bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum CXCL13 as a Novel Biomarker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Tojo Shin , Nakashiro Koh‐ichi , Kuribayashi Nobuyuki , Uchida Daisuke 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite its low sensitivity (approximately 30%), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen is commonly utilized as a serum tumor marker for oral SCC (OSCC) in clinical settings. The objective of this research was to identify novel biomarkers for OSCC.MethodsInitially, we performed microarray analysis to evaluate the gene expression signatures of primary OSCC and normal oral mucosal tissues. Our findings showed the C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) to be a promising novel biomarker as it was consistently overexpressed in primary OSCC tissues, a conclusion corroborated by polymerase chain reaction results. Subsequently, we measured serum CXCL13 levels in 125 patients with OSCC using a sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and compared the results with those of 29 healthy individuals.ResultsRemarkably, the levels of serum CXCL13 were consistently elevated in patients with OSCC, and the high expression of serum CXCL13 was notably associated with tumor size and neck lymph node metastasis. Patients with advanced OSCC with high‐serum CXCL13 levels exhibited poor prognosis regarding both overall and disease‐free survival. Finally, spatial transcriptome analysis revealed CXCL13 and CD8 expressions within tumor area clusters but not in adjacent normal areas, suggesting specific overexpression of CXCL13 in primary OSCC tissues.ConclusionThese findings imply that serum CXCL13 holds diagnostic and prognostic value, showing promise as a novel biomarker for OSCC.
Mediations of executive function, social cognitions, and interpersonal conflict in explaining the impact of self‐esteem on disordered eating: structural equation modelling
Authors: Zanella Elise , Lee Eunro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe complexity of psychological mechanisms in disordered eating behaviours was tested using a nonclinical sample (female adults from English speaking countries, N = 334). Concerning the development and maintenance of disturbed cognition and eating behaviour, theories of self‐esteem, executive function, and emotion regulation as well as interpersonal and transdiagnostic theories and theory of mind were applied with covariates of depression, anxiety, family functioning, and demographic variables. Structural Equation Modelling demonstrated seven variables mediated the impact of self‐esteem upon disordered eating. The theory of mind variable, when measured on the emotion recognition component, was a significant mechanism in explaining both anorexic eating and shape concerns, and bulimic symptoms. Meanwhile, thwarted belongingness, social evaluation, social conflict, and executive function—cognitive flexibility—were suggested mechanisms for shape and weight concerns, and restrictive eating. In contrast, emotion regulation and another executive function variable of negative urgency appeared as mechanisms of bulimic symptoms and behaviours.
Morphology Regulation of Organophosphate Crystals by Micro‐Jetting Technique
Authors: Yang Qian , Yang Wenbo , Guo Zhaoyan , Zhou Yumeng , Ru Yue , Qi Guicun , Gao Dali , Tao Shengyang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOrganophosphates nucleating agents are widely used in the plastics industry. Nucleating agents with different morphologies have various effects on the resin materials. The micro‐jetting technique is shown to be a promising tool for the controlled preparation of micro‐and nano‐sized particles. Therefore, in this paper, controllable preparation of sodium 2,2'‐methylene‐bis‐(4,6‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl) phosphate (NA11) is achieved by the micro‐jetting technique. The study focused on the impact of various parameters on its shape and size. Hexagonal, rhombic, rod‐shaped, and needle‐shaped micro‐sized NA11 crystals are prepared. The results show that the decrease in the polarity of the organic solvents added in the antisolvent water led to the transformation of NA11 from bulk hexagon to plate‐like rhombus and finally to needle‐shaped crystals. The addition of surfactants can regulate the crystal growth rates and orientations, thereby facilitating the formation of rod‐shaped crystals. Based on rod‐shaped crystals, the crystal size is studied. Crystals with average particle sizes in the range of 40–100 µm can be obtained with coefficients of variation as low as 4% by varying the relevant experimental parameters such as the supersaturation, the solution homogeneity in the crystal growth environment, and the mixing intensity. This study provides references for designing functional materials.
Recurrent wheezing and asthma—Epidemiology and environmental determinants
Authors: Ayuk Adaeze C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWheeze is the musical continuous sound produced by oscillations in any critically narrowed airways, and heard mostly on expiration. It is common in preschool age, about half of all children will experience an episode of wheezing by their sixth birthday. Asthma is usually characterized by cough, wheeze, chest tightness and fast breathing. It is a significant global health issue and affects both children and adults. The prevalence is on the increase, especially in LMIC. Studies from different populations have revealed the key role influencing the progression from preschool wheezing to childhood asthma. Recurrent wheezing is four or more episodes in the preceding year and has a spectrum of phenotypes and with heterogeneous features. Phenotypes of wheezing were proposed to facilitate the identification of young children who are at risk of subsequent development of asthma. The epidemiology and environmental determinants of recurrent wheezing and asthma are discussed.
