bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
China's economic growth and convergence
Authors: Lee Jong‐Wha 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUsing cross‐country panel data, this study identifies and discusses major factors contributing to China's strong growth in the past four decades. China's low initial per capita income relative to its own long‐run potential, combined with sound policy factors including a high investment rate, strong human capital, high trade openness and improved institutions, enabled the economy to converge with advanced economies in terms of income level. The shift‐share analysis with industry‐level data shows that strong labour productivity growth in the manufacturing sector largely contributed to China's overall labour productivity growth. Although labour reallocation from agriculture to the services sector made a positive contribution to aggregate labour productivity growth, labour productivity growth in the services sector itself was negative over the 1980–2010 period. China's average potential GDP growth is predicted to decline significantly in the coming decade, to 5%–6% and fall further to 3%–4%—due to the convergence effect and structural problems—unless China substantially upgrades its institutions and policy factors and improves productivity, particularly in its services sector.
Multimodal treatment of a dog with disseminated cutaneous viral papillomatosis
Authors: Levy Britt J. , Sample Susannah J. , Yuan Hang 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundCanine papillomaviruses (CPVs) are associated with varied cutaneous manifestations. Spontaneous resolution typically occurs within one to 12 months. This case report describes multimodal treatment of a dog with severe disseminated papillomatosis.Clinical summaryAn eight‐month‐old, female spayed, mixed breed dog was presented with a two month history of rapidly progressing papillomatosis and lack of response to oral azithromycin therapy. The dog was severely pruritic and malodorous; the weight and growth of lesions had progressed to affect the dog's gait and vision, and led to decreased quality of life. The dog was treated with substantial surgical debulking of lesions, followed by daily topical 5% imiquimod cream applied to nonexcisable lesions, and received five doses of an experimental recombinant CPV2 L1 vaccine every 14 days for 10 weeks. At the end of the 10 weeks, two lesions remained and were excised. No additional treatment was needed and 10 months post‐treatment the dog was lesion free.ConclusionNew therapies need to be developed and assessed, in controlled treatment trials, to determine the efficacy of single modality therapeutic interventions for severe, persistent canine cutaneous papillomatosis.
Comparison of laparoscopic gastropexy performed via intracorporeal suturing with knotless unidirectional barbed suture using a needle driver versus a roticulated endoscopic suturing device: 30 cases
Authors: Coleman Kristin A. , Monnet Eric 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo compare two suturing techniques for prophylactic laparoscopic gastropexy in healthy dogs.Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsThirty healthy client‐owned dogs from breeds predisposed to gastric dilation volvulus.MethodsMedical records of dogs presented for prophylactic laparoscopic gastropexy performed with knotless unidirectional barbed suture were reviewed. Dogs were grouped based on the device used for suturing, consisting of an endoscopic needle driver (END) vs an endoscopic suturing device (ESD). Signalment, weight, surgery time, number of suture bites per side of gastropexy, and intraoperative complications were compared between groups.ResultsThe END group consisted of 10 dogs, with a median age of 1.09 years (range 0.5‐2.67), weight of 41.5 kg (range 25‐66), surgical time of 49.5 minutes (range 35‐77), and a median of 5 suture bites per side (range 4‐6). The ESD group included 20 dogs, with a median age of 1.75 years (range 0.6‐8.75, P = .0944), weight was 37.5 kg (range 20‐62, P = .5823), surgical time of 55 minutes (range 30‐76, P = .808), and a median of 6 suture bites for the first side (range 4‐7, P = .072) and 7 for the second side (range 4‐8, P = .003). No major complications and no conversion to open celiotomy occured in either group. Minor complications occurred in 3 dogs in the ESD group, all related to device dysfunction and suture breakage.ConclusionLaparoscopic gastropexy may be performed effectively with either of these suturing techniques.
Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in southeastern Australian pig herds and implications for surveillance
Authors: van Breda L. K. , Dhungyel O. P. , Ward M. P. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryTo investigate public health implications of antibiotics to control post‐weaning scours, we surveyed 22 commercial pig herds in southeastern Australia. Fifty faecal samples per herd were collected from pre‐ and post‐weaned piglets. Presumptive Escherichia coli isolates were confirmed by MALDI‐TOF MS. Isolates (n = 325) were screened for susceptibility to 19 veterinary antibiotics using MIC broth microdilution. All 325 E. coli isolates underwent further testing against 27 antibiotics used in human medicine and were screened for ETEC adhesin and enterotoxin genes (F4 (K88), F5 (K99), F6 (987P), F18, F41, STa, STb, Stx2e and LT) by multiplex PCR. Isolates identified as phenotypically resistant to third‐generation cephalosporin (3GC) and aminoglycoside antibiotics were screened by multiplex PCR/reverse line blot to detect common β‐lactam and aminoglycosides resistance genes, confirmed by sequencing. Twenty (6.1%) of the E. coli isolates were resistant to 3GC antibiotics and 24 (7.4%) to the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin. Genetic analysis revealed six different extended spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL) genes (blaCTX‐M‐1, ‐14, ‐15, ‐27, blaSHV‐12 and blaCMY‐2‐like genes), four of which have not been previously reported in Australian pigs. Critically, the prevalence of 3GC resistance was higher in non‐pathogenic (non‐ETEC) isolates and those from clinically normal (non‐diarrhoeal) samples. This highlights the importance of non‐ETECE. coli as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes in piglet pens. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in pig production focused on diagnostic specimens from clinically‐affected animals might be potentially misleading. We recommend that surveillance for emerging antimicrobial resistance such as to 3GC antibiotics should include clinically healthy pigs.
Economic insecurity during the Great Recession and metabolic, inflammatory and liver function biomarkers: analysis of the UK Household Longitudinal Study
Authors: Niedzwiedz Claire L , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Reeves Aaron , McKee Martin , Stuckler David 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundEconomic insecurity correlates with adverse health outcomes, but the biological pathways involved are not well understood. We examine how changes in economic insecurity relate to metabolic, inflammatory and liver function biomarkers.MethodsBlood analyte data were taken from 6520 individuals (aged 25–59 years) participating in Understanding Society. Economic insecurity was measured using an indicator of subjective financial strain and by asking participants whether they had missed any bill, council tax, rent or mortgage payments in the past year. We investigated longitudinal changes in economic insecurity (remained secure, increase in economic insecurity, decrease in economic insecurity, remained insecure) and the accumulation of economic insecurity. Linear regression models were calculated for nine (logged) biomarker outcomes related to metabolic, inflammatory, liver and kidney function (as falsification tests), adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsCompared with those who remained economically stable, people who experienced consistent economic insecurity (using both measures) had worsened levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides, C reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen and glycated haemoglobin. Increased economic insecurity was associated with adverse levels of HDL-cholesterol (0.955, 95% CI 0.929 to 0.982), triglycerides (1.077, 95% CI 1.018 to 1.139) and CRP (1.114, 95% CI 1.012 to 1.227), using the measure of financial strain. Results for the other measure were generally consistent, apart from the higher levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase observed among those experiencing persistent insecurity (1.200, 95% CI 1.110 to 1.297).ConclusionEconomic insecurity is associated with adverse metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers (particularly HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and CRP), heightening risk for a range of health conditions.
False Lumen Status in Patients With Acute Aortic Dissection: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Dongze , Ye Lei , He Yarong , Cao Xiaoping , Liu Jining , Zhong Wu , Cao Linghong , Zeng Rui , Zeng Zhi , Wan Zhi , Cao Yu 
Published: September 2017

