bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acteurs, scénarios et discours: la mobilisation en réseaux de la biodiversité
Authors: Toro Pérez Catalina 
Published: June 2017

La «biodiversidad » no expresa solamente la variabilidad de especies, organismos y estructuras moleculares en diferente nivel y complejidad o bien la gran diversidad de culturas, etnias y prácticas sociales vernaculares. La biodiversidad es ante todo una construcción de sentido que revela una representación institucional de la idea de una sociedad planetaria reconstruida a partir de una forma de determinación biológica. Es la expresión de un sistema de intervención global excluyente, construida por las sociedades del Norte para las sociedades del sur en el contexto global de la ciencia, la cultura y el comercio. Es una visión de mundo que se manifiesta como el nuevo Contrato Social del Planeta, donde aparecen tiempos y espacios ancestrales y milenaristas en la puesta en escena de la Gran Negociación, en Río 92. Ella revela en particular un nuevo modo de intervención global de la llamada “sociedad en red” en un nuevo universo de sentido de las políticas públicas: la gobernabilidad sin gobierno. La expresión de «gobernabilidad global», que pertenece al lenguaje de la mundialización asocia entre los grupos que constituyen la Política Publica no solo a los gobiernos nacionales o a las instituciones supranacionales, también incluye a las corporaciones tales como empresas y centros de investigación privados. Las nuevas redes de individuos comprendidos a la escala internacional, también constituyen una expresión de poder y de pre-distribución de recursos simbólicos y materiales. Queremos presentar la historia de esta « sociedad en red » ambientalista del primer mundo, y su rol de mediador y traductor de los referentes de seguridad global y de identidad asociados a la biodiversidad en las sociedades llamadas del sur. Pero, ella no es necesariamente una nueva sociedad fuera de toda soberanía: por el contrario ella es funcional a los intereses económicos que soportan los centros de poder hegemónicos. Estamos convencidos que la capacidad de los Estados Unidos y sus aliados para combinar a la vez, su poder particular con una teoría general de la coordinación global, expresa la matriz de su propia historia social. (Panitch, 2004) La sociedad en red es coherente con esta teoría general de coordinación. Con el argumento de la necesidad de la protección de la biodiversidad a través de la experimentación y el comercio de los organismos vivos para resolver los problemas del hambre de los pobres, se permite el libre acceso y apropiación del patrimonio natural y cultural de las sociedades del sur. La historia responderá a los escépticos. Pero la ciencia debe continuar. A nombre de la ciencia y la técnica, el nuevo Dios, se refuerza la dominación cultural de los expertos como la expresión de una sociedad tecnificada con una política cientifizada que impone y opone la tecnocracia en remplazo de la democracia. (Habermas 1973).
Photojournalism: Diverse Concepts, Uniform Practices
Authors: Capovilla Luz Ramos Julia , Marocco Beatriz Alcaraz 
Published: June 2017

