bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Afterword: spatialities of transnational lived citizenship
Authors: MARTIN LAUREN , PAASI ANSSI 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe articles collected here show how the terms transnational, everyday lives and citizenship inflect each other in different ways, depending on the site and context in question. In this afterword, we want to explore how these three terms change each other and the implications of ‘transnational lived citizenship ’. The articles mark out important theoretical arguments for conceptualizing the spatialities of transnational identity, migrant life and emotional citizenship.
Safety and efficacy of BAY 81‐8973 for surgery in previously treated patients with haemophilia A: results of the LEOPOLD clinical trial programme
Authors: Oldenburg J. , Windyga J. , Hampton K. , Lalezari S. , Tseneklidou‐Stoeter D. , Beckmann H. , Maas Enriquez M. 
Published: March 2016

IntroductionBAY 81‐8973 is a recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) with the same amino acid sequence as Bayer's sucrose‐formulated rFVIII (rFVIII‐FS) but manufactured with certain more advanced technologies.AimTo describe surgery outcomes with BAY 81‐8973 in the LEOPOLD trials.MethodsMale patients with severe haemophilia A and no inhibitors aged 12–65 years with ≥150 exposure days (EDs) to FVIII (LEOPOLD I and II), or aged ≤12 years with ≥50 EDs to FVIII (LEOPOLD Kids), received BAY 81‐8973 based on dosing recommendations for rFVIII‐FS according to surgical requirements. Haemostasis‐related complications, investigator/surgeon assessment of haemostasis, blood loss, need for transfusion and use of BAY 81‐8973 were determined.ResultsIn LEOPOLD I and II, 11 patients (mean age, 35.3 years) underwent 13 major surgeries. In LEOPOLD Kids, one patient (aged 6 years) underwent one major surgery. Thirty‐two adult and paediatric patients underwent 46 minor surgeries. Haemostasis was rated good or excellent in all major and minor surgeries. Blood loss during surgery did not exceed expected amounts; blood transfusions were required in three of the 14 major surgeries. For major surgeries in LEOPOLD I and II, patients received a presurgical 50‐IU kg−1 dose of BAY 81‐8973; median nominal dose on day of surgery was 7000 IU (107.5 IU kg−1). Total BAY 81‐8973 dose was 2500 IU (108.7 IU kg−1) on the day of the only major surgery in LEOPOLD Kids. No haemostasis‐related complications were reported.ConclusionsHaemostatic control with BAY 81‐8973 during all surgeries in the LEOPOLD trials was good or excellent, with no haemostasis‐related complications.
Associations of components of PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway with cancer stem cell markers and prognostic value of these biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Su Rujuan , Nan Haocheng , Guo Hui , Ruan Zhiping , Jiang Lili , Song Yuanyuan , Nan Kejun 
Published: March 2016

AimWe aimed to investigate the associations between components of the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PTEN/AKT/mTOR) pathway and liver cancer stem cell (LCSC) markers, including CD133, CD90, CD44, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), and to further evaluate the predictive values of these biomarkers for recurrence and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodProtein expressions and mRNA levels of PTEN and LCSC markers were determined in 110 HCC tissues and 98 adjacent non‐tumor tissues. Protein expressions of phosphorylated AKT (p‐AKT) and phosphorylated mTOR (p‐mTOR) were detected to evaluate the activation of the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway by using immunohistochemistry. Prognostic significance was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsLoss of PTEN expression was negatively correlated with positive expression of CD133, CD90, and EpCAM (P < 0.05). Positive expression of p‐AKT and p‐mTOR were positively associated with positive expression for CD133, CD90, and EpCAM (P < 0.05). By univariate and multivariate analysis, a higher level of α‐fetoprotein, loss of PTEN expression, and CD133‐positive, p‐AKT‐positive, p‐mTOR‐positive, and EpCAM‐positive signals were predictors for HCC recurrence, whereas advanced TNM stage, loss of PTEN expression, and positive expression of p‐AKT, p‐mTOR, and CD133 were predictors for survival. Patients with PTEN−/CD133+ or PTEN−/EpCAM+ HCC had shorter recurrence‐free survival and overall survival times.ConclusionThe PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway might play a crucial role in driving recurrence and influencing prognosis in HCC. There could be a potential repressive relationship between components of the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway and LCSCs. The combination of PTEN with CD133 or EpCAM expression may serve as a screening tool to monitor recurrence and predict prognosis.
