bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Layer-Integrated Model of Solute Transport in Heterogeneous Media
Authors: Chen Hung-En , Lee Hui-Ping , Chiang Shih-Wei , Tsai Tung-Lin , Yang Jinn-Chuang 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study presents a numerical solution to the three-dimensional solute transport in heterogeneous media by using a layer-integrated approach. Omitting vertical spatial variation of soil and hydraulic properties within each layer, a three-dimensional solute transport can be simplified as a quasi-three-dimensional solute transport which couples a horizontal two-dimensional simulation and a vertical one-dimensional computation. The finite analytic numerical method was used to discretize the derived two-dimensional governing equation. A quadratic function was used to approximate the vertical one-dimensional concentration distribution in the layer to ensure the continuity of concentration and flux at the interface between the adjacent layers. By integration over each layer, a set of system of equations can be generated for a single column of vertical cells and solved numerically to give the vertical solute concentration profile. The solute concentration field was then obtained by solving all columns of vertical cells to achieve convergence with the iterative solution procedure. The proposed model was verified through examples from the published literatures including four verifications in terms of analytical and experimental cases. Comparison of simulation results indicates that the proposed model satisfies the solute concentration profiles obtained from experiments in time and space.
An Efficient Proximity Point Algorithm for Total-Variation-Based Image Restoration
Authors: Zhu Wei , Shu Shi , Cheng Lizhi 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a fast proximity point algorithm and apply it to total variation (TV) based image restoration. The novel method is derived from the idea of establishing a general proximity point operator framework based on which new first-order schemes for total variation (TV) based image restoration have been proposed. Many current algorithms for TV-based image restoration, such as Chambolle’s projection algorithm, the split Bregman algorithm, the Bermúdez-Moreno algorithm, the Jia-Zhao denoising algorithm, and the fixed point algorithm, can be viewed as special cases of the new first-order schemes. Moreover, the convergence of the new algorithm has been analyzed at length. Finally, we make comparisons with the split Bregman algorithm which is one of the best algorithms for solving TV-based image restoration at present. Numerical experiments illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
Asymptotic Study of a Boundary Value Problem Governed by the Elasticity Operator with Nonlinear Term
Authors: Benterki D. , Benseridi H. , Dilmi M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn this paper, a nonlinear boundary value problem in a three dimensional thin domain with Tresca’s friction law is considered. The small change of variable z = x3/ε transforms the initial problem posed in the domain Ωε into a new problem posed on a fixed domain Ω independent of the parameter ε. As a main result, we obtain some estimates independent of the small parameter. The passage to the limit on ε, permits to prove the results concerning the limit of the weak problem and its uniqueness.
A Four-Equation Eddy-Viscosity Approach for Modeling Bypass Transition
Authors: Xu Guoliang , Fu Song 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIt is very important to predict the bypass transition in the simulation of flows through turbomachinery. This paper presents a four-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence transition model for prediction of bypass transition. It is based on the SST turbulence model and the laminar kinetic energy concept. A transport equation for the non-turbulent viscosity is proposed to predict the development of the laminar kinetic energy in the pre-transitional boundary layer flow which has been observed in experiments. The turbulence breakdown process is then captured with an intermittency transport equation in the transitional region. The performance of this new transition model is validated through the experimental cases of T3AM, T3A and T3B. Results in this paper show that the new transition model can reach good agreement in predicting bypass transition, and is compatible with modern CFD software by using local variables.
Mixed Convection in Viscoelastic Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer Over a Stretching Sheet
Authors: Mastroberardino Antonio 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAn investigation is carried out on mixed convection boundary layer flow of an incompressible and electrically conducting viscoelastic fluid over a linearly stretching surface in which the heat transfer includes the effects of viscous dissipation, elastic deformation, thermal radiation, and non-uniform heat source/sink for two general types of non-isothermal boundary conditions. The governing partial differential equations for the fluid flow and temperature are reduced to a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations which are solved analytically using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). Graphical and numerical demonstrations of the convergence of the HAM solutions are provided, and the effects of various parameters on the skin friction coefficient and wall heat transfer are tabulated. In addition it is demonstrated that previously reported solutions of the thermal energy equation given in [1] do not converge at the boundary, and therefore, the boundary derivatives reported are not correct.
