bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The promise of teacher-led physical activity strategies informed by pupil data
Authors: Wort Georgina K , Wiltshire Gareth , Sebire Simon , Peacock Oliver , Thompson Dylan 
Published: October 2024

Background: Physical activity is important for children’s physical, mental and cognitive wellbeing, but many children are insufficiently active. Schools offer a promising setting in which to enable positive health behaviours and teachers can play an influential role in facilitating pupils’ physical activity. The aim of this study was to use pupils’ physical activity data from wearables to inform teacher-led strategies to improve pupils’ physical activity outcomes. Methods: Participants included 11 teachers/classes, and 228 pupils aged 8–11 years from eight primary-schools in England. Baseline pupil physical activity was measured for 2 weeks using a commercially available accelerometer, before data visualisations were used to inform teacher-led strategies with the aim of improving pupils’ physical activity. These strategies were then implemented, with physical activity being measured post-data-sharing discussions. Mixed-methods analysis explored the feasibility of using data visualisations to inform teachers’ understanding of their pupils’ physical activity and the development and implementation of teacher-led, school-specific strategies to increase pupils’ physical activity. Results: Teachers understood and reflected on the data visualisations and used their knowledge of the school context to develop and implement bespoke school-specific strategies across the school day which successfully increased physical activity. Strategies included altering the physical or social environment, providing more opportunities and addressing physical activity inequalities. Teachers were encouraged when data showed increases in pupils’ physical activity and many expressed the desire to continue addressing physical activity, with a particular focus on the least active pupils. Conclusion: These findings suggest that data-driven insights could be used effectively to inform school-based, teacher-led strategies to increase physical activity.
Self -Confidence in Young Athletes: A Protective Factor Against Perfectionism and Anxiety in Competitive Grassroots Sport
Authors: González-Hernández Juan , Barrera-Vázquez Daniel , Gómez-López Manuel 
Published: October 2024

Perfectionism includes various dimensions focused on different planes of psychological functioning, with both positive and negative elements that influence adaptation to the pursuit of achievement and personal satisfaction with efforts and their attainment. We examined participants’ levels of perfectionism and the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety in young athletes, and we described the mediating factor of self-confidence as a determinant of sport performance. We utilized a non-experimental, descriptive, and transversal research design. A total of 263 Spanish young athletes ( M age = 15.79 years; SD = 1.07) who belonged to different sports clubs and engaged in different sports completed the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and the Competitive Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2R). Our results confirmed our belief that self-confidence was a protective factor for diminishing the negative relationships between perfectionism, anxiety, and sport performance. Regarding the predictive power of these variables, the construction of exaggerated achievement expectations (or personal standards) by combining functional and dysfunctional resources was reflected in cognitive anxiety (dysfunctional) and was mediated by self-confidence (functional). Application of these elements into training via well planned communication may allow coaches to enhance young athletes’ resources for mental and behavioral adjustment toward their sporting goal. In addition, this training approach may underscore athletes’ self-perceived competence and enhance their self-confidence.
Impact of physical activity on life satisfaction among middle-aged and older adults in China: A longitudinal national study
Authors: Kang Yiting 
Published: October 2024

Objective This study examined the impact of physical activity on life satisfaction in middle-aged and older adults in China. Utilizing longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted in 2015 and 2018, a total of 6484 participants aged 45 or older were included in the analysis. Methods Data were collected on sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle variables, physical activity, and life satisfaction. Physical activity was categorized into 3 levels: low (71%), moderate (25%), and high (4%). Ordinal logistic regression and subgroup analysis were used to examine the effect of baseline physical activity on life satisfaction, including the examination of interaction effects. Results After adjusting for age, gender, education, marriage, residence, smoking, alcohol use, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health at baseline (2015), compared to the moderate-intensity physical exercise group, those in the low-intensity group experienced significantly lower levels of life satisfaction on follow-up (2018). In the subgroup analyses, a significant negative effect of low-intensity physical activity on life satisfaction was found in all groups regardless of age, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol use, sleep duration, weight, presence of chronic diseases, or self-rated health. Conclusion These results support the promotion of physical exercise to enhance life satisfaction among middle-aged and older adults in China.
How Does China’s Carbon Emissions Trading Policy Affect the Financing of High-Carbon Enterprises?
Authors: Zhang Yue-Jun , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2024

