bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Child and parent preferences for graphical display of patient‐reported outcome data
Authors: Dobrozsi Sarah , Panepinto Julie 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPatient‐reported outcome measures (PROs) generate reproducible, objective measures of patient functioning and symptoms. Clinical PRO use has proven benefits. Parent and child preferences for the graphical display of PRO data are not known. We conducted a qualitative study to determine preferences for graphical display of PRO data for use in the clinical setting. Participants were shown line graphs depicting a patient's PRO score with variations in orientation, shading and text. Final consensus graphs were elicited. Participants selected the graph with the highest level of visual and text interpretation of PRO scores.
Childhood osteosarcoma: Incidence and survival in Argentina. Report from the National Pediatric Cancer Registry, ROHA Network 2000–2013
Authors: Moreno F. , Cacciavillano W. , Cipolla M. , Coirini M. , Streitenberger P. , López Martí J. , Palladino M. , Morici M. , Onoratelli M. , Drago G. , Schifino A. , Cores M. , Rose A. , Jotomliansky J. , Varel M. , García Lombardi M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundDifferences in incidence and survival in osteosarcoma reports are considerable worldwide.PurposeThis study describes the incidence and survival of patients with osteosarcoma in Argentina with data from the National Pediatric Cancer Registry (ROHA), and the impact of age, gender, stage, regional, and socioeconomic indicators on outcome.MethodsPediatric patients with osteosarcoma reported to ROHA from 2000 through 2013 were analyzed, the annual age‐standardized incidence rate (ASR) was calculated using the National Vital Statistics, and survival was estimated. The extended human development index (EHDI) for each reporting region was used as an indicator of socioeconomic status.ResultsThere were 515 cases of osteosarcoma identified, yielding an ASR of 3.2/1,000,000 children (0–14 years old). The ASR did not vary significantly by year of diagnosis but ranged from 4.0/1,000,000 in the Cuyo/Western Central region to 2.7/1,000,000 in the northeast region (P < 0.000). The estimated 5‐year survival rate was 45% (95% confidence interval [CI] 44–51%), with no difference by sex, diagnosis year, region, or EHDI score (P > 0.1 in all cases). Survival rate for localized disease was 52% (95% CI 45–57%) and for metastatic 22% (95% CI 15–30%).ConclusionsIn Argentina, ASR of osteosarcoma is similar to that in high‐income countries, but survival is lower in all regions. Future work will focus on identification and reduction of causes of preventable treatment failure.
Confinement effects on the thermal stability of poly(ethylene oxide)/graphene nanocomposites: A reactive molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Rahmani Farzin , Mahdavi Mina , Nouranian Sasan , Al‐Ostaz Ahmed 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTNonisothermal and isothermal decomposition of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) loaded with different concentrations of pristine graphene (PG) and graphene oxide (GO) nanoplatelets were investigated using reactive molecular dynamics simulation. The onset of nonisothermal decomposition of the PG‐loaded PEO system was the highest among all systems, suggesting that introducing PG to the polymer improves its thermal stability (an effect that increases with an increase in the PG concentration). At low concentration, introducing GO to the polymer brings about a deterioration of the thermal stability of the polymer consistent with experimental findings. On average, the activation energy for the isothermal decomposition of PG‐loaded PEO system increases by 60% over that of the neat PEO system, while it decreases by 40% for the GO‐loaded PEO system. A time‐dependent analysis of the through‐thickness decomposition profile of the above systems reveals that the polymer confined between the PG sheets exhibit a higher thermal stability compared to the bulk polymer. However, an opposite effect is observed with the polymer confined between the GO sheets. The latter observation is attributed to accelerated polymer chain scission in confined regions due to the ejection of reactive hydroxyl radicals from the GO surface during the early stages of thermal decomposition. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1026–1035
Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism, Type II: a Clinical Review
Authors: Bober Michael B. , Jackson Andrew P. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPurpose of the ReviewThis review will provide an overview of the microcephalic primordial dwarfism (MPD) class of disorders and provide the reader comprehensive clinical review with suggested care guidelines for patients with microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism, type II (MOPDII).Recent FindingsOver the last 15 years, significant strides have been made in the diagnosis, natural history, and management of MOPDII.SummaryMOPDII is the most common and well described form of MPD. The classic features of the MPD group are severe pre- and postnatal growth retardation, with marked microcephaly. In addition to these features, individuals with MOPDII have characteristic facies, skeletal dysplasia, abnormal dentition, and an increased risk for cerebrovascular disease and insulin resistance. Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in the pericentrin gene cause MOPDII, which is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.
