bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro Macro-qualitative Comparison of Three Enamel Stripping Procedures: What is the Best Shape We can get?
Authors: N Gholmieh Mona 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
Interdental stripping is a common clinical procedure in orthodontic therapy, by reshaping the proximal contacts. Handheld abrasive strips have been criticized as time-consuming process. Metallic strip system, diamond disk, or segment disks have become increasingly popular. The aim of this study is to evaluate the morphological aspects of remodeled dental surfaces so as to conclude which of the different techniques (disk, bur, or strip) used to reduce the mesiodistal diameter is the best to reproduce the initial contour of the proximal surface of the tooth.

Materials and methods
Seventy-nine pieces (“teeth”) were prepared from permanent healthy teeth (premolars and molars) extracted for orthodontic reasons. They were mounted on a stand resembling the position of the natural teeth in a mild crowded dentition. The “teeth” are divided into three groups as follows: group S (strip): 26 “teeth,” group D (disk): 25 “teeth,” group B (bur): 28 “teeth.” In order to study the changes, these prepared “teeth” are macro-photographed in groups of 5 before and after proximal grinding.

Results
The “teeth” contours have been identified using piecewise cubic Hermit polynomials. The change in the contour has been traduced in terms of the change of curvature in the “teeth” contours. We used the z-test in order to find the confidence interval for the proportion of the class “+” for each of the techniques B, S, and D. With confidence level of 95%, we obtained the following confidence intervals:
B = (0.6943; 0.9057); S = (0.9093; 1.0138); D = (0.6184; 0.8616)
These results can be interpreted, as the technique S is significantly much better than the other two techniques if we aim at conserving the shape of the teeth before and after treatment.

Conclusion
We conclude that the use of a strip for remodeling the proximal surface of a tooth is an optimal technique to preserve the proximal shape of the tooth although it requires more time.

Clinical significance
The use of abrasive strip preserves the best shape of the proximal side. Abrasive strip could be the last step of any proximal reshaping technique.

How to cite this article
Nassif N, Gholmieh MN, Sfeir E, Mourad A. In vitro Macro-qualitative Comparison of Three Enamel Stripping Procedures: What is the Best Shape We can get? Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(4):358-362
Is Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Sufficient for Routine Dental Treatment in 4- to 6-year-old Children?
Authors: Ghanizadeh Milad , Pourkazemi Maryam , Sheykhgermchi Sanaz 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Pain control is one of the most important aspects of behavior management in children. The most common way to achieve pain control is by using local anesthetics (LA). Many studies describe that the buccal nerve innervates the buccal gingiva and mucosa of the mandible for a variable extent from the vicinity of the lower third molar to the lower canine. Regarding the importance of appropriate and complete LA in child-behavior control, in this study, we examined the frequency of buccal gingiva anesthesia of primary mandibular molars and canine after inferior alveolar nerve block injection in 4- to 6-year-old children.

Study design
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 220 4- to 6-year-old children were randomly selected and entered into the study. Inferior alveolar nerve block was injected with the same method and standards for all children, and after ensuring the success of block injection, anesthesia of buccal mucosa of primary molars and canine was examined by stick test and reaction of child using sound, eye, motor (SEM) scale. The data from the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.

Results
The area that was the highest nonanesthetized was recorded as in the distobuccal of the second primary molars. The area of the lowest nonanesthesia was also reported in the gingiva of primary canine tooth.

Conclusion
According to this study, in 15 to 30% of cases, after inferior alveolar nerve block injection, the primary mandibular molars' buccal mucosa is not anesthetized.

How to cite this article
Pourkazemi M, Erfanparast L, Sheykhgermchi S, Ghanizadeh M. Is Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Sufficient for Routine Dental Treatment in 4- to 6-year-old Children? Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(4):369-372.
Conscious Sedation with Nitrous Oxide to control Stress during Dental Treatment in Patients with Cerebral Palsy: An Experimental Clinical Trial
Authors: Baeder Fernando M , Silva Daniel F , de Albuquerque Ana CL , Santos Maria TBR 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) often present with oral alterations that impact oral health and require dental treatment.

