bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FIVE WHEAT HYBRID POPULATIONS UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS
Authors: Ahmed Nisar , Chowdhry Muhammad Aslam , Khaliq Ihsan , Maekawa Masahiko 
Published: December 2016

The magnitude of genetic inheritance and expected genetic advance are important for the prediction of response to selection in diverse environments and provide the basis for planning and evaluating breeding programs. This work investigated the inheritance of traits related to drought in wheat under natural drought conditions. Cross combinations were made to produce F1 and F2 hybrid populations, which were evaluated in a randomized completed block design with three replications at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Six wheat varieties/lines and six derived F2 hybrids were studied to ascertain heritability and genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant. Data were collected and subjected to statistical genetic analyses. Heritability estimates and expected genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were high for the entire cross combinations while the estimates for spike length and number of grains per spike were relatively low. Our results suggest that improvement for these characters should be faster because of higher heritabilities and greater phenotypic variation. Prospects of genetic improvement for all the characters studied are evident. The most promising cross combinations were WL60 × LU26S and WL61 × LU26S. These traits, therefore, deserve better attention in future breeding programs for evolving better wheat for stress environments. <br /><br />
REGENERATION OF Pimpinella pruatjan THROUGH SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS
Authors: Roostika I. , Purnamaningsih R. , Darwati I. , Mariska I. 
Published: December 2016

Pruatjan (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) is an Indonesian endangered plant which has various medicinal properties such as aphrodisiac, diuretic, and tonic. The plant is commonly harvested from its natural habitat, therefore it becomes endangered. Regeneration of pruatjan through organogenesis has been studied, but its shoot multiplication was very low (5 shoots per explant). The study aimed to investigate the best regeneration technique of pruatjan through somatic embryogenesis. This research was conducted at the tissue culture laboratory, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development in 2004-2005. Callus formation of pruatjan was induced from the petioles and leaves in Driver and Kuniyaki’s (DKW) based medium containing 2,4-D combined with picloram at the level of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 1.5 ppm. Embryogenic calli were then transferred into embryo development medium in two ways. First, they were directly transferred into media containing IBA/NAA at the level of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ppm. Second, they were indirectly transferred into media containing 2.0 ppm 2,4-D and 0.3% casein hydrolysate prior to the IBA/ NAA media. Parameters evaluated were fresh weight, dry weight, time initiation of embryogenic callus formation, and total number of embryos. The result showed that calli of pruatjan were successfully induced from the petioles and leaves. The best calli were induced from the leaves in the DKW medium containing 2.0 ppm 2,4-D and 0.5 ppm picloram. Embryo development of the calli was best if they were first grown in the media containing 2.0 ppm 2,4-D and 0.3% casein hydrolysate then transferred to the IBA/NAA media. The total number of somatic embryos was counted up to 103 on the medium containing 1.5 ppm IBA. This study indicated that pruatjan somatic embryogenesis regeneration required three different media, i.e. for callus induction, development and maturation, and for germination.
ASSESSING GLOBAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY UNDER COLDEST AND WARMEST PERIODS AT DIFFERENT LATITUDINAL REGIONS
Authors: Runtunuwu Eleonora , Kondoh Akihiko 
Published: December 2016

