bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust topological insulating property in C2X-functionalized III-V monolayers
Authors: Xue Xianghong , Lin Zhihua , Gao Rui , Yang Bingzhuo , Wang Haoyu , Han Mengmeng , Han Nannan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) show great potential applications in low-power quantum computing and spintronics due to the spin-polarized gapless edge states. However, the small bandgap limits their room-temperature applications. Based on first-principles calculations, a series of C2X (X = H, F, Cl, Br and I) functionalized III–V monolayers are investigated. The nontrivial bandgaps of GaBi-(C2X)2, InBi-(C2X)2, TlBi-(C2X)2 and TlSb-(C2X)2 are found to between 0.223 and 0.807 eV. For GaBi-(C2X)2 and InBi-(C2X)2, the topological insulating properties originate from the s-px,y band inversion induced by the spin-orbital coupling (SOC) effect. While for TlBi-(C2X)2 and TlSb-(C2X)2, the topological insulating properties are attributed to the SOC effect-induced band splitting. The robust topological characteristics are further confirmed by topological invariants Z
2 and the test under biaxial strain. Finally, two ideal substrates are predicted to promote the applications of these TIs. These findings indicate that GaBi-(C2X)2, InBi-(C2X)2, TlBi-(C2X)2 and TlSb-(C2X)2 monolayers are good candidates for the fabrication of spintronic devices.
Correlation between non-ambipolar currents and divertor heat loads in the COMPASS tokamak
Authors: Dimitrova M , Gunn J P , Cavalier J , Vasileva E , Ivanova P , Hasan E , Dejarnac R , Tskhakaya D , Vondracek P , Weinzettl V , Hron M , Panek R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Electric current flowing onto the divertor of the COMPASS tokamak influences its heat loading. The current measured when a Langmuir probe is grounded to the divertor gives a local measurement of this heat loading, which, according to the classical theory of the Debye sheath, should be enhanced with respect to the case of locally ambipolar currents. The comparison of the calculated heat flux by probes with infrared thermography, when the influence of non-ambipolar currents is not considered, is grossly wrong; when the theoretical effect of non-ambipolar currents is included, however, the agreement is very good.
Spontaneous asymmetry effect induced by uniform magnetic fields in capacitively coupled plasmas under perfectly symmetric conditions
Authors: Yao Jianxiong , Liu Chenxi , He Feng , Miao Jinsong , Ouyang Jiting , Zheng Bocong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introducing asymmetry in capacitively coupled plasmas (CCPs) is a common strategy for achieving independent control of ion mean energy and flux. Our 1d3v particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision simulations reveal that a uniform magnetic field within a specific range can induce spatial asymmetry in low-pressure CCPs, even under perfectly symmetric conditions. This asymmetry, characterized by a shift in the plasma density distribution and significant differences in electron kinetics between the two sides of the plasma, leads to strong ionization and most electron losses on the low-density side, while the high-density side experiences weak ionization and minimal electron losses. The underlying mechanism triggering this spontaneous asymmetry is the differential influence of the magnetic field on low-energy (local) and high-energy (relatively nonlocal) electrons. Under conditions of low pressure and an appropriate magnetic field, this disparity in electron kinetic behavior leads to a spontaneous amplification of the asymmetry induced by random fluctuations until a steady state is reached, culminating in a spontaneous asymmetric effect.
Theory of wetting dynamics with surface binding
Authors: Zhao Xueping , Liese Susanne , Honigmann Alf , Jülicher Frank , Weber Christoph A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Biomolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, can phase separate in the cytoplasm of cells to form biomolecular condensates. Such condensates are often liquid-like droplets that can wet biological surfaces such as membranes. Many molecules that participate in phase separation can also reversibly bind to membrane surfaces. When a droplet wets a surface, molecules can diffuse inside and outside of the droplet or in the bound state on the surface. How the interplay between surface binding, diffusion in surface and bulk affects the wetting kinetics is not well understood. Here, we derive the governing equations using non-equilibrium thermodynamics by relating the thermodynamic fluxes and forces at the surface coupled to the bulk. We study the spreading dynamics in the presence of surface binding and find that binding speeds up wetting by nucleating a droplet inside the surface. Our results suggest that the wetting dynamics of droplets can be regulated by two-dimensional surface droplets in the surface-bound layer through changing the binding affinity to the surfaces. These findings are relevant both to engineering life-like systems with condensates and vesicles, and biomolecular condensates in living cells.
