bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Your Network Make You Happy? Entrepreneurs’ Business Network Utilization and Subjective Well‐being
Authors: Newman Alexander , Mole Kevin F. , Ucbasaran Deniz , Subramanian Nachiappan , Lockett Andy 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe draw on the conservation of resources theory to examine whether self‐efficacy and resilience mediate the relationship between entrepreneurs’ business network utilization and their subjective well‐being. Using socioemotional selectivity theory, we then examine the extent to which the mediating effects become stronger as entrepreneurs age. An analysis of data collected from 335 entrepreneurs in India reveals that business networks help entrepreneurs build resilience and self‐efficacy, which contribute to subjective well‐being. Furthermore, we find that the relationship between business network utilization and subjective well‐being strengthens as entrepreneurs age. Our findings attest to the importance of understanding how contextual resources in entrepreneurs’ work environments influence their subjective well‐being by enhancing their personal psychological resources.
Estimating the Cost of Providing Foundational Public Health Services
Authors: Mamaril Cezar Brian C. , Mays Glen P. , Branham Douglas Keith , Bekemeier Betty , Marlowe Justin , Timsina Lava 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveTo estimate the cost of resources required to implement a set of Foundational Public Health Services (FPHS) as recommended by the Institute of Medicine.Study DesignA stochastic simulation model was used to generate probability distributions of input and output costs across 11 FPHS domains. We used an implementation attainment scale to estimate costs of fully implementing FPHS.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsWe use data collected from a diverse cohort of 19 public health agencies located in three states that implemented the FPHS cost estimation methodology in their agencies during 2014–2015.Principal FindingsThe average agency incurred costs of $48 per capita implementing FPHS at their current attainment levels with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 16 percent. Achieving full FPHS implementation would require $82 per capita (CV=19 percent), indicating an estimated resource gap of $34 per capita.ConclusionsSubstantial variation in costs exists across communities in resources currently devoted to implementing FPHS, with even larger variation in resources needed for full attainment. Reducing geographic inequities in FPHS may require novel financing mechanisms and delivery models that allow health agencies to have robust roles within the health system and realize a minimum package of public health services for the nation.
The Impact of Enhanced Critical Care Training and 24/7 (Tele‐ICU) Support on Medicare Spending and Postdischarge Utilization Patterns
Authors: Trombley Matthew J. , Hassol Andrea , Lloyd Jennifer T. , Buchman Timothy G. , Marier Allison F. , White Alan , Colligan Erin 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveTo estimate the effect of implementing a tele‐ICU and a critical care residency training program for advanced practice providers on service utilization and total Medicare episode spending.Data Sources/Study SettingsMedicare claims data for fee‐for‐service beneficiaries at 12 large, inpatient hospitals in the Atlanta Hospital Referral Region.Study DesignDifference‐in‐differences design where changes in spending and utilization for Medicare beneficiaries eligible for treatment in participating ICUs was compared to changes in a comparison group of clinically similar beneficiaries treated at similar hospitals’ ICUs in the same hospital referral region.Extraction MethodsUsing Medicare claims data from January 2010 through June 2015, we defined measures of Medicare episode spending during the ICU stay and subsequent 60 days after discharge, and utilization measures within 30 and 60 days after discharge.Principal FindingsImplementation of the advanced practice provider residency program and tele‐ICU was associated with a significant reduction in average Medicare spending per episode, primarily driven by reduced readmissions within 60 days and substitution of home health care for institutional postacute care.ConclusionsInnovations in workforce training and technology specific to the ICU may be useful in addressing the shortage of intensivist physicians, yielding benefits to patients and payers.
