bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating pastoral care and appreciative inquiry for sex trafficking survivors: A framework for healing
Authors: Frieslaar Brent V. , Masango Maake J. 
Published: September 2024

Integrating appreciative inquiry (AI) and pastoral care may help address the complex issues of commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking. This article explores the benefits of incorporating AI principles into pastoral care for survivors of commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking. Commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking involve exploitation, degradation, and violence, making them complex issues. By understanding the sex trade, we can recognise that prostitution is an act of exploitation. Some scholars believe that prostitution and human trafficking are interconnected, with a focus on exploiting the poor, especially women and children. Commercial sexual exploitation can cause mental, emotional, and spiritual distress. Survivors require comprehensive aftercare to address their spiritual, self-esteem, and dignity needs. Organisational development-based AI is constructive and strength-based. Appreciative inquiry promotes positive development, community and individual strength, and resilience by re-contextualizing narratives and envisioning brighter futures. The use of AI could improve pastoral care and holistic rehabilitation. Pastoral caregivers using AI can promote reconciliation, development, and rehabilitation. Using strengths-based strategies, pastoral care practitioners can help survivors regain agency and purpose. Survivors receive spiritual support through the Appreciative Way, which combines contemplative spirituality and inquiry. Narrative exploration can help trauma survivors envision a bright future based on love and resilience. This study suggests that AI principles may benefit pastoral care recipients who have experienced commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking. Pastoral caregivers can help survivors regain dignity, calling, and well-being by implementing an appreciative healing approach.Contribution: The article sheds light on the dehumanising consequences of sex trafficking on vulnerable populations in South Africa, particularly women and children. This article aims to explain how AI concepts can be applied to Practical Theology. Specifically, this article will demonstrate how the Appreciative Way can be utilised in pastoral care for healing from sex trafficking trauma.
Jesus and the angels: A comparative reading of Hebrews 1:1–4 in light of Ewe angelology
Authors: Sakitey Daniel , Van Eck Ernest 
Published: September 2024

This article examines the phrase, tosoutō kreittōn genomenos tōn angelōn (Heb 1:4a) (having become as much superior to the angels) in the exordium of the epistle to the Hebrews in the light of Ewe angelology. The article employs both comparative and mother tongue hermeneutical approaches as its methodologies. An exegetical analysis of the cosmic superiority of Christ over angels in Hebrews 1:4a was carried out to situate the text in its historical and literary contexts. This was followed by an excursus on angels to explore the angelic world of the text, and a comparative discussion with angelology motif in Ewe cosmology. Finally, the article assesses the cosmic supremacy of Christ over the angelic world of the Ewe against the backdrop of the continuous quest for spiritual protection in Ewe-Ghanaian spirituality today. The quest for spiritual protection in popular Ewe-Ghanaian Christianity today stems from the perception that Christ’s cosmic superiority over the cosmos he created and owns including angelic beings alone is not enough and that one would need to resort to other mediums to enhance access to God for quicker solutions to one’s predicaments. This has resulted in the introduction of syncretic elements in spirituality. To cure the syncretic elements in Ewe Christian spirituality, this article makes the following proposals: Firstly, the preaching (kerygma) and teaching (didache) of the gospel message must be given priority in the pulpit. Secondly, Christian educators must constantly emphasise Christ’s superiority and his exclusive mediatory function over Ewe cosmic beings to ensure that old and new converts to Christianity view him alone as sufficient for their spiritual development.Contribution: The article contributes to the academic knowledge of the priestly Christology in Hebrews situating it within the context of mother tongue biblical hermeneutics.
Work-life balance mediating stress and quality of life in academics during COVID-19 in Malaysia
Authors: Aye Lwin M. , Tan Jeremy Ern Hwei , Ramasamy Shamala 
Published: September 2024

Background: Following the implementation of the Movement Control Order (MCO) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, academicians from the universities in Malaysia needed to ensure that the quality-of-service delivery to the stakeholders is undisturbed by adopting new challenging norms. This compromises the work-life balance (WLB), causes more stress and potentially affects their quality of life (QoL).Aim: This study investigates how perceived stress (PS) impacts the QoL of Malaysian academicians during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the mediating role of WLB.Setting: Academics working in Malaysia during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional study, using a voluntary response sampling method, was conducted among 417 academicians from universities in Malaysia in September 2021. A self-reported online questionnaire, measuring PS, WLB and QoL, was distributed.Results: The QoL scored a mean of 50 (standard deviation [s.d.] = 9.84), PS scored a mean of 24.26 (s.d. = 8.19) and WLB had a mean score of 51.12 (s.d. = 18.73). Work-life balance was a significant mediator of PS and QoL (β = –0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –0.52 to –0.35, p = 0.0001). Perceived stress was a significant predictor of WLB (β = 1.62, p = 0.0001).Conclusion: Institutions should consider implementing flexible working arrangements, and providing workshops on crisis management, time management, and resilience. Stress coping methods are recommended for enhancing WLB among academicians.Contribution: This study contributes to the pool of evidence to support intervention strategies and policy recommendations aimed to enhance well-being.
4: Intra-operative assessment of effects of positive end expiratory pressure compared with zero end-expiratory pressure on atelectasis during surgery under general anaesthesia using ultrasonography: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jelliffe J 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
Many clinical trials have investigated the use of intraoperative lung protective ventilation to prevent post-operative pulmonary complications. But, few have visually confirmed if protective measures led to decreased intra-operative atelectasis. This study evaluates whether protective ventilation measures reduces peri-operative atelectasis, using ultrasonography.

