bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Market Competition and the Health Composition of Manufactured Food
Authors: Hamilton Stephen F. , Réquillart Vincent 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThere has been surprisingly little research to date on the supply‐side role of food manufacturers on equilibrium health outcomes for consumers. In this letter we consider an oligopoly model in which food processors choose the health composition of manufactured food. We show that price competition between food processors leads to unhealthy food composition in the market equilibrium, even under circumstances in which consumers know food composition is unhealthy. Taxes on manufactured food decrease the healthiness of manufactured foods whenever improved consumer health increases the price elasticity of food demand. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bone‐forming cells with pronounced spread into the third dimension in polymer scaffolds fabricated by two‐photon polymerization
Authors: Heitz J. , Plamadeala C. , Wiesbauer M. , Freudenthaler P. , Wollhofen R. , Jacak J. , Klar T. A. , Magnus B. , Köstner D. , Weth A. , Baumgartner W. , Marksteiner R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe main aim of this work was to stimulate bone‐forming cells to produce three‐dimensional networks of mineralized proteins such as those occurring in bones. This was achieved by a novel approach using a specific type of mesenchymal progenitor cells (i.e., primary fibroblast cells from human hair roots) seeded on to polymer scaffolds. We wrote polymer microstructures with one or more levels of quadratic pores on to a flexible substrate by means of two‐photon polymerization using a Ti‐sapphire femtosecond laser focused into a liquid acrylate‐based resin containing a photoinitiator. Progenitor cells, differentiated into an osteogenic lineage by the use of medium supplemented with biochemical stimuli, can be seeded on to the hydrophilic three‐dimensional scaffolds. Due to confinement to the microstructures and/or mechanical interaction with the scaffold, the cells are stimulated to produce high amounts of calcium‐binding proteins, such as collagen type I, and show an increased activation of the actin cytoskeleton. The best results were obtained for quadratic pore sizes of 35 µm: the pore volumes become almost filled with both cells in close contact with the walls of the structure and with extracellular matrix material produced by the cells. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 891–899, 2017.
PPARα Promotes Cancer Cell Glut1 Transcription Repression
Authors: You Mengli , Jin Jianhua , Liu Qian , Xu QingGang , Shi Juanjuan , Hou Yongzhong 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTAbundant nutrient availability including glucose and amino acids plays an important role in maintaining cancer cell energetic and biosynthetic pathways. As a nuclear receptor, peroxisome‐proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPARα) regulates inflammation and cancer progression, however, it is still unclear the interaction of PPARα with the cancer cell glucose metabolism. Here we found that PPARα reduced Glut1 (Glucose transporter 1) protein and gene levels in HCT‐116, SW480, HeLa, and MCF‐7 cancer cell lines. In contrast, silenced PPARα reversed this event. Further analysis shows that PPARα directly targeted the consensus PPRE motif of Glut1 promoter region resulting in Glut1 transcription repression. PPARα‐mediated Glut1 transcription repression led to decreased influx of glucose in cancer cells. These findings revealed a novel mechanism of PPARα‐mediated cancer cell Glut1 transcription repression. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1556–1562, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coloring Graphs with Constraints on Connectivity
Authors: Aboulker Pierre , Brettell Nick , Havet Frédéric , Marx Dániel , Trotignon Nicolas 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA graph G has maximal local edge‐connectivity k if the maximum number of edge‐disjoint paths between every pair of distinct vertices x and y is at most k. We prove Brooks‐type theorems for k‐connected graphs with maximal local edge‐connectivity k, and for any graph with maximal local edge‐connectivity 3. We also consider several related graph classes defined by constraints on connectivity. In particular, we show that there is a polynomial‐time algorithm that, given a 3‐connected graph G with maximal local connectivity 3, outputs an optimal coloring for G. On the other hand, we prove, for , that k‐colorability is NP‐complete when restricted to minimally k‐connected graphs, and 3‐colorability is NP‐complete when restricted to ‐connected graphs with maximal local connectivity k. Finally, we consider a parameterization of k‐colorability based on the number of vertices of degree at least , and prove that, even when k is part of the input, the corresponding parameterized problem is FPT.
