bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uptake and Persistence of Safer Conception Strategies Among South African Women Planning for Pregnancy
Authors: Isehunwa Oluwaseyi O. , Jaggernath Manjeetha , Kriel Yolandie , Psaros Christina , Mathenjwa Mxolisi , Hurwitz Kathleen E. , Bennett Kara , Smith Patricia M. , Bangsberg David R. , Marrazzo Jeanne M. , Haberer Jessica E. , Smit Jennifer A. , Matthews Lynn T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSafer conception strategies can minimize HIV acquisition during periconception periods among women living in HIV-endemic areas. We examined uptake and predictors of persistent use of the same safer conception strategy among a cohort of HIV-uninfected South African women ages 18–35 years planning for pregnancy with a partner living with HIV or of unknown HIV-serostatus. The safer conception strategies we evaluated included oral PrEP, condomless sex limited to peak fertility, and waiting for a better time to have a child (until, for example, the risks of HIV acquisition are reduced and/or the individual is prepared to care for a child); persistence was defined as using the same safer conception strategy from the first visit through 9 months follow-up. Modified Poisson regression models were used to examine predictors of persistent use of the same strategy. The average age of 227 women in our cohort was 24.6 (range: 18.0, 35.7) years. In this cohort, 121 (74.2%) women reported persisting in the same strategy through 9 months. Employment and HIV knowledge were associated with the persistent use of any strategy. Our results highlight the need to provide safer conception services to women exposed to HIV during periconception periods. Findings also offer some insights into factors that might influence persistent use. Further research is needed to better understand how to involve male partners and how their involvement might influence women’s consistent use of safer conception strategies during periconception periods.
Demographic responses of an extremophile crustacean to environmental factors: Great Salt Lake (Utah, USA) brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana)
Authors: Belovsky Gary E. , Larson Chad A. , Mahon Heidi K. , Mellison Chad , Stumpf Andrea C. , Ramos Valencia Anghy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHypersaline Great Salt Lake’s (GSL: Utah, USA) pelagic food web is dominated by the herbivore, Artemia franciscana. Artemia demographic responses (survival, developmental transition, and reproduction) to GSL salinities, temperatures, common phytoplankton and yeast, and food levels were examined by factorial experiment. Survival across developmental stages was best at 90 ppt salinity, and decreased as temperature increased. Transition between life stages was best at 45 ppt salinity, and increased as temperature increased. Food was most important with both survival and transitioning responding similarly to food types and increasing with amount of food. Artemia reproduce in two ways (diapausing cysts – oviparity, live young – ovoviviparity): ovoviviparous and total reproduction were greatest at 90 ppt salinity and 20 °C, while oviparous reproduction was weakly affected by salinity and greatest at 20 °C. Oviparity was greatest at low food availability, while ovoviviparity and total reproduction increased with food availability, so reproduction shifted from oviparity to ovoviviparity as food increased. Maternal effects were observed for cyst hatchability, and ovoviviparous nauplii survival and transitioning to the juvenile stage. Combinations of salinity, temperature, food taxa and food amount strongly affect demography, making single factor studies of limited value. Results explain Artemia abundance in different parts of GSL and among years.
Perceived Impact, Needs, and Resources of Grandparents of Children and Adolescents on the Autism Spectrum: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Baena Sofía , Jiménez Lucía , Bejarano Sonia , Hidalgo Victoria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGrandparents play different roles in families of children and adolescents on the autism spectrum. They are frequently engaged in caregiving tasks with the person on the autism spectrum, providing emotional and instrumental support to the family. However, despite their frequent involvement and the importance of their role in the family, there are few studies that address the experiences of these grandparents, particularly in the Spanish and southern Europe context. This study explores the impact and needs of having a grandchild on the autism spectrum and the resources that grandparents have and use to face the difficulties that arise. A semi-structured interview was carried out with 17 grandparents of children and adolescents on the autism spectrum. We conducted a coding reliability thematic analysis of the impact and used a quantitative content analysis of grandparents’ needs and resources. Results indicated three main aspects related to the impact: personal growth, wanting to help and not being able to, and suffering at three levels: for themselves, their sons and daughters, and grandchildren. Grandparents perceived needs in four contexts: their own needs, the needs of the nuclear family, the needs of the person on the autism spectrum, and the needs of society. The most frequent needs were informational and management of behavioral difficulties. In the resources, the most frequently used strategies were religious beliefs and informal support seeking. It is essential to address the quality of parents-grandparents’ relationships, and include grandparents in intervention programmes, as a way of addressing grandparents’ needs.
Status Seeking and Work-Family Conflicts: How the Pursuit of Wealth and Success Threatens Family Peace in 26 Countries
