bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
»Organisation« im on/off-Modus
Authors: Hahn Matthias , Wagner Gabriele 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungQualitätsmanagern an Hochschulen steht eine Vielfalt an unterschiedlichen Bewertungsfolien zur Verfügung, wenn sie die „Qualitätsfrage“ stellen und beantworten müssen. Die von uns durchgeführte rekonstruktive Analyse rückt jedoch folgenden Befund in den Fokus: Die Vielfalt der Bewertungsfolien ist weniger ein Problem, sondern vielmehr eine Lösung für ein ganz anders gelagertes Bezugsproblem. Das Bezugsproblem der Qualitätsmanager an Hochschulen besteht darin, dass die „Qualitätsfrage“ das hochschulische Geschehen an seinen organisationalen Kontext erinnert, in der Gestalt bereits etablierter formaler (und informaler) Erwartungen hinsichtlich dessen, wie und in welcher Qualität ‘die Dinge zu laufen haben’. Im Kontext formaler Organisation lässt sich das Handeln der Mitglieder aufgrund der normativ generalisierten Verhaltenserwartungen, die an die Mitgliedschaftsrolle geknüpft werden, daher prinzipiell als Entscheidung behandeln, die sich konform oder abweichend gegenüber organisatorischen Erwartungen verhält. Damit entsteht die Möglichkeit, die an der Hochschule angestellten Wissenschaftler nicht alleinals peers, sondern in ihrer Rolleals Organisationsmitgliederzu adressieren. Genau diese Beobachtungs- und Behandlungsmöglichkeit markiert einen Bruch mit einer zentralen Norm der Hochschule, die es dem wissenschaftlichen Personal bis dahin in weiten Teilen erlaubte, davon absehen zu können, dass sich ihr professionelles Handeln im Kontext einer Organisation, nämlichder Organisation Hochschulevollzieht. Der Beitrag arbeitet vier Formen der Lösung dieses Problems heraus.
Eccentric Strength Training: A Review of the Available Technology
Authors: Tinwala Farhan , Cronin John , Haemmerle Enrico , Ross Angus 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTECCENTRIC (ECC) STRENGTH TRAINING IS BECOMING INCREASINGLY POPULAR AMONG STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING COACHES AND PRACTITIONERS GIVEN THE PROVEN BENEFITS FOR PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTS, INJURY PREVENTION AND REHABILITATION. THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO UNDERSTAND THE DEVICES THAT ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE TRAINING OF ECC STRENGTH, THE TECHNOLOGY INVOLVED, AND THE ASSOCIATED ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES. IT IS HOPED THAT WITH THIS KNOWLEDGE THE PRACTITIONER IS BETTER INFORMED AT MATCHING ECC STRENGTH TRAINING NEEDS WITH THE APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY. FOR A VIDEO ABSTRACT DESCRIBING THIS ISSUE, SEE VIDEO, SUPPLEMENTAL DIGITAL CONTENT 1, http://links.lww.com/SCJ/A198.
Environmental Anchoring of Head Direction in a Computational Model of Retrosplenial Cortex
Authors: Bicanski Andrej , Burgess Neil 
Published: November 2016

Allocentric (world-centered) spatial codes driven by path integration accumulate error unless reset by environmental sensory inputs that are necessarily egocentric (body-centered). Previous models of the head direction system avoided the necessary transformation between egocentric and allocentric reference frames by placing visual cues at infinity. Here we present a model of head direction coding that copes with exclusively proximal cues by making use of a conjunctive representation of head direction and location in retrosplenial cortex. Egocentric landmark bearing of proximal cues, which changes with location, is mapped onto this retrosplenial representation. The model avoids distortions due to parallax, which occur in simple models when a single proximal cue card is used, and can also accommodate multiple cues, suggesting how it can generalize to arbitrary sensory environments. It provides a functional account of the anatomical distribution of head direction cells along Papez' circuit, of place-by-direction coding in retrosplenial cortex, the anatomical connection from the anterior thalamic nuclei to retrosplenial cortex, and the involvement of retrosplenial cortex in navigation. In addition to parallax correction, the same mechanism allows for continuity of head direction coding between connected environments, and shows how a head direction representation can be stabilized by a single within arena cue. We also make predictions for drift during exploration of a new environment, the effects of hippocampal lesions on retrosplenial cells, and on head direction coding in differently shaped environments.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe activity of head direction cells signals the direction of an animal's head relative to landmarks in the world. Although driven by internal estimates of head movements, head direction cells must be kept aligned to the external world by sensory inputs, which arrive in the reference frame of the sensory receptors. We present a computational model, which proposes that sensory inputs are correctly associated to head directions by virtue of a conjunctive representation of place and head directions in the retrosplenial cortex. The model allows for a stable head direction signal, even when the sensory input from nearby cues changes dramatically whenever the animal moves to a different location, and enables stable representations of head direction across connected environments.
Anthropometric Charts for Infants Born Between 22 and 29 Weeks’ Gestation
Authors: Boghossian Nansi S. , Geraci Marco , Edwards Erika M. , Morrow Kate A. , Horbar Jeffrey D. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVES:
Using a large, racially diverse US dataset, we aimed primarily to: (1) fit and validate sex-specific birth weight and head circumference for gestational age charts for infants born at 22 to 29 weeks’ gestation; and (2) fit race-specific birth weight and head circumference for gestational age charts.

