bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of the willingness to reduce or quit cocaine use among nightlife attendees
Authors: de Jonge Martha Charlotta , Bukman Andrea J. , Blankers Matthijs , Onrust Simone A. , Spronk Desirée B. , Laar Margriet van , Kleinjan Marloes 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background Worldwide, cocaine use and availability is very high by historical standards. People who use cocaine are exposed to physical and mental health risks. Prevention activities for this group traditionally focus on harm reduction, but research suggests there are opportunities for the deployment of interventions aimed at the reduction or cessation of cocaine use.
Objectives This study aims to improve our understanding of the characteristics of people who are willing to reduce or quit their cocaine use, as well as the determinants of motivation to reduce or quit cocaine use.
Methods We did a secondary data analysis on data collected for a Dutch cross-sectional study of Night live attendees (N=4824). Specifically, we selected the n=317 participants who had used cocaine at least once per month in the previous year. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate associations between willingness to reduce or quit cocaine use, and variables including risk perception, social norms regarding cocaine use, and mental health.
Results We found that Personal acceptance of your own use was associated with both willingness to reduce and to quit cocaine use. A higher frequency of cocaine use was associated with willingness to quit cocaine use. Associations were also found for Perceived harmfulness and several other determinants.
Conclusions Identifying determinants of motivation to reduce or quit cocaine use is crucial for developing interventions aimed at reduction or cessation of cocaine use.
Analyzing the Role of Artificial Emotional Intelligence in Personalizing Human Brand Interactions: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Asiabar Mojtaba Ghorbani , Asiabar Morteza Ghorbani , Asiabar Alireza Ghorbani 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study investigates the role of artificial emotional intelligence in personalizing human brand interactions.
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative data analysis. In the quantitative phase, online interaction data from 500 human brands with their audiences were collected over 6 months and analyzed using machine learning algorithms. The qualitative phase involved in-depth interviews with 25 branding experts and 50 consumers.
Results: Quantitative findings revealed that the use of artificial emotional intelligence led to a 37% increase in engagement rates and a 28% increase in audience satisfaction (p < 0.001). Thematic analysis of qualitative data showed that artificial emotional intelligence strengthens the emotional connection between human brands and their audiences by creating personalized interactions.
Conclusions: This research contributes to existing literature by presenting a novel conceptual model for integrating artificial emotional intelligence into personal branding strategies. It provides valuable guidance for professionals in leveraging emerging technologies to create more effective communications with audiences.
The Capacity of Lower Level Health Centers To Manage Non-Communicable Diseases In Uganda
Authors: Turyamureeba Robert 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

With funding from the Danish Civil Society Fund (CISU), and supported by the Danish NCD Alliance (DNCDA) and Uganda Non Communicable Diseases Alliance (UNDCA), the study focused on assessing the capacity of lower-level Health Centres (HC III & HC IV) to manage Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Uganda. Specifically, the survey assessed the capacity of HC III and HC IV units to: (i) detect the main NCDs (cancer, diabetes and heart disease); (ii) offer clinical care, including timely referral of patients with NCDs; and (iii) raise awareness, through health education and health promotion, on major risk factors to NCDs. The survey focused mainly on Cancer, Diabetes and Heart Diseases as the most prevalent NCDs. Using a cross-sectional survey design that embraced both qualitative and quantitative methods, the study found that HCs III and IV had inadequate technology, medicines, facilities, policies, record-keeping, human resource capacity to manage NCDs and conduct effective health education and promotion. As such, the study recommended that: the staffing norms of all levels of HCs should be upgraded; funding should be increased at the district level; the salaries and general working conditions of HC workers should be improved; and all HC health personnel should be trained in NCD management.
A Bibliometric Taxonomy of Virtual Reality in Education: Global Trends and Key Challenges Across Multiple Indices and Leading Publishers
Authors: Samala Agariadne Dwinggo , Rawas Soha , Rahmadika Sandi , Criollo-C Santiago , Fikri Ryan , Sandra Randi Proska 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Technology integration in education has driven significant innovation, with Virtual Reality (VR) emerging as a powerful tool to enhance learning experiences. VR enables students to engage in immersive, interactive environments that go beyond traditional teaching methods, supporting visualization of complex concepts and experiential learning. While VR has demonstrated success in disciplines like medicine, engineering, and design, its application across other fields remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of VR in education, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, utilizing multiple indices within the Web of Science Core Collection and data from leading publishers. The analysis uncovers key trends, such as Springer Nature's dominance in publishing VR-related research and the geographic distribution of VR studies, with the USA, China, and the UK being prominent contributors. Despite VR's potential, challenges such as high hardware costs, integration difficulties, and the need for educator training hinder its widespread adoption. The study also identifies potential solutions, including the development of affordable VR tools and better curriculum integration. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and technology developers, helping to guide more effective implementation and wider adoption of VR in diverse educational contexts.
