bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE LIMITING TEMPERATURE FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF DENGUE
Authors: DERRICK E. H. , BICKS VALERIE A. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryAs Aëdes ægypti is susceptible to dryness as well as to cold, the wet‐bulb scale is more suitable than the dry‐bulb to define the temperature associations of a dengue epidemic.Epidemics of dengue in Brisbane in 1942 and 1943 ceased when, at the approach of winter, the mean wet‐bulb temperature fell to about 14° to 15° C (57° to 59° F).The line in New South Wales where the 1926 invasion of dengue halted can be represented approximately, but not exactly, by the mean annual wet‐bulb isotherm of 14.2° C.A coastal strip across the north of Australia meets the temperature requirements for the endemicity of dengue. However, the paucity of sufficient concentrations of population in this strip and the explosive character of Australian outbreaks make the existence of any endemic foci in Australia very unlikely.
AORTIC VALVOTOMY FOR AORTIC STENOSIS : THE CLINICAL ASSESSMENT
Authors: HALL GEORGE V. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryA clinical study of fifty consecutive cases of aortic stenosis has been made with the object of assessing their suitability for aortic valvotomy.It is pointed out that severe symptoms develop late in the disease, and that at this stage operation may be an extremely hazardous procedure. Symptoms of severe effort dyspnœa, paroxysmal dyspnœa, angina pectoris and sometimes effort syncope are of grave prognostic significance irrespective of the patient's age. Early symptoms of moderate exertional dyspnoœ, fatigue and consciousness of the heart's action in a patient with aortic stenosis should not be regarded too lightly. They should draw attention to the necessity for more careful study of the case by other methods, so that the need for operation or otherwise can be assessed at an early stage.It is stressed that clinical and electrocardiographic signs often precede these symptoms and allow of early assessment. The pulse wave, assessed clinically and if necessary from an arterial pulse trace, is of important prognostic significance. A pulse pressure of 40 millimetres or below suggests severe aortic stenosis. Auscultatory signs are important in diagnosis but not so much in prognosis.The importance of careful radiological study of each case is emphasized. The presence or absence of calcium in the valve and the degree of calcification are fundamental considerations in diagnosis and in the decision on surgical methods of treatment.The presence and degree of left ventricular hypertrophy in the electrocardiogram is a vital consideration in all cases.Hæmodynamic studies with calculation of the systolic gradient across the valve and technical assessment of the degree of aortic incompetence are mentioned as being of value in doubtful cases.
DIABETIC MORTALITY IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: LANCASTER H. O. , MADDOX J. KEMPSON 
Published: September 2017

SummaryOf 3140 patients (1040 males and 2100 females) admitted to the clinic (Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney) between 1932 and 1947, 894 have died. Coma was the cause of death in 43, of whom 11 were under the age of 25 years. The major cause of death was arterial degeneration (131 males and 308 females). Gangrene (48), cancer of the pancreas (15) and other causes (74) were important causes of death. Cancer of the pancreas and, to a lesser extent, cancers of the female genital organs were significantly more common in the diabetics than in the general population.The series was used to study the age of onset and the sex incidence of diabetes. Mortality rates were computed for each age group. Mortality was particularly heavy at ages under 25 and over 55 years.The death certificates showed that the official statistics assign only a small proportion of the deaths of diabetics to the title “Diabetes”. In 60% of the 894 clinic patients dying, diabetes was not counted by the statistician as a cause of death.
Chronic kidney disease and incident apparent treatment‐resistant hypertension among blacks: Data from the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Tanner Rikki M. , Shimbo Daichi , Irvin Marguerite R. , Spruill Tanya M. , Bromfield Samantha G. , Seals Samantha R. , Young Bessie A. , Muntner Paul 
Published: September 2017

It is unclear whether black patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) vs those without CKD who take antihypertensive medication have an increased risk for apparent treatment‐resistant hypertension (aTRH). The authors analyzed 1741 Jackson Heart Study participants without aTRH taking antihypertensive medication at baseline. aTRH was defined as uncontrolled blood pressure while taking three antihypertensive medication classes or taking four or more antihypertensive medication classes, regardless of blood pressure level. CKD was defined as an albumin to creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g or estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Over 8 years, 20.1% of participants without CKD and 30.5% with CKD developed aTRH. The multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio for aTRH comparing participants with CKD vs those without CKD was 1.45 (95% CI, 1.12–1.86). Participants with an albumin to creatinine ratio ≥30 vs <30 mg/g (hazard ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.04–2.00) and estimated glomerular filtration rate of 45 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m2 and <45 vs ≥60mL/min/1.73 m2 (hazard ratio, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.16–2.20] and 2.05 [95% CI, 1.28–3.26], respectively) were more likely to develop aTRH.
