bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined effects of a natural Allium spp. extract and modified atmospheres packaging on shelf life extension of olive‐based paste
Authors: Cosmai Lucrezia , Campanella Daniela , Summo Carmine , Paradiso Vito Michele , Pasqualone Antonella , De Angelis Maria , Caponio Francesco 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis study aimed to extend the shelf life of non‐thermally stabilised olive‐based paste by adding different concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1.0 g kg−1) of a natural Allium spp. extract and/or by using different packaging atmospheres (MAP1, 75% Ar‐23% CO2‐2% H2; MAP2, 70% N2‐30% CO2) during refrigerated storage. Higher amounts of the natural extract gave the highest level of microbial inhibition, increased hardness, a greater release of aldehydes, esters, and ketones, and a better colour preservation when used with MAP1. The natural extract and MAP, either alone or in combination, produced no sensory defects (except for the control in MAP2), but a greater loss of typical olive flavour. The addition of the natural extract used with an appropriate MAP, can retain the quality attributes and extend shelf life for approximately 14 days longer than the control (without natural extract and MAP), and a better performance is achieved by using greater amounts of natural extract and MAP1.
Development and perceived effects of an educational programme on quality and safety in medication handling in residential facilities
Authors: Mygind Anna , El-Souri Mira , Rossing Charlotte , Thomsen Linda Aagaard 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objectives
To develop and test an educational programme on quality and safety in medication handling for staff in residential facilities for the disabled.

Methods
The continuing pharmacy education instructional design model was used to develop the programme with 22 learning objectives on disease and medicines, quality and safety, communication and coordination. The programme was a flexible, modular seven + two days’ course addressing quality and safety in medication handling, disease and medicines, and medication supervision and reconciliation. The programme was tested in five Danish municipalities. Municipalities were selected based on their application for participation; each independently selected a facility for residents with mental and intellectual disabilities, and a facility for residents with severe mental illnesses. Perceived effects were measured based on a questionnaire completed by participants before and after the programme. Effects on motivation and confidence as well as perceived effects on knowledge, skills and competences related to medication handling, patient empowerment, communication, role clarification and safety culture were analysed conducting bivariate, stratified analyses and test for independence.

Key findings
Of the 114 participants completing the programme, 75 participants returned both questionnaires (response rate = 66%). Motivation and confidence regarding quality and safety in medication handling significantly improved, as did perceived knowledge, skills and competences on 20 learning objectives on role clarification, safety culture, medication handling, patient empowerment and communication.

Conclusions
The programme improved staffs’ motivation and confidence and their perceived ability to handle residents’ medication safely through improved role clarification, safety culture, medication handling and patient empowerment and communication skills.
Transfer of care – a randomised control trial investigating the effect of sending the details of patients’ discharge medication to their community pharmacist on discharge from hospital
Authors: Hockly Megan , Williams Sian , Allen Marcus 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objective
There is substantial evidence demonstrating that transferring patients between care providers is a high-risk area for medicines management. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sending patients’ hospital discharge letters to their nominated community pharmacists on the number of discrepancies between the patient’s general practitioner (GP) records and the discharge letter and between the patient’s self-described medication regime and the discharge letter.

Methods
In a randomised, controlled trial, 33 participants in two groups, control and intervention, had their discharge letter sent to either their GP only or their GP and nominated community pharmacy after hospital discharge. At least 3 weeks after hospital discharge, the participant’s current GP’s medication record and their self-described medication regime was obtained. Discrepancies between their GP medication record and their discharge letter and between the participant’s self-described medication regime and their discharge letter were counted. The number of discrepancies (relative to the number of drugs prescribed) in the intervention group was compared with the control group for each of the above two categories, using the chi-squared test to determine the statistical significance of any differences between the two groups.

Results
The intervention group had statistically fewer discrepancies than the control group for both data sets: GP records compared with the discharge letters (P &lt; 0.0005); participants’ self-described medication regimes compared with the discharge letters (P &lt; 0.00005).

Conclusions
Sending a copy of patients’ discharge letters to their community pharmacists could be beneficial in reducing post-discharge prescribing discrepancies and improving patient understanding of the changes made to their medicines.
The effect of pictorial content on attention levels and alcohol‐related beliefs: An eye‐tracking study
Authors: Monk R. L. , Westwood J. , Heim D. , Qureshi A. W. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTo examine attention levels to different types of alcohol warning labels. Twenty‐two participants viewed neutral or graphic warning messages while dwell times for text and image components of messages were assessed. Pre and postexposure outcome expectancies were assessed in order to compute change scores. Dwell times were significantly higher for the image, as opposed to the text, components of warnings, irrespective of image type. Participants whose expectancies increased after exposure to the warnings spent longer looking at the image than did those whose positive expectancies remained static or decreased. Images in alcohol warnings appear beneficial for drawing attention, although findings may suggest that this is also associated with heightened positive alcohol‐related beliefs. Implications for health intervention are discussed and future research in this area is recommended.
