bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization and Kinetics Evaluation of Bachmann Process for RDX Synthesis
Authors: Jadhav Pandurang M. , Prasanth Hima , Pandey Raj K. , Shinde Ujwala R. , Desai Shashikant A. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) is one of the high explosives extensively used for various military and civil applications. RDX is predominantly used in warheads, the most advanced solid propellants for guns and rockets and in plastic bonded explosives for improving performance characteristics. Thus the increasing demand of RDX necessitates study on reaction engineering and reactor stability in view of enhancement of safety as well as productivity. In present study, Bachmann process has been studied in detail for understanding role of reagents, time and temperature on reaction yield. Reaction rates of RDX and side products have been evaluated at various temperatures using continuous flow technique. Second order reaction was found sensitive towards temperature and concentrations of nitric acid and acetic anhydride. Higher magnitude of activation energy was evaluated for side products (25.2 kcal/mol) than RDX (18.71 kcal/mol). Optimum temperature of reaction has been obtained on profiling its progression at various reaction rates and temperature. Further, reactor stability analysis has been carried out to identify the safe operation conditions for this highly exothermic reaction. Effect of coolant flow rate and temperature as well as feed temperature has been analyzed on heat removal rate to obtain the safe regime of reaction. The information related to maximization of RDX formation and safe design of continuous process has been presented in manuscript.
Online Teaching Efficacy: A Product of Professional Development and Ongoing Support
Authors: Richter Sally , Idleman Lynda 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe purpose of the pilot study was to investigate the perceptions of online teaching efficacy of nursing faculty who teach courses in which 51% or more of the content is offered online. Bandura’s psychological construct of self-efficacy served as the conceptual framework. The research survey was administered to nursing faculty in a state university system located in the southeastern United States of America, plus two private universities. The Michigan Nurse Educator’s Sense of Efficacy for Online Teaching Scale, which contains 32 items that measure how nurse educators judge their current capabilities for teaching online nursing courses, was used to gather data. Overall, the scores reflected that faculty perceived themselves as quite a bit efficacious on a scale that ranged from 1 to 9. As nursing educators received more support in designing and implementing online courses, their efficacy increased. It is critical that faculty are supported on an ongoing basis to increase and develop online teaching skills in order to teach high-quality courses in online programs. Faculty members must also be recognized for their work, time, and commitment required to be effective online educators. The findings of this study revealed those participants who had a number of professional development supports and release time to develop online courses have a greater sense of efficacy.
Chronic endurance exercise antagonizes the cardiac UCP2 and UCP3 protein up-regulation induced by nandrolone decanoate
Authors: Bayat Gholamreza , Javan Mohammad , Khalili Azadeh , Safari Fatemeh , Shokri Saeed , Hajizadeh Sohrab 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Background:
Several lines of evidence revealed that chronic treatment of anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) is accompanied with some cardiovascular side effects and in addition they also negatively mask the beneficial effects of exercise training on cardiac performance.

Methods:
The present study examined whether the nandrolone decanoate (ND)-induced cardiac effects were mediated by changing the cardiac uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and 3 (UCP3) expression. Five groups of male wistar-albino rats including sedentary control (SC), sedentary vehicle (SV), sedentary nandrolone decanoate (SND), exercise control (EC), and exercise nandrolone decanoate (END) were used. ND was injected (10 mg/kg/week, intramuscular) to the animals in the SND and END groups and endurance exercise training was performed on a treadmill five times per week.

Results:
The protein expressions of cardiac UCP2 and UCP3 have significantly increased in both the SND and EC groups compared to the SC ones. In contrast to UCP3, no significant differences were found between UCP2 protein expressions of the END and SC groups. Compared with the SND group, the exercise training significantly decreased the UCP2 and UCP3 protein expressions in the END group.

Conclusions:
The study has indicated that endurance exercise in combination with ND can result in that the exercise effectively antagonizes the effects of ND treatment on UCP2 and UCP3 up-regulation.
