bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ação educacional em espaços expositivos: um conceito sustentando diferentes ações
Authors: Orofino Karin Zapelini , Ramalho e Oliveira Sandra Regina 
Published: May 2016

A relação entre público e arte contemporânea é muitas vezes caracterizada pelo distanciamento. Todavia, há inúmeras ações sendo pensadas objetivando aproximar os actantes de tal relação. Considerando a ação educacional em espaços expositivos como importante dispositivo para essa aproximação, este é o foco deste artigo que traz em formato inédito uma dissertação de mestrado defendida em 2010, sobre a qual se acrescentam novas reflexões. Tomam-se três diferentes exposições de arte que são analisadas cotejando-se com um referencial teórico pertinente e conclui-se que o conceito de ação educacional pode ser compreendido de maneira bastante elástica e diversificada. As três propostas expositivas distantes no tempo e no espaço, após analisadas, têm suas características organizadas a partir de paradigmas denominados tendências e particularidades, onde se evidenciam, como resultado, aspectos comuns e especificidades que visam provocar discussões tanto com os educadores que atuam nesses espaços quanto aos que levam seus alunos a visita-los.
Conflitos e ambiguidades sobre diferença cultural: alguns impactos para a arteeducação pós-moderna e a cultura visual
Authors: Martins Raimundo , Sérvio Pablo Petit Passos 
Published: May 2016

Apropriando-nos dos textos de jan jagodzinski (2005), Raimundo Martins (2007) e Arthur Efland (2005), confrontamos algumas reflexões sobre conflitos e ambigüidades em jogo nas discussões sobre "diferença cultural". Expandimos esta discussão enfatizando suas conseqüências para orientações teóricas e práticas da arte-educação pós-moderna e da educação para a cultura visual.
O Programa Fome Zero nos pronunciamentos dos deputados conservadores
Authors: Mendonça Daniel de 
Published: May 2016

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar os pronunciamentos dos deputados federais do PFL, do PPB, do PTB e do PL nas sessões do Grande Expediente da Câmara Federal, no período que compreende o primeiro semestre de 2003. O objeto stricto sensu da análise são as manifestações desses parlamentares concernentes ao Programa Fome Zero, lançado em janeiro de 2003, pelo então recém-empossado presidente da República Luís Inácio Lula da Silva. Tendo como base a teoria do discurso de Ernesto Laclau e de Chantal Mouffe, este paper é resultado parcial de um esforço maior de pesquisa que visa a construir um entendimento discursivo acerca da forma como os parlamentares da direita brasileira significaram a primeira experiência de um governo de esquerda no atual contextodemocrático brasileiro.
La confianza: aproximaciones teóricas y propuesta sistémica para su abordaje en las ciencias sociales
Authors: Mariñez Sánchez César David 
Published: May 2016

El siguiente ensayo busca identificar a modo general las perspectivas teóricas sobre la cual se ha venido sosteniendo la producción de conocimiento sobre la confianza. Luego entraremos con una propuesta desde la Teoría de los Sistemas Sociales principalmente en Niklas Luhmann. Nos abriremos hacia un programa científico que tiene como propósito observar a la confianza como un concepto funcional, multidimensional, reflexivo y que opera en la complejidad. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/6388
Vertebral Osteomyelitis as a Complication Following Transrectal Biopsy: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: J.J. Tafalla-García  , P. Salinas-Hernández  , M.C. Fernández-Chacón  , J.M. Cuervo- Rodríguez  
Published: May 2016

We present a documented case report of lumbar vertebral osteomyelitis after transrectal biopsy (TRUSB) complicated by sepsis due to Escherichia coli. The Images and histological examination showed an every day more frequent complication. We review the methods of diagnosis and treatment and compare with the scarce literature.
Du spirituel dans la littérature québécoise et dans l’anticléricalisme en particulier
Authors: Lambert Vincent 
Published: May 2016

Cette étude explore les relations possibles entre l’anticléricalisme et le mysticisme dans l’histoire littéraire et intellectuelle du Québec, de 1860 à 1960, à partir d’une affirmation d’Hubert Aquin : « Combattre le clergé ne peut se faire, même inconsciemment, qu’au nom du Dieu qu’il trahit. » Après avoir retracé, chez Jean-Charles Harvey, Jean Le Moyne et quelques autres, la nécessité d’établir une distinction entre Dieu, la religion et le clergé, l’auteur examine une constante en vertu de laquelle le rejet du clergé, d’Arthur Buies à Paul-Émile Borduas et André Langevin, est motivé par la possibilité d’une spiritualité hors de l’Église, cherchant à surmonter le dualisme de l’éternel et du temporel qui fondait la religion cléricale.
