bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peta batimetri Danau Sentani Papua
Authors: Indrayani Ervina , Handoyo Nitimulyo Kamiso , Hadisusanto Suwarno , . Rustadi 
Published: February 2016

Abstract. Lake Sentani is located in Jayapura Regency, Papua Province with an area 9,360 ha and 70-90 meters above sea level. The lake directly adjacent to Cycloops Mountains Nature Reserve, obtaining supplies of about 34 springs. The aim of the research was to describes the lake bathymetry as a basic information for the utilization. The function are as habitat place for many species, water resources, fisheries, transport and tourism. Morphometry and bathymetry of the lake is very important for the sustainable management of the lake functions as a topography and relief lakes that have different extreme depths. Making the bathymetry of the lake is done with the acoustic method. Recording data using Garmin GPSmap 76CSx and Garmin Echo 100 Fishfinder. The result of the research showed that the depth of Lake Sentani with 9 variation at the different location, in generally range 15-23 m. Meanwhile, the waters of the deepest lake located in the eastern part of the lake is more than 70 m and the lowest depths of 0-7 m are in the middle of the Sentani area.Keywords: bathymetry; morphometry; acoustic method; Garmin Echo 100 Fishfinder; Lake SentaniAbstrak. Danau Sentani terletak di Kabupaten Jayapura, Provinsi Papua dengan luas 9.360 ha dan ketinggian 70–90 m dpl. Danau ini berbatasan langsung dengan Cagar Alam Pegunungan Cycloops dan memperoleh suplai dari sekitar 34 sumber mata air. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan batimetri danau sebagai informasi dasar pemanfaatan danau. Fungsi danau adalah sebagai habitat makhluk hidup, sumber air masyarakat sekitar, perikanan, transportasi dan pariwisata. Mengetahui morfometri dan batimetri danau sangat penting untuk pengelolaan fungsi danau yang berkelanjutan karena kondisi topografi dan relief danau yang memiliki perbedaan kedalaman ekstrim. Pembuatan batimetri danau dilakukan dengan metode akustik. Perekaman data menggunakan Garmin GPSmap 76CSx dan Garmin Echo 100 Fishfinder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedalaman perairan Danau Sentani terdiri dari 9 variasi yang umumnya berkisar 15–23 m. Perairan danau terdalam berada di wilayah timur danau yaitu lebih dari 70 m dan kedalaman terendah antara 0–7 m berada di wilayah Sentani tengah.Kata kunci: batimetri; morfometri; metode akustik; Garmin Echo 100 Fishfinder; Danau Sentani
Struktur komunitas ekosistem mangrove di kawasan pesisir Sidangoli Kabupaten Halmahera Barat, Maluku Utara
Authors: Akbar Nebuchadnezzar , Baksir Abdurrachman , Tahir Irmalita 
Published: February 2016

Abstract. Mangroves is important ecosystem in coastal. However, multiple destructive activities to cause reduced mangrove area. The information about area and criteria of mangrove in Sidangoli coastal area, had been doing, however information ecology mangrove unexplored. This information is required to plan better conservation strategy of mangrove. The study was conducted to infer the ecology of mangrove in the Sidangoli coastal of west halmahera regency, North Mollucas. A total of location diveded by four and perform in November 2014. Mangrove sampling, done by the "spot check". The results showed that mangrove of thickness ranging from 145-750 meters and founded 11 specieses from 5 families of mangroves. The ecology analysis showed that frequency and density of mangrove founded station three. Whereas persent cover contained station four and value sicnificant analysis in all station. The mangrove vegetation analysis contained the high frequency, density and value sicnificant is Rhizopora stylosa and high persent cover Sonneratia alba.the overall observation of mangrove explaided that mangrove ecosystem enter in low/damage criteria.Keywords: Mangroves; Rhizopora stylosa; spot check; Sonneratia alba Abstrak. Mangrove merupakan ekosistem penting di kawasan pesisir. Tetapi, berbagai macam aktivitas yang bersifat destruktif telah menurunkan luas penyebaran lahan mangrove. Informasi tentang luas dan kriteria mangrove di kawasan pesisir Sidangoli, Kabupaten Halmahera Barat telah dilakukan. Akan tetapi informasi tentang nilai ekologi mangrove belum dilaporkan, sehingga perlu adanya kajian tentang anailsis ekologi mangrove. Informasi nilai ekologi dapat dijadikan sebagai data untuk dijadikan sebagi acuan dalam merencanakan strategi konservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai ekologi mangrove dikawasan pesisir Sidangoli Kabupaten Halmahera Barat, Maluku Utara. Lokasi penelitian dibagi menjadi empat dan penelitian dilaksanakan pada November 2014. Pengambilan contoh mangrove, di lakukan dengan menggunakan metode “spot chek”. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketebalan mangrove berkisar 145-750 meter dan diperoleh sebanyak 11 jenis dari 5 famili mangrove. Analisis ekologi memperlihatkan bahwa nilai total kerapatan dan frekuensi tertinggi ditemukan pada stasiun tiga. Sedangkan tutupan tertinggi pada stasiun empat serta nilai penting pada setiap stasiun adalah 300. Analisis vegetasi mangrove disetiap stasiun diperoleh kerapatan, frekuensi dan nilai penting jenis tertinggi adalah Rhizopora stylosa serta tutupan jenis tertinggi adalah Sonneratia alba. Total pangamatan jenis mangrove dan jumlah yang tersedia, menggambarkan kondisi ekosistem mangrove di pesisir Sidangoli masuk dalam kategori rendah/rusak.
Pengaruh konsentrasi sublethal endosulfan dan glifosat terhadap konsumsi oksigen kerang darah (anadara granosa)
Authors: Nalle Mikson M.D. , Gimin Ricky 
Published: February 2016