Fiscal Decentralisation and Income Inequality: Empirical Evidence from OECD Countries
Authors: Stossberg Sibylle , Blöchliger Hansjörg 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFiscal decentralisation might be partially responsible for rising income inequality by exacerbating competition between sub-national governments and compromising national government’s ability to redistribute. This paper investigates the relationship between fiscal decentralisation and economy-wide disposable income inequality. Drawing on a dataset of up to 20 OECD countries and covering the period 1996 to 2011, the analysis links a set of income inequality indicators and a wide array of fiscal decentralisation indicators. Results indicate that decentralisation might actually reduce income inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient, but the effect is rather small and unstable across specifications. Fine-graining the analysis by using income percentile ratios, in turn, produces more significant and stable results. As such, the effects of fiscal decentralisation are not the same along the income distribution. While decentralisation tends to be associated with a reduction in income inequality between high incomes and the median, it is linked to a divergence of low income groups from the median, notably via sub-central tax autonomy. Transfers between levels of government also tend to be associated with an increase in the gap between lower and middle incomes. Interpreting these effects jointly, it seems that mainly middle income earners benefit from fiscal decentralisation.
White light generation using photonic crystal fiber with sub-micron circular lattice
Authors: Saghaei Hamed , Ghanbari Ashkan 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we study a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with circular lattice and engineer linear and nonlinear parameters by varying the diameter of air-holes. It helps us obtain low and high zero dispersion wavelengths in the visible and nearinfrared regions. We numerically demonstrate that by launching 100 fs input pulses of 1, 2, and 5 kW peak powers with center wavelength of 532 nm from an unamplified Ti:sapphire laser into a 100 mm length of the engineered PCF, supercontinua as wide as 290, 440 and 830 nm can be obtained, respectively. The spectral broadening is due to the combined action of self-phase modulation, stimulated Raman scattering and parametric four-wave-mixing generation of the pump pulses. The third and the widest spectrum covers the entire visible range and a part of near infrared region making it a suitable source for both white light applications and optical coherence tomography to measure retinal oxygen metabolic response to systemic oxygenation.
Application of neural network for real-time measurement of electrical resistivity in cold crucible
Authors: Votava Pavel , Poznyak Igor 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The article describes use of an Induction furnace with cold crucible as a tool for real-time measurement of a melted material electrical resistivity. The measurement is based on an inverse problem solution of a 2D mathematical model, possibly implementable in a microcontroller or a FPGA in a form of a neural network. The 2D mathematical model results has been provided as a training set for the neural network. At the end, the implementation results are discussed together with uncertainty of measurement, which is done by the neural network implementation itself.
Ranges of protons in biological targets
Authors: Pavlovič Márius , Hammerle Andreas 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The paper introduces a simple fitting function for quick assessment of proton ranges in biological targets and human tissues. The function has been found by fitting an extensive data set of Monte Carlo proton ranges obtained with the aid of the SRIM-2013 code. The data has been collected for 28 different targets at 8 energies in the interval from 60 MeV to 220 MeV. The paper shows that at a given kinetic proton-beam energy, the Monte Carlo ranges can be satisfactorily fitted by a power function that depends solely on the target density. This is a great advantage for targets, for which the exact chemical composition is not known, or the mean ionizing potential is not reliably known. The satisfactory fit is meant as the fit that stays within the natural range straggling of the Monte Carlo ranges. In the second step, the energy-scaling yielding a universal fitting formula for proton ranges as a function of proton-beam energy and target density is introduced and discussed.
Model predictive control of room temperature with disturbance compensation
Authors: Kurilla Jozef , Hubinský Peter 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This paper deals with temperature control of multivariable system of office building. The system is simplified to several single input-single output systems by decoupling their mutual linkages, which are separately controlled by regulator based on generalized model predictive control. Main part of this paper focuses on the accuracy of the office temperature with respect to occupancy profile and effect of disturbance. Shifting of desired temperature and changing of weighting coefficients are used to achieve the desired accuracy of regulation. The final structure of regulation joins advantages of distributed computing power and possibility to use network communication between individual controllers to consider the constraints. The advantage of using decoupled MPC controllers compared to conventional PID regulators is demonstrated in a simulation study.
