bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood macrophagic myofasciitis: A series from the Indian subcontinent
Authors: Kakkar Aanchal , Rajeshwari Madhu , Nalwa Aasma , Suri Vaishali , Sarkar Chitra , Chakrabarty Biswaroop , Gulati Sheffali , Sharma Mehar C. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionMacrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) is a rare disorder, reported mainly in European adults, with occasional childhood cases. We report a series of 6 patients with pediatric MMF from the Indian subcontinent.MethodsClinical details, creatine kinase levels, and results of electromyography are described for patients diagnosed with MMF. Fresh‐frozen and formalin‐fixed muscle biopsies were evaluated by hematoxylin‐eosin staining, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy.ResultsSix of 2,218 muscle biopsies were diagnosed as MMF; patient charts were reviewed. The 6 patients were all children; all presented with hypotonia and/or motor delay. Mean age at diagnosis was 16.2 months. There were 4 boys and 2 girls. All had a history of hepatitis B vaccination. Histopathology revealed infiltration by sheets of large periodic acid–Schiff stain‐positive histiocytes. Ultrastructural examination demonstrated needle‐shaped crystals within histiocytes. One patient had a co‐existent neuromuscular disorder, merosin‐deficient congenital muscular dystrophy.ConclusionsMMF is a rare inflammatory myopathy that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of congenital myopathies in children. Muscle Nerve 56: 71–77, 2017.
Accelerated ferumoxytol‐enhanced 4D multiphase, steady‐state imaging with contrast enhancement (MUSIC) cardiovascular MRI: validation in pediatric congenital heart disease
Authors: Zhou Ziwu , Han Fei , Rapacchi Stanislas , Nguyen Kim‐Lien , Brunengraber Daniel Z. , Kim Grace‐Hyun J. , Finn J. Paul , Hu Peng 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to validate a parallel imaging (PI) and compressed sensing (CS) combined reconstruction method for a recently proposed 4D non‐breath‐held, multiphase, steady‐state imaging technique (MUSIC) cardiovascular MRI in a cohort of pediatric congenital heart disease patients. We implemented a graphics processing unit accelerated CS‐PI combined reconstruction method and applied it in 13 pediatric patients who underwent cardiovascular MRI after ferumoxytol administration. Conventional breath‐held contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE‐MRA) was first performed during the first pass of ferumoxytol injection, followed by the original MUSIC and the proposed CS‐PI MUSIC during the steady‐state distribution phase of ferumoxytol. Qualities of acquired images were then evaluated using a four‐point scale. Left ventricular volumes and ejection fractions calculated from the original MUSIC and the CS‐PI MUSIC were also compared with conventional multi‐slice 2D cardiac cine MRI. The proposed CS‐PI MUSIC reduced the imaging time of the MUSIC acquisition to 4.6 ± 0.4 min from 8.9 ± 1.2 min. Computationally intensive image reconstruction was completed within 5 min without interruption of sequential clinical scans. The proposed method (mean 3.3–4.0) provided image quality comparable to that of the original MUSIC (3.2–4.0) (all P ≥ 0.42), and better than conventional breath‐held first‐pass CE‐MRA (1.1–3.3) for 13 anatomical structures (all P ≤ 0.0014) with good inter‐observer agreement (κ > 0.46). The calculated ventricular volumes and ejection fractions from both original MUSIC (r > 0.90) and CS‐PI MUSIC (r > 0.85) correlated well with 2D cine imaging. In conclusion, PI and CS were successfully incorporated into the 4D MUSIC acquisition to further reduce scan time by approximately 50% while maintaining highly comparable image quality in a clinically practical reconstruction time.
