bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on antibacterial effect of grape seed extracts in common clinical and drug resistant isolates
Authors: Kandasamy Mohanakrishnan , Nasimuddin Sowmya , Malayan Jeevan , J Nithyalakshmi , Gnanadesikan Sumathi , Chandrasekar Mayuri 
Published: August 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Grape seeds are proposed to have antimicrobial activity, antioxidant effect and various other benefits to mankind. A study was done to assess the antibacterial effect of grape seed extract against common clinical isolates and drug resistant pathogenic strains.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Grape seed extract prepared was investigated for its antibacterial effect against 65 bacterial isolates obtained from clinical specimens by agar well diffusion assay and the results were compared with routinely used antibiotics namely, Gentamicin for the common clinical isolates, Vancomycin for MRSA strains and Amikacin for ESBL organisms respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Grape seed extract produced moderate zone of inhibition ranging between 11-15 mm among the 35 test common clinical isolates namely <em>Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella </em>sp<em> </em>and<em> Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. <em>E.coli </em>showed the highest susceptibility with zone ranging from 12-14 mm with increasing concentration of the extract starting from2 mg/ml to the highest being 20 mg/ml. Among the 30 drug resistant pathogenic strains like MRSA and ESBL producing organisms, the grape seed extract was found to be effective against 3 out of the 10 of MRSA and 2 out of the 10 of ESBL-<em>E.coli</em> at the highest concentration of 20 mg/ml. However, ESBL producing <em>Klebsiella </em>species were found to be resistant even to the highest concentration of the extract. </p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The results provide evidence that the grape seed extract could be a potential antibacterial agent and this effect can further be made evident with improved methodologies.</p>
Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures strength in diabetic and normal serum glucose elevated male mice
Authors: Khalili Mohsen , Kiasalari Zahra , Abdullahi Payman Raise 
Published: August 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Epilepsy is one of the most important neurological disorders, afflicting both genders during their lifetime. Metabolic disturbances, including hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, are one of the main reasons of seizures in which frequently have been seen in diabetes mellitus. A large body of literature has investigated correlation between hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia and seizure. However, a definitive conclusion has not been taken, yet. Hence, we developed a rodent model of PTZ-induced seizure in order to investigate about relation between PTZ-induced seizures and glycemic changes, including diabetic and non-diabetic hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We chose 50 naive, adult male inbred mice of the Balb/c strain (aged 8–10 weeks, weighted 25-35 grams) and divided them into 5 groups, randomly (n=10 in each groups): 1. Control (received saline and citrate buffer). 2. Diabetic group (received STZ 140 mg/kg I.P). 3. Diabetic+Glibenclamide group (received STZ 140 mg/kg I.P and treated with Glibenclamide 1 mg/kg I.P daily). 4. Non-diabetic hyperglycemic group (received glucose "D-dextrose" 2 g/kg I.P 30 min before PTZ administration. 5. Hypoglycemic group (the animals were fasted one day other days during experimental period). Chemical kindling was induced by PTZ injection (35 mg/kg, I.P), every other days (11 periods that lasted 22 days). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Our data shown non-diabetic hyperglycemic mice that had elevated blood glucose levels, were more resistant to seizures compared to control group (p&lt;0.05). Threshold and duration of the second phase of the seizures in non-diabetic hyperglycemic mice were increased (p&lt;0.001). Moreover, threshold of the phase 5 was enhanced (p&lt;0.001).<strong> </strong>Again, hypoglycemic mice had statistically significant decrease in threshold of phase 5 compared to control group (p&lt;0.05).</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We found that acute non-diabetic hyperglycemia not only have had no aggravating effects on seizure susceptibility but also have shown anticonvulsive effects. As well, we found that hypoglycemia has decreased threshold of phase 5 in challenge dose, i.e. onset of the most severe phase of the seizures was accelerated.
Analysis of undergraduate pharmacology question papers at Goa medical college as regards to their content areas
Authors: Narvekar Rajal S. , Bhandare Nikhil N. , Bhandare Padma N. 
Published: August 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Undergraduate medical education aims at sculpting the future physicians. Knowledge gained during this period helps the physician to deal with human ailments and thus human life. It is necessary to ensure that students learn what is important and thus it is very important to ask the right questions in the examinations.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a retrospective analytical study involving evaluation of university theory examination question papers of pharmacology of II<sup>nd</sup> MBBS at our institute. Question papers from the year 2000 to 2016 were analyzed for weightage to content areas as regards to the syllabus. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Autonomic nervous system (25.28%) and cardiovascular system (22.30%) in paper I and chemotherapy (33.50%) and central nervous system (23.76%) in paper II are the maximum weightage content areas. Some aspects which are of clinical importance remained uncovered in a few papers, example: autacoids, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, miscellaneous.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> For consistency of validity in the assessment, we suggest that it should be based on structured guidelines. Methods like test blueprinting and table of specifications may be used.</p>
Drug utilization pattern during pregnancy in Nekemte referral hospital: a cross sectional study
Authors: Asfaw Fanaye , Bekele Mekdes , Temam Shemsiya , Kelel Musin 
Published: August 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Pregnancy is a period of great physiological changes to the mother and fetus in which every malfunction of the body as the result of drug use may lead to serious consequences in both. It is a period that demands special care to the health care service providers. Therefore, the objective of this project is to conduct across sectional study on drug utilization pattern during pregnancy in Nekemte referral hospital, Ethiopia from 2012-2013 that could lay base for the maternal care programs.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A purposive sampling was used to draw 100 pregnant women from the source population. Data were collected from the documented drug administration record of Nekemte referral hospital for all stages of pregnancy, types of drugs, roots of administration and dosage forms for all the pregnant female who were admitted to the hospital. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among the pregnant women, who visited Nekemte referral hospital during the study period, the majority (96%) had a record for drug (s) and almost similar pattern of records were found in all wards for drug use. Of all the pregnant women, there was a high record for drug utilization of the women in the first trimester. Unemployed and uneducated pregnant females make the highest proportion. There was also a prescription of potentially dangerous drugs during pregnancy in Nekemte referral hospital.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Many pregnant women were found using drugs during pregnancy in Nekemte referral hospital, including potentially harmful drugs. Therefore, there should be intensive assessment of pregnant women treatment in line with the US food and drug administration agency (FDA) risk category and locally operating regulations by considering risks and benefits to both mothers and the foetus in drug prescription and administration.</p>
A relevant practical course for mental health care providers in South Africa
Authors: Sehularo Leepile Alfred 
Published: August 2016

