bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ransomware Detection Using Network Traffic Patterns: A Hybrid Approach with Isolation Forest and Gradient Boosting
Authors: Hagerty Scott , Huxley Dorian , Fiennes Adrian , Hartwell Lennox , Pembroke Malachi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The escalating prevalence of ransomware attacks, characterized by their complex and adaptive nature, poses significant threats to the integrity and availability of critical network infrastructures. As malicious actors continue to refine their techniques, traditional detection methods often prove insufficient, necessitating the exploration of more advanced and dynamic approaches to identify these threats promptly and accurately. In response to this pressing issue, a novel hybrid model has been developed, which synergistically combines the strengths of anomaly detection and classification algorithms to enhance the identification of ransomware activities. This approach is particularly significant due to its ability to effectively adapt to both known and unknown variants of ransomware, utilizing a comprehensive analysis of network traffic patterns. By integrating unsupervised techniques, such as Isolation Forest, with the classification prowess of Gradient Boosting, the model achieves a notable improvement in detection accuracy while simultaneously reducing the rate of false positives. This innovative framework not only streamlines the cybersecurity workflow but also bolsters the resilience of networks against increasingly sophisticated attacks, thus representing a crucial advancement in the ongoing battle against ransomware.
Pantoea osteomyelitidis sp. nov., a novel human opportunistic pathogen isolated from a patient with chronic osteomyelitis: case report, genomic characterization and literature review
Authors: Keidar-Friedman Danielle , Leshin-Carmel Daniel , Tsur Anka , Amsalem Muriel , Tolkach Daria , Brosh-Nissimov Tal , Sorek Nadav 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Pantoea species are increasingly recognized as human opportunistic pathogens. We describe a rare case of osteomyelitis that has been developed over years, with the identification of the causing agent as a novel species of Pantoea.
Case presentation: A 37-year-old generally healthy woman presented to our hospital with suspected chronic osteomyelitis. The condition was possibly related to an incident that occurred two decades before the onset of symptoms, involving a tibia fracture with a large open bleeding wound. The patient had undergone two aggressive debridement operations, systemic ciprofloxacin treatment, and local aminoglycoside therapy, eventually exhibiting full recovery.
Bone biopsy cultures grew gram-negative coccobacilli that could not be identified by conventional clinical microbiology methods. Whole-genome sequencing and subsequent taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses revealed genetic relatedness to several Pantoea species. Comparative genomic analyses identified conserved antibiotic resistance and virulence genes.
Conclusion: A literature review search uncovered only five cases of osteomyelitis caused by Pantoea species that have been reported in the past, all attributed to Pantoea agglomerans. We suggest this new strain belongs to a yet unidentified Pantoea species, which we have named Pantoea osteomyelitidis. sp.nov. The high diversity of Pantoea and the obscured potential pathogenicity of this genus is discussed, emphasizing the need for further research into its clinical relevance.
Resting Heart Rate and Associations With Clinical Measures From the Project Baseline Health Study: Observational Study
Authors: Feng Kent Y , Short Sarah A , Saeb Sohrab , Carroll Megan K , Olivier Christoph B , Simard Edgar P , Swope Susan , Williams Donna , Eckstrand Julie , Pagidipati Neha , Shah Svati H , Hernandez Adrian F , Mahaffey Kenneth W 
Published: October 2024

Background
Though widely used, resting heart rate (RHR), as measured by a wearable device, has not been previously evaluated in a large cohort against a variety of important baseline characteristics.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the validity of the RHR measured by a wearable device compared against the gold standard of ECG (electrocardiography), and assess the relationships between device-measured RHR and a broad range of clinical characteristics.

Methods
The Project Baseline Health Study (PHBS) captured detailed demographic, occupational, social, lifestyle, and clinical data to generate a deeply phenotyped cohort. We selected an analysis cohort within it, which included participants who had RHR determined by both ECG and the Verily Study Watch (VSW). We examined the correlation between these simultaneous RHR measures and assessed the relationship between VSW RHR and a range of baseline characteristics, including demographic, clinical, laboratory, and functional assessments.

