bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High mortality in diabetic recipients of high KDPI deceased donor kidneys
Authors: Pelletier Ronald P. , Pesavento Todd E. , Rajab Amer , Henry Mitchell L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundDeceased donor (DD) kidney quality is determined by calculating the Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI). Optimizing high KDPI (≥85%) DD transplant outcome is challenging. This retrospective study was performed to review our high KDPI DD transplant results to identify clinical practices that can improve future outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively calculated the KDPI for 895 DD kidney recipients transplanted between 1/2002 and 11/2013. Age, race, body mass index (BMI), retransplantation, gender, diabetes (DM), dialysis time, and preexisting coronary artery disease (CAD) (previous myocardial infarction (MI), coronary artery bypass (CABG), or stenting) were determined for all recipients.ResultsAbout 29.7% (266/895) of transplants were from donors with a KDPI ≥85%. By Cox regression older age, diabetes, female gender, and dialysis time >4 years correlated with shorter patient survival time. Diabetics with CAD who received a high KDPI donor kidney had a significantly increased risk of death (HR 4.33 (CI 1.82–10.30), P=.001) compared to low KDPI kidney recipients. The Kaplan‐Meier survival curve for diabetic recipients of high KDPI kidneys was significantly worse if they had preexisting CAD (P<.001 by log‐rank test).ConclusionPatient survival using high KDPI donor kidneys may be improved by avoiding diabetic candidates with preexisting CAD.
Role of cationic polarization in humus‐increased soil aggregate stability
Authors: Huang X. R. , Li H. , Li S. , Xiong H. L. , Jiang X. J. 
Published: May 2016

It is well known that humus markedly increases soil aggregate stability, but at the same time strongly decreases the flocculation of clay particles in suspension. These seemingly inconsistent observations suggest the need for a deeper understanding of the physical mechanisms that govern clay–humus interactions. In this research, soil samples from an Entisol were used to explore the role of cationic polarization in humus‐increased soil aggregate stability and sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions were used to characterize weak and strong polarization, respectively. The results showed that strong cationic polarization has a critical role in increased soil aggregate stability in the presence of humus. We concluded that, without cationic polarization, the effects of humus alone on soil aggregate stability were weak in the presence of monovalent metal cations. When we compared the individual contributions of humus and strong cationic polarization, the latter proved much more important than humus in increasing soil aggregate stability. The strongest increase in soil aggregate stability occurred when strong cationic polarization was coupled with humus. The combined analysis of activation energy of soil flocculation in suspension and soil aggregate stability in the presence of humus indicated that humus increased the long‐range electrostatic repulsive force of soil particles, and increased the short‐range attractive force of soil particles. Consequently, humus decreased the flocculation of soil particles in suspension but increased soil aggregate stability; all effects were adjusted by the strength of cationic polarization.Highlights
Elucidation of physical mechanisms of cation–surface interactions that determine clay–humus interactions.
Cations at the particle surface of the clay–humus complex are strongly polarized.
Cationic polarization has a critical role in humus‐increased soil aggregate stability.
Without cationic polarization, the effect of humus alone on soil aggregate stability was weak.
Effect of agricultural practices and coastal constraints on soil microbial functional properties in Mediterranean olive orchards
Authors: Boukhdoud N. , Gros R. , Darwish T. , Farnet Da Silva A. M. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThis research examines how agricultural practices commonly used in Lebanese olive tree orchards (no‐tillage, co‐culture with Vicia sativa L. var. sativa and conventional tillage) affect soil microbial and chemical characteristics, and whether this depends on geographical context (coastal or inland areas). Four coastal and four inland sampling sites were selected, and at each site three practices were considered (one practice per plot). For each plot (200 m2), 20 soil samples were taken and homogenized to obtain a composite sample from which soil was characterized chemically and microbiologically. Differences in chemical properties (smaller N content and alkyl C fraction in the coastal area) depended on geographical location rather than on agricultural practices. For microbial properties, catabolic structure varied with geographical location; the index of catabolic diversity was larger in the coastal area. Importantly, the basal respiration was similar in both areas although the soil contained less nitrogen (N) in the coastal area. The negative effect of conventional tillage on microbial functioning of the soil was observed only in relation to geographical location. We found that this effect was reduced by co‐culture, for example with Vicia sativa L. var. sativa. Our study reveals that geographical location affects how agricultural practices affect soil properties (in the coastal area, enhanced mineralization of labile C and change in microbial catabolic profile). This suggests that soil management should take into account the environmental conditions specific to coastal areas, which enhance the adverse effects of conventional tillage. Consequently, this type of management should not be implemented in coastal areas of the Mediterranean.HighlightsWhat are the appropriate practices for olive trees under coastal constraints?
