bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A brief motivational interview with action and coping planning components enhances motivational autonomy among volunteer blood donors
Authors: France Christopher R. , France Janis L. , Carlson Bruce W. , Kessler Debra A. , Rebosa Mark , Shaz Beth H. , Madden Katrala , Carey Patricia M. , Fox Kristen R. , Livitz Irina E. , Ankawi Brett , Slepian P. Maxwell 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUNDIn contrast to standard donor retention strategies (e.g., mailings, phone calls, text messages), we developed a brief telephone interview, based on motivational interviewing principles, that encourages blood donors to reflect upon their unique motivators and barriers for giving. This study examined the effect of this motivational interview, combined with action and coping plan components, on blood donor motivations.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThe design was to randomly assign blood donors to receive either a telephone‐delivered motivational interview with action and coping plan components or a control call approximately 6 weeks after their most recent donation. Participants completed a series of surveys related to donation motivation approximately 3 weeks before telephone contact (precall baseline) and then repeated these surveys approximately 1 week after telephone contact (postcall).RESULTSThe sample was 63% female, included a majority (52.6%) of first‐time blood donors, and had a mean age of 30.0 years (SD, 11.7 years). A series of analyses of variance revealed that, relative to controls (n = 244), donors in the motivational interview group (n = 254) had significantly larger increases in motivational autonomy (p = 0.001), affective attitude (p = 0.004), self‐efficacy (p = 0.03), anticipated regret (p = 0.001), and intention (p = < 0.001), as well as larger decreases in donation anxiety (p = 0.01), from precall baseline to postcall assessment.CONCLUSIONThis study supports motivational interviewing with action and coping planning as a novel strategy to promote key contributors to donor motivation.
Photobacterium angustum and Photobacterium kishitanii, Psychrotrophic High-Level Histamine-Producing Bacteria Indigenous to Tuna
Authors: Bjornsdottir-Butler K. , McCarthy S. A. , Dunlap P. V. , Benner R. A. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Scombrotoxin fish poisoning (SFP) remains the main contributor of fish poisoning incidents in the United States, despite efforts to control its spread. Psychrotrophic histamine-producing bacteria (HPB) indigenous to scombrotoxin-forming fish may contribute to the incidence of SFP. We examined the gills, skin, and anal vents of yellowfin (
n
= 3), skipjack (
n
= 1), and albacore (
n
= 6) tuna for the presence of indigenous HPB. Thirteen HPB strains were isolated from the anal vent samples from albacore (
n
= 3) and yellowfin (
n
= 2) tuna. Four of these isolates were identified as
Photobacterium kishitanii
and nine isolates as
Photobacterium angustum
; these isolates produced 560 to 603 and 1,582 to 2,338 ppm histamine in marine broth containing 1% histidine (25°C for 48 h), respectively. The optimum growth temperatures and salt concentrations were 26 to 27°C and 1% salt for
P. kishitanii
and 30 to 32°C and 2% salt for
P. angustum
in Luria 70% seawater (LSW-70). The optimum activity of the HDC enzyme was at 15 to 30°C for both species. At 5°C,
P. kishitanii
and
P. angustum
had growth rates of 0.1 and 0.2 h
−1
, respectively, and the activities of histidine decarboxylase (HDC) enzymes were 71% and 63%, respectively. These results show that indigenous HPB in tuna are capable of growing at elevated and refrigeration temperatures. These findings demonstrate the need to examine the relationships between the rate of histamine production at refrigeration temperatures, seafood shelf life, and regulatory limits.
Alcaligenes faecalis ZD02, a Novel Nematicidal Bacterium with an Extracellular Serine Protease Virulence Factor
Authors: Ju Shouyong , Lin Jian , Zheng Jinshui , Wang Shaoying , Zhou Hongying , Sun Ming 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Root knot nematodes (RKNs) are the world's most damaging plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs), and they can infect almost all crops. At present, harmful chemical nematicides are applied to control RKNs. Using microbial nematicides has been proposed as a better management strategy than chemical control. In this study, we describe a novel nematicidal bacterium named
Alcaligenes faecalis
ZD02.
