bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological perspectives on youth alcohol consumption in the Kuala Lumpur conurbation: a place-based study in Malaysia
Authors: Singh Sangeeta Kaur , Kaen Lee Voon , Hei Low Weng , Villiers-Tuthill Amanda , Allotey Pascale , Reidpath Daniel D. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Objective
The objectives of this study were to investigate the patterns of alcohol consumption and ecological factors influencing those patterns in the Klang Valley. The study focuses on youth from the Chinese, Indian and Malay ethnic groups in Malaysia, resident in urban and semi-urban areas of the Klang Valley.

Methods
Data were collected with a combination of interviews and self-administered questionnaires available in Bahasa Malaysia and English were adapted from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Youth Risk Behavior Survey. The study sample consisted of 326 respondents: 103 Malays, 111 Chinese and 112 Indians. There were 171 males and 155 females, with mean age of 20.56 and 20.59 years, respectively, were identified by convenience sampling in six sites.

Results
A combination of at least one family member and one friend who consumed alcohol was a significant driver of alcohol use: 80% in this category had tried alcohol; 55% were current drinkers; and 35% were binge drinkers. With at least one family member, the respective figures were 72%, 48%, and 30%; and with at least one friend, but no family pattern of consumption, the figures dropped to 64%, 42% and 26%, respectively. With respect to ethnicity, 72% of Chinese youth had tried alcohol or were current drinkers (49%). The figure was lower for Indian youth (47% and 37%, respectively) and Malay youth (15% and 9%, respectively). In the binge drinking category, however, the highest figures were from the Indian youth (31%) followed by Chinese youth (23%) and significantly less in Malay youth (5%). Alcohol consumption was consistently higher among males: 54% had tried alcohol, 44% were current drinkers, and 30% were binge drinkers, compared to 36%, 18% and 9% of female youth, respectively.

Conclusion
Family alcohol consumption patterns were most strongly associated with consumption patterns which varied across the three ethnic groups. Family education regarding family influence on youth’s alcohol consumption patterns is warranted.
On the Uniqueness of p-Best Approximation in Probabilistic Normed Spaces
Authors: Goudarzi H. R. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to present some basic as well as essential results involving the notion of p-Chebyshev sets in probabilistic normed spaces. In particular, we discuss the convexity of p-Chebyshev sets, decomposition of the space into its special subspaces, and we see a characterization of p-Chebyshev sets in quotient spaces.
Towards pervasive eye tracking
Authors: Kasneci Enkelejda 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The human gaze provides paramount cues for communication and interaction. Following this insight, gaze-based interfaces have been proposed for human-computer interaction (HCI) since the early 90s, with some believing that such interfaces will revolutionize the way we interact with our devices. Since then gaze-based HCI in stationary scenarios (e. g., desktop computing) has been rapidly maturing, and the production costs of mainstream eye trackers have been steadily decreasing. In consequence, a variety of new applications with the ambitious goal to apply eye tracking to dynamic, real-world HCI tasks and scenarios have emerged. This article gives an overview of the research conducted by the Perception Engineering Group at the University of Tübingen.
Altered thymocyte and T cell development in neonatal mice with hyperoxia-induced lung injury
Authors: Angusamy Sowmya , Mansour Tamer , Abdulmageed Mohammed , Han Rachel , Schutte Brian C. , LaPres John , Harkema Jack R. , Omar Said A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background:
The adaptive immune system of neonates is relatively underdeveloped. The thymus is an essential organ for adaptive T cell development and might be affected during the natural course of oxygen induced lung injury. The effect of prolonged hyperoxia on the thymus, thymocyte and T cell development, and its proliferation has not been studied extensively.

Methods:
Neonatal mice were exposed to 85% oxygen (hyperoxia) or room air (normoxia) up to 28 days. Flow cytometry using surface markers were used to assay for thymocyte development and proliferation.

