bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid vortex simulations of wind turbines using a three‐dimensional viscous–inviscid panel method
Authors: Ramos‐García Néstor , Hejlesen Mads Mølholm , Sørensen Jens Nørkær , Walther Jens Honoré 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA hybrid filament‐mesh vortex method is proposed and validated to predict the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine rotors and to simulate the resulting wake. Its novelty consists of using a hybrid method to accurately simulate the wake downstream of the wind turbine while reducing the computational time used by the method. The proposed method uses a hybrid approach, where the near wake is resolved by using vortex filaments, which carry the vorticity shed by the trailing edge of the blades. The interaction of the vortex filaments in the near vicinity of the wind turbine is evaluated using a direct calculation, whereas the contribution from the large downstream wake is calculated using a mesh‐based method. The hybrid method is first validated in detail against the well‐known MEXICO experiment, using the direct filament method as a comparison. The second part of the validation includes a study of the influence of the time‐integration scheme used for evolving the wake in time, aeroelastic simulations of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory 5 MW wind turbine and an analysis of the central processing unit time showing the gains of using the hybrid filament‐mesh method. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Primary Recurrence in the Lung is Related to Favorable Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer and Postoperative Recurrence
Authors: Zheng Biao , Ohuchida Kenoki , Yan Zilong , Okumura Takashi , Ohtsuka Takao , Nakamura Masafumi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe pattern of recurrence affects the clinical outcome in tumor patients. However, the clinical significance of lung metastasis as the primary recurrence site after resection in patients with pancreatic cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the clinical significance of the primary recurrence site in patients with pancreatic cancer, in terms of prognosis and clinicopathological features.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 220 patients with postoperative recurrence after pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer and classified by primary site of recurrence. We focused on patients with lung metastasis as the primary recurrence and investigated its correlation with prognosis and clinicopathological factors.ResultsTwenty‐four (11%) patients had lung metastasis as the primary recurrence. This recurrence pattern had the best prognosis among all recurrence patterns, including liver metastasis and local recurrence. Patients with lung metastasis as the primary recurrence had favorable overall survival and survival from the date of recurrence compared with patients with other primary recurrence sites in both univariate (P = 0.0008 and P = 0.0005) and multivariate analyses (P = 0.0051 and P = 0.0068). In terms of clinicopathological features of resected pancreatic tumors, lung metastasis as the primary recurrence was associated with lower tumor stage and histologic grade, and less vascular invasion and residual tumor volume than liver metastasis.ConclusionsPancreatic cancer patients with lung metastasis as the primary recurrence after pancreatectomy have a better prognosis than those with other recurrence patterns.
Outcomes of Kidney Donors over 60 Years Old: A Single‐Center Cohort Study
Authors: Gero Daniel , Dib Fadia , Matter Maurice , Pascual Manuel , Venetz Jean‐Pierre , Demartines Nicolas , Melloul Emmanuel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimTo evaluate outcomes and post‐donation kidney function of older living kidney donors (LKD).MethodsRetrospective analysis of prospective database including all consecutive LKD undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy in a single center (09/1998‐12/2013). LKD aged ≥60 years were compared to younger LKD. Renal function assessed by creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR). Surgical complications classified according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. Bivariate and multivariate analyses using linear mixed effect models were performed to determine factors (age, gender, hypertension status, BMI, choice of better functioning kidney for donation) that might impinge on renal function after donation.Results213 LKD were identified: 49 older (median age: 66 years, range: 60–79) and 164 younger (median age: 46, range: 25–59). Mean operative time (149 vs. 152 min, p = 0.69), conversion to laparotomy (n = 1 vs. 3, p = 0.92), grade III–IV complications (n = 4 vs. 2, p = 0.36) were similar. Older had more grade I–II complications (n = 18 vs. 4, p < 0.001). Despite similar pre‐donation eGFR (80 vs. 84 ml/min/1.73 m2), older donors presented significantly lower eGFR during inpatient period (46 vs. 51 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.0003), at 1 month (51 vs. 58 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.002) and at 1 year (54 vs. 62 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis adjusted to gender, hypertension status, BMI and choice of better functioning kidney for donation showed that at 1 year, age ≥60 affected renal function by a coefficient of 0.91 (p < 0.001).ConclusionDespite renal function improvement after discharge, LKD ≥ 60 years presented lower eGFR than younger at one year and had more grade I–II surgical complications.
