bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of traditionality/modernity on identification‐ and calculus‐based trust
Authors: Zhao Na , Shi Yuanyuan , Xin Ziqiang , Zhang Jianxin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe conducted three studies to explore how trust is perceived, displayed or changed by participants in China, which as a country has undergone substantial cultural and historical transition. Traditionality showed a significant positive correlation with identification‐based trust (IBT) and modernity was significantly associated with calculus‐based trust (CBT; Study 1). Compared to those primed with modern Chinese culture stimuli, participants primed with traditional icons exhibited a higher level of IBT and a lower level of CBT (Study 2). The study further demonstrated more trust behaviour based on identification with traditional culture priming and more trust behaviour based on calculus when primed with modern culture (Study 3). In sum, the present findings suggest that, along with substantial social changes and economic development, people exhibit their trust differently depending on cultural context, shedding light on the trust crisis in contemporary China.
Characterization of PVA/glutaraldehyde hydrogels obtained using Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD)
Authors: Morandim‐Giannetti Andreia de Araújo , Rubio Samantha Regina , Nogueira Regina Freitas , Ortega Fernando dos Santos , Magalhães Junior Octaviano , Schor Paulo , Bersanetti Patrícia Alessandra 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHydrogels are made from natural or synthetic polymers and, currently, they have many biomedical applications. In this work, the conditions for obtaining a hydrogel with similar physicochemical characteristics to the vitreous humor were defined using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glutaraldehyde (GLUT) as cross‐linker. The concentration of PVA and GLUT were modified, and their effect was analyzed in terms of the refractive index, density, and dynamic viscosity. The hydrogel which was obtained using 3.98% (w/V) of PVA, 3.13 mL (1.57 g) of GLUT in 100 mL, and the initial pH of 7.2 showed similar characteristics to the vitreous humor (density = 1.0174 ± 0.0050 g mL−1, dynamic viscosity = 3.7425 ± 0.1800 mPa s and refractive index = 1.3410 ± 0.0010). The hydrogels were further investigated by rheological measurements, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction and determination of swelling degree. The reticulation with GLUT promoted an increase in viscosity and glass transition temperature. On the other hand, it stimulated a decrease in the swelling degree, crystallinity, melting temperature, and intensity of the band related to the ‐OH bond, compared with the PVA without reticulation. The reticulated hydrogel displayed Newtonian behavior and a higher apparent viscosity than the PVA. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1558–1566, 2018.
Protective effect of proanthocyanidins against doxorubicin‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: El‐Sayed El‐Sayed M. , Mansour Ahmed M. , El‐Sawy Waleed S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX) exerts toxic effects in several organs particularly kidney. The present study aimed to assess the protective effect of proanthocyanidins (PAs) against DOX‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats. A single dose of DOX (7.5 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly increased kidney weight, kidney/body weight ratio, serum urea, creatinine, tumor necrosis factor alpha levels, and kidney contents of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase‐2, and caspase‐3 activity with significant reduction in final body weight, serum albumin, kidney contents of reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase activity as compared with control group. In contrast, pretreatment with PAs (200 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days before DOX and for 7 days after DOX ameliorated kidney function and oxidative stress parameters. Histopathological evidence confirmed the protective effects of PAs from the tissue damage induced by DOX. In conclusion, PAs have a multi‐nephroprotective effect that might be attributed to its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptoic activities.
MNE microfoundations and routines for building a legitimate and sustainable position in emerging markets
Authors: Elg Ulf , Ghauri Pervez N. , Child John , Collinson Simon 
Published: July 2017

SummaryA number of studies have analysed how multinational enterprises (MNEs) develop appropriate strategies for managing the institutionally different contexts of various markets. However, we still know rather little about how MNEs manage different institutional pressures when they operate in emerging markets. These markets have a higher level of uncertainty as their values and structures undergo change. This paper investigates the microfoundations and routines that can be part of developing a firm's capability to achieve a legitimate and environmentally sustainable position in emerging markets. We focus upon the microfoundations and routines for managing regulative, normative, and cultural–cognitive pressures. The paper utilizes an extensive qualitative case study approach. It reports a study at corporate and subsidiary levels of 3 Swedish MNEs in the in 4 markets: Brazil, Russia, India and China. The study identifies a set of routines for managing each of the 3 institutional forces and supporting microfoundations at individual, interactive, and structural levels. We are thus able to offer new insights on how the institutional context interacts with MNE strategies and identify more generic routines and microfoundations behind the capability for developing a sustainable market position.
