bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BioFire FilmArray Respiratory Panel for Detection of Enterovirus D68
Authors: Shibib Dena R. , Matushek Scott M. , Beavis Kathleen G. , Gawel Susan H. , Charnot-Katsikas Angella 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTDuring the enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) outbreak of 2014, the BioFire FilmArray (FA) respiratory panel was used to detect rhinovirus/enterovirus in respiratory specimens; suspected EV-D68-positive specimens were sent to CDC for confirmation. Positive rhinovirus/enterovirus FA targets revealed patterns loosely associated with EV-D68 that may be useful for confirmation triaging.
Use of an Enrichment Broth Improves Detection of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Clinical Stool Samples
Authors: Jazmati Nathalie , Hein Rebecca , Hamprecht Axel 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the impact of preenrichment on the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing
Enterobacteriaceae
(ESBL-E) in clinical stool samples. ESBL-E were detected in 41 of 343 patients (12.0%). As 31.7% of the ESBL-E carriers were identified by preenrichment, only this additional diagnostic step significantly improved the detection of ESBL-E.
Structure of an HIV-2 gp120 in Complex with CD4
Authors: Davenport Yunji W. , West Anthony P. , Bjorkman Pamela J. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
HIV-2 is a nonpandemic form of the virus causing AIDS, and the majority of HIV-2-infected patients exhibit long-term nonprogression. The HIV-1 and HIV-2 envelope glycoproteins, the sole targets of neutralizing antibodies, share 30 to 40% identity. As a first step in understanding the reduced pathogenicity of HIV-2, we solved a 3.0-Å structure of an HIV-2 gp120 bound to the host receptor CD4, which reveals structural similarity to HIV-1 gp120 despite divergence in amino acid sequence.
Association between perception of fault for the crash and function, return to work and health status 1 year after road traffic injury: a registry-based cohort study
Authors: Gabbe Belinda J , Simpson Pamela M , Cameron Peter A , Ekegren Christina L , Edwards Elton R , Page Richard , Liew Susan , Bucknill Andrew , de Steiger Richard 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesTo establish the association between the patient's perception of fault for the crash and 12-month outcomes after non-fatal road traffic injury.SettingTwo adult major trauma centres, one regional trauma centre and one metropolitan trauma centre in Victoria, Australia.Participants2605 adult, orthopaedic trauma patients covered by the state's no-fault third party insurer for road traffic injury, injured between September 2010 and February 2014.Outcome measuresEQ-5D-3L, return to work and functional recovery (Glasgow Outcome Scale—Extended score of upper good recovery) at 12 months postinjury.ResultsAfter adjusting for key confounders, the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of a functional recovery (0.57, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.69) and return to work (0.92, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.99) were lower for the not at fault compared to the at fault group. The ARR of reporting problems on EQ-5D items was 1.20–1.35 times higher in the not at fault group.ConclusionsPatients who were not at fault, or denied being at fault despite a police report of fault, experienced poorer outcomes than the at fault group. Attributing fault to others was associated with poorer outcomes. Interventions to improve coping, or to resolve negative feelings from the crash, could facilitate better outcomes in the future.
Reducing turnaround time of surgical pathology reports in pathology and laboratory medicine departments
Authors: Alshieban Saeed , Al-Surimi Khaled 
Published: November 2015

