bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodistribution, Clearance, and Long‐Term Fate of Clinically Relevant Nanomaterials
Authors: Bourquin Joël , Milosevic Ana , Hauser Daniel , Lehner Roman , Blank Fabian , Petri‐Fink Alke , Rothen‐Rutishauser Barbara 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRealization of the immense potential of nanomaterials for biomedical applications will require a thorough understanding of how they interact with cells, tissues, and organs. There is evidence that, depending on their physicochemical properties and subsequent interactions, nanomaterials are indeed taken up by cells. However, the subsequent release and/or intracellular degradation of the materials, transfer to other cells, and/or translocation across tissue barriers are still poorly understood. The involvement of these cellular clearance mechanisms strongly influences the long‐term fate of used nanomaterials, especially if one also considers repeated exposure. Several nanomaterials, such as liposomes and iron oxide, gold, or silica nanoparticles, are already approved by the American Food and Drug Administration for clinical trials; however, there is still a huge gap of knowledge concerning their fate in the body. Herein, clinically relevant nanomaterials, their possible modes of exposure, as well as the biological barriers they must overcome to be effective are reviewed. Furthermore, the biodistribution and kinetics of nanomaterials and their modes of clearance are discussed, knowledge of the long‐term fates of a selection of nanomaterials is summarized, and the critical points that must be considered for future research are addressed.
A Self‐Powered Portable Power Bank Based on a Hybridized Nanogenerator
Authors: Liu Long , Tang Wei , Chen Baodong , Deng Chaoran , Zhong Wei , Cao Xia , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) and electromagnetic generators (EMGs) are hybridized together to harvest ambient mechanical energy. The TENGs employ a circle‐in‐circle structure and therefore act as a support for the EMG's magnet. The EMG possesses a double‐coil construction and works under external motions or vibrations. The outputs of the hybrid generators are systematically investigated. It is found that, a 1000 µF capacitor can be charged to 1.69 V after five cycles of vibrations. Therefore, the hybrid device can be applied as a self‐powered portable power bank to charge lithium batteries, cell phones, and to directly drive electronics.
PbSe Nanorod Field‐Effect Transistors: Room‐ and Low‐Temperature Performance
Authors: Han Lu , Balazs Daniel M. , Shulga Artem G. , Abdu‐Aguye Mustapha , Ma Wanli , Loi Maria Antonietta 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLead chalcogenides with large exciton Bohr radius display strong quantum confinement, which make them applicable in a wide range of optoelectronic devices such as solar cells and photodetectors. Especially, 1D PbSe nanocrystals attract much attention with their potential for multiple exciton generation. However, very little is known on their charge transport properties. In this study well performing field‐effect transistors based on PbSe nanorods with an inorganic iodide‐based ligand are presented for the first time. The transistors at room temperature display ambipolar characteristics with electron mobility of ≈0.1 cm2 V−1 s−1 and hole mobility of 1.1 × 10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1 in the ultraclean environment. Low temperature investigation reveals a transition around 200 K between nearest‐neighbor and variable‐range hopping mechanism. Below 200 K, the transport properties are dominated by the severe disorder.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant overcomes the adverse survival effect of very high risk and unfavorable karyotype in myelofibrosis
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Partain Daniel K. , Palmer Jeanne M. , Slack James L. , Roy Vivek , Hogan William J. , Litzow Mark L. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Patnaik Mrinal M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe prognostic importance of genetic information in primary myelofibrosis (PMF) was recently highlighted in a study of over 1000 cytogenetically‐annotated patients; 5‐year survival rates were 8% for very high risk (VHR), 27% “unfavorable” and 45% “favorable” karyotype. The current study addresses the practice‐relevant question of whether or not allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) can overcome the detrimental survival effect of VHR or unfavorable karyotype. The study included 67 patients with PMF or secondary MF who received HCT at the Mayo Clinic and in whom pretransplant cytogenetic information was available. Dynamic international prognostic scoring system (DIPSS) risk distribution was 13% high, 66% intermediate‐2 and 21% intermediate‐1. Cytogenetic risk distribution was 11% VHR, 34% unfavorable and 55% favorable. At median post‐HCT follow‐up of 60 months for living patients (range 34‐170), 28 (42%) deaths were recorded. Five‐year survival was 62% and was not affected by VHR or unfavorable karyotype (P = .68). The salutary effect of HCT in patients with VHR or unfavorable karyotype was also apparent during analysis of a combined dataset that included a nontransplant cohort of 383 patients with PMF; multivariable analysis of the combined dataset (n = 450) resulted in HRs (95% CI) of 2.4 (1.6‐3.6) for absence of transplant, 3.3 (2.2‐4.8) for VHR karyotype, 1.6 (1.2‐2.1) for unfavorable karyotype, 2.9 (2.0‐4.2) for DIPSS high and 1.7 (1.4‐2.2) for DIPSS intermediate‐2. These observations were further confirmed by analysis of more stringently matched case‐control subset cohorts and provide the evidence for the therapeutic preference of HCT in cytogenetically high risk patients with MF.
