bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AI robots pioneer the Smarter Inclusive Society
Authors: Hirata Yasuhisa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper outlines a project aimed at realizing a “Smarter Inclusive Society” by 2050 through the integration of AI robots into various public facilities. Led by the Cabinet Office’s “Moonshot Research and Development Program,” the project focuses on developing Adaptable AI-enabled Robots that enhance self-efficacy by supporting users’ abilities while maintaining their sense of independence. Key to the project is the Robotic Nimbus, a soft and flexible robot designed to provide tailored assistance while preserving user agency. The concept of “Adaptable AI-enabled Robots” is introduced to ensure versatility in accommodating user needs and preferences. In addition to physical assistance, the project emphasizes creating engaging experiences through activities like dance and sports, fostering excitement and inclusivity. Collaborations, such as the “Yes We Dance!” performance, demonstrate the potential of AI technology in enhancing rehabilitation opportunities and promoting social participation. By 2050, the project aims to establish a society where AI robots contribute to mental, physical, and social wellbeing, empowering individuals to engage in independent activities and fostering a vibrant, inclusive community. This paper is a compilation of articles/papers/presentations previously presented on the Moonshot Hirata project.
Groundwater monitoring in challenging environments: an argument for the construction of observation wells based on data from Niamey, Niger
Authors: Groeschke Maike , Bosch Kolja , Aboubacar Samira Daba , Kroemer Laura , Koeniger Paul , Vassolo Sara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGroundwater sampling in challenging environments often leads to compromises in following best practices to obtain representative samples from aquifers. This includes collecting samples from existing production or domestic wells instead of using properly constructed monitoring wells or using a bailer instead of a submersible pump for sampling. To address unusual patterns and trends in groundwater chemistry data collected in Niamey, Niger from 2012–2021, a state-of-the-art monthly sampling routine was established for eight wells tapping the basement aquifer. This was based on the hypothesis that the observed changes in groundwater composition were mainly due to differences in sampling technique, and the aim of the study was to gain insights into possible seasonal variations in water composition, to examine if the previously observed trends could be validated and to provide baseline data for future studies. The results indicate that in most cases the long well response zones in the stratified aquifer system led to the collection of water from different strata/aquifers or of strongly mixed samples. Therefore, any sample from those wells is only of limited value for the interpretation of hydrogeological processes. To obtain sound data for the development of groundwater management strategies, the monitoring has to be shifted from existing production wells to properly constructed monitoring wells. In the complex hydrogeological setting of Niamey, with hydraulically interacting aquifers and occurrences of density layering, it is fundamental to ensure that a monitoring well taps one specific depth of one target aquifer and that well-volume purging is applied properly.
Pedal to the metal: accelerating intracerebral hemorrhage treatment with robotic-assisted surgery. A systematic review & meta-analysis of clinical effectiveness
Authors: Łajczak Paweł , Łajczak Anna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe condition in vascular neurological surgery, often leading to high mortality and severe disability. Recent advancements in robotic-assisted (RA) systems, including ROSA, Remebot, and CAS-R-2, have shown promise in enhancing surgical precision and outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of RA systems in ICH surgery compared to conventional methods. This systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed English language articles reporting on the use of RA systems for ICH surgery in humans. Data extraction focused on surgical time, mortality rates, neurological outcomes, complication rates, and economic effectiveness. Meta-analyses were performed using R software, employing a random effects model to account for variations between studies. Seventeen studies were included in the systematic review, with thirteen qualifying for the meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that RA systems significantly reduced surgery time (MD -86.2447 [-128.5111; -43.9782], p < 0.0001) and mortality at last follow-up (OR 0.3652 [0.1457; 0.9158], p = 0.0317). RA systems also improved neurological outcomes, with lower mean modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores (MD -0.8063 [-1.0786; -0.5341], p < 0.0001) and higher Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores (MD 0.6792 [0.1599; 1.1985], p = 0.0104). Complications such as rebleeding, pulmonary infections, and intracranial infections were significantly reduced. Robot-assisted surgery may provide benefits in ICH surgery, by reducing surgery time, lowering rates of mortality, better neurological outcomes, and reduced complications. Currently, the published studies are highly prone to bias and many outcomes are very heterogenous. Additional research done on larger, more standardized studies is needed for the full ascertainment of such techniques in being integrated into normal clinical practice.
