bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐reported neuropathic pain in adolescent and young adult cancer patients
Authors: Acquazzino Melissa A. , Igler Eva C. , Dasgupta Mahua , Simpson Pippa , Browning Meghen B. , Brandow Amanda M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundNeuropathic pain, a known complication of cancer and its treatments, negatively impacts quality of life. There are limited data using screening tools to aid in the diagnosis of neuropathic pain in cancer patients. Our primary objective was to determine the proportion of adolescent and young adult cancer patients reporting neuropathic pain on a patient‐completed, neuropathic pain screening tool.ProceduresThis prospective, cohort study enrolled patients 14–39 years of age who were receiving therapy for primary cancer diagnosis, cancer relapse, or had recently completed treatment. The painDETECT, a patient‐completed, neuropathic pain screening tool used down to age 14, was administered a maximum of three times in on‐therapy patients and once in off‐therapy patients. Provider documentation of neuropathic pain at the corresponding visit was abstracted from the medical record.ResultsSeventy‐eight patients participated. Median (interquartile range) age at study enrollment was 18.1 (16–19.4) years and 47% were female. Cancer diagnoses included 41% leukemia, 26% solid tumor, 23% lymphoma, and 10% central nervous system tumor. The proportion of patients reporting neuropathic pain was 26% (95% confidence interval [CI] 16–40%) in on‐therapy patients and 11% (95% CI 3–27%) in off‐therapy patients. In patients reporting neuropathic pain, only 26% had a clinical diagnosis of neuropathic pain documented in the medical record at the corresponding visit.ConclusionsNeuropathic pain occurs in one in four adolescents and young adults receiving cancer therapy. Use of screening tools may increase the detection of neuropathic pain in adolescents and young adults receiving cancer therapy and could ultimately improve pain treatment.
Mesoionic insecticides: a novel class of insecticides that modulate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Authors: Holyoke Caleb W , Cordova Daniel , Zhang Wenming , Barry James D , Leighty Robert M , Dietrich Robert F , Rauh James J , Pahutski Thomas F , Lahm George P , Tong My‐Hanh Thi , Benner Eric A , Andreassi John L , Smith Rejane M , Vincent Daniel R , Christianson Laurie A , Teixeira Luis A , Singh Vineet , Hughes Kenneth A 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs the world population grows towards 9 billion by 2050, it is projected that food production will need to increase by 60%. A critical part of this growth includes the safe and effective use of insecticides to reduce the estimated 20–49% loss of global crop yields owing to pests. The development of new insecticides will help to sustain this protection and overcome insecticide resistance.RESULTSA novel class of mesoionic compounds has been discovered, with exceptional insecticidal activity on a range of Hemiptera and Lepidoptera. These compounds bind to the orthosteric site of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and result in a highly potent inhibitory action at the receptor with minimal agonism. The synthesis, biological activity, optimization and mode of action will be discussed.CONCLUSIONTriflumezopyrim insect control will provide a powerful tool for control of hopper species in rice throughout Asia. Dicloromezotiaz can provide a useful control tool for lepidopteran pests, with an underexploited mode of action among these pests. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Multi‐tasking optimal control of networked control systems: A delta operator approach
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Yuan Huanhuan , Guo Lei , Yang Hongjiu 
Published: November 2016

SummaryIn this paper, the multi‐tasking optimal control problem is addressed in the delta‐domain for a class of networked control systems (NCSs) with external disturbances. A delta‐domain model is proposed to describe the NCSs with random packet dropouts and long‐time delay, and the so‐called ε‐Nash equilibrium is employed to quantify the impacts from the disturbances on the underlying NCSs. The multi‐tasking optimal control strategies are developed and the upper bound for the ε‐Nash equilibrium is provided explicitly. Some simulation results on the two‐area load frequency control system are given to show the validity and applicability of the proposed method. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SEOM Clinical Guideline for treatment of muscle-invasive and metastatic urothelial bladder cancer (2016)
Authors: Lázaro M. , Gallardo E. , Doménech M. , Pinto Á. , del Alba A. González , Puente J. , Fernández O. , Font A. , Lainez N. , Vázquez S. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The goal of this article is to provide recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. The diagnosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer is made by pathologic evaluation after transurethral resection. Recently, a molecular classification has been proposed. Staging of muscle-invasive bladder cancer must be done by computed tomography scans of the chest, abdomen and pelvis and classified on the basis of UICC system. Radical cystectomy and lymph node dissection are the treatment of choice. In muscle-invasive bladder cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be recommended in patients with good performance status and no renal function impairment. Although there is insufficient evidence for use of adjuvant chemotherapy, its use must be considered when neoadjuvant therapy had not been administered in high-risk patients. Multimodality bladder-preserving treatment in localized disease is an alternative in selected and compliant patients for whom cystectomy is not considered for clinical or personal reasons. In metastatic disease, the first-line treatment for patients must be based on cisplatin-containing combination. Vinflunine is the only drug approved for use in second line in Europe. Recently, immunotherapy treatment has demonstrated activity in this setting.
