bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The dimensionality of individual niche variation
Authors: Ingram Travis , Costa‐Pereira Raul , Araújo Márcio S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe inherently multidimensional nature of the niche has not yet been integrated into the investigation of individual niche specialization within populations. We propose a framework for modeling the between‐ and within‐individual components of the population niche as a set of variance‐covariance matrices, which can be visualized with ellipses or ellipsoids. These niche components can be inferred using multiple response mixed models, and can incorporate diverse types of data, including diet composition, stable isotopes, spatial location, and other continuous measures of niche dimensions. We outline how considering both individual and population niches in multiple dimensions may enhance our understanding of key concepts in ecology and evolution. Considering multiple dimensions as well as the within‐individual component of variation can lead to more meaningful measures of niche overlap between species. The impact of a population on its food web or ecosystem can depend on the degree of individual variation (via Jensen's inequality), and we suggest how the dimensionality of individual specialization could amplify this effect. Finally, we draw from concepts in quantitative genetics and the study of animal personalities to propose new hypotheses about the ecological and evolutionary basis of niche shifts in multiple dimensions. We illustrate key ideas using empirical data from sea otters, wetland frogs, and threespine stickleback, and discuss outstanding questions about the consequences of multidimensional niche variation. Setting variation among individuals in an explicitly multivariate framework has the potential to transform our understanding of a range of ecological and evolutionary processes.
IL‐12/IL‐18‐preactivated donor NK cells enhance GVL effects and mitigate GvHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Song Yuan , Hu Bo , Liu Yonghao , Jin Ziqi , Zhang Yinsheng , Lin Dandan , Zhu Ying , Lei Lei , Gong Huanle , Mei Yu , Teo Huey Yee , Wu Depei , Liu Haiyan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAdoptive transfer of donor NK cells has the potential of mediating graft‐versus‐leukemia (GVL) effect while suppressing acute graft‐versus‐host‐disease (aGVHD) during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). However, these beneficial effects are limited by the transient function of adoptively transferred NK cells. Previous studies demonstrate that cytokine‐induced memory‐like NK cells that are preactivated by IL‐12, IL‐15, and IL‐18 have enhanced effector functions and long life span in vivo. Here, we investigated the effects of IL‐12/18‐preactivated and IL‐12/15/18‐preactivated donor NK cells on GVL and aGVHD in a murine model of allo‐HSCT. We found that both IL‐12/18‐ and IL‐12/15/18‐preactivated NK cells mediated stronger GVL effect than control NK cells mainly due to their elevated activation/cytotoxicity and sustained proliferative potential. Interestingly, we observed that although both IL‐12/18‐ and IL‐12/15/18‐preactivated NK cells significantly inhibited severe aGVHD, only the IL‐12/18‐preactivated NK cells maintained the beneficial effect of donor NK cells on mild aGVHD. The IL‐12/15/18‐preactivated NK cell infusion accelerated aGVHD in the fully‐mismatched mild aGVHD model. Our results demonstrated that IL‐12/18‐preactivated NK cells displayed sustained and enhanced GVL functions, and could mitigate aGVHD despite the severity of the disease. IL‐12/18‐preactivated donor NK cell infusion may be an effective and safe adoptive therapy after allo‐HSCT.
Seismic drift demands in multi‐storey cross‐laminated timber buildings
Authors: Demirci Cagatay , Málaga‐Chuquitaype Christian , Macorini Lorenzo 
Published: December 2017

SummaryThis paper investigates the seismic response of multi‐storey cross‐laminated timber (CLT) buildings and its relationship with salient ground‐motion and building characteristics. Attention is given to the effects of earthquake frequency content on the inelastic deformation demands of platform CLT walled structures. The response of a set of 60 CLT buildings of varying number of storeys and panel fragmentation levels representative of a wide range of structural configurations subjected to 1656 real earthquake records is examined. It is shown that, besides salient structural parameters like panel aspect ratio, design behaviour factor, and density of joints, the frequency content of the earthquake action as characterized by its mean period has a paramount importance on the level of nonlinear deformations attained by CLT structures. Moreover, the evolution of drifts as a function of building to ground‐motion periods ratio is different for low‐ and high‐rise buildings. Accordingly, nonlinear regression models are developed for estimating the global and interstorey drifts demands on multi‐storey CLT buildings. Finally, the significance of the results is highlighted with reference to European seismic design procedures and recent assessment proposals.
