bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Fidelity Supramolecular Chirality Transportation Enabled Through Chalcogen Bonding
Authors: Wang Zhuoer , Hao Aiyou , Xing Pengyao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe formation of asymmetric microenvironments in proteins benefits from precise transportation of chirality across multiple levels through weak bonds in the folding and assembly process, which inspires the rational design and fabrication of artificial chiral materials. Herein, the chalcogen bonding‐directed precise transportation of supramolecular chirality toward multiple levels is reported to aid the fabrication of chiroptical materials. Benzochalcogenadiazole (O, S, Se) motifs are conjugated to amino acid residues, and the solid‐state assemblies afforded selective supramolecular chirality with handedness depending on the kinds of chalcogen atoms and amino acids. The chalcogen‐N sequence assisted by hydrogen bonding synergistically allows for the complexation with pyrene conjugated aryl carboxylic acids to give macroscopic helical structures with active circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence, of which handedness is precisely determined by the pristine chiral species. Then the further application of chiral benzochalcogenadiazole motifs as seeds in directing handedness of benzamide via symmetry breaking is realized. Behaving as the dopants, embedding into the matrix of benzophenone induces the room temperature phosphorescence, whereby the thermal chiroptical switch is fabricated with color‐tunable phosphorescent circularly polarized luminescence. This work utilized benzochalcogenadiazole‐based chiral building units to accomplish precise transportation of supramolecular chirality in coassemblies with high‐fidelity, achieving flexible manipulation of chiroptical properties and macroscopic helical sense.
Designing Robust Single Atom Catalysts by Three‐in‐One Strategy: Sub‐1‐nm Space Confining, Bimetallic Bonding and Reaction‐Induced Forming Active Sites
Authors: Li Zesheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIt is imperative to design robust single atom catalysts (SACs) that maintain the stability of the active component under diverse reaction conditions and prevent aggregation or deactivation. Confining the single atom active site within sub‐nanometer (sub‐1‐nm) spaces has proven effective in enhancing the stability and activity of the catalyst, owing to the strong constraints and regulations imposed on atomic behavior at this scale. Bimetallic bond atomic sites, comprising two distinct metal compositions, often exhibit unique electronic structures and catalytic properties. Designing SACs under reaction‐induced conditions, such as varying temperatures, pressures, and atmospheres, can facilitate a deeper understanding of the formation and migration behavior of active sites in real reactions, as well as the optimization mechanisms for performance enhancement. The objective of this review is to promote a robust SAC design strategy that encapsulates bimetallic bonding active sites within sub‐1‐nm spaces and investigates catalyst preparation and performance under reaction‐induced conditions. This design strategy is anticipated to bolster the catalytic activity and stability of the catalyst while also offering fresh perspectives and optimization avenues for the catalytic processes involved in practical chemical reactions.
Facile Synthesis of Rhodium‐Based Nanocrystals in a Metastable Phase and Evaluation of Their Thermal and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Nguyen Quynh N. , Li Kei Kwan , Ding Yong , Janssen Annemieke , Huang Zhennan , Chi Miaofang , Xia Younan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractControlling the polymorphism of metal nanocrystals is a promising strategy for enhancing properties and discovering new phenomena. However, previous studies on Rh nanocrystals have focused on their thermodynamically stable face‐centered‐cubic (fcc) phase. Herein, a facile synthesis of Rh‐based nanocrystals featuring the metastable hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) phase is reported by using Ru seeds in their native hcp phase to template the deposition of Rh atoms. The success of such phase‐controlled synthesis relies on the templating effect promoted by the small lattice mismatch between Ru and Rh and the slow dropwise titration of the precursor at an elevated temperature, ensuring the layer‐by‐layer growth mode and thus the formation of a conformal hcp‐Rh shell. Faster injection rate of Rh(III) precursor leads to the formation of a rough Rh shell in the conventional fcc phase due to accelerated reaction kinetics. Considering both thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of this system, the hcp‐Rh phase is favored when the low surface energy from smooth overlayers balances the high bulk energy of the metastable phase, achieved through tight control of reaction rates and deposition patterns. These Ruhcp@Rhhcp core–shell nanocrystals demonstrate thermal stability up to 400 °C, while exhibiting higher catalytic activity toward ethanol oxidation reaction compared to Ruhcp@Rhfcc counterparts.
