bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Welfare States and Labour Market Change: What is the Possible Relation?
Authors: Greve Bent 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWelfare states in many countries have, at least since the financial crisis, been under strong pressure from high levels of unemployment. We are expecting dramatic changes to labour markets. This article first presents the various arguments as to why there have or have not been substantial changes to labour markets, and whether there might be in the future, including arguments pro and con the possible impact thereof. The article thus provides a review of knowledge within the field, with a focus especially on how this can or might have an impact on welfare states, given the often strong connection between being on the labour market, access to a variety of welfare benefits and the ability to finance welfare states. It uses concepts such as under‐employment and new forms of jobs as indicators of change. These changes implying, more than ever, that having a job does not necessarily entail that a person has a stable and solid income above the poverty level. Lastly, the article discusses whether some welfare states regime types are more prepared than others.
Genome Sequence of the Nonconventional Wine Yeast
Hanseniaspora guilliermondii
UTAD222
Authors: Seixas Isabel , Barbosa Catarina , Salazar Sara B. , Mendes-Faia Arlete , Wang Yu , Güldener Ulrich , Mendes-Ferreira Ana , Mira Nuno P. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

In this work, we disclose the genome sequence and a corresponding manually curated annotation of the non-
Saccharomyces
yeast
Hanseniaspora guilliermondii
UTAD222, a strain shown to have interesting oenological traits for the production of wines with improved aromatic properties.
The Genome Sequence of an Oxytetracycline-Resistant Isolate of the Fish Pathogen Piscirickettsia salmonis Harbors a Multidrug Resistance Plasmid
Authors: Bohle Harry , Henríquez Patricio , Grothusen Horst , Navas Esteban , Bustamante Fernando , Bustos Patricio , Mancilla Marcos 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

The amount of antibiotics needed to counteract frequent piscirickettsiosis outbreaks is a major concern for the Chilean salmon industry. Resistance to antibiotics may contribute to this issue. To understand the genetics underlying
Piscirickettsia salmonis
-resistant phenotypes, the genome of AY3800B, an oxytetracycline-resistant isolate bearing a multidrug resistance plasmid, is presented here.
Decreases in maximal oxygen uptake following long-duration spaceflight: Role of convective and diffusive O2 transport mechanisms
Authors: Ade C. J. , Broxterman R. M. , Moore A. D. , Barstow T. J. 
Published: February 2017

We have previously predicted that the decrease in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2max) that accompanies time in microgravity reflects decrements in both convective and diffusive O2 transport to the mitochondria of the contracting myocytes. The aim of this investigation was therefore to quantify the relative changes in convective O2 transport (Q̇o2) and O2 diffusing capacity (Do2) following long-duration spaceflight. In nine astronauts, resting hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), V̇o2max, maximal cardiac output (Q̇Tmax), and differences in arterial and venous O2 contents ([Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]) were obtained retrospectively for International Space Station Increments 19–33 (April 2009–November 2012). Q̇o2 and Do2 were calculated from these variables via integration of Fick’s Principle of Mass Conservation and Fick’s Law of Diffusion. V̇o2max significantly decreased from pre- to postflight (−53.9 ± 45.5%, P = 0.008). The significant decrease in Q̇Tmax (−7.8 ± 9.1%, P = 0.05), despite an unchanged [Hb], resulted in a significantly decreased Q̇o2 (−11.4 ± 10.5%, P = 0.02). Do2 significantly decreased from pre- to postflight by −27.5 ± 24.5% ( P = 0.04), as did the peak [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] (−9.2 ± 7.5%, P = 0.007). With the use of linear regression analysis, changes in V̇o2max were significantly correlated with changes in Do2 ( R2 = 0.47; P = 0.04). These data suggest that spaceflight decreases both convective and diffusive O2 transport. These results have practical implications for future long-duration space missions and highlight the need to resolve the specific mechanisms underlying these spaceflight-induced changes along the O2 transport pathway. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Long-duration spaceflight elicited a significant decrease in maximal oxygen uptake. Given the adverse physiological adaptations to microgravity along the O2 transport pathway that have been reported, an integrative approach to the determinants of postflight maximal oxygen uptake is needed. We demonstrate that both convective and diffusive oxygen transport are decreased following ~6 mo International Space Station missions.
