bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power Sector Reforms and Technical Performance: Good News from an Instrumental Variable Analysis
Authors: Urpelainen Johannes , Yang Joonseok , Liu Di 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOver the past three decades, various power sector reforms have overhauled the governance of electricity generation, transmission, and distribution in almost a hundred countries. Have these reforms produced benefits? Using instrumental variables, we improve upon earlier studies and demonstrate that power sector reforms enacted between 1982 and 2008 have both had large positive effects on the availability of generation capacity and reduced transmission and distribution losses. We also show that the positive effects on generation capacity are pronounced in developing countries and that hybrid reforms falling short of privatization and free competition are effective in improving generation capacity in particular. Overall, the results show that these reforms are an effective tool to remove an important constraint on economic growth.
Seizure Improved Lead-Free Electroplated Bearing Overlay System for Heavy Duty Truck and Off-Highway Applications
Authors: Jupe Kevin , Gorges Roger , Rathod Anil , Carey John , Stearns John 
Published: November 2017

The move to lead-free bearing materials is well known and upcoming legislation, such as the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS), is increasing the drive to extend this trend towards heavy duty diesel truck and off-highway applications.
During the development of lead-free systems, new electroplated overlays and bronze-based substrates have been developed by various suppliers, but little attention has been given to the interlayer or diffusion barrier between the overlay and substrate materials. This interlayer is particularly necessary for tin-based solutions as it prevents the rapid diffusion of overlay species into the bronze substrate.
The present development focuses on improving this often overlooked element in the system and provides a further robustness that could even be adapted to lead-based systems where increased performance is required.
The incorporation of hexagonal boron nitride as a solid lubricant in the nickel interlayer changes dramatically the interlayer properties and provides more typical bearing-like behavior for seizure resistance scuff performance compared to nickel alone.
The paper details findings of respective rig tests as well as an actual engine test supporting the change in material characteristics and the associated improvement in seizure resistance.
Optimized Engine Performance for a 1 KW UAV Hybrid Powertrain
Authors: Brown Sean P. , Hagen Christopher L. 
Published: November 2017

This paper is one of the first publications documenting the performance optimization of a port fuel injected, spark ignited, internal combustion engine for an unmanned aerial vehicle hybrid powertrain. An optimized hybrid powertrain enables long-duration quadcopter flight and provides vertical takeoff and landing capability for fixed-wing aircraft. This technology can improve flight times and lessen runway requirements, helping to solve two of the biggest problems faced by the booming UAV industry.
The main activities contributing to this hybrid powertrain effort are the development of a small engine test facility, design of powertrain vehicle integration hardware, and the testing and characterization of both electric motor-generators and fuel-injected two-stroke engines. This paper investigates engine testing completed to date including experimental setup, testing procedures, data post processing, and results.
Real-Time Processing of Engine Acoustic Emission for Diesel Injectors Diagnostic and Recentering
Authors: Ponti F. , Ravaglioli V. , De Cesare M. 
Published: November 2017

Diesel engine control strategies use complex injection patterns which are designed to meet the increasing request for engine-out emissions and fuel consumption reduction. As a result of the large number of tuneable injection parameters in modern injection systems (such as start and duration of each injection), injection patterns can be designed with many degrees of freedom. Each variation of the injection parameters modifies the whole combustion process and, consequently, engine-out emissions.
Aging of the injection system usually affects injection location within the cycle as well as the amount of injected fuel (compared to the target value), especially for small pre-injections. Since Diesel combustion is very sensitive to injection pattern variations, aging of injectors strongly affects engine behavior, both in terms of efficiency and pollutant emissions production. Moreover, such variations greatly affect other quantities related to the effectiveness of the combustion process, such as noise radiated by the engine.
This work analyses the effects of pre-injection variations on combustion, pollutant emissions and noise radiated by the engine. In particular, several experimental tests were run on a 1.3L Common Rail Diesel engine varying the amount of fuel injected in pre-injections. Torque delivered by the engine and center of combustion (MFB50) were kept constant using a specifically designed closed-loop combustion controller. During the tests, noise radiated by the engine was measured by properly processing the signal coming from a microphone faced to the engine block. The investigation of the correlation between the combustion process and engine noise can be used to set up a closed-loop algorithm for detecting and recentering injectors’ drifts over time.
HIL Operation of Single Cylinder Research Engines to Optimize the Transient Behavior of Large Gas Engines
Authors: Zelenka Jan , Mayr Philipp , Pirker Gerhard , Wimmer Andreas 
Published: November 2017