Antichaperone activity and heme degradation effect of methyl tert‐butyl ether (MTBE) on normal and diabetic hemoglobins
Authors: Najdegerami Ismaeil Hossein , Maghami Parvaneh , Sheikh‐Hasani Vahid , Hosseinzadeh Ghader , Sheibani Nader , Moosavi‐Movahedi Ali A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBecause of the extensive use of methyl tert‐butyl ether (MTBE) as an additive to increase the octane quality of gasoline, the environmental pollution by this compound has increased in recent decades. Environmental release of MTBE may lead to its entry to the blood stream through inhalation or drinking of contaminated water, and its interactions with biological molecules such as proteins. The present study was proposed to comparatively investigate the interactions of MTBE with hemoglobin (Hb) from diabetic and nondiabetic individuals using various spectroscopic methods including UV‐visible, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, and circular dichroism. These results demonstrated the effects of MTBE on heme degradation of Hb and the reaction of these degradation products with water generating reactive oxygen species. Interaction of Hb with MTBE enhanced its aggregation rate and decreased lag time, indicating the antichaperone activity of MTBE upon interaction with Hb. Furthermore, the diabetic Hb showed more severe effects of MTBE, including heme degradation, reactive oxygen species production, unfolding, and antichaperone behavior than the nondiabetic Hb. The results from molecular docking suggested that the special interaction site of MTBE in the vicinity of Hb heme group is responsible for heme degradation.
Interaction of procarbazine with calf thymus DNA—a biophysical and molecular docking study
Authors: Anwer Razique , Ahmad Nazia , Al Qumaizi Khalid I. , Al Khamees Osama A. , Al Shaqha Waleed Mohammed , Fatma Tasneem 
Published: December 2016

AbstractInteraction of procarbazine (PCZ) with calf thymus DNA was studied using biophysical and molecular docking studies. Procarbazine was to interact with DNA with a binding constant of 6.52 × 103 M−1 as calculated using ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy. To find out the binding mode, molecular docking was performed that predicted PCZ to interact with DNA through groove binding mode with binding affinity of −6.7 kcal/mole. To confirm the groove binding nature, different experiments were performed. Dye displacement assays confirmed the non‐intercalative binding mode. Procarbazine displaced Hoechst dye from the minor groove of DNA while it was unable to displace intercalating dyes. There was no increase in the viscosity of DNA solution in presence of PCZ. Also, negligible change in the secondary structure of DNA was observed in presence of PCZ as evident by circular dichroism spectra. Procarbazine caused decrease in the melting temperature of DNA possibly because of decrease in the stability of DNA caused by groove binding interaction of PCZ with DNA.
Evaluating the transferability of measurements from simple constructed non weighable gravitation lysimeters to predict the water regime on field scale—a case study
Authors: Bednorz Denise , Tauchnitz Nadine , Christen Olaf , Rupp Holger , Meissner Ralph 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe transfer of lysimeter‐based water balances to field scale is still a challenge, whereby the reliability of measured data from non‐weighable gravitation lysimeters (NWGL) is more questioned than the transferability of data from more modern lysimeter devices. The hypothesis of this study was to predict the water regime of a drained arable field (81 ha) based on measurement results of three neighboring (distance of 20 km northern Altmark region Saxony‐Anhalt, Germany) NWGL (surface area of 1 m2, depth of 1.25 m) for three hydrological years (HY) from 11/1/2012 to 10/31/2015. For the first two HY, manually collected monthly outflow rates from the NWGL were comparable to registered (data logger) drain rates of the field. But NWGL outflow was underestimated as compared to field drainage in the third HY. This deficit in the lysimeter water balance was caused by heavy rain events in summer 2014 in combination with wind and interception by the crop canopy (Zea maize). Precipitation did not match the NWGL surface whereas this canopy effect did not play a role at the field site. Thus, further numerical simulations of the soil water flow with the HYDRUS 1D/2D‐software package, which were based only on input data determined at the NWGL (stand precipitation, potential evaporation/ transpiration) without taking into account the canopy effect, described registered outflow of the field adequately for the whole observation period. But determining precipitation matching the NWGL surface, which was not registered due to the missing weighing mechanism, is absolutely required to interpret deviating measured outflow rates.
