bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Health Indicators Improve Prediction of Cardiovascular and All-cause Mortality among Middle-Aged and Older People: a National Population-based Study
Authors: Lee Wei-Ju , Peng Li-Ning , Chiou Shu-Ti , Chen Liang-Kung 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe effectiveness of established methods for stratifying cardiovascular risk, for example, the Framingham risk score (FRS), may be improved by adding extra variables. This study evaluated the potential benefits of adding physical health indicators (handgrip strength, walking speed, and peak expiratory flow) to the FRS in predicting cardiovascular and all-cause mortality by using a nationwide population-based cohort study data. During median follow-up of 4.1 years, 67 of 911 study subjects had died. In Cox regression analysis, all additional physical health indicators, except walking speed, significantly predicted cardiovascular and all-cause mortality (P < 0.05). Compared with the conventional FRS, c statistics were significantly increased when dominant handgrip strength or relative handgrip strength (handgrip strength adjusted for body mass index), or combination with walking speed or peak expiratory flow were incorporated into the FRS prediction model, both in the whole cohort and also in participants who did not have prevalent cardiovascular diseases at baseline. In conclusion, dominant or relative handgrip strength are simple and inexpensive physical health indicators that substantially improve the accuracy of the FRS in predicting cardiovascular and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older people.
Abnormalities of regional brain function in Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies
Authors: Pan PingLei , Zhang Yang , Liu Yi , Zhang He , Guan DeNing , Xu Yun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThere is convincing evidence that abnormalities of regional brain function exist in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, many resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) have reported inconsistent results about regional spontaneous neuronal activity in PD. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis using the Seed-based d Mapping and several complementary analyses. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for eligible whole-brain rs-fMRI studies that measured ALFF differences between patients with PD and healthy controls published from January 1st, 2000 until June 24, 2016. Eleven studies reporting 14 comparisons, comparing 421 patients and 381 healthy controls, were included. The most consistent and replicable findings in patients with PD compared with healthy controls were identified, including the decreased ALFFs in the bilateral supplementary motor areas, left putamen, left premotor cortex, and left inferior parietal gyrus, and increased ALFFs in the right inferior parietal gyrus. The altered ALFFs in these brain regions are related to motor deficits and compensation in PD, which contribute to understanding its neurobiological underpinnings and could serve as specific regions of interest for further studies.
Extracellular vesicle mediated intercellular communication at the porcine maternal-fetal interface: A new paradigm for conceptus-endometrial cross-talk
Authors: Bidarimath Mallikarjun , Khalaj Kasra , Kridli Rami T. , Kan Frederick W. K. , Koti Madhuri , Tayade Chandrakant 
Published: January 2017

