bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Book Review: Higher Education, Leadership and Women Vice Chancellors
Authors: Eddy Pamela L. 
Published: December 2016

The paucity of women leaders in higher education continues despite advancement by women in other fronts of the educational pipeline. Today, more women are attending and graduating from college in the United States, but something occurs en route to the top-level leadership positions in these same college settings. The portrait of college leaders continues to consist of White men, as it has since the initial founding of universities. Paula Burkinshaw analyzes the situation of the missing women leaders in the United Kingdom, specifically in the position of Vice Chancellor. Burkinshaw’s long career in leadership development in university settings initially provided her with an awareness of the underrepresentation of women in top leadership positions. As she began her doctoral studies, she had an opportunity to ask “where are the women?” Her book builds on her dissertation research, which involved one-on-one interviews with 18 women who were vice chancellors.
The Effect of Two Factors on Interobserver Reliability for Proximal Humeral Fractures
Authors: Mellema Jos J. , Kuntz Michael T. , Guitton Thierry G. , Ring David 
Published: December 2016

Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to assess whether training observers and simplifying proximal humeral fracture classifications improve interobserver reliability among a large number of orthopaedic surgeons.

Methods:
One hundred eighty-five observers were randomized to receive training or no training in a simple classification for proximal humeral fractures before evaluating preoperative radiographs of a consecutive series of 30 patients who were treated with open reduction and internal fixation.

Results:
The overall interobserver reliability of the simple proximal humeral fracture classification system was low and not significantly different between the training and the no training group (κ = 0.20 and κ = 0.18, respectively; P = 0.10). Subgroup analyses showed that training improved the agreement among surgeons who have been in independent practice ≤5 years (κ = 0.23 versus κ = 0.14; P < 0.001), surgeons from the United States (κ = 0.23 versus κ = 0.16; P = 0.002), and general orthopaedic surgeons (κ = 0.42 versus κ = 0.15; P = 0.021).

Discussion:
Simplifying classifications and training observers did not improve the interobserver reliability for the diagnosis of proximal humeral fractures. However, training observers improved interobserver reliability of a simple proximal humeral fracture classification system among surgeons from the United States and, in particular, younger and less specialized surgeons. This finding may suggest that our interpretations of radiographic information might become more fixed and immutable with experience.
«Faena tenéis!». Archivos digitales y memoria oral
Authors: Vilar i Herrero Nelo , Larpenteur Cyrille 
Published: December 2016

El texto sigue un itinerario desde los ciber-museos o museos-digitales, que, haciendo uso de las TIC, resultan permanentemente accesibles, a los museos especí cos de memoria oral autobiografica, que recupera los saberes populares y que se han reconocido como patrimonio cultural inmaterial por la UNESCO en 2003. En cuanto a estos museos de memoria se toma opción por un modelo que no limite su sentido a la recopilación de memoria con un enfoque etnológico, sino que muestre cada vida como un material precioso, que además refuerza activamente los vínculos comunitarios. El trabajo en archivos digitales y museos de memoria oral permite procesar las identidades colectivas y los conceptos de tradición como instituciones construidas. Con estas nuevas identidades integra el pasado histórico y etnológico con los ujos migratorios y los cambios sociales y culturales.
De viaje… captando desplazamientos corpóreos en una ciudad que educa
Authors: Moreno Gómez William , Herrera Velásquez Maria Isabel , Hincapié Bedoya Daniel , Marulanda Hoyos Santiago 
Published: December 2016

El texto presenta ribetes del drama que viven los niños, niñas y adolescentes (en adelante NNA) de Medellín (Col.). Presenta la génesis y el sentido del viaje. Lo hace a través de una metodología de corte derivana que viene practicando el grupo de investigación Prácticas Corporales, Sociedad, Educación-Currículo (en adelante PES) en sus pesquisas, especialmente en los procesos de formación investigativa que adelanta su semillero desde hace ya siete años. Experiencia investigativo formativa que se interesa por la resignificación de las prácticas ludocorporales (en adelante LC) institucionalizadas y no institucionalizadas y su sentido en la configuración y reconfiguración del entramado social de la ciudad. Finalmente, documenta situaciones sociales, prácticas de ciudad captadas por la lente del viajante; obturaciones en medio de las cuales se dejan leer desplazamientos corpóreos que muestran acciones de talante lúdico, recreativo y existencial de los dependientes de la ciudad. Escapes que dejan ver la voluntad de algunos habitantes emblemáticos escribiendo ciudad; experiencias lc que suman en la cinética y el pulso de la energética urbana de una ciudad fragmentada, movilizada por cosmovisiones e intereses diversos. La ciudad tiene sonido, olor, sabor y textura; salta, ama y copula, juega, sueña, trabaja, se alimenta, baila: tiene motricidad.