Tailored Finite Point Method for Numerical Solutions of Singular Perturbed Eigenvalue Problems
Authors: Han Houde , Shih Yin-Tzer , Tsai Chih-Ching 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe propose two variants of tailored finite point (TFP) methods for discretizing two dimensional singular perturbed eigenvalue (SPE) problems. A continuation method and an iterative method are exploited for solving discretized systems of equations to obtain the eigen-pairs of the SPE. We study the analytical solutions of two special cases of the SPE, and provide an asymptotic analysis for the solutions. The theoretical results are verified in the numerical experiments. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed schemes effectively resolve the delta function like of the eigenfunctions on relatively coarse grid.
Lattice Boltzmann Study of a Vortex Ring Impacting Spheroidal Particles
Authors: Yu Chunlong , Huang Haibo , Lu Xiyun 
Published: July 2016

AbstractInteraction of vortex rings with solid is an important research topic of hydrodynamic. In this study, a multiple-relaxation time (MRT) lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used to investigate the flow of a vortex ring impacting spheroidal particles. The MRT-LBM is validated through the cases of vortex ring impacting a flat wall. The vortex evolution due to particle size, the aspect ratio of a prolate particle, as well as Reynolds (Re) number are discussed in detail. When the vortex ring impacting a stationary sphere, the primary and secondary vortex rings wrap around each other, which is different from the situation of the vortex ring impacting a plate. For the vortex ring impacting with a prolate spheroid, the secondary vortex ring stretches mainly along the long axis of the ellipsoid particle. However, it is found that after the vortex wrapping stage, the primary vortex recovers along the short axis of the particle faster than that in the long axis, i.e., the primary vortex ring stretches mainly along the short axis of the particle. That has never been address in the literature.
Numerical Investigation of the Dynamics of a Flexible Filament in the Wake of Cylinder
Authors: Ru-Nan Hua  , Zhu Luoding , Xi-Yun Lu  
Published: July 2016

AbstractFluid-structure-interaction problems are ubiquitous, complicated, and not yet well understood. In this paper we investigate the interaction of a leading rigid circular cylinder and a trailing compliant filament and analyze the dynamic responses of the filament in the wake of the cylinder. It is revealed that there exist two flapping states of the filament depending on the cylinder-filament separation distance and the relevant critical distance distinguishing the two states is associated with the Reynolds number and the filament length. It is also found that the drag coefficient of the cylinder is reduced but that of the filament may be increased or decreased depending on its length. Compared with a single filament in a uniform flow, the filament of the same mechanical properties flapping in the wake of the cylinder has a lower frequency and a greater amplitude.
Compact Finite Difference Scheme for the Fourth-Order Fractional Subdiffusion System
Authors: Vong Seakweng , Wang Zhibo 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we study a high-order compact difference scheme for the fourth-order fractional subdiffusion system. We consider the situation in which the unknown function and its first-order derivative are given at the boundary. The scheme is shown to have high order convergence. Numerical examples are given to verify the theoretical results.
A High-Accuracy Finite Difference Scheme for Solving Reaction-Convection-Diffusion Problems with a Small Diffusivity
Authors: Hsieh Po-Wen , Yang Suh-Yuh , You Cheng-Shu 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper is devoted to a new high-accuracy finite difference scheme for solving reaction-convection-diffusion problems with a small diffusivity ε. With a novel treatment for the reaction term, we first derive a difference scheme of accuracyO(εh2+εh2+h3) for the 1-D case. Using the alternating direction technique, we then extend the scheme to the 2-D case on a nine-point stencil. We apply the high-accuracy finite difference scheme to solve the 2-D steady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in the stream function-vorticity formulation. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed difference scheme. Comparisons made with some high-order compact difference schemes show that the newly proposed scheme can achieve good accuracy with a better stability.