An approach of dynamic mesh adaptation for simulating 3‐dimensional unsteady moving‐immersed‐boundary flows
Authors: Peng B. , Zhou C.H. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryIn this paper, we present an approach of dynamic mesh adaptation for simulating complex 3‐dimensional incompressible moving‐boundary flows by immersed boundary methods. Tetrahedral meshes are adapted by a hierarchical refining/coarsening algorithm. Regular refinement is accomplished by dividing 1 tetrahedron into 8 subcells, and irregular refinement is only for eliminating the hanging points. Merging the 8 subcells obtained by regular refinement, the mesh is coarsened. With hierarchical refining/coarsening, mesh adaptivity can be achieved by adjusting the mesh only 1 time for each adaptation period. The level difference between 2 neighboring cells never exceeds 1, and the geometrical quality of mesh does not degrade as the level of adaptive mesh increases. A predictor‐corrector scheme is introduced to eliminate the phase lag between adapted mesh and unsteady solution. The error caused by each solution transferring from the old mesh to the new adapted one is small because most of the nodes on the 2 meshes are coincident. An immersed boundary method named local domain‐free discretization is employed to solve the flow equations. Several numerical experiments have been conducted for 3‐dimensional incompressible moving‐boundary flows. By using the present approach, the number of mesh nodes is reduced greatly while the accuracy of solution can be preserved.
Geological characteristics, deposit type, and metallogenic epoch of the Katebasu gold–copper deposit in western Tianshan
Authors: Liu Yunhua , Han Yixiao , Li Zhen , Mo Xuanxue , Huang Yu , Li Yuntao 
Published: December 2017

The Katebasu gold (Au)–copper (Cu) deposit is one of the extra large‐scale Au–Cu deposits discovered in the western Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang in the recent years. The geological characteristics of the deposit have not been systematically studied and summarized, and there is considerable debate about the deposit type and metallogenic epoch. In this paper, we studied the Katebasu Au–Cu deposit orebody production characteristics, ore mineral composition, structural tectonic, surrounding rock alteration, and metallogenic phases. We identified the deposit types, presented a new discussion on the metallogenic epoch combined with the study of garnet Sm–Nd chronology, and indicate that the deposit type is a skarn type–fracture zone alteration rock type. The skarn‐type Cu–Au deposit is mainly distributed in the fault fracture zone and skarn in the contact zone between the rock mass and marble strata. The fracture zone alteration‐type Au–Cu deposit is mainly distributed in the monzonite granite fracture zone. The mining area has two phases of metallogenesis, which are related to monzonite granite and diorite dykes, respectively, and have a certain degree of superposition in space. The early metallogenesis occurred at 334.3 ± 6.7 Ma. The above results provide direction for regional prospecting.
