bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insekten als Indikatoren
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSchmetterlinge werden seit Jahrhunderten beobachtet, gesammelt und wissenschaftlich untersucht bis hin zur molekularen Ebene. Selbst genetische Untersuchungen an historischen Exemplaren sind möglich und aufschlussreich. Die Daten dokumentieren den Schwund der Artenvielfalt und Verlust der Lebensräume.
Spurensuche im Fluss
Authors: Meier Florian , Kohl Yvonne 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDie steigenden Produktionsmengen von Nanomaterialien führen dazu, dass Mensch und Umwelt diesen vermehrt ausgesetzt sind. Bisher fehlten die Messmethoden, um geringe Dosen von Nanopartikeln nachzuweisen und das Risiko zu bewerten, das von ihnen ausgeht. Eine Methode, Nanopartikel in Umweltmatrizes zu detektieren, ist die Feldflussfraktionierung.
Doktorandenseminar Nucleinsäurechemie in Bad Herrenalb
Authors: Richert Clemens 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEnde September trafen sich vierzig Teilnehmer zum dritten Doktorandenseminar der Deutschen Nucleinsäurechemiegemeinschaft (DNG) in Bad Herrenalb. Die zweitägige Veranstaltung bestand aus zehn Doktorandenvorträgen, vier Methodenvorträgen von etablierten Wissenschaftlern und Flash Talks zur Vorstellung der zwölf angemeldeten Poster.
Berliner Blau: Elektrochromie in der Schule
Authors: Oetken Marco , Wagner Corina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractElektrochrome Fensterscheiben, smart windows, wechseln auf Knopfdruck ihre Farbe und lassen mal mehr, mal weniger Licht durch. In Gebäude eingebaut, sollen sie zur Energieeffizienz beitragen. Im Chemieunterricht zeigen selbstbeschichtete leitfähige Gläser, wie solche Fenster funktionieren.
25. Nachwuchsgruppentreffen Bioorganische Chemie
Authors: Beemelmanns Christine , Stallforth Pierre 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEnde September trafen sich etwa 40 Gruppenleiter, Juniorprofessoren und Postdoktoranden mit Leitungsfunktion am Leibniz‐Institut für Naturstoff‐Forschung und Infektionsbiologie (Hans‐Knöll‐Institut, HKI) in Jena zum Nachwuchsgruppentreffen Bioorganische Chemie. An drei Tagen referierten und diskutierten die Teilnehmer über Themen, die von Strukturbiologie und biomolekularer Chemie über Naturstoffchemie bis zur Katalyse reichten.
4. Niedersächsisches Katalyse‐Symposium
Authors: Kreft Alexander 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMitte September 2016 trafen sich etwa 120 Teilnehmer in Braunschweig, um zum vierten Mal auf dem zweitägigen niedersächsischen Katalyse‐Symposium über Entwicklungen der Katalyseforschung zu diskutieren. Die Veranstaltung organisierten Matthias Tamm und Thomas Bannenberg mit Doktoranden der TU Braunschweig im Rahmen des Programms Catalysis for Sustainable Synthesis, das die TU Braunschweig in Kooperation mit der Universität Göttingen durchführt.
A novel two‐nucleotide deletion in HPS6 affects mepacrine uptake and platelet dense granule secretion in a family with Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome
Authors: Andres Oliver , Wiegering Verena , König Eva‐Maria , Schneider Anna Lena , Semeniak Daniela , Stritt Simon , Klopocki Eva , Schulze Harald 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackgroundHermansky–Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by oculocutaneous albinism and platelet dysfunction. We report on a novel HPS6 homozygous frameshift variant (c.1919_1920delTC; p.Val640Glyfs*29) in a nonconsanguineous Caucasian family with two affected siblings (index patients) who presented with oculocutaneous albinism at birth and a mild bleeding phenotype during childhood and adolescence.ProcedureGenetic analysis was conducted by panel‐based next‐generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing. Platelets of the index patients, their parents, and the unaffected sister were then comprehensively evaluated by luminoaggregometry, whole blood flow cytometry, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy.ResultsThe homozygous frameshift variant in HPS6 gene detected by panel‐based NGS and its segregation in the family was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Flow cytometric analysis of the patients’ platelets revealed a substantially decreased mepacrine uptake and release upon activation with a thrombin receptor agonist. Electron microscopy of resting platelets confirmed diminished dense granule content and enhanced vacuolization. Reduced release of adenosine triphosphate and CD63 neoexposition upon activation indicated not only a lack of dense granule content, but even an impairment of dense granule release.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that the novel loss‐of‐function variant in the HPS6 subunit of biogenesis of lysosome‐related organelles complex 2 is pathologic and leads to a reduced platelet dense granules and their release. The findings are compatible with an impaired platelet function and hence an enhanced bleeding risk. In future, a valid genotype–phenotype correlation may translate into best supportive care, especially regarding elective surgery or trauma management.