This paper is a review of the historical development of the concept of photojournalism. It presents thoughts on the field without trying to reconcile the differences or invalidate established ideas on the singularity of photojournalism knowledge and performance as it is connected to professional ethos or media norms. The conclusion was drawn that photojournalism is constituted as an object of theoretical discussion whose revision requires effort from the researcher to understand much of what is said about the field while the professionals within in the practice itself arm themselves with arguments against amateurs and their growing intervention in media. The bricolage which is presented, inspired by Lévi-Strauss, was formed with “what was at hand”; meaning a good part of its construction came from the remains of previous constructions (LÉVY-STRAUSS, 1989, p. 32-38). O presente trabalho faz uma revisão do conceito de fotojornalismo em sua trajetória histórica. Expõe-se um pensamento sobre o campo, sem a pretensão de aplainar diferenças ou subjugar as ideias formuladas sobre a singularidade do saber e do fazer fotojornalístico vinculados ao ethos profissional ou à normatividade das mídias. Conclui-se que o fotojornalismo se configura em objeto de disputa teórica cuja revisão exige, por parte do pesquisador, um esforço em entender que muito se diz sobre o campo enquanto na prática os profissionais se armam de argumentos frente aos diletantes e sua crescente interferência nas mídias. A bricolagem apresentada, sob inspiração de Lévi-Strauss, foi formada com “aquilo que se tem à mão”, sendo boa parte dessa construção proveniente do que restou de construções anteriores (LÉVY-STRAUSS, 1989, p. 32-38). Este artículo revisa el concepto de fotoperiodismo en su trayectoria histórica. Expone un pensamiento sobre el campo, sin pretensión de suavizar las diferencias o subyugar las ideas formuladas sobre la singularidad del saber y del hacer fotoperiódico relacionados con el ethos profesional o la normatividad de los medios de comunicación. Se concluye que el fotoperiodismo está configurado en objeto de disputas teóricas cuya revisión requiere, por parte del investigador, un esfuerzo por entender que se habla mucho el campo, mientras que en la práctica los profesionales estan llenos de argumentos bajo a los diletantes y su creciente interferencia en los medios de comunicación. La bricolage presentada, bajo la inspiración de Levi-Strauss, se formó a "lo que está a la mano", y gran parte de esta construcción de lo que quedó de las construcciones anteriores (LÉVY-STRAUSS, 1989, p. 32-38).Photojournalism: Diverse Concepts, Uniform Practices
Toponyms: Neglected wallflower or pot of lenty
Authors: Schaefer Ronald P 
Published: June 2017

Threats of imminent extinction motivate language documentation; they also allow place name neglect. This paper examines settlement names within Africa’s Edoid group. Village nomenclature converges on a restricted range of conventions; however, interethnic contact has led to non-Edoid toponyms for three villages. Two derive from the trade language Hausa. A third links to Igbo blacksmiths supporting rainforest penetration with iron tools, as is evident in cognate vocabulary. Iron use most naturally follows a pastoral era outside the rainforest, which number prefixes on herd-animal nouns support. Toponymic studies thus remind us of the benefit accrued when documentation looks beyond “the single ancestral code.”
Magnetospheric Truncation, Tidal Inspiral, and the Creation of Short-period and Ultra-short-period Planets
Authors: Lee Eve J. , Chiang Eugene 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Sub-Neptunes around FGKM dwarfs are evenly distributed in log orbital period down to ∼10 days, but dwindle in number at shorter periods. Both the break at ∼10 days and the slope of the occurrence rate down to ∼1 day can be attributed to the truncation of protoplanetary disks by their host star magnetospheres at corotation. We demonstrate this by deriving planet occurrence rate profiles from empirical distributions of pre-main-sequence stellar rotation periods. Observed profiles are better reproduced when planets are distributed randomly in disks—as might be expected if planets formed in situ—rather than piled up near disk edges, as would be the case if they migrated in by disk torques. Planets can be brought from disk edges to ultra-short (<1 day) periods by asynchronous equilibrium tides raised on their stars. Tidal migration can account for how ultra-short-period planets are more widely spaced than their longer-period counterparts. Our picture provides a starting point for understanding why the sub-Neptune population drops at ∼10 days regardless of whether the host star is of type FGK or early M. We predict planet occurrence rates around A stars to also break at short periods, but at ∼1 day instead of ∼10 days because A stars rotate faster than stars with lower masses (this prediction presumes that the planetesimal building blocks of planets can drift inside the dust sublimation radius).
Active Galactic Nuclei with a Low-metallicity Narrow-line Region
Authors: Kawasaki Kota , Nagao Tohru , Toba Yoshiki , Terao Koki , Matsuoka Kenta 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Low-metallicity active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are interesting to study for the early phase of AGN evolution. However, most AGNs are chemically matured, and accordingly, low-metallicity AGNs are extremely rare. One approach to search for low-metallicity AGNs systematically is utilizing the so-called BPT diagram that consists of the [O iii]λ5007/Hβ

and [N ii]

