bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Assessment of apically Extruded Bacteria using different Instrumentation Techniques and Preparation Taper
Authors: Pandey Vinisha , Priyank Harsh , Sethi Achla , Punia Ramandeep S , Bali Harleen , Sharma Vinay J 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
Cleaning and shaping of the pulp canal is one of the most important steps of endodontic therapy. Serious complications occur by the apical extrusion of bacteria during the instrumentation procedures. Both crown-down (CD) and full-length linear motion (FM) techniques are routinely used as a component of taper rotary instrument procedures for achievement of thorough cleaning and shaping of the pulp canal space. Hence, we aimed for this study to assess the change in the amount of apically extruded bacteria using CD and FM instrumentation techniques produced by differences in taper between the instruments used during biomechanical preparation of root canals.

Materials and methods
The present study included assessments of 132 extracted maxillary central incisor teeth. To achieve a uniform teeth length of 21 mm, the height of the tooth crown was reduced for preserving the coronal portion of teeth. A modified glass vial model was constructed for the estimation of amount of bacterial extrusion through the apical region. For filling of each pulp canal specimen, 20 mL of Enterococcus faecalis suspension was used followed by the use of a number 10 K-file for carrying the bacteria down the lengths of pulp canals. All the contaminated teeth specimens were divided into six study groups with groups I to III containing specimens prepared in the CD manner, while groups IV to VI contained specimens prepared in the FM manner. Six teeth were taken as negative control with three specimens with each technique, and another six specimens were taken as positive controls. Cultivable bacterial counts were determined by evaluating 100 mL saline solution from each vial followed by its inoculation on blood agar. All the colony-forming unit (CFU) values were log-transformed (base 10), and the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.

Results
A significantly lower quantity of CFU values was observed during CD instrumentation procedures with 0.02 files in comparison with all other study groups. However, while comparing both the instrumentation procedures when different taper files, other than 0.02 taper, were used for biomechanical preparation of root canal, nonsignificant results were obtained.

Conclusion
With 0.02 taper preparations, significantly less amount of extrusion of bacteria is associated when done with CD technique.

Clinical significance
No change in the amount of apical extrusion of bacteria will be seen by changing the type of instrumentation procedures. Amount of bacteria extruded can be minimized using 0.02 taper.

How to cite this article
Priyank H, Pandey V, Sethi A, Sharma VJ, Bali H, Punia RS. Quantitative Assessment of apically Extruded Bacteria using different Instrumentation Techniques and Preparation Taper. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(9):826-830.
Derivation and Validation of Formula relating Pulmonary Acceleration Time and Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Indian Population
Authors: Ganesan Rajarajan 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundPulmonary acceleration time (PAT) forms a valuable echocardiographic parameter in deriving the mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP). The present study aims to derive and validate a formula relating MPAP and PAT in an Indian population.Materials and methodsPreoperative echocardiography was performed in 22 adult cardiac surgery patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/or mitral valve replacement. The PAT, PAT/right ventricular ejection time (RVET), PAT corrected for heart rate [(HR) HRcPAT], and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) peak velocity were correlated with MPAP measured from pulmonary artery (PA) catheter, and a new formula relating MPAP and PAT was derived and subsequently validated in another cohort of 21 patients.ResultsThe PAT, HRcPAT, and PAT/RVET correlated well (r2= 0.69, 0.68 and 0.47 respectively, p < 0.0001), while TR velocity correlated poorly with MPAP (r2= 0.20, p = 0.046). The cutoff values of PAT and HRcPAT for diagnosing pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) (MPAP = 25 mm Hg) were 74 and 99 respectively, with 92% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The derived formula (MPAP = 62.4 - 0.3 PAT) correlated well with the standard formula (79-0.45 PAT) on applying in the validation cohort (Bland—Altman plot, bias <10%). In subgroup analysis, patients with severe PAH (MPAP = 50 mm Hg) showed better correlation than patients with less than severe PAH (r2= 0.633, p =0.038 a nd r2= 0.46, p = 0.108 respectively). Similarly, the formula for deriving pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) from PAT [(PVRI = 14.9-0.09 pulmonary artery acceleration time (PAAT)] correlated well with the existing formula (PVRI = 9 - 0.07 PAAT). The inter- and intraobserver variabilities were not significant.ConclusionThe indexed formula is better in predicting MPAP from PAT in Indian population, particularly in patients with severe PAH (MPAP = 50 mm Hg) and the cutoffs of PAT and HRcPAT in predicting PAH (MPAP = 25 mm Hg) in an Indian population are 74 and 99 msec respectively.How to cite this articleMunirathinam GK, Kumar A, Ganesan R, Puri GD. Derivation and Validation of Formula relating Pulmonary Acceleration Time and Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Indian Population. J Perioper Echocardiogr 2017;5(1):3-11.
Anatomical vs Anti-anatomical Placement of a Tilting-disk Mechanical Valve in Mitral Position
Authors: Gadhinglajkar Shrinivas , Sreedhar Rupa , Chennakeshavallu GN , Bhaskar Prashanth P , Panicker Varghese T 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Anatomical and anti-anatomical placement of a prosthetic mechanical valve in mitral position has been described in the literature. In mitral position, it is preferred to place the tiltingdisk valve with its large orifice directed posteriorly, which is called as “anatomical position.” We report an incident wherein a Chitra heart valve prosthesis (CHVP) implanted in anatomical position had limited motion of tilting disk with inadequate angle of opening. This was addressed by rotating the prosthesis occluder mechanism by 180° in situ in such a way that the large orifice was directed anteriorly (anti-anatomical position) and this resulted in the adequate opening of the tilting disk. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) played a decisive role in identifying the problem and ensuring adequacy of disk opening after repositioning the prosthesis.