Authors: Hess Stephanie , Schneickert Christian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper takes a cross-national perspective and examines the association between the individual disposition to pursue wealth and success (status seeking) and work–family conflicts. We use data from the 2010 European Social Survey on more than 15,000 individuals from 26 countries who were of working age and living in families with children. The sample selection followed a stratified random sampling strategy and data were collected via computer-assisted personal interviews and pen and pencil interviews administered by trained interview personnel. Employing pooled and comparative single-country regression analyses as well as correlational analyses at the macro-level of countries, our results show that status seeking is related to higher levels of work–family conflict but that the strength of association is vastly different across countries. This individual-level effect is mainly driven by job characteristics and less so by socio-demographics in most of the countries studied. At the country level, better conditions for work and family reconciliation provided by welfare states dampen the effect of ambitiousness on work–family conflict, but only marginally. Interestingly, national wealth (GDP) strengthens the association, while differences in income inequality (Gini coefficient) among countries are not relevant in this regard. Our results highlight the need for a cross-national perspective when determining the antecedents of work–family conflicts.
Interventions to Improve Health Among Refugees in the United States: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bitterfeld Leandra , Ozkaynak Mustafa , Denton Andrea H. , Normeshie Cornelius A. , Valdez Rupa S. , Sharif Noor , Caldwell Priscilla A. , Hauck Fern R. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Refugees arriving to the U.S. experience a high burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases. There is a potential to improve health outcomes for refugees through well-developed, comprehensive interventions, but the effectiveness of such interventions is poorly understood. The purpose of this review is to identify, characterize and evaluate the effectiveness of patient-level healthcare interventions for U.S. refugee populations. We conducted a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL were searched for articles that included a population of refugees of any age, included an intervention aimed at improving health, included an evaluation of the intervention’s outcomes, and were conducted in the U.S. from 2000 to 2022. Thirty-seven studies were included, and we identified three main intervention modalities: healthcare provision/management, resource provision, and education. Interventions targeted general health, infectious disease, women’s health, diet/exercise, health literacy, oral health, diabetes, family health, and substance use. The outcomes measured included knowledge, satisfaction, behavioral outcomes, and physical health markers. This review demonstrates that a few health conditions, namely tuberculosis, have been addressed with large-scale, sustained interventions. Other conditions (general health and women’s health) have been addressed through piecemeal, short-term interventions. The evaluation of interventions often focuses on knowledge or satisfaction rather than health or behavior change outcomes. Future work should focus on the best strategies for developing sustainable interventions that meet the needs of the diverse population of refugees in the U.S.
In-game soccer outcome prediction with offline reinforcement learning
Authors: Rahimian Pegah , Mihalyi Balazs Mark , Toka Laszlo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPredicting outcomes in soccer is crucial for various stakeholders, including teams, leagues, bettors, the betting industry, media, and fans. With advancements in computer vision, player tracking data has become abundant, leading to the development of sophisticated soccer analytics models. However, existing models often rely solely on spatiotemporal features derived from player tracking data, which may not fully capture the complexities of in-game dynamics. In this paper, we present an end-to-end system that leverages raw event and tracking data to predict both offensive and defensive actions, along with the optimal decision for each game scenario, based solely on historical game data. Our model incorporates the effectiveness of these actions to accurately predict win probabilities at every minute of the game. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, achieving an accuracy of 87% in predicting offensive and defensive actions. Furthermore, our in-game outcome prediction model exhibits an error rate of 0.1, outperforming counterpart models and bookmakers’ odds.
Democracy at Gunpoint: American Gun Owners and Attitudes Towards Democracy
Authors: Middlewood Alexandra T. , Finnell Rachel E. , Vegter Abigail 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, research on gun ownership has grown substantially but there has been less exploration of variation within gun owners. This study examines the differences in support for democracy between gun owners and non-gun owners, and in doing so makes an important contribution to the political science literature on group behavior and attitudes. We utilize OLS regression to analyze data from the 2020 American National Election Studies and 2016 General Social Survey public opinion surveys and find that there is a stark divide among gun owners on support for measures of democratic norms. Gun owners are more supportive than non-owners on some measures, but on others there was no relationship between owning a firearm and democratic attitudes. We suggest this is because partisanship—specifically support for Donald Trump—pulled gun owners’ attitudes in opposite directions. These results are consistent with previous work on cross-pressured voters and highlight the limits of group influence in a world where citizens have multiple identities. We conclude that gun owners don’t appear meaningfully different from non-owners on measures of democratic support.
The effect of supplemental oxygen and continuous positive airway pressure withdrawal on endocan levels
Authors: Turnbull Chris D , Stradling John R , Petousi Nayia , Lassalle Philippe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Endocan is a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction, which is a precursor to cardiovascular disease. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with elevated endocan levels but the effects of treatment on endocan levels in OSA are not fully established. We aimed to determine whether endocan levels could be detected by immunoassay and to determine the effect of supplemental oxygen during continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) withdrawal on circulating endocan levels.

