bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dühring on Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Authors: Jackson Robert 
Published: July 2017

Background: In the late 1800s there was much confusion over the nomenclature and classification of persistent, very itchy vesiculo-bullous eruptions. Objective: To review Dühring's contribution to clarifying this confusion. Conclusion: By his detailed, perceptive, clinical, and histologic reports over many years, Dühring contributed greatly to organizing our clinical concepts of bullous disorders.
Use of Biomarkers to Guide Decisions on Adjuvant Systemic Therapy for Women With Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Focused Update
Authors: Krop Ian , Ismaila Nofisat , Andre Fabrice , Bast Robert C. , Barlow William , Collyar Deborah E. , Hammond M. Elizabeth , Kuderer Nicole M. , Liu Minetta C. , Mennel Robert G. , Van Poznak Catherine , Wolff Antonio C. , Stearns Vered 
Published: July 2017

Purpose This focused update addresses the use of MammaPrint (Agendia, Irvine, CA) to guide decisions on the use of adjuvant systemic therapy. Methods ASCO uses a signals approach to facilitate guideline updates. For this focused update, the publication of the phase III randomized MINDACT (Microarray in Node-Negative and 1 to 3 Positive Lymph Node Disease May Avoid Chemotherapy) study to evaluate the MammaPrint assay in 6,693 women with early-stage breast cancer provided a signal. An expert panel reviewed the results of the MINDACT study along with other published literature on the MammaPrint assay to assess for evidence of clinical utility. Recommendations If a patient has hormone receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative, node-negative breast cancer, the MammaPrint assay may be used in those with high clinical risk to inform decisions on withholding adjuvant systemic chemotherapy due to its ability to identify a good-prognosis population with potentially limited chemotherapy benefit. Women in the low clinical risk category did not benefit from chemotherapy regardless of genomic MammaPrint risk group. Therefore, the MammaPrint assay does not have clinical utility in such patients. If a patient has hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative, node-positive breast cancer, the MammaPrint assay may be used in patients with one to three positive nodes and a high clinical risk to inform decisions on withholding adjuvant systemic chemotherapy. However, such patients should be informed that a benefit from chemotherapy cannot be excluded, particularly in patients with greater than one involved lymph node. The clinician should not use the MammaPrint assay to guide decisions on adjuvant systemic therapy in patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative, node-positive breast cancer at low clinical risk, nor any patient with HER2-positive or triple-negative breast cancer, because of the lack of definitive data in these populations. Additional information can be found at www.asco.org/breast-cancer-guidelines and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki .
Clinician Attitudes Regarding ICD Deactivation in DNR/DNI Patients
Authors: Bradley Andrew J. , Marks Adam D. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUNDImplantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs) offer lifesaving therapies but can become burdensome at the end of life. Many ICD patients choose to implement a do‐not‐resuscitate/do‐not‐intubate (DNR/DNI) order. When hospitalized, patients are seen by a range of clinicians whose beliefs about ICD management in DNR/DNI patients may vary.OBJECTIVETo assess clinician opinions on managing ICDs in DNR/DNI patients and stratify it by specialty and training level.METHODSAn online survey was sent to attending physicians, fellows, advanced practice providers (physician assistants and nurse practitioners), and residents in general internal medicine, cardiology, electrophysiology, and geriatrics at an academic medical center. Residents were compared to attending physicians, and attending physicians were additionally stratified by specialty.RESULTSThe response rate was 32%, yielding 161 complete responses. Among residents (n = 73), 49.3% were comfortable with discussing ICD deactivation and 16.4% asked about it routinely. By contrast, among attending physicians (n = 66), 78.8% were comfortable with discussing deactivation and 34.8% routinely asked. Fewer general internists (19.2% of inpatient internists, 10.5% of outpatient internists) routinely asked about ICD deactivation as compared with 83.3% of geriatricians and 73.3% of cardiologists/electrophysiologists. Twenty‐one percent of all respondents felt a DNR/DNI order equated to requesting ICD deactivation; Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) guidelines favor a more nuanced approach.CONCLUSIONSResidents are less comfortable discussing ICD deactivation than attending physicians and do so less frequently. General internists discuss deactivation less routinely than cardiologists and geriatricians. Many providers hold opinions about ICD deactivation that differ from HRS guidelines. Additional didactic education could help close these gaps in clinician practice.