Applications of Clauson‐Kaas Reaction in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Singh Pargat , Singh Abhijeet , Singh Dileep Kumar , Nath Mahendra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPyrrole‐embedded organic molecules received a considerable importance due to their numerous biological and material applications. Hence, several synthetic strategies have been devised for the construction of diverse pyrrole analogues over the years. Among these, the Clauson‐Kaas reaction is one of the most widely used protocols for the synthesis of various N‐substituted pyrroles. This review briefly describes the Clauson‐Kaas reaction along with modifications and a detailed account on its applications in the various sectors of organic synthesis.
Introduction to Acoustics: Measuring, Quantifying, and Understanding Sound
Authors: Sharp Calum 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo understand sound, noise, and their effects on health, we must quantify sound using the concept of ‘acoustics’. This chapter provides an introduction to acoustics and outlines different ways that acousticians measure, predict and quantify sound to understand its effects. The chapter also contains a glossary of acoustic terminology that is used throughout this book and can be referred to when reading any of the other chapters in the book.
A dynamically consistent discretization method for the Goodwin model with nonlinear Phillips curve. Comparing qualitative and quantitative dynamics
Authors: Baldi M. M. , Guzowska M. , Michetti E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Goodwin model is a widely used economic growth model able to explain endogenous fluctuations in employment rate and wage share; in its initial version, the standard Phillips curve is used. In the present work, we suggest a revised Phillips curve that takes into account how the wage share influences the rate of changes of the wage itself thus obtaining a continuous-time modified Goodwin model. Since applying models to real data often requires working in a discrete-time setup, we then move from the continuous-time to the discrete-time version of the proposed model, by using a general polynomial discretization method in backward and forward-looking (hybrid discretization). By comparing the continuous-time system to its discrete-time counterpart we prove that fixed points and local dynamics do not change, as long as the time step is not too high. Moreover, numerical simulations employing Dynamic Time Warping, cross-correlation, and semblance analysis consistently affirm that enhancing the similarity of quantitative dynamics is achieved by reducing the time step.
A coronary coronary-to-coronary fistula around the main pulmonary artery
Authors: Gherca Stefan , Leibundgut Gregor , Zubizarreta-Oteiza Jokin , Haaf Philip 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCoronary-to-coronary fistulas are rare anomalies, often detected incidentally. These fistulas may involve complex vascular connections around major cardiac structures, such as the pulmonary artery. Functional assessments help determine clinical significance, with management typically involving observation for asymptomatic patients, while symptomatic cases may require intervention to prevent complications.
On the Preeminence of Euclidean Geometry: Nash’s Embedding Theorems
Authors: Dumitru Mircea , Ornea Liviu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAccording to Kant’s philosophy of geometry, Euclidean geometry is synthetic a priori. The advent of non-Euclidean geometries proved this position at least problematic, if not obsolete. However, based on Nash’s embedding theorems we show that a weaker notion of preeminence supports the view that Euclidean geometry, even though not strictly a priori, enjoys a more fundamental status than non-Euclidean geometries.
