bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of ultrasound shear‐wave elastography to evaluate change in cervical stiffness during pregnancy
Authors: Ono Tetsuo , Katsura Daisuke , Yamada Kazutaka , Hayashi Kaori , Ishiko Akiko , Tsuji Shunichiro , Kimura Fuminori , Takahashi Kentaro , Murakami Takashi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of shear‐wave elastography (SWE) for measuring change in cervical stiffness during pregnancy, with regions of interest (ROI) designed for easy identification.MethodsA total of 280 women were enrolled in this study. SWE was performed at a routine prenatal visit. A measurement area was chosen at the anterior part of the cervix, and a circular ROI 5 mm in diameter was set at two points, 5–10 mm (lower point) and 15–20 mm (upper point) from the external cervical os. The generalized estimating equation was used to estimate the correlation between stiffness and gestational age, using generalized linear models.ResultsThere were significant negative correlations between stiffness and gestational age. The estimated regression equations of the lower and upper points were Y = −0.049X + 3.675 (P < 0.05) and Y = −0.060X + 4.170 (P < 0.05), respectively. The stiffness at the upper point behaved statistically significantly differently to that at the lower point. Softening of the cervix at the upper point was significantly different between single pregnancies and twin pregnancies (P < 0.05), but no marked difference was noted between primiparous and multiparous women.ConclusionCervical elastography using SWE was useful for measuring change in cervical stiffness during pregnancy, and the upper area of the cervix may be a more relevant assessment point for cervical softening than the lower area.
Effect of lidocaine spray during colposcopy‐directed cervical biopsy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wongluecha Tanyalak , Tantipalakorn Charuwan , Charoenkwan Kittipat , Srisomboon Jatupol 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimWe aimed to examine the effect of lidocaine spray in reducing pain during colposcopy‐directed cervical biopsy (CDB).MethodsTwo hundred women with abnormal cervical screening test results and abnormal colposcopic findings that required a CDB during April to December 2015 were enrolled. The participants were randomly assigned into one of two groups. For group 1 (lidocaine group), 10% lidocaine spray was applied thoroughly to the ectocervix. For group 2, no anesthesia was given. The primary outcome of this study was the biopsy pain score.ResultsOf the 200 women enrolled, 100 were randomly assigned to group 1 and 100 were in group 2. The baseline, biopsy, and postprocedure pain scores were comparable between the study groups. The mean difference between the biopsy and the baseline pain scores and the mean difference of the postprocedure pain scores from baseline were statistically significantly higher in the no‐anesthesia group (group 2), P = 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively. However, the degree of pain was minimal in both groups. There were no complications observed in any participants.ConclusionLidocaine spray reduces pain during colposcopy‐directed cervical biopsy; however, the clinically meaningful effect of such a procedure cannot be demonstrated in this study.
Bile acid levels and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Cui Donghua , Zhong Yongxing , Zhang Lin , Du Hechun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimWe aimed to determine the association between maternal total bile acid (TBA) levels and the risks of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) based on a meta‐analysis study.MethodsWe searched PubMed for articles published from 2000 to 2015 with a focus on ICP and restriction to the English language. The main perinatal outcomes were preterm birth (PTB), meconium‐stained amniotic fluid (MSAF), asphyxia, or respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was the summary statistic. We used a random‐ or fixed‐effects model to calculate the pooled RR according to the heterogeneity test. Subgroup analyses were performed by region and study design.ResultsNine eligible related citations fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Compared with pregnant women with a serum TBA < 40 μmol/L, severe ICP (TBA ≥ 40 μmol/L) was associated with a significantly increased risk of adverse fetal outcomes (pooled RR, 1.96; 95%CI, 1.63–2.35), PTB (pooled RR, 2.23; 95%CI, 1.51–3.29), MSAF (pooled RR, 2.27; 95%CI, 1.81–2.85), and asphyxia or RDS (pooled RR, 1.67; 95%CI, 1.18–2.36). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the study design difference may be a major source of heterogeneity. No publication bias was demonstrated by Begg's test (P > 0.05).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis indicates that maternal elevated bile acid levels are significantly associated with increased risks of overall adverse perinatal outcomes, PTB, MSAF, and asphyxia or RDS. Serum TBA levels seem to be a useful predictor for the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes.
