bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A library of chemically defined human N-glycans synthesized from microbial oligosaccharide precursors
Authors: Hamilton Brian S. , Wilson Joshua D. , Shumakovich Marina A. , Fisher Adam C. , Brooks James C. , Pontes Alyssa , Naran Radnaa , Heiss Christian , Gao Chao , Kardish Robert , Heimburg-Molinaro Jamie , Azadi Parastoo , Cummings Richard D. , Merritt Judith H. , DeLisa Matthew P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSynthesis of homogenous glycans in quantitative yields represents a major bottleneck to the production of molecular tools for glycoscience, such as glycan microarrays, affinity resins, and reference standards. Here, we describe a combined biological/enzymatic synthesis that is capable of efficiently converting microbially-derived precursor oligosaccharides into structurally uniform human-type N-glycans. Unlike starting material obtained by chemical synthesis or direct isolation from natural sources, which can be time consuming and costly to generate, our approach involves precursors derived from renewable sources including wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae glycoproteins and lipid-linked oligosaccharides from glycoengineered Escherichia coli. Following deglycosylation of these biosynthetic precursors, the resulting microbial oligosaccharides are subjected to a greatly simplified purification scheme followed by structural remodeling using commercially available and recombinantly produced glycosyltransferases including key N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases (e.g., GnTI, GnTII, and GnTIV) involved in early remodeling of glycans in the mammalian glycosylation pathway. Using this approach, preparative quantities of hybrid and complex-type N-glycans including asymmetric multi-antennary structures were generated and subsequently used to develop a glycan microarray for high-throughput, fluorescence-based screening of glycan-binding proteins. Taken together, these results confirm our combined synthesis strategy as a new, user-friendly route for supplying chemically defined human glycans simply by combining biosynthetically-derived precursors with enzymatic remodeling.
Air-oxidation from sulfur to sulfone-bridged Schiff-base macrocyclic complexes showing enhanced antimicrobial activities
Authors: Feng Genfeng , Shi Yunshan , Zhang Lei , Shi Rongguang , Huang Wei , Wang Ruiyong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTwo embedded sulfur atoms in a novel [2 + 2] Schiff-base macrocyclic dinuclear Zn(II) complex were found to be easily autoxidized to the sulfone units on air exposure, and the resultant sulfone-functionalized macrocyclic complex was obtained by the post-modification strategy exhibiting enhanced antimicrobial activities because of the presence of dual active sites in comparison with the sulfur-containing Schiff-base macrocycle.
Association of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class 1 genes with Stevens Johnson Syndrome with severe ocular complications in an Indian population
Authors: Kannabiran Chitra , Ueta Mayumi , Sangwan Virender , Rathi Varsha , Basu Sayan , Tokunaga Katsushi , Kinoshita Shigeru 
Published: November 2017

AbstractStevens Johnson syndrome (SJS) is part of a spectrum of adverse drug reactions resulting in the destruction of skin, mucous membranes, and the ocular surface. A similar, more severe form of the disorder included in this spectrum is toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Approximately 35% of patients suffer chronic sequelae such as vascularization, corneal scarring, conjunctival inversion to the cornea, keratinization, symblepharon, scarring of the palpebral conjunctiva, trichiasis, and severe dry eye. We focused on 80 Indian patients with SJS/TEN with severe ocular complications (SOC) and investigated the association of alleles at HLA -A, HLA-B and HLA-C loci; the controls were 50 healthy Indian volunteers. Genotyping at HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C loci showed a significant positive association with HLA-A*33:03, HLA-B*44:03, and HLA-C*07:01 alleles, and a significant negative association with HLA-B*57:01 and HLA-C*06:02. This indicates that HLA-A*33:03, HLA-B*44:03 and HLA-C*07:01 are risk alleles, and HLA-B*57:01 and HLA-C*06:02 are protective alleles in this population. We also found that the haplotypes consisting of HLA-B*44:03 and HLA-C*07:01 were strongly associated with SJS/TEN with SOC in our Indian population (p = 1.1 × 10−7, odds ratio = 11.0). Describing the association of the haplotype could facilitate the understanding of increased risk factors for developing SJS/TEN with SOC.
