bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Aspirin's Chemopreventive Activity: Role of Irreversibly Inhibiting Platelet Cyclooxygenase-1
Authors: Lichtenberger Lenard M. , Fang Dexing , Bick Roger J. , Poindexter Brian J. , Phan Tri , Bergeron Angela L. , Pradhan Subhashree , Dial Elizabeth J. , Vijayan K. Vinod 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The mechanism by which aspirin consumption is linked to significant reductions in the incidence of multiple forms of cancer and metastatic spread to distant tissues, resulting in increased cancer patient survival is not well understood. In this study, using colon cancer as an example, we provide both in vitro (cell culture) and in vivo (chemically induced mouse model of colon cancer) evidence that this profound antineoplastic action may be associated with aspirin's ability to irreversibly inhibit COX-1–mediated platelet activation, thereby blocking platelet–cancer cell interactions, which promote cancer cell number and invasive potential. This process may be driven by platelet-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), as assessed using confocal microscopy, based upon changes in cell morphology, growth characteristics and fibronectin expression, and biochemical/molecular analysis by measuring changes in the expression of the EMT markers; vimentin, β-catenin, and SNAIL. We also provide evidence that a novel, gastrointestinal-safe phosphatidylcholine (PC)-associated aspirin, PL2200 Aspirin, possesses the same or more pronounced actions versus unmodified aspirin with regard to antiplatelet effects (in vitro: reducing platelet activation as determined by measuring the release of thromboxane and VEGF in culture medium; in vivo: inhibiting platelet number/activation and extravasation into tumor tissue) and chemoprevention (in vitro: inhibiting colonic cell growth and invasive activity; in vivo: inhibiting colonic dysplasia, inflammation, and tumor mass). These results suggest that aspirin's chemopreventive effects may be due, in part, to the drug blocking the proneoplastic action of platelets, and the potential use of Aspirin-PC/PL2200 as an effective and safer chemopreventive agent for colorectal cancer and possibly other cancers. Cancer Prev Res; 10(2); 142–52. ©2016 AACR.
Pioglitazone for Secondary Stroke Prevention
Authors: Lee Meng , Saver Jeffrey L. , Liao Hung-Wei , Lin Chun-Hsien , Ovbiagele Bruce 
Published: December 2016

Background and Purpose—
Pioglitazone reduced major vascular events after ischemic stroke in a recent randomized controlled trial. The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone therapy in reducing the risk of recurrent stroke in stroke patients.

Methods—

Pubmed, EMBASE, Medline, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 1966 to March 2016 were searched to identify relevant studies. We included randomized controlled trials that included comparison of pioglitazone versus control and trials in which quantitative estimates of the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for recurrent stroke associated with pioglitazone therapy among stroke patients were reported. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used as a measure of the association between use of pioglitazone and risks of recurrent stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic) and major vascular events (nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death) after pooling data across trials. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using the
I
2
statistic.

Results—

Three randomized controlled trials with 4980 participants were identified. Use of pioglitazone in stroke patients with insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes mellitus was associated with lower risk of recurrent stroke (hazard ratio 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.50–0.92;
P
=0.01) and future major vascular events (hazard ratio 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.64–0.87;
P
=0.0001). There was no heterogeneity across trials. There was no evidence of an effect on all-cause mortality and heart failure.

Conclusions—
Pioglitazone reduces recurrent stroke and major vascular events in ischemic stroke patients with insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes mellitus.
Optimal Timing of Anticoagulant Treatment After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Pennlert Johanna , Overholser Rosanna , Asplund Kjell , Carlberg Bo , Van Rompaye Bart , Wiklund Per-Gunnar , Eriksson Marie 
Published: December 2016

Background and Purpose—
This study aims to provide observational data on the relationship between the timing of antithrombotic treatment and the competing risks of severe thrombotic and hemorrhagic events in a cohort of Swedish patients with atrial fibrillation and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods—
Patients with atrial fibrillation and a first-ever ICH were identified in the Swedish Stroke Register, Riksstroke, 2005 to 2012. Riksstroke was linked with other national registers to find information on treatment, comorbidity, and outcome. The optimal timing of treatment in patients with low and high thromboembolic risk was described through cumulative incidence functions separately for thrombotic and hemorrhagic events and for the combined end point vascular death or nonfatal stroke.

