bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface microstructure, optical and electrical properties of spray pyrolyzed PbS and Zn-PbS thin films for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Adeoye Abiodun E. , Ajenifuja Emmanuel , Taleatu Bidini A. , Ogunmola Enoch D. , Omotoso E. , Adeyemi O. , Babatunde O. G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLead sulphide (PbS) and zinc- doped lead sulphide (Zn-PbS) thin films were prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis on soda lime glass substrates at a temperature of 250 °C. Precursors were prepared from chemical reagents including zinc acetate, lead acetate and thiourea. The deposited films thicknesses and elemental composition were studied by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS); the percentages of Pb and S were estimated as 40.58 % and 59.42 %, respectively, while for the Zn-doped sample, the percentages of Zn, Pb and S were respectively 4.84 %, 44.57 % and 50.59 %. Morphological studies revealed that the films were continuous and the particles were uniformly distributed across the substrate surface. AFM probe revealed nanostructured films with particles densely distributed across the substrates surfaces with incorporation of Zn2+. Statistical distribution of the grains over a specific projected area indicated average growth height of about 47 nm. Optical studies indicated that the transmission in visible light region of Zn-PbS thin film was superior to that of the undoped sample. Interband transition of both PbS and Zn-PbS films is directly allowed and their energy band gaps were found to be 0.43 eV and 1.45 eV, respectively. Electrical characterization showed that both films are of p-type conductivity with surface resistivity values of the order of 104Ω·cm.
Green synthesis of Co3O4/graphene nanocomposite as cathode for magnesium batteries
Authors: Kamar E. M. , Sheha E. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractUltrafine Co3O4nanoparticles homogeneously attached to graphene sheets by sonochemical method have been demonstrated as a promising cathode material for magnesium batteries. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) have been employed to characterize the structural properties of this material. SEM analyses clearly confirmed that the Co3O4nanoparticles have been uniformly coated on the entire surface of graphene sheets to form a compact composite. The Co3O4-graphene nanocomposite was employed as a cathode electrode in magnesium-ion batteries, and their electrochemical properties were briefly investigated. The graphene sheets can also effectively buffer the volume change in Co3O4upon magnesium insertion/extraction, thus improving the cycling preformance of the composite electrode. It was revealed that the Co3O4-graphene composite can provide a small capacity of 16 mAh·g-1using a new nonaqueous electrolyte that is tetrahydrofuran-free, which provides a new direction to explore cathode materials for Mg batteries.
Multi-sided metallization of textile fibres by using magnetron system with grounded cathode
Authors: Chodun Rafał , Wicher Bartosz , Skowrński Łukasz , Nowakowska-Langier Katarzyna , Okrasa Sebastian , Grabowski Andrzej , Minikayev Roman , Zdunek Krzysztof 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The synthesis of coatings on textiles fibers enables functionalization of their properties e.g.: changing the reaction on IR radiation. In our experiment, a magnetron with a grounded cathode and positively biased anode was used as a source of plasma. A ring anode was positioned at 8 cm distance from the cathode. Samples of glass and cotton textile were placed at the plane of the anode. Ti and TiN coatings were deposited by sputtering of titanium target in Ar or Ar+ N2 atmosphere. SEM studies showed that, using the magnetron system described above, the textile fibers were covered by the 2 μm to 3 μm thick coatings. Unexpectedly, the coatings were deposited at both sides of the samples: the front side was exposed to glow discharge plasma and the backside was completely shaded from the plasma. IR optical investigation exhibited significant change in reflectance and transmittance of the coated textiles. The using of standard magnetron system (grounded anode and cathode at negative potential) resulted in a coating deposition at the textile side exposed to the plasma action only. We believe that the multi-sided deposition of coatings observed during the process run with magnetron with grounded cathode is a result of an ambipolar diffusion mechanism in the anodic potential drop region.
First-principles study of mechanical, vibrational and thermodynamic properties of magnetic XC compounds (X = Rb, Sr)
Authors: Lakdja A. , Benzaidi I. , Sayede A. , Chahed A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Lattice dynamic and mechanical properties of hypothetical RbC and SrC compounds were investigated using the ab-initio pseudopotential method and a linear response scheme. The lattice dynamics was studied in the framework of the density functional perturbation theory (DFPT). The dynamical and mechanical stability of the hypothetical RbC and SrC compounds was proved in their equilibrium B1 structure. In addition, the same stability was confirmed in the B3 phase. The thermodynamic properties were also investigated. They exhibited the same trend in both phases, and followed the Debye model. These results were confirmed in the ferromagnetic state, which makes the investigated compounds promising candidates in the spintronic field.