Evaluating the impact of carbon emissions trading (CET) policy on the operations and development of high-carbon enterprises is of great practical importance in a context where policy-makers aim to balance steady growth and reduce carbon emissions. Based on the panel data of A-share listed enterprises, this paper comprehensively employs the difference-in-differences (DID) and the difference-in-differences based propensity score matching (PSM-DID) methods to investigate the impact of China’s CET policy on the financing constraints and financing ability of high-carbon enterprises. The results indicate that: first, the level of financing constraints of high-carbon enterprises in China has significantly increased with the implementation of the CET policy from 2012 to 2019. Second, the impact shows significant heterogeneity in various industries, carbon markets, and the characteristics of enterprises. Third, the CET policy reduces the long-term debt financing ability of high-carbon enterprises by 22.26 percent during the sample period, but it has no significant impact on short-term debt financing ability. JEL Classification: C33, D92, G32, Q43, Q58
Interstitial lung disease associated with anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase syndrome: quantitative evaluation of CT after initial treatment and long-term follow-up
Authors: Aoki Ryo , Iwasawa Tae , Utsunomiya Daisuke , Yamakawa Hideaki , Kitamura Hideya , Baba Tomohisa , Ogura Takashi 
Published: October 2024

Background Visual evaluation of interstitial lung disease (ILD)-related changes can generate intra- and inter-observer errors. However, recent deep learning (DL) algorithm advances have facilitated accurate lung segmentation, lesion characterization, and quantification. Purpose To evaluate the treatment response and long-term course in ILD associated with anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase syndrome (anti-ARS ILD) using a DL algorithm. Material and Methods Patients with anti-ARS ILD who underwent both pre- and post-initial-treatment computed tomography (CT) (n = 68) were divided into two groups (responders and non-responders) according to forced vital capacity improvement after initial treatment. We also analyzed the CT images of patients for whom long-term follow-up CT (>5 years) was performed after post-treatment CT (n = 43). DL analysis was used to classify CT imaging features into five patterns: normal; ground-glass opacity (GGO); consolidation; fibrotic lesions; and emphysema. Results The initial responder group had a larger volume of consolidation. Consolidation and GGO volumes decreased after initial treatment in both groups. However, whole-lung and normal-area volumes increased in the responder group; conversely, there was no significant increase in the non-responder group. At the long-term follow-up, fibrotic lesions significantly increased in both groups. The emphysema pattern increased significantly in both groups after initial treatment and long-term follow-up. Six of 26 (23.1%) responders and 8 of 17 (47.1%) non-responders were judged as having progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusion DL-based analysis facilitated the chronological evaluation of anti-ARS ILD. During the long-term follow-up, anti-ARS ILD was associated with chronological progression, regardless of initial treatment efficacy.
Improving patient outcomes in acute and subacute stroke using a wearable device-assisted rehabilitation system: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ho Hsin-Ju , Wu Li-Ching , Wu Eric Hsiao-Kung , Lee Shu-Fang , Lee Te-Hsiu , Chiang Sheng-Hua , Chen Chun-Hsiung , Chen Hui-Yu , Pan Shiuan-Jia , Chen Yu-Wei ,   on behalf of the WEAR-Stroke Study Group
Published: October 2024

