bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ravulizumab for adults with generalized myasthenia gravis: a plain language summary of three studies
Authors: Aguirre Florencia , Andrade Renata 
Published: October 2024

What is this summary about?

Generalized myasthenia gravis (often shortened to gMG) is a rare health condition that causes muscular weakness. This summary gives an overview of three published articles that report the results of research studies of a medicine called ravulizumab, a treatment approved for adults with gMG. These studies are:

The CHAMPION MG study.

The CHAMPION MG extension study.

A study of how the body processes and responds to ravulizumab (known as pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics).

These studies looked at how effective and safe ravulizumab is for people with gMG.

What were the results?
Overall, participants with gMG who received ravulizumab showed a significant and rapid improvement in their muscle strength and ability to do daily activities. These improvements were sustained for up to 60 weeks of treatment. Ravulizumab was well-tolerated overall, and no-one in the study had a meningococcal infection (a type of bacterial infection preventable with vaccination). Results from the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study support the use of ravulizumab every 8 weeks to maintain improvements in gMG.

What do the results of the study mean?
Ravulizumab can be considered as a treatment option for adults with gMG who are appropriately protected against meningococcal infection before starting treatment. The drug, administered every 8 weeks, improves muscle strength and daily performance. These positive effects have been observed to persist over a long period of time.
Проект по экстенсивному чтению как средство формирования иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции и правовой культуры студентов-юристов
Authors: Полякова С.В. , Полякова П.С. 
Published: October 2024

в статье рассматривается проект по экстенсивному чтению как дидактическое средство формирования иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции (ИКК) студентов юридического факультета. Анализируются особенности организации проекта по экстенсивному чтению на примере адаптированных художественных произведений на занятиях по иностранному языку и самостоятельной работы студентов. Для проекта по ЭЧ характерна направленность на активизацию критического мышления, профессионального мышления, закладывания основ профессиональной культуры, укрепления профессионального самосознания студентов направления «Юриспруденция». Цель исследования – оценка эффективности проекта ЭЧ в качестве средства реализации стратегии развития иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции студентов. В ходе исследования анализируется система интерактивных заданий, разработанных на основе адаптированного романа «Адвокат» и ее реализация в проекте по экстенсивному чтению. В результате внедрения проекта ЭЧ и анализа обратной связи студентов-юристов выявляется общее положительное влияние на совершеннствование речевой, языковой, социокультурной и учебно-познавательной компетенций обучающихся, а также на формирование их правовой культуры.
the article considers the project on extensive reading as a didactic means of forming foreign language communicative competence (FLCC) of students of the Faculty of Law. The features of the organization of an extensive reading project are analyzed using the example of adapted works of art in foreign language classes and independent work of students. The ER project is characterized by a focus on activating critical thinking, professional thinking, laying the foundations of professional culture, and strengthening the professional self-awareness of students in the field of Jurisprudence. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the ER project as a means of implementing a strategy for the development of students' foreign language communicative competence. The study analyzes a system of interactive tasks developed on the basis of the adapted novel “The Lawyer” and its implementation in an extensive reading project. As a result of the implementation of the ER project and the analysis of feedback from law students, the overall positive impact on the improvement of speech, language, socio-cultural and educational and cognitive competencies of students, as well as on the formation of their legal culture, is revealed.
Семантика форм именительного падежа в арабском и русском языках
Authors: Мухаммад А. , Аль Д.Д. 
Published: October 2024

исследование было проведено с целью определения общих и отличительных черт использования именительного падежа в арабском и русском языках через анализ лингвистических значений. Эта статья актуальна, потому что впервые проводится столь глубокий анализ именительного падежа в арабском и русском языках, а также их сравнение. Теоретическая и практическая значимость данного исследования заключается в том, что оно способствует лучшему пониманию обоих языков и полезно для преподавания иностранных языков, перевода и культурного обмена. Были сравнены и проанализированы семантические функции именительного падежа в русском и арабском языках. Исследование охватывало различные функции именительного падежа в выражении грамматических отношений и смысловых значений существительных и прилагательных в обоих языках. Также включался анализ семантических ролей именительного падежа в различных грамматических контекстах, таких как подлежащее, сказуемое, обращение, атрибуция и сравнение. Это исследование предоставляет более глубокое понимание глобальных языковых механизмов и их роли в различных культурных и языковых контекстах. Полученные результаты способствуют улучшению преподавания иностранных языков, подготовке переводчиков и укреплению культурного взаимопонимания между носителями арабского и русского языков. Исследование помогает лингвистам, преподавателям и студентам понять тонкости использования именительного падежа, что позволяет лучше применять его в языковой и коммуникативной практике.
the study was conducted to determine the common and distinctive features of the use of the nominative case in Arabic and Russian through the analysis of linguistic meanings. This article is relevant because it is the first time such an in-depth analysis of the nominative case in Arabic and Russian has been conducted, as well as their comparison. The theoretical and practical significance of this study lies in its contribution to a better understanding of both languages and its usefulness for teaching foreign languages, translation, and cultural exchange. The semantic functions of the nominative case in Russian and Arabic were compared and analyzed. The study covered various functions of the nominative case in expressing grammatical relations and semantic meanings of nouns and adjectives in both languages. It also included an analysis of the semantic roles of the nominative case in various grammatical contexts, such as subject, predicate, address, attribution, and comparison. This study provides a deeper understanding of global linguistic mechanisms and their roles in different cultural and linguistic contexts. The results obtained contribute to the improvement of foreign language teaching, the preparation of translators, and the strengthening of cultural understanding between speakers of Arabic and Russian. The research helps linguists, teachers, and students understand the nuances of using the nominative case, allowing for better application in linguistic and communicative practice.
Прецедентные имена в афроамериканском и китайском хип-хоп дискурсе
Authors: Белёва Д.Г. , Гавриленко О.В. 
Published: October 2024

