bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Évaluation de l’efficacité du programme d’intervention Check and Connect1 à l’école primaire
Authors: Archambault Isabelle , Janosz Michel , Pascal Sophie , Lecoq Aurélie , Goulet Mélissa , Christenson Sandra L. 
Published: April 2017

La présente étude a pour but d’évaluer l’efficacité de l’adaptation québécoise du programme d’intervention Check and Connect tel qu’implanté sur une période de deux ans dans des conditions réelles auprès d’élèves ciblés du primaire (n = 216). À partir d’un devis expérimental randomisé, les élèves ciblés par le programme (n = 107) ont été comparés avant et après l’intervention aux élèves d’un groupe de contrôle (n = 109). Cet examen a permis d’évaluer les effets du programme chez les élèves y participant, sous l’angle 1) de leur adaptation scolaire, 2) des relations qu’ils entretiennent avec leurs parents et leurs enseignants, 3) de leur inadaptation psychosociale et 4) de leur assiduité et de leur réussite scolaire. Nos résultats indiquent que le programme Check and Connect a certains effets positifs sur l’adaptation scolaire et psychosociale des élèves à risque du primaire ainsi que sur le soutien et les relations que les élèves entretiennent avec leurs parents et leurs enseignants. Par contre, les effets du programme sont plus mitigés quant au retard en classe et au rendement dans les matières de base. Ces derniers résultats méritent cependant d’être mieux compris à la lumière des données d’implantation.
Quand « criminel un jour » ne rime pas avec « criminel toujours » : le désistement du crime de contrevenants québécois1
Authors: F.-Dufour Isabelle , Brassard Renée , Martel Joane 
Published: April 2017

L’étude des carrières criminelles a permis, jusqu’à présent, d’identifier les mécanismes qui conduisent un individu à commettre des crimes. Or s’il est connu que la grande majorité des contrevenants cessent un jour leurs activités criminelles (en référence à la courbe de la criminalité), ce n’est qu’au cours des dernières années que les chercheurs se sont intéressés à la dernière phase de ces carrières criminelles : soit le moment où elles se terminent. Si l’on connait un peu mieux comment les incarcérés et les probationnaires se désistent du crime, aucune étude portant sur le désistement du crime des sursitaires n’a pu être répertoriée. En outre, on retrouve dans la littérature trois principales théorisations du processus de désistement, mais aucune ne fait consensus. À partir des limites inhérentes aux théories existantes, cet article propose un nouvel angle conceptuel permettant d’appréhender le désistement du crime. Par la suite, il s’agit d’illustrer de quelle manière la confrontation de ce nouveau cadre conceptuel aux données qualitatives recueillies auprès de 29 sursitaires québécois permet de mettre en exergue trois processus distincts (le converti, le repentant et le rescapé) qui conduisent à l’arrêt des comportements criminels.
Perceptions de la transition vers la vie adulte d’adolescents et de jeunes adultes ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme
Authors: Arsenault Marie , Goupil Georgette , Poirier Nathalie 
Published: April 2017

La transition vers la vie adulte se révèle une étape cruciale pour les jeunes ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA). Douze jeunes hommes de 15 à 21 ans présentant un TSA sans déficience intellectuelle ont participé à une entrevue explorant leurs perceptions de divers domaines de vie associés à cette transition : l’emploi, les études postsecondaires, la gestion financière, le lieu de résidence, la vie de couple et la parentalité. Les résultats indiquent que les participants sont conscients des défis reliés à la vie adulte. Ils souhaitent poursuivre des études postsecondaires et obtenir un emploi. Les résultats soulèvent leurs craintes des effets du diagnostic sur les choix de vie, en particulier sur les relations de couple et la parentalité.
Perceptions du type d’élève, du cheminement anticipé, de l’attitude des enseignants à la maternelle, première, deuxième année et qualification des élèves à la fin du secondaire : diplomation ou décrochage ?