Results—
The study included 2619 ICH survivors with atrial fibrillation with 5759 person-years of follow-up. Anticoagulant treatment was associated with a reduced risk of vascular death and nonfatal stroke in high-risk patients with no significantly increased risk of severe hemorrhage. The benefit seemed to be greatest when treatment was started 7 to 8 weeks after ICH. For high-risk women, the total risk of vascular death or stroke recurrence within 3 years was 17.0% when anticoagulant treatment was initiated 8 weeks after ICH and 28.6% without any antithrombotic treatment (95% confidence interval for difference, 1.4%–21.8%). For high-risk men, the corresponding risks were 14.3% versus 23.6% (95% confidence interval for difference, 0.4%–18.2%).

Conclusions—
This nationwide observational study suggests that anticoagulant treatment may be initiated 7 to 8 weeks after ICH in patients with atrial fibrillation to optimize the benefit from treatment and minimize risk.
Description of three new species of Crenitis Bedel from China, with additional faunistic records for the genus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriinae)
Authors: JIA FENGLONG , TANG YUDAN , MINOSHIMA YÛSUKE N. 
Published: December 2016

Three new species of the genus Crenitis Bedel, 1881 are described from China: C. aduncata sp. nov. (Yunnan), C. lianggeqiui sp. nov. (Yunnan and Sichuan) and C. obovata sp. nov. (Guangxi and Guizhou). All three species are assigned to the subgenus Crenitis. New locality records in China are provided for C. apicalis (Reitter, 1896) (from Inner Mongolia) and C. convexa Ji & Komarek, 2003 (from Ningxia, Chongqing). A key to the Chinese species of the subgenus Crenitis is provided.
Why Do Similar Patterns of Tropical Convection Yield Extratropical Circulation Anomalies of Opposite Sign?
Authors: Goss Michael , Feldstein Steven B. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Tropical precipitation anomalies associated with El Niño and Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) phase 1 (La Niña and MJO phase 5) are characterized by a tripole, with positive (negative) centers over the Indian Ocean and central Pacific and a negative (positive) center over the warm pool region. However, their midlatitude circulation responses over the North Pacific and North America tend to be of opposite sign. To investigate these differences in the extratropical response to tropical convection, the dynamical core of a climate model is used, with boreal winter climatology as the initial flow. The model is run using the full heating field for the above four cases, and with heating restricted to each of seven small domains located near or over the equator, to investigate which convective anomalies may be responsible for the different extratropical responses. An analogous observational study is also performed. For both studies, it is found that, despite having a similar tropical convective anomaly spatial pattern, the extratropical response to El Niño and MJO phase 1 (La Niña and MJO phase 5) is quite different. Most notably, responses with opposite-signed upper-tropospheric geopotential height anomalies are found over the eastern North Pacific, northwestern North America, and the southeastern United States. The extratropical response for each convective case most closely resembles that for the domain associated with the largest-amplitude precipitation anomaly: the central equatorial Pacific for El Niño and La Niña and the warm pool region for MJO phases 1 and 5.
Direct Assimilation of Radar Reflectivity without Tangent Linear and Adjoint of the Nonlinear Observation Operator in the GSI-Based EnVar System: Methodology and Experiment with the 8 May 2003 Oklahoma City Tornadic Supercell
Authors: Wang Yongming , Wang Xuguang 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
A GSI-based EnVar data assimilation system is extended to directly assimilate radar reflectivity to initialize convective-scale forecasts. When hydrometeor mixing ratios are used as state variables (method mixing ratio), large differences of the cost function gradients with respect to the small hydrometeor mixing ratios and wind prevent efficient convergence. Using logarithmic mixing ratios as state variables (method logarithm) fixes this problem, but generates spuriously large hydrometeor increments partly due to the transform to and from the logarithmic space. The tangent linear of the reflectivity operators further contributes to spuriously small and large hydrometeor increments in method mixing ratio and method logarithm, respectively. A new method is proposed by directly adding the reflectivity as a state variable (method dBZ). Without the tangent linear and adjoint of the nonlinear operator, the new method therefore avoids the aforementioned problems.