Digital Stratigraphy: Contextual Analysis of File System Traces in Forensic Science
Authors: Casey Eoghan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis work introduces novel methods for conducting forensic analysis of file allocation traces, collectively called digital stratigraphy. These in‐depth forensic analysis methods can provide insight into the origin, composition, distribution, and time frame of strata within storage media. Using case examples and empirical studies, this paper illuminates the successes, challenges, and limitations of digital stratigraphy. This study also shows how understanding file allocation methods can provide insight into concealment activities and how real‐world computer usage can complicate digital stratigraphy. Furthermore, this work explains how forensic analysts have misinterpreted traces of normal file system behavior as indications of concealment activities. This work raises awareness of the value of taking the overall context into account when analyzing file system traces. This work calls for further research in this area and for forensic tools to provide necessary information for such contextual analysis, such as highlighting mass deletion, mass copying, and potential backdating.
Biorefining of platinum group metals from model waste solutions into catalytically active bimetallic nanoparticles
Authors: Murray Angela J. , Zhu Ju , Wood Joe , Macaskie Lynne E. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryBacteria can fabricate platinum group metal (PGM) catalysts cheaply, a key consideration of industrial processes and waste decontaminations. Biorecovery of PGMs from wastes is promising but PGM leachates made from metallic scraps are acidic. A two‐step biosynthesis ‘pre‐seeds’ metallic deposits onto bacterial cells benignly; chemical reduction of subsequent metal from acidic solution via the seeds makes bioscaffolded nanoparticles (NPs). Cells of Escherichia coli were seeded using Pd(II) or Pt(IV) and exposed to a mixed Pd(II)/Pt(IV) model solution under H2 to make bimetallic catalyst. Its catalytic activity was assessed in the reduction of Cr(VI), with 2 wt% or 5 wt% preloading of Pd giving the best catalytic activity, while 1 wt% seeds gave a poorer catalyst. Use of Pt seeds gave less effective catalyst in the final bimetallic catalyst, attributed to fewer and larger initial seeds as shown by electron microscopy, which also showed a different pattern of Pd and Pt deposition. Bimetallic catalyst (using cells preloaded with 2 wt% Pd) was used in the hydrogenation of soybean oil which was enhanced by ~fourfold using the bimetallic catalyst made from a model waste solution as compared to 2 wt% Pd preloaded cells alone, with a similar selectivity to cis C18:1 product as found using a Pd‐Al2O3 commercial catalyst.
Simulation of Paleotectonic Stress Fields and Distribution Prediction of Tectonic Fractures at the Hudi Coal Mine, Qinshui Basin
Authors: FANG Huihuang , SANG Shuxun , WANG Jilin , LIU Shiqi , JU Wei 
Published: December 2017

AbstractStudy on tectonic fractures based on the inversion of tectonic stress fields is an effective method. In this study, a geological model was set up based on geological data from the Hudi Coal Mine, Qinshui Basin, a mechanical model was established under the condition of rock mechanics and geostress, and the finite element method was used to simulate the paleotectonic stress field. Based on the Griffith and Mohr‐Coulomb criterion, the distribution of tectonic fractures in the Shanxi Formation during the Indosinian, Yanshanian, and Himalayan period can be predicted with the index of comprehensive rupture rate. The results show that the acting force of the Pacific Plate and the India Plate to the North China Plate formed the direction of principal stress is N‐S, NW ‐ SE, and NE ‐ SW, respectively, in different periods in the study area. Changes in the direction and strength of the acting force led to the regional gradients of tectonic stress magnitude, which resulted in an asymmetrical distribution state of the stress conditions in different periods. It is suggested that the low‐stress areas are mainly located in the fault zones and extend along the direction of the fault zones. Furthermore, the high‐stress areas are located in the junction of fold belts and the binding site of multiple folds. The development of tectonic fractures was affected by the distribution of stress intensity and the tectonic position of folds and faults, which resulted in some developed areas with level I and II. There are obvious differences in the development of tectonic fractures in the fold and fault zones and the anticline and syncline structure at the same fold zones. The tectonic fractures of the Shanxi Formation during the Himalayan period are more developed than those during the Indosinian and Yanshanian period due to the superposition of the late tectonic movement to the early tectonic movement and the differences in the magnitude and direction of stress intensity.
