bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the oasis effect on wind tunnel measurements of ammonia volatilization from urea
Authors: Watt Devon , Rochette Philippe , VanderZaag Andrew , Strachan Ian B. , Bertrand Normand 
Published: July 2016

The validity of emission factors derived from small-scale measurements of ammonia (NH3) volatilization has been questioned in the literature because gaseous NH3 concentration gradients differ at the edge of the measurement plot and may result in higher emissions than at field scale. We studied this “oasis effect” using two very long (22 m) wind tunnels constructed indoors over soil plots fertilized with surface-applied urea (20 g N m−2). We hypothesized that NH3 flux would be highest at the start of the tunnel and decrease with distance. Air NH3 concentration was measured every 2 m along each tunnel for 2 wk after urea application; NH3 flux did not decrease along the length of the tunnels. Of the 60 measurement periods, when there was significant NH3 volatilization, only two had a significant nonlinear relationship (P ≤ 0.05) between NH3 concentration and distance. For the other periods, the NH3 concentration increased linearly with distance (P ≤ 0.05). The background NH3 concentration difference between halves of the tunnels was not significantly related to NH3 flux difference (P > 0.1). Our results indicate that wind tunnel measurements of NH3 volatilization fertilized using urea are not impacted by a measurable oasis effect.
TP53Alterations Correlate with Response to VEGF/VEGFR Inhibitors: Implications for Targeted Therapeutics
Authors: Wheler Jennifer J. , Janku Filip , Naing Aung , Li Yali , Stephen Bettzy , Zinner Ralph , Subbiah Vivek , Fu Siqing , Karp Daniel , Falchook Gerald S. , Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Piha-Paul Sarina , Anderson Roosevelt , Ke Danxia , Miller Vincent , Yelensky Roman , Lee J. Jack , Hong David , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTP53 tumor-suppressor gene mutations are among the most frequent abnormalities in cancer, affecting approximately 40% of patients. Yet, there is no accepted way to target these alterations in the clinic. At the same time, antagonists of VEGFR or its ligand are best-selling oncology drugs, with multiple, expensive compounds approved. Although only a subset of patients benefit from these antiangiogenesis agents, no relevant biomarker has been identified. Interestingly, TP53 mutations upregulate VEGF-A and VEGFR2. We prospectively enrolled 500 patients, to be interrogated by comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) (next-generation sequencing, 236 genes), and to be matched, whenever possible, with targeted agents. Herein, we analyze outcomes based on VEGF/VEGFR inhibitor treatment and presence of TP53 mutations. Of the 500 patients, 188 (37.6%; with ≥1 alteration) were treated; 106 (56% of 188) had tumors that harbored TP53 mutations. VEGF/VEGFR inhibitor therapy was independently associated with improvement in all outcome parameters [rate of stable disease (SD) ≥6 months/partial and complete remission (PR/CR); (31% versus 7%; TP53-mutant patients (who received no other molecular-matched agents) treated with versus without VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors), time-to-treatment failure, and overall survival (multivariate analysis: all P ≤ 0.01)] for the patients harboring TP53-mutant cancers, but improvement was not seen in any of these parameters for patients with TP53 wild-type neoplasms. We conclude that TP53 mutations predict sensitivity to VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in the clinic. TP53 alterations may therefore be a ready biomarker for treatment with antiangiogenesis agents, a finding of seminal importance across the cancer field. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(10); 2475–85. ©2016 AACR.
