bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodic-Zone Model Predictive Control for Diurnal Closed-Loop Operation of an Artificial Pancreas
Authors: Gondhalekar Ravi , Dassau Eyal , Zisser Howard C. , Doyle Francis J. 
Published: June 2016

Background: The objective of this research is an artificial pancreas (AP) that performs automatic regulation of blood glucose levels in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This article describes a control strategy that performs algorithmic insulin dosing for maintaining safe blood glucose levels over prolonged, overnight periods of time and furthermore was designed with outpatient, multiday deployment in mind. Of particular concern is the prevention of nocturnal hypoglycemia, because during sleep, subjects cannot monitor themselves and may not respond to alarms. An AP intended for prolonged and unsupervised outpatient deployment must strategically reduce the risk of hypoglycemia during times of sleep, without requiring user interaction. Methods: A diurnal insulin delivery strategy based on predictive control methods is proposed. The so-called “periodic-zone model predictive control” (PZMPC) strategy employs periodically time-dependent blood glucose output target zones and furthermore enforces periodically time-dependent insulin input constraints to modulate its behavior based on the time of day. Results: The proposed strategy was evaluated through an extensive simulation-based study and a preliminary clinical trial. Results indicate that the proposed method delivers insulin more conservatively during nighttime than during daytime while maintaining safe blood glucose levels at all times. In clinical trials, the proposed strategy delivered 77% of the amount of insulin delivered by a time-invariant control strategy; specifically, it delivered on average 1.23 U below, compared with 0.31 U above, the nominal basal rate overnight while maintaining comparable, and safe, blood glucose values. Conclusions: The proposed PZMPC algorithm strategically prevents nocturnal hypoglycemia and is considered a significant step toward deploying APs into outpatient environments for extended periods of time in full closed-loop operation.
Evaluation of the Effects of Insufficient Blood Volume Samples on the Performance of Blood Glucose Self-Test Meters
Authors: Pfützner Andreas , Schipper Christina , Ramljak Sanja , Flacke Frank , Sieber Jochen , Forst Thomas , Musholt Petra B. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Accuracy of blood glucose readings is (among other things) dependent on the test strip being completely filled with sufficient sample volume. The devices are supposed to display an error message in case of incomplete filling. This laboratory study was performed to test the performance of 31 commercially available devices in case of incomplete strip filling. Methods: Samples with two different glucose levels (60–90 and 300–350 mg/dl) were used to generate three different sample volumes: 0.20 μl (too low volume for any device), 0.32 μl (borderline volume), and 1.20 μl (low but supposedly sufficient volume for all devices). After a point-of-care capillary reference measurement (StatStrip, NovaBiomedical), the meter strip was filled (6x) with the respective volume, and the response of the meters (two devices) was documented (72 determinations/meter type). Correct response was defined as either an error message indicating incomplete filling or a correct reading (±20% compared with reference reading). Results: Only five meters showed 100% correct responses [BGStar and iBGStar (both Sanofi), ACCU-CHEK Compact+ and ACCU-CHEK Mobile (both Roche Diagnostics), OneTouch Verio (LifeScan)]. The majority of the meters (17) had up to 10% incorrect reactions [predominantly incorrect readings with sufficient volume; Precision Xceed and Xtra, FreeStyle Lite, and Freedom Lite (all Abbott); GlucoCard+ and GlucoMen GM (both Menarini); Contour, Contour USB, and Breeze2 (all Bayer); OneTouch Ultra Easy, Ultra 2, and Ultra Smart (all LifeScan); Wellion Dialog and Premium (both MedTrust); FineTouch (Terumo); ACCU-CHEK Aviva (Roche); and GlucoTalk (Axis-Shield)]. Ten percent to 20% incorrect reactions were seen with OneTouch Vita (LifeScan), ACCU-CHEK Aviva Nano (Roche), OmniTest+ (BBraun), and AlphaChek+ (Berger Med). More than 20% incorrect reactions were obtained with Pura (Ypsomed), GlucoCard Meter and GlucoMen LX (both Menarini), Elite (Bayer), and MediTouch (Medisana). Conclusions: In summary, partial and incomplete blood filling of glucose meter strips is often associated with inaccurate reading. These findings underline the importance of appropriate patient education on this aspect of blood glucose self-monitoring.
Predicting Glucose Sensor Behavior in Blood Using Transport Modeling: Relative Impacts of Protein Biofouling and Cellular Metabolic Effects
Authors: Novak Matthew T. , Yuan Fan , Reichert William M. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Tissue response to indwelling glucose sensors remains a confounding barrier to clinical application. While the effects of fully formed capsular tissue on sensor response have been studied, little has been done to understand how tissue interactions occurring before capsule formation hinder sensor performance. Upon insertion in subcutaneous tissue, the sensor is initially exposed to blood, blood borne constituents, and interstitial fluid. Using human whole blood as a simple ex vivo experimental system, the effects of protein accumulation at the sensor surface (biofouling effects) and cellular consumption of glucose in both the biofouling layer and in the bulk (metabolic effects) on sensor response were assessed. Methods: Medtronic MiniMed SofSensor glucose sensors were incubated in whole blood, plasma-diluted whole blood, and cell-free platelet-poor plasma (PPP) to analyze the impact of different blood constituents on sensor function. Experimental conditions were then simulated using MATLAB to predict the relative impacts of biofouling and metabolic effects on the observed sensor responses. Results: Protein biofouling in PPP in both the experiments and the simulations was found to have no interfering effect upon sensor response. Experimental results obtained with whole and dilute blood showed that the sensor response was markedly affected by blood borne glucose-consuming cells accumulated in the biofouling layer and in the surrounding bulk. Conclusions: The physical barrier to glucose transport presented by protein biofouling does not hinder glucose movement to the sensor surface, and the consumption of glucose by inflammatory cells, and not erythrocytes, proximal to the sensor surface has a substantial effect on sensor response and may be the main culprit for anomalous sensor behavior immediately following implantation.
Description and Preliminary Evaluation of a Diabetes Technology Simulation Course
Authors: Wilson Rebecca D. , Bailey Marilyn , Boyle Mary E. , Seifert Karen M. , Cortez Karla Y. , Baker Leslie J. , Hovan Michael J. , Stepanek Jan , Cook Curtiss B. 
Published: June 2016