Three-dimensional simulation of a low-power microwave-excited microstrip plasma source
Authors: Tong Lizhu , Saito Keiichiro 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A low-power microwave-excited argon microstrip plasma source operated at 2.45 GHz is studied by a three-dimensional fluid model. The electrodeless microwave-excited plasmas are produced in the gas channel with the gas pressures of 50 and 100 Torr at the input power of 2 W. Simulations are performed by the plasma module of COMSOL Multiphysics@. Results show that the electric field induced by the electromagnetic wave is concentrated in the neighborhood of the inner surface of gas channel under the microstrip line. The electromagnetic wave is restricted to transit from being propagating to evanescent in a very thin zone at which the electron density is equal to the critical density. The resonance zone is solved by adding an effective collision frequency to the momentum collision frequency. The governed ions are found to be atomic argon ions (Ar+) and molecular argon ions (Ar2
+) and the latter has a wider distribution. The three-body reactions to produce Ar2
+ ions become important at high gas pressures.
Reactive etching by ClF3–Ar neutral cluster beam with scanning
Authors: Seki Toshio , Yoshino Yu , Senoo Takehiko , Koike Kunihiko , Aoki Takaaki , Matsuo Jiro 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A reactive gas cluster injection system with a scanning function was developed in order to increase the processing area. High-precision anisotropic etching with an aspect ratio of 7 was achieved for ClF3 cluster etching without scanning. However, with scanning, the aspect ratio for etching decreased to 1.5 because the side walls were etched by the gas retained in the trench. By reducing the source gas pressure, increasing the target distance, and mixing He in the source gas, anisotropic etching with an aspect ratio of about 6.3 was achieved with this apparatus.
Investigations of electrical transport properties of individual carbon nanotubes with nanoprober
Authors: Feng Wei , Hayama Kazumi , Akinaga Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
We investigated and discussed quantitatively the transport properties of individual multiwalled (MW) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by four-terminal measurement using a nanoprobing system. The homogeneity of the CNT was visibly examined using the electron beam absorbed current function of the nanoprober. The observed ohmic properties of the current–voltage characteristics and metallic transport properties of the CNTs proved that reliable contact of four probes was achieved on the outermost shell of MWCNTs. The experimental methodology was validated for the intrinsic properties of individual CNTs. Lower resistance per unit length was evaluated for thicker CNT. The measured resistance per unit length was lower than those reported by other researchers, but higher than ideally expected.
Mooring observations of equatorial currents in the upper 1000 m of the western Pacific Ocean during 2014
Authors: Wang Fan , Wang Jianing , Guan Cong , Ma Qiang , Zhang Dongxiao 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTime‐depth variations of the equatorial currents over the upper 1000 m depth in the western Pacific Ocean were directly measured by acoustic Doppler current profiler moorings at 2°N, 140°E and 4.7°N, 140°E during January–August 2014. Intraseasonal variations of the equatorial currents, with periods of 37–73 days, were observed encompassing the North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC), northern branch of the South Equatorial Current (SEC), Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC), Equatorial Intermediate Current (EIC), North Intermediate Countercurrent (NICC), and North Equatorial Subsurface Current (NESC). Compared with previous studies based mainly on shipboard synoptic surveys, the 8‐month time series of velocity profiles provided direct evidence for the existence of NESC, captured reversals of the EIC in May and the NESC in June from westward to eastward direction, and revealed larger vertical extensions of the SEC and NESC and greater depths of the EIC and NICC than previously thought. According to a global analysis product of ocean surface current, during January–April 2014, the NECC was located around its southernmost position and with its the weakest intensity over the past 20 years. Some of the anomalous characteristics of these flows may be related to the fickle El Niño of 2014.
