bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colostro bovino: muito além das imunoglobulinas
Authors: Gomes Viviani , Costa Baccili Camila , Martin Camila Cecilia , Silva Ramos Jean , Sobreira Basqueira Natália , Nascimento Silva Karen , Medici Madureira Karina 
Published: August 2017

O objetivo desta revisão é trazer informações atualizadas sobre o papel dos fatores imunes do colostro, além das imunoglobulinas (Igs), na proteção direta ou indireta dos bezerros. Os recém-nascidos são hipogamaglobulinêmicos e imunossuprimidos, além de possuírem sistema imune adaptativo näive. Desta forma, é consensual que a colostragem é prioridade no sistema de criação de bezerras, entretanto as novas descobertas sobre a atuação dos leucócitos maternos e seus subprodutos (citocinas), amplificando os mecanismos da resposta imunes inata e adaptativa, tem gerado muitas discussões no meio científico internacional. Além disso, as recentes descobertas sobre o microbioma humano têm sugerido que o processo de amamentação é fundamental para a transferência vertical de Lactobacillus e Bifidobacterium, microrganismos que desempenham um importante papel no desenvolvimento da imunidade de mucosas e saúde intestinal. Em geral, estas descobertas possuem aplicabilidade e trazem reflexões sobre o manejo tradicionalmente empregado na criação de bezerras, considerando-se o contato entre a vaca e recém-nascido, colostragem, sistema de aleitamento, higienização e desinfecção ambiental.
Statistical methods of fracture characterization using acoustic borehole televiewer log interpretation
Authors: Massiot Cécile , Townend John , Nicol Andrew , McNamara David D. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAcoustic borehole televiewer (BHTV) logs provide measurements of fracture attributes (orientations, thickness, and spacing) at depth. Orientation, censoring, and truncation sampling biases similar to those described for one‐dimensional outcrop scanlines, and other logging or drilling artifacts specific to BHTV logs, can affect the interpretation of fracture attributes from BHTV logs. K‐means, fuzzy K‐means, and agglomerative clustering methods provide transparent means of separating fracture groups on the basis of their orientation. Fracture spacing is calculated for each of these fracture sets. Maximum likelihood estimation using truncated distributions permits the fitting of several probability distributions to the fracture attribute data sets within truncation limits, which can then be extrapolated over the entire range where they naturally occur. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Schwartz Bayesian Criterion (SBC) statistical information criteria rank the distributions by how well they fit the data. We demonstrate these attribute analysis methods with a data set derived from three BHTV logs acquired from the high‐temperature Rotokawa geothermal field, New Zealand. Varying BHTV log quality reduces the number of input data points, but careful selection of the quality levels where fractures are deemed fully sampled increases the reliability of the analysis. Spacing data analysis comprising up to 300 data points and spanning three orders of magnitude can be approximated similarly well (similar AIC rankings) with several distributions. Several clustering configurations and probability distributions can often characterize the data at similar levels of statistical criteria. Thus, several scenarios should be considered when using BHTV log data to constrain numerical fracture models.
Evidence for tectonic, lithologic, and thermal controls on fracture system geometries in an andesitic high‐temperature geothermal field
Authors: Massiot Cécile , Nicol Andrew , McNamara David D. , Townend John 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAnalysis of fracture orientation, spacing, and thickness from acoustic borehole televiewer (BHTV) logs and cores in the andesite‐hosted Rotokawa geothermal reservoir (New Zealand) highlights potential controls on the geometry of the fracture system. Cluster analysis of fracture orientations indicates four fracture sets. Probability distributions of fracture spacing and thickness measured on BHTV logs are estimated for each fracture set, using maximum likelihood estimations applied to truncated size distributions to account for sampling bias. Fracture spacing is dominantly lognormal, though two subordinate fracture sets have a power law spacing. This difference in spacing distributions may reflect the influence of the andesitic sequence stratification (lognormal) and tectonic faults (power law). Fracture thicknesses of 9–30 mm observed in BHTV logs, and 1–3 mm in cores, are interpreted to follow a power law. Fractures in thin sections (∼5 μm thick) do not fit this power law distribution, which, together with their orientation, reflect a change of controls on fracture thickness from uniform (such as thermal) controls at thin section scale to anisotropic (tectonic) at core and BHTV scales of observation. However, the ∼5% volumetric percentage of fractures within the rock at all three scales suggests a self‐similar behavior in 3‐D. Power law thickness distributions potentially associated with power law fluid flow rates, and increased connectivity where fracture sets intersect, may cause the large permeability variations that occur at hundred meter scales in the reservoir. The described fracture geometries can be incorporated into fracture and flow models to explore the roles of fracture connectivity, stress, and mineral precipitation/dissolution on permeability in such andesite‐hosted geothermal systems.
