bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Software process models vs descriptions: What do practitioners use and need?
Authors: Diebold P. , Scherr S.A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIt is commonly known that software or system development processes are very important for getting a high‐quality product. Such processes can be described in many different ways, from textual documents to existing modeling notations. Before dealing with the overall goal of improving the description of development processes, this paper evaluates the current state of practice regarding process descriptions and reasons for that. A major focus is on the degree of formality. Based on an interview guideline, a series of 12 interviews was conducted in German companies of different sizes. The results were analyzed to come up with the current usage of and need for software process models or descriptions. In general, our results confirm the literature statement that in industrial practice the majority of processes descriptions are detailed but rather focus on informal descriptions than formal notations or models. Nevertheless, they use semiformal process descriptions containing different graphical, table‐based, or structured‐text elements for representation. It is interesting that even if companies do not want to use formal models; they would like to have their advantages and even often have the detailed information necessary for formal models. Overall, our findings provide evidence on the state of practice regarding usage of process descriptions and models and show the need for future work in this area.
Optimal offering and allocation policies for wind power in energy and reserve markets
Authors: Soares Tiago , Jensen Tue V. , Mazzi Nicolò , Pinson Pierre , Morais Hugo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProliferation of wind power generation is increasingly making this power source an important asset in designs of energy and reserve markets. Intuitively, wind power producers will require the development of new offering strategies that maximize the expected profit in both energy and reserve markets while fulfilling the market rules and its operational limits. In this paper, we implement and exploit the controllability of the proportional control strategy. This strategy allows the splitting of potentially available wind power generation in energy and reserve markets. In addition, we take advantage of better forecast information from the different day‐ahead and balancing stages, allowing different shares of energy and reserve in both stages. Under these assumptions, different mathematical methods able to deal with the uncertain nature of wind power generation, namely, stochastic programming, with McCormick relaxation and piecewise linear decision rules are adapted and tested aiming to maximize the expected revenue for participating in both energy and reserve markets, while accounting for estimated balancing costs for failing to provide energy and reserve. A set of numerical examples, as well as a case study based on real data, allow the analysis and evaluation of the performance and behavior of such techniques.An important conclusion is that the use of the proposed approaches offers a degree of freedom in terms of minimizing balancing costs for the wind power producer strategically to participate in both energy and reserve markets. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic intransitive noninterference revisited
Authors: Eggert Sebastian , van der Meyden Ron 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The paper studies dynamic information flow security policies in an automaton-based model. Two semantic interpretations of such policies are developed, both of which generalize the notion of TA-security [van der Meyden ESORICS 2007] for static intransitive noninterference policies. One of the interpretations focuses on information flows permitted by policy edges, the other focuses on prohibitions implied by absence of policy edges. In general, the two interpretations differ, but necessary and sufficient conditions are identified for the two interpretations to be equivalent. Sound and complete proof techniques are developed for both interpretations. Two applications of the theory are presented. The first is a general result showing that access control mechanisms are able to enforce a dynamic information flow policy. The second is a simple capability system motivated by the Flume operating system.
Using multiple metaphors and multimodalities as a semiotic resource when teaching year 2 students computational strategies
Authors: Mildenhall Paula , Sherriff Barbara 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Recent research indicates that using multimodal learning experiences can be effective in teaching mathematics. Using a social semiotic lens within a participationist framework, this paper reports on a professional learning collaboration with a primary school teacher designed to explore the use of metaphors and modalities in mathematics instruction. This video case study was conducted in a year 2 classroom over two terms, with the focus on building children’s understanding of computational strategies. The findings revealed that the teacher was able to successfully plan both multimodal and multiple metaphor learning experiences that acted as semiotic resources to support the children’s understanding of abstract mathematics. The study also led to implications for teaching when using multiple metaphors and multimodalities.
Beyond the revolving door: Advocacy behavior and social distance to financial regulators
Authors: Young Kevin L. , Marple Tim , Heilman James 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe financial system is governed not just by formal rules but also by social relationships that pervade the elite strata of society. Understanding such dynamics entails understanding complex relational ties between actors, a task that can be facilitated through the use of network analysis. We argue that a latent feature of interest to scholars of the political economy of finance is one of social distance, which is a measurable concept. Using new data from the financial sector, we measure the social distance between a range of financial firms and one key regulator, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), over time to assess whether or not social distance is related to organizations’ advocacy behavior. We find a positive relationship between how close a given organization is to the SEC and how often it engages in advocacy. The result persists when we control for numerous factors related to organizational characteristics, firm size, and when we measure advocacy frequency in different ways.