Aim
This study aimed to evaluate the use of conscious sedation with nitrous oxide (N2O) to control stress during dental treatment in individuals with CP using as parameters: Venham score (VS), heart rate (HR), and respiratory rate (RR).

Materials and methods
A total of 77 CP patients >3 years of age with a mean age of 11.8 (± 6.4) years were evaluated in a rehabilitation center. Stress control was measured at the following time points: T1 (presedation), T2 (induction), T3 (sedated patient), and T4 (end). Student's t-test, the Chi-squared test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the McNemar test were used. The significance level was 5%.

Results
Sedation ranged between 10 and 60% N2O, with an average of 35.6% (± 10.4). The RR did not vary among the times (p = 0.12). The HR and VS varied significantly between times (p < 0.001), as significantly higher values of HR were observed at T1.

Conclusion
Conscious sedation with N2O during dental care controls stress in CP patients, as verified by a decrease in HR, and does not promote respiratory depression. Higher concentrations of N2O are recommended for CP patients with tachycardia.

Clinical significance
Sedation modifies behavior during dental procedures, facilitating patient collaboration.

How to cite this article
Baeder FM, Silva DF, de Albuquerque ACL, Santos MTBR. Conscious Sedation with Nitrous Oxide to control Stress during Dental Treatment in Patients with Cerebral Palsy: An Experimental Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(4):384-390.
Complete Overlay Denture for Pedodontic Patient with Severe Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Rupesh Suresh 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a hereditary condition that may affect both primary and permanent dentition and is characterized by abnormal dentin formation. The teeth may be discolored with chipping of enamel and, in untreated cases, the entire dentition may wear off to the gingiva. This may lead to the formation of abscesses, tooth mobility, and early loss of teeth. In the Indian population, DI is found to have an incidence of 0.09%. Treatment of DI should aim to remove infection, if any, from the oral cavity; restore form, function, and esthetics; and protect posterior teeth from wear for maintaining the occlusal vertical dimension. Treatment strategies should be selected based on the presenting complaint of the patient, patient's age, and severity of the problem. This case report presents the management of severe DI with tooth worn off until gingival level in a very young patient using complete overlay denture, which has not been reported earlier.

How to cite this article
Syriac G, Joseph E, Rupesh S, Mathew J. Complete Overlay Denture for Pedodontic Patient with Severe Dentinogenesis Imperfecta. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(4):394-398.
Acrylic Planas Direct Tracks for Anterior Crossbite Correction in Primary Dentition
Authors: Devasya Ashwin , Ramagoni Naveen K , Taranath Mahantesh , Prasad Kamavaram EV , Sarpangala Mythri 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTAnterior crossbite is one of the most common forms of malocclusion in sagittal relationship of maxilla and mandible. If not corrected at the earliest, it will cause restriction of normal growth and development of both the jaws. The incidence of anterior crossbite is 4 to 5% in primary dentition. Self-correction may occur at the transient dentition or permanent dentition stage, but treating it should be the first priority. Using either removable or fixed appliances is recommended for the correction, but it depends on the patient cooperation, treatment duration, and parent approval. In this case report, we have used planas direct tracks (PDTs) which helps the forward development of mandible and corrects the malocclusion. With two modifications to PDTs, one is using acrylic instead of composite. It is advantageous to both clinicians and parents by correcting the crossbite efficiently in short duration while taking less chair-side time for fabrication and being economical.How to cite this articleDevasya A, Ramagoni NK, Taranath M, Prasad KEV, Sarpangala M. Acrylic Planas Direct Tracks for Anterior Crossbite Correction in Primary Dentition. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(4):399-403.
Medico-ethnobotanical Claims used against Gastrointestinal Disorders by Different Tribes of Assam, India
Authors: Mehmud Selim , Baruah D , Bharali BK , Joseph GVR 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTAimThe present communication deals with some newly reported Medico-ethnobotanical claims used for the treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders like blood dysentery, chronic dysentery, diarrhea, and cholera by using medicinal plants documented during field survey since last 3 years.Materials and methodsField surveys were conducted in different locations of Assam where many folk healers were interviewed for documentation of Medico-ethnobotanical information. The reported plants are collected, identified, and specimens are preserved.ResultsNine different tribes and communities of Assam are newly recorded to use 30 medico-ethnobotanical claims for the concerned purpose, while use of similar claims is already reported elsewhere by other tribes of different regions; the other tribes using similar claim are highlighted. Out of total 47 medicinal plant specimens documented, 10 medicinal plants were recorded for 11 single formulations, 39 medicinal plants for 19 compound formulations, and among these 2 medicinal plants are repeated for both compound and single formulations.ConclusionEthnic societies are still depending upon the medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases including gastrointestinal disorders. Further scientific investigations are needed for validation of these folk claims.Clinical significanceCross-cultural study along with other tribes was done and highlighted against enumeration for further validation of folk claims.How to cite this articleBora D, Mehmud S, Baruah D, Bharali BK, Rath C, Mangal AK, Joseph GVR. Medico-ethnobotanical Claims used against Gastrointestinal Disorders by Different Tribes of Assam, India. J Drug Res Ayurvedic Sci 2017; 2(3):175-182.
Patient satisfaction and provider use of electronic communication: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Lee Joy L , Dy Sydney M. , Kravet Steven J. , Ashar Bimal H. , Nesson Todd , Wu Albert W. 
Published: December 2017