Authors: Leclerc Danielle , Potvin Pierre , Massé Line 
Published: April 2017

Cette étude vérifie les liens entre la perception d’enseignantes de leurs élèves à la maternelle (type d’élève, cheminement anticipé, attitude), la répétition de ces perceptions (maternelle, première, deuxième année) et la qualification de ces derniers à la fin du secondaire. Au total, 131 enseignantes (32 à la maternelle, 51 en première et 48 en deuxième année) ont participé à l’étude en 1992 et en 1996. L’échantillon longitudinal comprend 816 élèves qui, à la fin du secondaire, sont diplômés, en retard ou décrocheurs. Les mesures sont : la qualification à la fin du secondaire; le type d’élève; le cheminement anticipé; l’attitude de l’enseignant envers l’élève. Les résultats montrent que les élèves perçus par leur enseignante de maternelle comme attachants ou indifférents sont diplômés dans 74,2 % des cas, alors que ceux perçus comme préoccupants ou rejetés sont dans 64,0 % des cas non diplômés. Parmi les élèves dont le cheminement anticipé est sans difficulté, 73,4 % sont diplômés, tandis que 76,7 % de ceux dont le cheminement est pressenti avec difficultés sont sans diplôme (en retard ou décrocheur). Les attitudes des enseignantes de la maternelle sont plus favorables envers les élèves qui diplômeront qu’envers ceux qui seront en retard ou décrocheurs à la fin du secondaire. Les cheminements anticipés et l’attitude des enseignantes à la maternelle prédisent la qualification des élèves à la fin du secondaire. De plus, le nombre de fois qu’un élève est identifié en maternelle, en première ou en deuxième année comme attachant, préoccupant ou rejeté, que son cheminement est pressenti avec ou sans difficultés ou que les enseignantes présentent ou non une attitude favorable à son égard s’associe également à sa qualification. Ces résultats montrent qu’il est important d’accorder une attention particulière aux perceptions qu’ont les enseignants de leurs élèves et ce, dans le but de dépister et d’intervenir tôt dans le cheminement scolaire des élèves à risque.
Inter‐rater Reliability of Sonographic Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Measurements by Emergency Medicine Physicians
Authors: Oberfoell Stephanie , Murphy David , French Andrew , Trent Stacy , Richards David 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesTo compare the degree of agreement of sonographic optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurements by ultrasound fellowship–trained and resident emergency medicine (EM) physicians.MethodsTen ultrasound fellowship–trained EM attending physicians from multiple institutions and 51 resident EM physicians at a single residency were enrolled to measure the ONSD using a computerized ruler on five separate still‐frame sonograms of adult eyes that included the retrobulbar optic nerve. Descriptive and bivariate statistics for each ultrasound image were calculated to compare median ONSD measurements among groups. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to estimate the inter‐rater reliability.ResultsAlthough the median ONSD measurement of each image did not significantly differ between resident and ultrasound fellowship–trained EM physicians, we found greater variation in agreement of ONSD measurements by resident EM physicians (ICC 0.50; 95% confidence interval 0.25–0.89) than ultrasound fellowship–trained EM physicians (ICC 0.73; 95% confidence interval 0.44–0.96).ConclusionsAlthough both resident and ultrasound fellowship–trained EM physicians showed good inter‐rater reliability of ONSD measurements, variation in agreement among ultrasound fellowship–trained EM physicians may be as wide as 0.44, suggesting that even in skilled hands, ultrasound measurement of the ONSD may not be as dependable a screening tool for elevated intracranial pressure as previously suggested in the literature.
A Surface‐Reconstructed Bilayer Heterojunction Enables Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhu Xueliang , Li Mubai , Mo Kangwei , Yang Man , Li Sheng , Yang Yujie , Wang Huijie , Li Ruiming , Liu Yong , Lin Qianqian , Wang Zhiping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe efficiency of perovskite photovoltaics remains distant from their theoretical limits, primarily due to high photovoltage losses. Here a strategy is reported to minimize voltage losses by reconstructing the perovskite surface into a bilayer heterojunction (BLH) structure. Unlike conventional low‐dimensional capping layers, typically constrained to a few nanometers to prevent low fill factors, this methodology facilitates a more comprehensive reaction with surface defects, allowing a more substantial capping layer (≈50 nanometers) without compromising charge transport integrity. Time‐resolved microwave conductivity analysis indicates a significant reduction in trap density at the top region of the perovskite film, showing an order of magnitude lower than that of the pristine sample. Incorporating this BLH in inverted cells results in a remarkably low photovoltage deficit of 325 mV, leading to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.1% (25.72% certified). The encapsulated device maintains 94% of its original efficiency after 1200 h of maximum power point tracking under one sun illumination at 65 °C.
