bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergence of Fintech and cybersecurity in a global financial centre
Authors: Ng Artie W. , Kwok Benny K.B. 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to explore how the regulator of a global financial centre (GFC) under an international trend of adopting emerging technologies for financial services (Fintech) articulates such opportunities and risks strategically.Design/methodology/approachWith a literature review on the global regulatory environment and the underlying risks related to Fintech, it looks into the formulation and implementation of complementary regulatory policies in the case of Hong Kong as a GFC. Relevant policy documents disclosed by the financial regulator on cybersecurity and pertinent issues are examined.FindingsAdopting a strategic approach that seizes opportunities associated with Fintech, the financial regulator harnesses comprehensive risk-based mechanisms to embrace exposures to cyber risks while promoting institutionalization of cybersecurity among the regulated firms with strategic controls. This study suggests a pathway for the evolution of a profession with both technical and ethical competence for mitigating the emerging risks arising from Fintech. However, such an approach is yet to be tested with respect to efficacy for the unexplored territories of fraud exposures, resulting from swift Fintech developments across borders.Research limitations/implicationsAs Fintech has only emerged rapidly in the recent years, it is not conclusive in this review of performance and effectiveness of the financial regulator in its strategic approach. Further studies may utilize a longitudinal method to analyze and examine the regulatory measures undertaken by financial regulators in various GFCs.Originality/valueThis study reveals a strategic approach adopted by an emerged GFC in embracing Fintech innovation that however brings about unidentified risks and potential frauds to its financial services sector. Pertinent anti-fraud and cybersecurity measures are highlighted.
Comparative advantage, product quality, and the competitiveness of firms
Authors: Whang Unjung 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of product quality in differentiated-products markets in determining the structure of competition among firms.

Design/methodology/approach
First, two distinct models of firm heterogeneity are considered as two possible structures for firms’ competition: “price competition” and “quality competition.” Then, the author exploits the bilateral trade data of the world’s 83 largest countries in order to examine a link between the empirical findings and the theoretical models.

Findings
The empirical findings support a model of “quality competition” rather than “price competition,” in which firms in a country with a comparative advantage in a given product tend to improve their product quality as opposed to lowering production costs, so they compete on the quality-adjusted price.

Research limitations/implications
This paper used product-level data to examine the spatial pattern of the average export unit value of a product, which is able to answer the question of whether an industry is involved with quality competition. The product-level data used in this study, however, are not ideally suitable for exploring the predictions of a heterogeneous firms’ trade model.

Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first paper that investigates a relationship between the country-product pair of comparative advantages and firms’ self-selection behavior in the product-level data to shed light on the role of product quality in determining the structure of firms’ competition.
Boundary-spanning demand-side search and radical technological innovations in China
Authors: Zhang Wenhong , Zhao Yapu , Tian Longwei , Liu Dong 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how boundary-spanning demand-side search (BSDSS) fuels radical technological innovations as well as how innovation appropriability moderates this relationship. In particular, based on Teece’s (1986) argument regarding the appropriability of innovation, the authors divide factors to influence innovation appropriability into two types: external institution related and internal capability related.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a survey methodology. Specifically, the authors collected a sample composed of 150 high-tech manufacturing Chinese firms.FindingsResults show that BSDSS has a positive effect on radical technological innovations. Further, the authors find that dysfunctional competition and political ties negatively moderate the main effect, whereas firms’ legal and IPRs protection capabilities positively moderate the main effect.Research limitations/implicationsOne major limitation is that the findings are based on data derived from Chinese firms, which may limit the generalization of the findings.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that firms competing Chinese market, both Chinese and foreign firms, should actively leverage BSDSS to boost radical technological innovations. Chinese firms should pay attention to the negative roles of appropriability hazards originating from external institutional environment. Foreign firms in Chinese market should be cautious on potential dysfunctional competition from local competitors, such as imitation and intelligence property violation, and enhance appropriability through building internal capabilities, such as legal and IPRs capabilities.Originality/valueThe study highlights the crucial roles of BSDSS in radical technological innovations, as well as the moderating roles of innovation appropriability. These results provide new insights into the drivers of radical technological innovations.
The impact of multinational enterprises on public governance institutions in areas of limited statehood
Authors: Hanekom Dirk , Luiz John Manuel 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the interaction between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and public governance institutions in regions of limited statehood by focusing on three areas of inquiry: first, the impact of MNEs in these environments; second, the mechanisms and levels through which MNEs engage with external governance processes; and finally, the strategic motivation for the mode and level of engagement.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors follow an applied qualitative research approach, drawing on the principles of case study design, through interviews with executives that were involved in setting up four MNEs in Afghanistan.