Methods
We conducted an exploratory analysis from a randomised controlled crossover study which included participants with OSA. Participants stopped their CPAP therapy and were randomised to receive either supplemental oxygen or sham for 14 nights before crossing over. Supplemental oxygen blocked the rise in blood pressure seen in the sham group. We analysed plasma endocan levels by immunoassay at baseline and after 14 nights of intervention in both groups.

Results
Twenty-five participants were included, with a total of 100 samples. Endocan levels were detectable at all time points in 22 participants (88%), and in 93 (93%) samples. Supplemental oxygen had no effect on endocan levels compared to sham (+ 0.52 ng/ml, 95%CI -0.21 to + 1.25, p = 0.16), and there was no significant difference in endocan levels from baseline to follow-up in either the sham (-0.30 ng/ml, 95%CI -0.89 to + 0.30, p = 0.31) or supplemental oxygen (+ 0.22 ng/ml, 95%CI 0.00 to + 0.44, p = 0.05) arm.

Conclusions
We have shown that endocan levels are detectable before and after CPAP withdrawal. However, we found no effect of supplemental oxygen following CPAP withdrawal on circulating endocan levels.

Trial registration and date
ISRCTN 17,987,510 19/02/2015.
Isotope signature and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry as key indicators of urban soil functionality
Authors: Vannucchi Francesca , Scartazza Andrea , Macci Cristina , Bretzel Francesca , Doni Serena , Rosellini Irene , Tassi Eliana , Pini Roberto , Masciandaro Grazia , Peruzzi Eleonora 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the feasibility of the ecoenzymatic stoichiometry and isotope signature approaches as indicators of urban soil functionality, related to carbon and nutrient cycles.

Methods
In Pisa and Livorno (Italy), study sites with three degrees of urbanization (natural, peri-urban and central urban sites) were selected, where holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) was the most common evergreen species. The urban and peri-urban sites differed in terms of NO2 emissions. At each site, topsoil and plant litter were sampled, pH, EC, TOC, and TN were measured in soil and δ13C and δ15N in soil and plant litter. The β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase enzyme activities were also determined in soil and the ratios were calculated.

Results
The δ15N in plant litter increased from peri-urban to urban sites, along with the NO2 emissions, emerging as a sensitive indicator of atmospheric N deposition. The δ15N and δ13C increased in soil, indicating more rapid N cycles and organic matter degradation in peri-urban and urban areas than in natural areas. The ecoenzymatic stoichiometry revealed C and P microbial limitations for all the sites studied. However, the microbial needs of C and P increased and decreased, respectively, along the urbanization gradient. Isotope abundance and microbial nutrient limitations were found to correlate with soil properties. Specifically, soil δ15N was closely correlated with microbial C limitations.

