bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting WASP-19b’s Orbital Evolution: New TESS Data and Apsidal Precession Analysis
Authors: Shen Zoutong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Due to the ongoing debate of whether WASP19b is experiencing orbital decay or apsidal precession, I reexamine the orbital evolution of the hot Jupiter WASP-19b using new TESS data from sectors 09, 36, 62, and 63. My comprehensive analysis of transit and occultation timing variations compares models of constant period, orbital decay, and apsidal precession. Results show no significant preference between orbital decay and apsidal precession models. I find a period change rate of −1.40 ± 0.54 ms yr−1, slower than some previous studies but consistent with others. My apsidal precession analysis yields an eccentricity of 0.00178 and a precession rate of 0.036 deg day−1, differing from recent literature. These findings underscore the complexity of WASP-19b’s orbital dynamics and the need for continued long-term monitoring.
Comparison of penetration depth of chitosan, zinc oxide, and silica-doped titanium novel nanoparticle irrigant solutions – A confocal laser scanning microscopic in vitro study
Authors: Bademela Sree Laksmi , Raju T. B. V. G. , Parvathaneni Krishna Prasad , Seshadri Abitha , Varma Nadimpalli Mahendra , Dondapati Gowtam Dev 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the penetration depth of three different irrigant solutions incorporated with nanoparticles (NPs) using a confocal laser scanning microscope.

Methods:
Forty-two single-rooted teeth were used. Access cavities were prepared, and working length was determined. The samples were split into three groups at random (n = 14). Group 1 – chitosan NPs, Group 2 – zinc oxide NPs, and Group 3 – silica-doped titanium NPs. Each group was further divided into subgroup A with activation and subgroup B without activation. Each tooth received final irrigants for 1 min. Each sample is sectioned at 3 mm from the apex. A confocal laser scanning microscope was used to observe the irrigant penetration.

Results:
The results showed that there was a significant difference in the penetration depth in Group 2A and Group 3A.

Conclusion:
Activation with PATS Vario increases the penetration when compared to conventional syringe, and zinc oxide NP solution showed increased penetration when compared with other groups.
Indian Endodontic Society: Position statement on the management of separated instruments during root canal treatment
Authors: Vasudevan Aishwarya , Miglani Sanjay , Hegde Vivek , Gopikrishna Velayutham 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
This position statement on the management of separated instruments, endorsed by the Indian Endodontic Society, aims to provide a brief perspective on the challenges faced during shaping of the complex root canal system, and how the inadvertent separation of a broken instrument must be dealt with. The need for referral of such cases to specialist endodontists who are trained to use advanced instrument retrieval systems with the aid of the dental operating microscope is also highlighted.
Knowledge and awareness of pulp vitality tests among dental interns and postgraduates: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Saikiran Kanamarlapudi Venkata , Gurunathan Deepa , Elicherla Sainath Reddy , Rahul Shaik , Nuvvula Sailavanya , Nuvvula Sivakumar 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and awareness on pulp vitality tests among dental interns and postgraduate (PG) students.

Methods:
Using a standardized approach and employing focus group discussions, a 13-item questionnaire was developed. The questionnaires were shared with dental interns and PGs of various dental colleges through WhatsApp and their registered e-mail addresses as a Google Form link. Data from all the individuals were collected to assess and compare the knowledge among dental interns and PG students.

Results:
During 4 weeks, 358 of the total 428 responses were received. The final analysis was carried out using 340 responses (145 PG [42.6%] and 195 intern [57.4%] responses), of which 18 were excluded due to repeated responses. More than half of the participants needed more knowledge about pulp vitality testing.

Conclusion:
Dental PG students had better knowledge and awareness than interns, but implementing this in practice was relatively negligible. Knowing the importance of comprehending pulp vitality tests may aid students in reducing the possibility of damaging the healthy structure of the teeth.
Correlation between root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors and premolars in Western Uttar Pradesh population of India - A cross sectional study
Authors: Mishra Preeti , Nikhil Vineeta , Jha Padmanabh , Raj Shalya , Ravinder Rohit , Sahu Sonal 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the presence of two canals in mandibular incisors and multiple canals in mandibular premolars in the Western Uttar Pradesh population of India using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods:
CBCT scans with 0.125-mm voxel size and 50 mm × 50 mm field of view of 800 patients were evaluated for the parameters; a number of canals, root canal configurations (according to Vertucci’s classification), unilateral/bilateral occurrences, and correlation between presence of two canal configuration in mandibular incisors and multiple canals (>1 canal) in mandibular premolars. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS statistical program version 22.0 using the Chi-square test. The significance level was set as 5%.

