bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case‐control evaluation of fungiform papillae density in burning mouth syndrome
Authors: Naud Jason M. , Benca Laura , Drangsholt Mark T. , LeResche Linda , Coldwell Susan E. 
Published: August 2017

HypothesisIt has been hypothesized that high fungiform papillae density may be a risk factor for developing the taste and pain alterations characteristic of burning mouth syndrome.ObjectiveEvaluate whether fungiform papillae density, taste sensitivity, and mechanical pain sensitivity differ between burning mouth syndrome cases and controls.Study DesignThis case‐control study compared cases diagnosed with primary burning mouth syndrome with pain‐free controls.MethodsParticipants (17 female cases and 23 female controls) rated the intensity of sucrose, sodium chloride, citric acid, and quinine applied separately to each side of the anterior tongue and sampled whole mouth. Mechanical pain sensitivity was assessed separately for each side of the tongue using weighted pins. Digital photographs of participants' tongues were used to count fungiform papillae.ResultsBurning mouth syndrome cases had increased whole mouth taste intensity. Cases also had increased sensitivity to quinine on the anterior tongue, as well as increased mechanical pain sensitivity on the anterior tongue. Fungiform papillae density did not differ significantly between cases and controls. Fungiform papillae density on the left and right sides of the tongue were correlated in controls; however, there was no left/right side correlation in cases.ConclusionCases had increased pain and taste perception on the anterior tongue. The lack of correlation between left and right fungiform papillae density in cases may be an indication of asymmetrical lingual innervation in these patients.Level of Evidence3b. Laryngoscope, 128:841–846, 2018
Risk assessment of a new acceptance testing procedure for conventional linear accelerators
Authors: Harry Taylor , Yaddanapudi Sridhar , Cai Bin , Stinson Keith , Murty Goddu S. , Noel Camille , Mutic Sasa , Pawlicki Todd 
Published: August 2017

PurposeNew techniques and materials have recently been developed to expedite the conventional linac acceptance testing procedure (Med Phys. 2017;22), which use the electronic portal imaging device (EPID) for data collection. This new procedure is designed to be more efficient and robust than the conventional approach. The purpose of this work was to perform a comparative risk assessment of the two acceptance testing procedures (ATPs).Materials and MethodsFailure Modes and Effects Analysis was used to assess risks for both ATP approaches. Five domain experts (Medical Physicists) comprised the analysis team. The risk assessment method and ranking scales were adopted from the AAPM TG‐100. The number of failure pathways and associated risk priority numbers (RPNs) for the two ATP approaches were compared. RPNs > 100 were considered high‐priority failure modes.ResultsFewer failure pathways were determined for the new ATP (ATPEPID) compared to the conventional ATP (ATPconv) resulting in a 44% difference (n = 233 vs. n = 534, respectively). There were also 35% fewer RPNs > 100 for the ATPEPID (n = 40) compared to the ATPconv (n = 114). Failure pathways and RPNs > 100 for individual ATP tests were 2.0 and 3.5 times higher, on average, for the ATPconv compared to the ATPEPID, respectively. The EPID pixel sensitivity map was identified as a high risk failure for the ATPEPID.ConclusionsPotential errors due to human factors were decreased for the ATPEPID compared to ATPconv so it is possible that a largely automated linac ATP can mitigate many error occurrences. Manufacturers should be careful when designing an EPID‐based ATP to address errors in the EPID pixel sensitivity map which can potentially lead to a significant impact on patients’ treatment.
