bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exemestane potency is unchanged by common nonsynonymous polymorphisms in CYP19A1: results of a novel anti‐aromatase activity assay examining exemestane and its derivatives
Authors: Peterson Amity , Xia Zuping , Chen Gang , Lazarus Philip 
Published: April 2017

AbstractExemestane (EXE) treats estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer in postmenopausal women by inhibiting the estrogen‐synthesizing cytochrome P450 CYP19A1. Variability in the severity and incidence of side effects as well as overall drug efficacy may be partially explained by genetic factors, including nonsynonymous variation in CYP19A1, also known as aromatase. The present study identified phase I EXE metabolites in human liver microsomes (HLM) and investigated mechanisms that may alter the extent of systemic estrogen deprivation in EXE‐treated women with breast cancer, including whether functional polymorphisms in aromatase cause differential inhibition by EXE and whether EXE metabolites possess anti‐aromatase activity. The potency of EXE and ten of its derivatives was measured with HEK293‐overexpressed wild type aromatase (CYP19A1*1) using a rapid novel UPLC tandem mass spectrometry method. Of the ten compounds assayed, five were poor inhibitors (IC50 ˃ 50 μmol/L) of wild type aromatase while five others, including the major metabolite, 17β‐dihydroexemestane (17β‐DHE), exhibited moderate potency, with IC50 values ranging between 1.2 and 7.1 μmol/L. The anti‐aromatase activity of EXE was also tested with two common allozymes, aromataseThr201Met (CYP19A1*3) and aromataseArg264Cys (CYP19A1*4). Differential inhibition of variant aromatase is unlikely to account for variable clinical outcomes as EXE‐mediated inhibition of aromataseThr201Met (IC50 = 0.86 ± 0.12 μmol/L) and aromataseArg264Cys (IC50 = 1.7 ± 0.65 μmol/L) did not significantly differ from wild type (IC50 = 0.92 ± 0.17 μmol/L). Although less potent than the parent drug, these results suggest that active metabolites may contribute to the therapeutic mechanism of EXE.
Self‐assembly of peptide boroxoles on cis‐dihydroxylated oligoamide templates in water
Authors: Wuttke André , Geyer Armin 
Published: April 2017

We develop templates that can be used to stabilize consistent oligomers of a bioactive peptide. In the present study, we synthesize oligomers of an antibody epitope from the amyloidogenic prion protein. Dynamic covalent chemistry is the basis for the spontaneous condensation of 2, 3, 4 or 6 peptides with qualified polyol templates presenting the required number of bioorthogonal ligation sites. To study this process in aqueous solution, the N‐terminal amino acid of a 13‐mer peptide is first acylated with 4‐carboxy‐benzoboroxole (1‐hydroxy‐1,3‐dihydrobenzo[c][1,2] oxaborole‐5‐carboxylic acid) and then mixed with the template to obtain self‐assembled miniamyloids of specified degree of oligomerization. The template is assembled from bicyclic dipeptides of alternating d‐ and l‐stereochemistry. The cis‐diol group of this dipeptide hot=Tap (hot: d‐hydroxythreonine, Tap: l‐thiaproline) has sufficiently high affinity for boroxoles in water. A single N3‐hot=Tap‐OMe dipeptide template forms a 1 : 1 complex with 4‐carboxy‐benzoboroxole with excellent diastereoselectivity. The oligomeric template N3‐(hot=Tap)n‐OMe (n = 2, 3, 4 or 6) presents a regular pattern of 2, 3, 4 or 6 cis‐diol groups for the spontaneous esterification with the same number of boronic acids. Nuclear magnetic resonance identifies the homogenous regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of this ligation process. The combination of electron‐poor benzoboroxoles with this optimized cis‐diol template allows for the complete ligation under high‐dilution conditions in water with only 1.3 equivalents of peptide‐boroxole per diol functionality. Copyright © 2017 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved adaptive lane‐keeping control for four‐wheel steering vehicles without lateral velocity measurements
Authors: Shu Panfeng , Sagara Shinichi , Wang Qiang , Oya Masahiro 
Published: April 2017

SummaryPreviously, we developed an adaptive lane‐keeping controller for vehicles without using lateral velocity measurements. However, the construction of the controller is very complex and not suitable for practical applications. To overcome this problem, we propose an improved adaptive lane‐keeping controller that is much simpler than the conventional controller. To obtain the improved controller, we propose an improved vehicle dynamic expression. In this dynamic expression, fewer elements are estimated adaptively as containing unknown vehicle parameters compared with the conventional expression. Moreover, a control performance improvement method is described theoretically. Finally, we report numerous simulations that validated the effectiveness of the improved controller. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cooperative Binding of Metal Cations to a Spiropyran‐Conjugated Calix[4]arene
