bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of adjunctive photodynamic therapy on gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-1β in Stage III and IV periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Karrabi Malihe , Baghani Zahra , Atarbashi-Moghadam Fazele 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a main pro-inflammatory cytokine that is used for the assessment of treatment efficacy in periodontitis. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on Stage III–IV (severe) periodontitis-induced local IL-1β. This review study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024522546). Electronic and manual search of the literature was conducted in four databases for English articles from the first record up until June 30, 2022 comparing the effects of aPDT versus conventional scaling and root planing on IL-1β levels at different follow-up times. The mean gingival crevicular fluid level of IL-1β with 95% confidence interval (CI) was pooled using the random effect model. The I
2 statistics were applied to analyze the heterogeneity of the findings. The risk of bias (RoB) was analyzed using the revised Cochrane RoB. Analysis of 11 retrieved studies revealed that after the application of aPDT, a significant reduction in IL-1β level occurred at 1–2 (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.29, 95% CI: −0.57–1.15; P = 0.0002), 4–6 (SMD: 0.53; 95% CI: −0.36–1.42; P < 00001), and 12–13 (SMD: 1.04; 95% CI: −0.22–2.3; P < 0.00001) follow-up weeks. The application of aPDT can serve as an effective adjunctive therapy for the treatment of Stage III–IV periodontitis. Although the results of this meta-analysis showed that increasing the session frequency of aPDT had a higher effect size, further studies without the limitations of the existing studies are required to confirm the present results.
Comparative clinical evaluation of the stability of implants using double acid etching treatment with and without the addition of fluoride solution: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hoppe Fernando Luiz Kaesemodel , Formiga Márcio de Carvalho , Garcia Gislaine Fernandes Felipe , Manfro Rafael , Bortoluzzi Marcelo Carlos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Osseointegration depends on primary stability, and further, implant surface modifications may improve secondary stability. This randomized clinical trial evaluates whether adding a fluoride solution enhances the implant stability.

Materials and Methods:
Stability of dental implants with two different types of surface treatments was compared utilizing resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Twelve patients were recruited: eight females and four males with an average age of 58.3 years and they received either double acid etched implants (control: Porus Implant, Sistema Conexão) and double acid etched implants containing fluoride on their surfaces (test: Porus Nano Implant, Sistema Conexão). Each patient received one implant from the test category and another implant from the control category, resulting in 24 implants in this study. RFA, utilizing Osstell was used to assess the implant stability, immediately after the placement of implant and 15, 30 and 45 days post-implant placement.

Results:
At the initial time, there was no difference between the test and control groups regarding the ISQ. However, after 15, 30, and 45 days, ISQ values for the test group were significantly higher than the control group. When using implants without fluoride addition, it was observed that after 15 days, the ISQ values were lower than those found at the initial time, but after 30 days, values matched the initial. Concerning the test group results, the ISQ values from T0 (immediately after implant placement) to T3 (45 days after implant placement) always increased from every period of evaluation.

Conclusions:
It was concluded that double acid etched implants with surfaces containing fluoride solution increases the implant stability quotient, compared to implants with fluoride-free double acid etched surfaces.
Clinicopathological Features of Rare Bleeding Disorders in High Consanguinity Population; A Retrospective Analysis from Two Tertiary Hospitals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljabry Mansour S , Alabbas Fahad , Elyamany Ghaleb , Sedick Qanita , Alsuhaibani Omar , Elfaraidi Huda , Alzahrani Azzah , Alotaibi Sultan , Alqahtani Mohammed S. , Alshahrani Ahmad M. , Alharbi Mohammed Abdulaziz , Abusabah Hassan S. , Alremali Lulwa , Alameen Abdulmohsen Abduaziz , Almohammadi Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Rare bleeding disorder (RBDs) encompasses a deficiency of one or more of FXIII, FXI, FX, FVII, FV, FII, and FI clotting factors, leading to bleeding disorders with variable presentations and outcomes ranging from none or minimal to life-threatening events. RBDs are still underdiagnosed and underreported, especially in Saudi population with a high prevalence of consanguinity.

OBJECTIVES:
The study aimed to determine the frequency of RBDs, grading of their bleeding severity, and assessment of clinical manifestations and management of RBDs in tertiary Saudi Arabian hospitals.

DESIGN AND SETTINGS:
This retrospective study of RBDs describes the clinicopathological features of refereed cases to both Prince Sultan Military Medical City and King Khaled University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from September 2018 to September 2021. Any patient who had already been diagnosed or suspected to have RBDs was enrolled in the study.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Patient's medical records were reviewed for demographic data, clinical presentations, bleeding and family history, consanguinity, treatment outcomes, and molecular testing. Samples were run in specialized coagulation laboratories. Patients with liver dysfunction or acquired factor deficiency were excluded. Patients were categorized into four groups according to the severity of bleeding episodes: asymptomatic, Grade I, Grade II, and Grade III.