How to cite this article
Chennakeshavallu GN, Gadhinglajkar S, Sreedhar R, Bhaskar PP, Panicker VT. Anatomical vs Antianatomical Placement of a Tilting-disk Mechanical Valve in Mitral Position. J Perioper Echocardiogr 2017;5(1):12-15.
Comparison of the Postoperative Sensitivity using Two Flowable Composites in Noncarious Cervical Lesions: A Randomized Blinded Clinical Trial
Authors: Dhanapal Saranya , Sureshbabu Nivedhitha M 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTAimThe aim of this study was to compare the postoperative sensitivity using two flowable composites in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs).Materials and methodsA total of 136 teeth were randomly divided into two groups. In group I, 68 restorations were done using Filtek Z350 XT and in group II, 68 restorations were done using G-aenial GC Universal Flo. Sensitivity was evaluated using air blast, cold water, and cold ice stick. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to record the sensitivity scores at baseline and at 2 days, 1 week, and 4 weeks after the treatment.ResultsWhen compared between Filtek and G-aenial groups in each test and at each time point, there was no significant difference in the reduction of postoperative sensitivity.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that there was no statistical difference in the reduction of postoperative sensitivity between group I (Filtek Z350XT) and group II (G-aenial universal flow) when used in NCCLs.Clinical significanceThere was no statistical difference in the reduction of postoperative sensitivity between two flowable composites when used in NCCLs.How to cite this articleDhanapal S, Sureshbabu NM. Comparison of the Postoperative Sensitivity using Two Flowable Composites in Noncarious Cervical Lesions: A Randomized Blinded Clinical Trial. J Oper Dent Endod 2017;2(2):55-60.
Effects of Different Final Irrigating Solutions on Depth of Sealer Penetration into Dentinal Tubules: An in vitro Confocal Laser Microscopic Study
Authors: Shetty Madhavi A 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
To evaluate the maximum depth of sealer penetration into dentinal tubules at the coronal, middle, and apical third of root canals, following the use of different final irrigation solutions.

Materials and methods
Eighty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were selected for the study. After decoronation, instrumentation of samples was done using Protaper universal rotary file system till F4. During shaping and cleaning of root canal, 5.25% concentration of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was used for irrigation. The samples were then randomly divided into four groups (n = 20) depending on the final irrigating solution used. Group I: 17% aqueous ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (MA) (aq. EDTA); group II: 10% citric acid (CA); group III: 5% maleic acid; group IV: 5.25% conc. NaOCl. Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) was used to activate each final irrigating solution. The samples were obturated using warm lateral condensation technique with guttapercha coated with AH plus sealer mixed with rhodamine B dye. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) examined the sealer penetration depth.

Results
The Kruskal-Wallis analysis results showed that there was a significant difference in the maximum depth of sealer penetration among all groups in all sections (p < 0.05). The coronal sections of the root canals in each group showed a significantly higher depth of sealer penetration than did the apical and middle sections (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
A combination of 17% aq. EDTA and PUI used for final irrigation proved to be more effective for sealer penetration into the dentinal tubules.

Clinical significance
Final irrigation protocol followed is of paramount importance in achieving complete disinfection within the root canal, and also the penetration of sealer serves as an indicator of the extent to which the smear layer was removed.

How to cite this article
Shetty MA, Hegde V. Effects of Different Final Irrigating Solutions on Depth of Sealer Penetration into Dentinal Tubules: An in vitro Confocal Laser Microscopic Study. J Oper Dent Endod 2017;2(2):69-73.
Basic Life Support Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitude among Dental Students in Davangere City, Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bindu A Suma , Sushanth V Hirekalmath , Imranulla Mohamed 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
According to the World Health Organization, heart disease is the world's largest killer claiming 17.5 million lives every year. Every 29 seconds, an Indian dies of heart problem. It is important that every member of our community including dental practitioners be trained in high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) as it is a basic medical skill, which can save many lives if implemented timely.