Coastal‐specific constraints were the main factors controlling microbial communities.
Agricultural practices affected enzyme activities depending on distance from the sea.
Tillage should not be implemented in coastal areas of the Mediterranean.
Specific clinical signs and symptoms are predictive of clinical course in sporadic Creutzfeldt−Jakob disease
Authors: Nakatani E. , Kanatani Y. , Kaneda H. , Nagai Y. , Teramukai S. , Nishimura T. , Zhou B. , Kojima S. , Kono H. , Fukushima M. , Kitamoto T. , Mizusawa H. 
Published: May 2016

Background and purposeAkinetic mutism is thought to be an appropriate therapeutic end‐point in patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt−Jakob disease (sCJD). However, prognostic factors for akinetic mutism are unclear and clinical signs or symptoms that precede this condition have not been defined. The goal of this study was to identify prognostic factors for akinetic mutism and to clarify the order of clinical sign and symptom development prior to its onset.MethodsThe cumulative incidence of akinetic mutism and other clinical signs and symptoms was estimated based on Japanese CJD surveillance data (455 cases) collected from 2003 to 2008. A proportional hazards model was used to identify prognostic factors for the time to onset of akinetic mutism and other clinical signs and symptoms.ResultsPeriodic synchronous discharges on electroencephalography were present in the majority of cases (93.5%). The presence of psychiatric symptoms or cerebellar disturbance at sCJD diagnosis was associated with the development of akinetic mutism [hazard ratio (HR) 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–1.99, and HR 2.15, 95% CI1.61–2.87, respectively]. The clinical course from cerebellar disturbance to myoclonus or akinetic mutism was classified into three types: (i) direct path, (ii) path via pyramidal or extrapyramidal dysfunction and (iii) path via psychiatric symptoms or visual disturbance.ConclusionsThe presence of psychiatric symptoms or cerebellar disturbance increased the risk of akinetic mutism of sCJD cases with probable MM/MV subtypes. Also, there appear to be sequential associations in the development of certain clinical signs and symptoms of this disease.
Adjunctive perampanel in adolescents with inadequately controlled partial‐onset seizures: A randomized study evaluating behavior, efficacy, and safety
Authors: Lagae Lieven , Villanueva Vicente , Meador Kimford J. , Bagul Makarand , Laurenza Antonio , Kumar Dinesh , Yang Haichen 
Published: May 2016

SummaryObjectiveThe noncompetitive α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist perampanel was shown in phase III trials to be an effective and well‐tolerated adjunctive treatment for partial‐onset seizures. In adolescents, it is necessary to characterize cognitive, neuropsychological, and behavioral side effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The current analysis focuses on behavioral outcomes, efficacy, and safety of perampanel in adolescents.MethodsAdolescents (12–17 years) on a stable regimen of 1–3 AEDs for partial‐onset seizures were randomized (2:1 ratio) to receive up to 12 mg/day perampanel or placebo. Alongside efficacy, cognitive, and neuropsychological assessments, behavioral outcomes were measured with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) before and after a 19‐week titration and maintenance phase.ResultsOf the randomized patients, 85 received perampanel and 48 received placebo. Median reduction in seizure frequency from baseline was 58.0% for perampanel and 24.0% for placebo (p = 0.079). More patients had seizure frequency reduced by 50% after perampanel (n = 49 [59.0%]) than placebo (n = 17 [37.0%]; p = 0.0144). Changes in behavior were minimal, and there were no differences between groups on competency (p = 0.619) or problems (p = 0.174). A greater proportion of placebo patients were classified in the CBCL “clinical” range for competency at end of treatment, whereas the number in the perampanel group remained unchanged. The overall safety profile was similar to that reported previously for perampanel; most frequently reported adverse events (AEs) were dizziness (26 patients [30.6% vs. 14.6% placebo]), somnolence (13 patients [15.3% vs. 4.2%]), and headache (nine patients [10.6% vs. 14.6%]). Aggression was reported in seven patients receiving perampanel (8.2% vs. 2.1% placebo); two of these were serious AEs, with neither requiring treatment discontinuation.SignificanceAdjunctive perampanel is efficacious and well tolerated in adolescents with partial‐onset seizures, and appears to have no clinically important impact on behavior measured using the CBCL.