Authors: Lee Minhe , Cho Daeheum , Kim Inwon , Lee Juhyen , Lee Jin Yong , Satheeshkumar Chinnadurai , Song Changsik 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCooperative binding occurs frequently in biological systems, but is less exploited in synthetic receptor molecules. We synthesized a bis(spiropyran)‐conjugated calix[4]arene (bSPTC) through a 1,2,3‐triazole linker and found cooperativity in bindings of a series of divalent metal cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Fe2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+). UV‐vis absorption spectroscopy and principle component analysis were used to differentiate the recognized metal cations. The binding stoichiometry was determined by various continuation methods, which indicated that bSPTC has two binding ratios, 1:1 for Zn2+ and 1:2 for all other metal cations. Importantly, positive cooperativity was suggested for the 1:2 stoichiometry of bSPTC to Mg2+ ions from the sigmoidal saturation curve and Hill equation analysis. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations imply that the first binding of Mg2+ to one spiropyran destabilizes the second spiropyran, which facilitates binding of a second Mg2+.
Metal‐Free Regioselective Dual C‐H Functionalization in a Cascade Fashion: Access to Isocryptolepine Alkaloid Analogues
Authors: Murugan Arumugavel , Vidyacharan Shinde , Ghosh Ruma , Sharada Duddu S. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA metal‐free regioselective approach to annulated indazoles is presented via dual C−H functionalization of indazole and benzylamine in a cascade fashion. The salient features of the present protocol are regioselective C3‐functionalization, one‐pot synthesis of annulated scaffolds, metal‐free, peroxide‐free, operationally simple and wide substrate scope.
Photovoltaic Monocrystalline Silicon Waste‐Derived Hierarchical Silicon/Flake Graphite/Carbon Composite as Low‐Cost and High‐Capacity Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lu Bing , Ma Bingjie , Yu Ruizhi , Lu Qun , Cai Siyu , Chen Manfang , Wu Zhenyu , Xiang Kaixiong , Wang Xianyou 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe silicon/flake graphite/carbon (Si/FG/C) composite with hierarchical structure has been designed, fabricated and used as anode material of lithium ion battery via a facile and attainable high temperature calcination method using photovoltaic monocrystalline silicon waste as silicon source. The physical characterization of the hierarchical Si/FG/C composite is conducted by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results reveal that the nano‐Si and flake graphite are effectively and homogenously encapsulated by pyrolytic carbon and form the Si/FG/C composite with hierarchical structure. The electrochemical measurements show that the Si/FG/C composite delivers a high initial specific capacity of 634 mAh g−1 and excellent Coulombic efficiency of 99.6 % at 0.2 C with a capacity retention of 82 % after 200 cycles, which is apparently higher than the capacity retention (57.96 %) of the same composition Si/C composite. Besides, the Si/FG/C composite behaves outstanding cycle stability and rate capability.
The modified dynamic‐based pushover analysis of steel moment resisting frames
Authors: Mirjalili M. R. , Rofooei F. R. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryA modified dynamic‐based pushover (MDP) analysis is proposed to properly consider the effects of higher modes and the nonlinear behavior of the structural systems. For this purpose, first, a dynamic‐based story force distribution (DSFD) load pattern is constructed using a linear dynamic analysis, either time history (THA) or response spectrum (RSA). Performing an initial pushover analysis with the DSFD load pattern, a nonlinearity modification factor (NMF) is calculated to modify the DSFD load pattern. The envelope of the peak responses of the structure obtained from 2 pushover analyses with the modified DSFD load pattern as well as the code suggested first mode load pattern are considered as the final demand parameters of the structural system. The efficiency of the proposed MDP procedure is investigated using the results of nonlinear THA besides some existing pushover procedures. For this purpose, the 2‐dimensional 9‐, 15‐, and 20‐story, SAC steel frame building models are considered for parametric studies using OpenSees program. The results indicate that the proposed MDP‐THA and MDP‐RSA methods can significantly improve the performance of the pushover analysis. Considering the accuracy and calculation efforts, the MDP‐RSA method is strongly suggested as an efficient and applicable method to estimate the nonlinear response demands of steel moment resisting frames.
