bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synovial fluid white cell count and histopathological examination of periprosthetic tissue samples (frozen and permanent sections) in the diagnosis of prosthetic knee infection
Authors: Obada B. , Iliescu Mădălina , Serban Al. O. , Tecu Camelia , Nicolau Anca 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine prospectively the importance of synovial fluid white cell count and intraoperative frozen and permanent sections analysis (number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes per high-power field) in the diagnosis of septic total knee arthroplasty. There were studied prospectively 72 patients who needed a revision total knee arthroplasty between 2013-2015. 30 patients were diagnosed with prosthetic joint infection due to high rates of ESR (93%) and CRP (90%) and preoperative positive culture from aspirated synovial fluid and 42 patients were considered to have aseptic failure according to negative preoperative culture from joint aspirate. For all the patients was analysed synovial fluid white cell count and histopathological aspect of intraoperative frozen and permanent sections of periprosthetic tissue. The results showed a median value of 13800 of sinovial white cells count for infected knee and 92 for noninfected knee. 90% of the patients with joint infection had more than 5 polymorphonuclear leukocytes per high power field on intraoperative frozen sections and 83% on permanent sections. None of the patients from aseptic group had more than 5 polymorphonuclear leukocytes per field on permanent sections. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level can be supplemented with cultures of aspirated joint fluid and fluid white cell count to confirm the diagnosis of periprosthetic infection. When the preoperative diagnosis remain unclear, the histological examination of frozen or permanent sections of periprosthetic tissue with at least 5 polymorphonuclear leukocytes per high power field, is predictive for the presence of infection.
Efficacy Of Pegylated Interferon And Ribavirin Treatment In Coinfected HIV HCV Patients
Authors: Dumitru Irina Magdalena , Dumitru Eugen , Tuta Liliana Ana , Rugina Sorin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe objectives of the study were to determine the efficacy of pegylated interferon alfa 2 b (PegINF) and ribavirin (RBV) treatment in co-infected HIV / HCV patients, to identify predictive factors associated with sustained viral response (SVR) in these patients. Out of the 956 HIV infected patients, 38 were HCVAb (4%) positive, 14 of which had undetectable HCV RNA, only 6 patients met the inclusion criteria. Screening failure was due to: liver cirrhosis Child Pugh B / C, hepatocellular carcinoma, pulmonary TB, thyroid dysfunction, CD4 <200 cells3, detectable HIV RNA and depressive syndrome. We initiated PegINF and RBV therapy for 48 weeks. SVR was achieved in 16.6% of cases (only one patient) and correlated with HCV RNA level, CD4 count, duration of HIV infection, CDC classification and liver fibrosis. In conclusion, our study group has a low prevalence of HIV / HCV co-infection (2.6%) with a large number of patients HCVAb positive but undetectable HCV RNA. Positive predictive factors for SVR were: low levels of HCV RNA, small duration of HIV infection, high levels of CD4, B1/B2 (CDC classification) and low degree of fibrosis.
Analyses Of Research For Understanding The Problems Of Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Catrinoiu Doina , Craciun L. R. , Cristea Sorina-Alina 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In spite of advances in the management of diabetes mellitus, late complications still represent a problem. Research suggests that improved metabolic control, including the change of lifestyle, which requires the patient’s own willingness and ability to adapt, could limit those complications. This article is intended to provide the background to a long-term research programme designed to gain a deeper understanding of diabetic patients′ perspectives in their attempt to adapt. It uses the experiences of further groups of diabetic patients, in an attempt to show the usefulness of a cumulative approach towards the building up of a theoretical framework.
Aims of study
This study aims to:
1. give a background to a long-term qualitative theory generating study concerning patients' experiences of managing diabetes.
2. argue that diabetic patients (and nursing as a discipline) might benefit from qualitative research with a focus on the patients’ perspective.
Weak and Strong Superiorization: Between Feasibility-Seeking and Minimization
Authors: Censor Yair 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We review the superiorization methodology, which can be thought of, in some cases, as lying between feasibility-seeking and constrained minimization. It is not quite trying to solve the full edged constrained minimization problem; rather, the task is to find a feasible point which is superior (with respect to an objective function value) to one returned by a feasibility-seeking only algorithm. We distinguish between two research directions in the superiorization methodology that nourish from the same general principle: Weak superiorization and strong superiorization and clarify their nature.
Water ow on vegetated hill. 1D shallow water equation type model
Authors: Ion Stelian , Marinescu Dorin , Ion Anca Veronica , Cruceanu Stefan Gicu , Iordache Virgil 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
A mathematical model for the water ow on a hill covered by variable distributed vegetation is proposed in this article. The model takes into account the variation of the geometrical properties of the terrain surface, but it assumes that the surface exhibits large curvature radius. After describing some theoretical properties for this model, we introduce a simplified model and a well-balanced numerical approximation scheme for it. Some mathematical properties with physical relevance are discussed and finally, some numerical results are presented.