Workers’ compensation and the working poor
Authors: Topete Liza , Forst Linda , Zanoni Joseph , Friedman Lee 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundThe working poor are at highest risk of work‐related injuries and have limited access to occupational health care.ObjectivesTo explore community health centers (CHCs) as a venue for accessing at risk workers; and to examine the experience, knowledge, and perceptions of workers’ compensation (WC) among the working poor.MethodsKey informant interviews were conducted among patients in waiting rooms of rural and urban CHCs.ResultFifty‐one interviews of minority workers across sectors identified 23 prior work‐related injuries and mixed experiences with the WC system. Barriers to reporting and ways to overcome these barriers were elucidated.ConclusionsPatients in CHCs work in jobs that put them at risk for work‐related injuries. CHCs are a good site for accessing at‐risk workers. Improving occupational healthcare and appropriate billing of WC insurance should be explored, as should best practices for employers to communicate WC laws to low wage workers.
Occupational asthma risk from exposures to toluene diisocyanate: A review and risk assessment
Authors: Daniels Robert D. 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundToluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is a known respiratory sensitizer linked to occupational asthma (OA). To better manage worker risks, an appropriate characterization of the TDI‐OA dose‐risk relationship is needed.MethodsThe literature was reviewed for data suitable for dose‐response modeling. Previous study data were fit to models to derive prospective occupational exposure limits (OELs), using benchmark dose (BMD) and low‐dose extrapolation approaches.ResultsData on eight TDI‐exposed populations were suitable for analysis. There were 118 OA cases in a population contributing 13 590 person‐years. The BMD‐based OEL was 0.4 ppb. The OEL based on low‐dose extrapolation to working lifetime extra risk of 1/1000 was 0.3 ppb.ConclusionsThis study synthesized epidemiologic data to characterize the TDI‐OA dose‐risk relationship. This approach yielded prospective OEL estimates below recent recommendations by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, but given significant study limitations, this should be interpreted with caution. Confirmatory research is needed.
Copper‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Ketoxime Carboxylates and N‐Aryl Glycine Esters for the Synthesis of Pyridines
Authors: Guo Xin , Yang Xueying , Qin Mingda , Liu Yafeng , Yang Yuting , Chen Baohua 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAn efficient route for the synthesis of diverse pyridines has been developed through a copper‐catalyzed cyclization of ketoxime carboxylates and N‐aryl glycine esters with N−O and C−N bond cleavage. In this reaction, a variety of functional groups were tolerated; thus, providing a simple way to afford polysubstituted pyridines in good yields under mild conditions.
Bildung von Aufbauprodukten aus den Selbst‐ und Kreuzreaktionen von RO2‐Radikalen in der Atmosphäre
Authors: Berndt Torsten , Scholz Wiebke , Mentler Bernhard , Fischer Lukas , Herrmann Hartmut , Kulmala Markku , Hansel Armin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSowohl durch natürliche als auch durch vom Menschen beeinflusste Vorgänge werden Kohlenwasserstoffe in sehr großer Menge in die Erdatmosphäre emittiert. Ihre atmosphärischen Oxidationsvorgänge bilden fast ausschließlich reaktive RO2‐Radikale als Zwischenprodukte, deren atmosphärisches Schicksal noch nicht vollständig erforscht ist. Hier wird gezeigt, dass Gasphasenreaktionen von zwei RO2‐Radikalen Aufbauprodukte bilden, die aus dem Kohlenstoffgerüst beider Reaktionspartner bestehen. RO2‐Radikale, die funktionelle Gruppen tragen, zeigen hohe Bildungsgeschwindigkeiten der Aufbauprodukte, die mit denen der entsprechenden Reaktionen mit NO und HO2 konkurrieren. Dieses Reaktionsverhalten, das bei der Modellierung von atmosphärischen Prozessen noch nicht berücksichtigt wurde, kann für das Schicksal von RO2‐Radikalen in allen Bereichen der Atmosphäre wichtig oder sogar vorherrschend sein. Darüber hinaus können die gebildeten Aufbauprodukte einen besonders niedrigen Dampfdruck aufweisen, der sie als wirksame Quelle für das sekundäre organische Aerosol kennzeichnet.
