bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study and comparison techniques in fabric simulation using mass spring model
Authors: Mozafary Vajiha , Payvandy Pedram 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to conduct a survey on research in fabric and cloth simulation using mass spring model. Also in this paper some of the common methods in process of fabric simulation in mass spring model are discussed and compared.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews and compares presented mesh types in mass spring model, forces applied on model, super elastic effect and ways to settle the super elasticity problem, numerical integration methods for solving equations, collision detection and its response. Some of common methods in fabric simulation are compared to each other. And by using examples of fabric simulation, advantages and limitations of each technique are mentioned.

Findings
Mass spring method is a fast and flexible technique with high ability to simulate fabric behavior in real time with different environmental conditions. Mass spring model has more accuracy than geometrical models and also it is faster than other physical modeling.

Originality/value
In the edge of digital, fabric simulation technology has been considered into many fields. 3D fabric simulation is complex and its implementation requires knowledge in different fields such as textile engineering, computer engineering and mechanical engineering. Several methods have been presented for fabric simulation such as physical and geometrical models. Mass spring model, the typical physically based method, is one of the methods for fabric simulation which widely considered by researchers.
Preparation of long-lasting fragrant worsted fabrics using polypropylene-imine (PPI) dendrimer
Authors: Akbari Somaye , Akbari Mehdi , Kish Mohammad Haghighat , Mazaheri Firoz Mehr 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
The production of long-lasting fragrant semi-worsted fabrics using dendritic compounds as one of the nano size materials is concerned. Also quantitative assessments of the odour intensity of the fragrant fabrics using an electronic-nose (E-nose) are made. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The semi-worsted fabrics were perfumed using the second generation of polypropylene-imine (PPI) dendrimer as a host molecules. The ginseng and rosewater fragrances as guest molecules were applied into the PPI dendrimer to produce long-lasting fragrant fabrics. The odour intensity as well as long-lasting properties of the fragrant fabrics perfumed recently and the other sample perfumed one year ago were evaluated via E-nose fabricated in our laboratory. Physical properties of the fragrant fabrics were compared to the non-fragrant ones.

Findings
The interaction between ginseng and rosewater fragrances with the second generation of PPI dendrimer into the semi-worsted fabrics made a long-lasting fragrant fabrics without considerable impacts on bending length, air permeability and wrinkle recovery angles based on statistical analysis. However, the effects of making fragrant fabrics on the increasing weight are significant. In addition, the E-nose was successfully used to monitor the release of ginseng and rosewater fragrance from the fabrics by the response patterns of a temperature-modulated chemo-resistive gas sensor. E-nose analysis showed that the aroma intensity released from the old fragrant semi-worsted fabrics has no obvious diversity from that of new fragrant fabrics.

Originality/value
The findings suggest that the semi-worsted fabrics perfumed with dendritic materials revealed excellent sustained release property.
The influence of clothing pressure exerted by girdle on inhibition ability of young females
Authors: Liu Yunjuan , Chen Dongsheng 
Published: August 2016

PurposeSince it has been regarded as an effective method to evaluate clothing pressure comfort with physiological and psychological techniques the purpose of this paper is to examine the effect on people s inhibition ability caused by the oppression from clothing on the body through event-related potentials (ERPs). A trial application of ERPs technology was made to evaluate clothing pressure comfort and investigate the relationship between some physical indexes of brain wave and clothing pressure. This research would also reveal the influence of clothing pressure on the thinking ability and mental activity of young women.Design/methodology/approachStroop color-naming task was utilized to test the inhibition ability of participants. In the present research, some components of ERPs (e.g. N1, P2, N2 and N450) and behavioral indexes (RTs, and errors rates) were detected to verify the change of physiology and psychology caused by the pressure imposed by girdle on the body.FindingsAt behavioral level RTs were slower for the group under pressure rather than pressure-free group with no significant difference in errors rate between the two groups. Based on the early component statistics of ERPs the Stroop effects of both groups were similar. Besides there was no prominent difference in the latencies and amplitudes of N1, P2 and N2 components except the N450 components. The inhibition ability of young women who had worn girdle for 8 hours decreased causing them unable to make a timely response and thus affecting their attentiveness and executive ability.Originality/valueThis study would clarify that it is feasible to evaluate clothing pressure comfort with ERPs as a physiological technique, and enrich relative methods.
Principles and hierarchy design of protective clothing for earthquake disaster search and rescue team members
Authors: Zhai Lina , Lin Xue , Xu Jingxian , Wang Yunyi , Li Jun 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Personal protective assembles protect searchers and rescuers from potential hazards when they enter the earthquake disaster field. Since the earthquake rescue work is risky and complicated, the corresponding protective clothing should meet with the protective, functional and comfort performance demands. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the design principles of this kind of protective clothing and present a design model based on the principles.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the requirements of the protective clothing were investigated in terms of environment, human and clothing. Then the design principles were analyzed by the hierarchy method in four aspects: protection, comfort, ergonomics and compatibility. Design approaches were also investigated in accordance with the design principles in three hierarchies.

