bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolving skills for emerging technologies: a collaborative approach
Authors: Brown Jennifer , Crocamo James Thomas , Bielskas Amanda , Ransom Ellie , Vanti William B. , Wilfong Krystie 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the implementation of a skills development project aimed at increasing the technology competencies of participating librarians in Columbia University’s Science & Engineering Libraries, in response to changing instructional needs.

Design/methodology/approach
Adopting a DIY or Maker learning model gave librarians a perfect opportunity to experience learning new technology skills just as their users encounter them.

Findings
The authors conclude that this collaborative project methodology could potentially fit a large variety of different library environments, providing other institutions with an excellent opportunity to reassess and revamp staff skills, no matter their instructional focus.

Originality/value
The literature notes that previous library staff training models were largely devised for newly matriculated Library and Information Science graduates preparing to enter the workforce. Burgeoning technology developments require libraries to explore novel methods to expose staff to new technology skills; this case study applies the programmatic lens of the Maker Movement to a collaborative staff learning model.
Middle management involvement in handling variable patient flows
Authors: Olsson Olle Viktor , Aronsson Håkan , Sandberg Erik 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This study aims to explore the involvement of middle management in forming strategies to manage variable acute patient flows at a hospital.

Design/methodology/approach
Empirical evidence from a university hospital was gathered via interviews, internal documents, observation and participation in meetings. The role of middle management in the development of strategies was analyzed using literature on middle management involvement.

Findings
In managing variable acute patient flows, middle management adopts a number of roles and behavioral characteristics that have been previously described in research. The role of facilitator is the most prominent, with middle managers prioritizing individual goals and strategies for the clinical departments that they manage before their collective responsibility for hospital performance. Unclear responsibilities and mandates within the organization, together with a lack of hospital-wide strategies concerning how the acute patient flow should be managed, are contributing factors to this behavior.

Research limitations/implications
The research is based on an explorative, single case study methodology. Future research assessing the extent of different middle management roles in health care, in which more empirical data and quantitative analysis is conducted, is encouraged.

Practical implications
There is a need for top management to establish long-term goals to enhance middle management roles when developing strategies for managing variable patient flows.

Originality/value
Middle management involvement in developing strategies for managing variable patient flows is a novel topic for research. The interface and division of tasks between top and middle management is crucial for successful strategies in managing variable patient flows.
Microlevel antecedents of absorptive capacity in joint project engineering teams
Authors: Ojo Adedapo Oluwaseyi , Raman Murali , Chong Chin Wei 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the micro-level antecedents of absorptive capacity (ACAP) based on the multilevel perspective of learning capabilities in asymmetric joint project engineering teams constituted by local employees and expatriates.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors integrated the micro-foundational and multilevel learning theories to delineate the individual and team dimensions of ACAP. Using structural equation modelling, the authors tested the hypothesized relationships among the underlying individual determinants and multilevel dimensions of ACAP. The data were collected from a sample of 248 local employees from 76 joint project engineering teams in the Nigerian upstream oil industry.

Findings
ACAP entails individual and team capabilities, which depend on prior experience and need for cognition. The creation of shared understanding is essential for the transition of an individual’s knowledge assimilation capability into team’s knowledge utilization capability.

Originality/value
This study contributes to extant understanding of the multilevel perspective of learning capabilities, i.e. ACAP in a knowledge intensive team like joint project engineering.
Maximizing the strategic value of corporate reputation: a business model perspective
Authors: Ma Qiaoling “Amy” , Osiyevskyy Oleksiy 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The article emphasizes the importance of corporate reputation as a firm’s key intangible asset leading to tangible shareholder benefits, such as increased profit and market evaluation for established companies, or higher growth rate, lower risk and ease access to funding for new ventures. However, the benefits of corporate reputation do not follow automatically; rather, “the reputational rent” is created and appropriated through a proper, deliberately designed business model. We discuss the link of a firm’s corporate reputation and its business model, proposing a typology of approaches for reaping the rewards of corporate reputation.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is presented as a conceptual paper with illustrative case examples

Findings
For practical purposes, particularly important are two distinct perspectives on corporate reputation: the utilitarian dimension, and the social dimension. The future may turn out to be “either 5-stars or 1-star” world, with Yelp and similar platforms critically disadvantaging the middle-ground of many markets, keeping only top performers and the ones whose business model is insensitive to reputational erosion. This increases the likelihood that the distribution of possible reputation levels will become increasingly bimodal - either high or low, with almost nothing in between - and can be properly mapped on a 2x2 matrix forming the basis of the study.

Originality/value
We introduce the link between a firm’s corporate reputation and its business model, proposing a typology of approaches for reaping the rewards of corporate reputation.
SRI’s turnaround: how four principles guided high-value, market-creating innovation
Authors: Denning Steve 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The article explores the leadership strategies of a CEO who defied the odds against culture change and accomplished a storied turnaround, Curt Carlson who introduced a culture of innovation at SRI International.

