bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From serial drama to transmedia storytelling: How to re-articulate television aesthetics in the post-broadcast era
Authors: Keinonen Heidi 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The post-broadcast era is witness to a number of transformations in television culture. Similar to other styles and forms representative of broadcast television, even the most ‘televisual’ genre, television drama, is going through some drastic changes. While transmedia storytelling is offering new possibilities for both content creation and promotion of serial drama, it also questions some of the generic conventions by expanding the serial form and narrative structure across various types of media. In this article, I will draw from both television aesthetics and studies on transmedia storytelling in order to study seriality in current television drama. I argue that the serial form of television drama can be studied as a programming strategy, a mode of production, a narrative form and a viewing experience. By applying this framework to Finnish television drama I will identify and discuss the challenges involved in studying television aesthetics in the post-broadcast era as well as suggest possible ways of approaching the emerging forms and styles of broadcast television. Finally, I will consider the concept of quality in relation to post-broadcast television drama.
Destellos de luz y sus ambivalencias simbólicas
Authors: Cantalozella i Planas Joaquim , Negre i Busó Marta 
Published: August 2016

La luz sugiere una imagen culturalmente construida, sus metáforas están tan arraigadas a nuestro pensamiento que se hace difícil ignorar el efecto que provocan. A causa de la carga cultural que posee, en una escenificación o representación, la luz alude a cierta mística o trascendencia; incluso siendo esta completamente artificial, sujeta a artefactos y bombillas. Podría decirse, pues, que en nuestra cotidianeidad electrificada, las luces que envuelven el entorno toman partido en este juego de significados. En la presente era de la tecnificación, la luz no parece haber perdido el menor ápice de su poder evocativo, lo cual es perceptible en muchas propuestas artísticas, cuyos enfoques ambivalentes redundan irónicamente en los grandes temas. Esto sucede porque muchas de ellas parten de un ideario desmitificador, para aplicar criterios diferentes tanto en la elaboración como en la recepción de las imágenes. Aun así, los significados tradicionales de la luz sobreviven en propuestas de muy distinta índole, ya sea en clave crítica o no. En el presente artículo, indagamos en las lecturas que suscitan obras realizadas mediante estos parámetros, aquellas que justamente se instalan en la contradicción y la aceptan como punto de partida.Palabras clave: LUZ; OSCURIDAD; ARTE CONTEMPORÁNEO; TECNOLOGÍA; INTERVENCIONES Flashes of light and their symbolic ambivalence AbstractLight in art is essentially tied to culturally constructed images and its various metaphors are so enmeshed in human thought that their effect is difficult to ignore. Because of its cultural load, the light in any staging or representation invariably refers, however indirectly, to matters that are in some sense mystical and transcendent—even when it relies upon prosaic electrical devices or simple light bulbs. We might argue, therefore, that the many lights illuminating our electrified everyday reality also play their part in this game of meanings. Indeed, in today’s technified world, light does not seem to have lost even the slightest portion of its evocative potential. This is evidenced in the many art works whose intentional ambivalence casts a wry eye on the big issues they address and which set out to demystify their subject, applying novel criteria in how images are created and responded to. But it is also seen in the more traditional metaphors of light which still abound, critical or otherwise, in art works of very different kinds. This article examines the readings that emerge from artworks created with these parameters, the very ones that that are based on contradiction and accept contradiction as their point of departure. Key Words: LIGHT; DARKNESS; CONTEMPORARY ART; TECHNOLOGY; SITE-SPECIFIC
Bcl-2 family proteins: master regulators of cell survival
Authors: Hatok Jozef , Racay Peter 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe most prominent function of proteins of the Bcl-2 family is regulation of the initiation of intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathways of apoptosis. However, recent research has revealed that in addition to regulation of mitochondrial apoptosis, proteins of the Bcl-2 family play important roles in regulating other cellular pathways with a strong impact on cell survival like autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, intracellular calcium dynamics, cell cycle progression, mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism. This review summarizes the recent knowledge about functions of Bcl-2 family proteins that are related to cell survival.
Pediatric reference intervals for alkaline phosphatase
Authors: Zierk Jakob , Arzideh Farhad , Haeckel Rainer , Cario Holger , Frühwald Michael C. , Groß Hans-Jürgen , Gscheidmeier Thomas , Hoffmann Reinhard , Krebs Alexander , Lichtinghagen Ralf , Neumann Michael , Ruf Hans-Georg , Steigerwald Udo , Streichert Thomas , Rascher Wolfgang , Metzler Markus , Rauh Manfred 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background:
Interpretation of alkaline phosphatase activity in children is challenging due to extensive changes with growth and puberty leading to distinct sex- and age-specific dynamics. Continuous percentile charts from birth to adulthood allow accurate consideration of these dynamics and seem reasonable for an analyte as closely linked to growth as alkaline phosphatase. However, the ethical and practical challenges unique to pediatric reference intervals have restricted the creation of such percentile charts, resulting in limitations when clinical decisions are based on alkaline phosphatase activity.

