bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Neo-Kohlbergian approach to moral character: the moral reasoning of Alfred Herrhausen
Authors: Kipper Knut 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to provide a new methodological approach by applying Neo-Kohlbergian considerations in historical context to an analysis of the late speaker of Deutsche Bank Dr Alfred Herrhausen’s moral reasoning process.

Design/methodology/approach
A wide range of methods is used, including analyzing Herrhausen interviews, biographies, speeches, statements and further written material, as well as interviews of his contemporaries conducted by this researcher to derive the most accurate posthumous depiction of Herrhausen’s moral reasoning.

Findings
The study reveals that Herrhausen was indeed a person of significant moral character when judged by his activist stance on several highly salient global issues.

Practical/implications
The thought construct Kohlbergian scholars have been providing is deeply imbedded in a tradition of continental philosophy. While the underlying philosophy in Kohlberg’s cognitive moral development model provides much more than is often considered when used in the field of business ethics, discourse ethicists still consider Kohlberg’s ideas a cornerstone of their philosophical ventures.

Originality/value
Herrhausen has become an iconic figure in Germany, often used by politicians as an aspirational standard and corrective to the current management elites’ mishaps. Internationally, he played an important role as a global manager on the political stage by arguing for a Chapter 11 solution for highly indebted countries during the late 1980s.
Follow for follow: marketing of a start-up company on Instagram
Authors: Virtanen Henrik , Björk Peter , Sjöström Elin 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the deliberate social media marketing practices of a start-up company. The study aims to measure the effects of these practices (i.e. following potential customers and liking and commenting on their posts on Instagram) on creating and increasing awareness of the company’s business and gaining followers for the company’s Instagram account.

Design/methodology/approach
The research is exploratory in nature and adopts an approach similar to that of action research. The research was enabled and facilitated by collaboration between the researchers and a company representative. The company offers an application for young mothers.

Findings
The model developed in this study identifies the effects of the practice of endorsing and interacting with customers for marketing purposes. It points out following as a first-order practice that small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can employ to gain followers instantly on Instagram.

Research limitations/implications
The method used limits the generalisability of the findings. However, the findings offer preliminary insights for future studies on Instagram marketing in SMEs.

Practical implications
Companies can attain success in social media marketing by actively engaging with customers and potential customers on various social media platforms.

