bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QTc interval in patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic treatment as monotherapy or polypharmacy
Authors: Elliott Anja , Mørk Thibault Johan , Højlund Mikkel , Christensen Thomas , Jeppesen Rasmus , Madsen Nikolaj , Viuff Anne Grethe , Hjorth Peter , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Munk-Jørgensen Povl 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveAntipsychotics are associated with a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, torsades de pointes, which, in the worst case, can lead to sudden cardiac death. The QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) is used as a clinical proxy for torsades de pointes. The QTc interval can be prolonged by antipsychotic monotherapy, but it is unknown if the QTc interval is prolonged further with antipsychotic polypharmaceutical treatment. Therefore, this study investigated the associations between QTc interval and antipsychotic monotherapy and antipsychotic polypharmaceutical treatment in schizophrenia, and measured the frequency of QTc prolongation among patients.MethodsWe carried out an observational cohort study of unselected patients with schizophrenia visiting outpatient facilities in the region of Central Jutland, Denmark. Patients were enrolled from January of 2013 to June of 2015, with follow-up until June of 2015. Data were collected from clinical interviews and clinical case records.ResultsElectrocardiograms were available for 65 patients, and 6% had QTc prolongation. We observed no difference in average QTc interval for the whole sample of patients receiving no antipsychotics, antipsychotic monotherapy, or antipsychotic polypharmaceutical treatment (p=0.29). However, women presented with a longer QTc interval when receiving polypharmacy than when receiving monotherapy (p=0.01). A limitation of this study was its small sample size.ConclusionsWe recommend an increased focus on monitoring the QTc interval in women with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotics as polypharmacy.
Identifying attributes of food literacy: a scoping review
Authors: Azevedo Perry Elsie , Thomas Heather , Samra H Ruby , Edmonstone Shannon , Davidson Lyndsay , Faulkner Amy , Petermann Lisa , Manafò Elizabeth , Kirkpatrick Sharon I 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveAn absence of food literacy measurement tools makes it challenging for nutrition practitioners to assess the impact of food literacy on healthy diets and to evaluate the outcomes of food literacy interventions. The objective of the present scoping review was to identify the attributes of food literacy.DesignA scoping review of peer-reviewed and grey literature was conducted and attributes of food literacy identified. Subjects included in the search were high-risk groups. Eligible articles were limited to research from Canada, USA, the UK, Australia and New Zealand.ResultsThe search identified nineteen peer-reviewed and thirty grey literature sources. Fifteen identified food literacy attributes were organized into five categories. Food and Nutrition Knowledge informs decisions about intake and distinguishing between ‘healthy’ and ‘unhealthy’ foods. Food Skills focuses on techniques of food purchasing, preparation, handling and storage. Self-Efficacy and Confidence represent one’s capacity to perform successfully in specific situations. Ecologic refers to beyond self and the interaction of macro- and microsystems with food decisions and behaviours. Food Decisions reflects the application of knowledge, information and skills to make food choices. These interdependent attributes are depicted in a proposed conceptual model.ConclusionsThe lack of evaluated tools inhibits the ability to assess and monitor food literacy; tailor, target and evaluate programmes; identify gaps in programming; engage in advocacy; and allocate resources. The present scoping review provides the foundation for the development of a food literacy measurement tool to address these gaps.
The Special Collections in the Peace Palace Library and the Work of Library Director Dr Jacob ter Meulen
Authors: Vervliet Jeroen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper was originally presented under the title ‘The Peace Palace Library. Its collections: historic and those serving the objective of contemporary arbitration and adjudication. Its users: courts, academics and the general public’. The paper was delivered by Jeroen Vervliet at the Socio-Legal Sources and Methods in International Law workshop, held at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies in London on November 25th, 2016.
Religious Institutions and Collective Action: The Catholic Church and Political Activism in Indigenous Chiapas and Yucatán
Authors: Hale Christopher W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWhy do religious organizations facilitate secular political activism in some settings but not others? I contend that where religious institutions are characterized by decentralized local governance, they are more likely to facilitate political activism. Drawing on nine months of field research and 60 interviews, I conduct a qualitative comparison between the Mexican states of Chiapas and Yucatán. I argue Chiapas exhibits highly decentralized governance by the Catholic Church whereas Yucatán exhibits centralized clerical management. This difference accounts for why Chiapas experiences high levels of indigenous political activism while Yucatán experiences very little political activism.
