bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suffixed plurals in Baïnonk languages: Agreement patterns and diachronic development
Authors: Cobbinah Alexander Yao 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper re-evaluates hypotheses about the agreement behaviour of nouns using plural suffixes in the Baïnounk languages (Niger Congo/ Atlantic/ North Atlantic). Although these languages dispose of a large and complex prefixing noun class systems which are involved in expressing number distinctions, a subgroup of nouns uses a suffix for pluralisation. It is shown here that plural-suffixing nouns do not engage in the typologically rare process of phonological agreement copying as has been claimed previously. Instead, they are prefixed nouns, triggering alliterative agreement. Several scenarios about the origin and further development of the plural suffixes are presented. Synchronic data suggest that plural suffixes are older than the split of Nyun-Buy languages from a common ancestor. It is highly unlikely that it is borrowed from Mandinka, a regionally influential lingua franca which does not have noun classes. Instead, it seems plausible that plural suffixes have arisen through internal processes in which animacy and collective semantics have played a role. Potential candidates for a source morpheme for the plural suffix include a plural morpheme from the verbal domain or alternatively an associative plural. The role and impact of language contact and large scale borrowing on the extent of plural suffixation in the various Baïnounk languages is discussed.
On the intransitive usage of transitive verbs in Tooro, a Bantu language of Western Uganda
Authors: Kaji Shigeki 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn some Bantu languages of western Uganda, we find an interesting construction in which typical transitive verbs such as “to cut (a tree),” “to bend (a wire),” “to smoke (meat),” “to tear (paper),” “to open (a door),” etc., are used intransitively, without any additional suffixes such as passive and neuter. I call this construction the syntactically intransitive construction of transitive verbs, and illustrate it with examples from Tooro, a Bantu language of western Uganda. However, two important restrictions apply regarding the use of this construction. One is that among transitive verbs, only those causing a change of state that take human agents and inanimate objects may be used intransitively, with inanimate objects being promoted to the subject position. The second restriction is that this construction may only be used with the perfective ending -
The semantics of pluractionals and punctuals in Konso (Cushitic, Ethiopia)
Authors: Orkaydo Ongaye Oda , Mous Maarten 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEvent number is an important grammatical category in Konso in addition to nominal number. Event number has two main values, singular and plural, which can be expressed by two distinct verbal morphological processes, punctual and pluractional. The interpretation of a sentence in terms of event number is arrived at through an intricate interplay of lexical meaning, the core meaning of the number marking morphology and the separate system of aspect. Each verb has its intrinsic values for event number associated with its systematic lexical distinctions in terms of event number. Event number includes both event internal and event external situations. The meaning of the markers of singular and plural event number has a primary and a secondary value. There are several situations in which the primary meaning is excluded and the secondary meaning is the only possible interpretation. The pluractional is fully productive while the punctual is not productive and has interesting structural morphological restrictions.
Swahili coordinated infinitives and non-canonical case-marking
Authors: Riedel Kristina , de Vos Mark 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSwahili exhibits a construction where a tensed and an infinitival clause are coordinated. This is an example of “unbalanced” coordination insofar as one verb is tensed and the other is not. Furthermore, the licensing of an overt subject in the infinitival clause problematizes Case Theory because infinitival clauses do not assign nominative case. The construction is also puzzling because although it bears some characteristics of pseudo-coordination it also has properties reminiscent of true coordination. Despite the theoretical questions this raises, the construction has not been adequately addressed in the literature: to our knowledge, this paper presents the first-ever theoretical analysis of this construction. We argue that the conjuncts are at least coordinated AgrSPs (the subject agreement phrase) dominated by TP (the tense phrase) which licenses case-marked subjects in both conjuncts.