Conclusion
The isotope signature and enzymatic stoichiometry used as indicators revealed that the soil characteristics affected the soil carbon and nutrient cycles as well as microbial energy and nutrient needs.
Longitudinal Associations Between Cyberbullying Victimization and Cognitive and Affective Components of Subjective Well-Being in Adolescents: A Network Analysis
Authors: Vieta-Piferrer Josefina , Oriol Xavier , Miranda Rafael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a notable increase in studies aimed at investigating the relationships between cyberbullying and subjective well-being (SWB) among adolescent populations. Nonetheless, the existing literature on this topic remains relatively sparse. Consequently, this study aims to explore the prospective associations of these constructs through the application of psychometric network analysis. Two cross-lagged network analyses were conducted (Wave 1 and Wave 2), alongside a longitudinal network analysis, encompassing 888 students aged 12 to 16 years (M = 12.61; SD = 1.79) from five secondary educational institutions. The results from both cross-lagged networks at both time points revealed significant associations among overall life satisfaction (OLS) and the various domains of life satisfaction, thereby reinforcing the central role of OLS within the network architecture of adolescent well-being. Regarding the affective component of SWB, “happy” emerged as the affect demonstrating the highest level of influence and impact at both time points. Additionally, a robust temporal consistency of the network structure was observed. In the longitudinal network analysis, the trajectories of the variables across time indicated that forms of cyberbullying, specifically “exclusion” and “harassment,” were prospectively and negatively related to “satisfaction with friends” and “satisfaction with body image.” The results of these findings are discussed in terms of their practical implications for the prevention and intervention of cyberbullying in adolescent population.
Psychological Determinants of Blood Donation During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hungary
Authors: Dorner László , Csordás Georgina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic had a considerable impact on blood donations worldwide. The present study aims to empirically investigate the determinants of willingness to donate blood during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary. Methods Our study was carried out on 418 whole blood donors (286 women, 68.4%) using data collection from the online and paper self-report questionnaire data collection. We evaluated the association between motivation, self-efficacy, and technical and emotional barriers to donation. Results The correlational analysis showed that the number of donations during the COVID-19 pandemic was positively associated with the total number of donations; habit and identity motivation; and blood donation self-efficacy. In contrast, a negative association has been found with perceived barriers during the pandemic. The path model confirmed that the number of donations during the pandemic can be explained by the donors' habit and identity motivation facilitated by the experienced blood donation self-efficacy. The number of total donations also predicted the donations during COVID-19. Conclusion These findings suggest that high donor self-efficacy is associated with habitual donation and the need to reinforce donor identity, which may again positively influence the number of donations. These factors contribute to the continued willingness to donate and result in a stable blood supply even during a health crisis or other societal challenges. Our research fits into a series of studies that draw the attention of blood donation professionals to the importance of identifying and maintaining a motivational background, increasing self-efficacy, and removing barriers to blood donation.
Machine learning in polymer additive manufacturing: a review
Authors: Nikooharf Mohammad Hossein , Shirinbayan Mohammadali , Arabkoohi Mahsa , Bahlouli Nadia , Fitoussi Joseph , Benfriha Khaled 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a commonly utilized technique in the manufacturing process of a wide range of materials. Recent advances in AM technology provide precise control over processing parameters, enabling the creation of complex geometries and enhancing the quality of the final product. Moreover, Machine Learning (ML) has become widely used to make systems work better by using materials and processes more intelligently and controlling their resulting properties. In industrial settings, implementing ML not only reduces the lead time of manufacturing processes but also enhances the quality and properties of produced parts through optimization of process parameters. Also, ML techniques have facilitated the advancement of cyber manufacturing in AM systems, thereby revolutionizing Industry 4.0. The current review explores the application of ML techniques across different aspects of AM including material and technology selection, optimization and control of process parameters, defect detection, and evaluation of properties results in the printed objects, as well as integration with Industry 4.0 paradigms. The progressive phases of utilizing ML in the context of AM, including data gathering, data preparation, feature engineering, model selection, training, and validation, have been discussed. Finally, certain challenges associated with the use of ML in the AM and some of the best-practice solutions have been presented.
Neonatal encephalopathy due to suspected hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: pathophysiology, current, and emerging treatments
Authors: Babbo Carina Corte-Real , Mellet Juanita , van Rensburg Jeanne , Pillay Shakti , Horn Alan Richard , Nakwa Firdose Lambey , Velaphi Sithembiso Christopher , Kali Gugulabatembunamahlubi Tenjiwe Jabu , Coetzee Melantha , Masemola Mogomane Yvonne Khomotso , Ballot Daynia Elizabeth , Pepper Michael Sean 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) due to suspected hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), referred to as NESHIE, is a clinical diagnosis in late preterm and term newborns. It occurs as a result of impaired cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery during the peripartum period and is used until other causes of NE have been discounted and HIE is confirmed. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the only evidence-based and clinically approved treatment modality for HIE. However, the limited efficacy and uncertain benefits of TH in some low- to middle-income countries (LMICs) and the associated need for intensive monitoring have prompted investigations into more accessible and effective stand-alone or additive treatment options.

Data sources
This review describes the rationale and current evidence for alternative treatments in the context of the pathophysiology of HIE based on literatures from Pubmed and other online sources of published data.

Results
The underlining mechanisms of neurotoxic effect, current clinically approved treatment, various categories of emerging treatments and clinical trials for NE are summarized in this review. Melatonin, caffeine citrate, autologous cord blood stem cells, Epoetin alfa and Allopurinal are being tested as potential neuroprotective agents currently.

Conclusion
This review describes the rationale and current evidence for alternative treatments in the context of the pathophysiology of HIE. Neuroprotective agents are currently only being investigated in high- and middle-income settings. Results from these trials will need to be interpreted and validated in LMIC settings. The focus of future research should therefore be on the development of inexpensive, accessible monotherapies and should include LMICs, where the highest burden of NESHIE exists.

Graphical abstract
A proof of the Elliott–Rödl conjecture on hypertrees in Steiner triple systems
Authors: Im Seonghyuk , Kim Jaehoon , Lee Joonkyung , Methuku Abhishek 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Hypertrees are linear hypergraphs where every two vertices are connected by a unique path. Elliott and Rödl conjectured that for any given

$\mu>0$

, there exists

$n_0$

such that the following holds. Every n-vertex Steiner triple system contains all hypertrees with at most

$(1-\mu )n$

vertices whenever

$n\geq n_0$

. We prove this conjecture.