bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and Explanatory Mechanisms of Delays in the Patient and Diagnosis Intervals of Care for Breast Cancer in Mexico
Authors: Unger-Saldaña Karla , Ventosa-Santaulària Daniel , Miranda Alfonso , Verduzco-Bustos Guillermo 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
Most breast cancer patients in low- and middle-income settings are diagnosed at advanced stages due to lengthy intervals of care. This study aimed to understand the mechanisms through which delays occur in the patient interval and diagnosis interval of care.

Materials and Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey including 886 patients referred to four major public cancer hospitals in Mexico City. Based in a conceptual model of help-seeking behavior, a path analysis strategy was used to identify the relationships between explanatory factors of patient delay and diagnosis delay.

Results
The patient and the diagnosis intervals were greater than 3 months in 20% and 65% of participants, respectively. We present explanatory models for each interval and the interrelationship between the associated factors. The patient interval was longer among women who were single, interpreted their symptoms as not worrisome, concealed symptoms, and perceived a lack of financial resources and the difficulty of missing a day of work as barriers to seek care. These barriers were more commonly perceived among patients who were younger, had lower socioeconomic status, and lived outside of Mexico City. The diagnosis interval was longer among those who used several different health services prior to the cancer hospital and perceived medical errors in these services. More health services were used among those who perceived errors and long waiting times for appointments, and who first consulted private services.

Conclusion
Our findings support the relevance of strengthening early cancer diagnosis strategies, especially the improvement of quality of primary care and expedited referral routes to cancer services.

Implications for Practice
This study's findings suggest that policy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) should be directed toward reducing delays in diagnosis, before the implementation of mammography screening programs. The results suggest several factors susceptible to early diagnosis interventions. To reduce patient delays, the usually proposed intervention of awareness promotion could better work in LMIC contexts if the message goes beyond the advertising of screening mammography to encourage the recognition of potential cancer symptoms and sharing of symptoms with significant others. To reduce diagnosis delay, efforts should focus on strengthening the quality of public primary care services and improving referral routes to cancer care centers.
الجملة في اللغة العربية (دراسة تقابلية بين مدرسة النحو التقليدية والحديثة)
Authors: Roviin Roviin 
Published: December 2017

This article discusses about the difference between traditional and modern nahwu schools in studying of the Jumla (sentence). Jumla is a compound words because it is a combination of two or more words. Traditional nahwu schools agree that the jumla is any structure that fully benefits. The modern nahwu schools hold that the jumla is all statements consisting of two principal things, the first is the earlier one and the second is the last part which has the function of statement or question and the other. The traditional nahwu schools divide the jumla into two parts, the first is the ismiya and the second is fi'liya. The jumla ismiya consists of mubtada and khobar while the jumla fi'liya is composed of fi'il and fa'il. The division of jumla according to modern nahwu schools is the jumla basitho and the jumla murokkaba. The jumla basitho consists of one composition only, while the jumla murokkaba consists of musnad and musnad ilaih. The jumla ismiya can be defined as a musnad in which the form of words, phrases or compositions. Whereas if the musnad is a fi'il structure then it is called the composition of fi'liyah, either consisting of words, phrases or compositions.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DA’WAH AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A CASE STUDY ON INTEAM GROUP IN ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Syarmimi J. Nur Aimie , Ahsan Ambo , , Z. E. R., Fathiah , M.N. Rafidah, , M. Masnih, , A.A Affan Zahidi, , M. N. Khairunneezam, 
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Nasheed is an art and media of da’wah in Islam. In Malaysia, the songs of da’wah and divine is always welcome although various genres of new music are present. This study aims to examine the relationship between da’wah and entrepreneurship by one of the famous nasheed group in Malaysia which is Inteam.
Methodology: This methodology of this study is qualitatively conducted where entrepreneurs were interviewed via open ended questions. The specialist informants and interviewers were the tools employed for data gathering purpose.
Main findings: This study help to understand the concepts of entrepreneurs and its relationship with da’wah. It is hoped that the findings of this study would add a larger knowledge about entrepreneurs especially among Muslim entrepreneurs in Malaysia.
Limitations: This study is focused on two persons those were interviewed, which are Mr. Muhammad Hazamin and Mr. Mohd Syahril at Inteam records, at Damansara Kuala Lumpur. Their feedback were quite good because those respondent perfectly answered the questions.
Implications of the study will be elaborated together with recommendations for future studies.
The originality in this studies is, it should introduce element of da’wah even doing a business to be a good Muslim.
Nutrition Counseling on Group of First Thousand Days Of Life Effectively Improved Nutrition Awareness Knowledge and Attitude
Authors: Marchianti Ancah Caesarina Novi , Sakinah Elly Nurus , Diniyah Nurud 
Published: December 2017