GWAS, QTL mapping and gene expression analyses in Brassica napus reveal genetic control of branching morphogenesis
Authors: He Yajun , Wu Daoming , Wei Dayong , Fu Ying , Cui Yixin , Dong Hongli , Tan Chuandong , Qian Wei 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBranch number is an important trait in plant architecture that can influence crop yield and quality in Brassica napus. Here, we detected the QTLs responsible for branch number in a DH population and its reconstructed F2 population over two years. Further, a GWAS research on branch number was performed using a panel of 327 accessions with 33186 genomic SNPs from the 60 K Brassica Illumina® Infinium SNP array. Through combining linkage analysis and association mapping, a new QTL was fine mapped onto C03. Subsequently, we tested the correlations between the SNP polymorphisms and mRNA expression levels of genes in the target interval to identify potential loci or genes that control branch number through expression. The results show that 4 SNP loci are associated with the corresponding gene expression levels, and one locus (BnaC03g63480D) exhibited a significant correlation between the phenotype variation and gene expression levels. Our results provide insights into the genetic basis for branching morphogenesis and may be valuable for optimizing architecture in rapeseed breeding.
Energy Reduction Effect of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China
Authors: Zhao Yong , Zhu Yongnan , Lin Zhaohui , Wang Jianhua , He Guohua , Li Haihong , Li Lei , Wang Hao , Jiang Shan , He Fan , Zhai Jiaqi , Wang Lizhen , Wang Qingming 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe North China Plain, with a population of approximately 150 million, is facing severe water scarcity. The over-exploitation of groundwater in the region, with accumulation amounts reaching more than 150 billion m3, causes a series of hydrological and geological problems together with the consumption of a significant amount of energy. Here, we highlight the energy and greenhouse gas-related environmental co-benefits of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP). Moreover, we evaluate the energy-saving effect of SNWDP on groundwater exploitation based on the groundwater-exploitation reduction program implemented by the Chinese government. Our results show that the transferred water will replace about 2.97 billion m3 of exploited groundwater in the water reception area by 2020 and hence reduce energy consumption by 931 million kWh. Further, by 2030, 6.44 billion m3 of groundwater, which accounts for 27% of the current groundwater withdrawal, will save approximately 7% of Beijing’s current thermal power generation output.
Ultrasonographic measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter and its association with eyeball transverse diameter in 585 healthy volunteers
Authors: Kim Dong Hwan , Jun Jin-Sun , Kim Ryul 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is considered as an indirect marker for intracranial pressure (ICP). However, the optimal cut-off value for an abnormal ONSD indicating elevated ICP and its associated factors have been unclear. Thus, we investigated normative values for the ONSD using ultrasonography and investigate the potential factors affecting it. We prospectively recruited healthy volunteers between September 2016 and March 2017. A total of 585 individuals were included, in which the mean ONSD was 4.11 mm [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.09–4.14 mm]. Although ONSD was correlated with sex (p = 0.015), height (p = 0.003), and eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) (p < 0.001) in simple linear regression analyses, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that only ETD was independently associated with ONSD (p < 0.001). Accordingly, we further established a normative value for the ONSD/ETD ratio and its associated factors. The mean ONSD/ETD ratio was 0.18 (95% CI, 0.18–0.18), but the ONSD/ETD ratio was not correlated with sex, height, weight, body mass index, and head circumference. Our findings suggest that the ONSD had a strong correlation with ETD, and ONSD/ETD ratio might provide more reliable data than ONSD itself as a marker of ICP.
AFM-based detection of glycocalyx degradation and endothelial stiffening in the db/db mouse model of diabetes
Authors: Targosz-Korecka Marta , Jaglarz Magdalena , Malek-Zietek Katarzyna E. , Gregorius Aleksandra , Zakrzewska Agnieszka , Sitek Barbara , Rajfur Zenon , Chlopicki Stefan , Szymonski Marek 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDegradation of the glycocalyx and stiffening of endothelium are important pathophysiological components of endothelial dysfunction. However, to our knowledge, these events have not been investigated in tandem in experimental diabetes. Here, the mechanical properties of the glycocalyx and endothelium in ex vivo mouse aorta were determined simultaneously in indentation experiments with an atomic force microscope (AFM) for diabetic db/db and control db/+ mice at ages of 11–19 weeks. To analyze highly heterogeneous aorta samples, we developed a tailored classification procedure of indentation data based on a bi-layer brush model supplemented with Hertz model for quantification of nanomechanics of endothelial regions with and without the glycocalyx surface. In db/db mice, marked endothelial stiffening and reduced glycocalyx coverage were present already in 11-week-old mice and persisted in older animals. In contrast, reduction of the effective glycocalyx length was progressive and was most pronounced in 19-week-old db/db mice. The reduction of the glycocalyx length correlated with an increasing level of glycated haemoglobin and decreased endothelial NO production. In conclusion, AFM nanoindentation analysis revealed that stiffening of endothelial cells and diminished glycocalyx coverage occurred in early diabetes and were followed by the reduction of the glycocalyx length that correlated with diabetes progression.