GUI design exploration software for microwave antennas
Authors: Liu Bo , Irvine Alexander , Akinsolu Mobayode O. , Arabi Omer , Grout Vic , Ali Nazar 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Optimizers in commercial electromagnetic (EM) simulation software packages are the main tools for performing antenna design exploration today. However, these general purpose optimizers are facing challenges in optimization efficiency, supported optimization types and usability for antenna experts without deep knowledge on optimization. Aiming to fill the gaps, a new antenna design exploration tool, called Antenna Design Explorer (ADE), is presented in this paper. The key features are: (1) State-of-the-art antenna design exploration methods are selected and embedded, addressing efficient antenna optimization (critical but unable to be solved by existing tools) and multiobjective antenna optimization (not available in most existing tools); (2) Human-computer interaction for the targeted problem is studied, addressing various usability issues for antenna design engineers, such as automatic algorithmic parameter setting and interactive stopping criteria; (3) Compatibility with existing tools is studied and ADE is able to co-work with existing EM simulators and optimizers, combining advantages. A case study verifies the advantages of ADE.
Highlights A new antenna design exploration tool, called Antenna Design Explorer (ADE), is presented in this paper. State-of-the-art antenna design exploration methods are selected and embedded, addressing efficient antenna optimization (critical but difficult to be solved by existing tools) and multiobjective antenna optimization (not available in most existing tools). Human-computer interaction for the targeted problem is studied, addressing various usability issues for antenna design engineers. Compatibility with existing tools is studied and ADE is able to co-work with existing EM simulators and optimizers, combining advantages.
Complete phase diagram of rare-earth nickelates from first-principles
Authors: Varignon Julien , Grisolia Mathieu N. , Íñiguez Jorge , Barthélémy Agnès , Bibes Manuel 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe structural, electronic and magnetic properties of AMO3 perovskite oxides, where M is a 3d transition metal, are highly sensitive to the geometry of the bonds between the metal-d and oxygen-p ions (through octahedra rotations and distortions) and to their level of covalence. This is particularly true in rare-earth nickelates RNiO3 that display a metal–insulator transition with complex spin orders tunable by the rare-earth size, and are on the border line between dominantly ionic (lighter elements) and covalent characters (heavier elements). Accordingly, computing their ground state is challenging and a complete theoretical description of their rich phase diagram is still missing. Here, using first-principles simulations, we successfully describe the electronic and magnetic experimental ground state of nickelates. We show that the insulating phase is characterized by a split of the electronic states of the two Ni sites (i.e., resembling low-spin 4+ and high-spin 2+) with a concomitant shift of the oxygen-2p orbitals toward the depleted Ni cations. Therefore, from the point of view of the charge, the two Ni sites appear nearly identical whereas they are in fact distinct. Performing such calculations for several nickelates, we built a theoretical phase diagram that reproduces all their key features, namely a systematic dependence of the metal–insulator transition with the rare-earth size and the crossover between a second to first order transition for R = Pr and Nd. Finally, our results hint at strategies to control the electronic and magnetic phases of perovskite oxides by fine tuning of the level of covalence.
