bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost Effective Subsea Systems – Using Supplier Led Solutions
Authors: Per Arne Nilsen 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Analysis has shown that over the last decade the price of Subsea equipment/subsea developments may have multiplied by a factor of &gt;3. It has been claimed that a significant contributor to thisincrease has been the Operators tendency to prefer bespoke designs, customized totheir internal technical requirements as the basis for new developments. Subsea suppliers have argued that cost reduction and schedule advantage would result if Operators were to focus more on functional needs, using repeat designsbased onless prescriptive technical requirements when developing assets.
In 2012 TOTAL initiated work to increase efficiencies and reduce cost in subsea developments. Following the oil price collaps in 2014 the need to accelerate this work and to find even larger efficiency gains became evident. In collaboration with the industry, options were discussed and actions agreed. For subsea the most visible global industrial technical alignment action was International Organization of Oil and Gas Producers – IOGP JIP 33 (initiated by World Economic Forum, WEF) – which resulted in the issue at the end of 2016 of the specification IOGP S561 -Supplementary Requirements to API Spec 17D for Subsea Trees. Thereare several alternative understandings of what constitutes Standardizationand hence alignment on actions to achive this may also vary signficiantly. One optionfor standardization is to accept what may be called "Supplier Led solutions", i.e. to accept existing supplier solutions/components withoutadditional company specific requirements, modifications or adaptations. There are several challenges with this approach as it potentially requires compromises on existing Company technical specifications, on the implementation of lessons learned, on established execution methods and processes etc.
In 2015 TOTAL approached the subsea suppliers (system integrators) to identifyany already available supplier’s standards. Activities werethen initiated to compare these supplier standards with our internal standards/requirements. The objective was not necessarily to change the equipment proposed but rather to identify/understand any risks associated with the use of these supplier led solutions.
This work took &gt; 1 year and was near completion whenthe Absheron Early Production System (EPS) project opportunity was identified. Due to the work already completed, TOTAL was able to propose a solution to the Absheron EPS project meetingthe challenging rig schedule.
Supplier led solutions, whilst a good option for certain developments, may not be the best solution for all developments. The experience with the Absheron EPS is a confirmation that TOTAL has the ability to adapt to the changing industry landscape and apply the highest value, fit-for-purpose solution to new subsea developments.
Application of Complex Approach to Risk Assessment for the Development of Pre-Fasila Reservoir in the Caspian Sea
Authors: Machukaev D. , Makarova E. , Baghirov O. , Sultanov A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Complex approach to risk assessment is crucial especially if we deal with an offshore greenfield which development plan is hovering on the verge of profitability. The paper describes the algorithm and some outputs of application of the modern simulation technologies for assessment of the risks associated with the development of one of the Caspian offshore fields.
The carried out risk assessment is based on multi-realization calculations including geomodeling, reservoir simulation and integrated modeling of fluid flow in wells and gathering system. Several types of variables affecting geovolumes and fluid flow are used to estimate uncertainties. The neighboring hydrocarbon field, where pre-Fasila formation has been under development for more than 20 years, is included into the model because its hydrodynamic connection with the studied field is in question. Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique is applied to get a posterior distribution of the future reservoir production.
The calculation resulted in the conclusion that two offshore platforms should be installed at the middle and south-eastern parts of the field. This conclusion respects the risk defined by two main sources of uncertainty, the impact of which varies in different parts of the field.
The applied approach enables quantitative risk assessment to be made in acceptable time, thus helps to make transparent and informed decisions and improves the project management efficiency.
