bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lateral Ventricle to Sylvian Fissure Shunt for Obstructive Hydrocephalus: First Report
Authors: Patkar Sushil 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathway studies have revealed that the CSF secreted from the choroid plexus of the ventricles after egressing from the fourth ventricle reaches the basal suprasellar cistern and ultimately the sylvian cisterns. From the sylvian cistern, the CSF travels over the cerebral convexity subarachnoid space to reach the superior sagittal sinus and enters the bloodstream. Diverting CSF from the lateral ventricle with a shunt catheter to the sylvian cistern can be an option to treat obstructive hydrocephalus. An adult patient with posttraumatic hydrocephalus with contraindications to ventriculoperitoneal and ventriculoatrial shunt placement underwent this procedure of diverting CSF from the lateral ventricle to the sylvian cistern successfully, and he had immediate relief of symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Although preliminary results seem logical and promising, more cases and longer follow-up is required to consider this shunt operation an option in the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus.
The Double Volar Flap Technique for Aesthetic Repair of Syndactyly and Polysyndactyly of Toe without Skin Grafting
Authors: Miyanaga Toru , Shimada Kenichi , Kishibe Miyuki , Yamashita Masanobu , Yamashita Akiko 
Published: April 2017

Background:Aesthetic repair of syndactyly of the toes is desirable because patients may have psychological concerns about its appearance. There are 2 important factors for the aesthetic repair of syndactyly of the toe. One is to hide the operative scar from the visual site (dorsal site), whereas the other is to create an interdigital space close to the normal anatomical skin characteristics (2 general types of skin: glabrous and hairy).Methods:In total, 12 patients (4 males and 8 females) with 15 syndactylous webs were operated on by using the double volar flap technique. The following 3 local flaps were designed with this technique: an M-shaped flap designed on the dorsal side of the interdigital region (flap A) and double volar flaps (flaps B and C) designed on the volar side of the interdigital region. Flap A was used for reconstruction of the web slope, whereas flaps B and C were used for reconstruction of the proximal sidewall of toes.Results:The corrected toes showed a deep and natural interdigital commissure with no exposure of skin grafts or conspicuous scars on the dorsal visible side. The scars on the volar side were also inconspicuous.Conclusions:The double volar flap method for repair of syndactyly and polysyndactyly of the toes has the same advantages as those of the local flap method, in addition to an optimum aesthetic result through matching with the normal anatomical skin characteristic of the interdigital space and hiding of the operative scar from the visual site.
Greater fear of visceral pain contributes to differences between visceral and somatic pain in healthy women
Authors: Koenen Laura Ricarda , Icenhour Adriane , Forkmann Katarina , Pasler Annika , Theysohn Nina , Forsting Michael , Bingel Ulrike , Elsenbruch Sigrid 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This functional magnetic resonance imaging study addressed similarities and differences in behavioral and neural responses to experimental visceral compared with somatic pain stimuli and explored the contribution of fear of pain to differences between pain modalities. In N = 22 healthy women, we assessed blood oxygen level–dependent responses to rectal distensions and cutaneous heat stimuli matched for perceived pain intensity. Fear of pain and pain unpleasantness were assessed before and after scanning. Visceral pain was more fear evoking and more unpleasant, and trial-by-trial intensity ratings failed to habituate across trials (all interactions modality × time: P < 0.01). Differences in fear of pain and pain intensity independently contributed to greater visceral pain unpleasantness (combined regression model: R
2 = 0.59). We observed joint neural activations in somatosensory cortex and frontoparietal attention network (conjunction analysis: all pFWE <0.05), but distensions induced greater activation in somatosensory cortex, dorsal and ventral anterior insula, dorsal anterior and midcingulate cortices, and brainstem, whereas cutaneous heat pain led to enhanced activation in posterior insula and hippocampus (all pFWE <0.05). Fear of visceral pain correlated with prefrontal activation, but did not consistently contribute to neural differences between modalities. These findings in healthy women support marked differences between phasic pain induced by rectal distensions vs cutaneous heat, likely reflecting the higher salience of visceral pain. More studies with clinically relevant pain models are needed to discern the role of fear in normal interindividual differences in the response to different types of pain and as a putative risk factor in the transition from acute to chronic pain.
Community-based evaluation in online communities
Authors: Jarke Juliane 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The idea of “best practice” is very much built into information systems and the ways in which they organise and structure work. The purpose of this paper is to examine how “best practice” may be identified (produced) through a community-based evaluation process as opposed to traditional expert-based evaluation frameworks. The paper poses the following research questions: how does “best practice” (e)valuation in online communities differ depending on whether they are produced by community members or experts? And what role play these two practices of valuation for online community performance?

