bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and functional outcomes after a trial of an mTOR inhibitor in an adolescent with neuropsychiatric sequelae of TSC
Authors: Lachman A. , van de Merwe C. , De Vries P. 
Published: May 2016

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic autosomal dominant condition with multi-organ involvement and highly variable clinical manifestations. Neurological manifestations (subependymal nodules, cortical tubers, and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas [SEGAs]) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality leading to cognitive impairment, behavioural disturbances and refractory seizure disorders. Experimental and human evidence suggest that the use of mTOR inhibitors may induce regression of TSC tumor types and provide an alternative to surgical resection of SEGA's. In the EXIST-1 trial everolimus (mTORi) was associated with clinically meaningful increases in the time to progression of subependymal giant cell astrocytomas and skin lesion response rate compared with placebo. We present a case of a 16-year-old girl (MM) referred with neuropsychiatric sequelae including disruptive and dangerous behaviours not responding to outpatient management. Multiple trials of anti-convulsants and antipsychotic treatments achieved poor responses. During admission to a state facility, MM had several seizures followed by aggressive outbursts, inappropriate behaviour and confusion. Her intrusiveness, sexual disinhibition and lack of response inhibition suggested frontal lobe dysfunction impacting on executive functioning. Despite seizure control being optimized to an acceptable rate with anticonvulsants, improvement in social or cognitive functioning was limited. She required individual constant supervision for personal safety and independent functioning. A trial of mTor inhibitor was initiated, and achieved an improvement in cognitive, social and psychiatric functioning. This report will discuss the challenges in this complex case, and report on baseline as well as 6month post medication outcomes measured by radiological, functional and cognitive testing.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
How does psychotropic medication consent work for youth in foster care
Authors: Pataki C. , Thompson C. , Crecelius G. , Tesoro J. , Polsky G. , Kambam P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionIt is well known that youth in foster care are at high risk for psychiatric disorders, recently reported in up to 89%, with over 55% exhibiting ADHD in one sample (Linares et al., 2013). Psychotropic medication use was reported in 59% of foster care youth within a 2-month period (Brenner et al., 2013). The psychotropic medication consent process in Los Angeles for dependent children is multidisciplinary, starting with the treating psychiatrist's written authorization request to Children's Dependency Court. Once received, it is distributed to the child's attorney, social worker, and Juvenile Court Mental Health Service (JCMHS). JCMHS reviews and provides recommendations to the judicial officer who ultimately approves, modifies, or denies consent.ObjectivesTo present the steps and reasoning in the process of review, consultation, recommendations and decisions in psychotropic medication consent for dependent youth.AimsTo provide an understanding of the multidisciplinary review process involved in determining psychotropic medication consent in foster care youth.MethodPresentation of a timeline, forms and guidelines used in the process including the “Psychotropic Medication Authorization Form” (PMA) (Judicial Council of California, 2008).ResultsCategories of recommendations and approvals provided to the judicial officer will be presented and rationales for in-person consultations.ConclusionThe psychotropic medication consent process for foster care youth is a complex multidisciplinary process which includes a clinically significant set of recommendations from JCMHS to the judicial officer to aid in making informed decisions regarding psychotropic medication.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
PCP analogues in samples of Barcelona from 2009 to 2015
Authors: Angelats M. , Galindo L. , Grifell M. , Palma Á. , Martínez L. , Pujol L. , Ventura M. , Fornís I. , Torrens M. , Farré M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionNovel psychoactive substances (NPS) use is progressively increasing year on year. The new analogues of phencyclidine are frequently sold as legal dissociative anesthetic drug with hallucinogenic and sedative effects, a legal alternative to ketamine, acting as a high affinity and selective ligand of NMDA receptor antagonists.ObjectivesTo describe the presence of 3- and 4-MeO-PCP in samples delivered to Energy Control from 2009 to 2015 in Spain.MethodsA total of 21,198 samples were analyzed from august 2009 to august 2015. Only those samples containing 4-MeO-PCP or 3-MeO-PCP were studied. They were analyzed by Energy Control, a Spanish harm reduction NGO that offers the possibility of analyzing the substances that users report. Analysis was done by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.ResultsAll the samples resulted to be the acquired drug of the consumer. Three samples were adulterated with substances as tramadol, cocaine, acetone among others.ConclusionsThree and 4-MeO-PCP consumption is not found to be an emerging issue according to the results of our samples. Even the potential harmful effects of these dissociative drugs, our indirect indicator seems to show that consumption has not increased. A more precise monitoring would make a better approach to the real consumption and the impact of these substances in our society.Disclosure of interestThe authors declare that they have no competing interest.
