bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor Thickness and Mitotic Rate Robustly Predict Melanoma-Specific Survival in Patients with Primary Vulvar Melanoma: A Retrospective Review of 100 Cases
Authors: Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Curry Jonathan L. , Ning Jing , Piao Jin , Torres-Cabala Carlos A. , Aung Phyu P. , Ivan Doina , Ross Merrick I. , Levenback Charles F. , Frumovitz Michael , Gershenwald Jeffrey E. , Davies Michael A. , Malpica Anais , Prieto Victor G. , Tetzlaff Michael T. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPurpose: Primary vulvar melanoma (PVM) is the second most common vulvar malignancy. Despite their distinct anatomic site and unique molecular–genetic alterations, PVMs are staged according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) guidelines for primary cutaneous melanomas (PCM). However, whether parameters derived for PCM also apply to PVM remain a critical yet largely unexplored clinical question. The objective of this study was to determine the parameters predictive of survival in PVM.Experimental Design: We retrospectively reviewed 100 patients with PVM and determined associations between clinical and histopathologic parameters and disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS).Results: Univariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated older age (&gt;56 years), greater tumor thickness, higher dermal mitotic rate, ulceration, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, microscopic satellitosis, and absence of precursor nevus associated with decreased OS. Furthermore, age, midline, and/or multifocal involvement, greater tumor thickness, higher dermal mitotic rate, ulceration, lack of regression, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and microscopic satellitosis associated with decreased DSS. Multivariate analysis demonstrated tumor thickness, dermal mitotic rate, lymphovascular invasion, microscopic satellitosis, and absence of precursor nevus independently predicted shorter OS. Only tumor thickness and increased dermal mitotic rate (≥2/mm2) independently predicted reduced DSS. In comparison with the AJCC T-category, a novel, bivariate T-category based only on tumor thickness and dermal mitotic rate robustly predicted OS and DSS in our patient cohort.Conclusions: In the largest single institutional study of PVM, we demonstrate a combination of tumor thickness and mitotic rate comprise a simple but robust T-category to direct staging and prognosis. Clin Cancer Res; 23(8); 2093–104. ©2016 AACR.
Deubiquitinase OTUD6B Isoforms Are Important Regulators of Growth and Proliferation
Authors: Sobol Anna , Askonas Caroline , Alani Sara , Weber Megan J. , Ananthanarayanan Vijayalakshmi , Osipo Clodia , Bocchetta Maurizio 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUB) are increasingly linked to the regulation of fundamental processes in normal and cancer cells, including DNA replication and repair, programmed cell death, and oncogenes and tumor suppressor signaling. Here, evidence is presented that the deubiquitinase OTUD6B regulates protein synthesis in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, operating downstream from mTORC1. OTUD6B associates with the protein synthesis initiation complex and modifies components of the 48S preinitiation complex. The two main OTUD6B splicing isoforms seem to regulate protein synthesis in opposing fashions: the long OTUD6B-1 isoform is inhibitory, while the short OTUD6B-2 isoform stimulates protein synthesis. These properties affect NSCLC cell proliferation, because OTUD6B-1 represses DNA synthesis while OTUD6B-2 promotes it. Mutational analysis and downstream mediators suggest that the two OTUD6B isoforms modify different cellular targets. OTUD6B-2 influences the expression of cyclin D1 by promoting its translation while regulating (directly or indirectly) c-Myc protein stability. This phenomenon appears to have clinical relevance as NSCLC cells and human tumor specimens have a reduced OTUD6B-1/OTUD6B-2 mRNA ratio compared with normal samples. The global OTUD6B expression level does not change significantly between nonneoplastic and malignant tissues, suggesting that modifications of splicing factors during the process of transformation are responsible for this isoform switch.
Implications: Because protein synthesis inhibition is a viable treatment strategy for NSCLC, these data indicate that OTUD6B isoform 2, being specifically linked to NSCLC growth, represents an attractive, novel therapeutic target and potential biomarker for early diagnosis of malignant NSCLC. Mol Cancer Res; 15(2); 117–27. ©2016 AACR.
Endoscopic Management of Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis
Authors: Shabani Sepehr , Hoffman Matthew R. , Brand William T. , Dailey Seth H. 
Published: November 2016