Results:
According to the current analysis, the prevalence of mandibular incisors with one canal was 68.1% and two canals were 31.9% whereas in mandibular premolars prevalence of one canal was 71.5%, two canals were 27.2%, and three canals were 1.3%. The incidence of Vertucci type I canal configuration (68.1% mandibular incisors and 71.5% mandibular premolars) was more prevalent than the other types. The incidence of C-shaped canals was 2.6%. The prevalence of bilateral occurrence of the same canal configuration was 16.6%. A positive correlation was found between the presence of two canals in mandibular incisors with multiple canals in mandibular premolars (20.4%).

Conclusion:
The root canal morphology of mandibular premolar teeth of the Western Uttar Pradesh Indian population is complex. Two canals in mandibular incisors are frequently associated with multiple canals in mandibular premolars.
Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance and push-out bond strength of glass fiber post with composite core and single-unit post and core system luted with two different resin cements: An in vitro study
Authors: Garg Ishika , Kumar Pragya , Taneja Sonali 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of the study was to compare the fracture resistance and push-out bond strength of glass fiber post (GFP) with composite core and single unit post and core system luted with two different resin cements.

Methods:
Sixty-four mandibular premolars were chosen as the sample for the study. Sample preparation was done, and specimens were randomly divided into two groups (n = 32) each according to the type of post used: Group I – RelyX GFP, Group II – Edelweiss post and core. They were further subdivided in two subgroups based on luting cements: subgroup A: RelyX U200 Adhesive Resin cement and subgroup B: SoloCem resin cement. Fracture resistance was measured in half of the prepared specimens by subjecting a load of 1 mm/min. The load was subjected along the long axis of the tooth at an angle of 45° until failure occurred using the universal testing machine. Half of the samples were divided into three horizontal thirds, i.e., coronal, middle, and apical, and push-out bond strength was evaluated at a rate of 0.5 mm/min. The scores were subjected to statistical analysis using independent t-test and SPSS Version 22.0.

Results:
Group I showed nonsignificantly better fracture resistance than Group II irrespective of type of luting agent used. Subgroup B showed nonsignificantly higher fracture resistance than subgroup A irrespective of the post used. Subgroup B was nonsignificant better push-out bond strength than Subgroup A (P < 0.05). Push-out bond strength of Group II was significantly better than Group I irrespective of the luting agent.

Conclusion:
Fiber post showed nonsignificantly better fracture resistance than Edelweiss post and core system. SoloCem showed nonsignificantly better fracture resistance and push-out bond strength with Edelweiss than RelyX U200.
A quantitative comparison of apically extruded debris during root canal preparation using NiTi full-sequence rotary and single-file rotary systems: An in vitro study
Authors: Goel Pallavi , Vikram R. , Anithakumari R. , Adarsha M. S. , Sudhanva M. E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to compare quantitatively the apically extruded debris during root canal preparation using NiTi full-sequence rotary and single-file rotary systems.

Methods:
Sixty extracted mandibular premolar teeth with single canals and similar lengths were used and divided into four groups. Groups A and B are NiTi full-sequence rotary systems and Groups C and D are single-file rotary systems. In Group A, the canals were prepared using V-Taper 2H file (up to 25/0.06), Group B: TruNatomy file (up to 26/0.04), Group C: OneShape file (25/0.06), and Group D: OneCurve file (25/0.04). The initial weight of each Eppendorf tube to be used was calculated using an analytical balance before instrumentation. After instrumentation, the tubes were then stored for 15 days in an incubator at 37°C. The Eppendorf tubes were weighed again to determine their final weight which contained the extruded debris. The data were statistically analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test and Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results:
The OneCurve single-file system resulted in statistically significant less debris extrusion than the OneShape single-file system, TruNatomy multifile system, and V-Taper 2H multifile system (P < 0.001). Among the full-sequence rotary file systems, the TruNatomy rotary file system produced statistically significantly less debris extrusion than the V-Taper 2H rotary file system (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
All the instrumentation systems caused apical extrusion of debris. OneCurve system showed least debris extrusion, followed by OneShape, TruNatomy, and V-Taper 2H systems. Thus, single-file rotary instruments performed better with the less extrusion of debris when compared to multifile rotary systems.
A novel ultra-performance liquid chromatography detection method development and validation for paclitaxel and its major metabolite in human plasma
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Vardhan Gyan , Sehrawat Amit , Handu Shailendra , Dhamija Puneet 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Paclitaxel is a promising anticancer drug for patients with ovarian, breast, lung, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, prostate, and head-and-neck cancers. Paclitaxel follows nonlinear pharmacokinetics. The major metabolite of paclitaxel is 6-alpha-hydroxy paclitaxel, mediated by CYP2C8, while metabolism to two of its minor metabolites, 3’-p-hydroxypaclitaxel and 6a, 3’- p-dihydroxypaclitaxel, is catalyzed by CYP3A4. Therapeutic drug monitoring of paclitaxel could be a promising approach to improve the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel correct personalized doses and improve the overall benefit–risk ratio. A novel and highly sensitive chromatographic method for the detection of paclitaxel and its metabolite has been proposed that allows quantification in human plasma with 100% accuracy in terms of recovery without significant intraday or interday variations.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study was planned following bioanalytical method validation guidance according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration requirements. The validation of the analytical procedure was performed as per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. It was done to assure the reliability of the results obtained for various parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification, robustness, stability, and system suitability.

