bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental care provided to sickle cell anemia patients stratified by age: A population-based study in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Costa Cyrene Piazera Silva , Aires Bárbara Tamires Cruz , Thomaz Erika Bárbara Abreu Fonseca , Souza Soraia de Fátima Carvalho 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess differences in the dental care provided to sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients depending on age. This retrospective study used secondary data from the dental records of the Center of Hematology and Hemotherapy in Maranhão (HEMOMAR). Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from 574 dental records of patients with SCA treated or under treatment in the Dental Department of HEMOMAR from 2000 to 2011. Data on the gender, age, duration of dental treatment, number of patients submitted to periodontal treatment (PT), number of filled teeth (FT), teeth extracted (EX), endodontically treated teeth (ET), and reason for the dental procedures were collected. The Kruskal–Wallis test together with Dunn's post hoc test, Chi-square test, and Spearman's correlation was used for statistical analysis. An alpha error of 5% was considered acceptable. Results: Significant differences were found for FT, EX (P < 0.05), ET and PT (P < 0.001) between the age groups. There were fewer FT in children compared to other age groups (P < 0.001). The most common reasons for restorations and endodontic treatment were dental caries (100%) and irreversible pulpitis (55.6%), respectively. The main reasons for teeth extractions were residual roots (21.3%), chronic apical periodontitis (19.7%), and crown destruction (19.3%). There were positive correlations between age and EX (r = 0.93; P = 0.025) and ET (r = 0.92; P = 0.028). Conclusions: FT, ET, EX, and PT procedures become more common in older patients. Tooth decay is the main reason for dental treatment in SCA patients.
Evaluation of the effect of denture adhesives on surface roughness of two chemically different denture base resins
Authors: Darwish Mahmoud , Nassani Mohammad Zakaria 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the effect of four commercially available denture adhesives (DAs) on surface roughness of two chemically different denture base materials. Materials and Methods: Fifty specimens of heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate, and another fifty specimens of light-cured urethane dimethacrylate were divided into five groups (n = 10), each was immersed in four prepared DAs (Corega Super Cream, Corega Ultra Powder, Olivafix Cream, Protefix Cream) as well as distilled water (control group). The mean surface roughness (R
a) of the polished and unpolished surfaces of the specimens was recorded using profilometer device. T-test for paired observation was used to indicate any changes in surface roughness between the baseline and after 30 days of immersion in the DA. Results: Almost all the tested DAs had no significant effect on the roughness of polished and unpolished surfaces of both denture base materials. The Corega super cream DA produced significant increase in the roughness of the polished surfaces of both types of acrylic specimens (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The majority of the investigated DAs appears not to affect the surface roughness of denture base materials. Only Corega super cream DA produced detectable increase in the roughness of polished surfaces of denture base specimens.
Nestin expressions of exposed pulp after direct pulp capping by calcium hydroxide and platelet rich plasma
Authors: Puspita Sartika , Utoro Totok , Haniastuti Tetiana 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate nestin expression of pulp tissue following direct pulp capping with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Materials and Methods: The thirty sound teeth from Sprague-Dawley rats were used and divided into two groups: Groups 1, teeth were capped with calcium hydroxide/Ca(OH)2 (n = 15) and Group 2 with PRP (n = 15). After 1st, 7th, and 21st days, respectively, 5 teeth each group (American Dental Association 41) were processed for light microscopic examination. Expressions of nestin were assessed by immunohistochemical techniques. Results: Nestin expression of Ca(OH)2 on the distance place of exposure at 1st and 7th days were 80% and at 21st day were 60%. Nestin expression of PRP on the distance place at 1st day was 80%, 7th 100%, and 21st day was 80%. At day 21 observation, Kruskal–Wallis test shows nestin expression was increased significantly in PRP groups (P < 0.05), but it was not increase significantly compare with Ca(OH)2. Conclusion: PRP had ability as a direct pulp capping material to induce nestin expression.
