bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forming first impressions of children: the role of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and emotion dysregulation
Authors: Lee Christine A. , Milich Richard , Lorch Elizabeth P. , Flory Kate , Owens Julie Sarno , Lamont Andrea E. , Evans Steven W. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundPrevious research on peer status of children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has focused on already‐established peer groups, rendering the specific social behaviors that influence peers' initial impressions largely unknown. Recently, theorists have argued that emotion dysregulation is a key aspect of ADHD, with empirical work finding relations between emotion dysregulation and social outcomes. Therefore, the current study focuses on the initial interactions among children varying in ADHD symptoms duringh a novel playgroup, proposing that emotion dysregulation displayed during the playgroup may serve as a possible pathway between ADHD symptoms and peers' initial negative impressions.MethodsParticipants were 233 elementary‐age children ranging from 8 to 10 years old (M = 8.83, 70% male). Parents and teachers rated children's ADHD symptoms and related impairment; 51% of the children met criteria for an ADHD diagnosis. Then, children participated with unfamiliar peers in a three‐hour playgroup that included three structured and two unstructured tasks. After the tasks, children and staff rated each child on social outcomes. Coders unaware of child's diagnostic status watched videos of the groups and rated each child's global emotion dysregulation during each task.ResultsUsing multiple raters and methods, ADHD severity was associated with more negative peer ratings, through observed emotion dysregulation. Results were consistent for both parent and teacher ratings of ADHD severity as well as for both peer ratings of likeability and staff ratings of perceived peer likeability.ConclusionsWhen focusing on improving peers' initial impressions of children with ADHD symptoms, emotion dysregulation may be a valuable target for intervention.
Belgian flood risk governance: explaining the dynamics within a fragmented governance arrangement
Authors: Mees H. , Crabbé A. , Suykens C. 
Published: October 2017

Despite some inertia, flood risk governance in Belgium has been fairly dynamic between 1995 and 2015. In this paper, change and stability during this period are described and explained in the four dimensions of the Policy Arrangement Approach: actors, discourses, rules, and resources. The analysis is based on 72 semi‐structured stakeholder interviews and legal document analysis.Belgian flood risk governance is characterised by a high level of fragmentation. Our analysis found that this can form a barrier to change, but at the same time it creates multiple entry points for policy innovation and thereby increases the dynamics within the governance arrangement.
Long Term Effect of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Cerebral Blood Flow
Authors: Espeland Mark A. , Luchsinger Jose A. , Neiberg Rebecca H. , Carmichael Owen , Laurienti Paul J. , Pi‐Sunyer Xavier , Wing Rena R. , Cook Delilah , Horton Edward , Casanova Ramon , Erickson Kirk , Nick Bryan R. ,   the Action for Health in Diabetes Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Group
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesTo determine whether long‐term behavioral intervention targeting weight loss through increased physical activity and reduced caloric intake would alter cerebral blood flow (CBF) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.DesignPostrandomization assessment of CBF.SettingAction for Health in Diabetes multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial.ParticipantsIndividuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were overweight or obese and aged 45 to 76 (N = 310).InterventionsA multidomain intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) to induce weight loss and increase physical activity for 8 to 11 years or diabetes support and education (DSE), a control condition.MeasurementsParticipants underwent cognitive assessment and standardized brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (3.0 Tesla) to assess CBF an average of 10.4 years after randomization.ResultsWeight changes from baseline to time of MRI averaged −6.2% for ILI and −2.8% for DSE (P < .001), and increases in self‐reported moderate or intense physical activity averaged 444.3 kcal/wk for ILI and 114.8 kcal/wk for DSE (P = .03). Overall mean CBF was 6% greater for ILI than DSE (P = .04), with the largest mean differences between ILI and DSE in the limbic region (3.39 mL/100 g per minute, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.07–6.70 mL/100 g per minute) and occipital lobes (3.52 mL/100 g per minute, 95% CI = 0.20–6.84 mL/100 g per minute). In ILI, greater CBF was associated with greater decreases in weight and greater increases in physical activity. The relationship between CBF and scores on a composite measure of cognitive function varied between intervention groups (P = .02).ConclusionsLong‐term weight loss intervention in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with greater CBF.
