bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of simulated electric fields of transcranial magnetic stimulation targeting different cortical motor regions
Authors: Zhang Jack Jiaqi , Zhang Bella Bingbing , Bai Zhongfei , Fong Kenneth N. K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis computational simulation study investigates the strength of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)‐induced electric fields (EF) in primary motor cortex (M1) and secondary motor areas. Our results reveal high interindividual variability in the strength of TMS‐induced EF responses in secondary motor areas, relative to the stimulation threshold in M1. Notably, the activation of the supplementary motor area requires high‐intensity stimulation, which could be attributed to the greater scalp‐to‐cortex distance observed over this area. These findings emphasize the importance of individualized planning using computational simulation for optimizing neuromodulation strategies targeting the cortical motor system.
Successful management of a ruptured cystic artery pseudoaneurysm with embolization and cholecystectomy: A case report
Authors: Heidari Amirhossein , Ghane Yekta , Heidari Nazila , Kasraianfard Amir , Kargar Mahsa , Moradi Ali Mohammad 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageCystic artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare phenomenon associated with cholecystitis. We describe the successful management of angioembolisation and cholecystectomy.AbstractCystic artery pseudoaneurysm (CAP) is a rare but clinically significant condition with various etiological factors. Cholecystitis is a prominent cause, often leading to inflammation‐induced arterial wall erosion and pseudoaneurysm formation. CAP can present with a range of symptoms, including hemobilia, upper GI bleeding, and jaundice. Despite its rarity, CAP warrants attention in emergency care due to its potential for life‐threatening arterial bleeding. Timely diagnosis is crucial, with imaging techniques playing a key role. Depending on the clinical context, management options include endovascular embolization and surgical intervention. Due to the limited cases, standard protocols remain elusive. A 64‐year‐old woman presented with abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss, prompting an evaluation for possible gallbladder cancer. She experienced sudden abdominal pain and upper gastrointestinal bleeding (hematemesis). Laboratory findings revealed leukocytosis, anemia, and abnormal liver function tests. Imaging showed gallbladder wall thickening, luminal contraction, and a pseudoaneurysm in the cystic artery. The patient underwent angioembolization followed by cholecystectomy, confirming acute cholecystitis and CAP with thrombosis. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and appropriate management in CAP, particularly when accompanied by acute cholecystitis.
Unusual coexistence: A case of mixed small and large cell neuroendocrine tumor in a bladder previously affected by bilharzial cystitis
Authors: Salem Mohammed Saleh E. Khalifa , Alherek Abdul , Van Rooyen Martin , Mukendi Alain Mwamba 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageNeuroendocrine tumors of the bladder are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all bladder tumors. Among these, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is an extremely uncommon subtype. We report on a histologically confirmed case of mixed both large and small cells neuroendocrine tumor of the bladder in a 64‐year‐old male with a history of bilharzial cystitis. The diagnosis was made after radical cystectomy with Immunohistochemical staining revealing positivity for synaptophysin, CD56, and AE1/3. While bilharzia is commonly linked to squamous cell carcinoma in the bladder, the potential relationship with neuroendocrine tumors is still relatively unexplored in this context. This case marks the first reported instance of the atypical coexistence of bilharzial cystitis and mixed large and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder. This unique case of coexisting highlights a rare phenomenon warranting further study. Similar associations have been documented in other organs, emphasizing the importance of exploring underlying mechanisms and clinical implications for improved patient care and outcomes.
Photoinduced Enantioselective Triplet Radical Reaction on Metal: Copper‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Acylsilanes to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones and Aldehydes
Authors: Masuda Yusuke , Ueda Yusuke , Sueki Aiko , Shimosato Junpei , Nishimura Kousei , Gao Min , Hasegawa Jun‐ya , Sawamura Masaya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA photoinduced copper‐catalyzed enantioselective conjugate addition of acylsilanes has been developed. The conjugate acylation of α,β‐unsaturated ketones and aldehydes was promoted by a copper(I)/chiral NHC catalyst under visible‐light irradiation for synthesizing various 2‐substituted 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds in enantioenriched forms. Mechanistic studies combining experiments and quantum chemical calculations indicated a reaction mechanism involving copper‐to‐acyl charge transfer (i. e., metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT)) excitation of an alkene‐bound acylcopper complex. The MLCT excitation is followed by an electronical and geometrical change to generate a triplet β‐radical‐C‐enolate‐Cu(II)‐acyl complex with an acyl radical character, which undergoes facile excited state C−C bond formation in the copper coordination sphere, affording the 1,4‐conjugate addition product.
