bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Agricultural Infrastructure to Rural Development in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Im Sang Bong , Lee Sang‐Hyun , Lee Jemyung , Kim Taegon 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe aim of the study is to analyse the effects of large‐scale agricultural infrastructure investment on rural development. Accordingly, we selected the Yeongsan River Basin Comprehensive Development Project (YRBCADP) as the case project and evaluated the impacts of YRBCADP on agricultural and regional development individually. In terms of agricultural development, YRBCADP has contributed to the increase of farmland area, agricultural productivity, and farm income. The farmland of the project area was increased about 3.5 times, from 43 000 ha in 1970 to 150 000 ha in 2010, and the average rice yield per area was 3.97 t ha‐1 in 1973. In addition, YRBCADP has affected regional development positively, such as population, regional income, and transportation accessibility. The ratio of population decrease was 25.6% in the project area but was 41.8% in the no‐project area. The local tax per capita in the project area increased from 123 to 1747 million won in the period 1991–2011. The tidal embankment in YRBCADP has shortened travel distance, thus transportation costs were also reduced. This study reviewed the various effects of YRBCARD on rural development, and these results might offer useful information for making decisions for large‐scale agricultural infrastructure investment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunohistochemical and Western Blotting Analyses of Ganoine in the Ganoid Scales of Lepisosteus oculatus: an Actinopterygian Fish
Authors: Sasagawa Ichiro , Oka Shunya , Mikami Masato , Yokosuka Hiroyuki , Ishiyama Mikio , Imai Akane , Shimokawa Hitoyata , Uchida Takashi 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTIn order to compare its characteristics with those of jaw tooth collar enamel, normally developing and experimentally regenerating ganoine from ganoid scales of Lepisosteus oculatus (spotted gar), an actinopterygian fish species, was examined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Amelogenin, a major enamel matrix protein (EMP), is widely found from sarcopterygian fish to mammals. Therefore, we used antimammalian amelogenin antibodies and antisera: an antibody against bovine amelogenin; antiserum against porcine amelogenin; and region‐specific antibodies or antiserum against the C‐terminus, middle region, or N‐terminus of porcine amelogenin in this study. Positive immunoreactivity with the antibody against bovine amelogenin, antiserum against porcine amelogenin, and the middle and C‐terminal region‐specific antibodies was detected in both normally developing and regenerating ganoine matrix, as well as in granules found within inner ganoine epithelial cells. These immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the Lepisosteus ganoine matrix contains EMP‐like proteins with epitopes similar to mammalian amelogenins. In Western blotting analyses of regenerating ganoid scales with the antibovine amelogenin antibody, two protein bands with molecular weights of approximately 78 and 65 kDa were detected, which were similar to those found in Lepisosteus tooth enamel. Our study suggests that in Lepisosteus, EMP‐like proteins in the ganoine matrix corresponded to those in tooth enamel. However, it was revealed that the 78 and 65 kDa EMP‐like proteins were different from 27 kDa bovine amelogenin.
Silicon dynamics in the rhizosphere: Connections with iron mobilization
Authors: Gattullo Concetta Eliana , Allegretta Ignazio , Medici Luca , Fijan Rebeka , Pii Youry , Cesco Stefano , Mimmo Tanja , Terzano Roberto 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSilicon (Si) is a beneficial element for plants as it increases their resistance to several biotic and abiotic stresses. In the rhizosphere, root exudates, especially when released by nutritionally stressed plants, promote the mineral weathering and, consequently, influence Si biogeochemistry. This study aims at evaluating the mineralogical alterations in the rhizosphere of Fe‐deficient or Fe‐sufficient barley plants grown either in a natural or in an artificial calcareous soil, focusing on the dynamics of both Fe and Si. After 6 d of soil–plant contact, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of rhizosphere soil samples of Fe‐deficient plants revealed, for both natural and artificial soil, a decrease of amorphous phases and an increase of smectite compared to the unplanted soil. Root exudates released by Fe‐deficient plants were most likely the main responsible for the weathering of the amorphous phases by a ligand controlled dissolution mechanism. When the soil–plant contact was prolonged up to 12 d, plants overcame Fe nutritional stress and their effect on soil mineralogy completely changed, as proved by the considerable increase of amorphous and decrease of smectite. Smectite decrease might evidence the effort of plant to mobilize Si and micronutrients other than Fe from the soil through the exudation of organic ligands. When the artificial soil was treated with Fe‐sufficient barley plants, the mineral weathering trend appeared reversed compared to the experiments with Fe‐deficient plants. Plant nutritional status regulates the root exudation pattern and, consequently, drives mineral weathering processes in the rhizosphere. Barley has shown to be able to mobilize Si from smectite, yet depending on its Fe supply and proving the strict connection between Si and Fe dynamics in the rhizosphere.
