bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involvement of Histamine and RhoA/ROCK in Penicillin Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions
Authors: Han Jiayin , Yi Yan , Li Chunying , Zhang Yushi , Wang Lianmei , Zhao Yong , Pan Chen , Liang Aihua 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe mechanism of penicillin immediate hypersensitivity reactions has not been completely elucidated. These reactions are generally considered to be mediated by IgE, but penicillin-specific IgE could not be detected in most cases. This study demonstrated that penicillin was able to cause vascular hyperpermeability in a mouse model mimicking clinical symptoms of penicillin immediate hypersensitivity reactions. The first exposure to penicillin also induced immediate edema and exudative reactions in ears and lungs of mice in a dose-dependent manner. Vasodilation was noted in microvessels in ears. These reactions were unlikely to be immune-mediated reactions, because no penicillin-specific IgE was produced. Furthermore, penicillin treatment directly elicited rapid histamine release. Penicillin also led to F-actin reorganization in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and increased the permeability of the endothelial monolayer. Activation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway was observed in ears and lungs of mice and in endothelial cells after treatment with penicillin. Both an anti-histamine agent and a ROCK inhibitor attenuated penicillin immediate hypersensitivity reactions in mice. This study presents a novel mechanism of penicillin immediate hypersensitivity reactions and suggests a potential preventive approach against these reactions.
Protective effects of sirtuin 3 in a murine model of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Zhao Wen-Yu , Zhang Lei , Sui Ming-Xing , Zhu You-Hua , Zeng Li 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a rapid loss of kidney function characterized by damage to renal tubular cells driven by mitochondrial dysregulation and oxidative stress. Here, we used a murine caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis-induced AKI to study the role of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a NAD+ dependent deacetylase critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial viability, in AKI-related renal tubular cell damage and explored the underlying mechanisms. CLP induced alterations in kidney function and morphology were associated with SIRT3 downregulation, and SIRT3 deletion exacerbated CLP-induced kidney dysfunction, renal tubular cell injury and apoptosis, mitochondrial alterations, and ROS production in a knockout mouse model. SIRT3 deletion increased the CLP-induced upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, resulting in the activation of oxidative stress, increased production of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, and the enhancement of apoptosis, and these effects were reversed by antioxidant NAC. Our results suggest that SIRT3 plays a protective role against mitochondrial damage in the kidney by attenuating ROS production, inhibiting the NRLP3 inflammasome, attenuating oxidative stress, and downregulating IL-1β and IL-18.
Heptagraphene: Tunable Dirac Cones in a Graphitic Structure
Authors: Lopez-Bezanilla Alejandro , Martin Ivar , Littlewood Peter B. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe predict the existence and dynamical stability of heptagraphene, a new graphitic structure formed of rings of 10 carbon atoms bridged by carbene groups yielding seven-membered rings. Despite the rectangular unit cell, the band structure is topologically equivalent to that of strongly distorted graphene. Density-functional-theory calculations demonstrate that heptagraphene has Dirac cones on symmetry lines that are robust against biaxial strain but which open a gap under shear. At high deformation values bond reconstructions lead to different electronic band arrangements in dynamically stable configurations. Within a tight-binding framework this richness of the electronic behavior is identified as a direct consequence of the symmetry breaking within the cell which, unlike other graphitic structures, leads to band gap opening. A combined approach of chemical and physical modification of graphene unit cell unfurls the opportunity to design carbon-based systems in which one aims to tune an electronic band gap.
One-Step Synthesis of Pt/Graphene Composites from Pt Acid Dissolved Ethanol via Microwave Plasma Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Jo Eun Hee , Chang Hankwon , Kim Sun Kyung , Choi Ji-Hyuk , Park Su-Ryeon , Lee Chong Min , Jang Hee Dong 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPt nanoparticles-laden graphene (Pt/GR) composites were synthesized in the gas phase from a mixture of ethanol and Pt precursor by microwave plasma spray pyrolysis. The morphology of Pt/GR composites has the shape of wrinkled sheets of paper, while Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) that are less than 2.6 nm in the mean diameter are uniformly well deposited on the surface of GR sheets stacked in only three layers. The Pt/GR composite prepared with 20 wt% of Pt had the highest specific surface area and electrochemical surface area of up to 402 m2 g−1 and 77 m2 g−1 (Pt), respectively. In addition, the composite showed superior electrocatalytic activity compared with commercial Pt-carbon black. The excellent electrocatalytic activity was attributed to the high specific surface area and electrochemical surface area of the Pt/GR composite directly produced by microwave plasma spray pyrolysis. Thus, it is clearly expected that the Pt/GR composite is a promising material for DMFC catalysts.
