bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum triglyceride measurements: the commutability of reference materials and the accuracy of results
Authors: Meng Qinghui , Zhou Weiyan , Zhang Chuanbao , Zeng Jie , Zhao Haijian , Zhang Tianjiao , Wang Donghuan , Zhang Jiangtao , Yan Ying , Chen Wenxiang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the commutability of external quality assessment (EQA) materials, aqueous solutions, and commercial reference materials (calibrators and controls), and the accuracy of routine systems for serum triglyceride measurements.MethodsAccording to the clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) EP14-A3 protocol, we analyzed 43 fresh patient specimens and 32 processed materials including lyophilized samples, human serum pools, liquid reagents, swine sera and aqueous solutions by 14 routine methods (evaluated methods) and an isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method (ID-LC/MS/MS) (comparative method). The accuracy of the routine method was evaluated by analyzing the absolute bias, relative bias, and the bias at three medical decision levels based on CLSI EP9-A3.ResultsFrozen serum samples and swine sera were commutable for all of the assays. The EQA/PT materials, commercial calibrators and control materials showed matrix effects differently on routine methods. The aqueous glycerol solutions were generally noncommutable for routine method. All except one routine analytical systems met the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) recommended analytical performance guideline analytical quality criteria for total error.ConclusionsMatrix effects and calibration biases existed in measurements of serum triglyceride. Continued efforts are needed to improve the accuracy and comparability of routine measurements.
Appreciating Entrepreneurship: A New Approach for Field Research
Authors: Woodfield Paul , Woods Christine , Shepherd Deborah 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to explore the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing an appreciative inquiry approach for entrepreneurship research within the family business context. We argue that there is an opportunity to shift the focus of family business studies from a“deficit oriented approach” toward adopting a positive organizational lens through“appreciative inquiry” principles. We review the background to appreciative inquiry including from its inception in the 1980s; the definitions, principles, models for appreciative inquiry; and the theoretical foundations of the appreciative inquiry approach. We will draw on examples from a recent study that applied appreciative inquiry principles to investigate what worked well in entrepreneurial family businesses. By exploring the generative characteristics, we are better placed to understand the strengths of a family firm. This leads to research that presents what works well, and can be built on in family businesses, rather than objectifying the problems to be solved. Our contribution lies in how, as a positive organizational lens, appreciative inquiry principles inform research in the entrepreneurial family business context. In practice, finding the advantages and disadvantages of using an appreciative protocol could lead to future studies adopting this lens, and possibly past studies being reinvigorated with a shift of focus.
Selection and Assortment of The Variables Describing The Relationship between The Economy and The General Government Sector Size by Application of The LEM2 Algorithm
Authors: Skica Tomasz , Rodzinka Jacek , Fryc Barbara 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper reverses the relatively frequent examined interrelation that links an impact of the public sector (and within it the general government sector) on the economy of the analyzed countries. The article analyses whether the size of the general government sector is a function of the economy expressed through variables that were adopted for research. Realization of the research objective that was raised in this article focused on typing, grouping and selecting variables that describe respectively: the economy and the size of the sector. For identifying relationships between variables assigned to each group, the LEM2 algorithm was used. Rules that were generated by the application of this algorithm provided not only information about the relationships of individual variables, but also provided an indication of how frequently they occurred in relation to the examined pairs of variables describing the economy and the size of the general government sector. The subject of research was EU Member States (their economy and public finance systems) and the research period was set on the years 2000 to 2013 (inclusive). Among the economic variables and variables describing the size of the sector, there were included both standard variables used in the analyzes dedicated to macroeconomic issues as well as variables that the authors’ team selected in order to test their applicability in describing the economy and the size of the general government sector. Such a composition of the variables is well-founded as, besides the main objective of this article (i.e. to establish a link between the economic situation and size of the general government sector) the additional effect of research, and that is the optimization of the selected variables that are used to explain the relationship of the economy and the size of the sector.
The New Institutional Economics-Main Theories
Authors: Obińska-Wajda Emilia 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe aim of this article is to show that the New Institutional Economics is an interdisciplinary stream combining economics, law, organization theory, political sciences, sociology, and anthropology. The main theories which are part of the New Institutional Economics are: Agency Theory, Property Rights Theory and Transaction Costs Theory. The basic assumptions of these theories are mentioned in this paper. This article is an introduction to the New Institutional Economics and its main theories. For this purpose, it presents a brief guide for those who are interested in the New Institutional Economics. Finally, the article is accompanied by a short review of examples of empirical studies connected with these theories.
