bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educator Readiness to Improve Gerontological Curricula in Health and Social Service Education
Authors: McCleary Lynn , Boscart Veronique , Donahue Peter , Harvey Kelsey 
Published: September 2017

RÉSUMÉCette étude visait à évaluer le contenu actuel de la formation en santé et services sociaux dans les programmes ontariens (au Canada) en gérontologie, et les indicateurs de réceptivité au changement chez les administrateurs et dans les facultés. Un sondage a été réalisé chez les professeurs universitaires (n = 100) et chez les doyens ou directeurs (n = 56) de 89 programmes de formation. Les résultats sont mitigés concernant la réceptivité au changement. La plupart des répondants considéraient que les programmes étaient adéquats, mais qu’ils avaient besoin d’être améliorés. Cependant, ils n’étaient pas au courant des publications concernant les compétences en gérontologie qui leur permettraient d’évaluer leurs programmes. Les croyances associées à la l’aptitude au changement étaient variables ; près de la moitié des participants ont indiqué que leurs programmes faisaient appel à un corps professoral possédant une expertise suffisante en gérontologie et gériatrie. Certains facteurs contextuels ont pu influencer la réceptivité au changement dans cette étude : manque d’expertise en gérontologie, besoins associés au soutien institutionnel et administratif, besoins additionnels liés aux ressources pédagogiques, attitudes envers le changement et reconnaissance de la nécessité de changer les programmes de formation. On note cependant une opportunité associée à la forte proportion de professeurs et d’administrateurs qui pensent que leurs programmes devraient être améliorés. L’allocation de ressources et du temps nécessaires au développement des capacités, ainsi qu’à l’évaluation et à la modification du curriculum permettraient de concrétiser cette opportunité.
Metabolite toxicity slows local diversity loss during expansion of a microbial cross-feeding community
Authors: Goldschmidt Felix , Regoes Roland R , Johnson David R 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Metabolic interactions between populations can influence patterns of spatial organization and diversity within microbial communities. Cross-feeding is one type of metabolic interaction that is pervasive within microbial communities, where one genotype consumes a resource into a metabolite while another genotype then consumes the metabolite. A typical feature of cross-feeding is that the metabolite may impose toxicity if it accumulates to sufficient concentrations. However, little is known about the effect of metabolite toxicity on spatial organization and local diversity within microbial communities. We addressed this knowledge gap by experimentally varying the toxicity of a single cross-fed metabolite and measuring the consequences on a synthetic microbial cross-feeding community. Our results demonstrate that metabolite toxicity slows demixing and thus slows local diversity loss of the metabolite-producing population. Using mathematical modeling, we show that this is because toxicity slows growth, which enables more cells to emigrate from the founding region and contribute towards population expansion. Our results show that metabolite toxicity is an important factor affecting local diversity within microbial communities and that spatial organization can be affected by non-intuitive mechanisms.
An engineered bispecific DNA-encoded IgG antibody protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a pneumonia challenge model
Authors: Patel Ami , DiGiandomenico Antonio , Keller Ashley E. , Smith Trevor R. F. , Park Daniel H. , Ramos Stephanie , Schultheis Katherine , Elliott Sarah T. C. , Mendoza Janess , Broderick Kate E. , Wise Megan C. , Yan Jian , Jiang Jingjing , Flingai Seleeke , Khan Amir S. , Muthumani Kar , Humeau Laurent , Cheng Lily I. , Wachter-Rosati Leslie , Stover C. Kendall , Sardesai Niranjan Y. , Weiner David B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe impact of broad-spectrum antibiotics on antimicrobial resistance and disruption of the beneficial microbiome compels the urgent investigation of bacteria-specific approaches such as antibody-based strategies. Among these, DNA-delivered monoclonal antibodies (DMAbs), produced by muscle cells in vivo, potentially allow the prevention or treatment of bacterial infections circumventing some of the hurdles of protein IgG delivery. Here, we optimize DNA-delivered monoclonal antibodies consisting of two potent human IgG clones, including a non-natural bispecific IgG1 candidate, targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The DNA-delivered monoclonal antibodies exhibit indistinguishable potency compared to bioprocessed IgG and protect against lethal pneumonia in mice. The DNA-delivered monoclonal antibodies decrease bacterial colonization of organs and exhibit enhanced adjunctive activity in combination with antibiotics. These studies support DNA-delivered monoclonal antibodies delivery as a potential strategy to augment the host immune response to prevent serious bacterial infections, and represent a significant advancement toward broader practical delivery of monoclonal antibody immunotherapeutics for additional infectious pathogens.