The newly proposed method is examined on the analysis and prediction of the 8 May 2003 Oklahoma City tornadic supercell storm. Both the probabilistic forecast of strong low-level vorticity and maintenance of strong updraft and vorticity in method dBZ are more consistent with reality than in method logarithm and method mixing ratio. Detailed diagnostics suggest that a more realistic cold pool due to the better analyzed hydrometeors in method dBZ than in other methods leads to constructive interaction between the surface gust front and the updraft aloft associated with the midlevel mesocyclone. Similar low-level vorticity forecast and maintenance of the storm are produced by the WSM6 and Thompson microphysics schemes in method dBZ. The Thompson scheme matches the reflectivity distribution with the observations better for all lead times, but shows more southeastward track bias compared to the WSM6 scheme.
Improving NOAA NAQFC PM2.5 Predictions with a Bias Correction Approach
Authors: Huang Jianping , McQueen Jeffery , Wilczak James , Djalalova Irina , Stajner Ivanka , Shafran Perry , Allured Dave , Lee Pius , Pan Li , Tong Daniel , Huang Ho-Chun , DiMego Geoffrey , Upadhayay Sikchya , Delle Monache Luca 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is a critical air pollutant with important impacts on human health. It is essential to provide accurate air quality forecasts to alert people to avoid or reduce exposure to high ambient levels of PM2.5. The NOAA National Air Quality Forecasting Capability (NAQFC) provides numerical forecast guidance of surface PM2.5 for the United States. However, the NAQFC forecast guidance for PM2.5 has exhibited substantial seasonal biases, with overpredictions in winter and underpredictions in summer. To reduce these biases, an analog ensemble bias correction approach is being integrated into the NAQFC to improve experimental PM2.5 predictions over the contiguous United States. Bias correction configurations with varying lengths of training periods (i.e., the time period over which searches for weather or air quality scenario analogs are made) and differing ensemble member size are evaluated for July, August, September, and November 2015. The analog bias correction approach yields substantial improvement in hourly time series and diurnal variation patterns of PM2.5 predictions as well as forecast skill scores. However, two prominent issues appear when the analog ensemble bias correction is applied to the NAQFC for operational forecast guidance. First, day-to-day variability is reduced after using bias correction. Second, the analog bias correction method can be limited in improving PM2.5 predictions for extreme events such as Fourth of July Independence Day firework emissions and wildfire smoke events. The use of additional predictors and longer training periods for analog searches is recommended for future studies.
Vitamin D Receptor Expression in Plasmablastic Lymphoma and Myeloma Cells Confers Susceptibility to Vitamin D
Authors: Gascoyne Duncan M. , Lyne Linden , Spearman Hayley , Buffa Francesca M. , Soilleux Elizabeth J. , Banham Alison H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPlasmablastic B-cell malignancies include plasmablastic lymphoma and subsets of multiple myeloma and diffuse large B-cell lymphomaDLBCL. These diseases can be difficult to diagnose and treat, and they lack well-characterized cell line models. Here, immunophenotyping and FOXP1 expression profiling identified plasmablastic characteristics in DLBCL cell lines HLY-1 and SU-DHL-9, associated with CTNNAL1, HPGD, RORA, IGF1, and/or vitamin D receptor (VDR) transcription. We demonstrated VDR protein expression in primary plasmablastic tumor cells and confirmed in cell lines expression of both VDR and the metabolic enzyme CYP27B1, which catalyzes active vitamin D3 production. Although Vdr and Cyp27b1 transcription in normal B cells were activated by interleukin 4 (IL-4) and CD40 signaling, respectively, unstimulated malignant plasmablastic cells lacking IL-4 expressed both VDR and CYP27B1. Positive autoregulation evidenced intact VDR function in all plasmablastic lines, and inhibition of growth by active vitamin D3 was both dependent on MYC protein inhibition and could be enhanced by cotreatment with a synthetic ROR ligand SR-1078. Furthermore, a VDR polymorphism, FOK1, was associated with greater vitamin D3–dependent growth inhibition. In summary, HLY-1 provides an important model of strongly plasmablastic lymphoma, and disruption of VDR pathway activity may be of therapeutic benefit in both plasmablastic lymphoma and myeloma.
Long-Term Quality of Life in Adult Survivors of Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Nies Marloes , Klein Hesselink Mariëlle S. , Huizinga Gea A. , Sulkers Esther , Brouwers Adrienne H. , Burgerhof Johannes G. M. , van Dam Eveline W. C. M. , Havekes Bas , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Corssmit Eleonora P. M. , Kremer Leontien C. M. , Netea-Maier Romana T. , van der Pal Heleen J. H. , Peeters Robin P. , Plukker John T. M. , Ronckers Cécile M. , van Santen Hanneke M. , Tissing Wim J. E. , Links Thera P. , Bocca Gianni 
Published: December 2016

