bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep and cognitive decline: A prospective nondemented elderly cohort study
Authors: Suh Seung Wan , Han Ji Won , Lee Ju Ri , Byun Seonjeong , Kwon Soon Jai , Oh Sang Hoon , Lee Kyoung Hwan , Han Guehee , Hong Jong Woo , Kwak Kyung Phil , Kim Bong‐Jo , Kim Shin Gyeom , Kim Jeong Lan , Kim Tae Hui , Ryu Seung‐Ho , Moon Seok Woo , Park Joon Hyuk , Seo Jiyeong , Youn Jong Chul , Lee Dong Young , Lee Dong Woo , Lee Seok Bum , Lee Jung Jae , Jhoo Jin Hyeong , Kim Ki Woong 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate sleep disturbances that induce cognitive changes over 4 years in nondemented elderlies.MethodsData were acquired from a nationwide, population‐based, prospective cohort of Korean elderlies (2,238 normal cognition [NC] and 655 mild cognitive impairment [MCI]). At baseline and 4‐year follow‐up assessments, sleep‐related parameters (midsleep time, sleep duration, sleep latency, subjective sleep quality, sleep efficiency, and daytime dysfunction) and cognitive status were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment, respectively. We used logistic regression models adjusted for covariates including age, sex, education, apolipoprotein E genotype, Geriatric Depression Scale, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale, and physical activity.ResultsIn participants with NC, long sleep latency (>30 minutes), long sleep duration (≥7.95 hours), and late midsleep time (after 3:00 am) at baseline were related to the risk of cognitive decline at 4‐year follow‐up assessment; odds ratio (OR) was 1.40 for long sleep latency, 1.67 for long sleep duration, and 0.61 for late midsleep time. These relationships remained significant when these variables maintained their status throughout the follow‐up period. Newly developed long sleep latency also doubled the risk of cognitive decline. In those with MCI, however, only long sleep latency reduced the chance of reversion to NC (OR = 0.69).InterpretationAs early markers of cognitive decline, long sleep latency can be used for elderlies with NC or MCI, whereas long sleep duration and relatively early sleep time might be used for cognitively normal elderlies only. Ann Neurol 2018;83:472–482
Estimation of the rotation angle of gas/solid swirl flow by subpixel image resizing
Authors: Mosorov Volodymyr , Sankowski Dominik 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAn original approach for higher accuracy estimation of the rotation angle of swirl flows based on low‐resolution images delivered by an industrial tomography system is proposed. The approach utilises artificial increasing of resolution of tomographic images, that is, image resizing. It is shown that the proposed approach can be successfully applied for low‐quality reconstructed images, and it gives at least 20% improvement of accuracy.
SkaSim – Scalable HPC Software for Molecular Simulation in the Chemical Industry
Authors: Vrabec Jadran , Bernreuther Martin , Bungartz Hans‐Joachim , Chen Wei‐Lin , Cordes Wilfried , Fingerhut Robin , Glass Colin W. , Gmehling Jürgen , Hamburger René , Heilig Manfred , Heinen Matthias , Horsch Martin T. , Hsieh Chieh‐Ming , Hülsmann Marco , Jäger Philip , Klein Peter , Knauer Sandra , Köddermann Thorsten , Köster Andreas , Langenbach Kai , Lin Shiang‐Tai , Neumann Philipp , Rarey Jürgen , Reith Dirk , Rutkai Gábor , Schappals Michael , Schenk Martin , Schedemann Andre , Schönherr Mandes , Seckler Steffen , Stephan Simon , Stöbener Katrin , Tchipev Nikola , Wafai Amer , Werth Stephan , Hasse Hans 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDer vorliegende Übersichtsartikel berichtet über Fortschritte in der molekularen Modellierung und Simulation mittels massiv‐paralleler Hoch‐ und Höchstleistungsrechner (HPC). Im SkaSim‐Projekt arbeiteten dazu Partner aus der HPC‐Community mit Anwendern aus Wissenschaft und Industrie zusammen. Ziel dabei war es mittels HPC‐Methoden die Vorhersage von thermodynamischen Stoffdaten in Bezug auf Effizienz, Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit weiter zu optimieren. In diesem Zusammenhang wurden verschiedene Themen bearbeitet: Atomistische Simulation der homogenen Gasblasenbildung, Oberflächenspannung klassischer Fluide und ionischer Flüssigkeiten, multikriterielle Optimierung molekularer Modelle, Weiterentwicklung der Simulationscodesls1 mardynundms2, atomistische Simulation von Gastrennprozessen, molekulare Membran‐Strukturgeneratoren, Transportwiderstände und gemischtypenspezifische Bewertung prädiktiver Stoffdatenmodelle.