Operational and Clinical Strategies to Address Drug Cost Containment in the Acute Care Setting
Authors: McConnell Karen J. , Guzman Oscar E. , Pherwani Nisha , Spencer Dustin D. , Van Cura Jennifer D. , Shea Katherine M. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo provide clinical and operational strategies to generate drug cost savings in the hospital setting.MethodsA search of the PubMed database was performed with no time limit through July 2016. All original prospective and retrospective studies, peer‐reviewed guidelines, consensus statements, review articles, and accompanying references were evaluated for inclusion. Only articles published in the English language were included.Main resultsInvestigators reviewed 937 abstracts. The review of the literature showed that acute care hospitals are under increasing financial pressures, and the pharmacy is often responsible for opportunities to manage drug costs. The literature also indicated that cost‐containment strategies in the acute care setting range from pharmacy‐directed activities to initiatives requiring interdisciplinary collaboration and strategic planning. Hospital pharmacies should consider establishing an interdisciplinary team that is responsible for systematically reviewing drug cost implications and leading any initiatives that are deemed necessary. Acute care settings can use various operational and clinical strategies to lower their expenditures on high‐cost drugs. Operational strategies include various activities that pharmacy staff implement related to contracting, purchasing, and inventory management. Clinical strategies utilize clinical pharmacists working with interdisciplinary teams to develop and maintain a formulary, implement established‐use criteria for select drugs, use dose optimization, and implement other clinical tactics aimed at cost containment. After initiatives are implemented, assessing the outcomes of the initiatives is important to determine how successful they were at lowering costs safely and effectively.ConclusionAcute care hospitals can use various operational and clinical strategies to lower overall drug costs. A systematic stepwise approach is recommended to ensure relevant drugs are regularly reviewed and addressed as needed.
Approaches to polymeric mechanochromic materials
Authors: Calvino Céline , Neumann Laura , Weder Christoph , Schrettl Stephen 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTMechanochromic materials respond to mechanical stimuli with a change of their optical properties. Such materials are of interest for many technological applications and support fundamental research as they help improving the understanding of stress transfer in polymeric objects and aid in the identification of the processes that lead to mechanical failure. In this highlight, different approaches are discussed that permit the design of polymeric materials, which signal mechanical stresses through a chromic response. This highlight emphasizes materials that exhibit mechanically induced changes of their intrinsic absorption or emission properties. These responses almost exclusively originate from changes of molecular structure, conformational rearrangements, or disruption of intermolecular interactions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 640–652
Examination of the Effect of N‐terminal Diproline and Charged Side Chains on the Stabilization of Helical Conformation in Alanine–based Short Peptides: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Goyal Bhupesh , Srivastava Kinshuk Raj , Durani Susheel 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe effect of N‐terminal diproline segment and charged side chains on the stabilization of helical conformation in alanine‐based short peptides are examined using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The cationic peptides, Ac–Pro1–Pro2–Ala3–Lys4–Ala5–Lys6–Ala7–Lys8–Ala9–NH2 (Ia) and Ac–DPro1–Pro2–Ala3–Lys4–Ala5–Lys6–Ala7–Lys8–Ala9–NH2 (IIa) are examined for the role of lysine side chains on the inducement of helical conformation in alanine‐based short peptides. To examine the influence of lysine and glutamic acid in the i, i + 4 arrangement on the stabilization of helical conformation, cationic peptides, Ia and IIa, are modified as ion‐pair peptides, Ac–Pro1–Pro2–Glu3–Glu4–Ala5–Ala6–Lys7–Lys8–Ala9–NH2 (Ib) and Ac–DPro1–Pro2–Glu3–Glu4–Ala5–Ala6–Lys7–Lys8–Ala9–NH2 (IIb), respectively. MD simulations manifest enhanced occupancies in the α basin of ϕ, ψ space for ion‐pair peptides as compare to cationic peptides. The radial distribution function (RDF) analysis highlight that large side chain substituents of lysine and glutamic acid assist in helix formation by blocking water molecules from solvating backbone CO and NH groups.
