bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bronchial Artery Angiogenesis Drives Lung Tumor Growth
Authors: Eldridge Lindsey , Moldobaeva Aigul , Zhong Qiong , Jenkins John , Snyder Michael , Brown Robert H. , Mitzner Wayne , Wagner Elizabeth M. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Angiogenesis is vital for tumor growth but in well-vascularized organs such as the lung its importance is unclear. This situation is complicated by the fact that the lung has two separate circulations, the pulmonary and the systemic bronchial circulation. There are few relevant animal models of non–small cell lung cancer, which can be used to study the lung's complex circulations, and mice, lacking a systemic bronchial circulation cannot be used. We report here a novel orthotopic model of non–small cell lung cancer in rats, where we have studied the separate contributions of each of the two circulations for lung tumor growth. Results show that bronchial artery perfusion, quantified by fluorescent microspheres (206% increase in large tumors) or high-resolution computed tomography scans (276% increase in large tumors), parallels the growth in tumor volume, whereas pulmonary artery perfusion remained unchanged. Ablation of the bronchial artery after the initiation of tumor growth resulted in a decrease in tumor volume over a subsequent course of 4 weeks. These results demonstrate that although the existing pulmonary circulation can supply the metabolic needs for tumor initiation, further growth of the tumor requires angiogenesis from the highly proliferative bronchial circulation. This model may be useful to investigate new therapeutic approaches that target specifically the bronchial circulation. Cancer Res; 76(20); 5962–9. ©2016 AACR.
Cyst Fluid Analysis in Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms
Authors: Allen Peter J. , Iacobuzio-Donahue Christine A. , Klimstra David S. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are surgically treatable cancer precursors, if high-risk features can be identified. Analysis of proteins and genes in cyst fluid helps diagnostically, but prior biomarkers had limited ability to detect high-risk cases. Cyst fluid telomerase activity may be a useful biomarker for high-risk IPMNs. Clin Cancer Res; 22(20); 4966–7. ©2016 AACR.
See related article by Hata et al., p. 5141
Performance and Validation of a Novel Biomarker-Based Stroke Risk Score for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Oldgren Jonas , Hijazi Ziad , Lindbäck Johan , Alexander John H. , Connolly Stuart J. , Eikelboom John W. , Ezekowitz Michael D. , Granger Christopher B. , Hylek Elaine M. , Lopes Renato D. , Siegbahn Agneta , Yusuf Salim , Wallentin Lars 
Published: August 2016

Background:

Atrial fibrillation is associated with increased but variable risk of stroke. Our aim was to validate the recently developed biomarker-based ABC (age, biomarkers [high-sensitivity troponin and N-terminal fragment B-type natriuretic peptide], and clinical history of prior stroke/transient ischemic attack)-stroke risk score and compare its performance with the CHA
2
DS
2
VASc and ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) risk scores.

Methods:
The ABC-stroke score includes age, biomarkers (N-terminal fragment B-type natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin), and clinical history (prior stroke). This validation was based on 8356 patients, 16 137 person-years of follow-up, and 219 adjudicated stroke or systemic embolic events in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation in the RE-LY study (Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy). Levels of N-terminal fragment B-type natriuretic peptide, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) were determined in plasma samples obtained at study entry.

Results:

The ABC-stroke score was well calibrated with 0.76 stroke/systemic embolic events per 100 person-years in the predefined low (<1%/y) risk group, 1.48 in the medium (1%–2%/y) risk group, and 2.60 in the high (>2%/y) risk group for the ABC-stroke score with hs-cTnT. Hazard ratios for stroke/systemic embolic events were 1.95 for medium- versus low-risk groups, and 3.44 for high- versus low-risk groups. ABC-stroke score achieved
C
indices of 0.65 with both hs-cTnT and hs-cTnI, in comparison with 0.60 for CHA
2
DS
2
VASc (
P
=0.004 for hs-cTnT and
P
=0.022 hs-cTnI) and 0.61 for ATRIA scores (
P
=0.005 hs-cTnT and
P
=0.034 for hs-cTnI).

