bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breastfeeding in Obese versus Normal-Weight German Mothers of Various Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Grube Matthias , Keitel-Korndörfer Anja , Bergmann Sarah , Wendt Verena , von Klitzing Kai , Petroff David 
Published: June 2016

Background: To a large extent, breastfeeding practices depend on cultural norms. It is thus of particular importance to examine these practices in various settings, especially when considering the effect of complex factors, such as body mass index (BMI) or socioeconomic status. Objective: This study aimed to compare the breastfeeding practices of obese mothers with those of normal weight, taking into account social and economic status. Methods: Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and normal-weight (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2) mothers with children between the ages of 6 months and 3 years were recruited for this study in Leipzig, Germany, via newspaper ads and other means. Kaplan-Meier curves for portraying breastfeeding over time were analyzed using Cox regression after checking the proportional hazards model. Results: Eighty obese and 70 normal-weight mothers were recruited. Significantly fewer obese mothers breastfed (84%) than normal-weight mothers (96%) (95% confidence interval [CI] for the difference is 3 to 22 percentage points, P = .02). Even after adjusting for the level of education and family income, breastfeeding duration was significantly shorter (2.7 months; 95% CI, 0.8-4.6 months; P = .005) in the obese group than in the normal-weight group. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that even at the earliest stages, breastfeeding behavior of obese mothers differs from that of normal-weight mothers.
Dietary micronutrient intake and atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lourdudoss C , Elkan A-C , Hafström I , Jogestrand T , Gustafsson T , van Vollenhoven R , Frostegård J 
Published: June 2016

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the role of dietary micronutrient intake in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods This study included 111 SLE patients and 118 age and gender-matched controls. Data on diet (food frequency questionnaires) were linked with data on Systemic Lupus Activity Measure, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and carotid atherosclerotic/echolucent plaque (B-mode ultrasound). Dietary micronutrient intake were compared between SLE patients and controls and in relation to lupus activity and atherosclerosis in SLE. Associations between micronutrient intake and plaque were analyzed through logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounders. Results Micronutrient intake did not differ between patients and controls, and between lower and higher lupus activity, apart from the fact that phosphorus was associated with SLEDAI > 6. In SLE patients, some micronutrients were associated with atherosclerotic plaque, left side. Lower intake of riboflavin and phosphorus was associated with atherosclerotic plaque, left side (odds ratio (OR) 3.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12–8.40 and OR 4.36, 95% CI 1.53–12.39, respectively). Higher intake of selenium and thiamin was inversely associated with atherosclerotic plaque, left side (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.09–0.89 and OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.08–0.80, respectively). In addition, higher intake of thiamin was inversely associated with echolucent plaque, left side (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.06–0.84). Lower intake of folate was inversely associated with bilateral echolucent plaque (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.13–0.99). Conclusions SLE patients did not have different dietary micronutrient intake compared to controls. Phosphorus was associated with lupus activity. Riboflavin, phosphorus, selenium and thiamin were inversely associated with atherosclerotic plaque, left side in SLE patients, but not in controls. Dietary micronutrients may play a role in atherosclerosis in SLE.
Cultural competence and cultural humility: A critical reflection on key cultural diversity concepts
Authors: Danso Ransford 
Published: June 2016

Summary Cultural competence has commanded respectable attention since its introduction in cross-cultural discourse. Cultural competence has been presented as a framework capable of promoting culturally sensitive practice and for training cross-cultural workers. However, a smorgasbord of definitions and conceptualizations has generated intense controversy around the construct, with many questioning its relevance or ability to address structural problems. Disenchantment has led to calls to jettison and replace cultural competence with cultural humility. This paper presents a critical reflection on cultural competence and cultural humility, including critiquing the critiques of cultural competence. Findings A critically reflective analysis suggests that semantic appeal does not necessarily give cultural humility a utilitarian edge over the construct it seeks to supplant. Cultural humility appears not to add more value to social work practice than cultural competence. From a social work perspective, cultural humility is essentially a repackaging of anti-oppressive practice; the fundamental ideas underpinning cultural humility have previously been developed and are foundational principles of anti-oppressive social work practice and education. Critical analysis also reveals that many of the critiques of cultural competence lack analytical rigour. Applications Deep-level theoretical analyses can lead to innovative perspectives that allow for critical re-examination of extant methodological approaches and promote culturally empowering social work practices in our super-diverse, postmodern world. Rather than dismissing long-standing, potentially effective theoretical and practice tools with happy abandon, adapting them in light of current developments would help move social work to a new, enlightened level of relevance in working with diversity and difference.
Hidden challenges: Sex offenders legislated into homelessness
Authors: Levenson Jill S 
Published: June 2016

