bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key Strategies for Physical Activity Interventions Among Older Women: Process Evaluation of a Clinical Trial
Authors: Lefler Leanne L. , Jones Sara , Harris Breanna 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: To describe strategies salient to physical activity (PA) initiation and maintenance among older women who participated in a clinical trial that tested a PA intervention. Design: A descriptive phenomenological, qualitative design for a process evaluation of a successful clinical trial. Setting: Senior primary care clinics associated with a large medical center in a southern state. Participants: A total of 20 older women at least 60 years without advanced frailty. Method: Purposive sampling using maximum variation technique was used to select participants. A semi-structured interview guide facilitated individual, in-depth interviews lasting 45 to 90 minutes. Narratives were analyzed using content analysis with constant comparison technique to summarize the data. Results: Eight African American and 12 white older women with a mean age of 68 from control and intervention arms participated. Five central themes described salient strategies to promote and maintain PA: sensed benefits, motivation, and self-efficacy were central to success, while a reduction in barriers was essential before maintaining PA. The last theme, a life-changing awareness indicated that PA had become a shared value. An explanatory model describing interrelationships is presented. Conclusions: This study suggests key strategies to include in PA interventions with older women. An unexpected finding was that PA became a shared value, an action promoted by the Culture of Health initiative to improve population health and well-being.
The impact of biological treatments on the anti-dsDNA and anti-nucleosome tests
Authors: Infantino M , Grossi V , Benucci M , Li Gobbi F , Damiani A , Manfredi M 
Published: June 2017

Background Anti-double stranded DNA antibodies are a very heterogeneous group of antibodies, quite specific for systemic lupus erythematosus. Newer technologies, such as addressable laser bead immunoassays (ALBIA), show great potential as a diagnostic application. The production of anti-double stranded DNA antibodies is often encountered in inflammatory arthritis; however, literature reports that the actual onset of drug induced lupus in patients treated with biological drugs is a rare event. False positive results for anti-double stranded DNA and anti-nucleosome antibodies detected in patients with inflammatory arthritis treated with different biologics prompted the investigation of full autoantibody profiles to evaluate each biomarker’s diagnostic performance in systemic lupus erythematosus. The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic performance of anti-double stranded DNA antibody and anti-nucleosome antibody methods and to evaluate the value of simultaneously measuring anti-double stranded DNA and anti-nucleosome antibodies, along with other anti-nuclear antibody analytes, as biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus, using a more appropriate control cohort including inflammatory arthritis patients with a non-clinical drug induced lupus. Methods Anti-double stranded DNA and anti-nucleosome antibody levels were evaluated in 247 patient samples: 70 systemic lupus erythematosus, 177 disease controls (including 97 inflammatory arthritis during treatment with different biologics) using the Bio-Rad BioPlex® 2200. Results Anti-nucleosome antibodies demonstrated greater clinical sensitivity and specificity than anti-double stranded DNA antibodies. At the manufacturers’ cut-off range, considering the two markers as a single or combined test, the “anti-double stranded DNA test or anti-nucleosome antibodies” was the most sensitive combination (0.400) with the best negative likelihood ratio (0.62) and negative predictive value (0.803). Conclusion Anti-nucleosome antibodies are a more sensitive and specific biomarker of systemic lupus erythematosus than anti-double stranded DNA antibodies. Anti-nucleosome antibodies and anti-double stranded DNA antibodies are independent and complementary markers of systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis and, therefore, are strongly suggested as combined tests (positive predictive value = 0.938). Moreover, the combined use of the two tests may help to overcome the decreased specificity percentage of the anti-double stranded DNA test, when considering an inflammatory arthritis cohort under biological therapies. The ALBIA method for anti-nuclear specificity detection allows a full autoantibody assessment, resulting in a much higher clinical specificity for systemic lupus erythematosus in the presence of ≥3 positive markers and significantly more positive likelihood ratio when ≥2 positive markers are present.
Risk factors for wound complications and 30-day mortality after major lower limb amputations in patients with peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Morisaki Koichi , Yamaoka Terutoshi , Iwasa Kazuomi 
Published: June 2017

