bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of storage temperature and low‐temperature conditioning on the levels of health‐promoting compounds in Rio Red grapefruit
Authors: Chaudhary Priyanka R. , Yu Xiang , Jayaprakasha Guddadarangavvanahally K. , Patil Bhimanagouda S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCommercial operations use low‐temperature conditioning of citrus fruits to reduce the incidence of chilling injury (CI) during cold storage and quarantine treatments. Rio Red grapefruits (Citrus paradisi Macf) were stored for 12 weeks at 11°C or 5°C; an additional set was temperature conditioned at 16°C for 7 days before storing at 5°C (CD). Every 3 weeks, samples were assessed for chilling injury (CI) and health‐promoting compounds such as ascorbic acid, carotenoids, limonoids, flavonoids, and furocoumarins. Low‐temperature conditioning significantly reduced CI but did not affect the total soluble solids, acidity, and ripening ratio. After 12 weeks of storage, grapefruits showed no significant differences in lycopene, narirutin, poncirin, furocoumarins, and radical scavenging activity in all the three treatments. Limonin was significantly higher (p < .05) in CD fruits, nomilin was significantly higher in fruits stored at 11°C, whereas fruits stored at 5°C had lower levels of naringin, neohesperidin, and didymin after 12 weeks of storage. Low‐temperature conditioning treatment helped fruits to retain similar or higher levels of most of the health‐promoting compounds by the end of storage period while maintaining better quality than the nonconditioned fruits.
Impact of Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee on riparian zone hydrology and biogeochemistry
Authors: Vidon Philippe , Marchese Sara , Rook Stephen 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAlthough riparian zones are well known to reduce nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) runoff to streams, they also have the potential to affect greenhouse gas (CO2, N2O, and CH4) fluxes to the atmosphere. Following large storms, soil biogeochemical conditions often become more reduced, especially in oxbow depressions and side channels, which can lead to hot moments of greenhouse gas production. Here, we investigate the impact of the remnants of Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee on riparian zone hydrology (water table: WT), and biogeochemistry (oxidation‐reduction potential [ORP], dissolved oxygen [DO], NO3−, PO43−, CO2, N2O, CH4). Results indicate that large storms have the potential to reset WT levels for weeks to months. Overbank flooding at our site following Irene and Lee led to the infiltration of well‐oxygenated water at depth (higher DO and ORP) while promoting the development of anoxic conditions within soil aggregates near the soil surface (increased N2O and CH4 fluxes). A short‐term increase in CO2 emission was observed following Irene at our site where aerobic respiration was water‐limited. Over a 2‐year period, an oxbow depression exhibited higher WT, higher N2O and CH4 fluxes (hot moment), higher CO2 fluxes (seasonal), and lower NO3− concentrations (seasonal) than the rest of the riparian zone. However, neither Irene, nor Lee, nor the oxbow depression significantly impacted PO43−. Dissolved organic carbon, ORP, and DO data illustrate the time‐lag (>20 years) between the creation of an oxbow depression and the development of reducing conditions despite clear differences in riparian zone and oxbow WT dynamics.
Effect of fluid dynamic conditions on 2,3‐butanediol production by Raoultella terrigena in SBTR: oxygen transfer and uptake rates
Authors: Rodriguez Alberto , Ripoll Vanessa , Santos Victoria E , Gomez Emilio , Garcia‐Ochoa Felix 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe fluid dynamic conditions play a key role in the development and scaling‐up of bioprocesses. In aerobic cultures, oxygen is an essential substrate for microbial growth, production and culture maintenance; an effective gas–liquid transfer must be achieved. Changes in fluid dynamics due to stirrer speed can affect the culture negatively, causing hydrodynamic stress (increasing shear stress) or oxidative stress (by an increase of available oxygen in the liquid phase).RESULTSUnder oxygen‐limiting conditions, specific growth rate increases with stirrer speed, and several fermentation products were specifically released to the culture medium. 2,3‐butanediol production increased with stirrer speed, reaching a maximum at 400 rpm. When the agitation was increased over 550 rpm, the metabolic flux was mainly routed to increase the cell growth. Negative effects of fluid dynamic conditions on biomass production were observed at 1900 and 2000 rpm. Cellular response to shear stress conditions was also shown in the large increase of the broth viscosity over time.CONCLUSIONSRaoultella terrigena is able to adapt the carbon metabolic flux to the availability of oxygen, producing fermentation products, alcohols or directing microbial growth. Moreover, cells can withstand aggressive agitation conditions (up to 1600 rpm). © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Are routine ultrasound examinations helpful in the detection of bleeding complications following laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair?
