bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Multidrug-Resistant
Cellulosimicrobium
sp. Strain KWT-B, Isolated from Feces of
Hirundo rustica
Authors: Kenzaka Takehiko , Ishimoto Yuina , Tani Katsuji 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Migratory birds have been postulated as potential spreaders of antibiotic resistance. Multidrug-resistant
Cellulosimicrobium
sp. strain KWT-B was isolated from the feces of
Hirundo rustica
. A draft genome sequence indicated that the strain harbors multidrug-resistant transporters, multidrug efflux pumps, a vancomycin-resistant protein, and metallo-beta-lactamases.
Children with life-limiting conditions in paediatric intensive care units: a national cohort, data linkage study
Authors: Fraser Lorna K , Parslow Roger 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveTo determine how many children are admitted to paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with life-limiting conditions (LLCs) and their outcomes.DesignNational cohort, data-linkage study.SettingPICUs in England.PatientsChildren admitted to a UK PICU (1 January 2004 and 31 March 2015) were identified in the Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network dataset. Linkage to hospital episodes statistics enabled identification of children with a LLC using an International Classification of Diseases (ICD10) code list.Main outcome measuresRandom-effects logistic regression was undertaken to assess risk of death in PICU. Flexible parametric survival modelling was used to assess survival in the year after discharge.ResultsOverall, 57.6% (n=89 127) of PICU admissions and 72.90% (n=4821) of deaths in PICU were for an individual with a LLC.The crude mortality rate in PICU was 5.4% for those with a LLC and 2.7% of those without a LLC. In the fully adjusted model, children with a LLC were 75% more likely than those without a LLC to die in PICU (OR 1.75 (95% CI 1.64 to 1.87)).Although overall survival to 1 year postdischarge was 96%, children with a LLC were 2.5 times more likely to die in that year than children without a LLC (OR 2.59 (95% CI 2.47 to 2.71)).ConclusionsChildren with a LLC accounted for a large proportion of the PICU population. There is an opportunity to integrate specialist paediatric palliative care services with paediatric critical care to enable choice around place of care for these children and families.
Leucocytoclastic vasculitis following influenza vaccination
Authors: Cao Sissi , Sun Dongmei 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundInfluenza vaccinations are commonly administered and effectively prevent influenza. Most vaccine reactions are mild and self-limiting with few reported cases of vasculitis. We present a case of vasculitis post-vaccination unique for its dramatic visual presentation and rapid response to treatment with the aim to emphasise possible causation and timely treatment.Case presentationThis is a case of a 60-year-old man with chronic idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, with fever, arthralgias and rash characterised by extensive erythematous plaques on his limbs and trunk 5â€‰days after influenza vaccination. Skin biopsy revealed leucocytoclastic vasculitis. Rash and symptoms resolved 10 days after initiating treatment with oral prednisone.ConclusionsInfluenza vaccines can potentially precipitate cutaneous vasculitis, and timely treatment reduces morbidity in the elderly.
Periconception endogenous and exogenous maternal sex steroid hormones and risk of asthma and allergy in offspring: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Talovic Merhunisa , Sheikh Aziz , McCleary Nicola , Erkkola Maijaliisa , Kaila Minna , Virtanen Suvi M , Nwaru Bright I 
Published: July 2017

IntroductionPregnancy is associated with several hormonal changes which influence the developing fetus. Variations in maternal endogenous hormones and prepregnancy use of hormonal preparations have been linked to asthma and allergy in the offspring, but findings are inconsistent. We plan to undertake a systematic review to synthesise the evidence on the association between endogenous and exogenous maternal sex hormones and the risk of asthma and allergy in the offspring.Methods and analysisWe will search Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Institute of Scientific Information Web of Science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, Scopus, Google Scholar, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Global Health, Psychological Information (PsycINFO), Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience (CAB) International and WHO Global Health Library from inception until 2016 to identify relevant studies on the topic. Additional studies will be identified by searching databases of proceedings of international conferences, contacting international experts in the field and searching the references cited in identified studies. We will include analytical epidemiological studies. Two researchers will independently screen identified studies, undertake data extraction and assess risk of bias in eligible studies, while a third reviewer will arbitrate any disagreement. We will use the Effective Public Health Practice Project tool to assess the risk of bias in the studies. We will perform a random-effects meta-analysis to synthesise the evidence. We will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to rate the strength and quality of the overall evidence with respect to each outcome.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required since the study is a systematic review of published literature. Our findings will be reported in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016048324
