bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promotion of cells to close gaps and encourage cell coverage, by radio frequency glow discharge treatment
Authors: Ali Hanan , Baier Robert E. , Dziak Rosemary , Andreana Sebastiano 
Published: September 2016

AbstractExposure of dental abutments to cleaning and sterilizing Radio Frequency Glow Discharge Treatment (RFGDT) triggered greater degrees of human gingival fibroblast (HGF) attachment and spreading over their surfaces. Enhanced cell growth and metabolic activity of such HGFs were found which might lead to improved cellular margins in the smile‐revealing "esthetic zone". This investigation, approved by the Institutional Review Board, employed in vitro studies of HGFs to support in vivo clinical applications of differentially treated titanium healing abutments to demonstrate the possible improvements for tissue growth around dental implants. Harvested commercially pure titanium (cpTi) abutments from three clinical cases per group revealed that separation of the abutments from the human gingival tissues occurred mainly intercellularly rather than directly from the tissue, suggesting that placement of an RFGDT permanent abutment would trigger tissue‐integration more completely than noted with usual alcohol‐cleaned abutments. This work confirmed and extended observations of prior studies that RFGDT materials have mitogenic effects that might be captured for stimulating desired tissue growth around implanted biomaterial appliances. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 169–177, 2017.
Profiling of hydroxycinnamoylquinic acids in plant extracts using in‐source CID fragmentation
Authors: Nagy Ádám , Abrankó László 
Published: September 2016

Hydroxycinnamoylquinic acids (HCQAs) are a major class of phenolic plant secondary metabolites, belonging to the chlorogenic acid family. Various health‐beneficial properties of HCQAs have been shown, which has drawn interest for HCQA profiling in plants of human consumption. However, this task remains challenging, because several isomeric HCQAs can be present in the sample with identical molecular formulae and the limited availability of reference standards poses additional challenges to their identification. In the present work, a high performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–quadrupole time‐of‐flight–mass spectrometry (HPLC‐ESI‐Q/TOF‐MS) method accompanied with an effective data filtering protocol is presented, which is shown to be suitable for the identification of HCQAs in plant materials in a non‐targeted manner. Both collision‐induced dissociation (CID) fragmentation performed in a collision cell and in‐source (CID) fragmentation were used to produce accurate mass fragments. It was shown that fragmentation characteristics required for identification of regio‐isomers of HCQAs can be achieved with in‐source CID fragmentation, enabling the use of a single‐stage MS system with in‐source fragmentation for convincing identification of HCQAs. Based on a thorough validation of identified HCQA compounds using coffee bean extracts as reference samples, comprehensive profiling of HCQAs in two apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genotypes (‘Preventa’ and ‘Gönci magyarkajszi’) was carried out for the first time and the following 10 HCQAs were shown to be present in apricot fruit: 3‐caffeoylquinic acid (CQA), cis‐3‐CQA, 4‐CQA, 5‐CQA, cis‐5‐CQA, 3,5‐diCQA, 3‐p‐coumaroylquinic acid (pCoQA), 4‐pCoQA, 3‐feruloylquinic acid (FQA) and cis‐3‐FQA. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Highlights

An HPLC‐ESI‐Q/TOF‐MS method suitable for the identification of hydroxycinnamoyilquinic acids (HCQAs) in plant material in a non‐targeted manner was developed.
Single‐stage, high‐resolution MS system with in‐source fragmentation was shown to be suitable for convincing identification of HCQAs.
Comprehensive profiling of HCQAs in two apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genotypes was carried out for the first time.
Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early changes in the knee of healer and non‐healer mice following non‐invasive mechanical injury
Authors: Duan Xin , Rai Muhammad Farooq , Holguin Nilsson , Silva Matthew J. , Patra Debabrata , Liao Weiming , Sandell Linda J. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIn this study, we examined early time‐dependent changes in articular cartilage and synovium in response to tibial compression and sought the plausible origin of cells that respond to compression in the healer (LGXSM‐6) and non‐healer (LGXSM‐33) recombinant inbred mouse strains. The right knee of 13‐week old male mice was subjected to tibial compression using 9N axial loading. The contralateral left knee served as a control. Knees were harvested at 5, 9, and 14 days post‐injury. Histological changes in cartilage and synovium, immunofluorescence pattern of CD44, aggrecan, type‐II collagen, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and the aggrecan neo‐epitope NITEGE, and cell apoptosis (by TUNEL) were examined. We used a double nucleoside analog cell‐labeling strategy to trace cells responsive to injury. We showed that tibial compression resulted in rupture of anterior cruciate ligament, cartilage matrix loss and chondrocyte apoptosis at the injury site. LGXSM‐33 showed higher synovitis and ectopic synovial chondrogenesis than LGXSM‐6 with no differences for articular cartilage lesions. With loading, an altered pattern of CD44 and NITEGE was observed: cells in the impacted area underwent apoptosis, cells closely surrounding the injured area expressed CD44, and cells in the intact area expressed NITEGE. Cells responding to injury were found in the synovium, subchondral bone marrow and the Groove of Ranvier. Taken together, we found no strain differences in chondrocytes in the early response to injury. However, the synovial response was greater in LGXSM‐33 indicating that, at early time points, there is a genetic difference in synovial cell reaction to injury. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:524–536, 2017.
Valuing Ecosystem Services in Semi‐arid Rangelands through Stochastic Simulation
Authors: Favretto Nicola , Luedeling Eike , Stringer Lindsay C. , Dougill Andrew J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractEcosystem services and economic returns from semi‐arid rangelands are threatened by land degradation. Policies to improve ecosystem service delivery often fail to consider uncertainty in economic returns gained through different land uses and management practices. We apply an analytical framework using stochastic simulation to estimate the range of potential monetary outcomes of rangeland ecosystem services under different land uses, including consideration of the uncertainty and variability of model parameters. We assess monetary and non‐monetary dimensions, including those ecosystem services with uncertain and missing information, for communal rangelands, commercial ranches, game farms and Wildlife Management Areas in southern Kgalagadi District, Botswana. Public land uses (communal grazing areas and protected conservation land in Wildlife Management Areas) provide higher economic value than private land uses (commercial ranches and game farms), despite private land uses being more profitable in their returns from meat production. Communal rangelands and protected areas are important for a broader range of ecosystem services (cultural/spiritual services, recreation, firewood, construction material and wild food), which play a key role in sustaining the livelihoods of the largest share of society. The full range of ecosystem services should therefore be considered in economic assessments, while policies targeting sustainable land management should value and support their provision and utilisation. By forecasting the range of plausible ecosystem values of different rangeland land uses in monetary terms, our analysis provides policymakers with a tool to assess outcomes of land use and management decisions and policies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time‐efficient measurement of multi‐phase arterial spin labeling MR signal in white matter
Authors: Zhang X. , Ronen I. , Kan H.E. , Teeuwisse W.M. , van Osch M.J.P. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWhite matter (WM) perfusion has great potential as a physiological biomarker in many neurological diseases. Although it has been demonstrated previously that arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL‐MRI) enables the detection of the perfusion‐weighted signal in most voxels in WM, studies of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in WM by ASL‐MRI are relatively scarce because of its particular challenges, such as significantly lower perfusion and longer arterial transit times relative to gray matter (GM). Recently, ASL with a spectroscopic readout has been proposed to enhance the sensitivity for the measurement of WM perfusion. However, this approach suffers from long acquisition times, especially when acquiring multi‐phase ASL datasets to improve CBF quantification. Furthermore, the potential increase in the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) by spectroscopic readout compared with echo planar imaging (EPI) readout has not been proven experimentally. In this study, we propose the use of time‐encoded pseudo‐continuous ASL (te‐pCASL) with single‐voxel point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) readout to quantify WM cerebral perfusion in a more time‐efficient manner. Results are compared with te‐pCASL with a conventional EPI readout for both WM and GM perfusion measurements. Perfusion measurements by te‐pCASL PRESS and conventional EPI showed no significant difference for quantitative WM CBF values (Student's t‐test, p = 0.19) or temporal SNR (p = 0.33 and p = 0.81 for GM and WM, respectively), whereas GM CBF values (p = 0.016) were higher using PRESS than EPI readout. WM CBF values were found to be 18.2 ± 7.6 mL/100 g/min (PRESS) and 12.5 ± 5.5 mL/100 g/min (EPI), whereas GM CBF values were found to be 77.1 ± 11.2 mL/100 g/min (PRESS) and 53.6 ± 9.6 mL/100 g/min (EPI). This study demonstrates the feasibility of te‐pCASL PRESS for the quantification of WM perfusion changes in a highly time‐efficient manner, but it does not result in improved temporal SNR, as does traditional te‐pCASL EPI, which remains the preferred option because of its flexibility in use.