Preparation and performance study on P(St‐MMA)‐SiO2 doped P(VDF‐HFP) based composite polymer electrolyte
Authors: Wang Zhiyan , Miao Chang , Yan Xuemin , Mei Ping , Xiao Wei 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe organic–inorganic hybrid material poly(styrene‐methyl methacrylate)‐silica (P(St‐MMA)‐SiO2) was successfully prepared by in situ polymerization confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and was employed to fabricate poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF‐HFP)) based composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) membrane. Desirable CPEs can be obtained by immersing the CPE membranes into 1.0 mol L−1 LiPF6‐EC/DMC/EMC (LiPF6 ethylene carbonate + dimethyl carbonate + ethylmethyl carbonate) liquid electrolyte for about 0.5 h for activation. The corresponding physicochemical properties were characterized by SEM, XRD, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and charge–discharge cycle testing measurements. The results indicate that the as‐prepared CPEs have excellent properties when the mass ratio of the hybrid P(St‐MMA)‐SiO2 particles to polymer matrix P(VDF‐HFP) reaches 1:10, at which point the SEM analyses show that the as‐prepared P(St‐MMA)‐SiO2 particles are uniformly dispersed in the membrane and the CPE membrane presents a homogeneous surface with abundant interconnected micropores. The XRD results show that there may exist interaction forces between the P(St‐MMA)‐SiO2 particles and the polymer matrix, which can obviously decrease the crystallinity of the composite membrane. Moreover, the ionic conductivity at room temperature and the electrochemical working window of the CPE membrane can reach 3.146 mS cm−1 and 4.7 V, respectively. The assembled LiCoO2/CPE/Li coin cell with the CPE presents excellent charge–discharge and C‐rate performance, which indicates that P(St‐MMA)‐SiO2 hybrid material is a promising additive for the P(VDF‐HFP) based CPE of the lithium ion battery. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Resistance evolution in Drosophila: the case of CYP6G1
Authors: Le Goff Gaelle , Hilliou Frédérique 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe massive use of DDT as an insecticide between 1940 and 1970 has resulted in the emergence of a resistant population of insects. One of the main metabolic mechanisms developed by resistant insects involves detoxification enzymes such as cytochrome P450s. These enzymes can metabolise the insecticide to render it less toxic and facilitate its elimination from the organism. The P450 Cyp6g1 was identified as the major factor responsible for DDT resistance in Drosophila melanogaster field populations. In this article, we review the data available for this gene since it was associated with resistance in 2002. The knowledge gained on Cyp6g1 allows a better understanding of the evolution of insecticide resistance mechanisms and highlights the major role of transposable elements in evolutionary processes. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
On physical properties of nanoparticles: size effect and scale of nanoobjects
Authors: Uglov V. V. , Doroshevich I. L. , Kvasov N. T. , Remnev G. E. , Shymanski V. I. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA transition border between macroscopic and nanoscale states of solids associated with change of its physical properties is certain to exist. The change of mechanical, magnetic, thermal and other properties of nanoparticles may be due to the surface tension, decrease in coordination number in the top‐surface layer, rebuilding of the electron shell structure, change of the symmetry group of the crystal lattice and the binding energy. Different defects of the structure can also have significant influence on the physical properties of nanoparticles. A violation of the Neumann principle with decrease of the crystal sized is constant discussed in the literature. In the present work the dependence of elastic module, Debye's temperature, melting point, thermal expansion coefficient, magnetic structure on a size of metal nanoparticles (first of all iron nanoparticles) is discussed. On the basis of the obtained results the scale border between nano‐ and macroscopic states is justified. In the present work the peculiarity of the physical processes (melting, diffusion, defects complexes formation) occurring in nanoparticles and nanomaterials is discussed. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Infrared defect dynamics – radiation induced complexes in silicon crystals grown by various techniques
