bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of psychomotor retardation and its relation to the sensory profi le in preschool children
Authors: Delgado Laura , Montes Rebeca , Prieto José Antonio 
Published: November 2016

The psychological and motor development of typically developing preschool children is usually not tracked in the educational environment. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of psychomotor retardation and the relationship between psychomotor development and sensory integration processes. The sample included 66 children from preschool, with a mean age of 4.2 years. It applied the Observational Scale of Development in its short version (EOD-B as its Spanish original term) and the Sensory Pro file (SP). The ANOVA revealed a strong association between the presence of psychomotor and sensory processing disorders (p = 0.001). In addition, the data revealed a high prevalence of regulatory disorders in the sensory pro fi le (30%) and psychomotor retardation (20%). The results open new lines of research and intervention in psychomotor development within the educational environment.
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment for Somatic Dysfunction After Acute Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: McCallister Adrienne , Brown Christopher , Smith Michael , Ettlinger Hugh , Baltazar Gerard A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSomatic dysfunction caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be managed by osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). In this case report, the authors describe 2 patients with severe TBI who were each treated with OMT in a level-1 regional trauma center. Both patients received OMT beginning in the acute care phase of injury. Somatic dysfunction improved during the course of treatment, and no adverse effects of OMT were noted. More comprehensive research may clarify the efficacy and adverse effects of OMT as part of multimodal acute care of patients with severe TBI.
Suppression of endurance degradation by applying constant voltage stress in one-transistor and one-resistor resistive random access memory
Authors: Su Yu-Ting , Chang Ting-Chang , Tsai Tsung-Ming , Chang Kuan-Chang , Chu Tian-Jian , Chen Hsin-Lu , Chen Min-Chen , Yang Chih-Cheng , Huang Hui-Chun , Lo Ikai , Zheng Jin-Cheng , Sze Simon M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this letter we demonstrate an operation method that effectively suppresses endurance degradation. After many operations, the off-state of resistance random access memory (RRAM) degrades. This degradation is caused by reduction of active oxygen ions participating in the set process, as determined by current fitting of current–voltage (I–V) curves obtained from the endurance test between the interval of seventy to one hundred million operations. To address this problem, we propose the application of constant voltage stress after every five million operations during the endurance test. The experimental result shows that this method can maintain oxygen ions at the proper depth in the electrode and improve RRAM reliability.
Thermoelectric and electrical properties of micro-quantity Sn-doped amorphous indium–zinc oxide thin films
Authors: Byeon Jayoung , Kim Seohan , Lim Jae-Hong , Song Jae Yong , Park Sun Hwa , Song Pungkeun 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
To realize high thermoelectric performance, it was tried to control both high electrical conductivity (σ) and low thermal conductivity (K) for the Sn-doped indium–zinc oxide films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering. The highest power factor was obtained post-annealed at 200 °C due to the highest σ. However, the highest figure of merit was obtained annealed at 500 °C. It could be attributed to both amorphous structure with low K by phonon and the highest Hall mobility. Thermoelectric and electrical properties of the film could be controlled by both heat treatment and Sn doping with high bond enthalpy.
Lärares uppfattningar om betydelsen av estetiska uttrycksformer i svenskämnet.
Authors: Dahlbäck Katharina 
Published: November 2016

Studiens syfte är att diskutera lärares uppfattningar om estetiska uttrycksformer i svenskämnet. De sätt på vilka svenskämnet konstrueras och rekonstrueras genom styrdokument, ämnestraditioner, lärarutbildning, skolkontext och lärares uppfattningar påverkar vilket svenskämne barn möter i skolan. Associationsintervjuer med utgångspunkt i åtta nyckelord genomfördes med sex lärare som undervisar elever som är 7-9 år gamla, i årskurs ett till tre. Intervjuerna analyserades med kritisk diskursanalys. Studien visar en variation av undervisningspraktiker där några informanter framställer svenskämnet som ett färdighetsämne. Andra lärare beskriver ett erfarenhetsbaserat multimodalt svenskämne där estetiska uttrycksformer har legitimitet som didaktiska verktyg. Estetiska uttrycksformer ses av dessa lärare som vägar in i skriftspråket, de kompenserar för olikheter och skapar gemenskap. I studien framkommer hur estetiska uttrycksformer tilldelas både intrinsikala och instrumentella värden.
