bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolving Concepts in the Diagnosis and Management of May–Thurner Syndrome
Authors: Chamarthy Murthy , Sutphin Patrick , Anderson Matthew , Reddick Mark , Kalva Sanjeeva 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMay–Thurner syndrome is a common cause of left lower extremity venous thrombosis resulting from repetitive and dynamic compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common iliac artery, commonly seen in young to middle-aged women. The diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion. Computed tomography venography and magnetic resonance venography depict the extent of venous thrombosis and iliac venous compression in patients with underlying thrombotic and nonthrombotic pathologies, respectively. Contrast venography allows detection of acute and chronic thrombus, associated venous obstruction, and collaterals but is of limited value to evaluate the early venous wall abnormalities. Endovascular ultrasound is highly useful to detect early mural changes and accurately quantify venous narrowing. Endovascular intervention with balloon dilatation and stenting with or without pharmacomechanical thrombectomy followed by long-term anticoagulation is the preferred treatment with excellent technical and clinical outcomes. This review focuses on the current understanding of the pathology, clinical presentation, and endovascular management of May–Thurner syndrome.
Transjugular Liver Biopsy Following Orthotopic Whole Liver Transplantation: Challenges and Solutions. A Pictorial Essay
Authors: Kaufman Claire , Gaumond Jordana , Kaufman John 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRejection is a common problem after orthotopic liver transplant. The tissue is required for the rapid diagnosis of rejection. Many of these patients have contraindications to percutaneous liver biopsies. Transjugular liver biopsies in patients with liver transplants can be very challenging due to the modified venous anatomy. This article will review the different types of surgical venous anastomosis in patients with whole liver transplants as well as the challenges and techniques to overcome these and successfully perform a transjugular liver biopsy.
Utility of Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography for Delayed Intracranial In-Stent Stenosis in Nonatherosclerotic Cerebral Vascular Diseases
Authors: Kannath Santhosh , Rajan Jayadevan , Harsha Kamble 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNoninvasive imaging modalities are being used for long-term follow-up of intracranial stented patients of nonatherosclerotic etiology. The aim of this study is to determine the utility of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) source images in delayed intracranial in-stent stenosis. A total of 18 stented patients for nonatherosclerotic etiology were reviewed; all had follow-up digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and CE- and time-of-flight (TOF)-MRA. Four sets of MR images (TOF-MRA reformatted images, TOF-MRA source images, CE-MRA reformatted images, and CE-MRA source images) were reviewed for detection of ≥ 50% stenosis. Accuracy of each image set was calculated comparing to DSA. Overall delayed in-stent stenosis during follow-up DSA was 10%. The sensitivity of TOF reformatted image, TOF source image, CE-MRA reformatted image, CE-MRA source image are 33% (6/18), 55.6% (10/18), 77.8% (14/18), and 100% (18/18), respectively, while negative predictive value are 14.3% (2/14), 20% (2/10), 33% (2/6), and 100% (2/2), respectively. CE-MRA source images are equally efficacious as DSA to detect significant (≥ 50%) delayed in-stent stenosis.
Percutaneous Fat Transfer to Treat Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms: Preliminary Results
Authors: Adriani Ezio , Moio Mariagrazia , Di Paola Berardino , Salustri Walter , Alfieri Andrea , Parisi Paola , Ruggiero Marco , Borab Zack , Carlesimo Bruno 
Published: July 2017

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous aspirated and purified fat tissue injected percutaneously into the knee joint for the treatment of symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods We reviewed 30 patients, who received an autologous percutaneous fat injection for the treatment of knee OA, from January 2012 to March 2015. Mean patients' age was 63.3 ± 5.3 years (range, 50–80 years). Body mass index was 25.1 ± 1.7. Clinical evaluation was based on pain visual analog scale (VAS) and WOMAC score for functional and subjective assessment. We also noted the adverse reactions and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the posttreatment period.
