bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The vaginal metabolomics profile with features of polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot investigation in China
Authors: Xuan Yan , Hong Xiang , Zhou Xu , Yan Tao , Qin Pengfei , Peng Danhong , Wang Bei 
Published: October 2024

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common metabolic disorder and reproductive endocrine disease, posing an elevated risk to women of reproductive age. Although metabolism differences in serum, amniotic fluid and urine have been documented in PCOS, there remains a paucity of evidence for vaginal fluid. This study aimed to identify the metabolic characteristics and potential biomarkers of PCOS in Chinese women of reproductive age.

Methods
We involved ten newly diagnosed PCOS women who attended gynecology at Zhongda Hospital and matched them with ten healthy controls who conducted health check-up programs at Gulou Maternal and Child Health Center in Nanjing, China from January 1st, 2019 to July 31st, 2020. Non-targeted metabolomics based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was applied to differentially screen vaginal metabolites between PCOS group and healthy controls. Principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and enrichment analysis were used to observe differences, search for potential biomarkers and enrich related pathways.

Results
Among the 20 participants, a total of 195 different metabolites were detected between PCOS group and healthy control group. PCOS and control groups were effectively separated by vaginal fluid. Lipids and lipid-like molecules constituted the majority of differential metabolites. Notably, dopamine exhibited an increased trend in PCOS group and emerged as the most significant differential metabolite, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for identifying PCOS. The application of UHPLC-MS/MS based vaginal metabolomics methods showed significant differences between PCOS and non-PCOS healthy control groups, especially linoleic acid metabolism disorder. Most differential metabolites were enriched in pathways associated with linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism or arachidonic acid metabolism.

Conclusions
In this pilot investigation, significant metabolomics differences could be obtained between PCOS and healthy control groups. For PCOS women of reproductive age, vaginal metabolism is a more economical, convenient and harmless alternative to provide careful personalized health diagnosis and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Governança pública: proposta de um modelo de contratações em Instituições de Ciência e Tecnologia públicos
Authors: Cunha Helton Souza da , Ferreira Cristiano Vasconcellos , Murari Thiago Barros 
Published: October 2024

O Decreto nº 9.203/17 inovou a administração pública federal direta, autárquica e fundacional, implementando mecanismos, instâncias e práticas de governança em consonância com os princípios e diretrizes estabelecidas na norma. Baseado neste contexto, o artigo tem como objetivo analisar os modelos de governança em contratações públicas com base nos capitais intangíveis (capital humano, estrutural e relacional) e propor um modelo de governança nas contratações de produtos e serviços de Institutos de Ciência e Tecnologia públicos, tendo como referência o modelo de maturidade em gerenciamento de projetos Prado-PMMM (Project Management Maturity Model) . O estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa quali-quanti, onde foram buscados na literatura modelos de governança em contratações existentes. Como resultado foi proposto um modelo de governança em contratações públicas que avalia o grau de maturidade de governança na instituição. de acordo com as dimensões apresentadas no modelo Prado- PMMM. Entende-se que o modelo pode ser implementado para que as instituições incrementem a sua maturidade em contratações.
Mainstreaming Indigenous Knowledge of Pastoralists into Climate Change Policies in Cameroon
Authors: KONGNSO MOYE Eric 
Published: October 2024

