bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What makes activities strategic: Toward a new framework for strategy‐as‐practice research
Authors: Seidl David , Ma Shenghui , Splitter Violetta 
Published: September 2024

AbstractResearch AbstractStrategy as practice is one of the most vibrant approaches to strategy research. Yet, there is significant ambiguity around what characterizes an activity as strategic and thus as falling into the domain of strategy as practice. In this article, we address this fundamental concern by differentiating four distinctive views of what qualifies activities as strategic: (1) activities that have important consequences, (2) activities that are labeled strategic, (3) activities carried out by strategists, and (4) activities that perform an important recurrent pattern. Each of these views is associated with different research questions resulting in different research insights. We discuss how the four views together form a new research framework that expands the notion of strategy and thereby the research domain of strategic management.Managerial SummaryStrategy as practice is an important approach to studying strategic management that focuses on strategic activities. However, there is significant ambiguity around what characterizes activities as strategic. In this article, we identify four different views on this question: (1) activities that have important consequences, (2) activities that are labeled strategic, (3) activities carried out by strategists, and (4) activities that perform an important recurrent pattern of activities. Each of these views is associated with different questions and thus with different types of insights. We suggest that the four views together form a research framework that reveals distinctive links between strategy as practice and other lines of strategy research and that expands our notion of strategy and thereby the domain of strategic management.
Devising Biocompatible, NIR‐Activated Helical Pyroptosis Agents via 𝛑‐Twisting Strategy for Promoting Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Shi Xiaoqian , Wang Yaming , Qi Fan , Zhang Hao , Cao Yahui , Xu Xiaona , Liu Weiqing , Li Changhua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSpecifically controlling cell pyroptosis is advantageous for oncotherapy as it allows simultaneous ablation of primary tumors and activation of immunogenicity of tumor environment. Herein, a facile and robust strategy is presented to construct efficient NIR‐activated helical pyroptosis agents (PyroAs) with negligible dark cytotoxicity. It is demonstrated that the construction of four intramolecular B‐X bonds (X = O or N) within the BODIPY chromophore enforces a significant twisting of its π‐conjugation, yielding a variety of helical HBD molecules with desired high photosensitivity and negligible dark toxicity. A robust approach is established to extend HBD into the near‐infrared (NIR) region through site‐selective incorporation of an electron‐withdrawing ester moiety. It is also proved that targeted delivery of the NIR‐activated HBD‐ER to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) specifically activates pyroptosis pathway by equipping it with an ER‐targeting moiety. Finally, the favorable biocompatibility, excellent antitumor efficacy, and remarkable systematic immune response of this unique NIR‐activated helical PyroAs are shown in vivo, demonstrating its potential application in solid tumor immunotherapy.
Algorithms for generating small random samples
Authors: Cicirello Vincent A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe present algorithms for generating small random samples without replacement. We consider two cases. We present an algorithm for sampling a pair of distinct integers, and an algorithm for sampling a triple of distinct integers. The worst‐case runtime of both algorithms is constant, while the worst‐case runtimes of common algorithms for the general case of sampling elements from a set of increase with . Java implementations of both algorithms are included in the open source library .
Development of a new analytical model for circular concrete ring segments with dry joints under combined effects
Authors: Hartwig S. , Kang C. , Fürll F. , Klein F. , Classen M. , Marx S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPrevious models of circular ring segment joints have been inadequate in describing their loading capacity due to the lack of consideration for the interaction between shear force and bending moment. Consequently, these models have led to over‐ or underestimation of the joints' capacity. The increasing use of dry joint connection technology in wind turbine towers and prefabricated segmental bridge constructions necessitates the development of advanced computational models for these connections. This study presents a new model that considers the effects of bending moment, shear force, and torsion on the loading capacity of circular ring segment joints. Numerical simulations were conducted to validate the developed model under different load combinations, and the results demonstrate excellent agreement between the model predictions and numerical simulations.