Design/methodology/approach
Under Carlson’s leadership, SRI developed a methodology for rapid, large-scale, serial innovation, starting with a focus on important customer and market needs. The innovation proposals had to develop compelling hypotheses for both the product offering and the business model.

Findings
Need, Approach, Benefits per costs and Competition (NABC). the methodology Carlson and his team developed, contains the fundamental framework for creating customer value, it applies to the entire enterprise. It brings all functions together using a short, easy to remember meme that starts every conversation with a focus on customer need.

Practical implications
One of the most spectacular and best-known SRI innovation wins was Siri, the intelligent personal computer assistant and on-line knowledge navigator, an integral part of the iPhone. As a case example, Siri illustrates the power of the NABC approach.

Originality/value
Carlson stresses that the key element in SRI’s success with Siri was not just the technology. It was getting the entire value proposition right. “One of the things that changed at SRI was the realization that we needed to have really solid working hypotheses, both for the product and the business model, before we started spending significant money on technology. That’s one of the biggest mistakes firms make. They rush ahead and want to build the product before they de-risk their value propositions.
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of oral itraconazole for antifungal prophylaxis in children
Authors: Allegra Sarah , Fatiguso Giovanna , De Francia Silvia , Favata Fabio , Pirro Elisa , Carcieri Chiara , De Nicolò Amedeo , Cusato Jessica , Di Perri Giovanni , D'Avolio Antonio 
Published: July 2017

SummaryItraconazole is a first‐generation triazole agent with an extended spectrum of activity; it is licensed in adults for superficial and systemic fungal infections; no recommendation has been yet established for use in children patients. Its variable and unpredictable oral bioavailability make it difficult to determine the optimal dosing regimen. Hence, therapeutic drug monitoring, highly available in clinical practice, may improve itraconazole treatment success and safety. The aim of the study was to describe in paediatrics the oral itraconazole pharmacokinetics, used for prophylaxis. Moreover, we evaluated the utility of its therapeutic drug monitoring in this cohort. A fully validated chromatographic method was used to quantify itraconazole concentration in plasma collected from paediatric patients, at the end of dosing interval. Associations between variables were tested using the Pearson test. Mann‐WhitneyUtest has been used to probe the influence of categorical variables on continuous ones. Any predictive power of the considered variables was finally evaluated through univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses. A high inter‐individual variability was shown; ethnicity (beta coefficient, β −0.161 and interval of confidence at 95%,IC−395.035; −62.383) and gender (β 0.123 andIC9.590; 349.395) remained in the final linear regression model withPvalue of .007 and .038, respectively. This study highlights that therapeutic drug monitoring is required to achieve an adequate target itraconazole serum exposure.
Effects of combination of mitiglinide with various oral antidiabetic drugs in streptozotocin‐nicotinamide‐induced type 2 diabetic rats and Zucker fatty rats
Authors: Akahane Kenji , Ojima Kazuma , Yokoyama Ayaka , Inoue Toshihiro , Kiguchi Sumiyoshi , Tatemichi Satoshi , Takeda Hiroo , Imai Yohsuke 
Published: July 2017

