bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ERRATUM: Formal description of Protosticta nigra spec. nov. from Vietnam
Authors: KOMPIER TOM 
Published: December 2016

Regrettably I neglected to indicate the type series for one of the new species described in Kompier (2016). Fixation of a holotype, or syntypes, is compulsory for names published after 1999 (ICZN 1999, Article 16.4.1). I am doing so here as a necessary element to validate the species description. The published paper contains a diagnosis and illustrations for the species. The diagnosis is repeated here for formal reasons. The name Protosticta nigra is thus only available from the present publication. I thank Jan van Tol and Dennis Paulson for their assistance.
Measurements of Ice Nucleating Particles and Ice Residuals
Authors: Cziczo Daniel J. , Ladino Luis , Boose Yvonne , Kanji Zamin A. , Kupiszewski Piotr , Lance Sara , Mertes Stephan , Wex Heike 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
It has been known that aerosol particles act as nuclei for ice formation for over a century and a half (see Dufour). Initial attempts to understand the nature of these ice nucleating particles were optical and electron microscope inspection of inclusions at the center of a crystal (see Isono; Kumai). Only within the last few decades has instrumentation to extract ice crystals from clouds and analyze the residual material after sublimation of condensed-phase water been available (see Cziczo and Froyd). Techniques to ascertain the ice nucleating potential of atmospheric aerosols have only been in place for a similar amount of time (see DeMott et al.). In this chapter the history of measurements of ice nucleating particles, both in the field and complementary studies in the laboratory, are reviewed. Remaining uncertainties and artifacts associated with measurements are described and suggestions for future areas of improvement are made.
Kernel Analog Forecasting of Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillations
Authors: Alexander Romeo , Zhao Zhizhen , Székely Eniko , Giannakis Dimitrios 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper presents the results of forecasting the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) through the use of satellite-obtained global brightness temperature data with a recently developed nonparametric empirical method. This new method, referred to as kernel analog forecasting, adopts specific indices extracted using the technique of nonlinear Laplacian spectral analysis as baseline definitions of the intraseasonal oscillations of interest, which are then extended into forecasts through an iterated weighted averaging scheme that exploits the predictability inherent to those indices. The pattern correlation of the forecasts produced in this manner remains above 0.6 for 50 days for both the MJO and BSISO when 23 yr of training data are used and 37 days for the MJO when 9 yr of data are used.
Why Has the Relationship between Indian and Pacific Ocean Decadal Variability Changed in Recent Decades?
Authors: Dong Lu , McPhaden Michael J. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Both the Indian and Pacific Oceans exhibit prominent decadal time scale variations in sea surface temperature (SST), linked dynamically via atmospheric and oceanic processes. However, the relationship between SST in these two basins underwent a dramatic transformation beginning around 1985. Prior to that, SST variations associated with the Indian Ocean basin mode (IOB) and the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO) were positively correlated, whereas afterward they were much less clearly synchronized. Evidence is presented from both observations and coupled state-of-the-art climate models that enhanced external forcing, particularly from increased anthropogenic greenhouse gases, was the principal cause of this changed relationship. Using coupled climate model experiments, it is shown that without external forcing, the evolution of the IOB would be strongly forced by variations in the IPO. However, with strong external forcing, the dynamical linkage between the IOB and the IPO weakens so that the negative phase IPO after 2000 is unable to force a negative phase IOB-induced cooling of the Indian Ocean. This changed relationship in the IOB and IPO led to unique SST patterns in the Indo-Pacific region after 2000, which favored exceptionally strong easterly trade winds over the tropical Pacific Ocean and a pronounced global warming hiatus in the first decade of the twenty-first century.
Mutational analysis of disease relapse in patients allografted for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Quek Lynn , Ferguson Paul , Metzner Marlen , Ahmed Ikhlaaq , Kennedy Alison , Garnett Catherine , Jeffries Sally , Walter Claudia , Piechocki Kim , Timbs Adele , Danby Robert , Raghavan Manoj , Peniket Andrew , Griffiths Mike , Bacon Andrew , Ward Janice , Wheatley Keith , Vyas Paresh , Craddock Charles 
Published: December 2016