Portal response related to shunt occlusion by balloon‐occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration may determine the prognosis of cirrhosis
Authors: Kobayashi Kazufumi , Maruyama Hitoshi , Kiyono Soichiro , Sekimoto Tadashi , Kondo Takayuki , Shimada Taro , Takahashi Masanori , Okugawa Hidehiro , Yokosuka Osamu 
Published: March 2016

AimTo determine the prognostic effect of portal hemodynamic responses after balloon‐occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B‐RTO) for gastric varices (GV) in cirrhosis patients.MethodsThis retrospective study consisted of 37 cirrhosis patients (aged 62.5 ± 9.7 years) with medium‐ or large‐grade GV treated with B‐RTO. Portal hemodynamic response was assessed by the changes in flow volume in the portal trunk (PFV, mL/min) before and after the treatment. Group I showed increased PFV and group II showed no increase in PFV. The median observation period was 49.8 months (range, 4.7–150.3 months).ResultsAll patients showed complete embolization of GV without any recurrence. There were 30 patients in group I and 7 patients in group II (decreased PFV in 6 and unchanged PFV in 1). The PFV at baseline was significantly lower in the former (583.5 ± 232.0 mL/min) than in the latter (880.7 ± 345.9 mL/min; P = 0.009). The survival rate was significantly lower in group II (83.3% at 1 year and 66.7% at 3 years) than in group I (96.7% at 1 year, 81.5% at 3 years, and 61.8% at 5 years; P = 0.012). The incidence of deterioration of the esophageal varices was 18/30 (60%) in group I and 5/7 (71.4%; P = 0.687) in group II. Multivariate analysis identified only no increase in portal response (hazard ratio, 8.086; P = 0.005) as an independent factor for poor prognosis.ConclusionBalloon‐occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration for GV may result in a poor prognosis when portal hemodynamics shows no increase in portal response.
Stigma: Content analysis of the representation of people with personality disorder in the UK popular press, 2001–2012
Authors: Bowen Matt Laurence 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThere is evidence that people with personality disorder are stigmatized within healthcare settings; however, little is known about the role that the media has played in the wider processes of stigmatization. This research examines the degree to which the popular press in the UK have established a link between personality disorder and homicide, and the impact this may have had on the processes of stigmatization. Using a content analysis approach, it was identified that there were 552 articles in the popular press, between 2001 and 2012, that made reference to personality disorder and 42% of those articles established a link with homicide. Comparison between two time periods, 2001–2006 and 2007–2012, identified that there was a significant reduction in the proportion of homicide articles (Pearson χ2 (5, n = 552) = 5.64, P > .05), however, the effect size of this change was only small. These findings suggest that the press may have contributed to the processes of stigmatization, and may have encouraged the general public to hold prejudicial attitudes towards people with a diagnosis of personality disorder.
A typology of user liability to IT addiction
Authors: Vaghefi Isaac , Lapointe Liette , Boudreau‐Pinsonneault Camille 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTo date, information systems (IS) research mainly has provided a monolithic view of information technology (IT) use, considering it to be a desired behaviour with positive outcomes. However, given the dramatic increase in the use of technology during the last few years, susceptibility to IT addiction is increasingly becoming an important issue for technology users and IS researchers. In this paper, we report the results of a study that focuses on identifying variations in user liability to IT addiction, which reflects the susceptibility of individual users to develop IT addiction. First, a review of the literature in different disciplines (e.g. health, psychology and IS) allows us to better understand the concepts of IT addiction and liability to addiction. The literature review also provides an overview of the antecedents and consequences associated with IT addiction. Then, building on the analysis of 15 in‐depth interviews and 182 exploratory open‐ended surveys collected from smartphone users, we apply the concept of liability to addiction in the IT use context and propose a typological theory of user liability to IT addiction. Our typology reveals five ideal types; each can be associated to a user profile (addict, fanatic, highly engaged, regular and thoughtful). Building upon both the extant literature and our results, we put forth propositions to extend the theoretical contributions of the study. We finally discuss the contributions and implications of our paper for research and practice.