AbstractTurnaround time is an important quality indicator in surgical pathology. Retrospective analysis of three data points in September 2014, January 2015, and February 2015 showed that on average, about a quarter (24%) of routine surgical pathology cases (26%, 19%, and 27% respectively) are not reported on time and do not meet the accepted level of the College of American Pathologists' (CAP) standard turnaround time, which states at least 90% of routine surgical pathology cases should be reported and verified within two days. Our daily observation supported by a root cause analysis exercise revealed that subprocesses including slide allocation and delivery to pathologists, slide review by pathologists, report editing by transcriptionists, and report verification by pathologists are where most delays occur. Thus, to tackle these process issues we developed a quality improvement project using the model of improvement methods to streamline the sample flow process and avoid unjustified reporting delay. The improvement ideas included developing a time log sheet to be attached with all pathology requests, and sending a daily reminder email followed by a phonecall to all pathologists to verify completed reports on the same day. These intervention elements were tested using multiple PDSA cycles resulting in a very noticeable improvement, with more than 94% of all routine cases reported in less than two days, meeting and exceeding the CAP standards. Such noticeable improvement in turnaround of surgical pathology reports will eventually lead to improving the quality and safety of patient care outcome, including diagnosing patients on time, developing the appropriate treatment plan, and avoiding unjustified complications resulting in morbidity and mortality due to delayed reports.
Nickel exposure and prevalent albuminuria and β2-microglobulinuria: evidence from a population-based study
Authors: Liu Gang , Sun Qi , Zhu Mingjiang , Sun Liang , Wang Zhenzhen , Li Huaixing , Li Zi , Chen Yan , Yin Huiyong , Lin Xu 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundHigh exposure to nickel could induce renal dysfunction in rodents and occupational workers. However, little is known about the effects of non-occupational exposure to nickel on renal health in the general population. We aimed to examine the associations of urinary nickel concentrations with albuminuria and β2-microglobulinuria in Chinese adults.Methods2115 non-institutionalised Chinese men and women aged 55–76 years from Beijing and Shanghai were included. Urinary nickel concentrations were assessed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Plasma uric acid, urea nitrogen, C reactive protein and urinary albumin, β2–microglobulin and creatinine were measured. Albuminuria was defined as urinary albumin ≥30 mg/g creatinine, and β2-microglobulinuria was defined as urinary β2-microglobulin ≥200 µg/g creatinine.ResultsMedian concentration of urinary nickel was 3.95 μg/g creatinine (IQR: 2.57–6.71 μg/g creatinine), and prevalence of albuminuria, β2–microglobulinuria and both albuminuria and β2-microglobulinuria was 22.1%, 24.5% and 9.7%, respectively. Comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of urinary nickel, the ORs (95% CIs) were 1.99 (1.46 to 2.78) for albuminuria, 1.44 (1.07 to 1.95) for β2–microglobulinuria, and 2.95 (1.74 to 4.97) for both albuminuria and β2-microglobulinuria, after adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviours, body mass index, hypertension and diabetes. The association remained significant when further controlling for inflammatory markers or other heavy metals (all p trend <0.05).ConclusionsThis study suggested that urinary nickel levels were positively associated with albuminuria and β2-microglobulinuria in Chinese men and women, who had relatively low background nickel exposure. More prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Anatomical and histological study of the dorsal and ventral nasal conchal bullae in normal horses
Authors: Froydenlund T. J. , Dixon P. M. , Smith S. H. , Reardon R. J. M. 
Published: November 2015

The morphology of the dorsal conchal bulla (DCB) and ventral conchal bulla (VCB) are poorly described. The recent recognition that these bullae can become infected, causing chronic unilateral nasal discharge, has stimulated interest in these structures. Fourteen cadaveric horse heads were transected sagittally midline and dissected to expose the nasal conchal bullae. The dimensions of each bulla, the number and orientation of drainage apertures, and cellulae septae were recorded. Randomly selected samples were examined histologically. The mean DCB and VCB lengths were 78 and 57 mm, respectively; equivalent to 13.9 per cent and 10.2 per cent of skull length, respectively. The mean DCB and VCB heights were 29 and 28 mm, respectively; equivalent to 5.2 per cent and 5 per cent of skull length, respectively. The DCB was larger than the VCB, containing more septae, cellulae and drainage apertures. No communications were identified between the bullae and the immediately adjacent paranasal sinuses. Histology revealed that the bullae consist of ciliated, pseudostratified, columnar epithelium over glandular submucosa often overlying turbinate bone and, variably, hyaline cartilage. This more detailed description of equine DCB and VCB anatomy will hopefully facilitate successful treatment of their disorders.
Knowledge Management Towards Connecting Minds — A Proposed Concept for Expo 2020
Authors: Radwan Soha Farouk , Milhem Mohammed Naim 
Published: November 2015

