bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of polidocanol foam injection sclerotherapy in patients with antithrombotic therapy combined with mixed hemorrhoid bleeding: A single-center experience and literature review
Authors: Li Zhen , Liu Hailong , Ding Wenjing , Wang Song , Lv Liang , Li Xiaobin , Ding Haibo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective To explore the single-center clinical experience of polydocanol foam in the antithrombotic treatment of mixed hemorrhoid patients with bleeding and review the related literature.Methods From March 2018 to May 2023, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 7 patients who were admitted to the General Surgery Department of Yangpu Hospital affiliated to Tongji University. Patients with antithrombotic therapy combined with mixed hemorrhoid bleeding who failed to receive conservative treatment need to be treated with polydocanol foam injection sclerotherapy. We summarized the single-center clinical application experience of polydocanol foam injection sclerotherapy in the treatment of patients receiving antithrombotic therapy combined with mixed hemorrhoid bleeding. Through a literature search, the related literature results concerning the application of polydocanol foam sclerotherapy in the antithrombotic treatment of patients with mixed hemorrhoid bleeding were reviewed.Results Seven patients were successfully treated with polydocanol foam sclerotherapy, and the bleeding stopped. The operation time ranged from 10–30 minutes, and no serious complications occurred. At the 4-week postoperative follow-up evaluation, none of the patients had bleeding again, and hemoglobin significantly increased (Hb: 106.0 ± 17.4 g/L vs Hb: 70.9 ± 19.7 g/L). Four weeks after surgery, the overall clinical efficacy rate reached 100%, with a satisfaction rate of 100%. Through a literature review, three studies were ultimately included for analysis.Conclusion Polydocanol foam injection sclerotherapy is a safe and effective method for patients receiving antithrombotic therapy combined with mixed hemorrhoid bleeding. However, larger multicenter prospective studies are needed before this is the preferred treatment for such patients.
Evolution and Determinants of Antenatal Care Services Utilization Among Women in Rwanda: a Rapid Review
Authors:   Emile Twagirumukiza1, Bubanje Valens , Girimpundu Revocathe , Sebera Emile 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Maternal and child health remains a global priority, with antenatal care (ANC) recognized as essential for ensuring positive pregnancy outcomes. Despite significant improvements, ANC utilization in low and middle-income countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, remains low, contributing to high maternal and neonatal mortality rates. This paper highlighted significant progress in Rwanda's maternal health services since 2000. It further explored the evolution of ANC utilization in Rwanda, identifying key determinants and trends over the past two decades.
Methods: Following a traditional maternal and child health services contextualization in Rwanda, a rapid review was conducted, searching databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, alongside grey literature and reference lists. The review focused on studies published between 2010 and 2024, examining factors associated with ANC utilization in Rwanda. The screening was independently conducted by two reviewers with the assistance Rayyan application, followed by full-text screening and data synthesis. The results were presented using the forest plots to display the significant odd ratios of ANC services utilization across different predictor variables.
Results: The review included 11 studies and 1 report revealing a significant improvement in ANC utilization in Rwanda. By 2019-2020, 47% of women received ANC in the first trimester, and 59% had four or more visits, compared to 35% and 38%, respectively, in 2010.
Factors positively associated with adequate ANC included higher education levels, better wealth status, health insurance coverage, and small household size. Conversely, significant distance to health facilities and unwanted pregnancies were associated with lower odds of adequate ANC utilization. Delayed ANC was more likely among women with higher parity, those who lack social support, and those with no or only primary education.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that Rwanda has made considerable strides in improving ANC utilization. Addressing barriers such as distance to healthcare facilities, education, and economic disparities is crucial for further enhancing maternal and child health outcomes. The review underscores the need for targeted interventions to achieve WHO recommendations of 8 ANC visits and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to maternal and child health in Rwanda.