Origin and dynamics of depositionary subduction margins
Authors: Vannucchi Paola , Morgan Jason P. , Silver Eli A. , Kluesner Jared W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHere we propose a new framework for forearc evolution that focuses on the potential feedbacks between subduction tectonics, sedimentation, and geomorphology that take place during an extreme event of subduction erosion. These feedbacks can lead to the creation of a “depositionary forearc,” a forearc structure that extends the traditional division of forearcs into accretionary or erosive subduction margins by demonstrating a mode of rapid basin accretion during an erosive event at a subduction margin. A depositionary mode of forearc evolution occurs when terrigenous sediments are deposited directly on the forearc while it is being removed from below by subduction erosion. In the most extreme case, an entire forearc can be removed by a single subduction erosion event followed by depositionary replacement without involving transfer of sediments from the incoming plate. We need to further recognize that subduction forearcs are often shaped by interactions between slow, long‐term processes, and sudden extreme events reflecting the sudden influences of large‐scale morphological variations in the incoming plate. Both types of processes contribute to the large‐scale architecture of the forearc, with extreme events associated with a replacive depositionary mode that rapidly creates sections of a typical forearc margin. The persistent upward diversion of the megathrust is likely to affect its geometry, frictional nature, and hydrogeology. Therefore, the stresses along the fault and individual earthquake rupture characteristics are also expected to be more variable in these erosive systems than in systems with long‐lived megathrust surfaces.
Testing for supply‐limited and kinetic‐limited chemical erosion in field measurements of regolith production and chemical depletion
Authors: Ferrier Ken L. , Riebe Clifford S. , Jesse Hahm W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractChemical erosion contributes solutes to oceans, influencing atmospheric CO2 and thus global climate via the greenhouse effect. Quantifying how chemical erosion rates vary with climate and tectonics is therefore vital to understanding feedbacks that have maintained Earth's environment within a habitable range over geologic time. If chemical erosion rates are strongly influenced by the availability of fresh minerals for dissolution, then there should be strong connections between climate, which is modulated by chemical erosion, and tectonic uplift, which supplies fresh minerals to Earth's surface. This condition, referred to as supply‐limited chemical erosion, implies strong tectonic control of chemical erosion rates. It differs from kinetic‐limited chemical erosion, in which dissolution kinetics and thus climatic factors are the dominant regulators of chemical erosion rates. Here we present a statistical method for determining whether chemical erosion of silicate‐rich bedrock is supply limited or kinetic limited, as an approach for revealing the relative importance of tectonics and climate in Earth's silicate weathering thermostat. We applied this method to published data sets of mineral supply rates and regolith chemical depletion and were unable to reject the null hypothesis that chemical erosion is supply limited in 8 of 16 cases. In seven of the remaining eight cases, we found behavior that is closer to supply limited than kinetic limited, suggesting that tectonics may often dominate over climate in regulating chemical erosion rates. However, statistical power analysis shows that new measurements across a wider range of supply rates are needed to help quantify feedbacks between climate and tectonics in Earth's long‐term climatic evolution.
An ongoing shift in Pacific Ocean sea level
Authors: Hamlington B. D. , Cheon S. H. , Thompson P. R. , Merrifield M. A. , Nerem R. S. , Leben R. R. , Kim K.‐Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBased on the satellite altimeter data, sea level off the west coast of the United States has increased over the past 5 years, while sea level in the western tropical Pacific has declined. Understanding whether this is a short‐term shift or the beginning of a longer‐term change in sea level has important implications for coastal planning efforts in the coming decades. Here, we identify and quantify the recent shift in Pacific Ocean sea level, and also seek to describe the variability in a manner consistent with recent descriptions of El Nino‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and particularly the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). More specifically, we extract two dominant modes of sea level variability, one related to the biennial oscillation associated with ENSO and the other representative of lower‐frequency variability with a strong signal in the northern Pacific. We rely on cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function (CSEOF) analysis along with sea level reconstructions to describe these modes and provide historical context for the recent sea level changes observed in the Pacific. As a result, we find that a shift in sea level has occurred in the Pacific Ocean over the past few years that will likely persist in the coming years, leading to substantially higher sea level off the west coast of the United States and lower sea level in the western tropical Pacific.