Background

The long‐term association between the status of the false lumen and poor patient outcomes in acute aortic dissection (
AAD
) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated whether the status of the false lumen was a predictor of poor long‐term survival in
AAD
.

Methods and Results

Eleven cohort studies (2924 participants) exploring the association between the false lumen status and long‐term outcomes (>1 year) in
AAD
were included. All studies reported multivariate‐adjusted hazard ratios (
HR
s) with 95%
CI
s for long‐term outcomes, according to false lumen status. Pooled
HR
s for mortality and aortic events were computed and weighted using generic inverse‐variance and random‐effect modeling. Residual patent false lumen was an independent predictor of long‐term mortality in
AAD
type A (
HR
, 1.71; 95%
CI
, 1.16–2.52;
P
=0.007) and type B (
HR
, 2.79; 95%
CI
, 1.80–4.32;
P
<0.001).
AAD
patients with residual patent false lumen exhibited an increased risk of aortic events (
HR
, 5.43; 95%
CI
, 2.95–9.99;
P
<0.001). Partial false lumen thrombosis was independently associated with long‐term mortality in type B
AAD
(
HR
, 2.24; 95%
CI
, 1.37–3.65;
P
=0.001). This association was not observed in
AAD
type A patients (
HR
, 1.75; 95%
CI
, 0.88–3.45;
P
=0.211).

Conclusions

The false lumen status influences late outcomes in
AAD
. Residual patent false lumen is independently associated with poor long‐term survival in
AAD
. However, only type B
AAD
patients with partial false lumen thrombosis had an increased late mortality risk.
Concomitant Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Add to the Atrial Arrhythmogenic Phenotype in Male Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Hohl Mathias , Lau Dennis H. , Müller Andreas , Elliott Adrian D. , Linz Benedikt , Mahajan Rajiv , Hendriks Jeroen M. L. , Böhm Michael , Schotten Ulrich , Sanders Prashanthan , Linz Dominik 
Published: September 2017

Background
Besides hypertension, obesity and the metabolic syndrome have recently emerged as risk factors for atrial fibrillation. This study sought to delineate the development of an arrhythmogenic substrate for atrial fibrillation in hypertension with and without concomitant obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Methods and Results

We compared obese spontaneously hypertensive rats (
SHR
‐obese, n=7–10) with lean hypertensive controls (
SHR
‐lean, n=7–10) and normotensive rats (n=7–10). Left atrial emptying function (MRI) and electrophysiological parameters were characterized before the hearts were harvested for histological and biochemical analyses. At the age of 38 weeks,
SHR
‐obese, but not
SHR
‐lean, showed increased body weight and impaired glucose tolerance together with dyslipidemia compared with normotensive rats. Mean blood pressure was similarly increased in
SHR
‐lean and
SHR
‐obese when compared with normotensive rats (178±9 and 180±8 mm Hg [not significant] versus 118±5 mm Hg,
P
<0.01 for both), but left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure was more increased in
SHR
‐obese than in
SHR
‐lean. Impairment of left atrial emptying function, increase in total atrial activation time, and conduction heterogeneity, as well as prolongation of inducible atrial fibrillation durations, were more pronounced in
SHR
‐obese as compared with
SHR
‐lean. Histological and biochemical examinations revealed enhanced triglycerides and more pronounced fibrosis in the left atrium of
SHR
‐obese. Besides increased expression of profibrotic markers in
SHR
‐lean and
SHR
‐obese, the profibrotic extracellular matrix protein osteopontin was highly upregulated only in
SHR
‐obese.

Conclusions
In addition to hypertension alone, concomitant obesity and metabolic syndrome add to the atrial arrhythmogenic phenotype by impaired left atrial emptying function, local conduction abnormalities, interstitial atrial fibrosis formation, and increased propensity for atrial fibrillation.
Cortical Correlates of the Simulated Viewpoint Oscillation Advantage for Vection
Authors: Kirollos Ramy , Allison Robert S. , Palmisano Stephen 
Published: September 2017

