bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy and helicity evolution in a flux emergence simulation
Authors: Moraitis K. , Archontis V. , Chouliaras G. 
Published: September 2024

Aims. The main aim of this work is to study the evolution of the recently introduced relative helicity of the magnetic polarity inversion line (PIL) in a magnetohydrodynamics simulation.
Methods. The simulation used is a typical flux emergence simulation in which there is additionally an oblique, pre-existing magnetic field. The interaction of the emerging and ambient fields produces intense coronal activity, with four jets standing out. The 3D magnetic field allows us to compute various energies and helicities, and to study their evolution during the simulation, especially around the identified jets. We examine the evolution of all quantities in three different regions: in the whole volume, in three separate subvolumes of the whole volume, and in a 2D region around the PIL on the photosphere.
Results. We find that the helicities are in general more responsive to the jets, followed by the free energy. The eruptivity index, the ratio of the current-carrying helicity to the relative helicity, does not show the typical behaviour it has in other cases, as its variations do not follow the production of the jets. By considering the subvolumes we find that the magnetic field gets more potential and less helical with height. The PIL relative helicity confirms the recent results it showed in observed active regions, exhibiting stronger variations during the jets compared to the standard relative helicity. Moreover, the current-carrying helicity around the PIL has a similar behaviour to the PIL relative helicity, and so this quantity could be equally useful in solar eruptivity studies.
Inference of black-hole mass fraction in Galactic globular clusters
Authors: Della Croce A. , Aros F. I. , Vesperini E. , Dalessandro E. , Lanzoni B. , Ferraro F. R. , Bhat B. 
Published: September 2024

Context. Globular clusters (GCs) are suggested to host many stellar-mass black holes (BHs) at their centers, thus resulting in ideal testbeds for BH formation and retention theories. BHs are expected to play a major role in GC structural and dynamical evolution and their study has attracted a lot of attention. In recent years, several works attempted to constrain the BH mass fraction in GCs typically by comparing a single observable (for example, mass segregation proxies) with scaling relations obtained from numerical simulations.
Aims. We aim to uncover the possible intrinsic degeneracies in determining the BH mass fraction from single dynamical parameters and identify the possible parameter combinations that are able to break these degeneracies.
Methods. We used a set of 101 Monte Carlo simulations sampling a large grid of initial conditions. In particular, we explored the impact of different BH natal kick prescriptions on widely adopted scaling relations. We then compared the results of our simulations with observations obtained using state-of-the-art HST photometric and astrometric catalogs for a sample of 30 Galactic GCs.
Results. We find that using a single observable to infer the present-day BH mass fraction in GCs is degenerate, as similar values could be attained by simulations including different BH mass fractions. We argue that the combination of mass-segregation indicators with GC velocity dispersion ratios could help us to break this degeneracy efficiently. We show that such a combination of parameters can be derived with currently available data. However, the limited sample of stars with accurate kinematic measures and its impact on the overall errors do not allow us to discern fully different scenarios yet.
