bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Transition and Modernization of Eurasian Countries
Authors: Sun Zhuangzhi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Unlike political and economic transitions, the social transition of Eurasian countries exhibits a certain degree of passivity. Eurasian countries prioritize solving political and economic issues, with strict control over social aspects leading to a relatively delayed modernization of the social sector. The market-oriented economic transitions have resulted in a disparity in wealth among the populace, and political transformation has generated various conflicts and social divisions, which pose significant challenges to the simultaneously initiated social transformation. Currently, some Eurasian countries are still undergoing systemic reforms aimed at modernization, implemented as a long-term national strategy. The progress and prospects of these reforms depend on the interplay of multiple factors, and their future trajectory warrants continuous attention. The modernization of Eurasian countries is destined to follow a development path different from that of other countries, determined by their unique cultural traditions, social structures, and specific national conditions. Meanwhile, the social changes over more than 30 years of independence have profoundly altered the cultural and social characteristics of Eurasian countries. While preserving traditions, they need to incorporate valuable experiences from the modernization of other countries and seek development paths best suited to their own contexts.
Production of sustainable concrete with treated cement kiln dust and iron slag waste aggregate
Authors: Abd Fatimah K. , Khalil Wasan I. , Jaber Ali A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Blast furnaces create iron and steel from pig iron, which in turn produces iron slag. Iron ore is the primary raw material for these transformations. Slag aggregate, a byproduct of the iron and steel industry, is a sustainable building material. In order to produce more environmentally friendly and cost-effective concrete, this study evaluated the effect of inclusion of two waste materials in concrete including, 10% treated cement kiln dust (TCKD) as cement weight replacement with different volumetric contents (15, 25, and 35%) of iron slag coarse aggregate (ISCA) as a replacement to natural coarse aggregate. Microstructure, static modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, water absorption, and workability were among the many concrete qualities studied. There was an improvement in oven-dry, splitting tensile, flexural, compressive, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and static modulus of elasticity as ISCA content rose, as shown in the results. Increasing the ISCA concentration reduces thermal conductivity. Depending of the ISCA content, increasing the compressive strength by 1.43–12.4% and the splitting tensile strength by 0.4–5.34% were both possible. There was an additional increase of 1.3–9.15% in flexural strength. From the experimental results, it can be observed that innovative and potent method for producing structural sustainable concrete is provided in this study by inclusion of two waste materials, including TCKD and ISCA. The sustainable concrete produced has high strength and low thermal conductivity relative to concrete not containing these waste materials, which can be used in different construction projects. Moreover, the use of these waste materials in concrete has a benefit of reducing the environmental pollution. All the above-mentioned results conforms the goal of this study.
Characterizing sliding wear behavior of A1100/AlFe (p) composites produced via repeated fold-forging and annealing
Authors: Tseng Yu-Fong , Liu Chao-Hwa , Lin Ching-Bin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aluminum matrix/aluminum-iron intermetallic composite materials pose challenges in plastic processing due to the susceptibility of hard intermetallic compound particles to fracture. This study introduces a novel fabrication method involving pure iron mesh, hot-dip aluminum plating, and solidification. Through ten consecutive folding, forging, and intermediate annealing cycles, aluminum matrix and iron undergo diffusion, leading to the formation of Fe2Al5 and FeAl3 interface reaction layers, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Subsequent forging cycles cause the breakage or detachment of Fe2Al5 and FeAl3 particles from the interface, resulting in the formation of large-sized Fe2Al5 and small-sized Fe2Al5 intermetallic particles. FeAl3 intermetallic particles are observed via microscopic examination. These particles can be uniformly dispersed within the aluminum matrix through plastic flow, enabling the successful fabrication of A1100/Fe2Al5 and AlFe3 composite sheets. Furthermore, the study investigates the impact of intermetallic compound content, sliding speed, and forward load on the dry sliding wear of A1100/FeAl composites. It is found that Fe2Al5 and AlFe3 intermetallic compound particles effectively mitigate adhesive wear, plowing, and oxidative wear of the composites. With an AlFe intermetallic compound content of 4.3 wt.%, the volume wear rate remains low under conditions corresponding to PV = 56.652 (equivalent to a normal load of 19.6 kPa and a sliding speed of 2.87 m s−1).