Behavioural studies have consistently found stronger vection responses for oscillating, compared to smooth/constant, patterns of radial flow (the simulated viewpoint oscillation advantage for vection). Traditional accounts predict that simulated viewpoint oscillation should impair vection by increasing visual–vestibular conflicts in stationary observers (as this visual oscillation simulates self-accelerations that should strongly stimulate the vestibular apparatus). However, support for increased vestibular activity during accelerating vection has been mixed in the brain imaging literature. This fMRI study examined BOLD activity in visual (cingulate sulcus visual area — CSv; medial temporal complex — MT+; V6; precuneus motion area — PcM) and vestibular regions (parieto-insular vestibular cortex — PIVC/posterior insular cortex — PIC; ventral intraparietal region — VIP) when stationary observers were exposed to vection-inducing optic flow (i.e., globally coherent oscillating and smooth self-motion displays) as well as two suitable control displays. In line with earlier studies in which no vection occurred, CSv and PIVC/PIC both showed significantly increased BOLD activity during oscillating global motion compared to the other motion conditions (although this effect was found for fewer subjects in PIVC/PIC). The increase in BOLD activity in PIVC/PIC during prolonged exposure to the oscillating (compared to smooth) patterns of global optical flow appears consistent with vestibular facilitation.
Formation of Long-Lived Summertime Mesoscale Vortices over Central East China:Semi-Idealized Simulations Based on a 14-Year Vortex Statistic
Authors: Fu Shen-Ming , Sun Jian-Hua , Luo Ya-Li , Zhang Yuan-Chun 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Regions around Dabie Mountain (DBM) in the Yangtze River basin (YRB) are the source of a mesoscale vortex: the Dabie vortex (DBV). Based on a 14-yr statistical study, 11 long-lived heavy-rain-producing DBVs were composited for convection-permitting semi-idealized simulations. A control simulation, initialized 12 h before the composite vortex formation, successfully reproduced a DBV, with all the salient characteristics of the 11 events. Sensitivity experiments were designed to understand the impacts of large-scale environmental conditions, regional topography, and latent heating on DBV formation. The main results were as follows: (i) Supposition of a 500-hPa shortwave trough with an east–west-oriented lower-level transversal trough around the DBM is crucial for the formation of vortices. A nocturnal lower-level jet on the southern side of the transversal trough accelerates DBV formation by enhancing convergence, triggering/sustaining convection, and producing cyclonic vorticity. (ii) During the simulation period, the topography east of the second-step mountain ranges, including the DBM, significantly affects nearby precipitation and convective activity, whereas this is not crucial for DBV formation. (iii) Latent heating is not required for generating DBVs, but it enhances the intensity, longevity, and eastward progression of these vortices along the shear line associated with the transversal trough. (iv) The vorticity budget suggests the convergence-related (horizontal) shrinking and vertical transport dominate the cyclonic-vorticity increase associated with DBVs, whereas tilting and horizontal transport mainly act in the opposite manner.
High Degree of Variability in Reporting of Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Stone Austin V. , Jacobs Cale A. , Luo T. David , Meadows Molly C. , Nho Shane J. , Stubbs Allston J. , Makhni Eric C. 
Published: September 2017

