bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual Performance and Rotational Stability of a Multifocal Toric Intraocular Lens
Authors: Marques Eduardo F. , Ferreira Tiago B. , Simões Pedro 
Published: July 2016

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the visual results, refractive predictability, rotational stability, and spectacle independence of patients who had cataract surgery with implantation of a diffractive multifocal toric intraocular lens (IOL) (Tecnis Multifocal Toric ZMT 150–400; Abbott Medical Optics, Santa Ana, CA).

METHODS:
This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 patients with cataract and regular corneal astigmatism who had phacoemulsification with bilateral implantation of a Tecnis Multifocal Toric IOL. Over a 6-month follow-up period, the main outcome measures were uncorrected and corrected monocular and binocular distance (UDVA and DCVA), intermediate at 80 cm (UIVA and DCIVA), and near at 40 cm (UNVA and DCNVA) visual acuities, spherical equivalent (SE) refraction, residual astigmatism, rotational stability, defocus curves, contrast sensitivity, presence of photic phenomena, and use of spectacles.

RESULTS:
Results at 6 months showed mean UDVA of 0.07 ± 0.1 logMAR (range: 0.3 to 0.0 logMAR), mean UIVA of 0.18 ± 0.09 logMAR (range: 0.3 to −0.1 log-MAR, and mean UNVA of 0.03 ± 0.09 logMAR (range: 0.2 to −0.1 logMAR). Refractive predictability was excellent with a mean SE of 0.05 ± 0.47 diopters (D) (range: −0.75 to +1.00 D) and a mean refractive cylinder of −0.44 ± 0.49 D (range: −1.25 to 0.00). Mean rotation was 3.18° ± 3.28°. Photic phenomena were moderate or severe in 30% of patients. All patients were spectacle independent at the 6-month follow-up visit at all distances in this case series.

CONCLUSIONS:
The implantation of the Tecnis multifocal toric IOL in patients with cataract and corneal astigmatism provided excellent distance and near visual acuities with good intermediate visual acuity. Predictability of refractive results, rotational stability, and optical performance were excellent, allowing all patients in this series to achieve spectacle independence.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2016;32(7):444–450.]
Role of Age and Myopia in Simultaneous Assessment of Corneal and Extraocular Tissue Stiffness by Air-Puff Applanation
Authors: Matalia Jyoti , Francis Mathew , Tejwani Sushma , Dudeja Gagan , Rajappa Neha , Sinha Roy Abhijit 
Published: July 2016

PURPOSE:
To assess the correlation of age and myopia with corneal and extraocular tissue stiffness derived from air-puff applanation using a composite viscoelastic model.

METHODS:
This retrospective, cross-sectional study evaluated 155 normal eyes (age range: 5 to 50 years) measured on Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany). Manifest refraction spherical equivalent was also analyzed. A linear viscoelastic model that segregated corneal and extraocular tissue stiffness from the applanation deformation waveform was implemented. Corvis ST measured the total deformation (deformation amplitude waveform), which was simply the sum of corneal and extraocular tissue deformation. Age- and myopia-based multivariate analyses of variance between deformation parameters were performed after adjusting for intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness. Corvis ST corneal hysteresis was also calculated from the corneal deformation waveform.

RESULTS:

All myopia and age groups were matched for intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness. Extraocular tissue stiffness significantly increased with age (
P
= .03). Some other extraocular tissue deformation parameters also correlated with age, indicating age-related stiffening (
P
< .05). Corneal and extraocular tissue stiffness decreased with increasing myopia, but the trend was not significant (
P
= .10). Corvis ST corneal hysteresis increased with increasing age (
P
= .01) but not with increasing myopia (
P
= .61).

CONCLUSIONS:
Extraocular deformation parameters indicated stiffening of the extraocular tissues with age. Corneal deformation parameters were unaffected by age and myopia. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to clearly understand the effect of myopia on corneal and extraocular tissue stiffness.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(7):486–493.]
Development of Lattice Boltzmann Flux Solver for Simulation of Incompressible Flows
Authors: Shu C. , Wang Y. , Teo C. J. , Wu J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA lattice Boltzmann flux solver (LBFS) is presented in this work for simulation of incompressible viscous and inviscid flows. The new solver is based on Chapman-Enskog expansion analysis, which is the bridge to link Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations and lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE). The macroscopic differential equations are discretized by the finite volume method, where the flux at the cell interface is evaluated by local reconstruction of lattice Boltzmann solution from macroscopic flow variables at cell centers. The new solver removes the drawbacks of conventional lattice Boltzmann method such as limitation to uniform mesh, tie-up of mesh spacing and time interval, limitation to viscous flows. LBFS is validated by its application to simulate the viscous decaying vortex flow, the driven cavity flow, the viscous flow past a circular cylinder, and the inviscid flow past a circular cylinder. The obtained numerical results compare very well with available data in the literature, which show that LBFS has the second order of accuracy in space, and can be well applied to viscous and inviscid flow problems with non-uniform mesh and curved boundary.
The Cementless Fibre Mesh Coated Anatomic Femoral Stem: 12 to 23 Years Clinical and Radiological Outcome Study
Authors: Ozden Vahit Emre , Dikmen Goksel , Kilicoglu Onder I. , Beksac Burak , Tozun Ismail Remzi 
Published: July 2016