Britain, France and the Empire, 1350–1500
Authors: Kekewich Margaret L. , Rose Susan 
Published: April 2017

This clear and concise book focuses on the history of the major realms in Northern Europe during a period in which the relatively stable society of the High Middle Ages was shaken by wars, plague and depopulation. Taking into account, and challenging, the findings of recent research, Margaret L. Kekewich and Susan Rose present their own distinctive interpretations.
Britain, France and the Empire, 1350-1500
- Contrasts the structure of rural society with the growing importance of towns and traders
- Examines the development of the political structures within the various realms
- Pays particular attention to the way in which ideals of kingship were or were not fulfilled in practice
- Discusses warfare and logistics
- Considers the enormous significance of religion alongside the evolution of a distinctive court society and the growth of intellectual interests
Adopting a thematic approach, and illustrated throughout, this is the ideal introductory guide to a transitional period in European history.
Clinicopathological Significance and Prognosis of Medullary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Jin Hwa , Pyo Jung‐Soo , Cho Won Jin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of the present meta‐analysis was to evaluate the clinicopathological significance and prognosis of micro‐MTC compared to macro‐MTC.MethodsRelevant articles were obtained by searching the PubMed and MEDLINE databases. A meta‐analysis was performed using 15 eligible studies. In addition, subgroup analysis based on heredity was performed in patients diagnosed with micro‐MTC.ResultsThe rate of extrathyroidal extension of micro‐MTC [0.118 (95% CI 0.073–0.185)] was significantly lower than that of macro‐MTC [0.303 (95% CI 0.224–0.395)]. Micro‐MTC [0.229 (95% CI 0.161–0.314)] had a significantly lower rate of cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis compared to macro‐MTC [0.595 (95% CI 0.486–0.694)]. The rate of multifocality was not significantly different between micro‐MTC and macro‐MTC [0.394 (95% CI 0.244–0.566) vs. 0.320 (95% CI 0.234–0.421), respectively]. The rate of distant metastasis did not differ significantly between micro‐MTC [0.082 (95% CI 0.017–0.314)] and macro‐MTC [0.068 (95% CI 0.009–0.376)]. Patients with micro‐MTC showed significantly higher disease‐free survival rates [hazard ratio [HR] 0.406 (95% CI 0.288–0.575), I2 = 40.563%] compared to patients with macro‐MTC.ConclusionMicro‐MTC has aggressive features, such as multifocality and distant metastasis, similar to macro‐MTC and a non‐negligible rate of extrathyroidal extension and cervical LN metastasis. We suggest that treatment of micro‐MTC should be approached with a similar focus as that of macro‐MTC. Considering that less extrathyroidal extension and cervical LN metastasis occur in patients with micro‐MTC compared to macro‐MTC, we propose that treatment of micro‐MTC, which has a relatively low disease burden status, should be viewed as an opportunity for improving prognosis.
Improved cider fermentation performance and quality with newly generated Saccharomyces cerevisiae × Saccharomyces eubayanus hybrids
Authors: Magalhães Frederico , Krogerus Kristoffer , Vidgren Virve , Sandell Mari , Gibson Brian 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Yeast cryotolerance may be advantageous for cider making, where low temperatures are usually employed. Here, we crossed the cryotolerant S. eubayanus with a S. cerevisiae wine strain and assessed the suitability of the hybrids for low-temperature cider fermentation. All strains fermented the juice to 5% ABV, but at different rates; hybrid strains outperformed S. cerevisiae, which was sensitive to low temperatures. The best hybrid fermented similarly to S. eubayanus. S. eubayanus produced sulphurous off flavours which masked a high concentration of fruity ester notes. This phenotype was absent in the hybrid strains, resulting in distinctly fruitier ciders. Aroma was assessed by an independent consumer panel, which rated the hybrid ciders as identical to the wine strain cider. Both were significantly more pleasant than the S. eubayanus cider. Interspecific hybridization can apparently be used effectively to improve low-temperature fermentation performance without compromising product quality.