Findings
Key design points were summarized in the selection of the shell fabrics and linings, clothing styles, constructions and specifications. Also, the overall design methodology of the protective clothing for earthquake rescue members was established.

Originality/value
This paper provided a theoretical basis and design model for the development of earthquake search and rescuers’ clothing.
Analysis of females’ preferences for buttock shapes with different ethnic backgrounds
Authors: Yao Xiaofeng , Wang Jianping , Ashdown Susan P. , Luo Shunhua , Shi Hui 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Understanding costumer requirements is a precondition for clothing design and manufacturing. A good shapewear designer should know women’s preferences for their buttock shapes before making patterns. The purpose of this paper is to figure out factors affecting the beauty of women’s buttock shapes and the effect of ethnic background to buttock shapes preference.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach utilized both 3D virtual models and 3D printed models to detect women’s preference for their buttock shapes. As a first stage, a two-step K-means cluster method was used to classify female buttock shapes into ten groups and these ten kinds of buttock shapes were output as 3D virtual models and printed out as 3D plastic models. In a subsequent stage, 51 Caucasians, 35 African-Americans and 49 Asians were selected to rank the models separately based on their preference and choose the factors which they thought could influence the beauty of buttock shapes. Kendall’s W coefficient was tested to help assessing the ranking results. Finally, a sample girdle was designed based on the buttock shape preferences of Asian females as an example, and was tested by a model.

Findings
Results showed some correlation between ethnicity and buttock shape preference. Both methods of presentation of the shapes were equally preferred by participants. Caucasian women preferred a full, round buttock shape, which was coordinated to other parts of the body. The attractive buttock shape as judged by Asian women was curvy, not drooping and not too big. African-American women choose buttock shapes that were very full with high buttock bumps as beautiful. A sample girdle was made based on the preferences of Asian females and it proved to perform well in creating the desired shape during the trial test.

Originality/value
Current research in the literature about women’s buttock beauty is based on plastic surgeons’ experiences. This study provides a novel method to analyze female’s preference for their buttock shapes; a method that can also be used for other body parts. The results can also be used as an indicator for underwear designers to improve shapewear pattern designs and for consumers to evaluate the shaping ability of shapewear.
An experiential model of consumer engagement in social media
Authors: Tafesse Wondwesen 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
This study aims to propose an experiential model of consumer engagement focusing on Facebook brand pages. Building on the brand experience literature, the study synthesizes the experiential affordances of Facebook brand pages along perceptual, social, epistemic and embodied dimensions and tests their impact on consumer engagement.

Design/methodology/approach
The study operationalized key variables of the proposed model at the brand page level and assembled pertinent data, using systematic content analysis, on a sample of Facebook brand pages (n = 85). Poisson regression tested the proposed model.

Findings
The findings indicate that brands that facilitate greater number of experiential affordances on their Facebook brand pages generated higher levels of consumer engagement. For both brand post likes and brand post shares, the contributions of experiential affordances were significant and positive.

Practical implications
The findings offer actionable managerial insights for brands seeking to implement an experiential model of consumer engagement on their fan pages.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature by proposing and testing an experiential model of consumer engagement in the context of Facebook brand pages. To date, the experiential value of Facebook brand pages has rarely, if at all, been tested in an empirical study.
Retail brand experience: scale development and validation
Authors: Khan Imran , Rahman Zillur 
Published: August 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a multi-dimensional scale to measure retail brand experience.Design/methodology/approachLiterature review and open-ended survey have been carried out to generate an initial pool of items. Item reduction has been done using exploratory factor analysis and validation of measures performed through confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. A total of six separate studies have been conducted to develop and validate the retail brand experience scale.FindingsA 22-item seven-dimensional retail brand experience scale is developed. The proposed scale has exhibited sound psychometric properties based on the findings from different reliability and validity tests, as well as from robust scale replications across several different samples. Findings support that retail brand experience has a significant impact on consumer intentions (word-of-mouth and pay more).Practical implicationsThis research develops a set of retail brand experience measures that can provide retailers a way to examine the experiences evoked through retail brand-related stimuli.Originality/valueThis study is the first of its kind of its kind that develops and validates the measures of the retail brand experience.
Consumers’ awareness of luxury brand counterfeits and their subsequent responses: when a threat becomes an opportunity for the genuine brand
Authors: Baghi Ilaria , Gabrielli Veronica , Grappi Silvia 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Taking the consumer perspective, this paper aims to investigate the effect of counterfeiting awareness on consumer advocacy behaviour towards the brand in a specific context, that is, the luxury brand context.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted two surveys among actual and potential consumers of the original brand. Study 1 demonstrated the mediating role of customer-based brand equity between the consumers’ awareness of brand counterfeits and their advocacy behaviour towards the genuine brand. Study 2 showed the moderating role exerted by consumers’ emotional attachment to the brand in this framework.