Results:
Mice exposed to prolonged hyperoxia had evidence of lung injury associated alveolar simplification, a significantly lower mean weight, smaller thymic size, lower mean thymocyte count and higher percentage of apoptotic thymocytes. T cells subpopulation in the thymus showed a significant reduction in the count and proliferation of double positive and double negative T cells. There was a significant reduction in the count and proliferation of single positive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

Conclusions:
Prolonged hyperoxia in neonatal mice adversely affected thymic size, thymocyte count and altered the distribution of T cells sub-populations. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that prolonged hyperoxia causes defective development of T cells in the thymus.
Can Scientific and Technological Talent Aggregation Accelerate Economic Growth? An Empirical Study
Authors: Zhang Xionglin , Lü Wenjuan , Lin Feng 
Published: August 2017

AbstractScientific and technological talent has become one of the key elements to accelerate economic development all over the world. The internal mechanism of the promoting of economic growth by scientific and technological talent gathering has been analyzed using mathematical modeling methods based on two regional cases. Further the conclusion has been extended to multi-location application. The scientific and technological talent gathering index has been introduced in the application. The data used was accessed from China Population Statistics Yearbook, Science and Technology of China Statistical Yearbook and China Statistical Yearbook. The regional concentration index of scientific and technological talent in different regions has been calculated based on the data. Findings of the research affirmed the positive correlation between scientific and technological talent gathering and regional economic growth. Finally recommendations to promote regional scientific and technological talent aggregation have been proposed.
A Cooperative Mechanism Between China Post and Private Express Firm for Remote Area Express Market
Authors: Yang Ling , Zhang Juzhi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFocusing on the universal express service market, this paper introduces a cooperative mechanism between China Post and private express companies. To investigate whether this cooperative mechanism works, the authors develop a pricing model for the express service market in three different scenarios, i.e., China Post monopolizes the remote area market, competes with a private express company, and cooperatively provides service to the private company. Comparison between the three different scenarios shows that the proposed cooperative mechanism will benefit both firms. The authors also introduce a revenue sharing contract to coordinate the system, and investigate the optimal regulation price.
Adverse Selection Risk Early-Warning of Agricultural Insurance Towards Food Quality Safety — Illustrated by an example of vegetable sites in Shandong province
Authors: Zhang Dongling , Yang Zehui 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFrom the perspective of the agricultural food quality safety, for the adverse selection because of the asymmetric information in agricultural insurance, an analysis approach based on multi-classification discrete choice model is proposed. On the basis of building an agricultural food safety risk evaluation index system, applying the linguistic information processing method, the panel valuation data is aggregated to obtain the integrated evaluation values. An ordered logistic model is put forward, and the calculation analysis steps are given. This research is illustrated by an example of export vegetable sites in Shandong province. The research indicates that the quality safety is the new component of agricultural risk, and the effective risk analysis can be on guard against the adverse selection in agricultural insurance practice. As well the linguistic information can be effectively aggregated with less lost by this method, the classes of agricultural food quality risk are ordinal, and approach will promote the extension and application in agricultural insurance to crop farming.
Power of Moran’s I Test for Spatial Dependence in Panel Data Models with Time Varying Spatial Weights Matrices
Authors: Ou Bianling , Zhao Xin , Wang Mingxi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe spatial weights matrix is usually specified to be time invariant. However, when it are constructed with economic/socioeconomic distance, trade /demographic/climatic characteristics, these characteristics might be changing over time, and then the spatial weights matrix substantially varies over time. This paper focuses on power of Moran’s I test for spatial dependence in panel data models with where spatial weights matrices can be time varying (TV-Moran). Compared with Moran’s I test with time invariant spatial weights matrices (TI-Moran), the empirical power of TV-Moran test for spatial dependence are evaluated. Our extensive Monte Carlo simulation results indicate that Moran’s I test with misspecified time invariant spatial weights matrices is questionable; Instead, TV-Moran test has shown superiority in higher power, especially for cases with negative spatial correlation parameters and the large time dimension.
Linear Quadratic Nash Game of Stochastic Singular Time-Delay Systems with Multiple Decision Makers
Authors: Zhu Huainian , Zhang Guangyu , Zhang Chengke , Zhu Ying , Zhou Haiying 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper discusses linear quadratic Nash game of stochastic singular time-delay systems governed by Itô’s differential equation. Sufficient condition for the existence of Nash strategies is given by means of linear matrix inequality for the first time. Moreover, in order to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed theory, stochastic H2∕H∞control with multiple decision makers is discussed as an immediate application.
Crystal structure of di-μ-iodido-bis(6-(p-tolyl)-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2
N,N′)dicopper(I) — 2-(diphenylphosphoryl)benzoic acid (1/2), C36H29CuIN2O3P
Authors: Yang Shengyun , Yao Gang 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
C36H29CuIN2O3P, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.4713(3) Å, b = 11.8586(4) Å, c = 14.7597(5) Å, α = 93.5250(10)°, β = 90.61(10)°, γ = 108.99(10)°, V = 1563.71(9) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0279, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0688, T = 293 K.