Effect of climate change on water balance will play a key role in the biosphere system. To study the global climate change impact on water balance during 95-year period (1901-1995), long-term grid climatic data including global mean monthly temperature and precipitation at 0.5 x 0.5 degree resolution were analysed. The trend and variation of climate change, the time series of monthly air temperature and precipitation data were aggregated into annual arithmetic means for two extreme periods (1901-1920 and 1990-1995). The potential evapotranspiration (Eo) was calculated using Thornthwaite method.<br />The changes in mean annual value were obtained by subtracting the maximum period data from 1990 to 1995 (Max) with the minimum period data from 1901 to 1920 (Min). The results revealed that over 95-year period, mean global air temperature increased by 0.57oC. The temperature increase varied greatly in Asia, with more than 3.0oC, especially at 45-70oN, as well over the northern part of America (60-65oN) and Europe (55- 75oN). In low latitude across Asia, Africa, and South America, the variation was less than 1.5oC. In 80-85ºN region, the variation was relatively small and at higher latitudes it increased<br />significantly. Precipitation varied temporally and spatially. In the 40-45ºN and 40-45ºS regions, increasing precipitation of more than 100 mm occurred during the June-August and<br />September-November, especially in the northern hemisphere. The Eo increase of 2000 mm during 95 years occurred in the tropical northern America, middle Africa, and South-East Asia. A grid in Central Java of Indonesia showed that the Eo increase of 2500 mm during 95 years resulted in the decrease of growing period by 100 days. In coping with climate change, adjustment of cropping calendar is imperative.
THE SEGREGATION PATTERN OF INSECT RESISTANCE GENES IN THE PROGENIES AND CROSSES OF TRANSGENIC ROJOLELE RICE
Authors: Satoto Satoto , Sulistyowati Yuli , Hartana Alex , -Loedin Inez H. Slamet 
Published: December 2016

Successful application of genetic transformation technique, especially in developing rice variety resistant to brown plant hopper and stem borer, will depend on transgene being expressed and the gene inherited in a stable and predictable manner. This study aimed to analyse transgene segregation pattern of the progenies and the crosses of transgenic rice cv. Rojolele harboring cry1Ab and gna genes. The third generation (T2) of five<br />transgenic Rojolele events containing gna and/or cry1Ab were evaluated for two generations to identify the homozygous lines and to study their inheritance. The homozygous lines were selected based on the result of PCR technique. The segregation patterns of gna and cry1Ab were studied in eight F2 populations derived from Rojolele x transgenic Rojolele homozygous for cry1Ab and or gna and their reciprocal crosses. Data resulted from PCR of F2 population were analysed using a Chi Square test. The study obtained six homozygous lines for gna, namely A22- 1-32, A22-1-37, C72-1-9, F11-1-48, K21-1-39, K21-1-48, and two homozygous lines for cry1Ab, namely K21-1-39 and K21- 1-48. Both cry1Ab and gna transgenes had been inherited through selfing and crossing with their wild type as indicated from the F1 containing gna and cry1Ab as many as 48.4% and 47.4%, respectively. In six of the eight crosses, gna was inherited in a 3:1 ratio consistent with Mendelian inheritance of a single dominant locus, while in the remaining two crosses, gna was segregated in a 1:1 ratio. The presence of cry1Ab in F2 populations also showed a 3:1 segregation ratio in all crosses. In the F2 population derived from F1 plant containing cry1Ab and gna, both transgenes segregated in a 9:3:3:1 dihybrid segregation ratio. This study will add to the diversity of genetic sources for insect resistance and allow further use of these transgenic lines for pyramiding resistance to brown plant hopper and stem borer or separately in rice breeding programs whenever the efficacy tests and biosafety requirements have been completed.
Experiences of victimization among adolescents with Substance Abuse Disorders in Sweden
Authors: Anderberg Mats , Dahlberg Mikael 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background
Adolescents who initiate treatment for substance abuse often have a history of victimization in the form of physical, psychological, or sexual abuse. These experiences can have serious adverse consequences that may affect their lives and social functioning.

Objective
This article describes and analyzes victimization among adolescents who are in outpatient treatment for substance abuse disorders with respect to gender, social circumstances, alcohol and drug abuse, and mental health.

Method
This cross-sectional study is based on structured interviews with 748 adolescents from seven outpatient clinics in Sweden. Chi-squared tests were performed to examine significant differences between gender and victimization (or lack of victimization). The study also included a quantitative content analysis of interview utterances.

Results
The analysis showed that more than half of the adolescents had experienced violence or another type of abuse. There are also significant gender differences: two thirds of the girls and slightly less than half the boys had experienced abuse in some form, and the girls had more severe needs at treatment admission.