A Modeling Study on Particle Dispersion in Wall-Bounded Turbulent Flows
Authors: Lin Jian-Hung , Chang Keh-Chin 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThree physical mechanisms which may affect dispersion of particle’s motion in wall-bounded turbulent flows, including the effects of turbulence, wall roughness in particle-wall collisions, and inter-particle collisions, are numerically investigated in this study. Parametric studies with different wall roughness extents and with different mass loading ratios of particles are performed in fully developed channel flows with the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. A low-Reynolds-numberk–εturbulence model is applied for the solution of the carrier-flow field, while the deterministic Lagrangian method together with binary-collision hard-sphere model is applied for the solution of particle motion. It is shown that the mechanism of inter-particle collisions should be taken into account in the modeling except for the flows laden with sufficiently low mass loading ratios of particles. Influences of wall roughness on particle dispersion due to particle-wall collisions are found to be considerable in the bounded particle–laden flow. Since the investigated particles are associated with large Stokes numbers, i.e., larger thanO(1), in the test problem, the effects of turbulence on particle dispersion are much less considerable, as expected, in comparison with another two physical mechanisms investigated in the study.
Electronic data collection in epidemiological research
Authors: Barros Aluísio , Blumenberg Cauane 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThis paper describes the use of Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) to conduct one of the follow-up waves of the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort. The aim is to point out the advantages and limitations of using this electronic data capture environment to collect data and control every step of a longitudinal epidemiological research, specially in terms of time savings and data quality.We used REDCap as the main tool to support the conduction of a birth cohort follow-up. By exploiting several REDCap features, we managed to schedule assessments, collect data, and control the study workflow. To enhance data quality, we developed specific reports and field validations to depict inconsistencies in real time.Using REDCap it was possible to investigate more variables without significant increases on the data collection time, when comparing to a previous birth cohort follow-up. In addition, better data quality was achieved since negligible out of range errors and no validation or missing inconsistencies were identified after applying over 7,000 interviews.Adopting electronic data capture solutions, such as REDCap, in epidemiological research can bring several advantages over traditional paper-based data collection methods. In favor of improving their features, more research groups should migrate from paper to electronic-based epidemiological research.Citation: Blumenberg C, Barros AJD. Electronic data collection in epidemiological research: The use of REDCap in the Pelotas birth cohorts
Solving the Traveling Salesman Problem Based on The Genetic Reactive Bone Route Algorithm whit Ant Colony System
Authors: Yousefikhoshbakht Majid , Malekzadeh Nasrin , Sedighpour Mohammad 
Published: July 2016

<p>The TSP is considered one of the most well-known combinatorial optimization tasks and researchers have paid so much attention to the TSP for many years. In this problem, a salesman starts to move from an arbitrary place called depot and after visits all of the nodes, finally comes back to the depot. The objective is to minimize the total distance traveled by the salesman. Because this problem is a non-deterministic polynomial (NP-hard) problem in nature, a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm called REACSGA is used for solving the TSP. In REACSGA, a reactive bone route algorithm that uses the ant colony system (ACS) for generating initial diversified solutions and the genetic algorithm (GA) as an improved procedure are applied. Since the performance of the Metaheuristic algorithms is significantly influenced by their parameters, Taguchi Method is used to set the parameters of the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm is tested on several standard instances involving 24 to 318 nodes from the literature. The computational result shows that the results of the proposed algorithm are competitive with other metaheuristic algorithms for solving the TSP in terms of better quality of solution and computational time respectively. In addition, the proposed REACSGA is significantly efficient and finds closely the best known solutions for most of the instances in which thirteen best known solutions are also found.</p>
