bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Monitoring With Coping Skills and Lifestyle Education for Hypertension Control in Primary Care
Authors: Patil Sonal J. , Guo Ning , Udoh Eno‐Obong , Todorov Irina 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSelf‐monitoring with support, lifestyle modifications, and emotion management improves blood pressure (BP). Patients with hypertension need continual support to modify behaviors, but time pressures limit lifestyle education in primary care settings. Using mixed methods, we aimed to study the feasibility and acceptability of an innovative 6‐week program that combined self‐monitoring with coping skills and lifestyle education for patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension interested in lifestyle modifications before intensifying medications were enrolled from primary care clinics. Patients self‐monitored emotions, behaviors, and BPs and received education from medical providers and mind‐body therapists through shared medical appointments (SMAs) with an option of weekly printed materials. Over 6 months, 31 eligible participants completed the program with higher uptake (21/41) from physician referrals (74.2% women, 41.9% Black, median household income $100 000). Fourteen participants opted for weekly educational materials due to upcoming SMA sessions being fully booked or personal schedules. Pre‐ to post‐intervention paired t‐test showed improvement in systolic BP of 11.6 mmHg (95% CI, 6.6–16.6, p < 0.0001), and hypertension control rate improved by 36% (11/31) post‐intervention. Higher baseline systolic BP was associated with higher BP reduction (p < 0.001). Thematic analysis showed the perceived benefit of self‐awareness, education, and peer support, whereas time constraints were perceived as challenges. Self‐monitoring with education on coping skills and lifestyle modification is feasible and improved BP and hypertension control across diverse primary care patients interested in lifestyle modifications; however, few low‐income patients enrolled. Less burdensome and community‐based interventions may improve participation in low‐income patients.
Transcriptome‐wide RNA m6A methylation profiles in an endemic osteoarthropathy, Kashin‐Beck disease
Authors: Zhang Qian , Yang Xiaodong , Deng Xingxing , Niu Hui , Zhao Yijun , Wen Jinfeng , Wang Sen , Liu Huan , Guo Xiong , Wu Cuiyan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractKashin‐Beck disease (KBD) is a chronic degenerative, disabling disease of the bones and joints and its exact aetiology and pathogenesis remain uncertain. This study is to investigate the role of m6A modification in the pathogenesis of KBD. Combined analysis of m6A MeRIP‐Seq and RNA‐Seq were used to analyse human peripheral blood samples from three KBD patients and three normal controls (NC). Bioinformatic methods were used to analyse m6A‐modified differential genes and RT‐qPCR was performed to validate the mRNA expression of several KBD‐related genes. The results indicated that the total of 16,811 genes were modified by m6A in KBD group, of which 4882 genes were differential genes. A large number of differential genes were associated with regulation of transcription, signal transduction and protein binding. KEGG analysis showed that m6A‐enriched genes participated the pathways of Vitamin B6 metabolism, endocytosis and Rap 1 signalling pathway. There was a positive association between m6A abundance and levels of gene expression, that there were 6 hypermethylated and upregulated genes (hyper‐up), 23 hypomethylated and downregulated genes (hypo‐down) in KBD group compared with NC. In addition, the mRNA expression of levels of MMP8, IL32 and GPX1 were verified and the protein–protein interaction networks of these key factors were constructed. Our study showed that m6A modifications may play a vital role in modulating gene expression, which represents a new clue to reveal the pathogenesis of KBD.
