bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPLC Quantification of astaxanthin and canthaxanthin in Salmonidae eggs
Authors: Tzanova Milena , Argirova Mariana , Atanasov Vasil 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAstaxanthin and canthaxanthin are naturally occurring antioxidants referred to as xanthophylls. They are used as food additives in fish farms to improve the organoleptic qualities of salmonid products and to prevent reproductive diseases. This study reports the development and single‐laboratory validation of a rapid method for quantification of astaxanthin and canthaxanthin in eggs of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis М.). An advantage of the proposed method is the perfect combination of selective extraction of the xanthophylls and analysis of the extract by high‐performance liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection. The method validation was carried out in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery and limits of detection and quantification. The method was applied for simultaneous quantification of the two xanthophylls in eggs of rainbow trout and brook trout after their selective extraction. The results show that astaxanthin accumulations in salmonid fish eggs are larger than those of canthaxanthin. As the levels of these two xanthophylls affect fish fertility, this method can be used to improve the nutritional quality and to minimize the occurrence of the M74 syndrome in fish populations.
The forgotten biliary stent: an unusual cause of diarrhea
Authors: Sran Harkiran , Sebastian Joseph , Doughan Samer 
Published: September 2016

Key Clinical MessageThis case highlights the possible complications of biliary stents, which may include migration and impaction in the gastrointestinal tract. It also emphasizes the need for a robust follow‐up system after stent placement, to minimize the risks and possible sequelae of a forgotten stent.
An unusual cause of dyspnea and tachycardia
Authors: Reynolds Ian S. , Coyle Peter , Murray Michael , Waldron Ronan , Barry Kevin 
Published: September 2016

Key Clinical MessageDiaphragmatic hernias are typically congenital or caused by trauma. Delayed presentation is not uncommon. Repair can be undertaken through an open or minimally invasive abdominal or thoracic approach. Small defects can be repaired with sutures, while larger defects require a mesh repair. This patient's comorbidities precluded him from surgery.
Congenital insensitivity to pain and anhydrosis due to a rare mutation and that is complicated by inflammatory bowel disease and amyloidosis: a case report
Authors: Bakri Faris G. , Wahbeh Ayman , Abu Sneina Awni , Al Khader Ali , Obeidat Fatima , AlAwwa Izzat , Buni Maryam , Ki Chang‐Seok , Masri Amira 
Published: September 2016

Key Clinical MessagePatients with congenital insensitivity to pain and anhydrosis syndrome are at risk for renal amyloidosis and inflammatory bowel disease. Physicians caring for such patients should be aware of these complications.
Greener, Recyclable, and Reusable Ruthenium(III) Chloride/Polyethylene Glycol/Water System for the Selective Hydrogenation of Biomass‐Derived Levulinic Acid to γ‐Valerolactone
Authors: Patil Nilesh M. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA versatile and efficient catalyst for the hydrogenation of biomass‐derived levulinic acid to γ‐valerolactone (GVL) by using a RuCl3/polyethylene glycol (PEG‐400) /H2O catalyst system was developed. The catalysis system was also found to be active for the hydrogenation of levulinate ester. The present protocol proceeded with 99 % conversion and 99 % selectivity towards GVL without the formation of any side products. Remarkably, the reaction did not require sensitive phosphine ligands, a base, additives, or a co‐catalyst to promote the reaction. This method involved the use of environmentally benign PEG‐400 and water as a solvent, which is nontoxic, inexpensive, commercially available, nonflammable, and easy to handle. The RuCl3/PEG‐400/H2O catalyst system could be easily recycled and reused six times with high activity and selectivity.
Solvothermal Synthesis of Mesoporous Manganese Sulfide Nanoparticles Supported on Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‐doped Graphene with Superior Lithium Storage Performance
Authors: Li Gangyong , He Binhong , Zhou Minjie , Wang Guoxiang , Zhou Ningbo , Xu Wenyuan , Hou Zhaohui 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWith the aim of enhanced cyclic stability and rate capability for lithium storage of MnS‐based anode materials, a composite consisting of mesoporous MnS nanoparticles and nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped graphene (NS‐G/MnS) can be synthesized by a facile one‐pot solvothermal procedure with thiourea as the single nitrogen and sulfur precursor. The resultant composite serves as an active anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and exhibits a large specific capacity, good rate capability, and excellent cyclic stability. The superior lithium storage property can be ascribed to the synergistic effect between the NS‐G nanosheets and mesoporous MnS nanoparticles. The NS‐G/MnS composite with superior lithium storage properties can be considered as a promising candidate for high‐performance LIB anodes.