Association of Slow Gait Speed With Trajectories of Worsening Depressive Symptoms in Knee Osteoarthritis: An Observational Study
Authors: White Daniel K. , Neogi Tuhina , Zhang Yuqing , Niu Jingbo , Katz Patricia P. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of slow gait speed, defined as walking slower than is necessary for the community, with trajectories of depressive symptoms over 7 years among people with or at high risk of knee OA.MethodsUsing data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative, we described trajectories of depressive symptoms measured annually with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. We categorized speed during a 20‐meter walk of <1.2 meters/second as slow gait speed. We used a group‐based method to agnostically identify homogeneous clusters of depressive symptom trajectories. We then examined the association of slow gait speed with depressive symptom trajectories, using multinomial logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsFrom the 3,939 participants included (mean ± SD age 61.4 ± 9.2 years, body mass index 28.4 ± 4.7, 58% women, and 63% with a college degree), we identified 5 trajectories. The first 3 were stable over time and included 74% of the sample. The remainder had worsening depressive symptoms over time. Slow gait speed was associated with 2.1 times the odds of having the worst depressive symptoms trajectory compared to those without slow gait speed.ConclusionSlow gait speed may represent an important risk factor for worsening depressive symptoms over time in people with or at high risk of knee OA, and may signal the need for rehabilitation.
Association of Rheumatoid Factors With Subclinical and Clinical Atherosclerosis in African American Women: The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Majka Darcy S. , Vu Thanh‐Huyen T. , Pope Richard M. , Teodorescu Marius , Karlson Elizabeth W. , Liu Kiang , Chang Rowland W. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveAlthough the association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is established, the exact mechanism is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that RA‐related autoantibodies are independent risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis and subsequent clinical CVD events.MethodsThe Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is a community‐based cohort study prospectively collecting CVD outcome and risk factor data in middle‐aged to elderly multiethnic participants since 2000. Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti‐CCP2) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and coronary artery calcium (CAC) by computed tomography, were measured at MESA baseline in 6,532 participants who were followed for 10.3 years for coronary heart disease (CHD) end points (myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, CHD death) and CVD end points (included CHD end points, stroke, stroke death). Multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression assessed associations between RF/anti‐CCP and CAC or CVD end points.ResultsIgM RF, IgA RF, anti‐CCP, and either RF isotype predictors were positive in 15.8%, 8.7%, 2.0%, and 20.6%, respectively. A total of 12.2% had CAC ≥300, 7.1% had CHD end points, and 10.2% had CVD end points. IgA RF and anti‐CCP were associated with CAC ≥300 in African American women (odds ratio [OR] 2.4 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.2–5.1] and OR 4.1 [95% CI 1.3–12.7], respectively). RA‐related autoantibodies were also associated with clinical CVD events in African American women (anti‐CCP: OR 5.3 [95% CI 2.4–12.0]; either RF isotype: OR 2.4 [95% CI 1.4–4.0]). There was a trend for association between autoantibodies and CAC in white women. No associations were found in men.ConclusionRA‐related autoantibodies are associated with subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis in African American women from a community‐based non‐RA cohort, indicating autoimmune factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Prevalence, Incidence, and Disease Characteristics of Takayasu Arteritis by Ethnic Background: Data From a Large, Population‐Based Cohort Resident in Southern Norway
Authors: Gudbrandsson Birgir , Molberg Øyvind , Garen Torhild , Palm Øyvind 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo study the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Takayasu arteritis (TAK) in southeast Norway (population 2.8 million).MethodsAll study area hospital databases were screened to capture every potential TAK case between 1999 and 2012. These cases were manually chart reviewed, and only patients fulfilling either the 1990 American College of Rheumatology classification or the 1995 Ishikawa diagnostic criteria were included.ResultsInclusion criteria were met by 78 patients (68 female, 10 male). Point prevalence (by 2012) segregated by ethnic origin was 22.0 per 106 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 17–29) in northern Europeans compared to 78.1 (95% CI 38–152) in Asian whites and 108.3 (95% CI 46–254) in Africans (P < 0.001). The incidence rate increased from 1 to 2 per 106 in the first to last 5‐year period of the study (P = 0.03). Northern Europeans were mean age 32.3 years at onset, and 47% had involvement confined to aortic arch branches (angiographic type I), while 24% had extensive type V disease. Mean onset age in Asian and African cases was 20.3 years and 47% had type V disease. Coexisting inflammatory bowel disease was observed in 8% and ankylosing spondylitis in 7%.ConclusionWe report 2–4 times higher population prevalence than previously observed, and the highest prevalence ever found in Norwegians of Asian and African descent. The results support the idea that TAK in northern Europeans is marked by limited arterial involvement and older age at onset.