Cardiac catheterisation and the promotion of positive coping and self-management
Authors: Roberts-Collins Cara , Anderson Cate , MacCallam Jackie , Randle-Phillips Cathy , Medley Andrew 
Published: July 2017

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic condition, which is diagnosed and monitored using cardiac catheterisation (CATH). This procedure can be anxiety-provoking; however, most patients undergo CATH without any formal psychological support. Aims: This study aimed to better understand the psychological impact of the CATH, positive coping and self-management skills, from patients' and professionals' perspectives. Method: Ten patients and ten staff members at a hospital in the South West of England were interviewed. Results: Thematic analysis resulted in complimentary patient and professional themes. These included: the importance of recognising individual differences, the patient–staff relationship, and the practical and emotional journey of the CATH. Findings suggest that factors which enhance a patient's understanding and sense of control were associated with positive coping. Conclusion: Recommendations with important implications for increasing patient control and choice, and promoting positive coping for patients, were made to the service.
Teaching clinical reasoning to medical students
Authors: Amey Lisa , Donald Kenneth J , Teodorczuk Andrew 
Published: July 2017

Clinical reasoning is often not explicitly addressed in the early medical school curriculum. As a result, students observe the process while on clinical placements with little or no understanding of the complex processes underlying it. Clinical reasoning has significant implications for patient safety. Medical errors as a consequence of faulty reasoning contribute to patient morbidity and mortality. Educating medical students at an early stage about the processes of clinical reasoning and strategies to avoid associated errors can have positive impacts upon patient safety. The authors propose that clinical reasoning should be taught as early as the first year of medical school, using frameworks, anatomical knowledge and mnemonics. Using this approach with simulated cases during the pre-clinical years, students will be equipped with an understanding of the clinical reasoning process as it unfolds before them while on clinical placements, enhancing their overall learning experience.
CORRIM: The 20th Anniversary That Was More Than 40 Years in the Making*
Authors: Bowyer Jim L. , Lippke Bruce R. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In commemorating almost anything, it can be easy to forget what came before the event celebrated. In the case of the Committee on Renewable Resources for Industrial Materials (CORRIM) or, more accurately CORRIM II, the roots are deep, extending at least back to 1970. This report chronicles the events leading up to the creation of the original CORRIM effort, outlines the early history of CORRIM II, and includes observations regarding future directions. The story begins around the time of the first Earth Day, involves a congressionally authorized initiative focused on industrial raw materials that largely ignored renewables, leads to action by the wood science and technology community to include consideration in federal policymaking of wood and agriculturally derived material, and results in the formation of CORRIM I. After a period of several decades during which raw material issues loom progressively larger, the story resumes with the reengagement of the wood science community concurrent with development of a new environmental impact evaluation tool—life-cycle assessment—and concludes with incorporation of CORRIM II in 1996. The end of the story, however, is also the beginning, with much already accomplished but much yet to be done.
From teacher dependency to learner independence: a study of Saudi learners’ readiness for autonomous learning of English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Alrabai Fakieh 
Published: July 2017

This study attempts to assess the readiness of Saudi students for independent/autonomous learning, with a focus on learning of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The study used a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to gain insights from a population of 319 students (aged 15-24) about their perceptions of responsibilities, decision-making abilities, motivation, involvement in autonomy-related activities, and capacity to take charge of their own learning. The findings of the study confirmed the relatively low readiness of Saudi EFL learners for independent learning (M = 3.06 on a scale of 1 to 5, SD =.31). Learners demonstrated low responsibility levels, since only 17.27% of them perceived that they accept sole responsibility for their EFL learning. Respondents reported a moderate level of ability (M = 3.63) and motivation (M = 3.70) to learn English. A considerable percentage of participants (27.29%) reported that they are rarely involved in self-directed activities; they demonstrated high levels of teacher dependency and low levels of learner independence. Despite the participants’ reasonable level of awareness of the nature of learner autonomy and its demands, their responses identified them as EFL learners with low autonomy. This study informs EFL learning stakeholders in Saudi Arabia that learners’ readiness for such conditions must be developed before interventions aimed at promoting autonomy are implemented in this context.