Physical activity and prevalence of erectile dysfunction in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Dogo Study
Authors: Minami Hisaka , Furukawa Shinya , Sakai Takenori , Niiya Tetsuji , Miyaoka Hiroaki , Miyake Teruki , Yamamoto Shin , Kanzaki Sayaka , Maruyama Koutatsu , Tanaka Keiko , Ueda Teruhisa , Senba Hidenori , Torisu Masamoto , Tanigawa Takeshi , Matsuura Bunzo , Hiasa Yoichi , Miyake Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo date, there is no evidence regarding the association between physical activity (PA) and erectile dysfunction (ED) among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We investigated this issue among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsStudy participants were 460 male Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The definitions of exercise habit, walking habit and fast walking were based on a self‐administered questionnaire regarding PA behavior. Participants were classified into one of four PA levels based on the number of ‘Yes’ answers to the three questions in the questionnaire: (i) lowest; (ii) lower; (iii) moderate; and (iv) higher. Severe ED and moderate‐to‐severe ED were based on Sexual Health Inventory for Men score <8 and <12, respectively.ResultsThe prevalence of moderate‐to‐severe ED, severe ED, exercise habit, walking habit, and fast walking was 64.6, 51.1, 36.3, 41.3 and 37.6%, respectively. Walking habit was independently inversely associated with moderate‐to‐severe ED and severe ED. Exercise habit was independently inversely associated with severe ED, but not moderate‐to‐severe ED. Higher PA was independently inversely associated with moderate‐to‐severe ED and severe ED (adjusted odds ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.21–0.85; and adjusted odds ratio 0.38, 95% CI: 0.19–0.73, respectively). There was a statistically significant inverse exposure–response relationship between the PA level and moderate‐to‐severe ED and severe ED (P for trend = 0.02 and 0.005), respectively.ConclusionsPA might be inversely associated with ED in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Using classification tree analysis to generate propensity score weights
Authors: Linden Ariel , Yarnold Paul R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesIn evaluating non‐randomized interventions, propensity scores (PS) estimate the probability of assignment to the treatment group given observed characteristics. Machine learning algorithms have been proposed as an alternative to conventional logistic regression for modelling PS in order to avoid limitations of linear methods. We introduce classification tree analysis (CTA) to generate PS which is a “decision‐tree”‐like classification model that provides accurate, parsimonious decision rules that are easy to display and interpret, reports P values derived via permutation tests, and evaluates cross‐generalizability.MethodUsing empirical data, we identify all statistically valid CTA PS models and then use them to compute strata‐specific, observation‐level PS weights that are subsequently applied in outcomes analyses. We compare findings obtained using this framework to logistic regression and boosted regression, by evaluating covariate balance using standardized differences, model predictive accuracy, and treatment effect estimates obtained using median regression and a weighted CTA outcomes model.ResultsWhile all models had some imbalanced covariates, main‐effects logistic regression yielded the lowest average standardized difference, whereas CTA yielded the greatest predictive accuracy. Nevertheless, treatment effect estimates were generally consistent across all models.ConclusionsAssessing standardized differences in means as a test of covariate balance is inappropriate for machine learning algorithms that segment the sample into two or more strata. Because the CTA algorithm identifies all statistically valid PS models for a sample, it is most likely to identify a correctly specified PS model, and should be considered as an alternative approach to modeling the PS.
Comparison of Recombinant Proteins of Kinesin 39, Heat Shock Protein 70, Heat Shock Protein 83, and Glycoprotein 63 for Antibody Detection of Leishmania martiniquensis Infection
Authors: Siripattanapipong Suradej , Kato Hirotomo , Tan‐ariya Peerapan , Mungthin Mathirut , Leelayoova Saovanee 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLeishmania martiniquensis, a zoonotic hemoflagellate, is a causative agent of cutaneous (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) among humans and animals. This organism, first reported in Martinique Island, now has become an emerging infectious agent in Thailand. Symptomatic cases of L. martiniquensis infection among humans have continuously increased. In the meantime, asymptomatic infection of this novel species has seriously created national public health awareness and concern to prevent and control disease transmission. The unsuccessful serological test using the commercial rK39 dipstick based on antigen from Leishmania donovani to detect the antibodies against VL among infected Thai patients has encouraged us to further explore a new sensitive and specific antigenic epitope. In this study, we determined the sequences and expressed recombinant proteins of kinesin 39 (k39), heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), heat shock protein 83 (hsp83), and glycoprotein 63 (gp63) of L. martiniquensis to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency to detect antibodies against L. martiniquensis in patient sera. The preliminary results from western blot analysis have suggested that K39 is the most sensitive recombinant protein to detect L. martiniquensis. Moreover, this recombinant protein reacts with antibodies against L. donovani and Leishmania infantum, making it a promising antigen for further development of a universal rapid diagnostic tool for VL.
