bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying Lessons Learned To Minimize Overall Investment in Unconventional Plays
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: November 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 172973, USD 40 Billion Learning Curve: Leveraging Lessons Learned To Minimize the Overall Investment in Unconventional Plays,by C.N. Fredd, SPE, J.L. Daniels, SPE, and J.D. Baihly, SPE, Schlumberger, prepared for the 2015 SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition, Muscat, Oman, 26 - 28 January. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
The development of unconventional resources in North America was aided by the readily available infrastructure, water resources, expertise, and a general understanding of potential sweet spots caused by numerous well penetrations. Even with these favorable conditions, an estimated 40% of unconventional wells are uneconomical. This paper provides a retrospective assessment of the Barnett and Eagle Ford Shale plays to highlight lessons learned and the associated value of those learnings.
Introduction
Although horizontal drilling and multistage fracturing (MSF) have changed the economic viability of unconventional resources significantly, such drilling has also encountered a wide range of production variability. This nonideal production performance further leads to consumption of local resources such as water and proppant that are used in hydraulic-fracturing treatments. The poor economic performance of a high percentage of wells is the result of spatial variability in reservoir characteristics such as hydrocarbon in place, gas/oil ratio (GOR), and reservoir pressure; lateral heterogeneity along the wellbores; limited accuracy of well placement; and variability in drilling, completion, and stimulation practices.
The development of best practices and the learning curves associated with the Barnett and Eagle Ford Shale plays are detailed in the complete paper, as are the rationale and methodology for retrospective assessments of both plays.
Barnett Shale Retrospective Assessment
The retrospective assessment for the Barnett was simulated for five specified cases by use of the parameters summarized in Table 1 and the corresponding cost parameters summarized in Table 4 of the complete paper. This cost model was used to represent the average cost throughout the development. Hence, this retrospective assessment does not account for the actual variability in cost from year to year.
Prior Acute Mental Exertion in Exercise and Sport
Authors: Silva-Júnior Fernando Lopes e , Emanuel Patrick , Sousa Jordan , Silva Matheus , Teixeira Silmar , Oliveira Pires Flávio , Machado Sérgio , Arias-Carrion Oscar 
Published: November 2016

Introduction:Mental exertion is a psychophysiological state caused by sustained and prolonged cognitive activity. The understanding of the possible effects of acute mental exertion on physical performance, and their physiological and psychological responses are of great importance for the performance of different occupations, such as military, construction workers, athletes (professional or recreational) or simply practicing regular exercise, since these occupations often combine physical and mental tasks while performing their activities. However, the effects of implementation of a cognitive task on responses to aerobic exercise and sports are poorly understood. Our narrative review aims to provide information on the current research related to the effects of prior acute mental fatigue on physical performance and their physiological and psychological responses associated with exercise and sports.Methods:The literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and PsycInfo using the following terms and their combinations: “mental exertion”, “mental fatigue”, “mental fatigue and performance”, “mental exertion and sports” “mental exertion and exercise”.Results:We concluded that prior acute mental exertion affects effectively the physiological and psychophysiological responses during the cognitive task, and performance in exercise.Conclusion:Additional studies involving prior acute mental exertion, exercise/sports and physical performance still need to be carried out in order to analyze the physiological, psychophysiological and neurophysiological responses subsequently to acute mental exertion in order to identify cardiovascular factors, psychological, neuropsychological associates.
The Avise Lupus Test and Cell-bound Complement Activation Products Aid the Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Mossell James , Goldman John A. , Barken Derren , Alexander Roberta Vezza 
Published: November 2016

Background:
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted disease, and its diagnosis may be challenging. A blood test for the diagnosis of SLE, the Avise Lupus test, has been recently commercialized and validated in clinical studies.

Objectives:
To evaluate the use of the Avise Lupus test by community rheumatologists.

Methods:
The study is a longitudinal, case-control, retrospective review of medical charts. Cases had a positive test result, and controls had a negative result; all patients were anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) positive but negative for SLE-specific autoantibodies. Features of SLE, diagnosis, and medications at two time points were recorded.

