bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coupled Dynamic–Thermodynamic Forcings during Tropical Cyclogenesis. Part II: Axisymmetric Experiments
Authors: Tang Brian H. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
An ensemble of axisymmetric model experiments with simplified physics is used to evaluate the diagnostic framework presented in Part I. The central piece of the framework is understanding what causes decreases in the ratio of bulk differences of moist entropy over differences of angular momentum between two defined regions, the boundary between the two demarcating the approximate location of the emergence of the radius of maximum wind of the developing meso-beta-scale protovortex. Within a day before tropical cyclogenesis, the moist entropy forcing results in a decrease of this ratio. Net advective fluxes act to export moist entropy from the outer region and import moist entropy into the inner region, resulting in a positive radial gradient in gross moist stability that is maximized around the time of genesis. While surface moist entropy fluxes are needed for genesis to occur, they act synergistically with the net advective fluxes to decrease the ratio before and during genesis. Within a day after tropical cyclogenesis, surface moist entropy fluxes directly amplify the positive difference in moist entropy between the inner and outer regions, and radial fluxes of angular momentum reduce the magnitude of the negative difference in angular momentum between the inner and outer regions. Both of these processes act to reduce the ratio further. The framework highlights differences in processes occurring before, during, and after genesis as the meso-beta-scale protovortex develops and intensifies.
Impact of Low-Dose Ketamine on the Usage of Continuous Opioid Infusion for the Treatment of Pain in Adult Mechanically Ventilated Patients in Surgical Intensive Care Units
Authors: Buchheit Jessica L. , Yeh Daniel Dante , Eikermann Matthias , Lin Hsin 
Published: May 2017

Background: Ketamine at subanesthetic doses has been shown to provide analgesic effects without causing respiratory depression and may be a viable option in mechanically ventilated patients to assist with extubation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-dose ketamine on opioid consumption in mechanically ventilated adult surgical intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods: A retrospective review of mechanically ventilated adult patients receiving low-dose ketamine continuous infusion (1-5 µcg/kg/min) for adjunctive pain control admitted to surgical ICUs was conducted. Patients were included if they met an ICU safety screen for a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) implying extubation readiness pending SBT results. The primary end point was the slope of change in morphine equivalents (MEs) 12 hours pre- and postketamine infusion. We hypothesized that low-dose ketamine would increase the slope of opioid dose reduction. Results: Forty patients were analyzed. The median dose of ketamine was 5 µg/kg/min (interquartile range [IQR]: 3.5-5) and the treatment duration was 1.89 days (IQR: 0.96-3.06). Prior to ketamine, the majority of patients received volume-controlled or pressure-supported ventilation with a median duration of 2.05 days (IQR: 1.38-3.61). The median time from the initiation of ketamine to extubation was 1.44 days (IQR: 0.58-2.66). For the primary outcome, there was a significant difference in the slope of ME changes from 1 to −0.265 mg/h 12 hours pre- and postketamine initiation ( P < .001). For the secondary outcomes, ketamine was associated with a decrease in vasopressor requirements (phenylephrine equivalent 70 vs 40 mg/h; P = .019). Conclusion: Low-dose continuous infusion ketamine in mechanically ventilated adult patients was associated with a significant increase in the rate of opioid dose reduction without adverse effects on hemodynamic stability.
Accountable Care in Transitions (ACTion): A Team-Based Approach to Reducing Hospital Utilization in a Patient-Centered Medical Home
Authors: Hawes Emily M. , Smith Jennifer N. , Pinelli Nicole R. , Adams Rayhaan , Tong Gretchen , Weir Sam , Gwynne Mark 
Published: May 2017

