bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fifteen years of using a second stage protein substitute for weaning in phenylketonuria: a retrospective study
Authors: Evans S. , Daly A. , MacDonald J. , Pinto A. , MacDonald A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn phenylketonuria (PKU), during weaning, it is necessary to introduce a second stage phenylalanine (Phe)‐free protein substitute (PS) to help meet non‐Phe protein requirements. Semi‐solid weaning Phe‐free PS have been available for >15 years, although no long‐term studies have reported their efficacy.MethodsRetrospective data from 31 children with PKU who commenced a weaning PS were collected from clinical records from age of weaning to 2 years, on: gender; birth order; weaning age; anthropometry; blood Phe levels; age commenced and dosage of weaning PS and Phe‐free infant L‐amino acid formula; natural protein intake; and issues with administration of PS or food.ResultsMedian commencement age for weaning was 17 weeks (range 12–25 weeks) and, for weaning PS, 20 weeks (range 13–37 weeks). Median natural protein was 4 g day−1 (range 3–11 g day−1) and total protein intake was >2 g kg−1 day−1 from weaning to 2 years of age. Children started on 2–4 g day−1 protein equivalent (5–10 g day−1 of powder) from weaning PS, increasing by 0.2 g kg−1 day−1 (2 g day−1) monthly to 12 months of age. Teething and illness adversely affected the administration of weaning PS and the acceptance of solid foods. Altogether, 32% of children had delayed introduction of more textured foods, associated with birth order (firstborn 80% versus 38%; P = 0.05) and food refusal when teething (80% versus 29%; P = 0.02).ConclusionsTiming of introduction of solid foods and weaning PS, progression onto more textured foods and consistent feeding routines were important in aiding their acceptance. Any negative behaviour with weaning PS was mainly associated with food refusal, teething and illness. Parental approach influenced the acceptance of weaning PS.
Involvement of platelet‐derived growth factor ligands and receptors in tumorigenesis
Authors: Heldin C.‐H. , Lennartsson J. , Westermark B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPlatelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) isoforms and their receptors have important roles during embryogenesis, particularly in the development of various mesenchymal cell types in different organs. In the adult, PDGF stimulates wound healing and regulates tissue homeostasis. However, overactivity of PDGF signalling is associated with malignancies and other diseases characterized by excessive cell proliferation, such as fibrotic conditions and atherosclerosis. In certain tumours, genetic or epigenetic alterations of the genes for PDGF ligands and receptors drive tumour cell proliferation and survival. Examples include the rare skin tumour dermatofibrosarcoma protuberance, which is driven by autocrine PDGF stimulation due to translocation of a PDGF gene, and certain gastrointestinal stromal tumours and leukaemias, which are driven by constitute activation of PDGF receptors due to point mutations and formation of fusion proteins of the receptors, respectively. Moreover, PDGF stimulates cells in tumour stroma and promotes angiogenesis as well as the development of cancer‐associated fibroblasts, both of which promote tumour progression. Inhibitors of PDGF signalling may thus be of clinical usefulness in the treatment of certain tumours.
Development of a system‐based water balance model to assess interrelated physical and anthropogenic constraints in lake and reservoir watersheds, applied to Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA
Authors: Hedden‐Nicely Dylan R. , Fiedler Fritz 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study presents a methodology for the development of a water balance model that uses publicly available data in a manner useful to water scientists and managers who manage complex lake and reservoir watersheds. The approach was applied to Coeur d'Alene Lake, a naturally occurring lake that is controlled by a dam located on its outlet (Spokane River) in North Idaho, USA. As in many other areas, the region surrounding Coeur d'Alene Lake has experienced high rates of population growth in recent years, and there is concern that, as consumptive water use increases, the lake will eventually not be able to be managed to simultaneously maintain the federally mandated minimum flow requirements in the Spokane River and also maintain the target summertime elevation of 2128 feet (648.6 m) for recreation and hydropower purposes. The complexity caused by the competing uses at Coeur d'Alene Lake makes it an excellent case study for similarly characterized watersheds. Both a natural flow model and regulated elevation model were developed, and sensitivity analysis was conducted on both models to evaluate which lake processes have the greatest effects on lake elevation, thereby requiring the most attention. A ‘low‐flow’ scenario was modelled to demonstrate the usefulness of the model and to inform Coeur d'Alene Lake regional stakeholders regarding the interrelationship between current water policy and the lake's physical behaviour under stressed conditions that could result from climate change. Model result indicates that, while lake elevation may be maintained at the summertime elevation of 2128 feet (648.6 m) under a low‐flow scenario, the outflows in the Spokane River start to approach the minimum flow requirements in the month of August. The developed approach is useful where publicly available data exist and allows for economic, yet rigorous, water resources systems evaluation without requiring significant field data collection.