Ta11Pt4 − a new coloring variant of the σ-phase
Authors: Baldauf Jasper Arne , Kösters Jutta , Janka Oliver , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Well-shaped single crystals of Ta11Pt4 formed through crucible attack during phase analytical studies in the Ca–Pt–Zn system. Phase-pure Ta11Pt4 was subsequently obtained from the pure elements by arc-melting. The crystal structure of Ta11Pt4 was refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: P42/mnm, a = 992.94(8), c = 516.59(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0672, 576 F
2 values and 27 variables. Ta11Pt4 is a new coloring variant in the large family of sigma phase compounds. Of the five crystallographically independent sites, four are occupied by tantalum and the fifth one by platinum in a fully ordered manner. The platinum atoms have distorted icosahedral coordination by 11 tantalum and 1 platinum atom. Two of these Ta@Ta11Pt icosahedra are condensed by interpenetration forming a Pt2 pair with 275 pm Pt–Pt distance. These double-icosahedra are the monomeric building unit of the Ta11Pt4 structure and further condense via common edges to a three-dimensional dense sphere packing. The Ta–Ta distances cover a broader range from 256 to 329 pm, comparable to the structure of bcc tantalum. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility studies indicate Pauli paramagnetism.
Hereditary and clinical insights into paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma
Authors: Mauer Hall Caitlin B , Watson Elise M , Prasad Tanushree , Myers Chandler L , Mersch Jacqueline A 
Published: September 2024

Background
Approximately 30–40% of paragangliomas (PGLs) and pheochromocytomas (PCCs) harbor an underlying hereditary cause. Early identification of at-risk individuals is imperative given the early onset, aggressiveness of tumors, and other tumor/cancer risks associated with hereditary PGLs/PCCs. This study analyzes the clinical presentations and genetic histories of patients with PGL/PCC and/or hereditary risk to contribute to the expanding knowledge in this rare population.

Methods
A retrospective chart review identified two cohorts of patients seen in cancer genetics clinics at an academic medical center and a safety-net hospital between August 2016 and December 2022. Cohort 1 consisted of patients with likely pathogenic variants (LPVs)/pathogenic variants (PVs) in hereditary PGL/PCC predisposition genes. Cohort 2 consisted of patients with a personal history of a PGL/PCC. Demographics, personal/family history, and genetic testing outcomes were analyzed.

Results
A total of 560 patients met the study criteria (Cohort 1, n = 364; Cohort 2, n = 269). In Cohort 1, 77 (21.1%) patients had an incidental LPV/PV in a PGL/PCC gene. Nearly half (n = 36, 46.8%) were in SDHx genes, with a majority in SDHA (n = 21). In Cohort 2, 86 patients tested positive for 87 LPV/PV in a hereditary cancer predisposition gene. The SDHx genes were most likely to have an LPV/PV identified (SDHB n = 24, SDHD n = 23).

Conclusions
Multigene panels identify patients at risk for hereditary PGL/PCC, many of whom are incidentally found. While SDHA LPV/PVs were the most frequent incidental finding, they were less common in patients with PGL/PCC, indicating the need for longitudinal studies to better understand the prevalence and penetrance of these tumors.
Factores edafoclimáticos y productividad de tres variedades de mango (Mangifera indica L) en Veracruz, México
Authors: Zamudio Galo Misael , Serna Lagunes Ricardo , Andrés Meza Pablo , Galindo Tovar María Elena , Del Rosario Arellano José Luis , Cruz-Castillo Juan Guillermo 
Published: September 2024

Diversos factores edafoclimáticos influyen en la productividad del mango (dendrometría, floración y fructificación). El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los factores edafoclimáticos que influyen en la productividad de 3 variedades de mango (Keitt, Ataulfo y Manila) en la Cuenca del Papaloapan, Veracruz, México. Se realizaron mediciones dendrométricas de árboles de 3 variedades de mango en 15 huertas (n= 5 huertas por variedad) y se adquirieron los valores de 33 variables edafoclimáticas utilizando sistemas de información geográfica; posteriormente, se aplicó un análisis de comparación con las variables dendrométricas y edafoclimáticas. La variedad Manila sobresalió en términos dendrométricos como respuesta a condiciones edafoclimáticas idóneas para su desarrollo fisiológico. Sin embargo, las 3 variedades se desarrollaron bajo valores edafoclimáticos singulares a los que ya se encuentran adaptados; Keitt y Manila fueron los de mayor productividad.
