bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Secretoneurin in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure: Data from the FINNALI Study
Authors: Myhre Peder L , Ottesen Anett H , Okkonen Marjatta , Linko Rita , Stridsberg Mats , Nygård Ståle , Christensen Geir , Pettilä Ville , Omland Torbjørn , Røsjø Helge 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
We examined whether secretoneurin (SN), a biomarker associated with cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling, provides prognostic information in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).

METHODS
We included 490 patients with ARF, defined as ventilatory support &gt;6 h, with blood samples available on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). SN concentrations were measured by RIA.

RESULTS
A total of 209 patients (43%) were hospitalized with cardiovascular (CV)-related ARF, and 90-day mortality rates were comparable between CV- and non–CV-related ARF (n = 281): 31% vs 24%, P = 0.11. Admission SN concentrations were higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors in both CV-related (median 148 [quartile 1–3, 117–203] vs 108 [87–143] pmol/L, P &lt; 0.001) and non–CV-related ARF (139 [115–184] vs 113 [91–139] pmol/L, P &lt; 0.001). In patients with CV-related ARF, SN concentrations on ICU admission were associated with 90-day mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.97 (95% CI, 1.04–3.73, P = 0.04)] after adjusting for established risk indices, including N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations. SN also improved patient classification in CV-related ARF as assessed by the net reclassification index: 0.32 (95% CI, 0.04–0.59), P = 0.03. The area under the curve (AUC) of SN to predict mortality in patients with CV-related ARF was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.65–0.79), and the AUC of NT-proBNP was 0.64 (0.56–0.73). In contrast, SN concentrations on ICU admission did not provide incremental prognostic value to established risk indices in patients with non–CV-related ARF, and the AUC was 0.67 (0.60–0.75).

CONCLUSIONS
SN concentrations measured on ICU admission provided incremental prognostic information to established risk indices in patients with CV-related ARF, but not in patients with non–CV-related ARF.
Activity Limitations in Brazilian Institutionalized Older Adults
Authors: Jerez-Roig Javier , de Medeiros Jéssica Fernandes , do Nascimento Moreira Fidélis Kalyne , de Lima Filho Bartolomeu Fagundes , de Oliveira Nayara Priscila Dantas , Paes de Andrade Fabienne Louise Juvêncio , de Brito Macedo Ferreira Lidiane Maria , Leandro Bezerra Souza Dyego , Costa Lima Kenio 
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose:
Although functional assessments and programs to prevent activity limitations are fundamental for efficient geriatric evaluations and interventions, these procedures have not been satisfactorily explored at nursing homes in Brazil. Literature is scarce on the evaluation of disability in Brazilian institutionalized older people.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 nursing homes in the city of Natal (Northeast Brazil). Sociodemographic and health data were collected and activity limitations were assessed by the Katz Index.

Results and Discussion:
The prevalence of activity limitations was 72.9% (95% confidence interval: 67.8-77.5) and the most affected activity was “bathing” (71.6%), followed by “dressing” (65.4%) and “toileting” (62.0%). The final model revealed associations with private (for-profit) institutions (odds ratio [OR] = 3.33; P < .001), age ≥ 83 years (OR = 2.34; P = .003), institutionalization due to lack of caregiver (OR = 1.80; P = .033), and presence of osteoporosis (OR = 2.94; P = .045), adjusted by sex.