Electrooculography features of reticular macular disease: A preliminary observation
Authors: Qi Ren , Zhe Chu , Hao Cheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this single center retrospective study, we aimed to observe the characteristics of resting potentials between RPE and photoreceptors in RMD patients, based on electrooculography. Seven patients with diffuse RMD diagnosed using infrared fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were consecutively reviewed. All 7 patients (14 eyes) underwent routine ophthalmic examinations and were examined by OCT and Electrooculography (EOG). The EOG recordings of the 14 eyes revealed that dark adaptation took 7.21 ± 1.75 minutes to achieve dark trough, whereas light adaptation took 15.79 ± 2.70 minutes from light rise to the light peak. Furthermore, the amplitude of dark trough potential was 262.0–962.1 µV, whereas that of light peak potential was between 373.8 µV and 1.8 mV. In addition, the LP:DT ratio of the 14 eyes observed in this preliminary study was 1.63 ± 0.22, ranged between 1.18 and 1.97, which was lower than 2.35, but was not significantly lower than the lower limit of 1.7 (t = -1.12, P = 0.28). In conclusion, Some EOG parameters of RMD patients are different from normal reference ranges, bioelectric activity between RPE and photoreceptors in patients with RMD may be affected by SDD or RPE abnormalities.
Age-related changes in the hair follicle and hair shaft in women in the parietal region
Authors: Balandin A. A. , Yudina V. V. , Balandina I. A. , Patrakova S. P. , Korovyakovskaya N. M. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction.Medical trichology is a promising and modern direction of cosmetology, engaged in the study of the scalp and hair, both in the state of health and various diseases. However, with all the variety of various scientific publications, there are very few works devoted to the study of morphological changes in normal physiological aging of a person.Aim.To reveal the dynamics of morphological changes in the hair bulb and hair shaft in women in the parietal region to elderly age.Materialsandmethods.The work is based on the results of microscopic examination of 80 women, the study sample consisted of conditionally healthy individuals. The examined women were divided into three groups depending on their age. The first group included 27 women of the first period of mature age (26.9 ± 0.70 years). The second group consisted of 30 women of the second period of mature age (47.1 ± 1.20 years). The third group was formed by 23 women of old age (62.1 ± 1.09 years). Hair sampling was performed in the parietal region of the head by combing out the hair that had already fallen out (without pulling it out of the skin!). The width of the hair bulb and hair shaft were measured. The percentage of bulbs containing an internal root sheath to the total number of bulbs was calculated.Resultsanddiscussion.With age, a decrease in the number of hair follicles with internal root sheath (p < 0.01) along with a tendency to decrease the width of the hair follicle and hair shaft (p > 0.05) was noted in women in the parietal region.Conclusions.The results of this study add to the information available in the scientific literature about age-related changes occurring in the hair bulb and hair shaft in women by old age. The data obtained will be useful for trichologists in medical practice to create clinical recommendations for the early prevention of age-related alopecia areata.
Targeting Fructosamine Oxidase (Amadoriase II) in Aspergillus fumigatus: Comprehensive Virtual Screening, ADMET Analysis, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Triazole Derivatives
Authors: Yamari Imane , Abchir Oussama , Khedraoui Meriem , Errougui Abdelkbir , Talbi Mohammed , Samadi Abdelouahid , Kouali MHammed El , Chtita Samir 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Aspergillus fumigatus, a significant fungal pathogen, poses a
threat to human health, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Addressing the
need for novel antifungal strategies, this study employs virtual screening to identify potential
inhibitors of Fructosamine oxidase, also known as Amadoriase II, a crucial enzyme
in A. fumigatus (PDB ID: 3DJE).