A Dinitrogen Divanadium Complex Supported by a Trisamidophosphine Ligand
Authors: Chen Dong‐Ping , Cui Yun‐Shu , He Bo‐Han , Liu Feng , Zhai Dan‐Dan , Shi Zhang‐Jie 
Published: September 2024

Comprehensive SummaryThe reaction between tripodal trisamidophosphine ligand H3PN3Ar and V(Mes)3(THF) (Mes = mesityl) yields the vanadium(III) complex (PN3Ar)V (1) with an open site in the axial position, which could coordinate with THF, pyridine, and NH3 to form the corresponding adducts (2—4). The vanadium(III) center is redox‐active, as demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry methods and chemical oxidation or reduction. Notably, a novel dinitrogen divanadium complex with a bridging N2 ligand, {K(THF)}2{[PN3Ar]V}2(μ‐N2) (6), was synthesized via treatment of 1 with 1 equivalent of potassium naphthalenide in THF under a N2 atmosphere. The electronic structures and binding properties of 6 are evaluated and discussed based on its DFT calculations. Additionally, these vanadium complexes (1, 5, 6) can serve as catalysts for the conversion of N2 into N(SiMe3)3 in the presence of reductants and Me3SiCl.
Synthesis of Indole‐Fused Eight‐Membered Oxa‐Rings via Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric [4+4] Cycloaddition of Indole‐2,3‐Quinodimethanes with 2‐Alkylidenetrimethylene Carbonates
Authors: Lu Xinhao , Wang Yi , He Chenghan , Liu Yang‐Zi , Deng Wei‐Ping 
Published: September 2024

Comprehensive SummaryWe report a palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric [4+4] cycloaddition reaction between 2‐alkylidenetrimethylene carbonate and electron‐deficient indole‐2,3‐quinodimethanes (IQDMs). This reaction features exclusive regioselectivity, high yield (up to 98%), excellent enantioselectivity (up to 95% ee), and easy scale‐up without any loss of efficiency, making it valuable for the synthesis of indole‐fused eight‐membered oxa‐rings.
Analysis, design, and implementation of a simple switched‐coupled‐inductor boost DC‐AC inverter
Authors: Chang Yuen‐Haw , Hsu Kai‐Lin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a simple switched‐coupled‐inductor inverter (SCII), as well as completes the relevant analysis, design, and implementation, for efforts aimed at achieving boost DC‐AC inversion and strengthening closed‐loop regulation. In structure, the power‐part circuit consists of switched‐coupled‐inductor booster and half‐bridge DC‐link inverter, connected in cascade between supply
and output
to work for the AC output range as
(n: turn ratio,
: ratio cycle). As adopting
,
,
, the output
can be lifted to
(i.e., DC 24 V to AC 100 Vrms, 60 Hz). In control, the control‐part circuit consists of phase generator and sinusoidal pulse‐width‐modulation (SPWM) block and generates driver signals of switches according to the feedback signal of
for the needs of timing sequence (to different topologies) and output regulation/robustness (to various desired output/loading variation). The related chip circuit is designed via pre‐/post‐layout Cadence procedure and then practically is implemented on a real chip (D35‐106B‐E0027, TSMC 0.35 μm, 1500 × 1500 μm2, 3.3 V, 2.146 mW, 100 kHz max., 18S/B) via the assistance of TSMC and Chip Implementation Center (CIC). In theory, some relevant analysis and design will be discussed, such as modeling, conversion ratio, power efficiency, parameter selection, system stability, and control design. In implementation, several simulation/experiment cases via testing on the SCII's prototype circuit are illustrated to examine the efficacy of the proposed scheme.