Preprocessing of Tandem Mass Spectrometric Data Based on Decision Tree Classification
Authors: Zhang Jing-Fen , He Si-Min , Cai Jin-Jin , Cao Xing-Jun , Sun Rui-Xiang , Fu Yan , Zeng Rong , Gao Wen 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this study, we present a preprocessing method for quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) tandem mass spectra to increase the accuracy of database searching for peptide (protein) identification. Based on the natural isotopic information inherent in tandem mass spectra, we construct a decision tree after feature selection to classify the noise and ion peaks in tandem spectra. Furthermore, we recognize overlapping peaks to find the monoisotopic masses of ions for the following identification process. The experimental results show that this preprocessing method increases the search speed and the reliability of peptide identification.
The Procuracy as a Subject of Constitutional Debate: Controversial and Unresolved Issues
Authors: PHAM Lan Phuong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe people’s procuracy is a transplanted Soviet-style institution in Vietnam, which currently exercises the public prosecution function along with the supervision of judicial activities. Debates about the procuracy’s role and function started as early as when the 1992 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (1992 Constitution) was drafted and they were facilitated by the judicial reform policies. In the process of revising the 1992 Constitution, heated debates on the procuracy continued. The subject of these debates included almost every fundamental aspect of the procuracy such as its institutional location, functions, duties, organization, and operation. This article reviews the constitutional debates concerning the procuracy between 2011 and 2013. It analyzes and compares the developments of the debates in this period with those that had occurred in the past, highlighting, in particular, key issues that remain unresolved. It argues that the controversy surrounding the procuracy reflects the legal and political complexities in Vietnam, especially the lack of agreement on institutional issues such as the rule of law, socialist legality, and control of powers.
Untangling the relationship between strategic consistency and organizational performance: An empirical analysis of moderator variables
Authors: Lin Chin-Shien , Dang Van Thac 
Published: November 2016

AbstractResearchers have advocated various perspectives on the relationship between strategic consistency and organizational performance. This inconclusive debate has created an inadequate theoretical foundation in strategic consistency literature. Therefore, the present study uses strategic planning, strategic change, upper echelons theory, and other literature as the theoretical foundation to empirically examine the moderating roles of organizational slack, environmental dynamism, and top management team attributes in the relationship between strategic consistency and organizational performance. Using 439 electronics companies in the Taiwanese stock market as sample data, the empirical results show that organizational slack, environmental dynamism, top management team tenure, and top management team tenure heterogeneity moderate the relationship between strategic consistency and organizational performance.
