bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptability and perceptions of end-users towards an online sports-health surveillance system
Authors: Barboza Saulo Delfino , Bolling Caroline Silveira , Nauta Joske , Mechelen Willem van , Verhagen Evert 
Published: October 2017

AimTo describe the acceptability and the perceptions of athletes and staff members (ie, end-users) towards an online sports-health surveillance system.MethodsA pilot study with a mixed-methods approach was pursued. Descriptive analysis was conducted to present the adherence of judo (n=34), swimming (n=21) and volleyball (n=14) athletes to an online registration of their sport exposure and any health complaints between April 2014 and January 2015. End-users’ perceptions towards the system were investigated qualitatively with semistructured interviews (n=21). Qualitative analysis was based on the constant comparative method using principles of the grounded theory.ResultsThe response rates of judo, swimming and volleyball athletes were 50% (SD 23), 61% (SD 27) and 56% (SD 25), respectively. Most athletes found it simple to register their sport exposure and health complaints online; however, personal communication was still preferred for this purpose. The system facilitated the communication between medical and trainer staff, who were able to identify in the system reports health complaints from athletes that were not necessarily communicated face-to-face. Therefore, staff members reported that they were able to intervene earlier to prevent minor health complaints from becoming severe health problems. However, staff members expected higher adherence of athletes to the online follow-ups, and athletes expected to receive feedback on their inputs to the system.ConclusionAn online system can be used in sporting settings complementary to regular strategies for monitoring athletes’ health. However, providing feedback on athletes’ inputs is important to maintain their adherence to such an online system.
Feasibility of a real-time self-monitoring device for sitting less and moving more: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Martin Anne , Adams Jacob M , Bunn Christopher , Gill Jason M R , Gray Cindy M , Hunt Kate , Maxwell Douglas J , van der Ploeg Hidde P , Wyke Sally , Mutrie Nanette 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesTime spent inactive and sedentary are both associated with poor health. Self-monitoring of walking, using pedometers for real-time feedback, is effective at increasing physical activity. This study evaluated the feasibility of a new pocket-worn sedentary time and physical activity real-time self-monitoring device (SitFIT).MethodsForty sedentary men were equally randomised into two intervention groups. For 4 weeks, one group received a SitFIT providing feedback on steps and time spent sedentary (lying/sitting); the other group received a SitFIT providing feedback on steps and time spent upright (standing/stepping). Change in sedentary time, standing time, stepping time and step count was assessed using activPAL monitors at baseline, 4-week follow-up (T1) and 12-week (T2) follow-up. Semistructured interviews were conducted after 4 and 12 weeks.ResultsThe SitFIT was reported as acceptable and usable and seen as a motivating tool to reduce sedentary time by both groups. On average, participants reduced their sedentary time by 7.8 minutes/day (95% CI −55.4 to 39.7) (T1) and by 8.2 minutes/day (95% CI −60.1 to 44.3) (T2). They increased standing time by 23.2 minutes/day (95% CI 4.0 to 42.5) (T1) and 16.2 minutes/day (95% CI −13.9 to 46.2) (T2). Stepping time was increased by 8.5 minutes/day (95% CI 0.9 to 16.0) (T1) and 9.0 minutes/day (95% CI 0.5 to 17.5) (T2). There were no between-group differences at either follow-up time points.ConclusionThe SitFIT was perceived as a useful tool for self-monitoring of sedentary time. It has potential as a real-time self-monitoring device to reduce sedentary and increase upright time.
Acute ischemic stroke with tandem lesions: technical endovascular management and clinical outcomes from the ESCAPE trial
Authors: Assis Zarina , Menon Bijoy K , Goyal Mayank , Demchuk Andrew M , Shankar Jai , Rempel Jeremy L , Roy Daniel , Poppe Alexander Y , Yang Victor , Lum Cheemun , Dowlatshahi Dar , Thornton John , Choe Hana , Burns Paul A , Frei Donald F , Baxter Blaise W , Hill Michael D 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundTandem occlusions of the extracranial carotid and intracranial carotid or middle cerebral artery have a particularly poor prognosis without treatment. Several management strategies have been used with no clear consensus recommendations. We examined subjects with tandem occlusions enrolled in the ESCAPE trial and their outcomes.MethodsData are from the ESCAPE trial. Additional data were sought on interventions for each subject.ResultsThere were 54 (17%) subjects with tandem extracranial and intracranial occlusions. Patients in the endovascular treatment arm (n=30) were more likely to be younger (median age 66 years, p<0.01), male (66.7%, p=0.03), diabetic, and without atrial fibrillation. Subjects with tandem occlusions were more likely to have intracranial internal carotid artery occlusions than M1 occlusions (p<0.01). Of the 30 intervention-arm subjects, 17 (57%) underwent emergency endovascular treatment of the extracranial disease, 10 subjects before and seven subjects after intracranial