bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovation in distributed energy services for sustainable development: case studies from sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Pachauri Shonali , Coldrey Olivia , Falchetta Giacomo , Pelz Setu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this work, we explore how locally led innovations can advance sustainable energy access in low-income regions of Africa. Given the emphasis of the Sustainable Development Goals on the importance of affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy, we critically assess how local innovations can address the unique challenges of regions characterized by informality and low purchasing power and where existing grid-based electricity supply is weak. Through case studies, we highlight successful initiatives in expanding energy services access, including product bundling, pay-as-you-go financial models, leveraging existing supply chains, and securing strong funding support. Our findings underscore the importance of local ownership, contextual knowledge, and the adaptation of innovations to specific socio-economic and cultural conditions. By comparing the case studies, we identify common strategies that can contribute to the effectiveness of local innovations in improving energy access and sustainability that can inform efforts to replicate and scale up such initiatives. We conclude by identifying common elements contributing to the success of these cases and their significance, focusing on those crucial for achieving speed, scale, and impact.
Fluidized solidified soil using construction slurry improved by fly ash and slag: preparation, mechanical property, and microstructure
Authors: Feng Tianhong , Lin Kaihao , Zhang De , Yu Yanfei , Jiang Yiming , Jiang Ping , Li Na , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fluidized solidified soil (FSS) is a cement-based engineering matergood working performance and mechanical properties. Based on fixed cement and desulphurisation gypsum (DG), fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were added as admixtures to the construction slurry to prepare three types of FSS: namely cement-GGBS-DG FSS (CGD-FSS), cement-FA-GGBS-DG FSS (CFGD-FSS), and cement-FA-DG FSS (CFD-FSS). Considering 7 d, 14 d, and 28 d three curing times, compressive, flexural, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were conducted to explore the time-dependent mechanical properties and microscopic characterisation of FSS. The mechanical test showed that CFGD-FSS doped with FA and GGBS had better fluidity, compressive strength, and flexural strength than CGD-FSS doped with FA alone and CFD-FSS doped with GGBS. The CFGD-FSS specimen with a cement:FA:GGBS:DG ratio of 30: 10: 40: 20 in the curing agent had the best mechanical properties, i.e., the CFGD01 specimens. It has fluidity of 189 mm, compressive strength of 671 kPa, and flexural strength of 221 kPa with a 28d curing time, which can meet the working requirements of FSS for filling narrow engineering spaces. And compared with other specimens, it has the shortest setting time, which can effectively shorten the construction period. Microscopic analysis showed that a large number of hydration products, such as calcium silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate hydrate, and ettringite (Aft), were well-formed in the FSS, resulting in good mechanical properties, especially for the CFGD-01 specimens. Finally, two empirical models were established to describe the compressive strength–porosity and flexural strength–porosity relationships. Moreover, the investigated data agreed well with the modelling results.
New Property in International Law
Authors: Ho Jean 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
New Property in International Law is a story of how international law constantly falls short when it comes to property regulation because its stakeholders have consistently failed to define what property is. Until now, property in international law has been an enigma. We are told that international law possesses sufficient content to regulate property, we are shown provisions in international instruments addressing property rights, and we bear witness to the resolution of property disputes in accordance with international law. Yet, when we are asked what the defining attributes of property in international law are, we draw a collective blank. The absence of reformist agitation from the international community towards an international law that brazenly regulates what it cannot or will not even define represents the turning of a collective blind eye to a critical knowledge gap. In the same way that driving a car with closed eyes is a possibly fatal accident in the making, driving the content of international law on property regulation without discerning the object of regulation is a possibly fatal anomaly in the laborious, and supposedly progressive, enterprise of legal development. Duly defined, newer forms of property push international law to a regulatory breaking point. When treaties as stalwart sources of international law prescribe obligations without properly identifying the object and penalizing the violators of those obligations, regulatory regimes built on treaties—such as the ones currently applicable to cultural, common, and contingent property—resemble a mirage. They offer victims shimmering hope and reprieve from a distance but vanish when the victim gets close enough to contemplate and formulate redress for the wrong suffered.
Introduction
Authors: Ho Jean 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Introduction eases the reader into the five substantive chapters of the monograph by outlining why international law is deficient when it comes to new property regulation. It offers a definitional preview of new property from Chapter 1, before setting out three categories of new property—cultural property from Chapter 2, common property from Chapter 3, and contingent property from Chapter 4—which showcase this deficiency. It then draws the reader’s attention to the paradox explored in Chapter 5 of how international law recognizes but fails to sanction actors and actions that interfere with new property. The Introduction asks if international law can be rendered fit for the purpose of new property regulation and invites the reader to join in the search for answers in this intellectual journey.
The Struggle and Shape of New Property
Authors: Ho Jean 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Chapter 1 challenges prevailing complacency in international law’s contemporary relevance to property regulation by peeling back a façade spun by treaties that have long obscured international law’s content deficiency on the notion of property. The knowledge gap is particularly significant for newer forms of property which are no less susceptible to disputed use and interference as basic property but find no expression or equivalence in existing doctrine. In depicting the struggle of new property for formal acknowledgement and articulation, and in delineating the shape of new property, this chapter supplies the definitional backbone to the argument made throughout the rest of the book—that an international law unresponsive to the needs and nuances of new property is no longer fit for the purpose of property regulation. Section 2 explains how the fragmentation of international law into specialized subfields governed by different treaties created a knowledge gap on the notion of property. Section 3 explains how this knowledge gap in international law was entrenched by the influence of select Western property theories espousing private property ownership. It compares and analyses distinctive notions of property from four major juristic traditions for common ground to fill the gap with a more representative and more adaptable notion of property. Section 4 observes the rise of new property and elaborates on the four core attributes of new property distilled from the comparative analysis conducted in Section 3: (i) imputable ownership, (ii) separability, (iii) responsiveness to contextual factors, and (iv) conferral of benefit. Section 5 concludes.
