bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon Dioxide‐Controlled Assembly of Water‐Soluble Conjugated Polymers Catalyzed by Carbonic Anhydrase
Authors: Yuan Hongbo , Xing Chengfen , Fan Yibing , Chai Ran , Niu Ruimin , Zhan Yong , Peng Fei , Qi Junjie 
Published: January 2017

The CO2‐responsive and biocatalytic assembly based on conjugated polymers has been demonstrated by combining the signal amplification property of the polythiophene derivative (PTP) and the catalytic actions of carbonic anhydrase (CA). CO2 is applied as a new trigger mode to construct the smart assembly by controlling the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the PTP molecules in aqueous solution, leading to the visible fluorescence changes. Importantly, the assembly transformation of PTP can be specifically and highly accelerated by CA based on the efficient catalytic activity of CA for the inter‐conversion between CO2 and HCO3−, mimicking the CO2‐associated biological processes that occurred naturally in living organisms. Moreover, the PTP‐based assembly can be applied for biomimetic CO2 sequestration with fluorescence monitoring in the presence of CA and calcium.
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Long‐term dietary supplementation with low‐dose nobiletin ameliorates hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and inflammation without altering fat mass in diet‐induced obesity
Authors: Kim Young‐Je , Choi Myung‐Sook , Woo Je Tae , Jeong Mi Ji , Kim Sang Ryong , Jung Un Ju 
Published: January 2017

ScopeWe evaluated the long‐term effect of low‐dose nobiletin (NOB), a polymethoxylated flavone, on diet‐induced obesity and related metabolic disturbances.Methods and resultsC57BL/6J mice were fed a high‐fat diet (HFD, 45 kcal% fat) with or without NOB (0.02%, w/w) for 16 weeks. NOB did not alter food intake or body weight. Despite increases in fatty acid oxidation‐related genes expression and enzymes activity in adipose tissue, NOB did not affect adipose tissue weight due to simultaneous increases in lipogenic genes expression and fatty acid synthase activity. However, NOB significantly decreased not only pro‐inflammatory genes expression in adipose tissue but also proinflammatory cytokine levels in plasma. NOB‐supplemented mice also showed improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, along with decreased levels of plasma insulin, free fatty acids, total cholesterol, non‐HDL‐cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B. In addition, NOB caused significant decreases in hepatic lipid droplet accumulation and triglyceride content by activating hepatic fatty acid oxidation‐related enzymes. Hepatic proinflammatory TNF‐α mRNA expression, collagen accumulation, and plasma levels of aminotransferases, liver damage indicators, were also significantly lower in NOB‐supplemented mice.ConclusionThese findings suggest that long‐term supplementation with low‐dose NOB can protect against HFD‐induced inflammation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, without ameliorating adiposity.
Brown adipose tissue does not seem to mediate metabolic adaptation to overfeeding in men
Authors: Peterson Courtney M. , Orooji Mahdi , Johnson Deanna N. , Naraghi‐Pour Mort , Ravussin Eric 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveBrown adipose tissue (BAT) generates heat in response to cold, and low BAT activity has been linked to obesity. However, recent studies were inconclusive as to whether BAT is involved in diet‐induced thermogenesis and mitigates weight gain from prolonged overeating. Therefore, this study investigated whether BAT activity is related to metabolic adaptation arising from 8 weeks of overfeeding in humans.MethodsFourteen men (aged 24 ± 3 years, BMI 24.5 ± 1.6 kg/m2) were overfed by 40% for 8 weeks. Before and after, energy expenditure and metabolic adaptation were measured by whole‐room respiratory calorimetry. A marker of BAT activity was measured using infrared imaging of the supraclavicular BAT depot.ResultsAt the end of 8 weeks of overfeeding, metabolic adaptation—defined as the percent increase in sleeping energy expenditure beyond that expected from weight gain—rose from −0.9 ± 3.9% to 4.7 ± 5.6% (P = 0.001). However, BAT thermal activity was unchanged (P = 0.81). Moreover, BAT thermal activity did not correlate with the degree of metabolic adaptation (P = 0.32) or with the change in body weight (P = 0.51).ConclusionsBAT thermal activity does not change in response to overfeeding, nor does it correlate with adaptive thermogenesis. Our data suggest that BAT does not mediate metabolic adaptation to overeating in humans.
