bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Class Based Approach for Utilizing Existing Data to Demonstrate Compliance and Equipment Availability
Authors: Torstensen Are , John Michael 
Published: April 2017

Modern drilling systems have a significant number of sensors already integrated into their design. However, this data is generally underutilized with respect to maintaining class notations or periodic survey activities. Analyzing existing data can yield reductions in non-productive time (NPT) in an era where efficiency is the key to success in offshore exploration and production. A Joint Development Project (JDP) with class, rig operator and equipment vendors was established to understand how data analytics may support class requirements while also increasing availability and reliability through condition based monitoring. This paper describes the approach taken in the JDP and the main findings from this real-world example of data analytics applied to current sensor and logging data
Methods, Procedures, Process: The JDP looked to utilize data from 15,000 sensors onboard a drill ship which generated 36 billion data points from the vessels. The sensor data was combined with unstructured data from operational logs and maintenance records to find ways to demonstrate compliance to class and regulatory requirements via digital techniques. Ultimately this approach could remove the need for calendar based inspections while optimizing preventative maintenance tasks and frequencies, both of which increase equipment availability of drilling systems.
The JDP resulted in several significant deliverables. The first is a draft assurance framework as to how data streams can be used by drilling units to support classification requirements without the need for intrusive inspections. The second delivery was a data quality assessment report to demonstrate how data quality can be measured and ensure that there is high confidence in alternative compliance approaches. The third delivery was an optimized preventative maintenance based on analytics of the existing data streams. The fourth deliverable involved creating "Big Data" analytic models (i.e., machine learning) for anomaly detection and failure mitigation.
The JDP demonstrated that data analytics on existing data streams can be used to demonstrate compliance with classification survey requirements and increase availability. An assurance process for data quality creates trust in the analytics before important decisions about inspections and maintenance are made. This is especially true for safety critical systems where machine learning models may be used to mitigate and address reliability issues. This paper describes the approach taken in the JDP and the main findings from this real-world example of data analytics applied to current sensor and logging data.
The project's major novel development issues were the development of an assurance framework, data quality assessment framework and an approach on how sensor based information can be used in this context classification. The use and treatment of sensor data in general is on the exploratory level and leading edge of such applications in the industry.
Offshore Standardization Process and Criteria Development for EPC Project
Authors: Lee Hoseong Daniel , Son Jin-Seong , Kim In-Ho , Jeong Hak-Nam 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The Offshore Standardization JIP has been progressed with input from participants representing shipyards, oil and gas companies, engineering companies and classification societies. The goal of the JIP is to develop offshore design standards that help to improve safety and increase efficiency. The scope of work includes developing processes and criteria for bulk materials and equipment packages, construction procedures and quality management.
The standard specifications have been developed for the selected components to reduce the construction cost and increase predictability without compromising safety by carrying out a gap analysis among local regulations, industry standards and major offshore project specifications. For verification of the standard specification, risk assessment of the standardized items is performed to identify the critical issues, and business case studies have been performed to evaluate design and construction consequences of the standardization.
The standardization process includes item selection based on project execution risk assessment and lessons learned. The gap analysis has been performed to the various project specifications and compliance to local and global regulations, and class requirement on offshore structures have been reviewed. The applicable criteria for standardization focus on cost, weight, construction efficiency, compatibility, safety requirement and operational maintenance.
The standard specifications for bulk materials, welding procedure qualifications, inspection requirements have been performed for industrial application on EPC project. Proposed standard specifications have been reviewed with feedback process by a technical advisory group within the JIP that is made up of oil and gas and engineering companies. The proposed specifications are accepted by industry as appropriate and will become a guideline for reducing construction cost and inspection time and improving safety and quality through efficient procurement and project management.
Application of Gas Industrial Technologies Offshore
Authors: Saavedra Carlos G. 
Published: April 2017

Present an Overview of Available Options for Gas Monetization Offshore at the "OTC Houston 2017" Conference.
The ups and downs of the gas prices associated to the oil glut and the increasing strength of the environmental regulations, the adherence to green aspects of daily living, drastic changes in the world weather due to global warming and the growing respect of nature, make increasingly more difficult, less friendly and less convenient to flare. This presents a big challenge and an opportunity to increase the study and design activities for implementation of alternative gas utilization processes for application onshore and offshore, with particular interest in the later, especially in remote locations of the world. Gas reinjection and transportation by pipelines are the main methods of gas handling as flaring is opposed by governments and the civil society. Reinjection is costly and not always needed and pipelines for long distances could become uneconomical.

