bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term outcomes for different surgical strategies to treat left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Collis Richard , Watkinson Oliver , O'Mahony Constantinos , Guttmann Oliver P. , Pantazis Antonis , Tome‐Esteban Maria , Tsang Victor , Chandrasekaran Venkatachalam , McGregor Christopher G.A. , Elliott Perry M. 
Published: November 2017

AimsSurgical intervention is used to treat dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This study assesses the effect of different surgical strategies on long‐term mortality and morbidity.Methods and resultsIn total, 347 patients underwent surgical intervention for LVOTO (1988–2015). Group A (n = 272) underwent septal myectomy; Group B (n = 33), septal myectomy and mitral valve (MV) repair; Group C (n = 22), myectomy and MV replacement; and Group D (n = 20), MV replacement alone. Median follow‐up was 5.2 years (interquartile range 1.9–7.9). The mean resting LVOT gradient improved post‐operatively from 71.9 ± 39.6 mmHg to 13.4 ± 18.5 mmHg (P < 0.05). Overall, 72.4% of patients improved by >1 New York Heart Association (NYHA) class; 58.9% of patients undergoing MV replacement alone did not improve their NYHA class. There were 5 perioperative deaths and 20 late deaths (>30 days). Survival rates at 1, 5 and 10 years respectively were 98.4, 96.9, 91.9% in Group A; 97.0, 92.4, 61.6% in Group B; 100.0, 100.0, 55.6% in Group C; and 94.7, 85.3, 85.3% in Group D (log‐rank, P < 0.05). Long‐term (>30 days) complications included atrial fibrillation (29.6%), transient ischaemic attack/stroke (2.4%) and heart failure hospitalisation (3.2%). There were 16 repeat surgical interventions at 3.0 years.ConclusionSeptal myectomy is a safe procedure resulting in symptomatic improvement in the majority of patients. The annual incidence of non‐fatal disease‐related complications after surgical treatment of LVOTO is relatively high. Patients who underwent MV replacements had poorer outcomes with less symptomatic benefit in spite of a similar reduction in LVOT gradients.
Comparison of long‐term outcome in anthracycline‐related versus idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: a single centre experience
Authors: Fornaro Alessandra , Olivotto Iacopo , Rigacci Luigi , Ciaccheri Mauro , Tomberli Benedetta , Ferrantini Cecilia , Coppini Raffaele , Girolami Francesca , Mazzarotto Francesco , Chiostri Marco , Milli Massimo , Marchionni Niccolò , Castelli Gabriele 
Published: November 2017

AimsCardiac dysfunction is a severe complication of anthracycline‐containing anticancer therapy. The outcome of anthracycline‐induced cardiomyopathy (AICM) compared with other non‐ischaemic causes of heart failure (HF), such as idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM), is unresolved. The aim of this study was to compare the survival of AICM patients with an IDCM cohort followed at our centre from 1990 to 2016.Methods and resultsWe included 67 patients (67% female, 50 ± 15 years) with AICM, defined as onset of otherwise unexplained left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤50% following anthracycline therapy, and 488 IDCM patients (28% female, 55 ± 12 years). Patients were followed with constantly optimized HF therapy, for 7.6 ± 5.5 and 8.1 ± 5.5 years, respectively. In both cohorts, 25% of patients reached the combined endpoint of death/heart transplantation. Overall survival rates at 5 and 10 years were similar (AICM: 86% and 61%, IDCM: 88% and 75%; P = 0.61), and so was cardiovascular survival (AICM: 91% and 76%, IDCM: 91% and 80%; P = 0.373), also after 1:1 propensity matching (P = 0.27) and adjusting for age, LVEF and left ventricular size. A trend toward higher all‐cause mortality was present in AICM patients [hazard ratio (HR) 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95–2.92, P = 0.076]. No differences were observed between AICM and IDCM with regard to pharmacological HF therapy, but AICM patients were less likely to receive devices (13% vs. 41.8% in IDCM, P < 0.001).ConclusionCardiovascular mortality in patients with AICM did not differ from that of a matched IDCM cohort, despite cancer‐related morbidity and less prevalent use of devices. These data suggest that patients with AICM should be treated with appropriate guideline‐directed medical therapies similar to other non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathies.