Authors: Pochhammer Julius , Lang Stefanie , Scuffi Bettina , Schäffer Michael , Smaxwil Constantin A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTPurposeIntraabdominal bleeding is a dreaded complication after laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repairs. Routine postoperative sonographic (US) examination and hemoglobin measurement have been suggested to identify bleeding after surgery. We retrospectively assessed the value of these tests.MethodsA total of 995 consecutive patients admitted for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair to a single teaching hospital were analyzed. US examinations were performed postoperatively on the operative day to identify intraabdominal bleeding. In addition, hemoglobin measurements were obtained on the first postoperative day.ResultsPostoperative US examinations were performed on 971 patients (97.6%). Of these, 945 were examined within 24 hours of surgery. Reoperation was necessary in 1.1% (11/995) of the patients because of a persistent seroma in five cases, intraabdominal or inguinal bleeding or hematomas in five cases, and a trocar hernia in one case. In none of the 11 patients requiring reoperation did US examination or hemoglobin measurement indicate acute bleeding or hematoma.ConclusionsRoutine postoperative US examination and hemoglobin measurement within the first 24 hours of surgery are not suitable for identifying patients with intraabdominal bleeding who require a reoperation. Instead, US examination and hemoglobin measurement should be part of the patient workup when there is a clinical suspicion of a postoperative complication. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:145–149, 2017
Secretory glands and microvascular systems imaged in aqueous solution by atmospheric scanning electron microscopy (ASEM)
Authors: Yamazawa Toshiko , Nakamura Naotoshi , Sato Mari , Sato Chikara 
Published: October 2016

AbstractExocrine glands, e.g., salivary and pancreatic glands, play an important role in digestive enzyme secretion, while endocrine glands, e.g., pancreatic islets, secrete hormones that regulate blood glucose levels. The dysfunction of these secretory organs immediately leads to various diseases, such as diabetes or Sjögren's syndrome, by poorly understood mechanisms. Gland‐related diseases have been studied by optical microscopy (OM), and at higher resolution by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of Epon embedded samples, which necessitates hydrophobic sample pretreatment. Here, we report the direct observation of tissue in aqueous solution by atmospheric scanning electron microscopy (ASEM). Salivary glands, lacrimal glands, and pancreas were fixed, sectioned into slabs, stained with phosphotungstic acid (PTA), and inspected in radical scavenger d‐glucose solution from below by an inverted scanning electron microscopy (SEM), guided by optical microscopy from above to target the tissue substructures. A 2‐ to 3‐µm specimen thickness was visualized by the SEM. In secretory cells, cytoplasmic vesicles and other organelles were clearly imaged at high resolution, and the former could be classified according to the degree of PTA staining. In islets of Langerhans, the microvascular system used as an outlet by the secretory cells was also clearly observed. Microvascular system is also critically involved in the onset of diabetic complications and was clearly visible in subcutaneous tissue imaged by ASEM. The results suggest the use of in‐solution ASEM for histology and to study vesicle secretion systems. Further, the high‐throughput of ASEM makes it a potential tool for the diagnosis of exocrine and endocrine‐related diseases.