Doppelte CH‐Aktivierung eines maskierten Bismutamid‐Kations
Authors: Ritschel Benedikt , Poater Jordi , Dengel Hannah , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias , Lichtenberg Crispin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDie Umwandlung von C‐H‐Bindungen in reaktivere und leicht funktionalisierbare C‐Metall‐Bindungen ist für die Synthesechemie von höchster Bedeutung. Wir zeigen hier, dass die Transformation neutraler Bismutverbindungen in kationische Derivate als Strategie für CH‐Aktivierungsreaktionen dienen kann. Konkret wurde eine doppelte CH‐Aktivierung von Bismut‐gebundenem Diphenylamid, (NPh2)−, realisiert. Die metallorganischen Produkte des ersten und zweiten Schritts der CH‐Aktivierung wurden in hohen Ausbeuten isoliert. Eine selektive Funktionalisierung der aktivierten Positionen gelang in Eintopfreaktionen. Analysen mittels NMR‐Spektroskopie, Röntgenbeugung an Einkristallen und DFT‐Rechnungen offenbarten ungewöhnliche Eigenschaften im Grundzustand (z. B. Ringspannung, moderate Heteroaromatizität) und ließen Rückschlüsse auf die Reaktionsmechanismen zu.
Formation of NiCo2V2O8 Yolk–Double Shell Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Properties
Authors: Lu Yan , Nai Jianwei , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: February 2018

AbstractComplex nanostructures with multi‐components and intricate architectures hold great potential in developing high‐performance electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we demonstrate a facile self‐templating strategy for the synthesis of metal vanadate nanomaterials with complex chemical composition of NiCo2V2O8 and a unique yolk–double shell structure. Starting with the Ni‐Co glycerate spheres, NiCo2V2O8 yolk–double shell spheres are synthesized through an anion‐exchange reaction of Ni‐Co glycerate templates with VO3− ions, followed by an annealing treatment. By virtue of compositional and structural advantages, these NiCo2V2O8 yolk–double shell spheres manifest outstanding lithium storage properties when evaluated as anodes for LIBs. Impressively, an extra‐high reversible capacity of 1228 mAh g−1 can be retained after 500 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 Ag−1.
Enhanced tribological performance of hybrid polytetrafluoroethylene/Kevlar fabric composite filled with milled pitch‐based carbon fibers
Authors: Sun Wenbo , Gu Yizhuo , Yang Zhongjia , Li Min , Wang Shaokai , Zhang Zuoguang 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTAs self‐lubricating bearing liner materials, tribological properties of milled pitch‐based carbon fibers (CFs) modified polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/Kevlar fabric composites were investigated, and the microscopic morphology of worn surface was studied. The results show that the appropriate incorporation of CFs can obviously reduce the wear rate of the fabric composite with almost unchanging friction coefficient. The wear rates of 5 wt % CF‐filled PTFE/Kevlar fabric composites are decreased by 30% and 48% for two kinds of composites made with fibers from different producers compared with unfilled fabric composites. Scanning electron microscopy observations show that the appropriate incorporation of CFs obviously improves the interfacial bonding and reduces pull‐out and fracture of Kevlar fiber. Meanwhile, the introduction of CFs at proper fraction is helpful to form smooth and continuous transfer film on the surface of metal counterpart. The improving mechanism of the CF is attributed to increasing mechanical strength, thermal conductivity and self‐lubricating effects. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46269.