Time integration of mechanical systems with elastohydrodynamic lubricated joints using Quasi‐Newton method and projection formulations
Authors: Krinner A. , Schindler T. , J. Rixen D. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis work deals with the efficient time integration of mechanical systems with elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubricated joints. Two novel approaches are presented. First, a projection function is used to formulate the well‐known Swift–Stieber cavitation condition and the mass‐conservative cavitation condition of Elrod as an unconstrained problem. Based on this formulation, the pressure variable from the EHD problem is added to the dynamic equations of a multi‐body system in a monolithic manner so that cavitation is solved within a global iteration. Compared with a partitioned state‐of‐the‐art formulation, where the pressure is solved locally in a nonlinear force element, this global search reduces simulation time.Second, a Quasi‐Newton method of DeGroote is applied during time integration to solve the nonlinear relation between pressure and deformation. Compared with a simplified Newton method, the calculation of the time‐consuming parts of the Jacobian are avoided, and therefore, simulation time is reduced significantly, when the Jacobian is calculated numerically. Solution strategies with the Quasi‐Newton method are presented for the partitioned formulation as well as for the new DAE formulations with projection function. Results are given for a simulation example of a rigid shaft in a flexible bearing. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Late Preceramic Forager–Herders from the Copacabana Peninsula in the Titicaca Basin of Bolivia: A Bioarchaeological Analysis
Authors: Juengst S. L. , Chávez S. J. , Hutchinson D. L. , Chávez S. R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe Titicaca Basin of Peru and Bolivia has been occupied by humans for millennia and was home to one of the first major state societies in the Andes. Many foundations of state power, however, developed much earlier, during the Late Preceramic/Terminal Archaic Period (3000 – 1500 BC), when people initially began herding, marking territories, and creating new metallurgy technology. We present a skeletal analysis of 14 individuals dating between 3000 and 1500 BC from Muruqullu, an archaeological site on the Copacabana Peninsula of Bolivia. These are the first Preceramic burials documented for the peninsula and contribute to the relatively small sample of Preceramic bodies from the Andean highlands more broadly. From this sample, we suggest that highland foragers and early herders suffered little nutritional stress and had limited violent interactions, perhaps related to a relatively mobile lifestyle and utilisation of lake resources. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relative preferences in the abuse of immediate‐release versus extended‐release opioids in a sample of treatment‐seeking opioid abusers
Authors: Cicero Theodore J. , Ellis Matthew S. , Kasper Zachary A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPurposeAlthough differences in the pharmacological properties of immediate‐release (IR) and extended‐release (ER) opioid formulations have been reported, there are few studies comparing the real world abuse and relative preferences for these formulations.MethodsTo examine drug preferences, we used a structured survey of 8304 individuals entering treatment (2011–2014) for opioid use disorder followed by a more focused online survey (2014–2015) with a subset of these patients (N = 301).ResultsOur results demonstrated that both ER and IR opioids were frequently abused by those with an opioid use disorder in terms of lifetime (91.0% vs. 98.7%, respectively) or past month (46.1% vs. 67.4%, respectively) abuse, but given the choice, only 4% of the sample selected ER compounds as their preferred formulation. The remainder had no preference (29.9%) or a distinct preference for IR formulations (66.1%), regardless of route of administration—oral or non‐oral (smoking/snorting or injecting). This preference for IR formulations seems to be related to: (i) the perceived immediacy and quality of the high (73.0%) from IR products; and (ii) they were easier to use, particularly when manipulated for non‐oral abuse, than ER products (31.2%).ConclusionsBased on these results, while most abusers have experience with both formulations, there is a greater preference for IR formulations, compared to ER, regardless of route of administration. As a result, it may not be unreasonable to suggest that supply‐side initiatives to restrict the diversion and abuse of prescription opioids may be just as important for both IR and ER opioids. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Negative ion mode atmospheric pressure ionization methods in lignin mass spectrometry: A comparative study
Authors: Kosyakov Dmitry S. , Ul'yanovskii Nikolay V. , Anikeenko Elena A. , Gorbova Natalia S. 