Measuring the Hemodynamic Flow in the Brachial-Ulnar-Radial Arterial System
Authors: Morega Alexandru M. , Săvăstru Cristina , Morega Mihaela 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Cardiovascular investigations start with the arterial blood pressure measurement and the easiest and accessible approach takes the recording of the systolic and diastolic pressure levels by a sphygmomanometer, usually during compression of the upper arm, or the wrist (same level as the heart), on the path of the brachial artery. More information on arterial hemodynamic, beyond blood pressure monitoring, could result from investigations based on the pulse wave analysis, like applanation tonometry, which is based on pressure sensed on the arm’s surface, at several observation points along the brachial tree.
The reactivity and the accuracy of the sensors depend on their design; capacitive and piezoelectric sensors are good candidates for this task. Based on numerical analysis, the work presented here evaluates the usage of applanation tonometry data for the investigation of hemodynamic parameters and examines some technical and medical aspects of the method. The multiphysics numerical model assembles three different problems: hemodynamic flow, structural deformation of the arm and generation of electricity through deformable sensors.
Solute transport in aquifers with evolving scale heterogeneity
Authors: Suciu N. , Attinger S. , Radu F. A. , Vamoș C. , Vanderborght J. , Vereecken H. , Knabner P. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Transport processes in groundwater systems with spatially heterogeneous properties often exhibit anomalous behavior. Using first-order approximations in velocity fluctuations we show that anomalous superdiffusive behavior may result if velocity fields are modeled as superpositions of random space functions with correlation structures consisting of linear combinations of short-range correlations. In particular, this corresponds to the superposition of independent random velocity fields with increasing integral scales proposed as model for evolving scale heterogeneity of natural porous media [Gelhar, L. W. Water Resour. Res. 22 (1986), 135S-145S]. Monte Carlo simulations of transport in such multi-scale fields support the theoretical results and demonstrate the approach to superdiffusive behavior as the number of superposed scales increases.
Survey analysis of soil physicochemical factors that influence the distribution of Cordyceps in the Xiahe Region of Gansu Province
Authors: He Shuling , Ma Lingfa , Zhao Kentian , Yang Jingjun , Chang Yuwei 
Published: April 2017

Abstract:In this paper, we studied the influence of soil physicochemical factors on the distribution of Cordyceps. We found that in the soil layers at different depths, the differences in pH values, total N (TN), total P (TP), available P (AP) and available K (AK) were not significant, but the differences in soil water content (WC), soil organic matter (OM), hydrolysable nitrogen (HN) and AK were significant. In the 5-10 cm layer, WC, pH and TP were significant factors that influence the distribution of Cordyceps - the number of Cordyceps was the largest and the characterization of the Cordyceps was also the best. TP was an important factor for the first principle component of the soil physicochemical properties that influenced the population distribution of Cordyceps. pH value was an important factor for the the second principal component of the soil physicochemical properties that influenced population distribution, and WC was an important factor for the third principal component, the soil physicochemical properties. This demonstrates that the requirement of Cordyceps for specific ranges of WC, soil acidity-alkalinity and AP in soil layers is very high.
Evaluating new HbA1c methods for adoption by the IFCC and NGSP reference networks using international quality targets
Authors: Lenters-Westra Erna , English Emma 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackground:As a reference laboratory for HbAMethods:The effect of hemoglobin variants, other potential interferences and the performance in comparison to both the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) and the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) reference systems was assessed using certified evaluation protocols.Results:Each of the evaluated HbAConclusions:All three methods performed well and are suitable for clinical application in the analysis of HbA
Rapid prediction of damage on a struck ship accounting for side impact scenario models
Authors: Prabowo Aditya Rio , Bae Dong Myung , Sohn Jung Min , Zakki Ahmad Fauzan , Cao Bo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe impact phenomenon is inseparable part of every physical things, from substantial particle until macrostructure namely ship. In ship collisions, short-period load is distributed during impact process from striking ship into struck ship. The kinetic energy that is used to move striking ship is absorbed by struck ship that makes its structure undergoes plastic deformation and failure. This paper presents study that focuses on predicting occurred damage on side hull of struck ship for various impact scenario models. These scenarios are calculated by finite element approach to obtain characteristic on damage, energy as well as load during and after impact processes. The results indicate that the damages on impact to longitudinal components such as main and car decks are smaller than impact to transverse structure components. The damage and deformation are widely distributed to almost side structures including inner structure. The width between outer and inner shells is very affecting the damage mode where the width below the two meters will make inner shell experience damage beyond plastic deformation. The contribution of structure components is proofed deliver significant effect to damage mode and material strengths clearly affect the results in energy and load characteristic.