Caveolin-1, Ring finger protein 213, and endothelial function in Moyamoya disease
Authors: Bang Oh Young , Chung Jong-Won , Kim Suk Jae , Oh Mi Jeong , Kim Soo Yoon , Cho Yeon Hee , Cha Jihoon , Yeon Je Young , Kim Keon Ha , Kim Gyeong-Moon , Chung Chin-Sang , Lee Kwang Ho , Ki Chang-Seok , Jeon Pyoung , Kim Jong-Soo , Hong Seung Chyul , Moon Gyeong Joon 
Published: July 2016

Background Moyamoya disease is a unique cerebrovascular occlusive disease of unknown etiology. Ring finger protein 213 ( RNF213) was identified as a susceptibility gene for Moyamoya disease in East Asian countries. However, the pathogenesis of Moyamoya disease remains unclear. Methods We prospectively analyzed clinical data for 139 patients with Moyamoya disease (108 bilateral Moyamoya disease, 31 unilateral Moyamoya disease), 61 patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stroke, and 68 healthy subjects. We compared the genetic ( RNF213 variant) and protein biomarkers for caveolae (caveolin-1), angiogenesis (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and receptor (VEGFR2), and antagonizing cytokine (endostatin)) and endothelial dysfunction (asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and nitric oxide and its metabolites (nitrite and nitrate)) between patients with Moyamoya disease and intracranial atherosclerotic stroke. We then performed path analysis to evaluate whether a certain protein biomarker mediates the association between genes and Moyamoya disease. Results Caveolin-1 level was decreased in patients with Moyamoya disease and markedly decreased in RNF213 variant carriers. Circulating factors such as VEGF and VEGFR2 did not differ among the groups. Markers for endothelial dysfunction were significantly higher in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stroke but normal in those with Moyamoya disease. Path analysis showed that the presence of the RNF213 variant was associated with caveolin-1 levels that could lead to Moyamoya disease. The level of combined marker of Moyamoya disease (caveolin-1) and intracranial atherosclerotic stroke (ADMA, an endothelial dysfunction marker) predicted Moyamoya disease with good sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion Our results suggest that Moyamoya disease is a caveolae disorder but is not related to endothelial dysfunction or dysregulation of circulating cytokines.
Study of the dehydroxylation of kaolinite and alunite from a Mexican clay with DRIFTS-MS
Authors: Osornio-Rubio N.R. , Torres-Ochoa J.A. , Palma-Tirado M.L. , Jiménez-Islas H. , Rosas-Cedillo R. , Fierro-Gonzalez J.C. , Martínez-González G.M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractFew reports exist on the use of Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometry coupled with Mass Spectrometry (DRIFTS-MS) in situ to monitor the dehydroxylation of kaolinitic clays. The use of DRIFTS-MS in situ allows study of the effect of heat treatment on the dehydroxylation, identifying intensities and temperatures at which the hydroxyl groups are released, forming metakaolinite and meta-alunite. The effluent gases from the infrared cell were analysed by mass spectrometry. The decrease in intensity of the bands at 3694, 3669, 3650 and 3621 cm−1 associated with the −OH stretching vibration modes of AlVI−OH−AlVI of kaolinite began at 450°C. Two additional bands at 3513 and 3485 cm−1 are associated with the vibration of AlVI−OH of alunite that also began to disappear during thermal treatment. Monitoring of the fractions m/e 17 and 18 using a mass spectrometer revealed that the intensity of these fractions increased starting at 450°C. Therefore, it is possible to study the dehydroxylation process of clays during thermal treatment.Chemical and mineralogical characterization of a kaolinitic clay (KN) fromMexico showed that the clay consists of 64.8% kaolinite, 11.0% alunite and 24.4% quartz based on PXRD, EDS, TG/DTA, TEM and FTIR results, and suggested that the material might have potential for use in the manufacture of ceramics, refractory bricks or geopolymers.
MAS NMR and EPR study of structural changes in talc and montmorillonite induced by grinding
Authors: Borges Roger , Dutra Lívia Macedo , Barison Andersson , Wypych Fernando 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe milling process in the solid-state 2:1 clay minerals, montmorillonite and talc, which have different cation exchange capacities, is reported here. Several instrumental techniques were used to monitor systematically the products formed. The dehydroxylation/amorphization of the montmorillonite and talc structures occurs within 3 and 6 h of milling, respectively. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra indicated that structural Mn2+ was oxidized more quickly in the montmorillonite structure than in talc, while the paramagnetic defects increased during milling. Nuclear magnetic resonance was also used to monitor the environmental changes for Si and Al during milling.