To enable sustainable power generation through increasing shares of renewable energy, it is necessary to find flexible solutions that use conventional fossil fuels to compensate for volatile energy production from the wind and sun in order to stabilize the electrical grid. Modern large bore engines fueled by gas are already able to ramp up or shut down production quickly and also provide high efficiency throughout all load conditions. Nevertheless, transient capabilities of these engines must be improved even more in order to compete with diesel engines in applications with the highest transient requirements. To meet these demands, sophisticated actuators and control strategies are required. Testing of these components and strategies should already be conducted in an early development phase using rapid prototyping simulation and measurements on single cylinder engines instead of expensive multicylinder engine tests.
The first section of this paper shows how engine controller functions for transient operation based on rapid prototyping models and real-time capable models can be derived and tested. This enables the capabilities of different control strategies to be quantified in order to improve transient performance in an early stage of development.
The second section of the paper presents a methodology for transferring the transient behavior of a large multicylinder engine to a single cylinder test bed using a hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) approach with real time capable simulation models. A description of the demands on hardware and software is provided followed by a description of the overall system, after which the application of the real-time capable models on the real-time controllers of the test bed system is introduced.
Finally, the models with measurement data from the single cylinder engine are compared with the multicylinder engine with a special focus on block loads and ramping the engine at constant speed.
Experimental Investigation of Sulfuric Acid Condensation and Corrosion Rate in Motored BUKH DV24 Diesel Engine
Authors: Kjemtrup Lars , Cordtz Rasmus Faurskov , Meyer Martin , Schramm Jesper 
Published: November 2017

The work conducted in this paper presents a novel experimental setup to study sulfuric acid cold corrosion of cylinder liners in large two-stroke marine diesel engines. The process is simulated in a motored light duty BUKH DV24 diesel engine where the charge air contain known amounts of H2SO4 and H2O vapor.
Liner corrosion is measured as iron accumulation in the lube oil. Similarly sulfuric acid condensation is assessed by measuring the accumulation of sulfur in the lube oil. To clarify the corrosive effect of sulfuric acid the lube oil utilized for experiments is a sulfur free neutral oil without alkaline additives (Chevron Neutral Oil 600R).
Iron and sulfur accumulation in the lube oil is analyzed with an Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) apparatus. Three test cases with different H2SO4 concentrations are run. Results reveal good agreement between sulfuric acid injection flow and the accumulation of both iron and sulfur in the oil.
The impact of an educational intervention on home support workers' ability to detect early pressure ulcer damage
Authors: Clarke Mairead , Moore Zena , Patton Declan , O'Connor Tom , Nugent Linda 
Published: November 2017

Objective: To investigate the impact of an educational intervention on home support workers' ability to detect early pressure ulcer damage. Method: A repeated measure design was employed to quantify the effectiveness of an educational intervention, consisting of one pre-test and two post-tests. Results: Education was provided to home support workers and this was followed by an assessment of their ability to correctly classify 20 photographs detailing varying stages of skin damage severity. At the baseline (pre-education), 58% of the photographs were classified correctly. At post-test 1, 55% of the photographs were classified correctly. In post-test 2 this increased to 58%, achieving the original baseline scores. There was a moderate negative relationship between pre-training and post-test 2 scores (r=-0.44; n=27; p=0.02). Conclusions: The educational intervention has been shown not to have a statistically significantly positive effect on home support workers' ability to detect early pressure ulcer damage. The moderate negative relationship between pre-training and post-test 2 scores concur with the aforementioned qualitative findings, and similarly indicate behaviour associated with individuals experiencing difficulty comprehending new health terms.
Formatting the imagination: A reflection on screenwriting as a creative practice
Authors: Senje Siri 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this article I foreground screenwriting as a creative writing practice, and argue that there are significant aspects of the genesis of screenplays that are not sufficiently acknowledged in the development field. In that field it is common practice that screenwriters produce formatted prose documents, predicting their screen stories in detail before the writing of a first draft is initiated. A pre-formatted approach – defined here as the Set Stage Chronology of Documents (SSCD) – has been institutionalized in European and American script culture, manifesting itself in schools, funding institutions and contract formulas. This practice implies that one specific writing method is universal and de-emphasizes such aspects of creativity as improvisation, free association and the accessing of subconscious resources – all widely assumed to be significant in creative work. Drawing upon a case study – the writing of my screenplay September during a fellowship at the Norwegian Film School – I ask how principles of improvisation can be adapted and applied to the writing of the first draft screenplay. Informed by the Russian stage director Konstantin Stanislavsky’s model for improvisation in theatre rehearsals, and the associative method practiced by screenwriter J. C. Carrière in his workshops, I suggest specific tools for ‘structured improvisation’ as used in the writing of September.
‘Surely I should get a script credit, shouldn’t I?’ Creative, consultative and collaborative script development: The Oil Kid
Authors: Wells Paul 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This article explores the script development process in the pre-production of The Oil Kid, a collaboration between the Oil Museum in Stavanger, Norway, oil industry sponsors, a production company in transition, and a political activist upon whose memoirs aspects of the script were based. The article addresses the idea of how such collaboration works, and how each of the voices represent themselves as the project develops. As will be revealed, these voices are often in competition and have vested interests in how the final script emerges, suggesting that the scriptwriter is often cast as the mediator of such interests and responsible for maintaining creative integrity, political balance, social focus and economic viability. In this case it was required that the scriptwriter constantly be asserted as a particular role with specific skillsets, which was often overlooked when the project’s collaborators viewed the expression of an idea, an intervention about narrative or the provision of technical information as an act worthy of a script credit. The article thus asserts the distinctiveness of the scriptwriter as part of the production process in animation, not merely as an inherent and implicit ‘recorder’ of the script development process, but more significantly, as its key pragmatic leader and facilitator.
Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho: Estudo de Caso em duas Escolas Particulares no Cariri Cearense
Authors: Tavares Marysângela De Oliveira , Limachi Islly Gabrielle Tavares 
Published: November 2017

A qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) vem ganhando espaço como valor essencial das práticas que visam o bem-estar organizacional. Neste contexto, é preciso desenvolver estratégias e habilidades que visem uma maior produtividade, visando um posicionamento mais competitivo no mercado. O presente estudo buscou analisar a qualidade de vida no trabalho, em duas escolas na região do cariri cearense. Optou-se pelo estudo de caso nestas instituições, de forma a observar a percepção dos professores quanto a sua qualidade de vida no trabalho.
Neuropedagogia e as Dificuldades no Processo de Aprendizagem da Leitura e Escrita
Authors: Correia Alcione De  Moraes , Felizardo João Everaldo Alves 
Published: November 2017

A presente pesquisa aborda a temática da neurociência a partir da visão da neuropedagogia. Com o objetivo de se discutir as contribuições da ciência na perspectiva de construir práticas pedagógicas de qualidade no ensino, sendo o professor o mediador desse processo de aprendizagem e suas contribuições nas dificuldades de aprendizagem na leitura e na escrita, este trabalho busca compreender a prática pedagógica. Especificamente, busca compreender como se processa e se apresentam os problemas relacionados à leitura e escrita, sobretudo na fase que abarca os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental; a proposta é, portanto, apreender a influência das técnicas de ensino e aprendizagem na apropriação do binômio leitura-escrita. Neste sentido, a ideia é perceber ações que culminem na contextualização na elaboração cognitiva de novos saberes realizando intervenções pedagógicas que proporcionem o desenvolvimento e a reorganização das práticas, resultando em novas aprendizagens. A neuropedagogia neste sentido mostra-se forte contributo no desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades afetivas e cognitivas ao se dispor de intervenções interdisciplinares nas diversas possibilidades didático-pedagógicas. A metodologia aqui utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, sobretudo, aquela voltada à dificuldade de leitura e de escrita dos educandos, com forte relevo no comprometimento da escola na qualidade de ensino.
Perbedaan kadar glukosa darah puasa pasien diabetes melitus berdasarkan pengetahuan gizi, sikap dan tindakan di poli penyakit dalam rumah sakit islam jakarta
Authors: Syauqy Ahmad 
Published: November 2017

