bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enigma: Aspects of Multimodal Inter-Semiotic Translation
Authors: Cross Judith Leah 
Published: September 2016

Commercial and creative perspectives are critical when making movies. Deciding how to select and combine elements of stories gleaned from books into multimodal texts results in films whose modes of image, words, sound and movement interact in ways that create new wholes and so, new stories, which are more than the sum of their individual parts. The Imitation Game (2014) claims to be based on a true story recorded in the seminal biography by Andrew Hodges, Alan Turing: The Enigma (1983). The movie, as does its primary source, endeavours to portray the crucial role of Enigma during World War Two, along with the tragic fate of a key individual, Alan Turing. The film, therefore, involves translation of at least two "true" stories, making the film a rich source of data for this paper that addresses aspects of multimodal inter-semiotic translations (MISTs). Carefully selected aspects of tales based on "true stories" are interpreted in films; however, not all interpretations possess the same degree of integrity in relation to their original source text. This paper assumes films, based on stories, are a form of MIST, whose integrity of translation needs to be assessed. The methodology employed uses a case-study approach and a "grid" framework with two key critical thinking (CT) standards: Accuracy and Significance, as well as a scale (from "low" to "high"). This paper offers a stretched and nuanced understanding of inter-semiotic translation by analysing how multimodal strategies are employed by communication interpretants.
Teaching the Meaning and Meaninglessness of Life
Authors: HUSTON MARK R. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Anthony T. Kronman, in his book Education's End, both critiques the current teaching trends in the liberal arts and argues for a return to teaching “the meaning of life in a deliberate and organized way” (2007, 74). While I will use Kronman's work as a springboard, I will diverge significantly from his work as well. First, I will discuss some of the key distinctions that need to be made in order to even start to address something as substantial as the meaning of life, including an examination of the possibility that life is meaningless. I will look at the work of philosophers, literary works, and other disciplines to aid in this examination. Reflecting on the likes of C.P. Snow's The Two Cultures, I will argue that the liberal arts/humanities provide the best means for truly making sense of the meaning/meaninglessness of life. Finally, it is only the liberal arts/humanities that can provide the narrative structures, the creativity, and the collation of other disciplines, including the natural sciences, necessary to address such a substantial issue.
Using Patient Perspective Sessions to Increase Empathy and Recall in Preclinical Medical Students
Authors: Hendriksz Tami 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Context: At the author’s institution, patient perspective sessions were added to the preclinical curricula, in which actual patients present their medical stories and experiences to large groups of first- and second-year medical students. This curricular approach was designed to help address concerns about limited patient interaction during these years, which could lead to empathy erosion, academic burnout, and poor memory retention.

Objective: To determine whether patient perspective sessions conducted in the first and second years of medical school had an effect on students’ empathy toward patients and perceived retention of material.

Methods: In the summer of 2014, an anonymous electronic survey was sent to medical students in the class of 2016 who had completed the mandatory patient perspective curricula. The patient perspective sessions had started in the academic year of 2012-2013, and they involved real patients who presented their medical stories and experiences in the medical setting.

Results: Of 135 surveys sent, 43 completed surveys (32%) were returned. Twenty-seven respondents (89%) reported that the patient perspective sessions met the objective of “enhancing empathy toward the patient experience,” and 23 respondents (75%) reported that the sessions made the material easier to remember. Further, 24 respondents (91%) reported enjoying the sessions, and all respondents reported that they wanted the patient perspective sessions to continue.

Conclusion: Patient perspective sessions are a unique way to add more clinical exposure to the preclinical curriculum. These sessions have the potential to increase students’ empathy toward patients, to increase their retention of material, and to provide new perspective. Further, students reported enjoying the sessions, which can help decrease the potential for academic burnout.