Pemetaan batimetri sebagai informasi dasar untuk penempatan fish apartment di perairan Bangsring, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur (Bathymetry mapping as basic information for fish apartment placement in Bangsring waters, Banyuwangi, East Java)
Authors: Fuad M. Arif Zainul , Sambah Abu Bakar , Isdianto Andik , Andira Awalrush 
Published: February 2017

The objective of the present research was to map the bathymetry of the Bangsring coastal area, Banyuwangi. Depth data obtained are used to consider the suitable location for fish apartment placement. The depth of the water was measured using a single beam echosounder with a frequency of 50 Hz. The data obtained by sounding process corrected by Tidal data. The tidal data measured during sampling with the observation interval of 30 minutes. The tidal correction was performed to get the depth value relative to lowest Water Surface (LWS). The results showed the depth of the Bangsring coastal area ranged from 2-49 meters. The deepest region is in the southeast of the research area. Based on the depth of the waters, the locations that can be an alternative placement of fish apartment is located by distance of 200- 250 meters in front of Bangsring coastal area with total area approximately 30 HaPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan kedalaman perairan Bangsring, Banyuwangi. Data kedalaman yang didapat dari pemeruman selanjutnya digunakan sebagai pertimbangan untuk mencari alternatif lokasi penempatan fish apartment. Kedalaman perairan di ukur menggunakan Single Beam Echosounder dengan frekuensi 50 Hz. Pemeruman dilakukan selama 2 hari yaitu pada tanggal 17 dan 18 Maret 2016 dengan metode zig zag . Hasil pengukuran kedalaman selanjutnya di koreksi terhadap pasang surut. Pasang surut diukur selama pelaksanaan pemeruman dengan interval pengamatan 30 menit. Koreksi pasang surut dilakukan untuk mendapatkan nilai kedalaman relatif terhadap Lowest Water Surface (LWS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kedalaman Perairan Bangsring Berkisar antara 2-49 meter. Wilayah terdalam berada dibagian tenggara area penelitian. Berdasarkan kedalaman perairan tersebut, maka lokasi Perairan di Bangsring yang dapat dijadikan alternatif penempatan fish apartment adalah di perairan depan pantai bagian timur dengan jarak sejauh 200-250 meter dari garis pantai Bangsring dengan luas 30 Ha
Handling of Uncertainties in Attributing Thermoshock in Fibrous Concrete Strength: A Probabilistic Approach
Authors: Elangovan G. , Rajanandhini V.M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHallmark professionalism in probabilistic analysis is to quantify the uncertainties involved in construction materials subject to intrinsic randomness in its physical and mechanical properties and is now gaining popularity in civil engineering arena. As well, knowledge of behaviour of materials is continuously evolving and its statistical descriptors are also changing when more and more data collected or even data updated and hence reliability analysis has to be carried out with the updated data as a continuous process. As per the committee report ACI 544.2R, it is found that there is no attempt made for probabilistic relation between cube compressive strength and cylinder compressive strength for fiber reinforced concrete. In consequence of this report, a robust relation between cube and cylinder of experimentally conducted compressive strength was established by Monte-Carlo simulation technique for different types of fibrous concrete like steel, alkali resistant glass and polyester fibrous concrete before and after thermoshock considering various uncertainties. Nevertheless simulated probabilistic modals, characteristic modals, optimized factor of safety and allowable designed cylinder compressive strength have been developed from the drawn probability of failure graph, which exhibits robust performance in realistic Civil Engineering materials and structures.
Major Constructional Dispute Causes in Turkey
Authors: Yildizel S.A. , Dogan E. , Kaplan G. , Ergut A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe possibility of construction disputes can be reduced, but they cannot be avoided due to the uncertain and risky nature of the building industry. Conflicts between construction parties often have very unfavourable effects, such as cost increases, poor construction quality and time extension in the schedule. Lots of studies have been carried out in order to try and avoid these disagreements. However, there are no common resolution tools or techniques due to the improving conditions and scope of contracted works. Advanced methods and dispute reasons should be fully monitored and updated for the applicable solutions. This paper discusses the current major constructional dispute reasons in Turkey. The questionnaire method was applied within the scope of this study. The questionnaire documents were randomly distributed to 80 contractors to analyse major dispute reasons in Turkey. Analysis of the questionnaire results indicates that the major current dispute causes are poor quality of performed works, delays in progress payments, inefficient site management, poorly written contracts and design mistakes.
