bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Evidence for Roles of Yeast Mitotic Cyclins at Single-Stranded Gaps Created by DNA Replication
Authors: Signon Laurence 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPaused or stalled replication forks are major threats to genome integrity; unraveling the complex pathways that contribute to fork stability and restart is crucial. Experimentally, fork stalling is induced by growing the cells in presence of hydroxyurea (HU), which depletes the pool of deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) and slows down replication progression in yeast. Here, I report an epistasis analysis, based on sensitivity to HU, between CLB2, the principal mitotic cyclin gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and genes involved in fork stability and recombination. clb2Δ cells are not sensitive to HU, but the strong synergistic effect of clb2Δ with most genes tested indicates, unexpectedly, that CLB2 has an important role in DNA replication, in the stability and restart of stalled forks, and in pathways dependent on and independent of homologous recombination. Results indicate that CLB2 functions in parallel with the SGS1 helicase and EXO1 exonuclease to allow proper Rad51 recombination, but also regulates a combined Sgs1–Exo1 activity in a pathway dependent on Mec1 and Rad53 checkpoint protein kinases. The data argue that Mec1 regulates Clb2 to prevent a deleterious Sgs1–Exo1 activity at paused or stalled forks, whereas Rad53 checkpoint activation regulates Clb2 to allow a necessary Sgs1–Exo1 activity at stalled or collapsed forks. Altogether, this study indicates that Clb2 regulates the activity of numerous nucleases at single-stranded gaps created by DNA replication. A model is proposed for the function and regulation of Clb2 at stalled forks. These data provide new perspectives on the role of mitotic cyclins at the end of S phase.
Age at Menarche, Depression, and Antisocial Behavior in Adulthood
Authors: Mendle Jane , Ryan Rebecca M. , McKone Kirsten M. P. 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND:
Early pubertal timing in girls is one of the best-replicated antecedents of a range of mental health problems during adolescence, but few researchers have examined the duration of these effects.

METHODS:
We leverage a nationally representative sample (N = 7802 women) managed prospectively from adolescence over a period of ∼14 years to examine associations of age at menarche with depressive symptoms and antisocial behaviors in adulthood.

RESULTS:
Earlier ages at menarche were associated with higher rates of both depressive symptoms and antisocial behaviors in early-middle adulthood largely because difficulties that started in adolescence did not attenuate over time.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings indicate that the emotional sequelae of puberty extend further than documented in previous research, and suggest that earlier development may place girls on a life path from which it may be difficult to deviate. The American Academy of Pediatrics already provides guidelines for identifying and working with patients with early pubertal timing. Pediatricians and adolescent health care providers should also be attuned to early maturers’ elevated mental health risk and sensitive to the potential duration of changes in mental health that begin at puberty.
A primeira pessoa do plural em Santa Leopoldina/ES: correlação entre alternância e concordância
Authors: Foeger Camila Candeias , Yacovenco Lilian Coutinho , Scherre Maria Marta Pereira 
Published: December 2017

Analisamos, sob o prisma da Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 2008 [1972]), dois fenômenos relativos à primeira pessoa do plural: a alternância nós/a gente e a concordância com o sujeito nós. Focalizamos o papel das variáveis linguísticas tempo verbal e saliência fônica e, também, faixa etária e interação com o entrevistador. O corpus compõe-se por 32 entrevistas tipicamente labovianas (LABOV, 2008 [1972]), pertencentes à Amostra do Português Falado na Zona Rural de Santa Leopoldina/ES. Para a quantificação dos dados, utilizamos o programa GoldVarb X (SANKOFF; TAGLIAMONTE; SMITH, 2005). Verificamos que implementação de a gente é favorecida em contextos de “fuga à não concordância”. Destacamos que (1) nós é favorecido em contextos em que há ambiguidade entre presente e pretérito perfeito: nos casos de não concordância, o morfema -mos marca o pretérito perfeito e ausência de -mos marca o presente; (2) verbos menos salientes favorecem a gente ou a ausência de concordância com nós; (3) homens de 26 a 49 anos são os que mais usam a gente; (4) o uso de nós é mais frequente quando a interação é com a entrevistadora natural da comunidade.
Clíticos dativos em cartas pessoais do Ceará do século XX
Authors: Araújo Francisco Jardes Nobre de , Carvalho Hebe Macedo de 
Published: December 2017

