bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-Based Practice Education for Better Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Nurses and Midwives
Authors: Hines Sonia , Kynoch Kathryn , Munday Judy , McArdle Annie 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Evidence-based practice (EBP) education is important to overcome barriers to evidence use in practice.

Method:
The authors conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the EBP knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of RNs and midwives who had participated in an EBP workshop and compared their results with those of nonparticipants.

Results:

A total of 198 nurses and midwives responded to the survey, 91 who had received EBP education and 107 who had not. There was a significant difference in terms of mean total KAP score which was significantly higher in the education group, indicating greater KAP in those respondents than those who had not received education (
p
= .004).

Conclusion:
This study has shown that participation in a single day of EBP education covering the basic steps of EBP results in nurses who have more positive attitudes, and greater knowledge and practice abilities in EBP than those who had not participated.

J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2017;48(6):256–262.
Understanding the Continuing Education Needs of Rural Midwestern Nurses
Authors: McCafferty Kandis L. , Ball Sarah J. , Cuddigan Janet 
Published: June 2017

Background:
The continuing education needs of rural nurses are not well understood. Rural hospitals face special challenges that serve as barriers to the attainment of continuing education. The purpose of this study was to assess the educational needs and barriers identified by rural nurses in two midwestern states.

Method:
A 12-item needs assessment survey developed by the researchers and administered at forums in nine rural hospitals was completed by 119 nurses.

Results:
The areas identified as the highest need included postpartum hemorrhage, preterm labor, pediatric care, preeclampsia, shoulder dystocia, and embolism. The barriers to obtaining updated education included distance to travel for educational opportunities and lack of staff for coverage while attending the programs.

Conclusion:
Identifying the learning needs, preferred learning strategies, and potential barriers to continuing education of rural nurses is a critical step in designing educational offerings that enhance their knowledge. Interprofessional simulation-based learning may be particularly helpful in enhancing the clinical competence and confidence necessary to provide safe patient care in rural settings.

J Contin Nurs Educ.
2017;48(6):265–269.
A Continuing Education Conference About Patients With Parkinson's Disease and Their Caregivers
Authors: Bhimani Rozina , Palluck Hailey , Mathiason Moore Michelle A. , Anderson Lisa Carney 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Conferences—formal meetings for learning—are a common venue for nurses to receive continuing education. This study used multimodal strategies, such as storytelling, lecture, case presentation, and discussions, to a deliver conference presentation.

Method:
Seventy-five and 69 rehabilitation nurses completed pretest and posttest surveys, respectively. Using an evaluative research design, seven questions measured the change in knowledge for Parkinson's disease (PD) and PD patient caregiver's needs. Two additional questions measured the change in comfort level with both topics.

Results:

