bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving organizational learning through leadership training
Authors: Hasson Henna , von Thiele Schwarz Ulrica , Holmstrom Stefan , Karanika-Murray Maria , Tafvelin Susanne 
Published: April 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate whether training of managers at workplaces can improve organizational learning. Managers play a crucial role in providing opportunities to employees for learning. Although scholars have called for intervention research on the effects of leadership development on organizational learning, no such research is currently available.Design/methodology/approachThe training program consisted of theoretical and practical elements aimed to improve line managers’ transformational leadership behaviors and, in turn, improve organizational learning. The study used a pre- and post-intervention evaluation survey. Line managers’ and their subordinates’ perceptions of organizational learning were measured with the Dimensions of Organizational Learning Questionnaire and with post-intervention single items on organizational learning.FindingsComparisons between pre- and post-intervention assessments revealed that managers’ ratings ofcontinuous learningand employees’ ratings ofempowermentandembedded systemsimproved significantly as a result of the training. The leadership training intervention had positive effects on managers’ perceptions of individual-level and on employees’ perceptions of organizational-level aspects of organizational learning.Originality/valueThe study provides empirical evidence that organizational learning can be improved through leadership training. Both line managers and their subordinates perceived that organizational learning had increased after the training intervention, albeit in different ways. Implications for developing leadership training programs and for evaluating these are discussed.
Comparison of machine learning algorithms for concentration detection and prediction of formaldehyde based on electronic nose
Authors: Xu Liyuan , He Jie , Duan Shihong , Wu Xibin , Wang Qin 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
Sensor arrays and pattern recognition-based electronic nose (E-nose) is a typical detection and recognition instrument for indoor air quality (IAQ). The E-nose is able to monitor several pollutants in the air by mimicking the human olfactory system. Formaldehyde concentration prediction is one of the major functionalities of the E-nose, and three typical machine learning (ML) algorithms are most frequently used, including back propagation (BP) neural network, radial basis function (RBF) neural network and support vector regression (SVR).

Design/methodology/approach
This paper comparatively evaluates and analyzes those three ML algorithms under controllable environment, which is built on a marketable sensor arrays E-nose platform. Variable temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and pollutant concentrations (C) conditions were measured during experiments to support the investigation.

Findings
Regression models have been built using the above-mentioned three typical algorithms, and in-depth analysis demonstrates that the model of the BP neural network results in a better prediction performance than others.

Originality/value
Finally, the empirical results prove that ML algorithms, combined with low-cost sensors, can make high-precision contaminant concentration detection indoor.
Graphene film development on flexible substrate using a new technique: temperature dependency of gauge factor for graphene-based strain sensors
Authors: Sayed Sahour , Gamil Mohammed , Fath El-Bab Ahmed , Nakamura Koichi , Tsuchiya Toshiyuki , Tabata Osamu , Abd El-Moneim Ahmed 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a new simple technique to synthesize graphene film on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and applied as a strain sensor.

Design/methodology/approach
Graphene film was synthesized using laser treatment of graphene oxide (GO) film deposited on PET substrate. A universal laser system was used to simultaneously reduce and pattern the GO film into laser reduced graphene oxide (LRGO) film.

Findings
The laser treatment synthesizes a multilayer graphene film with overlapped flakes, which shows structure integrity, mechanical flexibility and electrical conductivity of 1,330 S/m. The developed LRGO/PET film was used to fabricate a high sensitivity strain sensor. The sensitivity and temperature dependency of its gauge factor (GF) was examined at applied strains up to 0.25 per cent and operating temperatures up to 80°C. The fabricated sensor shows stable GF of approximately 78 up to 60°C with standard error of the mean not exceeding approximately ± 0.2.