Reagentless Electrochemiluminescence from a Nanoparticulate Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM‐1) Immobilized onto Tin‐Doped Indium Oxide
Authors: Madrid Elena , He Daping , Yang Jinlong , Hogan Conor F. , Stringer Bradley , Msayib Kadhum J. , McKeown Neil B. , Raithby Paul R. , Marken Frank 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn contrast to most common electrochemiluminescence (ECL) techniques that require either an additional reagent or continuous pulsing between oxidative and reductive potentials, here a fluorescent polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM‐1) is shown to exhibit intrinsic ECL without the need for a co‐reactant at positive applied potentials and as a function of pH. PIM‐1 is known to possess high microporosity (based on its rigid and contorted molecular structure) and excellent fluorescence properties. By depositing a nanoparticulate form of the PIM‐1 material onto tin‐doped indium oxide, we achieve a hierarchically porous deposit with good sustained ECL activity in aqueous media. The mechanism for this reagentless ECL is suggested to be linked to reactive oxygen species produced at positive potentials and discussed in terms of potential analytical applications.
Cross‐linking SixOy Cages with Carbon by Thermally Annealing Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane: Structures, Morphology, and Electrochemical Properties as Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Kong Junhua , Wei Yuefan , Lu Xuehong , He Chaobin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractChemically cross‐linked SixOy cage clusters embedded in N‐doped carbon were prepared by thermal treatment of octaammonium polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS; (SiO1.5C3H6NH3Cl)8) in an inert environment. Transmission electron microscopic studies show that by annealing at 900 °C, Si‐rich clusters with a size of approximately 5 nm were formed and uniformly distributed in a lighter matrix. XPS analysis indicates that the sample obtained from annealing at 900 °C (P900) has a chemical composition of Si6.5O12.0C9.3N0.5 and it also contains substantial amounts of Si−C and C−O bonds, sp2 C, and a small number of C=N bonds, in addition to Si−O bonds. Together with thermogravimetric analysis, this suggests that the clusters are likely to be formed by chemical cross‐linking several POSS cages through Si−C or C−O bonds, whereas the matrix may be N‐doped carbon that results from carbonization of some detached side‐chains. When used as a lithium‐ion battery anode, P900 exhibits stable and high cycling and rate capacity. The capacity can be maintained for at least 1000 cycles. This is much better than results for anodes made from silicon oxides, which could be ascribed to 1) the less compact but fairly stable Si−O active sites brought by the cage structure and the cross‐linking; 2) the small size of the clusters that ensures smooth and complete lithium insertion/extraction; and 3) the “island–sea” morphology for the clusters‐in‐carbon hybrid that enhances interfacial interactions and facilitates charge conduction.
One‐Dimensional Copper(II) Coordination Polymer as an Electrocatalyst for Water Oxidation
Authors: Mishra Rupali , Ülker Emine , Karadas Ferdi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAlthough cobalt‐based heterogeneous catalysts are the central focus in water oxidation research, interest in copper‐based water oxidation catalysts has been growing thanks the great abundance of copper and its biological relevance. Several copper oxides have recently been reported to be active catalysts for water oxidation. In this study, a heterogeneous copper‐based water oxidation catalyst that is not an oxide has been reported for the first time. Single‐crystal XRD studies indicate that the compound is a one‐dimensional coordination compound incorporating copper paddle‐wheel units connected through phosphine dioxide ligands. The catalyst exhibits an onset potential of 372 mV at pH 10.2, whereas an overpotential of only 563 mV is required to produce a current density of 1 mA cm−2. In addition to cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric studies, an investigation into the effect of pH on the catalytic activity and the robustness of the catalyst using long‐term bulk electrolysis (12 h) is presented.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective C‐Benzylation via a Rearrangement Reaction: Access to Benzyl‐Substituted Anilines
Authors: Amézquita‐Valencia Manuel , Alper Howard 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAn unprecedented C‐benzylation rearrangement reaction, catalyzed by palladium, is reported. The reaction proceeds by rearrangement leading to the direct synthesis of para or ortho benzyl‐substituted N‐methylanilines. The product is obtained in high regioselectivity, without the need to use a ligand for the catalytic process.