Evaluating Eco‐Efficiency of 3D Printing in the Aeronautic Industry
Authors: Mami Fares , Revéret Jean‐Pierre , Fallaha Sophie , Margni Manuele 
Published: October 2017

SummaryNew technologies such as 3D printing, also known as rapid manufacturing or additive manufacturing, are promising technologies to support the aeronautics sector moving toward its ambitious environmental goals. An eco‐efficiency method combining life cycle costs and life cycle environmental assessment is developed to support eco‐design initiatives in the aeronautics industry that accounts for specific reduction targets. Eco‐efficiency results are computed through a normalization procedure and a target‐driven trade‐off and displayed as an XY diagram. Applied to an aircraft doorstop manufacturing, results show that 3D printing has clear benefits both in terms of costs and environmental impacts compared to conventional machining. Nevertheless, 3D printing equipment costs are still high, and a sensitivity analysis shows that, for lower productivity levels, the optimal scenario relies on the chosen trade‐off between environmental impacts and costs reduction.
ENDOGENOUS TECHNICAL CHANGE IN ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Tavani Daniele , Zamparelli Luca 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper surveys the last two and a half decades of non‐neoclassical literature on endogenous technical change and the functional income distribution. We distinguish between classical‐Marxian and post‐Keynesian models, and analyze them under three different assumptions on the determinants of technical change: capital accumulation, income distribution, and labor market tightness. The balanced growth implications of alternative models are compared with neoclassical exogenous and endogenous growth theories. Despite the strong differences in the assumptions regarding the substitutability between capital and labor, the role of different classes in society, and whether or not productive factors are fully employed, the various alternative models can be classified in a way that highlights remarkable similarities with their neoclassical counterparts. Both neoclassical and alternative theories of endogenous growth: (i) have shown that long‐run growth is sensitive to investment decisions, and (ii) rely on a linear spillover from the stock of knowledge to the production of innovations. The comparison highlights the different channels emphasized by competing theories: saving behavior and market structure in the neoclassical theories, as opposed to income distribution, the state of the labor market, and investors' behavior in alternative theories.
SOUTH–SOUTH AND NORTH–SOUTH ECONOMIC EXCHANGES: DOES IT MATTER WHO IS EXCHANGING WHAT AND WITH WHOM?
Authors: Dahi Omar S. , Demir Firat 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper surveys the literature on costs and benefits of South–South versus North–South economic exchanges. Unlike the case for North–South exchanges, academic work on South–South economic relations has been historically limited given their marginal importance in the global economy. After the 1990s, the literature has changed in two main ways. First, South–South trade and finance since then has increased dramatically, leading to a bourgeoning literature on the topic. Second, the rise of the Emerging South has opened up new lines of inquiry to include not just the traditional topics of trade and preferential trading agreements, but also cover technology transfer, capital flows, labor migration, institutions, and environment. We discuss how this literature has evolved to take into account the greater complexity of South–South relations with a focus on China in Africa as well as the blurring of the lines between heterodox and mainstream analysis of South–South relations. We end the review by showing how the empirical and theoretical literature is exploring the increasing divergence within the global South between what we refer to as the Emerging South and the Rest of South.
THE AGENT‐BASED APPROACH TO POST KEYNESIAN MACRO‐MODELING
Authors: Di Guilmi Corrado 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe paper presents a survey of Post Keynesian (PK) agent‐based (AB) models and AB models with PK features. It is argued that AB modeling is fully consistent with the PK approach and that the cross‐fertilization can benefit both areas of research. The survey focuses on how the various models have faced the issues implied by adopting a bottom–up approach in a traditionally aggregative structure and highlights the additional insights coming from this modeling strategy. Particular attention is devoted to stock‐flow consistent AB models for theivvr potential in defining a new benchmark for this type of research.