A Silk Fibroin and Peptide Amphiphile‐Based Co‐Culture Model for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering
Authors: Çakmak Soner , Çakmak Anıl S. , Kaplan David L. , Gümüşderelioğlu Menemşe 
Published: May 2016

New biomaterials with the properties of both bone and cartilage extracellular matrices (ECM) should be designed and used with co‐culture systems to address clinically applicable osteochondral constructs. Herein, a co‐culture model is described based on a trilayered silk fibroin‐peptide amphiphile (PA) scaffold cultured with human articular chondrocytes (hACs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in an osteochondral cocktail medium for the cartilage and bone sides, respectively. The presence of hACs in the co‐cultures significantly increases the osteogenic differentiation potential of hBMSCs based on ALP activity, RT‐PCR for osteogenic markers, calcium analyses, and histological stainings, whereas hACs produces a significant amount of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) for the cartilage region, even in the absence of growth factor TGF‐β family in the co‐culture medium. This trilayered scaffold with trophic effects offers a promising strategy for the study of osteochondral defects.
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The Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale is Age‐Dependent in Healthy Children
Authors: Kuiper Marieke Johanna , Vrijenhoek Loïs , Brandsma Rick , Lunsing Roelineke J , Burger Huibert , Eggink Hendriekje , Peall Kathryn J , Contarino Maria Fiorella , Speelman Johannes D , Tijssen Marina A J , Sival Deborah A 
Published: May 2016

AbstractView Supplementary Video 1BackgroundThe Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale is a universally applied instrument for the quantitative assessment of dystonia in both children and adults. However, immature movements by healthy young children may also show “dystonic characteristics” as a consequence of physiologically incomplete brain maturation. This could implicate that Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden scale scores are confounded by pediatric age.ObjectiveIn healthy young children, we aimed to determine whether physiologically immature movements and postures can induce an age‐related effect on Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden movement and disability scale scores.MethodsNine assessors specializied in movement disorders (3 adult neurologists, 3 pediatric neurologists, and 3 MD/PhD students) independently scored the Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden movement scale in 52 healthy children (4–16 years of age; 2 boys and 2 girls per year of age). Independent of that, parents scored their children's functional motor development according to the Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden disability scale in another 52 healthy children (4–16 years of age; 2 boys and 2 girls per year of age). By regression analysis, we determined the association between Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden movement and disability scales outcomes and pediatric age.ResultsIn healthy children, assessment of physiologically immature motor performances by the Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden movement and disability scales showed an association between the outcomes of both scales and age (until 16 years and 12 years of age, β = −0.72 and β = −0.60, for Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden movement and disability scale, respectively [both P < 0.001]).ConclusionsThe Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden movement and disability scales are influenced by the age of the child. For accurate interpretation of longitudinal Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale scores in young dystonic children, consideration of pediatric age‐relatedness appears advisory.
Spotlight on Volasertib: Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of a Promising Plk1 Inhibitor
Authors: Van den Bossche J. , Lardon F. , Deschoolmeester V. , De Pauw I. , Vermorken J.B. , Specenier P. , Pauwels P. , Peeters M. , Wouters A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractConsidering the important side effects of conventional microtubule targeting agents, more and more research focuses on regulatory proteins for the development of mitosis‐specific agents. Polo‐like kinase 1 (Plk1), a master regulator of several cell cycle events, has arisen as an intriguing target in this research field. The observed overexpression of Plk1 in a broad range of human malignancies has given rise to the development of several potent and specific small molecule inhibitors targeting the kinase. In this review, we focus on volasertib (BI6727), the lead agent in category of Plk1 inhibitors at the moment. Numerous preclinical experiments have demonstrated that BI6727 is highly active across a variety of carcinoma cell lines, and the inhibitor has been reported to induce tumor regression in several xenograft models. Moreover, volasertib has shown clinical efficacy in multiple tumor types. As a result, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently awarded volasertib the Breakthrough Therapy status after significant benefit was observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients treated with the Plk1 inhibitor. Here, we discuss both preclinical and clinical data available for volasertib administered as monotherapy or in combination with other anticancer therapies in a broad range of tumor types.
