bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The two faces of Franco-Sudanian Treaties: The peripheral practice of ratification as evidence of transregional international law in the nineteenth century
Authors: Fofana Idriss Paul-Armand 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLegal scholars continue to revisit historical treaties between Western and non-Western nations to challenge long-standing accounts of non-Western peoples’ engagement with international law. Following this trend, new scholarship has stressed African agency in Euro-African treaty-making. However, legal scholars have generally overlooked African perspectives, pointing to a lack of sources. Focusing on nineteenth-century treaty-making between France and the polities of the Western Sudan in West Africa, this article excavates African perspectives through a novel reading of Euro-African treaties in an African context. This reading analyses treaties within the Western Sudan’s broader diplomatic corpus in both French and Arabic. By focusing on markers of translation, transcription, and negotiation left on different copies of treaties, this method brings to light arguments and practices that have been obscured in published European-language versions. Reading Franco-Sudanian treaties in a Sudanian context reveals that different norms governed the ratification of treaties in the Western Sudan and Europe. Treaties that scholars have long considered unratified were in fact ratified according to Western Sudanian norms, which designated the governor of French Senegal rather than the French president as the official competent to ratify treaties for France. However, when French officials sought to use treaties to claim sovereign rights in West Africa against Great Britain, they pressed the president to ratify them again. Presidential ratification thus served to transpose Franco-Sudanian treaties from an African to a Western normative order. Uncovering the African origins of Euro-African treaties thus reveals their differential operation across autonomous inter-polity orders.
Patterns of early childhood adversity and neighborhood deprivation predict unique challenges in adolescence: A UK birth cohort study
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu Z. , Bayly Benjamin L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study applies a comprehensive bioecological perspective to address a significant gap in the childhood adversity literature by employing latent profile analysis to examine the impact of diverse combinations of early childhood adversities and protective factors on adolescent psychosocial and behavioral outcomes. Drawing from the United Kingdom’s Millennium Cohort Study (N = 19,444), we identified eight unique profiles of early childhood adversity and protective factors. These profiles provide a nuanced understanding of adversity combinations and allow for differentiation between groups with similar profiles. Latent profile membership was a significant predictor of all adolescent outcome variables, indicating that profiles differed significantly from one another on psychosocial and behavioral outcomes (Wald values ranged from 10.10–623.22; p < .001). Some findings support the cumulative risk model, indicating that exposure to multiple early adversities increases the likelihood of adverse outcomes. However, we also found that specific adversities, such as parental psychopathology, parental alcohol use, and neighborhood deprivation, uniquely impact adolescent outcomes. This study highlights the necessity for tailored interventions and policies to support children with distinct early life experiences, emphasizing the importance of addressing both cumulative and specific adversities at multiple levels to prevent psychosocial and behavioral problems in adolescence.
Jovian encounter manifolds
Authors: Todorović Nataša , Knežević Nikola 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecent numerical studies have shown that the entire solar system is permeated with arch-like structures originating from all planets. Particles placed on such arches experience planetary close encounters after only one or few orbital revolutions. In this work, we are interested how thece arches, which we associate to encounter manifolds of Jupiter, appear in three dimensions for higher inclinations.Our results show that about 0.5% of the observed domain [a, e, i] = [2 AU, 11.5 AU] × [0, 0.7] × [0°, 90°] is covered by the manifolds. For inclinations up to ∼5°, the arch-like structures are almost unchanged compared to those initially observed in the orbital plane of Jupiter. At higher inclinations, the number of encounter orbits rapidly decreases to narrow domains where the manifolds stretch up to inclinations of 90° (and above) in a very steep manner.