Factors Associated With Referral to Secondary Care in Patients With Osteoarthritis of the Hip or Knee After Implementation of a Stepped‐Care Strategy
Authors: Barten Di‐Janne J. A. , Smink Agnes , Swinkels Ilse C. S. , Veenhof Cindy , Schers Henk J. , Vliet Vlieland Thea , de Bakker Dinny H. , Dekker Joost , van den Ende Cornelia H. M. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveWe introduced a stepped‐care strategy (SCS) for hip and knee osteoarthritis, focusing on delivery of high‐quality stepped care. In this study, we aimed to identify factors associated with various steps of the SCS.MethodsWe used data from a 2‐year observational prospective cohort study, including 313 patients visiting their general practitioner (GP) with a new episode of hip/knee osteoarthritis. We used logistic multilevel analyses to identify factors at the level of the patient, the GP, and the general practice, related to treatment limited to primary care, referral to nonsurgical secondary care, or surgical procedures.ResultsPatients whose treatment had been limited to primary care tended to function physically better (odds ratio [OR] 1.03). Furthermore, they less often received exercise therapy (OR 0.46), intraarticular injections (OR 0.08), and radiologic assessments (OR 0.06). Continuation of nonsurgical care after referral was more likely in employed patients (OR 2.90) and patients who had no exercise therapy (OR 0.19) or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (OR 0.35). Surgically treated patients more often received exercise therapy (OR 7.42). Referral and surgical treatment depended only to a limited extent on the GP or the general practice.ConclusionAfter implementation of the SCS in primary care, the performance of exercise therapy, rather than disease severity or psychologic factors, seems to play a key role in the decision whether or not to refer for surgical or nonsurgical treatment in secondary care. To optimize patient‐tailored treatment, future research should be adressed to determine the optimal moment of switching from primary to secondary care in patients with hip/knee osteoarthritis.
Ethensulfonylfluorid: der beste je entdeckte Michael‐Akzeptor?
Authors: Chen Quan , Mayer Peter , Mayr Herbert 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Kinetik der Reaktionen von Ethensulfonylfluorid (ESF) mit Sulfonium‐ und Pyridiniumyliden wurde photometrisch gemessen, um den Elektrophilie‐Parameter von ESF gemäß der Korrelation lg k20 °C=sN(N + E) zu bestimmen. Mit E=−12.09 gehört ESF zu den stärksten Michael‐Akzeptoren in unserer Substanzklassen‐übergreifenden Elektrophilie‐Skala, was seine herausragende Eignung als Reaktionspartner für viele Nucleophile erklärt. Die vorhergesagte Befähigung, elektrophile aromatische Substitutionen mit elektronenreichen Arenen einzugehen, wurde durch unkatalysierte Reaktionen mit alkylsubstituierten Pyrrolen verifiziert.
Chemical Morphing of DNA Containing Four Noncanonical Bases
Authors: Eremeeva Elena , Abramov Michail , Margamuljana Lia , Rozenski Jef , Pezo Valerie , Marlière Philippe , Herdewijn Piet 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe ability of alternative nucleic acids, in which all four nucleobases are substituted, to replicate in vitro and to serve as genetic templates in vivo was evaluated. A nucleotide triphosphate set of 5‐chloro‐2′‐deoxyuridine, 7‐deaza‐2′‐deoxyadenosine, 5‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxycytidine, and 7‐deaza‐2′deoxyguanosine successfully underwent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using templates of different lengths (57 or 525mer) and Taq or Vent (exo‐) DNA polymerases as catalysts. Furthermore, a fully morphed gene encoding a dihydrofolate reductase was generated by PCR using these fully substituted nucleotides and was shown to transform and confer trimethoprim resistance to E. coli. These results demonstrated that fully modified templates were accurately read by the bacterial replication machinery and provide the first example of a long fully modified DNA molecule being functional in vivo.