Methods:
We applied an indirect method to generate percentile charts for alkaline phosphatase activity using clinical laboratory data collected during the clinical care of patients. A total of 361,405 samples from 124,440 patients from six German tertiary care centers and one German laboratory service provider measured between January 2004 and June 2015 were analyzed. Measurement of alkaline phosphatase activity was performed on Roche Cobas analyzers using the IFCC’s photometric method.

Results:
We created percentile charts for alkaline phosphatase activity in girls and boys from birth to 18 years which can be used as reference intervals. Additionally, data tables of age- and sex-specific percentile values allow the incorporation of these results into laboratory information systems.

Conclusions:
The percentile charts provided enable the appropriate differential diagnosis of changes in alkaline phosphatase activity due to disease and changes due to physiological development. After local validation, integration of the provided percentile charts into result reporting facilitates precise assessment of alkaline phosphatase dynamics in pediatrics.
Das Unvorstellbare und die Vorstellung. Zur Imagination in Dantes Purgatorio (Canti IX–XVII)
Authors: Stillers Rainer 
Published: August 2016

Riassunto
Nella Commedia Dante cerca di rendere immaginabile una realtà che in fondo è inimmaginabile perché i viventi non possono avervi accesso. Se un progetto poetico talmente ardito riuscirà a suscitare l’effetto voluto nei suoi lettori, dunque, dipende essenzialmente dall’immaginazione. In un primo momento il contributo traccerà la posizione che spetta a tale facoltà nel sistema dell’antropologia dantesca. La parte principale, poi, analizzerà Purgatorio IX- XVII, dove Dante mette in scena il ruolo dell’immaginazione. Vi si può constatare da un lato un significativo distanziamento delle immagini mentali (interiori) dalle immagini mediali e dall’altro una sempre maggiore tematizzazione del testo stesso (e delle sue qualità mediali). La sequenza dei canti analizzati culmina in una sorta di fenomenologia dell’immaginazione.
Brot und Milch. Die Metaphorik der geistigen Speise im Paradiso und in der ersten Ekloge an Giovanni del Virgilio und ihre metapoetischen Implikationen
Authors: Ott Christine 
Published: August 2016

Riassunto
Il contributo esamina i significati allegorici e metapoetici che il motivo del cibo spirituale acquista in alcuni canti del Paradiso e nella prima epistola a Giovanni del Virgilio. I significati di latte e pane in Dante saranno elucidati sullo sfondo dell’uso che la patristica fa di questi simboli alimentari e in riguardo alla venerazione popolare della Maria lactans. Attenzione particolare sarà data all’immagine del latte e dell’allattamento, che in Dante appare con accezioni molte diverse, talvolte addirittura opposte, a seconda che si tratti del latte delle Muse, del latte con cui la Vergine nutre i suoi fedeli oppure ancora del latte che appare nel contesto bucolico dell’epistola a Del Virgilio.
Die Grußszene und die Stimme in Dantes Vita nuova
Authors: Wild Cornelia 
Published: August 2016

