bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Your story matters’: the affective and relational work of teachers in sites of poverty and trauma
Authors: Garrett Robyne 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile teachers work is increasingly constrained by a focus on quantifiable measures and accountability, the persistent underachievement of students from disadvantaged backgrounds is an ongoing and unsolved problem. There is increasing expectation for schools to take responsibility for the social-emotional as well as intellectual capabilities of students. However there has been little exploration into the complexities of teaching in low socio-economic and vulnerable communities. In this paper, I explore the experiences, thoughts and perceptions of teachers who work with complex student cohorts in disadvantaged settings. My interest extends to the affective and relational dimensions of their work. Drawing from two research projects conducted in areas marked by poverty, the paper utilises segments of interviews to illustrate the deeply embodied and sensory and aspects of teachers’ relational practice. In presenting their perspectives and experiences I tell the story of their complex work as well as what ‘comes to matter’ in schools and classrooms where trauma and adversity are ever-present.
‘It makes you feel like you’re at home, you’re safe, you’re happy in here’: Enacting culturally responsive and enabling pedagogies with refugee students in a university pathway program
Authors: Bilic Snjezana , Hetz Heidi , Allain Dashielle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStudents from refugee backgrounds (thereafter ‘refugee students’) are entering Australian universities in increasing numbers, often via university pathway programs (enabling programs), contributing to the superdiversity in higher education institutions. A growing body of literature acknowledges the academic and socio-cultural challenges faced by these students in higher education. This article draws on the narratives, gained through interviews and focus groups, of 10 refugee students and 15 academic and peer support staff within an enabling program at one Australian university. This study explored the pedagogical approaches used by staff in their teaching and the support offered, and how these approaches were perceived by the refugee students. Academic and peer support staff promoted the use of enabling pedagogies and culturally responsive pedagogies as effective teaching approaches for these students. In line with these pedagogical approaches, we argue that the educational achievements of refugee students can be enhanced when academic and peer support staff are responsive to the educational and socio-cultural experiences of their students in both enabling programs and the wider university.
Hypecotumines A-D, new isoquinoline alkaloids with potential PCSK9 inhibition activity from Hypecoum erectum L.
Authors: Wei Yinling , Wen Hongyan , Yang Lian , Zhang Bodou , Li Xiaoyu , Li Sheng , Dong Jing , Liang Zhenzhen , Zhang Yu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFour new isoquinoline alkaloids, hypecotumines A-D (1–4), were isolated and identified from the whole herbs of Hypecoum erectum L. Their structures were determined by a combination of HRESIMS, NMR, and X-ray diffraction analysis methods. Compounds 1–4 were characterized by a terminal double bond at C-9 and their plausible biosynthetic pathway was hypothesized. Since PCSK9 plays a key role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), exploration of PCSK inhibitors from natural products are beneficial for drug discovery of CVD treatment. SPR and Western blot assays showed compound 4 had PCSK9 inhibition activity with KD value of 59.9 µM and thus elevated the LDLR level. Further molecular docking studies demonstrated that 4 and PCSK9 could form stable interactions via key hydrogen bonds.
Graphical Abstract
What Explains Teachers’ Trust in AI in Education Across Six Countries?