Does comorbid anxiety counteract emotion recognition deficits in conduct disorder?
Authors: Short Roxanna M.L. , Sonuga‐Barke Edmund J.S. , Adams Wendy J. , Fairchild Graeme 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundPrevious research has reported altered emotion recognition in both conduct disorder (CD) and anxiety disorders (ADs) – but these effects appear to be of different kinds. Adolescents with CD often show a generalised pattern of deficits, while those with ADs show hypersensitivity to specific negative emotions. Although these conditions often cooccur, little is known regarding emotion recognition performance in comorbid CD+ADs. Here, we test the hypothesis that in the comorbid case, anxiety‐related emotion hypersensitivity counteracts the emotion recognition deficits typically observed in CD.MethodWe compared facial emotion recognition across four groups of adolescents aged 12–18 years: those with CD alone (n = 28), ADs alone (n = 23), cooccurring CD+ADs (n = 20) and typically developing controls (n = 28). The emotion recognition task we used systematically manipulated the emotional intensity of facial expressions as well as fixation location (eye, nose or mouth region).ResultsConduct disorder was associated with a generalised impairment in emotion recognition; however, this may have been modulated by group differences in IQ. AD was associated with increased sensitivity to low‐intensity happiness, disgust and sadness. In general, the comorbid CD+ADs group performed similarly to typically developing controls.ConclusionsAlthough CD alone was associated with emotion recognition impairments, ADs and comorbid CD+ADs were associated with normal or enhanced emotion recognition performance. The presence of comorbid ADs appeared to counteract the effects of CD, suggesting a potentially protective role, although future research should examine the contribution of IQ and gender to these effects.
Developmental and Ultrastructural Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Trypanosoma herthameyeri n. sp. of Brazilian Leptodactilydae Frogs
Authors: Attias Márcia , Sato Lyslaine H. , Ferreira Robson C. , Takata Carmen S. A. , Campaner Marta , Camargo Erney P. , Teixeira Marta M. G. , de Souza Wanderley 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe described the phylogenetic affiliation, development in cultures and ultrastructural features of a trypanosome of Leptodacylus chaquensis from the Pantanal biome of Brazil. In the inferred phylogeny, this trypanosome nested into the Anura clade of the basal Aquatic clade of Trypanosoma, but was separate from all known species within this clade. This finding enabled us to describe it as Trypanosoma herthameyeri n. sp., which also infects other Leptodacylus species from the Pantanal and Caatinga biomes. Trypanosoma herthameyeri multiplies as small rounded forms clumped together and evolving into multiple‐fission forms and rosettes of epimastigotes released as long forms with long flagella; scarce trypomastigotes and glove‐like forms are common in stationary‐phase cultures. For the first time, a trypanosome from an amphibian was observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, revealing a cytostome opening, well‐developed flagellar lamella, and many grooves in pumpkin‐like forms. Transmission electron microscopy showed highly developed Golgi complexes, relaxed catenation of KDNA, and a rich set of spongiome tubules in a regular parallel arrangement to the flagellar pocket as confirmed by electron tomography. Considering the basal position in the phylogenetic tree, developmental and ultrastructural data of T. herthameyeri are valuable for evolutionary studies of trypanosome architecture and cell biology.