<p>The South African Mental Health Care Actdefines mental health care provider as a person providing mental health care services to mental health care users and includes mental health care practitioners. Mental health care practitioner means a nurse, psychiatrist or registered medical practitioner, psychologist, occupational therapist or social worker who has been trained at an accredited institution to provide prescribed mental health care, treatment and rehabilitation services. For a South African mental health provider to render high-quality mental health care, treatment and rehabilitation services, that mental health care provider should have been exposed to theory and practical teaching and learning in Intellectual Disability (ID). One of the most relevant practical courses for intellectual disability in South Africa is offered by the Sunshine Association.</p>
Стратегия управления инновационными изменениями в период глобальной трансформации системы мирового хозяйствования
Authors: Зайцев Александр Владимирович 
Published: August 2016

В статье рассмотрен механизм формирования и развития инновационной системы высокотехнологичного предприятия. Выявлена роль управления инновационными изменениями, возникающими в рамках модернизации конкурентной стратегии. Предложен механизм формирования концепции управления инновационными изменениями в рамках совершенствования конкурентной стратегии предприятия. Обоснована необходимость использования синтеза адаптивного управления, концепций управления инновационными изменениями и роста ценности организации для проектирования конкурентной стратегии с целью максимизации рыночной стоимости предприятия при высокой изменчивости внешней и внутренней среды.
Comparing Traditional and Distance Formats of a Psychiatric Rehabilitation Course
Authors: McCarthy Thomas P. , Accordino Michael P. , Wondolowski Erica L. , Bishop Laura 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to discover if an online course in psychiatric rehabilitation is as successful as a traditional on-campus course in terms of content delivery and learning outcomes.Method:A traditional on-campus (n= 25) and an online (n= 17) course were compared at pretest and posttest on a measure entitled “Psychiatric Vocational Rehabilitation Knowledge and Skills Inventory.” A 4 (Skill) × 3 (Time) within-subjects analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to assess changes in the skills of process, potential, partnership, and career advancement over time.Results:The results were that scores for both formats significantly increased from Time 1 to Time 2, but one format did not perform significantly better than another. The Psychiatric Vocational Rehabilitation Knowledge and Skills Inventory was found to be a reliable measure.Conclusion:The study underscores the value of a dedicated psychiatric rehabilitation course in rehabilitation graduate education.
Recovery-Oriented Vocational Rehabilitation Services for Individuals With Co-Occurring Psychiatric Disabilities and Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Lusk Stephanie L. , Koch Lynn C. , Paul Teresia M. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:In this article, we examined how individuals with co-occurring psychiatric disabilities and substance use disorders encounter numerous challenges when it comes to the vocational rehabilitation (VR) process.Method:A comprehensive review of the literature demonstrated barriers to service delivery (e.g., access to services, exclusionary eligibility requirements) and hindrances to VR planning (e.g., lack of training of VR counselors, lack of work-related skills) which all serve to create obstacles through which they must navigate. This article provides a brief overview of (a) the challenges that these individuals face in treatment and VR and (b) general considerations for providing more recovery-oriented VR services to increase their participation in the VR process, facilitate recovery, and improve VR outcomes.Results:Our review highlighted that VR participation and successful outcome rates among this group as a whole are much lower than the rates of those with other types of disabilities. Researchers have suggested a myriad of strategies that have proven advantageous when working with these individuals all of which serve to increase rates of sustained recovery and employment success.Conclusion:Additional research is still needed to substantiate the barriers to service delivery for this underserved VR population, evaluate how to implement more recovery-oriented practices within the VR system, and determine if such changes do indeed lead to improved outcomes for consumers with co-occurring disabilities.