Unveiling exosomes: Cutting‐edge isolation techniques and their therapeutic potential
Authors: Sani Farnaz , Shafiei Faezeh , Dehghani Farshad , Mohammadi Yasaman , Khorraminejad‐Shirazi Mohammadhossein , Anvari‐Yazdi Abbas Fazel , Moayedfard Zahra , Azarpira Negar , Sani Mahsa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExosomes are one type of nanosized membrane vesicles with an endocytic origin. They are secreted by almost all cell types and play diverse functional roles. It is essential for research purposes to differentiate exosomes from microvesicles and isolate them from other components in a fluid sample or cell culture medium. Exosomes are important mediators in cell–cell communication. They deliver their cargos, such as mRNA transcripts, microRNA, lipids, cytosolic and membrane proteins and enzymes, to target cells with or without physical connections between cells. They are highly heterogeneous in size, and their biological functions can vary depending on the cell type, their ability to interact with recipient cells and transport their contents, and the environment in which they are produced. This review summarized the recent progress in exosome isolation and characterization techniques. Moreover, we review the therapeutic approaches, biological functions of exosomes in disease progression, tumour metastasis regulation, immune regulation and some ongoing clinical trials.
Hospital brochures in mental healthcare. how patient‐centered are they?
Authors: Sercu Lies 
Published: October 2024

AbstractContextFrom the results of the 2020 Flemish survey looking into psychiatric patients’ views of the in‐patient care they have received, it appeared that hospital communication is experienced as not sufficiently patient‐centered. In communication research, the quality of written patient materials in physical healthcare has been scrutinized and suggestions for the enhancement of their patient‐centeredness, comprehensibility, and actionability have been made. Yet, a similar research interest in the quality of health communication in mental healthcare has failed to materialize.Objective and DesignAgainst a definition of patient‐centeredness in mental healthcare, this study investigated the quality of 30 psychiatric hospital brochures from a triangulated linguistic and content perspective, using readability formulas as well as the CCI and PEMAT‐P instruments.ResultsIt appeared that none of the brochures are sufficiently patient‐centered, as they fail to take appropriate and full account of mental health patients’ specific concerns and difficulties.DiscussionThe lack of quality brochures hampers patients’ understanding of their mental health condition and participation in their recovery process, especially when they have a low (mental) health literacy.ConclusionTogether, hospitals and patient organizations, should remedy this situation and thus fortify the public's trust in the evidence‐based and high‐quality patient‐centered care psychiatric hospitals offer.
Differences in setting of initial dementia diagnosis among fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries
Authors: White Elizabeth M. , Bayer Thomas , Kosar Cyrus M. , Santostefano Christopher M. , Muench Ulrike , Oh Hyesung , Gadbois Emily A. , Gozalo Pedro L. , Rahman Momotazur 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAccurate and timely diagnosis of dementia is necessary to allow affected individuals to make informed decisions and access appropriate resources. When dementia goes undetected until a hospitalization or nursing home stay, this could reflect delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis, and may reflect underlying disparities in healthcare access.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we used 2012–2020 Medicare claims and other administrative data to examine variation in setting of dementia diagnosis among fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries with an initial claims‐based dementia diagnosis in 2016. We used multinomial logistic regression to evaluate the association of person and geographic factors with diagnosis location, and Cox proportional hazards regression to examine 4‐year survival relative to diagnosis location.ResultsAmong 754,204 Medicare beneficiaries newly diagnosed with dementia in 2016, 60.3% were diagnosed in the community, 17.2% in hospitals, and 22.5% in nursing homes. Adjusted 4‐year survival rates were significantly lower among those diagnosed in hospitals [−16.1 percentage points (95% CI: −17.0, −15.1)] and nursing homes [−16.8 percentage points (95% CI: −17.7, −15.9)], compared to those diagnosed in the community. Community‐diagnosed beneficiaries were more often female, younger, Asian or Pacific Islander, Native American or Alaskan Native, Hispanic, had fewer baseline hospitalizations and higher homecare use, and resided in wealthier ZIP codes. Rural beneficiaries were more likely to be diagnosed in hospitals.ConclusionsMany older adults are diagnosed with dementia in a hospital or nursing home. These individuals have significantly lower survival than those diagnosed in the community, which may indicate diagnosis during an acute illness or care transition, or at a later disease stage, all of which are suboptimal. These results highlight the need for improved dementia screening in the general population, particularly for individuals in rural areas and communities with higher social deprivation.
Paclitaxel alters the microvascular network in the central and peripheral nervous system of rats with chemotherapy‐induced painful peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Zippo Antonio Giuliano , Rodriguez‐Menendez Virginia , Pozzi Eleonora , Canta Annalisa , Chiorazzi Alessia , Ballarini Elisa , Monza Laura , Alberti Paola , Meregalli Cristina , Bravin Alberto , Coan Paola , Longo Elena , Saccomano Giulia , Paiva Katrine , Tromba Giuliana , Cavaletti Guido , Carozzi Valentina Alda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN), with paraesthesia, numbness, dysesthesia and neuropathic pain ranks among the most common dose‐limiting toxicity of several widely used anticancer drugs. Recent studies revealed the microvascular angiogenesis as a new important actor, beside peripheral neurons, in the neurotoxicity and neuropathic pain development and chronicisation. The aim of this work is to elucidate the role of vascular alterations in CIPN.MethodsWe evaluated the severity of CIPN with neurophysiological, behavioural and neuropathological analysis together with the microvascular network in central and peripheral nervous systems of rats in order to correlate the features of the CIPN and the vascular abnormalities. The vascular network was quantitatively evaluated through synchrotron radiation‐based X‐ray phase‐contrast micro‐tomography imaging, measuring four specific parameters: vascular density, vessel diameter, vessel tortuosity and branching.ResultsRats exposed to paclitaxel and affected by a severe painful sensory axonopathy showed an increased vascular density (putative sprouting angiogenesis) in the crucial districts of the central (somatosensory cortex and lumbar spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (lumbar dorsal root ganglia). In addition, the complexity of the vascular network and the size of neo‐formed vessels were significantly decreased in specific regions. On the other hand, less significant changes were observed in rats exposed to cisplatin, affected by a painless peripheral neuropathy, suggesting a specific involvement of neo‐angiogenesis in the development of severe neurotoxicity and neuropathic pain.InterpretationsThese new ground‐breaking results can shed light on new pathogenetic mechanisms and potential novel therapeutic approaches for painful‐CIPN.
Impact of Public Health and Social Measures on Cosmetic Treatments in the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Multi‐Center Study Combined With a Questionnaire‐Based Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Li Zichao , Li Tian , Zhang Leyang , Zhu Yifu , Yu Zhou , Song Baoqiang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPublic health and social measures (PHSMs) are considered the most effective approaches for controlling epidemic diseases. This study aimed to explore variations in the time‐dependent characteristics of and public preferences for cosmetic treatments during and after the implementation of PHSMs during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodMedical records from six medical institutions were extracted retrospectively. Time–series analyses were conducted to reveal the variations in characteristics in volume and proportion of cosmetic treatments according to PHSMs. A cross‐sectional study was conducted with online questionnaire designed for the general population during and after the implementation of PHSMs.ResultA total of 141 033 records were included in this retrospective study. The implementation of PHSMs led to extremely low treatment volumes; compared with the increases in private hospitals, the treatment volumes in public hospitals exhibited earlier and more significant increases, even higher than pre‐PHSM levels (p < 0.05), which mainly contributed to the increase in plastic surgery volumes during and after the implementation of PHSMs. The differences in the anxiety state, self‐perceived appearance, and cosmetic treatment intentions of the participants were illustrated during and after PHSMs. We further demonstrated the participants' decisions on cosmetic treatments after the implementation of PHSMs during the COVID‐19 pandemic.ConclusionThe immediate effects and aftereffects of PHSMs on cosmetic treatments were different in public and private hospitals. Furthermore, as PHSMs guided the adjustment of cosmetic treatments in the post‐COVID‐19 era, the intention to undergo cosmetic treatment during PHSMs was associated with the anxiety states and preferences of the population.
The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Nurses' Professional Quality of Life in Pre‐Hospital Emergency Settings: A Multicentre Mixed‐Method Study
Authors: Musio Maria Emma , Ginogi Francesca , Casini Simone , Lucente Graziana , Timmins Fiona , Hayter Mark , Catania Gianluca , Zanini Milko , Aleo Giuseppe , Sasso Loredana , Bagnasco Annamaria 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPre‐hospital emergency nurses, frequently exposed to high‐stress situations, are at risk for burnout and stress‐related issues, affecting their overall well‐being. The Professional Quality of Life (ProQoL) scale, widely used among hospital nurses, remains untested in pre‐hospital emergency settings.AimTo adapt and validate the ProQoL scale for pre‐hospital emergency contexts and explore the protective role of emotional intelligence in professional well‐being.MethodsA mixed‐method study was conducted. The qualitative approach involved semi‐structured interviews to inform the modification of items for adapting the ProQoL to the pre‐hospital emergency setting. A quantitative method was applied to assess the relationship between emotional intelligence and professional well‐being through content and face validity measures.ResultsQualitative interviews suggested refining the ProQoL for pre‐hospital emergency settings, emphasising factors such as job satisfaction and professional conduct. The revised 21‐item Pre‐Hospital Emergency‐Professional Quality of Life (PHE‐ProQoL) scale demonstrated strong content validity (I‐CVI: 0.86‐1, S‐CVI: 0.9) and face validity. Significant correlations were observed between emotional intelligence and professional well‐being, with negative correlations between emotional intelligence and both burnout (Pearson's r = −0.859) and post‐traumatic stress (Pearson's r = −0.792), and a positive correlation with compassion satisfaction (Pearson's r = +0.917). Pre‐hospital nurses displayed moderate levels of compassion satisfaction (27.3 ± 9.81), high emotional intelligence (28.0 ± 9.58), especially in empathy, and substantial levels of burnout (22.5 ± 6.09) and stress (21.2 ± 4.3).DiscussionThe study found that pre‐hospital emergency nurses exhibit moderate compassion satisfaction and above‐average emotional intelligence, particularly in perceiving and managing others' emotions. However, they also experience significant levels of burnout and post‐traumatic stress.ConclusionsBurnout and post‐traumatic stress significantly affect pre‐hospital emergency nurses. Enhancing emotional intelligence is crucial for their well‐being. Nursing managers now have access to a validated and reliable tool to assess this.
Effects of Particle Size and Shape on the Texture Property of a Solid–Liquid Dispersion System With Gel Particles
Authors: Tanikawa Miyu , Watanabe Yoshiyuki 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTFood texture is one of the most important factors for assessing the quality and acceptability of food. However, the study of food texture has been delayed compared with other factors, such as flavor and taste, due to the difficulty of quantitative analysis related to real physiological senses. Furthermore, the numerical and systematic evaluation of the texture property of dispersion systems, in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid medium, is very difficult, despite most foods being in a solid–liquid dispersion state during mastication in the human mouth. In this study, the texture property of a solid–liquid dispersion system with spherical and cubic gel particles of agar and konjac was examined to evaluate the physical behavior of food during mastication using the back extrusion method. The yield stress of the system strongly depended on the size and shape of the particles, the mixing ratio of particles of different sizes and shapes, and the concentration of components in the particles. The proposed index, reflecting the size, shape, and number of particles and the yield stress of a single particle, expressed well the measured yield stress of the entire dispersion system. However, the adhesiveness and recoverability showed relatively little dependence on particle size. The findings obtained in this study will contribute to elucidating the texture property of various foods and to the development of new and novel food products and cuisines, thereby benefiting food science and industry.