Summary Zoning laws that prevent sex offenders from living within close proximity to schools and other places where children congregate have proliferated over the past 10 years. In many communities, few dwellings are compliant with these laws, causing sex offenders to become homeless. First, a brief history of residence restriction laws will be provided and then the research around their impact and effectiveness will be summarized, followed by empirically supported recommendations for reform. Findings Legislating individuals into homelessness is not sound social policy, nor is it humane. These laws do not conform to what is known about patterns of sexual perpetration and victimization, and thus do little to prevent recidivistic sexual violence. In fact, these policies may undermine the very factors shown by research to be associated with positive reentry and reduced recidivism. Applications The grand challenge of social justice requires social workers to advocate on behalf of those who are marginalized in our communities including criminal offenders. Research-based policy reform can result in improved public safety outcomes and social justice in our communities.
The Role of the Model of End-Stage Liver Disease Score in Predicting Outcomes of Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Krafcik Brianna M. , Farber Alik , Eslami Mohammad H. , Kalish Jeffrey A. , Rybin Denis , Doros Gheorghe , King Elizabeth G. , Siracuse Jeffrey J. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives: The Model of End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score has been traditionally utilized to prioritize for liver transplantation; however, recent literature has shown its value in predicting surgical outcomes for patients with hepatic dysfunction. The benefit of carotid endarterectomy in asymptomatic patients is dependent on low perioperative morbidity. Our objective was to use MELD score to predict outcomes in asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Methods: Patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were identified in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data sets from 2005 to 2012. The Model of End-Stage Liver Disease score was calculated using serum bilirubin, creatinine, and the international normalized ratio (INR). Patients were grouped into low (<9), moderate (9-14), and high (15+) MELD classifications. The effect of the MELD score on postoperative morbidity and mortality was assessed by multivariable logistic and gamma regressions and propensity matching. Results: There were 7966 patients with asymptomatic carotid endarterectomy identified. The majority 5556 (70%) had a low MELD score, 1952 (25%) had a moderate MELD score, and 458 (5%) had a high MELD score. High MELD score was independently predictive of postoperative death, increased length of stay, need for transfusion, pulmonary complications, and a statistical trend toward increased cardiac arrest/myocardial infarction. The Model of End-Stage Liver Disease score did not affect postoperative stroke, wound complications, or operative time. Conclusion: High MELD score places asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy at a higher risk of adverse outcomes in the 30 days following surgery. This provides further empirical evidence for risk stratification when considering treatment for these patients. Outcomes of medical management or carotid stenting should be investigated in high-risk patients.
Early neurological stability predicts adverse outcome after acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Irvine Hannah J , Battey Thomas WK , Ostwaldt Ann-Christin , Campbell Bruce CV , Davis Stephen M , Donnan Geoffrey A , Sheth Kevin N , Kimberly W Taylor 
Published: June 2016

Background Deterioration in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) in the early days after stroke is associated with progressive infarction, brain edema, and/or hemorrhage, leading to worse outcome. Aims We sought to determine whether a stable NIHSS score represents an adverse or favorable course. Methods Brain magnetic resonance images from a research cohort of acute ischemic stroke patients were analyzed. Using NIHSS scores at baseline and follow-up (day 3–5), patients were categorized into early neurological deterioration (ΔNIHSS ≥ 4), early neurological recovery (ΔNIHSS ≤ −4) or early neurological stability (ΔNIHSS between −3 and 3). The association between these categories and volume of infarct growth, volume of swelling, parenchymal hemorrhage, and 3-month modified Rankin Scale score were evaluated. Results Patients with early neurological deterioration or early neurological stability were less likely to be independent (modified Rankin Scale = 0–2) at 3 months compared to those with early neurological recovery ( P < 0.001). Patients with early neurological deterioration or early neurological stability were observed to have significantly greater infarct growth and swelling volumes than those with early neurological recovery ( P = 0.03; P < 0.001, respectively). Brain edema was more common than the other imaging markers investigated and was independently associated with a stable or worsening NIHSS score after adjustment for age, baseline stroke volume, infarct growth volume, presence of parenchymal hemorrhage, and reperfusion ( P < 0.0001). Conclusions Stable NIHSS score in the subacute period after ischemic stroke may not be benign and is associated with tissue injury, including infarct growth and brain edema. Early improvement is considerably more likely to occur in the absence of these factors.
An effective and robust method for tracking multiple fish in video image based on fish head detection
Authors: Qian Zhi-Ming , Wang Shuo Hong , Cheng Xi En , Chen Yan Qiu 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background
Fish tracking is an important step for video based analysis of fish behavior. Due to severe body deformation and mutual occlusion of multiple swimming fish, accurate and robust fish tracking from video image sequence is a highly challenging problem. The current tracking methods based on motion information are not accurate and robust enough to track the waving body and handle occlusion. In order to better overcome these problems, we propose a multiple fish tracking method based on fish head detection.