Conclusions:
Activity limitations affected almost 73% of institutionalized older people in this sample and were associated with private nursing homes, age, osteoporosis, and institutionalization due to lack of caregiver. Activity limitations exact high socioeconomic impacts and affect the quality of life of older people. The results obtained herein emphasized the importance of planning strategies for their prevention and treatment, directed to reduce the prevalence of this health issue.
Complex Locomotion Behavior Changes Are Induced in Caenorhabditis elegans by the Lack of the Regulatory Leak K+ Channel TWK-7
Authors: Lüersen Kai , Gottschling Dieter-Christian , Döring Frank 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The change of locomotion activity in response to external cues is a considerable achievement of animals and is required for escape responses, foraging, and other complex behaviors. Little is known about the molecular regulators of such an adaptive locomotion. The conserved eukaryotic two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels have been recognized as regulatory K+ channels that modify the membrane potential of cells, thereby affecting, e.g., rhythmic muscle activity. By using the Caenorhabditis elegans system combined with cell-type-specific approaches and locomotion in-depth analyses, here, we found that the loss of K2P channel TWK-7 increases the locomotor activity of worms during swimming and crawling in a coordinated mode. Moreover, loss of TWK-7 function results in a hyperactive state that (although less pronounced) resembles the fast, persistent, and directed forward locomotion behavior of stimulated C. elegans. TWK-7 is expressed in several head neurons as well as in cholinergic excitatory and GABAergic inhibitory motor neurons. Remarkably, the abundance of TWK-7 in excitatory B-type and inhibitory D-type motor neurons affected five central aspects of adaptive locomotion behavior: velocity/frequency, wavelength/amplitude, direction, duration, and straightness. Hence, we suggest that TWK-7 activity might represent a means to modulate a complex locomotion behavior at the level of certain types of motor neurons.
Repeated Duplication of Argonaute2 Is Associated with Strong Selection and Testis Specialization in Drosophila
Authors: Lewis Samuel H , Webster Claire L , Salmela Heli , Obbard Darren J 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Argonaute2 (Ago2) is a rapidly evolving nuclease in the Drosophila melanogaster RNA interference (RNAi) pathway that targets viruses and transposable elements in somatic tissues. Here we reconstruct the history of Ago2 duplications across the D. obscura group and use patterns of gene expression to infer new functional specialization. We show that some duplications are old, shared by the entire species group, and that losses may be common, including previously undetected losses in the lineage leading to D. pseudoobscura. We find that while the original (syntenic) gene copy has generally retained the ancestral ubiquitous expression pattern, most of the novel Ago2 paralogs have independently specialized to testis-specific expression. Using population genetic analyses, we show that most testis-specific paralogs have significantly lower genetic diversity than the genome-wide average. This suggests recent positive selection in three different species, and model-based analyses provide strong evidence of recent hard selective sweeps in or near four of the six D. pseudoobscura Ago2 paralogs. We speculate that the repeated evolution of testis specificity in obscura group Ago2 genes, combined with their dynamic turnover and strong signatures of adaptive evolution, may be associated with highly derived roles in the suppression of transposable elements or meiotic drive. Our study highlights the lability of RNAi pathways, even within well-studied groups such as Drosophila, and suggests that strong selection may act quickly after duplication in RNAi pathways, potentially giving rise to new and unknown RNAi functions in nonmodel species.
Use of Dental Volumetric Tomography for Dental Phenotyping In Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Murillo DDS, MSc Gina , Cob DDS Carla , Mena DDS Natalia , Valverde DDS Angie , Barrantes DDS Belén , Berrocal DDS, OMR Ana , Silva MQC, MSc Sandra 
Published: August 2016

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) describes often severe, largely Mendelian biomineralisation defects of tooth enamel. AI enamel can be abnormally thin, soft, fragile, pitted and/or badly discoloured, resulting in major morbidity as patients have difficulty maintaining oral hygiene, experience low self-esteem due to poor aesthetics and report an inferior quality-of-life. Improved understanding of biomineralisation defects in AI would assist in clinical management of AI patients. Dental Volumetric Tomography (DVT, commonly known as Cone Beam CT scanning) is a diagnostic X ray based methodology that produces three -dimensional anatomical images of the skeletal tissues (including the teeth). The aim of this study was to investigate the use of DVT to provide detailed dental anatomy associated with AI. A Morita Veraviewpocs 3D R 100 was used to generate high definition 3D digital images of the maxillae of eight AI-affected volunteers (ethics approval N 440–B2-334 U.C.R.). Pulpal calcifications of varying size, Dens in Vaginitus, dental cysts, root fractures, retained teeth and anomalies in the position of the mandibular canal were all common findings. The data also revealed enamel surface irregularities in an unerupted tooth. In conclusion, use of DVT in AI would facilitate phenotyping by providing identification of dental/oral defects with greater accuracy and definition compared with conventional panoramic radiographs. The data could also be used to aid diagnostics, e.g. by permitting discrimination between hypoplastic enamel (diminished enamel volume) and hypomineralized enamel (failure of normal biomineralization). However, given the high costs associated with DVT and the radiation risks for individual patients, it is best indicated as a research tool for academic and clinical research proposes.
VISCOSITY OF TERNARY SOLUTIONS COMPOSED OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL, ETHANOL AND WATER
Authors: Khliyeva O. Ya. , Nikulina A. S. , Polyuganich M. P. , Ryabikin S. S. , Zhelezny V. P. 
Published: August 2016

