bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracking Insomnia Seasonal Variations Through Consumption of Hypnotics
Authors: Gradiški I.P. , Bilić P. , Sabo T. , Vilibić M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionLight-stimulated release of melanopsin suppresses the nocturnal production of melatonin and is sending signals to multiple brain areas, including hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and thus controlling the release of the pineal hormone melatonin and therefore control the circadian rhythm. Consumption of sedatives and hypnotics was used as an indirect measure of seasonal variations in sleep disturbances among inpatients at University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče.MethodsRetrograde record analysis was performed from 1st January to 31st December 2012 on commonly used hypnotics and sedatives: zolpidem, nitrazepam, flurazepam, and midazolam.ResultsThe lowest consumption of hypnotics was recorded in the months of November, August and September while the highest consumption was recorded in January, December and March which can be seen in Fig. 1. Although there were differences in the monthly prescription of hypnotics, when it comes to seasonal patterns, there are no statistically significant differences.ConclusionsThere is no significant difference between the consumption of hypnotics in the observed seasons although the consumption of hypnotics is higher in the months with shorter daylight. This study attempted to correlate exposure to light and insomnia through the prescription of hypnotics and it is possible there are other important variables not included in this study.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Association between Internet addiction and depression in medical students, faculty of medicine in Thailand
Authors: Kuladee S. , Boonvisudhi T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionInternet addiction has become a harmful behavioral problem found to be highly prevalent in high school and college students. Many studies demonstrated significantly association between Internet addiction and depression.AimsTo study the prevalence of Internet addiction and the association between internet addiction and depression in medical students, faculty of medicine, Ramathibodi hospital.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants were the first to fifth-year medical students who agreed to participate in this study. Demographic characteristics were derived from self-rated questionnaire and were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Thai version of Young's Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire and Thai version of Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to assess internet addiction and depression, then Chi2 test and logistic regression were used to analyze the associations between internet addiction, depression and associated factors.ResultsFrom 705 participants, 24.5% had internet addiction and 29.0% had depression. There was statistically significant association between Internet addiction and depression (odd ratio: 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34–2.77, P-value < 0.000). Logistic regression analysis illustrated that the Internet addiction group had risk of depression 1.58 times higher than the group without Internet addiction (95% CI: 1.04-2.38; P-value < 0.031). Academic problem was found to be a significant predictor of both Internet addiction and depression. Furthermore, Internet addiction, relationship problems with friend and lover, and health problem were also significant predictors of depression.ConclusionsInternet addiction was common psychiatric problem which associated with depression among medical students. We suggest that surveillance of Internet addiction should be considered in medical schools.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Evaluation of the cardiovascular disease risk of the psychiatric inpatients of a university hospital by using Framingham risk score
Authors: Tas Durmus P. , Kose Cınar R. , Sonmez M.B. , Gorgulu Y. , Ozkan N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAccording to literature, the patients with severe mental disorder have higher cardiovascular disease risk than the normal population.ObjectivesThe current study based on the assumption that elevated inflammatory markers may be related to cardiovascular disease risk in psychiatric patient population.AimsThis study is aimed to define the relation between the inflammatory reactant, C-reactive protein levels and 10-year risk of coronary heart disease according to Framingham risk score (FRS).MethodsA total of 204 patients (106 female–98 male) who admitted to the psychiatric service between March and November 2015 and diagnosed with major depression, bipolar disorder and psychotic disorder were included in the study. Participants were evaluated by their gender, age, body mass index, waist circumference, high density lipoprotein levels, total cholesterol levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, diabetes comorbidity and CRP levels.ResultsTen-year risk of cardiovascular disease was found significantly higher at males than females (P < 0.001). There was no correlation between the FRS and the CRP levels which is an acute phase reactant and a contributer of atherogenesis (P = 0.763). However, mean values of CRP levels were determined as 0.59 ± 0.07 mg/dL for females and 0.56 ± 0.07 mg/dL for males. These levels are both high compared to the normal value which is up to 0.34 mg/dL. There was also a remarkable correlation between FRS scores and waist circumference (P = 0.012).ConclusionsFramingham risk score can be used to detect cardiovascular disease risk and can be helpful in management of pharmacotherapy of the high-risk population.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The eating disorders iceberg: Emotional deregulation and impulsivity lay below
