bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing a “Vestibular Migraine Diagnosis Questionnaire” and Testing Its Validity
Authors: Celebisoy Nese , Karapolat Hale , Gokcay Figen , Bilgen Cem , Ozgen Gulnur , Kirazli Tayfun , Kose Timur 
Published: June 2016

Objective:
To establish a questionnaire and check its validity and reliability for the diagnosis of vestibular migraine in patients reporting recurrent vestibular symptoms.

Background:
Vestibular migraine is the most common cause for recurrent spontaneous vertigo. However, it is still underdiagnosed needing validated and reliable screening instruments such as ID Migraine, that can be used in primary care settings, dizziness, and migraine clinics.

Materials and Method:
Sixty consecutive patients referred to our dizziness clinic with recurring vestibular symptoms were given a questionnaire that they filled in, consisting of 8 short and simple questions. The questionnaire-based diagnosis was compared with the diagnosis based on face-to-face interview and clinical examination. Test stability was evaluated by asking the patients to fill in the questionnaire a week later during a second visit. κ analysis was used to assess item-specific test-retest reliability and also the conformity between the questionnaire-based diagnosis and the clinical diagnosis.

Results:
The conformity between the clinical diagnosis and the diagnosis based on the questionnaire was 83.3% and the κ coefficient was 0.666 (good). Sensitivity of the questionnaire was 82.8% (24/29) and the specificity was 83.9% (26/31). The κ values in test-retest repetition were good to excellent (0.71 to 0.87) when each question was considered.

Conclusions:
The validity of the “Vestibular Migraine Diagnosis Questionnaire” was good and its reliability was good to excellent indicating that it can be used as a screening tool in identifying patients with vestibular migraine in our country.
Severe, Symptomatic, Self-limited Unilateral DBS Lead Edema Following Bilateral Subthalamic Nucleus Implantation
Authors: Gerard Carter S. , Metman Leo Verhagen , Pal Gian , Karl Jessica , Sani Sepehr 
Published: June 2016

Introduction:
Symptomatic edema around a deep-brain stimulation (DBS) lead is a rare complication of DBS surgery. Although this phenomenon is not fully understood, clinical presentation of DBS lead edema can be severe enough to prompt treatment. There is a paucity of literature on the clinical course and treatment of DBS lead edema.

Case Report:
We present a 65-year-old man with Parkinson disease who developed unilateral DBS lead edema after bilateral subthalamic nucleus lead placement. Infectious, inflammatory, and ischemic causes were thoroughly investigated and ruled out. Clinical symptoms and radiographic changes all returned to normal with supportive care alone.

Conclusions:
Lead edema is a rare complication after DBS surgery. It is important to recognize the benign clinical course of DBS lead edema to counsel patients and avoid unnecessary treatment such as hardware removal.
Next-generation sequencing identifies novel gene variants and pathways involved in specific language impairment
Authors: Chen Xiaowei Sylvia , Reader Rose H. , Hoischen Alexander , Veltman Joris A. , Simpson Nuala H. ,   SLI Consortium, Francks Clyde , Newbury Dianne F. , Fisher Simon E. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA significant proportion of children suffer from unexplained problems acquiring proficient linguistic skills despite adequate intelligence and opportunity. These developmental speech and language disorders are highly heritable and have a substantial impact on society. Molecular studies have begun to identify candidate loci, but much of the underlying genetic architecture remains undetermined. Here, we performed whole exome sequencing of 43 unrelated probands affected by severe forms of specific language impairment, followed by independent validations with Sanger sequencing, and analyses of segregation patterns in parents and siblings, to try to shed new light on the aetiology of the disorder. By first focusing on a pre-defined set of known candidates from the literature, we identified potentially pathogenic variants in genes already implicated in diverse language-related syndromes, includingERC1, GRIN2A, andSRPX2. Complementary analyses suggested novel putative candidate genes carrying validated variants which were predicted to have functional effects, such asOXR1, SCN9AandKMT2D. We also searched for potential “multiple-hit” cases; one proband carried a rareAUTS2variant in combination with a rare inherited haplotype affectingSTARD9, while another carried a novel nonsynonymous variant inSEMA6Dtogether with a rare stop-gain inSYNPR. When we broadened our scope to all rare and novel variants throughout the exomes, we identified several biological themes that were enriched for such variants, most notably microtubule transport and cytoskeletal regulation.
Breaking Lander-Waterman’s Coverage Bound
Authors: Nashtaali D. , Motahari S.A. , Khalaj B.H. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLander-Waterman’s coverage bound establishes the total number of reads required to cover the whole genome of sizeGbases. In fact, their bound is a direct consequence of the well-known solution to the coupon collector’s problem which proves that for such genome, the total number of bases to be sequenced should beO(GlnG). Although the result leads to a tight bound, it is based on a tacit assumption that the set of reads are first collected through a sequencing process and then are processed through a computation process, i.e., there are two different machines: one for sequencing and one for processing. In this paper, we present a significant improvement compared to Lander-Waterman’s result and prove that by combining the sequencing and computing processes, one can re-sequence the whole genome with as low asO(G) sequenced bases in total. Our approach also dramatically reduces the required computational power for the combined process. Simulation results are performed on real genomes with different sequencing error rates. The results support our theory predicting the logGimprovement on coverage bound and corresponding reduction in the total number of bases required to be sequenced.
Optimal inventorying and monitoring of taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity
Authors: Cardoso Pedro , Arnedo Miquel A. , Macías-Hernández Nuria , Carvalho William D. , Carvalho José C. , Hilário Renato 
Published: June 2016