Determination of the Fatty Acid Composition in Tree Peony Seeds Using Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Huliang Cui , Fangyun Cheng , Liping Peng 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTree peonies (Paeonia Sect Moutan DC) are an emerging oil crop because of their high oil and α‐linolenic acid (ALA) content. This research was to investigate the potential use of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) for estimating the major fatty acids contents, such as palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2) and linolenic acid (C18:3) in tree peonies. A total of 115 small seed samples and 447 single seeds were selected to calibrate the predictive models. NIRS absorbance spectra were collected using a Fourier transform near infrared (FT‐NIR) spectrometer for the small seed samples, and acousto‐optic tunable filter‐near infrared (AOTF‐NIR) for the single seed samples. Statistical analysis was performed with partial least squares (PLS). For the husked samples, C18:3, C18:1 and C18:2 showed the highest correlation coefficient of validation (Rv; = 0.9756, 0.9467 and 0.8485, respectively) and the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD; = 3.58, 1.91 and 2.17, respectively); however, C16:0 did not reach expectations (Rv = 0.7783, RPD = 1.32). For intact samples, C18:3 showed the best prediction (Rv = 0.9096, RPD = 3.14), followed by C18:2 (Rv = 0.8479, RPD = 1.96). The results for C18:1 were poor (Rv = 0.7237, RPD = 1.70). For single seeds, only the results for C18:3 (R = 0.9150, RPD = 1.73) were good in the husked seed samples. It was concluded that NIRS can be used to rapidly assess the content of the major fatty acids in small samples.
S2k guideline on diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis — short version
Authors: Werfel Thomas , Heratizadeh Annice , Aberer Werner , Ahrens Frank , Augustin Matthias , Biedermann Tilo , Diepgen Thomas , Fölster-Holst Regina , Gieler Uwe , Kahle Julia , Kapp Alexander , Nast Alexander , Nemat Katja , Ott Hagen , Przybilla Bernhard , Roecken Martin , Schlaeger Martin , Schmid-Grendelmeier Peter , Schmitt Jochen , Schwennesen Thomas , Staab Doris , Worm Margitta 
Published: May 2016

Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) represents a pruritic, non-contagious, chronic or chronically relapsing, inflammatory skin disease. The course of the disease may be complicated by bacterial or viral superinfections. The first manifestation of the disease and further flare-ups are due to genetic predisposition and also to a variety of further trigger factors. The therapy regimen should be adapted to disease symptoms that are actually present and consider individual features of the disease as reported by the patients or their parents. This short version of the German guideline on AD provides an overview of evidence-based diagnostic and treatment options. All recommendations made here are the result of a consensus of the scientific medical societies, working groups and support groups based on scientific data published to date. Abstracts and details of the studies cited are provided in the long version of this guideline (see: www.awmf.org).
Eligibility Criteria for Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease, Tremor, and Dystonia
Authors: Munhoz Renato P. , Picillo Marina , Fox Susan H. , Bruno Veronica , Panisset Michel , Honey Christopher R. , Fasano Alfonso 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn this review, the available evidence to guide clinicians regarding eligibility for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the main conditions in which these forms of therapy are generally indicated—Parkinson’s disease (PD), tremor, and dystonia—is presented. In general, the literature shows that DBS is effective for PD, essential tremor, and idiopathic dystonia. In these cases, key points in patient selection must include the level of disability and inability to manage symptoms using the best available medical therapy. Results are, however, still not optimal when dealing with other aetiologies, such as secondary tremors and symptomatic dystonia. Also, in PD, issues such as age and neuropsychiatric profile are still debatable parameters. Overall, currently available literature is able to guide physicians on basic aspects of patient selection and indications for DBS; however, a few points are still debatable and controversial. These issues should be refined and clarified in future studies.
Drilling predation increased in response to changing environments in the Caribbean Neogene
Authors: Leonard-Pingel Jill S. , Jackson Jeremy B. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractChanges in the physical environment are major drivers of evolutionary change, either through direct effects on the distribution and abundance of species or more subtle shifts in the outcome of biological interactions. To investigate this phenomenon, we built a fossil data set of drilling gastropod predation on bivalve prey for the last 11 Myr to determine how the regional collapse in Caribbean upwelling and planktonic productivity affected predator–prey interactions. Contrary to theoretical expectations, predation increased nearly twofold after productivity declined, while the ratio of drilling predators to prey remained unchanged. This increase reflects a gradual, several-fold increase in the extent of shallow-water coral reefs and seagrass meadows in response to the drop in productivity that extended over several million years. Drilling predation is uniformly higher in biogenic habitats than in soft sediments. Thus, changes in predation intensity were driven by a shift in dominant habitats rather than a direct effect of decreased productivity. Most previous analyses of predation through time have not accounted for variations in environmental conditions, raising questions about the patterns observed. More fundamentally, however, the consequences of large-scale environmental perturbations may not be instantaneous, especially when changes in habitat and other aspects of local environmental conditions cause cascading series of effects.
ESCAPING THE WILDERNESS: R. v BOLTON AND JUDICIAL REVIEW FOR ERROR OF LAW
Authors: Murray Philip 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEnglish administrative law treats almost all errors of law as reviewable. Concerns that this deprives administrators of their autonomy have led to calls for a distinction to be drawn between jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional errors of law. This was commonplace for much of administrative law's history. Such calls have fallen on deaf ears as courts and commentators express caution towards retreating to an approach which, it is said, led to a “wilderness of single instances”. This article examines the older law to see whether that was really the case, concentrating on the important decision of the Court of Queen's Bench in R. v Bolton (1841).