в данной статье рассматриваются прецедентные феномены как актуальные в познавательном и эмотивном плане сигналы специфики определенной лингвокультуры. Прецедентные имена как результат эмотивно-образного восприятия единичных элементов окружающей действительности активно употребляются в своей фиксированной форме в песенном дискурсе в условиях афроамериканской и китайской лингвокультур. Цель данной статьи – выявить и рассмотреть прецедентные имена в афроамериканском и китайском современном хип-хоп дискурсе на родном языке. В двух лингвокультурах все выявленные имена формируют прецедентные поля, в составе которых могут быть выделены темы «успех», «религия», «социально-политические проблемы». В афроамериканском дискурсе добавляется тема «внешний вид», а в социально-политических проблемах своей объемностью выделяется блок «расизм». В китайском хип-хоп дискурсе обнаруживается тема «патриотизм». Прецедентные имена ввиду изменяющихся социокультурных условий оказываются подвижными феноменами. Тема расизма является самой активной в афроамериканском хип-хоп дискурсе, регулярно пополняясь новыми единицами – результатами столкновений в реальной действительности на почве расовой дискриминации и сегрегации. В Китае эта тема оказывается невостребованной, но здесь появляется «патриотический рэп», риторика которого направлена на восхваление своей страны, ее богатого культурного наследия и достижений.
the article is devoted to precedent phenomena as significant cognitive and emotive signals of peculiarity of some linguoculture. Precedent phenomena are the complex sings, they are the result of emotive and schematic perception of singular elements of the world, they are actively used in their fixed form in song discourse of African-American and Chinese cultures. The article is aimed to collect and analyze precedent phenomena of African-American and Chinese modern hip-hop discourse in the English and Chinese languages. Collected name of these two linguocultures are organized into precedent domains, which include the following topics: “success”, “religion”, “social and political issues”. In the African-American discourse the topic “appearance” is added and the group “racism” which is especially representative among the rest of social and political issues. The Chinese hip-hop discourse comprises the topic “patriotism”, which is not found in African-American, and the topic “religion” expands into “religion and philosophy”. Precedent names turn out to be flexible owing to changing social and cultural surrounding. The topic of racism is the most active and relevant in the African-American discourse, it is regularly supplied with new items which are the result of real conflicts owing to race discrimination and segregation taking place in the real world. In China this topic is irrelevant, but China has so called “patriotic rap”, which is aimed to glorify their own country, its rich cultural and historical heritage and achievements.
ASSESSMENT OF ANCHOR BORROWER PROGRAM AMONG MAIZE FARMERS IN KAURU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Yusuf, A.  , Danwanka, A. H.  , Bose, A. A.  
Published: October 2024

The study assessed Anchor Borrower Program (ABP) among maize farmers in Kauru Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling techniques consisting purposive and random sampling was used in selection of 157 farmers for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that maize farmers were age range of 30-39 with an average age of 41 years. It also revealed that (74.2%) of the farmers were male. The result further shows that majority (73.5%) of the farmers were married with an average of 22 years of farming experience. The result further reveals that majority (87.4%) of the farmers took farming as a major occupation. It also showed that 34.4% maize farmers had attended tertiary education as their level of education. Majority (89.56%) of the farmers acquired their land through inheritance, while majority (64.9%) of the farmers had farm size of 2.5 to 4 hectares with an average farm size of 2.5 hectares. Result further shows that 31.4% of the farmers acquired their loan through uptakers and 29.6% of them acquired their input through Bank of Agriculture. The results also revealed that majority (87.4%) of maize farmers had increase in income after using the loan. The results of regression analysis revealed that R2 was 0.365 meaning that 36.5% of the variation in the dependent variable was explained by the independent or explanatory variables included in the model. The coefficient of age and marital status has a negative and significant at a P<0.01 level of probability, farm size and land tenure had a positive coefficient and highly significant at P<0.01. The major constraints affecting farmers in anchor borrower programme were fluctuating of price, cumbersome process or stringent process, distance from financial institution, high Family expenditure and low productivity due to harsh weather condition. The study concluded that ABP enhanced the output and income of maize farmers in study area. Based on the finding, it is recommended that, all stringent conditions attached to access to loan for agricultural production should be removed, ABP facilitators should ensure timely disbursement of funds and input before planting commences.
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES ON MAIZE PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN OTUKPO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BENUE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Soom, A.  , Musa, A. U.  , Onah, A. E.  
Published: October 2024

The study examined the effects of climate change adaption strategies on maize production efficiency in Otukpo Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select 100 respondents for the study. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). The results revealed that maize farmers were in their productive age with mean age of 31years. Majority (55%) of the maize farmers were married. The average household size, farm size and years of farming experience were 6 persons, 2.5 hectares and 8 years of experience in farming, respectively. The result on the climate change adaptation strategies used by the maize farming households revealed that most of the farmers adopted adjustment Improved/multiple varieties (17.6%), multiple planting dates (18%) and fertilizer application (20.6%) as climate change adaptation strategies in the study area. The result of predicted Stochastic Frontier model showed that the minimum and maximum technical efficiencies (TE) of the maize farmers were 0.11 and 0.98, respectively, with the mean efficiency of 0.88. This showed that if the efficiency of resources usage is increased by 12.0 percent, the maize farmers would operate on the production frontier given the existing technology. The result on the influence of climate change adaptation strategies used by maize farmers in the study area further revealed that the coefficient of farm size, fertilizer and agrochemicals had positive relationship with the value of maize output at P≤0.05, P≤0.10 and P≤0.01 levels, respectively. The result of the inefficiency model revealed that improved/multiple varieties and fertilizer application increased inefficiency of maize production at P≤0.05 and P≤0.10 levels, respectively, while alternative tillage practices decreased inefficiency of maize production at P≤0.01 level. The study concluded that maize production in the study area was not optimally efficient. The study recommended that farmers should be provided with credit facilities to help improve their capacity to adapt to climate change. Also, development partners should focus on awareness creation of farmers on better production techniques and climate change adaptation strategies through mass media and agricultural extension.
PENERAPAN METODE BELAJAR DARI IDOLA DALAM BERNYANYI LAGU POPULER DI SMP NEGERI 2 DENPASAR
Authors: Uttama Putu Gde Chaksu Raditya 
Published: October 2024

Pelaksanaan kegiatan asistensi mengajar berlokasi di SMP Negeri 2 Denpasar melalui kegiatan intrakurikuler pada mata pelajaran Seni Budaya di kelas IX. Sesuai hasil observasi bahwa, pembelajaran seni musik di kelas IX ini kurang inovatif dari metode pembelajarannya, dalam artian peserta didik belum pernah diberikan pembelajaran secara praktik. Untuk itu dipilihlah kelas IX yang difokuskan dalam asistensi mengajar ini yaitu kelas IX.1 dan IX.2, sebab kelas ini memiliki minat besar untuk mempelajari seni musik. Materi yang diajarkan adalah menyanyikan lagu populer secara solo/tunggal dan secara vokal grup. Kedua materi ini bertujuan agar peserta didik mampu memahami dan melaksanakan teknik vokal yang baik saat bernyanyi, dan dapat mengembangkan ornamentasi melodis dalam bentuk penyajian vokal secara solo ataupun vokal grup. Materi ini diajarkan dengan menerapkan metode belajar dari idola (Balado) sebagai metode utama karena peserta didik dituntut untuk mempelajari teknik vokal berdasarkan idola yang disukainya. Metode ini didukung dengan pendekatan student centered, serta teknik pembelajaran ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab, demonstrasi dan penugasan. Setelah menerapkan metode Balado ini ternyata peserta didik memperoleh peningkatan dalam hasil belajar dan keterampilan yang sangat baik dengan rata-rata 92% di kelas IX.1 dan 90% di kelas IX.2. Hal ini memberikan dampak bagi kontribusi pembelajaran dan prestasi sekolah.
Malignant Otitis Externa: A persistent challenge
Authors: Khribi Mayssa , El Abed Wed , Gnaba Khalil 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Although rare, Malignant otitis externa is responsible for a high morbidity and could sometimes be fatal. The management of this condition is still challenging.

Aim: To analyse the clinical, microbiological and radiological profile of malignant otitis externa, and the management of this condition.

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at ENT Department of Kairouan's hospital including 38 patients hospitalised and treated for malignant otitis externa from January 2013 to August 2021.

Results: The mean age of patients was 67.7 ± 12.9 years (35-98). All patients presented with continuous otalgia that resists to usual analgesics. Otorrhea was noticed in 76.3% of cases, facial palsy in 2 cases (5.3%) and dysphonia in one case (2.6%). Pseudomonas Aeruginosa was the main responsible pathogen (42%). Concomitant bacterial and fungal infection was noticed in 6.4% of the cases. First-line intravenous antibiotherapy used was mainly based on an association of Cephalosporins and Fluoroquinolones. Complete remission was noticed in 30 patients (79%). However, 8 cases of recurrences (21%) and 2 cases of deaths (5.2%) were noticed in our series. The mean follow-up was 4.6±6.3 (1-26 months).
Conclusions: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa remains the main responsible pathogen for malignant otitis externa. Nevertheless, fungal infections are rising because of the overuse of antibiotics. Antibiotherapy should be adapted to culture results and resistance profile of pathogens in hospital. Practionners should be aware of the possibility of concomitant fungal infection, especially in the case of unfavorable evolution
Sarcopenia prevalence and risk factors in obese Tunisian adults
Authors: Berriche Olfa , Rachdi Rim , Ammar Chaima , Ben Othman Rym , Gamoudi Amel , Jamoussi Henda 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a clinical condition defined as low skeletal muscle mass and function. It has been identified and described as a geriatric syndrome, but it may arise in individuals with obesity at any age.
Aim: screen for sarcopenia in obese adults and identify the nutritional, clinical and biological risk factors associated with the development of sarcopenic obesity (SO+).
Methods : Descriptive cross-sectional study, including 53 obese patients. Screening for sarcopenia has been established according to pathological thresholds proposed by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO).
Results: Mean age was 44.34±13.51 years. Prevalence of Sarcopenia was 7.5% (SO+). The average intakes of calorie, lipids and saturated fatty acids were higher in SO+. A statistically significant relationship was found between low skeletal muscle mass (SMM/W) and the average intake of vitamin PP (p=0.014) and vitamin B9 (p=0.009). Mean BMI (45.86 kg/m² for SO+ versus 39.29 kg/m² for SO-; p=0.03) and mean visceral fat (16.55 l for SO+, versus 10.93 l for SO-; p=0.043) were significantly higher in SO+. A statistically significant relationship was found between insulin resistance and low (SMM/W), as attested by mean insulinemia (28.81 µIU/mL for low SMM/W, versus 14.48 µIU/mL for normal SMM/W; p=0.004) and HOMA index (7.94 for low SMM/W, versus 3.49 for normal SMM/W; p=0.002), which were higher in cases of low (SMM/W).
Conclusion: We recommend promoting a balanced, low-energy-density diet to improve insulin sensibility and thus reduce ...(abstract truncated at 250 words)
Harmonization of The Role of Religious and State Justice Institutions in Handling Victims of Domestic Violence
Authors: Ismiati Saptosih , Widjanarto Haswar , Wafa Azizah Ersya Aqila 
Published: October 2024

Domestic abuse is a subject of public law, thereby transcending the private sphere of the marital relationship and necessitating official intervention in its resolution. Domestic violence falls under criminal law, although divorce pertains to civil family law, resulting in two distinct legal processes in the divorce settlement that follow incidents of domestic abuse. Law Number 23 of 2004 addresses the Elimination of Domestic Violence, serving as the inaugural legislative framework that explicitly safeguards victims of domestic violence offenses. This study employs a descriptive-analytical research methodology. This study employs a normative juridical approach, utilizing literature and secondary data as the foundation for research, which involves an examination of relevant laws, regulations, and literature pertinent to the research process. Simultaneously, the analysis employed in this study methodology is qualitative legal. This study concluded that the Religious Court lacks the authority to adjudicate domestic violence cases, as it does not possess jurisdiction over public law matters. In addressing community needs, the majority of domestic violence cases are promptly adjudicated for divorce in the Religious Court without prior resolution in the District Court. Consequently, harmonization between the Religious Court and the District Court is necessary for the resolution and adjudication of divorce cases involving domestic abuse. Immediate formulation of clear and tangible regulations is necessary to address divorce cases stemming from domestic abuse, namely by granting the Religious Court the competence to adjudicate matters pertaining to public law, particularly those involving domestic violence.