Patients with Pulmonary Artery Reconstruction or Double Sleeve Resection Show Inferior Survival than Patients with Bronchial Sleeve Resection for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Herrmann Dominik , Gencheva-Bozhkova Plamena , Starova Urim , Luta Luiza Alexandra , Hamouri Shadi , Ewig Santiago , Oggiano Melanie , Hecker Erich , Scheubel Robert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSleeve lobectomy or resection with pulmonary artery reconstruction is a technique that allows for resection of locally advanced central lung carcinoma, preserving lung function, and is associated with lower morbidity and mortality than pneumonectomy. This survey aimed to assess the long-term survival comparing different types of sleeve lobectomy and identify risk factors affecting survival.All consecutive patients who underwent anatomical resection for primary non-small cell lung cancer with bronchial sleeve or pulmonary artery reconstruction in our department between September 2003 and September 2021 were included in this study. Cases with carinal sleeve pneumonectomy were excluded. Data were evaluated retrospectively.Bronchial sleeve resection was performed in 227 patients, double sleeve resection in 67 patients, and 45 cases underwent isolated lobectomy with pulmonary artery reconstruction. The mean follow-up was 33.5 months. The 5-year survival was 58.5% for patients after bronchial sleeve, 43.2% after double sleeve, and 36.8% after resection with vascular reconstruction. The difference in overall survival of these three groups was statistically significant (p = 0.012). However, the UICC stage was higher in cases with double sleeve resection or resection with vascular reconstruction (p = 0.016). Patients with lymph node metastases showed shorter overall survival (p = 0.033). The 5-year survival rate was 60.1% for patients with N0 and 47% for patients with N1 and N2 status. Induction therapy, vascular sleeve resection, and double sleeve resection were independent adverse predictors for overall survival in multivariate analysis.Sleeve lobectomy and resection with vascular reconstruction are safe procedures with good long-term survival. However, double sleeve resection and vascular sleeve resection were adverse predictors of survival, possibly due to a higher UICC stage in these patients.
Knowledge and Awareness of Pelvic Floor Disorders and Rehabilitation in Postpartum Women: An Observational Study
Authors: Mahishale Arati , Parikh Zankhana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background The prevalence of pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) is considerably high, yet, only a handful of women seek help as most of them accept it as a consequence of pregnancy, childbirth, and as a part of aging process. Pelvic floor physiotherapy is considered primary treatment for management of PFDs. Inadequate knowledge is a major obstacle in seeking appropriate treatment. The present study intends to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of PFDs and rehabilitation in postpartum women.
Methodology The study comprised of 316 postpartum women from a tertiary care center in Belagavi district. Data was collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire about PFDs and questions to assess awareness of pelvic floor physiotherapy.
Outcome Measures Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire which comprises of 42 questions, divided in 4 domains, about bladder, bowel, prolapse, and sexual function was used along with 6 self-designed questions about pelvic floor physiotherapy, to evaluate the knowledge of PFDs and rehabilitation.
Results The statistical analysis was done using the SPSS software version 26. The prevalence of PFDs was 63.6% with bladder component affected in 54.11%, bowel in 26.8%, prolapse symptoms in 2.21%, and sexual function in 22% postpartum women. They lacked knowledge regarding PFDs and rehabilitation with 84.4% considering the symptoms as normal and only 5.69% aware about pelvic floor physiotherapy.
Conclusion The study concludes that there is a high prevalence of PFDs and a substantial lack of knowledge and awareness regarding PFDs and its rehabilitation.
Comparing the Accuracy of Patient-Specific Guide and Universal Guide for Distal Femoral Osteotomy in Dogs
Authors: Cheon Jaeeon , Kang Jinsu , Kim Namsoo , Heo Suyoung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective To introduce a novel universal guide design for distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) to treat femoral deformities and other hindlimb orthopaedic diseases, and to compare its accuracy to the patient-specific guide in vitro and ex vivo on X-ray and computed tomography (CT).
Methods Thirteen anatomic specimens of canine femurs and 13 3D-printed femoral bone models were subjected to DFO using a patient-specific and a universal guide. The anatomical lateral distal femoral angle and anteversion angle were measured on radiographic and CT images before and after surgical procedure and used to compare the accuracy of the surgical guides in treating uniplanar or biplanar deformities. Bone models were used to compare the accuracy with ex vivo models.
Results The mean correction errors were −1.18° to 0.72° on X-ray and −1.91° to 0.53° on CT scan. The analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the mean error between the groups based on type of guide used, nor in the mean error between groups based on whether anteversion correction was performed based on both the CT and X-ray imaging data.
Conclusion Both the patient-specific and universal guides can produce accurate results in DFO surgery, and the universal guide shows potential as a useful surgical tool.