Background: The way patients and providers communicate with one another outside of the clinic is changing. However, little is known about primary care provider perspectives and experiences of these changes and whether these provider behaviors correlate with patient satisfaction. This study examines provider patterns of communication with patients outside of the clinic setting via cellphone, email and text messaging and the relationship between communication behaviors and patient satisfaction. Method: Cross-sectional analysis of the association between patient satisfaction scores and a 16-question community survey of 149 Mid-Atlantic primary care providers in community practice was conducted in the year prior to clinic implementation of a new electronic health record system with secure patient-messaging capabilities.Results: Providers who gave patients their email addresses were more likely to communicate with their patients electronically than those who did not. Providers who made their email addresses available to patients also had significantly higher overall satisfaction scores than those who did not, although there were no statistically significant differences in individual satisfaction domains. The use of these cellphone, email and text-messaging were also not found to be associated with patient satisfaction domains. Conclusions: Provider provision of their email addresses may be an indicator of a stronger relationship with certain patients. This study elucidates the relationship between provider communication behaviors and patient satisfaction. A better understanding of the role of the patient-provider relationship and its role in patient satisfaction may help practices and providers improve their patients’ experience of primary care.
Uniaxial Compressive Strengths of Rocks Drilled at Gale Crater, Mars
Authors: Peters G. H. , Carey E. M. , Anderson R. C. , Abbey W. J. , Kinnett R. , Watkins J. A. , Schemel M. , Lashore M. O. , Chasek M. D. , Green W. , Beegle L. W. , Vasavada A. R. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMeasuring the physical properties of geological materials is important for understanding geologic history. Yet there has never been an instrument with the purpose of measuring mechanical properties of rocks sent to another planet. The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover employs the Powder Acquisition Drill System (PADS), which provides direct mechanical interaction with Martian outcrops. While the objective of the drill system is not to make scientific measurements, the drill's performance is directly influenced by the mechanical properties of the rocks it drills into. We have developed a methodology that uses the drill to indicate the uniaxial compressive strengths of rocks through comparison with performance of an identically assembled drill system in terrestrial samples of comparable sedimentary class. During this investigation, we utilize engineering data collected on Mars to calculate the percussive energy needed to maintain a prescribed rate of penetration and correlate that to rock strength.
Topographic Beta Spiral and Onshore Intrusion of the Kuroshio Current
Authors: Yang De‐Zhou , Huang Rui Xin , Yin Bao‐shu , Feng Xing‐Ru , Chen Hai‐ying , Qi Ji‐Feng , Xu Ling‐jing , Shi Yun‐long , Cui Xuan , Gao Guan‐Dong , Benthuysen Jessica A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe Kuroshio intrusion plays a vitally important role in carrying nutrients to marginal seas. However, the key mechanism leading to the Kuroshio intrusion remains unclear. In this study we postulate a mechanism: when the Kuroshio runs onto steep topography northeast of Taiwan, the strong inertia gives rise to upwelling over topography, leading to a left‐hand spiral in the stratified ocean. This is called the topographic beta spiral, which is a major player regulating the Kuroshio intrusion; this spiral can be inferred from hydrographic surveys. In the world oceans, the topographic beta spirals can be induced by upwelling generated by strong currents running onto steep topography. This is a vital mechanism regulating onshore intruding flow and the cross‐shelf transport of energy and nutrients from the Kuroshio Current to the East China Sea. This topographic beta spiral reveals a long‐term missing link between the oceanic general circulation theory and shelf dynamic theory.