Purpose Risk factors for wound complications or 30-day mortality after major amputation in patients with peripheral arterial disease remain unclear. We investigated the outcomes of major amputation in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Methods Patients who underwent major amputation from 2008 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The main outcome measures were risk factors for wound complications and 30-day mortality after major lower limb amputations. Major amputation was defined as above-knee amputation or below-knee amputation. Wound complications were defined as surgical site infection or wound dehiscence. Results In total, 106 consecutive patients underwent major amputation. The average age was 77.3 ± 11.2 years, 67.9% of patients had diabetes mellitus and 35.8% were undergoing hemodialysis. Patients who underwent primary amputation constituted 61.9% of the cohort, and the proportions of above-knee amputation and below-knee amputation were 66.9% and 33.1%, respectively. The wound complication rate was 13.3% overall, 10.3% in above-knee amputation, and 19.5% in below-knee amputation. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for wound complications were female sex (hazard ratio, 4.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.40–17.3; P = 0.01) and below-knee amputation (hazard ratio, 4.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–17.6; P = 0.03). The 30-day mortality rate was 7.6%, pneumonia comprised the most frequent cause of 30-day mortality, followed by sepsis and cardiac death. Multivariate analysis showed that a low serum albumin concentration (hazard ratio, 3.87; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–16.3; P = 0.03) was a risk factor for 30-day mortality. Conclusions Female sex and below-knee amputation were risk factors for wound complications. A low serum albumin concentration was a risk factor for 30-day mortality after major amputation in Japanese patients with peripheral arterial disease.
Extra-vascular findings in patients undergoing magnetic resonance angiography of the abdomen, pelvis and lower extremities: A retrospective study of 352 patients
Authors: Sohns Jan M , Menke Jan , Bergau Leonard , Weiss Bernhard G , Schmuck Sebastian , Weiberg Desiree , Staab Wieland , Derlin Thorsten , Dorenkamp Marc , Sohns Christian 
Published: June 2017

Background The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and clinical significance of extra-vascular findings in patients undergoing magnetic resonance angiography of the abdomen, pelvis and lower extremities. Materials and methods Three hundred fifty-two patients underwent abdominal, pelvic and lower extremity 1.5 T magnetic resonance angiography. Clinically relevant vascular and extra-vascular findings were identified. Relevant vascular findings were classified as stenosis, occlusion, aneurysm, sclerosis, dissection or vasculitis. Relevant extra-vascular findings were categorized as ‘safe’ (Group A), intermediate – requiring additional investigation – (Group B) and malignant/endangering – requiring change of therapy (Group C). Results A total of 2152 clinically relevant vascular findings was identified (6.1/patient). The most frequent vascular finding was femoral artery stenosis (10.6%). Four hundred fifty-one extra-vascular findings were observed (1.3/patient) and classified into Group A (78%), Group B (19.5%) and Group C findings (2.4%). The most frequent malignant findings were lung cancer, lymphoma, osteosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma (7/352 patients). Conclusions Extravascular findings are frequently encountered in magnetic resonance angiography performed for vascular indications. Clinically relevant findings are seen in a substantial part of patients and should prompt further diagnostic work-up.
Custom‐made foot orthoses: an analysis of prescription characteristics from an Australian commercial orthotic laboratory
Authors: Menz Hylton B. , Allan Jamie J. , Bonanno Daniel R. , Landorf Karl B. , Murley George S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundFoot orthoses are widely used in the prevention and treatment of foot disorders. The aim of this study was to describe characteristics of custom‐made foot orthosis prescriptions from a Australian podiatric orthotic laboratory.MethodsOne thousand consecutive foot orthosis prescription forms were obtained from a commercial prescription foot orthosis laboratory located in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Footwork Podiatric Laboratory). Each item from the prescription form was documented in relation to orthosis type, cast correction, arch fill technique, cast modifications, shell material, shell modifications and cover material. Cluster analysis and discriminant function analysis were applied to identify patterns in the prescription data.ResultsPrescriptions were obtained from 178 clinical practices across Australia and Hong Kong, with patients ranging in age from 5 to 92 years. Three broad categories (‘clusters') were observed that were indicative of increasing ‘control’ of rearfoot pronation. A combination of five variables (rearfoot cast correction, cover shape, orthosis type, forefoot cast correction and plantar fascial accommodation) was able to identify these clusters with an accuracy of 70%. Significant differences between clusters were observed in relation to age and sex of the patient and the geographic location of the prescribing clinician.ConclusionFoot orthosis prescriptions are complex, but can be broadly classified into three categories. Selection of these prescription subtypes appears to be influenced by both patient factors (age and sex) and clinician factors (clinic location).
Non-contrast MR angiography using three-dimensional balanced steady-state free-precession imaging for evaluation of stenosis in the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery: a preliminary comparative study with computed tomography angiography
Authors: Cardia Patricia P , Penachim Thiago J , Prando Adilson , Torres Ulysses S , D'Ippólito Giuseppe 
Published: June 2017