Tissue oxygenation mapping by combined chemical shift and T1 magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Franconi Florence , Lemaire Laurent , Saint‐Jalmes Hervé , Saulnier Patrick 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo propose a method for determining tissue oxygenation via the measurement of fat T1. The method is based on a 2D fat/water chemical shift‐encoded and T1‐weighted acquisition.Theory and MethodsA 2D data set was acquired with a fast spin echo sequence with several echo asymmetries and repetition times, wherein one dimension is related to the fat/water phase modulation and the other to the T1 saturation recovery. A joint magnitude‐based process of phase modulation and T1 evolution allowed for the collection of the fat fraction and T1 maps with resolved fat or water dominance ambiguity while avoiding the phased error problem.ResultsIn vitro imaging allowed for the attribution of fat content for different water/oil emulsions that demonstrated longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) sensitivity to the oxygenated emulsion environment. The fat R1 values were subsequently compared to reference values, which were measured using low receiver bandwidth acquisition to enhance water and fat signal separations. In vivo feasibility of tissue oxygenation assessment was demonstrated by investigating interscapular brown adipose tissue modifications during an air/carbogen challenge in rats.ConclusionThe proposed method offers a precise and robust estimate of tissue oxygenation illustrated by the method's ability to detect‐brown adipose tissue oxygenation modifications. Magn Reson Med 79:1981–1991, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Magnetization‐prepared shells trajectory with automated gradient waveform design
Authors: Shu Yunhong , Tao Shengzhen , Trzasko Joshua D. , Huston John , Weavers Paul T. , Bernstein Matt A. 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo develop a fully automated trajectory and gradient waveform design for the non‐Cartesian shells acquisition, and to develop a magnetization‐prepared (MP) shells acquisition to achieve an efficient three‐dimensional acquisition with improved gray‐to‐white brain matter contrast.MethodsAfter reviewing the shells k‐space trajectory, a novel, fully automated trajectory design is developed that allows for gradient waveforms to be automatically generated for specified acquisition parameters. Designs for two types of shells are introduced, including fully sampled and undersampled/accelerated shells. Using those designs, an MP‐Shells acquisition is developed by adjusting the acquisition order of shells interleaves to synchronize the center of k‐space sampling with the peak of desired gray‐to‐white matter contrast. The feasibility of the proposed design and MP‐Shells is demonstrated using simulation, phantom, and volunteer subject experiments, and the performance of MP‐Shells is compared with a clinical Cartesian magnetization‐prepared rapid gradient echo acquisition.ResultsInitial experiments show that MP‐Shells produces excellent image quality with higher data acquisition efficiency and improved gray‐to‐white matter contrast‐to‐noise ratio (by 36%) compared with the conventional Cartesian magnetization‐prepared rapid gradient echo acquisition.ConclusionWe demonstrated the feasibility of a three‐dimensional MP‐Shells acquisition and an automated trajectory design to achieve an efficient acquisition with improved gray‐to‐white matter contrast. Magn Reson Med 79:2024–2035, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Direct Relationship Between Interfacial Microstructure and Confined Crystallization in Poly(Ethylene Oxide)/Silica Composites: The Study of Polymer Molecular Weight Effects
Authors: Zhao Weiwei , Su Yunlan , Müller Alejandro J. , Gao Xia , Wang Dujin 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTWith particular focus on the characterization of polymer–nanoparticle interaction, the effects of polymer molecular weight (Mn) on confined crystallization of the interfacial region in poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/silica (SiO2) composites were investigated, employing differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic light scattering, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation techniques. Dependence of crystallization on Mn in PEO/SiO2 composites is found to be closely related to the microstructure changes in adsorbed polymer. PEO adsorbs in a manner that produces a tightly bound layer (amorphous) with constant thickness, independent of Mn, and creates a loosely bound layer with flattened structure for short PEO chains but coiled conformation for long chains. The contribution of this Mn‐dependent layer to crystallization grows with Mn, showing a transition from non‐crystalline phase to the formation of a crystallization peak (−25 to −33 °C), and then to crystallization together with non‐adsorbed PEO. The comprehensive description of the interfacial region should be a helpful tool in the preparation and modification of polymer nanocomposites. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1608–1616
Structural investigation into the C‐terminal extension of the ene‐reductase from Ralstonia (Cupriavidus) metallidurans
Authors: Opperman Diederik J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEne‐reductases (ERs), or Old Yellow Enzymes, catalyze the asymmetric reduction of various activated alkenes. This class of biocatalysts is considered an attractive alternative to current chemical technologies for hydrogenation due to their high selectivity and specificity. Here the X‐ray crystal structure of RmER, a “thermophilic”‐like ER from Ralstonia (Cupriavidus) metallidurans, is reported. Unlike other members of this class of ERs, RmER is monomeric in solution which we previously related to its atypical elongated C‐terminus. A typical dimer interface was however observed in our crystal structure, with the conserved Arg‐“finger” forming part of the adjacent monomer's active site and the elongated C‐terminus extending into the active site through contacting the “capping” domain. This dimerization also resulted in the loss of one FMN cofactor from each dimer pair. This potential transient dimerization and dissociation of FMN could conceivably explain the rapid rates previously observed when an FMN light‐driven cofactor regeneration system was used during catalysis with RmER.
