bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Complications after Distraction Osteogenesis for Brachymetatarsia of the Fourth Metatarsal
Authors: Hamada Mariko , Sakamoto Yoshiaki , Nagasao Tomohisa , Kishi Kazuo 
Published: July 2016

Summary:
Congenital brachymetatarsia most commonly involves the fourth ray and may be combined with metacarpal shortening. Numerous reports have demonstrated the usefulness of gradual lengthening of the metatarsals. However, very few studies have investigated methods of recovering the lost regenerative bone. The patient was a 16-year-old girl with bilateral brachymetatarsia of the fourth metatarsal. After a long consolidation period after gradual lengthening of the fourth metatarsal by 20 mm, the patient had an hourglass-shaped regenerated bone. Therefore, we grafted a bioabsorbable hydroxyapatite and collagen composite. Six months after the surgery, well-regenerated bone could be recognized on radiographic evaluation and was resistant to refracture. Callus distraction is a method that aims to avoid donor site morbidity. The strength of artificial bone is often a problem. Bioabsorbable hydroxyapatite and collagen composite compensates for the lack of regenerated bone and distraction gap and prevents refracture, thus preventing complications after metatarsal distraction.
Associations Between Personality Traits and Adherence to Antidepressants Assessed Through Self-Report, Electronic Monitoring, and Pharmacy Dispensing Data
Authors: Wouters Hans , Amin Darya F.H. , Taxis Katja , Heerdink Eibert R. , Egberts Antoine C.G. , Gardarsdottir Helga 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Treatment with antidepressants is often compromised by substantial nonadherence. To understand nonadherence, specific medication-related behaviors and beliefs have been studied, but less is known about broader and temporally stable personality “traits.” Furthermore, adherence has often been assessed by a single method. Hence, we investigated associations between the Big Five personality traits and adherence assessed by self-report, electronic drug use monitoring, and dispensing data. Using the Big Five Inventory, we assessed the personality traits “openness,” “conscientiousness,” “extraversion,” “agreeableness,” and “neuroticism” of patients treated with antidepressants who were invited through community pharmacies. Self-reported adherence was assessed with the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (score >24), electronic monitoring with medication event monitoring system (MEMS) devices (therapy days missed ≤ 10% and < 4 consecutive days missed), and dispensing data (medication possession ratio ≥ 80%). One hundred four women and 33 men participated (mean age, 51; standard deviation, 14). Paroxetine was most frequently prescribed (N = 53, 38%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that of the personality traits, the third and fourth quartiles of “conscientiousness” were associated with better self-reported adherence (odds ratio, 3.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.34–9.86 and odds ratio, 2.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–8.08; P ≤ 0.05). No relationships were found between personality traits and adherence assessed through electronic drug use monitoring or dispensing data. We therefore conclude that adherence to antidepressant therapy seems to be largely unrelated to personality traits.
Depressive Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Prostate Cancer Survivors
Authors: Huang Chiung-Yu , Wang Ming-Jai , Lin Yu-Hua , Chen Chun-I 
Published: July 2016

Background:
Prostate cancer is a global health problem; its incidence is on the rise in Chinese and usually fraught with both physical and psychological symptomatology.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to explore the relationships among demographic and disease characteristics, resourcefulness, depressive symptoms, and health related quality of life (HRQOL).

Methods:
A descriptive, correlational design was used. A total of 200 individuals with prostate cancer were recruited. The participants completed a self-report regarding their depressive symptoms and HRQOL. Using a structural equation modeling approach, all relationships among the factors, mediators, depressive symptoms, and HRQOL were analyzed.

Results:
The more resourcefulness that participants perceived, the more likely they were to report better HRQOL. The best-fitted structural equation model included individual demographics and disease characteristics and resourcefulness as significant predictors of HRQOL. Moreover, this structural model explained 72%, 76%, and 57% of the variance in physical quality of life, mental quality of life, and depressive symptoms, respectively. In addition, resourcefulness had a positive mediating effect on increasing the physical and mental quality of life and decreasing the depressive symptoms for patients with prostate cancer.

Conclusions:
Resourcefulness helps patients with prostate cancer build a positive attitude and that it is crucial for enhancing the HRQOL of patients. By using the proper resourcefulness strategy, that is, either personal (self-help) or social (help-seeking), nursing professionals can substantially contribute to enhancing the HRQOL for patients with PC.

