bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intercellular Transfer of Microvesicles from Young Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Rejuvenates Aged Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Kulkarni Rohan , Bajaj Manmohan , Ghode Suprita , Jalnapurkar Sapana , Limaye Lalita , Kale Vaijayanti P. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Donor age is one of the major concerns in bone marrow transplantation, as the aged hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) fail to engraft efficiently. Here, using murine system, we show that a brief interaction of aged HSCs with young mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) rejuvenates them and restores their functionality via inter-cellular transfer of microvesicles (MVs) containing autophagy-related mRNAs. Importantly, we show that MSCs gain activated AKT signaling as a function of aging. Activated AKT reduces the levels of autophagy-related mRNAs in their MVs, and partitions miR-17 and miR-34a into their exosomes, which upon transfer into HSCs downregulate their autophagy-inducing mRNAs. Our data identify previously unknown mechanisms operative in the niche-mediated aging of HSCs. Inhibition of AKT in aged MSCs increases the levels of autophagy-related mRNAs in their MVs and reduces the levels of miR-17 and miR-34a in their exosomes. Interestingly, transplantation experiments showed that the rejuvenating power of these “rescued” MVs is even better than that of the young MVs. We demonstrate that such ex vivo rejuvenation of aged HSCs could expand donor cohort and improve transplantation efficacy.
Application of Otolith Chemistry to Investigate the Origin and State‐Straying of Steelhead in Lake Erie Tributaries
Authors: Budnik Richard R. , Boehler Christopher T. , Gagnon Joel E. , Farver John R. , Miner Jeffrey G. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn Lake Erie, the fishery for steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss is overwhelmingly dominated by stocking from state agencies in Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio. Managers that stock steelhead may become concerned if a sizeable portion of the fish they stock do not return to the waters in which they were released and instead stray to other states (“state‐straying”). During fall 2009, spring 2010, and spring and fall 2015, we evaluated the origin and state‐straying of adult steelhead in five annually stocked tributaries of Lake Erie. We also investigated spatial differences in the origin and state‐straying of adult steelhead at different stream locations in two tributaries during 2015. Otolith chemistry signatures were first used to discriminate among yearling steelhead from each of the state hatcheries that stock Lake Erie and wild juveniles from Cattaraugus Creek, New York, and the Grand River, Ontario, resulting in a mean jackknifed classification accuracy of 88% (range = 72–100%). Otolith chemistry analysis was then performed on unknown‐origin adult steelhead collected in Lake Erie tributaries during the fall and spring spawning runs, and natal sources were identified by using source‐specific otolith chemical signatures. State‐strays averaged 46% (range = 13–88%) of the adult fish collected, and high percentages of strays were identified in Chautauqua Creek, New York (72%), and Cattaraugus Creek (88%). Steelhead collections in these New York tributaries during a second year revealed that the percentage of strays present was consistently high, and large proportions of strays were identified in both upstream and downstream locations. These results suggest that state‐straying is widespread in Lake Erie tributaries and that strays make up a large proportion of New York's Lake Erie tributary fishery. Strategies to reduce straying may include practicing upstream releases and reducing the number of hatchery fish that are released in some states.
The Structure of the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire in Australian Adults with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Thomas Matt , Skilbeck Clive , Cannan Phillipa , Slatyer Mark 
Published: December 2017

Background and aims: Many sustaining traumatic brain injury (TBI) suffer ongoing post-concussion symptoms (PCS). The Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ) is widely used, although there is disagreement about its structure. This study compared the fit of published RPQ structures with a four-factor structure derived from a large adult sample with TBI in Tasmania.Method: 661 adults with TBI completed the RPQ at approximately one month post injury. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), using the first half of the sample (n = 330), suggested a four-factor solution. This was compared with models reported in the literature with the second half of the sample (n = 331), using structural equation modelling. Trajectory of recovery across these factors was examined within subsamples at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months following TBI.Results: Inter-correlations between items were strongest for somatic, cognitive and emotional functioning items and the EFA identified a four-factor model. Fit was examined utilising bootstrapping for model comparison. The data at 1 month following TBI best fitted the four-factor model (CFI = .95, RMSEA = .060 (.049–.071) and factors had adequate internal consistency (r = .61–.89). This model appeared a good fit and clinically useful across time points to 12 months post injury.Conclusions: Data best fitted a four-factor model, identified using a rigorous statistical approach. Clinicians and clinical researchers may use this preferred model to provide more specific measurement of the severity of PCS. Future research could attempt replication within international samples.
