bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dairy food products: good or bad for cardiometabolic disease?
Authors: Lovegrove Julie A. , Givens D. Ian 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPrevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasingly and is a key risk for CVD development, now recognised as the leading cause of death globally. Dietary strategies to reduce CVD development include reduction of saturated fat intake. Milk and dairy products are the largest contributors to dietary saturated fats in the UK and reduced consumption is often recommended as a strategy for risk reduction. However, overall evidence from prospective cohort studies does not confirm a detrimental association between dairy product consumption and CVD risk. The present review critically evaluates the current evidence on the association between milk and dairy products and risk of CVD, T2DM and the metabolic syndrome (collectively, cardiometabolic disease). The effects of total and individual dairy foods on cardiometabolic risk factors and new information on the effects of the food matrix on reducing fat digestion are also reviewed. It is concluded that a policy to lower SFA intake by reducing dairy food consumption to reduce cardiometabolic disease risk is likely to have limited or possibly negative effects. There remain many uncertainties, including differential effects of different dairy products and those of differing fat content. Focused and suitably designed and powered studies are needed to provide clearer evidence not only of the mechanisms involved, but how they may be beneficially influenced during milk production and processing.
Identification of Nanocrystalline Inclusions in Bismuth-Doped Silica Fibers and Preforms
Authors: Iskhakova Liudmila D. , Milovich Filipp O. , Mashinsky Valery M. , Zlenko Alexander S. , Borisovsky Sergey E. , Dianov Evgeny M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe nature of nanocrystalline inclusions and dopant distribution in bismuth-doped silicate fibers and preforms are studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and energy and wavelength-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. The core compositions are Bi:SiO2, Bi:Al2O3–SiO2, Bi:GeO2–SiO2, Bi:Al2O3–GeO2–SiO2, and Bi:P2O5–Al2O3–GeO2–SiO2. Nanocrystals of metallic Bi, Bi2O3, SiO2, GeO2, and Bi4(GeO4)3 are observed in these glasses. These inclusions can be the reason for the background optical loss in bismuth-doped optical fibers. The bismuth concentration of 0.0048±0.0006 at% is directly measured in aluminosilicate optical fibers with effective laser generation (slope efficiency of 27% at room temperature).
Legal Records at Risk: Does the Legal Profession Care about Preserving its Heritage? And What Could be Done to Rescue Private Sector Legal Records?
Authors: Cowling Clare 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis article is written by Clare Cowling, Director, Legal Records at Risk Project, Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London. Her article explores the hypothesis that modern private sector legal records are more at risk of loss than their historical equivalents. There are many reasons for this, but one factor, detailed in this article, appears to be the indifference or reluctance of legal practitioners themselves. The LRAR project seeks to allay any concerns practitioners may have about confidentiality and to raise their awareness of the potential commercial and historic value of their legal records. It will do this by a combination of case studies, interviews with stakeholders and investigations into the current information management and archiving practices of institutions specialised to law. In so doing it will provide guidance and advice on the more cost-effective management and preservation of legal records so that the history of change to non-governmental legal services in the UK over the past century will be accurately documented.
Reflections on the IALL Conference 2015 and Some Thoughts About Brexit: Perhaps Brexit is the Ending of the International Era and the Beginning of the Transnational Period?
Authors: Punch Pattie 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this article Pattie Punch reflects on IALL's 34th Annual Course on International Law and Legal Information which was held at Statsbibliothek, Berlin from 20th to 24th September, 2015. The course was entitled ‘Within and in Between: German Legal Tradition in Times of Internationalization and Beyond’ and the work and content of the presentations made her consider what she values about the education of law librarians in the 21st Century. The course raised many questions in relation to a resilient education for law librarians. Since this course, the Brexit referendum in the UK has taken place and the author offers her thoughts about this change of direction and what it might mean for the profession.
