bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a Fieldwork Experience on Attitudes Toward People With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Sullivan Allison , Mendonca Rochelle 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to describe the effects of curriculum activities on changing attitudes of health professional students toward people with intellectual disabilities (IDs).
METHOD. A nonrandomized, pretest–posttest design was used. Participants were college students assigned to one of three groups: two groups of students from different years in the occupational therapy program and one group of public health students. Each group completed the Attitudes Toward Intellectual Disabilities Questionnaire before and after each intervention.
RESULTS. No significant differences were found in change of attitude after a lecture on the effects of stigma on people with disabilities. Length of time in program, age, and amount of experience with people with IDs affected changes in attitude for occupational therapy students after a fieldwork intervention.
CONCLUSION. Level I fieldwork significantly improved the attitudes of occupational therapy students toward people with IDs, whereas a lecture did not.
The influence of deep convection on HCHO and H2O2 in the upper troposphere over Europe
Authors: Bozem Heiko , Pozzer Andrea , Harder Hartwig , Martinez Monica , Williams Jonathan , Lelieveld Jos , Fischer Horst 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Deep convection is an efficient mechanism for vertical trace gas transport from Earth's surface to the upper troposphere (UT). The convective redistribution of short-lived trace gases emitted at the surface typically results in a C-shaped profile. This redistribution mechanism can impact photochemical processes, e.g. ozone and radical production in the UT on a large scale due to the generally longer lifetimes of species like formaldehyde (HCHO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which are important HOx precursors (HOx =  OH + HO2 radicals). Due to the solubility of HCHO and H2O2 their transport may be suppressed as they are efficiently removed by wet deposition. Here we present a case study of deep convection over Germany in the summer of 2007 within the framework of the HOOVER II project. Airborne in situ measurements within the in- and outflow regions of an isolated thunderstorm provide a unique data set to study the influence of deep convection on the transport efficiency of soluble and insoluble trace gases. Comparing the in- and outflow indicates an almost undiluted transport of insoluble trace gases from the boundary layer to the UT. The ratios of out : inflow of CO and CH4 are 0.94 ± 0.04 and 0.99 ± 0.01, respectively. For the soluble species HCHO and H2O2 these ratios are 0.55 ± 0.09 and 0.61 ± 0.08, respectively, indicating partial scavenging and washout. Chemical box model simulations show that post-convection secondary formation of HCHO and H2O2 cannot explain their enhancement in the UT. A plausible explanation, in particular for the enhancement of the highly soluble H2O2, is degassing from cloud droplets during freezing, which reduces the retention coefficient.
Intercomparison of total column ozone data from the Pandora spectrophotometer with Dobson, Brewer, and OMI measurements over Seoul, Korea
Authors: Kim Jiyoung , Kim Jhoon , Cho Hi-Ku , Herman Jay , Park Sang Seo , Lim Hyun Kwang , Kim Jae-Hwan , Miyagawa Koji , Lee Yun Gon 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Daily total column ozone (TCO) measured using the Pandora spectrophotometer (no. 19) was compared with data from the Dobson (no. 124) and Brewer (no. 148) spectrophotometers, as well as from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) (with two different algorithms, Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) TOMS and differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) methods), over the 2-year period between March 2012 and March 2014 at Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. Based on the linear-regression method, the TCO from Pandora is closely correlated with those from other instruments with regression coefficients (slopes) of 0.95 (Dobson), 1.00 (Brewer), 0.98 (OMI-TOMS), and 0.97 (OMI-DOAS), and determination coefficients (R2) of 0.95 (Dobson), 0.97 (Brewer), 0.96 (OMI-TOMS), and 0.95 (OMI-DOAS). The daily averaged TCO from Pandora has within 3 % differences compared to TCO values from other instruments. For the Dobson measurements in particular, the difference caused by the inconsistency in observation times when compared with the Pandora measurements was up to 12.5 % because of diurnal variations in the TCO values. However, the comparison with Brewer after matching the observation time shows agreement with large R2 and small biases. The TCO ratio between Brewer and Pandora shows the 0.98 ± 0.03, and the distributions for relative differences between two instruments are 89.2 and 57.1 % of the total data within the error ranges of 3 and 5 %, respectively. The TCO ratio between Brewer and Pandora also is partially dependent on solar zenith angle. The error dependence by the observation geometry is essential to the further analysis focusing on the sensitivity of aerosol and the stray-light effect in the instruments.