Method:
Virtual screening of 81,197 triazole derivatives was subjected to computational
analysis, aiming to pinpoint molecules with high binding affinity to the active site of
Fructosamine oxidase. Subsequently, an in-depth ADMET analysis assessed the pharmacokinetic
properties of lead compounds, ensuring their viability for further development.
Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to evaluate the stability of top-ranked
compounds over time.

Results:
The results unveil a subset of triazole derivatives displaying promising interactions,
suggesting their potential as inhibitors for further investigation.

Conclusion:
This approach contributes to the development of targeted antifungal agents,
offering a rational starting point for experimental validation and drug development
against Aspergillus fumigatus infections.
Phytochemicals and Nanotechnology: A Powerful Combination against Breast Cancer
Authors: Shafi Sadat , Ahmed Faraha , Waheed Ayesha , Ahmad Syed Sufiyan , Khan Sana , Khan Mohammad Ahmed , Pottoo Faheem Hyder , Rabbani Syed Arman , Singh Shailja , Najmi Abul Kalam 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Considerable advancements have been made in breast cancer therapeutics in the past few
decades. However, the advent of chemo-resistance and adverse drug reactions coupled with tumor
metastasis and recurrence posed a serious threat to combat this lethal disease. Novel anti-cancer
agents, as well as new therapeutic strategies, are needed to complement conventional breast cancer
therapies. The quest for developing novel anti-cancer drugs caused an upsurge in exploring and harnessing
natural compounds, especially phytochemicals. Various research groups have explored and
documented the anti-cancer potential of wide variety of phytochemical groups including flavonoids
(curcumin, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, naringenin, apigenin, genistein epigallocatechin gallate),
stilbenes (resveratrol), carotenoids (crocin, lycopene, lutein), and anthraquinone (Emodin).
However, low chemical stability, poor water solubility, and short systemic half-life impede their
clinical utility. The implication of nano-technological approaches to decode the pharmacokinetic
challenges associated with phytochemical usage, as well as selective drug targeting, have markedly
enhanced the pre-clinical anti-cancer activity, thus aiding in their clinical translation. This review
documented the recent advances in utilizing phytochemicals for breast cancer prevention and lipidbased
nanotechnological approaches for circumventing their pharmacokinetic concerns to enhance
their systemic availability, cytotoxicity, and targeted delivery against breast cancer alone as well as
in combination with conventional therapeutic agents.
Predicting and Validating the Mechanism of Action of the Enema Formula in Treating Colorectal Cancer by Using Network Pharmacology, GEO, and TCGA Databases
Authors: Mu Bai-xiang , Li Yuan xiang , Zhou Hua jian , Zhou Jin-yong , Chen Min , Ye Ningyuan 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The GCF, created by Professor Liu Shenlin, an esteemed expert in traditional
Chinese medicine, is rooted in principles to improve blood flow, relieve blood congestion,
clear heat, and detoxify the body. Developed as an empirical formula, it holds significance in
CRC treatment.

Objective:
This study aimed to predict and confirm the active elements, possible targets, and
molecular mechanisms against colorectal cancer (CRC) in the GCF enema formula.

Methods:
Using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis
Platform (TCMSP), we screened active elements and drug targets. Colorectal cancer (CRC)-related
targets were collected from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database, Disease
Gene Network (DisGeNET) database, and Therapeutic Target Database (TTD). The overlap
between action targets of all active elements and CRC-related targets was determined to find common
targets. A Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network of common targets was built using the
String database, and Cytoscape software was used for visual analysis to identify core targets. Simultaneously,
the common targets were analyzed using the Metascape database for Gene Ontology
(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment. Additionally, core
targets and active elements were tested using Discovery Studio 2019 for molecular docking. Furthermore,
the expression differences and prognostic impacts of core targets were examined across
various cancer databases.

Results:
Screening revealed 90 active elements and 251 drug targets in the GCF. There were 6113
disease targets, with 113 common targets between CRC and the GCF. Core targets identified
through PPI analysis included AKT1, STAT3, MYC, SRC, EGFR, and IL6. KEGG enrichment
analysis uncovered 101 relevant pathways related to these targets. Molecular docking experiments
confirmed favorable interactions between core targets and multiple active elements in the GCF.
Additionally, examination of the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database highlighted differential expression
of core targets MYC and EGFR in normal colorectal tissue compared to CRC tissue.