Activity and stability spontaneously enhanced toward ethylene polymerization by employing 2‐(1‐(2,4‐dibenzhydrylnaphthylimino)ethyl)‐6‐(1‐(arylimino)ethyl) pyridyliron(II) dichlorides
Authors: Zhao Weizhen , Yue Erlin , Wang Xinxin , Yang Wenhong , Chen Yan , Hao Xiang , Cao Xiaoping , Sun Wen‐Hua 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA series of 2‐(1‐(2,4‐dibenzhydrylnaphthylimino)ethyl)‐6‐(1‐(arylimino)ethyl)pyridyliron(II) complexes (Fe1−Fe5) was synthesized and characterized. The molecular structure of the representative Fe2 was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, revealing a distorted pseudo‐square‐pyramidal geometry around the iron center. On activation with either methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), all these iron complex precatalysts performed with high activities (up to 1.58 × 107 g (PE) mol−1 (Fe) h−1) toward ethylene polymerization, producing highly linear polyethylenes with high molecular weight and bimodal distribution, which was in accordance with high temperature 13C NMR, high Tm values (Tm ∼130 °C) and the GPC curves of the obtained polyethylenes. Meanwhile, DFT calculation results also showed the good correlation between net charges on iron and experimental activities. Compared with previous bis(imino)pyridyliron analogues, the current iron complexes containing the benzhydrylnaphthyl groups exhibited relatively higher activities and better thermal‐stability at elevated temperatures, especially at 80 °C as the industrial operating temperature, and still showed high activities toward ethylene polymerization up to 8.57 × 106 g (PE) mol−1 (Fe) h−1 in the presence of co‐catalyst MMAO. In addition, these iron complex precatalysts all exhibited long lifetimes. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 988–996
Distributed consensus and tracking control of second‐order time‐varying nonlinear multi‐agent systems
Authors: Li Zhenxing , Ji HaiBo 
Published: January 2017

SummaryIn this paper, the distributed consensus and tracking protocols are developed for the second‐order time‐varying nonlinear multi‐agent systems under general directed graph. Firstly, the consensus and tracking problems can be converted into a conventional stabilization control problem. Then a state transformation is employed to deal with the time‐varying nonlinearities. By choosing an appropriate time‐varying parameter and coupling strengths, exponential consensus and tracking of second‐order nonlinear multi‐agent systems can be achieved. Finally, a simulation is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed consensus and tracking protocols. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polynomials‐based summation inequalities and their applications to discrete‐time systems with time‐varying delays
Authors: Lee Seok Young , Lee Won Il , Park PooGyeon 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThis paper proposes a novel summation inequality, say a polynomials‐based summation inequality, which contains well‐known summation inequalities as special cases. By specially choosing slack matrices, polynomial functions, and an arbitrary vector, it reduces to Moon's inequality, a discrete‐time counterpart of Wirtinger‐based integral inequality, auxiliary function‐based summation inequalities employing the same‐order orthogonal polynomial functions. Thus, the proposed summation inequality is more general than other summation inequalities. Additionally, this paper derives the polynomials‐based summation inequality employing first‐order and second‐order orthogonal polynomial functions, which contributes to obtaining improved stability criteria for discrete‐time systems with time‐varying delays. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unpacking mental models through laboratory experiments
Authors: Gary Michael Shayne , Wood Robert E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis article summarizes the findings from three laboratory studies investigating the content of decision makers' mental models and the relationship between mental models and performance on microworld simulations. We examine three different components of mental models: perceived causal relationships, high‐level strategies, and decision rules. The findings advance our understanding of the effects of different levels of complexity, different causal diagram presentations, and different learning paths on mental models and performance. Copyright © 2017 System Dynamics Society
Synthetic Studies toward the Revised Aglycone of Mandelalide A
Authors: AnkiReddy Praveen , AnkiReddy Sandeep , Sabitha Gowravaram 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSynthesis of a silyl derivative of revised aglycone of marine anticancer macrolide Mandelalide A is described. The synthetic highlights include acid catalyzed epoxide opening, Chelation‐ controlled Grignard reaction, Still‐Gennari olefination, Pd‐catalyzed intramolecular alkoxycarbonylation, Kocien′ski‐Julia olefination and Shiina macrolactonization as keysteps.
