bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustained Implementation of Evidence‐based Programs in Disadvantaged Communities: A Conceptual Framework of Supporting Factors
Authors: Hodge Lauren M. , Turner Karen M. T. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper presents a review of the empirical literature for studies evaluating factors that facilitate and create barriers to sustained program implementation in disadvantaged communities. It outlines study methodology and sustainment outcomes and proposes a conceptual model that involves implementation sustainment support for providers delivering evidence‐based health and family services in disadvantaged communities. Sustained program implementation in the community setting is a significant issue as only 43% of studies reported successfully sustained programs. The review identified 18 factors that facilitate success and create barriers to program sustainment. The factors are synthesized into three themes; program characteristics, workplace capacity, and process and interaction factors. The majority of factors map onto commonly cited sustainability influences in implementation science. However, there was an additional focus for studies included in this review on the importance of factors such as program burden, program familiarity and perceived competence in program skills, workplace support for the program, staff mobility and turnover, supervision and peer support, and ongoing technical assistance. The need to use a conceptual framework and develop measures to guide and evaluate capacity building in EBP implementation and sustainment in low‐resource community settings is highlighted.
Metal‐Free Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridines by Formal [2+2+2] Cycloaddition under Mild Conditions
Authors: Xie Lan‐Gui , Shaaban Saad , Chen Xiangyu , Maulide Nuno 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of pyridines through direct intermolecular cycloaddition of alkynes and nitriles is a contemporary challenge in organic synthesis. A Brønsted acid mediated formal [2+2+2] cycloaddition of heteroalkynes and nitriles was developed that proceeds under mild conditions. This constitutes a modular approach to highly substituted pyridine cores.
Butelase‐Mediated Macrocyclization of d‐Amino‐Acid‐Containing Peptides
Authors: Nguyen Giang K. T. , Hemu Xinya , Quek Jun‐Ping , Tam James P. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMacrocyclic compounds have received increasing attention in recent years. With their large surface area, they hold promise for inhibiting protein–protein interactions, a chemical space that was thought to be undruggable. Although many chemical methods have been developed for peptide macrocyclization, enzymatic methods have emerged as a promising new economical approach. Thus far, most enzymes have been shown to act on l‐peptides; their ability to cyclize d‐amino‐acid‐containing peptides has rarely been documented. Herein we show that macrocycles consisting of d‐amino acids, except for the Asn residue at the ligating site, were efficiently synthesized by butelase 1, an Asn/Asp‐specific ligase. Furthermore, by using a peptide‐library approach, we show that butelase 1 tolerates most of the d‐amino acid residues at the P1′′ and P2′′ positions.
Segmental dynamics of functional graphene‐filled poly(ether sulfone ether ketone ketone) nanocomposites
Authors: Yu Wenwen , Shi Jiangao , Wang Luming 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe segmental dynamics of functional graphene (fGR)/poly(ether sulfone ether ketone ketone) (PESEKK) nanocomposites were investigated via differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements. First, fGR was prepared using graphene oxide and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Subsequently, a series of fGR/PESEKK nanocomposites were prepared through solution blend. When the sulfone groups were introduced into the segments of PESEKK polymers, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PESEKK was higher than that of free sulfone functionalized poly(ether ketone ketone). The fGR/PESEKK nanocomposites displayed a uniform nanostructure because of the strong interfacial interaction between fGR and PESEKK. With the increase in the fGR contents, the Tg values of fGR/PESEKK nanocomposites decreased. Two loss factor peaks were noted in the fGR/PESEKK nanocomposites, which were characterized via DMA. The α′‐relaxation of the nanocomposites at low temperature was assigned to polymer chains close to the polymer/filler interface with mobility higher than that in the bulk unfilled PESEKK (α‐relaxation). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44391.
Polyurethane/amino‐grafted multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites: Microstructure, thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties
Authors: Askari Fahimeh , Barikani Mehdi , Barmar Mohammad , Shokrollahi Parvin 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTA mixture of two different polyols, (polytetramethylene ether glycol and polydimethylsiloxane), were employed to synthesize a new structure of polyurethane (PU) with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and 1,4‐butanediol as chain extender. PU nanocomposites containing variable amount (0.3, 0.5, 1, and 3 wt %) of amino‐grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes (NH2‐MWNT) were prepared via in situ polymerization. The dispersion of NH2‐MWNT into polymer matrix was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) confirmed the urethane‐urea chemical bonding between the PU chains and the NH2‐MWNT. Thermal stabilities of the nanocomposites were examined with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the results indicated a remarkable improvement with increasing NH2‐MWNT contents. The results of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) including storage modulus (E′) and glass transition temperature (Tg), as well as tensile properties demonstrated that the yield strength, strain‐at‐break, and young modulus were enhanced by increasing NH2‐MWNT content. Rheological behavior including complex viscosity and storage and loss moduli of the PU nanocomposites improved with increasing NH2‐MWNT loading, as well. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44411.
