bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomistic modelling of thin film argon evaporation over different solid surfaces at different wetting conditions
Authors: Hasan Mohammad Nasim , Shavik Sheikh Mohammad , Mukut Khaled Mosharraf , Rabbi Kazi Fazle , Faisal A H M 
Published: November 2017

In the present study, non‐equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to reveal the effect of solid–liquid interfacial wettability on the evaporation characteristics of thin liquid argon film placed over the flat solid surface. The atomistic model considered herein comprises of a three‐phase simulation domain having a solid wall over which liquid argon and argon vapour co‐exist. Initially, the system is thermally equilibrated at 90 K for a while after which rapid increase in the solid wall temperature induces a phase change process, i.e. evaporation. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic wetting conditions of the solid surface have been considered at an evaporation temperature of 130 K for three different surface materials such as platinum, silver, and aluminium. The simulation results show that both the surface wettability and surface material have a significant role in phase transition phenomena of thin liquid film, particularly the surface wettability for the present system configuration. The thermal transport phenomena between the wall and liquid thin film have been studied thoroughly and discussed in terms of wall heat flux, evaporative mass flux, upper bound of maximum possible heat flux etc. The results obtained in the present MD simulation study are compared with the macroscopic predictions based on classical thermodynamics. Interestingly, a very good agreement has been found indicating that macroscopic thermodynamics approach can predict the characteristic of phase change phenomena of nanoscale thin liquid film.
Fabrication of a flexible biomimetic film with spontaneously unidirectional water‐spreading property
Authors: Tang Longjun , Wang Xiaolin , Hong Wen , Sun Wenxi , Yang Bin , Chen Xiang , Liu Jingquan 
Published: November 2017

A microstructure inspired by the structure on the peristome of Nepenthes alata was prepared with parylene‐C through a sacrificial layer technology. The biomimetic microstructure on a flexible film exhibits high‐speed (>2.5 mm/s in average) and long‐distance (>20 mm for 4 μl water droplets) unidirectional water spreading. The wetting behaviour and the parameters that affect the anisotropic spreading behaviour were in‐depth investigated. The novel microstructure and fabrication methods in this work may provide new insights into liquid behaviours on rough surfaces, and new ideas for non‐power microfluidic platform.
Nano‐montmorillonite‐based porous material prepared by gel casting: structure and adsorption properties
Authors: E Tao , Li Ying , Yang Shuyi , Qian Jianhua , Liu Lin , Xing Jinjuan 
Published: November 2017

Porous materials (P‐Mt) were prepared via gel casting method by nano‐montmorillonite (Nano‐Mt) powder. P‐Mt possessed adsorption capability to low concentration Cr3+ in tanning waste water. The initial concentration of Cr3+ was 10 mg/L (pH = 3 ± 0.1), its removal rate and adsorption quantity were 72.50% and 5.80 mg/g, respectively, when P‐Mt was sintered at 600°C. While sintering temperature was higher than 700°C, its adsorption capacity to Cr3+ was damped because crystal shape and lamellar structure of P‐Mt were significantly changed. It demonstrates that 600°C was a better sintering temperature at which P‐Mt could efficiently remove Cr3+ in tanning waste water. Moreover, the problem of easily aggregation and difficult recycle in liquid with Nano‐Mt powder was solved according to this method.
Double plasma resonance instability as a source of solar zebra emission
Authors: Benáček J. , Karlický M. 
Published: November 2017