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based on a three-year ethnographic study of a large-scale online community initiative run by the European Commission. Participant observation of online and offline activities (23 events) was complemented with 73 semi-structured interviews with 58 interviewees. The paper draws on Science and Technology Studies, and in particular actor-network theory.

Findings
Promoting the idea of “best practice” is not just an exercise about determining what “best” is but rather supposes that best is something that can travel across sites and be replicated. The paper argues that it is crucial to understand the work performed to coordinate multiple practices of producing “best practice” as apparatuses of valuation. Hence if practices are shared or circulate within an online community, this is possible because of material-discursive practices of dissociation and association, through agential cuts. These cuts demarcate what is important – and foregrounded – and what is backgrounded. In so doing new “practice objects” are produced.

Research limitations/implications
The research was conducted in the European public sector where participants are not associated through shared organisational membership (e.g. as employees of the same organisation). An environment for determining “best practice” that is limited to an organisation’s employees and more homogeneous may reveal further dynamics for “best practice” production.

Practical implications
This paper sheds light on why it is so difficult to reach commensuration in crowd-sourced environments.

Originality/value
The paper provides an analysis of how online community members collaborate in order to identify relevant and meaningful user-generated content. It argues that “best practice” is produced through a process of commensuration.
A review on recent advances of CNTs as gas sensors
Authors: Rana Md.Masud , Ibrahim Dauda Sh. , Mohd Asyraf M.R. , Jarin S. , Tomal Amanullah 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This review paper aims to focus on recent advances of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to produce gas sensors. Gas sensors are widely used for monitoring hazardous gas leakages and emissions in the industry, households and other areas. For better safety and a healthy environment, it is highly desirable to have gas sensors with higher accuracy and enhanced sensing features.

Design/methodology/approach
In this review, the authors focus on recent contributions of CNTs to the technology for developing different types of gas sensors. The design, fabrication process and sensing mechanism of each gas sensor are summarized, together with their advantages and disadvantages.

Findings
Nowadays, CNTs are well-known materials which have attracted a significant amount of attention owing to their excellent electrical, electronic and mechanical properties. On exposure to various gases, their properties allow the detection of gases using different methods. Therefore, over recent years, researchers have developed several different types of gas sensors along with other types of sensors for temperature, strain, pressure, etc.

Originality/value
The main purpose of this review is to introduce CNTs as candidates for future research in the field of gas sensing applications and to focus on current technical challenges associated with CNT-based gas sensors.
Sleep quality, clinical and psychological manifestations in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Moraleda Virginia , Prados Germán , Martínez María P. , Sánchez Ana I. , Sabio José M. , Miró Elena 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAimSleep problems are a common complaint in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. We analyzed sleep quality with subjective and objective measures in a sample with SLE and its possible relationships with the main manifestations of the disease.MethodsTwenty‐one women with SLE and 20 healthy women participated in the study. All participants were evaluated with actigraphy for a week and they completed self‐report instruments of sleep quality, quality of life, fatigue, anxiety, depression and perceived stress. Comparison analyses between the two groups were done using Chi‐square and Student's t‐tests. The association between sleep quality and the remaining variables was explored using Pearson correlation coefficients.ResultsSLE patients had higher fragmentation index in the actigraphic analysis and a perception of poorer sleep quality, more fatigue, anxiety and depression than the control group. Bivariate analyses showed that the perception of more sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction was associated with a lower health‐related quality of life, more fatigue, emotional discomfort and more perceived stress. Also, the fragmentation index in the actigraphy was significantly related to the perception of poorer quality of sleep.ConclusionSLE women had a poorer sleep quality (objective and subjective). These alterations could play a modulatory role in clinical and psychological manifestations of the disease and affect the quality of life in this population. More research is needed to clarify these relations and to determine the potential benefits of interventions directed to improve sleep in the clinical managing of the patients with SLE.
Arquivistas e Museólogos: uma reflexão crítica sobre o posicionamento destes profissionais na Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações
Authors: Crivellari Helena Maria Tarchi , Alves Thiara dos Santos , Frota Maria Guiomar da Cunha 
Published: April 2017

