bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Centromere Locations inBrassicaA and C Genomes Revealed Through Half-Tetrad Analysis
Authors: Mason Annaliese S , Rousseau-Gueutin Mathieu , Morice Jérôme , Bayer Philipp E , Besharat Naghmeh , Cousin Anouska , Pradhan Aneeta , Parkin Isobel A P , Chèvre Anne-Marie , Batley Jacqueline , Nelson Matthew N 
Published: November 2015

AbstractLocating centromeres on genome sequences can be challenging. The high density of repetitive elements in these regions makes sequence assembly problematic, especially when using short-read sequencing technologies. It can also be difficult to distinguish between active and recently extinct centromeres through sequence analysis. An effective solution is to identify genetically active centromeres (functional in meiosis) by half-tetrad analysis. This genetic approach involves detecting heterozygosity along chromosomes in segregating populations derived from gametes (half-tetrads). Unreduced gametes produced by first division restitution mechanisms comprise complete sets of nonsister chromatids. Along these chromatids, heterozygosity is maximal at the centromeres, and homologous recombination events result in homozygosity toward the telomeres. We genotyped populations of half-tetrad-derived individuals (from Brassica interspecific hybrids) using a high-density array of physically anchored SNP markers (Illumina Brassica 60K Infinium array). Mapping the distribution of heterozygosity in these half-tetrad individuals allowed the genetic mapping of all 19 centromeres of the Brassica A and C genomes to the reference Brassica napus genome. Gene and transposable element density across the B. napus genome were also assessed and corresponded well to previously reported genetic map positions. Known centromere-specific sequences were located in the reference genome, but mostly matched unanchored sequences, suggesting that the core centromeric regions may not yet be assembled into the pseudochromosomes of the reference genome. The increasing availability of genetic markers physically anchored to reference genomes greatly simplifies the genetic and physical mapping of centromeres using half-tetrad analysis. We discuss possible applications of this approach, including in species where half-tetrads are currently difficult to isolate.
Differential Masking of Natural Genetic Variation by miR-9a inDrosophila
Authors: Cassidy Justin J , Straughan Alexander J , Carthew Richard W 
Published: November 2015

AbstractGenetic variation is prevalent among individuals of the same species and yet the potential effects of genetic variation on developmental outcomes are frequently suppressed. Understanding the mechanisms that are responsible for this suppression is an important goal. Previously, we found that the microRNA miR-9a mitigates the impact of natural genetic variants that promote the development of scutellar bristles in adult Drosophila. Here we find that miR-9a does not affect the impact of genetic variants that inhibit the development of scutellar bristles. We show this using both directional and stabilizing selection in the laboratory. This specificity of action suggests that miR-9a does not interact with all functional classes of developmental genetic variants affecting sensory organ development. We also investigate the impact of miR-9a on a fitness trait, which is adult viability. At elevated physiological temperatures, miR-9a contributes to viability through masking genetic variants that hinder adult viability. We conclude that miR-9a activity in different developmental networks contributes to suppression of natural variants from perturbing development.
Use of Palliative Care Services in a Tertiary Cancer Center
Authors: Dalal Shalini , Bruera Sebastian , Hui David , Yennu Sriram , Dev Rony , Williams Janet , Masoni Charles , Ihenacho Ijeoma , Obasi Emmanuel , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background.
Despite increasing prevalence of palliative care (PC) services in cancer centers, most referrals to the service occur exceedingly late in the illness trajectory. Over the years, we have made several attempts to promote earlier patient access to our PC program, such as changing the name of our service from PC to supportive care (SC). This study was conducted to determine the use of PC/SC service over the past 8 years.

Methods.
We reviewed billing data for all PC/SC encounters. We examined five metrics for use: inpatient consultations as a percentage of hospital admissions, ratio of inpatient consultations to average number of operational beds, time from hospital registration to outpatient consultation, time from advanced cancer diagnosis to consultation, and time from first outpatient consultation to death/last follow-up.

Results.
Over the years, we found a consistent increase in patient referrals to the PC/SC program. In the inpatient setting, we found approximate doubling of the inpatient consultations as a percentage of hospital admissions and the ratio of inpatient consultations to hospital beds (from 10% to 19% and from 2.4 to 4.9, respectively; p &lt; .001). In the outpatient setting, we observed variations in referral pattern between oncology services, but, overall, the time from consultation to death/last follow-up increased from 4.8 months to 7.9 months (p = .001), which was accompanied by a significant decrease in the interval to consultation from hospital registration and advanced cancer diagnosis (p &lt; .001).

