bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voltammetric Methods for Hydrogen Crossover Diagnosis in a PEMFC Stack
Authors: Génevé T. , Turpin C. , Régnier J. , Rallières O. , Verdu O. , Rakotondrainibe A. , Lombard K. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractFuel cell diagnosis is a key point for a large scale development of this technology. Gas crossover through the membrane is one of the most crucial faults that have to be detected. Several methods of crossover estimation exist, but this work focuses on voltammetry. The main purpose is to provide a method of stack diagnosis that can be deployed in an industrial context for in situ measurements. The method has to detect accurately which cell is damaged, and how high the gas crossover is. Two voltammetric methods are compared on different stacks. First, cyclic voltammetry is applied to every cell of the stack (cell CV), cell after cell. Then potential is applied to the entire stack with an equivalent sweep rate (stack cyclic voltammetry – stack CV). Results show that with stack CV, one cannot strictly access the crossover current of a cell, as cell voltages are indeed not homogeneous along the stack and the current is common for all cells. However, an empirical law that links cell voltages during a stack CV and their crossover currents can be built. It can be used as an abacus to diagnose the crossover of each individual cell with a single stack CV.
Adeno‐associated virus‐mediated colonic secretory expression of HMGB1 A box attenuates experimental colitis in mice
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyan , Lv Yifei , Li Shuang , Zhang Qiannan , Zhang Xueting , Hao Zhiming 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundExtracellular high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is crucially implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). A box domain of HMGB1 has been identified as a specific antagonist of HMGB1. In the present study, we tested the effects of adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated colonic secretory expression of HMGB1 A box on murine experimental colitis.MethodsSelf‐complementary AAV‐2 carrying mouse immunoglobin Gκ leader‐human HMGB1 A box (AAV‐HMGB1 A box) was constructed. The effects of intracolonically administered AAV‐HMGB1 A box on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐ and 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)‐induced colitis were assessed by the disease activity index (DAI), colon length, macroscopic and histological scoring, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and epithelial apoptosis and complementary proliferation. Colonic immune cell infiltrates, mucosal malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity, colonic tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐10 levels, serum HMGB1 concentration, and colonic HMGB1 release were determined to investigate the underlying mechanisms.ResultsIntracolonically administered AAV‐HMGB1 A box efficiently mediated secretory expression of HMGB1 A box and led to significant decreases in DAI, macroscopic and histological scores and colonic epithelial apoptosis in both DSS‐ and TNBS‐treated mice. Modulating inflammation‐associated cytokines, such as inhibiting colonic TNF‐α and IL‐1β expression, decreasing HMGB1 release, and restoring colonic IL‐10 levels, and thereby inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration and alleviating oxidant damage, might be the underlying mechanism.ConclusionsIntracolonic application of AAV‐HMGB1 A box is effective in alleviating murine colitis and has therapeutic potential in human IBDs.
Annurca (Malus pumila Miller cv. Annurca) apple as a functional food for the contribution to a healthy balance of plasma cholesterol levels: results of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Tenore Gian Carlo , Caruso Domenico , Buonomo Giuseppe , D'Urso Emanuela , D'Avino Maria , Campiglia Pietro , Marinelli Luciana , Novellino Ettore 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecent human studies have evaluated the effect of daily apple consumption on plasma cholesterol level, which is recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nevertheless, slightly significant effects have been generally registered although consuming more than two apples a day for several weeks.RESULTSThis study describes the influence of daily consumption of Annurca apples on the cholesterol levels of mildly hypercholesterolaemic healthy subjects. A monocentric, randomized, parallel‐group, placebo‐controlled, 4‐month study was conducted. The subjects (n = 250) were randomly assigned to five treatment groups (each one of 50 subjects: 28 men and 22 women). Four groups were administered one apple per day among the following: Red Delicious, Granny Smith, Fuji, Golden Delicious. The fifth group was asked to consume two Annurca apples per day, since the weight of this cultivar is on average half that of the commercial ones considered in this study. Comparing results, Annurca led to the most significant outcome, allowing a reduction in total and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 8.3% and 14.5%, respectively, and an increase in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 15.2% (all P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONOur data would reasonably indicate Annurca apple as a useful tool to contribute to the prevention of CVD risk through normal diet. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Exploring Network Formation of Tough and Biocompatible Thiol‐yne Based Photopolymers
