bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Integrated Energy Decision Support System
Authors: Alfaris Anas , Khiyami Abdulaziz , Alawad Abdullah , Alsaati Adnan , Hadhrawi Mohammed 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTIn this paper we introduce a decision support system framework termed the Integrated Energy Decision Support System (IEDSS). IEDSS was developed for energy planning at national and regional levels to inform energy planners at multiple levels of government. IEDSS employs system dynamics modeling to enable the rapid evaluation of the outcomes of different supply and demand policies at the national level. Agent‐Based models are used to mimic the interactions between different entities when applying the framework at the regional level of government. Within the IEDSS framework policy makers specify a set of policy decisions and choose from a set of uncertain futures to investigate the performance of their policy decisions. Together these form a scenario for which IEDSS computes a set of output parameters that are used to evaluate the resulting outcome. As a model‐driven DSS, IEDSS can be utilized in two ways. The first is as a single‐user DSS that deploys a scenario‐based planning approach which informs decision makers by mapping the solution space and the resultant effects caused by their policy choices. The second is as a group‐based DSS that enhances communication and collaborative decision making between multiple entities. IEDSS is developed on a software platform that utilizes the front‐end computation to handle templates, style sheets, and visualizations, while the backend is focused on data retrieval, models execution, and performance optimization. IEDSS was developed to address the power sector of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as a case study, but the framework and capabilities of its platform are applicable to any generalized case.
Energy distance
Authors: Rizzo Maria L. , Székely Gábor J. 
Published: January 2016

Energy distance is a metric that measures the distance between the distributions of random vectors. Energy distance is zero if and only if the distributions are identical, thus it characterizes equality of distributions and provides a theoretical foundation for statistical inference and analysis. Energy statistics are functions of distances between observations in metric spaces. As a statistic, energy distance can be applied to measure the difference between a sample and a hypothesized distribution or the difference between two or more samples in arbitrary, not necessarily equal dimensions. The name energy is inspired by the close analogy with Newton's gravitational potential energy. Applications include testing independence by distance covariance, goodness‐of‐fit, nonparametric tests for equality of distributions and extension of analysis of variance, generalizations of clustering algorithms, change point analysis, feature selection, and more. WIREs Comput Stat 2016, 8:27–38. doi: 10.1002/wics.1375This article is categorized under:

Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Multivariate Analysis
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Nonparametric Methods
Autologous Fat Transplantation to the Reconstructed Breast Does not Hinder Assessment of Mammography and Ultrasound: A Cohort Study
Authors: Lindegren Anna , Chantereau Marie Wickman , Bygdeson Malin , Azavedo Edward , Schultz Inkeri 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundAutologous fat transplantation (AFT) to the breast can correct defects and be a part of a breast reconstruction to achieve a better aesthetic result. The impact of AFT on the radiological evaluation and detection of cancer remains unclarified. The aim of this study is to investigate whether AFT induces lasting modifications.MethodsIn the present study, a valuation was performed of 44 breasts from 37 patients examined with mammography and ultrasound before and after autologous fat transplantation. Breast radiologists evaluated the images using a study specific protocol.ResultsAFT did not hinder post‐operative assessment of mammograms or ultrasound. No detectable changes with serious clinical impact were found after injections of mean 177 ml (34–516) of fat in one to four sessions. The rate of oil cysts was significantly higher after AFT than pre‐operatively (2.3 vs. 34.1 % p = 0.0013). Significantly more post‐operative oil cysts were detected after injection of larger volumes of fat (144 vs. 243 ml, p = 0.013). No significant differences were found in the post‐operative images regarding age at surgery, follow‐up time, or time from previous breast surgery.ConclusionAFT does not impair assessment of mammograms and ultrasound in patients who have a history of breast cancer surgery or prophylactic mastectomy.
Mixed Micellization Study of Alkyltrimethylammonium and Alkyltriphenylphosphonium Bromides in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Padasala Shailesh , Kanoje Bharatkumar , Kuperkar Ketan , Bahadur Pratap 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMixed micellization study of cationic surfactants viz. alkyltrimethylammonium bromides (CnTAB) and alkyltriphenylphosphonium bromides (CnTPPB) with similar hydrophobic groups (C12‐, C14‐, and C16‐) was performed using tensiometry and UV–visible light spectrophotometry techniques. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of the single and binary surfactant mixtures were obtained from a plot of surface tension versus the logarithm of surfactant concentration (Cs). The degree of synergy and various mixed micelle parameters like interaction parameter (β), activity coefficients (fm) and interfacial parameters like surface pressure (πCMC), packing parameter (P), surface excess concentration (Гmax), surface tension at the CMC (γCMC), and minimum area per molecule (Amin) were evaluated using the regular solution theory (RST). Thermodynamic parameters were calculated using several proposed models which suggest the mixed micellar system to be more thermodynamically stable than their respective individual components. In addition, a dye solubilization study was performed using a spectrophotometric method to validate the CMC data obtained from tensiometric method. Conductometric measurements were also carried out for the mixture of C12TAB + C12TPPB only as it showed a more negative β, indicating a higher degree of synergism.