Conclusions
This study established that experiences of victimization and exposure to violence are widespread among adolescents with substance abuse disorders in Sweden. This is an important issue that requires attention and action, with preventive and therapeutic interventions needed to provide support for both substance abuse disorders and psychiatric symptoms.
Children’s coping styles and trauma symptoms after an explosion disaster
Authors: Elmose Mette , Duch Christina , Elklit Ask 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background
The negative impact of trauma on children and adolescents is well documented. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between coping and trauma and distress symptoms after man-made disasters, especially those not related to war.

Objective
This study investigated the relationship between children’s coping styles and their self-reported levels of trauma and distress symptoms after an explosion disaster in a residential area.

Method
Participants were recruited through the local public school that served the affected residential area. A total of 333 children and adolescents from grades 3 through 10 participated in the study 16 months after the explosion. All participants filled out questionnaires to assess their trauma and distress symptoms as well as their coping strategies. The adolescents answered additional questions about pre-, peri-, and post-traumatic factors and filled out questionnaires about their trauma and distress symptoms, including aspects of somatization and negative affectivity.

Results
The following variables were associated with a higher degree of trauma symptoms for children in grades 6 through 10 and explained 39% to 48% of the unique variance in these symptoms: female gender; the experience of traumatic events pre-disaster; the destruction of property or danger to life occurring during the disaster; the experience of traumatic events post-disaster; and the use of self-blame, emotion regulation, wishful thinking, and cognitive restructuring. For the younger children, pre-, peri-, and post-disaster factors were not measured. However, female gender and the use of self-blame as a coping strategy explained 26% of the variance in trauma symptoms.

Conclusions
This study generally supports the findings of the limited literature addressing coping skills after man-made disasters. However, contrary to previous findings in community samples after episodes of terrorism, adaptive coping strategies such as cognitive restructuring were found to influence the variance of trauma and distress symptoms.
Toward a new generation of quality registries for neurodevelopmental disorders: the example of NEUROPSYK
Authors: Wilteus Anna Löfgren , Bartonek Frida , Borg Jacqueline , Bölte Sven 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Swedish healthcare quality registries are tools for the evaluation and improvement of clinical services and population-based research. There are presently 11 national quality registries that focus on psychiatric disorders; but none cover all neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) as defined by the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Health care professionals have called for more user-friendly; time-saving; and clinically informative registers.
To fill this gap, the NEUROPSYK Quality Register was established in 2014 by the Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders at Karolinska Institutet. Initially, this was a clinical register of child and adolescent psychiatry for the Stockholm County Council.
The main objectives of NEUROPSYK are to improve the assessment of and interventions used for individuals with NDDs by doing the following: 1) supporting adequate follow-up related to the implementation of existing regional and national guidelines for assessment and treatment; 2) providing clinical decision-making aids; and 3) conducting large-scale clinical epidemiological research. The registry incorporates all legal requirements for quality registries in Sweden.
NEUROPSYK includes patients of all ages diagnosed with NDDs per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. These diagnoses include autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disabilities, communication disorders, specific learning disorders, and motor disorders. Medication and behavioral interventions are recorded and patient outcomes over time are measured with the economical and user-friendly Clinical Global Impression tool, the Global Assessment of Functioning instrument, and patient-reported health-related quality of life.
NEUROPSYK minimizes administrative work for health care professionals because it is integrated with structured digital patient records, thereby increasing the likelihood of high coverage and data quality. NEUROPSYK combines several strengths to exemplify a new generation of quality research registers for use in psychiatry and other areas of health care.

Read more about NEUROPSYK: http://ki.se/en/kind/neuropsyk-quality-registry-for-neurodevelopmental-disorders
Effect of Microbial Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Stoichiometry on Soil Carbon Fractions under a Black Locust Forest within the Central Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Zhao Fazhu , Zhang Lu , Ren Chengjie , Sun Jiao , Han Xinhui , Yang Gaihe , Wang Jun 
Published: December 2016