Este artigo apresenta resultados preliminares de pesquisa em andamento, que tem por objetivo contribuir para uma reflexão crítica sobre o posicionamento dos profissionais Arquivistas e Museólogos na Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações. A pesquisa foi feita através de levantamento bibliográfico e documental e parte do seguinte questionamento: qual é o posicionamento dos profissionais Arquivistas e Museólogos na Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações? A relevância desse artigo consiste na escassez de pesquisas sobre a Família ocupacional “Arquivistas e Museólogos” e sobre o mercado de trabalho destes profissionais; além de contribuir com apontamentos para uma possível atualização e revisão de parte do documento da Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações. O artigo contextualiza a formação e organização profissional do Arquivista e do Museólogo no Brasil; apresenta o histórico da Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações; em seguida, situa o Arquivista e o Museólogo na Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações; depois, exemplifica o uso da Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações na Relação Anual de Informações Sociais. Por fim, encerra-se com uma conclusão parcial que pretende colaborar para reflexões sobre: as classificações de ocupação; a dificuldade de viabilizar propostas de políticas públicas de formação e emprego de Arquivistas e Museólogos; possíveis aspectos a respeito do emprego do Arquivista e do Museólogo; as políticas microinstitucionais de descrição de cargos nos editais de concurso público.
Background and Principles of Customs Audit in the Republic Of Kazakhstan
Authors: �������  , Berezyuk V. 
Published: April 2017

Until recently, some leading economists considered revision as the main form of fi nancial control. At the same
time in the world practice there is such form of control, as the state audit, which joins the fi nancial audit, performance
audit and, in our opinion, the customs audit. Th e article considers problems of formation and development of the customs
audit in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Research Article. Kinetics and Mechanism of Drug Release from Loratadine Orodispersible Tablets Developed without Lactose
Authors: Ciurba Adriana , Rédai Emőke , Pop Ioana , Antonoaea Paula , Todoran Nicoleta 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjective: The aim of this study is to develop lactose-free orodispersible tablets with loratadine for patients with lactose intolerance. Materials and methods: Seven compositions (F1-F7) of 10 mg loratadine were prepared in form of orally disintegrating tablets, by direct compression, using croscarmellose sodium and pre-gelatinized starch in various concentrations as superdisintegrants, diluted with microcrystalline cellulose and combined with mannitol and maltodextrin as binder agents. The tablets had been studied in terms of their pharmacotechnical characteristics, by determining: the weight uniformity of the tablets, their friability, breaking strength and disintegration time, drug content and the dissolution profile of loratadine. The statistical analyses were performed with GraphPad Prism Software Inc. As dependent variables, both the hardness of the tablets and their disintegration ability differ between batches due to their compositional differences (as independent variables). DDSolver were used for modeling the kinetic of the dissolution processes by fitting the dissolution profiles with time-dependent equations (Zero-order, First-order, Higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas, Peppas-Sahlin). Results: All proposed formulas shows rapid disintegration, in less than 15 seconds, and the dissolution loratadine spans a period of about 10 minutes. Akaike index as well as R2 adjusted parameter have demonstrated that the studied dissolution profiles are the best fitted by Zero-order kinetic. Conclusion: In conclusion, association of croscarmellose sodium (7.5%) with pre-gelatinized starch (6%) as superdisintegrants and mannitol as the binder agent (35%), positively influences the dissolution properties of loratadine from orally fast dispersible tablets.
Thermodynamic study on complex parts of the sphere and ellipsoid of a nuclear explosive device
Authors: Zhenzhi Gou , Bin He , Guilin Yang 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Because the heat release of plutonium material, the composite structure is heated and the stress and strain of the composite structure will increase, which will affect the thermodynamic properties of the structure. The thermodynamic analysis of complex structures, which are composed of concentric structures of plutonium, beryllium, tungsten, explosives, and steel, was carried out. The results showed that when the structure is spherical, the temperature is higher than that of the ellipsoid structure. Stress of the elliptical structure is greater than the spherical structure. This study showed that the more flat the shell is, the greater the stress concentration point occurs at the long axis, and the maximum stress occurs at the beryllium layer. These conclusions provide theoretical support for the plutonium composite component testing.
Influence of thermodynamic mechanism of inter- facial adsorption on purifying air-conditioning engineering under intensification of electric field
Authors: Chen Yun-Yu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAs a kind of mass transfer process as well as the basis of separating and purifying mixtures, interfacial adsorption has been widely applied to fields like chemical industry, medical industry and purification engineering in recent years. Influencing factors of interfacial adsorption, in addition to the traditional temperature, intensity of pressure, amount of substance and concentration, also include external fields, such as magnetic field, electric field and electromagnetic field, etc. Starting from the point of thermodynamics and taking the Gibbs adsorption as the model, the combination of energy axiom and the first law of thermodynamics was applied to boundary phase, and thus the theoretical expression for the volume of interface absorption under electric field as well as the mathematical relationship between surface tension and electric field intensity was obtained. In addition, according to the obtained theoretical expression, the volume of interface absorption of ethanol solution under different electric field intensities and concentrations was calculated. Moreover, the mechanism of interfacial adsorption was described from the perspective of thermodynamics and the influence of electric field on interfacial adsorption was explained reasonably, aiming to further discuss the influence of thermodynamic mechanism of interfacial adsorption on purifying air-conditioning engineering under intensification of electric field.
Orthogonal Basis Functions over the Binocular Pupil
Authors: Mathar Richard J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSets of orthogonal basis functions over circular areas - pupils in optical applications - are known in the literature for the full circle (Zernike or Jacobi polynomials) and the annulus. Here, an orthogonal set is proposed if the area is two non-overlapping circles of equal size. The geometric master parameter is the ratio of the pupil radii over the distance between both circles. Increasingly higher order aberrations - as defined for a virtual larger pupil in which both pupils are embedded - are fed into a Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization to distill one unique set of basis functions. The key effort is to work out the overlap integrals between a full set of primitive basis functions of hyperspherical type centered at the mid-point between both pupils. Constructed from the same primitive basis, the orthogonal Karhunen-Loève modes of spatially filtered Kolmogorov phase screens are computed for this shape of mask. Matrix elements of the covariance matrix - an established intra-circle and a special inter-circle category - are worked out in wavenumber space.
Gaming Methods in the Management Teaching at Secondary Schools
Authors: Polčáková Martina , Bočková Kateřina 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Introduction: The paper deals with the design of gaming methods for teaching Management at secondary schools and the importance of using effective games in the process secondary education.
Methods: The authors analysed and summarised the relevant findings collected during the fifty-year history. For the purposes of the investigation, a questionnaire survey was carried out between April 11, 2016 and April 22, 2016. Finally, interviews with teachers were conducted.
Results: Specific gaming methods for teaching Management were implemented in classrooms which helped to identify the strengths and the weaknesses of the gaming methods.
Limitations: The limits of the survey were given by the small number of respondents (100) and by the fact that only 6 questions were asked.
Conclusions: The gaming methods are attractive not only for pupils and students but also for adults and represent one of the most attractive teaching methods. There is a connection between gaming methods, didactics and andragogy.
Acquaintance with Universals
Authors: Forrest Peter 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In this paper I argue that the problems solved by universals require not merely that we know they exist but that we know them by acquaintance. I begin by explicating this thesis of acquaintance with universals. I then show how it solves some familiar problems. After that I reply to the objection that something weaker will do such as David Lewis’ distinction between natural and artificial classes of possibilia.
Re-Thinking Atonement in Jonathan Edwards and New England Theology
Authors: Hamilton S. Mark 
Published: April 2017