Authors: Inoue Naohisa , Sugiyama Takahide , Goto Yasunori , Watanabe Kaori , Seki Hirofumi , Kawamura Yuichi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRadiation induced point defect‐light element impurity complexes, basically CiOi, are used widely for lifetime control in power devices for hybrid cars. Recently, not only CZ, but also FZ and epitaxial wafers have been examined as candidates. It has been suggested by luminescence study that CiOi behaved differently during annealing in crystals from different origins. The behavior of CiOi (and VO) during annealing was examined by highly sensitive infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR). CiOi concentration ([CiOi]) after irradiation depended strongly on the growth techniques and as‐grown carbon ([C]) and oxygen ([O]) concentrations. In the basic C‐rich MCZ case, CiOi and VO reacted with each other and decreased steadily with annealing temperature increase. They mostly disappeared at 400 °C. In low [C] CZ case, CiOi residual ratio (RR = α400°C/αRT, α is the absorption coefficient) was higher, probably due to low reaction probability of much lower [CiOi] with VO. In FZ silicon, CiOi residual ratio was low, probably due to rapid break. Thus, IR made systematic and quantitative analysis compared to the luminescence study. In nitrogen‐doped FZ silicon, NV was observed in as‐grown crystals. N2 was modified by irradiation and complicated reaction took place with V or I by annealing. This would affect the CiOi behavior. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Role of ammonium in the ionization of phosphatidylcholines during electrospray mass spectrometry
Authors: Rush Michael D. , van Breemen Richard B. 
Published: November 2016

RationaleElectrospray mass spectrometry methods for the analysis of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) routinely include ammonium acetate or ammonium formate in the mobile phase. In an effort to justify and optimize the use of these additives, we investigated possible functions of ammonium compounds in the ionization of PCs.MethodsBecause PCs contain a quaternary amine, the role of ammonium in neutralizing the negatively charged phosphate group was investigated by using deuterated ammonium acetate, adjusting the pH, varying the organic solvent composition, and by comparing the additives ammonium acetate, ammonium formate and ammonium bicarbonate. Seven PC standards were measured ranging from lyso 1‐palmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine to 1,2‐dieicosapentaenoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine as well as a mixture of PCs in a krill oil dietary supplement.ResultsUnder all conditions tested, aqueous acetonitrile provided more abundant formation of protonated PCs than did aqueous methanol. Regardless of the mobile phase composition and electrospray ion source parameters, no [M + NH4]+ ions were detected. Adding deuterated ammonium acetate to the mobile phase failed to form deuterated PCs, indicating that ammonium is not the source of the proton that neutralizes the phosphate negative charge. Instead, water was the source of the proton as deuterated water resulted in the formation of [M + D]+ ions. Addition of organic acids, ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, or ammonium bicarbonate to the mobile phase did not enhance and in most cases suppressed PC ionization.ConclusionsAmmonium compounds and organic acids can suppress ionization of PCs when using an aqueous acetonitrile mobile phase during electrospray. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effects of Rapid Water Level Changes on Fish Assemblages: The Case of a Spillway Gate Collapse in a Neotropical Reservoir
Authors: Baumgartner M. T. , Baumgartner G. , Gomes L. C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRiver damming and associated reservoir causes intense and dramatic changes that create new environments, with particular structure and functioning. In these systems, flow control and artificial variations in water level are important determinants of the structure of fish assemblages. Planned reduction in water level (drawdown) is used to manage productivity in reservoirs. However, the effects of non‐planned reductions, such as those related to the collapse of spillway gates, are rarely studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a rapid reservoir drawdown, because of the collapse of a gate, on the structure of fish assemblage in a Neotropical reservoir, in Southern Brazil, operated as run‐of‐the‐river. Water level variation because of the collapse reached up to 20 m. A canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) was used to summarize the structure of fish assemblage. Spearman rank correlations were performed between each CAP axes retained for interpretation and fish species abundances, to assess the ones that most contributed to observed patterns. The first CAP axis identified strong variations in the spatial scale, while the third axis identified variations in the time scale (before and after the collapse). The most notable negative effect was the loss of several fish that perished during the reservoir drawdown, probably because of adverse limnological conditions. Results showed significant benefits of water level variation on the entire fish assemblage, and we suggest that, observed some peculiarities, this variation can be used to manage reservoirs, as a tool to enhance fish abundances. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Late Oligocene caviomorph rodents from Contamana, Peruvian Amazonia