Evaluation of Open and Minimally Invasive Adrenalectomy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐analysis
Authors: Heger Patrick , Probst Pascal , Hüttner Felix J. , Gooßen Käthe , Proctor Tanja , Müller‐Stich Beat P. , Strobel Oliver , Büchler Markus W. , Diener Markus K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundAdrenalectomy can be performed via open and various minimally invasive approaches. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the current evidence on surgical techniques of adrenalectomy.MethodsSystematic literature searches (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) were conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing at least two surgical procedures for adrenalectomy. Statistical analyses were performed, and meta‐analyses were conducted. Furthermore, an indirect comparison of RCTs and a network meta‐analysis of CCTs were carried out for each outcome.ResultsTwenty‐six trials (1710 patients) were included. Postoperative complication rates did not show differences for open and minimally invasive techniques. Operation time was significantly shorter for open adrenalectomy than for the robotic approach (p < 0.001). No differences were found between laparoscopic and robotic approaches. Network meta‐analysis showed open adrenalectomy to be the fastest technique. Blood loss was significantly reduced in the robotic arm compared with open and laparoscopic adrenalectomy (p = 0.01). Length of hospital stay (LOS) was significantly lower after conventional laparoscopy than open adrenalectomy in CCTs (p < 0.001). Furthermore, both retroperitoneoscopic (p < 0.001) and robotic access (p < 0.001) led to another significant reduction of LOS compared with conventional laparoscopy. This difference was not consistent in RCTs. Network meta‐analysis revealed the lowest LOS after retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy.ConclusionMinimally invasive adrenalectomy is safe and should be preferred over open adrenalectomy due to shorter LOS, lower blood loss, and equivalent complication rates. The retroperitoneoscopic access features the shortest LOS and operating time. Further high‐quality RCTs are warranted, especially to compare the posterior retroperitoneoscopic and the transperitoneal robotic approach.
Outbreak of non-tuberculous mycobacteria skin or soft tissue infections associated with handling fish – New York City, 2013–2014
Authors: YACISIN K. , HSIEH J. L. , WEISS D. , ACKELSBERG J. , LEE E. , JONES L. , LEUNG Y. L. , LI L. , YUNG J. , SLAVINSKI S. , HANSON H. , RIDPATH A. , KORNBLUM J. , LIN Y. , ROBBE-AUSTERMAN S. , RAKEMAN J. , SIEMETZKI-KAPOOR U. , STUBER T. , GREENE S. K. 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYMycobacterium marinum, a bacterium found in freshwater and saltwater, can infect persons with direct exposure to fish or aquariums. During December 2013, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene learned of four suspected or confirmed M. marinum skin or soft tissue infections (SSTIs) among persons who purchased whole fish from Chinese markets. Ninety-eight case-patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) SSTIs were identified with onset June 2013–March 2014. Of these, 77 (79%) were female. The median age was 62 years (range 30–91). Whole genome sequencing of clinical isolates revealed two main clusters and marked genetic diversity. Environmental samples from distributors yielded NTM though not M. marinum. We compared 56 case-patients with 185 control subjects who shopped in Chinese markets, frequency-matched by age group and sex. Risk factors for infection included skin injury to the finger or hand (odds ratio [OR]: 15·5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6·9–37·3), hand injury while preparing fish or seafood (OR 8·3; 95% CI 3·8–19·1), and purchasing tilapia (OR 3·6; 95% CI 1·1–13·9) or whiting (OR 2·7; 95% CI 1·1–6·6). A definitive environmental outbreak source was not identified.
The journey to autism: Insights from neuroimaging studies of infants and toddlers
Authors: Wolff Jason J. , Jacob Suma , Elison Jed T. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBy definition, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that emerges during early childhood. It is during this time that infants and toddlers transition from appearing typical across multiple domains to exhibiting the behavioral phenotype of ASD. Neuroimaging studies focused on this period of development have provided crucial knowledge pertaining to this process, including possible mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of the disorder and offering the possibility of prodromal or presymptomatic prediction of risk. In this paper, we review findings from structural and functional brain imaging studies of ASD focused on the first years of life and discuss implications for next steps in research and clinical applications.