Linguistically responsive teacher identity construction through reflections on sociocultural pedagogical practices: Collaborating with secondary content area teachers of emergent bilinguals
Authors: Solís Jorge , Lindahl Kristen , Yazan Bedrettin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article shares findings from the implementation of an ongoing National Professional Development (NPD) project that advances second language literacy and biliteracy in secondary content areas. The project is part of a research–practice partnership between a large public university and two school districts in south Texas that engages in‐service secondary school teachers seeking additional certification in English as a Second Language or Bilingual Education. Project activities adapt linguistically responsive theoretical and research perspectives to impact secondary teachers' knowledge, dispositions/beliefs, and practices. Analysis examines how secondary in‐service content‐area teachers reflect, narrate, and enact their professional identities as linguistically responsive teachers of emergent bilinguals (EBs) through professional learning activities. Findings describe how participants negotiated their identities as teachers of linguistically responsive instruction for EBs, as demonstrated through their engagement of reflective practices, digital language stories, and enactments of sociocultural pedagogical practices.
Anishinaabek responsibilities and relationships are demonstrated in N'bi (Water) Declarations
Authors: Chiblow Susan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article explores Indigenous knowledge on N'bi. It examines differing worldviews and discusses what Indigenous knowledge is and how Indigenous Peoples have been sharing their knowledge. This article discusses Anishinaabek approaches to N'bi and responsibilities to N'bi that include responsibilities to the celestial beings. Indigenous Peoples have been sharing their knowledge on N'bi through Declarations and scholarly articles primarily drafted by Indigenous Peoples themselves. The knowledge shared commonly explains that N'bi is alive with responsibilities. The Declarations explain women are responsible for N'bi and offer solutions for the inclusion of Indigenous knowledge in water decision‐making regimes.This article is categorized under:
Human Water > Water Governance
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Human Water > Rights to Water
Comparing field performance of ultrasonic microphones to facilitate analysis of long‐term acoustic bat monitoring data
Authors: Goodwin Katy R. , Kirschbaum Alan , Gillam Erin H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPassive acoustic monitoring is a standard technique for studying bat ecology and behavior. However, an issue that has received little attention is how to appropriately analyze data within a long‐term acoustic monitoring dataset when the equipment has been replaced and updated. Equipment changes are often inevitable, especially for microphones, which need to be replaced regularly due to extended weather exposure and associated reductions in recording quality. We compared 2 ultrasonic microphone models (Wildlife Acoustics SMM‐U1 and SMM‐U2) by deploying them side‐by‐side with the same acoustic detector unit. We tested 9 or 10 microphones per model in field deployments lasting an average of 9 nights. We compared triggering frequency, species classification, detection rates, and echolocation call parameters (as indicators of signal quality) from both microphones. The vast majority (97%) of our 25,949 paired recordings were captured simultaneously by both microphones. Yet, the SMM‐U2 outperformed the SMM‐U1 in terms of proportion of files classifiable to the species level (70% versus 61%), rate of bat detections per night (1–6.5 more detections per night depending on species), and recording quality. Based on our results, we propose a correction factor to facilitate direct comparison of datasets collected with these 2 different microphones. Our study will assist bat researchers in selecting appropriate equipment and accounting for potential biases in long‐term acoustic monitoring programs.
Dualities of self-dual nonlinear electrodynamics
Authors: Russo Jorge G. , Townsend Paul K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For any causal nonlinear electrodynamics theory that is “self-dual” (electromagnetic U(1)-duality invariant), the Legendre-dual pair of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian densities $$ \left\{\mathcal{L},\mathcal{H}\right\} $$