Nonseizure SUDEP: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy without preceding epileptic seizures
Authors: Lhatoo Samden D. , Nei Maromi , Raghavan Manoj , Sperling Michael , Zonjy Bilal , Lacuey Nuria , Devinsky Orrin 
Published: May 2016

SummaryObjectiveTo describe the phenomenology of monitored sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) occurring in the interictal period where death occurs without a seizure preceding it.MethodsWe report a case series of monitored definite and probable SUDEP where no electroclinical evidence of underlying seizures was found preceding death.ResultsThree patients (two definite and one probable) had SUDEP. They had a typical high SUDEP risk profile with longstanding intractable epilepsy and frequent generalized tonic–clonic seizures (GTCS). All patients had varying patterns of respiratory and bradyarrhythmic cardiac dysfunction with profound electroencephalography (EEG) suppression. In two patients, patterns of cardiorespiratory failure were similar to those seen in some patients in the Mortality in Epilepsy Monitoring Units Study (MORTEMUS).SignificanceSUDEP almost always occur postictally, after GTCS and less commonly after a partial seizure. Monitored SUDEP or near‐SUDEP cases without a seizure have not yet been reported in literature. When nonmonitored SUDEP occurs in an ambulatory setting without an overt seizure, the absence of EEG information prevents the exclusion of a subtle seizure. These cases confirm the existence of nonseizure SUDEP; such deaths may not be prevented by seizure detection–based devices. SUDEP risk in patients with epilepsy may constitute a spectrum of susceptibility wherein some are relatively immune, death occurs in others with frequent GTCS with one episode of seizure ultimately proving fatal, while in others still, death may occur even in the absence of a seizure. We emphasize the heterogeneity of SUDEP phenomena.
Usability and acceptability assessment of an empathic virtual agent to prevent major depression
Authors: Bresó A. , Martínez‐Miranda J. , Botella C. , Baños R. M. , García‐Gómez J. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn Human–Computer Interaction, the adaptation of the content and the way of how this content is communicated to the users in interactive sessions is a critical issue to promote the acceptability and usability of any computational system. We present a user‐adapted interactive platform to identify and provide an early intervention for symptoms of depression and suicide. In particular, we describe the work performed to assess users' system acceptability and usability. An empathic Virtual Agent is the main interface with the user, and it has been designed to generate the appropriate dialogues and emotions during the interactions according to the detected user's specific needs. This personalization is based on a dynamic user model nurtured with clinical, demographical and behavioural information. The evaluation was performed with 60 participants from the university community. The obtained results were promising, allowing the execution of a further clinical trial. The system's usability score was 75.7%, and the score of the user‐adapted content and the emotional responses of the Virtual Agent was 70.9%.
The Impact of Family Financial Investment on Perceived Parent Pressure and Child Enjoyment and Commitment in Organized Youth Sport
Authors: Ryan Dunn C. , Dorsch Travis E. , King Michael Q. , Rothlisberger Kevin J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNinety percent of American youth participate in some form of organized youth sport between the ages of 5 and 18. Parent involvement in this context has recently been characterized as a potentially harmful force in parent–child relations, leading to debate regarding the appropriateness and level of parent involvement in organized youth sport. Despite the rising costs associated with youth sport participation, little empirical effort has been made to examine the potential impact of family financial investment on parent involvement and children's subsequent sport outcomes. The purpose of this study was to address how family financial investment in youth sport influences children's perceptions of parent pressure, sport enjoyment, and commitment to continued participation. Data from a national sample of 163 parent–child dyads illuminated an inverse association between family financial investment and child sport commitment, mediated by children's perceptions of parent pressure and sport enjoyment. The results indicated that family financial investment predicts child commitment through the sequential mediators of perceived parent pressure and child enjoyment. These findings draw attention to many avenues for future research on the potential link among family investment decisions, parent involvement behaviors, and child outcomes in organized youth sport, which may collectively inform the development of parent interventions for youth sport leagues, administrators, and parents.