Investigation of the Flow and Noise Distribution on a Blower via Integration of Simulation and Experiments
Authors: Kuan Y. D. , Huang J. M. , Wong J. H. , Chen C. Y. , Lee S. M. , Hsu C. N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAs the consciousness of energy saving and carbon reduction and comfortable environment is paid increasing attention to, the common objective of various countries with decreasing energy is to develop and popularize high efficiency and low running noise blowers. This study uses CFD to calculate the flow field and performance of a blower and compare with the experimental measurement. The characteristic curve of blower shows that the simulated and experimental values are close to each other, the difference between the values is only 0.4%. This analysis result proofs the CFD package is a highly reliable tool for the future blower design improvement. In addition, this study discusses the noise distribution of blower flow field, the periodic pressure output value calculated by CFD is used in the sound source input of sound pressure field, so as to simulate and analyze the aerodynamic noise reading of the flow field around the blower. The result shows that the simulated value of flow field around the fan has as high as 80.5 dB(A) ∼ 81.5 dB(A) noise level and is agree with measurement (82 dB(A)). The noise level is low but has a sharp noise. According to the numerical results, designer of the blower modify the tongue geometry and remove the sharp noise.
Multilevel social spaces: The network dynamics of organizational fields
Authors: HOLLWAY JAMES , LOMI ALESSANDRO , PALLOTTI FRANCESCA , STADTFELD CHRISTOPH 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we seek to advance an updated concept of social space that integrates the multilayer and dynamic statistical network methods currently at the disposal of social network researchers. We demonstrate the analytic value of the new concept of social space that we propose with the help of an illustrative analysis of an organizational field involving organizations' external and internal decisions that congeal into a multilevel system of action that shapes the space of possibilities for other participants in the field. Through these internal and external decisions, organizations seek certain positions in their social space while simultaneously modifying that social space over time. We conclude by arguing that network researchers' choices of goodness-of-fit statistics should reflect a consideration about the dimensions of social space of most interest to the nodes involved.
Paleoflood records from sinkholes using an example from the Ebro River floodplain, northeastern Spain
Authors: Gutiérrez Francisco , Zarroca Mario , Castañeda Carmen , Carbonel Domingo , Guerrero Jesús , Linares Rogelio , Roqué Carles , Lucha Pedro 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis work introduces for the first time the concept of using sinkholes in fluvial valleys as recorders of past floods. The notion is illustrated through the investigation of a complex sinkhole located in a broad floodplain underlain by salt-bearing Cenozoic evaporites. This active sinkhole comprises a large subsidence depression affecting the floodplain and the edge of a terrace, and a nested collapse sinkhole that used to host a sinkhole pond. A borehole drilled in the buried sinkhole pond revealed an ~7.8-m-thick fill that records around 2700 yr of clayey lacustrine deposition interrupted by three types of detrital facies. Two thick pebble gravel beds have been attributed to major high-competence floods: a paleoflood that occurred in Visigothic times (1537–1311 cal yr BP) and the 1961 Great Ebro River Flood, which is the largest event of the instrumental record. A trench dug in the portion of the terrace affected by subsidence exposed a mid-Holocene slack-water paleoflood deposit. The disadvantages and advantages of sinkholes as archives of past flood histories are discussed.
MODELLING CANOPY RESISTANCE FOR ESTIMATING LATENT HEAT FLUX AT A TEA FIELD IN SOUTH CHINA
Authors: YAN HAOFANG , ZHANG CHUAN , PENG GUANGJIE , DARKO RANSFORD OPOKU , CAI BIN 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYDetermination of canopy resistance (rc) is necessary for accurate estimating hourly latent heat flux (LET), using the Penman–Monteith (PM) model for tea crop. In this study, a non-linear relationship between rc and climatic resistance (r*) was obtained for tea plants based on micro-meteorological data and LET from the end of 2014 to the beginning of 2016 in southern China. The proposed rc model was integrated to the PM method and compared with measured LET using a Bowen ratio energy balance method. The root mean square error (RMSE) and the index of agreement (d) were calculated for assessing the accuracy of the proposed rc model. RMSE and d values for rc and LET were 167.4 s m−1 and 29.7 W m−2 and 0.93 and 0.99, respectively. As compared to data from a single season, the rc sub-model based on data from different seasons was more reliable for estimating LET of tea field when integrated to the PM model.
