bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High bone fracture risk in a large modern cohort of liver transplant recipients
Authors: Zavatta Guido , Vitale Giovanni , Morelli Maria Cristina , Pianta Paolo , Turco Laura , Cappa Federica Mirici , Ravaioli Matteo , Cescon Matteo , Piscaglia Fabio , Altieri Paola , Pagotto Uberto ,   BOLTBO study group ,   Francesca Caputo,   Luca Vizioli,   Sonia Berardi,   Vittoria Vero,   Anna Baldan,   Roberto Di Donato,   Letizia Anna Marcantoni,   Mariachiara Corrado
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) has historically been associated with a high prevalence of osteoporosis, but most of the available data date back to late 1990s–early 2000s with limited sample size. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of bone fragility fractures and contributing factors in a large modern cohort of liver transplant recipients. Retrospective study of 429 consecutive patients receiving liver transplantation from 1/1/2010 to 31/12/2015. Final cohort included 366 patients. Electronic radiological images (lateral views of spine X-rays or Scout CT abdominal scans) performed within 6 months from LT, were blinded reviewed to screen for morphometric vertebral fractures. Symptomatic clinical fragility fractures were recorded from the medical records. Patients with fragility fractures in the cohort were 155/366 (42.3%), with no significant differences between sexes. Most sustained vertebral fractures (145/155, 93.5%), mild or moderate wedges, with severe fractures more frequently observed in women. Multiple vertebral fractures were common (41.3%). Fracture rates were similar across different etiologies of cirrhosis and independent of diabetes or glucocorticoids exposure. Kidney function was significantly worse in women with fractures. Independently of age, sex, alcohol use, eGFR, and etiology of liver disease, low BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk for fractures (adjusted OR 1.058, 95%CI 1.001–1.118, P = 0.046). Our study shows a considerable fracture burden in a large and modern cohort of liver transplant recipients. Given the very high prevalence of bone fractures, a metabolic bone disease screening should be implemented in patients awaiting liver transplantation.
Religion logic and family firms’ ethical behavior towards employees
Authors: Brunner-Kirchmair T. M. , Hiebl M. R. W. , Thaller J. , Wolf T. , Feldbauer-Durstmüller B. , Pernsteiner H. , Dick M. , Mayr S. , Wagner E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractReligiosity holds significant influence over organizational and entrepreneurial decision-making processes, yet its impact remains scarcely researched in existing business research. By conducting a qualitative field study involving 23 family firms we aim to investigate how religiosity shapes the ethical behavior of family firms towards their employees in a secularized context in Western Europe. Drawing on the institutional logics perspective and a qualitative field study of 23 family firms, we contribute a nuanced typology of how religiosity impacts these firms. We establish Integrator family firms, where religiosity is deeply embedded in both personal and professional lives; Separator family firms, where religiosity is considered to be a private matter (i.e., kept separate from the business); and Secular family firms, where religiosity does not influence business practices. While these three types of family firms exhibit similar ethical behavior towards employees, they differ markedly in how they motivate and justify their decision-making processes. Comparing these types of family firms, we not only identify complementarity (business and family logics) and conflict (business vs. religion logic) between institutional logics but also observe substitution. Specifically, in family firms where religion holds utmost prominence (i.e., Integrator family firms), the ubiquitous family logic is substituted by religion logic. Conflicts between logics are managed through various strategies. Integrator family firms employ a compromise strategy between business and religion logics, while Separator family firms use an avoidance strategy to address this issue. Finally, our results indicate secularization trends over recent decades, suggesting that the mobilization of logics may evolve over time.
A Strategy to Minimize the Chlorophyll Content in the Phenolic Extract of Sugar Beet Leaves: Can this Extract Work as a Natural Antioxidant in Vegetable Oils?