Evaluation of Staphylococcus aureus DNA aptamer by enzyme‐linked aptamer assay and isothermal titration calorimetry
Authors: Bayraç Ceren , Öktem Hüseyin Avni 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTo monitor the specificity of Staphylococcus aureus aptamer (SA‐31) against its target cell, we used enzyme‐linked aptamer assay. In the presence of target cell, horseradish peroxidase–conjugated streptavidin bound to biotin‐labeled SA‐31 showed specific binding to S aureus among 3 different bacteria with limit of detection of 103 colony‐forming unit per milliliter. The apparent Ka was 1.39 μM−1 ± 0.3 μM−1. The binding of SA‐31 to membrane proteins extracted from cell surface was characterized using isothermal titration calorimetry, and the effect of changes in binding temperature and salt concentrations of binding buffer was evaluated based on thermodynamic parameters (Ka, ΔH, and ΔG). Since binding of aptamer to its targets solely depends on its 3‐dimensional structure under experimental conditions used in selection process, the change in temperature and ion concentration changed the affinity of SA‐31 to its target on surface of bacteria. At 4°C, SA‐31 did not show an affinity to its target with poor heat change upon injection of membrane fraction to aptamer solution. However, the apparent association constants of SA‐31 slightly varied from Ka = 1.56 μM−1 ± 0.69 μM−1 at 25°C to Ka = 1.03 μM−1 ± 0.9 μM−1 at 37°C. At spontaneously occurring exothermic binding reactions, affinities of S aureus aptamer to its target were also 9.44 μM−1 ± 0.38 μM−1 at 50mM, 1.60 μM−1 ± 0.11 μM−1 at 137mM, and 3.28 μM−1 ± 0.46 μM−1 at 200 mM of salt concentration. In this study, it was demonstrated that enzyme‐linked aptamer assay and isothermal titration calorimetry were useful tools for studying the fundamental binding mechanism between a DNA aptamer and its target on the outer surface of S aureus.
RGD targeting of human ferritin iron oxide nanoparticles enhances in vivo MRI of vascular inflammation and angiogenesis in experimental carotid disease and abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Kitagawa Toshiro , Kosuge Hisanori , Uchida Masaki , Iida Yasunori , Dalman Ronald L. , Douglas Trevor , McConnell Michael V. 
Published: October 2016

PurposeTo evaluate Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD)‐conjugated human ferritin (HFn) iron oxide nanoparticles for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of vascular inflammation and angiogenesis in experimental carotid disease and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).Materials and MethodsHFn was genetically engineered to express the RGD peptide and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were chemically synthesized inside the engineered HFn (RGD‐HFn). Macrophage‐rich left carotid lesions were induced by ligation in FVB mice made hyperlipidemic and diabetic (n = 14), with the contralateral right carotid serving as control. Murine AAAs were created by continuous angiotensin II infusion in ApoE‐deficient mice (n = 12), while control mice underwent saline infusion (n = 8). All mice were imaged before and after intravenous injection with either RGD‐HFn‐Fe3O4 or HFn‐Fe3O4 using a gradient‐echo sequence on a whole‐body 3T clinical scanner, followed by histological analysis. The nanoparticle accumulation was assessed by the extent of
‐induced carotid lumen reduction (% lumen loss) or aortic
‐weighted signal intensity reduction (% SI [signal intensity] loss).ResultsRGD‐HFn‐Fe3O4 was taken up more than HFn‐Fe3O4 in both the ligated left carotid arteries (% lumen loss; 69 ± 9% vs. 36 ± 7%, P = 0.01) and AAAs (% SI loss; 47 ± 6% vs. 20 ± 5%, P = 0.01). The AAA % SI loss correlated positively with AAA size (r = 0.89, P < 0.001). Histology confirmed the greater accumulation and colocalization of RGD‐HFn‐Fe3O4 to both vascular macrophages and endothelial cells.ConclusionRGD‐HFn‐Fe3O4 enhances in vivo MRI by targeting both vascular inflammation and angiogenesis, and provides a promising translatable MRI approach to detect high‐risk atherosclerotic and aneurysmal vascular diseases.Level of Evidence: 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:1144–1153