Real-time Functional Analysis of Inertial Microfluidic Devices via Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Dong Biqin , Chen Siyu , Zhou Fan , Chan Christina H. Y. , Yi Ji , Zhang Hao F. , Sun Cheng 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe report the application of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) technology that enables real-time functional analysis of sorting microparticles and cells in an inertial microfluidic device. We demonstrated high-speed, high-resolution acquisition of cross-sectional images at a frame rate of 350 Hz, with a lateral resolution of 3 μm and an axial resolution of 1 μm within the microfluidic channel filled with water. We analyzed the temporal sequence of cross-sectional SD-OCT images to determine the position and diameter of microspheres in a spiral microfluidic channel under various flow rates. We used microspheres with known diameters to validate the sub-micrometer precision of the particle size analysis based on a scattering model of spherical microparticles. An additional investigation of sorting live HT-29 cells in the spiral microfluidic channel indicated that the distribution of cells within in the microchannel has a close correspondence with the cells’ size distribution. The label-free real-time imaging and analysis of microscale particles in flow offers robustness for practical applications with live cells and allows us to better understand the mechanisms of particle separations in microfluidic sorting systems.
Development of a SNP array and its application to genetic mapping and diversity assessment in pepper (Capsicum spp.)
Authors: Cheng Jiaowen , Qin Cheng , Tang Xin , Zhou Huangkai , Hu Yafei , Zhao Zicheng , Cui Junjie , Li Bo , Wu Zhiming , Yu Jiping , Hu Kailin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe development and application of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is in its infancy for pepper. Here, a set of 15,000 SNPs were chosen from the resequencing data to develop an array for pepper with 12,720 loci being ultimately synthesized. Of these, 8,199 (~64.46%) SNPs were found to be scorable and covered ~81.18% of the whole genome. With this array, a high-density interspecific genetic map with 5,569 SNPs was constructed using 297 F2individuals, and genetic diversity of a panel of 399 pepper elite/landrace lines was successfully characterized. Based on the genetic map, one major QTL, namedUp12.1, was detected for the fruit orientation trait. A total of 65 protein-coding genes were predicted within this QTL region based on the current annotation of the Zunla-1 genome. In summary, the thousands of well-validated SNP markers, high-density genetic map and genetic diversity information will be useful for molecular genetics and innovative breeding in pepper. Furthermore, the mapping results lay foundation for isolating the genes underlying variation in fruit orientation ofCapsicum.
Near-field focus steering along arbitrary trajectory via multi-lined distributed nanoslits
Authors: Lee Gun-Yeal , Lee Seung-Yeol , Yun Hansik , Park Hyeonsoo , Kim Joonsoo , Lee Kyookeun , Lee Byoungho 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe modulation of near-field signals has recently attracted considerable interest because of demands for the development of nano-scale optical devices that are capable of overcoming the diffraction limit of light. In this paper, we propose a new type of tuneable plasmonic lens that permits the foci of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) signals to be continuously steered by adjusting the input polarization state. The proposed structure consists of multi-lined nanoslit arrays, in which each array is tilted at a different angle to provide polarization sensitivity and the nanoslit size is adjusted to balance the relative amplitudes of the excited SPPs from each line. The nanoslits of each line are designed to focus SPPs at different positions; hence, the SPP focal length can be tuned by modifying the incident polarization state. Unlike in previously reported studies, our method enables plasmonic foci to be continuously varied with a smooth change in the incident linear polarization state. The proposed structures provide a novel degree of freedom in the multiplexing of near fields. Such characteristics are expected to enable the realization of active SPP modulation that can be applied in near-field imaging, optical tweezing systems, and integrated nano-devices.