The paper presents knowledge residence to be only in the mind and rejects the orthodox definition of the knowledge types which has been used till now by most knowledge management (KM) gurus and authors — in which knowledge exists inside and outside the human body — and presents an alternative model for such. Yet, unlike other papers that reject this classical view, this paper does not doubt the importance of the field nor underestimate the role of its originators. Alternatively, it emphasises the significance of KM and provides practical insights for its effectiveness. The paper concludes by addressing the importance of understanding the essence of knowledge in the public sector through proposing a pragmatic concept that could be easily applied. We have chosen a city that has an existing platform that can support the application of such concept — Dubai — especially with its current expanding endeavours towards “Connecting Minds, Creating the Future”, which is its Expo theme in 2020.
Implementing Torque Control with High-Ratio Gear Boxes and Without Joint-Torque Sensors
Authors: Del Prete Andrea , Mansard Nicolas , Ramos Oscar E. , Stasse Olivier , Nori Francesco 
Published: November 2015

This paper presents a complete framework (estimation, identification and control) for the implementation of joint-torque control on the humanoid robot HRP-2. While torque control has already been implemented on a few humanoid robots, this is one of the first implementations of torque control on a robot that was originally built to be position controlled (iCub [F. Nori, S. Traversaro, J. Eljaik, F. Romano, A. Del Prete and D. Pucci, iCub whole-body control through force regulation on rigid non-coplanar contacts, Frontiers in Robotics and AI 2 (2015).] and Asimo [O. Khatib, P. Thaulad and J. Park, Torque-position transformer for task control of position controlled robots, 2008 IEEE Int. Conf. Robotics and Automation, May 2008, pp. 1729–1734.] being the first two, to the best of our knowledge). The challenge comes from both the hardware, which does not include joint-torque sensors and presents large friction due to the high-ratio gear boxes, and the software interface, which only accepts desired joint-angle commands (no motor current/voltage control). The contribution of the paper is to provide a complete methodology that is very likely to be reproduced as most robots are designed to provide only position control capabilities. Additionally, the method is validated by exhaustive experiments on one leg of the robot, including a comparison with the original position controller. We tested the torque controller in both motion control and cartesian force control. The torque control can track better a reference trajectory while using lower values for the feedback gains (up to 25%). Moreover, we verified the quality of the identified motor models by analyzing the contribution of the feedforward terms of our torque controller, which dominate the feedback terms.
Self-similarity of negative particle production from the Beam Energy Scan Program at STAR
Authors: Tokarev Mikhail 
Published: November 2015