Authors: Ebrahimi Peyman , Bayram Ipek , Mihaylova Dasha , Lante Anna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The presence of chlorophylls in phenolic extracts may limit their use in food products due to undesirable coloration. This project seeks to minimize the co-extraction of chlorophylls during the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of polyphenols from sugar beet leaves (SBLs) by optimizing the extraction condition using response surface methodology (RSM). Optimization aimed to minimize the chlorophyll yield (CY) of the extraction while maximizing the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) with the lowest possible amount of sample. Optimized extraction parameters were 25% ethanol as solvent, 8 min extraction time, and 3.98% (w/v) solid:liquid ratio. The experimental values at optimized condition were 11.49 ± 0.66 mmol gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L TPC, 2.09 ± 0.06 mmol quercetin equivalent/L TFC, and 0.05 ± 0.01 mg/g CY. In the optimized extract, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was 3.16 ± 0.25 mmol trolox equivalent/L, and trans-ferulic acid had the highest concentration (123.39 ± 4.13 µmol/L) among the detected phenolic compounds. The optimized extract, at a phenolic concentration of 300 µmol GAE/L, chelated cupric and ferrous ions by 48.95 ± 1.06%, and 66.18 ± 1.31%, respectively. Adding the optimized extract to vegetable oils increased their oxidative stability significantly (p < 0.05). The antioxidant activity index of the optimized extract in all the cases was comparable to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), confirming that the obtained extract could be a reliable substitute for synthetic antioxidants. The results of this study are important in enhancing the utilization of extracts recovered from food by-products in the food industry.

Graphical Abstract
Implementeren van een rookvrij ziekenhuisterrein: vanzelfsprekend, maar niet vanzelf
Authors: Breunis Leonieke J. , Garritsen Heike H. , Rozema Andrea D. , Been Jasper V. 
Published: September 2024

SamenvattingRookvrije buitenterreinen beschermen tegen meeroken en kunnen (beginnen met) roken ontmoedigen. Gezien de voorbeeldrol van ziekenhuizen is het logisch dat zij een rookvrij buitenterrein hebben. De implementatie en borging hiervan brengen echter uitdagingen met zich mee. Het Amsterdam UMC en Erasmus MC Rotterdam hebben in 2019 een rookvrij buitenterrein gelanceerd. Implementatie was deels succesvol: rond de ziekenhuizen werd significant minder gerookt. Belangrijke succesfactoren waren een goede voorbereidingsstrategie om draagvlak te creëren, een uitgebreide communicatiestrategie, een positieve benadering, effectieve handhaving en ondersteuning bij stoppen met roken. In dit artikel bespreken we resterende uitdagingen op het gebied van naleving.
Position statement of Italian Society of Obesity (SIO): Gestational Obesity
Authors: Barrea Luigi , Camastra Stefania , Garelli Silvia , Guglielmi Valeria , Manco Melania , Velluzzi Fernanda , Barazzoni Rocco , Verde Ludovica , Muscogiuri Giovanna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Gestational obesity (GO) presents a multifaceted challenge to maternal and fetal health, with an escalating prevalence and far-reaching consequences extending beyond pregnancy. This perspective statement by the Italian Society of Obesity (SIO) provides current insights into the diagnosis, maternal and fetal impacts, and treatment strategies for managing this pressing condition.

Methods
This article provides a comprehensive review of the maternal and fetal effects of GO and provides suggestions on strategies for management. Comprehensive review was carried out using the MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases.

Results
The diagnosis of GO primarily relies on pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), although standardized criteria remain contentious. Anthropometric measures and body composition assessments offer valuable insights into the metabolic implications of GO. Women with GO are predisposed to several health complications, which are attributed to mechanisms such as inflammation and insulin resistance. Offspring of women with GO face heightened risks of perinatal complications and long-term metabolic disorders, indicating intergenerational transmission of obesity-related effects. While nutritional interventions are a cornerstone of management, their efficacy in mitigating complications warrants further investigation. Additionally, while pharmacological interventions have been explored in other contexts, evidence on their safety and efficacy specifically for GO remains lacking, necessitating further investigation.

