bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tooth Eruption Disorders: Literature Review and Clinical Case Reports
Authors: Wojda Martyna , Wielgosz Aleksandra 
Published: September 2024

Introduction and purpose: Tooth eruption disorders are complex issues that can affect both primary and permanent teeth. The process of tooth eruption is a natural stage of development, but it can sometimes be disrupted. Common eruption disorders include delayed eruption, tooth impaction, premature eruption, and abnormalities in the location and direction of eruption. In each case, consultation with a specialist is required, along with early diagnosis and subsequent planning of appropriate treatment.
State of knowledge: Impacted teeth are a common occurrence in dentistry and they occur in 0.8–3.6% of the general population The most frequently impacted teeth, in decreasing order of prevalence, are third molars, maxillary canines, mandibular premolars, and maxillary central incisors. Factors contributing to tooth impaction can be general, local, or genetic. Impacted teeth and difficulties with eruption may be associated with complications such as follicular cysts and a variant of these cysts known as eruption cysts.
Summary: Tooth eruption disorders require an individualized diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Depending on the issue, treatment may involve observation, orthodontic interventions, and in some cases, surgical procedures. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to prevent complications such as malocclusion, damage to adjacent teeth, or unsatisfactory aesthetics. Radiographs can help confirm the presence of impacted teeth or in some cases, CBCT may be used for more detailed imaging.
Rare Abdominal Desmoid Tumor: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Sitarek Gracjan , Żerek Marta , Płonka Wojciech , Chruścicki Damian , Bednarczyk Paulina , Pelc Marcin 
Published: September 2024

A desmoid tumor is a clonal fibroblast proliferation, occurring in deep soft tissues with a significant recurrence tendency. Aggressive fibromatosis is a rare disease. The prevalence in the population ranges from 2 to 4 cases per million. Mentioned neoplasms are highly unpredictable in terms of development. Typically, in the course of desmoid tumors, metastases do not occur, but they often infiltrate the surrounding tissues, which may be associated with numerous complications. There are currently no randomized standards of therapy designated, which is undoubtedly a challenge when referring to treatment.
To a 37 year old patient, due to a pathological mass in the abdomen, the MR examination was performed. It showed the presence of an irregular, heterogeneous structure on the right side of the abdominal cavity. A laparotomy was performed. During the procedure adhesions were released and the giant abdominal tumor was removed in one block with part of the duodenum, caecum, ascending colon and part of ileum. End-to-end duodenal anastomosis and stapled, side-to-side ileo-transverse anastomosis were used. The surgical field was being drained. The postoperative course was uneventful. Tissue material was collected for a routine, histopathological examination in which the intra-abdominal form of fibromatosis was diagnosed. The macroscopic image describes a tumor with dimensions of 25.0 cm x 25.0 cm x 20.0 cm.
Does Exposure to More Women in Male-Dominated Fields Render Female Students More Career-Oriented?
Authors: Borges Bruna , Estevan Fernanda 
Published: September 2024

The underrepresentation of women in traditionally male-dominated fields of study can generate a lack of role models for female students, influencing their career choices. We investigate whether having higher shares of female professors and classmates throughout undergraduate studies in economics affects female students’ labor market outcomes up to five years after graduation. To deal with self-selection into professors and peers, we exploit the assignment rule of students to course sections at the prestigious University of Sao Paulo and focus on mandatory courses. Our findings suggest that having more female peers and professors can positively impact female students’ labor outcomes by increasing their participation rates in the workforce and accumulated experience, particularly in course sections in which female students are underrepresented. We also investigate potential channels driving our results. We show that a higher share of female classmates can help female students stay attached to the job market early on by securing internships or formal work during university. Moreover, female students are more likely to choose higher paying and male-dominated occupations if they have access to more female peers. Overall, our study highlights the importance of gender diversity in male-dominated academic settings and its potential positive impact on female students’ career outcomes. This paper was accepted by Dorothea Kübler, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: This work was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo [Grants 2015/21640-3, 2017/23593-8, 2019/07424-7, 2019/25033-5, 2021/08880-6], Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES - Finance Code 001). Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01422 .
Percutaneous endoscopic colostomy to relieve malignant bowel obstruction
Authors: Schwingel Jérôme , Casper Markus , Lutz Manfred 
Published: September 2024

