bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laterally Placed CDRA with Triangular Notches for Ultra Wideband Applications
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Dileep , Venkata Kiran Duggirala , Mukherjee Biswajeet 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn this paper, a Coaxial probe-fed Laterally placed Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (LCDRA) with symmetrical triangular notches is presented. The lateral surface of the Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA) is kept on the ground plane with its longitudinal axis parallel to the ground plane. LCDRA has a lower resonant frequency than the CDRA and it offers considerably wider impedance bandwidth than CDRA. Finally, two symmetrical triangular notches are introduced on the two edges of LCDRA which is perpendicular to the axis to further improve the impedance bandwidth. The proposed antenna offers a wide impedance bandwidth (
Combination technology of deep drawing and back-moulding for plastic/metal hybrid components
Authors: Hopmann Christian , Schild Julian , Wurzbacher Simon , Tekkaya A. Erman , Hess Sigrid 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The combined deep drawing and back-moulding process shows great potential to reduce manufacturing costs of plastic/metal hybrids for structural components. To achieve this, a new mould technology with the components of both forming technologies is developed. By closing the mould, the inserted metal sheet is first deep drawn, and when the mould is fully closed, it is further formed by melt pressure. It can be shown that the forming quality of the second forming step mainly depends on the packing pressure. For a controlled flow of the metal, a downholder is necessary. By adjusting the downholder, force on the thinning of the metal through forming can be controlled.
Transport phenomena in environmental engineering
Authors: Sander Aleksandra , Kardum Jasna Prlić , Matijašić Gordana , Žižek Krunoslav 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
A term transport phenomena arises as a second paradigm at the end of 1950s with high awareness that there was a strong need to improve the scoping of chemical engineering science. At that point, engineers became highly aware that it is extremely important to take step forward from pure empirical description and the concept of unit operations only to understand the specific process using phenomenological equations that rely on three elementary physical processes: momentum, energy and mass transport. This conceptual evolution of chemical engineering was first presented with a well-known book of R. Byron Bird, Warren E. Stewart and Edwin N. Lightfoot, Transport Phenomena, published in 1960 [1]. What transport phenomena are included in environmental engineering? It is hard to divide those phenomena through different engineering disciplines. The core is the same but the focus changes. Intention of the authors here is to present the transport phenomena that are omnipresent in treatment of various process streams. The focus in this chapter is made on the transport phenomena that permanently occur in mechanical macroprocesses of sedimentation and filtration for separation in solid–liquid particulate systems and on the phenomena of the flow through a fixed and a fluidized bed of particles that are immanent in separation processes in packed columns and in environmental catalysis. The fundamental phenomena for each thermal and equilibrium separation process technology are presented as well. Understanding and mathematical description of underlying transport phenomena result in scoping the separation processes in a way that ChEs should act worldwide.
Air pollution and public health: the challenges for Delhi, India
Authors: Sharma Arun Kumar , Baliyan Palak , Kumar Prashant 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMitigating the impact of pollution on human health worldwide is important to limit the morbidity and mortality arising from exposure to its effect. The level and type of pollutants vary in different urban and rural settings. Here, we explored the extent of air pollution and its impacts on human health in the megacity of Delhi (India) through a review of the published literature. The study aims at describing the extent of air pollution in Delhi, the magnitude of health problems due to air pollution and the risk relationship between air pollution and associated health effects. We found 234 published articles in the PubMed search. The search showed that the extent of air pollution in Delhi has been described by various researchers from about 1986 onwards. We synthesized the findings and discuss them at length with respect to reported values, their possible interpretations and any limitations of the methodology. The chemical composition of ambient air pollution is also discussed. Further, we discuss the magnitude of health problem with respect to chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), bronchial asthma and other illnesses. The results of the literature search showed that data has been collected in last 28 years on ambient air quality in Delhi, though it lacks a scientific continuity, consistency of locations and variations in parameters chosen for reporting. As a result, it is difficult to construct a spatiotemporal picture of the air pollution status in Delhi over time. The number of sites from where data have been collected varied widely across studies and methods used for data collection is also non-uniform. Even the parameters studied are varied, as some studies focused on particulate matter ≤10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and those ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), and others on suspended particulate matter (SPM) and respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM). Similarly, the locations of data collection have varied widely. Some of the sites were at busy traffic intersections, some on the terraces of offices and residential houses and others in university campuses or airports. As a result, the key question of the extent of pollution and its distribution across various parts of the city could be inferred. None of the studies or a combination of them could present a complete picture of the burden of diseases like COPD, bronchial asthma and other allergic conditions attributable to pollution in Delhi. Neither could it be established what fraction of the burden of the above diseases is attributable to ambient air pollution, given that other factors like tobacco smoke and indoor air pollution are also contributors to the causation of such diseases. In our discussion, we highlight the knowledge gaps and in the conclusion, we suggested what research can be undertaken to fill the these research gaps.
Die Frage nach der Frage
Authors: Röbel Marc 
Published: December 2017