Conclusion.
We have observed a consistent annual increase in new patient referrals as well as earlier access for outpatient referrals to our SC service, supporting increased use of palliative care at our cancer center.
Identification and antagonistic activity in vitro of Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma spp. isolates against common phytopathogenic fungi
Authors: Rios-Velsaco Claudio , Caro-Cisneros Janeth , Berlanga-Reyes David , Ruíz-Cisneros Maria Fernanda , Ornelas-Paz José , Salas-Marina Miguel , Villalobos-Pérez Elizabeth , Guerrero-Prieto Victor 
Published: November 2015

Muchas enfermedades en cultivos causadas por hongos patógenos representan un problema económico debido a las pérdidas que éstas causan. Del mismo modo microorganismos antagonistas tales como <em>Trichoderma</em> spp. y <em>Bacillus</em> spp., entre otros, han sido usados como agentes de control biológico como una alternativa eficiente para reducir el uso de fungicidas químicos en el control de enfermedades de plantas. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar taxas de microorganismos patógenos y antagonistas basado en sus caracteres moleculares y evaluar la actividad antagónica <em>in vitro</em> de dos aislados de <em>Bacillus</em> y dos aislados de <em>Trichoderma</em> contra cinco hongos patogénicos comunes: <em>Fusarium</em> <em>oxysporum</em>, <em>Botrytis</em> <em>cinerea</em>,<em> Penicillium crustosum</em>,<em> Aspergillus nidulans</em> y <em>Alternaria</em> <em>alternata</em>. Para la identificación molecular, los nueve microorganismos fueron usados para la extracción del ADN genómico y amplificación del gen del ADN ribosomal 18S y del Espaciador Transcrito Interno con los iniciadores ITS (ITS5 e ITS4) para los hongos y el gen del 16S del ADNr, usando los iniciadores universales EU(F) y EU(R) para bacterias. Ambos aislados de <em>T. asperellum</em> mostraron una actividad antagonista significativa contra los hongos fitopatógenos probados, donde los porcentajes de inhibición del crecimiento radial (PICR) de las colonias de hongos fitopatógenos fluctuó de 43 a 71%, mientras los PICR inducidos por <em>Bacillus</em> fueron significativos, con valores de hasta 69% cuando se probaron <em>in vitro</em> contra <em>B. cinerea</em>, mientras que el efecto más bajo se observó con <em>F. oxysporum</em>, <em>P. crustosum</em> y <em>A. nidulans</em>. Ambas especies de <em>Bacillus</em>, indujeron la presencia de un halo de inhibición, con valores de 5 y 11 mm, cuando se probaron <em>in vitro</em> contra <em>F. oxysporum</em> y <em>B. cinerea</em>, respectivamente. Los efectos antagonistas de los aislados de bacterias y hongos, muestran que estos microorganismos pueden ser usados como agentes de control biológico de varios hongos fitopatógenos de cultivos.
Periodontal Microorganisms and Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes and Without Diabetes
Authors: Merchant Anwar T. , Nahhas Georges J. , Wadwa R. Paul , Zhang Jiajia , Tang Yifan , Johnson Lonnie R. , Maahs David M. , Bishop Franziska , Teles Ricardo , Morrato Elaine H. 
Published: November 2015

Background: A subset of periodontal microorganisms has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading complication of type 1 diabetes (t1DM). The authors therefore evaluated the association between periodontal microorganism groups and early markers of CVD in youth with t1DM.Methods: A cross‐sectional analysis was conducted among youth aged 12 to 19 years at enrollment; 105 had t1DM for ≥5 years and were seeking care at the Barbara Davis Center, University of Colorado, from 2009 to 2011, and 71 did not have diabetes. Subgingival plaque samples were assessed for counts of 41 periodontal microorganisms using DNA–DNA hybridization. Microorganisms were classified using cluster analysis into four groups named red‐orange, orange‐green, blue/other, and yellow/other, modified from Socransky’s color scheme for periodontal microorganisms. Subsamples (54 with t1DM and 48 without diabetes) also received a periodontal examination at the University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine.Results: Participants were ≈15 years old on average, and 74% were white. Mean periodontal probing depth was 2 mm (SE 0.02), and 17% had bleeding on probing. In multivariable analyses, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was inversely associated with the yellow/other cluster (microorganisms that are not associated with periodontal disease) among youth with t1DM. Blood pressure, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein, high‐density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol were not associated with microorganism clusters in this group. HbA1c was not associated with periodontal microorganism clusters among youth without diabetes.Conclusion: Among youth with t1DM who had good oral health, periodontal microorganisms were not associated with CVD risk factors.
Natural Variation for Seed Physical, Biochemical and Culinary traits in Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Saba, Iram , A. Sofi, Parvaze , U. K. Kandoliya* , Z.A Baba 
Published: November 2015