The Effect of the Presence and Absence of DNA Repair Genes on the Rate and Pattern of Mutation in Bacteria
Authors: Kalogiannis Georgios , Eyre-Walker Adam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Bacteria lose and gain repair genes as they evolve. Here, we investigate the consequences of gain and loss of 11 DNA repair genes across a broad range of bacteria. Using synonymous polymorphisms from bacteria and a set of 50 phylogenetically independent contrasts, we find no evidence that the presence or absence of these 11 genes affects either the overall level of diversity or the pattern of mutation. Using phylogenetic generalized linear squares yields a similar conclusion. It seems likely that the lack of an effect is due to variation in the genetic background and the environment which obscures any effects that the presence or absence of individual genes might have.
Trans-aconitic acid assimilation system as a widespread bacterial mechanism for environmental adaptation
Authors: Zheng Cao , Liu Dingqi , Lu Xinyu , Wu Huijun , Hua Jingyi , Zhang Chuang , Liu Kang , Li Changchun , He Jin , Du Cuiying 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The ability of bacteria to use natural carbon sources greatly affects their growth and survival in the environment. Bacteria have evolved versatile abilities to use environmental carbon sources, but their diversity and assimilation pathways remain largely unexplored. Trans-aconitic acid (TAA), a geometric isomer of cis-aconitic acid involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, has long been considered a natural carbon source metabolizable by bacteria. However, its catabolism and ecological role in linking bacterial interactions with the environment remain unclear. Here, we identify a regulatory system in Bacillus velezensis FZB42 that is capable of sensing and catabolizing TAA. The system consists of a tar operon, an adjacent positive regulatory gene tarR, and a shared promoter. After receiving the TAA signal, the TarR protein interacts directly with the promoter, initiating the expression of the membrane transporter TarB and aconitate isomerase TarA encoded by the operon, which function in importing the TAA and isomerizing it into the central intermediate cis-aconitic acid. Subsequent soil colonization experiments reveal that TAA assimilating ability can give its coding bacteria a growth and competitive advantage. Bioinformatics analyses coupled with bacterial isolation experiments further show that the assimilation system of TAA is widely distributed in the bacterial domain, and its assimilating bacteria are also extensively distributed in nature, indicating an important role of TAA metabolism in bacterial carbon acquisition. This work emphasizes the importance of metabolic adaptation to environmental carbon sources for bacterial survival and may provide inspiration for engineering microbes with enhanced environmental competitiveness.
The MADS-box gene XAANTAL1 participates in Arabidopsis thaliana primary root growth and columella stem cell patterns in response to ROS, via direct regulation of PEROXIDASE 28 and RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED genes
Authors: Zluhan-Martínez Estephania , Castañón-Suárez Claudio A , Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Mario A , Lledías Fernando , Zhang Tao , Peng Jesús T , Dickinson Jazz , Sánchez Rodríguez Diana Belén , Sánchez María de la Paz , García-Ponce Berenice , Álvarez-Buylla Elena R , Garay-Arroyo Adriana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The balance between cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation emerges from gene regulatory networks coupled to various signal transduction pathways, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and transcription factors (TFs), enabling developmental responses to environmental cues. The primary root of Arabidopsis thaliana has become a valuable system for unravelling such networks. Recently, the role of TFs that mediate ROS inhibition of primary root growth has begun to be characterized. This study demonstrates that the MADS-box TF gene XAANTAL1 (XAL1) is an essential regulator of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in primary root growth and root stem cell niche identity. Interestingly, our findings indicated that XAL1 acts as a positive regulator of H2O2 concentration in the root meristem by directly regulating genes involved in oxidative stress response, such as PEROXIDASE 28 (PER28). Moreover, we found that XAL1 is necessary for the H2O2-induced inhibition of primary root growth through the negative regulation of peroxidase and catalase activities. Furthermore, XAL1, in conjunction with RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED (RBR), is essential for positively regulating the differentiation of columella stem cells and for participating in primary root growth inhibition in response to oxidative stress induced by H2O2 treatment.
Emerging perspectives of copper-mediated transcriptional regulation in mammalian cell development
Authors: Fitisemanu Fa'alataitaua M , Padilla-Benavides Teresita 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a vital micronutrient necessary for proper development and function of mammalian cells and tissues. Cu mediates the function of redox active enzymes that facilitate metabolic processes and signaling pathways. Cu levels are tightly regulated by a network of Cu-binding transporters, chaperones, and small molecule ligands. Extensive research has focused on the mammalian Cu homeostasis (cuprostasis) network and pathologies, which result from mutations and perturbations. There are roles for Cu-binding proteins as transcription factors (Cu-TFs) and regulators that mediate metal homeostasis through the activation or repression of genes associated with Cu handling. Emerging evidence suggests that Cu and some Cu-TFs may be involved in the regulation of targets related to development—expanding the biological roles of Cu-binding proteins. Cu and Cu-TFs are implicated in embryonic and tissue-specific development alongside the mediation of the cellular response to oxidative stress and hypoxia. Cu-TFs are also involved in the regulation of targets implicated in neurological disorders, providing new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diseases such as Parkinson's disease, prion disease, and Friedreich's ataxia. This review provides a critical analysis of the current understanding of the role of Cu and cuproproteins in transcriptional regulation.
Evaluating the Glycemic Effects of Dolutegravir and Its Predictors Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Uganda: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ankunda Collins , Agolor Curthbert , Karamagi Yvonne , Nakubulwa Susan , Namasambi Sharon , Kasamba Ivan , Christopher Semei Mukama , Kukundakwe Patience , Odiit Mary , Mubangizi Ivan , Emunyu Jude , Kesi Diana Nakitto , Nambasa Victoria , Ndagije Helen Byomire , Mukasa Barbara 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Dolutegravir (DTG), a key component of the recommended human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment regimens in Uganda, has been associated with hyperglycemia. We evaluated its influence on hyperglycemia risk to create a hyperglycemia risk stratification tool for patient monitoring.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study at 3 sites with 628 HIV-positive patients on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, lamivudine, and dolutegravir (TLD). Participants included both nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor–experienced (exposed) and antiretroviral therapy (ART)–naive (nonexposed) groups. Follow-up occurred every 6 months with random blood sugar (RBS) testing every 3 months. Participants with RBS ≥7 mmol/L were classified as hyperglycemic and underwent glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) testing, confirming diabetes with a 6.5% cut-off.

