bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do we know what is happening online?
Authors: Charalampidi Marina , Hammond Michael 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the process of analysing online discussion and argue for the merits of mixed methods. Much research of online participation and e-learning has been either message-focused or person-focused. The former covers methodologies such as content and discourse analysis, the latter interviewing and surveys. The paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches in the context of a study of an online social educational network for gifted students.

Design/methodology/approach
The design of this study included the use of content analysis, visualisation diagrams, interviews and questionnaire survey to understand the nature of online discussion and the experience of taking part.

Findings
It was found that the message-focused analysis provided insight into participation and interaction patterns, whereas the surveys and interviews enabled access to members’ preferences and attitudes.

Originality/value
The contribution of the paper is to argue for a mixed approach in which different types of data can be compared and contrasted. While the use of mixed methods in social research in general has long been suggested, its adoption in the field of online learning is yet to be widely established, possibly because of its time-consuming and demanding nature. Despite these constraints, a mixed-methods approach is advocated, as it allows for a comprehensive picture of the use of the network and the experience of online participation.
Motivations leading to customer citizenship behavior in services: scale development and validation
Authors: Choi Laee , Lotz Sherry 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to better understand customer citizenship behavior (CCB) motivation through the development and validation of a new scale to measure the CCB motivation (CCBM) construct.

Design/methodology/approach
The mixed-methods study, combination of qualitative and quantitative research, is used to develop the scale item that measures CCBM. For nomological validity testing, data were collected from customers who had transacted with a specific service provider business in the past six months. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings
This study suggests that CCBM can be reliably measured by 12 items, composed of four sub-dimensions, self-enhancement, personal principles, desire to support the service provider and perception of the service provider’s past performance. In addition, nomological validity testing through three empirical models confirms that CCBM is a multi-dimensional construct with a second-order nature and an antecedent that positively influences CCB.

Originality/value
The research provides an original view regarding CCBM scale development in the services contexts and makes invaluable contributions to understanding a variety of motivations that lead customers to voluntary participation behaviors.
Buying organic – decision-making heuristics and empirical evidence from Germany
Authors: Moser Andrea K. 
Published: November 2016

PurposeIdentifying the drivers that positively influence consumption of organic products is of utmost importance to reach consumers beyond the niche. Therefore, this study aims to propose an innovative framework which conceptualizes motivating beliefs and a simple decision-making heuristic as predictors of buying organic.Design/methodology/approachA structural equation approach is applied. Data were obtained from a nationwide panel (n= 1,760) and included survey data and scanner data for five different food categories.FindingsThe model is supported by actual purchasing data in all categories. While beliefs explained about 75 per cent of the variance in the decision-making heuristic for organic products, the heuristic in turn predicted up to 20 per cent of the variance in buying behavior.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research should aim to validate the proposed constructs and relationships and refine the factors.Practical implicationsConsumers have to understand and value the benefits of organic products. Self-interested and environmental beliefs are equally strong motivations which can be seen as an opportunity for marketing.Originality/valueThe results contribute to understanding the structure and the impact of heuristics and quantify the competing beliefs by which heuristics are driven.
Sustainable human capacity development in the African built environment
Authors: Ene Gloria Unoma , Goulding Jack Steven , John Godfaurd Adjaie 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
A growing recognition that human capital is a more critical factor than physical capital in wealth creation has led to the drive for individuals, organisations, industries and societies to become knowledge producing entities. Africa’s growing population, high rate of urbanisation and demand for sustainable infrastructure development have highlighted the need for human capacity development (HCD). However, studies indicate that the supply systems for learning which African construction organisations rely on are weak and immature generating wide spread reports of skills shortages, skills mismatches, skill deficiencies and concomitant high unemployment. This paper forms the prologue in a wider research aimed at developing a workforce capability optimising model for construction firms and the purpose of this paper is to review literature relating to HCD to highlight needs and to explore the applicability of emerging workforce development (WD) approaches in project-based construction workplaces.

Design/methodology/approach
Literature review, limited to peer reviewed academic publications in English from 2000 to 2016.

Findings
Much of the literature reviewed focus on educational aspects and consequently basic entry skills into the construction workforce. Workplace learning (WL), though acknowledged, is not given much attention. However, life-long learning, WL and self-directed learning have taken on greater significance because of the transient nature of knowledge in the Knowledge Age. WD practices of construction firms in Africa range from non-existent to average particularly at intermediate skills levels.