Chemical Synthesis of L‐Fucose Derivatives for Acceptor Specificity Characterisation of Plant Cell Wall Glycosyltransferases
Authors: Damager Iben , Olsen Carl Erik , Egelund Jack , Jørgensen Bodil , Larsen Petersen Bent , Ulvskov Peter , Lindberg Møller Birger , Motawia Mohammed Saddik 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSeven derivatives of L‐fucose: methyl α‐L‐fucopyranoside, methyl 2‐O‐methyl‐α‐L‐fucopyranoside, methyl 3‐O‐methyl‐α‐L‐fucopyranoside, methyl 4‐O‐methyl‐α‐L‐fucopyranoside, α‐L‐fucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐α/β‐L‐rhamnopyranose, methyl α‐L‐fucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside and methyl α‐L‐fucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐L‐rhamnopyranoside, were chemically synthesized and characterized. The derivatives of L‐fucose were designed to mimic the L‐fucose moieties present in the A‐chain of pectic rhamnogalacturonan‐II and used to investigate the regiospecificity of three heterologously expressed xylosyltransferases from Arabidopsis thaliana. The monosaccharide methyl α‐L‐fucopyranoside was the most efficient acceptor, 30 fold more effective than methyl 4‐O‐methyl‐α‐L‐fucopyranoside. O‐methylation in position 2 or 3 abolished acceptor function. The efficiencies of the disaccharides as acceptors were methyl α‐L‐fucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐L‐rhamnopyranoside > α‐L‐fucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐α/β‐L‐rhamnopyranose > methyl α‐L‐fucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside. These findings demonstrate the utility of acceptor derivatives as probes of glycosyltransferase regiospecificity.
Incorporating Pd(OAc)2 on Imine Functionalized Microporous Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Stable and Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Sadhasivam Velu , Balasaravanan Rajendiran , Chithiraikumar Chinnadurai , Siva Ayyanar 
Published: January 2017

AbstractImine‐based microporous covalent organic frameworks, TATAE were synthesized from condensation of 4,4′,4“‐(1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triyl)tribenzaldehyde and 1,4‐diaminobenzene, followed by Pd(OAc)2 was incorporated on TATAE (Pd/TATAE). The as‐synthesized Pd/TATAE was thoroughly characterized by Fourier Transform‐Infrared Spectroscopy, 13C CP‐MAS solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, powder X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermo gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The Pd/TATAE was employed as a solid catalyst for Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions in an environmentally benign water medium at room temperature, which exhibited a good catalytic activity with excellent yield. In addition, the heterogeneous nature of the catalyst was checked by Shelton test, this catalyst can be recycled more than four times with only a minor loss of its catalytic activity.
Phosphate‐Mediated Enyne Synthesis from Allenols
Authors: Asai Shota , Kato Maho , Monguchi Yasunari , Sajiki Hironao , Sawama Yoshinari 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAn efficient synthetic pathway to enyne derivatives from readily‐available allenols has been accomplished using trimethyl phosphate as an inexpensive and stable activator of the hydroxy groups of the allenols in the presence of sodium hydride. The present method could be applied to various allenol derivatives to produce a variety of functionalized‐enyne products.
Structural Oscillations of Non–muscle Myosin II–C2: Time Resolved Confocal Microscopy
Authors: Chattoraj Shyamtanu , Saha Shekhar , Halder Debdatta , Jana Siddhartha S. , Bhattacharyya Kankan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSize and structural oscillation of the non‐muscle myosin (NM) II−C2 protein are investigated using time resolved confocal microscopy. It is observed that the high enzymatic activity of GFP tagged NM II−C2 is invariably accompanied by frequent fluctuations in the fluorescence intensity (fluorescence oscillation) of GFP in Neuro‐2a cells. We demonstrate that the deletion of the polar rich N‐terminal 12 amino acid (aa) of the C2 insert diminishes the fluorescence oscillation of NM II−C2. On deletion of either the middle 21 aa or the C‐terminal 8 aa, frequency of observing periodic fluctuation in fluorescence intensity decreases. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) was used to monitor the size of the GFP tagged NM II−C2. NM II−C2‐GFP molecule remains in the rod‐like extended conformation (6S) with a length of 120 ± 5 nm while deletion of any region of the C2 insert causes the molecule to adopt the 10S conformation with a length of 50–65 nm. These findings suggest that enzymatic activity and assembly property of NM II−C2 are controlled by the polar amino acids present in the C2 insert.
