bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion with Severity of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men With Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla Enugu
Authors: Iwenofu Chukwunonso Anthony , Amu Okwudili Calistus , Affusim Emmanuel Azubuike , Nwachukwu Chukwunonso Daniel , Anyimba Solomon Kenechukwu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men above 50 years of age. It is known that the severity of LUTS (degree of bladder outlet obstruction) does not correlate with the size of the prostate gland in BPH. Severity of LUTS due to BPH can be assessed using the internationally validated international prostate symptom score (IPSS). There are some concerns that the IPSS is subjective and may pose some challenges to the poorly educated patients in our environment during administration. Intravesical prostatic protrusion may be an objective index of degree of bladder outlet obstruction in men with BPH measured using abdominopelvic ultrasound. So the objective of this study is to evaluate for any correlation between IPP and IPSS in men with symptomatic BPH.

Objective:
The objective of the study is to assess the correlation between IPP and IPSS.

Patients and Methods:
A hospital based cross-sectional study of new patients with symptomatic LUTS of BPH, who presented to the Urology clinics of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Enugu. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the hospital and informed consent from patients. After evaluation (including IPSS, PSA, and FBC, S/E/Ur/Cr, Urinalysis and M/C/S), participants had abdominopelvic ultrasonography measurement of IPP and midline sagittal image of the prostate (at bladder Volume of > 100mls) using Prosound model SSD 3500 with an abdominal probe frequency of 3.5MHz (Versana Essentials) IPP was divided into three grades (Grade I: 0-4.9mm; Grade II: 5.0-9.9mm; Grade III: 10.0mm and above). Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 20 (IBM, SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). The Pearson correlation was used to assess correlation where necessary. P- value <0.005 was considered significant.

Results:
Two hundred and seventy four men with a mean age of 64.76+/- 9.04 years were included in the study. Most of the participants had highest educational level of primary education 145 (52.9 %). The average IPSS, IPP, PSA Total were 15.90+/- 4.74 SD, 9.49+/- 2.98 SD, 6.13+/- 1.83 respectively. There is significant positive correlation between IPP and IPSS (r = 0.451; P < 0.001), and a statistically significant negative correlation between IPP, IPSS (r = - 0.742; P < 0.001), (r = - 0.500; P < 0.001) respectively and Qmax.

Conclusion:
There was a significant positive correlation between IPP and IPSS. Intravesical prostatic protrusion may be used to help assess severity of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with BPH.
Prescription, Dispensing, and Rational Medicine Use in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
Authors: Ogaji Daprim Samuel , Owhondah King Samuel , Zite Zorte 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Rational use of medicine in a teaching hospital is critical for effective and efficient patient care. This study assessed prescription, dispensing, and rational medicine in a Nigerian tertiary care facility.

Materials and Method:
This was an analytic cross-sectional study with data collected using validated tools underpinned by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core indicators for prescription, patient care, and facility. A cluster sample of 10 specialist clinics and servicing pharmacies were selected. Simple random sampling was deployed to retrieve 600 medicine prescriptions in the pharmacies over a six-month period (June 1, 2021–November 30, 2021). Patient care indicators were assessed using 330 patient encounters, and 48 prescribers across the 10 clinics were randomly selected for assessing factors influencing prescribing practices. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses were conducted with SPSS version 25, and findings were compared with WHO/INRUD recommendations.

Results:
The mean medicine count per visit was 3.4 ± 1.9 with 40.2% and 24.8% of prescriptions containing antibiotics and injections, respectively. Nonproprietary prescriptions were 43.6% and 97.1% of medicines prescribed were contained the essential medicines list (EML). The mean times spent were 17.5 ± 8.0 and 7.7 ± 3.8 min with prescribers and dispensers, respectively. Most (99.8%) of the dispensed medicines were labeled properly while 82% of patients knew the regimen. Most (93.3%) tracer medicines were in the pharmacies, but no clinic had copies of the EML. Significant differences in prescription and patient care indicators were reported across specialty units.