Multianalyte Approach—Including Automated Preparation of Calibrators—for Validated Quantification of 82 Drugs in Whole Blood by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Steuer Andrea E. , Keller Maja , Kraemer Thomas , Poetzsch Sandra N. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBioanalysis, such as the quantification of drugs in different matrices, is of great importance in forensic toxicology. Nowadays, mainly so‐called multianalyte approaches are used given their increased speed and effectiveness. However, such multianalyte procedures can be difficult to develop and maintain with sufficient robustness in the laboratory. One aspect of this is the tedious, manual preparation of spiking solutions containing such a great number of analytes. Therefore, the current study aimed to develop and validate a fast, simple, and robust liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for the quantification of 82 classic drugs and to evaluate an alternative autosampler‐assisted automated approach for the preparation of spiking solutions. Simple protein precipitation of 200‐μL whole blood was used followed by analysis by reversed‐phase LC–MS/MS in advanced scheduled multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The method was fully validated according to international guidelines, including selectivity, recovery, matrix effects, linearity, bias/imprecision, processed‐sample stability, and limits. Validation criteria were fulfilled for all analytes except for buprenorphine and five benzodiazepines. In the context of a multianalyte procedure, a (multipurpose) autosampler‐assisted automatic preparation of calibrator spiking solutions proved comparable to manual preparation. Thus, automated preparation can overcome the frequently performed manual, time‐consuming, and error‐prone steps of multianalyte approaches and still allow for customized calibration ranges. Since its introduction, more than 8000 cases have been measured with the presented method, and 35 proficiency tests have been passed.
Evaluating the Effects of Solid‐Phase Cartridge Chemistry on Extraction of Bisphosphonates and ITPP From Equine Plasma
Authors: Klingberg Joshua , Richards Stacey , Hochwallner Travis , Kennan Lauren , Keledjian John 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBisphosphonate drugs and myo‐inositol trispyrophosphate are of concern to the racing industry and have been listed as prohibited substances in equine sports. The current bisphosphonate plasma screening analysis employed at the Australian Racing Forensic Laboratory involves the use of sequential solid‐phase extraction procedures, passing the samples through a mixed mode cartridge, followed by a weak anion exchange cartridge. The eluates collected following the second extraction are then methylated and analysed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Under these extraction conditions, some bisphosphonates have shown poor recovery. To improve the extraction efficacy, the effects of cartridge chemistry were evaluated. In particular, the weak anion exchange cartridges used for screening were compared to an affinisep AttractSPE polymeric phase cartridge. The effectiveness of each extraction approach was assessed through both a visual comparison of signal to noise in extracted chromatograms and recovery measurements to determine the best approach for routine screening.
Effective number of different populations: A new concept and how to use it
Authors: Kosman Evsey , Feijen Frida , Jokela Jukka 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWidely used methods to assess population genetic structure and differentiation rely on independence of marker loci. Following the assumption, the common metrics, for example FST, evaluate genetic structure by averaging across loci. Common metrics do not use information in the associations among loci at the individual level and are often criticized for failing to measure true differentiation even when loci segregate independently. We introduce a new concept to measure β‐variation (Effective Number of Different Populations, ENDP). It requires the following steps: (a) calculation of a proper dissimilarity between genetic profiles of all individuals; (b) calculation of suitable pairwise distances between the samples based on the dissimilarities between individuals; (c) calculation of diversity (in terms of Hill numbers) and dispersion of samples based on the pairwise distances between samples; (d) ENDP is then estimated by combining the diversity and dispersion. ENDP estimates β‐variation independently of estimates of within‐sample α‐variation, although β‐ and α‐estimates could statistically correlate to some extent. This new concept differs from the existing standard where β‐diversity is estimated based on the “partition of variation” scheme ( or ), so that estimates of β‐diversity directly depend on the corresponding values of α‐diversity. ENDP estimates are obtained by evaluating information in the available genetic profiles of individuals including association of loci. Therefore, ENDP can be used even in an absence of panmixia. We illustrate the use of this concept by analyzing the population genetic structure of a sexual species (a trematode parasite) occupying connected populations across a broad geographic area. The analysis is complicated by geographically coexisting cryptic species and the potential mixed‐mating system of this hermaphroditic parasite. Analyses with subsampled data demonstrated that ENDP estimates are robust. Number of loci used for genotyping has much stronger effect on variation of point ENDP estimates than sample size.