Chaotic diffusion in the GJ 876 exoplanetary system
Authors: Alves Silva Raphael , Beaugé Cristian , Ferraz-Mello Sylvio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis is a study about the dynamical stability of the GJ 876 exoplanetary system. The phase space of initial conditions (ICs) is characterized using the MEGNO indicator of chaos and the Shannon entropy approach for estimations of diffusivity. The results are compared to analyze correlations between the chaotic layers and the instability timescales. The long-term dynamical behavior of the system is reminiscent of the stable chaos, at least within the system’s lifetime.
New semi-analytical calculation of lunar, solar and planetary perturbations in motion of Earth satellites
Authors: Kudryavtsev Sergey M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe suggest an advanced algorithm for semi-analytical calculation of orbital perturbations of Earth artificial satellites caused by the gravity attraction of the “3rd-bodies” (the Moon, the Sun, major planets). A new accurate analytical series for the relevant perturbation function is developed. It is obtained through a careful spectral analysis of the long-term DE406 planetary/lunar ephemerides and valid over 2000 years, 1000-3000. The series is used in the author’s semi-analytical model of satellite motion. The results of the motion prediction of several Earth satellites obtained by means of the semi-analytical model and a numerical integration method are compared.
Transversal Yarkovsky acceleration for Apophis through jet transport
Authors: Benet Luis , Pérez Hernández Jorge A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this contribution we describe the jet transport techniques that we used in Pérez-Hernández and Benet (2022) for the estimation of the Yarkovsky transversal acceleration for (99942) Apophis, which included optical and radar astrometry observations obtained during 2021 Apophis’ fly-by. Our numerical approach exploits automatic differentiation techniques which improve the orbital determination problem. We obtain a non-zero Yarkovsky parameter A2 = (−2.899±0.025) × 10−14 au d−2 which is consistent with other recent determinations of this parameter. Our results allow to constrain the collision probabilities for the close approaches in 2029, 2036 and 2068.
Comparison of Mars rotation angle models
Authors: Yseboodt Marie , Baland Rose-Marie , Le Maistre Sébastien 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe compare published solutions for the rotation angle W(t) which describes the location of the prime meridian of Mars with respect to the ICRF equator in IAU recommendations. If the model for W includes a very long period term, we transform it into a quadratic polynomial with updated epoch value and rate, resulting in a difference in the mean epoch value up to 200 km. The mean and true epoch rotation angles are about 800 mas (13 m) apart in J2000 and should not be confused with each other in order to accurately locate the prime meridian. We identify two groups of radio-science solutions for W, which can be distinguished by the prime meridian location they used as a priori that differ from each other by about 100 m at J2000.
Long-term stability and dynamical spacing of compact planetary systems
Authors: Petit Antoine C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExoplanet detection surveys revealed the existence of numerous multi-planetary systems packed close to their stability limit. In this proceeding, we review the mechanism driving the instability of compact systems, originally published in (Petit et al. 2020). Compact systems dynamics are dominated by the interactions between resonances involving triplets of planets. The complex network of three-planet mean motion resonances drives a slow chaotic semi-major axes diffusion, leading to a fast and destructive scattering phase. This model reproduces quantitatively the instability timescale found numerically. We can observe signpost of this process on exoplanet systems architecture. The critical spacing ensuring stability scales as the planet-to star mass ratio to the power 1/4. It explains why the Hill radius is not an adapted measure of dynamical compactness of exoplanet systems, particularly for terrestrial planets. We also provide some insight on the theoretical tools developped in the original work and how they can be of interest in other problems.
Migration of giant planets in low viscosity discs and consequences on the Nice model
Authors: Griveaud P. , Crida A. , Lega E. , Petit A. C. , Morbidelli A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUsing 2D hydrodynamical simulations, we show that in a low viscosity protoplanetary disc, Jupiter and Saturn get locked in the 2:1 mean motion resonance and migrate slowly inwards, unlike cases at higher viscosities. We conclude that in such discs the scenario of the Grand-Tack is not possible. Additionally, we investigate how the migration of the four (potentially five) giant planets in low viscous discs may affect the initial conditions of another important model for the formation history of our Solar System: the Nice Model. Adding ice giants in our hydrodynamical simulations, we find different possible resonant chains induced by migration. We then let the disc evolve until the gas phase dissipates and study the dynamical stability of the system. We find it possible to recreate the Solar System from such resonant chains, however the likelihood of this outcome remains low.