A Stereo‐Matching Technique for Recovering 3D Information from Underwater Inspection Imagery
Authors: O'Byrne Michael , Pakrashi Vikram , Schoefs Franck , Ghosh Bidisha 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUnderwater inspections stand to gain from using stereo imaging systems to collect three‐dimensional measurements. Although many stereo‐matching algorithms have been devised to solve the correspondence problem, that is, find the same points in multiple images, these algorithms often perform poorly when applied to images of underwater scenes due to the poor visibility and the complex underwater light field. This article presents a new stereo‐matching algorithm, called PaLPaBEL (Pyramidal Loopy Propagated BELief) that is designed to operate on challenging imagery. At its core, PaLPaBEL is a semiglobal method based on a loopy belief propagation message passing algorithm applied on a Markov random field. A pyramidal scheme is adopted that enables wide disparity ranges and high‐resolution images to be handled efficiently. For performance evaluation, PaLPaBEL is applied to underwater stereo images captured under various visibility conditions in a laboratory setting, and to synthetic imagery created in a virtual underwater environment. The technique is also demonstrated on stereo images obtained from a real‐world inspection. The successful results indicate that PaLPaBEL is well suited for underwater application and has value as a tool for the cost‐effective inspection of marine structures.
THE CREATION OF GENDER BIAS IN MUSEUM COLLECTIONS: Recontextualizing Archaeological and Archival Collections from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico
Authors: Heitman Carrie C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUsing feminist and decolonial archival theory, this article examines a case study exposing the gender biases entailed in the creation of both image and artifact collections from historic‐era excavations in the American Southwest. Documentary and photographic archives aggregated from various institutional repositories into the Chaco Research Archive (CRA) document the initial segregation of women into particular areas of archaeological practice and help shed light on the historical context for contemporary issues of gender segregation. This article recontextualizes primary archaeological data, engages legacy materials as both source and subject, and provides a methodology to read “against the archive” in an effort to expose and reinterpret gender inequalities. Women archaeologists, I argue, are underrepresented in the visual records of the early to mid‐twentieth century. I also demonstrate how selective field documentation and collection practices obscure some of the ways women participated in the social transformations that defined emergent Chacoan society.
Sensitisation to fungi in atopic dermatitis patients over 14 years of age and the relation to the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions
Authors: Čelakovská J. , Bukač J. , Ettler K. , Vaneckova J. , Krcmova I. , Ettlerova K. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate if there is some relation between the sensitisation to fungi and the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions in atopic dermatitis patients aged 14 years and older. Complete dermatological and allergological examination was performed in all included patients; the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions was recorded and the sensitisation to mixture of fungi was examined (skin prick test, specific IgE). The statistical evaluation of the relation between the sensitisation to fungi and the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions was performed; 331 patients were included in the study, 110 men and 221 women, the average age was 26.8 years. The sensitisation to fungi was recorded in 100 patients (30%), the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions was recorded in 261 patients (79%). We confirmed that patients suffering from sensitisation to fungi suffer significantly more often from food hypersensitivity reactions to nuts (walnuts, peanuts) and sea fish; no significant relation was confirmed between the sensitisation to fungi and the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions to tomatoes, kiwi, apples, spices, oranges, capsicum, celery and carrot.
