bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Mechanical Dewatering of Digestate
Authors: Mudryk Krzysztof , Frączek Jarosław , Jewiarz Marcin , Wróbel Marek , Dziedzic Krzysztof 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Technology of processing of agricultural raw material and production residues from agri-food industry often requires their dewatering. Digestate is one of such materials i.e. the mass remaining after the bio-gasification process, which has great hydration (above 85%). The objective of the research was to know the impact of dewatering on the change of water content in digestate from biogas in Piekoszów. A mechanical dewatering process was carried out and reflected the conditions of operation of screw presses for dewatering of plant raw materials, whose screen internal diameter is 160 mm. Knowing the impact of pressure on the dynamics of raw material moisture decrease will allow modelling of the operation of industrial devices with similar operation parameters. Thus, a research on the dewatering process with the use of pressure within 0.58-2.91 MPa and slotted screens with meshes size of 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mm were carried out. The analysis of the obtained results indicates that an effective process of dewatering of the investigated digestate takes place at the working pressure to 1.74 MPa regardless the applied screen. Further increase of pressure does not cause a significant decrease of moisture in the investigated material.
Influence of parental life history on maturation and smoltification in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.)
Authors: Dȩbowski Piotr , Dobosz Stefan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe developmental pathways of the offspring of three groups of trout, Salmo trutta L., with known life histories were compared: one group from a freshwater resident population and two groups from an anadromous population (fish that have smoltified and fish that have not). The fish were hybridized within a group, and 27 families were obtained and reared mixed in two tanks. Tracking fish specimens was possible thanks to individual passive integrated transponder (PIT) tagging. All families followed different life pathways. Faster growth favored early smoltification and maturation at the age of 1+ in males that had not smoltified. In addition, both processes were clearly also influenced by inherited factors. Fish of freshwater resident origin smoltified more infrequently, and males matured earlier than did fish from the migratory population. The offspring of parents from the migratory population, which did smoltify during their individual histories, smoltified early (in the second year) more often than offspring of non-smoltified members of the population.
Histomorphological and microanatomical characteristics of the olfactory organ of freshwater carp, Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton)
Authors: Ghosh Saroj Kumar , Chakrabarti Padmanabha 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The morphoanatomy, cellular organization, and surface architecture of the olfactory apparatus in Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton) is described using light and scanning electron microscopy. The oval shaped olfactory rosette contained 32 ± 2 primary lamellae on each side of the median raphe, and was lodged on the floor of the olfactory chamber. The olfactory lamellae were basically flat and compactly arranged in the rosette. The olfactory chamber communicated to the outside aquatic environment through inlet and outlet apertures with a conspicuous nasal flap in between. The mid dorsal portion of the olfactory lamellae was characterized by a linguiform process. Sensory and non-sensory regions were distributed separately on each lamella. The sensory epithelium occupied the apical part including the linguiform process, whereas the resting part of the lamella was covered with non-sensory epithelium. The sensory epithelium comprised both ciliated and microvillous receptor cells distinguished by the architecture on their apical part. The non-sensory epithelium possessed mucous cells, labyrinth cells, and stratified epithelial cells with distinctive microridges. The functional importance of the different cells lining the olfactory mucosa was correlated with the ecological habits of the fish examined.
In vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts obtained from Ficus spp. leaves against the fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Tkachenko Halyna , Buyun Lyudmyla , Terech-Majewska Elżbieta , Osadowski Zbigniew 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe main goal of this study was to determine in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts obtained from the leaves of various Ficus species against Aeromonas hydrophila isolated locally from infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) with the aim of providing scientific rationale for the use of the plant in the treatment of bacterial infections induced by Aeromonas spp. in fish. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done on Muller-Hinton agar with the disc diffusion method. In the present study, most ethanolic extracts proved effective against the A. hydrophila tested, with 10-12 mm inhibition zones observed. A. hydrophila demonstrated the highest susceptibility to F. pumila. Among various species of Ficus with moderate activity against A. hydrophila, the highest antibacterial activities were noted for F. benghalensis, F. benjamina, F. deltoidea, F. hispida, and F. lyrata. Thus, Ficus can be used as a natural antiseptic and antimicrobial agent in veterinary practice. Further investigations need to be conducted to isolate and identify the bioactive compounds that can then be subjected to detailed pharmacological studies and the development of clinical applications. The alarming rate of increasing resistance in bacterial pathogens in aquaculture environments means that medicinal plants with antibacterial properties are very important as natural resources of new active compounds.