Key Points
We identify genes prognostic of disease relapse in patients allografted for AML. Mutational profiles often change at relapse postallograft, which may have implications for the design of posttransplant interventions.
Defects in CD4+ T cell LFA-1 integrin-dependent adhesion and proliferation protect Cd47−/− mice from EAE
Authors: Azcutia Veronica , Bassil Ribal , Herter Jan M , Engelbertsen Daniel , Newton Gail , Autio Anu , Mayadas Tanya , Lichtman Andrew H , Khoury Samia J , Parkos Charles A , Elyaman Wassim , Luscinskas Francis W 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
CD47 is known to play an important role in CD4+ T cell homeostasis. We recently reported a reduction in mice deficient in the Cd47 gene (Cd47−/−) CD4+ T cell adhesion and transendothelial migration (TEM) in vivo and in vitro as a result of impaired expression of high-affinity forms of LFA-1 and VLA-4 integrins. A prior study concluded that Cd47−/− mice were resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a result of complete failure in CD4+ T cell activation after myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide 35–55 aa (MOG35–55) immunization. As the prior EAE study was published before our report, authors could not have accounted for defects in T cell integrin function as a mechanism to protect Cd47−/− in EAE. Thus, we hypothesized that failure of T cell activation involved defects in LFA-1 and VLA-4 integrins. We confirmed that Cd47−/− mice were resistant to MOG35–55-induced EAE. Our data, however, supported a different mechanism that was not a result of failure of CD4+ T cell activation. Instead, we found that CD4+ T cells in MOG35–55-immunized Cd47−/− mice were activated, but clonal expansion contracted within 72 h after immunization. We used TCR crosslinking and mitogen activation in vitro to investigate the underlying mechanism. We found that naïve Cd47−/− CD4+ T cells exhibited a premature block in proliferation and survival because of impaired activation of LFA-1, despite effective TCR-induced activation. These results identify CD47 as an important regulator of LFA-1 and VLA-4 integrin-adhesive functions in T cell proliferation, as well as recruitment, and clarify the roles played by CD47 in MOG35–55-induced EAE.
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) regulates host defense and protects mice against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection
Authors: Hsia Hung-Ching , Stopford Charles M , Zhang Zhigang , Damania Blossom , Baldwin Albert S 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mediates cellular responses to multiple cytokines, governs gene expression, and regulates the development and activation of immune cells. STAT3 also modulates reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) in ganglia. However, it is unclear how STAT3 regulates the innate immune response during the early phase of HSV-1 lytic infection. Many cell types critical for the innate immunity are derived from the myeloid lineage. Therefore, in this study, we used myeloid-specific Stat3 knockout mice to investigate the role of STAT3 in the innate immune response against HSV-1. Our results demonstrate that Stat3 knockout bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) expressed decreased levels of interferon-α (IFN-α) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) upon HSV-1 infection. In vivo, knockout mice were more susceptible to HSV-1, as marked by higher viral loads and more significant weight loss. Splenic expression of IFN-α and ISGs was reduced in the absence of STAT3, indicating that STAT3 is required for optimal type I interferon response to HSV-1. Expression of TNF-α and IL-12, cytokines that have been shown to limit HSV-1 replication and pathogenesis, was also significantly lower in knockout mice. Interestingly, Stat3 knockout mice failed to expand the CD8+ conventional DC (cDC) population upon HSV-1 infection, and this was accompanied by impaired NK and CD8 T cell activation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that myeloid-specific Stat3 deletion causes defects in multiple aspects of the immune system and that STAT3 has a protective role at the early stage of systemic HSV-1 infection.
Interhemispheric functional disconnection because of abnormal corpus callosum integrity in bipolar disorder type II
Authors: Yasuno Fumihiko , Kudo Takashi , Matsuoka Kiwamu , Yamamoto Akihide , Takahashi Masato , Nakagawara Jyoji , Nagatsuka Kazuyuki , Iida Hidehiro , Kishimoto Toshifumi 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundA significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) value has been shown in anterior parts of the corpus callosum in patients with bipolar disorder.AimsWe investigated the association between abnormal corpus callosum integrity and interhemispheric functional connectivity (IFC) in patients with bipolar disorder.MethodsWe examined the association between FA values in the corpus callosum (CC-FA) and the IFC between homotopic regions in the anterior cortical structures of bipolar disorder (n=16) and major depressive disorder (n=22) patients with depressed or euthymic states.ResultsWe found a positive correlation between the CC-FA and IFC values between homotopic regions of the ventral prefrontal cortex and insula cortex, and significantly lower IFC between these regions in bipolar disorder patients.ConclusionsThe abnormal corpus callosum integrity in bipolar disorder patients is relevant to the IFC between homotopic regions, possibly disturbing the exchange of emotional information between the cerebral hemispheres resulting in emotional dysregulation.
