bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐Phase Segmentation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Materials Using Lab Based X‐ray Nano‐Computed Tomography
Authors: Heenan T. M. M. , Bailey J. J. , Lu X. , Robinson J. B. , Iacoviello F. , Finegan D. P. , Brett D. J. L. , Shearing P. R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTriple‐phase boundaries are an important microstructural metric to assess the performance and durability of solid oxide fuel cell electrodes and are known to significantly influence the performance at cell level. In recent years many advancements have been made in the quantification of TPBs including the use of focused ion beam scanning electron microscopes and synchrotron X‐ray tomography, although neither technique comes without limitation; the former being destructive and the latter having limited availability. This work demonstrates the first example of the application of lab‐based X‐ray nano‐CT for non‐destructive, microstructural characterization of a SOFC electrode, where three‐phase segmentation has been achieved. A SOFC anode cermet consisting of nickel and yttria‐stabilized zirconia was imaged under X‐ray using two fields of view: 64 µm × 64 µm and 16 µm × 16 µm, with compositional data displayed for several samples at the two resolutions. This work highlights the possibility of three‐phase segmentation using lab‐based equipment allowing non‐destructive quantification and mapping of triple‐phase boundaries without the need for synchrotron radiation.
Fe3+/− dual doped nano hydroxyapatite: A novel material for biomedical applications
Authors: Alshemary Ammar Z. , Engin Pazarceviren Ahmet , Tezcaner Aysen , Evis Zafer 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDual ions substituted hydroxyapatite (HA) received attention from scientists and researchers in the biomedical field owing to their excellent biological properties. This paper presents a novel biomaterial, which holds potential for bone tissue applications. Herein, we have successfully incorporated ferric (Fe3+)/selenate (
) ions into the HA structure (Ca10‐x‐yFey(PO4)6‐x(SeO4)x(OH)2‐x‐yOy) (Fe‐SeHA) through a microwave refluxing process. The Fe‐SeHA materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). XRD and FTIR analyses revealed that Fe‐SeHA samples were phase pure at 900°C. FESEM images showed that formation of rod‐like shaped particles was inhibited dramatically with increasing Fe3+ amount. The Vickers hardness (HV) test showed that hardness values increased with increasing Fe3+ concentrations. Optical spectra of Fe‐SeHA materials contained broadband over (200–600) nm. In vitro degradation and bioactivity tests were conducted in simulated body fluid (SBF). The incorporation of Fe3+/
ions into the HA structure resulted in a remarkably higher degradation rate along with intense growth of apatite granules on the surface of the Fe‐SeHA discs with Ca/P ratio of 1.35–1.47. In vitro protein adsorption assay was conducted in fetal bovine serum (FBS) and it was observed that the adsorption of serum proteins on Fe‐SeHA samples significantly increased with increasing Fe3+ concentration. In vitro cytotoxicity tests were performed with human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cell line and the results demonstrated that hFOB cells attached and proliferated faster on the Fe‐SeHA materials compared to pure HA showing that Fe‐SeHA materials were cytocompatible. ALP activity and intracellular calcium of hFOB cells on 1Fe‐SeHA discs were statistically higher than pure HA, suggesting that presence of Fe3+ ion supported osteogenic differentiation of hFOB cells. Our results suggest that 1Fe‐SeHA (0.2M Fe3+/0.5M
co‐doped HA) material could be considered as a promising candidate material for orthopedic applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 340–352, 2018.
Structural analysis of fluorine‐containing bioactive glass nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel route assisted by ultrasound energy
Authors: Lins Carolina E. C. , Oliveira Agda A. R. , Gonzalez Ismael , Macedo Waldemar A. A. , Pereira Marivalda M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn the last decades, studies about the specific effects of bioactive glass on remineralization of dentin were the focus of attention, due to their excellent regenerative properties in mineralized tissues. The incorporation of Fluorine in bioactive glass nanoparticles may result in the formation of fluorapatite (FAP), which is chemically more stable than hydroxyapatite or carbonated hydroxyapatite, and therefore is of interest for dental applications. The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize a new system of Fluorine‐containing bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGNPF). A sol‐gel route assisted by ultrasound was used for the synthesis of BGNPF. The particles obtained were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), nitrogen adsorption, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). SEM micrographs showed that the particles are quite uniform spherical nanostructures, occurring agglomeration or partial sinterization of the particulate system after heat treatment. XRD and XPS analysis results suggest the formation of fluorapatite crystals embedded within the matrix of the bioactive glass nanoparticles. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 360–366, 2018.
Relationship between aging and T1 relaxation time in deep gray matter: A voxel‐based analysis
Authors: Okubo Gosuke , Okada Tomohisa , Yamamoto Akira , Fushimi Yasutaka , Okada Tsutomu , Murata Katsutoshi , Togashi Kaori 
Published: February 2017

