bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active restoration after three decades: Seed addition increases native dominance compared to landscape‐scale secondary succession
Authors: O'Reilly‐Nugent Andrew , Blumenthal Dana M. , Wandrag Elizabeth M. , Duncan Richard P. , Catford Jane A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Active restoration often aims to accelerate ecosystem recovery. However, active restoration may not be worthwhile if its effects are overwhelmed by changes that occur passively. Moreover, it can be challenging to separate the effects of passive processes, such as dispersal and natural succession, from active restoration efforts.

We assess the 24‐year impact of actively restoring a Minnesota old‐field grassland via seed addition of native tallgrass prairie species. We compared the abundance of four functional plant groups in actively restored plots against abundances in three reference classes: (1) unrestored plots undergoing passive recovery within the same old field, (2) passively recovering plots in two nearby old fields of similar age and (3) a chronosequence of 21 old fields within the same landscape.

Active restoration led to a higher abundance of native grasses and forbs in the 36 m2 treatment plots. Seed addition was more effective if the original vegetation was first removed using herbicide, burning and tilling. However, long‐term conclusions about the efficacy of active restoration varied widely depending on the choice of reference class.

In our small‐scale restoration experiment, native abundance was similarly high in both the actively restored and reference plots after 24 years, suggesting either (1) passive recovery or (2) local dispersal of native species from nearby treatment plots (i.e. cross‐contamination). In contrast, a comparison with two nearby reference fields suggested active restoration resulted in much higher native abundance relative to passive recovery. A smaller, positive effect was detected when we compared actively restored plots to the chronosequence of old fields. In the chronosequence, many passively recovering old fields had transitioned to native grass dominance naturally, although active restoration appeared to increase native forb abundance.

Synthesis and applications: Our findings highlight the importance of using scale‐appropriate references for assessing the efficacy and need for active restoration. Comparing actively restored plots with the surrounding landscape, we found that active restoration and passive recovery led to similar plant communities after 24 years. Because local dispersal from actively restored sites can nearby references, caution should be exercised when evaluating long‐term restoration projects using only small‐scale experiments.
Frozen dough steamed products: Deterioration mechanism, processing technology, and improvement strategies
Authors: Zhang Meng‐Li , Guo Xiao‐Na , Sun Xiao‐Hong , Zhu Ke‐Xue 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFresh dough products lead to instability in product quality, high production costs, and more production time, which seriously affects the industrial production of the food industry. The frozen dough technology mitigates the problems of short shelf‐life and easy deterioration of quality during storage and transportation. It has shown a series of advantages in large‐scale industrialization, high‐quality standardization, and chain operation. However, the further development of frozen dough is restricted by the deterioration of the main components (gluten, starch, and yeast) caused by freezing. This review summarizes the main production process of frozen steamed bread and buns, and the deterioration reasons for the main component of frozen dough. The improvement mechanisms of raw ingredients, processing technology, processing equipment, and additives on frozen dough quality were analyzed from the perspective of improving gluten network integrity and yeast freeze tolerance. From prefermented frozen raw to steamed products without thawing has become the preferred production process to improve production efficiency. Wheat flour mixed with other flour can maintain the gluten network continuity of frozen dough. The freeze tolerance of yeast was improved by treatment with yeast suspension, yeast cell encapsulation, screening hybridization, and genetic engineering. Process optimization and new technology‐assisted fermentation and freezing effectively reduce freezing damage. Various additives improve the freeze resistance of the gluten‐starch matrix by promoting protein cross‐linking and inhibiting water migration. In addition, ice structural proteins and ice nucleating agents have been proven to change the growth morphology and formation temperature of ice crystals. More new technologies and additive synergies need to be further explored.
Indirect costs assessment and intangible costs description of rheumatoid arthritis patients with biological therapy in Morocco: ECORAM Study
Authors: Zarrik Hanae , Hassani Abha Cherkani , Rkain Hanane , Allali Fadoua , Bahiri Rachid , Ahid Samir 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe aims of study are to estimate the indirect costs and intangible costs of RA in Morocco and to identify the factors likely to influence these costs among suffering patients.MethodsIn the current study, data were collected by face‐to‐face interviews using a questionnaire in addition to the patient's files. Indirect costs including productivity losses and formal care, and intangible costs such as the cessation of physical and leisure activities, family care and divorce or remaining single until menopause's age for women due to the disease were reported for 110 RA patients.ResultsThe results show that among patients who lost totally or partially their salary, the annual average costs is $2337.73 ± 1649.80 per patient, with a minimum and a maximum of $600 and $9630 respectively. As regards formal care, only 13 patients reported that they paid for care services; the annual average cost was $421.84 ± 261.34 with a minimum of $252 and a maximum of $1200. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between annual lost salary and gender (p = .04) disease duration (p = .016) and sport/leisure activities cessation (p = .08).ConclusionBesides the burden in terms of productivity loss and caregivers' costs, the intangible costs are considerable, especially those related to divorce and spinsterhood. These conclusions may contribute to the understanding of the socio‐economic impact of the disease and to the development of strategies for better governance of RA in Morocco.