Results All patients reported improvements with respect to pain: average VAS was 7.7 ± 1.2 at baseline, 5.2 ± 0.2 at 1-month follow-up, and 4.3 ± 1 at 3-month follow-up. A slight deterioration (5.0 ± 1.1) was evidenced at 1 year. Total WOMAC score was 89.9 ± 1.7 at baseline, 66.3 ± 1 at 1 month, 68.6 ± 1.7 at 3 months, and 73.2 ± 1.8 at 12 months of follow-up.
Conclusion Our preliminary findings suggest that autologous percutaneous fat injections are a valid treatment option for knee OA.
Level of Evidence Level IV, therapeutic case series.
Facial Defect Reconstruction with Scalp Skin Grafts
Authors: Voorman Matthew , Frodel John , Obourn Chelsea 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe objective of this study is to demonstrate the benefits of scalp-based split-thickness skin grafts as a reconstructive modality for facial skin defects, noting advantages relative to traditional harvest sites. The study is presented as a case series with chart review set in a tertiary referral center. We reviewed the charts of patients with facial skin defects whose reconstruction required more skin than could be harvested with standard full-thickness skin grafting techniques and, accordingly, included a split-thickness skin graft from the adjacent scalp. Preoperative and postoperative photographs, along with operative and postoperative records, were used to evaluate final cosmetic results and complications. We reviewed 15 patients, with ages ranging from 6 to 90 years. Common indications were skin cancer resection, avulsive skin trauma, and ear reconstruction. While patients generally had good cosmetic outcomes, with excellent color matching relative to traditional distant donor sites, a major advantage of the scalp donor site was low donor-site morbidity. Scalp donor sites were commonly reepithelialized at 7 to 10 days postoperatively and had low reported pain scores. There were no major complications. Reconstruction of facial skin defects that require skin coverage with split-thickness skin grafts can optimally be harvested from adjacent scalp skin, providing adequate cosmesis but, perhaps most importantly, much lower donor-site morbidity than with traditional nonhair-bearing donor sites.
Nose and Identity
Authors: Huizing Egbert 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis article explores the significance of the nose in daily human life. It presents examples of how a person's nose may dominate his/her life, how it is used as a nickname, considered an expression of his/her character, and may be a symbol of pride and wisdom. Also, examples from the literature and the arts are discussed. Cutting off the nose is the most severe humiliation as it deprives a person from his/her identity. In some cases in history the nose has been a means of identification.
Numerical Analysis of Nasal Breathing: A Pilot Study
Authors: Goubergrits Leonid , Heppt Werner , Zachow Stefan , Hildebrandt Thomas , Brüning Jan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCurrently, there is no fully sufficient way to differentiate between symptomatic and normal nasal breathing. Using the nose's total resistance is disputed as a valid means to objectify nasal airflow, and the need for a more comprehensive diagnostic method is increasing. This work's aim was to test a novel approach considering intranasal wall shear stress (WSS) as well as static pressure maps obtained by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). X-ray computed tomography (CT) scan data of six symptom-free subjects and seven symptomatic patients were used. Patient-specific geometries of the nasal cavity were segmented from these datasets. Inspiratory and expiratory steady airflow simulations were performed using CFD. Calculated static pressures and WSSs were mapped onto a common template of the nasal septum, allowing for comparison of these parameters between the two patient groups. Significant differences in WSS distributions during the inspiratory phase could be identified between the two groups, whereas no differences were found for the expiratory phase. It is assumed that one essential feature of normal nasal breathing probably consists of distinctively different intranasal flow fields for inspiration and expiration. This is in accordance with previous investigations. The proposed method seems to be a promising tool for developing a new kind of patient-specific assessment of nasal breathing. However, more studies and a greater case number of data with an expanded focus would be ideal.
Knee Septic Arthritis after Arthroscopy: Incidence, Risk Factors, Functional Outcome, and Infection Eradication Rate
Authors: Balato G. , Di Donato S. , Ascione T. , D'Addona A. , Smeraglia F. , Di Vico G. , Rosa D. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose Septic knee arthritis following arthroscopy is a rare but dreaded complication. Definition and management of knee deep infections are quite discussed in literature. In this review, literature regarding infections after knee arthroscopy is analyzed highlighting the incidence, causative bacteria, risk factors as well as clinical outcomes.
