bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Physically Constrained Model-Based Moisture Amplification Approach for Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) Estimation
Authors: Tarouilly Emilie G. , Holman Kathleen D. , Lettenmaier Dennis P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The flood that would result from the greatest depth of precipitation “meteorologically possible” or probable maximum precipitation (PMP) is used in the design of dam spillways and other high-risk structures. Historically, PMP has been estimated by scaling precipitation totals obtained from severe historical storms, assuming more moisture could have been available. Over the last decade, numerical weather prediction models have been used to instead predict precipitation resulting from the addition of moisture in the simulations [called relative humidity maximization (RHM)]. Despite the major improvement they represent, two important barriers limit the applicability of model-based methods: first, the existence of different moisture amplification approaches that produce different estimates, and second, the need for a regional implementation of those techniques that were developed for individual basins. Taking Oregon’s mountainous coastal watersheds affected by atmospheric river storms as a case study, we develop a moisture amplification approach, which we call relative humidity perturbation (RHP) ratio that is physically constrained by historical maximum moisture. We find that both the magnitude and location of moisture increase matter and that RHP ratio produces lower amplified precipitation totals but storms that are more consistent with observed events than other methods such as RHM. We additionally find that it is possible to position a storm near-optimally over several basins in a homogeneous area, enabling the production of regional PMP estimates. The understanding we develop of the control moisture exerts on PMP-magnitude precipitation totals allows us to develop a more physically based methodology for the development of reliable storm amplification guidance.
Bacterial toxicity of sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron in aerobic and anaerobic systems: implications for chlorinated solvent clean-up strategies
Authors: Schiefler Adrian A. , Tuxen Nina , Mayanna Sathish , Benning Liane G. , Tobler Dominique J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) materials show enhanced reactivity and selectivity towards chlorinated solvents compared to non-sulfidated nZVI, thus they have a high potential for subsurface chlorinated solvent remediation. However, little is known about the possible toxic effects of S-nZVI towards microbial communities, which is of particular concern with regard to combined abiotic–biotic chlorinated solvent treatment scenarios. In this study, the toxicity of two different S-nZVI materials towards Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (S. MR-1) was examined under anaerobic and aerobic conditions using colony forming units (CFU) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) measurements, and the results were then compared to identical exposures performed with non-sulfidated nZVI. In a second step, the toxicity of S-nZVI and nZVI materials was tested on the commercial bioremediation culture KB-1® and on an in-house trichloroethylene enrichment culture. Under aerobic conditions, S. MR-1 viability was less affected by S-nZVI materials compared to non-sulfidated nZVI materials (up to three times higher viability) and it was generally lower compared to anaerobic conditions where little difference in S. MR-1 viability was observed between the tested materials. In terms of the two dechlorinating cultures, they exhibited significantly higher ATP viability during anaerobic exposures to S-nZVI and nZVI materials. Particularly for KB-1®, which retained comparable ATP-viability after ~60 hours exposure as S. MR-1 after two hours. Moreover, the ATP viability of the mixed cultures was generally higher in S-nZVI exposures compared to nZVI exposures (up to three times higher viability). The observed viability patterns are explained by differences in the shell structure, chemistry and stability of the tested S-nZVI and nZVI materials towards corrosion, while the substantially enhanced resilience of KB-1® is argued to stem from its year-long cultivation in the presence of reduced FeS particulates.
Contraceptive access and use among women with migratory experience living in high-income countries: a scoping review
Authors: Gozzi P. , Persson M. , Nielsen A. , Kilander H. , Kågesten A. E. , Iwarsson K. Emtell , Ljungcrantz D. , Bredell M. , Larsson E. C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Women who have migrated often encounter difficulties in accessing healthcare and experience inequitable sexual and reproductive health outcomes in destination countries. These health inequities include contraceptive access and use. To better understand what influences contraceptive access and use, this scoping review set out to synthesize the evidence on contraceptive access and use and on associated interventions among women with migratory experience in high-income countries (HICs) in Europe, North America and Australasia.

Methods
The scientific databases PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL were searched for peer-reviewed quantitative, qualitative and mixed method articles published between January 2000 and June 2023. Articles were included if they reported on studies exploring contraceptive use to prevent pregnancies among women of reproductive age with migratory experience living in HICs. Two researchers independently screened and extracted data from the articles. Findings were categorized by patient and health system level factors according to Levesque et al.’s framework of access to health care.

Results
A total of 68 articles were included, about half (n = 32) from North America. The articles focused on the individual level rather than the health system level, including aspects such as women’s contraceptive knowledge, the influence of culture and religion on accessing and using contraception, partner involvement, and differing health insurance coverage. On the health system level, the articles highlighted lack of information on contraceptive services, cultural (in)adequacy of services and communication aspects, contraceptives’ side effects, as well as geographic availability and cost of services. The review further identified three articles reporting on interventions related to contraceptive counselling.