thrombectomy. Of the remaining 13 subjects, only four required staged carotid revascularization due to persistent severe carotid stenosis; four had cervical pseudo-occlusions with no residual stenosis after large distal carotid thrombus burden aspiration/retrieval. Outcomes were similar between subjects with and without tandem lesions. The use of antithrombotic agents after acute carotid artery stenting was variable but no symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage was seen in subjects who underwent emergency endovascular treatment of extracranial carotid artery.ConclusionsTandem occlusions occurred in one-sixth of patients and were treated highly variably within the ESCAPE trial. While outcomes were similar, the best method to treat the carotid artery in patients with tandem occlusion awaits further randomized data.Trial registration numberNCT01778335.
Infection rates in patients from five rheumatoid arthritis (RA) registries: contextualising an RA clinical trial programme
Authors: Yamanaka Hisashi , Askling Johan , Berglind Niklas , Franzen Stefan , Frisell Thomas , Garwood Christopher , Greenberg Jeffrey D , Ho Meilien , Holmqvist Marie , Novelli Horne Laura , Inoue Eisuke , Michaud Kaleb , Pappas Dimitrios A , Reed George , Symmons Deborah , Tanaka Eiichi , Tran Trung N , Verstappen Suzanne M M , Wesby-van Swaay Eveline , Nyberg Fredrik 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivePatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of serious infections. Comparing infection rates across RA populations is complicated by differences in background infection risk, population composition and study methodology. We measured infection rates from five RA registries globally, with the aim to contextualise infection rates from an RA clinical trials population.MethodsWe used data from Consortium of Rheumatology Research of North America (CORRONA) (USA), Swedish Rheumatology Quality of Care Register (Sweden), Norfolk Arthritis Register (UK), CORRONA International (multiple countries) and Institute of Rheumatology Rheumatoid Arthritis (Japan) and an RA clinical trial programme (fostamatinib). Within each registry, we analysed a main cohort of all patients with RA from January 2000 to last available data. Infection definitions were harmonised across registries. Sensitivity analyses to address potential confounding explored subcohorts defined by disease activity, treatment change and/or prior comorbidities and restriction by calendar time or follow-up. Rates of infections were estimated and standardised to the trial population for age/sex and, in one sensitivity analysis also, for Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score.ResultsOverall, age/sex-standardised rates of hospitalised infection were quite consistent across registries (range 1.14–1.62 per 100 patient-years). Higher and more consistent rates across registries and with the trial programme overall were seen when adding standardisation for HAQ score (registry range 1.86–2.18, trials rate 2.92) or restricting to a treatment initiation subcohort followed for 18 months (registry range 0.99–2.84, trials rate 2.74).ConclusionThis prospective, coordinated analysis of RA registries provided incidence rate estimates for infection events to contextualise infection rates from an RA clinical trial programme and demonstrated relative comparability of hospitalised infection rates across registries.
Repeat syphilis has a different immune response compared with initial syphilis: an analysis of biomarker kinetics in two cohorts
Authors: Kenyon Chris , Tsoumanis Achilleas , Osbak Kara , Van Esbroeck Marjan , Florence Eric , Crucitti Tania , Kestens Luc 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveWe aimed to asses if there are differences in the clinical presentation and immune response of repeat as compared with initial syphilis.MethodsProspective study: we prospectively recruited all patients with a new diagnosis of syphilis and tested their plasma for a range of cytochemokines and rapid plasma reagin (RPR) at baseline pretreatment and 6 months following therapy. Retrospective study: we compared RPR assay response kinetics between initial and repeat syphilis in persons attending our HIV/STI clinic from 1993 to 2016.ResultsProspective study: a total of 91 individuals, 36 with initial syphilis and 55 with repeat syphilis, were included in the study. At baseline visit, those with initial syphilis were more likely to be symptomatic and have higher levels of interleukin-10 than repeaters. At baseline, median RPR titres were higher in the repeat than the initial infection groups. Repeaters were less likely than those with initial infections to serorevert to a negative RPR and be serofast (<4-fold RPR titre decline) at 6 months.Retrospective study: syphilis was diagnosed in 1027/43 870 individuals tested. At diagnosis, repeaters had higher RPR titres and a stepwise increase in RPR titre with number of syphilis episodes. They had a different RPR test response kinetic: they were less likely to be serofast and to serorevert than initial syphilis at 6 and 12 months. No individuals with four or more previous episodes of syphilis seroreverted.ConclusionRepeat syphilis has a different clinical presentation and immunological response to initial infection.
T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Authors: Karčiauskas Kȩstutis , Panozzo Daniele , Peters Jörg 
Published: October 2017