AbstractExosomes and microvesicles are extracellular vesicles released from cells and can contain lipids, miRNAs and proteins that affect cells at distant sites. Recently, microvesicles containing miRNA have been implicated in uterine microenvironment of pigs, a species with unique epitheliochorial (non-invasive) placentation. Here we report a novel role of conceptus-derived exosomes/microvesicles (hereafter referred to as extracellular vesicles; EVs) in embryo-endometrial cross-talk. We also demonstrate the stimulatory effects of EVs (PTr2-Exo) derived from porcine trophectoderm-cells on various biological processes including the proliferation of maternal endothelial cells (PAOEC), potentially promoting angiogenesis. Transmission immuno-electron microscopy confirmed the presence of EVs in tissue biopsies, PTr2-Exo and PAOEC-derived EVs (PAOEC-Exo). RT-PCR detected 14 select miRNAs in CD63 positive EVs in which miR-126-5P, miR-296-5P, miR-16, and miR-17-5P were the most abundant angiogenic miRNAs. Proteomic analysis revealed EV proteins that play a role in angiogenesis. In-vitro experiments, using two representative cell lines of maternal-fetal interface, demonstrated bidirectional EVs shuttling between PTr2 and PAOEC cells. Importantly, these studies support the idea that PTr2-Exo and PAOEC-Exo containing select miRNAs and proteins can be successfully delivered to recipient cells and that they may have a biological role in conceptus-endometrial cross-talk crucial for the pregnancy success.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent regulation of pulmonary miRNA by chronic cigarette smoke exposure
Authors: Rogers Sarah , de Souza Angela Rico , Zago Michela , Iu Matthew , Guerrina Necola , Gomez Alvin , Matthews Jason , Baglole Carolyn J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor historically known for its toxic responses to man-made pollutants such as dioxin. More recently, the AhR has emerged as a suppressor of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis from cigarette smoke by mechanisms that may involve the regulation of microRNA. However, little is known about the AhR regulation of miRNA expression in the lung in response to inhaled toxicants. Therefore, we exposed Ahr−/− and Ahr+/− mice to cigarette smoke for 4 weeks and evaluated lung miRNA expression by PCR array. There was a dramatic regulation of lung miRNA by the AhR in the absence of exogenous ligand. In response to cigarette smoke, there were more up-regulated miRNA in Ahr−/− mice compared to Ahr+/− mice, including the cancer-associated miRNA miR-96. There was no significant change in the expression of the AhR regulated proteins HuR and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). There were significant increases in the anti-oxidant gene sulfiredoxin 1 (Srxn1) and FOXO3a- predicted targets of miR-96. Collectively, these data support a prominent role for the AhR in regulating lung miRNA expression. Further studies to elucidate a role for these miRNA may further uncover novel biological function for the AhR in respiratory health and disease.
25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D vitamin D fails to predict sepsis and mortality in a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ratzinger Franz , Haslacher Helmuth , Stadlberger Markus , Schmidt Ralf L. J. , Obermüller Markus , Schmetterer Klaus G. , Perkmann Thomas , Makristathis Athanasios , Marculescu Rodrig , Burgmann Heinz 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe clinical role of vitamin D in sepsis and mortality prediction is controversially discussed. Therefore, we conducted a prospective cohort study on standard care wards, including 461 patients with suspected sepsis fulfilling two or more SIRS criteria. On the first and third day after onset of SIRS symptoms levels of 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)D and sepsis biomarkers were analysed for their predictive capacity for identifying infection, bacteraemia and an elevated mortality risk. Additionally, several SNPs associated with vitamin D metabolism were evaluated. Bacteraemic patients (28.5%) presented with significantly lower 1,25(OH)D levels than SIRS patients without bacteraemia on the first and third day, while 25(OH)D did not show a predictive capacity. No significant differences of either 1,25(OH)D or 25(OH)D levels were found between SIRS patients with and without infections or between survivors and non-survivors. Sepsis biomarkers, including procalcitonin and CRP, showed a significantly higher discriminatory capacity for these classification tasks. The vitamin D metabolism-related SNPs analysed did not indicate any association with our outcome measures. In conclusion, 1,25(OH)D but not 25(OH)D showed a minor discriminatory value for the prediction of bacteraemia that was inferior to CRP and PCT but both failed to predict sepsis and mortality in a prospective cohort of SIRS patients.