Objective: To describe a homogeneous idiopathic subglottic stenosis (ISS) population undergoing endoscopic balloon dilation and evaluate factors affecting inter-dilation interval (IDI). Methods: Retrospective review of 37 patients. Co-morbidity prevalence versus normal population was evaluated using chi-square tests. Correlations were evaluated using Pearson product moment tests. Independent samples t tests/rank sum tests assessed differences between groups of interest. Results: All patients were female aged 45.9 ± 15.4 years at diagnosis. Four required a tracheotomy during management. Most prevalent co-morbidity was gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (64.9%; P = .036). Body mass indices (BMI) at first and most recent dilation were 29.8 and 30.8 ( P = .564). Degree of stenosis before first dilation was 53 ± 14%. Patients underwent 3.8 ± 1.8 dilations (range, 1-11). Average IDI was 635 ± 615 days (range, 49-3130 days), including 556 ± 397 days for patients receiving concomitant steroid injection and 283 ± 36 for those who did not ( P = .079). Inter-dilation interval was not correlated with BMI ( r = 0.0486; P = .802) or number of co-morbidities ( r = −0.225, P = .223). Conclusions: Most patients with ISS can be managed endoscopically, and IDI may be increased with steroid injection. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a common co-morbidity. Body mass index did not change over time despite potential effects on exercise tolerance; BMI did not affect IDI. Methods to determine optimal timing for next intervention are warranted.
Is visceral flow during intra-aortic balloon pumping size or volume dependent?
Authors: Gelsomino Sandro , Lozekoot Pieter W.J. , de Jong Monique M.J. , Lucà Fabiana , Parise Orlando , Matteucci Francesco , Romano Mario , Hossien Abdullrazak , La Meir Mark , Marchionni Niccolò , Maessen Jos G. , Lorusso Roberto 
Published: November 2016

Aim: We evaluated the influence of intra-aortic balloon size and volume on mesenteric and renal flows. Methods: Thirty healthy swine underwent 120-minute ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by 6 hours of reperfusion. Then, they were randomly assigned to the following five groups of animals, with six animals in each group: no intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), a short 35-mL IABP, a short 40-mL IABP, a long 35-mL IABP and a long 40-mL IABP. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and renal flows were measured at baseline (t0), at 2-hour ischemia (t1) and every hour thereafter until 6 hours of reperfusion (from tR1 to tR6). Results: SMA flows increased significantly at tR1 only in the two short IABP groups (p<0.001) and balloon volume did not appear to affect flows which, at any experimental time-point, were comparable using 35 mL or 40 mL balloons (p>0.05). Renal flows appeared to be influenced by balloon length, but not by volume. Indeed, flows in the renal arteries rose during IABP treatment; the increase was significantly higher in the short balloon groups and throughout the whole reperfusion (all, p<0.001). Conclusions: Changes in visceral perfusion during IABP assistance were significantly related to balloon length, but not to its volume. This could be relevant for the evolution of balloon engineering design in order to reduce the incidence of mesenteric ischemia following IABP. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings.
Incidence of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing breast reconstruction with autologous tissue transfer
Authors: Konoeda Hisato , Yamaki Takashi , Hamahata Atsumori , Ochi Masakazu , Osada Atsuyoshi , Hasegawa Yuki , Kirita Miho , Sakurai Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2016

Background Breast reconstruction is associated with multiple risk factors for venous thromboembolism. However, the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing breast reconstruction is uncertain. Objective The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing breast reconstruction using autologous tissue transfer and to identify potential risk factors for deep vein thrombosis. Methods Thirty-five patients undergoing breast reconstruction were enrolled. We measured patients’ preoperative characteristics including age, body mass index (kg/m2), and risk factors for deep vein thrombosis. The preoperative diameter of each venous segment in the deep veins was measured using duplex ultrasound. All patients received intermittent pneumatic pump and elastic compression stockings for postoperative thromboprophylaxis. Results Among the 35 patients evaluated, 11 (31.4%) were found to have deep vein thrombosis postoperatively, and one patient was found to have pulmonary embolism postoperatively. All instances of deep vein thrombosis developed in the calf and were asymptomatic. Ten of 11 patients underwent free flap transfer, and the remaining one patient received a latissimus dorsi pedicled flap. Deep vein thrombosis incidence did not significantly differ between patients with a free flap or pedicled flap (P = 0.13). Documented risk factors for deep vein thrombosis demonstrated no significant differences between patients with and without deep vein thrombosis. The diameter of the common femoral vein was significantly larger in patients who developed postoperative deep vein thrombosis than in those who did not ( P < 0.05). Conclusions The morbidity of deep vein thrombosis in patients who underwent breast reconstruction using autologous tissue transfer was relatively high. Since only the diameter of the common femoral vein was predictive of developing postoperative deep vein thrombosis, postoperative pharmacological thromboprophylaxis should be considered for all patients undergoing breast reconstruction regardless of operative procedure.
Thiamet G mediates neuroprotection in experimental stroke by modulating microglia/macrophage polarization and inhibiting NF-κB p65 signaling
Authors: He Yating , Ma Xiaofeng , Li Daojing , Hao Junwei 
Published: November 2016

