bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Vitek MS Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry System for Identification of Clinically Relevant Filamentous Fungi
Authors: McMullen Allison R. , Wallace Meghan A. , Pincus David H. , Wilkey Kathy , Burnham Carey-Ann D. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Invasive fungal infections have a high rate of morbidity and mortality, and accurate identification is necessary to guide appropriate antifungal therapy. With the increasing incidence of invasive disease attributed to filamentous fungi, rapid and accurate species-level identification of these pathogens is necessary. Traditional methods for identification of filamentous fungi can be slow and may lack resolution. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has emerged as a rapid and accurate method for identification of bacteria and yeasts, but a paucity of data exists on the performance characteristics of this method for identification of filamentous fungi. The objective of our study was to evaluate the accuracy of the Vitek MS for mold identification. A total of 319 mold isolates representing 43 genera recovered from clinical specimens were evaluated. Of these isolates, 213 (66.8%) were correctly identified using the Vitek MS Knowledge Base, version 3.0 database. When a modified SARAMIS (Spectral Archive and Microbial Identification System) database was used to augment the version 3.0 Knowledge Base, 245 (76.8%) isolates were correctly identified. Unidentified isolates were subcultured for repeat testing; 71/319 (22.3%) remained unidentified. Of the unidentified isolates, 69 were not in the database. Only 3 (0.9%) isolates were misidentified by MALDI-TOF MS (including
Aspergillus amoenus
[
n
= 2] and
Aspergillus calidoustus
[
n
= 1]) although 10 (3.1%) of the original phenotypic identifications were not correct. In addition, this methodology was able to accurately identify 133/144 (93.6%)
Aspergillus
sp. isolates to the species level. MALDI-TOF MS has the potential to expedite mold identification, and misidentifications are rare.
Efficacy of an internet-based self-help intervention to reduce co-occurring alcohol misuse and depression symptoms in adults: study protocol of a three-arm randomised controlled trial
Authors: Schaub Michael P , Blankers Matthijs , Lehr Dirk , Boss Leif , Riper Heleen , Dekker Jack , Goudriaan Anna E , Maier Larissa J , Haug Severin , Amann Manuel , Dey Michelle , Wenger Andreas , Ebert David D 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionIn the general population, alcohol use disorder and depression more often occur together than any other combination of a mental illness with a substance use disorder. It is important to have a cost-effective intervention that is able to reach at-risk individuals in the early stages of developing alcohol use disorders and depression disorders.Methods and analysisThis paper presents the protocol for a 3-arm multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the combined internet-based self-help intervention Take Care of You (TCOY) to reduce alcohol misuse and depression symptoms in comparison with a waiting list control group and a comparable intervention focusing on problematic alcohol use only. The active interventions consist of modules designed to reduce alcohol use, based on the principles of motivational interviewing and methods of cognitive behavioural therapy, together with additional modules in the combined study arm to reduce symptoms of depression. Data will be collected at baseline, as well as at 3 and 6 months postrandomisation. The primary outcome is the quantity of alcohol used in the past 7 days. A number of secondary outcome measures will be studied. These include the Centre of Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale (CES-D) and a combined measure with the criteria of values below the cut-off for severe alcohol use disorder and for CES-D. Data analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle using (generalised) linear mixed models. In order to investigate the interventions’ cost-utility and cost-effectiveness, a full economic evaluation will be performed.Ethics and disseminationThis RCT will be executed in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration and has been approved by 2 local Ethics Committees. Results will be reported at conferences and in peer-reviewed publications. Participant-friendly summaries of trial findings will be published on the TCOY websites.Trial registration numberISRCTN10323951.
Corn yield components response to nitrogen fertilizer as a function of soil texture
Authors: Cambouris Athyna N. , Ziadi Noura , Perron Isabelle , Alotaibi Khaled D. , St. Luce Mervin , Tremblay Nicolas 
Published: May 2016