Emotional and behavioral functioning among 10–14-year-old children who were very low birth weight at birth
Authors: Serrano Villar M. , Barga P. , Coronado A. , Alcami M. , Ortiz A. , Ares S. , Omenaca F. , Bravo Ortiz M.F. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveThis study examined the emotional and behavioral functioning among 10–14 year-old children who were born with very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500).MethodProspective and cross-sectional study of 90 VLBW (<1500 g) survivors born at the Hospital Universitario la Paz in Madrid, Spain, from 2000 to 2005 who were assessed by interviewers using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Parents also reported on their children's functioning. Children who showed an abnormal SDQ score on the total difficulties subscale or who had psychiatric history were also assessed using the K-SADS-PL.ResultsThe proportion of children with abnormal-self-rated-SDQ scores was as follows: almost 25% of children showed an abnormal score on hyperactivity, nearly 15% on emotional problems, 15% on conduct problems and 10% on peer problems. Overall, 15% of children showed an abnormal score on the total difficulties subscale. Most children (99%) showed a normal score on the prosocial subscale. These proportions were higher when the questionnaire was rated by parents. Thirty-eight percent of children were assessed using the K-SADS and very few of them meet the criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder. Biomedical variables were associated in the expected direction to children's SDQ scores such as birth weight, head circumference and Apgar scores.ConclusionTo conclude, being born with very low birth weight seems to be related to the emotional and behavioral functioning that these children appear to show between 10 and 15 years later.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Advantages of telepsychiatry in child and adolescent mental health
Authors: Szeftel R. , Piacentini L. , Pataki C. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionTelepsychiatry is increasingly utiilized to evaluate and treat diagnostically and geographically diverse youth. (Szeftel et al., 2012; Hilty et al., 2013). Important public health implications arise for US psychiatrically ill youth, most of whom receive no treatment, others depend on pediatricians without input from a child psychiatrist (Goldstein and Myers, 2014). Potential advantages of telepsychiatry include increased access to care from child psychiatrists directly, and through collaborations with pediatricians, and uniquely positive response in patients more communicative in this setting (Pakyrek et al., 2010).Objectives– To present the effectiveness of Telepsychiatry in psychiatrically ill youth, and specific subgroups who especially benefit.– To show increased access to psychiatric care occurs through collaborations between child psychiatrists and pediatricians.AimsTo present the advantages of telepsychiatry for child and adolescent mental health and clinicians.MethodsReview of selected published Telepsychiatric evidence-based research and best practice recommendations.Results– Psychiatrically ill youth are effectively evaluated and treated using Telepsychiatry (Myers et al. (2011), Hilty et al., 2013).– Very young children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders, or anxiety disorders respond particularly positively to Telepsychiatry (Szeftel et al., 2012; Pakyuerek et al., 2010: Myers et al., 2010).– Telepsychiatry provides increased access to care through collaborations between child psychiatrists and pediatricians (Goldstein and Myers, 2014; Myers et al., 2011).ConclusionTelepsychiatry is a promising advantageous modality for youth based on effectiveness, broad administration and unique benefit for very young and socially impaired youth.References not available.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Presentation of the Comprehensive and Brief International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Sets (ICF-CS) for schizophrenia