Background: Malignant bowel obstruction due to peritoneal carcinomatosis is a common problem. When surgery is not feasible in the context of a high intraperitoneal tumour burden, other techniques are required. Case report: We report the case of a 67-year-old female with malignant obstruction of the ascending colon. Following an unsuccessful surgical attempt, decompression was successfully achieved via percutaneous endoscopic colostomy using a lumen-apposing metal stent. The patient was able to resume a full oral diet within 2 days. However, local inflammatory complications arose due to faecal contamination of the sutures. Once the sutures were removed, no further interventions were required. Conclusion: Percutaneous endoscopic colostomy is a safe and viable alternative for decompression in malignant bowel obstruction when surgery is not feasible. However, limitations include the risk of local infection due to sutures and its applicability only in cases with distal stenosis.
Demonstration of a directly modulated laser achieving bandwidth exceeding 50  GHz with an integrated active feedback waveguide
Authors: Ban Dechao , Chen Jia , Jin Ya , Zhang Renheng , Cao Keqi , Wang Jian , Chen Bei , Liu Yu , Bai Jinhua , Fu Mengbo , Li Ming , Zhu Ninghua 
Published: September 2024

With the significant expansion of communication capacity in fiber-optic networks, the directly modulated laser serves as a viable candidate due to its low cost and small footprint. In recent years, distributed feedback (DFB) lasers with an integrated passive feedback waveguide were demonstrated to enhance bandwidth by introducing a photon–photon resonance or detuned-loading effect. However, the butt-joint regrowth process between the active layer and passive waveguide complicates the fabrication. Here we propose and demonstrate a DFB laser with an integrated active feedback waveguide, utilizing identical active layer technology to simplify the fabrication process, achieving a bandwidth of exceeding 50 GHz. Additionally, transmission experiments with 55 Gbps NRZ and 70 Gbps PAM4 signals are also demonstrated.
Persistent transmission of soil-transmitted helminths despite 16 years of uninterrupted Mebendazole- and ivermectin-based preventive chemotherapy in the Lomie Health District (East Region, Cameroon): The emergency of complementary control strategies
Authors: Efon-Ekangouo Arnauld , De-Gaulle Virtue F. , Emalio Yannick , Orish Verner N. , Djune-Yemeli Linda , Simo-Simo Michèle L. , Tsasse Martine A. , Mbakam Laetitia , Nana-Djeunga Hugues C. , Kamgno Joseph 
Published: September 2024

Background
The control of the Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) infections primarily relies on the school-based Preventive Chemotherapy (PCT) with mebendazole. Given the efficacy of ivermectin on STH, the control of the latter is expected to be potentialized in areas where ivermectin is also distributed for onchocerciasis and/or lymphatic filariasis control/elimination. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and intensity of STH in the Lomie Health District where annual school-based deworming campaigns and community-directed treatments with Ivermectin have been underway for almost two decades.

Methodology/principal findings
A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 schools of the Lomie Health District, East Region, Cameroon. Stool samples were collected from school-aged children and analysed using the Kato-Katz technique. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to enrolees to assess compliance with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). Of the 491 children (median age: 9 years; IQR: 7–10) enrolled, 83.9% (95% CI: 80.3–87.1) were infected with at least one STH species. Trichuris trichiura was the predominant species (78.5%), and no hookworm was found. The prevalence trend slightly decreased between 1987 and 2010 (~8%) and remained unchanged since 2010 (p-value = 0.05). Overall, 46.8% and 41.8% of children were heavy-to-moderately infected with Ascaris lumbricoides and T. trichiura. Poor hand hygiene (OR: 2.24, 95% IC: 1.4–3.4, p-value = 0.0002) and the use of river as a source of drinking water (OR: 14.8, 95% IC: 6.9–33.3, p-value = 0.0001) were the main risk factors associated with the STH infection in Lomie Health District.

