bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of serum heat shock protein 60 in chronic periodontitis patients with and without coronary heart disease - A case–control study
Authors: Asok Anjhana , Bhandary Rahul , Shetty Mamatha Shekar , Ramesh Amitha , Venugopalan Geethu , Sreeja S Sai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:

Background:
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of stress proteins that participate in physiological processes such as cellular folding, assembly, translocation of polypeptides across membranes, and protein repair after cell damage. HSP60 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both chronic periodontitis (CP) and coronary heart disease (CHD).

Aim:
The aim was to assess the possible link between CP and CHD by estimating and comparing the serum HSP60 levels in patients with CP with and without CHD.

Settings and Design:
Ninety patients in the age group of 30–60 years were involved in this study. The patients were categorized as CP (control group) and CP with CHD (case group).

Materials and Methods:
Gingival index (GI) and periodontal parameters such as probing pocket depth and clinical attachment levels were documented. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the HSP60 levels in serum samples obtained from the patients.

Statistical Analysis:
Results were statistically analyzed using the SPSS version 16.0 software to estimate the mean and standard deviation using independent t-test and Mann–Whitney U-test.

Results:
The findings of the research indicated that patients with CP with CHD exhibited elevated serum HSP60 levels compared to CP without CHD (P < 0.05). In addition, a statistically significant rise in GI was noted in the case group. However, the periodontal measurements did not reveal any significant differences.

Conclusion:
As a result, HSP60 levels were observed to be elevated in the case group compared to the control group. Consequently, there is a connection between periodontal disease and CHD that contributes to the overall inflammatory burden.
Resective and regenerative periodontal therapy for maxillary Class II furcation defect: A case report with 24-month follow-up
Authors: Braz Pierre , Viana Karolina Skarlet Silva , Silveira Milena Mageski Ferreira , Lima Rafael Paschoal Esteves 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Periodontal treatment of teeth with furcation defects is challenging due to the complex anatomy of the area. Resective techniques, such as root resection, may be effective in managing teeth with this defect if appropriately indicated and can lead to satisfactory survival rates associated with a favorable prognosis. This report describes the treatment of a Class II furcation defect in an upper molar using root resection combined with regenerative procedures. The regenerative procedure involved the use of a lyophilized bone graft combined with the use of a collagen membrane and a connective tissue graft. The 24-month follow-up demonstrated the success of the therapy, with a gain in clinical attachment level, a reduction in probing pocket depth, and a tomographic image showing the formation of new lamina dura. A healthy and stable periodontium can be achieved through the correct application of more conservative techniques aimed at preserving the dental element.
Effect of exposure to the carcinogen 50 ppm 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide on alveolar bone loss
Authors: Ribas Marcelo Ekman , Spuldaro Tobias Rauber , Oballe Harry Juan Rivera , Cavagni Juliano , Gaio Eduardo José , Lamers Marcelo Lazzaron , Muniz Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes , Rösing Cassiano Kuchenbecker 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:

Background:
The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of exposure to the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO), with or without experimental periodontitis (EP), on alveolar bone loss (ABL) in rats.

Materials and Methods:
Male Wistar rats (n = 84) were divided into Group 1: no EP and no exposure to 4NQO; Group 2: exposure to 4NQO (50 ppm) only; Group 3: EP only; and Group 4: after 20 weeks of exposure to 4NQO (50 ppm), EP was induced by placing a silk ligature on the upper right maxillary second molar for 15 days. Macroscopic analysis of the tongue and morphometric analysis of ABL were performed. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used, and a significance level of P < 0.05 was adopted.

Results:
All animals exposed to 4NQO presented macroscopic lesions on the tongue. When considering the side with EP, no statistically significant difference was demonstrated between Groups 3 (median: 0.76; intervals interquartile [IQ]: 0.42–0.45) and 4 (median: 0.78; IQ: 0.70–0.80). In the side without EP, Group 4 (median: 0.51 mm; IQ: 0.45–0.70) presented significantly higher ABL compared to Group 1 (median: 0.41 mm; IQ: 0.38–0.43). Group 3 (median: 0.44; IQ: 0.41–0.47) showed no significant difference when compared to Groups 1 (median: 0.41; IQ: 0.38–0.43) and 2 (median: 0.46; IQ: 0.41–0.54).