Fever under 3 months and the full septic screen: Time to think again? A retrospective cohort study at a tertiary‐level paediatric hospital
Authors: Aldridge Patrick , Rao Arjun , Sethumadavan Rebecca , Briggs Nancy 
Published: October 2017

AimTo assess adherence to the Iocal guideline (LG) for the management of fever in infants under 3 months and whether the application of a risk‐stratified protocol (RSP) to this population would miss any serious bacterial infections (SBI) compared to current practice (CP) and LG.MethodsAll presentations to the authors’ Emergency Department of infants 0–3 months with fever from 1 July 2015 to 28 April 2016 were included (n = 219), along with a detailed analysis of CP. The initial history, examination and pathology results were applied to the LG and RSP to assess what changes in management would occur. The primary end point was a missed SBI, with secondary outcomes measuring the number of invasive procedures performed, antibiotics prescribed and admissions.ResultsAdherence to the LG was 83% with three missed SBIs. Strict adherence would have resulted in eight missed SBIs. This indicates that both warranted and unwarranted variation exists in current clinical practice. Application of the RSP showed no missed SBIs but, compared to CP, indicates a statistically significant increase in admissions and full septic screens (admissions 95% vs. 83%, P < 0.05; full septic screens 82% vs. 72%, P < 0.05). Chest X‐rays were infrequently requested (10%) and the validity of use in this group warrants further study.ConclusionAn ad hoc risk‐stratified practice already exists at the authors’ institution, and application of an RSP did not miss any SBIs. Adoption and implementation of a formal RSP is currently being formulated.
Political priority of oral health in India: analysis of the reasons for neglect
Authors: Janakiram Chandrashekar , Sanjeevan Vinita , BR Rajeev , Joseph Joe , Stauf Nicole , Benzian Habib 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the political priority of oral health in India and to understand the underlying reasons for the political support oral health receives.MethodsThe analysis is based on the political power framework developed by Shiffman and Smith and modified by Benzian et al. to examine the factors that contribute to the political priority of oral health in India. The framework comprises four main analysis categories, further subdivided into 11 dimensions. Based on the set of criteria, each dimension was analyzed and rated by assigning a score to assess to what extend the criteria were met.ResultsThere is a good understanding on what defines an oral health problem, however, there is no consolidated and comprehensive approach to address oral diseases. Despite India's efforts to improve oral health‐related research, its poor utilization in terms of public health and population‐based approaches is apparent. The absence of a national surveillance system for oral health masks the severity and extent of the oral disease burden and limits the basis for advocacy on improving oral health to health decision makers. The fragmentation of actors and institutions and the absence of leaders uniting various actors in oral public health impede changes toward improving the oral health status of the population.ConclusionsLimited accessibility to oral health care, poor portrayals of the severity and extent of the burden, and inertia to address‐related challenges are important factors contributing to the low political priority of oral health.
Prospective cohort study on the efficacy and safety of telbivudine used throughout pregnancy in blocking mother‐to‐child transmission of hepatitis B virus
Authors: Yi W. , Li M.‐H. , Xie Y. , Wu J. , Hu Y.‐H. , Zhang D. , Zhang Y. , Cao W.‐H. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryWomen with chronic hepatitis B should maintain nucleotide analogue treatment to prevent disease progression during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of telbivudine used throughout pregnancy for preventing hepatitis B virus (HBV) mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT). From January 2012 to June 2014, women who were receiving telbivudine therapy and became pregnant were enrolled in group A at 28 weeks of gestation. Pregnant women with an HBV DNA level >106 IU/mL were enrolled in either group B (telbivudine started at 28 weeks of gestation) or group C (control group without treatment). MTCT was defined as infants who were positive for serum hepatitis B surface antigen at 7 months after birth. There were 41, 179 and 177 pregnant women (397 infants) enrolled in groups A, B and C, respectively. The HBV DNA load at 28 weeks of gestation and delivery was 1.50 ± 0.62 vs 1.45 ± 0.61, 8.05 ± 0.37 vs 4.24 ± 0.89 and 7.94 ± 0.62 vs 7.86 ± 0.73 log10 IU/mL in groups A, B and C, respectively. The rate of MTCT in group C was 4.60%, which was significantly higher than the rates in groups A and B (0% and 0.6%, respectively) (P = .043). The difference between group A and group B was not significant. The rates of neonatal congenital abnormalities were 2.4%, 0.6% and 2.3% in groups A, B and C, respectively, and there were no significant differences (P = .140). Telbivudine used throughout pregnancy may be safe and effective for mothers and infants, but it may not enhance the efficacy of an HBV MTCT block compared with treatment starting at 28 weeks of gestation (NCT02253485).