Authors: Pino O. , Guilera G. , Rojo E. , Gómez-Benito J. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveThe aim this presentation is present the results of the preparatory studies were presented at an international consensus conference, a multi-stage, iterative, decision-making and consensus process that took place 12–14 May 2015 in Barcelona, Spain. At this consensus conference, schizophrenia experts from different countries worldwide and working in a broad range of professions decided which ICF categories should be included in the first version of the ICF Core Sets for schizophrenia.MethodFour preliminary studies intend to capture the researcher's perspective, the patient's perspective, the expert's perspective and the clinician's perspective, respectively, on the most relevant aspects of functioning of persons living with schizophrenia. The final definition of ICF Core Sets for schizophrenia have been determined by integrating the results of preliminary studies in a consensus conference with international expert.ResultThe experts included 97 categories in the Comprehensive ICF Core Set and 25 categories in the Brief ICF-CS. The specific categories of each ICF-CS are shown in this presentation. The Comprehensive ICF-CS can guide multidisciplinary assessments of functioning in persons with schizophrenia, and the brief version is ideal for use in both clinical and epidemiological research, since it includes a small and practical number of categories, but sufficiently wide for finding utility in clinical assessments.ConclusionICF-CS are being designed with the goal of providing useful standards for research, clinical practice and teaching, and it will stimulate research and will improve understanding of functioning, health and environmental factors in schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Presence and evolution of a new psychoactive tryptamines branch
Authors: Palma Conesa Á. , Galindo Guarin L. , Grifell Guardia M. , Quintana Mathe P. , Gil Lladanosa C. , Fornís Espinosa I. , Ventura Vilamala M. , Torrens Melich M. , Farré Albaladejo M. , Fonseca Casals M.F. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionNew psychoactive substances (NPS) are substances that have recently appeared on the market and are not under international control. NPS use is experiencing an unprecedented increase. DiPT, 4-HO-DiPT and 4-AcO-DiPT are new psychoactive tryptamines and their effects may differ from those of other psychoactive tryptamines.ObjectiveTo explore the presence of DiPT, 4-HO-DiPT and 4-AcO-DiPT from samples delivered to and analyzed by Spanish harm reduction service Energy Control.Materials and methodsAll samples analyzed from 2009 to 2014 delivered as DiPT, 4-HO-DiPT and 4-AcO-DPT or containing these substances. Analysis was performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.ResultsFrom 17,432 samples, 4-HO-DiPT was found in 16, delivered as 4-HO-DiPT (6); 4-AcO-DiPT (7); DiPT (1); 4-AcO-DMT (1) and cocaine (1). 4-AcO-DiPT was found in 16, delivered as 4-AcO-DiPT (12); 5-MeO-DMT (1); 5-MeO-DiPT (1); 4-AcO-DMT (1) and cocaine (1). Only 4 samples contained DiPT, all presented as DiPT. Nine samples contained both 4-AcO-DiPT and 4-HO-DiPT. During the years of study, 4-HO-DiPT deliverance was increasing (4 samples in 2014) while deliverance of 4-AcO-DiPT and DiPT was decreasing (1 sample in 2014).ConclusionsIncreasing 4-HO-DiPT presence could translate a progressive replacement of 4-AcO-DiPT and DiPT recreational use. Clinical relevance comes from its growing use and the absence of scientific evidence on humans, therefore relying on users subjective experience to predict the effects.Disclosure of interestThe authors declare that they have no competing interest.
Instructional influence on learning and decision making with respect to cognitive functioning
Authors: Frydecka D. , Drapała J. , Misiak B. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionHumans learn how to behave both through rules and instructions (explicit learning) as well as through environmental experiences (implicit learning). It has been shown that instructions can powerfully control people's choices, often leading to a confirmation bias.AimTo explore confirmation bias with respect to cognitive functioning in healthy adult participants.MethodsWe recruited 25 healthy adult control subjects (9 males, 16 females, age 31.40 ± 6.08 years). Participants completed Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Status (RBANSS) as well as Instructed Version of Probabilistic Selection Task (IPST) (Doll et al., 2009).ResultsBased on the performance on IPST into two groups: a group with higher and lower susceptibility to confirmation bias. We found no difference between these groups with respect to any of the cognitive domains measured with RBANSS (immediate memory, visuospatial abilities, language, attention and delayed memory) (U Mann-Whitney test, P > 0.05).ConclusionIn healthy adults, susceptibility to confirmation bias is independent of cognitive functioning (immediate and delayed memory, visuospatial abilities, language and attention).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Tardive dyskinesia: When one should suspect of another diagnosis?