O artigo analisa a alternância dos pronomes ‘te’ e ‘lhe’ como oblíquos dativos de 2ª pessoa em cartas pessoais cearenses, escritas durante o século XX, tendo como pressupostos teórico-metodológicos a Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 1972, 1994) e os princípios gerais da Sociolinguística Histórica (CONDE SILVESTRE, 2007). A amostra analisada compõe-se de 186 cartas pessoais escritas por cearenses. Na análise da variação, considera-se a atuação dos grupos de fatores tipo semântico do verbo; estrutura do verbo da oração; posição do clítico na oração e as variáveis extralinguísticas década em que as cartas foram escritas e sexo do remetente. Como ferramenta para mensuração dos dados, utilizou-se o programa computacional GoldVarb X (SANKOFF; TAGLIAMONTE; SMITH, 2005). Concluiu-se que, nas cartas da amostra, a forma mais frequente foi ‘lhe’, que a posição do pronome tem forte influência sobre a escolha do clítico e que a variação ‘te’~‘lhe’ se mostra estável ao longo do século XX na variedade do português usada na escrita de cearenses, não sinalizando, portanto, para uma futura mudança com predomínio de uma das duas formas.
Gambling and family: A two-way relationship
Authors: Subramaniam Mythily , Chong Siow Ann , Satghare Pratika , Browning Colette J. , Thomas Shane 
Published: December 2017

Background and aims
Families play an important role in the evolution of gambling and are also adversely affected by the disordered gambling of any one of their members. The aims of this study were to explore both the role families play in gambling initiation, maintenance, and help-seeking, and the harm caused to families by the gambling behavior using a qualitative approach.

Methods
Regular older adult gamblers were included in the study. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 older adults to gain an understanding of gambling from their perspective. Older adult gamblers described their lived experience of gambling ranging from initiation to harm and attempts to cut down or limit gambling. Data were analyzed using thematic network analysis.

Results
The mean age of the 25 participants was 66.2 years. The majority were male (n = 18), of Chinese ethnicity (n = 16), had secondary education (n = 9), were married (n = 20), and currently employed (n = 15). Four organizing themes related to the role of families in initiation and maintenance of gambling, harm caused to family members, and their role in help-seeking were identified.

Discussion and conclusions
The study emphasizes the role of Asian families in both initiation and maintenance of gambling. Hence, families must be involved in prevention and outreach programs. Family members must be educated, so that they can encourage help-seeking to ensure early treatment and recovery. There is a need for interventional studies for reducing stress and improving coping among family members.
Post-transplantation morphological and functional changes in kidneys from expanded criteria donors
Authors: Borda B , Németh T , Ottlakan A , Keresztes C , Kemény É , Lázár G 
Published: December 2017

Introduction
Despite an increase in the number of cadaver donors and overall organ transplantations, the dramatic increase in the waiting list makes it necessary to reconsider donor criteria. The authors wanted to examine whether differences could exist in the function and/or morphology of transplanted kidneys originated from expanded criteria donors (ECDs) and ideal donors 1 and 5 years after transplantation.

Methods
Kidney function and histopathologic findings were analyzed and compared 1 and 5 years after transplantation in 97 patients having ECD kidneys and in 178 patients who received ideal donor kidneys (IDK).

Results
Serum creatinine level was significantly higher (p = 0.001) and estimated glomerular filtration rate was significantly lower (p = 0.003) in patients having ECD kidneys as compared with those with IDK 5 years after transplantation. Morphological changes in the transplanted kidneys, such as tubulitis (p = 0.025) and interstitial inflammation (p = 0.002), were significantly more frequently present in patients with ECD kidneys than in those with IDK 1 year after transplantation.