Superacid‐Catalyzed Trifluoromethylthiolation of Aromatic Amines
Authors: Bonazaba Milandou Longin Justin Clair , Carreyre Hélène , Alazet Sébastien , Greco Gino , Martin‐Mingot Agnès , Nkounkou Loumpangou Célestine , Ouamba Jean‐Maurille , Bouazza Fodil , Billard Thierry , Thibaudeau Sébastien 
Published: November 2016

AbstractUpon activation under superacid conditions, functionalized tailor‐made N‐SCF3 sulfenamides served as reagents for the trifluoromethylthiolation of aromatic amines. This method has a broad substrate scope and can be used for the late‐stage functionalization of complex molecules such as alkaloids or steroids. Mechanistic studies based on in situ low‐temperature NMR spectroscopy revealed the involvement of dicationic superelectrophilic intermediates.
Switchable Surface Hydrophobicity–Hydrophilicity of a Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Rodríguez‐Hermida Sabina , Tsang Min Ying , Vignatti Claudia , Stylianou Kyriakos C. , Guillerm Vincent , Pérez‐Carvajal Javier , Teixidor Francesc , Viñas Clara , Choquesillo‐Lazarte Duane , Verdugo‐Escamilla Cristóbal , Peral Inmaculada , Juanhuix Jordi , Verdaguer Albert , Imaz Inhar , Maspoch Daniel , Giner Planas José 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMaterials with surfaces that can be switched from high/superhydrophobicity to superhydrophilicity are useful for myriad applications. Herein, we report a metal–organic framework (MOF) assembled from ZnII ions, 1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate, and a hydrophobic carborane‐based linker. The MOF crystal‐surface can be switched between hydrophobic and superhydrophilic through a chemical treatment to remove some of the building blocks.
Preparation of superhydrophobic nanocomposite fiber membranes by electrospinning poly(vinylidene fluoride)/silane coupling agent modified SiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Sun Haixiang , Xu Yanyan , Zhou Yingying , Gao Wen , Zhao Haoru , Wang Wenguang 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTSuperhydrophobic nanocomposite fiber membranes were prepared by blend electrospinning of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) mixed with silane coupling agent modified SiO2 nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were prepared by the sol–gel method, and the average particle diameter was measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of the type of silane coupling agent, such as n‐octyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane (A‐171), and vinyltriethoxysilane (A‐151), and the mass ratio of the modified silica particles and PVDF on the surface wettability of the composite fiber membrane were investigated. The results indicated that the incorporation of silane coupling agent modified silica particles into the PVDF membrane increased the roughness of the surface and formed micro/nano dual‐scale structure compared to the pristine PVDF membrane, which was responsible for the superhydrophobicity and self‐cleaning property of the nanocomposite fiber membranes. The value of water contact angle (CA) increased with the increase of the content of modified SiO2 nanoparticles in the nanocomposite membrane, ranging from 149.8° to 160.1° as the mass ratio of modified 170 nm SiO2 with PVDF matrix increased from 0.5:1 to 5:1, indicating the membrane possesses a superhydrophobic surface. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44501.
