bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and feasibility of antidepressants for the prevention of migraine in adults: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Xu X.‐M. , Yang C. , Liu Y. , Dong M.‐X. , Zou D.‐Z. , Wei Y.‐D. 
Published: May 2017

Background and purposeMigraine has greatly impacted the quality of life for migraineurs and was ranked as the seventh highest specific cause of disability worldwide in 2012. Because of the role of serotonin in migraine mechanisms, antidepressants have been used in the prevention of migraine. However, the role of antidepressants for migraine prophylaxis in adults has not been completely established. Our aim was systematically to assess the efficacy and feasibility of antidepressants for the prevention of migraine in adults based on currently available literature.MethodsA comprehensive search of databases was conducted including the Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases from inception to July 2016. Randomized controlled trials that assigned adults with a clinical diagnosis of migraine to antidepressant or placebo treatment were included. The primary outcome was the reduction of migraine frequency or index.ResultsOverall, 16 randomized controlled trials including 1082 participants were identified. Antidepressants had a significant advantage over placebo in reducing the migraine frequency or index of adults with a standardized mean difference of −0.79 [95% confidence interval (CI) −1.13 to −0.45, P < 0.00001]. Patients receiving antidepressant therapy were more likely to experience an at least 50% reduction of headache burden than those receiving placebo (28.9% vs. 20.2%; risk ratio 1.40; 95% CI 0.97–2.02; P = 0.07). However, antidepressants were less well tolerated than placebo because of some adverse events (risk ratio 1.74, 95% CI 1.05–2.89, P = 0.03).ConclusionsAntidepressants are effective in the prophylaxis of migraine in adults, but the level of evidence for antidepressants except for amitriptyline seems to be quite shaky.
Multiple male morphs in the leaf‐footed bug Mictis longicornis (Hemiptera: Coreidae)
Authors: Emberts Zachary , Miller Christine W. , Li Daiqin , Hwang Wei Song , St. Mary Colette M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSpecies within the coreid clade (Hemiptera: Coreidae) can often be observed competing in intrasexual competitions over access to mates and territories. Coreids that partake in these competitions typically possess sexually dimorphic hind legs that are used to strike and squeeze their rivals. In addition to their weaponized legs, some coreid species also possess sexually dimorphic abdominal tubercles, which are assumed to be sexually selected weapons. Still, much remains unknown about the morphology of these structures. Here, using the species Mictis longicornis Westwood, we investigate the frequency distribution and static allometry of abdominal thickness, a measure that includes tubercle length. Furthermore, we also investigate the morphological relationship between abdominal tubercles and weaponized hind legs. We find that male abdominal thickness is best explained by a bimodal distribution, thereby describing the first observed male polymorphism in the coreid clade; a phenomenon typically associated with alternative reproductive tactics. Additionally, we find that major males are characterized primarily by having large weaponized legs and abdominal tubercles, which further suggests that abdominal tubercles are used in male–male competition.
The Contentious Politics of Hospitality: Intra‐EU Mobility and Social Rights
Authors: Ferrera Maurizio 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntra‐Eu mobility has become increasingly contested. Despite empirical evidence showing that migrants are not a burden for the receiving countries, a growing number of voters think that nationals should have priority in terms of jobs and welfare. In a realist perspective, this “nativist” turn cannot be ignored, as it might undermine the very idea of EU citizenship. While nondiscrimination, as enshrined in the Treaties, should certainly remain the first order principle to defend free movement from a legal and normative point of view, in the present predicament it might be reasonable to complement it with the less demanding principle of “hospitality”. Practically, this would mean to give back to Member States a modicum of autonomy in filtering the access to social benefits for inactive or non‐resident persons.
