bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors determining healthy work conditions in the beauticians’ workplace
Authors: Stawarz Magdalena , Makowska Małgorzata , Stawarz Sylwester 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The beauty studio is a place of work where a beautician and her customers spend several hours, hence, it has to meet certain basic hygiene requirements so as to provide employees and customers conditions that keep them safe and healthy. The main dangers to which beauticians are exposed, are of physical, chemical, biological and psychophysical nature. Therefore, it is important to draw employees’ attention to the possible effects of the particular dangers and risks that come about when there is lack of the use of appropriate preventive measures.
Furochinoline alkaloids in plants from Rutaceae family – a review
Authors: Adamska-Szewczyk Aldona , Glowniak Kazimierz , Baj Tomasz 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Over the past five years, phytochemical and pharmacological studies have been conducted on material extracted from members of the Rutaceae family. In such work, new furochinoline-structured alkaloids were isolated from Ruta sp. and Dictamnus sp. Beyond the aforementioned, other substances with promising activity were isolated from the less-known species of Zanthoxylum, Evodia, Lonchocarpus, Myrthopsis and Teclea. Currently used forms of extraction, as well as methods of isolation and detection, allow the obtaining of pure, biologically active compounds. Many of these have antifungal, anti-bacterial and anti-plasmodial properties. Others are still being researched as potential drugs, which, in future, may be used in treating those afflicted with HIV and cancer. This article is designed to give the readers a thorough review of the active natural products from the Rutaceae family.
Influence of Support Structural Characteristics on Long-term Performance of Pd-Ag/α-Al2O3 Catalyst for Tail-end Acetylene Selective Hydrogenation
Authors: Takht Ravanchi Maryam , Sahebdelfar Saeed , Rahimi Fard Maryam 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The selective hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene in acetylene/ethylene mixture over Pd-Ag/α-Al2O3 catalysts prepared by sequential impregnation method was studied. The α-Al2O3 support was prepared by thermal treatment of γ-Al2O3 in temperature range of 1,090–1,100 °C. The samples were characterized for their structural properties and coke deposition. They showed egg-shell structure with penetration depth increasing with sintering temperature of the support. A kinetic model based on 1st order in acetylene and 0.5th order in hydrogen for the main reaction and 2nd order independent decay law for catalyst deactivation was used to fit the conversion-time data and to obtain quantitative assessment of catalyst performances. Fair fits were observed from which the reaction and deactivation rate constants were evaluated. The highest selectivity to ethylene, and therefore best performance, was obtained for the highest calcination temperature which was attributed to its lower acidity and larger pore diameters.
A Review of the Radio Frequency Non-destructive Testing for Carbon-fibre Composites
Authors: Li Zhen , Meng Zhaozong 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to review recent research on the applications of existing non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques, especially radio frequency (RF) NDT, for carbon-fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) composites. Electromagnetic properties of CFRP composites that are associated with RF NDT are discussed first. The anisotropic characteristic of the conductivity and the relationship between the penetration depth and conductivity should be paid much attention. Then, the well-established RF NDT including eddy current technique, microwave technique and RF-based thermography are well categorised into four types (i.e. electromagnetic induction, resonance, RF-based thermography and RF wave propagation) and demonstrated in detail. The example of impact damage detection using the induction and resonance methods is given. Some discussions on the development (like industrial-scale automated scanning, three-dimensional imaging, short-range ultra-wideband (UWB) imaging and the radio frequency identification technology (RFID)-based NDT) are presented.
Adaptations of foreign geographical atlases from before 1989 published for the Polish users
Authors: Konopska Beata 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The adaptations of foreign cartographical works are the constant publishing practices. The subject matters of these studies are the adaptations of foreign geographical atlases, prepared for the Polish users before 1989.
