bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salvage-Chirurgie bei Tumorrezidiven der Mundhöhle – Einfluss der vorherigen Behandlung und des
Patientenalters
Authors: Giger Roland , Elicin Olgun 
Published: January 2018

Tam S et al. Estimating Survival After Salvage Surgery for Recurrent Oral Cavity Cancer. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017;
143:685–690
Loko-regionäre Rezidive eines Plattenepithelkarzinoms der Mundhöhle sind lebensbedrohlich und eine klinische Herausforderung. Welche Rolle
spielt in diesen Fällen die Salvage-Chirurgie?
„Die brauchen was zum Ausprobieren“ – Körper und Körper-Modelle in der sexualpädagogischen Praxis
Authors: Langer Antje 
Published: January 2018

ZusammenfassungIn sexualpädagogischen Workshops mit Schulklassen kommen diverse Materialien zum Einsatz: Modelle von Geschlechtsorganen, Verhütungsmittel,
Hygieneartikel, Broschüren oder Comics zum Thema „Erste Liebe“. Diese Dinge sollen Sexualität und sexualitätsbezogene Themen
veranschaulichen und (be-)greifbar machen. Ihr Einsatz ist also ein strategischer in der Vermittlung von Wissen und im Erreichen der
Adressat*innen. Dabei transportieren sie zwangsläufig Bilder von Körpern/Körperteilen, Geschlecht(ern) und Geschlechterbeziehungen und
vermitteln dadurch ein Bild der Normalität von Lebensweisen und Praktiken. Zudem stehen sie in einem Spannungsverhältnis zu den Körpern der
Anwesenden: So soll der Körper der Adressat*innen nicht zu sehr im Fokus stehen, in der Vermittlung des Wissens aber dennoch ein Bezug zu
ihm hergestellt werden. In diesem Spannungsverhältnis kommt dem Einsatz von „körpernahen“ Modellen eine besondere Relevanz zu: Inwiefern und
im Rahmen welcher scheinbaren Widersprüche dies der Fall ist, ist Gegenstand dieses Beitrags. Welche Realität – welches Wissen und welche
Erfahrungen – werden mit ihnen geschaffen? Wie verhalten sich diese zu Sexualität, Körperlichkeit und Geschlecht? Diesen Fragen wird in der
Analyse von Expert*inneninterviews mit Fachkräften aus der Sexualpädagogik nachgegangen.
Medikamentöse Therapiemöglichkeiten bei vestibulären Störungen, Nystagmus und zerebellären Ataxien
Authors: Feil K. , Böttcher N. , Kremmyda O. , Muth C. , Teufel J. , Zwergal A. , Brandt T. , Strupp M. 
Published: January 2018