SummaryWe examined the effects of combining the rapid insulin secretagogue, mitiglinide, with various oral hypoglycaemic drugs including biguanides, pioglitazone, α‐glucosidase inhibitors, and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using glucose, sucrose, or a liquid meal was used to compare the effects of mitiglinide with those of the four oral hypoglycaemic drugs and examine their combined effects on blood glucose levels and insulin secretion in the rat model. The combination of mitiglinide with other oral hypoglycaemic drugs suppressed the plasma glucose levels more than either agent did alone. Furthermore, the combination of these agents decreased insulin secretion more than mitiglinide did alone. These results indicate that mitiglinide is suitable for use in combination with other hypoglycaemic drugs because it inhibits postprandial hyperglycaemia by rapidly stimulating insulin secretion.
A new political system model: Semi‐parliamentary government
Authors: GANGHOF STEFFEN 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSemi‐parliamentary government is a distinct executive‐legislative system that mirrors semi‐presidentialism. It exists when the legislature is divided into two equally legitimate parts, only one of which can dismiss the prime minister in a no‐confidence vote. This system has distinct advantages over pure parliamentary and presidential systems: it establishes a branch‐based separation of powers and can balance the ‘majoritarian’ and ‘proportional’ visions of democracy without concentrating executive power in a single individual. This article analyses bicameral versions of semi‐parliamentary government in Australia and Japan, and compares empirical patterns of democracy in the Australian Commonwealth as well as New South Wales to 20 advanced parliamentary and semi‐presidential systems. It discusses new semi‐parliamentary designs, some of which do not require formal bicameralism, and pays special attention to semi‐parliamentary options for democratising the European Union.
Resourcing International Organisations: So What?
Authors: Michaelowa Katharina 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe changes observed in resourcing international organisations over the last decades may have dramatic consequences for their ability to fulfil their mandates. This paper investigates into how far reaching the expected changes really are, and whether the new types and sources of financial and human resources can really be considered as causal for these developments. It appears that resourcing may not be the initial cause, but contributes to the centrifugal dynamics currently observed in the multilateral system. Administrative cost related to the new and complex funding structures are considerable, and ensuring transparency over resource flows represents a major challenge. Official decision‐making bodies lose power to sub‐groups of members or external actors that fund parts of the organisations’ activities through separate channels. Given the large volume of non‐core funding and the lack of transparency, they cannot easily adjust their own priorities. It can thus not be expected that the funding of certain activities through external channels will simply be compensated by a corresponding reduction of core funding in this area. Whether this negatively affects the ability of the organisations to fulfil their mandates – and hence, eventually their legitimacy – depends on the motivations of those actors empowered in this process.
Gemcitabine combined with cisplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy for non‐small cell lung cancer: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Ma Di , Wang Jing , Hao Xuezhi , Wang Yan , Hu Xingsheng , Xing Puyuan , Li Junling 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundThis study was conducted to evaluate the value of gemcitabine combined with cisplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy for radical resection of non‐small cell lung cancer.MethodsData of 100 patients who had undergone radical resection of non‐small cell lung cancer and were treated with cisplatin/gemcitabine as adjuvant chemotherapy between June 2007 and December 2010 at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were reviewed.ResultsThe median age was 59 years (range 36–73); 82% of the patients were male. Forty‐two percent had adenocarcinoma and 55% had squamous cell carcinoma. Most patients had pathologic IIB (29%) and IIIA (44%) stage disease. Eighty‐five percent of patients completed four cycles of chemotherapy, with 76% completing the planned full dose. The main reason for a reduced gemcitabine dose in 13 patients was grade 3/4 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia. The median dose and dose intensity were 8377.1 mg/m2 and 708 mg/(m2/week) for gemcitabine and 293.38 mg/m2 and 25.24 mg/(m2/week) for cisplatin, respectively. During follow‐up the median disease‐free survival was 33.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.938–51.676). Patients with squamous cell carcinoma (hazard ratio [HR] 0.404, 95% CI 0.241–0.676; P = 0.001) and pathologic stage I (HR 4.379, 95% CI 1.721–11.142; P = 0.002) achieved better disease‐free survival. The survival rates at one, two, and five years were 94%, 77%, and 55%, while the survival rates without recurrence were 64%, 53%, and 39%, respectively.ConclusionAs an adjuvant chemotherapy regimen, gemcitabine with cisplatin is well tolerated. Patients with squamous cell carcinomas or pathologic stage I achieve better results.
The central role of mean‐variance relationships in the analysis of multivariate abundance data: a response to Roberts (2017)
Authors: Warton David I. , Hui Francis K. C. 
Published: July 2017

Summary

The mean‐variance relationship is a central property of multivariate abundances – it has been shown that when not accounted for, potentially serious artifacts can be introduced to analyses. One such effect is the confounding of location and dispersion.

Roberts (in press) recently argued that mean‐variance relationships are not important in understanding properties of distance‐based analyses, and that row standardisation fixes the problem of apparent location‐dispersion confounding. We use simulation to disprove both statements.

In situations where there is a shift in total abundance from one location to the next, the effects of location‐dispersion confounding can be considerable. But we also show that even if there is no systematic difference in total abundance between two communities, and no change in dispersion, distance‐based analysis may falsely claim that there is a change.

We agree that multivariate abundance data are hierarchical, and that it is helpful to study effects at both the species‐level and the community level. However, disentangling species‐level from community‐level effects is not possible without a hierarchical method of analysis. Recently proposed model‐based approaches to ordination offer a way forward to resolve the issues discussed here.
Stadiums and Scheduling: Measuring Deadweight Losses in the Victorian Football League, 1920–70
Authors: Frost Lionel , Borrowman Luc , Halabi Abdel K. 
Published: July 2017