AbstractContext:Little is known about long-term quality of life (QoL) of survivors of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate generic health-related QoL (HRQoL), fatigue, anxiety, and depression in these survivors compared with matched controls, and to evaluate thyroid cancer–specific HRQoL in survivors only.Design:Survivors diagnosed between 1970 and 2013 at age ≤18 years, were included. Exclusion criteria were a follow-up &lt;5 years, attained age &lt;18 years, or diagnosis of DTC as a second malignant neoplasm (SMN). Controls were matched by age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Survivors and controls were asked to complete 3 questionnaires [Short-Form 36 (HRQoL), Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20 (fatigue), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (anxiety/depression)]. Survivors completed a thyroid cancer–specific HRQoL questionnaire.Results:Sixty-seven survivors and 56 controls. Median age of survivors at evaluation was 34.2 years (range, 18.8 to 61.7). Median follow-up was 17.8 years (range, 5.0 to 44.7). On most QoL subscales, scores of survivors and controls did not differ significantly. However, survivors had more physical problems (P = 0.031), role limitations due to physical problems (P = 0.021), and mental fatigue (P = 0.016) than controls. Some thyroid cancer–specific complaints (e.g., sensory complaints and chilliness) were present in survivors. Unemployment and more extensive disease or treatment characteristics were most frequently associated with worse QoL.Conclusions:Overall, long-term QoL in survivors of pediatric DTC was normal. Survivors experienced mild impairment of QoL in some domains (physical problems, mental fatigue, and various thyroid cancer–specific complaints). Factors possibly affecting QoL need further exploration.
Case Report: Use of reinforced buccal mucosa graft over gracilis muscle flap in management of post high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) rectourethral fistula
Authors: Jai Shrikant , Ganpule Arvind , Singh Abhishek , Vijaykumar Mohankumar , Bopaiah Vinod , Sabnis Ravindra , Desai Mahesh 
Published: December 2016

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has come forward as alternative treatment for carcinoma of the prostate. Though minimally invasive,HIFUhas potential side effects. Urethrorectal fistula is one such rare side effect. To our knowledge this is first case in which rectourethral fistula secondary to HIFU was repaired with buccal mucosa graft (BMG) over a harvest bed of gracilis flap. This case report describes points of technique that will help successful management of resilient rectourethral fistula. Urinary and faecal diversion in the form of suprapubic catheter and colostomy is vital. Adequate time between stoma formation, fistula closure and then finally stoma closure is needed. Lithotomy position and perineal approach gives best exposure to the fistula. The rectum should be dissected 2cm above the fistula; this aids in tension free closure of the rectal defect. Similarly buccal mucosal graft was used on the urethra to achieve tension free closure. A good vascular pedicle gracilis muscle flap is used to interpose between the two repairs. This not only provides a physical barrier but also provides a vascular bed for BMG uptake. Perfect haemostasis is essential, as any collection may become a site of infection thus compromising results. We strongly recommend rectourethral fistula be directly repaired with gracilis muscle flap with reinforced buccal mucosa graft without attempting any less invasive repairs because the “first chance is the best chance”.
Building the infrastructure to make science metrics more scientific
Authors: Lin Jennifer , Murphy Fiona L. , Taylor Mike , Allen Liz 
Published: December 2016