New insights into the decomposition mechanism of chlorine dioxide at alkaline pH
Authors: Marcon Jennifer , Mortha Gérard , Marlin Nathalie , Molton Florian , Duboc Carole , Burnet Auphélia 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe mechanism of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) decomposition in an alkaline medium has been investigated. The formation of radicals and chlorinated species was studied in aqueous solutions containing ClO2and simple model compounds of lignin or cellulose (vanillin, vanillyl alcohol, veratryl alcohol, methylglucoside and cellobiose) at acidic and alkaline pHs. Because hypochlorite (ClO−) is an intermediate occurring in the course of the reaction mechanism, similar experiments were carried out with solutions of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) at alkaline and acidic pHs. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy based on the spin-trapping technique revealed the presence of hydroxyl radicals (HO˙) at alkaline pH with ClO2alone or with model compounds. At the same pH, only a small amount of HO˙ was detected with ClO−. Chlorite (ClO2−) and chlorate (ClO3−) ions were dosed with iodometric titrations, both during ClO2alkaline decomposition and during reactions with model compounds. Vanillin and vanillyl alcohol were oxidized by ClO2. The intermediate ClO2−was either inert or reacted with the aldehyde function of vanillin. Cellobiose was attacked only in an alkaline medium, either directly by ClO2or indirectly by HO˙ radicals. This resulted in the formation of glucose, which was then degraded by ClO2−ions. The generation of HO˙ could be one reason for cellulose degradation by ClO2at alkaline pH, but possibly not the unique one, as it was not proved in this article, whether or not ClO2is able to directly attach the OH functions of anhydrosugars at alkaline pH.
Effect of Laser Welding Parameters on Weld Bowing Distortion of Thin Plates
Authors: Huang ZunYue , Luo Zhen , Ao SanSan , Cai YangChuan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWeld bowing distortions are detrimental to the assembly process, where laser process parameters such as laser power, welding speed, defocusing distance and gas flow rate play a significant role in determining the weld bowing distortion. Herein, weld bowing distortions in 1-mm-thick AA5052 aluminum were measured by the digital image correlation technique following laser welding. Two mathematical response models were developed to predict the laser weld bowing distortion according to the central composite rotatable design method. The optimized process parameters for minimum bowing distortion were obtained, and the influence of the laser process parameters on the weld bowing distortions was found.
High-Temperature Creep Behaviour and Positive Effect on Straightening Deformation of Q345c Continuous Casting Slab
Authors: Guo Long , Zhang Xingzhong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMechanical and creep properties of Q345c continuous casting slab subjected to uniaxial tensile tests at high temperature were considered in this paper. The minimum creep strain rate and creep rupture life equations whose parameters are calculated by inverse-estimation using the regression analysis were derived based on experimental data. The minimum creep strain rate under constant stress increases with the increase of the temperature from 1000 °C to 1200 °C. A new casting machine curve with the aim of fully using high-temperature creep behaviour is proposed in this paper. The basic arc segment is cancelled in the new curve so that length of the straightening area can be extended and time of creep behaviour can be increased significantly. For the new casting machine curve, the maximum straightening strain rate at the slab surface is less than the minimum creep strain rate. So slab straightening deformation based on the steel creep behaviour at high temperature can be carried out in the process of Q345c steel continuous casting. The effect of creep property at high temperature on slab straightening deformation is positive. It is helpful for the design of new casting machine and improvement of old casting machine.
Dynamic Nonlinear Feedback Control Applied to Improve Butanol Production by Clostridium acetobutylicum
Authors: Velázquez-Sánchez H. I , Lara-Cisneros G. , Femat R. , Aguilar-López R. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The goal of this work is to present a closed-loop operational strategy in order to improve the butanol production in an anaerobic continuous bioreactor for the called Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) process. The proposed control scheme considers a class of feedback signal which includes a nonlinear bounded function of the regulation error. The control scheme is applied to a phenomenological unstructured kinetic model obtained from an experimental and metabolic study of butanol production by Clostridium acetobutylicum, which allows the proposed structure to predict several operational conditions from batch and continuous regimes. Numerical experiments using the proposed model considering continuous operation were performed in order to find a feasible operating region for maximum butanol production at open-loop regime. The proposed methodology is applied to regulate the product concentration, manipulating the dilution rate to lead to a higher butanol productivity. The closed-loop behaviour of the bioreactor is analysed, finding that the proposed controller minimizes the response time of the system and allows it to achieve a productivity gain of 55 % over open-loop operation. Further numerical experiments show the satisfactory closed-loop performance of the proposed methodology in comparison with a PI controller.
