bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Schur Function Expansion in Non-Hermitian Ensembles and Averages of Characteristic Polynomials
Authors: Serebryakov Alexander , Simm Nick 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe study k-point correlators of characteristic polynomials in non-Hermitian ensembles of random matrices, focusing on the Ginibre and truncated unitary random matrices. Our approach is based on the technique of character expansions, which expresses the correlator as a sum over partitions involving Schur functions. We show how to sum the expansions in terms of representations which interchange the role of k with the matrix size N. We also provide a probabilistic interpretation of the character expansion analogous to the Schur measure, linking the correlators to the distribution of the top row in certain Young diagrams. In more specific examples, we evaluate these expressions in terms of $$k \times k$$

k
×
k

determinants or Pfaffians.
Understanding the adhesion performance of glued laminated timber manufactured with Australian softwood and high-density hardwood species
Authors: Faircloth A. , Gilbert B. P. , Kumar C. , Leggate W. , McGavin R. L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo be commercialised, glued laminated timber must typically conform to a strict bond integrity assessment. While the associated testing protocols vary slightly from standard to standard, the general method consists of a series of swelling (water immersion) and shrinkage (drying) cycles. The approach is independent of the species and adhesive type. Those cycles strain the gluelines to a level depending on the species’ moisture uptake, timber dimensional movement and modulus of elasticity, as well as adhesive layer elasticity. High density and high modulus of elasticity materials frequently fail within the glueline regions rather than within the timber and therefore fail the bond integrity assessment. To better understand the mechanisms that lead to glueline failure, glulam samples were manufactured using three prominent Australian commercial timbers of various densities (Radiata pine—Pinus radiata, Southern pine—Pinus caribaea/Pinus elliottii, and Spotted gum—Corymbia citriodora) and two structural adhesive types (resorcinol formaldehyde and polyurethane). Using advanced measurement techniques (digital image correlation and strain gauges), the response of the different species and adhesive types to moisture swelling and shrinkage, as well as times at which glueline separation occurs, were captured. A relationship was observed between moisture uptake and delamination percentages with spotted gum producing significantly higher levels of delamination and significantly lower moisture uptake values, compared to both Radiata pine and Southern pine. While the polyurethane glued samples on average produced higher levels of delamination, the digital image correlation data indicates that the time at which this delamination occurs is later than the samples glued with resorcinol formaldehyde.
Prävention bei geriatrischen Patientinnen und Patienten in der Allgemeinmedizin
Authors: Glehr Reingard 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Funktionsdefizite frühzeitig zu erkennen und diesen durch ein multimodales Behandlungskonzept gegenzusteuern, gehört zu den wichtigsten Aufgaben von Allgemeinmedizinerinnen und Allgemeinmedizinern, die meist primäre medizinische Ansprechpartner geriatrischer Patientinnen und Patienten sind.

Ziel der Arbeit
Erläuterung von Strategien zur biopsychosozialen Begutachtung geriatrischer Patientinnen und Patienten sowie zur Erstellung individuell angepasster Präventionskonzepte in der allgemeinmedizinischen Praxis.

Material und Methoden
Literaturrecherche zum theoretischen Hintergrund der wichtigsten Präventionsansätze bei geriatrischen Patientinnen und Patienten sowie Überlegungen zu Bedeutung und Umsetzung in der täglichen Praxis.

Ergebnisse
Bei geriatrischen Patientinnen und Patienten sollten Präventionsmaßnahmen auf allen 4 Präventionsebenen simultan gesetzt werden. Die Förderung von körperlicher und geistiger Bewegung gilt als Schlüsselfaktor. Die Risiken Immobilität, Depression, kognitiver Abbau, Mangelernährung und nicht zuletzt Multimedikation haben besonderen Stellenwert.

