bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone density, body composition, and psychopathology of anorexia nervosa spectrum disorders in DSM‐IV vs DSM‐5
Authors: Schorr Melanie , Thomas Jennifer J. , Eddy Kamryn T. , Dichtel Laura E. , Lawson Elizabeth A. , Meenaghan Erinne , Lederfine Paskal Margaret , Fazeli Pouneh K. , Faje Alexander T. , Misra Madhusmita , Klibanski Anne , Miller Karen K. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveDSM‐5 revised the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN) by eliminating the amenorrhea requirement, liberalizing weight and psychological criteria, and adding the formal diagnosis of “atypical AN” for individuals with AN psychological symptoms without low weight. We sought to determine whether bone density (BMD) is impaired in women diagnosed with AN using the new, more liberal, DSM‐5 criteria.MethodCross‐sectional study of 168 women, 18 − 45y: (1) AN by DSM‐IV (DSM‐IV AN) (n = 37), (2) AN by DSM‐5 but not DSM‐IV criteria (DSM‐5 AN) (n = 33), (3) atypical AN (ATYPICAL AN) (n = 77), (4) healthy comparison group (HC) (n = 21). Measurements included dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry, Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire, Eating Disorder Inventory‐2, Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Rating Scales.ResultsBMD Z‐score <−1.0 was present in 78% of DSM‐IV, 82% of DSM‐5, and 69% of ATYPICAL. Mean Z‐scores were comparably low in DSM‐IV and DSM‐5, intermediate in ATYPICAL, and highest in HC. Lack of prior low weight or amenorrhea was, but history of overweight/obesity was not, protective against bone loss. Mean lean mass and percent fat mass were significantly lower in all AN groups than HC. DSM‐IV, DSM‐5, and ATYPICAL had comparable psychopathology.DiscussionDespite liberalizing diagnostic criteria, many women diagnosed with AN and atypical AN using DSM‐5 criteria have low BMD. Presence or history of low weight and/or amenorrhea remain important indications for DXA. Loss of lean mass, in addition to fat mass, is present in all AN groups, and may contribute to low BMD. The deleterious effect of eating disorders on BMD extends beyond those with current low weight and amenorrhea. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:343–351)
A Non‐enzymatic Hydrogen Peroxide Photoelectrochemical Sensor Based on a BiVO4 Electrode
Authors: Liu Min , Yu Yu‐Xiang , Zhang Wei‐De 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this study, a non‐enzymatic hydrogen peroxide photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor based on nanoporous BiVO4 film electrode is fabricated by electrodeposit of nanoporous BiOI film on fluorine‐doped tin oxide glass (FTO) and subsequent conversion to BiVO4 by annealing at elevated temperature. The electrode exhibits excellent visible light photoelectrochemical activity, and H2O2 works as a hole scavenger to react with light‐induced electron holes on the valence band of BiVO4. Upon illumination and at applied bias potential of +0.2 V, the photocurrent density is linearly correlated to the concentration of H2O2. The linear determination range of H2O2 is 9.54–764.76 μM with a corresponding correlation coefficient of 0.9997, a detection limit of 1.59 μM (S/N=3), and sensitivity of 182.6 μA mM−1 cm−2. The optimum bias potential, most suitable film thickness, anti‐interference performance, and impedance are also explored. The sensor shows good response towards H2O2 and displays a promising prospect for non‐enzyme PEC H2O2 sensor.
Polymersomes for biotechnological applications: Large‐scale production of nano‐scale vesicles
Authors: Poschenrieder Sarah Theresa , Schiebel Sina Katharina , Castiglione Kathrin 
Published: August 2016

Polymersomes have some fundamental advantages compared to their liposomal counterparts. Due to the increased stability of the polymeric membrane, polymersomes are intended to be reasonably applicable as carrier‐systems and universal reaction compartments for diverse medical and biotechnological applications. Regardless of the application area, suitable methods to produce large vesicle quantities in a controlled and cost‐effective manner have to be developed to put polymersome technology into action at the industrial scale. In this work, the amphiphilic triblock copolymer poly(2‐methyloxazoline)15‐poly(dimethylsiloxane)68‐poly(2‐methyloxazoline)15 was formed into uniform polymersomes. A recently established production process, based on the use of miniaturized stirred‐tank reactors at the milliliter‐scale (12 mL), was successfully scaled‐up to the liter‐scale (1.5 L) based on solid process engineering parameters. Dynamic light scattering measurements show that using standard propeller stirrers with a dimensionless diameter ≥0.65 in an unbaffled stirred‐tank reactor led to a narrow particle size distribution when providing a Froude number of = 6.52 at the same time. Polymersomes with a mean diameter of 180 nm and a low polydispersity index (PDI<0.2) were generated within about 1 h in one single production step. Thus, this work provides the fundamental basis for further scale‐up purposes, regarding polymersome production in stirred‐tank reactors at the industrial scale.