Excitation of the obliquity of Earth-like planets via tidal forcing using the Andrade rheology
Authors: Valente Ema F. S. , Correia Alexandre C. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractClose-in planets undergo strong tidal effects with their host stars that modify their spins and orbits. Adopting a Maxwell rheology, it has been shown that for the 5/2 and 7/2 spin-orbit resonances, the obliquity of these planets can stabilise at a high value. Here, we show that these high obliquity metastable states can also be observed for the same spin-orbit resonances considering the Andrade rheology.
Dynamics of Circumstellar Planets in Binary Star Systems
Authors: Lee Man Hoi , Wong Ka Ho , Cheng Ho Wan , Trifonov Trifon , Reffert Sabine , Quirrenbach Andreas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCircumstellar planets in binary star systems provide unique constraints on the formation and dynamical evolution of planets. We present an empirical formula for the stability boundary of coplanar retrograde orbits, similar to the classic one for coplanar prograde orbits. We discuss two of the tightest binaries with circumstellar planets: HD 59686 and ν Octantis. For HD 59686, dynamical fitting of the radial velocity data and stability analysis show that the planet must be either on a nearly coplanar retrograde orbit or in one of the narrow regions of prograde orbits stabilized by secular apsidal alignment. For ν Octantis, a nearly coplanar retrograde planetary orbit is the only option for dynamical stability. We also discuss the mysterious case of ε Cygni. It shows short-period radial velocity variations that closely resemble the signal of a Jupiter-mass planet, but the period and amplitude change over time and dynamical stability analysis rules out a planet.
Multi-planet systems explored: the case of the HD34445 system revisited
Authors: Georgakarakos Nikolaos , Dobbs-Dixon Ian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHD34445 is a system that consists of a star and six planets. In some previous work, we investigated the dynamical stability of the system by means of numerical simulations. Here, we explore the system further by carrying out additional numerical experiments. A total of 100000 simulations confirm previous findings of the stability status of the system at the 1σ and 99% c.i. level. We find that only 2.7% of the systems with parameters varied within 1σ from the mean were unstable, while that percentage rose to about 28% for systems with parameter values taken within the 99% c.i. These preliminary results are presented and discussed herein.
Hazardous Asteroids and Space Situational Awareness — Do Look UP !
Authors: Hestroffer Daniel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe present in the following the introductory talk on “Hazardous asteroids and the Hera mission”, made during the round table on Space Awareness. It reminds the context of our awareness for near-Earth objects, the characterisation of risk, current international surveillance programmes, and mitigation measures in particular with space missions, and last, a rendez-vous with Apophis to note in your agenda for 2029.
Global barriers to decision makers for prioritizing interventions for obesity
Authors: Ehlers Lars Holger , Reinstrup Nicoline Weinreich , Olesen Renée Hangaard , Holm Jens-Christian , McEwan Phil , Le Roux Carel W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The treatment of obesity remains underprioritized. New pharmacologic options for the treatment of obesity have shown effectiveness and safety but are not widely reimbursed. Despite the unmet need and the existence of effective prevention and treatment strategies, substantial barriers exist to effectively address obesity as a disease. The purpose of this scoping review was to investigate the barriers for decision makers in prioritizing interventions for obesity and to seek out interconnection between barriers to prevention and treatment. A scoping review was conducted using a systematic search of both scientific databases and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) databases. Studies that addressed barriers to reimbursement or prioritization of obesity treatment and prevention were included. A total of 26 articles and 14 HTAs were included. Four main barriers for decision makers to prioritize new interventions for obesity were identified: perceptions, knowledge, economics, and politics. There was a high degree of interconnectedness among barriers, as well as large overlaps between barriers in relation to bariatric surgery, pharmacologic treatments, and prevention regulation. Multiple barriers exist that impact decision makers in prioritizing interventions for treating obesity. A strong interconnectedness of the barriers was found, indicating a systems approach to improve global prioritization to address the disease. This study suggests that decision makers should carefully consider all main barriers when addressing the obesity epidemic.
