bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between abdominal obesity and alcohol drinking pattern in normal-weight, middle-aged adults: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2013
Authors: Park Kye-Yeung , Park Hoon-Ki , Hwang Hwan-sik 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveAbdominal obesity is associated with obesity-related health risks regardless of body weight. The present study aimed to determine whether alcohol drinking pattern is associated with abdominal obesity in normal-weight, middle-aged adults.DesignCross-sectional study using complex sampling design analyses.SettingThe Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted from 2008 to 2013.SubjectsNormal-weight participants aged 40–69 years with BMI of 18·5–25·0 kg/m2 (n 11 289, 4491 men and 6798 women) were included. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference ≥90 cm for men or ≥85 cm for women. Alcohol drinking pattern was assessed by self-report on questionnaires.ResultsAmong 11 289 normal-weight participants, 7·9 % (n 379) of men and 7·6 % (n 609) of women had abdominal obesity. Both men and women who consumed a higher quantity of alcohol per drinking occasion had higher odds (OR; 95 % CI) for abdominal obesity compared with individuals who consumed fewer than 2 drinks (1·86; 1·04, 3·32 for ≥10 drinks/typical occasion in men; and 3·28; 1·13, 9·46 in women). Men who binge drink every day had higher odds for abdominal obesity (2·10; 1·21, 3·63). In both sexes, frequency of alcohol drinking was not associated with normal-weight abdominal obesity.ConclusionsOur study showed that the amount of alcohol drinking per occasion influenced abdominal obesity in normal-weight, middle-aged individuals that may have impacted obesity-related health risks. Healthy alcohol drinking habits need to be controlled for prevention of abdominal obesity even among persons with normal weight.
Swiss Stained-Glass Panels: An Analytical Study
Authors: Machado Andreia , Wolf Sophie , Alves Luis C. , Katona-Serneels Ildiko , Serneels Vincent , Trümpler Stefan , Vilarigues Márcia 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe history and iconography of Swiss stained glass dating between the 16th and 18th centuries are well studied. However, the chemical and morphological characteristics of the glass and glass paints, particularly the nature of the raw materials, the provenance of the glass, and the technology used to produce it are less well understood. In this paper, we studied two sets of samples from stained-glass panels attributed to Switzerland, which date from the 16th to 17th centuries: the first set comes from Pena National Palace collection, the second from Vitrocentre Romont. The aims were to identify the materials used in the production of the glass, to find out more about their production origin and to characterize the glass paints. Both glass and the glass paints were analysed by particle-induced X-ray emission; the paints were additionally analysed by scanning electron microscopy–electron-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results show that the glass from both sets was probably produced in the same region and that wood ash was used as a fluxing agent. Different recipes have been used to make the blue enamels. However, the cobalt ore used as a coloring agent in all of the blue enamels came from the mining district in Schneeberg, Germany.
Low-Γ jets from Compact Binary Mergers as Candidate Electromagnetic Counterparts to Gravitational Wave Sources
Authors: Lamb Gavin P. , Kobayashi Shiho 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCompact binary mergers, with neutron stars or neutron star and black-hole components, are thought to produce various electromagnetic counterparts: short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from ultra-relativistic jets followed by broadband afterglow; semi-isotropic kilonova from radioactive decay of r-process elements; and late time radio flares; etc. If the jets from such mergers follow a similar power-law distribution of Lorentz factors as other astrophysical jets then the population of merger jets will be dominated by low-Γ values. The prompt gamma-rays associated with short GRBs would be suppressed for a low-Γ jet and the jet energy will be released as X-ray/optical/radio transients when a shock forms in the ambient medium. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we study the properties of such transients as candidate electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave sources detectable by LIGO/Virgo. Approximately 78% of merger-jets result in failed GRB with optical peaks 14-22 magnitude and an all-sky rate of 2-3 per year.
Highly accreting quasars: a tool for cosmology?