PurposeTo investigate age‐related changes in T1 relaxation time in deep gray matter structures in healthy volunteers using magnetization‐prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echoes (MP2RAGE).Materials and MethodsIn all, 70 healthy volunteers (aged 20–76, mean age 42.6 years) were scanned at 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A MP2RAGE sequence was employed to quantify T1 relaxation times. After the spatial normalization of T1 maps with the diffeomorphic anatomical registration using the exponentiated Lie algebra algorithm, voxel‐based regression analysis was conducted. In addition, linear and quadratic regression analyses of regions of interest (ROIs) were also performed.ResultsWith aging, voxel‐based analysis (VBA) revealed significant T1 value decreases in the ventral‐inferior putamen, nucleus accumbens, and amygdala, whereas T1 values significantly increased in the thalamus and white matter as well (P < 0.05 at cluster level, false discovery rate). ROI analysis revealed that T1 values in the nucleus accumbens linearly decreased with aging (P = 0.0016), supporting the VBA result. T1 values in the thalamus (P < 0.0001), substantia nigra (P = 0.0003), and globus pallidus (P < 0.0001) had a best fit to quadratic curves, with the minimum T1 values observed between 30 and 50 years of age.ConclusionAge‐related changes in T1 relaxation time vary by location in deep gray matter.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:724–731
BOLD‐fMRI with median nerve electrical stimulation predict hemodynamic improvement after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease
Authors: Qiao Peng‐Gang , Han Cong , Qian Tianyi , Li Gong‐Jie , Yin Hong 
Published: February 2017

PurposeTo assess the severity of cerebral hemodynamic impairment and hemodynamic improvements, after revascularization in moyamoya disease (MMD) by means of blood‐oxygen‐level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD‐fMRI).Materials and MethodsBOLD‐fMRI with median nerve electrical stimulation based on echo planar imaging was performed in 73 volunteers with MMD and 15 healthy volunteers using a 3.0 Tesla MRI scanner. Twenty‐four MMD patients were reexamined after encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis. Time‐signal intensity curves of the activated area of the contralateral primary somatosensory cortex were computed. Negative response time (Tnr) and peak (Pnr), positive response time (Tpr) and peak (Ppr), and time to negative peak (TTPn) and positive peak (TTPp) were measured.ResultsCompared with nonparesthesia group and the asymptomatic side of paresthesia group, the patients with paresthesia showed extended Tnr (22.04 ± 3.34 s versus 9.57 ± 2.27 s and 12.67 ± 2.69 s, P = 0.0096), decreased Pnr (–0.47 ± 0.06 versus –0.30 ± 0.09 and –0.33 ± 0.09, P = 0.010), delayed TTPn (9.04 ± 1.39 s versus 3.66 ± 0.79 s and 4.88 ± 1.10 s, P = 0.0064), shortened Tpr (22.75 ± 2.30 s versus 36.85 ± 2.68 s and 33 ± 2.49 s, P = 0.0010), and decreased Ppr (0.62 ± 0.08 versus 0.99 ± 0.15 and 0.97 ± 0.11, P = 0.0149) when subjected to median nerve electrical stimulation in the symptomatic side. After surgery, the patients with paresthesia showed shorter Tnr (1.53 ± 1.66 s versus 17.88 ± 22.61 s, P = 0.0002), increased Pnr (–0.14 ± 0.17 versus –0.44 ± 0.53, P = 0.0178), advanced TTPn (1.29 ± 1.21 s versus 7.29 ± 8.21 s, P = 0.0005), extended Tpr (36.94 ± 6.41 s versus 25.18 ± 15.51 s, P = 0.0091), increased Ppr (1.21 ± 0.87 versus 0.77 ± 0.60, P = 0.0201), and advanced TTPp (11.18 ± 4.70 s versus 27.29 ± 20.00 s, P = 0.0046).ConclusionBold‐fMRI is useful to assess disease severity and surgical efficacy in MMD.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 4J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1159–1166.
Assessment of segmental myocardial blood flow and myocardial perfusion reserve by adenosine‐stress myocardial arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging
Authors: Yoon Andrew J. , Do Hung Phi , Cen Steven , Fong Michael W. , Saremi Farhood , Barr Mark L. , Nayak Krishna S. 
Published: February 2017

