bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience dimensions and mental health outcomes in bipolar disorder in a follow‐up study
Authors: Echezarraga A. , Calvete E. , González‐Pinto A.M. , Las Hayas C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe individual process of resilience has been related to positive outcomes in mental disorders. We aimed (a) to identify the resilience domains from the Resilience Questionnaire for Bipolar Disorder that are associated cross sectionally and longitudinally with mental health outcomes in bipolar disorder (BD) and (b) to explore cross‐lagged associations among resilience factors. A clinical adult sample of 125 patients diagnosed with BD (62.10% female, mean age = 46.13, SD = 10.89) gave their informed consent and completed a battery of disease‐specific tools on resilience, personal recovery, symptomatology, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life, at baseline and at follow‐up (n = 63, 58.10% female, mean age = 45.13, SD = 11.06, participation rate = 50.40%). Resilience domains of self‐management of BD, turning point, self‐care, and self‐confidence were significantly associated with mental health indicators at baseline. In addition, self‐confidence at baseline directly predicted an increase in personal recovery at follow‐up, and self‐confidence improvement mediated the relationship between interpersonal support and self‐care at baseline and personal recovery at follow‐up. These findings highlight that resilience domains are significantly associated with positive mental health outcomes in BD and that some predict personal recovery at follow‐up. Moreover, some resilience factors improve other resilience factors over time.
Transvaginal sonographic cervical length in first and second trimesters in a low‐risk population: a prospective study
Authors: Wulff C. B. , Rode L. , Rosthøj S. , Hoseth E. , Petersen O. B. , Tabor A. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo assess cervical length (CL) longitudinally between the first and second trimesters and to determine the proportion of women with short CL. The study also aimed to assess if women with short CL at 19–24 weeks' gestation could be identified at the time of combined first‐trimester screening (cFTS) at 11–14 weeks' gestation, in order to determine the potential value of implementation of CL screening for prediction of preterm delivery in a Danish population.MethodsThis was a prospective longitudinal study of women with singleton pregnancy attending three University Hospitals in Denmark for combined first‐trimester screening from 1 November 2013 to 1 December 2014. Exclusion criteria were multiple pregnancy, uterine anomaly, cerclage or progesterone treatment at inclusion. CL was measured on transvaginal sonography at 11–14 weeks (Cx1), 19–21 weeks (Cx2) and 23–24 weeks (Cx3), by trained operators as a straight line from external to internal os. Women with CL ≤ 25 mm were referred to a maternal–fetal medicine specialist for treatment according to a standardized management protocol.ResultsOf the 4904 eligible women, 3477 (71%) participated and had Cx1 recorded. Of those, 3232 (93.0%) had CL measured on all three scans. Median Cx1 was 37 mm, and median Cx2 and Cx3 were 40 mm. The proportion of women with CL ≤ 25 mm increased with gestational age, from 0.41% (95% CI, 0.19–0.62%) at Cx1 to 1.79% (95% CI, 1.34–2.24%) at Cx3. In total, the proportion of women with second‐trimester CL (Cx2 or Cx3) ≤ 25 mm was 2.0% (n = 67), of which 38.8% (n = 26) were detected at 19–21 weeks. The probability of short CL between 19 and 24 weeks was greater for those with shorter first‐trimester CL. It was nearly nine‐fold higher for women with Cx1 ≤ 25 mm compared with Cx1 ≥ 35 mm (17% vs 2%). The performance of Cx1 for prediction of short second‐trimester CL was 50% at a 10% false‐positive rate. It was found that more than 1500 women would need to be screened for short CL at 19–21 weeks to prevent one case of spontaneous preterm delivery before 34 weeks in a population such as the one in this study.ConclusionsThere is an association between first‐trimester CL and risk of short cervix in the second trimester. Once short CL was observed, risk of preterm delivery was greatly increased. However, whether universal CL screening should be implemented in this low‐risk population depends on cost–benefit analysis taking into account the low proportions of women with short CL and at risk for preterm delivery. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Deep neuromuscular blockade improves surgical conditions during low-pressure pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic donor nephrectomy
Authors: Özdemir-van Brunschot D. M. D. , Braat A. E. , van der Jagt M. F. P. , Scheffer G. J. , Martini C. H. , Langenhuijsen J. F. , Dam R. E. , Huurman V. A. , Lam D. , d’Ancona F. C. , Dahan A. , Warlé M. C. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background
Evidence indicates that low-pressure pneumoperitoneum (PNP) reduces postoperative pain and analgesic consumption. A lower insufflation pressure may hamper visibility and working space. The aim of the study is to investigate whether deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) improves surgical conditions during low-pressure PNP.

