bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study of Some Microbial and Chemical Contaminants in Packaged Mortadella Available in the Local Markets
Authors: Al –Musawi Adil Turki , Mohammed Sudad Jasim , Al -Fraji Aliaa Saadoon 
Published: October 2024

Meat is one of the important sources of protein, as it is one of the basic nutrients that the body needs, and a lack of protein in the body can lead to malnutrition. Despite the importance of meat, it is also necessary to conduct studies to identify its contents of pollutants, whether microbial or chemical, to ensure safety In general, foodborne diseases are a major health problem facing not only the patient at risk, but also physicians, epidemiologists, food inspectors and laboratory microbiologists. The researchers studied the quality of imported beef mortadella rolls by collecting ten samples from local markets in The city of Baghdad and analyzed it microbiologically, and found that the levels of the total number of aerobic bacteria for samples of imported beef mortadella roll ranged between (1× 102-2.5× 106) CFU/g, while the level of the total number of coliform bacteria in the study samples was (1×101- 5× 104) CFU/g ,the levels of numbers of Staphylococcus spp. bacteria ranged from (1× 101 - 2.4× 103) CFU/g,some study samples varied in the total count of yeasts and molds (1× 102- 2.5× 103) CFU/g ,with significant differences P≤0.05, and all study samples were empty from Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O104:H4, the results of this study showed the presence of metals Lead, Pb, and Cadmium, Cd, in all tested samples, at varying concentrations. The highest concentration of Lead was 0.0624 mg/kg and the lowest was 0.0371 mg/kg with significant differences P≤0.05, while the lowest concentration of Cadmium was 0.0102 mg/kg and the highest concentration of the same element was 0.0189 mg/kg.
The Impact of The Preventive Role of Star Anise on The Toxicity of Benzopyrene Compound in The Liver and Kidney Tissues and Biochemical Parameters in Male Rats
Authors: Saleh Eman Naji , Saeed Iktefa Abdul Hamid Mohammed , Latef Nedhal ibrahim 
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study, conducted at the University of Anbar's College of Pure Science, evaluated the protective effects of star anise against benzopyrene (B[a]P)-induced liver and kidney damage in 30 male white Swiss rats (Sprague Dawley), aged 3-4 months and weighing between 170-210 g. Materials and methods: The rats were divided into six groups: Control (G1), B[a]P (G2), Star Anise 125 mg/kg bw (G3), Star Anise 120 mg/kg bw + B[a]P (G4), Star Anise 125 mg/kg bw + B[a]P (G5), and Star Anise 130 mg/kg bw + B[a]P (G6). Results:Biochemical analyses showed that B[a]P exposure significantly elevated liver enzymes (ALP, AST, ALT, GGT) and kidney markers (uric acid, creatinine), indicating hepatic and renal damage. Treatment with star anise, especially 130 mg/kg bw significantly reversed these elevated levels because it protected against the injury. Histopathology showed that the liver and kidney were severely damaged in the B[a]P group and in the star-anise-treated group, normal tissue architecture was well preserved only in high doses of star anise treatment. Conclusion:These outcomes suggest the use of star anise as a hepatoprotective as well as a nephroprotective agent, and this needs to be further strengthened by understanding its mechanisms and long-term effectiveness.
The Influence of Metformin Versus Metformin and Myoinositol Combination on ‎Inflammatory Indicators In Iraqi Females With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Kurbat Noor Fadhel , Swadi Asma A. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the greatest mutual hormonal imbalance illness in females of childbearing age. In modern years, trainings have shown that inflammatory progressions stay complicated in ovulation and production a key character in ovarian follicular dynamics. Insulin sensitizers for instance myo-inositol and metformin are probable management selections for PCOS. Objective: evaluate the properties of combined metformin and ‎myoinositol against metformin alone on inflammatory markers (hs-CRP and ‎IL-18) in PCOS women. Methods: The patients' PCOS diagnosis was made using the Rotterdam criteria. Two groups of patients were identified: group MI+M received myo-inositol and metformin, and group M received metformin. Biochemical assessment, patient compliance, and reported adverse effects were among the examinations conducted at baseline and three months later. ‏. Results: The mean hs-CRP and IL-18 of the combination ‎and metformin groups before and after treatment are shown at baseline. After ‎treatment, the combination caused in a more important decrease in mean ‎hs-CRP and IL-18 than metformin.‎ Conclusion: This training unequivocally demonstrates the role myoinositol and metformin have in reducing inflammatory markers.Key: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Myoinositol, c-reactive protein, interleukin 18.
A Study of the Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Low Back Pain at a Single Center in Baghdad
Authors: Salman Khadija kamil , Hafidh Ali Hussein Al , M.A Shatha_Ahmed 
Published: October 2024

