bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PLASMA-FIELD COUPLING AT SMALL LENGTH SCALES IN SOLAR WIND NEAR 1 au
Authors: Livadiotis G. , Desai M. I. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
In collisionless plasmas such as the solar wind, the coupling between plasma constituents and the embedded magnetic field occurs on various temporal and spatial scales, and is primarily responsible for the transfer of energy between waves and particles. Recently, it was shown that the transfer of energy between solar wind plasma particles and waves is governed by a new and unique relationship: the ratio between the magnetosonic energy and the plasma frequency is constant, E
ms/ω
pl ∼ ℏ*. This paper examines the variability and substantial departure of this ratio from ℏ* observed at ∼1 au, which is caused by a dispersion of fast magnetosonic (FMS) waves. In contrast to the efficiently transferred energy in the fast solar wind, the lower efficiency of the slow solar wind can be caused by this dispersion, whose relation and characteristics are derived and studied. In summary, we show that (i) the ratio E
ms/ω
pl transitions continuously from the slow to the fast solar wind, tending toward the constant ℏ*; (ii) the transition is more efficient for larger thermal, Alfvén, or FMS speeds; (iii) the fast solar wind is almost dispersionless, characterized by quasi-constant values of the FMS speed, while the slow wind is subject to dispersion that is less effective for larger wind or magnetosonic speeds; and (iv) the constant ℏ* is estimated with the best known precision, ℏ* ≈ (1.160 ± 0.083) × 10−22 Js.
A COMPARISON OF FLARE FORECASTING METHODS. I. RESULTS FROM THE “ALL-CLEAR” WORKSHOP
Authors: Barnes G. , Leka K. D. , Schrijver C. J. , Colak T. , Qahwaji R. , Ashamari O. W. , Yuan Y. , Zhang J. , McAteer R. T. J. , Bloomfield D. S. , Higgins P. A. , Gallagher P. T. , Falconer D. A. , Georgoulis M. K. , Wheatland M. S. , Balch C. , Dunn T. , Wagner E. L. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTSolar flares produce radiation that can have an almost immediate effect on the near-Earth environment, making it crucial to forecast flares in order to mitigate their negative effects. The number of published approaches to flare forecasting using photospheric magnetic field observations has proliferated, with varying claims about how well each works. Because of the different analysis techniques and data sets used, it is essentially impossible to compare the results from the literature. This problem is exacerbated by the low event rates of large solar flares. The challenges of forecasting rare events have long been recognized in the meteorology community, but have yet to be fully acknowledged by the space weather community. During the interagency workshop on “all clear” forecasts held in Boulder, CO in 2009, the performance of a number of existing algorithms was compared on common data sets, specifically line-of-sight magnetic field and continuum intensity images from the Michelson Doppler Imager, with consistent definitions of what constitutes an event. We demonstrate the importance of making such systematic comparisons, and of using standard verification statistics to determine what constitutes a good prediction scheme. When a comparison was made in this fashion, no one method clearly outperformed all others, which may in part be due to the strong correlations among the parameters used by different methods to characterize an active region. For M-class flares and above, the set of methods tends toward a weakly positive skill score (as measured with several distinct metrics), with no participating method proving substantially better than climatological forecasts.
HOW AGN JETS HEAT THE INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM—INSIGHTS FROM HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS
Authors: Karen Yang H.-Y. , Reynolds Christopher S. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is believed to prevent catastrophic cooling in galaxy clusters. However, how the feedback energy is transformed into heat, and how the AGN jets heat the intracluster medium (ICM) isotropically, still remain elusive. In this work, we gain insights into the relative importance of different heating mechanisms using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations including cold gas accretion and momentum-driven jet feedback, which are the most successful models to date in terms of reproducing the properties of cool cores. We find that there is net heating within two “jet cones” (within ∼30° from the axis of jet precession) where the ICM gains entropy by shock heating and mixing with the hot thermal gas within bubbles. Outside the jet cones, the ambient gas is heated by weak shocks, but not enough to overcome radiative cooling, therefore, forming a “reduced” cooling flow. Consequently, the cluster core is in a process of “gentle circulation” over billions of years. Within the jet cones, there is significant adiabatic cooling as the gas is uplifted by buoyantly rising bubbles; outside the cones, energy is supplied by the inflow of already-heated gas from the jet cones as well as adiabatic compression as the gas moves toward the center. In other words, the fluid dynamics self-adjusts such that it compensates and transports the heat provided by the AGN, and hence no fine-tuning of the heating profile of any process is necessary. Throughout the cluster evolution, turbulent energy is only at the percent level compared to gas thermal energy, and thus turbulent heating is not the main source of heating in our simulation.
Development and Testing of the Healthy Work Environment Inventory: A Reliable Tool for Assessing Work Environment Health and Satisfaction
Authors: Clark Cynthia M. , Sattler Victoria P. , Barbosa-Leiker Celestina 
Published: September 2016