Effectiveness of antipsychotics used in first-episode psychosis: a naturalistic cohort study
Authors: Whale Richard , Harris Michael , Kavanagh Gail , Wickramasinghe Vijitha , Jones Christopher I. , Marwaha Steven , Jethwa Ketan , Ayadurai Nirmalan , Thompson Andrew 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundOne year of antipsychotic treatment from symptom remission is recommended following a first episode of psychosis (FEP).AimsTo investigate the effectiveness of commonly used antipsychotic medications in FEP.MethodA retrospective cohort study of naturalistic treatment of patients (N = 460) accepted by FEP services across seven UK sites. Treatment initiation to all-cause discontinuation determined from case files.ResultsRisk of treatment discontinuation is greatest within 3 months of treatment initiation. Risperidone had longest median survival time. No significant differences were observed in time to discontinuation between commonly used antipsychotics on multivariable Cox regression analysis. Poor adherence and efficacy failure were the most common reasons for discontinuation.ConclusionsEffectiveness differences appear not to be a current reason for antipsychotic choice in FEP. Adherence strategies and weighing up likely adverse effects should be the clinical focus.
A preliminary survey on the religious profile of Brazilian psychiatrists and their approach to patients' religiosity in clinical practice
Authors: Menegatti-Chequini Maria Cecilia , Gonçalves Juliane P.B. , Leão Frederico C. , Peres Mario F. P. , Vallada Homero 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundAlthough there is evidence of a relationship between religion/ spirituality and mental health, it remains unclear how Brazilian psychiatrists deal with the religion/spirituality of their patients.AimsTo explore whether Brazilian psychiatrists enquire about religion/spirituality in their practice and whether their own beliefs influence their work.MethodFour hundred and eighty-four Brazilian psychiatrists completed a cross-sectional survey on religion/spirituality and clinical practice.ResultsMost psychiatrists had a religious affiliation (67.4%) but more than half of the 484 participants (55.5%) did not usually enquire about patients' religion/spirituality. The most common reasons for not assessing patients' religion/spirituality were ‘being afraid of exceeding the role of a doctor’ (30.2%) and ‘lack of training’ (22.3%).ConclusionsVery religious/spiritual psychiatrists were the most likely to ask about their patients' religion/spirituality. Training in how to deal with a patient's religiosity might help psychiatrists to develop better patient rapport and may contribute to the patient's quicker recovery.
Prevalence and associated factors for suicidal ideation in the Lagos State Mental Health Survey, Nigeria
Authors: Adewuya Abiodun O. , Ola Bolanle A. , Coker Olurotimi A. , Atilola Olayinka , Zachariah Mathew P. , Olugbile Olufemi , Fasawe Adedolapo , Idris Olajide 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundTo combat the increasing rate of suicide, basic data on suicidal behaviours reflecting the uniqueness of the locality are needed in sub-Saharan Africa.AimsTo assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors.MethodAdults (n=11 246) from the five administrative divisions of Lagos State completed questionnaires detailing suicidal ideation, socio-demographic details, common mental disorders (depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms), alcohol and psychoactive substance use disorders and disability.ResultsThe weighted prevalence of current suicidal ideation was 7.28% (s.e. 0.27). Independently associated factors were older age, being female, not married, low occupational group, depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms and disability.ConclusionsDespite the validity of cross-national surveys, there is need for individual countries to generate complementary local data to explain variability in rates and risk factors in order to plan for suicide prevention or develop timely and effective response.
Simulation Models of Misclassification Error for Single Thresholds of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Due to Assay Bias and Imprecision
Authors: Lyon Andrew W , Kavsak Peter A , Lyon Oliver A S , Worster Andrew , Lyon Martha E 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Clinical outcome studies for cardiac troponins (cTn) are expensive and difficult to design owing to variation in patients, in the assays, and in the incidence of different types of myocardial infarction (MI). To overcome these difficulties, simulation models were used to estimate the rate of misclassification error for MI and risk prediction resulting from assay bias and imprecision.