Recognition of Core‐ and Polymerase‐derived immunogenic peptides included in novel therapeutic vaccine by T cells from Chinese chronic hepatitis B patients
Authors: Huang D. , Sansas B. , Jiang J. H. , Gong Q. M. , Jin G. D. , Calais V. , Yu D. M. , Zhu M. Y. , Wei D. , Zhang D. H. , Inchauspé G. , Zhang X. X. , Zhu R. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryChronic hepatitis B (CHB) is one of the major public health challenges in the world. Due to a strong interplay between specific T‐cell immunity and elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV), efforts to develop novel immunotherapeutics are gaining attention. TG1050, a novel immunotherapy, has shown efficacy in an animal study. To support the clinical development of TG1050 in China, specific immunity to the fusion antigens of TG1050 was assessed in Chinese patients. One hundred and thirty subjects were divided into three groups as CHB patients, HBV spontaneous resolvers, and CHB patients with HBsAg loss after antiviral treatment. HBV‐specific T‐cell responses to pools of HBV Core or Polymerase genotype D peptides included in TG1050 were evaluated. HBV Core‐ or Polymerase‐specific cells were detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the different cohorts. The frequencies and intensities of HBV Core‐specific immune responses were significantly lower in CHB patients than in HBsAg loss subjects. In CHB patients, a dominant pool derived from Polymerase (Pol1) was the most immunogenic. CHB patients with low viral loads (<106 IU/mL) were more likely to have a positive response specific to the Core peptide pool. Overall, genotype D‐derived peptides included in TG1050 could raise broad and functional T‐cell responses in PBMCs from Chinese CHB patients infected with genotype B/C isolates. Core‐specific immunogenic domains appeared as “hot spots” with the capacity to differentiate between CHB vs HBsAg loss subjects. These observations support the extended application and associated immune monitoring of TG1050 in China.
Efficacy and safety of three adefovir‐based combination therapies in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients with suboptimal response to adefovir monotherapy
Authors: Wang M.‐L. , Chen E.‐Q. , Zhang D.‐M. , Du L.‐Y. , Yan L.‐B. , Zhou T.‐Y. , Lei X.‐Z. , Lei B.‐J. , Lu J.‐J. , Liao J. , Tang H. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryAlthough high potent nucleos(t)ide analogues are strongly recommended as first‐line therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in China, some patients are still being treated with adefovir disoproxil (ADV), especially those low‐income patients whose health insurance could not reimburse the drug cost. Therefore, the management of patients who have failed ADV therapy or who sustained renal damage during ADV therapy remains an important clinical problem in China. This retrospective study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of lamivudine (LAM), telbivudine (LdT) or entecavir (ETV) add‐on strategies to optimize the treatment of patients with prior suboptimal response to ADV monotherapy. A total of 277 eligible patients were included in this study, and the baseline characteristics were similar among the LAM + ADV (n = 116), LdT + ADV (n = 72) and ETV + ADV (n = 89) groups. At week 96, both the proportion of undetectable HBV DNA (81.03% for LAM + ADV, 84.72% for LdT + ADV and 88.76% for ETV + ADV; P = .317) and ALT elevation (5.17% for LAM + ADV, 4.17% for LdT + ADV and 4.49% for ETV + ADV; P = 1.000) were similar among the three groups; also, a significant decline in liver stiffness was observed in each group from baseline to week 96. At week 96, the rate of HBeAg seroconversion was significantly higher in LdT + ADV than in LAM + ADV (26.39% vs 13.79%, P = .031) and ETV + ADV (26.39% vs 10.11%, P = .007). During the 96 weeks, no obvious renal injury was reported in any of the three groups, but an improvement in eGFR was found in LdT + ADV compared with LAM + ADV and ETV + ADV. In summary, all three combination strategies provide good control of virus replication, but the LdT + ADV combination therapy may yield better HBeAg seroconversion and eGFR improvement.