Background:
Fostering healthy work environments that enhance job satisfaction and reflect high levels of employee engagement and productivity is imperative for all organizations. This is especially true for health care organizations where unhealthy work conditions can lead to poor patient outcomes.

Method:
A convenience sample of 520 nursing faculty and practice-based nurses in the United States participated in a study to test the psychometric properties of the Healthy Work Environment Inventory (HWEI).

Results:
A factor analysis and other reliability analyses support the use of the HWEI as a valid and reliable instrument to measure perceptions of work environment health.

Conclusion:

The HWEI is a 20-item psychometrically sound instrument to measure perceptions of the health of the work environment. It may be completed either as an individual exercise or by all members of a team to compare perceptions of work environment health, to determine areas of strength and improvement, and to form the basis for interviewing. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(10):555–562.]
Use of iPads to Decrease Faculty Workload
Authors: Tidwell Sarah , Hess Kari , Peek Gina 
Published: September 2016

Background:
Multiple faculty were present during a simulation for competency assessments of students, thus creating an increased workload and fatigue. Faculty used technology to reduce the workload and maintain interrater reliability, at little to no cost.

Method:
The use of high-fidelity simulators, tablet computers, and a university video platform were used to record student competency assessments. One faculty member could perform the assessment, but other course faculty could review the results.

Results:
Seventy-four competency assessments were recorded, and faculty determined that the tablet provided a viable and inexpensive method to record the competency assessments. The ability for faculty to review the recordings helped in maintaining rater and interrater reliability and a method for student remediation. Time spent in the competency assessment, especially during evening hours, was decreased.

Conclusion:

A tablet computer and video platform provided an inexpensive method to reduce faculty contact hours and maintain interrater reliability. It also provided a valuable method to allow students to review their own performance for remediation. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(10):590–591.]
Development and Implementation of an Advanced Therapeutic Communication Course: An Interprofessional Collaboration
Authors: Schwind Jasna K. , McCay Elizabeth , Metersky Kateryna , Martin Jennifer 
Published: September 2016

Background:Interprofessional education and practice have been gaining recognition during the past decade. However, little has been written on person-centered care (PCC) within interprofessional practice and how it could be taught to interprofessional learners.Method:A key element of PCC is therapeutic communication. Consequently, a group of interprofessional faculty innovated a graduate-level elective course on advanced therapeutic communication where interprofessional learners together explore PCC within interprofessional care. The course curriculum is underpinned by mindfulness in education, nonviolent communication, and reflective writing. Various teaching– learning strategies, including creative self-expression, are also used.Results:The created competencies and conceptual framework may be used by other educators in creating a similar interprofessional course. Interprofessional learners gained a deeper and broader understanding of PCC in interprofessional care.Conclusion:On the basis of this undertaking, the faculty gained a deeper appreciation for interprofessional collaboration in the development of innovative educational methodologies that advance interprofessional teamwork in education and professional practice. [J Nurs Educ. 2016;55(10):592–597.]
Management of Pediatric Aphakic Glaucoma With Vitrectomy and Tube Shunts
Authors: Elshatory Yasser M. , Gauger Elizabeth H. , Kwon Young H. , Alward Wallace L. M. , Boldt H. Culver , Russell Stephen R. , Mahajan Vinit B. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose:
To review the impact of vitrectomy and tube shunts on mean intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of glaucoma medications in pediatric aphakic glaucoma.