METHODS
Finite mixture analysis of Abbott high-sensitivity cTnI (hs-cTnI) results at time 0 h in patients presenting early with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms to the emergency department (ED) [n = 145, Reducing the Time Interval for Identifying New Guideline (RING) study] allowed derivation of a simulation data set (n = 10000). hs-cTnI concentrations were modified by addition of bias or imprecision error. The percentage of all 10000 modified hs-cTnI results that were misclassified for MI at thresholds of 2, 5, 26.2, and 52 ng/L was determined by Monte Carlo simulation. Analyses were replicated with an all-comer emergency department (ED) population (n = 1137) ROMI (Optimum Troponin Cutoffs for ACS in the ED) study.

RESULTS
In the RING study, simulation at 26.2-ng/L (99th percentile) and 52-ng/L thresholds were affected by both bias ±2 ng/L and imprecision (10%–20%) and had misclassification rates of 0.4% to 0.6%. Simulations at the 2-ng/L and 5-ng/L thresholds were only affected by bias. Misclassification rates at bias of ±1 ng/L were 10% for the 2-ng/L threshold, and 5% for the 5-ng/L threshold.

CONCLUSIONS
Simulation models predicted that hs-cTnI results are seldom misclassified (&lt;1% of patients) when interpretative thresholds are near or exceed the overall 99th percentile. However, simulation models also predicted that low hs-cTnI results, as recommended in guidelines, are prone to misclassification of 5%–10% of patients.
Preparation and Application of a Nano α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 Photocatalyst for Removal of the Anti-cancer Drug Doxorubicin using the Taguchi Approach
Authors: Bigtan Mohammad Hosein , Mahanpoor Kazem , Shafie Hadi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 nano photocatalyst was the first step of this study. The α-Fe2O3 nanocatalyst was synthesized applying forced hydrolysis and reflux condensation followed by solid-state dispersion that was used for supporting α-Fe2O3 on SAPO-34. The next step was a characterization of the catalyst that was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Then, for optimizing the operational parameters in Doxorubicin’s degradation process the effect of Doxorubicin concentration, the amount of α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 nano photocatalyst, the pH, and H2O2 concentration was studied via the Taguchi method. The AL9 orthogonal array was adjusted and nine crucial runs were conducted. For calculating Signal/Noise ratio, each run was repeated three times. As the results showed, the concentration of Doxorubicin is the most effective parameter. Optimized conditions for removing the anti-cancer drug (based on Signal/Noise ratio) were Doxorubicin concentration (20 ppm), H2O2 concentration (3 mol/L), catalyst amount (50 mg/L) and pH = 8.
Using Steinberg algebras to study decomposability of Leavitt path algebras
Authors: Orloff Clark Lisa , Martín Barquero Dolores , Martín González Cándido , Siles Molina Mercedes 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Given an arbitrary graph E we investigate the relationship between E and the groupoid

G
E

{G_{E}}

.
We show that there is a lattice isomorphism between the lattice of pairs

(
H
,
S
)

{(H,S)}

, where H is a hereditary and saturated set of vertices and S is a set of breaking vertices associated to H, onto the lattice of open invariant subsets of

G
E

(
0
)

{G_{E}^{(0)}}

. We use this lattice isomorphism to characterise the decomposability of the Leavitt path algebra

L
K

⁢

(
E
)

{L_{K}(E)}

, where K is a field.
First we find a graph condition to characterise when an open invariant subset of

