bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Materialist Perspectives on Digital Technologies
Authors: Pötzsch Holger 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The present article brings critical media research and science and technology studies (STS) into dialogue with approaches to digital literacy and digital competencies in educational contexts. In particular, it focuses on material aspects of new information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as technical infrastructure, economic conditions, ecological consequences, and code-based as well as embodied forms of impact, and argues that digital applications and devices have ambiguous and often contradictory affordances and effects that need to be addressed in academic literature and pedagogical practice. The main objective is to inform on-going debates on the nature and content of digital literacy and digital competence from a critical materialist vantage point, and to facilitate learning and teaching about, rather than with, digital technologies by highlighting salient issue areas in need of continued critical attention.
Data Journalists Using Facebook
Authors: Appelgren Ester 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
On Facebook there are interest groups created by journalists, for journalists, that focus on the journalistic profession and work methods. One example is the Swedish group, “Datajournalistik” (in English, “Data Journalism”), which was created in 2012. This article builds on Granovetter’s theory on the strength of weak ties and is focused on the skill development process taking place in the group. A content analysis has been carried out of all posts that received comments in order to explore the social functions of the group. The results indicate both a significant need for knowledge exchange and a need for self-affirmation. At the time of the study, the group was unique in the Nordic countries and as such has played a major role in data journalism’s development process in the Nordic region.
High Stakes
Authors: Carlsen Benedicte , Riese Hanne 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Researchers are key sources of an increasing amount of research news in the media. Hitherto, the meagre empirical literature on researchers’ media performances has been divided in two strands: one indicating that researchers are generally motivated to report their research in the media, and the other paradoxically reporting negative experiences of and conflict with journalists. The aim of the present study was to explore Norwegian researchers’ motivations for participating in and experiences of journalistic interviews. We find that researchers’ main reason for seeking media coverage is that they want their findings to be of use to society. This makes it essential to avoid errors or misleading framing of the news report. Despite strong motivations to do so, the researchers experience that communicating through the media is stressful and that their motivations for seeking media attention are in conflict with the motives of some research journalists. The study reveals a link between researchers´ motivation for seeking media coverage and their experiences of conflict with journalists.
Application of nanoparticles to reverse multi-drug resistance in cancer
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhang Haijun , Chen Baoan 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Multi-drug resistance (MDR) poses a large obstacle to various human malignancies. For a long period, combination of multiple therapeutic agents has been the conventional method used to reverse MDR in cancer. However, it is still not an effective method as rather than cancer its serious side effects causes patient’s death. Nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging as a class of therapeutics for cancer, including overcoming MDR. In the present review, we focus on the application of NPs to reverse MDR in cancer. Several kinds of NPs developed for the reversal of MDR are summarized. In addition, investigations in vitro and in vivo are also shown to highlight the advancement in the application of NPs to reverse MDR.
Progress in stellarator research at IPP-Kharkov
Authors: Moiseenko Vladimir E. , Lozin Oleksiy V. , Shapoval Anatoliy M. , Dreval Mykola B. , Kulyk Yuliya S. , Mironov Yuri K. , Romanov Vladyslav S. , Pashnev Valeriy K. , Sorokovoy Eduard L. , Petrushenya Andriy A. , Ozherel’ev Fedir I. , Kozulya Mykhailo M. , Konovalov Volodymyr G. , Maznichenko Sergiy M. , Garkusha Igor E. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A new antenna of ‘crankshaft’ type has been installed in the Uragan-2M device in order to increase the plasma density and heating below the ion cyclotron frequency. Antenna operation is modelled by 1D code, which solves boundary problem for time-harmonic Maxwell’s equations in radially non-uniform plasma cylinder. In recent experiments with this antenna, the SXR, CV, OV and OII emission measurements indicate that the light impurity radiation barrier is overcame at this device. Plasma with a temperature of ~50 eV exists during a short period of a few milliseconds. Then the radiation collapse comes owing to strong influx of impurities to the plasma column. A new magnetic diagnostics has been installed at Uragan-3M. Using it the poloidal magnetic field is measured and the shift of toroidal current in major radius is registered. A miniature pinhole camera array for spatially and temporally resolved measurements of soft X-ray (SXR) plasma emission has been recently installed on the U-3M. Different shapes of the SXR emission profile has been observed in different discharge conditions.
Ambient fields generated by a laser spark
Authors: Rohlena Karel , Mašek Martin 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The electric and magnetic fields surrounding a laser spark formed after an optical breakdown due to a focused nanosecond laser beam in a gaseous environment are examined in order to assess their possible influence on the processes going on in the gas medium, mainly chemical reactions triggered by the spark plasma radiation. The magnetic field is generated by the standard mechanism of crossed electron density and temperature gradients, the electric field is supposed to be produced by the plasma polarization due to its radial expansion across the self-generated magnetic field. A simple model of spark plasma formation near the tip of the focal cone is assumed, with a delayed breakdown, which allows the focused laser light to sweep the whole volume of the forming spark right down to the focal caustic and thus to form a centimeter long plasma cone. In this conical geometry, the value of plasma electric dipole moment is evaluated as a measurable quantity as well as approximate values of the electric and magnetic field near the focal caustic, where they both tend to grow in magnitude.