Evaluation of the geriatric co-management for patients with fragility fractures of the proximal femur (Geriatric Fracture Centre (GFC) concept): protocol for a prospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Joeris Alexander , Hurtado-Chong Anahí , Hess Denise , Kalampoki Vasiliki , Blauth Michael 
Published: July 2017

IntroductionTreatment of fractures in the elderly population is a clinical challenge due partly to the presence of comorbidities. In a Geriatric Fracture Centre (GFC), patients are co-managed by a geriatrician in an attempt to improve clinical outcomes and reduce morbidity and mortality. Until now the beneficial effect of orthogeriatric co-management has not been definitively proven. The primary objective of this study is to determine the effect of GFC on predefined major adverse events related to a hip fracture compared to usual care centres (UCC). The secondary objectives include assessments in quality of life, patient-reported outcomes and cost-effectiveness.Methods and analysisTwo hundred and sixty-six elderly patients diagnosedwith hip fracture and planned to be treated with osteosynthesis or endoprosthesis in either a GFC or UCC study site will be recruited, 133 per type of centre. All procedures and management will be done according to the site's standard of care. Study-related visits will be performed at the following time points: preoperative, intraoperative, discharge from the orthopaedic/trauma department, discharge to definite residential status, 12 weeks and 12 months postsurgery. Data collected include demographics, residential status, adverse events, patient-reported outcomes, fall history, costs and resources related to treatment. The risk of major adverse events at 12 months will be calculated for each centre type; patient-reported outcomes will be analysed by mixed effects regression models to estimate differences in mean scores between baseline and follow-ups whereas cost-effectiveness will be assessed using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for this study was granted from the local Ethics Committees or Institutional Review Board from each of the participating sites prior to patient enrolment. The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at different conferences.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02297581; pre-results.
Improving site selection in clinical studies: a standardised, objective, multistep method and first experience results
Authors: Hurtado-Chong Anahí , Joeris Alexander , Hess Denise , Blauth Michael 
Published: July 2017

IntroductionA considerable number of clinical studies experience delays, which result in increased duration and costs. In multicentre studies, patient recruitment is among the leading causes of delays. Poor site selection can result in low recruitment and bad data quality. Site selection is therefore crucial for study quality and completion, but currently no specific guidelines are available.Material and methodsSelection of sites adequate to participate in a prospective multicentre cohort study was performed through an open call using a newly developed objective multistep approach. The method is based on use of a network, definition of objective criteria and a systematic screening process.Illustrative example of the method at workOut of 266 interested sites, 24 were shortlisted and finally 12 sites were selected to participate in the study. The steps in the process included an open call through a network, use of selection questionnaires tailored to the study, evaluation of responses using objective criteria and scripted telephone interviews. At each step, the number of candidate sites was quickly reduced leaving only the most promising candidates. Recruitment and quality of data went according to expectations in spite of the contracting problems faced with some sites.ConclusionThe results of our first experience with a standardised and objective method of site selection are encouraging. The site selection method described here can serve as a guideline for other researchers performing multicentre studies.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02297581.
PREDICT-CP: study protocol of implementation of comprehensive surveillance to predict outcomes for school-aged children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Boyd Roslyn N , Davies Peter SW , Ziviani Jenny , Trost Stewart , Barber Lee , Ware Robert , Rose Stephen , Whittingham Koa , Sakzewski Leanne , Bell Kristie , Carty Christopher , Obst Steven , Benfer Katherine , Reedman Sarah , Edwards Priya , Kentish Megan , Copeland Lisa , Weir Kelly , Davenport Camilla , Brooks Denise , Coulthard Alan , Pelekanos Rebecca , Guzzetta Andrea , Fiori Simona , Wynter Meredith , Finn Christine , Burgess Andrea , Morris Kym , Walsh John , Lloyd Owen , Whitty Jennifer A , Scuffham Paul A 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesCerebral palsy (CP) remains the world’s most common childhood physical disability with total annual costs of care and lost well-being of $A3.87b. The PREDICT-CP (NHMRC 1077257 Partnership Project: Comprehensive surveillance to PREDICT outcomes for school age children with CP) study will investigate the influence of brain structure, body composition, dietary intake, oropharyngeal function, habitual physical activity, musculoskeletal development (hip status, bone health) and muscle performance on motor attainment, cognition, executive function, communication, participation, quality