bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Far Behind the Front
Authors: Pettersson Claes 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The ascent of Sweden as a major military power in Northern Europe in the seventeenth century is forever connected to the Thirty Years War. The story of King Gustavus Adolphus, and battles like Breitenfeld, Lech, Lützen, and Nördlingen mark the real beginning of the Swedish Age of Greatness. In recent decades battlefield archaeology has proved important in describing these events, widening our understanding of the military actions and their effects on local populations. This chapter focuses on Jönköping, a Swedish town where the early modern period has been examined archaeologically over three decades. This town can be used as a metaphor for Sweden during the seventeenth century as the inherent weakness of the new empire becomes evident. Events here exemplify both the visions held by the absolutist state and their consequences for ordinary people. The chapter also provides a background to the mobilization of local resources and logistics that made the Swedish war effort of 1627–48 possible.
Middle East
Authors: Bouwen Frans 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The Middle East is marked by a rich diversity of church traditions. This has historically given rise to divisions, and every search for Christian unity must find a delicate balance between unity and diversity. The Middle East Council of Churches, which includes almost all of the historical churches, is a privileged instrument in this ecumenical endeavour, through its main units on faith and unity, education and renewal, life and service, and its programme on interreligious dialogue. It has met with various difficulties over the years but has recently made a new start. Some bilateral pastoral agreements deserve to be highlighted. Ecumenical relations are also conditioned by political instability in the region, which differs from country to country. Christians in the region have a strong awareness of belonging together, facing the same challenges, and being called to work together for their future. An ecumenism of martyrdom has become part of life.
Games
Authors: Bloom Gina 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis chapter examines the historical intersections between theatre and games in order to understand the formal dimensions of spectatorship within the specific institution of the early modern theatre and the dramas staged within it. It considers how early modern card and board games would have trained theatre audiences in the performative conventions of a newly commercialized stage, and how theatricality itself becomes a kind of game whose rules are explored, modified, and constantly reinvented through their performance by actors and the audiences who watched them. It shows that staged parlour games in the plays A Woman Killed with Kindness and Arden of Faversham call upon audiences to participate in theatre in ways that are reminiscent of traditional and rival entertainment forms. It also argues that game scenes in drama do not simply theatricalize the everyday activity of playing games in a tavern or parlour. Rather, they take advantage of the fact that the experiences of gameplay and of theatre-going were commensurate on a number of levels.
Festivity
Authors: Lin Erika T. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis chapter locates festivity within the early modern theatre. Through an analysis of Thomas Dekker’s The Shoemaker’s Holiday, it considers how holidays functioned not as communal rituals but as commodified entertainments; how one-off experiences tied to the cyclical rhythms of the seasons came to be understood as performances that could be enacted year-round—that is, rendered intelligible as theatre within linear models of historical time; and how playing came to be imagined not only as a mode of sociality but also as a vendible commodity. The chapter shows how the commercialization of theatre altered the economic exchanges at the heart of traditional festivity and argues that the professional stage was engaged in a complex project to situate its own performances in relation to existing festive practices. By focusing on early modern contexts, it highlights the ways in which theatricality serves and produces multiple—and, from a modern perspective, often unexpected—cultural functions and effects.
Optics
Authors: Crane Mary Thomas 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis chapter examines one of the most problematic aspects of early modern theatre: its vexed relation to sight, seeing, spectacle, and illusion. It considers whether theatre offered the audience a version of the truth or a deceptive illusion, or whether it offered an illusion that had no effect on reality or one that could influence and transform it in some way. It explores the relationship between theatre and visual illusion by focusing on four plays: Robert Greene’s Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay, Ben Jonson’s The Alchemist, William Shakespeare’s The Tempest, and Thomas Tomkis’s Albumazar. It shows that early modern plays persistently delegitimize visual technologies in order to assert the theatre’s distinctiveness and legitimacy as a mimetic medium by transforming optics into a deceptive, magical practice.
Now
Authors: Maisano Scott 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis chapter examines a fundamental formal and phenomenological dimension to theatrical experience—time—and notes that the essence of theatre is ‘now you see it, now you don’t’. Building on the foundational work of Antonin Artaud, the chapter rethinks the problem of theatrical occasionality and argues that the temporal unit favoured by Performance Studies—the presentness of the ‘now’— must be abandoned in favour of an alternative idea of temporality that is at once as old as Parmenides and Zeno and as new as Albert Einstein and string theory. It considers the character of Time in William Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale as a singular and strange choric figure, granting us a metaphysical view of time and of life beyond what we know from our mundane, earthly, individual human existences. It argues that The Winter’s Tale amounts to nothing less than a theatrical experiment in the nature of time itself as at once a perceived, represented, and actualized series of events.
Hospitality
Authors: Lupton Julia Reinhard 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This chapter examines the longstanding interrelationships among theatre, households, and what it calls ‘acts of reception’: the performed rituals of welcoming, accommodating, sharing, and dwelling, as well as their more inhospitable alternatives. It considers what hospitality might have to do with theatricality, what they have in common, and what each renders visible in the other. It also explores hospitality’s connections with biopolitics, political theology, and political ecology, and more specifically the confluence of its biopolitical, political–theological, and political–ecological investments. It shows how life in hospitality events manifests itself as theatre and how scenes of accommodation and conviviality and their refusal or violation abound in the mythic situations of dramatic literature. Finally, it explains how the dramatic character of hospitality—its generation of occasions for consumption, enjoyment, and wonder as well as resistance, scepticism, and betrayal—intertwines it with theatricality as a simultaneously formal and material effect.
Becoming-Indian