Conclusion
Despite an absence of differences in kidney function 1 year after kidney transplantation between patients having ECD and IDK, morphological differences in the transplanted kidneys can be detected between the two groups of patients.
Biochemical status, oxidative and antioxidant responses after 3-month specific training in elite karate athletes
Authors: Jemili H , Mejri MA , Bouhlel E , Amri M 
Published: December 2017

Aim
To investigate the effects of 3-month-long specific training program on biochemical status, oxidative and antioxidant responses in elite karatekas.

Methods
Twenty male karatekas [BMI: 21.9 ± 2.4 (kg/m2)] participated in this study. They performed a 3-month specific training to prepare for an international competition. We measured selected biochemical parameters, the oxidative and antioxidant responses before (T0) and after 3 months of intense karate training (T1).

Results

We found significant increases in catalase activity (26.3% ± 21.3%, p < 0.0005), superoxide dismutase activity (15.9% ± 28.8%, p < 0.05), and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels (17.2% ± 13.7%, p < 0.0005) after 3 months of karate training. Moreover, the athletes’ biochemical status was significantly improved at T1 compared with T0 (for the majority of parameters, p < 0.0005).

Conclusions
The specific training program improves the prooxidant–antioxidant balance of elite karate athletes. It could be recommended for athletes having similar physical fitness level.
Активное обучение как условие формирования образовательного пространства организации среднего профессионального образования
Authors: Гущина Елена Валентиновна 
Published: December 2017

В статье рассматривается проблема выбора активных методов и технологий обучения, обеспечивающих процесс формирования у студентов профессиональных компетенций в учреждении среднего профессионального образования. На опыте колледжа Московского гуманитарного университета представлена модель формирования образовательного пространства с использованием в учебном процессе активных и интерактивных форм обучения.
Evaluation of RIPASA score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: Bhatnagar Shubhi P. , Chavan Shahaji 
Published: December 2017

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies. Despite being a common problem, it remains a difficult diagnosis to establish, particularly among the young, the elderly and females of reproductive age. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of RIPASA score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Methods: In this cross sectional comparative study, 100 cases of pain in the right iliac fossa were admitted and evaluated clinically. RIPASA score was calculated for all. Ultrasound (USG) of abdomen and pelvis was done. A positive RIPASA score or USG finding was the criteria for open appendicectomy. The postoperative histopathological reports were compared with the RIPASA scores.Results: RIPASA score was positive in 90% cases. Histopathologically, appendicitis was present in 99% cases. One case of normal appendix histopathologically had a lower RIPASA score. This indicated that RIPASA score could correctly diagnose acute appendicitis in 90% cases.Conclusions: RIPASA score is an efficient score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. As compared with ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis, the RIPASA score is more diagnostic in cases of acute appendicitis. Negative findings of acute appendicitis on ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis are not the diagnostic test to rule out appendicitis.
Stapled hemorrhoidopexy versus Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy: a paradigm shift in the management of 3rd and 4th degree hemorrhoids
Authors: Panigrahi Sudhir Kumar , Behera Chinmaya Ranjan , Mishra Subrajit , Kanungo Abinash 
Published: December 2017