The prevalence and distribution of nonsyndromic hyperdontia in a group of Qatari orthodontic and pediatric patients
Authors: Alhashimi Najah , Al Jawad Feras H. Abed , Al Sheeb Muneera , Al Emadi Buthaina , Al-Abdulla Jamal , Al Yafei Hanan 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: There is no data specific to the Qatari population on the prevalence and distribution of hyperdontia. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of hyperdontia in the permanent teeth among a group of Qatari sample and to compare the present results with findings from other populations. Materials and Methods: Records of 1269 Qatari patients (674 females; mean age 11.8 ± 2.3 and 595 males; mean age 11.4 ± 2.2 years) which included panoramic radiographs were examined to identify hyperdontia in the permanent dentition. Supernumerary teeth were assessed for their location, morphology, number, and whether impacted or not. Results: The prevalence of hyperdontia was 1.6% (females 0.7% and males 0.9%; P < 0169). The most common type of supernumerary teeth was the supplemental (45.5%), followed by the conical (40%). Of the supplemental teeth, the mandibular incisor was the most prevalent (60%), followed by the premolar (20%). No significant difference in the prevalence was found between the maxilla and mandible. More than half of supernumerary teeth identified were impacted (54.5%). Conclusions: The prevalence of hyperdontia in a group of Qatari population was within the normal range of the majority of published studies in the literature. Although not significant, hyperdontia cases were more prevalent in male patients.
Biomechanics of cervical tooth region and noncarious cervical lesions of different morphology; three-dimensional finite element analysis
Authors: Jakupović Selma , Anić Ivica , Ajanović Muhamed , Korać Samra , Konjhodžić Alma , Džanković Aida , Vuković Amra 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: The present study aims to investigate the influence of presence and shape of cervical lesions on biomechanical behavior of mandibular first premolar, subjected to two types of occlusal loading using three-dimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM). Materials and Methods: 3D models of the mandibular premolar are created from a micro computed tomography X-ray image: model of sound mandibular premolar, model with the wedge-shaped cervical lesion (V lesion), and model with saucer-shaped cervical lesion (U lesion). By FEM, straining of the tooth tissues under functional and nonfunctional occlusal loading of 200 (N) is analyzed. For the analysis, the following software was used: CTAn program 1.10 and ANSYS Workbench (version 14.0). The results are presented in von Mises stress. Results: Values of calculated stress in all tooth structures are higher under nonfunctional occlusal loading, while the functional loading is resulted in homogeneous stress distribution. Nonfunctional load in the cervical area of sound tooth model as well as in the sub-superficial layer of the enamel resulted with a significant stress (over 50 [MPa]). The highest stress concentration on models with lesions is noticed on the apex of the V-shaped lesion, while stress in saucer U lesion is significantly lower and distributed over wider area. Conclusion: The type of the occlusal teeth loading has the biggest influence on cervical stress intensity. Geometric shape of the existing lesion is very important in the distribution of internal stress. Compared to the U-shaped lesions, V-shaped lesions show significantly higher stress concentrations under load. Exposure to stress would lead to its progression.
Narrativa transmedia y percepción cognitiva en El Ministerio del Tiempo (TVE)
Authors: Sánchez Castillo Sebastián , Galan Esteban 
Published: June 2016

En el presente trabajo se analiza la serie de ficción de TVE El Ministerio del Tiempo con el objetivo de determinar si el mayor conocimiento de la serie de ficción, el uso de las redes sociales y los recursos multimedia modifican la percepción del espectador. Metodología: Se procedió a realizar un trabajo de campo compuesto por 124 observadores a los que se les ha aplicado la escala EDI (Escala de identificación con los personajes). Resultados: Se concluye que un mayor conocimiento de la serie y el uso de las propuestas transmedia produce una mayor identificación con los personajes de ficción, aunque solo en los ítems que definen una mayor carga emocional o sentimental. Discusión: Lo anterior evidencia sin embargo, que no es aplicable a la evaluación cognitiva de aquellos espectadores más fieles a la serie. Conclusiones: Con los resultados obtenidos es posible afirmar que los contenidos transmedia se suceden en la percepción de los observadores desde lo racional a lo emocional. El conocimiento previo de la serie y el uso de las propuestas transmedia alarga la relación con lo visionado más allá del disfrute ocasional.