This paper presents the experimental data on the kinematic viscosity of water / ethanol / propylene glycol solutions that are prospective as coolants. An experimental setup with capillary viscometers was used to measure the kinematic viscosity of samples in the temperature range from 243K to 303K and in the wide range of mass fractions of components. Experimental uncertainty of the obtained experimental data does not exceed 0.4 %. Solutions compositions were chosen according to needs of the refrigeration industry in order to provide a possibility of their application at temperatures 233 K and higher. The new model for prediction of the kinematic viscosity of coolants within wide interval of reduced temperatures 0.1 ≤ ≤ 0.6 ( is the pseudocritical temperature) based on the limited experimental data both for pure substances and aqueous solutions of mono- and polyalcohols is presented in paper.
Suçların Aydınlatılmasında CSI Etkisi
Authors: Yakupoğlu Aylin , Çalıcı Can , Ziyalar Neylan 
Published: August 2016

Objective: This research is aimed to evaluate the impact of CSI series on Criminal Justice Professional’s attitudes and behaviour and how these programs effecting public. From this point of view criminal justice professionals are expected to respond questions about, how this kind of dramas and programs guided potential criminals, reflected the practice of forensic science and directed the public expectation regarding performing their professions.Material and Methods: A survey has been conducted to 266 participants, who are working as crime scene investigation specialists, criminal courts judges, public prosecutors, lawyers, law enforcement personnel and forensic specialists, to reveal their perceptions. Gained data has been analyzed statistically by using SPSS (Version 20.0).Findings: According to some results of the research; 1 out of every 2 participants are following CSI series. only 3 out of every 10 participants expressed that these kind of series have positive effects on their professional practices, more than half of the participants agreed that crime dramas are effecting criminal behaviour and creating trained perpetrators. Also 1 out of every 2 participants believe that the perpetrators are attentive to leave fewer evidence because of these programs.Results: CSI series are not reflecting forensic techniques and methods as what it’s supposed to be in real life. Due to the raise of public interest in forensic sciences because of these dramas people changed their expectation about criminal justice mechanism which can be cause misperceptions on citizens who face with investigation and prosecution processes for the first timeKeywords: CSI Effect; Crime Scene Investigation; Forensic Techniques and Methods
Adana’da Suça Sürüklenen Çocukların Sosyodemografik Özellikleri
Authors: Fırat Sunay , İltaş Yiğit , Gülmen Mete Korkut 
Published: August 2016