Implications for Practice:
Knowledge of risk factors for HRQOL would be useful for nursing professional in detecting health problems and treatment options.
Fears, Coping Styles, and Health Behaviors
Authors: Schütte Kathrin , Vocks Silja , Waldorf Manuel 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Research into correlates of illness anxiety disorder (formerly hypochondriasis) rarely applies comprehensive assessments of health behavior. Moreover, studies on phenomenological varieties of clinical health anxiety are scarce. We examined health behavior, fear, and acceptance of death and dying, and coping with a hypothetical bodily disease in patients with hypochondriasis, panic disorder, depression, and healthy controls (all groups n = 30) using self-rated questionnaires. ANOVA with Dunnett-T3 post hoc tests revealed no group differences in health behavior. The hypochondriasis and panic disorder groups showed more fear and less acceptance of death and dying than patients with depression and controls. Groups did not differ concerning coping strategies. Patients with hypochondriasis ruminated more when confronted with their most feared rather than another disease. Patients apparently overestimate the danger of a specific disease, but without underestimating their coping abilities. A therapeutic focus on fear of death and dying via cognitive interventions and exposure is recommended.
Altered hippocampal interneuron activity precedes ictal onset
Authors: Miri Mitra L. , Vinck Martin , Pant Rima , Cardin Jessica A. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryAlthough failure of GABAergic inhibition is a commonly hypothesized mechanism underlying seizure disorders, the series of events that precipitate a rapid shift from healthy to ictal activity remain unclear. Furthermore, the diversity of inhibitory interneuron populations poses a challenge for understanding local circuit interactions during seizure initiation. Using a combined optogenetic and electrophysiological approach, we examined the activity of two identified hippocampal interneuron classes during seizure induction in vivo. We identified cell type-specific differences in preictal firing patterns and input sensitivity of parvalbumin- and somatostatin-expressing interneurons. Surprisingly, the impact of both sources of inhibition remained intact throughout the preictal period and into the early ictal phase. Our findings suggest that the onset of ictal activity is not due to a failure of inhibition, but is instead associated with a decoupling of inhibitory cells from their normal relationship with the local hippocampal network.
Thermal comfort properties of bamboo tencel knitted fabrics
Authors: Karthikeyan Govindan , Nalankilli Govind , Shanmugasundaram O L , Prakash Chidambaram 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present the thermal comfort properties of single jersey knitted fabric structures made from bamboo, tencel and bamboo-tencel blended yarns.

Design/methodology/approach
– Bamboo, tencel fibre and blends of the two fibres were spun into yarns of identical linear density (30s Ne). Each of the blended yarns so produced was converted to single jersey knitted fabrics with loose, medium and tight structures.

Findings
– An increase in tencel fibre in the fabric had led to a reduction in fabric thickness and GSM. Air permeability and water-vapour permeability also increased with increase in tencel fibre content. The anticipated increase in air permeability and relative water vapour permeability with increase in stitch length was observed. The thermal conductivity of the fabrics was generally found to increase with increase in the proportion of bamboo.

Research limitations/implications
– It is clear from the foregoing that, although a considerable amount of work has been done on bamboo blends and their properties, still there are many gaps existing in the literature, in particular, on thermal comfort, moisture management and spreading characteristics. Thus the manuscript addresses these issues and provides valuable information on the comfort characteristics of the blended fabrics for the first time. In the evolution of this manuscript, it became apparent that a considerable amount of work was needed to fill up the gaps existing in the literature and hence this work which deals with an investigation of the blend yarn properties and comfort properties of knitted fabrics was taken up.

Originality/value
– This research work is focused on the thermal comfort parameters of knitted fabrics made from 100 per cent tencel yarn, 100 per cent bamboo yarn and tencel/bamboo blended yarns of different blend ratios.
Applying graph sampling methods on student model initialization in intelligent tutoring systems
Authors: Vištica Marija , Grubišic Ani , Žitko Branko 
Published: July 2016