Does increased monitoring enhance the credibility of financial reports? Evidence of auditing semi‐annual financial statements
Authors: Hsiao Hui‐Yu , Liu Wu‐Po , Wu Szu‐Jung 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDue to several financial scandals of Taiwan‐listed foreign firms (known as KY firms), the Taiwan Financial Supervisory Commission requires KY firms to disclose audited semi‐annual financial statements, which were reviewed before. Using the event study, we find higher cumulative abnormal returns for KY firms around the regulation announcement, suggesting the market's positive attitude towards the increase in the assurance level of semi‐annual financial statements. In addition, we apply a difference‐in‐differences test and find the improvement in earnings response coefficients, showing the market's increased perception of audit quality. Our findings should be of interest to regulators, practitioners, and researchers.
Alcohol use as a predictor of intimate partner violence in emerging adulthood: A dyadic daily diary investigation
Authors: Shorey Ryan C. , Dunsiger Shira I. , Stuart Gregory L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsNumerous studies have demonstrated that alcohol preceded and increased the odds of intimate partner violence (IPV). These prior studies were restricted to one dyad member despite theory suggesting that acute alcohol use by both partners should increase the risk for IPV to a greater degree than when only one partner drinks. We hypothesized that alcohol use by both dyad members, relative to one or no dyad members, would proximally precede and increase the odds of IPV perpetration and victimization.DesignA 60‐day daily diary design was used, where both dyad members of dating couples completed independent reports on IPV perpetration/victimization and alcohol use via a secure survey website.Setting and ParticipantsAlcohol using college‐student couples, aged 18–25 (n = 181 couples), from a Midwestern university in the United States participated. A convenience sample strategy was used.MeasurementsDaily surveys asked about alcohol use and IPV perpetration and victimization the prior day, including whether alcohol use preceded or followed IPV. The primary outcome was psychological IPV; secondary outcomes were physical and sexual IPV.FindingsLongitudinal random effects models suggested statistically significant associations between drinking behavior and IPV outcomes. The odds of psychological IPV perpetration were higher when both partners were drinking relative to one partner drinking [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06–1.99]. Exploratory analyses showed some indication that the odds of physical IPV victimization were higher when both partners were drinking relative to one partner drinking (aOR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.71–4.21).ConclusionsThe risk for intimate partner violence appears to be greater when both partners drink, relative to one partner or neither partner.
Associations between dual‐task walking and cognitive impairment in people attending a cognitive diagnostic clinic
Authors: Callisaya Michele L. , Piguet Olivier , Munroe Melinda , De Araújo Rodrigo C. , O'Bree Bridget , Srikanth Velandai K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesDual‐task walking performance is an early marker of dementia. However, there is uncertainty about which measure of the dual‐task test is a better marker. The objective of this study was to determine which dual‐task measure best differentiates between normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.MethodsParticipants (n = 116) were aged ≥60 years attending a cognitive clinic in Melbourne, Australia. Single‐ and dual‐task gait speed were obtained using a 16 metre distance and stopwatch. The cognitive task involved reciting alternate letters of the alphabet sitting and walking. Dual‐task interference in gait and cognition was calculated as: single‐task‐dual‐task/single task × 100 and summed to obtain total interference. Multiple linear regression was used to determine differences in single and dual‐task measures between those with no cognitive impairment (n = 11), MCI (n = 54) and dementia (n = 51).ResultsThe mean age of the sample was 76.9 (SD 6.4) years and 48.3% (n = 56) were female. Compared to those with dementia: (a) those with MCI had a higher dual‐task letter rate and lower cognitive and total interference (all indicate better performance) (p < .05) and (b) those with no cognitive impairment had a higher single‐ and dual‐task letter rate (both indicate better performance) (p < .05). There were no differences between those with no cognitive impairment and those with MCI (all p > .05).ConclusionsIn a cognitive clinic, measurement during dual‐task walking differentiated those with dementia from those with MCI or no cognitive impairment. However, differences appear to be driven by performance on the cognitive, rather than the gait task.
