bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work-based learning for the creative industries
Authors: Riley Tim 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the knowledge and insight gained building a work-based learning (WBL) degree apprenticeship developed through the Higher Education Funding Council for England Catalyst Fund. Requirements of the funding stipulated that, in addition to work WBL provision, the course should be offered as a two-year fast-track. This was required to help reduce the increased financial burden placed on students, which arose from the substantial rise in HE tuition fees sanctioned by the UK Coalition Government in 2010.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents a case study detailing the advantages and pitfalls of integrating WBL into fledgling but rapidly expanding creative industries, such as web media production and social media. The development and composition of WBL model was adapted from an existing and successful three year, traditionally structured, BA (Hons) web media production course. It adopted a model whereby partnerships between external organisations and educational institutions are established through a contractual agreement.

Findings
Growth of the web media sector, while rapid, is still embryonic. Consequently many employers, particularly in social media, remain small or micro businesses, many capable of only employing one student. This caused several accumulative and administrative and issues along with funding implications. While for many micro businesses the WBL model was appealing by provided employers with an appropriately skilled workforce that addressed the technical and digital skills gap, government funding and partnership initiatives proved to be more directly suitable for larger businesses.

Originality/value
The author considers the case study to be a distinctive insight into the development of creative and vocationally orientated subjects. The paper examines degree apprenticeships and WBL from the perspective of creative industries employer partnerships, particularly in the area of web and social media micro businesses. These are crucial areas for expansion as higher-level degree apprenticeships are rolled out in the UK.
Field of study choice: using conjoint analysis and clustering
Authors: Shtudiner Ze’ev , Zwilling Moti , Kantor Jeffrey 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to measure student’s preferences regarding various attributes that affect their decision process while choosing a higher education area of study.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper exhibits two different models which shed light on the perceived value of each examined area of study: conjoint analysis and clustering k-means algorithm.

Findings
The findings of the used methods exhibit not only which of the attributes have the greatest influence on students’ decision-making process, but also shed light on which types of study areas are most preferred by respondents.

Originality/value
The paper addresses a new view on students’ definition of higher education when adding the choice of selecting the “proper” area of study to one’s profile.
Confessions of sex offenders: extracting offender and victim profiles for investigative interviewing
Authors: Beauregard Eric , Busina Irina , Healey Jay 
Published: January 2017

PurposeAlthough offender profiling has been cited as an effective tool to interview suspects, empirical profiling methods have completely excluded interviewing suggestions when testing the validity of this technique. The purpose of this paper is to explore the utility of empirically derived profiles of offender- and victim-related sexual assault case characteristics (n=624) in the preparation of the interrogation strategies in sexual assault investigations.Design/methodology/approachLatent class analysis was used to extract profiles of offender- and victim-related sexual assault case characteristics in a sample of 624 incarcerated sex offenders. Moreover, relationships between offender and victim profiles were conducted using χ2analyses.FindingsFindings show that specific offender-victim profiles are related to greater likelihood of confession during the interrogation. Possible interrogation strategies for each profile are suggested and implications for the practice of interviewing suspects are discussed.Originality/valueThe study is the first to examine both victim and offender profiles in order to assess the significant victim-offender profile combinations and their associated probabilities of resulting in confession.
Reproductive success is driven by local site fidelity despite stronger specialisation by individuals for large‐scale habitat preference
Authors: Patrick Samantha Clare , Weimerskirch Henri 
Published: January 2017

Summary

There is widespread evidence that within populations, specialists and generalists can coexist and this is particularly prevalent in marine ecosystems, where foraging specialisations are evident.

While individuals may limit niche overlap by consistently foraging in specific areas, site fidelity may also emerge as an artefact of habitat choice, but both drivers and fitness consequences of site fidelity are poorly understood.

Here, we examine an individual metric of site and habitat fidelity, using tracking data collected over 11 years for black‐browed albatrosses (Thalassarche melanophris). Fidelity was calculated as the similarity between pairs of foraging zones, quantifying measures for within and between years. Foraging areas were identified using area‐restricted search, defined as periods during which birds decrease speed and increase turning.

Our results demonstrate that birds were considerably more specialised in the habitat in which they forage than the exact location they use within years, and there was a similar pattern between years. However, despite this, it was site fidelity that explained reproductive success. Within a single year, females which were more faithful to a specific location had higher reproductive success than non‐specialists, and between years there was a tendency for both sexes.