The science of sensual pleasure according to a Buddhist monk: Ju Mipam's contribution tokāmaśāstraliterature in Tibet
Authors: Jacoby Sarah H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOf all the myriad aspects of Indian learning to be incorporated into Tibetan Buddhist scholarship, one of the least likely would seem to be the Indian science of sensual pleasure,kāmaśāstra. Even so, we do find traces of Sanskritkāmaśāstratransposed into Tibetan Buddhist idiom. The most innovative example is theTreatise on Passion(’Dod pa'i bstan bcos) written by Ju Mipam Jamyang Namgyel Gyatso (1846–1912). This article investigates the reasons why the polymath monastic scholar Ju Mipam includedkāmaśāstrain his expansive literary output, as well as his sources and influences for doing so. It argues that Mipam's work builds on an intertextuality already apparent in late medieval Sanskrit tantric and kāmaśāstric works, but one that took on new importance in the context of the non-biased outlook (Tib.ris med) that characterized Ju Mipam's nineteenth-century eastern Tibetan milieu.
ASSESSMENT OF UNIVERSAL NEWBORN HEARING SCREENING AND INTERVENTION IN SHANGHAI, CHINA
Authors: Chen Xiuzhi , Yuan Min , Lu Jun , Zhang Qi , Sun Mei , Chang Fengshui 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) and intervention program in Shanghai, China.Methods:This study included the quantitative analyses of the UNHS-Shanghai database in 2002–12 and qualitative assessment of the program. The Otoacoustic Emissions and the Automated Auditory Brainstem Evoked Responses tests were conducted in screening. The costs and benefits were calculated based on the number of participants in each stage. The short-term and long-term periods were defined as from birth to 15 years of age or to death (82-year-olds), respectively. Sensitivity analyses were conducted.Results:A total 1,574,380 newborns were included, representing 93.6 percent of all eligible babies in Shanghai during the study period. The prevalence of newborn hearing loss was 1.66‰. The short-term/long-term program costs were ¥488.5 million (US$75.52 million)/¥1.08 billion (US$167.12 million), and the short-term/long-term program benefit was ¥980.1 million (US$151.53 million)/¥8.13 billion (US$1.26 billion). The program benefit was greater than its cost if the proportion of hearing-loss children enrolled in regular schools was no less than 41.4 percent of all hearing impaired children, as well as if the wage growth rate ranged from 3 percent to 8 percent. Qualitative results also suggested that stakeholders strongly supported this program.Conclusions:The universal newborn hearing screening and intervention program in Shanghai is justified in terms of the resource input in the long run, although there is still room for further improvement with respect to educational rehabilitation and a better infrastructure system.
Selfing and pollen allocation in some Asteraceae
Authors: Heyn C. C. , Snir S. 
Published: June 2017

SynopsisSenecio vernalis and Calendula arvensis (Asteraceae) are two annuals which grow together in mixed populations and flower in Israel soon after the first winter rains. They were found to be potential selfers, without a self-incompatibility system. The average pollen production per floret and per flowering head was compared with the percentage of pollen with a known function or allocation: pollen grains deposited on stigmas, grains remaining in wilted florets, and non-viable pollen—overall totals of 24% in S. vernalis, 36% in C. arvensis. The remaining pollen (76% & 64%) is distributed according to fluctuating ecological factors, biotic (insects, etc.) and abiotic (rain, wind etc.). The outbreeding potential was assessed by study of the flowering phenology of florets and heads and the behaviour of pollinating insects, mainly flies. Considerable differences were found between the two species in most parameters. In both, especially C. arvensis, the probability of foreign pollen (i.e. pollen not from the same head) reaching the stigmas is very small. Pollenovule ratios for heads were found to be comparatively higher than those recorded for flowers with a similar rate of outbreeding. The efficiency of pollen transfer in the capitulum of the Asteraceae and the large investment in pollen are discussed.
Auditory–visual speech perception in three- and four-year-olds and its relationship to perceptual attunement and receptive vocabulary
Authors: ERDENER DOĞU , BURNHAM DENIS 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDespite the body of research on auditory–visual speech perception in infants and schoolchildren, development in the early childhood period remains relatively uncharted. In this study, English-speaking children between three and four years of age were investigated for: (i) the development of visual speech perception – lip-reading and visual influence in auditory–visual integration; (ii) the development of auditory speech perception and native language perceptual attunement; and (iii) the relationship between these and a language skill relevant at this age, receptive vocabulary. Visual speech perception skills improved even over this relatively short time period. However, regression analyses revealed that vocabulary was predicted by auditory-only speech perception, and native language attunement, but not by visual speech perception ability. The results suggest that, in contrast to infants and schoolchildren, in three- to four-year-olds the relationship between speech perception and language ability is based on auditory and not visual or auditory–visual speech perception ability. Adding these results to existing findings allows elaboration of a more complete account of the developmental course of auditory–visual speech perception.
