bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Roles of leukemia inhibitory factor receptor in cancer
Authors: Ma Wei , Yan Haixu , Ma Haoyuan , Xu Zengyan , Dai Wei , Wu Yudan , Zhang Hongyan , Li Yanshu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLeukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR), in complex with glycoprotein 130 (gp130) as the receptor for leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), can bind to a variety of cytokines and subsequently activate a variety of signaling pathways, including Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. LIF, the most multifunctional cytokines of the interleukin‐6 family acts as both a growth factor and a growth inhibitor in different types of tumors. LIF/LIFR signaling regulates a broad array of tumor‐related processes including proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion. However, due to the activation of different signaling pathways, opposite regulatory effects are observed in certain tumor cells. Therefore, the role of LIFR in human cancers varies across different tumor and tissue, despite their recognized value in tumor treatment and prognosis observation is affirmed. Given its aberrant expression in numerous tumor cells and crucial regulatory function in tumorigenesis and progression, LIFR is considered as a promising targeted therapeutic agent. This review provides an overview of LIFR's initiating signaling pathway function as a cytokine receptor and summarize the current literature on the role of LIFR in cancer and its possible use in therapy.
Evaluation of sonographic and clinical measures in early versus late third trimester for birth weight prediction
Authors: Regev‐Sadeh Shira , Assaf Wisam , Zehavi Adi , Cohen Nadav , Lavie Ofer , Zilberlicht Ariel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the optimal timing for fetal weight estimation during the third trimester.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study involved fetal weight estimations from both early (28+0–36+6 weeks) and late (37+0 weeks and beyond) third trimester. These estimations were converted to predicted birth weights using the gestation‐adjusted projection formula. Birth weight predictions were compared with actual birth weights, to identify the most effective timing for weight prediction.ResultsThe study included 3549 cases, revealing mean percentage errors (MPE) of −3.69% for early sonographic assessments, −2.5% for late sonographic assessments, and −1.9% for late clinical assessments. A significant difference was found between early and late sonographic estimations (P < 0.001), whereas late sonographic and clinical assessments did not differ significantly (P = 0.771). Weight predictions for fetuses below the 10th and above the 90th centiles were less accurate than for those within the 10th–90th centiles (P < 0.001). In women with obesity, late clinical estimations were less precise (MPE of −5.85) compared with non‐obese women (MPE of −1.66, P < 0.001). For women with diabetes, early sonographic estimations were more accurate (MPE of −1.31) compared with non‐diabetic patients (MPE of −3.94, P < 0.001) though this difference did not persist later in pregnancy.ConclusionSonographic and clinical weight predictions in the late third trimester were more accurate than earlier third‐trimester sonographic assessments, hence continuous follow up and assessments closer to term are important. In women with diabetes, no adjustments in weight prediction methods are necessary. Accurately predicting birth weights for abnormally small or large fetuses remains challenging, indicating the need for improved screening and diagnostic strategies.
Neuromodulation in Small AnimalfMRI
Authors: Hsu Li‐Ming , Shih Yen‐Yu Ian 
Published: September 2024

The integration of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with advanced neuroscience technologies in experimental small animal models offers a unique path to interrogate the causal relationships between regional brain activity and brain‐wide network measures—a goal challenging to accomplish in human subjects. This review traces the historical development of the neuromodulation techniques commonly used in rodents, such as electrical deep brain stimulation, optogenetics, and chemogenetics, and focuses on their application with fMRI. We discuss their advantageousness roles in uncovering the signaling architecture within the brain and the methodological considerations necessary when conducting these experiments. By presenting several rodent‐based case studies, we aim to demonstrate the potential of the multimodal neuromodulation approach in shedding light on neurovascular coupling, the neural basis of brain network functions, and their connections to behaviors. Key findings highlight the cell‐type and circuit‐specific modulation of brain‐wide activity patterns and their behavioral correlates. We also discuss several future directions and feature the use of mediation and moderation analytical models beyond the intuitive evoked response mapping, to better leverage the rich information available in fMRI data with neuromodulation. Using fMRI alongside neuromodulation techniques provide insights into the mesoscopic (relating to the intermediate scale between single neurons and large‐scale brain networks) and macroscopic fMRI measures that correlate with specific neuronal events. This integration bridges the gap between different scales of neuroscience research, facilitating the exploration and testing of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at altering network‐mediated behaviors. In conclusion, the combination of fMRI with neuromodulation techniques provides crucial insights into mesoscopic and macroscopic brain dynamics, advancing our understanding of brain function in health and disease.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 1
Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide attenuated LPS‐induced intestinal inflammation of mice via the TLR4/JNK signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Zihao , Zeng Zhikun , Wang Lin , Xiong Bin , Zheng Baodong , Zhang Yi , Pan Lei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDDictyophora indusiata polysaccharide is an important bioactive component of D. indusiata, playing an important role in alleviating inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate the anti‐inflammatory effect and mechanism of D. indusiata polysaccharide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced intestinal inflammation in mice.RESULTSOur results indicated that D. indusiata polysaccharide ameliorated intestinal inflammation of mice by increasing the body weight, the number of goblet cells and decreasing inflammatory cell infiltration. In addition, D. indusiata polysaccharide significantly up‐regulated expression of ZO‐1, Occuldin mRNA, which were 2.55‐fold and 2.28‐fold higher than the LPS group, respectively. In particular, D. indusiata polysaccharide effectively inhibited the Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/ c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase (JNK) signalling pathway which was 0.34‐fold and 0.49‐fold of gene expression and 0.41‐fold and 0.39‐fold of protein expression in the LPS group, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study suggested that D. indusiata polysaccharide exerted anti‐inflammatory and intestinal protective effects by inhibiting the TLR4/JNK signaling pathway, which will provide a basis for the potential value of D. indusiata polysaccharide as prebiotics in food applications. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Cellular and Molecular Effects of Steroid Sex Hormones on the Vocal Folds: A Scoping Review
Authors: Pu Serena , Johnson Spencer , Martin Lily , Laitman Benjamin , Courey Mark 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveSteroid sex hormones (SSH) target cell nuclei to affect transcription. Although laryngeal tissue is theorized to be hormonally responsive, SSH receptor presence and cellular effects on the vocal folds are not well‐established. A scoping review of this literature might inform future research.Data SourcesMedline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched.Review MethodsThis review followed JBI and PRISMA‐ScR Guidelines. Two independent reviewers screened each title/abstract and full text according to eligibility criteria. Exclusion criteria included primary outcomes based on subjective interpretation and secondary effects on the vocal folds (e.g., voice).ResultsThree hundred and sixty one articles were screened at the title/abstract level, 83 at the full‐text level, and 32 met inclusion criteria. Fourteen studies were performed in humans and 15 in animals; 3 were review articles. In studies directly examining receptors (n = 17), estrogen receptors (ER) were found in 10 of 15 studies, progesterone receptors (PR) in 6/10, and androgen receptors (AR) in 6/9. When the effects of SSH on vocal folds were studied (n = 16), estrogen had effects in 10/13, progesterone in 3/3, and androgens in 4/5. ER and PR were mostly identified in epithelium and fibroblasts of lamina propria (LP) while AR was found in muscle, lamina propria, and epithelium.ConclusionsExisting evidence variably supports the presence of SSH receptors in vocal fold tissue; therefore, further clarification is needed. Estrogen and progesterone were most identified in mucosal tissue, where they decrease fibrosis and help maintain the epithelial barrier. Androgens appear to be pro‐fibrotic in epithelium and hypertrophic in muscle. Laryngoscope, 135:540–554, 2025
HDPE crystalline lamellae in composites involving pyrolytic carbon black: Effect on elastic modulus
Authors: Diby I. C. P. , Belkhiri N. , Nohair B. , Kazeruni M. , Ruiz E. , Kaliaguine S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn order to predict the mechanical behavior of particle reinforced polymer composites, it is crucial to study changes in polymer phase distribution upon interaction with the load in the undeformed state. In this work, HDPE composites reinforced with pyrolytic carbon black (rCBNF) particles, including some rCB modified by mild air oxidation (rCBF), which enabled the aggregation of residual chemisorbed rubber at the surface, examined in a previous work. The development of lamellar morphology induces conformational behaviors resulting from interactions fillers/polymer chains. These interactions cannot be determined by DSC alone but involve short‐range FTIR and Raman and long‐range XRD models. The Raman crystalline content of HDPE was significantly reduced by the presence rCBFs and N330, which varied with lamellar morphology. This process involves the displacement of crystalline lamellae into sublayers by nucleation and crystal growth, resulting in the release of linker molecules, limiting entanglement and improving the elastic properties of the amorphous phase. A significant amount of amorphous phase was produced with N330 and oxidized rCBFs, in which the carbon surface was free of residual rubber. Mechanical tensile tests showed an improvement in the elastic modulus of composites containing these fillers.Highlights
N330 and oxidized rCBFs have surface free of the residual rubber contained in rCBNF.