Research leaders, policy makers and science strategists need evidence to support decision-making around research funding investment, policy and strategy. In recent years there has been a rapid expansion in the data sources available that shed light onto aspects of research quality, excellence, use, re-use and attention, and engagement. This is at a time when the modes and routes to share and communicate research findings and data are also changing. In this opinion piece, we outline a series of considerations and interventions that are needed to ensure that research metric development is accompanied by appropriate scrutiny and governance, to properly support the needs of research assessors and decision-makers, while securing the confidence of the research community. Key among these are: agreed ‘gold standards’ around datasets and methodologies; full transparency around the calculation and derivation of research-related indicators; and a strategy and roadmap to take the discipline of scientific indicators and research assessment to a more robust and sustainable place.
Goodwill of Companies: the Need to Build and Problems
Authors: Кузьмина  , Kuzmina YElyena , Соклакова  , Soklakova Irina 
Published: December 2016

In article the importance of business reputation as necessary factor of increase in competitiveness of the
companies is proved, stages of formation of business reputation of the company are considered, the reputation
is considered as one of the most important components of intangible assets of the company, examples of
increase in business reputation of the modern organizations are described, the main advantages which the
positive business reputation of the company gives are distinguished, described external and internal factors
and risks, the exerting considerable impact on reputation of the company.
Determination of Effectiveness of Civil Position Education of Younger Schoolchildren with the Use of Regional Studies
Authors: Макарова  , Makarova L. 
Published: December 2016

The author focuses on the local studies as a mean of civil position education of younger schoolchild, as well as on criteria for the objective
correlation with the achieved result. The article presents criterion-diagnostic tool that can be used to determine the effectiveness of civil position
education of younger schoolchild by practicing teachers, trainers and students of pedagogical specialties of secondary and higher vocational
education.
Sung Silence: Complicity, Dramaturgy, and Song in Heywood’s <i>Rape of Lucrece</i>
Authors: Bretz Andrew 
Published: December 2016

<p>The songs of Valerius in Thomas Heywood’s 1607 <em>The Rape of Lucrece</em> negotiate the line between ironic distance and genuine compassion for the victim of sexual violence. Valerius sings them as a traumatized response to his own complicity in the rise of the Tarquin regime, a trauma that effectively silences his participation in politics. His final song, ‘Did he take faire Lucrece by the toe man?’ acts as a metatheatrical return of the rape, which forces the audience to verbally re-enact the occluded violence, but also allows for Valerius to rediscover his voice and ability to act politically.<em></em></p>
NO HAY REVISTA SIN COMUNIDAD , NI COMUNIDAD SIN DIÁLOGO
Authors: Cantoral Ricardo 
Published: December 2016

En la editorial anterior Relime 17(2), aportamos elementos para apreciar de mejor manera el origen del movimiento latinoamericano de Matemática Educativa y el papel que desempeñaron en su constitución, tanto los aportes teóricos como la conformación de comunidades profesionales en nuestro campo. Para ello, pusimos en dicho escrito un énfasis especial en la noción teórica de demarcación que dio sustento al proceso de disciplinarización en nuestro campo. De este modo, la demarcación o más ampliamente el denominado “problema de la demarcación” alude al tema de definir los límites que configuran al concepto de “Matemática Educativa”.
Linear Reformulation of Polynomial Discrete Programming for Fast Computation
Authors: Li Han-Lin , Huang Yao-Huei , Fang Shu-Cherng 
Published: December 2016

Polynomial discrete programming problems are commonly faced but hard to solve. Treating the nonconvex cross-product terms is the key. State-of-the-art methods usually convert such a problem into a 0-1 mixed-integer linear programming problem and then adopt the branch-and-bound scheme to find an optimal solution. Much effort has been spent on reducing the required numbers of variables and linear constraints as well as on avoiding unbalanced branch-and-bound trees. This study presents a set of equations that linearize the discrete cross-product terms in an extremely effective manner. It is shown that embedding the proposed “equations for linearizing discrete products” into those state-of-the-art methods in the literature not only significantly reduces the required number of linear constraints from O(h3n3) to O(hn) for a cubic polynomial discrete program with n variables in h possible values but also tighten these methods with much more balanced branch-and-bound trees. Numerical experiments confirm a two-order (102-times) reduction in computational time for some randomly generated cubic polynomial discrete programming problems. There is a Video Overview associated with this article, available as supplemental material.