Background: Low back pain is a prevalent and consequential problem in contemporary culture. In the early phases of their careers, many athletes who train particularly hard have considerable low back difficulties Aims of study is to enhance understanding and guide best management practices for those with or at risk of low back pain and to identify diverse aspects of clinical and epidemiological factors in Iraqis for low back pain. Patients and methods: A cohort of 440 individuals diagnosed with Low back pain (LBP) from the rheumatology department at Baghdad Teaching Hospital-Medical City in Baghdad province were involved in the current cross-sectional investigation. The sample consisted of 180 men and 260 women, with an average age of 45.7±14.8 years. The research was carried out from 12/October/2023 to 12 /March/2024. Results: All individuals in this study had LBP. The means age was 45 for the group of patients under consideration. 7 ± 14. 8 years. LBP had the highest incidence in the middle-aged (40-59 years 23%) and the lowest was recorded for the aged above 70 years (7. 5%). Females accounted for 59. 1% of the participants. Most of them; a percentage equivalent to 75. 5% were married. Approximately a third or 30% were employed while, 70.9% of the respondents were jobless. 6 % were overweight people and 77 % were non smokers in the study group. The mean age at the first complaint, visit and diagnosis of the disease were 43. 0 ± 14. 0 years (range: 11–75), 43. 3 ± 14. 2 years (range: McGregor observed that 11% to 78% of patients had some degree of in Continuation of Disturbances: Symptoms, defective vision, and 43. 5 ± 14. 2 years (range: 14–78),respectively. Intervertebral disc prolapse was the most frequent diagnosis among the patients with LBP (49. 8%), while infections were the least frequent (0. 2%). In the following aspects of the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Scores, majority participated as follows; 44. 3% with fairly severe pain intensity, 42% who require some help with personal care but mostly manage with it, 39. 5% who lift heavy weights but manage light to medium weights, 34. 1% who are prevented from walking more than 100 yards by their pain, 37. 5 The Analyzed Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Score mean was 22. 22 ± 7. 26. Conclusion: LPB has a higher frequency among the female population
Hydroxychloroquine-Mediated Autophagy Inhibition Shifts Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Toward Immunogenic Phenotype In Vitro
Authors: Alsaeedi Dhulfiqar , Bonyadi Mortaza , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: October 2024

Dendritic cells (DCs) are recognized as the most potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and act as intermediaries between the innate and adaptive immune systems. The maturation and function of DCs are significantly influenced by autophagy. Hence, the current research evaluated the effect of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an autophagy inhibitor, on the maturation and activation of monocyte-derived DCs. Monocytes were cultured and induced to differentiate into monocyte-derived DCs by the addition of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokines. After five days, the immature DCs were exposed to HCQ and Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), followed by a 24-hour incubation period. On the sixth day, the flow cytometry technique was employed to assess the impact of HCQ on the phenotypic characteristics of the DCs. Finally, the expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory genes in the HCQ-treated and untreated DCs groups was examined using the real-time PCR method. DCs that were subjected to treatment with HCQ exhibited a notable augmentation in the expression of CD11c, CD86, and HLA-DR, which are markers associated with maturation and antigen presentation. Furthermore, the DCs treated with HCQ demonstrated a significant reduction in the expression of IL-10, TGF-β, and IDO genes, while displaying an increase in the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 when compared to the control group. These findings indicate that targeting autophagy can induce a shift in DCs towards an immunogenic state. However, further investigations are necessary to assess the impact of HCQ-treated DCs on T cell responses both in vitro and in vivo in tumor-bearing animal models.
Experimental and DFT Study of Structural And Electronic Properties of Polyfuran@nanoCuO Hybrid Polymer
Authors: AL-Bawi Zainab Fadhil Jawad , Al-Morshidy Kassim Abdulla Hamza , Hussian Raflaa SH 
Published: October 2024

