bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DIET TINGGI KALSIUM TERHADAP PENURUNAN BERAT BADAN PADA Rattus novergicus galur wistar
Authors: Widodo Widodo , Tanu K I Nengah , Waliyo Edy 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTÂ Calcium diet has an important role in energy metabolism regulation especially intracellular Ca2+Â which is the key tarrange the metabolism of adiposity fat and triasilgliserol save. When intracellular Ca2+Â increase it makes the stimulatioof gen lipogenic and lipogenesis also forcing of lipolysis and finally increasing the fat fitting and increasing adiposity. Thlow level of calcium absorbtion increases the production of calsitirol which could stimulate adiposity Ca2+Â influx and thconcequance is the increase of adiposity, so it needs high calcium diet to delay lipogenesis increase of lipolysis, lipioksidaxion, to reduce fat adiposity and weight. The research used Â pretest â€“ postest control group design. Trial animawere male rat of Rattus novergicus strain wistar. The research consisted of 2 phases. The first phase was increasing thrat weight by giving normal diet with calcium of 0,4% for all kinds of rats for 4 weeks. The second phase by giving calciumdiet with different doses that is Â group A as control group (0,4% Ca as normal diet), group B 0,8% Ca (Ca as normal diet +0,4% Ca as CaCO3), group C 1,2% Ca (Ca as normal diet + 0,8% Ca as CaCO3) and Â group D 1,6% Ca(Ca as normadiet + 1,2% Ca as CaCO3) for 4 weeks. To find out the difference of calcium diet it used statistical test Oneway Anova
INTERVENSI CYTOADHERENCE SEBAGAI PELUANG UNTUK PENCEGAHAN DAN TERAPI MALARIA BERAT
Authors: Simamora Dorta , Sumitro Sutiman B. , Fitri Loeki Enggar 
Published: January 2017