Performance analysis of modified tent map interleaver in IDMA systems
Authors: Shukla Aasheesh , Deolia Vinay Kumar 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In the last years, Interleave Division Multiple Access (IDMA) has been presented as a potential alternate of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system. In IDMA systems, the interleavers are used to separate the users of the system in multiple access environments. Random interleaver is popular and basic taxonomy, which scrambles information bits of craving users with different patterns. However the indispensable characteristics of a random interleaver such as bandwidth requirement, computational complexity, and memory restraint at both transmitter and receiver end is uttermost. Further, it has also been observed that the study of role of chaos in interleaver design is very limited in literature. Hence, in this paper, a low complexity chaos based interleaver named as modified Tent map interleaver is designed for further performance improvement of IDMA system and the characteristic parameters are compared with the random interleaver. The IDMA system model uses a BPSK modulation and repetition coder with a code rate of 1/2. The system is simulated in MATLAB and results show that the better BER performance without the need of extra memory resources.
Crystal structure of bis{5-methoxy-2-((E)-((4-((E)-1-(methoxyimino)ethyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ2
N,O)}copper(II), C34H34CuN4O6
Authors: Zhao Ji-Xing , Zhao Li , Li Peng-Peng , Zhu Zhao-Bin 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
C34H34CuN4O6, Monoclinic, P21/c, a = 10.4018(4) Å, b = 6.1634(2) Å, c = 24.2227(15) Å, β = 101.820(5)°, Z = 2, V = 1520.01(13) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0565, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1455, T = 292 K.
N′-(5-ethoxycarbonyl-3,4-dimethyl-pyrrol-2-yl-methylidene)-4-hydroxybenzohydrazide monohydrate, C17H21N3O5
Authors: Mao Pan-Dong , Yan Ling-Ling , Wu Wei-Na , Cai Hong-Xin 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
C17H21N3O5, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.2278(16) Å, b = 15.093(3) Å, c = 12.698(2) Å, β = 105.195(12)°, V = 1706.7(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0553, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1662, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 5,6-Dihydro-9,10-dimethoxybenzo[g]-1,3-benzodioxolo[5,6-a]chinolizinium 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-olate - methanol - water (1/1/1), C36H33NO10
Authors: Lou Benyong , Huang Yali , Zheng Guocai , Lin Qi 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
C36H33NO10, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.113(7) Å, b = 17.883(9) Å, c = 12.724(7) Å, β = 108.218(9)°, V = 3050(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0788, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1967, T = 293 K.
Study on Maritime Logistics Warehousing Center Model and Precision Marketing Strategy Optimization Based on Fuzzy Method and Neural Network Model
Authors: Xiao Kefeng , Hu Xiaolan 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The bulk commodity, different with the retail goods, has a uniqueness in the location selection, the chosen of transportation program and the decision objectives. How to make optimal decisions in the facility location, requirement distribution, shipping methods and the route selection and establish an effective distribution system to reduce the cost has become a burning issue for the e-commerce logistics, which is worthy to be deeply and systematically solved. In this paper, Logistics warehousing center model and precision marketing strategy optimization based on fuzzy method and neural network model is proposed to solve this problem. In addition, we have designed principles of the fuzzy method and neural network model to solve the proposed model because of its complexity. Finally, we have solved numerous examples to compare the results of lingo and Matlab, we use Matlab and lingo just to check the result and to illustrate the numerical example, we can find from the result, the multi-objective model increases logistics costs and improves the efficiency of distribution time.
