bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apropriação Simbólica (e Senhorial!) da Natureza na Península Ibérica (século IV-VIII)
Authors: Bastos Mario Jorge Da Motta 
Published: April 2017

Proponho-me, no presente artigo, a abordar a concepção denatureza e das relações travadas pelos homens com este seu “laboratório inorgânico de existência” expressa em fontes diversas elaboradas no contexto da Sociedade Ibérica do século IV ao VIII. Ver-se-á a difusão, no período em questão, de uma concepção de natureza como obra da Criação e concessão divinaem usufruto humano, tornando-a dom de uma divindade suprema que institui, na base da sua própria ação original, oelemento primário da submissão irrevogável destes ao dominus celestial. Traduzindo-a em uma expressão, a concepção cristã de mundo (e de natureza, pois) veiculada pelas elites ibéricas fundamentou-se, concentrou-se e se articulou em torno do exercício e da manifestação de poder, inserindo a divindade no curso da história e, a partir dessa inserção, desvelando uma ordem social e sagrada calcada em vínculos pessoais, dependências, fidelidades,poder e submissão.
Mixed electron donor autotrophic denitrification processes for groundwater treatment by immobilized biological filters
Authors: Su Jun-feng , Liang Dong-hui , Huang Ting-lin , Lian Ting-ting , Wang Wen-dong 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
An immobilized biological filter (IBF) using Fe(II) and Mn(II) as mixed electron donors was evaluated for nitrate removal in groundwater. Results of the single factor experiments of strain SZ28 under the conditions of electron donor:electron acceptor ratio (1:2, 1.45:1, 3:1), Fe(II):Mn(II) ratio (1:9, 3:7, 5:5) demonstrated that the highest nitrate removal ratio was 100%, 49.6% (Mn(II)) and 100% (Fe(II)) under the conditions of electron donor:electron acceptor ratio of 3:1, Fe(II):Mn(II) ratio of 5:5. Mn(II) and Fe(II) as electron donor was tested for the effects on denitrification in the IBF reactor. Optimal conditions were obtained at an electron donor:electron acceptor ratio of 2:1, hydraulic retention time of 12 h and Fe(II):Mn(II) ratio of 5:5 with the highest removal ratio of nitrate-N (100%), Mn(II) (50.25%) and Fe(II) (99.2%). Results suggest that the optimal condition obtained from the IBF was feasible.
New Oxadiazole Derivatives: Synthesis and Appraisal of Their Potential as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Dhara Deboleena , Sunil Dhanya , Kamath Pooja R. , Ananda K. , Shrilakshmi S. , Balaji S. 
Published: April 2017

Introduction:
The escalating threat due to dwindling effect of antibiotics and challenge
of tackling rising drug-resistant infections has gathered high focus in current medicinal research.

Methods:
In an attempt to find new molecules that can defeat microbial resistance, two new series
of 2-[2-substituted ethenyl]-5-(substituted methoxy)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized.
Various aromatic hydrazides were allowed to undergo cyclization to substituted oxadiazole-2-
amines in the presence of cyanogen bromide and further condensed with different heterocyclic aldehydes
to give new oxadiazole derivatives. The synthesized molecules were fully characterized by
various spectral techniques and tested for antimicrobial activity.

Results:
Almost all the newly synthesized compounds especially (5g-5l) displayed remarkable
growth inhibition against three bacterial strains: M. smegmatis, S. aureus, E. coli and fungi C. albicans.
The antimicrobial activity was further confirmed by MIC assay against the same microorganisms.
Oxadiazole 5g displayed promising activity with a MIC value of 0.025 mM for two bacteria
and fungi, whereas MIC of this compound for E. coli was 0.1 mM. Other active compounds (5h-5l)
also exhibited good MIC ranging between 0.313 to 5.0 mM against the selected microorganisms.
Docking simulations were generated to explore the potential binding approaches of ligand 5g at the
D-alanine:d-alanine ligase (Ddl) protein of E. coli and S. aureus.