Analyzing Bending Stresses on Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes induced by the Assembly Process
Authors: Schilling Antje , Schmitt Jan , Dietrich Franz , Dröder Klaus 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe industrialized winding of electrode–separator composites (ESCs; “jelly rolls”) applies bending stress to the winding mandrel. This affects the mechanical integrity of the substrate's coating and adhesion and may reduce the cycle stability and the battery life. Even though this motivates strong interest in the minimization of bending stress during production, there is no testing method available yet to characterize the composite such that process parameters can be derived. This article introduces a test method and apparatus for the effect of bending stress of electrodes. In this test method, electrodes are pulled over defined radii while the coating adhesion is observed continuously. This resembles the variation of the mandrel diameter and gives detailed insight into the limits of the allowed production parameter window. In a case study, a cathode material with Li(LiMnAl)2O4 (LMO) as active material is selected as an example to show the effectiveness of the method.
Lithium Permeation through Thin Lithium–Silicon Films for Battery Applications Investigated by Neutron Reflectometry
Authors: Strauß Florian , Hüger Erwin , Heitjans Paul , Geue Thomas , Stahn Jochen , Schmidt Harald 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the ongoing search for new negative electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, amorphous silicon with a theoretical specific capacity of almost 4000 mA h g−1 is still one of the most promising candidates. In order to optimize cycling behavior, prelithiation of silicon is discussed as possible solution. Yet, little is known about kinetics in the Li‐Si system, especially with a low lithium content. Using neutron reflectometry as a tool, lithium permeation through amorphous LixSi layers was probed during annealing. From the results a lithium permeability (diffusivity×solubility) of P=(3.3±0.9)×10−21 m2 s−1 is derived for LixSi (x≈0.1), which is identical to that of pure amorphous silicon.
Manganese Cobalt Oxide (MnCo2O4) Hollow Spheres as High Capacity Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jin Rencheng , Ma Yuqian , Sun Yexian , Li Honghao , Wang Qingyao , Chen Gang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTernary metal oxides are considered as promising anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), because they can circumvent the shortcomings of single‐component oxides. Herein, a facile hydrothermal route combined with calcination is used to fabricate manganese cobalt oxide (MnCo2O4) hollow spheres comprised of many mesoporous nanosheets. When used as anode material, the MnCo2O4 hollow spheres display excellent electrochemical properties. A specific capacity of 1023 mAh g−1 can be achieved after 200 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g−1. Even at a high current density of 5000 mA g−1, a reversible discharge capacity as high as 755 mAh g−1 can be achieved.
Hydride‐Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell–Battery Hybrid Electrochemical System
Authors: Guan Xiaofei , Jiang Jun , Lattimer Judith , Tsuchiya Masaru , Friend Cynthia M. , Ramanathan Shriram 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe deployment of renewable energy technologies, such as solar photovoltaics and wind turbines, poses challenges in terms of electricity grid stability due to the intermittent nature of such energy sources, which creates a need for innovative storage solutions. We demonstrate a metal hydride‐based hybrid electrochemical system that enables a solid‐oxide fuel cell to operate in both fuel cell mode and battery mode, allowing for un‐interrupted electricity generation. In the fuel cell mode, the device acts as a conventional fuel cell and converts the chemical energy stored in fuels into electrical energy. In the battery mode, the metal hydride near the anode releases hydrogen and quickly responds to fuel supply interruption or power demand surges. The concept demonstrated here is a promising way to provide a robust and economical solution for balancing power supply and demand for the electrical grid of the future.
