bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study to evaluate different conditions leading to diagnosis of T2DM in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Roy Nirmalya , Bhattacharjee Kingshuk , Gupta Esha 
Published: January 2017

Background: Diabetes is one of the most important public health problems. There is paucity of Indian data as to which conditions leads to diagnosis of T2DM. The present study endeavors to throw some light on the problem.Methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective study including 321 subjects, performed at a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. Descriptive statistical analysis has been carried out in the present study. Results on continuous measurements are presented on Mean±SD (min-max) and results on categorical measurements are presented in number (%). Significance is assessed at 5 % level of significance pooled chi-square/Fischer’s exact test used to explore association between study variables.Results: A total of 321 patients (male: female - 2.61: 1) diagnosed with diabetes over a period of 24 months were included. Mean age at diagnosis being 45.54±10.8 years respectively. Out of these, only 23.05 % presented with osmotic and other symptoms (foot ulcer, weight loss etc.) suggestive of diabetes. A substantial 43.52% of total patients were diagnosed during general healthcare check-up (35.2% in OPD and 8.32% during perioperative evaluation). Remaining patients diagnosed with diabetes included 8.28% patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome, 13.4% with infections of different types and 11.75% with other non-related diseases. Among diagnosed diabetics, 50.47% had HTN and 41.12% had IHD. Diabetic Males have higher prevalence of IHD (48.28%) than females (22.47%), p <0.001. Prevalence of HTN is higher among diabetic females (48.28%) than males (22.47%), p <0.046. The prevalence of HTN and IHD steadily increased with the increasing age group, p<0.001. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that a very low percentage of the patients present with symptoms suggestive of diabetes. Hence, it is prudent to evaluate adult patients coming in contact with healthcare system for diabetes by simple inexpensive test.
Risk factors of pthalmia neonatorum in newborns at Ardabil city
Authors: Ojaghi Habib , Masoumi Rahim , Valizadeh Zoleikha 
Published: January 2017

Background: The term ophthalmia neonatorum (ON) connotes infection of the ocular surface within the first month of life which have many risk factors. The severity of this infection varies from mild to server and even corne al perforation, panophthalmitis and blindness. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors of ON in newborns at Ardabil city.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross - sectional study that was done on 40 newborns with ON at Ardabil hospitals. Data collected by visit of newborns and completed cheklists then by statistical methods in SPSS.19.Results: The mean age in infant was 9±8.1 day and the mean age of mothers was 26.4±5.1; and the mean birth weight was 2597±658.6. 27 (67.5%) of infants were male and others were female. 23 (57.5%) of infant mothers had vaginal delivery and 8(20%) of infants have Prom. 24 (60%) of infants were in the first parite. Cojuctivitis was involved in 15 (37.5%) in right side, 5 (12.5%) in left side and 20 (20%) were bilateral. 25 (62.5%) of infants were term and 15 (37.5%) were preterm. 21(52.5%) of infants had history of UTI and genital infection in their mothers.Conclusions: This study showed that ophthalmia neonatoroum is a multifactorial and multilevel problem and many factors have main role in this problem and doing future studies to recognize these risk factors is necessary.
Lipid profile: a conduit in the progression from psoriasis to cardiovascular disease
Authors: Sahu Samir , Devi Ellora , Poddar Anirban , Ray Subhashree 
Published: January 2017

Background: Psoriasis although a disease of the skin has been reported to be associated with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome in turn is associated with dyslipidemia which is a independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Our study therefore aims to assess lipid profile in patients with psoriasis with an objective to observe and report any significant deviations in the same as compared to healthy controls.Methods: 25 patients with psoriasis and 25 age, sex matched healthy controls were recruited in this study and lipid profile was estimated using commercially available reagent kit which employs the CHOD-PAP method.Results: Significant elevation in levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL and cholesterol/HDL ratio was observed. Elevated although was observed in case of LDL and HDL levels, but it was statistically insignificant.Conclusions: Dyslipidemia was found to be prevalent in psoriasis patients. Dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia in psoriasis therefore clearly suggests an inherent predisposition of psoriasis patients to suffer from cardiovascular diseases. A lipid profile estimation in these patients therefore might serve as an important tool for risk assessment for cardiovascular disease, thereby aiding a timely intervention.
Effect of 5-fluorouracil on sinoatrial node and conduction system of heart
Authors: Hafeez Imran , Lone Ajaz , Beig Jahangir Rashid , Alai Mohd. Sultan , Dar Iqbal , Tramboo Nisar 
Published: January 2017