.هيتاذ ةروصب ةيزيلجنلإا ةغللا ملعتل نييدوعسلا بلاطلا ةيزهاج ىدم ميقت نأ ةساردلا هذه لواحت تفظونايبتسا ةساردلا ا تلاباقمو رظن ةهجو ىلع لوصحلل319 لوح ابلاط يتاذ لكشب ملعتلل ةيلوئسملا مهلمحت ىدمةيعفادلا ،رارقلا ذاختا ىلع مهتردق ، ةغللا ملعتلةيبنجلاا ةغللا ملعتل نييدوعسلا بلاطلا ةيزهاج فعض ةساردلا جئاتن تتبثا .يتاذ لكشب ملعتلا ىلع ةردقلاو ،ةيتاذلا ةطشنلأا يف ةكراشملا ،يلجنلإا = طسوتم( يتاذ لكشب ةيز3.06 = يرايعم فارحنا ،31. ثيح يتاذ لكشب ملعتلل ةيلوئسملل مهلمحت فعض نوكراشملا تبثا .)تبسن ام ىعداه طقف(17.27 ملعتلا ىلع ةردقلل ةطسوتم تايوتسم نوكراشملا سكع نيح يف كلذل مهلمحت نيكراشملا يلامجا نم )%3.63ةيعفادلاو ) لجنلإا ةغللا ملعتل( ةيزي3.70( نيكراشملا نم ةريبك ةبسن سكعت .)27.83يف مهتكراشم مدع )% يتاذلا ملعتلا ةطشنأ ريبك لكشب دامتعلااولوح نوكراشملا اهادبا يتلا ةطسوتملا تايوتسملا نم مغرلا ىلع .سفنلا ىلع دامتعلاا فعضو ملعملا ىلع فارتعلاا بمهتاباجا نا لاا هتابلطتمو يتاذلا ملعتلا ةيمهأ هذه يصوت .يتاذلا ملعتلل مهتيزهاج مدع تتبثا ةلباقملا ةلئساو نايبتسلاا ىلعلا جمد ةلواحم لبق يتاذلا ملعتلل ةبسانملا ةئيبلا ريفوتب ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلمملا يف ةيزيلجنلإا ةغللا ملعت نع نيلوئسملا ةساردلا يف بلاط .ملعتلا نم عونلا اذه
Emirati student recruitment and retention in nursing education
Authors: Devadas Briliya 
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate factors surrounding low Emirati student recruitment and retention within a nursing programme in the Abu Dhabi Emirate. A sequential explanatory mixed methods research design was used to collect data from 140 Emirati students at different levels of the nursing program. Questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and related document analyses were used to collect information for this study. Quantitative analysis revealed that overall participants perceived the Emirati society as holding a positive image of nursing, though a majority of them indicated that nursing as a profession, would be a third or last choice of career for them. Inferential analysis on the reasons to choose or not choose nursing, revealed an opportunity to work as part of the team; and as a stepping stone to other professions as significant reasons, versus perceived program difficulty level, and perceived unpleasant tasks. Thematic analysis of interviews highlighted: 1) personal interest; 2) parental support; 3) awareness of the profession; 4) perceived barriers; 5) potential benefits, and 6) policies at the local and national levels. The study has several implications for nursing education and policy in the United Arab Emirates and the region.
.يبظوبأ ةرامإ يف ضيرمتلا جمانرب نمض مهب ظافتحﻻاو نييتارامﻹا ةبلطلا ددع ةلقب ةطيحملا لماوعلا ةسارد وه ةساردلا هذه نم ضرغلا نم تانايبلا عيمجتل ةطلتخم قرط يف لسلستم يثحب ميمصت مادختسا مت دقو 140 .ضيرمتلا جمانرب تايوتسم فلتخم ىلع ايتارامإ ابلاط تسﻻا تلمعتسا ةيبلغأ نأ يمكلا ليلحتلا فشك و .ةساردلا هذهل تامولعملا عمجل ةلصلا تاذ قئاثولا تﻼيلحتو ةمظنملا هبش تﻼباقملاو تانايب ضيرمتلا نأ ىلإ تراشأ مهتيبلغأ نأ نم مغرلا ىلع ،ضيرمتلل ةيباجيإ ةروص لمحي هنأ ىلع يتارامﻹا عمتجملا ىلإ نورظني نيكراشملا مهرايخ نوكيس ،ةنهمك ضيرمتلا رايتخا مدع وأ رايتخا بابسﻷ يلﻻدتسﻻا ليلحتلا يف و .مهل ةبسنلاب ةيفيظولا ةايحلا نم ريخﻷا وأ ثلاثلا ةماه ةيباجيإ بابسأك ،ىرخأ نهمل قﻼطنا ةطقنك وأ ؛قيرفلا نم ءزجك لمعلل ةصرف نع جئاتنلا تفشك ،ةيبلسلاو ةيباجيﻹا بابسﻷا لباقم ا يف و،ضيرمتلا رايتخﻻ رايتخا مدعل ةريبك ةيبلس بابسأ اهنأ ىلع ، اهيف بوغرملا ريغ ماهملاو ،جمانربلا ةبوعص ىوتسم ىلإ رظنلا ،لباقمل :تﻼباقملل يعيضاوملا ليلحتلا زربأو .ةنهمك ضيرمتلا 1 ( ؛ةيصخشلا ةحلصملا 2 ( ؛نيدلاولا معد 3 ( ةنهملاب يعولا ؛ 4 ( ؛ةعقوتملا زجاوحلا 5 ( و ،ةلمتحملا دئاوفلا 6 ( ةلود يف هتاسايسو ضيرمتلا ميلعت ىلع تاروصت ةدع ةساردلا هذهلو .ينطولاو يلحملا نييوتسملا ىلع تاسايسلا ةقطنملاو ةدحتملا ةيبرعلا تارامﻹا .