Mental Toughness in Talented Youth Tennis Players: A Comparison Between on-Court Observations and a Self-Reported Measure
Authors: Houwer Ruben , Kramer Tamara , Hartigh Ruud den , Kolman Nikki , Elferink-Gemser Marije , Huijgen Barbara 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In tennis, mental toughness is often considered highly important in achieving the elite level. The current study is the first to examine behavioural expressions of mental toughness on the court and their relationships with self-reported measures. Based on the input of five experienced tennis coaches of junior tennis players and behaviours used in previous studies, we developed a taxonomy consisting of six positive behaviours and ten negative ones. To investigate the relationship between these on-court behaviours of mental toughness and how the players rated their own mental toughness, emotional control in particular, six talented tennis players (aged 10-13) were recorded during tennis matches and filled out the self-reported measure of mental toughness (MTQ48). The intra- and inter-rater reliability of the taxonomy was high. With regard to the relationships between on-court behaviours and self-reported mental toughness (total score and subscale emotional control), results revealed no significant correlations between the ratios of positive and negative behaviours (range r = -0.49 - 0.11, p > 0.05) or between the variability of negative behaviours (r = 0.54 & r = 0.10, p > 0.05) and the self-reported measure. However, interestingly, we found negative correlations between the variability of positive behaviours and self-reported mental toughness (r = -0.93 & r = -0.84, ρ < 0.05). These results indicate that variability in on-court behaviours provides interesting information about tennis players’ mental toughness, more specifically on the (in)stability of their psychological state during a match.
Molecular Design of Organically-Modified ‘Smart’ Sol-Gel Materials
Authors: Rao Mukti S. , Dave Bakul C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe design, synthesis and stimuli-responsive behavior of organically-modified silicates (ORMOSILS) is reported. The ORMOSILS behave as ‘smart’ materials by undergoing structural changes at the molecular level to respond to changes in environmental variables. Typical responses in the form of swelling/shrinkage with respect to changes in temperature, pH, and salt concentrations are presented. Finally, the nature of predominant mechanism responsible for the sol-gel's behavior towards combined stimuli of high temperature and low pH is discussed.
Time Dependence of the Segregation of Diffusing Solute in Nanocrystalline Materials
Authors: Belova Irina V , Murch Graeme E 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAt long times the effective solute diffusivity can be described by the (modified) Hart-Mortlock and Maxwell-Garnett equations for diffusion parallel and perpendicular to the grain boundary respectively. In this paper we analyze for the first time the time dependence of the effective solute diffusivity for these conditions. We assume that there are local regions (delineated by the diffusion length) in the grains adjacent to the grain boundary where the solute is equilibrated with the grain boundary. We write equations for the effective solute diffusivity with this assumption. Comparison with Monte Carlo simulations shows that this is quite a reasonable approximation for solute diffusion parallel to the grain boundary. For diffusion perpendicular to the grain boundary it is only a fair approximation unless the segregation is weak.
Modeling and Numerical Simulations of Microdiffraction from Deformed Crystals
Authors: Barabash R.I. , Ice G.E. , Walker F.J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBrilliant synchrotron microprobes offer new opportunities for the analysis of stress/strain and deformation distributions in crystalline materials. Polychromatic x-ray microdiffraction is emerging as a particularly important tool because it allows for local crystal-structure measurements in highly deformed or polycrystalline materials where sample rotations complicate alternative methods; a complete Laue pattern is generated in each volume element intercepted by the probe beam. Although a straightforward approach to the measurement of stress/strain fields through white-beam Laue microdiffraction has been demonstrated, a comparable method for determining the plastic-deformation tensor has not been established. Here we report on modeling efforts that can guide automated fitting of plastic-deformation-tensor distributions in three dimensions.
