bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel design of 0.8 GHz – 1.2 GHz negative impedance series capacitor circuit
Authors: Au NgocDuc , Seo Chulhun 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTNegative impedance converter (NIC) is a broadband matching technique in radio frequency (RF) based on the non‐Foster theory. This technique in conjunction with the effect of negative impedance has been proven to achieve a wider impedance matching bandwidth than other techniques. However, it still has problems in the areas of flexible connectivity, and mismatch in the real part of negative impedance and power consumption. Those problems have led to non‐Foster circuits (NFC) not being trusted as much as high unload Q module for broadband matching. In this paper, we propose a new idea for NFC that uses balun transformers to achieve negative reactance in 0.8 GHz to 1.2 GHz with the real part of the impedance is matched to 50 Ω when the imaginary part (normally, it is the reactance of negative impedance circuit) does not change. Finally, we show and compare our results with the ideal impedance of negative lump components in both the Smith Chart and reactance. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1801–1806, 2016
Two‐arm Archimedean spiral antenna fed by broadband double sided parallel strip line
Authors: Oh Seongwon , Ahn Chihyung 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper is intended to introduce a two‐arm Archimedean spiral antenna fed by a novel feed structure based on DSPSL (Double Sided Parallel Strip Line). A DSPSL provides an ease perpendicular matching network and an impedance transition between input impedance of a spiral antenna and system's impedance of 50 Ω in broadband frequency range. Measured and simulated VSWR and radiation pattern results show a good performance over ultra‐wide band from 2 to 20 GHz. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1879–1883, 2016
Antenna and RF system for fly‐away satellite terminal communication applications on Ka‐band
Authors: Park Byung Jun , Kim Chun Won , Lee Deok Woo , Lee Sung Jae 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTAntenna and RF system for fly‐away satellite terminal communication applications on ka‐band is presented in this article. Fly‐away satellite terminals 1 or 2 people is fixed by installing motion terminal, movement and installation of equipment, and ease of operation to the user's for low‐power consumption, small size, and light weight is important. For low‐power consumption and compact and light‐weight, dual‐reflector antenna system volume using dual‐offset Gregorian antenna structure is minimized, magnesium by weight is minimized. Transmitter part of RF systems has low‐power consumption and compact light weight using the pHEMT MMIC compound devices. For harmonic rejection, the photonic band‐gap low‐pass‐filter is designed. In receiver part, low‐noise amplifier and down converter rolled into one function of the low‐noise block converter structure is designed for compact and light weight. In this article, fly‐away satellite terminal with low‐power consumption and compact light weight is described by antenna system and RF system performances. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2020–2025, 2016
20 years experience with appendicovesicostomy in paediatric patients: Complications and their re‐interventions
Authors: Reuvers Sarah H.M. , van den Hoek Joop , Blok Bertil F.M. , de Oliveira Barbosa Telma C. , Wolffenbuttel Katja P. , Scheepe Jeroen R. 
Published: May 2016

AimsTo evaluate the long‐term outcome of appendicovesicostomies and to present the frequency and timing of complications needing re‐intervention.MethodsIn this retrospective study we included patients in whom an appendicovesicostomy was created at our institution between 1993 and 2011. Patients with a follow‐up less than 1 year were excluded. Patient characteristics and conduit‐related complications requiring re‐intervention were collected.ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐eight patients were included with mean age at initial surgery of 10.1 ±  3.9 years. Two thirds of the children had underlying neurogenic disease. The mean follow‐up was 10.1 ± 4.8 years. All but one patient continued to use the catheterizable channel. Re‐intervention for conduit‐related complications was necessary in 32.0% of the patients. A second, third, and fourth re‐intervention was required in respectively 10.9%, 2.3%, and 1.6%. The commonest complications were cutaneous/fascial stenosis in 14.8%, stenosis at conduit‐bladder level in 9.4%, and stomal incontinence in 6.3% of the patients. The most performed re‐interventions were stoma revision (in 16.4% of the patients), conduit revision (10.2%), and dilatation of a stenotic tract (4.7%). 63.3% of the re‐interventions was superficial and/or endoscopic. The peak incidence of re‐interventions was in the 1st year after conduit construction and decreased yearly.ConclusionsOur study gives an overview of patients and their conduits developing from prepubertal children to young adults. During a mean follow‐up of 10.1 years, roughly one third of the patients needed a re‐intervention. We conclude that an appendicovesicostomy is an effective and durable treatment for whom transurethral clean intermittent catheterization is not feasible. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:1325–1329, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Addressing Hydrogen Bonding Motifs by Suited Substitution of Thioureas
