bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward Improving Reservoir Management Practices in Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs Using Adjustable Inflow Control Devices ICDs
Authors: Al-Anazi Amer , Al-Shammeri Faleh , Widjaja Danang , Faizal Syed Abu , Galimzyanov Artyom , Suherdiana Hedy 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Field development of a mature, highly fractured carbonate field presents several challenges. Most of the horizontal wells drilled in such fractured reservoirs suffer from early gas or water breakthrough because conductive fractures dominate the influx from the reservoir and cause an unbalanced flux profile along the wellbore. Premature gas or water breakthrough can result in poor sweep efficiency and reduced oil recovery for the well.
To address the aformentioned challenges, passive inflow control devices (ICDs) can be used to equalize influx from the reservoir to the wellbore, thereby delaying gas or water breakthrough. However, during the life of the well, as water or gas breakthrough occurs, a passive ICD can be less effective in preventing water or gas production. This can effect well productivity and reduce the production life of the well, especially for a naturally flowing well.
This paper describes how adjustable ICD technology with a sliding sleeve can be used as an effective reservoir management tool in mitigating challenges faced in a naturally fractured Middle Eastern carbonate field. Various examples from the subject field are presented to describe production challenges faced by barefoot and passive ICD-completed horizontal wells. The field cases suggest the need for adjustable ICD with sliding sleeve technology which provides a zonal shut-off option in case of water or gas breakthrough. A detailed workflow for usage of adjustable ICDs is described, and which includes well candidate selection, well monitoring and pre and post shifting well performance evaluation to determine which ICD unit must be shifted to a closed or open position. A dynamic simulation using a single-well model was also conducted to establish the benefits of a sliding sleeve on well production performance.
An adjustable ICD with a sliding sleeve was chosen as the preferred completion technology over the passive ICD for horizontal wells for the subject field with a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir. A sliding sleeve integrated in an ICD is a simple and cost-effective tool for zonal water or gas shut off compared to conventional intervention technology available for horizontal wells. Sliding sleeves maximize the value of ICD technology by adding an adjustability feature to ICD to overcome the challenges faced by unexpected changes in well behavior and premature water or gas breakthrough. Dynamic simulation results also confirm the sliding sleeves can prolong the life of the well by reducing high water and free gas production, thereby increasing cumulative oil production.
Investigation of Tubing Failure Rates in Standalone Water Injectors with Dual Completions
Authors: Al-Hajri Nasser M. , Al-Ajmi Mohammed D. , Al-Mujaljil Saleh R. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This paper investigates the frequent tubing failure tendencies of standalone water injection systems with dual completions. The paper also recommends remedial solutions to mitigate tubing failures based on a rigorous evaluation. Standalone well designs include completing the same well in two water zones; a shallow producing zone and a deep injecting zone. The produced water flows naturally to the surface through the tubing casing annulus (TCA). A surface pump injects the produced water into the deeper formation through the tubing. Standalone dual completions present an attractive and cost-effective option of the Field-A water injector's well design, especially in populated areas inaccessible by pipelines.
The shallow water producing zone is known to be corrosive. The produced water has dissolved carbon dioxide, traces of hydrogen sulfide, and traces of oxygen. The standalone dual completion well design includes the installation of strapped stainless steel hydraulic control lines outside the tubing to allow pumping chemical corrosion inhibition treatment into the shallow producing zone.
The scope of this work assesses known attributes to tubing failures of standalone water wells. These attributes include galvanic corrosion and erosional corrosion due to fluid jetting effect. Methods of evaluation include collective inputs from the following: Chemical inhibition residual concentration analysis.Oxygen, iron, and sulfate reducing bactria (SRB) counts.Corrosion rate of coupons samples.Data from ultrasonic logs.
With availability of the above data, the corrosion attack mechanism was discerned. Also, tubing mean failure times were quantified using recorded leaks in several wells with varying status of operation over an extended period of evaluation. Insightful trends were generated during the monitoring period. The evaluated tubing types are carbon steel, corrosion resistant alloy, and glass reinforced epoxy wrapped tubing.
Geological Characterization of Saudi Arabia Sand for Oilfield Applications