ZusammenfassungZur Pharmakotherapie von vestibulären Erkrankungen kommen im Wesentlichen folgende Wirkstoffgruppen zum Einsatz: Antivertiginosa,
Antikonvulsiva, Antidepressiva, Antiphlogistika, Anti-Menière-wirksame Substanzen, Migräneprophylaktika, Aminopyridine (Kaliumkanalblocker)
und Acetyl-DL-Leucin (eine modifizierte essenzielle Aminosäure). Die Behandlung des Symptoms Schwindel und der begleitenden vegetativen
Beschwerden wie Übelkeit, Brechreiz oder Erbrechen sollte zeitlich stets begrenzt werden. Bei einem akuten einseitigen Vestibularisausfall
verbessern Kortikosteroide die Erholung der peripher vestibulären Funktion, ohne ausreichende Evidenz für eine allgemeine Empfehlung.Für die Wirksamkeit von Betahistin (16 mg dreimal täglich oder 48 mg dreimal täglich) bei Morbus Menière gibt es bislang keine ausreichende
Evidenz, ggf. sollten hierbei höhere Dosierungen angestrebt werden – insbesondere, da in tierexperimentellen Studien eine Verbesserung der
Durchblutung des Innenohrs nachgewiesen wurde. Bei der Vestibularisparoxysmie sind Carbamazepin/Oxcarbazepin wahrscheinlich wirksam, es
fehlen aber noch randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCTs) dazu. Bei der vestibulären Migräne gibt es bislang keine RCTs zur Wirksamkeit
von Betablockern oder Topiramat, so dass hier aufgrund von klinischen Erfahrungen die Therapie in Analogie zur Migräne ohne Aura empfohlen
wird.Aminopyridine werden für die Behandlung von Patienten mit Downbeat-Nystagmus (2 RCTs) und der episodischen Ataxie Typ 2 (EA2, 1 RCT)
empfohlen. Die Wirksamkeit von Aminopyridinen wurde in tierexperimentellen und funktionellen Bildgebungsstudien evaluiert. Acetyl-DL-Leucin,
eine modifizierte essenzielle Aminosäure, verbessert die klinischen Symptome der zerebellären Ataxie (bisher 3 Beobachtungsstudien). Nach
tierexperimentellen Studien beschleunigt es auch die zentrale Kompensation vestibulärer Störungen; randomisierte klinische Studien dazu
waren negativ. Derzeit werden die folgenden klinischen RCTs zu verschiedenen Erkrankungen durchgeführt: Vestibularisparoxysmie
(Carbamazepin, VesPa), akute einseitige Vestibulopathie/Neuritis vestibularis (Betahistin, BETAVEST), vestibuläre Migräne (Metoprolol,
PROVEMIG), BPPV (Vitamin D, VitD@BPPV), EA2 (Aminopyridin vs. Acetazolamid, EAT-2-TREAT) und zerebelläre Ataxien (Acetyl-DL-Leucin,
ALCAT).
Effective Antimalarial Activities of α-Hydroxy Diynes Isolated from Ongokea gore
Authors: Ntumba Joséphine , Tshiongo Christian , Mifundu Michel , Robiette Raphäel , Taba Kalulu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThree diynes, octadec-17-ene-9,11-diynoate ethyl (1), 8-hydroxy-octadeca-13,17-diene-9,11-diynoate ethyl (2), and 8-hydroxy-octadec-13-ene-9,11-diynoate ethyl (3), were isolated from Ongokea gore seed oil. The structure assignment of these three compounds was based according to chemical and spectroscopic data. They were screened against Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes malaria. In vitro micro-test (Mark III, supported by the World Health Organization) was developed to assess the response of P. falciparum to the isolated three compounds, and statistical analysis were performed for determination of the concentration that inhibits 50% of the parasite maturation (IC50). Two of the three diynes (2 and 3) showed a very effective in vitro antimalarial activity with an IC50 of 4.5 and 1.7 µM, respectively. Compound 3 exhibited better activity than quinine (IC50 1.9 µM), the drug reference, while compound 1 had no antimalarial activity (IC50 > 125 µM). In the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cytotoxicity screening, all compounds showed no toxicity (mean IC50 of 90 µM for each compound).
Demography and mating system shape the genome-wide impact of purifying selection in
Arabis alpina
Authors: Laenen Benjamin , Tedder Andrew , Nowak Michael D. , Toräng Per , Wunder Jörg , Wötzel Stefan , Steige Kim A. , Kourmpetis Yiannis , Odong Thomas , Drouzas Andreas D. , Bink Marco C. A. M. , Ågren Jon , Coupland George , Slotte Tanja 
Published: January 2018

Significance
Intermediate outcrossing rates are theoretically predicted to maintain effective selection against harmful alleles, but few studies have empirically tested this prediction with the use of genomic data. We used whole-genome resequencing data from alpine rock-cress to study how genetic variation and purifying selection vary with mating system. We find that populations with intermediate outcrossing rates have similar levels of genetic diversity as outcrossing populations, and that purifying selection against harmful alleles is efficient in mixed-mating populations. In contrast, self-fertilizing populations from Scandinavia have strongly reduced genetic diversity and accumulate harmful mutations, likely as a result of demographic effects of postglacial colonization. Our results suggest that mixed-mating populations can avoid some of the negative evolutionary consequences of high self-fertilization rates.
Genetics of the human face: Identification of large-effect single gene variants
Authors: Crouch Daniel J. M. , Winney Bruce , Koppen Willem P. , Christmas William J. , Hutnik Katarzyna , Day Tammy , Meena Devendra , Boumertit Abdelhamid , Hysi Pirro , Nessa Ayrun , Spector Tim D. , Kittler Josef , Bodmer Walter F. 
Published: January 2018

SignificanceThe human face is extraordinarily variable, and the extreme similarity of the faces of identical twins indicates that most of this variability is genetically determined. We have devised an approach to increase the chance of identifying specific large genetic effects on particular facial features, by choosing features with high heritability and selecting individuals with relatively extreme facial phenotypes for comparison with a control population. This has yielded three specific and replicated genetic variants, two for features of facial profiles, and one for the region around the eyes. Further application of these methods should enable the understanding, eventually at the molecular level, of the nature of this extraordinary genetic variability, which is such an important feature of our everyday human interactions.
A Research Agenda for International Agricultural Trade
Authors: Martin Will 
Published: January 2018

