bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of blunt force homicide in the West Metropole of the City of Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Clark Courtnee , Mole Calvin G. , Heyns Marise 
Published: May 2017

There is currently a lack of information regarding the prevalence of and characteristics associated with blunt force trauma related homicides in South Africa. Information relating to the patterns of blunt force trauma could assist in the development and implementation of interventions targeted at specific areas or individuals as well as direct future research towards areas in need of investigation. This study is a 5-year retrospective review of autopsy reports obtained from Salt River Mortuary (Cape Town, South Africa). The prevalence of blunt force trauma was considered for unnatural deaths with a focus on homicide. The patterns of homicidal blunt force trauma are also presented. A total of 15 519 autopsy cases was analysed. In 1198 (7.72%) of these cases, the cause of death was found to be blunt force trauma and 828 (5.32%) of these cases were classified as homicides. Approximately 11% of blunt force homicide cases occurred in combination with sharp and/or ballistic trauma. Men from poor socio-economic areas were shown to be most at risk of blunt force homicide in the City of Cape Town.

Significance:

The prevalence of homicidal blunt force trauma in the Western Metropole of the City of Cape Town is comparable to other regions in South Africa.
The vast majority of victims sustained injury to the head, highlighting the need for further research in cranial blunt force trauma.
Interventions should target young men, particularly in low socio-economic regions.
Simultaneous Detection of Oral Pathogens in Subgingival Plaque and Prostatic Fluid of Men With Periodontal and Prostatic Diseases
Authors: Estemalik John , Demko Catherine , Bissada Nabil F. , Joshi Nishant , Bodner Donald , Shankar Eswar , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: May 2017

Background: Chronic prostatitis (CPr) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are complex inflammatory conditions for which etiologic determinants are still poorly defined. Periodontitis is caused by subgingival colonizing bacteria in the oral cavity. The causal effect of periodontal disease on prostatic inflammation has not been established. The purpose of this study is to isolate oral pathogens from expressed prostatic secretions of patients with periodontal disease and CPr or BPH.Methods: Twenty‐four men diagnosed with CPr/BPH participated in the study. A complete periodontal examination consisting of probing depth, bleeding on probing, tooth mobility, gingival index, and plaque index was performed on the men, and prostatic secretion was collected for the study. Dental plaque and prostatic secretion samples were used for analysis of bacterial DNA for Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Treponema denticola (Td), and Escherichia coli using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction.Results: Six patients were diagnosed with severe, seven with moderate, and four with mild chronic periodontitis. Seventeen of 24 (70.8%) of the prostatic secretion samples showed one or more of the studied oral pathogens. Nine of 10 BPH and eight of 14 patients with CPr had at least one oral pathogen in their prostatic secretions. Pg was found in both prostatic secretion and plaque samples in six of 17 (35.3%) patients, Td was found in both samples in seven of 15 (46.7%) patients, and E. coli was found in both samples in three of 15 (20%) patients. Pi was detected in all dental plaque samples but not in the prostatic secretion.Conclusion: An association between chronic inflammatory prostate and periodontal diseases has been demonstrated by the presence of similar bacterial DNA in both prostatic secretion and subgingival dental plaque from the same individual.
Wundt y la música: argumentos genealógicos para repensar la Psicología de la Música
Authors: Castro Tejerina Jorge , Sánchez Moreno Iván 
Published: May 2017

