bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multimodal dataset for various forms of distracted driving
Authors: Taamneh Salah , Tsiamyrtzis Panagiotis , Dcosta Malcolm , Buddharaju Pradeep , Khatri Ashik , Manser Michael , Ferris Thomas , Wunderlich Robert , Pavlidis Ioannis 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe describe a multimodal dataset acquired in a controlled experiment on a driving simulator. The set includes data for n=68 volunteers that drove the same highway under four different conditions: No distraction, cognitive distraction, emotional distraction, and sensorimotor distraction. The experiment closed with a special driving session, where all subjects experienced a startle stimulus in the form of unintended acceleration—half of them under a mixed distraction, and the other half in the absence of a distraction. During the experimental drives key response variables and several explanatory variables were continuously recorded. The response variables included speed, acceleration, brake force, steering, and lane position signals, while the explanatory variables included perinasal electrodermal activity (EDA), palm EDA, heart rate, breathing rate, and facial expression signals; biographical and psychometric covariates as well as eye tracking data were also obtained. This dataset enables research into driving behaviors under neatly abstracted distracting stressors, which account for many car crashes. The set can also be used in physiological channel benchmarking and multispectral face recognition.
Do regional brain volumes and major depressive disorder share genetic architecture? A study of Generation Scotland (n=19 762), UK Biobank (n=24 048) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (n=5766)
Authors: Wigmore E M , Clarke T-K , Howard D M , Adams M J , Hall L S , Zeng Y , Gibson J , Davies G , Fernandez-Pujals A M , Thomson P A , Hayward C , Smith B H , Hocking L J , Padmanabhan S , Deary I J , Porteous D J , Nicodemus K K , McIntosh A M 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a heritable and highly debilitating condition. It is commonly associated with subcortical volumetric abnormalities, the most replicated of these being reduced hippocampal volume. Using the most recent published data from Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-analysis (ENIGMA) consortium’s genome-wide association study of regional brain volume, we sought to test whether there is shared genetic architecture between seven subcortical brain volumes and intracranial volume (ICV) and MDD. We explored this using linkage disequilibrium score regression, polygenic risk scoring (PRS) techniques, Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis and BUHMBOX. Utilising summary statistics from ENIGMA and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, we demonstrated that hippocampal volume was positively genetically correlated with MDD (rG=0.46, P=0.02), although this did not survive multiple comparison testing. None of the other six brain regions studied were genetically correlated and amygdala volume heritability was too low for analysis. Using PRS analysis, no regional volumetric PRS demonstrated a significant association with MDD or recurrent MDD. MR analysis in hippocampal volume and MDD identified no causal association, however, BUHMBOX analysis identified genetic subgrouping in GS:SFHS MDD cases only (P=0.00281). In this study, we provide some evidence that hippocampal volume and MDD may share genetic architecture in a subgroup of individuals, albeit the genetic correlation did not survive multiple testing correction and genetic subgroup heterogeneity was not replicated. In contrast, we found no evidence to support a shared genetic architecture between MDD and other regional subcortical volumes or ICV.
Long‐channel In0.7Ga0.3As/In0.52Al0.48As quantum‐well MOSFETs on InP substrate with record μn_eff = 6960 cm2/V‐s
Authors: Son S.‐W. , Shin S.H. , Park J.H. , Baek J.‐M. , Kim D.‐K. , Lee J.‐H. , Kim T.‐W. , Kim D.‐H. 
Published: August 2017

Long‐channel In0.7Ga0.3As/In0.52Al0.48As quantum‐well (QW) metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect‐transistors (MOSFETs) on InP substrate have been fabricated and characterised. The fabricated device with Lg = 4 μm exhibits excellent maximum transconductance (gm_max) in excess of 0.48 mS/μm at VDS = 0.95 V, together with reasonably good electrostatic integrity of drain‐induced‐barrier‐lowering < 40 mV/V and subthreshold‐swing <100 mV/decade. Besides, the effective mobility (μn_eff) of the same device has been extracted, revealing that the device in this work yields excellent μn_eff = 6960 cm2/V‐s at room temperature. To the knowledge of the authors, the value of μn_eff in this work is the highest in any surface‐channel InGaAs MOSFET technology.