Screening herbal and natural product libraries to aid discovery of novel allosteric modulators of human P2X7
Authors: Bidula Stefan , Piyasirananda Waraporn , Bielecka Hanna , Bibič Lučka , Beekman Andrew , Stokes Leanne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract P2X7 is an emerging therapeutic target for several disorders and diseases due to its role in inflammatory signalling. This study aimed to exploit the unique chemical libraries of plants used in traditional medicinal practices to discover novel allosteric modulators from natural sources. We identified several compounds from the NCI Natural Product library as P2X7 antagonists including confertifolin and digallic acid (IC50 values 3.86 µM and 4.05 µM). We also identified scopafungin as a novel positive allosteric modulator of hP2X7. Screening a traditional medicinal plant extract library revealed 39 plant species with inhibitory action at hP2X7 and 17 plant species with positive allosteric modulator activity. Using computational docking to filter identified components from these plant species and determine potential antagonists, we investigated nine purified chemicals including flavonoids quercetin, kaempferol, ECG, and EGCG. These were shown to inhibit ATP-induced YO-PRO-1 uptake into HEK-hP2X7 cells; however, we also showed that all four flavonoids demonstrated significant assay interference using a cell-free DNA YO-PRO-1 fluorescence test. One plant extract, Dioscorea nipponica, demonstrating positive modulator activity was investigated, and dioscin was identified as a glycoside with PAM activity in ATP-induced YO-PRO-1 uptake assay and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. However, membrane permeabilisation was observed following application > 10 min limiting the use of dioscin as a pharmacological tool. This work describes a useful workflow with multiple assays for the identification of novel allosteric modulators for human P2X7.
Impact of organic contaminants in soils from Important Bird and Biodiversity areas
Authors: Dulsat-Masvidal Maria , Ciudad Carlos , Infante Octavio , Mateo Rafael , Lacorte Silvia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSoils act as sinks for many organic contaminants, posing a threat to biodiversity and essential ecosystem services. In this study, we assessed the contamination status of soils in 140 Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in Spain. Fifty-two organic contaminants including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and plasticizers or plastic related such as phthalates, bisphenol A, nonylphenol, and organophosphate esters (OPEs) were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). The mean soil concentration ranged from 1.41 to 917 ng/g and plasticizer and PAHs were detected at the highest concentrations, while OCPs were the most frequently detected. Hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC) and land use data associated PCBs with artificial land, phthalates with industrial sites and incineration plants and PAHs with burned areas, and in a lesser extent pesticides with agricultural activities. A tier I environmental risk assessment (ERA) was performed to identify the most impacted natural areas and the most concerning compounds. Out of the 140 IBAs, 95 presented at least one compound at high-risk concentrations (RQ > 1) for soil organisms. The OPPs chlorpyrifos and malathion, together with the PAH benzo[b]fluoranthene, were detected at high-risk concentrations. Overall, this study highlights the widespread presence of organic contaminants in areas of high natural value and the importance of implementing monitoring studies to identify potential contaminated sites that require conservation and remediation actions for the protection of biodiversity.
Increased 1H-NMR metabolomics-based health score associates with declined cognitive performance and functional independence in older adults at risk of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Zonneveld Michelle H. , Al Kuhaili Nour , Mooijaart Simon P. , Slagboom P. Eline , Jukema J. Wouter , Noordam Raymond , Trompet Stella 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe 1-HMR metabolomics-based MetaboHealth score, comprised of 14 serum metabolic markers, associates with disease-specific mortality, but it is unclear whether the score also reflects cognitive changes and functional impairment. We aimed to assess the associations between the MetaboHealth score with cognitive function and functional decline in older adults at increased cardiovascular risk. A total of 5292 older adults free of dementia at baseline with mean age 75.3 years (SD = 3.4) from the Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly (PROSPER). MetaboHealth score were measured at baseline, and cognitive function and functional independence were measured at baseline and every 3 months during up to 2.5 years follow-up. Cognitive function was assessed using the Stroop test (selective attention), the Letter Digit Coding test (LDCT) (processing speed), and the two versions of the Picture Learning test (delayed and immediate; memory). Two tests of functional independence were used: Barthel Index (BI) and instrumental activities at daily living (IADL). A higher MetaboHealth score was associated with worse cognitive function (in all domains) and with worse functional independence. For example, after full adjustments, a 1-SD higher MetaboHealth score was associated with 9.02 s (95%CI 7.29, 10.75) slower performance on the Stroop test and 2.79 (2.21, 3.26) less digits coded on the LDCT. During follow-up, 1-SD higher MetaboHealth score was associated with an additional decline of 0.53 s (0.23, 0.83) on the Stroop test and − 0.08 (− 0.11, − 0.06) points on the IADL. Metabolic disturbance, as reflected by an increased metabolomics-based health score, may mark future cognitive and functional decline.