/Hα

flux ratios. Specifically, photoionization models predict that low-metallicity AGNs show a high [O iii]λ5007/Hβλ4861 ratio and a relatively low [N ii]λ6584/Hαλ6563 ratio that corresponds to the location between the sequence of star-forming galaxies and that of usual AGNs on the BPT diagram (hereafter “the BPT valley”). However, other populations of galaxies such as star-forming galaxies and AGNs with a high electron density or a high-ionization parameter could be also located in the BPT valley, not only low-metallicity AGNs. In this paper, we examine whether most of the emission-line galaxies at the BPT valley are low-metallicity AGNs or not. We select 70 BPT-valley objects from 212,866 emission-line galaxies obtained by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Among the 70 BPT-valley objects, 43 objects show firm evidence of the AGN activity, i.e., the He ii
λ4686 emission and/or weak but significant broad Hα emission. Our analysis shows that those 43 BPT-valley AGNs are not characterized by a very high gas density nor ionization parameter, inferring that at least 43 among 70 BPT-valley objects (i.e.,

%) are low-metallicity AGNs. This suggests that the BPT diagram is an efficient tool to search for low-metallicity AGNs.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Cinnamon Bark Oil on Lactobacillus acidophilus and its Effect on Compressive Strength of Glass Ionomer Cement
Authors: Bhanushali Sheetal 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study is to evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cinnamon bark oil against Lactobacillus acidophilus and incorporate it in the liquid component of glass ionomer cement (GIC) followed by determination of its effect on the compressive strength.

Materials and methods
Antibacterial effect of various concentrations of cinnamon bark oil was evaluated using broth microdilution method with 96-well tissue culture plate. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the cinnamon bark oil against L. acidophilus was determined and that concentration was then incorporated into the liquid component of the GIC, and its compressive strength was evaluated. For compressive strength testing, teflon mold of 4 mm diameter and 6 mm height was used for the preparation of samples. The prepared specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours in an incubator. After 24 hours, the samples were subjected to the universal testing machine at a speed of 1 mm/minute for compressive strength evaluation. The maximum load required to fracture the specimen was recorded.

Results
A volume of 20 ìL/mL was found to be the MIC of the cinnamon bark oil against L. acidophilus. The mean compressive strengths of conventional and cinnamon bark oil-incorporated GIC revealed no significant difference.

Conclusion
Cinnamon bark oil has antibacterial property against L. acidophilus. Incorporation of 2% v/v cinnamon bark oil did not adversely affect the compressive strength of GIC.

Clinical significance
By incorporating this bacteriostatic agent to GIC, the progress of caries and failure of restorations can be prevented by inhibiting the growth of L. acidophilus. Clinically, it can be used in cases of deep dentinal caries, early childhood caries, rampant caries, and patients with high caries index.

