bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Mentees' Perceptions of an Undergraduate Nurse Peer Mentorship Program
Authors: Lombardo Celia , Wong Carissa , Sanzone Lia , Filion Françoise , Tsimicalis Argerie 
Published: April 2017

Background:
A nurse peer mentorship program was implemented to address the needs of undergraduate nursing students at an academic institution. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of mentees who participated in the nurse peer mentorship program.

Method:
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Data were collected using semistructured interviews that were transcribed verbatim and descriptively analyzed using an inductive approach.

Results:
Eleven participants were interviewed. Participant narratives revealed themes related to the student experience as they transitioned to university and their unique needs that motivated them to join the program. Mentees described helpful mentor behaviors and provided insight into the academic, social, professional, and mental health benefits and personal growth experienced from peer mentorship. Participants shared factors that affected mentoring relationships.

Conclusion:

Study findings support the need for broad evaluations of peer mentorship programs and can inform educational leaders to improve mentorship support available for nursing students. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(4):227–230.]
Permafrost distribution modelling in the semi-arid Chilean Andes
Authors: Azócar Guillermo F. , Brenning Alexander , Bodin Xavier 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Mountain permafrost and rock glaciers in the dry Andes are of growing interest due to the increase in mining industry and infrastructure development in this remote area. Empirical models of mountain permafrost distribution based on rock glacier activity status and temperature data have been established as a tool for regional-scale assessments of its distribution; this kind of model approach has never been applied for a large portion of the Andes. In the present study, this methodology is applied to map permafrost favourability throughout the semi-arid Andes of central Chile (29–32° S), excluding areas of exposed bedrock. After spatially modelling of the mean annual air temperature distribution from scarce temperature records (116 station years) using a linear mixed-effects model, a generalized additive model was built to model the activity status of 3524 rock glaciers. A permafrost favourability index (PFI) was obtained by adjusting model predictions for conceptual differences between permafrost and rock glacier distribution. The results indicate that the model has an acceptable performance (median AUROC: 0.76). Conditions highly favourable to permafrost presence (PFI  ≥  0.75) are predicted for 1051 km2 of mountain terrain, or 2.7 % of the total area of the watersheds studied. Favourable conditions are expected to occur in 2636 km2, or 6.8 % of the area. Substantial portions of the Elqui and Huasco watersheds are considered to be favourable for permafrost presence (11.8 % each), while in the Limarí and Choapa watersheds permafrost is expected to be mostly limited to specific sub-watersheds. In the future, local ground-truth observations will be required to confirm permafrost presence in favourable areas and to monitor permafrost evolution under the influence of climate change.
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) – Management of emergency situations
Authors: Lindhoff-Last Edelgard 
Published: April 2017

SummaryThe worldwide increase in the aging population and the associated increase in the prevalence of atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism as well as the widespread use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) have resulted in an increase of the need for the management of bleeding complications and emergency operations in frail, elderly patients, in clinical practice. When severe bleeding occurs, general assessment should include evaluation of the bleeding site, onset and severity of bleeding, renal function, and concurrent medications with focus on anti-platelet drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). The last intake of the DOAC and its residual concentration are also relevant. The site of bleeding should be immediately localized, anticoagulation should be interrupted, and local measures to stop bleeding should be taken. In life-threatening bleeding or emergency operations immediate reversal of the antithrombotic effect may be indicated. If relevant residual DOAC-concentrations are expected and surgery cannot be postponed, prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) and/or a specific antidote should be given. While idarucizumab, the specific antidote for dabigatran, has been recently approved for clinical use, the recombinant factor X protein andexanet alfa, an antidote for the reversal of inhibitors of coagulation factor Xa, and ciraparantag, a universal antidote, are not available. Future cohort studies are necessary to assess the efficacy and safety of specific and unspecific reversal agents in “real-life” conditions. This was the rationale for introducing the RADOA-registry (RADOA: Reversal Agent use in patients treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants or vitamin K antagonists), a prospective non-interventional registry, which will evaluate the effects of specific and unspecific reversal agents in patients with life-threatening bleeding or emergency operations either treated with DOACs or vitamin K antagonists.
Identidades religiosas no mundo plural: na voz de personagens de O outro pé da sereia, de Mia Couto
Authors: Cantarela Antonio Geraldo , Panasiewicz Roberlei 
Published: April 2017