Background: Leishmania donovani is a form of internal parasite that belongs to the genus Leishmania and is the type of hemo-flagellate kinetoplastid that causes leishmaniasis. Objective: the present study investigated the effects of inoculation with L. donovani on the morphology of the ileum in mice. Methods: BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with L.donovani(3 animals/ 4group). After 1,2,3 month, the ilea were collected and histologically processed. CONCLUSIONS: Donovani Is Induced Histological Change In Ileum Section After The First Month Infection.
Risk Factors Associated With COVID-19 Infection Among Schools’ Children in Basrah City / Iraq
Authors: Al-Dalfi Mortadha Hameed Kreeb , Al. Ibraheem Shrouk Abdulrazak Hassan 
Published: October 2024

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has been the most important global issue since December 2019. has led to overloading of health systems all over the world. Objective: The study aims to identify the risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection among schools’ children in Basrah city / Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out by using a pre-tested applied structured questionnaire among 1980 children. This sample was distributed throughout fifteen schools were selected using simple random sampling techniques. Finally, a simple random sampling method was used to select study participants. conducted from March1st, 2022, to May 1st, 2024. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the data collection and analysis process. Results: The findings showed the distribution of participants according to Corona infection: The children included in the study suffered from Corona infection at a rate of 27.2%. 60.3% do not have Corona infection, and 12.5% answered “possibly infection.” The children at risk of contracting Corona infection were under 18 years of age and had middle school as an educational level respectively, 81.9% and 51.8%. They suffered from chronic diseases and also suffered from an allergy to the vaccine: 34.8% and 27%. They received the Corona vaccine type Pfizer, respectively, 37.9% and 36.3%. They had symptoms similar to the disease when taking the vaccine, 22.6%, and they used sterilization to sterilize hands, 42.8%. Also, 31.1% of them always avoid touching their noses and eyes with unwashed hands, 27.8% always maintain a social distance of no less than two meters, and 45.8% avoid shaking hands, hugging, and kissing during greetings. Conclusions: This study concludes that among the risk factors studied, there was a relationship between these factors and the Corona infection in children.
Determined Transglutaminase 1 Activity in Blood Serum for Brain Cancer Patients and Healthy People
Authors: Ibrahim Ahlam Saeed , Rashed Sukayna Hussain 
Published: October 2024

Cancer is defined as a group of abnormal cells that grow and spread unusually, and sometimes their proliferation cannot be controlled. These tumours are usually called cancer. Cancer may affect damaged parts of the body, including the brain. This study focused on the activity of transglutaminase 1 enzyme in the blood serum of brain cancer patients and then compared it with the control group. The study also included the effect of age, gender, body mass index, and glucose on the transglutaminase 1 enzyme in the blood serum of patients with brain cancer. The study sample consisted of 45 samples of brain cancer patients, (45) samples as a control group. The results of this study showed a significant decrease in the activity of transglutaminase 1 in brain cancer patients (902.66 ± 14.27 ng/L) compared to the control group (1594.66 ± 32.95 ng/L). Gender and age also impact the enzyme; in the control group only, males had lower enzyme activity than females, and the enzyme's activity decreased with age in both groups (brain cancer patients and controls). The findings also demonstrate that there was a discernible difference in the serum glucose concentration of brain cancer patients when compared to the control group, although it was still within normal allowable limits, and that there was a decrease in the enzyme's activity with an increase in body mass index values in both the patient and control groups. The investigation of transglutaminase 1 is a useful marker for identifying brain cancer and can be utilized in early diagnosis.
The rhetorical dimension of the sanctity of the Hijab in ancient Iraqi art
Authors: Hasani Juhaina Hamid , Ibrahim Sameer Hadi , Barekar Sheetal Sachin , Dari Sukhvinder Singh , Dhabliya Dharmesh , Patil Mukesh 
Published: October 2024