Purpose– In order to initialize a student model in intelligent tutoring systems, some form of initial knowledge test should be given to a student. Since the authors cannot include all domain knowledge in that initial test, a domain knowledge subset should be selected. The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approach– In order to generate a knowledge sample that represents truly a certain domain knowledge, the authors can use sampling algorithms. In this paper, the authors present five sampling algorithms (Random Walk, Metropolis-Hastings Random Walk, Forest Fire, Snowball and Represent algorithm) and investigate which structural properties of the domain knowledge sample are preserved after sampling process is conducted.Findings– The samples that the authors got using these algorithms are compared and the authors have compared their cumulative node degree distributions, clustering coefficients and the length of the shortest paths in a sampled graph in order to find the best one.Originality/value– This approach is original as the authors could not find any similar work that uses graph sampling methods for student modeling.
Supporting students to become autonomous learners: the role of web-based learning
Authors: Petra Siti Fatimah , Jaidin Jainatul Halida , Perera JSH Quintus , Linn Marcia 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore how web-based science curriculum materials designed to develop autonomous learners can succeed in Brunei. In this instruction, designed to prepare students to independently explore new topics, students and teachers take new roles. Students collaborate with a peer to engage in inquiry and teachers monitor progress and guide students rather than leading the class.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors studied two Web-based Inquiry Science Environment (WISE) units (photosynthesis and cellular respiration) developed using the knowledge integration framework. The framework promotes autonomous learning by building on the diverse ideas that students bring to science lessons and encouraging them to distinguish among their own ideas and those they encounter when using scientific visualizations. In a study on “How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience and School”, Bransford et al. (1999) suggest that the students’ preconceptions of how the world works must be engaged, as failing to do so may hinder them from grasping new concepts and information that are taught. Two intact classes of students from two secondary schools in Brunei each studied one of the WISE units. Observations revealed that students could work in pairs to jointly engage in inquiry with encouragement from teachers. Embedded assessments and interviews were analyzed to show how students linked observable events and scientific ideas when explaining the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy in photosynthesis.

Findings
– Significant gains in knowledge integration show that Brunei students who collaboratively study WISE inquiry units can autonomously succeed. Specifically, students using WISE were able to construct complex ideas about photosynthesis and cellular respiration by linking observable events and scientific ideas while working autonomously with infrequent teacher monitoring.

Originality/value
– The paper provides invaluable insights into ways in which web-based learning supports students to become autonomous learners.
Photocurrents obtained from a triple planar probe sensor for in situ extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation measurements on low Earth orbiting CubeSats
Authors: Ayeleso Ayokunle Oluwaseun , van Zyl Robert R. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
In the Earth’s upper atmosphere, damage to satellite electronics is caused by exposure to extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation. One particular region where this type of radiation occurs is the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly region. As a result, there is a need to design and develop a sensor which could be used to investigate the flux and energy levels of radiation in this region. To do so, the aim of this study is to characterise the sensor and its electric response to typical EUV radiation levels based on the photoelectric effect principle.

Design/methodology/approach
For this purpose, a copper plate planar sensor prototype with dimensions that fit on the sides of a one-unit (1U) CubeSat was constructed. The sensor prototype was placed in a vacuum chamber and was subjected to continuous radiation from a vacuum ultraviolet deuterium light source at test facilities available in the Western Cape region (South Africa). Subsequently, the terminal voltage of the sensor was measured and compared with theory.

Findings
The measured time-averaged terminal voltages indicate the generation of photocurrents of the order of 1 μA, which is consistent with theory.

Originality/value
Conclusively, these results validate the measurement approach and operation of the sensor, which can be used to design a 1U CubeSat sensor that measures EUV radiation in low Earth orbit.
Comparison of flow behaviour in pressurized gating systems using water models and numerical simulation
Authors: Jaiganesh V. , Prakasan K. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this work is to visualize the flow behaviour in critical sections of a pressurized gating system.

Design/methodology/approach
The investigation was carried out using water models of gating system that were designed, invoking the principles of similitude. Water was used as the filling medium, and the manner of flow through various sections of the gating system and the cavity was recorded with a high-speed camera capable of capturing images up to 10,000 frames per second. This was followed by an analysis of the results obtained from each phase. Finally, computer simulations of flow were carried out using commercial software. The manner of filling as observed during experiments and that during simulation were compared so as to draw some useful conclusions on the utility of flow visualization using water models and the capability of software to predict the filling pattern during casting process. It was understood that water models are powerful aids for understanding the intricacies of flow through critical sections of the gating systems.

Findings
It was observed that water models are a reliable indicator of the mould-filling process. Further, substantial differences in the filling pattern were observed between water model experiments and filling simulation using commercial software.

Research limitations/implications
The findings are limited to horizontal plate-type castings. Also, the influence of surface roughness in the flow through the runner is not considered.

Originality/value
This work facilitates understanding of the importance of flow visualization on the quality and reliability of castings.
Image compression system for a 3U CubeSat
Authors: Nganpet Nzeugaing Gutembert , Biermann Elmarie 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
Research and application on the design, implementation and testing of an image compression system for a 3U CubeSat.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is an intensive study on image compression technique, proposed design and approach on appropriate hardware for image compression on-board the CubeSats.

Findings
The paper reveals a method on improving image compression ration while maintaining the image quality unchanged. It also discusses about an appropriate hardware (world smallest super computer) for image compression on-board the CubeSats.