Conclusions:

The biomarker-based ABC-stroke score was well calibrated and consistently performed better than both the CHA
2
DS
2
VASc and ATRIA stroke scores. The ABC score should be considered an improved decision support tool in the care of patients with atrial fibrillation.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifiers: ARISTOTLE, NCT00412984; RE-LY, NCT00262600.
Participant‐Reported Health Status Predicts Cardiovascular and All‐Cause Mortality Independent of Established and Nontraditional Biomarkers: Evidence From a Representative US Sample
Authors: Barger Steven D. , Cribbet Matthew R. , Muldoon Matthew F. 
Published: August 2016

Background

Participant‐reported health status is a key indicator of cardiovascular health, but its predictive value relative to traditional and nontraditional risk factors is unknown. We evaluated whether participant‐reported health status, as indexed by self‐rated health, predicted cardiovascular disease, and all‐cause mortality risk excess of 10‐year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (
ASCVD
) risk scores and 5 nontraditional risk biomarkers.

Methods and Results

Analyses used prospective observational data from the 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys among those aged 40 to 79 years (N=4677). Vital status was ascertained through 2011, during which there were 850 deaths, 206 from cardiovascular disease (
CVD
). We regressed
CVD
and all‐cause mortality on standardized values of self‐rated health in survival models, adjusting for age, sex, education, existing chronic disease, race/ethnicity,
ASCVD
risk, and standardized biomarkers (fibrinogen, C‐reactive protein [
CRP
], triglycerides, albumin, and uric acid). In sociodemographically adjusted models, a 1‐
SD
decrease in self‐rated health was associated with increased risk of
CVD
mortality (hazard ratio [
HR
], 1.92; 95%
CI
, 1.51–2.45;
P
<0.001), and this hazard remained strong after adjusting for
ASCVD
risk and nontraditional biomarkers (
HR
, 1.79; 95%
CI
, 1.42–2.26;
P
<0.001). Self‐rated health also predicted all‐cause mortality even after adjustment for
ASCVD
risk and nontraditional biomarkers (
HR
, 1.50; 95%
CI
, 1.35–1.66;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

Self‐rated health provides prognostic information beyond that captured by traditional
ASCVD
risk assessments and by nontraditional
CVD
biomarkers. Consideration of self‐rated health in combination with traditional risk factors may facilitate risk assessment and clinical care.
Frontal Cortex Supports the Early Structuring of Multiple Solution Steps in Symbolic Problem-solving
Authors: Tschentscher Nadja , Hauk Olaf 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Abstract problem-solving relies on a sequence of cognitive steps involving phases of task encoding, the structuring of solution steps, and their execution. On the neural level, metabolic neuroimaging studies have associated a frontal-parietal network with various aspects of executive control during numerical and nonnumerical problem-solving. We used EEG–MEG to assess whether frontal cortex contributes specifically to the early structuring of multiple solution steps. Basic multiplication (“3 × 4” vs. “3 × 24”) was compared with an arithmetic sequence rule (“first add the two digits, then multiply the sum with the smaller digit”) on two complexity levels. This allowed dissociating demands of early solution step structuring from early task encoding demands. Structuring demands were high for conditions that required multiple steps, that is, complex multiplication and the two arithmetic sequence conditions, but low for easy multiplication that mostly relied on direct memory retrieval. Increased right frontal activation in time windows between 300 and 450 msec was observed only for conditions that required multiple solution steps. General task encoding demands, operationalized by problem size (one-digit vs. two-digit numbers), did not predict these early frontal effects. In contrast, parietal effects occurred as a function of problem size irrespectively of structuring demands in early phases of task encoding between 100 and 300 msec. We here propose that frontal cortex subserves domain-general processes of problem-solving, such as the structuring of multiple solution steps, whereas parietal cortex supports number-specific early encoding processes that vary as a function of problem size.
Puerulus settlement of the spiny lobster, Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) along the Colombian Caribbean coast
Authors: Jaimes Juan C. , Trujillo Carlos A. , Cruz Raúl , Teixeira Carlos E. P. , Menezes María O. B. 
Published: August 2016