<p>Os debates sobre pluralismo religioso e diálogo trazem, dentre seus temas, a questão das identidades e, especificamente, das identidades religiosas. Trata-se da experiência de pertença a um grupo, tradição ou movimento religioso, expressa por determinadas representações, marcada por contrastes e mesclas em relação a outros grupos e tradições. O artigo discute o tema da identidade, e de como a ficção literária tematiza essas questões complexas do cotidiano. As reflexões far-se-ão mediadas pelas vozes de personagens do romance <em>O outro pé da sereia</em>, do escritor moçambicano Mia Couto. Dialogarão com aportes teóricos do filósofo francês Paul Ricoeur a partir da obra <em>O si mesmo como um outro. </em>Identidade pessoal e identidade narrativa são constituídas pelas dimensões <em>idem</em> e <em>ipse</em> que possibilitam demarcar o movimento implícito no desenvolvimento da personalidade humana. As identidades são constituintes das pessoas, dos grupos sociais e religiosos e também de suas representações no âmbito da escrita literária. A reflexão se apresentará da seguinte forma: i) Discussão sobre a pluralidade religiosa e diálogo, destacando a problemática da identidade; ii) Contextualização do romance <em>O outro pé da sereia</em>; iii) Identidade pessoal e identidade narrativa em Paul Ricoeur; iv) Demarcação de tipos de identidade a partir de personagens do romance.</p>
A Ten‐year Program Evaluation of an Emergency Medicine Scholarly Track in Education Using a Qualitative Approach
Authors: Schnapp Benjamin H. , Fant Abra L. , Gisondi Michael A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundResidency scholarly tracks have allowed training programs to better prepare residents for a future in academia. Despite their success, however, few evaluations of these scholarly tracks have been completed to ensure they are meeting the goals of their stakeholders.ObjectiveThe objective was to evaluate the education scholarly track at Northwestern University Emergency Medicine by querying key stakeholders on the current state of the track and its ideal state.MethodsCurrent emergency medicine residents, faculty, and track alumni were identified as essential stakeholders. Their perspectives on the track were elicited with a focus group and online survey, respectively, and responses were analyzed using grounded theory.ResultsFour distinct themes emerged from the analysis as critical to the track: “education skills and learning theory,” “education research methodology,” “leadership,” and “collaboration.”ConclusionThese themes will be used to inform further development of the track. A similar self‐reflection process may benefit other programs with scholarly tracks.
Early administration of fibrinogen concentrates improves the short‐term outcomes of severe pelvic fracture patients
Authors: Inokuchi Koichi , Sawano Makoto , Yamamoto Koji , Yamaguchi Atsushi , Sugiyama Satoru 
Published: April 2017