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the long-term clinical and radiographic results, and possible reasons for failure of two versions of the cementless fibre-metal coated anatomical femoral component. Methods 99 patients (119 hips) were evaluated at an average of 16.7 years (range, 12 to 23 years) following primary THA. Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) was the most common pathology (n = 37 hips). Structural femoral head autografts were used to increase cup coverage in 23 hips. Vertical and horizontal migration of acetabular and femoral components and osteolysis around the components were assessed using conventional radiolography. For clinical evaluation, the Harris Hip Score and Merle D'Aubigne scale were used pre-operatively and at final follow up. Implant survival was calculated according to the Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis and failure was defined as component's revision for any reason. Results The cumulative survival rate of the anatomical femoral stem was 64.2% at 19.8 years, with a worst-case scenario of 41%. The cumulative survival rate of the total hip arthroplasty was 51% at 19.8 years, with a worse case scenario of 38%. The mean pre-operative Harris Hip Score of 42 points improved to 88 postoperatively. The mean pre-operative Merle D'Aubigne functional score of 3.5 improved to 5.2 points at the time of final follow-up. In 36 hips (41.6%) osteolysis was found in Gruen zone 1, proximal to the ingrowth surface. Conclusions The cementless fibre-metal coated anatomical femoral component showed favourable long-term clinical and radiological results. Proximal coating seems to protect bone implant interface from wear debris induced osteolysis during the second decade.
Processamento de cabos de laringoscópio: revisão integrativa
Authors: Bruna Camila Quartim de Moraes , Souza Rafael Queiroz de , Almeida Alda Graciele Claudio dos Santos , Suzuki Karina , Turrini Ruth Natália Tereza , Graziano Kazuko Uchikawa 
Published: July 2016

