bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complementary effect of Capparis spinosa L. and silymarin with/without praziquantel on mice experimentally infected with Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: El-Hawary S. S. , Taha K. F. , Kirillos F. N. , Dahab A. A. , El-Mahis A. A. , El-Sayed S. H. 
Published: January 2018

Summary
Schistosomiasis remains to be the most common fibrotic disease resulting from inflammation and deposition of scar tissue around trapped parasitic eggs in the liver. Though chemotherapy eradicates matured worms efficiently and prevents the accumulation of schistosome eggs, fewer effective drugs are directed to reverse the present hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, treatment targeting hepatic fibrosis associated with schistosomiasis remains a challenging proposition.
The present study was designed to investigate the potential complementary schistosomicidal and hepatoprotective activities of the methanol extract of Capparis spinosa L. (C. spinosa) with or without praziquantel (PZQ) and compare results with silymarin (Milk thistle), a known hepatoprotective and antifibrotic agent, on induced liver fibrosis by experimental Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) infection. Total polyphenols in the extract were determined using colorimetric assay.

C. spinosa L. caused a partial decrease in worm burden; a statistically significant reduction in hepatic and intestinal tissue egg load, what was associated histopathologically with decreasing in both the number and diameter of granulomas, as well as restoring serum aminotransferases (AST & ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and improving liver albumin synthesis. The best results were obtained in the group of mice treated with C. spinosa L. and PZQ together. Quantitative estimation of total polyphenols content using colorimetric assay showed that C. spinosa L. leaves contain higher concentration of polyphenolic compounds than fruits.
It was concluded that C. spinosa L. has a promising hepatoprotective and antifibrotic properties and could be introduced as a safe and effective therapeutic tool with PZQ in the treatment of schistosomal liver fibrosis. Nevertheless further studies on the mechanism of action of C. spinosa L. in chronic liver diseases may shed light on developing therapeutic methods in clinical practice.
Filaroidosis infection in an immunocompetent adult dog from France
Authors: Cervone M. , Giannelli A. , Rosenberg D. , Perrucci S. , Otranto D. 
Published: January 2018