Authors: Oesterreicher Andreas , Gorsche Christian , Ayalur‐Karunakaran Santhosh , Moser Andreas , Edler Matthias , Pinter Gerald , Schlögl Sandra , Liska Robert , Griesser Thomas 
Published: August 2016

This work deals with the in‐depth investigation of thiol‐yne based network formation and its effect on thermomechanical properties and impact strength. The results show that the bifunctional alkyne monomer di(but‐1‐yne‐4‐yl)carbonate (DBC) provides significantly lower cytotoxicity than the comparable acrylate, 1,4‐butanediol diacrylate (BDA). Real‐time near infrared photorheology measurements reveal that gel formation is shifted to higher conversions for DBC/thiol resins leading to lower shrinkage stress and higher overall monomer conversion than BDA. Glass transition temperature (Tg), shrinkage stress, as well as network density determined by double quantum solid state NMR, increase proportionally with the thiol functionality. Most importantly, highly cross‐linked DBC/dipentaerythritol hexa(3‐mercaptopropionate) networks (Tg ≈ 61 °C) provide a 5.3 times higher impact strength than BDA, which is explained by the unique network homogeneity of thiol‐yne photopolymers.
image
Highly linear reconfigurable UWB filters with independently controlled dual bandnotch
Authors: Ahmad Waqas , Budimir Djuradj 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThis letter proposes a high‐linearity reconfigurable lower ultra‐wideband (3.1–5.25 GHz) filter with independently controlled dual bandnotch at WiMAX 3.5 GHz band and satellite communication systems 4.2 GHz band. Reconfigurability has been achieved by the implementation of Graphene based switches (simulation only) and PIN diodes (measurements). The simulation and measurement results in OFF state show an entire bandpass response from 3.1 GHz to 5.25 GHz and with a very low insertion loss. In ON state, the results show that sharp rejections at 3.5 GHz and 4.2 GHz are achieved, with a low passband insertion loss. The two bandnotch operate independently of each other; thus allowing to control the behaviour of the required bandnotch. The third order intermodulation products were also measured in OFF and ON states and the linearity results have been presented. The filter is able to achieve a high performance with good linearity and no significant loss. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2639–2643, 2016
Correlation between microwave properties and compressive strength of engineered cementitious mortar
Authors: Chung Kwok L. , Song Chuanwang , Li Yansheng , Zhang Chunwei 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents an application of microwave near‐field technique into the cement‐based material, which is designated as engineered cementitious mortar in civil material engineering. Parallel measurements of microwave near‐field probing and conventional compression test were undertaken. The objective of this interdisciplinary research is to develop correlations of compressive strengths with electrical properties at microwave frequencies. First‐order exponential regressions were applied to the measurement data. Simple yet accurate correlation models have been developed for strength prediction. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2696–2699, 2016
Von der Muschel zum Autolack
Authors: Döhler Diana , Binder Wolfgang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSelbstheilung ist die Wiederherstellung von Materialeigenschaften nach mechanischer oder chemischer Beschädigung. Dabei werden Wissenschaftler häufig von Selbstheilungsprinzipien der Natur inspiriert – beispielsweise von Muscheln zu Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen als Klebstoff.
Zwei‐Photonen‐Absorption auf Umwegen
Authors: Liu Nai‐Wei , Manolikakes Georg 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDie Photoredoxkatalyse ist dadurch eingeschränkt, dass die Energie aus absorbiertem Licht nicht vollständig für Redoxprozesse zur Verfügung steht. Neue Reaktionskonzepte wie chemoselektive Reaktionen und Reaktionen im Gel überwinden dies.
Nie wieder Risse in Brücken und Straßen
Authors: Osterath Brigitte 
Published: August 2016

AbstractLebendes Gewebe heilt nach Verletzungen. Wäre doch praktisch, wenn Beton und Asphalt das auch tun würden, dachten sich Wissenschaftler und begannen, selbstheilende Baumaterialien zu entwickeln.
