bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quenching or Bursting: The Role of Stellar Mass, Environment, and Specific Star Formation Rate to
Authors: Darvish Behnam , Martin Christopher , Gonçalves Thiago S. , Mobasher Bahram , Scoville Nick Z. , Sobral David 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Using a novel approach, we study the quenching and bursting of galaxies as a function of stellar mass (M
*), local environment (Σ), and specific star formation rate (sSFR) using a large spectroscopic sample of ∼123,000 GALEX/SDSS and ∼420 GALEX/COSMOS/LEGA-C galaxies to z ∼ 1. We show that out to z ∼ 1 and at fixed sSFR and local density, on average, less massive galaxies are quenching, whereas more massive systems are bursting, with a quenching/bursting transition at

and likely a short quenching/bursting timescale (≲300 Myr). We find that much of the bursting of star formation happens in massive (

), high-sSFR galaxies (log(sSFR/Gyr−1) ≳ −2), particularly those in the field (log(Σ/Mpc−2) ≲0 and, among group galaxies, satellites more than centrals). Most of the quenching of star formation happens in low-mass (

), low-sSFR galaxies (log(sSFR/Gyr−1) ≲ −2), in particular those located in dense environments (log(Σ/Mpc−2) ≳1), indicating the combined effects of M
* and Σ in the quenching/bursting of galaxies since z ∼ 1. However, we find that stellar mass has stronger effects than environment on the recent quenching/bursting of galaxies to z ∼ 1. At any given M
*, sSFR, and environment, centrals are quenchier (quenching faster) than satellites in an average sense. We also find evidence for the strength of mass and environmental quenching being stronger at higher redshift. Our preliminary results have potential implications for the physics of quenching/bursting in galaxies across cosmic time.
Evolution of Photospheric Flow and Magnetic Fields Associated with the 2015 June 22 M6.5 Flare
Authors: Wang Jiasheng , Liu Chang , Deng Na , Wang Haimin 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The evolution of photospheric flow and magnetic fields before and after flares can provide important information regarding the flare triggering and back-reaction processes. However, such studies on the flow field are rare due to the paucity of high-resolution observations covering the entire flaring period. Here we study the structural evolution of penumbra and shear flows associated with the 2015 June 22 M6.5 flare in NOAA AR 12371, using high-resolution imaging observation in the TiO band taken by the 1.6 m Goode Solar Telescope at Big Bear Solar Observatory, with the aid of the differential affine velocity estimator method for flow tracking. The accompanied photospheric vector magnetic field changes are also analyzed using data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. As a result, we found, for a penumbral segment in the negative field adjacent to the magnetic polarity inversion line (PIL), an enhancement of penumbral flows (up to an unusually high value of ∼2 km s−1) and extension of penumbral fibrils after the first peak of the flare hard X-ray emission. We also found an area at the PIL, which is co-spatial with a precursor brightening kernel, that exhibits a gradual increase of shear flow velocity (up to ∼0.9 km s−1) after the flare. The enhancing penumbral and shear flow regions are also accompanied by an increase of horizontal field and decrease of magnetic inclination angle (measured from the solar surface). These results are discussed in the context of the theory of back-reaction of coronal restructuring on the photosphere as a result of flare energy release.
Generation of Kappa Distributions in Solar Wind at 1 au
Authors: Livadiotis G. , Desai M. I. , Wilson L. B. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We examine the generation of kappa distributions in the solar wind plasma near 1 au. Several mechanisms are mentioned in the literature, each characterized by a specific relationship between the solar wind plasma features, the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and the kappa index—the parameter that governs the kappa distributions. This relationship serves as a signature condition that helps the identification of the mechanism in the plasma. In general, a mechanism that generates kappa distributions involves a single or a series of stochastic or physical processes that induces local correlations among particles. We identify three fundamental solar wind plasma conditions that can generate kappa distributions, noted as (i) Debye shielding, (ii) frozen IMF, and (iii) temperature fluctuations, each one prevailing in different scales of solar wind plasma and magnetic field properties. Moreover, our findings show that the kappa distributions, and thus, their generating mechanisms, vary significantly with solar wind features: (i) the kappa index has different dependence on the solar wind speed for slow and fast modes, i.e., slow wind is characterized by a quasi-constant kappa index, κ ≈ 4.3 ± 0.7, while fast wind exhibits kappa indices that increase with bulk speed; (ii) the dispersion of magnetosonic waves is more effective for lower kappa indices (i.e., further from thermal equilibrium); and (iii) the kappa and polytropic indices are positively correlated, as it was anticipated by the theory.
A Large Catalog of Multiwavelength GRB Afterglows. I. Color Evolution and Its Physical Implication
Authors: Li Liang , Wang Yu , Shao Lang , Wu Xue-Feng , Huang Yong-Feng , Zhang Bing , Ryde Felix , Yu Hoi-Fung 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The spectrum of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows can be studied with color indices. Here, we present a large comprehensive catalog of 70 GRBs with multiwavelength optical transient data on which we perform a systematic study to find the temporal evolution of color indices. We categorize them into two samples based on how well the color indices are evaluated. The Golden sample includes 25 bursts mostly observed by GROND, and the Silver sample includes 45 bursts observed by other telescopes. For the Golden sample, we find that 96% of the color indices do not vary over time. However, the color indices do vary during short periods in most bursts. The observed variations are consistent with effects of (i) the cooling frequency crossing the studied energy bands in a wind medium (43%) and in a constant-density medium (30%), (ii) early dust extinction (12%), (iii) transition from reverse-shock to forward-shock emission (5%), or (iv) an emergent SN emission (10%). We also study the evolutionary properties of the mean color indices for different emission episodes. We find that 86% of the color indices in the 70 bursts show constancy between consecutive ones. The color index variations occur mainly during the late GRB–SN bump, the flare, and early reverse-shock emission components. We further perform a statistical analysis of various observational properties and model parameters (spectral index