Student outcomes after 1 year of front line staff implementation of the PEAK curriculum
Authors: Dixon Mark R. , Belisle Jordan , Stanley Caleb R. , Rowsey Kyle 
Published: February 2018

Systems‐level interventions built by behavior analysts often rely on others to implement, and this may be especially true in public education settings where behavior analysts are scarce. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Promoting the Emergence of Advanced Knowledge Direct Training (PEAK‐DT) curriculum when implemented by school teachers and direct care staff. Thirty‐nine children with autism took part in the study (19 PEAK, 15 control), where the experimental group received applied behavior analytic instruction through the PEAK‐DT curriculum, and the quasi‐randomized control group received training as usual. The PEAK‐DT assessment was first administered to the participants at the onset of the study and again following 1 year. Participants who received PEAK training gained more skills on the PEAK‐DT assessment compared to the control group (PEAK: M = 16.0, SD = 17.8; control: M = 6.1, SD = 14.4, F(1,33) = 10.66, p < .05), suggesting that systems level implementation of behavior analytic procedures can be effective in teaching language skills as prescribed in a packaged curriculum designed by behavior analysts.
Simultaneous determination of gelsemine and koumine in rat plasma by UPLC‐MS/MS and application to pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Gelsemium elegans Benth extract
Authors: Wang Lin , Wen Yanqing , Meng Fanhao 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA simple, rapid and sensitive method using UPLC‐MS/MS was established and validated for simultaneous determination of gelsemine and koumine in rat plasma after oral administration of Gelsemium elegans Benth extract. Plasma was performed with methanol precipitation and berberine was chosen as the internal standard. Plasma samples were separated on an Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 column (3.0 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) with gradient elution using acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Multiple reaction monitoring mode in positive ion mode was utilized for detection. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.2–100 ng/mL for gelsemine and 0.1–50 ng/mL for koumine, with the lower limits of quantification 0.2 and 0.1 ng/mL, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐precision and accuracy were well within the acceptable ranges. The developed method was successfully applied to an in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rat after oral administration of 10 mg/kg Gelsemium elegans Benth extract.
Prospective, randomized comparison of 3‐dimensional computed tomography guidance versus TEE data for left atrial appendage occlusion (PRO3DLAAO)
Authors: Eng Marvin H. , Wang Dee Dee , Greenbaum Adam B. , Gheewala Neil , Kupsky Daniel , Aka Tongwa , Song Thomas , Kendall Bradley James , Wyman Janet , Myers Eric , Forbes Michael , O'Neill William W. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundPreliminary data comparing 3‐dimensional computed tomography (3D‐CT) to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) indicates that 3D‐CT provides more accurate measurements and improves case planning. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study comparing 3D‐CT to TEE in occluder selection accuracy and procedural efficiency.MethodsFrom May 2016 to February 2017, 24 patients were prospectively randomized to undergo LAAO using either TEE or 3D‐CT. The primary endpoint was device accuracy while the secondary endpoints included # devices per case, # guide catheters used per case, # fluoroscopy angles used, procedure time, fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, and major adverse events (stroke, MI, device embolization, perforation, death).ResultsProcedure success was 100% and 92% for the 3D‐CT and 2D‐TEE cohorts respectively. Accuracy for 1st device selection 92% and 27% (P = .01) for 3D‐CT and 2D‐TEE respectively but with intra‐procedural upsizing in the 2D‐TEE cohort, the 2D‐TEE cohort accuracy increased to 64% while the 3D‐CT groups 92% was accurate (P = .33). Case planning using 3D‐CT was significantly more efficient with respect to device utilization (CT 1.33 ± 0.7 vs. 2D‐TEE 2.5 ± 1.2 P = .01), guide catheters (CT 1 vs. 2D‐TEE 1.7 ± 0.8 P = .01) and procedure time (3D‐CT 55 ± 17 min vs. 2D‐TEE 73 ± 24 min P < .05). One major adverse event, a stroke occurred in the 2D‐TEE group.ConclusionIn this single‐center pilot study, CT guided LAAO case planning was associated with improved device selection accuracy and procedural efficiency. This study data supports the notion that comprehensive 3D assessment significantly simplifies LAAO, minimizing the time and number of steps needed.
Ex Situ Evidence for the Role of a Fluoride‐Rich Layer Switching the Growth of Nanopores to Nanotubes: A Missing Piece of the Anodizing Puzzle
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Kowalski Damian , Zhu Chunyu , Aoki Yoshitaka , Habazaki Hiroki 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the Laboratory of Interfacial Electrochemistry, Hokkaido University (Japan). The image illustrates the transition of anodic nanopores into nanotubes during the anodizing process. The compositional fingerprints of this transition, acquired by using high‐resolution TEM/EDS, shed light on the general mechanism of nanotube growth in organic electrolytes containing fluorides. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201701103.