<p>Twenty genotypes of common bean including 17 breeding lines were evaluated for various seed physical, nutritional and culinary traits viz., seed colour, seed shape, seed brilliance, seed coat pattern, seed length, seed breadth and seed weight, traits protein content, phytic acid, raffinose, water absorption percentage, coat percentage, swelling and hydration coefficient as well as cooking score. Most of the genotypes were kidney shaped with plain seed coat and medium seed brilliance. Among biochemical traits, highest protein content was recorded for Arka Anoop (22.15 %) followed by WB-341 (21.45 %), WB-216 (21.16 %) and WB-249 (20.99). Low phytic acid was recorded in WB-970 (0.440 %), WB-258 (0.968 %) and WB-102 (1.068 %). Low values for raffinose was recorded for WB-102 (3.800 mg/g) followed by WB-482 (3.833 mg/g). Highest water absorption percentage was recorded for WB-249 (136.363), Arka Anoop (131.818) and SFB-1 (126.923). The swelling coefficient was highest in case of WB-642 (300.000), WB-249 (266.667) and WB-335 (250.000) whereas lowest values for swelling coefficient were recorded in case of WB-341 (114.285), WB-216 (145.454) and WB-1006 (124.554). Among correlations between various seed physical, biochemical and culinary traits, raffinose was positively and significantly correlated with phytic acid. Phytic acid was also significantly and positively correlated with protein, coat proportion and 100-seed weight. Coat proportion was negatively correlated water absorption percentage, swelling coefficient, hydration coefficient as well as cooking time score. Cooking time score was positively correlated with hydration and swelling coefficients as well as seed weight but negatively correlated with coat proportion. </p>
Re-analysis of seasonal mass balance at Abramov glacier 1968–2014
Authors: Barandun Martina , Huss Matthias , Sold Leo , Farinotti Daniel , Azisov Erlan , Salzmann Nadine , Usubaliev Ryskul , Merkushkin Alexandr , Hoelzle Martin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAbramov glacier, located in the Pamir Alay, Kyrgyzstan, is a reference glacier within the Global Terrestrial Network for Glaciers. Long-term glaciological measurements exist from 1968 to 1998 and a mass-balance monitoring programme was re-established in 2011. In this study we re-analyse existing mass-balance data and use a spatially distributed mass-balance model to provide continuous seasonal time series of glacier mass balance covering the period 1968–2014. The model is calibrated to seasonal mass-balance surveys and then applied to the period with no measurements. Validation and recalibration is carried out using snowline observations derived from satellite imagery and, after 2011, also from automatic terrestrial camera images. We combine direct measurements, remote observations and modelling. The results are compared to geodetic glacier volume change over the past decade and to a ground-penetrating radar survey in the accumulation zone resolving several layers of accumulation. Previously published geodetic mass budget estimates for Abramov glacier suggest a close-to-zero mass balance for the past decade, which contradicts our results. We find a low plausibility for equilibrium conditions over the past 15 years. Instead, we suggest that the glacier’s sensitivity to increased summer air temperature is decisive for the substantial mass loss during the past decade.
A ground-based radar for measuring vertical strain rates and time-varying basal melt rates in ice sheets and shelves
Authors: Nicholls Keith W. , Corr Hugh F.J. , Stewart Craig L. , Lok Lai Bun , Brennan Paul V. , Vaughan David G. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe ApRES (autonomous phase-sensitive radio-echo sounder) instrument is a robust, lightweight and relatively inexpensive radar that has been designed to allow long-term, unattended monitoring of ice-shelf and ice-sheet thinning. We describe the instrument and demonstrate its capabilities and limitations by presenting results from three trial campaigns conducted in different Antarctic settings. Two campaigns were ice sheet-based – Pine Island Glacier and Dome C – and one was conducted on the Ross Ice Shelf. The ice-shelf site demonstrates the ability of the instrument to collect a time series of basal melt rates; the two grounded ice applications show the potential to recover profiles of vertical strain rate and also demonstrate some of the limitations of the present system.
First in situ record of decadal glacier mass balance (2003–2014) from the Bhutan Himalaya
Authors: Tshering Phuntsho , Fujita Koji 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis study presents the first decadal mass-balance record of a small debris-free glacier in the Bhutan Himalaya, where few in situ measurements have been reported to date. Since 2003 we have measured the mass balance of Gangju La glacier, which covers an area of 0.3km2 and extends from 4900 to 5200ma.s.l., using both differential GPS surveys (geodetic method) and stake measurements (direct method). The observed mass balance ranged from –1.12 to –2.04mw.e. a–1 between 2003 and 2014. The glacier exhibited much greater mass loss than neighbouring glaciers in the eastern Himalaya and southeastern Tibet, which are expected to be sensitive to climate change due to the monsooninfluenced humid climate. Observed mass-balance profiles suggest that the equilibrium-line altitude has been higher than Gangju La glacier since 2003, implying that the entire glacier has experienced net ablation for at least the past decade.
Effects of ENSO on the major ion record of a Qomolangma (Mount Everest) ice core
Authors: Xu Hao , Hou Shugui , Pang Hongxi , Wang Chaomin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractCorrelations between a 1000 year record of the major ions in a 108.83 m ice core from East Rongbuk Glacier (28°01’N, 86°58’E; 6518ma.s.l.) on the northeast slope of Qomolangma (Mount Everest) and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) were examined to investigate possible links between the ice-core records of the southern Tibetan Plateau (TP) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The results show that years with the highest crustal ion concentrations and lowest marine ion concentrations corresponded with a low SOI, and vice versa. Cross wavelet and wavelet coherence analysis between major ion time series and the SOI indicated that there were significant sections with high common power between the major ion time series and the SOI, suggesting a correlation between the ion records of the Qomolangma ice core and ENSO. Further investigation indicated that the higher SOI years corresponded with weaker continental air masses and stronger south Asian monsoons over the southern TP, leading to increased marine ions and decreased continental ions transported to the southern TP. The in-phase surface pressure anomalies of the southern TP and Darwin, Australia, link ENSO and ion transport over the southern TP, and thus suggest a link between aerosol transport over the southern TP and ENSO.
La plasticité du budget dans les sociétés cotées : l’utilité et la crédibilité de l’outil et de ses usages en question ?
Authors: Miroir-Lair Isabelle , Fimbel Éric , Jardat Rémi 
Published: November 2015