, electron spectral indices p
CI, etc.) using color indices. Overall, we conclude that ∼90% of colors are constant in time and can be accounted for by the simplest external forward-shock model, while the varying color indices call for more detailed modeling.
Semences de blé ancien
Authors: Bucolo Elisabetta 
Published: February 2018

La réflexion sur les communs apporte un éclairage significatif pour l’économie, le droit et la sociologie. En effet, elle ouvre des débats qui réhabilitent une pensée alternative à la doxa économique, au déterminisme juridique ainsi qu’à l’individualisme méthodologique. Ces approches nous aident à comprendre la capacité des acteurs à « agir ensemble » et à se mobiliser pour faire valoir des modes de gestion, de production et de consommation qui s’inscrivent dans le vécu de collectifs d’acteurs ou de communautés territoriales. Dans ce sens, nous nous sommes intéressés aux collectifs œuvrant à la préservation de variétés de semences de blé ancien en Sicile pour saisir les enjeux liés à ces initiatives et leurs apports dans le cadre du débat international sur la biodiversité et la souveraineté alimentaire.
En quête des communs urbains
Authors: Cavé Jérémie 
Published: February 2018

Sur la base d’investigations empiriques dans l’agglomération de Vitória (Brésil), nous analysons ici la gestion conflictuelle des déchets urbains sous l’angle des biens communs. La mise en place du service public de collecte sélective suscite en effet des heurts entre les agents (publics et privés) du service municipal et les récupérateurs (formels et informels). À travers la mise en évidence de la dynamique propre à un bassin commun de ressources (BCR) ostromien, nous montrons qu’il peut être fécond d’appréhender le gisement urbain de déchets comme un BCR. Au-delà, la mobilisation de la notion de droits d’usage permet, à la lumière des initiatives de régulation à l’œuvre à Vitória, d’envisager un service semi-décentralisé des déchets.
Genèse d’un ouvrage collectif : le Dictionnaire des biens communs
Authors: Cornu Marie , Orsi Fabienne , Rochfeld Judith 
Published: February 2018