Damping constant in a free layer in nanoscale CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions investigated by homodyne-detected ferromagnetic resonance
Authors: Shinozaki Motoya , Hirayama Eriko , Kanai Shun , Sato Hideo , Matsukura Fumihiro , Ohno Hideo 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We investigate the damping constant of a free layer with a perpendicular magnetic easy axis in nanoscale CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with a reference layer with an in-plane easy direction. The built-in noncollinear magnetization configuration in the MTJs allows us to measure homodyne-detected ferromagnetic resonance without tilting the magnetization direction of the free layer from the device normal. The damping constants determined from the spectral linewidths after the subtraction of the inhomogeneous broadening are nearly independent of the device diameter ranging from 70 to 100 nm, and take values similar to those reported for blanket CoFeB films.
Engineering of giant magnetoimpedance effect of amorphous and nanocrystalline microwires
Authors: Zhukova V. , Talaat A. , Ipatov M. , Granovsky A. , Zhukov A. 
Published: December 2016

We present our studies of the factors affecting soft magnetic properties and giant magnetoimpedance effect in thin amorphous and nanocrystalline microwires. We showed that the magnetoelastic anisotropy is one of the most important parameters that determine magnetic softness and GMI effect of glass-coated microwires and annealing can be very effective for manipulation the magnetic properties of amorphous ferromagnetic glass-coated microwires. Considerable magnetic softening and increasing of the GMI effect is observed in Fe-rich nanocrystalline FINEMET-type glass-coated microwires after the nanocrystallization.
Effects of titanomagnetite reordering processes on thermal demagnetization and paleointensity experiments
Authors: Bowles Julie A. , Jackson Mike J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTitanomagnetite (Fe3‐xTixO4, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) is a common, naturally occurring magnetic mineral critical to many paleomagnetic studies. Underlying most interpretations is the assumption that, lacking chemical alteration, Curie temperature (Tc) remains constant. However, recent work has demonstrated that Tc of many natural titanomagnetites varies strongly as a function of thermal history, independent of chemical alteration. This is inferred to arise from reordering of cations and/or vacancies in the crystal structure, and changes occur at temperatures and times relevant to standard paleomagnetic thermal treatments. Because changes take place at T < Tc, they have the potential to dramatically affect thermal remanence acquisition or demagnetization, impacting interpretation of paleomagnetic results. Here we have modeled the effects of reordering on standard thermal demagnetization and paleointensity experiments. Results suggest that Tc changes during laboratory heating make it impossible to accurately measure the unblocking temperature spectrum without modifying it. Samples with a starting Tc0 less than the closure temperature (Tclose) for the reordering process will develop a high‐temperature “tail” that did not exist prior to heating. Samples with a starting Tc0 > Tclose will have their original Tb spectrum truncated at T ≈ Tclose. Predicted behavior during Thellier‐type paleointensity experiments results in only modest deviations in NRM‐lost or pTRM*‐gained from the nonreordering case. Much larger deviations are predicted for pTRM checks. Compared to paleointensity results from titanomagnetite‐bearing pyroclastic deposits, modeled nonideal behavior occurs in the same temperature intervals, but is much more systematic. Reordering is likely one contributing factor to failure of paleointensity experiments.