Discrimination of performance tiers and prediction of success in introductory physics courses using a statistical method for establishing cutoff scores
Authors: Alarfaj Maher M. , Secolsky Charles , Alshaya Fahad S. 
Published: July 2017

This study sheds light on the prediction of success using cutoff scores for student grades adopted for a required Physics pathway course for study in a health professions program at King Saud University in Saudi Arabia. Data on course grade and GPA for approximately 10,000 students enrolled in this course between 2008–2014, were analyzed. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine cutoffs for course grades using ranges of GPA. This procedure has promise as a new method for quantitatively arriving at cutoff scores using an external criterion requiring less human judgment than most existing standard setting methods. The cutoff scores produced show that GPAs of students who complete the Physics course yield successive performance tiers that are lower than expected. In addition, the correlation between GPA and course grade for Physics is only 0.63 and therefore only 39% of the variation in GPA explains course grade. As a result of the findings of the study, the decision was made to maintain the existing standards thereby requiring higher grades in the Physics course for students seeking to enter a health professions course of study.
ﻧﺗﻟا ﺎﮭﺗردﻗو ﺔﯾدﺣﻟا تﺎﺟردﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ءوﺿﻟا ﺔﯾﻟﺎﺣﻟا ﺔﺳاردﻟا طﻠﺳﺗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺑﻠطﻟا حﺎﺟﻧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﯾؤﺑﻲﻟوﻻا ءﺎﯾزﯾﻔﻟا ررﻘﻣ زﯾﻓ)145( ، دﻌﯾ يذﻟاوﻠﻋ ﺎﯾﺳﺎﺳا ﺎﺑﻠطﺗﻣكﻠﻣﻟا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻲﻓ ﺔﯾﺣﺻﻟا تﺎﺻﺻﺧﺗﻟا ﺔﺑﻠط ﻰ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺗﻣﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﯾﺑﻟا ﻊﻣﺟ مﺗ دﻘﻓ ﺔﯾﻠﻋو ،ﺔﯾدوﻌﺳﻟا ﺔﯾﺑرﻌﻟا ﺔﻛﻠﻣﻣﻟﺎﺑ دوﻌﺳ نﻣ برﺎﻘﯾ ﺎﻣﻟ ررﻘﻣﻟا اذھ تﺎﺟردﺑ10000 ماوﻋﻻا نﯾﺑ ررﻘﻣﻟا اذﮭﺑ اوﻘﺣﺗﻟا نﯾذﻠﻟا ﺔﺑﻠطﻟا نﻣ2008 - 2014 .ﺔﯾﻣﻛارﺗﻟا مﮭﺗﻻدﻌﻣو ،م ﺗﻟو مادﺧﺗﺳا مﺗ دﻘﻓ ،تﺎﻧﺎﯾﺑﻟا هذھ لﯾﻠﺣ تﺎﯾﻠﻣﻌﻟا لﯾﻐﺷﺗ ﺔﯾﺻﺎﺧ ﻰﻧﺣﻧﻣReceiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) تﺎﺟردﻟا دﯾدﺣﺗﻟ نﻣ دﺣﻟاو ﺔﯾدﺣﻟا تﺎﺟردﻟا ﻰﻟا لوﺻوﻠﻟ ﺔﺛﯾدﺣﻟا ﺔﯾﻣﻛﻟا قرطﻟا نﻣ ﺔﻘﯾرطﻟا هذھ دﻌﺗ ثﯾﺣ ،ﺔﯾﻣﻛارﺗﻟا تﻻدﻌﻣﻟا نﻣ ﺔﻔﻠﺗﺧﻣ تﺎﻗﺎطﻧﻟ ﺔﯾدﺣﻟارﯾﺛﺄﺗﻟا .يرﺷﺑﻟا نﻣﺿ نﺎﻛ ررﻘﻣﻟا اذھ زﺎﺗﺟا نﻣﻟ ﺔﯾﻣﻛارﺗﻟا تﻻدﻌﻣﻟا نا ﻰﻟا ترﺎﺷا دﻗ ﺎﮭﯾﻠﻋ لوﺻﺣﻟا مﺗ ﻲﺗﻟا ﮫﯾدﺣﻟا تﺎﺟردﻟا نﺎﻓ ﺔﯾﻠﻋو تﻐﻠﺑ ﺔﺑﻠطﻟا تﺎﺟردو ﺔﯾﻣﻛارﺗﻟا تﻻدﻌﻣﻟا نﯾﺑ ﺔﯾطﺎﺑﺗرﻻا ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟا نا ﺎﻣﻛ ،ﻊﻗوﺗﻣﻟا نﻣ لﻗا تﺎﻗﺎطﻧ0.63 ﻲﻧﻌﯾ ﺎﻣﻣ ، نا 39% نﻣتﺎﻧﯾﺎﺑﺗﻟا ﺔﯾﻣھا نﯾﺑﺗﯾ ﺞﺋﺎﺗﻧ نﻣ ﺔﯾﻠﻋ لوﺻﺣﻟا مﺗ ﺎﻣﻟ ﺎﻘﻓوو .رﻘﻣﻟا كﻟذ ﻲﻓ مﮭﺗﺎﺟرد رﯾﺳﻔﺗ ﻲﻓ مﮭﺳﺗ نا نﻛﻣﯾ ﺔﺑﻠطﻠﻟ ﺔﯾﻣﻛارﺗﻟا تﻻدﻌﻣﻟا ﻲﻓﺔظﻓﺎﺣﻣﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ررﻘﻣﻟا رﯾﯾﺎﻌﻣﺔﯾﻟﺎﺣﻟا ﻊﻣدﯾﻛﺄﺗ لوﺻﺣﺔﺑﻠطﻟا تﺎﺻﺻﺧﺗﻟﺎﺑ قﺎﺣﺗﻟﻼﻟ نﯾﺑﻏارﻟاﺔﯾﺣﺻﻟا تﺎﺟرد ﻰﻠﻋﺔﻌﻔﺗرﻣ .ءﺎﯾزﯾﻔﻟا ررﻘﻣ ﻲﻓ
