bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resting and Exercise Energy Metabolism After Liver Transplantation for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Singhvi Ajay , Sadowsky H. Steven , Cohen Ayelet , Demzik Alysen , VanWagner Lisa , Rinella Mary , Levitsky Josh 
Published: July 2017

Background
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading indication for liver transplantation (LT). We hypothesized that weight gain after LT may be exacerbated by reduced metabolic rates due to the LT procedure, particularly during exercise. We aimed to compare resting and exercise energy expenditure between patients transplanted for NASH and nontransplant nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) subjects.

Methods
NASH LT recipients (>1-year post, n = 14) and NAFLD controls (n = 13) underwent analysis of body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), and exercise energy expenditure (VO2max), the latter using a ramped-Bruce protocol assessed by expired gas analysis and peak heart rate.

Results
Participants were mean 61.5 ± 7.9 years, 48.1% men, and 66.7% white. Baseline comorbidities were similar between groups. Among men, mean REE adjusted for total (17.7 vs 18.8, P = 0.87) and lean body mass (23.5 vs 26.9, P = 0.26), as well as VO2 (20.1 vs 23.9, P = 0.29), was lower in NASH LT recipients compared with NAFLD controls, respectively, although not statistically significant. However, female NASH LT recipients had significantly lower mean REE than NAFLD controls when adjusted for total (14.2 vs 18.9, P = 0.01) and lean body mass (19.3 vs 26.5, P = 0.002), as well as significantly lower VO2max (14.4 vs 20.6, P = 0.017).

Conclusions
NASH LT recipients, particularly women, have lower REE and exercise energy expenditure compared with nontransplant NAFLD patients. More aggressive diet and exercise programs for post-LT NASH recipients to account for reduced resting and exercise metabolic rates may attenuate weight gain in this vulnerable population.
Paraneoplastic neuropathies
Authors: Antoine Jean-Christophe , Camdessanché Jean-Philippe 
Published: July 2017

Purpose of review
To review recent advances in paraneoplastic neuropathies with emphasis on their definition, different forms and therapeutic development.

Recent findings
A strict definition of definite paraneoplastic neuropathies is necessary to avoid confusion. With carcinoma, seronegative sensory neuronopathies and neuronopathies and anti-Hu and anti-CV2/Contactin Response Mediator Protein 5 antibodies are the most frequent. With lymphomas, most neuropathies occur with monoclonal gammopathy including AL amyloidosis, Polyneuropathy-Organomegaly-Endocrinopathy-M component-Skin changes (POEMS) syndrome, type I cryoglobulinemia and antimyelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) neuropathies and Waldenström's disease. Neuropathies improving with tumor treatment are occasional, occur with a variety of cancer and include motor neuron disease, chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy and nerve vasculitis. If antibodies toward intracellular antigens are well characterized, it is not the case for antibodies toward cell membrane proteins. Contactin-associated protein-2 antibodies occur with neuromyotonia and thymoma with the Morvan's syndrome in addition to Netrin 1 receptor antibodies but may not be responsible for peripheral nerve hyperexcitability. The treatment of AL amyloidosis, POEMS syndrome, anti-MAG neuropathy and cryoglobulinemia is now relatively well established. It is not the case with onconeural antibodies for which the rarity of the disorders and a short therapeutic window are limiting factors for the development of clinical trials.

Summary
A strict definition of paraneoplastic neuropathies helps their identification and is necessary to allow an early diagnosis of the underlying tumor.
Electrical Stimulations of the Human Insula: Their Contribution to the Ictal Semiology of Insular Seizures
Authors: Mazzola Laure , Mauguière François , Isnard Jean 
Published: July 2017

Introduction:
Stereotactic stimulations of the insular cortex through intracranial electrodes aim at characterizing the semiology of insular seizures. These stimulations, carried out in the context of Stereo-Electro-Encephalography (SEEG) during presurgical monitoring of epilepsy, reproduce the ictal symptoms observed during the development of insular seizures.

Methods:
The authors reviewed the results of insular stimulations performed in 222 patients admitted between 1997 and 2015 for presurgical SEEG exploration of atypical temporal or perisylvian epilepsy. Stimulations (50 Hz, trains of 5 seconds, pulses of 0.5 ms, intensity 0.2–3.5 mA) were carried out using transopercular electrodes implanted orthogonal to midsagittal plane.

Results:
Out of a total of 669 stimulations, 550 were clinically eloquent in the absence of any postdischarge (237 and 313, respectively, in the right and left insulae). Somatosensory responses (61% of evoked sensations) including pain and visceral sensations (14.9%) were the most frequent, followed by auditory sensations (8%), vestibular illusions (7.5%), speech impairment (5%), gustatory, (2.7%), and olfactory (1%) sensations. Although these responses showed some functional segregation (in particular a privileged pain representation in the postero-superior quadrant), there was a clear spatial overlap between representations of the different modalities.

