bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Makes A Good Teacher? Needs and Necessities-A Survey of Recent Literature on Teacher’s Subject Matter Knowledge, Pedagogical Knowledge, and Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Authors: Karami Amirreza 
Published: June 2016

<p>This paper provides an overview of some entailed issues in efficacious teaching. First section focuses upon teacher’s subject matter knowledge and the way it affects teaching. The results of the review in this part suggest the efficacy of the teacher’s high subject matter knowledge on significant improvement in teaching and learning process. Second part reviews pedagogical knowledge and its importance on effective teaching. The significance of pedagogical knowledge to the teaching and learning process has been reaffirmed, too and the last part concentrates on pedagogical content knowledge. The findings of the past research discover its vital role in language teaching and learning. <span style="font-size: 10px;">This review serves to highlight paramount findings from the recent investigations that have implications for the development of teacher education, teaching and learning enhancement.</span></p>
Winter sowing of adapted lines as a potential yield increase strategy in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)
Authors: Barrios Abel , Aparicio Trinidad , Rodríguez Manuel J. , Pérez de la Vega Marcelino , Caminero Constantino 
Published: June 2016

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik. subsp. culinaris) is a traditional crop in Spain although current grain yield in Spain is relatively low and unstable. The effect of an early sowing date (winter sowing) on yield in the Spanish Central Plateau (meseta) was analyzed comparing it to the traditional spring sowing. Yield from eleven cultivars currently available for sowing in Spain and two F6:7 populations of recombinant inbred lines (RIL), ´Precoz´ × ´WA8649041´ (89 lines) and ´BGE016365´ × ´ILL1918´ (118 lines), was evaluated in winter and spring sowing dates for three seasons (2005/06, 2006/07 and 2007/08) and two localities. Yield and stability were assessed by the method of consistency of performance with some modifications. When comparing with the best currently available cultivars sown in the traditional spring sowing date, (with an estimated average yield of 43.9 g/m in our experimental conditions), winter sowing using adapted breeding lines proved to be a suitable strategy for increasing lentil yield and yield stability in the Spanish meseta, with an average yield increase of 111% (reaching an estimated yield of 92.8 g/m). Results point to that lentil production can greatly increase in the Spanish meseta if adequate plant materials, such as some of the lines analyzed, are sown at late fall.
MÉXICO A TRAVÉS DE LOS OJOS DEL WALL STREET JOURNAL: IMÁGENES DE UNA NACIÓN Y DE UN ACUERDO ECONÓMICO (1993-1994)
Authors: Vañó de Urquijo Itziar 
Published: June 2016

Resumen. El artículo estudia la visión sobre México presentada en el diario económico estadounidense The Wall Street Journal durante los años 1993 y 1994, coincidiendo con la aprobación y entrada en vigor del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte. Se muestran, a través de un análisis del discurso y de contenidos, la complejidad y las contradicciones del discurso del periódico, así como la evolución de la imagen de la nación mexicana en el tiempo estudiado, a caballo entre lo marcado por la línea editorial del periódico (la defensa del Tratado y la imagen ad hoc de México) y por los acontecimientos políticos, económicos y sociales del país.

Palabras clave: Estados Unidos; México, TLC; Wall Street Journal; percepciones.

Abstract. The article examines the vision of Mexico portrayed in the US financial newspaper The Wall Street Journal from 1993 to 1994, coinciding with the passing and enforcement of the North American Free Trade Agreement. The article shows both the complexity and contradictions found in the newspaper’s discourse, as well as the changes in the image of Mexico built by the newspaper. This image evolves from an optimistic perspective derived from the Journal’s editorial line (a strong supporter of the Trade Agreement) to a more pessimistic one led by the troubling social, political and economic events of 1994.