Authors: Benaafi Mohammed , Abdullatif Osman , Razzaq Waseem Abdul , Zoghbi Bilal 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This paper aims to define the geological characteristics, lithofacies, and depositional setting of the sandstones in a Saudi Arabian formation based on an outcrop detailed study. The information gathered from the outcrop study is integrated with mechanical and geochemical parameters of sand grains. The sandstone succession of Saudi Arabia is exposed along the margins of the Arabian shield and extends from north to south. This succession exhibits sandstone, which was deposited mainly in continental-to-shallow marine environments (fluvial, glacial and pro-glacial, Aeolian, and shallow marine). Hence, it displays a wide range of lithofacies, including fine-grained, medium-grained, coarse-grained, pebbly, conglomeratic, bioturbated, and crossbedded massive sandstone facies. Representative samples from each facies were carefully acquired for laboratory studies of geomechanical and geochemical analysis.
A correlation of field and laboratory observations can help determine potential application of sands in the petroleum industry (e.g., fracturing and sand control operations). Geochemically and morphologically, these facies mainly consist of moderate-to-well-sorted and rounded-to-well-rounded silica-rich sandstone. There have been a number of studies performed on sands from Southeast Asia and North America; however, no such studies have been performed on the Middle East region sands, even though the region possesses significant sand reserves. Therefore, evaluation of the sand from the Saudi Arabian region is a significant step towards its use in various oilfield applications.
High-resolution geological properties in combination with geomechanical and geochemical properties of sandstone and sand can reveal their potential as fracturing sands. This study defines potential fracturing sand in Saudi Arabia based on geological characteristics, lithofacies, and depositional setting. This study can help operators and service companies design very cost-effective fracture jobs using sand from this region.
Well Integrity Monitoring Enhancement Using Geochemical Water Analysis
Authors: AlRueshed AbdulAziz 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The principal objective of this letter is to explain the major importance of using geochemical water analysis in monitoring the wellbore integrity and recognising wells with wellbore problems. Every reservoir or aquifer water has a characteristic composition that can be used for its identification.
Geochemical water analysis can identify the water composition of a well, with diagrams being commonly used to identify such composition. One of these diagrams is the Tickler diagram, which is plotted to provide information on the source and type of formation water. In this report, a case study is presented about using this diagram when needed.
An important duty of the production engineer is to monitor the wellbore integrity of production and injection wells. It is the responsibility of the production engineer to recognise when a problem exists; diagnose the problem; and recommend remedial action so that wellbore integrity can restored, production/injection can continue, and corrosion damage can be minimised. Different tools are used to monitor the wellbore’s integrity, identify problem wells and diagnose the problem. One of these tools is the geochemical water analysis.
Introduction of different waters into the produced reservoir fluids will change its composition significantly. Comparison of the geochemical analysis with the previous well history can identify wellbore problems.
In the A and B fields, gradual reduction in the total dissolved solids (TDS) and chloride (Cl) with time is expected due to the dilution of the original reservoir water with injection W or seawater. The following recommendations have been made to enhance well integrity monitoring using geochemical water analysis: Establishing an application that shows the history of the TDS, Cl, Mg & Ca in plots and monitoring the plot trend. This application can be used to verify the geochemical analysis before making the validation. It can also identify if there are any wellbore problems.
Developing field/reservoir/aquifer TDS maps. Receiving these maps constantly will help to monitor the wellbore integrity & water quality and depict the produced water composition changes.
Clinical Manifestations of Cardiac Disease in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Under Maintenance Hemodialysis in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Roka Kumar , Roka Pratibha Bista 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: End stage renal disease presents with multiple clinical and systemic manifestations. The aim of the present study was to identify the early cardiac and other morbidities in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who were under maintenance hemodialysis.Methods: This was an observational, prospective study conducted in fifty established ESRD patients of 20 to 74 years under maintenance hemodialysis in Nephrology unit of Shree Birendra Hospital. Clinical examination, laboratory parameters, electrocardiogram and echocardiography findings were used to identify the morbidities. Results: Among all patients enrolled in the study 88.7% had anemia, 64.2 % systolic murmurs, 62.26 % pedal edema, 73.6 % fatiguability, 71.7 % angina, 24.4 % palpitations and 13.2 % had breathlessness on exertion. 62.26% of the patients had hypertension and 13.20 % had diabetes. In the electrocardiogram, prolonged QTc was observed in 10.4%, followed by T wave inversion in 9.4 % and finally low voltage complex comprised 7.6 %. The echocardiogram showed left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in 58.5 %, left ventricular hypertrophy (overall type) 49 % and valvular lesion like mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation 83 % and 58.5 % respectively. Conclusion: Cardiac co-morbidities are common in patients diagnosed with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis.
Don’t Let Your Thoughts Die
Authors: Shrestha Bikash 
Published: July 2016