Originality/value
The study provides insight into image compression algorithm.
The impact of L2 German on component processes of reading
Authors: Schröter Pauline , Schroeder Sascha 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundIn Germany, there is a substantial gap in reading literacy between monolingual children and their L2‐speaking peers. Nevertheless, it is still unclear where these performance differences are rooted.MethodsWe investigated children of grades 5, 6 and 7 with comparable socio‐economic status, who completed a battery of tests assessing their linguistic and executive functioning skills as well as their reading performance on the letter, word, sentence and text level.ResultsWhereas L1 speakers showed better linguistic skills, there was no difference between groups in executive functioning. After controlling for individual differences on each level of reading, groups only differed in text comprehension. This effect, however, disappeared when participants' linguistic skills were additionally controlled.ConclusionsIn sum, results show that reading problems in L2 speakers cannot be attributed to deficits on specific component processes of reading, but to a lack of linguistic skills, which negatively affects reading comprehension.
Neurostimulation techniques in the treatment of nicotine dependence: A review
Authors: Rachid Fady 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveNicotine dependence accounts for significant mortality, morbidity, and socio‐economic burdens. It remains a significant public health concern since it is among the leading causes of mortality worldwide and of preventable deaths in developed countries. Despite the availability of approved medications to treat nicotine dependence, along with cognitive behavioral therapy, only 6% of the total number of smokers who report wanting to quit each year are successful in doing so for more than a month mostly with poor abstinence rates. Urgent therapeutic alternatives are therefore needed such as neurostimulation techniques. The purpose of this review is to describe studies that have evaluated the safety and efficacy of these techniques for the treatment of nicotine dependence.MethodsThe electronic literature on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, theta‐burst stimulation, deep transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, magnetic seizure therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, cranial electro‐stimulation, and deep brain stimulation in the treatment of nicotine addiction were reviewed.ResultsMost of these studies found that some of these neurostimulation techniques are safe and potentially effective in the reduction of craving to nicotine as well as in the reduction of cigarette consumption.Conclusion and Scientific SignificanceGiven the promising results of some of the studies particularly with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, theta‐burst stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation and, possibly, deep transcranial magnetic stimulation, future controlled studies with larger samples, and optimal stimulus parameters should be designed to confirm these findings. (Am J Addict 2016;25:436–451)
Preliminary assessment of pre‐morbid DNA methylation in individuals at high genetic risk of mood disorders
Authors: Walker Rosie May , Sussmann Jessika Elizabeth , Whalley Heather Clare , Ryan Niamh Margaret , Porteous David John , McIntosh Andrew Mark , Evans Kathryn Louise 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesAccumulating evidence implicates altered DNA methylation in psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). It is not clear, however, whether these changes are causative or result from illness progression or treatment. To disentangle these possibilities we profiled genome‐wide DNA methylation in well, unrelated individuals at high familial risk of mood disorder. DNA methylation was compared between individuals who subsequently developed BD or MDD [ill later (IL)] and those who remained well [well later (WL)].MethodsDNA methylation profiles were obtained from whole‐blood samples from 22 IL and 23 WL individuals using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Differential methylation was assessed on a single‐locus and regional basis. Pathway analysis was performed to assess enrichment for particular biological processes amongst nominally significantly differentially methylated loci.ResultsAlthough no locus withstood correction for multiple testing, uncorrected P‐values provided suggestive evidence for altered methylation at sites within genes previously implicated in neuropsychiatric conditions, such as Transcription Factor 4 (TCF4) and Interleukin 1 Receptor Accessory Protein‐Like 1 ([IL1RAPL1]; P≤3.11×10−5). Pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment for several neurologically relevant pathways and functions, including Nervous System Development and Function and Behavior; these findings withstood multiple testing correction (q≤0.05). Analysis of differentially methylated regions identified several within the major histocompatibility complex (P≤.000 479), a region previously implicated in schizophrenia and BD.ConclusionsOur data provide provisional evidence for the involvement of altered whole‐blood DNA methylation in neurologically relevant genes in the aetiology of mood disorders. These findings are convergent with the findings of genome‐wide association studies.
Labour‐market institutions and their impact on trade partners: A quantitative analysis
Authors: Felbermayr Gabriel J. , Larch Mario , Lechthaler Wolfgang 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRecent theoretical literature studies how labour market reforms in one country can affect labour market outcomes in other countries, thereby rationalizing widely held policy beliefs and empirical evidence. But what is the quantitative relevance of such spillover effects? This paper combines two recent workhorse models: the canonical search‐and‐matching framework and the heterogeneous firms international trade model. Qualitatively, the framework confirms that labour market reforms in one country benefit its trading partners, replicating the stylized facts. However, when wages are bargained flexibly, the model quantitatively underestimates the correlation of structural unemployment rates across countries. Introducing some degree of real wage rigidity remedies this problem.