Timing of optical maturation of recently exposed material on Ceres
Authors: Schmedemann Nico , Kneissl T. , Neesemann A. , Stephan K. , Jaumann R. , Krohn K. , Michael G. G. , Matz K. D. , Otto K. A. , Raymond C. A. , Russell C. T. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOn Ceres, multispectral imaging data from the Dawn spacecraft show a distinct bluish characteristic for recently exposed material from the subsurface in, for example, crater ejecta. Ejecta blankets of presumably old craters show a more reddish spectrum. We selected areas in which fresh material from the Cerean subsurface was exposed at a specific time in the past, and no later geologic process is expected to have changed its surface composition or its cratering record. For each area, we determined two color ratios and the crater retention age. The measured color ratios show an exponential diminishment of the bluish characteristic over time. Although the cause of the color change remains uncertain, the time‐dependent change in spectral properties is evident, which could help identify the process.
Liquid freshwater transport estimates from the East Greenland Current based on continuous measurements north of Denmark Strait
Authors: de Steur L. , Pickart R. S. , Macrander A. , Våge K. , Harden B. , Jónsson S. , Østerhus S. , Valdimarsson H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLiquid freshwater transports of the shelfbreak East Greenland Current (EGC) and the separated EGC are determined from mooring records from the Kögur section north of Denmark Strait between August 2011 and July 2012. The 11 month mean freshwater transport (FWT), relative to a salinity of 34.8, was 65 ± 11 mSv to the south. Approximately 70% of this was associated with the shelfbreak EGC and the remaining 30% with the separated EGC. Very large southward FWT ranging from 160 mSv to 120 mSv was observed from September to mid‐October 2011 and was foremost due to anomalously low upper‐layer salinities. The FWT may, however, be underestimated by approximately 5 mSv due to sampling biases in the upper ocean. The FWT on the Greenland shelf was estimated using additional inshore moorings deployed from 2012 to 2014. While the annual mean ranged from nearly zero during the first year to 18 mSv to the south during the second year, synoptically the FWT on the shelf can be significant. Furthermore, an anomalous event in autumn 2011 caused the shelfbreak EGC to reverse, leading to a large reduction in FWT. This reversed circulation was due to the passage of a large, 100 km wide anticyclone originating upstream from the shelfbreak. The late summer FWT of −131 mSv is 150% larger than earlier estimates based on sections in the late‐1990s and early‐2000s. This increase is likely the result of enhanced freshwater flux from the Arctic Ocean to the Nordic Seas during the early 2010s.
A case study of long gravity wave crests in noctilucent clouds and their origin in the upper tropospheric jet stream
Authors: Dalin P. , Gavrilov N. , Pertsev N. , Perminov V. , Pogoreltsev A. , Shevchuk N. , Dubietis A. , Völger P. , Zalcik M. , Ling A. , Kulikov S. , Zadorozhny A. , Salakhutdinov G. , Grigoryeva I. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAtmospheric gravity waves with very long crests (of 450–500 km length) and short horizontal wavelengths of about 20 km were observed in noctilucent clouds and were studied in detail for the first time. The gravity waves were slowly moving in opposite direction to the background wind indicating their forced generation outside the mesopause region. A ray‐tracing analysis using meteorological reanalysis and empirical atmospheric model data shows that a source of such peculiar gravity waves observed in noctilucent clouds was located near the tropopause and could be associated with the jet stream at altitudes 8–10 km. Two considered examples of very long wave crests confirm a significant role of the upper tropospheric jet stream as a source of gravity waves and reveal that these waves could propagate without critical levels to the mesopause in summertime.
Reply to comment by E. Bard et al. on “Younger Dryas sea level and meltwater pulse 1B recorded in Barbados reef crest coral Acropora palmata” by N. A. Abdul et al.