Conclusions
There is a lack of knowledge regarding how health systems impose obstacles to contraceptive services for women with migratory experience on an organizational level, as research has focused heavily on the individual level. This review’s findings may serve as a foundation for further research and advances in policy and practice, specifically recommending early provision of health system related information and contraceptive education, engagement of male partners in contraceptive discourses, cultural competency training for healthcare professionals, and strengthening of interpretation services for contraceptive counselling.
Continuous surface-to-distributed acoustic sensor snapshots explain reactivation of individual natural fractures during an unconventional reservoir stimulation
Authors: Glubokovskikh Stanislav , Correa Julia , Ajo-Franklin Jonathan , Zhu Xiaoyu , Freifeld Barry 
Published: September 2024

Fiber-optic sensing technologies allow petroleum engineering teams to detect hydraulic fracture interaction with boreholes during unconventional reservoir stimulation. In combination with high-repeatability seismic sources, the same distributed acoustic sensors (DASs) enable vertical seismic profiling (VSP) of the fracture evolution away from the boreholes. We discovered clear signatures of seismic scattering on activated fractures during nine days of continuous seismic monitoring of the fracturing stages at the Austin Chalk/Eagle Ford Field Laboratory. The present study applies a novel approach for quantitative analysis of the scattering events in terms of the evolution of the geometry and elastic stiffness of individual fractures. Our characterization strategy sequentially refines the fracture models: from a stack of 1D soft layers to 3D rectangular inclusions. First, we estimate the number of fracture locations and reflectivity using a modified sparse-spike deconvolution of the stacked VSP traces. The fracture set consists of five fractures spaced by 15–30 m with a reflectivity of approximately 1%. Then, we develop a scattering integral method to refine these estimates along with an inversion of the fracture top and bottom for each monitoring vintage. We find that, initially, some of the fractures are located above the monitoring fiber with the height of approximately 100 m. Then we integrate the seismic interpretation with the low-frequency DAS and pressure and microseismic monitoring to reconstruct the activation process of the fractures. Most likely, some of the natural fractures slowly grew downward to the monitoring fiber as a result of fluid injections in the stimulated well. This led to bright strain anomalies but did not trigger seismicity. The top of the fractures remained almost constant and were limited by a lithologic boundary/stress barrier. To our knowledge, this is the first time VSP data enabled tracking of the fracture evolution with such high spatial and temporal resolution, which was previously only available for crosswell surveys and at a much smaller scale.
Prevalence of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders in problem gambling: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Corbeil Olivier , Béchard Laurent , Anderson Élizabeth , Huot-Lavoie Maxime , Desmeules Charles , Bachand Lauryann , Brodeur Sébastien , Carmichael Pierre-Hugues , Jacques Christian , Solmi Marco , Dorval Michel , Giroux Isabelle , Roy Marc-André , Demers Marie-France 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
High rates of psychiatric comorbidities have been found in people with problem gambling (PBG), including substance use, anxiety, and mood disorders. Psychotic disorders have received less attention, although this comorbidity is expected to have a significant impact on the course, consequences, and treatment of PBG. This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychotic disorders in PBG.

Methods
Medline (Ovid), EMBASE, PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched on November 1, 2023, without language restrictions. Studies involving people with PBG and reporting the prevalence of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for systematic reviews of prevalence data. The pooled prevalence of psychotic disorders was calculated using a random effects generalized linear mixed model and presented with forest plots.

Results
Of 1,271 records screened, 22 studies (n = 19,131) were included. The overall prevalence of psychotic disorders was 4.9% (95% CI, 3.6–6.5%, I2 = 88%). A lower prevalence was found in surveyed/recruited populations, compared with treatment-seeking individuals and register-based studies. No differences were found for factors such as treatment setting (inpatient/outpatient), diagnoses of psychotic disorders (schizophrenia only/other psychotic disorders), and assessment time frame (current/lifetime). The majority of included studies had a moderate risk of bias.