Diskussion
Geriatrische Patientinnen und Patienten stellen eine sehr heterogene Gruppe dar. Um individuell präventiv handeln zu können, braucht es eine multidimensionale Erhebung von Schlüsselfaktoren zum Erhalt von Funktionalität und relativer Gesundheit, trotz evtl. bereits bestehender Erkrankungen.
The infraacetabular screw – anatomy, radiology, biomechanics and clinics
Authors: Gänsslen Axel , Lindahl Jan , Lindtner Richard A. , Krappinger Dietmar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAcetabular fracture surgery follows the primary aim of anatomic reduction and rigid stable fixation of the fracture. Infraacetabular screws (IAS) allow for an increased stability of the acetabular fixation by closing the periacetabular fixation frame without requiring an additional posterior approach. The osseous screw corridor for infraacetabular screws use the transition zone between the acetabular ring and the obturator ring. The infraacetabular screw corridor (IAC) shows a double-cone shape with an isthmus located near the acetabular fovea. The iliopectineal eminence (IE) is mainly used as a clinical landmark for the intraoperative assessment of the entry point of IAS. The inlet view, the combined obturator oblique outlet view and a 1/3 iliac oblique outlet view may be used for the intraoperative radiological assessment for both the entry point and the screw trajectory of IAS. Several biomechanical studies have shown that IAS increase the stiffness of the internal fixation. Scientific proof for an improved clinical outcome is still missing.
Effectiveness of bisphosphonate for alleviating tinnitus associated with otosclerosis: a prospective case–control study
Authors: Fouad Ayman , Mandour Mahmoud , Tomoum Mohamed Osama , Lasheen Reham Mamdouh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the short-term efficacy of third-generation bisphosphonate in the management of tinnitus associated with otosclerosis.

Methods
A prospective case–control study included 100 patients with otosclerosis-associated bothersome tinnitus. Patients were assigned to two groups: group A (control): 25 patients who planned to receive only complementary supplements, oral vitamin D plus calcium, and group B (case): 75 patients who planned to receive oral bisphosphonate plus routine vitamin D and calcium supplements. Group B was subdivided into B1: 25 patients without any previous intervention, B2: 25 patients with persistent tinnitus for more than 6 months after a previous uncomplicated stapedotomy in the same ear, and B3: 25 patients with persistent tinnitus for more than 6 months after hearing aid fitting. The outcome was tinnitus assessment both subjectively (tinnitus intensity, frequency, and questionnaire) and objectively (tinnitus intensity and frequency).

Results
The female-to-male ratio was 1.6:1 with ages ranging from 40 to 61 years. The baseline revealed no statistically significant differences between the groups. After 6 months, there were statistically significant differences, both objectively and subjectively. The tinnitus questionnaire median (IQR) for group B was 16 (30), whereas control group A had 52 (24). The tinnitus severity median (IQR) for group B was 20 (30), compared to group A’s 52 (42). After 6 months, 40% of the cases in group B demonstrated complete improvement, compared to 0% in control group A.

Conclusion
We demonstrated significant tinnitus improvement in cases treated with bisphosphonate compared to the control group.
Validity of transcutaneous bilirubin measurements during and after phototherapy in term and late preterm infants
Authors: Thamwiriyakul Nirucha , Siripattanapipong Pitiporn , Bowornkitiwong Walaiporn , Chaweerat Renoo , Ngerncham Sopapan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to investigate correlation and concordance between total serum bilirubin (TSB) and transcutaneous bilirubin measured at covered (TcBC) and uncovered (TcBU) skin during and after discontinuation of phototherapy. A cross-sectional study included ≥ 34 weeks gestation infants requiring phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. In-house, photo-opaque patches were placed on infants’ sternums before phototherapy initiation. Simultaneous blood sampling for TSB, TcBC, and TcBU measurements were performed. Among 103 infants included in the final analysis, 70% were full-term. Covering skin during phototherapy resulted in strong TcBC-TSB correlation (r = 0.91, 95% CI 0.87–0.94, P < 0.001) compared to TcBU (r = 0.53, 95% CI 0.37–0.65, P < 0.001), persisting post-phototherapy (r = 0.88, 95% CI 0.82–0.91, P < 0.001). Bland–Altman analysis showed a higher mean difference and wider 95% limits of agreement for TcBU-TSB during phototherapy (-6.3 mg/dL and -11.1 to -1.6) vs TcBC-TSB (0.9 mg/dL and -1.2 to 2.9). Passing-Bablok regression analysis confirmed good agreement between TcBC and TSB.Conclusions: The application of in-house, photo-opaque patches enhanced the correlation and agreement between TcBC and TSB during and after discontinuation of phototherapy. This may prove particularly useful in resource-limited settings where commercial devices are unavailable.