An Assessment of Juvenile Drug Courts’ Knowledge of Evidence‐Based Practices, Data Collection, and the Use of AA/NA
Authors: Yelderman Logan A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe use of evidence‐based practices (EBPs) has become a core component of juvenile drug courts (JDCs). This research, using a sample of JDCs listed with the National Association of Drug Court Professionals, tests two current assumptions in the field: 1) many JDCs do not use or are unaware of their use of EBPs and 2) JDCs tend to overuse sober support groups (e.g., AA/NA), which are thought to be inappropriate for youth. Results suggest that nearly all JDCs, in the sample, reported using EBPs; however, only about a quarter of them collected treatment data and knew the outcomes of the data. Also, only about half of the JDCs use sober support groups (predominantly AA/NA), and nearly all of the sober support groups were tailored toward youth. Overall, these findings suggest that the current assumptions in the field do not accurately reflect the practices reported by these JDCs. Implications are discussed.
SUMO‐regulated mitochondrial function in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Guerra de Souza Ana Cristina , Prediger Rui Daniel , Cimarosti Helena 
Published: March 2016

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cardinal motor signs such as rigidity, bradykinesia or rest tremor that arise from a significant death of dopaminergic neurons. Non‐dopaminergic degeneration also occurs and it seems to induce the deficits in olfactory, emotional, and memory functions that precede the classical motor symptoms in PD. Despite the majority of PD cases being sporadic, several genes have previously been associated with the hereditary forms of the disease. The proteins encoded by some of these genes, including α‐synuclein, DJ‐1, and parkin, are modified by small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO), a post‐translational modification that regulates a variety of cellular processes. Among the several pathogenic mechanisms proposed for PD is mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent studies suggest that SUMOylation can interfere with mitochondrial dynamics, which is essential for neuronal function, and may play a pivotal role in PD pathogenesis. Here, we present an overview of recent studies on mitochondrial disturbance in PD and the potential SUMO‐modified proteins and pathways involved in this process.
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SUMOylation, a post‐translational modification, interferes with mitochondrial dynamics, and may play a pivotal role in Parkinson's disease (PD). SUMOylation maintains α‐synuclein (α‐syn) in a soluble form and activates DJ‐1, decreasing mitochondrial oxidative stress. SUMOylation may reduce the amount of parkin available for mitochondrial recruitment and decreases mitochondrial biogenesis through suppression of peroxisomal proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ co‐activator 1 α (PGC‐1α). Mitochondrial fission can be regulated by dynamin‐related protein 1 SUMO‐1‐ or SUMO‐2/3‐ylation. A fine balance for the SUMOylation/deSUMOylation of these proteins is required to ensure adequate mitochondrial function in PD.
Sustaining Teen Pregnancy Prevention Programs in Schools: Needs and Barriers Identified by School Leaders
Authors: Craft Lesley R. , Brandt Heather M. , Prince Mary 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDTo reduce teen pregnancy rates, prevention programs must be consistently available to large numbers of youth. However, prevention efforts have been historically conducted with little emphasis on ensuring program sustainability. This study examined the needs and barriers to sustaining teen pregnancy prevention (TPP) programming in schools after grant funding has ended, as identified by school leadership.METHODSA total of 11 qualitative interviews were conducted between June and September 2012 with middle school leaders from 11 schools involved in current implementation of a TPP program in South Carolina. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically coded.RESULTSIdentified needs and barriers to sustainability varied across schools. Common barriers to program sustainability included: lack of materials and supplies, insufficient funding (at the school and district level), lack of support and/or parental opposition, and other school/district priorities. School leaders also identified several needs to continue TPP programming, including: continued funding, trainings, outcome/effectiveness data to support the program, and regularly updated curriculum.CONCLUSIONSchools with greater perceived needs and barriers may be less likely to sustain. Knowledge gained through this research may be used to inform future interventions and sustainability planning efforts, allowing us to maximize prevention programming.
The sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor 1 binding molecule FTY720 inhibits osteoclast formation in rats with ligature‐induced periodontitis
Authors: Lee D.‐E. , Kim J.‐H. , Choi S.‐H. , Cha J.‐H. , Bak E.‐J. , Yoo Y.‐J. 