How to cite this article
Bhanushali S, Srilatha KT, Girish MS. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Cinnamon Bark Oil on Lactobacillus acidophilus and its Effect on Compressive Strength of Glass Ionomer Cement. World J Dent 2017;8(3):164-170.
Odontometric and Skull Anthropometric Parameters as a Forensic Tool in Stature Estimation: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: (Gadbail) Mugdha Mankar 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between height of an individual with the circumference of skull and combined mesiodistal width (CMDW) of the permanent maxillary anterior teeth in forensic and medicolegal investigations.Materials and methodsIn this study, 100 persons were evaluated. Mesiodistal widths of the permanent maxillary anterior teeth and height and circumference of the skull were measured. Linear regression analysis was used for the known heights of the combined data and data for males and females against the odontometric and anthropometric variables.ResultsHighly significant correlation was observed between height and other parameters for combined data and data for males. There was statistically significant difference between equation relating height to the CMDW of the maxillary anterior teeth and equation relating height to head circumference.ConclusionIt can be stated that the skull with teeth may provide accurate clues to stature from an individual's fragmentary remains and thus provide a reliable method of estimation of height from skeletal remains during forensic investigations.Clinical significanceOdontometric parameters along with regression equations may be used as a supplementary approach for stature estimation, especially in situations of unavailability of extremities. In the advancement of field of forensic odontology, skull anthropometry including maxillary extent, mesiodistal dimension of anteriors, and circumference of the skull are beneficial for stature estimation.How to cite this articleGondivkar SM, Gadbail AR, Vedpathak PR, Sarode S, Sarode G, Mankar M, Patil S. Odontometric and Skull Anthropometric Parameters as a Forensic Tool in Stature Estimation: A Cross-sectional Analysis. World J Dent 2017;8(3):202-206
Prevalence of Partial Edentulousness and Treatment needs in Rural Population of South India
Authors: Jain Ashish R 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionOral disease creates a major public health burden worldwide and receives inadequate attention in many low- and middle-income countries (WHO 2003).AimThe aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of tooth loss and treatment needs of a rural adult population in South India.Materials and methodsA descriptive point prevalence survey was conducted in three rural districts of Tamil Nadu, South India. A total of 3,000 subjects with a mean age of 36.2 (standard deviation 13.02) years participated in a clinical examination and interview. They were divided into three groups based on age: Group I — 18 to 30 years, group II — 31 to 50 years, and group III — 51 to 80 years.ResultsThe overall prevalence of tooth loss was 48.7%. The most commonly occurring type of partial edentulousness was Kennedy's class III in maxilla comprising 23.3% followed by mandible 22.1%. Mandibular first molar was the most common missing tooth. The prevalence of tooth loss was more in males (58.2%) than females (41.8%). Group III subjects had the highest incidence of tooth loss.ConclusionThe prevalence of tooth loss in South Indian rural population was 48.7%. The most common reason for tooth loss was dental caries which accounted for 50% followed by periodontal reasons 30% and others 10%. Fixed type of prosthesis was the preferred type of restoration for all the individuals with tooth loss, but affordability was the major factor that determined the treatment of the patients.How to cite this articleAshraf J, Jain AR, Ariga P, Nallaswamy D. Prevalence of Partial Edentulousness and Treatment needs in Rural Population of South India. World J Dent 2017;8(3):213-217.
Management of an Endodontic-periodontal Lesion caused by Iatrogenic Restoration
Authors: Alfawaz Yasser 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
This clinical case report demonstrates the successful management of a complex endodontic-periodontal iatrogenic lesion following a critical evaluation and decision-making process with interdisciplinary treatment strategies.

Background
Defective dental restorations can affect the periodontal and endodontic health of the teeth.

Case Report
An endodontic-periodontal lesion that resulted from a faulty restoration in a 30-year-old male patient is reported. The management of the case is done through periodontal and endodontic treatment. The detailed method of managing of this type of cases is discussed.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the use of a systematic diagnosis process will help in the identification and treatment of iatrogenic endodontic-periodontal lesions.

Clinical significance
The correct management of endodonticperiodontal lesions can impede the loss of the involved teeth.

How to cite this article
Alfawaz Y. Management of an Endodontic- periodontal Lesion caused by Iatrogenic Restoration. World J Dent 2017;8(3):239-246.
Infertility Counseling
Authors: Laisure Beth N 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTInfertility, whether reasons known or unexplained, has been shown to cause a high amount of stress for people who receive this diagnosis. Increased emotional stress can lead to more of a decreased chance of conception, along with other medical problems. Around the world infertility counseling is becoming a new focus for medical professionals to work combined with fertility treatments and help couples conceive. Couples using medicines to help with conception, undergoing intrauterine insemination, andin vitrofertilization who have added counseling to treatment have shown an increase in conception rates.How to cite this articleLaisure BN. Infertility Counseling. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2017;8(1):32-35.
Assessment of Oral Hygiene Knowledge, Practices, and Concepts of Tobacco Usage among Engineering Students in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Authors: Dash Kailash C , Bandyopadhyay Alokenath , Panda Abikshyeet , Behura Shyam S , Bhuyan Lipsa , Raghuvanshi Malvika 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
This study aimed to assess oral hygiene-related knowledge and practices among engineering students of Bhubaneswar city and also to evaluate the concepts about the side effects of tobacco usage among those students.