Originality/value
The proposed method offers a new simple and productive technique of fabricating large-scale graphene-based flexible devices at a low cost.
Incentivized Obedience: How a Gentler Israeli Military Prevents Organized Resistance
Authors: Weiss Erica 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, I offer an ethnographic examination of neoliberal techniques of control through absence by the Israeli military, the state institution most associated with discipline, indoctrination, and direct coercion. I highlight the ways that the apparent withdrawal of the state from practices of indoctrination and the punishment of conscientious objectors are accompanied by a shift in recruitment and training that emphasizes self‐advancement and social mobility above national and ideological commitments. While in the past the Israeli state and military focused exclusively on shaping self‐sacrificing citizens, today it invests a great deal of its effort in structuring the calculated choices of self‐interested individuals toward favorable outcomes. I explore the uneven but strategic deployment of incentivized governance and consider some of the effects of these techniques for the meaning of engaged citizenship and the politics of state violence in a militarized society. Further, I demonstrate that the lightening of disciplinary sanctions in favor of individual freedom is an effective form of weakening dissent and that it confounds efforts to constitute organized resistance to militarism, leaving activists floundering to find effective ways to express their political concerns.
After Teotihuacan: A View of Collapse and Reorganization from the Southern Basin of Mexico
Authors: Clayton Sarah C. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThe collapse of ancient states is often examined from the perspective of regional capitals. However, factors contributing to the decay of central power may be better measured in the fates of surrounding communities, which may closely shadow or depart markedly from the trajectories of declining capitals. Here I examine the breakdown of the first millennium state of Teotihuacan, Mexico, from the vantage of Chicoloapan, a settlement outside of the capital that prospered in the years surrounding the state's dissolution. As a settlement that expanded while others were abandoned, Chicoloapan presents an opportunity to consider the conditions and strategies that promote resilience in the midst of decentralization and to examine collapse as a simultaneously regional and local process. Recent data pertaining to demographic growth, changing household practices and material culture, and internal social diversity at Chicoloapan are discussed. Particular attention is given to the possible impact of migration, an issue at the heart of enduring debates surrounding Teotihuacan's demise. Chronometric data from Chicoloapan suggest that Teotihuacan's influence in this area had diminished by C.E. 600s, lending support to recent arguments, based on evidence from within the capital, that the power of the state's governing institutions deteriorated during the sixth century. [Teotihuacan, collapse, Basin of Mexico]
Report of the Japan diabetes society/Japanese cancer association joint committee on diabetes and cancer, Second report
Authors: Goto Atsushi , Noto Hiroshi , Noda Mitsuhiko , Ueki Kohjiro , Kasuga Masato , Tajima Naoko , Ohashi Ken , Sakai Ryuichi , Tsugane Shoichiro , Hamajima Nobuyuki , Tajima Kazuo , Imai Kohzoh , Nakagama Hitoshi 
Published: April 2016

The Japan Diabetes Society/Japanese Cancer Association Joint Committee on Diabetes and Cancer published its first report in July 2013 on the epidemiological assessment of the associations of diabetes with cancer risk/prognosis, the common risk factors for diabetes and cancer, and cancer risk associated with diabetes treatment. The Joint Committee continued its work to assess the role of glycemic control in the development of cancer in patients with diabetes. This review shows that high‐quality evidence examining the association between glycemic control and cancer risk is lacking.In 2014, the Japan Diabetes Society (JDS) and the Japanese Cancer Association (JCA) restarted the JDS/JCA Joint Committee on Diabetes and Cancer, which published the second committee report in Japanese [1]. This is the English version of that report. This article has been jointly published in Diabetology International (doi:10.1007/s13340‐016‐0257‐z) and Cancer Science by the Japan Diabetes Society and the Japanese Cancer Association.Members of the JDS/JCA Joint Committee on Diabetes and Cancer. JDS: Mitsuhiko Noda, Kohjiro Ueki, Masato Kasuga, Naoko Tajima, and Ken Ohashi; Editorial collaborators: Atsushi Goto and Hiroshi Noto; JCA: Ryuichi Sakai, Shoichiro Tsugane, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Kazuo Tajima, Kohzoh Imai, and Hitoshi Nakagama.
Psychosoziale Belastung und Unterstützungswunsch ambulanter Hauttumorpatienten
Authors: Buchhold Britta , Wiesmann Ulrich , Bahlmann Johannes , Lutze Stine , Eggert Claudia , Arnold Andreas , Daeschlein Georg , Jünger Michael , Hannich Hans‐Joachim 
Published: April 2016

ZusammenfassungHintergrundEine wichtige Basis für eine adäquate psychoonkologische und soziale Betreuung von Tumorpatienten bildet die regelmäßige Evaluation der psychosozialen Belastungen und somit der Betreuungsbedürftigkeit. Hierfür stehen zahlreiche Fragebögen zur Verfügung. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, zu ermitteln, ob belastete Patienten Unterstützung wünschen und welches Screening‐Instrument ambulante Hauttumorpatienten präferieren.Patienten und MethodikIm Rahmen einer Querschnittserhebung baten wir ambulante Hauttumorpatienten drei Fragebögen zur Erhebung psychosozialer Belastung auszufüllen und den auszuwählen, welcher ihnen für die Befragung am geeignetsten erscheint. Wir stellten folgende Instrumente zur Wahl: Hornheider Fragebogen (27 Items), Hornheider Screening‐Instrument (7 Items) und das Distress‐ Thermometer. Zudem haben wir den Unterstützungswunsch erfragt.Ergebnis(1.) Beim Vergleich von subjektiver Belastung und angegebenem Unterstützungswunsch wurde eine große Divergenz deutlich. Während etwa ein Drittel der 137 Patienten betreuungsbedürftig war, wünschten lediglich 11,5 % der Stichprobe Unterstützung. (2.) 63,7% der Patienten entschieden sich für die lange Version des Hornheider Fragebogens.SchlussfolgerungenZusätzlich zur psychosozialen Belastung sollten der Wunsch nach Unterstützung erhoben und neben dem Screening weitere Zugangswege zu psychosozialen Angeboten berücksichtigt werden.
Back to the roots – die Anfänge der Dermatologie in der altägyptischen Medizin
Authors: Hartmann Anke 
Published: April 2016