Results:
Twenty of the 23 cases (87%) and 4 of the 23 controls (17%) were diagnosed with SLE (sensitivity=83%; specificity=86%). More cases than controls (43% vs. 17%) fulfilled 4 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria of SLE. Sensitivity of the test was significantly higher than the ACR score (83% vs. 42%, p=0.006). A higher percentage of patients who met the classification criteria had elevated cell-bound complement activation products (CB-CAPs) compared to patients who did not. Anti-rheumatic medications were used in a higher percentage of cases than controls (83% vs. 35% at baseline, p=0.002), suggesting that cases were treated more aggressively early on.

Conclusion:
A positive Avise Lupus test result aids in formulating a SLE diagnosis when diagnosis based on standard-of-care tests and clinical features may be challenging, and impacts patient management. Prospective studies will be performed to better evaluate the clinical utility of the test and of CB-CAPs as biomarkers of SLE.
Acute Kidney Injury in the Era of the AKI E-Alert
Authors: Holmes Jennifer , Rainer Timothy , Geen John , Roberts Gethin , May Kate , Wilson Nick , Williams John D. , Phillips Aled O. ,   on behalf of the Welsh AKI Steering Group
Published: October 2016

Background and objectives
Our aim was to use a national electronic AKI alert to define the incidence and outcome of all episodes of community– and hospital–acquired adult AKI.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
A prospective national cohort study was undertaken in a population of 3.06 million. Data were collected between March of 2015 and August of 2015. All patients with adult (≥18 years of age) AKI were identified to define the incidence and outcome of all episodes of community- and hospital-acquired AKI in adults. Mortality and renal outcomes were assessed at 90 days.

Results
There was a total of 31,601 alerts representing 17,689 incident episodes, giving an incidence of AKI of 577 per 100,000 population. Community-acquired AKI accounted for 49.3% of all incident episodes, and 42% occurred in the context of preexisting CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration eGFR); 90-day mortality rate was 25.6%, and 23.7% of episodes progressed to a higher AKI stage than the stage associated with the alert. AKI electronic alert stage and peak AKI stage were associated with mortality, and mortality was significantly higher for hospital-acquired AKI compared with alerts generated in a community setting. Among patients who survived to 90 days after the AKI electronic alert, those who were not hospitalized had a lower rate of renal recovery and a greater likelihood of developing an eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 for the first time, which may be indicative of development of de novo CKD.

Conclusions
The reported incidence of AKI is far greater than the previously reported incidence in studies reliant on clinical identification of adult AKI or hospital coding data. Although an electronic alert system is Information Technology driven and therefore, lacks intelligence and clinical context, these data can be used to identify deficiencies in care, guide the development of appropriate intervention strategies, and provide a baseline against which the effectiveness of these interventions may be measured.
Bypass surgery for complex middle cerebral artery aneurysms: an algorithmic approach to revascularization
Authors: Tayebi Meybodi Ali , Huang Wendy , Benet Arnau , Kola Olivia , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTManagement of complex aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) can be challenging. Lesions not amenable to endovascular techniques or direct clipping might require a bypass procedure with aneurysm obliteration. Various bypass techniques are available, but an algorithmic approach to classifying these lesions and determining the optimal bypass strategy has not been developed. The objective of this study was to propose a comprehensive and flexible algorithm based on MCA aneurysm location for selecting the best of multiple bypass options.METHODSAneurysms of the MCA that required bypass as part of treatment were identified from a large prospectively maintained database of vascular neurosurgeries. According to its location relative to the bifurcation, each aneurysm was classified as a prebifurcation, bifurcation, or postbifurcation aneurysm.RESULTSBetween 1998 and 2015, 30 patients were treated for 30 complex MCA aneurysms in 8 (27%) prebifurcation, 5 (17%) bifurcation, and 17 (56%) postbifurcation locations. Bypasses included 8 superficial temporal artery–MCA bypasses, 4 high-flow extracranial-to-intracranial (EC-IC) bypasses, 13 IC-IC bypasses (6 reanastomoses, 3 reimplantations, 3 interpositional grafts, and 1 in situ bypass), and 5 combination bypasses. The bypass strategy for prebifurcation aneurysms was determined by the involvement of lenticulostriate arteries, whereas the bypass strategy for bifurcation aneurysms was determined by rupture status. The location of the MCA aneurysm in the candelabra (Sylvian, insular, or opercular) determined the bypass strategy for postbifurcation aneurysms. No deaths that resulted from surgery were found, bypass patency was 90%, and the condition of 90% of the patients was improved or unchanged at the most recent follow-up.CONCLUSIONSThe bypass strategy used for an MCA aneurysm depends on the aneurysm location, lenticulostriate anatomy, and rupture status. A uniform bypass strategy for all MCA aneurysms does not exist, but the algorithm proposed here might guide selection of the optimal EC-IC or IC-IC bypass technique.
L’épreuve de la tolérance
Authors: M.Scanlon Thomas , Spitz Jean-Fabien 
Published: November 2016