Recreational fisheries pressure in the Polish waters of the Vistula Lagoon and considerations of its potential impact on the development of regional tourism
Authors: Trella Marek , Mickiewicz Maciej 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present the recreational fisheries on the Vistula Lagoon and their potential impact on the development of regional tourism. Questionnaires were used to collect information during investigations conducted in the 2012-2015 period. Additional information on the topic of angling tourism was obtained by conducting interviews with recreational fishers and with the owners of angling shops. The numbers of angling permits issued was also analyzed. This analysis indicated growing interest in recreational fisheries in the Vistula Lagoon, where anglers caught primarily perch, Perca fluviatilis L., and pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L). The recreational fishers surveyed resided mainly in areas near the Vistula Lagoon. The mean distance between their homes and the fishing grounds was 30.5 km (min-max: 0.1-757 km). SWOT analysis indicated that recreational fisheries in the Vistula Lagoon could be a stimulatory factor for the development of tourism in the region.
Land Market and Price of the Agricultural Land after the End of the Transitional Period
Authors: Dirgasová Katarína 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
After the end of the transition period for the purchase of the agricultural land by foreigners, the legislation regulating the acquisition of the agricultural land was adopted for the purpose of harmonization of the Slovak legislation with the legislation of the European Union. The Law no. 140/2014 Coll. on the acquisition of ownership to the agricultural land and amending and supplementing determines the subjects that are legitimated to acquire the ownership to the agricultural land. In addition, due to the creation of the Register of Offers of the Agricultural Land, the legislation allows the landowner to set a price on the sale of the agricultural land. In Slovakia, apart from the administrative prices and the market prices, there is a new type of prices, so-called „supply price“. The aim of the paper is to sum up the impact of the current legislation on the land market and the prices of agricultural land.
Allelopathic activity of Nepeta nuda L. subsp. nuda water extracts
Authors: Dragoeva Asya , Stoyanova Zheni , Koleva Vanya , Dragolova Daniela 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Nepeta nuda subsp. nuda is a medicinal plant growing wild in Bulgaria. Different species of Nepeta genus have been reported to possess allelopathic potential. The present study was conducted to observe its phytotoxic effects on T. aestivum and C. sativus L. seeds in laboratory conditions. Nepeta water extracts (NWE) prepared from aerial parts of plants at concentrations 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 g/l were tested. The rate of seed germination, the root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of seedlings were observed after treatment with NWE. As a control served seeds treated with distilled water. Germination was not affected, but NWE showed deterioration in seedling growth. Roots were more affected than shoots. The fresh and dry weights were reduced upon treatment with the extracts tested. These negative effects were dose-dependent. The overall results indicate presence of water soluble allelochemicals in Nepeta nuda subsp. nuda.
Electronic setup for fluorescence emission measurements and long-time constant-temperature maintenance of Single-Walled Carbon Nano-Tubes in water solutions
Authors: De Rosa Matteo , De Nardo Laura , Bello Michele , Uzunov Nikolay 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In our previous research we have observed that the fluorescence emission from water solutions of Single-Walled Carbon Nano-Tubes (SWCNT), excited by a laser with a wavelength of 830nm, diminishes with the time. We have already proved that such a fading is a function of the storage time and the storage temperature. In order to study the emission of the SWCNT as a function of these two parameters we have designed and realized a special measurement compartment with a cuvette holder where the SWCNT solutions can be measured and stored at a fixed constant temperature for periods of time as long as several weeks. To maintain the measurement setup under a constant temperature we have designed special experimental setup based on two Peltier cells with electronic temperature control.
Fish Lipids as a Valuable Source of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Authors: Merdzhanova Albena , Ivanov Ivaylo , Dobreva Diana A. , Makedonski Lyubomir 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article presents information about omega-3 (h-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents in a broad range of commercially important fish species available on Bulgarian fish markets. The aim is to raise consumers’ awareness and encourage them to eat fish. Fish species from the Black Sea coast have relatively high proportion of n-3 PUFAs, of which more than 80% is by EPf (eicosapentaenoic acid, C 20:5 n-3) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, C 22:6 n-3). Extensive epidemiological studies show that fish consumption is inversely associated with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke and the functioning of the brain. About 0.5 g of omega-3 (EPA+DHA) a day or two savings of oily fish a week are required to reduce the risk of death from CVD. PUFAs needs should be satisfied not only with food additives but with fish lipids containing food.