Isoform specific differences in phospholipase C beta 1 expression in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and suicide
Authors: Udawela M. , Scarr E. , Boer S. , Um J. Y. , Hannan A. J. , McOmish C. , Felder C. C. , Thomas E. A. , Dean B. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractOur previous study demonstrated that phospholipase C beta 1 mRNA was down-regulated in Brodmann’s area 46 from subjects with schizophrenia. However, phospholipase C beta 1 protein has also been shown to be lower in Brodmann’s area 8 and 9 from teenage suicide subjects, creating a potential confound in interpreting the findings in schizophrenia due to the high suicide rate associated with this disorder. To begin to reconcile and consolidate these findings, in this study, we measured mRNA and protein levels of phospholipase C beta 1 variants a and b in Brodmann’s area 46 and Brodmann’s area 9 from subjects with schizophrenia, many of whom were suicide completers, and determined the diagnostic specificity of observed findings. Consistent with our previous study, levels of phospholipase C beta 1 a and b mRNA, but not protein, were lower in Brodmann’s area 46 from subjects with schizophrenia. In Brodmann’s area 9, phospholipase C beta 1a protein levels were lower in subjects with schizophrenia, while phospholipase C beta 1b mRNA was higher and protein was lower in those that had died of suicide. Altered protein levels in Brodmann’s area 9 appeared to be diagnostically specific, as we did not detect these changes in subjects with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder or suicide completers with no diagnosis of mental illness. We further assessed the relationship between phospholipase C beta 1 and levels of muscarinic receptors (CHRMs) that signal through this protein, in both human andChrmknockout mouse central nervous system tissue, and found no strong relationship between the two. Understanding central nervous system differences in downstream effector pathways in schizophrenia may lead to improved treatment strategies and help to identify those at risk of suicide.
A bacterial ABC transporter enables import of mammalian host glycosaminoglycans
Authors: Oiki Sayoko , Mikami Bunzo , Maruyama Yukie , Murata Kousaku , Hashimoto Wataru 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGlycosaminoglycans (GAGs), such as hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate, and heparin, constitute mammalian extracellular matrices. The uronate and amino sugar residues in hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate are linked by 1,3-glycoside bond, while heparin contains 1,4-glycoside bond. Some bacteria target GAGs as means of establishing colonization and/or infection, and bacterial degradation mechanisms of GAGs have been well characterized. However, little is known about the bacterial import of GAGs. Here, we show a GAG import system, comprised of a solute-binding protein (Smon0123)-dependent ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, in the pathogenicStreptobacillus moniliformis. A genetic cluster responsible for depolymerization, degradation, and metabolism of GAGs as well as the ABC transporter system was found in theS. moniliformisgenome. This bacterium degraded hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate with an expression of the genetic cluster, while heparin repressed the bacterial growth. The purified recombinant Smon0123 exhibited an affinity with disaccharides generated from hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate. X-ray crystallography indicated binding mode of Smon0123 to GAG disaccharides. The purified recombinant ABC transporter as a tetramer (Smon0121-Smon0122/Smon0120-Smon0120) reconstructed in liposomes enhanced its ATPase activity in the presence of Smon0123 and GAG disaccharides. This is the first report that has molecularly depicted a bacterial import system of both sulfated and non-sulfated GAGs.
Laparoscopic Versus Open Liver Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Si-Ming , Xiong Jun-Jie , Liu Xue-Ting , Chen Hong-Yu , Iglesia-García Daniel , Altaf Kiran , Bharucha Shameena , Huang Wei , Nunes Quentin M. , Szatmary Peter , Liu Xu-Bao 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe effects of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) and open liver resection (OLR) on oncological outcomes for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CCLM) remain inconclusive. Major databases were searched from January 1992 to October 2016. Effects of LLR vs OLR were determined. The primary endpoints were oncological outcomes. In total, 32 eligible non-randomized studies with 4697 patients (LLR: 1809, OLR: 2888) were analyzed. There were higher rates of clear surgical margins (OR: 1.64, 95%CI: 1.32 to 2.05, p < 0.00001) in the LLR group, without significant differences in disease recurrence, 3- or 5-year overall survival(OS) and disease free survival(DFS) between the two approaches. LLR was associated with less intraoperative blood loss (WMD: −147.46 [−195.78 to −99.15] mL, P < 0.00001) and fewer blood transfusions (OR: 0.41 [0.30–0.58], P < 0.00001), but with longer operation time (WMD:14.44 [1.01 to 27.88] min, P < 0.00001) compared to OLR. Less overall morbidity (OR: 0.64 [0.55 to 0.75], p < 0.00001) and shorter postoperative hospital stay (WMD: −2.36 [−3.06 to −1.66] d, p < 0.00001) were observed for patients undergoing LLR, while there was no statistical difference in mortality. LLR appears to be a safe and feasible alternative to OLR in the treatment of CCLM in selected patients.