Background: There is limited data describing the role of the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) in successful transitions programs and more information is needed to determine the transition points where pharmacist involvement is most impactful. Methods: A family medicine center developed a multidisciplinary outpatient-based transitions program focused on reducing emergency department (ED) and hospital use in medically complex patients. Key team members were a medical provider, clinical pharmacist practitioner (CPP), and care manager. The objective was to evaluate the impact of the program by comparing utilization before and after the intervention and to identify patient and process characteristic predictors of 30-day rehospitalizations. Results: Of the 268 patients included, the mean time to follow-up appointment attended was 11.6 (11.8) days after discharge. The majority of patients (72%) saw their primary care provider at follow-up. Patients experiencing the multidisciplinary intervention had lower 30-day rehospitalizations at 7, 14, and 30 days postdischarge with significance achieved at 14 and 30 days. Compared to before the intervention, reductions in both ED visits and hospitalizations as well as increases in clinic visits were seen at 1, 3, and 6 months. CPP involvement was associated with lower rehospitalizations (7.7% vs 18.8%; P = .04). Conclusion: A multidisciplinary outpatient-based transitions program embedded in the PCMH increased access to primary care and reduced hospital and ED utilization. Face-to-face CPP involvement significantly lowered rehospitalizations. This program describes a standardized approach to complex care needs with defined roles, a model that may be generalizable and reproduced in other medical homes.
The Use of 3- and 4-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in Patients With Elevated INR
Authors: Mohan Sanjay , Howland Mary Ann , Lugassy Daniel , Jacobson Jessica , Su Mark K. 
Published: May 2017

Background: PCC (Kcentra®) is an Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved 4-factor PCC used for the treatment of warfarin-related coagulopathy (WRC), but it has also been used off-label to treat non-WRC. Three-factor PCC in the form of coagulation factor IX human (Bebulin®) has also been used for WRC and off-label to treat non-WRC. It is unclear whether the use of 3- or 4-factor PCCs is effective for the treatment of non-WRC,. Objective: Our aim is to characterize the use of 3- and 4-factor PCCs for patients identified with a non-WRC. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who received PCCs for both WRC and non-WRC between January 2012 and July 2015 was conducted. Results: A total of 187 patients with elevated international normalized ratio (INR) who received PCCs were analyzed; 53.9% of patients in the WRC group and 27.7% in the non-WRC group corrected to an INR of 1.3 or less after 3- or 4-factor PCC administration. In those patients with non-WRC and who had underlying liver disease, 3- and 4-factor PCCs reduced mean INR by 0.98 and 1.43, respectively. Conclusion: Three and 4-factor PCCs can reduce INR in patients with WRC and in those with non-WRC secondary to liver disease.
A substantial peer-worker workforce in a psychiatric service will improve patient outcomes – the case against
Authors: O’Connor Nick , Clark Scott , Ryan Christopher J 
Published: May 2017

Objectives: The aim of this work was to examine, via narrative review, the evidence supporting the drive for more peer workers to gauge the likely impact on patient outcomes. Conclusions: Despite considerable research into the effectiveness of peer workers in clinical psychiatry, there is insufficient evidence to support the proposition that a substantial peer workforce would improve the outcomes of people living with mental illness.
Plasmacytoid and conventional dendritic cells cooperate in crosspriming AAV capsid-specific CD8+ T cells
Authors: Rogers Geoffrey L. , Shirley Jamie L. , Zolotukhin Irene , Kumar Sandeep R. P. , Sherman Alexandra , Perrin George Q. , Hoffman Brad E. , Srivastava Arun , Basner-Tschakarjan Etiena , Wallet Mark A. , Terhorst Cox , Biswas Moanaro , Herzog Roland W. 
Published: May 2017

Key Points
Crosspriming of AAV capsid-specific CD8+ T cells requires cooperation between distinct subsets of DCs. Innate immune sensing of the viral DNA genome induces cross-presentation of viral capsid in trans.
Clinicopathological features and outcomes of progression of CLL on the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax
Authors: Anderson Mary Ann , Tam Constantine , Lew Thomas E. , Juneja Surender , Juneja Manu , Westerman David , Wall Meaghan , Lade Stephen , Gorelik Alexandra , Huang David C. S. , Seymour John F. , Roberts Andrew W. 
Published: May 2017