A pilot study on comparative analysis of minimum inhibitory concentration and mutant prevention concentration of conjunctival bacterial isolates against fluoroquinolones
Authors: Meena Lakshmipathy , Selvi Krishnan , Kavitha A. V. , Anand Sunderesan , Parthasarathy Durgadevi 
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to compare the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Mutant Prevention Concentration (MPC) of fluoroquinolones, including ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and gatifloxacin, against and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CONS) isolated from conjunctival swabs.25 isolates of spp., obtained from conjunctival swabs submitted to the Department of Microbiology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, were included in this study. The identification and confirmation of spp. were performed using standard microbiological techniques. The MIC and MPC were determined using the agar dilution method, following protocols from previous studies. The MIC, MIC, MPC, and MPC values for the above three fluoroquinolones were calculated and analysed.Out of all 25 isolates, 20 were CONS and 5 were . In our study, gatifloxacin had least MIC and MPC values when compared to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. of gatifloxacin had lower MPCand MPC values in comparison to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Our study shows that Gatifloxacin had least MIC and MPC values when compared to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Besides, MPC of ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin showed wider range of distribution than the MIC.Gatifloxacin demonstrated effective inhibition of resistant mutant strains at lower concentrations compared to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Additionally, future studies with a larger number of isolates, incorporating pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, will provide essential information on therapeutic outcomes and resistance prevention.
KONSEP DIVERSI DALAM PENYELESAIAN PERKARA PIDANA ANAK
Authors: Jalilah Nisfawati Laili 
Published: September 2024

Perlindungan anak adalah segala kegiatan untuk menjamin dan melindungi anak dan hak-haknya agar dapat hidup, tumbuh, berkembang, dan berpartisipasi secara optimal sesuai dengan harkat dan martabat kemanusiaan, serta mendapat perlindungan dari kekerasan dan diskriminasi. Terkait dengan hal tersebut, dalam menyelesaikan perkara pidana anak, maka dalam Undang-undang Peradilan Pidana Anak (UUPPA) menegaskan bahwa harus digunakan konsep Restorativ Justice atau Diversi, yaitu Yaitu pengalihan atau pemindahan dari proses peradilan ke dalam proses alternative penyelesaian perkara, yakni melalui musyawarah atau mediasi.Adapun yang menjadi tujuan upaya diversi adalah untuk menghindari anak dari penahanan, menghindari cap/label anak sebagai penjahat, mencegah pengulangan tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak, agar anak bertanggung jawab atas perbuatannya, melakukan intervensi-intervensi yang diperlukan bagi korban dan anak tanpa harus melalui proses formal Menghindari anak mengikuti proses sistem peradilan,dan menjauhkan anak dari pengaruh dan implikasi negatif dari proses peradilan.
Pelaksanaan atau penerapan diversi dalam sistem peradilan pidana anak dilakukan pada tingkat penyidikan, penuntutan dan pemeriksaan perkara di pengadilan negeri. Proses diversi dilakukan melalui musyawarah dengan melibatkan anak dan orang tua/walinya, pembimbing kemasyarakatan dan pekerja sosial profesional berdasarkan pendekatan keadilan restorative. Hasil kesepakatan Diversi dapat berbentuk, antara lain; perdamaian dengan atau tanpa ganti kerugian, pengembalian kerugian dalam hal ada korban, rehabilitasi medis dan psikososial, keikutsertaan dalam pendidikan atau pelatihan di lembaga pendidikan atau LPKS paling lama 3 (tiga) bulan; atau pelayanan masyarakat paling lama 3 (tiga) bulan.
