bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Óleos essenciais de Ocimum basilicum e Cymbopogon flexuosus na sedação, anestesia e recuperação de tambacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus macho x Colossoma macropomum fêmea)
Authors: LIMMA-NETTO José Dantas , SENA Artur Cedraz , COPATTI Carlos Eduardo 
Published: October 2016

Objetivou-se verificar os óleos essenciais de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum) (OEOB) e capim limão (Cymbopogon flexuosus) (OECF) para a sedação, anestesia e recuperação de juvenis de tambacu. Foram utilizados oito exemplares para cada concentração: 0, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 e 300 uL L-1. Os tempos de sedação foram inferiores a 30 segundos em todas as concentrações, e 10 ou 25 uL L-1 são recomendados para a sedação por ambos os óleos essenciais por serem as doses mais econômicas. Os melhores tempos de anestesia e recuperação anestésica ocorreram na concentração de 300 uL L-1: 113,90 e 152,12 e 194,88 e 116,25 segundos para os OEOB e OECF, respectivamente. Dessa forma, é recomendado o uso de OEOB e OECF para sedação e anestesia de tambacu nas concentrações de 10-25 e 300 ÂµL L-1, respectivamente.
Nonlinear waves in a simple model of high-grade glioma
Authors: Álvarez-Arenas Arturo , Belmonte-Beitia Juan , Calvo Gabriel F. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
We present an analysis of a mathematical model describing the key features of the most frequent and aggressive type of primary brain tumor: glioblastoma. The model captures the salient physiopathological characteristics of this type of tumor: invasion of the normal brain tissue, cell proliferation and the formation of a necrotic core. Our study, based on phase space analysis, geometric perturbation theory, exact solutions and numerical simulations, proves the existence of bright solitary waves in the tumor coupled with kink and anti-kink fronts for the normal tissue and the necrotic core. Finally, we study the linear stability of the solutions to calculate the time of tumor recurrence.
Applied mathematics and nonlinear sciences in the war on cancer
Authors: Pérez-García Víctor M. , Fitzpatrick Susan , Pérez-Romasanta Luis A. , Pesic Milica , Schucht Philippe , Arana Estanislao , Sánchez-Gómez Pilar 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Applied mathematics and nonlinear sciences have an enormous potential for application in cancer. Mathematical models can be used to raise novel hypotheses to test, develop optimized treatment schedules and personalize therapies. However. this potential is yet to be proven in real-world applications to specific cancer types. In this paper we discuss how we think mathematical knowledge may be better used to improve cancer patients’ outcome.
English Spread as 'Structural Violence'
Authors: Birkby Stuart J. 
Published: October 2016

<p align="center">The author proposes new terminology to describe the spread and domination of English-language use throughout the late 20<sup>th</sup> and early 21<sup>st</sup> century. Through a review of the pertinent literature, he suggests that the term, “linguistic imperialism,” first coined by Phillipson in 1992, is inaccurate in that it suggests the domination of English, and the subsequent extinction of other languages, is directed by some agent with shadowy ulterior motives. Instead, the term “structural violence,” taken from the writings of John Galtung, the founder of the field of peace and conflict studies, is more appropriate. This terminology suggests that English dominance is an imposition because of the role it has assumed as a global <em>lingua franca </em>the related societal structures that have developed to adapt to its worldwide spread and use.</p>
TiO2: ZnO nanocomposites in treatment of dental plaques
Authors: Thomas* Anitha , Raj M. Shailaja , Venkataramana Jagirdar 
Published: October 2016