PurposeTo determine the feasibility of measuring increases in myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) on a per‐segment basis using arterial spin labeled (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with adenosine vasodilator stress in normal human myocardium.Materials and MethodsMyocardial ASL scans at rest and during adenosine infusion were incorporated into a routine 3T MR adenosine‐induced vasodilator stress protocol and were performed in 10 healthy human volunteers. Myocardial ASL was performed using single‐gated flow‐sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) tagging and balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) imaging at 3T. A T2‐prep blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) SSFP sequence was used to concurrently assess segmental myocardial oxygenation with BOLD signal intensity (SI) percent change in the same subjects.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference between MBF measured by ASL at rest (1.75 ± 0.86 ml/g/min) compared to adenosine stress (4.58 ± 2.14 ml/g/min) for all wall segments (P < 0.0001), yielding a per‐segment MPR of 3.02 ± 1.51. When wall segments were divided into specific segmental myocardial perfusion territories (ie, anteroseptal, anterior, anterolateral, inferolateral, inferior, and inferoseptal), the differences between rest and stress regional MBF for each territory remained consistently statistically significant (P < 0.001) after correcting for multiple comparisons.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the feasibility of measuring MBF and MPR on a segmental basis by single‐gated cardiac ASL in normal volunteers. Second, this study demonstrates the feasibility of performing the ASL sequence and T2‐prepared SSFP BOLD imaging during a single adenosine infusion.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:413–420
Prediction of malignancy by a radiomic signature from contrast agent‐free diffusion MRI in suspicious breast lesions found on screening mammography.
Authors: Bickelhaupt Sebastian , Paech Daniel , Kickingereder Philipp , Steudle Franziska , Lederer Wolfgang , Daniel Heidi , Götz Michael , Gählert Nils , Tichy Diana , Wiesenfarth Manuel , Laun Frederik B. , Maier‐Hein Klaus H. , Schlemmer Heinz‐Peter , Bonekamp David 
Published: February 2017