Use of observed temperature statistics in rankingCMIP5model performance over the Western Himalayan Region of India
Authors: Das Lalu , Dutta Monami , Mezghani Abdelkader , Benestad Rasmus E. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTAssessing warming over the Western Himalayan Region (WHR) of India is challenging due to its limited station data availability and poor data quality. The missing values in the station data were replaced using the Multiple Imputation Chained Equation technique. Finally, 16 stations having continuous records during 1969–2009 were considered as the ‘reference stations’ for assessing the warming/cooling trends in addition to evaluate the Coupled Model Intercomparison, phase 5 (CMIP5), Global Circulation Model (GCM). Station data indicates winter (DJF) warming is higher and rapid (1.41 °C) than the other seasons and less warming was observed in the post‐monsoon (0.31 °C) season. Overall mean annual warming overWHRis ∼0.84 °C during 1969–2009. The performance of 34CMIP5models was evaluated based on three different criteria namely (1) mean seasonal cycle, (2) temporal trends and (3) spatial correlation between simulated and observed signals for common available period of 1969–2003 over the study area. Models are provided a final rank on the basis of the cumulative rank obtained in each of three approaches.CMCC‐CM,GISS‐E2‐HandMIROC 5are three top‐ranked models whileMIROC‐ESM,MIROC‐ESM‐CHEMand bcc‐csm1‐1 are three bottom‐ranked models over theWHR. The study also extended to judge whether the selected top‐ranked models perform well through two alternative data sources namely European Reanalysis (ERA)‐interim and Climate Research Unit (CRU), which have not used in the process of model evaluation. The spatial patterns of top‐rankedGCMare similar to the spatial pattern obtained throughERA‐interim andCRUwhile zoomed in toWHRbut bottom‐ranked models fail to reproduce such spatial patterns indicating the top‐rankedGCMswould offer more reliability for projecting future climate overWHR.
In vitro methane and gas production with inocula from cows and goats fed an identical diet
Authors: Mengistu Genet , Hendriks Wouter H , Pellikaan Wilbert F 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDFermentative capacity among ruminants can differ depending on the type of ruminant species and the substrate fermented. The aim was to compare in vitro cow and goat rumen inocula in terms of methane (CH4) and gas production (GP), fermentation kinetics and 72 h volatile fatty acids (VFA) production using the browse species Acacia etbaica, Capparis tomentosa, Dichrostachys cinerea, Rhus natalensis, freeze‐dried maize silage and grass silage, and a concentrate as substrates.RESULTSTotal GP, CH4 and VFA were higher (P ≤ 0.008) in goat inoculum than cows across substrates. The half‐time for asymptotic GP was lower (P < 0.0001) in phase 1 and higher (P < 0.012) in phase 2, and the maximum rate of GP was higher (P < 0.0001) in phase 1 and phase 3 (P < 0.0001) in goats compared to cows. Methane production and as a percentage of total GP was higher (P < 0.0001) and the half‐time tended (P = 0.059) to be at a later time for goats compared to cows.CONCLUSIONGoat inoculum showed higher fermentative activity with a concomitant higher CH4 production compared to cows. This difference highlights the ability of goats to better utilise browse species and other roughage types. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Sequential extraction of flavonoids and pectin from yellow passion fruit rind using pressurized solvent or ultrasound
Authors: de Souza Caroline G , Rodrigues Tigressa HS , e Silva Lorena MA , Ribeiro Paulo RV , de Brito Edy S 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDPassion fruit rind (PFR) represents 90% of the total fruit weight and is wasted during juice processing. Passion fruit rind is known to contain flavonoids and pectin. An alternative use for this fruit juice industrial residue is to obtain these compounds. This study aimed to verify the influence of pressurized solvent extraction (PSE) or ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) of flavonoid and pectin in a sequential process.RESULTSThe PSE using ethanol at 60:40 (v/v) yielded a total polyphenol content of 4.67 g GAE kg−1 PFR, orientin‐7‐O‐glucoside (1.57 g kg−1 PFR) and luteolin‐6‐C‐glucoside (2.44 g kg−1 PFR). Pectin yield was 165 g kg−1 PFR, either in PSE or UAE. Pectin characterization indicates that the pectic structure has basically homogalacturonans and galacturonate followed by a galacturonic acid ester unit, with methylation degree of 70%.CONCLUSIONWith this study it can be concluded that mixtures of alcohols with water favor the extraction of bioactive compounds of passion fruit peel. Both PSE and UAE were effective in sequentially extracting flavonoids and pectin. The preferred solvent is ethanol due to its lower toxicity. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Regulation of fluid flow through the mammary gland of dairy cows and its effect on milk production: a systematic review