Indigenous pastoralists are hardest hit by the impacts of climate change because of their dependence on nature and limited adaptation. This paper seeks to examine the level of integration of traditional knowledge systems into adaptation policies in Cameroon, using the specific case of Mbororo pastoralists in the Western Highlands. Using a mainly qualitative approach in data collection, in-depth interviews were conducted with 28 purposively selected pastoralists from 4 divisions with intense pastoral activity, comprising 19 Mbororo pastoralists, 2 members of the Mbororo Social and Cultural Association (MBOSCUDA), 2 Mbororo traditional rulers, 5 Mbororo women and one focus group discussion. Discussions were recorded and voice notes were transcribed, coded and treated according to content and thematic with the aid of Atlas. Ti software. Results show that Mbororo pastoralists migrated into the region in the 1950s as nomadic herders and occupied marginal lands due to the nature of their activity. With climatic aberrations being acute, their closeness to nature permitted them to develop a wide array of knowledge and traditional practices to adapt and exploit existing opportunities. Semi-nomadic and transhumance methods of rearing, cross-breeding local species with high-breed species to produce resistant breeds of cattle, cultivating resistant pasture species, rotational grazing and using traditional medicines to treat cattle diseases have reduced resource degradation and curbed the effects of climatic aberrations. Nevertheless, these indigenous knowledge systems are eroding fast due to poor indigenous institutions and non-integration into policy. This work will reinforce capacities of decentralized communities in developing and implementing local adaptation plans on climate change.
A Study on Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing (ESBL) and Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli in the Japanese Quails
Authors: Nehru Banoth Sai , O. Pranav 
Published: October 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health threat worldwide, and members of the Enterobacteriaceae family are among the clinically important bacteria rapidly developing resistance to available antibacterial agents. The development of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes is the primary cause of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins among Enterobacteriaceae. Quails also represent a source of animal protein deficiency in developing countries including India. This study aimed to detect the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli from fecal samples of quails in Puducherry. A total of 36 fecal samples of quails from six different retail outlets were collected. E. coli could be isolated from 27 fecal samples and confirmed as E. coli by polymerase chain reaction by targeting the uspA gene. The isolates were preliminarily screened for ESBL production by indicator antimicrobial disc and phenotypic ESBL production was confirmed by combination disc method. The isolates were subjected to genotypic detection of ESBL (bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and bla SHV) by PCR. Out of 27 isolates, 16 isolates were positive for the presence of ESBL-producing genes, in which, 9 harbored bla CTX-M, 2 harbored bla TEM, and 5 harboured bla SHV genes. Similarly, out of 27 isolates 13 isolates were found positive for fluoroquinolone resistance in which 13 (48.18%) isolates harbored the qnrS gene, and 11 (40.74%) isolates harbored the qnrB gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that the isolates exhibited a high level of resistance against Cefpodoxime (90%), Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (70%), Ceftriaxone (60%), Cefotaxime (55%), Ceftazidime (45%), Ciprofloxacin (40%) and Aztreonam (30%).
Effects of 60 Degrees of Flexion and Perioperative Use of Tranexamic Acid on Recovery After Knee Replacement
Authors: Zhou Jiaxuan , Zhao Xinlei , Wang Beiyu , Liu Youcai , Wu Sha , Wang Jianguo , Liu Yanqing , Zhang Yijun 
Published: October 2024

Objective
To explore the effect of 60 knee flexion combined with multiple tranexamic acid application on postoperative recovery of knee replacement patients.

Methods
Knee replacement patients admitted to our hospital from February 2022 to February 2024 were selected as the study subjects, and randomly divided into 2 groups. Postoperative D-dimer, prothrombin time, and partial thrombin time were recorded in the 2 groups, and the differences between the 2 groups were compared. Erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte volume were recorded before, 1 day, and 3 days after surgery, and the affected limb circumference were also assessed.

Results
On the first and third day after surgery, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). The difference in visual analogue score (VAS) and circumference between the two groups on the first day and third day after surgery was compared, and the difference was statistically significant. The difference in VAS score and circumference was lower in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). After surgical treatment, knee joint function recovered, knee joint mobility, and Healthcare Security and Safety (HSS) score improved, and the difference between the experimental groups was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Perioperative 60° flexion combined with multiple tranexamic acids can significantly reduce blood loss in patients undergoing knee replacement surgery, increase red blood cells, hemoglobin levels, and red blood cell volume on postoperative days 1 and 3, and reduce postoperative swelling of the affected limb.
Aberrant expression of kallikrein‐related peptidase 7 is correlated with human melanoma aggressiveness by stimulating cell migration and invasion
Authors: Delaunay Tiphaine , Deschamps Lydia , Haddada Meriem , Walker Francine , Soosaipillai Antoninus , Soualmia Feryel , El Amri Chahrazade , Diamandis Eleftherios P. , Brattsand Maria , Magdolen Viktor , Darmoul Dalila 
Published: June 2017