Two 3D POM‐Based Inorganic–organic Hybrid Compounds Constructed from Different {VO3}4n Subunits and N‐donor ligands: Syntheses, Structures, Electrocatalytic and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Xiong Yao , Zhou Shuai , Hou WenTao , Xu Yan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTwo new 3D organic‐inorganic hybrid materials Cu(bim)V2O6 (1) (bim=bis(1‐imidazolyl)methane) and Co(2‐mbim)V2O6 (2) (2‐mbim=bis(2‐methylimidazol‐1‐yl)methane) based on polyoxovanadates (POVs) and organic ligands decorated transition metal units have been synthesized by solvothermal methods. Single crystal XRD, soild UV‐vis and IR spectra, powder XRD, magnetic measurement and thermogravimetric (TG) measurements were performed to analyze the structures and properties of 1 and 2. The topological structures of both compounds are interesting, and not reported previously. Structural analysis indicates that compound 1 features a 3D zeolite‐like framework, constructed by wave‐like {V4O12}n4n− chains and [Cu(bim)2]n2n+ chains. These parallel chains constitute the fundamental motif via ‐(Cu‐O−V)‐ helical bridges. In the structure of 2, {V4O12}4− cycle is linked with four {V4O12}4− cycles giving rise to 2D {Co2V4O12}n layers which were further pillared by the organic 2‐mbim ligand via N–Co–O linkages to form the 3D framework. Electrochemical studies exhibit that compound 1 possesses excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. The magnetic susceptibility measurement indicates antiferromagnetic interactions in both 1 and 2.
Geklebte Kreishohlprofilanschlüsse in Stahlkonstruktionen
Authors: Albiez Matthias , Ummenhofer Thomas , Bucak Ömer , Ehard Heinrich , Fricke Holger , Vallée Till 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHerrn Univ.‐Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Gerhard Hanswille zur Vollendung seines 65. Lebensjahres gewidmetDerzeit werden Kreishohlprofilanschlüsse im Stahlbau in der Regel durch das Fügeverfahren Schweißen realisiert. Bei nicht ruhender Beanspruchung stellen die Schweißnähte jedoch stets den Ausgangsort von Ermüdungsrissen dar. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Ergebnisse des abgeschlossenen FOSTA‐Forschungsprojektes P 884. Gegenstand dieses Projektes war die Entwicklung einer geklebten Verbindung zum Anschluss von Kreishohlprofilen an Stahlgussknoten unter Berücksichtigung der Anforderungen und Randbedingungen des Bauwesens. Die Verbindung wird dabei als Überlappungsstoß ausgeführt. Aufgrund der Maßtoleranzen der Fügeteile sind Dickschichtklebungen in der Größenordnung von mehreren Millimetern erforderlich. Die außerordentliche Leistungsfähigkeit der entwickelten Klebverbindung wird durch umfangreiche experimentelle Untersuchungen aufgezeigt.Adhesively bonded structural hollow sections in steel constructions. Up to now, structural hollow sections, in particular tubulars, are connected by welding. However, welded joints are critical with regard to fatigue loads, and represent starting points of cracks that are difficult to monitor. This paper summarizes the findings of the FOSTA research project P 884, which focused on the development of adhesively bonded connections of tubular hollow sections to cast‐steel nodes. Particular attention was devoted to consider the particular conditions prevalent in civil engineering. Joints were designed as tubular lap joints. To compensate the hollow structural sections' manufacturing tolerances, adhesive layers of several millimeters in thickness were considered. The outstanding performance of the resulting adhesively bonded joints was proven in a large experimental campaign.