Findings
The results reveal a relationship between the depth of country embeddedness and the level of engagement of MNEs with public institutions and this is related to issues around risk mitigation and time horizons. Deeper embeddedness in the local markets brings greater exposure to risk leading to more and wider engagement in governance processes and cross-sector partnerships in order to influence these concerns.

Research limitations/implications
The research contributes to institutional theory and demonstrates the interplay between organizations and the institutional surroundings. MNEs in Afghanistan are deeply affected by institutional weakness which contribute toward greater uncertainty and impact their behavior, but MNEs also have a direct bearing on institutions.

Practical implications
In fragile and conflict-affected states, MNEs can contribute toward peace and institution building and reinforce cycles of positive development, or they can further pathological behavior and contribute to conflict.

Social implications
MNEs are increasingly going to be expected to step into the gaps associated with institutional voids and this will require a different approach to doing business and their choice of approach will have a direct bearing on social outcomes in host countries.

Originality/value
The authors reveal two models of MNE engagement in these areas of limited statehood, namely an embedded vs autonomous model and examine their implications.
The dynamic change in expatriate roles: strategy type and stage of internationalization
Authors: Lakshman Sangeetha , Lakshman C. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an initial exploration of how expatriate roles change over time, across different stages of MNC international expansion, and subsequently theorize on the dynamic nature of change in expatriate roles.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used the qualitative approach of building theory from interviews, creating theoretical propositions from empirical evidence. The authors conducted in-depth interviews with 22 top executives of large MNCs to derive rich descriptions on expatriate roles to build the cases which were subsequently comparatively analyzed.

Findings
The authors find that expatriate roles become increasingly differentiated over time, with different expatriates performing specialized roles. The findings suggest that the proportion of expatriates used as commanders in directly/explicitly controlling subsidiaries decreases over time. Role differentiation is strongly linked to the pressures for local responsiveness and pressures for standardization, respectively.

Research limitations/implications
The exploratory evidence and resulting theorization needs to be verified in other samples and refined further using more longitudinal designs.

Practical implications
Knowledge of how and when expatriate roles change provides crucial inputs to HR managers for designing expatriate jobs, selecting appropriate candidates, and preparing them through appropriate training.

Originality/value
The findings identify the unique contribution that expatriates in later stages move away from commander roles in to roles demanding socialization, networking, knowledge sharing, coaching, and training, especially in firms that are high on the dimension of local responsiveness. Bears become bumble-bees and spiders in later stages of internalization especially for firms pursuing multi-domestic and transnational strategies.
The search for integrated paradigms of care for people with mental illness who offend: the enabling personality of Eric Broekaert
Authors: Vander Laenen Freya , Vander Beken Tom 
Published: July 2017

PurposeAs a tribute to Eric Broekaert, the purpose of this paper is to look back at a 2004 paper he wrote on the integration of paradigms of care and reports on how this is reflected in an ongoing multidisciplinary study at Ghent University.Design/methodology/approachIn 2014, the authors began a research project to develop multidisciplinary strengths-based strategies for a vulnerable group of people, in this case people with a mental illness who offend. The authors chose a strength-based research design for the study, in order to focus on individuals’ capabilities, qualities and assets, rather than on deficits, incapacities or problems.FindingsThree elements from Eric Broekaert’s work have inspired the research project. First, it is not possible to carry out research and interact with vulnerable persons devoid of the political, social and cultural context. Second, the authors should not restrict to one discipline or one paradigm when building (academic) knowledge and in practice. Third, the central aim of any practice should be to empower vulnerable people, improve their quality of life and challenge aspects of society that alienate and exclude them.Originality/valueEric Broekaert’s belief in the power of encounter and integration, reflected in his 2004 paper, continues to influence this work. As an open-minded enabler and critical integrator, he has left very visible traces in the research environment at Ghent University and beyond. Inspired by his thoughts and personality, new generations of researchers across many disciplines follow in his footsteps, jointly searching for what unites us as human beings rather than what divides us.
Evidence and practitioners’ knowledge: some comments on a current discussion
Authors: Jenner Håkan 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to give a pedagogics-based contribution to the discussion about evidence-based practice (EBP) and its implementation, with substance abuse treatment as an area of interest.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper takes its starting point in two different ways of looking at knowledge – as a product or as a process – and from there, the implications regarding the therapeutic encounter, staff training, and evaluation are examined.

