bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Great Book of Ireland - Leabhar Mór na hÉireann
Authors: Doibhlin Crónán Ó 
Published: September 2016

The Great Book of Ireland, Leabhar Mór na hÉireann, is an extraordinary modern vellum manuscript in a single volume which comprises the original work of 120 artists, 140 poets and nine composers. Produced in Dublin between 1989 and 1991, it has been acquired by University College Cork to be preserved in posterity on behalf of the Irish people.Conceived originally as a venture to create a saleable artefact which would help to fund the development plans of two arts organizations in Ireland, the original architects of the idea and editors of the end product were Theo Dorgan of Poetry Ireland and Gene Lambert of Clashganna Mills, with Eamonn Martin as business manager. Out of their initial meeting in March 1989 came the first tentative idea of producing an original artefact that would raise substantial funds for their charitable-status arts organizations, while at the same time being a venture worthwhile in itself. What was to emerge was a project of breath-taking ambition and scale – The Great Book of Ireland, Leabhar Mór na hÉireann, completed in 1991.Artists, poets, and composers were asked to contribute in their own medium what they believed represented their hopes, fears, dreams, or imaginings in the Ireland of that particular time, and which would have resonance in a thousand years - as the longevity of vellum allows. Each page of The Great Book is a unique artefact in itself, often multi-layered or palimpsestial in nature. The whole “united” in design by the work of the scribe, Denis Brown.This paper will describes the creation process of the book, its subsequent history, and future plans for the book at University College Cork.
Closest integer polynomial multiple recurrence along shifted primes
Authors: KOUTSOGIANNIS ANDREAS 
Published: September 2016

Following an approach presented by Frantzikinakiset al[The polynomial multidimensional Szemerédi theorem along shifted primes.Israel J. Math.194(1) (2013), 331–348], we show that the parameters in the multidimensional Szemerédi theorem for closest integer polynomials have non-empty intersection with the set of shifted primes$\mathbb{P}-1$(or, similarly, of$\mathbb{P}+1$). Using the Furstenberg correspondence principle, we show this result by recasting it as a polynomial multiple recurrence result in measure ergodic theory. Furthermore, we obtain integer part polynomial convergence results by the same method, which is a transference principle that enables one to deduce results for$\mathbb{Z}$-actions from results for flows. We also give some applications of our approach to Gowers uniform sets.
Bluff body drag manipulation using pulsed jets and Coanda effect
Authors: Barros Diogo , Borée Jacques , Noack Bernd R. , Spohn Andreas , Ruiz Tony 
Published: September 2016

The impact of fluidic actuation on the wake and drag of a three-dimensional blunt body is investigated experimentally. Jets blowing tangentially to the main flow force the wake with variable frequency and amplitude. Depending on the forcing conditions, two flow regimes can be distinguished. First, in the case of broadband actuation with frequencies comprising the natural wake time scale, the convection of the jet structures enhances wake entrainment, shortens the length of the recirculating flow and increases drag. Secondly, at higher actuation frequencies, shear-layer deviation leads to fluidic boat tailing of the wake. It additionally lowers its turbulent kinetic energy thus reducing the entrainment of momentum towards the recirculating flow. The combination of both mechanisms produces a rise in the base pressure and reduces the drag of the model. Both actuation regimes are characterized by complementary velocity, pressure and drag measurements at several upstream conditions and control parameters. By adding curved surfaces to deviate the jets by the Coanda effect, periodic actuation is reinforced and drag reductions of approximately 20 % are achieved. The unsteady Coanda blowing not only intensifies the flow deviation and the base pressure recovery but also preserves the unsteady high-frequency forcing effect on the turbulent field. The present results encourage further development of fluidic control to improve the aerodynamics of road vehicles and provide a complementary insight into the relation between wake dynamics and drag.
