bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KIF5A transports collagen vesicles of myofibroblasts during pleural fibrosis
Authors: Kamata Hirotoshi , Tsukasaki Yoshikazu , Sakai Tsuyoshi , Ikebe Reiko , Wang Julia , Jeffers Ann , Boren Jake , Owens Shuzi , Suzuki Takahiro , Higashihara Masaaki , Idell Steven , Tucker Torry A. , Ikebe Mitsuo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFibrosis involves the production of extracellular matrix proteins in tissues and is often preceded by injury or trauma. In pleural fibrosis excess collagen deposition results in pleural thickening, increased stiffness and impaired lung function. Myofibroblasts are responsible for increased collagen deposition, however the molecular mechanism of transportation of procollagen containing vesicles for secretion is unknown. Here, we studied the role of kinesin on collagen-1 (Col-1) containing vesicle transportation in human pleural mesothelial cells (HPMCs). Among a number of cargo transporting kinesins, KIF5A was notably upregulated during TGF-β induced mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MesoMT). Using superresolution structured illumination microscopy and the DUO-Link technique, we found that KIF5A colocalized with Col-1 containing vesicles. KIF5A knock-down significantly reduced Col-1 secretion and attenuated TGF-β induced increment in Col-1 localization at cell peripheries. Live cell imaging revealed that GFP-KIF5A and mCherry-Col-1 containing vesicles moved together. Kymography showed that these molecules continuously move with a mean velocity of 0.56 μm/sec, suggesting that the movement is directional but not diffusion limited process. Moreover, KIF5A was notably upregulated along with Col-1 and α-smooth muscle actin in pleural thickening in the carbon-black bleomycin mouse model. These results support our hypothesis that KIF5A is responsible for collagen transportation and secretion from HPMCs.
Dexamethasone induced inhibition of Dectin-1 activation of antigen presenting cells is mediated via STAT-3 and NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Kotthoff Philipp , Heine Annkristin , Held Stefanie Andrea Erika , Brossart Peter 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTreatment of patients with glucocorticoids can result in an increased risk of infection with pathogens such as fungi. Dectin-1 is a member of the C-type lectin receptor superfamily and was shown to be one of the major receptors for fungal beta-glucans. Activation of Dectin-1 increases the production of cytokines and chemokines and T-cell stimulatory capacity of DC and mediates resolution of fungal infections. Here we show that antigen-presenting cells generated in the presence of dexamethasone (Dex-DC) have a reduced capacity to stimulate T-cell proliferation and decreased expression of costimulatory molecules, that can not be enhanced upon stimulation with Dectin-1 ligands. Stimulation of Dex-DC with beta-glucans induced a strong upregulation of Syk phosphorylation and increased secretion of IL-10, while the production of IL-12, IL-23 and TNF-alpha was reduced. Downstream of Syk stimulation of Dectin-1 on Dex-DC resulted in phosphorylation of STAT3 and reduced nuclear localization of transcription factors involved in DC activation and function.
MR imaging features of benign retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas
Authors: Shen Yanguang , Zhong Yan , Wang Haiyi , Ma Lu , Wang Yingwei , Pan Jingjing , Zhang Kun , Sun Zhonghua , Ye Huiyi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe goal of this study was to retrospectively review the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas and to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of MRI. Twenty-four patients with confirmed benign retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas who underwent preoperative MRI and surgical resection were enrolled. The patients’ clinical characteristics and MRI features were reviewed by two radiologists. There were no significant differences in the qualitative and quantitative MRI features were determined by the reviewers. High signal intensity in T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was observed in all tumors. In contrast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) in the arterial phase, 83.33% of the tumors were clearly enhanced. In 87.5% of cases, a persistent enhancement pattern was observed in the venous and delayed phases, and 12.5% of tumors showed a “washout” pattern. The tumor capsule, intratumoral septum and degenerations were visualized in the tumors and may be helpful in the qualitative diagnosis of extra-adrenal paragangliomas in MRI. MRI was useful in locating the position, determining the tumor ranges and visualizing the relationship between the tumors and adjacent structures. The presence of typical clinical symptoms and positivity of biochemical tests are also important factors in making an accurate preoperative diagnosis.
In Vitro Assembly and Stabilization of Dengue and Zika Virus Envelope Protein Homo-Dimers
Authors: Metz Stefan W. , Gallichotte Emily N. , Brackbill Alex , Premkumar Lakshmanane , Miley Michael J. , Baric Ralph , de Silva Aravinda M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) and the 4 dengue virus (DENV) serotypes are mosquito-borne Flaviviruses that are associated with severe neuronal and hemorrhagic syndromes. The mature flavivirus infectious virion has 90 envelope (E) protein homo-dimers that pack tightly to form a smooth protein coat with icosahedral symmetry. Human antibodies that strongly neutralize ZIKV and DENVs recognize complex quaternary structure epitopes displayed on E-homo-dimers and higher order structures. The ZIKV and DENV E protein expressed as a soluble protein is mainly a monomer that does not display quaternary epitopes, which may explain the modest success with soluble recombinant E (sRecE) as a vaccine and diagnostic antigen. New strategies are needed to design recombinant immunogens that display these critical immune targets. Here we present two novel methods for building or stabilizing in vitro E-protein homo-dimers that display quaternary epitopes. In the first approach we immobilize sRecE to enable subsequent dimer generation. As an alternate method, we describe the use of human mAbs to stabilize homo-dimers in solution. The ability to produce recombinant E protein dimers displaying quaternary structure epitopes is an important advance with applications in flavivirus diagnostics and vaccine development.
The Effects of Lip-Closure Exercise on Lip Strength and Function Following Full Facial Transplantation: A Case Report
Authors: Perry Bridget J. , Richburg Brian D. , Pomahac Bohdan , Bueno Ericka M. , Green Jordan R. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Facial transplantation is a relatively new option for individuals with severe facial disfigurements. Clinical case studies on existing patients indicate many instances of persistent facial motor impairment for facial expression, speech, and swallowing. These preliminary findings motivate additional research on the impact of lip-strengthening exercises following facial transplantation.