The disease burden of untreated chronic otitis media in Indigenous children from remote communities does not improve over time. A longitudinal study
Authors: Watson Abigail C. , Voyvodic Benjamin , Woods Charmaine , Sanchez Linnett , Carney A. Simon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn Australia, middle ear disease disproportionately affects Indigenous children, leading to poor hearing outcomes. This study aimed to determine the natural history of untreated chronic otitis media in Indigenous children in remote South Australia.MethodsBaseline and 3 year follow‐up data was collected from Indigenous children aged 5–18 years living on the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands. 4‐frequency pure‐tone audiometry was used to determine hearing levels. Middle ear pathology was determined by video‐otoscopy with tympanometry and classified at baseline as group 1 (normal), group 2 (abnormal with intact tympanic membrane), or group 3 (perforated tympanic membrane).ResultsA total of 253 children were included in this study. Children in group 1 (20.6 ± 1.5 dBHL; Mean ± SD) had significantly better hearing outcomes at 3 year follow‐up than children with abnormal ears (groups 2 and 3) (23.8 ± 7.0 dBHL), P < 0.001. The difference was greatest for group 1 versus 3 (27.6 ± 8.4 dBHL), P < 0.001, followed by 1 versus 2 (22.4 ± 5.8 dBHL), P = 0.009, and between 2 (22.4 ± 5.8 dBHL) and 3 (27.6 ± 8.4 dBHL), P < 0.001.ConclusionHearing in Indigenous children with untreated middle ear pathology remains poor at follow‐up compared to those without pathology. Intervention is therefore critical to prevent persisting poor hearing outcomes.
Resolution versus persistence of childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome—A population‐based study
Authors: Gurevich Evgenia , Abeles Odeyah , Landau Daniel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo determine the duration of relapsing childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS).MethodsIn this population‐based study, we retrospectively analysed the computerised database of Israel's largest health maintenance organisation. Children (age 2–10 years) with a new INS diagnosis and a corticosteroid (CS) prescription between 2000 and 2010 were included. NS category was determined, according to CS and/or steroid‐sparing agents (SSA) purchases.ResultsOut of 1 669 977 eligible children, 608 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Patients in the fourth quartile of purchases (n = 132) had an older age at last relapse (17.9 ± 6.3 vs. 11.3 ± 5.9 years, p < 0.001) and more SSA use (78.8% vs. 20%, p < 0.001) compared to the remaining three quartiles. A single episode occurred in 84 patients. Of the remaining 524 patients (males 66%, diagnosis age: 4.8 ± 2.2 years, SSA prescribed: 35%) who were followed for 15.5 ± 5.1 years, 113 (21.6%) had a continuing disease at an age of 19.3 ± 6.3 years. The leftover 411 entered long‐lasting treatment‐free remission at age 11.2 ± 5.7 years.ConclusionIn this multicentre study, we identified INS disease course by medication delivery. NS long‐standing remission occurs at age 11.2 ± 5.7 years in most cases. However, the disease continues into adulthood in a fifth of the relapsing patients, implicating the need for proper transition to adult care.
Stability of subjective well‐being during the economic crisis: A four‐wave latent transition analysis in a national sample of Poles
Authors: Rzeszutek Marcin , Czerwonka Monika , Stasiak Adrianna , Drabarek Katarzyna , Van Hoy Angelika , Pięta‐Lendzion Małgorzata , Gruszczyńska Ewa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to examine profiles of subjective well‐being (SWB) and their stability during the economic hardships associated with the long‐term impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Selected sociodemographic, personality, and context‐related variables were tested as covariates. Data were collected from 1755 participants (mean age 45.75 ± 15.99 years) in a nationwide panel over four waves (from November 2022 to June 2023; 34.3% dropout rate). SWB was measured using the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, while personality traits were assessed with the Ten‐Item Personality Inventory. Latent profile and transition analyses identified four SWB profiles (ambivalent, average, low, high) that remained stable over 8 months despite a significant drop in the inflation rate. Subjectively evaluated financial situation and the perceived impact of inflation on the household were significant covariates of profile membership, even after controlling for personality traits. The results of this study support the set‐point theory of SWB and suggest that SWB is stable under socially shared circumstances of economic hardships, which may be attributed to both individual‐level and country‐level processes.
Editorial: Re‐Evaluating Early Surgery in Ileocaecal Crohn's Disease. Author's Reply
Authors: Grellier Nathan , Kirchgesner Julien , Seksik Philippe 
Published: October 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Grellier et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18247 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18290.