Regional productivity predicts individual growth and recruitment of rockfishes in a northern California upwelling system
Authors: Wheeler Sarah G. , Anderson Todd W. , Bell Tom W. , Morgan Steven G. , Hobbs James A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRecruitment of marine fishes is largely determined by biological and environmental factors acting on early‐life stages. Subtle changes in larval condition in response to their environment can result in order‐of‐magnitude differences in year‐class‐strength. Overlap of larval production and favorable feeding conditions drives recruitment for many temperate marine fishes, but challenges associated with studying marine larvae have made it difficult to assess how environmental processes act on individual larvae to affect their growth and survival. We conducted a 2‐yr study in an upwelling system to assess the influence of regional productivity, temperature, and larval condition in explaining growth in rockfishes (Sebastes spp.). We employed otolith microstructure and satellite imagery to measure initial larval growth and estimate the productivity and temperature experienced by individuals to determine their relative importance in subsequent growth at metamorphosis. We compared model performance using indexed environmental conditions scaled over three different regions. In both years, net primary productivity explained the most variation in pre‐metamorphic growth relative to temperature and initial growth. This relationship was consistent across spatial regions, although model fit was highest using indices scaled to the south continental shelf region. Recent settlement, juvenile recruitment, and individual growth were significantly higher in a year when productivity bloomed earlier and individual larvae experienced higher levels of productivity. Thus, this link between regional scale productivity, growth, and subsequent year‐class strength supports the hypothesis that large‐scale oceanographic processes stimulating upwelling and secondary production are primary drivers of larval growth and recruitment in rockfishes.
Is there a difference of temperature sensitivity between marine phytoplankton and heterotrophs?
Authors: Chen Bingzhang , Laws Edward A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe temperature sensitivity of phytoplankton growth rates, parameterized as the activation energy (Ea) in the Boltzmann‐Arrhenius equation, is critical to determining how global warming will affect marine ecosystems and the efficiency of the biological pump in the ocean. We applied both linear and nonlinear regression models to two laboratory temperature‐growth experimental datasets to estimate the Ea of each taxon of phytoplankton and heterotrophic protists. We found that phytoplankton Ea and normalized growth rates depended strongly on community composition. Diatoms grew more rapidly and had lower Ea values, whereas cyanobacteria grew more slowly and had higher Ea values. The phytoplankton Ea was underestimated by a single OLS regression on the pooled dataset because slowly growing cyanobacteria dominated in warm, oligotrophic ocean gyres, and rapidly growing diatoms dominated in cold, nutrient‐rich waters. By contrast, the median Ea values estimated from individual experiments did not differ between phytoplankton and heterotrophic protists. Our results suggest that phytoplankton community composition needs to be considered when trying to predict the effects of ocean warming on ecosystem productivity and metabolism.
Enhancement of terahertz photoconductive antenna operation by optical nanoantennas
Authors: Lepeshov Sergey , Gorodetsky Andrei , Krasnok Alexander , Rafailov Edik , Belov Pavel 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPhotoconductive antennas are promising sources of terahertz radiation that is widely used for spectroscopy, characterization, and imaging of biological objects, deep space studies, scanning of surfaces, and detection of potentially hazardous substances. These antennas are compact and allow for generation of both ultrabroadband pulses and tunable continuous wave terahertz signals at room temperatures, with no need for high‐power optical sources. However, such antennas have relatively low energy conversion efficiency of femtosecond laser pulses or two close pump wavelengths (photomixers) into the pulsed and continuous terahertz radiation, correspondingly. Recently, an approach to solving this problem that involves known methods of nanophotonics applied to terahertz photoconductive antennas and photomixers has been proposed. This approach comprises the use of optical nanoantennas for enhancing the absorption of pump laser radiation in the antenna gap, reducing the lifetime of photoexcited carriers, and improving the antenna thermal efficiency. This Review is intended to systematize the main results obtained by researchers in this promising field of hybrid optical‐to‐terahertz photoconductive antennas and photomixers. We summarize the main results on hybrid THz antennas, compare the approaches to their implementation, and offer further perspectives of their development including an application of all‐dielectric nanoantennas instead of plasmonic ones.