Modification of petroleum coke by different additives and the impact on anode properties
Authors: Ozturk Sena , Kocaefe Duygu , Bhattacharyay Dipankar , Kocaefe Yasar 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAnodes, which provide the carbon required for aluminum production, are made from dry aggregates (petroleum coke, rejected anodes, and butts) with coal tar pitch as the binder. Good quality anodes require good interaction between coke and pitch, and this relies on good wetting properties. The objectives of this work are to analyze the wetting properties of four different cokes with and without modification using an additive and to test the effect of the modified coke on anode properties. A FTIR study was done to identify functional groups in non‐modified and modified coke samples since they play an important role on coke‐pitch interactions. The wetting tests were done using the sessile‐drop method to measure the contact angle between coke and pitch. The results showed that the additive improved the wettability of all four cokes by pitch. The least wettable coke was chosen to produce anodes. For anode production, the entire dry aggregate is modified. The additive was mixed with the dry aggregate using two different approaches (one day earlier and 5 min before mixing). The anodes were characterized before and after baking. The early treatment with the additive was found to be better for the modification of dry aggregate.
Kinetics of esterification of benzoic acid and isoamyl alcohol catalyzed by P‐toluenesulphonic acid
Authors: Xue Jiaming , Zeng Zuoxiang , Xue Weilan , Yang Huayu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe kinetics of the esterification between benzoic acid and isoamyl alcohol has been studied using p‐toluenesulphonic acid as a catalyst. The conversion of the benzoic acid was determined by following the concentration of water measured with a Karl Fischer titrator. The effects of the reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, and initial acid to alcohol molar ratio on reaction kinetics have been examined. A five‐step assumption was proposed to describe the reaction mechanism for the formation of isoamyl benzoate. And the kinetic model derived from the proposed mechanism can fit well with experimental kinetic data of the esterification, which indicates that the proposed mechanism is reasonable. The nonideality of the liquid reaction mixture has been considered and the activity coefficients of all components were estimated by the UNIFAC model. The reaction rate constants from 353.15 K to 383.15 K have been determined through the least square method. Meanwhile the activation energy and the standard enthalpy change of reaction in the presence of p‐toluenesulphonic acid were calculated to be 50.45 kJ/mol and −3.75 kJ/mol respectively.
Pain‐relieving effectiveness, quality of life and tolerability of repeated capsaicin 8% patch treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain in Scandinavian clinical practice
Authors: Hansson P. , Jensen T.S. , Kvarstein G. , Strömberg M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractContextClinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of the capsaicin 8% patch in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP); however, few studies have assessed this treatment in a clinical practice.ObjectiveTo determine whether treatment and re‐treatment with the capsaicin 8% patch reduce PNP intensity in clinical practice.MethodsThree non‐interventional, observational studies were concurrently conducted in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Patients with probable or definite PNP received one or two treatments with the capsaicin 8% patch according to usual clinical practice. All analyses were performed on combined data.ResultsOverall, 382 and 181 patients received treatment and re‐treatment, respectively, with the capsaicin 8% patch. At the group level, a significant reduction in mean level of ‘usual pain’ intensity (Numerical Pain Rating Scale) over the last 24 h’ score was observed from baseline to Weeks 2 through 8 [−1.05 (95% confidence interval: −1.27, 0.82); p < 0.001] with 28% and 31% of patients reporting a ≥30% reduction in pain after first treatment and re‐treatment, respectively. Improvements in health‐related quality of life (EQ‐5D‐3L index) and overall health status (Patient Global Impression of Change) were observed early (Week 1) and throughout the treatment periods. Most application site reactions subsided within a week after treatment. Following treatment and re‐treatment, 57% and 71% of patients, respectively, were willing to undergo further treatment with the capsaicin 8% patch.ConclusionIn Scandinavian clinical practice, capsaicin 8% patch treatment was associated with significant reductions in pain intensity and was well tolerated with over half of patients willing to undergo re‐treatment.