AbstractÂ Â In Â malarial Â infection, Â erythrocytes Â infected Â wih Â Plasmodium Â falciparum Â bind Â to Â endothelial Â vascular Â (endothelialÂ cytoadherence). This binding is implicated in the forming of sequestre and Â rosette that affects the vascular circulation,Â and thus injures Â the capillary wall. This mechanism is important in pathogenesis of malarial due to dysfunction of severalÂ organs. There are several receptors of Â cytoadherence in human e.g Thrombospondine (TSP), CD-36, ICAM-1, andÂ ELAM-1 as well as specific ligands of the parasite Â e.g Â Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein-1 (PfEMP-1), 220 kDa protein of Pf60, Pf332, sequestrin, Pfaldhesin and STEVOR. Â PfEMP-1 has been revealed as a molecule thatÂ is responsible for pathogenesis of severe malaria. This protein can pass parasitophorous vacoular membrane (PVM) ofÂ the parasite by attaching its molecule to carry Protein Export Elemen (PEXEL) and than go to the surface of erythrocytesÂ in combination with specific helper protein in maeurer cleft. Â The intervention on cytoadherence process through blockingÂ of specific ligand directly or blocking the translocation of this ligand to the surface of erythrocytes might be important inÂ regulating the outcome of malarial infection. Â Key words : Cytoadherence, severe malaria, intervention, adhesion molecule.
DISTRIBUSI MITOKONDRIA DAN EKSPRESI BAX PADA HUVECâ€™s YANG MENGALAMI APOPTOSIS AKIBAT INDUKSI OX-LDL
Authors: Riawan Wibi , Wibowati Samodrijanti 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTÂ It had been revealed that endothelial dysfunction which is caused by oxydized LDL is related to TNF Receptor ApoptosisÂ Including Ligand (TRAIL) mechanism. However, there is study to see the involvement of mitochondrial mecanism in Ox-LDL endothelial cells dysfunction. This study was done to see the effect of Ox-LDL treatment on apoptosis of HUVECâ€™sÂ culture Â whether Â associated Â with Â the Â distribution Â of Â mitochondria Â or Â BAX Â expression, Â the Â main Â protein Â mitochondriaÂ apoptosis mechanism. HUVECâ€™s culture was divided into two groups: control group and treatment group ( 50 mg/ml Ox-LDL for 24 hours). Doublestaining for DNA fragmented (TUNEL) and BAX expression were done respectively, as well asÂ immunochemistry Â using Â monoclonal Â Ab Â of Â mitochondria. Â In Â the Â control Â group Â mitochondria Â was Â distributed Â firmly Â onÂ cytoplasma of endothelial cells. In contrast, mitochondria were only found near nuclear membrane cells on treatmentÂ group Â (this Â future Â usually Â found Â on Â divided Â cells) there Â was Â also Â an Â increasing Â of Â BAX Â expression Â and Â a Â mount Â ofÂ apoptotic cells on treatment group compared with control group. It can be concluded that mitochondria is involved inÂ apoptosis of Ox-LDL endothelial cells in order to serve the abundant energy.Â Keywords: Mitochondria distribution, Bax expresson, Apoptotic, Ox-LDL
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DIET TINGGI KARBOHIDRAT DIBANDINGKAN DIET TINGGI LEMAK TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA DAN HDL DARAH PADA Rattus novergicus galur wistar
Authors: Tsalissavrina Iva , Wahono Djoko , Handayani Dian 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTÂ The improving social welfare and food availability has created a shift of consumption pattern that leads to high-fat foodsand low-complex carbohydrate, especially the fibrous foods. Â As we know,carbohydrate has been considered as the safecomponent of foods, therefore, it is recommended to be consumed more. Recently, more experts have started to thinkabout the role of carbohydrate and the emergence of atherosclerosis. The Purpose of the research was to know the riskof high carbohydrate diet application compared to high fat blood triglyceride diet content and high Density Lipoprotein.Complete random design and Post Test Only Control Group was used in this research. Statistic test one way Anova wasused to know the difference resulted from diet aplication, and the situation of the difference continued Â by Tukey Â Test.The Value of Triglyceride is measured by using Calorimetric Enzymatic test â€“ Glycerol 3 Phosphate â€“oxidase methodsand the value of HDL is measured by using Cholesterol Hydrolise â€“ oxidase methods. Â The result showed that the highestvalue of triglyceride were on the high fat diet group ( 169 mg/dl), followed by high carbohydrate diet ( 130,2 mg/dl) and thelowest was normal diet (81,2 mg/dl). The lowest value of HDL were on the normal diet group (32,7 mg/dl), followed byhigh fat diet (34,2 mg/dl) and the highest was high carbohydrate diet (38,4 mg/dl). The result of the statistical test over the
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI ORANGTUA UNTUK MENCAPAI KESEMBUHAN ANAK DENGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PENANGANAN ANAK PENYANDANG AUTISME DAN SPEKTRUMNYA
Authors: Asmika Asmika , Andarini Sri , Rahayu Ririn Puji 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTÂ The incidence of children with autisme spectrum Â disorder has rapidly increased, starting fom 1:1500 in 1987 to1:100 inÂ year 2001. The parentâ€™s motivation for actively being involved in treatment programs, such as consultation with the expertÂ and Â improvement Â of Â their knowledge Â will increase Â the Â treatment Â success Â up Â to Â 80%. Â Therefore Â it Â is Â of Â paramountÂ importance to identify the parentâ€™s motivation and Â knowledge about Autisme treatment as a baseline for improvingÂ parentâ€™s active involvement. A cross sectional research design was carried out using twenty parents (mother/father orÂ both) as responden is in Autisme treatment center: A-Plusâ€™ Dharma Wanita PUNM Malang District Â from15 April - 31 MayÂ 2003. The parents motivation and knowledge level was measured using close ended questionnaire. In general, autisme isÂ mostly identified in male child (55%), first child (45%)and diagnosed by children specialist or psychiatrist (75%) at the Â ageÂ of 0-2 year (75%). Most of the parents (85%) have a high motivation in gaining children healing but 60% parents have lowÂ knowledge level about Autisme treatment with mass media as the main information source (85%). There is no significantÂ relationship (p > 0,05)between Â parentâ€™s motivation and knowledge level. Â Â Key Words: motivasi, pengetahuan orang tua, Autisme dan spektrumnya
PERUBAHAN RESPONS RESEPTOR ADRENERGIK-Î²DAN MUSKARINIK DI OTOT POLOS SALURAN NAFAS TIKUS WISTAR PADA PROSES PENUAAN
Authors: Karyono Setyawati Soeharto 
Published: January 2017

