Lily , Rokach Lior , Kaiserman Igor 
Published: September 2017

PURPOSE:
To develop a decision forest for prediction of laser refractive surgery outcome.

METHODS:
Data from consecutive cases of patients who underwent LASIK or photorefractive surgeries during a 12-year period in a single center were assembled into a single dataset. Training of machine-learning classifiers and testing were performed with a statistical classifier algorithm. The decision forest was created by feature vectors extracted from 17,592 cases and 38 clinical parameters for each patient. A 10-fold cross-validation procedure was applied to estimate the predictive value of the decision forest when applied to new patients.

RESULTS:

Analysis included patients younger than 40 years who were not treated for monovision. Efficacy of 0.7 or greater and 0.8 or greater was achieved in 16,198 (92.0%) and 14,945 (84.9%) eyes, respectively. Efficacy of less than 0.4 and less than 0.5 was achieved in 322 (1.8%) and 506 (2.9%) eyes, respectively. Patients in the low efficacy group (< 0.4) had statistically significant differences compared with the high efficacy group (≥ 0.8), yet were clinically similar (mean differences between groups of 0.7 years, of 0.43 mm in pupil size, of 0.11 D in cylinder, of 0.22 logMAR in preoperative CDVA, of 0.11 mm in optical zone size, of 1.03 D in actual sphere treatment, and of 0.64 D in actual cylinder treatment). The preoperative subjective CDVA had the highest gain (most important to the model). Correlations analysis revealed significantly decreased efficacy with increased age (
r
= −0.67,
P
< .001), central corneal thickness (
r
= −0.40,
P
< .001), mean keratometry (
r
= −0.33,
P
< .001), and preoperative CDVA (
r
= −0.47,
P
< .001). Efficacy increased with pupil size (
r
= 0.20,
P
< .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
This model could support clinical decision making and may lead to better individual risk assessment. Expanding the role of machine learning in analyzing big data from refractive surgeries may be of interest.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(9):592–597.]
Host specialisation and the disparate fate ofCeropales bipunctata(Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) in New Brunswick and Ontario, Canada
Authors: Klymko John , Buck Matthias , Robinson Sarah L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCeropales bipunctataSay (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) is a cleptoparasitic spider wasp that has declined significantly in parts of its range. New survey work has revealed that the species is common and widespread in dune habitat along the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in New Brunswick, Canada. Its host was determined asAnoplius cleora(Banks) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae), withArctosa littoralis(Hentz) (Araneae: Lycosidae) as prey, the first host record for this species. The relative abundance ofC. bipunctatain coastal New Brunswick sharply contrasts with a decline in Ontario, Canada, where it was thought to be extirpated. Based on body size, habitat, and locality overlap we postulate that the primary host ofC. bipunctatain Ontario and western Québec, Canada, is a different species,Anoplius aethiops(Cresson), withA. atrox(Dahlbom) as a likely secondary host in southwestern Ontario. Both species are closely related toA. cleoraand have undergone a decline in eastern Canada. Based on these new findings, we reassess the conservation status ofC. bipunctatain Canada.
Numerical Solution of the Time-Fractional Sub-Diffusion Equation on an Unbounded Domain in Two-Dimensional Space
Authors: Li Hongwei , Wu Xiaonan , Zhang Jiwei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe numerical solution of the time-fractional sub-diffusion equation on an unbounded domain in two-dimensional space is considered, where a circular artificial boundary is introduced to divide the unbounded domain into a bounded computational domain and an unbounded exterior domain. The local artificial boundary conditions for the fractional sub-diffusion equation are designed on the circular artificial boundary by a joint Laplace transform and Fourier series expansion, and some auxiliary variables are introduced to circumvent high-order derivatives in the artificial boundary conditions. The original problem defined on the unbounded domain is thus reduced to an initial boundary value problem on a bounded computational domain. A finite difference and L1 approximation are applied for the space variables and the Caputo time-fractional derivative, respectively. Two numerical examples demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.
Simulation of a Soap Film Möbius Strip Transformation
Authors: Kim Yongsam , Lai Ming-Chih , Seol Yunchang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIf the closed wire frame of a soap film having the shape of a Möbius strip is pulled apart and gradually deformed into a planar circle, the soap film transforms into a two-sided orientable surface. In the presence of a finite-time twist singularity, which changes the linking number of the film's Plateau border and the centreline of the wire, the topological transformation involves the collapse of the film toward the wire. In contrast to experimental studies of this process reported elsewhere, we use a numerical approach based on the immersed boundary method, which treats the soap film as a massless membrane in a Navier-Stokes fluid. In addition to known effects, we discover vibrating motions of the film arising after the topological change is completed, similar to the vibration of a circular membrane.
Dynamics of an Innovation Diffusion Model with Time Delay
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Sharma Anuj K. , Agnihotri Kulbhushan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA nonlinear mathematical model for innovation diffusion is proposed. The system of ordinary differential equations incorporates variable external influences (the cumulative density of marketing efforts), variable internal influences (the cumulative density of word of mouth) and a logistically growing human population (the variable potential consumers). The change in population density is due to various demographic processes such as intrinsic growth rate, emigration, death rate etc. Thus the problem involves two dynamic variables viz. a non-adopter population density and an adopter population density. The model is analysed qualitatively using the stability theory of differential equations, with the help of the corresponding characteristic equation of the system. The interior equilibrium point can be stable for all time delays to a critical value, beyond which the system becomes unstable and a Hopf bifurcation occurs at a second critical value. Employing normal form theory and a centre manifold theorem applicable to functional differential equations, we derive some explicit formulas determining the stability, the direction and other properties of the bifurcating periodic solutions. Our numerical simulations show that the system behaviour can become extremely complicated as the time delay increases, with a stable interior equilibrium point leading to a limit cycle with one local maximum and minimum per cycle (Hopf bifurcation), then limit cycles with more local maxima and minima per cycle, and finally chaotic solutions.