Dental caries is a major concern effecting most of the individuals today. Statistics show that 69% of adults aged 35 to 44 years have lost permanent tooth due to accident, gum disease failed root canal or tooth decay. Dental plaque is a general term for the diverse microbial community found on tooth surface, embedded in matrix of polymers of bacteria. Nanoparticles considered being of a size not greater than 100 nm have unique properties to combat infection. Nanocomposite is a matrix to which nanoparticles have been added to improve a particular property of the material. The present study deals with the antimicrobial studies of nanocomposite preparations of Titanium dioxide and Zinc oxide. Titanium dioxide and Zinc oxide nanocomposites are found to be effective in inhibiting the growth of bacteria. The present work is to prepare different proportions of nanocomposites of these oxides and find out if the effectivity is more when compared to using the nanoparticle alone. Some nanocomposite materials have been shown to be 1000 times tougher than the bulk component materials. The study carried out shows that the antimicrobial activity of nanocomposites is more effective than the nanoparticle alone providing best alternative to dental implant surgery.
Whiplash Continues Its Challenge
Authors: Jull Gwendolen 
Published: October 2016

There have been many advances in the management of neck pain disorders, but a personal frustration as a clinician and researcher in the field is that the incidence of full recovery following a whiplash injury as a result of a motor vehicle crash has not increased and, subsequently, the rate of transition to chronic neck pain has not lessened. The commentaries in this special issue reflect the multifaceted nature of whiplash-associated disorders and the wide-ranging research in the field. While management of whiplash, especially the challenge of lessening the rate of transition to chronicity, has yet to be achieved, the picture is becoming clearer. This should give great confidence and some hope to individuals with whiplash-associated disorders who have long-term pain and functional disability that after the next decade of research and clinical development, the outcomes following whiplash are likely to be vastly improved. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):815–817. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.0112
Preventable Injuries/Fatalities Due to Distracted Driving: A Call for a Coordinated Action
Authors: Bowman Karen , Robertson Robyn D. 
Published: October 2016

In the past decade, distracted driving has emerged as one of the most prominent global road safety concerns. The singular and combined efforts of many organizations, such as Drop It And Drive (DIAD) and the Traffic Injury Research Foundation (TIRF), have identified the need for partnerships, shared information, and access to interpretable research findings to guide decision making and to identify effective strategies to reduce, if not eliminate, preventable injuries/fatalities from distracted driving, including whiplash-associated disorders. This editorial describes activities in 5 target areas identified in our environmental scan in Canada: (1) provincial/territorial government strategies, (2) enforcement, (3) data collection and measurement, (4) awareness campaigns, and (5) legislation. We will also reinforce the potential benefits of seeking and establishing meaningful interdisciplinary partnerships to reduce distracted driving across the globe. Finally, this editorial provides an example of how these interdisciplinary partnerships can help reduce preventable, life-altering injuries/deaths caused by distracted driving. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):818–821. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.0113
Assessment and Management of Whiplash From the Emergency and Acute Care Setting: Care, Questions, and Future Global Research Needs
Authors: Courtney D. Mark 
Published: October 2016

The primary goal of this editorial is to discuss the care patients typically receive in the immediate post-motor vehicle collision setting and the questions patients typically ask with respect to their symptoms and prognosis. Commentary and guidance are provided from the perspective of an acute care physician on what we should be able to tell patients and providers going forward. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):822–825. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.0114
Unstable Os Odontoideum
Authors: Riebel Mark , Westrick Richard , Goss Donald 
Published: October 2016

A 24-year-old male Marine presented to a direct-access physical therapy clinic with a chief complaint of bilateral hand paresthesia secondary to a parachuting accident when his neck was forced into lateral flexion. Due to the positive neurologic findings and history of trauma, the physical therapist ordered cervical spine imaging. The odontoid was not adequately visualized on radiographs, but computed tomography revealed an os odontoideum. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):930. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.0417
Whiplash-Associated Disorders: Occupant Kinematics and Neck Morphology
Authors: Stemper Brian D. , Corner Brian D. 
Published: October 2016