New and improved infrared absorption cross sections for chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22)
Authors: Harrison Jeremy J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The most widely used hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) commercially since the 1930s has been chloro-difluoromethane, or HCFC-22, which has the undesirable effect of depleting stratospheric ozone. As this molecule is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol, monitoring its concentration profiles using infrared sounders crucially requires accurate laboratory spectroscopic data. This work describes new high-resolution infrared absorption cross sections of chlorodifluoromethane over the spectral range 730–1380 cm−1, determined from spectra recorded using a high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer (Bruker IFS 125HR) and a 26 cm pathlength cell. Spectra of chlorodifluoromethane/dry synthetic air mixtures were recorded at resolutions between 0.01 and 0.03 cm−1 (calculated as 0.9/MOPD; MOPD denotes the maximum optical path difference) over a range of temperatures and pressures (7.5–762 Torr and 191–295 K) appropriate for atmospheric conditions. This new cross-section dataset improves upon the one currently available in the HITRAN (HIgh-resolution TRANsmission) and GEISA (Gestion et Etude des Informations Spectroscopiques Atmosphériques) databases; in particular it provides coverage over a wider range of pressures and temperatures, has more accurate wavenumber scales, more consistent integrated band intensities, improved signal-to-noise, is free of channel fringing, and additionally covers the ν2 and ν7 bands.
Home visits in general practice – most often for elderly patients: A report from the Møre & Romsdal Prescription Study
Authors: Straand Jørund , Sandvik Hogne 
Published: June 2016

Objectives: Methods: Results: Conclusions: Home visiting policy should be more selective. While most children could be adequatelytaken care of by telephone consultations or consultations in the surgery, home visits should be encouragedfor the chronically ill and the housebound.5.074 home visits were recorded (9.2% of all face-to-face contacts). Home visiting rates werehighest for the elderly and for children. Most home visits were for new diagnoses, and 28% took placeduring weekends. Infections in the respiratory tract comprised the majority of the diagnoses for visitingchildren, whereas coronary heart disease and heart failure were the most frequent diagnoses for visitingthe elderly. Drugs were prescribed during 48.9% of the home visits. General systemic antiinfectives andrespiratory drugs comprised 53% of all prescriptions, whereas CNS-drugs comprised another 20%. Doctors'characteristics associated with doing home visits were male gender, young age, GP specialisation,fixed salary, and rural location.A cross-sectional descriptive study in the Norwegian county of Møre & Romsdal. All encounters(90,458) and prescriptions (74,079) issued during two months were recorded.Although home health care has been the fastest growing segment of the health care systemduring the last decades, general practitioners' (GPs') home visiting rates have declined. The aim of thisstudy was to analyse home visits in relation to characteristics of both patients and GPs, the diagnoses,and the drugs prescribed.ABSTRACT
Use of psychotropic drugs in homes for the aged in Bergen, Norway: A comparative study
Authors: Nygaard Harald A. , Naik Mala 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTStudy objectives: Design: Setting: Participants: Main results: Conclusion: Key words: Long term care facilities; psychotropic drugs; non-cognitive symptoms; mental impairmentDuring several years educational programs for nurses and physicians have been carriedout to improve the general care and drug treatment of the elderly, especially with regard to psychotropicdrugs. The anticipated changes in the use of psychotropic drugs have not been fulfilled.The was a significant increased use of psychotropic drugs from 1985 to 1996, 48% to61% of the residents (p = 0.002). The use of anxiolytics and antidepressants increased significantly (5%to 14%, p=0.0004 and 12% to 23%, p=0.0005, respectively), while antipsychotics and hypnoticsremained stable (24% on both occasions and 22% and 27%, respectively). The use of anxiolytics andneuroleptics was associated with anxiety, wandering and aggressive behaviour. Anxiolytics were morefrequently use by mentally unimpaired residents. A substantial number of passive and apatheticresidents were treated inappropriately with psychotropic drugs.Thirteen representative homes for the aged with a total of 339 residents in 1985 and 286residents in 1996.All regularly used psychotropic drugs and demographic information were collected from thecase notes. Mental capacity, which was assessed by means of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale(CDR), and behaviour were registered by a trained nurse.A point prevalence survey performed on two occasions in 1985 and 1996.To compare the regular use of psychotropic drugs in 1985 and 1996 in homes for theaged in Bergen, Norway and to study the relation between age, gender, mental impairment and certainbehaviour traits and psychotropic drug use.
