bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CityNet - Deep Learning Tools for Urban Ecoacoustic Assessment
Authors: Fairbrass A. J. , Firman M. , Williams C. , Brostow G. J. , Titheridge H. , Jones K. E. 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYCities support unique and valuable ecological communities, but understanding urban wildlife is limited due to the difficulties of assessing biodiversity. Ecoacoustic surveying is a useful way of assessing habitats, where biotic sound measured from audio recordings is used as a proxy for biodiversity. However, existing algorithms for measuring biotic sound have been shown to be biased by non-biotic sounds in recordings, typical of urban environments.We develop CityNet, a deep learning system using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to measure audible biotic (CityBioNet) and anthropogenic (CityAnthroNet) acoustic activity in cities. The CNNs were trained on a large dataset of annotated audio recordings collected across Greater London, UK. Using a held-out test dataset, we compare the precision and recall of CityBioNet and CityAnthroNet separately to the best available alternative algorithms: four acoustic indices (AIs): Acoustic Complexity Index, Acoustic Diversity Index, Bioacoustic Index, and Normalised Difference Soundscape Index, and a state-of-the-art bird call detection CNN (bulbul). We also compare the effect of non-biotic sounds on the predictions of CityBioNet and bulbul. Finally we apply CityNet to describe acoustic patterns of the urban soundscape in two sites along an urbanisation gradient.CityBioNet was the best performing algorithm for measuring biotic activity in terms of precision and recall, followed by bulbul, while the AIs performed worst. CityAnthroNet outperformed the Normalised Difference Soundscape Index, but by a smaller margin than CityBioNet achieved against the competing algorithms. The CityBioNet predictions were impacted by mechanical sounds, whereas air traffic and wind sounds influenced the bulbul predictions. Across an urbanisation gradient, we show that CityNet produced realistic daily patterns of biotic and anthropogenic acoustic activity from real-world urban audio data.Using CityNet, it is possible to automatically measure biotic and anthropogenic acoustic activity in cities from audio recordings. If embedded within an autonomous sensing system, CityNet could produce environmental data for cites at large-scales and facilitate investigation of the impacts of anthropogenic activities on wildlife. The algorithms, code and pre-trained models are made freely available in combination with two expert-annotated urban audio datasets to facilitate automated environmental surveillance in cities.
Clinical and MRI changes ofpuborectalisandiliococcygeusafter a short period of intensive pelvic floor muscles training with or without instrumentation
Authors: Dierick Frédéric , Galtsova Ekaterina , Lauer Clara , Buisseret Fabien , Bouché Anne-France , Martin Laurent 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeThis study evaluates the impact of a 3-week period of intensive pelvic floor muscles training (PFMT), with or without instrumentation, on clinical and static magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes ofpuborectalis(PR) andiliococcygeus(IL) muscles.Methods24 healthy young 5 women were enrolled in the study and 17 achieved the 9 sessions of 30 minutes training exercises and conducted all assessments. Participants were randomly assigned in two training groups: voluntary contractions combined with hypopressive exercises (HYPO) or biofeedback exercises combined with transvaginal electrical stimulations (ELEC). Clinical and T2-weighted MRI assessments io were realized before and after training.ResultsModified Oxford Grading System (MOGS) scores for left PR and perineal body significantly increased in the two groups (p=0.039,p=0.008), but MOGS score for right PR significantly increased only in HYPO (p=0.020). Muscle volumes of right and left IL significantly decreased (p=0.040,p=0.045) after training as well as signal i5 intensities of right and left PR (p=0.040,p=0.021) and thickness of right and left IL at mid-vagina location (p=0.012,p=0.011).ConclusionsA short period of intensive PFMT induces clinical and morphological changes in PFMs at rest suggesting a decrease in IL volume and adipose content of PR. Given the difference in cost and accessibility between HYPO and ELEC approaches, PFMT should be based primarily on non-instrumented exercises.
Odd skipped-related 1 (Osr1) identifies muscle-interstitial fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) activated by acute injury
Authors: Stumm Jürgen , Vallecíllo Garcia Pedro , vom Hofe-Schneider Sophie , Ollitrault David , Schrewe Heinrich , Economides Aris N. , Marazzi Giovanna , Sassoon David A. , Stricker Sigmar 
Published: January 2018

AbstractFibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are resident mesenchymal progenitors in adult skeletal muscle that support muscle repair, but also give rise to fibrous and adipose infiltration in response to disease and chronic injury. FAPs are currently identified using cell surface markers that do not distinguish between quiescent FAPs and FAPs actively engaged in the regenerative process. We have shown previously that FAPs are derived from cells that express the transcription factor Osr1 during development. Here we show that adult FAPs express Osr1 at low levels and frequency, however upon acute injury FAPs reactivate Osr1 expression in the injured tissue. Osr1+ FAPs are enriched in proliferating and apoptotic cells demonstrating that Osr1 identifies activated FAPs. In vivo genetic lineage tracing shows that Osr1+ activated FAPs return to the resident FAP pool after regeneration as well as contribute to adipocytes after glycerol-induced fatty degeneration. In conclusion, reporter LacZ or eGFP-CreERt2 expression from the endogenous Osr1 locus serves as marker for FACS isolation and tamoxifen-induced manipulation of activated FAPs.Summary statementExpression of Osr1 specifically in muscle interstitial fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) activated by acute injury provides a tool to isolate and trace this population.
MicroRNA-92a negatively regulates neurofibromin 2 and inhibits its tumor suppressive function
Authors: Alcantara Krizelle Mae M. , Garcia Reynaldo L. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTInactivation of the tumor suppressor Merlin leads to the development of benign nervous system tumors of neurofibromatosis type 2. Merlin deficiency is also observed in human malignancies including colorectal and lung cancers. Causes of Merlin inactivation include deleterious mutations in the encoding neurofibromin 2 gene (NF2) and aberrant Merlin proteasomal degradation. Here, we show that NF2 is also regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) through interaction with evolutionarily conserved miRNA response elements (MREs) within its 3’-untranslated region (3‘UTR). Dual luciferase assays in HCT116 and A549 show downregulation of wild type NF2 by miR-92a via its 3’UTR but not NF2-3’UTR with mutated MRE. HCT116 cells transfected with miR-92a show significant downregulation of endogenous NF2 mRNA and protein levels, which were rescued by co-transfection of a target protector oligonucelotide specific for the miR-92a binding site within NF2-3’UTR. MiR-92a overexpression in HCT116 and A549 resulted in increased migration and proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and altered F-actin organization compared to controls. This study provides functional proof of the unappreciated role of miRNAs in NF2 regulation and tumor progression.
Leading after the boom: developing future leaders from a future leader’s perspective
Authors: Akers Katie Lynn 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims for an open discussion of new traits which are important to the success of future leaders. By understanding what is important to the new generations coming into leadership roles and how that differs from previous generations, a new set of leadership traits can be developed to help future leaders find success. The purpose of this paper is to challenge the current practices of leadership traits that are being developed and defined for making successful leaders.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper was designed to raise questions regarding what traits are being developed in current leaders to make them successful and provide two suggestions for new traits to be developed in future leaders. The bulk of the research was from books that analyzed leadership characteristics and the generational needs of the previous and current generations. The information was accompanied with personal experience working as and with the new generation of potential leaders.

Findings
This paper initiates the need for a discussion on why it is important to start discussing the development of the future generation of leaders. It suggests that the traits of curiosity and belief will be beneficial to the success and fulfillment of future leaders.

Research limitations/implications
Because of the newness of this concept in regards to curiosity and belief being leadership traits, the research comes from theories and a real life, relevant understanding of leadership development. Therefore, it is encouraged to continue to build upon the thoughts and ideas presented in the paper.

Practical implications
This paper includes implications that there is a need for leadership development and that through the development of future leader traits, based on what they want from the workforce, will help to make them successful and sustainable future leaders.

Originality/value
This paper fulfills a need to understand what areas future leaders will need to be developed to create a new generation of effective and successful leaders.
Proposing micro-macro HRM strategies to overcome challenges of workforce diversity and deviance in ASEAN
Authors: Malik Pooja , Lenka Usha , Sahoo Debashish Kumar 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework associating globalization, workforce diversity, and deviance and suggest micro-macro HRM strategies to overcome challenges associated with the workforce diversity and workplace deviance.Design/methodology/approachA systematic review of literature of past 25 years was carried out with the key word “globalization, workforce diversity, and deviance” from several electronic databases.FindingsFindings propose micro-macro HRM strategies to be adopted by HR practitioners in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) organizations to manage workforce diversity and deviance in the age of globalization.Research limitations/implicationsThe challenges due to workforce diversity may get worse because ASEAN is more incongruent in terms of phases of economic, social, cultural, and political advancement. Therefore, proposed model can be tested and compared in different ASEAN organizations.Originality/valueThere is a dearth of literature associating globalization, workforce diversity, and deviance. This paper bridges this gap by proposing a conceptual framework in the ASEAN context and suggests micro-macro HRM strategies to be adopted by HRM practitioners to overcome associated challenges with workforce diversity and deviance.
Effect of commitment and customers’ satisfaction on the relationship between service quality and customer retention in rural banks in Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Sigit Parawansa Dian Anggraece 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of commitment and customer’s satisfaction on the relationship between service quality and customer retention.

Design/methodology/approach
The research was conducted on the entire customer rural banks (BPR) in Makassar, South Sulawesi Province; the sample size comprised 300 respondents. Analysis equipment used in this study is a quantitative approach that is inferential statistical analysis with structural equation modeling based variance is known as a method WarpPLS.