Clinical characterization of Italian suicide attempters with bipolar disorder
Authors: Dell’Osso Bernardo , Vismara Matteo , Dobrea Cristina , Cremaschi Laura , Grancini Benedetta , Arici Chiara , Benatti Beatrice , Buoli Massimiliano , Ketter Terence A. , Altamura A. Carlo 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, highly disabling condition associated with psychiatric/medical comorbidity and substantive morbidity, mortality, and suicide risks. In prior reports, varying parameters have been associated with suicide risk.ObjectivesTo evaluate sociodemographic and clinical variables characterizing Italian individuals with BD with versus without prior suicide attempt (PSA).MethodsA sample of 362 Italian patients categorized as BD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM IV-TR) was assessed and divided in 2 subgroups: with and without PSA. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were compared between prior attempters and non-attempters using corrected multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).ResultsMore than one-fourth of BD patients (26.2%) had a PSA, with approximately one-third (31%) of these having>1 PSA. Depressive polarity at onset, higher number of psychiatric hospitalizations, comorbid alcohol abuse, comorbid eating disorders, and psychiatric poly-comorbidity were significantly more frequent (p<.05) in patients with versus without PSA. Additionally, treatment with lithium, polypharmacotherapy (≥4 current drugs) and previous psychosocial rehabilitation were significantly more often present in patients with versus without PSA.ConclusionsWe found several clinical variables associated with PSA in BD patients. Even though these retrospective findings did not address causality, they could be clinically relevant to better understanding suicidal behavior in BD and adopting proper strategies to prevent suicide in higher risk patients.
Learning and Memory in Adolescents With Critical Biventricular Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Cassidy Adam R. , Newburger Jane W. , Bellinger David C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectives: Although evidence exists of broadly defined memory impairment among adolescents with critical congenital heart disease (CHD), nuanced investigations of declarative memory in this at-risk population have not been conducted. This study had two primary aims: (1) to conduct a fine-grained analysis of a range of relevant learning and memory processes in adolescents with critical biventricular CHD, and (2) to identify risk, odds, and predictors of memory impairment. Methods: Data were combined from two single-center studies of neurodevelopmental outcomes in critical CHD. Two-hundred seven adolescents (Mage=15.61±1.0 years) with critical CHD (139 with dextro-transposition of the great arteries and 68 with tetralogy of Fallot without an identified genetic condition), as well as 61 healthy referents (Mage=15.27±1.1 years) completed a neuropsychological evaluation which included the Children’s Memory Scale. Results: Whereas visual-spatial memory deficits were found in both CHD subgroups, verbal memory abilities were relatively preserved. Adolescents with CHD demonstrated stronger memory for Stories than Word Pairs, t (203)=2.63, p=.009, and for Dot Locations than Faces, t(204)=−2.57, p=.01. CHD subgroup, socioeconomic status, sex, and seizure history were among the most frequent significant predictors of memory impairment. Seizure history, in particular, was associated with a 2 to 3 times greater odds of impaired performance on learning and memory tasks. Conclusions: Adolescents with critical biventricular CHD are at risk for deficits in aspects of declarative memory. Independent risk factors for worse outcome include history of seizures. (JINS, 2017, 23, 627–639)
Economy as instituted process: the case of hard rock mining in the United States
Authors: BROWN CHRISTOPHER 
Published: June 2017

AbstractI examine the origin and development of institutions that assign and enforce rights to hard rock minerals located on federal lands in the United States. Hard rock mining gives a prime example of the ‘artificial selection’ of settled customs or working rules by jurists and legislators. The evolving structure of the industry, conditioned by technological and market factors, produced a parallel shift in the locus and control ofsovereignty.In the early days sovereignty vested in the mining clubs. The enlarging scale and complexity of mining catalysed a change in both the uses and location of sovereignty. With the transition from prospecting to large-scale industrial mining, the ‘right to use’ mineral deposits obtained through patents became contingent on the cooperation of labour. At this stage, the capture of the state's monopoly on legitimate violence to protect the right to use became a crucial dimension of property. Mining companies have also enjoyed liberties with respect to the externalization of environmental costs. The emergent structure of rights, duties, capacities and exposures was instrumental in bringing forth a quantum increase in the mining of hard rock minerals necessary for industrial expansion. There is, however, an urgent need for reform of the mineral patent system.