Findings
The reasoning reveals the importance of process thinking when it comes to developing the work field in a more comprehensive way.

Originality/value
By the pedagogics-based view on EBP the paper illuminates aspects that may broaden a further discussion.
Milieu approaches and other adaptations of therapeutic community method: past and future
Authors: Pearce Steve , Haigh Rex 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the application of therapeutic community (TC) method in non-TC environments.

Design/methodology/approach
Milieu treatment is defined and differentiated from TC “proper”. Literature is reviewed covering attempts to use TC methods in inpatient wards, across hospitals, and more recently in the criminal justice system and more widely through the enabling environments initiative.

Findings
It is unclear whether TC milieu treatments proved helpful in acute ward environments in their heyday in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, in particular those involving people suffering from acute psychosis, and the changing landscape of psychiatric provision may make further investigation difficult. The reasons for this, and for the difficulties reaching a firm conclusion, are outlined. In contrast, TC milieu interventions appear to be demonstrating usefulness more recently in less mixed populations without the implementation of full TC “proper”.

Research limitations/implications
Much of the research is old and the methodology poor, which limits the conclusions that can be drawn.

Practical implications
Recent innovations pick up in a more accessible way principles of therapeutic communities that can inform and improve care in a variety of contexts. They are sufficiently well defined to lend themselves to research, which should now be a priority.

Originality/value
After a gap in developments in the field, recent innovations are reintroducing elements of TC functioning to new contexts including criminal justice settings, inpatient wards, homeless shelters and city communities.
A review of using porous asphalt pavement as an alternative to conventional pavement in stormwater treatment
Authors: Ahmad Kabiru Abdullahi , Abdullah Mohd Ezree , Abdul Hassan Norhidayah , Daura Hussaini Ahmad , Ambak Kamarudin 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
Porous asphalt has been used for than 50 years, but it was originally developed in 1970 at Franklin institute in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. By 1974 the first formalized procedure was created by the federal highway administration to design mixtures. Many researches on porous asphalt mixture have been conducted for the past two decades. However, there remains some concern about the potential adverse impacts of infiltrated surface water on the underlying groundwater. The purpose of this paper is to presents a short review on the application of porous asphalt pavement stormwater treatment.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a critical review on history and benefits is presented followed by review of general studies of using porous asphalt pavement, and some recent scientific studies that examine potential contamination of soil and groundwater because of infiltration systems.

Findings
This paper indicates that porous asphalt pavement is more efficient than conventional pavements in terms of retaining pollutants, improving the quality of water and runoff while maintaining infiltration.

Originality/value
This paper may also help reduce land consumption by reducing the need for traditional storm-water management structures. However, on the other hand, the priority objectives which is minimizing increased flooding and pollution risks while increasing performance efficiency and enhancing local environmental quality-of-life is achieved.
Robust vibration control of flexible panel: modeling and simulation
Authors: Banu Aalya , Muthalif Asan G.A. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to develop a robust controller to control vibration of a thin plate attached with two piezoelectric patches in the presence of uncertainties in the mass of the plate. The main goal of this study is to tackle dynamic perturbation that could lead to modelling error in flexible structures. The controller is designed to suppress first and second modal vibrations.

Design/methodology/approach
Out of various robust control strategies, μ-synthesis controller design algorithm has been used for active vibration control of a simply supported thin place excited and actuated using two piezoelectric patches. Parametric uncertainty in the system is taken into account so that the robust system will be achieved by maximizing the complex stability radius of the closed-loop system. Effectiveness of the designed controller is validated through robust stability and performance analysis.

Findings
Results obtained from numerical simulation indicate that implementation of the designed controller can effectively suppress the vibration of the system at the first and second modal frequencies by 98.5 and 88.4 per cent, respectively, despite the presence of structural uncertainties. The designed controller has also shown satisfactory results in terms of robustness and performance.