Saproxylic springtails (Collembola) of the Wigry National Park
Authors: Skarżyński Dariusz , Piwnik Agata , Krzysztofiak Anna 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFaunistic and ecological studies on saproxylicCollembolaspecies were carried out in the Wigry National Park (NE Poland). Nine sites representingTilio-Carpinetum,Serratulo-PinetumandPeucedano-Pinetumhabitats each including three different levels of disturbance were visited twice in 2015. Samples from fallen logs in different stages of decay, neighboring litter and soil as well as arboreal epiphytes were taken on each visit. TheCollembolaspecimens were then extracted using Tullgren funnels resulting in a total of 73 838 specimens from 270 samples. Specimen identification revealed the occurrence of 63 species, including 5 saproxylobiontic, 7 saproxylophilous, 4 xerophilous species living in epiphytic mosses and lichens as well as 47 hemiedaphic or euedaphic species. This composition of saproxylic fauna seems to be typical for the region with the most diverse assemblages being found inTilio-Carpinetumhabitats, whileSerratulo-PinetumandPeucedano-Pinetumare clearly less diverse. Additionally, a slight decrease in the number ofCollembolaspecies with increasing forest disturbance was observed. Furthermore, an increase in the number ofCollembolaspecies with the degree of dead wood decomposition was also found. This indicates that saproxylic springtail assemblages are sensitive to anthropogenic changes.
Białystok inhabitants’ preferences concerning forest recreational services – the need for physical activity
Authors: Smoleński Marcin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper focuses on the market segmentation of recreational forest services using the concept of ‘sensation seeking’ for describing recreational expectations of town dwellers. The physical activity of town dwellers from the urban agglomeration of Białystok and the Knyszyn Forest (North-Eastern Poland) during outdoor recreation was analysed using this concept. The results of this research suggest that less than thirty percent of inhabitants of the Białystok agglomeration tend to be physically active during outdoor recreation. This is evidence of a low level of physical culture within the part of the society analysed in this study. Amongst all participants, only seven percent use the Knyszyn Forest for recreational purposes based on physical activity. The limited interest in active recreation in forests that we observed can be attributed to two main causes: 1) the lack of acceptance of a closed forest landscape as a recreational area; 2) the lack of recreational facilities in the Knyszyn Forest that would encourage healthy behaviour during active outdoor recreation.
Butt rot occurrence in plus trees of Silver fir Abies alba Mill. and Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) from the Carpathians
Authors: Chomicz-Zegar Elżbieta , Niemtur Stanisław , Kapsa Mariusz , Ambroży Sławomir 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Due to its hidden character, butt rot occurrence is not commonly included in the assessment of plus trees’ health status. Thus, the trees’ varied susceptibility to wood decay is not a target of breeding efforts. The aim of the study was to determine the extent of butt rot in fir and spruce plus trees from Carpathian seed stands. We employed the novel and non-invasive diagnostic method of sonic tomography to determine presence and severity of decay at the base of 110 plus trees of silver fir and 42 of Norway spruce.
Butt rot in various stages of development occurred in 63% of investigated fir trees and in 45% of spruce trees. The proportion of damaged wood on the tomogram ranged from 0–38% in fir and 0–47% in spruce with similar average proportions of solid wood in all forest districts. The vast majority of trees was in the range of 80–90% solid wood. Plus trees of fir and spruce were affected by butt rot to a similar extent and the degree of damage increased with age in both species.
However, a large variation in susceptibility to butt rot was found between individual trees leading to the conclusion that the identification of old trees, which wood is not decayed, may be the basis for further research on the resistance to butt rot.
Study of Thermal Analysis of Selected Cellulose Fibres
Authors: Števulova Nadežda , Hospodárova Viola , Eštoková Adriana 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper provides the investigation of thermal analysis of cellulose fibres which will be used into building materials as a partial filler replacement. Cellulosic fibres come from two various sources: bleached wood pulp and unbleached waste paper whereas these natural fibres have different cellulose contents and another manufacturing process. Natural fibres have been widely used as reinforcing fillers in composite materials in recent years. As a result, they are subjected to thermal degradation during composite processing. It is thus of practical significance to understand and predict the thermal decomposition process of natural fibres and the knowledge will help better design the composite process and estimate the influence on composite properties by the thermal decomposition of natural fibres. The results obtained from the thermal analysis of cellulosic fibres showed differences in their thermal decomposition and also differences in the weight loss due to their chemo-mechanical treatment, the presence of impurities and CaCO3originating from filler in paper making.