Résumé « L’Épreuve de la tolérance » porte non seulement sur la liberté d’expression, mais aussi sur d’autres formes d’activités qui affectent la nature de la société en influençant les croyances et les actions d’autrui. L’article développe en particulier l’idée d’une « politique informelle », et son objet principal est le coût engendré par certains droits généralement reconnus, mais dont le caractère indéfini pose problème. Accepter la possibilité que la société puisse être modifiée par les activités de certaines personnes et de certains groupes dont on ne partage pas les valeurs comporte en effet certains risques. Je défends l’idée selon laquelle l’acceptation de ces risques est la contrepartie du fait de reconnaître ses concitoyens comme des membres égaux de la société, habilités à jouer un rôle dans l’évolution de cette société.
Professionnels : mieux comprendre pour mieux servir
Authors: Paré-Julien Denise 
Published: November 2016

Les entreprises familiales sont épaulées par une multitude de professionnels de tous les horizons. Pourtant, leurs défis sont exacerbés par la dimension familiale de leur organisation. Comment les professionnels peuvent-ils intégrer cet aspect pour mieux les aider ?
Gérez vos projets de A à Z grâce aux cartes mentales
Authors: Delengaigne Xavier 
Published: November 2016

Comment gérez-vous les projets de votre entreprise ? Avec un peu de chance, vous disposez de méthodes détaillées et de logiciels onéreux pour les mener à bien, mais vous vous sentez sans doute un peu démuni malgré tout. Heureusement, la cartographie mentale (ou mind mapping ) va vous aider à réussir vos projets dans les délais impartis.
Impasses ideologiques et therapies familiales
Authors: Taliana Nicole 
Published: November 2016

Lorsque dans notre pratique de thérapeutes familiaux, nous rencontrons un couple ou un groupe familial en prise avec une idéologie (en tout cas que nous percevons comme tel) et que ce groupe incarne cette idéologie, en est pétri dans ses rapports les plus intimes, comment le dispositif de thérapie tel que nous l’avons pensé peut-il accueillir, contenir et traiter les effets et manifestations de cette idéologie dans les liens familiaux ?	Comment cette idéologie peut-elle être un « contenant du négatif » familial et transgénérationnel donnant (paradoxalement) forme et enveloppe à une désorganisation des liens ? Comment vient-elle rencontrer l’idéologie des thérapeutes familiaux et celle de l’institution dans laquelle ils exercent et dont ils sont parties constituantes ? Comment « faire avec » en tenant compte de sa temporalité, se décaler, accompagner le groupe familial dans une perspective d’individuation non traumatique ?	C’est par la présentation d’une vignette clinique composée de trois entretiens préliminaires de thérapie familiale que nous tenterons de poser les bases d’une réflexion clinique et thérapeutique des liens familiaux en souffrance sous le sceau d’une idéologie.
Microcrédit et développement territorial à petite échelle
Authors: Bredelet Cécile , Ferguène Améziane 
Published: October 2016