Discrimination of CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutants of rice seeds using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Feng Xuping , Peng Cheng , Chen Yue , Liu Xiaodan , Feng Xujun , He Yong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIdentifying individuals with target mutant phenotypes is a significant procedure in mutant exploitation for implementing genome editing technology in a crop breeding programme. In the present study, a rapid and non-invasive method was proposed to identify CRISPR/Cas9-induced rice mutants from their acceptor lines (huaidao-1 and nanjing46) using hyperspectral imaging in the near-infrared (NIR) range (874.41–1733.91 nm) combined with chemometric analysis. The hyperspectral imaging data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) for exploratory purposes, and a support vector machine (SVM) and an extreme learning machine (ELM) were applied to build discrimination models for classification. Meanwhile, PCA loadings and a successive projections algorithm (SPA) were used for extracting optimal spectral wavelengths. The SVM-SPA model achieved best performance, with classification accuracies of 93% and 92.75% being observed for calibration and prediction sets for huaidao-1 and 91.25% and 89.50% for nanjing46, respectively. Furthermore, the classification of mutant seeds was visualized on prediction maps by predicting the features of each pixel on individual hyperspectral images based on the SPA-SVM model. The above results indicated that NIR hyperspectral imaging together with chemometric data analysis could be a reliable tool for identifying CRISPR/Cas9-induced rice mutants, which would help to accelerate selection and crop breeding processes.
Searching for reflected light from τ Bootis b with high-resolution ground-based spectroscopy: Approaching the 10−5 contrast barrier
Authors: Hoeijmakers H. J. , Snellen I. A. G. , van Terwisga S. E. 
Published: November 2017

Context. It is challenging to measure the starlight reflected from exoplanets because of the extreme contrast with their host stars. For hot Jupiters, this contrast is in the range of 10−6 to 10−4, depending on their albedo, radius and orbital distance. Searches for reflected light have been performed since the first hot Jupiters were discovered, but with very limited success because hot Jupiters tend to have low albedo values due to the general absence of reflective cloud decks.
Aims. The aim of this study is to search for reflected light from τ Boo b, a hot Jupiter with one of the brightest host stars. Since its discovery in 1997, it has been the subject of several reflected-light searches using high-dispersion spectroscopy. Here we aim to combine these data in to a single meta-analysis.
Methods. We analysed more than 2000 archival high-dispersion spectra obtained with the UVES, ESPaDOnS, NARVAL UES and HARPS-N spectrographs during various epochs between 1998 and 2013. Each spectrum was first cleaned of the stellar spectrum and subsequently cross-correlated with a PHOENIX model spectrum. These were then Doppler shifted to the planet rest-frame and co-added in time, weighted according to the expected signal-to-noise of the planet signal.
Results. We reach a 3σ upper limit of the planet-to-star contrast of 1.5 × 10−5. Assuming a planet radius of 1.15 RJ, this corresponds to an optical albedo of 0.12 between 400–700 nm. A low albedo is in line with secondary eclipse and phase curve observations of other hot Jupiters using space-based observatories, as well as theoretical predictions of their reflective properties.
Exploring the Remote Reactivity of π-Extended Carbonyl Compounds: The Vinylogous Alkylidene Malononitrile Activation Strategy
Authors: Zanardi Franca , Curti Claudio , Sartori Andrea , Battistini Lucia 
Published: November 2017

The installation of malononitrile into π-extended carbonyl compounds gives rise to vinylogous alkylidene malononitriles (also known as π-extended dicyanovinylidenes), the direct functionalization of which at remote C(sp3) pronucleophilic sites becomes possible and viable. Starting from easily accessible representative polyunsaturated malononitriles, mild conditions were found to directly couple them to complementary enal acceptors. In all cases, the malononitrile handle proved an indispensable (and optionally traceless) activating ingredient for the vinylogous reactions to proceed efficiently and selectively. Merging the vinylogy concept with the malononitrile HOMO-raising activation strategy and complementary organocatalytic activation modalities (i.e. LUMO-lowering iminium ion activation) turned out to be a successful option, as demonstrated by the number of diverse carbocyclic and heterocyclic chiral products that were (stereo)selectively accessed through this chemistry.1	Introduction2	Reactions of Cyclohexenylidene Malononitriles with Enals3	Reactions of Allylidene Malononitriles with Enals4	Reactions of Indolylmethylene Malononitriles with Enals5	Conclusion
The Omental Free Flap—A Review of Usage and Physiology
Authors: Mazzaferro Daniel , Song Ping , Massand Sameer , Jaiswal Rohit , Pu Lee , Mirmanesh Michael 
Published: November 2017

Background The omental flap has a rich history of use over the last century, and specifically as a free flap in the last four decades. It has a wide variety of applications in reconstructive surgery and has shown itself to be a reliable donor tissue. We seek to review the properties that make the omental free flap a valuable tool in reconstruction, as well as its many surgical applications in all anatomic regions of the body.