Originality/value
Although vibration control in designing any structural system has been an active topic for decades, Ordinary fixed controllers designed based on nominal parameters do not take into account the uncertainties present in and around the system and hence lose their effectiveness when subjected to uncertainties. This paper fulfills an identified need to design a robust control system that accommodates uncertainties.
Determining optimal policy for emergency department using Markov decision process
Authors: Hamasha Mohammad M. , Rumbe George 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
Emergency departments (ED) are faced with the challenge of capacity planning that caused by the high demand for patients and limited resources. Consequently, inadequate resources lead to increased delays, impacts on the quality of care and increase the health-care costs. Such circumstances necessitate utilizing operational research modules, such as the Markov decision process (MDP) to enable better decision-making. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the applicability and usage of MDP on ED.

Design/methodology/approach
The adoption of MDP provides invaluable insights into system operations based on the different system states (e.g. very busy to unoccupied) to ensure optimal assigning of resources and reduced costs. In this paper, a descriptive health system model based on the MDP is presented, and a numerical example is illustrated to elaborate its appropriateness in optimal policy decision determination.

Findings
Faced with numerous decisions, hospital managers have to ensure that the appropriate technique is used to minimize any undesired outcomes. MDP has been shown to be a robust approach which provides support to the critical decision-making processes. Additionally, MDP also provides insights on the associated costs which enable the hospital managers to efficiently allocate resources ensuring quality health care and increased throughput while minimizing costs.

Originality/value
Applying MDP in the ED is a unique and good starting. MDP is powerful tool helps in making a decision in the critical situations, and the ED needs such tool.
Genomic insights into specialized metabolism in the marine actinomycete Salinispora
Authors: Letzel Anne‐Catrin , Li Jing , Amos Gregory C.A. , Millán‐Aguiñaga Natalie , Ginigini Joape , Abdelmohsen Usama R. , Gaudêncio Susana P. , Ziemert Nadine , Moore Bradley S. , Jensen Paul R. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryComparative genomics is providing new opportunities to address the diversity and distributions of genes encoding the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites. An analysis of 119 genome sequences representing three closely related species of the marine actinomycete genus Salinispora reveals extraordinary biosynthetic diversity in the form of 176 distinct biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of which only 24 have been linked to their products. Remarkably, more than half of the BGCs were observed in only one or two strains, suggesting they were acquired relatively recently in the evolutionary history of the genus. These acquired gene clusters are concentrated in specific genomic islands, which represent hot spots for BGC acquisition. While most BGCs are stable in terms of their chromosomal position, others migrated to different locations or were exchanged with unrelated gene clusters suggesting a plug and play type model of evolution that provides a mechanism to test the relative fitness effects of specialized metabolites. Transcriptome analyses were used to address the relationships between BGC abundance, chromosomal position and product discovery. The results indicate that recently acquired BGCs can be functional and that complex evolutionary processes shape the micro‐diversity of specialized metabolism observed in closely related environmental bacteria.
Synthesis of the compatible solute proline by Bacillus subtilis: point mutations rendering the osmotically controlled proHJ promoter hyperactive
Authors: Hoffmann Tamara , Bleisteiner Monika , Sappa Praveen Kumar , Steil Leif , Mäder Ulrike , Völker Uwe , Bremer Erhard 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe ProJ and ProH enzymes of Bacillus subtilis catalyse together with ProA (ProJ‐ProA‐ProH), osmostress‐adaptive synthesis of the compatible solute proline. The proA‐encoded gamma‐glutamyl phosphate reductase is also used for anabolic proline synthesis (ProB‐ProA‐ProI). Transcription of the proHJ operon is osmotically inducible whereas that of the proBA operon is not. Targeted and quantitative proteome analysis revealed that the amount of ProA is not limiting for the interconnected anabolic and osmostress‐responsive proline production routes. A key player for enhanced osmostress‐adaptive proline production is the osmotically regulated proHJ promoter. We used site‐directed mutagenesis to study the salient features of this stress‐responsive promoter. Two important features were identified: (i) deviations of the proHJ promoter from the consensus sequence of SigA‐type promoters serve to keep transcription low under non‐inducing growth conditions, while still allowing a finely tuned induction of transcriptional activity when the external osmolarity is increased and (ii) a suboptimal spacer length for SigA‐type promoters of either 16‐bp (the natural proHJ promoter), or 18‐bp (a synthetic promoter variant) is strictly required to allow regulation of promoter activity in proportion to the external salinity. Collectively, our data suggest that changes in the local DNA structure at the proHJ promoter are important determinants for osmostress‐inducibility of transcription.