bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An unusual case of feline acute corneal hydrops: atypical disease presentation and possible in vivo detection of Descemet's membrane detachment in the cat's unaffected eye
Authors: Schlesener Brittany N. , Scott Erin M. , Vallone Lucien V. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA 1‐year‐old, female spayed, domestic shorthair cat presented for blepharospasm of the right eye. Slit‐lamp biomicroscopic examination showed focal corneal ulceration and presumptive keratomalacia of the right eye. Examination of the left eye was normal apart from a focal endothelial opacity. Within the first 24 h of medical management, the right eye developed marked corneal edema and globular anterior protrusion of the corneal surface consistent with feline acute corneal hydrops (FACH). Surgical management consisted of a bridge conjunctival graft, nictitating membrane flap, and temporary tarsorrhaphy. Resolution of corneal edema and pain occurred in the right eye within 24 days. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) of the anterior segment was performed in both eyes. Conjunctival tissue from the bridge graft precluded examination of deeper corneal structures in the right eye. The left eye displayed a focal separation of the corneal endothelium and Descemet's membrane from the overlying stroma. These SD‐OCT findings are similar to the analogous syndrome found in humans and represent a potential etiology for FACH of the right eye in the case presented here. Unfortunately, the cat was lost to follow‐up and the progression of this lesion to FACH in the left eye could not be determined.
Antimicrobial resistance trends in Escherichia coli isolated from diseased food‐producing animals in France: A 14‐year period time‐series study
Authors: Boireau C. , Morignat É. , Cazeau G. , Jarrige N. , Jouy É. , Haenni M. , Madec J.‐Y. , Leblond A. , Gay É. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) among bacteria isolated from food‐producing animals is a growing concern with implications for public health. AMR surveillance is essential to identify resistance trends and help in the design of effective and efficient control strategies. The aim of the study was to describe the antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from three livestock productions in France (cattle, swine and poultry). The trend in resistance to the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in animal health was analysed as follows: amoxicillin (penicillin), spectinomycin or streptomycin (aminoglycoside), tetracycline and trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole/Enrofloxacin and ceftiofur were also taken into account as members of critically important antimicrobial families in human and veterinary medicine, that is fluoroquinolones and third‐generation cephalosporins, respectively. Data collected between 2002 and 2015 by the French national surveillance network of AMR referred to as RESAPATH were analysed. Resistance trends were investigated using non‐linear analysis (generalized additive models) applied to time‐series stratified by livestock production and antibiotic. Irrespective of the species and the antibiotic considered, resistance signals over time showed no significant annual cycle. Resistance to third‐generation cephalosporins emerged during the period of the study, with a peak at 22% [20.5; 24.0] in poultry in 2010, decreasing afterwards, while it remained consistently below 10% for the other species. The proportion of resistance to fluoroquinolones was broadly similar between species and remained under 30%, with a slight decreasing trend after 2009. Resistances to tetracycline and amoxicillin remained high, between 90% and 40% over time in cattle and swine. After 2010, there was a decrease in resistance to these antibiotics for all species, especially to tetracycline for poultry with a drop from 84% in 2009 to 43% in 2015. These results contribute to risk assessment and constitute objective evidence on which to evaluate the efficacy of control measures implemented to limit AMR occurrence.
Clinical characteristics of children presenting with a suspicion or allegation of historic sexual abuse
Authors: Al-Jilaihawi Sarah , Borg Kevin , Jamieson Katharine , Maguire Sabine , Hodes Deborah 
Published: November 2017