Quadrant Field Pupillometry Detects Melanopsin Dysfunction in Glaucoma Suspects and Early Glaucoma
Authors: Adhikari Prakash , Zele Andrew J. , Thomas Ravi , Feigl Beatrix 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIt is difficult to detect visual function deficits in patients at risk for glaucoma (glaucoma suspects) and at early disease stages with conventional ophthalmic tests such as perimetry. To this end, we introduce a novel quadrant field measure of the melanopsin retinal ganglion cell mediated pupil light response corresponding with typical glaucomatous arcuate visual field defects. The melanopsin-mediated post-illumination pupil response (PIPR) was measured in 46 patients with different stages of glaucoma including glaucoma suspects and compared to a healthy group of 21 participants with no disease. We demonstrate that the superonasal quadrant PIPR differentiated glaucoma suspects and early glaucoma patients from controls with fair (AUC = 0.74) and excellent (AUC = 0.94) diagnostic accuracy, respectively. The superonasal PIPR provides a linear functional correlate of structural retinal nerve fibre thinning in glaucoma suspects and early glaucoma patients. This first report that quadrant PIPR stimulation detects melanopsin dysfunction in patients with early glaucoma and at pre-perimetric stages may have future implications in treatment decisions of glaucoma suspects.
Glial contributions to visceral pain: implications for disease etiology and the female predominance of persistent pain
Authors: Dodds K N , Beckett E A H , Evans S F , Grace P M , Watkins L R , Hutchinson M R 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn the central nervous system, bidirectional signaling between glial cells and neurons (‘neuroimmune communication’) facilitates the development of persistent pain. Spinal glia can contribute to heightened pain states by a prolonged release of neurokine signals that sensitize adjacent centrally projecting neurons. Although many persistent pain conditions are disproportionately common in females, whether specific neuroimmune mechanisms lead to this increased susceptibility remains unclear. This review summarizes the major known contributions of glia and neuroimmune interactions in pain, which has been determined principally in male rodents and in the context of somatic pain conditions. It is then postulated that studying neuroimmune interactions involved in pain attributed to visceral diseases common to females may offer a more suitable avenue for investigating unique mechanisms involved in female pain. Further, we discuss the potential for primed spinal glia and subsequent neurogenic inflammation as a contributing factor in the development of peripheral inflammation, therefore, representing a predisposing factor for females in developing a high percentage of such persistent pain conditions.
Analysis of 23andMe antidepressant efficacy survey data: implication of circadian rhythm and neuroplasticity in bupropion response
Authors: Li Q S , Tian C , Seabrook G R , Drevets W C , Narayan V A 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGenetic predisposition may contribute to the differences in drug-specific, class-specific or antidepressant-wide treatment resistance. Clinical studies with the genetic data are often limited in sample sizes. Drug response obtained from self-reports may offer an alternative approach to conduct a study with much larger sample size. Using the phenotype data collected from 23andMe ‘Antidepressant Efficacy and Side Effects’ survey and genotype data from 23andMe’s research participants, we conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) on subjects of European ancestry using four groups of phenotypes (a) non-treatment-resistant depression (n=7795) vs treatment-resistant depression (TRD, n=1311), (b) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) responders (n=6348) vs non-responders (n=3340), (c) citalopram/escitalopram responders (n=2963) vs non-responders (n=2005), and (d) norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI, bupropion) responders (n=2675) vs non-responders (n=1861). Each of these subgroups was also compared with controls (n ~ 190 000). The most significant association was from bupropion responders vs non-responders analysis. Variant rs1908557 (P=2.6 × 10−8, OR=1.35) passed the conventional genome-wide significance threshold (P=5 × 10−8) and was located within the intron of human spliced expressed sequence tags in chromosome 4. Gene sets associated with long-term depression, circadian rhythm and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway were enriched in the bupropion analysis. No single-nucleotide polymorphism passed genome-wide significance threshold in other analyses. The heritability estimates for each response group compared with controls were between 0.15 and 0.25, consistent with the known heritability for major depressive disorder.
The role of rigidity in controlling material failure
Authors: Driscoll Michelle M. , Chen Bryan Gin-ge , Beuman Thomas H. , Ulrich Stephan , Nagel Sidney R. , Vitelli Vincenzo 
Published: September 2016