Authors: Boivin Myriam , Marivaux Laurent , Candela Adriana M. , Orliac Maëva J. , Pujos François , Salas‐Gismondi Rodolfo , Tejada‐Lara Julia V. , Antoine Pierre‐Olivier 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Deseadan South American Land Mammal Age (late Early Oligocene – Late Oligocene) attests to a time of great diversification in the caviomorph rodent fossil record. Nevertheless, Deseadan rodent‐bearing localities in Neotropical lowlands are few and poorly known. Here we describe the rodent assemblages from two Late Oligocene localities, near Contamana, Loreto, Peru. Seven taxa are new to science: Palaeosteiromys amazonensis gen. et sp. nov., Plesiosteiromys newelli gen. et sp. nov., Loretomys minutus gen. et sp. nov., Scleromys praecursor sp. nov, Ucayalimys crassidens gen. et sp. nov., Chambiramys sylvaticus gen. et sp. nov. and Chambiramys shipiborum gen. et sp. nov. These rodent faunas show that caviomorphs were relatively diverse in Peruvian Amazonia during the Late Oligocene, with the co‐occurrence of at least three extant superfamilies: Erethizontoidea, Octodontoidea and Chinchilloidea. Additionally, they mark the earliest known occurrences of Scleromys, of a small erethizontid closely related to Microsteiromys and of an adelphomyine closely reminiscent of Ricardomys (all taxa previously restricted to Miocene localities thus far). They also document a form potentially related to Eosallamys (previously known from around the Eocene–Oligocene transition at Santa Rosa in Peruvian Amazonia). Finally, the geographical range of Adelphomyinae and of Deseadomys is widely expanded to the lower latitudes of South America for the Deseadan interval. The latter elements, in addition to the record of a very primitive species of Scleromys, suggest the absence of palaeogeographical and palaeoenvironmental barriers within the southern cone of South America before the Oligocene–Miocene transition.
Modelling interdecadal climate variability and the role of the ocean
Authors: Farneti Riccardo 
Published: November 2016

To estimate the anthropogenic contribution to climate signals in the recent past and future decades implies a certain degree of confidence in both understanding and simulating natural internal variability at interdecadal time scales. If we are to embark on the challenge of decadal prediction, we must be able to mechanistically attribute events to known processes and phenomena, and reproduce their features and statistics within our models. To date, models have succeeded in reproducing only partially spatial patterns, statistics and climatic impacts of interdecadal modes of variability. Reasons for the partial success and agreement among models are to be attributed to the short observational record, the different and complex flavours of coupling between the many subcomponents of the climate system, and the present inability to resolve all climate processes. At an even more fundamental level, this difficulty is aggravated by the limited understanding of the physical mechanisms involved. Here, we review the proposed mechanisms giving rise to interdecadal climate variability, we discuss the hypotheses explaining the main interdecadal modes of variability, and present an overview on the ability and level of agreement in their simulation by the latest generation of coupled climate models. To achieve any progress, the modeling community should focus on both improving the representation and parameterization of key ocean physical processes and obtaining a firmer grasp on the physical mechanisms generating the variability. Both goals can benefit from process studies, intercomparisons with perturbation experiments to study model's sensitivities, and the use of a hierarchy of climate models. WIREs Clim Change 2017, 8:e441. doi: 10.1002/wcc.441This article is categorized under:

Climate Models and Modeling > Earth System Models
PUSH, PULL, AND POPULATION SIZE EFFECTS IN STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT: LONG-RUN TRADE-OFFS
Authors: Leukhina Oksana M. , Turnovsky Stephen J. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract:The process of structural transformation from the farm to a nonfarm sector is accompanied by technological change in both sectors and massive population growth. We investigate the effects of increasing population size (the population effect) and sector-specific productivity (the push and pull effects), both factor-neutral and factor-biased, in a parsimonious general equilibrium model under general forms of utility and production functions. All three effects may co-exist and interact in important ways. Generalizing the agricultural sector production function to CES is crucial for the population growth effect. Our analysis highlights how the relative importance of the three effects changes as the country develops and production and consumption conditions become more flexible.