Direct Introduction of a Dimesitylboryl Group Using Base‐Mediated Substitution of Aryl Halides with Silyldimesitylborane
Authors: Yamamoto Eiji , Izumi Kiyotaka , Shishido Ryosuke , Seki Tomohiro , Tokodai Noriaki , Ito Hajime 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe first dimesitylboryl substitution of aryl halides with a silylborane bearing a dimesitylboryl group in the presence of alkali‐metal alkoxides is described. The reactions of aryl bromides or iodides with Ph2MeSi−BMes2 and Na(OtBu) afforded the desired aryl dimesitylboranes in good to high yields and with high borylation/silylation ratios. Selective reaction of the sterically less‐hindered C−Br bond of dibromoarenes provided monoborylated products. This reaction was used to rapidly construct a D‐π‐A aryl dimesityl borane with a non‐symmetrical biphenyl spacer.
Evanescent Wave Absorption Sensor Based Tapered Plastic Optical Fiber Coated with Monolayer Graphene for Ethanol Molecules Detection
Authors: Jiang Shouzhen , Qiu Hengwei , Gao Saisai , Chen Peixi , Li Zhen , Yu Kaiyang , Yue Weiwei , Yang Cheng , Huo Yanyan , Wang Shuyun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAn evanescent wave absorption (EWA) sensor based tapered plastic optical fiber (TPOF) coated with monolayer graphene film for ethanol molecules detection is demonstrated in this study. The continuous and monolayer graphene films were grown on a Cu foil by using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was used as the carrier to support the transfer of graphene from Cu foil to the skinless tapered optical fiber core. The accuracy of the TPOF sensor with graphene (G‐TPOF sensor) is much higher than that without graphene (TPOF sensor), which can be attributed to the molecules enriched on the surface of graphene. The absorbance (A) and the concentrations of ethanol solution show an excellent proportional relationship in a range of 0–100%. The dynamic response of the G‐TPOF sensor has shown strong reversibility, repeatability and stability at room temperature. The response time and recovery time of the G‐TPOF sensor for different concentrations are all less than 30 s. Beyond that, we selected the Chinese liquor as the analyte, and the results are consistent with the concentration‐list obtained in the experiment.
Synthesis of 3′,4′‐Diaryl‐4′H‐spiro[indoline‐3,5′‐[1′,2′,4′]oxadiazol]‐2‐ones via DMAP‐catalyzed Domino Reactions and Their Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Shi Guanghao , He Xinwei , Shang Yongjia , Xiang Liwei , Yang Cheng , Han Guang , Du Bing 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA convenient and metal‐free DMAP‐catalyzed domino reaction of isatins, arylamines and hydroximoyl chlorides has been developed to achieve 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of imines into aryl nitrile oxides at ambient temperature. In this one‐pot transformation, a 1,2,4‐oxadiazole skeleton was efficiently formed. This methodology needs no extra additives and features wide substrate scope, good functional group tolerance and mild reaction conditions. A plausible mechanism for this process was proposed. Moreover, the antibacterial activities of the products were evaluated towards Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae using the Broth microdilution method.