Key Points
Complex karyotype and fludarabine refractoriness are key risk factors for progression of CLL on venetoclax. Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors are active in patients with CLL after prior therapy with venetoclax.
Genome sequencing and description of Oerskovia enterophila VJag, an agar- and cellulose-degrading bacterium
Authors: Jag Vanessa , Poehlein Anja , Bengelsdorf Frank R. , Daniel Rolf , Dürre Peter 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA nonmotile, Gram-positive bacterium that shows an elongated and branching cell shape was isolated from soil samples from the botanical garden of Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. Here, the isolation procedure, identification, genome sequencing and metabolic features of the strain are described. Phylogenetic analysis allowed to identify the isolated strain as Oerskovia enterophila. The genus Oerskovia belongs to the family Cellulomonadaceae within the order Actinomycetales. The length of cells of O. enterophila ranges from 1 μm to 15 μm, depending on the growth phase. In the exponential growth phase, cells show an elongated and branching shape, whereas cells break up to round or coccoid elements in the stationary growth phase. The 4,535,074 bp long genome consists of 85 contigs with 3918 protein-coding genes and 57 RNA genes. The isolated strain was shown to degrade numerous complex carbon sources such as cellulose, chitin, and starch, which can be found ubiquitously in nature. Moreover, analysis of the genomic sequence revealed the genetic potential to degrade these compounds.
A review and critical appraisal of central axis flaps in axillary and elbow contractures
Authors: Karki Durga , Ahuja Rajeev B. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractContractures of the axilla and elbow can produce a significant impact on quality of life by reducing the ability to perform activities of daily living. Varieties of techniques are available for resurfacing defects following contracture release but graft or flap loss, donor-site morbidity, esthetics, and recurrences are still challenges for reconstructive surgeons. Central axis “propeller” flaps based on a random, subcutaneous pedicle were first described for axillary and elbow contractures to deploy the unburnt skin of axillary dome in type I and II contractures (Kurtzman and Stern) by moving them 90° to straddle the contracting bands. This strategy provided better esthetics and avoided prolonged splinting. Over more than two decades, there have been several design modifications of these flaps with extended applications to cubital fossa. A comprehensive review of published literature on the topic is presented to discuss classifications, design modifications, and applications of such flaps in managing axillary and elbow contractures.
The refined biomimetic NeuroDigm GEL™ model of neuropathic pain in a mature rat
Authors: Hannaman Mary R. , Fitts Douglas A. , Doss Rose M. , Weinstein David E. , Bryant Joseph L. 
Published: May 2017

Background:Many humans suffering with chronic neuropathic pain have no objective evidence of an etiological lesion or disease. Frequently their persistent pain occurs after the healing of a soft tissue injury. Based on clinical observations over time, our hypothesis was that after an injury in mammals the process of tissue repair could cause chronic neural pain. Our objectives were to create the delayed onset of neuropathic pain in rats with minimal nerve trauma using a physiologic hydrogel, and characterize the rats’ responses to known analgesics and a targeted biologic.Methods:In mature male Sprague Dawley rats (age 9.5 months) a percutaneous implant of tissue-derived hydrogel was placed in the musculofascial tunnel of the distal tibial nerve. Subcutaneous morphine (3 mg/kg), celecoxib (10 mg/kg), gabapentin (25 mg/kg) and duloxetine (10 mg/kg) were each screened in the model three times each over 5 months after pain behaviors developed. Sham and control groups were used in all screenings. A pilot study followed in which recombinant human erythropoietin (200 units) was injected by the GEL™ neural procedure site.Results:The GEL group gradually developed mechanical hypersensitivity lasting months. Morphine, initially effective, had less analgesia over time. Celecoxib produced no analgesia, while gabapentin and duloxetine at low doses demonstrated profound analgesia at all times tested. The injected erythropoietin markedly decreased bilateral pain behavior that had been present for over 4 months,p≤ 0.001. Histology of the GEL group tibial nerve revealed a site of focal neural remodeling, with neural regeneration, as found in nerve biopsies of patients with neuropathic pain.Conclusion:The refined NeuroDigm GEL™ model induces a neural response resulting in robust neuropathic pain behavior. The analgesic responses in this model reflect known responses of humans with neuropathic pain. The targeted recombinant human erythropoietin at the ectopic neural lesion appears to alleviate the persistent pain behavior in the GEL™ model rodents.
CORPO E CIDADE NO SERTÃO PERNAMBUCANO: ARTE, DIÁLOGO SOCIAL E NOVAS IDEIAS
Authors: De Oliveira Juliano Varela 
Published: May 2017