T-junctions occur where surface strips start or terminate. This paper develops a new way to create smooth piecewise polynomial free-form spline surfaces from quad-meshes that include T-junctions. All mesh nodes are interpreted as control points of GT-splines, that is, geometrically smoothly joined piecewise polynomials. GT-splines are akin to and compatible with B-splines and cover simple T-junctions by two polynomial pieces of degree bi-4 and more complex ones by four such patches. They complement multi-sided surface constructions in generating free-form surfaces with adaptive layout.
Since GT-splines do not require a global coordination of knot intervals, GT-constructions are easy to deploy and can provide smooth surfaces with T-junctions where T-splines cannot have a smooth parameterization. GT-constructions display a uniform highlight linedistribution on input meshes where alternatives, such as Catmull-Clark subdivision, exhibit oscillations.
Rack1 maintains intestinal homeostasis by protecting the integrity of the epithelial barrier
Authors: Cheng Zhuan-Fen , Cartwright Christine A. 
Published: October 2017

Previously, we generated mouse models of Rack1 deficiency to identify key functions for Rack1 in regulating growth of intestinal epithelia: suppressing crypt cell proliferation and regeneration, promoting differentiation and apoptosis, and repressing development of neoplasia. However, other than low body weight, we did not detect an overt phenotype in mice constitutively deleted of Rack1 in intestinal epithelia ( vil-Cre: Rack1fl/fl mice), presumably because Rack1 was deleted in <10% of the total surface area of the epithelia. To assess the effect of Rack1 loss throughout the entire intestinal epithelia, we generated another mouse model of Rack1 deficiency, vil-Cre-ERT2: Rack1fl/fl. Within 5–10 days of the initial tamoxifen treatment, the mice lost over 20% of their body weight, developed severe diarrhea that for some was bloody, became critically ill, and died, if not euthanized. Necropsies revealed mildly distended, fluid-, gas-, and sometimes blood-filled loops of small and large bowel, inguinal lymphadenopathy, and thrombocytosis. Rack1 was deleted in nearly 100% of the epithelia in both the small intestine and colon when assessed by immunofluorescent or immunoblot analyses. Rack1 expression in other tissues and organs was not different than in control mice, indicating tissue specificity of the recombination. Histopathology revealed a patchy, erosive, hemorrhagic, inflammatory enterocolitis with denuded, sloughed off surface epithelium, and crypt hyperplasia. These results suggest a protective function for Rack1 in maintaining the integrity of intestinal epithelia and for survival. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our findings reveal a novel function for Rack1 in maintaining intestinal homeostasis by protecting the epithelial barrier. Rack1 loss results in a patchy, erosive, hemorrhagic, inflammatory enterocolitis, which resembles that of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in humans. Understanding mechanisms that protect barrier function in normal intestine and how loss of that protection contributes to the pathogenesis of IBD could lead to improved therapies for these and other erosive diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Glutamine Addiction in Kidney Cancer Suppresses Oxidative Stress and Can Be Exploited for Real-Time Imaging
Authors: Abu Aboud Omran , Habib Samy L. , Trott Josephine , Stewart Benjamin , Liang Sitai , Chaudhari Abhijit J. , Sutcliffe Julie , Weiss Robert H. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Many cancers appear to activate intrinsic antioxidant systems as a means to counteract oxidative stress. Some cancers, such as clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), require exogenous glutamine for growth and exhibit reprogrammed glutamine metabolism, at least in part due to the glutathione pathway, an efficient cellular buffering system that counteracts reactive oxygen species and other oxidants. We show here that ccRCC xenograft tumors under the renal capsule exhibit enhanced oxidative stress compared with adjacent normal tissue and the contralateral kidney. Upon glutaminase inhibition with CB-839 or BPTES, the RCC cell lines SN12PM-6-1 (SN12) and 786-O exhibited decreased survival and pronounced apoptosis associated with a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio, augmented nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2, and increased 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA damage. SN12 tumor xenografts showed decreased growth when treated with CB-839. Furthermore, PET imaging confirmed that ccRCC tumors exhibited increased tumoral uptake of 18F-(2S,4R)4-fluoroglutamine compared with the kidney in the orthotopic mouse model. This technique can be utilized to follow changes in ccRCC metabolism in vivo. Further development of these paradigms will lead to new treatment options with glutaminase inhibitors and the utility of PET to identify and manage patients with ccRCC who are likely to respond to glutaminase inhibitors in the clinic. Cancer Res; 77(23); 6746–58. ©2017 AACR.