G
E

(
0
)

{G_{E}^{(0)}}

is closed.
Then we give both a graph condition and a groupoid condition each of which is equivalent to

L
K

⁢

(
E
)

{L_{K}(E)}

being decomposable in the sense that it can be written as a direct sum of two nonzero ideals. We end by relating decomposability of a Leavitt path algebra with the existence of nontrivial central idempotents. In fact, all the nontrivial central idempotents can be described.
Hausdorff moment problem: Recovery of an unknown support for a probability density function
Authors: Kazemi Amir , Shahdoosti Hamid Reza , Mnatsakanov Robert M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this work the following problem is discussed: Unknown are two objects, a probability density (corresponding to a distribution, or to a probability measure) f and its support

supp
⁡

{
f
}

=

[
L
,
U
]

{\operatorname{supp}\{f\}=[L,U]}

which is assumed to be bounded/compact.
Available is the sequence of all integer order moments of f and the goal is to recover the support

[
L
,
U
]

{[L,U]}

or both the support

[
L
,
U
]

{[L,U]}

and the density f.
This paper provides the sequences involving integer order moments that approximate the compact support of a probability measure.
The proposed sequences are based on the ratios of subsequent moments and they converge faster than the previously suggested sequences representing the n-th roots of n-th moments.
As a result, the approximation of a probability density function with unknown support is proposed.
The convergence of newly defined approximations of the boundaries and the densities are demonstrated through various examples, including the case of noisy data.
GNSS-SNR water level estimation using global
optimization based on interval analysis
Authors: Reinking J. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) from GNSS receivers
allows computing the height of a reflecting surface
by analyzing the interference pattern. In classical interference
pattern technique the distance between the antenna
and the reflector is derived from the multipath pattern using
a one-dimensional Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP)
which permits the estimation of constant or quasi static reflector
heights only. Inwaters with tidal influence some authors
used one-dimensional LSP to iteratively estimate an
approximate time-dependent correction term for the variable
reflector height. Other authors applied nonlinear least
squares adjustment that requires choosing initial parameters
what might become crucial due to the multimodality
of the problem.

We suggest and apply an alternative approach that allows
finding the global optimum of a multi-dimensional cost
function of a common least squares adjustment based on
interval analysis. This method reduces the computational
efforts compared to LSP. The technique is demonstrated
using a simulated data set derived fromreal measurements
on the Weser river, Germany. Additionally, real data from
a gauge in the North Sea is analyzed.
A Theory of Metadata Enriching and Filtering
Authors: Alemu Getaneh 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis paper presents a new theory of metadata enriching and filtering. The theory emerged from a rigorous grounded theory data analysis of 57 in-depth interviews with metadata experts, library and information science researchers, librarians as well as academic library users (G. Alemu,It is argued that enriched, interlinked and open metadata effectively rises and scales to the challenges presented by the growing digital collections and changing user expectations. This metadata approach allows users to pro-actively engage in co-creating metadata, hence enhancing the findability, discoverability and subsequent usage of information resources. This paper concludes by indicating the current challenges and opportunities to implement the theory of metadata enriching and filtering.
Very true operators on MTL-algebras
Authors: Wang Jun Tao , Xin Xiao Long , Saeid Arsham Borumand 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The main goal of this paper is to investigate very true MTL-algebras and prove the completeness of the very true MTL-logic. In this paper, the concept of very true operators on MTL-algebras is introduced and some related properties are investigated. Also, conditions for an MTL-algebra to be an MV-algebra and a Gödel algebra are given via this operator. Moreover, very true filters on very true MTL-algebras are studied. In particular, subdirectly irreducible very true MTL-algebras are characterized and an analogous of representation theorem for very true MTL-algebras is proved. Then, the left and right stabilizers of very true MTL-algebras are introduced and some related properties are given. As applications of stabilizer of very true MTL-algebras, we produce a basis for a topology on very true MTL-algebras and show that the generated topology by this basis is Baire, connected, locally connected and separable. Finally, the corresponding logic very true MTL-logic is constructed and the soundness and completeness of this logic are proved based on very true MTL-algebras.