Significant reduction in the Raman crystallinity of HDPE with rCBF and N330.
Reduction varies with lamellar size through nucleation and crystal growth.
Strong release of the tie molecule improves the elastic modulus of HDPE/rCBF.
Improved mechanical tensile properties of HDPE/rCBF and HDPE/N330.
Shape memory, mechanical and thermomechanical property comparison in MWCNT and GnP modified Bi‐directional (plain) carbon fiber polymer composites
Authors: Gupta Ritesh , Tiwari Nilesh , Kumar Krishna , Pandel Upender 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe study presents a comparative analysis of MWCNT and GnP modified epoxy/bi‐directional (Plain) carbon fiber three‐phase shape memory hybrid composites (epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs) focusing on their mechanical, thermomechanical, and shape memory properties. Fabrication involves preparing nanostructure‐modified epoxy nanocomposites through ultrasonication followed by hand layup technique. The findings revealed that the modified epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs achieved their optimal performance at a 0.6 wt% concentration of nanostructure, with the tensile strength and modulus increasing by 63.62% and 28.30% for 0.6 wt% MWCNT composite and by 85.44% and 30.62% for 0.6 wt% GnP composite. In addition to the enhancement in tensile properties, improvements were also observed in flexural, ILSS, and thermal properties. These improvements can be attributed to the enhanced interfacial bonding between the polymer and fiber, as confirmed by morphological analysis of fractured tensile samples using FESEM. GnP‐modified epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs outperformed MWCNT ones due to GnP's sheet structure aligning parallel to the load and larger surface area facilitating enhanced interaction with the matrix. Despite polymer modification, the shape recovery ratio values remained high, with 98.99% for unmodified composite, 97.95% for 0.6 wt% MWCNT modified epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs, and 97.54% for 0.6 wt% GnP modified epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs, all exceeding 90%, indicating no compromise in performance.Highlights
0.6 wt% optimal nanoparticle concentration boosts composite properties.
GnP‐modified composites show superior properties increases over MWCNT.
Tensile, flexural, thermal gains and ILSS link to better bond, FESEM proves.
Recovery ratios over 90% in hybrid composites ensure peak performance.
Enhanced properties of polyethylene through in situ polymerization with siloxene‐supported vanadium‐based catalysts
Authors: Yan Xin , Zhou Yuying , Wu Hao , Liu Chen , Huang Chenghan , He Weiwei , Fang Liang , Zhang Hexin , Yang Jianming , Yoon KeunByoung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) inorganic fillers can significantly improve the properties of polyolefins and broaden their application areas. In this study, high‐performance polyethylene (PE)/siloxene nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization using layered siloxene‐supported vanadium (V)‐based catalysts. The siloxene‐supported V‐based catalysts have highly dispersed active sites and excellent catalytic performance for ethylene polymerization compared to VOCl3 catalysts. The catalytic activity of the siloxene‐supported V‐based catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene was significantly better than that of the VOCl3 catalysts at the same catalyst feed. During in situ polymerization, the layered siloxene fillers exhibited uniform dispersion in the PE matrix. Moreover, the addition of a very small amount (1.12 wt%) of siloxene filler significantly improved the thermal stability and mechanical performance of PE. Therefore, this study presents an effective method to fabricate PE with excellent properties.
