bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong spatial‐genetic congruence between a wood‐feeding cockroach and its bacterial endosymbiont, across a topographically complex landscape
Authors: Garrick Ryan C. , Sabree Zakee L. , Jahnes Benjamin C. , Oliver Jeffrey C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimWe analysed data from an insect host (Cryptocercus punctulatus) and its maternally‐inherited obligate bacterial endosymbiont (Blattabacterium cuenotistr. punctulatus) to address the following: (1) to what extent do these species exhibit cophylogenetic structure, (2) do the spatial‐genetic structures of these species differ, and (3) what is the relative importance of codivergence versus other events in explaining congruence, or instances of incongruence, between their molecular phylogenies?LocationThe southern Appalachian Mountains,USA.MethodsWe conducted fine‐scale population‐level sampling and screening ofDNAsequence variation in two mitochondrial genes from the host, and four genic or intergenic regions from the endosymbiont. Inferences were made using analyses that have the potential to identify isolated instances of cophylogenetic discord, uncover subtle differences in geographic locations of genetic discontinuities, and disentangle different evolutionary processes that contributed to observed patterns.ResultsThe host and its endosymbiont showed similar phylogenetic and geographic patterns. Cophylogenetic analyses revealed that while topological discord is rare (and restricted within major clades), some instances are potentially non‐negligible. Assessments of spatial‐genetic structure showed that most abrupt breaks occur in the same locations, but they differ in strength, again underscoring some subtle discordance. The main process generating observed patterns was inferred to be codivergence due to host‐tracking; however, incomplete lineage sorting seems likely to have also played a minor role.Main conclusionsOur overarching finding of strong congruence is reflected by broader‐scale cophylogenetic studies of relatedCryptocercusandBlattabacteriumtaxa. Accordingly, we suggest that members of this symbiosis may provide an excellent opportunity for investigating geographic scaling of processes that affect biogeographic patterns. However, fine‐scale sampling coupled with geospatial analyses detected rare and/or minor discordances that appeared to be localized within the most deeply dissected topographic regions of the southern Appalachian Mountains, and these warrant further exploration.
Evaluation of drug‐related problems in older polypharmacy primary care patients
Authors: Kovačević Sandra Vezmar , Miljković Branislava , Ćulafić Milica , Kovačević Milena , Golubović Bojana , Jovanović Marija , Vučićević Katarina , de Gier Johan J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTargeting older patients with predictive factors for drug‐related problems (DRPs) could make clinical medication reviews more cost‐effective. The aim of this study was to identify the number, type, and potential predictive factors for DRPs in older polypharmacy patients.MethodsCommunity pharmacists performed clinical medication reviews and documented DRPs, types of interventions, and their implementation in older patients.ResultsThree hundred eighty‐eight medication reviews were analyzed, 964 DRPs (average 2.5 ± 1.9), and 1022 interventions (average 2.6 ± 2.0) were identified. The overall implementation rate of interventions was 70.1%, the highest was observed in interventions aiming to resolve the lack of therapy monitoring (86.8%). Patients with ≥12 medications had an increased risk of ≥5 DRPs (P < .001). Asthma was associated with lack of adherence (P = .002), lack of aspirin, statins, and proton pump inhibitors use with additional therapy needed (P = .002‐.004). Predictive factors for drug interactions were antihypertensive medications and/or medications with narrow therapeutic index (P < .05). Lack of efficacy was associated with diabetes (P = .006). Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs were risk factors for inappropriate drug selection (P = .002). Lack of monitoring was associated with hypertension (P = .013), whereas benzodiazepines (P < .001) and aspirin (P = .021) were overused.ConclusionPatients with asthma, hypertension, and diabetes and lack of statin, antithrombotic agent, and/or proton pump inhibitor use were associated with higher risks for DRPs.
