bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of intravenous lidocaine infusion on postoperative pain and inflammatory factors in patients undergoing thoracic surgery
Authors: Xu Lulu , Zhou Yong , Jiang Xueqing , Ni Jun , Feng Chaonan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To observe the effects of intravenous lidocaine infusion on postoperative pain and inflammatory factors in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.
Methods 120 patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy were randomly divided into groups A, B and C, with 40 cases in each group. Group A received intravenous lidocaine 1.0 mg/kg during anesthesia induction, continued to pump lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg•h during the operation until the end of the operation, and continued to pump lidocaine 0.2 mg/kg•h after surgery until 48 hours after surgery; Group B received intravenous lidocaine 1.0 mg/kg during induction of anesthesia and continued to pump lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg•h during operation until the end of operation; Group C was given equal volume of normal saline. VAS pain scores were recorded after extubation, 30 min after extubation, when leaving PACU, 24 h after surgery and 48 h after surgery. Coughing during extubation, postoperative nausea and vomiting, additional postoperative analgesics, number of analgesic pump compressions, first time to exhaust gas, first time to get out of bed, length of hospital stay and postoperative QoR15 score were measured. Serum levels of procalcitonin and IL-6 were measured by intravenous blood samples before and 48 h after operation.
Results Compared with group C, VAS scores in group A and group B were significantly decreased 30min after extubation, after leaving PACU, 24h and 48h after surgery (P < 0.017). The incidence of coughing during extubation was decreased (P < 0.05), the first time of getting out of bed was significantly shortened (P < 0.017), the levels of procalcitonin and IL-6 were significantly decreased 24h after extubation (P < 0.017), and the score of QoR15 was significantly increased (P < 0.017). There were no significant differences in VAS score after extubation, incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, additional analgesic drugs and the number of analgesic pump compression, first postoperative exhaust time and postoperative hospital stay among three groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Intravenous infusion of lidocaine can effectively relieve postoperative pain and reduce the level of postoperative inflammatory factors in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.
Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2300078858, 20/12/2023.
Assessment of patient satisfaction with pharmacy service and associated factors at community pharmacies in Debre Tabor Town, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Addis Getu Tesfaw , Tadesse Tesfaye Yimer , Addis Eyerus Tesfaw , Moges Tilaye Arega , Ayele Teklie Mengie , Dagnew Samuel Berihun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
One of the main ways to assess how well healthcare is being delivered is through patient satisfaction. When visiting community pharmacy, patients express a clear desire for high-quality care. But if their needs aren't well identified, the patient could not be satisfied. When a patient is happy with their pharmaceutical care, they are more likely to follow through on their prescription regimens, seek out medical assistance, and adhere to it. One strategy to raise customer satisfaction with healthcare services is to make quality pharmacies more accessible. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to assess patient satisfaction with pharmacy services at a community pharmacy in Debre Tabor city, North West Ethiopia, 2024.
Methods and materials:
A cross-sectional study were conducted among 405 respondents to assess satisfaction with pharmacy service in community pharmacy located in northwestern Ethiopia from February to March 2024. Data were collected through an exit interview using structured questionnaires. Then, it was entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to Spss version 23 for analysis. Associations between dependent and independent variables were assessed by multiple logistic regression using an adjusted odds ratio at a 95% confidence interval and the p values of less than 0.05.
Result
Four hundred five participants agreed to finish the study. The total satisfaction rate for community pharmacy services was 62.7%. The pharmacist does not provide information on how to deal with drug side effects that may develop at any time, which was the primary source of dissatisfaction (46.4%). Client satisfaction was adversely associated with an uncomfortable waiting area (AOR = 5.67, 95% CI: 1.18–27.22), an unfair medicine cost (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 0.90–2.82), and Age (AOR = 9.55, 95% CI: 3.17–28.80).
Conclusion
The level of customer satisfaction with pharmacy services was reported to be greater than 50%. The area of residence, educational status, and drug availability have no association with their level of satisfaction, but their perception of uncomfortable waiting areas, unfair medication costs were negatively associated with their satisfaction.