Accuracy of the Distress Thermometer for home care patients with palliative care needs in Germany
Authors: Wüller Johannes , Küttner Stefanie , Foldenauer Ann Christina , Rolke Roman , Pastrana Tania 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTObjective:Our aim was to examine the accuracy of the German version of the Distress Thermometer (DT) compared with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in patients with palliative care needs living at home.Method:Ours was a 15-month cross-sectional study beginning in September of 2013 in Germany with consecutive patients cared for by a palliative home care service. The survey was implemented during the initial visit by a home care team. Patients were excluded if they were under 18 years of age, mentally or physically unable to complete the assessment questionnaires as judged by their healthcare worker, or unable to understand the German language. During the first encounter, the DT and HADS were applied, and sociodemographic and medical data were collected.Results:A total of 89 persons completed both the HADS and DT questionnaires (response rate = 59.7%; mean age = 67 years; female = 55.1%; married = 65.2%; living home with relatives = 73.0%; oncological condition = 92.1%; Karnofsky Performance Scale [KPS] score: 0–40 = 30.3%, 50–70 = 57.3%, >80 = 6.7%). The mean DT score was 6.3 (±2.3), with 84.3% of participants scoring above the DT cutoff (≥4). The mean HADStotalscore was 17.9 (±7.8), where 64% of participants had a total HADS score (HADStotal) ≥15, 51.7% reported anxiety (HADSanxiety≥ 8), and 73% reported depression (HADSdepression≥ 8). Using the HADS as a gold standard, a DT cutoff score ≥5 was optimal for identifying severe distress in patients with palliative care needs, with a sensitivity of 93.0%, a specificity of 34.4%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 73.3%, and likelihood ratios LR+ = 1.42 (<3) and –LR = 0.203 (<0.3).Significance of results:The DT performed satisfactorily compared to the HADS in screening for distress in our study and can be employed as an instrument for identification of patients with distress. Consequent to the high prevalence of distress, we recommend its routine use for screening distressed persons at home with palliative care needs in order to offer adequate support.
Ambulante Dialektisch-Behaviorale Therapie für Adoleszente (DBT-A) mit impulsiven und selbstschädigenden Verhaltensweisen
Authors: Maffezzoni Marco , Steinhausen Hans-Christoph 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung. Die Dialektisch-Behaviorale Therapie für Adoleszente (DBT-A) zur Behandlung impulsiver und suizidaler Jugendlicher wird seit Februar 2005 in leicht abgeänderter Form ambulant im Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrischen Dienst Zürich umgesetzt. Diese DBT-A umfasst Einzeltherapie, ein Gruppen- bzw. Skills-Training sowie einen Elternabend und dauert jeweils ein halbes Jahr. Der vorliegende Erfahrungsbericht zeigt die Umsetzung dieses Ansatzes und präsentiert eine Evaluation im Rahmen der klinikinternen Qualitätssicherung. Die insgesamt 43 Teilnehmerinnen des Therapie-Programms waren weibliche Jugendliche im Alter von 14–19 Jahren, die impulsive und selbstschädigende Verhaltensweisen sowie Probleme in der Regulierung ihrer Emotionen und in der zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungsgestaltung aufwiesen. An einem Skills-Training nahmen jeweils 4–6 Jugendliche teil. Unsere mehrheitlich positiven Erfahrungen mit diesem Ansatz in der Therapie wurden durch die Auswertungen der Daten aus der Qualitätssicherung von 19 Teilnehmerinnen bestätigt, welche sowohl Selbst- wie auch Fremdurteile umfassten. Es liegen Hinweise vor, dass die DBT-A mit zu einer Abnahme sowohl verschiedener Indikatoren der allgemeinen als auch der spezifischen Psychopathologie führt.
The structural basis for CD36 binding by the malaria parasite
Authors: Hsieh Fu-Lien , Turner Louise , Bolla Jani Reddy , Robinson Carol V. , Lavstsen Thomas , Higgins Matthew K. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCD36 is a scavenger receptor involved in fatty acid metabolism, innate immunity and angiogenesis. It interacts with lipoprotein particles and facilitates uptake of long chain fatty acids. It is also the most common target of the PfEMP1 proteins of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, tethering parasite-infected erythrocytes to endothelial receptors. This prevents their destruction by splenic clearance and allows increased parasitaemia. Here we describe the structure of CD36 in complex with long chain fatty acids and a CD36-binding PfEMP1 protein domain. A conserved hydrophobic pocket allows the hugely diverse PfEMP1 protein family to bind to a conserved phenylalanine residue at the membrane distal tip of CD36. This phenylalanine is also required for CD36 to interact with lipoprotein particles. By targeting a site on CD36 that is required for its physiological function, PfEMP1 proteins maintain the ability to tether to the endothelium and avoid splenic clearance.