Local stress‐constrained and slope‐constrained SAND topology optimisation
Authors: Munro Dirk , Groenwold Albert 
Published: August 2016

SummaryWe study the alternative ‘simultaneous analysis and design’ (SAND) formulation of the local stress‐constrained and slope‐constrained topology design problem. It is demonstrated that a standard trust‐region Lagrange–Newton sequential quadratic programming‐type algorithm—based, in this case, on strictly convex and separable approximate subproblems—may converge to singular optima of the local stress‐constrained problem without having to resort to relaxation or perturbation techniques. Moreover, because of the negation of the sensitivity analyses—in SAND, the density and displacement variables are independent—and the immense sparsity of the SAND problem, solutions to large‐scale problem instances may be obtained in a reasonable amount of computation time. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced goal‐oriented error assessment and computational strategies in adaptive reduced basis solver for stochastic problems
Authors: Serafin Kevin , Magnain Benoît , Florentin Eric , Parés Núria , Díez Pedro 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis work focuses on providing accurate low‐cost approximations of stochastic finite elements simulations in the framework of linear elasticity. In a previous work, an adaptive strategy was introduced as an improved Monte‐Carlo method for multi‐dimensional large stochastic problems. We provide here a complete analysis of the method including a new enhanced goal‐oriented error estimator and estimates of CPU (computational processing unit) cost gain. Technical insights of these two topics are presented in details, and numerical examples show the interest of these new developments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictive factors for resolution of childhood immune thrombocytopenia: Experience from a single tertiary center in Thailand
Authors: Chotsampancharoen Thirachit , Sripornsawan Pornpun , Duangchoo Sarapee , Wongchanchailert Malai , McNeil Edward 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundInitial clinical factors that can reliably predict a successful within‐1‐year resolution of childhood immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) are still unclear. This study aimed to determine factors associated with within‐12‐month resolution of newly diagnosed childhood ITP.MethodsThe hospital records of 417 consecutive children aged less than 15 years with ITP were reviewed retrospectively and data related to the initial presentation were noted. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine which presenting features were associated with a favorable outcome within 12 months.ResultsSignificant clinical and laboratory predictors for resolution of newly diagnosed childhood ITP within 12 months were abrupt onset less than 14 days, age less than 5 years, and platelet count at 4 weeks postdiagnosis of at least 100 × 109 l–1. With these three significant predictors, the rate of within‐1‐year recovery was more than 97.2%, with a positive predictive value of 97.8% for newly diagnosed childhood ITP.ConclusionAge less than 5 years, onset of bleeding less than 14 days, and follow‐up platelet count at 4 weeks of at least 100 × 109 l–1 are significant predictive factors for disease resolution among children with newly diagnosed ITP.
De novo assembly of plant body plan: a step ahead of Deadpool
Authors: Kareem Abdul , Radhakrishnan Dhanya , Sondhi Yash , Aiyaz Mohammed , Roy Merin V. , Sugimoto Kaoru , Prasad Kalika 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWhile in the movie Deadpool it is possible for a human to recreate an arm from scratch, in reality plants can even surpass that. Not only can they regenerate lost parts, but also the whole plant body can be reborn from a few existing cells. Despite the decades old realization that plant cells possess the ability to regenerate a complete shoot and root system, it is only now that the underlying mechanisms are being unraveled. De novo plant regeneration involves the initiation of regenerative mass, acquisition of the pluripotent state, reconstitution of stem cells and assembly of regulatory interactions. Recent studies have furthered our understanding on the making of a complete plant system in the absence of embryonic positional cues. We review the recent studies probing the molecular mechanisms of de novo plant regeneration in response to external inductive cues and our current knowledge of direct reprogramming of root to shoot and vice versa. We further discuss how de novo regeneration can be exploited to meet the demands of green culture industries and to serve as a general model to address the fundamental questions of regeneration across the plant kingdom.