For knowledge questions, the mean (±
SD
) number of correct questions significantly increased from 3.4 (±1.0) to 5.2 (±0.9) (
t
= −10.0,
p
< .001). Participants reported increased comfort with PD and caregivers' needs, which was also statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Multimodal education strategies can provide robust conference experiences and improve learning. For the successful transfer of knowledge to diverse learners, careful planning of conference content must include attention to diverse teaching strategies.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(6):270–275.
New Insights into the Role of IL-1β in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Lin Chih-Chung , Edelson Brian T. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, are neuroinflammatory diseases driven by autoreactive pathogenic TH cells that elicit demyelination and axonal damage. How TH cells acquire pathogenicity and communicate with myeloid cells and cells of the CNS remain unclear. IL-1β is recognized to play an important role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and perhaps MS. Clinical EAE is significantly attenuated in IL-1R–deficient and IL-1β–deficient mice, and IL-1β is found in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and CNS lesions of MS patients. In this article, we focus on new reports that elucidate the cellular sources of IL-1β and its actions during EAE, in both lymphoid tissues and within the CNS. Several immune cell types serve as critical producers of IL-1β during EAE, with this cytokine inducing response in both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. These findings from the EAE model should inspire efforts toward investigating the therapeutic potential of IL-1 blockade in MS.
The neurochemistry of peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Benga Andreea , Zor Fatih , Korkmaz Ahmet , Marinescu Bogdan , Gorantla Vijay 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTPeripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) can be most disabling, resulting in the loss of sensitivity, motor function and autonomic control in the involved anatomical segment. Although injured peripheral nerves are capable of regeneration, sub-optimal recovery of function is seen even with the best reconstruction. Distal axonal degeneration is an unavoidable consequence of PNI. There are currently few strategies aimed to maintain the distal pathway and/or target fidelity during regeneration across the zone of injury. The current state of the art approaches have been focussed on the site of nerve injury and not on their distal muscular targets or representative proximal cell bodies or central cortical regions. This is a comprehensive literature review of the neurochemistry of peripheral nerve regeneration and a state of the art analysis of experimental compounds (inorganic and organic agents) with demonstrated neurotherapeutic efficacy in improving cell body and neuron survival, reducing scar formation and maximising overall nerve regeneration.
Columella reconstruction with an inferiorly-based philtral advancement flap in a cocaine abuser
Authors: Di Santo Davide , Trimarchi Matteo , Galli Andrea , Bussi Mario 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTNasal columella defects can significantly impair aesthetic appearance. Columella reconstruction can be very challenging for surgeons, especially if due to cocaine abuse. The case of a 32-year-old male patient with subtotal columellar necrosis secondary to cocaine abuse is presented. An inferiorly based philtral advancement flap was performed to cover the defect. Aesthetic outcome was the primary goal of surgery. Reconstruction led to good aesthetic and functional results.
Soft embalming of cadavers for training purposes: Optimising for long-term use in tropical weather
Authors: Reddy Raghuveer , Iyer Subramania , Pillay Minnie , Thankappan Krishnakumar , Ramu Janarthanan 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Background: Surgical and anatomical training has been found to be most optimally simulated in a cadaver than any other available methods. Soft embalming methods have made the bodies more ‘lifelike’ and better suited for training. The widely accepted soft embalming techniques, including Thiel embalming, are designed for temperate climates. Their use in tropical locations has been found to be associated with poor short-term and long-term preservation of the bodies. In fact, adequate reports from tropical countries on effective methods for soft embalming are lacking. Materials and Methods: This article details the modifications made in the Thiel embalming technique over a period of 2 years which has enabled us to preserve the anatomical features of bodies in an optimal way for longer periods in tropical conditions. This study was carried out in a tertiary care referral centre located in a tropical climate zone. A total of 13 frozen and thawed cadavers were used over a period of 2 years for developing such soft embalming technique. The efficacy of the technique was tested using these cadavers for varying types of surgical exercises on multiple occasions. Results: The conventionally described technique of Thiel embalming did not provide desired results. Hence, various modifications to this technique were instituted which helped us to get superior quality of soft-embalmed cadavers. In the final year, these cadavers were used successfully for workshops in flap dissection. Head and neck access surgery, arthroscopic and laparoscopic procedures as well as mock face and hand transplant dissections. Conclusions: The Theil embalming technique for obtaining soft embalmed cadavers, even though found to be best in many centres in the world, has not been found to be suitable to tropical weather. By modifying it, we have succeeded in developing a technique suitable to the tropical weather. This technique yields cadavers suitable for various surgical simulation exercises. This technique also allows the body to be optimally used over several months in multiple occasions. These modifications are very simple and have been described in detail enabling it to be adopted by any surgical skill laboratory in the tropical countries.
Modified Cantwell–Ransley repair for isolated continent epispadias in adult: Our experience
Authors: Gite Venkat Arjunrao , Jain Hitesh Mahendra , Bote Sachin M. , Nikose Jayant Vijay 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTPurpose: We evaluate here our experience with modified Cantwell–Ransley technique described by Gearhart for correction of isolated continent epispadias in adults with respect to its long-term functional outcome and complications. Introduction: Isolated male epispadias is a rare anomaly with a reported incidence of 1 in 11,700 males. Many surgical techniques with various modifications described to correct epispadias as treatment are debatable and challenging. The majority of the cases are treated at childhood as clinical presentation is striking at birth; hence, presentation in adulthood is extremely rare. Materials and Methods: During the past 5 years, modified Cantwell–Ransley technique described by Gearhart was performed in five cases of isolated continent epispadias which includes two cases of proximal penile, two distal penile and one penopubic. All cases were fresh except one had prior failed repair. Corporal rotation was done by delayed absorbable sutures without incision and anastomosis and suprapubic diversions placed in all the cases. Results: All cases followed up ranging from 6 months to 5 years and were having horizontal and downwards angled penis. No case had urethrocutaneous fistula or stricture. One case had superficial skin infection which healed by secondary intention did not require any secondary procedure. All cases maintained erection post-operatively too. Catheterisation with soft tube revealed easily negotiable channel in all cases on follow-up. Conclusion: Modified Cantwell–Ransley repair described by Gearhart has excellent cosmetic, functional and anatomical results in isolated continent epispadias in the adult.
Use of selfie sticks and iPhones to record operative photos and videos in plastic surgery
Authors: Chandrappa Ashok Basur , Nagaraj Pradeep Kumar , Vasudevan Srikanth , Nagaraj Anantheswar Yelampalli , Jagadish Krithika , Shah Ankit 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTUse of smartphone has become ubiquitous. With smartphone cameras becoming powerful, they are replacing digital cameras and digital SLRs as primary instruments to take photos and record videos. It is natural even for plastic surgeons that smartphones are handy to take still photographs and even record high-definition or 4K videos. Another invention which has become popular with smartphone photography is a selfie stick. We explain the possibility and methodology of using an iPhone and selfie stick to take operative photographs and high-quality videos.
Sequential Use of Testosterone Gel and Growth Hormone in Expected Poor Responders and those with Previous Poor Assisted Reproductive Technology Outcomes: A Pilot Study
Authors: Balasubramanyam Sathya 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionPoor responders have suboptimal outcomes following conventionalin vitrofertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment. There is some evidence that transdermal testosterone and growth hormone may help in improving live birth rates in this group.AimTo present a case series of women who had sequential transdermal testosterone and growth hormone treatment in view of their being expected poor responders or with a history of previous poor oocyte or embryo quality.SettingPrivate assisted reproduction clinic.Materials and methodsA total of 24 women underwent 30 cycles of controlled ovarian stimulation. Ten patients out of 24 had previous poor assisted reproductive technology outcomes, of which 4 were poor responders. Fourteen were expected poor responders. The women used approximately 1.2 gm of transdermal testosterone from day 5 to 25 along with a standard oral contraceptive pill. Growth hormone was given at 8 units/day subcutaneously from day 2 along with the gonadotropins in the antagonist protocol.ResultsThe mean age of the women was 34.92 years (±3.6). The average duration of subfertility was 7.54 (±4.005) years. The mean antral follicle count was 9 (±3.28) and the mean anti-Mullerian hormone level was 1.2 ng/mL (±0.56). The mean number of eggs collected was 8 (±5.45). Number of mature (M2) eggs was 6.6 (±4.5) Mean number of eggs fertilized was 5.04 (±4.03); clinical pregnancy rate was 8/24 (33.3%) and ongoing pregnancy rate was 4/24 (16.6%).ConclusionThis case series shows an encouraging clinical pregnancy rate. The reduced ongoing pregnancy rate probably reflects the suboptimal gamete quality. Further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to assess the efficacy of sequential transdermal testosterone and growth hormone therapy in poor responders.Clinical significanceThe ongoing pregnancy rate in this group with poor prognosis seems encouraging, and further well-designed RCTs would help in assessing the merits of this sequential therapy.How to cite this articleBalasubramanyam S. Sequential Use of Testosterone Gel and Growth Hormone in Expected Poor Responders and those with Previous Poor Assisted Reproductive Technology Outcomes: A Pilot Study. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2017;8(1):1-4.
Territórios informais da prostituição: estudo de caso das travestis da avenida da Feb em Várzea Grande – MT
Authors: Romancini Sonia Regina 
Published: June 2017

