bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Pasture Rearing on the Cecal Bacterial Microbiota in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Čermák L. , Skřivanová E. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Differences in quantity of cecal microbiota in broiler chickens from conventional and pasture rearing were investigated by cultivation. Rearing on pasture brings stress reduction and increases comfort and bird welfare, which leads to products with better taste and flavour compared to conventionally produced broiler chickens. A difference in cecal settlement of general anaerobes, coliforms, lactic acid bacteria, and campylobacters and salmonellas in the two different rearing systems was addressed. Whereas numbers of total anaerobes and lactic acid bacteria were not affected, those of coliforms were significantly reduced in pasture rearing. Campylobacters were found only in pasture-reared chickens (in 28% of animals). Salmonellas were not detected in any of the systems.
Devotion and/or Destruction? The Meaning and Function of חרם in the Old Testament
Authors: Versluis Arie 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article examines the meaning and function of the verb חרם in the Old Testament. A survey of the semantic domain shows that in contexts of war the verb indicates the extermination or destruction of people, emphasizing the radical nature of the destruction. The usual interpretation of the verb as »to devote to destruction« is problematic. The use of the verb in the Mesha Inscription, which is often mentioned in favour of this interpretation, is not identical with the use in the Old Testament. In the Mesha Inscription, the verb has the meaning »to devote«, but both the construction (with the complement
Online Detection of Strand Breakage for Sirospun Yarn
Authors: Liu J. H. , Li Q. , Jiang H. X. , Ma D. D. , Tang J. Z. , Zhang J. N. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
During the Siro-spin process, breakage of one strand arm would cause an extremely serious fabric fault. It is difficult to detect the breakage of one strand arm and give indication for operators. In this research, a kind of photoelectric detection sensor was developed. The sensor distinguishes breakage of one strand arm by probing the difference of the pulse width of the pulse before and after breaking one strand of the yarn in the process of Sirospun. The experimental results show that the system can detect the breakage of one strand arm. The average pulse width is about 0.78 μs in normal status and 1.95 μs in errors status for 40-s yarn. That was caused by the change of yarn diameter, balloon shape, and hairiness. The pulse width was also affected by the yarn thickness and position of the steel plate.
Investigation into the Flow-Blocking Ability of a Novel Magneto-Rheological Damper Unit
Authors: Meeser R. F. , Kaul S. , Els P. S. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This paper investigates the flow-blocking ability of a novel valve-mode magneto-rheological (MR) device to determine whether it can be used to replace the existing electro-mechanical solenoid valves that are used to control the semi-active spring characteristics in a four-state, semi-active vehicle suspension system (called the 4S4 system). MR fluids exhibit a reversible behavior that is controlled by changing the intensity of an externally applied magnetic field, allowing a change in the effective viscosity of the fluid. A mathematical model of the proposed flow-blocking valve has been developed using a combination of the quasi-Newtonian fluid model and the Bingham plastic model. This model has been modified with suitable parameters and is used to predict the blocking characteristics of the MR valve. An experimental setup has been developed with a prototype triple-pass valve mode MR fluid channel. The experimental results demonstrate that the MR valve designed and developed in this study is capable of generating a significantly high-pressure drop at very low flow rates, effectively blocking flow for practical use in the 4S4 system.
Investigations on Pervious Concrete Properties Using Ultrasonic Wave Applications
Authors: Chandrappa A. K. , Biligiri K. P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to investigate the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) in pervious concrete specimens, and then determine the tortuosity indices of those specimens using the airborne ultrasound method. Twenty-four pervious concrete mixtures were prepared and UPV was determined at four different gains. The experimental results indicated that, as gain increased, the UPV increased, and the rate of increase reduced at higher gains. Two statistical methods were utilized to investigate the effect of gain on UPV. An optimal gain was found from statistical assessment, which was rational in capturing correct UPV values of pervious concrete. The tortuosity experiments validated the existence of slow compressional waves, and indices determined in this study were in the range of 1.619–1.701. The scatter plots showed that with increase in porosity and permeability of pervious concrete mixture, there was a reduction in tortuosity. Additionally, tortuosity determined from airborne ultrasound technique agreed well with those estimated from available models.
Preliminary Study of Pervious Concrete on Pavement and Seawall