Vortex clusters and their active control in a cold Rydberg atomic system with

P
T

-symmetric Bessel potential
Authors: Fan 范 Zhuo 灼 , Shi 石 Yi 逸 , Wang 王 Hang 航 , Zhao 赵 Yuan 元 , Peng 彭 Wei 微 , Xu 徐 Siliu 四六 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We propose an approach for generating robust two-dimensional (2D) vortex clusters (VCs) in a Rydberg atomic system by utilizing parity-time (

P
T

) symmetric optical Bessel potential. We show that the system supports novel multi-core VCs with four and eight cores, corresponding to topological charges 2 and 4, respectively. The stability of these VCs can be dynamically adjusted through the manipulation of the gain-loss component, Kerr nonlinearities, and the degree of nonlocality inherent in the Rydberg atoms. These VCs are confined within the first lattice well of the Bessel potential, and both the power and width of lights undergo a quasi-periodic breathing phenomenon, which is attributed to the power exchange between the light fields and Bessel potential. Both self-attractive and self-repulsive Kerr interactions can sustain robust VCs within this system. The insights presented here not only facilitate the creation and manipulation of 2D VCs through

P
T

-symmetric potentials but also pave the way for potential applications in optical information processing and transmission.
Research on ion cyclotron emission driven by deuterium–deuterium fusion-produced tritium ions on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak
Authors: Zhang Huapeng , Liu Lunan , Zhang Wei , Sun Xuan , Zhang Xinjun , Wang Zhengshuyan , Xu Zelin , Zhang Jiadong , Qin Weijian , Li Liuxin , Jiang Yuhao , Qiu Sichun , Qin Chengming , Zhu Guanghui , Zhu Yongxin , Zhang Kai , Jin Tao , Li Zhiping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the 2023 experiment campaign, we measured ion cyclotron emission (ICE) signals on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), edge ICE excited by tritium ions. A fusion product derived from the deuterium–deuterium (D−D) fusion reaction, whose spectral peak matches the fundamental cyclotron frequency of the tritium ions (ω
CT) in the plasma edge near the last closed flux surface, was observed using the ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) antenna-based diagnostic system at the plasma boundary on the low field side in the EAST. In this study, we present the first observation of ICE with frequency matching at the plasma boundary. The excitation position of ICE is approximately R = 2.29 m on EAST, and we find that ICE is easier to excite below a certain threshold of plasma radiation. To investigate the excitation mechanism of ICE, we obtained the tritium ion distribution via the TRANSP/Fusion Products Model code and used it to explain the excitation mechanism of ICE. The given distribution has a bump-on tail structure in the energy direction and anisotropy in the pitch angle direction. In addition, we explain why high-energy tritium ions can reach and accumulate at the plasma boundary. It is important to study ICE because ICE can help distinguish the species of fusion-product ions, which can also help monitor the fusion alpha ions in large fusion devices, such as CFETR, DEMO, and ITER.
Bifurcation in correlation length of the Ising model on a ‘Toblerone’ lattice
Authors: Chapman Joseph , Tomasello Bruno , Carr Sam 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The classical Ising chain is a paradigm for the non-existence of phase transitions in one-dimensional systems and was solved by Ernst Ising 100 years ago. More recently, a decorated two-leg Ising ladder has received interest due to its curious thermodynamics that resemble a phase transition; a sharp peak in the specific heat at low, but finite temperature. We use this model to reveal a bifurcation in the correlation lengths due to a crossing of the sub-leading eigenvalues of the transfer matrix, which results in two distinct length scales necessary to describe the decay of correlations. We discuss this phenomenon in the context of the geometric frustration in the model. We also provide additional results to aid in the understanding of the curious thermodynamics of the model through a study of the magnetic susceptibilities.