Objetivo: Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura científica com base na seguinte questão norteadora: “Qual o tipo de processamento necessário para a segurança do reuso do cabo de laringoscópio?”. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa utilizando os portais e as bases Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science e CINAHL. Resultado: Foram identificados sete estudos experimentais cujos resultados demonstraram indefinição da classificação do cabo de laringoscópio quanto ao risco de causar infecção, comprovada pela diversidade de métodos de processamento. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os cabos de laringoscópio não podem ser considerados materiais independentes das lâminas e, portanto, são materiais semicríticos. Levando-se em conta a carga microbiana e orgânica identificada nesta revisão, o processamento mínimo recomendado é a limpeza seguida de desinfecção de alto nível. Um inventário pequeno e a falta de acesso às tecnologias para processamento não são razões aceitáveis para recomendações improvisadas, evitando assim a certificação e propagação de más práticas. Palavras-chave: Laringoscópios. Desinfecção. Classificação Objetivo: Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura científica com base na seguinte questão norteadora: “Qual o tipo de processamento necessário para a segurança do reuso do cabo de laringoscópio?”. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa utilizando os portais e as bases Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science e CINAHL. Resultado: Foram identificados sete estudos experimentais cujos resultados demonstraram indefinição da classificação do cabo de laringoscópio quanto ao risco de causar infecção, comprovada pela diversidade de métodos de processamento. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os cabos de laringoscópio não podem ser considerados materiais independentes das lâminas e, portanto, são materiais semicríticos. Levando-se em conta a carga microbiana e orgânica identificada nesta revisão, o processamento mínimo recomendado é a limpeza seguida de desinfecção de alto nível. Um inventário pequeno e a falta de acesso às tecnologias para processamento não são razões aceitáveis para recomendações improvisadas, evitando assim a certificação e propagação de más práticas. Palavras-chave: Laringoscópios. Desinfecção. Classificação
The Coalition against Police Abuse: CAPA’s Resistance Struggle in 1970s Los Angeles
Authors: Felker-Kantor Max 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This article explores the Coalition Against Police Abuse (CAPA) and the resistance to police abuse in Los Angeles during the 1970s. It argues that the use of force directed at social movements by the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) after the 1965 Watts uprising did not destroy resistance but rather provided the foundation for a new phase in the struggle against police violence. Evolving out of the repression of Black Power and Chicano movements, CAPA rejected the idea that the LAPD could be reformed from within. In order to fundamentally alter the relationship between residents and local criminal justice systems, CAPA demanded community control of the police. Activists worked to build a broad-based coalition to channel anger at police violence into an organized movement based on nonviolent protest, documentation of police abuse, redress through lawsuits, and political pressure in public hearings. By the 1980s, CAPA’s movement gained popular support from political officials, middle-class residents, church leaders, and civil rights organizations. This coalition, however, sought only minor changes at the margins of the criminal justice system that did not meaningfully alter the balance of power between the community and the police. Opposition to police abuse was consistent over time, but its ideological and political grounding narrowed as demands for accountability and justice were routed into established processes and institutions. Although the anti-police- abuse coalition challenged law-and- order politics, its achievements were moderate compared to CAPA’s initial vision of community control of the police.
Magnet-free uniform sputtering of dielectric film by RF and microwave power superposition
Authors: Sasai Kensuke , Hagihara Toshiya , Noda Tomonori , Suzuki Haruka , Toyoda Hirotaka 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A novel sputtering device that is free of magnets (magnet-free surface wave sputtering plasma: MF-SSP) is developed by combining a surface wave plasma and RF bias power. Low-pressure (<0.5 Pa) plasma sustainment is demonstrated by MF-SSP with a uniform sputter deposition rate with a deviation of less than 5% within an area of 10 × 10 cm2. Highly oriented MgO films are deposited at a substrate temperature of 200 °C.
Simultaneous determination of electron beam profile and material response using self-consistent iterative method
Authors: Kandel Yudhishthir , Denbeaux Gregory 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We develop a novel iterative method to accurately measure electron beam shape (current density distribution) and monotonic material response as a function of position. A common method is to scan an electron beam across a knife edge along many angles to give an approximate measure of the beam profile, however such scans are not easy to obtain in all systems. The present work uses only an electron beam and multiple exposed regions of a thin film of photoresist to measure the complete beam profile for any beam shape, where the material response is characterized externally. This simplifies the setup of new experimental tools. We solve for self-consistent photoresist thickness loss response to dose and the electron beam profile simultaneously by optimizing a novel functional iteratively. We also show the successful implementation of the method in a real world data set corrupted by noise and other experimental variabilities.
Structure of 100 W high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer for applications in power electronics
Authors: Suzuki Kohei , Adachi Kazunari , Shibamata Yuki , Suzuki Tsunehisa 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We propose a piezoelectric transformer comprising two identical bolt-clamped Langevin-type transducers (BLTs) and a stepped horn for its applications to high-power electronics. The transformer can realize a specified step-up voltage transformation ratio determined by the cross-sectional area ratio of the horn, both ends of which are connected to the BLTs, at a driving frequency in the vicinity of its mechanical resonance frequency. In experiments, we obtained the results predicted by finite-element analysis. The deviations of the measured resonance and driving frequencies from the numerically estimated values were 0.86 and 0.80%, respectively. At the driving frequency, the maximum efficiency was 99.2%, and a maximum output power of 100 W was obtained with an input voltage of 100 Vrms. Nevertheless, we observed unstable actions of the transformer, which can be attributed to the “jumping and dropping” phenomena, in high voltage operation. Numerical analysis suggests that the instability may be caused by the local electric field concentration in the piezoelectric elements, which occurs only when the transformer is driven by a low-output-impedance voltage source at its mechanical resonance frequency.
Automated cleaning of foraminifera shells before Mg/Ca analysis using a pipette robot