STABLE FREE RADICAL–ASSISTED MECHANICAL DEVULCANIZATION OF CARBON BLACK–FILLED NATURAL RUBBER VULCANIZATES
Authors: Joseph Anu Mary , Madhusoodhanan K. N. , Alex Rosamma , George Benny 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
The issue of recombining of the radicals formed from cross-link scission and the consequent reformation of once-cleaved cross-links during mechanical devulcanization of carbon black–filled NR vulcanizates was investigated in a two-roll mill by the addition of the stable free radical 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (4HT), formerly 4-hydroxy-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl free radical. The effect of concentration of 4HT (0–6 pounds per hundred of rubber [phr]) and the effect of cure system, that is, conventional, semi-efficient (EV), and EV, used for vulcanization of the original sample on the efficiency of devulcanization were determined from the residual cross-link density of the gel part of the devulcanized rubber and the percent devulcanization, and further from revulcanizate properties. Chemical probe analysis of the devulcanized sample disclosed that (i) mechanical shearing predominantly breaks the majority cross-link type that decides the associated percent devulcanization; (ii) shear-induced chain-shortening reactions of polysulfidic cross-links occur at ambient conditions, increasing the absolute value of monosulfidic links irrespective of the significant reduction in total cross-link density due to cross-link scission; (iii) re–cross-linking of once cleaved bonds is being arrested in the presence of 4HT, thereby increasing the percent devulcanization. Both the bond energy of the cross-link type to be cleaved and the recombining capacity of the broken cross-links seem to play a decisive role in percent devulcanization, and the probable mechanism involved is suggested.
Consecutive case series of 244 age-related macular degeneration patients undergoing implantation with an extended macular vision IOL
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad A. , Robbie Scott J. , Hengerer Fritz H. , Auffarth Gerd U. , Conrad-Hengerer Ina , Artal Pablo 
Published: October 2017

Purpose: To determine safety and visual outcomes in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) implanted with a novel intraocular lens (IOL) that delivers an optimized retinal image to all macular areas within 10 degrees of retinal eccentricity. Methods: This was a consecutive case series of 244 eyes with dry/stable wet AMD and logMAR visual acuity ≥0.3 implanted with iolAMD Eyemax monoTM (London Eye Hospital Pharma), a single-piece, injectable, hydrophobic acrylic IOL sited in the capsular bag. Primary outcome was safety. Secondary outcomes were changes in corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and corrected near visual acuity (CNVA) (logMAR). Results: Mean age at surgery was 80 years. Mean duration of follow-up was 3 months (range 1-16 months). No eyes had worsening of CDVA. Frequency of perioperative complications was equivalent to standard IOL implantation. Postoperative refractive outcomes were within ±1 D of the target refraction in 88% of cases. Mean preoperative CDVA improved from 1.06 to 0.71 postoperatively (mean of differences -0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.3886 to -0.3223; p<0.0001), equating to an approximate Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study gain of 18 letters. Mean preoperative CNVA (N-point; logMAR conversion) improved from 1.36 to 0.88 postoperatively (mean of differences -0.48; 95% CI -0.53 to -0.44; p<0.0001). Conclusions: This novel IOL appears safe in the short to medium term. Improvements in postoperative CDVA and CNVA exceed those observed with standard implants.
Infection and failure rates following total hip arthroplasty for septic arthritis: a case-controlled study
Authors: Papanna Madhavan C. , Chebbout Ryad , Buckley Simon , Stockley Ian , Hamer Andrew 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is performed as a 2-stage or single stage procedure in patients with a history of septic arthritis of the native hip joint. The decision is based on whether the infection is active or quiescent in the joint. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of total hip arthroplasty for septic arthritis of the native hip to a control series of patients treated for primary osteoarthritis of the hip with standard THA. Methods: Between March 2000 and March 2013, 18 cases of septic arthritis of the hip treated with THA were retrospectively identified. During the same time period, 18 control cases of THA for degenerative osteoarthritis were identified. Cases and controls were comparable in age, gender, body mass index, type of anaesthesia and American Society of Anesthesiologists score. Results: 11 and 7 cases received 2-stage and single stage total hip arthroplasty respectively for septic arthritis. There was a mean interval of 4 months between 1st and 2nd-stage operations. Cases and controls were followed up for a mean of 70 and 72 months respectively. There was no reinfection or implant failure in the cases, and comparable functional outcomes between cases and controls. Conclusions: Two-stage and single-stage THA for active and quiescent native hip infection respectively, achieved similar outcomes to THA for primary osteoarthritis in controls.
