bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prospective, Quantitative Evaluation of Fatty Infiltration Before and After Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Lansdown Drew A. , Lee Sonia , Sam Craig , Krug Roland , Feeley Brian T. , Ma C. Benjamin 
Published: July 2017

Background: Current evaluation of muscle fatty infiltration has been limited by subjective classifications. Quantitative fat evaluation through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may allow for an improved longitudinal evaluation of the effect of surgical repair on the progression of fatty infiltration. Hypotheses: We hypothesized that (1) patients with isolated full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tears would have less progression in fatty infiltration compared with patients with full-thickness tears of multiple tendons and (2) patients with eventual failed repair would have higher baseline levels of fatty infiltration. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Thirty-five patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears were followed longitudinally. All patients received a shoulder MRI, including the iterative decomposition of echoes of asymmetric length (IDEAL) sequence for fat measurement, prior to surgical treatment and at 6 months after surgical repair. Fat fractions were recorded for all 4 rotator cuff muscles from measurements on 4 sagittal slices centered at the scapular-Y. Demographics and tear characteristics were recorded. Baseline and follow-up fat fractions were compared for patients with isolated supraspinatus tears versus multitendon tears and for patients with intact repairs versus failed repairs. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. Results: The mean fat fractions were significantly higher at follow-up than at baseline for the supraspinatus (9.8% ± 7.0% vs 8.3% ± 5.7%; P = .025) and infraspinatus (7.4% ± 6.1% vs 5.7% ± 4.4%; P = .027) muscles. Patients with multitendon tears showed no significant change for any rotator cuff muscle after repair. Patients with isolated supraspinatus tears showed a significant progression in the supraspinatus fat fraction from baseline to follow-up (from 6.8% ± 4.9% to 8.6% ± 6.8%; P = .0083). Baseline supraspinatus fat fractions were significantly higher in patients with eventual failed repairs compared with those with intact repairs (11.7% ± 6.8% vs 7.1% ± 4.8%; P = .037). Conclusion: Contrary to our initial hypothesis, patients with isolated supraspinatus tears showed a significant progression of fatty infiltration. Patients with eventual repair failure had higher baseline fat fractions in the supraspinatus.
A comparison of loop time-domain electromagnetic and short-offset transient electromagnetic methods for mapping water-enriched zones — A case history in Shaanxi, China
Authors: Chen Weiying , Xue Guoqiang , Olatayo Afolagboye Lekan , Chen Kang , Younis Khan Muhammad , Chen Weichang , Zhang Linbo , Chen Wen 
Published: July 2017

Increases in the mining depth of coal pose a significant challenge to the conventional loop source time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) method that requires significant enlargement of the loop size and transmitting current to realize the deeper sounding results required. As an alternative, TEM devices based on a grounded wire source are generally used to solve detections deeper than several hundred meters. To map the water-enriched zones buried underneath approximately 1000 m at a coal mine in Shaanxi, China, loop TEM and short-offset transient electromagnetic (SOTEM) measurements were conducted. We carried out 1D forward modeling and inversion constrained by drilling informa-tion, and the results reveal that the resolution capability of loop TEM and SOTEM is almost the same in detecting a conductive layer in the absence of any noise. However, for a given noise level and decay time, the SOTEM method provides a deeper investigation than loop TEM without compromising sensitivity. The field examples validated the synthetic results. The loop TEM with dimensions of [Formula: see text] realized a maximum depth of 1000 m, whereas the reliable detection depth of 1500 m was achieved by using a 723 m long grounded wire source using the SOTEM method. Moreover, the labor required is significantly reduced, and the efficiency is dramatically raised using the SOTEM method. Our results predict that the SOTEM method should play a more important role in deep hydrogeophysical investigations.
Association between maternal childhood trauma and offspring childhood psychopathology: Mediation analysis from the ALSPAC cohort
Authors: Plant Dominic T. , Jones Fergal W. , Pariante Carmine M. , Pawlby Susan 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundStudies have shown that a mother's history of childhood maltreatment is associated with her child's experience of internalising and externalising difficulties.AimsTo characterise the mediating pathways that underpin this association.MethodData on a mother's history of childhood maltreatment, depression during pregnancy, postnatal depression, maladaptive parenting practices and her child's experience of maltreatment and internalising and externalising difficulties were analysed in an Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) sample of 9397 mother–child dyads followed prospectively from pregnancy to age 13.ResultsMaternal history of childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with offspring internalising and externalising difficulties. Maternal antenatal depression, postnatal depression and offspring child maltreatment were observed to significantly mediate this association independently.ConclusionsPsychological and psychosocial interventions focused around treating maternal depression, particularly during pregnancy, and safeguarding against adverse childhood experiences could be offered to mothers with traumatic childhood histories to help protect against psychopathology in the next generation.
Differential Associations of Inflammatory Markers With Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion: The Prospective METSIM Study
Authors: Fizelova Maria , Jauhiainen Raimo , Kangas Antti J , Soininen Pasi , Ala-Korpela Mika , Kuusisto Johanna , Laakso Markku , Stančáková Alena 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Context
Low-grade inflammation is involved in the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, prospective studies evaluating inflammatory markers as predictors of changes in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity are lacking.