Design of intelligent chitosan/heparin hollow microcapsules for drug delivery
Authors: Sun Lili , Xiong Xin , Zou Qiaogen , Ouyang Pingkai , Burkhardt Claus , Krastev Rumen 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIn this study, a novel strategy has been developed for the assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) on CaCO3 templates in acidic pH solutions, where consecutive polyelectrolyte layers (heparin/poly(allylamine hydrochloride) or heparin/chitosan) were deposited on PEM hollow microcapsules established previously on CaCO3 templates. The PEM build‐up, hollow capsule characterization and successful encapsulation of fluorescein 5(6)‐isothiocyanate (FITC)‐Dextran by coprecipitation with CaCO3 are demonstrated. Improvement by the removal of CaCO3 core was achieved while the depositions. In the course of the release profile, high retardation for encapsulated FITC‐Dextran was observed. The combined shell capsules system is a significant trait that has potential use in tailoring functional layer‐by‐layer capsules as intelligent drug delivery vehicles where the preliminary in vitro tests showed the responsiveness on the enzymes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44425.
Multi‐objective optimization of transesterification in biodiesel production catalyzed by immobilized lipase
Authors: Karimi Mahmoud , Jenkins Bryan , Stroeve Pieter 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn order to comply with criteria of green energy concepts and sustainability, a multi‐objective analysis was performed for the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) using immobilized lipase. Response surface methodology and artificial neural networks, followed by multiple response optimization through a desirability function approach were applied to individually and simultaneously evaluate the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) content and the exergy efficiency. Reaction time and concentrations of methanol, immobilized lipase and water were considered as the design variables in maximizing FAME content and exergy efficiency. The maximum individual desirability of FAME content was predicted to be 95.7% corresponding to a methanol to WCO molar ratio of 6.7, catalyst concentration of 45%, water content of 9% and reaction time of 25 h. However, based on the simultaneously optimization of both the FAME content and the exergy efficiency, the maximum overall desirability was found at a methanol to WCO molar ratio of 6.7, catalyst concentration of 35%, water content of 12% and reaction time of 20 h to achieve FAME content of 88.6% and exergy efficiency of 80.1%, respectively. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Endoplasmic reticulum‐directed recombinant mRNA displays subcellular localization equal to endogenous mRNA during transient expression in CHO cells
Authors: Kallehauge Thomas Beuchert , Kol Stefan , Rørdam Andersen Mikael , Kroun Damgaard Christian , Lee Gyun Min , Faustrup Kildegaard Helene 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWhen expressing pharmaceutical recombinant proteins in mammalian cells, the protein is commonly directed through the secretory pathway, in a signal peptide‐dependent manner, to acquire specific post‐translational modifications and to facilitate secretion into the culture medium. One key premise for this is the direction of the mRNA encoding the recombinant protein to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for subsequent protein translocation into the secretory pathway. To evaluate the efficiency of this process in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, the subcellular localization of recombinant mRNA encoding the therapeutic proteins, erythropoietin (EPO) and Rituximab, was determined. The results show that ER‐directed recombinant mRNAs exhibited an efficient recruitment to the ER when compared to an endogenous ER‐directed mRNA, with no cytoplasmic translation of ER‐directed recombinant proteins observed. These observations indicate that the recombinant mRNA, encoding ER‐directed proteins, follows the same distribution pattern as endogenous mRNA directed towards the ER. Furthermore, the previous established fractionation method proves to be an efficient tool to study not only recombinant mRNA localization, but also recombinant protein trafficking between the ER and cytosol in CHO cells.
Symptom clusters and survival in Portuguese patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Barata Pedro C. , Cardoso Alice , Custodio Maria P. , Alves Marta , Papoila Ana L. , António Barbosa , Lawlor Peter G. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study aimed to identify clusters of symptoms, to determine the patient characteristics associated with identified, and determine their strength of association with survival in patients with advanced cancer (ACPs). Consecutively eligible ACPs not receiving cancer‐specific treatment, and referred to a Tertiary Palliative Care Clinic, were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. At first consultation, patients rated 9 symptoms through the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (0–10 scale) and 10 others using a Likert scale (1–5). Principal component analysis was used in an exploratory factor analysis to identify. Of 318 ACPs, 301 met eligibility criteria with a median (range) age of 69 (37–94) years. Three SCs were identified: neuro‐psycho‐metabolic (NPM) (tiredness, lack of appetite, lack of well−being, dyspnea, depression, and anxiety); gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting, constipation, hiccups, and dry mouth) and sleep impairment (insomnia and sleep disturbance). Exploratory factor analysis accounted for 40% of variance of observed variables in all SCs. Shorter survival was observed for patients with the NPM cluster (58 vs. 23, P < 0.001), as well as for patients with two or more SCs (45 vs. 21, P = 0.005). In a multivariable model for survival at 30‐days, age (HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97–0.99; P = 0.008), hospitalization at inclusion (HR: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.47–3.51; P < 0.001), poorer performance status (HR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.24–2.89; P = 0.003), and NPM (HR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.17–2.31; P = 0.005), were associated with worse survival. Three clinically meaningful SC in patients with advanced cancer were identifiable. The NPM cluster and the presence of two or more SCs, had prognostic value in relation to survival.