Calix[4]arene‐Based n‐Dialkylamino Extractants for Selective Platinum Group Metal Separation from Automotive Catalysts
Authors: Yamada Manabu , Rajiv Gandhi Muniyappan , Kaneta Yu , Hu Yetian , Shibayama Atsushi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTo clarify efficiency recovery for platinum group metals (PGMs) from leach liquors of automotive catalysts, synthesis of three p‐dialkylaminomethylcalix[4]arenes (propyl=1; butyl=2; and amyl=3), as extractants and their PGM extractabilities toward Pt, Pd, and Rh, from single‐component PGM solutions, simulated mixed PGM solutions, and leach liquors of automotive catalysts were investigated. Various experimental conditions, such as the effect of shaking time, HCl concentration, concentration of extractants, and concentrations of Pd(II) and Pt(IV), were studied. The distribution ratio and stoichiometry ratio of Pd(II) and Pt(IV) extracted species were calculated. Extractants 2 and 3 showed a higher extractability compared to 1 toward Pd(II) and Pt(IV) ions from the leach liquors of automotive catalysts: E%=91.5 % and 87.5 % for 2, and 88.3 % and 88.1 % for 3, respectively. In contrast, the extractability of all the other metal ions (Al, Ba, Ce, La, Rh, Y, and Zr) by 2 and 3 was E%=<6 %. Stripping of Pd(II) and Pt(IV) from organic solutions was achieved using a thiourea/HCl solution. Reusability of extractants 2 and 3 is also discussed.
Gladstone
Authors: Biagini Eugenio F. 
Published: January 2017

Gladstone focuses on the public side of the statesman's life and on those aspects of his private life - such as his religious beliefs and family life - which most affected his career. Besides reflecting the current state of the debate, this study draws on the author's own work in progress on various aspects of Victorian liberalism, including political charisma and nationalism. With its thematic approach, Dr Biagini's short, clear analysis offers an exciting introduction and a flexible teaching aid, with a guide to further reading.
A new biographical study of the quintessential Victorian statesman.
The book has an unusual thematic approach making it easy to look up specific questions.
Uses a wide range of source material to shed light on Gladstone's life and work.
Molecular epidemiology demonstrates that imported and local
strains circulated during the 2014 dengue outbreak in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Li Geng , Pan Pan , He Qiuyan , Kong Xiujuan , Wu Kailang , Zhang Wei , Liu Yuntao , Huang Huiting , Liu Jianbo , Zhang Zhongde , Wu De , Lai Xiaoping , Liu Xiaohong , Wu Jianguo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe dengue virus (DENV) is a vital global public health issue. The 2014 dengue
epidemic in Guangzhou, China, caused approximately 40,000 cases of infection and
five deaths. We carried out a comprehensive investigation aimed at identifying the
transmission sources in this dengue epidemic. To analyze the phylogenetics of the
2014 dengue strains, the envelope (E) gene
sequences from 17 viral strains isolated from 168 dengue patient serum samples were
sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was reconstructed. All 17 strains were serotype I
strains, including 8 genotype I and 9 genotype V strains. Additionally, 6 genotype I
strains that were probably introduced to China from Thailand before 2009 were widely
transmitted in the 2013 and 2014 epidemics, and they continued to circulate until
2015, with one affinis strain being found in Singapore. The other 2 genotype I
strains were introduced from the Malaya Peninsula in 2014. The transmission source
of the 9 genotype V strains was from Malaysia in 2014. DENVs of different serotypes
and genotypes co-circulated in the 2014 dengue outbreak in Guangzhou. Moreover, not
only had DENV been imported to Guangzhou, but it had also been gradually exported,
as the viruses exhibited an enzootic transmission cycle in Guangzhou.