AimHemorrhage from pelvic fracture is a major cause of mortality after blunt trauma. Several studies have suggested that early fibrinogen supplementation improves outcomes of traumatic hemorrhage. Thus, we revised our massive transfusion protocol (MTP) in April 2013 to include early off‐label administration of fibrinogen concentrate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the revision on the short‐term outcomes of pelvic fracture patients.MethodsThis was a single‐center, retrospective, cohort study. A total of 224 consecutive pelvic fracture patients hospitalized in Saitama Medical Center (Saitama, Japan), 115 before the revision (Group E) and 109 after (Group L), were enrolled. Characteristics of the patients were compared between the groups. Impacts of the revision were evaluated by hazard ratios adjusted for characteristics, injury severity, and coagulation status using Cox's multivariate proportional hazard model. The impact was also evaluated by log–rank test and relative risk of 28‐day mortality between the groups.ResultsThe characteristics were equivalent between the groups. The multivariate analysis revealed that the revision of MTP was significantly related to improved survival with an adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.45 (0.07–0.97). The log–rank test gave χ2‐test values of 5.2 (P = 0.022) and 6.7 (P = 0.009), and the relative risks were 0.37 (0.15–0.91) and 0.33 (0.13–0.84), in patients with all Injury Severity Scores and Injury Severity Score ≥21, respectively.ConclusionThe revision of MTP to include aggressive off‐label treatment with fibrinogen concentrate was related to improved short‐term outcomes of severe pelvic fracture patients. However, due to the limitations of the study, the improvement could not be attributed totally to the revision.
A Self‐Quenching System Based on Bis‐Naphthalimide: A Dual Two‐Photon‐Channel GSH Fluorescent Probe
Authors: Shen Wei , Ge Jingyan , He Siyang , Zhang Ruoyu , Zhao Chengyan , Fan Yong , Yu Shian , Liu Bin , Zhu Qing 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA single fluorescent signal output often does not satisfy the detection accuracy requirements for bioactive compounds in biological systems. It is of great interest to develop a dual‐channel turn‐on fluorescence sensing system for self‐validated detection. Herein, we report a self‐quenching nanoparticle composed of dual two‐photon dyes of naphthalimides, displaying almost no fluorescence at both channels, owing to aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ). A dual two‐photon‐channel fluorescent probe for GSH was further developed by inserting a disulfide bond between two naphthalimides. Upon treatment with GSH, the disulfide bond was cleaved, and two napthalimide fluorophores were separated, leading to turn‐on fluorescence at both channels. This dual‐two‐photon‐channel design strategy can be easily extended to other analytes, simply by changing the linker molecules, which creates new opportunities to accurately monitor various biological processes in living cells.
Trends in precipitation extremes over the Yellow River basin in North China: Changing properties and causes
Authors: Gao Tao , Wang Huailiang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Mann–Kendall test, composite analysis, and 68 high‐quality meteorological stations were used to explore the spatiotemporal variations and causes of precipitation extremes over the Yellow River basin (YRB) during the period of 1960–2011. Results showed that (a) the YRB is characterized by decreases of most precipitation indices, excluding the simple daily intensity index, which has increasing trends in most locations, suggesting that the intensity of rainfall and the probability of occurrence of droughts have increased during the last decades. (b) Trends of extreme precipitation show mixed patterns in the lower reach of the YRB, where drought–flood disasters have increased. The increases in heavy rainfall and decreases in consecutive wet days in recent years over the northwestern portions of the YRB indicate that the intensity and frequency of above‐normal precipitation have been trending upward in domains. In the central‐south YRB, the maximum 1‐day precipitation (RX1day) and precipitation on extremely wet days (R99p) have significantly increased, whereas the number of consecutive dry days has declined; these trends suggest that the intensity of precipitation extremes has increased in those regions, although the frequency of extreme and total rainfall has decreased. (c) The spatial distributions of seasonal trends in RX1day and maximum 5‐day precipitation (RX5day) exhibited less spatial coherence, and winter is becoming the wettest season regionwide, particularly over the central‐south YRB. (d) There were multiple and overlapping cycles of variability for most precipitation indices, indicating variations of time and frequency. (e) Elevation is intimately correlated with precipitation indices, and a weakening East Asian summer monsoon during 1986–2011 compared to that in 1960–1985 may have played an important role in the declines in most indices over the YRB. Therefore, the combined effects from local and teleconnection forcing factors have collectively influenced the variations in precipitation extremes across the YRB. This study may provide valuable evidence for the effective management of water resources and the conduct of agricultural activities at the basin scale.
More than just the helix: A series of free flaps from the ear
Authors: Lassus Patrik , Husso Annastiina , Vuola Jyrki , Lindford Andrew J. 
Published: April 2017