Information on how soil texture and related soil properties affect corn (Zea mays L.) nitrogen (N) response is needed to improve N management in corn production. We conducted a study at 12-site yr in Quebec to assess the effect of N rate (0–250 kg N ha−1) and soil surface textural groups [clay, loam, sandy belonging to the gleysolic soil order (Sg), and sandy belonging to the podzolic soil order (Sp)] on corn grain yield, stover yield, total N uptake (TNU), nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUE), thousand kernel weight (TKW), test weight, and chlorophyll meter readings (CMR). Corn was more responsive to N rate in the clay soil textural group for most of the parameters due to lower soil N supply, and least responsive in the Sp group, except for test weight and CMR, due to possibly greater leaching in this group. The CMR at flowering accounted for 87%, 87%, 82%, and 25% of the variation in grain yield, TNU, TKW, and test weight, respectively. This study suggests that soil surface texture has a major influence on corn N response, but other soil properties such as drainage may also be important.
EGFR Mutations and ALK Rearrangements Are Associated with Low Response Rates to PD-1 Pathway Blockade in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Gainor Justin F. , Shaw Alice T. , Sequist Lecia V. , Fu Xiujun , Azzoli Christopher G. , Piotrowska Zofia , Huynh Tiffany G. , Zhao Ling , Fulton Linnea , Schultz Katherine R. , Howe Emily , Farago Anna F. , Sullivan Ryan J. , Stone James R. , Digumarthy Subba , Moran Teresa , Hata Aaron N. , Yagi Yukako , Yeap Beow Y. , Engelman Jeffrey A. , Mino-Kenudson Mari 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Purpose: PD-1 inhibitors are established agents in the management of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, only a subset of patients derives clinical benefit. To determine the activity of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors within clinically relevant molecular subgroups, we retrospectively evaluated response patterns among EGFR-mutant, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive, and EGFR wild-type/ALK-negative patients.
Experimental Design: We identified 58 patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Objective response rates (ORR) were assessed using RECIST v1.1. PD-L1 expression and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were evaluated by IHC.
Results: Objective responses were observed in 1 of 28 (3.6%) EGFR-mutant or ALK-positive patients versus 7 of 30 (23.3%) EGFR wild-type and ALK-negative/unknown patients (P = 0.053). The ORR among never- or light- (≤10 pack years) smokers was 4.2% versus 20.6% among heavy smokers (P = 0.123). In an independent cohort of advanced EGFR-mutant (N = 68) and ALK-positive (N = 27) patients, PD-L1 expression was observed in 24%/16%/11% and 63%/47%/26% of pre–tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) biopsies using cutoffs of ≥1%, ≥5%, and ≥50% tumor cell staining, respectively. Among EGFR-mutant patients with paired, pre- and post-TKI–resistant biopsies (N = 57), PD-L1 expression levels changed after resistance in 16 (28%) patients. Concurrent PD-L1 expression (≥5%) and high levels of CD8+ TILs (grade ≥2) were observed in only 1 pretreatment (2.1%) and 5 resistant (11.6%) EGFR-mutant specimens and was not observed in any ALK-positive, pre- or post-TKI specimens.
Conclusions: NSCLCs harboring EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements are associated with low ORRs to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Low rates of concurrent PD-L1 expression and CD8+ TILs within the tumor microenvironment may underlie these clinical observations. Clin Cancer Res; 22(18); 4585–93. ©2016 AACR.
See related commentary by Gettinger and Politi, p. 4539
The Phonetics of Head and Body Movement in the Realization of American Sign Language Signs
Authors: Tyrone Martha E. , Mauk Claude E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground/Aims: Because the primary articulators for sign languages are the hands, sign phonology and phonetics have focused mainly on them and treated other articulators as passive targets. However, there is abundant research on the role of nonmanual articulators in sign language grammar and prosody. The current study examines how hand and head/body movements are coordinated to realize phonetic targets. Methods: Kinematic data were collected from 5 deaf American Sign Language (ASL) signers to allow the analysis of movements of the hands, head and body during signing. In particular, we examine how the chin, forehead and torso move during the production of ASL signs at those three phonological locations. Results: Our findings suggest that for signs with a lexical movement toward the head, the forehead and chin move to facilitate convergence with the hand. By comparison, the torso does not move to facilitate convergence with the hand for signs located at the torso. Conclusion: These results imply that the nonmanual articulators serve a phonetic as well as a grammatical or prosodic role in sign languages. Future models of sign phonetics and phonology should take into consideration the movements of the nonmanual articulators in the realization of signs.
New locality records of the ‘Dancing Girl’ of Mizoram, a rare zinger species
Authors: De Aparajita , Reang Demsai 
Published: May 2016

