bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete mesocolic excision in right‐sided colon cancer does not increase severe short‐term postoperative adverse events
Authors: Bernhoff R. , Sjövall A. , Buchli C. , Granath F. , Holm T. , Martling A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimThe aim was to assess whether complete mesocolic excision (CME) in patients with right‐sided colon cancer is related to short‐term mortality or postoperative adverse events requiring reoperation. The complete mobilization of an integral mesocolon and central ligation of blood vessels are essential steps in CME surgery. The resultant specimen, with an intact mesocolic fascia and a high number of harvested lymph nodes, is believed to be oncologically favourable. However, it has been suggested that CME surgery may increase the risk of intra‐operative severe adverse events, due to exposure of vital retroperitoneal organs and large blood vessels.MethodIn a population‐based, nested case–control study, all residents in the Stockholm County operated for right‐sided colon cancer from 2004 until 2012 were identified from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry. Patients who died within 90 days after surgery or were reoperated within 30 days after surgery, or during the index hospital stay, were defined as cases. Two controls per case were randomly sampled and individually matched for age, sex, TNM stage and emergency vs elective surgery. Exposure status (CME surgery) was assessed from original surgical reports.ResultsThe estimated proportion of CME surgery was 14.8% (35 of 236) for cases and 19.5% (92 of 473) for controls. The unadjusted OR for short‐term mortality or reoperation after CME surgery was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.47–1.10; P = 0.15). The ORs were lower in the late part of the study (0.51; 95% CI: 0.26–1.01) and in high volume hospitals (0.61, 95% CI: 0.35–1.06).ConclusionsThe present study does not indicate that CME surgery is associated with an increased risk of severe adverse events such as 90‐day mortality or reoperation.
Evidence of cormorant‐induced mortality, disparate migration strategies and repeatable circadian rhythm in the endangered North Sea houting (Coregonus oxyrinchus): A telemetry study mapping the postspawning migration
Authors: Jensen Lasse Fast , Rognon Paul , Aarestrup Kim , Bøttcher Jesper Wøhlk , Pertoldi Cino , Thomsen Søren Nøhr , Hertz Morten , Winde Jacob , Svendsen Jon C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLife history theory predicts a trade‐off between migration and residency where migration is favoured when it infers elevated fitness. Although migration to more favourable environments may offer higher growth rates, migrants often experience increased mortality due to predation. Here, we investigated mortality and migration behaviour of the North Sea houting (Coregonus oxyrinchus), an anadromous salmonid endemic to the Wadden Sea. We used acoustic telemetry to map the migration of the only remaining indigenous population by applying stationary hydrophones combined with manual tracking. Data suggested a total mortality of 26%, with 30% of the total mortality attributed to predation by great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis), highlighting that North Sea houting conservation could be jeopardised by increased cormorant predation. Risk of cormorant predation was size‐dependent, with smaller fish suffering higher risk of predation. The study found North Sea houting to exhibit disparate migration strategies and identified a lentic area in the estuary as an important habitat. Two newly established artificial lakes within the river system significantly reduced the migration speeds, possibly indicating constrained navigation through the lakes. The migration into the Wadden Sea correlated with temperature perhaps indicating osmoregulatory constraints of sea entry. Unlike many salmonid species, migration occurred both day and night. Moreover, fish exhibited repeatable individual differences in diel activity patterns, suggesting that individuals differ consistently in their migratory activity throughout the 24‐hr period. Our study provides novel information on salmonid migration, which is crucial for the development of science‐based conservation strategies.
Longitudinal cortical thinning and cognitive decline in patients with early‐ versus late‐stage subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Lee J. , Seo S. W. , Yang J.‐J. , Jang Y. K. , Lee J. S. , Kim Y. J. , Chin J. , Lee J. M. , Kim S. T. , Lee K.‐H. , Lee J. H. , Kim J. S. , Kim S. , Yoo H. , Lee A. Y. , Na D. L. , Kim H. J. 