AimWe herein present our experience using free flaps harvested from the ear region in facial, nasal and intraoral reconstruction.Patients and MethodsBetween 2011 and 2016, 19 patients underwent reconstruction using 20 free flaps from the ear region based on the superficial temporal vessels. There were 10 males and 9 females with a mean age of 57 years. Defect aetiology consisted of post‐tumour ablation (n = 15), trauma (n = 2) and burn scar (n = 2). Defect location involved the nose (n = 13), floor of mouth (n = 3), tongue (n = 1), lower eyelid (n = 1), and lower lip (n = 1).ResultsTwelve helical, seven temporal artery posterior auricular skin (TAPAS), and one hemiauricular flap were performed. One patient required venous re‐anastomosis but complete flap necrosis eventually occurred. This patient later underwent successful contralateral helix flap reconstruction. Overall flap survival was 95%. Follow‐up ranged from 12 to 69 months. A moderate to excellent aesthetic and functional outcome was achieved in all cases, but most (13/19) required later minor refinement surgery.ConclusionAs a versatile source of free flap options, the ear can provide more than just the helix.
Poly(perylene‐alt‐phenyleneethynylene)s with multiple pendant ester groups in various lengths: Synthesis, photophysics and selective hydrolysis
Authors: Zhang Heng , Shao Ya , Chen Hong , Miao Kesong , Fan Li‐Juan 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTFive fluorescence polymers with poly(perylene‐alt‐phenyleneethynylene)s (PPPEs) backbone and multiple side chains containing ester‐groups were synthesized via Sonogashira coupling reaction. These polymers were soluble in common organic solvents to form red‐orange solution. The polymer powders had dark red color. The absorption/emission spectra of these polymers were similar, with absorption bands between 300 and 600 nm and an emission peak between 520 and 700 nm. Furthermore, the ester groups of the side chains were partially or completely hydrolyzed, resulting in the fluorescence PPPEs with tunable density of carboxylic acid functional groups on the polymer chains as interaction/reaction sites for further applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1880–1886
Role of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors in the survival outcome of colorectal cancer patients: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Huang Wan‐Wen , Hsieh Kun‐Pin , Huang Ru‐Yu , Yang Yi‐Hsin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate whether use of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitors as auxiliary drug in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients will lead to better survival outcome. This population‐based retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The cohort consisted of newly diagnosed CRC adult patients during 2003–2010 with at least one prescription of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammation drugs. Analysis groups were defined as users or nonusers of COX‐2 inhibitors based on their usage prior to or 1 year after diagnosis of CRC. The outcome measurement was overall survival. The application of propensity scores through the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was applied to the study groups. Subgroup analyses included stratification of different cancer site, treatment modalities, and first chemotherapy regimens. Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox regressions were used to compare survival outcome. We identified 14,688 patients with newly diagnosed CRC. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with IPTW was 0.91 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86–0.96] in patients using COX‐2 inhibitors in before and after diagnosis groups, and statistical significance was not reached for usages at only prior to or only after diagnosis. In subgroup analyses, patients with rectal cancer (adjusted HR with IPTW = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79–0.94) who received surgery followed by chemoradiation (adjusted HR with IPTW = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.47–0.77) and with adjuvant chemotherapy of FOLFOX regimen (adjusted HR with IPTW = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67–0.99) had survival benefits in using COX‐2 inhibitors both prior to and after diagnosis. Use of COX‐2 inhibitors was found to be associated with reduction in mortality for CRC patients when taken both prior to and after cancer diagnosis.
Effect of Self-Expanding Carotid Stents on Plaque Thickness and Vessel Diameter