Authors: Lee M. -G. , Huang T. , Huang Y. , Peng C. -P. , Su Y. -M. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Climate change is a hugely important issue human being are facing. Sustainable development and green building can be one of the solutions to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Pervious concrete is one type of green material. Pervious concrete can keep the runoff of rainwater as a water resource, such that the environment can be preserved and heat island effects can be reduced. In general, pervious concrete is not only used on pavement but also employed in coastal structures, artificial fish reefs, and seawalls in Taiwan. This paper focused on studying the characteristics of applying the designed pervious concrete on pavement and seawall utility. The experimental results showed that the compression strength of the field specimen can be up to 275.7 kgf/cm2, and as such, does exceed the specifications of normal concrete structure. The pervious concrete used in this study had the capacity to penetrate water, and the field permeability test for the simulated field site is 1100 ml/15 sec. As for the seawall made of the pervious concrete, the experimental results showed that the seawall does reduce the phenomena of wave run-up by comparing the seawall made of normal concrete specimens. Furthermore, it was shown that the surface temperature of the pervious concrete fluctuates quicker than normal concrete does. The preliminary results of this study are valuable and serve a useful reference for designing and constructing pervious concrete in the future.
Evaluation of Nano-TiO2 Modified Waterborne Epoxy Resin as Fog Seal and Exhaust Degradation Material in Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Hu C. , Ma J. , Jiang H. , Chen Z. , Zhao J. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of TiO2 waterborne epoxy resin as fog seal and exhaust degradation material in asphalt pavement. To achieve this objective, a commercial anatase/rutile mixed-phase nano-TiO2 was added to waterborne epoxy resin at various percentages. Prepared TiO2 coating was characterized with the use of adhesive shear strength test and laboratory photocatalytic performance test, which was performed with a newly developed apparatus for the study of vehicle exhaust decomposition. In addition, the impact of TiO2 coating on skid resistance and permeability of asphalt pavement was analyzed, with the British Pendulum, sand patch method, and pavement permeability test. The results of the experiments indicated that TiO2 waterborne epoxy resin coating was very effective in decomposing NO, HC, and CO pollutants from automobile exhaust. Moreover, application of waterborne epoxy resin as fog seal could maintain the skid resistance and improve the impermeability of the pavement.
LOI-Based Pulsed Eddy Current Evaluation of Hidden Material Degradation in Coated Nonmagnetic Conductors
Authors: Li Y. , Jing H. , Yan B. , Zhang X. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Coated nonmagnetic conductors are subject to material degradation hidden under nonmetallic coating. It is formidable to evaluate the degradation degree and thickness of degradation region without removing the non-conductive coating. In light of this, in this paper the feasibility of pulsed eddy current (PEC) probes for nondestructive assessment of hidden material degradation in coated nonmagnetic conductors was investigated. The characteristics of lift-off intersection (LOI) of signals from PEC probes were utilized in a bid to cancel out the influence of coating thickness on signals. A fast inverse scheme based on LOI was proposed, along with the probe to implement simultaneous evaluation of the degradation degree and thickness. A series of experiments revealed that the proposed probe is high-efficiency and capable of assessing hidden material degradation without much loss of accuracy.
Development of Cuttability Abacuses in Abrasive Waterjet Cutting With Regard to Depth of Cut and Roughness of Cut Surfaces
Authors: Ozcelik Y. , Engin İ. C. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop a cuttability abacus, including traverse speed and pump pressure, with regard to depth of cut and roughness-of-cut surface in the cutting operation using an abrasive waterjet on limestone, commercially named Sivrihisar Light Beige. For this purpose, cuttings were realized with an abrasive waterjet cutting machine at six different traverse speeds (400, 600, 800, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mm/min) and six different pump pressures (90, 120, 180, 230, 300, and 360 MPa) with constant standoff distance, abrasive flow rate, and nozzle diameter depending on the factorial design of the experiment by using Design Expert 7.1. Experimental measurements using a digital caliper for the depth of cut and a Surftest SJ-400 surface roughness tester for roughness, after the cutting operations, were also carried out. As a result, a cuttability abacus for a limestone sample was developed for abrasive waterjet cutting, and is presented in this study. These abacuses could be of help in the natural stone industry with regard to a more efficient usage of the abrasive waterjet cutting machine. By using them, it is easy to specify the depth of cut and roughness values in different operational parameters before starting the cutting operation. These abacuses also can be used in the machining and engraving of marble slabs and tiles for technical and artistic purposes.
A PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO CAMPO DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL NO REGIME DE ACUMULAÇÃO FLEXÍVEL
Authors: Grabowski Gabriel , Kuenzer Acácia Zeneida 
Published: October 2016