Findings
The results of the analysis show that there is significant influence between the variables of service quality, commitment, customer satisfaction, and customer retention. It was also found that the results of the variables commitment and customer satisfaction mediate the effect of service quality on customer’s retention.

Originality/value
The study showed the mediation effect (using the Sobel test) of service quality on customer retention using commitment and customer satisfaction as intervening variables in rural banks; and the study was conducted in the customer rural banks (BPR) in Makassar, South Sulawesi Province, where no such study for this relationship has been conducted previously.
A systematic review and classification of interventions for speech‐sound disorder in preschool children
Authors: Wren Yvonne , Harding Sam , Goldbart Juliet , Roulstone Sue 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundMultiple interventions have been developed to address speech sound disorder (SSD) in children. Many of these have been evaluated but the evidence for these has not been considered within a model which categorizes types of intervention. The opportunity to carry out a systematic review of interventions for SSD arose as part of a larger scale study of interventions for primary speech and language impairment in preschool children.AimsTo review systematically the evidence for interventions for SSD in preschool children and to categorize them within a classification of interventions for SSD.Methods & ProceduresRelevant search terms were used to identify intervention studies published up to 2012, with the following inclusion criteria: participants were aged between 2 years and 5 years, 11 months; they exhibited speech, language and communication needs; and a primary outcome measure of speech was used. Studies that met inclusion criteria were quality appraised using the single case experimental design (SCED) or PEDro‐P, depending on their methodology. Those judged to be high quality were classified according to the primary focus of intervention.Outcomes & ResultsThe final review included 26 studies. Case series was the most common research design. Categorization to the classification system for interventions showed that cognitive–linguistic and production approaches to intervention were the most frequently reported. The highest graded evidence was for three studies within the auditory–perceptual and integrated categories.Conclusions & ImplicationsThe evidence for intervention for preschool children with SSD is focused on seven out of 11 subcategories of interventions. Although all the studies included in the review were good quality as defined by quality appraisal checklists, they mostly represented lower‐graded evidence. Higher‐graded studies are needed to understand clearly the strength of evidence for different interventions.
Identification of stress‐related microRNA biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Liang Ying‐Zhi , Li Jia‐Jiang‐Hui , Xiao Huan‐Bo , He Yan , Zhang Ling , Yan Yu‐Xiang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundMany studies have investigated microRNAs (miRNAs) in the detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Herein, the dysregulated direction of stress‐related miRNAs used as biomarkers of T2DM are summarized and analyzed.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and three Chinese databases were searched for case–control miRNA profiling studies about T2DM. A meta‐analysis under a random effect was performed. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on different tissues and species. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to confirm the robustness among studies. The effect size was pooled using ln odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and P‐values.ResultsThe present meta‐analysis included 39 case–control studies with a total of 494 miRNAs. Only 33 miRNAs were reported in three or more studies and, of these, 18 were inconsistent in their direction of dysregulation. Two significantly dysregulated miRNAs (let‐7 g and miR‐155) were identified in the meta‐analysis. Four miRNAs (miR‐142‐3p, miR‐155, miR‐21, and miR‐34c‐5p) were dysregulated in patients with T2DM, whereas five miRNAs (miR‐146a, miR‐199a‐3p, miR‐200b, miR‐29b and miR‐30e) were dysregulated in animal models of diabetes. In addition, two dysregulated miRNAs (miR‐146a and miR‐21) were highly cornea specific and heart specific. In sensitivity analysis, only miR‐155 was still significantly dysregulated after removing studies with small sample sizes.ConclusionsThe present meta‐analysis revealed that 16 stress‐related miRNAs were significantly dysregulated in T2DM. MiR‐148b, miR‐223, miR‐130a, miR‐19a, miR‐26b and miR‐27b were selected as potential circulating biomarkers of T2DM. In addition, miR‐146a and miR‐21 were identified as potential tissue biomarkers of T2DM.
Left sleeve lobectomy versus left pneumonectomy for the management of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Liang , Pei YuQuan , Li ShaoLei , Zhang ShanYuan , Yang Yue 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThe study was conducted to compare the outcomes of sleeve lobectomy (SL) and pneumonectomy (PN) for management of the left lung in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐five patients who underwent left SL (n = 87) or left PN (n = 48) for NSCLC from January 2006 to December 2011 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Left SL was performed when technically possible. The clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes in both groups were compared. Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and significant differences were calculated using the log‐rank test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the Cox proportional hazards model to analyze significant variables associated with the outcomes of left SL.ResultsThere were no significant differences in general clinicopathological features (age, gender, lymph node metastasis, pathological stage, and complications of bronchial fistula) between patients who underwent left SL and left PN. The operation duration was markedly longer and the extent of bleeding was greater for left SL than left PN; however patients who underwent left SL achieved significantly longer overall survival than patients who underwent left PN. The outcomes of left SL were only associated with pathological stage.ConclusionsOur results indicate that left SL may offer superior survival than left PN in selected patients. If anatomically feasible, left SL may be a preferred alternative to left PN for NSCLC patients. Pathological stage is an important factor to determine the outcome of SL.
Downregulation of BarH‐like homeobox 2 promotes cell proliferation, migration and aerobic glycolysis through Wnt/β‐catenin signaling, and predicts a poor prognosis in non‐small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Chen Hao , Zhang Maowei , Zhang Wenhui , Li Yuanqin , Zhu Jiechen , Zhang Xiaojiao , Zhao Li , Zhu Shuyang , Chen Bi 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundHuman BarH‐like homeobox 2 (Barx2), a homeodomain factor of the Bar family, plays a critical role in cell adhesion and cytoskeleton remodeling, and has been reported in an increasing array of tumor types except non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The purpose of the current study was to characterize the expression of Barx2 and assess the clinical significance of Barx2 in NSCLC.MethodsQuantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis were used to examine mRNA and protein expression, respectively. The relationships between Barx2 expression and clinicopathological variables were analyzed. Cell Counting Kit‐8 and plate colony formation assay were used to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay was used to examine cell migration ability. Glucose uptake, lactate, adenosine triphosphate, and lactate dehydrogenase assays were used to detect aerobic glycolysis.ResultsBarx2 is downregulated in NSCLC tissues compared with para‐carcinoma. Furthermore, Barx2 expression shows a negative correlation with advanced TNM stage and a high level of Ki‐67. Survival analysis reveals that Barx2 level is an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC patients. The Barx2 (low) Ki‐67 (high) group had the worst prognosis. Furthermore, the data indicate that downregulation of Barx2 expression promotes cell proliferation, migration, and aerobic glycolysis, including increased lactate dehydrogenase activity, glucose utilization, lactate production, and decreased intracellular adenosine triphospahte level. Furthermore, Barx2 acts as a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. Reactivation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway by LiCl can reverse the inhibiting effect of Barx2.ConclusionsThese findings reveal that Barx2 serving as a tumor suppressor gene could decrease cell proliferation, migration, and aerobic glycolysis through inhibiting the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, and predicts a good prognosis in NSCLC.
Analysis of haplotype networks: The randomized minimum spanning tree method
Authors: Paradis Emmanuel 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Haplotype network construction is a widely used approach for analysing and visualizing the relationships among DNA sequences within a population or species. This approach has some problems such as how to quantify alternative links among sequences or how to plot efficiently networks to compare them easily.