Authors: Marziani P. , Negrete C. A. , Dultzin D. , Martinez-Aldama M. L. , Del Olmo A. , Esparza D. , Sulentic J. W. , D'Onofrio M. , Stirpe G. M. , Bon E. , Bon N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHighly accreting quasars are possible cosmological probes, as their Eddington ratio is expected to saturate toward values of order unity. We present preliminary estimates of redshift- independent source luminosities and the Hubble diagram for quasars in the redshift range 0.1 ≲ z ≲ 2.6.
Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project: A Leap Forward in Reverberation Mapping
Authors: Peterson Bradley M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn 2014, a 179-orbit allocation of Hubble Space Telescope time anchored a massive reverberation-mapping program on the well-studied Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548. Supporting imaging and spectrophotometric observations were provided by Swift, Chandra, Spitzer, and a world-wide network of ground-based telescopes. Understanding the data remains a significant challenge, partly because the level of detail is far beyond what has been seen before and partly because the behavior of the AGN was not typical of its past behavior. Based on analysis to date, the following conclusions can be reached: (1) the AGN accretion disk has a temperature profile that is consistent with that predicted by the Shakura–Sunyaev model, but is about three times larger than expected; (2) at least part of the broad-line region appears to be a Keplerian disk seen at intermediate inclination, and (3) the broad-line emission response from the far side of the disk is weaker than expected.
Transonic structure of slowly rotating accretion flows with shocks around black holes
Authors: Suková Petra , Charzyński Szymon , Janiuk Agnieszka 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe present recent results of the studies of low angular momentum accretion of matter onto Schwarzschild black hole using fully relativistic numerical simulations. We compare the resulting 2D structure of transonic flows with results of 1D pseudo-Newtonian computations of non-magnetized flow. The research has observable consequences on black holes on the whole mass scale, in particular it is related to the time-scale and shape of luminosity flares in Sgr A* or to the evolution of QPO frequency during outbursts of microquasars.
Ray-tracing and polarized radiative transfer in General Relativity
Authors: Pihajoki Pauli , Rantala Antti , Johansson Peter H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe discuss the problem of polarized radiative transfer in general relativity. We present a set of equations suitable for solving the problem numerically for the case of an arbitrary space-time metric, and show numerical solutions to example problems. The solutions are computed with a new ray-tracing code, Arcmancer, developed by the authors.
Studying the outskirts of reverberation mapped AGNs
Authors: Kaspi Shai 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAbout 100 AGNs have their black hole mass measured directly using the reverberation mapping technique over the past few decades. By now we have high enough numbers to explore unique subsamples within these objects and to study phenomena across variety of AGNs. I will review recent reverberation mapping studies which focus on high-redshift high-luminosity AGNs and on AGNs with super-Eddington accreting massive black holes. These studies enable to investigate the BLR size, mass, and luminosity relations in different subsamples of AGNs and to check whether there are differences in these relations in different types of AGNs. In particular I will discuss the following questions: Is the BLR size - luminosity relation the same over the whole AGNs luminosity range? Are there different relations for different types of AGNs? What are these studies teaching us about theory of accretion into black holes in AGNs?
The role of electromagnetism in tidal disruption events
Authors: Čadež Andrej 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTidal disruption events are characterized by the prompt release of very high energy electromagnetic radiation, which rapidly carries away a significant fraction of mass-energy. The time scale od prompt release is quite comparable to the time scale of gravitational collapse. We suggest that generation of very high energy radiation from pulsar nebulae may be an example of the relativistic coupling between gravity and electromagnetism. The main ingredient of our picture comes from the observation that the electron - ion energy exchange time scale is much longer than the electron ion energy exchange time scale, which leads to thermodynamic decoupling of electron and ion gases, and thus to their different temperatures. Under such conditions the dominating hotter component pushes the colder component further out and thus generates a global electric field which constrains electrons and ions by their mutually generated electric field, yet allows them to reach very high kinetic energies
Producing ultra high energy cosmic rays from AGN magnetic luminosity
Authors: Coimbra-Araújo Carlos H. , Anjos Rita C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe present work proposes a method to calculate the AGN magnetic luminosity fraction to be converted into ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) luminosities for nine UHECR AGN Seyfert sources based on the respective observation of gamma ray upper limits. The motivation for such calculation comes attached to the fact that a fraction of the magnetic luminosity (LB) produced by Kerr black holes in some AGNs can produce the necessary energy to accelerate UHECRs beyond the GZK limit, observed, e.g., by the Auger experiment. Nevertheless, the direct detection of those UHECRs has a lack of information about the direction of the source from where those cosmic rays are coming, since charged particles are deflected by the intergalactic magnetic field. Such problem arises alternative methods to evaluate the luminosity of UHECRs from the observation of upper limits during the propagation.