Methods:
After obtaining informed consent, 30 patients going through surgery under general anaesthesia were randomly assigned to either lung protective ventilation group (n=15) or zero end expiratory pressure (ZEEP) group (n=15). Lung protective ventilation involved a positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 7cm H2O and recruitment manoeuvres (30cm H2O for 20 seconds) done every 30 minutes during the course of surgery. Lung ultrasound was performed on the patients at four different time points before and after surgery. Lung ultrasound score (LUS) at each time point was then compared between the two groups to analyse the effects of lung protective ventilation on atelectasis.

Results:
Prior to lung protective ventilation, the LUS was similar between the two groups. Before emergence from general anaesthesia, the mean LUS was lower among patients in the lung protective ventilation group compared to patients in ZEEP group (p<0.05). Lower mean LUS signifies better aeration in lung protective ventilation group before emergence. However, there was no significant difference in mean LUS between the two groups post operatively.

Conclusion:
Intra-operative lung protective ventilation reduces atelectasis compared to zero end expiratory pressure during surgery as assessed by ultrasound. However, this reduction in aeration loss does not continue in the post-operative period.

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6: Pre-procedural ultrasonography as an adjunct to landmark technique for identification of epidural space in parturients coming for labour analgesia- a prospective randomised controlled trial.
Authors: Pravallika K. 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
Pregnancy-induced softening of tissues and ligaments, may increase the false-positive rate when identifying the epidural space by the loss of resistance ( LOR ) technique. Ultrasonography (USG), which has now become the EYE of anesthesiologists, can be used as a reliable tool to facilitate epidural needle placement in parturients. The objectives of the study included finding out the correlation between USG guided estimated depth versus actual depth of epidural space in parturients.
Number of attempts taken and incidence of dural punctures by landmark technique versus USG guided technique were the secondary objectives

Methods:
After the approval from the institutional ethics committee and Clinical Trials Registry of India registration, 62 parturients of American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) II requesting labor analgesia were randomised into two groups of 31 each- GROUP-L (conventional landmark technique) and GROUP-U (preprocedural ultrasound scan done before epidural).
In group-U, Tuohy needle was introduced through the USG pre-determined insertion point and epidural space was located using LOR technique.

Results:
Ultrasound increased the success rate of epidural at first attempt from 51.6% in group “L” to 87% in group “U”

Fewer needle attempts (P value - 0.001) were required in group “U” as compared to group “L”.No accidental dural punctures in group U, compared to 6 in group-L.Mean depth of epidural space (cm)-UD= 3.89 ± 0.45 cm and ND=4.05±0.37 cm.

Conclusion:
Pre-procedural ultrasonography is a simple, safe and accurate tool to determine the needle insertion site, decrease the incidence of accidental dural punctures and helps to assess epidural space depth in parturients.

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13: Effects of buprenorphine and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to low dose 0.5&#x0025; heavy bupivacaine in spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate &#x2013; A comparative study.
Authors: Manasa  
Published: September 2024

<bold>Background and Aim:</bold>
Benign prostatic hypertrophy is common in elderly men. Spinal anaesthesia is preferred in transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). This study compares sensory, motor effects and haemodynamics of buprenorphine and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to low dose 0.5&#x0025; heavy bupivacine in spinal anaesthesia .

Methods:
fter Institutional Ethics Committee approval, a comparative study was conducted which included 30 elderly male patients in the age group 55-75 years belonging to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grades I and II physical status scheduled for TURP. Patients were randomised into two groups using computer generated random numbers. Group B (n-15) received 2ml 0.5&#x0025; heavy bupivacine with 45&#x00B5;g buprenorphine and Group D(n-15) received 2ml 0.5&#x0025; heavy bupivacine with 5&#x00B5;g dexmedetomidine intrathecally.Intra-operatively,following parameters were recorded: Time of onset of T10 , Highest level of motor block sensory analgesia , Time to regression of motor block to Bromage 0 , Duration of analgesia and haemodynamics .