IntroductionPolice-recorded sexual offences against children and young people (CYP) increased 85% in the UK between 2010/2011 and 2014/2015. Many children delay disclosure, but little data are available regarding characteristics of CYP presenting withhistoricchild sexual abuse (CSA).AimTo identify the clinical and CSA-related characteristics of CYP presenting with a suspicion or allegation ofhistoricCSA.MethodData were collected on all CYP<17 years presenting with suspected or allegedhistoricCSA (ie, >3 days since last sexual assault in prepubertal children, >7 days pubertal girls) between October 2009 and November 2014. Data collected: source and indication for referral, alleged perpetrator, physical findings. Findings supportive of CSA were peer reviewed for consensus agreement. Analysis: χ2test, Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression.ResultsAmong 249 CYP, presentation with physical/behavioural symptoms was associated with age <13 years (p<0.01), and alleged penetration with ages 13–17 years (p<0.01). Where known, time since alleged CSA ranged from 1 week to 13 months. Anogenital findings supportive of CSA were present in 7% of examined children (16/233), significantly associated with alleged penetration (p<0.01) and more likely with increasing age (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.72). Additionally, where tested, sexually transmitted infections (STI) were detected in 2.6% CYP (3/116). Alleged perpetrators were intrafamilial in 66% (126/190). No associations were identified between perpetrator type and gender (p=1.0), age (p=0.7) or indication for referral (p=0.35).ConclusionsDespite significant time delay since the alleged CSA, this study highlights the persistence of anogenital findings supportive of CSA in 7% and STIs in 2.6% of CYP.
“It was kind of like if it happens it happens. It wasn’t planned, it wasn’t intentional”: Young mothers’ experiences with subsequent pregnancy in Ottawa, Canada
Authors: Fortier Elyse , Foster Angel M. 
Published: November 2017

Young mothers constitute a vulnerable population in Canada. Teens with children are at significant risk of subsequent pregnancy, a dynamic that can exacerbate health, emotional, and socio-economic challenges. We aimed to understand better the dynamics shaping “rapid repeat pregnancy” among young mothers in Ottawa, explore young mothers’ subsequent pregnancy experiences, and identify how services could be improved in Canada’s capital. In 2016, we conducted in-depth interviews with 10 young mothers and semi-structured interviews with 10 key informants working with pregnant and parenting youth. We analyzed interviews for content and themes using a multi-phased, iterative process. Four major themes emerged: (1) young mothers often plan their pregnancies actively or passively; (2) violence before, during, and after pregnancy is common; (3) mental health and substance abuse issues shape pregnancy risk; and (4) becoming pregnant often serves as a source of motivation for young mothers. Our results further indicate that young mothers have difficulty finding youth-friendly, non-judgmental support services and that integrated, multidisciplinary services offering individually tailored support and building on women’s strengths will likely be more successful in helping young mothers prevent subsequent pregnancies. Increasing awareness about existing services and supporting efforts that approach teen pregnancy comprehensively and holistically appear warranted.
Role of karst denudation on the accurate assessment of glacio-eustasy and tectonic uplift on carbonate coasts
Authors: Mylroie John E. , Mylroie Joan R. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Quaternary glacio-eustasy has traditionally been determined in part by the examination of fossil coral reefs on carbonate islands and coasts uplifted by tectonics. These studies do not properly account for dissolutional denudation, which is cumulative, making higher and therefore older terraces exist at elevations far below their assumed depositional elevation. Karst pedestals (karrentische) on Guam reveal the extent of the denudation (
c.
50 mm ka
−1
) and demonstrate that theoretical denudation models can be accurately applied to eogenetic carbonates in tropical settings. Aeolian calcarenite islands such as the Bahamas have been used as tectonically stable sea-level calibrations for other islands, which may not be correct. Flank margin caves, forming in the distal margin of the freshwater lens within a carbonate island, are excellent sea-level indicators. Analysis of flank margin cave elevations indicates that the Bahamas have had past sea-level highstands >6 m, perhaps up to 15 m or more, for which no fossil coral data exist. Denudational removal of these older corals has biased the record to younger events and only flank margin caves remain as viable terrestrial signatures of these older sea-level highstands.
Safety and Efficacy of Intratumoral Injections of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Tchou Julia , Zhao Yangbing , Levine Bruce L. , Zhang Paul J , Davis Megan M. , Melenhorst Jan Joseph , Kulikovskaya Irina , Brennan Andrea L , Liu Xiaojun , Lacey Simon F. , Posey Avery D. , Williams Austin D. , So Alycia , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Plesa Gabriela , Young Regina M. , McGettigan Shannon , Campbell Jean , Pierce Robert H. , Matro Jennifer M. , DeMichele Angela M. , Clark Amy S. , Cooper Laurence J. , Schuchter Lynn M. , Vonderheide Robert H. , June Carl H. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) are synthetic molecules that provide new specificities to T cells. Although successful in treatment of hematologic malignancies, CAR T cells are ineffective for solid tumors to date. We found that the cell-surface molecule c-Met was expressed in ∼50% of breast tumors, prompting the construction of a CAR T cell specific for c-Met, which halted tumor growth in immune-incompetent mice with tumor xenografts. We then evaluated the safety and feasibility of treating metastatic breast cancer with intratumoral administration of mRNA-transfected c-Met-CAR T cells in a phase 0 clinical trial (NCT01837602). Introducing the CAR construct via mRNA ensured safety by limiting the nontumor cell effects (on-target/off-tumor) of targeting c-Met. Patients with metastatic breast cancer with accessible cutaneous or lymph node metastases received a single intratumoral injection of 3 × 107 or 3 × 108 cells. CAR T mRNA was detectable in peripheral blood and in the injected tumor tissues after intratumoral injection in 2 and 4 patients, respectively. mRNA c-Met-CAR T cell injections were well tolerated, as none of the patients had study drug–related adverse effects greater than grade 1. Tumors treated with intratumoral injected mRNA c-Met-CAR T cells were excised and analyzed by immunohistochemistry, revealing extensive tumor necrosis at the injection site, cellular debris, loss of c-Met immunoreactivity, all surrounded by macrophages at the leading edges and within necrotic zones. We conclude that intratumoral injections of mRNA c-Met-CAR T cells are well tolerated and evoke an inflammatory response within tumors. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(12); 1152–61. ©2017 AACR.
Angiographic and Clinical Characteristics of Thoracolumbar Spinal Epidural and Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Kiyosue Hiro , Matsumaru Yuji , Niimi Yasunari , Takai Keisuke , Ishiguro Tomoya , Hiramatsu Masafumi , Tatebayashi Kotaro , Takagi Toshinori , Yoshimura Shinichi 
Published: November 2017