Authors: Hollmann Katharina , Oppermann Alexander , Amen Maike , Flörke Ulrich , Egold Hans , Hoffmann Alexander , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja , Henkel Gerald 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe possibility to form hydrogen bonds with different motifs is an interesting aspect of the chemistry of thioureas especially regarding catalysis. We present nine new thioureas with different unsymmetric substitution patterns involving aromatic and aliphatic substituents including the structural characterization of four of them. Herein, three different hydrogen bond patterns could be realized. Moreover, DFT calculations were performed to investigate the strength of the hydrogen bonds. Hereby, we show that we can selectively address different hydrogen bonding motifs by the choice of substituents. This enables a correlation of the molecular structure and the bonding motifs. Additionally, by natural resonance theory, we show that the contribution of the thiolate resonance form dominates the electronic structure, which is important for coordination chemistry.
Amniocentesis
Authors: Dimri Nandita , Baijal Ashok 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAmniocentesis is the most common invasive prenatal diagnostic procedure worldwide. It is a technique of withdrawing amniotic fluid from the uterine cavity using a needle, via a transabdominal approach, under continuous ultrasound guidance, in order to obtain a sample of fetal exfoliated cells, transudates, urine, or secretions. The amniotic fluid contains amniocytes and fetal epithelial cells. Amniotic fluid can be tested directly or grown in culture for various chromosomal, bio-chemical, molecular, and microbial studies. Amniocentesis for genetic testing is generally performed between the gestational age of 16 and 20 weeks. Diagnostic amniocentesis is commonly used for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities, single gene disorders, fetal infection, and intra-amniotic inflammation. Common indications cited are advanced maternal age, positive maternal screening results for aneuploidy, structural abnormality on ultrasound, and inconclusive or positive noninvasive prenatal testing. Pre-procedure counseling and screening ultrasound should always be done before subjecting a woman to amniocentesis. Complete procedure is performed under ultrasound guidance with continuous visualization of the needle under proper aseptic conditions. Post-procedure follow-up includes documentation of fetal viability immediately after the procedure by ultrasound studies, anti-D immunoglobulin (300 g) to be administered to RhD negative women, and house rest for 24 h.
Prediction of Pre-eclampsia
Authors: Gujral Kanwal , Nayar Sakshi 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPre-eclampsia (PE) is a disease of high maternal, fetal, and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Early recognition, ideally in the first trimester of women at risk for PE will enable prophylaxis and help reduce associated adverse outcomes. No single test is supported by robust evidence to predict PE and no single test has emerged as a front runner. Screening based on risk factors has low sensitivity. Uterine artery Doppler is the primary screening modality for prediction of PE. Individually, no biomarker has shown to have sufficient clinical value in prediction of PE. However, sFlt-1/PlGF ratio performs better than others. A combination of uterine artery Doppler, maternal serum biomarkers, and maternal characteristics offers best predictive power at the moment.
Big data to smart data in Alzheimer's disease: The brain health modeling initiative to foster actionable knowledge
Authors: Geerts Hugo , Dacks Penny A. , Devanarayan Viswanath , Haas Magali , Khachaturian Zaven S. , Gordon Mark Forrest , Maudsley Stuart , Romero Klaus , Stephenson Diane ,   Brain Health Modeling Initiative (BHMI)
Published: May 2016

AbstractMassive investment and technological advances in the collection of extensive and longitudinal information on thousands of Alzheimer patients results in large amounts of data. These “big‐data” databases can potentially advance CNS research and drug development. However, although necessary, they are not sufficient, and we posit that they must be matched with analytical methods that go beyond retrospective data‐driven associations with various clinical phenotypes. Although these empirically derived associations can generate novel and useful hypotheses, they need to be organically integrated in a quantitative understanding of the pathology that can be actionable for drug discovery and development. We argue that mechanism‐based modeling and simulation approaches, where existing domain knowledge is formally integrated using complexity science and quantitative systems pharmacology can be combined with data‐driven analytics to generate predictive actionable knowledge for drug discovery programs, target validation, and optimization of clinical development.