They say that the diagnosis of end of life is by the diagnosis of brain death. And of course, as long as the brain is not dead, we do continue our thoughts. Sometimes, our thoughts are really powerful. These thoughts are meaningless unless we let others know about it. The best way to let our thoughts be known to others is to document it. There goes the importance of publishing our thoughts. And perhaps, this is the most consolidate manner of making ourselves immortal. Recently, during my fellowship in neonatology days in Delhi, I was literature searching for high frequency ventilation in neonates. During this adventure, I reached the website of “The American Journal of Physiology”, the official publication of The American Physiology Society. During this, I was mesmerized by their first publication which was dated January 1898!!! It was really worth noting that this society was established in 1887 and their publication started in 1898! Of course, the New England Journal of Medicine and the Lancet are one of the oldest publication journals dated 1812 and 1823 respectively but it was amazing that the branch of physiology had journals more than a century ago!Yes of course, no doubt, we may be lagging behind our thoughts for even more than a century. This has no limitation for us to catch up and head towards the future. It is never too late, unless we do not start it. Let’s go ahead and move along with time, sharing our thoughts and trying to keep ourselves and our institution immortal forever.All the best.
Triages forestiers valaisans: sur la voie du succès … (Essai)
Authors: Guex Olivier 
Published: July 2016

Forest management units in the Valais: moving towards success ... (Essay)
A brief look towards the past will help us to understand why and how the forest organisation of the Valais has developed, moving from tradition to modernity in its management. A focused review of certain themes shows that after three decades and despite all the advantages of this structure, it has not reached climax equilibrium between the tasks of oversight and of enterprise. But is there a climax equilibrium which can be attained? The structure of the forest management units is evolving and has enabled them to adapt and overcome many challenges. The movement will continue, we must not deny the successes of the past, but each period brings its own challenges. Forest management must integrate even more the economic dimension, as it has absorbed the environmental and social dimensions, to become truly sustainable. Some perspectives are described, while remaining aware that they will raise new questions before a vision of the future can be consolidated, which is at present still in the draft stage.
Was ist die kleinste autonom funktionierende Forstbetriebseinheit? (Essay)
Authors: Brügger Joseph 
Published: July 2016

What is the minimum size for an autonomous forest enterprise? (Essay)
On the assumption that most public forest entities in Switzerland want to have a forest enterprise with its own staff to manage its own forest, this essay explores the question of what is the minimum size for such an enterprise, under the conditions on the Swiss Plateau, to be considered a functional, autonomous and viable unit. For organisational and safety reasons, a minimum staff of five people working full time is necessary for this basic model. This implies rather high costs (especially fixed costs), which in turn necessitates high outputs, which can only be supplied on the basis of an adequate forest area: under present conditions, at least 1,500 ha of productive forest are needed.
Quelques fibules émaillées découvertes dans la région lilloise
Authors: Singer Michel , Boniface François , Delecaut Michel , Tieghem G. , Castelain Bernard 
Published: July 2016

Description de 5 fibules émaillées découvertes à Villeneuve d'Ascq, Houplin-Ancoisne et Templemars par le Groupe Archéologique Lillois.
Cette étude apporte une contribution à la répartition géographique de ces objets ; les repères stratigraphiques permettent de les dater des Ier et IIe siècles.
Des influences jansénistes dans une ville industrielle, Tourcoing aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles.
Authors: Delsalle Paul 
Published: July 2016

Faute de sources archivistiques, on a souvent laissé dans l'ombre l'influence du jansénisme sur l'économie et sur les comportements quotidiens des laïcs.
Dans le cadre très réduit, modeste, d'une seule ville industrielle textile (Tourcoing), nous présentons l'ébauche d'une recherche. Au-delà des clichés et des impressions, nous cherchons des fondements des mentalités économiques locales. Dans un premier temps, nous observons l'implantation et l'influence du jansénisme dans la région et la ville. Ensuite, nous soulignons l'existence et le rôle d'une congrégation du Tiers Ordre de saint Dominique. Enfin, nous cherchons d'autres traces et l'influence du jansénisme sur l'économie locale.
Meningitis with polymerase chain reaction for varicella zoster positivity in cerebrospinal flid of a young immunocompetent adult
Authors: Gupta Pooja , Ranjan Rajeev , Agrawal C. S. , Muralikrishnan K , Dave Nikhil , Rana Davinder Singh 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTMeningitis caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV) is quite rare among young immunocompetent adults though immunocompromised patients are often seen to be affected by reactivation of VZV presenting with primary clinical features of dermatomal rashes and neurological sequelae. Here, we report the clinical scenario of a young, healthy male who had presented with fever, headache, and onset of dermatomal rashes later than the fever and was eventually diagnosed to be a case of VZV meningitis. We would like to highlight the fact that even young immunocompetent patients though rarely, might contract VZV meningitis and clinicians should have a high index of suspicion and keen eyes to catch the more obvious features of VZV infection on complete physical examination and must not harbor any reservations in ordering polymerase chain reaction for VZV DNA or initiating aggressive antiviral therapy.
Role of ankle foot orthosis in improving locomotion and functional recovery in patients with stroke: A prospective rehabilitation study
Authors: Sankaranarayan H. , Gupta Anupam , Khanna Meeka , Taly Arun B. , Thennarasu K. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: To study role of ankle foot orthosis (AFO) in improving locomotion and functional recovery after stroke. Setting: Neurological Rehabilitation Department of a university research tertiary hospital. Patients and Methods: AFO and activity based rehabilitation. Main Outcome Measures: Distance (meters) covered during the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and speed (meter/second) during the 10-meter walk test. Functional abilities assessed using Functional Independence Measure (FIM®). Results: Twenty-six patients (21 male) with stroke (mean duration 196.7 days, range 45–360 days) and mean age of 41.6 years (range 18–65 years, standard deviation [SD] 12.5) were included. Fourteen had right hemiplegia. The mean length of stay in the unit was 26.5 days (range 18–45 days, SD 5.5). All patients had equinus deformity with spastic foot drop and were provided with AFO. Walking endurance with 6MWT was 90 m on admission (without AFO). At discharge, it improved to 174 m with AFO and 121 m without AFOs (P < 0.001-with and without AFO at discharge). Walking speed improved from 0.4 m/s (admission) to 0.51 m/s with AFO, P = 0.004 and 0.45 m/s without AFO, P = 0.015) at discharge. Nine patients (34.6%) had clinically important difference-minimal clinically important difference (>0.16 m/s speed gain; >50 m endurance gain) at discharge. The mean FIM® score on admission was 84.3 ± 18.6. At discharge FIM® improved to 101.9 ± 13.7 (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Use of AFOs improve gait parameters significantly in only one-third stroke patients in the study when combined with activity-based inpatient-rehabilitation.
Metáfora y creatividad lingüística
Authors: Martínez Ezquerro Aurora 
Published: July 2016