Simulation and comparative analysis of Fiber Optic Gyroscope for near-zero rotation rate measurement
Authors: Shalaby Mohamed N. , Elghandour Ahmed H. , Mohamed Abdo M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Currently, Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes (FOGs) stand as a significant leap in inertial navigation sensor technology within the field of automation, control and navigation. There has been a recent global emphasis on exploring and enhancing high-precision Inertial Navigation Systems (INS), focusing on the pivotal role of fiber optic gyros as a fundamental sensor. FOGs are leading in many aspects over the mechanical gyros which were used before in earlier decades as they are lighter in weight, require no moving parts in operation, with higher sensitivity, and quicker in both start-up and warm-up procedures. In our present work we will investigate the performance of FOG under a distinct operational condition—namely, Near-Zero Rotation Rate for both basic and phase modulation configurations. We will use OptiSystem software package to simulate both configurations and show the initial challenges encountered during the simulation and detailed how subsequent phases effectively addressed these issues and pointing out the significant conclusion.
The Spatial Pattern Typology Through Sustainable Landscape Design of Hakka Settlement in Pasar Lama Chinatown
Authors: Syoufa Ade , Purwanto Eddie , Srihartanto Bangun I.R. , Hasan Raziq 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The morphology of Chinatown settlements in Indonesia generally forms a linear, spread out, irregular grid pattern, however, the Pasar Lama Chinatown settlement has a regular grid settlement pattern following the rules of ancient Chinese cities.
The settlement pattern of Pasar Lama Chinatown in early 1902 is said to be a Hakka settlement which has similarities with the Hakka settlements in North Guangdong. Meanwhile, in 2020 the Old Market Chinatown settlement has developed and still has similarities to the Hakka settlement. However, there have been spatial changes based on culture and beliefs in its development. These spatial changes do not change the shape of the regular grid settlement pattern. This is interesting to study further. Based on this, this research aims to explore and discover the spatial pattern of the Pasar Lama Chinatown settlement, which still survives with its grid pattern.
This research is qualitative research with qualitative descriptive methods. The data used is in the form of maps to explain activities and space in the field and literature as parameters for analyzing empirical conditions for the arrangement of settlement elements. Meanwhile, interview data is used to determine the intent and reasons behind the arrangement. The results of the discussion show that the settlement pattern of Pasar Lama Chinatown has 3 zones, namely residential, religious, and commercial areas. The spatial layout pattern of Pasar Lama Chinatown continues to this day because it follows the rules of Feng Shui and the security system of the body structure of the Hakka settlement which has meaning for the Benteng Chinese community.
Sustainable tourism in cultural heritage areas: dualism between economy and environmental preservation
Authors: Kurniati R. , Nurini N. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The dynamism of the tourism sector raises the issue of dualism between economic activity and environmental sustainability. Cultural heritage areas are the most vulnerable to massive tourism activities, ranging from vandalism, damage to building structures, and environmental degradation. Lasem is one of the Cultural Heritage Areas in Coastal Rembang that has a high level of vulnerability to developing local tourism activities. This research is related to the focus of the tourism sector with an effort to analyze and provide recommendations for sustainable tourism development in the Lasem Cultural Heritage Area. The research method employed is qualitative, utilizing Self-Assessment and observational checks to understand the status of Sustainable Tourism implementation in the designed location. The analysis method used is descriptive GAP analysis and strengthened by using SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). The result is the urgency of designing masterplan documents and tourism management concepts based on the balance between sustainable aspects (environment, socio-cultural, economy). This research also indicated the relationship between the development of the Batik Lasem tourism industry and the change of green land use into built-up land in Lasem.