Objective:
Although non-contrast MR angiography (NC-MRA) is well established for the evaluation of renal artery stenosis, its usefulness in the evaluation of other abdominal aortic branches remains to be studied. This study aimed at evaluating the image quality and diagnostic accuracy of NC-MRA using a three-dimensional balanced steady-state free-precession sequence in identifying stenosis in the celiac trunk (CTR) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) as compared with CT angiography (CTA) as the reference standard.

Methods:
41 patients underwent both NC-MRA and CTA of the abdominal aorta. Two radiologists analyzed the quality of the images (diagnostic vs non-diagnostic) and the performance (accuracy, sensitivity and specificity) of NC-MRA for the identification of arterial stenosis. Kappa tests were used to determine the interobserver agreement and the intermethod agreement between NC-MRA and CTA.

Results:
NC-MRA provided diagnostic quality images of the CTR and SMA in 87.8% and 90.2% of cases, respectively, with high interobserver agreement (kappa 0.95 and 0.80, respectively). For stenosis assessment, NC-MRA had a sensitivity of 100%, a positive-predictive value of 50% and a negative-predictive value of 100% for both segments, with accuracies of 88.8% for the CTR and 94.5% for the SMA.

Conclusion:
NC-MRA is an accurate method for detecting stenosis in the CTR and SMA.

Advances in knowledge:
Data from this study suggest that MR angiography with balanced steady-state free-precession sequence is a viable non-contrast alternative for stenosis evaluation of these branches in patients for whom a contrast-enhanced examination is contraindicated.
Factors influencing brown fat activation in FDG PET/CT: a retrospective analysis of 15,000+ cases
Authors: Steinberg Jeffrey D , Vogel Wouter , Vegt Erik 
Published: June 2017

Objective:
Brown fat can exhibit high uptake of fluorine-18 fludeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) on positron emission tomography (PET) and interferes with interpretation of the scan. The goal of this study was to identify factors that may influence brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation.

Methods:
A retrospective study of 18F-FDG PET scans was performed using a database of 15,109 PET/CT reports. BAT activation reported by nuclear medicine physicians and factors influencing BAT activation were gathered. The data were analyzed using in-house software.

Results:
The total reported BAT activation was 3.6%. BAT activation was reported significantly more often in patients who were female (p &lt; 0.0001), younger (p &lt; 0.0001), with lower body mass index (p &lt; 0.0001), with lower blood glucose levels (p = 0.01), indicated for breast cancer (p = 0.004), not administered chemotherapy recently before the scan (p &lt; 0.0001) and shown to have BAT activation in a previous scan (p &lt; 0.0001). BAT activation was also reported significantly more for lower outdoor temperatures (p &lt; 0.0001) and for late morning scans than for afternoon (p = 0.005) and early morning (p = 0.001) scans.