Enhancing the Sensitivity of Quantum Fiber‐Optical Gyroscope via a Non‐Gaussian‐State Probe
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Xun , Zhang Rui , Zuo Yunlan , Kuang Le‐Man 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA theoretical scheme to enhance the sensitivity of a quantum fiber‐optical gyroscope (QFOG) via a non‐Gaussian‐state probe based on quadrature measurements of the optical field is proposed. The non‐Gaussian‐state probe utilizes the product state comprising a photon‐added coherent state (PACS) with photon excitations and a coherent state (CS). The sensitivity of the QFOG is studied and it is found that it can be significantly enhanced through increasing the photon excitations in the PACS probe. The influence of photon loss on the performance of QFOG is investigated and it is demonstrated that the PACS probe exhibits robust resistance to photon loss. Furthermore, the performance of the QFOG using the PACS probe against two Gaussian‐state probes: the CS probe and the squeezed state (SS) probe is compared and it is indicated that the PACS probe offers a significant advantage in terms of sensitivity, regardless of photon loss, under the constraint condition of the same total number of input photons. Particularly, it is found that the sensitivity of the PACS probe can be three orders of magnitude higher than that of two Gaussian‐state probes for certain values of the measured parameter. The capabilities of the non‐Gaussian state probe in enhancing the sensitivity and resisting photon loss can have a wide‐ranging impact on future high‐performance QFOGs.
Constructing river ethics: A new paradigm for the harmonious coexistence between humans and rivers
Authors: Li Guoying 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRiver ethics encompasses the values, moral principles, and behavioral norms that govern and regulate the relationship between humans and rivers. Constructing rivers ethics breaks through the traditional ethical dimension that is limited to interpersonal judgment and extends the moral relationship from solely between humans to between humans and river life. China's eco‐civilization drive elucidates that harmony between humans and rivers are the core concept of constructing river ethics. This paper discusses the values, foundation, moral principles, and behavioral norms of river ethics, and forms the theoretical framework of river ethics.
A Water‐Soluble Fluorescent Probe Derived from Pyridine‐2,6‐Dicarboxylic Acid: Synthesis, Interaction with Ions, and Two‐Photon Microscopy
Authors: Wei Zheng‐You , Ji Qi‐Lin , Qi Ya‐Nan , Song Liu‐Jun , Xiong Feng , He Jun‐Lin , Mao Li‐Shuang , Yu Guo‐Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTwo‐photon excited fluorescence is a process in which the excited fluorophore relaxes and emits fluorescence after two‐photon absorption. Combined with appropriate two‐photon fluorescent probes, two‐photon microscopy enables observation deep inside tissue without damage. Former reports showed that the two‐photon absorption cross sections of donor–acceptor (D–A) dipoles, as well as D‐π‐D and D–A–D quadrupoles can be strengthened by using strong D–A groups. In this study, a novel water‐soluble fluorescent probe with D‐π‐A structure containing pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxylic acid unit was synthesized. The maximum excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the probe in aqueous solution were 328 nm and 471 nm, respectively. The fluorescence emitted by the probe can be quenched by various metal cations. The pyridyl N and carboxyl O in the probe formed chelates with Cu2+, which resulted in a fluorescence quenching response, and showed a linear relationship between fluorescent intensity and Cu2+ concentration with wide linear range and low limit of detection. CCK‐8 tests showed the probe had no obvious toxicity to 4T1 cells in the range of 0.4–50 μmol L−1, and the cell survival rate was above 86 %. The probe had a large two‐photon absorption cross section ranging from 680 nm to 820 nm. The two‐photon absorption cross section reached 100 GM at 760 nm of excitation wavelength. By means of microscopic imaging of 4T1 cells stained with the probe, one‐photon fluorescence represented blue emission, while two‐photon fluorescence represented bright green emission. The probe was proved to have good cell permeability, and preferred to target nucleus, showing application potential in two‐photon fluorescence imaging technology.