Aim
The aim of the study was to determine basic life support (BLS) knowledge, awareness, and attitude among clinical dental students (III and IV year students), interns, and postgraduate students in the dental colleges of Davangere city, Karnataka, India.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted by using a close-ended, validated questionnaire comprising 17 questions pertaining to demographic details, knowledge, awareness, and attitude toward BLS among clinical dental students in Davangere city. Descriptive, chi-squared test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the data using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.

Results
After excluding the incomplete response forms, the data were analyzed for 495 responders with a response rate of 96.6%. In the present study, only 23.2% of the responders answered that the rate of chest compression is 100/minute in adults and children and 62.2% of the students were not aware of Heimlich maneuver. About 68.5% students had not attended previous BLS workshops.

Conclusion
The present study highlights that the overall knowledge, awareness, and attitude among dental students regarding BLS is not satisfactory in Davangere. This study emphasizes the fact that undergraduate course in dentistry must be regularly updated on the knowledge and skills regarding BLS along with practical courses.

How to cite this article
Bindu AS, Sushanth VH, Kumar PGN, Prashant GM, Imranulla M. Basic Life Support Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitude among Dental Students in Davangere City, Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Study. J Oral Health Comm Dent 2017;11(2):23-28.
Secure Mobile IP with HIP Style Handshaking and Readdressing for public-key based IP network
Authors: So Yick Hon Joseph , Wang Jidong , Chandra Deddy 
Published: September 2017

Mobile IP allows a mobile node to roam into a
foreign IP network without losing its connection with its
peer. Mobile IPv6 uses Route Optimization to improve the routing performance by avoiding the triangle routing problem and adopting Return Routability as a secure process for binding update. Host Identity Protocol (HIP) is an experimental security protocol which provides mobility management and multi-homing with new namespace. HIP has a similar architecture to the Mobile IP with Route Optimization. In this paper, we introduce a Secure Mobile IP with HIP Style Handshaking and Readdressing (SMIP), which provides stronger security, better performance and
lower binding cost than Mobile IPv6 does in binding update process. The dependency of the home agent in the new scheme is dramatically decreased. The initiated scheme integrates the primary features of two completely different mobility management solutions and sets up a migration path from mobile-IP based solution to a public-key based solution in mobile IP networks.
A Chain Oriented Data Collection Protocol for Energy-Aware and Delay-Constrained WSN
Authors: Tabassum Nahdia , Mamun Quazi Ehsanul Kabir , Haque Ahsanul A K M , Urano Yoshiyori 
Published: September 2017

Energy awareness plays an important role in
developing routing protocol for the battery powered wireless sensor networks. As the replacement of the battery is often unfeasible in practical situations, we present here an optimal solution for the maximum utilization of precious available energy at the same time trying to minimize the latency in data delivery. We propose to form hierarchical chains with deployed sensors to collect information from a
target field where data get fused at every node level before transmitted finally. Our protocol utilizes the higher energy nodes for more frequent long distance transmissions so that the energy expenditure become even between all nodes in the network irrespective of their physical locations. It has been found in our simulation that this protocol outperforms other hierarchical protocols like LEACH and PEGASIS in both the cases of energy consumption and time requirements respectively. It has been also found that the overall lifetime of the sensor network also increases in our protocol.
Encryption Efficiency Analysis and Security Evaluation of RC6 Block Cipher for Digital Images
Authors: Faragallah Osama Salah , Ahmed Hossam El-din Hussien , Ahmed Hossam El-din Hussien , Ahmed Hossam El-din Hussien , Kalash Hamdy Mohamed , Kalash Hamdy Mohamed , Kalash Hamdy Mohamed 
Published: September 2017

This paper investigates the encryption efficiency of RC6 block cipher application to digital
images, providing a new mathematical measure for encryption efficiency, which we will call the
encryption quality instead of visual inspection, The encryption quality of RC6 block cipher is investigated
among its several design parameters such as word size, number of rounds, and secret key length and
the optimal choices for the best values of such design parameters are given. Also, the security analysis
of RC6 block cipher for digital images is investigated from strict cryptographic viewpoint. The security
estimations of RC6 block cipher for digital images against brute-force, statistical, and differential attacks
are explored. Experiments are made to test the security of RC6 block cipher for digital images against
all aforementioned types of attacks. Experiments and results verify and prove that RC6 block cipher is
highly secure for real-time image encryption from cryptographic viewpoint. Thorough experimental tests
are carried out with detailed analysis, demonstrating the high security of RC6 block cipher algorithm. So,
RC6 block cipher can be considered to be a real-time secure symmetric encryption for digital images.
Algorithm of Remote Monitoring ECG Using Mobile Phone: Conception and Implementation
Authors: Merzougui Rachid, , Feham Mohammed 
Published: September 2017