Purpose-in-Life Test: Comparison of the Main Models in Patients with Mental Disorders
Authors: García-Alandete Joaquín , Marco José H. , Pérez Sandra 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the main proposed models for the Purpose-In-Life Test, a scale for assessing meaning in life, in 229 Spanish patients with mental disorders (195 females and 34 males, aged 13–68, M = 34.43, SD = 12.19). Confirmatory factor-analytic procedures showed that the original model of the Purpose-In-Life Test, a 20-item unidimensional scale, obtained a better fit than the other analyzed models, SBχ2(df) = 326.27(170), SBχ2/df = 1.92, TLI = .93, CFI = .94, IFI = .94, RMSEA = .063 (90% CI [.053, .074]), CAIC = –767.46, as well as a high internal consistency, (α = .90). The main conclusion is that the original version of the Purpose-In-Life shows a robust construct validity in a clinical population. However, authors recommend an in-depth psychometric analysis of the Purpose-In-Life Test among clinical population. Likewise, the importance of assessing meaning in life in order to enhance psychotherapeutic treatment is noted.
Characterization and reversal of Doxorubicin-mediated biphasic activation of ERK and persistent excitability in sensory neurons of Aplysia californica
Authors: Lakshminarasimhan Harini , Coughlin Brittany L. , Darr Amber S. , Byrne John H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX), a common chemotherapeutic agent, impairs synaptic plasticity. DOX also causes a persistent increase in basal neuronal excitability, which occludes serotonin-induced enhanced excitability. Therefore, we sought to characterize and reverse DOX-induced physiological changes and modulation of molecules implicated in memory induction using sensory neurons from the marine mollusk Aplysia californica. DOX produced two mechanistically distinct phases of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation, an early and a late phase. Inhibition of MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK kinase) after DOX treatment reversed the late ERK activation. MEK inhibition during treatment enhanced the late ERK activation possibly through prolonged downregulation of MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1). Unexpectedly, the late ERK activation negatively correlated with excitability. MEK inhibition during DOX treatment simultaneously enhanced the late activation of ERK and blocked the increase in basal excitability. In summary, we report DOX-mediated biphasic activation of ERK and the reversal of the associated changes in neurons, a potential strategy for reversing the deleterious effects of DOX treatment.
Quantitative Protein Topography Measurements by High Resolution Hydroxyl Radical Protein Footprinting Enable Accurate Molecular Model Selection
Authors: Xie Boer , Sood Amika , Woods Robert J. , Sharp Joshua S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe report an integrated workflow that allows mass spectrometry-based high-resolution hydroxyl radical protein footprinting (HR-HRPF) measurements to accurately measure the absolute average solvent accessible surface area (<SASA>) of amino acid side chains. This approach is based on application of multi-point HR-HRPF, electron-transfer dissociation (ETD) tandem MS (MS/MS) acquisition, measurement of effective radical doses by radical dosimetry, and proper normalization of the inherent reactivity of the amino acids. The accuracy of the resulting <SASA> measurements was tested by using well-characterized protein models. Moreover, we demonstrated the ability to use <SASA> measurements from HR-HRPF to differentiate molecular models of high accuracy (<3 Å backbone RMSD) from models of lower accuracy (>4 Å backbone RMSD). The ability of <SASA> data from HR-HRPF to differentiate molecular model quality was found to be comparable to that of <SASA> data obtained from X-ray crystal structures, indicating the accuracy and utility of HR-HRPF for evaluating the accuracy of computational models.
Field-driven dynamics and time-resolved measurement of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya torque in canted antiferromagnet YFeO3
Authors: Kim Tae Heon , Grüenberg Peter , Han S. H. , Cho B. K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractElectrical spin switching in an antiferromagnet is one of the key issues for both academic interest and industrial demand in new-type spin devices because an antiferromagnetic system has a negligible stray field due to an alternating sign between sub-lattices, in contrast to a ferromagnetic system. Naturally, questions arise regarding how fast and, simultaneously, how robustly the magnetization can be switched by external stimuli, e.g., magnetic field and spin current. First, the exploitation of ultrafast precessional motion of magnetization in antiferromagnetic oxide has been studied intensively. Regarding robustness, the so-called inertia-driven switching scenario has been generally accepted as the switching mechanism in antiferromagnet system. However, in order to understand the switching dynamics in a canted antiferromagnet, excited by magnetic field, accurate equation of motion and corresponding interpretation are necessary. Here, we re-investigate the inertia-driven switching process, triggered by the strict phase matching between effective driving field, dh/dt, and antiferromagnetic order parameters, l. Such theoretical approaches make it possible to observe the static parameters of an antiferromagnet, hosting Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction. Indeed, we estimate successfully static parameters, such as DM, exchange, and anisotropy energies, from dynamical behaviour in YFeO3, studied using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.