Inflammatory responses are accountable for secondary injury induced by acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Previous studies indicated that O-GlcNAc modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is involved in the pathology of AIS, and increase of O-GlcNAcylation by glucosamine attenuated the brain damage after ischemia/reperfusion. Inhibition of β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (OGA) with thiamet G (TMG) is an alternative option for accumulating O-GlcNAcylated proteins. In this study, we investigate the neuroprotective effect of TMG in a mouse model of experimental stroke. Our results indicate that TMG administration either before or after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery dramatically reduced infarct volume compared with that in untreated controls. TMG treatment ameliorated the neurological deficits and improved clinical outcomes in neurobehavioral tests by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, TMG administration reduced the number of Iba1+ cells in MCAO mice, decreased expression of the M1 markers, and increased expression of the M2 markers in vivo. In vitro, M1 polarization of BV2 cells was inhibited by TMG treatment. Moreover, TMG decreased the expression of iNOS and COX2 mainly by suppressing NF-κB p65 signaling. These results suggest that TMG exerts a neuroprotective effect and could be useful as an anti-inflammatory agent for ischemic stroke therapy.
Value of dynamic MRI using the Ktrans technique for assessment of native kidneys in pre-emptive renal transplantation
Authors: Sade Recep , Kantarci Mecit , Karaca Leyla , Okur Aylin , Ogul Hayri , Keles Mustafa , Çankaya Erdem , Ayan Arif Kursad 
Published: November 2016

Background Different non-invasive imaging techniques such as Doppler ultrasonography and renal scintigraphy are commonly employed to assess allograft function and associated complications. However, all such methods lack sufficient specificity to discriminate between residual renal function of native kidneys. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) evaluates signal dynamics during the passage of contrast material through the renal cortex, medulla, and collecting system. Purpose To investigate the value of DCE 3T MRI using a quantitative pharmacokinetic parameter (Ktrans) for the assessment of native kidneys before and after pre-emptive renal transplantation. Material and Methods Twenty-five consecutive patients with end-stage renal disease underwent DCE MRI before and 6 months after kidney transplantation. MRI was performed using a 3T scanner. Regions of interests were drawn over each kidney, encompassing the cortex and medulla but excluding the collecting system and any coexisting cysts. Parametric Ktrans values were automatically generated. Results In the pre-transplantation group, mean Ktrans values for the right and left kidneys were 0.55 ± 0.09 min–1 and 0.44 ± 0.15 min–1, respectively. In the post-transplantation group, mean Ktrans values of the right and left kidneys were 0.27 ± 0.07 min–1 and 0.25 ± 0.10 min–1, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between right and left kidneys in terms of mean Ktrans values in the pre- and post-transplantation groups ( P < 0.001). Conclusion Our preliminary results show that native kidneys were still functioning 6 months after transplantation. MR perfusion using Ktrans may constitute a non-invasive means of determination of the viability of native kidneys after renal transplantation.
Nostril Advantage in Trigeminal/Olfactory Perception and Its Relation to Handedness
Authors: Manescu Simona , Daniel Benjhyna , Filiou Renée-Pier , Lepore Franco , Frasnelli Johannes 
Published: November 2016

Introduction Few studies investigated nostril-advantage in chemosensory perception, particularly, in relation to handedness. The aim of the present article was therefore to assess whether trigeminal/olfactory perception is altered by handedness. Methods We tested 50 (all right-handed) and 43 (22 left-handed) participants in Studies 1 and 2, respectively. We used binary mixtures of cinnamaldehyde and eucalyptol, in different proportions presented as physical mixtures (the same exact mixture presented birhinally to each nostril) or as a dichorhinic mixtures (different mixtures presented to each nostril). Presenting dichorhinic mixtures allowed us to assess nostril dominance based on participants’ report on whether the mixture smelled more like cinnamon or eucalyptus. Participants also evaluated whether the stimuli were “painful,” “warm,” “cold,” and “intense” on visual scales. Results In Study 1, we find that in right handers, stimuli presented to the right nostril dominated over those presented to the left nostril. These stimuli were also rated as more “painful” and “intense.” In Study 2, we could not corroborate the findings in the right-handed individuals, and we found limited support for a nostril advantage left-handed individuals. Conclusion Although our data points toward a certain nostril advantage in chemosensory perception, the finding is not systematic, we discuss possible underlying factors.
Surgical Versus Nonsurgical Treatment for Midshaft Clavicle Fractures in Patients Aged 16 Years and Older: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Comparison of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies
Authors: Smeeing Diederik P.J. , van der Ven Denise J.C. , Hietbrink Falco , Timmers Tim K. , van Heijl Mark , Kruyt Moyo C. , Groenwold Rolf H.H. , van der Meijden Olivier A.J. , Houwert Roderick M. 
Published: November 2016