Key words: United States; Mexico, NAFTA; Wall Street Journal; perceptions.
A PROPÓSITO DEL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE: ORIGEN, EVOLUCIÓN Y TEORÍAS ALTERNATIVAS
Authors: Ferrandis Martínez Adrián 
Published: June 2016

Resumen. El Desarrollo Sostenible representa el modelo de desarrollo al que todas las sociedades deberían aspirar con el objetivo de mantener en equilibrio el sistema ecológico de nuestro Planeta, al menos para conservarlo tal como hoy lo conocemos. De no ser así, las condiciones de vida existentes corren peligro de cambiar drásticamente y las consecuencias a nivel ambiental, social y económico podrían ser catastróficas. Desde la acuñación oficial del concepto, del que ya han pasado casi 30 años, los principios del Desarrollo Sostenible (a pesar de la mayor concienciación social y política) todavía quedan muy distantes de una aplicación real y de una consecución óptima de sus objetivos. Los motivos por los que se ha ralentizado esta aplicación son diversos, pero su falta de operatividad y su interpretación desarrollista por parte de los principales agentes implicados, ha dado lugar incluso al surgimiento de nuevas teorías alternativas. Es por todo esto que en este artículo se considera importante reflexionar al respecto de la redefinición del concepto, mediante la realización de un repaso a su origen y evolución, al proceso de desvirtualización de las agendas políticas para su implantación y a su confrontación con las nuevas teorías alternativas.

Palabras clave: Desarrollo Sostenible, Crecimiento Económico, Teorías Alternativas al Desarrollo Sostenible, Decrecimiento y Ecodesarrollo.

Abstract. Sustainable development represents the model of development to which every society should aim in order to maintain balance in our planet's ecological system, at least to keep it as we know it today. Otherwise, the existing living conditions are in danger of drastically change and environmental, social and economic consequences could be catastrophic. From the official coinage of the concept, which have gone nearly 30 years, the principles of sustainable development (despite the increasing social and political awareness) still remain very distant of a real application and an optimal achievement of their objectives. The reasons for which this application has slowed are diverse, but their lack of operability and its developmental interpretation by key stakeholders, has led even to the emergence of new alternative theories. All this is what this article is considered important to reflect in the respect of the redefinition of the concept, by carrying out a review of its origin and evolution, the process of name of policy to its implementation agendas and their confrontation with the new alternative theories.

Key words: Sustainable Development, Economic Growth, Alternative Theories to the Sustainable Development, Decrease and Eco-development.
LA ADECUACIÓN PEDAGÓGICA DE LOS PROYECTOS DE EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL DEL AYUNTAMIENTO DE VALENCIA A LOS PRINCIPIOS DE LA EDUCACIÓN PARA EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE
Authors: Carvalho de Sousa Alessandra 
Published: June 2016

Resumen. La temática central de este artículo está vinculada a la comprensión de la educación como herramienta esencial para el desarrollo sostenible y presenta los resultados de un trabajo realizado en el ámbito del Programa de Doctorado en Cooperación al Desarrollo de la Universitat de València, defendido públicamente en noviembre de 2014. Se trata de una investigación analítico-crítica, cuyo objeto de estudio se centró en analizar la adecuación pedagógica de los proyectos de Educación Ambiental llevados a cabo por la Concejalía de Educación Ambiental del Ayuntamiento de Valencia, a los principios pedagógicos de la Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible (complejidad e interdisciplinaridad, constructivismo, criticidad y diálogo), en el marco del Decenio de la Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible (2005-2014). Los resultados fueron obtenidos mediante un trabajo de naturaleza cualitativa y de un análisis etnográfico por categorías analíticas, fundamentadas teóricamente en los principios mismos de la Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible.

Palabras clave: Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible; Educación Ambiental; complejidad; interdisciplinaridad; criticidad; diálogo.

Abstract. The central theme of this article is linked to the understanding of education as essential tool for sustainable development tool and presents the results of the work done in the field of the PhD Program in Development Cooperation of the Valencia University, defended publicly in November 2014 (as a thesis). This is an analytical and critical research, which studies focused on analyzing the educational adequacy of environmental education projects undertaken by the Department of Environmental Education of the City of Valencia, to the pedagogical principles of education for Sustainable Development (complexity and interdisciplinary, constructivist, critical and box), under the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014). The results were obtained through a qualitative and ethnographic analyze with analytic categories, theoretically grounded in the very principles of Education for Sustainable Development.