Motivational Interviewing to prevent dropout from an education and employment program for young adults: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sayegh Caitlin S. , Huey Stanley J. , Barnett Elizabeth , Spruijt‐Metz Donna 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThis study tested the efficacy of Motivational Interviewing for improving retention at a “second chance” program in the United States for unemployed young adults who had not graduated high school (ages 18–24; 60% male). We investigated how Motivational Interviewing effects might be mediated by change talk (i.e., arguments for change) and moderated by preference for consistency (PFC). Participants (N = 100) were randomly assigned to (1) Motivational Interviewing designed to elicit change talk, (2) placebo counseling designed not to elicit change talk, or (3) no additional treatment. Motivational Interviewing sessions increased change talk, but did not increase program retention or diploma earning. PFC was a significant moderator of Motivational Interviewing's impact on program retention; Motivational Interviewing was most effective at increasing 8 week retention for high PFC participants, and least effective for low PFC participants. These results suggest that Motivational Interviewing could be a useful tool for improving retention in education and employment programs, but clinicians should be attentive to how participant characteristics might enhance or diminish Motivational Interviewing effects.
Entrenamiento de la musculatura del piso pélvico como parte del tratamiento para la disfunción eréctil después de prostatectomía radical: serie de casos, experiencia en un centro médico de alta complejidad
Authors: Molina-Valencia Eliana , Correa-Aristizabal Lizeth , Cantor Erika , Rivera Fabio , Ocampo-Trujillo Ángela 
Published: April 2017

Introducción La disfunción eréctil se ha reconocido como una complicación de la prostatectomía radical. El entrenamiento de los músculos del piso pélvico puede ser una opción terapéutica, sin embargo, existe poca evidencia sobre el efecto del entrenamiento en la función eréctil.Objetivo Describir el efecto de la rehabilitación de la musculatura de piso pélvico en la función eréctil en hombres > 40 años con disfunción eréctil después de prostatectomía radical.Métodos Estudio retrospectivo basado en la revisión de historias clínicas de pacientes con disfunción eréctil después de prostatectomía radical, sometidos a un protocolo de rehabilitación con ejercicios de músculos de piso pélvico, biofeedback y electroestimulación. La función eréctil se evaluó por el índice internacional de la función eréctil (IIEF-5). La presión de los elevadores del ano se midió con el equipo Myomed134 y la fuerza muscular con la escala modificada de Oxford.Resultados Se incluyeron 13 hombres con edad promedio de 63,2 ± 8 años, sin historia de consumo de tabaco y con índice de masa corporal de 24,9 ± 2,6 kg/m2. Antes de la intervención, se encontraron 10 casos con disfunción severa y 3 de leve a moderada, según el cuestionario IIEF-5. Después de la intervención, se encontró mejoría en 11 pacientes en la función eréctil: 7 con mejoría completa, 4 con disfunción eréctil leve. En 2 casos no se presentó mejoría.Conclusión El estudio muestra que el efecto del entrenamiento de la musculatura de piso pélvico es beneficioso en la recuperación de la función eréctil después de prostatectomía radical.
Experiencia en nefrolitotomía percutánea modificada en un centro urológico
Authors: Velasco-Piedrahita Jaime , Gaviria-Mendoza Andrés , Martínez Jose 
Published: April 2017

Introducción Recientemente se ha descrito la técnica quirúrgica para la realización de nefrolitotomías percutáneas modificadas que permite obtener punciones de diámetro reducido, con buena visibilidad y éxito sin la necesidad de adquirir nuevos instrumentos.Objetivo Establecer el comportamiento de los pacientes tratados con nefrolitotomía percutánea modificada en un centro urológico de Pereira (Colombia), 2015–2016.Métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo de un grupo de pacientes que han sido tratados con nefrolitotomía percutánea modificada, donde se eliminó la camisa metálica del nefroscopio estándar para permitir menor diámetro del tracto de entrada (22-F). Se revisaron datos de registros clínicos incluyendo variables sociodemográficas, de comorbilidades, quirúrgicas y complicaciones. Se realizó seguimiento de variables adicionales del postoperatorio. Estadística descriptiva empleando STATA 11.Resultados En total se revisaron datos de 21 pacientes intervenidos con nefrolitotomía percutánea modificada. La edad media fue de 51,5 años y el 57,1% fueron hombres. El tamaño promedio de las litiasis fue de 32,8 mm y el 57,1% de las punciones fueron en cáliz inferior. La duración promedio del procedimiento fue de 91 min con una mediana de sangrado de 50 mL. La tasa libre de cálculos fue del 90,5% y ningún paciente tuvo sonda de nefrostomía (tubeless). La mayoría de los pacientes (95,2%) fueron manejados de manera ambulatoria, sin mayores complicaciones intra- o posquirúrgicas, aunque el nivel de dolor a la semana siguiente del procedimiento fue en promedio de 4,1.Conclusiones La técnica de nefrolitotomía percutánea modificada descrita mostró ser segura, efectiva y factible de realizar, incluso en pacientes con grandes litiasis y tubeless ambulatoria.