RESULTS:
The specificity of the method was established by ensuring no interference with peak obtained from paclitaxel and 6-alpha-hydroxy paclitaxel. LOD was found to be 0.05 and 0.033 while the limit of quantitation was 0.14 and 0.099 for paclitaxel and 6-alpha-hydroxy paclitaxel, respectively. Median (±interquartile range) accuracy for paclitaxel and 6-alpha-hydroxy paclitaxel was found to be 102.73 (±13.581) and 100.87 (±7.573), respectively.

CONCLUSION:
This novel method of simultaneous detection of paclitaxel and its major metabolite 6-alpha-hydroxy paclitaxel demonstrated significant resolution and was sensitive enough for its quantification in human plasma.
Efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of biosimilars of bevacizumab in näive patients with diabetic macular edema
Authors: Virani Shalini , Bhatiwal Akshay , Rewri Parveen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy restores retinal architecture and enhances vision in diabetic macular edema (DME). Bevacizumab is an off-label anti-VEGF drug that effectively treats DME. The safety and efficacy of bevacizumab biosimilars, which are more affordable than the original medication, still need to be established. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness, efficacy, and safety of biosimilars for treating patients with naïve DME across various price ranges that are accessible in the Indian market.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Two biosimilars, BevaciRelTM (Reliance Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd.) and ZyBev (Cadila Healthcare Limited), were compared to their original, Avastin (Roche Products [India] Pvt. Ltd.), in a randomized, control study. Three end-notes were used to assess safety and efficacy: persistence, improvement, and adverse events. Cost-effective analysis was carried out using a decision-tree analysis model.

RESULTS:
This study included 69 (59%) men and 54 (41%) women with naïve DME. The cohort had an average log MAR visual acuity of 0.87 ± 0.22, and the central retinal thickness at baseline on OCT was 398.5 ± 37.61 μm. The visual acuity showed a similar improvement, and there was a decrease in central retinal thickness as observed on OCT across the groups. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 10.8.

CONCLUSIONS:
The biosimilars of bevacizumab are safe and efficacious in treating DME in a cost-effective manner.
To evaluate the effects of the application of 0.03% tacrolimus ointment in patients of vernal keratoconjunctivitis at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Waghmare Ajay V. , Awargaonkar Amarnath V. , Kuril Surajkumar S. , Nandedkar Varsha 
Published: September 2024

Context:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of 0.03% tacrolimus eye ointment in treating patients diagnosed with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) specifically within a tertiary care hospital setting.

Materials and Methods:
From October 2019 to October 2021, a prospective observational study took place at the department of ophthalmology in a tertiary care center. The study involved 42 consecutive VKC cases that had not seen relief with antihistaminics, mast cell stabilizers, or topical steroids. When steroid is applied in VKC patient it leads to various complications. So, in steroid refractory VKC tacrolimus application is used. Treatment involved applying topical 0.03% tacrolimus ointment was an effective and safe treatment. The study assessed changes in symptoms and signs posttreatment and monitored potential complications at 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14 weeks into the treatment during follow-up sessions.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 10.7 ± 3.3 years. Following the administration of 0.03% tacrolimus, all signs and symptoms such as itching, foreign body sensation, tearing, photophobia, papillae, conjunctival hyperemia, limbal edema, Horner-Trantas dots, as well as keratitis (superficial punctate keratitis) showed significant improvement (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The application of 0.03% tacrolimus has been found effective in reducing the symptoms and signs of VKC, particularly in cases refractory to steroids, with very few cases reporting minimal side effects. This study emphasizes the crucial role of tacrolimus in preventing the severe visual complications often linked to this disease.
Retrospective review of clinical outcomes of fornix reservoir restoration surgery for conjunctivochalasis with cryopreserved amniotic membrane
Authors: Quiceno Jose Ivan 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Conjunctivochalasis (CCh) is characterized by loose, redundant conjunctival folds that result in tear film instability. For cases that are refractory to conventional therapies, surgical treatment may be used to address the underlying pathophysiology.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to assess the clinical outcome of fornix reservoir restoration surgery with cryopreserved amniotic membrane (AM) in patients with symptomatic CCh.