AbstractUp to now, Paul Tillich’s approach to correlation has been perceived predominantly as a theological method, which is also suggested by his three-volume Systematic Theology. On the basis of Tillich’s Berlin lecture on ontology (1951), this article examines the philosophical side of the correlation. Behind his theologically oriented designation of the relationship between the questions of human existence on the one hand and the answers of revelatory religion on the other stands an independent philosophy of the question, which one can characterize as an existential-ontologically based art of questioning.
Effects of aerobic plus explosive power exercises on bone remodeling and bone mineral density in young men
Authors: Çay Veysi , Buyukyazi Gurbuz , Ulman Cevval , Taneli Fatma , Doğru Yeliz , Tıkız Hakan , Gümüşer Gül , Oran Arzu , Keskinoğlu Pembe 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to examine effects of aerobic jogging and explosive power exercises on body composition, maximal oxygen consumption (MaxVO2), bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turn-over markers: serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), C terminal telopeptide (CTx), Procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), in men aged between 20 and 40.

Materials and methods
Thirty seven healthy males were divided into exercise group (EG, n=19) and control group (CG, n=18). EG completed 10 weeks of outdoor aerobic (jogging at 60–70% maximal heart rate reserve starting from 20 min steadily increasing up to 28 min) and explosive power exercises (in 2–3 sets, with maximum repetitions lasting 15 s), 3 times per week. All measurements were taken before and after the exercise program. BMD was measured via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).

Results
Body mass index (p<0.001) significantly decreased; MaxVO2 (p<0.001), femur neck (p=0.036) and total score BMD significantly increased in EG (p=0.034). BAP and vitamin D increased in both groups (p<0.001).

Conclusion
Performing our outdoor exercise program in spring months might have an important role in the significant increase (9 vs. 22 ng/mL) in mean vitamin D level, which reached above the fracture risk level of 20 ng/mL.
Triplet Solvation Dynamics of Hydrogen Bonding Liquids in Confinement
Authors: Weigl Peter , Talluto Vincenzo , Walther Thomas , Blochowicz Thomas 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We have developed a flexible experimental setup to conduct triplet solvation dynamics (TSD) experiments. The setup is capable of exciting dyes at 355, 320 and 266 nm. Phosphorescence spectra can be recorded up to a 10 ns-resolution usually covering three decades using a grating spectrograph and a CCD camera. In this contribution, we describe the experimental setup as well as first investigations on water-alcohol mixtures, microemulsions and new dyes for TSD, i.e. naphthalene derivates, which take full advantage of this experimental method sensitive to the local environment of the dyes.
Fine-Scale Recombination Maps of Fungal Plant Pathogens Reveal Dynamic Recombination Landscapes and Intragenic Hotspots
Authors: Stukenbrock Eva H , Dutheil Julien Y 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Meiotic recombination is an important driver of evolution. Variability in the intensity of recombination across chromosomes can affect sequence composition, nucleotide variation, and rates of adaptation. In many organisms, recombination events are concentrated within short segments termed recombination hotspots. The variation in recombination rate and positions of recombination hotspot can be studied using population genomics data and statistical methods. In this study, we conducted population genomics analyses to address the evolution of recombination in two closely related fungal plant pathogens: the prominent wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici and a sister species infecting wild grasses Z. ardabiliae. We specifically addressed whether recombination landscapes, including hotspot positions, are conserved in the two recently diverged species and if recombination contributes to rapid evolution of pathogenicity traits. We conducted a detailed simulation analysis to assess the performance of methods of recombination rate estimation based on patterns of linkage disequilibrium, in particular in the context of high nucleotide diversity. Our analyses reveal overall high recombination rates, a lack of suppressed recombination in centromeres, and significantly lower recombination rates on chromosomes that are known to be accessory. The comparison of the recombination landscapes of the two species reveals a strong correlation of recombination rate at the megabase scale, but little correlation at smaller scales. The recombination landscapes in both pathogen species are dominated by frequent recombination hotspots across the genome including coding regions, suggesting a strong impact of recombination on gene evolution. A significant but small fraction of these hotspots colocalize between the two species, suggesting that hotspot dynamics contribute to the overall pattern of fast evolving recombination in these species.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Early Childhood Obesity
Authors: Isong Inyang A. , Rao Sowmya R. , Bind Marie-Abèle , Avendaño Mauricio , Kawachi Ichiro , Richmond Tracy K. 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVES:
The prevalence of childhood obesity is significantly higher among racial and/or ethnic minority children in the United States. It is unclear to what extent well-established obesity risk factors in infancy and preschool explain these disparities. Our objective was to decompose racial and/or ethnic disparities in children’s weight status according to contributing socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors.

