bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anaerobic methanotrophic communities thrive in deep submarine permafrost
Authors: Winkel Matthias , Mitzscherling Julia , Overduin Pier P. , Horn Fabian , Winterfeld Maria , Rijkers Ruud , Grigoriev Mikhail N. , Knoblauch Christian , Mangelsdorf Kai , Wagner Dirk , Liebner Susanne 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThawing submarine permafrost is a source of methane to the subsurface biosphere. Methane oxidation in submarine permafrost sediments has been proposed, but the responsible microorganisms remain uncharacterized. We analyzed archaeal communities and identified distinct anaerobic methanotrophic assemblages of marine and terrestrial origin (ANME-2a/b, ANME-2d) both in frozen and completely thawed submarine permafrost sediments. Besides archaea potentially involved in anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) we found a large diversity of archaea mainly belonging toBathyarchaeota,Thaumarchaeota, andEuryarchaeota. Methane concentrations and δ13C-methane signatures distinguish horizons of potential AOM coupled either to sulfate reduction in a sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ) or to the reduction of other electron acceptors, such as iron, manganese or nitrate. Analysis of functional marker genes (mcrA) and fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) corroborate potential activity of AOM communities in submarine permafrost sediments at low temperatures. Modeled potential AOM consumes 72–100% of submarine permafrost methane and up to 1.2 Tg of carbon per year for the total expected area of submarine permafrost. This is comparable with AOM habitats such as cold seeps. We thus propose that AOM is active where submarine permafrost thaws, which should be included in global methane budgets.
Enhanced Ductility of PEEK thin film with self-assembled fibre-like crystals
Authors: Wang Yuan , Chen Binling , Evans Ken , Ghita Oana 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPoly Ether Ether Ketone (PEEK) is a high temperature polymer material known for its excellent chemical resistance, high strength and toughness. As a semi-crystalline polymer, PEEK can become very brittle during long crystallisation times and temperatures helped as well by its high content of rigid benzene rings within its chemical structure. This paper presents a simple quench crystallization method for preparation of PEEK thin films with the formation of a novel fibre-like crystal structure on the surface of the films. These quenched crystallised films show higher elongation at break when compared with conventional melt crystallised thin films incorporating spherulitic crystals, while the tensile strength of both types of films (quenched crystallised and conventional melt) remained the same. The fracture analysis carried out using microscopy revealed an interesting microstructure which evolves as a function of annealing time. Based on these results, a crystal growth mechanism describing the development of the fibre-like crystals on the surface of the quenched crystallised films is proposed.
The high molecular weight dipeptidyl peptidase IV Pol d 3 is a major allergen of Polistes dominula venom
Authors: Schiener Maximilian , Hilger Christiane , Eberlein Bernadette , Pascal Mariona , Kuehn Annette , Revets Dominique , Planchon Sébastien , Pietsch Gunilla , Serrano Pilar , Moreno-Aguilar Carmen , de la Roca Federico , Biedermann Tilo , Darsow Ulf , Schmidt-Weber Carsten B. , Ollert Markus , Blank Simon 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHymenoptera venom allergy can cause severe anaphylaxis in untreated patients. Polistes dominula is an important elicitor of venom allergy in Southern Europe as well as in the United States. Due to its increased spreading to more moderate climate zones, Polistes venom allergy is likely to gain importance also in these areas. So far, only few allergens of Polistes dominula venom were identified as basis for component-resolved diagnostics. Therefore, this study aimed to broaden the available panel of important Polistes venom allergens. The 100 kDa allergen Pol d 3 was identified by mass spectrometry and found to be a dipeptidyl peptidase IV. Recombinantly produced Pol d 3 exhibited sIgE-reactivity with approximately 66% of Polistes venom-sensitized patients. Moreover, its clinical relevance was supported by the potent activation of basophils from allergic patients. Cross-reactivity with the dipeptidyl peptidases IV from honeybee and yellow jacket venom suggests the presence of exclusive as well as conserved IgE epitopes. The obtained data suggest a pivotal role of Pol d 3 as sensitizing component of Polistes venom, thus supporting its status as a major allergen of clinical relevance. Therefore, Pol d 3 might become a key element for proper diagnosis of Polistes venom allergy.