Objective Multidisciplinary rehabilitation facilitates post-stroke functional recovery, but is associated with resource and accessibility barriers. This study evaluated the combination of a wearable device-assisted system (WEAR) and conventional therapy for post-stroke rehabilitation. Methods This randomized, controlled, parallel group, clinical trial was conducted at two rehabilitation centers. A WEAR system was developed featuring sensors and application program-embedded smartphones. Stroke patients within 12 weeks of onset and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of 2 to 4 were randomized into a wearable group (WG, WEAR + conventional rehabilitation) or control group (CG, conventional rehabilitation) for 90 days. The primary outcome was mRS score changes within 90 days. Results Among 127 stroke patients enrolled (76 men [59.8%]; mean age: 57.5 years), 63 and 64 patients were randomized to WG and CG, respectively. Both groups showed significant improvements in mRS scores. Between-group repeated measures analysis adjusted for sex, age and number of rehabilitation sessions showed greater improvement in mRS scores within 90 days in the WG than in the CG (estimate: 0.73). Conclusions This combined WEAR and conventional rehabilitation approach may improve post-stroke functional recovery compared with conventional rehabilitation alone. The WEAR system permits remote monitoring and recording of rehabilitation in various settings. This clinical trial was retrospectively registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov with the Unique Identifier NCT04997408.
Effect of coastal and island geographic environments on patients with acute ischemic stroke in southeastern China
Authors: Lu Xudong , Lin Xiaoci , Shen Yilei , Hu Mengmeng , Zhu Daijun , Xu Dongjuan 
Published: October 2024

Objective To analyze the geographic variation in characteristics and treatment processes of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in coastal, island, and inland regions. Methods We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of data from patients with AIS in southeastern China. We collected demographic and clinical information, including the time from stroke onset to treatment for those receiving reperfusion therapy, using a time-tracking table. Results Among 8069 patients with AIS, 26.6% received reperfusion therapy, with a higher proportion undergoing endovascular therapy in maritime hospitals than in inland hospitals (14.2% vs. 6.7%). Maritime hospitals had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (15.1% vs. 11.9%) and cardioembolism (17.2% vs. 13.6%) than inland hospitals. Patients in maritime hospitals had shorter in-hospital processing times than those in inland hospitals (39 vs. 46 minutes). Island hospitals showed different patterns, with a shorter time from stroke onset to emergency room arrival (80 vs. 120 minutes) but a longer in-hospital process time (51 vs. 36 minutes), than coastline hospitals. Conclusions Our study suggests geographic variation in AIS characteristics and treatment processes across southeastern China, emphasizing the need for region-specific strategies. These findings are essential for tailoring public health policies and guidelines to improve stroke outcomes in various regions.
The Goat-Fish of El-Hosh: An Unusual Petroglyph Identified
Authors: Evans Linda , Hardtke Fred , Claes Wouter 
Published: October 2024

To our knowledge, representations of zodiac symbols are unattested in Egyptian rock art. The investigation of a petroglyph at the site of el-Hosh in Upper Egypt has found that it bears a strong resemblance to the zodiac sign of Capricornus, a composite figure combining the head and forequarters of a goat with the body of a fish. The sign first arose in Mesopotamia in the late third millennium BCE, from which it subsequently spread to the Mediterranean region. Following a review of the symbol’s development in Egypt, in which its occurrence on ceilings, coffins, and coins was examined, we are confident that the petroglyph depicts Capricornus and that it was most likely produced during the Graeco-Roman Period. Furthermore, as the figure is related stylistically to a nearby petroglyph of a chameleon, an equally unique subject for Egyptian rock art, the latter can now be dated more firmly to the same era. [Formula: see text]
The emergence of team compassion: Theoretical implications and practical interventions
Authors: Bui Linh , Park Guihyun , Wang Lu 
Published: October 2024

With the recent experiences involving COVID-19, there is a growing need for organisations to better understand compassion in addressing employees’ suffering and boosting their well-being. Particularly, as teamwork is becoming ubiquitous, organisational scholars have identified positive benefits of compassion at the team level such as improving communication, decreasing interpersonal conflicts and boosting team effectiveness. Using a multilevel theoretical framework in reviewing compassion research, this article advances our understanding of team-level compassion by elucidating the processes through which individual-level compassion gives rise to team-level compassion. First, we delineate composition and compilation models of the emergence of team compassion and review empirical studies with respect to the two models. Second, we explain three social mechanisms in teams – social learning, emotional contagion and reciprocity – that shape the emergence of team compassion. Finally, we discuss interventions that can facilitate the emergence of team compassion and offer practical guidance for managers seeking to foster team compassion. JEL Classification: D23, I31
China’s Changing COVID-19 Policies: Market and Public Health
Authors: Xu Zhun 
Published: October 2024