AbstractComparable data is essential to understand biodiversity patterns. While inventorying requires comprehensive sampling, monitoring focuses on as few components as possible to detect changes. Quantifying species, their evolutionary history, and the way they interact claims for studying changes in taxonomic (TD), phylogenetic (PD) and functional diversity (FD). Here we propose a method for the optimization of sampling protocols for inventorying and monitoring diversity across these three diversity dimensions taking sampling costs into account.We used Iberian spiders, Amazonian bats and Atlantic Forest mammals as three case-studies. The optimal combination of methods for inventorying and monitoring required optimizing the accumulation curve of α-diversity and minimizing the difference between sampled and estimated β-diversity (bias), respectively.For Iberian spiders, the optimal combination for TD, PD and FD allowed sampling at least 50% of estimated diversity with 24 person-hours of fieldwork. The optimal combination of six person-hours allowed reaching a bias below 8% for all dimensions. For Amazonian bats, surveying all the 12 sites with mist-nets and 0 or 1 acoustic recorders was the optimal combination for almost all diversity types, resulting in >89% of the diversity and <10% bias with roughly a third of the cost. Only for phylogenetic α-diversity, the best solution was less clear and involved surveying both with mist nets and acoustic recorders. For Atlantic Forest mammals the optimal combination to assess all types of α- and β-diversity was to walk all the 10 transects and no camera traps, which returned >95% of the diversity and <5% bias with a third of the costs.The widespread use of optimized and standardized sampling protocols and regular repetition in time will radically improve global inventory and monitoring of biodiversity. We strongly advocate for the global adoption of sampling protocols for both inventory and monitoring of taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity.
Evaluating the Evaluation of Cancer Driver Genes
Authors: Tokheim Collin J. , Papadopoulis Nickolas , Kinzler Kenneth W. , Vogelstein Bert , Karchin Rachel 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSequencing has identified millions of somatic mutations in human cancers, but distinguishing cancer driver genes remains a major challenge. Numerous methods have been developed to identify driver genes, but evaluation of the performance of these methods is hindered by the lack of a gold standard, i.e., bona fide driver gene mutations. Here, we establish an evaluation framework that can be applied when a gold standard is not available. We used this framework to compare the performance of eight driver gene prediction methods. One of these methods, newly described here, incorporated a machine learning-based ratiometric approach. We show that the driver genes predicted by each of these eight methods vary widely. Moreover, the p-values reported by several of the methods were inconsistent with the uniform values expected, thus calling into question the assumptions that were used to generate them. Finally, we evaluated the potential effects of unexplained variability in mutation rates on false positive driver gene predictions. Our analysis points to the strengths and weaknesses of each of the currently available methods and offers guidance for improving them in the future.SignificanceModern large-scale sequencing of human cancers seeks to comprehensively discover mutated genes that confer a selective advantage to cancer cells. Key to this effort has been development of computational algorithms to find genes that drive cancer, based on their patterns of mutation in large patient cohorts. However, since there is no generally accepted gold standard of driver genes, it has been difficult to quantitatively compare these methods. We present a new machine learning method for driver gene prediction and a rigorous protocol to evaluate and compare prediction methods. Our results suggest that most current methods do not adequately account for heterogeneity in the number of mutations expected by chance and consequently have many false positive calls. The problem is most acute for cancers with high mutation rates and comprehensive discovery of drivers in these cancers may be more difficult than currently anticipated.
The ATP synthase subunit β (ATP5B) is an entry factor for the hepatitis E virus
Authors: Ahmed Zulfazal , Holla Prasida , Ahmad Imran , Jameel Shahid 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHepatitis E occurs sporadically and as outbreaks due to contamination of drinking water. The causative agent, hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a hepatotropic non-enveloped RNA virus, which grows poorlyin vitro.Consequently, many aspects of HEV biology are poorly characterized, including its cellular receptor and entry mechanism(s). Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) act as attachment factors for the virus. In the absence of purified high titer infectious virus, we have used hepatitis E virus-like particles (HEV-LPs) expressed and purified fromE. colito identify HEV entry factor(s) on liver cells in culture. Using a pull down and mass spectrometric approach, we identified the ATP synthase subunit β (ATP5B) to bind the HEV capsid protein. Its role in the entry of HEV was then validated using antibody and siRNA mediated approaches, and infectious HEV from the stools of a hepatitis E patient. Though ATP synthase is largely a mitochondrial protein, the cell surface expressed form of ATP5B is implicated in other viral infections.
4,4′-([4,4′-Bipyridine]-1,1′-diium-1,1′-diyl)dibenzoate dihydrate
Authors: Rodriguez Mark A. , Sava Gallis Dorina F. , Chavez James S. , Klivansky Liana M. , Liu Yi 
Published: June 2016