Current constraints to reconcile tropical forest restoration and bioeconomy
Authors: Krainovic Pedro Medrado , Brandão Diego Oliveira , Resende Angélica Faria , Schons Stella Z. , Munhoz Leonardo , Metzger Jean Paul , Nascimento Nathália C. , Rodrigues Ricardo Ribeiro , Brancalion Pedro H. S. , Guillemot Joannès , de-Miguel Sergio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Large-scale forest restoration is vital for delivering a broad array of ecosystem services benefits to society. However, it is often perceived as an economically noncompetitive land use choice. Integrating economic opportunities into restoration aligns socioeconomic and environmental goals, reducing conflicts between forest production and conservation-oriented management decisions. Supply chains focusing on high-value goods can enhance the reach of forest restoration efforts and unite ecological and economic benefits in a multifunctional manner. The bioeconomy has emerged as a potential but critical driver for attracting investments in restoration. We outline the challenges and solutions to reconcile forest restoration and bioeconomy, specifically about (i) native timber production, (ii) non-timber forest products, (iii) biotechnological products, and (iv) intangible ecosystem services. This requires collaborative and multidisciplinary efforts to improve investment in large-scale projects. The intricacies of these issues intersect with research development, market dynamics, legal frameworks, and regulatory paradigms, underscoring the necessity for nuanced and tailored public policy interventions. These integrated approaches should enable tropical countries to lead the global forest-based economy and usher in a new era of forest restoration.

Graphical abstract
Human-bird interactions in the Levant during the Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene: Multi-scalar analysis of avifaunal remains
Authors: Yeomans Lisa , Mazzucato Camilla 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper describes analyses of avifauna from Levantine Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene sites at contrasting scales. We present avian osteological data at Shubayqa, in northeast Jordan, illustrating human-bird-environment interactions over 4000 years offering interpretation of environmental change on avifaunal communities and reorientation in the nature of multi-species relationships at a wetland environment. Comparisons to published avifaunal assemblages investigates bird-human relationships across a broader temporal and geographical span. During the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene, some of our species gradually transitioned to agriculture. People hunted birds for subsistence but extensive evidence for the symbolic importance of birds suggests complex relationships between species. Avifaunal evidence, therefore, presents insights into two commonly suggested primary causes for the shift from hunter-foragers to agriculturalists – resource pressure and symbolic expression. In this paper, we investigate and try to clarify the relationship between humans and birds at this transitional period in human history, furthering discussions of the shift towards agriculture. We argue humans gradually modified the landscape but this was not a reactionary response to resource stress. Nevertheless, this resulted in the productivity of the landscape increasing and allowed further intensification. Feathers and talons of birds were used for millennia preceding the shift to agriculture and the increase in bird hunting towards the end of the Pleistocene cannot be explained by the increased role of birds in the symbolic realm. The evidence from the avifauna adds weight to the idea of ecological niche construction activities, as people invested in specific locations, increasing productivity of habitats, thus encouraging further investment within some environments.
Worldwide prevalence of chagas cardiomyopathy—an analysis from the global burden of disease dataset
Authors: Minhas Abdul Mannan Khan , Marcus Rachel , Virani Salim S. , Shapiro Michael D. , Mentz Robert J. , Echeverria Luis E. , Arcobello Jonathan T. , Abramov Dmitry 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The worldwide prevalence of Chagas Cardiomyopathy (CCM) as well as the trends in the prevalence of CCM over time have not been well characterized.