This study examines the settlement patterns of the Caribbean lobsterPanulirus argus(Latreille, 1804) on the continental shelf of Caribbean Colombia during a period of 16 months (December 2002-March 2004). Field studies of the puerulus settlement were performed using 20 submerged collectors between 10 and 11 m depth, at three locations (Taganga Bay, Pelícano Island and Pozos Colorados Bay) and five stations. Our goal was to collect information comparable among stations, to analyse the spatio-temporal variability of puerulus settlement, and to verify possible associations with the discharge of the Orinoco River and the regional oceanic circulation. The peak time of larval recruitment occurred in March and April, in July the influx of settlement was minimal, and a second peak occurred between August and November. We propose a hypothesis that the Panama-Colombia gyre (quasi-permanent) located in the southern Colombia Basin, could provide the mechanism that ensures self-recruitment of the stock in this region.
A comparison of perceptions of ‘modern-type’ and melancholic depression in Japan
Authors: Sakamoto Shinji , Yamakawa Itsuki , Muranaka Masaki 
Published: August 2016

Background: In Japan, psychiatrists have noted two different types of depression, traditional/melancholic depression and ‘modern-type’ depression (MTD). Although both the modern and the traditional types of depression overlap in regard to symptoms, these are two distinct syndromes, which can lead to confusion for Japanese people. Aims: This study aims to examine impressions of two types of depression using vignettes and clarify the differences in perceptions of the two types. Methods: The participants, 206 Japanese undergraduates, were presented with two vignettes, one describing a patient with traditional-type depression and the other describing a patient with MTD, and then were asked to answer questions regarding their perceptions of the patient. In order to control covariates (i.e. perceived severity and dysfunction of depression), analyses of covariance with repeated measures were administered. Results: People generally had more negative perceptions of the patient with MTD. For example, when the protagonist was the patient with MTD, people were more likely to avoid and less motivated to support the patient. Large differences were also found in causal attribution to internal and controllable causes. Conclusion: Negative impressions of the patient with MTD may be partly explained by causal attribution to internal and controllable factors.
The Influence of Evidence-Based Surgical Indications and Techniques on Failure Rates After Arthroscopic Shoulder Stabilization in the Contact or Collision Athlete With Anterior Shoulder Instability
Authors: Leroux Timothy S. , Saltzman Bryan M. , Meyer Maximilian , Frank Rachel M. , Bach Bernard R. , Cole Brian J. , Romeo Anthony A. , Verma Nikhil N. 
Published: August 2016