Covering traumatic news stories: Factors associated with post‐traumatic stress disorder among journalists
Authors: Smith River J. , Drevo Susan , Newman Elana 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe current study examined personal and environmental factors that placed 167 U.S. journalists from diverse media organizations at risk for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after covering work‐related traumatic stories. These factors included exposure to traumatic stressors in their personal lives, work‐related traumatic stressors, and general organizational stressors. Further, personality attributes and coping styles associated with risk and resiliency were examined. Regression analyses identified avoidant emotional coping, higher levels of perceived organizational stressors, intensity of exposure to work‐related traumatic stressors, and personal trauma history as statistically significant risk factors for PTSD. The results provide empirical support for the negative impact of organizational stressors and avoidant emotional coping on journalists covering trauma‐related stories. Understanding the organizational climate journalists are working in, as well as the manner in which journalists manage work‐related stressors, is important in the development of a more comprehensive model of who may develop work‐related PTSD symptoms. Opportunities for news organizations to reduce PTSD risk among journalists are discussed.
Effect of vertical structural irregularity on seismic design of tall buildings
Authors: Mwafy Aman , Khalifa Sayed 
Published: August 2017

SummaryMany tall buildings are practically irregular as an entirely regular high‐rise building rarely exists. This study is thus devoted to assessing the approach and coefficients used in the seismic design of real‐life tall buildings with different vertical irregularity features. Five 50‐story buildings are selected and designed using finite element models and international building codes to represent the most common vertical irregularities of reinforced concrete tall buildings in regions of medium seismicity. Detailed fiber‐based simulation models are developed to assess the seismic response of the five benchmark buildings under the effect of 40 earthquake records representing far‐field and near‐source seismic scenarios. The results obtained from a large number of inelastic pushover and incremental dynamic analyses provide insights into the local and global seismic response of the reference structures and confirm the inferior local response of tall buildings with severe vertical irregularities. Due to the significant impacts of the severe irregularity types on the seismic response of tall buildings, the conservative code approach and coefficients are recommended for design. It is also concluded that although the design coefficients of buildings with moderate irregularities are adequately conservative, they can be revised to arrive at more consistent safety margins and cost‐effective designs.
Experiences of Genetic Counselors Practicing in Rural Areas
Authors: Emmet Margaret , Stein Quinn , Thorpe Erin , Campion MaryAnn 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn‐person genetic counseling clinics in rural areas are likely to improve access to genetic counseling in underserved regions, but studies have not previously examined how these clinics function or described the experience of practicing in a rural setting. The present mixed‐methods study explored the professional experiences of clinical genetic counselors who practice in rural areas, including the benefits and challenges of practicing in these settings and the counselors’ motivations for doing so. The authors surveyed 20 genetic counselors who self‐reported working in rural areas and conducted interviews with six individuals whose workplaces were confirmed as rural per RUCA code. Major obstacles to the provision of genetics services in rural areas included travel distance and low referral rates due to lack of awareness or skepticism. Facilitating factors included relying on resources such as professional networks and prioritizing outreach and education. Participants reported high professional satisfaction and were motivated to work in rural areas by personal experiences and qualities of the job such as being a generalist and having greater professional autonomy. These data demonstrate the feasibility of practicing in rural settings and suggest that in‐person rural genetic counseling clinics may complement other strategies such as alternative service delivery models in increasing access for rural residents.
Placental Pathology and Stillbirth: A Review of the Literature and Guidelines for the Less Experienced
Authors: Kulkarni Aditya D. , Palaniappan Nithiya , Evans Margaret J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe aim of this review is to examine the role of placental pathology in the understanding of singleton stillbirth. The placenta may be regarded as the “black box” of pregnancy and detailed examination may afford insight into the fetal and maternal events leading to this tragic outcome. In the UK, 1 in 200 to 1 in 240 pregnancies end in stillbirth whilst India accounts for the majority of global stillbirths. Between 2010 and 2013, India showed a decline in the stillbirth rate and it continues to fall–a recent report felt that the majority of deaths in the third trimester were preventable. However, in order to prevent such deaths we need to understand their cause. Postmortem studies may cast light on the many factors which lead to stillbirth or early neonatal death but there is anecdotal evidence that certain groups are reluctant to authorise postmortem examination and in a religiously diverse and observant country such as India, postmortem may not be acceptable to families. However, if the purpose of the postmortem study is properly explained, many families would agree to such an examination. In this paper the authors aim to look at how examination of the singleton placenta alone may provide valuable information regarding the causation of stillbirth and indicate potential treatment options for its prevention in future pregnanices. The authors will consider the more commonly encountered lesions, clinically and pathologically and provide guidelines for those less experienced in this field.
