bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new method for evaluating the real‐time residual seismic capacity of existing structures using accelerometers: Structures with multiple degrees of freedom
Authors: Kusunoki Koichi , Hinata Daiki , Hattori Yuuki , Tasai Akira 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a new method that involves the use of a double integral with a wavelet transform for computing the capacity curve of a system with multiple degrees of freedom. The displacement response of a building is derived from measurements of its acceleration, thus facilitating the assessment of the damage to the building as soon as possible after an earthquake. The validity of the method is assessed against existing shaking‐table results for a reinforced concrete structure.
Photoinduced N‐Methylation and N‐Sulfonylation of Azobenzenes with DMSO Under Mild Reaction Conditions
Authors: Xu Ning , Zhang Yan , Chen Wei , Li Pinhua , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA photoinduced N‐methylation and N‐sulfonylation of azobenzenes with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was developed in the absence of an external photosensitizer under mild conditions. The reactions underwent smoothly to generate the corresponding products in high yields through a radical addition using the starting material azobenzene as a photosensitizer. This strategy features simple operation, easily available starting materials and DMSO acting as both methylating and sulfonylating agent.magnified image
Nickel and Copper‐Catalyzed Carbonylation Reaction of Organoboranes
Authors: Etemadi‐Davan Elham , Iranpoor Nasser , Arshad Pourya 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCarbonylation of arylboronic acid derivatives employing Cr(CO)6 as the carbonyl source and NiCl2(dmg)/4,4′‐bipy as the catalyst under air without applying external oxidant has been reported for the amide and ester synthesis (dmg=dimethylgloxime; bipy=bipyridine). Moreover, CHCl3 was also used as another carbonyl source for the amide synthesis with CuI/1,10‐phenanthroline catalytic system.
Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 and 2 in human temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Talos Delia M. , Jacobs Leah M. , Gourmaud Sarah , Coto Carlos A. , Sun Hongyu , Lim Kuei‐Cheng , Lucas Timothy H. , Davis Kathryn A. , Martinez‐Lage Maria , Jensen Frances E. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTemporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a chronic epilepsy syndrome defined by seizures and progressive neurological disabilities, including cognitive impairments, anxiety, and depression. Here, human TLE specimens were investigated focusing on the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) and complex 2 (mTORC2) activities in the brain, given that both pathways may represent unique targets for treatment.MethodsSurgically resected hippocampal and temporal lobe samples from therapy‐resistant TLE patients were analyzed by western blotting to quantify the expression of established mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity markers and upstream or downstream signaling pathways involving the two complexes. Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess hippocampal and neocortical structural abnormalities and cell‐specific expression of individual biomarkers. Samples from patients with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type II served as positive controls.ResultsWe found significantly increased expression of phospho‐mTOR (Ser2448), phospho‐S6 (Ser235/236), phospho‐S6 (Ser240/244), and phospho‐Akt (Ser473) in TLE samples compared to controls, consistent with activation of both mTORC1 and mTORC2. Our work identified the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase and Ras/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase signaling pathways as potential mTORC1 and mTORC2 upstream activators. In addition, we found that overactive mTORC2 signaling was accompanied by induction of two protein kinase B–dependent prosurvival pathways, as evidenced by increased inhibitory phosphorylation of forkhead box class O3a (Ser253) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (Ser9).InterpretationOur data demonstrate that mTOR signaling is significantly dysregulated in human TLE, offering new targets for pharmacological interventions. Specifically, clinically available drugs that suppress mTORC1 without compromising mTOR2 signaling, such as rapamycin and its analogs, may represent a new group of antiepileptogenic agents in TLE patients. Ann Neurol 2018;83:311–327
Catalytic and Atom‐Economic C−C Bond Formation: Alkyl Tantalum Ureates for Hydroaminoalkylation
Authors: DiPucchio Rebecca C. , Roşca Sorin‐Claudiu , Schafer Laurel L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAtom‐economic and regioselective C
−C
bond formation has been achieved by rapid C−H alkylation of unprotected secondary arylamines with unactivated alkenes. The combination of Ta(CH2SiMe3)3Cl2, and a ureate N,O‐chelating‐ligand salt gives catalytic systems prepared in situ that can realize high yields of β‐alkylated aniline derivatives from either terminal or internal alkene substrates. These new catalyst systems realize C−H alkylation in as little as one hour and for the first time a 1:1 stoichiometry of alkene and amine substrates results in high yielding syntheses of isolated amine products by simple filtration and concentration.