Nature of the low magnetization decay on stacks of second generation superconducting tapes under crossed and rotating magnetic field experiments
Authors: Baghdadi Mehdi , Ruiz Harold S. , Coombs Timothy A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe extremely low decay factor on the trapped magnetic field by stacks of second-generation high-temperature superconducting tapes reported in Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 232602 (2014), is in apparent contradiction with the classical results for the demagnetization of superconducting bulks and thin films, where the samples undergo a severe and progressive decay under crossed magnetic field conditions. Nevertheless, in this paper, we demonstrate how the theoretical approaches and experimental measurements on superconducting bulks, thin films, and stacks of superconducting tapes can be reconciled, not only under the crossed field configuration but also under rotating magnetic field conditions, by showing that the stacks of commercial tapes behave as a system of electrically unconnected layers preventing the deformation of profiles of current along its external contour. This study extends up to the consideration of using novel superconducting/ferromagnetic metastructures, where soft ferromagnetic films are interlayered, reporting a further reduction on the magnetization decay of about 50% in the crossed field configuration. Remarkably, after applying the same number of cycles either of rotating or crossed magnetic field to these metastructures, the difference between the magnetization decay is found to be negligible, what demonstrates their highly superior performance when compared to conventional stacks of superconducting tapes.
Homeolog expression analysis in an allotriploid non-model crop via integration of transcriptomics and proteomics
Authors: van Wesemael Jelle , Hueber Yann , Kissel Ewaut , Campos Nádia , Swennen Rony , Carpentier Sebastien 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe fate of doubled genes, from allopolyploid or autopolyploid origin, is controlled at multiple levels, resulting in the modern day cultivars. We studied the root growth of 3 different triploid banana cultivars under control and osmotic stress conditions. The root growth of the allopolyploid ABB cultivar was 42% higher under control and 61% higher under osmotic stress. By integrating transcriptomics and proteomics, we studied the gene expression of all 3 cultivars, resulting in 2,749 identified root proteins. 383 gene loci displayed genotype specific differential expression whereof 252 showed at least one Single Amino Acid Polymorphism (SAAP). In the ABB cultivar, allele expressions supposedly follow a 1/3 and 2/3 pattern for respectively the A and the B allele. Using transcriptome read alignment to assess the homeoallelic contribution we found that 63% of the allele specific genes deviated from this expectation. 32 gene loci even did not express the A allele. The identified ABB allele- specific proteins correlate well with the observed growth phenotype as they are enriched in energy related functions such as ATP metabolic processes, nicotinamide nucleotide metabolic processes, and glycolysis.
Association between H-type Hypertension and Asymptomatic Extracranial Artery Stenosis
Authors: Zhang Jia , Liu Yanfang , Wang Anxin , Wang Dandan , Jiang Ruixuan , Jia Jiaokun , Chen Shengyun , Zhao Xingquan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAsymptomatic extracranial artery stenosis (ECAS) is a well-known risk factor for stroke and H-type hypertension, which is defined as hypertension with hyperhomocysteinemia, is associated with cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. However, the impact of H-type hypertension on ECAS is mostly unknown. We designed this study to investigate the association between H-type hypertension and prevalence of ECAS. We included 2330 participants in this study and classified them into four groups: the control group without hypertension or hyperhomocysteinemia, isolated hypertension group, isolated hyperhomocysteinemia group and H-type hypertension group. We measured the baseline plasma total homocysteine levels and assessed ECAS by carotid duplex sonography twice at baseline and during follow up. We used a Cox regression model to analyse the association between H-type hypertension and ECAS. At baseline, 608 subjects suffered from H-type hypertension. Within two years of follow-up, asymptomatic ECAS occurred in 250 (10.73%) participants. After adjusting for relevant risk factors, we found H-type hypertension to be an independent risk factor for asymptomatic ECAS (relative risk (RR) 3.16, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.00–5.00). Our findings provide direct evidence for the importance of H-type hypertension in the occurrence of ECAS and as a potential therapeutic target for carotid atherosclerosis.