Conclusions/significance
The persistent high prevalence and intensity of STH infection despite 16 years of mebendazole-based PCT and expected collateral impact of ivermectin mass distribution, points to plausible implementation gaps, poor compliance to WASH or sub-optimal efficacy of the anthelminthics used. This study highlights the need to further assess the cause of the persistent high prevalence and implement context-adapted control measures in order to curb STH transmission.
Study on microwave ablation temperature prediction model based on grayscale ultrasound texture and machine learning
Authors: Xiong Yan , Zheng Yi , Long Wei , Wang Yuxin , Wang Qin , You Yi , Zhou Yuheng , Zhong Jiang , Ge Yunxi , Li Youchen , Huang Yan , Zhou Zhiyong 
Published: September 2024

Background
Temperature prediction is crucial in the clinical ablation treatment of liver cancer, as it can be used to estimate the coagulation zone of microwave ablation.

Methods
Experiments were conducted on 83 fresh ex vivo porcine liver tissues at two ablation powers of 15 W and 20 W. Ultrasound grayscale images and temperature data from multiple sampling points were collected. The machine learning method of random forests was used to train the selected texture features, obtaining temperature prediction models for sampling points and the entire ultrasound imaging area. The accuracy of the algorithm was assessed by measuring the area of the hyperechoic area in the porcine liver tissue cross-section and ultrasound grayscale images.

Results
The model exhibited a high degree of accuracy in temperature prediction and the identification of coagulation zone. Within the test sets for the 15 W and 20 W power groups, the average absolute error for temperature prediction was 1.14°C and 4.73°C, respectively. Notably, the model’s accuracy in measuring the area of coagulation was higher than that of traditional ultrasonic grey-scale imaging, with error ratios of 0.402 and 0.182 for the respective power groups. Additionally, the model can filter out texture features with a high correlation to temperature, providing a certain degree of interpretability.

Conclusion
The temperature prediction model proposed in this study can be applied to temperature monitoring and coagulation zone range assessment in microwave ablation.
Improvement of esophageal cancer survival in Northeast Iran: A two-decade journey in a high-risk, low- resource region
Authors: Nemati Saeed , Islami Farhad , Kamangar Farin , Poustchi Hossein , Roshandel Gholamreza , Shakeri Ramin , Domingues Allison , Khoshnia Masoud , Gharavi Abdolsamad , Brennan Paul , Abnet Christian C. , Dawsey Sanford M. , Boffetta Paolo , Malekzadeh Reza , Sheikh Mahdi 
Published: September 2024

Background and objective
Two decades ago, an international initiative (GEMINI) was launched in a high-risk, low-resource region in Northeast Iran, aiming to investigate incidence, etiology, early detection, and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). An earlier report from this area, highlighted poor ESCC survival rates, with a 5-year survival probability of 3.3% and the median survival time of 7 months. Our study assesses whether ESCC survival has improved since the implementation of the GEMINI initiative in this region.

Material and methods
490 adult patients with histologically-confirmed ESCC were recruited from the Atrak clinic, Golestan, Iran, between 2007 and 2018. At recruitment, information on demographics and various exposures were collected. Active (telephone surveys) and passive (linkage to Golestan population-based cancer and death registries) follow-up methods were used to determine patients’ vital status though March 2019. Survival estimates were obtained by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results
Over the study period 340 deaths were recorded. Five-year ESCC survival probability was 23% (95% Confidence Interval: 19% to 28%), and the median survival time was 19 months. Five-year survival probability was higher among individuals who were younger (35% in <60-year-olds vs. 12% for >70-year-olds, p<0.001), educated (34% vs. 21% for no formal education, p = 0.027), never used opium (28% vs. 15%, p = 0.0016), and received cancer treatment (37% vs. 4%, p<0.001). In the adjusted models, a higher hazard of death was associated with older age [HR for each 10-year increase = 1.36 (95% CI = 1.22 to 1.51)], Turkman ethnicity [HR = 1.35 (95%CI: 1.07 to 1.70)], opium use [HR = 1.53 (95%CI: 1.20 to 1.94)],and receiving no cancer treatment [HR = 5.81 (95%CI: 3.97 to 8.52)].

Conclusion
Over the last two decades, ESCC survival in this population has significantly improved, highlighting the potential of enhancing healthcare infrastructure and ensuring access to affordable medical care in resource-limited, high-risk regions. Older age at diagnosis, Turkman ethnicity, opium use, and untreated cases (indicative of advanced disease at diagnosis) were identified as the main ESCC prognostic factors in this population.
Prevalence of offering menopause hormone therapy among primary care doctors and its associated factors: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Low Tiong Lim , Cheong Ai Theng , Devaraj Navin Kumar , Ismail Rohayah 
Published: September 2024

Background
Guidelines recommend Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) as the most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms. However, a local study found that the usage of MHT among menopausal women was low (8.1%), with one of the main reasons being it is not recommended by doctors. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of offering MHT in treating symptomatic menopausal women among primary care doctors (PCDs) and its associated factors.