Synopsis Despite considerable research effort, the incidence of whiplash injury during automotive collisions has continued to rise. This is due, at least in part, to a limited recognition of biomechanical injury mechanisms and factors influencing injury risk. While automotive safety modifications reduced injury risk in some cases, impact on the overall whiplash incidence was limited. This is likely attributable to significant occupant-related differences that have a profound impact on injury risk. Many of those differences were outlined in research studies, and examples include female sex and the associated sex-based anthropometrical variation that can affect seating orientation; cervical spinal posture; and anatomical attributes, including cervical column slenderness and neck muscle morphometry. This review highlights these anatomical attributes and explains, based on biomechanical concepts, the method by which these attributes may alter cervical spine response during automotive rear impacts to affect injury risk. The biomechanical explanations are based on existing studies that have incorporated postmortem human subjects, computational models, and anthropomorphic test devices (ie, crash test dummies), as well as medical imaging in human volunteers. These biomechanical explanations may provide improved understanding of injury risk. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):834–844. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6846
Stereotactic robot-assisted MRI-guided laser thermal ablation of radiation necrosis in the posterior cranial fossa: technical note
Authors: Chan Alvin Y. , Tran Diem Kieu T. , Gill Amandip S. , Hsu Frank P. K. , Vadera Sumeet 
Published: October 2016

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat a variety of intracranial lesions. Utilization of robotic assistance with stereotactic procedures has gained attention due to potential for advantages over conventional techniques. The authors report the first case in which robot-assisted MRI-guided LITT was used to treat radiation necrosis in the posterior fossa, specifically within the cerebellar peduncle. The use of a stereotactic robot allowed the surgeon to perform LITT using a trajectory that would be extremely difficult with conventional arc-based techniques.
A 60-year-old man presented with facial weakness and brainstem symptoms consistent with radiation necrosis. He had a history of anaplastic astrocytoma that was treated with CyberKnife radiosurgery 1 year prior to presentation, and he did well for 11 months until his symptoms recurred. The location and form of the lesion precluded excision but made the patient a suitable candidate for LITT. The location and configuration of the lesion required a trajectory for LITT that was too low for arc-based stereotactic navigation, and thus the ROSA robot (Medtech) was used. Using preoperative MRI acquisitions, the lesion in the posterior fossa was targeted. Bone fiducials were used to improve accuracy in registration, and the authors obtained an intraoperative CT image that was then fused with the MR image by the ROSA robot. They placed the laser applicator and then ablated the lesion under real-time MR thermometry. There were no complications, and the patient tolerated the procedure well. Postoperative 2-month MRI showed complete resolution of the lesion, and the patient had some improvement in symptoms.
Thermal injury to corticospinal tracts and postoperative motor deficits after laser interstitial thermal therapy
Authors: Sharma Mayur , Habboub Ghaith , Behbahani Mandana , Silva Danilo , Barnett Gene H. , Mohammadi Alireza M. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) has been increasingly used to treat deep-seated tumors. Despite its being minimally invasive, there is a risk of LITT damaging adjacent critical structures, including corticospinal tracts (CSTs). In this study, the authors investigated the predictive value of overlap between the hyperthermic field and CSTs in determining postoperative motor deficit (PMDs).

METHODS
More than 140 patients underwent an LITT procedure in our institution between April 2011 and June 2015. Because of the tumor's proximity to critical structures, 80 of them underwent preoperative diffusion tensor imaging and were included in this study. Extent of the hyperthermic field was delineated by the software as thermal-damage-threshold (TDT) lines (yellow [43°C for 2 minutes], blue [43°C for 10 minutes], and white [43°C for 60 minutes]). The maximum volume and the surface area of overlaps between motor fibers and the TDT lines were calculated and compared with the PMDs.