Summary
A dog from Paris (France) was referred with a 2-week history of dry cough, intermittent acute onset of dyspnoea, and acute abdominal pain. A generalised bronchoalveolar infiltrate with a patchy distribution was observed at chest x-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans. Negative results were obtained through several faecal examinations for cardiorespiratory nematodes by using the Baermann technique and at two blood analysis with a commercially available test for the detection of A. vasorum antigen (the first one at the first visit and second one at the control visit, one month later). PCR methods for the identification of A. vasorum and C. vulpis were also accomplished. At the control visit, nematode L1s were found during direct microscopic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Thus, a different antigen-based assay for the detection of A. vasorum was performed with a positive result. Moreover, based on morphology, isolated larvae were identified as Filaroides hirthi. The dog was treated with fenbendazole (50 mg/kg per os once daily) for two consecutive weeks. After five months, the dog was referred again for the intermittent acute onset of dyspnoea and was found to be still positive for F. hirthi larvae at BALF examination. A 15-day treatment regimen with fenbendazole in combination with three subcutaneous injections of ivermectin (0.4 mg/kg, once every two weeks), was then performed. No larvae were detected at two BALF microscopical examinations performed one month apart. Results from this case report underline the importance of including F. hirthi infections in the differential diagnosis of dog bronchopneumonia.
Destiny, Miracle Healers and Magical Intervention: Vernacular Beliefs on Involuntary Childlessness in Estonia
Authors: Hiiemäe Reet 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The article* focuses on the dynamics of contemporary beliefs related to involuntary childlessness. Firstly, the methodological issues of collecting source material on delicate matters and the advantages of anonymous and narrative presentation modes in certain contexts will be discussed. Secondly, conclusions drawn from the collected material, i.e. the temporary and changeable nature of those beliefs, their relations with the mass media, the social and the individual aspects and the motifs of guilt and supernatural punishment in the context of identity issues will be presented, concluding that such belief-based models of explanation and help-seeking eventually function as a mental self-defence mechanism.
Guidelines for personal exposure monitoring of chemicals: Part IV
Authors: Hashimoto Haruo , Yamada Kenichi , Hori Hajime , Kumagai Shinji , Murata Masaru , Nagoya Toshio , Nakahara Hirohiko , Mochida Nobuyuki 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This Document, “Guidelines for personal exposure monitoring of chemicals” (“this Guideline”), has been prepared by “The Committee for Personal Exposure Monitoring” (“the Committee”) of the Expert Division of Occupational Hygiene & Ergonomics, Japan Society for Occupational Health. Considering the background of the growing importance of personal exposure monitoring in risk assessment and the need to prepare for the introduction of monitoring using personal samplers from an administrative perspective in recent years, the Committee was organized in November 2012. The Committee has prepared this Guideline as a “practical guideline” for personal exposure monitoring, so as to offer proposals and recommendations to the members of the Japan Society for Occupational Health and to society in general. The scope of this Guideline covers all chemical substances and all related workplaces regarded as targets for general assessment and the management of risk. It thus is not to be considered to comment on legal regulations and methodology. The main text provides the basic methods and concepts of personal exposure monitoring, while 31 “ Appendices ” are provided in this Guideline throughout the series; technical descriptions, statistical bases, and actual workplace examples are provided in these appendices, to assist better understanding. The personal exposure monitoring described as per this Guideline is equivalent to an “ expert-centered basic method to reasonably proceed with the assessment and management of risk at workplaces.” It is considered that practicing and expanding on this method will significantly contribute in reforming the overall framework of occupational hygiene management in Japan.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Team Game Tournament (Tgt) Terhadap Pembentukan Nilai-Nilai Kerjasama Dalam Pembelajaran Permainan Hoki
Authors: Khoiriah Desti Siti 
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pengamatan penulis mengenai kurangnya kerjasama pada saat pembelajaran permainan hoki berlangsung.Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) Memberikan Pengaruh Terhadap Pembentukan Nilai-nilai Kerjasama Dalam Pembelajaran Permainan Hoki di SMAN 26 Garut.Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen, dengan menggunakan desain penelitian Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design.penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 26 Garut. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa yang mengikuti ekstrakulikuler hokidi SMAN 26 Garut yang berjumlah sebanyak 40 orang ditetapkan dengan total sampling. Kemudian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok eksperimen sebanyak 20 orang dan kelompok kontrol sebanyak 20 orang yang ditentukan secara random sederhana. Berdasarkan pengolahan dan analisis data diperoleh nilai signifikasinya adalah 4,39lebih besar dari 0,05 maka ditolak. Kesimpulan,model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) dalam permainan hoki memberikan pengaruh terhadap pembentukan nilai-nilai kerjasama di SMAN 26 Garut.
STUDI KOMPARATIF DUA FITNES CENTER TERBESAR DI KOTA BANDUNG DALAM HAL KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN SARANA-PRASARANA SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP MINAT PENGUNJUNG
Authors: Hidayat Teten 
Published: January 2018

Kualitas pelayanan, dan sarana prasarana merupakan faktor penting dalam industri fitness center. Tujuan penelitian adalah membandingkan dua sarana fitness center terbesar di kota Bandung dalam hal kualitas pelayanan sarana dan prasarana, sampel penelitian adalah dua fitness center terbesar di kota Bandung yaitu Celebrity fitness dan d'Groove sport welness center. Desain penelitian dipilih dan digunakan berdasarkan jenis penelitian ini penulis menggunakan paradigma ganda dengan dua variabel independen dan satu variabel dependen. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi komparatif, sampel penelitian merupakan member dari dua fitness center, yang berjumlah 60 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah skala perbandingan. Hasil penelitian diketahui nilai z-hitung untuk pelayanan adalah 4,441 dengan probabilitas hasil penelitian dalam pelayanan sarana dan prasarana adalah (Sig.) 0,000 < 0,05. Sedangkan untuk minat adalah 1,410 dengan nilai probabilitas (Sig.) 0,158 > 0,05 maka Ho diterima. Artinya tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh antara kualitas pelayanan sarana dan prasarana di d'Groove dan Celebrity fitness terhadap minat pengunjung. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan dan analisis data, maka penulis dapat menyimpulkan hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: Terdapat perbedaan kualitas pelayanan d’Groove sport and wellness center dengan Celebrity fitness. Tidak terdapat pengaruh sarana-prasarana di d’grove sport and wellnes center dengan Celebrity fitnes terhadap minat pengunjung.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN LUAR SEKOLAH (OUTDOOR EDUCATION) TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Wijayanti Kurnia Eka 
Published: January 2018