2‐Ethenyl Imidazolium Salts: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation as Potential Chemotherapeutics
Authors: Hobbs Mahala S. , Chen Wei‐Yuan , Youngs Wiley J. , Ziegler Christopher J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs candidates for intravesical exfoliants to treat bladder cancer, we have prepared fourteen new imidazolium compounds substituted at the 2 position. These compounds were produced by use of the Knoevenagel reaction between a series of aryl aldehydes and 2‐methyl imidazolium salts. Two azolium systems were examined (benzimidazole and 4,5‐dichloroimidazole) and each of these heterocycles are substituted off the nitrogen atom positions with naphthalen‐2‐ylmethyl groups. NMR spectroscopy confirms formation of the carbon‐carbon double bond, and X‐ray crystallography confirmed that the alkenes adopt the E conformation. These new imidazolium salts were evaluated for their chemotherapeutic activity using the NCI‐60 Human Tumor Cell Line Screen, and we observed that the benzimidazolium systems were more toxic than the dichloroimidazolium systems, and that the methyl phenol ether or dimethyl aniline modified compounds showed the highest activities.
Genome‐wide association mapping reveals novel genes and genomic regions controlling root‐lesion nematode resistance in chickpea mini core collection
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Naik Yogesh Dashrath , Gautam Vedant , Sahu Sunanda , Valluri Vinod , Channale Sonal , Bhatt Jayant , Sharma Stuti , Ramakrishnan R. S. , Sharma Radheshyam , Kudapa Himabindu , Zwart Rebecca S. , Punnuri Somashekhar M. , Varshney Rajeev K. , Thudi Mahendar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRoot‐lesion nematodes (RLN) pose a significant threat to chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by damaging the root system and causing up to 25% economic losses due to reduced yield. Worldwide commercially grown chickpea varieties lack significant genetic resistance to RLN, necessitating the identification of genetic variants contributing to natural resistance. This study identifies genomic loci responsible for resistance to the RLN, Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, in chickpea by utilizing high‐quality single nucleotide polymorphisms from whole‐genome sequencing data of 202 chickpea accessions. Phenotypic evaluations of the genetically diverse set of chickpea accessions in India and Australia revealed a wide range of responses from resistant to susceptible. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) employing Fixed and Random Model Circulating Probability Unification (FarmCPU) and Bayesian‐Information and Linkage‐Disequilibrium Iteratively Nested Keyway (BLINK) models identified 44 marker‐trait associations distributed across all chromosomes except Ca1. Crucially, genomic regions on Ca2 and Ca5 consistently display significant associations across locations. Of 25 candidate genes identified, five genes were putatively involved in RLN resistance response (glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase, heat shock proteins, MYB‐like DNA‐binding protein, zinc finger FYVE protein and pathogenesis‐related thaumatin‐like protein). One notably identified gene (Ca_10016) presents four haplotypes, where haplotypes 1–3 confer moderate susceptibility, and haplotype 4 contributes to high susceptibility to RLN. This information provides potential targets for marker development to enhance breeding for RLN resistance in chickpea. Additionally, five potential resistant genotypes (ICC3512, ICC8855, ICC5337, ICC8950, and ICC6537) to P. thornei were identified based on their performance at a specific location. The study's significance lies in its comprehensive approach, integrating multiple‐location phenotypic evaluations, advanced GWAS models, and functional genomics to unravel the genetic basis of P. thornei resistance. The identified genomic regions, candidate genes, and haplotypes offer valuable insights for breeding strategies, paving the way for developing chickpea varieties resilient to P. thornei attack.
The Concept of Creativity (and Its Importance for Musical Expression)
Authors: Rimas Juozas , Rimas Jr Juozas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe concept of creativity; the importance of giftedness and inner motivation for creativity (Plato). The conditions for the emergence of creativity: openness to cultural experience and a need to pursue the meaningfulness of expression. Creative action is the return of experiences to the world (A. Šliogeris; Plato). Creative activity and creative attitude (E. Fromm). Creativity and self-expression; creative and possessive impulses (B. Russell). The importance for the artist of a rich inner life (S. Šalkauskis). Experience versus experiencing: experience is a semantic construct in which knowledge, abilities and so forth are accumulated in a whole which allows experiencing—that is, what is experienced here and now—to be realised. Aesthetic experiencing (M. C. Beardsley). The incomplete character of the work as a premise for a creative act (A. Maceina). The material as an obstacle (A. Maceina): the performer has to overcome not only the mental but also instrumental, opposition of the form. Freedom as the main condition for creative activity. The latent thinking of the artist as manifestation of the artist’s experience in their creative activity (S. Šalkauskis). The broader concept of freedom: to create one’s own life as an opportunity to project and transcend oneself (E. Mounier).