Service delivery models of cloud computing: security issues and open challenges
Authors: Iqbal Salman , Kiah Miss Laiha Mat , Anuar Nor Badrul , Daghighi Babak , Wahab Ainuddin Wahid Abdul , Khan Suleman 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCloud computing represents the most recent enterprise trend in information technology and refers to the virtualization of computing resources that are available on demand. Cloud computing saves cost and time for businesses. Moreover, this computing process reflects a radical technological revolution in how companies develop, deploy, and manage enterprise applications over the Internet. Virtualized cloud computing mainly offers cloud‐computing delivery models such as software as a service, platform as a service, and infrastructure as a service. Security and privacy are presently considered critical factors in the adaptation of any cloud‐service delivery model. Cloud computing leverages several technologies; in the process, this model can inherit potential security threats. Thus far, security issues in cloud computing have rarely been addressed at the service delivery level. Key security concerns include Web application security, network security, data security, integration, vulnerabilities in the virtualized environment, and physical security.The aim of this research is to comprehensively present the security threats with respect to their cloud service deliver models. This study also determines how service delivery models differ from existing enterprise applications, classify these models, and investigate the inherent security challenges. This study primarily focuses on the security concerns of each layer of the cloud‐service delivery model, as well as on existing solutions and approaches. In addition, countermeasures to potential security threats are also presented for each cloud model. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Progressive secret image sharing scheme using meaningful shadows
Authors: Wang Zhi‐Hui , Di Ya‐Feng , Li Jianjun , Chang Chin‐Chen , Liu Hui 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel secret image sharing scheme, which progressively hides a secret image into multiple different meaningful cover (or host) images by utilizing a magic matrix. The produced shadows are high visual quality, meaningful images that differ from each other. As a result, they are not easy to cause the suspicion by the attackers. Moreover, the secret image in the proposed scheme can be recovered progressively via different numbers of shadows. The more shadows used, the better the quality of the secret image. The experimental results demonstrate the aforementioned advantages of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental and Mechanistic Exploration of Zn‐Catalyzed Sonogashira–type Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Thankachan Amrutha P. , Abi Thoppilan G. , Sindhu Kallikkakam S. , Anilkumar Gopinathan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOne of the most straightforward methods for the synthesis of disubstituted alkynes is the transition metal catalyzed Sonogashira‐type cross‐coupling reactions. Herein we report a detailed study of our recent research on the first Zn‐catalyzed protocol for C(sp2)–C(sp) cross‐coupling reaction of aryl iodides with terminal alkynes. A wide range of functional groups were tolerated in the reaction and both functionally and structurally diverse diaryl acetylenes were prepared efficiently using this protocol. The reaction mechanism for the Zn‐catalyzed Sonogashira‐type coupling reaction was investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) methods on a model system. The calculations were performed using hybrid Becke Perdew Functional (BPV86) in conjugation with LANL‐2DZ basis set and found that the reaction pathway involves oxidative addition and reductive elimination mechanism.
Theoretical Studies on the Origins of the Regio‐ and Stereoselectivities of Nickel Catalyzed Intermolecular [2+2] Cycloaddition of Conjungated Enynes with Alkenes
Authors: Guo Chenchen , Jiao Mingyang , Wang Huiqun , Li Yajie , Chen Bo‐Zhen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe have investigated the nickel catalyzed [2+2] cycloaddition of conjugated enynes with the cyclic and acyclic alkenes using DFT B3LYP and M06‐L methods. The calculation results show that the cycloaddition includes the formation of the C‐enolate intermediate and the reductive elimination to form the cyclobutene. The electron‐withdrawing substituent should be the key structure leading to the regioselectivity in the reaction of the conjugated enyne with the cyclic alkene. The stereoselectivity of the cycloaddition between Z/E ‐alkenes and enynes is attributed to the isomerization from Z‐alkenes to E‐alkenes after they coordinate to the nickel. Besides, the conjugated structure in enynes plays an essential role in the [2+2] cycloaddition and in the absence of it the reductive coupling will be more favorable than the cycloaddition.