Remineralization Strategies in Oral Hygiene: A Position Paper of Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. Working Group
Authors: Sanavia Consuelo , Tatullo Marco , Bassignani Jessica , Cotellessa Silvia , Fantozzi Giulia , Acito Giovanna , Iommiello Alessia , Chiavistelli Lorella , Sabatini Silvia , Nardi Gianna Maria 
Published: October 2017

Background/Objective:The clinical conditions that lead to an alteration of the enamel structure are numerous. The diet high in sugars and acidifying substances, psychological stress that triggers parafunctional behaviors, the reduced intake of fiber-rich foods or alkalizing substances, together with other factors, contribute to demineralization of the tooth enamel. Dental mineralizing products on the current market are distinguished according to the dosage form, the active ingredient, the release technology, clinical indications and patient choice. Currently, it is necessary to propose to oral health professionals a guide to orient themselves in this chaotic choice, in order to prefer the most effective product for their own clinical target.Methods:Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. is one of the leading scientific Italian societies representing those dental hygienists working with high-quality standards and in agreement with scientific evidence: in the last year, the SISIO working group has carried out a study focused on remineralizing agents in dentistry, in order to give an authoritative point of view to indicate a guideline in the decision process of the choice of a remineralizing agent. We will report the results pointed out from the last consensus meeting in 2017.Results:We have reported the good the bad and the ugly have been discussed in a critical discussion of such topic.Conclusion:The SISIO experience has been reported in this position paper with the aim to serve as a useful aid in the daily choice of the clinical steps to perform, when dental professionals need to treat demineralized teeth.
Oral Manifestations in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease – A Review Article
Authors: Macho Viviana Marisa Pereira , Coelho Ana Sofia , Veloso e Silva Diana Maria , Andrade David José Casimiro de 
Published: October 2017

Background:Coeliac disease is a chronic enteropathy that remains a challenge for the clinician, due to its atypical manifestations and etiopathogenic complexity.Objective:This article intends to describe the oral characteristics of Coeliac Disease in children in order to facilitate their management in the dental office.Methods:A review of the literature was performed electronically in PubMed (PubMed Central, and MEDLINE) for articles published in English from 2000 to April of 2017. The article is also based on the authors' clinical experience with children with coeliac disease. The searched keywords were “coeliac disease “,”oral manifestations “, “dental enamel defects”, “recurrent aphthous stomatitis” and “oral aphthous ulcers”.Results:There are some oral manifestations which are strictly related to coeliac disease: dental enamel defects, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, delayed tooth eruption, multiple caries, angular cheilitis, atrophic glossitis, dry mouth and burning tongue.Conclusion:The complete knowledge of the oral manifestations of coeliac disease can trigger an effective change in the quality of life of the patients with this disease.
Dose Escalation and Co-therapy Intensification Between Etanercept, Adalimumab, and Infliximab: The CADURA Study
Authors: Thorne Carter , Boire Gilles , Chow Andrew , Garces Kirsten , Liu Fang , Poulin-Costello Melanie , Walker Valery , Haraoui Boulos 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To compare anti-TNF dose escalation, DMARD and/or glucocorticoid intensification, switches to another biologic, and drug and drug-related costs over 12 and 18 months for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients initiating etanercept (ETN), adalimumab (ADA), or infliximab (IFX) in routine clinical practice across Canada.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of biologic-naïve adult RA patients newly initiating ADA, ETN, or IFX between January 01, 2006 and December 31, 2012 from 11 practices across Canada.

Results:
There were 314 patients in the 12-month analysis and 217 in the 18-month analysis. No dose escalation occurred with ETN over 12 and 18 months versus 38% and 32% for IFX (p<0.001) and 2% and 2% for ADA (p=0.199, p=0.218). Over 18 months, dose escalation and/or DMARD and/or glucocorticoid intensification was less frequent among ETN (16%) versus IFX (44%, p=0.005) and ADA (34%, p=0.004). By 18 months, 22% of patients initiating ADA had switched to another biologic compared with 6% of ETN patients (p=0.001).
Patients initiating ETN had lower total (drug and drug-related) costs over 12 and 18 months compared to IFX, and no difference compared to ADA when adjusted for potential confounders. Patients with dose escalation had higher costs compared to those with no dose escalation.

Conclusion:
Physicians were more likely to escalate the dose of IFX, but optimize co-therapy with ADA and ETN. ETN patients had no dose escalation and were less likely to have DMARD and/or glucocorticoid intensification than ADA patients. ETN-treated patients had lower costs compared to IFX patients.