Relationships Between World Health OrganizationInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability and HealthConstructs and Participation in Adults With Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Sánchez Jennifer , Rosenthal David A. , Chan Fong , Brooks Jessica , Bezyak Jill L. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:To examine the World Health OrganizationInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health(ICF) constructs as correlates of community participation of people with severe mental illnesses (SMI).Methods:Quantitative descriptive research design using multiple regression and correlational techniques was used to analyze 193 persons with SMI.Results:This study examined the unique relationships between each of the ICF constructs and participation in a series of simultaneous regression analyses. Age, schizophrenia/schizoaffective diagnosis, insight, self-care activity, social competency, and social support from friends were significant predictors of participation when compared to variables in the same ICF constructs. In addition, these significant ICF predictors of participation were entered in a hierarchical regression, and only insight, social competency, and social support from friends were found to be significant predictors of participation after controlling for the effect of other ICF variables.Conclusion:In this ICF model, insight, social competency, and social support from friends were found to be associated with participation and mediated the individual contributions of types of psychiatric disabilities and self-care activity to participation. Rehabilitation practitioners should focus on interventions that increase these factors for people with SMI. Rehabilitation researchers should continue to use the ICF as a model from which to predict participation in specific life activities (e.g., employment) for people with SMI. Continued application and validation of the ICF model could positively impact recovery-oriented outcomes for individuals with SMI.
Collaborative Documentation in Mental Health: Applications to Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Sheehan Lindsay , Lewicki Todd 
Published: August 2016

Purpose: In this article, the emerging practice of collaborative documentation (CD) in community mental health care and its applications to rehabilitation counseling were explored. CD has the potential to promote greater client empowerment, clinical transparency, and documentation efficiency and quality; however, the CD process is not well validated through rigorous research.Method: We provide a critical analysis of issues with current documentation systems, principles of creating collaborative paperwork, and the potential outcomes for rehabilitation clients, agencies, and counselors who use CD.Results: The benefits of CD for rehabilitation educators, researchers, and practitioners will be provided for implementation in rehabilitation settings.Conclusion: Rehabilitation practitioners may be increasingly exposed to CD and transparency of treatment records. CD is a developing practice that fits well with the rehabilitation counseling philosophy and the profession’s history of client inclusion in treatment planning.
Supporting the Health and Wellness of Individuals With Psychiatric Disabilities
Authors: Swarbrick Margaret , Nemec Patricia B. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose: Psychiatric rehabilitation is recognized as a field with specialized knowledge and skills required for practice. The certified psychiatric rehabilitation practitioner (CPRP) credential, an exam-based certification process, is based on a regularly updated job task analysis that, in its most recent iteration, identified the new core competency domain of “supporting health and wellness.” This article explains the relevance of this domain to the current practice of psychiatric rehabilitation.Methods: We present a multidimensional foundation model of wellness that describes the job tasks highlighted in the newest CPRP competency domain and examines implications for rehabilitation educators and practitioners who do not hold the CPRP credential but still provide rehabilitation services to individuals with psychiatric disabilities.Results: The health and wellness competencies identified for CPRPs may not translate directly into competencies needed by service providers in other roles; however, practices that involve experiencing personal goal setting and action plan implementation, especially around wellness goals, can be included across service domains.Conclusion: Attending to the health and wellness of people with psychiatric disabilities is imperative. Rehabilitation practitioners who embrace the multidimensional foundation model of wellness can effectively provide services that are holistic and promote recovery and achievement of rehabilitation goals.
A Novel Treatment Decision Tree and Literature Review of Retrograde Peri‐Implantitis
Authors: Sarmast Nima D. , Wang Howard H. , Soldatos Nikolaos K. , Angelov Nikola , Dorn Samuel , Yukna Raymond , Iacono Vincent J. 
Published: August 2016