Long‐term outcome of telbivudine versus entecavir in treating higher viral load chronic hepatitis B patients without cirrhosis
Authors: Pan H.‐Y. , Pan H.‐Y. , Song W.‐Y. , Zheng W. , Tong Y.‐X. , Yang D.‐H. , Dai Y.‐N. , Chen M.‐J. , Wang M.‐S. , Huang Y.‐C. , Zhang J.‐J. , Huang H.‐J. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryChronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with higher hepatitis B virus (HBV) load (higher viral load [HVL], HBV DNA ≥1 × 107 copies/mL) require antiviral therapy, but data for evaluating the long‐term outcome of this therapy with antiviral agents remain limited. We comparatively evaluated the efficacy and the safety of nucleoside analogues in 179 noncirrhotic CHB patients with HVL over 5 years. The HBeAg‐positive (n = 104) or HBeAg‐negative (n = 75) patients were treated consecutively with telbivudine (LdT, n = 88) or entecavir (ETV, n = 91) and evaluated for viral response, drug resistance and safety. HBV DNA, viral serology, biochemistries, HBV mutation and off‐therapy relapse were determined. The cumulative rates of HBV DNA negativity were 86.4% and 94.5% for LdT and ETV at year 5, respectively. The rates of early viral response (EVR, HBV DNA <103 copies/mL at month 6) under LdT and ETV treatments were 58.0% and 34.1%, respectively (P < .05). Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss‐seroconversions were 47.7% and 18.2% on LdT and 16.5% and 2.2% on ETV (P < .01). Eighteen patients (age 28.2 ± 3.1) experienced HBsAg loss‐seroconversion, followed by 33 ± 4.6 month off‐therapy without a relapse. Viral mutations and serum creatine kinase elevation were 9.1% and 8.0% on LdT, but only 1.1% and 0% on ETV. Both LdT and ETV suppressed HBV replication in HVL CHB patients within 5 years. LdT therapy achieved a higher EVR, HBeAg and HBsAg seroconversion, especially in the younger patients, whereas ETV caused lower drug resistance and fewer adverse events. This finding might help to identify the optimal treatment for CHB patients with HVL.
Which Desires Are Relevant to Well‐Being?
Authors: Heathwood Chris 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe desire‐satisfaction theory of well‐being says, in its simplest form, that a person's level of welfare is determined by the extent to which their desires are satisfied. A question faced by anyone attracted to such a view is,Which desires?This paper proposes a new answer to this question by characterizing a distinction among desires that isn't much discussed in the well‐being literature. This is the distinction between what a person wants in a merely behavioral sense, in that the person is, for some reason or other, disposed to act so as to try to get it, and what a person wants in a more robust sense, the sense of beinggenuinely attractedto the thing. I try to make this distinction more clear, and I argue for its axiological relevance by putting it to work in solving four problem cases for desire satisfactionism. The theory defended holds that only desires in the latter, genuine‐attraction sense are relevant to welfare.
Is there foul play in the leaf pocket? The metagenome of floating fern Azolla reveals endophytes that do not fix N2 but may denitrify
Authors: Dijkhuizen Laura W. , Brouwer Paul , Bolhuis Henk , Reichart Gert‐Jan , Koppers Nils , Huettel Bruno , Bolger Anthony M. , Li Fay‐Wei , Cheng Shifeng , Liu Xin , Wong Gane Ka‐Shu , Pryer Kathleen , Weber Andreas , Bräutigam Andrea , Schluepmann Henriette 
Published: October 2017

Summary

Dinitrogen fixation by Nostoc azollae residing in specialized leaf pockets supports prolific growth of the floating fern Azolla filiculoides. To evaluate contributions by further microorganisms, the A. filiculoides microbiome and nitrogen metabolism in bacteria persistently associated with Azolla ferns were characterized.

A metagenomic approach was taken complemented by detection of N2O released and nitrogen isotope determinations of fern biomass. Ribosomal RNA genes in sequenced DNA of natural ferns, their enriched leaf pockets and water filtrate from the surrounding ditch established that bacteria of A. filiculoides differed entirely from surrounding water and revealed species of the order Rhizobiales. Analyses of seven cultivated Azolla species confirmed persistent association with Rhizobiales.

Two distinct nearly full‐length Rhizobiales genomes were identified in leaf‐pocket‐enriched samples from ditch grown A. filiculoides. Their annotation revealed genes for denitrification but not N2‐fixation. 15N2 incorporation was active in ferns with N. azollae but not in ferns without. N2O was not detectably released from surface‐sterilized ferns with the Rhizobiales.

N2‐fixing N. azollae, we conclude, dominated the microbiome of Azolla ferns. The persistent but less abundant heterotrophic Rhizobiales bacteria possibly contributed to lowering O2 levels in leaf pockets but did not release detectable amounts of the strong greenhouse gas N2O.