Novel sulfur containing derivatives of carboranes and metallacarboranes
Authors: Anufriev Sergei A. , Zakharova Maria V. , Stogniy Marina Yu. , Sivaev Igor B. , Bregadze Vladimir I. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A series of new closo- and nido-carborane based functional derivatives 1-X(CH2)nS-1,2-C2B10H11 (X=COOH, N3, CH(NH2)COOH) and [7-X(CH2)nS-7,8-C2B9H11]− (X=COOH, N3, NH2, CH(NH2)COOH) was prepared by alkylation of 1-mercapto-ortho-carborane. Dialkylsulfonium derivatives of nido-carborane 9-R(Me)S-7,8-C2B9H11 and 10-R(Me)S-7,8-C2B9H11 with boron-sulfur bond were prepared by alkylation of the corresponding methyl-carboranyl thioether. New types of intramolecular B–H···X and B–H···π(C≡C) interactions were found in nido-carborane alkylmethyl sulfonium derivatives 9-XCH2S(Me)S-7,8-C2B9H11 and 10-RC≡CCH2S(Me)S-7,8-C2B9H11, respectively. Isomeric methylsulfide derivatives of transition metal bis(dicarbollide) complexes [X,Y-(MeS)2-3,3′-M(1,2-C2B9H10)2]− (M=Co, Fe) were prepared starting from the corresponding methylcarboranyl thioethers. The intramolecular CHcarb···S(Me)S hydrogen bonding between the dicarbollide ligands in cobalt bis(dicarbollide) complexes results in stabilization of definite rotational isomers – transoid in the case of the 8,8′-isomer and gauche in the case of the 4,4′- and 4,7′-isomers.
NATO revolution in the Polish military cartography
Authors: Sobczyński Eugeniusz , Pietruszka Jerzy 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The article presents a review of contemporary Polish military topographic maps, with special focus on those in the scale of 1:50,000. They are basic maps used in all armies of NATO countries at tactical stages.
After the political breakthrough of 1989 Polish political elites saw the future of our country in the structures of Western Europe, but the Warsaw Pact still existed, and Soviet Army units were stationed in Poland and in the German Democratic Republic. All the Warsaw Pact countries used maps in the “1942” coordinate system and followed standardized rules of map elaboration. The article presents transformation of those maps into NATO standards, the first stage of which was elaboration of the, so-called, maps adapted to NATO standards.
At the end of 1990s there started elaboration of a new topographic map of Poland in the scale of 1:50,000. The project involved preparation of a level 2 map, in NATO nomenclature known as VMap Level 2, and simultaneously using the same base for to generate 580 sheets of a paper map in 1:50,000. Map elaboration finished in 2006 and in the following years the project was enhanced with publication of new maps based on high-resolution image data.
Since 2003 Polish cartographers have been participating in Multinational Geospatial Co-production Program (MGCP). Within the program high-resolution vector data is being prepared for selected areas of interest. They are mainly areas of current or potential military conflict, terrorist threat, ethnic or religious conflict, natural disaster, etc. MGCP data is not a ready product meant for direct usage, and without proper preparation it is simply unreadable. Therefore, special computer applications were developed to facilitate fast preparation of topographic maps in 1:50,000: MGCP Derived Graphic (MDG) and lately MGCP Topographic Map (MTM). Such maps differ from Polish topographic maps both in contents (to a lesser extent) and in graphic form (to a larger extent). They contain less objects, but include aerial information.
Do Social Networks have Effects on the Risk Attitude of Commercial Poultry Farmers? Evidence from Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Obayelu Oluwakemi Adeola , Olowe Olukemi Olumuyiwa , Faleye Temitope Grace 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPoultry production decision setting is full of risk and imperfect information. Attitude towards risk is a measure of farmers’ willingness to take risks which is an important determinant in their production decisions. Strong social capital emanating from social networks can lead to efficient risk management strategies, thereby minimizing risks faced by the farmers. Therefore, the effects of social capital on the risk attitude of small-scale commercial poultry farmers in Oyo state were assessed. Data were collected from two hundred small-scale farmers and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, factorial analysis, multinomial logit and a two-stage least square. Results showed that 52.5%, 37.5% and 10% of the poultry farmers were risk averse, risk neutral and risk preferring, respectively. About 31.4% and 68.6% of the female and male farmers respectively were risk averse. Close to a fifth, a quarter and two-thirds of the risk averse, risk neutral and risk takers respectively contributed 21-30% of the decisions in the associations. Fourteen percent of the farmers belonged to homogeneous groups. The choice of being risk averse was affected by marital status, educational level, family size, percentage spent on poultry income and aggregate social capital. There was no reverse causality between risk attitude and social capital.