Simultaneous entanglement swapping of multiple orbital angular momentum states of light
Authors: Zhang Yingwen , Agnew Megan , Roger Thomas , Roux Filippus S. , Konrad Thomas , Faccio Daniele , Leach Jonathan , Forbes Andrew 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHigh-bit-rate long-distance quantum communication is a proposed technology for future communication networks and relies on high-dimensional quantum entanglement as a core resource. While it is known that spatial modes of light provide an avenue for high-dimensional entanglement, the ability to transport such quantum states robustly over long distances remains challenging. To overcome this, entanglement swapping may be used to generate remote quantum correlations between particles that have not interacted; this is the core ingredient of a quantum repeater, akin to repeaters in optical fibre networks. Here we demonstrate entanglement swapping of multiple orbital angular momentum states of light. Our approach does not distinguish between different anti-symmetric states, and thus entanglement swapping occurs for several thousand pairs of spatial light modes simultaneously. This work represents the first step towards a quantum network for high-dimensional entangled states and provides a test bed for fundamental tests of quantum science.
Multipurpose silicon photonics signal processor core
Authors: Pérez Daniel , Gasulla Ivana , Crudgington Lee , Thomson David J. , Khokhar Ali Z. , Li Ke , Cao Wei , Mashanovich Goran Z. , Capmany José 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIntegrated photonics changes the scaling laws of information and communication systems offering architectural choices that combine photonics with electronics to optimize performance, power, footprint, and cost. Application-specific photonic integrated circuits, where particular circuits/chips are designed to optimally perform particular functionalities, require a considerable number of design and fabrication iterations leading to long development times. A different approach inspired by electronic Field Programmable Gate Arrays is the programmable photonic processor, where a common hardware implemented by a two-dimensional photonic waveguide mesh realizes different functionalities through programming. Here, we report the demonstration of such reconfigurable waveguide mesh in silicon. We demonstrate over 20 different functionalities with a simple seven hexagonal cell structure, which can be applied to different fields including communications, chemical and biomedical sensing, signal processing, multiprocessor networks, and quantum information systems. Our work is an important step toward this paradigm.
Combined activation of MAP kinase pathway and β-catenin signaling cause deep penetrating nevi
Authors: Yeh Iwei , Lang Ursula E. , Durieux Emeline , Tee Meng Kian , Jorapur Aparna , Shain A. Hunter , Haddad Veronique , Pissaloux Daniel , Chen Xu , Cerroni Lorenzo , Judson Robert L. , LeBoit Philip E. , McCalmont Timothy H. , Bastian Boris C. , de la Fouchardière Arnaud 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDeep penetrating nevus (DPN) is characterized by enlarged, pigmented melanocytes that extend through the dermis. DPN can be difficult to distinguish from melanoma but rarely displays aggressive biological behavior. Here, we identify a combination of mutations of the β-catenin and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways as characteristic of DPN. Mutations of the β-catenin pathway change the phenotype of a common nevus with BRAF mutation into that of DPN, with increased pigmentation, cell volume and nuclear cyclin D1 levels. Our results suggest that constitutive β-catenin pathway activation promotes tumorigenesis by overriding dependencies on the microenvironment that constrain proliferation of common nevi. In melanoma that arose from DPN we find additional oncogenic alterations. We identify DPN as an intermediate stage in the step-wise progression from nevus to melanoma. In summary, we delineate specific genetic alterations and their sequential order, information that can assist in the diagnostic classification and grading of these distinctive neoplasms.