PurposeTo assess radiomics as a tool to determine how well lesions found suspicious on breast cancer screening X‐ray mammography can be categorized into malignant and benign with unenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) mammography with diffusion‐weighted imaging and T2‐weighted sequences.Materials and MethodsFrom an asymptomatic screening cohort, 50 women with mammographically suspicious findings were examined with contrast‐enhanced breast MRI (ceMRI) at 1.5T. Out of this protocol an unenhanced, abbreviated diffusion‐weighted imaging protocol (ueMRI) including T2‐weighted, (T2w), diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), and DWI with background suppression (DWIBS) sequences and corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were extracted. From ueMRI‐derived radiomic features, three Lasso‐supervised machine‐learning classifiers were constructed and compared with the clinical performance of a highly experienced radiologist: 1) univariate mean ADC model, 2) unconstrained radiomic model, 3) constrained radiomic model with mandatory inclusion of mean ADC.ResultsThe unconstrained and constrained radiomic classifiers consisted of 11 parameters each and achieved differentiation of malignant from benign lesions with a .632 + bootstrap receiver operating characteristics (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 84.2%/85.1%, compared to 77.4% for mean ADC and 95.9%/95.9% for the experienced radiologist using ceMRI/ueMRI.ConclusionIn this pilot study we identified two ueMRI radiomics classifiers that performed well in the differentiation of malignant from benign lesions and achieved higher performance than the mean ADC parameter alone. Classification was lower than the almost perfect performance of a highly experienced breast radiologist. The potential of radiomics to provide a training‐independent diagnostic decision tool is indicated. A performance reaching the human expert would be highly desirable and based on our results is considered possible when the concept is extended in larger cohorts with further development and validation of the technique.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:604–616
Manual MRI morphometry in Parkinsonian syndromes
Authors: Möller Leona , Kassubek Jan , Südmeyer Martin , Hilker Rüdiger , Hattingen Elke , Egger Karl , Amtage Florian , Pinkhardt Elmar H. , Respondek Gesine , Stamelou Maria , Möller Franz , Schnitzler Alfons , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Knake Susanne , Huppertz Hans‐Jürgen , Höglinger Günter U. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTBackground: Several morphometric magnetic resonance imaging parameters may serve for differential diagnosis of parkinsonism. The objective of this study was to identify which performs best in clinical routine.Methods: We acquired multicentric magnetization‐prepared rapid gradient echo sequences in patients with Parkinson's disease (n=204), progressive supranuclear palsy (n=106), multiple system atrophy‐cerebellar, (n = 21); multiple system atrophy‐parkinsonian (n = 60), and healthy controls (n = 73), performed manual planimetric measurements, and calculated receiver operator characteristics with leave‐one‐out cross‐validation to propose cutoff values.Results: The midsagittal midbrain area was reduced in PSP versus all other groups (P < 0.001). The midsagittal pons area was reduced in MSA‐cerebellar, MSA‐parkinsonian, and PSP versus PD patients and healthy controls (P < 0.001). The midbrain/pons area ratio was lower in PSP (P < 0.001) and higher in MSA‐cerebellar and MSA‐parkinsonian versus PD and PSP (P < 0.001).Conclusions: The midsagittal midbrain area most reliably identified PSP, the midsagittal pons area MSA‐cerebellar. The midbrain/pons area ratio differentiated MSA‐cerebellar and PSP better than the magnetic resonance‐Parkinson index. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Perinatal outcome of placental massive perivillous fibrin deposition: a case–control study
Authors: Devisme Louise , Chauvière Claire , Franquet‐Ansart Hélène , Chudzinski Anastasia , Stichelbout Morgane , Houfflin‐Debarge Véronique , Subtil Damien 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe objectives of the study are to describe the obstetric outcomes associated with massive perivillous fibrin deposition (MFD) compared with a control series and to determine if outcome differs according to the extent of fibrin deposition.MethodRetrospective case–control study based on placentas analyzed over a consecutive 12‐year period. MFD was considered severe if it extended over more than 50% of the placenta and moderate between 25% and 50%.ResultsDuring the study period, MFD was observed on 71 placentas, 39 severe and 32 moderate. Compared with the 142 control women, the 39 women with severe MFD more often had histories of autoimmune disease and intrauterine fetal death. The case women with MFD were associated with elevated levels of maternal alpha‐fetoprotein and with a high risk of severe growth restriction and/or intrauterine death. Compared with the infants with moderate MFD, those with severe MFD had also more abnormal umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry findings and more often intrauterine deaths and lower birthweights.ConclusionRegardless of their extent, MFD that covered at least 25% of the placenta was almost always accompanied by severe growth restriction and by a high risk of intrauterine fetal death. Moreover, severe MFD tend to be associated with autoimmune diseases of the mothers, and pregnancies show more often a pathologic Doppler of the umbilical arteries and more often intrauterine fetal death that the moderate form. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perceived barriers that prevent high school students seeking help from teachers for bullying and their effects on disclosure intentions
Authors: Boulton Michael J. , Boulton Louise , Down James , Sanders Jessica , Craddock Helen 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTMany adolescents choose not to tell teachers when they have been bullied. Three studies with 12–16 year‐old English adolescents addressed possible reasons. In study 1, students (N = 411, 208 females/203 males) identified reasons with no prompting. Three perceived negative outcomes were common; peers would disapprove, disclosers would feel weak/undermined, and disclosers desired autonomy. In study 2, students (N = 297, 153 females/134 males/10 unspecified) indicated how much they believed that the perceived negative outcomes would happen to them, and a substantial proportion did so. Perceived negative outcomes significantly predicted intentions to disclose being bullied. Study 3 (N = 231, 100 females/131 males) tested if the perceived negative outcomes would be strong enough to stop participants from telling a teacher even though the teacher would stop the bullying. This was the case for many of them. Participants did not report disliking peers who disclosed bullying. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Prognosis biomarkers evaluation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Gomes Lorena Caixeta , Evangelista Fernanda Cristina Gontijo , de Sousa Lirlândia Pires , Araujo Sergio Schusterschitz da Silva , das Graças Carvalho Maria , Sabino Adriano de Paula 
Published: February 2017

Objective/Background:
From clinical and biological points of view, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by a progressive accumulation of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid organs. New prognostic markers in CLL may be useful to clinicians for predicting outcome and in clinical decision-making. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential prognostic value of the apoptotic/survival- controlling proteins and protein tyrosine kinase ZAP-70 gene expression in CLL patients and control individuals, correlating such findings with patients’ clinical data.

