bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Structural Complexity of Lithium Organozinc Alkoxo Clusters and their Applications to Enantioselective Michael Addition Reactions
Authors: Dell'Aera Marzia , Maria Perna Filippo , Vitale Paola , Altomare Angela , Hevia Eva , Capriati Vito 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe report three novel lithium zincate alkoxo clusters, which can be accessed through a convenient co‐complexation reaction of the corresponding dialkylzinc derivatives with lithium alkoxides of the formula [LiO(CH2)2N(CH3)2], or via a deprotonation process mediated by the higher‐order zincate Li2ZnEt4 and dimethylethanolamine. These complexes have been isolated as colourless crystalline solids and characterised by multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, elemental and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. XRD analysis of the crystal structures, combined with 1H DOSY NMR experiments, was crucial for understanding the chemistry behind these complexes. Furthermore, complexes obtained by mixing ZnEt2 with a chiral nonracemic lithium alkoxide generated from (1R,2S)‐N‐methylephedrine have been explored in promoting an enantioselective Michael addition reaction towards trans‐β‐nitrostyrene, with the corresponding nitroalkane isolated in up to 37.3 % enantiomeric excess.
Comparative investigation of exosome extraction from rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using three different methodologies
Authors: Wang Na , Yin Mingyue , Yu Jiaqi , Zhang Jing , Pan Xueli 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExosomes have been identified as crucial mediators in numerous physiological and pathological processes, emerging as a focal point of scientific inquiry. This study aims to compare three methods for isolating exosomes from rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: ultracentrifugation (UC), ultrafast separation system (EXODUS), and commercial precipitation kit (EXO‐kit). First, the investigation compared exosomal morphology, particle size distribution, and expression of marker proteins. Subsequently, the RNA content, protein concentration, and purity of exosomes were evaluated. Finally, the impact of these exosomes on cellular metabolic viability and migration capacity was assessed. Results indicated that exosomes exhibited spherical or elliptical membrane structures, and most of the exosomes extracted by the three methods were in the range of 30 to 200 nm. UC‐extracted exosomes demonstrated the least impurities and clearest background, followed by EXODUS‐extracted exosomes, and lastly EXO‐kit‐extracted exosomes. The EXO‐kit‐extracted exosomes yielded the highest RNA and protein content, whereas those isolated through UC exhibited superior purity. Furthermore, exosomes extracted from EXODUS and EXO‐kit methods effectively enhanced the metabolic viability and migratory ability of osteoblast precursor cells compared to UC‐extracted exosomes. In conclusion, each of the three methodologies presents advantages and limitations. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate exosome extraction technique should be based on specific experimental objectives and requirements.
Green synthesis of zero‐valent copper nanoparticles for removal of D‐yellow 119 textile dye from aqueous medium
Authors: Zayed Mohamed A. , Abdel‐Gawad Soha A. , Abdel‐Aziz Hossam M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractZero‐valent copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were beneficially green synthesized via Ficus Benjamina leaves. Applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Ficus Benjamina nano zero‐valent copper (FB‐nZVCu), an innovative adsorbent, was examined. The obtained zero‐valent CuNPs have a size range of 16–18 nm. The removal of D‐yellow 119 dye from textile wastewater was tested using this novel adsorbent. Many operating parameters were examined and tested to control the adsorbent's maximum removal efficiency. These variables included dye concentration, stirring rate, time, pH, and adsorbent dosage. Different adsorption mechanisms have been tested, and the Langmuir isotherm (qmax = 21.83 mg g−1) and (R2 = 0.9993) represent adequate for the adsorption process. The FB‐nZVCu green adsorbent is a promising material for eliminating D‐yellow 119 from simulated and real samples, according to the data obtained and the fruitful analysis. The impact of different operating factors was examined using IBM SPSS Statistics software. They were shown to be responsible for approximately 94% of the factors influencing the removal process.