The impact of pedestrian ways revitalization on user intensities at Margonda Raya Street, Depok City
Authors: Hamida Ida , Sutiana  
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Depok City has a large population, and Margonda Raya Street is a strategic area with various activities, such as educational, offices, commercial and settlements. Intensity of pedestrian users on Margonda Raya Street, Depok City, is considered congested, but unfortunately many of the sidewalks are damaged or unkempt, apart from creating dangers for pedestrians, it can also cause accidents and injuries, including the occupancy of street vendors in several area. The revitalization by extending the sidewalks up to 4 meters are more and reducing vehicle lanes to 3.5 meters wide. Margonda Raya Street has an increasing and intense traffic during working hours by this extention. The aims of research is to analyze the impact of revitalizing pedestrian ways on Margonda Raya Street Depok City regarding the intensity of pedestrian use, carried out by the Depok City Government to create an inclusive, safe and comfortable environment for pedestrians and support various activities in urban areas. This research uses a mix method (quantitative and qualitative). The results show that in the Margonda Raya Street, Depok City, still has a lot of misuse of the function of the sidewalk which is still used for parking motorized vehicles and street vendors selling on the sidewalk. This revitalization has to be more inclusive for everyone, not only the pedestrian but also has a significant impact on the income of informal traders (street vendors) due to increased pedestrian intensity rather than the formal traders itself.
Revealing the Future of Urban Design: Exploring Human and Artificial Intelligence Collaboration in Planning and Design for the Sustainable Built Environment (Case Study: IKN Nusantara)
Authors: Kurniawan A. , Saragih V.C. , Wiranti A. , Rahmadi D. , Poerbo H.W. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) brings new opportunities and challenges in various sectors, including urban design. Indonesia is currently undergoing massive development, marked by the relocation of the capital to IKN Nusantara, which envisions the capital as a smart city that demands complexity in its realization. So, exploring AI technology in the design process becomes an opportunity. This research explores urban planning and design methods by employing AI technology collaboratively with human thinking in the West IKN Area. This research method involves using 3 AI, from ChatGPT 3.5 and Bard AI for planning brainstorming process, Autodesk Forma for 3D design simulation, and ReRender AI for realistic scene visualization, where these 3 processes also collaborate with human ability. So, the findings of this research highlight the role and involvement of AI and humans in every urban design process, where AI can make a valuable contribution. However, the final decision and creativity still come from human thinking. It is hoped that this exploratory study of urban design involving AI can provide new insights for urban actors regarding new dimensions in the planning and design process that continuously evolve with technology.
Fabrication of Sugar Bagasse-Dervied Activated Biochar using 2-Step Method: Pyrolysis and Steam Hydrothermal Reaction
Authors: Trung Kien Pham , Thi Thao Nguyen Bui , Ngo Quan Tran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Vietnam is a leading producer of sugarcane, and sugarcane bagasse (SB), a by-product of sugarcane processing, can be repurposed as a raw material for manufacturing highly interconnected capillary porous structure activated carbon (AC). This process involves two main steps: (1) pyrolysis and (2) steam hydrothermal activation. During pyrolysis, sugarcane bagasse is subjected to heating at 550°C for 3 hours in the condition of lacking O2, leading to thermal decomposition and the formation of carbon-rich biochar. This initial step plays a crucial role in establishing the structure of the activated carbon. Subsequently, the biochar undergoes hydrothermal activation using a 1M HCl agent at 180°C for 24 hours. The obtained biochar has partial interconnected porous structure with the approximately size of 2µm. This process further enhances the porous structure of the biochar, resulting in a highly porous interconnected capillary network. By utilizing sugarcane bagasse, an abundant biomass resource, Vietnam can contribute to the production of sustainable activated carbon with desirable properties. This underscores the potential for eco-friendly and resource-efficient practices within the country’s sugar industry.
Study on Production of Soft Candy Mixed Extract from Atalantia buxifolia (Poir.) Oliv.
Authors: Vo Bui Anh , Ngo My Ngoc , Ruml Tomas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this research, phenolics were extracted from Atalantia buxifolia by using ultrasound-assisted extraction method (UAE). The factors affecting total phenolics content (TPC) optimized by the RSM-BBD model. After optimization, the extract was determined for antioxidant activity and mixed into soft candy. The results of this study show that optimal conditions include temperature (51.31°C), ultrasound time (38.48 minutes), and ultrasound power (71.31%). IC50 of the extract by ABTS+ free radical scavenging was 3.508 mg/mL. The optimal content of citric acid supplemented with candy product was 0.6% and the product could be preserved for at least 30 days.
Continuously-tunable, compact, freespace notch-filter design using an all-dielectric metagrating capped with a low-loss phase change material
Authors: Tripathi Devdutt , Vyas Hardik S , Hegde Ravi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Active metasurfaces utilizing phase change materials (PCMs) are currently under investigation for applications in free-space optical communication, optical signal processing, neuromorphic photonics, quantum photonics, and compact LiDAR. Attention has now turned towards novel PCM like Sb2S3 which exhibit lower optical absorption and reasonable values of refractive-index contrast in comparison to traditional data-storage PCM. We propose and numerically study the class of all-dielectric metagratings capped with low-loss PCM and predict the possibility of continuously tunable resonances whose quality factors degrade gracefully during the amorphous-to-crystalline phase transition of the PCM. Specifically, we consider the CMOS-compatible silicon-nitride on silica substrate material platform for simple and asymmetric metagratings (in particular, the symmetric-broken dimerization) and Sb2S3 capping. Our numerical study predicts that notch-filters operating around the 1550 nm NIR wavelength window can be achieved with tuning range of over 76 nm with Q-factors ranging from 784 (amorphous-phase) to 510 (crystalline-phase) (a degradation in Q of about 35%) and insertion loss of about 0.9 dB. These performance figures are a significant improvement over previously published designs utilizing data-storage PCMs and other traditional notch-filter mechanisms. We examine the influence of grating dimerization and geometrical parameters on performance metrics of the notch-filter and predicts the possibility to trade-off rejection-band and in-band spectral transmission properties. Lastly, we perform a study of all-optical phase change mechanism. Our study is promising for the miniaturization of tunable notch-filter based optical systems.
Reliable resistive switching and synaptic simulation behaviors in ammonium polyphosphate-based memristor with non-inert Al electrode
Authors: Zhai Dashuai , Zhao Lulu , Gao Zexin , Wang Yanqing , Guo Jiajun , Xiao Xia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Memristive devices that integrate storage and computing capabilities are highly promising candidates for artificial synapses in neuromorphic systems. However, achieving both cost-effectiveness and high-performance in memristors remains a substantial challenge. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP), an all-inorganic ionic polymer, has been utilized in the fabrication of memristive devices due to its distinctive poly-ionic properties and exceptional ion mobility. In this study, a two-terminal APP-based memristor with an Al/APP/ITO structure was fabricated. The experimental results revealed improved bipolar resistive switching behavior, characterized by lower operating voltages, enhanced endurance performance, and extended retention time. Detailed data fitting and chemical bonding analysis suggest that the physical mechanism underlying resistive switching involves a combination of interfacial Schottky barrier and conductive filaments. Furthermore, adjustable device conductance is achieved by applying consecutive positive and negative voltage sweeps. Various synaptic functions, including excitatory postsynaptic current, short-term paired-pulse facilitation, long-term potentiation /depression, and spike-timing-dependent plasticity, are effectively emulated. This study presents an effective approach to enhancing the memristive characteristics of APP-based devices and positions APP as a viable candidate for innovative neuromorphic architectures.