RESULTS:
A total of 26 cases with RBDs were identified during the study period. Most of the included patients are males and pediatrics (<14 years) representing 15 (57.7%) and 14 (53.8%), respectively. FVII was the most common factor deficiency encountered in 9 (35%) patients, followed by FXIII in 5 (19%), FXI in 4 (15%), FX in 3 (11.5%), FV in 3 (11.5%), and combined factor deficiency in 2 (8%) patients. 17 (65.4%) RBD patients presented with bleeding manifestation either with Grade I (9%), Grade II (39%), or Grade III (15%), whereas 47% were asymptomatic.

CONCLUSION:
The study emphasizes on importance of establishing a national registry of RBDs in Saudi Arabia and the need for further genetic studies to clarify the genotype/phenotype relationships.
A Comparative Study on Determination of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate by Two Automated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Analysis Techniques-Ves Matic Cube 30 and Mixrate X20 in Comparison to Modified Manual Westergren Method
Authors: Itty Seena Susan , Priya P. V. , Anju C. K. , Sankar S. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a widely used simple and cost-efficient lab test for the diagnosis and follow-up of many diseases. Even though the Westergren method is considered as gold standard, it has many drawbacks such as long test time duration, infection risk to technician, and need of citrated blood sample and to overcome these limitations, automated ESR analysis techniques have been introduced. This study aimed to compare and assess the agreement as well as to analyze the correlation between the ESR values obtained by two automated ESR analysis techniques– Ves Matic Cube 30 and Mixrate-X20 against the gold standard–Modified Manual Westergren method.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Four milliliter blood samples were collected from 1174 patients who came to the Central laboratory with complete blood count and ESR test request forms, after taking informed consent. Each of these samples was subjected to ESR test in both Mixrate X20 and Ves Matic Cube 30, followed by ESR analysis through the modified manual Westergren method. All values obtained were recorded and analyzed using SPSS software. Mean, standard deviation, Bland–Altman agreement analysis, Linear regression, and Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis was done.

RESULTS:
Of 1174 study samples, 588 were male and 586 were female and major proportion of the study sample was in the age group of 50–59 years. Bland–Altman agreement analysis of manual ESR Vs Ves Matic cube 30, showed a mean difference of −2.44 ± 13.01 with 95% limit of agreement (LOA) between −27.93 and 23.05 whereas it was 0.05 ± 1.68 with 95% LOA between −3.24 and 3.34 for manual ESR vs Mixrate X20. Pearson's correlation coefficient for manual ESR Vs Ves Matic Cube 30 was r = 0.891 whereas r = 0.998 for manual ESR Vs Mixrate X20, indicating a strong positive correlation between ESR values obtained through manual method and both automated ESR analyzers.

CONCLUSION:
ESR results from both automated analyzers are agreeable to the reference method with no proportional bias statistically. However, the results from Mixrate X20 ESR analyzer correlate very well with the manual ESR, with close readings that do not affect the clinical interpretation and so can be used in clinical laboratories to optimize workflow and use of human resources.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Anemia Research in Children or Adolescents in the Last 10 Years
Authors: Flores-Briones Keyla , Rios-Lopez Sebastian , Mayta-Tovalino Frank 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Both nationally and internationally, anemia is one of the greatest public health challenges. It mainly affects children, adolescents, and women of reproductive age and manifests itself in different etiological forms. To examine the worldwide scientific production on anemia in children and adolescents focusing on the Scopus database, in a period between 2011 and 2020, the present bibliometric study is proposed.

METHODOLOGY:
The Scopus database was used as the main data source to collect relevant manuscripts on anemia in children and adolescents from 2011 to 2020. The CSV data were exported to SciVal for analysis of most published topics, collaborations, most published institutions, productivity by journal category, most published journals, most published medical specialties, and most published authors.