Nutritional status in short-term overtraining boxers
Authors: Alexandrova Albena , Petrov Lubomir , Zaekov Nikolay , Bozhkov Borislav , Zsheliaskova-Koynova Zshivka 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The diet is essential to the recovery process in athletes, especially those undergoing intensive training. The continuous imbalance between loading and recovery leads to development of overtraining syndrome. The purpose of this study was to establish the changes in the nutritional status of short-term overtrained athletes. Twelve boxers from the team of National Spoils Academy Sofia, Bulgaria during their preparation for the National Championship 2016 were studied. The measurements were conducted three times.in the beginning of preparation (T1), 22 days later (2) and 10 days after (32 days after first measurement), in the beginning of the recovery period, one week prior the competition (T3).The measurements included basic anthropometric data, overtraining questionnaire RESTO-Sport and nutrition questionnaire, plasma concentration of testosterone and cortisol.On the data of dietary survey the percent proportion and the amount of daily consumed proteins, fats and carbohydrates were defined and the energy intake of the tested athletes was calculated. According to the RESTO-Sport a significant decrease in the ratio stress/recovery was observed in the period with the heaviest training load T2, and an increase was estimated in the pre­competition recovery period T3. It was found a typical for the overtraining syndrome decrease in the concentration of testosterone and the ratio of testosterone/cortisol in T3. In some respondents a reduction in carbohydrates and proteins intake was observed in T2 and especially in T3, which correlates with the hormonal changes. In this work the diet changes was discussed as a possible consequence and/or a cause of the overtraining syndrome.
Divergent Cultural Environment – Translator Authenticity
Authors: Horváth Futó Hargita , Hózsa Éva 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPeople and communities living geographically far from each other and originating from culturally different environments establish contact with each other by means of the sudden spread of information and communication technologies. Knowledge of world languages no longer suffices for engaging in successful social interaction, it has to be accompanied by intercultural competence. Intercultural communication occurs when interlocutors belonging to different cultures understand each other. The translator’s work can be also understood as intercultural communication since in addition to translating linguistic material, the translator also transcodes the culture of the source language into the target language. (Inter)cultural competence is therefore one of the basic requirements for a translator. There is an ever-increasing emphasis on mediation between different cultures in translation, and according to new interpretations of translation this mediation represents the keystone of translation. The present study examines how elements of Hungarian culture are rendered in Serbian and German by analysing translations of Hungarian authors’ works into these two languages.
Cultural Interchangeability? Culture-Specific Items in Translation
Authors: Ajtony Zsuzsanna 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper summarizes the results of the translation work carried out within an international project aiming to develop the language skills of staff working in hotel and catering services. As the topics touched upon in the English source texts are related to several European cultures, these cultural differences bring about several challenges related to the translation of realia, or culture-specific items (CSIs). In the first part of the paper, a series of translation strategies for rendering source-language CSIs into the target language are enlisted, while the second part presents the main strategies employed in the prepared translations.
On the Hungarian Equivalents of the English Passive in Literary Translations A Case Study on the Translations of Two Novels
Authors: Tankó Enikő 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper investigates the choice of Hungarian equivalents for the English passive construction in translated texts in order to have a glimpse on how translators deal with the English passive. In previous studies (Tankó 2011, 2014), we have looked at the problems encountered by L1 speakers of Hungarian in the acquisition of the English passive voice, having identified different Hungarian equivalents of the English passive that native speakers would resort to when expressing a passive meaning. A special attention has been paid to the Hungarian predicative verbal adverbial construction, which seems to be the closest syntactic equivalent of the English passive, which captures most of its syntactic or discourse function properties. The main question to pursue is whether L1 speakers of Hungarian use the same strategies as shown in previous studies or they choose some other structures to express the passive meaning when it comes to translating literary texts. On the other hand, we would like to analyse Hungarian contexts which require a translation using the passive in English. Thus, our corpus consists of Orwell’s 1984 and Jókai Mór’s Az arany ember, comparing them with their translated versions.
Learning Schoolscapes in a Minority Setting
Authors: Biró Enikő 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn my paper, I present a qualitative approach to the linguistic landscape of Hungarian schools in Sepsiszentgyörgy/Sfântu Gheorghe, Romania. These landscapes are called schoolscapes as they represent the material environment where texts and images “constitute, reproduce and transform language ideologies” (Brown 2012: 282). These manifestations reveal a lot about language learning and teaching in a formal educational environment. Beyond the simple representations of languages in education, we may trace more or less hidden curriculum details of foreign- and second-language teaching (English/German, Romanian) in a Hungarian-Romanian dominant bilingual setting. My aim is to describe the visual manifestations of the differences and similarities between the languages taught to minority children and the mutual efforts of teachers and students to meet the basic challenges of learning and teaching these languages.