The effect of core size on the speed of compressible hollow vortex streets
Authors: Crowdy Darren G. , Krishnamurthy Vikas S. 
Published: December 2017

The effect of weak compressibility on the speed of steadily translating staggered vortex streets of hollow vortices in isentropic subsonic flow is studied. A small-Mach-number perturbation expansion about the incompressible solutions for staggered streets of hollow vortices found recently by Crowdy & Green (Phys. Fluids, 2011, vol. 23, 126602) is carried out; the latter solutions provide a desingularization of the classical point vortex streets of von Kármán. The first-order compressible flow correction is calculated. We employ a novel scheme based on a complex variable formulation of the compressible flow equations (the Imai–Lamla method) combined with conformal mapping theory to track the vortex shape in this free boundary problem. The analysis to find the perturbed streamfunction and compressible vortex shapes is greatly facilitated by exploiting a calculus based on use of the Schottky–Klein prime function of a conformally equivalent parametric annulus. It is found that, for a vortex street of specified aspect ratio comprising vortices of specified circulation, the vortex core size is a key determinant of whether compressibility increases or decreases the steady propagation speed (relative to the incompressible street with the same parameters) and that both eventualities are possible. We focus attention on streets with aspect ratios around 0.28, which is close to the neutrally stable case for incompressible flow, and find that a critical vortex core size exists at which compressibility does not affect the speed of the street at first order in the (squared) Mach number. Streets comprising vortices with core size below the critical value speed up due to compressibility; larger vortices slow down.
A minimalist macroparasite diversity in the round goby of the Upper Rhine reduced to an exotic acanthocephalan lineage
Authors: David Gwendoline M. , Staentzel Cybill , Schlumberger Olivier , Perrot-Minnot Marie-Jeanne , Beisel Jean-Nicolas , Hardion Laurent 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe round goby, Neogobius melanostomus, is a Ponto-Caspian fish considered as an invasive species in a wide range of aquatic ecosystems. To understand the role that parasites may play in its successful invasion across Western Europe, we investigated the parasitic diversity of the round goby along its invasion corridor, from the Danube to the Upper Rhine rivers, using data from literature and a molecular barcoding approach, respectively. Among 1666 parasites extracted from 179 gobies of the Upper Rhine, all of the 248 parasites barcoded on the c oxidase subunit I gene were identified as Pomphorhynchus laevis. This lack of macroparasite diversity was interpreted as a loss of parasites along its invasion corridor without spillback compensation. The genetic diversity of P. laevis was represented by 33 haplotypes corresponding to a haplotype diversity of 0·65 ± 0·032, but a weak nucleotide diversity of 0·0018 ± 0·00015. Eight of these haplotypes were found in 88·4% of the 248 parasites. These haplotypes belong to a single lineage so far restricted to the Danube, Vistula and Volga rivers (Eastern Europe). This result underlines the exotic status of this Ponto-Caspian lineage in the Upper Rhine, putatively disseminated by the round goby along its invasion corridor.