Methods:
Fifty-three patients diagnosed with CLL attending the hematology service of a clinical hospital, and 24 healthy individuals with no history of leukemia (Control group) were enrolled in this study. Analyses of apoptotic/survival-controlling proteins were performed by western blot and ZAP-70 gene expression was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
Significant differences were observed for the p-p38, Mcl-1 long, and Mcl-1 short proteins when patients were compared with CLL and controls. A positive correlation between the results for Mcl-1 short and Mcl-1 long and lymphocyte count was observed, corroborating the hypothesis of an imbalance between proteins of cell survival pathways/ apoptosis in CLL.

Conclusion:
ZAP-70 gene expression was not detected as a discriminant biomarker in these CLL patients. An imbalance between apoptosis-related proteins was observed in the present study, corroborating the hypothesis of increased survival of lymphocytes in CLL patients.
The effect of the Rana Plaza disaster on shareholder wealth of retailers: Implications for sourcing strategies and supply chain governance⋆
Authors: Jacobs Brian W. , Singhal Vinod R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSupply chain and reputational risks are often assumed to motivate firms to source production in developed, high‐cost countries rather than developing, low‐cost countries. To examine this assumption, we provide evidence from the collapse of the Rana Plaza building on April 24, 2013, which with its 1133 fatalities and 2438 injuries is seen as one of the worst industrial accidents in history. Do markets reactive negatively enough to such events to motivate firms to shift their sourcing strategy? We analyze the stock market reaction to the Rana Plaza disaster in the Bangladeshi ready‐made garment industry to address this question. Our analysis is based on a sample of 39 publicly traded global apparel retailers with significant garment sourcing in Bangladesh. Stock market reaction to retailers on the day of the Rana Plaza disaster is negative, but its magnitude and significance dissipate by the following day. We find no evidence of significant stock market reaction during the 11 trading days (approximately two weeks in calendar time) following the disaster. Retailers responded to the disaster by developing two different agreements to improve factory and worker safety in Bangladesh – the Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh (AFBSB), and the Alliance for Bangladesh Worker Safety (ABWS). We find no evidence of significant stock market reaction to the announcements of the AFBSB and the ABWS. The insignificant negative economic impact from the Rana Plaza disaster suggests that retailers have little economic incentive to move sourcing out of Bangladesh or other low‐cost countries so as to reduce the risk of being involved in such events. We discuss the implications of our results for retailers, non‐governmental organizations (NGOs), garment factory owners in Bangladesh, the Bangladeshi government, and academic researchers.
Strategies for Combating Opioid‐Induced Constipation: Targeted Mechanisms to Maintain Pain Control Without Compromise
Authors: Brennan Michael J. , Stanos Steven P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOpioid‐induced constipation (OIC) is a common side effect of opioid use and can occur from the outset of opioid therapy (Online access: http://courses.elseviercme.com/aapmr2016/638e). OIC has been reported to interfere with pain management, increase health care costs, decrease work productivity and daily activities, and significantly affect patient quality of life. It can also lead to bowel obstruction. Assessing and managing OIC is important for establishing maximum function for patients. Several pharmacologic approaches, with different mechanisms of action, are available or in development.
Asymptotic behavior of solutions of a semilinear heat equation with subcritical nonlinearity
Authors: Kawanago Tadashi 
Published: February 2017

We consider the Cauchy problem for

u_t = Δu + u^p

with

1 + 2/N < p

and

(N − 2)p < N + 2

. We give a complete description of the asymptotic behavior of the positive solution.

Résumé

Nous considérons le problème de Cauchy pour

u_t = Δu + u^p

avec

1 + 2/N < p

et

(N − 2)p < N + 2

. On donne une description complète de comportement asymptotique de la solution positive.