Conclusion: Molecule 5g was active even at a lower concentration and could probably act as a
prospective lead molecule for targeting the drug resistant microorganisms.
The effect of methanol extract of soybean seeds (Glycine max L.Merr.) on the histology and immunohistochemical distribution of Cyp19 aromatase in rat testis (Rattus norvegicus L.)
Authors: Aryani Retno , Moeljopawiro Sukarti , Nugroho Laurentius Hartanto , Astuti Pudji 
Published: April 2017

Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) contains phytoestrogens that have a chemical structure resembling estrogen in the body. They function like estrogen and antiestrogen, affecting the metabolism of sex steroid hormones. This research aimed to determine the effect of the methanol extract of soybean on the histological structure and distribution of immunohistochemical Cyp19 aromatase in rat testis . Twenty males of Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 5. The frst group was the control and the second to fourth groups were given soybean extract (250 mg/kg of body weight, 500 mg/kg of body weight) and genistein (0.3 mg/kg of body weight), respectively, for 52 days. The results of this study indicate that the effect of methanol extract from soybean caused weight gain, and the weight of the testis and epididymis decreased. In addition, the histological results showed that seminiferous tubules were reduced in size, became irregular, were separated by a wide interstitium, and spermatogenic cells were decreased. The immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of Cyp19 aromatase in the rats decreased both in spermatocyte cells and Leydig cells. It could be concluded that the methanol extract of soybean induced testicular damage and reduced Cyp19 aromatase expression in rat testis.
Detection and identifcation of adherence genes of intestinal-origin Lactobacillus and Pediococcus strains grown on gastric mucin in vitro
Authors: Widodo W. , Lestari Sri , Asmara Widya 
Published: April 2017

One of the primary selection criteria for potential probiotics is the ability to adhere to the host gastrointestinal tract. This study evaluated the in vitro adhesion ability on gastric mucin of two Lactobacillus casei strains (AP and AG) and two Pediococcus acidilactici strains (BE and BK), and identifed the corresponding genes responsible for adherence. Adhesion assays were performed in 96-well polystyrene microtiter plates using gastric mucin from porcine stomach as the matrix. An in vitro study on gastric mucin revealed that lactobacilli had a greater adherence ability compared with pediococci strains. The potential adherence genes were investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Using specifc primers, PCR studies amplifed 150 base pairs of a potential mub gene and 161 base pairs of a potential ef-Tu gene, but no amplifed bands for potential map and bac genes were obtained. Sequence comparisons showed that the 150 and 161 amplifed base pairs were respectively homologous to the mub of Pediococcus acidilactici and ef-Tu genes of Lactobacillus paracasei. We concluded that the adherence ability of two strains of Lactobacillus casei (AP and AG) and two strains of Pediococcus acidilactici (BE and BK) on gastric mucin is in accordance with the presence of ef-Tu and mub genes. High level attachment in lactobacilli is likely to correlate with the ef-Tu gene, which is a lactobacilli-specifc adhesive gene.
Efectos de la violencia de pareja en mujeres migrantes
Authors: Delgadillo Guzmán Leonor Guadalupe , Vargas Cortez Agustín , Nievar Angela , Argüello Zepeda José Francisco , González Villanueva Leonor 
Published: April 2017

Este estudio analiza la relación entre violencia de pareja, depresión y autoeficacia materna en mujeres migrantes. Se considera que este tipo de violencia produce hundimiento anímico y dificulta el desenvolvimiento como madre. Es un estudio cuantitativo de tipo correlacional explicativo, trabajado con 40 mujeres inmigrantes con dos a 25 años como residentes, violentadas con al menos un episodio referido y por lo menos un hijo en preescolar. Se utilizaron tres instrumentos, “The Parental Involvement and Efficacy”, “The Survey-Depression Scale” y “The Revised Conflict Tactic Scale”. Los resultados arrojaron importantes relaciones entre las variables, mientras más violencia vivan las mujeres, más depresión, y mientras más depresión, menor autoeficacia materna.
El Cauca, la mesoeconomía del oro y la retroactividad de la dependencia: anotaciones sobre coyuntura y desequilibrio territorial
Authors: Macuacé Otero Ronald Alejandro , Cortés Landázury Raúl 
Published: April 2017