METHODS:
We used nationally representative data from ∼10 700 children in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Birth Cohort who were followed from age 9 months through kindergarten entry. We assessed the contribution of socioeconomic factors and maternal, infancy, and early childhood obesity risk factors to racial and/or ethnic disparities in children’s BMI z scores by using Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analyses.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of risk factors varied significantly by race and/or ethnicity. African American children had the highest prevalence of risk factors, whereas Asian children had the lowest prevalence. The major contributor to the BMI z score gap was the rate of infant weight gain during the first 9 months of life, which was a strong predictor of BMI z score at kindergarten entry. The rate of infant weight gain accounted for between 14.9% and 70.5% of explained disparities between white children and their racial and/or ethnic minority peers. Gaps in socioeconomic status were another important contributor that explained disparities, especially those between white and Hispanic children. Early childhood risk factors, such as fruit and vegetable consumption and television viewing, played less important roles in explaining racial and/or ethnic differences in children’s BMI z scores.

CONCLUSIONS:
Differences in rapid infant weight gain contribute substantially to racial and/or ethnic disparities in obesity during early childhood. Interventions implemented early in life to target this risk factor could help curb widening racial and/or ethnic disparities in early childhood obesity.
KOMPOSISI, SEBARAN UKURAN DAN HUBUNGAN PANJANG-BERAT BEBERAPA JENIS IKAN PETEK (LEIOGNATHIDAE) DI TELUK JAKARTA
Authors: Triharyuni Setiya , Utama Andria Ansri , Zulfia Naila , Sulaiman Prio Suharsono 
Published: December 2017

Perairan Teluk Jakarta memiliki potensi perikanan tangkap bagi masyarakat daerah pesisir Jakarta. Berbagai jenis ikan tertangkap pada perairan ini. Ikan petek (Leiognathidae) di Teluk Jakarta merupakan salah satu jenis ikan demersal yang cukup banyak tertangkap. Keragaman jenisnya mencapai setengah dari jenis ikan petek diseluruh Indonesia. Selama penelitian telah ditemukan sebanyak tujuh jenis ikan petek dati tiga jenis genera, yaitu jenis L. splendens, L. equulus, S. ruconius, G. achlamys, L. fasciatus, L. decorus and L. bindus. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui pola pertumbuhan ikan petek di perairan Teluk Jakarta. Model yang digunakan adalah model linear regresi dengan menggunakan metode kemungkinan maksimum. Model ini digunakan untuk mendapatkan estimasi maksimum likelihood (MLEs) parameter pertumbuhan ikan petek. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat faktor koreksi bias yang diperlukan dalam mendapatkan parameter pertumbuhan ikan. Hasil perhitungan memperlihatkan pola pertumbuhan ikan jenis L. splendens, L. equulus, S. ruconius dan G. achlamys bersifat alometrik negatif, sedangkan jenis ikan L. decorus dan L. fasciatus bersifat alometrik positif. Perkiraan ukuran panjang ikan pertama tertangkap berada dibawah ukuran pertama matang gonad (Lc < Lm), kondisi ini mengindikasikan perikanan mengarah pada growth overfishing. Pony fish (Leiognathidae) one of dominated catches of fisheries in the Jakarta Bay. There is 7 species of pony fish found in the Jakarta Bay (about an half of total species of pony fishes in Indonesia), namely Leiognathus splendens, L. equulus, S. ruconius, G Achlamys, L. fasciatus, L. decorus and L. Bindus. This reseach aims to examine the growth pattern of pony fishes in Jakarta Bay. Linear regression models used to obtain maximum likelihood estimation (MLEs) fish growth parameters. This model showed that there is no bias correction factor needed in getting the growth parameters. The calculations show that the growth pattern of L. splendens, L. equulus, S. ruconius and G achlamys were negative alometric, while L. fasciatus and L. decorus were positive alometric. It also reveled that the length at first capture was smaller than length at first maturity which indicates growth overfishing of this fisheries
Increases in Acute Hepatitis C Virus Infection Related to a Growing Opioid Epidemic and Associated Injection Drug Use, United States, 2004 to 2014
Authors: Zibbell Jon E. , Asher Alice K. , Patel Rajiv C. , Kupronis Ben , Iqbal Kashif , Ward John W. , Holtzman Deborah 
Published: December 2017