Aging process is a unique and complex process whichcould not be prevented. Many physiologic changes could be seenÂ for adaptation during aging process. These changes influence pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic of drug and causeÂ alteration of drug effect. Pharmacodynamic changes are caused by alteration of drug receptor.The objective of this studyÂ was to evaluate the influence of aging on Î²-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors function in rat airway smooth muscle.Â Isolated tracheal ring preparation and lung strip were used to examine relaxation response to isoprenaline (Î²-adrenergicÂ agonist) and contraction response to metacholine (muscarinic agonist). Tracheal ring preparations and lung strip wereÂ taken from young (4-5 weeks), adult (4-6 months) and old (24-26 months) wistar rats.
JENIS BAKTERI DAN SENSITIVITAS ANTIBIOTIK PADA KASUS INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL AKIBAT PEMASANGAN KATETER DI RSSA MALANGDALAM PERIODE NOVEMBER 2000 - MARET 2001
Authors: Djunaedi Djoni 
Published: January 2017

The incidence of Nosocomial Infection (NI) includinginfection of the urinary tract attributable to catheter insertionÂ aggravates the existing conditions. Local symptoms Â and septis that occured could prolong hopitalization, and evenÂ caused death. So far, prevention of NI has been undertaken only through the adherence to the standard Â procedure. TheÂ important problem that arises is whether the prevention of NI should rely only on the adherence of thestandardÂ procedure. In order to find the solution, an appropriate investigation is called for. The materials utilized were (a) urineÂ collected from obstetric-gynaecological patients that required catheter insertion â€“ urine sample was taken usingÂ antiseptical procedures before and after catheter insertion within the period of 2x24 hours, (b) the end section of catheterÂ canule when the the catheter was taken off. The materials were cultured in blood plates. Bacterial counts were performedÂ on the data with respect to bacterial types and their sensitivity to antibiotics of the families of Cephalosporin (Cefotaxim),Â Aminoglycoside (Amikacin), Quinolone (Ciprofoxacine), Penicilline (Amoxicilline, Ampicilline), cotrimoxazole andÂ Nitrofurantoin.
EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH DELIMA (PUNICA GRANATUM) TERHADAP SHIGELLA DYSENTRIAESECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Prihantoro Teguh , Indra Rasjad , Sumarno Sumarno 
Published: January 2017

Shigella dysentriae is the most common organisms which causes bacillary dysentery in developing countries with highÂ mortality. Pomegranates (Punica granatum) have beenused since a long time ago in folk medicine for several purposes.Â The antibacterial activity was linked to the presence of major phytocompounds like flavonoids, triterpenes, phenols, andÂ ellagitannin. The aim of this experimental study wasto evaluate the antibacterial effect of Pomegranateâ€™s (PunicaÂ Granatum) rind extract against Shigella dysentriae Â and to determine the relationship between concentrations ofÂ Pomegranateâ€™s rind extract with the growth of Shigella dysentriae in vitro. Antimicrobial effect was determined by tubeÂ dilution method. This consists of determination of Â Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs), and Minimum BactericidalÂ Concentrations (MBCs). The concentrations of Pomegranateâ€™s (Punica Granatum) rind extract were 0.8%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.4%,Â 1.6%, and 1.8%. At low extract concentration (0.8%)bacterial growth was delayed, while at higher extract concentrationÂ (1.8%) bacterial growth was elimanated (ANOVA, p = Â 0.000, Regression R = -0.901)
EKSPRESI CYTOSOLIC ASPARTATE-SPECIFIC CYSTEINE PROTEASE-3 (CASPASE-3) PADA JARINGAN HATI RATTUS NORVEGICUS (WISTAR) SETELAH PEMBERIAN SUBKRONIK AFLATOKSIN B1 (AFB1)
Authors: Maritha Indah Dina , Supranowo Supranowo , Lyrawati Diana 
Published: January 2017