Silicon amendment is involved in the induction of plant defense responses to a phloem feeder
Authors: Yang Lang , Han Yongqiang , Li Pei , Li Fei , Ali Shahbaz , Hou Maolin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPlant resistance to herbivores is a key component in integrated pest management. In most cases, silicon (Si) amendment to plants enhances resistance to herbivorous insects. The increase of plant physical barrier and altered insect behaviors are proposed as mechanisms for the enhanced resistance in Si-amended plants, but our understanding of the induced mechanisms involved in Si-enhanced plant resistance to phloem-feeding insects remains unclear. Here, we show that Si amendment to rice (Oryza sativa) plants impacts multiple plant defense responses induced by a phloem-feeder, the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens, BPH). Si amendment improved silicification of leaf sheaths that BPH feed on. Si addition suppressed the increase of malondialdehyde concentration while encouraged increase of H2O2concentration in plants attacked by BPH. Higher activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase were recorded in Si-amended than in non-amended BPH-infested plants. BPH infestation activated synthases for secondary metabolites, polyphenol oxidase and pheny-lalanine ammonia-lyase, and β-1,3-glucanase, but the activation was greater in Si-amended than in non-amended plants. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Si amendment interacts with BPH infestation in the induction of plant defense responses and consequently, to confer enhanced rice plant resistance.
A novel stress response mechanism, triggered by indole, involved in quorum quenching enzyme MomL and iron-sulfur cluster in Muricauda olearia Th120
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Hui , Cui Xinxin , Zhang Xiao-Hua 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIndole, as a signal molecule, is involved in multiple physiological behavior including biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance and virulence. In this study, we demonstrated that indole was involved in iron deficient and H2O2 stress response in Muricauda olearia Th120. Transcriptome analysis showed that totally 206 genes were regulated by exogenous indole. Besides, momL-suf gene cluster, consisting of quorum quenching enzyme coding gene momL and iron-sulfur biosynthetic genes suf, were involved in indole-induced stress response pathway. The result indicated that indole not only up-regulated momL-suf gene cluster, but also enhanced the MomL secretion and the growth rates of MomL-bearing strains in H2O2 stress and iron deficient culture conditions. Co-incubation of M. olearia Th120 and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum under H2O2 condition revealed that M. olearia Th120 bearing MomL possessed an increased competitive advantage, whereas its competitor had a reduced survival. The phenomenon that quorum quenching enzyme is triggered by stress factor has been rarely reported. The study also opens a new clue to explore the indole function towards quorum quenching factor in bacteria.
The convergence of nonnegative solutions for the family of problems −Δpu=λeuasp→∞
Authors: Mihăilescu Mihai , Stancu−Dumitru Denisa , Varga Csaba 
Published: June 2017

LetΩ⊂ ℝN(N≥ 2) be a bounded domain with smooth boundary. We show the existence of a positive real numberλ*such that for eachλ∈ (0,λ*) and each real numberp>Nthe equation −Δpu = λeuinΩsubject to the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition possesses a nonnegative solutionup. Next, we analyze the asymptotic behavior ofupas p→∞and we show that it converges uniformly to the distance function to the boundary of the domain.