The alternative gas handling methods to be summarized in this paper will be floating Liquefied Natural Gas (FLNG), Floating Gas To Liquids (FGTL), floating Methanol (FML), other gas conversion processes and Floating Power Generation or Gas to Wire (FGTW), addressing technologies and processes other than the traditional options, which would enhance the feasibility and enable oil and gas projects in remote areas. This paper will briefly indicate various other alternatives such as Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), Gas-to-Hydrates (GTH), and Gas to ammonia/methanol/DME but will not be formally presented. An evaluation will be made of the gas handling alternatives with regards to: feasibility for remote areas, the technology readiness level (TRL), relative footprint, weights and CAPEX for each alternative.

Several of the options would allow the gas to be transformed into a liquid that could be transported by ship or even spiked into the crude oil for transportation. The transportability of the alternative products in remote areas could alleviate overcoming the challenging distances to the ultimate markets. Other options would allow monetizing the gas at site providing useful product consumption by nearby projects, e.g. GTW or GTL. The paper will describe the value chain of each alternative and describe it including existing and near term applications, technologies utilized, current efforts to improve, highlighting how the project could be enhanced or even enabled.

The necessary further work to bring the technology to fruition will be discussed along with an overview of the current and future gas handling options; a comprehensive evaluation of the TRL, harsh environment inland and offshore cost and impact on projects; and recommended gas handling alternatives for proposed projects.
Acute Ankle Sprain in a Mouse Model: Changes in Knee-Joint Space
Authors: Hubbard-Turner Tricia , Wikstrom Erik A. , Guderian Sophie , Turner Michael J. 
Published: April 2017

Context:
Ankle sprains remain the most common orthopaedic injury. Conducting long-term studies in humans is difficult and costly, so the long-term consequences of an ankle sprain are not entirely known.

Objective:
To measure knee-joint space after a single surgically induced ankle sprain in mice.

Design:
Randomized controlled trial.

Setting:
University research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Thirty male mice (CBA/2J) were randomly placed into 1 of 3 surgical groups: the transected calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) group, the transected anterior talofibular ligament/CFL group, or a sham treatment group. The right ankle was operated on in all mice.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Three days after surgery, all of the mice were individually housed in cages containing a solid-surface running wheel, and daily running-wheel measurements were recorded. Before surgery and every 6 weeks after surgery, a diagnostic ultrasound was used to measure medial and lateral knee-joint space in both hind limbs.

Results:
Right medial (P = .003), right lateral (P = .002), left medial (P = .03), and left lateral (P = .002) knee-joint spaces decreased across the life span. The mice in the anterior talofibular ligament/CFL group had decreased right medial (P = .004) joint space compared with the sham and CFL groups starting at 24 weeks of age and continuing throughout the life span. No differences occurred in contralateral knee-joint degeneration among any of the groups.

Conclusions:
Based on current data, mice that sustained a surgically induced severe ankle sprain developed greater joint degeneration in the ipsilateral knee. Knee degeneration could result from accommodation to the laxity of the ankle or biomechanical alterations secondary to ankle instability. A single surgically induced ankle sprain could significantly affect knee-joint function.
The causes and nature of the June 2016 protests in the city of Tshwane: A practical theological reflection
Authors: Kgatle Mookgo S. 
Published: April 2017

South Africa has recently experienced a series of public protests. The common element is that violence is becoming evident in these protests. This article uses the June 2016 protests in the city of Tshwane as an example to address the root causes of such protests. On 20 June 2016, the African National Congress (ANC) announced that the city of Tshwane mayoral candidate for the 3 August 2016 municipal elections in South Africa is the former public works minister and ANC National Executive Committee member, Thoko Didiza. Consequently, public protests in the city of Tshwane emerged immediately after this announcement. These public protests were very violent, such as protesters killed one another, burned buses, looted shops and barricaded roads. The root causes of these violent protests are identified as factionalism, tribalism, sexism, economic exclusion and patronage politics. The purpose of this article is a practical theological reflection on the root causes of June 2016 protests in the city of Tshwane. The main aim of this article is a practical theological solution to the general problem of violent protests.
Disseminated cutaneous histoplasmosis with laryngeal involvement in a setting of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
Authors: Sacoor Mohamed F. 
Published: April 2017