Experiments and simulations on the possibility of radiative contraction/collapse in the PF-1000 plasma focus
Authors: Akel Mohamad , Cikhardt Jakub , Kubes Pavel , Kunze Hans-Joachim , Lee Sing , Paduch Marian , Saw Sor Heoh 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Experimental studies of discharges in the plasma focus facility with neon filling and respective numerical simulations employing the radiative Lee code are reported. The pinch currents exceed the Pease-Braginskii current, which indicates that radiative losses are larger than heating and that contraction of the formed plasma should occur. Both of these effects were indeed observed. Parallel numerical simulations were crucial for the identification of such an effect.
Modelling of new generation plasma optical devices
Authors: Litovko Irina V. , Goncharov Alexy A. , Dobrovolskiy Andrew N. , Naiko Lily V. , Naiko Irina V. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The paper presents new generation plasma optical devices based on the electrostatic plasma lens configuration that opens a novel attractive possibility for effective high-tech practical applications. Original approaches to use of plasma accelerators with closed electron drift and open walls for the creation of a cost-effective low-maintenance plasma lens with positive space charge and possible application for low-cost, low-energy rocket engine are described. The preliminary experimental, theoretical and simulation results are presented. It is noted that the presented plasma devices are attractive for many different applications in the state-of-the-art vacuum-plasma processing.
Tricholoma ustaloides (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in Poland
Authors: Halama Marek , Ważny Rafał , Czosnykowska-Łukacka Matylda , Dobosz Tadeusz 
Published: June 2016

Abstract The current distribution of Tricholoma ustaloides Romagn. in Poland is presented, based on literature data and the results of mycological investigations in oak-hornbeam forest associations in the Kotlina Raciborska basin. The paper reports the morphology of the discovered basidiomata, the habitat where they were found, and ITS sequence data for the specimens, and briefly discusses similar species and the ecology of the presented fungus. The location given in the paper is currently the only known station of T. ustaloides in Poland. The importance of secondary habitats for survival of this taxon is stressed.
A new species of Stellilabium (Orchidaceae) from southern Colombia
Authors: Kolanowska Marta , Trejo Ramiro Medina 
Published: June 2016

Abstract A new species of Stellilabium Schltr. is described and illustrated based on Colombian material. The novelty is distinguished from the similar S. pogonostalix (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst. and S. alticola Dodson & Escobar by its ovate lip, which is broadest near the middle. An identification key for the Colombian Stellilabium species is provided.
Anthoporia, a new genus in the Polyporales (Agaricomycetes)
Authors: Karasiński Dariusz , Niemelä Tuomo 
Published: June 2016

Abstract A new genus, Anthoporia Karasiński & Niemelä, is proposed for the brown-rot polypore Polyporus albobrunneus Romell [= Antrodia albobrunnea (Romell) Ryvarden]. The new genus is separated from Antrodia P. Karst. s.str. in several morphological features, and it is only distantly related to Antrodia serpens (Fr.) P. Karst. (generic type of Antrodia) in recently published phylogenies. Additionally, Anthoporia albobrunnea (Romell) Karasiński & Niemelä is described and illustrated based on material collected in Białowieża National Park in northeastern Poland.
Honeydew Moth Cryptoblabes gnidiella (MILLIÈRE, 1867) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): an adventive species frequently imported with fruit to Poland
Authors: Dawidowicz Łukasz , Rozwałka Robert 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Cryptoblabes gnidiella is an opportunistic species native to the Mediterranean region. This species has been reported from several dozen host plants, including many cultivated plants, especially fruit (e.g. grapes, lemons or pomegranates). It is considered a serious pest together with accompanying insects such as mealybugs. It is also suspected of being a vector of certain pathogens. The Honeydew Moth constitutes a threat not only to crops in the Mediterranean basin but is also becoming a problem in other parts of the world with a suitable climate, where this species has been accidentally imported. The records given here are from the time of year when pomegranates are commonly available on supermarket shelves. These data show that the import of this species is quite common and that the lack of such information hitherto may be due to its having been overlooked. This paper presents the first records of Cryptoblabes gnidiella in Poland.
Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from the Fiji Islands, part 2
Authors: Razowski Józef 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Forty-seven species are discussed. One new genus (Daedaluncus gen. n.) and 15 new species (Adoxophyes vitilevu sp. n., Adoxophyes niuwudi sp. n., Atriscripta strigana sp. n., Helictophanes saccifera sp. n., Loboschiza oxybela sp. n., Epinotia prepuncus sp. n., Daedaluncus fijiensis sp. n., Coenobiodes vitiae sp. n., Tritopterna rakiraki sp. n., Spilosoma oligospina sp. n., Strepsicrates rotundata sp. n., Eccoptocera platamon sp. n., Herpystis sunia sp. n., Herpystis spinoa sp. n., Cryptophlebia ferrugulla sp. n.) are described and illustrated.
Rosalia longicorn Rosalia alpina (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) as a host of the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps bassiana LI, LI, HUANG & FAN, 2001 (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)
Authors: Bartnik Czesław , Michalcewicz Jakub , Kubiński Radosław 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe paper describes, for the first time, the occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps bassiana (anamorph: Beauveria bassiana) on the imago of the endangered beetle Rosalia longicorn Rosalia alpina from the Low Beskid Mountains (the Carpathians, SE Poland). Furthermore, an isolate of the saprotrophic fungus Hypoxylon fragiforme was obtained as a result of laboratory tests on R. alpina specimens. Relationships between the identified fungi and R. alpina are discussed.
The Effect of Concurrent Visual Feedback on Controlling Swimming Speed
Authors: Szczepan Stefan , Zatoń Krystyna , Klarowicz Andrzej 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Introduction. Developing the ability to control the speed of swimming is an important part of swimming training. Maintaining a defined constant speed makes it possible for the athlete to swim economically at a low physiological cost. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of concurrent visual feedback transmitted by the Leader device on the control of swimming speed in a single exercise test. Material and methods. The study involved a group of expert swimmers (n = 20). Prior to the experiment, the race time for the 100 m distance was determined for each of the participants. In the experiment, the participants swam the distance of 100 m without feedback and with visual feedback. In both variants, the task of the participants was to swim the test distance in a time as close as possible to the time designated prior to the experiment. In the first version of the experiment (without feedback), the participants swam the test distance without receiving real-time feedback on their swimming speed. In the second version (with visual feedback), the participants followed a beam of light moving across the bottom of the swimming pool, generated by the Leader device. Results. During swimming with visual feedback, the 100 m race time was significantly closer to the time designated. The difference between the pre-determined time and the time obtained was significantly statistically lower during swimming with visual feedback (p = 0.00002). Conclusions. Concurrently transmitting visual feedback to athletes improves their control of swimming speed. The Leader device has proven useful in controlling swimming speed.
The Development of the Sports Careers of the Best Decathletes in the World and in Poland in the Years 1985–2015
Authors: Dziadek Bartosz , Iskra Janusz , Przednowek Krzysztof 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Introduction. The main goal of the study was to examine the changes in the scores achieved by a group of the best decathletes in Poland and in the world over the duration of their entire sports careers. Material and methods. The study examined the careers of 25 top decathletes in Poland and 25 top decathletes in the world who achieved their best scores in the decathlon in the years 1985-2015. Changes in their performance were analysed using three research protocols, which explored the relationships between the decathletes’ performance and their age, the number of years of training completed, and the number of years elapsed before and after the decathletes achieved their personal best scores. In order to analyse the data, some basic descriptive statistics, performed segmented regression, and computed fixed-base and chain indices were calculated. Conclusions. The findings of the current study indicate that decathletes achieve the best outcomes between the ages of 25 and 30. Furthermore, it was found that the time when the personal best scores were attained was preceded by the greatest increases in the level of performance and followed by the largest decreases in performance. Determining the way performance outcomes change in particular years of the career of a decathlete can help manage their training in different phases of their career more effectively.
Possibilities of Implementing Traditional Polish Games and Play in the Process of Physical Education According to Pe Teachers
Authors: Cieśliński Igor , Chaliburda Ireneusz 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Introduction. Physical education programmes are primarily based upon sports that originated in the Western European tradition. Implementing indigenous traditions such as traditional Polish games and play is an excellent opportunity to make those programmes more modern and attractive. In order to make use of the value and potential of these activities, it is necessary to introduce them into the programmes of Polish schools. This study sought to show the chances of traditional Polish forms of activity becoming a permanent part of physical education lessons and make present and future PE teachers aware of the fact that such forms of activity exist. Material and methods. The study included 125 PE teachers (62 females and 63 males) from randomly selected schools in eastern Poland. It was carried out with the use of a diagnostic survey, which included an original questionnaire designed by the author consisting of questions regarding the subjects’ knowledge of traditional Polish games and play, their place and role in national culture, as well as the possibility of using them in physical education. Correspondence analysis was employed to examine the data. Results. The research revealed that the participants of the study were relatively poorly prepared to be promoters and continuers of traditional Polish games, play, and sports. This mainly stemmed from the fact that they were hardly aware of the role of those forms of activities in the process of physical education and had little knowledge of traditional forms of physical activity that originate in indigenous culture. Conclusions. The teachers examined are insufficiently prepared to introduce traditional Polish games, play, and sports into the process of physical education. It is necessary to broaden the programme and educational offerings in the field of national heritage regarding traditional forms of physical activity that come from national cultures.