Dalam penelitian ini membahas tentang peran outdoor education dalam mengembangkan karakter siswa. Pengembangan pendidikan karakter dapat dilakukan dimana dan oleh siapa saja, salah satunya dapat dilaksanakan melalui outdoor education. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menemukan hasil implementasi pendidikan luar sekolah (outdoor education) terhadap pembentukan karakter siswa sekolah dasar. Luaran yang diharapkan dari penelitian ini adalah terwujudnya implementasi yang baik yang berfokus kepada pendidikan luar sekolah (outdoor education) terhadap pembentukan karakter pada siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan metode eksperimen kuasi dengan desain nonequivalent pre test-post test control group design (pre test-post test dua kelompok). Subjek penelitian dipilih dengan teknik non-probabilitas dari sampel purposif (purposive sampling). Instrumen penelitian berupa angket yang dianalisis dengan teknik statistik yaitu ukuran gejala pusat dan Uji T berpasangan (paired t test), berdasarkan penghitungan diatas diperoleh t hitung = 4,67 dan nilai t tabel = 1,743 artinya hipotesis ditolak yang berarti bahwa terdapat implementasi positif yang signifikan dari pendidikan luar kelas (outdoor education) terhadap pembentukan karakter siswa sekolah dasar. Hasil penelitian siswa cenderung menggunakan atau memanfaatkan alat atau fasilitas di lingkungan kita tanpa harus membelinya sehingga perlu daya imajinasi dan kreativitas yang tinggi, kemampuan problem solving pada anak, menstimulasi perkembangan bahasa dan kemampuan verbal, mengembangkan keterampilan sosial, dan merupakan wadah pengekspresian emosi.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BASKETBALL LIKE GAMES UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN POLA GERAK DASAR LEMPAR DAN TANGKAP PADA PEMBELAJARAN PERMAINAN BOLA BASKET
Authors: Mutaqin Aji Zaenal , Lubay Lukmanul Hakim 
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan apakah implementasi pembelajaran basketball like games dapat mengembangkan pola gerak dasar lempar dan tangkap pada pembelajaran permainan bolabasket. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas V di SDN Kampung Sawah 02 Kabupaten Bogor. Dengan menggunakan desain penelitian atau langkah-langkah penelitian tindakan yaitu perencanaan atau planning, tindakan atau acting, pengamatan atau observing, dan refleksi atau reflecting. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi, GPAI, catatan lapangan, dokumentasi, dan evaluasi. Pemecahan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah implementasi pembelajaran basketball like games dapat mengembangkan pola gerak dasar lempar dan tangkap pada pembelajaran permainan bolabasket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat hasil proses pembelajaran siswa pada pra observasi 47.91%, pada siklus 1 tindakan 1 56,54%, siklus 1 tindakan 2 63,24%, siklus 2 tindakan 1 69,93%, dan pada siklus 2 tindakan 2 77,22%. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan dan analisis data, maka kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah dengan penerapan basketball like games maka pola gerak dasar lempar dan tangkap dalam pembelajaran permainan bolabasket semakin meningkat.
MASALAH-MASALAH PROGRAM POSBINDU DI DESA DAYEUHKOLOT KABUPATEN BANDUNG JAWA BARAT
Authors: Suparto Tirta Adikusuma , Sunjaya Deni Kurniadi , Susanti Raini Diah 
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Integrated Development Post Program (Posbindu) is one of the facilities which provide a service for the elderly. Aside from healthcare, Posbindu also provides social, religion, education, skill, and other services. These services are needed by the elderly that makes Posbindu existence very important. According to the early researches conducted by the researcher in December 2013 at Posbindu’s Desa Dayeuhkolot, the implementations of Posbindu’s over there were still lacking. This study aimed to explore some issues of Posbindu programs in Desa Dayeuhkolot comprehensively. Method: The research design used in this research was kualitatif method approach by using case study. This research was conducted from February 2014 to January 2015 in 5 Posbindu. Result: The findings showed that the programs of Posbindu