Authors: Cai Jie , Wang Diming , Liu Jianxin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDairy milk consists of more than 85% water. Therefore, understanding the regulation of fluid absorption in the mammary gland is relevant to improving milk production. In recent decades, studies using different approaches, including blood flow, transmembrane fluid flow, tight junction, fluid flow of the paracellular pathway and functional mammary epithelial cell state, have been conducted aiming to investigate how mammary gland fluid absorption is regulated. However, the relationship between regulation mechanisms of fluid flow and milk production has not been studied systematically. The present review summarizes a series of key milk yield regulatory factors mediated by whole‐mammary fluid flow, including milk, mammary blood flow, blood/tissue fluid–cell fluid flow and cell–alveolus fluid flow. Whole‐mammary fluid flow regulates milk production by altering transporter activity, ion channels, local microcirculation‐related factors, driving force of fluid transport (osmotic pressure or electrochemical gradient), cellular connection state and a cell volume sensitive mechanism. In addition, whole‐mammary fluid flow plays important roles in milk synthesis and secretion. Knowledge gained from fluid flow‐mediated regulatory mechanisms of the dairy mammary gland will lead to a fundamental understanding of lactation biology and will be beneficial for the improvement of dairy productivity. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
How are arbuscular mycorrhizal associations related to maize growth performance during short‐term cover crop rotation?
Authors: Higo Masao , Takahashi Yuichi , Gunji Kento , Isobe Katsunori 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDBetter cover crop management options aiming to maximize the benefits of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to subsequent crops are largely unknown. We investigated the impact of cover crop management methods on maize growth performance and assemblages of AMF colonizing maize roots in a field trial. The cover crop treatments comprised Italian ryegrass, wheat, brown mustard and fallow in rotation with maize.RESULTSThe diversity of AMF communities among cover crops used for maize management was significantly influenced by the cover crop and time course. Cover crops did not affect grain yield and aboveground biomass of subsequent maize but affected early growth. A structural equation model indicated that the root colonization, AMF diversity and maize phosphorus uptake had direct strong positive effects on yield performance.CONCLUSIONAMF variables and maize performance were related directly or indirectly to maize grain yield, whereas root colonization had a positive effect on maize performance. AMF may be an essential factor that determines the success of cover crop rotational systems. Encouraging AMF associations can potentially benefit cover cropping systems. Therefore, it is imperative to consider AMF associations and crop phenology when making management decisions. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
On generically non‐reduced components of Hilbert schemes of smooth curves
Authors: Dan Ananyo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA classical example of Mumford gives a generically non‐reduced component of the Hilbert scheme of smooth curves in such that a general element of the component is contained in a smooth cubic surface in . In this article we use techniques from Hodge theory to give further examples of such (generically non‐reduced) components of Hilbert schemes of smooth curves without any restriction on the degree of the surface containing it. As a byproduct we also obtain generically non‐reduced components of certain Hodge loci.