Latar belakang :Perilaku makan yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan meningkatnya kadar glukosa darah penderita diabetes. Perilaku dibagi menjadi tiga domain yaitu pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan. Tujuan penelitian :Melihat perbedaan kadar glukosa darah berdasarkan pengetahuan gizi, sikap dan tindakan pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Metode analisis : Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Sampel sebanyak 50 responden, dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien diabetes melitus yang menjalani pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah di Poli Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta. Pengetahuan gizi diukur berdasarkan indikator pengertian penyakit diabetes, prinsip dan syarat diet, penukar bahan makanan dan aktivitas atau olahraga ; tingkat sikap diukur berdasarkan indicator pemeriksaan penyakit diabetes, aktifitas/olahraga, kesadaran diet, bahan makanan dan jumlah porsi ; tingkat tindakan diukur berdasarkan indikator pemilihan makanan/minuman, kebiasaan makan, jadwal makan, aktifitas/olahraga dan bahan makanan penukar. Pengujian One Way Anova digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian. Hasil :Sebanyak 12 responden (24%) memiliki pengetahuan gizi kurang, 14 responden (28%) memiliki sikap yang kurang baik, 8 responden (16%) memiliki tindakan kurang. Rata – rata glukosa darah berbeda menurut tingkat pengetahuan (F = 4,448 ; p = 0,017), sikap (F = 3,930 ; p = 0,026) dan tindakan (F = 3,427 ; p = 0,041). Simpulan :Ada perbedaan bermakna kadar glukosa darah berdasarkan pengetahuan gizi, sikap dan perilaku terhadap pasien dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta. Diperlukan penelitian tentang pengaruh konseling gizi terhadap perilaku pasien agar dapat mengetahui keberhasilan Dietisien.
Life history traits and fishing mortality estimations of Caspian vimba, Vimba vimba (L.), in southwestern coastal regions of the Caspian Sea
Authors: Taridashti Fateme , Imanpour Javid , Abdolmalaki Shahram , Hadavi Mahvash 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This study was conducted to complement existing data about the life cycle of Caspian vimba, Vimba vimba (L.), with estimations of age, growth, and mortality rates. To achieve this, 811 specimens were collected between May 2012 and June 2013 at three fisheries catch stations in southwestern regions of the Caspian Sea including Talesh, Bandar Anzali, and Kiashahr. The growth rate in vimba is relatively high at approximately 0.29 year−1 for females and 0.32 year−1 for males. Asymptotic lengths are 245 mm and 233 mm for females and males, respectively. The growth pattern was isometric for both males and females. The overall sex ratio was balanced (1: 0.92). The instantaneous coefficients of total, natural, and fishing mortality were 1.27, 0.4, and 0.8 year, respectively, and the current exploitation ratio was 0.63 year−1. Results showed that the growth rate of males is higher than that of females. Considering the exploitation ratio, it is apparent that the vimba population is experiencing significant legal and illegal exploitation pressure.
Do Firms with Low Disability Risks Opt Out from Public to Private Insurance?
Authors: Hassink Wolter H.J. , Koning Pierre , Zwinkels Wim 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In the Netherlands, firms may opt out from public to private disability insurance (DI). Opponents of this “mixed market” for insurance argue that it may trigger a segmentation between firms with high risks with public insurance and low disability risks with private insurance. This article tests the importance of such risk segmentation, using administrative information on DI benefits and opting-out decisions of a panel of about 250,000 Dutch firms between 2007 and 2011. We find strong selection into private insurance of firms with low recent DI inflow rates and low current sickness rates. Accordingly, private insurers succeeded in attracting firms with low anticipated DI benefit costs in the first years to come. Our results also suggest that these effects are transitory – that is, firms that opted out have DI risks that are not structurally lower.
Comparative Analysis of Sustainable Real Estate Market Development in Two Northern Capitals: Case of Riga, Latvia and Stockholm, Sweden
Authors: Mishra Ankit , Kauškale Linda 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Sustainable development becomes a necessary practice in every country. Real estate has always been an essential need for humans to survive, almost all human activities are related to real estate. Due to that, as well as due to the growth of population, real estate has grown in numbers in the world for our basic need fulfilment. Major studies have shown that real estate objects are one of the major contributors negatively affecting our environment. Sustainable real estate development is a crucial practice implemented by successful countries and other countries are following them, adopting good practice in this field. Sustainable real estate development analysis not only helps to solve climate change issues, but also increases asset value. The aim of the research is to analyze two northern region capitals: Riga (Latvia) and Stockholm (Sweden) and their major steps being taken to promote sustainable real estate development. The comparative, historical, logical and statistical data analysis methods have been used in the research.
Study of 7075 Aluminium Alloy Joints
Authors: Peter Ildiko , Rosso Mario 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
High-strength EN AW 7075 Al-based alloy (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) is currently employed in many industrial fields where excellent mechanical performances of structural components are required. In contrast to the many positive features this alloy presents, it is not fusion weldable, because it is subjected to solidification and liquation cracking. In this paper, the possibility to weld low thickness plates, made of 7075 aluminum alloy, by the tungsten inert gas welding technique will be presented. Two types of welding have been performed: for the former one, welding involves only one surface, while for the second one, welding has been carried out on both faces of the plates. After welding, microstructural analysis and mechanical properties investigations have been carried out. The present research highlights that the mechanical properties evolution is affected by the welding procedure. In particular, the mechanical strength reached for the samples welded on both faces, in the proposed setting, is comparable to that of the un-welded alloys.
Investment in Education as a Way of Overcoming the Problem of Information Asymmetry in the Labor Market
Authors: Vuksanović Nemanja , Aleksić Dragan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The need for classifying workers in the labour market exists in the case of information asymmetry between workers and employers. It is expected that certain mechanisms will be developed in order to overcome this information asymmetry. One of those mechanisms is signalling, whose basic idea is that highly productive workers take certain actions in order to separate themselves from the low productive workers. This paper reviews an economic role of education as a signal in the labour market. The goal of the paper is to show theoretically how education can play the role of signal in order to solve the problems caused by the asymmetric information. The importance of such analysis is reflected in the fact that the recommendations for educational policy makers in terms of investment in education are different depending on whether education serves as a mechanism for improving productivity or as a mechanism for signalling different productive capacity. It is shown that these differences arise from distinct ways of measuring social rates of return on investment in education.