Intra‐operative ultrasound‐based augmented reality guidance for laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Singla Rohit , Edgcumbe Philip , Pratt Philip , Nguan Christopher , Rohling Robert 
Published: August 2017

In laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon must operate with a limited field of view and reduced depth perception. This makes spatial understanding of critical structures difficult, such as an endophytic tumour in a partial nephrectomy. Such tumours yield a high complication rate of 47%, and excising them increases the risk of cutting into the kidney's collecting system. To overcome these challenges, an augmented reality guidance system is proposed. Using intra‐operative ultrasound, a single navigation aid, and surgical instrument tracking, four augmentations of guidance information are provided during tumour excision. Qualitative and quantitative system benefits are measured in simulated robot‐assisted partial nephrectomies. Robot‐to‐camera calibration achieved a total registration error of 1.0 ± 0.4 mm while the total system error is 2.5 ± 0.5 mm. The system significantly reduced healthy tissue excised from an average (±standard deviation) of 30.6 ± 5.5 to 17.5 ± 2.4 cm3 (p < 0.05) and reduced the depth from the tumor underside to cut from an average (±standard deviation) of 10.2 ± 4.1 to 3.3 ± 2.3 mm (p < 0.05). Further evaluation is required in vivo, but the system has promising potential to reduce the amount of healthy parenchymal tissue excised.
Pursuit of Enantioselective Synthesis of Heterocycle-Bearing ­Stereocenters: The Development of a Stereocontrolled BINOL-­Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Organoboron Nucleophiles
Authors: May Jeremy , Nguyen Thien , Nguyen Truong , Le Phong , Chen Po-An , Vallakati Ravikrishna 
Published: August 2017

This account chronicles the iterative development of an enantioselective conjugate addition of organoboron nucleophiles to α,β-unsaturated enones and enals catalyzed by BINOL derivatives. Beginning with a specific application of this transformation to the total synthesis of the flinderole alkaloids, the transformation progressed to encompass a much larger scope of heterocycle-substituted electrophiles. The next phase saw progress toward the use of a broader scope of functional nucleophiles, with application in a strategy to synthesize discoipyrrole D. At each stage of this chronologically organized discussion, key problems, hypotheses, and solutions are presented to show the sources of discovery and solutions to problems as the catalyst and other reaction components were made more reactive. The interplay of target-directed reaction development, efforts to increase the scope of compatible functional groups, mechanistic studies, and empirical exploration is described to illustrate sources of chemical discovery.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of the Flinderole Natural Products3	Indole-Bearing Stereocenters4	Heteroaryl-Bearing Stereocenters5	Bis-Heteroaryl Stereocenters6	Synthetic Strategy for Discoipyrrole D7	Bis-Aryl Stereocenters8	Remaining Challenges9	Conclusion
Antibiotika-Reduktion im Kälberstall
Authors: Spielberger Ulrich , Brendieck-Worm Cäcilia 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungIn einem biologisch-dynamisch wirtschaftenden Milchviehbetrieb mit eigener Nachzucht weiblicher Tiere und Mast der Bullenkälber wurden aufgrund hoher Inzidenz von Kälberkrankheiten umfassende Maßnahmen nötig. Insbesondere traten gehäuft Atemwegserkrankungen auf, die einen hohen Antibiotika-Einsatz erforderten. Ein Stallneubau konnte die Probleme mindern aber nicht lösen. Zur Prävention wurde den Kälbern deshalb ab dem 3. Lebenstag über einen Zeitraum von 40 Tagen eine Kräutermischung mit Wirkung auf Stoffwechsel, Verdauung, Atemfunktion und Immunsystem verabreicht (PlantaPulmin S-Konzentrat, SaluVet GmbH, Bad Waldsee). Während des Beobachtungszeitraums von 28 Monaten sank die Erkrankungsrate deutlich. Gleichzeitig wurden die Krankheitsverläufe milder und beeinträchtigten die Kälber nicht in ihrer Entwicklung. Auf Antibiotika konnte wenige Monate nach Beginn der prophylaktischen Kräutergabe ganz verzichtet werden. Die Kräutergabe wurde vom Tierhalter über den Beobachtungszeitraum hinaus beibehalten. Eine tierärztliche Bestandskontrolle 6 Monate nach Ende des Beobachtungszeitraumes bestätigte den stabilen Gesundheitsstatus der Kälber.
Amerikanische Chiropraktik – eine ganzheitliche Wirbelsäulen- und Gelenktherapie
Authors: Bensinger Sylvie 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungUnsere Patienten werden heute in den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen eingesetzt. Je nach Beanspruchung treten Belastungen auf, durch die es zu Verletzungen (Zerrungen, Stauchungen, Frakturen) kommen kann. Viel häufiger sind aber leistungs- und auch alltagseinschränkende Veränderungen am Bewegungsapparat bzw. einzelner Strukturen, die eher unauffällig verlaufen und mit unseren schulmedizinischen Möglichkeiten häufig nicht greifbar sind. Hier können Diagnostik und Therapie durch spezialisierte Veterinär-Chiropraktiker helfen, den Tieren ihre gewohnte Lebensqualität und Leistungsfähigkeit wieder zurückzugeben.