METHODS:
We used data collected between 2006 and 2014 on 183 243 singleton infants without congenital malformations with gestational age between 22 weeks, 0 days and 29 weeks, 6 days from 852 US members of the Vermont Oxford Network. For the sex-specific charts, the final sample size included 156 587 infants who survived hospital discharge. From these 156 587, we abstracted a subset of 47 005 infants to fit sex-specific charts separately for white, black, and Asian infants. For all charts, we applied quantile regression models to predict infants’ birth weight and head circumference percentiles from gestational age expressed in days.

RESULTS:
We successfully validated the overall sex-specific charts. Over most of the gestational age range, black infants, either girls or boys, had the lowest predicted birth weight as compared with white and Asian infants for many percentiles.

CONCLUSIONS:
We fitted and validated new sex-specific charts using a recent, large, and racially diverse dataset. Future steps include using these charts to examine associations of weight and head circumference at birth with mortality and morbidity.
Mechanistic Pathways From Early Gestation Through Infancy and Neurodevelopment
Authors: Park Sangshin , Bellinger David C. , Adamo Meredith , Bennett Brady , Choi Nam-Kyong , Baltazar Palmera I. , Ayaso Edna B. , Monterde Donna Bella S. , Tallo Veronica , Olveda Remigio M. , Acosta Luz P. , Kurtis Jonathan D. , Friedman Jennifer F. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To identify pathways through which pre- and postnatal factors directly or indirectly affect infant neurodevelopment at 12 months of age among Filipino infants.

METHODS:
The Bayley Scales of Infant Development, third edition was used to assess the development of 314 infants of mothers enrolled in a trial examining the safety and efficacy of praziquantel during pregnancy. Maternal covariates included socioeconomic status, iron and nutritional status, cognitive performance, and alcohol intake. Infant covariates included birth weight and feeding practices, longitudinal growth and nutritional status, hemoglobin and iron status captured at birth, and 6 and 12 months of age. Multivariable regression and structural equation modeling were used to identify significant factors associated with infant development.

RESULTS:
In regression models, maternal education, cognition, and iron status as well as infant weight-for-age z-score (WAZ), weight-for-length z-score, and WAZ gains were significantly associated with infant development at 12 months of age. Structural equation modeling demonstrated a direct effect of maternal cognition on most subscales of infant development and indirect effects on expressive language through effects on infant WAZ. Maternal iron status was a stronger predictor of infant cognition subscale scores than was infant iron status. Exclusive breastfeeding had a direct influence on expressive language rather than acting through improved infant iron or nutritional status.

CONCLUSIONS:
We identified key modifiable risk factors for impaired neurodevelopment, including prenatal risk factors such as maternal iron status. Integrated nutritional interventions that impact both maternal and infant nutritional status are likely to positively affect infant neurodevelopment through identified pathways.
PENUMBUHAN BIOFLOK DALAM MEDIA BUDIDAYA IKAN BANDENG
Authors: Usman Usman , Harris Enang , Jusadi Dedi , Supriyono Eddy , Yuhana Munti 
Published: November 2016