Background: We aim to provide data on a diabetes technology simulation course (DTSC) that instructs internal medicine residents in the use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) devices. Methods: The DTSC was implemented during calendar year 2012 and conducted in the institution's simulation center. It consisted of a set of prerequisites, a practicum, and completion of a web-based inpatient CSII-ordering simulation. DTSC participants included only those residents in the outpatient endocrinology rotation. Questionnaires were used to determine whether course objectives were met and to assess the satisfaction of residents with the course. Questionnaires were also administered before and after the endocrine rotation to gauge improvement in familiarity with CSII and CGMS technologies. Results: During the first year, 12 of 12 residents in the outpatient endocrinology rotation completed the DTSC. Residents reported that the course objectives were fully met. The mean satisfaction score with the course ranged from 4.0 to 4.9 (maximum, 5), with most variables rated above 4.5. Self-reported familiarity with the operation of CSII and CGMS devices increased significantly in the postrotation survey compared with that on the prerotation survey (both p < .01). Conclusions: In this pilot program, simulation-based education increased the perceived familiarity of residents with CSII and CGMS technologies. In light of these preliminary findings, the course will continue to be offered, with further data accrual. Future work will involve piloting the DTSC approach among other types of providers, such as residents in other specialties or inpatient nursing staff.
Blood Glucose Pattern Management in Diabetes: Creating Order from Disorder
Authors: Choudhary Pratik , Genovese Stefano , Reach Gérard 
Published: June 2016