Key words: Education for Sustainable Development; Environmental Education; complexity, interdisciplinarity, constructivism, criticality, dialogue.
LA CONCEPCIÓN GUBERNAMENTAL DEL DESARROLLO LOCAL EN CUBA, DÉFICITS Y LIMITACIONES
Authors: Betancourt López Indira 
Published: June 2016

Resumen. Cuba presenta una realidad política, económica y social que en gran medida dificulta la aplicación de políticas de desarrollo local. Esto se debe, fundamentalmente, al centralizador poder estatal; el que impide no sólo la puesta en marcha de novedosos diseños de proyectos locales, sino que además impide a algunos de sus propios organismos llevar a término tal cometido. El gobierno revolucionario instaurado en 1959 tuvo entre sus primeras medidas reducir la capacidad jurídica de los municipios. En la década de los años 90, luego del derrumbe del campo socialista, el gobierno redirigió su política económica para garantizar su supervivencia en el mundo capitalista. La reforma implicó serias alteraciones en la doctrina estatal comunista. En ella se prioriza, como norma, la política económica y social nacional frente a la local. Una realidad que pudiera ser transformada tomando en consideración los diversos estudios que se han realizado al respecto.

Palabras clave: Cuba, descentralización, reforma político-económica, organismos estatales, actores locales, gobierno, municipios.

Abstract. Cuba presents a political, economic and social reality, which greatly hinders the implementation of local development policies. This is due, mainly, to the centralized state power, which not only prevents the launch of new designs of local projects, but, also, impedes some of its own institutions to complete such task. The revolutionary government that established in 1959 had, among its first measures, reducing the legal capacity of the municipalities. In the 90s, after the collapse of the socialist bloc, the government redirected its economic policies to ensure their survival in the capitalist world. The reform involved serious alterations in the communist state doctrine in which it is prioritized, as a regulation, the national economic and social policy versus the local one. A reality that could be transformed taking into consideration the various studies, which have been done about that.

Key words: Cuba; decentralization; political and economic reform; state agencies; local stakeholders; government; municipalities.
ORIOL CONVIVE: RESPUESTA COMUNITARIA A UNAS CONDICIONES DIFÍCILES
Authors: Izquierdo Romero Ester , Moncusí Ferré Albert 
Published: June 2016

Resumen. En este trabajo se presenta el proyecto “Orriols Convive” como una iniciativa de desarrollo comunitario que se está realizando en Els Orriols, barrio periférico obrero de Valencia. Se empieza por describir sucintamente el barrio como entorno para, a continuación, abordar las fases y los logros del proyecto, así como los actores implicados y las acciones llevadas a cabo. El trabajo en red entre agentes muy diversos, la proyección externa y la autonomía se encuentran entre los principales hitos de un proyecto que, no sin dificultades, trata de revertir una situación marcada por el olvido institucional, el paro y la precariedad económica, carencias en políticas sociales e infraestructuras y una imagen mediática negativa.

Palabras clave: Orriols Convive; Valencia; desarrollo comunitario.
Access to HIV care in the context of universal test and treat: challenges within the ANRS 12249 TasP cluster‐randomized trial in rural South Africa
Authors: Plazy Mélanie , Farouki Kamal El , Iwuji Collins , Okesola Nonhlanhla , Orne‐Gliemann Joanna , Larmarange Joseph , Lert France , Newell Marie‐Louise , Dabis François , Dray‐Spira Rosemary ,   for the Anrs 12249 Tasp Study Group
Published: June 2016