Ce dictionnaire est né de la rencontre de juristes, d’économistes et d’historiens autour d’un projet de l’Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR) axé sur les communs de la connaissance. Cette recherche, entreprise sous une perspective pluridisciplinaire, impliquait tout d’abord de s’entendre sur les notions qu’utilise chaque discipline dans la réflexion sur les communs. Si nous sommes parties de l’approche développée par Elinor Ostrom et l’École de Bloomington, il ne s’est pas agi de réduire le champ de la confrontation à une seule notion de « commun », mais d’élargir à et de restituer toutes les notions de « commun » ainsi que les notions voisines ou concepts fondamentaux réinvestis à l’aune des communs. L’objectif était aussi de faire une place importante aux expériences novatrices, qu’elles soient savantes ou citoyennes.
Delirium Assessment Tools for Use in Critically Ill Adults: A Psychometric Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Gélinas Céline , Bérubé Mélanie , Chevrier Annie , Pun Brenda T. , Ely E. Wesley , Skrobik Yoanna , Barr Juliana 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUNDDelirium is highly prevalent in critically ill patients. Its detection with valid tools is crucial.OBJECTIVETo analyze the development and psychometric properties of delirium assessment tools for critically ill adults.METHODSDatabases were searched to identify relevant studies. Inclusion criteria were English language, publication before January 2015, 30 or more patients, and patient population of critically ill adults (&gt;18 years old). Search terms were delirium, scales, critically ill patients, adult, validity, and reliability. Thirty-six manuscripts were identified, encompassing 5 delirium assessment tools (Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU), Cognitive Test for Delirium, Delirium Detection Score, Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC), and Nursing Delirium Screening Scale). Two independent reviewers analyzed the psychometric properties of these tools by using a standardized scoring system (range, 0–20) to assess the tool development process, reliability, validity, feasibility, and implementation of each tool.RESULTSPsychometric properties were very good for the CAM-ICU (19.6) and the ICDSC (19.2), moderate for the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (13.6), low for the Delirium Detection Score (11.2), and very low for the Cognitive Test for Delirium (8.2).CONCLUSIONSThe results indicate that the CAM-ICU and the ICDSC are the most valid and reliable delirium assessment tools for critically ill adults. Additional studies are needed to further validate these tools in critically ill patients with neurological disorders and those at various levels of sedation or consciousness.
Influência dos sangradouros na sensibilidade ao óleo das praias arenosas do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Oliveira Elaine Baroni , Nicolodi Joao Luiz 
Published: February 2018

No Brasil, a Lei 9.966/00 atribuiu ao Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA) a responsabilidade na identificação, localização e definição dos limites de áreas ecologicamente sensíveis com relação à poluição causada por derramamento de óleo e outras substâncias nocivas ou perigosas em águas sob jurisdição nacional. Tal definição se dá pela aplicação do Índice de Sensibilidade do Litoral (ISL). O ISL é um índice que classifica a sensibilidade da costa ao óleo baseado nas características geomorfológicas do litoral, mas, para costas arenosas como a do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), este índice não é totalmente eficaz, já que a classificação não leva em conta alguns parâmetros locais importantes, como por exemplo, os sangradouros existentes ao longo do litoral. Este trabalho determina a influência do sangradouro na sensibilidade ao óleo com a posterior inserção desta variável no ISL. A metodologia envolveu a digitalização e validação da posição dos sangradouros e ambientes, a criação do mapa de inundação e, por fim, a hierarquização dos trechos mais sensíveis. Os resultados mostraram que durante elevações do nível do mar, áreas naturais com a presença de sangradouros sofreram inundação de até 300 metros. Dentro desta área são encontrados diferentes ambientes, que segundo o ISL, são mais sensíveis. Durante um derramamento de óleo, estes ambientes estariam expostos não só à ação do mar, mas também ao óleo derramado. Os trechos onde estas condições ocorrem (alta densidade de sangradouros associados e presença de ambientes sensíveis), foram considerados de prioridade de proteção e demarcados na Carta SAO através da sobreposição de um ícone de sangradouro no mapa. Conclui-se que se os sangradouros fossem considerados como uma variável na definição de sensibilidade, o mapeamento de ISL das bacias sedimentares do sul do país seriam qualificados, tornando seus resultados mais realísticos.
Evolução da planície costeira das Praias do Sul e do Leste – Ilha Grande/RJ: implicações sobre a presença humana pre-histórica e contribuições para a reconstrução paleoambiental holocênica
Authors: Silva Rafael Cuellar de Oliveira , Dias Gilberto Tavares de Macedo 
Published: February 2018