Methods
This cross-sectional study involved PCDs from the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, the Federal Territory of Putrajaya and the state of Selangor. All PCDs provided services in government primary care clinics from the three states were invited through the doctor in charge of each clinic. An online survey links was provided for the participants to the self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included PCDs’ demographics, their menopause management practices, attitudes towards MHT, perceived barriers in offering MHT, knowledge of related guidelines and received training on menopause management. The outcome variable was offering MHT which defined as either prescription of MHT or referral to hospital for MHT initiation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with offering MHT.

Results
The response rate was 42.9% (559/1301). Of those who participated in the study, 77.8% of PCDs were female and 89.1% were medical officer. Although 66.9% of the participants reported offering MHT to their patients, the actual prescription rate was low (0.9%). Most PCDs (66%) would refer the patients to hospitals. 87.1% of PCDs (487/559) reported that MHT was not available in their clinic. In the past 12 months, 83% of PCDs had not received any related training. Female PCDs (AOR:2.5, CI: 1.51–4.13, p<0.001), perceiving MHT as preference treatment for menopause symptom (AOR:3.6, CI: 2.13–6.19, p < 0.001), having likelihood to recommend MHT to family and friends (AOR:3.0, CI: 1.87–4.83, p < 0.001), and receiving training on menopause management (AOR:2.7, CI: 1.30–5.56, p = 0.008) were the positive predictor of offering MHT. The negative predictors in offering MHT were no-experience in prescribing MHT (AOR: 0.4, CI: 0.15–0.87, p = 0.024) and lack of information regarding MHT for the patient (AOR: 0.4, CI:0.20–0.67, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The study revealed a low rate of MHT prescription among PCDs, with many relying on referrals to hospitals for managing menopausal symptoms. The findings underscore the need for strategies that includes fulfilling professional training gaps, improving MHT availability, and improving information dissemination for patient.
Entelechy of the Emanational Form: Zenon Fajfer’s Poems of Potentiality
Authors: Bazarnik Katarzyna 
Published: September 2024

