bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geological and Geochemical Investigation of Three Ophiolite‐Hosted Manganese Prospects, Southeast of Birjand, South Khorasan, East of Iran
Authors: Barghi Behnaz , Calagari Ali Asghar , Zarrinkoub Mohammad Hossein , Simmonds Vartan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe studied ophiolite‐hosted manganese prospects are located in southeast of Birjand, South Khorasan, in the east of Iran. The manganese ores within the ophiolitic sequence in this region occur as small discrete patches, associated with radiolarian chert and shale. Manganese ores in the host rocks are recognizable as three distinct syngenetic, diagenetic, and epigenetic features. The syngenetic manganese ores occurred as bands associated with light‐red radiolarian chert. The diagenetic Mn ores occurred as lenses accompanied by dark‐red to brown radiolarian chert. The epigenetic Mn ores occurred as veins/veinlets within the green radiolarian shale. The major manganese ore minerals are pyrolusite, braunite, bixbyite, ramsdellite, and romanechite showing replacement, colloidal, and brecciated textures. The high mean values of Mn/Fe (15.32) and Si/Al (15.65), and the low mean concentration values of trace elements, such as Cu (85.9 ppm), Ni (249.9 ppm), and Zn (149 ppm), as well as the high concentration values of Si, Fe, Mn, Ba, Zn, Sr, and As in the studied manganese ores furnished sufficient evidence to postulate that the sea‐floor Mn‐rich hydrothermal exhalatives were chiefly responsible for the ore formation, and the hydrogenous processes had negligible role in generation of the ores. The further geological and geochemical evidence also revealed that the ores deposited on the upper parts of the ophiolitic sequence by submarine exhalatives. The intense hydrothermal activities caused leaching of elements such as Mn, Fe, Si, Ba, As and Sr from the basaltic lavas (spilites). After debouching of the sea‐floor exhalatives, these elements entered the sedimentary basin. The redox conditions were responsible for separation of Fe from Mn.
The exchange rate susceptibility of European core industries, 1995–2010
Authors: Leuwer David , Süssmuth Bernd 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study investigates reactions to real exchange rate changes in the German, French and UK automobile and mechanical engineering sectors using monthly data from 1995 to 2010. Our findings indicate that EUR/US$ appreciations hamper exports, but do not necessarily imply an aggravated business climate or export order‐book assessment. This does not apply to the GBP/US$ and corresponding time series for the UK. First and foremost, our fixed coefficient and time‐varying parameter VAR model estimates confirm the extraordinary role of the German key sectors, while currency union membership seems to play a minor role at best. Overall, the exchange rate susceptibility is less profound than claimed by lobbies and held as popular belief.
Retinal detachment and glaucoma in the Boston Terrier and Shih Tzu following phacoemulsification (135 patients): 2000–2014
Authors: Foote Braidee C. , Pederson Samantha L. , Welihozkiy Anja , Stine Jessica M. , Carastro Susan M. , Andrew Stacy E. , Michau Tammy M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo report the cumulative incidence of retinal detachment (RD) and glaucoma following phacoemulsification in Boston Terriers and Shih Tzu in the southeastern United States over a 14‐year period and investigate the potential predisposing risk factors.MethodsMedical records of 83 Shih Tzu and 52 Boston Terriers that underwent phacoemulsification between 2000 and 2014, with or without intraocular lens placement, were reviewed. For a comparison population, phacoemulsification data from 45 Labrador Retrievers, 73 Schnauzers, and 159 Bichon Frises were evaluated. Information collected included signalment, concurrent systemic diseases, preoperative findings, surgical details, postoperative complications, and duration of follow‐up. Percentages of patients to developRDand glaucoma were assessed, as well as potential risk factors. Minimum of 3 months of follow‐up after surgery was required for inclusion.ResultsRetinal detachment occurred in 7.7% (7/91 eyes) and 8.9% (11/123 eyes) and glaucoma occurred in 38.0% (35/91 eyes) and 29.3% (36/123 eyes) of Boston Terriers and Shih Tzu, respectively. Mean follow‐up time was 804 days. Neither Boston Terriers nor Shih Tzu were at increased risk forRDor glaucoma when compared to the other breeds, and no significant risk factors for either breed were identified in the final multivariate analysis.ConclusionsThe cumulative incidence ofRDin Boston Terrier and Shih Tzu reported here was in agreement with previously reported nonbreed specific percentages (2.7–8.4%). The cumulative incidence of glaucoma in this population of Boston Terriers and Shih Tzu was higher than previously reported nonbreed specific percentages (5.1–18.8%).
Genome Sequence of a Podovirus (AAPEc6) Isolated from Wastewater in New Zealand That Infects Escherichia coli O45:H10
Authors: Nonis Judith , Premaratne Aruni , Billington Craig , Varsani Arvind 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Bacteriophages are ideal candidates for pathogen biocontrol to mitigate outbreaks of prevalent foodborne pathogens, such as
Escherichia coli
. We identified a bacteriophage (AAPEc6) from wastewater that infects
E. coli
O45:H10. The AAPEc6 genome sequence shares 93% identity (with 92% coverage) to enterobacterial phage K1E (
Sp6likevirus
) in the
Autographivirinae
subfamily (
Podoviridae
).
Whole-Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus sakei LT-13 Isolated from Moto Starter of Sake
Authors: Kato Shiro , Oikawa Tadao 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus sakei
strain LT-13 is a lactic acid bacterium isolated from moto starter of Japanese sake. This genome analysis revealed that the genome is composed of a circular chromosome and one plasmid, which contain 1,938 and 8 putative protein-coding genes, respectively.
Genome Sequence of the Yeast Clavispora lusitaniae Type Strain CBS 6936
Authors: Durrens Pascal , Klopp Christophe , Biteau Nicolas , Fitton-Ouhabi Valérie , Dementhon Karine , Accoceberry Isabelle , Sherman David J. , Noël Thierry 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Clavispora lusitaniae
, an environmental saprophytic yeast belonging to the CTG clade of
Candida
, can behave occasionally as an opportunistic pathogen in humans. We report here the genome sequence of the type strain CBS 6936. Comparison with sequences of strain ATCC 42720 indicates conservation of chromosomal structure but significant nucleotide divergence.
Complete Genome Sequence of Achromobacter denitrificans PR1
Authors: Reis Ana C. , Kroll Kevin , Gomila Margarita , Kolvenbach Boris A. , Corvini Philippe F. X. , Nunes Olga C. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Achromobacter denitrificans
strain PR1 was isolated from an enrichment culture able to use sulfamethoxazole as an energy source. Here, we describe the complete genome of this strain sequenced by Illumina MiSeq and Oxford Nanopore MinION.
Clinical outcomes after implantation of a toric intraocular lens with a transitional conic toric surface
Authors: Thomas Bettina C , Khoramnia Ramin , Auffarth Gerd U , Holzer Mike P 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo evaluate the postoperative outcomes after implantation of a hydrophilic toric intraocular lens (tIOL) with a transitional conic toric surface in patients with astigmatism undergoing refractive lens exchange (RLE) or cataract surgery.MethodsIn this monocentric study, clinical outcomes following implantation of the hydrophilic Precizon toric IOL model 565 (Ophtec) were analysed. For intraoperative axis alignment, the Verion Image Guided System was used. Intended versus achieved refraction, IOL position, visual acuity outcomes and power vector analyses were evaluated 3 months postoperatively.ResultsForty-three eyes of 28 patients (40 eyes cataract, 3 eyes RLE) received a Precizon toric IOL with a cylindrical power between 1.0 and 7.5 D. Target refraction was emmetropia except for four eyes that had a myopic target. The median postoperative IOL rotation at slit lamp was 3° with a range from 0° to 16°. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) increased from median 0.5 logMAR preoperatively to median 0.06 logMAR at 3 months postoperatively. Corrected distance visual acuity increased from 0.20 to −0.02 logMAR. Median preoperative subjective cylinder was 1.5 D and 3 months postoperatively 0.25 D.ConclusionPreoperative diagnostics, IOL selection and correct intraoperative positioning of tIOLs are essential for good outcomes and postoperative spectacle independence following cataract or RLE surgery. Visual acuities and rotational stability of the Precizon toric IOL showed very good outcomes and the subjective postoperative astigmatism could be reduced significantly.
Wide Awake Hand Surgery
Authors: Lied Line , Borchgrevink Grethe E. , Finsen Vilhjalmur 
Published: August 2017