Inulin does not affect trimethylamine N‐oxide formation in mice with a high‐fat diet combined with choline and L‐carnitine
Authors: Wang Xin , Hu Xiaoyi , He Weiwei , Yin Jun‐Yi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that gut bacteria‐derived trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) elevates the risk of cardiovascular disease, and dietary fiber holds the potential to attenuate TMAO formation. However, the effectiveness of dietary fiber, such as inulin, in inhibiting TMAO formation remains controversial. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of inulin supplementation on TMAO formation in mice with high TMAO levels induced by a high‐fat diet (HFD) combined with choline and L‐carnitine. Results showed that HFD treatment significantly elevated blood TMAO concentrations and increased the abundances of TMAO formation‐associated gut bacteria, as well as the abundances of functional genes responsible for TMA formation. While the supplementation of choline and L‐carnitine greatly enhanced blood trimethylamine (TMA) and TMAO levels, inulin supplementation did not significantly affect TMAO levels and had limited impact on TMA‐associated gut bacteria, except for Desulfitobacterium hafniense.
Maternal fresh moringa leaf consumption and its association with birth weight in southern Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Derbo Zeritu Dewana , Debelew Gurmesa Tura 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBirth weight is an indicator of neonatal survival and development; however, poor nutrient intake during pregnancy is a primary contributor to low birth weight. Moringa is a multipurpose tree high in macro‐ and micronutrients. There is insufficient evidence on the relationship between fresh moringa leaf consumption during pregnancy and birth weight. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between maternal fresh moringa leaf consumption on birth weight in southern Ethiopia. A community‐based, prospective cohort study design was used with 230 pregnant women who consumed fresh moringa leaves and 230 who did not consume moringa leaves. The mothers were enrolled in their second trimester and monitored until delivery. The structural equation model was used to analyze β coefficients with p‐values <.05. The mean birth weight of newborns born to mothers who took fresh moringa leaves during pregnancy was 3334.42 g, which was considerably higher than the non‐consumer 3196.73 g (p = .008). Consuming it during pregnancy significantly increased birth weight by 115.77 g compared to non‐consumers (β = 115.77; SE = 43.03: p = .007). The study found that eating fresh moringa leaves during pregnancy increased the birth weight of the newborn. As a result, policymakers and managers of mother and child health programs should strive to promote the use of fresh moringa leaves throughout pregnancy. However, more clinical trials are required to discover the ideal/optimal amount per day and duration of fresh moringa leaves for best outcomes.
Molecular docking analysis of Salvia sclarea flower extracts evaluated for protein target affinity based on different extraction methods
Authors: Torunoglu Emine Incilay , Aytar Erdi Can , Durmaz Alper 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates the antioxidant activity and total phenolic, flavonoid, flavonol, and tannin contents of extracts obtained from the flower parts of Salvia sclarea using different extraction methods, such as maceration and rotavapor (RE). The results indicate that the maceration method yields extracts with higher antioxidant activity compared to the rotavapor method (DPPH IC50: 260.70 ± 65.41 mg/mL vs. 345.48 ± 27.91 mg/mL). Additionally, the maceration method produces higher values in terms of total phenolic (26.4 ± 7.78 mg GAE/g extract), flavonoid (10.44 ± 0.21 mg QE/g extract), flavonol (9.20 ± 0.84 mg QE/g extract), and tannin contents (8.36 ± 0.39 mg GAE/g extract), whereas the RE method shows lower values (phenolics: 19.8 ± 3.31 mg GAE/g extract, flavonoids: 10.35 ± 0.35 mg QE/g extract, flavanol's: 5.45 ± 0.01 mg QE/g extract, and tannins: 7.72 ± 0.10 mg GAE/g extract). The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of the extracts identified various bioactive compounds. Molecular docking studies revealed that Terpinen‐4‐ol obtained through maceration exhibits a strong binding affinity to a specific protein target, indicating potential biological activity. The predicted pharmacokinetic (ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion)) parameters for Terpinen‐4‐ol suggest favorable absorption and central nervous system (CNS) penetration, while Squalene obtained through maceration shows different pharmacokinetic properties. S. sclarea highlights significant antioxidant potential and provides insight into the bioactive compounds obtained through different extraction methods. To further investigate the potential biological interactions arising from these differences, molecular docking studies were conducted.