Background: 5-FU a cytostatic agent is used to treat various malignancies. Cardiotoxicity is infrequent complication of 5-FU. Previously we had observed ECG changes in our patients on 5-FU viz sinus bradycardia, atrial fibrillation. We also found that 5-FU bradycardia might be a hypervagotonia as vagolytics abolished it. This study was undertaken to assess the impact of this commonly used chemotherapeutic agent on basic physiologic parameters of impulse initiation and conduction in human heart. The aim was to study effect of 5-FU on electrophysiological properties of SA node and conduction system of heart.Methods: Pre -5 FU state patients were subjected to electrophysiological study and following parameters were checked viz heart rate, CSNRT. SACT, AH and HV intervals and wenckebach point. Post 5- FU state these parameters were again checked. Response to Atropine was seen in patients who developed sinus bradycardia.Results: Sinus bradycardia was seen in 8% (n=2) of patients in post 5FUstate Their electrophysiological parameters SNRT, CSNRT, SACT, AH were mildly prolonged (above the normal) in post 5FU state. Post atropine there was increase in heart rate and the deranged electrophysiological parameters came back to normal. Atrial fibrillation was seen in two patients while performing sinus nodal functions in post 5FU state.Conclusions: Sinus bradycardia is a rare cardiotoxic side effect of 5FU, is a result of an autonomic imbalance viz hypervagotonia which is abolished by atropine and more common in infusuion form than bolus. Infra-his conduction is not altererd and threshold for inducing atrial arrhythmias is decreased in post 5-FU state.
A comparison of ultrasound versus paresthesia technique for supraclavicular brachial plexus block
Authors: Borah Bidyut , Engineer Smita R. , Patel Kiran B. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Ultrasonography is a newer tool for identification of nerves in the practice of regional anaesthesia. Visualization of target structures and spread of drugs under direct vision and thus avoiding complications like pneumothorax, accidental intravascular injections are potential benefit of ultrasonography technique. Aim of the study was to examine the usefulness of ultrasound guided brachial plexus block and compare it with paresthesia technique with the believe that ultrasound guidance can shorten the onset as well as increase the duration of blockade..Methods: Eighty patients of either sex, 18-60 years, posted for upper limb surgery were divided into 2 groups according to the technique used to give block, group US (ultrasound technique) and group PA (paresthesia technique). Both the groups received 0.5 % bupivacaine 20 ml with 8 mg of dexamethasone.Results: There was notable difference between the patient groups with regard to initiation of motor blockade (10 min group US vs 11.1 min group PA, p <0.0156) and sensory blockade (5.16 min group US vs 6.96 min group PA, p <0.0001) also duration of motor blockade (1272.88 min in group US vs 899.25 min in group PA, p <0.0001) and sensory blockade (1343.88 min in group US vs 996.75 min in group PA, p<0.0001).Conclusions: Ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks result in a higher success rate with respect to onset and duration of blockade with less incidence of complications compared to paresthesia technique.
Efficacy of various antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of hypertension in the patients of end-stage renal disease leading to hemodialysis: a retrospective study
Authors: Ahmad Razi , Habib Anwar , Rehman Sana 
Published: January 2017

Background: Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the patients of end-stage renal disease leading to hemodialysis. Majority of these patients suffers from hypertension and adequate control of blood pressure is a challenge in these patients because of multifactorial etiology and complicated pharmacokinetic changes in these patients. The present study aims is to find out the best possible drug or combination of drugs that can provide better control of blood pressure and improve the quality of life of these patients.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on the patients who attended the hemodialysis unit of Hakeem Abdul Hamid Centenary hospital from July 2015 to June 2016 (one year), data on antihypertensive drugs and blood pressure control (pre-dialysis and post-dialysis) were recorded and analyzed.Results: 68.75% patients on hemodialysis were suffering from hypertension and were on antihypertensive medication. A combination of Amlodipine and clonidine were the most frequently prescribed antihypertensive agents. Muscle cramps an acute rise in blood pressure and hypotension were the most frequently encountered intradialytic complications in these patients.Conclusions: Although a combination of amlodipine and clonidine was most frequently prescribed antihypertensive medication in these patients these drugs were associated with intradialytic complications like muscle cramps and hypotension. Amlodipine with beta-adrenoceptor blocker (metoprolol or bisoprolol) provided best control of blood pressure in these patients with least intradialytic complications.
A study of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and its outcome
Authors: P. Ravikumar , G. Priyadarshini Bai 
Published: January 2017