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Rafael , Marchuk Graeme , Lee Donald H. , Pelz David M. , Lownie Stephen P. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackground: In vitro models have suggested that stents affect atherosclerotic plaques symmetrically because of their outward radial forces. We evaluated the effects of stents on carotid plaque and the arterial wall using carotid ultrasound in carotid stenting patients to see whether these effects were borne out in vivo. Methods: From a carotid stent database, 30 consecutive patients were selected. All had carotid Doppler ultrasound performed pre- and poststenting. The diameters of the lumen at the level of stenotic plaque pre- and poststenting, the dorsal and ventral plaque thickness, and of the outer arterial wall diameter were measured. Plaque thickness was measured at the level of maximal stenosis. Nonparametric tests were used to determine whether the stent effect and luminal enlargement were based on wall remodeling or on total arterial expansion. Results: The patients were followed for an average of 22 months. Eighteen patients were male, with an average age of 70 years. A total of 87% of patients were symptomatic ipsilateral to the side of stenosis. Nine patients had angioplasty intraprocedurally. The luminal diameter increased poststenting in the region of severe stenosis. Plaque thickness, both ventrally and dorsally, decreased poststenting, with no significant difference between the ventral and dorsal plaque effects. The outer arterial wall diameters did not change. The measured lumen in the stent increased over time poststenting. Conclusions: Self-expanding nitinol stents alter the baseline ventral and dorsal plaque to a significant degree and do not significantly affect the native arterial wall and the overall arterial diameter.
Corrected discrete approximations for the conditional and unconditional distributions of the continuous scan statistic
Authors: Yao Yi-Ching , Wei-Chung Miao Daniel , Chang-Shuo Lin Xenos 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe (conditional or unconditional) distribution of the continuous scan statistic in a one-dimensional Poisson process may be approximated by that of a discrete analogue via time discretization (to be referred to as the discrete approximation). Using a change of measure argument, we derive the first-order term of the discrete approximation which involves some functionals of the Poisson process. Richardson's extrapolation is then applied to yield a corrected (second-order) approximation. Numerical results are presented to compare various approximations.
A new strategy for Robbins’ problem of optimal stopping
Authors: Meier Martin , Sögner Leopold 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this paper we study the expected rank problem under full information. Our approach uses the planar Poisson approach from Gnedin (2007) to derive the expected rank of a stopping rule that is one of the simplest nontrivial examples combining rank dependent rules with threshold rules. This rule attains an expected rank lower than the best upper bounds obtained in the literature so far, in particular, we obtain an expected rank of 2.326 14.
Statistical inference for partially observed branching processes with immigration
Authors: Rahimov Ibrahim 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn the paper we consider the following modification of a discrete-time branching process with stationary immigration. In each generation a binomially distributed subset of the population will be observed. The number of observed individuals constitute a partially observed branching process. After inspection both observed and unobserved individuals may change their offspring distributions. In the subcritical case we investigate the possibility of using the known estimators for the offspring mean and for the mean of the stationary-limiting distribution of the process when the observation of the population sizes is restricted. We prove that, if both the population and the number of immigrants are partially observed, the estimators are still strongly consistent. We also prove that the `skipped' version of the estimator for the offspring mean is asymptotically normal and the estimator of the stationary distribution's mean is asymptotically normal under additional assumptions.
On martingale tail sums in affine two-color urn models with multiple drawings
Authors: Kuba Markus , Sulzbach Henning 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn two recent works, Kuba and Mahmoud (2015a) and (2015b) introduced the family of two-color affine balanced Pólya urn schemes with multiple drawings. We show that, in large-index urns (urn index between ½ and 1) and triangular urns, the martingale tail sum for the number of balls of a given color admits both a Gaussian central limit theorem as well as a law of the iterated logarithm. The laws of the iterated logarithm are new, even in the standard model when only one ball is drawn from the urn in each step (except for the classical Pólya urn model). Finally, we prove that the martingale limits exhibit densities (bounded under suitable assumptions) and exponentially decaying tails. Applications are given in the context of node degrees in random linear recursive trees and random circuits.