Conclusions:
It was concluded that higher ABL occurred in the presence of a carcinogen. However, the combination of both 4NQO and EP did not promote higher ABL.
Bronchodilator reversibility and eosinophilic biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Authors: Ameet H , Rai Deependra K. , Karmakar Saurabh , Thakur Somesh , Mahto Mala , Sharma Priya , Yadav Rajesh , Gupta Vatsal 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is now one of the top three causes of death worldwide. Recently, increased focus has been on COPD patients displaying eosinophilic inflammation and asthma-like features of bronchial hyperreactivity and bronchodilator responsiveness. The objective of the study was to measure the proportion of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with bronchodilator reversibility and to compare the eosinophilic biomarkers between the bronchodilator non-reversible and reversible groups.

Materials and Methods:
This hospital-based cross-sectional study included COPD patients who visited the Pulmonary Medicine OPD at the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna. Spirometry and eosinophilic biomarkers such as blood eosinophil, sputum eosinophil, FeNO, and serum IL-5 were measured. All statistical calculations were conducted using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science 22 version (SPSS, Chicago, IL, United States).

Results:
A total of 160 COPD patients were included in the study. The mean age of the study population was 61 (±10) years. Males (68.1%) and non-smokers (55%) respectively were predominant. The prevalence of bronchodilator reversibility was found to be 32%. There was a significant difference in eosinophil biomarker levels, of sputum eosinophil count, peripheral eosinophil count, and FeNO levels between the bronchodilator non-reversible and bronchodilator reversible groups. Serum IL-5 levels were higher and more significant in GOLD group D patients.

Conclusion:
Eosinophils are crucial to the underlying inflammatory response in this subset of COPD patients, as evidenced by the observation that eosinophil biomarkers were significantly higher in COPD patients with bronchodilator reversibility. Also, sputum eosinophil levels had a better correlation in comparison to peripheral eosinophil level in this subset.
Clinical and genetic profiles of paediatric patients with cystic fibrosis from Western India
Authors: Chandane Parmarth , Chauhan Avantika , Bhosale Alpa , Balaji Mounnish , Parekh Nidhi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by genetic variant in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene that affects around 89,000 people worldwide. Loss of the CFTR chloride channel due to pathogenic variants in the CFTR gene causes obstruction in the exocrine pancreas gland and reduced lung function.

Objective:
To determine the genotype and phenotype of patients with CF from western India.

Materials and Methods:
This was a single-center retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care super speciality paediatric hospital of Mumbai, India, comprising patients aged 0 to 18 years visiting a paediatric pulmonology clinic with suspected or confirmed diagnosis of CF.

Results:
The mean (SD) age of onset of symptoms was 6.8 (10.2) months and the mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 32.5 (50.5) months. The two most common genetic variants found in our patients were c. 1521_1523delCTT (F508del) (n = 21) and c.1367T>C (V456A) (n = 10). There were nine novel genetic variants identified that have not been reported so far. The mean (SD) age of onset of symptoms was 6.8 (10.2) months and mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 32.5 (50.5) months. The most common presenting features were recurrent respiratory infections (83%), malabsorption (79%), and failure to thrive (79%). Sweat chloride testing was conducted to establish the CFTR gene dysfunction and was positive in 79% (46/58) of patients and intermediate in 15% (n = 9/58) of patients. The two most common genetic variants found in our group of patients were c. 1521_1523delCTT (F508del) (n = 21) and c.1367T>C (V456A) (n = 10). There were nine novel genetic variants identified that have not been reported so far.