Objective
We investigated the associations of glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, incident type 2 diabetes, hypertension, CVD events, and total mortality in the prospective Metabolic Syndrome in Men (METSIM) study.

Design
A prospective study.

Participants
The cross-sectional METSIM study included 8749 nondiabetic Finnish men aged 45 to 73 years, who had been randomly selected from the population register of Kuopio, Finland. A total of 5401 men participated in the 6.8-year follow-up study.

Main Outcome Measures
Changes in insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and cardiometabolic traits during the follow-up period and the incidence of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, CVD events, and total mortality.

Results
During the follow-up period, GlycA was associated with impaired insulin secretion, hyperglycemia, incident type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.29 to 1.46) and CVD (hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 1.32). IL-1RA and hs-CRP were associated with adverse changes in insulin sensitivity and obesity-related traits and with total mortality (hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 1.20; and hazard ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.11, respectively).

Conclusions
Inflammatory markers differentially predicted changes in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. GlycA predicted impaired insulin secretion, and IL-1RA and hs-CRP predicted changes in insulin sensitivity. Combining the three markers improved the prediction of disease outcomes, suggesting that they capture different aspects of low-grade inflammation.
The ShcD phosphotyrosine adaptor subverts canonical EGF receptor trafficking
Authors: Wills Melanie K. B. , Lau Hayley R. , Jones Nina 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Shc family signalling adaptors connect activated transmembrane receptors to proximal effectors, and most also contain a sequence involved in clathrin-mediated receptor endocytosis. Notably, this AP2 adaptin-binding motif (AD) is absent from the ShcD (also known as Shc4) homolog, which also uniquely promotes ligand-independent phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We now report that cultured cells expressing ShcD exhibit reduced EGF uptake, commensurate with a decrease in EGFR surface presentation. Under basal conditions, ShcD colocalises with the EGFR and facilitates its phosphorylation, ubiquitylation and accumulation in juxtanuclear vesicles identified as Rab11-positive endocytic recycling compartments. Accordingly, ShcD also functions as a constitutive binding partner for the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl. EGFR phosphorylation and focal accumulation likewise occur upon ShcD co-expression in U87 glioma cells. Loss of ShcD phosphotyrosine-binding function or insertion of the ShcA AD sequence each restore ligand acquisition through distinct mechanisms. The AD region also contains a nuclear export signal, indicating its multifunctionality. Overall, ShcD appears to possess several molecular permutations that actively govern the EGFR, which may have implications in development and disease.
Differentiated Time Slot Pricing Under Routing Considerations in Attended Home Delivery
Authors: Klein Robert , Neugebauer Michael , Ratkovitch Dimitri , Steinhardt Claudius 
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we study an e-grocer’s tactical problem of differentiated time slot pricing in attended home delivery. The purpose of differentiating delivery prices is to influence customers’ choice behavior concerning the offered time slots, such that cost-effective delivery schedules on an operational level can be expected and overall profit is maximized. We present a mixed-integer linear programming formulation of the problem, in which delivery costs are anticipated by explicitly incorporating routing constraints, and we model customer behavior by a general nonparametric rank-based choice model. Concerning cost anticipation, we also propose a model-based approximation that enables application to real-world problem sizes. In a setup inspired by an industry partner operating in urban areas, we then perform a comprehensive computational study that reveals the value of the model-based approximation as a supporting instrument for an e-grocer’s pricing decisions in practice. In particular, we demonstrate the superiority of the model-based approximation for real-world problem sizes to several benchmark approaches applied in the scientific literature and in practice (e.g., a unit price approach and other standard pricing heuristics). The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2017.0738 .
Evaluating the impact of hyper-sexualisation on the lives of young people
Authors: Enson Stephanie 
Published: July 2017