Authors: Viberg Olga , Cukurova Mutlu , Feldman-Maggor Yael , Alexandron Giora , Shirai Shizuka , Kanemune Susumu , Wasson Barbara , Tømte Cathrine , Spikol Daniel , Milrad Marcelo , Coelho Raquel , Kizilcec René F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith growing expectations to use AI-based educational technology (AI-EdTech) to improve students’ learning outcomes and enrich teaching practice, teachers play a central role in the adoption of AI-EdTech in classrooms. Teachers’ willingness to accept vulnerability by integrating technology into their everyday teaching practice, that is, their trust in AI-EdTech, will depend on how much they expect it to benefit them versus how many concerns it raises for them. In this study, we surveyed 508 K-12 teachers across six countries on four continents to understand which teacher characteristics shape teachers’ trust in AI-EdTech, and its proposed antecedents, perceived benefits and concerns about AI-EdTech. We examined a comprehensive set of characteristics including demographic and professional characteristics (age, gender, subject, years of experience, etc.), cultural values (Hofstede’s cultural dimensions), geographic locations (Brazil, Israel, Japan, Norway, Sweden, USA), and psychological factors (self-efficacy and understanding). Using multiple regression analysis, we found that teachers with higher AI-EdTech self-efficacy and AI understanding perceive more benefits, fewer concerns, and report more trust in AI-EdTech. We also found geographic and cultural differences in teachers’ trust in AI-EdTech, but no demographic differences emerged based on their age, gender, or level of education. The findings provide a comprehensive, international account of factors associated with teachers’ trust in AI-EdTech. Efforts to raise teachers’ understanding of, and trust in AI-EdTech, while considering their cultural values are encouraged to support its adoption in K-12 education.
Digital Light Processing Followed by Pressureless Sintering of Metal-Reinforced Ceramics: Adjustment of Process Parameters and Correlation with Composites Properties
Authors: Tanska Joanna , Wieclaw-Midor Anna , Misiukiewicz Jakub , Falkowski Pawel , Zygmuntowicz Justyna , Bulejak Weronika , Wiecinska Paulina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDigital light processing (DLP) belongs to additive manufacturing techniques and is frequently used in shaping ceramics. The paper concerns the adjustment of the DLP method to metal-reinforced ceramics, especially dispersions containing high concentrations of Al2O3 (45 vol%) and molybdenum or nickel particles (0.5 vol%). Different glycol acrylates, deflocculants (polyelectrolytes and diammonium hydrogen citrate), and photoinitiators (Omnirad group) were examined regarding their influence on the rheological properties of the dispersions and the cure depth under the external halide UV lamp and LED projector built into the 3D printer. In the examined systems, the cationic polyelectrolyte KD1 dissolved in 2-butanone allowed to obtain dispersions of the lowest viscosity. Printing parameters (light exposure time, single layer height) were matched, and the properties of the materials were examined. The Vickers hardness of the sintered bodies equalled 19.4 GPa, 14.5 GPa and 17.3 GPa for Al2O3, Al2O3-Ni and Al2O3-Mo samples, respectively. The microstructure was analyzed using SEM, followed by EDS and XRD. The addition of only 0.5 vol% of Ni has improved the fracture toughness of alumina by up to 36–40% (according to Niihara and Anstis equations). The exemplary objects in the form of cog wheels were printed and densified at 1550 °C in a reductive atmosphere of Ar/H2.
Corruption, Economic Growth, and Non-performing Loans in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Empirical Analysis (2011–2019)
Authors: Akuoko-Konadu Emmanuel , Mahmud Anyars 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study explores the impact of corruption and economic growth on non-performing loans (NPLs) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) after the global financial crisis. We use the Arellano-Bond Generalized Method of Moments dynamic panel estimation procedure on 493 banks from 31 Sub-Saharan African countries from 2011 to 2019. We find that corruption and economic growth have significantly positively and negatively influenced NPLs in SSA, respectively. We further investigate how corruption affects NPLs and observe that bank size and NPLs have a positive relationship. Simultaneously, well-capitalized banks and the effectiveness of the judicial system reduce the level of NPLs. The study's uniqueness lies in evaluating the impact of corruption on NPLs at the sub-regional level. The results reveal how corruption has not significantly affected Central and Southern African banks' NPLs but vice versa in West and Eastern Africa. The study concludes that NPLs are a dead weight loss to society. The results confirm how anti-corruption campaigns, improvements in judicial regulation, and sustained economic growth can help mitigate non-performing loans. Furthermore, policy implications such as enhancing institutional quality and implementing growth-sustaining measures have been suggested.