Members of the tissue kallikrein‐related peptidase (KLK) family not only regulate several important physiological functions, but aberrant expression has also been associated with various malignancies. Clinically, KLKs have been suggested as promising biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in many types of cancer. As of yet, expression of KLKs and their role in skin cancers are, however, poorly addressed. Malignant melanoma is an aggressive disease associated with poor prognosis. Hence, diagnostic biomarkers to monitor melanoma progression are needed. Herein, we demonstrate that although mRNA of several KLKs are aberrantly expressed in melanoma cell lines, only the KLK7 protein is highly secreted in vitro. In line with these findings, ectopic expression of KLK7 in human melanomas and its absence in benign nevi were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in vivo. Interestingly, overexpression of KLK7 induced a significant reduction in melanoma cell proliferation and colony formation. Moreover, KLK7 overexpression triggered an increase in cell motility and invasion associated with decreased expression of E‐cadherin and an upregulation of MCAM/CD146. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that aberrant KLK7 expression leads to a switch from proliferative to invasive phenotype, suggesting a potential role of KLK7 in melanoma progression. Thus, we hypothesize that KLK7 may represent a potential biomarker for melanoma progression.
Doing ecohydrology backward: Inferring wetland flow and hydroperiod from landscape patterns
Authors: Acharya Subodh , Kaplan David A. , Jawitz James W. , Cohen Matthew J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHuman alterations to hydrology have globally impacted wetland ecosystems. Preventing or reversing these impacts is a principal focus of restoration efforts. However, restoration effectiveness is often hampered by limited information on historical landscape properties and hydrologic regime. To help address this gap, we developed a novel statistical approach for inferring flows and inundation frequency (i.e., hydroperiod, HP) in wetlands where changes in spatial vegetation and geomorphic patterns have occurred due to hydrologic alteration. We developed an analytical expression for HP as a transformation of the landscape‐scale stage‐discharge relationship. We applied this model to the Everglades “ridge‐slough” (RS) landscape, a patterned, lotic peatland in southern Florida that has been drastically degraded by compartmentalization, drainage, and flow diversions. The new method reliably estimated flow and HP for a range of RS landscape patterns. Crucially, ridge‐patch anisotropy and elevation above sloughs were strong drivers of flow‐HP relationships. Increasing ridge heights markedly increased flow required to achieve sufficient HP to support peat accretion. Indeed, ridge heights inferred from historical accounts would require boundary flows 3–4 times greater than today, which agrees with restoration flow estimates from more complex, spatially distributed models. While observed loss of patch anisotropy allows HP targets to be met with lower flows, such landscapes likely fail to support other ecological functions. This work helps inform restoration flows required to restore stable ridge‐slough patterning and positive peat accretion in this degraded ecosystem, and, more broadly, provides tools for exploring interactions between landscape and hydrology in lotic wetlands and floodplains.
Synthesis and Structure of N,N‐Dinitroamidoborane Complexes
Authors: Shitov Oleg P. , Tartakovsky Vladimir A. , Golovanov Ivan S. , Sukhorukov Alexey Yu. , Ioffe Sema L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA general approach to the synthesis of borohydride complexes containing one or two dinitroamide fragments has been suggested. Based on a smooth substitution of halide in haloborane or dibromoborane complexes with N,N‐dinitroamide salts, this method provides various N,N‐dinitroamidoboranes complexes in good yields and in analytically pure form. By means of spectroscopic and computational methods, it was demonstrated that dinitroamidoborane complexes could form as both B,N‐ and B,O‐isomers, which did not interconvert at ambient temperature.
Dual‐labeled chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for simultaneous measurement of total prostate specific antigen (TPSA) and free prostate specific antigen (FPSA)
Authors: Zhao Lixia , Wang Dan , Shi Gen , Lin Ling 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe specificity for early diagnostic of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) is low because the current technology mostly allows the detection of only one biomarker at one time. In this work, a dual‐labeled chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) for simultaneous measurement of total PSA (TPSA) and free PSA (FPSA) was proposed. Anti‐PSA McAb (Mab1) was immobilized on a microplate as the solid phase, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐labeled anti‐TPSA monoclonal antibody (McAb2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)‐labeled anti‐FPSA McAb3 were used as detection antibodies. Two chemiluminescence reactions of HRP with luminol and ALP with 4‐methoxy‐4‐(3‐phosphate‐phenyl)‐spiro‐(1,2‐dioxetane‐3,2′‐adamantane) (AMPPD) were used as the signal detecting system. Based on a sandwich model, the amount of FPSA and TPSA could be determined simultaneously. The effects of several physico‐chemical parameters were studied and optimized. Cross‐reactivities of six common tumor markers in serum were studied. The proposed method presented the sensitivity of 0.03 ng ml−1 and 0.05 ng ml−1 for FPSA and TPSA respectively, with low cross‐reactivities. Compared with the results from commercial chemiluminescent kits there was good correlation, indicating that this established method could be used to simultaneously to measure the concentrations of FPSA and TPSA in one serum sample and also could greatly facilitate the early diagnosis for PCa in clinical practice.
Clinical assessment to determine the risk of bowel cancer using Symptoms, Age, Mass and Iron deficiency anaemia (SAMI)
Authors: Thompson M R , O'Leary D P , Flashman K , Asiimwe A , Ellis B G , Senapati A 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to identify characteristics with independent predictive value for bowel cancer for use in the clinical assessment of patients attending colorectal outpatient clinics.