Multi-wavelength flares and magnetic field in blazars: a case study of IBL S5 0716+714
Authors: Chandra S. , Singh K. P. , Baliyan K. S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe present a study performed to understand the role of magnetic field during a historical outburst of IBL S5 0716+714 witnessed in early 2015. The two month long profile of the outburst reveals several episodes of sub-flares superimposed over the diminishing trend of the peak-flux. The broadband X-ray spectrum from Swift + Nustar exhibits a break at 4.9+0.4−0.5 keV which is consistent with the valley in the SED predicted by model. The spectral index variations, closely correlated to the flux variations during the first prominent sub-flare, indicate the alterations in the particle energy distribution coinciding the onset of the flare. The PA rotations approximately at the same epoch are used to constrain the field and its geometry.
Searching for a pair of accreting supermassive black holes in J1425+3231
Authors: Gabányi K. É. , Frey S. , Paragi Z. , An T. , Komossa S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn hierarchical structure formation scenarios, merging galaxies are expected to be seen in different phases of their coalescence. Simulations suggest that simultaneous activity of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the centres of the merging galaxies may be expected at kpc-scale separations. Currently, there are no direct observational methods which allow the selection of a large number of such dual active galactic nuclei (AGN) candidates. SDSS J142507.32+323137.4 was reported as a promising candidate source based on its optical spectrum. Here we report on our sensitive e-MERLIN observations performed at 1.6 and at 5 GHz, which show that the optical spectrum of the source can be more straightforwardly explained with jet–cloud interactions instead of the dual AGN scenario.
MAGIC electromagnetic follow-up of gravitational wave alerts
Authors: De Lotto Barbara , Ansoldi Stefano , Antonelli Angelo , Berti Alessio , Carosi Alessandro , Longo Francesco , Stamerra Antonio 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe year 2015 witnessed the first direct observations of a transient gravitational-wave (GW) signal from binary black hole mergers by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (aLIGO) Collaboration with the Virgo Collaboration. The MAGIC two 17m diameter Cherenkov telescopes system joined since 2014 the vast collaboration of electromagnetic facilities for follow-up of gravitational wave alerts. During the 2015 LIGO-Virgo science run we set up the procedure for GW alerts follow-up and took data following the last GW alert. MAGIC results on the data analysis and prospects for the forthcoming run are presented.
Influence of self-gravity on the equilibrium structures of magnetized tori
Authors: Trova Audrey , Karas Vladimír , Slaný Petr , Kovář Jiří 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe present some results obtained with a toy model developed in Trova et al. 2016 used to study the influence of the self-gravity on the equilibrium configurations of magnetized rotating self-gravitating gaseous tori, in the context of gaseous/dusty tori surrounding supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei. While the central black hole dominates the gravitational field and it remains electrically neutral, the surrounding material has a non-negligible self-gravitational effect on the torus structure. The vertical and radial structures of the torus are influenced by the balance between the gravitational and the magnetic force. By comparison with a previous work without self-gravity (Slany et al. 2016), we show that the conditions of existence of these configurations can change.
Circular motion and Polish Doughnuts in NUT spacetime
Authors: Jefremov Paul I. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe astrophysical relevance of the NUT spacetime(s) is a matter of debate due to pathological properties exhibited by this solution. However, if it is realised in nature, then we should look for the characteristic imprints of it on possible observations. One of the major sources of data on black hole astrophysics is the accretion process. Using a simple but fully analytical “Polish Doughnuts” model of accretion disk one gets both qualitative and quantitative differences from the Kerr spacetime produced by the presence of the gravitomagnetic charge. The present paper is based on our work Jefremov & Perlick (2016).