Adaptively constraining radar attenuation and temperature across the Thwaites Glacier catchment using bed echoes
Authors: SCHROEDER DUSTIN M. , SEROUSSI HELENE , CHU WINNIE , YOUNG DUNCAN A. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTEnglacial temperature is a major control on ice rheology and flow. However, it is difficult to measure at the glacier to ice-sheet scale. As a result, ice-sheet models must make assumptions about englacial temperature and rheology, which affect sea level projections. This is problematic if fundamental processes are not captured by models due to a lack of observationally constrained ice temperature values. Although radar sounding data have been exploited to constrain the temperature structure of the Greenland ice sheet using englacial layers, this approach is limited to areas and depths where these layers exist intact. In order to extend empirical radar-based temperature estimation beyond this limitation, we present a new technique for estimating englacial attenuation rates for the entire ice column using adaptive fitting of unfocused radar bed echoes based on the correlation of ice thickness and corrected bed echo power. We apply this technique to an airborne survey of Thwaites Glacier in West Antarctica and compare the results with temperatures and attenuation rates from a numerical ice-sheet model. We find that the estimated attenuation rates reproduce modelled patterns and values across the catchment with the greatest differences near steeply sloping bed topography.
Grounding line migration from 1992 to 2011 on Petermann Glacier, North-West Greenland
Authors: HOGG ANNA E. , SHEPHERD ANDREW , GOURMELEN NOEL , ENGDAHL MARCUS 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTWe use satellite radar interferometry to investigate changes in the location of the Petermann Glacier grounding line between 1992 and 2011. The grounding line location was identified in 17 quadruple-difference interferograms produced from European Remote Sensing (ERS)-1/2 data – the most extensive time series assembled at any ice stream to date. There is close agreement (20.6 cm) between vertical displacement of the floating ice shelf and relative tide amplitudes simulated by the Arctic Ocean Dynamics-based Tide Model 5 (AODTM-5) Arctic tide model. Over the 19 a period, the groundling line position varied by 470 m, on average, with a maximum range of 7.0 km observed on the north-east margin of the ice stream. Although the mean range (2.8 km) and variability (320 m) of the grounding line position is considerably lower if the unusually variable north-east sector is not considered, our observations demonstrate that large, isolated movements cannot be precluded, thus sparse temporal records should be analysed with care. The grounding line migration observed on Petermann Glacier is not significantly correlated with time (R2 = 0.22) despite reported ice shelf thinning and episodes of large iceberg calving, which suggests that unlike other ice streams, on the south-west margin of the Greenland ice sheet, Petermann Glacier is dynamically stable.
Ernietta from the late Edicaran Nama Group, Namibia
Authors: Elliott David A. , Trusler Peter W. , Narbonne Guy M. , Vickers-Rich Patricia , Morton Nicole , Hall Mike , Hoffmann Karl H. , Schneider Gabi I.C. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractErnietta plateauensis Pflug, 1966 is the type species of the Erniettomorpha, an extinct clade of Ediacaran life. It was likely a gregarious, partially infaunal organism. Despite its ecological and taxonomic significance, there has not been an in-depth systematic description in the literature since the original description fell out of use. A newly discovered field site on Farm Aar in southern Namibia has yielded dozens of specimens buried in original life position. Mudstone and sandstone features associated with the fossils indicate that organisms were buried while still exposed to the water column rather than deposited in a flow event. Ernietta plateauensis was a sac-shaped erniettomorph with a body wall constructed from a double layer of tubes. It possessed an equatorial seam lying perpendicular to the tubes. The body is asymmetrical on either side of this seam. The tubes change direction along the body length and appear to be constricted together in the dorsal part of the organism.