Thou Shall Not Kill: The Constitutionality of Death Penalty Under Nigerian Legal System
Authors: Duru Onyekachi W. , Nwafor Ndubuisi A. , Nwabachili Chioma O. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Two wrongs cannot make a right; there is hardly any justification for the continual use of capital punishment (death) as a form of punishment in Nigeria. This paper will canvass that, even though death penalty is a constitutionally permissible form of punishment in Nigeria, but it goes against the recent positive and developmental strides in the areas of civilization, criminology and human right. The paper leans in favor of the abolitionist perspective by arguing that life imprisonment is as effective as the death penalty as a means of deterrence.
Trends in the prevalence of extreme obesity among Korean children and adolescents from 2001 to 2014
Authors: Nam Hyo-Kyoung , Kim Hye Ryun , Rhie Young-Jun , Lee Kee-Hyoung 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackground:We assessed nationwide trends in extreme obesity prevalence and its impact on metabolic syndrome in Korean youth.Methods:Data from 19,593 youth (10,271 boys) aged 2–19 were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2001–2014). The prevalence of extreme obesity and the odds ratio of metabolic syndrome were calculated. Questionnaires on body weight perceptions and weight control behaviors were administered.Results:The prevalence of extreme obesity increased significantly among boys (p<0.05). The odds ratios of extreme obesity on metabolic syndrome compared with obesity were 3.781 and 1.979 in boys and girls, respectively. Obese teenage girls with appropriate weight perception attempted to lose weight more frequently than obese teenage boys did.Conclusions:Although the prevalence of childhood obesity in Korea was similar since early 2000s, extreme obesity prevalence has increased, especially among teenage boys. Considering greater morbidity risks, preventing progression to extreme obesity is crucial.
The Evolving Mandate of the World Bank: How Constitutional Hermeneutics Shaped the Concept and Practice of Rule of Law Reform
Authors: Van Den Meerssche Dimitri 
Published: April 2017

AbstractInternational organizations (IOs) today contribute to international and transnational law-making in ways that were not anticipated by their constituent charters. The paper analyses this phenomenon of competence creep with regards to the expansion of the World Bank’s (the Bank) mandate to the field of Rule of Law (RoL) and governance reform. Two innovative and intertwined conclusions are formulated. First of all, on a general level, the paper argues that the constitutionalization of RoL reform in the Bank exemplifies the path-dependency generated by the constituent charter with regards to the substantive expansion of operational practices in IOs. The legal memorandum by which General Counsel (GC) Ibrahim Shihata introduced and legitimized the expansion of the Bank’s mandate to the field of RoL reform, the paper shows, employs a specific constitutional hermeneutic, grounded in the balancing of institutional teleology with charter constraints. Secondly, and most importantly, the paper exposes how Shihata’s reliance on the constituent charter shaped his RoL concept, thereby delineating the substantive expansion of the Bank’s mandate and operational practice. In light of the inclusion of the RoL as a distinct Sustainable Development Goal, this substantive inquiry into the nature of the Bank’s RoL concept is most needed. The paper develops the innovative argument that Shihata’s constitutional hermeneutic resulted in a sui generis Bank-specific RoL concept, which cannot – despite persistent attempts in literature – be tied to any legal doctrinal position. The analysis highlights two important features of Shihata’s RoL concept: (1) its substantive roots in statistical regression analysis and (2) its dual functionality across the public-private divide. Combined, the two conclusions ameliorate the understanding of constitutional change in IOs and the substantive orientation of RoL reform in the Bank.
FDI Uppers and Downers: A Macedonian Case Study
Authors: Apostolov Mico 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis article examines how foreign direct investments influence the performance and entrepreneurship of domestic firms, a crucial question for economies – especially transition economies – driven by the incursion of global, exogenous factors. This research uses a qualitative research methodology, and specifically a case study method. The country in question is Macedonia, a Southeast European economy. Further, the study is interested in the way foreign direct investments shape the overall business environment. Overall, the results point to the influence of foreign firms in assisting business activity. The impact of foreign investment is, in general, positive, and tends to influence the restructuring process of domestic economy.
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of GO-Fe3O4 hybrid in cultured mammalian cells
Authors: Jedrzejczak-Silicka Magdalena 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The study was aimed at investigating the effect of the Fe3O4 hybrid deposited on graphene oxide (GO-Fe3O4) on the relative viability and DNA integrity. The properties of the GO-Fe3O4 hybrid were analyzed using a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) and thermal gravimetric method (TGA), while the efficiency of graphene oxide covalent functionalization with iron oxide nanospheres was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). L929 and MCF-7 cell lines were selected to analyze the biocompatibility of GO-Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The hybrid was tested using WST-1 and LDH leakage assays. DNA integrity was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and micronucleus assay was performed to examine chromosomal damage in the exposed cell lines. The tested GO-Fe3O4 hybrid did not significantly reduce cell metabolism of L929 cells. GO-Fe3O4 hybrid particles only slightly affected the integrity of cell membranes. DNA integrity and micronucleus assays did not indicate genotoxicity of the hybrid.