After the outbreak of COVID-19 in early 2020, China took fast and decisive measures and successfully contained the spread of the virus. While the rest of the world saw huge human and social costs in the pandemic, the Chinese mainland for about two years was largely free from COVID. The zero-COVID model, however, met great challenges since early 2022. Despite some efforts to save the zero-COVID model, in November 2022 the Chinese government loosened its signature COVID controls during the pandemic and switched to the opposite. This article reviews the evolution of Chinese COVID policies and places the dramatic turns in the context of the changing Chinese political economy. The analysis provides a critique of some commonly held beliefs that attribute China’s policy changes to general social pressure, economic challenges, or individual power struggles. The findings show that the changing material circumstances of the Chinese elites including increasing virus transmissibility, bureaucratic fatigue, and changing global conditions drove the transition from zero-COVID to a rapid relaxation. JEL Classification: P2, I1
Discovering the most impactful treatments for aluminum phosphide cardiotoxicity gleaned from systematic review of animal studies
Authors: Aghebat-Bekheir Saeed , Abdollahi Mohammad 
Published: October 2024

Introduction Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is a chemical compound that can cause death in some countries. AlP inhibits the functioning of cytochrome C oxidase in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes, leading to toxicity. Oxidative stress and ROS production, as well as inflammatory signaling, mediate the mechanisms of AlP-related toxicity in the poisoned patient. Unfortunately, there are no approved medicines available to treat AlP poisoning yet. To address this issue, researchers have explored various interventions to reduce the toxicity associated with AlP tablets. Methods We systematically searched relevant databases for English articles published between 2013 and 2024. Results The evaluated treatments included correcting oxidative stress parameters, enhancing exogenous antioxidant capacity, modifying electrocardiographic abnormalities, and improving heart contraction strength. Our evaluation indicated that compounds like Triiodothyronine, Vasopressin and milrinone, Iron sucrose, Acetyl-l-carnitine, Melatonin, Fresh red blood cell transfusion, Minocycline, Moringa oleifera extract, Dihydroxyacetone, Selegiline, Nanocurcumin, Levosimendan, Exenatide, Taurine, Cannabidiol and Edaravone are effective in lessening AlP-induced cardiotoxicity. Conclusion Based on the present study’s findings and the evaluation of clinical studies, dihydroxyacetone, fresh red blood cell infusion, Oil-based disinfection, and gastric lavage have the most potential to save patients’ lives and treat acute aluminum phosphide. However, there is a need for more research in this regard.
Attitudes towards being offered a choice of self-sampling or clinician sampling for cervical screening: A cross-sectional survey of women taking part in a clinical validation of HPV self-collection devices
Authors: Marlow Laura , Drysdale Hannah , Waller Jo 
Published: October 2024

Objectives Primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in cervical screening offers the opportunity for women to be given a choice between HPV self-sampling and traditional clinician screening. This study assessed attitudes towards a choice and anticipated future preference among women who had collected a vaginal self-sample alongside their usual cervical screen. Setting Thirty-eight general practices across five areas in England. Methods Overall, 2323 women (24–65 years; response rate: 48%) completed a survey after collecting a self-sample and having a clinician screen at their GP practice. We asked which test they preferred and assessed attitudes to being offered a choice. We explored age, education, ethnicity and screening experience as predictors of attitudes towards a choice and anticipated future choice. Results Most participants felt they would like a choice between self-sampling and clinician screening (85%) and thought this would improve screening for them (72%). However, 23% felt it would be difficult to choose, 15% would worry about making a choice, and nearly half would prefer a recommendation (48%). Compared with women with degree-level education, those with fewer qualifications were more likely to say they would worry about having a choice or would not want a choice (p < 0.001). The majority said they would choose to self-sample at home if offered a choice in the future (69%; n = 1602/2320). Conclusions Self-sampling is likely to be popular, but offering a choice could cause worry for some people and many would prefer a recommendation. Supporting people to make a choice will be important, particularly for those with lower levels of education.
Estimating Impact of National Health Mission on Maternal and Child Health care: A Multilevel Attributional Mixed Analysis
Authors: Uddin Naseer , Qadri Majid Hussain 
Published: October 2024