Methods We conducted a narrative review of the literature on Medline and Google Scholar. We reviewed basic science articles discussing the intrinsic properties of omental tissue, along with clinical papers describing its applications.
Results The omental free flap is anatomically suitable for harvest and wound coverage and has molecular properties that promote healing and improve function at recipient sites. It has demonstrated utility in a wide variety of reconstructive procedures spanning the head and neck, extremities, and viscera and for several purposes, including wound coverage, lymphedema treatment, and vascularization. It is also occasionally employed in the thoracic cavity and chest wall, though more often as a pedicled flap. More novel uses include its use for cerebrospinal fluid leaks.
Conclusions The omental free flap is a valuable option for reconstructive efforts in nearly all anatomic regions. This is a result of its inherent anatomy and vascularity, and its angiogenic, immunogenic, and lymphatic properties.
Impact of Pregnancy History and 17-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate on Cervical Cytokines and Matrix Metalloproteinases
Authors: Hankins Gary , Hebert Mary , Haas David , Ahmed Mahmoud , Simhan Hyagriv , Haneline Laura , Harris John , Chang Justine , Famy Alyssa , Yorio Patrick , Ren Zhaoxia , D'Alton Mary , Venkataramanan Raman , Caritis Steve 
Published: November 2017

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of pregnancy history and 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) treatment on cervical fluid cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).
Study Design Cervical fluid was obtained between 160/7 and 246/7 weeks from women with only prior term births (controls, n = 26), women with one or more prior spontaneous preterm births (SPTBs) choosing to receive 17-OHPC (17-OHPC, n = 24), or to not receive 17-OHPC (refusers, n = 12). Cervical fluid collections were repeated 2, 4, and 8 weeks after the first sample and concentrations of MMPs and cytokines were measured by multiplex immune assay.
Results Among women whose earliest prior delivery occurred between 16 and 23 weeks, cervical fluid concentration of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α at baseline were significantly elevated when compared with cervical cytokines of women whose earliest delivery occurred between 32 and 36 weeks (relative risk ratio was 3.37 for IL-6 [95% confidence interval, CI, 1.08–10.53, p < 0.05], 2.81 for IL-10 [95% CI, 1.39–5.70, p < 0.05], and 6.34 for TNF-α [95% CI, 2.19–18.68, p < 0.001]). Treatment with 17-OHPC had no significant impact on these cytokines.
Conclusion The cervical fluid of women with a history of an early prior SPTB is characterized by inflammation that is unaffected by 17-OHPC.
Femoral, Direct, and Rare Inguinal Hernias in Children—An Update
Authors: Gödeke Jan , Muensterer Oliver 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPediatric surgeons deal with inguinal hernias on a regular basis. While most of these are straightforward in terms of diagnosis and therapy, occasionally what initially sounds like a routine case turns out to be a perplexing conundrum. This review discusses rare and unusual findings in the groin area that may mimic an indirect inguinal hernia, but are not. To provide good and effective care, pediatric surgeons should be readily familiar with the possible differential diagnosis of these entities, along with their specific management. In general, laparoscopy is one of the most useful interventions to discern unusual groin pathology from standard indirect inguinal hernias and in many cases provides an effective treatment option at the same time.