The Esthetic and Psychologic Benefits of an Intraoperative Provisional Restoration
Authors: Walter Robert D. , Goodacre Charles J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveWhen multiple visible teeth are prepared, the prolonged treatment time may lead to patients needing a break that requires them to leave the operatory. Such a situation allows the patient to view their prepared teeth, a process that can be disconcerting to some patients.Clinical ConsiderationsAn intraoperative provisional restoration can be made by using a thermoplastic vacuum‐formed matrix of the patient's teeth that is filled with white‐colored impression material and then placed over the prepared teeth to form a provisional restoration.ConclusionsThe use of an intraoperative provisional restoration can be effectively used to cover prepared teeth while providing normal tooth morphology and facial appearance after preparation of visible teeth.Clinical SignificanceWhen visible teeth are prepared, an intraoperative provisional restoration can be used to cover the prepared teeth and prevent concerned patients from viewing their prepared teeth. (J Esthet Restor Dent 29:189–192, 2017)
Association between disease activity and quality of life in ulcerative colitis: Results from the CRONICA‐UC study
Authors: Panés Julián , Domènech Eugeni , Aguas Peris Marian , Nos Pilar , Riestra Sabino , Juliá de Páramo Berta , Cea‐Calvo Luis , Romero Cristina , Marín‐Jiménez Ignacio 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground and AimIn ulcerative colitis (UC), the main goals of treatment are to control disease activity and normalize health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). In this study, we explored the relationship between disease activity (measured using the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index [SCCAI]) and patient HRQoL (measured using the EuroQoL [EQ]‐5D‐5L).MethodsA total of 199 patients with UC were followed for 6 months. At months 3 and 6, patients completed an online SCCAI. Within 2 days of completing the SCCAI, patients completed an at‐clinic EQ‐5D‐5L questionnaire and the treating gastroenterologist completed the SCCAI.ResultsA consistent and approximately linear relationship was identified between patient HRQoL and patient‐completed and physician‐completed SCCAIs. A lower SCCAI score corresponded to a higher EQ‐5D‐5L index value. Correlation between EQ‐5D‐5L index values and patient‐completed online SCCAIs was moderate (ρ −0.49; P < 0.001) and similar to that between EQ‐5D‐5L index values and physician‐completed SCCAIs (ρ −0.53; P < 0.001). A decrease in the EQ‐5D‐5L index was already observed at an SCCAI score of 2, commonly regarded as remission. A 1‐point increase in the patient SCCAI corresponded to an average change of −0.027 (standard deviation, −0.032 to −0.022) in the EQ‐5D‐5L index, whereas a 1‐point increase in the physician SCCAI corresponded to an average change of −0.030 (standard deviation, −0.036 to −0.025).ConclusionsHealth‐related quality of life measured using the EQ‐5D‐5L questionnaire is proportionally related to disease activity in patients with UC. In line with the treat‐to‐target objective in UC, complete control of all symptoms is required to achieve optimal improvement in patient HRQoL.
Imaging of Laser Therapy in Epilepsy
Authors: Nagae Lidia M. , Honce Justin M. , Nyberg Eric , Ojemann Steven , Abosch Aviva , Drees Cornelia N. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEMR‐guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is an increasingly popular neuroablative method for the surgical treatment of epilepsy patients. This article intends to demonstrate the utility and pitfalls of imaging in the context of patient care with MRgLITT.MATERIAL AND METHODSA retrospective review of the medical records and imaging database with six illustrative cases selected to demonstrate the use of imaging throughout patient management with MRgLITT in diverse clinical situations and pathologies. A review of the knowledge in the literature was applied to the relevant points discussed.RESULTSImaging findings were described in the setting of laser therapy in nonlesional epilepsy, mesial temporal sclerosis, dual pathology, periventricular nodular heterotopia, and schizencephaly. Discussion of imaging principles, potential pitfalls, as well as its use in the patient work‐up and follow‐up, is shown.CONCLUSIONSMRgLITT is an alternative minimally invasive therapy for refractory epilepsy, which is becoming widely sought for. Imaging plays a crucial role prior to, during, and after the procedure.