A bat on the brink? A range-wide survey of the Critically Endangered Livingstone's fruit bat Pteropus livingstonii
Authors: Daniel Bronwen M. , Green Kathleen E. , Doulton Hugh , Mohamed Salim Daniel , Said Ishaka , Hudson Michael , Dawson Jeff S. , Young Richard P. , Houmadi Amelaid 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Livingstone's fruit bat Pteropus livingstonii is endemic to the small islands of Anjouan and Mohéli in the Comoros archipelago, Indian Ocean. The species is under threat from anthropogenic pressure on the little that remains of its forest habitat, now restricted to the islands’ upper elevations and steepest slopes. We report the results of the most comprehensive survey of this species to date, and present recommendations for ongoing field conservation efforts and monitoring. Morning counts were conducted at roost sites in the wet and dry seasons during 2011–2013. Habitat structure around the roosting sites was characterized and roost numbers compared, to investigate the potential effect of habitat loss and degradation. We estimate the population to comprise c. 1,260 individuals distributed across 21 roosts on the two islands. All occupied roosting sites were restricted to a narrow altitudinal range, and roosting populations in agroforestry areas were smaller than those found in degraded and undisturbed forest. Only one of the 16 roosts on Anjouan was found in undisturbed, old-growth forest with no nearby signs of clearance for agriculture or landslides following tree-felling upslope. Following a suspected severe population decline as a result of widespread and long-term forest loss Livingstone's fruit bat has been recategorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
Leishmania infantum: illness, transmission profile and risk factors for asymptomatic infection in an endemic metropolis in Brazil
Authors: DOS SANTOS MARQUES LETÍCIA HELENA , DA ROCHA IARA CAIXETA MARQUES , REIS ILKA AFONSO , DA CUNHA GISELE MACEDO RODRIGUES , OLIVEIRA EDWARD , PFEILSTICKER THAIS RIBEIRO , DE ARAÚJO VALDELAINE ETELVINA MIRANDA , MORAIS MARIA HELENA FRANCO , RABELLO ANA , CARNEIRO MARIÂNGELA 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYTo evaluate the distribution of asymptomatic infection byLeishmania infantumin a metropolis in Brazil with different relative risks (RRs) for disease and risk factors associated with the infection, an ecological study was conducted using a Bayesian approach to estimate the RR of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) based on cases between 2008 and 2011. The areas were categorized and selected according to disease incidence: low (area-1), medium (area-2) and high (area-3). Cross-sectional study enrolling 935 children was used to estimate the prevalence of infection byL. infantum. Volunteers from these three areas were tested forL. infantuminfection by ELISA (rK39 and soluble antigens). Infection prevalence rates were estimated and compared with the RR of disease. Multilevel logistic regression model evaluated the relationship between infection and the analysed variables. The RR of HVL was distributed heterogeneously in the municipality. The infection prevalence rates were: 34·9% in area-1; 29·3% in area-2; and 33·6% in area-3, with no significant differences between these areas. The variables ‘Presence of backyards in the neighbourhood’ and ‘Younger children’ were associated withL. infantuminfection. We conclude that infection byL. infantumaffects a significant proportion of the infant population regardless of the RR of disease.
Valvar aortico-ventricular tunnel: an insight into the development of the great arteries
Authors: Maghrabi Khadijah , Gandhi Sanjiv , Harris Kevin C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAorto-left ventricular tunnel is a rare congenital heart lesion, with an incidence of <0.1% of all CHD. We present a unique case of a valvar aorto-left ventricular tunnel in a neonate, in belief that our findings may shed some light on the developmental origins of this lesion.