Published: October 2017

Background and purposeBiomarker changes in cognitively impaired patients with small vessel disease are largely unknown. The rate of amyloid/lacune progression, cortical thinning and cognitive decline were evaluated in subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI) patients.MethodsSeventy‐two svMCI patients were divided into early stage (ES‐svMCI, n = 39) and late stage (LS‐svMCI, n = 33) according to their Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes score. Patients were annually followed up with neuropsychological tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging for 3 years, and underwent a second [11C] Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography scan within a mean interval of 32.4 months.ResultsThere was no difference in the rate of increase in PiB uptake or lacune number between the ES‐svMCI and LS‐svMCI. However, LS‐svMCI showed more rapid cortical thinning and cognitive decline than did the ES‐svMCI.ConclusionsWe suggest that, whilst the rate of change in pathological burden did not differ between ES‐svMCI and LS‐svMCI, cortical thinning and cognitive decline progressed more rapidly in the LS‐svMCI.
Diversity of Cetoniidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the Cerrado of Central Brazil
Authors: Evangelista Neto Juliane , Oliveira Charles M. , Vaz‐de‐Mello Fernando Z. , Frizzas Marina R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCetoniidae is a diverse family containing approximately 4,000 species, most of which feed on flowers and fruits. In Brazil, 72 species and 24 genera are recorded. Little is known about this family in the Central region of Brazil, and no research has previously been conducted in the ecologically important Cerrado biome. In this study, we evaluated the diversity and temporal variation of the Cetoniidae in an area of the Cerrado in the Federal District (Brazil) and verified whether the abundance and species richness were influenced by climatic variables. The study was carried out in an area of Cerrado sensu stricto at Água Limpa Farm in Brasília/DF. Beetles were collected weekly from October 2013 to September 2014 using 40 traps baited with banana and pineapple fermented with sugarcane juice. A total of 398 specimens comprising 8 genera and 15 species were collected. We observed temporal variation in abundance and richness of the Cetoniidae in direct relation to the climatic characteristics of the Cerrado, with a greater number of individuals and species appearing in the rainy season. Climatic variables such as temperature and humidity appear to have a significant effect on the diversity of Cetoniidae. This is the first study conducted on this family in Central Brazil.
Constitutional pluralism: Chronicle of a death foretold?
Authors: Wilkinson Michael A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWhat remains of the idea of constitutional pluralism in the wake of the Euro‐crisis? According to the new anti‐pluralists, the recent OMT saga signals its demise, calling to an end the tense stalemate between the ECJ and the German Constitutional Court on the question of ultimate authority. With the ECJ's checkmate, OMT represents a new stage in the constitutionalisation of the European Union, towards a fully monist order. Since constitutional pluralism was an inherently unstable and undesirable compromise, that is both inevitable and to be welcomed. It is argued here that this is misguided in attending to the formal at the expense of the material dimension of constitutional development. The material perspective reveals a deeply dysfunctional constitutional dynamic, of which the judicial battle in OMT is merely a surface reflection. This dynamic now reaches a critical conjuncture, encapsulated in the debate over ‘Grexit’, and the material conflict between solidarity and austerity. Constitutional pluralism, in conclusion, may be an idea worth defending, but as a normative plea for the co‐existence of a horizontal plurality of constitutional orders. This requires radical constitutional re‐imagination of the European project.
Structural basis for high‐affinity adipate binding to AdpC (RPA4515), an orphan periplasmic‐binding protein from the tripartite tricarboxylate transporter (TTT) family in Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Authors: Rosa Leonardo T. , Dix Samuel R. , Rafferty John B. , Kelly David J. 
Published: October 2017

The tripartite tricarboxylate transporter (TTT) family is a poorly characterised group of prokaryotic secondary solute transport systems, which employ a periplasmic substrate‐binding protein (SBP) for initial ligand recognition. The substrates of only a small number of TTT systems are known and very few SBP structures have been solved, so the mechanisms of SBP–ligand interactions in this family are not well understood. The SBP RPA4515 (AdpC) from Rhodopseudomonas palustris was found by differential scanning fluorescence and isothermal titration calorimetry to bind aliphatic dicarboxylates of a chain length of six to nine carbons, with KD values in the μm range. The highest affinity was found for the C6‐dicarboxylate adipate (1,6‐hexanedioate). Crystal structures of AdpC, either adipate or 2‐oxoadipate bound, revealed a lack of positively charged amino acids in the binding pocket and showed that water molecules are involved in bridging hydrogen bonds to the substrate, a conserved feature in the TTT SBP family that is distinct from other types of SBP. In AdpC, both of the ligand carboxylate groups and a linear chain conformation are needed for coordination in the binding pocket. RT‐PCR showed that adpC expression is upregulated by low environmental adipate concentrations, suggesting adipate is a physiologically relevant substrate but as adpC is not genetically linked to any TTT membrane transport genes, the role of AdpC may be in signalling rather than transport. Our data expand the known ligands for TTT systems and identify a novel high‐affinity binding protein for adipate, an important industrial chemical intermediate and food additive.DatabasesProtein structure co‐ordinates are available in the PDB under the accession numbers 5OEI and 5OKU.
Structural characterization of FlgE2 protein from Helicobacter pylori hook
Authors: Loconte Valentina , Kekez Ivana , Matković‐Čalogović Dubravka , Zanotti Giuseppe 
Published: October 2017

The Helicobacter pylori flagellum is a complex rotatory nanomachine fundamental for the bacterium's survival in the human stomach. Protein FlgE is a component of the hook, a flexible junction exposed on the cell surface. In the H. pylori genome two different genes are present in different positions coding for hypothetical FlgE. The first protein, FlgE1, is the actual component of the flagellum hook, whilst the second, FlgE2, shares only 26% of the sequence identity with the other and its physiological function is still undefined. We have cloned, purified and crystallized FlgE2, whose structure, determined by the single‐wavelength anomalous diffraction method, shows that in overall organization, the protein is composed of three distinct domains, two of them relatively similar to those of FlgE from other Gram‐negative bacteria, whilst the third is peculiar to H. pylori. The crystal structure, along with the detected interaction with the regulatory cap protein FlgD, suggests a complementary function of FlgE1 and FlgE2 in the H. pylori flagellum, possibly typical of polar flagella, confirming the role of both proteins in the flagellar hook organization. Although some general features are shared with other Gram‐negative bacteria, the presence of two different hook proteins indicates that the molecular organization of H. pylori flagellum has its own peculiarities.DatabaseAtomic coordinates and structural factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank as 5NPY.
Selective patient and public involvement: The promise and perils of pharmaceutical intervention for autism
Authors: Russell Ginny , Starr Sandy , Elphick Chris , Rodogno Raffaele , Singh Ilina 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines suggest the patient community should be consulted from the outset when designing and implementing basic biomedical research, but such patient communities may include conflicting views. We examined how engagement occurred in one such instance.ObjectiveOur objective was to scrutinize patient and public involvement (PPI) by a pan‐European biomedical consortium working to develop drugs to treat autism. We aimed to use this as an example to illustrate how PPI has been utilized in biomedical research.Setting, participants and analysisTwo public events, one in the UK and one in Denmark were conducted as part of the consortium's on‐going PPI activities in 2014 and 2015. Sixty‐six individuals submitted written comments on the consortium's research after these events. The textual data produced were analysed using a thematic approach. Approximately 71% of respondents reported themselves to be adults on the autism spectrum or parents of children with autism.ResultsThe themes identified illustrated major differences between some community concerns and the biomedical research agenda. While treating autism per se. was seen as problematic by some, treating specific co‐occurring problems was seen as helpful in some circumstances. The biomedical consortium selected PPI with a limited user viewpoint at its outset and more widely once basic research was on‐going.DiscussionThis case illustrates what we term “selective PPI” where only a sympathetic and/or limited patient viewpoint is included. Findings highlight the perils of using selective PPI to legitimise scientific endeavours, and the possibilities for constructive dialogue.