Normative data on the diurnal pattern of the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale ratings and its relation to age, sex, work, stress, sleep quality and sickness absence/illness in a large sample of daytime workers
Authors: Åkerstedt Torbjorn , Hallvig David , Kecklund Göran 
Published: March 2017

SummarySelf‐rated sleepiness responds to sleep loss, time of day and work schedules. There is, however, a lack of a normative reference showing the diurnal pattern during a normal working day, compared with a day off, as well as differences depending on stress, sleep quality, sex, age and being sick listed. The present study sought to provide such data for the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Participants were 431 individuals working in medium‐sized public service units. Sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, scale 1–9) was rated at six times a day for a working week and 2 days off (>90.000 ratings). The results show a clear circadian pattern, with high values during the morning (4.5 at 07:00 hours) and evening (6.0 at 22:00 hours), and with low values (3–4) during the 10:00–16:00 hours span. Women had significantly higher (0.5 units) Karolinska Sleepiness Scale values than men, as did younger individuals (0.3 units), those with stress (1.3 units above the low‐stress group) and those with poor sleep quality (1.0 units above those with qood sleep quality). Days off showed reduced sleepiness (0.7 units), while being sick listed was associated with an increased sleepiness (0.8 units). Multiple regression analysis of mean sleepiness during the working week yielded mean daytime stress, mean sleep quality, age, and sex as predictors (not sleep duration). Improved sleep quality accounted for the reduced sleepiness during days off, but reduced stress was a second factor. Similar results were obtained in a longitudinal mixed‐model regression analysis across the 7 days of the week. The percentage of ratings at Karolinska Sleepiness Scale risk levels (8 + 9) was 6.6%, but most of these were obtained at 22:00 hours. It was concluded that sleepiness ratings are strongly associated with time of day, sleep quality, stress, work day/day off, being ill, age, and sex.
Validation of a Multiplexed Gene Signature Assay for Diagnosis of Canine Cancers from Formalin‐Fixed Paraffin‐Embedded Tissues
Authors: Davis B. , Schwartz M. , Duchemin D. , Carl Barrett J. , Post G. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundUse of molecular‐based diagnostics for companion animals is impeded by availability of technology platforms, tissue acquisition requirements, and species‐specific reagents.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo validate a quantitative nuclease protection assay (qNPA) to simultaneously measure RNA expression of multiple genes in archived formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tumors from dogs.AnimalsAll tumor biopsy samples were collected retrospectively from surgical biopsies and in the care of veterinarians.MethodsRetrospective case series. A qNPA 96‐well ArrayPlate was built using 30 canine‐specific genes, 5 housekeeping genes, positive and negative controls with qualified gene‐specific oligonucleotides. Pearson's correlation, coefficient of variation (CV), and multivariate analysis were used to determine analytical performance using 40 FFPE dog tumors. Once validated, 70 FFPE dog tumors were analyzed for differences in gene expression using hierarchical clustering and analysis of variance of log transformed data. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to correlate gene expression and protein expression in a subset of tumors.ResultsThe assay was linear with decreasing sample input (R2 = 0.978), reproducible within and between 96‐well plates (r = 0.988 and 0.95, respectively) and between different laboratories (CV = 0.96). Hierarchical cluster analysis showed grouping of tumors by histogenesis and oncogenes. Significant differences were found between BCl2, E2F transcription factor 1, MDM2, COX‐2, MET proto‐oncogene receptor kinase, and other biologically relevant gene expression in tumor subtypes. Immunohistochemistry confirmed protein expression.Conclusions and Clinical ImplicationsBecause this technology works reliably on FFPE specimens, it can help expedite the broad introduction of multiplexed genomic information for improved diagnostics and discovery of new targets for therapies in veterinary oncology.
Inquiry‐Based Stress Reduction Meditation Technique for Teacher Burnout:A Qualitative Study
Authors: Schnaider‐Levi Lia , Mitnik Inbal , Zafrani Keren , Goldman Zehavit , Lev‐Ari Shahar 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTAn inquiry‐based intervention has been found to have a positive effect on burnout and mental well‐being parameters among teachers. The aim of the current study was to qualitatively evaluate the effect of the inquiry‐based stress reduction (IBSR) meditation technique on the participants. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted before and after the IBSR intervention and were analyzed using the interpretative phenomenological analysis method. Before the intervention, the teachers described emotional overload caused by two main reasons: (1) multiple stressful interactions with students, parents, colleagues, and the educational system, and (2) the ideological load of their profession—trying to fulfill high expectations of performance and the manifesting educational values. Following the intervention, the teachers described a sense of centeredness and a greater ability to accept reality. They reported improvements in setting boundaries, thought flexibility, and self‐awareness. These improvements assisted them in coping with the complex and dynamic nature of their profession. These positive effects suggest that IBSR is an effective technique in reducing teachers' burnout and promoting mental well‐being.