Conclusion:
This study adds to the knowledge of genetic diversity in the pathogenic CFTR gene variants causing CF and highlights the importance of sequencing the entire CFTR gene as regional variations in the gene have been documented in India.
Newer research transforming 24-month treatment of MDR/XDR-TB TO 6 months
Authors: Jain Nitin , Sharma Divyam , Jain Nirmal Kumar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) is a global threat to public health and remains the second leading infectious cause of death from a single infectious agent in 2022. According to the global tuberculosis report 2023, an estimated 10.6 million people developed TB in 2022 and 1.3 million died from the disease. About 4,10,000 new cases of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) emerged in 2022. This huge burden has been recognised by World Health Organisation (WHO) by launching the End-TB strategy. The United Nations (UN) is committed to end TB epidemic globally by the year 2030; the aim is to reduce TB incidence by 80% and TB deaths by 90%. To eliminate the catastrophic cost, the Prime Minister of India has announced an ambitious plan to eliminate the TB in India by 2025, 5 years ahead of UN targets by ensuring quality health care and advanced treatment. Responding to the challenge of TB and drug-resistant tuberculosis, WHO is regularly issuing evidence-based guidelines using the International Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to assessment of new scientific evidence. Major advances have been reported in newer drugs and impact making research for new regimens in recent years. National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme has adopted effective interventions and technologies for diagnosis, treatment, and care of TB giving a new hope for elimination of TB. The present article reviews the new impact making research transforming traditional 18 to 24 months treatment of MDR/XDR TB to 6 months treatment.
Utility of stool Xpert MTB/Rif assay in the diagnosis of pulmonary and abdominal tuberculosis in children - A study from Western India
Authors: Shah Ira , Gandhi Dhruv N. , Mamtora Dhruv , Dey Meenakshi , Jain Suhani , Patil Sonal , D’souza Maneesha , Mattoo Sanjay , Shah Daksha , Puri Varsha , Bodhanwala Minnie 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Microbiological diagnosis of pediatric pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis remains difficult due to difficulty in specimen collection such as with sputum, gastric aspirates or intestinal biopsies. Stool Xpert MTB/Rif may be useful as specimen collection is non-invasive.

Objectives:
To determine the sensitivity and specificity of Stool Xpert for the diagnosis of pulmonary or intestinal tuberculosis in Indian children.

Methods:
We retrospectively compared the performance of stool Xpert, pulmonary sample Xpert (gastric lavage, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage), and Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) for 52 children with pulmonary, intestinal or disseminated tuberculosis.

Results:
Thirty (57.7%) children had positive pulmonary Xpert results, while 17(32.7%) had positive stool Xpert results. The sensitivity and specificity of stool Xpert compared to pulmonary Xpert was 43.3% and 81.8%, respectively. On using MGIT as a reference, pulmonary Xpert had a higher sensitivity compared to stool Xpert (81.8% vs. 63.6%, respectively) but lower specificity (48.8%vs.75.6%, respectively). Kappa analysis showed fair agreement between stool and pulmonary Xpert results (0.23), and moderate agreement between stool and gastric lavage Xpert results (0.43). Stool Xpert was found to be equivalent to pulmonary Xpert in detecting tuberculosis in children younger than 5 years (36.4% in both; 4 children each tested positive out of 11). No patients with isolated intestinal tuberculosis had positive stool Xpert.

Conclusion:
Stool Xpert may serve as a supplementary diagnostic tool in paediatric tuberculosis, particularly in young children where specimen collection is difficult. However, its lower sensitivity compared to pulmonary samples limits its potential as a standalone test.
Scattering theory for $C^{2}$ long-range potentials
Authors: Ito Kenichi , Skibsted Erik 
Published: February 2025

We develop a complete stationary scattering theory for Schrödinger operators on

\R^{d}

,

d\ge 2

, with

C^{2}

long-range potentials. This extends former results in the literature, in particular Isozaki (1980) and (1982), Ikebe and Isozaki (1982), and Gâtal and Yafaev (1999), which all require a higher degree of smoothness. In this sense, the spirit of our paper is similar to Hörmander [The Analysis of Linear Partial Differential Operators IV (1985), Chapter XXX] and J. Dereziński and C. Gérard [Scattering Theory of Classical and Quantum

N

-Particle Systems (1997), Section 4.7], which also develop a scattering theory under the

C^{2}

condition, however being very different from ours. While the Agmon–Hörmander theory is based on the Fourier transform and a momentum-space representation, our theory is entirely position-space based and may be seen as more related to our previous approach to scattering theory on manifolds, Ito and Skibsted (2013), (2019), and (2021). The