Theological Values in Inter-religious Relation Verses : A Study on Tafsir Marah Labid
Authors: Ainul Yaqin Muhammad , Saiful Mujab Muhammad 
Published: September 2024

<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">Building interreligious relations was often viewed merely from social perspectives. It actually contains theological values. This research attempts to analyze the theological values in the tolerance and interreligious relation verses of the Qur’an that are interpreted by Syaikh Nawawi Al-Bantani. This descriptive-analytical study employs thematic methods by Al-Farmawi. The collected data are then analyzed in terms of its theological aspect. Marah Al-Labid is chosen for it’s written by an Indonesian scholar connecting classic and modern era. In addition, Marah Al-Labid is of Sufistic tafsir. Therefore, it is interesting to know how an Indonesian scholar viewed interreligious relation and its spiritual and theological values in the context of Indonesia. It can be concluded that having interreligious relation is lawful. Muslims are allowed to have social relation with Ahlul kitab or the people of books such as to get marry with them, to eat the meat of the animals they (Jews and Christians) slaughtered, and to have debate and discussion with them in the best way.</span></p><p class="07KatakunciKeywords"> </p>
Modeling the dynamics of social preparedness with regional interactions to explore efficient flood early warning systems
Authors: Kotani Hitomu , Ogawa Wataru , Matsushima Kakuya , Susaki Junichi , Sawada Yohei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Flood early warning systems (FEWS) are essential in mitigating flood damage. To optimize their effectiveness, it is important to understand how people respond to warnings and prepare for flooding events. The key factors influencing social preparedness include (1) direct and (2) indirect experiences of floods and (3) trust in warnings. However, existing socio-hydrological models do not incorporate all these elements. To include these elements for social preparedness, we propose an idealized model that allows multiple regions to influence one another (i.e., regional interactions). We investigate the dynamics of social preparedness in a society composed of regions with varying infrastructure levels (e.g., levee heights) and explore strategies for developing a socially efficient FEWS. Numerical analyses reveal that in a society that has a region characterized by a low infrastructure level (i.e., a region with frequent floods), regional interactions lead to a pronounced cry wolf effect due to false alarms from other regions, diminishing social preparedness in the low-infrastructure region. These interactions also prevent a warning strategy that optimizes the natural science-based index (i.e., threat score) from maximizing social efficiency. Conversely, in a society that has a region characterized by a high infrastructure level (i.e., a region with infrequent floods), regional interactions enhance the efficiency of FEWS by improving social preparedness through indirect experiences with floods. These findings suggest that as regional heterogeneity increases, it becomes increasingly vital for forecasters to consider social aspects (e.g., people's experiences, trust, and interactions) when establishing a socially efficient FEWS. The refined model will be valuable to forecasters in designing effective FEWS in real-world situations.
A sinusoidal twin boundary harmonizes with the elastic anisotropy of quartz
Authors: Barbee Olivia , Pankhurst Matthew , Bachmann Florian , Oddershede Jette , Sun Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Minerals are crystalline solids manifesting various symmetries in their ordered structures despite high-energy defects seated in their atomic templates. Twin boundaries are imperfections affording energy reduction through reflection, rotation, or inversion of the crystal lattice, forming symmetrical intergrowths. Quartz is one of many minerals that twins as a rule, yet its most common twin is rarely seen without destructive analysis. Disguised as one crystal, this penetrative twin abides by the Dauphiné Law, appearing in 2D as patchworks of irregular domains to roughly triangular sectors. The physical basis for such diverse morphologies remains inconclusive. However, because twins are related by a rotational symmetry that disrupts quartz’s piezoelectric property, their enigma and ubiquity have plagued quartz’s profound technological role in society for over a century. Here we noninvasively map twins and find their boundaries ideally manifest as a 3D waveform oscillating in harmony with α-quartz’s elastic anisotropy. While maximizing elastic strain energy, the sinusoid minimizes internal energy by equipoising twins’ softer and stiffer parts that are transposed in r- and z-rhombohedra, such that oscillations correspond to the threefold c-axis symmetry mirrored in Young’s modulus. This helps explain twin diversity and invites new appraisals of quartz’s microstructural behavior from geological and engineering perspectives.