Chronic histiocytic intervillositis in three consecutive pregnancies in a single patient: Differing clinical results and pathology according to treatment used
Authors: Ozawa Nobuaki , Yamaguchi Koushi , Shibata Megumi , Sugibayashi Rika , Yagi Hiroya , Sago Haruhiko , Matsuoka Kentaro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractChronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI) is an extremely rare pathological condition but is strongly associated with severe obstetric complications and has a high recurrence rate. The management of this condition has not yet been established. We describe herein the occurrence of CHI in the late second–third trimester in each of three consecutive pregnancies in a single patient with four previous consecutive early miscarriages. In this patient, each of the three complicated pregnancies was managed with one of the following, respectively: low‐dose aspirin; heparin plus low‐dose aspirin; and prednisolone plus low‐dose aspirin. CHI was histologically confirmed in all three pregnancies, but the clinical results and pathology (e.g. extent of histiocytic infiltration) in each pregnancy clearly differed with treatment. Both combination treatments eventuated in a live birth. Immunosuppressive therapy seemed to produce better clinical results by restricting the extent of the affected areas. The elevated alkaline phosphatase associated with the CHI was assumed to have no clinical prognostic value.
The Association of School Climate, Depression Literacy, and Mental Health Stigma Among High School Students
Authors: Townsend Lisa , Musci Rashelle , Stuart Elizabeth , Ruble Anne , Beaudry Mary B. , Schweizer Barbara , Owen Megan , Goode Carly , Johnson Sarah L. , Bradshaw Catherine , Wilcox Holly , Swartz Karen 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAlthough school climate is linked with youth educational, socioemotional, behavioral, and health outcomes, there has been limited research on the association between school climate and mental health education efforts. We explored whether school climate was associated with students' depression literacy and mental health stigma beliefs.METHODSData were combined from 2 studies: the Maryland Safe Supportive Schools Project and a randomized controlled trial of the Adolescent Depression Awareness Program. Five high schools participated in both studies, allowing examination of depression literacy and stigma measures from 500 9th and 10th graders. Multilevel models examined the relationship between school‐level school climate characteristics and student‐level depression literacy and mental health stigma scores.RESULTSOverall school climate was positively associated with depression literacy (odds ratio [OR] = 2.78, p < .001) and negatively associated with stigma (Est. = −3.822, p = .001). Subscales of engagement (OR = 5.30, p < .001) and environment were positively associated with depression literacy (OR = 2.01, p < .001) and negatively associated with stigma (Est. = −6.610, p < .001), (Est. = −2.742, p < .001).CONCLUSIONSPositive school climate was associated with greater odds of depression literacy and endorsement of fewer stigmatizing beliefs among students. Our findings raise awareness regarding aspects of the school environment that may facilitate or inhibit students' recognition of depression and subsequent treatment‐seeking.
Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Self‐Management Experiences in School
Authors: Sparapani Valéria de Cássia , Liberatore Raphael D.R. , Damião Elaine B.C. , de Oliveira Dantas Isa R. , de Camargo Rosangela A.A. , Nascimento Lucila C. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDChildren with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) need to perform self‐management activities at school and in other environments. Learning about their experiences at school is crucial to assist them in this challenging task.METHODSQualitative interviews were conducted with children with T1DM, aged between 7 and 12. A scenario was created and puppets were used during the interviews to help the participating children to communicate about school, daily routines, and experiences in diabetes management. Data were collected over a period of 1 year and analyzed according to content analysis procedures.RESULTSNineteen children, 13 boys and 6 girls, at the mean age of 9.8 ± 1.8 years and mean time since diagnosis of 3.3 years, participated in the study. Three themes were identified: lack of information on T1DM, diabetes self‐care at school, and support received by the children.CONCLUSIONSThe study provides useful information to understand the children's experiences in managing the disease at school. The partnership between school staff, health teams, children with T1DM, and their families need to be enhanced to promote appropriate strategies that improve the management of diabetes in this setting.