Numerical Investigation of a N2O/HTPB Hybrid Rocket Motor with a Dual-Vortical-Flow (DVF) Design
Authors: Lai A. , Lin Y. C. , Wei S. S. , Chou T. H. , Lin J. W. , Wu J. S. , Chen Y. S. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA compact hybrid rocket motor design that incorporates a dual-vortical-flow (DVF) concept is proposed. The oxidizer (nitrous oxide, N2O) is injected circumferentially into various sections of the rocket motor, which are sectored by several solid fuel “rings” (made of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, HTPB) that are installed along the central axis of the motor. The proposed configuration not only increases the residence time of the oxidizer flow, it also implies an inherent “roll control” capability of the motor. Based on a DVF motor geometry with a designed thrust level of 11.6 kN, the characteristics of the turbulent reacting flow within the motor and its rocket performance were analyzed with a comprehensive numerical model that implements both real-fluid properties and finite-rate chemistry. Data indicate that the vacuum specific impulse (Isp) of the DVF motor could reach 278 s. The result from a preliminary ground test of a lab-scale DVF hybrid rocket motor (with a designed thrust level of 3,000 N) also shows promising performance. The proposed DVF concept is expected to partly resolve the issue of scalability, which remains challenging for hybrid rocket motors development.
Scattering of SH-Wave by a Circular Inclusion Near the Interfacial Cracks in the Piezoelectric Bi-Material Half-Space
Authors: Qi H. , Zhang X. M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWith the aid of the Green's function method and complex function method, the scattering problem of SH-wave by a circular inclusion near the two symmetrically permeable interfacial cracks in the piezoelectric bi-material half -space is considered to obtain the steady state response. Firstly, by means of the image method, the essential function of Green's function is constructed, which satisfies the stress free and electric insulation conditions on the horizontal boundaries in a right-angle space including a circular inclusion and bearing a harmonic out-plane line source force on the vertical boundary. Secondly, the bi-material media is divided into two parts along the vertical boundary. According to continuity condition, the first kind of Fredholm integral equations containing undetermined anti-plane forces are established by “the conjunction method” and “the crack-division technology”, then the integral equations are reduced to the algebraic equations including finite items by effective truncation. Finally, the dynamic stress concentration factor around the edge of circular inclusion and dynamic stress intensity factor at the crack tip are calculated, then the influences of the frequency of incident wave, the length of crack, the position of the crack, the position of circular inclusion, etc. on the dynamic stress concentration factor and dynamic stress intensity factor are discussed.
Estimation of glacier thicknesses and basal properties using the horizontal-to-vertical component spectral ratio (HVSR) technique from passive seismic data
Authors: PICOTTI STEFANO , FRANCESE ROBERTO , GIORGI MASSIMO , PETTENATI FRANCO , CARCIONE JOSÉ M. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTMicrotremor measurements and the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) technique, generally used for site effect studies as well as to determine the thickness of soft sedimentary layers, can effectively be applied to map the thickness of glaciers. In this work the radio-echo sounding, geoelectric and active seismic methods, widely employed to image the earth interior, are applied to verify the reliability of the HVSR technique in Alpine and Antarctic glacial environments. The technique has been used to analyze passive seismic data from glaciers of the Adamello and Ortles-Cevedale massifs (Italy), the Bernese Oberland Alps (Switzerland) and from the Whillans Ice Stream (West Antarctica). Comparing with the results obtained from the different geophysical imaging methods, we show that the resonance frequency in the HVSR spectra correlates well with the ice thickness at the site, in a wide range from a few tens of meters to more than 800 m. The reliability of the method mainly depends on the coupling of sensors at the glacier surface and on the basal impedance contrast. This passive seismic technique offers a logistically efficient and cost effective method to map glacier and ice-sheet thicknesses. Moreover, under certain conditions, it allows reliable estimations of the basal seismic properties.
CELL DECOMPOSITION AND CLASSIFICATION OF DEFINABLE SETS INp-OPTIMAL FIELDS
Authors: DARNIÈRE LUCK , HALPUCZOK IMMANUEL 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe prove that forp-optimal fields (a very large subclass ofp-minimal fields containing all the known examples) a cell decomposition theorem follows from methods going back to Denef’s paper [7]. We derive from it the existence of definable Skolem functions and strongp-minimality. Then we turn to stronglyp-minimal fields satisfying the Extreme Value Property—a property which in particular holds in fields which are elementarily equivalent to ap-adic one. For such fieldsK, we prove that every definable subset ofK×Kdwhose fibers overKare inverse images by the valuation of subsets of the value group is semialgebraic. Combining the two we get a preparation theorem for definable functions onp-optimal fields satisfying the Extreme Value Property, from which it follows that infinite sets definable over such fields are in definable bijection iff they have the same dimension.