The rice LysM receptor‐like kinase OsCERK1 is required for the perception of short‐chain chitin oligomers in arbuscular mycorrhizal signaling
Authors: Carotenuto Gennaro , Chabaud Mireille , Miyata Kana , Capozzi Martina , Takeda Naoya , Kaku Hanae , Shibuya Naoto , Nakagawa Tomomi , Barker David G. , Genre Andrea 
Published: March 2017

Summary

The rice lysin‐motif (LysM) receptor‐like kinase OsCERK1 is now known to have a dual role in both pathogenic and symbiotic interactions. Following the recent discovery that the Oscerk1 mutant is unable to host arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, we have examined whether OsCERK1 is directly involved in the perception of the short‐chain chitin oligomers (Myc‐COs) identified in AM fungal exudates and shown to activate nuclear calcium (Ca2+) spiking in the rice root epidermis.

An Oscerk1 knockout mutant expressing the cameleon NLS‐YC2.60 was used to monitor nuclear Ca2+ signaling following root treatment with either crude fungal exudates or purified Myc‐COs.

Compared with wild‐type rice, Ca2+ spiking responses to AM fungal elicitation were absent in root atrichoblasts of the Oscerk1 mutant. By contrast, rice lines mutated in OsCEBiP, encoding the LysM receptor‐like protein which associates with OsCERK1 to perceive chitin elicitors of the host immune defense pathway, responded positively to Myc‐COs.

These findings provide direct evidence that the bi‐functional OsCERK1 plays a central role in perceiving short‐chain Myc‐CO signals and activating the downstream conserved symbiotic signal transduction pathway.
Dyslipidemia after pediatric renal transplantation—The impact of immunosuppressive regimens
Authors: Habbig Sandra , Volland Ruth , Krupka Kai , Querfeld Uwe , Dello Strologo Luca , Noyan Aytül , Yalcinkaya Fatos , Topaloglu Rezan , Webb Nicholas J. A. , Kemper Markus J. , Pape Lars , Bald Martin , Kranz Birgitta , Taylan Christina , Höcker Britta , Tönshoff Burkhard , Weber Lutz T. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDyslipidemia contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in pediatric transplant recipients. Data on prevalence and risk factors in pediatric cohorts are, however, scarce. We therefore determined the prevalence of dyslipidemia in 386 pediatric renal transplant recipients enrolled in the CERTAIN registry. Data were obtained before and during the first year after RTx to analyze possible non‐modifiable and modifiable risk factors. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 95% before engraftment and 88% at 1 year post‐transplant. Low estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 year post‐transplant was associated with elevated serum triglyceride levels. The use of TAC and of MPA was associated with significantly lower concentrations of all lipid parameters compared to regimens containing CsA and mTORi. Immunosuppressive regimens consisting of CsA, MPA, and steroids as well as of CsA, mTORi, and steroids were associated with a three‐ and 25‐fold (P<.001) increased risk of having more than one pathologic lipid parameter as compared to the use of TAC, MPA, and steroids. Thus, amelioration of the cardiovascular risk profile after pediatric RTx may be attained by adaption of the immunosuppressive regimen according to the individual risk profile.
Role of prostatic fluid in cooled canine epididymal sperm
Authors: Hori T , Masuda T , Kobayashi M , Kawakami E 
Published: March 2017

ContentsIn this study, sperms collected from the right and left cauda epididymis were grouped into having canine prostatic fluid (PF) sensitization or not diluted with egg yolk Tris–fructose citrate extender, and stored at 4°C. The necessity of canine PF in cooled preservation was determined by elucidating the sperm quality after the storage. As a result, while there was no difference among all groups up to 48 hr of storage, after storage for 96 hr and more, a significantly lower sperm motility was observed in the group without being sensitized to PF than the groups with being sensitized to PF (p < .05, p < .01). Although sperm abnormality increased in all groups with increased storage time, the group without being sensitized to PF showed significantly higher sperm abnormality than did the groups with being sensitized to PF after storage for 24 hr and more (p < .01). From these findings, we concluded that PF was necessary for the cooled preservation of the canine sperm because these sperms were protected from any effects of low temperatures by being sensitized to PF.
