bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling current and future supply and water demand in the northern region of the Seybouse Valley
Authors: Berredjem Abdel-Fatah , Hani Azzedine 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWater in the Seybouse River basin is getting scarce, yet it is the key to its economic development. A fast growing population, expanding agricultural and industrial sectors and the impacts of climate variability, create demands for new water sources and innovative management of water resources and services. The object of this study is the water resources management in the lower Seybouse basin characterized by a steady increase of water demand to meet different uses. This study takes into account changes in water demand of different urban, agricultural and industrial supply process. Our approach is to integrate data in WEAP modelling software to simulate current and future water balance and then to analyse the situation of water in different scenarios, socio-economic development and climate change to 2050. This software is based on the representation of the feeding system in a form of the network of water demand and supply. Our findings reveal the vulnerability of the region in its ability to the pressures resulting from the increase of needs of different sectors at the horizon of the forecasted period. They also indicate the need for larger mobilization of new resources into the system and lay the foundations for a sustainable water policy in the northern region of the Seybouse valley.
Evaluation of potential dam break flood risks of the cascade dams Mexa and Bougous (El Taref, Algeria)
Authors: Bouchehed Hamza , Mihoubi Mustapha K. , Derdous Oussama , Djemili Lakhdar 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The implementation of Bougous dam at 5 km upstream of Mexa dam permits to compensate the storage capacity and to reduce sediment yields in the later, however, these advantages must be associated to the fact that the presence of two large dams in the region poses in case of a dam break event a potential threat to human life and property. Indeed, in this study a numerical simulation of the dam break wave propagation resulting from the failure of the two dams was performed using the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model Telemac-2D, in order to estimate the impacts on constructions located in the downstream valley. The simulation results exported to GIS platform allowed the elaboration of cartographic materials depicting the hydraulic characteristics of the flood wave and its arrival times at key locations, which constitute very useful information for the authorities to avoid significant loss in case of the failure of Bougous and Mexa dams.
Using artificial neural network (ANN) for prediction of sediment loads, application to the Mellah catchment, northeast Algeria
Authors: Bouzeria Housseyn , Ghenim Abderrahmane N. , Khanchoul Kamel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this study, we present the performances of the best training algorithm in Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) neural networks for prediction of suspended sediment discharges in Mellah catchment. Time series data of daily suspended sediment discharge and water discharge from the gauging station of Bouchegouf were used for training and testing the networks. A number of statistical parameters, i.e. root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), coefficient of efficiency (CE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were used for performance evaluation of the model. The model produced satisfactory results and showed a very good agreement between the predicted and observed data. The results also showed that the performance of the MLP model was capable to capture the exact pattern of the sediment discharge data in the Mellah catchment.
Variable dynamics of sewage supply to wastewater treatment plant depending on the amount of precipitation water inflowing to sewerage network
Authors: Bugajski Piotr M. , Kaczor Grzegorz , Chmielowski Krzysztof 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe paper analyzes the effect of precipitation water that inflowing to sanitary sewage system as accidental water on the changes in the total amount of treated sewage. The effects of accidental water supply on the total amount of sewage inflowing to treatment plant were analyzed based on mean daily amounts from the investigated periods and mean daily amounts from incidental supplies. The study was conducted in the years 2010–2015. Six characteristic research periods were identified (one per each calendar year), when the amount of sewage in the sanitary sewage system was greater than during dry weather. The analysis of changes in the amount of sewage supplied to the sewerage system in the six investigated periods revealed that the accidental water constituted from 26.8% to 48.4% of total sewage inflowing to the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In exceptional situations, during intense rains, the share of precipitation water in the sewerage system would increase up to 75%. Then, the rainwater inflowing the sewerage system caused hydraulic overloading of the WWTP by exceeding its maximum design supply.
Land cover changes in catchment areas of lakes situated in headwaters of the Tyśmienica River
Authors: Grzywna Antoni , Sender Joanna 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The paper presents the history of land cover changes in the catchment area of lakes situated in the headwaters of the Tyśmienica River. The basis of the study were topographic maps in scale 1:50 000, from 1936 and 2014. We analyzed the quantitative aspect of these changes. The study was conducted in three natural lakes (Rogóźno, Krasne, Łukcze), and in one lake transformed into a storage reservoir (Krzczeń). The technical issues of georeferencing maps in the Geographic Information System (GIS) software are addressed first. In the landscape of Łęczna and Włodawa Lake District, to the end of the 19th century wetlands and bushes dominated. The first type of human pressure on this area was agriculture. Another type of pressure was recreation. In the catchment areas of studied lakes increased mainly the area of buildings and forests. Significantly increased also the length of roads and watercourses. Almost completely disappeared bushes and wastelands. In most of the analyzed basins, the area of wetlands and arable lands decreased. The probable cause of the changes in catchment use was decline in the water table, and thus overgrowing of meadows and wetlands.