Cell‐ and region‐specific expression of depression‐related protein p11 (S100a10) in the brain
Authors: Milosevic Ana , Liebmann Thomas , Knudsen Margarete , Schintu Nicoletta , Svenningsson Per , Greengard Paul 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTP11 (S100a10), a member of the S100 family of proteins, has widespread distribution in the vertebrate body, including in the brain, where it has a key role in membrane trafficking, vesicle secretion, and endocytosis. Recently, our laboratory has shown that a constitutive knockout of p11 (p11‐KO) in mice results in a depressive‐like phenotype. Furthermore, p11 has been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD) and in the actions of antidepressants. Since depression affects multiple brain regions, and the role of p11 has only been determined in a few of these areas, a detailed analysis of p11 expression in the brain is warranted. Here we demonstrate that, although widespread in the brain, p11 expression is restricted to distinct regions, and specific neuronal and nonneuronal cell types. Furthermore, we provide comprehensive mapping of p11 expression using in situ hybridization, immunocytochemistry, and whole‐tissue volume imaging. Overall, expression spans multiple brain regions, structures, and cell types, suggesting a complex role of p11 in depression. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:955–975, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Innovative Simple Method for Study of the Characteristics of the Trigatron Plasma Switch
Authors: Aram M. , Morshedian N. , Behrouzinia S. , Namnabat M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA simple Semi‐Analytical method used to fit the experimentally recorded current of the closed switch discharge circuit into the free running under damped LC oscillator model and the arc plasma conductivity, electron density of the plasma and efficiency of the spark gap switch energy transfer have been driven from the model by some simple calculations. The charging voltage, switch pressure and the spark gap has been changed between 6 to 15 kV, 1 to 1.5 bar and 1.4 or 2.8 mm, respectively. The obtained values for plasma conductivity and electron density of plasma are (5‐25)(Ω mm)–1, (0.5–3.5)·1024m–3, respectively. The efficiency of the switch is plotted Vs. Pd and E/P which in both cases the peak value has been about 80 present.
Study on a New Ignition Method of the Spark Gap Based on Plasma Ejection in Air
Authors: Huang D. , Yang L.J. , Huo P. , Ma J.B. , Liu S. , Wang W. , Ding W.D. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA new ignition method of the spark gap based on plasma ejection is proposed in this paper, as the conventional trigatron spark gap performs poorly under the low working coefficient (the ratio of the charging voltage to the self‐breakdown voltage) in air. The plasma is generated by the capillary discharge, which has high pressure, high temperature and high velocity. The capillary discharge device is placed inside the low voltage electrode. As long as the triggering signal is sent to the device, a column of the plasma flow is ejected in axial direction and develops rapidly towards the high voltage electrode. Subsequently, the gap is broken down and a high resistive channel is formed, where the thermal ionization takes place and the arc across the whole gap is generated and develops into a well conductive channel. The process of the thermal ionization of the high resistive channel varies with the change of the spark gap distance. The breakdown delay and the delay jitter of the spark gap increase with the spark gap distance, as both parameters are mainly determined by the developing process of the plasma ejection. The characteristics of the plasma flow determine the possibility of the breakdown of the spark gap under the low working coefficient. The ignition method based on capillary plasma ejection has been proved by the preliminary experiments, which indicate that under the gap length of 8 cm and the working coefficient of less than 3%, the effective ignition is still achievable.
Neuroendocrine factors distinguish juvenile psychopathy variants
Authors: Kimonis Eva R. , Goulter Natalie , Hawes David J. , Wilbur Rhonda R. , Groer Maureen W. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe characteristic pattern of emotional hypo‐reactivity observed in primary psychopathy is not evident in secondary psychopathy, which is thought to originate from childhood adversity and co‐occurring anxiety. The main aim of this study was to test whether salivary afternoon cortisol, Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and cortisol‐to‐DHEA concentrations, which at high levels indicate risk for chronic stress and poor mental health, distinguished secondary from primary variants of callous‐unemotional (CU) traits—the affective component of psychopathy. This aim was achieved by first identifying psychopathy variants using latent profile analysis of CU, anxiety, and aggression scores among 232 incarcerated adolescent boys (M age = 16.75). Based on a subset with neuroendocrine data (n = 201), aggressive secondary CU variants had lower afternoon DHEA concentrations and higher cortisol‐to‐DHEA ratios and comorbid psychopathology compared with all other groups. In contrast, two primary CU variants (aggressive and non‐aggressive types) emerged with profiles characterized by low to average psychopathology and high DHEA levels. Findings contribute to a growing literature base suggesting that biomarkers may distinguish youth on separable developmental pathways to psychopathy.