in Desa Dayeuhkolot Kabupaten Bandung still face some problems, they were: 1) Posbindu was not found based on people needs; 2) the lack of budget; 3) the lack of quality and quantity of guidance; 4) the lack of cadres’ knowledge and skills; 5) there was no incentive for cadres; 6) the lack of facilities and infrastructures; 7) the lack of emotional and physical test; 8) the lack of quality and quantity of health training program; 8) the lack of quality and quantity of health counseling ; 9) there was no access for medicine; 10) the complicated system of documentation and report ; 11) there was no elderly exercise in some posbindus; 12) the lack of effectiveness in elderly visitation program;13) the low frequency of elderly visitation; 14) the lack of posbindu contribution to the elderly; 15) the lack of support from the environment. Discussion: Posbindu’s revitalization was one of the interventions to solve the health problem caused by demographic changing. The Key point was to increase the capacity of cadre trough training.
PENGETAHUAN SISWA KELAS X DAN XI TENTANG PENGGUNAAN EARPHONE DI SMA PASUNDAN 8 KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Rahmi Upik , Achmad Bayu Fandhi , Marliah Napisatul 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRAK Pemakaian earphone berlebihan dalam kurun waktu yang lama dapat menimbulkan ketulian permanen. Pada telinga yang terpapar bising dalam waktu yang lama dapat terjadi kerusakan sel-sel rambut di koklea saraf pendengaran yang memperburuk proses degenerasi saraf pendengaran. Remaja merupakan salah satu tingkat penggunaan earphone yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan siswa kelas X dan XI tentang penggunaan earphone di SMA Pasundan 8 Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kuantitatif dan rancangan penelitian cross sectional dengan instrumen kuesioner. Sampel yang diteliti adalah siswa kelas X dan XI pada usia 15-18 tahun dengan melibatkan 72 orang siswa kelas X dan 111 orang siswa kelas XI yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan perhitungan distribusi frekuensi. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan yang berpengetahuan cukup sebanyak 41,5%, berpengetahuan baik sebanyak 38,8%, dan berpengetahuan kurang sebanyak 19,7%. Dapat disimpulkan, sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup mengenai penggunaan earphone. Adapun rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan kegiatan penyuluhan oleh petugas kesehatan mengenai dampak dari alatalat elektronik atau audiovisual khusunya earphone yang di dalamnya mempelajari kesehatan pendengaran. Kata Kunci: Earphone, Gangguan pendengaran, Pengetahuan dan Remaja ABSTRACT Excessively using earphone in a long period can cause permanent deafness. When ears are exposed to noise in a long time, it can damage hair cells in the cochlea of auditory nerves that worsen its degeneration process. The adolescence is considered using earphone in a long period. This study is intended to investigate X and XI grade students’ knowledge about the use of earphone, and was conducted in Pasundan 8 Senior High School Bandung. It is a descriptive quantitative study, employs cross sectional design and used questionnaire as the instrument. Specifically, this study involved 72 students of X grade and 111 students of XI grade, aged 15-18 years old, which were chosen using stratified random sampling technique. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively by using frequency distribution formula. The findings show that there were 41.5% students who have adequate knowledge, 38.8% students who have good knowledge, and 19.7% students who have lack knowledge about the use of earphone. To conclude most of the respondents have adequate knowledge about the use of earphone. Hence, the health professional is recommended to conduct more counseling on the impacts of electronic or audiovisual gadgets, especially earphone, in its relation to the health of hearing system. Keywords: Adolescence, Earphone, Hearing Problem and Knowledge
OPTIMAL ROUTE DETECTION BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF REZEKNE MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Grabusts Peter , Musatovs Jurijs 
Published: January 2018