IntroductionWe aimed to quantify and identify associated factors of linkage to HIV care following home‐based HIV counselling and testing (HBHCT) in the ongoing ANRS 12249 treatment‐as‐prevention (TasP) cluster‐randomized trial in rural KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa.MethodsIndividuals ≥16 years were offered HBHCT; those who were identified HIV positive were referred to cluster‐based TasP clinics and offered antiretroviral treatment (ART) immediately (five clusters) or according to national guidelines (five clusters). HIV care was also available in the local Department of Health (DoH) clinics. Linkage to HIV care was defined as TasP or DoH clinic attendance within three months of referral among adults not in HIV care at referral. Associated factors were identified using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for trial arm.ResultsOverall, 1323 HIV‐positive adults (72.9% women) not in HIV care at referral were included, of whom 36.9% (n=488) linked to care <3 months of referral (similar by sex). In adjusted analyses (n=1222), individuals who had never been in HIV care before referral were significantly less likely to link to care than those who had previously been in care (<33% vs. >42%, p<0.001). Linkage to care was lower in students (adjusted odds‐ratio [aOR]=0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24–0.92) than in employed adults, in adults who completed secondary school (aOR=0.68; CI 0.49–0.96) or at least some secondary school (aOR=0.59; CI 0.41–0.84) versus ≤ primary school, in those who lived at 1 to 2 km (aOR=0.58; CI 0.44–0.78) or 2–5 km from the nearest TasP clinic (aOR=0.57; CI 0.41–0.77) versus <1 km, and in those who were referred to clinic after ≥2 contacts (aOR=0.75; CI 0.58–0.97) versus those referred at the first contact. Linkage to care was higher in adults who reported knowing an HIV‐positive family member (aOR=1.45; CI 1.12–1.86) versus not, and in those who said that they would take ART as soon as possible if they were diagnosed HIV positive (aOR=2.16; CI 1.13–4.10) versus not.ConclusionsFewer than 40% of HIV‐positive adults not in care at referral were linked to HIV care within three months of HBHCT in the TasP trial. Achieving universal test and treat coverage will require innovative interventions to support linkage to HIV care.
High-output-power deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode assembly using direct bonding
Authors: Ichikawa Masatsugu , Fujioka Akira , Kosugi Takao , Endo Shinya , Sagawa Harunobu , Tamaki Hiroto , Mukai Takashi , Uomoto Miyuki , Shimatsu Takehito 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We fabricated high-output-power 255 and 280 nm light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using direct bonding. The LED chips were bonded to sapphire lenses at room temperature using either atomic diffusion bonding or surface-activated bonding. The LEDs with lenses had a higher light extraction efficiency than conventionally structured LEDs. As a result, at a forward current of 350 mA, the output power of the 255 nm LED increased by a factor of 2.8, reaching 73.6 mW, while that of the 280 nm LED increased by a factor of 2.3, reaching 153 mW.
High-power femtosecond pulse generation in a passively mode-locked Nd:SrLaAlO4 laser
Authors: Liu Shan-De , Dong Lu-Lu , Zheng Li-He , Berkowski Marek , Su Liang-Bi , Ren Ting-Qi , Peng Yan-Dong , Hou Jia , Zhang Bai-Tao , He Jing-Liang 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A high optical quality Nd:SrLaAlO4 (Nd:SLA) crystal was grown using the Czochralski method and showed broad fluorescence spectrum with a full width at half maximum value of 34 nm, which is beneficial for generating femtosecond laser pulses. A stable diode-pumped passively mode-locked femtosecond Nd:SLA laser with 458 fs pulse duration was achieved for the first time at a central wavelength of 1077.9 nm. The average output power of the continuous-wave mode-locked laser was 520 mW and the repetition rate was 78.5 MHz.
Improvement in the current-gain of a 1.3-µm npn-AlGaInAs/InP transistor laser using a thin p-GaInAsP base layer
Authors: Kaneko Takaaki , Yoshida Takumi , Tadano Shotaro , Nishiyama Nobuhiko , Arai Shigehisa 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
With the aim of increasing the current gain of a 1.3-µm-wavelength npn-AlGaInAs/InP transistor laser, we realized devices with a thin base layer to suppress unnecessary recombination between electrons and holes in the base layer. Consequently, we obtained a current gain of 0.18 with a base-layer thickness of 50 nm, which was 9 times higher than that previously reported with a base-layer thickness of 100 nm.
Enhanced performance of GeSn source-pocket tunnel field-effect transistors for low-power applications
Authors: Liu Lei , Liang Renrong , Wang Jing , Xu Jun 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Germanium–tin (GeSn) source-pocket tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) are comprehensively investigated by numerical device simulations at low supply voltages. Device configurations with homo- and hetero-tunneling junctions (TJ) are analyzed and compared. It is shown that direct-gap GeSn alloys are favorable for increasing the source-pocket tunneling rate. Increasing the source Sn composition of the device may aid the on-state current increase, but the subthreshold swing (SS) is degraded because of the reduced band gap. At ultrascaled supply voltages, the GeSn hetero-TJ TFET with higher pocket Sn composition exhibits the best performance and SS, and the device performance can be further improved by increasing the Sn composition in the pocket region. These simulation results could be used to understand and optimize the performance of GeSn source-pocket TFETs, which are very promising electronic devices for low-power applications.