Methods
This study was a blinded randomized controlled multicenter trial. 34 kidney donors scheduled for laparoscopic donor nephrectomy randomly received low-pressure PNP (6 mmHg) with either deep (PTC 1–5) or moderate NMB (TOF 0–1). In case of insufficient surgical conditions, the insufflation pressure was increased stepwise. Surgical conditions were rated by the Leiden-Surgical Rating Scale (L-SRS) ranging from 1 (extremely poor) to 5 (optimal).

Results
Mean surgical conditions were significantly better for patients allocated to a deep NMB (SRS 4.5 versus 4.0; p < 0.01). The final insufflation pressure was 7.7 mmHg in patients with deep NMB as compared to 9.1 mmHg with moderate NMB (p = 0.19). The cumulative opiate consumption during the first 48 h was significantly lower in patients receiving deep NMB, while postoperative pain scores were similar. In four patients allocated to a moderate NMB, a significant intraoperative complication occurred, and in two of these patients a conversion to an open procedure was required.

Conclusions
Our data show that deep NMB facilitates the use of low-pressure PNP during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy by improving the quality of the surgical field. The relatively high incidence of intraoperative complications indicates that the use of low pressure with moderate NMB may compromise safety during LDN. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT 02602964.
Cysteamine revisited: repair of arginine to cysteine mutations
Authors: Gallego‐Villar L. , Hannibal Luciana , Häberle J. , Thöny B. , Ben‐Omran T. , Nasrallah G. K. , Dewik Al‐N. , Kruger W. D. , Blom H. J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCysteamine is a small aminothiol endogenously derived from coenzyme A degradation. For some decades, synthetic cysteamine has been employed for the treatment of cystinosis, and new uses of the drug continue to emerge. In this review, we discuss the role of cysteamine in cellular and extracellular homeostasis and focus on the potential use of aminothiols to reconstitute the function of proteins harboring arginine (Arg) to cysteine (Cys) mutations, via repair of the Cys residue into a moiety that introduces an amino group, as seen in basic amino acid residues Lys and Arg. Cysteamine has been utilized in vitro and ex vivo in four different genetic disorders, and thus provides “proof of principle” that aminothiols can modify Cys residues. Other aminothiols such as mercaptoethylguanidine (MEG) with closer structural resemblance to the guanidinium moiety of Arg are under examination for their predicted enhanced capacity to reconstitute loss of function. Although the use of aminothiols holds clinical potential, more studies are required to refine specificity and treatment design. The efficacy of aminothiols to target proteins may vary substantially depending on their specific extracellular and intracellular locations. Redox potential, pH, and specific aminothiol abundance in each physiological compartment are expected to influence the reactivity and turnover of cysteamine and analogous drugs. Upcoming research will require the use of suitable cell and animal models featuring Arg to Cys mutations. Since, in general, Arg to Cys changes comprise about 8% of missense mutations, repair of this specific mutation may provide promising avenues for many genetic diseases.