Mantisia spathulata (Roxb.) Schult. belonging to the family Zingiberaceae is a rare ornamental Zingiber distributed from eastern Himalaya to Myanmar. In India, this species is confined to very few localities of northeastern India. A new location for the species was discovered at Kolasib, Mizoram. The species was recorded growing at an altitude of 662m. A thorough ecological sampling was done for the population. Density of flowering individuals and non-flowering young individuals were estimated. The species has never been recorded at this altitude previously and, as per record, no ecological work has been done earlier. The average density of Mantisia spathulata within its growing patch is 18(±2) individuals per m2. A total of 120 juvenile individuals (without flowers) were recorded from a 1×1 m2 plot; indicating a very good regeneration of the species within the patch where it is growing.
Pollination ecology of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. (Lamiaceae) in Coringa mangrove ecosystem, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Raju A.J. Solomon , Kumar Rajendra 
Published: May 2016

Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. (Lamiaceae) is bisexual, self-compatible and has a vector-dependent mixed breeding system. They are dichogamous and herkogamous; the day 1 flowers are staminate while the day 2 and 3 flowers are pistillate. The plant blooms in the evening, possesses a white long corolla with a hairy interior to exclude other insects and strong fragrance are adaptations for pollination by the hawk-moth Macroglossum gyrans. The 2nd and 3rd day flowers are nectar-rich and attract hawk-moths during the dawn and dusk hours. The plant is also visited by bees and butterflies. The bees Xylocopa and Anthophora are primary nectar robbers which collect nectar without effecting pollination. In C. inerme, three forms of flowers can be distinguished based on the position of sex organs. The first form is characterized by elongated stamens and a style which occur in close proximity to each other just after anthesis facilitating contact between the stamens and stigma. The second form is characterized by the scattered position of stamens and style. In the third form, the stamens are fully extended while the style is curved away from them, either to the left or to the right; subsequently the stamens curl inward and the style elongates. Interestingly, the three flower forms can be found within a cyme also. These forms of flowers with strong protandry prevent autonomous selfing but not geitonogamy. The fruit is a capsule and breaks open to disperse nutlets. Birds such as Acridotheres tristis, Corvus splendens, Corvus macrorhynchos and Turdoides caudatus disperse nutlets during the early winter season. Seeds germinate in June and seedlings grow gradually to produce new plants.
Pollination ecology of Derris trifoliata (Fabaceae), a mangrove associate in Coringa Mangrove Forest, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Raju A.J. Solomon , Kumar Rajendra 
Published: May 2016

Derris trifoliata is a perennial woody climber. It blooms massively for about two weeks in July/August. The flowers are hermaphroditic, feebly protandrous, self-compatible and display a vector dependent mixed breeding system. They close back by the end of the day of anthesis. The forenoon anthesis and pollen and nectar as rewards attract daytime foragers. The nectar feeding foragers require strength to depress the keel petals in order to collect nectar; only those foragers which have the required strength to do so can collect nectar and in the process trip the floral mechanism and effect pollination. When floral explosion occurs, the pollen is somewhat exposed and the pollen feeding foragers then collect it. Both long- and short-tongued bees trip the flowers, collect nectar and effect pollination. Individual flowers that were not tripped by insects set fruit to negligible level. In open-pollination mode, fruit set rate is up to 30-31% only despite the flowers being visited by insect pollinators. Fruits mature quickly within a month. Each fruit contains 1-3 seeds against 6 linearly arranged ovules in the ovary. The fruits are leathery and possess air cavities, the characteristics of which enable them to float in tidal water. They settle at the parent plant if the site is partly or fully exposed or float for dispersal if the site is inundated with tidal water. Seed release occurs when fruits absorb water and the pericarp breaks. Seeds germinate only when they reach a suitable habitat in mangroves.
A preliminary study on the birds of Thane Creek, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Chaudhari-Pachpande Sheetal , Pejaver Madhuri K. 
Published: May 2016