Bioflok merupakan agregat campuran heterogen mikroba yang diinisiasi oleh bakteri heterotrof dan memiliki nutrisi yang cukup baik yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai makanan oleh beberapa jenis ikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi metode menumbuhkan bioflok dalam media budidaya ikan bandeng intensif. Penumbuhan bakteri heterotrof dilakukan dengan mempertahankan keseimbangan rasio Karbon/Nitrogen (C/N) sebesar 10 dalam media budidaya. Sumber nitrogen berasal dari limbah 40 ekor ikan bandeng (bobot rata-rata 75 g/ekor) yang dipelihara dalam bak fibre glass berisi air bersalinitas 25 ppt sebanyak 625 L. Ikan uji diberi pakan komersial dengan kadar protein 26%. Molase digunakan sebagai sumber Corganik. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah: (A) tanpa inokulasi bakteri heterotrof (0 cfu/mL), (B) inokulasi bakteri heterotrof sebanyak 102 cfu/mL, (C) inokulasi bakteri heterotrof sebanyak 104 cfu/mL, dan (D) inokulasi bakteri heterotrof sebanyak 106 cfu/mL. Hasil percobaan selama masa 30 hari menunjukkan bahwa penambahan inokulasi bakteri heterotrof sebanyak 106 cfu/mL cenderung lebih meningkatkan laju konversi limbah N menjadi bioflok dibandingkan jumlah inokulasi bakteri yang lebih rendah dan kontrol. Indikator utamanya dapat dilihat dari pola penurunan konsentrasi TAN dan peningkatan VSS. Penambahan inokulasi bakteri heterotrof (Bacillus sp.) cenderung meningkatkan kandungan asam amino bioflok
Some Remarks About the Cyclic Homology of Skew PBW Extensions / Algunas observaciones sobre la homología cíclica de extensiones PBW torcidas
Authors: Suárez Suárez Héctor Julio , Reyes Villamil Milton Armando 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe study the cyclic homology for a class of noncommutative polynomial rings known as skewPBW extensions. We obtain explicit computations for some important families of such extensionsover fields. In particular, we consider the cyclic homology of skew PBW extensions ofderivation type, certain classes of Ore extensions, operator algebras, difusion algebras, quantumalgebras and 3-dimensional skew polynomial algebras. ResumenEstudiamos la homología cíclica de una clase de anillos de polinomios no conmutativos denominadosextensiones PBW torcidas. Obtenemos cálculos explícitos para algunas familias importantes de este tipode extensiones sobre cuerpos. En particular, consideramos la homología cíclica de las extensiones PBWtorcidas de tipo derivación, ciertas clases de extensiones de Ore, álgebras de operadores, álgebras de difusión, álgebras cuánticas y álgebras de polinomios torcidos 3-dimensionales.
The Transient and Asymptotic Moments for the Random Mission Time of a System / Los momentos transitorios y estables para el tiempo de misión de un sistema
Authors: Calvache Archila Alvaro 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we study fault tolerant systems having one or more components and its system availabilityover the random mission time. The mission time is the time that elapses since the initial operation ofthe system until its cumulative working time achieves a predetermined fixed time. The main objective ofthis paper is to obtain the transient and asymptotic moments for the random mission time of the systemavailability subject to failures, as well as its distribution function, by using the theory of link travel timedistributions. A numerical example is presented to show usefulness of the proposed model. ResumenEn este artículo se estudian sistemas tolerantes a fallas con uno o más componentes, y su disponibilidad durante el tiempo aleatorio de misión. El tiempo de misión es aquél que transcurre desde la operación inicial del sistema hasta que su tiempo acumulado de trabajo alcanza un tiempo fijo predeterminado. El objetivo principal del artículo es la obtención de los momentos transitorios y estables del tiempo de misión de la disponibilidad del sistema sujeto a fallas, así como el análisis de su función de distribución, mediante el uso de la teoría de las distribuciones de tiempo de viaje de un móvil, que transita por un número finito de caminos, en los que la velocidad promedio del móvil varía de camino a camino. Un ejemplo numérico se presenta para mostrar la utilidad del modelo propuesto.
Quality of e-learners’ time and learning performance beyond quantitative time-on-task
Authors: Romero Margarida , Barberà Elena 
Published: November 2016

