bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Quinazoline Synthesis via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular C—H Functionalization of Benzimidates with Dioxazolones.
Authors: Wang Jie , Zha Shanke , Chen Kehao , Zhang Feifei , Song Chao , Zhu Jin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe reaction tolerates various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized 1,3,2‐Benzodiazaborole Cores Using Bench‐Stable Components.
Authors: Davies Geraint H. M. , Molander Gary A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe reaction between 2‐phenylenediamines and diverse aryl, hetaryl, alkenyl or alkyl trifluoroborates tolerates various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Diterpenoids and Phenanthrenones from the Leaves and Stems of Strophioblachia fimbricalyx.
Authors: Xu You‐kai , et al.  
Published: August 2016

AbstractFive new compounds, namely fimbricalyxoid A, fimbricalyxoid B (II), fimbricalyxoid C (III), fimbricalyxoid D (IV), and 13‐O‐methylfimbricalyx B (V), together with five known compounds are isolated from the leaves and stems of Strophioblachia fimbricalyx.
ChemInform Abstract: Racemic Alkaloids from Macleaya cordata: Structural Elucidation, Chiral Resolution, and Cytotoxic, Antibacterial Activities.
Authors: Sai Chun‐Mei , Li Da‐Hong , Li Sheng‐Ge , Han Tong , Guo Yong‐Zhi , Pei Yue‐Hu , Bai Jiao , Jing Yong‐Kui , Li Zhan‐Lin , Hua Hui‐Ming 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMacleayins C‐E are isolated as racemic mixtures and separated by chiral‐phase HPLC to give the pure enantiomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Three New Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Derivatives from Liparis nervosa
Authors: Huang Shuai , Zhong De‐Xin , Shan Lian‐Hai , Zheng Ye‐Zi , Zhang Zhi‐Kuan , Bu Ya‐Heng , Ma Hong‐Wen , Zhou Xian‐Li 
Published: August 2016

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxic activity of three new pyrrolizidine alkaloids named nervosine VII, VIII, and IX
ChemInform Abstract: A New Polyketide Synthase—Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Hybrid Metabolite from Plant Endophytic Fungus Periconia sp.
Authors: Zhang De‐Wu , Tao Xiao‐Yu , Liu Ji‐Mei , Chen Ri‐Dao , Zhang Min , Fang Xiao‐Mei , Yu Li‐Yan , Dai Jun‐Gui 
Published: August 2016

Abstractisolation, structural elucidation and biological activity of a new polyketide (I) named pericoannosin B
Vielfalt organischer Arsenverbindungen
Authors: Hille‐Rehfeld Annelle 
Published: August 2016

AbstractArsen, berüchtigt als Mordgift, ist im biogeochemischen Kreislauf allgegenwärtig. Seine Oxidationsstufen V, III, 0 und ‐III erlauben eine Vielfalt von Redox‐Reaktionen im Zellstoffwechsel, vor allem bei Mikroorganismen. Eine bislang unbekannte Vielfalt an organischen Arsenverbindungen mit Ähnlichkeiten zu Stickstoff‐ oder Phosphor‐haltigen Metaboliten stellt die toxikologische Forschung vor neue Herausforderungen.
Insights into the in vitro Anticancer Effects of Diruthenium‐1
Authors: Koceva‐Chyła Aneta , Matczak Karolina , Hikisz Msc. Paweł , Durka Msc. Kamil , Kochel Msc. Krzysztof , Süss‐Fink Georg , Furrer Julien , Kowalski Konrad 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe in vitro anticancer activity of the dinuclear trithiolato‐bridged arene ruthenium complex diruthenium‐1 (DiRu‐1) was evaluated against a panel of human cancer cell lines used as in vitro models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2 cells), estrogen‐responsive breast adenocarcinoma (MCF‐7 cells), and triple‐negative breast adenocarcinoma (MDA‐MB‐231 cells). DiRu‐1 is highly cytotoxic to these cell lines, demonstrating half‐maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) in the low‐nanomolar range (77±1.4 to 268.2±4.4 nm). The main molecular mechanisms responsible for the high cytotoxicity of DiRu‐1 against the most responsive MCF‐7 cell line (IC50=77±1.4 nm)were investigated on the basis of the capacity of DiRu‐1 to induce oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage, and to inhibit the cell cycle and proliferation. The results show that DiRu‐1 triggers caspase‐dependent apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells on both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Moreover, the Ru complex also causes necrosis, mitotic catastrophe, and autophagy. DiRu‐1 increases the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a significant role in its cytotoxicity and pro‐apoptotic activity. An important mechanism of the anticancer activity of DiRu‐1 appears to be the induction of DNA lesions, mainly due to apoptotic DNA fragmentation and cell‐cycle arrest at the G2/M checkpoint. These changes are correlated with the concentration of DiRu‐1, the duration of the cell treatment, and the post‐treatment time.