En este artículo se plantea la posibilidad de explorar el pasado de la psicología para reivindicar problemas y cuestiones desterradas, olvidadas o poco atendidas en la agenda contemporánea de la psicología de la música; aspectos que pueden resultar importantes a la hora de redefinir el área a la vista de los retos planteados por el escenario post-moderno. En nuestra reconsideración genealógica de la psicología de la música hemos tomado como punto de partida los “Elementos de psicología de los pueblos” de W. Wundt, un trabajo donde el maestro de Leipzig ensayó un reconsideración de psi-cológica de la mente humana desde el punto de vista de los productos culturales y el devenir histórico-social de las actividades colectivas. Para Wundt, el arte se convierte, junto a al mito, la costumbre y la lengua, en uno de los dominios arquetípicos para ex-plorar la “evolución espiritual del hombre”. En relación con ese marco genérico, Wun-dt prestará una atención muy especial a la cuestión de las artes temporales ofreciendo una peculiar visión etnopsicológica de las mismas. Sin entrar en incompatibilidades con las aproximaciones psico-fisiológicas y experimentales de la tradición helmhotzi-ana -las de Stumpf, Pratt, Seashore o el propio Wundt del canónico “Compendio de Psicología”-, la psicología de los pueblos abre un escenario alternativo que complejiza y enriquece la “cuestión musical” incorporando factores instrumentales, mediaciona-les, colectivos, empáticos, funcionales, etc. de difícil encaje en las persectivas generales e individualistas de las psicologías -mecanicistas o espiritualistas- decimonónicas. La posición etnopsicológica de Wundt, en cualquier caso, no es tan original como sin-tomática de una línea de trabajo importante en la etapa fundacional de la psicología disciplinar; una etapa donde la cuestión estética, en general, y musical, en particular, estaba plena y perfectamente incorporada en los grandes sistemas psicológicos de au-tores como Ribot, Baldwin, Sergi, Bergson o Taine, entre otros muchos. En el artículo tratamos de mapear mínimamente los temas y argumentos cruciales de esta línea de trabajo tomando como motivo conductor la apuesta etnopsicológica wuntiana. Final-mente, a partir de ese mapeo, ofrecemos a título programático los dos horizontes genealógicos de sentido respecto de los cuáles tales cuestiones deber ser sopesadas: por un lado, la interrupción final de tal sensibilidad psicoestética ante el programa de la estética experimental y la propia reorientación de los intereses teóricos y aplicados de la psicología como empresa
Post-Transplant Hypophosphatemia and the Risk of Death-Censored Graft Failure and Mortality after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: van Londen Marco , Aarts Brigitte M. , Deetman Petronella E. , van der Weijden Jessica , Eisenga Michele F. , Navis Gerjan , Bakker Stephan J. L. , de Borst Martin H. ,   on behalf of the NIGRAM Consortium
Published: May 2017

Background and objectives
Hypophosphatemia is common in the first year after kidney transplantation, but its clinical implications are unclear. We investigated the relationship between the severity of post-transplant hypophosphatemia and mortality or death-censored graft failure in a large cohort of renal transplant recipients with long-term follow-up.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We performed a longitudinal cohort study in 957 renal transplant recipients who were transplanted between 1993 and 2008 at a single center. We used a large real-life dataset containing 28,178 phosphate measurements (median of 27; first to third quartiles, 23–34) serial measurements per patient) and selected the lowest intraindividual phosphate level during the first year after transplantation. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and death-censored graft failure.

Results
The median (interquartile range) intraindividual lowest phosphate level was 1.58 (1.30–1.95) mg/dl, and it was reached at 33 (21–51) days post-transplant. eGFR was the main correlate of the lowest serum phosphate level (model R
2 =0.32). During 9 (5–12) years of follow-up, 181 (19%) patients developed graft failure, and 295 (35%) patients died, of which 94 (32%) deaths were due to cardiovascular disease. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, more severe hypophosphatemia was associated with a lower risk of death-censored graft failure (fully adjusted hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.43 to 0.88 per 1 mg/dl lower serum phosphate) and cardiovascular mortality (fully adjusted hazard ratio, 0.37; 95% confidence interval, 0.22 to 0.62) but not noncardiovascular mortality (fully adjusted hazard ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.9 to 1.96) or all-cause mortality (fully adjusted hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.61).