Grazing and climate effects on soil organic carbon concentration and particle-size association in northern grasslands
Authors: Hewins Daniel B. , Lyseng Mark P. , Schoderbek Donald F. , Alexander Mike , Willms Walter D. , Carlyle Cameron N. , Chang Scott X. , Bork Edward W. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGrasslands cover more than 40% of the terrestrial surface of Earth and provide a range of ecological goods and services, including serving as one of the largest reservoirs for terrestrial carbon. An understanding of how livestock grazing, influences grassland soil organic carbon (SOC), including its concentration, vertical distribution and association among soil-particle sizes is unclear. We quantified SOC concentrations in the upper 30 cm of mineral soil, together with SOC particle-size association, within 108 pairs of long-term grazed and non-grazed grassland study sites spanning six distinct climate subregions across a 5.7 M ha area of Alberta, Canada. Moderate grazing enhanced SOC concentration by 12% in the upper 15 cm of soil. Moreover, SOC concentrations in mineral layers were associated with regional climate, such that SOC increased from dry to mesic subregions. Our results also indicate that C concentrations in each of 2000–250, 250–53, < 53 μm soil particle-size fractions were consistent with total SOC concentrations, increasing from semi-arid to more mesic subregions. We conclude that long-term livestock grazing may enhance SOC concentrations in shallow mineral soil and affirm that climate rather than grazing is the key modulator of soil C storage across northern grasslands.
Inverse-Designed Broadband All-Dielectric Electromagnetic Metadevices
Authors: Callewaert F. , Velev V. , Kumar P. , Sahakian A. V. , Aydin K. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a platform combining an inverse electromagnetic design computational method with additive manufacturing to design and fabricate all-dielectric metadevices. As opposed to conventional flat metasurface-based devices that are composed of resonant building blocks resulting in narrow band operation, the proposed design approach creates non-resonant, broadband (Δλ/λ up to >50%) metadevices based on low-index dielectric materials. High-efficiency (transmission >60%), thin (≤2λ) metadevices capable of polarization splitting, beam bending, and focusing are proposed. Experimental demonstrations are performed at millimeter-wave frequencies using 3D-printed devices. The proposed platform can be readily applied to the design and fabrication of electromagnetic and photonic metadevices spanning microwave to optical frequencies.
Maternal transmission disequilibrium of rs2248359 in type 2 diabetes mellitus families and its association with vitamin D level in offspring
Authors: Yu Songcheng , Li Xing , Wang Yan , Mao Zhenxing , Wang Chongjian , Ba Yue , Li Wenjie 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAssociation between T2DM and vitamin D deficiency has been reported in many epidemiologic studies. 24-hydroxylase encoded by CYP24A1 is the enzyme that degrades the active vitamin D metabolite. Variation in CYP24A1 may be associated with T2DM. This study investigates the association between rs2248359 in CYP24A1 and T2DM by a family-based association test (FBAT) and in a case-control study. The FBAT results revealed that there was transmission disequilibrium for allele T in both additive model (Z = 2.041, P = 0.041227) and dominant model (Z = 2.722, P = 0.006496). Results of the case-control study suggested that rs2248359 may be a risk factor for female T2DM (P = 0.036) but not for male T2DM (P = 0.816). Furthermore, excessive transmission of allele T in T2DM offspring was observed compared with the non-T2DM offspring (OR 1.392; 95%CI 1.024–1.894; P = 0.035). In addition, combination of maternal CT and paternal CC genotypes had significant synergistic effect on obtaining CT genotype for offspring with T2DM (OR 6.245; 95%CI 1.868–20.883; P = 0.004). Besides, lower level of 25(OH)D in T2DM offspring with genotype CT was observed as compared with the non-T2DM offspring (P = 0.013). These data suggest that maternal transmission disequilibrium of allele T may be a risk factor for T2DM and vitamin D deficiency in T2DM offspring.
Collective responses in electrical activities of neurons under field coupling
Authors: Xu Ying , Jia Ya , Ma Jun , Hayat Tasawar , Alsaedi Ahmed 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSynapse coupling can benefit signal exchange between neurons and information encoding for neurons, and the collective behaviors such as synchronization and pattern selection in neuronal network are often discussed under chemical or electric synapse coupling. Electromagnetic induction is considered at molecular level when ion currents flow across the membrane and the ion concentration is fluctuated. Magnetic flux describes the effect of time-varying electromagnetic field, and memristor bridges the membrane potential and magnetic flux according to the dimensionalization requirement. Indeed, field coupling can contribute to the signal exchange between neurons by triggering superposition of electric field when synapse coupling is not available. A chain network is designed to investigate the modulation of field coupling on the collective behaviors in neuronal network connected by electric synapse between adjacent neurons. In the chain network, the contribution of field coupling from each neuron is described by introducing appropriate weight dependent on the position distance between two neurons. Statistical factor of synchronization is calculated by changing the external stimulus and weight of field coupling. It is found that the synchronization degree is dependent on the coupling intensity and weight, the synchronization, pattern selection of network connected with gap junction can be modulated by field coupling.