Authors: Mortlock Richard A. , Abdul Nicole A. , Wright James D. , Fairbanks Richard G. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAbdul et al. (2016) presented a detailed record of sea level at Barbados (13.9–9 kyr B.P.) tightly constraining the timing and amplitude during the Younger Dryas and Meltwater Pulse 1B (MWP‐1B) based on U‐Th dated reef crest coral species Acropora palmata. The Younger Dryas slow stand and the large (14 m) rapid sea level jump are not resolved in the Tahiti record. Tahiti sea level estimates are remarkably close to the Barbados sea level curve between 13.9 and 11.6 kyr but fall below the Barbados sea level curve for a few thousand years following MWP‐1B. By 9 kyr the Tahiti sea level estimates again converge with the Barbados sea level curve. Abdul et al. (2016) concluded that Tahiti reefs at the core sites did not keep up with intervals of rapidly rising sea level during MWP‐1B. We counter Bard et al. (2016) by showing (1) that there is no evidence for a hypothetical fault in Oistins Bay affecting one of the Barbados coring locations, (2) that the authors confuse the rare occurrences of A. palmata at depths >5 m with the “thickets” of A. palmata fronds representing the reef‐crest facies, and (3) that uncertainties in depth habitat proxies largely account for differences in Barbados and Tahiti sea level differences curves with A. palmata providing the most faithful proxy. Given the range in Tahiti paleodepth uncertainties at the cored sites, the most parsimonious explanation remains that Tahiti coralgal ridges did not keep up with the sea level rise of MWP‐1B.
Propellanes—From a Chemical Curiosity to “Explosive” Materials and Natural Products
Authors: Dilmaç Alicia M. , Spuling Eduard , de Meijere Armin , Bräse Stefan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPropellanes are a unique class of compounds currently consisting of well over 10 000 representatives, all featuring two more or less inverted tetrahedral carbon atoms that are common to three bridging rings. The central single bond between the two bridgeheads is significantly weakened in the smaller entities, which leads to unusual reactivities of these structurally interesting propeller‐like molecules. This Review highlights the synthesis of such propellanes and their occurrence in material sciences, natural products, and medicinal chemistry. The conversion of [1.1.1]propellane into bridgehead derivatives of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, including oligomers and polymers with bicyclo[1.1.1]penta‐1,3‐diyl repeat units, is also featured. A selection of natural products with larger propellane subunits are discussed in detail. Heteropropellanes and inorganic propellanes are also addressed. The historical background is touched in brief to show the pioneering work of David Ginsburg, Günther Snatzke, Kenneth B. Wiberg, Günter Szeimies, and others.
Modern Synthetic Avenues for the Preparation of Functional Fluorophores
Authors: de Moliner Fabio , Kielland Nicola , Lavilla Rodolfo , Vendrell Marc 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBiomedical research relies on the fast and accurate profiling of specific biomolecules and cells in a non‐invasive manner. Functional fluorophores are powerful tools for such studies. As these sophisticated structures are often difficult to access through conventional synthetic strategies, new chemical processes have been developed in the past few years. In this Minireview, we describe the most recent advances in the design, preparation, and fine‐tuning of fluorophores by means of multicomponent reactions, C−H activation processes, cycloadditions, and biomolecule‐based chemical transformations.
Finding a New Crystalline Sponge from a Crystallographic Database
Authors: Inokuma Yasuhide , Matsumura Kazuki , Yoshioka Shota , Fujita Makoto 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEmpirical searching conditions were adopted to identify suitable candidates from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) for crystalline sponge hosts for X‐ray crystallographic analysis of incoming guest compounds. After optimization of the solvent and soaking conditions, one of the candidates was used as a crystalline sponge for the structure determination of an aromatic guest.