Introduction: There are a variety of risk factors which push children to delinquency. Personal and familial difficulties experienced by the children during the adolescence period, negative effects of intensive and uncontrolled migrations on the children and their families, inappropriate peer relationships of children, low socio-economic status of children and their families and their illiteracy, usage of alcohol and/or drugs by the children are some of these factors. In this study, socio-demographic date of children pushed to delinquency, their family traits, types of their crimes, age of committing crimes and the fact that whether they commit crime alone or with the participation of more than one person, their migration status for their vicinities have been put forward statistically.Materials and Methods :Data belonging to children between 0 and 18 ages who have come or have been made to come to 1, 2, 3 Numbered Juvenile Courts of Adana Court House as of January 2004 with the claim of their committing crime and data (information in court decisions and Social Study Report (SSR) that are demanded by court decision) about children who have been sent/have applied to Provincial Directorate for National Education because of injunctions by court decision have been evaluated retrospectively.Results: Out of 258 children in our study, 225 was male (87.2%) and 33 (12.8%) was female; average age of these children pushed to delinquency was 13 years 4 months ±2.20 (min: 5 years 8 months, max:17 years 9 months). 45% of children have committed crime against property; 23.3% against people; 3% committed terror crime. 27.5% of children have been put under protection due to their working in the streets. It is found that there is a meaningful relationship between crime types of children pushed to crime and migration status of the families of the children (p=0.028).Discussion: Socio-demographic features which may affect delinquency directly or indirectly according to us have been aimed to be shown in our study. Protective and supportive precautions can be taken for children pushed to delinquency within the scope of child protection law in our country. Reasons of delinquency, prevention ways and studies to reintroduce these children to the society are primary issues for all societies. As a consequence, stating the risk factors belonging to family, school, society and the child for the prevention of delinquency and finding solutions for these facts are needed.Keywords: juvenile delinquency; risk factors; epidemiology; socio-demographic characteristics
LEITURA E ESCRITA EM AMBIENTES VIRTUAIS DE APRENDIZAGEM: O PAPEL DA MEDIAÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA NESSE CONTEXTO
Authors: Rigo Rosa Maria , Vitória Maria Inês Côrte 
Published: August 2016

Este artigo objetiva apresentar resultados parciais coletados no projeto de extensão denominado Comunidade Virtual Espiritualidade na Educação. A presente experiência foi realizada na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), na modalidade totalmente a distância, utilizando a Plataforma Moodle. O projeto foi organizado para acontecer em oito módulos, totalizando 64 horas. Foi oferecido a 115 professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de diversos estados e países de latino-americanos, cuja inscrição foi opcional, interessados no tema proposto. Trata-se de um estudo interpretativo, de abordagem qualitativa, em que foram analisados excertos acerca da mediação pedagógica e os resultados desta nas leituras e na produção da escrita. O instrumento de análise das escritas foi as postagens especificamente registradas no diário de bordo dos participantes. O diário é um documento em que o autor dialoga consigo mesmo, analisando percursos, revendo posicionamentos. Esse espaço tem como objetivo também permitir ao participante registrar suas impressões sobre qualquer assunto. Especificamente, neste trabalho, o objetivo foi obter um posicionamento particular do professor participante, compartilhado apenas com o professor e o tutor. Os pressupostos teóricos escolhidos para refletir partem dos autores Nóvoa (1992), Palloff e Pratt (2013) e Souza (2003), dentre outros, pela relação de aproximação com o objeto do estudo. Desse modo, a investigação assume a seguinte problemática: de que maneira a mediação pedagógica atua sobre os processos de leitura e escrita em contextos virtuais de aprendizagem e como ambos podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional dos professores participantes? Palavras-chave: Mediação pedagógica. Leitura e escrita. Ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem.
FERRAMENTAS DA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: A VISÃO DO TUTOR
Authors: Ferreira Rosemeire Spedine Lopes , De Almeida Michele Cristina Rodrigues , Zucon Luis Henrique , Tenório Thaís , Tenório André 
Published: August 2016

A visão de um grupo de tutores sobre algumas das ferramentas da Educação a Distância foi investigada. Nove dos dez tutores de uma instituição privada de ensino superior do Estado de São Paulo responderam a questões sobre o ambiente virtual de aprendizagem, o fórum, a videoconferência, o bate-papo, o portfólio, o blog e o telefone. Segundo os pesquisados, a ação tutorial depende de um ambiente bem elaborado. O ambiente virtual de aprendizagem foi apontado como essencial à Educação a Distância, e o Moodle, citado como a plataforma mais conhecida. O bate papo foi considerado a forma preferida de comunicação entre tutor e aluno, sucedido por fórum, telefone e videoconferência. O blog e o portfólio figuraram como instrumentos pouco explorados. O primeiro era empregado por apenas um tutor, porque para os demais o ambiente virtual de aprendizagem torná-lo-ia desnecessário. O portfólio foi descrito como um recurso de uso esporádico. A Wikipédia e o GoogleDocs não eram aproveitados pelos tutores. Palavras-chave: Tutoria. Ferramentas da Educação a Distância. Ambiente virtual de aprendizagem.
TEORIAS, LEGISLAÇÃO, QUALIDADE E EXPECTATIVAS DO ALUNO: REFLEXÕES TEORICAS SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA.
Authors: Borges Valmir Sales , Brandão Susany Sales 
Published: August 2016