Abstract. The aims of the study were: (1) to test oxygen consumption of Anadara granosa under sub-lethal concentrations of endosulfan, (2) oxygen consumption under sub-lethal concentrations of glifosat and (3) oxygen consumption under mixture of endosulfan and glifosat. Complete randomlizeddesign were applied on this experiment. Initially, the oxygen consumption was standardised against animal’s dry flesh weight. Results showed that dry flesh weight afffected significantly the oxygen consumption. The relationship between the two variables was formulated as y = 0.217 + 0.243x. Based on teh relationship, the oxygen consumption was reported as mg/l/hr of 1g standard animal. Exposure of blood cockles to various sub-lethal concentrations of pesticides showed that the oxygen consumption rates reduced as the concentrations increased. For endosulfan, the oxygen consumption rate decreased from (0.5325 ± 0.1556)mg/l/hr at 0.05 ppm to (0.2282 ± 0.1552 ) mg/l/hr at 0.5 ppm. Increasing glifosat from 50 ppm to 200 ppm reduced the oxygen consumption from (0.3111± 0.1811)to (0.2449 ± 0.2548)mg/l/hr. Accordingly, the oxygen consumption decreased from (0.3376± 0.972)mg/l/hr to (0,2841± 0.2057)mg/l/hr when concentrations of mixture endosulfan + glifosat mixture increased from 0.005 + 50 ppm to 5 + 200 ppm.Keywords: pesticide; endosulfan; glyphosate; Anadara granosa; bioassay; oxygen consumption Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi sublethal endosulfan, glifosat, dan secara bersama-sama terhadap konsumsi oksigen kerang darah (Anadara granosa). Metode eksperimental dengan rancangan percobaan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berat tubuh mempengaruhi laju konsumsi oksigen dengan hubungan y = 0,217+0,243 x, sehingga hasil pengukuran laju konsumsi oksigen dinyatakan sebagai mg/l/jam per 1 gram berat kering kerang standar. Pemaparan terhadap konsentrasi sublethal menunjukkan bahwa laju konsumsi oksigen menurun seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi masing – masing pestisida maupun campurannya. Untuk endosulfan, laju konsumsi oksigen menurun dari (0,5325± 0,1556) mg/l/jam pada 0,05 ppm menjadi (0,2282 ± 0,1552) mg/l/jam pada 5 ppm. Untuk glifosat, laju konsumsi oksigen menurun dari (0,3111± 0,1811) mg/l/jam pada 50 ppm menjadi (0,2449 ± 0,2548) pada 200 ppm, sedangkan untuk campuran endosulfan + glifosat, laju konsumsi oksigen menurun dari (0,3376± 0,972) mg/l/jam pada 0,005 + 50 ppm menjadi (0,2841± 0,2057) mg/l/jam pada 5 + 200 ppm. Kisaran konsentrasi sublethal ini sangat mempengaruhi konsumsi oksigen kerang darah (Anadara granosa) yaitu laju konsumsi oksigen akan menurun jika konsentrasi endosulfan dan glifosat ditingkatkan. Kata kunci: pestisida; endosulfan; glifosat; Anadara granosa; bioassay; konsumsi oksigen
Pemanfaatan ekstrak daun inai (Lawsonia inermis l.) sebagai bakterisida terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila yang menginfeksi ikan lele sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Karina Sofyatuddin , Saputri Mimie , Naufal Muhammad 
Published: February 2016