AbstractInternational trade is likely to be a hugely important and interesting area for research by agricultural and applied economists in the next decade. While the questions for research are likely to change—with less emphasis on large‐scale international negotiations and more on national reforms and regional agreements—there will be important challenges in understanding the driving forces for world agricultural markets, in trade policy, and in ensuring food security. New analytical techniques built on the gravity model and geospatial production data create many opportunities for innovative applications and expand the range of questions to which researchers in this field can effectively respond.
Neural Activity During Mental Rotation in Deaf Signers: The Influence of Long-Term Sign Language Experience
Authors: Le Hong-Bo , Zhang Hui-Hong , Wu Qiu-Lin , Zhang Jiong , Yin Jing-Jing , Ma Shu-Hua 
Published: January 2018

Objectives:
Mental rotation is the brain’s visuospatial understanding of what objects are and where they belong. Previous research indicated that deaf signers showed behavioral enhancement for nonlinguistic visual tasks, including mental rotation. In this study, we investigated the neural difference of mental rotation processing between deaf signers and hearing nonsigners using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Design:
The participants performed a block-designed experiment, consisting of alternating blocks of comparison and rotation periods, separated by a baseline or fixation period. Mental rotation tasks were performed using three-dimensional figures. fMRI images were acquired during the entire experiment, and the fMRI data were analyzed with Analysis of Functional NeuroImages. A factorial design analysis of variance was designed for fMRI analyses. The differences of activation were analyzed for the main effects of group and task, as well as for the interaction of group by task.

Results:
The study showed differences in activated areas between deaf signers and hearing nonsigners on the mental rotation of three-dimensional figures. Subtracting activations of fixation from activations of rotation, both groups showed consistent activation in bilateral occipital lobe, bilateral parietal lobe, and bilateral posterior temporal lobe. There were different main effects of task (rotation versus comparison) with significant activation clusters in the bilateral precuneus, the right middle frontal gyrus, the bilateral medial frontal gyrus, the right interior frontal gyrus, the right superior frontal gyrus, the right anterior cingulate, and the bilateral posterior cingulate. There were significant interaction effects of group by task in the bilateral anterior cingulate, the right inferior frontal gyrus, the left superior frontal gyrus, the left posterior cingulate, the left middle temporal gyrus, and the right inferior parietal lobe. In simple effects of deaf and hearing groups with rotation minus comparison, deaf signers mainly showed activity in the right hemisphere, while hearing nonsigners showed bilateral activity. In the simple effects of rotation task, decreased activities were shown for deaf signers compared with hearing nonsigners throughout several regions, including the bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, the left posterior cingulate cortex, the right anterior cingulate cortex, and the right inferior parietal lobe.

Conclusion:
Decreased activations in several brain regions of deaf signers when compared to hearing nonsigners reflected increased neural efficiency and a precise functional circuitry, which was generated through long-term experience with sign language processing. In addition, we inferred tentatively that there may be a lateralization pattern to the right hemisphere for deaf signers when performing mental rotation tasks.
Visibility and Depth of the Stromal Demarcation Line After Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography: Comparison Between Isoosmolar and Hypoosmolar Riboflavin
Authors: Lhuillier Louis , Ghetemme Cedric , Boiché Mathilde , Yahia Rekia , Houmad Naila , Zaidi Mohamed , Goetz Christophe , Perone Jean Marc 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate and compare visibility and depth of the stromal demarcation line (DL) created after corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) between 2 groups: CXL with isoosmolar and hypoosmolar riboflavin.

Methods:
In this retrospective study performed at Metz-Thionville Regional Hospital, consecutive patients with progressive keratoconus underwent CXL using an accelerated protocol (10 min, 9 mW/cm2 ultraviolet-A). AS-OCT (RS-3000, Nidek) was performed at 1 month after surgery, with stromal DL visibility graded. The corneal demarcation line depth (DLD) was also measured.