Cannabis in epilepsy: From clinical practice to basic research focusing on the possible role of cannabidivarin
Authors: Morano Alessandra , Cifelli Pierangelo , Nencini Paolo , Antonilli Letizia , Fattouch Jinane , Ruffolo Gabriele , Roseti Cristina , Aronica Eleonora , Limatola Cristina , Di Bonaventura Carlo , Palma Eleonora , Giallonardo Anna Teresa 
Published: August 2016

SummaryCannabidivarin (CBDV) and cannabidiol (CBD) have recently emerged among cannabinoids for their potential antiepileptic properties, as shown in several animal models. We report the case of a patient affected by symptomatic partial epilepsy who used cannabis as self‐medication after the failure of countless pharmacological/surgical treatments. Clinical and video electroencephalogram (EEG) evaluations were periodically performed, and the serum levels of CBDV, CBD, and Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol were repeatedly measured. After cannabis administration, a dramatic clinical improvement, in terms of both decrease in seizure frequency and recovery of cognitive functions, was observed, which might parallel high CBDV plasma concentrations. To widen the spectrum of CBDV possible mechanisms of action, electrophysiological methods were applied to investigate whether it could exert some effects on γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors. Our experiments showed that, in human hippocampal tissues of four patients affected by drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) transplanted in Xenopus oocytes, there is decrease of current rundown (i.e., reduction of use‐dependent GABAA current) after prolonged exposure to CBDV. This result has been confirmed using a single case of Rasmussen encephalitis (RE). Our patient's electroclinical improvement supports the hypothesis that cannabis could actually represent an effective, well‐tolerated antiepileptic drug. Moreover, the experimental data suggest that CBDV may greatly contribute to cannabis anticonvulsant effect through its possible GABAergic action.
Real‐time ballistocardiographic artifact reduction using the k‐teager energy operator detector and multi‐channel referenced adaptive noise cancelling
Authors: Wen Xiaotong , Kang Mingxuan , Yao Li , Zhao Xiaojie 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe simultaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recording technique has recently received considerable attention and has been used in many studies on cognition and neurological disease. EEG‐fMRI simultaneous recording has the advantage of enabling the monitoring of brain activity with both high temporal resolution and high spatial resolution in real time. The successful removal of the ballistocardiographic (BCG) artifact from the EEG signal recorded during an MRI is an important prerequisite for real‐time EEG‐fMRI joint analysis. We have developed a new framework dedicated to BCG artifact removal in real‐time. This framework includes a new real‐time R‐peak detection method combining a k‐Teager energy operator, a thresholding detector, and a correlation detector, as well as a real‐time BCG artifact reduction procedure combining average artifact template subtraction and a new multi‐channel referenced adaptive noise cancelling method. Our results demonstrate that this new framework is efficient in the real‐time removal of the BCG artifact. The multi‐channel adaptive noise cancellation (mANC) method performs better than the traditional ANC method in eliminating the BCG residual artifact. In addition, the computational speed of the mANC method fulfills the requirements of real‐time EEG‐fMRI analysis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 26, 209–215, 2016
The usefulness of diffusion‐weighted readout‐segmented EPI and fast spin echo with BLADE (PROPELLER) k‐space sampling: A comparison with single‐shot EPI for diffusion‐weighted imaging in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Jang Jinhee , Ahn Kook‐Jin , Kim Bom‐Yi , Porter David , Stemmer Alto , Choi Hyun Seok , Jung So‐Lyung , Kim Bum‐Soo 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTWe evaluated the value of diffusion‐weighted readout‐segmented EPI (DW rs‐EPI) and diffusion‐weighted fast spin echo images with BLADE (PROPELLER) k‐space sampling (DW BLADE) in patients with ischemic stroke through intra‐individual comparisons with diffusion‐weighted single‐shot EPI (DW ss‐EPI). Forty‐four patients with acute ischemic stroke who had undergone three different types of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) (b = 1000 s/mm2) were included. Two reviewers assessed the three types of DWI for diagnostic confidence based on a five‐point confidence score (CS). The inter‐ and intra‐observer agreements for the CS were assessed. The DWI signal ratio to the contralateral normal area and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of DWI lesions were compared. The CSs of the three DWI methods were significantly different (P < 0.001). A post hoc analysis showed a significantly higher CS with DW rs‐EPI than with DW ss‐EPI (P = 0.022). There were significant increases in the CSs for DW rs‐EPI compared to DW ss‐EPI, for patients who underwent DWI within 24 h of symptom onset, and for patients with DWI lesions ≤ 50 mm2. The inter‐observer and intra‐observer agreements of the CS were good. DW rs‐EPI increased the diagnostic confidence of ischemic stroke compared to DW ss‐EPI, particularly for patients with small lesions and for those who underwent DWI within 24 h of symptom onset. DW BLADE showed a similar level of diagnostic confidence to DW ss‐EPI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 26, 216–224, 2016