Conclusion:
This retrospective study of 15,109 scans highlights multiple factors contributing to BAT activation on 18F-FDG PET. The identification of new factors influencing BAT and confirmation of previously identified factors with a larger data set can be used to more accurately identify patients at risk for BAT activation so that prevention strategies can be implemented.

Advances in knowledge:
This study presents new factors associated with higher incidence of BAT activation, such as time of day, previous BAT activation and breast cancer. Conversely, recent chemotherapy was associated with reduced incidence of BAT activation.
Clinical effects of chemoradiotherapy in pursuit of optimal treatment of locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sui Kenta , Okabayashi Takehiro , Shima Yasuo , Morita Sojiro , Iwata Jun , Sumiyoshi Tatsuaki , Saisaka Yuichi , Hata Yasuhiro , Noda Yoshihiro , Matsumoto Manabu , Nishioka Akihito , Iiyama Tastuo , Shimada Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2017

Objective:
The treatment of locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer remains extremely challenging, particularly as the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) remains unclear.

Methods:
We studied 93 patients (8.0%) with locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer without distant metastases from among a total group of 1168 patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer from March 2005 to November 2015 at the Kochi Health Sciences Center, Kochi, Japan. We therefore evaluated the clinical efficacy of CRT in patients with locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer.

Results:
Of the 93 patients with locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer, 35 patients (37.6%) were subsequently classified as having resectable disease following CRT. The median overall survival of patients who received CRT alone for locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer was 8.0 months, and all died within 3 years. On the other hand, the overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates in patients who were reclassified as having resectable tumour after CRT were 71.3%, 39.2% and 23.5%, respectively. Our pathological assessments after surgical resection suggested that CRT might be associated with a significant reduction in the risk of lymph node metastases in patients with locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer.

Conclusion:
The results of this study suggested that CRT is clinically effective in improving survival, particularly in association with the resultant possibility of curative resection.

Advances in knowledge:
The best treatment strategy for patients with locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer is the subject of considerable debate, and CRT is only recommended if cancer has only grown around the pancreas without any distant metastases.
The Value of Flexibility in Robust Location–Transportation Problems
Authors: Ardestani-Jaafari Amir , Delage Erick 
Published: June 2017