Results:
Seventy-five eyes of 58 patients with a mean age of 25.2 ± 9.1 years were enrolled in the study. Preoperative mean anterior Kmax was 57.4 ± 5.4 D. The mean thinnest pachymetry was 474.3 ± 35.7 μm. The mean depth of the stromal DL on 1-month optical coherence tomography evaluation was 331.2 ± 62.7 μm. A DL was visible (grades 1 and 2) in 54 (72%) treated eyes. A positive correlation was found between patient age and the DLD: deeper lines were found in older patients [r = 0.38, P = 0.005, confidence interval 95% (0.12; 0.58)]. Forty-one patients were included in the isoosmolar group and 34 in the hypoosmolar group: neither visibility nor DLD was significantly different between groups. The mean depth was 334.5 ± 67.5 μm and 328.1 ± 59.0 μm in the isoosmolar and hypoosmolar groups, respectively (P = 0.82). A DL was visible (grades 1 and 2) in 26 eyes (63.4%) and 28 eyes (82.4%) in the isoosmolar and hypoosmolar groups, respectively (P = 0.12).

Conclusions:
The use of isoosmolar or hypoosmolar riboflavin does not significantly modify the depth or visibility of the stromal DL 1 month after accelerated CXL on AS-OCT evaluation.
Ocular Surface Workup With Automated Noninvasive Measurements for the Diagnosis of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Authors: Giannaccare Giuseppe , Vigo Luca , Pellegrini Marco , Sebastiani Stefano , Carones Francesco 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
To analyze diagnostic performance of an ocular surface workup based on automated noninvasive measurements in the diagnosis of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Methods:
Two hundred ninety-eight eyes of 149 patients with MGD and 54 eyes of 27 control patients were analyzed. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), noninvasive breakup time (BUT), lipid layer thickness, meibomian gland loss, and tear osmolarity were calculated. The correlations among variables in the MGD group were analyzed. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curves was calculated.

Results:
OSDI, noninvasive BUT, and meibomian gland loss were significantly different between MGD and control groups (respectively, 37.9 ± 19.6 vs. 7.1 ± 2.8; 8.8 ± 3.6 vs. 11.0 ± 3.0; 28.0 ± 17.6 vs. 21.2 ± 13.0; always P < 0.05). Positive correlations were found between lipid layer thickness and noninvasive BUT and between meibomian gland loss and OSDI (respectively, r = 0.169, P = 0.004; r = 0.187, P = 0.004). Noninvasive BUT had the highest diagnostic power as a single parameter, followed by meibomian gland loss (respectively AUC = 0.686, AUC = 0.598). When the diagnosis of MGD was made based on either noninvasive BUT or meibomian gland loss being abnormal, sensitivity was 86.2% and specificity 38.5%. When the diagnosis was made on both noninvasive BUT and meibomian gland loss being abnormal, sensitivity was 39.3% and specificity 85.6%.

Conclusions:
This automated noninvasive ocular surface workup may represent a useful screening tool for the diagnosis of MGD. In case of positivity of either noninvasive BUT or meibomian gland loss, subsequent qualitative clinical tests should be performed to achieve a reliable diagnosis and more precise characterization of MGD.
Socioeconomic status and incidence of cardiac arrest: a spatial approach to social and territorial disparities
Authors: Castra Laurent , Genin Michael , Escutnaire Joséphine , Baert Valentine , Agostinucci Jean-Marc , Revaux François , Ursat Cécile , Tazarourte Karim , Adnet Frédéric , Hubert Hervé 
Published: January 2018

Objective
Cardiac arrest (CA) is considered a major public health issue. Few studies have focused on geographic variations in incidence and socioeconomic characteristics. The aim of this study is to identify clusters of municipalities with high or low CA incidence, and find socioeconomic factors associated with them.

Patients and methods
CA data from three Parisian counties, representing 123 municipalities, were extracted from the French CA registry. Socioeconomic data for each municipality were collected from the French national institute of statistics. We used a statistical approach combining Bayesian methods to study geographical CA incidence variations, and scan statistics, to identify CA incidence clusters of municipalities. Finally, we compared clusters of municipalities in terms of socioeconomic factors.

Results
Strong geographical variations were found among 123 municipalities: 34 presented a significantly increased risk of incidence and 37 presented a significantly low risk. Scan statistics identified seven significant spatial clusters of CA incidence, including three clusters with low incidence (the relative risk varied from 0.23 to 0.54) and four clusters with high incidence (the relative risk varied from 1.43 to 2). Clusters of municipalities with a high CA incidence are characterized by a lower socioeconomic status than the others (low and normal CA incidence clusters). Analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between social deprivation factors and high incidence.