Results
From the overall PBHS cohort (N=2502), 875 (35%) participants entered the analysis cohort (mean age 50.9, SD 16.5 years; n=519, 59% female and n=356, 41% male). The mean and SD of VSW RHR was 66.6 (SD 11.2) beats per minute (bpm) for female participants and 64.4 (SD 12.3) bpm for male participants. There was excellent reliability between the two measures of RHR (ECG and VSW) with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.946. On univariate analyses, female and male participants had similar baseline characteristics that trended with higher VSW RHR: lack of health care insurance (both P<.05), higher BMI (both P<.001), higher C-reactive protein (both P<.001), presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (both P<.001) and higher World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 score (both P<.001) were associated with higher RHR. On regression analyses, within each domain of baseline characteristics (demographics and socioeconomic status, medical conditions, vitals, physical function, laboratory assessments, and patient-reported outcomes), different characteristics were associated with VSW RHR in female and male participants.

Conclusions
RHR determined by the VSW had an excellent correlation with that determined by ECG. Participants with higher VSW RHR had similar trends in socioeconomic status, medical conditions, vitals, laboratory assessments, physical function, and patient-reported outcomes irrespective of sex. However, within each domain of baseline characteristics, different characteristics were most associated with VSW RHR in female and male participants.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03154346; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03154346
“Barriga de Aluguel”: o útero como uma mercadoria biopolítica
Authors: Weiler Ana Luísa Dessoy , Silva Dafhini Carneiro da , Nielsson Joice Graciele 
Published: October 2024

O artigo pretende avaliar a barriga de aluguel como instrumento da biopolítica para dominação dos corpos reprodutivos das mulheres. Para tanto, o trabalho foi desenvolvido tendo como problema o seguinte questionamento: em que medida a barriga de aluguel se afigura como mais uma forma de biopoder sobre o corpo da mulher? O objetivo principal é perceber a atuação da biopolítica no controle dos corpos das mulheres a partir do instituto da “Barriga de Aluguel”. A estrutura se dá em três seções, que correspondem aos objetivos específicos do estudo: a) caracterizar os direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres no Brasil; b) discutir a biopolítica e seus mecanismos de controle sobre a reprodução e sobre os corpos das mulheres; e, c) compreender o instituto da “barriga de aluguel” no uso do útero como uma mercadoria. O método de pesquisa empregado foi o hipotético-dedutivo, mediante o emprego de técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.
Palavras-chave: biopolítica; direitos sexuais; direitos reprodutivos; barriga de aluguel.
Electromyographic activities of muscles in the shoulder and elbow joints during elbow flexion-extensions with different velocities in the sagittal and horizontal planes
Authors: Angelova Silvija K. , Raikova Rositsa T. , Markova Nikol N. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Study aim: Properly processed surface electromyographic signals (EMGs) provide a suitable means for the estimation of muscle activity, including their synergistic and antagonistic action. This study aimed to investigate changes in the activity of elbow and shoulder muscles due to changes in the velocities of elbow flexion/extension motions in the sagittal and horizontal plane without and with an additional load of 0.5 kg on the wrist using processed EMGs of six muscles and the angle of the elbow joint.

Material and methods: Experimental data from ten healthy volunteers were processed. The EMGs from each part of a motor task – maximal elbow flexion from an initial downwards arm position, rest in the maximally flexed position and maximal extension – were filtered, rectified, and normalized according to suitable maximal isometric tasks. The areas under the obtained curves for each part, called activities, were subjected to statistical analysis including calculations of correlation coefficients between the activities of different muscles.

Results: In general, muscle activities were heterogeneous and strongly individual. The angular velocity was higher for movements without additional weight. Sagittal flexion velocity was higher than the horizontal one. The muscle activities for all subjects for all muscles are presented and discussed.

Conclusions: The main conclusions were as follows: m. biceps brachii, m. brachialis and m. deltoideus pars clavicularis showed the main activity, and their activity increased with increasing velocity but not with increasing load; m. deltoideus pars spinata and m. triceps brachii had slow activity. Surprisingly, the small m. anconeus was much more active than the m. triceps, especially during extension.
Body fat, lipid profile and selected hormones in active male Polish students characterized by lower and higher normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels
Authors: Malara Marzena , Widłak Patrycja 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Study aim: To evaluate the relationship between body fat, lipid profile and selected hormones in the context of lower and higher normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in active male students.