Reassessing Surface Artefact Scatters. The Integration of Artefact‐Accurate Fieldwalking with Geophysical Data at Medieval Harbour Sites Near Bruges (Belgium)
Authors: Trachet Jan , Delefortrie Samuël , Van Meirvenne Marc , Hillewaert Bieke , De Clercq Wim 
Published: November 2016

AbstractArchaeological fieldwalking is particularly used to detect sites within a landscape, rather than to assess the internal structure of a site itself. Contributory to this trend is that surface artefact patterns collected by pedestrian field survey are rarely seen as valuable archaeological data for intra‐site research. In recent decades, they have been overtaken by other non‐invasive prospection methods, which seem to be more efficient and time‐effective. This paper aims to reassess fieldwalking as a valuable intra‐site prospection method and explores its added value when used in a multidisciplinary framework. The medieval lost harbour site of Monnikerede near Bruges (Belgium) is used as a first test‐case. The site was subjected to a grid survey in 1985 and recently acted as the location for an intensive artefact‐accurate fieldwalking survey as well as an extensive geophysical survey. Comparing the recent global navigation satellite system (GNSS)‐underpinned fieldwalking survey results with a 10 m × 10 m grid survey from 1985, demonstrates the gain in knowledge and detail using the former method. The combination of both fieldwalking and geophysics showed both significant positive and negative relations between surface artefact scatters and subsurface anomalies, hence pointing to the complementary nature and added value of the methods being jointly applied. In addition, the combination of both techniques was tested on a second lost harbour site near Hoeke, to further evaluate the potential of the applied methodology. The results demonstrate that, although the sites have been heavily ploughed for decades, the lateral displacement of artefacts is limited and confined to the original medieval allotment. Finally the integration of surface artefacts with geophysical anomalies enabled to enhance the spatio‐temporal interpretation of both sites. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
“To Twist or Not to Twist”: Figure‐of‐Eight and Planar Structures of Octaphyrins
Authors: Shivran Neelam , Gadekar Santosh C. , Anand Venkataramanarao G. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAmongst the various porphyrinoids, octaphyrin has attracted significant attention owing to its diverse syntheses, conformations, and metal‐ligation properties. Octaphyrin is a higher homologue of porphyrin and is formed by linking together heterocycles such as pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and selenophene through α‐α or α‐meso carbon bonds. The planar conformation is mainly achieved through inversion of the heterocyclic units from the center of macrocycle; avoiding meso‐bridges; introducing a para‐quinodimethane bridge; employing a neo‐confusion approach; protonation; and by generating dianionic species. In this Focus Review, recent synthetic advancements in the field of octaphyrins are summarized. The twisted conformation of the octaphyrin binds to two metal ions in a tetracoordinate geometry. The diphosphorus complex of octaphyrin represents the first example of a stable expanded isophlorin.
ICD‐10–based expanded code set for use in cleft lip/palate research and surveillance
Authors: Allori Alexander C. , Cragan Janet D. , Cassell Cynthia H. , Marcus Jeffrey R. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundOn October 1, 2015, the United States required use of the Clinical Modification of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD‐10‐CM) for diagnostic coding. The ICD‐10‐CM code set is limited to gross categories for cleft lip and/or cleft palate (using only four of a possible seven characters).MethodsHerein, a clinically useful expansion of the ICD‐10‐CM code set is proposed to improve the diagnostic accuracy necessary for individual clinical, research, and statistical projects that require it. (This is similar to how the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/British Pædiatric Association Code served to extend the ICD‐9 code base.)ResultsOur proposed expansion does not replace the required use of ICD‐10‐CM for clinical, administrative, or financial transactions. Rather, it is offered as an optional set of cleft codes that could be used in parallel to document true classification‐level data with phenotypic accuracy.ConclusionThe expanded set is “collapsible” into the official ICD‐10‐CM codes; this improves compatibility of the expanded codes that would be contained in research and epidemiologic databases with the standard codes from hospital electronic medical record systems and administrative billing data. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:905–914, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Geographic distribution of live births with tetralogy of Fallot in North Carolina 2003 to 2012
Authors: Nelson Jennifer S. , Stebbins Rebecca C. , Strassle Paula D. , Meyer Robert E. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundGeographic variation in congenital heart disease is not well‐described. This study uses geographic information systems (GIS) to describe the spatial epidemiology of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), in North Carolina (NC) and to compare travel time for cases to congenital heart centers in NC.MethodsUsing the NC Birth Defects Monitoring Program database, live births with TOF born between 2003 and 2012 were identified. Birth certificates provided demographic variables. A denominator of live births/zip code was obtained from the NC live births database. ArcGIS® software was used to illustrate TOF prevalence by zip code, and SatScanTM was used to identify spatial clusters of TOF cases and to identify changes in cluster location over time. Driving time to each of five NC congenital heart centers was predicted based on road systems information.ResultsA total of 496 infants were born with TOF between 2003 and 2012. The prevalence was 4.2/10,000 live births. A large cluster (330 zip codes, 306 cases) was identified in northeastern NC. Average driving time for each case to closest congenital heart center was: University of North Carolina 37 min, Vident Medical Center 64 min, Duke University 58 min, Carolina's Medical Center 89 min, and Wake Forest Baptist Health 57 min. Overall, average predicted driving time to the nearest congenital heart center was 61 min.ConclusionApproximately 50 infants/year were born with TOF in NC. One cluster was identified. Further study is necessary to explore potential explanations for the observed case cluster. As interest in regionalization of congenital heart surgery grows, GIS and spatial analysis can become increasingly useful tools for health care planning. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:881–887, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Association between antibiotic use among pregnant women with urinary tract infections in the first trimester and birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study 1997 to 2011
Authors: Ailes Elizabeth C. , Gilboa Suzanne M. , Gill Simerpal K. , Broussard Cheryl S. , Crider Krista S. , Berry Robert J. , Carter Tonia C. , Hobbs Charlotte A. , Interrante Julia D. , Reefhuis Jennita ,   and The National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: November 2016

BackgroundPrevious studies noted associations between birth defects and some antibiotics (e.g., nitrofurantoin, sulfonamides) but not others (e.g., penicillins). It is unclear if previous findings were due to antibiotic use, infections, or chance. To control for potential confounding by indication, we examined associations between antibiotic use and birth defects, among women reporting urinary tract infections (UTIs).MethodsThe National Birth Defects Prevention Study is a multi‐site, population‐based case‐control study. Case infants/fetuses have any of over 30 major birth defects and controls are live‐born infants without major birth defects. We analyzed pregnancies from 1997 to 2011 to estimate the association between maternally reported periconceptional (month before conception through the third month of pregnancy) use of nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole, or cephalosporins and specific birth defects, among women with periconceptional UTIs. Women with periconceptional UTIs who reported penicillin use served as the comparator.ResultsPericonceptional UTIs were reported by 7.8% (2029/26,068) of case and 6.7% (686/10,198) of control mothers. Most (68.2% of case, 66.6% of control mothers) also reported antibiotic use. Among 608 case and 231 control mothers reporting at least one periconceptional UTI and certain antibiotic use, compared with penicillin, nitrofurantoin use was associated with oral clefts in the offspring (adjusted odds ratio, 1.97 [95% confidence interval, 1.10–3.53]), trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole use with esophageal atresia (5.31 [1.39–20.24]) and diaphragmatic hernia (5.09 [1.20–21.69]), and cephalosporin use with anorectal atresia/stenosis (5.01 [1.34–18.76]).ConclusionPericonceptional exposure to some antibiotics might increase the risk for certain birth defects. However, because individual birth defects are rare, absolute risks should drive treatment decisions.Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:940–949, 2016.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of the Western Australian Register of Developmental Anomalies: Thirty‐five years of surveillance
Authors: Nembhard Wendy N. , Bower Carol 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundThe birth defects component of the Western Australian Register for Developmental Anomalies (WARDA‐BD) was evaluated to assess its efficiency, effectiveness, and data quality.MethodsWARDA‐BD was evaluated using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems and Data Quality Standards from the National Birth Defects Prevention Network. The evaluation included interviews with Register staff, local community organizations, parents, clinicians, and researchers; process observation; and secondary data analyses.ResultsWARDA‐BD is a statutory, statewide, population‐based surveillance system established in 1980 that monitors approximately 30,000 births annually. Identification of eligible cases is for children up to age 6 years through active and passive ascertainment methods from multiple sources including birth, death, and hospitalization data; antenatal ultrasonography; hospital unit logs; medical records; fetal medicine departments; cytogenetic laboratories; specialty clinics; and pediatric surgery and pathology departments. Defect diagnoses are verified and coded using the 5‐digit British Paediatric Association extension of the International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision system. Register staff monitor Register data for completeness and accuracy resulting in high quality data with a low percentage of missing items.ConclusionStrengths of WARDA‐BD include high data quality, timeliness, representativeness, stable funding, active community engagement, and high staff retention. Its data were used in numerous epidemiologic investigations resulting in >325 peer‐reviewed publications. Potential weaknesses include the limited number of variables collected and low visibility. Although WARDA‐BD uses labor intensive case ascertainment and quality assurance and control processes, the Register provides accurate and essential data for stakeholders. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:894–904, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using state and provincial surveillance programs to reduce risk of recurrence of neural tube defects in the United States and Canada: A missed opportunity?