This article attempts to prove the thesis, that the activities of authors and publishers measured by a number and degree of adjustment of the above mentioned adaptations to the needs of the Polish customers in the scope of Polish adaptations of foreign geographical atlases are dependent on the external circumstances, mainly, on the political and socio-economic ones. The aims of these research studies are brought to determine a scope of changes adapting the foreign atlases to the Polish users in the context of the workshop of cartographer and to compare these kinds of publishing activity in the respective periods. The results of these works confirmed the thesis, which was put at the beginning, that the activities of authors and publishers in the field of adaptation depend on the external circumstances. It is clear from the analysis of the examined adaptations, that the greatest activity in this scope is characterised by two periods: the period of partitions of Poland and the next period of activity after the year 1989.
Referring to the kinds of adaptations, which were proposed in the article written by B. Konopska and J. Pasławski (2015), it is necessary to mention, that the main principles of the compilations of adaptations in the earlier periods were just the same as we have today. All the atlases can be divided into the basic adaptations and complex ones. Using the reviews and overviews of the adaptations written at the time, when they were issued, we can also say, that the geographical names were and now are the biggest problems for the authors.
Linking Health Records for Federated Query Processing
Authors: Dewri Rinku , Ong Toan , Thurimella Ramakrishna 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A federated query portal in an electronic health record infrastructure enables large epidemiology studies by combining data from geographically dispersed medical institutions. However, an individual’s health record has been found to be distributed across multiple carrier databases in local settings. Privacy regulations may prohibit a data source from revealing clear text identifiers, thereby making it non-trivial for a query aggregator to determine which records correspond to the same underlying individual. In this paper, we explore this problem of privately detecting and tracking the health records of an individual in a distributed infrastructure. We begin with a secure set intersection protocol based on commutative encryption, and show how to make it practical on comparison spaces as large as 1010 pairs. Using bigram matching, precomputed tables, and data parallelism, we successfully reduced the execution time to a matter of minutes, while retaining a high degree of accuracy even in records with data entry errors. We also propose techniques to prevent the inference of identifier information when knowledge of underlying data distributions is known to an adversary. Finally, we discuss how records can be tracked utilizing the detection results during query processing.
Beeswax: a platform for private web apps
Authors: Légaré Jean-Sébastien , Sumi Robert , Aiello William 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Even if a web-based messaging service offered confidential channels, how would users know whether their keys, or indeed even their plaintext, was not being exfiltrated? What if a variety of applications offered confidentiality? How would a user gain trust in all of them?
In this paper we argue that a platform for private web applications is the only practical way for users to gain assurance about the confidentiality claims of a large number of full-featured web-services.We introduce Beeswax, a client-side platform that allows confidential data to be exchanged between users at the behest of an application, through a narrow set of APIs. Beeswax installs in a modern browser to deliver a complete practical solution, from key distribution to isolation of private data from the applications, thereby making an analysis of application code unnecessary. This focuses scrutiny and trust on the platform itself, rather than on all the applications using it.
SoK: Privacy on Mobile Devices – It’s Complicated
Authors: Spensky Chad , Stewart Jeffrey , Yerukhimovich Arkady , Shay Richard , Trachtenberg Ari , Housley Rick , Cunningham Robert K. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Modern mobile devices place a wide variety of sensors and services within the personal space of their users. As a result, these devices are capable of transparently monitoring many sensitive aspects of these users’ lives (e.g., location, health, or correspondences). Users typically trade access to this data for convenient applications and features, in many cases without a full appreciation of the nature and extent of the information that they are exposing to a variety of third parties. Nevertheless, studies show that users remain concerned about their privacy and vendors have similarly been increasing their utilization of privacy-preserving technologies in these devices. Still, despite significant efforts, these technologies continue to fail in fundamental ways, leaving users’ private data exposed.
In this work, we survey the numerous components of mobile devices, giving particular attention to those that collect, process, or protect users’ private data. Whereas the individual components have been generally well studied and understood, examining the entire mobile device ecosystem provides significant insights into its overwhelming complexity. The numerous components of this complex ecosystem are frequently built and controlled by different parties with varying interests and incentives. Moreover, most of these parties are unknown to the typical user. The technologies that are employed to protect the users’ privacy typically only do so within a small slice of this ecosystem, abstracting away the greater complexity of the system. Our analysis suggests that this abstracted complexity is the major cause of many privacy-related vulnerabilities, and that a fundamentally new, holistic, approach to privacy is needed going forward. We thus highlight various existing technology gaps and propose several promising research directions for addressing and reducing this complexity.
Students and Taxes: a Privacy-Preserving Study Using Secure Computation
Authors: Bogdanov Dan , Kamm Liina , Kubo Baldur , Rebane Reimo , Sokk Ville , Talviste Riivo 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
We describe the use of secure multi-party computation for performing a large-scale privacy-preserving statistical study on real government data. In 2015, statisticians from the Estonian Center of Applied Research (CentAR) conducted a big data study to look for correlations between working during university studies and failing to graduate in time. The study was conducted by linking the database of individual tax payments from the Estonian Tax and Customs Board and the database of higher education events from the Ministry of Education and Research. Data collection, preparation and analysis were conducted using the Share-mind secure multi-party computation system that provided end-to-end cryptographic protection to the analysis. Using ten million tax records and half a million education records in the analysis, this is the largest cryptographically private statistical study ever conducted on real data.
Speed Adaptation in Urban Road Network Management
Authors: Raiyn Jamal 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Various forecasting schemes have been proposed to manage traffic data, which is collected by videos cameras, sensors, and mobile phone services. However, these are not sufficient for collecting data because of their limited coverage and high costs for installation and maintenance. To overcome the limitations of these tools, we introduce a hybrid scheme based on intelligent transportation system (ITS) and global navigation satellite system (GNSS). Applying the GNSS to calculate travel time has proven efficient in terms of accuracy. In this case, GNSS data is managed to reduce traffic congestion and road accidents. This paper introduces a short-time forecasting model based on real-time travel time for urban heterogeneous road networks. Travel time forecasting has been achieved by predicting travel speeds using an optimized exponential moving Average (EMA) model. Furthermore for speed adaptation in heterogeneous road networks, it is necessary to introduce asuitable control strategy for longitude, based on the GNSS. GNSS products provide worldwide and real-time services using precise timing information and, positioning technologies.
The Controversy over Religious Arbitration Tribunals in Ontario: Unspoken Identity-Based Justifications?
Authors: May Paul 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis article deals with the 2002–2005 controversy over faith-based arbitration tribunals in Ontario. It seeks to contribute to the existing literature on the question by looking at new empirical sources. The analysis focuses specifically on the public discourse of social actors who opposed the creation of arbitration tribunals for Christians, Jews and Muslims. The majority of those who opposed arbitration tribunals did not formulate their position in terms of an opposition between religion and feminist values. Rather, they focused their arguments on the danger of Islam, which they perceived as an oppressive and alien religion. The controversy over religious arbitration becomes a way to claim a Western, secular and Judeo-Christian Canadian identity. From this perspective, the Ontarian controversy can be likened to European debates on Islam that have emerged over the last decade (e.g. caricatures of Muhammad in Denmark, minarets in Switzerland and the burqa ban in Belgium).
Chemical composition and biological activity of the essential oil from Thymus lanceolatus
Authors: Khadir Abdelmounaim , Sobeh Mansour , Gad Haidy A. , Benbelaid Fethi , Bendahou Mourad , Peixoto Herbenya , Sporer Frank , Ashour Mohamed L. , Wink Michael 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Thymus lanceolatus is a rare species, which grows wild in Algeria and Tunis. It is used traditionally as a drink and to flavor and preserve meat and poultry. The composition of the essential oil was determined by GLC/FID and GLC/MS. Forty-nine components were identified and quantified, accounting for 96.75% of the total detected components in the oil. The oxygenated monoterpenes (74.85%) constitute the major class of volatile secondary metabolites in the oil. Thymol was the most abundant constituent (69.61%) followed by γ-terpinene (8.38%). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using both diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙) reduction and 2-deoxyribose (2-DR) degradation prevention methods. The oil showed a very potent antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 0.20 ± 0.07 and 4.96 ± 0.39 μg/mL for the DPPH˙ and 2-DR methods, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was assessed using the agar diffusion method, and the in vitro cytotoxicity on five different cancer cells was examined using the MTT assay. The oil revealed promising inhibitory activity against Gram positive bacteria, especially Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus pyogenes with an MIC value of 62.5 μg/mL. Additionally, the highest cytotoxic activity was observed against the HL-60 cells with an IC50 of 113.5 μg/mL. These results validate some of their traditional uses in food preservation.
Industry Relationships With Pediatricians: Findings From the Open Payments Sunshine Act
Authors: Parikh Kavita , Fleischman William , Agrawal Shantanu 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Ties between physicians and pharmaceutical/medical device manufactures have received considerable attention. The Open Payments program, part of the Affordable Care Act, requires public reporting of payments to physicians from industry. We sought to describe payments from industry to physicians caring for children by (1) comparing payments to pediatricians to other medical specialties, (2) determining variation in payments among pediatric subspecialties, and (3) identifying the types of payment and the products associated with payments to pediatricians.METHODS:We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional analysis of Open Payments data from January 1 to December 31, 2014. The primary outcomes included percent of physicians receiving payments, median total pay per physician, the types of payments received, and the drugs and devices associated with payments.RESULTS:There were 9 638 825 payments to physicians, totaling $1 186 217 157. There were 244 915 payments to general pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists, totaling &gt;$32 million. The median individual payment to general pediatricians was $14.63 (interquartile range 12–20), and median total pay per general pediatrician was $89 (interquartile range 32–186). General pediatricians accounted for 1.7% of total payments, and 0.9% of the sum of payments. Developmental pediatricians had the highest percentage of pediatric physicians receiving payment, and pediatric endocrinologists received the highest median payment. Top marketed medications were for attention-deficient/hyperactivity disorder and vaccinations.CONCLUSIONS:More than 40% of pediatricians received payments from industry in 2014, a lower percentage than family physicians or internists. There was considerable variation in physician-industry ties among the pediatric subspecialties. Most payments were associated with medications that treat attention-deficient/hyperactivity disorder and vaccinations.
EFICIENCIA DE LOS HOSPITALES DE BOLÍVAR- COLOMBIA POR MEDIO ANÁLISIS ENVOLVENTE DE DATOS // EFFICIENCY OF HOSPITALS BOLIVAR- COLOMBIA THROUGH DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS // EFICIÊNCIA DOS HOSPITAIS BOLÍVAR-COLOMBIA ANÁLISE POR MORADIA DE DADOS
Authors: Fontalvo Herrera Tomás José , De la Hoz Herrera Gustavo 
Published: May 2016

Esta investigación estudió la eficiencia de 44 Hospitales de Bolívar en el año 2010. Lo anterior por medio de la aplicación de Análisis Envolvente de Datos DEA. Se calcularon las eficiencias técnicas de los Hospitales utilizando el modelo DEA enfocado en salidas CCR-O, lo anterior por medio del estudio de los estados financieros de estos Hospitales. De los 44 Hospitales estudiados, 35 presentaron eficiencia baja, uno presentó una eficiencia media, dos presentaron una eficiencia alta y seis Hospitales mostraron ser eficientes, estos fueron: ESE Hospital local Santa María, ESE Hospital local San José de Achi, seguido por el ESE Centro de salud con camas Cantagallo, ESE Hospital San Antonio de Padua, ESE centro de salud Giovani Cristini, y por último el ESE Hospital local San Fernando. Con esta investigación se pudo concluir que el 13,64% del total de los Hospitales evaluados presentaron una eficiencia óptima. El promedio de la eficiencia de los Hospitales objeto de esta investigación fue de 47,61%.