A pesar del aumento en el precio de las materias primas y la bondad de las proyecciones para la economía colombiana; todavía no son claras las transformaciones territoriales que se quieren poner a la altura de los éxitos macroeconómicos nacionales en cuestión de explotación aurífera. El objetivo de este artículo en consecuencia, es situar en contexto las implicaciones espacioredistributivas de este patrón de crecimiento en el departamento del Cauca, poniendo de relieve los efectos sobre la composición económica sectorial y el desplazamiento geográfico de la actividad extractiva.
Analysts' Influence on Managers' Guidance
Authors: Chapman Kimball , Green Jeremiah R. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
Analysts ask managers for forward-looking information in one-third of quarterly conference calls; most frequently, seeking earnings per share guidance. In this study, we examine the long-term consequences of analysts' questions on future manager disclosure choices. Using six types of commonly provided guidance, we find that when analysts request new guidance or ask about prior guidance, managers are more likely to provide similar guidance in future quarters. When analysts do not ask about prior guidance, managers are less likely to provide that type of guidance in the future. This effect is long-lasting, spills over into earnings announcements, and is strongest for firms with the most severe information problems. Our results provide evidence that analysts shape managers' disclosure choices in meaningful ways.
Audit Sampling Using Benford's Law: A Review of the Literature with Some New Perspectives
Authors: Nigrini Mark J. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
Accounting studies have used the premise that nonconformity to Benford's Law (hereafter, Benford), which gives the expected patterns of the leading digits in numerical data, is a red flag for fraud. This study reviews Benford's Law and divides the accounting applications into five categories. A proposed Benford-based audit sampling method, which selects as the audit sample the set of transactions or balances that needs to be removed from the audit population to leave a remainder that conforms to Benford, is reviewed and reexamined. The finding is that the method, as advocated, can generate large audit samples and that the accuracy rate is questionable, even when known errors are seeded into the data. The study then reviews some new perspectives on using Benford's Law in auditing by reviewing (1) the mathematical bases for expecting Benford conformity, (2) the type of auditee data that are appropriate for Benford-based sampling, (3) various options to limit the sample size, and (4) the limitations of a Benford-based sampling approach. These perspectives draw on some facts related to the way in which the HealthSouth Corporation financial statement fraud was executed.
Entrelaçamentos e possibilidades dos jogos de linguagem matemáticos: seus usos na comunidade remanescente de Quilombos da Agrovila de Espera, Alcântara – MA
Authors: Castro Raimundo Santos de , Caldeira Ademir Donizeti 
Published: April 2017

Este texto apresenta as problematizações oriundas de uma pesquisa de doutorado em Educação desenvolvida na Universidade Federal de São Carlos – UFSCar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo etnográfica realizada junto à comunidade remanescente de quilombos da Agrovila de Espera, na cidade de Alcântara – MA, que teve por objetivo compreender o que está manifesto nas práticas matemáticas constituídas como jogos de linguagem matemáticos em uso nas atividades de trabalho e sobrevivência dos membros dessa comunidade, decodificando os efeitos de sentidos e significados mobilizados sobre elas. Propõe discutir as questões da filosofia de Wittgenstein, especialmente a de jogos de linguagem, para tentar compreender como essa noção pode ser apresentada em estudos em Educação Matemática. Na análise das práticas matemáticas, tendo por base a ação de empaneirar a farinha de mandioca, buscou destacar as interações e influências dos jogos de linguagem postos em usos com o ambiente sociocultural nos quais se desenvolvem, a partir de suas atividades cotidianas e as interações produzidas entre os jogos de linguagem matemáticos e os sentidos e significados produzidos pelos membros da comunidade para aquilo que os mesmos elaboram como elemento que lhes possibilitem garantir a sobrevivência por meio de seu trabalho.Palavras-chave: Wittgenstein. Etnomatemática. Quilombolas.
Traços vivos: jogos de cenas nas (im)possíveis dobras da escrita na pesquisa em educação (Matemática)
Authors: Marim Márcia Maria Bento , Farias Kátia Sebastiana Carvalho dos Santos 
Published: April 2017

Este texto tem por objetivo mobilizar exemplos de práticas de escrita no estilo de ‘jogos de cenas’ constituídos sob um ponto de vista teórico-metodológico inspirado nos modos de filosofar de Ludwig Wittgenstein e Jacques Derrida. Esta mobilização se utiliza do entrelaçamento das noções de ‘jogos de linguagem’ de Wittgenstein e ‘escritura’ de Derrida para possibilitar o entendimento do ato de escrita da pesquisa científico-acadêmica como atos narrativos que envolvem a encenação corporal das práticas culturais da escrita e da fala, verbais e não verbais, isto é, a ação de corpos humanos e não humanos orientados por gramáticas diferenciadas e idiossincráticas em uma performance da linguagem. Com o propósito de exemplificar um possível modo de como pode-se constituir jogos de cenas nesta perspectiva fizemos uso de ‘recortes’ e ‘colagens’. Por ‘recorte’ queremos significar a retirada de um enunciado (proferimento) do contexto em que ele é enunciado. Por ‘colagem’ queremos significar a sua inserção em um novo contexto, naquele em que reaparece. É este duplo movimento diferencial que o nosso ver derridiano-wittgensteiniano caracteriza o ato da citação e é essa citação que recoloca em ação o enunciado performativo que opera neste estilo de escrita que vem abrindo espaços para modos outros de se proceder à constituição do texto cientifico-acadêmico na história da educação (matemática): a escrita dialógica.Palavras-chave: Jogos de Cenas. Educação Matemática. Desconstrucionismo Derridiano.
Ricoeur on time: From Husserl to Augustine
Authors: Malan Gert J. 
Published: April 2017