Vitamin k3 inhibits protein aggregation: Implication in the treatment of amyloid diseases
Authors: Alam Parvez , Chaturvedi Sumit Kumar , Siddiqi Mohammad Khursheed , Rajpoot Ravi Kant , Ajmal Mohd Rehan , Zaman Masihuz , Khan Rizwan Hasan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractProtein misfolding and aggregation have been associated with several human diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and familial amyloid polyneuropathy etc. In this study, anti-fibrillation activity of vitamin k3 and its effect on the kinetics of amyloid formation of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) and Aβ-42 peptide were investigated. Here, in combination with Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay, circular dichroism (CD), transmission electron microscopy and cell cytotoxicity assay, we demonstrated that vitamin k3 significantly inhibits fibril formation as well as the inhibitory effect is dose dependent manner. Our experimental studies inferred that vitamin k3 exert its neuro protective effect against amyloid induced cytotoxicity through concerted pathway, modifying the aggregation formation towards formation of nontoxic aggregates. Molecular docking demonstrated that vitamin k3 mediated inhibition of HEWL and Aβ-42 fibrillogenesis may be initiated by interacting with proteolytic resistant and aggregation prone regions respectively. This work would provide an insight into the mechanism of protein aggregation inhibition by vitamin k3; pave the way for discovery of other small molecules that may exert similar effect against amyloid formation and its associated neurodegenerative diseases.
Efficacy of Indian polyvalent snake antivenoms against Sri Lankan snake venoms: lethality studies or clinically focussed in vitro studies
Authors: Maduwage Kalana , Silva Anjana , O’Leary Margaret A. , Hodgson Wayne C. , Isbister Geoffrey K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn vitro antivenom efficacy studies were compared to rodent lethality studies to test two Indian snake antivenoms (VINS and BHARAT) against four Sri Lankan snakes. In vitro efficacy was tested at venom concentrations consistent with human envenoming. Efficacy was compared statistically for one batch from each manufacturer where multiple vials were available. In binding studies EC50 for all VINS antivenoms were less than BHARAT for D. russelii [553 μg/mL vs. 1371 μg/mL;p = 0.016), but were greater for VINS antivenoms compared to BHARAT for N. naja [336 μg/mL vs. 70 μg/mL;p < 0.0001]. EC50 of both antivenoms was only slighty different for E. carinatus and B. caeruleus. For procoagulant activity neutralisation, the EC50 was lower for VINS compared to BHARAT - 60 μg/mL vs. 176 μg/mL (p < 0.0001) for Russell’s viper and 357 μg/mL vs. 6906μg/mL (p < 0.0001) for Saw-scaled viper. Only VINS antivenom neutralized in vitro neurotoxicity of krait venom. Both antivenoms partially neutralized cobra and didn’t neutralize Russell’s viper neurotoxicity. Lethality studies found no statistically significant difference in ED50 values between VINS and BHARAT antivenoms. VINS antivenoms appeared superior to BHARAT at concentrations equivalent to administering 10 vials antivenom, based on binding and neutralisation studies. Lethality studies were inconsistent suggesting rodent death may not measure relevant efficacy outcomes in humans.
Genome-wide differential expression of genes and small RNAs in testis of two different porcine breeds and at two different ages
Authors: Li Yao , Li Jialian , Fang Chengchi , Shi Liang , Tan Jiajian , Xiong Yuanzhu , Bin Fan  , Li Changchun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSome documented evidences proved small RNAs (sRNA) and targeted genes are involved in mammalian testicular development and spermatogenesis. However, the detailed molecular regulation mechanisms of them remain largely unknown so far. In this study, we obtained a total of 10,716 mRNAs, 67 miRNAs and 16,953 piRNAs which were differentially expressed between LC and LW pig breeds or between the two sexual maturity stages. Of which, we identified 16 miRNAs and 28 targeted genes possibly related to spermatogenesis; 14 miRNA and 18 targeted genes probably associated with cell adhesion related testis development. We also annotated 579 piRNAs which could potentially regulate cell death, nucleosome organization and other basic biology process, which implied that those piRNAs might be involved in sexual maturation difference. The integrated network analysis results suggested that some differentially expressed genes were involved in spermatogenesis through the ECM–receptor interaction, focal adhesion, Wnt and PI3K–Akt signaling pathways, some particular miRNAs have the negative regulation roles and some special piRNAs have the positive and negative regulation roles in testicular development. Our data provide novel insights into the molecular expression and regulation similarities and diversities of spermatogenesis and testicular development in different pig breeds at different stages of sexual maturity.