Leveraging Deep Learning for Respiratory Sound Analysis in Anomalies and Disease Detection
Authors: Kang Chew Min , Shanmugam Anandan , Faye Ibrahima , Nugroho Hermawan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Respiratory diseases are a major global health concern. Traditional diagnosis often relies on stethoscopes, a method known as auscultation. However, this approach can be subjective and vary depending on a doctor's experience. Our research addresses this limitation by proposing objective, deep learning-based models for analysing respiratory sounds. These models can be integrated into a telemedicine framework, enabling remote examination and analysis of respiratory sounds for both anomaly detection and disease diagnosis. This offers significant advantages in terms of accessibility and potential for early intervention. Our work introduces two distinct models. The first one is a CNN-LSTM model for anomaly classification. This model combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for capturing spatial features and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for analysing temporal patterns within respiratory sounds. It allows for the identification of anomalies like wheezes and crackles. The second model is a multi-feature CNN model for disease detection. This model utilizes a multi-feature CNN architecture to classify respiratory sounds into various disease categories. It extracts multiple features from the audio data (MFCCs, Chroma, Mel Spectrogram) to achieve accurate disease detection. Both models were trained and evaluated using the benchmark ICBHI dataset. Our results are promising, surpassing existing methods in terms of ICBHI scores. Specifically, the CNN-LSTM model achieved a score of 0.83, while the Multi-feature CNN achieved an impressive score of 0.93.
Newborn Genomic Screening Detects Chromosomal Aneuploidies
Authors: wang xiaohua , Hou Dongxia , Sun Meng , Xiang Jiale , Zhu Bo , Chen Ting , Tan Minyi , Zhang Yinhong , Yin Yifan , Jia Liyun , Liu Xiulian , Huang Cidan , Feng Jizhen , Miao Jingkun , Zhu Baosheng , Huang Yonglan , Liu Aiju , Han Lianshu , Zou Hui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology is increasingly used in newborn screening (NBS) to detect monogenic disorders. However, its capability to identify chromosomal aneuploidies and its potential clinical value have not been fully explored. This study investigates the feasibility of using an NGS panel for aneuploidy screening and examines the incidence of aneuploidies in newborns. We designed an NBS panel targeting 142 genes associated with 128 disorders and conducted chromosomal copy number analysis on 29,601 newborns across eight hospitals in China. The presence of chromosomal aneuploidies was confirmed through karyotyping or genome sequencing, and follow-up visits were conducted to assess prenatal screening outcomes and postnatal phenotypes. Among the 29,601 newborns, 47 were identified with various aneuploidies. Further investigation confirmed 30 of these cases, yielding a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%. The estimated incidence of aneuploidies among live births was 0.16%, with significant regional discrepancies ranging from 0.04–0.23%. Sex chromosome aneuploidy (SCA) was the most prevalent at 0.15%, while trisomy 21 occurred at a lower rate of 0.01%. The NBS panel demonstrated potential effectiveness and accuracy in detecting chromosomal aneuploidies, suggesting it could play a valuable role in future genetic NBS clinical practice.
The trade-off between soil water recovery and nitrate leaching following the conversion of orchards to croplands in the tableland region of the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Tian Hanyang , Jin Mingjuan , Sohail Sidra , Ma Chenchen , Bai Chenyun , Qiao Jiangbo , Han Xiaoyang , Zhu Yuanjun , Shao Ming’an 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

A large-scale conversion of apple orchards into farmland has occurred in the tableland region of the Chinese Loess Plateau due to the aging of apple trees and the increase in pests and diseases. However, the impact of this conversion on soil desiccation recovery and soil nutrient transportation remains unclear, posing a new challenge for sustainable agricultural development in the region. This study aimed to investigate the effects of orchard-to-cropland conversion on deep soil water recharge and residual nitrate dynamics, as well as the key factors driving these changes. The results indicated that within 5 years, the conversion led to a rapid recharge of desiccated deep soil (6-9 m), followed by a stable and slow increase in subsequent years. The annual soil water recovery rate in the deep soil was as high as 5.90 mm·m-1·a-1. While, the increased water input also caused rapid leaching and accumulation of nitrate in the deep soil, with its peak depth increasing significantly from 3.4 m to 7.0 m over time (R2= 0.92). Soil water was identified as the key factor influencing nitrate leaching, with a correlation coefficient of 0.48 (P<0.05). In conclusion, orchard-to-cropland conversion effectively replenished the deep soil water in the short term but also accelerated soil nitrate leaching. Therefore, while large-scale conversion of orchards to farmland is undertaken, it is crucial to acknowledge the trade-off relationship involving the recharge of deep soil water and the subsequent increase in deep nitrogen leaching. The findings of this study hold significant implication for the management of water and nutrient resources after the conversion of orchards to farmland, highlighting the necessity to mitigate nitrogen leaching while soil water is being restored.