Riassunto
Con la cosiddetta scena del saluto, Dante realizza nella sua Vita nuova una complessa autorizzazione di sé come autore. La scena del saluto, infatti, indirizza la nostra attenzione verso il linguaggio del testo, il suo discours, e quindi non solo verso una riflessione sul soggetto del discorso, bensì anche verso le condizioni di quest’ultimo. Con il discorso che nasce dalla bocca di una donna viene introdotto nella Vita nuova un secondo livello del discorso, il quale motiva l’autorità da esso inscenata, ma la mette anche in dubbio.
Novelty of Penicillium camembertii Lipase Supported on Glutaraldehyde Activated-SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica for Mono-Esterification of Bioglycerol in Non-Aqueous Media
Authors: Hude Moreshwar P. , Kozinski Janusz , Dalai Ajay K. , Yadav Ganapati D. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Hexagonal mesoporous type silica SBA-15 with pore sizes in the range 5.0–8.3 nm was synthesized using non-ionic triblock copolymer and characterized by Accelerated Surface Area Porosimetry (ASAP), FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Different lipases were immobilized in glutaraldehyde activated mesoporous SBA-15 support. The resulting supported enzymes were shown to be active and stable catalysts for esterification of glycerol with oleic acid to produce monoglyceride (MG) which is commonly used in food industry. Various parameters were studied systematically to study kinetics. MG Synthesis using enzymatic process is an environmentally friendly approach. Enzyme immobilized on SBA-15 showed the best stability and catalytic activity in organic solvents. Out of various lipases studied penicillium camembertii (Lipase G) produced MG efficiently at low temperature. Reusability was studied on immobilized enzymes. Immobilized lipase maintained 90 % of its esterification activity in non-aqueous media even after 4 cycles of use. The selectivity of Lipase G is found to be 98 % for monoacylglyceride.
Bayesian belief network for assessing impact of factors on army’s lean–agile replenishment system
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Kulkarni Makarand S 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
A dynamic time-separated lean–agile spare part replenishment system can prove beneficial to the army by being efficient (cost saving) during peace and effective (assured availability) during war. The logistics echelons must have certain attributes in order to implement such a dynamic replenishment system. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors/attributes that are necessary in a spare part replenishment system of vehicles and weapon platforms in order to implement a time-separated lean–agile strategy through a systematic literature review. Furthermore, the article will investigate the impact of these factors/attributes, individually and collectively, on overall system performance. This will enable logistics managers to focus only on the factors that have greater impact on the system. A model explaining the effects of various contributory factors/attributes on the overall logistics system has been developed through a comprehensive literature review, experts’ judgments and inputs from practising logisticians in the military field. The article then models the system using a Bayesian belief network (BBN) on Netica software. After the development of the model using Netica, a sensitivity analysis based on the mutual information criterion is conducted to identify the critical factors that most significantly affect a dynamic lean–agile spare part replenishment system. The study addresses the identified need of applying BBN to model an uncertain and complex military logistics domain.
Prevalence and intensity of flea Tunga monositus (Siphonaptera) in an insular population of Peromyscus maniculatus (Rodentia) from Northwest Mexico
Authors: Camargo Issac , Romero-Callejas Evangelina , Cornejo-Latorre Cristian , Rios Evelyn , Álvarez-Castañeda Sergio Ticul 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We surveyed the status of the endemic deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus
exiguus from San Martin Island, Baja California, Mexico where the population is numerous. A total of 89 adult rodents of P. m. exiguus were caught, 51 of which were parasitized by the flea Tunga monositus (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae); prevalence was 57% and the mean infection intensity was 1.8 parasites per host. No significant differences in prevalence were found between both sexes and between sites. Our results showed a higher infection percentage than those reported in previous studies for the species.
Schedules for Pneumococcal Vaccination of Preterm Infants: An RCT
Authors: Kent Alison , Ladhani Shamez N. , Andrews Nick J. , Scorrer Tim , Pollard Andrew J. , Clarke Paul , Hughes Stephen M. , Heal Carrie , Menson Esse , Chang John , Satodia Prakash , Collinson Andrew C. , Faust Saul N. , Goldblatt David , Miller Elizabeth , Heath Paul T. ,   on behalf of the PUNS Study Group
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Premature infants have a higher risk of invasive pneumococcal disease and are more likely to have lower vaccine responses compared with term infants. Increasingly, immunization schedules are including a reduced, 2-dose, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine priming schedule. Our goal was to assess the immunogenicity of 3 commonly used 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) priming schedules in premature infants and their response to a 12-month booster dose.