Nutrition status in the first thousand days of life (FTDL) of 270 days during pregnancy and 730 days in the infant's first life is a critical period, since the resulting consequences are permanent and irreparable. There are still many problems in the group of FTDL around the campus of University of Jember which require intensive handling, such as stunting, low energy protein, anemia, underweight and etc. Methods of improving the quality of nutrition for the FTDL group can be done by increasing knowledge about nutrition through counseling by utilizing various media (posters, brochures, videos, demos and presentation slides). This study aims to determine how far is the effectiveness of nutrition counseling in improving knowledge and attitude awareness on nutrition problems. The method used was to give counselling on nutrition in the target groups (members of Posyandu Catleya A and B) and assessed changes by comparing the level of nutritional knowledge and attitude before and after receiving counseling. The results showed there were significant differences in the level of nutritional knowledge and attitude between before and after the counseling about nutrition and food processing technology. It can be concluded that this method is quite effective to raise awareness of FTDL group on nutrition problems.
Keywords: food insecurity, nutrition counseling, nutrition awareness
Correlation Analysis of Food Consumption Pattern that Induced Hypertension on Farmer in Rural Areas of Jember Regency
Authors: Astuti Ida Srisurani Wiji 
Published: December 2017

Food consumption pattern has been suspected as a factor that cause hypertension, whereas other than that it may also induced by another life style. Farmers’ hypertension prevalence is growing up in rural areas. This fact shows that the activity of farm as heavy as how farmers facing their problem in daily live. The aim of the study is explaining how the food consumption pattern of farmers induced hypertension meanwhile they are living in the rural areas, as the firsthand customer of the fresh product from farming and agroindustry. An observational analytic study by using asymmetry association of lambda was conducted to prove the correlation between hypertensive pattern consumption and prevalence hypertension of farmers. One hundred respondents (from Mayang and Ledokombo districts) were given food frequency questionnaire. The results showed the food pattern with high level of cholesterol, dairy milk and the product of it and using high mono sodium glutamate,were having a significant level of p value (< 0,05). It means there are strong correlation between them to hypertension prevalence.
Keywords: farmer, consumption pattern, hypertension
Comparison of the Effectiveness of 10% Sulfur Soap and 2-4 Ointment as Single Treatment
Authors: Zaelany Alief Ilman , Astuti Ida Srisurani Wiji , Sutejo Ika Rahmawati 
Published: December 2017

Scabies disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis mites has become a problem in a whole world especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Scabies has a very contagious nature especially in places with dense population levels like Islamic boarding school. Permethrin which is a drug of choice for scabies has a fairly expensive price so it is less effective when used in mass treatment. In Indonesia, sulfur preparations, especially 10% sulfur soap and 2-4 ointment are easy to obtain because the price is affordable and available at the community health clinic. The purpose of this study is to know the difference in effectiveness of 10% sulfur soap and 2-4 ointment as a single treatment and combination on scabies disease. In this clinical trial study, treatment was performed on 3 groups, 10% sulfur soap group (n=36), 2-4 ointment group (n=36) and combination group (n=36). The examination was done on days 8, 15 and 22. Data analysis using SPSS version 23 with chi-square test. The results showed that the highest recovery rate was in combination group (week-1 (22,22%), week-2 (63,89%) and week-3 (94,44%)) followed by 2-4 ointment group (week-1 (11,11%), week-2 (72,22%) and week-3 (88,89%)) and 10% sulfur soap group (week-1 (2,78%), week-2 (52,78%) and week-3 (75,0%). The results of the analysis comparing the 10% sulfur soap group with the combination group showed p value on all consecutive examinations p=0,013, p=0,339 and p=0,022. In the comparison 2-4 ointment group to the combination group obtained p value on all examinations respectively p=0,206, p=0,448 and p=0,394. The conclusion is combination therapy had the highest cure rate and statistically significant (p=<0,05) was obtained in comparison of 10% sulfur soap to combination at week-1 and week-3 examination.
Keywords: scabies, comparison of the effectiveness, 10% sulfur soap, 2-4 ointment, combination, Islamic boarding school
The role of Cholecalciferol in the Improvement of Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Mice Model
Authors: Sakinah Elly Nurus 
Published: December 2017