Effects of sintering temperature on the structural and electrochemical properties of SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3‐δ perovskite cathode
Authors: Baharuddin Nurul Akidah , Muchtar Andanastuti , Somalu Mahendra Rao , Anwar Mustafa , Shaikh Abdul Kader Abdul Hameed Muhammed Ali , Mah Joelle 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe effects of sintering temperature on the structural and electrochemical properties of SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3‐δ perovskite cathode film was investigated. For the structural properties of SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3‐δ film sintered at a temperature ranging from 900‐1300°C, changes in surface and cross‐sectional microstructure were studied. Surface porosity and micro hardness were analyzed. The relationship of the structural properties with the electrical and electrochemical performances of the SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3‐δ film was examined. The high densification of the film sintered at 1300°C led to the better electrical conductivity of 16.38 S cm−1 than the 4.86 S cm−1 of the film sintered at 900°C at an operating temperature of 800°C. For the electrochemical performance, the SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3‐δ film sintered at 1300°C gained a low area specific resistance (ASR) value of 38.70 Ω cm2 at 800°C. The ASR further decreased to 0.99 Ω cm2 for the thicker film sintered at the same temperature.
Cross‐sectional study of Treponema pallidum PCR in diagnosis of primary and secondary syphilis
Authors: Costa‐Silva Miguel , Coutinho Daniel , Sobrinho‐Simões Joana , Azevedo Filomena , Lisboa Carmen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundSyphilis remains a major challenge and a complex diagnosis. We aim to evaluate the role of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in Treponema pallidum (Tp) detection in various types of biological samples in the diagnosis of early syphilis.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study including all attendees of the STI clinic with clinical suspicion of early syphilis. One or more specimens for the detection of Tp by PCR testing were collected.ResultsThe overall sensitivity of Tp PCR test was 82.61% (95% CI: 68.6–92.2%). Tp PCR test had sensitivity of 84.6% (95% CI: 54.6–98.1%) in primary syphilis cases and 81.8% (95% CI: 64.5–93%) in secondary syphilis cases. PCR test performance was independent of HIV status.ConclusionTp PCR test is a fast and reliable method for the detection of Tp in skin lesions of early syphilis, and it is a powerful tool in clinical settings.
Global–regional interaction to extend access to social protection for migrant workers: Insights from ASEAN and MERCOSUR
Authors: Fornalé Elisa 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUniversal access to social protection for migrant workers is emerging as a problematic issue in the implementation of free movement regimes at a regional level. This article focuses on the concept of regional governance as a possible mechanism to address the unsolved challenges of social security regimes to extend coverage. To this end, the article looks at current legal developments in two regional projects (ASEAN and MERCOSUR) to identify a creative approach to strengthen the development of national floors of social protection. The interest of using these case studies lies in exploring whether the regional integration process can play a major role in the progressive extension of social protection rights to migrant workers by facilitating the adoption of social security agreements.
Does trust increase willingness to pay higher taxes to help the needy?
Authors: Habibov Nazim , Cheung Alex , Auchynnikava Alena 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe article studies the causal effect of trust on the willingness to pay higher taxes to help the needy in a sample of 29 countries of Eastern and Southern Europe, and the former Soviet Union and Mongolia. It is hypothesized that interpersonal trust leads to a greater willingness to pay taxes to help the needy since (i) trust increases the likelihood of helping strangers; (ii) trust fosters solidarity and cooperation when working to solve common problems in society; and (iii) trust reduces suspicion with respect to the perceived misuse of redistributed money. Three key findings are that the more people trust each other, the more they are ready to support the welfare state; the effect of trust on welfare state support holds even in a contextual environment characterized by rather lower levels of trust and relatively underdeveloped systems of redistribution; and higher individual‐level trust fosters tax morale and helps deter tax evasion.