Delta Neutrophil Index in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: An Innovation in Postoperative Mortality Assessment
Authors: Bilgiç Abdulkadir , Toprak Burak , Kaya Hamide , Toprak Çise Kanat 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

a. Background:
Recently, the role of inflammatory markers in assessing the severity of CAD in the early stages has garnered interest. Currently, there are no specific inflammatory biomarkers routinely used for predicting postoperative mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In this study, we evaluated the significance of postoperative DNI as a prognostic marker for early mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
b. Aims:
The aim of this study is to determine the significance of the delta neutrophil index (DNI), which reflects the proportion of immature granulocytes, as a prognostic marker for early postoperative mortality in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
c. Methods:
This rigorously designed retrospective cohort study, conducted at a high-volume tertiary care center specializing in cardiovascular surgery, included a robust patient cohort to ensure comprehensive data analysis and reliable conclusions. The study included a consecutive series of 446 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) between January 1, 2022, and August 1, 2023.
d. Results:
Mortality was found to be associated with Pre-DNI (p < 0.05). A 1-unit increase in Pre-DNI measurement was associated with a 2.61-fold (95% Confidence Interval: 1.54–4.45) increase in the risk of death. Additionally, mortality was also associated with Post-DNI (p < 0.05). A 1-unit increase in Post-DNI measurement was associated with a 10.21-fold (95% Confidence Interval: 5.08–20.05) increase in the risk of death.
e. Conclusions:
This study unequivocally establishes that elevated DNI values serve as potent independent predictors of postoperative mortality, underscoring the clinical utility of DNI as a key component in the perioperative risk stratification for CABG patients. Both preoperative and postoperative DNI were significantly associated with mortality, highlighting the valuable role of DNI in risk assessment necessary for perioperative and postoperative management. This highlights the dual utility of DNI in not only predicting but also monitoring patient outcomes throughout the perioperative period. Incorporating DNI into routine clinical practice could provide a more personalized approach to postoperative care, potentially improving patient survival and reducing complication rates in CABG surgery.
GSH-responsive and Mitochondria-targeting Multifunctional Nanoplatform for MR imaging-guided enhanced chemotherapy of Glioma by Reshaping the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Zheng Guangrong , Ke Tengfei , Zhao Wen , Shan Haiyan , Li Guochen , Yang Xingyu , Ouyang Zhiqiang , Wang Hongjin , Yang Haiyan , Liao Chengde 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Despite considerable progress in glioma research, present therapeutic approaches continue to be insufficiently efficacious, predominantly owing to challenging hindrances in conveying chemotherapy drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reshaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, a multifunctional nanoplatform was developed comprising poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) encapsulated with MnO2 nanoparticles, triphenylphosphonium (TPP) conjugated with doxorubicin (DOX), and Angiopep-2 (Ang) for the magnetic resonance imaging-guided enhanced chemotherapy of glioma. The role of Ang promotes BBB penetration and tumor cell targeting, while TPP allows for an increased concentration of the Ang-PMT NPs in the mitochondria. Upon exposure to high concentration of glutathione (GSH) within the TME, the Ang-PMT NPs disintegrate rapidly, resulting in the production of Mn2+ and the subsequent release of DOX. The released DOX directly eradicates tumor cells and catalyzes mitochondrial DNA release, leading to immunogenic cell death (ICD) and the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Furthermore, the produced Mn2+ also activates the cGAS-STING pathway, thereby reshaping the TME and enhancing chemotherapy for glioma. The multifunctional nanoplatform demonstrated a notable inhibition of tumor growth in comparison to the control groups. It is anticipated that this innovative approach may offer promising prospects for the management of malignant glioma in clinical management.
Tropical cyclones modulate drought characteristics in the Hurricane Region of the Americas
Authors: Herrera Dimitris , Dominguez Christian , Centella Abel , Sánchez-Murillo Ricardo , Pons Diego , Hidalgo Hugo , Sierra-Lorenzo Maibys , Cook Benjamin , Bregy Joshua , Bezanilla Arnoldo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Drought and tropical cyclones (TCs) are among the deadliest and costliest natural hazards, and they are expected to intensify in the twenty-first century because of anthropogenic climate change. The Hurricane Region of the Americas (HRA), an area often impacted by TCs and drought of the Americas, hosts some of the most vulnerable countries to these hazards and climate change worldwide. While TCs and drought have been extensively studied separately, there is little research on their interplay in the HRA, especially in areas without quality, long climate data. Here, we analyze the effects of TCs on drought characteristics (e.g., severity and duration) in the HRA between 1985 and 2023 using high-resolution gridded climate data and an array of drought metrics. Our results yield the first-of-its-kind estimate of the interplay between TCs and drought across the entire HRA. We find that, while TCs contribute to 4–15% of annual and seasonal mean precipitation across the region, on average, they ameliorated or terminated drought (e.g., an improvement of at least one drought rank on each metric) at least once in ~ 60% of the HRA in a single month in 1985–2023 (averaged estimates from all drought metrics). We suggest an appropriate analysis of TC-drought interactions should consider several drought metrics, even if sophisticated land-surface models are used.
A Panel Data Analysis of the Net Zero trajectory of Seven Industrialized Economies.