Overall Optimization for Offshore Wind Farm Electrical System
Authors: Hou Peng , Hu Weihao , Chen Cong , Chen Zhe 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBased on particle swarm optimization (PSO), an optimization platform for offshore wind farm electrical system (OWFES) is proposed in this paper, where the main components of an offshore wind farm and key technical constraints are considered as input parameters. The offshore wind farm electrical system is optimized in accordance with initial investment by considering three aspects: the number and siting of offshore substations (OS), the cable connection layout of both collection system (CS) and transmission system (TS) as well as the selection of electrical components in terms of voltage level and capacity. Because hundreds of optimization variables, continuous or discrete, are involved in the problem, a mix integer PSO (MIPSO) is required to obtain the solution. The fuzzy C‐means clustering (FCM) algorithm is used to partition the wind farm into several sub regions. The collection system layout in each sub region as well as the connection scheme between offshore substations are optimized by an adaptive PSO‐minimum spanning tree algorithm (APSO‐MST) which has been proposed in a previous work. The simulation results show that the proposed optimization platform can find an optimized layout that save 3.01% total cost compared with the industrial layout, and can be a useful tool for OWFES design and evaluation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Counselees’ Perspectives of Genomic Counseling Following Online Receipt of Multiple Actionable Complex Disease and Pharmacogenomic Results: a Qualitative Research Study
Authors: Sweet Kevin , Hovick Shelly , Sturm Amy C. , Schmidlen Tara , Gordon Erynn , Bernhardt Barbara , Wawak Lisa , Wernke Karen , McElroy Joseph , Scheinfeldt Laura , Toland Amanda E. , Roberts J. S. , Christman Michael 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGenomic applications raise multiple challenges including the optimization of genomic counseling (GC) services as part of the results delivery process. More information on patients’ motivations, preferences, and informational needs are essential to guide the development of new, more efficient practice delivery models that capitalize on the existing strengths of a limited genetic counseling workforce. Semi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted with a subset of counselees from the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative following online receipt of multiple personalized genomic test reports. Participants previously had either in‐person GC (chronic disease cohort, n = 20; mean age 60 years) or telephone GC (community cohort, n = 31; mean age 46.8 years). Transcripts were analyzed using a Grounded Theory framework. Major themes that emerged from the interviews include 1) primary reasons for seeking GC were to clarify results, put results into perspective relative to other health‐related concerns, and to receive personalized recommendations; 2) there is need for a more participant driven approach in terms of mode of GC communication (in‐person, phone, video), and refining the counseling agenda pre‐session; and 3) there was strong interest in the option of follow up GC. By clarifying counselees’ expectations, views and desired outcomes, we have uncovered a need for a more participant‐driven GC model when potentially actionable genomic results are received online.
From problem solving to problem definition: scrutinizing the complex nature of clinical practice
Authors: Cristancho Sayra , Lingard Lorelei , Regehr Glenn 
Published: December 2016

In medical education, we have tended to present problems as being singular, stable, and solvable. Problem solving has, therefore, drawn much of medical education researchers’ attention. This focus has been important but it is limited in terms of preparing clinicians to deal with the complexity of the 21st century healthcare system in which they will provide team-based care for patients with complex medical illness. In this paper, we use the Soft Systems Engineering principles to introduce the idea that in complex, team-based situations, problems usually involve divergent views and evolve with multiple solution iterations. As such we need to shift the conversation from (1) problem solving to problem definition, and (2) from a problem definition derived exclusively at the level of the individual to a definition derived at the level of the situation in which the problem is manifested. Embracing such a focus on problem definition will enable us to advocate for novel educational practices that will equip trainees to effectively manage the problems they will encounter in complex, team-based healthcare.
Competing Family Law Norms: Challenging Hong Kong Law’s Conceptualization of the Ideal Family
Authors: SCULLY-HILL Anne 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTwo recent Hong Kong cases have highlighted the developing dissonance between family law norms in Hong Kong and other jurisdictions. The first entailed a challenge to the Hong Kong Director of Immigration’s refusal to recognize an overseas same-sex civil partnership as analogous to marriage. The second concerned a parental order for a child born overseas as a result of a surrogacy arrangement to an unmarried commissioning couple. These two cases challenged a specific conceptualization of the family in Hong Kong law: a preference for a heterosexual, married couple as the basis for the family unit. However, other common law jurisdictions would recognize the applicants’ claims to family status, as do international human rights principles. This article explores the scope and intersection of Hong Kong’s family law values, its private international law obligations, and the potential for invoking the public policy exception in these cases. In doing so, it tests the extent to which Hong Kong law’s conceptualization of the “Ideal Family” can be legitimately imposed to oust the claims of the “Other Family” to legal recognition.