A. faecalis
ZD02 was isolated from
Caenorhabditis elegans
cadavers and has nematostatic and nematicidal activity, as confirmed by
C. elegans
growth assay and life span assay. In addition,
A. faecalis
ZD02 fermentation broth showed toxicity against
C. elegans
and
Meloidogyne incognita
. To identify the nematicidal virulence factor, the genome of strain ZD02 was sequenced. By comparing all of the predicted proteins of strain ZD02 to reported nematicidal virulence factors, we determined that an extracellular serine protease (Esp) has potential to be a nematicidal virulence factor, which was confirmed by bioassay on
C. elegans
and
M. incognita
. Using
C. elegans
as the target model, we found that both
A. faecalis
ZD02 and the virulence factor Esp can damage the intestines of
C. elegans
. The discovery that
A. faecalis
ZD02 has nematicidal activity provides a novel bacterial resource for the control of RKNs.
Heterogeneity in Induction Level, Infection Ability, and Morphology of Shiga Toxin-Encoding Phages (Stx Phages) from Dairy and Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O26:H11 Isolates
Authors: Bonanno Ludivine , Petit Marie-Agnès , Loukiadis Estelle , Michel Valérie , Auvray Frédéric 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing
Escherichia coli
(STEC) bacteria are foodborne pathogens responsible for diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Shiga toxin, the main STEC virulence factor, is encoded by the
stx
gene located in the genome of a bacteriophage inserted into the bacterial chromosome. The O26:H11 serotype is considered to be the second-most-significant HUS-causing serotype worldwide after O157:H7. STEC O26:H11 bacteria and their
stx
-negative counterparts have been detected in dairy products. They may convert from the one form to the other by loss or acquisition of Stx phages, potentially confounding food microbiological diagnostic methods based on
stx
gene detection. Here we investigated the diversity and mobility of Stx phages from human and dairy STEC O26:H11 strains. Evaluation of their rate of
in vitro
induction, occurring either spontaneously or in the presence of mitomycin C, showed that the Stx2 phages were more inducible overall than Stx1 phages. However, no correlation was found between the Stx phage levels produced and the origin of the strains tested or the phage insertion sites. Morphological analysis by electron microscopy showed that Stx phages from STEC O26:H11 displayed various shapes that were unrelated to Stx1 or Stx2 types. Finally, the levels of sensitivity of
stx
-negative
E. coli
O26:H11 to six Stx phages differed among the 17 strains tested and our attempts to convert them into STEC were unsuccessful, indicating that their lysogenization was a rare event.
Plasmidic Expression ofnemAandyafC* Increased Resistance of Ethanologenic Escherichia coli LY180 to Nonvolatile Side Products from Dilute Acid Treatment of Sugarcane Bagasse and Artificial Hydrolysate
Authors: Shi Aiqin , Zheng Huabao , Yomano Lorraine P. , York Sean W. , Shanmugam Keelnatham T. , Ingram Lonnie O. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTHydrolysate-resistantEscherichia coliSL100 was previously isolated from ethanologenic LY180 after sequential transfers in AM1 medium containing a dilute acid hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse and was used as a source of resistance genes. Many genes that affect tolerance to furfural, the most abundant inhibitor, have been described previously. To identify genes associated with inhibitors other than furfural, plasmid clones were selected in an artificial hydrolysate that had been treated with a vacuum to remove furfural. Two new resistance genes were discovered from Sau3A1 libraries of SL100 genomic DNA:nemA(N-ethylmaleimide reductase) and a putative regulatory gene containing a mutation in the coding region,yafC*. The presence of these mutations in SL100 was confirmed by sequencing. A single mutation was found in the upstream regulatory region ofnemR(nemRAoperon) in SL100. This mutation increasednemAactivity 20-fold over that of the parent organism (LY180) in AM1 medium without hydrolysate and increasednemAmRNA levels >200-fold. Addition of hydrolysates inducednemAexpression (mRNA and activity), in agreement with transcriptional control. NemA activity was stable in cell extracts (9 h, 37°C), eliminating a role for proteinase in regulation. LY180 with a plasmid expressingnemAoryafC*was more resistant to a vacuum-treated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate and to a vacuum-treated artificial hydrolysate than LY180 with an empty-vector control. Neither gene affected furfural tolerance. The vacuum-treated hydrolysates inhibited the reduction ofN-ethylmaleimide by NemA while also serving as substrates. Expression of thenemAoryafC*plasmid in LY180 doubled the rate of ethanol production from the vacuum-treated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate.