Terbium (III) coordination polymer–copper (II) compound as fluorescent probe for time‐resolved fluorescence ‘turn‐on’ detection of hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Chen Lili , Tan Hongliang , Xu Fugang , Wang Li 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWith recognition of the biological importance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), we present a simple and effective fluorescent probe for H2S using a Tb3+ coordination polymer–Cu2+ compound (DPA/Tb/G–Cu2+). Dipicolinic acid (DPA) and guanosine (G) can coordinate with Tb3+ to form a macromolecular coordination polymer (DPA/Tb/G). DPA/Tb/G specifically binds to Cu2+ in the presence of coexisting cations, and obvious fluorescence quenching is observed. The quenched fluorescence can be exclusively recovered upon the addition of sulfide, which is measured in the mode of time‐resolved fluorescence. The fluorescence intensities of the DPA/Tb/G–Cu2+ compound enhance linearly with increasing sulfide concentrations from 1 to 30 μM. The detection limit for sulfide in aqueous solution is estimated to be 0.3 μM (at 3σ). The DPA/Tb/G–Cu2+ compound was successfully applied to sense H2S in human serum samples and exhibited a satisfactory result. It displays some desirable properties, such as fast detection procedure, high selectivity and excellent sensitivity. This method is very promising to be utilized for practical detection of H2S in biological and environmental samples.
Sea level rise may increase extinction risk of a saltmarsh ontogenetic habitat specialist
Authors: Johnson David Samuel , Williams Bethany L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSpecialist species are more vulnerable to environmental change than generalist species. For species with ontogenetic niche shifts, specialization may occur at a particular life stage making those stages more susceptible to environmental change. In the salt marshes in the northeast U.S., accelerated sea level rise is shifting vegetation patterns from flood‐intolerant species such as Spartina patens to the flood‐tolerant Spartina alterniflora. We tested the potential impact of this change on the coffee bean snail, Melampus bidentatus, a numerically dominant benthic invertebrate with an ontogenetic niche shift. From a survey of eight marshes throughout the northeast U.S., small snails were found primarily in S. patens habitats, and large snails were found primarily in stunted S. alterniflora habitats. When transplanted into stunted S. alterniflora, small snails suffered significantly higher mortality relative to those in S. patens habitats; adult snail survivorship was similar between habitats. Because other habitats were not interchangeable with S. patens for young snails, these results suggest that Melampus is an ontogenetic specialist where young snails are habitat specialists and adult snails are habitat generalists. Temperature was significantly higher and relative humidity significantly lower in stunted S. alterniflora than in S. patens. These data suggest that thermal and desiccation stress restricted young snails to S. patens habitat, which has high stem density and a layer of thatch that protects snails from environmental stress. Other authors predict that if salt marshes in the northeast U.S. are unable to migrate landward, sea level rise will eliminate S. patens habitats. We suggest that if a salt marsh loses its S. patens habitats, it will also lose its coffee bean snails. Our results demonstrate the need to consider individual life stages when determining a species’ vulnerability to global change.