A área de estudo deste trabalho possui ambientes lagunares bem preservados e sítios arqueológicos com idade de 3.000 anos AP. Dados altimétricos e análises de imagens aéreas permitiram a identificação de duas barreiras arenosas. Considerando a variação holocênica do nível relativo do mar, concluiu-se que a barreira interna possui idade pleistocênica. A externa, que inclui as praias atuais, formou-se durante a transgressão holocênica. Antigas desembocaduras fluvio-lagunares holocênicas apresentam-se nos extremos ocidental da Praia do Sul e oriental da Praia do Leste. O estabelecimento de um sítio arqueológico na barreira holocênica pode estar relacionado à antiga desembocadura na Praia do Leste. Neste caso, é possível que este sítio seja mais antigo do que o sítio do Ilhote, o qual pode ter sido ocupado somente a partir de 3.000 anos AP porque o nível do mar em rebaixamento teria facilitado o acesso. A sedimentação das lagoas tem sido investigada e apresentam-se resultados preliminares da análise de duas sondagens a percussão realizadas na Lagoa do Sul. A base do testemunho LS01 foi datada por 14C em 2.477 – 2.138 anos cal AP, a 116 cm, e do testemunho LS02, em 5.309 – 4.986 anos cal AP, a 136 cm. Os sedimentos lagunares são formados por lama orgânica de origem mista a terrestre, com camadas ricas em conchas e lentes arenosas de quartzo, interpretadas como resultado de episódios de enxurradas típicas da região, com alta pluviosidade. A sedimentação e a razão C:N indicam estabilidade ambiental com clima úmido nos últimos ~5.000 anos AP. Entre 1.394 – 1.174 e 795 – 481 anos cal AP ocorreu o intervalo mais úmido, com: (i) deposição concentrada de conchas e (ii) maior aporte de terrígenos. Maior quantidade de lentes arenosas foi depositada a partir de 3.066 – 2.647 anos cal AP, sugerindo maior frequência de chuvas intensas desde então.
Diagnostická baterie kognitivních procesů (CAS2): Recenze metody
Authors: Pírko Martin 
Published: February 2018

V souladu se závěry zahraničních recenzentů (Acheson, 2017; Champ Morera, 2017; McGill, 2015) považujeme CAS2 za originální metodu, která je velice jednoduše administrovatelná a jež má kvalitně zpracované testové materiály. CAS2 oproti jiným dostupným testům kognitivních schopností nabízí ipsativní analýzu, tedy na statistice založenou identifikaci silných a slabých stránek probanda. Přes drobné nedostatky můžeme CAS2 doporučit s jistou opatrností k běžnému užívání, a to hlavně díky aktuálním českým normám vytvořeným na základě poměrně velkého standardizačního souboru. Je však nutné počítat s tím, že normy jsou pravděpodobně o něco „tvrdší“ v důsledku nižšího zastoupení rodičů respondentů s nižším vzděláním.
Everyday Media Play
Authors: Johansen Stine Liv 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY, THERE SEEMS TO BE A CONCEPTION THAT CHILDREN’S PLAY HAS DRAMATICALLY CHANGED OR THAT IT HAS BEEN DEPLOYED BY THE MASSIVE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL MEDIA AND TECHNOLOGY. YET, WITHIN A FRAMEWORK OF MEDIATIZATION AND PRACTICE THEORY, AND BASED ON EXTENSIVE ETHNOGRAPHIES IN EVERYDAY CONTEXTS OF CHILDREN, DIFFERENT NARRATIVES, GENRES AND COMMUNICATIVE PATTERNS OCCUR. IN THIS ARTICLE, THE AUTHOR DRAWS A BROADER PICTURE OF THE CURRENT STATE OF PLAY IN THE LIVES OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE, POINTING TO RELEVANT DILEMMAS AND NUANCES IN THE FIELD.
Spatial and temporal patterns of human Puumala virus (PUUV) infections in Germany
Authors: Cunze Sarah , Kochmann Judith , Kuhn Thomas , Frank Raphael , Dörge Dorian D. , Klimpel Sven 
Published: February 2018

Background
Worldwide, the number of recorded human hantavirus infections as well as the number of affected countries is on the rise. In Europe, most human hantavirus infections are caused by the Puumala virus (PUUV), with bank voles (Myodes glareolus) as reservoir hosts. Generally, infection outbreaks have been related to environmental conditions, particularly climatic conditions, food supply for the reservoir species and land use. However, although attempts have been made, the insufficient availability of environmental data is often hampering accurate temporal and spatially explicit models of human hantavirus infections.

Methods
In the present study, dynamics of human PUUV infections between 2001 and 2015 were explored using ArcGIS in order to identify spatio-temporal patterns.

Results
Percentage cover of forest area was identified as an important factor for the spatial pattern, whereas beech mast was found explaining temporal patterns of human PUUV infections in Germany. High numbers of infections were recorded in 2007, 2010 and 2012 and areas with highest records were located in Baden-Wuerttemberg (southwest Germany) and North Rhine-Westphalia (western Germany).