Specific Upregulation of a Cotton Phytoene Synthase Gene Produces Golden Cottonseeds with Enhanced Provitamin A
Authors: Yao Dan , Wang Yi , Li Qian , Ouyang Xufen , Li Yaohua , Wang Chuannan , Ding Lingli , Hou Lei , Luo Ming , Xiao Yuehua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractProvitamin A (PVA) bio-fortification of crops offers a sustainable strategy to prevent the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (VAD), one of the world’s major public health problems. The present work aimed to enhance PVA accumulation in cottonseed, the main by-product in the production of cotton fibers and the third largest source of edible plant oil in the world. On the basis of comprehensive identification of carotenoid synthase genes and their expression levels in various cotton tissues, we selected phytoene synthase as the target for manipulating carotenoid biosynthesis in the developing cottonseeds. After functional verification in transgenic tobacco, a cotton phytoene synthase gene (GhPSY2D) driven by a seed-specific promoter was transformed into cotton. The transgenic cottonseeds showed golden appearance and contained over 6-fold higher carotenoid contents in the extracted oil than the non-transgenic control. Thin layer chromatograph analysis indicated that the main PVA carotenoid β-carotene was predominant in the transgenic cottonseeds, but undetectable in the wild-type control. By simultaneously providing economically valuable fibers and edible oils, the transgenic cottons bio-fortified with β-carotene in seeds may be a new powerful tool against VAD in low-income regions.
Strong Fe3+-O(H)-Pt Interfacial Interaction Induced Excellent Stability of Pt/NiFe-LDH/rGO Electrocatalysts
Authors: Han Yechuang , Li Pengfei , Liu Jun , Wu Shouliang , Ye Yixing , Tian Zhenfei , Liang Changhao 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAgglomeration-triggered deactivation of supported platinum electrocatalysts markedly hinders their application in methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). In this study, graphene-supported nickel–iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH/rGO), in which Fe3+ was introduced to replace Ni2+ partially in the Ni(OH)2 lattice to provide stronger metal–support bonding sites, was utilized to immobilize Pt nanoparticles (NPs). Given the optimized metal–support interfacial contact (Fe3+-O(H)-Pt) between Pt NPs and NiFe-LDH/rGO nanosheets for Pt/NiFe-LDH/rGO electrocatalysts, the Pt/NiFe-LDH/rGO electrocatalysts displayed dramatically enhanced durability than that of Pt/Ni(OH)2/rGO counterpart as well as commercial Pt/C, and 86.5% of its initial catalytic activity can be maintained even after 1200 cycles of cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests during MOR. First-principle calculations toward the resultant M-O(H)-Pt (M = Fe3+, Ni2+) interfacial structure further corroborates that the NiFe-LDH nanosheets can provide stronger bonding sites (via the Fe3+-O(H)-Pt bonds) to immobilize Pt NPs than those of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets (via the Ni2+-O(H)-Pt bonds).
An Injectable Oxygen Release System to Augment Cell Survival and Promote Cardiac Repair Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Fan Zhaobo , Xu Zhaobin , Niu Hong , Gao Ning , Guan Ya , Li Chao , Dang Yu , Cui Xiaoyu , Liu Xuanyou Liu , Duan Yunyan , Li Haichang , Zhou Xinyu , Lin Pei-Hui , Ma Jianjie , Guan Jianjun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOxygen deficiency after myocardial infarction (MI) leads to massive cardiac cell death. Protection of cardiac cells and promotion of cardiac repair are key therapeutic goals. These goals may be achieved by re-introducing oxygen into the infarcted area. Yet current systemic oxygen delivery approaches cannot efficiently diffuse oxygen into the infarcted area that has extremely low blood flow. In this work, we developed a new oxygen delivery system that can be delivered specifically to the infarcted tissue, and continuously release oxygen to protect the cardiac cells. The system was based on a thermosensitive, injectable and fast gelation hydrogel, and oxygen releasing microspheres. The fast gelation hydrogel was used to increase microsphere retention in the heart tissue. The system was able to continuously release oxygen for 4 weeks. The released oxygen significantly increased survival of cardiac cells under the hypoxic condition (1% O2) mimicking that of the infarcted hearts. It also reduced myofibroblast formation under hypoxic condition (1% O2). After implanting into infarcted hearts for 4 weeks, the released oxygen significantly augmented cell survival, decreased macrophage density, reduced collagen deposition and myofibroblast density, and stimulated tissue angiogenesis, leading to a significant increase in cardiac function.