Comparative Study of Portland Cement-based and Zeolite-based Concretes in Terms of Hexavalent Chromium Leaching
Authors: Oravec Jozef , Estokova Adriana 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The paper presents the results of the leaching study of Portland cement-based and zeolite-based concretes regarding water soluble hexavalent chromium. Three leaching water media (distilled water, rain water, and Britton-Robinson buffer) of various pH values were under investigation. The correlation between pH and leached-out concentrations of chromium was not confirmed. The content of hexavalent water-soluble chromium in leachates of zeolite-based concretes was found to be higher than that in leachates of Portland cement-based samples.
Desired Outcomes Through Deliberate Design: How the Communication Perspective Enhances Organizational Development
Authors: Chetro-Szivos John , Baldelli Sarah , Santon Colleen 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe study includes an analysis and results of a Deliberately Developmental Organization (DDO) effort in an academic department. In this studyKegan and Lahey’s conception of a DDO is coupled with the Circular Questioning technique to deepen the intensity of the employees’ participation. The ultimate goal of a DDO is to enhance the employees’ personal development and thus improve the organization. The authors point to the communication perspective as a way to understand the centrality of dialogue in the DDO process. It was found that Circular Questioningas a means of intervention allowed the members to generate new thoughts and actionsthus building an understanding of their interdependence. It was clear their communication acted as a constitutive force, shaping the lives of the interactants and their future understanding and work in the organization.
The Emerging Outline of Selected HRM Business Practices In MNC In Central Europe – The Empirical Research Findings
Authors: Stor Marzena , Poór József , Szabo Katlin , Slavić Agneš , Zaharie Monica , Machova Renata 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe main goal of the article is to present some selected research findings on HRM business practices in local subsidiaries of multinational corporations in Central Europe in the after-recovery time from the worldwide economic crisis. The main subjects of interest are these kinds of behaviors, activities and opinions which are exhibited by these organizations in association with the business strategies they follow and as a result of their responses to the global economic changes. The article covers such issues as: generic business strategies, competitive factors, centralization and decentralization of HRM at the corporate and local level, responsibility of decisions, critical areas of HRM, competencies of HRM managers and the importance of HRM knowledge flows. The research was conducted in 2016 and the respondents were asked about their HRM practices in a previous year. The presented research findings come from five countries: Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Slovakia. Although one of the final inferences says that expanding the formulated conclusions on the whole population would not be valid because of the selection, structure and size of the research sample, the conducted research has some cognitive value, especially that this field of knowledge and practice has been poorly recognized so far.
Meaning-Making Processes in Derivatives from Precedent Names
Authors: Golubkova Ekaterina , Zakharova Anastasia 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The paper addresses the issue of meaning-making in a highly prolific and sprawling segment of English vocabulary – derivatives from precedent names (DPNs). The combination of cognitive linguistics methods applied to analyze the semantics of DPNs (Robin Hood cluster, Cinderella-based blends and Dorian Gray effect) permitted to account for their bias towards polysemy, which seems to be basically grounded in the process of metonymic zoom-in on the selected content in the event frame that describes the precedent name, oftentimes leading to domain extension and indeterminacy.
Towards Understanding of Conceptualisation in Cognitive Terminology
Authors: Manerko Larissa 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The paper describes the nature of the concept in terminological research introspectively leading to a cognitively grounded framework and usage-based study in cognitive terminology, where conceptualization is revealed on the basis of the dynamic character of human scientific thinking, cognitive systems directly affecting terminological systems and professional discourse, and representing conceptual organization of special knowledge on the basis of linguistic and extra-linguistic factors.
Changes in the trophic status of lakes in the Suwałki Landscape Park (NE Poland)
Authors: Górniak Andrzej , Więcko Adam , Karpowicz Maciej 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Summer field research and chemical analyses in 2015 provided the basis for the presentation of the trophic status of waters of 28 lakes of the Suwałki Landscape Park in NE Poland, located in the catchment of the River Neman, in the Natura 2000 area – Ostoja Jeleniewska. Lakes Hańcza and Szurpiły are currently mesotrophic ecosystems. The remaining lakes are moderately eutrophic, while four lakes in the group, in addition to anaerobic hypolimnion, have infertile epilimnion similar to that of mesotrophic lakes. Lake Hańcza shows considerable multiannual dynamics of water fertility, periodically reaching a status approximate to eutrophy. In Lake Szurpiły and the majority of smaller lakes of the Suwałki Landscape Park, reduced precipitation in 2015 resulted in an inconsiderable decrease in trophic status. The lakes are under the strong influence of their catchment area, as confirmed by statistically significant correlations between TSI and the Ohle and Schindler ratios. Lakes Kluczysko and Kopane currently remain the most fertile lakes in the Park. Unless rapidly developing cattle breeding leads to excessive fertilisation of waters in the catchment, the forecasted variability of weather conditions during global climate transformations will lead to fluctuations in the fertility of the majority of the analysed lakes at the threshold of meso- and eutrophy. A hypothesis is also stated regarding the considerable role of groundwater alimentation and short retention time in the maintenance of higher than average resources of silica in limnic waters.