Background: “Wide awake hand surgery”, where surgery is performed in local anaesthesia with adrenaline, without sedation or a tourniquet, has become widespread in some countries. It has a number of potential advantages and we wished to evaluate it among our patients. Methods: All 122 patients treated by this method during one year were evaluated by the surgeons and the patients on a numerical scale from 0 (best/least) to 10 (worst/most). Theatre time was compared to that recorded for a year when regional or general anaesthesia had been used. Results: The patients’ mean score for the general care they had received was 0.1 (SD 0.6), for pain during lidocaine injection 2.4 (SD 2.2), for pain during surgery 0.9 (SD 1.5), and for other discomfort during surgery 0.5 (SD 1.4). Eight reported that they would want general anaesthesia if they were to be operated again. The surgeons’ mean evaluation of bleeding during surgery was 1.6 (SD 1.8), oedema during surgery 0.4 (SD 1.1), general disadvantages with the method 1.0 (SD 1.6) and general advantages 6.5 (SD 4.3). The estimation of advantages was 9.9 (DS 0.5) for tendon suture. 28 patients needed intra-operative additional anaesthesia. The proportion was lower among trained hand surgeons and fell significantly during the study period. Non-surgical theatre time was 46 (SD 15) minutes during the study period and 55 (SD 22) minutes during the regional/general period (p < 0.001). This gain was cancelled out by a longer surgery time during the wide awake period. Conclusions: Wide awake surgery is fully acceptable to most patients. It has a number of advantages over general or regional anaesthesia, but we feel it is unlikely to improve the efficiency of the operating theatre.
The Effect of Hand Dominance on Patient-Reported Outcomes of Carpal Tunnel Release in Patients with Bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: TANG Qian Ying , LAI Wei Hong , TAY Shian Chao 
Published: August 2017