Clinical analysis of 163 pediatric patients with infectious mononucleosis: a single‐center retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Kun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to enhance the management of Epstein‐Barr Virus (EBV) infections by analyzing the correlation between laboratory indicators and clinical manifestations in children, thereby proposing more precise diagnostic and treatment strategies.MethodsIn this retrospective study included 163 pediatric patients with EBV infections treated at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University from December 2017 to December 2019. Data collected through retrospective analysis included gender, age, clinical symptoms, signs, liver function tests, T‐cell subset distribution, EBV‐DNA copy numbers in plasma, and treatment outcomes. Patients were grouped based on EBV‐DNA copy numbers in plasma and hospital stay duration to compare clinical indicators across different groups.ResultsThe dichotomous results of EBV‐DNA copy numbers in plasma showed that the two groups of children were significantly different in the number of days of fever (p = .0022), platelet count (p = .0212), ALT (p = .001), immunoglobulin IgM (p = .0039), IgG (p = .0195), TBiL (p = .025), LDH (p = 0.0001), and length of hospital stay (p < .001) were significantly different, indicating that EBV‐DNA copy numbers in plasma may be correlated with these characteristic variables. The dichotomous results of the length of hospital stay showed that the two groups were significantly increased in tonsil enlargement (p = .0024), platelet count (p = .0059), LDH (p = .0394), and ferritin (p = .0106) and EBV‐DNA copy numbers in plasma (p = 0.0361) were significantly different, This suggests a potential correlation between EBV‐DNA copy numbers in plasma and these clinical indicators.ConclusionVariations in platelet counts and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in children with EBV infections may serve as indicators of clinical outcomes.
A cross‐sectional survey‐based exploration of diversity in the admissions committees and student cohorts of genetic counseling programs over time
Authors: Warden‐Joseph Jared , Cook Courtney B. , Bland Austin , Austin Jehannine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs of 2022, 89% of genetic counselors report being White, and 93% report being women. We examined diversity in genetic counseling (GC) program admission committees (ACs—who are responsible for deciding who will make up the future GC workforce) and student cohorts to understand the impact of recent diversification efforts, and where future work should be focused. One representative from each AC of the 57 accredited GC programs in North America in 2022 was invited to participate in a cross‐sectional survey to provide information on the diversity of GC ACs and student cohorts between 2019 and 2022 for the following dimensions: race/ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, disability status, neurodiversity, and rural or low socioeconomic status backgrounds. Members of 38/57 (67%) ACs participated. Using the Cochran‐Armitage test for trends, significant increases were observed for the proportion of individuals of a racial/ethnic minority within ACs (from 9% in 2019 to 18% in 2022; p < 0.0001). There was no change for other minoritized social identities. There was no significant change over time in the proportion of students holding any of the minoritized social identities. A low correlation was found between the diversity of ACs and student cohorts. This study reaffirms the need for greater diversification efforts within ACs and student cohorts. Increased transparency about the social identities of AC members and about ACs' commitment to diversification may facilitate the diversification of the profession.
Finding dense minors using average degree
Authors: Hendrey Kevin , Norin Sergey , Steiner Raphael , Turcotte Jérémie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMotivated by Hadwiger's conjecture, we study the problem of finding the densest possible ‐vertex minor in graphs of average degree at least . We show that if has average degree at least , it contains a minor on vertices with at least edges. We show that this cannot be improved beyond . Finally, for we exactly determine the number of edges we are guaranteed to find in the densest ‐vertex minor in graphs of average degree at least .