L
H

are constructed from functions $$ \left\{\ell, \mathfrak{h}\right\} $$

ℓ
h

on ℝ+ related to a particle-mechanics Lagrangian and Hamiltonian. We show how a ‘duality’ relating ℓ to $$ \mathfrak{h} $$
h
implies that $$ \mathcal{L} $$
L
and $$ \mathcal{H} $$
H
are related by a simple map between appropriate pairs of variables. We also discuss Born’s “Legendre self-duality” and implications of a new “Φ-parity” duality. Our results are illustrated with many examples.
Cluster B personality disorders and psychotropic medications: a focused analysis of trends and patterns across sex and age groups
Authors: Lunghi Carlotta , Cailhol Lionel , Massamba Victoria , Renaud Suzane , David Pierre , Laouan Sidi Elhadji A. , Biskin Robert , Koch Marion , Martineau Cathy , Rahme Elham , Rochette Louis , Sirois Caroline , Villeneuve Evens , Vincent Philippe , Lesage Alain 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated sex and age differences in patterns of psychotropic medication use before and after the initial diagnosis of Cluster B personality disorders (PDs) and analyzed trends over time.

Methods
Analyzing data from the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System for individuals newly diagnosed with Cluster B PD (≥ 14 years) between 2002 and 2018 and under the provincial public drug plan, we calculated yearly and monthly proportions of individuals exposed to psychotropic medications during the year before and after their diagnosis by sex and age. Robust Poisson regression models assessed the association between sex and exposure to psychotropic medications after the diagnosis of Cluster B PD.

Results
Among 87,778 individuals with a first Cluster B PD diagnosis (mean age: 44.5 years; 57.5% women), the proportion of users increased post-diagnosis. Notably, after diagnosis, females were more likely to receive psychiatric medications (between 78.9% and 83.7% during the study period vs. 72.8% and 76.8%). Males were less likely than females to receive antidepressants (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR): 0.83; 99% confidence interval (CI): 0.82–0.85) and anxiolytics (aPR: 0.86; 99%CI: 0.84–0.88), whereas they had higher exposure to antipsychotics (aPR: 1.04; 99%CI: 1.02–1.06) and ADHD medications (aPR: 1.14; 99%CI: 1.07–1.2). Age-specific trends showed increased ADHD medication use among younger patients (14–24 years), and anxiolytic use predominated in those aged ≥ 65 years.

Conclusions
Psychotropic medication use was high among Cluster B PD patients, with differences in medication classes according to age and sex. The marked sex and age differences in psychotropic medication use among Cluster B PD patients underscore the need for a sex-sensitive and age-specific approach in psychiatric care.
Mitigation measures for addressing gender bias in artificial intelligence within healthcare settings: a critical area of sociological inquiry
Authors: Isaksson Anna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is often described as crucial for making healthcare safer and more efficient. However, some studies point in the opposite direction, demonstrating how biases in AI cause inequalities and discrimination. As a result, a growing body of research suggests mitigation measures to avoid gender bias. Typically, mitigation measures address various stakeholders such as the industry, academia, and policy-makers. To the author’s knowledge, these have not undergone sociological analysis. The article fills this gap and explores five examples of mitigation measures designed to counteract gender bias in AI within the healthcare sector. The rapid development of AI in healthcare plays a crucial role globally and must refrain from creating or reinforcing inequality and discrimination. In this effort, mitigation measures to avoid gender bias in AI in healthcare are central tools and, therefore, essential to explore from a social science perspective, including sociology. Sociologists have made valuable contributions to studying inequalities and disparities in AI. However, research has pointed out that more engagement is needed, specifically regarding bias in AI. While acknowledging the importance of these measures, the article suggests that they lack accountable agents for implementation and overlook potential implementation barriers such as resistance, power relations, and knowledge hierarchies. Recognizing the conditions where the mitigation measures are to be implemented is essential for understanding the potential challenges that may arise. Consequently, more studies are needed to explore the practical implementation of mitigation measures from a social science perspective and a systematic review of mitigation measures.
A data-oriented shopfloor management in the production context: a systematic literature review
Authors: Eichenseer Patrick , Winkler Herwig 
Published: September 2024