Context. The double plasma resonance (DPR) instability plays a basic role in the generation of solar radio zebras. In the plasma, consisting of the loss-cone type distribution of hot electrons and much denser and colder background plasma, this instability generates the upper-hybrid waves, which are then transformed into the electromagnetic waves and observed as radio zebras.
Aims. In the present paper we numerically study the double plasma resonance instability from the point of view of the zebra interpretation.
Methods. We use a 3-dimensional electromagnetic particle-in-cell (3D PIC) relativistic model. We use this model in two versions: (a) a spatially extended “multi-mode” model and (b) a spatially limited “specific-mode” model. While the multi-mode model is used for detailed computations and verifications of the results obtained by the “specific-mode” model, the specific-mode model is used for computations in a broad range of model parameters, which considerably save computational time. For an analysis of the computational results, we developed software tools in Python.
Results. First using the multi-mode model, we study details of the double plasma resonance instability. We show how the distribution function of hot electrons changes during this instability. Then we show that there is a very good agreement between results obtained by the multi-mode and specific-mode models, which is caused by a dominance of the wave with the maximal growth rate. Therefore, for computations in a broad range of model parameters, we use the specific-mode model. We compute the maximal growth rates of the double plasma resonance instability with a dependence on the ratio between the upper-hybrid ωUH and electron-cyclotron ωce frequency. We vary temperatures of both the hot and background plasma components and study their effects on the resulting growth rates. The results are compared with the analytical ones. We find a very good agreement between numerical and analytical growth rates. We also compute saturation energies of the upper-hybrid waves in a very broad range of parameters. We find that the saturation energies of the upper-hybrid waves show maxima and minima at almost the same values of ωUH∕ωce as the growth rates, but with a higher contrast between them than the growth rate maxima and minima. The contrast between saturation energy maxima and minima increases when the temperature of hot electrons increases. Furthermore, we find that the saturation energy of the upper-hybrid waves is proportional to the density of hot electrons. The maximum saturated energy can be up to one percent of the kinetic energy of hot electrons. Finally we find that the saturation energy maxima in the interval of ωUH∕ωce = 3–18 decrease according to the exponential function. All these findings can be used in the interpretation of solar radio zebras.
Stellar mass spectrum within massive collapsing clumps
Authors: Lee Yueh-Ning , Hennebelle Patrick 
Published: November 2017

Context. Understanding the origin of the initial mass function (IMF) of stars is a major problem for the star formation process and beyond.
Aim. We investigate the dependence of the peak of the IMF on the physics of the so-called first Larson core, which corresponds to the point where the dust becomes opaque to its own radiation.
Methods. We performed numerical simulations of collapsing clouds of 1000 M⊙ for various gas equations of state (eos), paying great attention to the numerical resolution and convergence. The initial conditions of these numerical experiments are varied in the companion paper. We also develop analytical models that we compare to our numerical results.
Results. When an isothermal eos is used, we show that the peak of the IMF shifts to lower masses with improved numerical resolution. When an adiabatic eos is employed, numerical convergence is obtained. The peak position varies with the eos, and using an analytical model to infer the mass of the first Larson core, we find that the peak position is about ten times its value. By analyzing the stability of nonlinear density fluctuations in the vicinity of a point mass and then summing over a reasonable density distribution, we find that tidal forces exert a strong stabilizing effect and likely lead to a preferential mass several times higher than that of the first Larson core.
Conclusions. We propose that in a sufficiently massive and cold cloud, the peak of the IMF is determined by the thermodynamics of the high-density adiabatic gas as well as the stabilizing influence of tidal forces. The resulting characteristic mass is about ten times the mass of the first Larson core, which altogether leads to a few tenths of solar masses. Since these processes are not related to the large-scale physical conditions and to the environment, our results suggest a possible explanation for the apparent universality of the peak of the IMF.
Palaeoenvironmental control on primary fluids characteristics of lacustrine source rocks in the Autun Permian Basin (France)
Authors: Garel Sylvain , Behar Françoise , Schnyder Johann , Baudin François 
Published: November 2017