Diagnostic accuracy of Truenat MTB Plus, Truenat MTB Ultima and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB in an HIV-endemic setting
Authors: Abdulgader Shima M , Chiwaya Arthur M , Reeve Byron W P , Palmer Zaida , Mishra Hridesh , Mbu Desiree L , Lushozi Nondumiso , Nkwanyana Zola , Ruhwald Morten , Penn-Nicholson Adam , Warren Robin , Theron Grant 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Truenat MTB Plus (MTB Plus) and MTB Ultima (Ultima) are World Health Organization-endorsed low-complexity tuberculosis (TB) tests, however, performance data are scarce.
Methods: Adults (≥18 years; n=498) self-presenting with symptoms to primary care clinics in Cape Town, South Africa (19/02/2016-22/02/2023) provided sputa. We evaluated the accuracy of MTB Plus and Ultima, with Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) as a comparator, vs. a single culture (TB reference standard) or MTBDRplus on an isolate (rifampicin susceptibility reference standard).
Results: The proportion of MTB Plus and Ultima unsuccessful results was 20% (95% confidence interval 17, 23) and 14 (11, 16), respectively, with ≥half resolving upon retesting the same eluate. In a three-way analysis, MTB Plus, Ultima and Ultra had sensitivities of 84% (78, 88), 90% (85, 93), and 92% (87, 95), and specificities of 95% (92, 97), 85% (80, 88) and 95% (92, 97) for TB. The proportion of unsuccessful results for MTB-RIF Dx done the same day as DNA extraction was 9% (3, 16; MTB Plus-positives) and 18% (10, 26; Ultima-positives) [if after day-of-extraction, these were 27% (18, 35) and 44% (35, 51)]. Same-day rifampicin susceptibility testing was often unsuccessful in samples with “very low” load [73% (58, 89) MTB Plus, 75% (65, 86) Ultima] but had 100% (40, 100) sensitivity and 99% (96, 100) specificity (for both MTB Plus- or Ultima-positive DNA). Lot variation in unsuccessful and false-positive results was observed.
Conclusion: Ultima showed comparable sensitivity to Ultra but specificity, lot variation, and, like MTB-RIF Dx, unsuccessful result rates were suboptimal.
Funding: European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, and South African Medical Research Council.
Relationship Between the Weight Function and Number of Active Sensors in a Sensor Array
Authors: Patwari Ashish , Bhattacharya Budhaditya 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

It is well-known that sensor arrays (antenna arrays) possess better directional properties than a single sensor. Unlike individual sensors, they provide higher gain, sensitivity, and a sense of direction. However, failure of sensors in a sensor array is a common problem that can disturb the array operation. Hence, quick identification of failed sensors is an important task to restore the array’s functionality. Even before knowing the exact positions of the failed sensors, it is important to know how many sensors have failed. Toward this end, we show how the array’s weight function can be used to determine the number of failed sensors. Numerical examples in MATLAB confirm the correctness of the proposed method. The suggested method works equally well for linear and planar arrays regardless of whether they are full or sparse.
Correlation of Metabolic Age with Chronological Age and Physical Examination Score from BIA in Male and Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yücel Hasan Esat , Ulcay Tufan , Görgülü Özkan , Öncü Ruken 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:Metabolic age is an important risk marker that can be easily understood by patients in clinical practice. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of metabolic age with chronological age and physical examination score in male and female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Material and Method:Male (n:50) and female patients (n:72) with T2DM were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements were obtained with Tanita MC-780MA device, waist/hip and waist/height ratios were calculated, variables were compared between groups and correlation with met age was analyzed. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors affecting met age.
Results:The difference between met-age and chronological age was significantly higher in female patients with T2DM (age difference: 6.0∓3.79 in female group, 3.38∓2.80 in male group) (p<0.001). BMI values, degree of obesity and fat mass were significantly higher in women (p<0.001), waist/hip ratios were lower (p<0.001) and waist/height ratios were higher (p=0.001). Physical examination score, muscle mass, lean mass and BMR were higher in men than in women (p<0.001).There was a significant positive association of met age with chronological age and a significant negative association with physical examination score in both sexes (p<0.05). According to the linear regression model, it was found that met age was positively affected by chronological age and waist/height ratio and negatively affected by physical examination score in the female group (R2 =0.983).In the male group, it was observed that it was positively affected by chronological age, obesity degree, body mass index (BMI) and negatively affected by physical examination score (R2 =0.974).