DDB2 Is a Novel Regulator of Wnt Signaling in Colon Cancer
Authors: Huang Shuo , Fantini Damiano , Merrill Bradley J. , Bagchi Srilata , Guzman Grace , Raychaudhuri Pradip 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Deregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway drives the development of colorectal cancer, but understanding of this pathway remains incomplete. Here, we report that the damage-specific DNA-binding protein DDB2 is critical for β-catenin–mediated activation of RNF43, which restricts Wnt signaling by removing Wnt receptors from the cell surface. Reduced expression of DDB2 and RNF43 was observed in human hyperplastic colonic foci. DDB2 recruited EZH2 and β-catenin at an upstream site in the Rnf43 gene, enabling functional interaction with distant TCF4/β-catenin–binding sites in the intron of Rnf43. This novel activity of DDB2 was required for RNF43 function as a negative feedback regulator of Wnt signaling. Mice genetically deficient in DDB2 exhibited increased susceptibility to colon tumor development in a manner associated with higher abundance of the Wnt receptor–expressing cells and greater activation of the downstream Wnt pathway. Our results identify DDB2 as both a partner and regulator of Wnt signaling, with an important role in suppressing colon cancer development. Cancer Res; 77(23); 6562–75. ©2017 AACR.
Divergent Activity of the Pseudogene PTENP1 in ER-Positive and Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Yndestad Synnøve , Austreid Eilin , Skaftnesmo Kai Ove , Lønning Per Eystein , Eikesdal Hans Petter 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Transcripts derived from the PTEN pseudogene (PTENP1) function as decoys to adsorb miRNAs targeting the PTEN tumor suppressor for degradation, and PTENP1 upregulation is known to inhibit growth in preclinical cancer models. Here, PTENP1 3′UTR transduction influences PTEN, AKT/mTOR signaling, and tumor progression in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and -negative breast cancer cells. PTENP1 upregulation decreases PTEN gene expression in the ER-positive MCF7 and T47D human breast carcinoma cells and accelerates MCF7 tumor growth in vivo. Of note, PTENP1 transduction significantly decreases ERα (ESR1) mRNA and protein levels in MCF7 xenografts with a concomitant increase in hsa-miR-26a, a miRNA known to target ESR1. In the ER-negative MDA-MB-231 and C3HBA breast cancer cells, upregulation of PTENP1 increases PTEN gene expression with no influence on hsa-miR-26a, ESR1, or ERα expression. While PTENP1 transduction did not influence the growth rate of human MDA-MB-231 xenografts, PTENP1 upregulation profoundly reduces its metastatic propensity. Furthermore, PTENP1 significantly inhibits the growth rate of ER-negative C3HBA murine breast cancer xenografts. PTENP1 transduction had no influence on doxorubicin cytotoxicity in ER-positive MCF7 cells but an increase in doxorubicin sensitivity was observed in the ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. In summary, while PTENP1 upregulation decreased PTEN transcript levels and stimulated the growth of ER-positive breast cancers, increased PTEN transcript levels and inhibited tumor progression was observed in the ER-negative cells.
Implications: This report highlights the profound biological activity of PTENP1 in breast cancer, which is dictated by the hormone receptor status. Mol Cancer Res; 16(1); 78–89. ©2017 AACR.
Presence, Characteristics, and Prognostic Associations of Carotid Plaque Among People Living With HIV
Authors: Janjua Sumbal A. , Staziaki Pedro V. , Szilveszter Balint , Takx Richard A.P. , Mayrhofer Thomas , Hennessy Orla , Emami Hamed A. , Park Jakob , Ivanov Alexander , Hallett Travis R. , Lu Michael T. , Romero Javier M. , Grinspoon Steven K. , Hoffmann Udo , Zanni Markella V. , Neilan Tomas G. 
Published: October 2017

Background—
Data from broad populations have established associations between incidental carotid plaque and vascular events. Among people living with HIV (PLWHIV), the risk of vascular events is increased; however, whether incidental carotid plaque is increased and there is an association between incidental carotid plaque, plaque characteristics, and vascular events among PLWHIV is unclear.