What is Known:

• Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement has been widely used as a screening method for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.• The accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubin measurements during and after phototherapy in infants with hyperbilirubinemia has been debated.

What is New:

• Our study demonstrated that utilizing carefully designed photo-opaque patches enhanced the accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubin measurement during and after phototherapy.• Effective in-house alternatives are crucial in resource-limited settings where commercial opaque patches are not always accessible or affordable.
Haben Krankenhäuser die Pflicht, die sekundäre Forschungsnutzung von Behandlungsdaten zu unterstützen?
Authors: Jungkunz Martin , Winkler Eva C. , Schickhardt Christoph 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie sekundäre Forschungsnutzung von Behandlungsdaten hat Potenzial, medizinisches Wissen zu erweitern und die Patientenbehandlung zu verbessern. Für eine systematische sekundäre Forschungsnutzung spielen Krankenhäuser eine wichtige Rolle: sie erzeugen große Mengen an Behandlungsdaten und müssen für deren Forschungsnutzung die notwendigen Strukturen aufbauen. Damit stellt sich die ethische Frage: Haben Krankenhäuser eine moralische Pflicht, sekundäre Forschungsnutzung von Behandlungsdaten zu unterstützen, indem sie dafür notwendige Ressourcen und Infrastrukturen aufbauen und betreiben?Ziel ist es, eine konzeptionelle Herangehensweise zur Erörterung dieser Frage zu skizzieren und eine erste normative Positionierung vorzuschlagen. Auf Beiträge aus der Wirtschafts- und Organisationsethik zurückgreifend, erarbeiten wir einen begrifflichen Rahmen, der Krankenhäuser als moralische Akteure versteht. Die normativ-ethische Analyse basiert auf einem rekonstruktiven Stakeholder-Ansatz, in dessen Rahmen wir folgende Pflichten von Krankenhäusern ausmachen: Orientierung am Patientenwohl, Kosteneffizienz, Ermöglichung von professionellem Handeln, Unterstützung von öffentlicher Gesundheit, Förderung von Forschung. Es wird untersucht, ob diese allgemeinen Pflichten Gründe für eine spezielle Pflicht von Krankenhäusern darstellen, sekundäre Forschungsnutzung von Behandlungsdaten zu unterstützen. Mögliche Einwände gegen eine solche Pflicht, welche sich u. a. aus anderen, potenziell konfligierenden allgemeinen Pflichten der Krankenhäuser (z. B. Datenschutz), aus der Praxis (z. B. Aufwände) oder eventuellen Ansprüchen (Dateneigentum) ergeben, werden diskutiert.Bestimmte allgemeine Pflichten (Orientierung am Patientenwohl, Kosteneffizienz, Unterstützung öffentlicher Gesundheit) begründen eine Pflicht von Krankenhäusern, sekundäre Forschungsnutzung von Behandlungsdaten zu unterstützen. Die Pflicht zur Ermöglichung professionellen Handelns ist nur ein indirekter Grund; die Pflicht zur Forschungsunterstützung trifft nur auf Universitätskliniken zu. Mögliche Einwände haben teilweise Gewicht, können aber durch gezielte Maßnahmen eingedämmt werden.
High-resolution projections of future FWI conditions for Portugal according to CMIP6 future climate scenarios
Authors: Cardoso Pereira Susana , Monteiro Nuno , Vaz Ricardo , Carvalho David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWildfires are catastrophes of natural origin or initiated by human activities with high disruptive potential. "Portugal, located in western Iberia, has recently experienced several large fire events, including megafires, due to a combination of factors such as orography, vegetation, climate, and socio-demographic conditions that contribute to fuel accumulation.". One approach to studying fire danger is to use fire weather indices that are commonly used to quantify meteorological conditions that can lead to fire ignition and spread. This study aims to provide high-resolution (~ 6 km) future projections of the Fire Weather Index (FWI) for Portugal using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, forced by the Max Planck Institute (MPI) model from the CMIP6 suite, under three emission scenarios (SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP58.5) for the present period (1995–2014) and two future periods (2046–2065 and 2081–2100). The results show good agreement between FWI and its subcomponents from the WRF and reanalysis. The modelled FWI reproduced the climatological distribution of fire danger Projections