Effect of incorporation of soy flour on functional, nutritional, and sensory properties of mushroom–moringa‐supplemented healthy soup
Authors: Mohajan Suman , Orchy Tania N. , Farzana Tasnim 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe research study was conducted to evaluate the effect of soy flour on functional, nutritional, and sensory properties of mushroom–moringa‐supplemented soup which could be used as a protein‐supplemented ready‐to‐eat food. In this study, corn flour was supplemented with soy flour at different levels such as 20% (T4), 15% (T3), 10% (T2), and 5% (T1), and without soy flour was kept as control (T0). Fixed amount of mushroom and moringa leaf powder was added in all soup powders. Soup powders were analyzed for functional, nutritional, and sensory parameters. Bulk density (0.82–0.74 g/ml), dispersibility (82.1%–75.9%), pH (6.17–6.13), swelling capacity (3.98–3.65 ml/g), and viscosity were decreased, while water absorption capacity (70%–94%) was increased with increasing of soy flour percentages. Protein content of all the treatment groups increased from 10.66% to 19.97% along with a significant increased in fat (1.43%–6.97%), fiber (1.10%–2.30%), ash (15.77%–16.40%), and energy value (328.38–353.21 kcal/100 g) while decreased in moisture and carbohydrate content. On sensory evaluation, soup powders with 10% (T2) level of soy flour incorporation had highest scores for all the sensory attributes evaluated. Based on these results, it can be concluded that soy flour has effect on functional, nutritional, and sensory properties of soup powders and 10% supplementation of soy flour is suitable for ready‐to‐eat soup formulation. Besides these, use of mushroom and moringa leaf may also increase its nutritional value. Soup developed in this way may be sufficient to meet day‐to‐day nutritional requirements as a supplement.
Indigenous Ethiopian okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) mucilage: A novel ingredient with functional and antioxidant properties
Authors: Gemede Habtamu Fekadu , Haki Gulelat Desse , Beyene Fekadu , Rakshit Sudip Kumar , Woldegiorgis Ashagrie Z. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFunctional and antioxidant properties of mucilage extracted from the pods of eight okra accessions grown in Benishangul‐Gumuz region, Western Ethiopia, were evaluated. This study had shown that the mucilage contents of the pods of eight okra accessions ranged from 1.25 to 3.45 g/100 g. Functional properties of the mucilage of okra pods varied significantly (p < .05) and had respective ranges of bulk density of 0.58–0.64 g/ml; water absorption capacity of 2.45–4.60 ml/g; oil absorption capacity of 0.02–3.64 ml/g; emulsifying capacity of 42.22%–74.45%; emulsion stability of 42.22%–74.45%; foaming capacity of 50.51%–62.50%, and foam stability of 36.04%–54.35%. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the mucilage of the pods of okra accessions ranged from 4.66 to 49.93 mg GAE/g and 8.18–18.72 mg CE/g, respectively. The effective concentration (EC50) values (mg/ml) of mucilage of okra pods varied from 3.15 to 6.60 and 1.10 to 1.85 for DPPH scavenging and metal‐chelating activity, respectively. The study revealed that the mucilage of the pods of okra accessions was found to exhibit good functional properties and can offer a great potential in various food systems. Particularly, mucilage of the pods from OPA#5 and OPA#7 had desirable water and oil absorption capacities, whereas the mucilage of accession OPA#1 and OPA#6 had high emulsifying and foaming properties. The results also demonstrated that okra pod mucilage had potential sources of natural antioxidant.
Promoter polymorphisms in TGFB1 and IL10 genes influence tumor dendritic cells infiltration, development and prognosis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Gulubova Maya , Aleksandrova Elina , Vlaykova Tatyana 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundAnti‐inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 have a complex role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Dendritic cells (DCs) are the cellular component of the inflammatory microenvironment in the tumor and infiltration of tumors by DCs is associated with better prognosis and fewer metastases.MethodsIn the present study, we explored the role of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter regions of TGFB1 and IL10 genes and their associations with infiltrating DCs in CRC.A case–control study was designed. Genotyping was performed via the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism method and DC infiltration was determined immunohistochemically.ResultsFor the TGFΒ1 ‐509C/T SNP, we found that the T allele was less frequent in patients than in controls (p = 0.031) and the TT‐genotype had a 2.74‐fold lower risk for CRC than the CC‐genotype (odds ratio = 0.365, 95% confidence interval = 0.15–0.88, p = 0.015). Additionally, the TT carriers had the shortest median survival (14.4 months) (p = 0.045). The C‐allele genotypes had a significantly longer survival compared to TT carriers (p = 0.018). The CC genotype was associated with a lower cellular density of CD11c in the invasive margin of the tumor (p = 0.033), whereas there was an opposite finding for CD83+ DCs (p = 0.037). Carriers of A‐allele genotypes of the IL10 ‐1080A/G SNP had significantly lower CD83+ cells (p = 0.046) in the tumor invasive margin.ConclusionsThe T‐allele of the TGFB1 ‐509C/T SNP might be a protective factor for development of CRC, although, in the course of the disease, this variant allele might be associated with more unfavorable prognosis of the patients.