Background: Hemorrhoids being a common anorectal problem with its well known morbidity and complications is treated since long by conservative measures, injection sclerotherapy or rubber banding for 1st and 2nd degree and by open Miligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy or closed Fergusson hemorrhoidectomy for 3rd and 4th degree. However, since 1998, the adoption of Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy has proved over time to be a better alternative in terms of lesser postoperative complication and an overall patient satisfaction.Methods: A prospective study conducted on 114 patients at Department of General Surgery, Kalinga institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha from May 2014 to December 2016.Results: Our study showed stapled hemorrhoidopexy, significantly reduced the time taken for the operative procedure (p <0.001), post operative pain (p <0.01), hospital stay along with early return to work and a better patient satisfaction.Conclusions: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy is an effective alternative to open Miligan-Morgan procedure in treating 3rd and 4th degree hemorrhoids, in terms of lesser time taken for the operative procedure, post operative pain, use of analgesics, hospital stay and early return to work, better post operative patient’s satisfaction and reduced procedure related complication.
A clinical study of non-diabetic soft tissue infections: risk factors for mortality and morbidity
Authors: Muthusami Anitha , Krishnaswamy Jawahar , Sattar Reshma 
Published: December 2017

Background: Non-diabetic soft tissue infection is the infection of the soft tissue in a non-diabetic patient. It is rare, but results in high mortality. The aim of the study was to establish a scoring system to predict the outcome of a patient with non-diabetic soft tissue limb infection at the time of admission and to determine the factors which increase the morbidity of a patient with non-diabetic soft tissue limb infection as determined by number of days of hospital stay or limb loss or death of the patient.Methods: Clinical and laboratory details of 200 cases of non-diabetic soft tissue infections of the lower limb were retrospectively analyzed statistically, using pearson's chi square test for comparison of proportions with respect to mortality, fisher's exact test, logistic regression analysis were expressed using beta coefficient values, odds ratios. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 12.Results: Two hundred patients records were reviewed. 121 patients (60%) were males and 79 (40%) were females. Mean age was 52.5 years ranging from 14 to 91 years. Forty-six patients underwent conservative treatment, 111 patients underwent debridement and 43 patients underwent amputation. Increasing age were the risk factor associated with mortality in non-diabetic soft tissue infections that were statistically significant.Conclusions: Non-diabetic soft tissue infections still lead to high mortality and morbidity despite the use of appropriate conservative treatment, aggressive debridement, resuscitation and amputation. In this series, there is high mortality associated with increasing age.
A comparison of Lichtenstein repair versus posterior wall repair plus mesh repair for direct inguinal hernias
Authors: Goel Anubhav , Bansal Ankur , Kumar Dipt , Pathak Abhishek 
Published: December 2017

Background: Lichtenstein’s tension free mesh repair is the most commonly performed in open inguinal hernias. The present study was done by comparing Lichtenstein Repair (LR) v/s posterior wall repair (PR)+ Lichtenstein repair (LR) of direct Inguinal Hernias to compare the technique of both surgeries and its outcome like postoperative complications and recurrence rate.Methods: This study was conducted in SNMC Agra where patients of unilateral male direct inguinal hernia were included. A total of 60 patients were taken and divided into two groups (A and B) randomly of 30 each. In group A patients were operated by LR and in group B patients were operated by PR+LR and followed up for a period of six months. The outcomes of the both techniques were compared.Results: Mean age was 48.3 years in group A and 49.5 in group B. The mean duration of surgery for group A is around 29.34 min and group B is 46.28 min which was significant. The pain was not statistically significant in both groups on day 1 and 3. There was 1 (3.3%) recurrence in group A and no recurrence in group B. Post-operative complications were similar in both groups.Conclusions: LR+PR were comparatively better than only LR in all direct inguinal hernias because of low recurrence rate (0%).
A comparative study of open cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with cholelithiasis
Authors: Singh Pramod , Gupta Sumit Kumar , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: December 2017