Elaboration of the Reciprocal‐Engagement Model of Genetic Counseling Practice: a Qualitative Investigation of Goals and Strategies
Authors: Redlinger‐Grosse Krista , Veach Patricia McCarthy , LeRoy Bonnie S. , Zierhut Heather 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAs the genetic counseling field evolves, a comprehensive model of practice is critical. The Reciprocal‐Engagement Model (REM) consists of 5 tenets and 17 goals. Lacking in the REM, however, are well‐articulated counselor strategies and behaviors. The purpose of the present study was to further elaborate and provide supporting evidence for the REM by identifying and mapping genetic counseling strategies to the REM goals. A secondary, qualitative analysis was conducted on data from two prior studies: 1) focus group results of genetic counseling outcomes (Redlinger‐Grosse et al., Journal of Genetic Counseling, 2015); and 2) genetic counselors’ examples of successful and unsuccessful genetic counseling sessions (Geiser et al. 2009). Using directed content analysis, 337 unique strategies were extracted from focus group data. A Q‐sort of the 337 strategies yielded 15 broader strategy domains that were then mapped to the successful and unsuccessful session examples. Differing prevalence of strategy domains identified in successful sessions versus the prevalence of domains identified as lacking in unsuccessful sessions provide further support for the REM goals. The most prevalent domains for successful sessions were Information Giving and Use Psychosocial Skills and Strategies; and for unsuccessful sessions, Information Giving and Establish Working Alliance. Identified strategies support the REM's reciprocal nature, especially with regard to addressing patients’ informational and psychosocial needs. Patients’ contributions to success (or lack thereof) of sessions was also noted, supporting a REM tenet that individual characteristics and the counselor‐patient relationship are central to processes and outcomes. The elaborated REM could be used as a framework for certain graduate curricular objectives, and REM components could also inform process and outcomes research studies to document and further characterize genetic counselor strategies.
Feedback loop and upwind-propagating waves in ideally expanded supersonic impinging round jets
Authors: Bogey Christophe , Gojon Romain 
Published: June 2017

The aeroacoustic feedback loop establishing in a supersonic round jet impinging on a flat plate normally has been investigated by combining compressible large-eddy simulations and modelling of that loop. At the exit of a straight pipe nozzle of radius $r_{0}$, the jet is ideally expanded, and has a Mach number of 1.5 and a Reynolds number of$6\times 10^{4}$. Four distances between the nozzle exit and the flat plate, equal to$6r_{0}$,$8r_{0}$,$10r_{0}$and$12r_{0}$, have been considered. In this way, the variations of the convection velocity of the shear-layer turbulent structures according to the nozzle-to-plate distance are shown. In the spectra obtained inside and outside of the flow near the nozzle, several tones emerge at Strouhal numbers in agreement with measurements in the literature. At these frequencies, by applying Fourier decomposition to the pressure fields, hydrodynamic-acoustic standing waves containing a whole number of cells between the nozzle and the plate and axisymmetric or helical jet oscillations are found. The tone frequencies and the mode numbers inferred from the standing-wave patterns are in line with the classical feedback-loop model, in which the loop is closed by acoustic waves outside the jet. The axisymmetric or helical nature of the jet oscillations at the tone frequencies is also consistent with a wave analysis using a jet vortex-sheet model, providing the allowable frequency ranges for the upstream-propagating acoustic wave modes of the jet. In particular, the tones are located on the part of the dispersion relations of the modes where these waves have phase and group velocities close to the ambient speed of sound. Based on the observation of the pressure fields and on frequency–wavenumber spectra on the jet axis and in the shear layers, such waves are identified inside the present jets, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, for a supersonic jet flow. This study thus suggests that the feedback loop in ideally expanded impinging jets is completed by these waves.
Velocity fluctuations generated by the flow through a random array of spheres: a model of bubble-induced agitation
Authors: Amoura Zouhir , Besnaci Cédric , Risso Frédéric , Roig Véronique 
Published: June 2017

This work reports an experimental investigation of the flow through a random array of fixed solid spheres. The volume fraction of the spheres is 2 %, and the Reynolds number $Re$ based on the sphere diameter and the average flow velocity is varied from 120 to 1040. Using time and spatial averaging, the fluctuations have been decomposed into two contributions of different natures: a spatial fluctuation that accounts for the strong inhomogeneity of the flow around each sphere, and a time fluctuation that comes from the instability of the flow at large enough Reynolds numbers. The evolutions of these two contributions with the Reynolds number are different, so that their relative importance varies. However, when each is normalized by using its own variance and the integral length scales of the fluctuations, their spectra and probability density functions (PDFs) are almost independent of $Re$. The spatial fluctuation mostly comes from the velocity deficit in the wakes of the spheres, and is thus dominated by scales larger than one or two sphere diameters. It is found to be responsible for the asymmetry of the PDFs of the vertical fluctuations and of the major part of the anisotropy level between the vertical and the horizontal components of the fluctuations. The time fluctuation dominates at scales smaller than the integral length scale. It is isotropic and its PDFs, well described by an exponential distribution, are non-Gaussian. The spectra of the spatial and the time fluctuations both show an evolution as the power $-3$ of the wavenumber, but not exactly in the same subrange. All these properties are found in remarkable agreement with the results of both experimental investigations and large eddy simulations (LES) of a homogeneous bubble swarm. This confirms that the main mechanism responsible for the production of bubble-induced fluctuations is the interaction of the velocity disturbances caused by obstacles immersed in a flow and that the structure of this agitation is weakly dependent on the precise nature of the obstacles. The understanding and the modelling of the agitation generated by the motion of a dispersed phase, such as the bubble-induced agitation, therefore require one to distinguish between the roles of these two contributions.