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Facilitates Implementation of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines for Lung Cancer Biomarker Testing and Identifies Patients Who May Benefit From Enrollment in Mechanism-Driven Clinical Trials
Authors: Suh James H. , Johnson Adrienne , Albacker Lee , Wang Kai , Chmielecki Juliann , Frampton Garrett , Gay Laurie , Elvin Julia A. , Vergilio Jo-Anne , Ali Siraj , Miller Vincent A. , Stephens Philip J. , Ross Jeffrey S. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Background.
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) recommend testing for EGFR, BRAF, ERBB2, and MET mutations; ALK, ROS1, and RET rearrangements; and MET amplification. We investigated the feasibility and utility of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP), a hybrid capture-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) test, in clinical practice.

Methods.
CGP was performed to a mean coverage depth of 576× on 6,832 consecutive cases of NSCLC (2012–2015). Genomic alterations (GAs) (point mutations, small indels, copy number changes, and rearrangements) involving EGFR, ALK, BRAF, ERBB2, MET, ROS1, RET, and KRAS were recorded. We also evaluated lung adenocarcinoma (AD) cases without GAs, involving these eight genes.

Results.
The median age of the patients was 64 years (range: 13–88 years) and 53% were female. Among the patients studied, 4,876 (71%) harbored at least one GA involving EGFR (20%), ALK (4.1%), BRAF (5.7%), ERBB2 (6.0%), MET (5.6%), ROS1 (1.5%), RET (2.4%), or KRAS (32%). In the remaining cohort of lung AD without these known drivers, 273 cancer-related genes were altered in at least 0.1% of cases, including STK11 (21%), NF1 (13%), MYC (9.8%), RICTOR (6.4%), PIK3CA (5.4%), CDK4 (4.3%), CCND1 (4.0%), BRCA2 (2.5%), NRAS (2.3%), BRCA1 (1.7%), MAP2K1 (1.2%), HRAS (0.7%), NTRK1 (0.7%), and NTRK3 (0.2%).

Conclusion.
CGP is practical and facilitates implementation of the NCCN guidelines for NSCLC by enabling simultaneous detection of GAs involving all seven driver oncogenes and KRAS. Furthermore, without additional tissue use or cost, CGP identifies patients with “pan-negative” lung AD who may benefit from enrollment in mechanism-driven clinical trials.
Effects of urbanization on direct and indirect interactions in a tri‐trophic system
Authors: Turrini Tabea , Sanders Dirk , Knop Eva 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWhile effects of urbanization on species assemblages are receiving increasing attention, effects on ecological interactions remain largely unexplored. We investigated how urbanization influences the strength of direct and indirect trophic interactions in a tri‐trophic system. In a field experiment including five cities and nearby farmed areas, we used potted Vicia faba plants and manipulated the presence of Megoura viciae aphids and that of naturally occurring aphid predators. When predators could access aphids, they reduced their abundance less in the urban than in the agricultural ecosystem. Compared to aphid abundance on plants without predator access, abundance on plants with predator access was 2.58 times lower in urban and 5.27 times lower in agricultural areas. This indicates that urbanization limited top‐down control of aphids by predators. In both ecosystems, plant biomass was negatively affected by herbivores and positively affected by predators, but the positive indirect predator effect was weaker in cities. Compared to aphid‐infested plants without predator access, plants with predator access were 1.89 times heavier in urban and 2.12 times heavier in agricultural areas. Surprisingly, differences between ecosystems regarding the indirect predator effect on plants were not explained by the differentially strong herbivore suppression. Instead, the urban environment limited plant biomass per se, thereby mitigating the scope of a positive predator effect. Our results show that urbanization can influence direct and indirect trophic interactions through effects on biotic top‐down forces and on plant growth. In order to understand how urbanization affects biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, it is fundamental to not only consider species assemblages, but also species interactions.