A spiking neural network model of 3D perception for event-based neuromorphic stereo vision systems
Authors: Osswald Marc , Ieng Sio-Hoi , Benosman Ryad , Indiveri Giacomo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractStereo vision is an important feature that enables machine vision systems to perceive their environment in 3D. While machine vision has spawned a variety of software algorithms to solve the stereo-correspondence problem, their implementation and integration in small, fast, and efficient hardware vision systems remains a difficult challenge. Recent advances made in neuromorphic engineering offer a possible solution to this problem, with the use of a new class of event-based vision sensors and neural processing devices inspired by the organizing principles of the brain. Here we propose a radically novel model that solves the stereo-correspondence problem with a spiking neural network that can be directly implemented with massively parallel, compact, low-latency and low-power neuromorphic engineering devices. We validate the model with experimental results, highlighting features that are in agreement with both computational neuroscience stereo vision theories and experimental findings. We demonstrate its features with a prototype neuromorphic hardware system and provide testable predictions on the role of spike-based representations and temporal dynamics in biological stereo vision processing systems.
Maintenance and Representation of Mind Wandering during Resting-State fMRI
Authors: Chou Ying-hui , Sundman Mark , Whitson Heather E. , Gaur Pooja , Chu Mei-Lan , Weingarten Carol P. , Madden David J. , Wang Lihong , Kirste Imke , Joliot Marc , Diaz Michele T. , Li Yi-Ju , Song Allen W. , Chen Nan-kuei 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMajor advances in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques in the last two decades have provided a tool to better understand the functional organization of the brain both in health and illness. Despite such developments, characterizing regulation and cerebral representation of mind wandering, which occurs unavoidably during resting-state fMRI scans and may induce variability of the acquired data, remains a work in progress. Here, we demonstrate that a decrease or decoupling in functional connectivity involving the caudate nucleus, insula, medial prefrontal cortex and other domain-specific regions was associated with more sustained mind wandering in particular thought domains during resting-state fMRI. Importantly, our findings suggest that temporal and between-subject variations in functional connectivity of above-mentioned regions might be linked with the continuity of mind wandering. Our study not only provides a preliminary framework for characterizing the maintenance and cerebral representation of different types of mind wandering, but also highlights the importance of taking mind wandering into consideration when studying brain organization with resting-state fMRI in the future.
Development of a novel model of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis in mice
Authors: Pan Yiyuan , Li Yong , Gao Lin , Tong Zhihui , Ye Bo , Liu Shufeng , Li Baiqiang , Chen Yizhe , Yang Qi , Meng Lei , Wang Yuhui , Liu George , Lu Guotao , Li Weiqin , Li Jieshou 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe morbidity rate of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) increased rapidly over the last decade. However an appropriate animal model was lacking to recapitulate this complicated human disease. We established a novel mice model of HTG-AP by poloxamer 407 (P-407) combined with caerulein (Cae). In our study, serum triglyceride levels of P-407 induced mice were elevated in a dose-dependent manner, and the pancreatic and pulmonary injuries were much severer in HTG mice than normal mice when injected with conventional dose Cae (50 ug/kg), what’s more, the severity of AP was positively correlative with duration and extent of HTG. In addition, we found that a low dose Cae (5 ug/kg) could induce pancreatic injury in HTG mice while there was no obvious pathological injury in normal mice. Finally, we observed that HTG leaded to the increased infiltrations of macrophages and neutrophils in mice pancreatic tissues. In conclusion, we have developed a novel animal model of HTG-AP that can mimic physiological, histological, clinical features of human HTG-AP and it could promote the development of therapeutic strategies and advance the mechanism research on HTG-AP.
Meta‐stability immunity technique for high speed SAR ADCs
Authors: Qiu L. , Tang K. , Zheng Y.J. , Siek L. 
Published: January 2017