AbstractJonathan Edwards′ New England theology has a great deal more to say that is of contemporary doctrinal interest than it is often credited with, particularly as it relates to the doctrine of atonement. This article explores several anomalous claims made be this 18th and 19th century tradition, and in this way, challenges the recent and growing consensus that Edwards espoused the penal substitution model and his successors a moral government model. I argue that of all that is yet to be considered about their doctrine of atonement, we ought to begin with those claims made about the nature and demands of divine justice.
Factors That Influence the Virological Response in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Treated with Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin
Authors: Todorovska Beti , Joksimovic Nenad , Caloska-Ivanova Viktorija , Dimitrova-Genadieva Magdalena , Trajkovska Meri , Curakova Elena , Kiprijanovska Sanja , Zafirova-Ivanovska Beti , Serafimoski Vladimir 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Introduction: The success of the antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C depends on the factors related to the virus and the host. The aim of the study is the analysis of the antiviral therapy which is a combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin, considering various factors that will identify the predictors of the sustained virological response. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 226 patients, divided in two groups. Patients with sustained virological response and patients without sustained virological response were compared in terms of the following factors: genotype, viral load, gender, age, inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the liver, metabolic abnormalities, obesity and fatty liver. Results: The rate of the sustained virological response is 83.6%, more frequently in patients with genotype 3, with evidenced statistical significance (90.54%). The factors that significantly contribute to sustained virological response are related to the age (p = 0.0001), genotype (p = 0.002), mode of transmission (p = 0.005), inflammatory changes in the liver (p = 0.028), body mass index (p = 0.022) and insulin resistance (p = 0.039). The high rate of sustained virological response is related to the younger age of the patients which indirectly means short Hepatitis C Virus infection duration, absence of advanced liver disease and lack of significant co-morbid conditions. Single confirmed independent predictors of sustained virological response are the age (OR 0.928, p = 0.0001) and genotype (OR 3.134, p = 0.005). Conclusions: Factors that are related to the virological response are the age, genotype, mode of transmission, inflammatory changes in the liver, body mass index and insulin resistance, but still, independent predictors of sustained virologic response are the age and the genotype.