Findings
This work showed specific mechanisms underlying consumer responses to counterfeits, revealing a wide framework able to uncover important positive spillover effects on counterfeited brands.

Research limitations/implications
This framework should be tested on additional brands and integrated with further processes and individual variables to extend our knowledge about consumer responses to counterfeits.

Originality/value
This research recognises counterfeiting as a consumer-led process. The results showed the ambivalent nature of counterfeiting, that is, a threat and an opportunity for the counterfeited brand. In fact, actual and potential consumers are prone to protect the genuine brand. The consequent advocacy behaviour is stimulated by the attempts of consumers of fakes to take possession of the brand experience, and these activate actions of self-protection among consumers of the original brand. Interesting managerial implications are drawn.
The influence of dissolved organic carbon and ultraviolet radiation on the genomic integrity of Daphnia magna
Authors: Wolf Raoul , Andersen Tom , Hessen Dag O. , Hylland Ketil 
Published: August 2016

Summary

Many northern freshwaters are currently experiencing a pronounced ‘browning’, that is an increase in terrestrially derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Chromophoric DOC offers protection against photodamage by absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVR), but may also produce free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) following photoactivation. The aim of this study was to explore the combined effects of DOC and UVR on DNA integrity of limnetic zooplankton. Specifically, DNA strand breaks in the cladoceran Daphnia magna were investigated.

DNA strand breaks were assessed using comet assays with treatment of individual daphnids. A four‐by‐four design was used for exposure to DOC (2·03, 5, 10 and 20 mg L−1), UVA (0, 10·8, 21·7 and 43·4 μmol m−2 s−1 at 390 nm) and their combinations. ROS production from photoactivated DOC was quantified using a modified DCFH‐DA in vitro ROS detection assay.

While UVA had no effects on DNA damage above background levels (4·5–2·8%), we observed increased DNA damage in DOC treatments (4·1–9·1%). The highest increase was observed in combined DOC and UVA treatments (up to 20·2%). ROS production showed similar patterns, as simultaneous exposure to both DOC and UVA resulted in higher formation rates than exposure to DOC and UVA alone (up to 684·5 μmol L−1 vs. 5·9 to 13·1 and 27·5 to 83·9 μmol L−1, respectively). This indicates that the observed increase in DNA damage was due to ROS production of photoactivated DOC.

This study showed that strong interactive effects of short‐wave radiation and DOC could have major genomic impacts on pelagic biota. With future scenarios of increased DOC, our study points towards increasing oxidative stress for ecosystems. These findings highlight an important aspect of climate change at the intersection between ecology, limnology and toxicology.

A lay summary is available for this article.
Temporal dynamics of nutrient uptake by neighbouring plant species: evidence from intercropping
Authors: Zhang Wei‐Ping , Liu Guang‐Cai , Sun Jian‐Hao , Fornara Dario , Zhang Li‐Zhen , Zhang Fang‐Fang , Li Long 
Published: August 2016

Summary

The productivity of species‐diverse plant assemblages strongly depends on the temporal dynamics of nutrient uptake by competing neighbouring plants. Our understanding, however, of how rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) uptake might change through time between neighbouring plant species under field conditions is still very limited.

Here, we specifically measure the temporal trajectories of N, P and K uptake by staple food plants such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) when growing either in monocultures or in intercropping systems. We ask how (i) plant species combinations, (ii) N fertilization and (iii) film mulching might affect key indexes of N, P and K uptake over time. We fit logistic models to characterize the nutrient uptake trajectories.