Conclusion:
Gaps exist in medicine prescription and dispensing. The preponderance of brand prescription, polypharmacy, and antibiotic prescription calls for implementation of extant policies and guidelines on the use of medicines as well as training and monitoring on rational medicine use among prescribers and dispensers in the teaching hospital.
Perception of Health Professionals on the National Health Act, 2014, in University College Hospital, Ibadan
Authors: Mashor Mbwas Isaac , Akinyemi Oluwaseun Oladapo , Ijoma Sandra Ifynneke , Longwap Abdulaziz Saleh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
The National Health Bill was the most debated bill from the legislative arm of government since 1999 and yet, many health professionals are largely unaware of its details. There had been insufficient health legislation establishing a unified national health system in Nigeria, such as provided for in the National Health Act (NHA), 2014, leading to duplication of functions and laws. Health professionals, being key policy actors and at the front line of healthcare, easily notice the impact of policies set by actors in the health-care system. Therefore, their knowledge and perception of the NHA as legitimate, will compel obedience with the provisions of the act, and also create a basis for stronger advocacy for its implementation for the overall strengthening of the health-care system that the act intends to provide a legal framework for.

Methodology:
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the perception of health professionals at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, on the NHA, 2014. Participants were selected by a multistage (stratified and then systematic) random sampling technique. Data were collected quantitatively using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. The quantitative data were entered and analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.

Results:
Awareness of the respondents about the Act was good, with up to 75% of respondents being aware of the existence of the NHA Act. However, the knowledge of the content of the Act was poor among all the cadres of health professionals. The differences in awareness among the different cadres of health professionals were statistically significant with the doctors being more aware and the nurses least aware, P = 0.001. The majority of health professionals perceive that the NHA is sufficient to regulate health care and set the appropriate standards in Nigeria. However, the health-care professionals also perceive that Nigerian government is incapable of diligently implementing the provisions of the Act.

Conclusion:
There is a need for sustained remedial action by health-care professional bodies, organised media, and relevant government ministries and agencies, to ensure that stakeholders, including health professionals, are abreast with the provisions of the NHA, through prioritising health laws as key areas in undergraduate school curricula and continuing medical education on health laws for the practicing health professionals. Good knowledge of the Act will increase the advocacy efforts by the health professionals and other stakeholders towards the implementation of the provisions of the Act by the government and other relevant stakeholders. There is also a need for the government to show more commitment in publicising its effort at the implementation of the Act to improve the poor perception by the health professionals on the government’s ability to implement the provisions of the Act, as seen in this study.
Knowledge and Practice of Infection Prevention and Control among Healthcare Workers in Secondary Healthcare Facilities in Southern Cross River State Nigeria
Authors: Oluwafemi Olusola Festus , Jonathan Okon Aniekanabasi , Nsa Ekpenyong Bernadine , Michael Archibong Anietie , Msoo Asen Joseph 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Globally, millions of people are affected annually by health-care-associated infections, many of which could be avoided by strict compliance with standard infection prevention and control (IPC) protocols.

Aim:
This study assessed the knowledge and practice of IPC among secondary health-care workers (HCWs) in Southern Cross River State.

Materials and methods:
A structured questionnaire was used in conjunction with a descriptive cross-sectional design to collect data from 336 health-care personnel. IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 was used to analyse the generated data.

Results:
The results show that 58% of the respondents had a high knowledge level of IPC and 52.4% exhibited a high level of standard IPC practice. About 53% reported that IPC protocols were available in their facility. No association was found between sociodemographic characteristics of HCWs and their practice of standard IPC practice except for sex. A significant association was found between sex and level of IPC practice (P = 0.015), the male HCWs had higher practice of IPC than their female counterparts. Although no association was found between knowledge and practice of IPC among the HCWs, the level of practice was, however, higher among the doctors than the nurses who had a higher level of knowledge on IPC. A logistic regression analysis further showed that only sex was significant (P = 0.021) in influencing a high level of IPC practice among the HCWs in this study.

Conclusion:
It is, therefore, imperative for health-care facility leadership to organise training and retraining programs on IPC to improve knowledge and compliance among HCWs, especially in the face of emerging infectious diseases in Nigeria.
Time Motion Study of Tuberculosis Patients Attending a Hospital in an Indian State
Authors: Toppo Manju , Mehta Gursharan S. , Pilkhwal Rashmi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
To analyse the time taken in availing various services by a patient of cardinal symptoms of Tuberculosis in TB Hospital, Bhopal, India and to determine the satisfaction of patients regarding care.