Background: There is a paucity of studies in published literature that examines the effect of hand dominance on the resolution of symptoms following a carpal tunnel release. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of hand dominance on the resolution of symptoms following surgical decompression in patients with severe and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods: Bilateral carpal tunnel release (total 90 open and 84 endoscopic) was performed on 87 patients (11 males, 76 females) presenting with bilateral severe or moderate carpal tunnel syndrome of equal severity. Patient-reported outcome of resolution of symptoms were recorded, with patients followed up until complete resolution of symptoms or last recorded consultation (mean follow-up duration 11.4 months, range 3.1 to 32.4 months). Results: In patients with bilateral severe carpal tunnel syndrome, a larger proportion of non-dominant hand (75.4%) achieved complete resolution compared to dominant hand (72.1%), and did so at a statistically shorter time (mean: 52.3 days) than the dominant hand (mean: 81.0 days). However, there was no statistically significant difference between proportion of patients and time taken before complete resolution of symptoms between dominant and non-dominant hand in patients with bilateral moderate carpal tunnel syndrome. Conclusions: Symptoms in the non-dominant hand resolved faster after carpal tunnel release in patients with severe carpal tunnel syndrome. We postulate that greater daily activity by the dominant hand compared to the non-dominant hand may be a contributing factor to its slower rate of symptoms resolution post-surgically in patients with bilateral severe carpal tunnel syndrome. This effect of hand dominance is not evident in post-surgical patients with moderate carpal tunnel syndrome.
Enteric serotonin and oxytocin: endogenous regulation of severity in a murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Gross Margolis Kara , Vittorio Jennifer , Talavera Maria , Gluck Karen , Li Zhishan , Iuga Alina , Stevanovic Korey , Saurman Virginia , Israelyan Narek , Welch Martha G. , Gershon Michael D. 
Published: August 2017