Extraction and analysis of signatures from the Gene Expression Omnibus by the crowd
Authors: Wang Zichen , Monteiro Caroline D. , Jagodnik Kathleen M. , Fernandez Nicolas F. , Gundersen Gregory W. , Rouillard Andrew D. , Jenkins Sherry L. , Feldmann Axel S. , Hu Kevin S. , McDermott Michael G. , Duan Qiaonan , Clark Neil R. , Jones Matthew R. , Kou Yan , Goff Troy , Woodland Holly , Amaral Fabio M R. , Szeto Gregory L. , Fuchs Oliver , Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose Sophia M. , Sharma Shvetank , Schwartz Uwe , Bausela Xabier Bengoetxea , Szymkiewicz Maciej , Maroulis Vasileios , Salykin Anton , Barra Carolina M. , Kruth Candice D. , Bongio Nicholas J. , Mathur Vaibhav , Todoric Radmila D , Rubin Udi E. , Malatras Apostolos , Fulp Carl T. , Galindo John A. , Motiejunaite Ruta , Jüschke Christoph , Dishuck Philip C. , Lahl Katharina , Jafari Mohieddin , Aibar Sara , Zaravinos Apostolos , Steenhuizen Linda H. , Allison Lindsey R. , Gamallo Pablo , de Andres Segura Fernando , Dae Devlin Tyler , Pérez-García Vicente , Ma’ayan Avi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGene expression data are accumulating exponentially in public repositories. Reanalysis and integration of themed collections from these studies may provide new insights, but requires further human curation. Here we report a crowdsourcing project to annotate and reanalyse a large number of gene expression profiles from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Through a massive open online course on Coursera, over 70 participants from over 25 countries identify and annotate 2,460 single-gene perturbation signatures, 839 disease versus normal signatures, and 906 drug perturbation signatures. All these signatures are unique and are manually validated for quality. Global analysis of these signatures confirms known associations and identifies novel associations between genes, diseases and drugs. The manually curated signatures are used as a training set to develop classifiers for extracting similar signatures from the entire GEO repository. We develop a web portal to serve these signatures for query, download and visualization.
FMRP regulates an ethanol-dependent shift in GABABR function and expression with rapid antidepressant properties
Authors: Wolfe Sarah A. , Workman Emily R. , Heaney Chelcie F. , Niere Farr , Namjoshi Sanjeev , Cacheaux Luisa P. , Farris Sean P. , Drew Michael R. , Zemelman Boris V. , Harris R. Adron , Raab-Graham Kimberly F. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAlcohol promotes lasting neuroadaptive changes that may provide relief from depressive symptoms, often referred to as the self-medication hypothesis. However, the molecular/synaptic pathways that are shared by alcohol and antidepressants are unknown. In the current study, acute exposure to ethanol produced lasting antidepressant and anxiolytic behaviours. To understand the functional basis of these behaviours, we examined a molecular pathway that is activated by rapid antidepressants. Ethanol, like rapid antidepressants, alters γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor (GABABR) expression and signalling, to increase dendritic calcium. Furthermore, new GABABRs are synthesized in response to ethanol treatment, requiring fragile-X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Ethanol-dependent changes in GABABR expression, dendritic signalling, and antidepressant efficacy are absent in Fmr1-knockout (KO) mice. These findings indicate that FMRP is an important regulator of protein synthesis following alcohol exposure, providing a molecular basis for the antidepressant efficacy of acute ethanol exposure.