pH‐zone‐refining elution–extrusion countercurrent chromatography: Separation of hydroxyanthraquinones from Cassiae semen
Authors: Bu Zhisi , Lv Liqiong , Li Xingnuo , Chu Chu , Tong Shengqiang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSeven hydroxyanthraquinones were successfully separated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Cassiae semen by conventional and pH‐zone‐refining countercurrent chromatography with an environmentally friendly biphasic solvent system, in which elution–extrusion mode was investigated for pH‐zone‐refining countercurrent chromatography for the first time. A two‐phase solvent system composed of n‐hexane/ethyl acetate/ethanol/water (5:3:4:4, v/v/v/v) was used for the conventional countercurrent chromatography while the same system with a different volume ratio n‐hexane/ethyl acetate/ethanol/water (3:5:2:6, v/v/v/v) was used for pH‐zone‐refining countercurrent chromatography, in which 20 mmol/L of trifluoroacetic acid was added in the organic phase as a retainer and 15 mmol/L of ammonia was added to the aqueous phase as an eluter. A 400 mg crude sample could be well separated by pH‐zone‐refining countercurrent chromatography, yielding 53 mg of aurantio‐obtusin, 40 mg of chryso‐obtusin, 18 mg of obtusin, 24 mg of obtusifolin, 10 mg of emodin, and 105 mg of the mixture of chrysophanol and physcion with a purity of over 95.8, 95.7, 96.9, 93.5, 97.4, 77.1, and 19.8%, as determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Furthermore, the difference in elution sequence between conventional and pH‐zone‐refining mode was observed and discussed.
A urinary biomarker‐based risk score correlates with multiparametric MRI for prostate cancer detection
Authors: Hendriks Rianne J. , van der Leest Marloes M. G. , Dijkstra Siebren , Barentsz Jelle O. , Van Criekinge Wim , Hulsbergen‐van de Kaa Christina A. , Schalken Jack A. , Mulders Peter F. A. , van Oort Inge M. 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) diagnostics would greatly benefit from more accurate, non‐invasive techniques for the detection of clinically significant disease, leading to a reduction of over‐diagnosis and over‐treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the association between a novel urinary biomarker‐based risk score (SelectMDx), multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) outcomes, and biopsy results for PCa detection.MethodsThis retrospective observational study used data from the validation study of the SelectMDx score, in which urine was collected after digital rectal examination from men undergoing prostate biopsies. A subset of these patients also underwent a mpMRI scan of the prostate. The indications for performing mpMRI were based on persistent clinical suspicion of PCa or local staging after PCa was found upon biopsy. All mpMRI images were centrally reviewed in 2016 by an experienced radiologist blinded for the urine test results and biopsy outcome. The PI‐RADS version 2 was used.ResultsIn total, 172 patients were included for analysis. Hundred (58%) patients had PCa detected upon prostate biopsy, of which 52 (52%) had high‐grade disease correlated with a significantly higher SelectMDx score (P < 0.01). The median SelectMDx score was significantly higher in patients with a suspicious significant lesion on mpMRI compared to no suspicion of significant PCa (P < 0.01). For the prediction of mpMRI outcome, the area‐under‐the‐curve of SelectMDx was 0.83 compared to 0.66 for PSA and 0.65 for PCA3. There was a positive association between SelectMDx score and the final PI‐RADS grade. There was a statistically significant difference in SelectMDx score between PI‐RADS 3 and 4 (P < 0.01) and between PI‐RADS 4 and 5 (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe novel urinary biomarker‐based SelectMDx score is a promising tool in PCa detection. This study showed promising results regarding the correlation between the SelectMDx score and mpMRI outcomes, outperforming PCA3. Our results suggest that this risk score could guide clinicians in identifying patients at risk for significant PCa and selecting patients for further radiological diagnostics to reduce unnecessary procedures.
Quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Vivan Thais Karla , Santos Bianca Mariz , Santos Carlos Henrique Marques dos 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Rationale Crohn's disease and non-specific ulcerative colitis are part of inflammatory bowel diseases. They have a chronic evolution, leading to important repercussions on patients’ quality of life. Measuring this subjective parameter requires an evaluation tool in clinical trials and health programs. The “Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire” is an American instrument of McMaster University, which had its reproducibility and validity determined in studies in other countries as a measure of the quality of life in IBD.