Esse texto parte do seguinte questionamento: existe um campo epistemológico próprio da educação profissional? Entendendo campo epistemológico como o estudo crítico dos princípios, das hipóteses e dos resultados das diversas ciências, destinado a determinar sua origem lógica, há que compreender a educação profissional, não como um campo em si, mas como parte do campo da ciência da educação, que se constitui por categorias de método e por categorias de conteúdo. Para tanto, sSerão analisadas algumas das categorias de conteúdo constituintes do campo epistemológico da educação, que assumem especificidades ao se tratar de educação profissional. A análise evidenciaou que a flexibilização do trabalho, categoria central a definir o campo epistemológico da educação em geral e da educação profissional no regime de acumulação flexível, representa o seu esgotamento, destruindo os poucos direitos que a classe trabalhadora conquistou ao longo de suas lutas.
REFORMULAÇÕES DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Ferretti Celso João 
Published: October 2016

Este texto aborda a reformulação do Ensino Médio, proposta nos anos recentes por meio do PL 6840, apresentado em Comissão Especial de Educação da Câmara Federal, em 2013. O PL 6840 tem um texto hibrido que, face às críticas, extirpou formulações mais polêmicas, incorporou elementos das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio aprovadas em 2011, mas não abriu mão do que era mais caro a seus propositores: a escolarização em tempo integral e o desenvolvimento do ensino médio tendo em vista não prioritariamente a formação básica, politécnica e omnilateral, em suma, a formação efetivamente integral, mas a de caráter mais específico e imediatista, tendo em vista, num primeiro momento, o encaminhamento para os cursos superiores e, ao final, a contribuição para as demandas que interessam à economia capitalista.
UMA DÉCADA DO PROEJA: SUA GÊNESE, BALANÇO E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Oliveira Edna Castro , Scopel Edna Graça 
Published: October 2016

O texto explora,a partir do contexto mais amplo das lutassociais, o percurso do Proeja ao longo da última década, buscando explicitar seus imbricamentos com o Decretonº 5.154 de2004, no processo de redemocratização do país. Para tal, analisa sua vinculação à reforma de Estado da década de 1990, aos compromissos assumidos pelo Brasil juntos aos organismos internacionais, desde a Conferência de Jomtien, sob os marcos da universalização da educação básica, o que tem orientado aênfase nas políticas focais e compensatórias voltadas para públicos considerados vulneráveis, o que produz e sustenta a manutenção da desigualdade educacional. Coloca em análise a construção do Proeja como política públicaperene, marcada por embates e contradições, bem como poralguns avanços pela mediação das pesquisas. Como resultados aponta para os desafios que sua oferta continua representando para a gestão dos Institutos Federais(IFs)e as perspectivas que se vislumbram a partir de experiências nasua continuidade, o que retoma a reflexão sobre o significado da inserção da modalidade EJA nos IFsconformelegislação vigente.
Franciszkańskie przesłanie „Laudato si’”
Authors: Jaromi Stanisław 
Published: October 2016