Perception of sleep in the elderly
Authors: Pallesen Ståle , Nordhus Inger Hilde , Nielsen Geir Høstmark 
Published: June 2016

Background: Method: Results: Conclusion: Key Words: insomnia; older adults; diagnosis; perception of sleepThe results cast doubts about the usefulness of the common criteria (30 minutes sleeponset latency and wake after sleep onset) used in clinical contexts to diagnose insomnia. Unrealisticpositive expectations about sleep changes with age can lower the threshold for complaining and thuscontribute to dissatisfaction and worry about sleep. Sedative-hypnotic drugs did seem to have limitedbenefit for the participants in this study.For those generally satisfied with their sleep, mean sleep onset latency was 37 minutes andmean wake after sleep onset was 38 minutes. It was further demonstrated that 59.2% of the sample hadunrealistic positive expectations (did not expect worsening of sleep with age) regarding sleep in oldage. Those using sedative-hypnotic medication (23.3%) were less satisfied with their sleep and felt lessrefreshed during the day than non-users. Contrary to most studies, no general gender differences inperception of sleep was revealed. The only exception was total sleep time where men reported moresleep than women (6.78 vs. 6.15 hours) per day.A questionnaire focusing on the subjective experience of sleep was administered to 116 older(60 years and above) visitors at 4 senior centres in Bergen, Norway.Discrepancies between objectively and subjectively measured sleep variables make diagnosinginsomnia in the elderly difficult. Also relevant to diagnosing insomnia in the elderly are expectationsabout sleep, gender and use of sedative-hypnotic medication. The present study focuses on howthese variables relate to insomnia and sleep satisfaction.ABSTRACT
Seroprevalence of Blood Borne Pathogens among Health Care Workers and Their Hepatitis B Vaccination Status in Tertiary Care Hospitals in India
Authors: Dafei Maryam , Sarin Shiv K. , Kannan Anjur T. , Agrawal Kamal , Garg Suneela , Agrawal Kieert , Dehghani Ali 
Published: June 2016

<p><strong>BACKGROUND &amp; AIM: </strong>Occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens, mainly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV), poses a serious risk to healthcare workers (HCWs), especially in developing countries, due to the high prevalence of these pathogens and fewer safety precautions. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections and to measure the vaccination practices in HCWs at three tertiary care hospitals in Delhi, India.</p><p><strong>METHOD:</strong> In a descriptive (cross-sectional) study, the HCWs of three tertiary hospitals were selected by simple random sampling and divided into four different groups (nurses, laboratory and operational theater technicians, doctors and housekeeping workers). The participants were screened for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag), antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti HBs), antibody to hepatitis C (anti HCV), and antibody to HIV (anti HIV). From June 2010 to April 2012, a structured questionnaire was administered to 850 HCWs after obtaining consent.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>Among 850 HCWs, 51.8% were nurses and 50.6% were female with a mean (SD) age of 34(8.7) years. The overall seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV was 1.1%, 0.3%, and 0.1%, respectively. There was a high proportion of HBsAg positivity among housekeeping workers (4.9%) followed by nurses (3.3%). Out of 9 positive cases of HBsAg, 66% (6) were never vaccinated and out of a total of 11 positive subjects, 72 % (8) had previous exposure in the workplace. Complete HBV vaccination was done in 78.2% (605) of the HCWs and 11.3% (75) were partially vaccinated. Only 20.1% had checked their anti-HBs. Protective (&gt;10 IU/mL) anti-HBs was seen in 70.6% (600) of the participants, indicating that nearly one third of HCWs were not protected against HBV infection. The majority of the study subjects (63.6%) believed that they were immunized against hepatitis B and did not need to check the immunity titer.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Not all HCWs were vaccinated and the majority of vaccinated subjects did not know their immunity level. Housekeeping workers had a high seropositivity rate of infections and a low rate of vaccination against HBV. Institutional policy and training were found to be of paramount importance to improve the quality of health in HCWs.</p>