The “Contagious Stench” Of Idolatry: The Rhetoric of Disease and Sacrilegious Acts in Colonial New Spain
Authors: Solari Amara 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn the colonial theater of New Spain, multiple actors utilized the rhetoric of disease to discuss and describe the ongoing discoveries of indigenous traditional religion, which they termed idolatry. Focusing primarily on Yucatán, this article closely analyzes these usages, arguing that the two primary modes of understanding the spread of illness in the early modern world, that of miasmic factors and that of contagion, provided rationalizations for the perseverance of idolatrous practices, informed the institutionalized prevention of these heretical acts, and ultimately provided models for their possible cure. As the definition of idolatry was expanded to include all religious crimes committed by New Spain's indigenous population, it was severed from the material aspect (idol worship) that had originally defined it. The result was the conceptual conflation of two of the defining characteristics of early colonial experience: epidemic disease and ongoing idolatries.
Can Combined Bypass Surgery at Middle Cerebral Artery Territory Save Anterior Cerebral Artery Territory in Adult Moyamoya Disease?
Authors: Cho Won-Sang , Kim Jeong Eun , Paeng Jin Chul , Suh Minseok , Kim Yong-il , Kang Hyun-Seung , Son Young Je , Bang Jae Seung , Oh Chang Wan 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients with moyamoya disease are frequently encountered with improved symptoms related to anterior cerebral artery territory (ACAt) and middle cerebral artery territory (MCAt) after bypass surgery at MCAt.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hemodynamic changes in MCAt and ACAt after bypass surgery in adult moyamoya disease.

METHODS: Combined bypass surgery was performed on 140 hemispheres in 126 patients with MCAt symptoms. Among them, 87 hemispheres (62.1%) accompanied preoperative ACAt symptoms. Clinical, hemodynamic, and angiographic states were evaluated preoperatively and approximately 6 months after surgery.

RESULTS: Preoperative symptoms resolved in 127 MCAt (90.7%) and 82 ACAt (94.3%). Hemodynamic analysis of total patients showed a significant improvement in MCAt basal perfusion and reservoir capacity (P < .001 and P = .002, respectively) and ACAt basal perfusion (P = .001). In a subgroup analysis, 82 hemispheres that completely recovered from preoperative ACAt symptoms showed a significant improvement in MCAt basal perfusion and reservoir capacity (P < .001 and P = .05, respectively) and ACAt basal perfusion (P = .04). Meanwhile, 53 hemispheres that had never experienced ACAt symptoms significantly improved MCAt basal perfusion and reservoir capacity (P < .001 and P = .05, respectively); however, no ACAt changes were observed. A qualitative angiographic analysis demonstrated a higher trend of leptomeningeal formation from MCAt to ACAt in the former subgroup (P = .05). During follow-up, no ACAt infarctions were observed.

CONCLUSION: Combined bypass surgery at MCAt resulted in hemodynamic improvements in ACAt and MCAt, especially in patients with preoperative ACAt symptoms.
Computer navigation of the acetabular component in total hip arthroplasty: a narrative review
Authors: Davenport Dominic , Kavarthapu Venu 
Published: July 2016

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common procedure for primary osteoarthritis, but increasing numbers are also being performed for other pathologies such as secondary arthritis, inflammatory arthropathies and trauma. Estimates suggest that around 8.5 million people in the UK are affected by joint pain secondary to arthritis and a rising ageing population has resulted in an increase in THA operations of around 4% per year over the last six years. Multiple studies have shown that THA provides improved quality of life scores, but there remains the burden of complications which account for 15% of £1bn NHS liability payouts. DaPalma et al analysed the financial impact of complications following THA and found the additional cost of a dislocation within six weeks of surgery is 342% of the primary cost. Following primary THA, complications may occur as a result of incorrect component positioning of the femoral stem, the acetabular cup or both. It is known that acetabular malposition may lead to increased rates of dislocation, impingement, edge-loading, polyethylene wear, pelvic osteolysis and prosthesis failure. Acetabular component positioning has been described as the single most important factor in dictating risk of dislocation following THA. Furthermore, instability and dislocation after primary THA is the most common single reason for revision surgery accounting for 22.5% of all revisions and 33% of acetabular revisions. We outline the currently available methods of acetabular navigation comparing freehand techniques with computer and robotic-assisted navigation of the acetabular component.Cite this article: Davenport D, Kavarthapu V. Computer navigation of the acetabular component in total hip arthroplasty: a narrative review. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:279-285. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.000050.