Method
In this study, we assessed the efficacy of an 8-week, biofeedback-driven, lip closure–strengthening exercise program in a single patient 1-year status post–full facial transplantation. Exercise was at 60% of peak strength. Outcome measures included instrumental measures of lip strength and mobility, clinical measures of speech, and patient-reported outcomes in feeding and facial expression.

Results
Results revealed improvements in labial strength, speed of lip movement, and range of motion during speech. A 3-point improvement in sentence speech intelligibility was also observed following strength-training exercise. The patient reported improvements in her ability to drink from a straw and communicate via facial expression.

Conclusion
These preliminary findings motivate additional research on the efficacy of lip-strengthening exercises following facial transplantation.
Quantification and Systematic Characterization of Stuttering-Like Disfluencies in Acquired Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Bailey Dallin J. , Blomgren Michael , DeLong Catharine , Berggren Kiera , Wambaugh Julie L. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this article is to quantify and describe stuttering-like disfluencies in speakers with acquired apraxia of speech (AOS), utilizing the Lidcombe Behavioural Data Language (LBDL). Additional purposes include measuring test–retest reliability and examining the effect of speech sample type on disfluency rates.

Method
Two types of speech samples were elicited from 20 persons with AOS and aphasia: repetition of mono- and multisyllabic words from a protocol for assessing AOS (Duffy, 2013), and connected speech tasks (Nicholas & Brookshire, 1993). Sampling was repeated at 1 and 4 weeks following initial sampling. Stuttering-like disfluencies were coded using the LBDL, which is a taxonomy that focuses on motoric aspects of stuttering.

Results
Disfluency rates ranged from 0% to 13.1% for the connected speech task and from 0% to 17% for the word repetition task. There was no significant effect of speech sampling time on disfluency rate in the connected speech task, but there was a significant effect of time for the word repetition task. There was no significant effect of speech sample type.