p.X654R IDUA variant among Thai individuals with intermediate mucopolysaccharidosis type I and its residual activity as demonstrated in COS‐7 cells
Authors: Ngiwsara Lukana , Ketudat‐Cairns James R. , Sawangareetrakul Phannee , Charoenwattanasatien Ratana , Champattanachai Voraratt , Kuptanon Chulaluck , Pangkanon Suthipong , Tim‐Aroon Thipwimol , Wattanasirichaigoon Duangrurdee , Svasti Jisnuson 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundMucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a rare autosomal‐recessive disorder caused by defects in alpha‐L‐iduronidase (IDUA), a lysosomal enzyme encoded by the IDUA gene. Herein, we characterized IDUA mutations underlying mucopolysaccharidosis type I intermediate form (Hurler–Scheie syndrome) and its molecular pathogenic mechanisms.MethodsClinical data, activity of the IDUA enzyme in leukocytes, and a mutation of the IDUA gene were analyzed. Pathogenesis associated with an IDUA mutation was further investigated by evaluating the mutant cDNA sequence, protein expression and activity in COS‐7 cells.ResultsFive unrelated patients were identified to have clinical diagnosis of intermediate form of MPS I (Hurler–Scheie) and exhibited low‐to‐absent levels of leukocyte IDUA activity. Genetic analysis revealed homozygous c.*1T>C (p.X654R) mutation in two patients and compound heterozygosity between the c.*1T>C and another allele including c.265G>A (p.R89Q), c.935G>A (p.W312X), or c.1138 C>T (p.Q380X), each in a single patient. Sequencing the 3′RACE product of the c.*1T>C (p.X654R) allele indicated a 38‐amino acids elongation of the mutant protein. COS‐7 cells expressing IDUA with the mutations exhibited extremely low levels or complete absence of enzyme activity compared to wild‐type IDUA. Western blot analysis detected no protein in p.W312X and p.Q380X samples, while an elevated molecular mass and a different pattern of protein bands were found in p.X654R specimen compared with the wild type IDUA.ConclusionsMutational spectrum underlying intermediate MPS I is expanded. Our data suggest that the p.X654R is an intermediate IDUA mutant allele with residual enzyme activity. It can lead to intermediate or milder form of MPS I depending on another associated allele.
The association of RAR‐related orphan receptor A (RORA) gene polymorphisms with the risk of asthma
Authors: Cai Xulong , Lin Mali , Cao Shan , Liu Yunguang , Lin Na 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAsthma is a common, heterogeneous chronic respiratory disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the airway, airway hyperreactivity, and airway remodeling. The RAR‐related orphan receptor A (RORA) gene has been identified for the pathogenesis of asthma. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between RORA gene polymorphisms and asthma susceptibility in the Chinese Zhuang population. This was a case–control study including 231 children with asthma and 343 healthy controls. The RORA gene polymorphisms were measured by the polymerase chain reaction–ligase detection reaction genotyping assays and confirmed by sequencing. The distribution of the genotype frequencies of the RORA rs11071559 C>T was significantly different in the group of cases and the healthy children (P < 0.05). By haplotype analyses, the haplotype TT (rs7164773/rs11071559) was statistically significant between asthmatics and nonasthmatics, but the association was not significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Our results provided evidence that the RORA rs11071559C>T polymorphism was associated with an elevated susceptibility to pediatric asthma in the Chinese Zhuang population.
“From One Shore to the Other”: Other Revolutions in the Interstices of the Revolution
Authors: Tazzioli Martina 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis interview with Imed Soltani and Federica Sossi focuses on the campaign of the families of the missing Tunisian migrants, “From One Shore to the Other: Lives that Matter”. The campaign started in 2011 to demand that Italian and Tunisian institutions be held accountable for the disappearance of young Tunisian migrants who crossed the Mediterranean to Italy. The campaign brought together the families of Tunisian migrants and the Italian feminist collective “Le Venticinqueundici” as part of a migration struggle that involves the entire region but is rarely taken up as a cross‐shore militant campaign. The conversation between Soltani and Sossi illustrates the strengths of the campaign and the difficulties that arose in running it across shores, and offers a theoretical reflection on the notion of political recognition in an effort to decolonise the gaze on what counts as political subjectivity and political struggle.