Published: September 2016

RationaleMass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure ionization is the most promising method for studying the structure of natural lignin, which is the second most abundant biopolymer in nature. The goal of this study is to compare the efficiency and characteristics of different types of ionization techniques (ESI, APCI, and APPI) in the negative ion mode by the example of softwood lignin.MethodsAs the subjects of the study, we selected a preparation of spruce dioxane lignin and several phenols, simulating the basic structural fragments of the lignin macromolecule. High‐resolution mass spectra were recorded using an Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Acetone was used as a solvent for samples and a dopant in photoionization mode. The ionization conditions were optimized to achieve the maximum intensity of the mass spectra.ResultsThe formation of deprotonated lignin molecules is characteristic of all the studied types of ionization; partial fragmentation of the biopolymer occurs in all ionization modes. ESI in the presence of ammonia yields low‐intensity signals, leads to a significant decrease in ionization efficiency with increasing molecular weight of lignin oligomers, gives high‐intensity impurity peaks in the mass spectra, and demonstrates selectivity for more polar structures. The ionization efficiency increases sharply in the order of ESI < APCI < APPI. The two latter methods are characterized by similar mechanisms of ionization; they ensure detection of approximately 1900 spruce lignin oligomers in the range of molecular weights up to 1.8 kDa. The determination of the elemental composition of oligolignols enabled the four main groups of compounds to be distinguished.ConclusionsPhotoionization using acetone as a dopant is distinguished by a significantly higher intensity of signals and the lowest sensitivity to contaminants present in the lignin preparation. This ionization method can be considered as preferred for studying the dioxane lignin preparations of woody plants. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Target and non‐target identification of chemical components in Lamiophlomis rotata by liquid chromatography/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry using a three‐step protocol
Authors: Wu Liang , Li Lin , Wang Meng , Shan Chenxiao , Cui Xiaobing , Wang Jiaying , Ding Ning , Yu Dan , Tang Yuping 
Published: September 2016

RationaleAs a herbal plant used in traditional Chinese medicine, Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo mainly displays its pharmacological effect by promoting blood circulation and hemostasis, dispelling wind, and acting as an analgesic. To identify the components contained in L. rotata, global detection and structural elucidation of both target and non‐target components in the medicinal material was performed.MethodsL. rotata was ultrasonically extracted with methanol. Separation and analysis were achieved using liquid chromatography/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC/QTOF‐MS). A three‐step protocol which included (1) potential components screening, (2) collection of qualitative information, and (3) database searching and structural elucidation was used for target and non‐target identification.ResultsA total of 42 components were tentatively identified, which included 12 iridoids (2 aglycones and 10 glucosides), 11 flavonoids (4 aglycones and 7 glucosides), and 13 phenylethanoid glycosides. Moreover, components of L. rotata extract belonging to the three main structural categories could be well separated in a 3D point plot according to their retention times, mass defects and degrees of unsaturation, facilitating the structural classification and identification in the subsequent studies.ConclusionsThe results provide a reasonable picture of the components contained in L. rotata extract and promote the further pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic characterization of this medical material, meanwhile demonstrating the utility of a universal methodology for the systematical study of herbal medicines. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Worst‐case stability and performance with mixed parametric and dynamic uncertainties