Conclusions
These findings highlight the relevance of screening problem gamblers for schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, as well as any other comorbid mental health conditions, given the significant impact such comorbidities can have on the recovery process.
Taming explosive growth through linear augmentation
Authors: Aggarwal Shivani , Ghosh Richita , Dixit Shiva , Prasad Awadhesh , Shrimali Manish Dev 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Nonlinear coupling among dynamical systems has found widespread applications in real-world systems. Such interactions may lead to an undesired explosive growth of dynamical variables. We employ a control technique to drive such unstable dynamics (explosive growth) of dynamical systems to stable dynamics through the scheme of linear augmentation. The efficacy of our scheme in suppressing the explosive growth of trajectories in a network of limit cycles is illustrated and the dynamics of the unaugmented and augmented networked systems are discussed. We also introduce the concept of “dynamic augmentation” and exhibited the robustness of our scheme by successfully controlling the explosive growth of chaotic trajectories. Our results may be useful in controlling and preventing explosive growths of trajectories in a wide range of devices in the engineering fields.
Approach to the Patient: Normocalcemic Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Liu Yi , Sinha Gregory Naina , Andreopoulou Panagiota , Kashyap Sangeeta , Cusano Natalie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NPHPT), a phenotype of primary hyperparathyroidism, is characterized by elevated parathyroid hormone levels in the setting of persistently normal serum calcium. Diagnosis of NPHPT can be challenging and requires that secondary causes of hyperparathyroidism be excluded. The natural history of NPHPT remains inconclusive. Although biochemically less severe, the skeletal and renal complications of NPHPT vary across studies, primarily due to underlying selection bias. Due to limited data, there is currently no consensus regarding medical and surgical treatment. Recent studies on parathyroidectomy have indicated that normocalcemic patients present more often with negative preoperative localization studies and multiglandular disease, which complicates successful surgical management. In addition, postoperative improvements in bone mineral density and nephrolithiasis vary, raising questions about the optimal treatment approach. Further studies are needed to provide better evidence-based guidance for normocalcemic patients.
Age Difference in the Connection Between Systemic Inflammatory Response and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Wei Haishan , Xu Dan , Chen Jiying , Yu Haiyan , Zhang Xiaodong , Liu Zhiyun , Liu Chen , Guo Yuan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
This research aims to investigate the connection between systemic inflammatory response and metabolic syndrome (MetS) across different age groups, with the aim of proposing more targeted recommendations.

Methods
This study enrolled 15 959 adults from the 2001-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of whom 6739 were diagnosed with MetS. After dividing the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) into 4 quartiles, the Kruskal–Wallis test and weighted chi-square test were employed to assess statistical differences. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and restricted cubic spline were employed to examine the relationship between SII and MetS.

Results
Our study revealed that SII exhibits a quantitative association with MetS [odds ratio (OR) = 1.56; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37-1.79; P &lt; .001]. Elevated SII is an independent risk factor for the 5 components of MetS. Different age groups and alcohol consumption status could modify the connection between SII and MetS. This connection was statistically significant in the 18 to 65 age group but not in the elderly subgroup (OR = 1.08; 95% CI, .95-1.23; P = .248). Multiple imputation confirmed the robustness of our results. Moreover, the connection exhibits an inverted U-shaped curve.

Conclusion
Our research highlights the predictive significance of SII in forecasting the incidence of MetS in young and middle-aged populations. The differences in inflammatory mechanisms across various age groups necessitate further research for exploration.
Spatiotemporal regulation of organelle transport by spindle position checkpoint kinase Kin4
Authors: Ekal Lakhan , Alqahtani Abdulaziz M. S. , Ayscough Kathryn R. , Hettema Ewald H. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Asymmetric cell division in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves class V myosin-dependent transport of organelles along the polarised actin cytoskeleton to the emerging bud. Vac17 is the vacuole/lysosome-specific myosin receptor. Its timely breakdown terminates transport and results in the proper positioning of vacuoles in the bud. Vac17 breakdown is controlled by the bud-concentrated p21-activated kinase Cla4, and the E3-ubiquitin ligase Dma1. We found that the spindle position checkpoint kinase Kin4 and, to a lesser extent, its paralog Frk1 contribute to successful vacuole transport by preventing the premature breakdown of Vac17 by Cla4 and Dma1. Furthermore, Kin4 and Cla4 contribute to the regulation of peroxisome transport. We conclude that Kin4 antagonises the Cla4/Dma1 pathway to coordinate spatiotemporal regulation of organelle transport.
Metabolic rate and mitochondrial physiology adjustments in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) during cyclic hypoxia
Authors: Ducros Loïck , Lavoie-Rochon A. S. , Pichaud N. , Lamarre S. G. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Diel fluctuations of oxygen levels characterize cyclic hypoxia and pose a significant challenge to wild fish populations. Although recent research has been conducted on the effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation, mechanisms by which fish acclimatize to cyclic hypoxia remain unclear, especially in hypoxia-sensitive species. We hypothesized that acclimation to cyclic hypoxia requires a downregulation of aerobic metabolic rate and an upregulation of mitochondrial respiratory capacities to mitigate constraints on aerobic metabolism and the elevated risk of oxidative stress upon reoxygenation. We exposed Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) to 10 days of cyclic hypoxia and measured their metabolic rate and mitochondrial physiology to determine how they cope with fluctuating oxygen concentrations. We measured oxygen consumption as a proxy of metabolic rate and observed that Arctic char defend their standard metabolic rate but decrease their routine metabolic rate during hypoxic phases, presumably through the repression of spontaneous swimming activities. At the mitochondrial level, acute cyclic hypoxia increases oxygen consumption without ADP (CI–LEAK) in the liver and heart. Respiration in the presence of ADP (OXPHOS) temporarily increases in the liver and decreases in the heart. Cytochrome c oxidase oxygen affinity also increases at day 3 in the liver. However, no change occurs in the brain, which is likely primarily preserved through preferential perfusion (albeit not measured in this study). Finally, in vivo measurements of reactive oxygen species revealed the absence of an oxidative burst in mitochondria in the cyclic hypoxia group. Our study shows that Arctic char acclimatize to cyclic hypoxia through organ-specific mitochondrial adjustments.
The effects of antioxidants on various body systems and physical activity - a literature review on Astaxanthin
Authors: Kusak Natalia , Rudziński Gracjan , Pażyra Aldona , Żak Natalia , Jaworska Barbara , Stanicki Paweł 
Published: September 2024