Aflatoksin B1(AFB1) is one of the toxic agents produced by Aspergillus flavus that frequently contaminates foods notÂ properly stored. AFB1 undergoes biotransformation which may result in the production of reactive oxygenspecies (ROS)Â hazardous to liver cells. Following a cascade of oxidative reaction, ROS will cause the mitochondria toreleaseÂ cytochrome c which subsequently activates caspase-3, leading to apoptosis. In this present study we evaluated the effectÂ of aflatoxin B1 on the expression of caspase-3 in the liver. AFB1 was administered per oral, at different dosage andÂ length of exposure, subchronically. This study was carried out as a factorial designed experiment with Â two factors. TheÂ first was dosage factor i.e 0, 10, 15 and 20 Âµg (0; 0,05; 0,075; 0,1 Âµg/g BW) and the second was exposure time factor i.e.Â 12, 16 and 20 weeks. Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar aged approximately eight weeks old and weighed 180-200 g wereÂ used as the experimental animals. The expression of Â caspase-3 was examined by using immunohistochemistry. TheÂ results showed that the expression of caspase-3 increased significantly (p = 0,000) with the escalation of AFB1 in dosageÂ and/or exposure time (p = 0,001). In the interaction between dose and exposure time of AFB1an increase in theÂ expression of caspase-3 was also observed (p = 0,000). Interestingly, these studies also revealed thatin the liver tissuesÂ there was a limitation in the expression of caspase-3, where the raising of further AFB1 dosage and length of exposureÂ were not followed by further increase of the caspase-3.
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT (Palm Oil) DAN MINYAK KELAPA MURNI (Virgin Coconut Oil) TERHADAP PERBAIKAN PROFIL LEMAK (KOLESTEROL) PADA TIKUS DENGAN DIET ATEROGENIK
Authors: Kusumastuty Inggita , Andarini Sri , Anom Aswin Anak Agung Gede 
Published: January 2017

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is a kind of coconut oil that most of its contained is Medium Chain Fatty Acids (MCFA) andÂ previous stdy showed that MCFA has an ability to prevent vascular desease. This experiment was done to Â prove theÂ ability of virgin coconut oil to reduce cholesteroltotal of rats with atherogenic diet compared with palm oil. This experimentÂ was designed as true pre test post test experiment with control groups. The number of samples were 24 male wistar ratsÂ and they were separated into 4 treatment groups in Â which each of them has 2 diet sections. The First section was doneÂ within 8 weeks, group A got normal diet, group B, Cand D got atherogenic diet with lard, after this section finished all ofÂ the groups got cholesterol pre test level. The next 4 weeks, in the second section treatment diet, group A got normal diet,Â group B got atherogenic diet with lard, group C gotatherogenic diet with palm oil and group D got atherogenic diet withÂ virgin coconut oil, after the second section was over rat cholesterol levels were measured by enzymatic photometric testÂ base on â€œCHO-PAPâ€. The results from One Way Anova which was continued to Tukey test showed that group B,C and DÂ were homogenous, but they were different significantly againts group A on pre test with p(0.001) < 0.05.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI DOSIS CITRININ TERHADAP KERUSAKAN STRUKTUR HEPATOSIT MENCIT (Mus musculus) PADA TIGA ZONA LOBULUS HEPAR
Authors: Hastuti Utami Sri 
Published: January 2017