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Fabrication and Evaluation of Polycaprolactone–Poly(hydroxybutyrate) or Poly(3‐Hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐Hydroxyvalerate) Dual‐Leached Porous Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Thadavirul Napaphat , Pavasant Prasit , Supaphol Pitt 
Published: December 2016

Polycaprolactone (PCL) blend with poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) or poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) dual‐leached scaffolds are prepared by using the solvent casting and salt–polymer‐leaching technique. The blending of the PHB and PHBV in PCL scaffolds results in decreased porosities of the scaffolds, and the water absorption capacities of the scaffolds also decrease. The compressive modulus of the PCL–PHB and PCL–PHBV dual‐leached scaffolds is greatly increased by the blending of PHB or PHBV matrix. An indirect cytotoxicity evaluation of all scaffolds with mouse fibroblastic cells (L929) and mouse calvaria‐derived preosteoblastic cell (MC3T3‐E1) indicates that all dual‐leached scaffolds are posed as nontoxic to cells. Both PCL–PHB and PCL–PHBV dual‐leached scaffolds are supported by the attachment of MC3T3‐E1 at significantly higher levels to tissue culture polystyrene plate (TCPS) and are able to support the proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 at higher levels to that cells on TCPS and PCL scaffolds. For mineralization, cells cultured on surfaces of PCL–PHB and PCL–PHBV dual‐leached scaffolds show higher mineral deposition than on TCPS and PCL scaffold.
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Phase Segregation of PEDOT:PSS on Textile to Produce Materials of >10 A mm−2 Current Carrying Capacity
Authors: Otley Michael T. , Alamer Fahad Alhashmi , Guo Yang , Santana Jose , Eren Esin , Li Mengfang , Lombardi Jack , Sotzing Gregory A. 
Published: December 2016

Conductive textiles with exceptional electrical properties have been prepared by coating the conjugated polymer, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxyphiophene)‐polystyrenesulfonate(PEDOT‐PSS), on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nonwoven fabrics. Phase segregation from covalent bond formation to surface silica particles generates PEDOT‐PSS coated textiles that hold potential for wearable electronics due to the breathability of the fabric, low toxicity, easy processing and lightweight with high current carrying capacity. The conductive textiles were demonstrated for applications such as electrical connections and resistive heating.
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Accuracy, precision, and reproducibility of myocardial T1 mapping: A comparison of four T1 estimation algorithms for modified look‐locker inversion recovery (MOLLI)
Authors: Shao Jiaxin , Liu Dapeng , Sung Kyunghyun , Nguyen Kim‐Lien , Hu Peng 
Published: December 2016

PurposeTo compare the accuracy and precision of four different T1 estimation algorithms for modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI).MethodsFour T1 estimation algorithms, including the original fit, inversion group (IG) fit, instantaneous signal loss simulation (InSiL), and Bloch equation simulation with slice profile correction (BLESSPC) were studied. T1 estimation accuracy, precision, reproducibility, and sensitivity to heart rate (HR), flip angle (FA), and acquisition scheme (AcS) variations were compared in simulation, phantom, and volunteer studies.ResultsT1 estimation accuracy of IG (‐2.4% ± 3.9%) and original fit (‐3.2% ± 1.4%) were worse than BLESSPC (0.2% ± 1.5%) and InSiL (‐0.7% ± 2.1%). The original fit had the best precision for T1 from 409–1884 ms for the same FA (0.67% ± 0.16% versus 0.90% ± 0.23% using IG, 0.78% ± 0.11% using InSiL, 0.77% ± 0.12% using BLESSPC). BLESSPC generated the most consistent in vivo T1 values over different FAs and AcS, and the T1 estimation reproducibility was similar (P > 0.3) among the four methods when FA = 35°. When using FA = 50°, the reproducibility was significantly improved only when using BLESSPC (1.6% ± 0.9 versus 2.6% ± 1.9%, P < 0.05).ConclusionBLESSPC has superior accuracy and is the least sensitive to FA, HR, and AcS variations. T1 estimation using BLESSPC and FA = 50° is superior to conventional MOLLI with FA = 35° in accuracy and precision. Further clinical studies in varying pathological conditions are warranted to confirm our findings. Magn Reson Med 78:1746–1756, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Energiespeicher: "Da haben wir überhaupt keine Konkurrenz"
Authors: Remenyi Christian , Bulmahn Maren 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRedoxflussbatterien auf Vanadiumbasis sind teuer und nicht überall anzuwenden. Speicher auf Polymerbasis, die nach dem Redoxflussprinzip arbeiten, sind ideal für Windparks und Solaranlagen, sagen Ulrich Schubert und Olaf Conrad den Nachrichten aus der Chemie.