Authors: Alemzero David , Darimeh Fredrick 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The study examines the correlation between energy consumption and the journey towards achieving net zero emissions in G7 nations spanning from 2002 to 2022. The study reveals a decline in environmental performance in certain G7 economies, primarily attributed to high carbon emissions from sectors such as manufacturing, construction, and transportation. The United States demonstrates the highest levels of emissions, with Japan and Germany following closely behind. The United Kingdom and Italy exhibit the lowest levels of emissions. The transportation industry plays a substantial role in the generation of carbon emissions. The emissions of methane resulting from energy consumption are also significant. Cross-sectional interdependence is present within the G7 nations, refuting cross-sectional independence. The Pesaran Panel Unit Root Test has confirmed the stationarity in all panels. The analysis using the 2SLS method uncovers a statistically significant and positive impact of emissions from the transport sector on total carbon emissions. The under-identification test and the Cragg-Donald Wald F statistic provide substantial evidence of strong identification, whereas the Sargan test rejects the null hypothesis in the over-identifying constraint test. The study recommends that G7 nations adopt customized policy measures, prioritizing non-fiscal strategies to efficiently mitigate carbon emissions and attain net zero objectives..
JEL classification: O50, Q56, P1
Study on the Synergistic Path of Pollution and Carbon Emissions Reduction in Anhui Province Electricity Industry
Authors: Wu Lei , Zhu Weiwei , Qian Jing , Yang Manyi , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
As a significant contributor to secondary energy production, the power generation industry has a considerable reliance on fossil fuels. It is a significant source of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions, making it a key target for emission reduction in environmental protection. This study is focused on the power generation industry in Anhui Province, China. The LMDI decomposition model and the LEAP model are employed to establish five emission reduction scenarios, which were used to forecast future trends in carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions in the power generation sector from 2022 to 2035.
Results
The results indicate that the implementation of comprehensive measures for the promotion of washed coal technology, improvements in thermal power efficiency, and the substitution of clean energy, carbon dioxide, and atmospheric pollutants will reach their peak in 2027, achieving the most optimal emission reduction effects. The analysis of the synergistic emission reduction effects demonstrates that the implementation of comprehensive measures yields the most optimal reduction in carbon dioxide and atmospheric pollutants. Furthermore, the comprehensive scenario exhibits a considerable emission reduction contribution rate.
Conclusions
For the power generation industry in Anhui Province, the simultaneous implementation of three emission reduction measures represents the optimal path for synergistic improvement in pollution reduction and carbon reduction. These measures provide policy recommendations for the power generation industry in other regions seeking to achieve pollution and carbon reduction.
Not-distracting in body sensations: interoceptive focus and somatic symptom in adolescent bipolar disorder patients
Authors: Lv Jialin , Li Juan , Xu Hang , Sun Lin , Zhu Guohui , Wang Weiwen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Bipolar disorder (BD) with somatic symptoms is prevalent in adolescent patients. Interoception has an important impact on physical and emotional regulation. However, it is unclear the characteristics of interoception and its relationship to somatization and emotional symptoms in adolescents with BD.
Methods
This study recruited 71 adolescent BD subjects during rehabilitation and 111 age-matched controls. Demographic characteristics, interoception, somatization, depression, and anxiety symptoms were assessed. Mann-Whitney U tests, partial correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were used to explore the alteration of interoception in BD patients and its association with clinical symptoms.
Results
After adjusting for differential demographic variables, adolescent BD patients scored lower on several dimensions of interoception and higher on somatization and emotional symptoms than controls. Moreover, there were significant differences on the interoceptive dimensions of not-distracting, not-worrying, and trusting between BD patient groups with and without somatization. Correlational analysis revealed that the interoceptive indicators of BD patients were significantly correlated with emotional and somatic symptoms. The dimension of not-distracting was the only interoceptive predictor of somatization symptoms and emotional problems in adolescents with BD, maintaining its predictive stability even after controlling for emotional symptoms. This indicates that the capacity for focused attention is a key interoceptive element affecting the expression of somatic and emotional issues in BD adolescent patients.
Conclusion
Adolescents with BD exhibit deficits in interoception, somatization and emotional issues. The not-distracting aspect of interoception significantly correlates with emotional and somatic symptoms in adolescents with BD, offering insights and targeted strategies for managing psychosomatic symptoms in this demographic.
Abnormal Degree Centrality and Functional Connectivity Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1
Authors: Sun Qian , Zhou Haiyan , Huang Pei , Liu Jun , Zhang Jiaxi , Jia Xize , Xue Xiaomeng , Hao Zeqi , He Di 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives: The present study aimed to examine alterations in voxel-based degree centrality (DC) and functional connectivity (FC), and their relationship with cognitive impairments in individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1).