Which commonly monitored chemical contaminant in the Bohai region and the Yangtze and Pearl Rivers of China poses the greatest threat to aquatic wildlife?
Authors: Johnson Andrew C. , Jürgens Monika D. , Su Chao , Zhang Meng , Zhang Yueqing , Shi Yajuan , Sweetman Andrew , Jin Xiaowei , Lu Yonglong 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

The present study assessed the relative risk of 29 chemical contaminants to aquatic wildlife in the Bohai region and the Yangtze and Pearl Rivers of China. River monitoring data from 2010 to 2015 for metals, pesticides, plasticizers, surfactants, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, flame retardants, and ammonia were collected. For each chemical, ecotoxicity data were compiled for Chinese-relevant aquatic species. The chemicals were ranked by relative risk either by comparing the ratios of the median river concentration divided by the median ecotoxicity concentration or by the percentage of river measurements which exceeded the lower 10th percentile ecotoxicity value. To provide context, these results were compared with the same analysis for rivers in the United Kingdom. From this collection of chemicals in Chinese rivers, the highest risks appear to be from Cu, closely followed by Zn, Fe, and Ni together with linear alkyl benzene sulfonate, nonylphenol, and NH3. This risk, particularly from the metals, can be several times higher than that experienced in UK rivers when using the same analysis. Ammonia median concentrations were notably higher in the Pearl and Yangtze than in UK rivers. The results suggest that China should focus on controlling metal contamination to protect its aquatic wildlife. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1115–1121. © 2017 SETAC
Abstract
Measured chemical concentrations in Chinese rivers were compared with toxicity data to rank the relative risks of dozens of chemicals to wildlife. The top 10 chemicals posing the greatest threat in each study area are shown.
Scalable topological forwarding and routing policies in RINA‐enabled programmable data centers
Authors: Leon Gaixas Sergio , Perelló Jordi , Careglio Davide , Grasa Eduard , López Diego R. , Aranda Pedro A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGiven the current expansion of cloud computing, the expected advent of the Internet of Things, and the requirements of future fifth‐generation network infrastructures, significantly larger pools of computational and storage resources will soon be required. This emphasizes the need for more scalable data centers that are capable of providing such an amount of resources in a cost‐effective way. A quick look into today's commercial data centers shows that they tend to rely on variations of well‐defined leaf‐spine/Clos data center network (DCN) topologies, offering low latency, ultrahigh bisectional bandwidth, and enhanced reliability against concurrent failures. However, DCNs are typically restricted by the use of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite, thus suffering limited routing scalability. In this work, we study the benefits that replacing TCP/IP with the recursive internetwork architecture (RINA) can bring into commercial DCNs, focusing on forwarding and routing scalability. We quantitatively evaluate the benefits that RINA solutions can yield against those based on TCP/IP and highlight how, by deploying RINA, topological routing solutions can improve even more the efficiency of the network. To this goal, we propose a rule‐and‐exception forwarding policy tailored to the characteristics of several DCN variants, enabling fast forwarding decisions with merely neighbors' information. Upon failures, few exceptions are necessary, whose computation can also profit from the known topology. Extensive numerical results show that the proposed policy requirements depend mainly on the number of neighbors and concurrent failures in the DCN rather than its size, dramatically reducing the amount of forwarding and routing information stored at DCN nodes.
Does going global or staying local improve the long‐term survival and performance of IPOs?