Contribution of non-pollen palynomorphs to reconstructions of land-use changes and lake eutrophication: case study from Lake Jaczno, northeastern Poland
Authors: Weisbrodt Dawid , Enters Dirk , Żarczyński Maurycy Jacek , Poraj-Górska Anna Izabela , Tylmann Wojciech 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Analysis of non-pollen palynomorphs supplemented by pollen analysis, microcharcoal analysis and geochemical data from laminated sediments from Lake Jaczno were used to establish different phases of land-use in the catchment between c.a. AD 1840 and AD 2013. The results show that during the first eighty years the vicinity of the lake was heavily deforested. During this period erosional inputs caused accumulation of abundant fungal spores, indicators of pastures and natural fertilizers (manure) as well as of corroded pollen grains and charcoal. Gradual regeneration of forest cover took place after World War II, when expansion of pioneer trees occurred (Betula, Salix, Carpinus, Populus). At the same time, a considerable increase in the lake trophy was observed, leading to the changes in phytoplankton and macrophyte communities: a decrease in the proportion of Botryococcus and an increase in the Nymphaea alba population. The non-pollen palynomorphs analyses indicate the substantial human impact that caused changing local environmental conditions, compatible with the results based on pollen analysis and geochemical data.
Convergence in total variation distance of a third order scheme for one-dimensional diffusion processes
Authors: Rey Clément 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we study a third weak order scheme for diffusion processes which has been introduced by Alfonsi [1]. This scheme is built using cubature methods and is well defined under an abstract commutativity condition on the coefficients of the underlying diffusion process. Moreover, it has been proved in [1] that the third weak order convergence takes place for smooth test functions. First, we provide a necessary and sufficient explicit condition for the scheme to be well defined when we consider the one-dimensional case. In a second step, we use a result from [3] and prove that, under an ellipticity condition, this convergence also takes place for the total variation distance with order 3. We also give an estimate of the density function of the diffusion process and its derivatives.
Ba- and Ti-enriched dark mica from the UHP metasediments of the Seve Nappe Complex, Swedish Caledonides
Authors: Majka Jarosław , Kruszewski Łukasz , Rosén Åke , Klonowska Iwona 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We report on the occurrence of peculiar Ba- and Ti-enriched dark mica in metasedimentary rocks that underwent high-pressure metamorphism in the diamond stability field followed by decompression to granulite facies conditions. The mica occurs as well-developed preserved laths in a quartzofeldspathic matrix. The mean concentrations of BaO and TiO2 in the mica are 11.54 and 7.80wt%, respectively. The maximum amounts of these components are 13.38wt% BaO and 8.45wt% TiO2. The mean crystallochemical formula can be expressed as (K0.54Ba0.39Na0.02Ca0.01)Σ0.96(Fe1.37Mg0.85Ti0.50Al0.29Mn0.01Cr0.01)Σ3.03(Si2.59Al1.41)Σ4.00O10(OH1.30O0.66F0.02S0.01)Σ1.99, with oxyannite, oxy-ferrokinoshitalite and siderophyllite as dominating end-members. Based on the petrographical observations, it is proposed that the dark mica was formed at a rather late stage in the evolution of the parental rock, i.e. under granulite facies conditions.
Arrangement of material depots for line segment–modeled structures using continuous conditions
Authors: Pém Attila , Mályusz Levente 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In this study, we introduce a model for optimizing the arrangement of final material depots at a construction site. The target is to minimize the construction time, cost and resources by minimizing the total delivery distance. The model simplifies the structures that shall be constructed as line segments or curves. The model uses continuous conditions: the feasible positions of the final material depots are searched on the entire XY plane and the structures are used in a continuous way also. A simple example demonstrates the algorithm, and the calculated result is compared with an expert's solution. The practicability of the model is discussed by comparing the result of the model with the output of the mentality of the laborers. The further generalization of the model is declared. It needs less input data than the discrete model does so that it can be an alternative model to the discrete model if the number of units that build up the structure is large or unknown. This article is an extended version of a conference paper (Pém and Mályusz 2016).