Effect of absorber shape on energy, exergy efficiency and enviro‐economic analysis of solar air collector: An experimental study
Authors: Touhami Yassmin , Boudhiaf Ridha , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Khelifa Abdelkrim , Attia Mohammed El Hadi , Abdel‐Aziz Moataz M. , Latrache Noureddine , Aissa Abederrahmane , Driss Zied 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe efficiency of solar air collectors, which are intended to convert solar energy into thermal energy, is the subject of numerous studies that aim to assess and improve it. Solutions for sustainable energy heavily rely on these systems. Making the right choice regarding the best method for absorbing solar radiation and reducing heat losses is what will ultimately lead to their improved performance. In this work, wavy and corrugated absorbers were suggested inside a solar air collector. The aim of this article is to study experimentally the thermal performance of the solar air collector when using wavy shape of absorber and corrugated shape of absorber instead of the flat shape of absorber under the same weather conditions of Sfax region central‐eastern of Tunisia. The suggested shapes of absorber augmented sun exposure and heating area. The results obtained from this experimental study show that switching from a flat plate absorber to both wavy and corrugated absorbers resulting significant performance gains. The absorber with waves showed a significant improvement in daily thermal efficiency of 22.89%, and the absorber with corrugations showed an even greater improvement of 40.56%. Comparable patterns were noted in daily exergy efficiency, where the corrugated absorber demonstrated an astounding 44.83% increase and the wavy absorber provided a 23.24% improvement. Notably, when total cost savings and monthly CO2 reduction were taken into account, the corrugated absorber turned out to be the best option. These findings highlight the importance of absorber form in optimizing thermal and energy efficiency, which may have positive effects on the economy and environment.
Core‐flooding experiments of various concentrations of CO2/N2 mixture in different rocks: II. Effect of rock properties on residual water
Authors: Li Yi , Li Xiangyang , Hu Zhikai , Suo Ruiting , Xue Liang , Yu Qingchun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers, the presence of residual water has an important influence on the storage efficiency and safety. In this study, natural rock cores taken from deep reservoirs in the Ordos Basin and Fukang, Xinjiang are used as research objects. Nine groups of core‐flooding experiments are performed under different CO2/N2 gas mixture ratios to study the influence of rock properties (mineral composition, permeability, porosity and pore structure) on the residual water. Furthermore, the geophysical and chemical properties of rock cores are analyzed by X‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and piezoelectric mercury method. The results show that residual water saturation is a quantitative power function of drainage time. The residual water saturation is positively correlated with the total amount of quartz and feldspar and increases with increasing permeability. Moreover, both the average and median pore throat radius show a strong inverse correlation with irreducible residual water saturation; as these radius increase, the residual water saturation decreases. In contrast, the porosity and maximum pore throat radius display a weaker correlation with irreducible residual water saturation. This study is of great value for engineering practices such as the site selection of CO2 storage projects in saline aquifer and improvement of CO2 storage efficiency. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors influencing farmer willingness to plant forage triticale in winter fallow fields in Northern China: An example from central Shanxi Province
Authors: Jiang Qishen , Dong Haibin , Li Qidong , Zhang Zongxian , Gao Changyu , Yin Yanting , Hou Xiangyang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundUsing winter fallow fields for plant forage is important to ensure food security. Forage triticale (× Triticosecale) has higher yields than other available forage crops and can be planted widely in winter fallow fields. Recently, the planted area of forage triticale in Shanxi Province, China, has exceeded 3500 ha; however, problems such as low farmer willingness to plant (WTP) winter forage still remain.MethodsA total of 219 farmers were surveyed in Taiyuan, Lvliang, and Jinzhong. We analyzed the factors influencing farmer WTP forage triticale, focusing on personal, family, land, and cognition characteristics. We used a binary logistic regression model to quantify the influence of various factors on farmer behavior and conducted a robustness check and heterogeneity analysis.Results“Age” was negatively correlated with farmer WTP—farmers 50 years of age and older showed less WTP. “Land lease situation” was also negatively correlated with WTP. Factors that positively correlated with WTP were “land areas,” “raising of livestock,” “size of labor force,” and “development prospect.”ConclusionsMany farmers are over 50 years of age, land lessors, and have low WTP winter forage. Farmers who raise livestock and have large labor forces, huge land areas, and good cultivation prospects have a high WTP. This study identifies the factors influencing farmers' WTP to assist in the development of the forage triticale industry in the study region, improving land resource utilization and efficiency. The findings are likely to have wider relevance and application.