Parasagittal fractures of the proximal phalanx in Thoroughbred racehorses in theUK: Outcome of repaired fractures in 113 cases (2007–2011)
Authors: Smith M. R. W. , Corletto F. C. , Wright I. M. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryBackgroundThirty years have elapsed since the last published review of outcome following fracture of the proximal phalanx in Thoroughbred racehorses in theUKand contemporary results are needed to be able to advise of expected outcome.ObjectivesCollect and analyse outcome data following repair of fractures of the proximal phalanx in Thoroughbred racehorses in theUK.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsCase records of all Thoroughbred racehorses admitted to Newmarket Equine Hospital for evaluation of a parasagittal fracture of the proximal phalanx during a 5 years period were reviewed. Follow‐up data regarding racing careers was collected for horses that underwent repair. Following exclusion of outliers, cases with incomplete data sets and comminuted fractures, mixed effect logistic regression was used to identify variables affecting returning to racing and odds ratios and confidence intervals calculated.ResultsOf 113 repaired cases, fracture configurations included short incomplete parasagittal (n = 12), long incomplete parasagittal (n = 86), complete parasagittal (n = 12) and comminuted (n = 3). A total of 54 (48%) cases raced after surgery. Horses that fractured at 2 years of age had increased odds of racing following surgery than those older than 2 years of age (OR1.34; 95%CI1.13–1.59, P = 0.002). Horses sustaining short incomplete parasagittal fractures had increased odds of racing following surgery compared with those with complete parasagittal fractures (OR2.62; 95%CI1.36–5.07, P = 0.006). No horses with comminuted fractures returned to racing.Main limitationsData are relevant only to Thoroughbred racehorses in theUK.ConclusionsApproximately half of the cases in this series raced following surgical repair. More 2‐year‐old horses raced following surgery, but this likely reflects horses, specifically older horses, passing out of training from unrelated factors. Fracture configuration affects odds of racing, which is relevant to owners when deciding on treatment.
How planting configuration influences plant secondary metabolites and total N in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.): Implications for grazing management
Authors: Clemensen A. K. , Rottinghaus G. E. , Lee S. T. , Provenza F. D. , Villalba J. J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTheories suggest that incorporating alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.; Alf) or birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.; BFT) into endophyte‐infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceas Schreb.; E+TF) pasturelands may improve livestock production. We investigated how planting configuration might influence plant secondary metabolites (PSM) and nitrogen concentration in these forages. Total nitrogen (N), in addition to condensed tannins (CT), saponins and ergovaline (EV), was compared in BFT, Alf and E+TF, respectively, when forages grew in monocultures and all possible two‐way “mixtures” using a block design with repeated measures in three blocks. Ergovaline (p < .01) and N (p < .001) concentrations in E+TF were greater when growing adjacent to legumes than when growing in monoculture, and N and EV concentrations in E+TF were positively correlated (r = .51; p = .001). No differences in saponins or CT were found when Alf or BFT grew in monoculture or in two‐way mixtures (p > .10). We conducted an in vitro trial to determine whether CT or saponins isolated from BFT and Alf, respectively, would bind to EV in water. Ergovaline bound to saponins to a greater extent (39%; SE = 0.25) than CT (5.1%; SE = 5.13; p < .05). Because EV was lower in E+TF monocultures than in E+TF–legume mixtures, and because CT and saponins may form complexes with EV which may alleviate fescue toxicosis, animals may benefit from systems which allow them to graze monoculture patches of E+TF and Alf or BFT rather than grass–legume mixtures.