Clarification and mitigation of marked Jc decrease at low magnetic fields of BaHfO3-doped SmBaCuO3 thin films deposited on seed layer
Authors: Watanabe Yutaro , Ichino Yusuke , Yoshida Yutaka , Ichinose Ataru 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In accordance with the results of our previous research, a low-temperature growth (LTG) technique is effective for expanding the lower growth temperature region of c-axis-orientated SmBa2Cu3O
y
(SmBCO) thin films. However, BaHfO3 (BHO)-doped LTG films show a marked decrease in J
c at low magnetic fields compared with conventional PLD films. In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanism of J
c decrease and investigated the thickness dependence of the seed layer on the (LaAlO3)0.3(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 (LSAT) (100) single crystal. The obtained results indicate that J
c decreased at low magnetic fields as the thickness of the seed layer increased. It is suggested that flux line kinks produced by flux motion in the seed layer would lead to the depinning of flux lines from BHO nanorods in the upper layer. Thus, we added Y2O3 into the seed layer to trap flux lines in the seed layer. Consequently, we improved J
c in the low magnetic field region even in the films prepared by using the LTG technique.
Characteristics of zinc oxide nanorod array/titanium oxide film heterojunction prepared by aqueous solution deposition
Authors: Lee Ming-Kwei , Hong Min-Hsuan , Li Bo-Wei 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The characteristics of a ZnO nanorod array/TiO2 film heterojunction were investigated. A TiO2 film was prepared on glass by aqueous solution deposition with precursors of ammonium hexafluorotitanate and boric acid at 40 °C. Then, a ZnO seed layer was prepared on a TiO2 film/glass substrate by RF sputtering. A vertically oriented ZnO nanorod array was grown on a ZnO seed layer/TiO2 film/glass substrate by aqueous solution deposition with precursors of zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) at 70 °C. After thermal annealing in N2O ambient at 300 °C, this heterojunction used as an oxygen gas sensor shows much better rise time, decay time, and on/off current ratio than as-grown and annealed ZnO nanorods.
Ultra-wideband ladder filters using zero-th shear mode plate wave in ultrathin LiNbO3 plate with apodized interdigital transducers
Authors: Kadota Michio , Tanaka Shuji 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
There are two kinds of plate waves propagating in a thin plate, Lamb and shear horizontal (SH) waves. The former has a velocity higher than 15,000 m/s when the plate is very thin. On the contrary, 0th SH (SH0) mode plate wave in an ultrathin LiNbO3 plate has an electro-mechanical coupling factor larger than 50%. Authors fabricated an ultra-wideband T-type ladder filter with a relative bandwidth (BW) of 41% using the SH0 mode plate wave. Although the BW of the filter fully covers the digital TV band in Japan, it does not have sufficient margin at the lower and higher end of BW. Besides, periodic small ripples due to transverse mode in pass-band of the filter were observed. In this study π-type ladder filters were fabricated by changing the pitch ratio of interdigital transducer (IDT) of parallel and series arm resonators (PR(IDT)) to control the BW, and by apodizing IDTs to improve the periodic small ripples due to transverse mode. Ultra-wideband filters without periodic small transverse mode with ultrawide bandwidth from 41 to 49% were fabricated. The BWs fully cover ultrawide digital television bands in Japan and U.S.A. These filters with an ultrawide BW and a steep characteristic show the possibility to be applied to a reported cognitive radio system and other communication systems requiring an ultrawide BW.
Analysis of ultrasonically rotating droplet using moving particle semi-implicit and distributed point source methods
Authors: Wada Yuji , Yuge Kohei , Tanaka Hiroki , Nakamura Kentaro 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Numerical analysis of the rotation of an ultrasonically levitated droplet with a free surface boundary is discussed. The ultrasonically levitated droplet is often reported to rotate owing to the surface tangential component of acoustic radiation force. To observe the torque from an acoustic wave and clarify the mechanism underlying the phenomena, it is effective to take advantage of numerical simulation using the distributed point source method (DPSM) and moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method, both of which do not require a calculation grid or mesh. In this paper, the numerical treatment of the viscoacoustic torque, which emerges from the viscous boundary layer and governs the acoustical droplet rotation, is discussed. The Reynolds stress traction force is calculated from the DPSM result using the idea of effective normal particle velocity through the boundary layer and input to the MPS surface particles. A droplet levitated in an acoustic chamber is simulated using the proposed calculation method. The droplet is vertically supported by a plane standing wave from an ultrasonic driver and subjected to a rotating sound field excited by two acoustic sources on the side wall with different phases. The rotation of the droplet is successfully reproduced numerically and its acceleration is discussed and compared with those in the literature.