Weakly relativistic self-focusing of Gaussian laser beam in magnetized cold quantum plasma
Authors: Aggarwal M. , Goyal V. , Richa  , Kumar H. , Gill T.S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn the present paper, we have studied self-focusing of Gaussian laser beam in weakly relativistic magnetized cold quantum plasma. When interparticle distance is comparable to the de Broglie wavelength of charged particles, we cannot neglect the quantum contribution of plasma constituents. Therefore, propagation characteristics are studied by taking in to account quantum contribution in the presence of static magnetic field applied along the beam propagation. Our results show that the magnetic field plays a key role in achieving additional focusing, it modifies the quiver motion of electrons by adding cyclotron frequency to the natural frequency of oscillating electrons during laser beam propagation. The results are compared with those of weakly relativistic quantum plasma and weakly relativistic magnetized plasma. The self-focusing is found to be more pronounced when axial magnetic field is increased in the present model. We have setup the non-linear differential equation for the evolution of beam-width parameter by well-known paraxial ray approximation and solved it with the help of computational technique.
DOES HAVING GOOD ARTICULATORY SKILLS LEAD TO MORE FLUENT SPEECH IN FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGES?
Authors: De Jong Nivja H. , Mora Joan C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSpeaking fluently requires three main processes to run smoothly: conceptualization, formulation, and articulation. This study investigates to what extent fluency in spontaneous speech in both first (L1) and second (L2) languages can be explained by individual differences in articulatory skills. A group of L2 English learners (n = 51) performed three semispontaneous speaking tasks in their L1 Spanish and in their L2 English. In addition, participants performed articulatory skill tasks that measured the speed at which their articulatory speech plans could be initiated (delayed picture naming) and the rate and accuracy at which their articulatory gestures could be executed (diadochokinetic production). The results showed that fluency in spontaneous L2 speech can be predicted by L1 fluency, replicating earlier studies and showing that L2 fluency measures are, to a large degree, measures of personal speaking style. Articulatory skills were found to contribute modestly to explaining variance in both L1 and L2 fluency.
Capability-based localization of distributed and heterogeneous queries
Authors: SECO JOÃO COSTA , FERREIRA PAULO , LOURENÇO HUGO 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOne key aspect of data-centric applications is the manipulation of data stored in persistent repositories, which is moving fast from querying a centralized relational database to the ad-hoc combination of constellations of data sources. The extension of general purpose languages with query operations is increasingly popular, as a tool to improve reasoning and optimizing capabilities of interpreters and compilers. However, not much is being done to integrate and orchestrate different and separate sources of data. We present a data manipulation language that abstracts the nature and location of data-sources. We define its semantics and a type directed query localization mechanism to be used in development tools for heterogeneous environments to efficiently compile them into native queries. We introduce a localization procedure based on rewriting of query expressions that is confluent, terminating and provides the maximum mapping between site capabilities and the structure of the query. We provide formal type safety results that support the sound distribution of query fragments over remote sites. Our approach is also suitable for an interactive query construction environment by rich user interfaces that provide immediate feedback on data manipulation operations. This approach is currently the base for the data layer of a development platform for mobile and web applications.
Relative importance of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK3/1) signaling during maturational steroid-induced meiotic G2–M1 transition in zebrafish oocytes
Authors: Das Debabrata , Nath Poulomi , Pal Soumojit , Hajra Sudip , Ghosh Pritha , Maitra Sudipta 
Published: December 2017

SummaryParticipation and relative importance of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling, either alone or in combination, have been investigated during 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP)-induced meiotic G2−M1 transition in denuded zebrafish oocyte. Results demonstrate that concomitant with rapid phosphorylation (activation) of Akt (Ser473) and MAPK (ERK1/2) at as early as 15 min of incubation, DHP stimulation promotes enhanced an GVBD response and histone H1 kinase activation between 1 and 5 h in full-grown oocytesin vitro. While p-Akt reaches its peak at 60 to 90 min and undergoes downregulation to the basal level by 240 min, ERK1/2 phosphorylation (activation) increases gradually until 120 min and remains high thereafter. Although, priming with MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 is without effect, PI3K inhibitors, wortmannin or LY294002, delay the GVBD response significantly (P <0.001) until 3 h but not at 5 h of incubation. Interestingly, blocking PI3K and MEK function together could abrogate steroid-induced oocyte maturation at all time points tested. While DHP stimulation promotes phospho-PKA catalytic (p-PKAc) dephosphorylation (inactivation) between 30–120 min of incubation, simultaneous inhibition of PI3K and MEK1/2 kinases abrogates DHP action. Conversely, elevated intra-oocyte cAMP, through priming with either adenylyl cyclase (AC) activator forskolin (FK) or dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP), abrogates steroid-induced Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Taken together, these results suggest that DHP-induced Akt and ERK activation precedes the onset of meiosis (GVBD response) in a cAMP-sensitive manner and PI3K/Akt and MEK/MAPK pathways together have a pivotal influence in the downregulation of PKA and resumption of meiotic maturation in zebrafish oocytesin vitro.