The Cesàro operator in weighted ℓ1 spaces
Authors: Albanese Angela A. , Bonet José , Ricker Werner J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractUnlike for , , the discrete Cesàro operator does not map ℓ1 into itself. We identify precisely those weights w such that does map continuously into itself. For these weights a complete description of the eigenvalues and the spectrum of are presented. It is also possible to identify all w such that is a compact operator in . The final section investigates the mean ergodic properties of in . Many examples are presented in order to supplement the results and to illustrate the phenomena that occur.
Tensor products of regularly varying sequences
Authors: Pietsch Albrecht 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe investigate how asymptotic properties of real sequences and are passed on to their tensor product . The main result concerns sequences of the form
urn:x-wiley:0025584X:media:mana201700083:mana201700083-math-0004This problem is closely related to tensor stability of operator ideals on the Hilbert space.
A Four‐Armed Unsymmetrical Cryptand: From Two Different Host–Guest Interactions to Responsive Supramolecular Polymer
Authors: Yao Chenhao , Zhang Jing , Cheng Ming , Sun Qiang , Pan Yi , Jiang Juli , Wang Leyong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBy linking BMP32C10 and DB24C8 motifs together, a four‐armed cryptand 1 is synthesized successfully, in which BMP32C10 motif can bind paraquat 2 while DB24C8 motif can complex dibenzylammonium salt 3 in spite of the electrostatic repulsion between guests 2 and 3. The base/acid‐responsive supramolecular polymer is constructed further via two kinds of host–guest interactions between cryptand 1 and two homoditopic paraquat 4 and dibenzylammonium salt 5 similar to guests 2 and 3.
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Recent advances in uveal melanoma treatment
Authors: Álvarez‐Rodríguez Beatriz , Latorre Alfonso , Posch Christian , Somoza Álvaro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractUveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. Recent advances in the understanding of molecular characteristics helped to determine which tumors are most likely to progress. About 50% of patients carrying genetic alterations such as chromosomal aberrations and mutations are at significant risk for metastatic disease of which the majority will succumb to UM within few months. Currently, there is no effective treatment for metastatic uveal melanoma, and we hope this review will encourage researchers and clinicians to work to find a better standard of care. In this article we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular framework of UM, highlighting the most common mutations involved in this kind of cancer. It also covers the most recent treatments from basic research to clinical trials, including small molecules, nucleic acids or immunotherapy, among others. It is intended to serve as a key reference for clinicians and researchers working in this field.
Fast digestive, leucine‐rich, soluble milk proteins improve muscle protein anabolism, and mitochondrial function in undernourished old rats
Authors: Salles Jérôme , Chanet Audrey , Berry Alexandre , Giraudet Christophe , Patrac Véronique , Domingues‐Faria Carla , Rocher Christophe , Guillet Christelle , Denis Philippe , Pouyet Corinne , Bonhomme Cécile , Le Ruyet Pascale , Rolland Yves , Boirie Yves , Walrand Stéphane 
Published: July 2017

ScopeOne strategy to manage malnutrition in older patients is to increase protein and energy intake. Here, we evaluate the influence of protein quality during refeeding on improvement in muscle protein and energy metabolism.Methods and resultsTwenty‐month‐old male rats (n = 40) were fed 50% of their spontaneous intake for 12 weeks to induce malnutrition, then refed ad libitum with a standard diet enriched with casein or soluble milk proteins (22%) for 4 weeks. A 13C‐valine was infused to measure muscle protein synthesis and expression of MuRF1, and MAFbx was measured to evaluate muscle proteolysis. mTOR pathway activation and mitochondrial function were assessed in muscle. Malnutrition was associated with a decrease in body weight, fat mass, and lean mass, particularly muscle mass. Malnutrition decreased muscle mTOR pathway activation and protein FSR associated with increased MuRF1 mRNA levels, and decreased mitochondrial function. The refeeding period partially restored fat mass and lean mass. Unlike the casein diet, the soluble milk protein diet improved muscle protein metabolism and mitochondrial function in old malnourished rats.ConclusionsThese results suggest that providing better‐quality proteins during refeeding may improve efficacy of renutrition in malnourished older patients.
