bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Improved Marine Predators Algorithm for Shipment Status Time Estimation and Regression Problems
Authors: Özdemir Resul , Tasyurek Murat , Aslantas Veysel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In the realm of machine learning, the optimization of hyperparameters is a pivotal step in creating intelligent models of high efficacy. Configuration of hyperparameters in a smart way contributes to enhanced model generalization and resilience, mitigating the risks associated with overfitting or underfitting. Optimization algorithms play a decisive role in determining the ideal hyperparameters for machine learning algorithms. This study introduces a novel hyperparameter optimization approach based on the Marine Predators Algorithm designed for regression problems. The performance of the proposed algorithm is benchmarked against a spectrum of popular and classical optimization algorithms from the literature. Furthermore, hyperparameter optimization is examined for three widely employed machine learning algorithms which are Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) and Support Vector Regression (SVR). Regression models are constructed using a actual world dataset for prediction of shipment status time, and the proposed algorithm is further evaluated with public three datasets suitable for regression analysis. A new hyperparameter decoding approach is proposed to turn hyperparameter optimization into a numerical optimization problem regardless of parameter type. Consequently, the experimental results indicate that the proposed optimization algorithm exhibited superior performance than the compared optimizers in hyperparameter optimization for both machine learning algorithms across all regression datasets.
High Throughput VLSI Design for Real-Time JPEG 2000 Embedded Block Coding
Authors: Jin Xin , Jing Peng , Wang Lin , Dai Yuzhou , He Siyuan , Ma Zhao , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The Embedded Block Coding with Optimal Truncation (EBCOT) Tier-1 process is a critical component of the JPEG2000 framework, significantly influencing throughput in hardware encoders. This paper presents an optimized hardware architecture for a high-performance EBCOT Tier-1 encoder, based on parallel code-block processing. The design features simultaneous bit-plane coding via three parallel channels, along with concurrent arithmetic coding enabled by six context-generating units. To overcome the throughput bottleneck of conventional designs, we introduce a novel multiplexing strategy for the MQ coder. Our encoder achieves a throughput of 2782 Mb/s, a 7.3 times improvement over existing implementations, making it well-suited for high-speed JPEG2000 applications. The application of the proposed architecture achieves 1.05 times its throughput rate in the case of FPGA operating at frequencies lower than ASIC. When processing 512 $\times$ 512 size grayscale map, the processing speed can reach more than 160 FPS, which can well meet the real-time requirements of edge device applications.
A Lightweight Transformation Method for Protecting the Privacy of Image Training in Classification.
Authors: Liu Jiahao , Wei Ren , Cai Yifei , Zhang Xianchao , Zhu Tianqing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

As a rapidly growing research field over the past decade, deep learning technology relies on large amounts of data to achieve better performance. However, privacy concerns arise due to the potential leakage of sensitive information in training data. Recent studies shown that deep learning models are susceptible to various privacy attacks, leading to the exposure of their training data. Such data leakage during model training and usage raises privacy concerns for data providers. While several methods, such as homomorphic encryption and knowledge distillation, can be used to protect training datasets, but they always require significant computational power and time. Given that most data providers lack access to powerful computational resources and ample time, we propose a lightweight and effective transformation-based method in this paper to protect training data privacy. Our experimental results show that deep learning models trained on images processed by the block mutation scrambling algorithm can still achieve acceptable accuracy. Additionally, we explored the reasons for the feasibility of this method and conducted a security and privacy analysis of the proposed approach, demonstrating that attackers cannot recover the images from the transformed training set or obtain usable image information.
Improved Therapeutic Efficacy: Liposome-Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Delivering Thymoquinone to MCF-7 Cells
Authors: Arvejeh Pooria M. , Chermahini Fatemeh A. , Soltani Amin , Lorigooini Zahra , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud , Mobini Gholam Reza , Khosravian Pegah 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Breast cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with thymoquinone
showing promise as a therapeutic agent, but hindered by poor solubility.

Objective:
This study aimed to enhance TQ delivery to MCF-7 breast cancer cells using mesitylene-
mesoporous silica nanoparticles coated with liposomes, designed for controlled drug release.

Methods:
Nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel method and coated with phosphatidylserine-
cholesterol liposomes. Different nanocharacterization techniques and in vitro assays
were employed to assess the drug release kinetics, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis.