The effect of apparent Police power at demonstrations against right‐wing populism on Protestors' resistance using a virtual reality experiment
Authors: Becker Julia C. , Hartwich Lea , Radke Helena R. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBased on the Elaborated Social Identity Model of Crowd Behaviour, we tested in two experiments whether a forceful display of police power increases perceptions of illegitimacy of the police and the formation of resistance among protestors. In the high power condition, the police were dressed in riot gear (with helmets, armed with shields and batons). In the low power condition, the police were dressed in regular uniforms. In both studies, people participated in a demonstration against right‐wing populism using a virtual reality setting and were either stopped by the police in riot gear or by the police in regular uniforms. The results of Study 1 (N = 155) show that the police in riot gear were evaluated as more illegitimate compared to the police in normal clothing. The results of Study 2 (N = 97) replicated this finding and illustrated that police in riot gear (compared to regular uniforms) increased protestors' intentions to engage in direct resistance against the police. This effect was mediated by perceptions of illegitimacy and anger directed at the police. Furthermore, weakly identified protestors were particularly affected by the display of power and were more likely to engage in anti‐police resistance and collective action. Implications are discussed.
Knowledge and Misconceptions About the Causes of Disabilities and Functioning in Children and Preadolescents: Mixed‐Models Analyses
Authors: Ginevra Maria Cristina , Donati Maria Anna , Valbusa Isabella , Primi Caterina , Santilli Sara , Nota Laura 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAccurate knowledge of disabilities is connected to social acceptance and a high chance of initiating and facilitating meaningful social interactions with students with disabilities. The present study investigated the effect of type of disability and school grade level on knowledge of the causes of four disabilities (i.e., hearing, visual, motor and intellectual), misconceptions about the causes of these disabilities and knowledge of the functioning of peers with disabilities.MethodsA sample of 868 Italian students (Mage = 9.92, SD = 2.33; school grade levels 1–8; 436 boys and 432 girls) was interviewed about their knowledge of causes of four disabilities, potential misconceptions and the knowledge of functioning of peers with disabilities. Mixed‐effects models were applied with the GAMLj module of the JAMOVI statistical platform. The effects of type of disability and school grade level and their interaction were estimated as fixed effects, and gender was introduced as a control variable.ResultsMixed‐model analyses found a main effect of type of disability for knowledge and misconceptions about the causes of disabilities and knowledge of the functioning of peers with disabilities. A main effect for school grade level was also found, showing a progressive growth trend in knowledge of the causes of disabilities and of the functioning of peers with disabilities and a decrease in misconceptions with the increase in school grade levels. Lastly, a significant interaction effect of Type of Disability × School Grade Level was found for knowledge and misconceptions about the causes of disabilities, suggesting that the effect of school grade level varied across the type of disability.ConclusionOverall, the study found that children and preadolescents have a rudimentary and limited understanding of disabilities, suggesting the necessity for a specific formal education about disabilities during the school years for children and preadolescents.
Maternal Thyroid Function and Biochemical Markers of Placental Function in Early Pregnancy
Authors: Lundgaard Maja H. , Sinding Marianne M. , Sørensen Anne N. , Torp Nanna M. U. , Handberg Aase , Andersen Stig , Andersen Stine L. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveA link between maternal thyroid function and the placental biomarkers, soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) and placental growth factor (PlGF), has been brought forward. This study aimed to describe their association in early pregnancy.DesignRetrospective cohort study.ParticipantsEight hundred and fifty‐eight pregnant women from the North Denmark Region, 2013, with blood samples drawn in early pregnancy.MeasurementsThyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroid‐peroxidase antibodies (TPO‐Ab), thyroglobulin antibodies (Tg‐Ab) (ADVIA Centaur XPT, Siemens Healthineers), sFlt‐1 and PlGF (Kryptor Compact, ThermoFisher Scientific) were measured. The association between maternal TSH and fT4 and percentile (pc) levels of sFlt‐1 and PlGF (< 25th pc, 25–75th pc, > 75th pc) was evaluated using regression analysis and reported as adjusted beta coefficient (aβ). The frequency of maternal thyroid autoantibodies (TPO‐Ab > 60 U/mL or Tg‐Ab > 33 U/mL) by pc levels of sFlt‐1 and PlGF was compared using chi‐squared test.ResultsHigher levels (> 75th pc) of sFlt‐1 associated with lower TSH (aβ 0.62, 95% CI: 0.51–0.76) and higher fT4 (aβ 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05). Higher levels of PlGF associated with lower TSH (aβ 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69–0.98), but not with levels of fT4 (aβ 1.00, 95% CI: 0.97–1.02). No association with maternal thyroid autoantibodies was found (TPO‐Ab: sFlt‐1: p‐value 0.5 and PlGF: p‐value 0.1; Tg‐Ab: sFlt‐1: p‐value 0.7 and PlGF: p‐value 0.1).ConclusionsIn a large cohort of Danish pregnant women, higher levels of sFlt‐1 and PlGF associated with maternal thyroid function in early pregnancy, while there was no association with maternal thyroid autoantibodies.