Sequential Self‐Polymerization of Phenolic Compounds with Alkanedithiol Linkers as a Surface‐Independent and Solvent‐Resistant Surface Functionalization Strategy
Authors: Lim Jiwon , Lee Meng‐Hsun , Ahn Abigail , Kim Jinsang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA sequential self‐polymerization of phenolic compounds combined with alkanedithiol (ADT) crosslinkers is developed as a versatile surface‐independent coating and functionalization strategy. The resulting copolymer takes advantage of the diverse binding modes of catechol and gallol and the conformal substrate contact facilitated by the flexible aliphatic chain of ADT. Moreover, Michael addition and thiyl radical addition reactions between ADT and phenolic compounds produce crosslinked resulting polymer films, rendering solvent resistance to the surface coating. This approach is successfully employed using phenolic monomers, including dopamine, 3,4‐dihydroxybenzylamine, 4‐ethylcatechol, levodopa, tannic acid, caffeic acid, and 3,4‐dihydroxybenzylaldehyde, to functionalize glass (ceramic), aluminum (metal), polyethylene (polymer), and Teflon surfaces. The resulting copolymer prepared with a trifunctional thiol crosslinker demonstrated solvent resistance in NaOH (aq.), DMSO, and chloroform, overcoming the stability issues typically encountered by conventional surface coating from polydopamine derivatives.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Sulfonylated 5‐Aroyl‐2‐Arylpyridines via Ruthenium‐Catalyzed and K2S2O8‐Mediated Domino Annulation of β‐Ketosulfones with DMF
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Yang Chi‐Ru , Chen Yeh‐Long 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRuthenium‐catalyzed and K2S2O8‐mediated synthesis of diverse sulfonylated 5‐aroyl‐2‐arylpyridines was developed through one‐pot stepwise annulation of two molecules of β‐ketosulfones and N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) under the sealed tube conditions. In the overall process, DMF acts as the synthon of one carbon and one imino moiety in the construction of pyridine skeleton via cascade formation of single (C−C/C−N) and double (C=C/C=N) bonds under refluxing DMF conditions. Plausible reaction mechanism is proposed and discussed.
Electronic Properties of Ultra‐Wide Bandgap BxAl1−xN Computed from First‐Principles Simulations
Authors: Milne Cody L. , Biswas Tathagata , Singh Arunima K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUltra‐wide bandgap (UWBG) materials such as AlN and BN hold great promise for future power electronics due to their exceptional properties. They exhibit large bandgaps, high breakdown fields, high thermal conductivity, and high mechanical strengths. AlN and BN have been extensively researched, however, their alloys, BxAl1−xN, are much less studied despite their ability to offer tunable properties by adjusting x. In this article, the electronic properties of 17 recently predicted ground states of BxAl1−xN in the x = 0 − 1 range are predicted using first‐principles density functional theory and many‐body perturbation theory within GW approximation. All the BxAl1−xN structures are found to be UWBG materials and have bandgaps that vary linearly from that of wurtzite‐phase (w) AlN (6.19 eV) to that of w‐BN (7.47 eV). The bandstructures of BxAl1−xN show that a direct‐to‐indirect bandgap crossover occurs near x = 0.25. Furthermore, it is found that BxAl1−xN alloys have much larger dielectric constants than the constituent bulk materials (AlN = 9.3 ɛ0 or BN = 7.3 ɛ0), with values reaching as high as 12.1 ɛ0. These alloys are found to exhibit large dielectric breakdown fields in the range 9–35 MV cm−1 with a linear dependence on x. This work provides the much needed advancement in the understanding of the properties of BxAl1−xN to aid their application in next‐generation devices.
Use of Direct‐Fed Microbes to Enhance Shrimp Resistance to a Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Strain Causing Early Morality Syndrome (EMS)
Authors: Kuhn David D. , Smith Stephen A. , Williams Robert C. , Galagarza Óscar A. , Thompson Meaghan , Drahos David J. , Stevens Ann M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEarly mortality syndrome (EMS) or acute hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome (AHPND) is an epizootic bacterial infection of shrimp that has had significant negative impact on the global shrimp aquaculture industry. This disease is largely attributed to pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus EMS strains (VP‐EMS). Application of probiotics was examined for control of pathogenic VP‐EMS infections in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) under laboratory‐scale conditions. Two probiotic products, a single strain (O14VRQ) of Bacillus subtilis and a blend (Plus10) of five strains of Bacillus from four different species (Bacillus amyloliquifaciens, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus brevis, and two distinct strains of Bacillus subtilis), were evaluated at various concentrations as feed additives (applied as a top coat on commercial feed) or dosed directly into the culture water. Two trials were conducted in which shrimp were fed either a control feed (no probiotics) or probiotic‐coated feed for 7 days prior to be being challenged with VP‐EMS. Shrimp were observed for clinical signs of disease and mortalities during the disease challenge study. These experiments demonstrated that while both Bacillus probiotic products were shown to significantly (p < 0.05) improve shrimp survival, the O14VRQ strain provided the most consistent protection across the trials in top‐coated feed. Overall, better efficacy was observed with probiotic‐coated feeds. Findings were directly and positively correlated with concentration for top‐coated and even more so for direct in‐tank applications. Collectively, these findings contribute to our understanding about how probiotic strains could be applied to enhance shrimp health in aquaculture.