Vaccination should be everyone's business: Challenges in vaccinating pregnant women against influenza in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Shen Angela K. , Gutu Veaceslav , Druc Alina , Capcelea Angela , Ebama Malembe , Adams Brittany , Belayneh Asalif , Valleau Molly , Paraschiv Angela 
Published: September 2024

SynopsisObstetricians/gynecologists are not included in annual influenza training and have contraindicated influenza vaccines to pregnant individuals, representing a missed opportunity for a provider recommendation.
FIGO and ICM joint statement on contraception: 2024
Authors: Koch Mikaela , Nayiga Harriet , Yates Ann , Kasliwal Asha , Dunkley‐Bent Jacqueline , Jacobsson Bo , Khadka Sabita , Sridhar Aparna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractContraception, and the opportunity and ability to decide the timing, number, and spacing of one's pregnancies, is not just critical for maternal and infant health, but necessary for the attainment of basic reproductive rights. Short inter‐pregnancy intervals have significant consequences for both maternal and newborn mortality, including preterm birth and maternal anemia, and they are a key cause of preventable deaths worldwide. Addressing the unmet need for contraception could have widespread implications for health equity and access. Integrating comprehensive contraceptive services into various health settings including antenatal care, postpartum care, and child immunization visits is vital. Contraceptive counseling should be holistic, and should involve shared decision‐making and patient autonomy. Contraceptive counseling is particularly important in the post‐pregnancy period, where loss to follow‐up may be high, and for adolescents and other vulnerable populations who are often overlooked in these discussions. Addressing the unmet need for contraception requires collaboration and teamwork among healthcare professionals, particularly midwives and physicians, who have the opportunity to amplify one another's efforts, share best practices, advocate for broader contraceptive services, and strengthen training among midwifery and medical trainees. Members of FIGO and ICM have worked together to produce this joint statement, identifying priorities within contraceptive provision and underlining key collaborative strategies to address the unmet need for contraception.
Synergistic anticancer effects and reduced genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles and tamoxifen in breast cancer cells
Authors: Rivera Maria D. , Vazquez‐Duhalt Rafael , Castro‐Longoria Ernestina , Juarez‐Moreno Karla 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNanotechnology is emerging as a promising tool to enhance traditional cancer treatments due to rising chemotherapy resistance and the severe side effects of toxic drugs. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely acknowledged for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties. Given these AgNP characteristics, this research conducts a comprehensive nanotoxicological assessment of strategic combinations involving AgNPs (68 nm) commercial formulation and tamoxifen on MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 breast tumor cells. Utilizing CompuSyn software, the combination index was determined, revealing a synergistic cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect in AgNPs and tamoxifen combinations (CI < 0.97). Furthermore, this combination impaired cell migration (the scratch zone expanded by over 270%) and significantly increased reactive oxygen species production (up to 96% for MDA‐MB‐231 and 52% for MCF‐7 cells). Surprisingly, the genotoxic effect of these mixtures was minimal (below the allowable genotoxicity index of 1.5). Additionally, both breast tumor cell lines exhibited increased proapoptotic and oxidative stress gene expression following the combined treatment. The internalization of AgNPs into breast cancer cells was observed, enhancing their synergistic antiproliferative effect when combined with tamoxifen. These findings suggest the potential of combining AgNPs with chemotherapeutic agents for innovative studies in oncology therapy.
