bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive behaviour therapy and inflammation: A systematic review of its relationship and the potential implications for the treatment of depression
Authors: Lopresti Adrian L 
Published: April 2017

Objective:There is growing evidence confirming increased inflammation in a subset of adults with depression. The impact of this relationship has mostly been considered in biologically based interventions; however, it also has potential implications for psychological therapies. Cognitive behaviour therapy is the most commonly used psychological intervention for the treatment of depression with theories around its efficacy primarily based on psychological mechanisms. However, cognitive behaviour therapy may have an effect on, and its efficacy influenced by, physiological processes associated with depression. Accordingly, the purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between cognitive behaviour therapy and inflammation.Method:Studies examining the anti-inflammatory effects of cognitive behaviour therapy in people with depression and other medical conditions (e.g. cancer, diabetes and heart disease) were examined. In addition, the relationship between change in inflammatory markers and change in depressive symptoms following cognitive behaviour therapy, and the influence of pre-treatment inflammation on cognitive behaviour therapy treatment response were reviewed.Results:A total of 23 studies investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of cognitive behaviour therapy were identified. In 14 of these studies, at least one reduction in an inflammatory marker was reported, increases were identified in three studies and no change was found in six studies. Three studies examined the relationship between change in inflammation and change in depressive symptoms following cognitive behaviour therapy. In two of these studies, change in depressive symptoms was associated with a change in at least one inflammatory marker. Finally, three studies examined the influence of pre-treatment inflammation on treatment outcome from cognitive behaviour therapy, and all indicated a poorer treatment response in people with higher premorbid inflammation.Conclusion:Preliminary evidence suggests inflammation should be considered within the context of cognitive behaviour therapy, although robust studies examining the relationship are sparse, and heterogeneity between studies and populations examined was high. The potential treatment implications of the bi-directional relationship between inflammation and cognitive behaviour therapy are discussed, and recommendations for future research are proposed.
Sleep and quality of life in children with traumatic brain injury and ADHD
Authors: Ekinci Ozalp , Okuyaz Çetin , Günes Serkan , Ekinci Nuran , Örekeci Gülhan , Teke Halenur , Çobanoğulları Direk Meltem 
Published: April 2017

Objective Attention problems are common in children who sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI). The differential features of TBI-related Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and primary ADHD are largely unknown. This study aimed to compare sleep problems and quality of life between children with TBI and ADHD and children with primary ADHD. Methods Twenty children with TBI (mean age = 12.7 ± 3.1 years) who had clinically significant ADHD symptoms according to the structured diagnostic interview and rating scales and a control group with primary ADHD (n = 20) were included. Parents completed Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and Kinder Lebensqualitätsfragebogen: Children’s Quality of Life Questionnaire-revised (KINDL-R). Neurology clinic charts were reviewed for TBI-related variables. Results When compared to children with primary ADHD, the Total Score and Sleep Onset Delay, Daytime Sleepiness, Parasomnias, and Sleep Disordered Breathing subscores of CSHQ were found to be higher in children with TBI and ADHD. The Total Score and Emotional Well-Being and Self-Esteem subscores of the KINDL-R were found to be low (poorer) in children with TBI and ADHD. The Total Score and certain subscores of KINDL-R were found to be lower in TBI patients with a CSHQ > 56 (corresponds to significant sleep problems) when compared to those with a CSHQ < 56. CSHQ Total Score was negatively correlated with age. Conclusion Children with TBI and ADHD symptoms were found to have a poorer sleep quality and quality of life than children with primary ADHD. ADHD in TBI may be considered as a highly impairing condition which must be early diagnosed and treated.
Effects of the mental health parity and addictions equality act on depression treatment choice in primary care facilities
Authors: Goldberg Daniel M. , Lin Hsien-Chang 
Published: April 2017