Conclusion:
The GCF, comprising a combination of three drugs, appears to counteract CRC by influencing
core targets, such as AKT1, STAT3, MYC, SRC, EGFR, and IL6. This process involves
regulating multiple cancer-related signaling pathways, notably the PI3K-AKT pathway.
Pulmonary Protective Effects of Vitamin D and N-Acetylcysteine on Paraquat-Induced Lung Toxicity in Rats: Modulation of Oxidant / Antioxidant Balance
Authors: Ranjb Akram , Moridi Heresh , Mardukhrohani Hanane , Khademi Peyman , Gholami Hamid , Kheiripour Nejat , Tamri Pari , Soleimani Asl Sara 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Paraquat (PQ) is one of the most common herbicides used in agriculture
that can lead to very acute toxicity in mammals. It has been reported that PQ has destructive effects
on the lungs.

Objective:
We aimed to investigate the effect of N-acetyl Cysteine (NAC) and Vitamin D (Vit D)
on the oxidative toxicity of the lung in subacute paraquat exposure. 36 male albino Wistar rats at 8
weeks were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=6). A control group, a PQ-intoxicated group (5
mg/kg body weight), a Vit D-treated group (2 μg/kg), an NAC-treated group, a PQ (6.25 mg/kg) +
Vit D group, and finally a PQ + NAC group, each was treated for 7 days.

Methods:
In this experimental study, Lipid Peroxidation (LPO), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Total
Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Total Thiol Groups (TTG), and Hydroxyproline (Hyp) levels in
lung tissue were evaluated.

Results:
PQ exposure resulted in a substantial elevation of LPO, TOS, and Hyp levels. Conversely,
TAC and TTG content demonstrably declined. Administration of either PQ+Vit D or
PQ+NAC significantly reduced LPO, TOS, and Hyp levels in the PQ-exposed rats compared to
the PQ group alone. Conversely, TAC and TTG content significantly increased in these groups.
These findings suggest that both vitamin D and NAC may function as free radical scavengers and
potential antioxidant agents, potentially alleviating the detrimental effects of PQ poisoning on the
lungs.

Conclusion:
The present study has demonstrated the administration of Vit D and NAC to significantly
mitigate PQ-induced lung injury in rats. This protective effect can be likely attributed to
their modulation of the oxidant/antioxidant balance, as evidenced by reductions in LPO, TOS, and
Hyp levels, alongside increases in TAC and TTG content. These findings suggest that vitamin D
and NAC may function as free radical scavengers and antioxidant enhancers, offering protection
against PQ-induced oxidative stress and subsequent lung tissue damage.
Psychological Health and Wellness and the Impact of a Supportive Text Messaging Program (Wellness4MDs) Among Physicians and Medical Learners in Canada: Protocol for a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Shalaby Reham , Agyapong Belinda , Dias Raquel , Obuobi-Donkor Gloria , Adu Medard K , Spicer Sharron , Yanchar Natalie L , Agyapong Vincent I O 
Published: September 2024

Background
Burnout, anxiety, and depression continue to affect physicians, postgraduate medical trainees, and medical students globally and in Canada particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
The primary goal of this project is to design, implement, monitor, and evaluate a daily supportive SMS text messaging program (Wellness4MDs, Global Psychological e-Health Foundation). The program aims to reduce the prevalence and severity of burnout, anxiety, and depression symptoms among physicians, postgraduate medical trainees, and medical students in Canada.

Methods
This longitudinal study represents a multistakeholder, mixed methods, multiyear implementation science project. Project evaluation will be conducted through a quantitative prospective longitudinal approach using a paired sample comparison, a naturalistic cross-sectional controlled design, and satisfaction surveys. Prevalence estimates for psychological problems would be based on baseline data from self-completed validated rating scales. Additional data will be collected at designated time points for paired comparison. Outcome measures will be assessed using standardized rating scales, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory for burnout symptoms, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire for depression symptoms, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale for anxiety symptoms, and the World Health Organization–Five Well-Being Index.