The development in Ricoeur’s concept of time did not receive as much attention as his move from eidetic to hermeneutic phenomenology and his Time and Narrative, with which it coincided. This paper attends to the lacuna, specifically departing from Ricoeur’s Husserlian eidetics and moving towards the influence of Augustine’s discussion of the main aporias of time. Initially, Paul Ricoeur’s philosophic approach can be described as a Husserlian eidetic phenomenology, which influenced the way in which he understood time. This changed somewhat when Ricoeur moved from eidetic to hermeneutic phenomenology. Ricoeur has developed his understanding of the concept of time since his initial writings up to the end of his academic career of 70 years. This article focusses on Ricoeur’s initial eidetic approach in Freedom and Nature and, in more existential terms, in Fallible man, but also focusses on the initial phase of his turn to hermeneutics in Volume 1 of Time and Narrative with his exposition of Augustine’s views on time. His eidetic approach stems from his appreciation for and extension of the work of Husserl, Marcel and Kant, while he also drew much from Heidegger and Gadamer after his hermeneutic turn. His initial arguments on the hermeneutic phenomenology of time flow from Augustine’s discussions of the aporias of time. The later extension of his understanding of time to include emplotment was a logical next step.
Urbanidad subterránea: del carrefour à étages multiples a la ‘calle interior’
Authors: Clua Alvaro 
Published: April 2017

As Manuel de Solà-Morales noted, <em>urbanity</em> relies on the variety and quality of relations between things, materials and human beings.<strong><em> </em></strong>Considered as such, how are we to achieve an<em> underground </em>urbanity?<strong><em> </em></strong>This paper seeks to address this question through a focussed reading of a number of European urban projects from the 20<sup>th</sup> century; all of which put special care into ensuring the quality of their subterranean passageways.<strong><em> </em></strong>We begin with the<em> carrefour à giration,</em> which was designed by Eugène<em> </em>Hénard in 1906, in order to identify four fundamental attributes of this kind of urbanity:<em> legibility, spatiality, accessibility </em>and<em> </em><em>activity</em>.<strong><em> </em></strong>We then continue with a qualitative analysis of the 1933 <em>Blå Bodarna</em> passageway designed by Tage William-Olsson and Holger Blom in Slussen (Stockholm). Looking ahead some decades later, the sequence of passages under the Vienna Ring, built during the mayoralty of Franz J. Jonas, provides a good example of how fundamental the connectivity to the underground public transport system was to the success of these spaces.<strong><em> </em></strong>Finally, the article closes with a review of those underground places found in Santiago Calatrava’s Stadelhofen Station and the Stationsplein by Manuel de Solà-Morales: from the <em>carrefour à étages multiples </em>to the ‘<em>inner </em>street’.
The oxic degradation of sedimentary organic matter 1400 Ma constrains atmospheric oxygen levels
Authors: Zhang Shuichang , Wang Xiaomei , Wang Huajian , Hammarlund Emma U. , Su Jin , Wang Yu , Canfield Donald E. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. We studied sediments from the ca. 1400 million-year-old Xiamaling Formation from the North China block. The upper unit of this formation (unit 1) deposited mostly below storm wave base and contains alternating black and green-gray shales with very distinct geochemical characteristics. The black shales are enriched in redox-sensitive trace metals, have high concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), high hydrogen index (HI) and iron speciation indicating deposition under anoxic conditions. In contrast, the green-gray shales show no trace metal enrichments, have low TOC, low HI and iron speciation consistent with an oxygenated depositional setting. Altogether, unit 1 displays alternations between oxic and anoxic depositional environments, driving differences in carbon preservation consistent with observations from the modern ocean. We combined our TOC and HI results to calculate the differences in carbon mineralization and carbon preservation by comparing the oxygenated and anoxic depositional environments. Through comparisons of these results with modern sedimentary environments, and by use of a simple diagenetic model, we conclude that the enhanced carbon mineralization under oxygenated conditions in unit 1 of the Xiamaling Formation required a minimum of 4 to 8 % of present-day atmospheric levels (PAL) of oxygen. These oxygen levels are higher than estimates based on chromium isotopes and reinforce the idea that the environment contained enough oxygen for animals long before their evolution.
A PESQUISA EM ATIVIDADE FÍSICA ADAPTADA: OBJETOS DE ESTUDO E METODOLOGIAS
Authors: Tanure Alves Maria Luiza , Storch Jalusa , Harnisch Gabriela , Strapasson Aline Miranda , Gavião de Almeida José Júlio , Duarte Edison 
Published: April 2017