Oxygen evolution reaction dynamics monitored by an individual nanosheet-based electronic circuit
Authors: Wang Peiyao , Yan Mengyu , Meng Jiashen , Jiang Gengping , Qu Longbing , Pan Xuelei , Liu Jefferson Zhe , Mai Liqiang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction involves complex interplay among electrolyte, solid catalyst, and gas-phase and liquid-phase reactants and products. Monitoring catalysis interfaces between catalyst and electrolyte can provide valuable insights into catalytic ability. But it is a challenging task due to the additive solid supports in traditional measurement. Here we design a nanodevice platform and combine on-chip electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement, temporary I-V measurement of an individual nanosheet, and molecular dynamic calculations to provide a direct way for nanoscale catalytic diagnosis. By removing O2 in electrolyte, a dramatic decrease in Tafel slope of over 20% and early onset potential of 1.344 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode are achieved. Our studies reveal that O2 reduces hydroxyl ion density at catalyst interface, resulting in poor kinetics and negative catalytic performance. The obtained in-depth understanding could provide valuable clues for catalysis system design. Our method could also be useful to analyze other catalytic processes.
Phenotype-driven identification of modules in a hierarchical map of multifluid metabolic correlations
Authors: Do Kieu Trinh , Pietzner Maik , Rasp David JNP , Friedrich Nele , Nauck Matthias , Kocher Thomas , Suhre Karsten , Mook-Kanamori Dennis O. , Kastenmüller Gabi , Krumsiek Jan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe identification of phenotype-driven network modules in complex, multifluid metabolomics data poses a considerable challenge for statistical analysis and result interpretation. This is the case for phenotypes with only few associations ('sparse' effects), but, in particular, for phenotypes with a large number of metabolite associations ('dense' effects). Herein, we postulate that examining the data at different layers of resolution, from metabolites to pathways, will facilitate the interpretation of modules for both the sparse and the dense cases. We propose an approach for the phenotype-driven identification of modules on multifluid networks based on untargeted metabolomics data of plasma, urine, and saliva samples from the German Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND) study. We generated a hierarchical, multifluid map of metabolism covering both metabolite and pathway associations using Gaussian graphical models. First, this map facilitates a fundamental understanding of metabolism within and across fluids for our study, and can serve as a valuable and downloadable resource. Second, based on this map, we then present an algorithm to identify regulated modules that associate with factors such as gender and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) as examples of traits with dense and sparse associations, respectively. We found IGF-I to associate at the rather fine-grained metabolite level, while gender shows well-interpretable associations at pathway level. Our results confirm that a holistic and interpretable view of metabolic changes associated with a phenotype can only be obtained if different layers of metabolic resolution from multiple body fluids are considered.
Overexpression of annexin gene AnnSp2, enhances drought and salt tolerance through modulation of ABA synthesis and scavenging ROS in tomato
Authors: Ijaz Raina , Ejaz Javeria , Gao Shenghua , Liu Tengfei , Imtiaz Muhammad , Ye Zhibiao , Wang Taotao 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDrought and high salinity are two major abiotic stresses that significantly affect agricultural crop productivity worldwide. Annexins are a multigene family that plays an essential role in plant stress responses and various cellular processes. Here, the AnnSp2 gene was cloned from drought-resistant wild tomato (Solanum pennellii) and functionally characterized in cultivated tomato. AnnSp2 protein was localized in the nucleus and had higher expression in leave, flower and fruit. It was induced by several phytohormones and some abiotic stresses. Tomato plants overexpressing AnnSp2 had increased tolerance to drought and salt stress, as determined by analysis of various physiological parameters. AnnSp2-transgenic plants were less sensitive to ABA during the seed germination and seedling stages. However, under drought stress, the ABA content significantly increased in the AnnSp2-overexpressing plants, inducing stomatal closure and reducing water loss, which underlay the plants’ enhanced stress tolerance. Furthermore, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), higher total chlorophyll content, lower lipid peroxidation levels, increased peroxidase activities (including APX, CAT and SOD) and higher levels of proline were observed in AnnSp2-overexpressing plants. These results indicate that overexpression of AnnSp2 in transgenic tomato improves salt and drought tolerance through ABA synthesis and the elimination of ROS.