Authors: Harris Jonathan Gil 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis chapter examines how travellers to the New World and to India made sense of their encounters by framing them specifically in reference to the performance techniques and even the architecture of the theatre, in ways both positive and negative. It first considers John Smith’s description of what he calls a ‘Virginia Maske’ in his Generall History of Virginia (1624), a reminder of how the specific textures of early modern theatricality rather than a generalized, abstract notion of performance shaped travellers’ understandings of ‘all the world’s a stage’. It then looks at the case of Thomas Coryate, England’s first travel writer, to show how theatrical performance became a means of self-transformation in both mind and body, an act of imaginative self-incorporation that blurred subject with object and dissolved the boundaries of cultural identities. It also discusses the theatricality of the court of the Mughal Emperor, Jahangir, as described in 1616 by Coryate and Sir Thomas Roe.
Passions
Authors: Hoxby Blair 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis chapter examines the theory of the passions in relation to early modern theatre. It first considers the reception of Aristotle’s Poetics and particularly how the writings of ancient critics located the essence of tragedy in the passions that it imitated and aroused. It then turns to John Dryden and John Milton, who both regarded the passions, not ‘character’, as the most important objects of imitation, and reconstructs a critical and poetic world in which the ‘personation’ of passion was thought to be essential to the formal capacities of theatre and the source of the profound collective experiences it made possible. It also explores the passions in dramatic poetry and on stage, along with the emergence of character as a more important unit of dramatic meaning than passion. The chapter concludes by suggesting that William Shakespeare also sought to represent and sway the passions, and therefore did not lie outside the mainstream of early modern theatre.
Off-stage
Authors: Womack Peter 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis chapter examines the dynamic construction of the off-stage space and the ways in which it renders the stage radically incomplete. More specifically, it considers how early modern performance replaces the absolute, sacred, and cosmic space of medieval performance with a newly secularized space of representation that could become fictional in a way that the medieval stage could not. To highlight the moment when the stage is empty and the audience is listening to an off-stage sound effect, the chapter offers a reading of the tragedy The Insatiate Countess. It shows that the playhouse stage is not an ‘absolute space’, but is irreducibly relational: a space-between, a threshold. It explains how this threshold might work in theatrical practice through an analysis of Richard III. It also discusses Arden of Faversham to demonstrate that the domestic version of ‘within’ has one spatial signification in particular: it is the woman’s place. Finally, it looks at the tiring-house as domestic chamber to illustrate the doctrine that certain things are withdrawn from view because they are forbidden.
Skill
Authors: Tribble Evelyn 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis chapter examines early modern theatricality through the lens of skill. It seeks to reclaim a positive account of the skill and expertise of early modern players, arguing that attention to skill has the potential to reorganize the categories through which we view the early modern theatre. It considers how feats of skill inform our understanding of specific plays by describing an ‘ecological’ model of theatrical skill. It contends that theatre must be relocated onto a continuum with other occasional public games and entertainments, all of which required special combinations of physical, verbal, and cognitive abilities. By attending to the traces, gaps, and fissures in playtexts that open a space for embodied performance practices, the chapter shows that the theatrical experience can be apprehended and evaluated in ways that are quite different from those of much twentieth-century criticism and that require a more complex cognitive and environmental approach to the theatrical event.
ELMER v.2: An R/Bioconductor package to reconstruct gene regulatory networks from DNA methylation and transcriptome profiles
Authors: Silva Tiago C , Coetzee Simon G , Yao Lijing , Gull Nicole , Hazelett Dennis J , Noushmehr Houtan , Lin De-Chen , Berman Benjamin P 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMotivationDNA methylation has been used to identify functional changes at transcriptional enhancers and other cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) in tumors and other disease tissues. Our R/Bioconductor packageELMER(Enhancer Linking by Methylation/Expression Relationships) provides a systematic approach that reconstructs altered gene regulatory networks (GRNs) by combining enhancer methylation and gene expression data derived from the same sample set.ResultsWe present a completely revised version 2 ofELMERthat provides numerous new features including an optional web-based interface and a new Supervised Analysis mode to use pre-defined sample groupings. We show that this approach can identify GRNs associated with many new Master Regulators includingKLF5in breast cancer.AvailabilityELMERv.2 is available as an R/Bioconductor package athttp://bioconductor.org/packages/ELMER/
GADD45α regulates cell proliferation and DNA repair of BRL-3A cells that treated by FZD/UVC via P38, JNK, CDC2/CCNB1, AKT and MTOR pathways
Authors: Yang Xianguang , Zhu Lin , Zhao Weiming , He Chuncui , Li Shuaihong , Xu Cunshuan 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTGADD45α is a stress-induced gene activated by a variety of stress stimuli, including ultraviolet and ionizing radiation, and involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, maintenance, genomic stability, DNA repair and immune response. However, the effects and regulatory mechanism of GADD45α on proliferation, apoptosis and DNA damage repair of hepatocytes in liver regeneration remains unclear. In this study overexpression of GADD45α significantly inhibited the cell viability, proliferation, the number of cells in G1 and S phases, and of furazolidone (FZD) or UVC induced apoptosis of BRL-3A cells and decreased the inhibition of FZD/UVC on the viability, proliferation of BRL-3A cells, while increased the number of cells in G2/M phase of BRL-3A cells and FZD/UVC induced S phase arrest. Downregulated GADD45α induced the viability, proliferation, the number of cells in S and G2/M phases and the inhibition of FZD/UVC on the viability, proliferation of BRL-3A cells increased, while decreased apoptosis, the number of cells in G1 phases of BRL-3A cells and FZD/UVC induced S phase arrest. The results of qRT-PCR and western blot showed that genes/proteins related to P38MAPK, JNK, CDC2/CCNB1, AKT and MTOR signaling pathways were significantly changed in normal BRL-3A cells. The expression profiles of cell cycle, proliferation and apoptosis related genes/proteins in FZD/UVC treated BRL-3A cells were also detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, and the results indicated that the expression of Myc, Bcl-2, Ccnd1, PCNA, P21, Ccnb1, Caspase3, Caspase8, Caspase9 and Bax have significantly changes.
A new multi-genomic approach for the study of biogeochemical cycles at global scale: the molecular reconstruction of the sulfur cycle
Authors: De Anda Valerie , Zapata-Peñasco Icoquih , Contreras-Moreira Bruno , Poot-Hernandez Augusto Cesar , Eguiarte Luis E. , Souza Valeria 
Published: June 2017