„Standard Changing News Onkologie“ in der Tumorchirurgie
Authors: Königsrainer Alfred 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungDie chirurgische Onkologie gilt als wesentliche Säule der primären Tumortherapie, ist aber vielfach Teil multimodaler Konzepte. Zum einen
beobachtet man erhebliche Anstrengungen der Minimalisierung des operativen Traumas, aber zum anderen auch Strategien einer maximalen
Response-adaptierten Chirurgie in Verbindung mit systemischer Therapie. Gerade in diesem Zusammenhang spielt die funktionelle Bildgebung
eine wichtige Rolle. Ebenso werden vermehrt in der Palliativsituation Eingriffe zur Erhaltung bzw. Verbesserung der Lebensqualität
indiziert. In diesem Übersichtsbeitrag werden die minimalinvasive Ösophaguschirurgie, Aspekte der Magenchirurgie beim fortgeschrittenen
Magenkarzinom, die neuesten Ergebnisse der kurativ intendierten Radio-Chemotherapie beim Rektumkarzinom, die Rationale der Chirurgie bei
gastrointestinalen neuroendokrinen Tumoren mit Metastasen beim älteren Patienten und ein sehr innovatives Konzept beim Pankreaskarzinom
vorgestellt. Zuletzt folgt noch ein Hinweis auf eine neue chirurgische Option bei Patienten mit irresektablen kolorektalen
Lebermetastasen.
Personalisierte Tumortherapie bei metastasierten gastrointestinalen Tumoren
Authors: Bartholomäus Hanna , Ettrich Thomas J. , Seufferlein Thomas 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungPersonalisierte Therapiestrategien haben sich in den letzten Jahren auch in der gastrointestinalen Onkologie etabliert. Personalisierte
Therapiestrategien umfassen Substanzen, die gezielt am Tumor angreifen, sog. „targeted therapies“. Zunehmende Bedeutung als Targets gewinnen
das Microenvironment des Tumors und das Immunsystem. Parallel zu den neuen Substanzen werden Biomarker identifiziert, die den Einsatz einer
bestimmten Substanz sinnvoll erscheinen lassen oder ausschließen. Dies ist nicht nur vorteilhaft für Patienten, die so Therapien mit hoher
Aussicht auf Wirksamkeit erhalten, sondern auch für das Gesundheitswesen, dem Kosten für nicht wirksame Therapien erspart bleiben. Diese
Übersicht soll den aktuellen Stand von personalisierten Therapiestrategien bei kolorektalen, Pankreas- und Magenkarzinomen darstellen und in
den klinischen Kontext einordnen.
Comparative transcriptomics of 5 high-altitude vertebrates and their low-altitude relatives
Authors: Tang Qianzi , Gu Yiren , Zhou Xuming , Jin Long , Guan Jiuqiang , Liu Rui , Li Jing , Long Kereng , Tian Shilin , Che Tiandong , Hu Silu , Liang Yan , Yang Xuemei , Tao Xuan , Zhong Zhijun , Wang Guosong , Chen Xiaohui , Li Diyan , Ma Jideng , Wang Xun , Mai Miaomiao , Jiang An'an , Luo Xiaolin , Lv Xuebin , Gladyshev Vadim N , Li Xuewei , Li Mingzhou 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Background
Species living at high altitude are subject to strong selective pressures due to inhospitable environments (e.g., hypoxia, low temperature, high solar radiation, and lack of biological production), making these species valuable models for comparative analyses of local adaptation. Studies that have examined high-altitude adaptation have identified a vast array of rapidly evolving genes that characterize the dramatic phenotypic changes in high-altitude animals. However, how high-altitude environment shapes gene expression programs remains largely unknown.

Findings
We generated a total of 910 Gb of high-quality RNA-seq data for 180 samples derived from 6 tissues of 5 agriculturally important high-altitude vertebrates (Tibetan chicken, Tibetan pig, Tibetan sheep, Tibetan goat, and yak) and their cross-fertile relatives living in geographically neighboring low-altitude regions. Of these, ~75% reads could be aligned to their respective reference genomes, and on average ~60% of annotated protein coding genes in each organism showed FPKM expression values greater than 0.5. We observed a general concordance in topological relationships between the nucleotide alignments and gene expression–based trees. Tissue and species accounted for markedly more variance than altitude based on either the expression or the alternative splicing patterns. Cross-species clustering analyses showed a tissue-dominated pattern of gene expression and a species-dominated pattern for alternative splicing. We also identified numerous differentially expressed genes that could potentially be involved in phenotypic divergence shaped by high-altitude adaptation.

Conclusions
These data serve as a valuable resource for examining the convergence and divergence of gene expression changes between species as they adapt or acclimatize to high-altitude environments.