Authors: Christophe Stephen E. , Lee Hun 
Published: November 2017

Research Summary: This empirical study investigates the impact of internationalization on the long‐term performance of U.S. IPOs (initial public offerings). We find that internationalized IPOs exhibit higher survival rates, and if an internationalized IPO is subsequently delisted, that delisting is significantly more likely to result in a positive outcome when compared to the delisting outcomes for domestic‐only IPOs. In addition, over 5‐ and 10‐year holding periods following the IPO, a portfolio of the internationalized firms exhibits significantly positive risk‐adjusted abnormal stock returns, whereas the return for a portfolio of the domestic‐only firms was lower and generally not significantly different than zero. In short, we add to the existing literature on factors that influence IPO survival and performance and show that internationalization also is an important firm characteristic.
Managerial Summary: We examine the impact of internationalization on the survival and stock return performance of IPO firms. More specifically, we investigate the performance of two categories of U.S. IPOs: companies that go public and have international operations and companies that are purely domestic firms. Our results suggest that IPO firms that are internationalized have higher survival rates than domestic‐only firms and also enjoy superior subsequent stock performance. This study provides novel insights and additional descriptive evidence that going global is better for the survival and performance of IPOs.
Predictive factors for osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: A retrospective study
Authors: Sathasivam Hans P. , Davies Gareth R. , Boyd Nicholas M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundOsteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is a well‐recognized complication of radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to assess predictive factors for the development of ORNJ.MethodsA retrospective study of 325 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated at one institution between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2008, was conducted. Outcome measure was the presence/absence of ORNJ. Time to event was recorded and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to determine statistically significant predictive factors.ResultsFifty‐nine patients had ORNJ. Statistical analysis using Cox regression analysis identified several statistically significant variables: dentoalveolar surgery; peri‐resective surgery of the jaw; continued tobacco usage after radiotherapy, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2); and total radiation dose.ConclusionPatients at greater risk of developing ORNJ can be identified and measures can be instituted to reduce its incidence and expedite management when it does occur.
Top 10 research priorities in head and neck cancer: Results of an Alberta priority setting partnership of patients, caregivers, family members, and clinicians
Authors: Lechelt Leah A. , Rieger Jana M. , Cowan Katherine , Debenham Brock J. , Krewski Bernie , Nayar Suresh , Regunathan Akhila , Seikaly Hadi , Singh Ameeta E. , Laupacis Andreas ,   on behalf of the Alberta Head and Neck Cancer Priority Setting Partnership Steering Committee
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe epidemiology, etiology, and management of head and neck cancer are evolving. Understanding the perspectives and priorities of nonresearchers regarding treatment uncertainties is important to inform future research.MethodsUsing the James Lind Alliance approach, patients, caregivers, and clinicians responded to a survey regarding their unanswered questions about treating and managing head and neck cancer. Distinct uncertainties were extracted from responses and sorted into themes. Uncertainties already answered in the literature were removed. Those remaining were ranked by patients and clinicians to develop a short list of priorities, which were discussed at a workshop and reduced to the top 10.ResultsOne hundred sixty‐one respondents posed 818 uncertainties, culminating in 77 for interim ranking and 27 for discussion at a workshop. Participants reached consensus on the top 10, which included questions on prevention, screening, treatment, and quality of life.ConclusionNonresearchers can effectively collaborate to establish priorities for future research in head and neck cancer.
Anthropometry and classification of auricular concha for the ergonomic design of earphones
Authors: Ji Xiaomin , Zhu Zhaohua , Gao Zhu , Bai Xiaobo , Hu Gang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe auricular conchae of 310 young Chinese people (169 men and 141 women) aged 18–28 years were classified into different groups and differentiated in terms of shape as a basis to designing wearable and non‐slip earphones. Seven characteristic distances could be obtained accurately by defining 5 characteristic points and extracting their 3‐dimensional (3D) coordinates from 3D digital models (obtained by scanning 310 ear impressions) automatically. The shape differences of auricular conchae were statistically analyzed. Results show that the average dimensions of auricular conchae for men are generally larger than those for women, and the shapes of auricular conchae significantly differ among the participants. The shapes of auricular concha were classified into 24 groups, depending on the characteristic distances. For each group, the coordinates of 5 common‐characteristic points were determined and the basic shape was summarized. The percentage of the samples in each group was statistically given, and 8 prioritized groups of samples more than 5% were suggested. Finally, the feasibility of the classification method was demonstrated by designing earphone, 3D printing, and wearing verification.