Les dirigeants mobilisent et mettent en scène l’outil-budget dans des circonstances multiples : traduction quantifiée des intentions, mobilisation des équipes, affectation des ressources, contrôle de leur utilisation mais aussi communication aux actionnaires, aux analystes, etc. Tiraillé par des attentes multiples parfois paradoxales (rendre des comptes sincères et/ou séduire des tiers), le budget peut-il rester capable d’opérer ou cela lui fait-il perdre sa nature et sa crédibilité ? En complément d’une brève revue de la littérature existante et notamment de la théorie néo-institutionnelle, nous interrogeons la plasticité du budget à partir d’une investigation empirique auprès de plusieurs dizaines de sociétés cotées au SBF 250.
Le niveau du développement durable dans les PME du District Fédéral, Mexique
Authors: Saavedra García María Luisa , Adame María Elena Camarena 
Published: November 2015

L’objectif de cette recherche a consisté à déterminer le niveau du Développement Durable des PME du District Fédéra et à identifier simultanément les zones d’opportunités qui leur permettent de rester dans un environnement hautement concurrentiel. Nous avons utilisé le Modèle Penta-dimensionnel du développement durable, proposé par Portales et al., (2009), qui mesure le développement durable selon cinq dimensions : Gestion globale, Compétitivité, Relations, Impacts et Transparence. Ce modèle a été appliqué dans un échantillon volontaire de 204 petites et moyennes entreprises du District Fédéral. Les principaux résultats montrent que les entreprises donnent une grande importance à la dimension « Impacts », c’est-à-dire qu’ils favorisent une bonne relation avec les employés, les actionnaires, les fournisseurs et la communauté, en prenant cette initiative afin que leur activité ne cause pas de dommages à l’environnement, et en aidant ainsi le développement de la communauté et de la région dans lesquelles elles opèrent.
L’intégration du diagnostic de personnalité et des fonctionnements post-traumatiques à la pensée systémique
Authors: Selvini Matteo , Stockart Zoé 
Published: November 2015