DATABASE COMPILATION AND VIRTUAL SCREENING OF SECONDARY METABOLITES DERIVED FROM MARINE FUNGI AS EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR TYROSINE ABSTRACT KINASE INHIBITORS
Authors: Watty Mega , Syahdi Rezi Riadhi , Yanuar Arry 
Published: October 2017

Objective: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a transmembrane protein with cytoplasmic kinase activity, transduces growth factor signaling from the extracellular space to the cell. EGFR downstream signaling increases proliferation and reduces apoptosis. Agents that are targeted at intracellular tyrosine kinase are tyrosine kinase inhibitor small molecules, which have a mechanism of action that affects adenosine triphosphate binding to the receptor. The exploration of bioactive compounds from marine materials, including marine fungi, has become a major interest lately for anticancer treatment.Methods: In this research, a database was created and in silico screening was conducted using AutoDock and Vina to obtain potential marine fungi bioactive compounds as EGFR-tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) inhibitors, which act as antiproliferative agents on tumor cell growth.Results: This research has concluded that the three marine fungi compounds with the lowest binding free energy, FU0015, FU0051, and FU0202, have great potential as inhibitors of EGFR-TK. Conclusions: Three active compounds were identified as inhibitors of EGFR-TK, which were Fiscalin A, derived from Neosartorya paulistensis KUFC 7897 (FU0015); Aspergiolide B, derived from Aspergillus flavus (FU0051); and Sporothrix A, derived from Sporothrix sp. (FU0202).
Lama-ajan joutilas mies ja homososiaalinen yhteisö Pekko Aikamiespoika -elokuvissa 1993‒1997
Authors: Kallioniemi Noora , Karvo Elina 
Published: October 2017

Tarkastelemme artikkelissa Pekko Aikamiespoikaa ja hänen Tyräaholla asuvia ystäviään esimerkkeinä positiivisesta joutilaisuudesta ja huolta pitävästä homososiaalisesta yhteisöstä. Pekko-elokuvien (1993‒1997) tuotannon ja tulkinnan kehys on 1990-luvun syvä lama. Ajan julkisessa keskustelussa suhde työttömiin koveni ja työvoiman ulkopuolelle jäämistä alettiin pitää yksilön henkilökohtaisena ominaisuutena. Joutilas työtön ei osallistunut tarpeeksi ahkerasti itsensä kehittämiseen ja kansakunnan talouden tasapainottamiseen. Samalla ajan miestutkimuksessa nostettiin esiin miehille asetetut epärealistiset rooliodotukset jatkuvasta selviytymisestä taloudellisesti tiukkoina aikoina. Pekko ystävineen edustaa positiivista joutilasta miestä, joka toimii aktiivisesti tärkeinä pitämiensä asioiden edistämiseksi, opiskelee haluamiaan asioita ja ennen kaikkea on arvostettu osa omaa yhteisöään. Näin hän on itse asiassa esimerkillinen innovatiivinen kansalainen, mutta hänen toimeliaisuutensa kohdistuu yhteiskunnan kannalta vääriin kohteisiin.
Timo Koivusalon Pekko on hahmona intermediaalinen ja ammentaa edeltävistä suomalaisen elokuvan lajityypeistä kuten maalaiskomedioista ja rillumarei- ja tukkilaiselokuvista. Pekko tarjoaa Uuno Turhapuron tavoin katsojalle sadunomaisen maailman, jossa arkipäivän murheet on mahdollista asettaa syrjään. Pekko-elokuvien aikalaiskritiikeissä nostettiin vahvasti esiin lama-ajan synkkien näkymien kaukaisuutta Tyräahon kylän idyllisessä maalaismaisemassa. Pekon joutilaisuus nouseekin erityiseen asemaan ristiinluettaessa elokuvien komediallista historiaa lama-ajan yhteiskunnallista kontekstia vasten.
Maternal and fetal effects of dexmedetomidine infusion in pregnant ewes anesthetized with sevoflurane
Authors: Lépiz Mauricio Loría , Sayre Rebecca , Sawant Onkar , Barr James , Pashmakova Medora , Washburn Kevin , Washburn Shannon 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the maternal and fetal cardiopulmonary effects of a low-dose infusion of dexmedetomidine without a loading dose in pregnant ewes anesthetized with sevoflurane.