Validity of test score interpretations and cross-cultural comparisons in the First and Second International Science Studies
Authors: Sosa Paredes Yuriko K. , Andersson Björn 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn international large-scale assessments, student performance comparisons across educational systems are frequently done to assess the state and development in different domains. These results often have a large impact on educational policy and on the perceptions of an educational system’s performance. Early assessments, such as the First and Second International Science Studies (FISS and SISS), have been used alongside recent studies to create unique scales for investigating changes in constructs. The implicit assumptions in system comparisons are that the measures are valid, reliable, and comparable. However, these assumptions have not always been investigated thoroughly. This study aims to investigate the validity and cross-system comparability of scores from the FISS and SISS, conducted by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement in 1970–1971 and 1983–1984. Findings based on item response theory (IRT) modeling indicate that scores in most educational systems can be viewed as reliable measures of a single science construct, supporting the validity of test score interpretations in these educational systems individually. In a robust assessment of measurement invariance using standard IRT methods, an alignment-based method, and the root mean square difference (RMSD) fit statistic, we demonstrate that measurement invariance is violated across systems. The alignment-based method identified a well-fitting model with complex restrictions but no items exhibited invariance across all systems, a result supported by the RMSD statistics. These results question the appropriateness of score comparisons across systems in FISS and SISS. We discuss the implications of these results and outline consequences for score comparisons across time.
Emission Factors, Chemical Composition and Ecotoxicity of PM10 from Road Dust Resuspension in a Small Inland City
Authors: Cipoli Yago Alonso , Rienda Ismael Casotti , de la Campa Ana M. Sánchez , Kováts Nora , Nunes Teresa , Feliciano Manuel , Hoffer András , Jancsek-Turóczi Beatrix , Alves Célia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRoad dust resuspension in urban environments can contribute to high human exposure to metal(loid)s, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and other potentially toxic organic compounds. However, for many regions, information on loadings, emission factors and chemical profiles is lacking to accurately apply emission inventories and source apportionment models. In the present study, PM10 samples were collected with an in situ road dust sampler from eleven representative streets of Bragança, an inland city of the Iberian Peninsula, and were analysed for organic and elemental carbon by a thermal-optical technique, elemental composition by ICP-MS and ICP-OES, and ecotoxicity by a luminescence inhibition bioassay with Allivibrio fischeri. A global emission factor of 5.36 ± 2.35 mg veh−1 km−1 was obtained but in suburban areas the values reached twice the average. Total carbon accounted for 14.9 ± 6.8% of the PM10 mass, while element oxides represented the largest share (28.6 ± 18.7%). Very high enrichments were found for typical traffic-related elements such as Cu, Zn, S, Pb and Ni. The geochemical index Igeo further confirmed that road dust of the study region is extremely contaminated by elements mainly originated from tyre and brake wear. Although the total non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with metal exposure were found to be low for both children and adults, the bioluminescence inhibition assay showed (eco)toxic responses for all samples, indicating that road dust resuspension may pose a significant human health and ecological threat.
Multi-scale mechanical and acoustic characterization of low noise pavements
Authors: Poulikakos Lily. D. , Schlatter Felix , Huber Liliane , Mikhailenko Peter , Arraigada Martin , Griffa Michele , Angst Christian , Bühlmann Erik 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUsing data on in situ performance of low noise pavements, three well performing mixtures were selected: SDA 4, SDA 6, and SDA 8. These mixtures and the corresponding mastic (filler + bitumen + additive) were tested for their mechanical and acoustic performance in non-aged and aged states using a multi-scale approach (mm to km). Thereafter, an optimization protocol was applied to these mastics (mm-scale) and promising combinations were implemented at the mixture scale (cm-scale). As a result, the best performing mixture parameters were implemented in the m-scale slabs where the mechanical and acoustic performance were determined. The proposed work could uniquely combine knowledge from in situ long term and laboratory performance of low noise pavements. Using a traffic simulator and measurements before and after trafficking, the acoustic modeling showed that the modified mixtures’ noise levels were maintained after loading. This indicates that the modification assured acoustical integrity of the mixture after loading.