Methods
An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data from 1990 to 2019 was conducted to assess the burden of CCM. This study focused on determining the prevalence of CCM, along with its age-standardized prevalence rate (ASR) per 1,00,000 people, considering various patient demographics and geographical regions as defined in the GBD. Additionally, the study examined the temporal trends over this 30-year period by calculating the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in CCM prevalence for the global population and specific subgroups.

Results
Worldwide, the GBD reported 220,166 individuals with CCM in 1990 and 2,83,236 individuals in 2019, with a decline in the ASR from 5.23 (3.34–7.47) to 3.42 (2.2–4.91) per 1,00,000 individuals during that period. In 2019, the prevalence was highest in individuals over age 70 and in males compared to females. Among available geographic classifications in 2019, Latin American regions had the highest rates (ASR of 39.49–61.15/1,00,000), while high income North American and Western European regions had the lowest rates (ASRs of 0.67 and 0.34/1,00,000, respectively). Between 1990 and 2019, the worldwide prevalence of CCM per 1,00,000 decreased (EAPC of −0.35, −0.37 to −0.32), with similar trends among most regions and subgroups.

Conclusion
This analysis of the GBD data reveals both global and country-specific patterns in the prevalence and trends of CCM. Notably, CCM shows the highest prevalence in Latin American countries, although it’s also significantly present in regions beyond Latin America. Notably, the global age-standardized rate of CCM is on the decline, suggesting improvements in healthcare strategies or lifestyle changes across the world.
Moral Injury Among Youth: Historical Accounts, Current Research and Future Directions
Authors: Wycoff Kirby L. , Bohn Gareth , Foleno Felicia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis manuscript explores the definition and historical context of Moral Injury (MI), detailing its psychological and spiritual impact on individuals, including youth populations. Morals are our beliefs and understanding of what is right and wrong. They are often informed by cultural and social norms and typically encompass values and responsibilities that individuals use to judge whether an action is right or wrong. MI is a psychological phenomenon that can unfold when there is a loss of trust in these beliefs or others' ability to keep our shared moral agreements. Traditionally associated with military personnel, MI has evolved to include other populations, including youth and family systems. This piece explores moral development among youth populations and how injuries to moral codes are particularly salient in youth populations and family systems. Special attention is given to MI's unique manifestations and implications in childhood and adolescence. The manuscript concludes with a call to action for further research that prioritizes and integrates youths' own voices in understanding and addressing MI.
From Counting Dollars to Counting Sheep: Exploring Simultaneous Change in Economic Well-Being and Sleep among African American Adolescents
Authors: Thompson Morgan J. , McWood Leanna M. , Buckhalt Joseph A. , El-Sheikh Mona 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the U.S.A., Black/African American adolescents disproportionately experience short and poor-quality sleep, and there is little understanding of why some experience decrements or improvements in sleep over time. Toward conducting culturally specific research and identifying processes that uniquely explain variability within a racial/ethnic group, we utilized a within-group design to examine socioeconomic status (SES) as a predictor of Black adolescents’ sleep. Few studies have examined change-on-change processes in sleep over time. Contributing to the literature in novel ways, we assessed the predictive effect of change in SES over one year on changes in four actigraphy-derived sleep parameters over the same time period. Participants were 218 Black adolescents (Time 1: Mage = 17.09 years; 54.6% female) and their mothers from socioeconomically diverse backgrounds. Adolescents participated in two-waves of data collection spaced approximately one year apart. At each wave, we assessed economic well-being (used to index SES) and sleep using 7 nights of actigraphy from which we derived measures of sleep duration (minutes) and quality (efficiency, long-wake episodes, activity). Latent difference score analyses revealed that adolescents experiencing increases in SES over one year exhibited decreases in both long-wake episodes and sleep activity over one year. Findings suggest that individual differences in change in SES explain individual differences in change in adolescents’ sleep quality. Notably, findings highlight the utility of within-group designs for identifying culturally specific processes that predict improvements in sleep quality in a sample at disproportionate risk for sleep and health disparities.