The Autunian (Late Gzhelian-Sakmarian, ∼295 Ma) of the Autun Basin (Saône-et-Loire, France) is well known for its lacustrine oil-shales and boghead that were exploited during the 19th and 20th centuries. A study of the kerogen geochemistry, palynofacies, hydrocarbon (HC) distribution of pyrolysates and kinetics on these organic-rich sediments gave indications on the control of lacustrine primary fluid characteristics by palaeoenvironmental settings. Palynofacies results have shown a Botryococcus algae dominance in the boghead, whereas the oil-shales were dominated either by a mixing of terrestrial particles and lacustrine phytoplanktonic/bacterial organic matter (OM), or by a lacustrine OM that suffered biodegradation within the water column. During the Autunian, an increasing trend of degraded lacustrine OM concentration is observed in the successive oil-shales. Geochemical and kinetics analyses showed that, except for the boghead, hydrogen index values were < 700 mg/g TOC and activation energies diagram showed multi-energetic profiles, unexpected for such a lacustrine OM. Along with pyrolysates primary fluids ones, these results unraveled two groups of oil-shale samples. On the one hand, samples dominated by well-preserved lacustrine and terrestrial OM produced primary fluids dominated by n-alkanes with (n-C6-n-C14) /n-C14+ n-alkanes ratio depending on the proportion of terrestrial OM. They were only encountered in the three oldest oil-shales. On the other hand, the HC profile of fluids originating from samples dominated by degraded lacustrine OM, which was obtained for the first time in this study, show low n-alkanes concentrations and a relatively prominent hump. These samples were only present in the three youngest oil-shale levels. Finally, the boghead showed a link between strong concentration of the Pila genus of Botryococcus algae and a primary fluid dominated by n-C6-n-C14 n-alkanes.
By comparing these data with published palaeoenvironmental studies, it appears that the kind of dominant OM, and thus the HC distribution of primary fluids, is controlled by the lake level: a lower depth preventing the settlement of anoxic conditions in the bottom waters, and the subsequent good preservation of the OM. During the Autunian, the lake level decreased, consequence of a reduced tectonic activity and of the beginning of a dryer period. Finally, these changes will have caused a strong decrease of the nutrient influx to the lake, favoring the bloom of Botryococcus algae that accumulated to form the boghead.
SNARE priming is essential for maturation of autophagosomes but not for their formation
Authors: Abada Adi , Levin-Zaidman Smadar , Porat Ziv , Dadosh Tali , Elazar Zvulun 
Published: November 2017

Significance
The contribution of SNARE-mediated membrane fusion to the different stages along the autophagic process is not well understood. In this work we demonstrate that inhibition of SNARE priming leads to impairment of the autophagic flux manifested by the accumulation of mature autophagosomes that do not fuse with the lysosomes. Our results suggest that SNARE priming is essential for the fusion of the autophagosome with the lysosome but not for autophagosome formation.
Correlating cell shape and cellular stress in motile confluent tissues
Authors: Yang Xingbo , Bi Dapeng , Czajkowski Michael , Merkel Matthias , Manning M. Lisa , Marchetti M. Cristina 
Published: November 2017

Significance
Using a self-propelled Voronoi model of epithelia known to predict a liquid–solid transition, we examine the interplay between cell motility and cell shape, tuned by cortex contractility and cell–cell adhesion, in controlling the mechanical properties of tissue. Our work provides a unifying framework for existing, seemingly distinct notions of stress in tissues and relates stresses to material properties. In particular, we show that the temporal correlation function of shear stresses can be used to define an effective tissue viscosity that diverges at the liquid–solid transition. This finding suggests a unique way of analyzing traction force microscopy data that may provide information on tissue rheology.
Imaging and quantifying ganglion cells and other transparent neurons in the living human retina
Authors: Liu Zhuolin , Kurokawa Kazuhiro , Zhang Furu , Lee John J. , Miller Donald T. 
Published: November 2017

Significance
Ganglion cells are the primary building block of retinal neural circuitry, but have been elusive to observe and quantify in the living human eye. Here, we show a light microscopy modality that reveals not only the somas of these cells, but also their 3D packing geometry, primary subtypes, and spatial projection to other neurons. The method provides a glimpse of the rich tapestry of neurons, glia, and blood vessels that compose the retina, thus exposing the anatomical substrate for neural processing of visual information. Clinically, high-resolution images of retinal neurons in living eyes hold promise for improved diagnosis and assessing treatment of ganglion cell and other neuron loss in retinal disease.
T cell receptor sequencing of early-stage breast cancer tumors identifies altered clonal structure of the T cell repertoire
Authors: Beausang John F. , Wheeler Amanda J. , Chan Natalie H. , Hanft Violet R. , Dirbas Frederick M. , Jeffrey Stefanie S. , Quake Stephen R. 
Published: November 2017