Parenting a child at home with hypoplastic left heart syndrome: experiences of commitment, of stress, and of love
Authors: Cantwell-Bartl Annie M. , Tibballs James 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the experiences of parenting a child with hypoplastic left heart syndrome after the child has been discharged home from hospital.DesignA study of the parents’ experiences using face-to-face interviews and psychometric measures with parents whose child had survived stage surgery.SettingParents were interviewed within the home environment or within the hospital if that was their choice.SubjectsA total of 29 parents (16 mothers and 13 fathers) of surviving children.InterventionA semi-structured face-to-face interview plus psychometric tests (parent demographics, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Impact on Family Scale, and the Psychological Check List – Civilian).Measurements and main resultsThe parents’ experience in supporting a child with hypoplastic left heart syndrome is one of stress, of commitment, and of love. Although parents experienced joy in their child, they were also subjected to anxiety with four parents test positive to post-traumatic stress disorder and hypervigilance while monitoring their child’s condition. Parents lived with many difficulties, and demands.
The Importance of Being Human
Authors: Diamond Cora 
Published: June 2017

I want to argue for the importance of the notion human being in ethics. Part I of the paper presents two different sorts of argument against treating that notion as important in ethics.A. Here is an example of the first sort of argument.What makes us human beings is that we have certain properties, but these properties, making us members of a certain biological species, have no moral relevance. If, on the other hand, we define being human in terms which are not tied to biological classification, if (for example) we treat as the properties which make us human the capacities for reasoning or for self-consciousness, then indeed those capacities may be morally relevant, but if they are morally significant at all, they are significant whether they are the properties of a being who is a member of our species or not. And so it would be better to use a word like ‘person’ to mean a being that has these properties, to bring out the fact that not all human beings have them and that non-human beings conceivably might have them.
Rotating alfalfa with dry bean as an alternative to corn-soybean rotations in organic systems in the Upper Midwest
Authors: Tautges Nicole , Flavin Claire , Michaels Thomas , Ehlke Nancy , Lamb John , Jungers Jacob , Sheaffer Craig 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) can be grown as a local food source and as an alternative to soybean (Glycine max) to diversify organic crop rotations. To understand the benefits of diversification of organic cropping systems, the effects of preceding alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and corn (Zea mays) crops on yields of five dry bean types and one soybean type, and the effect of bean type on following spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) yields, were tested at four Minnesota locations. Dry bean and soybean yields following alfalfa were 25% greater than yields following corn at two of four locations, though bean yields following corn were greater at one location. A preceding alfalfa crop benefited bean yields at locations where hog manure or no manure was applied to corn, whereas bean yields following corn fertilized with cow manure were similar to or greater than bean yields following alfalfa. Among dry bean types, black bean yielded similarly to soybean at three of four locations, but dark red kidney bean consistently yielded 25–65% lower than soybean. Navy, pinto and heirloom dry bean types yielded similarly to soybean at two of four locations. Across locations, weed biomass was 3–15 times greater in dry bean than in soybean and dry bean yield response to weed competition varied among bean types. However, dry bean, regardless of the preceding crop, demonstrated the potential to produce yields comparable with soybean in organic systems and the substitution of dry bean for soybean did not affect subsequent wheat yields. More studies are needed to identify nitrogen fertility dynamics in organic systems as they relate to dry bean yield.
Judging from Venus: A Response to Joost Pauwelyn
Authors: Marceau Gabrielle , Quinn Catherine , Hoyos Juan Pablo Moya 
Published: June 2017

In this short response, we offer some additional context to the appointment of government officials as World Trade Organization (WTO) panelists, some information on the role of the Secretariat and areas of cross-fertilization.The Involvement of Panel Members Working for GovernmentPauwelyn emphasizes that a significant proportion of WTO panel members have a substantial government background. His numbers indicate that for the period 1995-2014, 88 percent of WTO panelists had worked a minimum of “three years in government as diplomats, negotiators, bureaucrats, ministers and so on.” However, if we look at whether the panelists are employed by governments, either as diplomats or trade specialists, at the time of their appointment as WTO panelists, the figure changes dramatically: only about 50 percent of WTO panelists are employed in government at the time of their nomination. In accordance with Article 8.9 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU), the procedural rules applicable to WTO dispute settlement proceedings, panelists serve in their individual capacities and not as government representatives.