Methods
This was a 22-year (1986–2007) retrospective cohort analysis of data collected prospectively from patients who attended colorectal surgical outpatient clinics in Portsmouth. The data set was split randomly into two groups of patients to generate and validate a predictive model. Multivariable logistic regression was used to create and validate a system to predict outcome. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Hosmer–Lemeshow test were used to evaluate the model's predictive capability. The likelihood of bowel cancer was expressed as the odds ratio (OR).

Results
Data from 29 005 patients were analysed. Discrimination of the model for bowel cancer was high in the development (C-statistic 0·87, 95 per cent c.i. 0·85 to 0·88) and validation (C-statistic 0·86, 0·84 to 0·87) groups. The most important co-variables in the final model were: age (OR 3·17–27·10), rectal (OR 31·48) or abdominal (OR 1·83–8·45) mass, iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) (OR 4·42–8·38), rectal bleeding and change in bowel habit in combination (OR 5·37), change in bowel habit without rectal bleeding, with or without abdominal pain (OR 2·12–2·52), and rectal bleeding with no perianal symptoms and without change in bowel habit (OR 2·91). Some 91·5 per cent of bowel cancers presented with these characteristics, 40·4 per cent with a mass and/or IDA. In patients with at least one of these characteristics the overall risk of having cancer was 10·0 (range 6·5–50·4) per cent, compared with 1·1 (0·3–2·3) per cent in patients without them.