Twin pregnancy in a 51‐year‐old woman who underwent autologous cryopreservation at the age of 36 years: case report
Authors: Kotera Tomoki , Shibata Takashi , Kato Hiroki , Watanabe Hirohiko , Nakago Satoshi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractClimacteric women are able to become pregnant using oocytes donated earlier in life. However, adverse effects on such donated oocytes have been identified. We report a case of a successful dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy achieved using autologous fertilized cryopreserved oocytes in a climacteric woman. A 51‐year‐old woman became pregnant using autologous fertilized oocytes that had been frozen for 15 years. On her first visit, multiple leiomyoma of the uterus and gestational diabetes mellitus were diagnosed, and proteinuria began to appear at 30 weeks. In spite of our concerns these complications did not exacerbate and the clinical course for both mother and neonates was favorable. This is the first report of a live twin birth achieved using autologous cryopreserved oocytes in a climacteric woman. This case report may be of value to women who desire postponement of their infertility treatment and the professional assisted reproduction community.
Interactive granular computing
Authors: Skowron Andrzej , Jankowski Andrzej , Dutta Soma 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Decision support in solving problems related to complex systems requires relevant computation models for the agents as well as methods for reasoning on properties of computations performed by agents. Agents are performing computations on complex objects [e.g., (behavioral) patterns, classifiers, clusters, structural objects, sets of rules, aggregation operations, (approximate) reasoning schemes]. In Granular Computing (GrC), all such constructed and/or induced objects are called granules. To model interactive computations performed by agents, crucial for the complex systems, we extend the existing GrC approach to Interactive Granular Computing (IGrC) approach by introducing complex granules (c-granules or granules, for short). Many advanced tasks, concerning complex systems, may be classified as control tasks performed by agents aiming at achieving the high-quality computational trajectories relative to the considered quality measures defined over the trajectories. Here, new challenges are to develop strategies to control, predict, and bound the behavior of the system. We propose to investigate these challenges using the IGrC framework. The reasoning, which aims at controlling of computations, to achieve the required targets, is called an adaptive judgement. This reasoning deals with granules and computations over them. Adaptive judgement is more than a mixture of reasoning based on deduction, induction and abduction. Due to the uncertainty the agents generally cannot predict exactly the results of actions (or plans). Moreover, the approximations of the complex vague concepts initiating actions (or plans) are drifting with time. Hence, adaptive strategies for evolving approximations of concepts are needed. In particular, the adaptive judgement is very much needed in the efficiency management of granular computations, carried out by agents, for risk assessment, risk treatment, and cost/benefit analysis. In the paper, we emphasize the role of the rough set-based methods in IGrC. The discussed approach is a step towards realization of the Wisdom Technology (WisTech) program, and is developed over years, based on the work experience on different real-life projects.
Symmetric and asymmetric inertial instability of zonal jets on the -plane with complete Coriolis force
Authors: Tort Marine , Ribstein Bruno , Zeitlin Vladimir 
Published: January 2016

Symmetric and asymmetric inertial instability of the westerly mid-latitude barotropic Bickley jet is analysed without the traditional approximation which neglects the vertical component of the Coriolis force, as well as the contribution of the vertical velocity to the latter. A detailed linear stability analysis of the jet at large Rossby numbers on the non-traditional $f$-plane is performed for long waves in both the two-layer rotating shallow-water and continuously stratified Boussinesq models. The dependence of the instability on both the Rossby and Burger numbers of the jet is investigated and compared to the traditional case. It is shown that non-traditional effects significantly increase the growth rate of the instability at small enough Burger numbers (weak stratifications) for realistic aspect ratios of the jet. The main results are as follows. (i) Two-layer shallow-water model. In the parameter regimes where the jet is inertially stable on the traditional $f$-plane, the symmetric inertial instability with respect to perturbations with zero along-jet wavenumber arises on the non-traditional $f$-plane. Both non-traditional symmetric and asymmetric (small but non-zero wavenumbers) inertial instabilities have higher growth rates than their traditional counterparts. (ii) Continuously stratified model. It is shown that by a proper change of variables the linear stability problem for the barotropic jet, on the non-traditional $f$-plane, can be rendered separable and analysed along the same lines as in the traditional approximation. Neutral, weak and strong background stratifications are considered. For the neutral stratification the jet is inertially unstable if the traditional approximation is relaxed, while its traditional counterpart is not. For a sufficiently weak stratification, both symmetric and asymmetric inertial instabilities have substantially higher growth rates than in the traditional approximation. The across-jet structure of non-traditional unstable modes is strikingly different, as compared to those under the traditional approximation. No discernible differences between the two approximations are observed for strong enough stratifications. The influence of dissipation and non-hydrostatic effects upon the instability is quantified.