Assessment of Adaptive Functioning and the Impact of Seizures in KBG Syndrome
Authors: Sarino Kathleen P. , Guo Lily , Yi Edward , Park Jiyeon , Kierzkowska Ola , Carter Drake , Marchi Elaine , Lyon Gholson J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to examine the adaptive functioning status and the impact of epileptic seizures on neurocognitive outcomes in KBG syndrome, a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by pathogenic variants in ANKRD11. A single clinician interviewed individuals and families with genetically confirmed cases of KBG syndrome. Trained professionals also conducted assessments using the Vineland–3 Adaptive Behavior Scales. The assessment covered the domains of communication, daily living skills, socialization, and maladaptive behaviors, and then compared individuals with and without epilepsy. Further comparisons were made with data from interviews and participants' medical records. Thirty‐nine individuals (22 males, 17 females) with KBG syndrome, confirmed through genetic analysis, were interviewed via videoconferencing, followed by Vineland–3 assessment by trained raters. Individuals with KBG syndrome came from 36 unique families spanning 11 countries. While the KBG cohort displayed lower overall adaptive behavior composite scores compared with the average population, several members displayed standard scores at or higher than average, as well as higher scores compared with those with the neurodevelopmental disorder Ogden syndrome. Within the KBG cohort, males consistently scored lower than females across all domains, but none of these categories reached statistical significance. While the group with epilepsy exhibited overall lower scores than the nonseizure group in every category, statistical significance was only reached in the written communication subdomain. Our research provides insights that can aid in epilepsy screening and inform assessment strategies for neurocognitive functioning in those with this condition. The cohort performed overall higher than expected, with outliers existing in both directions. Although our results suggest that seizures might influence the trajectory of KBG syndrome, the approaching but overall absence of statistical significance between study groups underscores the need for a more extensive cohort to discern subtle variations in functioning.
Modifications of Prenyl Side Chains in Natural Product Biosynthesis
Authors: Wang Huibin , Yang Yi , Abe Ikuro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in understanding the enzymatic machinery responsible for the modifications of prenyl side chains and elucidating their roles in natural product biosynthesis. This interest stems from the pivotal role such modifications play in shaping the structural and functional diversity of natural products, as well as from their potential applications to synthetic biology and drug discovery. In addition to contributing to the diversity and complexity of natural products, unique modifications of prenyl side chains are represented by several novel biosynthetic mechanisms. Representative unique examples of epoxidation, dehydrogenation, oxidation of methyl groups to carboxyl groups, unusual C−C bond cleavage and oxidative cyclization are summarized and discussed. By revealing the intriguing chemistry and enzymology behind these transformations, this comprehensive and comparative review will guide future efforts in the discovery, characterization and application of modifications of prenyl side chains in natural product biosynthesis.
Experimental and Computational Evidence of a Stable RNA G‐Triplex Structure at Physiological Temperature in the SARS‐CoV‐2 Genome
Authors: Campanile Marco , Improta Roberto , Esposito Luciana , Platella Chiara , Oliva Rosario , Del Vecchio Pompea , Winter Roland , Petraccone Luigi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRG1 is a quadruplex‐forming sequence in the SARS‐CoV‐2 genome proposed as possible therapeutic target for COVID‐19. We demonstrate that the dominant conformation of RG1 under physiological conditions differs from the parallel quadruplex previously assumed. Through comprehensive investigations employing CD, UV, NMR, DSC, gel electrophoresis, MD simulations, in silico spectroscopy and the use of truncated RG1 sequences, we have identified this stable conformation as an RNA G‐triplex composed of two G‐triads. We believe this previously unreported RNA structure could serve as a novel therapeutic target. Our findings open new avenues for further studies on the presence and biological role of RNA G‐triplexes in vivo.