RESULTS
High-grade glioma (n = 46) was the most common indication for LITT. Postoperative motor deficits (partial or complete) were seen in 14 patients (11 with permanent and 3 with temporary PMDs). The median overlap volumes between CSTs with yellow, blue, and white TDT lines in patients with any PMD (temporary or permanent) were 1.15, 0.68, and 0.41 cm3, respectively. The overlap volumes and surface areas revealed significant differences in those with PMDs and those with no deficits (p = 0.0019 and 0.003, 0.012 and 0.0012, and 0.001 and 0.005 for the yellow, blue, and white TDT lines, respectively). The receiver operating characteristic was used to select the optimal cutoff point of the overlapped volumes and areas. Cutoff points for overlap volumes and areas based on optimal sensitivity (92%–100%) and specificity (80%–90%) were 0.103, 0.068, and 0.046 cm3 and 0.15, 0.07, and 0.11 mm2 for the yellow, blue, and white TDT lines, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Even a minimal overlap between the TDT lines and CSTs can cause a PMD after LITT. Precise planning and avoidance of critical structures and important white matter fibers should be considered when treating deep-seated tumors.
Magnetic resonance imaging–guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for previously treated hypothalamic hamartomas
Authors: Burrows Anthony M. , Marsh W. Richard , Worrell Gregory , Woodrum David A. , Pollock Bruce E. , Gorny Krzysztof R. , Felmlee Joel P. , Watson Robert E. , Kaufmann Timothy J. , Goerss Steven , Van Gompel Jamie J. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are associated with gelastic seizures and the development of medically refractory epilepsy. Magnetic resonance imaging–guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRg-LITT) is a minimally invasive ablative treatment that may have applicability for these deep-seated lesions. Here, the authors describe 3 patients with refractory HHs who they treated with MRg-LITT.

METHODS
An institutional review board–approved prospective database of patients undergoing Visualase MRg-LITT was retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and historical medical data, including seizure and medication histories, previous surgeries, procedural details, and surgical complications, along with radiological interpretation of the HHs, were recorded. The primary outcome was seizure freedom, and secondary outcomes included medication reduction, seizure frequency, operative morbidity, and clinical outcome at the latest follow-up.

RESULTS
All 3 patients in the multi-institutional database had developed gelastic seizures related to HH at the ages of 7, 7, and 9 years. They presented for further treatment at 25, 28, and 48 years of age, after previous treatments with stereotactic radiosurgery in all cases and partial hamartoma resection in one case. One ablation was complicated by a small tract hemorrhage, which was stable on postoperative imaging. One patient developed hyponatremia and experienced weight gain, which were respectively managed with fluid restriction and counseling. At the most recent follow-up at a mean of 21 months (range 1–32 months), one patient was seizure free while another had meaningful seizure reduction. Medication was reduced in one case.

CONCLUSIONS
Adults with gelastic seizures despite previous treatments can undergo MRg-LITT with reasonable safety and efficacy. This novel therapy may provide a minimally invasive alternative for primary and recurrent HH as the technique is refined.
Intracerebral laser interstitial thermal therapy followed by tumor resection to minimize cerebral edema
Authors: Pisipati Sindhura , Smith Kyle A. , Shah Kushal , Ebersole Koji , Chamoun Roukoz B. , Camarata Paul J. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is used in numerous neurosurgical applications including lesions that are difficult to resect. Its rising popularity can be attributed to its minimally invasive approach, improved accuracy with real-time MRI guidance and thermography, and enhanced control of the laser. One of its drawbacks is the possible development of significant edema, which contributes to extended hospital stays and often necessitates hyperosmolar or steroid therapy. Here, the authors discuss the use of minimally invasive craniotomy to resect tissue ablated with LITT in attempt to minimize cerebral edema.

METHODS
Five patients with glioblastoma multiforme prospectively underwent LITT followed by resection. The LITT was performed with the aid of an MR-compatible skull-mounted frame in the MRI suite. Ablated tumor was then resected via small craniotomy by using the NICO Myriad system or cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator. Postoperative management involved dexamethasone administration slowly tapered over several weeks.

RESULTS
The use of resection following LITT, as compared with open resection or LITT alone, did not extend the hospital stay except in 1 patient who required 3-day inpatient management of edema with a trapped ventricle. No new neurological deficits were encountered, although 1 patient developed seizures postoperatively. No increase in infection rates was identified.