Zebrafish as a possible bioindicator of organic pollutants in drinking waters with effects on reproduction: are effects cumulative or reversible?
Authors: Martínez-Sales M. , García-Ximénez F. , Espinós F.J. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryOrganic pollutants are present in drinking waters due to inefficient detection and removal treatments. For this reason, zebrafish is proposed as a complementary indicator in conventional potabilization treatments. Based on the most sensitive parameters detected in our previous work, in this study we attempted to examine the possible cumulative effect between generations of environmental pollutants likely present in drinking waters, when specimens were cultured in the same water and/or the possible reversibility of these effects when cultured in control water. To this end, embryos with the chorion intact were cultured in three drinking waters from different sources and in one control water for up to 5 months in 20 l glass tanks. Four replicates were performed in all water groups. Results in water group C (tap water from a city also located in a region with intensive agricultural activity, but from the hydrological basin of the river Xúquer) revealed a non-reversible effect on fertility rate. Also in water C there was an alteration of sex ratio towards females, although in this case the alteration was reversible. A transgenerational alteration in the germ-line via an epigenetic mechanism from the previous generation is proposed as the most plausible explanation of this effect.
Effect of anisomycin, a protein synthesis inhibitor, on thein vitrodevelopmental potential, ploidy and embryo quality of bovine ICSI embryos
Authors: Arias María Elena , Sánchez Raúl , Felmer Ricardo 
Published: May 2016

SummaryIncreasing the efficiency of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in domestic animals has been attempted by many researchers, however embryonic development to the blastocyst stage remains low compared with that ofin vitrofertilization (IVF) embryos. One of the main problems observed in cattle is inadequate oocyte activation after ICSI. The present study compared the effect of cycloheximide (CHX), 6-dimethylaminopurine (DMAP), and anisomycin (ANY) on the fertilization rate, development, ploidy and quality of bovine embryos generated by ICSI. Although no differences were observed between treatments in terms of cleavage, higher blastocyst rates were observed for ANY (37.3%) compared with CHX (21.8%,P< 0.05) and DMAP (28.6%,P> 0.05) treatments. No differences were observed in the quality of embryos as assessed by the total number of cells, their distribution to the different embryo compartments [inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE)], the proportion of ICM cells to the total cell numbers and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL)-positive cells. Similarly, no differences were observed in the normal ploidy of embryos (56, 67, and 55%) for ANY, CHX and DMAP, respectively. However, higher fertilization rates were observed for ANY (75%) and CHX (87%) treatments compared with DMAP (35%). In conclusion, ANY showed a superior developmental rate compared with CHX treatment. Although no significant differences were observed compared with an improved protocol of DMAP (2Io-DMAP), the lower fertilization rate recorded with DMAP strongly suggests that ANY could be a better alternative for oocyte activation than traditional chemical compounds used currently in ICSI.
Nature and dementia: development of a person-centered approach
Authors: Hendriks Iris H. , van Vliet Deliane , Gerritsen Debby L. , Dröes Rose-Marie 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTBackground:The aim of this study is to develop and try out an approach for personalized nature activities for people with dementia.Methods:A qualitative descriptive study using focus group interviews with people with dementia was conducted. Based on the results of the focus groups and the relevant literature, the approach was developed. In a qualitative descriptive pilot study with a one-group design, we tried out the approach regarding acceptability and experience of the intervention among people with dementia, and satisfaction with the approach among healthcare professionals. Additionally, we investigated the organizational feasibility.Results:From the focus groups, eight key aspects of experiencing nature were identified as being important for quality of life (e.g. relaxation, freedom), as well as six categories of preferred activities (e.g. active, passive, and social activities). Based on these themes and categories, an approach was developed to design nature activities according to the personal wishes, needs, and experiences of people with dementia. During the intervention, participants in the pilot study showed high levels of positive behaviors and low levels of negative behaviors. As regards, organizational feasibility, eight themes for successful implementation of nature activities were identified.Conclusions:This exploratory study contributes to the knowledge regarding the development and implementation of person-centered nature activities for people with dementia. The implementation of the activities could be improved by training professionals in person-centered care. The effect of the person-centered nature activities approach should be investigated.
Range-based argumentation semantics as two-valued models
Authors: OSORIO MAURICIO , NIEVES JUAN CARLOS 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCharacterizations of semi-stable and stage extensions in terms of two-valued logical models are presented. To this end, the so-called GL-supported and GL-stage models are defined. These two classes of logical models are logic programming counterparts of the notion of range which is an established concept in argumentation semantics.