Subcritical Sevastyanov branching processes with nonhomogeneous Poisson immigration
Authors: Hyrien Ollivier , Mitov Kosto V. , Yanev Nikolay M. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We consider a class of Sevastyanov branching processes with nonhomogeneous Poisson immigration. These processes relax the assumption required by the Bellman–Harris process which imposes the lifespan and offspring of each individual to be independent. They find applications in studies of the dynamics of cell populations. In this paper we focus on the subcritical case and examine asymptotic properties of the process. We establish limit theorems, which generalize classical results due to Sevastyanov and others. Our key findings include a novel law of large numbers and a central limit theorem which emerge from the nonhomogeneity of the immigration process.
On the measure of Voronoi cells
Authors: Devroye Luc , Györfi László , Lugosi Gábor , Walk Harro 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We study the measure of a typical cell in a Voronoi tessellation defined by n independent random points X1, . . ., Xn drawn from an absolutely continuous probability measure μ with density f in ℝd. We prove that the asymptotic distribution of the measure – with respect to dμ = f(x)dx – of the cell containing X1 given X1 = x is independent of x and the density f. We determine all moments of the asymptotic distribution and show that the distribution becomes more concentrated as d becomes large. In particular, we show that the variance converges to 0 exponentially fast in d. We also obtain a bound independent of the density for the rate of convergence of the diameter of a typical Voronoi cell.
Temporal dynamics of encrusting communities during the Late Devonian: a case study from the Central Devonian Field, Russia
Authors: Zatoń Michał , Borszcz Tomasz , Rakociński Michał 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this study we focused on the dynamics of encrusting assemblages preserved on brachiopod hosts collected from upper Frasnian and lower Famennian deposits of the Central Devonian Field, Russia. Because the encrusted brachiopods come from deposits bracketing the Frasnian/Famennian (F/F) boundary, the results also shed some light on ecological differences in encrusting communities before and after the Frasnian–Famennian (F-F) event. To explore the diversity dynamics of encrusting assemblages, we analyzed more than 1300 brachiopod valves (substrates) from two localities. Taxon accumulation plots and shareholder quorum subsampling (SQS) routines indicated that a reasonably small sample of brachiopod host valves (n=50) is sufficient to capture the majority of the encrusting genera recorded at a given site. The richness of encrusters per substrate declined simultaneously with the number of encrusting taxa in the lower Famennian, accompanied by a decrease in epibiont abundance, with a comparable decrease in mean encrustation intensity (percentage of bioclasts encrusted by one or more epibionts). Epibiont abundance and occupancy roughly mirror each other. Strikingly, few ecological characteristics are correlated with substrate size, possibly reflecting random settlement of larvae. Evenness, which is negatively correlated with substrate size, shows greater within-stage variability among samples than between Frasnian and Famennian intervals and may indicate the instability of early Famennian biocenoses following the faunal turnover. The occurrence distribution of encrusters points to nonrandom associations and exclusions among several encrusting taxa. However, abundance and occupancy of microconchids remained relatively stable throughout the sampled time interval. The notable decline in abundance (~60%) and relatively minor decline in diversity (~30%) suggest jointly that encrusting communities experienced ecological collapse rather than a major mass extinction event. The differences between the upper Frasnian and lower Famennian encrusting assemblages may thus record a turnover associated with the F-F event.