ResumoO fenômeno urbano é complexo e torna-se cada vez mais difícil analisar suas problemáticas sem contemplar as territorialidades informais que se apresentam amiúde nas cidades contemporâneas. Desse modo, se faz igualmente necessário pesquisar os agentes socioespaciais informais, pois estes representam a própria originalidade do cotidiano urbanístico; se reproduzem no espaço utilizando-se de uma peculiar característica: a informalidade. Entre tantos agentes socioespaciais informais, pesquisamos as travestis que se utilizam de locais específicos da Avenida da FEB − importante centralidade do comércio de veículos e autopeças da cidade de Várzea Grande - MT – para desenvolverem através de territorialização a atividade de prostituição. Contraditoriamente, esses agentes se reproduzem espacialmente ora negando a lógica formal de apropriação do espaço, ora reproduzindo analogamente o modo de produção capitalista.Palavras-chave: Várzea Grande; Território Informal; Travesti. AbstractThe urban phenomenon is complex and it is becoming increasingly difficult to analyze its problems without addressing the informal territorialities which are often present in contemporary cities. Thus, it is also necessary to research the informal socio-spatial agents, as they represent the very originality of the urban daily life; they reproduce in space making use of a peculiar feature: the informality. Among many informal socio-spatial agents, we research the transvestites that make use of specific locations at FEB avenue –an important centrality of vehicles and auto parts trade in the city of Várzea Grande - MT - to develop the prostitution activitythrough territorialisation. Contradictorily, these agents reproduce spatially either denying the formal logic of appropriation of space, or analogously reproducing the capitalist mode of production.Keywords: Várzea Grande; Informal Territory; Prostitution; Transvestite. ResumenEl fenómeno urbano es complejo y cada vez se torna más difícil analizar su problemática sin abordar las territorialidades informales que se presentan a menudo en las ciudades contemporáneas. Por lo tanto, se hace necesario para la investigación el estudio de agentes socioespaciales informales; aquellos que se apropian del espacio negando la lógica de la apropiación privada y que representan, de cierta forma, la propia originalidad de lo cotidiano reproduciendose en el espacio a través de una característica peculiar: la informalidad. De este modo se trabajó con un grupo social Travesti ubicado sobre la Avenida de la FEB (importante centralidad para el comercio de vehículos y autopiezas en la ciudad de Várzea Grande-MT) para desarrollar a partir de la territorialización, actividades de prostitución, lo cual, contradictoriamente, se reproduce espacialmente una negación a la lógica formal de la apropiación del espacio, pero reproduciendo análogamente el modo de producción capitalista.Palabras clave: Várzea Grande; Territorio Informal; Travesti.
Community perceptions of barriers to stroke recovery and prevention in greater Kampala, Uganda: Implications for policy and practice
Authors: Blixen Carol , Nakibuuka Jane , Kaddumukasa Mark , Nalubwama Haddy , Amollo Mathew , Katabira Elly , Sajatovic Martha 
Published: June 2017