Abstract. The objective of this research was to find out the effectiveness of henna leaf extract (Lawsonia inermis L.) on A. hydrophila in vitro and its effect on the survival rate of Clarias gariepinus that infected by those bacterias in vivo. The research was conducted at chemistry laboratory of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Syiah Kuala University and at Microbiology laboratory, Brackishwater aquaculture Department Center, Ujong Batee on Avril to September, 2015. The research involved in vitro test with the inhibition zone as measured parameter and in vivo test with the survival rate value as measured parameter. The treated concentrations were 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% of extract. The result of in vitro test showed that henna leaf extract was effective against A. hydrophila with the inhibition zone for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% extract were 5.45; 5.7; 6.5; 7.5; and 9.6 mm, respectively. The result of ANOVA test showed that henna leaf extract has a significant effect on the survival rate of catfish (P0.05). The best survival rate was obtained at 4% of extract concentration. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila; henna leaf extract; catfishAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun inai (Lawsonia inermis L.) terhadap A. hydrophila secara in vitro dan pengaruhnya secara in vivo terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan lele sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) yang terinfeksi bakteri ini dengan cara perendaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium kimia, FKIP Unsyiah dan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Balai Budidaya Perikanan Air Payau (BBAP) Ujong Batee pada dari bulan April hingga bulan September 2015. Penelitian ini meliputi uji in vitro dengan parameter uji berupa zona hambat ekstrak terhadap bakteri dan uji in vivo dengan parameter uji berupa nilai kelangsungan hidup ikan lele sangkuriang pasca perlakuan dengan ekstrak. Konsentrasi perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5%. Hasil uji in vitro menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun inai (Lawsonia inermis L.) terbukti efektif terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila dengan nilai zona hambat secara berturut-turut terhadap konsentrasi 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5% adalah 5,45; 5,7; 6,5; 7,5; dan 9,6 mm. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun inai berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan lele sangkuriang. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi ekstrak 4%.Kata kunci : Aeromonas hydrophila; ekstrak daun inai; ikan lele sangkuriang
Caracterização isotópica de CO2 dissolvido em águas subterrâneas em área contaminada por querosene de aviação, município de Paulínia (SP)
Authors: Bordignon Rogério , Teramoto Elias Hideo , Chang Hung Kiang , Hespanhol Emílio Carlos Bassinello 
Published: February 2016