SummaryDespite the great advances in microbial ecology and the explosion of high throughput sequencing, our ability to understand and integrate the global biogeochemical cycles is still limited. Here we propose a novel approach to summarize the complexity of the Sulfur cycle based on the minimum ecosystem concept, the microbial mat model and the relative entropy of protein domains involved in S-metabolism. This methodology produces a single value, called the Sulfur Score (SS), which informs about the specific S-related molecular machinery. After curating an inventory of microorganisms, pathways and genes taking part in this cycle, we benchmark the performance of the SS on a collection of 2,107 non-redundant RefSeq genomes, 900 metagenomes from MG-RAST and 35 metagenomes analyzed for the first time. We find that the SS is able to correctly classify microorganisms known to be involved in the S-cycle, yielding an Area Under the ROC Curve of 0.985. Moreover, when sorting environments the top-scoring metagenomes were hydrothermal vents, microbial mats and deep-sea sediments, among others. This methodology can be generalized to the analysis of other biogeochemical cycles or processes. Provided that an inventory of relevant pathways and microorganisms can be compiled, entropy-based scores could be used to detect environmental patterns and informative samples in multi-genomic scale.
Exosomes from Nef expressing monocytic cells restrict HIV-1 replication in infected cells through the assembly of stress granules
Authors: Ansari Mohammad Yunus , Imam Hasan , Kumar Nishant , Ahmed Zulfazal , Jameel Shahid 
Published: June 2017