Utilization ofM. sativassp.caerulea×M. sativassp.sativahybridization in improvement of alfalfa aluminium tolerance
Authors: Milić Dragan , Taški-Ajduković Ksenija , Nagl Nevena , Atlagić Jovanka , Karagić Đura 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSensitivity of alfalfa to acidity and aluminium (Al) toxicity in soil is the major limiting factor in broadening of its growing area. Due to lack of Al tolerance in primary alfalfa germplasm, there is a need for transfer of genes for Al tolerance from otherMedicagogermplasm. One of the identified sources of Al tolerance isM. sativassp.caeruleaaccession PI 464724, which was used as a female parent in our study. The objectives of this study were: (i) obtaining the tetraploid offspring from 2x–4x M. sativassp.caerulea–M. sativassp.sativaspontaneous crosses, and (ii) development of a breeding strategy for Al/acid tolerance in alfalfa, usingM. sativassp.caeruleaas a source of Al tolerance. Out of eleven fully developed plants, five were morphologically similar toM. sativassp.caerulae, while six plants were similar toM. sativassp.sativa. All tested plants were fertile, with the pollen viability ranging from 21.45 to 97.09% and the average number of ovules per plant from 8.80 to 12.29. Eleven SSR primer pairs confirmed the hybrid nature ofM. sativassp.caerulae×M. sativassp.sativaoffspring. Both the Cluster Analysis and the Principal Coordinates Analysis separated plants in thecaerulaetype from plants in thesativatype, with one exception. Strategies based on conventional and molecular marker breeding efforts could lead towards development of tolerant alfalfa cultivars and successful crop production on acidic, Al-contaminated soils.
The ICRC's legal position on the notion of armed conflict involving foreign intervention and on determining the IHL applicable to this type of conflict
Authors: Ferraro Tristan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article looks at the legal position of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) on situations in which a State, a coalition of States or an international or regional organization intervenes in a pre-existing armed conflict, either giving support to one of the parties or exercising control over a non-State armed group party to the armed conflict (hereafter “non-State party”). For the purposes of this article, foreign intervention is considered to be a form of “co-belligerency” of such a degree that it makes the intervening power a party to the armed conflict. Situations in which there is no objective link between the foreign intervention in the territory of a third State and a pre-existing armed conflict in that same territory are therefore excluded from the scope of this article.The aim of this article is to describe how the ICRC determines the applicability of international humanitarian law to such situations, based on the existing law and an approach that examines each bilateral relationship between belligerents separately.The article also explains why the ICRC abandons the use of the term “internationalized internal armed conflict”, which is misleading in that it suggests that only the law of international armed conflict applies. The ICRC is therefore using new terminology for the legal classification of such situations; this change is intended to align the terminology used with the realities of the applicable law.
Enhanced but hypofunctional osteoclastogenesis in an autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type II case carrying a c.1856C>T mutation in CLCN7
Authors: Chen Xiang , Zhang Kun , Hock Janet , Wang Chunyu , Yu Xijie 
Published: November 2016

AbstractType II autosomal dominant osteopetrosis (ADO2), which is the most common form of osteopetrosis, is caused by heterozygous mutations in the chloride channel 7 (CLCN7) gene. The osteopetrosis of ADO2 has been attributed to hypofunctional osteoclasts. The mechanism underlying the abnormality in osteoclast function remains largely unknown. This study was designed to investigate gene mutations and osteoclast function in a case that was clinically diagnosed as ADO2. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples of this patient, and the 25 exons of CLCN7 were amplified. Peripheral blood from the ADO2 subject and a healthy age- and sex-matched control was used to evaluate osteoclastogenesis, osteoclast morphology, and bone resorption. Analysis of DNA from the patient showed a germline heterozygous missense mutation, c.1856C>T (p.P619L), in exon 20 of CLCN7. A similar homozygous mutation at this site was previously reported in a patient with autosomal recessive osteopetrosis. When cultured, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the ADO2 patient spontaneously differentiated into mature osteoclasts in vitro. The ADO2 patient’s PBMCs formed enhanced, but heterogeneous, osteoclasts in both the presence and absence of macrophage-colony stimulating factor, and nuclear factor-ĸB ligand. Bone resorption was reduced in the ADO2 patient’s osteoclasts, which exhibited aberrant morphology and abnormal distribution of integrin avβ3. Gene analysis found increased c-fos expression and reduced RhoA and integrin beta 3 expression in ADO2 cells. In conclusion, our data suggest that enhanced, heterogeneous osteoclast induction may be an intrinsic characteristic of ADO2.