Conclusion
GO significantly impacts maternal and fetal health, contributing to both immediate and long-term complications. Effective management requires a multifaceted approach, including precise diagnostic criteria, personalized nutritional interventions, and potential pharmacological treatments. These findings underscore the need for individualized care strategies and further research to optimize outcomes for mothers and their offspring are needed. Enhanced understanding and management of GO can help mitigate its intergenerational effects, improving public health outcomes.
Level of evidence: Level V narrative review.
‘your brother’s blood cries out to me from the ground’ Ignacio Ellacuría, S.J. on the role of the Catholic university
Authors: McKinney Stephen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe assassination of Ignacio Ellacuría and seven others at the Universidad Centroamericana José Simeon Cañas (UCA) in San Salvador in 1989 has had a deep and profound impact on the world-wide Jesuit community and the Catholic Church. His philosophy and theology of liberation have been carefully studied, as has his vision and operation of the UCA which was rooted in the preferential option for the poor. This preferential option for the poor at UCA was practised at a time of extreme oppression of the ordinary people and during a brutal civil war in El Salvador. This article provides a concise examination of his life, work and vision for the university and the lasting influence of his ideas on Jesuit thinking on social justice, social outreach and the Catholic university.
Hijacking the hijacking thesis: the conceptualization of christianity in the New Right journal Sezession
Authors: Meister Wanda 
Published: September 2024

AbstractActive for the past 20 years, Sezession is one of the most important journals of the German New Right intellectual milieu. Despite its longevity, and the importance of its contributors, Sezession has not garnered great attention in the study of the German New Right and its use of religious, namely Christian rhetoric. This article takes Sezession and its employment of religious references as a starting point to question the predominant scholarly thesis that the New Right, and the far right at large, instrumentalize Christianity. This study works through the method of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) that considers both a quantitative data analysis of the number of references throughout the timeframe (2011–2018) and a qualitative analysis engaging with the portrayals of Islam and Christianity in the context of the texts. It is concluded that the conceptualization of Christianity allows its writers to present themselves as right-wing liberative Christians seeking to resist their victimization at the hands of the Church and socio-political leitkultur. Arguing that the New Right merely instrumentalize Christianity for a political purpose strengthens their theological self-portrait: being perceived as an illegitimate, inauthentic, and ousted minority—be that in the public sphere or the Church—is part of the infrastructure of their Christian and political character.
Durability performance of concrete incorporated with alkali-activated artificial aggregates
Authors: Bekkeri Gopal Bharamappa , Shetty Kiran K. , Nayak Gopinatha , Kumar K A Abhilash 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe surge in infrastructure projects has spurred a surge in demand for concrete, putting pressure on the supply of key raw materials, notably aggregates. Innovative approaches have been devised to address this challenge, including developing alkali-activated artificial aggregates (AAAs). These aggregates were crafted from a blend of seashell powder, fly ash, and slag through an alkali-activation cold-bonding technique. The concrete containing up to 50% replacement of natural coarse aggregates with AAAs depicted optimum mechanical properties. As the studies on the durability perspective of concrete with artificial aggregates were limited, extensive studies on durability characteristics, such as resistance to elevated temperature, acid, sulfate, chloride, seawater intrusion, reinforcement corrosion, and others, were determined. Some prime results of alkali-activated artificial aggregate concrete (AAAC) mix after 90 days of curing depicted a water absorption of range 0.16–0.2% and sorptivity of 1.86–7.43 × 10− 5 mm/Sect. 0.5.When exposed to the sulphuric acid solution, the strength loss ranges between 41.66 and 43.89%, and the thermal conductivity was 1.08–1.98 W/m⁰C. Mass loss of steel bars embedded in concrete mixes exposed to accelerated corrosion test varied between 24.5 and 33.5 g for a cover of 40 mm. In addition, at an elevated temperature of 800⁰C, the concrete mixes presented a strength loss range of 15.38–20.4%. Overall, the comprehensive findings of this study underscore the viability of artificial aggregate-based concrete in meeting stringent durability standards. Moreover, by repurposing waste materials, this research significantly contributes to sustainable construction practices, curbing the environmental footprint of concrete production while enhancing its performance and longevity.
