bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Внесок київських ветеринарних лікарів другої половини ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. у світову науку і практику
Authors: Stegney M. 
Published: November 2017

Scientific researches on the activity of veterinary doctors of Kyiv in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were conducted. It was established that no attention was paid to the veterinary and sanitary organization of the Kyiv province until the end of the nineteenth century. It was confirmed by a small number of veterinary staff in the province. A small number of veterinarians in the province until 1882 could not organize veterinary and sanitary activities at the proper level. Their activities were of a purely organizational nature. During that period, the Sanitary Commission, which included medical doctors, but none veterinarian, operated in Kyiv. Only in 1885 the veterinary doctor V.K. Ponomariov was introduced into the commission (from 1886). After the liberation of V.K. Ponomariov, that post was occupied by P.M. Genevsky, who previously worked as a senior veterinarian of slaughterhouses.With the opening of urban slaughterhouses, veterinary and sanitary activities were not limited to that work, and the veterinary doctor, as a member of the Sanitary Commission, conducted an autopsy of animals, which died from infectious diseases; took measures in case of epizootics; treated urban fire horses; supervised the activities of the contractor for the disposal of dead animals and the catching of stray dogs; oversaw dairy cattle, horse's trade on fair grounds, as well as watering place and urban pastures. After creating the Kyiv city slaughterhouses, the task was to provide people with benign meat and, moreover, to prevent the pollution of water, soil and air by slaughter waste.In order to clarify the issues of veterinary and sanitary affairs in urban slaughterhouses in 1899, a special subcommittee was appointed, headed by a member of the Sanitary Commission A.K. Stolpchevsky. The subcommittee was tasked with developing an instruction for veterinarians responsible for the veterinary and sanitary condition of the Kyiv city slaughterhouses, which was conducted by the Sanitary Commission. Only in 1899 a distinction was made between purely veterinary supervision and sanitary supervision.
Морфологічні особливості кровоносних судин тимуса новонароджених телят
Authors: Stegney Zh. 
Published: November 2017

The blood vessels of thymus of newborn calves were studied by using a complex of histological methods and methods of injection of blood vessels. Calf thymus gland is an unpaired organ consisting of a pair of cervical, unpaired cervical and thoracic lobes. Radiating insertions (septa) extrude from the capsule, dividing organ on lobules. Stroma (6.53 ± 2.33%) consists of loose connective tissue. The base of the lobules is formed by a lymphoid tissue (epithelial with cells of the lymphoid series). The area of the parenchyma of the diurnal calves’ thymus is 80.57 ± 3.46%. The thymus lobes consist of cortex (57.97 ± 3.38%) and medulla (22.60 ± 2.71%). There are concentric, nest-like bodies called Hassall's corpuscles in the medulla. The blood vessels of the thymus are interlobular and intralobular. Interlobular arteries are a continuation of extraorganic arteries. The diameter, caliber and thickness of the wall of arteries and veins, as well as microcirculatory vessels are different, which is due to functional activity. Some blood vessels branch out in the interlobular stroma, while others penetrate into the lobules, where they branch into microcirculatory vessels. In the cortex the blood vessels are radially branched, and in the medulla they form polygonal plexuses. Blood vessels of the thymus are represented by arteries, veins and microcirculatory vessels. The parameters of the wall of intralobular vessels are less than interlobular. The total area of the blood vessels of the thoracic part of the thymus is 12.89 ± 0.97%, interlobular – 4.28 ± 0.61% and intralobular – 8.61 ± 0.54%. The area of interlobular arteries is 11.71 ± 0.41%, which is slightly smaller than the area of interlobular veins (19.09 ± 0.86%).Microcirculatory vessels occupy the smallest area – 2.33 ± 0.05%. The area of intralobular arteries (9.60± 0.83%) is less, and the veins (22.08 ± 0.45%) are larger than interlobular. Microcirculatory vessels occupy the largest area in the lobe – 35.14 ± 0.88%. The wall of arteries and veins consists of intima, media and adventitia. Microcirculatory vessels are represented by arterioles, precapillaries, capillaries, postcapillaries and venules. The wall of arterioles consists of an intima, which is formed by endotheliocytes on the basement membrane, a media, which is made up principally of smooth (involuntary) muscle cells and elastic fibers arranged in roughly spiral layers, and an adventitia. The structure of the precapillary wall is similar to such in arterioles, but only single smooth muscle cells are in the media. The wall of capillaries and venous section of microcirculatory vessels are formed by endotheliocytes and the basement membrane.
Передчасне відшарування плаценти коней (діагностика, лікування)
Authors: Borodynia V.I. , Svyatchenko O.A. 
Published: November 2017

