bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Interleukin-6 Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Dutta Shantanu , Haque Mahmudul , Islam MD Hafizul , Chowdhury Pratik , Mushtaree Sheikh Shafatin , Chowdhury Nasreen 
Published: September 2024

Background: It has been suggested that inflammatory processes play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Individuals who develop type 2 diabetes show signs of low-grade inflammation years before disease onset. This low-grade inflammation has been assumed to be implicated in the pathogenetic mechanisms that cause type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Inflammatory mediators such as the IL-6 family of cytokines have been proposed to be involved in the events that lead to type 2 diabetes. IL-6 has immunoregulatory actions been proposed to affect glucose homeostasis and metabolism directly and indirectly by action on skeletal muscle cells, adipocytes, hepatocytes, pancreatic b-cells and neuroendocrine cells. Many studies have suggested the role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, no references have been observed in Bangladesh regarding IL-6 and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It thus may highlight the importance of low-grade inflammation in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate type 2 diabetes patients' levels of interleukin-6.
Materials and methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry Chittagong Medical College, Department of Endocrinology of Chittagong Medical College Hospital and Chattogram Diabetic Hospital. One hundred (100) type 2 diabetes mellitus patient was included in the study by nonprobability consecutive sampling. Important variables in this study were serum IL-6, BMI, waist circumference and duration of Diabetes Mellitus.
Results: The mean serum IL-6 level was 10.08±0.39 pg/ml in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Serum IL-6 was positively correlated (r 0.33, p <0.01) with waist circumference and duration of diabetes mellitus (r 0.26, p <0.05). The mean IL-6 was significantly different between BMI groups (F (2,97) =5.39, p=0.006) and was higher in the obese group (10.52±4.00) compared to the overweight and normal BMI (6.78±1.95) and overweight (8.08±3.15) group.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that type 2 diabetes mellitus patients had increased serum levels of IL-6. It can give an insight into the possible role of sub clinical inflammation among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
IAHS Medical Journal Volume 6(2) December 2023; 53-57
The Effect of Intrathecal Anesthesia during Emergency Caesarean Section for Severe Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ahmed Sheikh Rukun Uddin 
Published: September 2024

Background: Severe preeclampsia and eclampsia are common in Bangladesh and are one of the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study is to observe the effect and hazards of intrathecal anesthesia for the mangement of caesarean section for severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia patients. Management of these patients is very much important for the strenuous obstetrician and anesthesiologist both.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesiology and ICU of the IAHS (Institute of Applied Health Sciences) Chattogram from January 2022 to December 2022. Total 50 ASA grade 1 or 11, aged between 18-40 years, need urgent LSCS of 1-2 hours duration cases were selected purposively for intrathecal anesthesia. Patients with known cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, fetal distress, severe maternal distress, uncontrolled DM, presence of any contraindication, patient’s refusal for SAB, septicemia, BP>170/120 mmhg, altered coagulation profile, APH, IUD were excluded from this study.
Results: Among the study subjects, 30(59.68%) cases were primigravida patients- out of which five had severe pre eclampsia and 25 had eclampsia. Intraoperative shivering was observed in 18(29.03%) cases, postoperative shivering was observed in 16(25.80%) cases. Acute renal failure was found in 3(6%) cases, HELLP syndrome 10%, DIC 8%, abruption placentae 14%, pulmonary edema 4%, septicemia 16%, PPH 12% and postpartum eclampsia 22% cases. Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes in severe PET was observed in 04(6.45%) cases and eclampsia in 07 (14.51%) cases. Among them 10(20.96%) were eclamptic and 02(4.83%) had PET. p value was found 0.000 which is very highly significant.
Conclusion: The outcome results of intrathecal anesthesia is better than general anesthesia.
IAHS Medical Journal Volume 6(2) December 2023; 58-63
Education Failure Education Failure: Untold Tales of Bangladeshi Transgender’s Unquenchable Educational Aspirations
Authors: Islam Sadikul , Rahaman Muhammed Mahbubur , Rahman Md Arifur 
Published: September 2024