Insulin resistance is an important predictor of the incidence of diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D deficiency is one of the risk factors for insulin resistance, and there is a relationship between hypovitaminosis vitamin D with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Cholecalciferol is one form of vitamin D3. HOMA-IR levels are one of the parameters of insulin resistance. This study aims to prove that administration of cholecalciferol can improve insulin resistance conditions in diabetic mice model. This study used 20 mice divided into 5 groups negative control(STZ+propilen glycol), positive control (STZ+metformin), P1(STZ+cholealciferol 25ng), P2(STZ+cholealciferol 50ng), P3(STZ+cholealciferol 100ng). Mice given STZ dose 150mg / KgBB intraperitoneal to obtain hyperglycemia conditions. Administration of cholecalciferol for 14 days. The result obtained average HOMA-IR level after treatment is negative control(2,32), positive control (0,825), P1(0,975), P2(0,5), P3(0,3). The result obtained average HOMA-B level after treatment is negative control (2,76), positive control (11,92), P1 (18,4), P2(10,88), P3(35,35). The result of statistical analysis using Kruskall wallis test obtained p <0,005. The conclusion of this study is that administration of cholecalciferol may improve insulin resistance in diabetic model mice.
Keyword : cholecalciferol, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, streptozotocin
Syzygium Samarangense Leaves Ointment Enhances Wound Healing Process Of Skin Burn Based On Collagen
Authors: Insani Ain Yuanita , Prameswari Mega Citra , Muharrom Novail Alif , Hidayati Toyibatul , Nugrahani Arista Prima , Sakinah Elly Nurus 
Published: December 2017

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates the number of death in 2014 caused by burns is 265,000. Burns can caused skin damage as well as other complication problems such as dehydration, infection, and other multiple organ failures. Syzygium samarangense leaves contain flavonoids and saponins that can increase the activation of macrophages and TGF-B which is important to accelerate the process of collagen formation and wound healing process. Objective: Knowing the effect of Syzygium samarangense leaf extract on the healing process of burn based on collagen. Method: This in vivo study use true experimental design. We made burns by placing a coin that already heated in oven at 70ºC for 10 seconds. Rattus Wistar as experimental animals dividedinto 6 groups (n = 4) with details of Group A (normal), B (positive), C (negative). Groups D, E, and F were the groups that given ointment extract topically in doses of 15%, 30%, and 45% each day’s. Termination is done on day 7. Test statistics by using Anova and Kruskal Wallis. Results and discussion: From this research, Syzygium samarangense leaf extract can reduce the wound area (p <0,05) and increase the amount of collagen (p <0,05). Conclusion: Syzygium samarangense leaf extract ointment can accelerate the healing process of burns.
Keywords : Burns, Syzygium samarangense Leaves ointment, Saponin, Flavonoid, Collagen
Development and validation of a fast, simple, cost-effective and robust HPLC method for lisinopril determination in solid pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Bakovska Stoimenova Tanja , Piponski Marjan , Trendovska Serafimovska Gordana , Stefova Marina 
Published: December 2017