Ein Lycopodium-Fall einmal anders
Authors: von Kriegsheim Ada 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDer Fallbericht zeigt die tiefe Wirkung eines homöopathischen Arzneimittels. Der Hund „Benni“ leidet unter länger bestehenden Rückenproblemen sowie Verhaltensveränderungen und wird mit einer Gabe Lycopodium behandelt. Zehn Tage nach der Anwendung des Arzneimittels wandelt sich der Hund von einem zurückhaltenden, melancholischen Patienten mit Rückenschmerzen zu einem fröhlichen Hund ohne Beschwerden. Selbst 1,5 Jahre später ist der Hund beschwerdefrei. Diskutiert wird in diesem Fall das angewendete Arzneimittel Lycopodium und die Heringʼsche Regel.
Gordon Setter mit hochgradigem Ikterus und Herzinsuffizienz
Authors: Danowski Klaus 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungEs wird ein 10-jähriger Gordon Setter mit Herzinsuffizienz und schwerem Ikterus vorgestellt. Durch Arsenicum album kann die akut lebensbedrohliche degenerative Pathologie mit starken Schmerzen, intensivem Fieber und Lungenödem aufgefangen werden. Die sehr breite Wirkung von homöopathischem Digitalis wird an dem Rückgang von Herzinsuffizienz, Ikterus und Leberschwellung deutlich. Gemütssymptome, insbesondere die Furcht vor Alleinsein in Kombination mit nächtlicher Ruhelosigkeit, erlauben eine langfristige konstitutionelle Stabilisierung mit Arsenicum album.
Entwicklung einer nicht arteriitischen anterioren ischämischen Optikusneuropathie am ursprünglich gesunden Partnerauge bei den mit systemischen Kortikoidenbehandelten Patienten
Authors: Pahor Artur , Pahor Dusica 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das Ziel unserer prospektiven Pilotstudie war es, Ergebnisse der systemischen Kortikosteroidtherapie bei Patienten mit nicht arteriitischer anteriorer ischämischer Optikusneuropathie (NAION) während eines Beobachtungszeitraums von 1 Jahr zu bewerten und die NAION-Inzidenz im zunächst gesunden Partnerauge bei diesen Patienten festzustellen.
Patienten und Methoden Alle mit akuter NAION diagnostizierten Patienten, die auf unserer Station während 2014 aufgenommen wurden und alle Einschlusskriterien für eine systemische Kortikosteroidtherapie erfüllten, wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Die Einschlusskriterien waren eine korrigierte Sehschärfe von 0,3 oder weniger und eine Krankheitsdauer von weniger als 2 Wochen. Alle Patienten wurden von einem Rheumatologen untersucht sowie einer kompletten Augenuntersuchung unterzogen, einschließlich einer Fluoreszenzangiografie und einer Gesichtsfelduntersuchung. Von 23 Patienten konnten nur 3 Patienten unsere Einschlusskriterien zur Kortikosteroidbehandlung erfüllen und dann behandelt werden. Zehn Patienten dienten als Kontrolle. Bei der Behandlung benutzte man einen Therapieplan mit einer Initialdosis von 80 mg Prednisolon während der ersten 2 Wochen und dann wurde die Behandlung in 3 – 4 Monaten ausgeschlichen.
Ergebnisse Die durchschnittliche bestkorrigierte Sehschärfe bei der Aufnahme betrug 0,12, nach 1 Jahr 0,35. Die durchschnittliche Behandlungsdauer betrug 3,3 Monate. Nachdem die Behandlung nach 5 – 6 Monaten abgesetzt wurde oder 8 – 9 Monate nach der 1. Untersuchung, kam es bei allen Patienten zur Entwicklung einer NAION am Partnerauge. Die durchschnittliche Sehschärfe am Partnerauge betrug 0,73, nach 4-monatiger Nachbeobachtungszeit wurde bei 2 Patienten eine Sehschärfe von 1,0 und bei 1 Patienten eine Verringerung von 0,8 auf 0,4 beobachtet. Für das 2. Auge wurde keine Steroidbehandlung eingeleitet. In der Kontrollgruppe trat am Partnerauge kein NAION auf.