Increased frequency of bronchiolar histotypes in lung carcinomas associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Caliò Anna , Lever Veronica , Rossi Andrea , Gilioli Eliana , Brunelli Matteo , Dubini Alessandra , Tomassetti Sara , Piciucchi Sara , Nottegar Alessia , Rossi Giulio , Kambouchner Marianne , Cancellieri Alessandra , Barbareschi Mattia , Pelosi Giuseppe , Doglioni Claudio , Cavazza Alberto , Carella Rodolfo , Graziano Paolo , Murer Bruno , Poletti Venerino , Chilosi Marco 
Published: May 2017

AimsThe association between lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is well known, but the significance of this association is poorly understood. Bronchiolar honeycomb cysts have been proposed as possible precursors for the development of carcinoma, but limited evidence in support of this hypothesis is available. The aim of this study was to investigate this hypothesis analysing a series of carcinomas arising in IPF by immunohistochemistry.Methods and resultsThirty‐three lung carcinomas arising in patients with IPF were analysed with a panel of immunohistochemical markers. The antibodies included those against pneumocyte markers [thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1), napsin‐A, and surfactant protein A], the goblet cell marker mucin 5AC, markers of basal/squamous cell differentiation [cytokeratin (CK) 5/6 and ΔN‐p63], and markers related to enteric differentiation (CDX2, mucin 2, CK20, and villin). A series of 100 consecutive lung adenocarcinomas arising in smokers without IPF were investigated as controls. All carcinomas arising in IPF patients were peripherally located on imaging analysis. The diagnoses were: eight squamous cell carcinomas, 20 adenocarcinomas, three small‐cell carcinomas (including one composite small‐cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma), and two large‐cell carcinomas. Among adenocarcinomas, a ‘pneumocyte’ profile (TTF1/napsin‐A/SPA1‐triple‐positive) was observed in seven of 20 (35% versus 84% in non‐IPF controls, P = 0.0001). The remaining 13 adenocarcinomas (65%) showed rare histotypes: four invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas (20% in IPF patients versus 1% in non‐IPF controls, P = 0.002), seven tumours (35%) that were characterized by variable expression of markers of enteric differentiation, and two tumours (10%) that showed a peculiar basaloid component.ConclusionsThe immunohistochemical characterization of carcinomas arising in IPF patients shows striking divergence from that in non‐IPF smokers. The prevalence of rare entities showing bronchiole‐related markers is in line with the hypothesis that these tumours arise from transformed small airways in honeycomb lung areas where abnormal bronchiolar proliferation takes place.
Elasmobranch fauna from the upper most part of the Cretaceous Bagh Group, Narmada valley, India
Authors: Prasad Guntupalli V. R. , Verma Vishal , Sahni Ashok , Lourembam Ranjit S. , Rajkumari Priyadarshini 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn India, Cretaceous elasmobranchs are known from the uppermost Cretaceous Deccan intertrappean sedimentary sequences of peninsular India and the lower Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Karai Formation of the Cauvery basin, South India. The intertrappean elasmobranchs are represented mainly by rays and skates, whereas the Karai fauna is known by hexanchiform, squaliform, and lamniform sharks. The latter assemblage is dominated by cool temperate water forms in addition to some cosmopolitan forms. Here new shark teeth recovered from the upper part of the marine Cretaceous Bagh Group, in the lower Narmada valley, Western India are described. This is the first detailed description of sharks from the Bagh Group and the first record of sharks from the youngest horizons (Coniacian to Late Maastrichtian) of this marine sedimentary sequence. The fauna, recovered from an oyster shell‐rich green sandstone at the top of the youngest geological unit (the Coralline Limestone) of the Bagh Group, is assigned to Ptychodus sp., Scapanorhynchus sp. aff. S. raphiodon (Agassiz, 1844), Cretodus sp. aff. C. crassidens (Dixon, 1850), Cretalamna sp., Squalicorax sp. aff. S. falcatus Agassiz, 1843, and Elasmobranchii indet. This assemblage, previously widely documented from the Cretaceous deposits of North and South Americas, Europe, North and West Africa, Far East and Near East, demonstrates that there is a clear change in elasmobranch faunal composition of India from cool temperate water forms in the early Late Cretaceous to essentially cosmopolitan forms in the Late Cretaceous.
Effects of exercise training on breast cancer metastasis in a rat model
Authors: Alvarado Antonieta , Gil da Costa Rui M. , Faustino‐Rocha Ana I. , Ferreira Rita , Lopes Carlos , Oliveira Paula A. , Colaço Bruno 
Published: May 2017

SummaryExercise training is thought to play a protective role against cancer development and metastasis, either by reducing hormonal stimulation of hormone‐dependent cancers or by reducing the permeability of vascular walls towards invading metastatic cells. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the role of long‐term exercise training in the development and metastasis of breast cancer, in an immune‐competent 1‐methyl‐1‐nitrosourea (MNU) induced rat model. A single MNU dose was administered to Sprague‐Dawley rats at 50 days of age and the rats were subjected to exercise training on a treadmill at 20 m/min, 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 35 weeks. Exercised animals developed slightly less (2.30 ± 1.42) tumours per animal than sedentary animals (2.55 ± 1.44) and did not develop any metastasis, while two pulmonary metastases were observed in the sedentary group. All primary neoplasms and their metastases were positive for oestrogen (ER) α and progesterone (PR) receptors, indicating high hormonal sensitivity. Interestingly, exercise training increased circulating oestrogen levels, thus suggesting that the mechanism might involve either or both of a protective hormone‐independent effect and modulation of tumoural vascularization.