Rapid and efficient analysis of gene function using CRISPR‐Cas9 in Xenopus tropicalis founders
Authors: Shigeta Mitsuki , Sakane Yuto , Iida Midori , Suzuki Miyuki , Kashiwagi Keiko , Kashiwagi Akihiko , Fujii Satoshi , Yamamoto Takashi , Suzuki Ken‐ichi T. 
Published: May 2016

Recent advances in genome editing using programmable nucleases, such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator‐like effector nucleases (TALENs) and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐Cas system, have facilitated reverse genetics in Xenopus tropicalis. To establish a practical workflow for analyzing genes of interest using CRISPR‐Cas9, we examined various experimental procedures and conditions. We first compared the efficiency of gene disruption between Cas9 protein and mRNA injection by analyzing genotype and phenotype frequency, and toxicity. Injection of X. tropicalis embryos with Cas9 mRNA resulted in high gene‐disrupting efficiency comparable with that produced by Cas9 protein injection. To exactly evaluate the somatic mutation rates of on‐target sites, amplicon sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using a restriction enzyme or recombinant Cas9 were performed. Mutation rates of two target genes (slc45a2 and ltk) required for pigmentation were estimated to be over 90% by both methods in animals exhibiting severe phenotypes, suggesting that targeted somatic mutations were biallelically introduced in almost all somatic cells of founder animals. Using a heteroduplex mobility assay, we also showed that off‐target mutations were induced at a low rate. Based on our results, we propose a CRISPR‐Cas9‐mediated gene disruption workflow for a rapid and efficient analysis of gene function using X. tropicalis founders.
Serum Level of Trefoil Factor 2 can Predict the Extent of Gastric Spasmolytic Polypeptide‐Expressing Metaplasia in the H. pylori‐Infected Gastric Cancer Relatives
Authors: Kuo Hsin‐Yu , Chang Wei‐Lun , Yeh Yi‐Chun , Tsai Yu‐Ching , Wu Chung‐Tai , Cheng Hsiu‐Chi , Yang Hsiao‐Bai , Lu Cheng‐Chang , Sheu Bor‐Shyang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground & aimsGastric cancer has familial clustering in incidence, and the familial relatives of gastric cancer sufferers are prone to have spasmolytic polypeptide‐expressing metaplasia (SPEM), and intestinal metaplasia (IM) after H. pylori infection. This study tested whether serum pepsinogen I/II and trefoil factor family (TFF) proteins can predict SPEM or IM in the H. pylori‐infected relatives of patients with gastric cancer.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 119 H. pylori‐infected relatives of gastric cancer patients of noncardiac gastric cancer patients, who then received panendoscopy to obtain gastric biopsy to define the presence of corpus gastritis index (CGI), SPEM, and IM. The advanced SPEM in histology was defined by TFF2 immunohistochemistry. Each patient also had checkups of serum TFF2, TFF3, and pepsinogen I/II by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsThe 119 H. pylori‐infected relatives included 61 with SPEM, and 34 with IM. The presence of either IM or SPEM was not related to the serum TFF2, TFF3, and pepsinogen I/II levels (p > .05). Serum TFF2 levels were higher in relatives with CGI who also had advanced SPEM (p = .032). For relatives without CGI, the elevated serum TFF2 levels correlated with higher H. pylori density and more severe gastritis in antrum (p = .001).ConclusionThe serum TFF2 level cannot predict SPEM or IM in H. pylori‐infected relatives of patients with gastric cancer. For H. pylori‐infected relatives with CGI, serum TFF2 levels may predict the advanced severity of SPEM. Elevated serum TFF2 levels may indicate severe H. pylori‐related inflammation, at risk of development or progression of SPEM in relatives without CGI.