Results
The project launched in the last quarter of 2023, and program evaluation results will become available within 36 months. The Wellness4MDs program is expected to reduce the prevalence and severity of psychological problems among physicians in Canada and achieve high subscriber satisfaction.

Conclusions
The results from the Wellness4MDs project evaluation will provide key information regarding the effectiveness of daily supportive SMS text messages and links to mental health resources on these mental health parameters in Canadian physicians, postgraduate trainees, and medical students. Information will be useful for informing policy and decision-making concerning psychological interventions for physicians in Canada.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/44368
Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of a Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Identity Scale: Survey Study With Two Independent Samples of Adults in the United States
Authors: Wen Cheng K Fred , Schneider Stefan , Junghaenel Doerte U , Toledo Meynard John L , Lee Pey-Jiuan , Smyth Joshua M , Stone Arthur A 
Published: September 2024

Background
Emerging evidence suggests a positive association between relevant aspects of one’s psychological identity and physical activity engagement, but the current understanding of this relationship is primarily based on scales designed to assess identity as a person who exercises, leaving out essential aspects of physical activities (eg, incidental and occupational physical activity) and sedentary behavior.

Objective
The goal of this study is to evaluate the validity of a new physical activity and sedentary behavior (PA/SB) identity scale using 2 independent samples of US adults.

Methods
In study 1, participants answered 21 candidate items for the PA/SB identity scale and completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Study 2 participants completed the same PA/SB identity items twice over a 1-week interval and completed the IPAQ-SF at the end. We performed factor analyses to evaluate the structure of the PA/SB identity scale, evaluated convergent validity and test-retest reliability (in study 2) of the final scale scores, and examined their discriminant validity using tests for differences in dependent correlations.

Results
The final PA/SB identity measure was comprised of 3 scales: physical activity role identity (F1), physical activity belief (F2), and sedentary behavior role identity (F3). The scales had high test-retest reliability (Pearson correlation coefficient: F1, r=0.87; F2, r=0.75; F3, r=0.84; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: F1: ICC=0.85; F2: ICC=0.75; F3: ICC=0.84). F1 and F2 were positively correlated with each other (study 1, r=0.76; study 2, r=0.69), while both were negatively correlated with F3 (Pearson correlation coefficient between F1 and F3: r=–0.58 for study 1 and r=–0.73 for study 2; F2 and F3: r=–0.46 for studies 1 and 2). Data from both studies also demonstrated adequate discriminant validity of the scale developed. Significantly larger correlations with time in vigorous and moderate activities and time walking and sitting assessed by IPAQ-SF with F1, compared with F2, were observed. Significantly larger correlations with time in vigorous and moderate activities with F1, compared with F3, were also observed. Similarly, a larger correlation with time in vigorous activities and a smaller correlation with time walking were observed with F2, compared with F3.

Conclusions
This study provided initial empirical evidence from 2 independent studies on the reliability and validity of the PA/SB identity scales for adults.
Global conflict: Analysis of non-political factors and possible non-violent solutions in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Mokiy Vladimir 
Published: September 2024

The paper presents a novel approach to the analysis of non-political factors and potential non-violent solutions to global conflicts. The distinctive feature of this approach is its focus on habitual thinking (conventional wisdom) as a research subject, rather than on the human himself. Using the systems transdisciplinarity models, the construct of individual conventional wisdom was investigated. The study identified the main types of conventional wisdom and described the types of knowledge that underlie each individual's worldview formation. Furthermore, the process of socialization through which individual conventional wisdom is integrated with the conventional wisdom of contemporary humanity was simulated. The findings of this study enabled elucidating the objective, non-political factors contributing to the global conflict associated with the completion of the first stage of socialization of the emerging liberal society. The forthcoming changes in the new model of the world order were delineated, as was the necessity to create deterrents that will soon replace nuclear weapons. A proposal will be made to interested organizations, suggesting a joint undertaking of large-scale transdisciplinary research. The objective of this research is to establish a foundation for the attainment of non-violent solutions to the global conflict and the resolution of the problems associated with the sustainable development of humanity.)