Conclusion
This study shows strong geographical variations in CA incidence and a statistically significant relationship between over-incidence and social deprivation variables.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Anastomotic Failure in 1594 Patients Treated by Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision
Authors: Penna Marta , Hompes Roel , Arnold Steve , Wynn Greg , Austin Ralph , Warusavitarne Janindra , Moran Brendan , Hanna George B. , Mortensen Neil J. , Tekkis Paris P. 
Published: January 2018

Objective:
To determine the incidence of anastomotic-related morbidity following Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision (TaTME) and identify independent risk factors for failure.

Background:
Anastomotic leak and its sequelae are dreaded complications following gastrointestinal surgery. TaTME is a recent technique for rectal resection, which includes novel anastomotic techniques.

Methods:
Prospective study of consecutive reconstructed TaTME cases recorded over 30 months in 107 surgical centers across 29 countries. Primary endpoint was “anastomotic failure,” defined as a composite endpoint of early or delayed leak, pelvic abscess, anastomotic fistula, chronic sinus, or anastomotic stricture. Multivariate regression analysis performed identifying independent risk factors of anastomotic failure and an observed risk score developed.

Results:
One thousand five hundred ninety-four cases with anastomotic reconstruction were analyzed; 96.6% performed for cancer. Median anastomotic height from anal verge was 3.0 ± 2.0 cm with stapled techniques accounting for 66.0%. The overall anastomotic failure rate was 15.7%. This included early (7.8%) and delayed leak (2.0%), pelvic abscess (4.7%), anastomotic fistula (0.8%), chronic sinus (0.9%), and anastomotic stricture in 3.6% of cases. Independent risk factors of anastomotic failure were: male sex, obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, tumors >25 mm, excessive intraoperative blood loss, manual anastomosis, and prolonged perineal operative time. A scoring system for preoperative risk factors was associated with observed rates of anastomotic failure between 6.3% to 50% based on the cumulative score.

Conclusions:
Large tumors in obese, diabetic male patients who smoke have the highest risk of anastomotic failure. Acknowledging such risk factors can guide appropriate consent and clinical decision-making that may reduce anastomotic-related morbidity.
Medial Open Transversus Abdominis Plane (MOTAP) Catheters Reduce Opioid Requirements and Improve Pain Control Following Open Liver Resection
Authors: Karanicolas Paul Jack , Cleary Sean , McHardy Paul , Kiss Alex , Sawyer Jason , Behman Ramy , Ladak Salima , McCluskey Stuart A. , Srinivas Coimbatore , Katz Joel , Coburn Natalie , Law Calvin , Wei Alice C. , Greig Paul , Hallet Julie , Clarke Hance 
Published: January 2018

Objective:
Conventional management of pain following open liver resection involves intravenous, patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) or epidural analgesia. The objective of this trial was to assess the efficacy of a regional technique called Medial Open Transversus Abdominis Plane (MOTAP) catheter analgesia compared with IV PCA.

Methods:
This was a blinded, randomized, controlled parallel-arm trial conducted at 2 high-volume centers. Patients undergoing liver resection through a subcostal incision were enrolled. Using a standardized technique, 2 catheters were placed after resection: one in the plane between internal oblique and transversus abdominis and the other in the posterior rectus sheath. Patients were randomized to receive ropivacaine 0.2% (ROP) or saline (NS) through both catheters for 72 hours. All patients received IV PCA with hydromorphone as part of a multimodality analgesia program. Primary outcome was opioid use over the first 48 hours.

Results:
One hundred fifty-three patients were included in the analysis (71 ROP, 82 NS). Patients receiving ROP used significantly less opioid than patients with NS at 48 hours (median 39.6 mg morphine-equivalent vs 49.2 mg, P = 0.033) and at 72 hours (median 50.0 vs 66.4 mg, P = 0.046). Pain scores at rest and with coughing were significantly lower at all time points in patients who received ROP (P = 0.002). Median length of hospital stay was 5 days in patients receiving ROP and 6 days in patients who received NS (P = 0.035). There was no difference between groups in complications [ROP 20 (28.2%) vs NS 26 (31.7%), P = 0.63].

Conclusion:
MOTAP catheter analgesia reduces opioid requirements, pain, and length of hospital stay compared with IV PCA following open liver resection with subcostal incisions.