Cynaropicrin attenuates inflammatory cytokines in LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells and ovalbumin‐induced asthmatic mice
Authors: Chen Junyan , Liu Xiaohong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study examines the anti‐inflammatory activity of cynaropicrin against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro and ovalbumin (OVA)‐challenged asthma in mice. Cynaropicrin's antimicrobial effects were tested on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) using the disc diffusion technique. Cytotoxicity was assessed with an (3‐(4, 5‐dimethylthiazolyl‐2)‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The anti‐inflammatory property was evaluated in LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells, while OVA‐challenged asthmatic mice were treated with 10 mg/kg of cynaropicrin. Key inflammatory and antioxidant markers were quantified, and lung histology was examined to confirm therapeutic roles. The antimicrobial studies proved that cynaropicrin effectively inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. pyogenes. Cynaropicrin displayed no cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, it significantly inhibited inflammatory cytokine synthesis upon LPS induction. Cynaropicrin treatment decreased the inflammatory cell counts and also suppressed specific allergic markers in OVA‐challenged mice. It also decreased nitric oxide and myeloperoxidase levels and reduced pulmonary edema. Cynaropicrin increased antioxidant levels and decreased proinflammatory cytokines in the asthmatic mice. Lung histological examination confirms the ameliorative potency of cynaropicrin against OVA‐induced asthmatic pulmonary inflammation in mice. Our findings suggest cynaropicrin possesses significant ameliorative potency against allergen‐induced pulmonary inflammation.
Facile heterolytic bond splitting of molecular chlorine upon reactions with Lewis bases: Comparison with ICl and I2
Authors: Pomogaeva Anna V. , Lisovenko Anna S. , Timoshkin Alexey Y. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFormation of molecular complexes and subsequent heterolytic halogen‐halogen bond splitting upon reactions of molecular Cl2 with nitrogen‐containing Lewis bases (LB) are computationally studied at M06‐2X/def2‐TZVPD and for selected compounds at CCSD(T)/aug‐cc‐pvtz//CCSD/aug‐cc‐pvtz levels of theory. Obtained results are compared with data for ICl and I2 molecules. Reaction pathways indicate, that in case of Cl2∙LB complexes the activation energies for the heterolytic Cl‐Cl bond splitting are lower than the activation energies of the homolytic splitting of Cl2 molecule into chlorine radicals. The heterolytic halogen splitting of molecular complexes of X2∙Py with formation of [XPy2]+… contact ion pairs in the gas phase is slightly endothermic in case of Cl2 and I2, but slightly exothermic in the case of ICl. Formation of {[ClPy2]+…}2 dimers makes the overall process exothermic. Taking into account that polar solvents favor ionic species, generation of donor‐stabilized Cl+ in the presence of the Lewis bases is expected to be favorable. Thus, in polar solvents the oxidation pathway via donor‐stabilized Cl+ species is viable alternative to the homolytic Cl‐Cl bond breaking.
Biomechanical comparison shows increased stability of an arthroscopic subscapular sling procedure compared to an open Latarjet reconstruction for anterior shoulder instability in specimens with major glenoid bone defect
Authors: Vagstad Terje , Klungsøyr Jan Arild , Bjerknes Christian , Klungsøyr Petter , Skrede Aleksander , Dalen Andreas , Drogset Jon Olav , Myklebust Tor Åge , Hermansen Erland 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeRecurrent anterior glenohumeral instability (RASI) is commonly treated with arthroscopic techniques, though their effectiveness in providing stability may diminish in cases of critical glenoid bone loss. This study aimed to compare the stability outcomes and range of motion (ROM) associated with an arthroscopic subscapular sling procedure (SSP), first introduced in 2015.MethodsSixteen fresh‐frozen human cadaveric shoulder specimens were biomechanically evaluated in four conditions: native, injured, post‐SSP and post‐LP. Glenohumeral translations were measured under anterior, anteroinferior and inferior loading, while external rotation ROM was assessed in neutral and abducted positions. Testing was conducted using a robotic system for precise force and torque application. Specimens were prepared with a 20% glenoid bone defect and subjected to stability testing sequentially.ResultsThe SSP significantly reduced glenohumeral translations compared to LP, particularly under anterior loading in neutral (p < 0.001), external