Material and methods: A total of 112 male students of the Faculty of Physical Education volunteered to participate in the study. Body weight, height and waist circumference were measured using standard medical equipment. The percentage of body fat was determined from the sum of the thickness of four skinfolds. Circulating lipids, TSH, glucose and insulin level were measured.

Results: Biochemical characteristics revealed that the circulating total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triacylglycerol (TG) levels were significantly lower in students with lower normal TSH levels vs. students with higher normal TSH levels. The analysis of distorted metabolic variables indicated that for students with higher normal TSH levels the frequency of disturbances was significantly higher than in students with lower normal TSH levels. Additionally, this group was characterized by a significantly higher percentage of fat in the body.

Conclusion: In young, physically active men, certain metabolic disorders related to plasma lipid profiles may be observed despite normal TSH levels.
Modeling of Carbon Footprint Emissions in Sugarcane Production Using System Dynamics
Authors: Lara Juan Gabriel Mollocana , Toaquiza Jeyson Alexander Oña , Chugchilán Pamela Abigail Briceño , Vinueza Nathaly Johanna Chamorro 
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study proposes a model aimed at estimating and reducing carbon emissions in sugarcane cultivation and juice extraction, designed for potential application in real-world systems.

Method: The model grounded in a hypothetical case study of a 60-hectare sugarcane plantation in a warm climate with a 7-month growth cycle and a three-year simulation period, focuses on estimate and evaluate mitigation scenarios to decrease emissions from fuel and electricity usage in activities such as plowing, sowing, harvesting, and irrigation. Utilizing Vensim PLE, a System Dynamics model that combine event and dynamic simulation.

Results and Discussion: Utilizing Vensim PLE, a System Dynamics model that combine event and dynamic simulation estimated a 3060.81 tons CO2 equivalent carbon footprint. Two scenarios aimed at footprint reduction were tested: substituting electrical energy with solar power reduced the footprint by 86% to 450.092 tons, demonstrating clean energy's efficacy. Conversely, replacing an industrial mill with the traditional trapiche technique for juice extraction yielded a mere 1% reduction, indicating its ineffectiveness for real-world application.

Research Implications: This study emphasizes the development of a simulation model based on system dynamics to estimate the carbon footprint emissions in sugar cane production considering its cultivation and juice extraction. The results support that through simulations, it is possible to determine the factors that influence the generation of carbon dioxide, offering a broader vision to establish and implement mitigation measures such as adopting clean energies and reducing fuel consumption.

Originality/Value: This research contributes to the understanding of the application of system dynamics by using software such as Vensim PLE to estimate the carbon footprint emissions in sugar cane production, considering its cultivation and juice extraction. The results found through simulations suggest the implementation of mitigation measures such as the adoption of clean energies and the reduction of fuel consumption.
Evaluation of the efficiency of the hepatoprotector glucuronate in toxic hepatitis of various etiology
Authors: Akalaev R. N. , Khadjibaev A. M. , Stopnitskiy A. A. , Tulyaganov D. B. , Kamilov U. R. , Saidova M. K. 
Published: October 2024

The objective was to study the effectiveness of the use of hepatoprotector glucuronate at the early stage of intensive therapy of toxic hepatitis of various etiologies.Materials and methods. We studied 120 patients with toxic hepatitis who were treated at the Republican research center for emergency medicine in 2022–2023. The study was carried out in two groups of patients. Group I – 60 patients admitted in 2023, who, in addition to traditional therapy, received a complex hepatoprotector glucuronate (Jetepar®)*. Group II (comparison group) – 60 patients who applied in 2022 and received only traditional therapy. Biochemical blood parameters were studied upon admission and over time on day 5. The severity of intellectual impairment was assessed using cognitive scales and the Reitan test on days 2 and 5 from the start of treatment.Results. Upon admission, both groups showed signs of toxic liver damage. In dynamics by the 5th day in patients of group I, there was a decrease in ALT by 63.7%, AST by 66.4%, alkaline phosphatase by 54.2% from the initial values, which was 3.9 and 2.6, 2. 1 lower than in the comparison group. The level of free ammonia in patients of group I on the 5th day decreased by 52%, and lactate by 57% from the initial level, almost to the physiological norm, while in the comparison group (II) only by 24.8% and 38.1%, which was 2.2 and 1.5 times worse than in the main group. Screening of the level of intelligence using two cognitive scales and the Reitan test showed that in patients in the comparison group, cognitive function indicators on the 5th day were 1.4, 1.5 and 1.2 times lower than in the main group.Conclusion. The use of the hepatoprotector glucuronate improves liver parameters and cognitive functions in patients with toxic hepatitis.
Predictors of polytrauma outcome in children on the first day of treatment in ICU
Authors: Pshenisnov K. V. , Aleksandrovich Yu. S. , Lipin A. S. , Tihova G. P. , Mironov P. I. , Blinov S. A. , Evgrafov V. A. , Ironosov V. E. , Kaziakhmedov V. A. , Kondin A. N. , Kuzmin O. V. , Popova I. N. , Suchanov Yu. V. , Aleksandrovich I. V. , Potapov V. S. 
Published: October 2024