O século XXI surgiu num contexto em que o ambiente urbano passou a ser visto como espaço aglutinador de inovações tecnológicas e grandes problemas sociais. As cidades vêm se tornando locus de uma convivência humana ao mesmo tempo encantadora e caótica. Corpo e cidade estão coimplicados numa dinâmica processual de transformações socioculturais e espaciais, por meio da qual a vida dos indivíduos e o significado dos lugares adquirem uma característica singular na contemporaneidade: a imbricação e a mudança de sensações. Ao mesmo tempo em que a cidade atrai, ela expulsa, repugna. Ao mesmo tempo em que o corpo se adapta à cidade, ele se revolta contra ela. Com base nisso, o trabalho objetiva apresentar os primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa que vem sendo realizada no âmbito do Laboratório de Estudos, Experimentos e Vivências em Artes Cênicas e Cidades (Laborarte) com alunos do IF Sertão PE (Campus Ouricuri) e comunidade em geral. O intuito da pesquisa é efetivar uma dinâmica artística de leitura e compreensão da cidade. Como resultado, vem sendo possível observar a expansão do diálogo entre indivíduos e seus lugares de vida, na perspectiva da construção de novas ideias para o Sertão Pernambucano.
“CULTURA NEGRA”, “POPULAÇÃO NEGRA” E POLÍTICAS DE SAÚDE: ABORDAGENS ETNOGRÁFICAS AO ESTUDO DA POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE DA POPULAÇÃO NEGRA EM SALVADOR, BAHIA
Authors: Calvo-Gonzalez Elena 
Published: May 2017