Along with the amount of time spent learning (or time-on-task), the quality of learning time has a real influence on learning performance. Quality of time in online learning depends on students’ time availability and their willingness to devote quality cognitive time to learning activities. However, the quantity and quality of the time spent by adult e-learners on learning activities can be reduced by professional, family, and social commitments. Considering that the main time pattern followed by most adult e-learners is a professional one, it may be beneficial for online education programs to offer a certain degree of flexibility in instructional time that might allow adult learners to adjust their learning times to their professional constraints. However, using the time left over once professional and family requirements have been fulfilled could lead to a reduction in quality time for learning. This paper starts by introducing the concept of quality of learning time from an online student-centred perspective. The impact of students’ time-related variables (working hours, time-on-task engagement, time flexibility, time of day, day of week) is then analyzed according to individual and collaborative grades achieved during an online master’s degree program. The data show that both students’ time flexibility (<em>r</em> = .98) and especially their availability to learn in the morning are related to better grades in individual (<em>r</em> = .93) and collaborative activities (<em>r</em> = .46).
Estudos discursivos da intolerância: o ator da enunciação excessivo
Authors: Barros Diana Luz Pessoa de 
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho tenta sustentar as hipóteses de que os discursos intolerantes consideram o “diferente” como o que rompe pactos e acordos sociais, por não ser humano, por ser contrário à natureza, doente e sem ética ou estética, e que, por isso mesmo, é temido, odiado, sancionado negativamente e punido. Por sua vez, os discursos de aceitação e inclusão, que a eles se contrapõem, são elaboradoscom estratégias, temas e valores contrários aos acima. Seus contratos são os de multilinguismo, mestiçagem, diversidade sexual, pluralidade religiosa, e não mais de pureza das línguas, de branqueamento da sociedade, de heterossexualidade, de identidade religiosa. A partir daí, examina, especificamente, os discursos intolerantes de sites e blogs da internet, que se caracterizam como discursos do excesso, ou mesmo pela exacerbação do excesso, e por se apresentarem, sobretudo, como discursos de intolerância ao intolerável.Essa intensificação do excesso decorre dos traços específicos dos discursos na internet e, ainda, de procedimentos discursivos diversos, dentre os quais se destacam a forte figurativização dos temas e o emprego de recursos retóricos, como o do argumento do excesso, com suas hipérboles, metáforas e metonímias.
A estratégia narrativa dos vasos comunicantes e as latências temporais na teoria literária de Mario Vargas Llosa
Authors: Santana Jorge Alves 
Published: November 2016

Mario Vargas Llosa, escritor peruano e Prêmio Nobel, pertence ao singular e instigante campo literário que alia produção ficcional a teorizações sobre essa produção, em seu dialógico paradigma estético. No entrelugar cultural, produzido, sobretudo, através dos encontros entre as literaturas latino-americanas e as europeias, o escritor ativista reflete sobre e executa agenciamentos literários pertinentes, por exemplo, às disposições temporais que estruturam enunciados literários em conjunto com suas dimensões enunciativas; tanto no polo da emissão, como no das recepções de tais fenômenos culturais. Nesse contexto, observaremos particularmente os usos, e alguns aspectos do corolário de tal uso, da estratégia narrativa dos vasos comunicantes em dois de seus momentos teóricos que são La orgia perpetua (1981) e Cartas a um joven novelista (1997). Exemplificaremos tal procedimento estrutural e intersistêmico com a própria práxis literária deste autor, nas narrativas Conversación en La Catedral (1986), La tia julia y el escribidor (1977) e El pez en el agua (1993). Ao lado da estratégia narrativa dos vasos comunicantes, uma das bases do paradigma estético de Llosa, pensaremos também no modo em que a temporalidade do presente, perspectivada pela hipótese da “latência”, no sentido dado por Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht (2012; 2010), é capaz de reconfigurar o clássico tempo cronológico do enunciado literário, lançando o presente da narrativa, com toda sua implicação estético-política, para futuros possíveis e promissores no campo accional das subjetivações em curso no universo diegético. Apesar do aparente ceticismo político-cultural, emanado da recorrente e alentada postura crítica expressa por tais narrativas ficcionais e pelos construtos teórico-analíticos que lhe embasam, observaremos por fim, que há certo otimismo em relação a uma das funções da literatura, que é a de representar e expressar sentidos, valores e crenças que podem propulsionar razões práticas e transformadoras dos universos existenciais factuais.
Keterampilan Mahasiswa dalam Melakukan Penelitian Pendidikan Matematika melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Riset
Authors: Prahmana Rully Charitas Indra , Kusumah Yaya S , Darhim Darhim 
Published: November 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kecenderungan lintasan belajar mahasiswa dalam melakukan penelitian pendidikan matematika, khususnya dalam kemampuan mendesain, melaksanakan, dan mempublikasikan hasil penelitian, dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis riset. Metode yang digunakan adalah design research dengan 3 tahapan, yaitu preliminary design, teaching experiment, dan retrospective analysis. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bagaimana lintasan belajar yang dikembangkan memberikan kontribusi dalam menumbuhkan keterampilan meneliti pada 9 mahasiswa pendidikan matematika di STKIP Surya, dengan mendeskripsikan kegiatan dosen, mahasiswa, dan melihat hasil akhir pembelajaran, selama kurun waktu 5 bulan. Hasilnya, 2 orang mahasiswa mampu memenuhi semua indikator keterampilan meneliti sampai tahapan publikasi karya ilmiah dalam jurnal yang terindeks Google Scholar, 1 orang mahasiswa sampai tahapan penulisan hasil penelitian (skripsi), 2 orang mahasiswa sampai tahapan pembuatan proposal penelitian dan sudah diseminarkan, 3 orang mahasiswa sampai tahapan pembuatan proposal penelitian, dan 1 orang mahasiswa masih dalam tahapan mendesain suatu penelitian. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga memberikan gambaran faktor-faktor penyebab keberagaman hasil yang diperoleh mahasiswa selama proses pembelajaran.
Airway fire during rigid bronchoscopy
Authors: Mehta Venu , Baban Nian , Kornaszewska Malgorzata , Abel Robert 
Published: November 2016