Trypanoxyuris (Trypanoxyuris) minutus (Schneider, 1866) among Alouatta guariba clamitans (Cabrera, 1940) in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Alynne da Silva , Dib Laís Verdan , Uchôa Claudia M. Antunes , Bastos Otilio Machado Pereira , Pissinatti Alcides 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study reports on infection by Trypanoxyuris (Trypanoxyuris) minutus among Alouatta guariba clamitans through biometry on adults and eggs. A total of 58 adult helminths were recovered from the small segment of the animal's large intestine. This study is the first report of this parasite among A. guariba clamitans in Rio de Janeiro.
Elevated preoperative neutrophil : lymphocyte ratio as a preoperative indicator of mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation
Authors: Nanki Yoshiko , Chiyoda Tatsuyuki , Kataoka Fumio , Nomura Hiroyuki , Nakadaira Naoki , Iwasa Naomi , Hashimoto Shiho , Arima Hirokazu , Susumu Nobuyuki , Aoki Daisuke 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimTo examine the usefulness of the neutrophil : lymphocyte (N/L) ratio as a cost‐effective and simple diagnostic marker of mature cystic teratoma (MCT) with malignant transformation (MT).MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed between 1998 and 2013 of 12 MCT patients with MT and between 2009 and 2013 of 130 patients with benign MCT. Data were collected on age, tumor size, white blood cell count with differential counts, tumor marker levels, and presenting features.ResultsOlder age, greater tumor size, higher CA19‐9 or CA125, higher neutrophil count, and higher N/L ratio were associated with MT on univariate analysis. White blood cell count; lymphocyte count; and the tumor marker squamous cell carcinoma antigen were not associated with MT. Older age (≥median), larger tumor size (≥10 cm), and high N/L ratio (≥5.0) were predictors of MT (hazard ratio, 11.51, 5.87, and 11.11, respectively). Six of 12 patients were diagnosed with MT on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and five of 12 had an N/L ratio ≥5.0.ConclusionsNeutrophil : lymphocyte ratio is a potential preoperative diagnostic marker of MT. The optimal cut‐off should be determined in future large‐scale studies.
Sensory recovery of non‐innervated free flaps and nasolabial island flaps used for tongue reconstruction of oncological defects
Authors: Zhu L. , Zhang J. , Song X. , Hou W. , Wu S. , Chen W. , Svensson P. , Wang K. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe aims of this study were to assess sensory recovery and impact on life quality after tongue reconstruction of oncological defects using different flap types. Thirty‐two patients who underwent tongue reconstruction for oncological defects 9·3 months after surgery with non‐innervated radial forearm free flaps (RFFFs) (N = 16), non‐innervated anterolateral thigh free flaps (ALTFFs) (N = 8) and nasolabial island flaps (NLIFs) (N = 8), and 20 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls participated in the study. The modalities assessed were cold detection threshold, warm detection threshold (WDT), cold pain threshold, heat pain threshold (HPT), mechanical detection threshold (MDT), mechanical pain threshold (MPT) and the Chinese version of Oral Health Impact Profile‐49. ALTFFs was significantly more sensitive than RFFFs (P = 0·005) and NLIFs (P = 0·014) for WDT, and showed a better sensory recovery than RFFFs for HPT (P = 0·011). ALTFFs and NLIFs showed significantly better sensory recovery than RFFFs for MDT (P < 0·005). NLIFs showed the best sensory recovery for MPT, followed by ALTFFs and lastly RFFFs (P = 0·004). NLIFs also showed the least impact on quality of life measures related to psychological discomfort compared to RFFFs and ALTFFs (P < 0·019). All modalities of sensory recovery in RFFFs did not depend on gender and post‐operative radiotherapy (P > 0·05). Different flaps for tongue reconstruction of oncological defects appear to have different patterns of sensory recovery and impact on quality of life measures. A longer follow‐up period and larger number of participants will be needed in future studies.