Objective The Mental Health Parity and Addictions Equality Act (MHPAEA) of 2010 in the United States sought to expand mental health insurance benefits on par with medical benefits. As primary care facilities are often the first step in identifying mental health concerns, it is essential to examine the association of this policy with primary care physicians’ choice on depression treatment. Method A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2007–2012 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, including a weighted total of 162,699,930 depression patients. Using the Heckman two-step selection procedure, a logistic and a multinomial regression were conducted to examine the association of the MHPAEA with physicians’ two-step process of deciding whether and which type of treatment was prescribed. Sociological factors were controlled. Results Treatment was significantly more likely to be provided after the MHPAEA. Psychotherapy was used for treatment for 10.0% of the sample while medication was used for 75.0% of the sample. Patient race/ethnicity, practice setting, physician specialty, and primary source of payment were associated with diverging likelihood of being prescribed depression treatment. Non-Hispanic White patients were more likely to be provided treatment than non-Hispanic Black patients. Patients were less likely to be prescribed only medication than only psychotherapy after the MHPAEA enactment. Conclusions The MHPAEA was associated with primary care providers’ decision and choice on depression treatment. Educational and policy interventions aimed at improving physician’s understanding of their own treatment tendencies and decreasing barriers to depression treatment may impact the disparities in underserved, minority, and older populations.
Intralesional Vitamin D3 Injection in the Treatment of Recalcitrant Warts: A Novel Proposition
Authors: Raghukumar Sonia , Ravikumar B. C. , Vinay K. N. , Suresh M. R. , Aggarwal Archit , Yashovardhana D. P. 
Published: April 2017

Background: Verruca vulgaris (viral warts) is a fairly common condition with a plethora of treatment options having variable success rates. Recalcitrant warts are refractory to treatment with often disappointing response and high recurrence rates. Lately, treatment with intralesional injections has gained momentum due to its effectiveness in clearing warts by stimulating the cell-mediated immunity. Vitamin D, when applied topically, regulates epidermal cell proliferation and is involved in the formation of antimicrobial peptides. We have attempted to use vitamin D3 to exploit its reported action as an immunotherapeutic molecule in addition to its topical effects. To our knowledge, there are no reports of intralesional vitamin D3 injections used in the treatment of extragenital recalcitrant warts. Methods: Sixty-four patients with recalcitrant warts of varying sizes and duration were included in the study. About 0.2- to 0.5-mL vitamin D3 solution (600,000 IU, 15 mg/mL) was injected to the base of the wart. A maximum of 5 warts were injected per session at 3-week intervals until resolution or for a maximum of 4 treatments. Patients were followed up for 6 months after the last injection to detect any recurrence. Results: Sixty patients completed the study. Complete response was seen in 54 of 60 (90%), partial response in 4 of 60 (6.66%), and no response in 2 of 60 (3.33%). The average number of injections required to achieve a complete resolution was 3.66. Complete resolution of distant warts was noticed in all patients. Conclusions: Intralesional vitamin D3 is a safe, effective, and an inexpensive treatment option for recalcitrant warts.
Long-term disability trajectories in primary progressive MS patients: A latent class growth analysis
Authors: Signori Alessio , Izquierdo Guillermo , Lugaresi Alessandra , Hupperts Raymond , Grand’Maison Francois , Sola Patrizia , Horakova Dana , Havrdova Eva , Prat Alexandre , Girard Marc , Duquette Pierre , Boz Cavit , Grammond Pierre , Terzi Murat , Singhal Bhim , Alroughani Raed , Petersen Thor , Ramo Cristina , Oreja-Guevara Celia , Spitaleri Daniele , Shaygannejad Vahid , Butzkueven Helmut , Kalincik Tomas , Jokubaitis Vilija , Slee Mark , Fernandez Bolaños Ricardo , Sanchez-Menoyo Jose Luis , Pucci Eugenio , Granella Franco , Lechner-Scott Jeannette , Iuliano Gerardo , Hughes Stella , Bergamaschi Roberto , Taylor Bruce , Verheul Freek , Edite Rio Maria , Amato Maria Pia , Sajedi Seyed Aidin , Majdinasab Nastaran , Van Pesch Vincent , Sormani Maria Pia , Trojano Maria 
Published: April 2017