The objective was to identify predictors of polytrauma outcome in children on the first day of treatment in ICU.Materials and methods. Design – multicenter, cohort, retrospective, observational study. 225 children with polytrauma were examined. The average age of children was 10 (4–14) years. There were 148 (65.8%) boys. In 65.2% of cases, the injury was received as a result of a traffic accident, catatrauma occurred in 32.6% of polytrauma. The AIS score was 34 (25–48) and the PTS score was 5 (2.0–8.0). The duration of artificial lung ventilation was 12 (0–97) hours, and treatment in ICU – 5 (2–8) days. Death was in 14.2% of cases. Results. An increase in Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and SpO2 by one unit (1 point, 1%) was found to reduce the risk of adverse outcome by 44% and 9%, respectively, and an increase in creatinine concentration and international normalized ratio by one unit increased the probability of patient death by 4.3 and 15.8 times, respectively. A mathematical formula was developed to assess the risk of an unfavorable outcome of polytrauma in children at the time of admission to the ICU: OR = exp (3.74–0.58 · [GCS score] – 0.09 · [SpO2] + 0.06 · [Creatinine] + 2.62 · [INR]. Its accuracy is 96.4%; sensitivity 83.4%; specificity 98.7%.Conclusion. Predictors of unfavorable outcome of polytrauma in children at admission to ICU are low scores on the Glasgow Coma Scale, severe hypoxemia, coagulopathy and kidney damage.
Gemeinsinn – Hoffnung in einer Welt im Krisenmodus Psychotherapie im gesellschaftspolitischen Kontext
Authors: Stein Claudius 
Published: October 2024

Gemeinsinn ist als die Bereitschaft zu verstehen, sich für das Gemeinwohl einzusetzen, und steht damit im Gegensatz zu einer zunehmenden Entsolidarisierung westlicher Gesellschaften. Gemeinsinn kann eine wesentliche Ressource sein, um die multiplen, immer rascher aufeinanderfolgenden gesellschaftlichen Krisen und Katastrophen bewältigen zu können. In diesem Artikel wird versucht zu erklären, dass individuelle Freiheit – richtig verstanden – nicht im Widerspruch zum Gemeinsinn steht. Ausgehend vom individuellen Krisenbegriff wird eine Theorie gesellschaftlicher Krisen entworfen, um dann darauf einzugehen, in welcher Form Gemeinsinn zu deren Bewältigung beitragen kann. Danach folgt eine Beschäftigung mit dem Thema Gleichheit und der Frage, welch ernste Auswirkungen die wachsende wirtschaftliche Ungleichheit auf das Zusammenleben hat. Psychotherapie ist immer Teil eines kulturellen, gesellschaftlichen und politischen Umfelds. PsychotherapeutInnen tragen somit zwangsläufig eine besondere Verantwortung. Es wird abschließend der Frage nachgegangen, wie PsychotherapeutInnen dieser besonderen Verantwortung in der aktuellen Situation gerecht werden und damit zum Gemeinsinn beitragen können.
Wind of Change 2.0: Resonanz und Oszillieren als Ressourcen in Zeiten der Polykrise
Authors: Mühl Claudia 
Published: October 2024