Objective: Stroke risk and stroke burden are increasing in Sub Saharan Africa. Qualitative analysis was used to assess perceived barriers to stroke recovery and prevention in an urban/suburban Ugandan population in order to refine and implement a promising nurse and peer-led self-management intervention previously conducted in the United States.Methods: In depth interviews and focus groups were conducted with 48 participants (stroke survivors, caretakers, and those at risk for stroke). All interviews and focus groups were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using content analysis, with an emphasis on dominant themes.Results: Three major domains of perceived barriers to stroke recovery and prevention emerged from the data: (1) Individual barriers (PTSD, stress, resistance to seeking care, medication non-adherence, unhealthy lifestyles, functional impairment, and a paucity of stroke knowledge); (2) Family/community barriers (lack of family and community support and caretaker burden); and (3) Provider and healthcare system barriers (lack of access and inadequate follow-up). Importantly, participants in this study identified a pressing need for increasing stroke awareness in the community as part of recovery and prevention efforts.Conclusions: Stroke risk reduction efforts implemented at the patient, community, and healthcare system levels are needed. These efforts could, perhaps, be modeled along the lines of a previous very successful public health initiative to reduce HIV burden in Uganda.
Transurethral microwave hyperthermia in the treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis
Authors: Mene Matthew P. , Ginsberg Phillip C. , Finkelstein Leonard H. , Manfrey Samuel J. , Osborne Dawn 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis is an ill-understood and difficult-to-diagnose disease. Symptoms of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis are similar to those of chronic prostatitis and include low back pain, frequency, dysuria, perineal discomfort, and painful ejaculation. In view of uncertainty about etiology, treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis remains speculative. Most treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms and not at curing the disease. Because of the troublesome nature of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and the poor results obtained from traditional treatment methods, a new modality of transurethral microwave hyperthermia was investigated. Six patients were treated from January 1994 through June 1995 by use of transurethral microwave hyperthermia. These men were treated four times during a 2-week period. Their average symptom score decrease was 74.9% and was associated with minimal morbidity. Based on this result, it is concluded that transurethral microwave hyperthermia is a safe and effective treatment modality for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis.
Interferon alfa-associated retinopathy
Authors: Chambers Robert B. , Downie Alan , Foote Brittain , Davidorf Frederick H. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Interferon alia and its related compounds have been used for more than 10 years in the treatment of a number of conditions including viral illnesses, childhood hemangiomas, various cancers, and leukemia. The potential applications for this class of medication continue to grow. The use of interferon alia in experimental protocols has also increased, thus making it more likely that new indications will be discovered. It is probable that primary care physicians will be called on to initiate therapy or will see patients being treated with interferon in their practice. We report the development of interferon-related retinopathy in a 43-year-old man while he was receiving experimental treatment with interferon alfa for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. The vision loss was acute and only partially reversible. Interferon, its mechanism of action, and the past literature are briefly discussed.
VESPA: Very large-scale Evolutionary and Selective Pressure Analyses
Authors: Webb Andrew E. , Walsh Thomas A. , O’Connell Mary J. 
Published: June 2017

Background
Large-scale molecular evolutionary analyses of protein coding sequences requires a number of preparatory inter-related steps from finding gene families, to generating alignments and phylogenetic trees and assessing selective pressure variation. Each phase of these analyses can represent significant challenges, particularly when working with entire proteomes (all protein coding sequences in a genome) from a large number of species.

Methods
We present VESPA, software capable of automating a selective pressure analysis using codeML in addition to the preparatory analyses and summary statistics. VESPA is written in python and Perl and is designed to run within a UNIX environment.

Results
We have benchmarked VESPA and our results show that the method is consistent, performs well on both large scale and smaller scale datasets, and produces results in line with previously published datasets.

Discussion
Large-scale gene family identification, sequence alignment, and phylogeny reconstruction are all important aspects of large-scale molecular evolutionary analyses. VESPA provides flexible software for simplifying these processes along with downstream selective pressure variation analyses. The software automatically interprets results from codeML and produces simplified summary files to assist the user in better understanding the results. VESPA may be found at the following website: http://www.mol-evol.org/VESPA.