Background: It has been reported that arthroscopic shoulder stabilization yields higher rates of failure in contact or collision athletes as compared with open shoulder stabilization; however, this is largely based upon studies that do not employ modern, evidence-based surgical indications and techniques for arthroscopic shoulder stabilization. Purpose: To (1) determine the pooled failure rate across all studies reporting failure after primary arthroscopic shoulder stabilization for anterior shoulder instability in contact or collision athletes and (2) stratify failure rates according to studies that use evidence-based surgical indications and techniques. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: A review of PubMed, Medline, and Embase was performed to identify all clinical studies with a minimum of 1-year follow-up that reported failure rates after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization for anterior shoulder instability in contact or collision athletes. Data pertaining to patient demographics, clinical and radiographic preoperative assessment, surgical indications, surgical technique, rehabilitation, and outcome were collected from each included study. An overall failure rate was determined across all included studies. After this, a secondary literature review was performed to identify factors related to patient selection and surgical technique that significantly influence failure after primary arthroscopic shoulder stabilization. Failure rates were then determined among included studies that used these evidence-based indications and techniques. Results: Overall, 26 studies reporting on 779 contact or collision athletes met the inclusion criteria. The mean patient age was 19.9 years, 90.3% were male, and the most common sport was rugby. There was considerable variability in the reporting of patient demographics, preoperative assessment, surgical indications, surgical technique, and patient outcomes. Across all included studies, the pooled failure rate after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization in the contact or collision athlete was 17.8%; however, among studies that excluded patients with significant bone loss, used a minimum of 3 suture anchors, and performed the stabilization in the lateral decubitus position, the failure rate was 7.9%. Conclusion: The rate of failure after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization in contact or collision athletes decreases from 17.8% to 7.9% after the use of evidence-based surgical indications and techniques.
Why are developing country corporations more susceptible to the vicissitudes of international finance?
Authors: Palma José Gabriel 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAbout USD7 trillion of quantitative easing funds has flooded emerging markets since 2008. These funds, created to stimulate a recovery in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and to stabilise financial markets, ended up mostly as emerging markets’ corporate bonds and loans (often after being leveraged into many multiples of their original value). Not for the first time, emerging markets became the financial markets of last resort. These funds were then either mainly invested (Asia) or used (as in Latin America and South Africa) for almost anything except for creating additional productive capacities. Enquiries into these issues, especially how corporations financed their investment, were subjects that fascinated economist Ajit Singh. He was the first to find out that corporations in emerging markets relied much more on external finance than those in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (where retained profits played a major role). The implication was that they were likely to be more susceptible to the vicissitudes of financial markets, and these have become even more weird since quantitative easing, as Northern ‘investors’, in search for elusive yields, have been happy to take on ever higher risks, leverage and illiquidity in the South. This is a key difference between current global financial fragilities and those at the onset of the current global financial crisis in 2007. The stakes for emerging economies and international financial markets could scarcely be higher, but unfortunately these huge new challenges occur at the worst possible time, as our social imagination has seldom been so barren.
Contribution by Departments of Forensic Medicine to Tissue Donation for Transplant Purposes
Authors: Malm Torsten , Sandgren Åkerman Åsa , Greby Jesper , Odö Björn , Henriksson Bengt-Åke 
Published: August 2016

Background: A department of forensic medicine (DFM) can be a valuable source for tissue donation, but logistics can prove difficult to overcome as it pertains to obtaining tissues for donation. This article describes the potential of tissues that can be procured for transplantation. Materials and Methods: Sweden has 9.7 million inhabitants, with an annual mortality rate of 90 000 and 5500 medicolegal autopsies per year. Cooperation between tissue banking and 2 DFMs began in the mid-1980s. Recently, cooperation has expanded to include all six DFMs. All tissue establishments (TEs) were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning their cooperation with DFMs from 2011 through 2013. Results: A total of 298 actual donors were identified; 1090 tissues were procured including cardiovascular tissue, cornea, sclera, ear bones, and skin for transplantation. Of the tissues distributed, 553 were for transplantation and 72 for other medical purposes. Twenty-three percent of the tissues were discarded. Reasons for tissue rejection included deficient tissue quality (65%), positive serology tests (9%), positive bacteriology tests after decontamination procedures (7%), technical errors (<1%), and other reasons (18%). Conclusion: Nineteen percent of all tissues distributed for transplantation came from donors in DFMs. The cooperation between DFMs and TEs was described as well functioning and excellent. Education and national courses in tissue procurement for employees in DFMs are contributing factors to such positive interactions. The support from the National Board of Forensic Medicine is an important factor for sustainable progress.
Suture button reconstruction of the central band of the interosseous membrane in Essex-Lopresti lesions: a comparative biomechanical investigation
Authors: Hackl M. , Andermahr J. , Staat M. , Bremer I. , Borggrefe J. , Prescher A. , Müller L. P. , Wegmann K. 
Published: August 2016