Conclusion
More reliable data on reservoir host distribution, pathogen verification as well as an increased awareness of physicians are some of the factors that should improve future human infection risk assessments in Germany.
Evolutionary dynamics of GII.17 norovirus
Authors: Sang Shaowei , Yang Xiaoyun 
Published: February 2018

Background
During the winter of 2014–2015, a rarely reported norovirus (NoV) genotype GII.17 was found to have increased its frequency in norovirus outbreaks in East Asia, surpassing the GII.4 NoV infections. GII.17 genotype has been detected for over three decades in the world. The aim of this study is to examine the evolutionary dynamics of GII.17 over the last four decades.

Methods
NoV GII.17 sequences with complete or nearly complete VP1 were downloaded from GenBank and the phylogenetic analyses were then conducted.

Results
The maximum likelihood analysis showed that GII.17 genotype could be divided into four different clades (Clades A–D). The strains detected after 2012, which could be the cause of the outbreaks, were separated into Clades C–D with their mean amino acid distance being 4.5%. Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo analyses indicated that the rate of nucleotide substitution per sites was 1.68 × 10−3 nucleotide substitutions/site/year and the time of the most recent common ancestor was 1840. The P2 subdomain of GII.17 was highly variable with 44% (56/128) amino acids variations including two insertions at positions 295–296 and one deletion at position 385 (Clades C and D) and one insertion at position 375 (Clade D). Variations existed in Epitopes A, B and D corresponding to GII.4 and human histo-blood group antigens binding site I in P2 subdomain.

Conclusion
The novel GII.17 strains that caused outbreaks in 2013–2015 may have two new variants. The evolvement of HBGAs binding site and epitopes in P2 subdomain might contribute to the novel GII.17 strains predominance in some regions.
Earthquakes in Kansas Induced by Extremely Far‐Field Pressure Diffusion
Authors: Peterie Shelby L. , Miller Richard D. , Intfen John W. , Gonzales Julio B. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPressure diffusion from high‐volume saltwater disposal wells near the Kansas‐Oklahoma border appears to have contributed to triggering earthquakes as far as 90 km away. Elevated seismicity that began in southern Kansas in 2013 is largely believed to be induced by pore pressure increase from dozens of disposal wells injecting unprecedented volumes. Earthquakes initially occurred in dense swarms near the wells, and in subsequent years migrated into surrounding areas with minimal fluid injection. By 2017, earthquakes advanced 90 km from areas surrounding the high‐volume injection wells into areas with considerable fluid injection volumes but historically consistent rates. Fluid pressure within the injection interval in southern Kansas increased subsequent to high‐volume saltwater disposal in southern Kansas and northern Oklahoma. Temporal pressure trends across central Kansas suggest that fluid migration and pressure diffusion from cumulative disposal to the south likely induced earthquakes much farther than previously documented for individual injection wells.
A Generalized Equatorial Model for the Accelerating Solar Wind
Authors: Tasnim S. , Cairns Iver H. , Wheatland M. S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA new theoretical model for the solar wind is developed that includes the wind's acceleration, conservation of angular momentum, deviations from corotation, and nonradial velocity and magnetic field components from an inner boundary (corresponding to the onset of the solar wind) to beyond 1 AU. The model uses a solution of the time‐steady isothermal equation of motion to describe the acceleration and analytically predicts the Alfvénic critical radius. We fit the model to near‐Earth observations of the Wind spacecraft during the solar rotation period of 1–27 August 2010. The resulting data‐driven model demonstrates the existence of noncorotating, nonradial flows and fields from the inner boundary (r = rs) outward and predicts the magnetic field B = (Br,Bϕ), velocity v = (vr,vϕ), and density n(r,ϕ,t), which vary with heliocentric distance r, heliolatitude ϕ, and time t in a Sun‐centered standard inertial plane. The description applies formally only in the equatorial plane. In a frame corotating with the Sun, the transformed velocity
and a field
are not parallel, resulting in an electric field with a component
along the z axis. The resulting
drift lies in the equatorial plane, while the ∇B and curvature drifts are out of the plane. Together these may lead to enhanced scattering/heating of sufficiently energetic particles. The model predicts that deviations δvϕ from corotation at the inner boundary are common, with δvϕ(rs,ϕs,ts) comparable to the transverse velocities due to granulation and supergranulation motions. Abrupt changes in δvϕ(rs,ϕs,ts) are interpreted in terms of converging and diverging flows at the cell boundaries and centers, respectively. Large‐scale variations in the predicted angular momentum demonstrate that the solar wind can drive vorticity and turbulence from near the Sun to 1 AU and beyond.