Eating behavior as an important factor in the development of obesity and comorbid diseases
Authors: Isachenkova Ol'ga Aleksandrovna 
Published: July 2016

Eating disorders is an important factor in the pathogenesis of obesity and comorbid diseases. The article describes the various forms of such disturbances, their relationship to emotional and personality disorders and unhelpful coping strategies in situations of stress, contributing to the development of mental maladjustment, and various psychosomatic disorders, including obesity. It stresses the need of psychological correction and the appropriateness of including psychotherapy in complex treatment of patients with obesity and its comorbid psychosomatic diseases.
Limited effects of preterm birth and the first enteral nutrition on cerebellum morphology and gene expression in piglets
Authors: Bergström Anders , Kaalund Sanne S. , Skovgaard Kerstin , Andersen Anders D. , Pakkenberg Bente , Rosenørn Ann , van Elburg Ruurd M. , Thymann Thomas , Greisen Gorm O. , Sangild Per T. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPreterm pigs show many signs of immaturity that are characteristic of preterm infants. In preterm infants, the cerebellum grows particularly rapid and hypoplasia and cellular lesions are associated with motor dysfunction and cognitive deficits. We hypothesized that functional brain delays observed in preterm pigs would be paralleled by both structural and molecular differences in the cerebellum relative to term born piglets. Cerebella were collected from term (n = 56) and preterm (90% gestation, n = 112) pigs at 0, 5, and 26 days after birth for stereological volume estimations, large‐scale qPCR gene expression analyses (selected neurodevelopmental genes) and western blot protein expression analysis (Sonic Hedgehog pathway). Memory and learning was tested using a T‐maze, documenting that preterm pigs showed delayed learning. Preterm pigs also showed reduced volume of both white and gray matter at all three ages but the proportion of white matter increased postnatally, relative to term pigs. Early initiation of enteral nutrition had limited structural or molecular effects. The Sonic Hedgehog pathway was unaffected by preterm birth. Few differences in expression of the selected genes were found, except consistently higher mRNA levels of Midkine, p75, and Neurotrophic factor 3 in the preterm cerebellum postnatally, probably reflecting an adaptive response to preterm birth. Pig cerebellar development appears more affected by postconceptional age than by environmental factors at birth or postnatally. Compensatory mechanisms following preterm birth may include faster white matter growth and increased expression of selected genes for neurotrophic factors and regulation of angiogenesis. While the pig cerebellum is immature in 90% gestation preterm pigs, it appears relatively mature and resilient toward environmental factors.
Adaptive Distance Grid Based Algorithm for
Farthest Point Seeding Streamline Placement
Authors: Mebarki Abdelkrim 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Streamlines are commonly used in scientific visualization.
They are the most used geometric items in
primitive-based visualization algorithms. In this paper, a
modified version of the farthest point seeding strategy
streamline placement is presented. The main advantage
compared to the original method is the use of a simple easy
to implement underlying data structure. The Delaunay triangulation
used in the original algorithm is heavy and susceptible
to the calculation robustness errors. The distances
between lines and the localization of the biggest void in
the domain are approximated using the Delaunay triangulation.
This paper presents an adaptive distance grid
to model the visualization domain and incorporate anywhere
the local distance to all the other streamlines and
the boundaries exactly without any approximation. The
streamlines are started at the farthest point from all the existing
ones and the domain boundaries. The localization
of the seed point position is directly accessible via the distance
adaptive grid. The grid update is direct too, and is
done by a greedy algorithm avoiding any additional cost.
The obtained results are sufficient, and the extension to
multi-resolution is straight and simple.