Conclusions:Met age increases with increasing chronological age and decreasing physical examination score in male and female patients with T2DM.
Experimental study on single-cylinder two-stroke piston expander based on in-cylinder spray heat transfer
Authors: Yu Qihui , Zhang Jiabao , Li Xiaodong , Sun Guoxin , Qin Ripeng , Li Feng 
Published: September 2024

Compressed air energy storage stands as a highly promising technology within the realm of energy retention. The piston expander finds applicability in smaller-scale compressed air energy storage systems. In compressed air energy storage systems, the expansion process is critical in energy discharge and significantly impacts overall performance. Isothermal expansion techniques are effective in enhancing the operational efficiency of piston expanders, in contrast to adiabatic expansion methodologies. Previous simulations by our research group show that the isothermal expansion model has a lower power output than the adiabatic expansion model due to its higher exhaust pressure. To further validate the accuracy of the simulation results, an experimental platform was constructed and the uncertainty of the experimental system as well as the measured data was evaluated. This study conducted experimental research using the single-variable method, focusing on different load conditions and spray parameters. The study findings indicate that the exhaust pressure during isothermal expansion consistently exceeds that of adiabatic expansion. The exhaust pressure of isothermal expansion increased by 3.85 % to 14.9 %. Under varying load conditions, the average rotational speed and output power of isothermal expansion were noted to be inferior to those of adiabatic expansion. Despite changes in nozzle diameter or spray temperature when the spray timing is set at 0°-180°, the average rotational speed and output power of isothermal expansion remain lower than that of adiabatic expansion. The average output power of isothermal expansion decreased by 1.29 % to 5.24 %. Nevertheless, if the spray timing is set between 0°-120°, the average output power of the isothermal expansion surpasses the adiabatic expansion with an improvement of 1.84 %.
Elucidating the Significance of Zonulin in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Inflammatory Disorders: Emphasis on Intestinal Barrier Function and Tight Junction Regulation
Authors: Mohammadi-kordkhayli Marziyeh , Javad Mousavi Mohammad , R Camara-Lemarroy Carlos , Noorbakhsh Farshid , Saboor-Yaraghi Ali Akbar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
The intestinal barrier, a critical component of the body's defense system,
plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis by preventing the translocation of harmful
substances from the gut lumen into the bloodstream. Disruptions in this barrier, often
characterized by increased intestinal permeability, are increasingly recognized as contributors
to the development and progression of various Chronic Inflammatory Disorders
(CIDs). Zonulin, a key regulator of intestinal Tight Junctions (TJs), has emerged as a pivotal
player in this process. Dysregulation of zonulin, leading to increased intestinal
permeability, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide range of CIDs, including
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), celiac disease, and Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
This review examines the intricate relationship between zonulin and intestinal permeability,
emphasizing its role in regulating TJ integrity and its association with various CIDs.
Recent research has demonstrated the therapeutic potential of targeting zonulin, specifically
through the use of larazotide acetate, a zonulin antagonist. Preclinical and clinical
studies have shown promising results in improving gut barrier integrity and reducing inflammation
in patients with CIDs. These findings underscore the significance of zonulin
as a potential biomarker for intestinal barrier function and a promising therapeutic target
for managing CIDs. Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of
action of zonulin antagonists and evaluate their efficacy and safety in clinical trials. A
deeper understanding of the complex interplay among zonulin, intestinal permeability,
and CIDs is crucial, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies and personalized approaches
to patient care.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Traditional Medicinal Foods in Cancer Treatment: Molecular Evidence and Bioactivities
Authors: Thakur Kulbhushan , Singh Tejveer , Sharma Deepika , Padha Nipun , Mir Bilal Ahmad , Chandra Atika , Rajpal Vijay Rani 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Traditional medicinal foods derived from natural sources have gained increasing attention
in recent years due to their perceived health benefits and potential therapeutic properties
and are deeply rooted in cultural practices. This review aimed at understanding their potential
health benefits, emphasizes the need to identify the key bioactive substances in traditional home
medicine. We have discussed the bioactive properties, molecular targets, and anti-cancer effects
of various compounds such as curcumin, genistein, berberine, resveratrol, and, quercetin present
in traditional medicinal foods. Our study highlights the potential of traditional medicinal food in
the prevention and management of various health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases,
cancer and neurodegenerative disorders as evident from in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials. Additionally,
our study explores the mechanistic action of various bioactive constituents of grapes,
rosemary, barberry, turmeric and garlic that have been shown to interfere with cancer growth,
proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and induce apoptosis by targeting various pathways and
the cell cycle. Additionally, a wide range of healing abilities of medicinal foods including their
impact on cancer cells demonstrate their direct anti-tumor potential along with antioxidant and
antiinflammatory properties. To summarize, the present review highlights that integrating the
insights of contemporary science with the age-old wisdom of traditional medicine in a systematic
way holds immense potential for developing alternate and effective approaches to cancer therapeutics
and offering evidence-based dietary recommendations.