Significance
As a solid approaches a rigidity transition, its failure behavior changes dramatically: cracks become wider and wider until their width reaches the system size. In this regime, bonds initially break at apparently random positions until they produce a percolating cluster spanning across the sample. Because the spatial extent of the failure process zone depends on material toughness, varying the rigidity can be used as a lens to examine the nonlinear response that would otherwise be observable only on a microscopic scale in a rigid material.
Diurnal and circadian variation of sleep and alertness in men vs. naturally cycling women
Authors: Boivin Diane B. , Shechter Ari , Boudreau Philippe , Begum Esmot Ara , Ng Ying-Kin Ng Mien Kwong 
Published: September 2016

Significance
This study quantifies sex differences in the diurnal and circadian variation of sleep and waking while carefully controlling for menstrual cycle phase and hormonal contraceptive use. Compared to men, rhythms of core body temperature, sleep, and subjective alertness are advanced in women during both the midfollicular and midluteal phases. Our study also reveals lower alertness levels at night in women. These sex differences are important for understanding the increased female susceptibility to sleep and wake disturbances.
Multinational investigation of cross-societal cooperation
Authors: Dorrough Angela Rachael , Glöckner Andreas 
Published: September 2016

Significance
We present a comprehensive analysis of cross-societal cooperation involving full incentivization and population-representative samples of participants from Germany, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, and the United States. Our main finding is that individuals have shared stereotypes in terms of expected cooperation for interaction partners from different nations. Individuals also hold (shared) social preferences toward these partners, which are driven by ingroup favoritism, differences in wealth, and additional factors. We discuss our results with respect to theories that explain cooperation behavior by similarity, inequality aversion, and specific expectations.
Maternal and fetal genomes interplay through phosphoinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-p110α signaling to modify placental resource allocation
Authors: Sferruzzi-Perri Amanda N. , López-Tello Jorge , Fowden Abigail L. , Constancia Miguel 
Published: September 2016

Significance
During pregnancy, nutrients are required for fetal growth and for the mother to maintain the pregnancy. The placenta is central to this tug-of-war over nutrients, as it is responsible for materno-fetal resource allocation. Failure to allocate resources appropriately can lead to pregnancy complications and abnormal fetal development, with long-term health consequences for both mother and baby. Here we use manipulation of a growth-regulatory protein, p110α, in mice to compare the importance of the maternal environment and genotype with fetal genotype in determining placental resource allocation. This study shows that the placenta fine-tunes the supply of maternal resources to the fetus via p110α in accordance with both the fetal drive for growth and the maternal ability to supply the required nutrients.
CD8 T cell-mediated killing of orexinergic neurons induces a narcolepsy-like phenotype in mice
Authors: Bernard-Valnet Raphaël , Yshii Lidia , Quériault Clémence , Nguyen Xuan-Hung , Arthaud Sébastien , Rodrigues Magda , Canivet Astrid , Morel Anne-Laure , Matthys Arthur , Bauer Jan , Pignolet Béatrice , Dauvilliers Yves , Peyron Christelle , Liblau Roland S. 
Published: September 2016

Significance
Narcolepsy with cataplexy is a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden loss of muscle tone. These clinical manifestations are the result of selective loss of a neuronal population producing orexin. The etiology of the disease remains elusive, although converging evidence points to a key involvement of the immune system. We developed an animal model to study the autoimmune processes at play in narcolepsy. We demonstrate that cytotoxic CD8 T cells, but not Th1 CD4 cells, are able to target and destroy orexinergic neurons. This selective neuronal loss is responsible for clinical signs mimicking human narcolepsy. By identifying potential immune effectors of the immunopathological process in narcolepsy, these findings offer a rationale for the use of immunotherapies.
Molecular determinants of cadherin ideal bond formation: Conformation-dependent unbinding on a multidimensional landscape
Authors: Manibog Kristine , Sankar Kannan , Kim Sun-Ae , Zhang Yunxiang , Jernigan Robert L. , Sivasankar Sanjeevi 
Published: September 2016