rotation (p = 0.007) and abduction (p < 0.001) positions. Although the SSP demonstrated superior stability in these key positions, it did not consistently outperform the LP across all scenarios, as stability was similar between the two in the abducted and rotated position under anterior loading (p = 0.379). Under anteroinferior loading, the SSP showed comparatively better stability at neutral (p = 0.003) and abduction (p < 0.001), whereas the LP led to greater anteroinferior translations in these same positions (p = 0.002 and p = 0.014, respectively). The SSP outperformed the LP under inferior loading in neutral (p = 0.005) and abduction (p = 0.02) positions, though it did not fully restore stability to native shoulder levels. The SSP maintained ROM similar to native shoulders. LP allowed greater ROM, potentially compromising stability.ConclusionThe SSP provided greater stability than the open Latarjet in most positions and did not limit ROM, suggesting it could be a viable, less invasive option for managing shoulder instability.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Osteology of the Small‐Sized Hyphessobrycon piabinhas Fowler 1941 (Characiformes, Characidae) With a Discussion on Developmentally Truncated Characters in the Family
Authors: Marinho Manoela Maria Ferreira , De Santana Santos Yasmim , Da Silva José Igor 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTEvolutionary body size decrease has profound consequences for the morphology of an organism. In the evolution of the Characidae, the most species‐rich family of Neotropical fishes, a prominent trend is the reduction of body size. The most typical effect is the simplification and reduction of morphological features through terminal deletion processes, resulting in the loss of skeletal elements and structures. To provide further information on the matter, we present a detailed description of the skeleton of Hyphessobrycon piabinhas, a poorly known, small representative of the largest genus of Characidae. We further discuss the identity and phylogenetic relationships of H. piabinhas. It belongs to the subfamily Stethaprioninae and exhibits considerable morphological similarity to other congeners from neighboring drainage systems. We identify several morphological simplifications in H. piabinhas and discuss them based on ontogenetic data available for Characiformes. These developmentally truncated elements are also present in many other small representatives of the family and seem to be among the first morphological modifications to occur in the context of body size reduction of Characidae. We argue that structural losses are not strictly correlated with sizes below 26 mm SL, although the most notable simplifications are typically observed in the miniatures.
Reversion of neurovirulent mutations, recombination and high intra‐host diversity in vaccine‐derived poliovirus excreted by patients with primary immune deficiency
Authors: Ben Salem Imene , Khemiri Haifa , Drechsel Oliver , Arbi Marwa , Böttcher Sindy , Mekki Najla , Ben Fraj Ilhem , Souiai Oussama , Yahyaoui Mahrez , Ben Farhat Essia , Meddeb Zina , Touzi Henda , Ben Mustapha Imene , BenKahla Alia , Ouederni Monia , Barbouche Mohamed‐R. , Diedrich Sabine , Triki Henda , Haddad‐Boubaker Sondes 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPatients with Primary immunodeficiency (PIDs) may be infected by Polioviruses (PVs), especially when vaccinated with live Oral Polio Vaccine before diagnosis. They may establish long‐term shedding of divergent strains and may act as reservoirs of PV transmission. This study delved into the effect of the genetic evolution of complete PV genomes, from MHC class II‐deficient patients, on the excretion duration and clinical outcomes. Stool samples from three PID patients underwent analysis for PV detection through inoculation on cell culture and real‐time PCR, followed by VP1 partial sequencing and full genome sequencing using the Illumina technology. Our findings revealed a low number of mutations for one patient who cleared the virus, while two exhibited a high intra‐host diversity favoring the establishment of severe outcomes. Neurovirulence‐reverse mutations were detected in two patients, possibly leading to paralysis development. Furthermore, a recombination event, between type 3 Vaccine‐Derived Poliovirus and Sabin‐like1 (VDPV3/SL1), occurred in one patient. Our findings have suggested an association between intra‐host diversity, recombination, prolonged excretion of the virus, and emergence of highly pathogenic strains. Further studies on intra‐host diversity are crucial for a better understanding of the virus evolution as well as for the success of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative.