bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil water content estimation by using ground penetrating radar data full waveform inversion with grey wolf optimizer algorithm
Authors: Zhang M. H. , Feng X. , Bano M. , Liu C. , Liu Q. , Wang X. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSoil water content (SWC) estimation is important for many areas including hydrology, agriculture, soil science, and environmental science. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a promising geophysical method for SWC estimation. However, at present, most of the studies are based on partial information of GPR, like travel time or amplitude information, to invert the SWC. Full waveform inversion (FWI) can use the information of the entire waveform, which can improve the accuracy of parameter estimation. This study proposes a novel SWC estimation scheme by using the FWI of GPR, optimized by the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm. The proposed scheme includes a petrophysical relationship to link the SWC with the relative dielectric permittivity, 1D GPR forward modeling, and a GWO optimization algorithm. First, numerical modeling was carried out, and the proposed scheme was applied to both noise‐free and noisy data to verify its applicability. Then, the proposed method was applied to data collected from a field experimental site. These results, derived from both synthetic and real datasets, show that the proposed inversion scheme resulted in a good match between the observed and calculated GPR data. In the numerical modeling, it was observed that the SWC could be inverted accurately, even when noise was present in the data. These demonstrate that the GWO method can be applied for the quantitative interpretation of GPR data. The proposed scheme shows potential for SWC estimation by using GPR full waveform data.
Food for fish: Challenges and opportunities for quantifying foodscapes in river networks
Authors: Ouellet Valerie , Fullerton Aimee H. , Kaylor Matt , Naman Sean , Bellmore Ryan , Rosenfeld Jordan , Rossi Gabriel , White Seth , Rhoades Suzanne , Beauchamp David A. , Liermann Martin , Kiffney Peter , Sanderson Beth 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRiverine fishes face many challenges including habitat degradation and climate change, which alter the productivity of the riverscapes in which fish live, reproduce, and feed. Understanding the watershed portfolio of foraging and growth opportunities that sustain productive and resilient fish populations is important for prioritizing conservation and restoration. However, the spatiotemporal distribution and availability of fish food are poorly understood relative to other factors such as abiotic habitat quantity and quality (e.g., water temperature). In this paper, we build on the concept of “foodscapes,” and describe three components of food for fish, including abundance, accessibility, and quality. We then discuss methodological advances to help address three key questions: (1) Why is food availability hard to estimate? (2) What are the consequences of uncertainty in food availability estimates? and (3) What approaches are available or emerging for quantifying food available to fish? To address the first question, we characterize data acquisition and analytical challenges; for the second, we demonstrate the importance of evaluating and communicating potential consequences of uncertainty; and for the third, we posit opportunities for future work. Collectively, we highlight the need for greater appreciation of the role food plays in stream fish conservation, especially given its critical influence on responses to warming temperatures.This article is categorized under:
Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Water and Life > Methods
Performance and reliability evaluation of an improved machine learning‐based pure‐tone audiometry with automated masking
Authors: Wallaert Nicolas , Perry Antoine , Quarino Sandra , Jean Hadrien , Creff Gwenaelle , Godey Benoit , Paraouty Nihaad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveAutomated air‐conduction pure‐tone audiograms through Bayesian estimation and machine learning (ML) classification have recently been proposed in the literature. Although such ML‐based audiometry approaches represent a significant addition to the field, they remain unsuited for daily clinical settings, in particular for listeners with asymmetric or conductive hearing loss, severe hearing loss, or cochlear dead zones. The goal here is to expand on previously proposed ML approaches and assess the performance of this improved ML audiometry for a large sample of listeners with a wide range of hearing status.MethodsFirst, we describe the changes made to the ML method through the addition of: (1) safety limits to test listeners with a wide range of hearing status, (2) transient responses to cater for cochlear dead zones or nonmeasurable thresholds, and importantly, (3) automated contralateral masking to test listeners with asymmetric or conductive hearing loss. Next, we compared the performance of this improved ML audiometry with conventional and manual audiometry in a large cohort (n = 109 subjects) of both normal‐hearing and hearing‐impaired listeners.ResultsOur results showed that for all audiometric frequencies tested, no significant difference was found between hearing thresholds obtained using manual audiometry on a clinical audiometer as compared to both the manual and automated improved ML methods. Furthermore, the test–retest difference was not significant with the automated improved ML method for each audiometric frequency tested. Finally, when examining cross‐clinic reliability measures, significant differences were found for most audiometric frequencies tested.ConclusionsTogether, our results validate the use of this improved ML‐based method in adult clinical tests for air‐conduction audiometry.
Making, Sharing and Extending Presence in Spontaneous Memorials. The Case of the 2017 Manchester Attack
Authors: Arvanitis Kostas , Simpson Robert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis chapter draws on theories of presence and the case study of the Manchester Arena bombing (22 May 2017) to discuss how spontaneous memorials in the aftermath of tragic events, such as terrorist attacks, construct embodied, performative, participatory, and social presences. It proposes three types of presence:Making Presence, which articulates the materiality-focused creativity involved in making memorial items;Sharing Presence, which focuses on the social experience of presenting those items to the spontaneous memorial site and being co-present with others; andExtending Presence, which argues that the previous two types of presences are reconstituted in the space of the museum that collects spontaneous memorials. The chapter’s key argument is that spontaneous memorials construct an embodied presence, which is expressed through creative materiality, physical journeying and social sharing. In turn, it is this embodied presence that is collected and ‘re-presenced’ in the space of the museum. This proposition contributes to academic scholarship on the motivations and purposes of spontaneous memorialisation and can inform strategies and practices of collecting, curating and managing such spontaneous memorials.
Resilience or Reconstruction? A Psychoanalytical Approach to Urban Space After the Attack on the Promenade des Anglais (Nice, 14.07.2016)
Authors: Vinot Frédéric 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBased on observations from a multidisciplinary research program on the spatial effects of the attack on the Promenade des Anglais (Nice, 14 July 2016), this chapter shows that a phenomenon of redoubling the loss is necessary for the individual and collective mourning process. Post-attack life confronts the bereaved with two types of loss: a traumatic loss (the absolute emptiness left by the other in his or her brutal death) and a symboligenic loss (contributing to the reconstruction of urban symbolic differentiations). Two examples of this double loss will be developed: 1) the psychic effects of urban renovation and security work (after the work, the bereaved no longer find the same place where their loved ones died); 2) spontaneous memorials show the lack but, because of their temporary and provisional dimension, they will themselves become missing, promised to disappear. Psychoanalytic theory also assumes two losses in the psychic process of mourning: loss of the love object, but also the sacrificial loss of a piece of oneself in order to separate oneself from the dead person. Psychoanalysis can therefore help to understand the function of this double loss in relation to the unconscious processes that accompany the symbolisation of the loss. In contrast, other observations show how the frozen becoming of some objects attempts to deny their own loss. Two other examples will be given: political discourse on some security devices and the treatment of stuffed animals by the Municipal Archives. In both cases, the second loss is somehow 'prevented' or constantly postponed or denied, and one can wonder how this contributes to or interferes with the work of mourning. In a more fundamental way, this function of the double loss in mourning will allow us to ask the question of the difference between re-construction and resilience. There is indeed a Freudian theory of construction based on the acceptance of loss, which seems radically different from the ideal of resilience (psychological or urban), whose epistemological underpinnings ignore the creative effects of a subjectivising lack.
European Cities Facing Terrorism: From Social Responses to Memory, and Vice Versa
Authors: Truc Gérôme 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe question I will explore in this chapter is the following: what is this process of memorialisation that begins as soon as the attack occurs? How does it work exactly? How can we grasp it sociologically? I will begin by specifying what I understand by ‘immediate memorialisation’ and distinguish the different forms it takes. I will then trace how we move from an immediate memorialisation to a longer-term memorialisation, and in what way the usual distinction between ‘individual’ and ‘collective’ memory does not seem relevant to grasp it. Indeed, this process actually articulates not two, but three levels, which I will illustrate with examples from my research on the various attacks that have struck major European cities since 2001. Finally, I will conclude by showing how this way of conceiving the memorialisation of past attacks helps to better understand the way we react to new attacks.
Agogics and Tempo Rubato
Authors: Rimas Juozas , Rimas Jr Juozas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe concepts of agogics and tempo rubato. Rubato obbligato (E. Stein). The agogic aspects of the process of rubato: supporting points of the bar; the hierarchical sounding of the notes; the grouping of the notes; legato; “articulational silence”; the uneven nature of playing. The parallelism between music and speech (Sprache in Tönen, Klangrede). Semantic articulation (N. Harnoncourt). Articulation and dynamics in Baroque music (mini-dynamics, which occurs within structural units, e.g., motifs). Dotted rhythm (W. Landowska). The nuances of sound cannot be inscribed in the visual space (A. Sverdiolas). Articulation and “fidelity to the work.”
The Transcendent Quality of a Musical Work
Authors: Rimas Juozas , Rimas Jr Juozas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAesthetic expression has a transcendent meaning in relation to everything which an artist creates. Expression as exteriorisation (J. Derrida). Transcendence is moving from a reality which is sensorily experienced “on this side” to a reality “on the other side” (J. Girnius). Transcendence is the essential structure of subjectivity: a person themselves is “existing transcendence” (M. Heidegger). Musical expression is—by converting the text of the work into sound, transcendence—the stepping over into a different form of the work’s being. This presupposes a rational basis of transcendence: it is the product of the thinking of being (A. Šliogeris). The adaptation of the ideas of a broader sphere (e.g., of the humanities) for the purposes of one’s own special activity (e.g., musical performance) is also an act of transcendence, and is effective in activating the imagination, the understanding of the work and musical hearing. The knowledge, abilities and values stored in a person’s experience reflect the identity of the semantic subject: a person’s experience is a system of individual meanings (Ž. Jackūnas, R. Pavilionis).
Instrumentalising Creativity: Depriving Musical Expression of Meaning
Authors: Rimas Juozas , Rimas Jr Juozas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe mechanical aspect of things (A. Camus) and technical “accomplishment” as an end in itself (R. Schumann; J. Girnius). The etymology of techne: neither craft nor art, but rather a mode of knowing (M. Heidegger). The depth of the instrumental as the depth of not-yet-knowing-of-how-to-use and irrationality (A. Šliogeris). Simulation occurs when the energy of the meaning of being is lacking (J. Baudrillard), for example, when the performer pretends to understand what they are playing. The loss of personality as the basis of creation (H. Gadamer). Mass consciousness (J. Ortega y Gasset). The hypertrophy of specialisation of musical studies.
Ernest Ansermet on Music and Its Performance
Authors: Rimas Juozas , Rimas Jr Juozas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Swiss conductor E. Ansermet was also both a musical practitioner and an original thinker: so, his reflections are those of a professional performer and not theoretical. The only one way for the melody to become meaningful is to be experienced as a “path.” The importance of intentionality for the act of musical expression. “Simple structures” as a first stage of musical experience. Music is an image which its performance, and only its performance, communicates to the listener. However, if the musician understands the object of music as technique, the technique becomes independent and has meaning in itself (both E. Ansermet and the author criticise the tendency to fetishise instrumentality).
Music and Language (Connections Between Verbal and Musical Languages)
Authors: Rimas Juozas , Rimas Jr Juozas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWithout claiming to give a comprehensive overview of this broad topic, the author gives his professional view of the necessity of intelligent reading for the understanding of both linguistic and musical texts. Among the topics touched upon are: the role of sound in language and the role of sound in music (J. Shepherd); language, musical language and semiotics (A. J. Greimas, C. Peirce, F. de Saussure); intra-musical and extra-musical semantics in music; and music as a language with multiple meaning (J. Fowles). The author defines musical intellect as the ability to read and understand musical language.
The quantum spectral method: from atomic orbitals to classical self-force
Authors: Khalaf Majed , Telem Ofri 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Can classical systems be described analytically at all orders in their interaction strength? For periodic and approximately periodic systems, the answer is yes, as we show in this work. Our analytical approach, which we call the Quantum Spectral Method, is based on a novel application of Bohr’s correspondence principle, obtaining non-perturbative classical dynamics as the classical limit of quantum matrix elements. A major application of our method is the calculation of self-force as the classical limit of atomic radiative transitions. We demonstrate this by calculating an adiabatic electromagnetic inspiral, along with its associated radiation, at all orders in the multipole expansion. Finally, we propose a future application of the Quantum Spectral Method to compute scalar and gravitational self-force in Schwarzschild, analytically.
Two types of series expansions valid at strong coupling
Authors: Edery Ariel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
It is known that perturbative expansions in powers of the coupling in quantum mechanics (QM) and quantum field theory (QFT) are asymptotic series. This can be useful at weak coupling but fails at strong coupling. In this work, we present two types of series expansions valid at strong coupling. We apply the series to a basic integral as well as a QM path integral containing a quadratic and quartic term with coupling constant λ. The first series is the usual asymptotic one, where the quartic interaction is expanded in powers of λ. The second series is an expansion of the quadratic part where the interaction is left alone. This yields an absolutely convergent series in inverse powers of λ valid at strong coupling. For the basic integral, we revisit the first series and identify what makes it diverge even though the original integral is finite. We fix the problem and obtain, remarkably, a series in powers of the coupling which is absolutely convergent and valid at strong coupling. We explain how this series avoids Dyson’s argument on convergence. We then consider the QM path integral (discretized with time interval divided into N equal segments). As before, the second series is absolutely convergent and we obtain analytical expressions in inverse powers of λ for the nth order terms by taking functional derivatives of generalized hypergeometric functions. The expressions are functions of N and we work them out explicitly up to third order. The general procedure has been implemented in a Mathematica program that generates the expressions at any order n. We present numerical results at strong coupling for different values of N starting at N = 2. The series matches the exact numerical value for a given N (up to a certain accuracy). The continuum is formally reached when N → ∞ but in practice this can be reached at small N.
Parity-violating primordial gravitational waves from null energy condition violation
Authors: Jiang Zi-Wei , Cai Yong , Wang Fei , Piao Yun-Song 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We investigate the parity-violating effects in primordial gravitational waves (GWs) due to null energy condition (NEC) violation in two very early universe scenarios: bounce-inflation and intermediate NEC violation during inflation. In both scenarios, we numerically solve the power spectra of parity-violating primordial GWs generated by coupling the background field and the spectator field with the Nieh-Yan term, respectively. We find that the background field can significantly enhance parity-violating effects at scales corresponding to the maximum of the GW power spectra. In contrast, the parity-violating effects produced by the spectator show significantly weaker observability even if the coupling constant is large. Therefore, in NEC-violating scenarios, the significant observable parity-violating effects in primordial GWs primarily arise from the physics directly related to NEC violation. This result highlights the potential of primordial GWs as crucial tools for exploring NEC-violating and parity-violating physics.
Is intensive training with a time interval between instruction and planning CT necessary for deep inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy in breast cancer?
Authors: Sonnhoff M. , Hermann R.-M. , Aust K. , Knöchelmann A.-C. , Nitsche M. , Ernst B. , Christiansen H. , Blach R.-M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Breathing instruction and exercises and a time gap between training and planning CT scans (pCT) is recommended as part of deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) assisted radiotherapy (RT). However, this is associated with additional time expenditure.