Can auctions help reduce mandatory pension fund fees?
Authors: KURACH RADOSŁAW , KUŚMIERCZYK PAWEŁ , PAPLA DANIEL 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCompanies that manage mandatory pension funds are frequently accused of excessive fee taking. International analyses have found that in countries with legal caps, commissions remain within these caps; hence, market competition does not function. Surprisingly, there are few international cases where local regulators implement mechanisms to facilitate competition. The variety of auction mechanisms available raises the question of whether an optimal solution exists for this purpose. Therefore, in this study, we present evidence, based on a controlled regulatory experiment, on the fee-reduction potential of reverse auctions.
Structural basis for nucleotide-modulated p97 association with the ER membrane
Authors: Tang Wai Kwan , Zhang Ting , Ye Yihong , Xia Di 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAssociation of the cytosolic AAA (ATPases associated with various cellular activities) protein p97 to membranes is essential for various cellular processes including endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation. The p97 consists of two ATPase domains and an N domain that interacts with numerous cofactors. The N domain of p97 is known to undergo a large nucleotide-dependent conformation switch, but its physiological relevance is unclear. Here we show p97 is recruited to canine ER membranes predominantly by interacting with VCP-interacting membrane protein (VIMP), an ER-resident protein. We found that the recruitment is modulated through a nucleotide-dependent conformation switch of the N domain in wild-type p97, but this modulation is absent in pathogenic mutants. We demonstrate the molecular mechanism of the modulation by a series of structures of p97, VIMP and their complexes and suggest a physiological role of the nucleotide-dependent N domain conformation switch. The lack of modulation in pathogenic mutants is caused by changes in interactions between the N and D1 domain, as demonstrated by multiple intermediate positions adopted by N domains of mutant p97. Our findings suggest the nucleotide-modulated membrane association may also have a role in other p97-dependent processes.
ANGPTL8 negatively regulates NF-κB activation by facilitating selective autophagic degradation of IKKγ
Authors: Zhang Yu , Guo Xian , Yan Wanyao , Chen Yan , Ke Mengxiang , Cheng Cheng , Zhu Xiuqin , Xue Weili , Zhou Qiaoqiao , Zheng Ling , Wang Shun , Wu Bin , Liu Xinran , Ma Liang , Huang Lianqi , Huang Kun 
Published: December 2017

AbstractExcessive nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation mediated by tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) plays a critical role in inflammation. Here we demonstrate that angiopoietin-like 8 (ANGPTL8) functions as a negative feedback regulator in TNFα-triggered NF-κB activation intracellularly. Inflammatory stimuli induce ANGPTL8 expression, and knockdown or knockout of ANGPTL8 potentiates TNFα-induced NF-κB activation in vitro. Mechanistically, upon TNFα stimulation, ANGPTL8 facilitates the interaction of IKKγ with p62 via forming a complex, thus promoting the selective autophagic degradation of IKKγ. Furthermore, the N-terminal domain mediated self-oligomerization of ANGPTL8 is essential for IKKγ degradation and NF-κB activation. In vivo, circulating ANGPTL8 level is high in patients diagnosed with infectious diseases, and the ANGPTL8/p62-IKKγ axis is responsive to inflammatory stimuli in the liver of LPS-injected mice. Altogether, our study suggests the ANGPTL8/p62-IKKγ axis as a negative feedback loop that regulates NF-κB activation, and extends the role of selective autophagy in fine-tuned inflammatory responses.