Multicenter Delphi Exercise to Identify Important Key Items for Classifying Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Schmajuk Gabriela , Hoyer Bimba F. , Aringer Martin , Johnson Sindhu R. , Daikh David I. , Dörner Thomas ,   the SLE classification criteria steering committee and the international SLE expert panel of the initiative
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveThe American College of Rheumatology and the European League Against Rheumatism embarked on a project to reevaluate classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The first phase of the classification project involved generation of a broad set of items potentially useful for classification of SLE and their selection for use in a subsequent forced‐choice decision analysis.MethodsA large international group of expert lupus clinicians was invited to participate in a 2‐step process to generate, rate, and select items based on their importance in diagnosing early and established SLE, via a web‐based survey.ResultsA total of 135 and 147 experts were invited to participate in the item‐generation and item‐reduction process, respectively. Of 145 items generated, item reduction resulted in 40 candidate items moving forward to the next phase. Key features for classifying both early and established SLE included characteristic autoantibodies, specific renal features, and skin manifestations. A small majority (51%) stated that 1 organ system would be sufficient for classifying SLE, but that additional typical laboratory features (antinuclear antibody, anti–double‐stranded DNA) would be required. Notably, 85% of the expert group would positively classify SLE if renal pathology alone showed lupus nephritis.ConclusionThe Delphi exercise resulted in a set of 40 candidate criteria for the classification of SLE for subsequent assessment. This study comprised the largest panel ever involved in the development of SLE classification criteria, providing a broadly representative view of the current approach to classification of SLE.
Development and Characterization of a Sucrose Microneedle Neural Electrode Delivery System
Authors: Apollo Nicholas V. , Jiang Jonathan , Cheung Warwick , Baquier Sebastien , Lai Alan , Mirebedini Azadeh , Foroughi Javad , Wallace Gordon G. , Shivdasani Mohit N. , Prawer Steven , Chen Shou , Williams Richard , Cook Mark J. , Nayagam David A. X. , Garrett David J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractStable brain–machine interfaces present extraordinary therapeutic and scientific promise. However, the electrode–tissue interface is susceptible to instability and damage during long‐term implantation. Soft, flexible electrodes demonstrate improved longevity, but pose a new challenge with regard to simple and accurate surgical implantation. A high aspect ratio water‐soluble microneedle is developed based on sucrose which permits straightforward surgical implantation of soft, flexible microelectrodes. Here, a description of the microneedle manufacturing process is presented, along with in vitro and in vivo safety and efficacy assessments. Successful fabrication requires control of the glass transition temperature of aqueous sucrose solutions. The insertion force of 5 different microneedle electrode vehicles is studied in agarose brain phantoms, with the sucrose microneedle eliciting the lowest insertion force and strain energy transfer. Short‐ and long‐term assessments of the pathological response to sucrose microneedle implantations in the brain suggest minimal tissue reactions, comparable to those observed following stainless‐steel hypodermic needle punctures. Finally, microelectrodes fabricated from graphene, carbon nanotubes, or platinum are embedded in sucrose microneedles and implanted into an epileptic rat model for 22 d. All electrodes are functional throughout the implantation period, with the graphene electrode exhibiting the largest seizure signal‐to‐noise ratio and only modest changes in impedance.
Material Design of Transparent Oxide Semiconductors for Organic Electronics: Why Do Zinc Silicate Thin Films Have Exceptional Properties?