On the determinants of the 2008 financial crisis: a Bayesian approach to the selection of groups and variables
Authors: Chen Ray-Bing , Chen Yi-Chi , Chu Chi-Hsiang , Lee Kuo-Jung 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe consider the determinants of the 2008 crisis and address two main forms of model uncertainty: the uncertainty in selecting theoretical groups and the uncertainty in selecting explanatory variables. We introduce Bayesian hierarchical formulation that allows for the joint treatment of group and variable selection using the Group-wise Gibbs sampler. Our group variable selection shows that pre-crisis financial policies and trade linkages play a particularly important role in explaining the severity of the crisis, alongside institutions, and within the selected groups we identify a broader set of variables correlated with the crisis, which in turn leads to an improvement in prediction performance. In the robustness analysis we also find that our results are not qualitatively changed on alternative measures of crisis intensity, different groupings of variables, or prior assumptions. We further argue that the established results in the literature may well be attributed to different prior choices used in the analysis.
Religiöse Symbole im öffentlichen Raum: Symbolwirkung als kollektive Intentionalität einer Deutungsgemeinschaft
Authors: Schlieter Jens 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungWie im Aufsatz anhand von Fallbeispielen gezeigt wird, bietet die geläufige Bestimmung des religiösen Symbols, die von der Präsenz des Symbolisierten im Symbol und der Ähnlichkeit beider ausgeht, keine Hilfe bei der Analyse des Prozesses, wie ein Symbol im öffentlichen Raum religiöse Bedeutung erhält. Im Anschluss an John R. Searle wird anhand buddhistischer Deutungen ikonischer Symbole in Europa die Argumentation verfolgt, dass Symbole erst durch die kollektive Intentionalität von Deutungsgemeinschaften zu sozialen Tatsachen werden, deren Wirkmacht darin besteht, dass eine Gemeinschaft Interaktionen mit den ikonischen Symbolen unter normativen Erwartungen beobachtet. Gegen Theorien der „agency“ der Dinge wird vertreten, dass die Funktion der Symbole nur über sprachliche Zuschreibungen, genauer, über deklarative Sprechakte, sichergestellt wird. Aus deskriptiver Sicht muss zudem die Herstellungsabsicht berücksichtigt werden, mit der die Symbole geschaffen wurden, während religiöse Deutungen über diese oft hinweggehen. In Konflikten, die durch differente Deutungen über das Artefakt als religiöses Symbol oder als Kunstobjekt entstehen, kann nicht mit Verweis auf den „Transzendenzbezug“ des Symbols argumentiert werden. Die Herstellungsabsicht einbeziehend, sind somit die von religiöser Seite eingeforderten Achtungserweise vor dem Objekt vielmehr als Achtungserweise gegenüber der kollektiven Intentionalität der entsprechenden Deutungsgemeinschaft zu thematisieren.
High-Temperature Erosion and its Mechanisms of Hastelloy X Superalloy under Hot Air Jet Conditions
Authors: Thirugnanasambantham K. G. , Natarajan Srinivasan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Hastelloy X is a nickel-based superalloy, widely used in high temperature applications such as aircraft and land-based turbines. This technical paper deals with the high temperature erosion mechanisms and the surface roughness of Hastelloy X. The erosion mechanism of the Hastelloy X was studied using hot air jet erosion experiments at 800°C with varying parameters, like angle of impingement and erodent velocity. Characterization of the eroded samples was done using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs and high-resolution universal tribometer to determine the erosion mechanisms and surface roughness values. SEM micrographs of eroded samples reveal that lip formation, cutting, and ploughing are the dominant erosion mechanisms of Hastelloy X at a 45° angle of impingement, whereas, at 90°, it is lip extrusion followed by flattening of lip and detachment of platelet.
Histone Hypervariants H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 Play Independent and Context-Specific Roles in Neuronal Activity-Induced Transcription ofArc/Arg3.1and Other Immediate Early Genes
Authors: Dunn Carissa J. , Sarkar Pushpita , Bailey Emma R. , Farris Shannon , Zhao Meilan , Ward James M. , Dudek Serena M. , Saha Ramendra N. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe histone variant H2A.Z is an essential and conserved regulator of eukaryotic gene transcription. However, the exact role of this histone in the transcriptional process remains perplexing. In vertebrates, H2A.Z has two hypervariants, H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2, that have almost identical sequences except for three amino acid residues. Due to such similarity, functional specificity of these hypervariants in neurobiological processes, if any, remain largely unknown. In this study with dissociated rat cortical neurons, we asked if H2A.Z hypervariants have distinct functions in regulating basal and activity-induced gene transcription. Hypervariant-specific RNAi and microarray analyses revealed that H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 regulate basal expression of largely nonoverlapping gene sets, including genes that code for several synaptic proteins. In response to neuronal activity, rapid transcription of our model geneArcis impaired by depletion of H2A.Z.2, but not H2A.Z.1. This impairment is partially rescued by codepletion of the H2A.Z chaperone, ANP32E. In contrast, under a different context (after 48 h of tetrodotoxin, TTX), rapid transcription ofArcis impaired by depletion of either hypervariant. Such context-dependent roles of H2A.Z hypervariants, as revealed by our multiplexed gene expression assays, are also evident with several other immediate early genes, where regulatory roles of these hypervariants vary from gene to gene under different conditions. Together, our data suggest that H2A.Z hypervariants have context-specific roles that complement each other to mediate activity-induced neuronal gene transcription.
Changes in the Excitability of Neocortical Neurons in a Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Are Not Specific to Corticospinal Neurons and Are Modulated by Advancing Disease
Authors: Kim Juhyun , Hughes Ethan G. , Shetty Ashwin S. , Arlotta Paola , Goff Loyal A. , Bergles Dwight E. , Brown Solange P. 
Published: August 2017