<p>Uma nova metodologia de amostragem de gases dissolvidos em águas subterrâneas, em poços de monitoramento com seção filtrante abaixo do nível d’água é descrita neste trabalho. Os testes realizados, empreendendo a amostragem de CO<sub>2</sub> dissolvido em águas subterrâneas em uma área contaminada por querosene de aviação no município de Paulínia, SP, foram bem sucedidos e indicam que a metodologia é válida para os fins pretendidos. Diversos trabalhos atestam que a biodegradação é responsável por alterações nos valores do do CO<sub>2</sub>, carbono inorgânico dissolvido e CH<sub>4</sub> dissolvido na água subterrânea. As análises das amostras coletadas pela metodologia proposta indicam que na maioria das amostras a biodegradação não modificou a assinatura isotópica do CO<sub>2</sub> dissolvido na água subterrânea. Esses resultados decorrem das elevadas concentrações de CO<sub>2</sub> encontradas no solo e dos valores naturais de da área serem também empobrecidos em <sup>13</sup>C (~ -24,1 ‰), o que faz com que assinatura isotópica associada à biodegradação não fique evidente na maioria dos casos. Dessa forma, deve-se ter precaução na interpretação direta dos resultados isotópicos do CO<sub>2</sub> coletado nos poços de monitoramento.</p><p> </p>
Lateral-Torsional Buckling of Beams Elastically Restrained Against Warping at Supports
Authors: Piotrowski R. , Szychowski A. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract The study presents the results of theoretical investigations into lateral torsional buckling (LTB) of bi-symmetric I-beams, elastically restrained against warping at supports. Beam loading schemes commonly used in practice are taken into account. The whole range of stiffness of the support joints, from free warping to warping fully restrained, is considered. To determine the critical moment, the energy method is used. The function of the beam twist angle is described with power polynomials that have simple physical interpretation. Computer programs written in symbolic language for numerical analysis are developed. General approximation formulas are devised. Detailed calculations are performed for beams with end-plate joints. Critical moments determined with programs and approximation formulas are compared with the results obtained by other researchers and with those produced by FEM. Very good accuracy of results is obtained.
Does Fiscal Convergence Lead to tax Convergence? Evidence from the Eurozone
Authors: Țibulcă Ioana Laura 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Taxation is a major factor in political, economic, social and fiscal policy decisions. The current study looks at the eurozone Member States in order to establish if fiscal convergence towards the Maastricht criteria leads to tax convergence. The research method is sigma-convergence based on three different variation measures (the coefficient of variation, the Gini coefficient and the Theil index). The overall tax burden is used to define national tax systems. The research period is 1995-2013.
Slaughter yield and fatty acid profiles of fillets of pike (Esox lucius L.) caught before and after spawning
Authors: Zakęś Zdzisław , Pietrzak-Fiećko Renata , Szczepkowski Mirosław , Modzelewska-Kapituła Monika , Jankowska Barbara 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the impact pike fishing season (before spawning in fall (group A) and after spawning in spring (group B)) had on the slaughter yield and fillet fatty acid profile. The slaughter yield of fillets with skin and skinned fillets from the group B fish was significantly lower (by approximately 7.5% of body weight). The fatty acid profile of the fish meat from the groups examined differed significantly. The fillets of pike caught before spawning were dominated by unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), while those from fish caught after spawning had mainly saturated fatty acids (SFA). The share of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the fillets of fish that had spawned was sixfold lower, and the n-3 PUFA differences were nearly ninefold. The content of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids in fillets of fish that had spawned was ninefold lower than in those that had not yet done so. Consequently, the ratio of n-3 PUFA/n-6 PUFA in pike from group A was over three times higher than that in the fish that had spawned (2.61 vs 0.82). Fillets from pike that have spawned are a significantly poorer source of valuable fatty acids for consumers.
On the superstability of generalized d’Alembert harmonic functions
Authors: EL-Fassi Iz-iddine 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study the superstability problem of the d’Alembert type functional equation
$$f(x + y + z) + f(x + y + \sigma (z)) + f(x + \sigma (y) + z) + f(\sigma (x) + y + z) = 4f(x)f(y)f(z)$$
for all x, y, z ∈ G, where G is an abelian group and σ : G → G is an endomorphism such that σ(σ(x)) = x for an unknown function f from G into ℂ or into a commutative semisimple Banach algebra.
The Activity and Enthalpy of Vaporization of Nicotine from Tobacco at Moderate Temperatures
Authors: St.Charles F. Kelley , Moldoveanu Serban C. 
Published: February 2016

Summary
The vapor pressure of nicotine has been reported for unprotonated nicotine and for nicotine-water solutions. Yet no published values exist for nicotine in any commercially relevant matrix or for protonated forms (e.g., tobacco, smoke, electronic cigarette solutions, nicotine replacement products, nicotine salts). Therefore a methodology was developed to measure nicotine activity (defined as the vapor pressure from a matrix divided by the vapor pressure of pure nicotine). The headspace concentration of nicotine was measured for pure nicotine and tobacco stored at 23, 30, and 40 °C which allowed for conversion to vapor pressure and nicotine activity and for the estimation of enthalpy of vaporization. Burley, Flue-cured, Oriental, and cigarette blends were tested. Experiments were conducted with pure nicotine initially until the storage and sampling techniques were validated by comparison with previously published values. We found that the nicotine activity from tobacco was less than 1% with Burley > Flue-cured > Oriental. At 23 °C the nicotine vapor pressure averaged by tobacco type was 0.45 mPa for Oriental tobacco, 1.8 mPa for Flue-cured, 13 mPa for Burley while pure nicotine was 2.95 Pa. In general, the nicotine activity increased as the (calculated) unprotonated nicotine concentration increased. The nicotine enthalpy of vaporization from tobacco ranged from 77 kJ/mol to 92 kJ/mol with no obvious trends with regard to tobacco origin, type, stalk position or even the wide range of nicotine activity. The mean value for all tobacco types was 86.7 kJ/mol with a relative standard deviation of 6.5% indicating that this was an intrinsic property of the nicotine form in tobacco rather than the specific tobacco properties. This value was about 30 kJ/mol greater than that of pure nicotine and is similar to the energy needed to remove a proton from monoprotonated nicotine.
Globalisation of Cultural Circuits. The Case of International Awards for Fiction
Authors: Bacanu Horea 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In the international circuit of fictional texts from the last fifty years (perhaps even one hundred years, in some cases), several independent international organizations, academic and editorial platforms of critique and debate have been established. They have been organizing international contests, fine authorities of critical appreciation, evaluation and awarding of most prolific authors and most successful fictional texts: novels, short stories, stories or utopian and dystopian fictions. The allotment on cultural corridors, the geographical identification of both author and title dynamics which have been nominated at the most prestigious international awards for fiction demonstrates an increased emergence of several zones where wide international circulation texts were seldom, fifty years ago. In this paper, we suggest a reinterpretation and a comprehension of the political context from the contemporary fiction, by regrouping in one category, the three classical genres (historic novel, social novel, political novel) and also the universal fiction which implies characters and relations of power. Thus, we create a category which is known as „political fiction”. The increased individualization of this literary macro-genre called „political fiction” is also a creative answer to the high speed of circulation and at the general international amplitude with which contemporary socio-political novels are distributed.
Improvement of restless legs syndrome by nabat: a case series and new hypotheses for research
Authors: Seddigh Ruohollah , Keshavarz-Akhlaghi Amir-Abbas 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Background: Although many hypotheses have been suggested, the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome (RLS) has not been fully understood. In this case series, we describe eleven cases with RLS whose symptoms subsided by the use of crystallized sucrose. This kind of sugar, known as nabat, is used in traditional Iranian medicine.