Methods:
A retrospective review of pediatric patients who underwent combined vitrectomy and glaucoma tube shunt surgery for aphakic glaucoma was conducted. Inclusion criteria were: age 18 years or younger, diagnosis of aphakic glaucoma, preoperative IOP data, and postoperative IOP data for at least 6 months. Mean IOP lowering at 1 year, number of glaucoma medications at 1 year, and surgical complications, including tube occlusion in the postoperative period, were noted.

Results:

The mean ± standard deviation preoperative IOP was 33.9 ± 10.6 mm Hg (range: 18 to 57 mm Hg) with a mean of three topical IOP-lowering medications. A total of 5 (36%) Ahmed and 9 (64%) Baerveldt tube shunts were placed. One of the Baerveldt tube shunt procedures was combined with revision of a traumatically dislocated tube. The mean IOP at 12 months postoperatively was 16.6 ± 5.8 mm Hg (range: 6 to 28 mm Hg;
P
< .01,
t
= 3.74,
df
= 13) with a mean of 2.3 glaucoma medications. There were no cases of tube occlusion, corneal decompensation, endophthalmitis, or retinal detachment over the 12 months of follow-up.

Conclusions:
Combined vitrectomy and placement of a glaucoma tube shunt can be safe and effective in lowering IOP based on mean IOP values and number of glaucoma medications at 1 year.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2016;53(6):339–343.]
Visual, Topographic, and Pachymetric Effects of Pediatric Corneal Collagen Cross-linking
Authors: Toprak Ibrahim , Yaylali Volkan , Yildirim Cem 
Published: September 2016

Purpose:
To evaluate the effects of pediatric corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) on corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), maximum keratometry (Kmax), and other Scheimpflug imaging system parameters during 2 years of follow-up.

Methods:
The records of 29 eyes of 29 pediatric patients who underwent unilateral CXL treatment for progressive keratoconus were reviewed. Changes in CDVA, Kmax, anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber volume, anterior chamber angle, pupil-center pachymetry, apical pachymetry, thinnest pachymetry, corneal volume, and topographic indices (index of surface variance [ISV], index of vertical asymmetry [IVA], index of height asymmetry [IHA], keratoconus index [KI], center keratoconus index [CKI], index of height decentration [IHD], and minimum radius of curvature [Rmin]) were analyzed among baseline and 1 and 2 years after the CXL treatment.

Results:

Mean CDVA and Kmax significantly improved from baseline at 1 year (−0.17 logMAR,
P
< .0001; −1.18 diopters [D],
P
= .012, respectively) and 2 years (−0.21 logMAR,
P
< .0001; −1.40 D,
P
= .001, respectively) after the CXL treatment. Anterior chamber parameters, corneal thicknesses, and corneal volume remained unchanged during the period following CXL (
P
> .05). Five of the seven Scheimpflug topographic indices (including ISV, KI, CKI, IHD, and Rmin) showed significant improvement after CXL between baseline and 2 years (
P
< .05).

Conclusions:
In pediatric patients with progressive keratoconus, CXL appears to be effective in improving CDVA, Kmax, and corneal topographic irregularity at 2 years' follow-up. However, long-term effects of CXL should be tested by further studies in pediatric keratoconus.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2017;54(2):84–89.]
Areal rainfall estimation using moving cars – computer experiments
including hydrological modeling
Authors: Rabiei Ehsan , Haberlandt Uwe , Sester Monika , Fitzner Daniel , Wallner Markus 
Published: September 2016