A brain-targeting lipidated peptide for neutralizing RNA-mediated toxicity in Polyglutamine Diseases
Authors: Zhang Qian , Yang Mengbi , Sørensen Kasper K. , Madsen Charlotte S. , Boesen Josephine T. , An Ying , Peng Shao Hong , Wei Yuming , Wang Qianwen , Jensen Knud J. , Zuo Zhong , Chan Ho Yin Edwin , Ngo Jacky Chi Ki 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPolyglutamine (PolyQ) diseases are progressive neurodegenerative disorders caused by both protein- and RNA-mediated toxicities. We previously showed that a peptidyl inhibitor, P3, which binds directly to expanded CAG RNA can inhibit RNA-induced nucleolar stress and suppress RNA-induced neurotoxicity. Here we report a N-acetylated and C-amidated derivative of P3, P3V8, that showed a more than 20-fold increase in its affinity for expanded CAG RNA. The P3V8 peptide also more potently alleviated expanded RNA-induced cytotoxicity in vitro, and suppressed polyQ neurodegeneration in Drosophila with no observed toxic effects. Further N-palmitoylation of P3V8 (L1P3V8) not only significantly improved its cellular uptake and stability, but also facilitated its systemic exposure and brain uptake in rats via intranasal administration. Our findings demonstrate that concomitant N-acetylation, C-amidation and palmitoylation of P3 significantly improve both its bioactivity and pharmacological profile. L1P3V8 possesses drug/lead-like properties that can be further developed into a lead inhibitor for the treatment of polyQ diseases.
Prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and status of HBV care among rural women who planned to conceive in China
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Zhou Hong , Zhang Long , Zhong Qiuyue , Wang Qiaomei , Shen Haiping , Zhang Man , Huang Yanjie , Wang Anqi , Nelson Kenrad , Zhang Yiping , Yan Donghai , Peng Zuoqi , Zhang Ya , Xin Xiaona , Zhang Hongguang , Zhao Jun , Wang Yan , Yang Ying , He Yuan , Xu Jihong , Liu Xiaoli , Wang Yan , Ma Xu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractGlobally, one third of prevalent chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection (HBV) occurred in China. Assessing the prevalence of CHB infesction and status of HBV-related services among pre-conception women will provide insight into risks of mother to child transmission (MTCT). A cross-sectional analysis of data from the National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkups (NFPC) program in 2010–2014 was conducted. A standardized questionnaire which collected demographic information and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) which tested serological HBV markers were applied. A total of 16,051,850 rural women aged 15–49 years were included. 5.2% of women were infected with CHB, among whom, 28.6% were also hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive. The most CHB concentrated places were distributed in southeastern coastal provinces. Women born after 1992 did not experience a higher level of vaccine-induced immunity compared to those born before 1992. Nine in ten rural women with CHB were not aware of their HBV status and a very small proportion of women (0.22%) had received antiviral treatment. Our data demonstrated an overall high-intermediate burden of CHB. Heterogeneity of geographic distribution, high proportion of HBeAg, insufficient awareness of HBV status, and low access to HBV treatment are challenges for preventing the MTCT.