RESULTS:
Of the 1784 manuscripts reported, it was shown that the year 2020 had the highest number of publications with 33, 19, 13, and 15 articles in the Q1 (top 25%), Q2 (top 26%–50%), Q3 (top 51%–75%), and Q4 quartiles (76%–100%), respectively. The University of Pennsylvania (USA), Johns Hopkins University (USA), and Baylor College of Medicine (USA) were the top three institutions with the highest article production. The top three places were for Pediatric Blood and Cancer, Public Health Nutrition, and Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology with 20, 12, and 11 publications, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
In recent years, there has been evidence of an increase in the number of publications referring to anemia in children and adolescents, experiencing a notorious increase from 2015. In terms of scientific production, the United States, Egypt, and Canada are positioned as the leading countries in this field.
Serum Erythropoietin in the Evaluation of Erythrocytosis
Authors: Gupta Ruchi , Singh Manish Kumar , Chandra Dinesh , Rahman Khaliqur , Maddheshia Ashwani , Sharma Akhilesh , Yadav Sanjeev , Kashyap Rajesh 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Serum erythropoietin (S. EPO) continues to be a minor diagnostic criterion for discriminating polycythemia vera (PV) from other causes of erythrocytosis. However, in the current era of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation testing, its relevance for establishing the diagnosis of PV is controversial.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
The study aimed to assess the utility of S. EPO in patients with absolute erythrocytosis and ascertain its sensitivity and specificity for establishing the diagnosis of PV. Further, the clinicopathological features of PV and JAK2-EPOlow erythrocytosis were compared to discriminate the two disease states.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 286 samples had undergone concomitant testing for S. EPO levels and JAK2V617F mutation for various indications over a period of 60 months (January 2017–December 2021). Clinical details and laboratory parameters were retrieved from the electronic medical records.

RESULTS:
Among 203/286 (70%) patients with erythrocytosis, JAK2 positivity was noted in 49 (24.1%) patients. A subnormal S. EPO level (<3.2 mIU/mL) was noted in only 27/43 (62.7%) cases of de novo PV, while the postphlebotomy PV patients (n = 6) had normal S. EPO levels. The sensitivity and specificity of low S. EPO for establishing the diagnosis of PV were 62.7% and 77.4%, respectively, while the sensitivity and specificity of high Hb levels (>16.5 g/dL) with low S. EPO and for diagnosing PV was 62.7% and 79.0%, respectively, while the sensitivity of high Hb levels with JAK2 positivity was 89.7%. In addition, 14.7% (30/203) of cases of high Hb/hematocrit (median: 18 g/dL and range: 16.3–23.8 g/dL) belonged to the JAK2-EPOlow subgroup. The median age of these patients, red blood cell count, total leukocyte count, and platelet count were, however, significantly lower as compared to the PV (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
Overall, a low sensitivity and specificity of S. EPO were observed for diagnosing PV as an isolated investigation, thus questioning its diagnostic utility, though high levels had an excellent negative predictive value. However, this simple and inexpensive test remains an important screening tool for evaluating patients with absolute erythrocytosis.
Anaesthetic challenges of carinal resection and reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Arumugam C Ganapathy , Sekar Kavitha , Sridhar R , Narasimhan Ajay , Narasimhan R 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Carinal resection of tumour involving trachea and carina remains as a challenge for thoracic surgeons and anaesthesiologists. Resection is technically demanding and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In this case report, we describe the successful management of carinal tumour with carinal resection in a 45-year-old female. The tumour was involving lowermost trachea, carina and bilateral primary bronchi causing 60% narrowing of the lower trachea just before carina, more than 90% narrowing of right main bronchus and 50% luminal narrowing of left main bronchus. Carinal resection and reconstruction were successfully performed under general anaesthesia. Patient was managed with conventional orotracheal intubation with Micro laryngeal endotracheal tube and positioned in left principal bronchus railroaded over a paediatric bronchoscope for lung isolation. After thoracotomy, the left main bronchus was intubated directly across the operative field with a sterile flexometallic endotracheal tube. With intermittent ventilation, anastomosis was completed. During anastomosis Micro laryngeal endotracheal tube cuff was damaged twice and we had to reintubate the patient twice in lateral position itself. At the end of anastomoses, flexometallic tube was removed and wound repaired. After confirming no leakage at anastomotic site, Micro laryngeal endotracheal tube was removed and Laryngeal Mask Airway was inserted and bronchial toileting done with adult bronchoscope. Meticulous planning and communication between the anaesthesia and surgical teams are mandatory for the safe and successful anaesthetic management of carinal resection surgeries.
The minimal important difference of one-minute-sit-to-stand test in subjects with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Sehgal Inderpaul Singh , Dhooria Sahajal , Muthu Valliappan , Prasad Kuruswamy Thurai , Soundappan Kathirvel , Aggarwal Ashutosh Nath , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Rudramurthy Shivaprakash Mandya , Agarwal Ritesh 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and objective:
There is a need for simple functional test to assess treatment response in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) in resource-constrained settings. The one-minute-sit-to-stand test (1-min-STS) is one such test. However, the minimal important difference (MID) for 1-min-STS in subjects with CPA remains unknown. Herein, we estimate the MID for 1-min-STS for CPA subjects.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical details of CPA subjects treated with oral azoles for 6 months. We included only subjects who completed the 1-min-STS test at baseline and 6 months. We used the change in VAS (visual analogue scale, for overall improvement) as an external anchor. We used the anchor and the distribution (standard deviation-based) methods to determine the MID estimates. We used the anchor-based method only if there was correlation of 0.3 with the 1-min-STS test.