Zenon Fajfer’s introduced into poetry an original, interactive form called “the emanational poem,” in which the multilevel acrostic is generative of simultaneously coexisting dimensions of text. The poet has used it in several of his works to render simultaneity, visibility and invisibility, potentiality and actuality. The article discusses the emanational form in view of Aristotle’s concept of entelechy. Exploring affordances of the electronic and printed media, the author explicates how the potentiality for mobility and intertextuality can be actualised in Fajfer’s “Ars Poetica,” Spoglądając Przez Ozo- nową Dziurę, and Powieki, drawing attention to the role of the reader in this process. She mentions the aporetic tension between the principle of Aristotelian entelechy and postmodern concept of intertextuality, also referencing the relevance of Ned Rossiter’s network theory to the interpretation of Fajfer’s work. Focusing on Powieki, a multimodal cycle of emanational poems, published as a compound of the material book and the digital poems in the CD, the author postulates, following Pisarski (2014) and Marecki (2018), that it is an entelechy of the hypertext. Moreover, this richly hyperlinked cycle of poems can be seen as a rewriting of the Orphean katabasis. It invites contem- plation of a complex, multidimensional space that should be explored in “slow,” or close reading, which defies typical expectations of electronic literature audiences. Finally, it is argued that Fajfer’s print-born digital hypertexts activate potentialities entailed in the matter(iality) of the writing in both media, the old and the new.
Hepato‐splanchnic fluxes during exercise in patients with cirrhosis—a pilot study
Authors: Volianitis Stefanos , Secher Niels H. , Clemmesen Otto , Ott Peter , Nielsen Henning Bay 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn cirrhotic patients, compromised hepatocyte function combined with disturbed hepatic blood flow could affect hepato‐splanchnic substrate and metabolite fluxes and exacerbate fatigue during exercise. Eight cirrhotic patients performed incremental cycling trials (3 × 10 min; at light (28 [19–37] W; median with range), moderate (55 [41–69] W), and vigorous (76 [50–102] W) intensity). Heart rate increased from 68 (62–74) at rest to 95 (90–100), 114 (108–120), and 140 (134–146) beats/min (P < 0.05), respectively. The hepatic blood flow, as determined by constant infusion of indocyanine green with arterial and hepatic venous sampling, declined from 1.01 (0.75–1.27) to 0.69 (0.47–0.91) L/min (P < 0.05). Hepatic glucose output increased from 0.6 (0.5–0.7) to 1.5 (1.3–1.7) mmol/min, while arterial lactate increased from 0.8 (0.7–0.9) to 9.0 (8.1–9.9) mmol/L (P < 0.05) despite a rise in hepatic lactate uptake. Arterial ammonia increased in parallel to lactate from 47.3 (40.1–54.5) to 144.4 (120.5–168.3) μmol/L (P < 0.05), although hepatic ammonia uptake increased from 19.5 (12.4–26.6) to 69.5 (46.5–92.5) μmol/min (P < 0.05). Among the 14 amino acids measured, glutamate was released in the liver, while the uptake of free fatty acids decreased. During exercise at relatively low workloads, arterial lactate and ammonia levels were comparable to those seen in healthy subjects at higher workloads, while euglycemia was maintained due to sufficient hepatic glucose production. The accumulation of lactate and ammonia may contribute to exercise intolerance in patients with cirrhosis.
Role of L‐type Ca2+‐channels in the vasorelaxing response to finerenone in arteries of human visceral adipose tissue
Authors: Schinzari Francesca , De Stefano Alessandro , Sica Giuseppe , Mettimano Marco , Cardillo Carmine , Tesauro Manfredi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInadequate blood supply to the expanding adipose tissue (AT) is involved in the unhealthy AT remodeling and cardiometabolic consequences of obesity. Because of the pathophysiological role of upregulated mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) signaling in the complications of obesity, this study tested the vasoactive properties of finerenone, a nonsteroidal MR antagonist, in arteries of human AT. Arteries isolated from the visceral AT of obese subjects were studied in a wire myograph. Finerenone resulted in a concentration‐dependent relaxation of arteries precontracted with either the thromboxane‐A2 analog U46619, ET‐1, or high‐K+ solution; the steroidal MR antagonist potassium canrenoate, by contrast, did not relax arteries contracted with either U46619 or high‐K+ solution. Finerenone‐induced relaxation after precontraction with U46619 was greater in the arteries of obese versus nonobese subjects. Mechanistically, the vasorelaxing response to finerenone was not influenced by preincubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L‐NAME or by endothelium removal. Interestingly, finerenone, like the dihydropyridine Ca2+‐channel blocker nifedipine, relaxed arteries contracted with the L‐type Ca2+‐channel agonist Bay K8644. In conclusion, finerenone relaxes arteries of human visceral AT, likely through antagonism of L‐type Ca2+ channels. This finding identifies a novel mechanism by which finerenone may improve AT perfusion, hence protecting against the cardiometabolic complications of obesity.
聚焦教學對華語「知道類」近義詞學習之效應
Authors: 吳 品嬅 , 陳 純音 , 賴 惠玲 
Published: September 2024

提要
本文旨在針對「知道類」心理思維動詞「知道」、「懂」、「了解」、「明白」語義, 設計教學, 探討其成效。首先依吳品嬅等 (2023) 之分析結果, 設計四天教學計畫, 繪製語義網及句型搭配圖作為教學輔助工具, 並將參與該研究的32名中級程度外籍學生分成兩組, 一組為實驗組進行聚焦教學, 另一組則為對照組採用傳統式教學。研究發現, 經過教學後, 兩組後測之成績皆顯著高於前測, 顯示教學成效明顯。在半年後的追蹤測部分, 實驗組之表現持平, 與後測相較未達到顯著。對照組之成績比後測呈現明顯退步, 證明採用聚焦教學之持續效應遠高於傳統式教學。此外, 兩次測驗中的成績依序為「知道」、「懂」、「了解」、「明白」, 顯示「知道」最易掌握, 「明白」則否。本研究同時根據研究結果, 提出相關教學建議, 以供第一線教學者參考。