Ultrafast VHE Gamma-Ray Flares of IC 310
Authors: Barkov Maxim V. , Aharonian Felix , Khangulyan Dmitriy V. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn 2012 November MAGIC detected a bright flare from IC 310. The flare consisted of two sharp peaks with a typical duration of ~ 5 min. The energy released during that event has been estimated to be at the level of 2 × 1044 erg s−1.In this work we derive an upper limit on the possible luminosity of flares generated in black hole (BH) magnetosphere, which depends very weakly on the mass of BH and is determined by disk magnetisation, viewing angle, and pair multiplicity. Since all these parameters are smaller than a unit, the luminosity 2 × 1043 erg s−1 can be taken as a strict upper limit for flare luminosity for several minutes variability time. This upper limit appears to be approximately an order of magnitude below the value measured with MAGIC. Thus, we conclude that it seems very unfeasible that the magnetospheric processes can be indeed behind the bright flaring activity recorded from IC 310.
Tidal disruption events seen in the XMM-Newton slew survey
Authors: Saxton Richard , Komossa S. , Read Andrew , Lira Paulina , Alexander Kate D. , Steele Iain 
Published: June 2017

AbstractXMM-Newton performs a survey of the sky in the 0.2-12 keV X-ray band while slewing between observation targets. The sensitivity in the soft X-ray band is comparable with that of the ROSAT all-sky survey, allowing bright transients to be identified in near real-time by a comparison of the flux in both surveys. Several of the soft X-ray flares are coincident with galaxy nuclei and five of these have been interpreted as candidate tidal disruption events (TDE). The first three discovered had a soft X-ray spectrum, consistent with the classical model of TDE, where radiation is released during the accretion phase by thermal processes. The remaining two have an additional hard, power-law component, which in only one case was accompanied by radio emission. Overall the flares decay with the classical index of t−5/3 but vary greatly in the early phase.
Old/Past/Ancient/Historic Frontiers in Black Hole Astrophysics
Authors: Trimble Virginia 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBasic questions about black holes, some of which are fairly old, include (1) What is a black hole? (2) Do black holes exist? And the answer to this depends a good deal on the answer to (1), (3) Where, when, why, and how have they formed? and (4) What are they good for? Here I attempt some elaboration of the questions and partial answers, noting that general relativity is required to described some of the phenomena, while dear old Isaac Newton is OK for others.
Black Hole Binaries in Quiescence
Authors: Bailyn Charles D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractI discuss some of what is known and unknown about the behavior of black hole binary systems in the quiescent accretion state. Quiescence is important for several reasons: 1) the dominance of the companion star in optical and IR wavelengths allows the binary parameters to be robustly determined — as an example, we argue that the longer proposed distance to the X-ray source GRO J1655-40 is correct; 2) quiescence represents the limiting case of an extremely low accretion rate, in which both accretion and jets can be observed; 3) understanding the evolution and duration of the quiescent state is a key factor in determining the overall demographics of X-ray binaries, which has taken on a new importance in the era of gravitational wave astronomy.
MOPTOP: Multi-colour Optimised Optical Polarimeter
Authors: Jermak Helen , Steele Iain A. , Smith Robert J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPolarimetric measurements are essential for the study of jetted sources associated with black holes, such as γ-ray bursts and blazars. The relativistic jets launched from regions close to the black hole are threaded with magnetic fields, which produce synchrotron emission, and can be studied with polarimetric measurements. The multi-colour, optimised, optical polarimeter (MOPTOP) is a multi-band imaging instrument designed for use on the Liverpool Telescope. By replacing the rotating polaroid with a half wave plate and beam splitter, the instrument utilises twice as much of the incoming beam of light from the telescope compared to its predecessor, Ringo3. MOPTOP also builds on the successful introduction of dichroic mirrors to perform simultaneous multi-waveband polarimetric and photometric analysis in Ringo3, and enhances the sensitivity of the instrument with sCMOS cameras to use all photons as efficiently as possible.