Impacts of no-tillage management on nitrate loss from corn, soybean and wheat cultivation: A meta-analysis
Authors: Daryanto Stefani , Wang Lixin , Jacinthe Pierre-André 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAlthough no-till (NT) has been promoted as an alternative land management practice to conventional tillage (CT), its impact on water quality, especially nitrate (NO3−) loss remain controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare NO3− concentration and load in NT and CT systems via two major transport pathways: runoff and leaching. Rainfall variability, aridity, soil texture, tillage duration, crop species, and fertilizer type were used as co-varying factors. In comparison to CT, NT resulted in an overall increase of runoff NO3− concentration, but similar runoff NO3− load. In contrast, leachate NO3− load was greater under NT than under CT, although leachate NO3− concentration was similar under both tillage practices, indicating that the effect of NT on NO3− load was largely determined by changes in water flux. Some deviations from these overall trends, however, were recorded with different co-varying variables. In comparison to CT, NT, for example, generated lower leachate NO3− concentration and similar (instead of elevated) NO3− leachate load from soybean fields (no N fertilizer applied). These results suggest NT needs to be complemented with other practices (e.g., cover crops, reduced N rate, split N application) in order to improve soil N retention and water quality benefits.
Ethyl cellulose nanodispersions as stabilizers for oil in water Pickering emulsions
Authors: Wu Xia , Zhang Li , Zhang Xingzhong , Zhu Ya , Wu Yuehan , Li Yan , Li Bin , Liu Shilin , Zhao Jinping , Ma Zhaocheng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEthyl cellulose (EC) nanodispersions have been prepared through a facile procedure, a process involved the dissolution of EC into ethanol, followed by dipping it in Xanthan Gum ﻿(XG) solution (0.1%, used as anti-solvent), and then removed the ethanol. The influences of preparation conditions on the structure and properties of the EC nanodispersions were investigated. The prepared EC nanodispersion had a negative surface potential, which contributed to its stabilization. The particle size of the nanodispersions could be controlled by changing the concentration of EC. Furthermore, the EC nanodispersions had a potential application for the stabilization of oil/water Pickering emulsion. The obtained Pickering emulsions showed high stability.
Exploring genetic influences underlying acute aerobic exercise effects on motor learning
Authors: Mang Cameron S. , McEwen Lisa M. , MacIsaac Julia L. , Snow Nicholas J. , Campbell Kristin L. , Kobor Michael S. , Ross Colin J. D. , Boyd Lara A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe objective of the current work was to evaluate whether the effects of acute aerobic exercise on motor learning were dependent on genetic variants impacting brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF val66met polymorphism) and the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2/ANKK1 glu713lys polymorphism) in humans. A retrospective analysis was performed to determine whether these polymorphisms influence data from our two previous studies, which both demonstrated that a single bout of aerobic exercise prior to motor practice enhanced implicit motor learning. Here, our main finding was that the effect of acute aerobic exercise on motor learning was dependent on DRD2/ANKK1 genotype. Motor learning was enhanced when aerobic exercise was performed prior to skill practice in glu/glu homozygotes, but not lys allele carriers. In contrast, the BDNF val66met polymorphism did not impact the exercise effect. The results suggest that the dopamine D2 receptor may be involved in acute aerobic exercise effects on motor learning. Such genetic information could inform the development of individualized aerobic exercise strategies to promote motor learning.
Estimating Nonorganic Hearing Thresholds Using Binaural Auditory Stimuli
Authors: Norrix Linda W. , Rubiano Vivian , Muller Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
Minimum contralateral interference levels (MCILs) are used to estimate true hearing thresholds in individuals with unilateral nonorganic hearing loss. In this study, we determined MCILs and examined the correspondence of MCILs to true hearing thresholds to quantify the accuracy of this procedure.

Method
Sixteen adults with normal hearing participated. Subjects were asked to feign a unilateral hearing loss at 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kHz. MCILs were determined. Subjects also made lateralization judgments for simultaneously presented tones with varying interaural intensity differences.

Results
The 90% confidence intervals, calculated for the distributions, indicate that the MCIL in 90% of cases would be expected to be very close to threshold to approximately 17–19 dB poorer than the true hearing threshold. How close the MCIL is to true threshold appears to be based on the individual's response criterion.

Conclusions
Response bias influences the MCIL and how close an MCIL is to true hearing threshold. The clinician can never know a client's response bias and therefore should use a 90% confidence interval to predict the range for the expected true threshold. On the basis of this approach, a clinician may assume that true threshold is at or as much as 19 dB better than MCIL.