Methods:
This is a time–motion observational study of patients who came with symptoms of TB. A sample of 210 was calculated using Cochran’s formula.

Results:
Amongst the 210 patients studied, the majority were males, i.e. 123 (58.6%). A striking feature was found during this study that reports of sputum were given 2–5 days after collection.

Conclusion:
This busy hospital dedicated to providing comprehensive healthcare pertaining to TB had multiple patient queues, long clinical visits and short clinical encounters. Although the patients were satisfied with the clinical consultations from the doctors, they found difficulty in availing laboratory and X-ray services.
Antiapoptotic and antinociceptive effects of Achillea millefolium L. aqueous extract in rats with experimental painful diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Moradi Mojtaba , Hassanshahi Jalal , Rahmani Mohammad Reza , Shamsizadeh Ali , Kaeidi Ayat 
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose:
Neuropathy is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine the analgesic and antiapoptotic effects of the aqueous extract of Achillea millefolium L. (Ach) in rats with experimental painful diabetic neuropathy by behavioral and molecular procedures.

Experimental approach:
Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups including control, diabetes + saline, and diabetes + Ach extract (doses of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks, orally). A tail-flick test was performed to assess the pain threshold in different groups. Western blotting test was used to evaluate the apoptotic (Bax, Bcl2, cleaved caspase-3, and cytochrome-c) and inflammatory (TNF-α and NF-kB) protein factors in the lumbar portion of the spinal cord tissue. Also, commercial assay kits were used to evaluate oxidative stress factors (MDA, GPx, and SOD enzyme activity) in the lumbar portion of the spinal cord tissue.

Findings/Results:
Results showed that administering Ach extract at the doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg/day significantly increased the nociception threshold in treated diabetic animals compared to untreated diabetic animals. Moreover, the treatment of diabetic animals with Ach extract (300 and 600 mg/kg/day) significantly reduced the oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis biochemical indicators in the lumbar spinal cord tissue compared to the untreated diabetic group.

Conclusion and implications:
The findings showed that Ach extract has neuroprotective and anti-nociceptive effects in rats with diabetic neuropathy. The effects can be due to the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the spinal cord tissue.
Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of recombinant insulin aspart (BioGenomics Limited) and NovoRapid® (Novo Nordisk) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase-3 study
Authors: Dongre Sneha A. , Kulkarni Gauri A. , Mishra Akshay , Deshmane Rutuja B. , Sonar Nameeta , Yashi Kanica , Thapa Damodar , Ghade Nikhil , Kadoo Sachin M. , Krishnan Archana R. , Sonar Sanjay M. 
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose:
To compare the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of recombinant insulin aspart 100 U/mL manufactured by BioGenomics Limited (BGL-ASP) with innovator NovoRapid® in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2 DM).

Experimental approach:
This was a multicenter, open-label, randomized, parallel-group study in T2 DM patients, on premix human insulin therapy ± oral anti-diabetics. Besides self-monitored plasma glucose, fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose (FPG and PPG) were tested at baseline, week 12, and week 24. Anti-insulin aspart antibodies measured immunogenicity at 12 and 24 weeks.

Findings/Results:
160 patients out of 320 patients randomly received BGL-ASP and the remaining patients received NovoRapid®. The changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline to weeks 12 and 24 for the BGL-ASP group were -0.8 ± 0.83 and -0.8 ± 0.81, respectively, while for the NovoRapid®group was -0.8 ± 1.01 and -0.9 ± 0.89, respectively. Changes in FPG and PPG were comparable between the treatment groups after 12 weeks and 24 weeks. The incidence of detectable antibodies at baseline, weeks 12, and 24 were comparable between treatment groups. Eighteen (11.3%) patients in the BGL-ASP group and 23 (14.4%) in the NovoRapid®group reported adverse events.