Children’s Guerrilla Play and Dirt Jumps: Parkland as Contested Space During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Australia
Authors: Bessant Judith , O’Keeffe Patrick , Watts Rob 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn 2020-21 the Victorian state government in Australia imposed 262 days of sustained lockdown on Melbourne’s population in a bid to contain the COVID pandemic. These lockdowns, among the longest in the world, affected young people especially. Children were subjected to months of curfews, home schooling using digital platforms and severe travel. Nonetheless some children engaged repeatedly in autonomous and well co-ordinated efforts to construct dirt jumps and ride their bikes in urban public parklands in eastern Melbourne. This article is mindful of a long tradition of scholarly work tracing the ways young people have used public space, and contested ‘adultist’ representations of them and regulations affecting the use of public space. We address three questions: Why and how did children design, construct and use dirt bike jumps during the COVID pandemic in public parklands? How did Victorian local councils and others like police, older residents and mainstream media respond to children’s construction of DIY dirt jumps? How were these spontaneous DIY dirt jumps understood by Victorian local councils? Adopting a composite case study method and employing a relational perspective, we draw on images, participant observation, field notes, documents and webpage analysis to answer the research questions. We document how children used urban parklands to hang out, to onstruct and use bike jumps during the lockdowns. We show how they challenged adult representations of themselves and public space which depicted their bike riding and the jump making as anti-social and illegal. Meanwhile local governments continued through the COVID-19 pandemic to proclaim the value of ‘youth participation.’ When that youth participation involved young people initiating and managing projects themselves, their conduct was deemed unlawful as councils continued denying them any meaningful opportunities to exercise autonomy, or have say in important policy decisions. In the final section of the article say why providing insider accounts of what happens is useful for good policy-making and professional practice.
Exploring Differences in Leadership Behaviors and in the Perceived Work Environment Between Younger and Older Managers in a Swedish Mining Company
Authors: Lööw Joel , Vinberg Stig , Johansson Jan , Jakobsson Mats , Mattson Molnar Malin , Larsson Johan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study examines differences in leadership behaviors and in the perceived work environment between older and younger managers in a large Swedish mining company. The leadership behaviors and work environment of young managers in the mining industry will become more important in the future due to the changes taking place in the industry. Such changes include the older generation of managers reaching retirement age, while the industry generally finds it difficult to recruit a younger generation of employees. Moreover, rapid technology-centered transition, such as the green transition of the mining industry, is underway which may put young managers in particular under pressure. Meanwhile, research on young managers in the mining industry more broadly is sparse. Data for this study was mainly gathered via a questionnaire, complemented by data from interviews. The questionnaire included 48 validated self-rate questions on background variables, social and organizational working conditions, health, and leadership behavior. The survey was answered by 216 managers (response rate: 63%). Interviews were carried out with ten young managers (35 years or younger). The study found no statistically significant differences between younger and older managers with regards to workload, working hours, health, and work satisfaction. We found that older managers rate themselves higher, at a statistically significant level, for change-oriented leadership behaviors. However, when age is analyzed together with other variables that are significantly different between the two groups, only managerial experience and managerial positions show statistically significant associations with change-oriented and healthy and effective leadership behaviors. The interviews indicate that the young managers encounter challenges that are related to their experience and training, but few are related to their age. Given the influence of managerial experience on leadership behaviors, leadership training appears to be an important area of intervention, and conditions must be improved to enable change-oriented leadership among managers in the mining industry, with a greater focus on young managers.