Metallisation of Biolox Delta® Ceramic Head: What's Wrong?
Authors: Sanz-Ruiz Pablo , Calvo-Haro Jose A. , Villanueva-Martinez Manuel , Vaquero-Martín Javier 
Published: October 2017

Introduction Since the recent failure of certain coating models, hybrid implants (coated acetabular inserts with conventional stems) and stems with modular necks, there has been growing interest in the consequences of the generation and release of metal particles at the prosthetic interfaces. The use of ceramic heads has recently been described as an option for reducing the production of metal ions and their consequences. Case report The present case report describes the first complete metallisation of a ceramic head secondary to an excessive release of metal ions at the head-neck junction. Conclusions We believe this to have occurred due to the use of 12/14 cones of different manufacturers.
Effect of tranexamic acid use on blood loss and thromboembolic risk in hip fracture surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Baskaran Dinnish , Rahman Syed , Salmasi Yousuf , Froghi Saied , Berber Onur , George Marc 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Intravenous tranexamic acid (IV TXA) is a recognised pharmaceutical intervention utilised to minimise blood loss and allogenic blood transfusion. However, the use of IV TXA in hip fracture surgery remains inconclusive. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the role of TXA in operative hip fracture management on operative and total blood loss, allogenic blood transfusion requirements and impact on venous thromboembolic (VTE) event incidence. Methods: A systematic computerised literature search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, Ovid, The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Trip and Google was conducted. We reviewed the efficacy of IV TXA on perioperative blood loss, total blood loss, pre- and postoperative haemoglobin differences, duration of surgery, allogenic blood transfusion requirements and VTE events. Results: 8 studies were eligible including 6 randomised control trials and 2 cohort studies. Patients receiving IV TXA had reduced mean total blood loss of 442.9 mls (95% CI, 426.5-459.3; p<0.00001), reduced operative blood loss of 88.5 mls (95% CI, 59.9-117.2; p<0.00001), a decrease in the need for allogenic blood transfusion (OR 0.37; 95% CI, 0.26-0.53; p<0.00001) and a reduction in pre- and postoperative haemoglobin difference (p = 0.013.) There was no significant increase in VTE risk (OR 1.59; 95% CI 0.67-3.75; p>0.29) or significant difference on duration of surgery seen with IV TXA usage (p>0.06). Conclusions: Our review demonstrated the efficacy of IV TXA in minimising perioperative, reducing total blood loss and lowering the necessity for allogenic blood transfusions with no significant increased risk in VTE events.
LncRNA GHET1 Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Proliferation and Invasion via Induction of EMT
Authors: Liu Hongfen , Zhen Qiang , Fan Yakun 
Published: October 2017

Background Recent studies have shown that long noncoding RNA (IncRNA) gastric carcinoma highly expressed transcript 1 (GHET1) was involved in the progression of tumors. However, the role of GHET1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Methods The expression of IncRNA GHET1 was examined in 55 paired ESCC tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues. Molecular and cellular techniques were used to explore the role of GHET1 on ESCC cells. Results Our data showed that GHET1 expression was significantly increased in ESCC tissues and cell lines. High GHET1 expression in ESCC tissues was significantly associated with poor differentiation, advanced tumor nodes metastasis stage, and lymph node metastasis. GHET1 showed high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing ESCC. Our data from in vitro assays showed that GHET1 inhibition suppressed ESCC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced cells apoptosis. Furthermore, western blot showed that GHET1 inhibition significantly decreased the expression of vimentin and N-cadherin while it increased the expression of E-cadherin. Conclusions Our study indicates that GHET1 acts as an oncogene in ESCC and may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ESCC patients.