Political Stakeholder Theory: The State, Legitimacy, and the Ethics of Microfinance in Emerging Economies
Authors: Olsen Tricia D. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT:How does the state influence stakeholder legitimacy? And how does this process affect an industry’s ethical challenges? Stakeholder theory adopts a forward-looking perspective and seeks to understand how managers can address stakeholders’ claims to improve the firm’s ability to create value. Yet, existing work does not adequately address the role of the state in defining the stakeholder universe nor the implications this may have for subsequent ethical challenges managers face. This article develops a political stakeholder theory (political ST) by weaving together the political economy, stakeholder theory, and legitimacy literatures. Political ST shows how state policies influence stakeholder legitimacy and, in turn, affect an industry’s ethical challenges. This article integrates the concept of agonism to address the perennial tension between markets and states and its implications for firms and their managers. Political ST is then applied to the case of microfinance, followed by a discussion of the contributions of this approach.
The effect of shyness on children's formation and retention of novel word–object mappings
Authors: HILTON MATT , WESTERMANN GERT 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis study set out to examine whether shyness, an aversion to novelty and unfamiliar social situations, can affect the processes that underlie early word learning. Twenty-four-month-old children (n =32) were presented with sets of one novel and two familiar objects, and it was found that shyer children were less likely to select a novel object as the referent of a novel label. Furthermore, not-shy children then showed evidence of retaining these novel mappings, but shy children did not. These findings suggest that shy children's aversion to novelty and to the unfamiliar context can impact on their word learning.
Generalised Bohr compactification and model-theoretic connected components
Authors: KRUPIŃSKI KRZYSZTOF , PILLAY ANAND 
Published: December 2016

AbstractFor a group G first order definable in a structure M, we continue the study of the “definable topological dynamics” of G (from [9] for example). The special case when all subsets of G are definable in the given structure M is simply the usual topological dynamics of the discrete group G; in particular, in this case, the words “externally definable” and “definable” can be removed in the results described below.Here we consider the mutual interactions of three notions or objects: a certain model-theoretic invariant G*/(G*)000M of G, which appears to be “new” in the classical discrete case and of which we give a direct description in the paper; the [externally definable] generalised Bohr compactification of G; [externally definable] strong amenability. Among other things, we essentially prove: (i) the “new” invariant G*/(G*)000M lies in between the externally definable generalised Bohr compactification and the definable Bohr compactification, and these all coincide when G is definably strongly amenable and all types in SG(M) are definable; (ii) the kernel of the surjective homomorphism from G*/(G*)000M to the definable Bohr compactification has naturally the structure of the quotient of a compact (Hausdorff) group by a dense normal subgroup; (iii) when Th(M) is NIP, then G is [externally] definably amenable iff it is externally definably strongly amenable.In the situation when all types in SG(M) are definable, one can just work with the definable (instead of externally definable) objects in the above results.
A reinforced combinatorial particle swarm optimization based multimodel identification of nonlinear systems
Authors: Adeniran Ahmed A. , El Ferik Sami 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSeveral industrial systems are characterized by high nonlinearities with wide operating ranges and large set point changes. Identification and representation of these systems represent a challenge, especially for control engineers. Multimodel technique is one effective approach that can be used to describe nonlinear systems through the combination of several submodels, where each is contributing to the output with a certain degree of validity. One major concern in this technique, especially for systems with unknown operating conditions, is the partitioning of the system's operating space and thus the identification of different submodels. This paper proposes a three-stage approach to obtain a multimodel representation of a nonlinear system. A reinforced combinatorial particle swarm optimization and hybrid K-means are used to determine the number of submodels and their respective parameters. The proposed method automatically optimizes the number of submodels with respect to the submodel complexity. This allows operating space partition and generation of a parsimonious number of submodels without prior knowledge. The application of this approach on several examples, including a continuous stirred tank reactor, demonstrates its effectiveness.