Chronic total occlusion: Does anti‐platelet choice impact outcomes?
Authors: Shatila Wassim , Krajcer Zvonimir 
Published: January 2018

Key Points

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is associated with worse outcomes compared to non CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
CTO might be associated with vasomotor dysfunction
Ticagrelor is a novel P2Y12 inhibitor that increases local adenosine
The TIGER‐BVS trial plans to assess the impact of using ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel on vasomotor activity and outcomes after successful CTO PCI.
Predictive value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in long‐term outcomes of left main and/or three‐vessel disease in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Xu Na , Tang Xiao‐Fang , Yao Yi , Zhao Xueyan‐ , Chen Jue‐ , Gao Zhan‐ , Yang Yuejin‐ , Gao Run‐Lin , Xu Bo , Yuan Jin‐Qing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the independent predictive value of left main disease (LMD) and/or three‐vessel disease (LMD/3VD) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.BackgroundPatients with acute coronary syndrome resulting from LMD and/or three‐vessel disease (LMD/3VD) are at the highest risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been proposed as a marker of cardiovascular risk, but the prognostic value of NLR in patients with LMD/3VD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is not clearly defined.MethodsPatients (n = 806) admitted with LMD/3VD who underwent PCI between January 2013 and December 2013 were followed up for 2 years. Admission NLR was divided into two sub‐groups based on an optimal cut off value predicting 2‐year all‐cause mortality. The primary end point was all‐cause death. The secondary end point was long‐term major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).ResultsDuring follow‐up, the high NLR group was associated with a significantly higher rate of long‐term all‐cause mortality (6.7 vs. 0.9%, P < .001), and MACCE (24.7 vs. 15.8%, P = .002) compared to the low NLR group. In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for risk factors, NLR ≥ 3.39 was determined to be an independent predictor of 2‐year all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio[HR] 3.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06 to 8.97, P = .039) and MACCE (hazard ratio 1.44, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.05, P = .046) for LMD/3VD.ConclusionsThe admission NLR as relatively inexpensive marker of inflammation may aid in the risk stratification and prognosis of patients diagnosed with LMD/3VD.
Esophageal atresia and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome in one of the naturally conceived discordant newborn twins: first report
Authors: Serra Gregorio , Antona Vincenzo , Schierz Mandy , Vecchio Davide , Piro Ettore , Corsello Giovanni 
Published: January 2018

Key Clinical MessageRecent studies report a high incidence of monozygotic twinning in Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome. A phenotypical discordance in monozygotic twins is rare. Twinning and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome show higher incidence in children born after assisted reproductive techniques. We report on the first observation of esophageal atresia and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome in one of the naturally conceived discordant monozygotic twins.
Effect of magnetic field on the ammonia‐based CO2 absorption process
Authors: Zhang Yu , Gao Jianmin , Feng Dongdong , Du Qian , Wu Shaohua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe performance of ammonia‐based CO2 absorption under static magnetic field conditions was discussed. The removal efficiency of CO2, CO2 load, and absorption capacities were studied using a bubble reactor system. The CO2 removal efficiencies, CO2 load, and absorption capacity under static magnetic field conditions were calculated at four kinds of different operating conditions, which included CO2 concentration in flue gas, gas flow rate, concentrations of aqueous ammonia, and reaction temperature. The results indicated that the initial removal efficiency of CO2 can reach 98.5 % by 10 wt% ammonia solution under static magnetic field conditions, and it is 7 % higher than that under the no magnetic field conditions. The effect of magnetic field on CO2 load and absorption capacity is more obvious when the inlet CO2 concentration in the simulated flue gas is 10 vol%, the CO2 load increases 11.7 % from 1.45 mol/L to 1.62 mol/L, and the absorption capacity rises from 0.668 kgCO2/kgNH3 to 0.738 kgCO2/kgNH3. Compared with the absorption of CO2 under static magnetic field conditions and no magnetic field conditions, the absorption process of CO2 is enhanced by the magnetic field, and the removal efficiency of CO2, CO2 load and absorption capacity show superior performance.