Academic Performance in Primary School Children With Common Emotional and Behavioral Problems
Authors: Mundy Lisa K. , Canterford Louise , Tucker Dawn , Bayer Jordana , Romaniuk Helena , Sawyer Susan , Lietz Petra , Redmond Gerry , Proimos Jenny , Allen Nicholas , Patton George 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDMany emotional and behavioral problems first emerge in primary school and are the forerunners of mental health problems occurring in adolescence. However, the extent that these problems may be associated with academic failure has been explored less. We aimed to quantify the association between emotional and behavioral problems with academic performance.METHODSA stratified random sample of 8‐ to 9‐year‐olds (N = 1239) were recruited from schools in Australia. Data linkage was performed with a national assessment of academic performance to assess reading and numeracy. Parent report assessed emotional and behavioral problems with students dichotomized into “borderline/abnormal” and “normal” categories.RESULTSOne in 5 grade 3 students fell in the “borderline/abnormal” category. Boys with total difficulties (β = ‐47.8, 95% CI: ‐62.8 to ‐32.8), conduct problems, and peer problems scored lower on reading. Numeracy scores were lower in boys with total difficulties (β = ‐37.7, 95% CI: ‐53.9 to ‐21.5) and emotional symptoms. Children with hyperactivity/inattention scored lower in numeracy. Girls with peer problems scored lower in numeracy.CONCLUSIONSBoys with emotional and behavioral problems in mid‐primary school were 12 months behind their peers. Children with emotional and behavioral problems are at high risk for academic failure, and this risk is evident in mid‐primary school.
Water use segregation among plants with contrasting root depth and distribution along gypsum hills
Authors: Palacio Sara , Montserrat‐Martí Gabriel , Ferrio Juan Pedro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimsPlant communities growing along gypsum hills in NE Spain show a distinct zonation that may depend on water table depth, salt and nutrient availability gradients between hilltops and saline depressions. We analysed the main sources of water used by woody species in these communities. Specifically, we assessed whether hydrological niche segregation occurred among dominant woody species with different root depth and plant location along gypsum hills during spring and summer.LocationMiocene gypsum formations of NE Spain, Middle‐Ebro depression.MethodsWe analysed the oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition of the xylem water of ten dominant woody species growing along gypsum hills and compared it to water extracted from the top 20 cm of the soil, gypsum crystallization water and groundwater, both in spring and summer. Bayesian isotope mixing models were used to estimate the proportion of each water source used by different species.ResultsThere was a clear segregation in the sources of water used by dominant woody species from plant communities co‐existing on gypsum hills, and such segregation responded to their rooting depth and position along the hill. Shallow‐rooted plants growing out of saline depressions exploited superficial free soil water and gypsum crystallization water, and had limited access to groundwater, particularly during summer. In contrast, deep‐rooted plants and shallow‐rooted plants from saline depressions thrived preferentially on the water table. Such differences were noticeable in spring, but became sharper during summer.ConclusionsWoody species from gypsum hills have different hydrological niches. Niche segregation is mainly related to the depth of the root system of plants and to their position along gypsum hills, which determine proximity to the water table. It is accentuated during summer, highlighting the role of summer drought as a structuring factor in gypsum plant communities. The segregation of the water sources used by plants is related to a suite of phenological, functional and anatomical features, indicating adaptation of plant species to their respective hydrological niches.
The bias of a two‐dimensional view: comparing two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional mesophyll surface area estimates using noninvasive imaging
Authors: Théroux‐Rancourt Guillaume , Earles J. Mason , Gilbert Matthew E. , Zwieniecki Maciej A. , Boyce C. Kevin , McElrone Andrew J. , Brodersen Craig R. 