Oriented collagen tubes combined with basic fibroblast growth factor promote peripheral nerve regeneration in a 15 mm sciatic nerve defect rat model
Authors: Fujimaki Hisako , Uchida Kentaro , Inoue Gen , Miyagi Masayuki , Nemoto Noriko , Saku Taro , Isobe Yoshihiro , Inage Kazuhide , Matsushita Osamu , Yagishita Saburo , Sato Jun , Takano Shotaro , Sakuma Yoshihiro , Ohtori Seiji , Takahashi Kazuhisa , Takaso Masashi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe developed a new scaffold material—oriented collagen tubes (OCT)—and evaluated the potential of OCTs combined with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to repair of a 15 mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. The treatment groups consisted of OCT with adsorbed bFGF (OCT/bFGF group), OCT in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) (OCT/PBS group), and a no‐treatment group (Defect group). Functional evaluation of nerve regeneration was performed using the CatWalk system, and histological analyses of the defect sites were also performed. In rats treated with either OCT/bFGF or OCT/PBS, the walking function parameter of max contact area returned to normal levels by 4 weeks after grafting, and the regeneration of myelinated fibers was detected after 8 weeks. However, more regenerated myelinated fibers were observed in the OCT/bFGF group compared with the OCT/PBS group at 4 weeks. In addition, the max contact area and swing speed in the OCT/bFGF group were significantly recovered compared to the OCT/PBS and Defect groups at 8 weeks. Although the combination of bFGF and OCT was superior to OCT alone for nerve regeneration and functional recovery, the present findings demonstrate that OCT alone or in combination with bFGF accelerates nerve repair in a large peripheral nerve defect in rats. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 8–14, 2017.
Rapid Screening for Deleted Form of β‐thalassemia by Real‐Time Quantitative PCR
Authors: Ke Liang‐Yin , Chang Jan‐Gowth , Chang Chao‐Sung , Hsieh Li‐Ling , Liu Ta‐Chih 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundThalassemia is the most common single gene disease in human beings. The prevalence rate of β‐thalassemia in Taiwan is approximately 1–3%. Previously methods to reveal and diagnose severe deleted form of α‐ or β‐thalassemia were insufficient and inappropriate for prenatal diagnosis.MethodsA real‐time quantitative PCR method was set up for rapid screening of the deleted form of β‐thalassemia.ResultsOur results show that ΔΔCt between deleted form of β‐thalassemia and normal individuals were 1.0674 ± 0.0713. On the contrary, mutation form β‐thalassemia showed no difference with normal healthy control. The HBB/CCR5 ratio for deleted form of β‐thalassemia patients was 0.48, whether normal individuals and mutation form of β‐thalassemia was 1.0.ConclusionThis RQ‐PCR technique is an alternative rapid screening assay for deleted form of β‐thalassemia. In addition, it could also identify undefined type. Our technique by using RQ‐PCR to quantify gene copies is a reliable and time‐saving method that can screen deleted form of β‐thalassemia.
Climatic features of the Red Sea from a regional assimilative model
Authors: Viswanadhapalli Yesubabu , Dasari Hari Prasad , Langodan Sabique , Challa Venkata Srinivas , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe Advanced Research version of Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF‐ARW) model was used to generate a downscaled, 10‐km resolution regional climate dataset over the Red Sea and adjacent region. The model simulations are performed based on two, two‐way nested domains of 30‐ and 10‐km resolutions assimilating all conventional observations using a cyclic three‐dimensional variational approach over an initial 12‐h period. The improved initial conditions are then used to generate regional climate products for the following 24 h. We combined the resulting daily 24‐h datasets to construct a 15‐year Red Sea atmospheric downscaled product from 2000 to 2014. This 15‐year downscaled dataset is evaluated via comparisons with various in situ and gridded datasets. Our analysis indicates that the assimilated model successfully reproduced the spatial and temporal variability of temperature, wind, rainfall, relative humidity and sea level pressure over the Red Sea region. The model also efficiently simulated the seasonal and monthly variability of wind patterns, the Red Sea Convergence Zone and associated rainfall. Our results suggest that dynamical downscaling and assimilation of available observations improve the representation of regional atmospheric features over the Red Sea compared to global analysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. We use the dataset to describe the atmospheric climatic conditions over the Red Sea region.