Complex N acquisition by soil diazotrophs: how the ability to release exoenzymes affects N fixation by terrestrial free-living diazotrophs
Authors: Norman Jeffrey S , Friesen Maren L 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Terrestrial systems support a variety of free-living soil diazotrophs, which can fix nitrogen (N) outside of plant associations. However, owing to the metabolic costs associated with N fixation, free-living soil diazotrophs likely rely on soil N to satisfy the majority of cellular N demand and only fix atmospheric N under certain conditions. Culture-based studies and genomic data show that many free-living soil diazotrophs can access high-molecular weight organic soil N by releasing N-acquiring enzymes such as proteases and chitinases into the extracellular environment. Here, we formally propose a N acquisition strategy used by free-living diazotrophs that accounts for high-molecular weight N acquisition through exoenzyme release by these organisms. We call this the ‘LAH N-acquisition strategy’ for the preferred order of N pools used once inorganic soil N is limiting: (1) low-molecular weight organic N, (2) atmospheric N and (3) high-molecular weight organic N. In this framework, free-living diazotrophs primarily use biological N fixation (BNF) as a short-term N acquisition strategy to offset the cellular N lost in exoenzyme excretion as low-molecular weight N becomes limiting. By accounting for exoenzyme release by free-living diazotrophs within a cost–benefit framework, investigation of the LAH N acquisition strategy will contribute to a process-level understanding of BNF in soil environments.
TruePrime is a novel method for whole-genome amplification from single cells based on TthPrimPol
Authors: Picher Ángel J. , Budeus Bettina , Wafzig Oliver , Krüger Carola , García-Gómez Sara , Martínez-Jiménez María I. , Díaz-Talavera Alberto , Weber Daniela , Blanco Luis , Schneider Armin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSequencing of a single-cell genome requires DNA amplification, a process prone to introducing bias and errors into the amplified genome. Here we introduce a novel multiple displacement amplification (MDA) method based on the unique DNA primase features of Thermus thermophilus (Tth) PrimPol. TthPrimPol displays a potent primase activity preferring dNTPs as substrates unlike conventional primases. A combination of TthPrimPol’s unique ability to synthesize DNA primers with the highly processive Phi29 DNA polymerase (Φ29DNApol) enables near-complete whole genome amplification from single cells. This novel method demonstrates superior breadth and evenness of genome coverage, high reproducibility, excellent single-nucleotide variant (SNV) detection rates with low allelic dropout (ADO) and low chimera formation as exemplified by sequencing HEK293 cells. Moreover, copy number variant (CNV) calling yields superior results compared with random primer-based MDA methods. The advantages of this method, which we named TruePrime, promise to facilitate and improve single-cell genomic analysis.
Direct visualization of a Fe(IV)–OH intermediate in a heme enzyme
Authors: Kwon Hanna , Basran Jaswir , Casadei Cecilia M. , Fielding Alistair J. , Schrader Tobias E. , Ostermann Andreas , Devos Juliette M. , Aller Pierre , Blakeley Matthew P. , Moody Peter C. E. , Raven Emma L. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCatalytic heme enzymes carry out a wide range of oxidations in biology. They have in common a mechanism that requires formation of highly oxidized ferryl intermediates. It is these ferryl intermediates that provide the catalytic engine to drive the biological activity. Unravelling the nature of the ferryl species is of fundamental and widespread importance. The essential question is whether the ferryl is best described as a Fe(IV)=O or a Fe(IV)–OH species, but previous spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic studies have not been able to unambiguously differentiate between the two species. Here we use a different approach. We report a neutron crystal structure of the ferryl intermediate in Compound II of a heme peroxidase; the structure allows the protonation states of the ferryl heme to be directly observed. This, together with pre-steady state kinetic analyses, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray fluorescence, identifies a Fe(IV)–OH species as the reactive intermediate. The structure establishes a precedent for the formation of Fe(IV)–OH in a peroxidase.