Background: Several natural history studies on primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) patients detected a consistent heterogeneity in the rate of disability accumulation. Objectives: To identify subgroups of PPMS patients with similar longitudinal trajectories of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) over time. Methods: All PPMS patients collected within the MSBase registry, who had their first EDSS assessment within 5 years from onset, were included in the analysis. Longitudinal EDSS scores were modeled by a latent class mixed model (LCMM), using a nonlinear function of time from onset. LCMM is an advanced statistical approach that models heterogeneity between patients by classifying them into unobserved groups showing similar characteristics. Results: A total of 853 PPMS (51.7% females) from 24 countries with a mean age at onset of 42.4 years (standard deviation (SD): 10.8 years), a median baseline EDSS of 4 (interquartile range (IQR): 2.5–5.5), and 2.4 years of disease duration (SD: 1.5 years) were included. LCMM detected three different subgroups of patients with a mild ( n = 143; 16.8%), moderate ( n = 378; 44.3%), or severe ( n = 332; 38.9%) disability trajectory. The probability of reaching EDSS 6 at 10 years was 0%, 46.4%, and 81.9% respectively. Conclusion: Applying an LCMM modeling approach to long-term EDSS data, it is possible to identify groups of PPMS patients with different prognosis.
How are pharmacists in Ontario adapting to practice change? Results of a qualitative analysis using Kotter’s change management model
Authors: Teixeira Beatriz , Gregory Paul A. M. , Austin Zubin 
Published: April 2017

Background: The pace of practice change in community pharmacy over the past decade has been significant, yet there is little evidence documenting implementation of change in the profession. Methods: Kotter’s change management model was selected as a theoretical framework for this exploratory qualitative study. Community pharmacists were interviewed using a semistructured protocol based on Kotter’s model. Data were analyzed and coded using a constant-comparative iterative method aligned with the stages of change management outlined by Kotter. Results: Twelve community pharmacists were interviewed. Three key themes emerged: 1) the profession has successfully established the urgency to, and created a climate conducive for, change; 2) the profession has been less successful in engaging and enabling the profession to actually implement change; and 3) legislative changes (for example, expansion of pharmacists’ scope of practice) may have occurred prematurely, prior to other earlier stages of the change process being consolidated. Interpretation: As noted by most participants, allowing change is not implementing change: pharmacists reported feeling underprepared and lacking confidence to actually make change in their practices and believe that more emphasis on practical, specific implementation tactics is needed. Conclusions: Change management is complex and time and resource intensive. There is a need to provide personalized, detailed, context-specific implementation strategies to pharmacists to allow them to take full advantage of expanded scope of practice.
Development of the ICD-10 simplified version and field test
Authors: Paoin Wansa , Yuenyongsuwan Maliwan , Yokobori Yukiko , Endo Hiroyoshi , Kim Sukil 
Published: April 2017

Background: The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10) has been used in various Asia-Pacific countries for more than 20 years. Although ICD-10 is a powerful tool, clinical coding processes are complex; therefore, many developing countries have not been able to implement ICD-10-based health statistics (WHO-FIC APN, 2007). Objective: This study aimed to simplify ICD-10 clinical coding processes, to modify index terms to facilitate computer searching and to provide a simplified version of ICD-10 for use in developing countries. Method: The World Health Organization Family of International Classifications Asia-Pacific Network (APN) developed a simplified version of the ICD-10 and conducted field testing in Cambodia during February and March 2016. Ten hospitals were selected to participate. Each hospital sent a team to join a training workshop before using the ICD-10 simplified version to code 100 cases. All hospitals subsequently sent their coded records to the researchers. Results: Overall, there were 1038 coded records with a total of 1099 ICD clinical codes assigned. The average accuracy rate was calculated as 80.71% (66.67–93.41%). Three types of clinical coding errors were found. These related to errors relating to the coder (14.56%), those resulting from the physician documentation (1.27%) and those considered system errors (3.46%). Discussion: The field trial results demonstrated that the APN ICD-10 simplified version is feasible for implementation as an effective tool to implement ICD-10 clinical coding for hospitals. Conclusion: Developing countries may consider adopting the APN ICD-10 simplified version for ICD-10 code assignment in hospitals and health care centres. The simplified version can be viewed as an introductory tool which leads to the implementation of the full ICD-10 and may support subsequent ICD-11 adoption.
Heart rate variability is differentially altered in multiple sclerosis: implications for acute, worsening and progressive disability
Authors: Studer Valeria , Rocchi Camilla , Motta Caterina , Lauretti Benedetta , Perugini Jacopo , Brambilla Laura , Pareja-Gutierrez Lorena , Camera Giorgia , Barbieri Francesca Romana , Marfia Girolama A , Centonze Diego , Rossi Silvia 
Published: April 2017