Der Artikel ist die Abschrift eines im Rahmen des 55. Internationalen Seminars für Psychotherapie in Bad Radkersburg 2023 gehaltenen Vortrags. Eingebettet in das Rahmenthema Verunsicherungen bewältigen – Zuversicht finden – Zukunft gestalten des Seminars setzt sich der Beitrag mit der Möglichkeit, Resonanz als Ressource verstehen zu können, auseinander. In den theoretischen Ausführungen wird besonderes Augenmerk auf Konzepte wie die Resonanztheorie nach Hartmut Rosa (2016), auf Ausführungen zu Aspekten des intersubjektiven Raumes nach Joachim Küchenhoff (2022) sowie allgemein auf Konzepte zur Intersubjektivität im Sinne Michael Ermanns (1999) gelegt. Nach einer einführenden Darstellung wird im Zuge einer tiefenpsychologisch-psychodynamischen Betrachtung und anhand einer Fallvignette überlegt, inwieweit Resonanz auch als eine ressourcenorientierte Möglichkeit der Krisenbewältigung durch eine oszillatorische Annäherung betrachtet werden kann.
Factors influencing delayed cancer health seeking in Meghalaya, Northeast India: A qualitative study
Authors: Dkhar Barilin , Khongwir Carmenia , Mawrie Uniqueky Gratis , Pohsnem Fellicita , Dhar Redolen Rose , Mawlong Anisha , Sarkar Rajiv , Nongrum Melari Shisha , Albert Sandra 
Published: October 2024

Background & objectives
India accounts for about seven per cent of the global cancer burden with the highest cancer incidence reported from the North-Eastern Region (NER), including Meghalaya. Despite this, there is paucity of published studies on health seeking behaviour for cancer in the NER. To address this gap, this study used a qualitative approach to document patient, caregiver and provider perspectives to understand the factors influencing healthcare seeking for cancers in Meghalaya.

Methods
In-depth interviews were undertaken with 37 individuals diagnosed with one of the top five cancers in Meghalaya, namely, oesophageal, breast, oral, cervical and lung cancer. They were identified from the State referral cancer hospital. Twelve caregivers and five healthcare providers were also interviewed. All interviews were conducted in the local language using semi-structured interview guides. Transcripts were translated to English, coded, categorized and analyzed using thematic framework content analysis approach.

Results
A key factor influencing delayed cancer treatment in Meghalaya included misconceptions regarding the causes of cancer and cultural concepts such as bih and skai (Khasi language), i.e. notions of a figurative ‘poison’ or ill intent that makes one susceptible to illness. A general reluctance to discuss cancer diagnoses, perceived stigma, apprehension of treatment methods influenced their decision. Other factors included negligence and misinterpretation of early symptoms of cancer, self-management, preference for traditional medicines, financial constraints and health system-related factors.

Interpretation & conclusions
This study underscores the importance of addressing barriers to cancer diagnosis and treatment in indigenous populations in northeast India, advocating for culturally appropriate messaging, capacity building for healthcare workers, integration of traditional healers, and community involvement to enhance early healthcare seeking and improve outcomes.
Методические подходы к структурированию содержания обучения информатике в начальной школе с использованием дидактических игр
Authors: Корнилов В.С. , Морозова С.В. 
Published: October 2024

В статье излагаются научнометодические аспекты формирования содержания учебного курса информатики с использованием дидактических игр, адресованных ученикам начальной школы. Для наглядности приводятся учебные задания с поэтапным объяснением и полученными результатами.
The article presents the scientific and methodological aspects of the formation of the content of the educational course of Informatics using didactic games addressed to primary school students. For clarity, the training tasks are given with a stepbystep explanation and the results obtained.
Приложения для мобильного обучения: искусство возможного
Authors: Азевич А.И. 
Published: October 2024

В статье описываются возможности мобильных приложений, применяемых в учебном процессе, а также рассматриваются базовые и продвинутые функции смартфонов, открывающие новые практики в образовании и способствующие повышению качества знаний школьников.
The article describes the possibilities of mobile applications used in the educational process, as well as discusses the basic and advanced functions of smartphones, opening new practices in education and contributing to improving the quality of knowledge of students.
Информатизация обучения будущих учителей математики линейной алгебре как фактор развития ИКТ-компетентности
Authors: Корнилов В.С. , Карымсакова А.Ж. 
Published: October 2024

В статье акцентируется внимание читателя на том, что применение компьютерных математических пакетов в процессе обучения будущих учителей математики линейной алгебре способствует развитию у них ИКТкомпетентности.
The article focuses the readers attention on the fact that the use of computer mathematical packages in the process of teaching future teachers of mathematics linear algebra contributes to the development of their ICT competence.