In case of a premature placenta abruption, diagnostics should be done quickly, because it affects survival and viability of a foal. Premature detachment of the placenta in the mares, which occurs before or during birth, is not a common parable. This pathological condition ranges from 5 to 10% of all cases of abortion, the birth of dead fetuses and perinatal mortality in horses. The general condition of a mare usually is without any abnormalities. Clinical obstetric examination includes vaginal and sonographic study. When conducting a vaginal examination, it is possible to see an open cervix and placenta bulging in a vagina. Sonography of an uterus enables to determine location of the placenta abruption and its volume. Typical symptoms of a premature abruption of a placenta in mares become visible only when foaling. For foaling with placenta previa typical is absence of ejection of amniotic fluid (allantois fluid) at the beginning of the second stage of foaling as chorioallantois remains intact. Fetus, all shells and fluids that are contained in a holistic chorioallantois, come out at once. In afterbirth of mares with premature placental abruption changes in structure of membranes are clearly observed. This pathological condition may significantly influence the unborn foal in the neonatal period. For mares, foaling with a diagnosis of premature placental abruption does not pose any danger. One of the most important factors in treatment is immediate dissection of chorioallantois and evacuating the fetus.
Експрес-оцінка репродуктивної здатності псів в умовах розплідника
Authors: Voronov T. , Skliarov P. 
Published: November 2017

In recent decades doctors of veterinary medicine have devoted particular attention to dogs and, in particular, to the questions of physiology and pathology of their reproduction. The result is the publication of a significant number of manuals and monographs devoted to the actual issues of diagnosis and treatment of small animal diseases. Little remains the problems of andrological pathology of dogs, while the requirements for quality and number of offspring in high-value breeds of dogs and, consequently, reproductive health dogs. An important direction in solving these issues is the holding of andrological dispensary, which allows to diagnose the form of impotence, to identify the causes, to develop medical and preventive measures. However, in the conditions of large nurseries to study a significant number of dogs in limited time, there is a need for an accelerated, but at the same time, objective assessment of reproductive capacity of males. Proceeding from this, the aim of the work was to validate the method developed by us for express evaluation of the reproductive capacity of dogs in the conditions of a particular nursery.We have developed an express assessment of the reproductive capacity of dogs, which involves conducting a general clinical trial of males, a survey of the genitourinary system, determining the manifestation of sexual reflexes and the withdrawal of spermograms. The obtained results of research were distributed on a scale: «G» (good) – pathological changes were not found, all indicators of homeostasis and spermograms within the norm. The pedigree can be used without restrictions; «S» (satisfactory) – slight deviations from the norm, which have a minor effect on the body and partly reduce the reproductive potential of the dog. The herb is allowed to reproduce with a restriction on the careful control of its reproductive use; «U» (unsatisfactory) – a pathological state of the body, hypotension or impotence. Breeding is not allowed.According to the results of the research, it was determined that express assessment of the reproductive capacity of the dogs makes it possible to carry out a quick and fairly objective assessment of the reproductive potential of a large number of dogs for a limited period, to identify diseased animals, to develop and implement the necessary preventive or curative measures.It was established that from the total number of evaluated dogs of the «Zvezdnoye schastye» nursery, 12 dogs (or 76%) were rated «good» and recommended for breeding, 4 ‒ were «satisfactorily» (18%) and could be allowed to be restrained with careful control their reproductive use, 1 ‒ «unsatisfactory» (6%) with the recommendation to carry out the treatment of concomitant pathologies and pass a repeat test in a month.
Мікробіологічні показники замороженої яловичини під час зберігання
Authors: Salata V. 
Published: November 2017