AbstractExosomes are membranous vesicles secreted from almost all types of cells, carry proteins and nucleic acids and function as vehicles for intercellular communication. Cells infected with HIV-1 or expressing the viral Nef protein secrete more exosomes than uninfected cells or those not expressing this protein. We used stably transfected, Nef-expressing U937 human monocytic cells and exosomes purified from these cells to study their effects on HIV-1 infected and uninfected CD4+ T-cells. The Nef exosomes inhibited virus production from HIV-1 infected CD4+ T-cells, but caused activation induced cell death in uninfected bystander cells. Mutations in its conserved Arginine residues and in the secretion-modification-region failed to secrete Nef into exosomes. Cell lines expressing these mutant Nef proteins did not deliver it to the target CD4+ T-cells, and exosomes prepared from these mutant Nef-expressing cells also did not inhibit virus production. Nef exosomes inhibited virus production by inducing the assembly of stress granules in HIV-1 infected cells, which sequestered increased amounts of gag mRNA. This is a novel mechanism wherein we show the effects of exosomes on the assembly of stress granules and viral translational repression.
Network video technology
Authors: Kembro Joakim Hans , Danielsson Veronica , Smajli Granit 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how modern network video technology could be used to improve different warehouse types and operations and how barriers may prevent its implementation.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory multiple-case study with nine case companies was conducted, including on-site visits, interviews, questionnaires and a workshop.FindingsThe authors identified 12 video applications that could improve warehouse operations by making them safer, faster, more transparent and more reliable than they are at present. The authors found that video applications complemented existing information technology and offered a new dimension that provided the real-time analysis of different activities in warehouse operations. The main barriers to implementing video technology included uncertain return on investment, staff integrity, union restrictions and integration with other systems.Research limitations/implicationsThe study contributes to the literature by exploring how information technology could be used to improve warehouse operations and by developing a classification matrix that outlines the video applications that suit the warehouse type and operation. Building on the contingency theory, the authors also described a conceptual framework for guiding future relevant research on warehousing.Practical implicationsVideo technology provides an opportunity to improve efficiency and cut costs in warehouse operations, which could contribute to increasing the competitiveness of the company and the supply chain. However, several barriers must be overcome to enable its implementation. Furthermore, competing technologies, such as augmented reality and the internet of things, are being developed in parallel.Social implicationsThe identified video applications could help to increase safety, sustainability and traceability in warehouse operations and, potentially, across the entire supply chain.Originality/valueThis research is the first to explore the potential of introducing video applications to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of various warehouse types and operations.
Urban consolidation centres: retail stores’ demands for UCC services
Authors: Johansson Henrik , Björklund Maria 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Urban consolidation centres (UCCs) are often conceived to improve services in retail stores and potentially reduce costs. However, few studies have examined how retail stores perceive the services a UCC could provide. The purpose of this paper is to explore retail stores’ potential demands for different services that a UCC could provide in order to foster the development and implementation of UCC solutions aimed towards more economically feasible business models.

Design/methodology/approach
Structured interviews were conducted with employees at 72 retail stores. Qualitative, as well as quantitative analyses, were conducted to identify the potential demands of the retail stores.

Findings
The authors have provided arguments why retail stores might be interested in UCC services, and thereby potentially pay for them. Improved customer service to stores’ customers might not be a valid argument. The authors point to the cost aspect: stores expend resources that a UCC could provide in a more cost-efficient manner.

Research limitations/implications
The findings contradict previous studies to some extent, as it indicates that a UCC may actually not enhance customer service in retail stores. Instead, the findings point to the importance of considering the potential advantages according to economies of scale that are facilitated by UCC services.

Practical implications
Taking the perspective of the stores is important in order to identify arguments for why they should pay for the services provided by a UCC.

Social implications
Financially viable UCC solutions are needed in order for the initiatives to be maintained and thereby provide a long-term decrease in the environmental and social footprints caused by urban freight.

Originality/value
This study answers the call for research addressing retailers’ perspective in urban logistics, as it takes a demand-driven perspective of the development of UCC services. Furthermore, by highlighting services requested by retail stores, it can guide the financing of UCC initiatives, an aspect that has been lacking.