Significance
Multicellular assemblies rely on the robust binding of classical cadherin cell–cell adhesion proteins to maintain their integrity and withstand mechanical stress. Cadherins can form adhesive interactions that are insensitive to tugging forces; however, the biophysical mechanism for cadherin force insensitivity is unknown. Here, we integrate single-molecule biophysical measurements with computer simulations to show that cadherins, which are known to bind in two distinct conformations, adopt an intermediate structure as they transition between their alternate conformations. When this intermediate structure is pulled, it unbinds along a force-independent pathway that makes it insensitive to tugging forces. Force-independent unbinding is blocked when cadherins associate laterally, suggesting a physical mechanism by which mechanical force enhances cadherin clustering on the cell surface.
Tuning electronic transport via hepta-alanine peptides junction by tryptophan doping
Authors: Guo Cunlan , Yu Xi , Refaely-Abramson Sivan , Sepunaru Lior , Bendikov Tatyana , Pecht Israel , Kronik Leeor , Vilan Ayelet , Sheves Mordechai , Cahen David 
Published: September 2016

Significance
Charge transport is a process that is central to redox reactions, enzyme catalysis, and electronics. Integrating biomolecules into electronic devices provides a route to using natural evolution in artificial technology. Charge transport across biomolecules depends on the molecular structure and molecule–electrode contacts. We show that “doping” (7-alanine) peptide-based devices by one tryptophan enhances transport ≥10-fold, regardless of tryptophan position, a result that can be described by superexchange-mediated tunneling through multiple sites. Remarkably, close physical proximity of tryptophan to a gold electrode further enhances transport, showing how crucial electronic coupling to the electrode is. Our results provide insight into charge transfer through biomolecules and offer a strategy for tailored bioelectronics by mix-and-match amino acid building blocks.
GIV/Girdin activates Gαi and inhibits Gαs via the same motif
Authors: Gupta Vijay , Bhandari Deepali , Leyme Anthony , Aznar Nicolas , Midde Krishna K. , Lo I-Chung , Ear Jason , Niesman Ingrid , López-Sánchez Inmaculada , Blanco-Canosa Juan Bautista , von Zastrow Mark , Garcia-Marcos Mikel , Farquhar Marilyn G. , Ghosh Pradipta 
Published: September 2016

Significance
Guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein α subunit (Gα)-interacting vesicle-associated protein (GIV)/Girdin has previously been shown to serve as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the Gα activity-inhibiting polypeptide 1 (Gαi) via a conserved motif in its C terminus. Here we show that this motif serves as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Gαs. Sequential phosphorylation of two serine residues that flank this motif by two kinases, cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and PKCθ, ensures that GIV exerts its GEF and GDI activities on Gαi and Gαs, respectively, in a temporally and spatially segregated manner. Through its bifunctional role as GEF and GDI, GIV serves as a pleiotropically acting G-protein modulator that integrates, reinforces, and compartmentalizes signals downstream of both growth factors and G proteins and orchestrates migration–proliferation dichotomy.
Breast cancer tumorigenicity is dependent on high expression levels of NAF-1 and the lability of its Fe-S clusters
Authors: Darash-Yahana Merav , Pozniak Yair , Lu Mingyang , Sohn Yang-Sung , Karmi Ola , Tamir Sagi , Bai Fang , Song Luhua , Jennings Patricia A. , Pikarsky Eli , Geiger Tamar , Onuchic José N. , Mittler Ron , Nechushtai Rachel 
Published: September 2016

SignificanceElevated expression of the iron–sulfur (Fe-S) protein nutrient-deprivation autophagy factor-1 (NAF-1) is associated with the progression of multiple cancer types. Here we demonstrate that the lability of the Fe-S cluster of NAF-1 plays a key role in promoting breast cancer cell proliferation, tumor growth, and resistance of cancer cells to oxidative stress. Our study establishes an important role for the unique 3Cys-1His Fe-S cluster coordination structure of NAF-1 in promoting the development of breast cancer tumors and suggests the potential use of drugs that suppress NAF-1 accumulation or stabilize its cluster in the treatment of cancers that display high expression levels of NAF-1.