Long‐Lasting, Transparent Antibacterial Shield: A Durable, Broad‐Spectrum Anti‐Bacterial, Non‐Cytotoxic, Transparent Nanocoating for Extended Wear Contact Lenses
Authors: Park Nahyun , Moon Chae‐Eun , Song Younseong , Yu Sun Sang , Kwon Ji‐Min , Yoon Sunghyun , Park Seonghyeon , Jeong Booseok , Yeun Jemin , Hardie Joseph Michael , Lee Jun‐ki , Lee Kyoung G. , Ji Yong Woo , Im Sung Gap 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe increasing incidence of serious bacterial keratitis, a sight‐threatening condition often exacerbated by inadequate contact lens (CLs) care, highlights the need for innovative protective technology. This study introduces a long‐lasting antibacterial, non‐cytotoxic, transparent nanocoating for CLs via a solvent‐free polymer deposition method, aiming to prevent bacterial keratitis. The nanocoating comprises stacked polymer films, with poly(dimethylaminomethyl styrene‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (pDE) as a biocompatible, antibacterial layer atop poly(2,4,6,8‐tetramethyl‐2,4,6,8‐tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane) (pV4D4) as an adhesion‐promoting layer. The pD6E1‐grafted (g)‐pV4D4 film shows non‐cytotoxicity toward two human cell lines and antibacterial activity of >99% against four bacteria, including methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), an antibiotic‐resistant bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which causes ocular diseases. Additionally, the film demonstrates long‐lasting antibacterial activity greater than 96% against MRSA for 9 weeks in phosphate‐buffered saline. To the best knowledge, this duration represents the longest reported long‐term stability with less than 5% decay of antibacterial performance among contact‐killing antibacterial coatings. The film exhibits exceptional mechanical durability, retaining its antibacterial activity even after 15 washing cycles. The pD6E1‐g‐pV4D4‐coated CL maintains full optical transmittance compared to that of pristine CL. It is expected that the unprecedentedly prolonged antibacterial performance of the coating will significantly alleviate the risk of infection for long‐term CL users.
A Self‐Driven Ga2O3 Memristor Synapse for Humanoid Robot Learning
Authors: Zhang Jianya , Li Jiamin , Xu Rui , Wang Yudie , Wang Jiawen , Wang Tianxiang , Zhao Yukun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the rapid development of brain‐inspired neuromorphic systems has created an imperative demand for artificial photonic synapses that operate with low power consumption. In this study, a self‐driven memristor synapse based on gallium oxide (Ga2O3) nanowires is proposed and demonstrated successfully. This memristor synapse is capable of emulating a range of functionalities of biological synapses when exposed to 255 nm light stimulation. These functionalities encompass peak time‐dependent plasticity, pulse facilitation, and memory learning capabilities. It exhibits an ultrahigh paired‐pulse facilitation index of 158, indicating exceptional learning performance. The transition from short‐term memory to long‐term memory can be attributed to the remarkable relearning capabilities. Furthermore, the potential applications of the memristor synapse is showcased through the successful manipulation of a humanoid intelligent robot. Upon establishing artificial intelligence (AI) systems, the control commands originating from the synaptic device can drive the humanoid robot to perform various actions. Based on the memristor synapses, the autonomous feedback system of the humanoid robot facilitates a good collaboration between robotic actions and bio‐inspired light perception. Therefore, this research opens up an effective way to advance the development of neuromorphic computing technologies, AI systems, and intelligent robots that demand ultra‐low energy consumption.
Roll‐to‐Roll Manufactured Polyetherimide Nanocomposite With Different Diameters of SiO2 Nanoparticles Exhibiting Improved High‐Temperature Dielectric Energy Storage Performance
Authors: Sun Binzhou , Guo Zongqiang , Wang Jian , Zhao Zihan , Yu Tianjiao , Shen Zhonghui , Shen Yang , Hu Penghao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo enhance the high‐temperature energy storage performance of the polymer‐based dielectric film, inorganic nanofillers with large band gaps are much more effective and have been widely adopted. However, the impact of nanoparticle diameters on the dielectric properties of polymer nanocomposites has been less studied. Herein, silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2‐NPs) with varying diameters (20, 60, 120, 200 nm) prepared by the sol‐gel method are incorporated in the PEI matrix to form PEI/SiO2 nanocomposites. The characterization results reveal a distinct correlation between the dielectric properties of polyetherimide (PEI) composites and the diameters of SiO2‐NPs. Leakage current density analysis and breakdown strength simulations indicate that SiO2‐NPs with smaller diameters generate more deep traps that impede the transport of charge carriers, especially under high temperatures. Notably, PEI/20 nm‐SiO2 exhibits a high discharged energy density of 4.4 J cm−3 with an efficiency of 90% at 150 °C. Furthermore, PEI/SiO2 films with 10 µm in thickness are manufactured by a large‐scale solution casting process. The continuously prepared PEI/20 nm‐SiO2 film exhibits a discharged energy density of 3.2 J cm−3 with an efficiency of 90% at 150 °C. This study not only provides a strategy for the design of high‐performance dielectric polymer composites but also offers a large‐scale high‐temperature dielectric film for practical use.
Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide: The Public Provision of Death as a New Bio-Right?
Authors: Pereira-Sáez Carolina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn certain countries, the public authorities have shaped the provision of death on request, in certain circumstances, as a legal right, implying a public obligation to dispense death. Death is thus the provision to be supplied, the object of the right. Spain's latest legislation on euthanasia and assisted suicide is a paradigmatic case. The purpose of this paper is to consider this bio-right as a new right, belonging to a new and distinct category of rights –not just a further generation of rights continuing the previous ones. To this end, it firstly focuses on the claim that this new bio-right is grounded on classic rights, of previous generations –a claim found both in the academic discourse and in recent Spanish legislation. Secondly, therefore, it tries to analyse the relevant features of this new bio-right that can also be found in other new rights, in order to confirm a previously launched proposal for the differentiation of this new category of rights. Finally, in conclusion, it points out some aspects of the understanding of the Law that these new rights imply: new rights form part of a Law that is also new.
Digitale Bildung in den Bildungsplänen
Authors: Mues Anna , Wirth Astrid , Schiele Tina , Niklas Frank 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Bildungspläne, die die Rahmenbedingungen für die Bildungsarbeit in Kitas festlegen, unterscheiden sich von Bundesland zu Bundesland und sind nicht verpflichtend. Dennoch finden sich aufgrund der zunehmenden Digitalisierung in fast allen Bildungsplänen medienpädagogische Themen. Kinder sollen durch, über und mit Medien lernen. Besonders wichtig ist dabei die Förderung der kindlichen Medienkompetenz, des kritisch-reflexiven Umgangs mit Medien und der gesellschaftlichen Teilhabe. Trotz der Verankerung in den Bildungsplänen bleibt allerdings die praktische Umsetzung in den Kitas uneinheitlich, da sie von den verfügbaren Ressourcen und den Einstellungen der pädagogischen Fachkräfte abhängt. Für eine angemessene Umsetzung der Bildungspläne sind sowohl eine geeignete technische Ausstattung als auch die medienpädagogische Weiterbildung der Fachkräfte erforderlich.
Digitalisierung in Kitas
Authors: Mues Anna , Wirth Astrid , Schiele Tina , Niklas Frank 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDigitalisierung in Kitas ist unverzichtbar und umfasst medienpädagogische Arbeit, administrative Aufgaben und eine angemessene Nutzung durch die Kinder. Zentral ist hierbei die Förderung der Medienkompetenz sowohl der Kinder als auch der Fachkräfte. Medienkompetenz geht über die technische Bedienung digitaler Geräte hinaus und umfasst kognitive, emotionale, ästhetische und moralische Aspekte. Für eine erfolgreiche Integration digitaler Medien in die Kita sind kompetente Fachkräfte, eine angemessene Ausstattung und gezielte Unterstützung unerlässlich. Ein strukturiertes Medienkonzept und eine sorgfältige Bedarfsplanung sind dabei von zentraler Bedeutung. Wissenschaftliche Befunde zeigen, dass digitale Medien die Bildung fördern können, wenn sie qualitativ hochwertig sind und von Erwachsenen begleitet werden. Ein intelligentes Risikomanagement minimiert potentielle Gefahren durch geeignete Schutzmaßnahmen und die Einhaltung rechtlicher Vorgaben.
Drugs, Gangs, and Social Media in Provincial England
Authors: Warburton Jack 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOne summer in a small English town, a group of youths fatally attacked another over his affiliation to a rival ‘gang’ before posting the footage on social media as a warning. The case shocked the small town, and highlighted the presence of gangs outside of the major urban areas that tend to be prioritised in the literature. When these areas are considered within the literature, it is most often through the paradigm of county lines, with the focus on the ‘invasive’ groups engaging in this trade, often overlooking the role of ‘home grown’ crime groups. Subsequently, this research seeks to answer the following questions: What do street gangs in the United Kingdom look like outside major urban areas and how do these groups use social media? Through the completion of a series of in-depth interviews, that were complemented with analysis of secondary sources including non-public and police files in ‘Countyshire’ (pseudonym) this paper reveals a number of key findings. Gangs outside major urban areas are just as sophisticated and criminally motivated as their urban counterparts, and that through attempts to control the drugs trade, they begin to display dimensions of rudimentary criminal governance. Additionally, this paper through a focus on social media, has shown how these technologies have benefitted gangs, with expressive use facilitating and establishing reputations for violence and success. Social media use has also been instrumental, allowing direct engagement in the drugs trade and the recruitment of young people into and eventual control within gangs.
Cohomogeneity one solitons for the isometric flow of $$\textrm{G}_2$$-structures
Authors: Ivey Thomas A. , Karigiannis Spiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe consider the existence of cohomogeneity one solitons for the isometric flow of $$\textrm{G}_2$$