Perianal pseudoverrucous papules and nodules in Hirschsprung's disease: Rapid resolution with oral loperamide
Authors: Yap Francis H. X. , Thom Graham 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe report the case of a 2‐year‐old boy with Hirschsprung's disease who developed perianal pseudoverrucous papules and nodules subsequent to persistent diarrhea and stool leakage after Giardia infection. Bleeding from the papules resulted in iron deficiency anaemia requiring blood transfusion and iron infusion. Topical therapies used over 6 months were of limited benefit and colostomy was considered, but the condition completely resolved after commencement of oral loperamide. This demonstrates that perianal pseudoverrucous papules and nodules can be severe but are entirely reversible upon removal of the source of skin irritation.
Parental Age and Risk of Infant Leukaemia: A Pooled Analysis
Authors: Marcotte Erin L. , Druley Todd E. , Johnson Kimberly J. , Richardson Michaela , von Behren Julie , Mueller Beth A. , Carozza Susan , McLaughlin Colleen , Chow Eric J. , Reynolds Peggy , Spector Logan G. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundInfant leukaemia (IL) is extremely rare with fewer than 150 cases occurring each year in the United States. Little is known about its causes. However, recent evidence supports a role of de novo mutations in IL aetiology. Parental age has been associated with several adverse outcomes in offspring, including childhood cancers. Given the role of older parental age in de novo mutations in offspring, we carried out an analysis of parental age and IL.MethodsWe evaluated the relationship between parental age and IL in a case–control study using registry data from New York, Minnesota, California, Texas, and Washington. Records from 402 cases [219 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), 131 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), and 52 other] and 45 392 controls born during 1981–2004 were analysed. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by logistic regression. Estimates were adjusted for infant sex, birth year category, maternal race, state, and mutually adjusted for paternal or maternal age, respectively.ResultsInfants with mothers' age ≥40 years had an increased risk of developing AML (OR 4.80, 95% CI 1.80, 12.76). In contrast, paternal age <20 was associated with increased risk of ALL (OR 3.69, 95% CI 1.62, 8.41).ConclusionThis study demonstrates increased risk of infant ALL in relation to young paternal age. Given record linkage, there is little concern with recall or selection bias, although data are lacking on MLL gene status and other potentially important variables. Parent of origin effects, de novo mutations, and/or carcinogenic exposures may be involved in IL aetiology.
Enhancing patient safety in the operating theatre: from the perspective of experienced operating theatre nurses
Authors: Ingvarsdottir Eydis , Halldorsdottir Sigridur 
Published: September 2017

The study's rationaleSurgical care is an extensive component of modern health care, but patient safety issues and complications of surgery have been identified as a major cause of death and disability.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify, from the perspective of experienced operating theatre nurses (OTNs), how patient safety in the operating theatre (OT) can be enhanced.Research methodology and methodsIn this phenomenological study, 14 individual interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 11 participants: ten women and one man. Work experience as an OTN spanned 10–40 years. Mean experience was 16 years.ResultsThe enhancement of patient safety in the OT from the perspective of the experienced OTNs is a constant endeavour of managing risks and preventing patient harm it involves respecting the vulnerability of the patient in the OT by being attentive to the patient at each moment, making contact with the patient and recognising how the patient loses all control by being anaesthetised or sedated and is, therefore totally dependent on OT staff. It also involves the OTN navigating the patient as safely as possible through the perioperative process by careful preparation, the use of protocols and checklists and taking measures to prevent complications and harm. Moreover, it involves contributing to a culture of safety by improving work conditions in the OT. Certain competencies of the OTN are essential for the enhancement of patient safety in the OT. These involve both nontechnical and technical competencies.ConclusionsConstantly managing risk and preventing the OT patient from harm is essential according to the experienced OTNs, who are in a key position to identify threats to patient safety and should be empowered to enhance patient safety as a constant endeavour.