The tobacco-specific carcinogen-operated calcium channel promotes lung tumorigenesis via IGF2 exocytosis in lung epithelial cells
Authors: Boo Hye-Jin , Min Hye-Young , Jang Hyun-Ji , Yun Hye Jeong , Smith John Kendal , Jin Quanri , Lee Hyo-Jong , Liu Diane , Kweon Hee-Seok , Behrens Carmen , Lee J. Jack , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Lee Euni , Hong Waun Ki , Lee Ho-Young 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) binding to the tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) induces Ca2+ signalling, a mechanism that is implicated in various human cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of NNK-mediated Ca2+ signalling in lung cancer formation. We show significant overexpression of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in association with IGF-1R activation in human preneoplastic lung lesions in smokers. NNK induces voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC)-intervened calcium influx in airway epithelial cells, resulting in a rapid IGF2 secretion via the regulated pathway and thus IGF-1R activation. Silencing nAChR, α1 subunit of L-type VDCC, or various vesicular trafficking curators, including synaptotagmins and Rabs, or blockade of nAChR/VDCC-mediated Ca2+ influx significantly suppresses NNK-induced IGF2 exocytosis, transformation and tumorigenesis of lung epithelial cells. Publicly available database reveals inverse correlation between use of calcium channel blockers and lung cancer diagnosis. Our data indicate that NNK disrupts the regulated pathway of IGF2 exocytosis and promotes lung tumorigenesis.
Atomically thin quantum light-emitting diodes
Authors: Palacios-Berraquero Carmen , Barbone Matteo , Kara Dhiren M. , Chen Xiaolong , Goykhman Ilya , Yoon Duhee , Ott Anna K. , Beitner Jan , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Ferrari Andrea C. , Atatüre Mete 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenides are optically active, layered materials promising for fast optoelectronics and on-chip photonics. We demonstrate electrically driven single-photon emission from localized sites in tungsten diselenide and tungsten disulphide. To achieve this, we fabricate a light-emitting diode structure comprising single-layer graphene, thin hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenide mono- and bi-layers. Photon correlation measurements are used to confirm the single-photon nature of the spectrally sharp emission. These results present the transition metal dichalcogenide family as a platform for hybrid, broadband, atomically precise quantum photonics devices.
Satellite RNAs promote pancreatic oncogenic processes via the dysfunction of YBX1
Authors: Kishikawa Takahiro , Otsuka Motoyuki , Yoshikawa Takeshi , Ohno Motoko , Ijichi Hideaki , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHighly repetitive tandem arrays at the centromeric and pericentromeric regions in chromosomes, previously considered silent, are actively transcribed, particularly in cancer. This aberrant expression occurs even in K-ras-mutated pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) tissues, which are precancerous lesions. To examine the biological roles of the satellite RNAs in carcinogenesis, we construct mouse PanIN-derived cells expressing major satellite (MajSAT) RNA and show increased malignant properties. We find an increase in frequency of chromosomal instability and point mutations in both genomic and mitochondrial DNA. We identify Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) as a protein that binds to MajSAT RNA. MajSAT RNA inhibits the nuclear translocation of YBX1 under stress conditions, thus reducing its DNA-damage repair function. The forced expression of YBX1 significantly decreases the aberrant phenotypes. These findings indicate that during the early stage of cancer development, satellite transcripts may act as ‘intrinsic mutagens’ by inducing YBX1 dysfunction, which may be crucial in oncogenic processes.
Relative validity of a web-based food frequency questionnaire for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Denmark
Authors: Bentzen S M R , Knudsen V K , Christiensen T , Ewers B 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground:Diet has an important role in the management of diabetes. However, little is known about dietary intake in Danish diabetes patients. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) focusing on most relevant nutrients in diabetes including carbohydrates, dietary fibres and simple sugars was developed and validated.Objectives:To examine the relative validity of nutrients calculated by a web-based food frequency questionnaire for patients with diabetes.Design:The FFQ was validated against a 4-day pre-coded food diary (FD). Intakes of nutrients were calculated. Means of intake were compared and cross-classifications of individuals according to intake were performed. To assess the agreement between the two methods, Pearson and Spearman’s correlation coefficients and weighted kappa coefficients were calculated.Subjects:Ninety patients (64 with type 1 diabetes and 26 with type 2 diabetes) accepted to participate in the study. Twenty-six were excluded from the final study population.Setting:64 volunteer diabetes patients at the Steno Diabetes Center.Results:Intakes of carbohydrates, simple sugars, dietary fibres and total energy were higher according to the FFQ compared with the FD. However, intakes of nutrients were grossly classified in the same or adjacent quartiles with an average of 82% of the selected nutrients when comparing the two methods. In general, moderate agreement between the two methods was found.Conclusion:The FFQ was validated for assessment of a range of nutrients. Comparing the intakes of selected nutrients (carbohydrates, dietary fibres and simple sugars), patients were classified correctly according to low and high intakes. The FFQ is a reliable dietary assessment tool to use in research and evaluation of patient education for patients with diabetes.