Background and Purpose—
The purpose of this study is to compare the angiographic and clinical characteristics of spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SEAVFs) and spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) of the thoracolumbar spine.

Methods—
A total of 168 cases diagnosed as spinal dural or extradural arteriovenous fistulas of the thoracolumbar spine were collected from 31 centers. Angiography and clinical findings, including symptoms, sex, and history of spinal surgery/trauma, were retrospectively reviewed. Angiographic images were evaluated, with a special interest in spinal levels, feeders, shunt points, a shunted epidural pouch and its location, and drainage pattern, by 6 readers to reach a consensus.

Results—

The consensus diagnoses by the 6 readers were SDAVFs in 108 cases, SEAVFs in 59 cases, and paravertebral arteriovenous fistulas in 1 case. Twenty-nine of 59 cases (49%) of SEAVFs were incorrectly diagnosed as SDAVFs at the individual centers. The thoracic spine was involved in SDAVFs (87%) more often than SEAVFs (17%). Both types of arteriovenous fistulas were predominant in men (82% and 73%) and frequently showed progressive myelopathy (97% and 92%). A history of spinal injury/surgery was more frequently found in SEAVFs (36%) than in SDAVFs (12%;
P
=0.001). The shunt points of SDAVFs were medial to the medial interpedicle line in 77%, suggesting that SDAVFs commonly shunt to the bridging vein. All SEAVFs formed an epidural shunted pouch, which was frequently located in the ventral epidural space (88%) and drained into the perimedullary vein (75%), the paravertebral veins (10%), or both (15%).

Conclusions—
SDAVFs and SEAVFs showed similar symptoms and male predominance. SDAVFs frequently involve the thoracic spine and shunt into the bridging vein. SEAVFs frequently involve the lumbar spine and form a shunted pouch in the ventral epidural space draining into the perimedullary vein.
The Case of a Christian Governor in Jakarta as a Sign of Times for Catholics (and Christians) in Indonesia
Authors: Binawan Andang L 
Published: November 2017