Curriculum influence on interdisciplinary oral health education and practice
Authors: Clark Melinda , Quinonez Rocio , Bowser Jonathan , Silk Hugh 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesOral diseases are very prevalent across the lifespan and impact overall health, yet are largely preventable. The Smiles for Life (SFL) curriculum was created to educate healthcare providers about oral disease and support integration of oral health and primary care. This study examines SFL's influence on clinical practice and education.MethodsSurveys were sent to registered users of SFL. Users who self‐identified as direct care providers (DCPs), or educators, were included in the analysis.ResultsSurvey response rate was 18 percent, with 87 percent identifying as DCPs and 13 percent as educators. Across professions, 85 percent of DCPs reported SFL influencing their practice to some degree, with variance among profession type and experience. DCPs most commonly reported that SFL led them to improve how they conduct oral health activities, with 60 percent performing the activity more skillfully following completion of SFL. Fluoride varnish application was the most common practice behavior initiated, and caries risk assessments was the oral health activity affected to the greatest degree. A majority of educators (94 percent) reported that SFL led them to incorporate or enhance oral health in their teaching. SFL helped educators emphasize the importance of oral health, improved their ability to teach content, raised motivation, and reduced barriers to teaching oral health.ConclusionsData supports that SFL is positively influencing oral health practice across professions, especially in areas of caries risk assessment and fluoride varnish application. SFL improves the frequency and quality with which DCPs and educators participate in oral health activities, and facilitates oral health inclusion in primary care.
On the depths and shapes of the freshest kilometer‐scale simple craters on the lunar maria: A new crater shape model
Authors: Chappelow J. E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRecent work on the shapes of small, simple impact craters on the Moon has shown that the parabolic ideal does not well represent the vast majority of these craters. They are hyperbolic in shape and usually resemble a cone more than a parabola. A parabolic shape also does not fit the most commonly held archetype for simple craters in general (Linné), which is also hyperbolic. In addition, Linné itself may not be the best model for fresh simple craters, in terms of cross‐sectional shape, although shape data to compare it to have heretofore been lacking. Here, the “free shadowfront method” for determining the shapes of simple craters is used to measure 64 fresh simple craters on five lunar maria to test both assumptions. Laser altimetry cross sections, available for many of the craters measured herein, are used to complement and spot‐check the shadow measurement results, and thereby demonstrate the efficacy of the free shadowfront method. A new shape model is established, and two craters that better fit this model than Linné are identified. These are located at 24.45° N/328.12° E and 31.35° N/296.46° E and have diameters of 1.40 and 2.73 km, respectively. An apparent dichotomy between fresh simple craters smaller than 2.5 km and those larger than this is observed. Flat floors are found to be ubiquitous among the larger craters, but rare and small in extent in smaller ones. A slide in one crater which appears to be an incipient flat floor suggests a major mode of formation for these flat floors.
Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis of the G37V‐ superoxide dismutase 1 mutation with a slow disease progression
Authors: Tadokoro Koh , Ohta Yasuyuki , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Yamashita Toru , Sato Kota , Takemoto Mami , Hishikawa Nozomi , Abe Koji 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe majority of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients have the sporadic form, but 5–10% of those have familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A total of 15–20% of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients have genetic mutations in the superoxide dismutase 1 gene. In 2012, Kobayashi et al. reported the first case of a familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient carrying a G37V superoxide dismutase 1 mutation, who showed rapid progression and died within 1.2 years of onset from respiratory failure. In contrast, here we report the second case of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis carrying the G37V superoxide dismutase 1 mutation, showing a very slow progression, and his father and aunt also had longer disease durations from 4 to 6 years. Further clinical and biological studies will clarify the detailed pathological role of the G37V superoxide dismutase 1 mutation for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Outcomes of a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis for medication errors in pediatric anesthesia
Authors: Martin Lizabeth D. , Grigg Eliot B. , Verma Shilpa , Latham Gregory J. , Rampersad Sally E. , Martin Lynn D. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe Institute of Medicine has called for development of strategies to prevent medication errors, which are one important cause of preventable harm. Although the field of anesthesiology is considered a leader in patient safety, recent data suggest high medication error rates in anesthesia practice. Unfortunately, few error prevention strategies for anesthesia providers have been implemented. Using Toyota Production System quality improvement methodology, a multidisciplinary team observed 133 h of medication practice in the operating room at a tertiary care freestanding children's hospital. A failure mode and effects analysis was conducted to systematically deconstruct and evaluate each medication handling process step and score possible failure modes to quantify areas of risk. A bundle of five targeted countermeasures were identified and implemented over 12 months. Improvements in syringe labeling (73 to 96%), standardization of medication organization in the anesthesia workspace (0 to 100%), and two‐provider infusion checks (23 to 59%) were observed. Medication error reporting improved during the project and was subsequently maintained. After intervention, the median medication error rate decreased from 1.56 to 0.95 per 1000 anesthetics. The frequency of medication error harm events reaching the patient also decreased. Systematic evaluation and standardization of medication handling processes by anesthesia providers in the operating room can decrease medication errors and improve patient safety.