Signal‐Regulated Protein Kinases/Protein Kinase B‐p53‐BH3–Interacting Domain Death Agonist Pathway Regulates Gingipain‐Induced Apoptosis in Osteoblasts
Authors: Zhang Fuping , Qiu Qihong , Song Xiangchen , Chen Yuting , Wu Juan , Liang Min 
Published: July 2017

Background: Gingipains are cysteine proteases produced by Porphyromonas gingivalis, the predominant pathogen in chronic periodontitis. The present study aims to examine the role of gingipains in promoting apoptosis in osteoblasts.Methods: Human calvarial osteoblasts and osteoblast MC3T3‐E1 cells were treated with 8.348 U/L gingipains. Flow cytometry analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxy‐UTP nick end labeling staining were used to detect cell apoptosis. Protein expression was examined by Western blotting, and gene expression was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Small interfering (si)RNA transfection was used to knock down BH3‐interacting domain death agonist (Bid) expression.Results: Treatment with 8.348 U/L gingipains from 4 to 72 hours increased apoptosis, accompanied by elevated cleaved caspase‐3 levels. Notably, gingipain‐induced apoptosis was associated with increase of Bid and its truncated form, tBid, as well as p53. Transfection with Bid siRNA resulted in suppression of gingipain‐induced apoptosis. The p53 inhibitor, Pifithrin‐α, blocked the gingipain‐induced Bid. The ability of gingipains to stimulate p53 and Bid expression was mimicked by PD‐0325901 and MK‐2206, the specific extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases (ERK) and protein kinase B (PKB) inhibitors, respectively. Furthermore, treatment with gingipains reduced phospho‐ERK and phospho‐PKB levels, an effect correlated to gingipain‐induced increase in p53 and tBid expression.Conclusion: The present findings suggest that Bid plays an essential role in gingipain‐induced osteoblast apoptosis, which is dependent on inhibition of ERK and PKB phosphorylation, followed by the activation of p53.
Axial fan blade vibration under inlet cross-flow
Authors: Heinemann Till , Becker Stefan 
Published: July 2017

In thermal power plants equipped with air-cooled condensers, axial cooling fans operate under the influence of ambient flow fields.