Visual pathways functioning in healthy pre-term adolescents: Sex but not gestational age effect
Authors: Taddei Matilde , Tinelli Francesca , Faccio Flavia , Riva Daria , Bulgheroni Sara 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Visuo-spatial and visuo-perceptual functioning is widely studied in preterm child and is strongly sex-specific. However, little to no data is available regarding male-female differences in preterm children and adolescents and about the interaction effect between sex and preterm birth.

Methods
We studied 30 adolescents born preterm with normal cognitive and clinical neurological outcomes and 34 age-matched controls to investigate the interaction between levels of prematurity and sex in predicting the outcome of visual pathways functioning and to explore the relation between psychophysiological perceptive processing and neuropsychological performance.

Results
In the presence of prematurity, a greater female vulnerability in central visuo-cognitive processing (Form Coherence Task), but not in neuropsychological accuracy (Street Completion Test and Visual Object and Space Perception battery), seems to be more evident. Moreover, the psychophysical threshold is correlated to neuropsychological accuracy only in preterm females and not in males.

Conclusion
These results support the idea that the male vulnerability in cognitive functioning described in prematurity-related developmental conditions is negligible during school age in children-adolescents with normal cognitive and clinical neurological outcomes.

Impact

Visuo-perceptual functioning is widely studied in prematurity. However, few data are available about the interaction effect between sex and preterm birth in predicting visuo-perceptual functioning.

We evidenced that in females born preterm with preserved cognitive abilities, the efficiency of the psychophysical visuo-perceptual threshold is reduced, but not related to the neuropsychological performance. Females may implement compensation strategies to achieve good performance regardless of the perceptual threshold.

The present study addresses an important gap in literature, suggesting possible sex-specific outcomes in visuo-perceptual ability among preterm children and adolescents with normal intelligence and neurological outcomes.
Living histopathology - interrogation of ocular tissues by light: a celebration of the slit-lamp and a repertoire of clinical techniques
Authors: Meyer Paul A. R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe evolution of the slit-lamp microscope has enabled ophthalmologists to examine the transparent tissues of the eye with histological detail. This paper considers the history and optics of the slit-lamp. Optical sectioning and retro-illumination are discussed; particularly, effective placement of the reflected light beam. A variety of less conventional slit-lamp examination techniques is described. These include remote dark-field retro-illumination, examination through refractive surfaces (particularly, meniscus retro-illumination to demonstrate tear cells and non-contact corneal endothelial specular microscopy), location of vitreous abnormalities by parallax, expanding radial cords of vitreous cells in lymphoma, mirror examination of the superior fornix and corneal epithelial folds in ocular hypotension. It concludes with brief discussions about haemoglobin video imaging, semi-quantification of aqueous outflow volume by aqueous column cross-section area, and autofocus for video-microscopy.