Priority rules for handling containers to improve energy consumption and terminal efficiency
Authors: Giulianetti Alessia , Sciomachen Anna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the optimization of the yard crane handling processes in a container terminal to reduce energy consumption and improve overall system performance. More precisely, the paper presents and evaluates different sequencing rules, based on predefined priorities, to organize the rail yard to minimize moves during the rail loading operations. The minimization of overall energy consumption and maximum tardiness are considered, simultaneously assessing these two components of the objective function to better understand how they interact and how they can be optimized together. As a novel issue in optimization, a hill climbing algorithm is implemented, searching for the yard configuration that most improves the efficiency of container handling while being able to integrate different management rules of the terminal. The reference case study is the PSA Pra terminal in Genoa, Italy. A full rail yard with known delivery times, and crane operating along a single stack, is the operative scenario. Random due time sequences are generated during test instances, while technical data of crane are used. Moreover, crane movements involve both loading and unloading along multiple axes. From the results, the best priority rules improve energy consumption and lateness of the initial configuration of the yard by up to 55%, thus allowing the terminal management to reorganize the storage areas accordingly and improve their efficiency. The proposed priority rules bridge the gap between theoretical optimization procedures and container terminal practices.
A review of a decade of scaffolding practices for learning in CLIL science classrooms
Authors: Nashaat-Sobhy Nashwa , Mestre-Mestre Eva M. , MacDonald Penny 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This systematic review examines scaffolding practices in science instruction within Content and Language
Integrated Learning (CLIL) environments, where English as a foreign language is the medium of instruction (L2). Adopting PRISMA
guidelines, 1,052 records were identified, of which 19 were eligible for inclusion. Our analysis shows the essentiality of
rediscursification (modifying instructional discourse) and transsemiotization (combining semiotic resources to enhance the
message). It also shows variability in the discourse around translanguaging (the fluid use of languages) across contexts, and that
preferences for scaffolding practices are shaped by cultural dispositions. The majority of the studies were non-experimental and
focused on vocabulary, with only a minority applying heuristics designed for integrating content and language. We raise the
question whether some multimodal resources and students’ first languages truly promote science literacy in CLIL. Finally, we
provide research-based implications for science CLIL teachers and trainers to support deeper learning in the L2 science
classroom.
Improved Chua’s chaotic system with a novel memristor: generating multi-scroll hidden attractors and applications in image encryption
Authors: Ding Pengfei , Zhang Juan , Zhu Jingge 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a new method for generating multi-scroll chaotic attractors by introducing a new memristor model into an improved Chua’s system is presented. The dynamic characteristics of the system are analyzed, including equilibria and stability, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents and phase diagrams. Strikingly, it can exhibit three-scroll, four-scroll and five-scroll hidden attractors by only changing one system parameter and different shapes of chaotic attractors coexist with the same parameter. Furthermore, the high randomness of the system is verified through 0–1 test and NIST test. By using the high randomness of the system, an image encryption algorithm (IEA) is designed to guarantee the secure and efficient transmission of digital images. This IEA uses whirlpool transformation to scramble pixel positions and DNA computation to diffuse pixel values. The simulation and performance analysis results indicate that the proposed IEA has high security and reliable encryption performance, which in turn confirms the availability of the new memristor-based Chua’s chaotic system.
Simulation on the hollow cathode discharge in hydrogen
Authors: He Shoujie , Zhang Hong , Qi Renjie , Zhou Jia , Jia Liu , Li Qing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A rectangular hollow cathode discharge (HCD) in hydrogen with a pressure of 2 Torr is simulated using a 2-D fluid model. The potential, electric field, particle density, and average electron temperature are calculated. The discharge space consists of the cathode sheath region near the cathode electrode and the negative glow (NG) region in the central region of the discharge cell. A high electric field of thousands of V/cm and a low electric field of tens of V/cm appear in the cathode sheath region and NG region, respectively. The average electron temperature in the cathode sheath region is tens of eV, which is significantly higher than that in the NG region. Electrons and H3
+ are the main negative particles and positive ions, whose peaks appear in the NG region, and the peak magnitude is on the order of 1010 cm−3. H atom is the highest-density neutral particle other than H2 with a peak density of 1013 cm−3. The reaction kinetics of the generation and consumption of different particles are explored. The results show that each reaction generates certain particles while consuming other particles, ultimately achieving a dynamic equilibrium in the density of various particles. The electrons mainly originate from the ground state ionization between electron and H2 (e+H2 → e+H2
++e) and are consumed by the dissociative attachment (e+H2 → H−+H). The charge transfer collision reaction (H2
++H2 → H3
++H) is the only reaction that produces H3
+ ions. Different reactions to the consumption of H3
+ ions do not differ significantly. The generation and consumption of H mainly originate from the electron collision dissociation reaction (e+H2 → e+H+H) and the ionization reaction (e+H→H++2e).