ANIMALS 11 pregnant ewes.
PROCEDURES Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane. Ewes and fetuses were instrumented with arterial and venous catheters, and thermodilution–pulmonary arterial catheters were placed in the ewes. Baseline measurements were obtained at an end-tidal sevoflurane concentration of 3.4%, then dexmedetomidine (2 μg/kg/h, IV) was infused for 90 minutes without a loading dose. Cardiovascular and blood gas variables were measured at predetermined time points.
RESULTS Dexmedetomidine infusion resulted in approximately 30% decreases in maternal systemic vascular resistance, blood pressure, and heart rate. Maternal cardiac index, oxygenation variables, and acid-base status remained unchanged, whereas pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and stroke volume increased, compared with baseline values. Uterine blood flow decreased by approximately 30% to 36%. Fetal heart rate and blood pressure remained unchanged, but significant increases in fetal plasma glucose and lactate concentrations were detected.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Pregnant ewes receiving a combination of sevoflurane and an infusion of dexmedetomidine without a loading dose had cardiac index in acceptable ranges and maintained normoxia. This balanced anesthesia did not produce significant changes in fetal blood pressure or heart rate. However, the increase in fetal plasma lactate concentration and changes in maternal pulmonary vascular resistance and uterine blood flow require further investigation to better elucidate these effects.
Evaluation of canine hepatic masses by use of triphasic computed tomography and B-mode, color flow, power, and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography and correlation with histopathologic classification
Authors: Griebie Erin R. , David Frederic H. , Ober Christopher P. , Feeney Daniel A. , Anderson Kari L. , Wuenschmann Arno , Jessen Carl R. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine clinical relevance for quantitative and qualitative features of canine hepatic masses evaluated by use of triphasic CT and B-mode, color flow, power, and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography and to compare diagnostic accuracy of these modalities for predicting mass type on the basis of histopathologic classification.
ANIMALS 44 client-owned dogs.
PROCEDURES Dogs with histopathologic confirmation (needle core, punch, or excisional biopsy) of a hepatic mass were enrolled. Triphasic CT and B-mode, color flow, power, and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography of each hepatic mass were performed. Seventy quantitative and qualitative variables of each hepatic mass were recorded by 5 separate observers and statistically evaluated with discriminant and stepwise analyses. Significant variables were entered in equation-based predictions for the histopathologic diagnosis.
RESULTS An equation that included the lowest delayed-phase absolute enhancement of the mass and the highest venous-phase mass conspicuity was used to correctly classify 43 of 46 (93.5%) hepatic masses as benign or malignant. An equation that included only the lowest delayed-phase absolute enhancement of the mass could be used to correctly classify 42 of 46 (91.3%) masses (with expectation of malignancy if this value was < 37 Hounsfield units). For ultrasonography, categorization of the masses with cavitations as malignant achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 80.4%.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Triphasic CT had a higher accuracy than ultrasonography for use in predicting hepatic lesion classification. The lowest delayed-phase absolute enhancement of the mass was a simple calculation that required 2 measurements and aided in the differentiation of benign versus malignant hepatic masses.
Influence of trial repetition on lameness during force platform gait analysis in a heterogeneous population of clinically lame dogs each trotting at its preferred velocity
Authors: Mickelson Megan A. , Vo Thao , Piazza Alexander M. , Volstad Nicola J. , Nemke Brett W. , Muir Peter 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine variance effects influencing ground reaction forces (GRFs) in a heterogeneous population of lame dogs during trotting.
ANIMALS 30 client-owned dogs with thoracic limb lameness and 31 dogs with pelvic limb lameness.
PROCEDURES GRFs, velocity, height at the dorsal aspect of the scapulae (ie, withers), and shoulder height were obtained. Each dog was trotted across a force platform at its preferred velocity. Variance effects for 12 velocity and associated relative velocity (V*) ranges were examined.