Cover Picture: Highly Stable Molecular Borromean Rings (Chin. J. Chem. 2/2018)
Authors: Lu Ye , Lin Yuejian , Li Zhenhua , Jin Guoxin 
Published: January 2018

The cover picture shows a series of Cp*Rh‐based molecular Borromean rings (BRs), which consist of three chemically independent rings that are locked in such a way that no two of the three rings are linked with each other. Interestingly, the structure of BRs is very similar to Kong Ming Lock (孔明锁), a kind of Chinese traditional six‐piece burr puzzle. In this work, some of as‐synthesized BRs display high stability in solution. The reason is related to the length ratio of the long‐arm linker and short‐arm linker, where smaller aspect ratios of the metallarectangles promote improved stability of the BRs in solution. Increasing the width of the metallaligand or pyridyl ligand hinders the formation of BRs and leads to unoccupied monomeric rectangles, which were further used as catalysts. More details are discussed in the article by Jin et al. on page 106–111.
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Back Cover: Dual Stereocontrol for Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Dihydroisoquinolines Induced by Tuning the Amount of N‐Bromosuccinimide (Chin. J. Chem. 2/2018)
Authors: Ji Yue , Wang Jie , Chen Muwang , Shi Lei , Zhou Yonggui 
Published: January 2018

The back cover picture shows an efficient dual enantioselective synthesis of 1‐substituted 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline, which was realized through iridium‐catalyzed hydrogenation of 1‐substituted 3,4‐dihydroisoquinolines. Only tuning the amount of N‐bromosuccinimide, this reaction promoted by (R)‐BINAP is able to furnish both enantiomers of products up to 89% ee (S) and 98% ee (R), respectively. Dual activation role of N‐bromosuccinimide is proposed to be responsible for the reversal of enantioselectivity under two hydrogenation conditions. More details are discussed in the article by Zhou et al. on page 139–142.
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Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Oxazaborine Inhibitors of the NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: Baldwin Alex G. , Tapia Victor S. , Swanton Tessa , White Claire S. , Beswick James A. , Brough David , Freeman Sally 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe NLRP3 inflammasome is an important regulator of the sterile inflammatory response, and its activation by host‐derived sterile molecules leads to the intracellular activation of caspase‐1, processing of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β)/IL‐18, and pyroptotic cell death. Inappropriate activation of NLRP3 drives a chronic inflammatory response and is implicated in several non‐communicable diseases, including gout, atherosclerosis, type II diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we report the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel boron compounds (NBCs) as NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors. Structure–activity relationships (SAR) show that 4‐fluoro substituents on the phenyl rings retain NLRP3 inhibitory activity, whereas more steric and lipophilic substituents diminish activity. Loss of inhibitory activity is also observed if the CCl3 group on the oxazaborine ring is replaced by a CF3 group. These findings provide additional understanding of the NBC series and will aid in the development of these NLRP3 inhibitors as tool compounds or therapeutic candidates for sterile inflammatory diseases.
Boosting the Sodiation Capability and Stability of FeP by In Situ Anchoring on the Graphene Conductive Framework
Authors: Jiang Yufeng , Zhang Weimin , Yang Yang , He Yu‐Shi , Wang Jiulin , Yang Xiaowei , Liao Xiao‐Zhen , Ma Zi‐Feng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMetal phosphides (MPs) have emerged as a new class of high‐capacity and low‐cost anodes for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). In order to buffer the volume change during the sodiation process and improve the conductivity, we synthesized a porous composite made of FeP nanoparticles uniformly anchored on 3D reduced graphene oxide structure (FeP@rGO) by a low‐temperature chemical solution deposition method with subsequent phosphorization and thermal reduction processes. Electrochemical characterization indicated that the FeP@rGO composite nanostructured anode delivers an attractive reversible capacity up to 366.6 mAh g−1 with superior cycling stability (388.8 mAh g−1 after 250 cycles) and high Coulombic efficiency (>99%), which is among the previously reported high performance transition MPs‐based SIBs anode materials.