Introduction: Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. We report a case of disseminated cutaneous histoplasmosis with mucocutaneous involvement in an AIDS patient paradigmatic of the multifaceted nature of the disease, which is an expression of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).Patient presentation: A 39-year-old man presented with a three month history of asymptomatic papules and nodules with necrotic centres involving the centrofacial region. The patient was diagnosed as being HIV-positive a month earlier and was commenced on antiretroviral treatment. Two weeks after the development of skin lesions, the patient complained of a sore throat and hoarseness of his voice. A fibre-optic laryngoscopy and biopsies of the skin, larynx and liver were performed.Management and outcome: The CD4 counts increased from 2 cells/µL to 124 cells/µL, whereas the viral load decreased from one million to less than 20 copies/mL. A fibre-optic laryngoscopy revealed a supraglottitis with ulceration on the epiglottis. Histology of the liver, larynx and sections of the skin demonstrated pandermal necrotising granulomatous inflammation. Grocott-Gomori methenamine silver and Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) stains revealed a relative paucity of intracellular, narrow-neck budding fungal organisms. Culture findings confirmed the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. The patient was treated with intravenous amphotericin B for two weeks followed by oral itraconazole 100 mg twice a day, with an excellent response to treatment.Conclusion: We present this case to remind clinicians that disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS patients may occur as an expression of IRIS. A sudden onset of hoarseness with cutaneous lesions in a patient with disseminated disease should alert one to possible laryngeal histoplasmosis. Prompt recognition and treatment will avert the potential fatal complications of this disease.
Projective Plane Bundles Over an Elliptic Curve
Authors: Takahashi Tomokuni 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe calculate the dimension of cohomology groups for the holomorphic tangent bundles of each isomorphism class of the projective plane bundle over an elliptic curve. As an application, we construct the families of projective plane bundles, and prove that the families are effectively parametrized and complete.
Morphological study of prostate in different age groups of Indian population
Authors: Kayalvizhi I. , Bhoria S. , Khanagwal V. , Narayan R. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Introduction: The prostate is a pyramidal shaped, fibromuscular glandular organ which surrounds the prostatic urethra. Three pathologic processes affect the prostate gland: Inflammation, Benign prostatic (Nodular) hyperplasia, and tumours. Of these three, the benign nodular hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma are prevalent worldwide. Main treatment for both the above mentioned condition till date is surgical extraction of the prostate. A clear concept is required about the morphological features and measurements of prostate as it will play a major role in defining the disease and for the diagnosis. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy utilizing 50 samples of human prostate, age ranging from 10 to 80 years. The various morphological parameters studied were length, transverse diameter, antero-posterior diameter and weight of prostate. Results: The lowest and highest mean value were 1.76-2.79 cm; 3.35-4.04 cm; 1.65-2.30 cm and 16.8-26.6 gm for length, transverse diameter, antero-posterior diameter and weight respectively. Statistical measurements included mean, standard deviation, range and correlation coeficients of different parameters. Conclusions: Length and transverse diameter of prostate were maximum in the American population, Antero-Posterior diameter was maximum for Bangladeshi and weight was found maximum in Indian population.
Distribution and presentation of Lyme borreliosis in Scotland – analysis of data from a national testing laboratory
Authors: Mavin S , Watson EJ , Evans R 
Published: April 2017

This study examines the distribution of laboratory-confirmed cases of Lyme borreliosis in Scotland and the clinical spectrum of presentations within NHS Highland. Methods General demographic data (age/sex/referring Health Board) from all cases of Lyme borreliosis serologically confirmed by the National Lyme Borreliosis Testing Laboratory from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2013 were analysed. Clinical features of confirmed cases were ascertained from questionnaires sent to referring clinicians within NHS Highland during the study period. Results The number of laboratory-confirmed cases of Lyme borreliosis in Scotland peaked at 440 in 2010. From 2008 to 2013 the estimated average annual incidence was 6.8 per 100,000 (44.1 per 100,000 in NHS Highland). Of 594 questionnaires from NHS Highland patients: 76% had clinically confirmed Lyme borreliosis; 48% erythema migrans; 17% rash, 25% joint, 15% neurological and 1% cardiac symptoms. Only 61% could recall a tick bite. Conclusion The incidence of Lyme borreliosis may be stabilising in Scotland but NHS Highland remains an area of high incidence. Lyme borreliosis should be considered in symptomatic patients that have had exposure to ticks and not just those with a definite tick bite.
Utility and prevalence of imaging for underlying cancer in unprovoked pulmonary embolism
Authors: Homewood R , Medford ARL 
Published: April 2017

Current guidelines state that patients over 40 years of age with a first unprovoked pulmonary embolism should be offered limited screening for possible cancer and considered for intensive screening (abdomino-pelvic computed tomography and mammography), despite no evidence for the latter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility and cost of intensive screening in routine clinical practice. Methods All patients diagnosed with a first unprovoked pulmonary embolism between January 2014 and June 2014 in a single large UK teaching hospital were included. The information management department searched for patients with an International Classification of Diseases 10 discharge diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and limited to ‘acute pulmonary embolism with/without cor pulmonale'. Only patients with unprovoked pulmonary embolism were included. Patients with chronic medical conditions predisposing to pulmonary embolism were excluded. NHS costs were obtained from the Trust Finance Department. These costs were used to generate the costs of limited versus intensive screening, and then scaled up using adult population census information and assuming the same incidence of idiopathic pulmonary embolism to estimate the annual NHS cost of intensive screening. Results Ninety-two patients were diagnosed with pulmonary embolism, and 25 met the inclusion criteria. Clinical examination was often incomplete (84%). Limited screening was often missed (urinalysis 100%, serum calcium 64%). Intensive screening was performed in the majority of cases (68%, all abdomino-pelvic computed tomography with no cancer detected) with an £88 excess cost per patient. Conclusion Intensive screening in first unprovoked pulmonary embolism has a low yield, is costly and should not replace thorough clinical examination and basic screening.
A retrospective study of seven-day consultant working: Reductions in mortality and length of stay
Authors: Leong KS , Titman A , Brown M , Powell R , Moore E , Bowen-Jones D 
Published: April 2017