Conclusions
Speakers demonstrated both major types of stuttering-like disfluencies as categorized by the LBDL (fixed postures and repeated movements). Connected speech samples yielded more reliable tallies over repeated measurements. Suggestions are made for modifying the LBDL for use in AOS in order to further add to systematic descriptions of motoric disfluencies in this disorder.
Identification and Remediation of Phonological and Motor Errors in Acquired Sound Production Impairment
Authors: Buchwald Adam , Gagnon Bernadine , Miozzo Michele 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThis study aimed to test whether an approach to distinguishing errors arising in phonological processing from those arising in motor planning also predicts the extent to which repetition-based training can lead to improved production of difficult sound sequences.MethodFour individuals with acquired speech production impairment who produced consonant cluster errors involving deletion were examined using a repetition task. We compared the acoustic details of productions with deletion errors in target consonant clusters to singleton consonants. Changes in accuracy over the course of the study were also compared.ResultsTwo individuals produced deletion errors consistent with a phonological locus of the errors, and 2 individuals produced errors consistent with a motoric locus of the errors. The 2 individuals who made phonologically driven errors showed no change in performance on a repetition training task, whereas the 2 individuals with motoric errors improved in their production of both trained and untrained items.ConclusionsThe results extend previous findings about a metric for identifying the source of sound production errors in individuals with both apraxia of speech and aphasia. In particular, this work may provide a tool for identifying predominant error types in individuals with complex deficits.
A Novel Investigation of Generalized Motor Program Theory: Syllable Stress as a Motor-Class Variable
Authors: Meigh Kimberly M. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This experiment evaluated syllable-stress position as a motor class directed by a syllable-sized generalized motor program. Reaction times were predicted to be slower for stimuli with untrained stress patterns outside the trained motor class. Furthermore, reaction times were predicted to be stable for untrained stimuli within the same motor class regardless of phonetic similarity.

Method
Twenty-three young adults with typical speech and hearing participated in a motor-learning study comprised of motor-class training and a judgment task. Reaction times derived from the judgment task were evaluated using a within-subject repeated-measures design to evaluate the effects of syllable-stress position on stimulus type.

Results
Reaction times were not significantly different across proposed syllable-stress motor-class boundaries. However, reaction times for the stimuli within the same motor class were significantly different. To be specific, slower reaction times were associated with untrained stimuli that were phonetically similar to the trained stimuli.

Conclusions
The proposed hypotheses for syllable stress as a motor class were not met. Results indicate that multiple stimulus features, including syllable stress and phoneme similarity, may be encoded into memory during motor learning. Future research should evaluate how phonetic similarity of stimuli may influence motor-learning outcomes.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5116837
Disputes in the Declaration of Brain Death: A Case Illustration
Authors: Peterson Eleanor 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDeath by neurologic criteria is a legal definition upheld in all 50 states in the United States. Confusion among the public may cause the declaration of death to be disputed and the removal of physiologic support delayed. In this report, a case is described of an infant who died from traumatic brain injury, but whose removal from respiratory and cardiovascular support was delayed due to a legal injunction brought forth from his family against the hospital. In addition, ethical issues faced by the health care team are discussed surrounding continuing medical therapies for a patient after the declaration of death.
DNA methylation markers for diagnosis and prognosis of common cancers
Authors: Hao Xiaoke , Luo Huiyan , Krawczyk Michal , Wei Wei , Wang Wenqiu , Wang Juan , Flagg Ken , Hou Jiayi , Zhang Heng , Yi Shaohua , Jafari Maryam , Lin Danni , Chung Christopher , Caughey Bennett A. , Li Gen , Dhar Debanjan , Shi William , Zheng Lianghong , Hou Rui , Zhu Jie , Zhao Liang , Fu Xin , Zhang Edward , Zhang Charlotte , Zhu Jian-Kang , Karin Michael , Xu Rui-Hua , Zhang Kang 
Published: June 2017