Authors: Johnstone Heather J. H. , Steinke Stephan , Kuhnert Henning , Bickert Torsten , Pälike Heiko , Mohtadi Mahyar 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe molar ratio of magnesium to calcium (Mg/Ca) in foraminiferal calcite is a widely used proxy for reconstructing past seawater temperatures. Thorough cleaning of tests is required before analysis to remove contaminant phases such as clay and organic matter. We have adapted a commercial pipette robot to automate an established cleaning procedure, the “Mg‐cleaning” protocol of Barker et al. (2003). Efficiency of the automated nine‐step method was assessed through monitoring Al/Ca of trial samples (GeoB4420‐2 core catcher). Planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber, Globigerinoides sacculifer, and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei from this sample gave Mg/Ca consistent with the habitat range of the three species, and 40–60% sample recovery after cleaning. Comparison between manually cleaned and robot‐cleaned samples of G. ruber (white) from a sediment core (GeoB16602) showed good correspondence between the two methods for Mg/Ca (r = 0.93, p < 0001, n = 27). Average Al/Ca in robot‐cleaned samples was 0.05 mmol/mol, showing that the samples are cleaned effectively by the robot. The robot offers increased sample throughput as batch sizes of up to 88 samples/blanks can be processed in ∼7 h with little intervention.
Establishment of a fully automated microtiter plate‐based system for suspension cell culture and its application for enhanced process optimization
Authors: Markert Sven , Joeris Klaus 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTWe developed an automated microtiter plate (MTP)‐based system for suspension cell culture to meet the increased demands for miniaturized high throughput applications in biopharmaceutical process development. The generic system is based on off‐the‐shelf commercial laboratory automation equipment and is able to utilize MTPs of different configurations (6–24 wells per plate) in orbital shaken mode. The shaking conditions were optimized by Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. The fully automated system handles plate transport, seeding and feeding of cells, daily sampling, and preparation of analytical assays. The integration of all required analytical instrumentation into the system enables a hands‐off operation which prevents bottlenecks in sample processing. The modular set‐up makes the system flexible and adaptable for a continuous extension of analytical parameters and add‐on components. The system proved suitable as screening tool for process development by verifying the comparability of results for the MTP‐based system and bioreactors regarding profiles of viable cell density, lactate, and product concentration of CHO cell lines. These studies confirmed that 6 well MTPs as well as 24 deepwell MTPs were predictive for a scale up to a 1000 L stirred tank reactor (scale factor 1:200,000). Applying the established cell culture system for automated media blend screening in late stage development, a 22% increase in product yield was achieved in comparison to the reference process. The predicted product increase was subsequently confirmed in 2 L bioreactors. Thus, we demonstrated the feasibility of the automated MTP‐based cell culture system for enhanced screening and optimization applications in process development and identified further application areas such as process robustness. The system offers a great potential to accelerate time‐to‐market for new biopharmaceuticals. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 113–121. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation of different cases of dislocation generation during industrial Cz silicon pulling
Authors: Lanterne Adeline , Gaspar Guilherme , Hu Yu , Øvrelid Eivind , Sabatino Marisa Di 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study aims at better understanding the generation of dislocations causing a structure loss issue during the pulling of Czochralski silicon ingots. Several industrial‐scale n‐type ingots containing this issue were characterized. The generation and propagation of dislocations were observed in each ingot along with an investigation of the perturbation at the origin of the structure loss. The results show that for the two ingots characterized in this study, particles entering in contact with the ingot edge during crystal growth are responsible for the generation of dislocations.Moreover, the propagation of dislocations was compared for two different structure loss origins: particles in contact with the ingot edge and the crystallization around a gas bubble (pinhole) in the middle of the ingot. In each case, a fast transition between the original dislocation‐free growth and a growth with dislocations was observed at the perturbation position. Differences in the propagation of slip dislocations backward in the crystal are discussed as well as differences in the transition to a multicrystalline silicon growth regime. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Letter to the Editor: Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Release Oncogenic Soluble E-Cadherin
Authors: Rosner Margit , Hengstschläger Markus 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Since their discovery, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) including embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells hold great promise in disease modeling and regenerative medicine. Despite intensive research and remarkable progress, it is becoming increasingly acknowledged that their yet incomplete, biological characterisation represents one of the major drawbacks to their successful translation into the clinics. The expression of the transmembrane protein E-cadherin in hPSCs is well defined to be pivotal to the maintenance of the pluripotent state by mediating intercellular adhesion and intracellular signaling. Next to these canonical functions, were here report for the first time that hPSCs are subject to matrix metalloproteinase-dependent E-cadherin ectodomain shedding. This generates a ∼80-kD, soluble E-cadherin fragment which is released into the extracellular space, and which is well described to exert paracrine signaling activity and classified as being oncogenic. Collectively, this finding does not only improve our knowledge on the signaling crosstalk between hPSCs and their cellular environment and the type and nature of the paracrine signals produced by these cells, but also has clear implications for the development of efficient and safe stem cell-based therapies.
Measurement and Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics for the Female Chinese Population During Squatting
Authors: Wei S. , Wang D.-M. , Lin Y.-P. , Li X. , Wang C.-T. , Zhou H. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe study investigates three-dimensional kinematics of lower limb for female Chinese population during normal squatting activity. 25 young female and 25 elder female Chinese subjects were recruited. With each subject's data collected, the means of three-dimensional rotation angles of knee, hip, and ankle joints of those two groups were calculated and analyzed. Measured results showed that the maximal eccentric range of hip flexion/extension of 128.6° for the young female group (P < 0.05) was compared with that of 158.8° for the elder female group. Thus, the elder female undergoes more hip flexion/extension angles than the young female in the posture of squatting. The mean range of motion (ROM) of knee flexion/extension was 140.2° for the young female group and 138.7° (significant level P > 0.05) for the elder female group. The mean ROM of ankle flexion/extension was 47.90° for the young female group and 31.9° (P > 0.05) for the elder female group. The ROMs obtained in the experiment during squatting were greater than the reported ones achieved after joint arthroplasty. These data may be invaluable in providing designers of lower limb prosthesis with basic mechanical parameters, and assessing the effect of kinematics of low limb on rehabilitation for the Chinese population.