Chemielogistik: Mitteldeutsches Chemiedreieck
Authors: Schneller Anne 
Published: December 2016

AbstractProdukte aus Schkopau, Böhlen, Leuna und Teutschenthal gelangen auf Schiene und Straße zu den Kunden. Für die Rohstoffe gibt es dazu ein weit verzweigtes Pipelinenetz.
Chemische Bildung in Vietnam – Aufbruch zu Reformen
Authors: Nguyen Minh Quang , Becker Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: December 2016

AbstractVietnamesische Lehrer hatten im Chemieunterricht fast ausschließlich Faktenwissen zu vermitteln. Bildungsreformen sollen diese Praxis verändern. Doch neue Ansätze wie mehr Experimentalunterricht und Selbstständigkeit der Lernenden verändern auch traditionelle Vorstellungen von Bildung, der Rolle des Lehrers und des Schülers.
The PETALE study: Late adverse effects and biomarkers in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors
Authors: Marcoux Sophie , Drouin Simon , Laverdière Caroline , Alos Nathalie , Andelfinger Gregor U. , Bertout Laurence , Curnier Daniel , Friedrich Matthias G. , Kritikou Ekaterini A. , Lefebvre Geneviève , Levy Emile , Lippé Sarah , Marcil Valérie , Raboisson Marie‐Josée , Rauch Frank , Robaey Philippe , Samoilenko Mariia , Séguin Chantal , Sultan Serge , Krajinovic Maja , Sinnett Daniel 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivorship issues represent an established public health challenge. Most late adverse effects (LAEs) have been demonstrated to be time and treatment dependent. The PETALE study is a multidisciplinary research project aiming to comprehensively characterize LAEs and identify associated predictive biomarkers in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) survivors.MethodscALL survivors treated at Sainte‐Justine University Health Center with Dana‐Farber Cancer Institution‐ALL protocols 87‐01 through 2005‐01 were eligible. During Phase I of the study, the participants underwent comprehensive clinical, biologic, and psychosocial investigation targeting metabolic syndrome, cardiotoxicity, bone morbidity, neurocognitive problems, and quality of life issues. Whole‐exome sequencing was performed for all participants. Subjects identified with an extreme phenotype during Phase I were recalled for additional testing (Phase II).ResultsPhase I included 246 survivors (recall rate 71.9%). Of those, 85 participants completed Phase II (recall rate 88.5%). Survivors agreeing to participate in Phase I (n = 251) were similar to those who refused (n = 31) in terms of relapse risk profile, radiotherapy exposure, and age at the time of study. Participants, however, tended to be slightly older at diagnosis (6.1 vs. 4.7 years old, P = 0.08), with a higher proportion of female agreeing to participate compared with males (93.2 vs. 86.5%, P = 0.07).ConclusionThe PETALE study will contribute to comprehensively characterize clinical, psychosocial, biologic, and genomic features of cALL survivors using an integrated approach. Expected outcomes include LAE early detection biomarkers, long‐term follow‐up guidelines, and recommendations for physicians and health professionals.
Impedance and admittance control for respiratory‐motion compensation during robotic needle insertion – a preliminary test
Authors: Kim Yeoun Jae , Seo Jong Hyun , Kim Hong Rae , Kim Kwang Gi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundMany robotic needle‐biopsy systems have been developed to enhance the accuracy of needle‐biopsy intervention. These systems can reduce the intervention time and the radiation exposure of clinicians. However, respiratory‐motion compensation is needed to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of needle biopsy intervention.MethodsHuman respiratory‐motion data were acquired using three inertial measurement units (IMUs), and respiratory motion was simulated using the Stewart‐Gough platform. Robotic needle intervention was performed using impedance and admittance control algorithms for respiratory‐motion compensation using the Stewart‐Gough platform and a gelatin phantom.ResultsThe impedance and admittance control algorithms can be used to compensate for respiratory motion during robotic needle insertion. The admittance control algorithm exhibits better performance than the impedance control algorithm.ConclusionsThe impedance and admittance control algorithms can be applied for respiratory‐motion compensation during robotic needle insertion. However, further study is needed for them to become clinically feasible.