We report here the synthesis of a neutral viologen derivative, C24H16N2O4·2H2O. The non-solvent portion of the structure (Z-Lig) is a zwitterion, consisting of two positively charged pyridinium cations and two negatively charged carboxylate anions. The carboxylate group is almost coplanar [dihedral angle = 2.04 (11)°] with the benzene ring, whereas the dihedral angle between pyridine and benzene rings is 46.28 (5)°. TheZ-Lig molecule is positioned on a center of inversion (Fig. 1). The presence of the twofold axis perpendicular to thec-glide plane in space groupC2/c generates a screw-axis parallel to thebaxis that is shifted from the origin by 1/4 in theaandcdirections. This screw-axis replicates the molecule (and solvent water molecules) through space. TheZ-Lig molecule links to adjacent moleculesviaO—H...O hydrogen bonds involving solvent water molecules as well as intermolecular C—H...O interactions. There are also π–π interactions between benzene rings on adjacent molecules.
Intellectual capital-based innovation planning: empirical studies using wiNK model
Authors: Fan Irene Y.H. , Lee Rongbin W.B. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– Innovation is essential for business growth that cannot be created by financial investment alone but with intellectual capital (IC). IC management is critical for the organization, yet many firms do not have proper strategies. The purpose of this paper is to present an effective planning model that enables organizations to raise their innovation capability through strategic IC management.Design/methodology/approach– Two R & D groups in an information and communication technology organization are examined with an IC-based complex system model (wiNK model). The model includes a descriptive part that determines the current IC state of the group and a prescriptive part that identifies the IC strategies for optimal innovation performance.Findings– This paper demonstrated that the wiNK model is an easy-to-use prescriptive tool using IC to optimize innovation performance.Research limitations/implications– The IC state of an organization is dynamic and changing. Regular IC examinations are necessary to track its changes.Practical implications– This IC-based model can be applied individually without benchmarking with other organizations. The IC location map can be documented as an organization DNA profile for the organization. The tracking of the continuous and dynamic changes is beneficial to the organization and its stakeholders. It can be served as both planning and evaluation tools.Originality/value– This study offers a systemic approach to the interdisciplinary study of organizational behavior and innovation with a pioneering use of an IC framework. It contributes to the field of innovation management with a new attempt of its kind to integrate management research and mathematical simulation model.
Assessing emphasis gaps among MBA alumni: a model framework
Authors: Van Auken Stuart , Chrysler Earl , Wells Ludmilla Gricenko 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to focus on Master of Business Administration (MBA) alumni and their ability to provide institution-specific insights into MBA program delivery. Given desired MBA positioning dimensions, a case exemplar is used to reveal gaps between “should have” program emphases and “actual” emphases. Departures from expectations are used to reveal either under- or over-emphases which require repair.

Design/methodology/approach
The study develops a gap assessment procedure and the theory of gaps, and it presents insights into the prioritization of gaps for closing through the revelation of gap themes of varying magnitude. It also reveals the benefits and the limitations of emphasis-based gap assessments. Additionally, the study addresses the complexity of creating the dimensional structure for MBA program gap revelation.

Findings
This paper reports on the issues of framing dimensions, including the possibility of dimensional omissions, with a particular emphasis on the utilization of an emphasis-based gap model within an a priori identified structure.

Practical implications
The methodological approach provides a blueprint for additional program review, and it produces a strong structural base for MBA program positioning. It is also is particularly important in evaluating newly created one-year MBA programs.