Surgical reconstruction of the interosseous membrane may restore longitudinal forearm stability in Essex-Lopresti lesions. This study aimed to compare the longitudinal stability of the intact forearm with a single-bundle and a double-bundle reconstruction of the central band of the interosseous membrane using digital image correlation with a three-dimensional camera system. Single and cyclic axial loading of eight fresh-frozen forearm specimens was carried out in the intact state, after creation of an Essex-Lopresti lesion, after a single-bundle and after a double-bundle reconstruction of the central band using a TightRope® (Arthrex GmbH, Munich, Germany) construct. Instability significantly increased after creation of an Essex-Lopresti lesion. The stability of intact specimens was similar to both reconstruction techniques. The results of this study suggest that TightRope® reconstruction of the central band restores longitudinal forearm stability. However, the single-bundle technique may be less reliable than double-bundle reconstruction. Level of evidence: Basic Science Study
Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury in Neurocritical Care Patients Receiving Continuous Hypertonic Saline
Authors: Erdman Michael J. , Riha Heidi , Bode Lauren , Chang Jason J. , Jones G. Morgan 
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose: Continuous intravenous 3% hypertonic saline (HTS) infusions are commonly used for the management of cerebral edema following severe neurologic injuries. Despite widespread use, data regarding the incidence and predictors of nephrotoxicity are lacking. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence and identify predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in neurocritical care patients administered continuous infusion HTS. Methods: This was an institutional review board–approved, multicenter, retrospective cohort study of patients receiving HTS infusions at 2 academic medical centers. A univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify predictors of AKI. Data regarding AKI were evaluated during treatment with HTS and up to 24 hours after discontinuation. Results: A total of 329 patients were included in our analysis, with 54 (16%) developing AKI. Those who developed AKI experienced significantly longer stays in the intensive care unit (14.8 vs 11.5 days; P = .006) and higher mortality (48.1% vs 21.9%; P < .001). We identified past medical history of chronic kidney disease (odds ratio [OR]: 9.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9-50.6; P = .007), serum sodium greater than 155 mmol/L (OR: 4.1, 95% CI: 2.1-8.0; P < .001), concomitant administration of piperacillin/tazobactam (OR: 3.9, 95% CI: 1.7-9.3; P = .002), male gender (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.5-6.6; P = .002), and African American race (OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-5.2; P = .007) as independent predictors of AKI. Conclusion: Acute kidney injury is relatively common in patients receiving continuous HTS and may significantly impact clinical outcomes.
Identification of glycans on plasma-derived ADAMTS13
Authors: Verbij Fabian C. , Stokhuijzen Eva , Kaijen Paul H. P. , van Alphen Floris , Meijer Alexander B. , Voorberg Jan 
Published: August 2016

Key Points
ADAMTS13 contains complex type N-linked glycans, which contain terminal mannose, sialic acids, and fucose residues. TSP1 repeats are modified by O-fucosylation and C-mannosylation; O-fucosylation was also observed in the disintegrin domain.
Fusing literature and full network data improves disease similarity computation
Authors: Li Ping , Nie Yaling , Yu Jingkai 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Background
Identifying relatedness among diseases could help deepen understanding for the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of diseases, and facilitate drug repositioning projects. A number of methods for computing disease similarity had been developed; however, none of them were designed to utilize information of the entire protein interaction network, using instead only those interactions involving disease causing genes. Most of previously published methods required gene-disease association data, unfortunately, many diseases still have very few or no associated genes, which impeded broad adoption of those methods. In this study, we propose a new method (MedNetSim) for computing disease similarity by integrating medical literature and protein interaction network. MedNetSim consists of a network-based method (NetSim), which employs the entire protein interaction network, and a MEDLINE-based method (MedSim), which computes disease similarity by mining the biomedical literature.

Results
Among function-based methods, NetSim achieved the best performance. Its average AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) reached 95.2 %. MedSim, whose performance was even comparable to some function-based methods, acquired the highest average AUC in all semantic-based methods. Integration of MedSim and NetSim (MedNetSim) further improved the average AUC to 96.4 %. We further studied the effectiveness of different data sources. It was found that quality of protein interaction data was more important than its volume. On the contrary, higher volume of gene-disease association data was more beneficial, even with a lower reliability. Utilizing higher volume of disease-related gene data further improved the average AUC of MedNetSim and NetSim to 97.5 % and 96.7 %, respectively.

Conclusions
Integrating biomedical literature and protein interaction network can be an effective way to compute disease similarity. Lacking sufficient disease-related gene data, literature-based methods such as MedSim can be a great addition to function-based algorithms. It may be beneficial to steer more resources torward studying gene-disease associations and improving the quality of protein interaction data. Disease similarities can be computed using the proposed methods at http://www.digintelli.com:8000/.