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis being the predominant manifestation of the disease extra-pulmonary sites can also involve as a result of dissemination from a chief focus. Extra- pulmonary tuberculosis is more common in HIV cases. The present study aims to determine the presentation and outcome of patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis treated with DOTS and to assess any difference in outcome of treatment in HIV positive extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: Data was collected from cases of tuberculosis patients diagnosed and treated under DOTS at Sri Siddhartha Medical College for the period of one year (during 2015). We evaluated extra-pulmonary cases and recorded sites of involvement in order of frequency. We also studied treatment outcome by recording as per definitions given by the WHO and also evaluated any difference in outcome of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis disease with HIV co-infection.Results: Extra-pulmonary cases accounted for 30.5% of total TB cases. Among 224 cases of extra-pulmonary TB studied, 136 (60.7%) were males and 88 (39.3%) were females. Most common site of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was pleura (29.9%) followed by meninges (22.5%), abdomen (19.6%) and lymph node (10.7%) tuberculosis. Among these patients 82.2% completed treatment, 7.5% were defaulted, 9.9% died and 0.4% treatment failure. The most common reason for default was irregular treatment (29.5%) followed by alcohol abuse (23.5%). Among 8 HIV reactive patients, 5 patients completed treatment and the remaining 3 patients died during the course of treatment.Conclusions: Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis accounts for 30.5% of the total cases studied. Pleura is most common site of extra-pulmonary TB in our study. Treatment irregularities and alcohol abuse are the two most common reasons for default. Co-infection with HIV seems to have a poor outcome on patients with extra-pulmonary TB and needs to be studied in large number of samples.
Psoriasis and neurodermatitis: comparing psychopathology, quality of life and coping mechanisms
Authors: Nagarale Vivekkumar Ashok , Jaiswal Suyog Vijay , Prabhu Archana , Sinha Deoraj , Nayak Chitra S. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Both psoriasis and neurodermatitis patients report psychological distress and impaired quality of life, but how they cope with it is area of interest. The objective of this study was to study and compare psychopathology, quality of life and coping mechanism in psoriasis and neurodermatitis patients.Methods: 30 cases each of psoriasis and neurodermatitis were assessed at dermatology out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital by using Symptom check list -90-Revised (SCL-90-R), dermatological life quality index (DLQI) and Brief cope scale (BCS).Results: All Patients with neurodermatitis perceived it as a problem and in psoriasis it was 90%.The quality of life (QOL) was affected in both more in neurodermatitis as compared with psoriasis. Neurodermatitis showed significant psychopathology on SCL-90-Rin parameters of interpersonal sensitivity and Psychoticism. Depression, Anxiety, Somatisation, Obsessive-compulsiveness were seen in both groups. Self-blame, religion, positive-reframing were used commonly as coping mechanisms in neurodermatitis while in psoriasis there was acceptance, active coping, planning, and self-distraction, use of emotional and instrumental support, positive-reframing.Conclusions: Quality of life is significantly lower in neurodermatitis. Psychopathologies were significantly high in neurodermatitis. Maladaptive coping styles were used in both groups.
Sensitivity and specificity of cardiac troponin-T in diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Sharma Dharmveer , Gupta Poonam , Srivastava Sagar , Jain Harshit 
Published: January 2017