A CULTURE OF KINSHIP: CHINESE GENEALOGIES AS A SOURCE FOR RESEARCH IN DEMOGRAPHIC ECONOMICS
Authors: Shiue Carol H. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract:This paper discusses the use of Chinese genealogies for research on economic demography. I focus both on what is known about the genealogy as a data source, and what are the open questions for future research. Chinese genealogies contain records at the individual level. With the publication of new catalogs and efforts to collect genealogies, the number of genealogies is even larger than previously thought, with most dating to the late Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1911) Dynasties. These records contain a rich source of information about the Chinese population history, over a period for which there is no alternative source of information. Yet, the source still remains largely unexploited. Although the work of transcribing the data is significant, and selection biases need to be carefully considered, preliminary analysis of the data for a sample of married men for Tongcheng County in Anhui Province suggests these data are a rich source of information for demographic and economics research.
Construction and Grouping of a Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces Provincial-Level Mobile Rescue Hospital System
Authors: Yu Baoguo , Yang Zhen , Bai Song , Shan Xuexian , Lv Qi , Ding Hui , Hou Shike 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn recent years, with the increasingly frequent variety of large-scale disasters that have happened in China, the Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces (PAP) has undertaken increasingly frequent and diversified tasks, which has led to greater requirements for the construction of emergency medical rescue equipment. Therefore, as determined by the characteristics of the PAP’s tasks and based on the construction of special boxes and frame tent equipment, a new PAP mobile rescue hospital system was successfully developed, and all PAP provincial-level medical rescue teams have been equipped with this system. In the present article, we describe this mobile rescue hospital system, which is mainly composed of professional emergency vehicles, frame-type tents, and advanced medical equipment. The system has the following characteristics: significant integration, a fast response, flexibility, and practicability. The mobile rescue system is generally used as the army’s own health service support system and to provide certain emergency medical rescue services to disaster-stricken people. The successful construction and further application of this system have significance in terms of accelerating the response of rescue teams and the emergency treatment ability of the PAP’s provincial-level emergency medical rescue teams. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:455–459)
Developing a Home-Based Primary Care Disaster Preparedness Toolkit
Authors: Wyte-Lake Tamar , Claver Maria , Der-Martirosian Claudia , Davis Darlene , Dobalian Aram 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveHealth agencies working with the homebound play a vital role in bolstering a community’s resiliency by improving the preparedness of this vulnerable population. Nevertheless, this role is one for which agencies lack training and resources, which leaves many homebound at heightened risk. This study examined the utility of an evidence-based Disaster Preparedness Toolkit in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Home-Based Primary Care (HBPC) programs.MethodsWe conducted an online survey of all VHA HBPC program managers (N=77/146; 53% response rate).ResultsRespondents with fewer years with the HBPC program rated the toolkit as being more helpful (P<0.05). Of those who implemented their program’s disaster protocol most frequently, two-thirds strongly agreed that the toolkit was relevant. Conversely, of those who implemented their disaster protocols very infrequently or never, 23% strongly agreed that the topics covered in the toolkit were relevant to their work (P<0.05).ConclusionThis toolkit helps support programs as they fulfill their preparedness requirements, especially practitioners who are new to their position in HBPC. Programs that implement disaster protocols infrequently may require additional efforts to increase understanding of the toolkit’s utility. Engaging all members of the team with their diverse clinical expertise could strengthen a patient’s personal preparedness plan. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:56–63)