Total Content of Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity in Crispbreads with Plant By-product addition
Authors: Konrade Daiga , Klava Dace 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Vegetable processing in food industry results in significant amount of by-products – peel, mark, bark, seeds still rich in bioactive compounds. Apple, carrot and pumpkin peel and mark may be used for production of crispbreads as functional ingredients. The objective of this study is to investigate the stability of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity after high temperature and short time (HTST) extrusion cooking of a wheat and rice-based crispbreads with addition of apple, carrot and pumpkin by-products obtained after juice extraxtion and dried. Raw materials for crispbread production were wheat flour, rice flour, wheat bran (72%, 24% and 4% respectively) with addition of microwave–vacuum dried by-product powder in different amount (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%). Extrusion process was performed by using a laboratory singlescrew extruder GÖTTFERT 1 screw Extrusiometer L series (Germany). Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using the Folin Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by free radical 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant scavenging activity using a modified colorimetric method. Comparing different raw formulations, it was observed that the TPC of the apple by-product flour was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in carrot and pumpkin flour. TPC in cereal-based crispbread was 36.06±1.15 before extrusion and 13.90±1.01 mg GAEg-1 DW (milligram Gallic acid equivalent per 100 g of dry weight (mg GAE 100 g−1 DW) after extrusion. Addition of apple BPF increased TPC in crispbreads to 106.25±2.08, carrot BPF 84.73±3.45 and pumpkin BPF to 108.82±1.04 mg GAEg−1 DW. Antioxidant activity of control sample was 1.07±0.01mg TE (Trolox equivalents) g−1 DW but in samples with addition of 20% apple by-products, it reached 3.77±0.02 TE g−1 DW for samples wih 20% carrot by-products reached 2.52±0.03TE g−1 DW and for samples wih 20% pumpkin by-products reached 3.77±0.02 TE g−1 DW.
Comparative Pedagogical Analysis of Philologists’ Professional Training at American and Ukrainian Universities
Authors: Bidyuk Natalya , Ikonnikova Maryna 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The article deals with comparative and pedagogical analysis of philologists’ professional training at American and Ukrainian universities on the conceptual (philosophical and pedagogical paradigms, concepts, theories, approaches, teaching goals and strategies), organizational and pedagogical (tuition fee, training duration and modes, entry requirements) and content and technological levels. The structures of philologists’ professional training in the USA and Ukraine have been compared at the conceptual level. It has been revealed that at present, in both countries, professional training is carried out under the conditions of degree-based education taking into account competency-based, practice- and personality-oriented approaches, is based on the principles of humanization and humanitarization, learning democratization, the combination of national traditions and trends in the international educational space, is aimed at developing a modern, highly competitive specialist in philology. It has been indicated that in the system of philologists’ professional training in the United States, there is an orientation towards the subject of learning; personal and practical approaches to organizing professional training of future philologists create the most favourable conditions for developing students’ skills; however, in Ukraine these approaches are only becoming popular. It has been concluded that profound analysis of the advantages in using rational ideas of US experience will upgrade and improve the system of philologists’ professional training in Ukraine, which is a component of continuing professional education caused by the concrete socioeconomic factors of society development and is to reveal the specificity of philologists’ professional training (the content, forms, methods and pedagogical technologies), to create effective stimuli for professional and personal development of philologists.
Social and Occupational Activation of People at Risk of Social Exclusion in Poland Against the Background of the EU Cohesion Policy
Authors: Sikora Jan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract The subject of the article is social and occupational activation of persons at risk of social exclusion. The phenomenon of social exclusion is an important socio-economic problem today and an important area for the implementation of the priorities of EU cohesion policy. This policy sets out the indicators to be achieved by 2020. Among the specific measures to achieve the set goals particularly significant is the implementation of the concept of supported employment targeted at people at risk of social exclusion. It has been outlined that the core document defining current EU policies and guidelines is the aforementioned “Strategy for Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth, EUROPE 2020” setting out the following key priorities for the focus of for EU Member States: 1) intelligent development - development of knowledge- and innovation based economy, 2) sustainable development - supporting a more resource efficient, more environmentally-friendly, and more competitive economy, 3) inclusive growth - supporting economy with high employment rate which ensures social and territorial cohesion. It has been stated that. “National Strategy for Social Integration for Poland” the areas of exclusion include: 1) living in unfavorable economic conditions, 2) unfavorable effect of social processes resulting from massive, dynamic developmental changes, 3) insufficient life capital, 4) lack of access to appropriate institutions, 5) experiencing discrimination, 6) personal traits that hinder the use of common social resources. It seems that the basis task of a researcher in this context is not so much solving but rather identification of a problem stemming from objective conditions generating phenomena of marginalization and social exclusion. This analytical effort, taken in the frames of different research orientations is aimed at changing mechanisms ruling this process. It is not so much about providing universal solutions as these may be different for each society and must be looked for taking consideration of local economic and specific cultural conditions.