Objectives. To compare US trends in rates of injection drug use (IDU), specifically opioid injection, with national trends in the incidence of acute HCV infection to assess whether these events correlated over time. Methods. We calculated the annual incidence rate and demographic and risk characteristics of reported cases of acute HCV infection using surveillance data from 2004 to 2014 and the annual percentage of admissions to substance use disorder treatment facilities reporting IDU for the same time period by type of drug injected and demographic characteristics. We then tested for trends. Results. The annual incidence rate of acute HCV infection increased more than 2-fold (from 0.3 to 0.7 cases/100 000) from 2004 to 2014, with significant increases among select demographic subgroups. Admissions for substance use disorder attributed to injection of heroin and prescription opioid analgesics increased significantly, with an almost 4-fold increase in prescription opioid analgesic injection. Significant increases in opioid injection mirrored those for reported cases of acute HCV infection among demographic subgroups. Conclusions. These findings strongly suggest that the national increase in acute HCV infection is related to the country’s opioid epidemic and associated increases in IDU.
Laboratory Modeling of Gravel-Packing Process in Horizontal Producing Intervals
Authors: Becker Thomas E. , Gardiner Nicholas H. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This paper shows the benefits of modeling a horizontal gravel-pack interval before attempting to install the gravel pack. Gravel-packing techniques for long horizontal well sections were evaluated with a laboratory model of a casing/borehole annulus. In the horizontal section modeled, permeability is sufficient to interfere with the transportation and distribution of pack sand from total depth to dogleg when positive differential pressure is maintained. The goal of this modeling experiment was to predict whether the formation's permeability at the sandface could be reduced enough to allow successful gravel packing without damaging the formation far beyond the sandface.
Gravel-packing technology is well established for near-vertical wells, with off-the-shelf equipment and textbook procedures readily available. The exceptionally long producing intervals in horizontal wells present a greater challenge for gravel packing, however. Interval permeability is, by design, continuous. This continuous permeability both enhances well productivity and allows increased wellbore fluid flow into reservoir rock. When the permeable formation absorbs the fluid energy necessary to evenly disperse pack sand throughout the section, sand bridging can result, restricting the flow before the pack sand is fully distributed across the entire interval.
The laboratory model simulates the axial flow of drilling and/or completion fluids through an annulus. The model has an impermeable confining wall (simulating the casing) and a permeable wall (simulating reservoir rock). Recently, it was used for testing the capacity of a drill-in fluid to reduce reservoir near-face permeability, and allow sand propagation throughout a long horizontal interval. Results obtained both in the laboratory and in subsequent field trials validate the use of a drill-in fluid in reducing near-sandface permeability. The procedure has been used successfully on multiple horizontal wells with typical horizontal section lengths of 1,000 to 2,500 ft. Plans are underway to continue the practice in additional wells.
The Gravity Drainage Mechanism
Authors: Klotz J. A. 
Published: December 2017

Richard H. Smith, general production superintendent for the Signal Oil and Gas Co., presented the eighth talk in the series on "Elements of Petroleum Production" at a recent meeting of the Pacific Technology Forum. Smith discussed the mechanism of gravity drainage as it affects production from petroleum reservoirs. Smith first defined gravity drainage as differential movement of oil and gas within an oil reservoir caused by density differences such that counterflow is achieved. He then discussed the balance between gravity forces and capillary forces that controls the counterflow of oil and gas in a gravity drainage system; and, on the basis of this discussion, presented an analysis of gravity drainage in oil reservoirs. Characteristics of 12 oil pools were presented to illustrate a method for determining whether or not gravity drainage was a major portion of the producing mechanism for each pool. He then presented methods for detecting gravity drainage early in the life of an oil pool and discussed briefly the necessity for detecting gravity drainage or a lack of gravity drainage before a gas injection program is begun:
One of the first field studies that indicated the presence of gravity drainage as a production mechanism was made by H. C. Miller, who studied such pools as Yates, Shuler-Jones and Oklahoma City. He noted that early in the life of these pools reservoir pressure declined rapidly, but that later in the life of the pools pressure declined only slowly although substantial quantities of oil continued to be produced. Miller concluded that this later production was the result of gravity drainage of oil into the wells.
O compartilhamento do conhecimento entre pesquisadores nacionais e internacionais do programa Ciência sem Fronteiras
Authors: De Almeida Paulo Henrique , Silva Helena Fátima Nunes , Queiroz Fernanda Cristina Barbosa Pereira 
Published: December 2017

O compartilhamento de conhecimento é processo fundamental para geração de novos saberes nas organizações e países. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as formas de compartilhamento de conhecimento estabelecidas entre pesquisadores do exterior e seus colaboradores no Brasil, participantes do Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras. É uma pesquisa mista e descritiva, que faz uso de um questionário on-line para a coleta de informações. Utiliza, especialmente, a análise fatorial para os dados obtidos mediante as questões fechadas e a análise de conteúdo para o tratamento das respostas subjetivas. Como resultado, observa-se que o compartilhamento se dá pelo diálogo em reuniões, seminários e elaboração de artigos, com influência de fatores individuais e coletivos, organizacionais e de diferenças culturais. O método utilizado mostrou-se adequado para sua replicação em outros grupos e programas de cooperação científica internacional.