Cell type-specific changes in neuronal excitability have been proposed to contribute to the selective degeneration of corticospinal neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and to neocortical hyperexcitability, a prominent feature of both inherited and sporadic variants of the disease, but the mechanisms underlying selective loss of specific cell types in ALS are not known. We analyzed the physiological properties of distinct classes of cortical neurons in the motor cortex ofhSOD1G93Amice of both sexes and found that they all exhibit increases in intrinsic excitability that depend on disease stage. Targeted recordings andin vivocalcium imaging further revealed that neurons adapt their functional properties to normalize cortical excitability as the disease progresses. Although different neuron classes all exhibited increases in intrinsic excitability, transcriptional profiling indicated that the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are cell type specific. The increases in excitability in both excitatory and inhibitory cortical neurons show that selective dysfunction of neuronal cell types cannot account for the specific vulnerability of corticospinal motor neurons in ALS. Furthermore, the stage-dependent alterations in neuronal function highlight the ability of cortical circuits to adapt as disease progresses. These findings show that both disease stage and cell type must be considered when developing therapeutic strategies for treating ALS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIt is not known why certain classes of neurons preferentially die in different neurodegenerative diseases. It has been proposed that the enhanced excitability of affected neurons is a major contributor to their selective loss. We show using a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a disease in which corticospinal neurons exhibit selective vulnerability, that changes in excitability are not restricted to this neuronal class and that excitability does not increase monotonically with disease progression. Moreover, although all neuronal cell types tested exhibited abnormal functional properties, analysis of their gene expression demonstrated cell type-specific responses to the ALS-causing mutation. These findings suggest that therapies for ALS may need to be tailored for different cell types and stages of disease.
Intolerância religiosa: um estudo sobre os casos de intolerância ocorridos no Terreiro de Candomblé Ilê Asé Ibi Olú Fonnim e com seus integrantes na vida social
Authors: Reis Marcos Vinicius De Freitas 
Published: August 2017