Mother–child is an integral part of overall global development planning, as evident from substantive investments, lasting socio-economic priority and the thorough implementation of various public policy programmes like the National Health Mission (NHM). There is a need to impregnate evidence about the acceptability, cost-effectiveness and scalability of transformative public health programmes like NHM through management sciences and by impact evaluation and implementation studies. The study examines the implementation dynamics of the NHM programme in the context of maternal and child service architecture and measures the average impact of NHM on maternal and child health outcomes. This study uses a multilevel, mixed, cross-sectional field design of impact measurement, using a multiphase approach to devise impact models from interrupted time series longitudinal panel data, and uses counterfactual impact model development using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). The findings of the study show that there has been a significant decline in mortality indicators of maternal and child health, with NHM having the maximum positive impact on institutional deliveries and deliveries by skilled birth attendants. The study shows that NHM has proved to be a successful population-level health interventional programme and has emerged as a crucial structural-equity modelling reform programme. The policy implication is that a broad-based approach with the inclusion of socio-structural determinants is needed for improving the health of the mother–child ecosystem, with access to basic comprehensive maternal emergency care.
Efficacy of Turmeric-Boswellia Formulation for Acute Low Back Pain: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Kare Sanjeev Kumar , Gupta Ajay , Rudrappa Girish H. 
Published: October 2024

Objectives To evaluate the efficiency of the turmeric-Boswellia formulation (TBF, Rhuleave-K) in reducing acute low back pain (LBP) among healthy subjects. Materials and Methods This research aimed to assess the effectiveness of TBF compared to a placebo through a single dose of 1,000 mg, administered in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial with 76 participants experiencing acute low back pain. Efficacy was evaluated using objective outcome measures, namely the numerical rating scale (NRS), categorical pain relief scale (PRS), the onset of analgesia, and the short-form McGill questionnaire. NRS and PRS measurements were taken 30 minutes post-dose at rest, during movement, and under pressure application at the afflicted area. The onset of analgesia was assessed 6 hours post-dose. Quantitative analysis of the Sum of Pain intensity Difference (SPID) and Total Pain Relief (TOTPAR) values was conducted based on the NRS and PRS scores, respectively. Results Pain relief began quickly and all participants in the TBF group reported a significantly noticeable reduction in pain at about 76.4 minutes, compared to the 190 minutes in the placebo group. Similarly, 92.7% of participants in the TBF group experienced mean meaningful pain relief (MPR) as early as 224.1 minutes, compared to the zero MPR responders in the placebo group. There was a statistically significant difference in the time to pain relief between the TBF and placebo groups, with significant improvement in the TBF group (log-rank hazard ratio, p < 0.001). None of the individuals in the placebo group demonstrated a minimum of 50% maximum TOTPAR in rest, movement, and pressure. Whereas, 75.71% of the TBF group experienced at least 50% maximum TOTPAR in rest, 88.09% in movement, and 90.48% in pressure. The effectiveness of the treatment, as measured by the number needed to treat (NNT) for achieving at least 50% of MPR in the TBF group, was 1.2 at rest and 1.1 during both movement and pressure. Conclusion Oral administration of TBF (Rhuleave-K) to individuals with acute low back pain significantly reduces pain, providing meaningful relief within 4 hours of administration. This highlights the substantial analgesic effectiveness of TBF in the context of acute LBP.