Originality/value
There is a paucity of research focussing on Instagram marketing in SMEs. The model in this study contributes to theory on Instagram marketing and offers a framework that can help managers plan Instagram marketing strategies.
Sparsity‐enhanced wavelet deconvolution
Authors: Ferber Ralf , Momoh Ekeabino 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTWe propose a three‐step bandwidth enhancing wavelet deconvolution process, combining linear inverse filtering and non‐linear reflectivity construction based on a sparseness assumption. The first step is conventional Wiener deconvolution. The second step consists of further spectral whitening outside the spectral bandwidth of the residual wavelet after Wiener deconvolution, i.e., the wavelet resulting from application of the Wiener deconvolution filter to the original wavelet, which usually is not a perfect spike due to band limitations of the original wavelet. We specifically propose a zero‐phase filtered sparse‐spike deconvolution as the second step to recover the reflectivity dominantly outside of the bandwidth of the residual wavelet after Wiener deconvolution. The filter applied to the sparse‐spike deconvolution result is proportional to the deviation of the amplitude spectrum of the residual wavelet from unity, i.e., it is of higher amplitude; the closer the amplitude spectrum of the residual wavelet is to zero, but of very low amplitude, the closer it is to unity. The third step consists of summation of the data from the two first steps, basically adding gradually the contribution from the sparse‐spike deconvolution result at those frequencies at which the residual wavelet after Wiener deconvolution has small amplitudes. We propose to call this technique “sparsity‐enhanced wavelet deconvolution”. We demonstrate the technique on real data with the deconvolution of the (normal‐incidence) source side sea‐surface ghost of marine towed streamer data. We also present the extension of the proposed technique to time‐varying wavelet deconvolution.
Stakeholders’ qualitative perspectives of effective telepractice pedagogy in speech–language pathology
Authors: Overby Megan S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundAcademic programmes in speech–language pathology are increasingly providing telehealth/telepractice clinical education to students. Despite this growth, there is little information describing effective ways to teach it.AimsThe current exploratory study analyzed the perceptions of speech–language pathology/therapy (SLP/SLT) faculty, student and SLP/SLT clinicians to ascertain effective pedagogical approaches for telepractice service delivery, rank the relative importance of telepractice skills and knowledge competencies, and define any pedagogical challenges to teaching them.Methods & ProceduresQualitative data were collected from two sources: three open‐ended questions within an online survey (SLP/SLT faculty n = 31, graduate students n = 16, telehealth (‘telepractice’) clinicians n = 16); and follow‐up telephone interviews (n = 22). Data were analyzed with a grounded theory approach followed by a summative rank‐order analysis of themes.Outcomes & ResultsAll three groups agreed the most effective telepractice instructional approach was telepractice demonstrations (such as students role playing or watching a supervisor). Professional development approaches such as workshops or training manuals were less effective and didactic approaches such as lecture‐only were ineffective. Skills and knowledge competencies students needed before entering the workforce were, in order of implied importance: telepractice clinical skills, telepractice technology skills, legal knowledge pertinent to telepractice and knowledge of telepractice literature. The most important telepractice clinical skills students needed to acquire were appropriate selection of telepractice materials and engaging the client over the internet. Many participants said teaching and learning telepractice was more challenging than in‐person service delivery because of the difficulties in selecting appropriate telepractice clinical materials, managing technology problems and engaging with clients over the internet.Conclusions & ImplicationsDespite substantial limitations to this investigation, findings imply that telepractice instruction, like other methods of SLP/SLT clinical education, may be most effective when students engage in critical thinking and problem‐solving issues through intense practice. Because the skills and competencies associated with telepractice appear to vary in their perceived value, academic programmes may wish to consider prioritizing how they are taught, giving students additional instruction in the selection of telepractice clinical materials and development of online interpersonal communication skills. For some clinical educators, the challenges associated with telepractice may necessitate additional educator training.
Quantifying Disparities in Accessibility and Availability of Pediatric Primary Care across Multiple States with Implications for Targeted Interventions
Authors: Gentili Monica , Harati Pravara , Serban Nicoleta , O'Connor Jean , Swann Julie 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo quantify disparities in accessibility and availability of pediatric primary care by modeling interventions across multiple states that compare publicly insured versus privately insured children, and urban versus rural communities.Data SourcesSecondary data sources include 2013 National Plan and Provider Enumeration System, 2009 MAX Medicaid claims, 2012 American Community Survey.Study DesignThe study models accessibility and availability of care for all children in seven states.MethodsOptimization modeling with access constraints is used to estimate access. Statistical hypothesis testing is used to quantify systematic disparities.Principal FindingsCalifornia has the best accessibility for privately insured children and Minnesota for publicly insured children. Mississippi has the lowest availability for both populations. Overall, the disparities in availability for pediatric primary care are not as significant as in accessibility. Both rural and urban communities are in need of improvement in accessibility to primary care for publicly insured children, although at varying levels across states.ConclusionsDisparities in availability are not as significant as disparities in accessibility. Opportunities to improve access to pediatric primary care vary by state. Generating specific recommendations for small areas is critical to enabling health policy decision makers to improvement access.