ZusammenfassungAlthough ancient Greek and Roman medicine is generally considered the origin of European medicine, there is evidence in ancient Egyptian texts suggesting a precursor role of ancient Egyptian medicine in this regard. What did Greek and Roman physicians learn from their Egyptian counterparts? Of the medical papyri discovered to date, the largest and most significant – the Ebers papyrus and the Smith papyrus – originate from the beginning of the New Kingdom, however, they were – at least in part – already written during the Old Kingdom. Considering the times, the spectrum of diseases treated as well as the range of conservative and surgical treatment methods was truly astounding. Taking a medical history, performing a thorough manual examination, and assessing clinical findings constituted key components in establishing a diagnosis. Apart from hygienic aspects, skin and hair disorders, the treatment of acute and chronic wounds and injuries as well as cosmetic procedures took on an important role. Even back then, physicians sought to assess inflammatory processes with respect to their cardinal features, implement graded wound therapy, and treat diseases with allopathic drugs. The ‘channel theory’ prevalent at that time, in which the unimpeded flow of bodily fluids was considered a fundamental prerequisite for health, may likely be regarded as precursor of ancient Greek humoral pathology. The latter became the basis for the subsequently established theory of the four humors, and was thus essential for the entire field of medieval medicine.
Proctology – diseases of the anal region
Authors: Kreuter Alexander 
Published: April 2016