Originality/value
The paper makes a case for improved WD systems applicable to the African construction workplace and introduces elements of a proposed capability optimising framework that supports sustained effective learning environments and learners. Significantly, the model will incorporate HCD for intermediate skills and learning at the project level of the organisation.
Housing Price Forecastability: A Factor Analysis
Authors: Bork Lasse , Møller Stig V. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe examine U.S. housing price forecastability using principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares (PLS) and sparse PLS (SPLS). We incorporate information from a large panel of 128 economic time series and show that macroeconomic fundamentals have strong predictive power for future movements in housing prices. We find that (S)PLS models systematically dominate PCA models. (S)PLS models also generate significant out‐of‐sample predictive power over and above the predictive power contained by the price–rent ratio, autoregressive benchmarks and regression models based on small datasets.
Six years without pholcodine; Norwegians are significantly less IgE‐sensitized and clinically more tolerant to neuromuscular blocking agents
Authors: de Pater G. H. , Florvaag E. , Johansson S. G. O. , Irgens Å. , Petersen M. N. H. , Guttormsen A. B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundAs a strong inducer of IgE antibodies to substituted ammonium ion epitopes (QAI), pholcodine (PHO) is a postulated cause of allergic anaphylaxis to neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs). Three years after withdrawal of PHO in Norway, a significant reduction in IgE sensitization and anaphylaxis reporting was seen.ObjectiveSix‐year follow‐up study on the effects of PHO withdrawal on IgE sensitization and anaphylaxis reporting.MethodsFrom 650 acute consecutive reports (2005–2013) to the Norwegian Network for Anaphylaxis under Anaesthesia (NARA), total number of reports on suspected anaphylactic reactions, number of reactions where NMBAs were administered, number of reactions where serum IgE antibodies (≥0.35 kUA/l) to suxamethonium (SUX) and PHO were present at time of reaction and anaphylaxis severity grades were retrieved. In addition, NMBA sales and prevalence of IgE sensitization to PHO and SUX among ‘allergics’ were monitored.ResultsFrom baseline period P0 (PHO on the market) through the first (P1) and second (P2), three‐year periods after withdrawal, significant falls in total reports (P < 0.001) and reports with IgE antibodies to PHO (P = 0.008) and SUX (P = 0.001) at time of reaction were found. Total NMBA sales in P2 were 83% of P0, and SUX and rocuronium (ROC) together made up 86% of sales throughout the study. Five NMBA‐related anaphylactic deaths occurred during P0 and P1 and, however, none during P2. Prevalence of IgE sensitization to SUX in ‘allergics’ fell to 0% at 4 and 5 years after withdrawal.ConclusionsSix years after PHO withdrawal, the Norwegian population has become significantly less IgE‐sensitized and clinically more tolerant to NMBAs.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: comparative efficacy of immunosuppressants and biologics for reducing hospitalisation and surgery in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
Authors: Mao E. J. , Hazlewood G. S. , Kaplan G. G. , Peyrin‐Biroulet L. , Ananthakrishnan A. N. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryIntroductionCrohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have a progressive course leading to hospitalisation and surgery. The ability of existing therapies to alter disease course is not clearly defined.AimTo investigate the comparative efficacy of currently available inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapies to reduce hospitalisation and surgery.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review in MEDLINE/PubMed for randomised controlled trials (RCT) published between January 1980 and May 2016 examining efficacy of biological or immunomodulator therapy in IBD. We performed direct comparisons of pooled proportions of hospitalisation and surgery. Pair‐wise comparisons using a random‐effects Bayesian network meta‐analysis were performed to assess comparative efficacy of different treatments.ResultsWe identified seven randomised controlled trials (5 CD; 2 UC) comparing three biologics and one immunomodulator with placebo. In CD, anti‐TNF biologics significantly reduced hospitalisation [Odds ratio (OR) 0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–0.60] and surgery (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.13–0.42) compared to placebo. No statistically significant reduction was noted with azathioprine or vedolizumab. Azathioprine was inferior to both infliximab and adalimumab in preventing CD‐related hospitalisation (>97.5% probability). Anti‐TNF biologics significantly reduced hospitalisation (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29–0.80) and surgery (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.46–0.97) in UC. There were no statistically significant differences in the pair‐wise comparisons between active treatments.ConclusionsIn CD and UC, anti‐TNF biologics are efficacious in reducing the odds of hospitalisation by half and surgery by 33–77%. Azathioprine and vedolizumab were not associated with a similar improvement, but robust conclusions may be limited due to paucity of RCTs.
‘Fair Work’ and the Modernization of Australian Labour Standards: A Case of Institutional Plasticity Entrenching Deepening Wage Inequality
Authors: Buchanan John , Oliver Damian 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAustralia was long recognized for its relatively compressed wage structure. From the 1940s to the 1970s this was associated with a comprehensive regime of ‘award‐based’ minimum wages. Since the 1980s, this has been subjected to comprehensive ‘modernization’. After three decades of reform and in the most supportive economic environment in the OECD, Australian wage inequality has deepened. Although multiple political‐economic forces have been at play, the evolution of Australia's labour standards regime is an example of ‘institutional plasticity’ whereby the purpose and operations of wage‐setting institutions not only evolves but can actually be inverted over time.
The biogeography of sodium in Neotropical figs (Moraceae)
Authors: Bravo Adriana , Harms Kyle E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSodium is essential for animals but not for most plants. Terrestrial sodium comes largely from marine aerosols, so inland ecosystems should have greater potential for sodium limitation than coastal ecosystems. We report a significant decrease of sodium in fruits of four Neotropical Ficus species with distance from presumed marine source.
Parental and child factors associated with participation in a randomised control trial of an Internet‐assisted parent training programme
Authors: Fossum Sturla , Ristkari Terja , Cunningham Charles , McGrath Patrick J. , Suominen Auli , Huttunen Jukka , Lingley‐Pottie Patricia , Sourander Andre 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundParental training is an effective way to treat and prevent children's conduct problems, but knowledge of who participates in such initiatives is limited.MethodThis study examined child and family factors associated with participation in an Internet‐assisted parent training programme. The parents of 4‐year‐old children with high levels of disruptive behaviour in a region of Finland were offered the opportunity to participate in a randomised controlled trial of the Strongest Families Smart Website intervention (SFSW). The participants and nonparticipants were compared using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), duration of child problems and information about family demographics, which were routinely collected prior to randomisation to the SFSW and control group.ResultsWe found that 464 (64.5%) of the 709 parents of children fulfilling the screening criteria, participated. In the multivariable analysis, nonparticipation was most strongly associated with a child only having minor difficulties [odds ratio (OR): 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5–3.0] and a shorter duration of problems, for less than 12 months (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2–2.5), after controlling for other child factors. Nonparticipation was significantly associated with mothers spending a shorter time in the education system (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2–2.3) after controlling for other parental factors.ConclusionsA larger percentage of parents of children with longer lasting and more severe problems seemed to be motivated to participate in this remote parent training programme. Future studies on how to encourage parents with shorter duration of education to participate in early intervention programmes are warranted.
Within‐Family Relations in Objective Sleep Duration, Quality, and Schedule
Authors: Kouros Chrystyna D. , El‐Sheikh Mona 
Published: November 2016