Conclusions:
Symptoms evoked by insular stimulations are multiple. None of them can be considered as absolutely specific to the insular cortex, but the occurrence in given seizure of a somatosensory symptom such as pain or of a laryngeal spasm associated with vestibular, auditory, aphasic, or olfacto-gustatory symptoms points to a discharge development in the insular cortex, which is the only cortical region where stimulations demonstrate such a multimodal representation.
Plant phenology supports the multi-emergence hypothesis for Ebola spillover events
Authors: Wollenberg Valero Katharina C. , Isokpehi Raphael D. , Douglas Noah E. , Sivasundaram Seenith , Johnson Brianna , Wootson Kiara , McGill Ayana 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEbola virus disease outbreaks in animals (including humans and great apes) start with sporadic host switches from unknown reservoir species. The factors leading to such spillover events are little explored. Filoviridae viruses have a wide range of natural hosts and are unstable once outside hosts. Spillover events, which involve the physical transfer of viral particles across species, could therefore be directly promoted by conditions of host ecology and environment. In this report we outline a proof of concept that temporal fluctuations of a set of ecological and environmental variables describing the dynamics of the host ecosystem are able to predict such events of Ebola virus spillover to humans and animals. We compiled a dataset of climate and plant phenology variables and Ebola virus disease spillovers in humans and animals. We identified critical biotic and abiotic conditions for spillovers via multiple regression and neural networks based time series regression. Phenology variables proved to be overall better predictors than climate variables. African phenology variables are not yet available as a comprehensive online resource. Given the likely importance of phenology for forecasting the likelihood of future Ebola spillover events, our results highlight the need for cost-effective transect surveys to supply phenology data for predictive modelling efforts.
Network simulations of interneuron circuits in the honeybee primary auditory center
Authors: Kumaraswamy Ajayrama , Maksutov Aynur , Kai Kazuki , Ai Hiroyuki , Ikeno Hidetoshi , Wachtler Thomas 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTProcessing of airborne vibration signals in the auditory system is essential for honeybee communication through the waggle dance language. Properties of neurons in the honeybee primary auditory center suggest a circuitry of excitatory and inhibitory neurons encoding these communication signals. To test this assumption, we simulated this network and analyzed the predicted responses for different types of inputs. In particular, we investigated the effect of specific inhibitory connections in the network. The results indicate that the experimentally observed responses of certain interneuron types are compatible with an inhibitory network of vibration processing in the primary auditory center of the honeybee.
In vivoImaging β-cell Function Reveals Two Waves of β-cell Maturation
Authors: Zhao Jia , Zong Weijian , Wu Yi , Shen Jiayu , Gou Dongzhou , Zhao Yiwen , Wu Runlong , Niu Fuzeng , Wang Xu , Zheng Xuan , Wang Aimin , Zhang Yunfeng , Xiong Jing-Wei , Chen Liangyi , Liu Yanmei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe insulin-secreting cells generated from stem cellsin vitroare less glucose responsive than primary β-cells. To search for the missing ingredients that are needed for β-cell maturation, we have longitudinally monitored function of every β-cell in Tg (ins:Rcamp1.07) zebrafish embryos with a newly-invented two-photon light-sheet microscope. We have shown that β-cell maturation begins from the islet mantle and propagates to the islet core during the hatching period, coordinated by the islet vascularization. Lower concentration of glucose is optimal to initiate β-cell maturation, while increased glucose delivery to every cell through microcirculation is required for functional boosting of the β-cells. Both the initiation and the boosting of β-cell maturation demands activation of calcineurin/NFAT by glucose. Calcineurin activator combined with glucose promotes mouse neonatal β-cells culturedin vitroto mature to a functional state similar to adult β-cells, suggesting a new strategy for improving stem cell-derived β-like cell functionin vitro.
Single-cell absolute contact probability detection reveals that chromosomes are organized by multiple, low-frequency yet specific interactions
Authors: Cattoni Diego I. , Cardozo Gizzi Andrés M. , Georgieva Mariya , Di Stefano Marco , Valeri Alessandro , Chamousset Delphine , Houbron Christophe , Déjardin Stephanie , Fiche Jean-Bernard , González Inma , Chang Jia-Ming , Sexton Thomas , Marti-Renom Marc A. , Bantignies Frédéric , Cavalli Giacomo , Nollmann Marcelo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAt the kilo- to mega-base pair scales, eukaryotic genomes are partitioned into self-interacting modules or topologically associated domains (TADs) that associate to form nuclear compartments. Here, we combined high-content super-resolution microscopies with state-of-the-art DNA labeling methods to reveal the variability in the multiscale organization of theDrosophilagenome. We found that association frequencies within TADs and between TAD borders are below ~10%, independently of TAD size, epigenetic state, or cell type. Critically, despite this large heterogeneity, we were able to visualize nanometer-sized epigenetic domains at the single-cell level. In addition, absolute contact frequencies within and between TADs were to a large extent defined by genomic distance, higher-order chromosome architecture, and epigenetic identity. We propose that TADs and compartments are organized by multiple, small frequency, yet specific interactions that are regulated by epigenetics and transcriptional state.
Abelson tyrosine-protein kinase 2 Regulates Myoblast Proliferation and Controls Muscle Fiber Length
Authors: Lee Jennifer Kim , Burden Steven J. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryMuscle fiber length is nearly uniform within a muscle but widely different among muscles. Here, we show that Abelson tyrosine-protein kinase 2 (Abl2) has a key role in regulating myofiber length, as a loss of Abl2 leads to excessively long myofibers in the diaphragm and other muscles. Increased myofiber length is caused by enhanced myoblast proliferation, expanding the pool of available myoblasts and leading to increased myoblast fusion. Abl2 acts in myoblasts, but expansion of the diaphragm muscle causes a reduction in size of the diaphragm central tendon. Replacement of tendon for muscle is likely responsible for the reduced stamina ofabl2mutant mice. Further, ectopic muscle islands, each composed of myofibers of uniform length and orientation, form within the central tendon inabl2+/-mice. Induction ofscleraxisin tendon cells at the ends of these muscle islands suggests that myofibers stimulate tendon differentiation, which in turn regulates myofiber length.