Investigation of Low-Sidelobe Beampattern Controlling Methods for Acoustic Transmitting Array of Underwater Vehicles
Authors: He Zhengyao , Shi Qiang , Wu Shaoxuan 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In underwater unmanned vehicles, complex acoustic transducer arrays are always used to transmitting sound waves to detect and position underwater targets. Two methods of obtaining low-sidelobe transmitting beampatterns for acoustic transmitting arrays of underwater vehicles are investigated. The first method is the boundary element model optimization method which used the boundary element theory together with the optimization method to calculate the driving voltage weighting vector of the array. The second method is the measured receiving array manifold vector optimization method which used the measured receiving array manifold vectors and optimization method to calculate the weighting vector. Both methods can take into account the baffle effect and mutual interactions among elements of complex acoustic arrays. Computer simulation together with experiments are carried out for typical complex arrays. The results agree well and show that the two methods are both able to obtain a lower sidelobe transmitting beampattern than the conventional beamforming method, and the source level for each transmitting beam is maximized in constraint of the maximum driving voltage of array elements being constant. The effect of the second method performs even better than that of the first method, which is more suitable for practical application. The methods are very useful for the improvement of detecting and positioning capability of underwater unmanned vehicles.
AE Test of Calcareous Sands with Particle Rushing
Authors: Tan Fengyi , Wang Xinzhi , Hu Mingjian , Wang Ren , Zhu Changqi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe particle of calcareous sands was forced to crush, then the energy from the crushing was released by the form of sound waves. Therefore the AE technique was used to detect the calcareous sands AE signal when it crushed. by to study the AE characteristics, the mechanics of calcareous sands was studied. Study showed that: (1) there was the AE activities on the low confining pressure condition at the beginnig of test, (2) there was more and more AE activities with the continuing of test until to the end, (3) the calcareous sands’ AE activities was on the whole testing, (4) the calcareous sands’ particle crushing and mutual friction played different roles for its AE activities. Then the AE model based on the calcarous sands’ particle crushing was discussed.
Research on the Statistical Characteristics of Crosstalk in Naval Ships Wiring Harness Based on Polynomial Chaos Expansion Method
Authors: Chi Yaodan , Li Bin , Yang Xiaotian , Wang Tianhao , Yang Kaiyu , Gao Yinhan 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Crosstalk in wiring harness has been studied extensively for its importance in the naval ships electromagnetic compatibility field. An effective and high-efficiency method is proposed in this paper for analyzing Statistical Characteristics of crosstalk in wiring harness with random variation of position based on Polynomial Chaos Expansion (PCE). A typical 14-cable wiring harness was simulated as the object of research. Distance among interfering cable, affected cable and GND is synthesized and analyzed in both frequency domain and time domain. The model of naval ships wiring harness distribution parameter was established by utilizing Legendre orthogonal polynomials as basis functions along with prediction model of statistical characters. Detailed mean value, mean square error, probability density function and reasonable varying range of crosstalk in naval ships wiring harness are described in both time domain and frequency domain. Numerical experiment proves that the method proposed in this paper, not only has good consistency with the MC method can be applied in the naval ships EMC research field to provide theoretical support for guaranteeing safety, but also has better time-efficiency than the MC method. Therefore, the Polynomial Chaos Expansion method.
Pilot Study Evaluating the Efficacy of Four Cleaning Solutions and Two Types of Mops in Delimited Areas of a Floor Contaminated with Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Roland Christel , Adé Apolline , Ouellette-Frève Johann-François , Gagné Sébastien , Caron Nicolas , Bussières Jean-François 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundHazardous drugs (HD) traces are measured in most hospitals that perform environmental surveillance. Uncertainties exist regarding the cleaning agents and procedures needed to completely remove HD contamination The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of four cleaning solutions and two types of mops in reducing contamination on a floor contaminated with a predetermined amount of cyclophosphamide (CP).MethodsThis pilot study was divided into three steps: 1) the voluntary contamination of a pre-delimited area on the floor (3600cmResultsThe average decontamination efficacy of the four cleaning products used was: 99.53%±0.41 % for the detergent, 99.74%±0.15 % for quaternary ammonium, 99.86%±0.11 % for sodium hypochlorite, 99.75%±0.15 %, for hydrogen peroxide. The average decontamination efficacy for disposable mops was 99.58%±0.28 % and 99.86%±0.09 % for non-disposable mops.ConclusionSodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, quaternary ammonium and a detergent applied with a disposable or a non-disposable mop were efficient to reduce the CP concentration on the floor contaminated with a predetermined quantity of CP. However, no cleaning scenarios was able to remove 100 % of CP after one cleaning session. Further studies are required to identify an optimal strategy.