Authors: Almendra R. , Figueiredo A.R. , Espirito Santo V. , Almeida A. , Guimarães P. , Velon A.G. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionTardive dyskinesia is a collection of symptoms related to the side effects of neuroleptic medications that can mimic other types of disorders. Accurate diagnosis can be challenging, as there is no single test for tardive dyskinesia.Case reportFemale patient, 64 years old, with personal history of Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia and psychosis since forth decade, currently medicated with quetiapine 350 mg/day, risperidone IM 50 mg 15/15 days and trazodone 150 mg/day (previously medicated with haloperidol, amisulpride and olanzapine). She started with involuntary movements interpreted as tardive dyskinesia after 2 years on neuroleptic treatment. The difficult control of involuntary movements motivated the reference to ambulatory Neurology department. The review of personal history suggested a family history of involuntary movements and psychiatric illness. Physical examination showed generalized choreic movements. The analytical and imagiologic study was unremarkable. The presence of family history and involuntary movements atypical to be classified as tardive dyskinesia supported a genetic test for Huntington's disease who detected a CAG expansion with 43 repetitions in HTT gene. Despite treatment with amantadine and riluzole she maintains disease progression and evident cognitive deterioration.ConclusionThe diagnostic process of involuntary movements may involve more than one physician and requires the review of a detailed medical history, a physical examination and a neuropsychological evaluation in order to determine whether one is indeed suffering from tardive dyskinesia or a different neurological disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Quality of life in patients with asthma
Authors: Ennaoui R. , Turki M. , Moussa N. , Sellami S. , Halouani N. , Gassara I. , Hamza N. , Aloulou J. , Kammoun S. , Amami O. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionQuality of life (QoL) is a complex concept that depends on many factors such as life style, past experiences, expectations, future plans and ambitions. It may be altered in patients suffering from chronic disease.ObjectivesAssess QoL in patients with asthma as well as associated factors.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study, including 30 patients followed for asthma at pulmonary outpatient department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. Asthma control level was evaluated by the Asthma Control Test (ACT). QoL was assessed using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), that contains 36 questions grouped into 8 domains (D1: Physical Functioning, D2: Role limitations due to physical problems, D3: Bodily Pain, D4: General Health, D5: Vitality, D6: Social Functioning, D7: Role limitations due to emotional problems and D8: Mental Health).ResultsThe mean age was 51 ans. The mean duration of disease was 11 years. The average ACT score was 16.8 points. Asthma was uncontrolled in 1/3 of patients. The mean of average overall scores SF-36 was 46.22. QoL was altered in 83.3% of patients. The most altered domains were D8 followed by D7then D4 and D2. The average overall score SF-36 was correlated to ACT score (P < 0.001), early age of onset of the disease (P = 0.049) and poor asthma control (P < 0.001). Altered QoL was associated to advanced age (P = 0.016), long duration of disease (P < 0.001) and low ACT score (P = 0.034).ConclusionOptimum asthma and associated comorbidities support would improve control and therefore the patient's quality of life.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Study of sleep disturbances in patients with alcohol abuse or dependence
Authors: García Mahía M.D.C. , Fernández Quintana Á. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPrevious studies inform that psychiatric patients often report problems with their sleep and alcohol increase sleep disturbances.AimsTo analyze the prevalence of sleep disturbances in patients diagnosed of Alcohol Abuse or Dependence and to study clinical and sociodemographic variables associated with sleep disorders.MethodsThe sample is composed of a randomized sample of patients diagnosed of Alcohol Abuse or Dependence following DSM-IV-TR criteria and treated in a Mental Health Clinic in a period of 3 years. Medical records were reviewed. Quality and patterns of sleep were evaluated using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) with a cut-off point 5-6.ResultsA total of 102 patients