T(Rho) and magnetization transfer and INvErsion recovery (TRAMINER)‐prepared imaging: A novel contrast‐enhanced flow‐independent dark‐blood technique for the evaluation of myocardial late gadolinium enhancement in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Muscogiuri Giuseppe , Rehwald Wolfgang G. , Schoepf U. Joseph , Suranyi Pal , Litwin Sheldon E. , De Cecco Carlo N. , Wichmann Julian L. , Mangold Stefanie , Caruso Damiano , Fuller Stephen R. , Bayer 2nd Richard R. , Varga‐Szemes Akos 
Published: October 2016

PurposeTo evaluate a new dark‐blood late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) technique called “T(Rho) And Magnetization transfer and INvErsion Recovery” (TRAMINER) for the ability to detect myocardial LGE versus standard “bright‐blood” inversion recovery (SIR) imaging.Materials and MethodsThis Institutional Review Board (IRB)‐approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)‐compliant prospective study included 40 patients (62 ± 14 years [mean ± standard deviation (SD)], 29 males) with suspected myocardial infarction (MI) referred for the assessment of myocardial viability. The patients underwent a 1.5T cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including postcontrast SIR and TRAMINER acquisitions. Normalized images were evaluated by two readers. Subjective (3‐point Likert scale) and objective image qualities were compared using Mann–Whitney U‐test and paired t‐test, respectively. Interobserver agreement, LGE detection rate, and level of certainty were compared using Cohen's kappa, Wilcoxon‐test, and Mann–Whitney U‐test, respectively. Results are reported as mean ± SD or mean [95% confidence interval].ResultsOverall, image quality was rated similar between TRAMINER and SIR; however, TRAMINER performed better on a visual assessment of the ability to differentiate LGE from blood (Likert scale: 3.0 [3.0–3.0] vs. 2.0 [1.7–2.2], P < 0.0001). TRAMINER provided significantly higher signal intensity range (69.8 ± 10.2 vs. 9.6 ± 7.6, P < 0.0001) and a 4‐fold higher signal intensity ratio (4.2 ± 1.9 vs. 1.1 ± 0.1, P < 0.0001) between LGE and blood signals. TRAMINER detected more patients (19/40 vs. 17/40) and segments (91/649 vs. 79/649) with LGE with higher level of certainty (2.9 [2.8–3.0] vs. 2.7 [2.5–2.8], P = 0.0185). Interobserver agreement was good to excellent for LGE detection.ConclusionTRAMINER provides better contrast between LGE and blood and consequently may have increased ability to discriminate thin subendocardial and papillary muscle enhancement from the blood signal, which can have an indistinct appearance using SIR.Level of Evidence: 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1429–1437
Role of pharmacists in the application of the transtheoretical model approach to enhance medication adherence in chronic diseases
Authors: Arafat Yara , Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Izham , Awaisu Ahmed 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAdherence to prescribed medications is one of the most important aspects contributing to successful treatment. Medication adherence through self‐management of chronic diseases is thought to be necessary to achieve improvements in quality of life for patients. Many models and interventions have been tested to enhance self‐management, but to date none have been convincingly successful. The challenges inherent to disease self‐management are fundamentally socio‐behavioural issues, and the use of a model such as the transtheoretical model (TTM) has potential to be of assistance. Described here is a brief summary of a systematic review that was conducted to assess the potential for the use of the TTM in improving disease self‐management activities for patients with chronic diseases, particularly type 2 diabetic patients. Seven studies describing the effect of the TTM on different aspects of medication adherence were reviewed. All the studies reviewed suggest that a TTM approach can help patients with chronic diseases change their behaviour to incorporate more desirable characteristics that will help them manage chronic conditions. However, at present there are still not enough studies to definitively determine whether pharmacists could practically use the TTM to enhance medication adherence.