Price and Volatility Transmission and Market Power in the German Fresh Pork Supply Chain
Authors: Assefa Tsion Taye , Meuwissen Miranda P.M. , Gardebroek Cornelis , Oude Lansink Alfons G.J.M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe investigate the relationship between the transmission of price volatility and market power in the German fresh pork supply chain. We use a theoretical model underpinning this relationship followed by an empirical application that uses monthly farm, slaughterhouse and retail pork price data for the period 2000–2011. We examine both the relationships of market power with price level transmission and price volatility transmission in the chain. We use a vector error correction model and least squares regressions to analyse price transmission and price volatility transmissions, respectively. Results show that retail market power limited both types of transmissions. Competition inducing policy measures coupled with measures that support price risk management initiatives of chain actors are suggested.
Molecular Cloning and Characterizations of Xylanase Inhibitor Protein from Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Zhang Yakun , Wei Zhaohui , Chen Hongge , Jia Xincheng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractXylanase inhibitor proteins (XIPs) were regarded to inhibit the activity of xylanases during baking and gluten‐starch separation processes. To avoid the inhibition to xylanases, it is necessary to define the conditions under which the inhibition takes place. In this study, we cloned the XIP gene from 2 different variety of Triticum aestivum, that is, Zhengmai 9023 and Zhengmai 366, and investigated the properties of XIP protein expressed by Pichia pastoris. The results showed that the 2 XIP genes (xip‐9023 and xip‐366) were highly homologous with only 3 nucleotide differences. XIP‐9023 showed the optimal inhibition pH and temperature were 7 °C and 40 °C, respectively. Inhibition of xylanase by XIP‐9023 reached the maximum in 40 min. At 50% inhibition of xylanase, the molar ratio of inhibitor: xylanase was 26:1. XIP‐9023 was active to various fungal xylanases tested as well as to a bacterial xylanase produced by Paenibacillus sp. isolated from cow rumen.
Mechanism and regulation of sorbicillin biosynthesis by Penicillium chrysogenum
Authors: Guzmán‐Chávez Fernando , Salo Oleksandr , Nygård Yvonne , Lankhorst Peter P. , Bovenberg Roel A. L. , Driessen Arnold J. M. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryPenicillium chrysogenum is a filamentous fungus that is used to produce β‐lactams at an industrial scale. At an early stage of classical strain improvement, the ability to produce the yellow‐coloured sorbicillinoids was lost through mutation. Sorbicillinoids are highly bioactive of great pharmaceutical interest. By repair of a critical mutation in one of the two polyketide synthases in an industrial P. chrysogenum strain, sorbicillinoid production was restored at high levels. Using this strain, the sorbicillin biosynthesis pathway was elucidated through gene deletion, overexpression and metabolite profiling. The polyketide synthase enzymes SorA and SorB are required to generate the key intermediates sorbicillin and dihydrosorbicillin, which are subsequently converted to (dihydro)sorbillinol by the FAD‐dependent monooxygenase SorC and into the final product oxosorbicillinol by the oxidoreductase SorD. Deletion of either of the two pks genes not only impacted the overall production but also strongly reduce the expression of the pathway genes. Expression is regulated through the interplay of two transcriptional regulators: SorR1 and SorR2. SorR1 acts as a transcriptional activator, while SorR2 controls the expression of sorR1. Furthermore, the sorbicillinoid pathway is regulated through a novel autoinduction mechanism where sorbicillinoids activate transcription.
Role of hydrotherapy in the amelioration of oxidant‐antioxidant status in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Mateen Somaiya , Moin Shagufta , Khan Abdul Q. , Zafar Atif , Fatima Naureen , Shahzad Sumayya 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the pathophysiology of RA. Moderate intensity exercises have been reported to have anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydrotherapy on oxidant‐antioxidant status in RA patients.MethodsForty RA patients and 30 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were included in this study. RA patients were subdivided into two groups: the first group (n = 20) received treatment with conventional RA drugs, while the second group (n = 20) received hydrotherapy along with the conventional drugs for a period of 12 weeks. Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS‐28), ROS level, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of treatment.ResultsRA patients showed a significant change in the oxidative stress biomarkers (ROS, P < 0.01; ferric reducing antioxidant potential, P < 0.001; malondialdehyde, P < 0.01; protein carbonyl, P < 0.001; tail length, P < 0.05) and decrease in the activities of anti‐oxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD], P < 0.01; glutathione peroxidase [GPx], P < 0.001). Conventional drug treatment has not produced any significant change in these parameters. However, cotreatment of drugs with hydrotherapy has decreased protein, lipid and DNA oxidation by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GPx).ConclusionOur results indicate that hydrotherapy along with drugs has reduced the severity of disease (DAS‐28) by ameliorating the oxidant‐antioxidant status in RA patients. Thus, in addition to conventional drugs, RA patients should be advised to have hydrotherapy (moderate intensity exercise) in their treatment regimen.
Estimates of observer expertise improve species distributions from citizen science data
Authors: Johnston Alison , Fink Daniel , Hochachka Wesley M. , Kelling Steve 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Citizen science data are increasingly making valuable contributions to ecological studies. However, many citizen science surveys are also designed to encourage wide participation and therefore the participants have a range of natural history expertise, leading to variation and potentially bias in the data.