Shorebirds also known as waders comprise several adaptations, which enable them to forage on exposed mudflats. The population of birds in any ecosystem shows the environmental quality of the area, pollution level, security and availability of food and habitat. Thane Creek located in Mumbai is one of the unique mangrove ecosystems, maintaining a good population of sediment-dwelling organisms that support a myriad of migratory and non-migratory bird populations. Bird surveys were carried out using the point count method across two different locations at Thane Creek. In total 95 species of birds were recorded during the study and distinguished as per the pattern of their foraging. A healthy diversity of bird species observed indicates the high productivity of the creek.
The rediscovery of the Common Water Monitor Lizard Varanus salvator (Squamata: Varanidae) in northern Myanmar
Authors: Oo Sai Sein Lin , Bates Paul Jeremy James 
Published: May 2016

On 09 June 2015, a Common Water Monitor Varanus salvator (Laurenti, 1768) was observed and photographed (Image 1) on the campus of Banmaw University, Banmaw (Bhamo), Kachin State, Myanmar (24018’15”N & 97015’52”E). Subsequently, a second individual was observed 140km to the west at Banmauk, Sagaing Division (24024’N & 95051’E). These two observations are the first records of Varanus salvator from Upper Myanmar since Anderson (1878). It would be interesting to conduct follow-up studies to determine whether this is indeed a relict northern population.
Anticholinergic premedication-induced fever in paediatric ambulatory ketamine anaesthesia
Authors: Kim Kyung Woo , Choe Won Joo , Kim Jun Hyun , Kim Kyung-Tae , Lee Sang-Il , Park Jang Su , Kim Jung Won , Heo Min Hee 
Published: May 2016

Objective A randomized, double-blind, prospective study to evaluate the effect of anticholinergic drugs on thermoregulation in paediatric patients undergoing ambulatory anaesthesia with ketamine. Methods Patients were randomized to receive either 0.005 mg/kg glycopyrrolate or the equivalent volume of normal saline (placebo) at 30 min before ketamine anaesthesia. Body temperature was measured tympanically at baseline and at 0, 30, 60 and 90 min postoperatively. The quantity of saliva prodiced during surgery and incidence of fever were recorded. Results Body temperature was significantly higher in the glycopyrrolate group ( n = 42) than the placebo group ( n = 42) at 30, 60 and 90 min after surgery, and higher than baseline at 0, 30, 60 and 90 min after surgery. In the placebo group, body temperature was significantly higher than baseline at 0 and 30 min after surgery. Saliva secretion was significantly lower in the glycopyrrolate group than the placebo group. Conclusion Routine premedication with adjunctive anticholinergics should not be considered in paediatric patients receiving ketamine sedation due to the increased risk of fever. Trial registration number, Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02430272
Diagnostic value of elevated serum miRNA-143 levels in sepsis
Authors: Han Yu , Dai Qing-Chun , Shen Hong-Li , Zhang Xiao-Wei 
Published: May 2016