We all know for certain that the hijab plays a role in preserving the safety of society and its correct growth. Through this study, we tried to explain the concept of the hijab in its legitimate form, as in the first chapter, and openness through pictorial metaphors that embodied diverse rhetorical dimensions that did not undermine the legitimate concepts through the civilization of ancient Iraq, as in the second chapter, and then confirming the study of the sanctity of the hijab and its need, as in the third chapter. One of the results of this study was to stand on the statement of the need for the hijab and its authenticity, and that the civilization of ancient Iraq accompanied the functions of the sanctity of the hijab in a simulated and non-simulated way that found its openness translated towards the concepts of (power, law, protection, positivity, health, goodness, etc.). Recommendations were presented, the most important of which were: It is necessary to intensify such studies that touch on the connections of social reality and its civilizational and legal dimensions, which contributes to the current generation’s understanding of the concept of images of laws of life systems that have become almost present, if not missing, which led to the emergence of distorted pictorial alternatives drifting towards the common collapse. Here lies the importance of the study in serving the community as well as students, researchers, institutions, and specialized cultural and artistic clubs, and answering the following research problem question: What is the rhetorical dimension of the sanctity of the hijab in ancient Iraqi art?.
An Artificial Intelligence-Based Platform for Medical Diagnosis
Authors: Alharbi Dr. Saud Salman 
Published: October 2024

Medical diagnosis using artificial intelligence models uses methods of information collection via the Internet of Things (IoT) for the categorization of diseases. This may be attributed to a number different issues, such as inefficient auxiliary frameworks, high expenses associated with acquiring datasets, or difficulties encountered while constructing classifiers. The present paper analyses the recent developments in AI for medical diagnosis. The research uses a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) to categorise medical conditions. In this paper, a model for categorising medical diagnosis has been introduced by making it easier for the network to adapt to new medical data. This article estimates the degree to which the classification falls into the right medical diagnosis category and separates the training sample into normal, critical, and suggestion samples using a dynamic threshold to solve the diagnostic issue. The recommended strategy categorises input to help the convolutional neural network learn more. This research modifies the convolutional neural network design to accommodate for input variety and data evolution temporal dynamics. This adjustment is made with the goal of achieving the five physiological data properties of bio signals (heart rate, blood pressure, EEG, ECG, and oxygen level). Because of the realised CNN optimisation algorithm model, the prediction effect has been increased, and the accuracy rate has been found to be 92.8% in medical diagnosis, which is a reasonably good performance in machine learning algorithms.
Thermodynamics and Kinetic Study for Removal of Orange-G Dye from Aqueous Solution by Nano Composite
Authors: AL-Niaimi Amir. F. Dawood , Kailan Reem Marwan 
Published: October 2024

In this study, where graphene oxide was prepared by Hummer method, while copper oxide was prepared in the green way using (capparies spinosa) plant extract as a reducing agent, these oxides were diagnosed as well as the binary nanocomposite by several techniques including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-rays diffraction , and field Emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), after that the superimposed (GO/CuO) was used to adsorbent the orange G dye ( Orange - G) from its aqueous solutions, A number of factors affecting adsorption were studied (equilibrium time, surface weight, pH, concentration effect, temperature). The results showed that the ideal time for adsorption of the orange dye (orange-G) on the surface of the nanocomposite (GO/CuO) was (30min), the best ideal weight for dye removal was (0.05gm), the best concentration was (20ppm), and the best acid function was (pH=2). After that, the adsorption kinetics were also studied by applying the pseudo first and second order of adsorption. The results showed that the adsorption process follows the false second-order kinetics. The thermodynamic functions of the removal process were also studied, and it was found that the value of (DH) is negative for the surface of the composite (GO/CuO) with dye. Meaning the adsorption process is exothermic, and that the DG0 has negative value, meaning that the adsorption processes occur spontaneously. positive DS0 values indicate that the molecules are becoming less bound
A Study of The Work of The Flap Plow in Silty Loam Soil (Mould Board Plow)
Authors: Almmayyahia Asaad Kh. , AL-MAIDI A.A.H. , Ezzyc Mohanad S. Al , Majeed Mohammed Sabeeh 
Published: October 2024