MEMS electrostatic inductive transformer using potassium ion electrets for up- or down-conversion of AC current
Authors: Suzuki Masato , Moriyama Takashi , Toshiyoshi Hiroshi , Hashiguchi Gen 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we report on a novel MEMS electrostatic inductive transformer using potassium ion electrets on mechanically movable silicon microelectrodes. The device consists of a pair of electrostatic comb drive actuators that share a common mass in the middle part of a spring–mass–spring system. When an excitation AC voltage is applied to the electrode of the input-port comb drive at its mechanical resonant frequency, the mass in the middle oscillates to generate electrostatic inductive charges on the electrodes of the output-port comb drive, which could be read out as an output current. By appropriately designing the ratio of force factors of input- and output-port comb drives, the device operates as a transformer to amplify the current at a high efficiency over of 90% under the optimal load condition.
Integrating Scientific Publication into an Applied Gaming Ecosystem
Authors: Salman Munir , Fuchs Michael , Vu Binh , Brocks Holger , Becker Jana , Heutelbeck Dominic , Hemmje Matthias 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe European (EU)-based industry for non-leisure games (so called Applied Games, AGs) is an emerging business. As such it is still fragmented and needs to achieve critical mass to compete globally. Nevertheless, its growth potential is widely recognized and even suggested to exceed the growth potential of the leisure games market. The European project Realizing an Applied Gaming Ecosystem (RAGE) is aiming at supporting this challenge. RAGE will help to seize these opportunities by making available an interoperable set of advanced Applied Game (AG) technology assets, as well as proven practices of using such AG assets in various real-world contexts. As described in [1], RAGE will finally provide a centralized access to a wide range of applied gaming software modules, relevant information, knowledge and community services, and related scientific documents, taxonomies, media, and educational resources within an online community portal called the RAGE Ecosystem. Besides this, an integration between the RAGE Ecosystem and relevant social network interaction spaces that arranges and facilitates collaboration that underlie Research and Development (R&D), as well as marketoriented innovation and exploitation will be created in order to support community building, as well as collaborative asset exploitation of User Generated Contents (UGCs) of the RAGE Ecosystem. In this paper, we will describe the integration of the Scientific Publication Platform (SPP) Mendeley [2] into the RAGE Ecosystem. This will allow for automating repetitive tasks, reducing errors, and speeding up time consuming tasks. On the other hand it will support information, UGC, and knowledge sharing, as well as persistency of social interaction threads within Social Networking Sites (SNSs) and Groupware Systems (GWSs) that are connected to the RAGE Ecosystem. The paper reviews relevant use cases and scenarios, as well as related authentication, access, and information integration challenges. In this way, on the one hand a qualitative evaluation regarding an optimal technical integration is facilitated while on the other hand design approaches for supporting features of resulting user interfaces are initiated.
Contrasting upper and lower atmospheric metrics of tropical expansion in the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Solomon A. , Polvani L. M. , Waugh D. W. , Davis S. M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObservational studies suggest that the tropics are expanding, but a wide range of expansion rates have been reported (from 0.2° to 2° of latitude per decade). This is due, in part, to the great variety of metrics used to define the tropical width. Here we ask whether these metrics are measuring tropical width consistently, focusing on the Southern Hemisphere, where the circulation is better approximated by the zonally symmetric component. Analyzing output from the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Large Ensemble Project, we show that tropical expansion robustly occurs in the model in response to forcings. In addition, we find that whereas the width of the Hadley circulation is strongly correlated with the midlatitude jet, from interannual to decadal time scales, it is essentially uncorrelated with upper atmospheric metrics, e.g., the maximum gradient of tropopause height, both in terms of variability and of response to forcings.