Core Ideas
Soil C fractions were significantly correlated with microbial C/P and N/P ratios.
Soil C fractions were extremely affected by microbial C/P and N/P ratios.
Microbial C, N, and P stoichiometry have the potential to affect C storage.
Microbial C/N/P stoichiometry ratios are of interest because of important ecosystem fluxes of C, N, and P, such as mineralization and immobilization, and they can help to characterize the cycling of soil elements, especially regarding soil C sequestration. However, it is not clear how soil microbial C/N/P stoichiometry influences C cycling. In this study, the concentrations of microbial biomass C, microbial biomass N, microbial biomass P, and soil C fractions were measured in 45‐, 40‐, and 25‐yr‐old black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) forest soils and a sloped cropland. The results showed that soil organic C (SOC) concentrations or stocks and the percentage increment of the SOC stocks were highest under 45‐yr‐old black locust (RP45a). The concentrations of each C fraction in the black locust forest soils (45a, 40a, and 25a) were higher than that of sloped cropland in the 0‐ to 30‐cm soil profile. The concentrations of microbial C, N, and P in RP45a were also higher by an average of 29.6 to 232.9, 9.2 to 17.9, and 0.6 to 1.1 mg kg−1, respectively, compared with the same concentrations in sloped cropland at the 0‐ to 30‐cm soil depth. Redundancy analysis indicated that soil C fractions, especially for particulate organic C (53–2000 and >2000 μm), were significantly correlated with the microbial C/P and N/P ratios, and the “best” model selection indicated that the microbial N/P and C/P ratios significantly changed with soil C fractions with regard to stand age and soil depth in the black locust forests. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that C fractions respond to microbial C, N, and P stoichiometry after farmland‐to‐forest conversion and hence have the potential to affect C storage in the loess hilly region.
Phosphorus Speciation in Calcareous Soils Following Annual Dairy Manure Amendments
Authors: Weyers Eva , Strawn Daniel G. , Peak Derek , Moore Amber D. , Baker Leslie L. , Cade-Menun Barbara 
Published: December 2016

Core Ideas
High rates of repeated manure amendment to calcareous soils lead to change in P speciation
Soil P species are Ca‐P minerals, P adsorbed on Fe oxides, and organic P compounds
After 3 yr of manure amendment, plant‐available P increases in surface and subsurface soils
Applying manure to crops may alter P speciation in the soil profile and thus affect its availability for plant uptake and transport to surface waters. The goal of this research was to determine how repeated manure amendments affect P speciation within calcareous soil. Soil samples were collected in 2013, 2014, and 2015 from two depths to analyze differences in P composition following annual applications of 17 Mg ha‐1 manure, 52 Mg ha‐1 manure, or NH4H2PO4 fertilizer, and control plots (no P). To speciate the soil P, sequential chemical extraction, P K‐edge X‐ray adsorption near‐edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and microprobe element mapping were used. Total P concentration in the manure‐amended soils increased over 3 yr. The highest soil test P concentrations were in the 52 Mg ha‐1 plots. Most extractable P in the sequential extraction procedure was removed with the most aggressive extractant, suggesting that the predominant form of P is associated with Ca‐P minerals. The XANES results showed that P species were similar among all amendments and years: 54 to 74% Ca‐P minerals (e.g., hydroxyapatite), 25 to 35% adsorbed P, and 0 to 19% organic P (predominantly phytic acid). Despite the poorly soluble Ca‐P species predominating in all soils, soil test P increased in the manure‐amended soils. The P speciation results provide a baseline to compare how long‐term changes affect P availability and will be useful for designing long‐term scenarios in manure‐amended calcareous soils to limit excess soil P that could leach into water.
Orna Me: Laurence Sterne’s Open Letter to Literary History
Authors: Barnes Celia B. 
Published: December 2016

This essay considers the curious way Laurence Sterne communicates with and reflects on his literary predecessors, most often Alexander Pope, by writing love letters to women. Focusing primarily on his correspondence with Elizabeth Draper, Barnes contends that, even as Sterne looks back to Pope to guarantee himself a place in literary history, he looks forward to women like Draper to ensure his name will survive. Thus, erotic correspondence becomes an important way of ensuring Sterne’s literary estate, or as he terms it, his “futurity.” “Orna Me”—a phrase that means, roughly, “ornament me” or “set me off,” and that Sterne got from Pope and Swift, who got it from Cicero—allows Sterne to plug in to a literary tradition that privileges collaboration: append something of yours to something of mine. It is this idea of letter-writing as correspondence, a collaborative process between friends or lovers, that unites Sterne to his female correspondent and to literary tradition all at once.
Новини практичної ендокринології за підсумками конгресу Європейського ендокринологічного товариства 2016
Authors: Bobryk M.I. , Sydorova I.V. 
Published: December 2016