Genome Content and Phylogenomics Reveal both Ancestral and Lateral Evolutionary Pathways in Plant-Pathogenic Streptomyces Species
Authors: Huguet-Tapia Jose C. , Lefebure Tristan , Badger Jonathan H. , Guan Dongli , Pettis Gregg S. , Stanhope Michael J. , Loria Rosemary 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Streptomyces
spp. are highly differentiated actinomycetes with large, linear chromosomes that encode an arsenal of biologically active molecules and catabolic enzymes. Members of this genus are well equipped for life in nutrient-limited environments and are common soil saprophytes. Out of the hundreds of species in the genus
Streptomyces
, a small group has evolved the ability to infect plants. The recent availability of
Streptomyces
genome sequences, including four genomes of pathogenic species, provided an opportunity to characterize the gene content specific to these pathogens and to study phylogenetic relationships among them. Genome sequencing, comparative genomics, and phylogenetic analysis enabled us to discriminate pathogenic from saprophytic
Streptomyces
strains; moreover, we calculated that the pathogen-specific genome contains 4,662 orthologs. Phylogenetic reconstruction suggested that
Streptomyces scabies
and
S. ipomoeae
share an ancestor but that their biosynthetic clusters encoding the required virulence factor thaxtomin have diverged. In contrast,
S. turgidiscabies
and
S. acidiscabies
, two relatively unrelated pathogens, possess highly similar thaxtomin biosynthesis clusters, which suggests that the acquisition of these genes was through lateral gene transfer.
Thermal Inactivation of Enteric Viruses and Bioaccumulation of Enteric Foodborne Viruses in Live Oysters (Crassostrea virginica)
Authors: Araud Elbashir , DiCaprio Erin , Ma Yuanmei , Lou Fangfei , Gao Yu , Kingsley David , Hughes John H. , Li Jianrong 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Human enteric viruses are among the main causative agents of shellfish-associated outbreaks. In this study, the kinetics of viral bioaccumulation in live oysters and the heat stabilities of the predominant enteric viruses were determined both in tissue culture and in oyster tissues. A human norovirus (HuNoV) GII.4 strain, HuNoV surrogates (murine norovirus [MNV-1], Tulane virus [TV]), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and human rotavirus (RV) bioaccumulated to high titers within oyster tissues, with different patterns of bioaccumulation for the different viruses. We tested the thermal stability of each virus at 62, 72, and 80°C in culture medium. The viruses can be ranked from the most heat resistant to the least stable as follows: HAV, RV, TV, MNV-1. In addition, we found that oyster tissues provided protection to the viruses during heat treatment. To decipher the mechanism underlying viral inactivation by heat, purified TV was treated at 80°C for increasing time intervals. It was found that the integrity of the viral capsid was disrupted, whereas viral genomic RNA remained intact. Interestingly, heat treatment leading to complete loss of TV infectivity was not sufficient to completely disrupt the receptor binding activity of TV, as determined by the porcine gastric mucin–magnetic bead binding assay. Similarly, HuNoV virus-like particles (VLPs) and a HuNoV GII.4 strain retained some receptor binding ability following heat treatment. Although foodborne viruses have variable heat stability, 80°C for >6 min was sufficient to completely inactivate enteric viruses in oysters, with the exception of HAV.
Ecological Genomics of the Uncultivated Marine Roseobacter Lineage CHAB-I-5
Authors: Zhang Yao , Sun Ying , Jiao Nianzhi , Stepanauskas Ramunas , Luo Haiwei 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Members of the marine
Roseobacter
clade are major participants in global carbon and sulfur cycles. While roseobacters are well represented in cultures, several abundant pelagic lineages, including SAG-O19, DC5-80-3, and NAC11-7, remain largely uncultivated and show evidence of genome streamlining. Here, we analyzed the partial genomes of three single cells affiliated with CHAB-I-5, another abundant but exclusively uncultivated
Roseobacter
lineage. Members of this lineage encode several metabolic potentials that are absent in streamlined genomes. Examples are quorum sensing and type VI secretion systems, which enable them to effectively interact with host and other bacteria. Further analysis of the CHAB-I-5 single-cell amplified genomes (SAGs) predicted that this lineage comprises members with relatively large genomes (4.1 to 4.4 Mbp) and a high fraction of noncoding DNA (10 to 12%), which is similar to what is observed in many cultured, nonstreamlined
Roseobacter
lineages. The four uncultured lineages, while exhibiting highly variable geographic distributions, together represent >60% of the global pelagic roseobacters. They are consistently enriched in genes encoding the capabilities of light harvesting, oxidation of “energy-rich” reduced sulfur compounds and methylated amines, uptake and catabolism of various carbohydrates and osmolytes, and consumption of abundant exudates from phytoplankton. These traits may define the global prevalence of the four lineages among marine bacterioplankton.