Study of mechanical and electrical properties through positron annihilation spectroscopy for ethylene-propylene-diene rubber biocomposites with treated wheat husk fibers
Authors: Mohamed Hamdy F. M. , Taha Howayda G. , Mohammed Wael M. , Abdel-Hady Esam E. , Awad Somia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy characteristics of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber (EPDM) composites reinforced with treated wheat husk fibers (WHFs) were investigated for the first time. PAL spectroscopy is employed to study the free volume of polymers. The use of lignocellulosic materials as reinforcement in polymeric composites has gained attention due to their low cost, availability, and eco-friendliness. In this study, the impact of the loading concentration on the interfacial adhesion between the EPDM matrix and WHFs is quantified, along with the evaluation of swelling measurement and tensile properties. Additionally, the nanoscopic properties derived from PAL spectroscopy correlate with the composites’ macroscopic properties. In addition, the dielectric properties of the investigated samples have been studied, and their conductivity has been calculated. To determine the conduction mechanism within these samples and how it is affected by the addition of WHF, the change in electrical conductivity with the frequency of the external electric field applied to the samples was studied, and from this, the conduction mechanism was determined, and the barrier height value was calculated. The experimental results provide insights into the relationship between the structure and properties of EPDM-WHF biocomposites, offering valuable knowledge for developing sustainable and high-performance materials.
AnEEG: leveraging deep learning for effective artifact removal in EEG data
Authors: Kalita Bhabesh , Deb Nabamita , Das Daisy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn neuroscience and clinical diagnostics, electroencephalography (EEG) is a crucial instrument for capturing neural activity. However, this signal is polluted by different artifacts like muscle activity, eye blinks, environmental interference, etc., which makes it more difficult to retrieve important information from the signal. Deep learning methods have demonstrated the potential to lower these artifacts and enhance the EEG’s quality in recent years. In this work, a novel deep learning method,“AnEEG” is presented for eliminating artifacts from EEG signal. The quantitative matrices NMSE, RMSE, CC, SNR and SAR are calculated to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model. Through this process, it was found that the suggested model outperformed wavelet decomposition techniques. The model achieves lower NMSE and RMSE values, which indicates better agreement with the original signal. Achieving higher CC values means stronger linear agreement with the ground truth signals. Additionally, the model shows improvements in both SNR and SAR values. Overall, this suggested approach showcases promising results in improving the quality of EEG data by utilizing deep learning.
UDCA ameliorates inflammation driven EMT by inducing TGR5 dependent SOCS1 expression in mouse macrophages
Authors: Fathima Ashna , Jamma Trinath 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLong-standing chronic inflammation of the digestive tract leads to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), comprising Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC). The persistent prevalence of these conditions in the gut is a predisposing factor for Colitis-Associated Cancer (CAC), one of the most common sub-types of Colorectal Cancer (CRC), emphasizing the role of inflammation in tumorigenesis. Therefore, targeted intervention of chronic intestinal inflammation is a potential strategy for preclusion and treatment of inflammation-driven malignancies. The association between bile acids (BA) and gut immune homeostasis has been explored in the recent past. However, the exact downstream mechanism by which secondary BA successfully regulating intestinal inflammation and inflammation-dependent CAC is unclear. Our study demonstrated that Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a secondary bile acid of host gut microbial origin, finetunes the dialogue between activated macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells, modulating inflammation-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a hallmark of cancer. UDCA treatment and dependency on the TGR5/GPBAR1 receptor significantly upregulated the Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) expression, contributing to the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in activated macrophages. In this study, we also noticed heightened expression of SOCS1 in UDCA-mitigated CAC in the AOM-DSS mouse model with reduced inflammatory gene expression. Overall, our observations highlight the possible utility of UDCA for inflammation-driven intestinal cancer.
Synthesis, Isolation and Characterization of Nine Pharmacopeial Impurities Related to the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Olsalazine Sodium
Authors: Thorat Rakesh G. , Chavan Jagdish , Chaskar Sudhir , Vedpathak Hanmant , Suryawanshi Venkat , Chaudhari Ashok , Pramanik Chinmoy , Roychowdhury Abhijit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOlsalazine sodium is an anti-inflammatory agent used to treat ulcerative colitis. Both British and European Pharmacopoeia list nine process-related impurities in their monographs. Quantification of the impurities in the final synthesized active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is required to meet the quality standards set by the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). Both literature reports and commercial vendors for these impurities are few and far between. The present report describes the synthesis, isolation, purification and characterization of these nine pharmacopeial impurities.