Authors: Valente S. , Di Girolamo G. , Cerrato F. , Vannucci L. , De Ronchi D. , Atti A.R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionEating disorders (ED) and personality disorders (PD) are often interplayed in every-day clinical practice. Less is known on patient's emotional deregulation and impulsivity.AimsTo investigate whether clinical features of ED and PD correspond to a specific impulsivity and emotional background pattern.ObjectiveED, PD, impulsivity and emotional regulation.MethodsA group of outpatients with ED (n = 39) was compared to a group of healthy controls (n = 40) by means of semi-structured interviews and standardized questionnaires (BIS-11, DERS, Eat-26, SCID-II and STAI), in order to evaluate association between clinical features (ED and PD) and altered impulsivity or/and emotion regulation.ResultsSeventy-five percent of ED cases matched also diagnostic criteria for PD. Cluster B diagnoses occurred more frequently in Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge eating disorders (BED) whereas Cluster C PD was strongly associated with restrictive anorexia (AN-R) (P < 0.001). BIS-11 scores were significantly higher in cluster B as compared to cluster C PD (P = 0.019). People with PD have a significantly higher DERS score compared to people without (P < 0.001). Mean DERS scores were similar in BN, BED and AN Binge purging (AN-BP) but lower in AN-R (P < 0.001).ConclusionsED is an iceberg top, of a three-step ladder. The intermediate step is built of personality traits and disorders forging the variety of ED clinical expressions. The hidden base of iceberg is represented by both the emotional (de)regulation and the level of impulsivity. Therapies focused on the base of this iceberg are needed for a clinical resolution of eating symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Benefits of antidepressant treatment after a stroke
Authors: Zerriaa O. , Moula O. , Ben Saadi S. , Jelalia I. , Ghachem R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionStroke is an important cause of morbidity and is responsible for 9% of all deaths worldwide. The most frequent neuropsychiatric consequence of stroke is post-stroke depression (PSD). It has been shown to be associated with both impaired recovery and increased mortality. The aim of our study is to determine the benefits of antidepressant prescription after a stroke.MethodThe databases from Medline and PubMed were reviewed for articles related to post-stroke depression (PSD), antidepressant treatment and stroke, post-stroke depression and functional recovery, stroke related impairment.ResultsAntidepressant drugs have been shown to be effective in treating PSD in six double blind randomized studies. Patients treated with antidepressants had better recovery from disability than patients who did not receive antidepressant therapy: it was proved that antidepressant drugs cause an improvement in cognitive skills and functional recovery in PSD patients. In patients with ischemic stroke and moderate to severe motor deficit, the early prescription of fluoxetine with physiotherapy enhanced motor recovery after 3 months. Some studies showed that PSD can be effectively prevented: nortriptyline, fluoxetine, milnacipran and sertraline appeared to be efficacious in preventing depression after stroke and are to use without significant adverse effects in stroke patients.ConclusionAntidepressant treatment plays an increasing role in the management of patients with acute stroke. Therefore, early initiation of antidepressant therapy, in non-depressed stroke patients, may reduce the odds for development of PSD, and improve cognitive and functional recovery.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The development of an abbreviated version of the Cornell scale for depression in dementia (CSDD) for the assessment of depression in palliative care inpatients
Authors: Mohamad M. , Davis B. , Twomey F. , Lucey M. , Conroy M. , Adamis D. , Meagher D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn the palliative care setting, accurate identification of depression is important to allow delivery of appropriate treatments.Aims:– 1. To assess rates of depression in palliative care inpatients using the CSDD, comparing with formal clinical diagnosis based on diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV) criteria;– 2. To identify items of the CSDD that most distinguish depressive illness in a palliative care setting.MethodsWe measured rates of depression in patients admitted into a palliative care inpatient unit with the CSDD. DSM-IV clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) was achieved using all available clinical information by an experienced independent rater. We calculated Cohen's Kappa to measure concordance between the CSDD and DSM-IV diagnosis.ResultsWe assessed 142 patients (56.3% male; mean age: 69.6 years), the majority of which had a cancer diagnosis (93.7%). 18.3% (n = 26) met DSM-IV criteria for MDD, while 12% scored ≥6 on the CSDD with 15 cases of depression common to these two methods (K = 0.65). Discriminant analysis identified five CSDD items that were especially distinguishing of MDD; sadness, loss of interest, pessimism, lack of reactivity to pleasant events and appetite loss. An abbreviated version of the CSDD, based on these 5 items, proved highly accurate in identifying DSM-IV MDD (AUC = 0.94), with sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 84% at a cut-off score ≥2.ConclusionsThere was good level of concordance between the CSDD and DSM-IV diagnosis of MDD. We identified five depressive symptoms that are especially discriminating for depression in palliative care patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