were included in the study, 69% were male and 31% were female. Mean age 39.4 years (SD 9.26).Sleep disorders were found in 91.6% of patients. The most altered subscales in the overall sample were the Use of Sleeping Medication and Sleep Disturbances. Women presented worse sleep quality compared to men (P < 0.01) with higher number of altered subscales. The most altered subscales in women were Subjective Sleep Quality (P < 0.005) and Sleep Disturbances (P < 0.02).Comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders and other clinical and sociodemographic variables are analyzed.ConclusionsSleep disorders have high prevalence in patients with alcohol abuse of dependence, especially in women and patients with other psychiatric comorbidity. Poor quality sleep may have a powerful impact on the global functioning and prognosis of these groups of psychiatric patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dual pathology in users of early intervention program in psychosis
Authors: Girela Serrano B. , Guerrero Jiménez M. , Carrillo de Albornoz Calahorro C.M. , Rodrigo Manzano J.A. , Martínez García O.B. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe existence of independent services and facilities for mental health and for addictions in Andalusia stand in the way of addressing dual pathology. The strong comorbidity between substance use and early psychosis has been deeply studied in recent literature. The aim of this paper is to analyse a group of consumers in the First Episode Psychosis Program (FEP) to address the lack of the actual interventions performed.MethodsDescriptive statistical analysis of demographic and clinical variables of a group with drug consumption (n = 17) is compared to a non-consumer group (n = 7).ResultsOur sample of patients included, consumers who represent 71% of the sample. All consumers were users of cannabis or derivatives and 35% of consumers were diagnosed at some point of Toxic psychosis. Only 23% received care in drug addiction centers. They have less education. The duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is greater than in non-users and only 35% of the cases were detected in Primary Care. PANSS with higher scores. Greater differences in general psychopathology. The Social Functioning Scale (SFS) were worse in the Isolation scale. The Family Questionnaire (FQ) showed more difficulties in the family setting. Finally the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) gives an average of 8 points lower (severe symptoms).DiscussionWe would like to point out the low percentage of users who receive specialized care for their addiction. Better collaboration with Primary Care is required to improve the capacity of detection to reduce the time slot of untreated symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Huntington's disease-comorbidity
Authors: Ortega Garcia M. , Marti Garnica V. , Martinez Martinez C. , Blanco del Valle P. , Gómez Martinez R. , Garcia Acebes P. , Garcia Marin S. , Franch Pato C. 
Published: May 2016

Huntington's Korea or Huntington's disease is a pathology of the nervous central system that provokes involuntary movements those who are named Korea or San Vito's evil, changes of conduct, psychiatric alterations and dementia. It thinks that it is a slightly frequent disease among the caucasian ones (1 every 100,000 or 200,000 persons), except in Venezuela that has the highest rate of the world (1 every 10,000). It is named badly of San Vito because he was the saint, the one that was evoked to treat this type of disease. It is a neurodegenerative disease and is accompanied of atrophy of the fluted body and loss of neurons on decrease of neurotransmitters. Members’ spasmodic movements and facial muscles as dance, uncoordination motorboat. These movements woke fear and superstition up in an epoch. Alterations motorboats attitude, march and abnormal movements. Loss of weight for faults in swallowing besides the loss of calories (approximately 4000 daily ones for the constant movement). Not only it is a disease motorboat, the patient loses aptitude to communicate and dies in 10-15 years. There are psychiatric symptoms as the depression, changes of personality, decrease of intellectual capacity and suicide. Let's sense beforehand a clinical case of a 69-year-old patient with psychiatric depressive precedents of years of evolution with treatment psychopharmacology and worsening in last 2 years. Treatment is prescribed with antipsychotic and before a not well-taken quake, is studied by neurology who diagnoses Huntington's disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.