During storage, meat and meat products are exposed to environmental factors, which leads to undesirable changes for the consumer, which are in the chemical composition of the product. Most often changes occur due to the action of enzymes of microorganisms. The purpose of the work was to investigate the microflora of frozen beef at different storage temperatures. Sampling of meat and meat products was carried out in accordance with GOST 7269. Microbiological investigations of meat and meat products were conducted in accordance with GOST 21237 and EU Commission Regulation №2073/2005. Meat storage was carried out in accordance with DSTU 4426 and DSTU 6030.It has been established that during storage of beef frozen at -12 °С for 8 months there is a decrease in almost the entire microflora on the surface, except for mushrooms and yeast. Thus, the number of MAFAnM (mesophilic aerobic facultative anaerobic microorganisms) in flushing with half a dozen beef was reduced by 7.9 times (P ≤ 0.05), psychrotrophic bacteria and golden staphylococci – by 1.6 times (P ≤ 0.05), enterococci – by 8.2 times (P ≤ 0.05). The most harmful temperature -12 °C affects the bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family - their content decreased by 16.2 times and amounted to 2.1 ± 0.1 × 101 CFU/cm3 from the surface. At the same time, the number of fungi and yeast on the surface of the frozen for 8 months of beef increased by 1.9 times (P ≤ 0.05). Consequently, the results of studies indicate that at the temperature of storage -12 °С the most slowly die psychrotrophic microorganisms, and the number of fungi and yeast even increases. This indicates that when storing at such a temperature it is necessary to pay attention to the initial number of fungal and psychrotrophic microflora.During storage of frozen beef at -20 °С for 14 months there is a decrease in the microflora on the surface of the meat. Thus, the number of MAFAnM in the washings from the half a beef decreased by 9.4 times (P ≤ 0.05), the psychrotrophic microorganisms by 1.7 times (Р ≤ 0.05), enterococci – by 8.8 times (Р ≤ 0.05). The bacteria content of the genus Enterobacteriaceae was decreased by 20 times. Mushrooms and yeast at this temperature were not multiplied and their number is remained at one level. Consequently, the temperature of freezing -20 °C is more detrimental to the microflora of meat, compared with the temperature -12 °C.When storing meat in a frozen state at a temperature of -25 °C for 18 months, the microbiological processes are practically similar in nature, as at -20 °C for 14 months. That is, microbiological studies indicate that for prolonged storage of beef for longer than 12 months. you can limit the temperature to -20 °C. This will reduce the cost of electricity consumed to lower the temperature to -25 °C. In addition, the frozen to -25 °C meat will be longer than the defrosting process, compared to that frozen to -20 °C.
Патоморфологічна характеристика парвовірусного ентериту в собак
Authors: Radsikhovskii N. , Zaika S. 
Published: November 2017