Making a story make sense: Does evidentiality matter in discourse coherence?
Authors: TOSUN SÜMEYRA , VAID JYOTSNA 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTEvidentiality refers to the linguistic marking of the nature/directness of source of evidence of an asserted event. Some languages (e.g., Turkish) mark source obligatorily in their grammar, while other languages (e.g., English) provide only lexical options for conveying source. The present study examined whether or under what conditions firsthand source information is relied on more than nonfirsthand sources in establishing discourse coherence. Turkish- and English-speaking participants read a series of somewhat incongruous two-sentence narratives and were to come up with a way of completing each narrative so that it would form a coherent story. Each narrative contrasted two source types (firsthand vs. hearsay, firsthand vs. inference, or inference vs. hearsay) and two information types (general vs. particular information) each presented first or second. Analysis of story completions showed greater overall reliance on firsthand information when it was presented secondandreferred to a particular event. When the firsthand source occurred first and the particular event occurred second, the latter was favored, especially by Turkish participants. Taken together, the findings suggest that evidentiality interacts with information type in establishing discourse coherence and that both firsthand and particular information are relied on more when presented later rather than earlier in discourse.
Computational ligand design in enantio- and diastereoselective ynamide [5+2] cycloisomerization
Authors: Straker R. N. , Peng Q. , Mekareeya A. , Paton R. S. , Anderson E. A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTransition metals can catalyse the stereoselective synthesis of cyclic organic molecules in a highly atom-efficient process called cycloisomerization. Many diastereoselective (substrate stereocontrol), and enantioselective (catalyst stereocontrol) cycloisomerizations have been developed. However, asymmetric cycloisomerizations where a chiral catalyst specifies the stereochemical outcome of the cyclization of a single enantiomer substrate—regardless of its inherent preference—are unknown. Here we show how a combined theoretical and experimental approach enables the design of a highly reactive rhodium catalyst for the stereoselective cycloisomerization of ynamide-vinylcyclopropanes to [5.3.0]-azabicycles. We first establish highly diastereoselective cycloisomerizations using an achiral catalyst, and then explore phosphoramidite-complexed rhodium catalysts in the enantioselective variant, where theoretical investigations uncover an unexpected reaction pathway in which the electronic structure of the phosphoramidite dramatically influences reaction rate and enantioselectivity. A marked enhancement of both is observed using the optimal theory-designed ligand, which enables double stereodifferentiating cycloisomerizations in both matched and mismatched catalyst–substrate settings.
A cell cycle-dependent BRCA1–UHRF1 cascade regulates DNA double-strand break repair pathway choice
Authors: Zhang Haoxing , Liu Hailong , Chen Yali , Yang Xu , Wang Panfei , Liu Tongzheng , Deng Min , Qin Bo , Correia Cristina , Lee Seungbaek , Kim Jungjin , Sparks Melanie , Nair Asha A. , Evans Debra L. , Kalari Krishna R. , Zhang Pumin , Wang Liewei , You Zhongsheng , Kaufmann Scott H. , Lou Zhenkun , Pei Huadong 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBRCA1 is an important mediator of the DNA damage response, which promotes homologous recombination (HR) and antagonizes 53BP1-dependent non-homologous end joining in S/G2 phase. But how this is achieved remains unclear. Here, we report that the E3 ubiquitin ligase UHRF1 (Ubiquitin-like, with PHD and RING finger domains 1) directly participates in the interplay between BRCA1 and 53BP1. Mechanistically, UHRF1 is recruited to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by BRCA1 in S phase, which requires the BRCT domain of BRCA1 and phosphorylated Ser674 of UHRF1. Subsequently, UHRF1 mediates K63-linked polyubiquitination of RIF1, and results in its dissociation from 53BP1 and DSBs thereby facilitating HR initiation. Thus, UHRF1 is a key regulator of DSB repair choice, which is separate from its role in heterochromatin formation and epigenetic regulator.