Results:
One hundred-eight subjects completed the 1-min-STS test at baseline and 6 months. We did not find significant correlation between the change in VAS for overall improvement (r2 = 0.024, P value = 0.809) and the 1-min-STS test. The MID for the 1-min-STS test was 2 repetitions (range, 1.5–2.8 repetitions).

Conclusion:
The MID for the 1-min-STS test in subjects with CPA was 2 repetitions. Future studies using a global rating of change scale as an anchor must confirm our findings.
Effect of long-term inhaled corticosteroids therapy on cognitive function in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Sharma Suikriti , Karki Deepika , Julitta Kanivi 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are prominent therapies for managing both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It has been noted that cognitive impairment is usually linked to high levels of corticosteroids in the blood.

Objective:
This investigation aims to ascertain how long-term inhaled corticosteroid treatment affects individuals with bronchial asthma and COPD’s cognitive performance.

Methodology:
A total of 139 inpatients diagnosed with COPD and bronchial asthma were enrolled in the study of which 43 were newly diagnosed (group 1), 34 were taking ICS for 0.5-1 year (group 2) and 62 were on long-term ICS, that is, for >2 years (group 3). Patients with a score of at least 24 were considered to have normal cognitive function as prescribed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale.

Result:
It was observed that 56 patients (90.3%) were on long-term ICS treatment, 25 patients (73.5%) were on intermediate therapy and 27 patients (62.7%) who were newly diagnosed had cognitive impairment.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the duration of ICS therapy was significantly associated with a decline in cognitive function.
Pediatric Lumbosacral Spondylolisthesis: Overcoming the Disability!
Authors: Mehrotra Anant , Pandey Satya D. , Singh Suyash , Kanjilal Soumen , Gajbhiye Sanjog , Dikshit Priyadarshi , Kumar Ashutosh , Verma Pawan K. , Maurya Ved P. , Bhaisora Kamlesh S. , Das Kuntal K. , Srivastava Arun K. , Jaiswal Awadhesh K. , Kumar Raj 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Congenital spondylolisthesis is characterized by dysplasia of the facet joint or congenital defect in the pars.

Objective:
Our study highlights the clinical and radiological profile, various treatment options, and outcomes in patients with pediatric congenital lumbar and lumbosacral spondylolisthesis.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis and follow-up of 22 patients were conducted presented with radiological diagnosis of congenital lumbar/lumbosacral spondylolisthesis (2018–2021).

Results:
Twenty patients (91%) had L5-S1 listhesis and two patients (9%) had L4-L5 listhesis. Six (27.3%) patients had low-grade listhesis (grades 1–2), 16 (72.7%) had high-grade listhesis (grades 3–5). Seventeen (77.3%) had S1, three (13.6%) had L5, and two (9%) had both L4-L5 radiculopathy. All patients had neurogenic claudication. One had an associated spina bifida occulta. Six (27.3%) patients underwent two-level fixation, and 16 (72.7%) underwent three-level fixation. Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (MIS TLIF) was done in two patients. Revision of at least one screw was done in three patients. After one year of follow-up, all the patients had 75–100% relief in radicular pain and neurogenic claudication. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score in preop for all patients was 41–60% and postoperatively they showed an improvement in ODI score (0–20). The postoperative low back pain score on the Numeric Rating Scale was 0–1 for all patients.

Conclusion:
Congenital lumbar spondylolisthesis usually presents with high-grade listhesis. Management of such cases is a surgical challenge but posterior decompression resulted in relief of pain in all patients. However, in situ fixation without reduction is also effective in selective cases where attempts to reduce the listhesis result in a decline in intraoperative neuromonitoring parameters.
Which Acute Stroke Patients can Walk while Returning Home? Factors Predicting Ambulation
Authors: Zeynep Kirac Unal , Damla Cankurtaran , Ebru Umay 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
Regaining gait is the primary goal in stroke rehabilitation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of premorbid features of acute stroke patients on the ambulatory level.

Methods:
The study included 174 patients who applied to our rehabilitation clinic within the first month after the onset of stroke. Demographic characteristics of patients, pre-stroke symptoms, and stroke characteristics were questioned from patient files and historical data. The ambulation levels of patients before and after rehabilitation were evaluated with the functional ambulation category. The relationship between demographic characteristics, pre-stroke symptoms, stroke characteristics, and ambulation levels of patients before and after rehabilitation was examined.

Results:
The presence of coronary heart diseases, atrial fibrillation, and nausea/vomiting before stroke were independent negative risk factors on both pre- and post-rehabilitation ambulation levels (P < 0.05). Additionally, advanced age, oxygen, and mechanical ventilation requirement were other negative independent risk factors on post-rehabilitation ambulation levels (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Knowing some of the pre-stroke characteristics of patients while applying rehabilitation programs may be useful in estimating the ambulatory levels on returning home.