Information about the merger of schools or their optimization periodically appears in the society. It is believed that the ideal school network is not yet ready. The paper provides the analysis of the educational institutions locations by their availability. A theoretical research has been conducted and mathematically the shortest path has been calculated between different educational institutions. The paper also provides mapping of these educational institutions and location analysis of educational institutions at different levels. The main goal of the paper is to show the possibilities of applying the mathematical models in solving practical tasks – to determine the shortest path between the educational institutions. This study describes an optimization method called Simulated Annealing. The Simulated Annealing method is widely used in various combinatorial optimization tasks. Simulated Annealing is a stochastic optimization method that can be used to minimize the specified cost function given a combinatorial system with multiple degrees of freedom. In this paper the application of Travelling Salesman Problem, is demonstrated and an experiment aimed to find the shortest route between educational institutions of Rezekne Municipality is performed. It gives possibilities to analyse and search optimal school' s network in the Rezekne Municipality. Common research methods are used in this research: descriptive research method, statistical method, mathematical modelling
Thyroid abscess in a 5 year old child caused by Enterococcus species: a rare case report
Authors: Rajbhandari Pradeep , Shrestha Bikash Lal , Dhakal Ashish 
Published: January 2018

<p class="abstract"><span lang="EN-IN">Thyroid abscess is a rare clinical entity which is attributable to its unique anatomical and physical characteristics which makes it resistant to infection. Thyroid gland is resistant to infection because of its rich blood supply and lymphatic drainage, an iodine rich environment and separation of the gland from other structures of neck by facial planes. In our case report, 5 years old male patient presented with a painful anterior midline neck swelling which was diagnosed as thyroid abscess caused by <em>Enterococcus</em> species. The patient was successfully treated with surgical drainage and appropriate antibiotics</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p>
La Biopolítica de la Deuda: Relación Acreedor-deudor
Authors: Martinez Posada Jorge Eliecer , Virviescas Molina Lina María , Puentes Rodríguez Catalina 
Published: January 2018

La sociedad actual está inmersa en la economía de la deuda, entendida ésta en palabras de Lazzarato (2013), como una promesa de reembolso en un futuro más o menos lejano pero siempre imprevisible. “El crédito o deuda y su relación acreedor-deudor constituyen una relación de poder específica que implica modalidades específicas de producción y control de la subjetividad (una forma particular de homo oeconomicus, el “hombre endeudado”)” (Lazzarato, 2013, p. 36).Los préstamos se han convertido en la acceder una formación profesional, en la nueva forma de financiación de sus carreras, Biopolitica de la gestión de su fuerza productiva pues ya "Michel Foucault, a través del concepto de biopolítica, nos había anunciado desde los años setenta lo que hoy día va haciéndose evidente: la "vida" y lo "viviente" son los retos de las nuevas luchas políticas y de las nuevas estrategias económicas. En la actualidad los créditos universitarios se han configurado como la principal fuente de financiación de los estudios profesionales, siendo el endeudamiento la nueva realidad en la vida de los jóvenes. “La llamada “financiación” constituye no tanto una modalidad de financiamiento de las inversiones, sino un enorme dispositivo de gestión de la deudas privadas y públicas y, por ende, de la relación acreedor-deudor, gracias a las técnicas de titulización” (Lazzarato, 2013, p. 28-29). Palabras Claves: Biopolítica, Acreedor – Deudor, Pedagogía de la deuda, subjetividad.
Pendidikan Islam dalam Dinamika Kehidupan Beragama di Indonesia
Authors: Ghazali Adeng Muchtar , Busro Busro 
Published: January 2018

Tulisan ini untuk memahami realitas kehidupan beragama di Indonesia dalam hubungannya dengan proses pendidikan Islam. Masyarakat Indonesia adalah heterogen, plural, baik dari sisi etnis, budaya, dan kepenganutan agama. Keragaman dalam menganut agama cenderung eksklusif, karena masing-masing memiliki keyakinan bahwa kebenaran agamanyalah yang paling benar (truth claim). Keharusan bertoleransi didengungkan dimana-mana, bahkan sudah menjadi kebijakan pemerintah melalui program kerukunan antar umat beragama. Sebagai muslim yang mayoritas, seringkali menjadi sasaran tuduhan “intoleran”. Islam memiliki doktrin tentang toleransi, sebagaimana ditunjukkan dalam tulisan sederhana ini. Doktrin toleransi ini perlu ditanamkan sejak usia dini, untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran bertoleransi. Toleransi adalah perilaku yang melekat dalam kepribadian setiap orang. Untuk menumbuhkan “perilaku” toleran ini, maka salah satunya melalui proses pendidikan agama Islam. Pendidikan menjadi representasi peradaban suatu masyarakat atau bangsa. Dalam konteks ini, masyarakat yang damai, aman, terbuka, saling menghargai dan menghormati perbedaan, sebagai bagian dari keberhasilan pendidikan dalam mencetak pribadi yang toleran dan beradab.