G
2

-structures on the following classes of torsion-free $$\textrm{G}_2$$

G
2

-manifolds: the Euclidean $${\mathbb {R}}^7$$

R

7

with its standard $$\textrm{G}_2$$

G
2

-structure, metric cylinders over Calabi–Yau 3-folds, metric cones over nearly Kähler 6-manifolds, and the Bryant–Salamon $$\textrm{G}_2$$

G
2

-manifolds. In all cases we establish existence of global solutions to the isometric soliton equations, and determine the asymptotic behaviour of the torsion. In particular, existence of shrinking isometric solitons on $${\mathbb {R}}^7$$

R

7

is proved, giving support to the likely existence of type I singularities for the isometric flow. In each case, the study of the soliton equation reduces to a particular nonlinear ODE with a regular singular point, for which we provide a careful analysis. Finally, to simplify the derivation of the relevant equations in each case, we first establish several useful Riemannian geometric formulas for a general class of cohomogeneity one metrics on total spaces of vector bundles which should have much wider application, as such metrics arise often as explicit examples of special holonomy metrics.
Quality of IVM ovarian tissue oocytes: impact of clinical, demographic, and laboratory factors
Authors: Kashutina Maria , Obosyan Lilia , Bunyaeva Ekaterina , Zhernov Yury , Kirillova Anastasia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To determine how clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics influence ovarian tissue oocyte quality.

Methods
Immature cumulus-oocyte complexes were isolated from removed ovaries and cultured for 48–52 h in either monophasic standard or biphasic CAPA media for fertility preservation. A total of 355 MII oocytes from 53 patients were described for intracytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic anomalies. Multiple clinical, laboratory, and demographic characteristics were analyzed. Statistically significant differences between independent groups in qualitative variables were identified using Pearson’s χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests. The diagnostic value of quantitative variables was assessed using the ROC curve analysis. Factors associated with the development of dysmorphism, taking patient age into account, were identified using the binary logistic regression analysis.