C^{2}

regularity is natural in the Agmon–Hörmander theory as well as in our theory, in fact probably being “optimal” in the Euclidean setting. We prove equivalence of the stationary scattering theory and a developed position-space based time-dependent scattering theory. Furthermore, we develop a related stationary scattering theory at fixed energy in terms of asymptotics of generalized eigenfunctions of minimal growth. A basic ingredient of our approach is a solution to the eikonal equation constructed from the geometric variational scheme of Cruz-Sampedro and Skibsted (2013). Another key ingredient is strong radiation condition bounds for the limiting resolvents originating in Herbst and Skibsted (1991). They improve formerly known ones by Isozaki (1980) and Saitō (1979) and considerably simplify the stationary approach. We obtain the bounds by a new commutator scheme whose elementary form allows a small degree of smoothness.
Filipino Nurse Researchers' Knowledge, perception, and attitudes toward ChatGPT and Their Research Productivity
Authors: Tuppal Cyruz P. , Ninobla Marina Magnolia G. , Loresco Richard D. , Cabradilla Mara R. , Tuppal Shanine Mae P. , Pellacoeur Leah Kalayaan A. , Roa Mary Nellie T. , Chan Judith Mary Ann R. , Panes Iril I. , Ferreras Ana Libabel U. 
Published: February 2025

Understanding how nurse researchers perceive and utilize this technology offers insights into its integration within the nursing education system in the Philippines and globally, The study described Filipino nurse researchers' knowledge, perception, and attitudes toward ChatGPT and research productivity. Using a descriptive correlational design, self-made, validated, and piloted questionnaires were sent to three hundred seventy Filipino nurse researchers, both novice (<5 years of research experience) and seasoned (> 10 years of experience). Descriptive statistics were used for profile characteristics, while an independent sample t-test was used to identify significant differences between the two groups of participants in KPA and research productivity. Pearson's product-moment correlation and a standard linear regression analysis examined the relationship between the independent (KPA) and dependent (research productivity) variables. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The largest participant group comprised female Filipino nurse researchers aged 20-30 with Master's degrees in Nursing. They reported having less than 10 years of experience as instructors and having published 1-5 research articles. The KPA scores indicated a general understanding of ChatGPT’s capabilities, as a valuable tool for research and positive regard toward its use. The study findings further revealed that the t-test did not show a statistically significant difference in perception (t=1.28, p=0.20) and research productivity (t=1.28, p=0,20). But knowledge (t=4.73, p=0.00) and attitude (t=1.28,p=0.02) were found to be significant. Further analysis revealed an adjusted R-square of .145, indicating that the independent variables (knowledge, perception, and attitude) can explain approximately 14.5% of the variance in research productivity. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between attitudes toward ChatGPT and research productivity (β = 0.141, p = 0.012). This study comprised female instructors aged 20-30 with Master's degrees in Nursing and less than 10 years of experience. They reported having 1-5 publications, suggesting moderate research activity. While the findings revealed a general understanding of ChatGPT's potential for research, participants hesitated to integrate its use due to ethical concerns, which need further education on the responsible use of ChatGPT in research. Moreover, study findings suggest that Filipino nurse researchers who are more open to using ChatGPT tend to demonstrate greater research output.
ЖАҺАНДАНУ ЗАМАНЫНДАҒЫ ЖАПОНИЯНЫҢ ӘЛЕУМЕТТІК – МӘДЕНИ КӨРІНІСІ
Authors: Сауданбекова Ш.Т. , Бейіл Е.С. 
Published: February 2025