Providers, Unmarried Young Women, and Post‐Abortion Care in Kenya
Authors: Izugbara Chimaraoke O. , Egesa Carolyne P. , Kabiru Caroline W. , Sidze Estelle M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractYoung women and girls in Kenya face challenges in access to abortion care services. Using in‐depth and focus group interviews, we explored providers’ constructions of these challenges. In general, providers considered abortion to be commonplace in Kenya; reported being regularly approached to offer abortion‐related care and services; and articulated the structural, contextual, and personal challenges they faced in serving young post‐abortion care (PAC) patients. They also considered induced abortion among young unmarried girls to be especially objectionable; stressed premarital fertility and out‐of‐union sexual activity among unmarried young girls as transgressive of respectable femininity and proper adolescence; blamed young women and girls for the challenges they reported in obtaining PAC services; and linked these challenges to young women's efforts to conceal their failures related to gender and adolescence, exemplified by pre‐marital pregnancy and abortion. This study shows how providers’ distinctive emphasis that young abortion care‐seekers are to blame for their own difficulties in accessing PAC may add to the ongoing crisis of post‐abortion care for young women and adolescent girls in Kenya.
The Andersen aerobic fitness test: New peak oxygen consumption prediction equations in 10 and 16‐year olds
Authors: Aadland E. , Andersen L. B. , Lerum Ø. , Resaland G. K. 
Published: September 2017

Measurement of aerobic fitness by determining peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) is often not feasible in children and adolescents, thus field tests such as the Andersen test are required in many settings, for example in most school‐based studies. This study provides cross‐validated prediction equations for VO2peak based on the Andersen test in 10 and 16‐year‐old children. We included 235 children (n = 113 10‐year olds and 122 16‐year olds) who performed the Andersen test and a progressive treadmill test to exhaustion to determine VO2peak. Joint and sex‐specific prediction equations were derived and tested in 20 random samples. Performance in terms of systematic (bias) and random error (limits of agreement) was evaluated by means of Bland‐Altman plots. Bias varied from −4.28 to 5.25 mL/kg/min across testing datasets, sex, and the 2 age groups. Sex‐specific equations (mean bias −0.42 to 0.16 mL/kg/min) performed somewhat better than joint equations (−1.07 to 0.84 mL/kg/min). Limits of agreement were substantial across all datasets, sex, and both age groups, but were slightly lower in 16‐year olds (5.84‐13.29 mL/kg/min) compared to 10‐year olds (9.60‐15.15 mL/kg/min). We suggest the presented equations can be used to predict VO2peak from the Andersen test performance in children and adolescents on a group level. Although the Andersen test appears to be a good measure of aerobic fitness, researchers should interpret cross‐sectional individual‐level predictions of VO2peak with caution due to large random measurement errors.
Cornerstones of patient blood management in surgery
Authors: Butcher A. , Richards T. 
Published: September 2017

SUMMARYPre‐operative anaemia and perioperative red blood cell transfusion carry significant consequence when it comes to surgical outcomes. The establishment of patient‐centred clinical pathways has been designed to harness and endorse good transfusion practice, termed the three pillars of patient blood management (PBM). These focus on the timely and appropriate management of anaemia, prevention of blood loss and restrictive transfusion where appropriate. This article reviews the current evidence and ongoing research in the field of PBM in surgery. Strategies to implement PBM have shown significant benefits in appropriate transfusion practice, reduced costs and improved length of hospital stay. Recently published national quality standards have recognised the features of the PBM blueprint such as the consideration of alternatives to red blood cell transfusion, the active measures to reduce perioperative blood loss and the appropriate management of post‐operative anaemia. Adopting PBM in surgical patients should be paramount to reduce the risks posed by perioperative anaemia and blood transfusions. The principles of PBM help structure the interventions and decisions relating to anaemia and blood transfusion, but, more importantly, represent a paradigm shift towards a more considered approach to blood transfusion, acknowledging its risks, preventatives and alternatives.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Genotype 2B Rubella Virus Isolated in South Korea in 2015
Authors: Kang Hae Ji , Kim You-Jin , Lee Hye Min , Nam Jeong-Gu , Kim Sung Soon 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
The complete genome sequence of the wild-type genotype 2B rubella virus RVi/Busan.KOR/10.15[2B], isolated from a patient in South Korea, was determined. The availability of this sequence will help in understanding the circulation of endemic rubella viruses, as well as their genetic diversity.