Improved Acetic Acid Resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Overexpression of the
WHI2
Gene Identified through Inverse Metabolic Engineering
Authors: Chen Yingying , Stabryla Lisa , Wei Na 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Development of acetic acid-resistant
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
is important for economically viable production of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass, but the goal remains a critical challenge due to limited information on effective genetic perturbation targets for improving acetic acid resistance in the yeast. This study employed a genomic-library-based inverse metabolic engineering approach to successfully identify a novel gene target,
WHI2
(encoding a cytoplasmatic globular scaffold protein), which elicited improved acetic acid resistance in
S. cerevisiae
. Overexpression of
WHI2
significantly improved glucose and/or xylose fermentation under acetic acid stress in engineered yeast. The
WHI2
-overexpressing strain had 5-times-higher specific ethanol productivity than the control in glucose fermentation with acetic acid. Analysis of the expression of
WHI2
gene products (including protein and transcript) determined that acetic acid induced endogenous expression of Whi2 in
S. cerevisiae
. Meanwhile, the
whi2
Δ mutant strain had substantially higher susceptibility to acetic acid than the wild type, suggesting the important role of Whi2 in the acetic acid response in
S. cerevisiae
. Additionally, overexpression of
WHI2
and of a cognate phosphatase gene,
PSR1
, had a synergistic effect in improving acetic acid resistance, suggesting that Whi2 might function in combination with Psr1 to elicit the acetic acid resistance mechanism. These results improve our understanding of the yeast response to acetic acid stress and provide a new strategy to breed acetic acid-resistant yeast strains for renewable biofuel production.
A Highly Arginolytic Streptococcus Species That Potently Antagonizes Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Huang Xuelian , Palmer Sara R. , Ahn Sang-Joon , Richards Vincent P. , Williams Matthew L. , Nascimento Marcelle M. , Burne Robert A. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

The ability of certain oral biofilm bacteria to moderate pH through arginine metabolism by the arginine deiminase system (ADS) is a deterrent to the development of dental caries. Here, we characterize a novel
Streptococcus
strain, designated strain A12, isolated from supragingival dental plaque of a caries-free individual. A12 not only expressed the ADS pathway at high levels under a variety of conditions but also effectively inhibited growth and two intercellular signaling pathways of the dental caries pathogen
Streptococcus mutans
. A12 produced copious amounts of H
2
O
2
via the pyruvate oxidase enzyme that were sufficient to arrest the growth of
S. mutans
. A12 also produced a protease similar to challisin (Sgc) of
Streptococcus gordonii
that was able to block the competence-stimulating peptide (CSP)–ComDE signaling system, which is essential for bacteriocin production by
S. mutans
. Wild-type A12, but not an
sgc
mutant derivative, could protect the sensitive indicator strain
Streptococcus sanguinis
SK150 from killing by the bacteriocins of
S. mutans
. A12, but not
S. gordonii
, could also block the XIP (

com
X

-
i
nducing
p
eptide) signaling pathway, which is the proximal regulator of genetic competence in
S. mutans
, but Sgc was not required for this activity. The complete genome sequence of A12 was determined, and phylogenomic analyses compared A12 to streptococcal reference genomes. A12 was most similar to
Streptococcus australis
and
Streptococcus parasanguinis
but sufficiently different that it may represent a new species. A12-like organisms may play crucial roles in the promotion of stable, health-associated oral biofilm communities by moderating plaque pH and interfering with the growth and virulence of caries pathogens.