Les auteurs se proposent d’étudier les relations entre microcrédit et développement territorial, qui ont en commun de viser un développement socio-économique basé sur les efforts et les ressources propres des bénéficiaires. De nombreuses études indiquent que le microcrédit, s’il a une utilité, est loin de constituer un outil miracle en matière de lutte contre la pauvreté et de développement. Qu’en est-il lorsqu’il est mis en œuvre dans des territoires particulièrement défavorisés ? Trois projets menés au Maroc de 2006 à 2011, et fondés en partie sur ce mode de financement, offrent l’opportunité d’étudier la pertinence de cet outil, ainsi que l’influence de la petite taille du territoire concerné. Il ressort de ces expériences que le microcrédit n’était pas la formule idéale pour toucher des populations très pauvres, au revenu irrégulier. La petite taille du territoire cible a constitué quant à elle, une contrainte supplémentaire pour la réussite du programme de microcrédit.
Le groupement d’employeurs
Authors: Everaere Christophe 
Published: October 2016

L’Accord National Interprofessionnel (ANI) du 11 janvier 2013 a mis en lumière l’importance et l’actualité des enjeux qui entourent la question des emplois atypiques induits par la recherche simultanée de flexibilité pour les entreprises, et de sécurité professionnelle pour les individus ; autrement dit, la « flexicurité », selon le néologisme inventé il y a une dizaine d’années. Dans la palette des emplois atypiques existe un dispositif relativement peu connu qui est le groupement d’employeurs. Deux questions guident notre analyse. Cette forme d’emploi atypique vise à procurer de la flexibilité pour les entreprises utilisatrices, tout en évitant la précarité pour les individus concernés ; ce double objectif est-il atteint ? La deuxième question vise à comprendre pourquoi cette forme d’emploi atypique, réputée pourtant sécurisante, demeure aussi marginale en volume de personnes concernées, à la différence de l’intérim.
La loi sur le renseignement
Authors: Desbois Dominique , Vétois Jacques 
Published: October 2016

Bien que cette longue interview de la secrétaire générale du Syndicat de la Magistrature date d'octobre 2015, il nous semble nécessaire de la publier tant le vote de la loi sur le renseignement suite aux attentats du 11 janvier 2015 ouvre une période sombre pour ce qui reste d'institutions démocratiques à la société française. En effet, cette loi sur le renseignement institue une mise en surveillance totale de la société, concédant des pouvoirs exorbitants de contrôle de l'espace privé (poses de micros, IMSI catcher, captation de données informatiques archivées ..) et de fouille dans l’espace public tout en affaiblissant les droits fondamentaux du justiciable. Cette loi est le socle juridique d'une politique du « tout sécuritaire » dont il faut craindre qu'elle ne serve d'abord les ennemis d'une société démocratique ouverte à l'altérité. Depuis d’autres textes se sont ajoutés à l'arsenal sécuritaire confirmant le recul du droit devant les illusions d’une société à la recherche comme souvent dans les périodes difficiles de son histoire, d’un homme (ou d’une femme) providentiel.
Négocier (avec) la surveillance électronique
Authors: Chaulet Johann , Allaria Camille 
Published: October 2016