Effect of chopping time and heating on 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and rheological behavior of meat batter matrix
Authors: Zhou Fen , Dong Hui , Shao Jun‐Hua , Zhang Jun‐Long , Liu Deng‐Yong 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe effect of chopping time and heating on physicochemical properties of meat batters was investigated by low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance and rheology technology. Cooking loss and L* increased while texture profile analysis index decreased between chopping 5 and 6 min. The relaxation time T21 (bound water) and its peak area ratio decreased, while the ratio of T22 peak area (immobilized water) in raw meat batters gradually increased with the extension of chopping time. However, T22 was opposite after being heated and a new component T23 (free water) appeared (T2i is the spin – spin relaxation time for the ith component.). The initial damping factor (Tan δ) gradually decreased and there were significant difference between 4 and 5 min of chopping time. There were significantly positive correlations between the ratio of peak area of T22 and chopping time, the storage modulus (G′), cooking loss, and L*, respectively. Continued chopping time could improve the peak area proportion of T22 in raw meat batters. Further, the higher the peak area proportion of T22 in raw meat batters, the cooking loss of heated meat gel was higher. Also, the stronger the mobility of immobilized water in meat batter, the higher the L* of the fresh meat batters. Thus, it is revealed that the physicochemical properties of meat batter are significantly influenced by chopping time which further affects the water holding capacity and the texture of emulsification gel.
β‐adrenergic Receptor Blocker ICI 118,551 Selectively Increases Intermediate‐Conductance Calcium‐Activated Potassium Channel (IKCa)‐Mediated Relaxations in Rat Main Mesenteric Artery
Authors: Ozkan Melike Hacer , Uma Serdar 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEndothelial IKCa and/or SKCa channels play an important role in the control of vascular tone by participating in endothelium‐dependent relaxation. Whether β‐AR antagonists, mainly used in hypertension, affect endothelial KCa channel function is unknown. In this study, we examined the effect of the β2‐AR antagonist and inverse agonist ICI 118,551 on the IKCa/SKCa channel activity by assessing functional relaxation responses to several agonists that stimulate these channels. Mesenteric arterial rings isolated from male Sprague Dawley mounted to organ baths. Acetylcholine elicited IKCa‐ and SKCa‐mediated relaxations that were abolished by TRAM‐34 and apamin, respectively. ICI 118,551, which did not dilate the arteries per se, increased the IKCa‐mediated relaxations, whereas SKCa‐mediated relaxations remained unaltered. Same potentiating effect was also detected on the IKCa‐mediated relaxations to carbachol and A23187, but not to NS309. Neither acetylcholine‐induced nitric oxide‐mediated relaxations nor SNP relaxations changed with ICI 118,551. The PKA inhibitor KT‐5720, the selective β2‐AR agonist salbutamol, the selective β2‐AR antagonist butoxamine, the non‐selective β‐AR antagonist propranolol, and the inverse agonists carvedilol or nadolol failed to affect the IKCa‐mediated relaxations. ICI 118,551‐induced increase was not reversed by salbutamol or propranolol as well. Besides, low potassium‐induced relaxations in endothelium‐removed arteries remained the same in the presence of ICI 118,551. These data demonstrate a previously unrecognized action of ICI 118,551, the ability to potentiate endothelial IKCa channel‐mediated vasodilation, through a mechanism independent of β2‐AR antagonistic or inverse agonistic action. Instead, the enhancement of acetylcholine relaxation seems likely to occur by a mechanism secondary to endothelial calcium increase.