Under inlet cross-flow conditions, the resultant asymmetric flow field is known to introduce additional harmonic forces to the fan blades.
This effect has previously been studied only numerically or using blade mounted strain gauges.
For this study, Laser Scanning Vibrometry was used to assess fan blade vibration under inlet cross-flow conditions in an adapted fan test rig inside a wind tunnel test section.
Two co-rotating laser beams scanned a low pressure axial fan, resulting in spectral, phase resolved surface vibration patterns of the fan blades.
Two distinct operating points were examined, with and without inlet cross-flow influence.
While almost identical fan vibration patterns were found for both reference operating points, overall blade vibration increased by 100% at low fan flow rate due to cross-flow, and by 20% at high fan flow rate.
While numerically predicted natural frequency modes could be confirmed from experimental data as minor peaks in the vibration amplitude spectrum, they were not excited significantly by cross-flow.
Instead, primarily higher rotation rate harmonics were amplified, i.a. a synchronous blade tip flapping was strongly excited at the blade pass frequency.
POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION EXERCISES ON BLOOD FLOW KINETICS OF DIFFERENT POPULATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH A SUITABLE APPROACH
Authors: Sá-Caputo Danúbia , Paineiras-Domingos Laisa , Carvalho-Lima Rafaelle , Dias-Costa Glenda , De Paiva Patrícia de Castro , De Azeredo Claudia Figueiredo , Resende Carmo Roberto Carlos , Dionello Carla F. , Moreira-Marconi Eloá , F.F. Frederico Éric Heleno , Sousa-Gonçalves Cintia Renata , Morel Danielle S. , Paiva Dulciane N. , Avelar Núbia C.P. , Lacerda Ana C. , Magalhães Carlos E.V. , Castro Leonardo S. , Presta Giuseppe A. , Paoli Severo de , Sañudo Borja , Bernardo-Filho Mario 
Published: July 2017

Background: The ability to control skin blood flow decreases with advancing age and some clinical disorders, as in diabetes and in rheumatologic diseases. Feasible clinical strategies such as whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE) are being used without a clear understanding of its effects. The aim of the present study is to review the effects of the WBVE on blood flow kinetics and its feasibility in different populations.
Material and Methods: The level of evidence (LE) of selected papers in PubMed and/or PEDRo databases was determined. We selected randomized, controlled trials in English to be evaluated.
Results: Six studies had LE II, one had LE III-2 and one III-3 according to the NHMRC. A great variability among the protocols was observed but also in the assessment devices; therefore, more research about this topic is warranted.
Conclusion: Despite the limitations, it is can be concluded that the use of WBVE has proven to be a safe and useful strategy to improve blood flow. However, more studies with greater methodological quality are needed to clearly define the more suitable protocols.
Pilot-Scale Experimental Study and Mathematical Modeling of Buoyant Settling of Immiscible Heavy Fluid in Mud To Stop Annular-Gas Migration Above Leaking Cement
Authors: Demirci Efecan , Wojtanowicz Andrew K. 
Published: July 2017

Summary
Annular casing pressure (ACP) is defined as the accumulated pressure on the casing head. If pressure returns after bleed-down, then the casing annulus is said to be showing sustained casing pressure (SCP). SCP is caused by late gas migration in the annular-fluid column above the top of leaking cement and may result in atmospheric emissions or underground blowouts. Removal of SCP is required in places where SCP is regulated, particularly before the well-plugging and abandonment operations. Annular-intervention methods for SCP removal, which are less expensive than the conventional downhole-intervention methods, typically involve injecting heavy fluid into the affected annulus that would displace the annular fluid (AF), balance the pressure at the top of cement, and stop the gas leakage. Previous studies stated that the use of immiscible combinations of two fluids is more effective for the purpose; however, inattentive applications may result in excessive use of heavy fluid. In this study, a 20-ft carbon-steel pilot-well annulus was manufactured and used for displacement experiments with various water-based drilling muds and heavy fluids with different properties. Pressure-change data were collected from four different levels of the annulus, and volumes of fluids going in and out of the annulus were measured. Experiments indicated the formation of a mixture zone that would build bottoms up and expand during ongoing displacement. The proposed pressure-buildup model suggests an exponential distribution of density of this zone, and shows its high dependency on fluids’ properties and injection rate. The mathematical models were also converted into dimensionless process measures and proposed for use in real-well applications. The study demonstrates the viability and recommends the correct application of the method.