Methods We performed a review of the literature matching the following key words: “septic arthritis” OR “infection” AND “arthroscopy” AND “knee.” Knee arthroscopic procedures, such as debridement, meniscectomy, meniscus repair, synovectomy, microfracture, and lateral release, were considered. Complex procedures, such as ligament reconstruction, fractures, or complex cartilage repair techniques, were not included.
Results Thirteen studies were included in this review. Incidence of infection ranged from 0.009 to 1.1% in patients undergoing simple arthroscopic procedures. Staphylococci are the most commonly isolated organisms from postarthroscopy infection. Use of intraoperative intra-articular steroids, smoking, obesity, male sex, diabetes, number of procedures performed during surgery, time of surgery, and tourniquet time of more than 60 minutes have been certified as risk factors for knee infection.
Conclusion Postarthroscopy septic arthritis of the knee causes significant morbidity, usually requiring readmission to the hospital, at least one additional operation, and prolonged antibiotic therapy, both intravenous and oral. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are associated with a high success rate.
Level of Evidence Level IV, systematic review of I-IV studies.
Accuracy of Coracoid Bone Graft Placement: Open versus Arthroscopic Latarjet
Authors: Russo Adriano , Grasso Andrea , Arrighi Annalisa , Pistorio Angela , Molfetta Luigi 
Published: July 2017

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of the coracoid bone graft placement with the open Latarjet-Patte and arthroscopic Latarjet (arthro-Latarjet) procedures in the treatment of anterior instability of the shoulder.
Methods Forty-six patients affected by anterior shoulder instability were divided into two groups. In group A (n = 25), patients were operated by arthroscopic Latarjet (arthro-Latarjet) procedure and in group B (n = 21), patients were operated by open Latarjet-Patte procedure. Instrumental investigation was based on three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) at a minimum 1-year follow-up. Graft placement and integration, divergence and posterior protrusion of the screws, and glenohumeral osteoarthritis were considered as outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed with chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results Positioning of the coracoid graft proved to be optimal in 76% (19/25) of patients of group A and in 100% (21/21) of patients of group B (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.025). Screw placement with respect to the glenoid surface showed a posterior divergence in 44% (11/25) of patients in group A and in 24% (5/21) of patients in group B (p = 0.15). Posterior protrusion of screw was observed in 76% (19/25) of patients in group A and 71.4% (15/21) of patients in group B (p = 0.73). Graft integration was present in 76% (19/25) of patients in group A and 85.7% (18/21) of patients in group B (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.48). Mild signs of glenohumeral osteoarthritis were observed in 12% (3/25) of patients in group A and 28.6% (6/21) of patients in group B (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.26).
Conclusion Patients operated with open Latarjet-Patte procedure showed better results than those of the arthro-Latarjet group in reference to the positioning of the graft on the coronal plane (p = 0.025). No significant differences between the groups were observed for graft integration, divergence of the screws, posterior protrusion of the screws, and osteoarthritis.
Level of Evidence Level II, nonrandomized prospective comparative study.
Waugh's Syndrome: Report of Two Children with Intussusception
Authors: Khan Yousuf , Yadav Sunil , Elkholy Ashraf 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWaugh's syndrome (WS) is the rare association of intussusception and intestinal malrotation. We present two such cases in a 5-month-old infant and a 9-year-old girl. Both patients presented with intussusception and were diagnosed with malrotation during workup and surgical exploration. We conclude that the possibility of intestinal malrotation must be taken into consideration while managing children with intussusception.
Transcranial Electrical Brain Stimulation
Authors: Reis Janine , Fritsch Brita 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTranscranial electrical brain stimulation using weak direct current (tDCS) or alternating current (tACS) is being increasingly used in clinical and experimental settings to improve cognitive and motor functions in healthy subjects as well as neurological patients. This review focuses on the therapeutic value of transcranial direct current stimulation for neurorehabilitation and provides an overview of studies addressing motor and non-motor symptoms after stroke, disorders of attention and consciousness as well as Parkinson’s disease.