As teorias educacionais, para a aplicação no dia a dia se faz preciso considerar aspectos individuais tais como: idade, grupo social, formação anterior, religião, valores, emoções e outras variáveis que possam influenciar no ensino aprendizagem. A educação à distância possui vantagens e desvantagens, pontos que podem se inverter a depender da necessidade, do grau de instrução, do empenho e do projeto pedagógico. O presente estudo teórico, tem como objetivo principal, traçar um panorama da Educação a Distância no Brasil, tendo como objetivos específicos: Conceituar teorias educacionais; Evidenciar a legislação vigente; Analisar as vantagens e as desvantagens; Discorrer sobre fundamentos básicos para a Gestão Acadêmica e Administrativa.O estudo evidenciou que o projeto pedagógico para EAD precisa ter foco principal na interatividade, apodera-se do Empirismo, para privilegiar a experiência e a percepção, do Behaviorismo, quando utilizada para pessoas com personalidades formadas e, portanto busca ampliar conhecimento técnico; noConstrutivismo, por ter fococentralnosujeitonaproduçãodosaber. Também naconcepçãointeracionista,a qual preconiza que oconhecimentoéconstruídopelo indivíduodurantetodaasuavida. Já percepção da qualidade na educação carece de observação e mensuração em diversos fatores. Tais avaliações possibilitam ao gestor manter o foco principal na satisfação do indivíduo enquanto aluno perpetuação da instituição. Quanto ao aluno, deve está disposto a ler, buscar conteúdos complementares, participar do grupo, saber usar computador e ter acesso à internet, e outras virtudes positivas, ou seja, assumir a responsabilidade de ser parte ativa da sua formação.Palavras-chaveEducação à distância. Vantagens e desvantagens. Gestão. Qualidade.
Análise biométrica de frutos e sementes de Bauhinia forficata L.
Authors: Dutra Fabrício Vieira , Cardoso Adriana Dias , Souza Bruna Aparecida Madureira de , Bandeira Arlete Da Silva , Morais Otoniel Magalhães 
Published: August 2016

<p>Estudos relacionados aos aspectos biométricos de frutos e sementes são importantes devido à necessidade na identificação e diferenciação da espécie. A partir da caracterização biométrica de frutos é possível obter informações para a conservação e exploração da espécie, e constitui um instrumento fundamental para detectar a variabilidade entre indivíduos em uma determinada área. Dessa forma, objetivou-se caracterizar biometricamente frutos e sementes de <em>Bauhinia forficata</em> L. de plantas provenientes do município de Vitória da Conquista, BA. Para isso foram selecionados aleatoriamente 30 frutos e 100 sementes, os quais foram medidos com o auxílio de um paquímetro digital (0,01mm), determinando-se comprimento e diâmetro de frutos e sementes. Os frutos de <em>Bauhinia forficata </em>L<em>,</em> provenientes do município de Vitória da Conquista, apresentaram variação nas suas dimensões biométricas e na massa fresca do fruto indicando potencial de seleção da espécie estudada. </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Biometric analysis of fruits and seeds of Bauhinia forficata </em></strong><strong>L.</strong></p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Studies related to biometric aspects of fruits and seeds are important because of the need to identify and differentiate the species. From the fruits of biometric characterization it is possible to obtain information for the conservation and exploitation of the species, and is a key instrument to detect the variability between individuals in a given area. Thus, this study aimed to characterize biometrically fruits and seeds of Bauhinia L. forficata from the city of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. To this were 30 randomly selected fruits and 100 seeds, which were measured with the aid of a caliper (0.01 mm), determining the length and diameter of fruits and seeds. The fruits of Bauhinia forficata L, from the city of Vitoria da Conquista, showed variations in their biometric dimensions and fresh fruit mass indicating potential of the studied species selection.<strong></strong></p>