Invasion and migration of spatially self-limiting gene drives: a comparative analysis
Authors: Dhole Sumit , Vella Michael R. , Loyd Alun L. , Gould Fred 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRecent advances in research on gene drives have produced genetic constructs that could theoretically spread a desired gene (payload) into all populations of a species, with a single release in one place. This attribute has advantages, but also comes with risks and ethical concerns. There has been a call for research on gene drive systems that are spatially and/or temporally self-limiting. Here we use a population genetics model to compare the expected characteristics of three spatially self-limiting gene drive systems: one-locus underdominance, two-locus underdominance, and daisy-chain drives. We find large differences between these gene drives in the minimum release size required for successfully driving a payload into a population. The daisy-chain system is the most efficient, requiring the smallest release, followed by the two-locus underdominance system, and then the one-locus underdominance system. However, when the target population exchanges migrants with a non-target population, the gene drives requiring smaller releases suffer from higher risks of unintended spread. For payloads that incur relatively low fitness costs (up to 30%), a simple daisy-chain drive is practically incapable of remaining localized, even with migration rates as low as 0.5% per generation. The two-locus underdominance system can achieve localized spread under a broader range of migration rates and of payload fitness costs, while the one-locus underdominance system largely remains localized. We also find differences in the extent of population alteration and in the permanence of the alteration achieved by the three gene drives. The two-locus underdominance system does not always spread the payload to fixation, even after successful drive, while the daisy-chain system can, for a small set of parameter values, achieve a temporally-limited spread of the payload. These differences could affect the suitability of each gene drive for specific applications.Note:This manuscript has been accepted for publication in the journal Evolutionary Applications and is pending publication. We suggest that any reference to or quotation of this article should be made with this recognition.
CRF1receptor-dependent increases in irritability-like behavior during abstinence from chronic intermittent ethanol vapor exposure
Authors: Kimbrough Adam , de Guglielmo Giordano , Kononoff Jenni , Kallupi Marsida , Zorrilla Eric P. , George Olivier 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn humans, emotional and physical signs of withdrawal from ethanol are commonly seen. Many of these symptoms, including anxiety-like and depression-like behavior, have been characterized in animal models of ethanol dependence. One issue with several current behavioral tests measuring withdrawal in animal models is they are often not repeatable within subjects over time. Additionally, irritability, one of the most common symptoms of ethanol withdrawal in humans, has not been well characterized in animal models. The corticotropinreleasing factor (CRF)-CRF1receptor system has been suggested to be critical for the emergence of anxiety-like behavior in ethanol dependence, but the role of this system in irritability-like behavior has not been characterized.MethodsThe present study compared the effects of chronic intermittent ethanol vapor exposure (CIE)-induced ethanol dependence on irritabilitylike behavior in rats using the bottle-brush test during acute withdrawal and protracted abstinence. Rats were trained to self-administer ethanol in operant chambers and then either left in a nondependent state or made dependent via CIE. Naive, nondependent, and dependent rats were tested for irritability-like behavior in the bottle-brush test 8 h and 2 weeks into abstinence from ethanol. A separate cohort of dependent rats was used to examine the effect of the specific CRF1receptor antagonist R121919 on irritability-like behavior.ResultsDependent rats exhibited escalated ethanol intake compared with their own pre-CIE baseline and nondependent rats. At both time-points of abstinence, ethanol-dependent rats exhibited increased aggressive-like responses compared with naive and nondependent rats. R121919 blocked the increased irritability-like behavior in dependent rats.ConclusionsThe effect of R121919 to block increased irritability-like behavior suggests that CRF plays an important role in this behavior, similar to other negative emotional withdrawal symptoms. Quantifying and understanding the molecular basis of irritability-like behavior may yield new insights into withdrawal from ethanol and other drugs of abuse.
Gated Coupling of Dopamine and Neuropeptide Signaling Underlies Perceptual Processing of Appetitive Odors inDrosophila
Authors: Pu Yuhan , Masserant Palombo Melissa Megan , Zhang Yiwen , Shen Ping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHow olfactory stimuli are perceived as meaningful cues for specific appetitive drives remains poorly understood. Here we show that despite their enormous diversity,Drosophilalarvae can discriminatively respond to food-related odor stimuli based on both qualitative and quantitative properties. Perceptual processing of food scents takes place in a neural circuit comprising four dopamine (DA) neurons and a neuropeptide F (NPF) neuron per brain hemisphere. Furthermore, these DA neurons integrate and compress inputs from second-order olfactory neurons into one-dimensional DA signals, while the downstream NPF neuron assigns appetitive significance to limited DA outputs via a D1-type DA receptor (DoplR1)-mediated gating mechanism. Finally, Dop1R, along with a Gβ13F/Irk2-mediated inhibitory and a Gαs-mediated excitatory pathway, underlie a binary precision tuning apparatus that restricts the excitatory response of NPF neurons to DA inputs that fall within an optimum range. Our findings provide fresh molecular and cellular insights into cognitive processing of olfactory cues.
Candidates’ attractiveness in selection decisions: a laboratory experiment
Authors: Cristofaro Matteo 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
Recruiters in today’s organizations, through social networks, have the opportunity to see a candidate’s overall figure, and from this, they gain a first impression of their personalities which in turn affects their decisions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the biasing role of candidates’ attractiveness – in facial and bodily terms – on perceived main personality features (i.e. core evaluations (CEs)) in selection decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
An experimental study involving professional recruiters (n=150) was conducted. Participants were asked to rate bodily attractiveness (using the objectification construct), CEs, facial attractiveness and hiring scores of six candidates for an administrative position; then, a moderated mediation model was tested.