Characteristics of Isolated Ventricular Septal Defects Less Likely to Close In Utero
Authors: Chau Ann C. , Jones Andrew , Sutherland Monique , Lilje Christian , Sernich Stefan , Hagan Joseph , Miller Joseph 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesTo determine the characteristics of fetal ventricular septal defects (VSDs) that will be less likely to close prenatally.MethodsIn this 4‐year retrospective cohort study, 148 fetuses had a diagnosis of a VSD during a comprehensive fetal anatomy survey. The VSD diagnosis was confirmed by color and pulsed wave Doppler studies. These fetuses were followed monthly until their birth. They had postnatal echocardiography performed within 1 month of age to assess the persistence of a VSD. Fisher exact, Wilcoxon rank sum, and log rank tests and bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine the association of each individual variable with prenatal VSD closure.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐five of 148 fetuses (84%) had prenatal VSD closure at a mean gestational age ± SD of 26.9 ± 4.5 weeks. Fetuses with a persistent VSD more frequently had other cardiac defects than the closed VSD group (12 of 23 versus 5 of 125; P < .001). Fetuses having a persistent VSD more frequently had an abnormal karyotype (9 of 23 versus 5 of 125; P < .001). The persistent VSDs were larger in their initial size (5.9 ± 8.4 mm versus 2.7 ± 0.8 mm; P = .002) and in their maximal prenatal size (6.0 ± 9.1 mm versus 2.9 ± 0.9 mm; P < .001). The presence of associated cardiac defects (adjusted odds ratio = 0.071; P = .031) and an abnormal karyotype (adjusted odds ratio = 0.058; P = .021) were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of prenatal VSD closure. All VSDs with a maximal size of 2 mm or less closed prenatally.ConclusionsFetuses with a complex cardiac defect or an abnormal karyotype were less likely to have prenatal VSD closure.
Intrinsic, environmental, and anthropogenic factors related to pronghorn summer mortality
Authors: Reinking Adele K. , Smith Kurt T. , Monteith Kevin L. , Mong Tony W. , Read Mary J. , Beck Jeffrey L. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTPronghorn (Antilocapra americana) are an iconic wildlife species of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) and grassland ecosystems in western North America. Over 50% of pronghorn have historically occurred in Wyoming; however, these populations have declined by nearly 30% in <2 decades, concurrent with expanding energy development and prolonged drought. Research suggests adult female pronghorn, unlike other temperate ungulates, are more likely to die in summer, when body condition is lower from extreme energetic demands of reproduction, which are higher for pronghorn than other ungulates. To evaluate the potential effects of intrinsic, environmental, and anthropogenic factors on summer mortality risk, we monitored 114 adult female pronghorn equipped with global positioning system transmitters in the Red Desert region of south‐central Wyoming, USA between 2013 and 2015. We modeled mortality risk using Cox's proportional hazards regression. Summer mortality risk was influenced by intrinsic and environmental factors; mortality risk increased when individuals were in poorer body condition entering the previous winter and when they experienced greater variation in average daily snow depth during the previous winter. We did not detect an effect of the distance to and density of roads, oil and gas wells, or fences on pronghorn summer mortality. During years of increased winter severity with deep and fluctuating snow depths, managers may observe higher winter mortality and higher mortality the following summer, likely as a consequence of the energetic expense associated with winter survival and spring reproduction for female pronghorn. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
The Expression of Lipoprotein Receptors Is Increased in the Infarcted Area After Myocardial Infarction Induced in Rats With Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: de Lima Aline D. , Guido Maria C. , Tavares Elaine R. , Carvalho Priscila O. , Marques Alyne F. , de Melo Marcelo D. T. , Salemi Vera M. C. , Kalil‐Filho Roberto , Maranhão Raul C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLeft ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction constitutes the structural basis for ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. The characterization underlying the expression of lipoprotein receptors in cardiac dysfunction is scarcely explored. The aim of this study was to analyze the status of lipoprotein receptors on the infarcted and noninfarcted areas of LV and to verify whether nanoparticles that mimic the lipid structure of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and have the ability to bind to LDL receptors (LDE) are taken up more avidly by the noninfarcted LV. 13 male Wistar rats with left coronary artery ligation (myocardial infarction [MI]) and 12 animals with SHAM operation (SHAM) were used in this study. 