Transformation of stainless steel slag toward a reactive cementitious binder
Authors: Kriskova Lubica , Eroli Massimiliano , Iacobescu Remus I. , Onisei Silviana , Vecchiocattivi Franco , Pontikes Yiannis 
Published: October 2017

AbstractArgon oxygen decarburization (AOD) slag represents more than 50 wt% of the slag from stainless steel production. Although some applications are available, e.g., as aggregates for road constructions or fertilizers, they are characterized by low economic value and limited applicability. In order to increase the economic value ofAODslag, alternative applications have been proposed, e.g., as partial or full replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The work presented here investigates whether the adaptation of theAODslag chemistry within a high temperature process leads to an improvement of its hydraulic properties and thereby can demonstrate its potential to be converted into a hydraulic binder suitable forOPCreplacement. For this purpose, three syntheticAODslags with basicities (CaO/SiO2) of 2.0, 2.2, and 2.4 were synthesized, and the effect of the CaO/SiO2ratio on the material stability, the amount of tricalcium silicate formed, and their hydraulic properties investigated. X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and isothermal calorimetry analysis were used to characterize the microstructure and the hydraulic activity. The results show that the proposed method is indeed a promising way to stabilize a stainless steelAODslag and convert it into a hydraulic binder.
Fast preparation of (111)‐oriented β‐SiC films without carbon formation by laser chemical vapor deposition from hexamethyldisilane without H2
Authors: Xu Qingfang , Zhu Peipei , Sun Qingyun , Tu Rong , Zhang Song , Yang Meijun , Li Qizhong , Shi Ji , Li Haiwen , Zhang Lianmeng , Goto Takashi , Han Mingxu , Yan Jiasheng , Li Shusen , Ohmori Hitoshi 
Published: October 2017

Abstract(111)‐oriented β‐SiC films were prepared by laser chemical vapor deposition using a diode laser (wavelength: 808 nm) from a single liquid precursor of hexamethyldisilane (Si(CH3)3–Si(CH3)3, HMDS) without H2. The effects of laser power (PL), total pressure (Ptot) and deposition temperature (Tdep) on the microstructure, carbon formation and deposition rate (Rdep) were investigated. β‐SiC films with carbon formation and graphite films were prepared at PL ≥ 170 W and Pto ≥ 1000 Pa, respectively. Carbon formation strongly inhibited the film growth. β‐SiC films without carbon formation were obtained at Ptot = 400‐800 Pa and PL = 130‐170 W. The maximum Rdep was about 50 μm·h−1 at PL = 170 W, Ptot = 600 Pa and Tdep = 1510 K. The investigation of growth mechanism shows that the photolytic of laser played an important role during the depositions.
Pierre Bourdieu's Theory of Practice offers nurses a framework to uncover embodied knowledge of patients living with disabilities or illnesses: A discussion paper
Authors: Oerther Sarah , Oerther Daniel B. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimTo discuss how Bourdieu's theory of practice can be used by nurse researchers to better uncover the embodied knowledge of patients living with disability and illness.BackgroundBourdieu's theory of practice has been used in social and healthcare researches. This theory emphasizes that an individual's everyday practices are not always explicit and mediated by language, but instead an individual's everyday practices are often are tacit and embodied.DesignDiscussion paper.Data SourcesOvid MEDLINE, CINAHL and SCOPUS were searched for concepts from Bourdieu's theory that was used to understand embodied knowledge of patients living with disability and illness. The literature search included articles from 2003 – 2017.Implications for NursingNurse researchers should use Bourdieu's theory of practice to uncover the embodied knowledge of patients living with disability and illness, and nurse researchers should translate these discoveries into policy recommendations and improved evidence‐based best practice. The practice of nursing should incorporate an understanding of embodied knowledge to support disabled and ill patients as these patients modify “everyday practices” in the light of their disabilities and illnesses.ConclusionBourdieu's theory enriches nursing because the theory allows for consideration of both the objective and the subjective through the conceptualization of capital, habitus and field. Uncovering individuals embodied knowledge is critical to implement best practices that assist patients as they adapt to bodily changes during disability and illness.