This is the first of a two-part mini-series of articles exploring the impact of hyper-sexualisation and pornography on the lives of young people (particularly females) in relation to their values, beliefs and relationships in today's world. This first article focuses on exploring the impact of hyper-sexualisation on young people's values, beliefs, expectations and relationships. Preventative strategies are discussed and counteractive measures are suggested.
The orthopaedic management of lower limb deformity in hypophosphataemic rickets
Authors: Horn A. , Wright J. , Bockenhauer D. , Van't Hoff W. , Eastwood D. M. 
Published: July 2017

Background Many patients with X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets (X-LHPR) demonstrate significant lower limb deformity despite optimal medical management. This study evaluates the use of guided growth by means of hemi-epiphysiodesis to address coronal plane deformity in the skeletally immature child. Methods Since 2005, 24 patients with X-LHPR have been referred to our orthopaedic unit for evaluation. All patients had standardised long leg radiographs that were analysed sequentially before and after surgery if any was performed. The rate of correction of deformity was calculated based on peri-articular angles and diaphyseal deformity angles measured at regular intervals using Traumacad software. Clinical records were reviewed to obtain relevant clinical and demographic details. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results The indication for surgical intervention was a mechanical axis progressing through Zone 2 or in Zone 3 despite one year of optimised medical treatment. The 15 patients underwent 16 episodes of guided growth (30 limbs, 38 segments) at a mean age of 10.3 years. In four limbs, surgery has only taken place recently; and in three limbs, correction is ongoing. Neutral mechanical axis was restored in 16/23 (70%) limbs: six improved and one limb (one segment) required osteotomy for residual deformity. The mean rate of angular correction per month was 0.3° for the proximal tibia and 0.7° for the distal femur. Patients with ≥ 3 years of growth remaining responded significantly better than older patients (p = 0.004). Guided growth was more successful in correcting valgus than varus deformity (p = 0.007). In younger patients, diaphyseal deformity corrected at a rate of 0.2° and 0.6° per month for the tibia and the femur, respectively. There has been one case of recurrent deformity. Patients with corrected coronal plane alignment did not complain of significant residual torsional malalignment. Serum phosphate and alkaline phosphatase levels did not affect response to surgery. Conclusions Guided growth is a successful, minimally invasive method of addressing coronal plane deformity in X-LHPR. If coronal plane deformity is corrected early in patients with good metabolic control, osteotomy can be avoided.
Baby steps: The expanding financial base of local government in Ireland
Authors: Considine John , Reidy Theresa 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
There are two essential elements to this paper. In the first instance, we explore the specific details of revenue and expenditure trends for local authorities over the last decade. The analysis is framed against a longer-term political context of forty years which focuses especially on the weakness of local government in Ireland. Despite an official narrative of financial overdependence on central government, the comparative examination of budgetary records of local authorities reveals considerable diversity in both the revenue and expenditure patterns of authorities across the state. While some authorities are heavily reliant on central government funding, others have a much stronger base of local funding, and indeed the financial crisis since 2008 may have increased these differences. The second dimension to the research is an exploration of the impact of the great recession from 2008 on local government finance in Ireland. Using a framework of new institutionalism, we identify the crisis as another critical moment for local government. We consider the political, economic and administrative variables which have brought local government to a financial crossroads, and we explore the potential for long-lasting financial change in local government, as well as speculating on the nature and outcome of that change.
Five challenges for public administrations in Europe
Authors: Ongaro Edoardo 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This article examines five ‘challenges’ facing most administrative systems across Europe. The first challenge stems from the increasingly asymmetric nature of European multilevel governance; the second challenge arises from the missed opportunity of reforming in the absence of a dominant administrative paradigm; the third challenge lies in rescuing and transforming the welfare state; the fourth challenge is concerned with making the most of the knowledge generated in the field of strategic management for strategically managing public services; the fifth challenge lies in staff (de)motivation. These challenges are pitched at very different levels: some are related to issues of public governance, some to issues of scholarly and practitioners’ collective understandings of public administration in Europe, and some to trends in the global economy, and notably the financial, economic and fiscal ‘crises’.