This article studies a capacitated fixed-charge multiperiod location–transportation problem in which, while the location and capacity of each facility must be determined immediately, the determination of the final production and distribution of products can be delayed until actual orders are received in each period. In contexts where little is known about future demand, robust optimization, namely using a budgeted uncertainty set, becomes a natural method for identifying meaningful decisions. Unfortunately, it is well known that these types of multiperiod robust decision problems are computationally intractable. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a set of tractable conservative approximations for the problem that each exploit to a different extent the idea of reducing the flexibility of the delayed decisions. While all of these approximation models outperform previous approximation models that have been proposed for this problem, each also has the potential to reach a different level of compromise between efficiency of resolution and quality of the solution. A row generation algorithm is also presented to address problem instances of realistic size. We also demonstrate that full flexibility is often unnecessary to reach nearly, or even exact, optimal robust locations and capacities for the facilities. Finally, we illustrate our findings with an extensive numerical study where we evaluate the effect of the amount of uncertainty on the performance and structure of each approximate solution that can be obtained. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2016.0728 .
Comparing monolithic and fused core HPLC columns for fast chromatographic analysis of fat-soluble vitamins
Authors: Kurdi Said El , Muaileq Dina Abu , Alhazmi Hassan A. , Bratty Mohammed Al , Deeb Sami El 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
HPLC stationary phases of monolithic and fused core type can be used to achieve fast chromatographic separation as an alternative to UPLC. In this study, monolithic and fused core stationary phases are compared for fast separation of four fat-soluble vitamins. Three new methods on the first and second generation monolithic silica RP-18e columns and a fused core pentafluoro-phenyl propyl column were developed. Application of three fused core columns offered comparable separations of retinyl palmitate, DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, cholecalciferol and menadione in terms of elution speed and separation efficiency. Separation was achieved in approx. 5 min with good resolution (Rs > 5) and precision (RSD ≤ 0.6 %). Monolithic columns showed, however, a higher number of theoretical plates, better precision and lower column backpressure than the fused core column. The three developed methods were successfully applied to separate and quantitate fat-soluble vitamins in commercial products.
Influence of concentration and type of microcrystalline cellulose on the physical properties of tablets containing Cornelian cherry fruits
Authors: Franc Aleš , Kurhajec Slavomir , Pavloková Sylvie , Sabadková Dana , Muselík Jan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The aim of this study was to find the optimal tablet composition with maximum content of dried fruits (Cornus mas L.). The effect of three different concentrations (12.5, 25 and 50 %) of two types of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel® PH 101 and Avicel® PH 200) and three different compression pressures (20, 60 and 100 MPa) on the physical properties of tablet blends and tablets was studied. Tablets containing 50 % Avicel® PH 101 compressed under 100 MPa were found to have the best physical properties. This combination of composition and compression pressure resulted in stable tablets even after storage under accelerated stability conditions (6 months, 40 °C and 75 % RH).
Genetic Parameters for Clinical Mastitis, Fertility and Somatic Cell Score in Czech Holstein Cattle
Authors: Zavadilová Ludmila , Štípková Miloslava , Svitáková Alena , Krupová Zuzana , Kašná Eva 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Cases of mastitis (CM) from 38,236 lactations belonging to 16,497 cows were recorded on seven farms in the Czech Republic from 1996 to 2014. Clinical mastitis was analyzed with linear animal model as an all-or-none trait for each recorded lactation (CM305) and separately for each trimester of lactation (CM1, CM2, and CM3). Bivariate linear animal models were used to estimate the genetic correlation between these CM traits and lactation means for somatic cell score (SCS305), the interval between calving and first insemination (INT) and days open (DO). Factors included in the linear model were parity, herd, year of calving, calving season, fixed linear and quadratic regression on age at first calving, fixed linear and quadratic regression on milk production in the corresponding parity, permanent environmental effect of the cow, and additive genetic effect of the cow. Estimated heritabilities of the CM traits ranged from 0.01 to 0.03. Permanent environmental effects accounted for approximately two-thirds of the phenotypic variance. Genetic correlations of SCS305 with CM traits were 0.85±0.029, 0.81±0.086, 0.82±0.087, and 0.67±0.088 for CM305, CM1, CM2, and CM3, respectively. Genetic correlations of INT with CM305, CM1, CM2, and CM3, respectively, were 0.22±0.065, 0.19±0.084, 0.20±0.121 and 0.15±0.121: and genetic correlations of DO and the four CM traits were 0.28±0.079, 0.26±0.101, 0.43±0.134, and 0.15±0.131. For the 140 sires in the dataset, Spearman rank correlations among breeding values for the four CM traits and for SCS305 were uniformly high at 0.99±0.001.
Numerical Methods for Simulating the Motion of Porous Balls in Simple 3D Shear Flows Under Creeping Conditions
Authors: Guo Aixia , Pan Tsorng-Whay , He Jiwen , Glowinski Roland 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this article, two novel numerical methods have been developed for simulating fluid/porous particle
interactions in three-dimensional (3D) Stokes flow. The Brinkman–Debye–Bueche model is adopted for the
fluid flow inside the porous particle, being coupled with the Stokes equations for the fluid flow
outside the particle. The rotating motion of a porous ball and the interaction of two porous balls in bounded
shear flows have been studied by these two new methods. The numerical results show
that the porous particle permeability has a strong effect on the interaction of two porous balls.