Effective and efficient coded aperture cone-beam computed tomography via generative adversarial U-Net
Authors: Mao Tianyi , Liang Lei , Gao Caijie , Bian Chuanzhen , Wang Dongmiao , Zhu Shujin , Dai Xiubin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Coded aperture cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) represents a crucial method for acquiring high-fidelity three-dimensional (3D) tomographic images while reducing radiation exposure. However, projections are non-uniformly and discontinuously sampled with the coded apertures placed in front of the x-ray source, leading to very small reconstruction scale and time-intensive iterations. In this study, an alternative approach to reconstruct coded aperture CBCT based on generative adversarial U-net is proposed to effectively and efficiently reconstruct large scale 3D CBCT images. Our method entails predicting complete and uniform projections from incomplete and non-uniform coded projections, enabling the requirement of continuity for the use of analytical algorithms in 3D image reconstruction. This novel technique effectively mitigates the traditional trade-off between image fidelity and computational complexity inherent in conventional coded aperture CBCT reconstruction methods. Our experimental results, conducted using clinical datasets comprising CBCT images from 102 patients at Nanjing Medical University, demonstrate that high-quality CBCT images with voxel dimensions of 400 × 400 × 400 can be reconstructed within 35 s, even when 95% of projections are blocked, yielding images with PSNR values exceeding 25dB and SSIM values surpassing 0.85.
Salient object detection with bayesian inference based on radar and camera fusion used in UAV obstacle avoidance
Authors: Wang Xiyue , Wang Xinsheng , Zhou Zhiquan , Song Yanhong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Most existing salient object detection methods are sensitive to background noise and rely on prior information in UAV obstacle avoidance applications despite detection methods witnessing rapid progress. In this paper, we propose an efficient framework for salient object detection based on radar-camera fusion and iterative Bayesian optimization. A rough salient object (RSO) image is first built through radar and camera calibration. Next, the RSO image is used to calculate the edge response based on the receptive field mechanism of the primary visual cortex to construct the contour image. Finally, the above two images and the 2D Gaussian distribution are jointly integrated into an iterative Bayesian optimization scheme to get the final salient object image. Different from typical detection methods, this method suppresses background noise by filtering out irrelevant pixels using fusion information. The Bayesian inference framework’s detection performance is improved by precise spatial prior, consisting of optimized contour and RSO images. Experimental results indicate that the presented algorithm performs well against state-of-the-art salient object detection methods on several reference datasets in different evaluation metrics.
Developing novel wormhole metrics in finsler-randers geometry using the barthel connection and osculating-riemannian method
Authors: Praveen J , Narasimhamurthy S K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this research, we focus on modelling a wormhole using Finsler-Randers geometry. By applying the Barthel connection from the range of Finslerian connections, we have developed a new wormhole metric, termed the osculating Barthel-Finsler-Randers metric, through the osculating-Riemannian method within the Finsler-Randers framework. The fundamental field equations are formulated in terms of the obtained metric tensor characterised by η(r), which plays a pivotal role in characterizing the anisotropy of the model. To explore the application of Finsler geometry in addressing the existence of a wormhole, we adopt an exponential shape function. Further, in order to streamline the computational aspects of our analysis, and to discuss the effect of anisotropy effect of Finsler Rander geometry, we adopt a specific functional form for the anisotropic parameter

η
(
r
)
=
a

r

n

,

where α is a constant with implications for the anisotropy, among various possibilities for η(r) a non-zero analytical component of vector field in Randers metric. In addition, we consider three distinct values for the exponent n = −1, 0, and 1 and subsequently, we proceed to develop two distinct models for each of these three values of n with constant and non-constant redshift function. We analyse the physical implications of η(r) on the energy conditions. Our results demonstrate the crucial impact of anisotropy on the stability and structure of wormholes, emphasizing the requirement of exotic matter under specific conditions. This research deepens the understanding of wormhole physics within Finsler geometry, shedding light on the theoretical frameworks essential for the existence and stability of these cosmic structures.