Aufstieg und Fall der „McNamara-Linie“: Aktuelle Lehren aus dem Vietnamkrieg
Authors: Rühle Michael 
Published: September 2017

Kurzfassung:
Der Artikel befasst sich mit den Plänen des früheren US-Verteidigungsministers Robert McNamara, den Vietnam-Krieg im Herbst 1967 durch eine elektronische Landbarriere südlich der entmilitarisierten Zone entscheidend zu beeinflussen. Diese Barriere sollte den Zustrom von Waffen, Kämpfern und Nachschub aus dem Norden Vietnams stoppen und dadurch die Möglichkeit eines Verhandlungsfriedens schaffen. Dieser Plan, der von einer Gruppe akademischer Berater entwickelt worden war, traf auf den Widerstand der militärischen Führung und erwies sich letztlich als undurchführbar. Die Erfahrungen, die man aus dem fehlgeschlagenen Experiment der McNamara-Linie ziehen kann, lassen sich verallgemeinern und sind auch heute noch anwendbar.
Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc(II)-Complexes with S-Alkyl Derivatives of Thiosalicylic Acid
Authors: Nikolic Milos V. , Mijajlovic Marina Z. , Tomovic Dusan Lj. , Bukonjic Andriana M. , Jevtic Verica V. , Ratkovic Zoran R. , Trifunovic Srecko R. , Radic Gordana P. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
New zinc(II)-complexes with S-alkyl derivatives of thiosalicylic acid (alkyl = benzyl-(L1), methyl-(L2), ethyl-(L3), propyl-(L4), butyl-(L5)) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental microanalysis, IR spectroscopy, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The S-alkyl derivatives of thiosalicylic acid were prepared by alkylation of thiosalicylic acid by adding alkyl halides to an alkaline water-ethanol solution, while the corresponding zinc(II)-complexes were obtained via the direct reaction of ZnCl2 with S-alkyl derivatives of thiosalicylic acid in water. Based on the microanalysis results and the IR and NMR spectra of the S-alkyl derivatives of thiosalicylic acid and the corresponding zinc(II)-complexes, we concluded that the ligands are bidentately coordinated to the zinc(II)-ion.
Normen der Selbst-Disziplinierung in YouTube-Videos
Authors: Geimer Alexander , Burghardt Daniel 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag untersucht die Produktion und Rezeption eines Sub-Genres von YouTube-Lifestyle-Videos: Professionelle Life Hack- und Transformation-Videos von YouTube-Stars und entsprechende Amateur-Videos, die sich auf erstere beziehen. Damit verfolgen wir zwei Anliegen: Einerseits sollen mittels der Analysen von Videos zu Videos methodisch-methodologisch die Eigenheiten der Kommunikation auf der Video-Plattform berücksichtigt werden. Dabei soll andererseits der spezifisch normative Appellcharakter von professionellen Life Hack- und Transformation-Videos untersucht werden, indem nicht nur diese Videos selbst, sondern unterschiedliche Varianten der Nachahmung in Amateur-Videos in den Blick geraten. Es werden in dieser Hinsicht Normen der Selbst-Disziplinierung rekonstruiert und zwei Formen ihrer spielerischen und mimetischen Aneignung unterschieden und diskutiert.