Facultative pupal mating in Heliconius erato: Implications for mate choice, female preference, and speciation
Authors: Thurman Timothy J. , Brodie Emily , Evans Elizabeth , McMillan William Owen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMating systems have broad impacts on how sexual selection and mate choice operate within a species, but studies of mating behavior in the laboratory may not reflect how these processes occur in the wild. Here, we examined the mating behavior of the neotropical butterfly Heliconius erato in the field by releasing larvae and virgin females and observing how they mated. H. erato is considered a pupal‐mating species (i.e., males mate with females as they emerge from the pupal case). However, we observed only two teneral mating events, and experimentally released virgins were almost all mated upon recapture. Our study confirms the presence of some pupal‐mating behavior in H. erato, but suggests that adult mating is likely the prevalent mating strategy in this species. These findings have important implications for the role of color pattern and female mate choice in the generation of reproductive isolation in this diverse genus.
Ecological drivers of song evolution in birds: Disentangling the effects of habitat and morphology
Authors: Derryberry Elizabeth Perrault , Seddon Nathalie , Derryberry Graham Earnest , Claramunt Santiago , Seeholzer Glenn Fairbanks , Brumfield Robb Thomas , Tobias Joseph Andrew 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEnvironmental differences influence the evolutionary divergence of mating signals through selection acting either directly on signal transmission (“sensory drive”) or because morphological adaptation to different foraging niches causes divergence in “magic traits” associated with signal production, thus indirectly driving signal evolution. Sensory drive and magic traits both contribute to variation in signal structure, yet we have limited understanding of the relative role of these direct and indirect processes during signal evolution. Using phylogenetic analyses across 276 species of ovenbirds (Aves: Furnariidae), we compared the extent to which song evolution was related to the direct influence of habitat characteristics and the indirect effect of body size and beak size, two potential magic traits in birds. We find that indirect ecological selection, via diversification in putative magic traits, explains variation in temporal, spectral, and performance features of song. Body size influences song frequency, whereas beak size limits temporal and performance components of song. In comparison, direct ecological selection has weaker and more limited effects on song structure. Our results illustrate the importance of considering multiple deterministic processes in the evolution of mating signals.
Use of environmental sites by mule deer: a proxy for relative risk of chronic wasting disease exposure and transmission
Authors: Mejía‐Salazar María Fernanda , Waldner Cheryl L. , Hwang Yeen Ten , Bollinger Trent K. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPrions that cause chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids can remain infective for years outside the host. Infectious cervids shed prions for a long time, consequently depositing prions in frequently used areas. These environmental prions are important in CWD epidemiology. Unfortunately, effective tools for quantifying CWD prions in soil, water, and other environmental sources are not currently available. Our goal was to investigate relative differences in visits by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) to various environmental site types as an indicator of the relative risk of prion contamination and disease transmission. For this, we deployed a system of triggered‐by‐movement cameras at eight site types in a CWD‐endemic area in Saskatchewan, Canada. We first assessed whether the relative differences among site types in the frequency of visits by mule deer of any sex‐and‐age class, males, and females varied by season and site type. We then assessed whether the rate of behaviors with a high risk of environmental prion transmission (either contamination or acquisition) differed by season and site type. Finally, we assessed whether the intensity of visitation, based on the number of animals per picture, differed by season and site type. We found that grain sources and beds were key attractants for mule deer: (1) The greatest number of pictures with mule deer per camera‐day occurred at grain sources across all seasons, except in fawning, when beds were the most visited sites; (2) during pre‐rut and early gestation, mule deer visited grain sources at least twice as often as most other sites; (3) females were more likely to visit beds and grain sources, but there was no significant site preferences for males after accounting for season; (4) mule deer were most likely to be pictured contacting the environment at grain sources in early gestation; and (5) beds and grain sources were the most intensively visited sites. We also found that environmental contacts at waterholes were more frequent during spring. We discuss the potential importance of various sites in the transmission of CWD and how their modification could potentially reduce the risk of prion environmental exposure among mule deer.