LncRNA PLAC2 down‐regulates RPL36 expression and blocks cell cycle progression in glioma through a mechanism involving STAT1
Authors: Hu Yan‐Wei , Kang Chun‐Min , Zhao Jing‐Jing , Nie Ying , Zheng Lei , Li Hai‐Xia , Li Xin , Wang Qian , Qiu Yu‐Rong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCurrent glioma therapies allow in situ delivery of cytotoxic drugs to the tumour; however, gliomas show early recurrence due to their highly proliferative character. Long non‐coding (lnc)RNAs play critical roles in tumorigenesis by controlling cell proliferation and cycling. However, the mechanism of action of lncRNAs in glioma development remains unclear. Here, we report that the lncRNA PLAC2 induces cell cycle arrest by targeting ribosomal protein (RP)L36 in glioma. RPL36 promoted cell proliferation and G1/S cell cycle progression. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 interacted with both lncRNA PLAC2 and the RPL36 promoter. We also found that the nucleus PLAC2 bind with STAT1 and interact with RPL36 promoters but the cytoplasmic lncRNA PLAC2 inhibited STAT1 nuclear transfer, thereby decreasing RP36 expression, inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell cycle arrest. These results provide evidence for a novel cell cycle regulatory network in glioma comprising the lncRNA PLAC2 along with STAT1 and RPL36 that can serve as a therapeutic target for glioma treatment.
Editorial: New frontiers in the scientific study of developmental language disorders
Authors: Norbury Courtenay Frazier , Sonuga‐Barke Edmund 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDevelopmental language disorders (DLD) are common and have far‐reaching developmental consequences. Nevertheless, public awareness of DLD is poor, and one goal of this special issue is to showcase a set of papers that provide a clear and coherent message about the nature and impact of DLD, and the potential of intervention to mitigate these impacts. In this editorial, we highlight seminal papers JCPP has published on language disorders over the last 40 years. Many of the issues raised then are still relevant now; however, the papers that comprise this special issue exemplify how far the field has come in achieving consensus on terminology and diagnostic criteria, and producing highly consistent findings on the stability and impact of DLD, and the potential for language change in response to targeted interventions. The editorial concludes with a road map for future research and clinical priorities that includes the need for randomised controlled trials that specifically address the impact of co‐morbidities on response to treatment, impacts of intervention on broader developmental outcomes, and the experiences of adults with DLD.
Oral glucose lowering with linagliptin and metformin compared with linagliptin alone as initial treatment in Asian patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and marked hyperglycemia: Subgroup analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ma Ronald CW , Del Prato Stefano , Gallwitz Baptist , Shivane Vyankatesh K , Lewis‐D'Agostino Diane , Bailes Zelie , Patel Sanjay , Lee Jisoo , von Eynatten Maximilian , Di Domenico Maximiliano , Ross Stuart A 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus is an epidemic in Asia, yet clinical trials of glucose‐lowering therapies often enroll predominantly Western populations. We explored the initial combination of metformin and linagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor, in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Asia with marked hyperglycemia.Materials and MethodsThis was a post‐hoc subgroup analysis of a multinational, parallel‐group clinical trial in which 316 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 8.5–12.0% were randomized to double‐blind oral treatment with linagliptin/metformin or linagliptin monotherapy. The primary end‐point was the change from baseline in HbA1c at week 24. We evaluated data for the 125 participants from Asian countries.ResultsAfter 24 weeks, the mean ± standard error reduction from baseline in HbA1c (mean 10.0%) was −2.99 ± 0.18% with linagliptin/metformin and −1.84 ± 0.18% with linagliptin; a treatment difference of −1.15% (95% confidence interval −1.65 to −0.66, P < 0.0001). HbA1c <7.0% was achieved by 60% of participants receiving linagliptin/metformin. The mean bodyweight change after 24 weeks was −0.45 ± 0.41 kg and 1.33 ± 0.45 kg in the linagliptin/metformin and linagliptin groups, respectively (treatment difference −1.78 kg [95% confidence interval −2.99 to −0.57, P = 0.0043]). Drug‐related adverse events occurred in 9.7% of participants receiving linagliptin/metformin and 4.8% of those receiving linagliptin. Hypoglycemia occurred in 6.5% and 4.8% of the linagliptin/metformin and linagliptin groups, respectively, with no severe episodes. Gastrointestinal disorders occurred in 12.9% and 12.7% of the linagliptin/metformin and linagliptin groups, respectively, with no associated treatment discontinuations.ConclusionsIn people from Asia with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and marked hyperglycemia, the initial combination of linagliptin and metformin substantially improved glycemic control without weight gain and with infrequent hypoglycemia. Initial oral combination therapy might be a viable treatment for such individuals.