Published: March 2016

Background and ObjectiveOsteoclast precursors (OPs) re‐migrate from the bone surface into blood vessels through sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) expression. T cells also express S1PR1, mediating their migration from the lymph nodes into blood vessels. OP and T‐cell migration are one of the sequential steps related to osteoclast formation. To characterize the role of S1PR1 in osteoclast formation induced by periodontitis, we investigated the effect of S1PR1‐binding molecule FTY720 (FTY) on the number of OPs and T cells in periodontal tissue and peripheral blood of rats with ligature‐induced periodontitis.Material and MethodsRats were divided into four groups; control (Con), FTY, periodontitis (Peri), and periodontitis+FTY (Peri+FTY) groups. Ligatures were placed around the first molars in the left and right mandibles. The rats were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or 3 mg/kg FTY daily until they were killed. The number of osteoclasts and cluster of differentiation (CD)11b, CD3 and receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL)‐positive cells in first molar furcation were counted by tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase or immunohistochemistry staining. The number of CD11b‐ and CD3‐positive cells in peripheral blood was estimated by flow cytometry.ResultsThe number of osteoclasts in the Peri group was higher than Con, Peri+FTY and FTY groups (p < 0.05) and CD11b, CD3 and RANKL‐positive cells were also higher in the Peri group than other groups in furcation (p < 0.05). While CD11b‐positive cells in furcation of the Peri+FTY group were lower than the Peri group (p < 0.05), they were higher in peripheral blood (p < 0.05). Dissimilar to CD11b‐positive cells, CD3‐positive cells in the Peri+FTY group were lower in peripheral blood as well as furcation than the Peri group (p < 0.05). RANKL‐positive cells in furcation of the Peri+FTY group were also lower than Peri group (p < 0.05).ConclusionThese results indicate that FTY may facilitate re‐migration of OPs from the alveolar bone surface into blood vessels, blocking T‐cell migration from the lymph nodes into blood vessels and subsequently reducing osteoclast formation induced by periodontitis. This suggests that S1PR1‐S1P binding may play a role in osteoclast formation of periodontitis by modulating OP and T‐cell migration.
The Long‐term Impacts of the Cultural Revolution: A Micro‐Analysis
Authors: Zhou Dong 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis paper provides a micro‐analysis of the long‐term impacts of a particular historical event: the Cultural Revolution in urban labor market of China. Using the life‐cycle models and synthetic cohort approach, I demonstrate that the Cultural Revolution produced a lasting negative effect on permanent income for the subjected birth cohorts and this effect was amplified from the middle 1990s to the early 2000s as the Chinese market economy increasingly evolved. Channels in the mechanism of the impact includes productivity determinants (educational attainment, work experience, and health), marriage, and personality. The conclusions are robust to a variety of controls for family background as well as contamination factors, examinations with various control groups, contemporaneous comparisons, and placebo tests.
Autoregulation of the tufB operon in Salmonella
Authors: Brandis Gerrit , Bergman Jessica M. , Hughes Diarmaid 
Published: March 2016

SummaryIn Salmonella enterica and related species, translation elongation factor EF‐Tu is encoded by two widely separated but near‐identical genes, tufA and tufB. Two thirds of EF‐Tu is expressed from tufA with the remaining one third coming from tufB. Inactivation of tufA is partly compensated by a doubling in the amount of EF‐TuB but the mechanism of this up‐regulation is unknown. By experimental evolution selecting for improved growth rate in a strain with an inactive tufA we selected six different noncoding or synonymous point mutations close to the tufB start codon. Based on these results we constructed a total of 161 different point mutations around the tufB start codon, as well as tufB 3′‐truncations, and measured tufB expression using tufB‐yfp transcriptional and translational fusions. The expression data support the presence of two competing stem‐loop structures that can form in the 5′‐end of the tufB mRNA. Formation of the ‘closed’ structure leads to Rho‐dependent transcriptional termination of the tufB mRNA. We propose a model in which translational speed is used as a sensor for EF‐Tu concentration and where the expression of tufB is post‐transcriptionally regulated. This model describes for the first time how expression of the most abundant Salmonella protein is autoregulated.