Researches in the medical remote monitoring at home have taken a great consideration and care in wireless
communication these last years.
The set of these researches is linked to the aging population and lack of infrastructures of reception for persons
exposed to accident’s risks in their daily life or degradation of their health in short time. The principal objective is
to permit a taking off for medical and social dependant people as aged ones, handicapped, in order to the
adaptation with their environment domestically and make up their incapacities. In this case, it is indispensable to
make a diagnostic in a real time and managed really the given data of patients between medical actors with the
permanent security insurance of highly risky patients.
Furthermore, the need to make a speed diagnostic of patients and to detect their health state with efficacy
permits the gain of time in their taking off.
The stakes of setting up such systems are numerous, so much for patients, medical staff and the society
generally. So, it is useful to detect and prevent the occurrence of critical situations of a person at home, implying
the transmission of message and alarms to actors concerned and ready to intervene in case of necessity.
Our attention has been focused on the choice of a relevant work. It concerns an application on a mobile terminal
(MIDlet) for monitoring patient in a non-hospital setting. This paper recalls a complete architecture of an
economic wireless transmission system with the implementation of an effective algorithm, adapted to the mobile
terminal, allowing to the doctor to have the results of analysis of ECG data wirelessly.
Statistical validation of physiological indicators for non-invasive and hybrid driver drowsiness detection system
Authors: Zilberg Eugene , Xu Zheng Ming , Burton David , Karrar Murad , Lal Saroj 
Published: September 2017

A hybrid system for detecting driver
drowsiness was examined by using piezofilm movement
sensors integrated into the car seat, seat belt and steering
wheel. Statistical associations between increase in the
driver drowsiness and the non-invasive and conventional
physiological indicators were investigated. Statistically
significant associations were established for the analysed
physiological indicators – car seat movement magnitude
and (electroencephalogram) EEG alpha band power
percentage. All of the associastions were physiologically
plausible with increase in probability of drowsiness
associated with increases in the EEG alpha band power
percentage and reduction in the seat movement
magnitude. Adding a non-invasive measure such as seat
movement magnitude to any combination of the EEG
derived physiological predictors always resulted in
improvement of associations. These findings can serve as
a foundation for designing the vehicle-based fatigue
countermeasure device as well as highlight potential
difficulties and limitations of detection algorithm for such
devices.
Problems in Accepting Indonesian Candidates for Nurses and Certified Caregivers in Japan: Career Achievement of the Candidates Based on Qualitative Interviews
Authors: Saito Ayami 
Published: September 2017

Under the Japan-Indonesia Economic Partnership Agreement (JIEPA), the Japanese Government allows nurses and caregivers from Indonesia to join a training program in Japan. These nurses and caregivers are obliged to take an examination by the end of the training program, and if they pass the exam, they will get a work permit for a couple of years in Japan. However, there are cases where these nurses and caregivers have passed the examination and received the work permit, yet they opted to go back to Indonesia rather than continued to work in Japan. This paper seeks to explain how and why such case happened. This paper also tries to see how the former participants of JIEPA applied their previous experience in Japan to their current life in Indonesia. By interviewing the nurses and caregivers that once joined JIEPA program, it was discovered that family matters and inappropriate treatment from fellow colleagues at work are the two main reasons why these participants decided to go back to Indonesia after they passed the examination. As for their current life in Indonesia, many of these participants do not really feel the benefit from their previous experience, mostly because the demand for skilled nurses and caregivers is limited in Indonesia. Also, their Japanese language skill may only be useful if they are willing to work in a Japanese company.
Ring Current He Ion Control by Bounce Resonant ULF Waves
Authors: Kim Hyomin , Gerrard Andrew J. , Lanzerotti Louis J. , Soto‐Chavez Rualdo , Cohen Ross J. , Manweiler Jerry W. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRing current energy He ion (∼65 keV to ∼520 keV) differential flux data from the Radiation Belt Storm Probe Ion Composition Experiment (RBSPICE) instrument aboard the Van Allan Probes spacecraft show considerable variability during quiet solar wind and geomagnetic time periods. Such variability is apparent from orbit to orbit (∼9 h) of the spacecraft and is observed to be ∼50–100% of the nominal flux. Using data from the Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) instrument, also aboard the Van Allen Probes spacecraft, we identify that a dominant source of this variability is from ULF waveforms with periods of tens of seconds. These periods correspond to the bounce resonant timescales of the ring current He ions being measured by RBSPICE. A statistical survey using the particle and field data for one full spacecraft precession period (approximately 2 years) shows that the wave and He ion flux variations are generally anticorrelated, suggesting the bounce resonant pitch angle scattering process as a major component in the scattering of He ions.