Simultaneous Detection of EGFR and VEGF in Colorectal Cancer using Fluorescence-Raman Endoscopy
Authors: Kim Yong-il , Jeong Sinyoung , Jung Kyung Oh , Song Myung Geun , Lee Chul-Hee , Chung Seock-jin , Park Ji Yong , Cha Myeong Geun , Lee Sung Gun , Jun Bong-Hyun , Lee Yun-Sang , Hwang Do Won , Youn Hyewon , Kang Keon Wook , Lee Yoon-Sik , Jeong Dae Hong , Lee Dong Soo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFluorescence endomicroscopy provides quick access to molecular targets, while Raman spectroscopy allows the detection of multiple molecular targets. Using a simultaneous fluorescence-Raman endoscopic system (FRES), we herein demonstrate its potential in cancer diagnosis in an orthotopically induced colorectal cancer (CRC) xenograft model. In the model, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were targeted with antibody-conjugated fluorescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (F-SERS) dots. FRES demonstrated fast signal detection and multiplex targeting ability using fluorescence and Raman signals to detect the F-SERS dots. In addition, FRES showed a multiplex targeting ability even on a subcentimeter-sized CRC after spraying with a dose of 50 µg F-SERS dots. In conclusion, molecular characteristics of tumor cells (EGFR in cancer cell membranes) and tumor microenvironments (VEGF in the extracellular matrix) could be simultaneously investigated when performing a colonoscopy.
Structure-function analysis of the DNA-binding domain of a transmembrane transcriptional activator
Authors: Schlundt Andreas , Buchner Sophie , Janowski Robert , Heydenreich Thomas , Heermann Ralf , Lassak Jürgen , Geerlof Arie , Stehle Ralf , Niessing Dierk , Jung Kirsten , Sattler Michael 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe transmembrane DNA-binding protein CadC of E. coli, a representative of the ToxR-like receptor family, combines input and effector domains for signal sensing and transcriptional activation, respectively, in a single protein, thus representing one of the simplest signalling systems. At acidic pH in a lysine-rich environment, CadC activates the transcription of the cadBA operon through recruitment of the RNA polymerase (RNAP) to the two cadBA promoter sites, Cad1 and Cad2, which are directly bound by CadC. However, the molecular details for its interaction with DNA have remained elusive. Here, we present the crystal structure of the CadC DNA-binding domain (DBD) and show that it adopts a winged helix-turn-helix fold. The interaction with the cadBA promoter site Cad1 is studied by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, biophysical methods and functional assays and reveals a preference for AT-rich regions. By mutational analysis we identify amino acids within the CadC DBD that are crucial for DNA-binding and functional activity. Experimentally derived structural models of the CadC-DNA complex indicate that the CadC DBD employs mainly non-sequence-specific over a few specific contacts. Our data provide molecular insights into the CadC-DNA interaction and suggest how CadC dimerization may provide high-affinity binding to the Cad1 promoter.
The effect of acute social stress on the recognition of facial expression of emotions
Authors: Daudelin-Peltier Camille , Forget Hélène , Blais Caroline , Deschênes Andréa , Fiset Daniel 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of acute social stress on the recognition of facial expression of emotions in healthy young men. Participants underwent both a standardized psychosocial laboratory stressor (TSST-G) and a control condition. Then, they performed a homemade version of the facial expressions megamix. All six basic emotions were included in the task. First, our results show a systematic increase in the intensity threshold for disgust following stress, meaning that the participants’ performance with this emotion was impaired. We suggest that this may reflect an adaptive coping mechanism where participants attempt to decrease their anxiety and protect themselves from a socio-evaluative threat. Second, our results show a systematic decrease in the intensity threshold for surprise, therefore positively affecting the participants’ performance with that emotion. We suggest that the enhanced perception of surprise following the induction of social stress may be interpreted as an evolutionary adaptation, wherein being in a stressful environment increases the benefits of monitoring signals indicating the presence of a novel or threatening event. An alternative explanation may derive from the opposite nature of the facial expressions of disgust and surprise; the decreased recognition of disgust could therefore have fostered the propensity to perceive surprise.