Climate-induced risk assessment of the quarantine room in a University Library
Authors: Boccacci Giulia , Frasca Francesca , Bertolin Chiara , Chimenti Claudio , Lund Erlend , Saeter Tonje Dahlin , Siani Anna Maria 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Microclimate conditions in conservation spaces such as museums, galleries, storages, archives, and libraries significantly impact the preservation of cultural materials, potentially leading to permanent damage. This study focuses on quarantine rooms, essential for isolating and inspecting incoming collections for infestations or contamination. Despite their importance, systematic microclimate investigations in such spaces have not been conducted until now. In this research, temperature and relative humidity monitoring has been conducted over the past 3 years (i.e., 2021-2022-2023) within the quarantine room of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) University Library (located within the DORA I concrete bunker, Trondheim, Norway). Data analysis revealed stable indoor conditions due to the buffering capacity of the massive building envelope together with climate control system. Specific metrics for the estimation of climate-induced chemical and biological risks on vulnerable artifacts were applied to compute the percentage of time for which thermohygrometric conditions could favour cellulose hydrolysis and biodeteriogens proliferation on a yearly basis. In this way, the study provided a decision-making tool useful to evaluate the best time (in terms of safest temperature and relative humidity conditions) when to introduce incoming collections into the quarantine room, depending on the material they are made of and on the timeframe selected for their isolation.
Circular Consumption in Everyday Life: Drawing Insights into the Creation of a Circular City
Authors: Tiensuu Akseli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough individual consumption is the biggest contributor to cities’ carbon footprints, the link between personal actions and building a circular city remains narrowly researched. Similarly, the implications of the circular economy in individuals’’ everyday lives are not yet well known. This study bridges these research gaps by examining the impacts of circular consumption on urban neighborhood inhabitants’ everyday lives and by considering the relationship between individual consumption and the creation of a circular city. This qualitative research relies on interviews conducted with inhabitants, companies and a school of Tammela neighborhood. Results derived from a directed content analysis suggest that circular consumption is an advisable instrument for living in accordance with environmental values and promotes economic inclusion for individuals. However, circular consumption requires more consumption work from consumers compared to linear consumption. In conclusion, at the city level mainstreaming circular consumption might be achieved with policies aiming at (a) increasing environmental awareness and teaching circular skills and (b) enhancing convenient circular systems of provision to attract people with various values to engage in circular consumption, while considering the amount of consumption work required by the consumer.
Stepwise methods for more nuanced adoption analysis: a case study of harvest and post-harvest mechanization in Bangladesh
Authors: Brown Brendan , Timsina Pragya , Sharma Akriti , Aravindakshan Sreejith , Krupnik Timothy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe adoption of agricultural harvest and post-harvest mechanization is crucial for addressing drudgery, food losses, climate vulnerability and food security. Despite considerable efforts by government and development partners to prioritize agricultural mechanization, labour-intensive manual (post-)harvest activities continue to dominate in Bangladeshi smallholder systems. Explorations of this has been limited by simplistic binary approaches that ignore the dynamic pathways to usage outcomes. Instead, we apply non-binary analytical methods to district representative data to highlight the value in moving beyond binary adoption analysis. Results highlight that a national (post-)harvest mechanisation rate of 74% is insufficient to capture the true adoption status, given substantial disparity exists across machinery and by district. Deeper exploration of temporal and spatial differences enable the identification of key trends that warrant further in-depth explorations, while only 46% satisfaction with extension systems highlights the need to re-evaluate key information exchange mechanisms. We conclude that there is a clear need for district and machinery specific policy arrangements if Bangladesh is to achieve (post-)harvest mechanisation objectives that aim to reduce food loses and enable greater food security nationwide.