The current study examined within‐family relations between mothers’, fathers’, and children's objectively assessed sleep. Participants were 163 children (Mage = 10.45 years; SD = 0.62) and their parents. For 7 nights, families wore actigraphs to assess sleep duration (minutes), quality (efficiency, long wake episode, total wake minutes), and schedule (wake time). A sleep log assessed bedtime. Multilevel models indicated that children's sleep minutes, sleep efficiency, wake minutes, and wake time were associated with fluctuations in their mothers’, but not fathers’, sleep that same night. The duration and quality of mothers’ sleep was associated with both fathers’ and children's sleep that night, whereas fathers’ sleep was positively associated with only mothers’ sleep. Findings highlight the importance of examining sleep within a family context.
Exploring the Co‐Development of Reading Fluency and Reading Comprehension: A Twin Study
Authors: Little Callie W. , Hart Sara A. , Quinn Jamie M. , Tucker‐Drob Elliot M. , Taylor Jeanette , Schatschneider Christopher 
Published: November 2016

This study explores the co‐development of two related but separate reading skills, reading fluency and reading comprehension, across Grades 1–4. A bivariate biometric dual change score model was applied to longitudinal data collected from 1,784 twin pairs between the ages of 6 and 10 years. Grade 1 skills were influenced by highly overlapping genetic and environmental factors. Growth in both skills was influenced by highly overlapping shared environmental factors. Cross‐lagged parameters indicated bidirectional effects, with stronger effects from fluency to comprehension change than from comprehension to fluency change.
Urinary B cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL): potential biomarkers of active lupus nephritis
Authors: Phatak S , Chaurasia S , Mishra S K , Gupta R , Agrawal V , Aggarwal A , Misra R 
Published: November 2016