Planar Tetracoordinate Silicon in Si3Cu3− Cluster
Authors: Yin Xiao‐han , Zeng Hong‐lin , Liu Xin‐bo , Xu Xi‐Ling , Xu Hong‐Guang , Merino Gabriel , Zheng Wei‐jun , Cui Zhong‐hua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhotoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations have identified the global minimum structure of the 16‐valence electron Si3Cu3− cluster, which features a planar tetracoordinate silicon (ptSi) in a rhombic arrangement. The Si3 and Cu3 triangles are interconnected by a Si2/Cu2 edge, forming an ordered chain‐like structure. Besides the conventional 2c–2e σ‐bond connecting Si3 and Cu3, the stability of this cluster is reinforced by a delocalized 3c–2e σ‐bond in Cu3 and a π‐bond in Si3. Our study provides experimental confirmation of a planar hypercoordinate heavier Group 14 element, opening possibilities for exploring similar structures in two‐dimensional materials.
Singlet Oxygen Photocatalytic Generation by Silanized TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Parrino Francesco , Gottuso Alessandro , Viganò Lorenzo , Mariani Pietro , Villa Irene , Cova Francesca , Callone Emanuela , Dirè Sandra , Palmisano Leonardo , Stredansky Matus , D'Arienzo Massimiliano 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA commercial TiO2 sample, used as received or hydrothermally treated to increase surface hydroxylation, has been functionalized by surface modification with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane. The anchoring of the silane has been characterized by means of FTIR and solid‐state NMR spectroscopies, and the grafting density was determined by thermogravimetric and N2 physisorption analyses. The silane moieties induce a partial decrease of the shielding of the valence electrons of the Ti ions at the surface, and a local modification of their crystal field, as demonstrated by XPS and UV/Vis spectroscopy, respectively. The changes in coordination and the produced oxygen vacancies result in the formation of Ti3+ defects localized in the sub‐surface region, as revealed by EPR spectroscopy. These paramagnetic centers are stabilized in the silanized samples, as the electron transfer to O2 is efficiently inhibited even under UV irradiation. However, the amount of Ti3+ centers appears to be correlated with the singlet oxygen (1O2) formation rate. Accordingly, epoxidation of limonene under UV light, chosen as a model photocatalytic reaction triggered by 1O2, occurred with higher selectivity when TiO2 was silanized and upon simultaneous NIR irradiation. These evidences suggest that in the silanized sample 1O2 may be generated through Förster‐type energy transfer from excited sub‐surface Ti3+ centers.
When Metal Complexes Evolve, and a Minor Species is the Most Active: the Case of Bis(Phenanthroline)Copper in the Catalysis of Glutathione Oxidation and Hydroxyl Radical Generation
Authors: Falcone Enrico , Vigna Vincenzo , Schueffl Hemma , Stellato Francesco , Vileno Bertrand , Bouraguba Merwan , Mazzone Gloria , Proux Olivier , Morante Silvia , Heffeter Petra , Sicilia Emilia , Faller Peter 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSeveral copper‐ligands, including 1,10‐phenanthroline (Phen), have been investigated for anticancer purposes based on their capacity to bind excess copper (Cu) in cancer tissues and form redox active complexes able to catalyse the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to oxidative stress and cell death. Glutathione (GSH) is a critical compound as it is highly concentrated intracellularly and can reduce and dissociate copper(II) from the ligand forming poorly redox‐active copper(I)‐thiolate clusters. Here we report that Cu‐Phen2 speciation evolves in physiologically relevant GSH concentrations. Experimental and computational experiments suggest that at pH 7.4 mostly copper(I)‐GSH clusters are formed, but a minor species of copper(I) bound to one Phen and forming ternary complexes with GSH (GS−Cu‐Phen) is the redox active species, oxidizing quite efficiently GSH to GSSG and forming HO⋅ radicals. This minor active species becomes more populated at lower pH, such as typical lysosomal pH 5, resulting in faster GSH oxidation and HO⋅ production. Consistently, cell culture studies showed lower toxicity of Cu‐Phen2 upon inhibition of lysosomal acidification. Overall, this study underscores that sub‐cellular localisation can considerably influence the speciation of Cu‐based drugs and that minor species can be the most redox‐ and biologically‐active.