Black hole astrophysics with HAWC, the High Altitude Water Cherenkov γ-ray observatory
Authors: Carramiñana Alberto ,   for the HAWC Collaboration
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe HAWC gamma-ray observatory is a wide field of view and high duty cycle γ-ray detector investigating the 0.1 - 100 TeV energy range. It has detected supermassive black holes in the near Universe, and is seeking to detect black hole related objects like gamma-ray bursts, Galactic binary systems, primordial black holes and gravitational wave mergers. Daily light curves of the BL Lac objects Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 are presented here, together with a compilation of studies of black hole related objects.
Black hole superradiance as a probe of ultra-light new particles
Authors: Lasenby Robert 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBosonic fields around a spinning black hole can be amplified via ‘superradiance’, a wave analogue of the Penrose process, which extracts energy and momentum from the black hole. For hypothetical ultra-light bosons, with Compton wavelengths on ≳ km scales, such a process can lead to the exponential growth of gravitationally bound states around astrophysical Kerr black holes. If such particles exist, as predicted in many theories of beyond Standard Model physics, then these bosonic clouds give rise to a number of potentially-observable signals. Among the most promising are monochromatic gravitational radiation signals which could be detected at Advanced LIGO and future gravitational wave observatories.
Cdt1 stabilizes an open MCM ring for helicase loading
Authors: Frigola Jordi , He Jun , Kinkelin Kerstin , Pye Valerie E. , Renault Ludovic , Douglas Max E. , Remus Dirk , Cherepanov Peter , Costa Alessandro , Diffley John F. X. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractORC, Cdc6 and Cdt1 act together to load hexameric MCM, the motor of the eukaryotic replicative helicase, into double hexamers at replication origins. Here we show that Cdt1 interacts with MCM subunits Mcm2, 4 and 6, which both destabilizes the Mcm2–5 interface and inhibits MCM ATPase activity. Using X-ray crystallography, we show that Cdt1 contains two winged-helix domains in the C-terminal half of the protein and a catalytically inactive dioxygenase-related N-terminal domain, which is important for MCM loading, but not for subsequent replication. We used these structures together with single-particle electron microscopy to generate three-dimensional models of MCM complexes. These show that Cdt1 stabilizes MCM in a left-handed spiral open at the Mcm2–5 gate. We propose that Cdt1 acts as a brace, holding MCM open for DNA entry and bound to ATP until ORC–Cdc6 triggers ATP hydrolysis by MCM, promoting both Cdt1 ejection and MCM ring closure.
Ezrin enhances line tension along transcellular tunnel edges via NMIIa driven actomyosin cable formation
Authors: Stefani Caroline , Gonzalez-Rodriguez David , Senju Yosuke , Doye Anne , Efimova Nadia , Janel Sébastien , Lipuma Justine , Tsai Meng Chen , Hamaoui Daniel , Maddugoda Madhavi P. , Cochet-Escartin Olivier , Prévost Coline , Lafont Frank , Svitkina Tatyana , Lappalainen Pekka , Bassereau Patricia , Lemichez Emmanuel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTransendothelial cell macroaperture (TEM) tunnels control endothelium barrier function and are triggered by several toxins from pathogenic bacteria that provoke vascular leakage. Cellular dewetting theory predicted that a line tension of uncharacterized origin works at TEM boundaries to limit their widening. Here, by conducting high-resolution microscopy approaches we unveil the presence of an actomyosin cable encircling TEMs. We develop a theoretical cellular dewetting framework to interpret TEM physical parameters that are quantitatively determined by laser ablation experiments. This establishes the critical role of ezrin and non-muscle myosin II (NMII) in the progressive implementation of line tension. Mechanistically, fluorescence-recovery-after-photobleaching experiments point for the upstream role of ezrin in stabilizing actin filaments at the edges of TEMs, thereby favouring their crosslinking by NMIIa. Collectively, our findings ascribe to ezrin and NMIIa a critical function of enhancing line tension at the cell boundary surrounding the TEMs by promoting the formation of an actomyosin ring.