Abstract. The need for high temporal and spatial resolution precipitation data for hydrological analyses has been discussed in several studies. Although rain gauges provide valuable information, a very dense rain gauge network is costly. As a result, several new ideas have emerged to help estimating areal rainfall with higher temporal and spatial resolution. Rabiei et al. (2013) observed that moving cars, called RainCars (RCs), can potentially be a new source of data for measuring rain rate. The optical sensors used in that study are designed for operating the windscreen wipers and showed promising results for rainfall measurement purposes. Their measurement accuracy has been quantified in laboratory experiments. Considering explicitly those errors, the main objective of this study is to investigate the benefit of using RCs for estimating areal rainfall. For that, computer experiments are carried out, where radar rainfall is considered as the reference and the other sources of data, i.e., RCs and rain gauges, are extracted from radar data. Comparing the quality of areal rainfall estimation by RCs with rain gauges and reference data helps to investigate the benefit of the RCs. The value of this additional source of data is not only assessed for areal rainfall estimation performance but also for use in hydrological modeling. Considering measurement errors derived from laboratory experiments, the result shows that the RCs provide useful additional information for areal rainfall estimation as well as for hydrological modeling. Moreover, by testing larger uncertainties for RCs, they observed to be useful up to a certain level for areal rainfall estimation and discharge simulation.
Psychological Realism in Early Prose Narrative: Dreams in the 1001 Nights and the Greek Novel
Authors: Bowles Henry 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The erstwhile dominant received wisdom that psychological “realism” is unique to the European novel after the seventeenth century is now definitively untenable. Subjugation of deed and act to psyche and affect is, as this article shows, neither especially Modern nor especially European. “Realism” of heart and mind suffuses post-Classical Greek and Arabic prose narrative, appearing as it does in the guise of the various species of the pathetic fallacy, or the externalizing of affect in free-indirect discourse, perspectival ekphrasis, and phantasy (diurnal or no). As in the Modern novel, inordinate focus on characters' “inner” life seems related to a democratizing of literature in urban milieux, the banal desire of non-heroic characters finding itself subject to unusually earnest treatment. This article examines feeling's displacement, especially in the oneiric phantasy, in Daphnis kai Chloē, Longus's novel of the fourth century CE, and al-Nāʾim wa-l-yaqẓān (The Sleeper and the Waker), a cycle of Alf layla wa-layla (The 1001 Nights). Plot in each bends to the characters' erōs (love) and shahwa (desire), as the guileless lovers of the first learn to realize their mutual lust in phantasy first and the dissolute wag of the second is made “caliph for a day” in a factitious dream.
Beckford's Vathek in Italy: The Reception by Mario Praz, Alberto Moravia, and Giaime Pintor
Authors: Niedda Daniele 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The focus of this article is on three relevant, and very different, intellectual Italian figures, whose interest in William Beckford in the first half of the twentieth century lit an important spark of originality among three literary luminaries: Mario Praz, Alberto Moravia, and Giaime Pintor. Praz introduced Beckford to the Italian literary scene and Moravia wrote the introduction to the first Italian translation of Beckford's most significant work, Vathek, which Pintor had finished but could not see into print due to his premature death. Beckford was an inspiring example in the 1930s and 1940s for intellectual outsiders such as Praz, Moravia, and Pintor, a model defiant not only of the homophobic muscularity of Fascistic aesthetics, but also of the hegemony of Italian neo-idealism, which predated Fascism and remained long after. Praz the critic and Pintor the translator enjoy a larger share of this essay because Beckford was their discovery and appealed to them in very different ways. It is in this very difference in their fascination with Beckford, I argue, that their diverse marginality can be more fully appreciated.
Seeking the Divine, Divining the Seekers: The Status of Outsiders Who Seek Yahweh in Ezra 6:21
Authors: Jones Christopher M. 
Published: September 2016

This article argues, pace Thiessen, that the boundaries of restored Israel in Ezra 1–6 are porous: the texts that establish the community's exclusivism do so only provisionally, in place of a working temple cult. This is shown especially in Ezra 2:61–63, where priests who cannot find written proof of their ancestry must wait for Urim and Thummim. Thus, during the Passover in Ezra 6:19–21, the cult (rather than written documents) ultimately establishes boundaries, permitting the inclusion of outsiders.
Degree Splitting of Heronian Mean Graphs
Authors: Sandhya S. S. , Raja Merly E. Ebin , Deepa S. D. 
Published: September 2016