Selective Recognition of Zn2+ Ion Using 2,4‐Bis(2‐pyridyl)‐5‐(4‐pyridyl)imidazole: Spectra and Molecular Structure
Authors: Behera Nibedita , Manivannan Vadivelu 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA trisubstituted imidazole, 2,4‐bis(2‐pyridyl)‐5‐(4‐pyridyl)imidazole (LH) in presence of other cations, selectively binds Zn2+ ion by exhibiting characteristic absorption and fluorescence spectral behaviors. Upon gradual addition of ZnCl2 to DMSOsolution of LH, intensity of peak at 318 nm decreased. A new peak appeared at 364 nm along with an isosbestic point at 337 nm. The DMSOsolution of LH upon irradiation with λ=320 nm exhibited an emission peak at 391 nm, which decreased gradually with increase in Zn2+ ion concentrations. A new emission peak also appeared at 445 nm along with a quasi isoemissive point at 413 nm. The HEPES buffered aqueous DMSO solution (2:8 v/v, pH=7.4) of free LH, upon excitation with 320 nm radiation gave emission at 396 nm which shifted to 445 nm during incremental additions of Zn2+ ion. The red shift is due to binding of Zn2+ ion to LH. The binding is accompanied by deprotonation of acidic hydrogen in imidazole ring and orientation of two 2‐pyridyl rings in near‐planarity with imidazolate ring. The Zn2+ ion can be detected with a calculated limit of 6.5×10−7 M. The Job's plot revealed that ligand binds Zn2+ ion in 1:2 ratios and was further confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction method.
Design of Multifunctional IridiumIII Compounds as a Potential Therapeutic Agents from Basic Molecular Scaffolds
Authors: Gajera Sanjay B. , Mehta Jugal V. , Patel Mohan N. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractComplexes of the type [(η5‐C5Me5)Ir(XY)Cl]Cl [XY= bipyrazoles (4a‐b), pyrimidin‐2‐amine (5a‐b) and triazolopyrimidine (6a‐b)] have been synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, ESI‐MS (Electrospray ionisation) and elemental analysis. Interaction of the complexes with Calf Thymus DNA (CT‐DNA) have been explored by electronic absorption titration, binding constants (Kb) for the interaction of complexes with DNA have been observed in the range of 0.151 ± 0.015 × 105 M−1 ‐ 1.446 ± 0.059 × 105 M−1. Molecular docking attests π‐π stacking interactions have been observed between receptor and ligands. The nucleolytic cleavage activity of compounds has been carried out on pUC19 DNA by gel electrophoresis experiments, potency has been ascribed to a multitarget mechanism of action of the compounds. Interestingly, the chelation of ligands with IrIII led to a remarkable enhancement of antibacterial activity against arbitrarily selected two Gram +ve and three Gram –ve bacterial stains. The complexes of triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines have been proved the most cytotoxic compounds and show enhanced percentage viability on S. pombe compared to pyrazole incorporated heterocyclic frameworks. All complexes showed potent cytotoxicity as compared to ligands, with IC50 values ranging from 64 to 199 μM toward A549 human lung cancer cells.
Synthesis of 3,3′′,5,5′′‐Tetraphenyl‐4,4′′‐terphenoquinone and Its Reductive Disproportionation Reaction
Authors: Hossain Md. Awlad , Akiyama Kazuhiko , Sugiura Ken‐ichi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBased on our recent reinvestigation of the disproportionation reaction of 3,3′,5,5′‐tetraphenyl‐4,4′‐biphenoquinone, which exhibited drastic color change, we performed the synthesis and characterization of 3,3′′,5,5′′‐tetraphenyl‐4,4′′‐terphenoquinone with the aim of obtaining enhanced physical properties, such as lower reduction potentials and bathochromic shift in light absorption, and realizing a disproportionation reaction at a lower temperature. To construct the terphenyl and/or terphenoquinone skeletons, the Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling, which involves coupling between 1,4‐diiodobenzene and the boronic acid ester with phenyl and oxygen moieties attached was carried out. The subsequent hydroquinone formation reaction and oxidation reaction yielded a brilliant ultramarine‐blue terphenoquinone. The quinone showed properties typical of π‐expanded quinones, namely, positively shifted reduction potential, small on‐site Coulomb repulsion, and lower excitation energy. DSC measurement of this product showed an exothermic process at 212.5 °C and this temperature was much lower than that of the corresponding biphenoquinone, 289.5 °C. The products of this reaction were similar to those of the biphenoquinone reaction, i. e., two benzofurans and the corresponding hydroquinone.