Results:
A total of 30 patients were included in the study. The demographic data was comparable between the groups .The duration of analgesia in Group-B was 297&#x00B1;43.3 min and in Group-D 412&#x00B1;74.7 min with P value 0.002). There was low incidence of any perioperative complication such as hypotension, bradycardia,nausea and vomiting.

Conclusion:
Addition of buprenorphine 45&#x00B5;g or dexmedetomidine 5&#x00B5;g to 0.5&#x0025; heavy bupivacaine intrathecally in TURP resulted in prolonged duration of analgesia with haemodynamic stability. Dexmedetomidine has prolonged duration of analgesia with significant p value (0.002).

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14: Ultrasonography of the diaphragm to predict successful extubation
Authors: Raj Ishita 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
Successful weaning from mechanical ventilation and extubation is always a challenge to an intensivist because, both prolonged ventilation and premature extubation are associated with various complications. Prolonged mechanical ventilation is associated with complications such as ventilation associated pneumonia, barotrauma, and atrophy of respiratory muscles.Premature extubation can result in hypoxia, hypercarbia and increased respiratory and cardiac distress. For optimal functioning of the diaphragm, the primary muscle of inspiration, it is important to resume spontaneous ventilation after extubation irrespective of the cause for respiratory failure.Currently, ultrasonography measurement has been studied to predict the success of extubation along with other standard extubation protocols. The study objectives were :1. To measure the diaphragmatic thickening fraction (dTF) and diaphragmatic excursion (DE) before and after spontaneous breathing trial (SBT).
2.To compare dTF and DE with standard extubation criteria in predicting extubation outcome.

Methods:
This was a prospective, double blind observational study. Number of patients was 41. Informed consent was taken from the patients’ attenders..

Results:
We observed that 68% of the patients with normal dTF and DE values were extubated successfully, 19% were still extubated successfully with slightly lower values of dTF and DE and 9% of patients were reintubated with normal dTF and DE values.

Conclusion:
We concluded that 68% of cases for dTF>35% and DE >1cm were successfully extubated along with standard parameters.

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Comparison of the ultra-sound-guided peri-capsular nerve group block (Peng block) and the Peng block with the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block (LFCN) for the fractured hip surgeries – an aprospective, double-blinded randomised study
Authors: Srivastawa Surabhi 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
We hypothesised that blocking the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) separately may provide an additional advantage to the peri-capsular nerve group (PENG) block in terms of duration of analgesia and patient comfort. Therefore, we conducted a prospective, double-blinded, randomised study comparing the effect of PENG with that of the PENG Plus LFCN block on the duration of analgesia in fractured hip surgery. Rest and Dynamic pain scores for 24 hours were recoded as primary objectives. The duration of analgesia, the time of administration of the block until numerical rating scale (NRS) ≥ 4, the ease of spinal positioning, and side effects were recorded as secondary outcomes.

Methods:
A total of 124 patients of age group 18 to 80 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1–3, were randomised into two groups. The ultra-sound-guided PENG block with ropivacaine 0.5% 30 ml and dexamethasone 8 mg was given in group A and ropivacaine 0.5% 25 ml and 5 ml at LFCN separately was given in group B. The NRS after 20 minutes, 25 minutes, and 30 minutes was noted. The ease of spinal positioning was also noted. The NRS at 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours was noted in resting and movement. Any side effects were documented and treated as a hospital protocol. All patients were given a combined spinal epidural with injection bupivacaine 0.5 per cent 1.6 ml with fentanyl 20 µg. Injection paracetamol 1 gram was added 8 hourly in both the groups as a part of multi-modal analgesia. Injection tramadol 25 mg was given if NRS exceeded 4 through a patient-controlled analgesia only bolus dose, a lock-out of 10 minutes, 4 hourly, limit 100 mg, as rescue analgesia.

Results:
NRS at rest and movement in group A (PENG) mean [inter-quartile range (IQR)] = 3 (3-2), group B (PENG+LFCN) 2 (2-1), respectively. Time to first analgesic request mean (IQR) group A 9.04 (12.5-0), group B 12.12 (14-0), ease of spinal positioning group A 3 (3-2), group B 3 (3-2).

Conclusion:
The PENG block is an effective block for fractured hip surgeries in providing ease of spinal positioning and post-operative analgesia, and if PENG is combined with the LFCN block, the post-operative analgesia is enhanced by increasing the duration and reduction in the pain score.

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Abstract No.: ABS0125: Study of airway management in 50 COVID positive patients in ICU
Authors: Mehta Mahendi 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
The aim was to successfully perform airway management by securing definite airway via endotracheal tube in emergency or semi- emergency situation in first attempt without causing any trauma to the patient.