<p><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium;">In this paper, we prove Heronian Mean labeling of some degree splitting graphs. Already we have proved Heronian Mean labeling for some standard graphs. Here we prove that degree splitting of Path <span lang="EN-US">P<sub>3</sub></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium;">, Path <span lang="EN-US">P<sub>4</sub></span>, <span lang="EN-US">P<sub>3</sub>ʘK<sub>1</sub></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium;">, <span lang="EN-US">P<sub>2</sub>ʘK<sub>1,2</sub></span>, <span lang="EN-US">P<sub>2</sub>ʘK<sub>1,3</sub></span>, <span><span><sub> </sub></span></span><span lang="EN-US">P<sub>2</sub>ʘK<sub>3</sub></span> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: medium;">are Heronian Mean graphs.</span></span></p>
Bij een honderdste verjaardag: over rechtsmacht van de burgerlijke rechter in de Cariben op grond van de regel ‘distributie is attributie’
Authors: van den Heuvel R.F. 
Published: September 2016

Bij een honderdste verjaardag: over rechtsmacht van de burgerlijke rechter in de Cariben op grond van de regel ‘distributie is attributie’
De vuistregel ‘distributie is attributie’ heeft inmiddels beperkingen, die met name zichtbaar worden als toepassing ervan leidt tot het moeten baseren van rechtsmacht van de burgerlijke rechter op artikel 103b Rv. Dat artikel kan niet dienen als grondslag voor rechtsmacht. Andere rechtsgeldige grondslagen voor rechtsmacht, die met toepassing van de regel ‘distributie is attributie’ over het hoofd worden gezien, zijn te vinden in het internationale recht. Wanneer men de internationale of interregionale bevoegdheidsvraag beantwoordt vóór toe te komen aan de relatieve bevoegdheidsvraag (top down in plaats van bottom up), vermijdt men vast te lopen in de beperkingen van de vuistregel.
« Musa levis gloria magna » : la recusatio chez les poètes élégiaques des Lumières
Authors: Loubère Stéphanie 
Published: September 2016

Les cheveux flottants, l’élégie a traversé les siècles de sa démarche inégale, et fait résonner ses chants déliés sans jamais se fixer en un lieu. Comme son inspiration, ses inflexions sont vagabondes mais reconnaissables à leur étrange façon d’imposer leur légèreté avec une morgue discrète. Peu de formes poétiques ont poussé aussi loin l’art de cultiver l’indécision sur l’ambition qu’elles poursuivent : à l’âge classique, l’élégie reste le genre insaisissable apparu lorsque les poètes antiques ont brigué une gloire en dehors de la grande tradition héroïque et donné au roman du coeur ses lettres de noblesse poétiques. Ses diverses métamorphoses et les débats qui ont accompagné sa survie littéraire n’ont jamais effacé cette ambiguïté constitutive, qui fait d’elle un genre en quête de reconnaissance dans un système de hiérarchie qu’elle contribue, de par son existence même, à renverser. C’est ainsi qu’au xviiie siècle, l’élégie a participé de près à l’effervescence problématique de la poésie, en un siècle dont la métromanie peut se comprendre à la fois comme signe d’une vigueur et comme symptôme d’un déclin. Dans ce contexte, l’élégie a focalisé un certain nombre de questions qui renvoient plus ou moins directement à la « crise de la poésie » qui affecte le siècle.
De la Caserne au volcan : les Poésies érotiques de Parny entre xviiie siècle et modernité
Authors: Aravecchia Massimiliano 
Published: September 2016

Malgré la renommée qui l’a accompagné de son vivant, Évariste Parny (1753-1814) demeure un auteur oublié de nos jours. Parmi les causes de cet oubli, la condamnation que les poètes romantiques (notamment Lamartine) ont prononcé contre la volupté et l’impiété de ses oeuvres tient une place de choix. Néanmoins, ses Poésies érotiques (1778) informent à bien des égards l’évolution de la poésie lyrique à la frontière entre Ancien Régime et xixe siècle. L’amalgame de biographie et de fiction annonce chez Parny la problématique définition du sujet lyrique propre au romantisme ; en outre, l’insistance sur une destinataire unique et les traits d’exotisme de son oeuvre constituent autant d’éléments qu’exploiteront les poètes du xixe siècle. L’originalité majeure des Poésies érotiques repose essentiellement sur le renouveau du genre élégiaque : à travers l’addition d’un livre d’« Élégies », le poète met en perspective son expérience amoureuse ; il ouvre ainsi le « chant du moi » à une temporalité qu’ignorait la poésie « fugitive » du xviiie siècle et qui prélude au topos romantique de la fuite du temps.