Continuous measurements of isotopic composition of water vapour on the East
Antarctic Plateau
Authors: Casado Mathieu , Landais Amaelle , Masson-Delmotte Valérie , Genthon Christophe , Kerstel Erik , Kassi Samir , Arnaud Laurent , Picard Ghislain , Prie Frederic , Cattani Olivier , Steen-Larsen Hans-Christian , Vignon Etienne , Cermak Peter 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Water stable isotopes in central Antarctic ice cores are critical to quantify past temperature changes. Accurate temperature reconstructions require one to understand the processes controlling surface snow isotopic composition. Isotopic fractionation processes occurring in the atmosphere and controlling snowfall isotopic composition are well understood theoretically and implemented in atmospheric models. However, post-deposition processes are poorly documented and understood. To quantitatively interpret the isotopic composition of water archived in ice cores, it is thus essential to study the continuum between surface water vapour, precipitation, surface snow and buried snow. Here, we target the isotopic composition of water vapour at Concordia Station, where the oldest EPICA Dome C ice cores have been retrieved. While snowfall and surface snow sampling is routinely performed, accurate measurements of surface water vapour are challenging in such cold and dry conditions. New developments in infrared spectroscopy enable now the measurement of isotopic composition in water vapour traces. Two infrared spectrometers have been deployed at Concordia, allowing continuous, in situ measurements for 1 month in December 2014–January 2015. Comparison of the results from infrared spectroscopy with laboratory measurements of discrete samples trapped using cryogenic sampling validates the relevance of the method to measure isotopic composition in dry conditions. We observe very large diurnal cycles in isotopic composition well correlated with temperature diurnal cycles. Identification of different behaviours of isotopic composition in the water vapour associated with turbulent or stratified regime indicates a strong impact of meteorological processes in local vapour/snow interaction. Even if the vapour isotopic composition seems to be, at least part of the time, at equilibrium with the local snow, the slope of δD against δ18O prevents us from identifying a unique origin leading to this isotopic composition.
A comparative analysis of UV nadir-backscatter and infrared limb-emission ozone data assimilation
Authors: Dragani Rossana 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. This paper presents a comparative assessment of ultraviolet nadir-backscatter and infrared limb-emission ozone profile assimilation. The Meteorological Operational Satellite A (MetOp-A) Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 2 (GOME-2) nadir and the ENVISAT Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) limb profiles, generated by the ozone consortium of the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (ESA O3-CCI), were individually added to a reference set of ozone observations and assimilated in the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) data assimilation system (DAS). The two sets of resulting analyses were compared with that from a control experiment, only constrained by the reference dataset, and independent, unassimilated observations. Comparisons with independent observations show that both datasets improve the stratospheric ozone distribution. The changes inferred by the limb-based observations are more localized and, in places, more important than those implied by the nadir profiles, albeit they have a much lower number of observations. A small degradation (up to 0.25 mg kg−1 for GOME-2 and 0.5 mg kg−1 for MIPAS in the mass mixing ratio) is found in the tropics between 20 and 30 hPa. In the lowermost troposphere below its vertical coverage, the limb data are found to be able to modify the ozone distribution with changes as large as 60 %. Comparisons of the ozone analyses with sonde data show that at those levels the assimilation of GOME-2 leads to about 1 Dobson Unit (DU) smaller root mean square error (RMSE) than that of MIPAS. However, the assimilation of MIPAS can still improve the quality of the ozone analyses and – with a reduction in the RMSE of up to about 2 DU – outperform the control experiment thanks to its synergistic assimilation with total-column ozone data within the DAS. High vertical resolution ozone profile observations are essential to accurately monitor and forecast ozone concentrations in a DAS. This study demonstrates the potential and limitations of each dataset and instrument type, as well as the need for a balanced future availability of nadir and limb sensors and long-term plans for limb-viewing instruments.