Comparison of the relationship between multiple parameters of glycemic variability and coronary plaque vulnerability assessed by virtual histology–intravascular ultrasound
Authors: Otowa‐Suematsu Natsu , Sakaguchi Kazuhiko , Komada Hisako , Nakamura Tomoaki , Sou Anna , Hirota Yushi , Kuroda Masaru , Shinke Toshiro , Hirata Ken‐ichi , Ogawa Wataru 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionIncreased glycemic variability is an important contributing factor to coronary artery disease. Although various parameters of glycemic variability can be derived by continuous glucose monitoring, the clinical relevance of individual parameters has remained unclear. We have now analyzed the relationship of such parameters to coronary plaque vulnerability.Materials and MethodsThe standard deviation of glucose levels (SD glucose), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), continuous overlapping net glycemic action calculated every 1 h (CONGA‐1) and mean of daily differences (MODD) were calculated from continuous glucose monitoring data for 53 patients hospitalized for percutaneous coronary intervention. The relationship of these parameters to the percentage necrotic core of total plaque volume (%NC) as assessed by virtual histology–intravascular ultrasound (a predictor of coronary plaque rupture) was evaluated.ResultsAll parameters of glycemic variability were significantly correlated with %NC, with correlation coefficients of 0.593, 0.626, 0.318, and 0.388 for log(SD glucose), log(MAGE), CONGA‐1 and log(MODD), respectively. Simple linear regression analysis showed that the coefficients of determination for %NC and either log(SD glucose; 0.352) or log(MAGE; 0.392) were greater than those for %NC and either CONGA‐1 (0.101) or log(MODD; 0.151), whereas the residual sums of squares for the former relationships (1045.1 and 979.5, respectively) were smaller than those for the latter (1449.3 and 1369.6, respectively).ConclusionsThe present data suggest that SD glucose and MAGE are more highly correlated with coronary plaque vulnerability than are CONGA‐1 and MODD, and are thus likely better predictors of coronary artery disease.
Exome sequencing identifies a TCF4 mutation in a Chinese pedigree with symmetrical acral keratoderma
Authors: Chen P. , Sun S. , Zeng K. , Li C. , Wen J. , Liang J. , Tian X. , Jiang Y. , Zhang J. , Zhang S. , Han K. , Han C. , Zhang X. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundSymmetrical acral keratoderma (SAK) is a rare skin disorder and its pathogenesis and inheritability are unknown.ObjectivesTo investigate the inheritance and pathogenesis of SAK.MethodsFour SAK cases occurred in a four‐generation Chinese family. Exome sequencing identified SNPs with potential SAK‐related mutations, and a potentially responsible gene transcription factor 4 (TCF4) was identified. TCF4 was then sequenced in all 11 family members, and pedigree analysis was performed. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry evaluated TCF4 expression in skin lesions. The gene mutation was investigated in human keratinocytes for keratin‐related protein expression.ResultsA novel heterozygous missense mutation, c.85C>A (p.Pro29Thr) was found in TCF4. The mutation showed autosomal dominant inheritance and perfectly cosegregated with the SAK phenotype in all family members. In skin lesions, TCF4 was present in the cytoplasm and membranes of the basal layer, the stratum spinosum and the stratum granulosum of the epidermis. The mutant TCF4 induced overexpression of differentiation markers including KRT1, KRT14, loricrin and involucrin.ConclusionsA SAK‐related gene mutation in TCF4 may function through transcriptional regulation of keratin.