High‐power low‐loss air‐dielectric stripline Gysel divider/combiner for particle accelerator applications at 352 MHz
Authors: Hoang Duc Long , Nguyen Dinh The Anh , Bach Gia Duong , Jobs Magnus , Ruber Roger , Dancila Dragos 
Published: January 2018

This study presents a new two‐way Gysel combiner based on an air‐dielectric stripline which allows to handle very high radio‐frequency power levels with low‐loss suitable for power combination in accelerator applications. The insertion loss of the combiner is 0.1 dB (2%). A thick stripline implementation allows improving the power capability in both continuous wave (CW) and pulsed operation. In addition, a mechanical tuner allows compensating for assembly and fabrication discrepancies. A methodology of designing the Gysel combiner as well as high‐power measurements up to 22 kW in pulsed mode are presented. Simulations and measurements are in very good agreement.
Effect of tensile strain on the band structure and carrier transport of germanium monosulphide monolayer: a first‐principles study
Authors: Guo Guanxing , Bi Gang 
Published: January 2018

The electronic properties of germanium monosulphide (GeS) monolayer under tensile strain were investigated using first‐principles calculations. Our computations showed that the band gap of GeS monolayer was tuned from 1.96 to 2.72 eV via uniaxial and biaxial tensile strain in the range of 10%. Besides, two transitions involving indirect to direct and direct to indirect were triggered when GeS monolayer was applied 3.5 and 9% tensile strain in the zigzag direction, however this transition had not happened when the tensile strain was applied in the armchair and biaxial direction. The band gap variations of GeS monolayer with the tensile strain were explained using a bond nature mechanism based on the Heitler–London's exchange energy model. Moreover, upon applying external strain, the acoustic phonon limited carrier mobility of GeS monolayer had an enhancement with more than two orders of magnitude at 300 K, from to . These findings show that strain engineering is an effective way to tune the electronic properties of GeS monolayer and to extend the applications of GeS monolayer in the field of electronics and optoelectronics.
Ordered mesoporous silicon doped with HPMo‐SiO2 solid phase extraction of trace Pb prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination
Authors: Liu Junfeng , Sun Hongli , Zheng Yang , Wang Qiuyue , Guo Jing , Wu Yiwei 
Published: January 2018

A new selective and sensitivity method for lead (Pb) determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been established using an ordered mesoporous silicon doped with phosphomolybdic acid (HPMo‐SiO2) material as an adsorbent. The possible adsorptive mechanism was speculated, and factors affecting its adsorptive behaviours of Pb were investigated in detail. At potassium hydrogen phthalate media, Pb can be quantitatively adsorbed at pH 3.0–6.0, and HPMo‐SiO2 exhibited good selectivity toward it. With an enrichment factor of 50, the detection limit and relative standard deviation of Pb are 0.78 ng ml−1 and 0.76 % (n = 9 and C = 2.0 ng ml−1), respectively. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of Pb in human serum, waste water, pond water, soil and whitening cosmetics with recoveries of 93.9–108.5%. To validate the accuracy verification, a GSB‐07‐1183‐2000 certified reference was analysed, and the result is in good agreement with the certified value.
Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome Type 1: Oral Findings in a 6-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Kırzıoglu Zuhal , Oz Esra 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOral-facial-digital syndrome (OFDS) is a group of congenital anomalies with 13 different forms. OFDS type 1 (OFDS1) is a developmental genetic anomaly related to the X chromosome, that is often seen in girls, and affects the face, oral cavity, and extremities. In this study, we discuss the oral findings of a 6-year-old girl with OFDS1 and her situation after 2.5 years.