Evaluating production optimization strategies for carbon dioxide recovery: insights from a natural carbon dioxide processing plant
Authors: Monge Emmanuel , Kichonge Baraka 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article investigates production optimization strategies for carbon dioxide recovery using a natural Carbon dioxide Processing Plant as a case study. The study assesses various optimization techniques including hydraulic fracturing, matrix acidizing, and drilling new wells based on productivity, optimal producing time, financial analysis, risk assessment, and environmental impact assessment. The analysis employs a least summation score ranking method to estimate the most suitable technique. Findings reveal that drilling a new carbon dioxide producing well emerges as the preferred option due to its favorable scores across all criteria, including high productivity, extended optimal producing time, low risk, minimal environmental impact, and positive incremental net present value, signifying its profitability and project viability. The study recommends a five year model verification, improvement and history matching program should be adopted in order to understand reservoir processes taking and detect operational issues together with identifying opportunities to improve reservoir description and data acquisition program.
Dynamic Modelling and Performance Analysis of Deployable Telescopic Tubular Mast
Authors: Sun Tongtong , Gasbarri Paolo , Du Lin , Deng Zichen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis work presents the longitudinal and transverse coupling vibrations of a deployable Telescopic Tubular Mast (TTM), a multi-stepped structure integrated into a spacecraft system, while considering the rigid-flexible coupling phenomenon. The model is derived using the principle of virtual work and discretized via the variable separation method. The von Kármán strain is employed to incorporate geometric nonlinear effects. Semi-analytical results for the shape functions and natural frequencies of the quasi-static multi-stepped boom are obtained using the extended transfer matrix method (ETMM). These natural frequencies are validated against results from Nastran, confirming the ETMM's accuracy. In addition, the model accounts for the continuously changing natural frequencies and shape functions during the deployment phase. Finally, the dynamic phenomena of the longitudinal and transverse displacements are analyzed at various deploying states, including locking and restart behaviors. The influence of the structural damping on the vibration evolution is also contained in the numerical analysis.
Biochar is a long-lived form of carbon removal, making evidence-based CDR projects possible
Authors: Chiaramonti David , Lehmann Johannes , Berruti Franco , Giudicianni Paola , Sanei Hamed , Masek Ondrej 
Published: September 2024

AbstractScience should drive policies and regulations to ensure a sustainable (environmentally, socially, and economically) green transition to a Net-Zero / Net-Negative circular economy. Since 2015, which saw COP21 in Paris, Net Zero has been a global target that must be rapidly accompanied by a Net Negative strategy to mitigate climate change. Accordingly, biochar's role as a durable carbon removal method is gaining attention and increasing. In this work, we discuss the durability of the carbon in biochar and the need for analytical techniques to support stakeholders on a project level. The different ecologically relevant groups of carbon forms contained in biochar are presented, and possible project-based methods to assess the quality and durability of the product versus the regulatory requirements for the permanence of carbon removals are summarized. Biochar is today one of the CDR technologies with the highest technology readiness level (TRL 8–9) that can ensure permanent removals for time frames relevant to climate change mitigation projects, combined with co-benefits that are gaining relevance in terms of mitigating climate impacts in agricultural soils.