Conclusion
A clinical assessment that systematically identifies or excludes four symptom–age combinations, a mass and IDA (SAMI) stratifies patients as having a low and higher risk of having bowel cancer. This could improve patient selection for referral and investigation.
Review of HPLC and LC–MS/MS assays for the determination of various nonsteroidal anti‐androgens used in the treatment of prostate cancer
Authors: Suresh P.S. , Srinivas Nuggehally R. , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProstate cancer is the most common cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in men. One of the commonly used approaches to treat metastatic prostate cancer was via first‐generation nonsteroidal anti‐androgens (NSAAs), namely flutamide, nilutamide, bicalutamide and topilutamide. Most prostate cancer patients who are initially responsive develop the most aggressive form of disease called castration‐resistant prostate cancer. Second‐generation NSAA receptor antagonists (enzalutamide, apalutamide and darolutamide) are emerging as additional new options to treat castration‐resistant prostate cancer. The objective of this work was to review the literature on the bioanalytical methods for the quantification of first‐ and second‐generation NSAA inhibitors in clinical (human plasma) and preclinical (mouse plasma, rat plasma, urine and tissue homogenates etc.) studies along with relevant case studies for some chosen drugs. Based on the review, it was concluded that the published methodologies using either HPLC or LC–MS/MS are well suited for the quantification of NSAA inhibitors in various biological fluids to delineate pharmacokinetic data.
An exploration of the relationship between use of safety‐seeking behaviours and psychosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tully Sarah , Wells Adrian , Morrison Anthony P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSafety‐seeking behaviours are responses employed to protect against perceived threat. In relation to anxiety disorders, safety‐seeking behaviours have been implicated in both the formation and maintenance of distress. Several studies have highlighted similar findings in relation to psychosis; however, this literature has not yet been synthesized. This review is, therefore, being conducted in order to synthesize the literature on safety seeking in people with psychosis to increase the understanding of this relationship. A systematic search identified and included 43 studies comprising 2,592 participants, published between 1995 and 2015. The results indicated that people experiencing psychosis commonly respond to their experiences with behavioural and cognitive strategies intended to manage their difficulties. In relation to safety seeking, avoidance, and resistance, there was a pattern that these responses are associated with increased distress and appraisals of threat. The results relating to engagement response styles showed the opposite pattern. These results provide support for cognitive models of safety seeking and psychosis with many of the meta‐analyses reported here showing a clear pattern of association between behavioural responses and distress. However, the results reported within individual studies are mixed. This appears to be particularly true with the response style of distraction, with our analyses unable to clarify this relationship. It is possible that the mixed results could reflect the complexities in defining safety seeking and distinguishing it from coping in this population. The clinical implications of this are discussed.
Long‐term belowground effects of grassland management: the key role of liming
Authors: Heyburn Jemma , McKenzie Paul , Crawley Michael J. , Fornara Dario A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe functioning of human‐managed grassland ecosystems strongly depends on how common management practices will affect grassland “belowground compartment” including soil biogeochemistry and plant roots. Key questions remain about how animal grazing, liming (e.g., the addition of CaCO3 to soils), and nutrient fertilization might affect, in the long‐term, soil nutrient cycling and multiple root traits. Here we focus on a mesotrophic grassland located in Berkshire, UK, where contrasting levels of rabbit grazing, liming, and different inorganic fertilizers have been applied since 1991. We ask how (1) soil nitrogen (N) availability and cycling, (2) total root mass, (3) root mass decomposition, and (4) arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) root colonization might respond to 22 years of very different management. We found that liming strongly affected total root mass, root decomposition, root AMF colonization as well as soil N availability and cycling and that these effects were mainly driven by liming‐induced increases in soil pH. Increases in soil pH were associated with significant (1) decreases in root mass, (2) increases in root mass decomposability and in the mineralization of N in decomposing root detritus, and (3) increases in AMF infection. Soil pH was also significantly related to greater N availability (i.e., soil NO3 levels) and to lower δ15N natural abundance, which suggests more efficient N uptake by plants in limed soils as we found in our study. The application of multiple nutrients (N, P, K, Mg) also reduced total root mass, while N‐only fertilization was associated with greater AMF infection. Surprisingly the long‐term impact of grazing was generally weak and not significant on most plant and soil parameters. Despite soil pH affecting most belowground variables, changes in soil pH were not associated with any change in soil C and N stocks. Because liming can improve nutrient cycling (and benefits soil pH and grass yields) without negatively affecting soil C sequestration, we suggest that regular liming applications may provide management solutions for increasing the long‐term sustainability of permanent grassland.