Ionotropic glutamate receptors: Which ones, when, and where in the mammalian neocortex
Authors: Hadzic Minela , Jack Alexander , Wahle Petra 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTA multitude of 18 iGluR receptor subunits, many of which are diversified by splicing and RNA editing, localize to >20 excitatory and inhibitory neocortical neuron types defined by physiology, morphology, and transcriptome in addition to various types of glial, endothelial, and blood cells. Here we have compiled the published expression of iGluR subunits in the areas and cell types of developing and adult cortex of rat, mouse, carnivore, bovine, monkey, and human as determined with antibody‐ and mRNA‐based techniques. iGluRs are differentially expressed in the cortical areas and in the species, and all have a unique developmental pattern. Differences are quantitative rather than a mere absence/presence of expression. iGluR are too ubiquitously expressed and of limited use as markers for areas or layers. A focus has been the iGluR profile of cortical interneuron types. For instance, GluK1 and GluN3A are enriched in, but not specific for, interneurons; moreover, the interneurons expressing these subunits belong to different types. Adressing the types is still a major hurdle because type‐specific markers are lacking, and the frequently used neuropeptide/CaBP signatures are subject to regulation by age and activity and vary as well between species and areas. RNA‐seq reveals almost all subunits in the two morphofunctionally characterized interneuron types of adult cortical layer I, suggesting a fairly broad expression at the RNA level. It remains to be determined whether all proteins are synthesized, to which pre‐ or postsynaptic subdomains in a given neuron type they localize, and whether all are involved in synaptic transmission. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:976–1033, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stem and progenitor cells of the mammalian olfactory epithelium: Taking poietic license
Authors: Schwob James E. , Jang Woochan , Holbrook Eric H. , Lin Brian , Herrick Daniel B. , Peterson Jesse N. , Hewitt Coleman Julie 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe capacity of the olfactory epithelium (OE) for lifelong neurogenesis and regeneration depends on the persistence of neurocompetent stem cells, which self‐renew as well as generating all of the cell types found within the nasal epithelium. This Review focuses on the types of stem and progenitor cells in the epithelium and their regulation. Both horizontal basal cells (HBCs) and some among the population of globose basal cells (GBCs) are stem cells, but the two types plays vastly different roles. The GBC population includes the basal cells that proliferate in the uninjured OE and is heterogeneous with respect to transcription factor expression. From upstream in the hierarchy to downstream, GBCs encompass 1) Sox2+/Pax6+ stem‐like cells that are totipotent and self‐renew over the long term, 2) Ascl1+ transit‐amplifying progenitors with a limited capacity for expansive proliferation, and 3) Neurog1+/NeuroD1+ immediate precursor cells that make neurons directly. In contrast, the normally quiescent HBCs are activated to multipotency and proliferate when sustentacular cells are killed, but not when only OSNs die, indicating that HBCs are reserve stem cells that respond to severe epithelial injury. The master regulator of HBC activation is the ΔN isoform of the transcription factor p63; eliminating ΔNp63 unleashes HBC multipotency. Notch signaling, via Jagged1 ligand on Sus cells and Notch1 and Notch2 receptors on HBCs, is likely to play a major role in setting the level of p63 expression. Thus, ΔNp63 becomes a potential therapeutic target for reversing the neurogenic exhaustion characteristic of the aged OE. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1034–1054, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Copper‐Based Metal–Organic Porous Materials for CO2 Electrocatalytic Reduction to Alcohols