Background: Although retrograde peri‐implantitis (RPI) is not a common sequela of dental implant surgery, its prevalence has been reported in the literature to be 0.26%. Incidence of RPI is reported to increase to 7.8% when teeth adjacent to the implant site have a previous history of root canal therapy, and it is correlated with distance between implant and adjacent tooth and/or with time from endodontic treatment of adjacent tooth to implant placement. Minimum 2 mm space between implant and adjacent tooth is needed to decrease incidence of apical RPI, with minimum 4 weeks between completion of endodontic treatment and actual implant placement. The purpose of this study is to compile all available treatment modalities and to provide a decision tree as a general guide for clinicians to aid in diagnosis and treatment of RPI.Methods: Literature search was performed for articles published in English on the topic of RPI. Articles selected were case reports with study populations ranging from 1 to 32 patients. Any case report or clinical trial that attempted to treat or rescue an implant diagnosed with RPI was included.Results: Predominant diagnostic presentation of a lesion was presence of sinus tract at buccal or facial abscess of apical portion of implant, and subsequent periapical radiographs taken demonstrated a radiolucent lesion. On the basis of case reports analyzed, RPI was diagnosed between 1 week and 4 years after implant placement. Twelve of 20 studies reported that RPI lesions were diagnosed within 6 months after implant placement. A step‐by‐step decision tree is provided to allow clinicians to triage and properly manage cases of RPI on the basis of recommendations and successful treatments provided in analyzed case reports. It is divided between symptomatic and asymptomatic implants and adjacent teeth with vital and necrotic pulps.Conclusions: Most common etiology of apical RPI is endodontic infection from neighboring teeth, which was diagnosed within 6 months after implant placement. Most common findings, radiographically and clinically, are lesions around implant apex and sinus tract. A small number of implants did not improve with treatment. Decision tree provides a path to diagnose and treat lesions to facilitate their management. Further studies are needed to focus on histologic data around periapical microbiota to establish specific etiology and differential diagnoses compared with marginal peri‐implantitis and other implant‐related conditions.
The Energy Intensity of Economic Sectors in Mint Countries: Implications for Sustainable Development
Authors: Nnaji Chibueze, E. , Moses Nnaji , Chimah Jonathan N. , Maduekwe Monica C. 
Published: August 2016

<div><p><em>This paper analysed the status of energy intensity of economic sectors (agriculture, industry, commercial, residential) in MINT (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey) countries and its implications for sustainable development. We utilised descriptive statistics as well as the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition analysis to examine energy and efficiency trends, from 1980-2013, in MINT countries. Empirical results indicate inefficient energy use in the residential and industrial sectors of Nigeria and Indonesia. The analysis also indicates that income/output growth (activity effect) contributed to an increase in sectoral energy consumption of MINT countries. It also revealed that while structural effects contributed to a reduction in energy consumption in virtually all the sectors in Turkey and Mexico, it contributed to an increase in energy consumption of the residential, industrial and commercial sectors of Indonesia and Nigeria in virtually all the periods. These results suggest that a policy framework that emphasizes the utilization of energy efficient technologies especially electricity infrastructural development aimed at energy service availability, accessibility and affordability will help to trigger desirable economic development and ensure rapid sustainable development of MINT economies.</em></p></div>
La discussione attuale sul Gesù storico: problemi e criteri
Authors: Gieniusz Andrzej 
Published: August 2016

L’articolo presenta il passagio dalla tradizionale difesa del valore storico dei vangeli (che ha seguito il modello di un processo giudiziario in cui l’affidabilità dei testimoni e il carattere oculare della loro testimnianza dovevano essere dimostrati) alla discussione contemporanea che per circa cinquanta ultimi anni ha sviluppato e raffinato i criteri di affidabilità storica, al fine di procedere ad esaminare ogni singolo testo evangelico su queste basi. Il suo contributo espone sia i punti forti che i punti deboli dei quattro criteri che finiscono per essere i più spendibili e produrre i risultati più accurati: i criteri di doppia dissomiglianza, di molteplice attestazione, di coerenza e di plausibilità storica o spiegazione sufficiente.
Inšpirácia Svätého písma na základe výrazu „theópneustos“ v 2 Tim 3, 16
Authors: Trstenský František 
Published: August 2016

Nový zákon spája inšpiráciu s pôsobením Ducha Svätého. V 2 Tim 3, 16 Pavol potvrdzuje: „Celé Písmo je Bohom vnuknuté a užitočné na poúčanie, na usvedčovanie, na nápravu a na výchovu v spravodlivosti“. Výraz „theópneustos – Bohom vnuknutý“ v 2 Tim 3, 16 sa už inde v Novom zákone nenachádza. Prídavné meno nie je v tomto verši použité v prirodzenom význame, ako napríklad inšpirácia hudobného diela, ale v teologickom význame. Cieľom článku je analýzovať nielen samotný výraz a verš, ale aj blízky kontext, do ktorého je daný termín vložený.