Mentale Repräsentationen von Inklusion und Exklusion
Authors: Krauskopf Karsten 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag in der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie widmet sich der Analyse von Exklusions- und Inklusionsdynamiken in Bildungssettings aus psychodramatischer Perspektive. Der Autor schlägt vor, das sozio-kulturelle Atom als ein Modell für die mentalen Repräsentationen von Beziehungen zu verstehen und es als Ausgangspunkt für inklusive Prozesse zu verwenden. Dabei wird Inklusion als Förderung sozialer Teilhabe definiert und die dafür notwendigen Prozesse als Reparatur(en) sozio-kultureller Atome beschrieben. Ausgehend von Forschungsergebnissen zu sozialen Beziehungen im Klassenzimmer beschreibt der Autor vier Aspekte von Behinderung sozialer Teilhabe als mentale Manipulationen sozio-kultureller Atome durch Abwesenheit, Verleugnen, Ignorieren oder Ablehnen. Es werden mögliche Ansätze für psychodramatische Interventionen zur Gestaltung inklusiver Bildungsprozesse angedeutet.
Delayed Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment in Disorders of Consciousness: Practical and Theoretical Considerations
Authors: Williams Aaron , Bass Geoffrey D. , Hampton Stephen , Klinedinst Rachel , Giacino Joseph T. , Fischer David 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDisorders of consciousness (DoC) resulting from severe acute brain injuries may prompt clinicians and surrogate decision makers to consider withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST) if the neurologic prognosis is poor. Recent guidelines suggest, however, that clinicians should avoid definitively concluding a poor prognosis prior to 28 days post injury, as patients may demonstrate neurologic recovery outside the acute time period. This practice may increase the frequency with which clinicians consider the option of delayed WLST (D-WLST), namely, WLST that would occur after hospital discharge, if the patient’s recovery trajectory ultimately proves inconsistent with an acceptable quality of life. However acute care clinicians are often uncertain about what D-WLST entails and therefore find it difficult to properly counsel surrogates about this option. Here, we describe practical and theoretical considerations relevant to D-WLST. We first identify post-acute-care facilities to which patients with DoC are likely to be discharged and where D-WLST may be considered. Second, we describe how clinicians and surrogates may determine the appropriate timing of D-WLST. Third, we outline how D-WLST is practically implemented. And finally, we discuss psychosocial barriers to D-WLST, including the regret paradox, in which surrogates of patients who do not recover to meet preestablished goals frequently choose not to ultimately pursue D-WLST. Together, these practical, logistic, and psychosocial factors must be considered when potentially deferring WLST to the post-acute-care setting to optimize neurologic recovery for patients, avoid prolonged undue suffering, and promote informed and shared decision-making between clinicians and surrogates.
Primary Mast Cell Sarcoma of the Maxillary Sinus and Gingiva Mimicking Malignant Neuroendocrine Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Cheng Tzu-Chien , Chen Jim-Ray , Wang Ren-Ching , Chang Kung-Chao , Hang Jen-Fan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMast cell sarcoma (MCS) is an extremely rare and aggressive malignancy primarily affecting bones, with limited literature associating it with neuroendocrine marker expression. This report presents a rare case of MCS arising in the maxillary sinus and gingiva. A 74-year-old man presented with a progressively enlarging ulcer on the right-sided upper gingiva. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 3.4 cm tumor on the floor of the right maxillary sinus. The patient underwent an inferior maxillectomy and right-sided neck dissection. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of monotonous round cells with oval nuclei, vesicular chromatin, inconspicuous nucleoli, and brisk mitoses. A panel of immunohistochemical stains was initially applied to exclude common sinonasal undifferentiated neoplasms, such as sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, melanoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and lymphoma. The tumor cells showed patchy staining for INSM1 and synaptophysin, but were negative for AE1/AE3, CAM5.2, p40, chromogranin, S100, HMB45, NKX2.2, desmin, CD45 (LCA), CD3, and CD20, with intact INI1 and BRG1 expression. No specific diagnosis could be rendered based on the staining results, leading to consideration of other rare malignancies. Additional staining revealed positivity for CD117, mast cell tryptase, CD13, CD33, CD43, and CD68, confirming the MCS diagnosis. Molecular testing for KIT mutation was negative. Subsequent bone marrow biopsy demonstrated infiltration of atypical mast cells, which led to a diagnosis of mast cell leukemia. Despite high-dose chemotherapy, the patient died three months after the initial diagnosis. The undifferentiated epithelioid morphology and unusual aberrant neuroendocrine marker expression posed significant diagnostic challenges. The major differential diagnoses were discussed in this report.