Results:
The nanoparticles exhibited favorable properties, including a large pore size of 3.6 nm, a
surface area of 248.96 m2/g, and a hydrodynamic size of 171.571 ± 8.342 nm with a polydispersity
index of 0.182 ± 0.017, indicating uniformity and stability. The successful lipid bilayer coating
was confirmed by a zeta potential shift from +6.25 mV to -5.65 mV. The coated nanoparticles demonstrated
a slow and sustained drug release profile, with cellular uptake of FITC-formulated
nanoparticles being approximately 5-fold higher than free FITC (P < 0.0001). Cytotoxicity assays
revealed a significant reduction in cell viability (P < 0.0001), reaching an IC50 value of 25 μM at
48 hours. Apoptosis rates were significantly higher in cells treated with the formulated TQ compared
to the free drug and control at both 24 and 48 hours (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
This nanoformulation significantly enhanced TQ delivery, offering a promising strategy
for targeted breast cancer therapy. Further preclinical studies are recommended to advance
this approach in cancer treatment.
BBBper: A Machine Learning-based Online Tool for Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Permeability Prediction
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Saini Vandana , Gupta Dinesh , Chawla Pooja A. , Kumar Ajit 
Published: October 2024

Aims:
Neuronal disorders have affected more than 15% of the world's population, signifying
the importance of continued design and development of drugs that can cross the Blood-Brain
Barrier (BBB).

Background:
BBB limits the permeability of external compounds by 98% to maintain and regulate
brain homeostasis. Hence, BBB permeability prediction is vital to predict the activity of a drug-like
substance.

Objective:
Here, we report about developing BBBper (Blood-Brain Barrier permeability prediction)
using machine learning tool.

Method:
A supervised machine learning-based online tool, based on physicochemical parameters to
predict the BBB permeability of given chemical compounds was developed. The user-end webpage
was developed in HTML and linked with back-end server by a python script to run user queries and
results.

result:
BBBper uses a random forest algorithm at the back end, showing 97

Result:
BBBper uses a random forest algorithm at the back end, showing 97% accuracy on the external
dataset, compared to 70-92% accuracy of currently available web-based BBB permeability
prediction tools.

Conclusion:
The BBBper web tool is freely available at http://bbbper.mdu.ac.in.
Revisiting the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis between Traditional and Synthetic Modes of Treatment with the Aid of In-silico Methods
Authors: Das Priyam Jyoti , KEMISETTI DURGA PRASAD , Ahmed Shiny , Alam Faruk 
Published: October 2024

Introduction/Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely disrupted global health
systems, highlighting the urgent need for effective treatment strategies. This article aims to provide
an assessment of the pandemic's current status and examines the effectiveness of traditional treatments
against innovative synthetic approaches.

Materials and Methods:
The article explores synthetic strategies involving repurposed antiviral
drugs, supportive care, and vaccinations. It emphasizes the role of computational modeling and artificial
intelligence in engineering molecules with potent antiviral properties. In-silico methods were
utilized to accelerate chemical library screenings, predict efficacy, and assess interactions between
viral proteins and potential treatments.

Results:
Studies employing molecular docking analysis have evaluated the efficacy of approved
antiviral drugs and natural compounds. Notably, Azithromycin was found to have a potential inhibitory
effect with a binding energy of -9.69, while natural compounds like Camphor and Curcumin
displayed binding energies of -5.18 and -6.16, respectively.

Discussion:
Synthetic treatments showed effectiveness in inhibiting viral proteins and facilitating
rapid development, while natural products were more effective in preventing virus entry.

Conclusion:
Based on in-silico docking studies, it can be concluded that natural products have more
therapeutic effects than synthetic drugs.
Thrombocytopenia and Other Hematological Features in COVID-19 Patients Referred to Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital
Authors: Nourmohammadi Hassan , Shafiei Elham , Mami Sanaz , Tavan Hamed 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
COVID-19 is a deadly virus, but there is still no appropriate cure for it.
Hence, the target of this study was to estimate the clinical value of thrombocytopenia and other
blood parameters in COVID-19 patients referred to Ilam Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital from
April and September 2020.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, patients with thrombocytopenia, associated
with COVID-19, diagnosed at the Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Ilam City during the spring
and summer of 2020 were included. A checklist was used to record the hematological indicators of
the patients. Further, an analysis of data using SPSS V20 software was performed.