Stepwise B-cell-dependent expansion of T helper clonotypes diversifies the T-cell response
Authors: Merkenschlager Julia , Ploquin Mickaël J. , Eksmond Urszula , Andargachew Rakieb , Thorborn Georgina , Filby Andrew , Pepper Marion , Evavold Brian , Kassiotis George 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAntigen receptor diversity underpins adaptive immunity by providing the ground for clonal selection of lymphocytes with the appropriate antigen reactivity. Current models attribute T cell clonal selection during the immune response to T-cell receptor (TCR) affinity for either foreign or self peptides. Here, we report that clonal selection of CD4+ T cells is also extrinsically regulated by B cells. In response to viral infection, the antigen-specific TCR repertoire is progressively diversified by staggered clonotypic expansion, according to functional avidity, which correlates with self-reactivity. Clonal expansion of lower-avidity T-cell clonotypes depends on availability of MHC II-expressing B cells, in turn influenced by B-cell activation. B cells clonotypically diversify the CD4+ T-cell response also to vaccination or tumour challenge, revealing a common effect.
Different gastric microbiota compositions in two human populations with high and low gastric cancer risk in Colombia
Authors: Yang Ines , Woltemate Sabrina , Piazuelo M. Blanca , Bravo Luis E. , Yepez Maria Clara , Romero-Gallo Judith , Delgado Alberto G. , Wilson Keith T. , Peek Richard M. , Correa Pelayo , Josenhans Christine , Fox James G. , Suerbaum Sebastian 
Published: January 2016

AbstractInhabitants of Túquerres in the Colombian Andes have a 25-fold higher risk of gastric cancer than inhabitants of the coastal town Tumaco, despite similar H. pylori prevalences. The gastric microbiota was recently shown in animal models to accelerate the development of H. pylori-induced precancerous lesions. 20 individuals from each town, matched for age and sex, were selected and gastric microbiota analyses were performed by deep sequencing of amplified 16S rDNA. In parallel, analyses of H. pylori status, carriage of the cag pathogenicity island and assignment of H. pylori to phylogeographic groups were performed to test for correlations between H. pylori strain properties and microbiota composition. The gastric microbiota composition was highly variable between individuals, but showed a significant correlation with the town of origin. Multiple OTUs were detected exclusively in either Tumaco or Túquerres. Two operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Leptotrichia wadei and a Veillonella sp., were significantly more abundant in Túquerres and 16 OTUs, including a Staphylococcus sp. were significantly more abundant in Tumaco. There was no significant correlation of H. pylori phylogeographic population or carriage of the cagPAI with microbiota composition. From these data, testable hypotheses can be generated and examined in suitable animal models and prospective clinical trials.
Allelopathic interactions between the brown algal genus Lobophora (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) and scleractinian corals
Authors: Vieira Christophe , Thomas Olivier P. , Culioli Gérald , Genta-Jouve Grégory , Houlbreque Fanny , Gaubert Julie , De Clerck Olivier , Payri Claude E. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAllelopathy has been recently suggested as a mechanism by which macroalgae may outcompete corals in damaged reefs. Members of the brown algal genus Lobophora are commonly observed in close contact with scleractinian corals and have been considered responsible for negative effects of macroalgae to scleractinian corals. Recent field assays have suggested the potential role of chemical mediators in this interaction. We performed in situ bioassays testing the allelopathy of crude extracts and isolated compounds of several Lobophora species, naturally associated or not with corals, against four corals in New Caledonia. Our results showed that, regardless of their natural association with corals, organic extracts from species of the genus Lobophora are intrinsically capable of bleaching some coral species upon direct contact. Additionally, three new C21 polyunsaturated alcohols named lobophorenols A–C (1–3) were isolated and identified. Significant allelopathic effects against Acropora muricata were identified for these compounds. In situ observations in New Caledonia, however, indicated that while allelopathic interactions are likely to occur at the macroalgal-coral interface, Lobophora spp. rarely bleached their coral hosts. These findings are important toward our understanding of the importance of allelopathy versus other processes such as herbivory in the interaction between macroalgae and corals in reef ecosystems.
Structural and configurational properties of nanoconfined monolayer ice from first principles
Authors: Corsetti Fabiano , Matthews Paul , Artacho Emilio 
Published: January 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the structural tendencies of nanoconfined water is of great interest for nanoscience and biology, where nano/micro-sized objects may be separated by very few layers of water. Here we investigate the properties of ice confined to a quasi-2D monolayer by a featureless, chemically neutral potential, in order to characterize its intrinsic behaviour. We use density-functional theory simulations with a non-local van der Waals density functional. An ab initio random structure search reveals all the energetically competitive monolayer configurations to belong to only two of the previously-identified families, characterized by a square or honeycomb hydrogen-bonding network, respectively. We discuss the modified ice rules needed for each network and propose a simple point dipole 2D lattice model that successfully explains the energetics of the square configurations. All identified stable phases for both networks are found to be non-polar (but with a topologically non-trivial texture for the square) and, hence, non-ferroelectric, in contrast to previous predictions from a five-site empirical force-field model. Our results are in good agreement with very recently reported experimental observations.