bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orosomucoid Proteins Interact with the Small Subunit of Serine Palmitoyltransferase and Contribute to Sphingolipid Homeostasis and Stress Responses in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Jian , Yin Jian , Rong Chan , Li Kai-En , Wu Jian-Xin , Huang Li-Qun , Zeng Hong-Yun , Sahu Sunil Kumar , Yao Nan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), a pyridoxyl-5′-phosphate-dependent enzyme, catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in sphingolipid biosynthesis. In humans and yeast, orosomucoid proteins (ORMs) negatively regulate SPT and thus play an important role in maintaining sphingolipid levels. Despite the importance of sphingoid intermediates as bioactive molecules, the regulation of sphingolipid biosynthesis through SPT is not well understood in plants. Here, we identified and characterized the Arabidopsis thaliana ORMs, ORM1 and ORM2. Loss of function of both ORM1 and ORM2 (orm1 amiR-ORM2) stimulated de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis, leading to strong sphingolipid accumulation, especially of long-chain bases and ceramides. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and coimmunoprecipitation assays confirmed that ORM1 and ORM2 physically interact with the small subunit of SPT (ssSPT), indicating that ORMs inhibit ssSPT function. We found that orm1 amiR-ORM2 plants exhibited an early-senescence phenotype accompanied by H2O2 production at the cell wall and in mitochondria, active vesicular trafficking, and formation of cell wall appositions. Strikingly, the orm1 amiR-ORM2 plants showed increased expression of genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and defenses and also had enhanced resistance to oxidative stress and pathogen infection. Taken together, our findings indicate that ORMs interact with SPT to regulate sphingolipid homeostasis and play a pivotal role in environmental stress tolerance in plants.
Essay Gifts: gifting for greater good
Authors: Babb Sarah , Retief Tina , Bick Geoff 
Published: December 2016

Subject area
The subject areas are marketing, entrepreneurship, strategy or organisational design, operating in emerging markets and social entrepreneurship.

Study level/applicability
The study is applicable to MBA students, masters-level students and students of executive education.

Case overview
The case outlines the context and current decisions and dilemma facing Essay Gifts, which is a successful enterprise based in Cape Town, South Africa, supplying a local market in corporate gifting since 2006. The emerging market is facing economic decline and rising unemployment sitting at 25 per cent and up to 48 per cent in the youth market. After seven years of operating from a home-based office, Beatrice has moved into an office block in an upcoming area in Cape Town as they anticipate bullish targets for the upcoming year. The decision facing her now is whether to also sign a lease for a vacant retail shop downstairs from her office to sell ready-made gifting solutions. To meet the social mission, Essay Gifts is using township-based suppliers to develop the products, and this is proving an often unreliable and inconsistent source of supply and the current orders may not even be met at this particularly busy end-of-year period. How does Beatrice scale the business and what business is she in after all? Is she an entrepreneur, striving to increase the size of her business and her revenue, or is she a social entrepreneur creating employment opportunities for others?

Expected learning outcomes
The paper enables to identify the determining features of a social enterprise and the dynamics involved in balancing the social and commercial missions; understand the complexities of entrepreneurial operations in emerging markets; identify scaling up and strategic growth strategy options for social enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises; and distinguish entrepreneurial marketing strategies in contrast with traditional marketing strategies.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
A resource-advantage theory typology of strategic segmentation
Authors: Thoeni Andrew T. , Marshall Greg W. , Campbell Stacy M. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to define a typology of strategic segmentation accounting for antecedents (potentially conscious or subconscious) that influence marketing managers’ practice of strategic segmentation, thereby formulating a new theoretical basis to bridge the current theory–practice literature gap in strategic segmentation.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the resource-advantage theory, this paper defines a typology of strategic segmentation that depicts how a firm’s access to imperfectly mobile resources relates to the marketing manager’s assumed heterogeneity of the market and to the manager’s approach to the market.

Findings
The authors postulate a typology of firms’ strategic segmentation and approach to the market that is heavily influenced, and potentially limited, by the firm’s available resources to effectively segment and address the market.

Research limitations/implications
The typology suggests that resource availability affects a manager’s view and approach to the market. Therefore, testing of this typology should be performed to provide an empirical basis for a taxonomical foundation of strategic segmentation. Empirical testing should examine whether: resource availability is directly related to managers’ views of market heterogeneity, resources are negatively correlated with market approach, market-based intelligence (customer needs) are linked to the market approach, and there is relationship between a firm’s position within the typology and its long-term performance.

Practical implications
This paper provides an understanding that a manager’s knowledge of resource availability may be strategically counter-productive when creating a strategic segmentation. This limitation may lead to short-run choices for segmentation and market approach. Managers should, therefore, consider their strategic goals both with and without limiting their view based on current resources.

Originality/value
This paper provides the first typology of strategic segmentation by considering theoretical foundations of business that could bridge the often-noted theory–practice gap of segmentation.
Innovation summits: comparison and conceptualisation
Authors: Laursen Linda Nhu , Andersen Poul Houman 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the strategic intent and consequent organisation of innovation summits. Innovation summits have recently appeared in practice as a new approach by which firms strategically market and further their open innovation agendas both internally and externally.

Design/methodology/approach
To advance the knowledge of this novel phenomenon, which has not yet been described in theory, a qualitative research design is appropriate. Consequently, this research conducts comparative case studies of four leading companies.

Findings
The paper contributes knowledge on how innovation summits can be designed and used as a strategic marketing approach to mobilise and match key people for open innovation. The authors find that the strategic scope and cognitive distance of invited firms are critical dimensions in characterising distinct types of innovation summits and propose a classification scheme for understanding different types of summits.

Practical implications
For practitioners, the authors present two central questions to consider before staging a summit: what is the strategic scope and who should be involved? This classification scheme offers managers an understanding of the implications of these choices.

Originality/value
While much research takes a macro-perspective on open innovation, much less is known about the micro-level of bringing parties together. In practise, the concept of innovation summits has gained a significant interest; however, the concept is still relatively unknown in the literature. This paper is one of the first to advance knowledge of this novel phenomenon.
Managing tuberculosis among labor migrants: exploring alternative organizational approach
Authors: Sergeyev Boris , Kazanets Igor , Mukhamadiev Davron , Sergeyev Pavel 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
High volume of international migration calls for the establishment of financial and organizational mechanisms that would ensure provision of treatment for tuberculosis (TB) among migrants. In the case of countries like Russia where budget funding goes for TB treatment, the need is acute as delivering these services is affected by social perception that they should be provided to taxpayers only. While official policies in Russia promote voluntary medical insurance as a way to cover their health care needs, the problem is that neither voluntary medical insurance, nor the National Medical Insurance Plan, extend to cover the treatment of infectious diseases, such as TB making proposal of possible alternatives to these delivery vehicles appropriate. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The analysis includes review of survey results on the extent of medical insurance coverage among migrants as well as legal provisions concerning access to medical care among migrants in Russia and some other migrant-receiving countries.

Findings
This exercise illuminates the public health risks and economic consequences related to inadequate access to medical help among migrants. Availability of medical insurance even among socially integrated segment of this group is limited. Also of notice is that citizens of Belarus as opposed to others are granted access to the full range of TB services in Russia.

Originality/value
Using this precedent, the authors propose an alternative mechanism – Inter-State Medical Insurance Fund – to be established by governments of CIS countries, with national allocations covering the provision of medical help to labor migrants from the respective countries in Russia.
Engaging African-Caribbean, Asian, and Latino community leaders to address HIV stigma in Toronto
Authors: Li Alan Tai-Wai , Wong Josephine Pui-Hing , Cain Roy , Fung Kenneth Po-Lun 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
Racialized minority and newcomer communities are over-represented in positive HIV cases in Canada. Stigma has been identified as one of the barriers to HIV prevention, testing, and treatment. Faith, media, and social justice sectors have historically served a vital role in promoting health issues in these communities. However, they have been relatively inactive in addressing HIV-related issues. The purpose of this paper is to report on the results of an exploratory study that engaged faith, media, and social justice leaders in the African-Caribbean, Asian, and Latino communities in Toronto.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a qualitative interpretive design and focus groups to explore the challenges and opportunities in addressing HIV stigma. A total of 23 people living with HIV and 22 community leaders took part in seven focus groups. Intersectionality was used as an analytical lens to examine the social processes that perpetuate HIV stigma.

Findings
This paper focuses on the perspectives of community leaders. Five themes were identified: misconception of HIV as a gay disease; moralistic religious discourses perpetuate HIV stigma; invisibility of HIV reinforces community denial; need to promote awareness and compassion for people with HIV; and the power of collective community efforts within and across different sectors.

Originality/value
Although affected communities are faced with many challenges related to HIV stigma, effective change may be possible through concerted efforts championed by people living with HIV and community leaders. One important strategy identified by the participants is to build strategic alliances among the HIV, media, faith, social justice, and other sectors. Such alliances can develop public education and HIV champion activities to promote public awareness and positive emotional connections with HIV issues, challenge HIV stigma and related systems of oppression, and engage young people in HIV championship.
Performance analysis and evaluation of secure password persuasive cued click points
Authors: Nayak Atish Dipakbhai , Bansode Rajesh 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to increase security using persuasive cued click points (PCCP) techniques and to make a system to provide security from the malware, key loggers and attacks.

Design/methodology/approach
The work methodology comprises two major phases. In phase one, the PCCP take place with the registration and login process done. It also includes text-based password which hides the character of password to protect from shoulder surfing attack. In phase two, the work includes background services which protect from key loggers.

Findings
Secure password persuasive cued click point (SPPCCP) is a module that facilitates authentication for the desktop-based applications and provides a single-machine licensing functionality. SPPCCP comprises little functionality to thwart attackers, such as persuasive click points with password protection. The techniques to protect against malware such as resist from debuggers and also to the key loggers that run on desktop computers. In this, Spearman rank correlation is used for detection of key loggers. There are functionalities used to secure desktop applications such as time constraint and user selection.

Originality/value
The contribution of this paper is to provide knowledge in the field of security. It makes the graphical password more secure and useful. The intention behind this research was to increase the security level up to 60-80 per cent. It is also used for prevention of shoulder surfing problem till 80 per cent; this research is also operated on key loggers, and SPPCCP finds the key loggers and removes it from the system. It also decrypts the data of database by encrypting it by SHA-512 algorithm and reduces the average login time up to 20-30 per cent; it will make a smaller view port of 33.5 × 33.5 pixel square to have more choice to select the password, thereby decreasing the probability of hotspot area up to 18-20 per cent.
Antecedents of hospital brand image and the relationships with medical tourists’ behavioral intention
Authors: Cham Tat Huei , Lim Yet Mee , Aik Nai Chiek , Tay Alexander Guan Meng 
Published: December 2016

PurposeMedical tourism is growing rapidly in the recent years in various Asian countries. The success of the hospitals engaged in medical tourism largely depends on their abilities in maintaining the repeating customers and to attract new customers. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of word-of-mouth and social media on hospital brand image. It also attempts to examine the relationships between brand image, perceived service quality, patient satisfaction and behavioral intention.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was used to collect data from 386 medical tourists to test the proposed model. All the measurement scales adopted in this study were adapted from the existing literature. The data collected in this study were analyzed using both SPSS and structural equation modeling approach via AMOS.FindingsThe findings from the structural analysis indicated that both word-of-mouth and hospital-generated social media have a significant impact on brand image. Hospital brand image positively influences medical tourists’ perception of service quality, and their perceived service quality is significantly related to their satisfaction, which in turn, leads to their behavioral intention.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few studies that considers the importance of hospital’s brand image in influencing medical tourists’ perceptions on the quality of healthcare services that they experienced during their medical trips. This research study also raises the significance of word-of-mouth communication and social media that influence hospitals’ brand image, which has been neglected by many studies.
A study of the relationship between employee wage and commercial banks efficiency in China
Authors: Li Jiangtao , Ji Jianyue , Wang Yanxia 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
Efficiency of a commercial bank affects both its competitiveness and the role it plays in the process of economic development. Although great efforts have been exerted in developing the various aspects of banking efficiency, there seems to be a lack of research on examining the impact of the bank efficiency from the employee wage perspective. The mechanism of how employee wage affects commercial bank efficiency and the relationship between the two were analyzed in this paper. Based on the growing body of research on efficiency in banking, the aim of this paper is to examine if competitiveness of employee wages at any commercial bank has any impact on the bank efficiency score.

Design/methodology/approach
The method used was quantitative analysis, which was based on comparing the evaluated efficiencies of the banks with employee wages published in the bank reports. The empirical data in this paper were based on 16 Chinese listed commercial banks from 2004 to 2012. The per capita wage of commercial banks was selected as the wage indicator, and the efficiency value obtained by the slack-based measure (SBM) model was selected as the efficiency indicator. According to the calculated data, the Tobit regression model was built to analyze the relationship between employee wage and commercial bank efficiency.

Findings
The research results show that employee wage is the key variable that influences the efficiency of Chinese commercial banks, and the inverted U-shaped relationship between employee wage and commercial banks efficiency shows up.

Practical implications
The wage structure data of the composition of basic pay and bonus were not available at the time of conducting the research. Per capita wages were used instead to reflect the employee wage levels of Chinese banks.

Originality/value
This study can provide some help for the banking industry by analyzing the wage levels from the perspective of efficiency and also further enriches the theoretical system of the relationship between employee wage and bank efficiency.
Job perceptions following statewide evidence-based treatment implementation
Authors: Green Amy E. , Cafri Guy , Aarons Gregory 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe concerns that implementing a new structured innovation with increased oversight may lead to reduced job autonomy and poorer work attitudes. These concerns have been cited as a barrier to evidence-based treatment (EBT) implementation. However, previous research found lower turnover among child welfare providers implementing an EBT with fidelity monitoring compared to those administering services as usual (SAU). The authors hypothesized that changes in job autonomy, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment would be no worse among providers in EBT conditions and fidelity monitoring conditions compared to SAU and no monitoring conditions.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from 208 service providers over four waves at six month intervals as part of a 2 (EBT vs SAU) by 2 (fidelity monitoring vs no monitoring) hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial. Superiority testing was conducted to determine whether there were significant differences over time on the outcomes as a function of experimental condition. Non-inferiority testing examined whether the EBT condition is not inferior to SAU and monitoring not inferior to no monitoring on the outcomes.FindingsNo evidence of superiority was found for any conditions over time on the outcomes. Non-inferiority testing indicates EBT is not inferior to SAU and monitoring is not inferior to no monitoring on the outcomes.Originality/valueThis study provide empirical quantitative data regarding job attitudes and job autonomy perceptions over time following EBT implementation. In light of the current findings, concerns regarding the impact of EBT implementation on provider job perceptions should be minimized.
Licence to operate
Authors: Klemelä Juha 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The Social Return on Investment (SROI) framework has been developed for mapping and measuring social impact. It may be used for legitimating organisations and projects. The framework is often criticised for its overemphasis of the SROI ratio, i.e. the relationship between monetised benefits and costs. This study aims to demonstrate how the SROI method legitimates organisations or projects with multiple other discursive ways besides the SROI ratio. It also discusses the status of these other ways of legitimation in relation to the quantifying and monetising core tendency of SROI.

Design/methodology/approach
The empirical data consist of an SROI guidebook and 12 SROI reports. Their study applies Theo van Leeuwen’s ideas for analysing the discursive legitimation of social practices. The study takes place broadly in the framework of Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis, aided by qualitative content analysis.

Findings
In the analysis, the full spectrum of the van Leeuwenian legitimation means used by SROI – authorisation, rationalisation, moral evaluation and mythopoetical narration – is brought out in the data and the status and social context of the legitimation means are assessed and discussed. It is shown that there is existing potential for broader and more visible use of different legitimation means.

Practical implications
Based on the findings of the study, suggestions for the improvement of SROI reporting by a more balanced explicit use of the multitude of legitimation means are presented.

Originality/value
The study is original both in its subject (the spectrum of legitimation in SROI) and its method (qualitative discursive and contentual analysis of SROI as a legitimating discourse).
User expectancies for green products
Authors: Lin Chen-Ju , Chen Hwang-Yeh 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
This study was commissioned by DA-AI Technology Co. Ltd. and used the outcome
expectancy theory from the social cognitive framework and concept of planned behavior to structure an outside-inside user expectancy model. The purpose of this study is to identify the elements that influence internal customers to select green products.

Design/methodology/approach
The model reflected the outside expectancy of users regarding three aspects: perceived benefits, barriers and perceived corresponding value of green products as the stimulus of a user-perceptive process. The trained onsite interviewers collected 438 completed questionnaires focused on the volunteers of Tzu Chi as the main subjects of this study.

Findings
The volunteers emphasized the meaningfulness and superiority of products much more than they emphasized the enterprise image and brand image when they were trying to adopt green products. The volunteers did not express an unwillingness to adopt green products, even if they had to face the complexity of the products and pay an extra learning cost.

Originality/value
The volunteers would decrease the consumption of green products when the price was high and would increase their consumption when their ecological values encouraged them to do so. This consumptive value implies that green product adoption was perceived to enhance the social image, self-assessed value and bodily happiness of the users because their inside expectancies were fulfilled.