Membrane‐bound Dickkopf‐1 in Foxp3+ regulatory T cells suppresses T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune colitis
Authors: Chae Wook‐Jin , Park Jong‐Hyun , Henegariu Octavian , Yilmaz Saliha , Hao Liming , Bothwell Alfred L. M. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryInduction of tolerance is a key mechanism to maintain or to restore immunological homeostasis. Here we show that Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells use Dickkopf‐1 (DKK‐1) to regulate T‐cell‐mediated tolerance in the T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune colitis model. Treg cells from DKK‐1 hypomorphic doubleridge mice failed to control CD4+ T‐cell proliferation, resulting in CD4 T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune colitis. Thymus‐derived Treg cells showed a robust expression of DKK‐1 but not in naive or effector CD4 T cells. DKK‐1 expression in Foxp3+ Treg cells was further increased upon T‐cell receptor stimulation in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, Foxp3+ Treg cells expressed DKK‐1 in the cell membrane and the functional inhibition of DKK‐1 using DKK‐1 monoclonal antibody abrogated the suppressor function of Foxp3+ Treg cells. DKK‐1 expression was dependent on de novo protein synthesis and regulated by the mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway but not by the canonical Wnt pathway. Taken together, our results highlight membrane‐bound DKK‐1 as a novel Treg‐derived mediator to maintain immunological tolerance in T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune colitis.
Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signalling is essential for germinal centre reaction
Authors: Li Bingshou , Li Zhirong , Wang Pengcheng , Huang Qizhao , Xu Lifan , He Ran , Ye Lilin , Bai Qiang 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThe mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine‐threonine kinase that has been shown to be essential for the differentiation and function of various immune cells. Earlier in vitro studies showed that mTOR signalling regulates B‐cell biology by supporting their activation and proliferation. However, how mTOR signalling temporally regulates in vivo germinal centre B (GCB) cell development and differentiation into short‐lived plasma cells, long‐lived plasma cells and memory cells is still not well understood. In this study, we used a combined conditional/inducible knock‐out system to investigate the temporal regulation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) in the GCB cell response to acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection by deleting Raptor, a main component of mTORC1, specifically in B cells in pre‐ and late GC phase. Early Raptor deficiency strongly inhibited GCB cell proliferation and differentiation and plasma cell differentiation. Nevertheless, late GC Raptor deficiency caused only decreases in the size of memory B cells and long‐lived plasma cells through poor maintenance of GCB cells, but it did not change their differentiation. Collectively, our data revealed that mTORC1 signalling supports GCB cell responses at both early and late GC phases during viral infection but does not regulate GCB cell differentiation into memory B cells and plasma cells at the late GC stage.
Growth modes for monoclinic yttria‐stabilized zirconia during the martensitic transformation
Authors: Wang Yongzhe , Xu Fangfang , Gauvin Raynald , Kong Mingguang , Khan Matiullah , Liu Ziwei , Zeng Yi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe tetragonal to monoclinic martensitic transformation of plasma‐sprayed 3 mol% Y2O3–ZrO2 coatings is investigated by electron backscatter diffraction. The original metastable tetragonal phase shows an approximate “basal” texture with {001}t parallel to the coating surface. Based on the orientation analysis, plenty of monoclinic variants with atypical correspondence which indicates the ct axis transforms to the am axis where (100)m//(001)t, (010)m, and (001)m//{110}t are clearly identified in addition to the correspondence where the ct axis transforms to the cm axis. Moreover, three growth modes are proposed and discussed according to strain accommodation. The observed sequential growth obeys the correspondence of the ct axis to the cm axis. Fourfold growth combines the correspondences of the ct axis to the cm and am axes. The interleaving growth follows the correspondences of the ct axis to the cm axis within three tetragonal domains. These phenomena demonstrate the typical twin‐related and self‐accommodating configuration, which is in agreement with the phenomenological theory. These finding provide fundamental insight into the martensitic transformation mechanism and demonstrate a route for increasing the lifetime by controlling the tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation.