Molecular and Morphological Characterization of Anncaliia azovica sp. n. (Microsporidia) Infecting Niphargogammarus intermedius (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from the Azov Sea
Authors: Tokarev Yuri S. , Sokolova Yuliya Y. , Vasilieva Aleksandra A. , Issi Irma V. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFive out of one hundred adults of Niphargogammarus intermedius caught at the Azov sea shore were found to be infected with microsporidia. The infection was found in the subcuticular fat body and myocytes. Parasites developed in direct contact with host cells, displayed a disporoblastic sporogony and diplokaryotic arrangement of nuclei at all stages. Spores were oval, 4.6–5.8 × 2.6–3.0 μm. Exospore appendages, vesicular–tubular secretions, and the anisofilar polar filament indicated a similarity to Anncaliia species. Sporont surfaces displayed ridges of amorphous material. Meronts and sporonts formed protoplastic extensions, similar to A. vesicularum and A. meligheti. Mature spores possessed a bipartite polaroplast. The polar tube was arranged in one row of 13–18 coils including 0–3 distal coils of lesser diameter. Partial sequencing of SSU, ITS, and LSU regions of rRNA gene (GenBank accessions: KY288064–KY288065) confirmed this new species to be congeneric with A. algerae (#AF069063) and A. meligheti (#AY894423). The SSU gene of this novel microsporidium shared 99.4% sequence similarity to A. algerae and 98.9% to A. meligheti. Genes for HSP70 and RPB1 amplified with primers designed for A. algerae orthologs displayed 99.7% and 97.4% similarity, respectively, between A. algerae and the novel microsporidium. A new species, Anncaliia azovica, is described based on morphological and molecular characterization.
Validation of prognostic scores to predict short‐term mortality in patients with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure
Authors: Song Do Seon , Kim Tae Yeob , Kim Dong Joon , Kim Hee Yeon , Sinn Dong Hyun , Yoon Eileen L , Kim Chang Wook , Jung Young Kul , Suk Ki Tae , Lee Sang Soo , Lee Chang Hyeong , Kim Tae Hun , Choe Won Hyeok , Yim Hyung Joon , Kim Sung Eun , Baik Soon Koo , Jang Jae Young , Kim Hyoung Su , Kim Sang Gyune , Yang Jin Mo , Sohn Joo Hyun , Choi Eun Hee , Cho Hyun Chin , Jeong Soung Won , Kim Moon Young ,   on behalf of the Korean Acute‐on‐Chronic Liver Failure (KACLiF) Study Group
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study was to validate the chronic liver failure‐sequential organ failure assessment score (CLIF‐SOFAs), CLIF consortium organ failure score (CLIF‐C OFs), CLIF‐C acute‐on‐chronic liver failure score (CLIF‐C ACLFs), and CLIF‐C acute decompensation score in Korean chronic liver disease patients with acute deterioration.MethodsAcute‐on‐chronic liver failure was defined by either the Asian Pacific Association for the study of the Liver ACLF Research Consortium (AARC) or CLIF‐C criteria. The diagnostic performances for short‐term mortality were compared by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsAmong a total of 1470 patients, 252 patients were diagnosed with ACLF according to the CLIF‐C (197 patients) or AARC definition (95 patients). As the ACLF grades increased, the survival rates became significantly lower. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic of the CLIF‐SOFAs, CLIF‐C OFs, and CLIF‐C ACLFs were significantly higher than those of the Child–Pugh, model for end‐stage liver disease, and model for end‐stage liver disease‐Na scores in ACLF patients according to the CLIF‐C definition (all P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in patients without ACLF or in patients with ACLF according to the AARC definition. The CLIF‐SOFAs, CLIF‐C OFs, and CLIF‐C ACLFs had higher specificities with a fixed sensitivity than liver specific scores in ACLF patients according to the CLIF‐C definition, but not in ACLF patients according to the AARC definition.ConclusionsThe CLIF‐SOFAs, CLIF‐C OFs, and CLIF‐C ACLFs are useful scoring systems that provide accurate information on prognosis in patients with ACLF according to the CLIF‐C definition, but not the AARC definition.