An 8‐bit 4 GS/s 8‐channel time‐interleaved successive approximation register (SAR) analogue‐to‐digital converter (ADC) is presented. To enhance the ENOB (effective number of bits), a meta‐stability immunity technique is proposed, which utilises pre‐installation to eliminate uncertain decision. The technique has negligible design overhead in terms of power and silicon area. The ADC chip was fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS technology. It achieves an ENOB of 7.45 bits, with 48 mW power consumption and an area of 0.075 mm2.
GSTP1 and CYP2B6 Genetic Polymorphisms and the Risk of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Zachaki Sophia , Daraki Aggeliki , Polycarpou Elena , Stavropoulou Chrysa , Manola Kalliopi , Gavrili Stavroula 
Published: January 2017

Objectives Antioxidant response plays a key role in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) pathogenesis. The glutathione-S-tranferases pi 1 (GSTP1) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) detoxification enzymes protect cells from oxidative damage. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the A313G GSTP1 and G516T CYP2B6 inactivating polymorphisms could be associated with BPD susceptibility.
Study Design To test this hypothesis, we conducted a case–control study enrolled 138 premature neonates ≤32 weeks of gestational age; of the 138, 46 developed BPD and 92 did not develop BPD. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from neonates' peripheral blood and was used as template for GSTP1 and CYP2B6 genotyping using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method.
Results Our report provides evidence for a possible pathogenetic role of the G516T CYP2B6 polymorphism in BPD susceptibility. Although no differences in the frequencies of the GSTP1 variant genotypes were noticed between premature neonates who developed BPD and neonates who did not develop BPD, a significantly higher frequency of the GSTP1 polymorphism was observed in extremely low birth weight infants. Despite the small sample size, it is very interesting the fact that all neonates ≤1,000 g carrying the homozygous mutant GSTP1 genotype developed BPD.
Conclusion Our results underscore the significance of both CYP2B6 and GSTP1 polymorphisms in modulating the risk of BPD.
Fake attributives in Chinese
Authors: Zhuang Huibin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFake attributives in Chinese are the result of the interaction between syntax and prosody. For syntactic reasons, certain objects of complex verbal constructions and verbal quantifiers cannot be realized in situ; but they can be spelled out in some roundabout ways, one of which is to form fake attributives throughde-insertion. In the forming process of fake attributives, the cliticdeplays an important role, andde-insertion is frequently resorted to in facilitating the correspondence between the phonological structure and the syntactic structure, with the aim of ensuring meaning conveyance. It is concluded that fake attributives are initiated, to some extent, by mismatches between syntactic and phonological structure and derived whendeis inserted to enhance their correspondence.
Multinomial N-Mixture Models Improve the Applicability of Electrofishing for Developing Population Estimates of Stream-Dwelling Smallmouth Bass
Authors: Mollenhauer Robert , Brewer Shannon K. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Failure to account for variable detection across survey conditions constrains progressive stream ecology and can lead to erroneous stream fish management and conservation decisions. In addition to variable detection's confounding long-term stream fish population trends, reliable abundance estimates across a wide range of survey conditions are fundamental to establishing species–environment relationships. Despite major advancements in accounting for variable detection when surveying animal populations, these approaches remain largely ignored by stream fish scientists, and CPUE remains the most common metric used by researchers and managers. One notable advancement for addressing the challenges of variable detection is the multinomial N-mixture model. Multinomial N-mixture models use a flexible hierarchical framework to model the detection process across sites as a function of covariates; they also accommodate common fisheries survey methods, such as removal and capture–recapture. Effective monitoring of stream-dwelling Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu populations has long been challenging; therefore, our objective was to examine the use of multinomial N-mixture models to improve the applicability of electrofishing for estimating absolute abundance. We sampled Smallmouth Bass populations by using tow-barge electrofishing across a range of environmental conditions in streams of the Ozark Highlands ecoregion. Using an information-theoretic approach, we identified effort, water clarity, wetted channel width, and water depth as covariates that were related to variable Smallmouth Bass electrofishing detection. Smallmouth Bass abundance estimates derived from our top model consistently agreed with baseline estimates obtained via snorkel surveys. Additionally, confidence intervals from the multinomial N-mixture models were consistently more precise than those of unbiased Petersen capture–recapture estimates due to the dependency among data sets in the hierarchical framework. We demonstrate the application of this contemporary population estimation method to address a longstanding stream fish management issue. We also detail the advantages and trade-offs of hierarchical population estimation methods relative to CPUE and estimation methods that model each site separately.
Received June 13, 2016; accepted October 14, 2016Published online January 12, 2017
The behavior of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in different environments
Authors: Shintani Masaki 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMobile genetic elements (MGEs) including plasmids have an important role in the rapid evolution and adaptation of bacteria. Here, the behavior of MGEs in different environments is reviewed, in particular, behavior of the plasmid pCAR1, a carbazole-degradative plasmid isolated from Pseudomonas resinovorans CA10. pCAR1 belongs to incompatibility P-7 group and is self-transmissible among different bacteria. Comparisons of changes in the transcriptome of different host strains caused by carrying pCAR1 revealed common responses in the hosts and host-specific responses. Monitoring the survival of the host and transfer of the plasmid in artificial and natural environmental samples revealed several environmental factors, including cations and water content, which changed the behavior of both the host and its plasmid. Single-cell level analysis to detect the transconjugants of different plasmids successfully determined the transfer range of the plasmids. Three nucleoid-associated proteins encoded on pCAR1 are important factors affecting its genetic stability, maintenance, and transfer.
Methods to characterize the structure of food powders – a review
Authors: Ho Thao M , Truong Tuyen , Bhandari Bhesh R 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Food powders can exist in amorphous, crystalline or mixed structure depending on the order of molecular arrangement in the powder particle matrices. In food production, the structure of powders has a greatly effect on their stability, functionality, and applicability. The undesirable structure of powders can be accidentally formed during production. Therefore, characterization of powder structure as well as quantification of amorphous–crystalline proportions presenting in the powders are essential to control the quality of products during storage and further processing. For these purposes, many analytical techniques with large differences in the degree of selectivity and sensitivity have been developed. In this review, differences in the structure of food powders are described with a focus being placed on applications of amorphous powders. Essentially, applicability of common analytical techniques including X-ray, microscopic, vapor adsorption, thermal, and spectroscopic approaches for quantitative and qualitative structural characterization of food powders is also discussed.
Leveraging the Skills of Nurses and the Power of Language Nutrition to Ensure a Better Future for Children
Authors: Darcy Mahoney Ashley , Zauche Lauren Head , Hallowell Sunny , Weldon Arianne , Stapel-Wax Jennifer 
Published: January 2017

Background:
Early language exposure is critical for language acquisition and significantly influences a child's literacy skills. However, preterm infants may experience language deprivation in the neonatal intensive care unit. Nurses are vital to helping parents understand their critical role in early language development.

Purpose:
To discuss the impact of language-rich interactions and interventions that promote early language exposure, or Language Nutrition, by parents and caregivers on the long-term developmental, language, and educational outcomes of high-risk infants.

Methods/Search Strategy:
A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science to identify articles that examined the influence of language interactions with high-risk infants on developmental outcomes. Recent campaigns touting the importance of early language exposure were identified through the Bridging the Word Gap Research Network.

Findings/Results:
Increasing preterm infants' exposure to Language Nutrition improves their language development, promotes parent–infant attachment, and decreases parent stress. In addition, it may result in greater neuroplasticity and volume of the auditory cortex. Several campaigns have been developed to increase children's access to Language Nutrition and can be implemented into everyday pediatric and neonatal care.

Implications for Practice:
Pediatric, neonatal nurses and advanced practice nurses are uniquely positioned to play a transformational role in high-risk infants' developmental trajectory by educating parents about the importance of Language Nutrition and supporting parents as they engage with their infant.

Implications for Research:
Studies investigating the population-level impact of interventions aimed at increasing infants' access to Language Nutrition as well as studies identifying effective ways to communicate messages about Language Nutrition are warranted.