In this paper, a new method is presented: the randomized minimum spanning tree method, based on randomizing the input order of the data in order to produce alternative branchings in the haplotype network. It is shown that this new method can produce, at least in some situations, networks with less alternative links than the minimum spanning network method.

A new graphical display of haplotype networks is introduced here. This is based on calculating the coordinates of the haplotypes from a multidimensional scaling of the haplotype distance matrix. The display can be done in two or three dimensions. The eigenvalues extracted from the multidimensional scaling analysis give an indication of the relevant number of dimensions.

These tools are illustrated with the analyses of published data on the leopard and on the jaguar. These analyses show interesting and contrasting patterns between these two species of big cats.

All tools are implemented in R and available in the package pegas.
The Influence of Colloid Osmotic Pressure on Hydrostatic Pressures in High‐ and Low‐Flux Hemodialyzers
Authors: Schneditz Daniel , Sarikakis Georgios , Kontodima Maria , Sauseng Notburga 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between hydrostatic trans‐membrane pressure (TMPh) and colloid osmotic pressure (COP) in low‐flux (LF) and high‐flux (HF) dialyzers. Hydrostatic pressures were measured in dialyzers distinguished by their ultrafiltration coefficient Kuf (16 and 85 mL/h/mm Hg) under constant dialysate flow and variable blood flow (Qb) ranging from 0 to 400 mL/min using (i) alginate (70 kDa) dissolved in dialysate, (ii) diluted, undiluted, and concentrated plasma, or (iii) whole blood at different hematocrit, all in absence of ultrafiltration (UF). For a given fluid, TMPh linearly increased with increasing Qb. The intercept of the linear TMPh to Qb relationship correlated with measured COP with an average bias of 1.00 ± 2.26 mm Hg and a concordance correlation coefficient of 0.98. The slope of the linear TMPh to Qb relationship increased with increasing sample viscosity and was much larger in HF dialyzers under otherwise identical operating conditions, most likely because of increased internal filtration. The TMPh to Qb relationship measured in dialyzers in absence of UF can be described by the intercept related to measured COP and the slope related to internal filtration. This relationship could be of interest to estimate internal filtration and COP under in vivo conditions.