Secondary Traumatization in Vietnam Veterans’ Families
Authors: Yager Thomas J. , Gerszberg Nicole , Dohrenwend Bruce P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis research focused on secondary traumatization of wives and offspring of 115 male Vietnam veterans, a subsample from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study who had one or more children aged 6 to 16 years and had had a clinical interview. Traumatization was defined as meeting criteria for lifetime war‐related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Secondary traumatization was operationalized by elevated scores on children's internalizing or externalizing behavior problems and on wives’ demoralization. There was evidence of secondary traumatization in the veterans’ sons (odds ratio [OR] = 20.31 for internalizing behavior problems). Current PTSD in the veterans was associated with demoralization in their wives or partners (β = 0.24), which in turn was associated with behavior problems in their daughters (ORs = 2.67 and 4.61 for internalizing and externalizing behavior problems, respectively; these were adjusted for veteran's PTSD). Demoralization of the wife or partner was also associated with current alcoholism in the veterans (β = 0.30, adjusting for veteran's PTSD). These associations were also adjusted for other veteran risk factors, including severity of combat exposure, involvement in harming civilians or prisoners, and prewar vulnerability. Even with the degree of secondary traumatization present, the veterans’ children appeared at least as healthy as counterparts in the general population.
A pH‐Sensitive Phospholipid Polymeric Prodrug Based on Branched Polyethylenimine for Intracellular Drug Delivery
Authors: Wang Haibo , Xiong Junjie , Liu Gongyan , Wang Yunbing 
Published: August 2016

A biomimic pH‐sensitive polymeric prodrug based on branched polyethylenimine‐graft‐12‐acryloyloxy dodecyl phosphorylcholine and 6‐maleimidocaproyl‐doxorubicin is rationally designed and successfully synthesized. This polymeric prodrug can spontaneously self‐assemble into spherical nanostructures in aqueous solution. The in vitro drug release results imply that this polymeric prodrug can maintain stable in blood circulation while enhance drug release at endosomal acidic condition. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry results demonstrate that the formed prodrug micelles can be internalized by cancer cells effectively. More importantly, this prodrug exhibits excellent cytotoxicity against Hela cells, indicating the pH‐sensitive polymeric prodrug micelles can potentially work as a promising platform for efficient cancer therapy.image
Tics in the Pediatric Population: Pragmatic Management
Authors: Ganos Christos , Martino Davide , Pringsheim Tamara 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundPrimary tic disorders, notably Tourette syndrome, are very common movement disorders in childhood. However, the management of such patients still poses great therapeutic challenges to medical professionals.MethodsBased on a synthesis of the available guidelines published in Europe, Canada, and the United States, coupled with more recent therapeutic developments, the authors provide a pragmatic guide to aid clinicians in deciding when and how to treat patients who have primary tic disorders.ResultsAfter a systematic assessment of tics and common neuropsychiatric comorbidities (primarily attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] and obsessive‐compulsive disorder [OCD]), the first step in treatment is a comprehensive psychoeducation of patients and families that addresses the protean phenomenology of tics and associated behaviors, coping mechanisms, prognosis, and treatment options. When more active intervention beyond watchful monitoring is indicated, hierarchical evaluation of treatment targets (i.e., tics vs. comorbid behavioral symptoms) is crucial. Behavioral treatments for tics are restricted to older children and are not readily available to all centers, mainly due to the paucity of well‐trained therapists. Pharmacological treatments, such as antipsychotics for tics, stimulants and atomoxetine for ADHD, and α2A‐agonists for children with tics plus ADHD, represent widely available and effective treatment options, but safety monitoring must be provided. Combined polypharmacological and behavioral/pharmacological approaches, as well as neuromodulation strategies, remain under‐investigated in this population of patients.ConclusionsThe treatment of children with tics and Tourette syndrome is multifaceted. Multidisciplinary teams with expertise in neurology, psychiatry, psychology, and pediatrics may be helpful to address the complex needs of these children.