Background: Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is the most accessible way to assess glycemic patterns, and interpretation of these patterns can provide reasons for poor glycemic control and suggest management strategies. Furthermore, diabetes management based on blood glucose (BG) patterns is associated with improved patient outcomes. The aim of this review is therefore to evaluate the impact of pattern management in clinical practice. Methods: We included a review of available literature, a discussion of obstacles to implementation of SMBG and pattern management, and suggestions on how clinicians and patients might work together to optimize this management feature. Results: The literature review revealed eight publications specifically describing structured approaches to SMBG and pattern management. Specific information on how SMBG might be structured to detect BG patterns, however, remains limited. Barriers to pattern management include not just practical reasons, but emotional and psychological reasons as well. Conclusions: Patterns are not always easy to detect or interpret, but on-meter and web-based tools can support both patients and clinicians. Ultimately, successful pattern management requires education and mutual commitment from the clinician and patient—ongoing collaboration is needed to obtain, review, and interpret SMBG values and to make changes based on the patterns.
Stability and Performance of Rapid-Acting Insulin Analogs Used for Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kerr David , Wizemann Erik , Senstius Jakob , Zacho Mette , Ampudia-Blasco Francisco Javier 
Published: June 2016

Aim: We review and summarize the literature on the safety and stability of rapid-acting insulin analogs used for continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in patients with diabetes. Methods: Two predefined search strategies were systematically implemented to search Medline and the Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials for publications between 1996 and 2012. Results: Twenty studies were included in the review: 13 in vitro studies and 7 clinical studies. In vitro studies investigated the effects of extreme CSII conditions (high temperature and mechanical agitation) on the risk of catheter occlusions and insulin stability factors, such as potency, purity, high molecular weight protein content, pH stability, and preservative content (m-cresol, phenol). Under these conditions, the overall stability of rapid-acting insulin analogs was similar for insulin lispro, insulin aspart, and insulin glulisine, although insulin glulisine showed greater susceptibility to insulin precipitation and catheter occlusions. A limited number of clinical trials were identified; this evidence-based information suggests that the rate of catheter occlusions in patients with type 1 diabetes using CSII treatment may vary depending on the rapid-acting analog used. Conclusions: Based on a limited amount of available data, the safety, stability, and performance of the three available rapid-acting insulin analogs available for use with CSII were similar. However, there is limited evidence suggesting that the risk of occlusion may vary with the insulin preparation under certain circumstances.
Methods of imparting mosquito repellent agents and the assessing mosquito repellency on textile
Authors: Anuar Aufa Adeela , Yusof Nurain 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis review intends to analyze the distinctive fabric utilized for mosquito repellent studies and forms of treatment mosquito agents on the fabrics. Textile treated with mosquito repellent is a revolutionary innovation to protect human from the bites of mosquito borne disease such as Dengue. This peculiarity was produced as needed in feeling of assurance from mosquitoes in the regions which are territories of the mosquitoes and inclined to disease. To impart this feature, the fabrics are given a treatment of mosquito repellent agent which capable of being utilized and without ruining their characteristics. The utilization of anti-agents to dress and different fabrics is best contrasted with skin application in light of the fact that it lessens the probability of unfavorably susceptible responses. This paper described the textile materials selection, methods of imparting the repellent into the fabrics, types of repellent as well as the repellency test of treated fabrics. The assessments used in the treated textile are summarized and conditions of the assessment of repellency relative to this discussion are presented.
General paediatric surgery for patients aged under 5 years: a 5-year experience at a district general hospital
Authors: Kwok C-S , Gordon AC 
Published: June 2016

Introduction The gradual shift of general paediatric surgery (GPS) provision from district general hospitals (DGH) to specialised units is well recognised in the UK. The consequences of centralisation include a reduction in exposure to GPS for current surgical trainees. The GPS practice of a DGH is examined here. Methods All operations performed on children aged under 5 years over a 5-year period were identified using the local electronic operation database. Electronic hospital records and clinic letters were accessed to collect data on demographics, operations performed and outcome measures. Results 472 GPS operations were performed on children between the age of 22 days and 5 years between 2009 and 2014, of which 43 were on an emergency basis and 105 were performed on patients aged less than 1 year. Three patients were admitted following day case surgery. Six patients were readmitted within 30 days. Complication rates for all procedures and the four most common procedures were similar to those found in published literature. Conclusions GPS for patients aged less than 5 years is comparatively safe in the DGH setting. The training opportunities available at DGHs are invaluable to surgical trainees and vital for sustaining the future provision of GPS by such hospitals.
Adverse impact of intermittent portal clamping on long-term postoperative outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hao S , Chen S , Yang X , Wan C 
Published: June 2016