A fast, simple, cost-effective and robust chromatographic method was developed and validated for determination of the antihypertensive drug lisinopril dihydrate in tablets under routine operational conditions, without ion-pair reagents, high column temperatures and an acidic mobile phase. Taking into consideration all four different pKa values of lisinopril, the separation was optimized using the C18 column (end-capped, 150 mm × 4.6 mm 5 µm) and a mobile phase composed of methanol and ammonium (or potassium) dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) with a flow rate of 1.1 ml/min, UV detection at 214 nm and a temperature of 40 °C. These optimized conditions led to the production of a single and symmetrical peak for lisinopril. This mobile phase is suitable for different HPLC columns, which makes it appropriate for industrial quality control laboratories. The developed method was validated, showing excellent validation results and the possibility to be implemented for the determination of lisinopril in combined dosage forms with other active substances.
Identifikasi Komponen Kimia pada Umbi Bentul (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schoot) sebagai Pangan Fungsional
Authors: Fidyasari Ambar , Sari Rizky Mayang , Raharjo Sentot Joko 
Published: December 2017

Background: Nowadays tubers are mostly explored to determinetheir essential components. Colocasia esculenta (l.) Schottis one of tubers that its use has not been maximally explored. Objective: This research aims to identify the chemical components onColocasia esculenta (l.) Schott. Methods: The research stages include, first, the determination for finding out the right plant; second, the preparation and implementation (including theflour preparation andits proximate testing asthe carbohydrate, protein, fat, carbon, moisture and fiber testing); third, the flour extraction for obtaining the PLA and its PLA analysis using HPLC. Results: The result shows the chemical components of protein is 3.45%, fat is 0.31%, moisture is 6.07%, carbon is 2.14%, carbohydrate is 88.03%, and fiber is 2.87%. The yield extraction results are 2.9% and 9.0%. Conclusion: The flour extraction analysis displays polysaccharide proven by the presence of DP and DP5 of 72.356% and 87.98%. However,its sugar molecule composition has not been identified yet.ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Umbi-umbian saat ini mulai banyak dieksplorasi untuk mengetahui komponen penting yang terdapat dalam umbi tersebut. Umbi bentul salah satu umbi yang pemanfaatan belum dieksplorasi secara maksimal.Tujuan: dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komponen kimia yang terdapat dalam bentul. Metode: Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi pertama, tahap determinasi untuk mengetahui kebenaran tanaman yang akan digunakan. Kedua, tahap persiapan serta pelaksanaan meliputi proses pembuatan tepung bentul, pengujian mutu kimia atau proksimat tepung meliputi karbohidrat, protein, lemak, kadar abu, kadar air dan serat. Ketiga, ekstraksi tepung untuk mendapatkan senyawa yang diduga PLA dan analisanya dengan menggunakan HPLC.Hasil: Berdasarkan penelitian menunjukkan hasil komponen kimia protein 3,45%, lemak 0,31%, air 6,07%, abu 2,14%, karbohidrat 88,03%, dan serat 2,87%. Rendemen hasil ekstraksi tepung yaitu 2,9% dan 9,0%.Kesimpulan : Analisa dari ekstrak tepung terbukti mengandung polisakarida dengan adanya DP dan DP5 memiliki total 72,356% dan 87,98% namun belum diketahui jenis gula penyusunnya.
Perbedaan Kadar Hemoglobin, Asupan Zat Besi, dan Zinc pada Balita Stunting dan Non Stunting
Authors: Losong Nathania Helsa F. , Adriani Merryana 
Published: December 2017

Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem in children cause growth retardation which caused by poor parenting and inadequate intake. Low intake of macro nutrient and micro nutrient can affect to stunting in toddler. Intake of iron and zinc affect the incidence of stunting because iron and zinc affect growth hormone. In addition, low iron intake can affect hemoglobin levels in the body Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of hemoglobin level, iron and zinc intake in stunting and non stunting toddler. Methods: The research was an observational analytic with cross sectional design. The sample of this study were 42 toddler12-24 months in Tambak Wedi Public Health Center, Kenjeran Sub-district, Surabaya, 21 toddler each stunting and non stunting. The data were collected by measuring height, food recall 2x24 hours, and blood sampling for hemoglobin measurement with cyanmethemoglobin method. The data were analyzed using chi square test and fisher test. Results: The result of this study showed there was difference of hemoglobin level (p=0.009), iron intake (p=0.004), and zinc intake (p=0.000) Conclusion: Stunting toddler have a lower hemoglobin level, iron and zinc intake more than non stunting toddler. Mother of toddler should have to increase the variant food source iron and zinc to prevent stunting in the future. ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis pada anak-anak yang menyebabkan terganggunya pertumbuhan linear anak dan diakibatkan oleh pola asuh dan asupan yang rendah.Rendahnya asupan zat gizi makro maupun mikro dapat mempengaruhi kejadian stunting pada balita. Asupan zat besi dan zinc dapat mempengaruhi kejadian stunting karena zat besi dan zinc mempengaruhi hormon pertumbuhan. Selain itu, asupan zat besi yang rendah dapat mempengaruhi kadar hemoglobin dalam tubuh. Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan kadar hemoglobin dan asupan zat besi serta zinc dari makanan pada balita stunting dan non stunting.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 42 balita berusia 12-24 bulan di wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tambak Wedi Kecamatan kenjeran Surabaya, balitastunting dannonstunting masing-masing sebesar 21 sampel.Pengumpulan data menggunakan pengukuran tinggi badan, food recall 2x24 jam, dan pengambilan sampel darah untuk pengukuran kadar hemoglobin menggunakan metode cyanmethemoglobin. Data dianalisis menggunakan chi square test dan fisher test.Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan kadar hemoglobin (p=0,009), asupan zat besi (p=0,004), dan zinc (p=0,000) pada anak stunting dan non stunting.Kesimpulan: Balita stunting memiliki kadar hemoglobin dan asupan zat besi dan zinc yang lebih rendah daripada balita non stunting. Ibu balita sebaiknya meningkatkan variasi asupan sumber zat besi dan zinc agar dapat mencegah terjadinya stunting di masa yang akan datang.
Pola Konsumsi Makanan Sumber Yodium dan Goitrogenik dengan GAKY pada Anak Usia Sekolah di Ponorogo
Authors: Izati Imaniar Mahdiya , Mahmudiono Trias 
Published: December 2017

Background: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) is one of nutritional problem in Indonesia. Inadequate intake of iodine and excessive goitrogenic intake is are main cause of IDD. Objectives: This study aimed to determine factors associated with IDD among schoolchildren. Methods: This study was an observational analytic with case control design in Sidoharjo Village, Jambon Sub District, Ponorogo on May 2017. The sample was 62 students from the first – sixth grade of SDN IV Krebet. They are consist of 31 students suffer IDD and 31 students with non IDD measured from goiter palpation. The data was collected by interview using questionnaire, iodine and goitrogenic consumption using FFQ. Data were analyzed by using chi square, fisher exact, spearman correlation and logistic regression. Results: Dietary iodine source that are rarely consumed is seafood (79,03%). Dietary goitrogenic source that are often consumed is tiwul (48,39%). Logistic regression analysis showed that seafood intake is the most influence factor of IDD (p= 0,011). Conclusion: There was a relation between iodine intake and goitrogenic intake with IDD among school children. Meanwhile, there is no association between characteristic of family with IDD among school children.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium (GAKY) merupakan salah satu masalah yang ada di Indonesia hingga saat ini. Rendahnya asupan yodium dan tingginya konsumsi sumber goitrogenik adalah penyebab terjadinya GAKY.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan terhadap kejadian GAKY pada anak usia sekolah.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain case control dan dilakukan di Desa Sidoharjo, Kecamatan Jambon, Kabupaten Ponorogo pada bulan Mei 2017. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu siswa SDN IV Krebet dari kelas I-VI yang terdiri dari 62 siswa dimana 31 siswa menderita GAKY dan 31 siswa tidak menderita GAKY yang didapatkan dari hasil pemerikasaan palpasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode wawancara dengan kuesioner dan FFQ untuk mengetahui pola konsumsi makanan sumber yodium serta goitrogenik. Data dianalisis menggunakan chi square, fisher exact, korelasi spearman dan regresi logistik.Hasil: Makanan sumber yodium yang jarang dikonsumsi oleh responden adalah ikan laut (79,03%). Sedangkan makanan sumber goitrogenik yang sering dikonsumsi oleh responden adalah tiwul (48,39%). Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian GAKY yaitu pola konsumsi ikan laut (p= 0,011).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara pola konsumsi ikan laut, pola konsumsi telur dan pola konsumsi tiwul dengan kejadian GAKY. Sebaliknya tidak terdapat hubungan antara karakteristik keluarga dengan kejadian GAKY.