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that may also affect the liver, causes a great deal of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. We tested the hypothesis that signaling molecules, which are endogenous to the bowel, regulate the severity of intestinal and hepatic damage in an established murine NEC model. Specifically, we postulated that mucosal serotonin (5-HT), which is proinflammatory, would exacerbate experimental NEC and that oxytocin (OT), which is present in enteric neurons and is anti-inflammatory, would oppose it. Genetic deletion of the 5-HT transporter (SERT), which increases and prolongs effects of 5-HT, was found to increase the severity of systemic manifestations, intestinal inflammation, and associated hepatotoxicity of experimental NEC. In contrast, genetic deletion of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), which is responsible for 5-HT biosynthesis in enterochromaffin (EC) cells of the intestinal mucosa, and TPH inhibition with LP-920540 both decrease the severity of experimental NEC in the small intestine and liver. These observations suggest that 5-HT from EC cells helps to drive the inflammatory damage to the gut and liver that occurs in the murine NEC model. Administration of OT decreased, while the OT receptor antagonist atosiban exacerbated, the intestinal inflammation of experimental NEC. Data from the current investigation are consistent with the tested hypotheses—that the enteric signaling molecules, 5-HT (positively) and OT (negatively) regulate severity of inflammation in a mouse model of NEC. Moreover, we suggest that mucosally restricted inhibition of 5-HT biosynthesis and/or administration of OT may be useful in the treatment of NEC.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Serotonin (5-HT) and oxytocin reciprocally regulate the severity of intestinal inflammation and hepatotoxicity in a murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Selective depletion of mucosal 5-HT through genetic deletion or inhibition of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 ameliorates, while deletion of the 5-HT uptake transporter, which increases 5-HT availability, exacerbates the severity of NEC. In contrast, oxytocin reduces, while the oxytocin receptor antagonist atosiban enhances, NEC severity. Peripheral tryptophan hydroxylase inhibition may be useful in treatment of NEC.
Temperature-dependent modulation of regional lymphatic contraction frequency and flow
Authors: Solari Eleonora , Marcozzi Cristiana , Negrini Daniela , Moriondo Andrea 
Published: August 2017

Lymph drainage and propulsion are sustained by an extrinsic mechanism, based on mechanical forces acting from the surrounding tissues against the wall of lymphatic vessels, and by an intrinsic mechanism attributable to active spontaneous contractions of the lymphatic vessel muscle. Despite being heterogeneous, the mechanisms underlying the generation of spontaneous contractions share a common biochemical nature and are thus modulated by temperature. In this study, we challenged excised tissues from rat diaphragm and hindpaw, endowed with spontaneously contracting lymphatic vessels, to temperatures from 24°C (hindpaw) or 33°C (diaphragmatic vessels) to 40°C while measuring lymphatic contraction frequency ( fc) and amplitude. Both vessel populations displayed a sigmoidal relationship between fc and temperature, each centered around the average temperature of surrounding tissue (36.7 diaphragmatic and 32.1 hindpaw lymphatics). Although the slope factor of the sigmoidal fit to the fc change of hindpaw vessels was 2.3°C·cycles−1·min−1, a value within the normal range displayed by simple biochemical reactions, the slope factor of the diaphragmatic lymphatics was 0.62°C·cycles−1·min−1, suggesting the added involvement of temperature-sensing mechanisms. Lymph flow calculated as a function of temperature confirmed the relationship observed on fc data alone and showed that none of the two lymphatic vessel populations would be able to adapt to the optimal working temperature of the other tissue district. This poses a novel question whether lymphatic vessels might not adapt their function to accommodate the change if exposed to a surrounding temperature, which is different from their normal condition. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates to what extent lymphatic vessel intrinsic contractility and lymph flow are modulated by temperature and that this modulation is dependent on the body district that the vessels belong to, suggesting a possible functional misbehavior should lymphatic vessels be exposed to a chronically different temperature.
Effect of a prehop on the muscle-tendon interaction during vertical jumps
Authors: Aeles Jeroen , Lichtwark Glen , Peeters Dries , Delecluse Christophe , Jonkers Ilse , Vanwanseele Benedicte 
Published: August 2017