Conclusion and implications:
BGL-ASP and NovoRapid®were comparable and equally effective in lowering HbA1c, FPG, and PPG levels, with similar immunogenicity and safety profiles.
Curcumin and exercise prevent depression via alleviating hippocampus injury and improve depressive-like behaviors in chronically stressed depression rats
Authors: Ahmadi Elaheh , Pourmotabbed Ali , Aghaz Nilofar , Nedaei Seyed Ershad , Veisi Mojgan , Salimi Zahra , Zarei Fatemeh , Jalili Cyrus , Moradpour Farshad , Zeinivand Motahareh 
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose:
Depression is a growing public health concern worldwide, characterized by cognitive impairment and structural abnormalities of the hippocampus. Current antidepressant treatment sometimes causes the late onset of results and the much faster occurrence of side effects. For this reason, the interest in new treatment strategies including exercise and natural products such as curcumin has increased to treat depression. The present study investigated the role of curcumin and exercise in improving depressive-like behavior and hippocampal damage induced by mild unpredictable chronic stress in male rats.

Experimental approach:
This study analyzed the effects of curcumin (100 mg/kg/day, P.O for 14 days) and exercise (treadmill running, 45 min/day for 14 days) on immobility behavior (forced swimming test), locomotor activity (open field test), anhedonia (sucrose preference test) and cell survival (Nissl staining) of the hippocampal CA3 region in chronically stressed depression rats.

Findings/Results:
In the current study, curcumin treatment combined with exercise effectively improved immobility behavior, locomotor activity, and increased hippocampal cell survival resulted in preventing the development of hippocampus dysfunction and depressive-like behaviors.

Conclusion and implications:
This study demonstrated a new prospect for treating depression. The current findings give researchers the confidence to continue the investigations on the effects of curcumin accompanied with exercise as a novel therapy for the treatment of depression.
Betrachtungen zu einigen siebenbürgisch-sächsischen Handschriftensammlungen aus dem Folklore-Archiv des Forschungsinstituts für Geisteswissenschaften Hermannstadt
Authors: Buzaș Andreea 
Published: October 2024

Das Archiv des Vereins der Folklore-Forscher und Ethnographen im Kreis Sibiu (rumänisch abgekürzt AFES), derzeit im Besitz des Forschungsinstituts für Geisteswissenschaften Hermannstadt (ICSU Sibiu), wurde 1977 auf Veranlassung von Professor Ilie Moise gegründet. Das Archiv enthält Sammlungen und Aufzeichnungen, Fragebögen, Manuskripte, Aufsätze und ethnographische Arbeiten, die seit 1950 bis heute von über hundert Forschern der volkstümlichen Kultur aus den wichtigsten ethnografischen Landschaften Rumäniens zusammengetragen wurden. Die vorliegende Studie stellt die wichtigsten Handschriftensammlungen im Archivbestand vor, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf Materialien einiger Minderheiten, insbesondere der Siebenbürger Sachsen, liegt, als einem Zeugnis für die im Süden Siebenbürgens so intensiven kulturellen Wechselwirkungen.
Tatalaksana Pemeliharaan Ternak Kambing Kacang di Kampung Aimasi Distrik Aimasi Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Sherly Nuryuhana  , Nani Zurahmah  , Gallusia Marhaeny Nur Isty  
Published: October 2024