Nadolol Attenuates Brain Cell Ferroptosis in Ischemic Stroke Rats by Targeting the HOIL-1/IRP2 Pathway
Authors: Yang Xiao-Yan , Zhu Wen-Jun , Di-Chen  , Peng Dan , Peng Jun , Zhou Zhi-Jun , Luo Xiu-Ju 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Heme-oxidized iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) ubiquitin ligase-1
(HOIL-1) is believed to contribute to the ubiquitination of IRP2, which facilitates the transcription
of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) while preventing the transcription of ferroportin-1 (FPN-1). Bioinformatics
analysis predicts that nadolol (a β-blocker) interacts with the HOIL-1.

Method:
The present study is intended to explore whether nadolol suppresses ferroptosis in the
brains of rats suffering from ischemic stroke via targeting the HOIL-1/IRP2 pathway. A rat model
of ischemic stroke was established by blocking the middle cerebral artery for 2 h plus 24 h reperfusion,
and nadolol (2.5 or 5 mg/kg) was given at 1h after reperfusion. HT22 cells were subjected to
12 h of hypoxia, followed by 24 h of reoxygenation for simulating ischemic stroke, and nadolol
(0.1 or 0.25 μM) was administered to the culture medium before reoxygenation.

Results:
The stroke rats showed evident brain injury (increases in neurological deficit score and
infarct volume) and ferroptosis, along with up-regulation of IRP2 and TfR1 while downregulation
of HOIL-1 and FPN-1; these phenomena were reversed in the presence of nadolol. In the cultured
HT22 cells, hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced LDH release, ferroptosis, and changes in the levels of
relevant proteins (IRP2, TfR1, HOIL-1, and FPN-1) were also reversed by nadolol.

Conclusion:
In terms of these findings, it is concluded that nadolol can protect the ischemic rats’
brains against ferroptosis by targeting the HOIL-1/IRP2 pathway, thereby preventing intracellular
iron overload. Thus, nadolol may be a novel indication for treating patients with ischemic stroke.
Understanding the Bidirectional Relationship between Alzheimer's and Depression
Authors: Pannu Arzoo , Goyal Ramesh K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
With an ageing global population, understanding the potential links between
mental health and neurodegenerative disorders has become increasingly crucial for comprehensive
patient care. A comprehensive search of electronic databases yielded a selection
of studies encompassing clinical trials, longitudinal cohorts, and cross-sectional analyses,
published between 2000 and 2023. Key inclusion criteria focused on investigations
involving both Alzheimer's disease and depression, encompassing a range of methodologies,
including neuroimaging, epidemiological surveys, and clinical assessments. The
analysis reveals compelling evidence of a bidirectional relationship, where depression
serves as a potential precursor to Alzheimer's disease, and vice versa. Neurobiological
mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter imbalances, and genetic predispositions,
emerge as significant contributors to this complex association. Furthermore,
psychosocial factors, such as chronic stress and social isolation, are identified as potential
accelerators of cognitive decline in individuals with co-occurring depression and Alzheimer's.
Additionally, therapeutic interventions targeting both conditions concurrently exhibit
promising outcomes in mitigating cognitive decline and ameliorating depressive symptoms.
Approaches encompassing cognitive behavioural therapy, pharmacological interventions,
and lifestyle modifications demonstrate potential avenues for integrated treatment
strategies. This review underscores the imperative for a multidisciplinary approach to patient
care, emphasizing the importance of early detection and intervention for individuals
presenting with symptoms of depression and cognitive impairment. Future research avenues
should prioritize longitudinal studies with larger cohorts to delineate the causal pathways
and further elucidate effective treatment modalities for this intricate comorbidity. By
unravelling the complexities of the Alzheimer's-depression nexus, we pave the way for
more targeted and comprehensive interventions to improve the lives of those affected by
these debilitating conditions.