Clarifying some confusion: indecisiveness and procrastination are distinct constructs
Authors: Lauderdale Sean A. , Lahman Kelli R. , Desai Hela 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAversive indecisiveness is a trait-like, threat-based cognitive style associated with decision-making that is correlated with risks for and symptoms of anxiety and depression. By contrast, procrastination is the intentional delay of making a decision or pursuing a course of action despite expecting negative outcomes. In past research, the terms indecisiveness and procrastination have been used interchangeably contrary to the operationalization and nomological networks of these constructs. In this investigation, the distinction between aversive indecisiveness and procrastination was assessed and it was expected that items marking these constructs would load on distinct latent factors. It was also expected that aversive indecisiveness and procrastination would be more strongly associated with variables from their respective nomological networks. In an online survey, 500 (n = 355 women) undergraduate participants completed measures assessing aversive indecisiveness, procrastination, and other variables from their respective nomological networks. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that aversive indecisiveness, decisional procrastination, and implemental procrastination loaded on separate latent factors, with no significant cross-loadings, and sharing only a modest amount of variance. Aversive indecisiveness was more strongly predictive of neuroticism, Intolerance of Uncertainty, general distress, worry, and avoidance than procrastination. In contrast, procrastination was more strongly predictive of conscientiousness and self-discipline than aversive indecisiveness. Both aversive indecisiveness and procrastination were equally correlated with anxious arousal, anhedonic depression, and emotionally driven impulsivity. Implications for future research of the measurement and explication of indecisiveness are discussed.
Opportunities and challenges for identifying undiagnosed Rare Disease patients through analysis of primary care records: long QT syndrome as a test case
Authors: Evans William , Akyea Ralph K. , Simms Alex , Kai Joe , Qureshi Nadeem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with rare genetic diseases frequently experience significant diagnostic delays. Routinely collected data in the electronic health record (EHR) may be used to help identify patients at risk of undiagnosed conditions. Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rare inherited cardiac condition associated with significant morbidity and premature mortality. In this study, we examine LQTS as an exemplar disease to assess if clinical features recorded in the primary care EHR can be used to develop and validate a predictive model to aid earlier detection.

Methods
1495 patients with an LQTS diagnostic code and 7475 propensity-score matched controls were identified from 10.5 million patients’ electronic primary care records in the UK’s Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Associated clinical features recorded before diagnosis (with p < 0.05) were incorporated into a multivariable logistic regression model, the final model was determined by backwards regression and validated by bootstrapping to determine model optimism.

Results
The mean age at LQTS diagnosis was 58.4 (SD 19.41). 18 features were included in the final model. Discriminative accuracy, assessed by area under the curve (AUC), was 0.74, (95% CI 0.73, 0.75) (optimism 6%). Features occurring at significantly greater frequency before diagnosis included: epilepsy, palpitations, syncope, collapse, mitral valve disease and irritable bowel syndrome.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the potential to develop primary care prediction models for rare conditions, like LQTS, in routine primary care records and highlights key considerations including disease suitability, finding an appropriate linked dataset, the need for accurate case ascertainment and utilising an approach to modelling suitable for rare events.
“Which Proof for Which Class?” Factors Influencing the Selection of Mathematical Proofs for Teaching
Authors: Sommerhoff Daniel , Brunner Esther , Ufer Stefan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Selecting a proof for teaching is a frequent task for teachers. However, it is so far unclear, which factors are considered by teachers when selecting proofs. Is the selection based on task and proof characteristics such as the didactical type of proof? Or based on class characteristics such as students’ algebraic skills? Or do teachers’ characteristics such as their proof skills govern their decision? Or is the selection too non-generic for these characteristics to show a meaningful impact?
To address these questions, a quasi-experimental study with N = 183 pre-service teachers was conducted to evaluate the influence of each of these factors on their selection of proofs for teaching. Results highlight several significant effects of the abovementioned characteristics and underline that—even at the pre-service level—the selection of proofs is more nuanced than often assumed in prior research and that teachers deliberately and adaptively select proofs for their teaching based on these factors.
Just Simulating? Linguistic Support for Continuism About Remembering and Imagining
Authors: Liefke Kristina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMuch recent work in philosophy of memory discusses the question whether episodic remembering is continuous with imagining. This paper contributes to the debate between continuists and discontinuists by considering a previously neglected source of evidence for continuism: the linguistic properties of overt memory and imagination reports (e.g. sentences of the form ‘x remembers/imagines p’). I argue that the distribution and truth-conditional contribution of episodic uses of the English verb remember is surprisingly similar to that of the verb imagine – even when compared to the distribution of other experiential attitude verbs like see, hallucinate, or dream. This holds despite the presence of some remarkable truth-conditional differences between remember and imagine. I show how these differences can be explained by a continuist account of remembering, on which remembering is past-directed, referential, and accurate experiential imagining.