METHODS:
Premature infants (&lt;35 weeks’ gestation) were randomized to receive PCV13 at 2 and 4 months (reduced schedule); 2, 3, and 4 months (accelerated schedule); or 2, 4, and 6 months (extended schedule). All infants received a 12-month PCV13 booster. Serotype-specific pneumococcal immunoglobulin G (IgG) for PCV13 serotypes was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 1 month after the primary and booster vaccinations.

RESULTS:
A total of 210 infants (median birth gestation, 29+6 weeks; range, 23+2–34+6 weeks) were included. After the primary vaccination, 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62–85), 88% (95% CI, 76–95), and 97% (95% CI, 87–99) of participants had protective antibody concentrations for at least one-half the PCV13 serotypes for the reduced, accelerated, and extended schedules, respectively. After the booster vaccination, participants receiving the extended schedule had significantly lower (P &lt; .05) geometric mean concentrations compared with reduced (for 9 of 13 serotypes) and accelerated (for 4 of 13 serotypes) schedules, but nearly all participations, regardless of schedule or serotype, had seroprotective IgG concentrations.

CONCLUSIONS:
A reduced priming schedule of PCV13 resulted in higher post-booster IgG concentrations but lower post-primary concentrations. The optimum vaccine schedule for preterm infants will therefore depend on when they are most at risk for invasive pneumococcal disease.
Reasons for Trying E-cigarettes and Risk of Continued Use
Authors: Bold Krysten W. , Kong Grace , Cavallo Dana A. , Camenga Deepa R. , Krishnan-Sarin Suchitra 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND:
Longitudinal research is needed to identify predictors of continued electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among youth. We expected that certain reasons for first trying e-cigarettes would predict continued use over time (eg, good flavors, friends use), whereas other reasons would not predict continued use (eg, curiosity).

METHODS:
Longitudinal surveys from middle and high school students from fall 2013 (wave 1) and spring 2014 (wave 2) were used to examine reasons for trying e-cigarettes as predictors of continued e-cigarette use over time. Ever e-cigarette users (n = 340) at wave 1 were categorized into those using or not using e-cigarettes at wave 2. Among those who continued using e-cigarettes, reasons for trying e-cigarettes were examined as predictors of use frequency, measured as the number of days using e-cigarettes in the past 30 days at wave 2. Covariates included age, sex, race, and smoking of traditional cigarettes.

RESULTS:
Several reasons for first trying e-cigarettes predicted continued use, including low cost, the ability to use e-cigarettes anywhere, and to quit smoking regular cigarettes. Trying e-cigarettes because of low cost also predicted more days of e-cigarette use at wave 2. Being younger or a current smoker of traditional cigarettes also predicted continued use and more frequent use over time.

CONCLUSIONS:
Regulatory strategies such as increasing cost or prohibiting e-cigarette use in certain places may be important for preventing continued use in youth. In addition, interventions targeting current cigarette smokers and younger students may also be needed.
Mesoscopically Periodic Photonic-Crystal Materials for Linear and Nonlinear Optics and Chemical Sensing
Authors: Asher Sanford A. , Holtz John , Weissman Jesse , Pan Guisheng 
Published: August 2016