The effects of sleep on the neural correlates of pattern separation
Authors: Doxey Christopher R. , Hodges Cooper B. , Bodily Ty A. , Muncy Nathan M. , Kirwan C. Brock 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEffective memory representations must be specific to prevent interference between episodes that may overlap in terms of place, time, or items present. Pattern separation, a computational process performed by the hippocampus, overcomes this interference by establishing nonoverlapping memory representations. Although it is widely accepted that declarative memories are consolidated during sleep, the effects of sleep on pattern separation have yet to be elucidated. We used whole‐brain, high‐resolution functional neuroimaging to investigate the effects of sleep on a task that places high demands on pattern separation. Sleep had a selective effect on memory specificity and not general recognition memory. Activity in brain regions related to memory retrieval and cognitive control demonstrated an interaction between sleep and delay. Surprisingly, there was no effect of sleep on hippocampal activity using a group‐level analysis. To further understand the role of the hippocampus on our task, we performed a representational similarity analysis, which showed that hippocampal activation was biased toward pattern separation relative to cortical activation and that this bias increased following a delay (regardless of sleep). Cortical activation, conversely, was biased toward pattern completion and this bias was preferentially enhanced by sleep.
Diagnostic accuracy of serum miR‐122 and miR‐199a in women with endometriosis
Authors: Maged Ahmed M. , Deeb Wesam S. , El Amir Azza , Zaki Sherif S. , El Sawah Heba , Al Mohamady Maged , Metwally Ahmed A. , Katta Maha A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the value of serum microRNA‐122 (miR‐122) and miR‐199a as reliable noninvasive biomarkers in the diagnosis of endometriosis.MethodsDuring 2015–2016, at a teaching hospital in Egypt, a prospective cohort study was conducted on 45 women with pelvic endometriosis and 35 women who underwent laparoscopy for pelvic pain but were not diagnosed with endometriosis. Blood and peritoneal fluid (PF) samples were collected; interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) was detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and miR‐122 and miR‐199a expression was measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsThe serum and PF levels of IL‐6, miR‐122, and miR‐199a were significantly higher in women with endometriosis than in controls (P<0.001 for all comparisons). Serum miR‐122 expression was positively correlated with serum IL‐6 (r=0.597), PF IL‐6 (r=0.603), PF miR‐122 (r=0.934), serum miR‐199a (r=0.727), and PF miR‐199a (r=0.653). Serum miR‐199a expression was positively correlated with serum IL‐6 (r=0.677), PF IL‐6 (r=0.678), PF miR‐122 (r=0.744), and PF miR‐199a (r=0.932). Serum miR‐122 and miR‐199a had a sensitivity of 95.6% and 100.0%, and a specificity of 91.4% and 100%, respectively, for the detection of endometriosis.ConclusionSerum miR‐122 and miR‐199a were significantly increased in endometriosis, indicating that these microRNAs might serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of endometriosis.