Conclusions
Post-transplant hypophosphatemia develops early after transplantation. These data connect post-transplant hypophosphatemia with favorable long-term graft and patient outcomes.
Editorial Isu-isu Internasional: Kebahasaan Kebijakan Luar Negeri, Keamanan Manusia, Kelompok Lobi, Diaspora, Disabilitas dan Globalisasi
Authors: Bainus Arry , Rachman Junita Budi 
Published: May 2017

Sebagai sebuah jurnal akademik, Intermestic: Journal of International Studies senantiasa akan menjadi wahana wacana dan forum diskusi bagi para cendikia (scholar) mengenai ragam isu internasional dan intermestik yang perlu diangkat dan diperhatikan khalayak pembaca. Pada Volume 1, No. 2, Mei 2017, meskipun belum mengkhususkan pada sebuah tema tertentu, namun artikel-artikel yang kami persembahkan di sini memiliki keistimewaan dalam mengangkat isu kajian berdimensi internasional yang kerap terpinggirkan untuk dibahas. Antara lain adalah isu mengenai psikologis kebahasaan dalam kebijakan luar negeri, keamanan manusia, kelompok lobi, hubungan interkultural diaspora, penyandang disabilitas, serta globalisasi.
Mexicanos por naturalización en la primera mitad del siglo XX. Un acercamiento cuantitativo
Authors: Yankelevich Pablo 
Published: May 2017

Este trabajo se funda en la reconstrucción de la serie histórica de cartas de naturalización expedidas por los gobiernos mexicanos a lo largo de casi dos siglos. Sobre esta base se explora la dimensión cuantitativa de la política de naturalización de extranjeros durante la primera mitad del siglo XX. ¿Cuántos extranjeros se naturalizaron y cuáles fueron sus orígenes nacionales? ¿Cuál fue la distribución por sexo, estado civil, lugar de residencia y ocupación? ¿El volumen de naturalizados fue engrosado por regímenes de excepción en beneficio de ciertas comunidades de inmigrantes? ¿Es posible encontrar correlaciones entre nuevos flujos inmigratorios y la gestión de la política de naturalización? ¿Los cambios en las normas sobre migración y extranjería impactaron en las naturalizaciones? Entre otros, estos interrogantes guiaron una investigación interesada en cuantificar el universo de extranjeros naturalizados en unas décadas en que se registraron los más altos índices de naturalización, a pesar del poderoso nacionalismo que impulsó las políticas de extranjería más restrictivas que conoció México.
El cónsul Thompson, los Bostonians y la formación de la galaxia Chichén, 1893-1904
Authors: Palacios Guillermo 
Published: May 2017

Este artículo continúa la narrativa sobre la experiencia de los empresarios-académicos y coleccionistas ligados a la Universidad de Harvard, los Bostonians, en las zonas arqueológicas de Yucatán, exploradas bajo su patrocinio desde finales de la década de 1880 por Edward H. Thompson, a quien protegieron con el nombramiento de cónsul de Estados Unidos en Mérida. El texto reconstruye la pérdida de control del estratégico consulado por parte de los Bostonians en 1893 y su recuperación en 1897. Acompaña la ocupación e inicio del despojo de Chichén Itzá y el imaginario pseudocientífico que provoca, y analiza las redes de alianzas/rivalidades arqueológicas que se establecen con la llegada de otros personajes e instituciones estadounidenses de investigación arqueológica. Estudia, por fin, los caminos que Thompson diseñó para viabilizar la aventura de su vida: el dragado del Cenote Sagrado de Chichen Itza.
Determination of Load Bearing Capacity of Two Nigerian Fresh Tomato Varieties
Authors: Elemo Gloria Nwakaegho , Adepoju Phillip Adeleke , Mordi James Iwebuno , Longe Adeteju Oluwafunmilayo , Abatan Olubukola Esther 
Published: May 2017

Tomato cultivars â€“ Roma and Ibadan local (Ibadan L)Â at stage five degree of ripeness were subjected to rupture test by application of varying weights of 1 â€“ 2.5kg to determine the time itÂ takes to rupture the fresh tomato samples. Roma cultivar of 23g size took 28 min and 1.2 min to rupture under 1kg and 2.5 kg weight respectively while the same variety of 76g size took 90min and 50min to rupture under 1kg and 2.5 kg weight applied respectively. For Ibadan Local (Ibadan L) of 23g size, it took 17 min and 0.67 min to rupture under 1kg and 2.5 kg weight respectively while that of 76g size took 70 min and 15 min to rupture respectively. This result showed that for any variety, the bigger the size of the fruit, the longer the time taken for the fruit to rupture under any particular load applied. The extent fresh tomatoes are able to keep and maintain freshness in their ripen state depends on their load bearing capacity.
Measurement of Interconnecting Network for Roadside Unit Placement on Cellular Network to Support Intelligent Transportation System
Authors: Puspitorini Okkie , Siswandari Nuradi , Mahmudah Haniah , Wijayanti Ari 
Published: May 2017