Geologic history of Martian regolith breccia Northwest Africa 7034: Evidence for hydrothermal activity and lithologic diversity in the Martian crust
Authors: McCubbin Francis M. , Boyce Jeremy W. , Novák‐Szabó Tímea , Santos Alison R. , Tartèse Romain , Muttik Nele , Domokos Gabor , Vazquez Jorge , Keller Lindsay P. , Moser Desmond E. , Jerolmack Douglas J. , Shearer Charles K. , Steele Andrew , Elardo Stephen M. , Rahman Zia , Anand Mahesh , Delhaye Thomas , Agee Carl B. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe timing and mode of deposition for Martian regolith breccia Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034 were determined by combining petrography, shape analysis, and thermochronology. NWA 7034 is composed of igneous, impact, and brecciated clasts within a thermally annealed submicron matrix of pulverized crustal rocks and devitrified impact/volcanic glass. The brecciated clasts are likely lithified portions of Martian regolith with some evidence of past hydrothermal activity. Represented lithologies are primarily ancient crustal materials with crystallization ages as old as 4.4 Ga. One ancient zircon was hosted by an alkali‐rich basalt clast, confirming that alkalic volcanism occurred on Mars very early. NWA 7034 is composed of fragmented particles that do not exhibit evidence of having undergone bed load transport by wind or water. The clast size distribution is similar to terrestrial pyroclastic deposits. We infer that the clasts were deposited by atmospheric rainout subsequent to a pyroclastic eruption(s) and/or impact event(s), although the ancient ages of igneous components favor mobilization by impact(s). Despite ancient components, the breccia has undergone a single pervasive thermal event at 500–800°C, evident by groundmass texture and concordance of ~1.5 Ga dates for bulk rock K‐Ar, U‐Pb in apatite, and U‐Pb in metamict zircons. The 1.5 Ga age is likely a thermal event that coincides with rainout/breccia lithification. We infer that the episodic process of regolith lithification dominated sedimentary processes during the Amazonian Epoch. The absence of pre‐Amazonian high‐temperature metamorphic events recorded in ancient zircons indicates source domains of static southern highland crust punctuated by episodic impact modification.
Testing fault growth models with low‐temperature thermochronology in the northwest Basin and Range, USA
Authors: Curry Magdalena A. E. , Barnes Jason B. , Colgan Joseph P. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCommon fault growth models diverge in predicting how faults accumulate displacement and lengthen through time. A paucity of field‐based data documenting the lateral component of fault growth hinders our ability to test these models and fully understand how natural fault systems evolve. Here we outline a framework for using apatite (U‐Th)/He thermochronology (AHe) to quantify the along‐strike growth of faults. To test our framework, we first use a transect in the normal fault‐bounded Jackson Mountains in the Nevada Basin and Range Province, then apply the new framework to the adjacent Pine Forest Range. We combine new and existing cross sections with 18 new and 16 existing AHe cooling ages to determine the spatiotemporal variability in footwall exhumation and evaluate models for fault growth. Three age‐elevation transects in the Pine Forest Range show that rapid exhumation began along the range‐front fault between approximately 15 and 11 Ma at rates of 0.2–0.4 km/Myr, ultimately exhuming approximately 1.5–5 km. The ages of rapid exhumation identified at each transect lie within data uncertainty, indicating concomitant onset of faulting along strike. We show that even in the case of growth by fault‐segment linkage, the fault would achieve its modern length within 3–4 Myr of onset. Comparison with the Jackson Mountains highlights the inadequacies of spatially limited sampling. A constant fault‐length growth model is the best explanation for our thermochronology results. We advocate that low‐temperature thermochronology can be further utilized to better understand and quantify fault growth with broader implications for seismic hazard assessments and the coevolution of faulting and topography.