Published: July 2017

Summary

The mesophyll surface area exposed to intercellular air space per leaf area (Sm) is closely associated with CO2 diffusion and photosynthetic rates. Sm is typically estimated from two‐dimensional (2D) leaf sections and corrected for the three‐dimensional (3D) geometry of mesophyll cells, leading to potential differences between the estimated and actual cell surface area.

Here, we examined how 2D methods used for estimating Sm compare with 3D values obtained from high‐resolution X‐ray microcomputed tomography (microCT) for 23 plant species, with broad phylogenetic and anatomical coverage.

Relative to 3D, uncorrected 2D Sm estimates were, on average, 15–30% lower. Two of the four 2D Sm methods typically fell within 10% of 3D values. For most species, only a few 2D slices were needed to accurately estimate Sm within 10% of the whole leaf sample median. However, leaves with reticulate vein networks required more sections because of a more heterogeneous vein coverage across slices.

These results provide the first comparison of the accuracy of 2D methods in estimating the complex 3D geometry of internal leaf surfaces. Because microCT is not readily available, we provide guidance for using standard light microscopy techniques, as well as recommending standardization of reporting Sm values.
Injectable loop recorder implantation in an ambulatory setting by advanced practice providers: Analysis of outcomes
Authors: Kipp Ryan , Young Natasha , Barnett Anne , Kopp Douglas , Leal Miguel A. , Eckhardt Lee L. , Teelin Thomas , Hoffmayer Kurt S. , Wright Jennifer , Field Michael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntroductionImplantable loop recorder (ILR) insertion has historically been performed in a surgical environment such as the electrophysiology (EP) lab. The newest generation loop recorder (Medtronic Reveal LINQ™, Minneapolis, MN, USA) is injectable with potential for implantation in a non‐EP lab setting by advanced practice providers (APPs) facilitating improved workflow and resource utilization. We report the safety and efficacy of injectable ILR placement in the ambulatory care setting by APPs.MethodsA retrospective review was performed including all patients referred for injectable ILR placement from March 2014 to November 2015. All device placement procedures were performed in an ambulatory care setting using the standard manufacturer deployment kit with sterile technique and local anesthetic following a single dose of intravenous antibiotics. Acute procedural success and complication rates following injectable ILR placement in the ambulatory setting were reviewed.ResultsDuring the study period, 125 injectable ILRs were implanted. Acute procedural success with adequate sensing (R‐waves ≥ 0.2 mV) occurred in 100% of patients. There were no acute procedural complications. Subacute complications occurred in two patients (1.6% of implantations), including one possible infection treated with oral antibiotics and one device removal due to pain at the implant site.ConclusionIn this retrospective single‐center study, implantation of injectable ILR in an ambulatory care setting by APPs following a single dose of intravenous antibiotics and standard manufacturer technique yielded a low complication rate with high acute procedural success. Use of this implantation strategy may improve EP lab workflow while providing a safe and effective technique for device placement.
Efficacy and safety of tiotropium in school‐age children with moderate‐to‐severe symptomatic asthma: A systematic review
Authors: Rodrigo Gustavo J. , Neffen Hugo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundRecently published data support the benefits and safety of the once‐daily (OD) long‐acting anticholinergic tiotropium bromide bronchodilator for the treatment of uncontrolled moderate‐to‐severe asthma in adults and adolescents. However, its role for the treatment of school‐age asthmatics has not yet been clearly defined. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy and safety of tiotropium Respimat® in children aged 6‐11 years with moderate‐to‐severe symptomatic asthma.MethodsRandomized, placebo‐controlled trials were included. Primary outcomes were peak forced expiratory volume in 1 s measured within 3 h post‐dosing) [FEV1 (0‐3 h)] and trough FEV1 measured at the end of the dosing interval.ResultsThree studies (more than 900 patients) were selected. Tiotropium was associated with significant improvements in FEV1 peak (mean change from baseline) by 102 mL (P<.0001) and trough by 82 mL (P<.0001) compared with placebo. Tiotropium 5 μg dose presented a trend (statistically non‐significant) toward a greater bronchodilation in comparison with 2.5 μg dose. Tiotropium significantly increased the rate of the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ‐7) responders compared with placebo (82.2% vs 75.4%, number needed to treat for benefit [NNTB]=15) and significantly decreased the number of patients with at least one exacerbation in comparison with placebo (29.1% vs. 39.8%, with a NNTB of 10). There were no significant differences in rescue medication use, withdrawals, and adverse events.ConclusionsOD tiotropium Respimat® is efficacious and well tolerated as an add‐on to inhaled corticosteroids plus one or more controller medications in school‐age symptomatic asthmatics.