This study examines the undocumented narratives around the persistent desire for education among transgender individuals in Bangladesh, highlighting the challenges they have encountered in their academic pursuits. Through an analysis of the stories provided by eight adult transgender participants, this research identifies noteworthy factors that have led to the disparity observed in the educational aspirations of transgender individuals. In conjunction with in-depth interviews and interpretive phenomenological analysis, a narrative inquiry approach was utilized to acquire a comprehensive comprehension of the participants' viewpoints regarding educational aspirations. The results of the study indicate several significant factors that contribute to the diminished educational aspirations of transgender students. The results of the study indicate several significant factors that contribute to the diminished educational aspirations of transgender students, such as falsified sex identity, social stigmas, bullying, abuse and harassment, teachers' ignorance and unhelpful behavior, economic hardship and poverty, and unfavorable learning environments. The findings have highlighted the need for more open and accepting environments for transgender children and young adults, particularly in family and educational settings.
Teacher’s World: Journal of Education and Res arch, 50(1): 7-20
Linguistic Politeness while Exercising Teacher-power in the English Language Classrooms in Bangladesh
Authors: Al-Mamun Abdullah , Shaha Rahul Chandra 
Published: September 2024

This study is an attempt to understand the impact of politeness principles used by the teachers while exercising certain powers in their classes. In a language classroom, a teacher has to perform several roles, e.g. instructional, motivational, evaluative, and managerial. These roles associate a teacher in the milieu of exercising power (i.e. legitimate, referent, expert, reward, and coercive) in his/her classes. A teacher exercises powers through interactions. Effective interaction depends on appropriate use of politeness strategies. In this study, a mixed method approach has been used for collecting data. Four undergraduate level English classes of two teachers in two different universities within Dhaka city have been observed. The utterances of teachers have been scrutinized in order to identify teachers’ linguistic behaviour. The researcher recorded teachers’ utterances as qualitative data. Reduced data from classroom observations has been translated with a view to locating different types of powers exercised by the teachers. Questionnaire surveys have been used to collect quantitative data. This study has identified different types of power exercised by the teachers in their classes. Besides, it has provided a glimpse to what extent politeness strategies are being used by the teachers intentionally or unintentionally in order to save their students’ faces. Finally, the study has tried to show students’ perceptions towards teachers’ politeness and power exercise.
Teacher’s World: Journal of Education and Res arch, 50(1): 79-94
Collaborative Action Research in a Northern Early Childhood Educator Program: Professional Learning of Instructors and Interns
Authors: McDonald Erica , Simpson Charlene , McGregor Sarah , Peterson Shelley Stagg , Eisazadeh Nazila 
Published: September 2024

This collaborative action research, carried out by early childhood education interns, with the support of their instructor and two university researchers, shows the empowerment of postsecondary students that occurs when they are responsible for designing and implementing research projects tailored to their placement contexts. The early childhood educator interns took up a stance as reflective practitioners who developed professional skills and knowledge in an area that was meaningful to them—teaching young children their Indigenous language. The interns shared responsibility for their learning with their instructor, who was also conducting research into her practice, gathering data to identify the impact of her new teaching approach on interns’ learning. The simultaneous use of collaborative action research methods at the instructor and intern levels provides research-based information for the larger professional field. Additionally, the college instructor and the student interns are positioned as research-practitioners who use action research to support their professional growth.
MONSTER GLOBAL, KETAKUTAN LOKAL: KISAH HANTU DAN INGATAN KOLEKTIF WARGA KOTA
Authors: Al-Ulya Kalimatullah , Budiman Rido 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini membahas karakter horor yang dihadirkan kembali dalam bentukcerita lisan, gambar komik, film dan sinetron, serta rumah hantu. Dari representasikarakter horor tersebut dapat ditemukan satu budaya dengan budaya lainnyasaling bercampur, yaitu budaya horor global dan budaya horor lokal. Akhirnya,pelokalan karakter horor global pun semakin populer di Indonesia. Di Bekasiditemukan beberapa praktek pelokalan karakter horor global melalui perayaanHalloween di mal-mal Bekasi. Walaupun segala bentuk praktek pelokalankarakter horor global terjadi, ada pula yang mencoba untuk mengangkat kembalicerita horor lokal Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini fenomena tersebut dianalisisdengan mempertanyakan bagaimana hantu dimaknai oleh masyarakat Bekasiketika dihadirkan kembali di sebuah ruang dan media dan bagaimana fenomenaitu mempengaruhi budaya lokal dan masyarakat Bekasi. Metode analisisetnografis, visual, dan tekstual digunakan untuk membahas penelitian ini. Hasildari penelitian ini adalah adanya persaingan antara budaya horor global danbudaya horor lokal di kota Bekasi.