A Tool Kit for Discounted Cash Flow Valuation: Consistent and Inconsistent Ways to Value Risky Cash Flows
Authors: Schueler Andreas 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The DCF method or multiples are used to value companies in practice. Starting with the value additivity principle, the paper presents a general framework for DCF valuation. This framework allows defining stepwise and aggregated approaches to value risky cash flows and identifying inconsistent approaches. The framework helps to integrate sales, contribution margin, operating leverage, and financial leverage into valuation approaches and shows the assumptions implied when multiples are used.
A comparison of error estimates at a point and on a set when solving ill-posed problems
Authors: Tanana V. P. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The problem of correlating the error estimates at a point and on a correctness class is of interest to many mathematicians.
Since the desired solution to a real ill-posed problem is unique, the error estimate obtained on the class becomes crude.
In this paper, by assuming that an exact solution is a piecewise smooth function, we prove, for a special class of incorrect problems, that an error estimate at a point is an infinitely small quantity compared with an exact estimate on a correctness set.
Thermodynamic Analysis of TEG-TEC Device Including Influence of Thomson Effect
Authors: Feng Yuanli , Chen Lingen , Meng Fankai , Sun Fengrui 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA thermodynamic model of a thermoelectric cooler driven by thermoelectric generator (TEG-TEC) device is established considering Thomson effect. The performance is analyzed and optimized using numerical calculation based on non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory. The influence characteristics of Thomson effect on the optimal performance and variable selection are investigated by comparing the condition with and without Thomson effect. The results show that Thomson effect degrades the performance of TEG-TEC device, it decreases the cooling capacity by 27 %, decreases the coefficient of performance (COP) by 19 %, decreases the maximum cooling temperature difference by 11 % when the ratio of thermoelectric elements number is 0.6, the cold junction temperature of thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is 285 K and the hot junction temperature of thermoelectric generator (TEG) is 450 K. Thomson effect degrades the optimal performance of TEG-TEC device, it decreases the maximum cooling capacity by 28 % and decreases the maximum COP by 28 % under the same junction temperatures. Thomson effect narrows the optimal variable range and optimal working range. In the design of the devices, limited-number thermoelectric elements should be more allocated appropriately to TEG when consider Thomson effect. The results may provide some guidelines for the design of TEG-TEC devices.
Hyladelphys kalinowskiiin French Guiana: new observations and first notes on its nesting biology
Authors: Catzeflis Francois 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA series of 14 new observations ofHyladelphys kalinowskii(Didelphidae) provides novel natural history information about this rare Neotropical opossum, which appears to occur throughout French Guiana, from highly degraded forest patches of the littoral zone to large tracks of pristine primary forests in the interior. Six nests were found containing one to several individuals, including females with suckling young. It appears that the components (dry leaves, small twigs) of some nests are glued together with a whitish cement of unknown origin. Including previously reported records, a total of 18 individuals ofH. kalinowskiihave now been caught or observed in French Guiana. External and cranial measurements of five adult specimens are tabulated.
Can Universals be Wholly Located where Their Instances are Located?
Authors: Mahlan John Robert 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMany philosophers believe that there are both particulars and universals. Many of these philosophers, in turn, believe that universals areimmanent. On this view, universals are wholly located where their instances are located. Both Douglas Ehring and E.J. Lowe have argued that immanent universals do not exist on the grounds that nothing can be wholly located in multiple places simultaneously without contradiction. In this paper, I focus on Lowe’s argument, which has received far less attention in the literature. Using the theory of location found in Josh Parsons (2007), I show how Lowe’s argument against immanent universals can be resisted.
Crystal structure of 3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-2,3-dihydro-2-thioxoquinazolin-4(1H)-one, C12H15N3OS
Authors: Mao Xian-Jie , Yan Ling-Ling , Cai Hong-Xin , Wang Yuan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
C12H15N3OS, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.9840(18) Å, b = 11.331(3) Å, c = 14.428(3) Å, β = 105.702(4)°, V = 1256.5(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0639, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1293, T = 296K.