Modern Imaging in Neurooncology
Authors: Straube Christoph , Bette Stefanie , Pyka Thomas , Einhellig Heike , Zimmer Claus , Schwaiger Markus , Combs Stephanie 
Published: July 2017

AbstractImaging of intracranial neoplasms has significantly changed over the past two decades. This overview discusses the current state of diagnostic imaging for the three most common tumor types, namely gliomas, metastases and meningiomas, and describes the underlying technical principles as well as their application in diagnosis, treatment planning and follow-up.
Nutzenbewertung für Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden mit Medizinprodukten hoher Klassen: Die Abwägung von Patientennutzen, Evidenz und Zugang
Authors: Mühlbacher Axel , Juhnke Christin 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Einführung des § 137 h SGB V durch das GKV-VSG zielt auf die Nutzenbewertung von Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden mit Medizinprodukten der Klasse IIb und III. Zukünftig wird die Entscheidung über die Erstattungsfähigkeit durch hohe Anforderungen an die Dokumentation von Nutzen und Schaden gekennzeichnet sein. Zielsetzung der Nutzenbewertung ist die Operationalisierung des Patientennutzens. Auf Basis einer vergleichenden Feststellung des Nutzens kann eine rationale Entscheidung durch die Regulierungsbehörden ermöglicht werden. Das Verfahren der Nutzenbewertung sollte transparente Entscheidungsprozesse garantieren und die dem Verfahren zugrundeliegenden medizinischen und gesundheitsökonomischen Grundlagen sollten dokumentiert werden. Grundsätzlich kann die Nutzenbewertung in 3 Phasen unterteilt werden: Messen von kausalen Effekten einer Intervention, Bewertung der gemessenen Effekte und Entscheidung über die Erstattungsfähigkeit auf Basis der Aggregation eines Gesamtnutzens. Um den Besonderheiten von Medizinprodukten in diesem Prozess zu begegnen, stellen adaptive Studiendesigns, MCDA und die adaptive Nutzenbewertung im Zusammenspiel ein zukunftsfähiges Konzept für einen schnellen Zugang von Patienten zu innovativen Behandlungsmethoden bei hoher Qualität und Sicherheit dar.
A new composite measure of colonoscopy: the Performance Indicator of Colonic Intubation (PICI)
Authors: Valori Roland , Damery Sarah , Gavin Daniel , Anderson John , Donnelly Mark , Williams J. , Swarbrick Edwin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aim Cecal intubation rate (CIR) is an established performance indicator of colonoscopy. In some patients, cecal intubation with acceptable tolerance is only achieved with additional sedation. This study proposes a composite Performance Indicator of Colonic Intubation (PICI), which combines CIR, comfort, and sedation.
Methods Data from 20 085 colonoscopies reported in the 2011 UK national audit were analyzed. PICI was defined as the percentage of procedures achieving cecal intubation with median dose (2 mg) of midazolam or less, and nurse-assessed comfort score of 1 – 3/5. Multivariate logistic regression analysis evaluated possible associations between PICI and patient, unit, colonoscopist, and diagnostic factors.
Results PICI was achieved in 54.1 % of procedures. PICI identified factors affecting performance more frequently than single measures such as CIR and polyp detection, or CIR + comfort alone. Older age, male sex, adequate bowel preparation, and a positive fecal occult blood test as indication were associated with a higher PICI. Unit accreditation, the presence of magnetic imagers in the unit, greater annual volume, fewer years’ experience, and higher training/trainer status were associated with higher PICI rates. Procedures in which PICI was achieved were associated with significantly higher polyp detection rates than when PICI was not achieved.
Conclusions PICI provides a simpler picture of performance of colonoscopic intubation than separate measures of CIR, comfort, and sedation. It is associated with more factors that are amenable to change that might improve performance and with higher likelihood of polyp detection. It is proposed that PICI becomes the key performance indicator for intubation of the colon in colonoscopy quality improvement initiatives.