Findings
This study suggests that recruiters’ perception of candidates’ CEs mediates the relationship between objectification (i.e. body attractiveness) and the assigned hiring score, while facial attractiveness amplifies or reduces the effect of objectification on CEs.

Originality/value
The value added of this contribution lies in studying the biasing mechanism of candidates’ overall attractiveness (facial and bodily) and its effects on the perceived core personality features.
Shall we chat? A statistical case study of chat reference utilization
Authors: Luo Jiebei 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate the performance of a chat reference service implemented at an academic library in a private liberal arts college by gauging its impact on other forms of reference service in terms of usage volume, with a focus on research-related face-to-face reference questions.

Design/methodology/approach
Two statistical methods are used, namely, the difference-in-differences method and a simple moving average time series analysis, to analyze both the short-term and long-term impact brought by chat reference.

Findings
This study finds that the usage volume of the traditional face-to-face reference is significantly affected by chat reference in its first service year. The long-term analysis suggests that chat reference volume displays a significant declining trend (−2.06 per cent academic month) since its implementation. Yet, its usage volume relative to other reference services remains stable over time.

Originality/value
The findings in this case study will be of value to libraries with similar scale and institutional features that are also interested in assessing their chat reference service. In addition, this paper is the first to apply the difference-in-differences approach in the field of library science, and the two statistical methods adopted in this case study can be readily adapted and applied to other similar volume-based library assessment projects.
Misuse of information and privacy issues: understanding the drivers for perceptions of unfairness
Authors: Nguyen Bang , Simkin Lyndon 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study what happens when firms misuse customers’ information and perceptions of unfairness arise because of privacy concerns. It explores a unifying theoretical framework of perceptions of unfairness, explained by the advantaged–disadvantaged (AD) continuum. It integrates the push, pull and mooring (PPM) model of migration for understanding the drivers of unfairness.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is conceptual and develops a theoretical model based on extant research.

Findings
Using the PPM model, the paper explores the effects of information-based marketing tactics on the AD framework in the form of two types of customers. Findings from the review suggest that three variables have a leading direct effect on the AD customers. Traditionally, the fairness literature focuses on price, but findings show that service and communication variables impact customers’ unfairness perceptions. This paper examines the importance of these variables, in the context of an AD framework, to help explain unfairness and consider the implications.

Originality/value
To explain information misuse and unfairness perceptions, the paper develops a unifying theoretical framework of perceptions of unfairness, explained by linking the PPM model of migration with the AD continuum.