Optimisation and comparative study on the addition of shrimp protein hydrolysate and shrimp powder on physicochemical properties of extruded snack
Authors: Jeyakumari Annamalai , Rahul Das Mampuzha Sivadas , Bindu Jaganath , Joshy Chalil George , Zynudheen Aliyamveetil Abubacker 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThe effect of an addition of shrimp protein hydrolysate and shrimp powder on the physicochemical properties of extruded snack was studied. Rice flour and cornflour were used as base materials, and extrusion was done using corotating twin‐screw extruder. A mixture response surface methodology was used to study the effect of ingredient mixture on the physical, functional and sensory properties of extrudates. Linear and quadratic mixture response regression model was fitted to the response variables, and it was evaluated using R2 values. Based on the desirability function score, the optimum combination of ingredient was 47.75% rice flour, 38.64% cornflour, 5.95% hydrolysate and 7.67% shrimp protein powder. It was observed that an addition of shrimp hydrolysate more than 5% (7.5%) improved the crispiness. Sensory evaluation revealed that shrimp hydrolysate and shrimp powder can be used at 5–7.5% level for developing protein‐rich extruded products without affecting sensory characteristics.
Raising the Level of Nursing Involvement in the National Precision Medicine Initiative: An Example
Authors: Oruche Ukamaka Marian , Carpenter Janet S. , Renbarger Jamie , Ross Sydney E. 
Published: May 2016

PURPOSEThe Precision Medicine Initiative (PMI) goal of ushering in a new and more effective era of health care that benefits all Americans requires two critical and interdependent components: a cohort assembly of 1 million or more Americans who reflect the diversity of the United States of America and an interdisciplinary workforce that includes nursing. The purpose of this article is to provide an example of nursing involvement in PM, specifically as related to gathering biospecimens (saliva) from vulnerable, understudied adolescents with disruptive behavior disorders and their family members.SOURCE(S)First, we provide a brief description of important concepts related to PM as well as current roles of nurses in PM. Then, we share lessons learned from our feasibility study aimed at increasing the diversity of our statewide cohort assembly that has provided biospecimens for the Indiana Biobank.CONCLUSIONNurses can definitely contribute to biobanks in support of the PMI. This article is a call to action for nurses to take their rightful place in PM.
Influence of Cultivar, Anti‐Browning Solutions, Packaging Gasses, and Advanced Technology on Browning in Fresh‐Cut Apples During Storage
Authors: Putnik Predrag , Bursać Kovačević Danijela , Herceg Korina , Levaj Branka 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectives were to compare differences in color change (Δ
) over shelf‐life (SL) for 2 apple cultivars (Golden Delicious, GD; Cripps Pink, CP) subjected to 5 antibrowning treatments (ABT) (no treatment/control; ascorbic + citric acid with/without ultrasound; Ca‐ascorbate with/without ultrasound) in presence of normal or modified atmosphere (MA). Plus, to assess influences of respiration rates on Δ
for all combinations of cultivars and ABT. Original color of apples was better preserved in MA. The absence of ABT showed highest Δ
, while all ABT showed similar change in color regardless of MA application. Browning prevention of ascorbic + citric acid may be improved with application of ultrasound. Production of CO2 oscillated with color change for both cultivars with different ABT. The GD will endure browning better than CP, while Ca‐ascorbate was one of the best antibrowning agents. All created mathematical models are freely available in computer simulation (“Anti‐browning Apple Calculator – C.A.P.P.A.B.L.E.©”; apple.pbf.hr or 31.147.204.87).Practical ApplicationsThe main purpose of presented models was to integrally compare influence of modified atmosphere packaging in prevention of apple browning. Hence, models can be used to calculate optimal combination of industrial parameters and to compare calculated results against relevant economic managerial decisions. For example, models are useful to answer questions such as to what extent is the use of modified atmosphere or antibrowning treatment economically justified for the industrial fresh‐cut apple production. Hence, by optimizing relevant production parameters they can be used to extend the length of fresh‐cut apple shelf‐life and economic benefits while providing quality foods to consumers. Created computer simulation offers selection of various production settings and calculation of optimal values for particular fresh‐cut processes. Simulation settings include packaging size, volumetric concentration of gases, apple mass, packaging film, different permeances, and other.