Pulverization of end-of-life tires by ultra-high pressure water jet process
Authors: Wang Zefeng , Kang Yong , Wang Zhao 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Crumb rubber (CR), as a final product from end-of-life tires through size reduction process, has proved an appropriate end product for accumulated discard waste tires all around the world. Unlike pre-existing pulverization methods, such as ambient or cryogenic grinding and solid-state shear extrusion, an entire cool pulverization process utilizing ultra-high pressure water jet (UHPWJ) was proposed in this paper. Pulverization experiments under various processing parameters were designed and conducted. The particle size distributions of produced CR were obtained using laser particle analyzer. Microscopic morphologies of CR and rubber fracture surface were observed under scanning electron microscopy. The crosslink density and gel fraction of produced CR were experimentally determined. Influence of four main processing parameters as pump pressure, transverse velocity, standoff distance and impacting angle was discussed in detail, and the most suitable processing parameters were recommended. The results show that the particle size distribution of produced CR with UHPWJ is between 45 μm and 200 μm, and the surface of CR is coarse and porous. High compressive shear effect and erosion are the main mechanisms in UHPWJ pulverization. Besides, the produced CR has already been partly devulcanized after UHPWJ pulverization, and polymer degradation occurred in the meanwhile.
The effect of nitric acid (HNO3) treatment on the electrical conductivity and stability of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) thin films
Authors: Mohd Said Suhana , Rahman Shahriar Mufid , Long Bui Duc , Balamurugan Subramanian , Soin Norhayati , Rahman M. Asiqur 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this work, the posttreatment of an organic polymer is performed using an inorganic acid, nitric acid (HNO3). We picked poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the base material and improved its electrical conductivity by acid treatment with different concentrations of HNO3. The acid treatment was able to achieve the optimum electrical conductivity of 197 S/cm, which is 115.5 times higher than the base material when treated with an aqueous solution containing 65% of HNO3. Moreover, the films showed higher transparency in the visible range while conducting Fourier transform infrared analysis. In addition, the treated films showed improved stability against outdoor operating conditions in terms of sheet resistance compared with untreated PEDOT:PSS films. We tried to develop a hypothesis to describe the reason behind the electrical conductivity enhancement by studying the thicknesses of all the samples at different acid concentration levels. The results from atomic force microscopy, the Hall effect, and the trend of film thickness suggest that the conformational change, the removal of excess PSS from the polymer, and the increase in carrier concentration are the reasons behind the improvement in electrical conductivity.
Comparison of breast milk composition among lactating women in Latvia
Authors: Broka Līga , Daugule Ilva , Ciproviča Inga , Kviļūna Daiga , Rumba-Rozenfelde Ingrīda 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Although benefits of breast-feeding have been known for a long time and breast milk is considered as ideal nutrition for infants, the composition of breast milk is still being studied, since breast milk differs among mothers and populations, as well as during different times of lactation. Further, no study has been performed among lactating women in Latvia during recent years. The objective of the study was to determine the breast milk composition and influencing factors among lactating women in Latvia in different lactation periods, as well as to compare the results with data from other countries. Fifty breast milk samples were obtained from 44 mothers (on the 5th-7th and 11th-28th day of lactation), whose neonates were treated in the Neonatal Care Unit, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Rīga. Milk analysis (pH, density, protein, fat, and lactose concentration) was performed in the Latvia University of Agriculture. Breast milk composition among lactating women in Latvia on the 5th-7th lactation day more resembled transitional milk containing a higher amount of protein and a lower amount of fat. The composition of the studied milk samples on the 11th-28th lactation day was comparable to data from other countries. Concentration of lactose was correlated with neonatal weight and not gestational age.
Urban Development Policy Challenges in East-Central Europe: Governance, City Regions and Financialisation
Authors: Buček Ján 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This paper responds primarily to current innovations that have emerged in urban development policy during the last decades also in East-Central Europe. Prior to the change of the social regime, we notice more traditional approaches in the urban development policy - public consumption, economic development and environmental issues. Among current urban development challenges in this region we may focus on governance, city regions, and financialisation. Besides an outline of a general framework, their application is studied in the case of Bratislava. We argue that especially economic development and environmental issues were neglected in the urban development policy during the socialist period. More elementary development issues obtained priority as policy positions during the early transition period. Taking up more current challenges was delayed compared with western cities, and they have specific features. Nevertheless, it seems that cities in this region recognised the importance of the mutually multiplying effects of governance, city regionalism and financialisation in an urban development policy.