Our results suggest that black‐browed albatrosses are highly faithful in their foraging habitat but it is rather site fidelity that is more clearly associated with reproductive success.
Land‐use type and intensity differentially filter traits in above‐ and below‐ground arthropod communities
Authors: Birkhofer Klaus , Gossner Martin M. , Diekötter Tim , Drees Claudia , Ferlian Olga , Maraun Mark , Scheu Stefan , Weisser Wolfgang W. , Wolters Volkmar , Wurst Susanne , Zaitsev Andrey S. , Smith Henrik G. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryAlong with the global decline of species richness goes a loss of ecological traits. Associated biotic homogenization of animal communities and narrowing of trait diversity threaten ecosystem functioning and human well‐being. High management intensity is regarded as an important ecological filter, eliminating species that lack suitable adaptations. Below‐ground arthropods are assumed to be less sensitive to such effects than above‐ground arthropods.Here, we compared the impact of management intensity between (grassland vs. forest) and within land‐use types (local management intensity) on the trait diversity and composition in below‐ and above‐ground arthropod communities.We used data on 722 arthropod species living above‐ground (Auchenorrhyncha and Heteroptera), primarily in soil (Chilopoda and Oribatida) or at the interface (Araneae and Carabidae).Our results show that trait diversity of arthropod communities is not primarily reduced by intense local land use, but is rather affected by differences between land‐use types. Communities of Auchenorrhyncha and Chilopoda had significantly lower trait diversity in grassland habitats as compared to forests. Carabidae showed the opposite pattern with higher trait diversity in grasslands. Grasslands had a lower proportion of large Auchenorrhyncha and Carabidae individuals, whereas Chilopoda and Heteroptera individuals were larger in grasslands. Body size decreased with land‐use intensity across taxa, but only in grasslands. The proportion of individuals with low mobility declined with land‐use intensity in Araneae and Auchenorrhyncha, but increased in Chilopoda and grassland Heteroptera. The proportion of carnivorous individuals increased with land‐use intensity in Heteroptera in forests and in Oribatida and Carabidae in grasslands.Our results suggest that gradients in management intensity across land‐use types will not generally reduce trait diversity in multiple taxa, but will exert strong trait filtering within individual taxa. The observed patterns for trait filtering in individual taxa are not related to major classifications into above‐ and below‐ground species. Instead, ecologically different taxa resembled each other in their trait diversity and compositional responses to land‐use differences. These previously undescribed patterns offer an opportunity to develop management strategies for the conservation of trait diversity across taxonomic groups in permanent grassland and forest habitats.
Interacting livestock and fire may both threaten and increase viability of a fire‐adapted Mediterranean carnivorous plant
Authors: Paniw Maria , Quintana‐Ascencio Pedro F. , Ojeda Fernando , Salguero‐Gómez Roberto 
Published: January 2017

Summary

Quantifying interactive effects of environmental drivers on population dynamics can be critical for a robust analysis of population viability. Fire regimes, among the most widespread disturbances driving population dynamics, are increasingly modified by and interact with human activities. However, viability of fire‐adapted species is typically assessed overlooking disturbance interactions, potentially resulting in suboptimal management actions.

We investigated whether increasing human disturbances in fire‐prone ecosystems may pose a threat or an opportunity to improve population viability, using demographic data of the carnivorous, post‐fire recruiting plant Drosophyllum lusitanicum, endemic to heathlands in the southwestern Mediterranean Basin. We built integral projection models and simulated population dynamics under different combinations of two key disturbance types affecting populations: fire and livestock browsing and trampling. We used perturbation analyses to determine potential long‐term consequences of maintaining fundamentally different disturbance types.

Despite most populations inhabiting browsed habitats, simulations showed a greater extinction risk in populations under high livestock pressure compared with ones under low or moderate pressures. Extinction risk decreased when fire return intervals shortened in populations under low or moderate livestock pressure; however, the opposite pattern emerged in heavily browsed populations, where short intervals between fires increased extinction.

Elasticity analyses showed that decreases in viability under frequent disturbance interactions (heavy browsing and frequent fire) may be explained by selection against seed dormancy in populations with frequent browsing and trampling. This may potentially cause populations to collapse when fires kill above‐ground plants without populations being able to recover from a seed bank.