Application of the Craig-Bampton model order
reduction method to a composite structure:
MACco, COMAC, COMAC-S and eCOMAC
Authors: Fuentes Humberto Peredo , Zehn Manfred 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The Craig-Bampton model order reduction (CBMOR)
method based on the Rayleigh-Ritz approach was
applied in a previous work to simulate dynamic behavior
of a composite structure (CFRP) using the modal assurance
criteria (MAC) and cross orthogonality (XOR) to validate
the correlation. Different coordinate modal assurance
criteria are applied to complement and verify the eigenfrequencies
and eigenvectors obtained of the full and reduced
models using substructures (super-elements). An
improvement is observed per paired mode-sensor with the
MAC per coordinates criterion (MACco) in a CFRP once the
stiffness parameters are updated in the full model applying
a mix-numerical experimental technique (MNET) using
a design of experiments (DOE). The coordinate modal
assurance criteria (COMAC) and the scaleCOMAC (COMACS)
results of the full models display the best results respect
to the reduced model. Furthermore, slight improvement
of the enhanced COMAC (eCOMAC) results are observed
in the reduced model despite having lower MAC
performance. This approach complements the results of
the previous work using several COMAC techniques, and
demostrates the feasibility to achieve low COMACs results
in the reduced finite element model once the stiffness parameters
of the full element model are updated. The example
was prepared and solved with MSC/NASTRAN SOL103
and SDTools-MATLAB for comparative purposes.
Wavelet analysis of low-frequency variability in oak tree-ring chronologies from east Central Europe
Authors: Sen Asok K. , Kern Zoltán 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study investigates the low-frequency (interannual and longer period) variability in three hydroclimatic records from east Central Europe. Two of these records consist of climate proxies derived from oak-tree rings in Bakta forest, and Balaton Highlands in Hungary, for the time interval 1783-2003. The third record consists of homogenized instrumental precipitation data from Budapest, Hungary, from 1842 to 2003. Using wavelet analysis, the three time series are analyzed and compared with one another. It is found that all three time series exhibit strong interannual variability at the 2-4 years timescales, and these variations occur intermittently throughout the length of each record. Significant variability is also observed in all the records at decadal timescales, but these variations persist for only two to three cycles. Wavelet coherence among the various time series is used to explore their time-varying correlation. The results reveal significant coherence at the 2-4 years band. At these timescales, the climatic variations are correlated to the tree-ring signal over different time intervals with changing phase. Increased (decreased) contribution of large-scale stratiform precipitation offers a potential explanation for enhanced (faded) coherence at the interannual timescale. Strong coherence was also observed occasionally at decadal timescales, however these coherences did not appear uniformly. These results reinforce the earlier assertion that neither the strength nor the rank of the similarity of the local hydroclimate signals is stable throughout the past two centuries.
ANFIS-Based Resource Mapping for Query Processing in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
Authors: Shivappa Nagesha , Manvi Sunilkumar S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) are usually resource constrained, and where the sensor nodes have limited bandwidth, energy, processing power, and memory. Hence, resource mapping is required in a WMSN, which is based on user linguistic quality of service (QoS) requirements and available resources to offer better communication services. This paper proposes an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)-based resource mapping for video communications in WMSNs. Each sensor node is equipped with ANFIS, which employs three inputs (user QoS request, available node energy, and available node bandwidth) to predict the quality of the video output in terms of varying number of frames/second with either fixed or varying resolution. The sensor nodes periodically measure the available node energy and also the bandwidth. The spatial query processing in the proposed resource mapping works as follows. (i) The sink node receives the user query for some event. (ii) The sink node sends the query through an intermediate sensor node(s) and cluster head(s) in the path to an event node. A cluster head-based tree routing algorithm is used for routing. (iii) The query passes through ANFIS of intermediate sensor nodes and cluster heads, where each node predicts the quality of the video output. (iv) The event node chooses the minimum quality among all cluster heads and intermediate nodes in the path and transmits the video output. The work is simulated in different network scenarios to test the performance in terms of predicted frames/second and frame format. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed resource mapping is the first work in the area of sensor networks. The trained ANFIS predicts the output video quality in terms of number of frames/second (or H.264 video format) accurately for the given input.