This study discusses the horror characters that are represented in the form of oralstories, images, movies and TV series, and haunted houses. From therepresentation of the horror characters can be found that one culture with otherculture are intermingled, in this case global horror culture and local horrorculture. Finally, the localization of global horror characters is increasinglypopular in Indonesia. In Bekasi some of these practices are found throughHalloween celebrations at Bekasi malls. Although the practices of localizingglobal horror characters occur, there are some people who try to raise the storyof local Indonesian horror. This study analyze this phenomenon by questioninghow ghosts are interpreted by the people of Bekasi when it represented in a spaceand media and how the phenomenon affects the local culture and society ofBekasi. Ethnographic, visual, and textual analysis methods are used to discussthis research. The result of this research is the existence of competition betweenglobal horror culture and local horror culture in Bekasi.
KOMUNIKASI PARTISIPATIF DALAM PEMBENTUKKAN KAMPOENG WISATA BISNIS TEGALWARU (KWBT) DI KECAMATAN CIAMPEA KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Khadijah Siti 
Published: September 2024

Participative communication offersmethods to do the development with the society by involving the local community and understand the local settings.
One of the programs, especially economic empowerment involving local communities is the establishment of Kampoeng Wisata Bisnis Tegalwaru (KWBT). Participative communication methods performed by direct dialogue with the whole villagers of Tegalwaru. Ibu Tatiek not only came to the village but also to villagers who had home industry.
The research method used is qualitative method by using descriptive qualitative analysis study. The unit of analysis is Yayasan Kuntum Indonesia (YKI) in Tegalwaru Kecamatan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor. The observation unit is the chairman of yayasan Kuntum Indonesia (YKI) and representative of UMKM (micro, small and medium enterprises) who have joined in the Wisata Bisnis Tegalwaru area (KWBT).
Kampoeng Wisata Tegalwaru (KWBT) formed in 2011. The idea to establish it initiated by Tatiek Kancaniati through Yayasan Kuntum Indonesia (YKI) as a form of her care and concern as a Tegalwaru villager. She saw the potential and local resources that currently was not optimally empowered and strive looking for solutions to improve Tegalwaru villager who already had a home industry. What have Tatiek done is a form of participation. Principles run by YKI to improve the lives of Tegalwaru rural communities (UMKM) Tegalwaru is equality of status, thus, the nature of the relationship between YKI and the society are paertnership. Participative communication participatory communication process has been carried out to some of the authorities that starts from the pre preparation, preparation until KWBT formed in 2011
STRATEGI PROMOSI DALAM MEMBANGUN BRAND MEDIA MANDIRI (STUDI KASUS DONATUR MEDIA MANDIRI)
Authors: Rosmalah D.K Kartini 
Published: September 2024