Synthesis and conductivity behaviour of proton conducting (1−x)Ba0.6Sr0.4Ce0.75Zr0.10Y0.15O3−δ‐xGDC (x=0, 0.2, 0.5) composite electrolytes
Authors: Jaiswal Shivendra K. , Hong Jongsup , Yoon Kyung J. , Son Ji‐Won , Lee Jong‐Ho 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAn attempt has been made here to synthesize (1−x)Ba0.6Sr0.4CZY‐xGDC (x=0, 0.2, 0.5) composite electrolytes and investigated their phase(s), X‐ray photo spectra (XPS) and conduction properties. All compositions possess dual phases (perovskite‐type as well as cubic fluorite structure) and show proton conduction in various atmospheres. Homogeneous formation and compatibility between phases have been confirmed from X‐ray diffraction analysis. Detailed X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies on the oxidation states of barium, strontium, gadolinium, cerium, zirconium, yttrium, and oxygen was performed. With increasing “x”, oxygen vacancy concentration increases as cerium ions in 4+ oxidation state decreases. The conduction behavior of composites depicts the protonic in nature and total activation energy lying in the range of 0.16‐0.24 eV. This study indicates that the conductivity increases with GDC content in composite electrolytes and highest conductivity is found for composite with x=0.5. These characteristics are useful to make (1−x)Ba0.6Sr0.4CZY‐xGDC composite electrolytes as promising candidate of central membrane for advanced fuel cell technology.
A case study integrating CBT with narrative therapy externalizing techniques with a child with OCD: How to flush away the Silly Gremlin. A single‐case experimental design
Authors: Banting Rosemary , Lloyd Susannah 
Published: May 2017

AbstractProblemEvidence exists for the use of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) combined with externalizing techniques from narrative therapy for pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD); however, no research gives a detailed account of what the externalizing process looks like in session or how it is incorporated into conceptualization. Literature is appraised with respect to the referral, assessment, formulation, intervention and outcome.MethodsThe case describes a 10‐year‐old boy who was referred with severe OCD. The evidence‐based CBT model for OCD in child and adolescent populations was applied to the case. This was integrated with the externalizing technique from narrative therapy. Using these models, a shared formulation of the difficulties was developed, and created a new narrative. The intervention was assessed using the single‐case experimental design.Findings and ConclusionsOn all but one routine outcome measure positive clinically significant changes were made, and the young person managed to reach his therapeutic goals. Gains maintained over a month follow‐up period. The use of externalizing was an effective and developmentally appropriate intervention and is discussed further. The case highlighted the need for more research detailing externalizing processes.
RPA3 is a potential marker of prognosis and radioresistance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Qu Chen , Zhao Yiying , Feng Guokai , Chen Chen , Tao Yalan , Zhou Shu , Liu Songran , Chang Hui , Zeng Musheng , Xia Yunfei 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRadioresistance‐induced residual and recurrent tumours are the main cause of treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Thus, the mechanisms of NPC radioresistance and predictive markers of NPC prognosis and radioresistance need to be investigated and identified. In this study, we identified RPA3 as a candidate radioresistance marker using RNA‐seq of NPC samples. In vitro studies further confirmed that RPA3 affected the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. Specifically, the overexpression of RPA3 enhanced radioresistance and the capacity for DNA repair of NPC cells, whereas inhibiting RPA3 expression sensitized NPC cells to irradiation and decreased the DNA repair capacity. Furthermore, the overexpression of RPA3 enhanced RAD51 foci formation in NPC cells after irradiation. Immunohistochemical assays in 104 NPC specimens and 21 normal epithelium specimens indicated that RPA3 was significantly up‐regulated in NPC tissues, and a log‐rank test suggested that in patients with NPC, high RPA3 expression was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and a higher recurrence rate compared with low expression (5‐year OS rates: 67.2% versus 86.2%; 5‐year recurrence rates: 14.8% versus 2.3%). Moreover, TCGA data also indicated that high RPA3 expression correlated with poor OS and a high recurrence rate in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) after radiotherapy. Taken together, the results of our study demonstrated that RPA3 regulated the radiosensitivity and DNA repair capacity of NPC cells. Thus, RPA3 may serve as a new predictive biomarker for NPC prognosis and radioresistance to help guide the diagnosis and individualized treatment of patients with NPC.