EROSIVIDADE E ERODIBILIDADE NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO CÓRREGO JOÃO DIAS, AQUIDAUANA/MS
Authors: Carvalho Elisângela Martins de , Leite Emerson Figueiredo 
Published: July 2016

Os processos de degradação do solo constituem grave problema em escala mundial, com consequências ambientais, sociais e econômicas significativas. São de fundamental importância estudos que avaliem a suscetibilidade dos terrenos aos processos erosivos, bem como, os fatores que influenciam nesse processo, como a quantidade e distribuição das chuvas, a declividade, o comprimento das encostas, as propriedades químicas e físicas do solo, o tipo de cobertura vegetal, e também a ação do homem, através do uso e manejo da terra. Este artigo tem como objetivo espacializar a erosividade da chuva e a erodibilidade do solo na Bacia Hidrográfica do Córrego João Dias, Aquidauana/MS, utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento. Estas variáveis compõem a Equação Universal de Perda de Solos. Os valores de Erosividade foram obtidos através da equação descrita por Lombardi Neto; Moldenhauer, citados por Bertoni e Lombardi Neto (2008), a partir de dados de 11 pluviômetros/estações localizados na bacia e em seu entorno. Para avaliar a erodiblidade dos solos na bacia considerou-se a textura e a permeabilidade dos solos através da análise da relação textural. Os resultados demonstraram que os valores de Erosividade (Fator R) variaram de 6214 a 10955 MJ.mm/ha.h, predominando na bacia a classe de erosividade que varia de 7800 a 8600 MJ.mm/ha.h. Quanto a erodibilidade cerca de 78,03% da bacia apresenta a classe de erodiblidade alta, localizada no baixo, médio e alto curso da bacia. A classe de erodibilidade considerada como extremamente alta e muito alta localiza-se principalmente no alto curso, em área de nascentes.
NOTAS SOBRE O APRISIONAMENTO NA BAHIA NO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Trindade Cláudia Moraes 
Published: July 2016

O artigo é aborda a situação prisional da Bahia no XIX tendo como foco principal a Casa de Prisão com Trabalho, primeira penitenciária baiana. Nele contextualizo o surgimento da penitenciária e da pena privativa da liberdade no Brasil, especificamente na Bahia. Apresento o panorama do aprisionamento da província no contexto da reforma prisional baiana. Discuto a organização administrativa da penitenciária baiana, seus funcionários e atribuições. Analiso o trabalho nas oficinas, a situação da enfermaria, a escola de primeiras letras, o esquema de segurança, os presos, entre outros temas da instituição.
POR UMA POLÍCIA MODERNA E RESPEITÁVEL: POLÍCIA E POLICIAIS EM PORTO ALEGRE (1886-1928)
Authors: Mauch Cláudia 
Published: July 2016

O artigo analisa a polícia de Porto Alegre, capital do Rio Grande do Sul, ao longo da Primeira República, particularmente por meio do sistema de recrutamento e dos motivos das demissões, que evidenciam a aplicação de critérios clientelistas de seleção e as dificuldades de disciplinarização e estabilização dos efetivos policiais. A pesquisa se baseia principalmente em fontes seriadas, como registros de pessoal, e qualitativas, como inquéritos administrativos abertos para investigar desvios de conduta de policiais. Os casos individuais descritos nos inquéritos iluminam práticas provavelmente corriqueiras e regras informais, ajudando a evitar a despersonalização da instituição. Tomadas em conjunto, as fontes permitem um melhor entendimento do funcionamento da polícia local, para além das idealizações expressas nos regulamentos. Permitem, enfim, analisar a inter-relação entre duas dimensões: o que o Estado espera da polícia e como a instituição policial se modela nas suas relações internas.
Possessive phrases as definite expressions in Tupí-Guaraní languages: the role of the R-morphology
Authors: Moreira Lima Salles Heloisa Maria , Aguiar Ana Gabriela Gomes 
Published: July 2016

O estudo investiga a sintaxe de sintagmas possessivos em línguas da família Tupí-Guaraní, considerando em particular a hipótese de que a chamada morfologia-R(elacional) denota uma descrição definida, induzindo efeito de definitude. Assumindo a Hipótese-DP, argumenta-se que a morfologia-R no nome que denota o possuidor codifica lexicalmente o núcleo D, por meio de uma relação de agreement, que licencia o possuidor, e permite incluir as línguas TG no grupo de línguas do tipo D(eterminante) G(enitivo), em oposição às línguas do tipo A(djetivo) G(enitivo).