The Influence of Western European Humanistic Pedagogy on Forming Ukrainian School in 16Th-17th Centuries
Authors: Petruk Nataliia 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The article is dedicated to analysis of the content and the peculiarities of school education in Ukraine in view of disseminating the leading ideas of European humanistic pedagogy during the 16th-17th centuries. It has been noted that during the period of disseminating humanistic ideas the principles of Ukrainian education and Ukrainian school were forming in an active interaction with European culture and European education. Ukrainian school education is seen as a phenomenon that has accumulated the values of Western European humanistic culture, namely, respect for the individual, awareness of intellectual activity importance, the value of labour, understanding of the need for education and knowledge of languages. An active role in disseminating the pan-European models of education has been played by an intellectual environment, which was forming in the well known cultural and educational centers of Ukraine of the 16th-17th centuries, such as the Ostroh Culture and Education Center, the Lviv Brother School, the Kyiv Brother School, the Kyiv Collegium. Ukrainian intellectual elite, namely, university professors, teachers, students, have become the main carriers of education. The nature of the processes taking place in the educational space of Ukraine have been significantly influenced by the circumstances of religious life associated with the protection of the Orthodox Church before the onset of Catholicism. High standards of education, knowledge of the old classical and modern European languages were an important basis for the full-fledged spiritual development of the Ukrainian ethnic group. A retrospective consideration of the past reveals new meanings and imperatives in development of modern Ukrainian education, and the rich experience of Ukrainian teachers, collegium lecturers, professors of the first universities justify the necessary reasons for Ukrainian education entering into the European space.
The Essence and Structure of History and Legal Studies Teacher’s Competency: Analysis of Ukrainian and Foreign Scholars’ Approaches
Authors: Riabovol Liliia 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
For a teacher to be professionally successful, they should possess relevant competencies. A history and legal studies teacher’s competency as an integrated entity has not been the subject of scientific researches yet. The paper aims to analyze legal documents as well as scientific literature, generalize and systematize the approaches to understanding the essence and structure of teacher’s professional competency. It is considered as a set of specific competencies; a component of teacher’s competency; one of its two main competencies. These approaches do not contribute to understanding teacher’s competency as a holistic integrated formation; competencies, which are singled out along with teacher’s professional competency and should be considered as its organic components. The structure of teacher’s competency based on the positions of functional approach is described as a set of components, namely, knowledge of psychology and pedagogy, abilities, skills, emotions, internal motivation, attitudes, moral and ethical values, experience; gnostic, constructive, organizational, communicative, analytical, creative, predictive, projective, informational, pedagogical skills, etc. The teacher’s competency is denoted by different terms. Its essence is fully revealed by the term “professional and pedagogical competency”, which allows describing teacher’s competency as a holistic personal entity belonging to a particular professional teacher, comprehensively characterizing it and serves as a means of achieving pedagogical goals and solving pedagogical tasks, a criterion for a professional teacher’s development. Despite certain differences in understanding the essence and the vision of teacher’s competency structure, almost all researchers of this problem agree on the fact that the factors of developing a highly competent teacher are high-quality pedagogical education, professional training and lifelong professional development. Rather perspective are further studies on specification of the volume and the content of knowledge, skills and abilities, the values of history and legal studies teachers as components of their competency, as well as experimental confirmation of relevant theoretical positions.
Methodology of Projecting Pedagogical Education Oriented Toward Quality and Trends in Its Development in the EU Countries
Authors: Desiatov Tymofii 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The main directions of evolution and trends in pedagogical education development in European countries have been analyzed. It has been found that modernization of pedagogical education in Ukraine is practically impossible without analyzing the development of pedagogical education in the EU countries. It has been proved that in order to study trends in the development of pedagogical education in the EU countries in terms of their diversity and community, it is also necessary to identify and specify the integration factors of this social phenomenon. It has been emphasized that careful attention to the quality of education is explained by the transition of most of the national education systems in Europe to the methodology of projecting education focused on learning outcomes and their monitoring. It has been clarified that with the development of the EHEA there is a gradual shift in emphasis from external assessment of higher education quality to the institutional level, from the learning process to competency-based approach with a predominant orientation towards professional and personal preparedness and, first of all, graduates employment as a criterion of learning outcomes. Special attention has been drawn to the fact that, despite the processes of internationalization and globalization of social life, covering social relations, science, culture, education, at the same time, many centuries-old traditions of various cultural-historical types of society, various civilizations that influence the character of pedagogical education are kept. It has been investigated that in most EU countries education is dominated by the ideas of humanization and continuity, aimed at meeting the growing needs of the individual, “focus on personality”, which involves a variety of types and kinds of modern higher education, its multivariant character and multimodality, orientation towards result-centered criteria of definition of curricula content.