The significant problems in metropolitanâ€™s traffic are road congestion and safety Â The Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) offer improvement for the problems using Roadside Unit placement along the road to detect and inform all matters relating to traffic condition. This research will be conducted measurement interconnection network that will be used by Roadside Unit (RSU) to communicate with the central office. RSU will transmit data type of vehicle and speed information to the central office server. Measurements carried out on the existing cellular network and find the right position for placement of RSU according network availability by considering the received signal power, pathloss and performance data delivery. Measurement locations in the main road metropolitan city of Surabaya by using sensors (counted mode) as the RSU. From the measurements taken showed that communication between infrastructures managed by using digital sensors falcon plus II with a percentage error of less than 3%. Communications between the RSU and the central office using GPRS / GSM network supported by the presence of a nearby BTS tower. The power level of BTS antenna greater thanÂ Â wireless modem (SIM 900) sensitivity (-107 dbm), with pathloss exponent about 2.77. The ability of data transmission by wireless modem (SIM 900) reached 85.6 Kbps to 42.8 Kbps for downlink and uplink. The server side using the internet network 512 Mbps with a dynamic public IP features that support port forwarding that is useful for data communication. Best sensor position for mounting the sensor horizontally at a height of 40-120 cm from ground level to the maximum detection distance of 150 m for vertical mounting above the overpass. Best sensor position facing the one lane road with a height of 5-6 m from ground level, with the best angle measurement is 45Ëš-60Ëš for vertical and horizontal mounting. Average speed of vehicles is 38.34 km / h with a volume of 4128 units of vehicles, mostly motorcycles and traffic density 135 units / km.Â Keywordsâ€” Roadside unit, I2I, ITS, cellular network
Lifestyle Redesign® for Chronic Pain Management: A Retrospective Clinical Efficacy Study
Authors: Uyeshiro Simon Ashley , Collins Chantelle E. R. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Our objective was to determine the efficacy of a Lifestyle Redesign® intervention for people living with chronic pain on quality of life (QOL), function, self-efficacy, and pain levels.
METHOD. Clinical outcomes were collected from 45 patients who completed an individual outpatient Lifestyle Redesign occupational therapy program for chronic pain as part of their usual plan of medical care. Outcome measures included the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, the 36-Item Short-Form Survey, the Brief Pain Inventory, and the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. We analyzed scores using paired-samples t tests.
RESULTS. Significant changes were observed in occupational performance and satisfaction scores, physical and social functioning, role limitations due to physical and emotional problems, energy and fatigue, general health, and pain self-efficacy.
CONCLUSION. Lifestyle Redesign interventions, when integrated into a patient’s medical plan of care, can improve patient functioning, self-efficacy, and QOL.
Acute toxicity evaluation of Tricyclozole 75% WP on earthworms Eisenia fetida
Authors: Aalaysam Vijayalakshmi , Bandugula Venkata Reddy 
Published: May 2017