<p>La tradicional memorización de una lista de figuras retóricas para su identificación en el comentario literario de las clases de Lengua Castellana y Literatura resulta improductiva y desvirtúa el sentido primordial que aportan estos recursos de la lengua al discurso. Ante esta situación, es preciso enseñar al alumno a comprender su estructura formal y su valor expresivo puesto que le dotará de un instrumento fundamental para analizar estos recursos del lenguaje en cualquier contexto.</p><p> </p>
Autoavaluació de les competències en el procés d’ensenyament-aprenentatge de L1, L2, LE
Authors: Arbiol Solaz Amelia , Paulo Noguera Mar 
Published: July 2016

<p>A partir de les mesures pedagògiques que proposa el Decret 127/2012, amb què es regula el plurilingüisme en l’ensenyança no universitària a la Comunitat Valenciana, analitzem les actuacions lingüístiques i metodològiques en l’àmbit de l’ensenyament, a través de l’observació de la formació lingüística dels estudiants de Grau de Mestre i de la reflexió que en fan. Amb aquest propòsit, recollim dades mitjançant una enquesta sobre els aspectes didàctics recognoscibles en el procés d’ensenyament-aprenentatge de L1, L2, LE i proposem la composició d’una autobiografia lingüística. Els resultats obtinguts donen compte de les reflexions dels futurs mestres sobre el propi procés d’aprenentatge.</p><p> </p>
I Did it For Me: Negotiating identity and agency
Authors: Pecot-Hebert L , Hennink-Kaminski H 
Published: July 2016

Scholars have debated the feminist critique of female beauty practices for years with the fundamental disagreement revolving around the notion of “agency.” This study used textual analysis to explore how the concept of “agency” has been employed in cosmetic surgery ads placed in large city magazines. Three themes emerged: realize your potential, pleasing yourself, and control your destiny. This research expands our understanding of how physicians are repositioning cosmetic surgery to women through discourses that empower, appeal to their sense of self, and play upon feminist sensibilities that privilege individual choice. This research also contributes to the literature surrounding the ongoing debate of agency by examining how it plays out in another form of text previously unexamined (physician advertising) and how it touches upon a new player in the health beauty system (physicians) rather than prior studies, which focus on idealized images in the media.
Bilingualism and Bilingual Education, Bilingualism and Translational Action
Authors: KÖKTÜRK Şaban , Odacıoğlu Mehmet Cem , UYSAL Nazan Müge 
Published: July 2016

<p>Bilingualism basically defined as having been brought up with two languages and being more or less equally competent in using both languages is a significant phenomenon in this information era requiring frequent access and communication<strong> </strong>among people. This study aims to identify the bilingualism phenomenon focusing on some of its components. First of all though it is not easy to make clear cut definitions regarding the term bilingualism, what the term stands for and which basic constellations can be associated with this term will be explained in the study in a detailed way. Following the definition of bilingualism, some conditions such as second language acquisition<strong> </strong>which proposes a basis for bilingualism, the effects of bilingualism on the brain and certain individual factors affecting bilingualism are going to be dealt with. An important component of bilingualism, bilingual education, will be analyzed within the perspectives of the importance of bilingual family in raising bilingual children and bilingual education especially in pre-school and school as a preparatory phase for later stages of bilingual schooling. In addition, the concept of bilingualism is also dealt with in terms of its relationship with the translational action to gain the study an inter-disciplinary aspect. </p>