Using the modified scalar product approach for testing the direction of seepage through the earth-fill dam in Pieczyska
Authors: Lach Stanisław , Opyrchał Leszek 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Currently, the problems related to the development of seepage are emerging more and more frequently. For this reason, there is a constant need to improve the existing methods, and to develop new ones, for determining the direction and intensity of the development of seepage processes occurring in earth-fill dams and their foundations. The analysed earth-fill dam is located in Pieczyska in the Kujawy-Pomerania province at 49.115 km from the river mouth of the Brda River. The catchment area is 4.109 km2. The article aims to verify the non-invasive, non-subjective method for examining the direction of seepage through earth-fill dams using the modified scalar product approach, which allows to determine the direction and intensity of the seepage process. A proper analysis of this process can greatly reduce the repair costs (injections or other methods of sealing), and significantly increase the safety of the existing earth-fill dams. In the case of the dam in Pieczyska, in 2010–2015, the two piezometers (located on the left abutment of the dam and denoted as P15A and P60) exhibited a direct hydraulic connection with the upstream water level (the scalar product approach). For the study dam, the “source” piezometer (to which all the piezometers in its surrounding exhibited similar changes in water levels) turned out to be the piezometer P15A. This fact was confirmed both by the number of connections between the individual piezometers and the resulting system of equipotential lines for the dam.
The size of the external patchwork of fields as an indicator of the need for land consolidation and exchange in the villages of the commune of Drzewica
Authors: Leń Przemysław 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Land consolidation and exchange have a significant impact on improving the spatial structure of rural areas in Poland. Given the fact that agricultural areas in different regions of Poland are characterized by different spatial and technical parameters and different legal and land-ownership-related conditions, it is necessary to conduct investigations and analyses focused on selecting the optimum features describing a given area. As demonstrated by previous studies, the areas located in central Poland are characterized by a defective land ownership pattern with an external patchwork of fields. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies to determine the size of that external patchwork of land ownership and to propose solutions for its liquidation. The analyses reported in this article clearly show that in the area studied, priority should be given to land exchange followed by land consolidation.
The size of an external patchwork of fields as an indicator of urgency for land consolidation and exchange on the example of the commune of Lesko
Authors: Leń Przemysław 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The patchwork of plots is one of the major factors that have a negative impact on both the organization and the level of agricultural production. Excessive fragmentation reduces the intensity of the work and increases the cost of agricultural production, thereby generating lower and lower income.
This paper presents data regarding the share of farmland belonging to non-resident owners in the commune of Lesko, which encompasses 15 cadastral communities. The data studied include the number of plots, their surface areas, and the number of owners. The study was conducted using checkerboard matrix tables which allow one to determine the share of farmland owned by local and out-of-village non-residents. An approach like this allows one to establish a program of exchange of land between these two groups of owners and to eliminate the problematic patchwork of land ownership through land exchange and consolidation.
Inter-region planning and analysis of water resources by using WEAP model Seybouse (Annaba) and Coastal East of Constantine (El-Taref)
Authors: Mansouri Sarra , Ouerdachi Lahbassi , Remaoun Mohamed 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Water is seen as key factor for development. Its scarcity raises concerns at all scales. In regards to water resources, Annaba and El-Taref are intimately connected, the different activities (groundwater and superficial), focused on increasing supply, have been considered as a response to water demand.
The actual system use of water resources is not able to sustain water needs that are more and more growing in different expansion sectors. Consequently, a strategy should therefore be sought to integrate the various sectoral needs in available water resources in order to reach the economic and ecological sustainability. We will try to respond to this problem by use of Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model. This study is the first attempt to estimate water demand and analysis of multiple and competing uses of hydro-system in Seybouse’s Wadi basin and to make comparison with proposed water storage estimates. This model was applied according to five different scenarios which reflect the best and worst conditions of the supply and demand, not only to evaluate water demand deficit, but also to help planners to the alternative management.
The model stimulation showed that the area study is sensitive to a serious water scarcity by 2030. It is possible to observe an improvement with integration of other management strategies for a best operating system.