Citrinin is a sort of mycotoxin which caused mycotoxicosis. Citrinin is produced by Penicillium citrinum mold that canÂ contaminate sort of food especially damaged beans. Â Citrinin is known as nephrotoxic as well as hepatotoxic mycotoxinÂ and caused hepatocite structure damage. This research was done: 1) to know the effect of citrinin to hepatocite structureÂ damage; 2) to know the effect of citrinin dose difference to the value of the hepatocyte structure damage; 3) to know theÂ effect of citrinin to the value of hepatocyte structure damage on three zones of hepar lobulus. The samples of thisÂ research were male mice (Mus musculus) var. BALB-C Â at the age of three months. The experiment group of Â mice wasÂ orally administered with citrinin in three doses, i.e: dose-1: 1 mg/kg BW; dose-2: 1,75 mg/kg BW; dose-3: 2,5 mg/kg BW.Â Hepatocyte structure damage is observed on centrilobular zone, midzone, and perifer zone. The hepatocyte structureÂ damage examination is done by histopathologycal andultra structural examination by electron microscope.
PREDIKTOR ASMA PADA USIA 7 TAHUN SETELAH MENDERITA BRONKIOLITIS AKUT KARENA RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS: SUATU STUDI PROSPEKTIF
Authors: Kusuma HMS. Chandra 
Published: January 2017

Infants are at increased risk of developing asthma Â after RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) acute bronchiolitis. TheÂ hypothesis that cytokine production is related to the development of asthma after RSV bronchiolitis. The diagnosis of RSVÂ bronchiolitis was verified using the Abbott test pack RSV, a rapid enzyme immuno assay for direct detection of viralÂ antigen in nasopharyngeal secretion. Changes in FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second) were determined usingÂ spirometri, IL-4 and IFN-Î³levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) method. In thisÂ study, 62 children hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis were followed prospectively, 55 (88.7%) childrencompleted the studyÂ and 41 children (74.5%) had asthma at 7 years of age. RSV bronchiolitis children were more frequent among boys (boyÂ /girl ratio: 2). Episodes of wheezing more than 8 had specifity and sensitivity of 100% respectivelly,might be the veryÂ useful predictor for asthma. The cut off level over 40.84 pg/ml for IL-4, below 14.12 pg/ml for IFN-Î³, IL-4 / IFN-Î³ratio overÂ 3 and episodes of wheezing over 8 may be used to predict asthma after RCV bronchiolitis.
PENGARUH PAPARAN SINAR MATAHARI PAGI TERHADAP PENURUNAN TANDA IKTERUS PADA IKTERUS NEONATORUM FISIOLOGIS
Authors: Puspitosari Ratih Dewi , Sumarno Sumarno , Susatia Budi 
Published: January 2017

Physiological jaundice is a sign usually happens tonewborn infants. The cause of icterus is the increase of indirectÂ bilirubin that makes the skin yellow that usually disturb the people. Treatment of this yellow baby is Â by exposing them toÂ the morning sun. Sun exposure can reduce jaundice skin by changing the bilirubin indirect molecule. This research aimÂ was to know the effect of morning sun exposure thatcan decrease jaundice skin through jaundice skin levelÂ measurement on babies. The special goal of the research was to know the jaundice skin and the difference before andÂ after expos to the sun. The research was a quasi experimental study. The samples consisted of 5 babies, Â selected byÂ quota sampling. The measured variables were morning sun exposure and jaundice skin level. The research was done byÂ exposing the samples on the morning sun for 30 minutes, then the jaundice skin measured in minutes 0, Â 5th, 10th, 15th,Â 20th, 25th, and 30thby using Corel Photo-Paint 12 Program. Data analysis was done with ANOVA and was continued byÂ correlation-regression test, with confidence interval 99%.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PbB ASETAT DOSIS TINGGI TERHADAP KETEBALAN MIELIN N. ISCHIADICUSTIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)
Authors: Elfiah Ulfa 
Published: January 2017