High pretransplant hepcidin levels are associated with poor overall survival and delayed platelet engraftment after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Sakamoto Soichiro , Kawabata Hiroshi , Kanda Junya , Uchiyama Tatsuki , Mizumoto Chisaki , Kitano Toshiyuki , Kondo Tadakazu , Hishizawa Masakatsu , Tomosugi Naohisa , Takaori‐Kondo Akifumi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIron overload is considered a risk factor for mortality in patients with hematopoietic malignancies. Hepcidin is a key regulator of systemic iron balance. We previously reported dynamic changes of serum hepcidin‐25 levels in patients with hematologic malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the association of pretransplant hepcidin‐25 levels with overall survival (OS), engraftment, and other clinical outcomes of allo‐HSCT in patients with hematologic malignancies. A total of 166 patients were divided into two groups depending on their pretransplant serum hepcidin‐25 levels; their median age was 49.5 years, and the median follow‐up time was 46.8 months. At 3 years, the patients in the high‐hepcidin group had a significantly lower OS than those in the low‐hepcidin group (49.2 vs. 69.0%, respectively; P = 0.006). Multivariate analysis revealed that pretransplant serum hepcidin‐25 level, sex, and disease status were independently associated with OS. The incidence of platelet engraftment was significantly lower in the high‐hepcidin group than in the low‐hepcidin group, whereas no significant differences were observed in neutrophil and reticulocyte engraftments between these groups. Hence, pretransplant serum hepcidin levels can be a marker for predicting delayed platelet recovery after allo‐HSCT.
Fungal Glycolipid Hydrolase Inhibitors and Their Effect on Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Santana Andres G. , Tysoe Christina , Hu Guanggan , Kronstad James , Goddard‐Borger Ethan D. , Withers Stephen G. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPathogenic fungi kill an estimated 1.3 million people each year. This number is predicted to rise as drug resistance spreads, thus antifungal drugs with novel modes of action are urgently required. Fungal endoglycoceramidase‐related proteins 1 and 2 (EGCrP‐1 and ‐2), which hydrolyse glucosylceramide and ergosteryl β‐glucoside, respectively, are important for fungal cell growth and have been identified as potential targets for drug development. A library of iminosugar derivatives was screened against EGCrP‐1 and ‐2, and a number of competitive inhibitors with nanomolar affinities were identified. In addition, a mechanism‐based inhibitor was shown to form a covalent derivative with EGCrP‐2. Nine of the inhibitors were evaluated against Cryptococcus neoformans. Several showed growth inhibitory activity, but only against a C. neoformans strain lacking the outer fungal polysaccharide capsule; this implies that penetration into the cell is a significant handicap for these inhibitors. Pro‐drug versions of these inhibitors could address this issue.
Three‐Dimensional Super‐Branched PdCu Nanoarchitectures Exposed on Controlled Crystal Facets
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Li Cuiling , Kim Jung Ho , Alshehri Saad M. , Nakayama Tsuruo , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDespite the great success of controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals with various sizes and morphologies, an efficient one‐pot approach to preparing well‐organized three‐dimensional (3D) structures with unique facets exposed remains a great challenge. Herein, we report a unique 3D nanoarchitecture for PdCu alloy, created by a simple chemical reduction method, in which nanosized octahedral PdCu nanocrystals are directly assembled into 3D super‐branched structures. Detailed investigations of its electrocatalytic performance demonstrate that the as‐prepared facet‐controlled PdCu super‐branched nanostructures possess higher activity towards the formic acid oxidation reaction in comparison to the commercially available Pd black catalyst.
The Fractional Occupation Number Weighted Density as a Versatile Analysis Tool for Molecules with a Complicated Electronic Structure
Authors: Bauer Christoph Alexander , Hansen Andreas , Grimme Stefan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe fractional occupation number weighted density (FOD) analysis is explored as a general theoretical diagnostic for complicated electronic structures. Its main feature is to provide robustly and quickly the information on the localization of “hot” (strongly correlated and chemically active) electrons in a molecule. We demonstrate its usage in four different prototypical applications: 1) As a new and fast measure of the biradical character of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 2) for the selection of active orbital spaces in multiconfigurational or complete active space self consistent field (MCSCF/CASSCF) treatments, 3) as a possibility to describe molecular‐energy landscapes consistently in regions with varying biradical character, as exemplified by partial double‐bond torsions, and 4) as a powerful visualization method for static electron correlation effects in large biomolecules in connection with an efficient semi‐empirical tight‐binding molecular orbital scheme. The last application opens a full quantum‐mechanical, unbiased route to the automatic detection of errors in experimental protein X‐ray structures, such as false protonation states or misplaced atoms. In the first example, the complete (unfragmented) quantum‐chemical calculation of the FOD for an entire metalloprotein with more than 7500 atoms is described.