Materials and methods
In two of the authors’ treatment centers (TC), patient training took place before the planning CT of DIBH-assisted therapy. In TC 1, a further appointment was made with a minimum interval of 2 days to perform the planning CT. At TC 2, the planning CT was performed immediately after the first patient instruction. A retrospective evaluation of the clinical parameters of the therapy was carried out to investigate the relevance of the time gap between DIBH exercises and pCT.

Results
A total of 72 patients were included, 35 of whom were treated in TC 1 and 37 in TC 2. In TC 1, an average interval of ~4 days was observed between patient training and planning CT, while in TC 2, training and CT were performed immediately after each other. No significant differences in radiation dose exposure of the lung on the treated side, the whole lung, or the heart were found between the two centers. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the application of the daily RT fraction. The requirement for daily positioning checks was also the same at both treatment centers.

Conclusion
This study does not show any advantages for a time gap between instruction/training and pCT. Skipping the time break does not deteriorate any clinically relevant endpoints.
Risk factors for Charcot foot development in individuals with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tsatsaris Georgios , Rajamand Ekberg Neda , Fall Tove , Catrina Sergiu-Bogdan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Charcot foot is a complication of diabetes mellitus that has potentially disastrous consequences. Although it was first described in 1868 and found to be associated with diabetes in 1936, there is still uncertainty about the risk factors affecting the development of the condition. Here, we aim to identify risk factors for Charcot foot in a nationwide cohort study.

Methods
A retrospective register-based cohort study was performed for the period 2001–2016, using nationwide registries. Individuals with diabetes and Charcot foot were identified and matched by diabetes type and with similar diabetes duration with individuals with diabetes but not Charcot foot. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors.

Results
A total of 3397 participants with diabetes mellitus and Charcot foot and 27,662 control participants with diabetes but without Charcot foot were included. HbA1c, duration of diabetes, micro- and macroalbuminuria, retinopathy and atherosclerosis (general and peripheral) were identified as risk factors for Charcot foot in participants with type 1 diabetes and participants with type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions/interpretation
In the most extensive study on Charcot foot to date, we identified distinctive and common risk factors associated with the development of Charcot foot in individuals with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.

Graphical Abstract
Patellofemorale Instabilität und retropatellarer Knorpelschaden: MPFL + X?
Authors: Hunkeler Christof J. , Overberg Jan-Arie , Tondelli Timo , Imhoff Florian B. 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag wird das klinische Bild der komplexen patellofemoralen Instabilität mit lateral reitender Patella und retropatellarem Knorpelschaden bei einem jungen Patienten demonstriert. Bei einem bereits mehrfach voroperierten Knie mit initial medialisierender Tuberositasosteotomie und Minced-cartilage-Verfahren retropatellar sowie im Verlauf zusätzlicher Rekonstruktion des medialen patellofemoralen Ligaments (MPFL) zeigten sich persistierende Schmerzen und eine weiterhin lateral reitende Patella. Im Rahmen der Neubeurteilung wurde eine grundlegende objektive Analyse der knöchernen Alignmentparameter durchgeführt. Zudem erfolgte eine physiotherapeutische Evaluation der dynamischen Stabilisatoren. Bei bestehendem Genu valgum ohne Torsionspathologie, aber ausgeprägter Trochleadysplasie, wurde eine koronare Achskorrektur mit Trochleaplastik und lateraler Verlängerungsplastik durchgeführt. Gemäß dem postulierten Hip-down-Modell verbessert sich dadurch der Q‑Winkel und somit der Zugvektor des Quadrizeps bei gleichzeitiger Verringerung des lateralen Anpressdrucks der Patella. Die Trochleaplastik führt zu einer patellofemoralen Stabilisierung, was durch die initial durchgeführte Tuberositasmedialisierung und nachfolgende MPFL-Plastik nicht erreicht werden konnte.