Viral enteritis occupy a leading place in the infectious pathology of dogs and lead to severe disorders of such systems as the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and respiratory.The comprehensive diagnosis of this pathology in dogs is not developed enough. The high variability of clinical signs for parvovirus enteritis, the complexity of the appeal with a large number of qualitative indicators, complicate the diagnosis of this disease for a practical veterinarian. The methods of pathomorphological diagnosis are simple, cheap and accessible to any veterinarian doctor. It is precisely from them that the causes of death of the animal begin to be established, with many diseases and pathological conditions, these methods remain decisive when making a diagnosis.The aim of the work was to study and analyze the pathomorphological features in parvovirus enteritis of dogs.Materials and methods of research. The work was carried out at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Zhytomyr National Agroecological University, as well as in the veterinary clinics of the city of Zhytomyr: the private veterinary clinics «Bagira» and «Doctor-Zoo», the educational and scientific-production clinic of veterinary medicine of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the (ZNAEU) in the city state Zhitomir Hospital of Veterinary Medicine and Aybolit Private Veterinary Clinic in the period from 2014 to 2017 in breeding and breeding dogs.Diagnostic studies to confirm parvovirus enteritis were performed using the VetExpert and ELISA and PCR rapid tests on the basis of the private veterinary laboratory of Bald Ltd. (Kyiv).The pathoanatomical section of dogs of all ages who died from parvovirus enteritis was performed by partial evisceration in a generally accepted sequence.The article presents the results of the study of pathoanatomical changes in dogs for parvovirus enteritis, which depended on the form of manifestation of the disease – intestinal, cardiac or mixed. The most pronounced pathological and anatomical changes were found in the gastrointestinal tract (intestinal form), mainly in the small intestine.In the dead animals, a complex of pathoanatomical signs that can be considered characteristic of parvovirus enteritis are found: hemorrhagic enteritis, serous-hemorrhagic inflammation of the mesenteric lymph nodes, signs of hepatitis, acute altered myocarditis, and in the lungs – hemorrhages and foci of atelectasis and enlargement of the spleen.
Вплив препаратів «Бровермектин-грануляттм» і «Авесстимтм» на рівень продуктів ПОЛ та активність ферментів АОС у гепатопанкреасі однорічок білого амура, уражених моногенеями
Authors: Stybel V.V. , Fedorovych O.V. , Tafiychuk R.I. 
Published: November 2017

The data on the influence of the anti-parasitic drug «Granulated brovermectin» and immunomodulator «Avesstim» on the level of lipid oxidation products (LOPs) and the activity of antioxidant system enzymes (AOS) in hepatopancreas of white currant annuals affected by various ectoparasites are given. The research was carried out at the garden and fish farms of the state enterprise «Rybgosp Galitsky» (now Rybgosp «Burshtynskyy» LLC) of the Rogatyn district of the Ivano-Frankivsk region and the farm enterprise «Dobrotvirskiy rybzavod» in the Kamianko-Buzsky district of the Lviv region, located on the warm waters of the Burshtynskaya cooling water reservoirs and Dobrotvirskaya TPS. For the study, white amur of the same age (with body weight 45–47 g) was selected, infected with Dactylogyrus lamellatus, Gyrodactylus ctenopharyngodonis and both parasites at the same time.It was found that white amur of the same age infected with Dactylogyrus lamellatus, Gyrodactylus ctenopharyngodonis and in mixed infestations, the level of TBK-products in hepatopancreas decreased by 25.7% after the treatment with «Granulated brovermectin»; 29.3 and 32.4%, diene conjugates – by 13.5; 21.7 and 18.9% at P < 0.001 in all cases. At the same time using the drugs «Granulated brovermectin» and «Avesstim», the reduction of the above-mentioned indicators in all cases was also reliable (P < 0.001) and was 68.0; 66.3 and 64.0 and 32.0; 35.4 and 36.2%. Concerning the content of lipid hydroperoxides in hepatopancreas of treated fish, its decrease was probable (P < 0,05) only for the combined application of the studied drugs.After use of the above-mentioned preparations the activity of enzymes of antioxidant protection in hepatopancreas of white amur of the same age increased. However, it should be noted that fish affected by dactylosurids, only the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the complex use of «Granulated brovermectin» and «Avesstim» increased significantly (P < 0.001). In the case of damage by hydroactylics, the activity of superoxide dismutase in hepatopancreas of fish that was administered only «Granulated brovermectin» probably (P < 0,05) increased by 9,4%, and the use of a complex of drugs – by 28,4% (P < 0,001). After mixed infections, as well as for monoinvasia, in the hepatopancreas of white amur of the same age after the use of drugs, an increase in the activity of all the enzymes studied, however, was only significant increase in the activity of SOD (P < 0,05; 0,001). Thus, the complex application of drugs for monogenous doses of fish had a more significant impact on the biological equilibrium in the system LOPs↔AOS.
Антиінтерферонова й антилактоферинова активність мікроорганізмів дистального відділу кишечника поросят за змішаної нематодозно-протозоозної інвазії
Authors: Peleno R.A. 
Published: November 2017