Results:
Overall, 66 thrombocytopenic patients were studied. Among patients who succumbed to the
disease complications, 40 (67.8%) were male, and 19 (32.2%) were female. Mortality and survival
rates were 90% and 10%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Due to the high mortality rate of COVID-19 patients with thrombocytopenia, platelet
count can be considered a major risk factor, as well as a prognostic and diagnostic indicator in these
patients.
Determinants of growth and measures to prevent professional crime in Russia in 1917 – early 1920s
Authors: Zarubina K A 
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Considerable scientific interest is the analysis of the determinants of the development of professional crime in times of crisis, when the political, socio-economic, and cultural spheres of life are particularly unstable in the country. The analysis of these conditions on the example of individual historical periods will make it possible to predict possible changes in the directions of development of domestic professional crime in the present and to determine effective measures against the growth of professional criminal activity in different historical realities.The purpose of the study is to analyze the causes, factors and conditions of the growth of professional crime in Russia in the 1917 – early 1920s, as well as measures to prevent this dangerous type of criminal activity.Objectives: to analyze the main determinants of the growth of professional crime in Russia in 1917 – early 1920s; to study individual measures to prevent the development of professional crime in Russia in the chronological period under study; to determine the effectiveness of measures used to counteract professional crime in Russia in 1917 – early 1920s.Methodology. In the process of working on the study, methods of synthesis, analysis, systematization, generalization, as well as comparative legal and chronological methods were used.The results. The article examines individual factors, causes and conditions of the growth of professional crime in Russia in 1917 – early 1920s. It was established that against the background of the growing activity of professional criminals in Russia during this period, a targeted policy was implemented to counter the development of this type of crime, but later it was curtailed.Conclusion. The results of the study allowed us to determine that the development of professional crime in the designated period was influenced by such determinants as the general deterioration of the financial situation of a large part of the country's population, the growth of child homelessness, the lack of effectively functioning law enforcement agencies, as well as some others. The Soviet government made the necessary efforts to combat various manifestations of professional crime, but the "imaginary victory" over this dangerous anti-social phenomenon declared by the Soviet government and the curtailment of certain measures to combat professional crime did not lead to positive results, as a result of which the Soviet criminal world became even more consolidated and monolithic.
The historical evolution of the Russian railway technical operation rules
Authors: Polyakova A. S. 
Published: October 2024

Relevance. For almost two centuries, rail transport has been and remains one of the key means of transportation. Due to this, it is necessary to ensure traffic safety, which should be reflected in the basic rules applicable to railway transport. This article is devoted to the analysis of the rules of technical operation of railway transport from the end of the XIX century to the present. The development of railway techniques and technologies reflects not only progress in the engineering and technical fields, but also the vast context of social, economic, political and scientific changes. The study of the evolution of the rules of technical operation allows us to trace these changes and draw conclusions about how scientific and technical innovations were formed and introduced into the practice of railway transport.Purpose of the study is to study the evolution of the rules of technical operation of Russian railway transport in different periods of time.Objective is to conduct a comparative analysis of the evolution of the rules of technical operation of railway transport from the end of the XIX century to the present to identify changes in the basic requirements for safety and technical characteristics, to identify the causes of changes and the influence of political, economic and technological factors on the formation of these rules; to assess the role of changes in the context of the development of the railway system.Methodology. The research is based on the principles of objectivity and historicism. To solve the tasks set, such methods as historical-comparative, historical-genetic, historical-typological were used.Results. A comparison of the provisions of the rules of technical operation of railways made it possible to objectively assess the impact of scientific and technological progress in the field of railway transport on the formation and strengthening of regulatory and technical traffic safety.Conclusion. The author came to the conclusion that the rules of technical operation of railways have undergone a number of changes, innovations, exceptions and improvements over their history, but many provisions remain unchanged to this day. The accumulated operational, technical and normative experience is necessary for further improvement of the safety system in Russian railway transport.
Common Physical Performance Tests for Evaluating Health in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Banarjee Chitra , Choudhury Renoa , Park Joon-Hyuk , Xie Rui , Fukuda David , Stout Jeffrey , Thiamwong Ladda 
Published: October 2024

Background
Interdisciplinary evaluation of older adults’ health care is a priority in the prevention of chronic health conditions and maintenance of daily functioning. While many studies evaluate different physical performance tests (PPTs) from a retrospective view in predicting mortality or cardiopulmonary health, it remains unclear which of the commonly used PPTs is the most effective at evaluating the current health of older adults. Additionally, the time and participant burden for each PPT must be considered when planning and implementing them for clinical or research purposes.

Objective
This cross-sectional study aimed to determine how elements of overall physical capacity, performance, and other nongait factors in older adults affect the results of 3 commonly used tests: the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT).

Methods
A total of 53 community-dwelling older adults met the inclusion and exclusion criteria (mean age 77.47, SD 7.25 years; n=41, 77% female; and n=21, 40% Hispanic). This study evaluated older adults using 3 different PPTs including the SPPB, 6MWT, and ISWT, as well as constructed multiple linear regression models with measures of physical activity, static balance, and fear of falling (FoF). The nongait measures included 7 days of physical activity monitoring using the ActiGraph GT9X Link instrument, objective measurement of static balance using the BTrackS Balance System, and FoF using the short Fall Efficacy Scale-International.