Cyanobacteria facilitate parasite epidemics in Daphnia
Authors: Tellenbach C. , Tardent N. , Pomati F. , Keller B. , Hairston N. G. , Wolinska J. , Spaak P. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe seasonal dominance of cyanobacteria in the phytoplankton community of lake ecosystems can have severe implications for higher trophic levels. For herbivorous zooplankton such as Daphnia, cyanobacteria have poor nutritional value and some species can produce toxins affecting zooplankton survival and reproduction. Here we present another, hitherto largely unexplored aspect of cyanobacteria, namely that they can increase Daphnia susceptibility to parasites. In a 12‐yr monthly time‐series analysis of the Daphnia community in Greifensee (Switzerland), we observed that cyanobacteria density correlated significantly with the epidemics of a common gut parasite of Daphnia, Caullerya mesnili, regardless of what cyanobacteria species was present or whether it was colonial or filamentous. The temperature from the previous month also affected the occurrence of Caullerya epidemics, either directly or indirectly by the promotion of cyanobacterial growth. A laboratory experiment confirmed that cyanobacteria increase the susceptibility of Daphnia to Caullerya, and suggested a possible involvement of cyanotoxins or other chemical traits of cyanobacteria in this process. These findings expand our understanding of the consequences of toxic cyanobacterial blooms for lake ecosystems and might be relevant for epidemics experienced by other aquatic species.
Five Disk‐Shaped {MII7} (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn) Clusters and One Capsule‐Like {CuII6NaI2} Cluster Assembled from the Same Schiff Base Ligand
Authors: Zhang Haifeng , Zhang Jin , Liu Rui , Li Yahong , Liu Wei , Li Wu 
Published: September 2016

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Yahong Li at Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China. The cover image shows five disk‐shaped {M7} transition metal clusters and one capsule‐like {CuII6NaI2} cluster, whose magnetic properties are studied.
A modified true triaxial apparatus for measuring mechanical properties of sandstone coupled with CO2‐H2O biphase fluid
Authors: Hu Shaobin , Li Xiaochun , Bai Bing , Shi Lu , Liu Mingze , Wu Haiqing 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMechanical behaviors of rock under biphase or multiphase fluids conditions are key scientific issues currently in geomechanics and geotectonics. In this work, we conducted a series of triaxial experiments using a semipermeable separator method to form a specific composition pressure; we comparatively investigated the mechanical behaviors of sandstone in the conditions of monophase fluids CO2/N2/H2O and biphase fluid CO2‐H2O; and we analyzed the strength, elasticity modulus and brittleness of sandstones at different porous fluid conditions. The results showed that the selective adsorption of mineral compositions of sandstone on CO2/N2/H2O has obvious effects on mechanical behaviors. The linear elastic modulus of CO2‐H2O coupled sandstone was slightly greater than that of H2O‐bearing sandstone, but significantly less than that of CO2‐ or N2‐bearing sandstone. Compared to H2O, CO2 or N2 containing sandstones are mainly subjected to the brittle failure and exhibit no obvious plastic deformation. Overall, the study analyzed the mechanisms of physicochemical interactions of fluid with sandstone minerals from the micro‐scales, and revealed the mechanical mechanism between fluids and mineral particles, and established a new effective stress model of sandstone under CO2‐H2O biphase condition. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rheumatoid nodule presenting as a buccal submucosal nodule: A rare presentation of a common disease
Authors: Tay Gerald Ci‐An , Sauer David A. , Andersen Peter E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundRheumatoid nodules are a common manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis but buccal rheumatoid nodules are extremely rare. The purpose of this study was to report a rare case of a rheumatoid buccal nodule and a review of the literature.Methods and ResultsThis case is about a 79‐year‐old woman with rheumatoid arthritis who was taking methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine, presenting with an enlarging left buccal submucosal mass. An incisional biopsy showed features consistent with that of a rheumatoid nodule. The mass was managed expectantly and the patient was taken off methotrexate with a marked reduction in the size of the nodule.ConclusionSubmucosal rheumatoid nodules of the oral cavity are an extremely rare manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis but should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presenting with submucosal masses. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Head Neck 39: E12–E14, 2017