A flexible ontology for inference of emergent whole cell function from relationships between subcellular processes
Authors: Hansen Jens , Meretzky David , Woldesenbet Simeneh , Stolovitzky Gustavo , Iyengar Ravi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWhole cell responses arise from coordinated interactions between diverse human gene products functioning within various pathways underlying sub-cellular processes (SCP). Lower level SCPs interact to form higher level SCPs, often in a context specific manner to give rise to whole cell function. We sought to determine if capturing such relationships enables us to describe the emergence of whole cell functions from interacting SCPs. We developed the Molecular Biology of the Cell Ontology based on standard cell biology and biochemistry textbooks and review articles. Currently, our ontology contains 5,384 genes, 753 SCPs and 19,180 expertly curated gene-SCP associations. Our algorithm to populate the SCPs with genes enables extension of the ontology on demand and the adaption of the ontology to the continuously growing cell biological knowledge. Since whole cell responses most often arise from the coordinated activity of multiple SCPs, we developed a dynamic enrichment algorithm that flexibly predicts SCP-SCP relationships beyond the current taxonomy. This algorithm enables us to identify interactions between SCPs as a basis for higher order function in a context dependent manner, allowing us to provide a detailed description of how SCPs together can give rise to whole cell functions. We conclude that this ontology can, from omics data sets, enable the development of detailed SCP networks for predictive modeling of emergent whole cell functions.
A novel mode of cytokinesis without cell-substratum adhesion
Authors: Taira Risa , Yumura Shigehiko 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCytokinesis is a final step in cell division. Dictyostelium cells, a model organism for the study of cytokinesis, have multiple modes, denoted cytokinesis A, B, C, and D. All these modes have been mainly investigated using cells adhering to the substratum although they can grow in shaking suspension culture. Here, we observed how cells divide without adhering to the substratum using a new non-adhesive material. These detached cells formed the cleavage furrow but eventually failed in the final abscission. Thus, the cells cannot divide without adhesion, suggesting that they cannot divide only through the conventional cytokinesis A. However, in a long-term culture, the detached cells adhered each other to form multicellular aggregates and divided properly in these aggregates. Myosin II-null cells also formed such aggregates but could not divide in the aggregates. Several lines of experiments using mutant cells showed that the process of cytokinesis in multicellular aggregates is a novel mode utilizing a confined space in the aggregate in a myosin II-dependent manner. These results shed light on a poorly characterized mechanism of cytokinesis in multicellular spheroids or tissues. We propose to redefine and classify multiple modes of cytokinesis.
Comprehensive Expression Analysis of microRNAs and mRNAs in Synovial Tissue from a Mouse Model of Early Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kung Louise H. W. , Ravi Varshini , Rowley Lynn , Bell Katrina M. , Little Christopher B. , Bateman John F. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTo better understand the molecular processes involved in driving osteoarthritis disease progression we characterized expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNA) and mRNAs in synovial tissue from a post-traumatic OA mouse model. OA was induced in 10–12 week old male C57BL6 mice by bilateral surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). RNA isolated from the anterior synovium of mice at 1 and 6 weeks post-surgery was subject to expression profiling using Agilent microarrays and qPCR. OA severity was determined histologically. Anterior and posterior synovitis decreased with post-operative time after sham and DMM. No differences in synovitis parameters were evident between sham and DMM in the anterior synovium at either time. While expression profiling revealed 394 miRNAs were dysregulated between 1 and 6 week time-points in the anterior synovium, there were no significant changes in miRNA or mRNA expression between DMM and sham mice at both time-points. Bioinformatic analysis of the miRNAs and mRNAs differentially expressed in tandem with the resolution of anterior synovial inflammation revealed similar biological processes and functions, including organismal injury, connective tissue disorder and inflammatory responses. Our data demonstrates that early OA-specific patterns of synovial miRNAs or mRNAs dysregulation could not be identified in this model of post-traumatic OA.