We present the spectra of negative charged particle production in Au [Formula: see text] Au collisions from STAR for the first phase of the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Program measured over a wide range of collision energy [Formula: see text], and transverse momentum of produced particle in different centralities at [Formula: see text]. The spectra demonstrate strong dependence on collision energy which enhances with [Formula: see text]. An indication of self-similarity of negative charged particle production in Au [Formula: see text] Au collisions is found. The constituent energy loss as a function of energy and centrality of collisions and transverse momentum of inclusive particle was estimated in the [Formula: see text]-scaling approach. The energy dependence of the model parameters - the fractal and fragmentation dimensions and “specific heat”, was studied.
The Predictive and Prognostic Value of Early Metabolic Response Assessed by Positron Emission Tomography in Advanced Gastric Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy
Authors: Wang Chenchen , Guo Weijian , Zhou Min , Zhu Xiaodong , Ji Dongmei , Li Wenhua , Liu Xin , Tao Zhonghua , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhang Yingjian , Li Jin 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of early metabolic change assessed by PET in predicting clinical response to chemotherapy and investigate its prognostic value in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Experimental Design: A total of 64 patients with advanced gastric cancer were prospectively enrolled and examined by PET with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 18F-fluoro-3′-deoxy-3′-L-fluorothymidine (FLT) at baseline and 14 days after treatment initiation. PET findings were analyzed for the correlation with best clinical response of patients, disease control status, and survival after identifying the threshold of metabolic change percentage by ROC analysis.
Results: For FDG-PET, the total uptake value reduction percentage (δ-SUV) of 40% was the cut-off point with the maximum of sensitivity (70%) and specificity (83%) to predict clinical responding and that of prediction for disease control status was 30%, with the highest sensitivity (58%) and specificity (100%). The δ-SUV of FLT-PET played no predictive role for clinical response (AUC = 0.62; P = 0.134) and disease control (AUC = 0.66; P = 0.157). The univariate Cox regression analysis revealed no significant prognostic impact. FDG uptake reduction in liver metastases could predict both clinical response (P = 0.010) and disease control status (P = 0.002) at thresholds of 35% and 15%, respectively. Those with greater FDG uptake reduction in liver lesions had a longer overall survival (P = 0.004).
Conclusions: Early metabolic change in FDG-PET might be a predictive marker for response and disease control in advanced gastric cancer. Early FDG uptake change in liver metastases might be a useful prognostic factor and needs further exploration. Clin Cancer Res; 22(7); 1603–10. ©2015 AACR.
Molecular Pathways: Increased Susceptibility to Infection Is a Complication of mTOR Inhibitor Use in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Eiden Adrian M. , Zhang Shuling , Gary Joy M. , Simmons John K. , Mock Beverly A. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
As one of the earliest examples of “chemical biology,” the Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) protein and its chemical inhibitors have been extensively studied across a spectrum of physiologic and pathologic processes at the molecular, organismal, and patient population levels. There are several FDA-approved mTOR inhibitors (sirolimus, everolimus, and temsirolimus) with indications for cancer treatment and for prevention of solid organ rejection. Dozens of mTOR inhibitors are currently being evaluated in hundreds of ongoing clinical trials across a spectrum of diseases, including numerous cancer indications, autoimmune diseases, and a number of congenital disorders. As many of the approved and investigational indications for mTOR inhibitors require long-term treatment, the magnitude and incidence of particular side effects differ from those observed in shorter-term treatments. Here, we focus on the increased risk of infections in patients being treated with mTOR inhibitors. While increased infection rates might be expected from a class of drugs approved as posttransplant immunosuppressants, we review reports from clinical, mechanistic, and genetically engineered mouse model studies detailing a much more nuanced view of mTOR inhibitor drug action and target biology. Clin Cancer Res; 22(2); 277–83. ©2015 AACR.
Differential Regulation of ZEB1 and EMT by MAPK-Interacting Protein Kinases (MNK) and eIF4E in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Kumar Krishan , Chow Christina R. , Ebine Kazumi , Arslan Ahmet D. , Kwok Benjamin , Bentrem David J. , Eckerdt Frank D. , Platanias Leonidas C. , Munshi Hidayatullah G. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors are associated with dysregulation of mRNA translation. In this report, it is demonstrated that PDAC cells grown in collagen exhibit increased activation of the MAPK-interacting protein kinases (MNK) that mediate eIF4E phosphorylation. Pharmacologic and genetic targeting of MNKs reverse epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), decrease cell migration, and reduce protein expression of the EMT-regulator ZEB1 without affecting ZEB1 mRNA levels. Paradoxically, targeting eIF4E, the best-characterized effector of MNKs, increases ZEB1 mRNA expression through repression of ZEB1-targeting miRNAs, miR-200c and miR-141. In contrast, targeting the MNK effector hnRNPA1, which can function as a translational repressor, increases ZEB1 protein without increasing ZEB1 mRNA levels. Importantly, treatment with MNK inhibitors blocks growth of chemoresistant PDAC cells in collagen and decreases the number of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity–positive (Aldefluor+) cells. Significantly, MNK inhibitors increase E-cadherin mRNA levels and decrease vimentin mRNA levels in human PDAC organoids without affecting ZEB1 mRNA levels. Importantly, MNK inhibitors also decrease growth of human PDAC organoids.
Implications: These results demonstrate differential regulation of ZEB1 and EMT by MNKs and eIF4E, and identify MNKs as potential targets in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Res; 14(2); 216–27. ©2015 AACR.
Role of exosite binding modulators in the inhibition of Fxa by TFPI
Authors: Heinzmann Alexandra , Hackeng Tilman M. , Hartmann Rudolf , Scheiflinger Friedrich , Dockal Michael , Rosing Jan , Peraramelli Sameera , Thomassen Stella 
Published: November 2015

SummaryTissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) down-regulates the extrinsic coagulation pathway by inhibiting FXa and FVIIa. Both TFPI and FXa interact with several plasma proteins (e. g. prothrombin, FV/FVa, protein S) and non-proteinaceous compounds (e. g. phospholipids, heparin). It was our aim to investigate effects of ligands that bind to FXa and TFPI on FXa inhibition by full-length TFPI (designated TFPI) and truncated TFPI (TFPI1-150). Inhibition of FXa by TFPI and TFPI1-150 and effects of phospholipids, heparin, prothrombin, FV, FVa, and protein S thereon was quantified from progress curves of conversion of the FXa-specific chromogenic substrate CS11-(65). Low concentrations negatively charged phospholipids (~10 μM) already maximally stimulated (up to 5- to 6-fold) FXa inhibition by TFPI. Unfractionated heparin at concentrations (0.2–1 U/ml) enhanced FXa inhibition by TFPI ~8-fold, but impaired inhibition at concentrations > 1 U/ml. Physiological protein S and FV concentrations both enhanced FXa inhibition by TFPI 2- to 3-fold. In contrast, thrombin-activated FV (FVa) impaired the ability of TFPI to inhibit FXa. FXa inhibition by TFPI1–150 was not affected by FV, FVa, protein S, phospholipids and heparin. TFPI potently inhibited FXa-catalysed prothrombin activation in the absence of FVa, but hardly inhibited prothrombin activation in the presence of thrombin-activated FVa. In conclusion, physiological concentrations TFPI (0.25–0.5 nM TFPI) inhibit FXa with a t1/2 between 3–15 minutes. Direct FXa inhibition by TFPI is modulated by physiological concentrations prothrombin, FV, FVa, protein S, phospholipids and heparin indicating the importance of these modulators for the in vivo anticoagulant activity of TFPI.
Taxonomic studies on vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea: Vespidae) of Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Kumar P. Girish , Sharma Gaurav 
Published: November 2015

<p>Fourteen genera and 33 species of wasps belonging to the family Vespidae are reported from the Indian state of Chhattisgarh, of which seven genera and 23 species are new records for Chhattisgarh.</p><div> </div>
Status and diversity of snakes (Reptilia: Squamata: Serpentes) at the Chittagong University Campus in Chittagong, Bangladesh
Authors: Ahsan M. F. , Haidar I. K.A. , Rahman M. M. 
Published: November 2015

<p>A study was conducted on the status and diversity of snakes of the Chittagong University Campus (CUC) between September 2013 and December 2014, and on preserved snake specimens of museums of CUC (Department of Zoology, University of Chittagong; Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong; and Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong). Thirty-six species of snakes belonging to 22 genera and five families (Typhlopidae, Pythonidae, Colubridae, Elapidae and Viperidae) were recorded from CUC during the study period. Colubridae comprised the highest (24 species i.e., 66.67%) number of species and Pythonidae the lowest (1 species). Checkered Keelback <em>Xenochrophis piscator</em> was the most common snake and the rarest was the Bengalese Kukri Snake <em>Oligodon dorsalis</em> belonging to the family Colubridae. Among venomous snakes Banded Krait <em>Bungarus fasciatus</em> was the most common snake and Black Krait <em>Bungarus niger</em> was the most rare. Their status in CUC has been assessed.</p><div> </div>
New records of Chondrilla australiensis and Chondrilla grandistellata (Demospongiae: Chondrosida: Chondrillidae) from Havelock Island, South Andaman, India
Authors: Immanuel Titus , Krishnan P. , Raghuraman R. , Veerappan Narayansamy , Dam-Roy Sibnarayan 
Published: November 2015

<p>The genus <em>Chondrilla</em> is reported from the Andaman group of Islands off Havelock Island for the first time, with two species, <em>C. grandistellata</em> and <em>C. australiensis</em> in this study. This genus has previously been reported and represented by four species in Indian waters viz., <em>Chondrilla mixta, C. sacciformis, C. kilakaria </em>and<em> C. australiensis.</em> <em>C. australiensis</em> is light brown to reddish-brown in colour; encrusts primarily on live boulder corals; contains oxyasters measuring 14.8-(18.5)-22.2 µm and spherasters measuring 17.3-(26)-29.7 µm. <em>C. grandistellata</em> is tan or brown in colour with unevenly distributed white speckles; Contains large spherasters that measure 106.3-(143.3)-175.6 µm. In this study it is suggested that <em>C. sacciformis</em> specimens reported previously from India may be <em>C. grandistellata</em>; this probable conspecificity is also discussed. </p><div> </div>