Results
Dysmorphisms were observed in 245 oocytes (69.0%), with a median number of dysmorphisms of 2. Oocyte dysmorphisms were found to be 2.211 times more likely to be detected in patients with ovarian cancer, while the presence of dark-colored cytoplasm was associated with gynecologic surgery in the anamnesis (p = 0.002; OR 16.652; 95% CI, 1.977–140.237; Cramer’s V 0.187). Small polar bodies developed 2.717 times more often (95% CI, 1.195–6.18) in patients older than 35. In the case of ovarian transportation on ice at 4 ℃, the chances of development of cytoplasmic granularity increased 2.569 times (95% CI, 1.301–5.179). The use of biphasic CAPA IVM media contributed to a decrease in the probability of large polar body formation (p = 0.034) compared to the standard monophasic IVM media.

Conclusions
Both patients’ characteristics and laboratory parameters have an impact on the quality of IVM ovarian tissue oocytes.
Neurotoxin-Derived Optical Probes for Elucidating Molecular and Developmental Biology of Neurons and Synaptic Connections
Authors: Bijjam Rohini , Shorter Susan , Bratt Alison M. , O’Leary Valerie B. , Ntziachristos Vasilis , Ovsepian Saak Victor 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBotulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) and tetanus toxin (TeTX) are the deadliest biological substances that cause botulism and tetanus, respectively. Their astonishing potency and capacity to enter neurons and interfere with neurotransmitter release at presynaptic terminals have attracted much interest in experimental neurobiology and clinical research. Fused with reporter proteins or labelled with fluorophores, BoNTs and TeTX and their non-toxic fragments also offer remarkable opportunities to visualize cellular processes and functions in neurons and synaptic connections. This study presents the state-of-the-art optical probes derived from BoNTs and TeTX and discusses their applications in molecular and synaptic biology and neurodevelopmental research. It reviews the principles of the design and production of probes, revisits their applications with advantages and limitations and considers prospects for future improvements. The versatile characteristics of discussed probes and reporters make them an integral part of the expanding toolkit for molecular neuroimaging, promoting the discovery process in neurobiology and translational neurosciences.
Processing untraditional healthy crackers formula by using sprouted flour mixes for children
Authors: Negm Shaimaa H. , Barakat Ekram H. , Eid Walaa A. M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to improve the nutritional content of crackers made from a germinated flour mixture for children affected by Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Chemical, physical, and sensory properties of crackers processed from germinated grain composite flours (maize, quinoa, finger millet, and fenugreek seeds) were compared to 100% maize crackers. Chemical analysis revealed that germinated mixture flour crackers (GMFCs) were higher in ash (2.14–2.40%), fiber (1.26–1.75%), protein (5.59–8.31%), and energy (379.64–404.77 kcal/100g) but lower in carbohydrates (70.51–61.05%). Five cracker formulas were prepared. Formula F5 (75% maize, 10% millet, and 5% fenugreek) had the highest calcium, magnesium, and total phenolic content. Formula F3 (85% maize, 10% quinoa, 10% millet, and 5% fenugreek) had the highest iron content, while Formula F4 (85% maize, 20% millet, and 5% fenugreek) had the highest zinc content and antioxidant activity. Maize crackers exhibited higher color characteristics (L*, a*, and b*) compared to the other GMFCs. Mean sensory evaluation indicated that the GMFCs were generally accepted by panelists. Overall acceptability and taste of crackers in Formula F4 were preferred by the panelists, particularly with the increased ratio of millet flour. This study demonstrated the potential of composite flours from GMFCs to produce acceptable, healthy, and nutritious crackers. All cracker formulas significantly contributed to the recommended dietary allowances for key nutrients in children, compared to the control. Therefore, it is recommended to use the studied grains to develop healthy bakery products suitable for people with celiac disease and ADHD.
Graphical abstract
Wat moet de volwassenuroloog weten van de kinderurologie?
Authors: Stillebroer Alexander B. , Trompetter Marleen , de Kort Laetitia M. O. 
Published: September 2024

SamenvattingAangeboren urologische afwijkingen variëren van veelvoorkomende ziektebeelden, zoals hypospadie of niet ingedaalde testis, tot extreem zeldzame afwijkingen, zoals blaasexstrofie. Als deze patiënten volwassen worden houdt de zorg rond deze afwijkingen meestal op. Complicaties op latere leeftijd van deze ziektebeelden zijn echter niet ongewoon. In dit artikel willen wij een overzicht geven van enkele urologische ziektebeelden met bijbehorende risico’s en de manier waarop deze op volwassen leeftijd behandeld kunnen worden.