Effective fluorescence‐guided surgery of liver metastasis using a fluorescent anti‐CEA antibody
Authors: Hiroshima Yukihiko , Lwin Thinzar M. , Murakami Takashi , Mawy Ali A. , Kuniya Tanaka , Chishima Takashi , Endo Itaru , Clary Bryan M. , Hoffman Robert M. , Bouvet Michael 
Published: October 2016

Background and ObjectivesDelineation of adequate tumor margins is critical in oncologic surgery, particularly in resection of metastatic lesions. Surgeons are limited in visualization with bright‐light surgery, but fluorescence‐guided surgery (FGS) has been efficacious in helping the surgeon achieve negative margins.MethodsThe present study uses FGS in a mouse model that has undergone surgical orthotopic implantation (SOI) of colorectal liver metastasis tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP). An anti‐CEA antibody conjugated to DyLight 650 was used to highlight the tumor.ResultsThe fluorescent antibody clearly demarcated the lesion at deeper tissue depth compared to GFP. Fluorescence of the anti‐CEA‐DyLight650 showed maximal tumor‐to‐liver contrast at 72 hr. Fifteen mice underwent bright‐light surgery (BLS) versus FGS with GFP versus FGS with anti‐CEA‐DyLight650. Mice that underwent FGS had a significantly smaller area of residual tumor (P < 0.001) and significantly longer overall survival (P < 0.001) and disease‐free survival (P < 0.001). Within the two FGS groups, mice undergoing surgery with anti‐CEA‐DyLight650 improved survival compared to only GFP labeling.ConclusionsIn the present report, we demonstrate that an anti‐CEA antibody conjugated to a DyLight 650 nm dye clearly labeled colon cancer liver metastases, thereby enabling successful FGS. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:951–958. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fast diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) with Inherent COrrelation‐based Normalization (ICON) enhances automatic segmentation of heterogeneous diffusion MRI lesion in acute stroke
Authors: Zhou Iris Yuwen , Guo Yingkun , Igarashi Takahiro , Wang Yu , Mandeville Emiri , Chan Suk‐Tak , Wen Lingyi , Vangel Mark , Lo Eng H. , Ji Xunming , Sun Phillip Zhe 
Published: October 2016

Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) has been shown to augment diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) for the definition of irreversible ischemic injury. However, the complexity of cerebral structure/composition makes the kurtosis map heterogeneous, limiting the specificity of kurtosis hyperintensity to acute ischemia. We propose an Inherent COrrelation‐based Normalization (ICON) analysis to suppress the intrinsic kurtosis heterogeneity for improved characterization of heterogeneous ischemic tissue injury. Fast DKI and relaxation measurements were performed on normal (n = 10) and stroke rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) (n = 20). We evaluated the correlations between mean kurtosis (MK), mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) derived from the fast DKI sequence and relaxation rates R1 and R2, and found a highly significant correlation between MK and R1 (p < 0.001). We showed that ICON analysis suppressed the intrinsic kurtosis heterogeneity in normal cerebral tissue, enabling automated tissue segmentation in an animal stroke model. We found significantly different kurtosis and diffusivity lesion volumes: 147 ± 59 and 180 ± 66 mm3, respectively (p = 0.003, paired t‐test). The ratio of kurtosis to diffusivity lesion volume was 84% ± 19% (p < 0.001, one‐sample t‐test). We found that relaxation‐normalized MK (RNMK), but not MD, values were significantly different between kurtosis and diffusivity lesions (p < 0.001, analysis of variance). Our study showed that fast DKI with ICON analysis provides a promising means of demarcation of heterogeneous DWI stroke lesions.
Goal Attainment Scaling in Individuals with Upper Limb Spasticity Post Stroke
Authors: Eftekhar Parvin , Mochizuki George , Dutta Tilak , Richardson Denyse , Brooks Dina 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFocusing on rehabilitation goals is an effective approach for improving function in individuals with spasticity after stroke. The objectives of this study were to examine and map goals of post‐stroke individuals with spasticity using the Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) and International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), and to evaluate the impact of botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) on occupational performance based on the type of rehabilitation goals. Thirty‐one patients were recruited from an outpatient spasticity management clinic. Each patient set one goal, was injected with BoNTA in their spastic upper limb muscles and received standard rehabilitation services twice a week for four weeks. Twenty‐seven participants achieved the expected level, and four exceeded the expected level of their rehabilitation goals. Fifty‐five percent of the goals were related to Activity/Participation, and 45% of the goals were categorized in the Body Structures and Function domain of the ICF. Fifteen goals focused on positioning, while 16 goals focused on (independent) activities of daily living (ADL/IADL). Both the positioning and ADL/IADL groups experienced a reduction in MAS following the administration of BoNTA. The positioning group was older and more impaired. Mapping goals to ICF identifies specific targets for intervention, establishes a common language within the interdisciplinary team and contextualizes the ways disability impacts goals. This study is limited by a relatively small sample size and absence of a functional measure. Further studies can explore the development of goal/item banks to advance the use of GAS for spasticity management. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.