SummaryProctology is a medical subspecialty that encompasses diseases of the perianal region, anal canal, and rectum. Dermatologists play a pivotal role in this realm, as inflammatory perianal disorders, infectious and sexually transmitted diseases, as well as perianal tumors and their precursor lesions fall within the core competency of dermatology. In a concise manner, the present article highlights all relevant disease groups in the field of proctology. With a particular focus on aspects pertinent to dermatologists, this includes inflammatory disorders, “classic” proctologic diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, malignancies of the anal region, as well as pathogen‐induced diseases. Despite the wide variety of disorders, there are only five key symptoms prompting patients to consult a proctologist, including anal pruritus and burning, discharge, bleeding, pain, and foreign body sensation. A simple algorithm, which incorporates these symptoms as well as key clinical features, may assist in quickly establishing the correct diagnosis in everyday clinical practice.
Upwelling areas as climate change refugia for the distribution and genetic diversity of a marine macroalga
Authors: Lourenço Carla R. , Zardi Gerardo I. , McQuaid Christopher D. , Serrão Ester A. , Pearson Gareth A. , Jacinto Rita , Nicastro Katy R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimGlobal climate change has profound and diverse effects on biological diversity. Identifying present‐day climate refugia is an increasingly recognized strategy for the management of biodiversity loss. Such refugia are potential safe havens that enhance environmental diversity by buffering the effects of large scale change, facilitating species persistence at regional scales and conserving unique genetic diversity. Although their ecological effects are well studied, the potential of upwelling centres to act as refugia in a scenario of climate warming remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigate whether upwelled waters act as refugia in a region heavily affected by recent climatic changes.LocationShores of south‐western Iberia and north‐western Africa.MethodsWe compared changes in distribution of the canopy‐forming macroalga Fucus guiryi with sea surface temperature patterns in five upwelling areas and adjacent warmer regions. Population diversity and structure was inferred from genotypic analyses using nine microsatellite loci.ResultsFucus guiryi has disappeared from large expanses of non‐upwelling shores, currently persisting in areas characterized by strong upwelling and reduced or non‐significant rates of warming. Populations of F. guiryi were more abundant towards upwelling centres. Furthermore, the genetic characterization of populations revealed distinct genetic groups associated with each upwelling system.Main conclusionsWithin a large region of predominantly changing climate, we highlight the fundamental importance of upwelling areas as favourable, comparatively stable climates where F. guiryi has retreated and persists, preserving unique portions of the species’ genetic pool.
Integrating systematics and biogeography to disentangle the roles of history and ecology in biotic assembly
Authors: Weeks Brian C. , Claramunt Santiago , Cracraft Joel 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimWe develop a conceptual framework for integrating evolutionary history and ecological processes into studies of biotic assembly.LocationGlobal.MethodsWe use theoretical and empirical examples to demonstrate that species distributions are non‐random outcomes of first‐order processes of biotic evolution: allopatry (isolation of populations), speciation and dispersion of biotas across landscapes. We then outline generalizable steps for integrating methods of phylogenetic and historical biogeographical analyses into studies of biotic assembly.ResultsWe present a framework that can be applied to any biotic assemblage amenable to phylogenetic and historical biogeographical analyses, can accommodate changes in spatial extent and temporal scale, and will facilitate comparison of assembly processes across biotas. Additionally, we demonstrate the utility of an historical approach for providing context to ecological influences on evolutionary processes, such as trait evolution.Main conclusionsBy focusing on reconstructing the histories of individual lineages, an historical approach to assembly analysis can reveal the timing and underlying processes guiding biotic assembly, making it possible to disentangle the roles of history and ecology in the assembly process.
THE CIRCULAR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INEQUALITY, LEVERAGE, AND FINANCIAL CRISES
Authors: Bazillier Rémi , Hericourt Jérôme 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we put into perspective the recent literature which points to inequality as a possible cause of credit bubbles, by reintegrating it into a more general analysis on the two‐way relationship between inequality and finance. We focus more specifically on situations where high inequalities and widespread access to credit coexist, and argue that, even when institutions maintain more or less equal access to finance, there may be a dynamic, positive circular relationship between inequality and financial development. However, even if there is some evidence in the literature of a positive causal impact of inequality on credit, this does not preclude other important, cofounding factors. The conclusions concerning the distributional impact of finance are more ambiguous. A survey of the empirical literature highlights several issues that must be tackled. First, endogeneity: reverse causality and coincidental factors are major concerns. Second, the choice of consistent measurements for the key variables (both credit and inequality) has strong empirical implications, and must be grounded on relevant theoretical channels. Third, those circular dynamics have substantial policy implications for emerging economies, since an increasing number face a joint increase in inequality and credit.
The juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: pathogenesis, clinical and autoantibody phenotypes, and outcomes
Authors: Rider L. G. , Nistala K. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe aim of this review was to summarize recent advances in the understanding of the clinical and autoantibody phenotypes, their associated outcomes and the pathogenesis of the juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (JIIMs). The major clinical and autoantibody phenotypes in children have many features similar to those in adults, and each has distinct demographic and clinical features and associated outcomes. The most common myositis autoantibodies in JIIM patients are anti‐p155/140, anti‐MJ and anti‐MDA5. Higher mortality has been associated with overlap myositis as well as with the presence of anti‐synthetase and anti‐MDA5 autoantibodies; a chronic illness course and lipodystrophy have been associated with anti‐p155/140 autoantibodies; and calcinosis has been associated with anti‐MJ autoantibodies. Histologic abnormalities of JIIMs detectable on muscle biopsy have also been correlated with myositis‐specific autoantibodies; for example, patients with anti‐MDA5 show low levels of inflammatory infiltrate and muscle damage on biopsy. The first genome‐wide association study of adult and juvenile dermatomyositis revealed three novel genetic associations, BLK, PLCL1 and CCL21 and confirmed that the human leucocyte antigen region is the primary risk region for juvenile dermatomyositis. Here, we review the well‐established pathogenic processes in JIIMs, including the type 1 interferon and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. Several novel JIIM‐associated inflammatory mediators, such as the innate immune system proteins, myeloid‐related peptide 8/14, galectin 9 and eotaxin, have emerged as promising biomarkers of disease. Advances in our understanding of the phenotypes and pathophysiology of the JIIMs are leading to better tools to help clinicians stratify and treat these heterogeneous disorders.
A Global Hardy
Authors: Richardson Angelique 
Published: April 2016

Abstract‘A Global Hardy’ seeks to situate the fiction of Hardy's Wessex in a network of international exchange. It explores the part played by empire in his fiction, the value he placed on cultural dialogue, his objections to imperialism and patriotism, and the modernist multiplicity of perspective to be found in The Dynasts, as well his awareness of the limits of moves between languages and cultural contexts. In examining the circulation of Hardy's work, it pays particular attention to his navigation of copyright issues and his engagement with translators around the world as his work reached audiences beyond Europe and North America, including Russia, China and Japan. Illuminating the multiplicity of Hardy's work, as scholars, researchers and translators take Hardy Studies in new directions, the project explores ways in which his work has found new audiences in the past one and a half centuries.