Significance
The ability to identify a specific cancer using minimally invasive biopsy holds great promise for improving diagnosis and prognosis. We evaluated the utility of DNA methylation profiles for differentiating tumors and normal tissues for four common cancers (lung, breast, colon, and liver) and found that they could differentiate cancerous tissue from normal tissue with >95% accuracy. This signature also correctly identified 19 of 20 breast cancer metastases and 29 of 30 colorectal cancer metastases to the liver. We report that methylation patterns can predict the prognosis and survival, with good correlation between differential methylation of CpG sites and expression of cancer-associated genes. Their findings demonstrate the utility of methylation biomarkers for the molecular characterization, diagnosis, and prognosis of cancer.
Linguistic landscape of Gezi Park protests in Turkey
Authors: Seloni Lisya , Sarfati Yusuf 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Gezi Park protests that rocked Turkey in 2013 left a significant mark in the country’s collective memory and contributed to the construction of a new language of political resistance. To challenge an increasingly authoritarian government, the protesters used novel repertoires of contention, particularly political graffiti. To better understand different types of linguistic and symbolic communication tools used in the public space during Gezi Park protests and their impact on different set of audiences, this article explores the following research questions: (i) What indexical properties are used in the languages used in graffiti, and what do they mean for understanding the various audiences that the protesters engaged? (ii) What counter-narratives are created in the graffiti produced during Gezi Park protests?
Development of Electrodeposited Zn/nano-TiO2 Composite Coatings with Enhanced Corrosion Performance
Authors: Benea L , Dănăilă E 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Pure zinc coatings have been found ineffective when are used in aggressive environments such as those which contain chlorides or industrial pollutants [1]. In this paper, Zn/nano-TiO2 composite coatings with various contents of TiO2 nanoparticles (diameter size of 10 nm) were prepared on low-carbon steel by electro-codeposition technique. The deposition was carried out at different cathodic potentials ranging from −1600 mV to −2100 mV for different deposition times between 5-15 min. Pure Zn coatings were also produced under the same experimental conditions for comparison. Present work aims to investigate the effects of selected electrodeposition parameters (cathodic potential, TiO2 nanoparticle concentration in the plating bath and electrodeposition time) on the corrosion behavior of electrodeposited Zn/nano-TiO2 composite obtained. The corrosion experiments were performed in natural seawater, using electrochemical methods such as open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization and linear polarization resistance. The results showed that the inclusion of TiO2 nanoparticles into zinc matrix lead to an improved corrosion resistance comparatively with pure zinc coatings obtained under similar conditions.
Lichenoid Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: Garrido Maria Concepción , Maroñas-Jimenez Lidia , Ortiz Pablo Luis , Rodriguez-Peralto Jose Luis 
Published: June 2017

Abstract:
The presence of a granulomatous reaction in cutaneous lymphomas has been described in the past, especially in mycosis fungoides (MF), where a “granulomatous” variant of the disease is well known. We describe a patient with granulomatous MF (GMF) who has been followed for 13 years presenting with erythematosquamous plaques on his fingers and toes, ankles, heels, and abdomen, which on microscopic examination showed a lichenoid granulomatous reaction admixed with a neoplastic proliferation of small-sized, atypical CD4+ lymphocytes. GMF is characterized by a granulomatous reaction intermingled with the dermal infiltrate of MF which may even reach the subcutaneous tissue. Only 7 cases of GMF in which the granulomas were located within the papillary or superficial dermis have been described to date. We report for the first time a unique case of lichenoid GMF where the granulomatous reaction obscures the interface between the epidermis and dermis. Sequential biopsies and complete phenotypic studies were necessary to get an accurate diagnosis.
Fatty Acid Synthase and Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Are Expressed in Nodal Metastatic Melanoma But Not in Benign Intracapsular Nodal Nevi
Authors: Saab Jad , Santos-Zabala Maria Laureana , Loda Massimo , Stack Edward C. , Hollmann Travis J. 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Melanoma is a potentially lethal form of skin cancer for which the current standard therapy is complete surgical removal of the primary tumor followed by sentinel lymph node biopsy when indicated. Histologic identification of metastatic melanoma in a sentinel node has significant prognostic and therapeutic implications, routinely guiding further surgical management with regional lymphadenectomy. While melanocytes in a lymph node can be identified by routine histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination, the distinction between nodal nevus cells and melanoma can be morphologically problematic. Previous studies have shown that malignant melanoma can over-express metabolic genes such as fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). This immunohistochemical study aims to compare the utility of FASN and ACC in differentiating sentinel lymph nodes with metastatic melanomas from those with benign nodal nevi in patients with cutaneous melanoma.