Latar belakang: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut tentang perawatan kambing kacang yang benar dan untuk mengetahui apakah peternak telah menerapkan praktik manajemen yang efektif dalam beternak kambing.
Metode: Penelitian dilakukan selama tiga bulan di Kampung Aimasi, Distrik Aimasi, Kabupaten Manokwari, Provinsi Papua Barat, pada bulan Maret hingga Mei 2024. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Ada dua puluh ekor kambing kacang di kampung aimasi tersebut. Sampel berjumlah enam belas orang peternak kambing kacang diperoleh dengan menerapkan rumus Slovin dengan margin of error 10%. Jenis analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, yaitu mendeskripsikan hasil instrumen wawancara yang diungkapkan secara lisan. Faktor penelitian meliputi limbah, peternakan, pakan, bibit, dan kesehatan dalam kaitannya dengan manajemen pemeliharaan kambing kacang.
Hasil: Temuan studi ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemeliharaan intensif yang digunakan dalam konteks ini selalu terkendali dan tidak terekspos. Penting untuk mempertimbangkan faktor internal dan eksternal ketika memilih benih untuk ditanam. 10% dari berat badan hewan harus diberi makan dengan benar. Peternak dapat lebih mudah merawat dan membersihkan kandang dengan kandang panggung yang kokoh. Kambing yang menderita kembung sering kali menunjukkan gejala rasa lapar yang menurun, hewan yang gelisah, dan perut bagian kiri yang menggembung. Agar mendapatkan hasil yang lebih bermanfaat ketika dimanfaatkan, limbah ternak perlu diolah terlebih dahulu.
Kesimpulan: Mulai dari bibit, pakan, tempat berlindung, kesehatan hingga limbah, dipastikan bahwa peternak telah menerapkan manajemen pemeliharaan kambing yang tepat. Faktor-faktor seperti jumlah pendidikan, jumlah hewan yang dimiliki, dan lamanya beternak juga dapat berdampak pada pengelolaan peternakan kambing.
Karakteristik Morfometri Kambing Peranakan Etawa di Kawasan Integrasi Kambing dan Lada Kabupaten Bengkayang
Authors: Rahmad Rahmad  , Ahmad Tohardi  , Duta Setiawan  
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik morfometri kambing peranakan etawa yang berada pada kawasan integrasi kambing dengan tanaman lada di kabupaten Bengkayang. Peneliti ini merupakan purposive sampling menggunakan 31 ekor kambing PE yang ada di Seluas, yang terdiri dari 4 ekor jantan dan 5 ekor betina pada umur 8 -12 bulan, 4 ekor jantan 8 ekor betina pada umur 12-18 bulan dan 4 ekor jantan 6 ekor betina pada umur 18-24 bulan. Variabel yang diamati adalah panjang badan, tinggi pundak, tinggi pinggul, lingkar dada, panjang telingga dan bobot badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rataan morfometri kambing PE memiliki data yang beragam. Secara umum kambing PE di kelompok ternak integrasi kambing lada memiliki ukuran tubuh masih berada dibawah rata-rata standar. Yaitu pada betina umur >12 -18 bulan tinggi pundak 61,99 + 4,78 cm, panjang badan 57,18 + 5,85 cm dan junta umur >18-24 bulan tinggi pundak 75,00 + 6,98 cm, panjang badan 72,13 + 4,09 cm, dan tinggi pundak 63,23 + 3,37 cm, panjang badan 60,00 + 3,24 cm. Berbeda dengan rataan ukran morfometri kambing PE pada umur 8-12 bulan lebih tinggi dari rataan standar morfometri KMP (2015).
Analisis Neraca Air Sub Das Cikeruh Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Andini Nurany  , Chay Asdak  , Yogina Lestari Ayu  
Published: October 2024

Pertumbuhan populasi dan peningkatan penggunaan lahan di Sub DAS Cikeruh berdampak pada ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air. Pertumbuhan penduduk yang sangat pesat yang diiringi dengan tekanan kebutuhan penduduk yang tinggi, menyebabkan kerusakan kelestarian hutan yang merupakan tempat dimana proses daur hidrologi berlangsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh nilai terbaru neraca air melalui analisis ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air di Sub DAS Cikeruh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Ketersediaan air yang dilakukan menggunakan metode FJ. Mock, analisis kebutuhan air berdasarkan SNI 6728.1-2015 dan penelitian-penelitian lainnya yang terkait. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan ketersediaan air Sub DAS Cikeruh sebesar 214,814,368.13 /tahun dengan ketersediaan air rata-rata 17,901,197.34 /bulan dan total kebutuhan air sebesar 590,474,541.41 /tahun dengan kebutuhan air rata-rata sebesar 49,206,211.78 /bulan. Akibat curah hujan yang rendah dan tingginya tingkat evapotranspirasi, neraca air di Sub DAS Cikeruh mengalami defisit setiap tahun. Hal ini menyebabkan pasokan air dari hujan berkurang dan tidak mencukupi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air.