Over the past decade, we have been working to develop intelligent photonic-crystal materials with unique properties, which will be useful in a number of technological areas. These photonic-crystal materials utilize mesoscopically periodic arrays of spherical particles as their active optical elements and are easily fabricated chemically by the use of crystalline-colloidal-array (CCA) self-assembly techniques.Crystalline colloidal arrays are mesoscopically periodic fluid materials, which efficiently diffract light meeting the Bragg condition. These photonic-crystal materials consist of arrays of colloidal particles that self-assemble in solution into either face-centered-cubic (fcc) or body-centered-cubic (bcc) crystalline arrays (Figure 1), with lattice constants in the mesoscale size range (50-500 nm). Just as atomic crystals diffract x-rays that meet the Bragg condition, CCAs diffract ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light, depending on the lattice spacing; the diffraction phenomena resemble those of opals, which are close-packed arrays of monodisperse silica spheres.The CCA however can be prepared as macroscopically ordered arrays of non-close-packed spheres. This self-assembly is the result of electrostatic repulsions between colloidal particles, each of which has numerous charged surface functional groups. We have concentrated on the development of CCAs that diffract light in the visible spectral region and generally utilize colloidal particles of ~100-nm diameter. These particles have thousands of surface charges, which result from the ionization of surface sulfonate groups. The nearest-neighbor distances are often >200 nm.
Material Matters
Authors: Stoll W. 
Published: August 2016

The following article is based on a talk for Symposium X presented by Wolfgang Stoll, Chief Scientific Advisor and Consultant in Siemens, Germany, at the 1996 MRS Fall Meeting.Since 1941 when Glenn Seaborg first isolated plutonium in milligram quantities, the total amount converted through neutron capture in U-238 has increased worldwide to about 1,200 tons and continues to grow about 70 tons/year. What was fissioned in situ in operating nuclear power stations is roughly equivalent to 5 billion tons of black coal, while the fission energy contained in those 1,200 tons unloaded in spent fuel is equivalent to another 2 billion tons of coal. About 260 of these 1,200 tons are ready to release their energy in about 4 kg-portions each in microseconds which is equivalent to 10,000 tons of coal. Most people believe this release of energy poses a major threat of the worldwide arsenal of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). The about 20-fold overkill stored in worldwide WMD is considered superfluous after the crumbling of the Soviet Union. Options are sought to dispose of this surplus in a safe, speedy, and controllable manner. While for highly enriched uranium (HEU) (the other nuclear weapons material) dilution into low-enriched uranium and utilization in current light water reactors (LWR) poses market adaptation problems only, and while the worldwide consensus on the elimination of chemical and biological WMD is still in an initial phase, the decision of both the United States (US) and the former Soviet Union (FSU) to remove most of the plutonium out of weapons looks as if it was a firm political decision.
Applications of Silicon-Based Optoelectronics
Authors: Soref Richard 
Published: August 2016

Silicon-based optoelectronics is a diversified technology that has grown steadily but not exponentially over the past decade. Some applications—such as smart-pixel signal processing and chip-to-chip optical interconnects—have enjoyed impressive growth, whereas other applications have remained quiescent. A few important applications such as optical diagnosis of leaky metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect-transistor circuits, have appeared suddenly. Over the years, research and development has unveiled some unique and significant aspects of Si-based optoelectronics. The main limitation of this technology is the lack of practical silicon light sources—Si lasers and efficient Si light-emitting devices (LEDs)—though investigators are “getting close” to the LED.Silicon-based optoelectronics refers to the integration of photonic and electronic components on a Si chip or wafer. The photonics adds value to the electronics, and the electronics offers low-cost mass-production benefits. The electronics includes complementary-metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS), very large-scale integration (VLSI), bipolar CMOS, SiGe/Si heterojunction bipolar transistors, and heterostructure field-effect transistors. In this discussion, we will use a loose definition of optoelectronics that includes photonic and optoelectronic integrated circuits (PICs and OEICs), Si optical benches, and micro-optoelectromechanical (MOEM) platforms. Optoelectronic chips and platforms are subsystems of computer systems, communication networks, etc. Silicon substrates feature a superior native oxide, in addition to excellent thermal, mechanical, and economic properties. Silicon wafers “shine” as substrates for PICs and OEICs.