Eco-friendly p-type Cu2SnS3 thermoelectric material: crystal structure and transport properties
Authors: Shen Yawei , Li Chao , Huang Rong , Tian Ruoming , Ye Yang , Pan Lin , Koumoto Kunihito , Zhang Ruizhi , Wan Chunlei , Wang Yifeng 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAs a new eco-friendly thermoelectric material, copper tin sulfide (Cu2SnS3) ceramics were experimentally studied by Zn-doping. Excellent electrical transport properties were obtained by virtue of 3-dimensionally conductive network for holes, which are less affected by the coexistence of cubic and tetragonal phases that formed upon Zn subsitition for Sn; a highest power factors ~0.84 mW m−1 K−2 at 723 K was achieved in the 20% doped sample. Moreover, an ultralow lattice thermal conductivity close to theoretical minimum was observed in these samples, which could be related to the disordering of atoms in the coexisting cubic and tetragonal phases and the interfaces. Thanks to the phonon-glass-electron-crystal features, a maximum ZT ~ 0.58 was obtained at 723 K, which stands among the tops for sulfide thermoelectrics at the same temperature.
Tunable potential well for plasmonic trapping of metallic particles by bowtie nano-apertures
Authors: Lu Yu , Du Guangqing , Chen Feng , Yang Qing , Bian Hao , Yong Jiale , Hou Xun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this paper, the tunable optical trapping dependence on wavelength of incident beam is theoretically investigated based on numerical simulations. The Monte Carlo method is taken into account for exploring the trapping characteristics such as average deviation and number distribution histogram of nanoparticles. It is revealed that both the width and the depth of potential well for trapping particles can be flexibly adjusted by tuning the wavelength of the incident beam. In addition, incident wavelengths for the deepest potential well and for the strongest stiffness at bottom are separated. These phenomena are explained as the strong plasmon coupling between tweezers and metallic nanoparticles. In addition, required trapping fluence and particles’ distributions show distinctive properties through carefully modifying the incident wavelengths from 1280 nm to 1300 nm. Trapping with lowest laser fluence can be realized with1280 nm laser and trapping with highest precision can be realized with 1300 nm laser. This work will provide theoretical support for advancing the manipulation of metallic particles and related applications such as single-molecule fluorescence and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
A suppressor locus for MODY3-diabetes
Authors: Garcia-Gonzalez Miguel A. , Carette Claire , Bagattin Alessia , Chiral Magali , Makinistoglu Munevver Parla , Garbay Serge , Prévost Géraldine , Madaras Cécile , Hérault Yann , Leibovici Michel , Pontoglio Marco 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMaturity Onset Diabetes of the Young type 3 (MODY3), linked to mutations in the transcription factor HNF1A, is the most prevalent form of monogenic diabetes mellitus. HNF1alpha-deficiency leads to defective insulin secretion via a molecular mechanism that is still not completely understood. Moreover, in MODY3 patients the severity of insulin secretion can be extremely variable even in the same kindred, indicating that modifier genes may control the onset of the disease. With the use of a mouse model for HNF1alpha-deficiency, we show here that specific genetic backgrounds (C3H and CBA) carry a powerful genetic suppressor of diabetes. A genome scan analysis led to the identification of a major suppressor locus on chromosome 3 (Moda1). Moda1 locus contains 11 genes with non-synonymous SNPs that significantly interacts with other loci on chromosomes 4, 11 and 18. Mechanistically, the absence of HNF1alpha in diabetic-prone (sensitive) strains leads to postnatal defective islets growth that is remarkably restored in resistant strains. Our findings are relevant to human genetics since Moda1 is syntenic with a human locus identified by genome wide association studies of fasting glycemia in patients. Most importantly, our results show that a single genetic locus can completely suppress diabetes in Hnf1a-deficiency.