Predicting tissue plasminogen activator use and success in in-center hemodialysis patients
Authors: Kosa Sarah Daisy , Ye Chenglin , Thabane Lehana , Gafni Amiram , Lok Charmaine E. 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Hemodialysis catheter malfunction is problematic. We aimed to determine clinical, catheter, and hemodialysis variables that predict: (i) catheter malfunction requiring recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (TPA) treatment and (ii) the success of TPA administration. Methods: Clinical, catheter, and hemodialysis variables were collected from a cohort of 559 catheters (141,526 catheter days) in 175 hemodialysis patients (2008-2011). Time to, and predictors of, catheter malfunction were determined for all catheters and primary catheters only, analyzed by Cox-proportional hazard model, multi-variable logistic regression model, and mixed-effect logistic regression models. Success of TPA use was determined immediately, next day, and two weeks after use. Results: Shorter time to first TPA administration in all patient’s catheters was associated with increased body mass index (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.06, 1.01-1.11, p = 0.03) and being of black race (HR = 3.05, 1.65-5.67, p<0.01). Primary TPA administration success at two weeks among primary catheters was associated with increased mean peak venous pressure before TPA administration (odds ratio [OR] = 1.03, 1.01-1.06, p<0.01) and decreased mean of the lowest systolic blood pressure measure for the three dialysis sessions prior to TPA administration (OR = 0.95, 0.91-0.99, p = 0.02). TPA administration success at two weeks among all catheters was associated with decreasing body mass index (OR = 0.84, CI 0.73-0.96, p = 0.01) and having diabetes (OR = 7.19, 1.40-36.81, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Both patient and dialysis predictors of TPA use and success were identified in this study, which may be useful for fine-tuning catheter management protocols to target hemodialysis patients at high risk of catheter malfunction.
Left axillary to right atrium anterior chest wall graft using bovine carotid artery conduit
Authors: Zubair Muhammad Mujeeb , Bennett Matthew E. , Peden Eric K. 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Central venous occlusive (CVO) disease involving the superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC) can occur frequently in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on chronic dialysis. Dialysis access is essential for the survival of these patients. Case description: We report a case of a chest wall graft creation using bovine carotid artery conduit in a patient who was experiencing life-threatening loss of dialysis access secondary to her SVC and IVC occlusion along with a hypercoagulable state. We did a subcutaneous anterior chest wall graft from the left axillary artery to the right atrium (RA) using a mini thoracotomy incision. Conclusions: ESRD patients with CVO pose a unique challenge. We believe our approach can provide an excellent option for dialysis access in patients with exhausted conventional access options.
GÊNERO, QUALIDADE E AS ORGANIZAÇÕES NAS BARREIRAS DO PRECONCEITO
Authors: MELLO HÉLIO RUBENS ALVES DE , Natel Jan Paulo Vicari , Franco Maura Regina , Moraes Paulo Eduardo Sobreira 
Published: October 2017

Neste artigo buscou-se explorar os estudos sobre Gênero, Organizações e a Gestão da Qualidade. Através da bibliografia utilizada, foi possível discorrer sobre os temas e os unir para embasar a problemática da pesquisa, que visou conhecer a opinião de um público específico. O meio utilizado foi através de entrevista semiestruturada, coletando as respostas dos discentes do Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Gestão da Qualidade da Universidade Federal do Paraná e dos Docentes do mesmo curso, sobre a questão se “Existe um jeito masculino de se fazer Gestão da Qualidade diferente do jeito feminino de se fazer Gestão da Qualidade?”. O objetivo da pesquisa foi fazer um levantamento teórico sobre a percepção do profissional quanto a sua capacidade de gerir relacionado ou não ao gênero masculino e feminino.Palavras-Chave: Gênero; Organizações; Gestão; Qualidade. ABSTRACT In this article looked for to explore the studies about Gender, Organizations and the Quality Management. Through the literature used it was possible to discourse about the themes and unit them to base a set of problems of the inquiry which aimed to know the opinion for a specific audience. The means utilized were the semi-structured interview collecting the answers of students of the Degree in Technology in Quality Management from the Universidade Federal do Paraná and the same course teachers, about the question if “There is a masculine way of doing quality management different from the female way of doing quality management? ”, in which wasn’t possible obtain absolute certainty, taking the research had a qualitative nature of exploitation andnot quantitative, but certainly can serve as inspiration and base for deepen in this theme in future dissertations, Postgraduate Courses, Masters and/or Doctorate Degree.Key-Words: Gender; Organizations; Management; Quality.