Media Mandiri is a new brand of service marketing which offers scholarship in the field of proselytizer and entrepreneurship. The interesting thing is that the marketing communication used to promote is the students who had the scholarship, their responsibility as the personal selling team of Media Mandiri are searching for the donor. The objective in this research is to find out promotion strategy to build brand of Media Mandiri. The theory used in this research is IMC and Brand Equity by David A. Aaker. Paradigm in the research is constructivist. Meanwhile, the method used is qualitative single case study that is donors of Media Mandiri. The result of study: (1) Time conditional: by personal selling (presentation) and advertising in the form of the distribution of brochures during the presentation and dissemination outlets to shops and restaurants. Now, the Media Mandiri indirectly does brand awareness, brand association, and brand loyalty to the donors. (2) Time temporal: the spread of advertising (piggy bank) and sales promotion (keychain) in the month of Ramadan. While Khataman Quran recitation event conducted in accordance with the request of donors, so it is temporary only. In this promotional activity, Media Mandiri are doing perceived quality and brand loyalty to the donors. That is how the quality of the impression formed donors see the Media Mandiri, so it is showed that brand loyalty on the part of donors to the Media Mandiri
Improving English Communicative Competence at Tertiary Level of Education in Industrial Revolution 4.0 using Co-Trainers Program
Authors: Setyowati Ratini 
Published: September 2024