Background: Hip arthroscopy for the treatment of intra-articular pathology is a rapidly expanding field. Outcome measures should be reported to document the efficacy of arthroscopic procedures; however, the most effective outcome measures are not established. Purpose: To evaluate the variability in outcomes reported after hip arthroscopy and to compare the responsiveness of patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: We reviewed primary hip arthroscopy literature between January 2011 and September 2016 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. Patient and study characteristics were recorded. Pre- and postoperative means and SDs of PROs were recorded from articles that used 2 or more PROs with a 1-year minimum follow-up. From this subset of articles, we compared the responsiveness between PRO instruments using the effect size, standard response mean, and relative efficiency. Results: We identified 130 studies that met our inclusion/exclusion criteria, which totaled 16,970 patients (17,511 hips, mean age = 37.0 years, mean body mass index = 25.9 kg/m2). Radiographic measures were reported in 100 studies. The alpha angle and center-edge angle were the most common measures. Range of motion was reported in 81 of 130 articles. PROs were reported in 129 of 130 articles, and 21 different PRO instruments were identified. The mean number of PROs per article was 3.2, and 78% used 2 or more PROs. The most commonly used PRO was the modified Harris Hip Score, followed by the Hip Outcome Score (HOS)–Activities of Daily Living, HOS-Sport, visual analog scale, and Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS). The 2 most responsive PRO tools were the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT)–12 and the NAHS. Conclusion: Outcomes reporting is highly variable in the hip arthroscopy literature. More than 20 different PRO instruments have been used, which makes comparison across studies difficult. A uniform set of outcome measures would allow for clearer interpretation of the hip arthroscopy literature and offer potential conclusions from pooled data. On the basis of our comparative responsiveness results and previously reported psychometric properties of the different PRO instruments, we recommend more widespread adoption of the iHOT PROs instruments to assess hip arthroscopy outcomes.
Attitudes, beliefs and common practices of hand therapists for base of thumb osteoarthritis in Australia (The ABC Thumb Study)
Authors: Duong Vicky , Bennell Kim L , Deveza Leticia A , Eyles Jillian P , Hodges Paul W , Holden Melanie A , Hunter David J , Jongs Ray , Knapp Donna , Mei Yifang , Vicenzino Bill , Wajon Anne , Robbins Sarah R 
Published: September 2017

Introduction The purpose of this study was to identify attitudes, beliefs and common practices of hand therapists in Australia regarding assessment and management of base of thumb osteoarthritis. Methods Monthly emails with a link to a 57-item cross-sectional survey were sent to members of the Australian Hand Therapy Association between November 2015 and February 2016. The survey included a case scenario of a patient with base of thumb osteoarthritis with questions about assessment and non-pharmacological and non-surgical treatment interventions for this case. Participants also rated their agreement with a series of 20 attitude and belief statements on a 6-point Likert scale. Data underwent descriptive analysis. Results A total of 124 therapists accessed the survey, of which 77 (62%) returned completed answers and 47 (38%) partially completed it. The majority were occupational therapists (n = 92, 74%), and the remaining were physiotherapists. The most common clinical assessment methods used for base of thumb osteoarthritis were palpation (96%), range of motion (90%), the grind test (85%), and pain on opposition across the palm (82%). The commonly reported treatments included a combination of orthosis prescription (92%), pain education (78%), heat (75%) and exercise (74%). Conclusion The findings highlight commonly used assessment tools and treatments for a typical patient with base of thumb osteoarthritis. Despite the low response rate, there is consistency among general treatment for base of thumb osteoarthritis. Variation exists within the specifics of exercise and orthosis prescription. The results of the survey reflect the lack of standardised recommendations for the management of base of thumb osteoarthritis.
Obese Patients Have Fewer Wound Complications Following Fixation of Ankle Fractures
Authors: Matson Andrew P. , Morwood Michael P. , Peres Da Silva Ashwin , Cone Eugene B. , Hurwitz Shepard R. , Zura Robert D. 
Published: September 2017

Outcomes following ankle fracture surgery have been well studied; however, factors associated with surgical wound healing specifically are less clear. We aimed to study the relationship between wound healing and body mass index, as well as other variables following surgical treatment of ankle fractures. There were 127 consecutive, isolated, closed, malleolar ankle fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation at a level-1 trauma center from 2008 to 2012. Patient, injury, and treatment variables were recorded and clinical records were reviewed to identify wound complications. There were 6 major and 18 minor wound complications. The overall rate of wound complication of any type was significantly lower in obese patients at 11.7% (7/60) compared with 25.4% (17/67, P < .05) in nonobese patients. When controlling for other variables obesity was associated with a significantly lower risk of developing a wound complication (OR 0.267, 95% CI 0.087-0.822), as was low energy mechanism (OR 0.246, 95% CI 0.067-0.906). No other covariates tested were associated with an increased risk of a wound infection. Ankle anatomy may present a unique situation whereby obesity may be protective against wound complications. Further studies are needed to confirm this clinical observation, and to demonstrate the mechanism through which this may occur. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Retrospective