In vivo phase imaging of human epiphyseal cartilage at 7 T
Authors: Dymerska Barbara , Bohndorf Klaus , Schennach Paul , Rauscher Alexander , Trattnig Siegfried , Robinson Simon D. 
Published: July 2017

PurposeTo assess the potential clinical utility of in vivo susceptibility‐weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping of growth cartilage in the juvenile human knee at 7 T.MethodsHigh‐resolution gradient‐echo images of the knees of six healthy children and adolescents aged 6 to 15 were acquired with a 28‐channel coil at 7 T. Phase images from the coils were combined using a short echo‐time reference scan method (COMPOSER).ResultsVeins oriented perpendicular to the static B0 field appeared doubled in susceptibility‐weighted imaging, but not quantitative susceptibility mapping. Veins and layers in the cartilage were visible in all children up to the age of 13.ConclusionsPhase imaging using susceptibility‐weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping allows the in vivo visualization of veins and layers in human growth cartilage. Magn Reson Med 79:2149–2155, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Stochastic modelling of crack propagation in materials with random properties using isometric mapping for dimensionality reduction of nonlinear data sets
Authors: Mousavi Nezhad M. , Gironacci E. , Rezania M. , Khalili N. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFractures tend to propagate along the least resistance paths, and homogeneous‐based models may not be able to reliably predict the true crack paths, as they are not capable of capturing nonlinearities and local damage induced by local inhomogeneity. This paper presents a stochastic numerical modelling framework for simulating fracturing in natural heterogeneous materials. Fracture propagation is modelled using Francfort and Marigo's variational theory, and randomness in the material properties is introduced by random field principle. A computational strategy on the basis of nonlinear dimensionality reduction framework is developed that maps domain of spatially variable properties of the materials to a low‐dimensional space. This strategy allows us to predict the most probable fracture patterns leading to failure by an optimisation algorithm. The reliability and performance of the developed methodology are examined through simulation of experimental case studies and comparison of predictions with measured data.
Metabolomic Profiling of Long‐Term Weight Change: Role of Oxidative Stress and Urate Levels in Weight Gain
Authors: Menni Cristina , Migaud Marie , Kastenmüller Gabi , Pallister Tess , Zierer Jonas , Peters Annette , Mohney Robert P. , Spector Tim D. , Bagnardi Vincenzo , Gieger Christian , Moore Steve C. , Valdes Ana M. 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between long‐term weight change and blood metabolites.MethodsChange in BMI over 8.6 ± 3.79 years was assessed in 3,176 females from the TwinsUK cohort (age range: 18.3‐79.6, baseline BMI: 25.11 ± 4.35) measured for 280 metabolites at follow‐up. Statistically significant metabolites (adjusting for covariates) were included in a multivariable least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model. Findings were replicated in the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) study (n = 1,760; age range: 25‐70, baseline BMI: 27.72 ± 4.53). The study examined whether the metabolites identified could prospectively predict weight change in KORA and in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) study (n = 471; age range: 55‐74, baseline BMI: 27.24 ± 5.37).ResultsThirty metabolites were significantly associated with change in BMI per year in TwinsUK using Bonferroni correction. Four were independently associated with weight change in the multivariable LASSO model and replicated in KORA: namely, urate (meta‐analysis β [95% CI] = 0.05 [0.040 to 0.063]; P = 1.37 × 10−19), gamma‐glutamyl valine (β [95% CI] = 0.06 [0.046 to 0.070]; P = 1.23 × 10−20), butyrylcarnitine (β [95% CI] = 0.04 [0.028 to 0.051]; P = 6.72 × 10−12), and 3‐phenylpropionate (β [95% CI] = −0.03 [−0.041 to −0.019]; P = 9.8 × 10−8), all involved in oxidative stress. Higher levels of urate at baseline were associated with weight gain in KORA and PLCO.ConclusionsMetabolites linked to higher oxidative stress are associated with increased long‐term weight gain.