Downhill shift of alpine plant assemblages under contemporary climate and land‐use changes
Authors: Bhatta Kuber Prasad , Grytnes John‐Arvid , Vetaas Ole Reidar 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCompositional changes in Himalayan vegetation in response to the major drivers of biodiversity loss, climate change and land‐use change, are barely documented. We quantify temporal changes in the alpine vegetation of central Nepal and attribute these changes to temporally varying climatic and land‐use factors. We re‐surveyed the alpine vegetation of two locations within Langtang National Park, central Nepal, after 25 yr using 127 plots of 100 m2. Using ordination, regression, and weighted average regression and calibration techniques, we analyzed the changes in terms of species abundance, frequency, and elevational shift in relation to changing atmospheric temperature, precipitation, and livestock grazing. We found a significant increase in the frequency and relative abundance of the majority of species, which was significantly related to the temporal trends in climatic factors and grazing intensity. Out of 12 species with unimodal responses along the elevation gradient during both surveys, the optima of eight species decreased over the time period. The observed elevations of 62 out of 92 sample plots (hence, species composition) in 2014 were lower than the elevations calibrated from species composition and elevation of 1990, indicating an overall downward shift of species assemblages. However, an upward shift of assemblages was also observed at higher elevations. These results indicate that the observed temporal changes in alpine vegetation, largely contrasting the expected upslope shift of species due to climate warming, are driven most likely by interactions of contemporary climate and land‐use changes, especially reduced grazing. The complex interactions and feedback mechanisms between warmer winters, increased precipitation, reduced grazing pressure, and thereby altered species interactions most likely facilitated the downslope shift of alpine species assemblages. Climatic and land‐use responses of plant species assemblages should therefore be studied focusing on the potential interactions between both the climatic and the land‐use factors because such interactions and feedback mechanisms have potential to mask or modify the expected climatic or land‐use response of biodiversity.
Operator Based Two Loop Nonlinear Forced Vibration Control of a Flexible Plate
Authors: JIN GUANG , DENG MINGCONG , WAKITANI SHIN 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYA nonlinear forced vibration control method for a flexible plate with piezoelectric actuators is proposed in this paper. A model of a flexible plate, taking into account the hysteresis of the piezoelectric actuator, is given. In addition, the design of nonlinear control system is given by using the operator theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear control system is confirmed by simulation and experimental results.
A High Immersive Telexistence System of the Moving Object with Full Circumference Image and Inertial Force Presentation
Authors: HAYAKAWA TATSUYA , YOSHIMURA DAIJIRO , SAITO MITSUYUKI , KOBAYASHI YASUHIDE , WAKITA WATARU 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYCurrently, the remote control such as the bilateral control which enables transmitting the multimodal information has been studied. However, remote control has not been reached while perceiving the wind, gravity, and the condition of the ground on the moving object at the remote place. When it is possible to perceive the external force applied to the moving object, it is possible to perform an appropriate operation sensuously according to a remote place such as a slope or a gravel road. Therefore, we propose a high immersive telexistence system with head mounted display and the six‐axis motion base which enables transmitting the inertia and force information of the moving vehicle, and 360‐degree image of moving object's surroundings at real‐time.
New Drive Circuit for Reducing the Switching Current Ripples in Switched Reluctance Motors
Authors: ISHIKAWA HIROKI , IMAI TAKANORI , NAITOH HARUO 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a new drive circuit for reducing the switching current ripples in a switched reluctance motor (SRM). The authors have already presented an instantaneous flat torque control for SRMs, and confirmed its effectiveness through experimental results. However, the switching current ripples also cause torque ripples, and therefore, the current ripples should be decreased to reduce the torque ripples even more. The proposed circuit with parallel capacitor can realize such a reduction. The validity of the proposed drive circuit is verified experimentally.