Supervision of Food Manufacturing Processes Using Optical Process Analyzers – An Overview
Authors: Zettel Viktoria , Ahmad Muhammad Haseeb , Beltramo Tetyana , Hermannseder Bernhard , Hitzemann Annika , Nache Marius , Paquet‐Durand Olivier , Schöck Thomas , Hecker Florian , Hitzmann Bernd 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe food industry is the fourth largest industrial sector in Germany. The eagerness for innovation is classified as low. The food industry faces significantly larger challenges compared to the chemical industry since the demands of raw materials on processing are higher and more complex. In this contribution, the characteristics of food manufacturing are presented. The potential of optical process analyzers based on NIR, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy as well as on digital image analysis is demonstrated. These process analyzers can provide important information on raw materials, intermediate and end products, and improve the automation grade of production processes.
Moral disengagement and callous–unemotional traits: A longitudinal study of Italian adolescents with a disruptive behaviour disorder
Authors: Muratori Pietro , Paciello Marinella , Buonanno Carlo , Milone Annarita , Ruglioni Laura , Lochman John E. , Masi Gabriele 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundCallous–unemotional traits have been proposed as risk factors for a poorer prognosis in young people with disruptive behaviour disorders. Identification of factors that may cause or maintain elevated levels of such traits could help in developing targeted therapeutic interventions. Some previous studies have investigated the role of moral cognitive mechanisms, such as moral disengagement, but these previous studies focused primarily on normal or ‘at‐risk’ samples.AimWe aimed to evaluate associations and possible interactions between moral disengagement as a cognitive dimension and callous–unemotional traits as an affective dimension in adolescents with disruptive behaviour disorders.MethodWe recruited 55 adolescents with a disruptive behaviour disorder from a community care hospital in Pisa. They were evaluated at baseline and after one year with measures that included a moral disengagement scale, the Antisocial Process Screening Device, to assess callous traits, and the Youth Self‐Report, to explore externalising behaviour problems.ResultsStructural equation modelling showed that higher initial moral disengagement scores were associated with later higher levels of callous–unemotional traits in adolescents and vice versa, even after, respectively, controlling for previous levels of callous traits and moral disengagement.ConclusionAs impairments in either cognitive or affective traits may predispose to problematic development of the other, our findings would suggest that screening at the earliest opportunity possible for both moral disengagement and callous–unemotional traits among children with disruptive behaviour disorders could help to map natural outcome pathways and thus tailor more accurate interventions for prevention of antisocial or criminal behaviour. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Thiophene “Sigma‐Hole” as a Concept for Preorganized, Specific Recognition of G⋅C Base Pairs in the DNA Minor Groove
Authors: Guo Pu , Paul Ananya , Kumar Arvind , Farahat Abdelbasset A. , Kumar Dhiraj , Wang Siming , Boykin David W. , Wilson W. David 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn spite of its importance in cell function, targeting DNA is under‐represented in the design of small molecules. A barrier to progress in this area is the lack of a variety of modules that recognize G⋅C base pairs (bp) in DNA sequences. To overcome this barrier, an entirely new design concept for modules that can bind to mixed G⋅C and A⋅T sequences of DNA is reported herein. Because of their successes in biological applications, minor‐groove‐binding heterocyclic cations were selected as the platform for design. Binding to A⋅T sequences requires hydrogen‐bond donors whereas recognition of the G‐NH2 requires an acceptor. The concept that we report herein uses pre‐organized N‐methylbenzimidazole (N‐MeBI) thiophene modules for selective binding with mixed bp DNA sequences. The interaction between the thiophene sigma hole (positive electrostatic potential) and the electron‐donor nitrogen of N‐MeBI preorganizes the conformation for accepting an hydrogen bond from G‐NH2. The compound–DNA interactions were evaluated with a powerful array of biophysical methods and the results show that N‐MeBI‐thiophene monomer compounds can strongly and selectively recognize single G⋅C bp sequences. Replacing the thiophene with other moieties significantly reduces binding affinity and specificity, as predicted by the design concept. These results show that the use of molecular features, such as sigma‐holes, can lead to new approaches for small molecules in biomolecular interactions.