indicate an increase in days with very high to extreme fire danger (FWI > 38) across all scenarios and time frames, with the southern and northeastern regions experiencing the most significant changes. The southern and northeastern parts of the territory experienced the largest changes, indicating significant changes between the scenarios and regions. This study suggests that FWI and its subcomponents should be investigated further. Our results highlight the importance of creating new adaptation measures, especially in the areas most at risk, prepared in advance by different players and authorities, so that the increasing risk of wildfires can be mitigated in the future.
Removal of Metal(Loids) from Acid Mine Drainage Using Manganese Oxide Wastes from a Mining-Metallurgical Process
Authors: Piñon-Flores Luis F. , Gutiérrez-Ruiz Margarita E. , González-Chávez José L. , Amaro-Ramírez Daniel E. , Aguirre-Gómez Arturo , Molina-Reyes Marco A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study focused on treating acid mine drainage (AMD) from a Zn-sulfide mine with a composition that includes Al = 445 mg/L, Fe = 263 mg/L, Mn = 364 mg/L, Cd = 2.8 mg/L, and Zn = 4,830 mg/L. After treatment with regional alkaline minerals, the pH increased from 3.0 to 6.3 and metal concentrations decreased mainly by precipitation, falling below Mexico’s permissible limits (MPL) for river discharges, except for Cd2+ and Zn2+, which exceeded their MPLs with concentrations of 0.4 and 1,110 mg/L, respectively. We tested the use of waste materials from a Mn mine containing Mn carbonates (R3) and Mn oxides (R6) for removal of these contaminants. Several Mn oxides have been reported as promising adsorbents and indeed the R6 waste was more efficient than the R3. At a ratio of 0.75 g/L of R6, with 30 h of contact or a ratio of 0.2 with 60 h of contact, Cd2+ and Zn2+ concentrations were decreased to below their MPLs. The evaluation of removal mechanisms was hindered by the complexity of the waste’s composition. However, contact with the AMD increased the zeta potential from negative to positive values, indicating a cation sorption process. Mn wastes can be used without prior alkaline mineral treatment, but their technical and economic viability is less. The results suggest that this process is suitable for treating AMD at abandoned mines sites. Additionally, the Mn wastes can potentially be sold as a sorbent material for other processes, offering a recycling option.
Unifying mortality forecasting model: an investigation of the COM–Poisson distribution in the GAS model for improved projections
Authors: Rakhmawan Suryo Adi , Mahmood Tahir , Abbas Nasir , Riaz Muhammad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractForecasting mortality rates is crucial for evaluating life insurance company solvency, especially amid disruptions caused by phenomena like COVID-19. The Lee–Carter model is commonly employed in mortality modelling; however, extensions that can encompass count data with diverse distributions, such as the Generalized Autoregressive Score (GAS) model utilizing the COM–Poisson distribution, exhibit potential for enhancing time-to-event forecasting accuracy. Using mortality data from 29 countries, this research evaluates various distributions and determines that the COM–Poisson model surpasses the Poisson, binomial, and negative binomial distributions in forecasting mortality rates. The one-step forecasting capability of the GAS model offers distinct advantages, while the COM–Poisson distribution demonstrates enhanced flexibility and versatility by accommodating various distributions, including Poisson and negative binomial. Ultimately, the study determines that the COM–Poisson GAS model is an effective instrument for examining time series data on mortality rates, particularly when facing time-varying parameters and non-conventional data distributions.
Analyzing one-repetition-max predictions: load-velocity relationship vs. repetition to failure equation in ten lower extremity exercises
Authors: Simonsen Morten Bilde , Jolas Elisa , Pedersen Sissel Rosenkrans , Jensen Jonas Green , Faarup Mikkel , Jakobsen Rasmus Toftholm , Andersen Michael Skipper , Kristiansen Mathias 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of predicting one-repetition-maximum (1RM) using the load-velocity relationship and different repetition-to-failure estimation equations for ten lower-extremity exercises.