Weekend admission is associated with higher in-hospital mortality than weekday admission. Whether providing enhanced weekend staffing for acute medical inpatient services reduces mortality or length of stay is unknown Methods This paper describes a retrospective analysis of in-hospital mortality and length of stay before and after introduction of an enhanced, consultant-led weekend service in acute medicine in November 2012. In-hospital mortality was compared for matching admission calendar months before and after introduction of the new service, adjusted for case volume. Length of stay and 30-day post-discharge mortality were also compared; illness severity of patients admitted was assessed by cross-sectional acuity audits. Results Admission numbers increased from 6,304 (November 2011–July 2012) to 7,382 (November 2012–July 2013), with no change in acuity score in elderly medical patients but a small fall in younger patients. At the same time, however, a 57% increase in early-warning score triggered calls was seen in 2013 (410 calls vs 262 calls in 2012; p<0.01). Seven-day consultant working was associated with a reduction in in-hospital mortality from 11.4% to 8.8% (p<0.001). Mortality within 30 days of discharge fell from 2.4% to 2.0% (p=0.12). Length of stay fell by 1.9 days (95% CI 1.1–2.7; p=0.004) for elderly medicine wards and by 1.7 days (95% CI 0.8–2.6; p=0.008) for medical wards. Weekend discharges increased from general medical wards (from 13.6% to 18.8%, p<0.001) but did not increase from elderly medicine wards. Conclusions Introduction of an enhanced, consultant-led model of working at weekends was associated with reduced in-hospital and 30-day post discharge mortality rates as well as reduced length of stay. These results require confirmation in rigorously designed prospective studies.
Ku Klux Kasserole and Strange Fruit Pies: A Shouting Match at the Border in Cyberspace
Authors: Bock Sheila 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Twitter users’ responses to the 2013 Paula Deen “N-word” scandal offer a rich site for examining how racial dynamics shape collective performances in digital spaces. Focusing on the tweets inspired by the #PaulasBestDishes hashtag, this article first shows how these vernacular forms of expression playfully engaged with Deen’s image system in order to speak back to the broader cultural discourses around racism in the present day. Second, it examines how the complex racial dynamics in the United States informed not only the content, but also the social context of these tweets, attending specifically to how differential identity served as the social base of this collective digital performance. Ultimately, this article identifies new avenues of inquiry for gaining a greater understanding of the dynamics of digital performance within a cultural context shaped by social difference and ongoing racial tensions.
A Lesson in Presenting: The Smithsonian Folklife Festival Model
Authors: Cadaval Olivia 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This essay addresses issues of framing, first voice, and authority in presenting culture in public programs. It examines a cultural presentation at the First Americans Festival inaugurating the Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian and the manner in which a “presented” artist appropriated the presenter’s role for dialoguing with the visitors about who they were and what they did.
Folk Literature and the Invention of Tradition: The Case of the Barzaz Breiz
Authors: Badone Ellen 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Since its publication in 1839, the Barzaz Breiz has influenced the development of nationalism, folklore studies, and ethnography in Brittany. Presented originally as a collection of oral ballads, the work was later shown to consist of composite texts subject to extensive rewriting. As with the Kinder- und Hausmärchen and Poems of Ossian, the authenticity of the Barzaz Breiz has been the subject of extensive scholarly controversy, particularly within France. This paper summarizes the history of scholarship about the Barzaz Breiz and argues that it is best understood as a key element in the ongoing construction of Breton identity.
Current and Future Treatment Options for Narcolepsy: A Review
Authors: Bhattarai Jackie , Sumerall Scott 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNarcolepsy is a chronic neurological sleep disorder with potentially disabling symptoms ranging from occupational concerns to mental health difficulties. Recent advances related to the neurobiological basis of narcolepsy have led to newer pharmacological treatment options and adjunctive behavioral techniques that support symptom management. This article outlines evidence-based pharmacologic therapies, behavioral techniques, and psychosocial costs related to narcolepsy. Psychosocial factors, although frequently acknowledged, deserve further attention and awareness from researchers and providers. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine's (AASM) Quality Measure Drivers and potential future treatment options are also discussed.