Introduction To evaluate the impact of intermittent portal clamping (IPC) on long-term postoperative outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Clinical records of 355 patients underwent curative liver resection for HCC in January 2007 to December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. According to how portal clamping was performed, patients were grouped as: IPC, n=113; other portal clamping (OPC), n=190; and no portal clamping (NPC), n=52. Results Median recurrence-free survival (RFS) was statistically significantly shorter in the IPC (39.4 months) than OPC (47.3 months, p=0.010) and NPC groups (51.4 months, p=0.008). Median overall survival (OS) was also significantly shorter with IPC (46.3 months), versus 52.9 months with OPC (p=0.022) and 56.2 months with NPC (p=0.015). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that 5-year cumulative RFS was much lower in the IPC (42.5%) than OPC (50.9%, p=0.014) and NPC groups (49.6%, p=0.013). Five-year cumulative OS was also much lower in the IPC (44.9%) than OPC (58.0%, p=0.020) and NPC groups (57.7%, p=0.025). On univariate analysis, tumour grade, size and number, TNM stage, blood transfusion, vascular invasion and IPC were significantly inversely correlated with RFS and OS. On multivariate analysis, tumour size and number, blood transfusion, vascular invasion and IPC remained significant. Conclusions Our study suggests that IPC is an independent risk factor for poor long-term postoperative outcomes in patients with HCC.
Creating a SIS—A Annual Review Protocol to Determine the Need for Reassessment
Authors: Thompson James R. , Shogren Karrie A. , Seo Hyojeong , Wehmeyer Michael L. , Lang Kyle M. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The Supports Intensity Scale – Adult Version (SIS—A) has been widely adopted throughout North America and the world since its publication a little over a decade ago. Many organizations and jurisdictions operate under regulations that require an annual assessment of people who receive services and supports that are financed through public funds. The time and energy devoted to an annual SIS—A reassessment has become a concern in cases where the resulting information is largely redundant with information from a prior assessment. This article presents findings from an investigation of two approaches to creating a protocol to assist SIS—A users in distinguishing situations where there is a high likelihood that support needs have not changed in meaningful ways from situations where there is a reasonable possibility that support needs have changed. The SIS—A Annual Review Protocol was created based on these analyses as well as consideration of conceptual issues associated with support needs assessment. Ways in which this protocol might be used, as well as data that need to be collected to evaluate its usefulness, are discussed.
Exhibition Reviews
Authors: Weiner Andrew Stefan , Mutlu Rasit , Brown Kathryn , MacInnis Jordan , Bronstein Noa , Mida Ingrid 
Published: June 2016

The Xerox Book Paula Cooper Gallery, New York, 12 September–24 October 2015
Saltwater: A Theory of Thought Forms – 14th Istanbul Biennial Curated by Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, various locations, Istanbul, 2 September–1 November 2015
Ink Remix: Contemporary Art
from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong Curated by Sophie McIntyre, exhibited at the Canberra Museum and Gallery, 3 July–18 October 2015; Bendigo Art Gallery, 31 October 2015–7 February 2016; University of New South Wales Galleries, 26 February–21 May 2016; Museum of Brisbane,
16 September 2016–19 February 2017
Artist Textiles: Picasso to Warhol Curated by Dennis Nothdruft, Textile Museum of Canada, Toronto, 2 May–4 October 2015
Mark Rothko’s Harvard Murals Curated by Mary Schneider Enriquez, in collaboration with Narayan Khandekar, Carol
Mancusi-Ungaro, Christina Rosenberger and Jens Stenger, Harvard Art Museums, Cambridge, 16 November 2014– 26 July 2015
Dries Van Noten: Inspirations Curated by Pamela Golbin, with Karen Van Godtsenhoven, MoMu Fashion Museum, Antwerp, 13 February–19 July 2015, originally presented
at Musée des Arts Décoratifs (curated by Pamela Golbin), Paris, 1 March–2 November 2014
Book Reviews
Authors: Bodor Judit , Couto Erika Ashley , Toye Megan 
Published: June 2016