Externalizing and internalizing behaviours in adolescence, and the importance of parental behavioural and psychological control practices
Authors: Symeou Maria , Georgiou Stelios 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThe aims of the present study were to explore the impact of parental characteristics (behavioural control and psychological control) on adolescents' expression of externalizing and internalizing behaviours. To address the aim of the study, participants completed quantitative measures; the study included 538 adolescents and their mothers and fathers. Overall, 513 mothers and 464 fathers participated in the study. Adolescents completed the Children's Report on Parent Behaviour Inventory (CRPBI), while parents completed the Child Behaviour Checklist – Parent Report (Short Form; CBCL). Results of the study showed that only maternal and paternal psychological control predicted externalizing and internalizing behaviours. The conclusions have practical applications, as they can provide novel approaches in parent training programmes. Furthermore, results are discussed in relation to the connection with earlier studies and the theoretical contribution.
Real-time video telemedicine applications in the emergency department: a scoping review of literature
Authors: Kelton Danielle K. , Szulewski Adam , Howes Daniel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo collect and synthesize the literature describing the use of real-time video-based technologies to provide support in the care of patients presenting to emergency departments.Data SourceSix electronic databases were searched, including Medline, CINAHL, Embase, the Cochrane Database, DARE, and PubMed for all publications since the earliest date available in each database to February 2016.Study SelectionSelected articles were full text articles addressing the use of telemedicine to support patient care in pre-hospital or emergency department settings. The search yielded 2976 articles for review with 11 studies eligible for inclusion after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A scoping review of the selected articles was performed to better understand the different systems in place around the world and the current state of evidence supporting telemedicine use in the emergency department.ConclusionsTelemedicine support for emergency department physicians is an application with significant potential but is still lacking evidence supporting improved patient outcomes. Advances in technology, combined with more attractive price-points have resulted in widespread interest and implementation around the world. Applications of this technology that are currently being studied include support for minor treatment centres, patient transfer decision-making, management of acutely ill patients and scheduled teleconsultations.
Optimal Rock Bolt Installation Design Based on 3D Rock Stress Distribution and Stereography Coupled Analysis
Authors: Chen C. N. , Chang W. C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe position determination for rock bolt support design based on rock stress distribution is important in ensuring full mobilization of rock bolt tensions during excavation process. The monitoring of the progressive rock stress variation in magnitude and orientation can play an important role in optimal installation of rock bolt. The aim of this paper is to determine the optimal positions for rock bolt installation by computing the progressive directional variation of rock stresses and plot the stress distribution in a two-dimensional stereographic projection to capture the stress transformation during excavation process. Finally, an algorithm based on stress transformation determination for optimal rock bolt installation is proposed.
The 1982/83 surge and antecedent quiescent phase of Variegated Glacier: revising the original dataset for application in flow line models
Authors: VAN GEFFEN SHARON , OERLEMANS JOHANNES 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThe extensive dataset of Variegated Glacier's 1982/83 surge and antecedent quiescent phase is fragmentary and predominantly of flow line nature. Applying the raw centre line data in a flow line model to conduct research into the mechanism behind Variegated Glacier's surge behaviour inevitably entails problems. In this study, the incomplete dataset is extrapolated into the upper and lower parts of the glacier. Furthermore, the centre line data are adapted to account for differences between width-averaged and centre line surface mass balance and ice thickness change, inflow from tributaries, and changes in surface width over time. The modifications to the dataset are backed-up by observations and clear, plausible physical explanations. Moreover, the revised dataset meets the imposed constraints regarding ice volume flux, specific mass balance and net volume change. Hence, the final dataset is considered a satisfying revision that makes the dataset more valuable for future research. Subsequent application of the revised dataset corroborates the idea that glacier evolution during quiescence is basically the growth back towards steady state after the glacier was brought out of balance by the preceding surge.
Is there a motherhood penalty in retirement income in Europe? The role of lifecourse and institutional characteristics
Authors: MÖHRING KATJA 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThis study examines the retirement income of women in Europe, focusing on the effect of motherhood. Due to their more interrupted working careers compared to non-mothers and fathers, mothers are likely to accumulate fewer pension entitlements, and consequently, to receive lower incomes in later life. However, pension systems in Europe vary widely in the degree to which they compensate for care-related career interruptions by means of redistributive elements or pension care entitlements. Therefore, care interruptions may matter for the retirement income of women in some countries, but may be rather irrelevant in others. On the basis of life history data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARELIFE) for women aged between 60 and 75 years in 13 European countries, the interplay of individual lifecourse characteristics with institutional and structural factors is examined. The results show that the lower retirement income of mothers is mainly a result of fewer years in employment and lower-status jobs throughout the lifecourse. The analysis of institutional factors reveals that pension care entitlements are not able to provide a compensation for care-related cutbacks in working life. A generally redistributive design of the pension system including basic or targeted pension schemes, in contrast, appears as an effective measure to balance differences in employment participation over the lifecourse.