Over a 50 year period, Australian Rules football's major league, the Victorian Football League, did not always use its largest and best‐equipped stadium for regular season games between its most popular teams or schedule those teams to play twice in a regular season. We calculate deadweight losses from the use of capital goods (stadiums) and effects of match scheduling in this professional sports league. Such analysis has not been attempted previously because of the absence of a counterfactual. The welfare losses were significant but not sufficient to threaten the survival of a distance‐protected cartel.
Design and Hemocompatibility Analysis of a Double‐Suction Injection Suspension Blood Pump Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Methods
Authors: Wu Yue , Zhu Liangfan , Luo Yun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe blood pump has become a possible solution to heart diseases. For the prevention of device failure and hemocompatibility problems, a rotary pump with suspended bearing is a preferred solution. In our previous work, a novel injection suspension method has been introduced to levitate the rotor. The suspension method is totally passive. This study aims to apply this suspension method to a double‐suction pump, and the property of the pump was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. The flow field of the pump is simulated based on the SST k–ω turbulent model. The characteristic curves of the pump were calculated. At the nominal working point of 5 L/min, 100 mm Hg, the suspension force acting on the rotor was detected, which could reach 0.46 N with a gap of 150 µm. We compared the pump with a previously developed single‐suction injection pump to evaluate the blood compatibility of the double‐suction design. The average scalar shear stress values were 3.13 Pa for the double‐suction pump and 7.10 Pa for the single‐suction pump. Larger volumes in the single‐suction pump were exposed to shear stresses higher than 10 Pa. Thresholds for the von Willebrand factor cleavage, platelet activation, and hemolysis were defined to be 9 Pa, 50 Pa, and 150 Pa, respectively. The volume fractions for the double‐suction pump are lower for all thresholds. The normalized index of hemolysis (NIH) values for the two pumps were calculated to be 0.008 g/100 L and 0.016 g/100 L. Results proved that the double‐suction pump has a better hemocompatibility compared with the single‐suction pump.
Removal of Cell‐Activating Substances Using Dialyzers With Various Permeability Profiles
Authors: Latosinska Agnieszka , Hulko Michael , Speidel Rose , Mischak Harald , Storr Markus , Krause Bernd 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDespite multiple efforts to target an improvement in clinical outcomes of patients with end‐stage renal disease, several challenges must still be addressed. Dialysis patients are at a high risk for complications, as reflected by increasing mortality rates. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the application of dialyzers with varying permeability profiles on the removal of cell‐activating substances from the blood of hemodialysis (HD) patients. Dialysate samples were collected using Revaclear 400 (RC) and MCO‐Ci400 (MCO‐CI). Total protein and solute marker concentrations were determined for the concentrated sample. The response of tubular epithelial cells (TECs) to the dialysate samples was assessed via measurement of interleukin 6, cell viability, and morphology. Proteomic analysis of the dialysate samples was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Treatment of TECs with the MCO‐CI dialysate resulted in significantly decreased cell viability compared with the RC dialysate. TECs incubated with samples from MCO‐CI lost their typical brick‐like shape and cell–cell connections. Proteomic analysis of dialysate samples indicated multiple pro‐apoptotic and pro‐inflammatory proteins, supporting the observed phenotype. Additionally, application of the MCO‐CI dialyzer allowed for more efficient removal of proteins associated with advanced chronic kidney disease stages. Collectively, the use of dialyzer with a higher permeability profile enabled more efficient removal of cell‐activating and toxic substances from the blood of HD patients. However, a further large‐scale study is needed to address benefits and associated risks for patients.
Extensive and intensive margins and exchange rate regimes
Authors: Hamano Masashige , Picard Pierre M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper studies the costs and benefits of fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes in the presence of endogenous intensive and extensive margins of trade. The net benefit depends on the levels and volatilities of those margins as well as on their correlation with consumers’ preferences. A fixed exchange rate regime is preferred for sufficiently high labour supply elasticities and lower love for product diversity. Delays between entry and production make fixed exchange rate regimes less attractive.
Health beliefs regarding pediatric cerebral palsy among caregivers in Botswana: A qualitative study
Authors: Patel P. , Baier J. , Baranov E. , Khurana E. , Gambrah‐Sampaney C. , Johnson A. , Monokwane B. , Bearden D. R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundCerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability worldwide with an incidence of 2.5 per 1,000 births globally. Health beliefs among caregivers may be major drivers of health‐related behaviours and service utilization, but little is known regarding health beliefs around CP in Africa.MethodsBetween July 2013 and September 2015, children with CP were identified in Gaborone, Botswana, and their caregivers were invited to participate in a qualitative study utilizing semistructured in‐person one‐on‐one interviews. Interview questions addressed their understanding of CP, challenges of caring for a handicapped child, and community response to children with CP.ResultsSixty‐two caregivers participated in the study. Common themes elicited were variable knowledge about CP, financial and physical burden, lack of therapies and educational resources, and the impact of stigma. Caregivers in Botswana generally subscribed to a biomedical explanation of CP but expressed concerns regarding more stigmatizing folks beliefs expressed in the community.ConclusionHealth beliefs regarding CP in Botswana likely have a significant impact on utilization of healthcare resources. Information from this study should inform future educational interventions for caregivers of children with CP.