Esse artigo analisa o uso de noções de “cultura negra”, “raça” e “an- cestralidade” nos programas relacionados à política pública denominada de “Saúde da População Negra” na cidade de Salvador, Bahia. Implementadas a partir de meados da década de 2000, essas políticas têm como fundamenta- ção e objetivo a redução de iniquidades raciais, estatisticamente aferidas, em indicadores de saúde e acesso aos serviços de atenção à saúde, com ações como a difusão de conhecimento sobre doenças tidas como características da “população negra”, o treinamento e qualificação de profissionais da área da saúde no conhecimento e protocolos de atenção a essas doenças, e a realização de feiras de promoção à saúde. Para mostrar os elos, tanto explícitos quanto implícitos, presentes nessas políticas entre o “corpo negro”, “cultura negra” e noções históricas mais amplas sobre a natureza “miscigenada” da população brasileira, analiso etnograficamente duas ações: uma feira de saúde realizada num tradicional terreiro da cidade, e a difusão de material in- formativo sobre a doença falciforme entre familiares de pessoas recém diagnosticadas. Argumento existir uma certa ambiguidade e polissemia no desenho, implementação e recepção dessas políticas públicas, estando em constante diálogo tanto com noções mais amplas quanto mais restritas do que seria a “negritude”.
Media racism: Beyond modernity and postmodernity
Authors: Löwstedt Anthony , Mboti Nyasha 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Is racism changing form or character as modernity fades away and a footloose postmodernity takes its place? We consider a wide range of definitions and understandings of racism, modernity and postmodernity, and, while changes in appearance, methods, and mechanisms as well as prevention of racist communication in the media seem undeniable, the question is raised whether the distinctions between ‘modernity’ and ‘postmodernity’ and the applications of these concepts to history and culture might themselves be distorting and racist. We argue that if ‘modernity’ must be used, then best as a suffix, ‘-modernity’, and if that suffix must be used, then it should be used with the prefix of ‘trans-’. In the mainstream definitions of modernity and of postmodernity we find a fundamental modern and postmodern assumption – manifested in Jaspers’ and Bammé’s ‘axial age’ theories of global western influence starting first around 2800 and then around 500 years ago, and then again around 40 years ago, as the three most important axes around which all history must revolve – to be problematic, mainly Eurocentric, and not representative for or of humanity. With the aid of media history and media anthropology we demonstrate weaknesses in axial age and postmodern theories and conclude that while racist communication keeps changing, the main perpetrator and victim populations have each conspicuously looked the same and sounded the same in recent centuries.
Students as curators
Authors: Cross Jennifer 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Each year for the past twenty years, seventh graders at the Ross School in East Hampton, New York, have performed as curators, organizing thematic exhibitions of the work of professional artists for the school’s gallery. This programme was designed to empower students to engage with art in meaningful and authentic ways, while helping them acquire skills in organization, critical thinking, and collaboration. The article shares the students’ step-by-step curatorial process and gives examples of the interdisciplinary learning that takes place as they meet and interview artists, choose work, design the installation, coordinate publicity, write and produce catalogue documentation, and act as tour guides. In written reflections, students identify the memorable and challenging aspects of organizing and presenting a cohesive and meaningful exhibition.
The student-curated exhibition
Authors: Ennis Erin 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Renewed interest in curatorial practice within the K-12 art curriculum in the United States has created opportunities to explore new approaches to displaying student artwork in school. This article considers the exhibition-making and curatorial practices of eight Advanced Placement Studio Art students who were given the responsibility of curating a school-wide, end-of-year art show. The student curatorial process was developed by examining the art exhibition throughout history, and by focusing on contemporary installation and curatorial practices. Collaboration with a local gallery owner exposed students to real-world curation applications. Evaluation of the process was ascertained through student reflections and post-show feedback as collected by students through photography, observation and a ‘graffiti wall’.
Surface functionalization of poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) with VEGF
Authors: Teske Michael , Sternberg Katrin 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this study, surface modifications for the biodegradable polymers poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] were developed in order to improve their suitability as scaffold material for bioartificial vessel prostheses. The challenge of wet-chemical surface modifications is to avoid bulk adjustments resulting in undesired changes in mechanical properties of these polymers. Nevertheless subsequent immobilization and controlled release of potent angiogenic biomolecules like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from the polymer surface is required. In order to improve the biocompatibility of PCL and P(3HB), terminal hydroxyl groups on the surface of these polymers were generated via oxygen (O
Dependence of Gully Networks on Faults and Lineaments Networks, Case Study from Hronska Pahorkatina Hill Land
Authors: Burian Libor , Šujan Michal , Stankoviansky Miloš , Šilhavý Jakub , Okai Ashie 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this paper we analyse the dependence between gully networks, networks of valleys and faults in the area of Hronska pahorkatina Hill Land. The work is based on the analysis of directions and densities of these three networks in the study area and subunits of lower hierarchical level. The coincidence of all three networks is rare. This scenario occurs when networks of gullies are situated on the bottom of shallow valleys which are conditioned by the presence of faults. More often scenario is only the coincidence of network of valleys and gullies. The last scenario appears in areas with low fault density. The most specific scenario is perpendicularity between network of gullies and network of gullies. Gullies are situated on steep slopes of incised valleys in this case. The last scenario appears the most frequently and was also proven by findings from other studies. We propose three comprehensive explanations of the possible dependence between network of gullies and faults. We also suggest the draft of the possible dependence between network of valleys and gullies.
Role of Different Feedstocks on the Butanol Production Through Microbial and Catalytic Routes
Authors: Biswas Shalini , Katiyar Richa , Gurjar B. R. , Pruthi Vikas 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Among the renewable fuels, butanol has become an attractive, economic and sustainable choice because of cost elevation in petroleum fuel, diminishing the oil reserves and an increase of green house effect. Butanol can be derived from renewable sources by using the natural bio-resources and agro-wastes such as orchard wastes, peanut wastes, wheat straw, barley straw and grasses via Acetone Butanol Ethanol (ABE) process. On the other hand, butanol can be directly formed from chemical route involving catalysts also such as from ethanol through aldol condensation. This review presents extensive evaluation for the production of butanol deploying microbial and catalytic routes.