Authors: Albo Jonathan , Vallejo Daniel , Beobide Garikoitz , Castillo Oscar , Castaño Pedro , Irabien Angel 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 has been investigated using four Cu‐based metal–organic porous materials supported on gas diffusion electrodes, namely, (1) HKUST‐1 metal–organic framework (MOF), [Cu3(μ6‐C9H3O6)2]n; (2) CuAdeAce MOF, [Cu3(μ3‐C5H4N5)2]n; (3) CuDTA mesoporous metal–organic aerogel (MOA), [Cu(μ‐C2H2N2S2)]n; and (4) CuZnDTA MOA, [Cu0.6Zn0.4(μ‐C2H2N2S2)]n. The electrodes show relatively high surface areas, accessibilities, and exposure of the Cu catalytic centers as well as favorable electrocatalytic CO2 reduction performance, that is, they have a high efficiency for the production of methanol and ethanol in the liquid phase. The maximum cumulative Faradaic efficiencies for CO2 conversion at HKUST‐1‐, CuAdeAce‐, CuDTA‐, and CuZnDTA‐based electrodes are 15.9, 1.2, 6, and 9.9 %, respectively, at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, an electrolyte‐flow/area ratio of 3 mL min cm−2, and a gas‐flow/area ratio of 20 mL min cm−2. We can correlate these observations with the structural features of the electrodes. Furthermore, HKUST‐1‐ and CuZnDTA‐based electrodes show stable electrocatalytic performance for 17 and 12 h, respectively.
Dopant‐Free Donor (D)–π–D–π–D Conjugated Hole‐Transport Materials for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Fei , Liu Xicheng , Yi Chenyi , Bi Dongqin , Luo Jingshan , Wang Shirong , Li Xianggao , Xiao Yin , Zakeeruddin Shaik Mohammed , Grätzel Michael 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThree novel hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) using the 4‐methoxytriphenylamine (MeOTPA) core were designed and synthesized. The energy levels of the HTMs were tuned to match the perovskite energy levels by introducing symmetrical electron‐donating groups linked with olefinic bonds as the π bridge. The methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) perovskite solar cells based on the new HTM Z34 (see main text for structure) exhibited a remarkable overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.1 % without any dopants or additives, which is comparable to 16.7 % obtained by a p‐doped 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis‐(N,N‐di‐4‐methoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD)‐based device fabricated under the same conditions. Importantly, the devices based on the three new HTMs show relatively improved stability compared to devices based on spiro‐OMeTAD when aged under ambient air containing 30 % relative humidity in the dark.
Contrasting the hydrologic response due to land cover and climate change in a mountain headwaters system
Authors: Pribulick Christine E. , Foster Lauren M. , Bearup Lindsay A. , Navarre‐Sitchler Alexis K. , Williams Kenneth H. , Carroll Rosemary W.H. , Maxwell Reed M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractLand cover change due to drought and insect‐induced tree mortality or altered vegetation succession is one of the many consequences of anthropogenic climate change. While the hydrologic response to land cover change and increases in temperature have been explored independently, few studies have compared these two impacts in a systematic manner. These changes are particularly important in snow‐dominated, headwaters systems that provide streamflow for continental river systems. Here we study the hydrologic impacts of both vegetation change and climate warming along three transects in a mountain headwaters watershed using an integrated hydrologic model. Results show that while impacts due to warming generally outweigh those resulting from vegetation change, the inherent variability within the transects provides varying degrees of response. The combination of both vegetation change and warming results in greater changes to streamflow amount and timing than either impact individually, indicating a nonlinear response from these systems to multiple perturbations. The complexity of response underscores the need to integrate observational data and the challenge of deciphering hydrologic impacts from proxy studies.