Blasphemy charges against Ahok (BasukiTjahajaPurnama), as he contested Jakarta’s gubernatorial election, turned into a test of how successful Islamic hardliners can be in exercising influence on the moderate Muslim majority. Ahok was the first Chinese Christian governor of Jakarta in the contemporary times enjoying immense popularity. His political rivals, who are a group of extreme Muslims, exploited religious sentiment to win the election. This governor election, then, seemingly became a battle between the moderate majority, who mostly support Ahok, and the hardliners, who are clearly outnumbered.
This case points to the emergence of an iceberg appearing from the Islamic movement, some seventy years after the political independence of Indonesia. Though it does not indicate whether Indonesia will in the near future become an Islamic state, it is clear that the pendulum is swinging from the middle to the right. Responding to this recent development, minorities, especially Christians including Catholics, should redefine their place in Indonesia.
Two new species of free-living nematodes genera Microlaimus de Man, 1880 and Aponema Jensen, 1978 (Nematoda: Microlaimidae) from the Black Sea
Authors: REVKOVA TATIANA N. 
Published: November 2017

Two new species of the family Microlaimidae Micoletzky, 1922 are described and illustrated from the Black Sea. Aponema pontica sp. n. is morphologically closest to A. torosum in the shape of the body and spicules, size of amphids, but differs in having small and triangular cardia, absence of constriction in head region, shape of gubernaculum apophyses, rounded and weakly sclerotised lumen of pharyngeal bulb and longer spicules. Microlaimus paraglobiceps sp. n. morphologically resembles M. globiceps de Man, 1880 in the shape of the body, structure of the male sexual organs and presence of precloacal pore, but the main difference is a shorter body, cuticle finely annulated all over the body and absence of sexual dimorphism in the size of amphideal fovea.
Scientific Challenges of Convective-Scale Numerical Weather Prediction
Authors: Yano Jun-Ichi , Ziemiański Michał Z. , Cullen Mike , Termonia Piet , Onvlee Jeanette , Bengtsson Lisa , Carrassi Alberto , Davy Richard , Deluca Anna , Gray Suzanne L. , Homar Víctor , Köhler Martin , Krichak Simon , Michaelides Silas , Phillips Vaughan T. J. , Soares Pedro M. M. , Wyszogrodzki Andrzej A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAfter extensive efforts over the course of a decade, convective-scale weather forecasts with horizontal grid spacings of 1–5 km are now operational at national weather services around the world, accompanied by ensemble prediction systems (EPSs). However, though already operational, the capacity of forecasts for this scale is still to be fully exploited by overcoming the fundamental difficulty in prediction: the fully three-dimensional and turbulent nature of the atmosphere. The prediction of this scale is totally different from that of the synoptic scale (103km), with slowly evolving semigeostrophic dynamics and relatively long predictability on the order of a few days.Even theoretically, very little is understood about the convective scale compared to our extensive knowledge of the synoptic-scale weather regime as a partial differential equation system, as well as in terms of the fluid mechanics, predictability, uncertainties, and stochasticity. Furthermore, there is a requirement for a drastic modification of data assimilation methodologies, physics (e.g., microphysics), and parameterizations, as well as the numerics for use at the convective scale. We need to focus on more fundamental theoretical issues—the Liouville principle and Bayesian probability for probabilistic forecasts—and more fundamental turbulence research to provide robust numerics for the full variety of turbulent flows.The present essay reviews those basic theoretical challenges as comprehensibly as possible. The breadth of the problems that we face is a challenge in itself: an attempt to reduce these into a single critical agenda should be avoided.
Technical Details of a Novel Wind Profiler Radar at 205 MHz
Authors: Mohanakumar K. , Kottayil Ajil , Anandan V. K. , Samson Titu , Thomas Linto , Satheesan K. , Rebello Rejoy , Manoj M. G. , Varadarajan Rakesh , Santosh K. R. , Mohanan P. , Vasudevan K. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Cochin, India, hosts the world’s first 205-MHz stratosphere–troposphere (ST) wind profiler radar. This radar constitutes 619 three-element Yagi–Uda antennas with a power aperture product of 1.6 × 108 Wm2 and is capable of providing accurate three-dimensional wind profiles for an altitude range of 315 m–20 km. The system description and its first time validation and results from some of the radar’s potential applications are being presented. The radar wind profiles have been validated against collocated GPS–radiosonde measurements during the summer monsoon of 2016. The radar and radiosonde profiles show very good correlation with coefficients of 0.99 and 0.93 for zonal and meridional winds, respectively. The standard deviation of the radar measurements with respect to radiosonde measurements is found to be 1.85 m s−1 for zonal wind and 1.66 m s−1 for meridional wind. Moreover, the radar also detects echoes from the ionosphere. The ST radar at Cochin (10.04°N, 76.33°E; 40 m MSL) is an ideal observational facility, located in the tropics, for understanding the processes of the Indian summer monsoon at the region of its onset, which is expected to enhance science’s knowledge of monsoon dynamics.
Evaluation of a Novel Syndromic Surveillance Query for Heat-Related Illness Using Hospital Data From Maricopa County, Arizona, 2015
Authors: White Jessica R. , Berisha Vjollca , Lane Kathryn , Ménager Henri , Gettel Aaron , Braun Carol R. 
Published: November 2017