Significance
The recent advances in cancer immunotherapy motivated us to investigate the clonal structure of the T cell receptor repertoire in breast tumors, normal breast, and blood in the same individuals. We found quantitatively distinct clonal structures in all three tissues, which enabled us to predict whether tissue is normal or tumor solely by comparing the repertoire of the tissue with blood. T cell receptor sequences shared between patients’ tumors are rare and, in general, do not appear to be specific to the cancer.
Characterisation of structural properties for AlSi10Mg alloys fabricated by selective laser melting
Authors: Wang Lianfeng , Jiang Xiaohui , Guo Miaoxian , Zhu Xiaogang , Yan Biao 
Published: November 2017

Selective laser melting (SLM) is a form of additive manufacturing technology that makes it possible to create complex parts directly from metal powders. This technology offers a good balance between investment costs, range of materials and part quality. In the work, in order to investigate the structural properties of SLM AlSi10Mg alloys, the microstructure, structural performance and tensile fracture morphology of the alloys are analysed. The sample study results indicate good prospects, and the application of SLM in terms of aeronautics is studied to verify the structural properties. The ambient vibration test results show that SLM AlSi10Mg alloys could have a better performance in structural analysis and vibration test than the conventional manufacturing part and the reasons are analysed. This paper is part of a thematic issue on Light Alloys.
Final report of the supplementary comparison EURAMET.EM-S31 comparison of capacitance and capacitance ratio
Authors: Schurr J , Fletcher N , Gournay P , Thévenot O , Overney F , Johnson L , Xie R , Dierikx E 
Published: November 2017

Within the framework of the supplementary comparison EURAMET.EM-S31, 'Comparison of capacitance and capacitance ratio', five participants (the BIPM, METAS, LNE, PTB, and VSL) inter-compared their capacitance realisations traced to the quantum Hall resistance measured at either ac or dc. The measurands were the capacitance values of three 10 pF standards and one 100 pF standard, and optionally their voltage and frequency dependences. Because the results were not fully satisfying, the circulation was repeated, augmented by a link to the NMIA calculable capacitor. Also two ac-dc resistors were circulated and their frequency dependences were measured in terms of the ac-dc resistance standards involved in the particular capacitance realisations, to allow inter-comparison of these resistance standards. At the end and in any case, a good agreement is achieved within the expanded uncertainties at coverage factor k = 2. Furthermore, the comparison led to new insight regarding the stability and travelling behaviour of the capacitance standards and, by virtue of the link to the NMIA calculable capacitor, to a determination of the von Klitzing constant in agreement with the 2014 CODATA value.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Effects of word-of-mouth on the behavior of Austrian blood donors: a case study of the Red Cross Blood Donation Service
Authors: Martin Sebastian , Greiling Dorothea , Leibetseder Nina 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThe procurement of blood is an essential challenge of today’s health care. Current studies emphasize the influence of word-of-mouth (WOM) on health care behavior, including blood donation. Still, there exists no study which systematically investigates how WOM affects the behavior of blood donors. Therefore, this paper aims to contribute to this lack of research by focusing on Austrian blood donors as possible receivers and senders of WOM. A survey was distributed to 300 donors of the Austrian Red Cross with a return of 245 surveys. The results highlight the strong influence of WOM on the awareness of the blood service and the willingness to donate blood. Further, structured and organized procedures, friendly employees and respectful interaction were found to be important factors determining willingness to recommend blood donation. Family members as well as friends are the preferred WOM-receivers and the personal face-to-face contact is the favored channel of communication. The results also show that WOM-behavior is strongly influenced by factors such as age, gender and donation frequency. By helping blood bank managers to better understand how WOM affects donation intention and behavior, this study provides a new approach to attract blood donors.
Overview of antifungal dosing in invasive candidiasis
Authors: Pea Federico , Lewis Russell E 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn the past, most antifungal therapy dosing recommendations for invasive candidiasis followed a ‘one-size fits all’ approach with recommendations for lowering maintenance dosages for some antifungals in the setting of renal or hepatic impairment. A growing body of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic research, however now points to a widespread ‘silent epidemic’ of antifungal underdosing for invasive candidiasis, especially among critically ill patients or special populations who have altered volume of distribution, protein binding and drug clearance. In this review, we explore how current adult dosing recommendations for antifungal therapy in invasive candidiasis have evolved, and special populations where new approaches to dose optimization or therapeutic drug monitoring may be needed, especially in light of increasing antifungal resistance among Candida spp.
Cytokeratin Profile of Basal Cell Carcinomas According to the Degree of Sun Exposure and to the Anatomical Localization
Authors: García-de-la-Fuente Mª Reyes , Santacana Maria , Valls Joan , Vilardell Felip , Fernández Armenteros José Manuel , Pujol Ramon , Gari Eloi , Casanova Josep Manel 
Published: November 2017