Multiscale Modeling of Point Defects and Free Surfaces in Semi-infinite Solids
Authors: Tewary V.K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA Green's function method is described for multiscale modeling of point defects such as vacancies and interstitials at the atomistic level and extended defects such as free surfaces and interfaces at the macroscopic continuum level in a solid. The point defects are represented in terms of Kanzaki forces using the lattice-statics Green's function, which can model a large crystallite containing a million atoms without excessive CPU effort. The lattice-statics Green's function reduces to the continuum Green's function in the asymptotic limit which is used to model the extended defects by imposing continuum- model boundary conditions. Numerical results are presented for the displacement field on the free surface due to a vacancy in semi-infinite fcc copper.
Терапія післяопераційного делірію
Authors: Pavlov O.O. , Lutsyk S.A. 
Published: February 2017

За сучасною класифікацією, післяопераційний делірій визначається як гостре порушення свідомості зі зниженою здатністю зосереджуватися, підтримувати або переключати увагу та супроводжується змінами перцепції. Перебіг післяопераційного періоду знаходиться під багатофакторним впливом різних чинників. Зниження активності гамма-аміномасляної кислоти, аномальні порушення метаболізму мелатоніну та серотоніну поряд із гіперпродукцією норадреналіну призводять до підвищення вивільнення інтерлейкінів-1 (IL-1) та IL-6, внаслідок чого уражаються нейрони, виникає церебральна гіпоперфузія, що є можливим патогенетичним механізмом. В післяопераційному періоді у хворих, які перенесли хірургічні процедури й анестезію, як правило, виникає через 1–3 доби. Частота розвитку делірію у госпіталізованих пацієнтів становить 10–24 % серед усіх госпіталізованих пацієнтів і 37–46 % в хірургічних клініках. У відділенні інтенсивної терапії повідомляється про частоту післяопераційного делірію у 87 % хворих. Загалом частота розвитку делірію в післяопераційному періоді варіює в широких межах — від 9 до 87 % і залежить від віку пацієнта і типу операції. Значною мірою на розвиток делірію впливає ступінь операційного стресу. Крім того, зниження інтелектуальних здібностей у передопераційному періоді та наявність хронічних захворювань є незалежними предикторами розвитку делірію у літніх людей. На сьогодні серед медикаментозних методів лікування та профілактики розвитку делірію в післяопераційному періоді доведеним є застосування галоперидолу й аміназину. Існує достатня кількість як окремих, так і багатоцентрових досліджень, що підтверджують ефективність застосування антипсихотичних препаратів першого покоління. Достатня доказова база дозволяє використовувати ці препарати при дослідженні нових лікарських засобів як еталон і з огляду на їхній відомий та передбачений клінічний ефект. Незважаючи на патогномонічну роль ацетилхолінестерази у генерації умов післяопераційного періоду, спірним залишається клінічна ефективність застосування інгібіторів ацетилхолінестерази. На сьогодні не доведено позитивного впливу ривастигміну, донепезилу та галантаміну на частоту розвитку делірію при їхньому використанні як у доопераційному, так і в післяопераційному періоді. Тобто пошук нових препаратів і схем профілактики залишається актуальним питанням анестезіології.
Дисфункція діафрагми в дітей із гострою дихальною недостатністю
Authors: Filyk O.V. 
Published: February 2017

У статті описано основні причини порушення функції діафрагми, клінічне значення її дисфункції. До дослідження включено 8 пацієнтів віком 1–3 роки з дихальною недостатністю (досліджувана група) та 10 пацієнтів аналогічного віку без ознак дихальної недостатності (контрольна група). Наведено власні результати ультразвукового дослідження діафрагми при проведенні механічної вентиляції легень у режимах PCV, P-SIMV та при спонтанному диханні через 2 год після екстубації в досліджуваній групі пацієнтів. Вивчено такі показники, як товщина правого та лівого куполів діафрагми, фракція їх стоншення, амплітуда рухів під час дихання, а також наявність десинхронізації при проведенні механічної вентиляції легень. Установлено, що в пацієнтів досліджуваної групи правий купол діафрагми під час вдиху мав вірогідно меншу товщину порівняно з аналогічним показником у контрольній групі пацієнтів, що становила 4,60 ± 0,15 мм при механічній вентиляції легень у режимі PCV, 4,40 ± 0,11 мм — у режимі P-SIMV та 4,50 ± 0,06 мм — при спонтанному диханні порівняно з 5,90 ± 0,21 мм у контрольній групі. Товщина лівого купола діафрагми при вдиху в пацієнтів досліджуваної групи була більшою на всіх етапах проведення механічної вентиляції легень порівняно з контрольною групою пацієнтів та становила 5,10 ± 0,17 мм у режимі PCV, зменшувалася до 4,00 ± 0,12 мм у режимі P-SIMV та до 4,00 ± 0,12 мм під час спонтанного дихання порівняно з 3,40 ± 0,04 мм у контрольній групі пацієнтів. Отже, у дітей із дихальною недостатністю відмічаються дисфункція правого купола діафрагми, а також порушення релаксації лівого купола діафрагми при збереженій його скоротливій здатності.