Maximum cumulative N, P and K uptake (kg ha−1) by wheat and barley were significantly greater in wheat–maize or barley–maize intercropping systems than in wheat or barley monocultures. Cumulative nutrient uptake by intercropped maize (either with wheat or with barley) was reduced by interspecific competition at early growth stages, but it increased rapidly after wheat and barley were harvested. Maximum cumulative N and P (but not K) uptake by intercropped maize were significantly higher than the uptake by monoculture maize, particularly when N fertilizer or film mulching was applied.

Intercropping induced a significant temporal niche differentiation in maximum daily nutrient uptake rates (kg ha−1 day−1) between intercropped species. Fertilization had much stronger effects on maximum cumulative nutrient uptake of maize than that of wheat and barley. Mulching significantly increased the maximum cumulative nutrient uptake of maize and advanced the time to reach its maximum daily P and K uptake rates.

Our study provides evidence of an important temporal niche differentiation mechanism (‘temporal complementarity’) in nutrient uptake rates between neighbouring plant species. A better understanding of temporal trajectories of interspecific nutrient uptake rates remains crucial if we want to maximize the nutrient‐use efficiency and sustain overyielding (i.e. high food production) in plant species‐diverse systems such as intercropping.
Tree genetics strongly affect forest productivity, but intraspecific diversity–productivity relationships do not
Authors: Fischer Dylan G. , Wimp Gina M. , Hersch‐Green Erika , Bangert Randy K. , LeRoy Carri J. , Bailey Joseph K. , Schweitzer Jennifer A. , Dirks Clarissa , Hart Stephen C. , Allan Gerard J. , Whitham Thomas G. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryNumerous studies have demonstrated biodiversity–productivity relationships in plant communities, and analogous genetic diversity–productivity studies using genotype mixtures of single species may show similar patterns. Alternatively, competing individuals among genotypes within a species are less likely to exhibit resource‐use complementarity, even when they exhibit large differences in their effects on ecosystem function.In this study, we test the impact of genotype diversity and genetic identity on ecosystem function using an ecosystem‐scale common garden experiment. Distinct tree genotypes were collected across the entire natural range of the riparian treePopulus fremontiiin theUSA, and grown in 1–16 genotype combination forest stands. Due to the warm climate and irrigation of the planting location along the Colorado River (AZ,USA), mature forest physiognomy with trees up to 19 m tall was achieved in just five years.Several key patterns emerged: (i) genotype richness did not predict forest productivity, suggesting a lack of net biodiversity effects; (ii) we found differences among genotype monoculture stands comparable to differences in average productivity across all forest biomes on Earth; (iii) productivity was predicted based on genetic marker similarity in trees; (iv) genetic‐based differences in leaf phenology (early leaf‐on and late leaf‐fall timing) were correlated with >80% of the variation in tree and forest productivity irrespective of home‐site conditions.Large differences in productivity among genotypes can result in dramatic differences in forest productivity without resulting in diversity–productivity relationships that are present in species‐scale biodiversity studies.
Accumulation rates and sources of external nitrogen in decaying wood in a Norway spruce dominated forest
Authors: Rinne Katja T. , Rajala Tiina , Peltoniemi Krista , Chen Janet , Smolander Aino , Mäkipää Raisa 
Published: August 2016

SummaryMicrobial respiration in dead wood contributes substantially to the long‐lived forest carbon (C) pool and has a significant role in the forest nitrogen (N) cycle. Wood N content has been found to increase during the decay process; however, temporal dynamics and the sources of this external N remain unclear.To examine N dynamics at various stages of decomposition, we combined high variety of analytical methods on Norway spruce logs, including wood δ15N, N%,14C‐dating, fungal composition and N2fixation rate. For N2fixation rate, we also determined its dependency on ambient temperature and decay class, when estimating annual N2fixation rates for our study site.N2fixation was observed to have a major role in increasing wood N content during decay. For the most decayed wood, it accounted for 60% of the total N accumulation. Compared to other reports, where the annual temperature was similar to our site, the calculated annual fixation rate of 85 g N ha−1year−1is a low estimate. However, previous studies have not taken appropriately into account the dependency of N2fixation rate on ambient temperature and decay class. Our δ15N model describing the sources of external N, statistical analysis and the fungalDNAcomposition of decayed wood suggest that other sources of external N accumulating in wood were soil‐foraging wood‐decay fungi and mycorrhizal fungi.Our study improves knowledge of the temporal dynamics of N accumulation in wood with advancing wood decay, the potential sources of external N and their relative significance. All of these factors are important for nitrogen as well as carbon models dealing with ecosystem responses to climate change.