Draft Genome Sequence of Rubricoccus marinus SG-29
T
, a Marine Bacterium within the Family
Rhodothermaceae
, Which Contains Two Different Rhodopsin Genes
Authors: Nakajima Yu , Yoshizawa Susumu , Park Sanghwa , Kumagai Yohei , Wong Shu-Kuan , Ogura Yoshitoshi , Hayashi Tetsuya , Kogure Kazuhiro 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Rubricoccus marinus
SG-29
T
, a bacterium isolated from the western North Pacific Ocean.
R. marinus
SG-29
T
possesses two different types of rhodopsin genes and belongs to the family
Rhodothermaceae
, with which halophilic, thermophilic, and marine bacteria are associated.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Lactococcus
sp. Strain Rs-Y01, Isolated from the Gut of the Lower Termite
Reticulitermes speratus
Authors: Yuki Masahiro , Sakamoto Mitsuo , Kuwahara Hirokazu , Hongoh Yuichi , Ohkuma Moriya 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Lactococcus
sp. strain Rs-Y01, which was isolated from the gut of a wood-feeding termite. The genome information will facilitate the study of the symbiotic functions of this strain in the termite gut.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Human Sapovirus GI.2 Variant, Isolated from a Patient in Ireland in 2016
Authors: Yang Zhihui , O’Gorman Joanne , De Gascun Cillian , Bennett Charlene , Elkins Christopher A. , Kulka Michael , Coughlan Suzie 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
We report here the first near-complete genome sequence (7,463 nucleotides) of a human sapovirus GI.2 variant from Dublin, Ireland, detected in an adult with gastroenteritis in 2016.
Paediatric advance care planning survey: a cross-sectional examination of congruence and discordance between adolescents with HIV/AIDS and their families
Authors: Lyon Maureen E , Dallas Ronald H , Garvie Patricia A , Wilkins Megan L , Garcia Ana , Cheng Yao Iris , Wang Jichuan 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo identify patient-reported paediatric advance care planning (pACP) needs of adolescents living with HIV and to examine the congruence with their family’s perception of their needs.MethodsA cross-sectional survey among six paediatric hospital-based outpatient HIV specialty clinics. Participants included 48 adolescent/family dyads (n=96 participants) within a larger study facilitating pACP. The main outcome measure was the Lyon Advance Care Planning Survey – Adolescent and Surrogate Versions-Revised.ResultsAdolescents’ mean age was 18 years (range ≥14–<21); 54% male; 92% African-American; 27% with prior AIDS diagnosis. If dying, 92%believed in completing an advance directive; 85%preferred to die at home;88% knowing how to say good bye; 71%being off machines that extend lifeand 77%dying a natural death. Best timing for end-of-life (EOL) decisions waswhile healthy(38%),when first diagnosed(17%),when first sick from a life-threatening illness(4%),when first hospitalised(8%),if dying(4%) andall of the above(19%). Prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted Kappa (PABAK) measured congruence in pACP needs within adolescent/family dyads. There was substantial congruence in thatbeing free from pain(PABAK=0.83), andunderstanding your treatment choices(PABAK=0.92) were very important or important. There was discordance aboutbeing off machines that extend life(PABAK=0.08) andwhen is the best time to bring up EOL decisions(PABAK=0.32).ConclusionsAreas of discordance were associated with life-sustaining choices and when to have the EOL conversation. Targeted, adolescent/family-centred, evidence-based pACP interventions are needed to improve family understanding of youth’s EOL wishes.Trial registration numberNCT01289444; Results.