Materials and Methods:
Using antibodies against FASN and ACC, 13 sentinel lymph nodes from 13 patients with metastatic melanoma and 14 lymph nodes harboring benign intracapsular nevi from 14 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma were examined. A diagnosis of nodal melanoma was based on cytologic atypia and histologic comparison with the primary melanoma. All nodal nevi were intracapsular and not trabecular. Immunohistochemistry for Melan-A, S100, human melanoma black 45 (HMB45), FASN, and ACC were performed. The percentage of melanocytes staining with HMB45, FASN, and ACC was determined and graded in 25% increments; staining intensity was graded as weak, moderate, or strong.

Results:
All metastatic melanomas tested had at least 25% tumor cell staining for both FASN and ACC. Greater than 75% of the tumor cells stained with FAS in 7/13 cases and for ACC in 5/12 cases. Intensity of staining was variable; strong staining for FASN and ACC was observed in 69% and 50% of metastatic melanoma, respectively. HMB45 was negative in 40% of nodal melanoma cases all of which stained with FASN and ACC. Capsular nevi were uniformly negative for FASN, ACC, and HMB45 immunoreactivity.

Conclusions:
All metastatic melanoma cases involving sentinel lymph nodes were positive for FASN and ACC while no staining was observed in intracapsular nevi. These findings suggest that FASN and ACC could be used as valuable ancillary stains in the distinction between nodal nevi and metastatic melanoma.
Detection of Beta–Human Papillomavirus in a Child With Polyomavirus-Associated Trichodysplasia Spinulosa
Authors: Kadam Pooja , Pan Teddy , Gates Rachelle , Rivetz Jessica , Rady Peter , Tyring Stephen , Carlson John A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract:
Viral associated trichodysplasia spinulosa (VATS) is a rare cutaneous eruption characterized by folliculocentric papules, keratin spicules, and alopecia associated with trichodysplasia spinulosa–associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) infection. We report a case of a 6-year-old male child who presented with a generalized papular eruption during chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The papules were tested for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and TSPyV using PCR and gene sequencing studies. The lesions were positive for TSPyV by PCR combined with sequencing and showed high copy number with real-time PCR, and beta-papillomavirus was identified by PCR and sequencing. Immunohistochemistry revealed inner root sheath keratinocytes expressing nuclear HPV L1 capsid antigen. To our knowledge, this is the first case of concomitant productive HPV and TSPyV infection in a VATS-affected patient. The presence of HPV may be coincidental, however, further studies are needed to establish whether specific HPV genotypes influence the development of abnormal inner root sheath trichohyalin granules found in VATS.
The Histopathological Spectrum of Pseudolymphomatous Infiltrates in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Pereira Amanda , Ferrara Gerardo , Calamaro Paola , Cota Carlo , Massone Cesare , Boggio Francesca , Prieto-Torres Lucia , Cerroni Lorenzo 
Published: June 2017

Abstract:
The occurrence of pseudolymphomatous infiltrates in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (cLE) is described mainly in lupus panniculitis and lupus tumidus/lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (Jessner–Kanof). We collected 15 cases of pseudolymphomatous cLE other than lupus panniculitis and lupus tumidus (M:F = 4:11; age range: 23–79 years; mean age: 50.9 years; median age: 57 years). Of the 15 cases, 9 (60%) were characterized by dense nodular infiltrates. Three cases (20%) showed an angiocentric pattern with cytological atypia of lymphoid cells; 2 cases (13.3%) showed a band-like infiltrate mimicking mycosis fungoides, and 1 case had mixed features of the band-like and angiocentric patterns. Clues to the histopathological diagnosis of cLE were presence of interface dermatitis, clusters of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and dermal mucin deposition. Our study shows that the spectrum of pseudolymphomatous presentations of cLE is broader than previously described, including band-like cases that may be misconstrued as mycosis fungoides, and angiocentric cases that may be misinterpreted as an aggressive lymphoma. Recognition of such cases is possible only on careful clinicopathologic correlation and requires a high level of histopathological suspicion to allow a correct diagnosis and the proper management of the patients.