Results
The shape and gray scale characteristics of the fish image are employed to locate the fish head position. For each detected fish head, we utilize the gray distribution of the head region to estimate the fish head direction. Both the position and direction information from fish detection are then combined to build a cost function of fish swimming. Based on the cost function, global optimization method can be applied to associate the target between consecutive frames. Results show that our method can accurately detect the position and direction information of fish head, and has a good tracking performance for dozens of fish.

Conclusion
The proposed method can successfully obtain the motion trajectories for dozens of fish so as to provide more precise data to accommodate systematic analysis of fish behavior.
Electron beam induced dehydrogenation of MgH2 studied by VEELS
Authors: Surrey Alexander , Schultz Ludwig , Rellinghaus Bernd 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNanosized or nanoconfined hydrides are promising materials for solid-state hydrogen storage. Most of these hydrides, however, degrade fast during the structural characterization utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) upon the irradiation with the imaging electron beam due to radiolysis. We use ball-milled MgH2 as a reference material for in-situ TEM experiments under low-dose conditions to study and quantitatively understand the electron beam-induced dehydrogenation. For this, valence electron energy loss spectroscopy (VEELS) measurements are conducted in a monochromated FEI Titan3 80–300 microscope. From observing the plasmonic absorptions it is found that MgH2 successively converts into Mg upon electron irradiation. The temporal evolution of the spectra is analyzed quantitatively to determine the thickness-dependent, characteristic electron doses for electron energies of both 80 and 300 keV. The measured electron doses can be quantitatively explained by the inelastic scattering of the incident high-energy electrons by the MgH2 plasmon. The obtained insights are also relevant for the TEM characterization of other hydrides.
The Provocations of Kamel Daoud
Authors: Zerofsky Elisabeth 
Published: June 2016

Journalist and translator Elisabeth Zerofsky introduces her deft translation of author Kamel Daoud’s essay on sex in the Muslim world. Daoud’s piece provoked a media frenzy when it was published in France earlier this year. Everyone, including the French prime minister, seemed compelled to weigh in. Zerofsky also translated the correspondence, initially private but later published in Le Monde, between writer Adam Shatz and Daoud in which Shatz calmly confronts his friend over his contentious column. According to Zerofsky, the exchange circles around key questions: “Who has the right to speak on behalf of whom? . . . And, as thousands of refugees from the Middle East arrive in Europe, what discussions are necessary and which, if any, are off limits?”
A genetic link between epigenetic repressor AS1-AS2 and a putative small subunit processome in leaf polarity establishment ofArabidopsis
Authors: Matsumura Yoko , Ohbayashi Iwai , Takahashi Hiro , Kojima Shoko , Ishibashi Nanako , Keta Sumie , Nakagawa Ayami , Hayashi Rika , Saéz-Vásquez Julio , Echeverria Manuel , Sugiyama Munetaka , Nakamura Kenzo , Machida Chiyoko , Machida Yasunori 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTAlthough the DEAD-box RNA helicase family is ubiquitous in eukaryotes, its developmental role remains unelucidated. Here, we report that cooperative action between the Arabidopsis nucleolar protein RH10, an ortholog of human DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX47, and the epigenetic repressor complex of ASYMMETRIC-LEAVES1 (AS1) and AS2 (AS1-AS2) is critical to repress abaxial (ventral) genes ETT/ARF3 and ARF4, which leads to adaxial (dorsal) development in leaf primordia at shoot apices. Double mutations of rh10-1 and as2 (or as1) synergistically up-regulated the abaxial genes, which generated abaxialized filamentous leaves with loss of the adaxial domain. DDX47 is part of the small subunit processome (SSUP) that mediates rRNA biogenesis. In rh10-1 we found various defects in SSUP-related events, such as: accumulation of 35S/33S rRNA precursors; reduction in the 18S/25S ratio; and nucleolar hypertrophy. Double mutants of as2 with mutations of genes that encode other candidate SSUP-related components such as nucleolin and putative rRNA methyltransferase exhibited similar synergistic defects caused by up-regulation of ETT/ARF3 and ARF4. These results suggest a tight link between putative SSUP and AS1-AS2 in repression of the abaxial-determining genes for cell fate decisions for adaxial development.
K. Kasimati and L. Mousourou (editors), Gender and Immigration, Theoretical references and empirical research, (vol. I), Athens: Gutenberg Publishers, p.p. 299, 2007 (in Greek) E. Kambouri, Gender and Immigration. The everyday life of immigrants from Alba
Authors: Halkias Alexandra 
Published: June 2016