Workers with hand dermatitis and workplace training experiences: A qualitative perspective
Authors: Zack Bethany , Arrandale Victoria H , Holness Dorothy Linn 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundWorkplace training may help to prevent contact dermatitis, a common work‐related disease. Information on the characteristics of existing workplace training programs and worker perceptions of this training is limited.MethodsFourteen workers with suspected occupational contact dermatitis participated in one‐on‐one, semi‐structured interviews. An inductive thematic analysis approach was used to identify interview themes.ResultsWorkers expressed a desire for hands‐on training with content relevant to their job tasks, favored training from supervisors who had practical experience, and were conflicted about employer motivations for providing training. Few workers had received training on skin protection. In many cases, the training workers had received differed greatly from their desired training.ConclusionsAlthough, workers with contact dermatitis describe having received workplace training, some question its value and effectiveness. This perspective may be attributed not only to the content and methods of training but also the health and safety culture of the workplace. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:69–76, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adaptive Chemical Networks under Non‐Equilibrium Conditions: The Evaporating Droplet
Authors: Armao Joseph J. , Lehn Jean‐Marie 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNon‐volatile solutes in an evaporating drop experience an out‐of‐equilibrium state due to non‐linear concentration effects and complex flow patterns. Here, we demonstrate a small molecule chemical reaction network that undergoes a rapid adaptation response to the out‐of‐equilibrium conditions inside the droplet leading to control over the molecular constitution and spatial arrangement of the deposition pattern. Adaptation results in a pronounced coffee stain effect and coupling to chemical concentration gradients within the drop is demonstrated. Amplification and suppression of network species are readily identifiable with confocal fluorescence microscopy. We anticipate that these observations will contribute to the design and exploration of out‐of‐equilibrium chemical systems, as well as be useful towards the development of point‐of‐care medical diagnostics and controlled deposition of small molecules through inkjet printing.
Carbon nanotubes from renewable feedstocks: A move toward sustainable nanofabrication
Authors: Vivekanandhan Singaravelu , Schreiber Makoto , Muthuramkumar Sankaralingam , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar Kumar 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTA recent development in the manufacturing of carbon nanotubes is the usage of renewable feedstocks as a carbon source. This new development is receiving much support and is a source of excitement among the global research communities due to the positive environmental impacts, reduced carbon footprints, and economic benefits. Various types of renewable feedstocks such as vegetable oils, plant derivatives, and other types of biomasses have been used for the green synthesis of carbon nanotubes by employing conventional fabrication techniques. As the global demand increases for green manufacturing, efforts to synthesize carbon nanotubes from renewable resources are receiving immense attention while also strengthening the concept of biorefinery. This also enables the efficient use of resources as well as improved waste management. The present review summarizes the recent developments and current status of the synthesis of carbon nanotubes using renewable feedstocks along with technical discussions, opportunities for novel precursors, and future directions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44255.
Contextual Spaces Re‐Ranking: accelerating the Re‐sort Ranked Lists step on heterogeneous systems
Authors: Pisani Flávia , Pedronette Daniel C. G. , Torres Ricardo da S. , Borin Edson 
Published: September 2016

SummaryRe‐ranking algorithms have been proposed to improve the effectiveness of content‐based image retrieval systems by exploiting contextual information encoded in distance measures and ranked lists. In this paper, we show how we improved the efficiency of one of these algorithms, called Contextual Spaces Re‐Ranking (CSRR). One of our approaches consists in parallelizing the algorithm with OpenCL to use the central and graphics processing units of an accelerated processing unit. The other is to modify the algorithm to a version that, when compared with the original CSRR, not only reduces the total running time of our implementations by a median of 1.6 × but also increases the accuracy score in most of our test cases. Combining both parallelization and algorithm modification results in a median speedup of 5.4 × from the original serial CSRR to the parallelized modified version. Different implementations for CSRR's Re‐sort Ranked Lists step were explored as well, providing insights into graphics processing unit sorting, the performance impact of image descriptors, and the trade‐offs between effectiveness and efficiency. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increasing secret key capacity of OFDM systems: a geometric program approach
Authors: Cheng Longwang , Li Wei , Zhou Li , Zhu Chunsheng , Wei Jibo , Guo Yantao 
Published: September 2016

SummaryExtracting secret keys from the common randomness of wireless channels has attracted prominent attention recently. Orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) systems can provide extra randomness in view of the use of multiple subchannels. So far, the secret key capacity of OFDM systems is still an open issue. In this paper, the secret key capacity of OFDM systems based on the subchannel state information is analyzed, and an expression of the secret key capacity is derived under the assumption that the subchannels are independent. To increase the secret key capacity, a power allocation scheme based on geometric program is proposed. Furthermore, an underlying propagation protocol is designed to realize the power allocation scheme. Performance simulations show that the proposed scheme achieves greater secret key capacity in comparison with equal power allocation scheme, especially at low signal‐to‐noise ratio region. Besides, the secret key bits mismatch rate during the secret key generation based on the power allocated subchannels is decreased.