Summary
B cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) help in B cell activation, maintenance and plasma cell survival. B cell infiltration has been demonstrated in kidneys of patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Serum levels of BAFF and APRIL have shown inconsistent relationships with lupus disease activity. We evaluated urinary levels of BAFF and APRIL as biomarker for LN. Thirty-six patients with proliferative lupus nephritis (AN), 10 with active lupus without nephritis (AL) and 15 healthy controls (HC) were studied. APRIL and BAFF levels were measured in both serum and urine using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Urine levels were normalized for urinary creatinine excretion. Urine levels were correlated with conventional disease activity markers and histology. Levels were reassessed in 20 AN patients at 6 months after treatment with cyclophosphamide. Urinary APRIL (uAPRIL) and BAFF (uBAFF) levels were raised significantly in AN. uAPRIL, but not uBAFF, correlated moderately with renal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) in AN (r = 0·36, P &lt; 0·05). On receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis, uBAFF and uAPRIL showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0·825 and 0·781, respectively, in differentiating between nephritis and non-nephritis, which performed better than low C3, C4 and raised anti-dsDNA antibodies. There was no correlation of serum levels with uBAFF (r = 0·187, P = 0·261) and uAPRIL (r = 0·114, P = 0·494). uAPRIL levels reduced after treatment (mean 125 pg/mg to 36 pg/mg, P &lt; 0·05). uBAFF levels reduced in 16 responders while two of four non-responders had increase in levels. Thus, uBAFF and uAPRIL are potential biomarkers of proliferative lupus nephritis.
Gut microbiome in children with enthesitis-related arthritis in a developing country and the effect of probiotic administration
Authors: Aggarwal A , Sarangi A N , Gaur P , Shukla A , Aggarwal R 
Published: November 2016

Summary
In Asia, enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) is the most frequent category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. ERA has a strong association with human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 and subclinical gut inflammation. In an HLA-B27 transgenic rat model, the presence of Bacteroides bacteria in the gut appears to cause spondyloarthropathy (SpA). Thus, we studied gut microbiota in children with ERA. Stool specimens from 33 patients with ERA and 14 age-matched healthy controls were studied; none had any gastrointestinal symptom, or had received a drug known to affect gut motility or microbiota in the preceding 6 weeks. From each specimen, a cDNA library for the V3 region of bacterial 16S rRNA was subjected to high-throughput, massively parallel sequencing. Relationship of the specimens was studied using principal co-ordinate analysis (PCoA), and abundances of various bacterial taxa and alpha diversity were compared between groups. In eight patients, a repeat faecal specimen was studied after 12 weeks of probiotic therapy. The 55 specimens yielded a median (range) of 397 315 (102 093–1 502 380) high-quality reads each. In PCoA, gut microbiota from ERA showed a wider dispersion than those from controls. In patients, families Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were more abundant and Prevotellaceae were less abundant than in controls. Also, genera Bacteroides, Entercoccus and Klebsiella were over-represented and genus Prevotella was under-represented in ERA patients. Probiotic therapy led to a non-significant increase in Prevotellaceae. Patients with ERA have a dysbiosis in the gut, with increased abundance of Bacteroides and reduction of Prevotella. Probiotic supplementation in a subset of patients did not reverse these changes significantly.
The Impact of In Vitro Accelerated Aging, Approximating 30 and 60 Years In Vivo, on Commercially Available Zirconia Dental Implants
Authors: Monzavi Mona , Noumbissi Sammy , Nowzari Hessam 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundDespite increased popularity of Zirconia dental implants, concerns have been raised regarding low temperature degradation (LTD) and its effect on micro‐structural integrity.PurposeThis study evaluated the effect of LTD on four types of Zirconia dental implants at 0, 30, and 60 years of artificial aging. The impact of aging on t‐m transformation and micro crack formation was measured.Materials and MethodsAccelerated aging at 15 and 30 hours, approximating 30 and 60 years in vivo, aged 36 Zirconia dental implants: Z systems® (A), Straumann® (B), Ceraroot® (C), and Zeramex® (D). Focused ion beam‐scanning electron microscopic analysis determined the micro structural features, phase transformation, and the formation of micro cracks.ResultsAt 15 hours, type A implant presented with micro cracks and t‐m transformation of 0.9 µm and 3.1 µm, respectively. At 30 hours, micro cracks remained shallow (1 µm). At 15 hours, type B implant presented micro cracks (0.7 µm) and grain transformation (1.2 µm). At 30 hours, these features remained superficial at 0.6 and 1.5 µm, respectively. Type C implant presented surface micro cracks of 0.3 µm at 15 hours. The depth of t‐m transformation slightly increased to 1.4 µm. At 30 hours, number of micro cracks increased at the surface to an average depth of 1.5 µm. Depth of t‐m transformation increased to an average of 2.5 µm. At 15 hours, micro cracks remained superficial (0.8 µm) for type D implant and depth of t‐m transformation increased to 2.3 µm. At 30 hours, the depth of micro cracks increased to an average of 1.3 µm followed by increased t‐m transformation to a depth of 4.1 µm.ConclusionDepth of grain transformation remained within 1‐4 µm from the surface. The effect of aging was minimal for all Zirconia implants.