Life-cycle consumption, precautionary saving, and risk sharing: an integrated analysis using household panel data
Authors: Ahn Seung C. , Kim H. Youn , Kang Tong Hee 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper presents an integrated model of household consumption behavior and examines its testable implications for various theories of consumption, using panel data on Korean households. The model is framed with an extended Euler equation by incorporating aggregate/idiosyncratic and anticipated/unanticipated income changes with aggregate and idiosyncratic income risk measures. The model can test seven restricted but competing hypotheses such as life-cycle and precautionary saving with and without liquidity constraints, complete risk sharing, and incomplete risk sharing with and without precautionary saving. Each alternative hypothesis is rejected in favor of the integrated model to explain households’ consumption behavior in the panel.
Comparison of a mobile application to estimate percentage body fat to other non-laboratory based measurements
Authors: Shaw Matthew P. , Robinson Joshua , Peart Daniel J. 
Published: July 2017

Summary
Study aim: The measurement of body composition is important from a population perspective as it is a variable associated with a person’s health, and also from a sporting perspective as it can be used to evaluate training. This study aimed to examine the reliability of a mobile application that estimates body composition by digitising a two-dimensional image. Materials and methods: Thirty participants (15 men and 15 women) volunteered to have their percentage body fat (%BF) estimated via three different methods (skinfold measurements, SFM; bio-electrical impedance, BIA; LeanScreenTM mobile application, LSA). Intra-method reproducibility was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficient of variance (CV) and typical error of measurement (TEM). The average measurement for each method were also compared. Results: There were no significant differences between the methods for estimated %BF (p = 0.818) and the reliability of each method as assessed via ICC was good (≥0.974). However the absolute reproducibility, as measured by CV and TEM, was much higher in SFM and BIA (≤1.07 and ≤0.37 respectively) compared with LSA (CV 6.47, TEM 1.6). Conclusion: LSA may offer an alternative to other field-based measures for practitioners, however individual variance should be considered to develop an understanding of minimal worthwhile change, as it may not be suitable for a one-off measurement.
Distribution and occurrence of manglicolous marine fungi from eastern and southern Thailand
Authors: Suetrong Satinee , Preedanon Sita , Klaysuban Anupong , Gundool Wunna , Unagul Panida , Sakayaroj Jariya , Promchu Waratthaya , Sangtiean Tanuwong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe species diversity of marine fungi was investigated in eastern and southern Thailand. Senescent and decaying woody substrata were collected from intertidal mangrove forests located in Trat, Prachuap Khiri Khan and Phetchaburi Provinces. A total of 99 fungal species was recorded. These included 84 Ascomycota (85%), two Basidiomycota (2%) and 13 asexual fungi (13%). The average percentage occurrence of the fungi recorded from each site ranged from 0.1% to 13.7%. Based on the percentage of samples in which a particular taxon was found, the most frequent fungi were
Tihonov theory and center manifolds for inhibitory mechanisms in enzyme kinetics
Authors: Bersani A. M. , Borri A. , Milanesi A. , Vellucci P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this paper we study the chemical reaction of inhibition, determine the appropriate parameter ε for the application of Tihonov's Theorem, compute explicitly the equations of the center manifold of the system and find sufficient conditions to guarantee that in the phase space the curves which relate the behavior of the complexes to the substrates by means of the tQSSA are asymptotically equivalent to the center manifold of the system. Some numerical results are discussed.
On strong well-posedness of initial-boundary value problems for higher order nonlinear hyperbolic equations with two independent variables
Authors: Kiguradze Tariel , Ben-Rabha Raja 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Problems with linear initial-boundary conditions for higher order nonlinear hyperbolic equations are investigated. The concept of strong well-posedness of an initial-boundary value problem is introduced, and conditions guaranteeing solvability and strong well-posedness of the problem under consideration are established.
Embedding theorems for Besov–Morrey spaces of many groups of variables
Authors: Najafov Alik M. , Kerbalayeva Rena E. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this paper we introduce a new function space