Improve sensitization and corrosion resistance of an Al-Mg alloy by optimization of grain boundaries
Authors: Yan Jianfeng , Heckman Nathan M. , Velasco Leonardo , Hodge Andrea M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe sensitization and subsequent intergranular corrosion of Al-5.3 wt.% Mg alloy has been shown to be an important factor in stress corrosion cracking of Al-Mg alloys. Understanding sensitization requires the review of grain boundary character on the precipitation process which can assist in developing and designing alloys with improved corrosion resistance. This study shows that the degree of precipitation in Al-Mg alloy is dependent on grain boundary misorientation angle, adjacent grain boundary planes and grain boundary types. The results show that the misorientation angle is the most important factor influencing precipitation in grain boundaries of the Al-Mg alloy. Low angle grain boundaries (≤15°) have better immunity to precipitation and grain boundary acid attack. High angle grain boundaries (>15°) are vulnerable to grain boundary acid attack. Grain boundaries with adjacent plane orientations near to {100} have potential for immunity to precipitation and grain boundary acid attack. This work shows that low Σ (Σ ≤ 29) coincident site lattice (CSL) grain boundaries have thinner β precipitates. Modified nitric acid mass loss test and polarization test demonstrated that the global corrosion resistance of sputtered Al-Mg alloy is enhanced. This may be attributed to the increased fractions of low Σ (Σ ≤ 29) CSL grain boundaries after sputtering.
High Production of 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid in Klebsiella pneumoniae by Systematic Optimization of Glycerol Metabolism
Authors: Li Ying , Wang Xi , Ge Xizhen , Tian Pingfang 
Published: May 2016

Abstract3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is an important platform chemical proposed by the United States Department of Energy. 3-HP can be converted to a series of bulk chemicals. Biological production of 3-HP has made great progress in recent years. However, low yield of 3-HP restricts its commercialization. In this study, systematic optimization was conducted towards high-yield production of 3-HP inKlebsiella pneumoniae. We first investigated appropriate promoters for the key enzyme (aldehyde dehydrogenase, ALDH) in 3-HP biosynthesis and found that IPTG-inducibletacpromoter enabled overexpression of an endogenous ALDH (PuuC) inK. pneumoniae. We optimized the metabolic flux and found that blocking the synthesis of lactic acid and acetic acid significantly increased the production of 3-HP. Additionally, fermentation conditions were optimized and scaled-up cultivation were investigated. The highest 3-HP titer was observed at 83.8 g/L with a high conversion ratio of 54% on substrate glycerol. Furthermore, a flux distribution model of glycerol metabolism inK. pneumoniaewas proposed based onin silicoanalysis. To our knowledge, this is the highest 3-HP production inK. pneumoniae. This work has significantly advanced biological production of 3-HP from renewable carbon sources.