Results
The study found a hyperglycemia incidence rate of 24.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 19.3–31.1) cases per 100 person-years (PY) and a diabetes incidence rate of 5.8 cases (95% CI, 3.6–9.3) per 100 PY. Hyperglycemia incidence was slightly lower in nonexposed (20.8 cases per 100 PY) versus exposed groups (25.2 cases per 100 PY). Multivariable analysis indicated a trend toward lower hyperglycemia risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.78 [95% CI, .37–1.66]; P = .52) and substantially lower diabetes incidence (aHR, 0.34 [95% CI, .04–2.82]; P = .32) in the nonexposed group. Significant factors for hyperglycemia included age (P &lt; .001), study site (P &lt; .001), and DTG-based ART duration (P = .02).

Conclusions
Our study showed an increased incidence of hyperglycemia with age, study site, and duration of DTG exposure in people with HIV on TLD. We suggest integrated screening and care for hyperglycemia and diabetes in HIV services, especially when initiating DTG regimens.
HIGH-DOSE INTRAVITREAL TOPOTECAN FOR RECURRENT RETINOBLASTOMA, SUBRETINAL SEEDS, AND VITREOUS SEEDS
Authors: Shields Carol L. , Medina Robert , Evans Haley , Valdes-Perez Nicole , Burak acar Ahmet , Bansal Rolika , Lally Sara E. , Shields Jerry A. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-dose intravitreal topotecan (IvitTopo) for recurrent retinoblastoma.