Background: Myocardial Infarction is the irreversible necrosis of the heart muscle secondary to prolong lack of oxygen supply. Troponin T is a structurally bound protein found in striated muscle cells. They have rapidly attained central role in diagnosis, prognostication and planning of therapeutic strategies in MI patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the status of Troponin T in MI patients and its role in diagnosis compare to normal subjects.Methods: The study was conducted at M. L .N. Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh India. A total of 136 cases were included in our study. Out of these, 86 were patients of AMI and 50 were healthy controls. They were evaluated by measurement of various parameters including enzymatic markers such as CPK-MB, SGOT, LDH1, and LDH2 and non-enzymatic markers such as troponin-T and myoglobin. Apart from these, LDL, VLDL and HDL levels were also kept under evaluation.Results: Troponin-T test was better than CPK-MB or SGOT in diagnosing myocardial infarction. In our study, sensitivity (67.3%) and specificity (73.8%) of troponin-T test was higher than CPK-MB (56.2% and 45.7%) and SGOT (34.2% and 58.3%) respectively. Troponin-T test was better than CPK-MB or SGOT after 2 hours of onset of myocardial infarction. Troponin- T and I: both kind of evaluations are available and are well evaluated. However troponin T estimation is more standardized and thus more popular. The positivity of troponin-T test also varied with area of infarct.Conclusions: High LDL and VLDL were seen while at the same time HDL level was lowered. An Increase in the level of myoglobin (non-specific marker), Cardiac troponin I and T and among the enzymatic markers elevated levels of CPK-MB, LDH and SGOT were observed in patients of MI against the normal subjects. In case of LDH both LDH 1 and LDH 2 were observed and a flipped pattern was noted. Bedside troponin-T test is highly sensitive and specific in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and can be used in emergency and ambulatory settings. Qualitative troponin-T test is reliable above serum level of ≥ 0.10 ng/ml.
Conflits de civilisation et pulsion de mort. La Médée de Pasolini, un paradigme actuel
Authors: Rovito Sonia 
Published: January 2017

Cette communication a pour objet la lecture textuelle du film Médée de Pier Paolo Pasolini. Elle fait référence au conflit entre une culture du sacré, du magique, du rituel, incarnée par Médée, et une culture du profane, du rationnel, de l’historique, représentée par Jason au cours de son héroïque et destructive entreprise de s’emparer de la Toison d’Or et de séduction de la femme. Avec un regard aux lectures d’anthropologie et de psychanalyse des archétypes et des mythes, effectuées par le réalisateur dans la période de préparation de son film, et grâce à sa rencontre avec le Traité des Religions de Mircea Eliade, on met en évidence les motivations les plus profondes de l'effet de déflagration d’un monde, le monde archaïque de la Colchide, mais aussi de celui des origines, dans lequel Jason fut élevé et éduqué. Ce monde a été soumis à la violence d’une hybris incapable à reconnaître le rapport avec les matrices inconscientes, mais en même temps structurées, d’une civilisation antécédente et plus puissante. En ce sens, la vengeance de Médée représente pour Pasolini la révélation désespérée et incoercible d’une lois violée qui, avec la force de son atroce revanche, interroge la mentalité des hommes modernes, lancés désormais vers un modèle de développement tout à fait nihiliste.
Victor Ferreira do Amaral e Silva: do Oikos a Scholé (1862-1878)1
Authors: Campos Névio de 
Published: January 2017

Este artigo objetiva analisar a trajetória escolar de Victor Ferreira do Amaral e Silva, enfatizando sua educação primária e secundária cursadas no Colégio Jacob Müller (Curitiba) e no Colégio Abílio (Rio de Janeiro). Discutir a trajetória escolar de Victor do Amaral e Silva mostra-se relevante para compreender o percurso típico dos filhos das elites paranaenses do século XIX. Apoia-se no conceito de trajetória de Bourdieu para problematizar o percurso escolar de Victor do Amaral articulado aos contextos social, político, cultural (educacional) e econômico, privilegiando uma abordagem próxima ao modelo representacional, no qual a experiência desse personagem sintetiza várias outras biografias. Desse modo, por meio da trajetória de Victor do Amaral foi possível compreender o movimento da elite política e econômica da Província do Paraná ao longo da segunda metade do século XIX que ao pôr seus filhos nas escolas de prestígio buscava prepará-los para ingressar no ensino superior e garantir suas presenças nos espaços públicos e privados de maior relevo do cenário paranaense.
A centralidade da educação escolar na sociedade contemporânea
Authors: Nascimento Maria Isabel Moura 
Published: January 2017