Зроблено огляд доповідей, представлених у рамках заходу з циклу «Ендокринологічні колегії», що відбувся 23 листопада 2016 року в м. Києві, Україна.
Вміст вітаміну D і стан кісткового метаболізму при синдромі тиреотоксикозу (огляд літератури)
Authors: Pankiv І.V. 
Published: December 2016

В огляді літератури наведені дані досліджень вмісту вітаміну D і стану кісткового метаболізму у хворих із синдромом тиреотоксикозу. Підсумовуючи результати досліджень, проведених різними авторами, слід відзначити важливість нормального балансу гормонів щитоподібної залози для розвитку скелета й забезпечення мінеральної щільності кісткової тканини.
Вплив комбінованої терапії із застосуванням альфа-ліпоєвої кислоти на рівень фракталкіну в пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця та цукровим діабетом 2-го типу
Authors: Zhuravlyova L.V. , Lopina N.A. 
Published: December 2016

Мета дослідження — оцінити рівні фракталкіну в пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця (ІХС) залежно від наявності цукрового діабету (ЦД) 2-го типу та характеру ураження коронарних артерій до терапії та в процесі проведення стандартної і запропонованої терапії з додаванням альфа-ліпоєвої кислоти. Матеріали та методи. Обстежений 131 пацієнт з ІХС (89 чоловіків та 42 жінки), середній вік яких становив 59,60 ± 9,11 року. Контрольну групу становили 20 практично здорових добровольців відповідної статі та віку. Залежно від наявності ЦД 2-го типу хворі ІХС були розділені на дві групи: перша група (n = 70) — хворі із супутнім ЦД 2-го типу, друга (n = 61) — хворі на ІХС без супутнього ЦД 2-го типу. Усім пацієнтам для верифікації діагнозу ІХС проводилася коронарографія. Усі пацієнти залежно від характеру ураження коронарних артерій та проведеної терапії були розподілені на дві підгрупи — IА (стандартної терапії) і IВ (комбінованої терапії). У всіх хворих оцінювалися рівні фракталкіну до терапії та через 3 місяці лікування. Результати. Під час дослідження було виявлено, що в пацієнтів з ІХС як із супутнім ЦД 2-го типу, так і без нього вірогідно підвищені рівні фракталкіну порівняно з групою контролю (р < 0,05). При порівнянні режимів терапії було виявлено, що в підгрупі стандартної терапії середній рівень фракталкіну до початку лікування становив 485,07 ± 106,55 пг/мл, а через 3 місяці терапії — 444,08 ± 99,86 пг/мл, при цьому вірогідної різниці між початковим значенням і досягнутим через 3 місяці не було (р = 0,08), хоча відзначалася тенденція до зниження рівня даного показника. У пацієнтів підгрупи IВ (n = 105), у яких проводилася комбінована терапія, була відзначена вірогідна тенденція до зменшення рівня фракталкіну через 3 місяці порівняно з початковим значенням до терапії (510,49 ± 103,95 пг/мл проти 575,56 ± 123,86 пг/мл; р = 0,00001). При цьому відносне зниження рівня фракталкіну в підгрупі IА становило 8,45 %, в підгрупі ІВ — 11,3 %. Висновки. Отримані під час дослідження результати демонструють вплив на розвиток і прогресування атеросклерозу дисфункції ендотелію, особливо вираженої на тлі супутнього ЦД 2-го типу. Застосування в схемах комбінованої терапії альфа-ліпоєвої кислоти сприяє вірогідному зниженню рівня фракталкіну, а отже, веде до зменшення дисфункції ендотелію і, як наслідок, можливого поліпшення прогнозу в даній групі пацієнтів.