Notre article entend questionner les contournements et négociations auxquels les systèmes de surveillance équipés par les TIC donnent lieu, ainsi que leur éventuelle portée critique. Nous mobilisons ici les données ethnographiques recueillies sur deux terrains d’enquête : un centre d’appels téléphoniques et un pôle de surveillance électronique des condamnés. Nous examinons la façon dont les individus surveillés « jouent » avec les interstices normatifs de ces dispositifs en démystifiant le matériel de surveillance, voire en le manipulant de façon à détourner les traces numériques. Ces systèmes sociotechniques de surveillance ne permettent pas de réduire totalement l’incertitude concernant la situation du surveillé et son activité. Cette incertitude est mobilisée par les surveillés pour contourner le dispositif ou produire de la conformité. Enfin, la discussion traitera de la portée critique limitée que ces pratiques de négociation semblent revêtir. En effet, ce sont sur les conditions concrètes de la surveillance que porte la négociation bien plus que sur les principes sur lesquels, elles reposent.
Age-Specific Adjuvant Synergy: Dual TLR7/8 and Mincle Activation of Human Newborn Dendritic Cells Enables Th1 Polarization
Authors: van Haren Simon D. , Dowling David J. , Foppen Willemina , Christensen Dennis , Andersen Peter , Reed Steven G. , Hershberg Robert M. , Baden Lindsey R. , Levy Ofer 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Due to functionally distinct cell-mediated immunity, newborns and infants are highly susceptible to infection with intracellular pathogens. Indeed, neonatal Ag-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) demonstrate impaired Th1 responses to many candidate adjuvants, including most TLR agonists (TLRAs). Combination adjuvantation systems may provide enhanced immune activation but have typically been developed without regard to the age of the target population. We posited that distinct combinations of TLRAs and C-type lectin receptor agonists may enhance Th1 responses of newborn DCs. TLRA/C-type lectin receptor agonist combinations were screened for enhancement of TNF production by human newborn and adult monocyte-derived DCs cultured in 10% autologous plasma or in newborn cord, infant, adult, and elderly whole blood. Monocyte-derived DC activation was characterized by targeted gene expression analysis, caspase-1 and NF-κB studies, cytokine multiplex and naive autologous CD4+ T cell activation. Dual activation of newborn DCs via the C-type lectin receptor, macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (trehalose-6,6-dibehenate), and TLR7/8 (R848) greatly enhanced caspase-1 and NF-κB activation, Th1 polarizing cytokine production and autologous Th1 polarization. Combined activation via TLR4 (glycopyranosyl lipid adjuvant aqueous formulation) and Dectin-1 (β-glucan peptide) acted synergistically in newborns and adults, but to a lesser extent. The degree of synergy varied dramatically with age, and was the greatest in newborns and infants with less synergy in adults and elders. Overall, combination adjuvant systems demonstrate markedly different immune activation with age, with combined DC activation via Macrophage-inducible C-type lectin and TLR7/8 representing a novel approach to enhance the efficacy of early-life vaccines.
Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper Protein Controls Macropinocytosis in Dendritic Cells
Authors: Calmette Joseph , Bertrand Matthieu , Vétillard Mathias , Ellouze Mehdi , Flint Shaun , Nicolas Valérie , Biola-Vidamment Armelle , Pallardy Marc , Morand Eric , Bachelerie Françoise , Godot Véronique , Schlecht-Louf Géraldine 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Ag sampling is a key process in dendritic cell (DC) biology. DCs use constitutive macropinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and phagocytosis to capture exogenous Ags for presentation to T cells. We investigated the mechanisms that regulate Ag uptake by DCs in the steady-state and after a short-term LPS exposure in vitro and in vivo. We show that the glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper protein (GILZ), already known to regulate effector versus regulatory T cell activation by DCs, selectively limits macropinocytosis, but not receptor-mediated phagocytosis, in immature and recently activated DCs. In vivo, the GILZ-mediated inhibition of Ag uptake is restricted to the CD8α+ DC subset, which expresses the highest GILZ level among splenic DC subsets. In recently activated DCs, we further establish that GILZ limits p38 MAPK phosphorylation, providing a possible mechanism for GILZ-mediated macropinocytosis control. Finally, our results demonstrate that the modulation of Ag uptake by GILZ does not result in altered Ag presentation to CD4 T cells but impacts the efficiency of cross-presentation to CD8 T cells. Altogether, our results identify GILZ as an endogenous inhibitor of macropinocytosis in DCs, the action of which contributes to the fine-tuning of Ag cross-presentation.