It was investigated the changes of anti infearonic and anti lactofearinic activity of microorganisms of distal part of the pigs intestine for mixed nonmatodozic – protozoozic invasion. Established that the organism invasion of the ascaris association, balantidium and eymeria does not cause changes of anti infearonic activity in microorganisms of genus Bacteroides spp., Prevotella spp., Propionibacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. and Fusobacterium spp., but increases it in Bifidobacterium spp. at 9.09% and Clostridium spp. at 22.22%, and decreases to 7.69% in Eubacterium spp. Compared with controls, infearonic activity of microorganisms selected from animals intestine from the 2nd group was higher in Citrobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp. and Streptococcus spp. accordingly in 4.6, 4.5, 2.9 and 2.3 times. In colilact. «-» gem «-» and Enterococcus spp. the growth of investigated rate was 1.2 to 1.4 times. Thanks to the result of investigation of anti infearonic activity of obligate anaerobes selected from the distal intestine of pigs infested by the association of intestinal parasites, was set its growth in microorganisms of genus Bifidobacterium spp. and Bacteroides spp. to 33.3%, Prevotella spp. – to 29.2%, Clostridium spр. – to 64.0%, Eubacterium spp. – to 26.7%, Propionibacterium spp. – to 84.6% and Peptostreptococcus spp. – to 15.4%, compared with microorganisms selected from the intestines of agility pigs. Among MAFAnM the most compared, to control, anti lactofearinic activity was grown in bacteria of genus Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. accordingly in 7.8, 3.7 and 3.5 times. Less expressed growth of the indicator was found in bacteria of genus Candidaspp. – into 1.5 times, E. coli.lact. «-» gem «+» and Enterobacter spp. – 1.4 times, Lactobacillusspp. and Enterococcus spp. – 1.3 times and Streptococcus spp. – 1.2 times.
Імунний статус телят, хворих на гастроентерит
Authors: Zinko H.O. 
Published: November 2017

It has been established that there is a violation of the immunocompetence of the macroorganism at diseases of the gastrointestinal tract which are accompanied by diarrhea. Since the immune system is one of the most important homeostatic systems in the body, these disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Thus, the purpose of the work was to study the indicators of natural resistance and immunological reactivity in calves with gastroenteritis. The research was carried out at the state enterprise «Milk Rinks»Pravda LTD in Brody district of Lviv region on 1.5–2-month-old-calves. 15 calves were selected for the study: 5 healthy ones and 10 patients with gastroenteritis. Blood for research was taken from the jugular vein before the early feeding.In the study of indicators of natural resistance, it was found that in calves with gastroenteritis, the content of circulating immune complexes in serum is authentically (P < 0.001) greater than 45.1%, bactericidal and lysozyme activity of serum is authentically (P < 0.01 ) lower at 15.1 and 26.3% and phagocytic activity of neutrophils – by 8.6% compared with healthy animals. In the study of lymphocytes and their subpopulations, it was found that the relative amount of T-total and T-active lymphocytes is authentically (P < 0.01) less by 8.6 and 11.7%, respectively, compared with healthy animals, the relative number of T-helper cells – less than 16.4% (P < 0.01). There is no probable difference in the relative number of T-suppressors between patients and healthy animals, but the immunoregulatory index in calves, patients with gastroenteritis, is 19.4% smaller, compared with healthy ones. The relative number of B-lymphocytes was authentically (P < 0.01) less in sick animals by 14.5% compared with clinically healthy ones, and the content of immunoglobulins in serum was lower by 16.3% (P < 0.01). Conclusion: in calves, patients with gastroenteritis, there are a number of violations of the immune system, characterized by a decrease in the parameters of cellular and humoral immunity, which require correction in the process of treatment.