Methods
A total of 22 healthy participants were recruited. The tested exercises included ankle, knee, and hip joint flexion and extension, as well as hip abduction, hip adduction, and leg press. Velocity during the concentric phase was measured using a linear transducer, and individual linear regression models were established using incremental submaximal loads (40–80% 1RM) and velocity to estimate the 1RM. Repetition-to-failure estimations of 1 RM were assessed with eleven different regression equations, among them the Lombardi equation. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Bland and Altman plots, and normalized mean absolute error (NMAE) were used to compare the estimations with a measured 1RM.

Results
Predictions based on the load-velocity relationship exhibited NMAE values ranging from 8.6% to 35.2%, ICC values from 0.35 to 0.87, and substantial limits of agreement across all exercises, in contrast to the measured 1RM values. Among the fatigue estimation equations, the Lombardi equation demonstrated the lowest NMAE across all exercises (5.8%), with an excellent ICC of 0.99 and narrow limits of agreement.

Conclusion
The load-velocity relationship proved inadequate for predicting 1RM in lower-extremity single-joint exercises. However, the Lombardi estimation equations showcased favorable predictive performance with a consistently low average NMAE across all exercises studied.
Housing Tenure and Subjective Wellbeing: The Importance of Public Housing
Authors: Grimes Arthur , Smith Conal , O’Sullivan Kimberley , Howden-Chapman Philippa , Le Gros Lydia , Dohig Rachel Kowalchuk 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPeople’s subjective wellbeing is influenced by the built environment, including housing and neighbourhood characteristics. Consistent with prior literature, we find that wellbeing is associated with the condition of a resident’s house (particularly dampness and cold) and with the resident’s perception of their neighbourhood (especially relating to social capital and safety). We show also that the form of tenure (public rental, private rental, owner-occupier) has a material impact on subjective wellbeing. Identical people in identical settings may have different wellbeing outcomes depending on their security of housing tenure. Our findings utilise a survey administered to residents in public rental housing, private rentals and owner-occupiers in New Zealand, focusing on the capital city, Wellington. Despite selection effects, which are likely to bias findings against higher wellbeing for public housing tenants, we find that public tenants have higher subjective wellbeing (WHO-5 and life satisfaction) than do private tenants, and similar wellbeing to owner-occupiers. Length of tenure helps to explain wellbeing differences between public and private tenants, likely reflecting New Zealand law under which private renters have insecure tenure.
Considering Residents’ Health and Well-Being in the Process of Social Housing Redevelopment: A Rapid Scoping Literature Review
Authors: Kim Jinhee , Green Jennifer , McIntyre Erica , Standen Christopher 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMany aging mid-twentieth-century social housing developments worldwide are set to undergo major redevelopment, aiming to improve residents’ living conditions. Nevertheless, the associated processes, particularly the challenges of relocation during the demolition and reconstruction phase, can significantly disrupt communities and social networks. Understanding the multifaceted impacts of social housing redevelopment projects is crucial to inform planning, design, and consultation for these projects. This scoping literature review explores how residents’ health and well-being are considered in the process of social housing redevelopment. We identified eight studies through a search performed on EMBASE, PubMed, and Scopus databases, with an additional hand search of the bibliographies of selected studies. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify the health and well-being impacts of the different phases during redevelopment projects. The findings demonstrate that social housing redevelopment projects have varied impacts on residents’ health and well-being depending on the subgroup of residents and the contextual characteristics of the original social housing estate. While improved physical infrastructure provides opportunities for better health outcomes, the disruption and lack of control during the relocation process may cause significant adverse health impacts. Moreover, the different phases during the redevelopment process expose different subgroups to varying risks. Based on these findings, we recommend that social housing redevelopment initiatives prioritize engaging and empowering residents to have better control in decision-making throughout all phases of the redevelopment.