Methods: Case series.

Results: All patients felt relief 30–60 min after taking 100 grams of dissolved nabat.

Conclusions: Sucrose seems to carry a special benefit for patients with RLS, and it provides evidence for growing literature demonstrating the different underlying mechanisms of RLS. Possible causes for this concurrence are also discussed.
Recognition and Its Discontents: Johannes de Silentio and the Preacher
Authors: Conway Daniel 
Published: February 2016

AbstractJohannes’ invocation of the hypocritical preacher marks the rhetoricaldramatic center of Fear and Trembling. His labor of expectoration has granted him the opportunity to measure himself against his unknown twin (viz., the hypocritical preacher) and his/their alter ego (viz. the knight of morality). As we see, however, Johannes squanders this opportunity to advance his quest for self-understanding. Refusing to recognize himself in the figure of the hypocritical preacher, he is altogether unprepared to acknowledge his own status and service as a knight of morality. Frightened by his sudden transformation, Johannes hastily steers “Problema III” toward the artless conclusion it receives in Fear and Trembling.
The Self as a Center of Ethical Gravity: A Constructive Dialogue Between Søren Kierkegaard and George Herbert Mead
Authors: Hjortkjær Christian , Willert Søren 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper examines the striking similarity between Kierkegaard’s and Mead’s theories of the self as relation, reflection and process as well as the normativity behind these theories. It is claimed that the theologian and the social psychologist share the view that the human being is an ethical being because its self is a dual relation; it relates to itself and in this relating it relates to an Other. Thus, regardless of their diverging views on the nature of this Other, they both define that of becoming a self as an unavoidable task: the task of standing in an ethical relation to oneself and to the Other. It is argued that differences in professions can be overcome: while reading Kierkegaard in the light of Mead helps to underline the relational character of Kierkegaard’s ethical notions, reading Mead in the light of Kierkegaard underlines the normative aspect of Mead’s social psychology.
“Ne Quid Nimis.” Kierkegaard and the Virtue of Temperance
Authors: Compaijen Rob 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this article I argue that-despite Kierkegaard’s seemingly harsh critique of temperance-it plays a crucial role in the ethics he worked out under the pseudonym of Anti-Climacus in The Sickness unto Death and Practice in Christianity. Anti-Climacus, following Socrates in the Philebus, thinks of the good life as a “mixed” life in which the different and opposed dimensions of human existence, peras and apeiron, are in due proportion. In Anti-Climacus’ ethics the process of realizing the “mixed” life does not, contra the Socratic conception, involve reason restricting desire, but, instead, the will (infused with self-knowledge) grounding imagination in the facticity of human existence. It is through this perfectionist process that we are able to imitate Christ, which is how Anti- Climacus ultimately understands the good life. Moreover, I suggest that we could understand this form of temperance as a virtue. In the conclusion I show that Kierkegaard’s seeming critique of temperance is actually a critique of mediocrity