Crystal structure of 2,6-bis(3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)pyridine – 1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bromide (1/1), C23H22N13Br
Authors: Zhen Zhiqiang 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
C23H22N13Br, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.255(6) Å, b = 9.819(6) Å, c = 14.497(9) Å, α = 105.186(7)°, β = 90.030(7)°, γ = 102.228(7)°, V = 1240.3(13) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0434, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1116, T = 296(2) K.
Interaction of salicylic acid with zirconium diphosphate and its reactivity toward uranium (VI)
Authors: García-González Nidia , Ordoñez-Regil Eduardo , Almazán-Torres María Guadalupe , Simoni Eric 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The interaction of salicylic acid with zirconium diphosphate surface and its reactivity toward uranium (VI) was investigated. The interaction of salicylic acid with zirconium diphosphate was firstly studied using several analytical techniques including atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sorption of uranium (VI) onto surface-modified zirconium diphosphate was evaluated by the classical batch method at room temperature. This study showed that the uranium (VI) sorption onto zirconium diphosphate is influenced by the presence of salicylic acid. A fluorescence spectroscopy study revealed the presence of a uranyl specie onto the modified solid surface. The spectroscopy results were then used to restrain the modeling of experimental sorption data, which are interpreted in terms of a constant capacitance model using the FITEQL code. The results indicated that interaction between the uranium (VI) and the surface of zirconium diphosphate modified with salicylic acid leads to the formation of a ternary surface complex.
Role of central oxytocin and dopamine systems in nociception and their possible interactions: suggested hypotheses
Authors: Gamal-Eltrabily Mohammed , Manzano-García Alfredo 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Central oxytocin and dopamine have an important role in the process of nociception at the spinal level as well as supraspinal structures, e.g. anterior cingulate cortex, insular cortex, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and hypothalamus. Many studies have pointed out the importance of both systems in the pain descending modulatory system and in pain-related symptoms in some chronic disorders, e.g. Parkinson disease and fibromyalgia. The interaction between oxytocin and dopamine systems has been addressed in some motivational behaviors, e.g. maternal and sexual behaviors, pair bonding, and salience. In this aspect, we propose that an oxytocin-dopamine interaction could be present in nociception, and we also explain the possible hypotheses of such an interaction between these systems.
A Rational Study of the Origin and Generality of Anti-Enthalpy–Entropy Compensation (AEEC) Phenomenon
Authors: Pan Animesh , Mandal Bithika , Rakshit Animesh K. , Moulik Satya P. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn addition to enthalpy–entropy compensation (EEC), anti-enthalpy–entropy compensation (AEEC) phenomenon is also found in literature. The reports on the latter are limited, and analyses and justifications are so far unclear. Herein we present demonstration on the nature and possibility of the AEEC phenomenon. Although literature reports so far have mostly shown linear AEEC, we have found both linear and non-linear dependences. The non-linearity we consider arises from large “free energy window” (FEW) like EEC, recently presented and discussed. Attempts have been made to rationalize the observations in terms of solvation–desolvation phenomenon of the involved processes anticipated in previous studies. We have found that enthalpy and entropy of formation of gaseous and solid materials may also exhibit AEEC, it can be thus classified as a global phenomenon. In addition to AEEC, the phenomenon of no-enthalpy–entropy compensation (NEEC) is also reported. Thus, the phenomena EEC, AEEC and NEEC are thermodynamic puzzles that require close attention and analysis. With the help of wide range of physical chemical processes, an elaborate general understanding of the linear and non-linear AEEC phenomena has been attempted. The experimental data herein used are collected from literature reports, new measurements were not done. A variety of examples have supported possible generality of AEEC.