Objective To evaluate serum micro RNA-143 (miR-143) levels in patients with sepsis or non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and investigate its possible diagnostic or prognostic value. Methods Serum was obtained from patients with sepsis or SIRS and healthy control subjects. Relative miR-143 expression was determined using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. The diagnostic and prognostic value of serum miR-143 was evaluated. Results Serum miR-143 levels were significantly higher in patients with sepsis ( n = 103) than patients with SIRS ( n = 95) and healthy controls ( n = 40). There were significant positive correlations between serum miR-143 level and SOFA and APACHE II scores in patients with sepsis ( r = 0.794 and r = 0.825, respectively). Serum miR-143 had a sensitivity of 78.6% and specificity of 91.6% for distinguishing between sepsis and SIRS. There was no association between serum miR-143 and 28-day survival in patients with sepsis. Conclusion Serum miR-143 is elevated in patients with sepsis, and may be a useful biomarker for distinguishing between sepsis and SIRS.
Medullary infarction causing coexistent SUNCT and trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Lambru Giorgio , Trimboli Michele , Tan S Veronica , Al-Kaisy Adnan 
Published: May 2016

Background Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) or with autonomic symptoms (SUNA) are grouped together within the trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs). However, the SUNCT and SUNA phenotype and management overlap with those of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Additionally, a broad variety of cerebral pathologies are reportedly able to trigger either TN- or SUNCT-like pain, and emerging structural neuroimaging findings suggest the possible role of neurovascular conflict with the trigeminal nerve in SUNCT, further supporting aetiological and pathophysiological overlaps among SUNCT, SUNA and TN. Case report We present the first case of coexisting chronic SUNCT- and TN-like phenotypes caused by haemorrhagic infarct of the dorsolateral medulla. Discussion In light of our case, a perturbation of the dorsolateral medullary circuits may constitute an important pathophysiological component, supporting a unifying nosological hypothesis that considers SUNCT, SUNA and TN clinical variants of the same disorder.
Evaluation of red blood cell distribution width as a prognostic indicator in cats with acquired heart disease, with and without congestive heart failure
Authors: Roderick Kursten V , Abelson Amanda L , Nielsen Lindsey , Price Lori Lyn , Quinn Rebecca 
Published: May 2016

Objectives Congestive heart failure secondary to cardiomyopathy is a common manifestation of cardiac disease in cats, carrying a variable prognosis. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and survival time in feline patients with acquired heart disease with and without congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods Three hundred and forty-nine client-owned cats with echocardiograms and complete blood count, including RDW measurement, performed between March 2006 and December 2011, were included in the study. Patient characteristics, including signalment, hematocrit, RDW, echocardiographic parameters and survival, were recorded. Comparisons between RDW in cats with asymptomatic acquired heart disease and those with CHF were made. Survival was documented and compared at 30 days and 6 months. Results CHF was present in 80 cats and absent in 269 cats. Cats with CHF had an increase in mortality compared with cats without CHF at 30 days and 6 months ( P = 0.007 and P = 0.04, respectively). RDW was not significantly associated with survival in cats with or without CHF at 30 days or 6 months. A significant difference was found between median RDW values in cats with CHF vs cats without CHF (16.3% vs 15.8%; P = 0.02). The median RDW value was significantly higher in cats with unclassified cardiomyopathy compared with cats with other types of cardiomyopathy (16.3% vs 15.8%; P = 0.03). Conclusions and relevance Single RDW values did not predict mortality in cats with acquired heart disease but may be useful in determining if cats have decompensated heart disease and CHF. Human studies indicate that incremental increases in serial RDW measurements are associated with decreased survival; serial RDW measurements in cats may be an area of future study.
Exploring the literature on music participation and social connectedness for young people with intellectual disability: A critical interpretive synthesis
Authors: Murphy Melissa AI , McFerran Katrina 
Published: May 2016

Background: This article explores the literature on social connectedness and music for young people with disability. It then critically examines the level of congruence between the reported literature to date and current rights-based disability studies discourse. Method: A critical interpretive synthesis was used to examine 27 articles referencing the use of music for social connectedness. Areas of focus in the review are the nature of connections being fostered in music programs, the use of voice and collaboration. Results: The majority of music programs reported on closed groups. Outdated ‘expert’ models of working persist. The use of participants’ voice in the literature is growing, although there is a lack of collaboration and negative reporting. Conclusion: A shift in thinking heralds greater collaboration with participants, although this could be broadened to include decisions on research agendas, planning and evaluation. There is also need for active fostering of broader socio-musical pathways.