SummaryWe describe a case of a 69‐yr‐old male who developed an airway fire during elective bronchoscopy for re‐canalisation of an obstructed bronchial stent. Airway fires are a rare but potentially life threatening complication of surgery in the respiratory tract. We are not aware of any previous reports of an airway fire secondary to ignition of a flexible bronchoscope.
Effect of vibroacoustic therapy on pain management in adolescents with low back pain
Authors: Dudoniene Vilma , Varniene Lina , Aukstikalnis Tomas , Lendraitiene Egle , Cerkauskas Justas , Raistenskis Juozas 
Published: November 2016

Vibroacoustic Therapy (VT) is a very distinct form of treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vibroacoustic therapy on low back pain management in adolescents. A total of 40 adolescents (13-18 years old) were randomly divided into two equal groups (exercise – control group, and exercise and vibroacoustic therapy – vibroacoustic group), and participated in a 3-week physiotherapy program for back pain management. The participants in both groups performed the same exercise program five times per week. The participants in the vibroacoustic group apart from exercise also received treatment on a special vibro chair set at 4-8 Hz frequency for relaxation. Music was heard through the headphones. Standard tests (Oswestry disability index and the visual analogue pain scale) to assess low back pain were used before and after the intervention to monitor changes. The intensity of low back pain significantly decreased in both groups after the intervention (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between the groups in low back pain management in adolescents.
Dynamic analyses of osteoblast vibrational responses: a finite element viscoelastic model
Authors: Wang Liping , Xian Cory J. 
Published: November 2016

Mechanotransduction is an important process that influences bone remodeling and maintains viability of bone cells. To understand the effect of the vibrational mechanical stimulation on biomechanic responses of bone cells, a viscoelastic osteoblast finite element (FE) model was developed. Firstly, the mode shapes and natural frequencies of a spreading osteoblast were assessed using the FE modal analysis. The osteoblast FE model predicted the natural frequencies of osteoblasts (within the range about 19.99-34.48 Hz). Then, the effect of acceleration on the vibrational responses of in-vitro cultured osteoblasts was investigated. Three different accelerations of base excitation were selected (0.15g, 0.3g and 0.5g, where g = 9.8 m/s2) and the vibrational responses (displacement, strain and stress) of osteoblasts were simulated. It was found that values of displacement, strain and stress increase with the increase of base excitation acceleration. In addition, the response values in Z-direction are much higher than those in the other directions (X, Y-direction) for the same base excitation acceleration. These findings will provide useful information to understand how vibrational mechanical stimulus influences bone cells and provide guidance for in vitro cell culture and experimental research and ultimately clinical treatment using the external vibrating loading.