B

p
,
θ
,
a
,
ϰ
,
τ

〈
l
〉

⁢

(
s
,
G
)

{B_{p,\theta,a,\varkappa,\tau}^{\langle l\rangle}(s,G)}

with
parameters of many groups of variables of Besov–Morrey type. In view of
the embedding theorems we study some properties of the functions which
belong to these spaces.
Fault diagnosis of rotating machinery using wavelet-based feature extraction and support vector machine classifier
Authors: Tran Han , Noori Mohammad , Altabey Wael A. , Wu Xi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractModern machine tools with high speed machining capabilities could place rotating shafts, gears, and bearings under extreme thermal, static, and impact stresses, potentially increasing their failure rates. In this research, a gearbox damage detection strategy based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT), wavelet packet transform (WPT), support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural networks (ANN) is presented. Three case studies are conducted to compare the classification performance of SVM kernel functions and ANN. First, a fault detection analysis based on DWT and WPT is carried out to extract the damage information from the gearbox’s raw vibration signal. In this step, wavelet coefficients obtained from DWT are characterized using statistical calculations. Energy characteristics of the gearbox signal are acquired using WPT and their statistical characteristics are also computed. These three sets of information extracted from wavelet transforms are utilized as the input to SVM and ANN classifiers. Secondly, the improved distance evaluation technique (IDE) is implemented to select the sensitive input features for SVM and ANN. The penalty parameter C and kernel parameter γ in SVM are also optimized using the grid-search method. Finally, the optimized features and parameters are input into SVM and ANN algorithms to detect gearbox damage. The result shows that gearbox damage detection using energy characteristics extracted from WPT (Case 2) or their statistical values as input features (Case 3) to the learning algorithms produces higher classification accuracies than using statistical values of the DWT coefficients as inputs (Case 1). In addition, RBF-SVM has the best classification performance in Case 2 and 3 while Linear-SVM has the best classification accuracy rate in Case 1 in damage detection average.
Multiscale Galerkin methods for the nonstationary iterated Tikhonov method with a modified posteriori parameter selection
Authors: Luo Xingjun , Ouyang Zhaofu , Zeng Chunmei , Li Fanchun 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a fast multiscale Galerkin method with compression technique for solving Fredholm integral equations of the first kind via the nonstationary iterated Tikhonov regularization. A modified a posteriori regularization parameter choice strategy is established, which leads to optimal convergence rates.