Bilingualism effects in Basque Subject Pronoun Expression
Authors: Rodríguez-Ordóñez Itxaso , Sainzmaza-Lecanda Lorena 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTheInterface Hypothesis(IH) (Sorace, 2011;Sorace & Filiaci, 2006;Sorace & Serratrice, 2009) proposes that structures involving an interface between syntax and other modules are less likely to be fully acquired. Whereas some studies have found evidence in favor of theIH(Michnowicz, 2015), others have reported that adult 2L1 and L2 speakers of differing proficiencies are equally efficient in acquiring the pragmatic constraints conditioning Subject Pronoun Expression (SPE) (Carvalho & Bessett, 2015;Prada-Pérez, 2015). In light of these contradictory results, this study tests theIHby exploring the acquisition of Basque SPE using naturally-occurring speech from 25 Basque-Spanish bilinguals. Results show that Basque L2-learners are responsive to discourse-pragmatic constraints. In fact, L2-Basque SPE is conditioned by a more complex set of constraints than native Basque SPE, for which we propose that L2 SPE results from a process ofcomplexification(Dahl, 2004), triggered by transfer effects from Spanish.
Botany and physiology.
Authors: Biddle A. J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

All legume crops benefit from the symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium which ensures a sufficient supply of nitrate through fixation to maintain growth and development of the mature crop. In agricultural systems, this supply of nitrogen is environmentally beneficial by reducing the crop's requirement for inorganic nitrogen application and also benefits a following crop, which is able to utilize the nitrogen residue left in the soil after harvest. This chapter describes the germination, vegetative growth, root development, flowering and pod development of peas, faba bean and Phaseolus beans. The botany and physiology of peas and Vicia beans is similar, though the natural weakness of pea stems is contrasted with the more erect habit of the stiffer-stemmed bean. Pea flowers are self-fertile, whilst pollination by insects vastly improves productivity in Vicia faba. Phaseolus beans are very varied in their growth habit and development and this variation provides a wide range of adapted types for both fresh pod and dry bean harvest.
Agronomy of peas and beans.
Authors: Biddle A. J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Peas and beans have specific requirements for successful crop establishment, growth and yield of high-quality produce. Whilst there are many similarities in agronomy, particularly between peas and Vicia faba, the requirements for Phaseolus beans are not too dissimilar. The successful management of crops is dependent on a number of factors, including the use of high-quality seed, providing a suitable location and soil conditions for sowing and the supply of adequate nutrients and moisture to maintain growth. In addition, crops must be protected from weed competition and pests and diseases. This chapter discusses the seed establishment, plant population, sowing rate and date, as well as nutrient and water requirements of peas, V. faba and Phaseolus. Although peas and beans have little requirement for the addition of nitrogen fertilizer, the use of inoculants for crops grown in soils with an absence of rhizobia is a further consideration. Peas and beans are very drought sensitive and water requirements and applications either by natural means or by irrigation can be critical.
Management of weeds.
Authors: Biddle A. J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

This chapter discusses weed management in large-seeded legumes such as peas, faba beans and Phaseolus beans, using herbicides, cultural, and biological control methods. The armoury of chemical aids to control weeds in peas and beans is very small and the number of active ingredients for effective selective weed control is not likely to increase. This is now leading to an increased reliance on cultural methods of weed reduction and increasing innovations in management techniques.
Almond harvesting.
Authors: Carbó J. L. E. , Connell J. H. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

This chapter focuses on almond optimal harvesting time, which may be defined as the stage when a very high percentage of fruits remain on the limbs, when kernels are of high quality and when the crop is ready to be harvested by the appropriate machine. The traditional harvesting systems in the Mediterranean region are described, including concepts related to the different harvest operations. The traditional harvesting systems use two approaches: ground picking and knocking down. The three main harvesting steps that must be considered are discussed: ground preparation, picking up nuts that have fallen to the ground and harvesting nuts from the tree. Controlling harvesting costs is essential in all almond-producing countries to keep almond growing profitable and to meet increasing demands in the future. A high level of mechanization using the best machinery for the conditions is essential, and cultivars and cultural practices must continually improve to keep orchards competitive.