Positional Differences in GPS Outputs and Perceived Exertion During Soccer Training Games and Competition
Authors: Abbott Will , Brickley Gary , Smeeton Nicholas J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Abbott, W, Brickley, G, and Smeeton, NJ. Positional differences in GPS outputs and perceived exertion during soccer training games and competition. J Strength Cond Res 32(11): 3222–3231, 2018—Soccer training games are popular training modalities, allowing technical, tactical, and physical aspects to be trained simultaneously. Small (SSGs), medium (MSGs), and large training games (LSGs) elicit differing physical demands. To date, no research has investigated physical and perceived demands of training games on soccer playing positions relative to competitive demands. In addition, previous research has referenced average competitive intensities, ignoring peak demands of competition. The current aim was to investigate the effect of training game formats on average and peak physical outputs produced by soccer playing positions. Physical and perceptual data from 22 competitive matches and 39 training game sessions were collected for 46 U23 professional players using 10-Hz global positioning system (GPS) and 100-Hz accelerometer devices (MinimaxX version 4.0; Catapult Innovations, Melbourne, Australia). Data analyzed included GPS-derived distance, speed, acceleration, deceleration, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Two-way between-subjects analyses of variance were used to compare average and peak GPS metrics, and RPE, between training games and competition for playing positions. Despite eliciting significantly higher average total distances compared with competition (p < 0.01), LSGs produced significantly lower peak total distance relative to the competition (p < 0.01). For very high-speed running and sprinting, LSGs elicited similar average intensities to competition; however, peak intensities were significantly lower than competition (p < 0.01). Medium training games and LSGs produced significantly higher average and peak moderate-intensity explosive distances than competition (p < 0.01). Results indicate the importance of analyzing relative to peak competitive demands, instead of focusing solely on average demands. The study demonstrates that specific game formats can overload the competitive demands of playing positions and provide an individualized training stimulus.
Effects of Aerobic, Resistance, and Combined Exercise on Markers of Male Reproduction in Healthy Human Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Trial [RETRACTED]
Authors: Hajizadeh Maleki Behzad , Tartibian Bakhtyar , Chehrazi Mohammad 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Hajizadeh Maleki, B, Tartibian, B, and Chehrazi, M. Effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise on markers of male reproduction in healthy human subjects: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 33(4): 1130–1145, 2019—The effects of moderate intensity treadmill exercise training (MI), resistance training (RT), and combined treadmill + resistance training (CT) on markers of male reproductive function including seminal markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and semen quality and sperm DNA integrity were evaluated in healthy human subjects. A total of 376 healthy sedentary male volunteers (aged 25–40) were screened and 282 were randomized into 4 treatment groups: MI (n = 71), RT (n = 71), CT (n = 71), and nonexercise (NON-EX, n = 70) groups for an experimental period of 24 weeks. After the intervention, compared with the NON-EX group, all 3 MI, RT, and CT exercise modalities showed significantly reduced body mass, fat percent, waist circumference, reactive oxygen species, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α and improved maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max), progressive motility, sperm morphology, sperm concentration and sperm DNA integrity, as indicated by a decrease of percentage of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated fluorescein-dUTP nick end labeling–positive sperm cells (p ≤ 0.05). Body mass index, semen volume, number of spermatozoa, superoxide dismutase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, and 8-isoprostane improved significantly in the MI and CT groups (p ≤ 0.05) but not significantly in the RT group (p > 0.05). In summary, all 3 MI, RT, and CT interventions attenuate seminal markers of inflammation and oxidative stress and improve body composition, semen quality parameters, and sperm DNA integrity in the studied population. In respect to all the aspects studied, those men who took part in MI intervention had the best results. Considering the seminological parameters, however, CT had a synergistic effect and was superior over the other interventions used.