Lead is commonly used in batteries, electrical cabel, and pipe manufacture. Despite its usefulness, lead has someÂ sentrimental effects such as intoxication by chronic lead exposure results in peripheral neuropathy. This research was toÂ determine the effect of oral administration of leadacetate to the thickness of mielin n.ischiadicus. Â The post test onlyÂ control group design was used assigning.Thirty male Â rats into five groups of treatment. Aquadest was administered toÂ group I. Lead acetate with doses of rats were sacrificed: 65, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kgbw/day were administered to groupÂ II, III, IV, and V. Lead acetate were given daily for 10 weeks and then to make histological preparations from n.ischiadicusÂ using osmic acid as fixative and toloidin blue as staining agents.The results research showed that oraladministration ofÂ lead acetate affected the thickness of mielin with higher does resulted in thinner mielin.Â Keywords:thickness of mielin, lead acetate, oral
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MINYAK BUAH MERAH (Pandanus conoideus) TERHADAP STRES OKSIDATIF SEL ENDOTEL YANG DIPAPAR DENGAN SERUM PENDERITA MALARIA FALCIPARUM DAN NETROFIL INDIVIDU SEHAT
Authors: Armiyanti Yunita , Fitri Loeki Enggar , Widjajanto Edi 
Published: January 2017

Complication in Plasmodium falciparum malaria is associated with endothelial damage and overproductionof free radicalsÂ (oxidative stress) by activated neutrophils and endothelial cells. Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus) oil Â has a very highÂ antioxidant content, therefore it may neutralize free radicals and prevent endothelial damage. The aim of this research isÂ to prove that red fruit (Pandanus conoideus) oil reduce Reactive Oxygen Intermediate (ROI) production Â of endothelialÂ cells exposed to severe malaria patient serum and neutrophils from healthy donor. Endothelial cells from human umbilicalÂ veins were coincubated with serum from severe malaria patient and with neutrophils from healthy donor Â (positive controlÂ group). HUVECâ€™s normal was used as negative control, Â where as Â the experimental groups were given with red fruit oil inÂ different concentrations (2.8%, 5.7% dan 11.3% ). The Reactive Oxygen Intermediate (ROI) production of Â endothelialÂ cells was semiquantitatively measured by using NBT-reduction assay and the score of ROI was counted. The resultsÂ were statistically analyzed with ANNOVA (p<0.01). The rate of ROI production of endothelial cells was markedlyÂ increased after incubation with patient serum and neutrophils.
THEAFLAVIN MENGHAMBAT DIFERENSIASI PREADIPOSIT VISERAL MANUSIA MELALUI PPARÎ³ Î³Î³ Î³SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Indra Rasjad 
Published: January 2017

Differentiation of pre-adipocytes into adipocytes, is a complex process that involves coordination of Â expression of specificÂ genes and proteins associated with each stage of differentiation. This process is regulated by several signaling pathways.Â CCAAT element-binding proteins (C/EBP) Â Î±and Â Î²and sterol response element-binding protein 1 (ADD1/SREBP1) areÂ active during the early stages of the differentiation process and induce the expression and/or activity of the peroxisomeÂ proliferator-activated receptor Â Î³(PPARÎ³), a pivotal coordinator of adipocyte differentiation. Recently, many biologicalÂ effects of black tea have been reported and these effects may be partially related to its antioxidant Â properties. The recentÂ study showed that black tea flavonoids inhibited adipocyte differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the roleÂ of theaflavin, a flavonoids in black tea, in inhibiting adipocyte differentiation through inhibition of PPARÎ³expression.Â Preadipocytes were incubated in media containing standard-differentiated stimulator: Insulin, dexamethasone, IBMX andÂ FBS. After 24 hours, preadipocytes culture media wasadded with theaflavin 50, 100, or 200 Â ÂµM. The cells wereÂ harvested after TF incubation for 24 hours and then the expression of PPARÎ³was identified by immunocytochemistry andÂ Western blot.