Este artigo pretende discutir o papel central que a educação escolar cumpre em todos os aspectos da sociedade contemporânea. No aspecto social, manifesta-se pela ampliação das oportunidades de acesso à escola para as camadas mais pobres da sociedade; no aspecto político, cumpre o papel na formação do cidadão, tornando-o apto a viver numa sociedade democrática e instrumentalizando-o, minimamente, com o ensino das noções básicas da língua nativa e de matemática para sobreviver num mundo cheio de signos;no aspecto socioeconômico cumpre o papel de formar a mão-de-obra de forma a poder operar o maquinário na produção industrial. No início do século XXI, a pedagogia (educação) ainda é um conhecimento em desenvolvimento, em transformação, em crisee em crescimento, que atravessa por várias tensões, por desafios novos e novas tarefas, por instâncias de radicalização, de autocrítica, de desmascaramento de algumas - ou de muitas- de suas engrenagens. “envolvida numa complexa fermentação, atravessado por impulsos radicais.”
Reflexões sobre ensino de arte: recortes históricos sobre políticas e concepções
Authors: Subtil Maria José Dozza 
Published: January 2017

O presente texto apresenta um estudo de caráter teórico sobre as políticas para o ensino da arte na escola, analisando as leis e concepções de educação artística em diferentes momentos históricos, desde a gênese, com a ação evangelizadora dos jesuítas, passando pelas idéias artísticas e pedagógicas do século XX, até a promulgação da LDB 9.394/96. Nesse percurso histórico mapeamos os movimentos políticos e culturais que em maior ou menor grau influenciaram as ações do Estado. Teorizamos também sobre as diferentes perspectivas assumidas para o ensino de arte na prática, evidenciadas nos encaminhamentos teórico metodológicos que explicitaram as diretrizes para a área. O texto adota pressupostos do materialismo histórico e dialético como fundamento da análise empreendida e como horizonte para a proposição de uma prática artística escolar humanizadora e socializadora da cultura e dos conhecimentos historicamente constituídos.
ANALISIS TRIWULANAN: Perkembangan Moneter, Perbankan dan Sistem Pembayaran, Triwulan I - 2008
Authors: Bank Indonesia Tim Penulis Laporan Triwulanan 
Published: January 2017

Di tengah berkembangnya berbagai gejolak eksternal maupun domestik, perekonomian Indonesia pada triwulan II-2008 diprakirakan masih mencatat pertumbuhan yang tinggi meskipun lebih rendah dari triwulan sebelumnya. meskipun lebih rendah dari triwulan sebelumnya. PDB triwulan II-2008 diprakirakan akan tumbuh sebesar 6,0% (yoy), setelah mencatat pertumbuhan sebesar 6,3% (yoy) pada triwulan I-2008. Lebih rendahnya pertumbuhan ekonomi tersebut didorong oleh kecenderungan menurunnya permintaan domestik akibat kenaikan harga BBM bersubsidi pada akhir Mei 2008. Di sisi permintaan, kegiatan konsumsi dan investasi masyarakat diprakirakan tumbuh melambat seiring dengan penurunan daya beli masyarakat akibat tingginya tekanan inflasi sebagai akibat kenaikan harga BBM, serta sentimen bisnis yang menurun. Sementara itu, kinerja ekspor juga berpotensi untuk tumbuh lebih rendah dari prakiraan sejalan dengan belum membaiknya iklim perekonomian dunia dan melemahnya permintaan eksternal. Kinerja impor juga diprakirakan akan mengalami penurunan seiring dengan melambatnya kegiatan perekonomian. Kondisi tersebut dapat mendorong turunnya kontribusi permintaan domestik dan net ekspor. Di sisi penawaran, hampir seluruh sektor perekonomian diprakirakan akan mengalami penurunan pertumbuhan pada triwulan II-2008. Namun demikian, sektor-sektor utama ekonomi seperti sektor industri pengolahan, sektor perdagangan, hotel, dan restoran, serta sektor pengangkutan dan telekomunikasi masih mencatat pertumbuhan yang tinggi.