English communicative competence is needed in this Industrial Revolution 4.0. Indonesia must prepare the high-skill categories needs for every aspect because it causes transformation. Therefore English Communicative Competence is one of the priorities at Tertiary Level of Education. The researchers designed English teaching model called Co-Trainers Program. The ojectives of the study were to explain the design of the Co-Trainers program and to describe the result of Co-Trainers program implementation at Tertiary Level of Education in order to improve English Communicative Competence. This research used descriptive qualitative method. This research describes and elaborates Co-Trainers program to improve English Communicative Competence. The research was done in two semesters. The populations of the research were Medical Records students in academic years 2018/2019 from they were at the first semester and at the second semester. There were 327 students. To get the data, the researchers used interview, questionnaires, and an oral test (pre-test and post-test). The result of the study is Co-Trainers program can improve students’ communicative competence, the average score of the students is getting better, their communicative competence was fair become good. Good means their communication is mostly fluent; a few unnatural pauses; fairly comprehensible. The Co-trainers program can be applied continously.
Governance of carbon dioxide removal: an AI-enhanced systematic map of the scientific literature
Authors: Lück Sarah , Mohn Anna , Lamb William F. 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionFor limiting global warming to well below 2°C rapid and stringent GHG emissions reductions are required. In addition, we also need to actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere via carbon dioxide removal (CDR). This will require advances in policymaking and governance to incentivise, coordinate and regulate CDR, including strict monitoring to ensure durable, additional removals that do not compete with emission reduction efforts. While it is critical to learn from the existing evidence on CDR policy and governance, there is no overview of this dispersed body of literature right now. IPCC and other science assessments have therefore treated the subject very selectively. This work addresses this lack of overview by systematically mapping the literature assessing policy and governance dimensions of CDR.MethodsSystematic mapping provides a comprehensive view of a research field by analysing the state of evidence, i.e. how much research is available at any point in time on which topics and geographies studied by whom, when and where. We use an AI-enhanced approach to systematic mapping, trimming down an initial set of about 30,000 documents on CDR to a set of 876 that deal with governance and policy issues.ResultsOur findings show sharply growing attention to CDR policies and governance issues over time, but with limited coverage of the Global South. Long established conventional CDR methods such as afforestation dominate the literatureparticularly in ex-post studies -with little coverage of many novel CDR methods, such as biochar or direct air carbon capture and storage. We observe a shift from an initial discussion on CDR in international agreements towards the planning and implementation phase of national and sub-national policies.DiscussionOur map can help to inform upcoming science assessments with critical information around CDR policies and governance and might serve as a starting point for generating a rigorous knowledge base on the topic in the future.
Pediatric RVOT reconstruction with ePTFE trileaflet valved conduits: a dual-center Chinese study
Authors: Luo Kai , Zhang Qi-Liang , Zhang Xiao-Yang , Zhou Zi-Jie , Pan Yan-Jun , Zhu Zhong-Qun , Chen Qiang , Zheng Jing-Hao , He Xiao-Min , Zhang Wei 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the early to mid-term clinical efficacy of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) trileaflet valved conduits in pediatric right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction for congenital heart disease.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients who underwent right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction using ePTFE trileaflet valved conduits at two cardiac centers in China, between January 2017 and June 2023. The main assessment criterion was the functionality of the prosthetic pulmonary valve conduit.ResultsA total of 162 pediatric patients were included, with follow-up periods ranging from 0.1 to 5 years post-discharge, and a median follow-up duration of 1 year (interquartile range: 1, 2). Three patients (1.9%) required re-operation due to conduit obstruction. During follow-up, pulmonary valve flow velocities were recorded as &lt;3 m/s in 134 patients (82.7%), between 3 and 4 m/s in 24 patients (14.8%), and &gt;4 m/s in 4 patient (2.5%). Mild pulmonary valve regurgitation was noted in 148 patients (91.4%), and moderate pulmonary valve regurgitation was noted in 14 patients (8.6%), with no instances of more than moderate pulmonary valve regurgitation.ConclusionThe ePTFE trileaflet valved conduit, known for its accessibility and simplicity in manufacturing, demonstrates favorable early to mid-term clinical outcomes in pediatric RVOT reconstruction.
The user-centered design and development of a childhood and adolescent obesity Electronic Health Record tool, a mixed-methods study
Authors: Bosworth K. Taylor , Ghosh Parijat , Flowers Lauren , Proffitt Rachel , Koopman Richelle J. , Tosh Aneesh K. , Wilson Gwen , Braddock Amy S. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundChildhood and adolescent obesity are persistent public health issues in the United States. Childhood obesity Electronic Health Record (EHR) tools strengthen provider-patient relationships and improve outcomes, but there are currently limited EHR tools that are linked to adolescent mHealth apps. This study is part of a larger study entitled, CommitFit, which features both an adolescent-targeted mobile health application (mHealth app) and an ambulatory EHR tool. The CommitFit mHealth app was designed to be paired with the CommitFit EHR tool for integration into clinical spaces for shared decision-making with patients and clinicians.ObjectivesThe objective of this sub-study was to identify the functional and design needs and preferences of healthcare clinicians and professionals for the development of the CommitFit EHR tool, specifically as it relates to childhood and adolescent obesity management.MethodsWe utilized a user-centered design process with a mixed-method approach. Focus groups were used to assess current in-clinic practices, deficits, and general beliefs and preferences regarding the management of childhood and adolescent obesity. A pre- and post-focus group survey helped assess the perception of the design and functionality of the CommitFit EHR tool and other obesity clinic needs. Iterative design development of the CommitFit EHR tool occurred throughout the process.ResultsA total of 12 healthcare providers participated throughout the three focus group sessions. Two themes emerged regarding EHR design: (1) Functional Needs, including Enhancing Clinical Practices and Workflow, and (2) Visualization, including Colors and Graphs. Responses from the surveys (n = 52) further reflect the need for Functionality and User-Interface Design by clinicians. Clinicians want the CommitFit EHR tool to enhance in-clinic adolescent lifestyle counseling, be easy to use, and presentable to adolescent patients and their caregivers. Additionally, we found that clinicians preferred colors and graphs that improved readability and usability. During each step of feedback from focus group sessions and the survey, the design of the CommitFit EHR tool was updated and co-developed by clinicians in an iterative user-centered design process.ConclusionMore research is needed to explore clinician actual user analytics for the CommitFit EHR tool to evaluate real-time workflow, design, and function needs. The effectiveness of the CommitFit mHealth and EHR tool as a weight management intervention needs to be evaluated in the future.