of life and related health resource use costs. The PREDICT-CP cohort provides further follow-up at 8–12 years of two overlapping preschool-age cohorts examined from 1.5 to 5 years (NHMRC 465128 motor and brain development; NHMRC 569605 growth, nutrition and physical activity).Methods and analysesThis population-based cohort study undertakes state-wide surveillance of 245 children with CP born in Queensland (birth years 2006–2009). Children will be classified for Gross Motor Function Classification System; Manual Ability Classification System, Communication Function Classification System and Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System. Outcomes include gross motor function, musculoskeletal development (hip displacement, spasticity, muscle contracture), upper limb function, communication difficulties, oropharyngeal dysphagia, dietary intake and body composition, participation, parent-reported and child-reported quality of life and medical and allied health resource use. These detailed phenotypical data will be compared with brain macrostructure and microstructure using 3 Tesla MRI (3T MRI). Relationships between brain lesion severity and outcomes will be analysed using multilevel mixed-effects models.Ethics and disseminationThe PREDICT-CP protocol is a prospectively registered and ethically accepted study protocol. The study combines data at 1.5–5 then 8–12 years of direct clinical assessment to enable prediction of outcomes and healthcare needs essential for tailoring interventions (eg, rehabilitation, orthopaedic surgery and nutritional supplements) and the projected healthcare utilisation.Trial registration numberACTRN: 12616001488493
Does neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predict 1-year mortality in patients with primary biliary cholangitis? Results from a retrospective study with validation cohort
Authors: Lin Lin , Piao Meiyu , Jiang Xihui , Lv Houning , Zhao Ningning , Yang Fang , Sun Chao 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been used to predict prognosis in various liver diseases, but its role in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is not clarified. We aimed to investigate the prognostic usefulness of NLR for 1-year mortality in PBC.MethodsThe study recruited a retrospective cohort with 88 patients with PBC and a prospective validation cohort with 63 participants who were followed-up for 1 year. NLR and other laboratory measurements were analysed by multivariate regression model for identifying independent factors for early mortality. The cut-off threshold of NLR was determined by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) and used in a subsequent Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.ResultsUnivariate and multivariate analyses showed that Mayo Risk Score (MRS), serum creatinine and NLR were independent indicators for mortality. NLR yielded significantly higher AUROC (0.86) than those of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (0.58, p=0.03), but comparable with MRS (0.87, p=0.88). Spearman’s correlation analysis represented a positive correlation between escalating NLR and aggravating Child-Pugh grade (r=0.44, p<0.001). Patients with NLR <2.18 exhibited higher survival (with 100% sensitivity and 67.1% specificity) within 1 year follow-up duration, and NLR ≥2.18 was indicative of higher mortality (log-rank test, p<0.001). In addition, these results were internally confirmed by a validation cohort.ConclusionNLR is closely related to short-term mortality in patients with PBC.
Changes in psychosocial and physical working conditions and psychotropic medication in ageing public sector employees: a record-linkage follow-up study
Authors: Kouvonen Anne , Mänty Minna , Lallukka Tea , Pietiläinen Olli , Lahelma Eero , Rahkonen Ossi 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo investigate whether changes in psychosocial and physical working conditions are associated with subsequent psychotropic medication in ageing employees.MethodsData were from the Helsinki Health Study, a cohort study of Finnish municipal employees, aged 40–60 years at phase 1 (2000–2002). Changes in psychosocial and physical working conditions were measured between phase 1 and phase 2 (2007). Survey data were longitudinally linked to data on prescribed, reimbursed psychotropic medication purchases (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) obtained from the registers of the Social Insurance Institution of Finland between the phase 2 survey and December 2013 (N=3587; 80% women). Outcomes were any psychotropic medication; antidepressants (N06A); anxiolytics (N05B); and sedatives and hypnotics (N05C). Cox regression analyses were performed.ResultsDuring the follow-up, 28% of the participants were prescribed psychotropic medication. Repeated exposures to low job control, high job demands and high physical work load were associated with an increased risk of subsequent antidepressant and anxiolytic medication. Increased and repeated exposure to high physical work load, increased job control and repeated high job demands were associated with subsequent sedative and hypnotic medication. Age and sex-adjusted HR varied from 1.18 to 1.66. Improvement in job control was associated with a lower risk of anxiolytic, but with a higher risk of sedatives and hypnotic medication. Decreased physical work load was associated with a lower risk of antidepressant and anxiolytic medications.ConclusionImprovement in working conditions could lower the risk of mental ill-health indicated by psychotropic medication.