We assessed a recently proposed measure of observer expertise, calculated based on the average numbers of species recorded by observers. We investigated if this observer expertise score is associated with how often an observer reports any individual species. Species reporting rates increased monotonically with the observer's expertise score for 197 of 200 species, suggesting that this expertise score describes inter‐observer variation in the detectability of individual species.

Expertise scores were incorporated into single‐species occupancy models as a covariate, to explain inter‐observer variation in detectability. Including expertise as a detectability covariate led to improved model fit and improved predictive performance on validation data. The expertise score had a large effect on the estimated detectability, comparable in magnitude to the effect of the duration of the observation period.

Expertise scores were also included into single‐species occupancy models that estimated seasonal patterns in species occupancy and seasonal expertise effects. The addition of a seasonal effect of expertise led to improved model fit and increased predictive performance on validation data. The seasonal expertise accounted for bias that may be introduced by seasonal differences in the effect of expertise, caused by changes in the environment or species behaviour.

Measures of observer expertise included in models as a covariate can account for heterogeneity and bias introduced by variable expertise, although in this example the differences in estimated occupancy were small. This method of incorporating observer expertise can be used in any regression model of species occurrence, occupancy, abundance, or density to produce more reliable ecological inference and may be most important where citizen science schemes encourage wide participation. Overall, the results highlight the value of recording observer identity and other detectability covariates, to control for sources of bias associated with the observation process.
Ineffective Protection in Hemodialysis Patients: Sociodemographic and Clinical Context
Authors: Tinôco Jéssica Dantas de Sá , de Paiva Maria das Graças Mariano Nunes , Frazão Cecília Maria Farias de Queiroz , Fernandes Maria Isabel da Conceição Dias , Enders Bertha Cruz , Lira Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho 
Published: June 2017

PURPOSETo analyze the association between components of the nursing diagnosis ineffective protection (00043) and sociodemographic and clinical data of hemodialysis patients.METHODCross‐sectional study was conducted during the first half of 2015 with a sample of 200 patients from a reference clinic of nephrology. A structured instrument containing operational definitions was used to collect data.FINDINGSHemodialysis patients presented defining characteristics of ineffective protection (00043) associated with sociodemographic and clinical context variables.CONCLUSIONComponents of this diagnosis may be influenced by sociodemographic and clinical context of hemodialysis patients.
Varenicline Reduces Alcohol Intake During Repeated Cycles of Alcohol Reaccess Following Deprivation in Alcohol‐Preferring (P) Rats
Authors: Froehlich Janice C. , Nicholson Emily R. , Dilley Julian E. , Filosa Nick J. , Rademacher Logan C. , Smith Teal N. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundMost alcoholics experience periods of voluntary alcohol abstinence or imposed alcohol deprivation followed by a return to alcohol drinking. This study examined whether varenicline (VAR) reduces alcohol intake during a return to drinking after periods of alcohol deprivation in rats selectively bred for high alcohol drinking (the alcohol preferring or “P” rats).MethodsAlcohol‐experienced P rats were given 24‐hour access to food and water and scheduled access to alcohol (15% and 30% v/v) for 2 h/d. After 4 weeks, rats were deprived of alcohol for 2 weeks, followed by reaccess to alcohol for 2 weeks, and this pattern was repeated for a total of 3 cycles. Rats were fed either vehicle (VEH) or VAR, in doses of 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg BW, at 1 hour prior to onset of the daily alcohol reaccess period for the first 5 days of each of the 3 alcohol reaccess cycles.ResultsLow‐dose VAR (0.5 mg/kg BW) reduced alcohol intake during the 5 days of drug treatment in alcohol reaccess cycles 1 and 2. Higher doses of VAR (1.0 mg/kg BW and 2.0 mg/kg BW) reduced alcohol intake during the 5 days of treatment in all 3 alcohol reaccess cycles. The decrease in alcohol intake disappeared with termination of VAR treatment in all alcohol reaccess cycles.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that VAR decreases alcohol intake during multiple cycles of alcohol reaccess following alcohol deprivation in rats and suggests that it may prevent a return to heavy alcohol drinking during a lapse from alcohol abstinence in humans with alcohol use disorder.
Chronic respiratory disease in the regional and remote population of the Northern Territory Top End: A perspective from the specialist respiratory outreach service
Authors: Kruavit Anuk , Fox Melissa , Pearson Rebecca , Heraganahally Subash 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo study the demographic, rates and types of chronic respiratory conditions in Indigenous and non‐Indigenous patients in regional and remote communities of Northern Territory Top End, who were referred to the specialist respiratory outreach service.DesignA retrospective, observational study over a 2 years period.SettingRemote community health clinics within the Northern Territory Top End visited by the specialist respiratory outreach team.ParticipantsOnly patients referred to respiratory specialist outreach team were included. There were 444 participants, with 210 males and 234 females. In total, 79.3% were Indigenous.Main outcome measuresThe rates of chronic respiratory disease diagnoses and smoking status within the different communities and health district regions.ResultsChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the most common primary respiratory condition in our cohort of patients (50.5%) followed by sleep apnoea in (14.2%), bronchiectasis in (11.6%), asthma (11%), interstitial lung disease (2.5%), nodule/cancer (1.8%) sarcoidosis (0.2%) and others (9.2%). COPD, smoking status and bronchiectasis was more frequently noted among the Indigenous patients compared to non‐Indigenous patients (56.3% versus 28.3%, P < 0.001), (52.6% versus 25.0%, P < 0.001), and (12.5% versus 3.3%, P = 0.01) respectively. Obstructive sleep apnoea was more commonly diagnosed in non‐Indigenous patients.ConclusionIndigenous patients of the remote and rural communities of the Top End have significantly higher rates of smoking and COPD compared to non‐Indigenous patients. Bronchiectasis is also more common among Indigenous patients. Further efforts are warranted to develop strategies to address the disparity and optimise the respiratory outreach service to this population.