Methods:
In our ICU, tracheal intubation was done for patients with COVID-19 which was based on clinical criteria as per the institute protocol. Intubation was performed by an expert in airway management using method of rapid sequence intubation anddirect laryngoscope. Propofol or etomidate were used as induction agent and succinylcholine or rocuronium as musclerelaxant, according to the patient profile. Intubation box, acrylic face shield and personal protective equipment were also used for safety. Various pathological factors also contribute to difficulty in airway management such as edema and ulceration ofepiglottis and vocal cords.

Results:
Despite a multitude of technical and pathological factors contributing to difficult airway management,in this study of total 50 patients, 45 patients were intubated successfully in the first attempt, 4 patients were intubated in second attempt and 1 patient was intubated after 3 attempts using bougie with some trauma to the patient. All the intubations were performed using direct laryngoscope and rapid sequence intubation by an expert airway manager.

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Conclusion:
Therefore, to conclude, in the majority of the COVID 19 ICU patients, airway management was done successfully in the first attempt in emergency situation by the expert airway manager.
Abstract No. : ABS0423: Comparison of two different doses of Atracurium for muscle relaxation quality in rapid sequence induction in emergency laparotomies : A randomised prospective study
Authors: ChetanPatil  
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
In emergency and non-fasting patients, rapid sequenceinduction (RSI) is preferred, which is routinely done by rocuronium or succinylcholine. To avoid adverse effects of these drugs, atracurium in high dose i.e.3-4times ED95 can be used to provide good intubating conditions. The present study therefore aimed to study and compare two doses of atracurium (0.75mg/kg and 1mg/kg) with regards to quality of muscle relaxation RSI

Methods:
After obtaining institutional ethical committee clearance and written informed consent from sixty patients, they wererandomly assigned into two groups and were given premedication and induced with inj. propofol 2mg/kg and two different doses of Atracurium 0.75mg/kg in group A and 1mg/kg in group B without a priming dose. Intubation was performed bytrained anesthesiologists within a minute. At the same time, all intubating conditions, neuromuscular monitoring i.e Train of four measurement, and haemodynamics were measured. Data was analysed statistically by using the SPSS version20.

Results:
Atracurium doses of 0.75mg/kg and 1mg/kg achieved a 13.3% and 56.7% success rate of intubation without coughing orbucking. Atracurium higher dose had a longer duration of action than low dose. The duration measured by time until TOF was two (in min) was 60.13±8.7 & 79.2±9.2 (p<0.001) on giving of 0.75mg/kg and 1mg/kg atracurium respectively.

Conclusion:
Administration of high dose (1mg/kg) atracurium helps in achieving good intubating conditions during RSI. Hence atracurium can be used as a better alternative drug to succinylcholine for RSI..
Abstract No. : ABS0549: Comparison of dural puncture epidural technique with combined spinal epidural Technique for labour analgesia. A prospective randomised study.
Authors: Pedapenki Sai Krishna 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
The Dural puncture epidural technique (DPE) is where the dura is punctured but no intrathecal drug is given. thus avoiding potential side effects of intrathecal drugs. The goal of our study was to find whether DPE technique provides safe and better quality of analgesia compared to CSE.

Methods:
60 parturients of American Society of Anesthesiologists ( ASA) grade ll were divided into two groups. In DPE group, dura was punctured with spinal needle followed by insertion of epidural catheter. A test dose of 3ml of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline was given followed by 5ml of 0.125% bupivacaine. In CSE group, 1.25mg of 0.25% plain bupivacaine with 20µg fentanyl wasgiven in subarachnoid space and epidural catheter was threaded Background infusions were given in both the groups.

Results:
The onset time of analgesia was 460.67+/-72.96 seconds (7.67 min.) in DPE. While with CSE it was223.33+/-50 seconds (3.8 min). The time for the 1st top up, was 135.23± 22.05 minutes in group DPE and 135.67 ± 13.19 minutes in group CSE. The mean duration of labour was 245.87 ± 31.18 minutes in Group DPE and 238.23 Â± 34.03 minutes in CSE group (p =0.369). The maternal haemodynamic changes were similar in both study groups. In group DPE, 80% (24) patients had normal vaginal delivery 3 (10%) underwent lower segment caesarean section (LSCS), 3 (10%) had instrumental delivery. In group CSE 73.3% (22) patients had normal vaginal delivery while 13 % (4) each underwent LSCS and instrumental forceps delivery (p=0.83). There was no significant difference in motor block between the two groups( p values greater than 0.05). Eight patients (26.7%) reported pruritus in CSE group while none in the group DPE (p = 0.005). Seven patients reported nausea in group CSE against one in group DPE (p =0.05).Foetal bradycardia was more in CSE(6) compared to DPE(1)( p=0.10). APGAR score was more than 7 in both groups.

Conclusion:
The quality of analgesia was good with both DPE and CSE, though onset of analgesia was slightly faster in CSE group. The maternal and foetal outcomes were better with DPE group.