Authors: Apkarian Pierre , Noll Dominikus 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis work deals with computing the worst‐case stability and the worst‐case H∞ performance of linear time‐invariant systems subject to mixed real‐parametric and complex‐dynamic uncertainties in a compact parameter set. Our novel algorithmic approach is tailored to the properties of the nonsmooth worst‐case functions associated with stability and performance, and this leads to a fast and reliable optimization method, which finds good lower bounds of μ. We justify our approach theoretically by proving a local convergence certificate. Because computing μ is known to be NP‐hard, our technique should be used in tandem with a classical μ upper bound to assess global optimality. Extensive testing indicates that the technique is practically attractive. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust consensus control of uncertain multi‐agent systems with input delay: a model reduction method
Authors: Zuo Zongyu , Wang Chunyan , Ding Zhengtao 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis paper addresses the robust consensus control design for input‐delayed multi‐agent systems subject to parametric uncertainties. To deal with the input delay, the Artstein model reduction method is employed by a state transformation. The input‐dependent integral term that remains in the transformed system, owing to the model uncertainties, is judiciously analysed. By carefully exploring certain features of the Laplacian matrix, sufficient conditions for the global consensus under directed communication topology are identified using Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals in the time domain. The proposed control only relies on relative state information of the subsystems via network connections. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control design are demonstrated through a numerical simulation example. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear observer design for one‐sided Lipschitz systems with time‐varying delay and uncertainties
Authors: Dong Yali , Liu Wanjun , Liang Shuang 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis paper investigates the problem of state observer design for a class of nonlinear uncertain dynamical systems with interval time‐varying delay and the one‐sided Lipschitz condition. By constructing the novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional while utilizing the free‐weighting matrices approach, the one‐sided Lipschitz condition and the quadratic inner‐bounded condition, novel sufficient conditions, which guarantee the observer error converge asymptotically to zero, are established for a class of nonlinear dynamical systems with interval time‐varying delay in terms of the linear matrix inequalities. The computing method for observer gain matrix is given. Finally, two examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reimagining watershed restoration: a call for new investment and support structures for greater resiliency and long‐term impact
Authors: Warren Robert F. , Reeve Todd , Arnold Jennifer S. 
Published: September 2016

Hundreds of locally based watershed initiatives have mobilized stakeholders to take voluntary action to restore the ecological conditions of North America's watersheds. Lead organizations rely on project‐based grant funding, alignment with government programs, and volunteerism to incrementally restore what is ultimately a vast and complex ecosystem. Structurally, the vision and goals of these initiatives often exceed available resources and capacity. In 1999, the Bonneville Environmental Foundation began to test ways by which a funder might increase the capacity of local watershed organizations to achieve long‐term watershed restoration goals through a 10‐year commitment of funding and technical support. We partnered with other funders, collectively seeking solutions to increase the impact of this work. Reflecting on 13 years experience across 21 watersheds in 7 western states (USA), we have concluded that the scale of ecological change desired requires a time frame for planning, implementation, and public engagement that is inconsistent with present‐day approaches. This has left us asking how can the capacity and impact of a watershed initiative be sustained over many decades—a time frame that exceeds the tenure of any individual leader, the proven life cycles of many nonprofit organizations, and the commitment of most funders? Clear themes have emerged: (1) engaging diverse stakeholders in planning, (2) orienting the work around broader goals, (3) emphasizing human well‐being, and (4) developing resilient partnerships. Reimagining watershed restoration in this context, we suggest a new agenda for action and research that emphasizes a multidecadal planning horizon integrating climate change projections and changing demographics and social values. WIREs Water 2017, 4:e1174. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1174This article is categorized under:

Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water > Water Governance