This study was carried out in one of the agricultural fields affiliated to the University of Basra in the year 2022, where the study included the use of the tractor type (Massey Ferguson MF 375) with the rotary cultivator at different speeds, as well as the use of different depths to study the effect of this on silty clay soils. In this experiment, the effect of two factors was studied. They are the plowing depths (0.13, 0.185, 0.235 m) and the plowing speed of the tractor with the tipper plow, which ranged from (0.977, 1.347, 1.805 m/sec) in the studied technical indicators, which included practical productivity, the real efficiency of the symptoms, soil resistance to penetration, and the percentage of slip. The research was carried out according to the randomized complete block design and with four replications using the practical experiment method, where the statistical results and differences tests were analyzed in a manner with the least significant difference at the level of (0.05). To the decrease in the practical productivity and field efficiency of the plows with an increase in soil resistance to penetration and the percentage of slippage, and the plowing depth exceeded 0.15 meters over the plowing depths (0.235, 0.185) meters in achieving the highest rate of practical productivity with the highest field efficiency of the plow, as well as achieving the lowest soil resistance rate For penetration with the lowest anti-overturning ratio, while increasing the practical speed of the plow from 0.997 to 1.347 m/sec and then to 1.805 m/ sec led to an increase in practical productivity with a decrease in the field efficiency of the plow as well as an increase in soil resistance to penetration with an increase in the slip percentage.
Antifungal Properties of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Essential Oil Against Aspergillus Spp
Authors: Jawad.kadhim Kholoud , Hanawi Mohammed J. , Abbood Hsssein sattar , Hammadi Haider Abed 
Published: October 2024

Eucalyptus Essential oils has a variety of bioactivities as fungicidal, bactericidal, insecticidal and other therapeutic properties . This investigation was conducted to assess the antifungal properties of Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oil alone and in combination with clotrimazole against Aspergillus spp that isolated from patients. The in laboratory results appeared that the development of Aspergillus spp was discouraged by the essential oil at all tested concentration (100 , 50 and 25%) and the effect was increased with the increasing of concentration. The antifungal drugs clotrimazole , itraconzole and griseofulvin also affect the development of Aspergillus spp and the fungus A. fumigatus was less sensitive to essential oil and drugs than the other species of Aspergillus. The outcome shown that the combination of clotrimazol with essential oil was more effective than each one alone and the combination enhanced the antifungal activity with an additive interaction.
Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Late Preterm Neonates in Relation to Gestational Age and Maternal Psychosocial Factors in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Pallauh Gaayathri , Rangan Ramya Srinivasa , K Rangasamy , Bharat C. , Reddy Yettla Bala Mohan 
Published: October 2024

The relationship between maternal psychosocial factors and outcomes among LPN remains unexplored. Objectives: To determine the morbidity profile of LPN with respect to gestational age and study its association with maternal psychosocial, lifestyle and demographic factors. Methodology: Cross-sectional study on LPNs in a tertiary care centre over one year. Results: Total sample: 263. LPN incidence: 94/1000 live births; Maternal age 20-30 years (p=0.03), high screen time (p=0.02), Caesarean section (p=0.02), moderate Maternal Stress (MS) (p=0.014) was associated with (a/w) births at 35 0/6 to 6/7 weeks of gestation (WOG).Low Birth Weight (LBW) LPN: 66.5% incidence, highest at 35 0/6 to 6/7 WOG; a/w maternal age 20-30 (p=0.002), nulliparity (p=0.02), moderate to severe MS (p=0.012), and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) (p=0.04).Small for Gestational Age (SGA): 35%, peaking at 35 0/6 to 6/7 WOG; a/w nulliparity and severe MS. Sepsis 12.2%, highest at 34-35 0/6 to 6/7 WOG (p=0.001); a/w lower-middle socioeconomic status (p=0.05) and multiparity (p=0.02). Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) 5.3%, peaked at 34 0/6 to 6/7 WOG (p=0.044); a/w poor socioeconomic status (p= 0.00). Transient tachypnoea of Newborn (TTN) 49.4%, a/w nulliparity (p=0.02). Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NNH) 57.8%, peaking at 34-35 0/6 to 6/7 WOG (p=0.01); a/w nulliparity (p=0.03). Perinatal asphyxia (PA) 6.5%, highest at 35 WOG. Conclusion: NNH and TTN were common in LPN. 35 WOG related to various risk factors and morbidities. LPN born to mothers with moderate MS, PIH, nulliparity, and age 20-30 were LBW. Mother’s screen time > 4 hours/day a/w LPNs born at 35 WOG.