Study of transient pressure and fluctuation characteristics in a centrifugal pump using the delayed detached-eddy simulation method
Authors: Zhao Wei , Wang Mengfei , Liang Bingchen , Zhao Leiming , Liu Qixin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study employed OpenFOAM, the delayed detached-eddy simulation (DDES) turbulence model, and structured grids to develop numerical models for three centrifugal pumps with twisted blades. The internal pressure field, velocity field, forces, and fluctuation characteristics of the centrifugal pumps are comprehensively analyzed under various operating conditions. The findings indicate that the pressure is relatively higher in the flow passages near the volute tongue and the outlet within the impeller. Regions of high relative velocity (slip velocity) are mainly found on the suction side of the blades, indicating that the design of the blade suction side affects the fluid outward slip performance. As the flow rate increases, the forces and force fluctuation amplitudes of each pump component also rise. Conversely, as the rotational speed increases, the force on the blades or impeller gradually increases while the fluctuation amplitude decreases. In the stationary domain, the force on the volute gradually decreases while the fluctuation amplitude of this force increases. The shape of the volute tongue influences the rate at which pressure inside the volute is converted to outlet pressure. The power spectral density (PSD) of pressure fluctuations is smallest at the nominal flow rate, displaying a clear and distinct axial frequency pattern without complex low-frequency fluctuations. Under low flow and high-speed conditions, the PSD at the axial frequency is relatively small, whereas the pressure PSD at other low frequencies is relatively large. This indicates instability in the flow under these conditions.
In-person prospective audit and feedback on an oncology ward: development of an immunocompromised antimicrobial stewardship program
Authors: Imlay Hannah , Greenlee Sage B. , Tritle Brandon J. , Fino Nora F. , Spivak Emily S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjective:To describe clinical syndromes, opportunities for antimicrobial optimization, and acceptance of recommendations made by an immunocompromised antimicrobial stewardship program performing in-person prospective audit and feedback (IPPAF) on inpatient oncology services.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:Three inpatient oncology services including patients with solid tumor malignancies in an academic cancer center.Patients:Hospitalized adults with oncologic malignancies receive antimicrobials for any indication.Methods:We reviewed all patients receiving antimicrobials on inpatient oncology services who were included in IPPAF and prospectively documented clinical syndromes represented, most common recommendations, and acceptance rate. We also examined the standardized antimicrobial administration ratio (SAAR) for oncology units over the study period.Results:Over 34 weeks, we performed 154 interventions for 138 patients. Metastatic malignancy was common (52%) and 90-day mortality was high (43%). Diagnostic uncertainty was common (33/154, 21%), as were cases of intra-abdominal pathology (30/154, 19%), pneumonia (25/154, 16%), and urinary tract infection (12/154, 8%). The most common recommendations were changes in duration (63/154, 41%) and stopping antimicrobials for syndromes determined to be noninfectious (29/154, 19%). Acceptance of interventions was high (77% overall) and several SAARs on the primary oncology unit significantly decreased after starting IPPAF.Conclusions:We identified numerous opportunities for antimicrobial optimization among solid tumor malignancy patients. Most clinical syndromes were ones also encountered frequently in non-oncology populations, but several were unique and represented opportunities for targeted education.
Multiple faces of labour market segmentation within the Turkish construction industry
Authors: Gultekin Derya , Hisarciklilar Mehtap , Yusufi Ferimah 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study explores labour market segmentation within the Turkish construction industry, in a developing country context characterised by refugee influxes and heightened earthquake risks. We apply statistical and regression analyses using 2002–2020 Household Labour Force Survey data to explore segmentation with a specific focus on payment, job type and social security enrolment. The findings reveal a segmented labour market where the progress in regular, permanent and registered employment in the 2000s failed to encompass most construction workers. Lower wages, and temporary and unregistered work are more common among the youngest and oldest workers, those with poor education and qualification levels, immigrants, and those employed by micro enterprises. The construction industry lags behind both manufacturing and services in terms of registered and permanent employment rates and average wages. The prevalence of workers in elementary jobs with little education highlights the ongoing challenge of ensuring a highly skilled workforce, while reconstruction activities in earthquake-prone zones and the demand for urban transformation in Türkiye are increasing. We argue that improvements in working conditions constitute an urgent restructuring component in the sector for elevating the status of construction jobs, addressing the shortage of skilled labour and ensuring a high-quality building stock that upholds the right to a secure life in Türkiye.