Revisions – Zen for Film, Hanna B. Hölling New York: Bard Graduate Center (2015), 100 pp., Paperback, ISBN: 978-1-941-79202-5, US$20.00
Family Ties: Living History in Canadian House Museums, Andrea Terry Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press (2015), 248
pp., Hardcover, ISBN: 978-0-773-54561-8, CAD & US $110.00/Paperback, ISBN: 978-0-773-54562-5, CAD & US $44.95
Introducing Suzy Lake, Georgina Uhlyarik (ed.) London: Black Dog Publishing (2014), 232 pp., Hardcover, ISBN: 978-1-90896-673-5, US$34.95
Fresh Autologous Pericardium to Reconstruct the Pulmonary Valve at the Annulus When Tetralogy of Fallot Requires a Transannular Patch at Midterm
Authors: Pande Shantanu , Sharma Jugal K. , Siddartha C.R. , Bansal Anubhav , Agarwal Surendra K. , Tewari Prabhat , Kapoor Aditya 
Published: June 2016

Tetralogy of Fallot often requires reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract with a transannular patch (TAP), but this renders the pulmonary valve incompetent and eventually leads to right ventricular dysfunction.
We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of a reconstructed pulmonary valve and annulus in 70 patients who underwent, from December 2006 through December 2010, complete correction of tetralogy of Fallot. We divided the 70 patients into 2 groups in accordance with whether they required (n=50) or did not require (n=20) a TAP. We used autologous untreated pericardium to fashion the TAP and to create both an annulus of the correct size and a competent pulmonary valve with native leaflets. We evaluated the efficiency of this procedure both functionally and anatomically.
The median age of the patients was 11 years (range, 2–38 yr). There were 56 males, with no significant difference in sexual distribution between groups. The clinical follow-up was 88% for 57.5 months, and the echocardiographic follow-up was 80% for 36 months. There was no significant difference in outflow gradient or in the occurrence of pulmonary insufficiency between the TAP group (none, 31; mild, 12; moderate, 6; and severe, 1) and the No-TAP group (none, 16; moderate, 2; and severe, 2) (P=0.59). Nor was there any thickening or calcification in the constructed valves.
We conclude that pulmonary valves constructed of untreated autologous pericardium performed as well as native valves after total tetralogy of Fallot correction at midterm.
Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome: To Shunt or Not to Shunt, That is the Question
Authors: Klein Michael R. , Kiefer Todd L. , Velazquez Eric J. 
Published: June 2016

Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome is a rare disease defined by dyspnea and deoxygenation, induced by an upright position, and relieved by recumbency. Causes include shunting through a patent foramen ovale and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.
A 79-year-old woman experienced 2 syncopal episodes at rest and presented at another hospital. In the emergency department, she was hypoxic, needing 6 L/min of oxygen. Her chest radiograph showed nothing unusual. Transthoracic echocardiograms with saline microcavitation evaluation were mildly positive early after agitated-saline administration, suggesting intracardiac shunting. She was then transferred to our center.
Right-sided heart catheterization revealed no oximetric evidence of intracardiac shunting while the patient was supine and had a low right atrial pressure. However, her oxygen saturation dropped to 78% when she sat up. Repeat transthoracic echocardiography while sitting revealed a dramatically positive early saline microcavitation-uptake into the left side of the heart. Transesophageal echocardiograms showed a patent foramen ovale, with right-to-left shunting highly dependent upon body position. The patient underwent successful percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure, and her oxygen supplementation was suspended.
In patients with unexplained or transient hypoxemia in which a cardiac cause is suspected, it is important to evaluate shunting in both the recumbent and upright positions. In this syndrome, elevated right atrial pressure is not necessary for significant right-to-left shunting. Percutaneous closure, if feasible, is first-line therapy in these patients.