Le diagnostic de personnalité est indispensable pour les thérapeutes exclusivement systémiciens. Il est nécessaire d’intégrer dans la pensée systémique un diagnostic de personnalité basé sur la théorie de l’attachement, les réorganisations de l’attachement désorganisé et les adaptations post-traumatiques. Idées fondamentales pour combattre les risques de l’extrémisme systémique et des psychopédagogismes stéréotypés qui en découlent, comme par exemple celui de la dépathologisation ou de l’émancipation manquée du patient désigné. Nous devons récupérer la richesse de la dimension individuelle : le patient n’est pas un symbole vide dans l’organigramme d’une structure familiale.
Un enfant en salle d’attente
Authors: Muselle Alice , Barnabé Sophie 
Published: November 2015

Que faire dans la situation où un parent suivi en thérapie individuelle se présente en entretien avec un jeune enfant ? Ces rencontres non planifiées peuvent-elles être utilisées de façon constructive et être un apport dans la psychothérapie individuelle ? Nous présenterons un outil entre la métaphore, le conte et la coconstruction que nous avons utilisé dans ces situations. Nous l’illustrerons par deux expériences cliniques. Nous réfléchirons ensuite à la place de ces situations et de cet outil dans le paysage systémique.
Degré et intensification : essai de typologie
Authors: Bordet Lucile , Jamet Denis 
Published: November 2015

Les typologies existantes des procédés permettant l’expression du degré et de l’intensification présentent toutes des manques en ce qu’elles adoptent soit une perspective sémantique, soit une perspective syntaxique, voire morphosyntaxique, laissant notamment de côté la dimension phonologique, ainsi que certains procédés lexicaux ou stylistiques par exemple. Après avoir rappelé ce que nous entendons par les termes « degré » et « intensification », nous reviendrons sur les typologies existantes pour finalement proposer notre propre typologie en tenant compte des zones de chevauchement entre les divers procédés.
Quand les paroles s’envolent : réflexions sur les caractéristiques et la forme phonétique du High Rising Terminal en anglais contemporain
Authors: Wilhelm Stephan 
Published: November 2015

La progression du High Rising Terminal (HRT) ou uptalk – c’est-à-dire l’usage de contours ascendants en fin d’énoncé déclaratif – constitue un phénomène prosodique majeur observé aujourd’hui dans de nombreuses variétés d’anglais à travers le monde (voir par exemple Lakoff 1975, Ching 1982, Guy & Vonwiller 1984, Guy et al. 1986, Allan 1990, McLemore 1991, Britain 1992a et 1992b, Bradford 1997, Cruttenden 1997, Cheng & Warren 2005, Ladd 1996 et 2008, Barry 2007, Liberman 2008, Sullivan 2010).Tous ne reconnaissent pas la même valeur pragmatique au HRT, et la description des segments de discours sur lesquels il est observé varie selon les travaux qui lui sont consacrés. En outre, selon certains auteurs, l’appellation « High Rising Terminal » indiquerait que les schémas employés sont de type high rise (voir par exemple Hirschberg & Ward 1995, Ladd 1996, Fletcher et al. 2005, Liberman 2006b). Le high rise est un contour dont le point de départ se situe relativement haut dans le registre et dont le point d’arrivée se situe plus haut encore, au point de déclencher fréquemment l’usage d’une voix particulièrement haut-perchée (Cruttenden 1997). D’autres travaux fournissent des descriptions sensiblement différentes de la forme du HRT (par exemple Britain 1992, Fletcher & Harrington 2001, Barry 2007).À partir d’un corpus de récits autobiographiques spontanés composé d’enregistrements de plusieurs variétés géographiques d’anglais contemporain, nous cherchons à déterminer lesquelles de ces descriptions correspondent à la réalité. Nous établissons une typologie des contours intonatifs utilisés pour réaliser le HRT et identifions certaines caractéristiques périphériques du phénomène. Nous nous interrogeons sur la fonction du HRT dans le récit spontané et sur la délimitation syntaxique des segments sur lesquels il est observé. Nous dégageons des résultats quelques réflexions applicables à l’étude de la prosodie de l’anglais contemporain.