Franciszkańskie przesłanie encykliki Laudato si’ ukazuje się czytelnikowi dokumentu już od pierwszego wersu, który jest bezpośrednim nawiązaniem do słynnego Hymnu stworzenia św. Franciszka z Asyżu. Niniejszy artykuł zarysowuje różne franciszkańskie inspiracje papieskiego dokumentu, również w jej analizach teologicznych bazujących na myśli franciszkańskiego teologa i filozofa św. Bonawentury. Próbuje też pokazać inne franciszkańskie elementy katechezy papieża Franciszka oraz przywołuje franciszkańskich braci tworzących przed wiekami myśl społeczno­‑ekonomiczną obecną na kartach encykliki. Tym samym udowadnia, że głoszona rewolucyjność nauczania papieskiego jest w dużej mierze mocno zakorzeniona w katolickiej tradycji franciszkańskiej.
Ojcostwo duchowe w myśli patrystycznej – zarys zagadnienia
Authors: Kasprzak Dariusz 
Published: October 2016

W Biblii oraz w pierwotnej tradycji chrześcijańskiej (I–III wiek) nie spotykamy opisów praktycznego prowadzenia duchowego. Jako ćwiczenie duchowe ojcostwo duchowe powstało dopiero w IV wieku wśród mnichów egipskich. Celem podstawowym tej praktyki było znalezienie sposobu na własne zbawienie, zaś celami doraźnymi były: dojście do dojrzałości chrześcijańskiej, przejawiającej się w duchu rozeznania siebie, osiągnięcie kontemplacji, wewnętrznego spokoju i apathei. Wiodącym wątkiem formacyjnym w ojcostwie duchowym u omawianych mnichów było dzielenie się osobistymi przeżyciami duchowymi, szczególnie istotna była zaś praktyka wyjawiania swych myśli.
Vegetative State: Difficulty in Identifying Consciousness and Predicting Outcome
Authors: Kondratyeva E. A. , Avdunina I. A. , Kondratyev A. N. , Ulitin A. U. , Ivanova N. E. , Petrova M. V. , Luginina E. V. , Grechko A. V. 
Published: October 2016

Article consists of literature review, authors experience of the application of neurovisualization and neurophysiological research methods to predict the recovery of consciousness in patients in vegetative state (VS). According to the literature data PET with FDG has higher sensitivity in the detection of signs of consciousness, then functional MRI (fMRI). The method fMRI allows assessing the functional activity of the brain in a state of rest and in response to stimulation with different modalities ― visual, auditory, etc (with the application of active and passive paradigm). A higher specificity in the detection of signs of consciousness have the methodology of fMRI with the active paradigm, at the same time, the absence of signs of consciousness according to the fMRI can not be charged as a basis for the conclusion of a poor prognosis in a particular patient. Neurophysiological tests (EEG, TMS, EP, etc) are more readily available and quite effective. Based on the literature analysis, the authors comes to the conclusion that neurovisualization and neurophysiological tests used in the prediction of the outcome of VS reflects the residual functional activity of different brain areas, in a context of diffuse brain damage, and the recovery of consciousness is usually combined with the restoring of the functional activity off the thalamocortical tracts, which activity, indirectly, is evaluated using these methods. In the authors' opinions, the main disadvantage in the interpretation of the is the lack of a common pathophysiological concept of the organization of brain functions in VS patients. The authors offer for the discussion their concept of stable pathological states of the brain, which is based on the works of Russian pathophysiologists.
Decreases in Suicide Deaths and Attempts Linked to the White Mountain Apache Suicide Surveillance and Prevention System, 2001–2012
Authors: Cwik Mary F. , Tingey Lauren , Maschino Alexandra , Goklish Novalene , Larzelere-Hinton Francene , Walkup John , Barlow Allison 
Published: October 2016

Objectives. We evaluated the impact of a comprehensive, multitiered youth suicide prevention program among the White Mountain Apache of Arizona since its implementation in 2006. Methods. Using data from the tribally mandated Celebrating Life surveillance system, we compared the rates, numbers, and characteristics of suicide deaths and attempts from 2007 to 2012 with those from 2001 to 2006. Results. The overall Apache suicide death rates dropped from 40.0 to 24.7 per 100 000 (38.3% decrease), and the rate among those aged 15 to 24 years dropped from 128.5 to 99.0 per 100 000 (23.0% decrease). The annual number of attempts also dropped from 75 (in 2007) to 35 individuals (in 2012). National rates remained relatively stable during this time, at 10 to 13 per 100 000. Conclusions. Although national rates remained stable or increased slightly, the overall Apache suicide death rates dropped following the suicide prevention program. The community surveillance system served a critical role in providing a foundation for prevention programming and evaluation.
Bicycle Use and Cyclist Safety Following Boston’s Bicycle Infrastructure Expansion, 2009–2012
Authors: Pedroso Felipe E. , Angriman Federico , Bellows Alexandra L. , Taylor Kathryn 
Published: October 2016