Many movements use stretch-shortening cycles of a muscle-tendon unit (MTU) for storing and releasing elastic energy. The required stretching of medial gastrocnemius (MG) tendinous tissue during jumps, however, requires large length changes of the muscle fascicles because of the lack of MTU length changes. This has a negative impact on the force-generating capacity of the muscle fascicles. The purpose of this study was to induce a MG MTU stretch before shortening by adding a prehop to the squat jump. Eleven well-trained athletes specialized in jumping performed a prehop squat jump (PHSJ) and a standard squat jump (SSJ). Kinematic data were collected using a 3D motion capture system and were used in a musculoskeletal model to calculate MTU lengths. B-mode ultrasonography of the MG was used to measure fascicle length and pennation angle during the jumps. By combining the muscle-tendon unit lengths, fascicle lengths, and pennation angles, the stretch and recoil of the series elastic element of MG were calculated using a simple geometric muscle-tendon model. Our results show less length changes of the muscle fascicles during the upward motion and lower maximal shortening velocities, increasing the moment-generating capacity of the plantar flexors, reflected in the higher ankle joint moment in the PHSJ compared with the SSJ. Although muscle-tendon interaction during the PHSJ was more optimal, athletes were not able to increase their jump height compared with the SSJ.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study that aimed to improve the muscle-tendon interaction in squat jumping. We effectively introduced a stretch to the medial gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit resulting in lower maximal shortening velocities and thus an increase in the plantar flexor force-generating capacity, reflected in the higher ankle joint moment in the prehop squat jump compared with the standard squat jump. Here, we demonstrate an effective method for mechanical optimization of the muscle-tendon interaction in the medial gastrocnemius during squat jumping.
A Bifunctional MAPK/PI3K Antagonist for Inhibition of Tumor Growth and Metastasis
Authors: Galbán Stefanie , Apfelbaum April A. , Espinoza Carlos , Heist Kevin , Haley Henry , Bedi Karan , Ljungman Mats , Galbán Craig J. , Luker Gary D. , Dort Marcian Van , Ross Brian D. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Responses to targeted therapies frequently are brief, with patients relapsing with drug-resistant tumors. For oncogenic MEK and BRAF inhibition, drug resistance commonly occurs through activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and immune checkpoint modulation, providing a robust molecular target for concomitant therapy. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of a bifunctional kinase inhibitor (ST-162) that concurrently targets MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways. Treatment with ST-162 produced regression of mutant KRAS- or BRAF-addicted xenograft models of colorectal cancer and melanoma and stasis of BRAF/PTEN–mutant melanomas. Combining ST-162 with immune checkpoint blockers further increased efficacy in a syngeneic KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer model. Nascent transcriptome analysis revealed a unique gene set regulated by ST-162 related to melanoma metastasis. Subsequent mouse studies revealed ST-162 was a potent inhibitor of melanoma metastasis to the liver. These findings highlight the significant potential of a single molecule with multikinase activity to achieve tumor control, overcome resistance, and prevent metastases through modulation of interconnected cell signaling pathways. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(11); 2340–50. ©2017 AACR.
Current Management of Hyponatremia in Acute Heart Failure: A Report From the Hyponatremia Registry for Patients With Euvolemic and Hypervolemic Hyponatremia (HN Registry)
Authors: Dunlap Mark E. , Hauptman Paul J. , Amin Alpesh N. , Chase Sandra L. , Chiodo Joseph A. , Chiong Jun R. , Dasta Joseph F. 
Published: August 2017

Background

Hyponatremia (
HN
) occurs commonly in patients with acute heart failure and confers a worse prognosis. Current
HN
treatment varies widely, with no consensus. This study recorded treatment practices currently used for patients hospitalized with acute heart failure and
HN
.

Methods and Results

Data were collected prospectively from 146
US
sites on patients hospitalized with acute heart failure and
HN
(serum sodium concentration [Na
+
] ≤130
mE
q/L) present at admission or developing in the hospital. Baseline variables,
HN
treatment, and laboratory values were recorded. Of 762 patients, median [Na
+
] was 126
mE
q/L (interquartile range, 7) at baseline and increased to 130 mEq/L at discharge. Fluid restriction was the most commonly prescribed therapy (44%), followed by no specific
HN
treatment beyond therapy for congestion (23%), isotonic saline (5%), tolvaptan (4%), and hypertonic saline (2%). Median rate of change in [Na
+
] varied by treatment (0.5 [interquartile range, 1.0] to 2.3 [8.0]
mE
q/L/d) and median treatment duration ranged from 1 (interquartile range, 1) to 6 (5) days. Fluid restriction and no specific
HN
treatment resulted in similar changes in [Na
+
], and were least effective in correcting
HN
. Few patients (19%) had [Na
+
] ≥135
mE
q/L at discharge.

Conclusions

The most commonly used treatment approaches for
HN
(fluid restriction and no specific treatment) in acute heart failure increased [Na
+
] minimally, and most patients remained hyponatremic at discharge.