O Brasil é um país laico, e não tem, consequentemente, uma religião oficial, mas, apesar da liberdade religiosa garantida por lei, a intolerância religiosa ainda é bastante presente na sociedade brasileira. No período colonial brasileiro, os negros africanos foram escravizados e obrigados a seguir o cristianismo católico, até então a religião oficial de Portugal, e assim tiveram suas culturas marginalizadas e encobertas. Essa intolerância perpassou até os dias atuais, e hoje é propagada através de ideologias sectaristas e proselitistas de alguns líderes religiosos que fomentam na sociedade, através de seguidores fundamentalistas, a violência física e simbólica, principalmente contra as religiões afro-brasileiras. O objetivo deste artigo é fazer um estudo sobre os casos de intolerância ocorridos no terreiro de candomblé Ilê Ase Ibi Olú Fonnim, no bairro dos Congós, em Macapá-Amapá, o qual foi escolhido por ser um dos mais antigos da cidade, pela importância e contribuição dos seus integrantes para o movimento afro-religioso no estado. Para tanto, far-se-á o uso de revisão bibliográfica, levantamento de dados na internet e pesquisa de campo qualitativa através de questionário aberto. Foram elaboradas dezoito questões, que foram aplicadas a quatro integrantes do terreiro, dentre eles o babalorixá Marcos Ribeiro; para a escolha dos entrevistados foi levado em consideração o tempo em que militam no candomblé para se entender o significado que eles atribuem à religião. A intolerância foi discutida através das representações sociais, como fonte causadora do estigma que, consequentemente, interfere na identidade individual.
The second to fourth digit ratio: a measure of hand grip strength?
Authors: Nanda Bijli , Samanta Prajna Paramita 
Published: August 2017

Background: The ratio of the lengths of the index and the ring finger (2D:4D ratio) is generally different between men and women. This has often been used as an indicator of the levels of prenatal androgen exposure. It has hence been suggested to have a role in many gender differences including performance in sports. Men generally outperform women in most physical abilities. However, reports in various studies have been inconclusive, depending upon the physical ability tested. Hand Grip Strength (HGS) is a good measure of overall strength of an individual. Hence, we decided to determine the relationship between 2D:4D and HGS of both hands in men and women.Methods: Scanned images of both hands of young volunteers were analysed and the 2D:4D ratio calculated. HGS was measured and results correlated with 2D:4D.Results: 2D:4D ratio of men was significantly less than of women for the right (p<0.001) and the left hand (p<0.001). HGS of men was significantly greater than that of women for the right (p<0.0001) and for the left hand (p<0.0001). 2D:4D ratio in men showed a weak but significant positive correlation with HGS of right(p<0.05) and left hand(p<0.05). A weak but significant positive correlation was also seen for the left hand in females. However, 2D:4D ratios did not show any significant correlation with HGS for the right hand in women.Conclusions: We conclude that 2D:4D ratio is a measure of Hand Grip Strength in men, but is not a robust measure of HGS in women.