Synthesis and applications. Incorporating disturbance interactions can result in a different assessment of viability of a fire‐adapted species than considering fire regimes alone. In Mediterranean ecosystems, fire management may be more effective when integrating moderate human activities. However, replacing fires by human disturbances, a currently widespread strategy in many fire‐prone ecosystems, is not recommended since it may fundamentally alter population dynamics and selection pressures and decrease viability of fire‐adapted species.
Intercollegiate conversations: Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists
Authors: Lee Victor , Graham Ian S 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn the first of a series of online interviews with other Australian and New Zealand Specialty Colleges about the developments and shared challenges with implementing competency‐based medical education, I spoke with the current Dean of Education at the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, Dr Ian Graham. Dr Graham is not an anaesthetist. He is a Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Medical Administrators, educator and consultant in health management. He was appointed into the role of part‐time Dean of Education at the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists in August 2014. The interview was conducted in person on 13 April 2016 at Austin Hospital in Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, and subsequent changes were made to the manuscript through email by Dr Graham on 28 August 2016.
Case–control study to investigate variables associated with incidents and adverse events in the emergency department
Authors: Hendrie Jamie , Yeoh Michael , Richardson Jo , Blunt Andrew , Davey Peter , Taylor David , Ugoni Antony 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo detect and analyse incidents (Is) and adverse events (AEs) in the ED. We hypothesised that I/AE are associated with patient load.MethodsWe undertook a case–control study in a tertiary level hospital ED (from 1 April 2012 to 31 March 2013). Three percent of patients were randomly selected and screened for I/AEs. I/AEs were adjudicated by consensus of four FACEMs. Controls were matched to cases 2:1. Logistic regression was used to analyse the data.ResultsWe sampled 2167 patients. After exclusions, 217 I/AEs were detected and analysed. The I and AE rates were 6.0 and 4.1%, respectively. The serious AE rate was 0.8% and 30 day mortality was 0.1%. Diagnostic error occurred in 3.7% of all patients and adverse drug reactions in 2.5%. Seventy‐seven percent of the I/AEs were judged preventable. ED occupancy of <35 patients was the reference group. Compared with this group, if 36–40 or 41–45 patients were in the ED, I/AEs were more likely to occur (odds ratio [OR] 2.37 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40–4.01, P < 0.0] and 1.8 [95% CI 1.03–3.15, P = 0.04], respectively) but not when there were >46 patients (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–3.1). Higher hospital occupancy (90–99%) was a protective factor for sustaining an I/AE (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35–0.92, P = 0.02).ConclusionI/AEs are common in the ED and a large proportion is preventable. Strategies for prevention are required. The relationship with patient load needs further clarification, since our data suggests increased I/AE rates with higher occupancy but not highest occupancy.
Online training introduces a novel approach to the Dietetic Care Process documentation
Authors: Rachman‐Elbaum Shelly , Stark Aliza H. , Kachal Josefa , Johnson Teresa , Porat‐Katz Bat Sheva 
Published: January 2017

AimNutrition professionals in Israel are developing a system to document the Dietetic Care Process (DCP) tailored for specific patient sectors and compliant with national health guidelines. The ultimate goal is to achieve uniform documentation and improve nutrition care. Israeli dietetic practitioners work in specific patient sectors; therefore, a patient population‐specific reporting system is proposed instead of the typical singular format applied across all patient populations. The purpose of this project was to evaluate learning outcomes and attitudes among registered dietitians (RDs) after online training of a novel DCP documentation system.MethodsA total of 80 Israeli RDs working in geriatric practice completed an eight‐week online educational program learning documentation that is compatible for use with electronic health records and compliant with Israeli standards of practice. A paired sample t‐test and McNemar test were used to analyse pre‐ to post‐test performance, while Pearson's r, point‐biserial, Spearman's and ANOVA were used to assess relationships among variables.ResultsPost‐test knowledge scores increased significantly, t
(67) = ‐9.007, P = 0.000; 95% CI (−26.713, −17.019). Age, education, geographic location and previous experience with online courses were not correlated with academic performance, suggesting that demographic characteristics did not impact training. Overall, RDs (>80%) responded positively to the training model and were highly interested in future proficiency online learning opportunities (98%).ConclusionsA sectoral DCP online training program significantly improved knowledge and was rated favourably by Israeli RDs. DCP training for clinical practitioners may be optimised when standardised nutrition care and reporting systems are adapted to specific patient populations.
Evaluation of the Cellular and Animal Models for the Study of Antioxidant Activity: A Review
Authors: Zhang Huijuan , Yin Meng , Huang Lianyan , Wang Jing , Gong Lingxiao , Liu Jie , Sun Baoguo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe mechanisms of antioxidant activities of phytochemicals are highly complex, so various methods to study them have been developed. However, the diverse available methods show inconsistent results. Different stressors, cell models, and animal models have been used to evaluate the antioxidant properties of phytochemicals. However, the literature still lacks a summary of the effects of different stressors, cell models, and animal models on the evaluation of antioxidant activities. Therefore, the mechanisms of action of different oxidative stimuli and the characteristics of the available cell models and animal models are summarized in this review.
The impact of TPP and RCEP on tea exports from Vietnam: the case of tariff elimination and pesticide policy cooperation
Authors: Xiong Bo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRegional trade agreements are the dominant arrangement for economic integration. What does a dual membership mean for countries participating in multiple regional negotiations? We address the question from the perspective of tea exporters in Vietnam, a member of both the Trans‐Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Focusing on the removal of tariffs and the cooperation on pesticide residue standards, we find that the TPP agreement will raise Vietnam's tea exports by about $4 million a year if TPP endorses Codex standards. However, Vietnamese tea exports will decline if TPP endorses American standards, unless sufficient technical assistance is provided. After the RCEP agreement takes effect, tea exporters from China and India will further penetrate the TPP markets by re‐exporting from Vietnam.
Food versus fuel: examining tradeoffs in the allocation of biomass energy sources to domestic and productive uses in Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Dawit , Bryan Elizabeth , Alemu Tekie , Ringler Claudia 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRural households in Ethiopia have limited options to meet their domestic energy needs because they lack access to modern fuels and technologies. Domestic use of certain fuel sources, such as cow dung, can hinder agricultural outcomes and productivity. This article explores the tradeoffs between domestic and productive uses of biomass energy sources in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia using a nonseparable farm household model where labor allocation to energy collection and farming are analyzed simultaneously. We estimate a system of five structural equations using three‐stage least squares and find that the use of dung as a domestic fuel source has negative implications for the value of harvested crops, while use of on‐farm fuelwood is associated with increased value of agricultural output. On‐farm production of fuelwood appears to increase the value of crop output and provide labor savings, by making fuelwood collection more convenient for households. Policy interventions to support the expansion of agroforestry and increase access to new energy‐efficient technologies are needed to ensure that agricultural productivity can be both increased and sustained.
Review: Environmental influences on alcohol use: Informing research on the joint effects of genes and the environment in diverse U.S. populations
Authors: Chartier Karen G. , Karriker‐Jaffe Katherine J. , Cummings Cory R. , Kendler Kenneth S. 
Published: January 2017