Astaxanthin is an organic fat-soluble compound from the xanthophyll group derived mainly from marine organisms. It has greater antioxidant properties than vitamins e, c and beta-carotene. It may have potential applications in various areas of medicine and dietetics. The safe daily dose appears to be 6-8 mg per day. Its use may be beneficial in cardiology by lowering insulin resistance, improving lipid profile and reducing the extent of myocardial infarction. In addition, it improves cognitive function and has beneficial effects on skin properties such as texture and hydration. Its positive effects on visual acuity have also been proven. Its use can increase fat burning during aerobic exercise and increase physical performance during exercise. Considering the available research results, astaxanthin seems to be a promising supplement with strong antioxidant properties. Most of the studies, however, were conducted on animals and more human studies are needed. The purpose of this work is to summarize the available knowledge regarding this unique substance. The article reviews studies and scientific papers available in PubMed databases on Astaxanthin for the period 2010-2023.
Understanding Sport-Related Concussion: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Kałuża Jessica Adriana , Nowak Aleksandra , Ledowicz Agata , Rogoń Agnieszka , Bednarczyk Małgorzata , Moskal Bartosz , Zabojska Krystyna , Tomaka Rafał , Szostak Kamila , Dydyk Martyna 
Published: September 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of sport-related concussions, highlighting the critical importance of understanding their mechanisms, diagnosis, and management. Sport-related concussion is a frequent and complex pathology whose physiopathological mechanisms are not completely understood yet. Concussions, a subset of traumatic brain injuries, are prevalent in contact sports and pose significant risks to athletes' long-term health. The review covers the pathophysiology of concussions, emphasizing the biomechanical forces involved and the resultant neurological disruptions. Athletes seldom report concussive symptoms, which makes the diagnosis a challenge. Therefore, diagnostic challenges are explored, with a focus on clinical assessment tools, neuroimaging, and biomarkers. Additionally, the paper discusses current management strategies, including return-to-play protocols, and the role of education in concussion prevention. The review underscores the need for ongoing research to enhance diagnostic accuracy, improve treatment outcomes, and establish more effective prevention strategies, ultimately aiming to safeguard athletes' well-being.
Getting Down to Business: Chain Ownership and Fertility Clinic Performance
Authors: La Forgia Ambar , Bodner Julia 
Published: September 2024

Acquisitions by corporate entities have fueled the growth of chain organizations in healthcare. A chain is a multiunit firm under the same ownership and management providing similar services in different locations. Chain ownership has been credited with boosting firm performance in the retail and service sectors but has been criticized for prioritizing profits over the well-being of patients in the healthcare sector. This paper finds that chain ownership improves healthcare outcomes in the market for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Using novel data on U.S. fertility clinics and difference-in-differences methods, we find that IVF cycles increase by 27.2%, and IVF success rates increase by 13.6% after acquisition by a fertility chain. We provide evidence that fertility chains facilitate resource and knowledge transfers needed to enhance quality and expand the IVF market. For example, acquired clinics change IVF processes and procedures to achieve the IVF gold standard of simultaneously reducing higher-risk multiple births and increasing singleton births. We discuss how the fertility sector’s relatively minimal market frictions and information asymmetries may incentivize chain owners to invest in quality. This paper was accepted by Stefan Scholtes, healthcare management. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.02793 .