Feeding of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 Leads to Intestinal miRNA-423-5p-Induced Regulation of Immune-Relevant Genes
Authors: Kreuzer-Redmer Susanne , Bekurtz Jennifer C. , Arends Danny , Bortfeldt Ralf , Kutz-Lohroff Barbara , Sharbati Soroush , Einspanier Ralf , Brockmann Gudrun A. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Probiotics are widely used in human and animal health, but little is known about the mode of action of probiotics. One possible mechanism at the molecular level could be an influence on microRNAs (miRNAs) and the related immune-relevant target genes. Here, we analyzed differential expression of miRNA and potential target genes of ileal and jejunal lymphatic tissues from
Enterococcus faecium
NCIMB 10415-fed piglets versus untreated controls by using next-generation sequencing. We identified miR-423-5p as being greatly affected by the treatment group (2.32-fold;
P
= 0.014). Validation by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) confirmed a significant upregulation of miR-423-5p (2.11-fold;
P
= 0.03) and, additionally, downregulation of the important immune-relevant immunoglobulin lambda light C region (IGLC) (0.61-fold;
P
= 0.03) and immunoglobulin kappa constant (IGKC) (0.69-fold;
P
= 0.04) target genes. Expression analysis of miR-423-5p and IGLC at different age points shows a clear anticorrelated relationship. Luciferase reporter assays with a HeLa cell line verified IGLC as a target of miR-423-5p. The results provided evidence for an effect of feeding of
E. faecium
on the expression of miR-423-5p and on the regulation of the IGLC gene through miR-423-5p. This might be a possible mode of action of
E. faecium
on immune cell regulation in the small intestine.
An International Survey on the Current Use of Electroacupuncture
Authors: Mayor David , Bovey Mark 
Published: January 2016

Background Despite many research publications, it is unclear how widely electroacupuncture (EA) and related modalities are used in everyday practice. It is also uncertain who uses them, for what conditions, and with what results. We aimed to survey practitioners about their use of and training in EA. We also sought to determine how much the open-access English-language database at http://www.electroacupunctureknowledge.com (EAK) is used, or might be used in the future, if updated. Methods A survey was developed using several rounds of consultation with a focus group and others. Professional acupuncture membership organisations were contacted to assess their willingness to notify their members. The survey was tested before its launch. Results Thirty-four professional organisations agreed to participate, together with two research bodies and six UK training institutes. Potentially, around 50 000 professionals practising acupuncture knew about the survey, to which there were 768 responses. Data were analysed for respondent demographics. Around 70% used EA, but <25% used related electrotherapy modalities. Men were more likely than women to use more than one modality. Only around 7% of respondents used non-traditional acupuncture modalities without prior training. However, awareness and usage of the EAK database was low, although around 80% of respondents stated they might use the database in the future, primarily to improve clinical practice. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest survey on EA and related modalities ever conducted. As such, its results are likely to be of interest to acupuncture and other practitioners (whether or not they use EA), patients, policymakers, and funding agencies.
Going home after infant cardiac surgery: a UK qualitative study
Authors: Tregay Jenifer , Wray Jo , Crowe Sonya , Knowles Rachel , Daubeney Piers , Franklin Rodney , Barron David , Hull Sally , Barnes Nick , Bull Catherine , Brown Katherine L 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveTo qualitatively assess the discharge processes and postdischarge care in the community for infants discharged after congenital heart interventions in the first year of life.DesignQualitative study using semistructured interviews and Framework Analysis.SettingUK specialist cardiac centres and the services their patients are discharged to.SubjectsTwenty-five cardiologists and nurses from tertiary centres, 11 primary and secondary health professionals and 20 parents of children who had either died after discharge or had needed emergency readmission.ResultsParticipants indicated that going home with an infant after cardiac intervention represents a major challenge for parents and professionals. Although there were reported examples of good care, difficulties are exacerbated by inconsistent pathways and potential loss of information between the multiple teams involved. Written documentation from tertiary centres frequently lacks crucial contact information and contains too many specialist terms. Non-tertiary professionals and parents may not hold the information required to respond appropriately when an infant deteriorates, this contributing to the stressful experience of managing these infants at home. Where they exist, the content of formal ‘home monitoring pathways’ varies nationally, and families can find this onerous.ConclusionsService improvements are needed for infants going home after cardiac intervention in the UK, focusing especially on enhancing mechanisms for effective transfer of information outside the tertiary centre and processes to assist with monitoring and triage of vulnerable infants in the community by primary and secondary care professionals. At present there is no routine audit for this stage of the patient journey.