Берілген мақалада Жапон қоғамындағы әлеуметтік мәдени процестердің заман талабына сай түрленуі жазылған. Заманауи Жапон қоғамы әлемдік модернизация мен жаһандану талаптарына қарамай дәстүрлерге, өткен өмірлеріне, ежелгі ескерткіштерге үлкен мән бере отырып, ата бабадан мұра болған мінез-құлық нормалары мен мәдениеттің формаларын сақтап қалуға тырысты. Саяси ойлау жүйесінде де, жапондықтардың әлеуметтік мінез-құлқындағы дәстүрлердің өміршеңдігін қазіргі қоғамдағы әртүрлі жағдайлармен байланыстыра отырып түсіндіреді.
Бұл мақалада Жапондықтар өздерінің парызы санайтын «гири» түсінігі адамгершілік қажеттіліктің бір түрі ретінде, ол адамды кейде өз еркіне қарсы немесе өз пайдасына қарамай бір нәрсе жасауға мәжбүр ететіні ғылыми тұрғыдан дәлелденген. Гири – абыройлы міндет, жақсылық пен жамандықтың абстрактілі түсініктеріне емес, белгілі бір жағдайларда тиісті әрекеттерді талап ететін адами қатынастарды қатаң түрде реттеуге негізделген
Криптовалюты как инструмент экономического развития Центральной Азии
Authors: Халова Г.О. , Суханов А.А. 
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматриваются преимущества криптовалют в обходе международных финансовых ограничений, привлечения инвестиций и укрепления финансовой независимости. Особое внимание уделяется многоаспектным механизмам влияния децентрализованных финансовых систем на региональные экономические модели и потенциальные перспективы их дальнейшего развития в условиях усиленного санкционного давления. Обсуждается роль криптовалют в стимулировании международной торговли и создании новой финансовой инфраструктуры в регионе. В статье также затрагивается важность создания прочной нормативной базы, которая могла бы поддерживать устойчивый рост криптовалютной экосистемы, обеспечивая баланс между инновациями и регулированием.
The article explores the advantages of cryptocurrencies in bypassing international financial restrictions, attracting investments, and strengthening financial independence. Special attention is paid to the multifaceted mechanisms through which decentralized financial systems impact regional economic models. The potential prospects for their further development under the increasing pressure of sanctions are analyzed. The role of cryptocurrencies in promoting international trade and creating a new financial infrastructure in the region is discussed. The article also addresses the importance of establishing a robust regulatory framework that could support the sustainable growth of the cryptocurrency ecosystem, ensuring a balance between innovation and regulation.
Multi-model assessment of the atmospheric and radiative effects of supersonic transport aircraft
Authors: van 't Hoff Jurriaan A. , Hauglustaine Didier , Pletzer Johannes , Skowron Agnieszka , Grewe Volker , Matthes Sigrun , Meuser Maximilian M. , Thor Robin N. , Dedoussi Irene C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Commercial supersonic aircraft may return in the near future, offering reduced travel time while flying higher in the atmosphere than subsonic aircraft, thus displacing part of the passenger traffic and associated emissions to higher altitudes. For the first time since 2007, we present a comprehensive multi-model assessment of the atmospheric and radiative effect of this displacement. We use four models (EMAC, GEOS-Chem, LMDz–INCA, and MOZART-3) to evaluate three scenarios in which subsonic aviation is partially replaced with supersonic aircraft. Replacing 4 % of subsonic traffic with Mach 2 aircraft that have a NOx emissions index of 13.8 g (NO2) kg−1 leads to ozone column loss of −0.3 % (−0.9 DU; model range from −0.4 % to −0.1 %), and it increases radiative forcing by 19.1 mW m−2 (model range from 16.7 to 28.1). This forcing is driven by water vapor (18.2 mW m−2), ozone (11.4 mW m−2), and aerosol emissions (−10.5 mW m−2). The use of a Mach 2 concept with low-NOx emissions (4.6 g (NO2) kg−1) reduces the effect on forcing and ozone to 13.4 mW m−2 (model range from 2.4 to 23.4) and −0.1 % (−0.3 DU; model range from −0.2 % to +0.0 %), respectively. If a Mach 1.6 aircraft with a lower cruise altitude and NOx emissions of 4.6 g (NO2) kg−1 is used instead, we find a near-net-zero effect on the ozone column and an increase in the radiative forcing of 3.7 mW m−2 (model range from 0.5 to 7.1). The supersonic concepts have up to 185 % greater radiative effect per passenger kilometer from non-CO2 emissions compared to subsonic aviation (excluding contrail impacts).