Advantages of the Microwave Tool in Organophosphorus Syntheses
Authors: Keglevich György , Kiss Nóra , Grün Alajos , Bálint Erika , Kovács Tamara 
Published: June 2017

The microwave (MW) technique has become an important tool also in the organophosphorus field of organic chemistry. On the one hand, otherwise reluctant reactions, such as the esterification of P-acids, may be enhanced by the effect of MW, while on the other hand, catalysts may be omitted, or catalyst systems may be simplified on MW irradiation. This later group includes the Kabachnik–Fields reactions, alkylation of active methylene-containing compounds, O-alkylations, deoxygenations, as well as the Hirao reaction. It is also the purpose of this review to elucidate the scope and limitations of the MW tool, to interpret the MW effects, and to model the distribution of local overheatings and their beneficial effect.1	Introduction2	The Esterification of Phosphinic Acids2.1	Synthetic Results2.2	Scope and Limitation of the Application of MWs2.3	Modelling the Distribution of the Local Overheatings and Predicting­ Their Effect3	The Simplification of Catalytic Systems3.1	Replacement of the Catalyst by MW Irradiation3.1.1	The Kabachnik–Fields Reaction3.1.2	Solid–Liquid Phase Alkylation of Active Methylene-Containing Compounds3.1.3	Solid–Liquid Phase Alkylation of Phosphinic Acids3.1.4	The Deoxygenation of Phosphine Oxides3.2	The Hirao Reaction without Added P-Ligands4	Conclusions
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Position Evaluated by Ultrasound: Can it Replace Abdomen X-Ray in Patients Presenting Catheter Misplacement?
Authors: Zeiler Matthias , Zanoli Luca , Scarfia Rosalia , Santarelli Stefano , Granata Antonio 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background Malfunction of the peritoneal dialysis catheter is frequently caused by dislocation. The diagnostic approach is classically based on abdomen X-ray together with detailed case history and physical examination. Despite being rarely applied in clinical practice to evaluate catheter misplacement, ultrasound is a noninvasive, radiation-free technique that is potentially useful also to explore reasons for catheter malfunction. Consequently, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound to identify peritoneal catheter misplacement.
Methods In a multicenter observational blinded study, we compared ultrasound to abdomen X-ray for catheter localization in 93 consecutive peritoneal dialysis patients with dialysate outflow problems enrolled in two nephrology and dialysis units. The position of the catheter was annotated on a standard scheme of nine abdominopelvic regions. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and Kappa coefficient were calculated.
Results Dislocation out of the inferior abdominopelvic regions was present in 19 patients (20 %) at X-ray and 23 patients (25 %) at ultrasound. Correct determination of the position of the catheter in the lower abdomen by ultrasound had a sensitivity of 93 % (95 % CI 84 – 97 %), specificity of 95 % (95 % CI 72 – 100 %), positive predictive value of 99 % (95 % CI 91 – 100 %), negative predictive value of 78 % (95 %CI 56 – 92 %) and Kappa coefficient of 0.82 (95 % CI 0.67 – 0.96). In 10 out of 93 patients (11 %), there was a position mismatch between X-ray and ultrasound in an adjacent abdominopelvic region.
Conclusion Our results suggest that abdomen X-ray for the evaluation of peritoneal catheter position can be replaced by ultrasound in experienced hands. This bedside diagnostic procedure might reduce costs, the time necessary for diagnosis and lifetime radiation exposure.
Verringerung von Beschwerden des Stütz- und Bewegungsapparats
Authors: Hucke Stephanie , Berg Ralf , Thiem Hendrik , Schultz Norbert , Wegener Tankred 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBei der Behandlung von Beschwerden im Stütz- und Bewegungsapparat stehen Schmerzreduktion und Steigerung der Beweglichkeit im Fokus.In einer offenen, nichtinterventionellen Studie (NIS; Beobachtungsstudie) erhielten 142 Patienten über einen Zeitraum von 3 Monaten das homöopathische Komplexmittel Ranocalcin, das für Schwächezustände des Stütz- und Bindegewebes und der Knochen zugelassen ist.Zu Studienbeginn sowie nach 6 Wochen und 3 Monaten wurde der klinische Befund durch den Arzt erhoben; die Patienten wurden für eine subjektive Bewertung ihrer Beschwerden befragt. Zudem erfolgte eine allgemeine Bewertung der Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit.Ergebnisse: Die Patienten berichteten eine merkliche Reduktion von Rücken- und Gelenkschmerzen. Dies deckte sich mit dem klinischen Befund einer deutlich verbesserten Beweglichkeit mit gleichzeitig reduzierter Schonhaltung. Die Ergebnisse der Beobachtungsstudie weisen auf eine mögliche Wirksamkeit in diesem Anwendungsgebiet bei guter Verträglichkeit des Komplexmittels hin.