An Italian observational study on subclinical cardiovascular risk factors and depressive symptomatology. A suggestion for the potential utility of a sinergic cardio-psychiatric perspective
Authors: Tassi S. , Rioli G. , Mattei G. , Mancini S. , Alboni S. , Roncucci L. , Sena P. , Mariani F. , Marchi M. , Fabbrizi A. , Feltri L. , Visentini C. , Pollutri G. , Artoni C. , Saraceni S. , Galli G. , Spiga G. , Minarini A. , Perrone D. , Galletti M. , Giambalvo N. , Montardi G. , Galeazzi G.M. , Ferrari S. ,   PNEI-MO Research Group
Published: June 2017

IntroductionGrowing evidence has been collected over the complex, intertwined pathophysiological connection among subclinical cardiovascular (CV) disease, i.e. atherosclerosis, systemic low pro-inflammatory states and psychiatric disorders/symptomatology (anxiety, depression), with controversial results.AimAim of this study was to investigate the possible link between subclinical CV risk factors (atherosclerosis), depressive symptoms, and inflammation.MethodsCross-sectional study. Inclusion criteria: outpatients aged ≥40 years, attending colonoscopy after positive faecal occult blood test, negative medical history for cancer. Collected data: blood pressure, glycaemia, lipid profile, waist circumference, BMI, PCR (C reactive protein), LPS (bacterial lipopolysaccharide), ultrasound carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT). Psychometric tests: HADS, TCI, IMSA, SF36. Statistical analysis performed with STATA13.ResultsThe 54 patients enrolled were equally distributed by gender. CV risk factors were common in the study population, with 33 patients (61.11%) with hypertension, 14 (25.93%) with hyperglycaemia, 20 (37.4%) with hypertriglyceridemia, 19 (35.19%) with low HDL and 64.81% with overweight. High levels of PCR were found in 24 subjects (44.44%). Right c-IMT was increased in 26.41% of the sample, and 11.32% had an atheromatous plaque. Left c-IMT was increased in 24.53% of patients, with a plaque in 7.55% of them. Clinically relevant depressive symptoms were found in the 18.87% of the sample and were statistically significantly associated with PCR (OR = 28.63; P = 0.01).ConclusionsEvidence contributing to the so-called “inflammation theory” of depression and supporting the association between mood and CV disorders was here collected, supporting the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of such conditions, assuming a clinically-translated PNEI (psycho-neuro-endocrino-immunological) perspective.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Burnout and occupational accident
Authors: Kotti N. , Hajjaji M. , Kchaou A. , Sellami I. , Masmoudi M.L. , Masmoudi J. , Hammami Jmal K. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionBurn out mainly occurs among healthcare employees. This professional category is exposed to a large load of emotional disturbance.ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to study the levels of burnout syndrome in caregivers who were victims to occupational accident.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted during 2014-2015 in the occupational medicine department. The target population consisted of the healthcare employees who reported their exposure to occupational accident. A semi-structured self-reported questionnaire including the Maslach questionnaire was used to collect information. Data were analyzed using SPSS-20.ResultsOne hundred and sixty health professionals returned the questionnaire (58% women, mean age 31.9 years old). Occupational accidents occurred mostly in the morning (62.5%). Among the healthcare providers, 112 health professionals (70%) had had sharp injuries. Burn out was found among 23.1% of the studied population. It was defined by its three domains: a high emotional exhaustion (46.9%), high depersonalization with low personal accomplishment (36.3%) and high depersonalization without low personal accomplishment (34.4%). Professionals with less years in the function (P = 0.031) and technicians (P = 0.028) were more affected by Burnout. A significant relationship was found between traumatic accidents (P = 0.012), needle stick injuries (P = 0.009) and burnout.ConclusionThe prevalence of burnout is high among health professionals which can increase the risk of occupational accidents and its subsequent risks. It seems that holding workshops and increasing healthcare givers’ awareness and skills to face these risks can be effective in mitigating them.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The relationship between parenting stress and parenting styles with coping strategies in adolescents: The moderating roles of emotional regulation and mindfulness
Authors: Kheradmand M. , Ghahari S. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectThe aim of this study was to investigate the moderating role of emotional regulation and mindfulness in the relationship between parenting stress and styles with coping strategies.MethodsThe method in this study is correlation. Statistical population consists of all adolescents in 2016, from among which 400 individuals were selected in a multi-stage cluster sampling method from different areas of Tehran and completed Adolescent Coping Scales, Parenting Stress Index, Baumrind parenting styles Inventory, emotional regulation checklist of kids and adolescents and of kids’ and adolescents’ mindfulness measurement. The data were analyzed using multivariate regression and Pearson correlation in SPSS-22.FindingThe results showed the mindfulness and emotional regulation play a moderating role in the relationship between parenting stress and coping strategies (P > 0.0001) as well as the relationship between parenting styles and coping strategies (P > 0.0001).ConclusionDespite the poor parenting stress and parenting styles, if the adolescents have emotion regulation and mindfulness skills can reduce the negative effects of inappropriate parenting.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Preliminay study for the Italian validation of the screen for cognitive impairment in psychiatry (SCIP)