Enteric innervation combined with proteomics for the evaluation of the effects of chronic fluoride exposure on the duodenum of rats
Authors: Melo Carina Guimarães de Souza , Perles Juliana Vanessa Colombo Martins , Zanoni Jacqueline Nelisis , Souza Sara Raquel Garcia de , Santos Erika Xavier , Leite Aline de Lima , Heubel Alessandro Domingues , e Souza Camila Oliveira , Souza Juliana Gadelha de , Buzalaf Marília Afonso Rabelo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIngested fluoride (F) is absorbed mainly in the small intestine, which is controlled by the Enteric Nervous System (ENS). Although important intestinal symptomatology has been described after excessive F exposure, there have been no studies reporting the effects of F on the ENS. In this study, the effects of chronic F exposure were evaluated on the duodenums of rats through proteomic and morphological analyses. Concentrations of 0, 10, or 50 ppm of F were applied to the drinking water for 30 days. Immunofluorescence techniques were performed in the myenteric plexus of the duodenum to detect HuC/D, neuronal nitric oxide (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), and substance P (SP). The 50 ppm F group presented a significant decrease in the density of nNOS-IR neurons. Significant morphological alterations were also observed in HUC/D-IR and nNOS-IR neurons; VIP-IR, CGRP-IR, and SP-IR varicosities for both groups (10 and 50 ppm F). Proteomic analysis of the duodenum demonstrated alterations in the expression of several proteins, especially those related to important biological processes, such as protein polymerization, which helps to explain the downregulation of many proteins upon exposure to 50 ppm of F.
Basal autophagy prevents autoactivation or enhancement of inflammatory signals by targeting monomeric MyD88
Authors: Into Takeshi , Horie Toshi , Inomata Megumi , Gohda Jin , Inoue Jun-ichiro , Murakami Yukitaka , Niida Shumpei 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAutophagy, the processes of delivery of intracellular components to lysosomes, regulates induction of inflammation. Inducible macroautophagy degrades inflammasomes and dysfunctional mitochondria to downregulate inflammatory signals. Nonetheless, the effects of constitutive basal autophagy on inflammatory signals are largely unknown. Here, we report a previously unknown effect of basal autophagy. Lysosomal inhibition induced weak inflammatory signals in the absence of a cellular stimulus and in the presence of a nutrient supply, and their induction was impaired by MyD88 deficiency. During lysosomal inhibition, MyD88 was accumulated, and overabundant MyD88 autoactivated downstream signaling or enhanced TLR/IL-1R-mediated signaling. MyD88 is probably degraded via basal microautophagy because macroautophagy inhibitors, ATG5 deficiency, and an activator of chaperone-mediated autophagy did not affect MyD88. Analysis using a chimeric protein whose monomerization/dimerization can be switched revealed that monomeric MyD88 is susceptible to degradation. Immunoprecipitation of monomeric MyD88 revealed its interaction with TRAF6. In TRAF6-deficient cells, degradation of basal MyD88 was enhanced, suggesting that TRAF6 participates in protection from basal autophagy. Thus, basal autophagy lowers monomeric MyD88 expression, and thereby autoactivation of inflammatory signals is prevented. Given that impairment of lysosomes occurs in various settings, our results provide novel insights into the etiology of inflammatory signals that affect consequences of inflammation.
Multifunctional substrate of label-free electrochemical immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of cytokeratins antigen 21-1
Authors: Wang Huiqiang , Gao Xin , Ma Zhanfang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPoly(thionine)-Au, a novel multifunctional substrate with excellent redox signal, enzyme-like activity, and easy antibody immobilisation, was synthesised using HAuCl4 as the oxidising agent and thionine as the monomer. The prepared poly(thionine)-Au composite exhibited an admirable electrochemical redox signal at −0.15 V and excellent H2O2 catalytic ability. In addition, gold nanoparticles in this composite were found to directly immobilise antibodies and further improve conductivity. In addition, a label-free electrochemical immunosensor was developed using poly(thionine)-Au as the sensing substrate for ultrasensitive detection of cytokeratin antigen 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1), an immunoassay found in human serum. The prepared immunosensor showed a wide liner range from 100 ng mL−1 to 10 fg mL−1 and an ultralow detection limit of 4.6 fg mL−1 (the ratio of signal to noise (S/N) = 3). Additionally, this method was used to analyse human serum samples and yielded results consistency with those of ELISA, implying its potential application in clinical research. The poly(thionine)-Au composite can be easily extended to other polymer-based nanocomposites, which is significant for other electrochemical immunoassays.