Authors: Nakamura Nobuhiro , Kim Junghwan , Hosono Hideo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDevice application of organic electronics demands materials with seemingly incompatible properties. A material with a low work function, high mobility, high visible transparency, and chemical stability for electron injection/transport of organic light‐emitting diodes is required. Typical n‐type organic semiconductor materials with a low work function do not satisfy the requirements for high mobility, transparency, and chemical stability. In contrast, conventional transparent oxide semiconductors do not meet the criterion of low work function. A zinc silicate thin film has a low work function (≈3.5 eV); it also satisfies the other requirements. The present paper elucidates the reasons for such exceptional properties. It is revealed that the zinc silicate thin films comprise ZnO nanocrystals, each of which is optically separated by an extremely thin amorphous ZnO–SiO2 layer. Such a unique nanostructure gives rise to the quantum‐size effect of ZnO nanocrystals, leading to low work functions and hopping conduction; this enables it to meet the criterion for a low work function and also enables relatively higher mobility (0.3–1.0 cm2 V−1 s−1) than those of the n‐type organic semiconductors. Based on these findings, a material design idea is proposed to realize incompatible properties even using compositions of naturally abundant constituents.
Vasomotor, urogenital, psychological, and somatic symptoms in association with CYP1B1 polymorphisms in Slovak women of different menopausal status
Authors: Candráková Čerňanová Veronika , Danková Zuzana , Vorobeľová Lenka , Cvíčelová Marta , Siváková Daniela 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine if the Arg48Gly, Ala119Ser, Leu432Val, and Asn453Ser polymorphisms in the CYP1B1 estrogen‐metabolizing gene are associated with menopausal symptom experience in healthy Slovak women aged 40–60 years. We also investigated the possible association of other factors with menopausal symptoms, including health status, physical activity, reproductive history, psychological status, and smoking.MethodsThe total sample consisted of 367 women (mean age 49.11 ± 5.86 years), encompassing 180 premenopausal (mean age 45.06 ± 3.81 years), 29 peri‐menopausal (mean age 49.41 ± 3.94 years), and 158 postmenopausal (mean age 53.71 ± 4.54 years) women. The research comprised anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements (BIA), blood or saliva samples collected for DNA analysis, and a specific menopausal questionnaire.ResultsCYP1B1 Arg48Gly is significantly associated with vasomotor, psychological, and somatic symptoms. It appears that the Gly/Gly genotype is a risk factor during the postmenopause and protective in the pre‐ and peri‐menopause. CYP1B1 Ala119Ser was associated with all menopausal symptoms, with the Ser/Ser genotype increasing risk in the premenopause and offering protection in the peri‐ and postmenopause. Polymorphisms Leu432Val and Asn453Ser gave unequivocal results; independent of menopausal status, the Leu/Leu genotype was associated with increasing risk of vasomotor, urogenital, and psychological symptoms and the Asn/Asn genotype provided a protective effect against psychological symptoms.ConclusionsOur results suggest possible associations of CYP1B1 polymorphisms with the occurrence and manifestation of particular menopausal symptoms in healthy mid‐life Slovak women.
Effective removal of a cobalt‐tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine dye from an aqueous solution with a novel modified chitosan‐based superabsorbent hydrogel
Authors: Karimi Ali Reza , Rostaminezhad Bahare , Khodadadi Azam 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTIndustrial wastewaters from the Merox process are heavily polluted by toxic cobalt‐tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine (CoTsPc) dye catalyst, and in this article, we describe the synthesis of novel chitosan hydrogels and their adsorption capabilities against CoTsPc as biosorbents. In this study, novel chitosan hydrogels were crosslinked by 3,3′,4,4′‐tetracarboxybenzophenone dianhydride and used for the first time. The adsorption capacities of the hydrogels were significantly improved, and they exhibited excellent sorption behavior with ammonium sulfate modification. The adsorption behavior was observed to be pH dependent, and the optimum pH was found to be 8. Moreover, the swelling studies indicated that the hydrogels are superabsorbent. The reusability of these dye‐adsorbent hydrogels was also evaluated. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46167.