Results
The models revealed that the complete SPPB provided the most comprehensive value, as indicated by a greater R2 value (0.523), and that performance on the SPPB was predicted by both moderate to vigorous physical activity (P=.01) and FoF (P<.001). The ISWT was predicted by moderate to vigorous physical activity (P=.02), BMI (P=.02), and FoF (P=.006) and had a similar R2 value (0.517), whereas the gait component of the SPPB (P=.001) and 6MWT (P<.001) was predicted by only FoF and had lower R2 values (0.375 and 0.228, respectively).

Conclusions
The results indicated the value of a multicomponent, comprehensive test, such as the SPPB, in evaluating the health of older adults. Additionally, a comparison of the 2 field walking tests (ISWT and 6MWT) further distinguished the ISWT as more responsive to overall health in older adults. In comparing these commonly used PPTs, clinicians and researchers in the field can determine and select the most optimal test to evaluate older adults in communities and research settings.
Prevalence of acute kidney injury and outcome in cats treated as inpatients versus outpatients following lily exposure
Authors: Lam Justin , Hess Rebecka S. , Reineke Erica L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and outcome in cats treated for lily exposure as inpatients (IPs) or outpatients (OPs).

METHODS
Medical records of cats with lily exposure were retrospectively evaluated; 112 cats were included. Signalment, type of exposure, time from exposure to presentation, decontamination procedures, treatment group (IPs vs OPs), creatinine and International Renal Interest Society AKI grade at specific time points (initial presentation, 0 to 24 hours, 24 to 48 hours, and 48 hours to 2 weeks), whether an AKI developed at any point, whether AKI grade was static or improved when comparing baseline to last documented AKI grade, and outcome (alive or dead/euthanized) were recorded.

RESULTS
There were no significant differences in prevalence of AKI between the IP cats (45 of 96 [46.9%]) and OP cats (7 of 16 [43.8%]). Of the AKI cats, 27 IP cats (60%) and 4 OP cats (57.1%) had a static or improved AKI grade. Inpatient cats had a significantly higher survival compared to OP cats (100% vs 86.5%).

CONCLUSIONS
Cats exposed to lilies in both groups had a higher prevalence of AKI than previously reported; however, many cats with AKIs had a static or improved AKI grade by the last documented AKI grade. Although the survival was lower in OP cats compared to IP cats, overall survival was excellent.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results of our study suggested that IP cats have a superior outcome than OP cats; however, cats treated as OPs may still have favorable outcomes.
Yeast Solution Spray and Ozone Gas Fumigation as Methods of Protecting Tomato Plants Against Diseases
Authors: Zardzewiały Miłosz , Matłok Natalia , Turan Jan , Balawejder Maciej , Gorzelany Józef 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of ozone fumigation and spraying with microorganisms, i.e. yeast, on selected physiological parameters, and the extent of disease infection of tomato plants. Tomato plants were grown in the ground under covers. Throughout the 2021 and 2022 growing season, the plants were exposed to variable factors, i.e. fumigation with gaseous ozone at a dose of 2 ppm for 1 minute and spraying with yeast. After ozonation and spraying with yeast, physiological measurements were made on tomato plants, such as: selected parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence (maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry) and gas exchange parameters (transpiration rate, stomatal conductivity and intercellular CO2 concentration). In addition, the content of chlorophyll using the SPAD method as well as plant infection by diseases was determined. Compared to the control sample, ozonation resulted in a slight decrease in the physiological parameters of tomato plants. In addition, no visible leaf damage was observed after the ozone gas fumigation process. However, the use of microorganisms did not significantly change the examined physiological parameters. Both after the application of gaseous ozone and microorganisms, a significant impact of the tested variable factors was found on reducing the infection of tomato plants by diseases such as: tomato late blight, tomato alter-nariosis, gray mold, bacterial canker of tomato and bacterial spot of tomato.
Do We Need a New Approach to R&D Works in Financial Reporting?
Authors: Hołda Artur , Łojek Paweł 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Research and Development works (RD works) in accounting is increasingly used both in Poland and globally. The potential benefit of numerous tax breaks is an incentive to implement innovative solutions. The article aims to verify research hypotheses through a chi2 independence test concerning the need to create a new national accounting standard regarding RD works and the respondents’ knowledge of balance sheet and tax law. Questions were also raised regarding RD works expenses. The findings suggest that the respondents do not feel the need to create a new national accounting standard. However, respondents‘ knowledge of the relevant issues is relatively limited, both in terms of balance sheet law and tax law. Moreover, it was established that a tax audit should be anticipated when utilizing tax reliefs, not always from the co-financing institution. This study contributes to the ongoing perception of RD works by accountants and managers and may also serve as a foundation for further research with a larger research sample.