Identification of stagnation reasons in the field of land consolidation in Slovakia compared with the Czech Republic
Authors: Muchová Zlatica , Leitmanová Mária , Jusková Kateřina , Konc Ľubomír , Vašek Andrej 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Causes of different evolution of land consolidation in the Czech Republic (CR) and Slovakia (SR) are documented and analyzed. Land fragmentation, methodical guidelines, legislative measures, financing and implementation of land consolidation projects are compared. Extensive, broad, complex land consolidation (LC) brings direct and indirect economic, environmental, social and landscape benefits for land owners and communities alike. It is a planning and development tool that is crucial for regional development. Authors focus on success of LC projects (measured by numbers of accepted projects relative to the country size) and their historical backgrounds in both neighbouring countries. Comprehensive land consolidation (CLC) and simple land consolidation (SLC) are examined. Approach to LC is similar in both countries. Demand for solving certain problems (e.g. land fragmentation, ownership fragmentation) is higher in Slovakia. Comprehensive land consolidation projects were initiated earlier in Slovakia than in the Czech Republic. But the current situation is significantly worse in Slovakia than in the Czech Republic. Risk of promoting particular interests resulting in an environment with disrupted dynamics of land consolidation is mentioned. Slovakia has a chance to change current dismal situation in the field of land consolidation only with the support of landowners.
Runoff velocity behaviour on smooth pavement and paving blocks surfaces measured by a tilted plot
Authors: Sedyowati Laksni , Suhardjono Suhardjono , Suhartanto Ery , Sholichin Mohammad 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Paving blocks have been widely known as an alternative technology for reducing runoff discharge due to their infiltration performance and capability of retarding the flow. Surface configuration of the different paving blocks types and the openings area play important role in decreasing the runoff velocity. In this study, we investigated the surface runoff velocity on two types of paving blocks layers, and a smooth pavement as comparison. The paving blocks type were rectangular blocks, which have 3.2% openings ratio and hexagonal blocks, which have 6.5% openings ratio. We used a tilted plot covering area of 2 × 6 m, equipped by a rainfall simulator to accommodate the variation of surface slope and rainfall intensity. We measured the velocity by using modification of dye tracer and buoyancy method. The data were then tabulated and graphed based on the paving types and the surface slopes. Generally, the velocity-slope relationship has demonstrated that the increase in surface slope leads to the increase in velocity. In this study, the result showed that slope and rainfall intensity simultaneously influenced the velocity (F = 19.91 > Ftable = 5.14; P < 0.05). However, the findings of this study showed a weak relationship between the changes of surface slope and the changes of runoff velocity on the rectangular blocks (R2 = 0.38). The greater slope did not always invariably lead to the greater runoff velocity. It was likely that there was other predictor variable that was not identified before, and need to be further investigated.
Maintaining the water consumption, in an urban system: A probabilistic approach is applied
Authors: Selmani Bouayoune Karima , Boudi El Mostapha , Bachir Aziz 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn urban system is influenced by many disruptions that may cause failures for it, in the end. In order to maintain continuity of its operations, analysis of its components operation becomes very necessary. To do this, water infrastructure is chosen from its components to analyze the evolution of the water flow, when the population consumes the drinking water. This infrastructure is essential for the urban system and it is used daily by the population. For examining how to maintain water consumption, the evolution of the discharge head (the maximum height reached by the pipe after the pump) is analyzed and monitored. This height is strongly linked to the drinking water rate. Using water is estimated by a Markov model and the futures heights are prevented. This prevention requires the calculation of the transition probability of the water flow used by the population. An example is provided, where it is determined the level of risk. Under this one, the urban system operates in security, against failures.
Application of green blue roof to mitigate heat island phenomena and resilient to climate change in urban areas: A case study from Seoul, Korea
Authors: Shafique Muhammad , Kim Reeho 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGreen blue roof has the potential to reduce the surface temperature of the building in the urban areas. Green blue roof is a new innovative low impact development (LID) practice that has exhibited an option to mitigate the heat island phenomena in urban area. This is the modified form of green roof that has ability to store rainwater in vegetation, soil layer and increases the evapotranspiration rate which decreases the temperature of an area. For this purpose, green blue roof is installed at the Cheong-un middle school building roof, Seoul, Korea. During the different time scenarios the surface temperature from the green blue roof and control roof were analyzed and their results were compared with each other. The results revealed that the surface temperature of green blue roof was much less as compared to control roof under same climatic conditions. From the results it is also concluded that surface temperature value of green blue roof was less than 5°C to 9°C as compared to control roof.