Materials and methods
The study was conducted using a self-administered, close-ended questionnaire to assess the oral hygiene knowledge and practices and study the concepts on tobacco usage among 362 engineering students of Bhubaneswar city, Odisha, India. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 20.0.

Results
This survey found that 26.51% of the students had never visited a dentist. Nearly 43.64% of the participants were cognizant of the fact that improper brushing is the reason of tooth decay. About 47% of the participants consumed alcohol and 32.6% had the habit of chewing tobacco, though 80% were aware that use of smokeless tobacco can impair oral health and cause cancer and use of alcohol has detrimental effect on oral health.

Conclusion
Knowledge with respect to oral health among engineering students of Bhubaneswar city is adequate regarding using fluoridated toothpaste and flosses. However, an unhealthy snacking habit, overusage of toothbrushes, consumption of alcohol, and practicing tobacco habit show the lack of oral health knowledge in these students.

Clinical significance
Our study provides an idea about the present scenario in terms of oral hygiene and tobacco usage in young individuals. This can form the basis for oral health education and tobacco cessation program. Moreover, as the habit of tobacco usage starts early during college life, adequate knowledge about its ill-effects would prevent deadly diseases, such as potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer.

How to cite this article
Bandyopadhyay A, Bhuyan L, Panda A, Dash KC, Raghuvanshi M, Behura SS. Assessment of Oral Hygiene Knowledge, Practices, and Concepts of Tobacco Usage among Engineering Students in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(6):423-428.
Tooth Wear Patterns among Khat and Shammah Users in Jazan City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Bhandi Shilpa H , Sayed Mohammed E , Mugri Maryam H , Hakami Bassam M , Hamdi Ammar D 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
The effect of Khat and Shammah habits, with the parafunctional jaw activities that accompany them, on the structure and integrity of the natural dentition has not yet been investigated. The literature lacks studies that identify the patterns of tooth wear among Khat and Shammah users. Therefore, this study is the first attempt to address this concern in Jazan City population, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among 300 recruits among dental clinics in Jazan City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from October 1, 2015, to April 30, 2016. Questionnaires were used for data collection on oral habits (Khat and Shammah use), age, gender, intake of acidic food or beverages, food habits (intake of fruits, grains, and vegetables), systemic diseases, oral hygiene habits (brushing frequency, technique, and type of toothbrush), parafunctional habits, stress, and acid reflux. Clinical examination was performed to assess the grade of tooth wear. Bivariate analysis was performed to determine the empirical relationship between the independent variables and outcomes. In addition, binary logistic regressions were used to measure the relationship between the independent variables and each of the dependent variables (presence of occlusal wear, tooth wear grade 0 through 4).

Results
Khat and Shammah use was statistically significantly associated with tooth wear (p < 0.05). A significant association of tooth wear was observed with age, gender, intake of acidic food and beverages, oral hygiene habits, and stress.

Conclusion
Consumption of Khat and Shammah may be attributed as one of the major reasons associated with tooth wear among the Saudi population.

Clinical significance
The habitual use of Khat and Shammah causes tooth wear of varying severity, which may negatively affect esthetics, phonetics, and function and necessitate a complex restorative treatment.

How to cite this article
Sayed ME, Hamdi AD, Hakami BM, Mugri MH, Bhandi SH. Tooth Wear Patterns among Khat and Shammah Users in Jazan City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Crosssectional Survey. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(6):429-436.