Background Sympathovagal imbalance has been associated with poor prognosis in chronic diseases, but there is conflicting evidence in multiple sclerosis. Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the autonomic nervous system dysfunction correlation with inflammation and progression in multiple sclerosis. Methods Heart rate variability was analysed in 120 multiple sclerosis patients and 60 healthy controls during supine rest and head-up tilt test; the normalised units of low frequency and high frequency power were considered to assess sympathetic and vagal components, respectively. Correlation analyses with clinical and radiological markers of disease activity and progression were performed. Results Sympathetic dysfunction was closely related to the progression of disability in multiple sclerosis: progressive patients showed altered heart rate variability with respect to healthy controls and relapsing–remitting patients, with higher rest low frequency power and lacking the expected low frequency power increase during the head-up tilt test. In relapsing–remitting patients, disease activity, even subclinical, was associated with lower rest low frequency power, whereas stable relapsing–remitting patients did not differ from healthy controls. Less sympathetic reactivity and higher low frequency power at rest were associated with incomplete recovery from relapse. Conclusions Autonomic balance appears to be intimately linked with both the inflammatory activity of multiple sclerosis, which is featured by an overall hypoactivity of the sympathetic nervous system, and its compensatory plastic processes, which appear inefficient in case of worsening and progressive multiple sclerosis.
Lymphocyte subtypes in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with dimethyl fumarate
Authors: Chaves C , Ganguly R , Ceresia C , Camac A 
Published: April 2017

Background Recent data suggest that lymphopenia is more prevalent than reported in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients taking dimethyl fumarate (DMF). Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of DMF on lymphocyte subtypes in RRMS patients with and without lymphopenia. Method A retrospective study compared lymphocyte subtypes in DMF-treated RRMS patients with low (G1, n = 35) and normal lymphocyte counts (G2, n = 24). Results Fifty-nine patients were identified, with mean age 49, 71.2% females, and average DMF duration 20 months. Age, sex, baseline white blood count, disease and treatment durations were similar between groups. Prior interferon therapy and baseline lower normal lymphocyte counts were more frequent in G1. Mean lymphocyte counts were 0.8 ± 0.2 × 109/L in G1 and 1.6 ± 0.3 × 109/L in G2. CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cell mean counts were lower ( p < 0.0001), while CD4/CD8 ratio higher ( p = 0.03) in G1 than G2. Mean CD19 + B cell counts were normal; however, values were lower in G1 ( p = 0.04). After adjusting for confounders, significantly positive correlations were noted between lymphocyte counts and CD3 + , CD4+, CD8+ T, and B cell counts. Negative correlation was observed between lymphocyte counts and CD4/CD8 ratio driven by low CD8+ T cell counts. Conclusion DMF treatment predominantly impacts T cells, in particular CD8+ subtype. This finding may have implications in this population’s immunocompetence.
Caspase-3 controls AML1-ETO–driven leukemogenesis via autophagy modulation in a ULK1-dependent manner
Authors: Man Na , Tan Yurong , Sun Xiao-Jian , Liu Fan , Cheng Guoyan , Greenblatt Sarah M. , Martinez Camilo , Karl Daniel L. , Ando Koji , Sun Ming , Hou Dan , Chen Bingyi , Xu Mingjiang , Yang Feng-Chun , Chen Zhu , Chen Saijuan , Nimer Stephen D. , Wang Lan 
Published: April 2017

Key Points
Loss of Caspase-3 delays leukemogenesis in a mouse model for t(8;21) AML. Loss of Caspase-3 triggers upregulation of ULK1 and induction of autophagy in leukemia-initiating cells.
Doxycycline improves clinical outcomes during cystic fibrosis exacerbations
Authors: Xu Xin , Abdalla Tarek , Bratcher Preston E. , Jackson Patricia L. , Sabbatini Gina , Wells J. Michael , Lou Xiang-Yang , Quinn Rebecca , Blalock J. Edwin , Clancy J. P. , Gaggar Amit 
Published: April 2017

Matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) plays a role in progression of cystic fibrosis, and doxycycline can reduce MMP-9in vitro. Here, we explore the effect of doxycycline during cystic fibrosis exacerbation treatment on MMP-9 related readouts and clinical end-points.This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled hospitalised patients with cystic fibrosis undergoing exacerbation. In total, 20 participants were given doxycycline and 19 participants were given placebo over an 8-day period during hospitalisation. Biospecimens were collected at the beginning and the end of the study period. Primary end-points were total MMP-9 levels in the sputum and safety/tolerability. Secondary end-points included change in lung function, time to next exacerbation, and markers of MMP-9-related protease activity (active MMP-9 and TIMP-1). Nonparametric testing was used for within-group and between-group analyses.Doxycycline was well tolerated, with no treatment discontinuations or serious adverse events. Doxycycline reduced total sputum MMP-9 levels by 63.2% (p<0.05), and was also associated with a 56.5% reduction in active MMP-9 levels (p<0.05), a 1.6-fold increase in sputum TIMP-1 (p<0.05), improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (p<0.05), and an increase in time to next exacerbation (p<0.01).Adjunctive use of doxycycline improved dysregulated MMP-9 levels in sputum, along with biomarkers consistent with a reduced proteolytic pulmonary environment. Improvement in clinical outcome measures suggests an important therapeutic benefit of doxycycline for individuals with cystic fibrosis.
The effect of fluid overload on sleep apnoea severity in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Lyons Owen D. , Inami Toru , Perger Elisa , Yadollahi Azadeh , Chan Christopher T. , Bradley T. Douglas 
Published: April 2017

As in heart failure, obstructive and central sleep apnoea (OSA and CSA, respectively) are common in end-stage renal disease. Fluid overload characterises end-stage renal disease and heart failure, and in heart failure plays a role in the pathogenesis of OSA and CSA. We postulated that in end-stage renal disease patients, those with sleep apnoea would have greater fluid volume overload than those without.End-stage renal disease patients on thrice-weekly haemodialysis underwent overnight polysomnography on a nondialysis day to determine their apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI). Extracellular fluid volume of the total body, neck, thorax and right leg were measured using bioelectrical impedance.28 patients had an AHI ≥15 (sleep apnoea group; OSA:CSA 21:7) and 12 had an AHI <15 (no sleep apnoea group). Total body extracellular fluid volume was 2.6 L greater in the sleep apnoea group than in the no sleep apnoea group (p=0.006). Neck, thorax, and leg fluid volumes were also greater in the sleep apnoea than the no sleep apnoea group (p<0.05), despite no difference in body mass index (p=0.165).These findings support a role for fluid overload in the pathogenesis of both OSA and CSA in end-stage renal disease.
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in offspring of parents with depression and bipolar disorder
Authors: Propper Lukas , Cumby Jill , Patterson Victoria C. , Drobinin Vladislav , Glover Jacqueline M. , MacKenzie Lynn E. , Morash-Conway Jessica , Abidi Sabina , Bagnell Alexa , Lovas David , Hajek Tomas , Gardner William , Pajer Kathleen , Alda Martin , Uher Rudolf 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundIt has been suggested that offspring of parents with bipolar disorder are at increased risk for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), but the specificity of this association has not been established.AimsWe examined the specificity of DMDD to family history by comparing offspring of parents with (a) bipolar disorder, (b) major depressive disorder and (c) a control group with no mood disorders.MethodWe established lifetime diagnosis of DMDD using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children for DSM-5 in 180 youth aged 6–18 years, including 58 offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, 82 offspring of parents with major depressive disorder and 40 control offspring.ResultsDiagnostic criteria for DMDD were met in none of the offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, 6 of the offspring of parents with major depressive disorder and none of the control offspring. DMDD diagnosis was significantly associated with family history of major depressive disorder.ConclusionsOur results suggest that DMDD is not specifically associated with a family history of bipolar disorder and may be associated with parental depression.