Objective To evaluate the quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel disease through the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, and to correlate the results with sociodemographic data of the patients.
Methods This is a prospective cross-sectional study carried out with 58 patients; the patients’ follow-up was conducted at the outpatient clinic of Coloproctology.
Results Among the 58 patients evaluated, 70.1% had DC, 62.1% were women, the mean age was 46.08 years, 96.6% were non-smokers, and 24.1% were submitted to surgery for the underlying disease. 43% were in a combination therapy scheme, 44% in monotherapy, and 12% were not using medication. Significant change in quality of life was observed in patients taking prednisone.
Conclusion The patients with better quality of life are those who were taking prednisone. There was no other correlation with significance in the patients’ quality of life.
A general neurologist's perspective on the urgent need to apply resilience thinking to the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Pomorska Grazyna , Ockene Judith K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe goal of this article was to look at the problem of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through the lens of a socioecological resilience‐thinking framework to help expand our view of the prevention and treatment of AD. This serious and complex public health problem requires a holistic systems approach. We present the view that resilience thinking, a theoretical framework that offers multidisciplinary approaches in ecology and natural resource management to solve environmental problems, can be applied to the prevention and treatment of AD. Resilience thinking explains a natural process that occurs in all complex systems in response to stressful challenges. The brain is a complex system, much like an ecosystem, and AD is a disturbance (allostatic overload) within the ecosystem of the brain. Resilience thinking gives us guidance, direction, and ideas about how to comprehensively prevent and treat AD and tackle the AD epidemic.
Measuring brain synaptic vesicle protein 2A with positron emission tomography and [18F]UCB‐H
Authors: Bahri Mohamed Ali , Plenevaux Alain , Aerts Joël , Bastin Christine , Becker Guillaume , Mercier Joël , Valade Anne , Buchanan Tim , Mestdagh Nathalie , Ledoux Didier , Seret Alain , Luxen André , Salmon Eric 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIntroductionBrain distribution of synaptic vesicle protein 2A was measured with fluorine‐18 UCB‐H ([18F]UCB‐H) and positron emission tomography (PET).MethodsImages of synaptic density were acquired in healthy volunteers (two young participants and two seniors). Input function was measured by arterial blood sampling (arterial input function) and derived from PET images using carotid activity (image‐derived input function). Logan graphical analysis was used to estimate regional synaptic vesicle protein 2A distribution volume.Results[18F]UCB‐H uptake was ubiquitous in cortical and subcortical gray matter. Arterial input function and image‐derived input function provided regional distribution volume with a high linear relationship.DiscussionThe cerebral distribution of [18F]UCB‐H is similar to that recently observed with carbon‐11 UCB‐J ([11C]UCB‐J). An accurate [18F]UCB‐H quantification can be performed without invasive arterial blood sampling when no suitable reference region is available, using dynamic PET carotid activity. Brain synaptic density can be studied in vivo in normal and pathological aging.
National Survey of Environmental Cleaning and Disinfection in Hospitals in Thailand
Authors: Apisarnthanarak Anucha , Weber David J. , Ratz David , Saint Sanjay , Khawcharoenporn Thana , Greene M. Todd 
Published: August 2017

More than 90% of Thai hospitals surveyed reported implementing environmental cleaning and disinfection (ECD) protocols. Hospital epidemiologist presence was associated with the existence of an ECD checklist (P=.01) and of ECD auditing (P=.001), while good and excellent hospital administrative support were associated with better adherence to ECD protocols (P<.001) and ECD checklists (P=.005).Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:1250–1253
Against Supersessionist Thinking: Old and New, Jews and Postcolonialism, the Ghetto and Diaspora
Authors: Cheyette Bryan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis essay focuses on the liberatory possibilities and political and disciplinary difficulties of bringing together Jewish and postcolonial studies. It begins and ends with Adorno’s critique of “actionism” in order to see what is lost when the clarity and certainty of political action is privileged over scholarly nuance and complexity (“praxis” over “theory”). This loss is surveyed through a set of related binaries (supersessionism, foundationalism, and disciplinarity), which, it is contended, reduces critical thinking to polemic and makes it all but impossible to explore interconnected Jewish and postcolonial histories. The argument is illustrated with reference to postcolonial literature and by examining the disciplining of postcolonial and memory studies in relation to the Holocaust. A way out of the binary impasse, it is suggested, is to utilize as “traveling concepts” transcultural and transnational histories (such as “diaspora” and “ghetto”) that Jewish and postcolonial studies have in common.