AbstractData not only plays an essential role in traditional shopfloor management, but it is also becoming even more important in Industry 4.0, particularly due to the increasing possibilities offered by new digital and data technologies and developments. In this context, the literature often refers to digital shopfloor management, the next generation shopfloor or other evolutionary synonyms. This raises the question of how to differentiate the content of data-oriented shopfloor management from digital shopfloor management. This paper discusses the state of the art — in terms of both data and digital perspectives — using a systematic literature review. Due to the complexity of the topic, three different levels of consideration — technology, organisation and people — are examined and discussed. Existing conceptual approaches are analysed in terms of conclusions and research gaps. It was found that the area of technology, including dedicated applications, is very well represented and researched in the literature. In comparison, there are larger research gaps in the other areas of organisation and people, which could be a possible reason for the lack of implementation of digital shopfloor management in practice. There is also a lack of holistic approaches that consider all three levels simultaneously and provide an overarching concept of maturity as a guideline, as well as taking into account the increasing trend towards value stream orientation. Apart from the research gaps, this paper could also define the term data-oriented shopfloor management and distinguish it from digital shopfloor management.
An experimental investigation into the potential of employing mixed eco-friendly abrasives during AWJ milling of nickel-based superalloy
Authors: Karkalos Nikolaos E. , Karmiris-Obratański Panagiotis , Kudelski Rafał 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNon-conventional machining processes are capable of achieving higher performance compared to conventional ones due to their inherent characteristics and higher amount of parameters which can be favorably regulated. Although the correlation between the most important process parameters and process outcome has been already established for a wide range of conditions and workpiece materials, the introduction of new considerations related to the three pillars of sustainability require further investigation on new means for the enhancement of AWJ milling process. As one of the most important parameters in AWJ milling is the abrasive material, the introduction of new materials may offer considerable advantages from different perspectives. Thus, in the present work, a comprehensive investigation on the efficiency of using eco-friendly, mixed abrasives is carried out under various conditions such as different traverse feed rate, abrasive mass flow rate, water jet pressure, jet impingement angle, and mixing ratio. The feasibility of using mixed abrasives is evaluated in terms of achievable depth of penetration, kerf width, kerf taper angle as well as material removal rate (MRR), and cutting efficiency. The findings indicate that among other factors, the mixing ratio plays a noticeable role especially regarding MRR and cutting efficiency and can offer an additional effective means to achieve the desired kerf characteristics in conjunction with other significant parameters such as water jet pressure.
Oxygen Transfer Effect on the Growth of Limosilactobacillus reuteri ATCC 53608 and on Its Metabolic Capacity
Authors: Santos-Rocha Sandra-Janneth , Mendoza-Ortiz Cristian , Tobon-Gonzalez Julian , Ríos-Estepa Rigoberto , Orozco-Sánchez Fernando 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLimosilactobacillus reuteri is a probiotic microorganism used in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The effect of oxygen transfer on cultures of L. reuteri ATCC 53608 at shake flask and stirred tank bioreactor scales was studied, using MRS and molasses-based media. At shake flask scale, in MRS medium, a maximum bacterial concentration of 2.01 ± 0.02 g L−1 was obtained; the oxygen transfer coefficient was 2.01 ± 0.04 h−1. Similarly, in a 7.5 L bioreactor, in MRS, a maximum bacterial concentration of 2.46 ± 0.16 g L−1 was achieved (kLa = 2.64 ± 0.06 h−1). In contrast, using a molasses-based medium, bacterial concentration reached 3.13 ± 0.17 g L−1 in the 7.5 L bioreactor. A progressive reduction in lactic acid concentration and yield was observed as the oxygen transfer coefficient increased, at shake flask scale. Also, the oxygen transfer coefficient strongly affected the growth of L. reuteri in shake flask and bioreactor and allowed us to successfully scale up L. reuteri culture, producing similar maximum bacterial concentrations in both scales (2.01 g L−1 and 2.46 g L−1 in MRS). This is the first study on oxygen transfer coefficients in L. reuteri, and it is a valuable contribution to the field as it provides important insights about how this organism tolerates oxygen and adapts its metabolism for larger biomass production.
Graphical Abstract
Relevance of lesion size in navigator-triggered and free-breathing diffusion-weighted liver MRI
Authors: Reithmeier Bianca , Laun Frederik B. , Führes Tobit , Uder Michael , Bickelhaupt Sebastian , Saake Marc 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relevance of focal liver lesions (FLL) size for lesion detection comparing navigator triggering (TRIG) to free breathing (FB) liver Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI).