Methods and Results—

Data from the multi-institutional Research Patient Data Registry were used. Presence and characteristics (high-risk plaque, including spotty calcification and low attenuation) of carotid plaque by computerized tomography among PLWHIV without known vascular disease were described. Data were compared with uninfected controls similar in age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors, including diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and cigarette smoking to cases. Primary outcome was an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease event, and secondary outcome was ischemic stroke. Cohort consisted of 209 PLWHIV (45±10 years, 72% male) and 168 controls. Using computerized tomography, PLWHIV without vascular disease had higher rates of any carotid plaque (34% versus 25%;
P
=0.04), noncalcified (18% versus 5%;
P
<0.001) and high-risk plaque (25% versus 16%;
P
=0.03). Over a follow-up of 3 years, 19 atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events (9 strokes) occurred. Carotid plaque was independently associated with a 3-fold increase in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events among PLWHIV (hazard ratio, 2.91; confidence interval, 1.10–7.7,
P
=0.03) and a 4-fold increased risk of stroke (hazard ratio, 4.43; confidence interval, 1.17–16.70;
P
=0.02); high-risk plaque was associated with a 3-fold increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events and a 4-fold increased risk of stroke.

Conclusions—
There is an increase in incidental carotid plaque, noncalcified plaque, and high-risk plaque among PLWHIV, and the presence and characteristics of carotid plaque are associated with subsequent vascular events.
Improvement in Care and Outcomes for Emergency Medical Service–Transported Patients With ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) With and Without Prehospital Cardiac Arrest: A Mission: Lifeline STEMI Accelerator Study
Authors: Kragholm Kristian , Lu Di , Chiswell Karen , Al‐Khalidi Hussein R. , Roettig Mayme L. , Roe Matthew , Jollis James , Granger Christopher B. 
Published: October 2017

Background

Patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (
STEMI
) with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (
OHCA
) may benefit from direct transport to a percutaneous cardiac intervention (PCI) hospital but have previously been less likely to bypass local non‐
PCI
hospitals to go to a
PCI
center.

Methods and Results

We reported time trends in emergency medical service transport and care of patients with
STEMI
with and without
OHCA
included from 171
PCI
‐capable hospitals in 16
US
regions with participation in the Mission: Lifeline
STEMI
Accelerator program between July 1, 2012, and March 31, 2014. Time trends by quarter were assessed using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for hospital clustering. Of 13 189 emergency medical service–transported patients, 88.7% (N=11 703; 10.5%
OHCA
) were taken directly to
PCI
hospitals. Among 1486 transfer‐in patients, 21.7% had
OHCA
. Direct transport to a
PCI
center for
OHCA
increased from 74.7% (July 1, 2012) to 83.6% (March 31, 2014) (odds ratio per quarter, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.14), versus 89.0% to 91.0% for patients without
OHCA
(odds ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.99–1.07; interaction
P
=0.23). The proportion with prehospital
ECG
s increased for patients taken directly to
PCI
centers (53.9%–61.9% for those with
OHCA
versus 73.9%–81.9% for those without
OHCA
; interaction
P
=0.12). Of 997 patients with OHCA taken directly to
PCI
hospitals and treated with primary
PCI
, first medical contact‐to‐device times within the guideline‐recommended goal of ≤90 minutes were met for 34.5% on July 1, 2012, versus 41.8% on March 31, 2014 (51.6% and 56.1%, respectively, for 9352 counterparts without OHCA; interaction
P
=0.72).

Conclusions

Direct transport to
PCI
hospitals increased for patients with STEMI with and without
OHCA
during the 2012 to 2014 Mission: Lifeline
STEMI
Accelerator program. Proportions with prehospital
ECG
s and timely reperfusion increased for patients taken directly to
PCI
hospitals.