Objectives. To evaluate changes in bicycle use and cyclist safety in Boston, Massachusetts, following the rapid expansion of its bicycle infrastructure between 2007 and 2014. Methods. We measured bicycle lane mileage, a surrogate for bicycle infrastructure expansion, and quantified total estimated number of commuters. In addition, we calculated the number of reported bicycle accidents from 2009 to 2012. Bicycle accident and injury trends over time were assessed via generalized linear models. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with bicycle injuries. Results. Boston increased its total bicycle lane mileage from 0.034 miles in 2007 to 92.2 miles in 2014 (P < .001). The percentage of bicycle commuters increased from 0.9% in 2005 to 2.4% in 2014 (P = .002) and the total percentage of bicycle accidents involving injuries diminished significantly, from 82.7% in 2009 to 74.6% in 2012. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that for every 1-year increase in time from 2009 to 2012, there was a 14% reduction in the odds of being injured in an accident. Conclusions. The expansion of Boston’s bicycle infrastructure was associated with increases in both bicycle use and cyclist safety.
Radial Head Arthroplasty Understuffing in the Setting of Longitudinal Radioulnar Dissociation
Authors: Jones Christopher M. , Beredjiklian Pedro K. 
Published: October 2016

Case:
We present a case in which underlengthening of the radius allowed proximal migration of the radius and ulnocarpal abutment in a patient with a comminuted radial head fracture and concomitant longitudinal forearm instability.

Conclusion:
Radial head arthroplasty is a common treatment for comminuted, displaced radial head fractures. Ideally, the dimensions of the radial head implant should match the native anatomy to restore elbow stability and kinematics. Underlengthening the radius by placing a small radial head implant can lead to carpal abutment at the wrist level.
Extensile Lateral Approach for the Operative Management of a Displaced Intra-Articular Calcaneus Fracture
Authors: Herscovici Dolfi 
Published: October 2016

Calcaneal fractures account for approximately 1.2% of all fractures and 60% of all tarsal bone fractures. Almost 75% present as displaced, intra-articular fractures. Because of the complex articular and osseous anatomy, the vulnerable soft-tissue envelope, and the technically challenging approach needed for fixation, these fractures are often treated nonoperatively, resulting in poor outcomes. These poor outcomes can include entrapment of the posterior tibial and sural nerves, impingement, dislocation or entrapment of peroneal tendons, a widened heel with a loss of height, hindfoot varus or valgus, formation of painful exostoses, development of posttraumatic arthritis of the subtalar and calcaneocuboid joints, and impingement of the ankle joint.
The current scientific literature supports fixation of displaced, intra-articular fractures. The principles of surgical fixation consist of reconstructing the height (obtained by improving the Böhler angle), narrowing the width, reconstructing the length, correcting any varus deformity of the tuberosity, and anatomically reducing the joint. However, at the time of initial presentation, there is often substantial swelling, with or without fracture blisters, that needs to be resolved prior to surgical fixation. During this waiting period, radiographic and computed tomography (CT) evaluations should be performed to assess the fracture pattern. Once re-epithelialization of the blisters and wrinkling of the skin are noted, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) can be performed.
The steps to an ORIF consist of (1) the use of an extensile lateral incision, with a subperiosteal dissection, that develops a full-thickness fasciocutaneous flap; (2) removal of the lateral wall, to allow visualization of the impacted joint; (3) removal of the lateral third or half of the joint to allow visualization of the medial two-thirds or half of the joint; (4) disimpaction of the medial half of the joint to its normal height, along with medialization of the tuberosity; (5) anatomic reduction of the posterior facet and fixation with lag screw(s); (6) possible use of a bone graft and replacement of the lateral wall; (7) spanning the calcaneus with a plate and screws; and (8) closure of the fasciocutaneous flap and skin over a drain.