RESULTS Individual dog, velocity, V*, and limb significantly influenced GRFs. Withers height V* ranges were associated with small variance in GRFs, but all absolute and V* ranges were associated with significant effects for all 4 limbs and both types of lameness. Significant changes in lame limb GRFs and velocity in ipsilateral trials in dogs with thoracic limb and pelvic limb lameness were evident with trial repetition. Withers height V* range of 0.55 to 0.93 captured a large proportion of trials (> 90%) in dogs with thoracic limb or pelvic limb lameness, with limited effects on peak vertical force and vertical impulse.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Trial repetition caused alterations to GRFs and subject velocity that may have confounded assessment of lameness, which supported the concept that a priori selection of a velocity or V* range for force platform gait analysis should use a range that captures valid trials efficiently while minimizing GRF variance. These ranges typically would span the preferred velocity of subject dogs, such as withers height V* of 0.55 to 0.93.
Effect of track surface firmness on the development of musculoskeletal injuries in French Trotters during four months of harness race training
Authors: Crevier-Denoix Nathalie , Audigié Fabrice , Emond Anne-Laure , Dupays Anne-Gaelle , Pourcelot Philippe , Desquilbet Loic , Chateau Henry , Denoix Jean-Marie 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of track surface firmness on the development of musculoskeletal injuries in French Trotters during 4 months of race training.
ANIMALS 12 healthy 3-year-old French Trotters.
PROCEDURES Horses were paired on the basis of sex and body mass. Horses within each pair were randomly assigned to either a hard-track or soft-track group. The counterclockwise training protocol was the same for both groups. Surface firmness of each track was monitored throughout the training period. Radiography, ultrasonography, MRI, and scintigraphy were performed on all 4 limbs of each horse before and after 2 and 4 months of training. Lesions were described, and lesion severity was classified with a 5-point system, where 0 = no lesions and 4 = severe lesion.
RESULTS 86 lesions were identified, of which 46 (53.5%) were classified as potentially clinically relevant (grade, ≥ 2). Of the 18 moderate and severe lesions, 15 were identified in horses of the hard-track group, and 10 of those were in forelimbs. Moderate to severe tendinopathy of the superficial digital flexor tendon of the forelimb developed in 3 of the 6 horses of the hard-track group but none of the horses of the soft-track group. Metatarsal condyle injuries were more frequent in horses of the hard-track group than horses of the soft-track group. Severe lesions were identified only in left limbs.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that track surface firmness is a risk factor for musculoskeletal injuries in horses trained for harness racing.
Ammonia concentrations in arterial blood, venous blood, and cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with and without congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts
Authors: Or Matan , Devriendt Nausikaa , Kitshoff Adriaan M. , Peremans Kathelijne , Vandermeulen Eva , Paepe Dominique , Polis Ingeborgh , Martlé Valentine , de Rooster Hilde 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare ammonia concentrations in arterial blood, venous blood, and CSF samples of dogs with and without extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (EHPSS).
ANIMALS 19 dogs with congenital EHPSS and 6 healthy control dogs.
PROCEDURES All dogs underwent a physical examination and then were anesthetized for transsplenic portal scintigraphy to confirm the presence or absence of EHPSS. While dogs were anesthetized, arterial and venous blood samples and a CSF sample were simultaneously collected for determination of ammonia concentration, which was measured by use of a portable blood ammonia analyzer (device A) and a nonportable biochemical analyzer (device B). Results were compared between dogs with EHPSS and control dogs.
RESULTS Arterial, venous, and CSF ammonia concentrations for dogs with EHPSS were significantly greater than those for control dogs. For dogs with EHPSS, ammonia concentrations in both arterial and venous blood samples were markedly increased from the reference range. There was a strong positive correlation between arterial and venous ammonia concentrations and between blood (arterial or venous) and CSF ammonia concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that blood and CSF ammonia concentrations in dogs with EHPSS were greater than those for healthy dogs and were strongly and positively correlated, albeit in a nonlinear manner. This suggested that the permeability of the blood-brain barrier to ammonia may be abnormally increased in dogs with EHPSS, but further investigation of the relationship between blood or CSF ammonia concentration and clinical signs of hepatic encephalopathy or the surgical outcome for dogs with EHPSS is warranted.