ADOPTION OF RICE VARIETIES – I. AGE OF VARIETIES AND PATTERNS OF VARIABILITY
Authors: WITCOMBE J. R. , KHADKA K. , PURI R. R. , KHANAL N. P. , SAPKOTA A. , JOSHI K. D. 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYFarmers who continue to grow old and obsolete varieties do not gain the benefits they could get from growing newer ones. Given the potential large scale of these foregone benefits, relatively few studies have examined the age of varieties that farmers grow. In three surveys, members of over 3300 households were interviewed to find the rice varieties they grew in 2008 and 2011 in 18 districts in the Terai, the low-altitude region of Nepal. This provided the first description of detailed geographical patterns of adoption of rice varieties and their ages that were repeated over time. There were large differences between district and individual varieties that showed specific geographical patterns of adoption. Such detailed knowledge on spatial diversity of varieties is invaluable for planning extension activities and developing breeding programmes, and cheaper ways than household surveys of collecting this information are discussed. Some of the factors considered important in determining this complex pattern of adoption were seed availability, growing environments that differed from east to west and the continued popularity of varieties once they had established markets. Rice diversity was low because a small number of rice varieties occupied large areas. In 2011, nine varieties covered at least 75% of the total rice area in western districts, just four in central districts and eight in eastern districts. Of these, most were released before 1995 resulting in a high average age of the predominant varieties – they always had an average age of over 20 years no matter which region or year was considered. Even though there were some large changes in varietal composition from 2008 to 2011, the average age of the predominant varieties remained almost the same. In a second paper in this series, we examine how these very low varietal replacement rates, that reduce yields and increase risk to farmers, can be accelerated using a participatory research for development approach called Informal Research and Development (IRD) (Joshi et al., 2012).
Social cognition in people with schizophrenia: a cluster-analytic approach
Authors: Rocca P. , Galderisi S. , Rossi A. , Bertolino A. , Rucci P. , Gibertoni D. , Montemagni C. , Sigaudo M. , Mucci A. , Bucci P. , Acciavatti T. , Aguglia E. , Amore M. , Bellomo A. , De Ronchi D. , Dell'Osso L. , Di Fabio F. , Girardi P. , Goracci A. , Marchesi C. , Monteleone P. , Niolu C. , Pinna F. , Roncone R. , Sacchetti E. , Santonastaso P. , Zeppegno P. , Maj M. ,   the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses
Published: September 2016

BackgroundThe study aimed to subtype patients with schizophrenia on the basis of social cognition (SC), and to identify cut-offs that best discriminate among subtypes in 809 out-patients recruited in the context of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses.MethodA two-step cluster analysis of The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT), the Facial Emotion Identification Test and Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test scores was performed. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to identify the cut-offs of variables that best discriminated among clusters.ResultsWe identified three clusters, characterized by unimpaired (42%), impaired (50.4%) and very impaired (7.5%) SC. Three theory-of-mind domains were more important for the cluster definition as compared with emotion perception and emotional intelligence. Patients more able to understand simple sarcasm (⩾14 for TASIT-SS) were very likely to belong to the unimpaired SC cluster. Compared with patients in the impaired SC cluster, those in the very impaired SC cluster performed significantly worse in lie scenes (TASIT-LI <10), but not in simple sarcasm. Moreover, functioning, neurocognition, disorganization and SC had a linear relationship across the three clusters, while positive symptoms were significantly lower in patients with unimpaired SC as compared with patients with impaired and very impaired SC. On the other hand, negative symptoms were highest in patients with impaired levels of SC.ConclusionsIf replicated, the identification of such subtypes in clinical practice may help in tailoring rehabilitation efforts to the person's strengths to gain more benefit to the person.
A 30-year experience with mixed-type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: a word of caution
Authors: Kogon Brian , Fernandez Jan , Shashidharan Subhadra , Kanter Kirk , Alsoufi Bahaaldin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundPatients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection can be problematic, particularly those with mixed-type pathology. We aimed to describe a cohort of patients with mixed-type anomalous drainage, highlighting the treatment challenges, and identifying risk factors for poor outcome.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical records of patients who underwent repair for mixed-type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection between 1986 and 2015.ResultsA total of 19 patients were identified. The median age and weight of patients at surgery were 18 days (with a range from 1 to 185) and 3.4 kg (with a range from 1.9 to 6.5), respectively. Venous anatomy included a combination of duplicate supracardiac (four), supracardiac and cardiac (11), and supracardiac and infracardiac (four) drainage. Out of 19 patients, six (32%) died within 30 days or the initial hospital stay; two additional patients died from progressive pulmonary vein stenosis at 72 and 201 days, respectively, resulting in 42% mortality within the 1st year. Follow-up data were available for 8/11 long-term survivors. The median follow-up period was 7.3 years (with a range from 1.8 to 15.7). Only one patient underwent re-intervention for recurrent pulmonary vein stenosis. For surgical mortality, no statistically significant risk factors were identified, although the risk trended to be higher (p⩽0.1) with lower age and weight, an infracardiac component, and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass. For 1-year mortality, the risk became significant (p⩽0.05) with a lower weight (p=0.01), an infracardiac component (p=0.03), and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (p=0.04).ConclusionThe surgical and 1-year mortality in patients with mixed-type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is high. On the other hand, among patients who survive past the 1st year, most have good outcomes without subsequent sequelae.