Originality/value
The work reveals the potential for the revelation of both under- and over-emphases in MBA program delivery and the possible issue of sub-optimization in gap closing (i.e. the closing of one gap while opening another).
Couples’ depression and relationship satisfaction: examining the moderating effects of demand/withdraw communication patterns
Authors: Li Pei‐Fen , Johnson Lee N. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study used systemic perspectives and actor and partner interdependence model to examine actor and partner effects of depression on couples’ relationship satisfaction in sixty‐three clinical couples. We also examined if a demand/withdraw communication pattern served a unique communication context that modified the impacts of depression on relationship satisfaction. Couples participated in a treatment‐as‐usual situation. The results showed that male depression had a negative impact on female relationship satisfaction. Males and females had different perceptions of male demand/female withdraw behaviours and it created different influences on each partner's depression in relation to relationship satisfaction.Practitioner points

Depression is an interpersonal event that therapists must always assess while providing intervention in relational issues
Females’ relationship satisfaction is influenced by males’ depression and couple‐based therapy can be beneficial for treating men's depression and women's relational well‐being
Couples therapists need to intervene in demand/withdraw behaviours at different levels corresponding to which gender is executing demand/withdraw behaviours
China's Place in Regional and Global Governance: A New World Comes Into View
Authors: Beeson Mark , Li Fujian 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe ‘rise of China’ means that – once again – China plays a pivotal role in international affairs. China's economic weight and growing political influence means that its foreign policies and the ideas that shape them have major consequences for established ideas about ‘global governance’. Rather than accepting the institutional and ideational status quo, however, Chinese policy makers are actively trying to develop a new international order through the creation of new institutions such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and the ‘One Belt, One Road’ blueprint for international trade and investment centered on China. The paper explains how this process is developing and assesses its implications for the extant international order.
Sovereign Patent Funds: Sovereign Wealth Funds 2.0?
Authors: Clarke Warren 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSignificant academic and policy attention has focused on identifying the causes and consequences of the growth of traditional sovereign wealth funds (SWFs). This paper, in contrast, highlights a new type of sovereign investment vehicle – sovereign patents funds (SPFs) – that have emerged primarily in advanced industrialized economies, including France, South Korea and Japan. As defined here, SPFs are investment funds that seek to acquire intellectual property resources deemed strategically valuable in the pursuit of national economic objectives. This brief survey article considers the implications of SPFs in comparison to more traditional sovereign wealth funds. In doing so, it asks what emerging discourses on sovereign patent funds can learn from the sovereign wealth fund debate, and points to both similarities and important differences between these entities. While highlighting similarities between SPFs and traditional SWFs, the paper notes that patent funds are more explicitly political than their SWF counterparts. Following an overview of both SPFs and SWFs, the paper compares elements of the structure, behaviour, and response to these funds. Finally, while a full assessment of the activities and merits of SPFs lies beyond the scope of this article, the conclusion offers key lessons drawn from the SWF comparison.
The Association Between Physician Empathy and Variation in Imaging Use
Authors: Melnick Edward R. , O'Brien Elizabeth G. J. , Kovalerchik Olga , Fleischman William , Venkatesh Arjun K. , Taylor R. Andrew 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundVariation in emergency physician computed tomography (CT) imaging utilization is well described, but little is known about what drives it. Physician empathy has been proposed as a potential characteristic affecting CT utilization.ObjectivesThe objective was to describe empathy in a cohort of emergency physicians and evaluate its association with CT utilization. We also sought to compare emergency physician performance on an empathy psychometric test with performance on other psychometric tests previously proposed as predictors of CT utilization.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included two parts: 1) a secondary analysis of emergency department (ED) CT imaging utilization data in a large health system from July 2013 to June 2014 and 2) a survey study of the cohort of physicians responsible for this imaging using four psychometric scales: the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE), a risk‐taking subset of the Jackson Personality Index (RTS), the Stress from Uncertainty Scale (SUS), and the Malpractice Fear Scale (MFS). The study included data and physicians from four EDs: one urban, academic ED, two community, and one free‐standing. A hierarchical, mixed‐effects regression model was used to evaluate the association between emergency physician performance on the four scales and risk‐adjusted CT imaging utilization. The model incorporated physician‐specific CT utilization rates adjusted for propensity scores that were calculated using over 500 patient‐level variables via random forest methods, physician demographics, and a random provider effect to account for the clustering of observations.ResultsCT variation analysis included 113,517 patients seen during the study period by the 74 eligible emergency physician survey respondents; 20,972 (18.5%) of these patients had at least one CT. The survey response rate was 74 of 82 (90.2%). Correlation coefficients between JSE and the other scales were not statistically significant. In subset analysis, there was a trend toward a physician's number of years in practice and RTS score contributing to CT utilization for traumatic head CT. There were no significant associations between performance on any of the psychometric scales and CT utilization.ConclusionsPerformance on the JSE, RTS, SUS, or MFS was not predictive of risk‐adjusted CT utilization in the ED. The underlying physician‐based factors that mediate interphysician variation remain to be clearly identified.