Big Five aspects of personality interact to predict depression
Authors: Allen Timothy A. , Carey Bridget E. , McBride Carolina , Bagby R. Michael , DeYoung Colin G. , Quilty Lena C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveResearch has shown that three personality traits—Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness—moderate one another in a three‐way interaction that predicts depressive symptoms in healthy populations. We test the hypothesis that this effect is driven by three lower‐order traits: withdrawal, industriousness, and enthusiasm. We then replicate this interaction within a clinical population for the first time.MethodSample 1 included 376 healthy adults. Sample 2 included 354 patients diagnosed with current major depressive disorder. Personality and depressive tendencies were assessed via the Big Five Aspect Scales and Personality Inventory for DSM‐5 in Sample 1, respectively, and by the NEO‐PI‐R and Beck Depression Inventory‐II in Sample 2.ResultsWithdrawal, industriousness, and enthusiasm interacted to predict depressive tendencies in both samples. The pattern of the interaction supported a “best two out of three” principle, in which low risk scores on two trait dimensions protects against a high risk score on the third trait. Evidence was also present for a “worst two out of three” principle, in which high risk scores on two traits are associated with equivalent depressive severity as high risk scores on all three traits.ConclusionsThese results highlight the importance of examining interactive effects of personality traits on psychopathology.
Marine yeasts and bacteria as biological control agents against anthracnose on mango
Authors: Hernandez Montiel Luis G. , Zulueta Rodriguez Ramon , Angulo Carlos , Rueda Puente Edgar O. , Quiñonez Aguilar Evangelina E. , Galicia Ricardo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe potential of four yeasts (Debaryomyces hansenii, Rhodotorula minuta, Cryptococcus laurentii and Cryptococcus diffluens) and three bacteria (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila) with antagonistic capacity against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in mango cv. Ataulfo fruit was investigated. Germination of C. gloeosporioides spores was significantly inhibited by all marine yeasts and bacteria strains of an in vitro test. When yeasts and bacteria were tested on mango fruit, the marine yeast D. hansenii 1R11CB strain and marine bacteria S. rhizophilaKM02 strain were the best antagonists to anthracnose (C. gloeosporioides), which significantly decreased disease incidence by 56% and 89%, respectively, and reduced lesion diameter by 91% and 92%, respectively. All the isolated strains of the phytopathogen, yeasts and bacteria were molecularly identified. Our results from in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that marine yeasts and bacteria strains can be used as some effective biological control agents for anthracnose in mango.
Polysubstance Use Among Adolescents in a Low Income, Rural Community: Latent Classes for Middle‐ and High‐School Students
Authors: Rose Roderick A. , Evans Caroline B. R. , Smokowski Paul R. , Howard Matthew O. , Stalker Katie L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeRural communities are currently being impacted by a nationwide epidemic of prescription opioid misuse. Rural adolescent substance users may be at substantial risk for later addiction to these and other drugs.MethodsThis study uses Latent Class Analysis to identify subtypes of polysubstance users among a sample of 7,074 rural adolescents. Separate models were estimated for middle‐ and high‐school youth. Predictive validity was estimated using cumulative ordinal logistic regression of the classes on a set of youth and family characteristics.FindingsWe identified a 4‐class solution for both middle‐ and high‐school students marked by initiation of an increasing number of substances used at greater frequency. These classes included Substance Nonusers, Primarily Alcohol Users, Initiators‐Low Frequency Users, and Initiators‐Moderate‐to‐High Lifetime Frequency Users. About 6%‐10% of youth reported using prescription drugs at least once, and in the moderate‐to‐high frequency class, middle‐school youth were more likely to use prescription drugs and inhalants compared to high‐school youth in the same class. The 4 classes were associated with race/ethnicity, and in high school with receiving free/reduced price lunch.ConclusionIn general, younger adolescents have lower overall use rates, but within certain classes identified by this analysis, the observed pattern suggests that younger cohorts are turning to prescription drugs and inhalants. These findings support the implementation of universal substance use prevention programs, targeted programs for youth experiencing risk factors associated with substance use, and improved rural substance abuse treatment options.