Coupled U–Pb dating and Hf isotopic analysis of detrital zircons from Bayan Obo Group in Inner Mongolia: Constraints on the evolution of the Bayan Obo rift belt
Authors: Zhou Zhiguang , Hu Mengmeng , Wu Chen , Wang Guosheng , Liu Changfeng , Cai Anran , Jiang Tian 
Published: December 2017

The sedimentary record in the Late Palaeoproterozoic‐Neoproterozoic Bayan Obo rift belt can provide critical insight into tectonic evolution of Columbia and the North China Craton. In this study, we present new U–Pb geochronology, Hf isotopic analyses from the Bayan Obo Group, the Mesoproterozoic kimberlite, and gabbro to constrain the depositional age and potential provenance information of the Bayan Obo Group. We show that the Dulahala‐Jianshan, Bilute, and Baiyinbaolage formations were deposited at ca. 1.81–1.7 Ga, ca. 1.58–1.35 Ga, and ca. 1.25–1.0 Ga, respectively. Our data suggest the following potential provenance for sediments within the Bayan Obo Group: (a) The Khondalite Belt, Yinshan Block, and crystalline basement complex of the North China Craton to the south were the most potential provenance of the Dulahala and Jianshan formations during the initial deposition of Bayan Obo Group; (b) The Yinshan Block, and crystalline basement complex of the North China Craton, and local intermediate‐acid igneous rocks were the most potential provenance of the Bilute Formation; and (c) the local gabbro and volcanic rocks were the most potential provenance of the Baiyinbaolage Formation. Based on regional geologic constraints and the sedimentary history, we propose that the Northern Marginal Rift System probably represented several distinct rifting events. Furthermore, the Bayan Obo and Huade rift belts were active more recently than 1.0 Ga, which suggests that these rift systems were not only related to the rifting of the Columbia supercontinent. We propose that the Bayan Obo rift belt also records the rifting related to the breakup of Rodinia with the deposition of Qingbaikou System (Tonian) strata.
Geochemistry, geochronology, and petrogenesis of leucogranites in the Xiaogouli gold deposit in the West Qinling Orogen
Authors: Liu Yunhua , Han Yixiao 
Published: December 2017

Gold metallogenesis is closely related to orogeny. The Qinling–Dabie Orogen is the most important part of the Central China Orogen. The West Qinling Orogen was formed during the Indosinian period, the main period of amalgamation of the continent of China. The Xiaogouli gold deposit in the West Qinling Orogen has unique geological characteristics, with a unique albite–quartz‐vein ore type and mineralization correlate well with the granites. The granites have relatively low concentrations of Sr and Yb (Sr < 400 ppm and Yb < 2 ppm) but relatively high Al content, with average Na2O/K2O of 1.86, indicating that they are Na‐rich Himalayan type leucogranites. The minimum temperature of the initial magma was 804 °C; amphibolite‐facies hornfelsization occurred in the contact zone, and there was micrographic texture widely developed in the potassium feldspar, indicating an initial high‐temperature magma. The granites have low Mg# content (4.07–14.28) and are strongly enriched in light rare earth elements [(La/Yb)N = (101.57–355.49)], suggesting that they had experienced some fractional crystallization. The zircon SHRIMP U–Pb granite ages of 217.4 ± 1.5 Ma indicate that the granites were formed during the late stage of Indosinian magmatic activity in the area. The Xiaogouli leucogranites are believed to be products of partial melting of crust–mantle mixing rocks under the condition of high temperature, induced by asthenosphere upwelling during delamination and thinning of the lithosphere in the extensional environment in the late stage of orogenesis of the West Qinling Orogen. The magma formation depth was 30–50 km. Then, the magma experienced crystal differentiation, and the metallogenic materials and fluids were mainly from the crust–mantle magmas.
Glial M6B stabilizes the axonal membrane at peripheral nodes of Ranvier
Authors: Bang Marie L , Vainshtein Anya , Yang Hyun‐Jeong , Eshed‐Eisenbach Yael , Devaux Jerome , Werner Hauke B , Peles Elior 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGlycoprotein M6B and the closely related proteolipid protein regulate oligodendrocyte myelination in the central nervous system, but their role in the peripheral nervous system is less clear. Here we report that M6B is located at nodes of Ranvier in peripheral nerves where it stabilizes the nodal axolemma. We show that M6B is co‐localized and associates with gliomedin at Schwann cell microvilli that are attached to the nodes. Developmental analysis of sciatic nerves, as well as of myelinating Schwann cells/dorsal root ganglion neurons cultures, revealed that M6B is already present at heminodes, which are considered the precursors of mature nodes of Ranvier. However, in contrast to gliomedin, which accumulates at heminodes with or prior to Na+ channels, we often detected Na+ channel clusters at heminodes without any associated M6B, indicating that it is not required for initial channel clustering. Consistently, nodal cell adhesion molecules (NF186, NrCAM), ion channels (Nav1.2 and Kv7.2), cytoskeletal proteins (AnkG and βIV spectrin), and microvilli components (pERM, syndecan3, gliomedin), are all present at both heminodes and mature nodes of Ranvier in Gpm6b null mice. Using transmission electron microscopy, we show that the absence of M6B results in progressive appearance of nodal protrusions of the nodal axolemma, that are often accompanied by the presence of enlarged mitochondria. Our results reveal that M6B is a Schwann cell microvilli component that preserves the structural integrity of peripheral nodes of Ranvier.
Phase II trial of eribulin mesylate in recurrent or metastatic salivary gland malignancies
Authors: Rodriguez Cristina P. , Martins Renato G. , Baik Christina , Chow Laura Q. , Santana‐Davila Rafael , Goulart Bernardo H. , Lee Sylvia , Eaton Keith D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the microtubule inhibitor eribulin in recurrent/metastatic salivary gland cancers (RMSGCs), a disease where no therapeutic standard exists.MethodsThis phase II clinical trial treated patients with progressive recurrent/metastatic salivary gland cancers with eribulin 1.4 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1 and 8 of a 21‐day cycle until disease progression/unacceptable toxicities. The primary endpoint was the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 objective response rate.ResultsBetween May 2012 and August 2015, 29 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 63 years (range 34‐75 years) and 20 of the subjects were men (69%). The most common histologies were adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC; n = 11) and adenocarcinoma (n = 4). Neutropenia was the most common toxicity (grade 3; n = 5; 17% and grade 4 n = 3; 10%). The objective responses were observed in 3 of 29 patients (10%), 20 of 29 patients (69%) demonstrated a decrement in tumor size, and disease control was observed in 26 of 29 patients (90%).ConclusionAlthough the objective responses to eribulin were uncommon, disease control was observed in the majority of patients.
Planning without action and action without planning? Examining a regional health system's efforts to improve patient flow, 1998–2013
Authors: Kreindler Sara A. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryMost health care organizations engage in formal and informal planning, yet their improvement initiatives may remain disjointed and reactive. Research on organizational decision‐making has found that the “discovery” approach (seek and assess multiple options before selecting one) outperforms “idea imposition” (identify 1 option, then gather information to [dis]confirm it), yet is observed relatively infrequently. Might this imply that discovery frequently collapses before fruition?This qualitative study sought to better understand the planning‐action disjunction, as observed in 1 organization, by comparing its planning processes against the discovery approach. It focused on a Canadian regional health system's recurrent, unsuccessful attempts to improve patient flow. Through extensive document review supplemented by interviews with 62 managers, it identified all relevant regional plans/reports produced during a 15‐year period and followed each recommendation forward in time to discover its fate.Each report presented a lengthy, unprioritized list of disparate recommendations, few of which progressed to full implementation. It appeared that decision‐makers repeatedly embarked on a discovery approach, but rapidly allowed it to splinter into multiple idea‐imposition approaches; numerous options were generated, but never evaluated against each other. Thus, the product of each planning process was not a coherent strategy but a list of disconnected actions.
IS THERE ANY AGILITY IN SYSTEMS ENGINEERING?
Authors: Díaz Vargas Diego Armando , Baron Claude , Esteban Philippe , Alejandra Gutierrez Estrada Citlalih Yollohtli 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTIndustry employs agile methods more widely, mainly in software development companies. This paper tackles the point of transferring agile methods from software to systems engineering, which raises several questions: Is the transfer immediate, and if not, what are the difficulties? Does the agility refer to the product, the processes, or the project? Do systems engineering standards promote or suggest a kind of agility? Among this panel of questions, a first natural step consists of analyzing if systems engineering standards and guides already include agility in the practices they recommend and what kind of agility. The paper thus focuses on the analysis of one of the most famous current systems engineering standards, the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 (2015), with the goal to detect any explicit or implicit reference to agility in this document.Agile methods are beginning to spread in industry; these methods are mainly used in companies whose business is software development. Fields like systems engineering are contemplating these methods to manage the systems engineering technical processes and to lead projects in complex systems development, but some issues must be overcome before implementing such approaches in this domain. Agile methods really emerged with the dissemination of the Agile Manifesto in 2001; however, this document does not give any formal definition of the agile concept, and is clearly focused on software engineering. This paper thus tackles the point of transferring agile methods from software to systems engineering, that includes several questions: Is the transfer immediate? What are the difficulties? Does the agility refer to the product, the processes, or the project? Do systems engineering standards already implicitly consider a kind of agility? Among this panel of questions, a first natural step consists in asking if systems engineering standards and guides would already include any form of agility in the practices they recommend? This paper focuses on the analysis of one of the most famous current systems engineering standards, the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 (2015), with the goal to detect any explicit or implicit reference to agility in this document.
ASSESSING INTEROPERABILITY REQUIREMENTS IN NETWORKED ENTERPRISES: A MODEL‐BASED SYSTEM ENGINEERING APPROACH
Authors: Leal Gabriel , Guédria Wided , Panetto Hervé 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTWhen two or more systems work together, it is crucial to verify interoperability. Systems engineers should be working to continuously improve the ability to interoperate for maintaining a sustainable and efficient collaboration among the networked systems. Systems could benefit from the use of interoperability assessments for identifying their strengths and weakness as well as their compatibility with potential collaborative peer systems. However, the current assessment approaches do not explicitly define the interoperability requirements and their interdependencies. Acknowledging the different requirement dependencies supports the identification of impacts on the overall system, for example implications within a network caused by changes in the collaboration strategy or the introduction of a new information technology tool. Thus, based on model‐based systems engineering, this paper defines a networked enterprise as a system of systems (SoS) and proposes to use the SoS characteristics for identifying interoperability requirements and their dependencies. Further, we formalise and utilise inputs for an assessment tool.
PROCASEE: AN INNOVATIVE SOLUTION FOR SYSTEMS ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: Bougaa Mohammed , Bornhofen Stefan , Rivière Alain 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTTeaching systems engineering is a very challenging task where the complexity of the engineered systems must be considered together with systems engineering complexity itself. This article illustrates a solution that can help train systems engineers with different levels of expertise, and that should be easily transmissible from a university to another, and from a specific engineering discipline to another. The article deals with both the proposed pedagogical approach, for systems engineering education, and its supporting web‐based platform, called ProCASEE. The proposed approach is based on the recommendations of academic and industrial communities. It is centered on the use of systems engineering standardized processes and at the same time very adaptive the learning context. Our proposal also provides the ability to make the learning scenarios driven by the acquired or to‐be‐acquired systems engineering competencies.
Effect of Drip Fertigation on Potato Productivity with Basal Application of Loss Control Fertilizer in Sandy Soil
Authors: Feng Zhiwen , Kang Yaohu , Wan Shuqin , Liu Shiping 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTo establish appropriate drip fertigation scheduling with loss control fertilizer (LCF) as a basal fertilizer in sandy soil, a 2‐year field study was conducted to evaluate the effects of five fertilizer levels (10, 30, 50, 70 and 90% of the recommended fertilizer dose (RFD) in 2012, and 10, 35, 60, 85 and 110% of RFD in 2013) on potato biomass, tuber yield and fertilizer and irrigation water productivity. All LCFs were applied as basal fertilizer while drip fertigation was applied when soil matric potential at 0.2 m depth under the emitters reached –25 kPa. Results showed 35–60% of RFD resulted in a better dry matter distribution between above ground and tubers during tuber bulking. Tuber yield initially increased and then decreased with increasing fertilizer rates in both seasons. The highest irrigation water productivity was for 50% of RFD in 2012 and 35% of RFD in 2013. Fertilizer productivity decreased slowly after fertigation level increased to about 50% of RFD. Therefore, 35–50% of RFD is suggested scheduling for potato production in sandy soils under drip fertigation with LCF as basal fertilizer in arid and semi‐arid regions in the north of China. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.