Modifying Evaluations and Decisions in Risky Situations
Authors: Maldonado Antonio , Serra Sara , Catena Andrés , Cándido Antonio , Megías Alberto 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe main aim of this research was to investigate the decision making process in risky situations. We studied how different types of feedback on risky driving behaviors modulate risk evaluation and risk-taking. For a set of risky traffic situations, participants had to make evaluative judgments (judge the situation as risky or not) and urgent decisions (brake or not). In Experiment 1, participants received feedback with and without negative emotional content when they made risky behaviors. In Experiment 2 we investigated the independent effects of feedback and negative emotional stimuli. The results showed three important findings: First, urgent decisions were faster [F(1, 92) = 6.76, p = .01] and more cautious [F(1, 92) = 17.16, p < .001] than evaluative judgments. These results suggest that evaluative judgments of risk and actual risk-taking may not always coincide, and that they seem to be controlled by two different processing systems as proposed by dual process theories. Second, feedback made participants’ responses even faster [F(1, 111) = 71.53, p < .001], allowing greater risk sensitivity [F(1, 111) = 22.12, p < .001] and skewing towards more cautious responses [F(1, 111) = 14.09, p < .001]. Finally, emotional stimuli had an effect only when they were presented as feedback. The results of this research increase our understanding of the processes involved in risky driving behavior and suggest efficient ways to control risk taking through the use of feedback.
Eukaryotic microbes, principally fungi and labyrinthulomycetes, dominate biomass on bathypelagic marine snow
Authors: Bochdansky Alexander B , Clouse Melissa A , Herndl Gerhard J 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In the bathypelagic realm of the ocean, the role of marine snow as a carbon and energy source for the deep-sea biota and as a potential hotspot of microbial diversity and activity has not received adequate attention. Here, we collected bathypelagic marine snow by gentle gravity filtration of sea water onto 30 μm filters from ~1000 to 3900 m to investigate the relative distribution of eukaryotic microbes. Compared with sediment traps that select for fast-sinking particles, this method collects particles unbiased by settling velocity. While prokaryotes numerically exceeded eukaryotes on marine snow, eukaryotic microbes belonging to two very distant branches of the eukaryote tree, the fungi and the labyrinthulomycetes, dominated overall biomass. Being tolerant to cold temperature and high hydrostatic pressure, these saprotrophic organisms have the potential to significantly contribute to the degradation of organic matter in the deep sea. Our results demonstrate that the community composition on bathypelagic marine snow differs greatly from that in the ambient water leading to wide ecological niche separation between the two environments.
Engineering surface atomic structure of single-crystal cobalt (II) oxide nanorods for superior electrocatalysis
Authors: Ling Tao , Yan Dong-Yang , Jiao Yan , Wang Hui , Zheng Yao , Zheng Xueli , Mao Jing , Du Xi-Wen , Hu Zhenpeng , Jaroniec Mietek , Qiao Shi-Zhang 
Published: September 2016

AbstractEngineering the surface structure at the atomic level can be used to precisely and effectively manipulate the reactivity and durability of catalysts. Here we report tuning of the atomic structure of one-dimensional single-crystal cobalt (II) oxide (CoO) nanorods by creating oxygen vacancies on pyramidal nanofacets. These CoO nanorods exhibit superior catalytic activity and durability towards oxygen reduction/evolution reactions. The combined experimental studies, microscopic and spectroscopic characterization, and density functional theory calculations reveal that the origins of the electrochemical activity of single-crystal CoO nanorods are in the oxygen vacancies that can be readily created on the oxygen-terminated {111} nanofacets, which favourably affect the electronic structure of CoO, assuring a rapid charge transfer and optimal adsorption energies for intermediates of oxygen reduction/evolution reactions. These results show that the surface atomic structure engineering is important for the fabrication of efficient and durable electrocatalysts.