Setting and Design:
This was an observational, retrospective, single-site study.

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective review of eyes with CCh that underwent fornix deepening reconstruction with conjunctival recession and AM transplantation with at least 3 months of follow-up. Outcome measures, which were assessed at 2 ± 1 weeks postoperatively and at the last follow-up visit, included CCh severity, symptoms, tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining, subconjunctival hemorrhage, and delayed tear clearance.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Wilcoxon signed–rank test and Fisher’s exact test were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
Ten eyes (76.9%) presented with Grade 3 CCh, and 3 eyes (23.1%) presented with Grade 2 CCh along with ocular irritation (100%), epiphora (84.6%), dryness (76.9%), ocular pain (38.5%), and photophobia (23.1%). Following surgical intervention, CCh severity significantly improved to Grade 0 in all eyes. This was accompanied by a significant improvement in corneal staining, symptoms, and resolution of conjunctival staining/subconjunctival hemorrhage.

Conclusion:
Surgical treatment using the reservoir restoration procedure addresses the pathophysiology of CCh as demonstrated by improved symptoms, TBUT, and corneal and conjunctival staining.
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia score to predict Type 1 retinopathy of prematurity in a resource-limited country
Authors: Sahu Sandip Kumar , Parija Sucheta , Som Tapas Kumar , Mohanty Pankaj Kumar , Panigrahi Sahadeb , Moharana Bruttendu 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) leads to permanent vision loss unless treated timely. National screening guidelines for ROP are sensitive but lack specificity. The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia ROP (CHOP ROP) model is highly specific for detecting severe ROP.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the CHOP ROP model in an Indian setting.

Setting:
In this prospective observational study, preterm neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were included.

Materials and Methods:
The screening was done as per the conventional screening guidelines. The CHOP ROP algorithm was applied to all neonates undergoing ROP screening, and the risk score was calculated from 2nd week onward.

Statistics:
The sensitivity, specificity, and Pearson coefficient of the CHOP algorithm in detecting Type 1 ROP were calculated.

Results:
Keeping the alarm level at 0.014, 143 (87.2%) babies fall into the low-risk group and 21 (12.8%) in the high-risk group. The sensitivity and specificity of the CHOP algorithm in detecting Type 1 ROP were 33% and 88%, respectively. Keeping the alarm level at 0.001, 118 (72%) babies were categorized as high risk, including 8 Type 1 ROP.

Conclusion:
The CHOP ROP model is unsuitable as an adjunct to the conventional screening guidelines to reduce the screening burden. This may be because the original nomogram was developed based on the screening criteria of Western countries. In India, where larger and older preterm babies tend to develop ROP, the nomogram may need to be updated.
Comparative evaluation of modified diurnal tension curve with water drinking test among glaucoma suspects at University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed Safinatu W. , Adio Adedayo O. , Ejimadu Chibuike S. S. , Nathaniel Godswill Inye 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
The objective of the study was to assess the correlation of intraocular pressure (IOP) peaks and fluctuation obtained using a modified diurnal tension curve (mDTC) and water drinking test (WDT) and to investigate the relevance of routine use of WDT in glaucoma suspects at University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
Glaucoma suspects were enrolled in this prospective comparative study. A total of 138 participants were recruited. All participants were subjected to two hourly IOP checks for 8 h (mDTC starting from 8:00 am). The WDT was done the following day, starting at 8:00 am. There was a 2-h water fast before the commencement of the WDT and IOP was measured every 15 min for 1 h after ingestion of 1 L of water.

Results:
Out of the 138 glaucoma suspects recruited for the study, 57 were male and 81 females, with a mean age of 37.8 ± 11.7 years. The mean peak IOP measured during mDTC (19.0 ± 3.5 mmHg) was statistically different from that measured during WDT (20.9 ± 4.4 mmHg; P < 0.001). The mean IOP fluctuation measured during the mDTC (5.6 ± 1.9 mmHg) was also statistically different from that measured by WDT (6.9 ± 2.7 mmHg) (P < 0.001). The peak IOP measured during mDTC showed a strong correlation with peak IOP during WDT (r = 0.840); however, there was moderate agreement between the two peaks (k = 0.408). The IOP peaks of mDTC and WDT showed excellent strength of association (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.901) and poor strength of association for the fluctuation in IOP (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.556).

Conclusion:
The WDT can provide an easier, nonexpensive, and less time-consuming method of peak IOP determination, which will aid in the timely management of glaucoma patients.