Methods: Eighteen DM1 patients and eighteen healthy controls (HCs) participated in the study and were assessed using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Voxel-wise DC analysis was conducted to identify abnormal neural hubs in DM1 patients. Additionally, FC method was used to assess abnormalities in functional connections among these aberrant hubs. Correlational analyses were also used to identify and explore the relationship between altered DC and FC values and cognitive performance in DM1 patients.
Results: DM1 patients exhibited reduced DC in the bilateral Rolandic operculum, left inferior frontal gyrus (triangular part), right angular gyrus, right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri, and right middle temporal gyrus. Conversely, increased DC was observed in the right fusiform gyrus, right hippocampus and left inferior temporal gyrus. FC analysis revealed that altered connectivity predominantly occurred between the right middle temporal gyrus, right angular gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus (triangular part). Notably, the DCvaluein the right median cingulate was positively correlated withthe Trail Making Test Part A scores in DM1 patients (r = 0.616, p = 0.005, adjusted p <0.05). No significant correlations were discovered between FC values and neurocognitive performances.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that abnormalities in degree centrality and functional connectivity may become potential neuroimaging biomarkers for cognitive decline in DM1 patients.
Adaptive burst size-based loss differentiation in OBS networks
Authors: Lee Yonggyu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

All OBS nodes have fiber delay lines with a fixed basic delay unit, which is used to decide the length of each fiber delay line, calculated under some optimal traﬀic conditions. This means that if traﬀic conditions change, then the fixed basic delay unit and fiber delay lines should be altered. How- ever, because fiber delay lines are fixed hardware components, they are not easily replaced. So, in order to achieve service differentiation under variable traﬀic conditions and fiber delay lines constructed with the fixed basic delay unit value, a new service differentiation algorithm based on a dedicated fiber delay line buffer architecture is proposed. When traﬀic conditions change, the new algorithm dynamically recalculates the threshold value used to decide the length of data bursts. By doing so, although traﬀic conditions change, the algorithm can maintain the service differentiation between classes without re- placing any fiber delay lines. In order to prove the effectiveness of our new algorithm, extensive simulations and numerical analyses were performed. The various results show that the new algorithm successfully guarantee a required loss rate for each class. Also, from the results, it is known that our algorithm eﬀiciently utilizes the fiber delay lines.
Neural network disturbance observer-based anti- saturation backstepping control for hypersonic vehicles
Authors: Dai Pei , Feng DongZhu , Wang Caihui , Zhao Jiaqi , Chen Tianle , Wang Xin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study proposes a radial basis function neural network disturbance observer (RBFNNDO) based anti-saturation backstepping controller for hypersonic vehicles with input saturations and multiple disturbances. Firstly, in response to the problem of “exploding complexity” in backstepping controller, we adopted finite-time tracking differentiators (FTD), which realized higher tracking accuracy and tracking speed than those of the existing methods. Secondly, we developed multivariable neural network disturbance observers to estimate the lumped disturbances involving aerodynamic uncertainties and external disturbances, thereby improving the robustness of the proposed controller. Thirdly, in order to alleviate the input saturation and minimize the duration time, we used an adaptive fixed-time anti-saturation compensator (AFAC). The simulation results have proven that our proposed backstepping controller outperforms other existing methods in terms of control performance and saturation time.
Oral microbiome diversity and composition before and after chemotherapy treatment in pediatric oncology patients
Authors: Immonen Egle , Paulamäki Lauri , Piippo Hannaleena , Nikkilä Atte , Aine Liisa , Peltomäki Timo , Lohi Olli , Parikka Mataleena 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study explored how anticancer treatment affects the oral microbiome in pediatric patients and its link to oral mucositis (OM). It also examined the effects of different mouth rinses (Caphosol vs. saline solution).
Materials and Methods
Saliva samples were collected from patients before and after chemotherapy in a controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. The trial compared Caphosol and saline solution mouth rinses in patients aged 2 to 17.99 years. Bacterial DNA from saliva samples was analyzed using next-generation sequencing to evaluate 16S rRNA.
Results
We analyzed 110 saliva samples from pediatric cancer patients before and after treatment, focusing on those with and without OM. Significant differences were found in bacterial taxa, including the Bacteroidota phylum, which was more abundant in patients without lesions before treatment. Cancer treatment increased the abundance of the Proteobacteria phylum. Distinct microbiome profiles were associated with OM development, including increased pathogenic species like Rothia mucilaginosa and Fusobacterium periodonticum. Differences in microbiota composition were also found between patients using Caphosol and saline solution mouth rinses.
Conclusions
Changes in the oral microbiota before and after anticancer treatment are linked to OM development, offering potential for identifying high-risk patients and promoting protective bacteria.
Trial registration:
The current trial was registered at Clinical trials.gov (ID: NCT02807337, Date: 20-February-2020).