Earthworms (Eisenia foetida) were exposed to Tricyclozole 75% WP pesticides in an acute earthworm toxicity test as per OECD guideline 207. Four replicates of ten clitellated adult earthworms each were exposed to the concentrations of 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg dry soil. The control artificial soil with acetone and quartz sand had four replicates, with ten earthworms in each replicate. Earthworms were assessed for behavioural effects at 0, 7, and 14 days of exposure, mortality after 7 and 14 days of exposure, and the earthworm biomass was assessed on day 0 and on day 14. The results of the study revealed acute toxicity of Tricyclozole 75% WP to the earthworm Eisenia fetida in artificial soil.
Biogeochemical hotspots: Role of small water bodies in landscape nutrient processing
Authors: Cheng Frederick Y. , Basu Nandita B. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIncreased loading of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from agricultural and urban intensification has led to severe degradation of inland and coastal waters. Lakes, reservoirs, and wetlands (lentic systems) retain these nutrients, thus regulating their delivery to downstream waters. While the processes controlling N and P retention are relatively well‐known, there is a lack of quantitative understanding of how these processes manifest across spatial scales. We synthesized data from 600 lentic systems around the world to gain insight into the relationship between hydrologic and biogeochemical controls on nutrient retention. Our results indicate that the first‐order reaction rate constant, k [T−1], is inversely proportional to the hydraulic residence time, τ [T], across 6 orders of magnitude in residence time for total N, total P, nitrate, and phosphate. We hypothesized that the consistency of the relationship points to a strong hydrologic control on biogeochemical processing, and validated our hypothesis using a sediment‐water model that links major nutrient removal processes with system size. Finally, the k‐τ relationships were upscaled to the landscape scale using a wetland size‐frequency distribution. Results suggest that small wetlands play a disproportionately large role in landscape‐scale nutrient processing—50% of nitrogen removal occurs in wetlands smaller than 102.5 m2 in our example. Thus, given the same loss in wetland area, the nutrient retention potential lost is greater when smaller wetlands are preferentially lost from the landscape. Our study highlights the need for a stronger focus on small lentic systems as major nutrient sinks in the landscape.
Juno/JEDI observations of 0.01 to >10 MeV energetic ions in the Jovian auroral regions: Anticipating a source for polar X‐ray emission
Authors: Haggerty D. K. , Mauk B. H. , Paranicas C. P. , Clark G. , Kollmann P. , Rymer A. M. , Bolton S. J. , Connerney J. E. P. , Levin S. M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAfter a successful orbit insertion, the Juno spacecraft completed its first 53.5 day orbit and entered a very low altitude perijove with the full scientific payload operational for the first time on 27 August 2016. The Jupiter Energetic particle Detector Instrument measured ions and electrons over the auroral regions and through closest approach, with ions measured from ~0.01 to >10 MeV, depending on species. This report focuses on the composition of the energetic ions observed during the first perijove of the Juno mission. Of particular interest are the ions that precipitate from the magnetosphere onto the polar atmosphere and ions that are accelerated locally by Jupiter's powerful auroral processes. We report preliminary findings on the spatial variations, species, including energy and pitch angle distributions throughout the prime science region during the first orbit of the Juno mission. The prime motivation for this work was to examine the heavy ions that are thought to be responsible for the observed polar X‐rays. Jupiter Energetic particle Detector Instrument (JEDI) did observe precipitating heavy ions with energies >10 MeV, but for this perijove the intensities were far below those needed to account for previously observed polar X‐ray emissions. During this survey we also found an unusual signal of ions between oxygen and sulfur. We include here a report on what appears to be a transitory observation of magnesium, or possibly sodium, at MeV energies through closest approach.
Space weather research: Earth's radiation belts
Authors: Lanzerotti Louis J. , Baker Daniel N. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFundamental research on Earth's space radiation environment is essential for the design and the operations of modern technologies—for communications, weather, navigation, and national security—that fly in the hostile space weather conditions above Earth's atmosphere. As the technologies become ever more advanced, more sophisticated understanding—and even predictability—of the environment is required for mission success.
Metal–Organic‐Compound‐Modified MoS2 with Enhanced Solubility for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Dai Ruina , Wang Yangyang , Wang Jie , Deng Xianyu 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMoS2 as a graphene‐like 2 D material shows a large potential to replace and even overcome graphene in various important applications owing to its ideal properties of electrical, optical, frictional, and tunable band gap. However, its low solubility in the most of common solvents makes it difficult to prepare by a simple solution process. Here, we introduce a metal–organic compound to modify MoS2. Phenyl acetylene silver (PAS)‐functionalized MoS2 is easily dispersed in solvents like DMF and water. A conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate) blend with the MoS2 leads to a significant enhancement of the performance of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. The solar cells have a high power conversion efficiency of 16.47 % as well as largely increased stability. This provides a feasible method for large‐scale production of MoS2 for wide applications in various electric devices.