Schlussfolgerung Kortikosteroidbehandlung trägt zur Verbesserung des Visusergebnisses bei allen Patienten mit NAION bei, wenn man sie mit unbehandelten Partneraugen vergleicht, bei denen es bei 1 Patienten zur Verringerung der Sehschärfe gekommen ist. Unsere Studie bestätigte, dass die Kortikosteroidbehandlung ein prädisponierender Faktor für die Entwicklung der NAION am Partnerauge sein könnte. Weitere Studien mit größerer Patientenzahl sind erforderlich, um unsere Ergebnisse zu bestätigen.
Schwere Gelbfieber-impfassoziierte Erkrankung: ein Fallbericht und aktuelle Übersicht
Authors: Slesak Günther , Gabriel Martin , Domingo Cristina , Schäfer Johannes 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese und klinischer Befund 5 Tage nach einer Gelbfieber (GF)-Impfung traten bei einem 56-jährigen Mann hohes Fieber auf mit starken Kopfschmerzen, Abgeschlagenheit, Konzentrationsstörungen und Exanthem.
Laboruntersuchungen Die Leberwerte und GF-Antikörperreaktion waren deutlich erhöht. Im Urin war mittels PCR GF-Impfvirus nachweisbar.
Diagnose und Therapie Es wurde zunächst eine schwere GF-Impfvirus-assoziierte viszerotrope Erkrankung vermutet und symptomatisch behandelt.
Verlauf Das Fieber sistierte nach insgesamt 10 Tagen, Organversagen traten keine auf. Es bestanden jedoch noch über 3 Monate postenzephalitische Beschwerden mit Abgeschlagenheit, Konzentrations-, Gedächtnis- und Leseschwächen und nur teilweiser Arbeitsfähigkeit, sodass der Verdacht auf eine neurotrope GF-impfassoziierte Erkrankung besteht.
Folgerung Schwere Impfnebenwirkungen müssen bei der Indikationsstellung zur GF-Impfung bedacht werden.
Mathematical model reveals role of nucleotide signaling in airway surface liquid homeostasis and its dysregulation in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Sandefur Conner I. , Boucher Richard C. , Elston Timothy C. 
Published: August 2017

SignificanceThe intrapulmonary airways conduct air to the alveoli and are defended from inhaled pathogens by a highly regulated protective system of mucus, cilia, and liquid. In healthy lungs, a well-hydrated mucus layer is cleared by cilia from airway surfaces. In cystic fibrosis (CF), airway surfaces are dehydrated, leading to a failure of cilia-mediated mucus clearance and accumulation of pathogen-infected mucus. In this study, we created a mathematical model of airway surface liquid regulation in normal and CF cells and used the model to investigate a potential therapy to rehydrate CF airways and restore proper mucus clearance.
BDNF-TrkB controls cocaine-induced dendritic spines in rodent nucleus accumbens dissociated from increases in addictive behaviors
Authors: Anderson Ethan M. , Wissman Anne Marie , Chemplanikal Joyce , Buzin Nicole , Guzman Daniel , Larson Erin B. , Neve Rachael L. , Nestler Eric J. , Cowan Christopher W. , Self David W. 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Chronic cocaine use leads to both increased motivation for the drug and long-lasting morphological changes in the form of increased dendritic spine density in medium spiny neurons of the nucleus accumbens. Here we show that the cocaine-induced morphological changes are mediated by local brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) signaling, similar to activity-dependent dendritic spine increases in other brain regions. However, the same BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway can reverse these spine increases after their formation, suggesting BDNF-TrkB mediates a form of “cataplasticity” that resets accumbens neurons to their preaddiction morphological state. Importantly, however, the changes in spine density are dissociated from BDNF-TrkB effects on motivation for cocaine, demonstrating that the increased dendritic spine density is likely not a causal factor in maintaining cocaine addiction.
Fission yeast myosin Myo2 is down-regulated in actin affinity by light chain phosphorylation
Authors: Pollard Luther W. , Bookwalter Carol S. , Tang Qing , Krementsova Elena B. , Trybus Kathleen M. , Lowey Susan 
Published: August 2017

Significance
The separation of daughter cells during cell division, or cytokinesis, is a process that requires contractile rings which develop tension using actin and myosin. Current models of contractile ring dynamics are based on quantitative data from two decades of research using the tractable fission yeast system. However, it is unknown how fission yeast’s essential myosin, Myo2, is regulated in the contractile ring. Here, we find that Myo2 does not assemble into minifilaments, consistent with its role in ring precursor nodes. Unphosphorylated Myo2 exhibits robust enzymatic and motor activity whereas phosphorylation of Myo2’s regulatory light chain reduces its affinity for actin. This reduction likely weakens the tension in the contractile ring, potentially to delay cytokinesis until segregation of chromosomes is complete.