Background: Cholelithiasis is a major cause of morbidity among Indians with a female preponderance. Most of the cases of gallstones are asymptomatic. For a long time, open cholecystectomy (OC) used to be the surgical treatment for cholelithiasis. But with the advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) there has been a gradual shift in the treatment with most surgeons preferring LC over OC. Apart from the benefits of decreased hospital stay, lesser postoperative pain and earlier return to normal activity LC are also cosmetically better as compared to OC. Longer operative time and increased incidence of biliary leakage are some pitfalls of LC in initial phase of surgical practice.Methods: A prospective study of 100 patients was carried out in the department of surgery in IQ city medical college and Durgapur city hospital, Durgapur between January 2017 and August 2017 with the aim of comparing open cholecystectomy with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups. Group A consisted of patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery while Group B patients underwent open surgery for cholelithiasis.Results: Duration of surgery was longer in OC than LC (72.4min versus 44.7min.). Mean duration of post-operative pain was 18.3hrs in group A as compared to mean duration of 30.7hrs in group B patients. The mean period of post-operative hospital stay was 1.8 days in group A and 4.8 days in group B. Post-operative resumption of normal diet was possible in 2.1 days in OC while it took lesser time (1.2 days) in LC. The rate of surgical site infection was higher in OC as compared to LC.Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be recommended as first choice operative treatment for patients with cholelithiasis as it provides better cosmetic results, lesser pain, lesser post-operative hospital stay and fewer incidence of surgical site infection.
Deep venous thrombosis after major abdominal surgeries: a tertiary level centre study
Authors: Kuttanchettiyar Krishnakumar G. , Chisthi Meer M. 
Published: December 2017

Background: Deep venous thrombo-embolism is a proven major complication in the postoperative setup among the western population. Hence specific guidelines exist on thrombo-prophylaxis for surgical patients. The limited number of studies available on the Indian patients do not provide conclusive data regarding the incidence of postoperative thrombo-embolism. Also, Indian patients are not routinely given prophylactic anticoagulants in many settings still now. In this research, we studied the incidence of deep venous thrombosis among patients who underwent major abdominal surgeries, over a period of 2 years.Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was done on patients who underwent any sort of major abdominal surgery from the surgical wards of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, for 2 years. This data was used to analyses the incidence of and factors related to postoperative deep venous thrombo-embolism.Results: We studied a total of 334 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Among these patients, only 1.19% developed deep venous thrombosis during the post-operative period. Since no guidelines existed regarding the usage of thrombo-prophylaxis during that period, very few patients were found to have used any of the prophylactic measures.Conclusions: The incidence of postoperative deep venous thrombosis is not very high in the Indian population after major abdominal surgeries. This might be due to the relatively low prevalence of hyper-coagulable states in the community itself. As a corollary, routine chemical prophylaxis might be administered only in high risk patients. Other measures like early ambulation and mechanical prophylaxis might be used in patients with lesser risk.
Complicated appendicitis: experience from central region of Ghana
Authors: Rahman Ganiyu A. , Debrah Samuel A. 
Published: December 2017

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical abdominal emergency. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence, presentation and immediate outcome of acute appendicitis in a new teaching hospital in Cape Coast.Methods: All patients who had surgery for acute appendicitis at the central regional Hospital, cape coast from 1st January 2011 to 25th October 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.Results: During the study period five hundred and four emergency surgical operations were performed. Abdominal emergency operations constituted 81.5% of these emergencies (411/504). Seventy-seven patients who had appendicectomy during the period constituted 18.7% of all abdominal emergencies. Seventy-six of the patients had requisite details for analysis and form the basis of this study. Appendicitis was seen more in the second and third decades of life with male preponderance. Thirty-one (40.3%) had complicated appendicitis (perforated/ ruptured appendicitis and gangrenous appendix). Though appendicitis is uncommon in children less than ten years, more than 80% presented with complicated appendicitis. Only 6.6% of patients were 50 years and above and they all presented with complicated appendicitis. In male patient with appendicitis, 33.3% presented with complicated appendicitis while in females, 57.9% presented with complicated appendicitis. Two (2.6%) patients died in the immediate postoperative period. Conclusions: About one out of five patients who had emergency abdominal surgical operation had acute appendicitis with 40% of them presenting with complicated appendicitis. Complicated appendicitis is more common in females, children less than 10 years and patients 50 years and above. Immediate postoperative mortality is associated with ruptured appendix.