Legal Constraints on the Indeterminate Control of ‘Dangerous’ Sex Offenders in the Community: The German Perspective
Authors: Meier Bernd-Dieter 
Published: June 2016

Legal Constraints on the Indeterminate Control of ‘Dangerous’ Sex Offenders in the Community: The German Perspective
After release from prison or a custodial preventive institution, offenders may come under supervision in Germany, which means that their conduct is controlled for a period of up to five years or even for life by a judicial supervising authority. Supervision is terminated if it can be expected that even in the absence of further supervision the released person will not commit any further offences. From the theoretical point of view, supervision is not considered a form of punishment in Germany, but a preventive measure that is guided by the principle of proportionality. After a presentation of the German twin track system of criminal sanctions and a glimpse at sentencing theory, the capacity of the principle of proportionality to guide and control judicial decisions in the field of preventive sanctions is discussed. The human rights perspective plays only a minor role in the context of supervision in Germany.
Reseña: "Mosaicos trasatlánticos. Escritoras, artistas e imaginarios (España-EE.UU, 1830-1940)"
Authors: Marcoleta Hardessen Juan Pablo 
Published: June 2016

Reseña de Mosaicos trasatlánticos. Escritoras, artistas e imaginarios (España – EE. UU, 1830–1940) de Beatriz Ferrús y Alba del Pozo (coords.)
Dulce María Loynaz: un libro, un viaje y un gran amor. Notas y enigmas para un estudio de «Jardín»
Authors: González Iledys 
Published: June 2016

La publicación en el año 2013 de la novela italiana Ella non risponse, de Matilde Serao, traducida al español por la escritora Dulce María Loynaz, y el estudio introductorio que hace la investigadora cubana Zaida Capote para tal volumen constituyen los ejes que motivan el presente ensayo. El propósito principal de este gira en torno a la traducción de Dulce María Loynaz: las posibles motivaciones que determinaron la elección de la obra a traducir, particularidades estilísticas presentes en el ejercicio de traducción y valoraciones sobre la «influencia» de la novela italiana en Jardín, de la poeta cubana. Con la presentación de este interesante caso entre escritoras se busca, además, abrir una discusión sobre algunas nociones relativas a la traducción y a las influencias literarias.
THE 2008-2009 EXCAVATIONS AT THE SAC LOCALITY, REBER-RAKIVAL LAPITA SITE, WATOM ISLAND, PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Authors: Petchey Peter , Buckley Hallie , Walter Richard , Anson Dimitri , Kinaston Rebecca 
Published: June 2016

The Reber-Rakival site on Watom Island is of particular significance, as it is the first place where what is now known as Lapita pottery was found, by a German missionary in 1909. It is also significant as a Lapita-era burial site, although there has been much debate about the exact relationship between the burials and the Lapita occupation. In 2008 and 2009 an Otago University/Otago Museum/Papua New Guinea expedition carried out new excavations at the SAC site in Rakival Village, in order to increase the sample size of both burials and ceramics, and to address some of the ogoing debates. The expedition found more burials, Lapita ceramics and associated artefactual material, and while it confirmed the relationship between the burials and the Lapita occupation, it also found that previous excavations had not reached the base of the site, and evidence of human occuption was found up to 0.8m deeper than previously known. Based on this work, a refined stratigraphic sequence is presented, with 7 layers replacing the old 4 zone model that has been used to date. This paper presents the description and interpretation of the SAC locatily at Watom, and provides a basis for other more specialist papers that are in preparation.