A multi-proxy lacustrine record of last deglacial–early Holocene environmental variability in the lower Yangtze region from the Chaohu Lake Basin, eastern China
Authors: Guan Houchun , Wu Li , Zhang Jinzhe , Shen Shihao , Chu Dongru , Li Linying 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Rb, Sr, and Ti content, Rb/Sr ratio, grain size, magnetic susceptibility, and magnetic fabric in sediments of the BZK1 core were utilized to reconstruct the evolution of the climatic environment in the Chaohu Lake Basin between the last deglacial and the early Holocene. Multi-proxy analyses indicate that lacustrine sediments in Chaohu Lake clearly record the Bølling-Allerød interstadial, the Younger Dryas event and dry-cold climate events occurring between 10.7 cal ka BP and 10.5 cal ka BP. At approximately 15.6–14.8 cal ka BP, the waters became deeper and the climate turned cool. The climate subsequently shifted to a relatively humid period and the lake was largest from 14.8 to 12.8 cal ka BP. From 12.8 to 11.7 cal ka BP, the climate abruptly turned dry and cold and the lake shrank to its lowest level. During 11.7–10.7 cal ka BP, the climate became relatively humid but, from approximately 10.7 to 10.5 cal ka BP, suddenly reverted to a dry and cold state. These climatic change records suggest that lacustrine sediments from the Chaohu Lake Basin in the lower Yangtze region responded actively to global climate changes, comparable with the environmental records from stalagmites and other lacustrine sediments in the region.
The major types of added sugars and non-nutritive sweeteners in a sample of Australian packaged foods
Authors: Probst Yasmine C , Dengate Alexis , Jacobs Jenny , Louie Jimmy CY , Dunford Elizabeth K 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveLimiting the intake of added sugars in the diet remains a key focus of global dietary recommendations. To date there has been no systematic monitoring of the major types of added sugars used in the Australian food supply. The present study aimed to identify the most common added sugars and non-nutritive sweeteners in the Australian packaged food supply.DesignSecondary analysis of data from the Australian FoodSwitch database was undertaken. Forty-six added sugars and eight non-nutritive sweetener types were extracted from the ingredient lists of 5744 foods across seventeen food categories.SettingAustralia.SubjectsNot applicable.ResultsAdded sugar ingredients were found in 61 % of the sample of foods examined and non-nutritive sweetener ingredients were found in 69 %. Only 31 % of foods contained no added sugar or non-nutritive sweetener. Sugar (as an ingredient), glucose syrup, maple syrup, maltodextrin and glucose/dextrose were the most common sugar ingredient types identified. Most Australian packaged food products had at least one added sugar ingredient, the most common being ‘sugar’.ConclusionsThe study provides insight into the most common types of added sugars and non-nutritive sweeteners used in the Australian food supply and is a useful baseline to monitor changes in how added sugars are used in Australian packaged foods over time.
Spousal and survivor benefits in option value models of retirement: an application to Belgium
Authors: JOUSTEN ALAIN , LEFEBVRE MATHIEU 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe study retirement incentives with an augmented reduced form option value model à la Stock and Wise (1990). We propose methodological extensions to better reflect the respective incentives faced by singles and couples. Our results show that a more comprehensive modeling of couples’ incentives leads to very different patterns of retirement incentives – particularly for women. We apply the new indicators to data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and retirement in Europe in Belgium and find two key results. First, contrary to several previous studies, we obtain a positive signed income effects. Second, we find very different retirement incentives for men and women, with little flexibility in the retirement decision for men and substantially more flexibility for women as a function of financial incentive and household composition.