Citrulline decreases hepatic endotoxin-induced injury in fructose-induced non-alcoholic liver disease: anex vivostudy in the isolated perfused rat liver
Authors: Ouelaa Wassila , Jegatheesan Prasanthi , M’bouyou-Boungou Japhète , Vicente Christelle , Nakib Samir , Nubret Esther , De Bandt Jean-Pascal 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSteatosis can sensitise the liver to various challenges and favour the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this context, fructose feeding promotes endotoxin translocation from the gut, contributing to disease progression via an inflammatory process. Citrulline is protective against fructose-induced NAFLD; we hypothesised that this property might be related to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative action against endotoxin-induced hepatic injuries. This hypothesis was evaluated in a model of perfused liver isolated from NAFLD rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (n30) were fed either a standard rodent chow or a 60 % fructose diet alone, or supplemented with citrulline (1 g/kg per d) for 4 weeks. After an evaluation of their metabolic status, fasted rats received an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (2·5 mg/kg). After 1 h, the livers were isolated and perfused for 1 h to study liver function and metabolism, inflammation and oxidative status.In vivo, citrulline significantly decreased dyslipidaemia induced by a high-fructose diet and insulin resistance. In the isolated perfused rat livers, endotoxaemia resulted in higher cytolysis (alanine aminotransferase release) and higher inflammation (Toll-like receptor 4) in livers of fructose-fed rats, and it was prevented by citrulline supplementation. Oxidative stress and antioxidative defences were similar in all three groups. Amino acid exchanges and metabolism (ammonia and urea release) were only slightly different between the three groups. In this context of mild steatosis, our results suggest that fructose-induced NAFLD leads to an increased hepatic sensitivity to LPS-induced inflammation. Citrulline-induced restriction of the inflammatory process may thus contribute to the prevention of NAFLD.
Evaluation of urinary resveratrol as a biomarker of dietary resveratrol intake in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study
Authors: Zamora-Ros Raul , Rothwell Joseph A. , Achaintre David , Ferrari Pietro , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine , Mancini Francesca R. , Affret Aurelie , Kühn Tilman , Katzke Verena , Boeing Heiner , Küppel Sven , Trichopoulou Antonia , Lagiou Pagona , La Vecchia Carlo , Palli Domenico , Contiero Paolo , Panico Salvatore , Tumino Rosario , Ricceri Fulvio , Noh Hwayoung , Freisling Heinz , Romieu Isabelle , Scalbert Augustin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn vitro studies have shown several beneficial properties of resveratrol. Epidemiological evidence is still scarce, probably because of the difficulty in estimating resveratrol exposure accurately. The current study aimed to assess the relationships between acute and habitual dietary resveratrol and wine intake and urinary resveratrol excretion in a European population. A stratified random subsample of 475 men and women from four countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cross-sectional study, who had provided 24-h urine samples and completed a 24-h dietary recall (24-HDR) on the same day, were included. Acute and habitual dietary data were collected using standardised 24-HDR software and a validated country-specific dietary questionnaire, respectively. Phenol-Explorer was used to estimate the intake of resveratrol and other stilbenes. Urinary resveratrol was analysed using tandem MS. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between estimated dietary intakes of resveratrol and other stilbenes and consumption of wine, their main food source, were very high (r>0·9) when measured using dietary questionnaires and were slightly lower with 24-HDR (r>0·8). Partial Spearman’s correlations between urinary resveratrol excretion and intake of resveratrol, total stilbenes or wine were found to be higher when using the 24-HDR (R2partial approximately 0·6) than when using the dietary questionnaires (R2partial approximately 0·5). Moderate to high correlations between dietary resveratrol, total stilbenes and wine, and urinary resveratrol concentrations were observed. These support the earlier findings that 24-h urinary resveratrol is an effective biomarker of both resveratrol and wine intakes. These correlations also support the validity of the estimation of resveratrol intake using the dietary questionnaire and Phenol-Explorer.