<p>No abstract (available). </p><p>K. Kasimati and L. Mousourou (editors), Gender and Immigration, Theoretical references and empirical research, (vol. I), Athens: Gutenberg Publishers, p.p. 299, 2007 (in Greek)</p><p>E. Kambouri, Gender and Immigration. The everyday life of immigrants from Albania and Ukrania (vol. II), Athens: Gutenberg Publishers, p.p. 261, 2007 (in Greek)</p><p>M. Thanopoulou, Gender and Immigration. Intergenerational relationships and gender relations in families of Albanian immigrants (vol. III), Athens: Gutenberg Publishers, p.p. 268, 2007 (in Greek)</p><p> </p>
Nondestructive Classification Analysis of Wood Soaked in Seawater by Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Kurata Yohei 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Large amounts of construction wood were generated as disaster waste during the 2011 Tōhoku, Japan, earthquake and tsunami. The construction wood waste had been immersed in seawater and thus contained salts. When the saltwater-immersed wood was incinerated during restoration efforts, dioxins harmful to human health were likely produced. Thus, it is necessary to determine if wood waste had been exposed to saltwater before combustion. Furthermore, online recycling of coastal wood debris containing saltwater could be applied to the disposal of industrial wastes. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to distinguish saltwater-immersed wood. Three wood species, Cryptomeria japonica, Chamaecyparis obtuse, and Larix kaempferi, which are commonly used in the construction of Japanese houses, were prepared. Immersion time was changed from 24 to 72 hours to investigate the time-dependent change. NIR spectra were obtained from wood samples before and after immersion in seawater and were used in classification analysis by soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA). For SIMCA at immersion time of 24 hours, the percentage of correct classification was for 94 percent for Cryptomeria japonica, 96 percent for Chamaecyparis obtuse, and 92 percent for Larix kaempferi. There is no difference in the classification accuracy by the wood species and immersion time. Moreover, another classification analysis (partial least-squares discriminant analysis [PLS-DA]) was performed to raise the classification precision. The result of PLS-DA was superior to SIMCA. NIR was a powerful tool in identifying saltwater-immersed wood samples and indicated the possibility of using it at the wood-recycling factory.
Ambiguities in input-output behavior of driven nonlinear systems close to bifurcation
Authors: Reit Marco , Berens Michael , Mathis Wolfgang 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Since the so-called Hopf-type amplifier has become an established element in the modeling of the mammalian hearing organ, it also gets attention in the design of nonlinear amplifiers for technical applications. Due to its pure sinusoidal response to a sinusoidal input signal, the amplifier based on the normal form of the Andronov-Hopf bifurcation is a peculiar exception of nonlinear amplifiers. This feature allows an exact mathematical formulation of the input-output characteristic and thus deeper insights of the nonlinear behavior. Aside from the Hopf-type amplifier we investigate an extension of the Hopf system with focus on ambiguities, especially the separation of solution sets, and double hysteresis behavior in the input-output characteristic. Our results are validated by a DSP implementation.
Salience and conflict of work and family roles among employed men and women
Authors: Knežević Irena , Gregov Ljiljana , Šimunić Ana 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe aim of this research was to determine the salience of work and family roles and to study the connection between role salience and the interference of different types of roles among working men and women. Self-assessment measurement scales were applied. The research involved 206 participants; 103 employed married couples from different regions of Croatia. The results show that roles closely connected to family are considered the most salient. However, men are mostly dedicated behaviourally to the role of a worker. Women dedicate more time and energy to the roles of a spouse, a parent, and a family member whereas men are more oriented towards the leisurite role. The highest level of conflict was perceived when it comes to work disturbing leisure. Gender differences appeared only for work-to-marriage conflict, with men reporting higher conflict than women. The research found proof of only some low correlations between the salience of different types of roles and work-family conflict.
Considerations over the floating speed of a particle in vacuum pneumatic conveying sytems in flour milling
Authors: Tanase Tanase 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The present paper is a theoretical study aiming for to assess the influence of the different factors such as deviation from the spherical form of a particle, specific mass load of the pneumatic conveying pipe and the report between the particle diameter and the pipe diameter, over the floating speed of a particle. For a non-spherical particle, the Magnus force is affecting the floating speed of the given particle by increasing or decreasing it. The equation deducted within the present study, describes the movement of a particle or a fluid swirl under the resultant force with emphasis on the evaluation of the nature and magnitude of the Magnus force. The same Magnus Force explains the movement of the swirls in fluids, as for the wind swirls (hurricane) or water swirls. The next part of the study relate the report between the particle diameter and the pipe diameter as well as the specific loads of the pipe, to the same floating speed. A differentiation in denominating the floating speed is proposed as well as that for the non-spherical particle the floating speed should be a domain, rather than a single value.