Serum testosterone, sperm quality, cytological, physicochemical and biochemical characteristics of the prostatic fraction of dogs with prostatomegaly
Authors: Aquino‐Cortez A , Pinheiro BQ , Silva HVR , Lima DBC , Silva TFP , Souza MB , Viana DA , Xavier Júnior FAF , Evangelista JSAM , Brandão FZ , Silva LDM 
Published: July 2017

ContentsProstatomegaly is a common finding in older non‐neutered dogs. This study compared the serum testosterone, sperm quality and characteristics of the prostatic fraction between healthy dogs and dogs with prostatomegaly. Blood samples of ten dogs (five dogs from each group) were taken for serum testosterone measurement. Sperm motility, vigour, concentration, viability, membrane functionality and morphology were analysed in sperm‐rich fraction. Osmolality, pH, cell types, and albumin, haemoglobin, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and chloride were analysed in prostatic fraction. Dogs with prostatomegaly have the lowest sperm motility, vigour, concentration and functional membrane. Dogs with prostatomegaly have the highest glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. Glucose was the only constituent positively correlated with serum testosterone and prostate volume. It can be concluded that dogs with prostatomegaly have poorer sperm quality, and glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol in prostatic fraction can be used as prostatomegaly biomarkers.
Phenotyping of lumbosacral stenosis in Labrador retrievers using computed tomography
Authors: Mukherjee Meenakshi , Jones Jeryl C. , Holásková Ida , Raylman Raymond , Meade Jean 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDeep phenotyping tools for characterizing preclinical morphological conditions are important for supporting genetic research studies. Objectives of this retrospective, cross‐sectional, methods comparison study were to describe and compare qualitative and quantitative deep phenotypic characteristics of lumbosacral stenosis in Labrador retrievers using computed tomography (CT). Lumbosacral CT scans and medical records were retrieved from data archives at three veterinary hospitals. Using previously published qualitative CT diagnostic criteria, a board‐certified veterinary radiologist assigned dogs as either lumbosacral stenosis positive or lumbosacral stenosis negative at six vertebral locations. A second observer independently measured vertebral canal area, vertebral fat area, and vertebral body area; and calculated ratios of vertebral canal area/vertebral body area and vertebral fat area/vertebral body area (fat area ratio) at all six locations. Twenty‐five dogs were sampled (lumbosacral stenosis negative, 11 dogs; lumbosacral stenosis positive, 14 dogs). Of the six locations, cranial L6 was the most affected by lumbosacral stenosis (33%). Five of six dogs (83%) with clinical signs of lumbosacral pain were lumbosacral stenosis positive at two or more levels. All four quantitative variables were significantly smaller at the cranial aspects of the L6 and L7 vertebral foramina than at the caudal aspects (P< 0.0001). Fat area ratio was a significant predictor of lumbosacral stenosis positive status at all six locations with cranial L6 having the greatest predictive value (R2= 0.43) and range of predictive probability (25–90%). Findings from the current study supported the use of CT as a deep phenotyping tool for future research studies of lumbosacral stenosis in Labrador retrievers.