6 weeks after the procedure, the quantification of low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), LDL receptor‐related protein 1 (LRP1), scavenger receptor‐class B type I (SR‐BI) lipoprotein receptors, and PCNA proliferation marker, and tissue uptake of radioactively labeled LDE were performed. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis showed that LDLR, LRP1, SR‐BI, and PCNA, expression in infarcted area of MI was remarkably higher than SHAM and noninfarcted subendocardial (SEN) and interstitial (INT) areas. In addition, in SEN noninfarcted area of MI, the presence of LDLR was about threefold higher than in SHAM SEN and INT noninfarcted areas. The LDE uptake of noninfarcted LV of MI group was about 30% greater than that of SHAM group. In conclusion, these findings regarding the status of lipoprotein receptors after MI induction could help to establish mechanisms on myocardial repairing. In conclusion, infarcted rats with LV dysfunction showed increased expression of lipoprotein receptors mainly in the infarcted area.
Technical Note: An efficient daily QA procedure for proton pencil beam scanning
Authors: Younkin James E. , Shen Jiajian , Bues Martin , Robertson Daniel G. , Mundy Daniel W. , Clouser Edward , Liu Wei , Ding Xiaoning , Stoker Joshua B. 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe aim of this work was to develop an efficient daily quality assurance (QA) program with strict tolerance levels for pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton radiotherapy featuring simultaneous dosimetric testing on a single, nonuniform field.MethodsA nonuniform field measuring beam output, proton range, and spot position was designed for delivery onto a Sun Nuclear Daily‐QA 3 device. A custom acrylic block permitted simultaneous measurement of low‐ and high‐energy proton ranges in addition to beam output. Sensitivities to output, range, and spot position were evaluated to quantitate the device's response. Reproducibility tests were used to identify and control sources of measurement error as well as to assess the QA procedure's robustness. This procedure was implemented in each of our four treatment rooms independently; 4–6 months of daily QA measurements were collected.ResultsThe 1% output, 0.5 mm range, and 1.5 mm spot position tolerances derived from preliminary tests were tighter overall than tolerances found in the literature and equivalent to the limits used for proton system commissioning. The simplicity and automation of the procedure reduced the time required for daily QA to 10 min per treatment room, and competition for beam between multiple treatment rooms was minimized.ConclusionsAn efficient daily PBS QA procedure can be performed using a single, nonuniform field on a nondedicated QA device. A thorough quantitation of the device's response and careful control of measurement uncertainties allowed daily tolerances to match commissioning standards.
Specific Isolation of Glycoproteins with Mesoporous Zirconia‐Polyoxometalate Hybrid
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Wang Mengmeng , Guo Zhiyong , Guo Pengfei , Chen Xuwei , Wang Jianhua 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA novel mesoporous zirconia‐polyoxometalate ZrO2‐P8W48 hybrid was prepared using a surfactant‐assisted solvent evaporation technique. The acid–base reaction between the Zr‐OH groups of zirconium oxides and P8W48 was followed by self‐assembly with an amphiphilic triblock copolymer as template to obtain a polyoxometalate‐based hybrid. The ZrO2‐P8W48 hybrid was characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), thermal gravimetric assay (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDXS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen sorption/desorption. Owing to the multiple hydrogen‐bonding interactions between the P8W48 moiety and the hydroxyl groups of glycoproteins, the ZrO2‐P8W48 hybrid exhibited highly selective isolation of glycoproteins from complex matrices that included various non‐glycoproteins. The retained glycoproteins could be readily recovered using a 0.01 mol L−1 cetane trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) solution as stripping reagent, with recovery rates of 92, 100, 100, 100, and 74% for the five target glycoproteins, Ovalbumin (Ova), conalbumin (ConA), immunoglobulin G from human serum (IgG), γ‐globulin from bovine milk (γ‐Glo), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), respectively. The ZrO2‐P8W48 hybrid was successfully applied to the isolation of glycoproteins from egg white and human serum samples, as confirmed by SDS‐PAGE and LC‐MS/MS assays.