How to Ground Animal Rights on African Values: Reply to Horsthemke
Authors: Metz Thaddeus 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
I seek to advance plausible replies to the several criticisms Kai Horsthemke (2015) makes of “African modal relationalism,” his label for my theory of animal rights with a sub-Saharan pedigree. Central to this view is the claim that, roughly, a being has a greater moral status the more it is in principle capable of relating communally with characteristic human beings. Horsthemke maintains that this view is anthropocentric and speciesist, is poorly motivated relative to his egalitarian-individualist approach, and does not have the implications that I contend. I aim to rebut these and related criticisms, contending that African modal relationalism is in fact a promising way to philosophically ground animal rights.
Animal Rights and African Ethics: Congruence or Conflict?
Authors: Galgut Elisa 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In his new book Animals and African Ethics, Kai Horsthemke (2015) examines whether an African morality can be extended to include animal rights. He argues that the African ethical systems of ubuntu and ukama, because they are anthropocentric at heart, do not adequately make space for animal rights. In his defense of animal rights, Horsthemke responds to arguments claiming that there is a difference between racism and speciesism, and that the latter is morally justifiable even though the former is not. I examine this discussion and agree with Horsthemke that the arguments in favor of speciesism are weak. I defend the claim that—like racism—speciesism is morally unjustifiable.
Biocentrism, Ecocentrism, and African Modal Relationalism: Etieyibo, Metz, and Galgut on Animals and African Ethics
Authors: Horsthemke Kai 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In this brief reply to the essays by Edwin Etieyibo (2017), Thad Metz (2017), and Elisa Galgut (2017), I argue (a) that African morality is neither biocentric nor ecocentric in the sense of accepting that “there is no significant moral difference between animal and human slaughter and rituals,” and (b) that African modal relationalism is problematic in both its empirical assumptions and its normative counsel. I concede that anthropocentrism, whether this involves the view that only human beings merit moral treatment or the view that any human is necessarily superior to or more significant morally than any other animal, is not essential to African morality. There exist several resources in African philosophical thinking for deriving a nonanthropocentric and nonspeciesist ethical orientation. The task, however, is a formidable one that requires imagination as well as intellectual consistency and honesty.
C’mon, You Reds: The U.S. Communist Party’s Workers’ Soccer Association, 1927–35
Authors: Logan Gabe 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
From 1927 to 1935, the United States Communist Party established the Labor Sport Union, a coalition of worker athletic clubs, primarily located in the urban Northeast and Midwest. One of their successful sporting accomplishments was the Workers’ Soccer Association (WSA), which organized leagues in New York City, Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Philadelphia, and Pittsburgh. This communist soccer league played two seasons per year and competed for city, regional, and national championships. This paper recounts the history of the WSA and explains an overlooked aspect of U.S. soccer that intersected political ideology, labor, and athletics.
Mud in the Tracks and Soviet Wax: Nikolai Vasil’ev at Russia’s First International Ski Race, 1913
Authors: Frank William D. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
On February 22, 1913, Russia held its first international ski race in St. Petersburg. Participating was Nikolai Vasil’ev, the country’s teenaged national champion; competing against him were three Finnish skiers fresh from the Nordiska Spelen held in östersund, Sweden, three weeks before. Why did this group travel to St. Petersburg from Virolahti, and how was their presence in Russia significant to their compatriots watching the race? What impact did this ski race have on Vasil’ev, who published a memoir about it in 1950 at the behest of the Stalinist regime during the depths of the Cold War? This paper analyzes the various strata embedded in Vasil’ev’s narrative: his mental process during the ski race; how this experience determined Vasil’ev’s future expertise as a master wax technician; the important historical context of 1913; and how the USSR manipulated the story to promote its return to international competition at the 1952 Olympics.