Medical service use and usual care of common shoulder disorders in Korea: a cross-sectional study using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service National Patient Sample
Authors: Joo Hwansoo , Lee Yoon Jae , Shin Joon-Shik , Lee Jinho , Kim Me-riong , Koh Wonil , Park Yeoncheol , Song Yun Kyung , Cho Jae-Heung , Ha In-Hyuk 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesThis study examined National Health Insurance claims data to investigate the epidemiology of shoulder disorders in Korea. Detailed information on medical services and related costs was assessed by major shoulder disorder category.Design and settingThe 2014 National Patient Sample dataset provided by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service was analysed. Among shoulder-related diagnosis codes, adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (ACS), rotator cuff syndrome (RCS) and shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) categories were of highest prevalence. Sociodemographic characteristics and medical service use, frequency and medical costs regarding common shoulder disorders were evaluated.ResultsThe majority of patients with shoulder disorder received ambulatory care (97%). Total and per-patient expenses were highest in patients with RCS. The number of inpatients with RCS was more than twice that of the other two groups, and patients with RCS were more likely to receive surgical management compared with patients with ACS and SIS. Prevalence of shoulder disorders was highest among subjects in their 50s for all three groups. Primary care physicians treated 75.80% of patients with ACS, 56.99% of patients with RCS and 48.06% of patients with SIS, respectively, outlining the difference in medical institution usage patterns. In all three groups, the highest proportion of patients visited orthopaedic surgeons out of medical departments. In the ACS and SIS groups, cost of visits (consultations) took up the largest part of total expenses at 32.30% and 18.88%, respectively, while cost of procedure/surgery constituted the largest portion in patients with RCS (37.77%). The usage proportion of subcutaneous or intramuscular and intra-articular injections ranged between 20% and 30% for outpatients in all three groups.ConclusionsMedical service use, frequency and cost distributions relating to major shoulder disorders in Korea were assessed using nationwide claims data. These findings are expected to aid policy-makers as well as researchers and practitioners as basic healthcare data.
Can enhanced screening of men with a history of prior syphilis infection stem the epidemic in men who have sex with men? A mathematical modelling study
Authors: Tuite Ashleigh R , Shaw Souradet , Reimer Joss N , Ross Craig P , Fisman David N , Mishra Sharmistha 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to determine the transmission impact of using prior syphilis infection to guide a focused syphilis screening intervention among men who have sex with men (MSM).MethodsWe parameterised a deterministic model of syphilis transmission in MSM to reflect the 2011–2015 syphilis outbreak in Winnipeg, Canada. Enhanced screening of 75% of men with prior syphilis every 3 months (A) was compared with distributing equivalent number tests to all MSM (B) or those with the highest partner number (C). We compared early syphilis incidence, diagnoses and prevalence after 10 years, relative to a base case of 30% of MSM screened annually.ResultsStrategy A was expected to avert 52% of incident infections, 44% of diagnosed cases and reduce early syphilis prevalence by 89%. Strategy B had the least impact. Strategy C was most effective, averting 59% of incident cases. When screening frequency was semiannual or annual, strategy A was the most effective.ConclusionsEnhanced screening of MSM with prior syphilis may efficiently reduce transmission, especially when identification of high-risk men via self-reported partner numbers or high-frequency screening is difficult to achieve.
Evaluation of strategies to communicate harmful and potentially harmful constituent (HPHC) information through cigarette package inserts: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Salloum Ramzi G , Louviere Jordan J , Getz Kayla R , Islam Farahnaz , Anshari Dien , Cho Yoojin , O’Connor Richard J , Hammond David , Thrasher James F 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundThe US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has regulatory authority to use inserts to communicate with consumers about harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) in tobacco products; however, little is known about the most effective manner for presenting HPHC information.MethodsIn a discrete choice experiment, participants evaluated eight choice sets, each of which showed two cigarette packages from four different brands and tar levels (high vs low), accompanied by an insert that included between-subject manipulations (ie, listing of HPHCs vs grouping by disease outcome and numeric values ascribed to HPHCs vs no numbers) and within-subject manipulations (ie, 1 of 4 warning topics; statement linking an HPHC with disease vs statement with no HPHC link). For each choice set, participants were asked: (1) which package is more harmful and (2) which motivates them to not smoke; each with a ’no difference' option. Alternative-specific logit models regressed choice on attribute levels.Results1212 participants were recruited from an online consumer panel (725 18–29-year-old smokers and susceptible non-smokers and 487 30–64-year-old smokers). Participants were more likely to endorse high-tar products as more harmful than low-tar products, with a greater effect when numeric HPHC information was present. Compared with a simple warning statement, the statement linking HPHCs with disease encouraged quit motivation.ConclusionsNumeric HPHC information on inserts appears to produce misunderstandings that some cigarettes are less harmful than others. Furthermore, brief narratives that link HPHCs to smoking-related disease may promote cessation versus communications that do not explicitly link HPHCs to disease.