CONCLUSIONS
Resection of ablated tumor is a viable option to reduce the incidence of neurological deficits due to edema following LITT. This approach appears to mitigate cerebral edema by increasing available volume for mass effect and reducing the tissue burden that may promote an inflammatory response.
Stereotactic laser ablation for hypothalamic and deep intraventricular lesions
Authors: Buckley Robert T. , Wang Anthony C. , Miller John W. , Novotny Edward J. , Ojemann Jeffrey G. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
Laser ablation is a novel, minimally invasive procedure that utilizes MRI-guided thermal energy to treat epileptogenic and other brain lesions. In addition to treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, laser ablation is increasingly being used to target deep or inoperable lesions, including hypothalamic hamartoma (HH), subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA), and exophytic intrinsic hypothalamic/third ventricular tumors. The authors reviewed their early institutional experience with these patients to characterize clinical outcomes in patients undergoing this procedure.

METHODS
A retrospective cohort (n = 12) of patients undergoing laser ablation at a single institution was identified, and clinical and radiographic records were reviewed.

RESULTS
Laser ablation was successfully performed in all patients. No permanent neurological or endocrine complications occurred; 2 (17%) patients developed acute obstructive hydrocephalus or shunt malfunction following treatment. Laser ablation of HH resulted in seizure freedom (Engel Class I) in 67%, with the remaining patients having a clinically significant reduction in seizure frequency of greater than 90% compared with preoperative baseline (Engel Class IIB). Treatment of SEGAs resulted in durable clinical and radiographic tumor control in 2 of 3 cases, with one patient receiving adjuvant everolimus and the other receiving no additional therapy. Palliative ablation of hypothalamic/third ventricular tumors resulted in partial tumor control in 1 of 3 patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Early experience suggests that laser ablation is a generally safe, durable, and effective treatment for patients harboring HHs. It also appears effective for local control of SEGAs, especially in combination therapy with everolimus. Its use as a palliative treatment for intrinsic hypothalamic/deep intraventricular tumors was less successful and associated with a higher risk of serious complications. Additional experience and long-term follow-up will be beneficial in further characterizing the effectiveness and risk profile of laser ablation in treating these lesions in comparison with conventional resective surgery or stereotactic radiosurgery.
Percutaneous surgery for treatment of epidural spinal cord compression and spinal instability: technical note
Authors: Tatsui Claudio E. , Belsuzarri Telmo A. B. , Oro Marilou , Rhines Laurence D. , Li Jing , Ghia Amol J. , Amini Behrang , Espinoza Heron , Brown Paul D. , Rao Ganesh 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
An emerging paradigm for treating patients with epidural spinal cord compression (ESCC) caused by metastatic tumors is surgical decompression and stabilization, followed by stereotactic radiosurgery. In the setting of rapid progressive disease, interruption or delay in return to systemic treatment can lead to a negative impact in overall survival. To overcome this limitation, the authors introduce the use of spinal laser interstitial thermotherapy (sLITT) in association with percutaneous spinal stabilization to facilitate a rapid return to oncological treatment.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of patients with ESCC and spinal instability who were considered to be poor surgical candidates and instead were treated with sLITT and percutaneous spinal stabilization. Demographic data, Spine Instability Neoplastic Scale score, degree of epidural compression before and after the procedure, length of hospital stay, and time to return to oncological treatment were analyzed.

RESULTS
Eight patients were treated with thermal ablation and percutaneous spinal stabilization. The primary tumors included melanoma (n = 3), lung (n = 3), thyroid (n = 1), and renal cell carcinoma (n = 1). The median Karnofsky Performance Scale score before and after the procedure was 60, and the median hospital stay was 5 days (range 3–18 days). The median Spine Instability Neoplastic Scale score was 13 (range 12–16). The mean modified postoperative ESCC score (2.75 ± 0.37) was significantly lower than the preoperative score (4.5 ± 0.27) (Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.0044). The median time to return to oncological treatment was 5 days (range 3–10 days).

CONCLUSIONS
The authors present the first cohort of sLITT associated with a percutaneous spinal stabilization for the treatment of ESCC and spinal instability. This minimally invasive technique can allow a faster recovery without prejudice of adjuvant systemic treatment, with adequate local control and spinal stabilization.