Reliability and Validity of Integrated External and Internal Load Ratios as Measures of Fitness in Academy Rugby Union Players
Authors: Taylor Richard J. , Sanders Dajo , Myers Tony , Akubat Ibrahim 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Taylor, RJ, Sanders, D, Myers, T, and Akubat, I. Reliability and validity of integrated external and internal load ratios as measures of fitness in academy rugby union players. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1723–1730, 2020—This study aimed to assess the relationships between integrated ratios of external and internal load measures and aerobic fitness in 3 different training exercise protocols. Twelve academy rugby union players (aged; 17.6 ± 0.44 years, height; 179.4 ± 6.3 cm, body mass 83.3 ± 9.7 kg) performed a lactate threshold/V̇o
2max test (LT/V̇o
2max) followed by 3 exercise protocols; 760 m continuous shuttle running (20 m shuttle run at 9 km·h−1), sprint interval training (SIT: 6 × 6 seconds sprint with 54 seconds recovery), and a small-sided game (SSG: 6 vs. 6, 10 minutes on a 39 × 51 m pitch) on 2 occasions. A LT/V̇o
2max test was used to determine velocity at lactate threshold (vLT) and at the onset of blood lactate accumulation (vOBLA), maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max) and the heart rate-blood lactate profile for the calculation of internal load (individualized training impulse or iTRIMP). The total distance (TD), PlayerLoad, metabolic power (MP), high-speed distance >15 km·h−1 (HSD), very high-speed distance >18 km·h−1 (VHSD) and individualized high-speed distance based on each player's vOBLA (iHSD) for the 3 exercise protocols were measured using Micro Electro Mechanical Systems/Global Positioning System technology. Bayesian analysis was used to assess the ratios validity and reliability. Ratios demonstrated large-to-very large associations with vOBLA (Rho = 0.64–0.76), vLT (Rho = 0.63–0.71). Reliability of the ratios ranged from 7.06 to 36.28% (coefficient of variation [CV]%). The results suggest that integrated load ratios from the SIT and SSG protocols provide a measure which is reliable with large-to-very large associations to submaximal aerobic fitness in rugby union.
Trunk Muscle Endurance in Individuals With and Without a History of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Werner David M. , Barrios Joaquin A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Werner, DM and Barrios, JA. Trunk muscle endurance in individuals with and without a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Strength Cond Res 35(1): 118–123, 2021—Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the most common knee injuries and often leads to surgery. Second injury after an ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is a major risk after rehabilitation, and may be linked to persistent postoperative deficits in muscular strength and endurance. Trunk muscle endurance has not been well studied after ACLR. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare trunk endurance using the established McGill testing battery in 20 individuals who had previously undergone ACLR at least 1 year before with 20 controls matched for sex frequency, limb dominance, age, body mass index, and activity level. Four static positional holds to failure were performed in random order, with time in seconds recorded as the primary dependent variable. Mann-Whitney U tests using an alpha level of 0.05 were conducted comparing hold times for all positions between groups. Effect sizes were also calculated between groups. Deficits in trunk extension endurance were observed in the surgical group. The results of this study suggest that contemporary rehabilitation schemes after ACLR do not fully address trunk endurance deficits. Health care professionals delivering postoperative rehabilitation after ACLR may consider direct assessment of trunk endurance and targeted exercise training to address potential deficits.
Keeping Pace with the Red Queen: Identifying the Genetic Basis of Susceptibility to Infectious Disease
Authors: MacPherson Ailene , Otto Sarah P , Nuismer Scott L 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe results of genome-wide association studies are known to be affected by epistasis and gene-by-environment interactions. Using a statistical model....Genome-wide association studies are widely used to identify “disease genes” conferring resistance/susceptibility to infectious diseases. Using a combination of mathematical models and simulations, we demonstrate that genetic interactions between hosts and parasites [genotype-by-genotype (G × G) interactions] can drastically affect the results of these association scans and hamper our ability to detect genetic variation in susceptibility. When hosts and parasites coevolve, these G × G interactions often make genome-wide association studies unrepeatable over time or across host populations. Reanalyzing previously published data on Daphnia magna susceptibility to infection by Pasteuria ramosa, we identify genomic regions consistent with G × G interactions. We conclude by outlining possible avenues for designing more powerful and more repeatable association studies.