Tanshinones that selectively block the collagenase activity of cathepsin K provide a novel class of ectosteric antiresorptive agents for bone
Authors: Panwar Preety , Law Simon , Jamroz Andrew , Azizi Pouya , Zhang Dongwei , Ciufolini Marco , Brömme Dieter 
Published: December 2017

Background and PurposeAttempts to generate active site‐directed cathepsin K (CatK) inhibitors for the treatment of osteoporosis have failed because of side effects. We have previously shown that an ectosteric tanshinone CatK inhibitor isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza blocked, selectively, the collagenase activity of CatK, without affecting the active site and demonstrated its bone‐preserving activity in vivo. Here, we have characterize the antiresorptive potential of other tanshinones, which may provide a scaffold for side effect‐free CatK inhibitors.Experimental ApproachThirty‐one tanshinones were tested for their activity against CatK in enzymic and cell‐based assays. The inhibitory potency against triple helical and fibrillar collagen degradation was determined in enzymic assays, by scanning electron microscopy and mechanical strength measurements. Human osteoclast assays were used to determine the effects of the inhibitors on bone resorption, its reversibility and osteoclastogenesis. Binding sites were characterized by molecular docking.Key ResultsTwelve compounds showed highly effective anti‐collagenase activity and protected collagen against destruction and mechanical instability without inhibiting the hydrolysis of non‐collagenous substrates. Six compounds were highly effective in osteoclast bone resorption assays with IC50 values of <500 nM. None of these tanshinones had effects on cell viability, reversibility of bone resorption inhibition and osteoclastogenesis. The core pharmacophore of the tanshinones appears to be the three‐ring system with either a para‐ or ortho‐quinone entity.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur study identified several potent ectosteric antiresorptive CatK inhibitors from the medicinal plant, S. miltiorrhiza, which may avoid side effects seen with active site‐directed inhibitors in clinical trials.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibition attenuates acute lung injury through reduction in NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species
Authors: Nadeem A , Al-Harbi N O , Ahmad S F , Ibrahim K E , Siddiqui N , Al-Harbi M M 
Published: December 2017

Summary
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a heterogeneous disease with the hallmarks of alveolar capillary membrane injury, increased pulmonary oedema and pulmonary inflammation. The most common direct aetiological factor for ALI is usually parenchymal lung infection or haemorrhage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX2) are thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of ALI. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) plays an important role both in production of ROS as well as their removal through the supply of NADPH. However, how G6PD modulation affects NOX2-mediated ROS in the airway epithelial cells (AECs) during acute lung injury has not been explored previously. Therefore, we investigated the effect of G6PD inhibitor, 6-aminonicotinamide on G6PD activity, NOX2 expression, ROS production and enzymatic anti-oxidants in AECs in a mouse model of ALI induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ALI led to increased G6PD activity in the AECs with concomitant elevation of NOX2, ROS, SOD1 and nitrotyrosine. G6PD inhibitor led to reduction of LPS-induced airway inflammation, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein concentration as well as NOX2-derived ROS and subsequent oxidative stress. Conversely, ALI led to decreased glutathione reductase activity in AECs, which was normalized by G6PD inhibitor. These data show that activation of G6PD is associated with enhancement of oxidative inflammation in during ALI. Therefore, inhibition of G6PD might be a beneficial strategy during ALI to limit oxidative damage and ameliorate airway inflammation.
Have cash transfers succeeded in reaching the poor in Latin America and the Caribbean?
Authors: Robles Marcos , Rubio Marcela G. , Stampini Marco 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe present original estimates of the quality of targeting of conditional cash transfer (CCT) and non‐contributory pension (NCP) programmes in Latin America and the Caribbean. Our contribution is novel because we use both national and international poverty lines; provide differentiated estimates for urban and rural areas; and compare theCCTandNCPprogrammes. We show that leakage to the non‐poor coexists with pervasive under‐coverage of all poor, including the extreme poor. On average, theCCTs cover only 50.5% of the extreme poor in households with children under 18 years of age. Similarly, theNCPs cover only 50.9% of the extreme poor in households with elderly members who do not receive a contributory pension. At the same time, 40.4% ofCCTbeneficiaries and 50.1% ofNCPbeneficiaries are not poor, highlighting the potential need for re‐targeting and re‐certification. In most countries, re‐targeting could produce a substantial double benefit in terms of poverty reduction and fiscal savings.