Ab initio study of Z(N) = 6 magicity*
Authors: Li 李 He 贺 , Ong H. J. , Fang 房 Dong-Liang 栋梁 , Mazur I. A. , Shin I. J. , Shirokov A. M. , Vary J. P. , Yin 尹 Peng 鹏 , Zhao 赵 Xing-Bo 行波 , Zuo 左 Wei 维 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The existence of magic numbers of protons and neutrons in nuclei is essential for understanding the nuclear structure and fundamental nuclear forces. Over decades, researchers have conducted theoretical and experimental studies on a new magic number, Z(N)=6, focusing on observables such as radii, binding energy, electromagnetic transition, and nucleon separation energies. We performed ab initio no-core shell model calculations for the occupation numbers of the lowest single particle states in the ground states of Z(N)=6 and Z(N)=8 isotopes (isotones). The results of our calculations do not support Z(N)=6 as a magic number over a range of atomic numbers. However, 14C and 14O exhibit the characteristics of double-magic nuclei.
Optimization of such strategy as frequency modulation for grid-side energy storage control-terminal in response to frequency fluctuations in the new power system grid
Authors: Ming Xin , Ma Shizhe , Bai Yuanlong , Liu Chuanbo , Yao Yuchi , Su Xu , Zhang Mengyu , Han Yishu , Gai Di , Lv Jiaolong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the refinement of the control strategy for grid-side energy storage systems as they engage in primary and secondary frequency modulation within an emerging smart grid. To attain an optimal outcome, traditional frequency modulation methods, which often require high-precision operations and extended adjustment periods, fall short of the stringent demands posed by modern power systems for swift and responsive frequency modulation. Under such circumstances, the grid-side energy storage control-terminal system presents a viable solution for managing energy storage, thereby providing rapid and precise assistance to the power system’s frequency modulation. By implementing a control mechanism that can adaptively switch between ARR signal-based and ACE signal-based frequency adjustments, a segmented parallel control approach ensures that the energy storage system can promptly and effectively modify the power within the grid system, facilitating swift frequency modulation.
A new data-driven distributed power grid load storage resource-wide area voltage self-optimization control method for distribution system
Authors: Zhou Quan , Lao Yongchang , Yin Yongliang , Lin Qingyun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Different from the conventional energy distribution network, which solely relies on energy distribution, the novel distribution system gradually exhibits a complex and interconnected form of various resources, such as source network load storage. These resources possess characteristics of “multi-point, wide area, and small amount” distribution. Investigating the potential for wide-area voltage regulation by using distributed resources like renewable energy power generation, distributed energy storage, and flexible loads is crucial for constructing a highly integrated source network load storage in the new type of distribution system. This paper proposes a novel data-driven method for optimizing control of wide-area voltage through distributed power network load storage resources. By comprehensively and cooperatively controlling renewable energy power generation, energy storage systems, and flexible loads, this approach enhances the quality of wide-area voltage in the distribution network while ensuring optimal utilization of energy storage capacity and minimizing network losses. The effectiveness and advanced nature of this method are demonstrated by applying it to an urban distribution network example. Compared to traditional voltage regulation methods, this approach aligns better with the requirements for voltage regulation in the new type of distribution network.