Effect of furosemide on comprehensive renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system activity of Thoroughbred horses
Authors: Lehman Mallory L. , Domenig Oliver , Ames Marisa K. , Morgan Jessica M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundFurosemide, a commonly used diuretic, activates the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) in other species. Little is known about RAAS peptide activation in horses.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate equilibrium analysis as a practical method for RAAS quantification in horses and describe the RAAS response to a single dose of furosemide. We hypothesize that furosemide would cause transient increase in RAAS peptides in horses.Animals14 healthy adult thoroughbreds from a university teaching herd.MethodsHorses received either furosemide (1 mg/kg IV) or saline IV in a crossover study design. Protease‐inhibited samples were compared with equilibrium analysis samples with Deming regression analysis. Renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system hormones were evaluated at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 4, and 24 hours postadministration, via equilibrium analysis. Values were compared with a mixed effects model.ResultsCorrelation between protease inhibition and equilibrium analysis was high for angiotensin I peptide (AngI) and angiotensin II peptide (AngII) (r = .92 and .95, respectively). Baseline RAAS peptide concentrations were below the limit of detection except AngII (median, 7.5 [range, 3.5‐14.0] pmol/L). Furosemide administration resulted in an increase in AngI (8.0 [0.5‐15.5] pmol/L, P = .03), AngII (33.7 [9.6‐57.9] pmol/L, P = .0008), angiotensin III peptide (AngIII) (2.9 [0.9‐4.9] pmol/L, P = .0005), angiotensin IV peptide (AngIV) (2.0 [0.6‐3.4] pmol/L, P = .0005), and angiotensin 1‐5 peptide (Ang1‐5) (5.6 [1.2‐5.9] pmol/L, P = .003) at 4 hours. Differences are reported as difference in the mean (95% confidence interval [CI]).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFurosemide produced an increase in hormones associated with both the classical and alternative RAAS pathways. Serum equilibrium analysis is practical for RAAS analysis in horses.
The Divergent Responses of Salinity Generalists to Hyposaline Stress Provide Insights Into the Colonisation of Freshwaters by Diatoms
Authors: Judy Kathryn J. , Pinseel Eveline , Downey Kala M. , Lewis Jeffrey A. , Alverson Andrew J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEnvironmental transitions, such as the salinity divide separating marine and fresh waters, shape biodiversity over both shallow and deep timescales, opening up new niches and creating opportunities for accelerated speciation and adaptive radiation. Understanding the genetics of environmental adaptation is central to understanding how organisms colonise and subsequently diversify in new habitats. We used time‐resolved transcriptomics to contrast the hyposalinity stress responses of two diatoms. Skeletonema marinoi has deep marine ancestry but has recently invaded brackish waters. Cyclotella cryptica has deep freshwater ancestry and can withstand a much broader salinity range. Skeletonema marinoi is less adept at mitigating even mild salinity stress compared to Cyclotella cryptica, which has distinct mechanisms for rapid mitigation of hyposaline stress and long‐term growth in low salinity. We show that the cellular mechanisms underlying low salinity tolerance, which has allowed diversification across freshwater habitats worldwide, includes elements that are both conserved and variable across the diatom lineage. The balance between ancestral and lineage‐specific environmental responses in phytoplankton have shaped marine–freshwater transitions on evolutionary timescales and, on contemporary timescales, will affect which lineages survive and adapt to changing ocean conditions.
A small lens on timescales and multimodality in classroom language learning emotions
Authors: Sampson Richard J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEmpirical work exploring additional language (L+) learning emotions has both proliferated and expanded its focus over the past 15 years. The current article explores one possibility for responding to the challenge of capturing and describing emotions in order to furnish a more contextualized, multidimensional picture of emotions in L+ learning: the small‐lens approach. From the perspective of the author as a practitioner–researcher, this article draws on data from an L+ discussion activity. Via the activity, the practitioner–researcher identified an emotional outcome of interest and examined the historical buildup to this phenomenon. A narrative of the research process applied aims to illustrate the ways in which multimodal analysis and interrogation of psychological timescales might illuminate intersections between the social and individual. Rather than delineating a complete description of the research, the article strives to intimate possibilities and stimulate more nuanced, situated, and dynamic empirical work into the emergence of emotions in instructed L+ learning. While not the primary focus, some of the teleological (functional) aspects of emotions and emotional expression are also unearthed.