Disclosing the essentiality of ribose-5-phosphate isomerase B in Trypanosomatids
Authors: Faria Joana , Loureiro Inês , Santarém Nuno , Cecílio Pedro , Macedo-Ribeiro Sandra , Tavares Joana , Cordeiro-da-Silva Anabela 
Published: May 2016

AbstractRibose-5-phosphate isomerase (RPI) belongs to the non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway, catalysing the inter-conversion of D-ribose-5-phosphate and D-ribulose-5-phosphate. Trypanosomatids encode a type B RPI, whereas humans have a structurally unrelated type A, making RPIB worthy of exploration as a potential drug target. Null mutant generation in Leishmania infantum was only possible when an episomal copy of RPIB gene was provided and the latter was retained both in vitro and in vivo in the absence of drug pressure. This suggests the gene is essential for parasite survival. Importantly, the inability to remove the second allele of RPIB gene in sKO mutants complemented with an episomal copy of RPIB carrying a mutation that abolishes isomerase activity suggests the essentiality is due to its metabolic function. In vitro, sKO promastigotes exhibited no defect in growth, metacyclogenesis or macrophage infection, however, an impairment in intracellular amastigotes’ replication was observed. Additionally, mice infected with sKO mutants rescued by RPIB complementation had a reduced parasite burden in the liver. Likewise, Trypanosoma brucei is resistant to complete RPIB gene removal and mice infected with sKO mutants showed prolonged survival upon infection. Taken together our results genetically validate RPIB as a potential drug target in trypanosomatids.
Normative equations for central augmentation index: assessment of inter-population applicability and how it could be improved
Authors: Jeroncic Ana , Gunjaca Grgo , Mrsic Danijela Budimir , Mudnic Ivana , Brizic Ivica , Polasek Ozren , Boban Mladen 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCommon reference values of arterial stiffness indices could be effective screening tool in detecting vascular phenotypes at risk. However, populations of the same ethnicity may differ in vascular phenotype due to different environmental pressure. We examined applicability of normative equations for central augmentation index (cAIx) derived from Danish population with low cardiovascular risk on the corresponding Croatian population from the Mediterranean area. Disagreement between measured and predicted cAIx was assessed by Bland-Altman analysis. Both, cAIx-age distribution and normative equation fitted on Croatian data were highly comparable to Danish low-risk sample. Contrarily, Bland-Altman analysis of cAIx disagreement revealed a curvilinear deviation from the line of full agreement indicating that the equations were not equally applicable across age ranges. Stratification of individual data into age decades eliminated curvilinearity in all but the 30–39 (men) and 40–49 (women) decades. In other decades, linear disagreement independent of age persisted indicating that cAIx determinants other than age were not envisaged/compensated for by proposed equations. Therefore, established normative equations are equally applicable to both Nordic and Mediterranean populations but are of limited use. If designed for narrower age ranges, the equations’ sensitivity in detecting vascular phenotypes at risk and applicability to different populations could be improved.
Susceptibility of Australian Redfin Perch Perca fluviatilis Experimentally Challenged with Epizootic Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (EHNV)
Authors: Becker Joy A. , Tweedie Alison , Gilligan Dean , Asmus Martin , Whittington Richard J. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The ranavirus epizootic hematopoietic necrosis virus (EHNV) is endemic to Australia and is listed by the Office International des Epizooties. Clinical outbreaks have only been observed in wild populations of Redfin Perch Perca fluviatilis (also known as Eurasian Perch) and farmed populations of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. The initial outbreaks of EHNV describe all age-classes of Redfin Perch as being susceptible and can lead to epidemic fish kills. Subsequently, experimental challenge studies using either cohabitation with the virus or injection exposures resulted in mixed susceptibilities across various age-groupings of Redfin Perch. We used an experimental bath challenge model to investigate the susceptibility of Redfin Perch collected from areas with and without a history of EHNV outbreaks. The median survival time for fish from Blowering Dam in New South Wales, a zone with a history of EHNV outbreaks, was 35 d, compared with fish from other areas, which had a median survival between 12 and 28 d postexposure. Redfin Perch from Blowering Dam demonstrated an increased mortality associated with epizootic hematopoietic necrosis up to approximately day 14 after exposure, and then there was a significantly reduced risk of mortality until the end of the trial compared with all other fish. Redfin Perch from Blowering Dam had markedly decreased susceptibility to EHNV, and less than 40% became infected following a bath challenge. In contrast, Redfin Perch from neighboring (e.g., Bethungra Dam and Tarcutta Creek) and distant water bodies (e.g., in Western Australia) with no previous history of EHNVdisplayed moderate to high susceptibility when given a bath challenge. Potential factors for the observed changes in the host–pathogen relationship include intense positive selection pressure for resistant fish following epizootic hematopoietic necrosis outbreaks and subsequent attenuation of the virulence of the virus in resistant fish.
Received August 22, 2015; accepted February 13, 2016