Background and ObjectivesThis review aimed to inform the current state of alcohol research on the joint effects of genes and the environment conducted in U.S. racial/ethnic minority populations, focusing on African Americans, Latinos/Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians.MethodsA key‐word and author‐based search was conducted and supplemented with direct contact to researchers in this area to ensure a comprehensive inclusion of published, peer‐reviewed studies. These studies were considered in terms of the racial/ethnic population groups, phenotypes, genetic variants, and environmental influences covered. Research findings from alcohol epidemiologic studies were highlighted to introduce some potential environmental variables for future studies of gene and environment (G–E) relationships.ResultsTwenty‐six (N = 26) studies were reviewed. They predominantly involved African American and Asian samples and had a very limited focus on Latinos/Hispanics and American Indians. There was a wide range of alcohol‐related phenotypes examined, and studies almost exclusively used a candidate gene approach. Environmental influences focused on the most proximate social network relationships with family and peers. There was far less examination of community‐ and societal‐level environmental influences on drinking. Epidemiologic studies informing the selection of potential environmental factors at these higher order levels suggest inclusion of indicators of drinking norms, alcohol availability, socioeconomic disadvantage, and unfair treatment.ConclusionsThe review of current literature identified a critical gap in the study of environments: There is the need to study exposures at community and societal levels.Scientific SignificanceThese initial studies provide an important foundation for evolving the dialogue and generating other investigations of G–E relationships in diverse racial/ethnic groups. (Am J Addict 2017;26:446–460)
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance‐GUIDEd management of mild to moderate left ventricular systolic dysfunction (CMR GUIDE): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Selvanayagam Joseph B. , Hartshorne Trent , Billot Laurent , Grover Suchi , Hillis Graham S. , Jung Werner , Krum Henry , Prasad Sanjay , McGavigan Andrew D. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundThe majority of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with heart failure occurs in those with mild‐moderate left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (LVEF 36–50%) who under current guidelines are ineligible for primary prevention implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) therapy. Recent data suggest that cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) evidence of replacement fibrosis forms a substrate for malignant arrhythmia and therefore potentially identifies a subgroup at increased risk of SCD. Our hypothesis is that among patients with mild‐moderate LV systolic dysfunction, a CMR‐guided management strategy for ICD insertion based on the presence of scar or fibrosis is superior to a current strategy of standard care.Methods/DesignCMR GUIDE is a prospective, multicenter randomized control trial enrolling patients with mild‐moderate LV systolic dysfunction and CMR evidence of fibrosis on optimal heart failure therapy. Participants will be randomized to receive either a primary prevention ICD or an implantable loop recorder (ILR). The primary endpoint is the time to SCD or hemodynamically significant ventricular arrhythmia (VF or VT) during an average 4‐year follow‐up. Secondary endpoints include quality of life assessed by Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, heart failure related hospitalizations, and a cost‐utility analysis. Clinical trials.gov identifier NCT01918215.DiscussionCMR GUIDE trial will add substantially to our understanding of the role of myocardial fibrosis and the risk of developing life‐threatening ventricular arrhythmias. If the superiority of a CMR‐guided approach over standard care is proven, it may change international clinical guidelines, with the potential to considerably increase survival in this growing patient population.