Background:There is no consensus on the choice of treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures (MCFs).Purpose:The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were (1) to compare fracture healing disorders and functional outcomes of surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of MCFs and (2) to compare effect estimates obtained from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies.Study Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods:The PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases were searched for both RCTs and observational studies. Using the MINORS instrument, all included studies were assessed on their methodological quality. The primary outcome was a nonunion. Effects of surgical versus nonsurgical treatment were estimated using random-effects meta-analysis models.Results:A total of 20 studies were included, of which 8 were RCTs and 12 were observational studies including 1760 patients. Results were similar across the different study designs. A meta-analysis of 19 studies revealed that nonunions were significantly less common after surgical treatment than after nonsurgical treatment (odds ratio [OR], 0.18 [95% CI, 0.10-0.33]). The risk of malunions did not differ between surgical and nonsurgical treatment (OR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.12-1.19]). Both the long-term Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and Constant-Murley scores favored surgical treatment (DASH: mean difference [MD], −2.04 [95% CI, −3.56 to −0.52]; Constant-Murley: MD, 3.23 [95% CI, 1.52 to 4.95]). No differences were observed regarding revision surgery (OR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.42-1.73]). Including only high-quality studies, both the number of malunions and days to return to work show significant differences in favor of surgical treatment (malunions: OR, 0.26 [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.92]; return to work: MD, −8.64 [95% CI, −16.22 to −1.05]).Conclusion:This meta-analysis of high-quality studies showed that surgical treatment of MCFs results in fewer nonunions, fewer malunions, and an accelerated return to work compared with nonsurgical treatment. A meta-analysis of surgical treatments need not be restricted to randomized trials, provided that the included observational studies are of high quality.
Repeated self-harm in young people: a review
Authors: Robinson Jo 
Published: November 2016

Objectives: This paper provides a review of the rates of self-harm and repeated self-harm among young people. It describes some of the risk factors associated with these behaviours and summarises some of the barriers to delivering optimal treatment. Conclusions: The review concludes that there is an urgent need for the delivery of respectful and evidence-based practice to all young people who present with self-harm. In addition, improved monitoring of self-harm presentations to hospitals across Australia is required in order that robust data are collected and the impact of practice change can be reliably assessed.
Culturally Adapted Substance Use Interventions for Latino Adolescents
Authors: Hernandez Robles Eden , Maynard Brandy R. , Salas-Wright Christopher P. , Todic Jelena 
Published: November 2016

Purpose: To examine the characteristics and effects of culturally adapted substance use interventions with Latino adolescents on substance use outcomes. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analytic methods were used to synthesize effects across studies on substance use outcomes at posttest and follow-up time points. Results: Ten studies comprising 12,546 Latino adolescents met eligibility criteria. Meta-analytic results suggest positive, yet small effects on substance use outcomes at posttest and slightly larger effects at follow-up. A moderate amount of heterogeneity was observed; however, no variables tested explained the variance. The risk of bias assessment revealed that most studies were at high risk for performance and selection bias. Conclusions: Culturally adapted substance use interventions with Latino adolescents may be slightly more effective than other active interventions. We also uncovered important gaps and deficiencies in this body of research, including the need to examine potential secondary benefits of culturally adapted interventions.
Youth Baseball Pitching Stride Length: Normal Values and Correlation With Field Testing
Authors: Fry Karl E. , Pipkin Andrew , Wittman Kelcie , Hetzel Scott , Sherry Marc 
Published: November 2016

Background: Pitching biomechanical analysis has been recommended as an important component of performance, injury prevention, and rehabilitation. Normal values for youth pitching stride length have not been established, leading to application of normative values found among professional pitchers to youth pitchers. Hypotheses: The average youth pitching stride length will be significantly less than that of college and professional pitchers. There will be a positive correlation between stride length, lower extremity power, balance, and pitching experience. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Ninety-two youth baseball pitchers (aged 9-14 years) met the inclusion/exclusion criteria and completed the study. Stride length was recorded using a Dartfish video system over 3 maximal effort pitches. Both intra- and interrater reliability was calculated for the assessment of stride length. Double-leg vertical jump, single-leg stance time, leg length, weight, age, and pitching experience were also recorded. Results: Mean (SD) stride length was 66.0% (7.1%) of height. Stride length was correlated ( P < 0.01) with vertical jump (0.38), pitching experience (0.36), and single-leg balance (0.28), with excellent intra- and interrater reliability (0.985 or higher). No significant correlations between stride length and body weight, leg length, or age existed. Conclusions: There was a significant difference between youth pitching stride length and the current published norms for older and more elite throwers. There was a positive correlation between stride length and lower extremity power, pitching experience, and single-leg balance. Clinical Relevance: Two-dimensional analysis of stride length allows for the assessment of pitching biomechanics in a practical manner. These values can be used for return to pitching parameters after an injury and designing injury prevention and performance programs.