Enantioselective Phase‐Transfer Catalyzed α‐Sulfanylation of Isoxazolidin‐5‐ones: An Entry to β2,2‐Amino Acid Derivatives
Authors: Cadart Timothée , Berthonneau Clément , Levacher Vincent , Perrio Stéphane , Brière Jean‐François 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAn unprecedented enantioselective α‐functionalization of C4‐substituted N‐alkoxycarbonyl isoxazolidin‐5‐ones, readily available platforms from Meldrum's acid derivatives, by N‐sulfanylphthalimide (PhthSR) electrophiles was achieved upon an efficient phase‐transfer catalytic approach, mediated by a commercial N‐spiro quaternary ammonium catalyst. Two catalytic activities of the in situ formed R4N+Phth− species were highlighted, the phtalimidate being involved in the anion metathesis event and likely as a Brønsted base. This sequence offers a straightforward access to α,α‐disubstituted isoxazolidinones, which turned out to be useful precursors of α‐sulfanyl‐β2,2‐amino acid derivatives.
Analysis of conjugated processes of film evaporation and condensation in a tubular heat exchanger
Authors: Merouani Lazhar , Abboudi Said , Boulahrouz Salim 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates coupled phase changes by forced convection from co‐current flows of liquid films and vapour‐air mixtures in a tubular heat exchanger. Evaporation occurs in the inner tube and condensation in the annulus region. Heat and mass transfers in the liquid films and the vapour‐gas mixtures are described by the conservation equations of momentum, energy, and diffusion. An appropriate change of coordinates is introduced in order to obtain a computational mesh with straight liquid‐mixture interfaces along the walls. The governing equations are discretized by an implicit finite differences method and solved using an efficient numerical methodology. The distributions of axial velocity, temperature, and vapour concentration in all regions of the tubes are determined from iterative procedures with a high convergence rate. The current analysis also provides the axial evolutions of film thicknesses, heat flux, condensation, and evaporation rates in the whole domain. In addition, the effects of the inlet parameters of Reynolds number, relative humidity, pressure, and liquid flow rate on the heat transfer characteristics, and the evaporation and condensation rates are also investigated.
Management trends for men with early‐stage nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testicle: An analysis of the National Cancer Database
Authors: Weiner Adam B. , Pearce Shane M. , Eggener Scott E. 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUNDSurveillance has been recommended more frequently as a postorchiectomy management option for men with early stage nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT) of the testicle. It is unknown how contemporary treatment patterns reflect these recommendations.METHODSData from the National Cancer Database were extracted on all men who were diagnosed with clinical stage (CS) IA or CSIB NSGCT between 2004 and 2013. Temporal trends in the use of chemotherapy, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND), and surveillance were measured; and multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association of patient and clinical covariates with use of surveillance.RESULTSOf the 4080 men with CSIA NSGCT, 70%, 17%, and 13% received surveillance, RPLND, and chemotherapy, respectively. Surveillance increased in this group from 65% (2004‐2005) to 74% (2012‐2013: adjusted odds ratio, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.14‐1.98; P = .004). Of the 2580 men who had CSIB NSGCT, 46%, 20%, and 34% received surveillance, RPLND, and chemotherapy, respectively. In this group, 48% of men underwent surveillance in the years 2004 to 2005 and 2012 to 2013 (adjusted P = .8). Upon multivariable analyses, higher income and the oldest age quartile were associated with increased odds of surveillance among men with CSIA NSGCT (both P < .050). Hispanic men with CSIB NSGCT were more likely to receive surveillance compared with non‐Hispanic white men (P = .001).CONCLUSIONSNearly 75% of men with CSIA NSGCT and nearly 50% of men with CSIB NSGCT received surveillance in 2012 and 2013. The likelihood of receiving surveillance increased from 2004 through 2013 for men with CSIA NSGCT but was unchanged for men with CSIB. Cancer 2017;123:245–252. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Unraveling Cold Molecular Collisions: Stark Decelerators in Crossed‐Beam Experiments
Authors: Onvlee Jolijn , Vogels Sjoerd N. , van de Meerakker Sebastiaan Y. T. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn the last two decades, enormous progress has been made in the manipulation of molecular beams. In particular, molecular decelerators have been developed with which advanced control over neutral molecules in a beam can be achieved. By using arrays of inhomogeneous and time‐varying electric (or magnetic) fields, bunches of molecules can be produced with a tunable velocity, narrow velocity spreads, and almost perfect quantum‐state purity. These monochromatic or “tamed” molecular beams are ideally suited to be used in crossed‐molecular‐beam scattering experiments. Here, we review the first generation of these “cold and controlled” scattering experiments that have been conducted in the last decade and discuss the prospects for this emerging field of research in the years to come.