Graphical Abstract
Establishment of a genome‐editing system to create fragrant germplasm in sweet sorghum
Authors: Cheng Zixiang , Li Ke , Liu Hongxiu , Wei Xingen , Yin Tao , Xing Xin , Han Lida , Sui Yi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSorghum, the fifth largest global cereal crop, comprises various types, such as grain, sweet, forage, and biomass sorghum, delineated by their designated end uses. Among these, sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) stands out for its unique versatility, exceptional abiotic stress tolerance and large biomass serving the multi-purpose of high-sugar forage, syrup, and biofuel production. Despite its significance, functional genomic research and biotechnological breeding in sweet sorghum are still in nascent stages, necessitating more efficient genetic transformation and genome-editing techniques. This study unveils Gaoliangzhe (GZ), an elite sweet sorghum variety for heightened resistance to salinity and drought. Through the establishment of an Agrobacterium tumefaciens‐mediated genetic transformation and CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing system in GZ, a breakthrough is achieved. Using genome-editing technology, we first produced a fragrant sweet sorghum line by targeting the BETAINE ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 2 (SbBADH2) gene. Our results establish a strong foundation for further functional genomic research and biotechnological breeding of sweet-sorghum varieties.
Dear John: Letter Writing as a Narrative Therapy Intervention
Authors: Tadros Eman , Presley Sarah , Ramadan Abrea 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLetter writing has been shown to be an effective intervention for individuals when navigating complex emotions, such as grief, guilt, or loss or shame. In navigating a romantic relationship, letter writing can be an effective tool to express one’s feelings in a healthy and productive manner. It is important that the individual understands the outline of writing and sending a letter, in order to clearly articulate their thoughts to the individual that they are in a romantic relationship with. An underlying humanistic counseling approach lays the framework for considering the whole person with an emphasis on strengths. Through narrative therapy, one is able to rewrite their own story and conceptualize alternative endings. Applying letter writing to couples as well as rules, procedures, and an example of a letter is included to demonstrate the potential efficacy of this intervention. Covid implications and future research directions are provided.
Methods in causal inference. Part 4: confounding in experiments
Authors: Bulbulia Joseph A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Confounding bias arises when a treatment and outcome share a common cause. In randomised controlled experiments (trials), treatment assignment is random, ostensibly eliminating confounding bias. Here, we use causal directed acyclic graphs to unveil eight structural sources of bias that nevertheless persist in these trials. This analysis highlights the crucial role of causal inference methods in the design and analysis of experiments, ensuring the validity of conclusions drawn from experimental data.
The complexity of opportunities to respond used by mothers and fathers of children with Down syndrome: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Elmquist Marianne , Ford Andrea L.B. , Sterling Audra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Caregiver-child interactions are commonly used to examine children’s language learning environment. However, few studies consider interaction configurations beyond dyadic interactions or explore the conceptual complexity of caregiver talk. Thus, we examined if the complexity of a caregiver’s opportunities to respond (OTR) varied when sampled across three interaction configurations. Our study included twelve preschool-aged children with Down syndrome and both of their biological parents. Our preliminary findings suggest no differences in mothers’ and fathers’ frequency of OTRs across complexity levels during dyadic interactions. However, caregivers produced fewer OTRs across complexity levels during family choice than dyadic interactions.
Heritage language development in Spanish–English-speaking preschoolers: Influences on growth and challenges in the first year of English-only instruction
Authors: Montanari Simona , Simon-Cereijido Gabriela , Bai Jieru , Subrahmanyam Kaveri 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the changes in the Spanish lexical and grammatical skills of 26 Spanish–English dual language learners during their first year of preschool. We also explore the impact of age, gender, and maternal cultural orientation on children’s language outcomes over time. The results show that, despite one year of English-only instruction, the children’s Spanish productions became more intelligible, lexically diverse, and grammatical between 3;7 and 4;7. However, Spanish productions were mostly limited to sentence fragments and contained errors in grammatical gender, verb morphology, object clitic pronouns, and prepositions. Girls had an advantage over boys, as attested by the higher lexical diversity, mean length of utterance, and grammaticality of their Spanish productions. Both maternal enculturation and acculturation predicted the grammaticality of children’s utterances, suggesting that mothers with high levels of orientation to both Latinx and American culture may be the most successful at promoting Spanish in the United States.