Chemie mit Überschall: 30 Jahre astrochemische Forschung und künftige Herausforderungen
Authors: Potapov Alexey , Canosa André , Jiménez Elena , Rowe Bertrand 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDas interstellare Medium ist für uns von großem Interesse. Hier werden Sterne und Planeten geboren und wahrscheinlich sind von hier molekulare Vorstufen des Lebens zur Erde gelangt. Um die chemischen Wege zur Bildung von Sternen, Planeten und biologischen Molekülen zu verstehen, sollten astronomische Beobachtungen, astrochemische Modellierung und Laborastrochemie Hand in Hand arbeiten. Hier stellen wir Laborexperimente vor, die sich der Untersuchung der Reaktionsdynamik von astrochemisch interessanten Spezies bei Temperaturen des interstellaren Mediums widmen und die unter Verwendung von CRESU, einer der populärsten Techniken in diesem Bereich, durchgeführt wurden. Außerdem diskutieren wir neue technische Entwicklungen und wissenschaftliche Ideen zur CRESU, die unser Verständnis der astrochemischen Geschichte und Zukunft unseres Universums einen Schritt weiter bringen könnten.
Bigger is better: changes in body size explain a maternal effect of food on offspring disease resistance
Authors: Garbutt Jennie S. , Little Tom J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMaternal effects triggered by changes in the environment (e.g., nutrition or crowding) can influence the outcome of offspring–parasite interactions, with fitness consequences for the host and parasite. Outside of the classic example of antibody transfer in vertebrates, proximate mechanisms have been little studied, and thus, the adaptive significance of maternal effects on infection is not well resolved. We sought to determine why food‐stressed mothers give birth to offspring that show a low rate of infection when the crustaceanDaphnia magnais exposed to an orally infective bacterial pathogen. These more‐resistant offspring are also larger at birth and feed at a lower rate. Thus, reduced disease resistance could result from slow‐feeding offspring ingesting fewer bacterial spores or because their larger size allows for greater immune investment. To distinguish between these theories, we performed an experiment in which we measured body size, feeding rate, and susceptibility, and were able to show that body size is the primary mechanism causing altered susceptibility: LargerDaphniawere less likely to become infected. Contrary to our predictions, there was also a trend that fast‐feedingDaphniawerelesslikely to become infected. Thus, our results explain how a maternal environmental effect can alter offspring disease resistance (though body size), and highlight the potential complexity of relationship between feeding rate and susceptibility in a host that encounters a parasite whilst feeding.
Study of adiabatic connection in density functional theory with an accurate wavefunction for two‐electron spherical systems
Authors: Chauhan Rabeet Singh , Harbola Manoj K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAn accurate semianalytic wavefunction is proposed for the Hookium and two‐electron atoms for varying strength of
where
is the strength parameter and
is coulomb interaction between two electrons. The wavefunction leads to energies that are as accurate as those from the Coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) calculations. Using this wavefunction, we construct the external potential
such that the density of the system remains unchanged as
is varied. The work thus gives a unified picture of adiabatic connection for these systems based on an easy to use wavefunction and complements the past investigations done in this direction. Using the potential obtained, we explicitly calculate the energy of the corresponding positive ions and show that the chemical potential—calculated as the difference between the energies of the two‐electron system and its positive ion—is equal to the experimental ionization energy and remains unchanged as
is varied. Furthermore, using total energies
of these systems as a function of
, we provide a new perspective into a variety of hybrid functionals.