Psychologic intimate partner violence and the risk of intrauterine growth restriction in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Lobato Gustavo , Reichenheim Michael E. , Moraes Claudia L. , Peixoto‐Filho Fernando M. , Migowski Lívia S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether psychologic intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is a risk factor for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).MethodsThe cross‐sectional study enrolled randomly selected mothers of infants younger than 5 months attending basic health services in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from January to July 2007. Psychologic and physical IPV were evaluated by the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale; IUGR was defined as below the 10th percentile of the Alexander curve. Socioeconomic status, housing conditions, stressful events, life habits, social support, and medical information were obtained by interview or from medical records. Multivariate hierarchical logistic regression models, taking into account potential confounders, were used to evaluate the relationship between mounting acts of psychologic IPV and IUGR.ResultsThere were 810 women included in the study. Psychologic IPV during pregnancy was reported by 665 women (82.1%) and 126 newborns (15.6%) showed growth restriction. In the final model, each 1‐unit increase in psychologic IPV score during pregnancy led to a 15% higher risk of IUGR at birth (odds ratio 1.15; P<0.001).ConclusionPsychologic IPV during pregnancy seems to be a significant and independent risk factor for IUGR. This finding reinforces the importance of preventive and intervention procedures for IPV to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of fetal outcomes following the administration of influenza A/H1N1 vaccination during pregnancy
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Wang Xiaodong , Liu Dan , Zhang Lingli , Sun Xin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundPregnant women were identified as a population of priority for vaccination during the H1N1 influenza pandemic outbreak in 2009.ObjectivesTo assess adverse fetal outcomes following the administration of H1N1 pandemic vaccination during pregnancy.Search strategyPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched up to January 2017.Selection criteriaCohort studies investigating fetal outcomes after H1N1 influenza vaccination during pregnancy were eligible. The language was limited to English.Data collection and analysisPairs of reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted data from the included studies.Main resultsA total of 19 cohort studies were eligible. The use of vaccines during any period of pregnancy was associated with lower risk of stillbirth (adjusted hazard ratio 0.80, 95% confidence interval 0.69–0.92). No significant differences were found between the vaccinated versus unvaccinated groups in terms of the risks of spontaneous abortion, premature birth, and small for gestational age.ConclusionsThe administration of H1N1 vaccines during pregnancy might reduce the risk of stillbirth, a complication associated with H1N1 infection. The quality of evidence was, however, not adequate to reach a definitive conclusion.
Arsenite downregulates H3K4 trimethylation and H3K9 dimethylation during transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Tu Wei , Liu Yin , Xie Chengfeng , Zhou Xue 
Published: November 2017

AbstractArsenic is an established human carcinogen but with weak mutagenic activity. The mechanisms of arsenic‐induced carcinogenesis are not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of histone methylation in transformation of human bronchial epithelial (BEAS‐2B) cells. After 16 weeks’ exposure, cells were transformed by 0.1, 0.5 and 1 μm arsenite. Global trimethylated H3K4 (H3K4me3) was decreased by 0.1 μm arsenite at 12 weeks, and 0.5 and 1 μm arsenite at 8, 12 and 16 weeks, which could be attributed to reduced histone methyltransferase activities, increased histone demethylase (HDM) activities as well as increased protein levels of H3K4 demethylase KDM5A. Global dimethylated H3K9 (H3K9me2) was also decreased after exposure to 0.5 μm arsenite for 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and 1.0 μm arsenite for 8 and 12 weeks, which was associated with an increase of HDM activities. Our findings indicated that arsenite decreased global H3K4me3 and H3K9me2 levels during cell transformation by modulating the enzymatic activities of histone methyltransferases and/or HDMs, and by upregulation of KDM5A protein levels for H3K4me3.
Effects of bergenin on methylglyoxal‐induced damage in osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells
Authors: Lee Kyung Hee , Choi Eun Mi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBergenin is the main chemical constituent of plants in the genus Bergenia, which are used in traditional medicines. Methylglyoxal (MG), a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, is the major precursor for forming advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Pretreating MC3T3‐E1 cells with bergenin prevented MG‐induced protein adduct formation. Bergenin inhibited the MG‐induced soluble receptor for AGE (sRAGE), interleukin, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide production. Additionally bergenin increased glyoxalase I activity, glutathione, heme oxygenase‐1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 levels in the presence of MG. Pretreatment with bergenin before MG exposure reduced MG‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction by preventing mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation, loss of adenosine triphosphate and reduced adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase. These results demonstrate that bergenin may prevent the development of diabetic osteopathy.