Mechanochemical route to the synthesis of nanostructured Aluminium nitride
Authors: Rounaghi S. A. , Eshghi H. , Scudino S. , Vyalikh A. , Vanpoucke D. E. P. , Gruner W. , Oswald S. , Kiani Rashid A. R. , Samadi Khoshkhoo M. , Scheler U. , Eckert J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHexagonal Aluminium nitride (h-AlN) is an important wide-bandgap semiconductor material which is conventionally fabricated by high temperature carbothermal reduction of alumina under toxic ammonia atmosphere. Here we report a simple, low cost and potentially scalable mechanochemical procedure for the green synthesis of nanostructured h-AlN from a powder mixture of Aluminium and melamine precursors. A combination of experimental and theoretical techniques has been employed to provide comprehensive mechanistic insights on the reactivity of melamine, solid state metal-organic interactions and the structural transformation of Al to h-AlN under non-equilibrium ball milling conditions. The results reveal that melamine is adsorbed through the amine groups on the Aluminium surface due to the long-range van der Waals forces. The high energy provided by milling leads to the deammoniation of melamine at the initial stages followed by the polymerization and formation of a carbon nitride network, by the decomposition of the amine groups and, finally, by the subsequent diffusion of nitrogen into the Aluminium structure to form h-AlN.
Role of C/EBP-α in Adriamycin-induced podocyte injury
Authors: Zhong Fang , Wang Weiming , Lee Kyung , He John Cijiang , Chen Nan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPodocytes are terminally differentiated epithelial cells in the kidney glomeruli that act as a key component of the glomerular filtration barrier. Although the inciting injury to the podocyte may vary between various glomerular diseases, the inevitable consequence of podocyte injury results in their loss, leading to progressive kidney disease. Here, we report that the expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), a transcription factor known to interact with and activate PPAR-γ and NF-κB, is suppressed in the glomerular cells, particularly in podocytes, in human kidneys with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Genetic ablation of C/EBP-α in podocytes resulted in increased proteinuria, increased podocyte foot process effacement, and to decreased podocyte number in the setting of Adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy. Overexpression of C/EBP-α in human podocytes in vitro led to an inhibition of MCP-1 and IL-6 expression in response to TNF-α and IL-1β treatments. Conversely, augmented production of MCP-1 and IL-6 was observed in the glomeruli of C/EBP-α knockout mice and was associated increased infiltration of macrophages in vivo. Together, our data suggest that C/EBP-α mediates anti-inflammatory effects in podocytes to confer protection against podocyte injury and loss that may contribute to worsening glomerulosclerosis.
Sequence analysis of the Hsp70 family in moss and evaluation of their functions in abiotic stress responses
Authors: Tang Ting , Yu Anmin , Li Ping , Yang Hong , Liu Gaojing , Liu Li 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe 70-kD heat shock proteins (Hsp70s) are highly conserved molecular chaperones that play essential roles in cellular processes including abiotic stress responses. Physcomitrella patens serves as a representative of the first terrestrial plants and can recover from serious dehydration. To assess the possible relationship between P. patens Hsp70s and dehydration tolerance, we analyzed the P. patens genome and found at least 21 genes encoding Hsp70s. Gene structure and motif composition were relatively conserved in each subfamily. The intron-exon structure of PpcpHsp70-2 was different from that of other PpcpHsp70s; this gene exhibits several forms of intron retention, indicating that introns may play important roles in regulating gene expression. We observed expansion of Hsp70s in P. patens, which may reflect adaptations related to development and dehydration tolerance and results mainly from tandem and segmental duplications. Expression profiles of rice, Arabidopsis and P. patens Hsp70 genes revealed that more than half of the Hsp70 genes were responsive to ABA, salt and drought. The presence of overrepresented cis-elements (DOFCOREZM and GCCCORE) among stress-responsive Hsp70s suggests that they share a common regulatory pathway. Moss plants overexpressing PpcpHsp70-2 showed salt and dehydration tolerance, further supporting a role in adaptation to land. This work highlights directions for future functional analyses of Hsp70s.