Signing not (or not): A typological perspective on standard negation in Sign Language of the Netherlands
Authors: Oomen Marloes , Pfau Roland 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe expression of standard negation by means of manual and/or non-manual markers has been described for a considerable number of sign languages. Typological comparisons have revealed an intriguing dichotomy: while some sign languages require a manual negative element in negative clauses (manual-dominant sign languages), in others negation can be realized by a non-manual marker alone (in particular a headshake; non-manual-dominant sign languages). We are here adding data from Sign Language of the Netherlands (NGT) to the picture, and we demonstrate that NGT belongs to the latter group. Still, detailed comparison suggests that NGT patterns differently from other non-manual-dominant sign languages, thereby improving our understanding of the typological variation in this domain. A novel contribution of the present study is that it is based on naturalistic corpus data, showing more variation than often found in elicitation and grammaticality judgment studies of sign languages, but also presenting new problems of interpretation.
Possessor dissension: Agreement mismatch in Ngumpin-Yapa possessive constructions
Authors: Meakins Felicity , Nordlinger Rachel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this article we describe a possessive construction in the Ngumpin-Yapa languages of Australia which has interesting implications for crosslinguistic models of agreement. In this “possessor dissension” construction, the possessor NP remains a modifier within the larger possessive NP, yet both the possessor and the possessum are cross-referenced with clause-level agreement morphology. Thus, there is a type of morphosyntactic disagreement (or dissension) between the syntactic position of the possessor as an NP-internal argument and its being agreed with at the clausal level as if it were a clausal argument. This phenomenon has had only limited mention in the typological literature, and has not previously been discussed for Australian languages. We discuss the properties of the construction, how it can be distinguished from other related construction types, and its implications for the typology of agreement.
PbS nanopowder – synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Suganya M. , Balu A.R. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Lead sulphide (PbS) nanopowder was synthesized by a simple soft chemical route using lead nitrate and thiourea as precursor salts. The as-synthesized nanopowder was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, PL, Raman and magnetic measurements. XRD studies reveal the polycrystalline nature of the powder. The powder exhibits face-centered cubic structure with a strong (2 0 0) preferential orientation. The presence of Pb and S in the powder is confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The peaks observed at 1112 cm-1 and at 606 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum are related to heteropolar diatomic molecules of PbS. The Raman peak shift at 173 cm-1 might have originated from the combination of longitudinal and transverse acoustic phonon modes associated with PbS crystal. The M-H loop confirms the paramagnetic nature of the as-synthesized PbS nanopowder. The nanopowder has significant antimicrobial activity against certain bacteria and fungi strains which make it suitable as antimicrobial agent against pathogenic microorganisms.
All-polymer whispering gallery mode sensor for application in optofluidics
Authors: Petermann Ann Britt , Roth Bernhard , Morgner Uwe , Meinhardt-Wollweber Merve 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMicrocavities such as spheres or rings are resonant optical sensors which support whispering gallery modes (WGMs). In recent years WGM based sensors have been continuously improved with respect to sensitivity and detection limit. The conventional method to measure physical as well as biological quantities using WGMs is to record the resonance shift of a single resonator. To ensure high sensitivity, resonators with high quality factors, expensive ultra narrow-line width tunable laser systems, and piezoelectric positioning are necessary. All these requirements hamper operation beyond the laboratory environment. To overcome these limitations in previous work we presented a small and completely polymer based measurement system. We use an array of microspheres with slightly different diameters, taking advantage of the fact that every single microsphere has a different resonance behaviour. Using many spheres instead of a single one relieves the high demands on resonator quality and allows using inexpensive polymer spheres instead of high quality resonators. Here we show, that a fixation of the spheres makes the device more robust with the result that the sensor is well suited for the determination of an unknown wavelength under different environmental conditions, for example in aqueous environment. This offers the possibility to use the sensor in microfluidics in the future.
Light Shaping with Holography, GPC and Holo-GPC
Authors: Bañas Andrew , Glückstad Jesper 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLight shaping techniques based on phase-only modulation offer multiple advantages over amplitude modulation. This review examines and compares the merits of two phase modulation techniques; phase-only computer generated holography and Generalized Phase Contrast (GPC). Both techniques are briefly presented while recent developments in GPC will also be covered. Furthermore, novel hybrid schemes that inherit merits from both holography and GPC are also covered. In particular, our most recent technique coined “Holo-GPC” will be discussed in addition to earlier hybrid techniques. We will discuss how Holo-GPC utilizes the simplicity of GPC in forming well-defined speckle-free shapes and the versatility of holography in distributing these shaped beams over an extended 3D volume. To conclude, we cite applications where the combined strengths of the two photon-efficient phase-only light shaping techniques open new possibilities.