The importance of nonstop treatment after delivery for pregnant women with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Omori Yasue , Yanagisawa Keiko , Sato Asako , Uchigata Yasuko 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundThere are no reports of very long follow‐up studies of pregnant women with type 2 diabetes after delivery. Here we describe cases of Japanese women whom we treated for 20 to 50 years after deliveries to investigate the relationship between blood glucose control and diabetic complications.MethodsIn Japan, the prevalence of type 1 diabetes is very low, and we have very few long‐term follow‐up cases with type 1 diabetes. Therefore, we chose to describe subjects with type 2 diabetes only. We present data on a total of 80 deliveries, 68 cases, treated by one of us (Y.O.) for more than a 50‐year period. They are divided into 4 groups based on duration of treatment after delivery: more than 50 years (1 delivery, 1 patient), 40 to 49 years (13 deliveries, 11 patients), 30 to 39 years (19 deliveries, 16 patients), and 20 to 29 years (47 deliveries, 40 patients). Their present average ages in these 4 groups are 77, 72.4, 65.9, and 55.5 years, respectively. Their average HbA1c levels at last visit, in May 2014, are 8.2%, 7.6%.,7.2%, and 8.3%, respectively.ResultsDespite elevated HbA1c levels, they had relatively few complications: 40% (no retinopathy), 43.8% (simple retinopathy), and 12.5% (treated with photocoagulation); 67.5% (no albuminuria), 26.3% (albuminuria), and 6.3% (treated with renal transplantation or hemodialysis).Therefore, even if glycemic control is not ideal, nonstop treatment of Japanese women for type 2 diabetes after deliveries is effective to prevent diabetic complications.ConclusionsLong‐term attention to care of diabetes after pregnancy may be preventive of diabetic complications in other populations as well.
RAW 264.7 co‐cultured with ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene particles spontaneously differentiate into osteoclasts: an in vitro model of periprosthetic osteolysis
Authors: Sartori M. , Vincenzi F. , Ravani A. , Cepollaro S. , Martini L. , Varani K. , Fini M. , Tschon M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWear‐particle osteolysis affects prosthesis survival leading to implant loosening up to 70% of revisions. Therapeutic strategies are increasing, however alternative testing methods to experimentally evaluate such treatments are lacking. The aim of this study was to reproduce an in vitro osteolysis model recapitulating the events that, starting from the exposure of macrophages to polyethylene, lead to the establishment of osteoclastogenesis and inflammation. Responses to polyethylene, at 3 and 7 days, in a macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, were determined by DNA quantification, immunofluorescence, pit assay, gene expression, cytokine production and NF‐kB activation. Results showed that 3 days exposure to particles could induce a significant production of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (p < 0.0005) and Prostaglandin E2 (p < 0.005) compared to controls. Particles also induced macrophages to spontaneously differentiate into mature and active osteoclasts, in terms of identification of multinucleated cells by Phalloidin staining and by the analysis of osteoclast‐specific gene markers. In particular, at 3 days polyethylene induced a significant up‐regulation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T‐cells, cytoplasmic 1, Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor Kappa‐B and Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa‐B Ligand genes (p < 0.0005) compared to controls. At protein level, the particles induced a significant increase of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa‐B Ligand at day 7 over controls (p < 0.0005). Osteoclasts were capable to resorb bone even in absence of differentiating factors. The possible mechanism, beside spontaneous osteoclastogenesis mediated by wear debris, was identified in an autocrine up‐regulation of Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand gene expression and protein synthesis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 510–520, 2017.