Authors: Flood Timothy J. , Rienks Chelsea M. , Flores Alina L. , Mai Cara T. , Frohnert Barbara K. , Rutkowski Rachel E. , Evans Jane A. , Kirby Russell S. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundOnce a woman has had a fetus or infant affected with a neural tube defect (NTD), the risk of recurrence is approximately 3%. This risk can be significantly reduced by folic acid supplement consumption during the periconceptional period; however, this requires women at risk to be adequately informed about the appropriate dosage and timing of supplement intake before planning another pregnancy. As birth defects surveillance programs are tasked with identifying and documenting NTD‐affected pregnancies and births, they are in a unique position to support recurrence prevention activities.MethodsIn 2015, we surveyed state and provincial birth defects surveillance programs to assess their NTD recurrence prevention activities. The online survey was sent to programs in 52 United States (U.S.) jurisdictions and all 13 provinces and territories in Canada. Findings were compared with a similar survey conducted in 2005 among U.S. programs.ResultsIn 2015, of the 44 U.S. and Canadian surveillance programs that responded, only 9 programs (7 U.S. and 2 Canadian) reported currently having activities specifically directed toward preventing NTD recurrence. Compared with a 2005 survey of U.S. programs, the number of U.S. programs working on NTD recurrence prevention decreased by almost 50% (from 13 to 7 programs).ConclusionThe number of birth defects surveillance programs with NTD recurrence prevention activities has decreased over the past decade due to a range of barriers, most notably a lack of resources. However, while some recurrence prevention activities require part‐time staff, other activities could be accomplished using minimal resources. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:875–880, 2016.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Population‐based microcephaly surveillance in the United States, 2009 to 2013: An analysis of potential sources of variation
Authors: Cragan Janet D. , Isenburg Jennifer L. , Parker Samantha E. , Alverson C.J. , Meyer Robert E. , Stallings Erin B. , Kirby Russell S. , Lupo Philip J. , Liu Jennifer S. , Seagroves Amanda , Ethen Mary K. , Cho Sook Ja , Evans MaryAnn , Liberman Rebecca F. , Fornoff Jane , Browne Marilyn L. , Rutkowski Rachel E. , Nance Amy E. , Anderka Marlene , Fox Deborah J. , Steele Amy , Copeland Glenn , Romitti Paul A. , Mai Cara T. ,   for the National Birth Defects Prevention Network
Published: November 2016

BackgroundCongenital microcephaly has been linked to maternal Zika virus infection. However, ascertaining infants diagnosed with microcephaly can be challenging.MethodsThirty birth defects surveillance programs provided data on infants diagnosed with microcephaly born 2009 to 2013. The pooled prevalence of microcephaly per 10,000 live births was estimated overall and by maternal/infant characteristics. Variation in prevalence was examined across case finding methods. Nine programs provided data on head circumference and conditions potentially contributing to microcephaly.ResultsThe pooled prevalence of microcephaly was 8.7 per 10,000 live births. Median prevalence (per 10,000 live births) was similar among programs using active (6.7) and passive (6.6) methods; the interdecile range of prevalence estimates was wider among programs using passive methods for all race/ethnicity categories except Hispanic. Prevalence (per 10,000 live births) was lowest among non‐Hispanic Whites (6.5) and highest among non‐Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics (11.2 and 11.9, respectively); estimates followed a U‐shaped distribution by maternal age with the highest prevalence among mothers <20 years (11.5) and ≥40 years (13.2). For gestational age and birth weight, the highest prevalence was among infants <32 weeks gestation and infants <1500 gm. Case definitions varied; 41.8% of cases had an HC ≥ the 10th percentile for sex and gestational age.ConclusionDifferences in methods, population distribution of maternal/infant characteristics, and case definitions for microcephaly can contribute to the wide range of observed prevalence estimates across individual birth defects surveillance programs. Addressing these factors in the setting of Zika virus infection can improve the quality of prevalence estimates. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:972–982, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.