Two transmembrane dimers of the bovine papillomavirus E5 oncoprotein clamp the PDGF β receptor in an active dimeric conformation
Authors: Karabadzhak Alexander G. , Petti Lisa M. , Barrera Francisco N. , Edwards Anne P. B. , Moya-Rodríguez Andrés , Polikanov Yury S. , Freites J. Alfredo , Tobias Douglas J. , Engelman Donald M. , DiMaio Daniel 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Highly specific protein–protein interactions between transmembrane domains play crucial roles in many biological processes, but are difficult to study because they occur within membranes. The E5 protein of bovine papillomavirus is a 44-residue transmembrane protein that transforms cells by binding the transmembrane domain of the PDGF receptor, resulting in receptor activation. By combining computational modeling, genetic analysis, and biochemical studies, we propose a quaternary structure of the complex between the E5 protein and the PDGF receptor, in which two dimers of the E5 protein clamp two molecules of the receptor transmembrane domain into an active dimeric conformation. These studies reveal the molecular mechanism of action of an unusual oncogene and provide a pathway to study biologically interesting transmembrane complexes.
Separate mesocortical and mesolimbic pathways encode effort and reward learning signals
Authors: Hauser Tobias U. , Eldar Eran , Dolan Raymond J. 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Learning about multiple features of a choice option is crucial for optimal decision making. How such multiattribute learning is realized remains unclear. Using functional MRI, we show that the brain exploits separate mesolimbic and mesocortical networks to simultaneously learn about reward and effort attributes. We show a double dissociation, evident in the expression of effort learning signals in dorsomedial prefrontal and reward learning in ventral striatal areas, with this dissociation being spatially mirrored in dopaminergic midbrain. At the time of choice, these segregated signals are integrated in ventral striatum. These findings highlight how the brain parses parallel learning demands.
Oxytocin-enforced norm compliance reduces xenophobic outgroup rejection
Authors: Marsh Nina , Scheele Dirk , Feinstein Justin S. , Gerhardt Holger , Strang Sabrina , Maier Wolfgang , Hurlemann René 
Published: August 2017

Significance
In the midst of rapid globalization, the peaceful coexistence of cultures requires a deeper understanding of the forces that compel prosocial behavior and thwart xenophobia. Yet, the conditions promoting such outgroup-directed altruism have not been determined. Here we report the results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment showing that enhanced activity of the oxytocin system paired with charitable social cues can help counter the effects of xenophobia by fostering altruism toward refugees. These findings suggest that the combination of oxytocin and peer-derived altruistic norms reduces outgroup rejection even in the most selfish and xenophobic individuals, and thereby would be expected to increase the ease by which people adapt to rapidly changing social ecosystems.
Disaggregating sorghum yield reductions under warming scenarios exposes narrow genetic diversity in US breeding programs
Authors: Tack Jesse , Lingenfelser Jane , Jagadish S. V. Krishna 
Published: August 2017

SignificanceSorghum’s ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions has placed it in the forefront of discussions regarding potential adaptation paths under climate change. While sorghum may indeed be a good candidate to substitute for other major row crops as warming materializes in areas where it has not traditionally been grown, an equally important consideration is whether its production can be sustained in the warmer areas where it has traditionally been grown. Our findings suggest limited potential for climate change adaption using currently available cultivars but do not preclude the overall role of genetic innovation and enhanced decision making in adapting to climate change. Successful adaptation could perhaps best be facilitated by expanding the scope of genetic stock within sorghum breeding programs.
Phosphoantigen-induced conformational change of butyrophilin 3A1 (BTN3A1) and its implication on Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation
Authors: Gu Siyi , Sachleben Joseph R. , Boughter Christopher T. , Nawrocka Wioletta I. , Borowska Marta T. , Tarrasch Jeffrey T. , Skiniotis Georgios , Roux Benoît , Adams Erin J. 
Published: August 2017

SignificanceGamma delta T cells, a group of immune cells that exhibit features from both innate and adaptive immunity, possess significant potential in clinical applications such as treatment of microbial infections and cancer immunotherapy. To fully understand their biology and harness them in the clinic it is imperative to dissect the molecular mechanisms involved in their recognition of infected and tumor cells. In this paper we focus on Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, a major subset of human gamma delta T cells in blood and investigate the phosphoantigen-induced, MHC-independent molecular mechanisms governing their activation.