Authors: Malanchin D. , Caruso R. , Nanni M.G. , Grassi L. , Piazza G. , Croce E. , Leoni M. , Berretti E. , Negrelli L. , Battista S. , Faccini A. , Dall’Olio R. , Costa S. , Recla E. , Rossi G. , Colla C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe screen for cognitive impairment in psychiatry (SCIP) is a brief, accessible scale designed for detecting cognitive deficits in psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to test the SCIP's validity as a cognitive test by comparison with standard neuropsychological scale using the Pearson's correlation.Aims Test the convergent and discriminant validity of the SCIP within the Italian SCIP validation project.MethodsPatients between 18 and 65 years who are in a stable phase of the disease, diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or bipolar I disorder were enrolled in this study, from the community mental health department of Ferrara.ResultsThe tests were administered to 110 patients (mean age: 45 ± 11,4) and to 86 controls (mean age: 35 ± 12,6) of both sex. SCIP presents high correlation with the R-BANS total score (P < 0.01) and the subscales (verbal learning test-immediate, working memory, verbal fluency test, verbal learning test-delayed, processing speed test, P < 0.01). There are significant differences (P < 0.01) in all SCIP dimensions between patient and control group (Table 1).ConclusionsOur analysis confirm the results of the English, French and Spanish version of the SCIP regarding convergent and discriminant validity. The SCIP represents a valid, simple and brief screening tool for the cognitive evaluation of patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Physical examination of psychiatric patients who presented at emergency department in a tertiary care hospital in Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Alhuseini S. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo examine the completeness of physical assessment of patients presenting with psychiatric problems to the emergency department (ED).MethodsThis was observational study based on a retrospective review of the medical records of patients who attended the ED of Sultan Qaboos university hospital and referred to the on-duty psychiatrist for assessment over a 12-month period. All patients aged 16 years and above, who presented to the ED with a psychiatric complaint were included in the study. A data collection sheet was designed to gather each patient's demographic data such as age and gender, past psychiatric history, nature of the presenting complaints, thoroughness of physical assessment, medications prescribed by the ED doctor prior to psychiatric assessment, and whether the patient was discharged, admitted to a psychiatry.ResultsA total of 202 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 34.2 years. Females represented 56% of the sample. The majority of the study group (60.4%) were patients with a documented past psychiatric history. Physical examination was conducted in the ED for 61.4% of the patients, while vital signs were recorded for 68.8% of them. Approximately, 31% of the patients required injectable psychotropic medications as tranquillizers in the ED. Patients with an isolated psychiatric complaint coupled with a documented past psychiatric history were more likely to be referred to the on-call psychiatrist without a physical examination by the ED doctors.ConclusionIn our institution, not all patients with psychiatric presentations had a complete physical examination by the ED doctors.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
PALOMA project – developing National mental health policies for refugees
Authors: Jokela S. , Mäki-Opas J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionEarlier researches have established that migrants with refugee background have increased risk for variety of mental health problems due to often traumatic reasons for leaving their home country, hazardous journey and post-migration adversity. The challenge is that mental health work with refugees is not systematically organized in Finland. PALOMA (developing National mental health policies for refugees 2016-2018) project was launched to answer these challenges. The project is carried out through the combined effort of National institute for health and welfare, The Finnish association for mental health, Helsinki and Kuopio university hospitals, and the municipality of Hämeenlinna. PALOMA Project is founded by the Asylum, migration and integration fund (AMIF).ObjectivesPALOMA project focuses on exploring existing good practices and weaknesses in mental health services in use for refugees. The objectives of the project are to develop a national model for effective mental health services for refugees and implement it nationwide in Finland.AimsThe aim of PALOMA Project is to develop a national model for effective mental health services for refugees in Finland.MethodsPALOMA Project includes three phases: data collection (interviews, literature review, seminars), building the model in expert groups and implementing the model.ResultsAs a result of PALOMA Project, there will be guidelines for professionals working in different levels of administration with refugees in Finland.ConclusionRefugees’ mental health and wellbeing will be improved as a result of better prevention, recognition and appropriate care of mental health problems.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.