Rainfall variability, rainfed agriculture and degree of human marginality in North Guanajuato, Mexico
Authors: Granados Rebeca , Soria Jesus , Cortina Moises 
Published: March 2017

Mexico has a heterogeneous climate due to its geographical location. Half of the Mexican territory is dryland, mostly in the centre and north of the country, within which agriculture is the main activity in the primary production sector. At present, climate variability has a strong impact on Mexican agriculture. This study analysed rainfall variability, its impact on the agricultural productivity in terms of harvested quantity and productivity of 1996‐2014, and in parallel, the role that socioeconomic development plays on the well‐being of the population who live in areas with rainfed agriculture and a semi‐dry climate. The data obtained were analysed with the Statistical Analysis System. A positive correlation was found between rainfall and productivity (r = 0.76 for maize; r = 0.711 for beans). Rainfall variations therefore have a great impact on agricultural productivity, on food security and on the economy. Besides production losses, a parallel consequence is marginalization of the population because producers' income is increasingly reduced due to smaller crop volumes.
The effect of prefreeze rejuvenation on postthaw storage of red blood cells in AS‐3 and SAGM
Authors: Lelkens Charles C.M. , Lagerberg Johan W.M. , de Korte Dirk 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUNDWe investigated whether improving the metabolic status of red blood cell concentrates before freezing could extend the postthaw shelf life beyond 14 days while still meeting the requirements for hemolysis (0.8%) and total adenylate (>82% of original values).STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSAt Day 8 after collection, four leukoreduced red blood cell concentrates in saline‐adenine‐glucose‐mannitol (SAGM) were pooled, mixed, and split (n = 4). Of these concentrates, two were rejuvenated in Rejuvesol. In addition, two leukoreduced red blood cell concentrates in phosphate‐adenine‐glucose‐guanosine‐gluconate‐mannitol (PAGGGM) were pooled, mixed, and split at Day 8 after collection (n = 4). All concentrates were glycerolized, frozen, and stored for at least 2 weeks at −80°C. After thawing and deglycerolization, from each pair, one red blood cell concentrate was resuspended in SAGM, and one was suspended in AS‐3. During postthaw storage at 2 to 6°C for 35 days, all concentrates were sampled weekly and analyzed for hematologic, metabolic, and morphologic parameters.RESULTSBoth Rejuvesol and PAGGGM treatment produced increased adenosine triphosphate and total adenylate and 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate levels compared with untreated red blood cell concentrates. Regardless of prefreeze Rejuvesol or PAGGGM treatment, postthaw hemolysis remained below 0.8% during 7 days in SAGM and during 35 days in AS‐3. At Day 35 of postthaw storage in AS‐3, total adenylate in nonrejuvenated red blood cell concentrates had decreased to 72% of the original values; whereas, in prefreeze Rejuvesol‐treated and PAGGGM‐treated concentrates, adenylate values were still were at 101% and 98%, respectively.CONCLUSIONBased on maximum allowable hemolysis of 0.8% and total adenylate content greater than 82% of the original value, thawed, prefreeze Rejuvesol‐treated or PAGGGM‐treated red blood cell concentrates can be stored for 35 days at 2 to 6ºC in AS‐3.
Magnetic resonance imaging features of leukoaraiosis in elderly dogs
Authors: Scarpante Elena , Cherubini Giunio Bruto , de Stefani Alberta , Taeymans Olivier 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLeukoaraiosis is a descriptive term used to designate bilateral, symmetrical, white matter lesions identified in brains of elderly human patients. These lesions are isointense to normal in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1‐weighted pulse sequences, non‐contrast enhancing, and hyperintense in T2‐weighted and FLAIR pulse sequences. Pathophysiologic mechanisms for leukoaraiosis remain incompletely understood; however, an ischemic origin is currently being favored. Age‐related changes, such as brain atrophy, ventricular enlargement, and well‐demarcated sulci, have also been previously described in dogs over 9 years of age. Objectives of this retrospective case series study were to describe MRI features of leukoaraiosis and brain atrophy in a group of elderly dogs. The Dick White Referrals MRI database between October 2009 and April 2016 was reviewed. Dogs with bilaterally symmetrical periventricular areas of T2 and FLAIR hyperintensity compatible with leukoaraiosis, and older than 9 years, were included. Fourteen dogs met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 18 MRI studies available for review. Median age for sampled dogs was 13 years. Ten dogs had MRI signs of concurrent brain atrophy; one of them had signs of brain atrophy before leukoaraiotic changes could be identified. In those cases where serial MRIs were available, progressive reduction of interthalamic adhesion thickness was observed. The current study introduces leukoaraiosis as a descriptive term for the MRI sign of bilaterally symmetrical, periventricular T2, and FLAIR hyperintensities in brains of elderly dogs. Future studies are needed to determine pathophysiologic mechanisms for this MRI sign.