Materials and method
Patients with known or suspected FLL were prospectively (registry number 276_19 B) included from October to December 2019 in this study, out of which 32 had liver lesions. Echo planar spin-echo DWI data both with TRIG and FB were with approximately constant acquisition times acquired at 1.5 T. Lesions were segmented in the b = 800 s/mm² images in both the TRIG and FB images. The lesion size, location (liver segment), liver lesion visibility, as well as contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were recorded. The CNR was assessed with the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test and the number of visible lesions with the Fisher test.

Results
Data from 43 patients (22 female) were analyzed. The mean patient age was 58 ± 14 years. A total of 885 FLL (Ntotal) were segmented. Among these, 811 lesions (Nboth) were detected with TRIG and FB, 65 lesions exclusively with TRIG (NTRIG_Only), and nine exclusively in FB (NFB_Only). The largest additional lesion in TRIG/FB had a diameter of 10.4 mm/7.6 mm. The number of additional lesions detected with TRIG decreased with size. Among all lesions ≤ 4.7 mm, the relative number of additional lesions was 15.6%. Additional lesions were found in all liver segments with TRIG. In the left liver lobe, the relative proportion was 9.2%, and in the right liver lobe 5.4%. CNR and visibility were significantly higher in TRIG than in FB (p < 0.001). In relation to size, the difference is significant in terms of visibility and CNR for lesion diameters ≤ 8 mm.

Conclusion
Respiration triggering can improve the detection of small liver lesions with diameters up to approx. 1 cm in the whole liver.

Key Points
QuestionCan respiration triggering (TRIG) improve the detection of small FLL compared to FB diffusion-weighted imaging?
FindingsAmong 885 segmented FLL, TRIG was superior to FB for lesions smaller than 8 mm and had improved CNR and visibility.
Clinical relevanceDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is used for the detection of focal liver lesions and image quality is influenced by breathing motion. Navigator triggering becomes more important for smaller lesions, and seems recommendable for the detection of small focal liver lesions.
Critical Transitions for Asymptotically Concave or d-Concave Nonautonomous Differential Equations with Applications in Ecology
Authors: Dueñas Jesús , Núñez Carmen , Obaya Rafael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe occurrence of tracking or tipping situations for a transition equation $$x'=f(t,x,\Gamma (t,x))$$

x
′

=
f

(
t
,
x
,
Γ

(
t
,
x
)

)

with asymptotic limits $$x'=f(t,x,\Gamma _\pm (t,x))$$

x
′

=
f

(
t
,
x
,

Γ
±

(
t
,
x
)

)

is analyzed. The approaching condition is just $$\lim _{t\rightarrow \pm \infty }(\Gamma (t,x)-\Gamma _\pm (t,x))=0$$

lim

t
→
±
∞

(
Γ

(
t
,
x
)

-

Γ
±

(
t
,
x
)

)

=
0

uniformly on compact real sets, and so there is no restriction to the dependence on time of the asymptotic equations. The hypotheses assume concavity in x either of the maps $$x\mapsto f(t,x,\Gamma _\pm (t,x))$$

x
↦
f
(
t
,
x
,

Γ
±

(
t
,
x
)

)

or of their derivatives with respect to the state variable (d-concavity), but not of $$x\mapsto f(t,x,\Gamma (t,x))$$

x
↦
f
(
t
,
x
,
Γ
(
t
,
x
)
)

nor of its derivative. The analysis provides a powerful tool to analyze the occurrence of critical transitions for one-parametric families $$x'=f(t,x,\Gamma ^c(t,x))$$

x
′

=
f

(
t
,
x
,

Γ
c

(
t
,
x
)

)

. The new approach significatively widens the field of application of the results, since the evolution law of the transition equation can be essentially different from those of the limit equations. Among these applications, some scalar population dynamics models subject to nontrivial predation and migration patterns are analyzed, both theoretically and numerically. Some key points in the proofs are: to understand the transition equation as part of an orbit in its hull which approaches the "Equation missing"-limit and "Equation missing"-limit sets; to observe that these sets concentrate all the ergodic measures; and to prove that in order to describe the dynamical possibilities of the equation it is sufficient that the concavity or d-concavity conditions hold for a complete measure subset of the equations of the hull.