Abstract:
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) seems to originate from ultraviolet light-induced mutations involving the bulge or the outer sheath of the hair follicle cells. However, the etiopathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of these tumors in nonphotoexposed and in hairless areas remain unclear. The cytokeratin (CK) profile (including CK5/6, CK7, CK14, CK15, CK17, and CK19) from a series of different BCC subtypes developing in sun-exposed and non–sun-exposed areas, including hairless regions, was evaluated. The authors have observed that CK7 expression in BCC is associated with the anatomical localization of the tumor and its sun-exposition, but not with other factors such as histological subtype. The expression of this CK is higher in BCCs located in non–sun-exposed and nonhairy areas, such as the vulvar semimucosa and the nipple. Because CK7 is a marker of simple glandular epithelia, the authors suggest a glandular origin for BCCs located in hairless and nonphotoexposed areas.
Practice Patterns and Job Satisfaction of Mohs Surgeons
Authors: Kohli Nita , Golda Nicholas 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND
There is a paucity of data on Mohs surgery workforce patterns.

OBJECTIVE
To identify if gender differences exist in practice patterns of Mohs surgeons, factors that influence these differences, and factors influencing job satisfaction among Mohs surgeons.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic survey was distributed to dermatology organizations targeting members of the American College of Mohs Surgery (ACMS), from October 2015 to April 2016.

RESULTS
Two hundred twenty-seven ACMS members responded; 37% were women. Twenty-five percent of women and 19% of men work part time. Thirty-seven percent of women practice in academia versus 22% of men. Forty-three percent of women and 23% of men identified children as a factor affecting their ability to work full time. Gender comparisons for current job satisfaction show 57% of women and 35% of women being very satisfied. Supervision/feedback/recognition adds to satisfaction at a higher rate for women (53%) than for men (29%). For both genders combined, work content, patient base, and autonomy had the highest average job satisfaction ratings.

CONCLUSION
Gender differences exist in practice patterns and job satisfaction of Mohs surgeons. This study demonstrates factors that could influence job satisfaction among female Mohs surgeons—knowledge that is important to individuals who lead, mentor, or supervise female Mohs surgeons.
A Retrospective Assessment of Postoperative Bleeding Complications in Anticoagulated Patients Following Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Authors: Eilers Robert E. , Goldenberg Alina , Cowan Natasha L. , Basu Pallavi , Brian Jiang Shang I. 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND
A significant number of patients undergoing Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for skin cancer are treated with oral anticoagulants. The incidence of postoperative complications associated with new classes of oral anticoagulants remains largely unknown.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence of postoperative complications in patients undergoing MMS on both traditional oral anticoagulants and new novel oral anticoagulants.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A single-center retrospective chart review was performed for all patients treated with oral anticoagulants who underwent MMS between July 1, 2012 and June 30, 2015 at University of California, San Diego.

RESULTS
The data from this study demonstrated that patients treated with a novel oral anticoagulant at the time of MMS had a statistically significant greater risk for developing postoperative hemorrhagic complications compared to patients treated with traditional oral anticoagulants.

CONCLUSION
Dermatologic surgeons should manage both traditional oral anticoagulants and novel oral anticoagulants in a similar manner. Future studies are warranted.