Central sensitization as a determinant of patients’ benefit from total hip and knee replacement
Authors: Wylde V. , Sayers A. , Odutola A. , Gooberman‐Hill R. , Dieppe P. , Blom A.W. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundDiscrepancies exist between osteoarthritic joint changes and pain severity before and after total hip (THR) and knee (TKR) replacement. This study investigated whether the interaction between pre‐operative widespread hyperalgesia and severity of radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) was associated with pain severity before and after joint replacement.MethodsData were analysed from 232 patients receiving THR and 241 receiving TKR. Pain was assessed pre‐operatively and at 12 months post‐operatively using the WOMAC Pain Scale. Widespread hyperalgesia was assessed through forearm pressure pain thresholds (PPTs). Radiographic OA was evaluated using the Kellgren and Lawrence scheme. Statistical analysis was conducted using multilevel models, and adjusted for confounding variables.ResultsPre‐operative: In knee patients, there was weak evidence that the effect of PPTs on pain severity was greater in patients with more severe OA (Grade 3 OA: ß = 0.96 vs. Grade 4: ß = 4.03), indicating that in these patients higher PPTs (less widespread hyperalgesia) was associated with less severe pain. In hip patients, the effect of PPTs on pain did not differ with radiographic OA (Grade 3 OA: ß = 3.95 vs. Grade 4: ß = 3.67).Post‐operative: There was weak evidence that knee patients with less severe OA who had greater widespread hyperalgesia benefitted less from surgery (Grade 3 OA: ß = 2.28; 95% CI −1.69 to 6.25). Conversely, there was weak evidence that hip patients with more severe OA who had greater widespread hyperalgesia benefitted more from surgery (Grade 4 OA: ß = −2.92; 95% CI −6.58 to 0.74).ConclusionsWidespread sensitization may be a determinant of how much patients benefit from joint replacement, but the effect varies by joint and severity of structural joint changes.SignificancePre‐operative widespread hyperalgesia and radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) severity may influence how much patients benefit from joint replacement. Patients undergoing knee replacement with less severe OA and greater widespread hyperalgesia benefitted less from surgery than patients with less hyperalgesia. Patients undergoing hip replacement with more severe OA and greater widespread hyperalgesia benefitted more than patients with less hyperalgesia.
A Novel Solid‐state Electrochemiluminescent Enantioselective Sensor for Ascorbic Acid and Isoascorbic Acid
Authors: Zhu Shu , Lin Xia , Wang Qinghong , Xia Qiao , Ran Peiyao , Fu Yingzi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel, stable, solid‐state and stereoselective electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor has been designed to enantioselectively discriminate ascorbic acid (AA) and isoascorbic acid (IAA) by immobilizing Ru(bpy)32+ (Ru), thiolated β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD‐SH) and gold/platinum hybrid nanoparticles supported on multiwalled carbon nanotube/silica coaxial nanocables (GP‐CSCN) on glassy carbon electrode. All chemical compounds could be immobilized on the surface of electrode stably through nafion film, and high stereoselectivity could be introduced to the sensor via the synergistic effects of the β‐CD‐SH and GP‐CSCN nanomaterials. When the developed sensor interacted with AA and IAA, obvious difference of ECL intensities was observed, and a larger intensity was obtained from AA, which indicated that this strategy could be employed to enantioselectively recognize AA and IAA. As a result, ECL technique might act as a promising method for recognition of chiral compounds.
A Novel Hybrid Nano‐composite Grafted Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Based Sensor for Sensitive Determination of Efavirenz
Authors: Raj Mamta , Gupta Pankaj , Thapliyal Neeta , Goyal Rajendra N. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel, facile fabrication, based on electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO), grafted with Pt nanoparticles and Nafion hybrid nano‐composite (ErGO‐Pt/Nafion) on the surface of edge plane pyrolytic graphite (EPPG) has been reported. The fabricated sensor has been used for the sensitive and selective determination of efavirenz (EFZ), a well‐known drug for HIV infections. The ErGO‐Pt/Nafion film was characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE‐SEM), Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (EDS) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results reveal that the modified sensor displays an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of EFZ and exhibits a large linear dynamic relationship in the range of 0.05 μM to 150 μM, with a detection limit of 1.8 nM. Practical utility of the developed sensor has been demonstrated by determining the EFZ in biological fluids and pharmaceutical samples and a low detection limit with high sensitivity observed makes it valuable for the clinical diagnosis.