RESUMOO texto aborda a construção da Atividade Física Adaptada (AFA) como área de conhecimento, abordando seu desenvolvimento, objetos de estudos, métodos e resultados alcançados. Estudos epistemológicos definem a AFA como um campo de conhecimentos cross-disciplinar, com foco em três pontos: 1) Adaptação; 2) Diferenças Individuais; 3) Atividade Física. Há predominância pelo design quantitativo com crescimento nos estudos qualitativos. No campo da educação física adaptada, a inclusão começa a ser defendida como melhoria da qualidade de ensino para todos e não apenas para alunos com deficiência. Há necessidade de reflexão sobre o acesso e o impacto das pesquisas na prática profissional.Palavras-chave: Pesquisa. Atividade Física Adaptada. Educação Física Adaptada. Research on Adapted Physical Activity:study objects and methodologies.ABSTRACTThe text covers the construction of Adapted Physical Activity(APA) as na área of knowledge,addressing its development, subjects, methods and results. Epistemological studies define APA as na área of cross-disciplinary knowledge, focusing on three points:1) Adaptation; 2) Individual Differences; 3) PhysicalActivity. Quantitative design predominates, but the number of qualitative studies is increasing. In the Field of adapted physical education, inclusion has been understood as na improvement in the quality of education for all and not just for students with disabilities.It is necessary to re-think the access and impact of research in professional practice.Keywords: Research. Adapted Physical Activity. Adapted Physical EducationLa investigación sobre la Actividad Física Adaptada:objetos de estúdio y metodologías.RESUMENEl texto abarca la construcción de la Actividad Física Adaptada (APA) como un área de conocimiento, frente a su desarrollo, los estudios de objetos, métodos y resultados. Estudios epistemológicos definen la AFA como un campo de conocimiento multidisciplinar, centrándose en tres puntos: 1) Adaptación; 2) Las diferencias individuales; 3) Actividad Física. Hay un predominio por diseño cuantitativo con un crecimiento en los estudios cualitativos. En el campo de la educación física adaptada, la inclusión comienza a ser defendido como la mejora de la calidad de la educación para todos y no sólo para los estudiantes con discapacidades. Existe la necesidad de reflexión sobre el acceso y el impacto de la investigación en la práctica profesional.Palabras clave: Investigación. Adaptado de la Actividad Física. Educación Física Adaptada.
Viewpoint phenomena in constructions and discourse
Authors: Dancygier Barbara 
Published: April 2017

In this paper, I argue for an approach which treats perspective-taking and viewpoint as conceptual patterns prompted by a range of linguistic forms. I show that commonly discussed perspective-taking phenomena cannot be represented in sufficient depth by looking, on the one hand, at local sentence-level issues of disambiguation and, on the other hand, at the “common ground” explanations pertaining to some global communicative context. At the same time, I show that viewpoint phenomena are pervasive in language, rather than being limited to specific instances. The main argument is that in most instances linguistic expressions represent multiple viewpoints, rather than just one, and that these multiple viewpoints form coherent networks. The paper analyses a number of examples to explicate the nature of viewpoint networks and the mechanisms which lead to interpretation of discourse on their basis. To illustrate these points, I discuss examples from discourse, constructions which specialize in profiling viewpoint configurations (for example, various forms of reported speech, etc.), and grammatical forms (such as tense, pronouns, and determiners). The argument is additionally supported by data from gesture and newly emerging forms of online communication.This article is part of the special collection: Perspective Taking