Metabolic and microbial signatures in rat hepatocellular carcinoma treated with caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid
Authors: Zhang Zhan , Wang Di , Qiao Shanlei , Wu Xinyue , Cao Shuyuan , Wang Li , Su Xiaojian , Li Lei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment remains lack of effective chemopreventive agents, therefore it is very attractive and urgent to discover novel anti-HCC drugs. In the present study, the effects of chlorogenic acid (ChA) and caffeic acid (CaA) on HCC induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) were evaluated. ChA or CaA could reduce the histopathological changes and liver injury markers, such as alanine transarninase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bile acid, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The underlying mechanisms were investigated by a data integration strategy based on correlation analyses of metabonomics data and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing data. ChA or CaA could inhibit the increase of Rumincoccaceae UCG-004 and reduction of Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, and Prevotella 9 in HCC rats. The principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis were applied to reveal the metabolic differences among these groups. 28 different metabolites showed a trend to return to normal in both CaA and ChA treatment. Among them, Bilirubin, L-Tyrosine, L-Methionine and Ethanolamine were correlated increased Rumincoccaceae UCG-004 and decreased of Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis and Prevotella 9. These correlations could be identified as metabolic and microbial signatures of HCC onset and potential therapeutic targets.
Effects of long-term cultivation of transgenic Bt rice (Kefeng-6) on soil microbial functioning and C cycling
Authors: Zhaolei Lee , Naishun Bu , Jun Cui , Xueping Chen , Manqiu Xiao , Feng Wang , Zhiping Song , Changming Fang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractUnderstanding how soil ecosystem responds to transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) rice is necessary for environmental risk assessment. While the influences of short-term cultivation of Bt rice on soil properties have been reported previously, little is known about the long-term effects of Bt rice on soil ecosystems. In this study, soil samples were taken from a long-term rice cultivation site in Fujian Province, China, where transgenic Bt rice (Kefeng-6) and its non-Bt parent breed (Minghui-86) had been continuously cultivated for 8 years. Soil Bt protein concentration and a total of 16 variables were analyzed to assess potential risks of soil health under Bt rice cultivation. The results revealed that soil Bt protein is unlikely to accumulate after Bt rice cultivated in the field, and no consistently significant changes were observed in soil enzymatic activities (catalase, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and urease), microbial biomass (microbial carbon and nitrogen), total organic carbon, decomposition (soil respiration, Q10, and qCO2), soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents. Due to a local tradition that aboveground biomass was removed after harvest, the increased net primary productivity by Bt rice cultivation did not significantly change soil C cycling. Results of this study suggested that on the aspects of soil microbial functioning and C cycling, long-term cultivation of Bt rice is unlikely to result in significant effects on soil health.
Single-block pulse-on electro-optic Q-switch made of LiNbO
3
Authors: Shang Jifang , Sun Jun , Li Qinglian , Yang Jinfeng , Zhang Ling , Xu Jingjun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA novel LiNbO3 (lithium niobate, LN) electro-optic (EO) Q-switch that can independently operate in the pulse-on regime without the assistance of a quarter-wave plate (QWP) or analyzer was designed and demonstrated. By theoretical analysis and calculations, the proper orientation of the LN was determined to be θ = 1.7° and φ = ±45°, and the quarter-wave voltage was identical to that of a conventional LN EO Q-switch. Additionally, the possible influences caused by the small angular variation between the wave normal and optic axis were found to be negligible. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a LN crystal has been (xztw)-1.2°/1.2°-cut and used successfully in a pulse-on cavity without using a QWP or analyzer. The performance of the novel Q-switched laser and its temperature dependence were verified to be almost identical to those of a conventional pulse-on LN EO Q-switched laser, which strongly demonstrates the practicability of our novel Q-switch. This novel Q-switch design enables a more compact, lossless and stable laser cavity, which is of great concern for engineering applications.
Consonant Acoustics in Parkinson's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis: Comparison of Clear and Loud Speaking Conditions
Authors: Tjaden Kris , Martel-Sauvageau Vincent 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe impact of clear speech or an increased vocal intensity on consonant spectra was investigated for speakers with mild dysarthria secondary to multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease and healthy controls.MethodSentences were read in habitual, clear, and loud conditions. Spectral moment coefficients were obtained for word-initial and word-medial /s/, /ʃ/, /t/, and /k/. Global production differences among conditions were confirmed with measures of vocal intensity and articulation rate.ResultsStatic or slice-in-time first moments (M1) for loud differed most frequently from habitual, but neither loud nor clear enhanced M1 contrast for consonant pairs. In several instances, the clear and loud conditions yielded stable or nonvarying fricative M1 time histories. Spectral contrast was reduced for word-medial versus word-initial consonant pairs.ConclusionThe finding that the loud and especially clear condition yielded fairly subtle changes in consonant spectra suggests these global techniques may minimally enhance consonant segmental production or contrast in mild dysarthria. The robust effect of word position on consonant spectra indicates that this variable deserves consideration in future studies. Future research also is needed to investigate how or whether consonant production bears on the improved intelligibility previously reported for these global dysarthria treatment techniques.