Thermally Stable TiO2‐ and SiO2‐Shell‐Isolated Au Nanoparticles for In Situ Plasmon‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Hydrogenation Catalysts
Authors: Hartman Thomas , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is known as a powerful technique for solid catalyst characterization as it provides vibrational fingerprints of (metal) oxides, reactants, and products. It can even become a strong surface‐sensitive technique by implementing shell‐isolated surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS). Au@TiO2 and Au@SiO2 shell‐isolated nanoparticles (SHINs) of various sizes were therefore prepared for the purpose of studying heterogeneous catalysis and the effect of metal oxide coating. Both SiO2‐ and TiO2‐SHINs are effective SHINERS substrates and thermally stable up to 400 °C. Nano‐sized Ru and Rh hydrogenation catalysts were assembled over the SHINs by wet impregnation of aqueous RuCl3 and RhCl3. The substrates were implemented to study CO adsorption and hydrogenation under in situ conditions at various temperatures to illustrate the differences between catalysts and shell materials with SHINERS. This work demonstrates the potential of SHINS for in situ characterization studies in a wide range of catalytic reactions.
Alkynyl Coinage Metal Clusters and Complexes–Syntheses, Structures, and Strategies
Authors: Gupta Arvind Kumar , Orthaber Andreas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this Concept we discuss how the chemistry of coinage metal complexes based on alkynyl ligands has developed over the past decades. The rich coordination of alkynyl, that exhibit both η1 (end‐on) and η2 (side on) modes, includes non‐bridged systems, as well as bridging of up to four (or six) metal centres. Resulting metal clusters often exhibit highly regular structures and typical coordination motifs forming fascinating assemblies exploiting this versatile coordination. Metallophilic interactions are often an important driving force for the formation of large clusters. In addition, the use of co‐ligands as well the possibility to encapsulate counter ions greatly increases the chemical and structural diversity. Herein we attempt to summarize and highlight design principles towards multinuclear homo and hetero‐bi‐metallic coinage metal clusters of alkynyl ligands.
Coupling Influences SMM Properties for Pure 4 f Systems
Authors: Zhang Xuejing , Liu Shuang , Vieru Veacheslav , Xu Na , Gao Chen , Wang Bing‐Wu , Shi Wei , Chibotaru Liviu F. , Gao Song , Cheng Peng , Powell Annie K. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIncreasing both the energy barrier for magnetization reversal and the coercive field of the hysteresis loop are significant challenges in the field of single‐molecule magnets (SMMs). Coordination geometries of lanthanide ions and magnetic interactions between lanthanide ions are both important for guiding the magnetic behavior of SMMs. We report a high energy barrier of 657 K (457 cm−1) in a diamagnetic‐ion‐diluted lanthanide chain compound with a constrained bisphenoid symmetry (D2d); this energy barrier is substantially higher than the barrier of 567 K (394 cm−1) of the non‐diluted chain compound with intrachain ferromagnetic interactions. Although intrachain magnetic interaction lowers the energy barrier for magnetization reversal, it can greatly enhance the coercive fields and zero‐field remanence of the hysteresis loops, which is crucial for the rational design of high‐performance SMMs. Factors related to the coordination sphere of the lanthanide center, which govern the high magnetic relaxation barriers through the second excited Kramer's doublets and the magnetic interactions that affect the hysteresis loops, were revealed through ab initio calculations.
An Unprecedented Pd‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Route to Fused Furo[3,4‐b]indol‐1‐ones
Authors: Acerbi Alessandra , Carfagna Carla , Costa Mirco , Mancuso Raffaella , Gabriele Bartolo , Della Ca' Nicola 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA novel and efficient catalytic approach to functionalized furo[3,4‐b]indol‐1‐ones is reported. It is based on a palladium‐catalyzed sequential process involving an initial cyclization of 2‐(hydroxypropyn‐1‐yl)anilines to form the indole moiety, followed by insertion of carbon monoxide and a second annulation step to build a lactone ring. In a single transformation, two fused heterocycles and three new bonds (C−N, C−C and C−O) are generated. The present methodology gives direct access to structurally complex molecules starting from readily available reagents.