A Case of Leptomeningeal Dissemination of Pilocytic Astrocytoma in a Child
Authors: Su Yu-Feng , Chang Chih-Hui , Chiou Shyh-Shin , Chai Chee-Yin , Hwang Shiuh-Lin , Loh Joon-Khim 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe present the case of a 2-year-old boy with progressive left-sided weakness and a cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showing a lesion with a cystic component in the right thalamus and basal ganglia. The lesion was subtotally resected and diagnosed as a pilocytic astrocytoma by histopathology. Tumor seeding along the surgical tract was seen on MRI 16 days and 10 weeks after surgery. The patient received vincristine and carboplatin, and MRI performed 4 months after chemotherapy revealed no additional or residual lesions. This case illustrated that a World Health Organization grade I astrocytoma could disseminate along the surgical tract.
Investigating intertextuality and interdiscursivity in evaluation: the case of conceptual blending
Authors: BULLO STELLA 
Published: April 2017

abstractThe present paper investigates the sense making practices of participants in interaction within the context of reception studies of advertising and explores the cognitive nature of intertextuality and interdiscursivity as evidence of conceptual integration. The paper argues that sense making, through its intertextual and interdiscursive nature, is a carrier of attitudinal disposition which is manifested in the lexical selection of evaluative items arising from conceptual integration. The data examined for this study were collected from informants in focus groups when discussing a series of printed adverts that make reference to works of art. The results of the analysis indicate that intertextuality and interdiscursivity can be seen as constituting evidence of the conceptual phenomena of blending theory in sense making from where evaluative disposition emerges. They further suggest that both are processes in the audience’s sense making process rather than merely a feature of texts.
Timing of plutonism in the Gällivare area: implications for Proterozoic crustal development in the northern Norrbotten ore district, Sweden
Authors: SARLUS ZMAR , ANDERSSON ULF B. , BAUER TOBIAS E. , WANHAINEN CHRISTINA , MARTINSSON OLOF , NORDIN ROGER , ANDERSSON JOEL B.H. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractZircon ion probe (secondary-ion mass spectrometry or SIMS) data from a set of intrusive rocks emplaced in the vicinity of major ore bodies, as well as from large igneous intrusions in the Gällivare area, gave the following results: (1) the Dundret ultramafic–mafic layered complex (1883±5 Ma), the Aitik granite (1883±5 Ma), the Nautanen diorite (1870±12 Ma), the Vassaravaara ultramafic–mafic layered complex (1798±4 Ma), the Aitik dolerite (1813±9 Ma), the Bergmästergruvan and Sikträsk syenites (1795±4 Ma and 1801±3 Ma, respectively) and the Naalojärvi granite (1782±5 Ma). These data broadly fall within the ranges 1.89–1.87 Ga (early Svecofennian) and 1.80–1.78 Ga (late Svecofennian), but geochronologically allow further subdivision into pulses at 1885–1880, 1875–1870, 1800 and 1780 Ma. During these events, large layered ultramafic–mafic and felsic plutonic rocks were generated with distinct overlap in time suggesting coeval felsic–mafic magmatism. Results also indicate the presence of inheritedc.1.87 Ga zircon crystals in the plutonic rocks at 1.78 Ga, supporting reworking of the previous crust. These data indicate the importance of mantle-derived mafic underplating in the process of crustal magma generation in the region. Thec.1.88 Ga event that generated ultramafic–mafic layered complexes is tentatively suggested to have played an important role in the formation of the Aitik Cu–Au porphyry system. The later event atc.1.80 Ga, generating voluminous mafic–felsic units, is suggested to be coupled to the regional iron-oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) overprint.