Methods:
There were 13 patients with recurrent retinoblastoma treated with high-dose IvitTopo (90 micrograms [μg]/0.18cc–100 µg/0.20cc). The primary outcome measures were tumor control, globe salvage, and treatment complications.

Results:
At date first seen, median patient age was 9 months, and the affected eye was classified as International Classification of Retinoblastoma Group B (n = 2, 15%), Group C (n = 3, 23%), or Group D (n = 8, 62%) retinoblastoma with initial therapy of intravenous chemotherapy (n = 9, 69%) or intraarterial chemotherapy (n = 4, 31%). Recurrent tumor was detected at median 10 months as solid tumor (n = 3), subretinal seeds (n = 10), and/or vitreous seeds (n = 3) and high-dose IvitTopo (median three injections) delivered at monthly intervals. Additional chemotherapy was delivered by intraarterial (n = 8, 62%) or intravenous (n = 1, 8%) routes, and one eye received additional cryotherapy (n = 1, 8%). In three cases (23%), there was no additional therapy. At mean follow-up of 9 months, regression of solid tumor, subretinal seeds, and vitreous seeds was achieved in 12 cases (92%), and globe salvage was achieved in all cases (n = 13, 100%). Of those three eyes treated with high-dose IvitTopo alone, tumor control was initially achieved in all cases (100%), but one case that previously demonstrated massive vitreous seeding showed late recurrence of a solitary vitreous seed at 8 months. There were no complications.

Conclusion:
High-dose IvitTopo is an effective and safe therapy for recurrent retinoblastoma, in conjunction with other therapy, and possibly as a stand-alone therapy.
Surge in Eye Drop Safety Concerns and Interest in Alternative Dry Eye Disease Therapy Following Eye Drop Recalls: A Cross-Sectional Google Trends Analysis
Authors: Martinyan Jack , Starr Christopher E. 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
Beginning in January 2023, numerous eye drops were recalled following reports of contamination. To investigate hesitancy in topical therapies for dry eye disease (DED), we analyzed trends in Internet search traffic for alternative DED therapies and eye drop safety concerns following initial recalls.

Methods:
Google Trends (GT) was used to measure the popularity of specific search terms during a given time period. The main GT output metric for gauging interest in a search term is the Search Volume Index (SVI). We collected worldwide SVI data for terms “dry eye vitamin,” “are eye drops safe,” “stop eye drops,” “lipiflow,” “ilux treatment,” “dry eye mask,” “dry eye warm compress,” “omega-3 for dry eyes,” “dry eye plugs,” “dry eye humidifier,” “itear,” and “IPL dry eye” from April 24, 2022, to October 29, 2023. Statistical analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel v.16.77.1, and comparisons between groups were performed using paired t tests.

Results:
A significant increase in SVI was observed for most keywords. When comparing the 40-week period before and after the initial recall, 7/10 alternative DED therapies demonstrated a statistically significant surge in Internet search traffic after recall (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 2/2 keywords pertaining to eye drop safety concerns demonstrated an increase in SVI (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
We identified a significant surge in Internet search activity for eye drop safety and alternative DED therapies following eye drop recalls. Public health agencies and physicians may find this information valuable while attempting to address safety concerns and navigating noncompliance of routine eye drop therapy.
Use pembrolizumab may cause acute and severe adverse reactions: a case report and review
Authors: Ouyang Linna , Liu Huixing , Tang Zhixiang , Wu Rui , Zhong Yujie , Chen Haibin 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as pivotal therapeutics for personalized cancer treatment. Programmed death protein receptor 1/ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors represent the most extensively utilized immune checkpoint blockade agents. Among these, pembrolizumab has gained approval for advanced cancer management. By engaging with PD-1 on T cells, pembrolizumab orchestrates the immune response against tumor cells; however, it is also associated with a spectrum of adverse events, including an infrequent manifestation of fulminant type 1 diabetes.

Case presentation:
ICIs-induced fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1DM) in breast cancer patients has been rarely documented. To provide further evidence of such adverse events, this paper presents the case of a 58-year-old Chinese patient with breast cancer and multi-organ metastasis, who had no prior history of diabetes. Following five courses of pembrolizumab, she developed severe fulminant type 1 diabetes accompanied by ketoacidosis.

Discussion:
Pembrolizumab is commonly utilized in the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. While it offers significant benefits to patients, it can also lead to numerous adverse reactions, with immune-related diabetes being the most prevalent among them as a result of pembrolizumab usage.

Conclusions:
FT1DM complicated with ketoacidosis represents a critical and potentially life-threatening medical condition, necessitating immediate attention. Our case study underscores the inherent risks associated with pembrolizumab administration and offers valuable insights for its safe utilization in patients.
Implementing Clinical Practice Guidelines for Improving Function in Cerebral Palsy: Development of a Fidelity Tool
Authors: Jackman Michelle , Thorley Megan , Toovey Rachel , Burgess Andrea , Blatch-Williams Remy , Sakzewski Leanne , Boyd Roslyn N. , Novak Iona 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
To develop a fidelity tool to support the implementation of clinical practice guidelines to improve physical function for children and young people with cerebral palsy.

Methods:
Fidelity tool development followed a 5-step process: the pilot study, using a mixed-methods action research approach, and including focus groups, questionnaires, and field notes.

Results:
A 21-item fidelity tool representing the core components of the clinical practice guidelines was developed, including subsections of goal setting, intervention, and elements seen throughout therapeutic intervention. Clinicians and supervisors reported this tool as acceptable and feasible, especially when used as a self-reflection tool.

Conclusions:
A fidelity tool has been developed that clinicians, supervisors and organizations can use to reflect on current practice and plan for changes to align practice with guidelines to improve function in children with cerebral palsy.