Objectives: We evaluated a novel syndromic surveillance query, developed by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) Heat Syndrome Workgroup, for identifying heat-related illness cases in near real time, using emergency department and inpatient hospital data from Maricopa County, Arizona, in 2015. Methods: The Maricopa County Department of Public Health applied 2 queries for heat-related illness to area hospital data transmitted to the National Syndromic Surveillance Program BioSense Platform: the BioSense “heat, excessive” query and the novel CSTE query. We reviewed the line lists generated by each query and used the diagnosis code and chief complaint text fields to find probable cases of heat-related illness. For each query, we calculated positive predictive values (PPVs) for heat-related illness. Results: The CSTE query identified 674 records, of which 591 were categorized as probable heat-related illness, demonstrating a PPV of 88% for heat-related illness. The BioSense query identified 791 patient records, of which 589 were probable heat-related illness, demonstrating a PPV of 74% for heat-related illness. The PPV was substantially higher for the CSTE novel and BioSense queries during the heat season (May 1 to September 30; 92% and 85%, respectively) than during the cooler seasons (55% and 29%, respectively). Conclusion: A novel query for heat-related illness that combined diagnosis codes, chief complaint text terms, and exclusion criteria had a high PPV for heat-related illness, particularly during the heat season. Public health departments can use this query to meet local needs; however, use of this novel query to substantially improve public health heat-related illness prevention remains to be seen.
Developing Syndromic Surveillance to Monitor and Respond to Adverse Health Events Related to Psychoactive Substance Use: Methods and Applications
Authors: Nolan Michelle L. , Kunins Hillary V. , Lall Ramona , Paone Denise 
Published: November 2017

Introduction: Recent increases in drug overdose deaths, both in New York City and nationally, highlight the need for timely data on psychoactive drug-related morbidity. We developed drug syndrome definitions for syndromic surveillance to monitor drug-related emergency department (ED) visits in real time. Materials and Methods: We used 2012 archived syndromic surveillance data from New York City hospitals to develop definitions for psychoactive drug-related syndromes. The dataset contained ED visit-level information that included patients’ chief complaints, dates of visits, ZIP codes of residence, discharge diagnoses, and dispositions. After manually reviewing chief complaints, we developed a classification scheme comprising 3 categories (overdose, drug mention, and drug abuse/misuse), which we used to define 25 psychoactive drug syndromes. From July 2013 through December 2015, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene performed daily syndromic surveillance of psychoactive drug-related ED visits using the 25 syndrome definitions. Results: Syndromic surveillance triggered 4 public health investigations, supported 8 other public health investigations that had been triggered by other mechanisms, and resulted in the identification of 5 psychoactive drug-related outbreaks. Syndromic surveillance also identified a substantial increase in synthetic cannabinoid-related visits (from an average of 3 per week in January 2014 to >300 per week in July 2015) and an increase in heroin overdose visits (from 80 to 171 in the first 3 quarters of 2012 and 2014, respectively) in a single neighborhood. Practice Implications: Syndromic surveillance using these novel definitions enabled monitoring of trends in psychoactive drug-related morbidity, initiation and support of public health investigations, and targeting of interventions. Health departments can refine these definitions for their jurisdictions using the described methods and integrate them into existing syndromic surveillance systems.