Discourse Intonation and Information Structure: An Empirical Study of ExistentialThereConstructions in Non-native Spontaneous Speech
Authors: Nagy Judit 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe management of given and new information is one of the key components of accomplishing coherence in oral discourse, which is claimed to be a problematic area for language learners (Celce-Murcia, Dörnyei, and Thurrell 1995: 14). Research on discourse intonation proposes that instead of the given/new dichotomy, givenness should be viewed as a continuum, with different types of accessibility (Baumann & Grice 2006). Moreover, Prince (1992) previously categorized information structure into Hearer-old/Hearer-new and Discourse-old/Discourse-new information. There is consensus on the fact that focus or prominence associated with new information is marked with nuclear pitch accent, and its main acoustic cue, fundamental frequency (f0) (Ward & Birner 2001: 120). Non-native intonation has been reported to display numerous differences in f0 range and patterns compared to native speech (Wennerstrom 1994; Baker 2010). This study is an attempt to address the issue of marking information structure in existentialtheresentences by means of f0 in non-native spontaneous speech. Data originates from task-based interactions in the Wildcat Corpus of Native- and Foreign-Accented English (Van Engen et al. 2010). This paper examines two issues: (1) information structure in relation to the notions of givenness and different types of accessibility (Baumann & Grice 2006) and to Prince’s (1992) multidimensional taxonomy and (2) the use of f0 peaks to mark the prominence of new information. Several differences were measured among native speakers regarding the use of f0, sentence type, and complexity.
Expansion Patterns of the Terminological Metaphor
Authors: Butiurca Doina 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The assertion our research starts from is that medical terms coined from Greek and Latin scientific elements denote notions, offer information on the level of specialized communication, updating without any exceptions at least two associated preconceptual patterns. From a cognitive perspective, the group of terms has developed based on logical relations of interaction, the starting point of which can be always identified in the cultural and anthropological elements in the environmental, cosmic, etc. dimension of human existence. The arborescent coherence on the level of the terminological corpus, the associated preconceptual patterns and the metaphor through polilexical interaction, the cognitive and informative function of the metaphor on the level of the domain/subdomain and on the level of titling are only some of the objectives this research aims to achieve. I mostly apply the descriptive linguistic method as well as the cognitive, analytical, and comparative methods.
Conclusions: the scientific compounds have been coined based on an “associated preconceptual pattern”. Through their special linguistic and semasiological behaviour, the scientific compounds have become a source of neonymy in the Pan-Latin lexicon.
Handling Old Transylvanian Apple Variety Names in Translation
Authors: Nagy Imola Katalin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper is related to the problems of translating horticultural terms and names. We deal with the translation issues of botanical names in general, then we focus on some old apple varietal names (Pónyik, Batul, Tányéralma, etc.) and the way these names are treated in English/Romanian texts. We also present some aspects related to the historical background of name giving and pomology. Our aim is to identify the main tendencies of such names in scientific writings and other types of texts. Prior to the publication of the Cultivated Code in the 1950s, the situation of varietal names was rather ambiguous, and sometimes several varietal names were circulating for the very same fruit variety or cultivar. That is why today we still talk about synonymy and translation in the field of variety names despite the fact that the Code stipulates a preference for non-translation. We also attempt to analyse the etymological implications of the above mentioned apple variety names, as especially Pónyik and Batul are equally claimed by Hungarian and Romanian pomologists.
Zu theoretischen und praktischen Aspekten des Fachübersetzens I.
Authors: Seidl-Péch Olivia 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The question is very often discussed whether translators and translation scientists still need text corpora in translating didactic. In the last few decades text corpora enabled the use of new tools in the field of technical translation and translation research, such as the expansion of search criteria for text corpora on the Internet. The ever-recurring question of whether translators and translation scientists still need text corpora is asked at the same time.
At this point the question is not whether text corpora are useful to the search for words and/or sentences in the context, for the determination of the word order, for the selection of synonyms or collocations, as well as for the query of technical terms from parallel texts. The question can rather be formulated in another way, namely, whether translators and translation scientists should give up using text corpora when almost all information is accessible on the Internet where various search engines (e.g.: bing.com, mamma.com, google. com, yahoo.com) and a WebCorp initiative (webcorp.org.uk) increases the number of hits.