Effects of In-Season Explosive Strength Training on Maximal Leg Strength, Jumping, Sprinting, and Intermittent Aerobic Performance in Male Handball Athletes
Authors: Hermassi Souhail , Chelly Mohamed , Fieseler Georg , Bartels Thomas , Schulze Stephan , Delank Karl-Stefan , Shephard Roy , Schwesig René 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background Team handball is an intense ball sport with specific requirements on technical skills, tactical understanding, and physical performance. The ability of handball players to develop explosive efforts (e. g. sprinting, jumping, changing direction) is crucial to success.
Objective The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effects of an in-season high-intensity strength training program on the physical performance of elite handball players.
Materials and methods Twenty-two handball players (a single national-level Tunisian team) were randomly assigned to a control group (CG; n = 10) or a training group (TG; n = 12). At the beginning of the pilot study, all subjects performed a battery of motor tests: one repetition maximum (1-RM) half-squat test, a repeated sprint test [6 × (2 × 15 m) shuttle sprints], squat jumps, counter movement jumps (CMJ), and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1. The TG additionally performed a maximal leg strength program twice a week for 10 weeks immediately before engaging in regular handball training. Each strength training session included half-squat exercises to strengthen the lower limbs (80 – 95 % of 1-RM, 1 – 3 repetitions, 3 – 6 sets, 3 – 4 min rest between sets). The control group underwent no additional strength training. The motor test battery was repeated at the end of the study interventions.
Results In the TG, 3 parameters (maximal strength of lower limb: η² = 0.74; CMJ: η² = 0.70, and RSA best time: η² = 0.25) showed significant improvements, with large effect sizes (e. g. CMJ: d = 3.77). A reduction in performance for these same 3 parameters was observed in the CG (d = -0.24).
Conclusions The results support our hypothesis that additional strength training twice a week enhances the maximal strength of the lower limbs and jumping or repeated sprinting performance. There was no evidence of shuttle sprints ahead of regular training compromising players’ speed and endurance capacities.
Integrity and justice: what is required of free market participants?
Authors: Bauman David 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to present an account of integrity and justice in a free market. The article seeks to answer the question, “When evaluating integrity, what does justice require of free market participants?” using historical, philosophical, and economic perspectives. The answer to this question can guide researchers and practitioners to better evaluate market participants and their integrity or counterfeit integrity. Market participants include corporations, investors, employees, communities, unions, consumers and governments within the context of democratic institutions. The article first outlines an account of integrity that explains the connection between integrity attributions and the moral community. Adam Smith’s ideal model of a free market and several critiques from a justice perspective are then presented. A review of different accounts of justice follows and it is argued that defining justice as desert (that is, give others what they are owed) avoids irreconcilable justice accounts and increases transparency. Using the accounts of integrity and justice situated in a free market, a description is provided of the implications of these accounts by analyzing how two companies, Apple and McDonald’s, demonstrate integrity or counterfeit integrity in regards to the justice issues of wealth inequality and low wages. This article is published as part of a collection on integrity and its counterfeits.
Challenging the bounds of tellability
Authors: Svahn Johanna , Karlsson Marie 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe study focuses on how preadolescent girls in instances of adult-children talk within the institutional setting of a girl group discussion forum construct joint stories that challenge a master narrative of school bullying. The unfolding of one such multi-party storytelling event on the topic of victimization is analyzed; primarily highlighting the participants’ interactional management of diverse moral concerns, blame allocations, and issues of responsibility. All in all, the study highlights how the girls’ collaborative storytelling comes to redefine moral concepts and test the institutional borders of tellability in ways that also raise questions about the institutional foundations of school bullying interventions.
“Brown eyes are not the same as blue eyes”
Authors: Piekut Anke 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn Denmark, the Adult Education Centres have a “sweeper” function for young adults who need to recommence education. This study explores two L2 (Danish as Second Language) students and how their educational narratives confirm or counter the master narratives of adult education. Students at the centres are commonly identified as adults with social and personal challenges, but their educational narratives and experiences are far more complex. As the edifying institutional narratives of the Adult Centres encompass both professionalism and care, the vernacular narratives characterise the centres as hang-outs for problematic adults without the ability to make a persistent effort in their own life. Students at the centres have to navigate and position themselves in relation to these conflicting stories by giving voice to educational struggles, social relations and agency in their own educational narratives.