Allometric scaling of brain regions to intra‐cranial volume: An epidemiological MRI study
Authors: de Jong Laura W. , Vidal Jean‐Sébastien , Forsberg Lars E. , Zijdenbos Alex P. , Haight Thaddeus ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Sigurdsson Sigurdur , Gudnason Vilmundur , van Buchem Mark A. , Launer Lenore J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThere is growing evidence that sub‐structures of the brain scale allometrically to total brain size, that is, in a non‐proportional and non‐linear way. Here, scaling of different volumes of interest (VOI) to intra‐cranial volume (ICV) was examined. It was assessed whether scaling was allometric or isometric and whether scaling coefficients significantly differed from each other. We also tested to what extent allometric scaling of VOI was introduced by the automated segmentation technique. Furthermore, reproducibility of allometric scaling was studied different age groups and study populations. Study samples included samples of cognitively healthy adults from the community‐based Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility‐Reykjavik Study (AGES‐Reykjavik Study) (N = 3,883), the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA) (N =709), and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (N = 180). Data encompassed participants with different age, ethnicity, risk factor profile, and ICV and VOI obtained with different automated MRI segmentation techniques. Our analysis showed that (1) allometric scaling is a trait of all parts of the brain, (2) scaling of neo‐cortical white matter, neo‐cortical gray matter, and deep gray matter structures including the cerebellum are significantly different from each other, and (3) allometric scaling of brain structures cannot solely be explained by age‐associated atrophy, sex, ethnicity, or a systematic bias from study‐specific segmentation algorithm, but appears to be a true feature of brain geometry. Hum Brain Mapp 38:151–164, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of Immunogenicity of Nivolumab Monotherapy and Its Clinical Relevance in Patients With Metastatic Solid Tumors
Authors: Agrawal Shruti , Statkevich Paul , Bajaj Gaurav , Feng Yan , Saeger Sally , Desai Dharmesh D. , Park Jong‐Soon , Waxman Ian M. , Roy Amit , Gupta Manish 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNivolumab is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody targeting the programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) receptor that blocks interactions between PD‐1 and its ligands on tumor cells to prevent T‐cell exhaustion in patients with cancer. It has demonstrated efficacy in multiple tumor types, including melanoma, non‐small‐cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. This analysis assessed the immunogenicity of nivolumab and its impact on pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy in patients with solid tumors enrolled in 6 clinical studies. The incidence and prevalence of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) were determined by validated electrochemiluminescence assays in samples collected during nivolumab treatment and up to 100 days after the last dose. Confirmed positive samples from the 6 studies were also tested for presence of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). Among 1086 nivolumab‐treated patients, 138 patients (12.7%) were ADA positive (relative to baseline), only 3 (0.3%) of whom were persistently positive for ADA, and 9 (0.8%) were NAb positive at 1 time point. The presence of ADAs was not associated with hypersensitivity, infusion reactions, or loss of efficacy and had minimal impact on nivolumab clearance. Additionally, the presence of NAbs was not associated with loss of efficacy. In conclusion, immunogenicity of nivolumab is not clinically meaningful.
Preparation, characterization and flocculation performance of the inorganic–organic composite coagulant polyferric chloride and polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride
Authors: Wang Bing , Shui Yiyu , Liu Puzhen , He Min 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDA novel composite coagulant was prepared from polyferric chloride (PFC) and polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDM) using two different methods: co‐polymerization and composite polymerization. In this investigation, effects of preparation parameters such as PDM/Fe weight ratio (P) and PDM molecular weight on zeta potential and Fe (III) species distribution were also studied. In addition, the effects of those parameters on coagulation efficiency of prepared coagulants in treating drilling wastewater was evaluated and the synthetic coagulants were characterized in terms of typical properties and morphological analysis.RESULTSThe improvements in preparation parameters were better charge neutralization capacity and the highest content of active Fe (III) coagulating species due to the presence of cationic polymer. The optimal coagulation efficiency was obtained at a PDM/PFC weight ratio of 0.3 and PDM molecular weight of 200–350 kDa. PFC‐PDM turned out to be a physical mixture according to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, although the coagulation behavior was changed after the PFC/PDM composite was formed. Morphology analysis displayed an irregular surface and multi‐branched structure for PFC‐PDM.CONCLUSIONThe novel composite coagulant PFC‐PDM exhibited a superior flocculation performance and obtained favorable coagulation behavior with more compact flocs and a much better sludge compressibility compared with PFC alone. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry