bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Get out of life on the edge: The role of urban public health services on migrants’ social integration in China
Authors: Li Jun , Li Tiantian , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPublic health services for migrants are not only related to their health status, but also crucial to their social integration in the host cities. Using data from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, we examine the impacts of urban public health services on migrants’ social integration. We find a positive correlation between the accessibility of public health services among migrants and their social integration. Research on the mechanisms reveals that obtaining public health services contribute to social integration by improving migrants’ health status, fostering the alignment of hygiene practices with those of local residents and promoting family migration. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive impact of public health services on social integration is notably pronounced among migrants engaged in informal employment, lacking social security, holding rural hukou and having a relatively brief duration of residence in the host cities. This paper presents valuable insights into migrants’ social integration which is a critical issue for policymakers. By improving the accessibility of public health services, migrants will better integrate into host cities. The findings may be instructive for promoting urbanization in China and other countries.
Fabrication of Laminated Electrospun Fire˗Resistant Phosphorylated Poly(Vinylalcohol) Membrane for Enhanced Firefighter Safety
Authors: Tripathi Manorama , Parthasarathy Surekha , Roy Prasun Kumar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe current study focuses on the creation of breathable and fire˗retardant fibrous membranes using phosphorylated poly(vinylalcohol) (PPVA) via the electrospinning method, with a specific interest in their application for structural firefighter clothing. Poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA) was phosphorylated to enhance its inherent flame resistance. Optimization of reaction conditions, including time and temperature, was conducted to achieve a solution suitable for electrospinning. The flame resistance of PPVA was confirmed through vertical flammability tests, with thermogravimetric analysis indicating a significant increase in carbonaceous char formation during PPVA decomposition compared to unmodified PVA. The limiting oxygen index also exhibited a notable increase from PVA to PPVA. Furthermore, the study established optimal operating conditions for producing uniform fibers, considering parameters such as polymer concentration, feed rate, tip to collector distance, and applied potential difference. The PPVA membrane demonstrated superior water vapor transmission rates compared to PVA, indicating enhanced breathability. The entire fabrication process utilized an environmentally friendly water‐based solvent. Additionally, a moisture‐cum‐thermal barrier layer (MCTB) was developed by laminating the PPVA fibrous membranes with microporous polytetrafluoroethylene and further with needle punch‐spunlaced OPAN fabric. Experimental assessments of the MCTB layer revealed satisfactory breathability and thermal performance, surpassing the standard requirements of 35 cal/cm2 for structural firefighting configuration.
Seeding Layer Effect on the Microstructure of Hydrothermally Grown α‐Manganese Dioxide Nanowires on Three‐Dimensional Graphene Foam
Authors: Feyza Yavuz Gülperi , Güneş Fethullah , Bartu Aydın Kemal , Gergeroglu Hazal 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHydrothermal synthesis is a straightforward approach for producing high‐yield manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanostructures with efficient morphological control at low temperatures. This study investigates the microstructural dependency of hydrothermally grown α‐MnO2 nanowires (NWs) on pre‐treatment conditions on the substrate surface. Within this scope, α‐MnO2 NWs were synthesized on chemical vapor deposition (CVD)‐based graphene foam (GF) substrates pre‐treated via potassium permanganate (KMnO4) solution as a seeding layer with different concentrations (0.025, 0.050, 0.075, 0.1 M). A direct α‐MnO2 NWs growth (without pre‐treatment) was also performed on GF by hydrothermal method. The seeding layer effect on the NWs growth was elaborated to comprehend the process‐structure correlations by characterizing the resultant graphene foam/α‐MnO2 nanowires (GF/α‐MnO2 NWs) nanocomposites through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Raman Spectroscopy, X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD), and X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). SEM, XRD, and Raman Spectroscopy revealed the successful acquisition of highly crystalline α‐MnO2 in one‐dimensional nanowire morphology on the high‐quality GF. Moreover, XPS results confirmed that all nanocomposites comprise α‐MnO2 and graphene without chemical degradation. Consequently, slight changes in solution concentration of seeding layers caused a noticeable alteration in the nanowire's structure, which could ensure effective control of nanocomposite properties without sacrificing the high purity of each component.
Exploring the Potential of Isoindole‐1,3‐Dione Derivatives as Novel Inhibitors of Aldose Reductase: An In Silico and In Vitro Insight into Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetic Complications
Authors: Şengül Bülent , Gündoğdu Özlem , Kilinç Namık , Kishali Nurhan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study explores the potential of isoindole‐1,3‐dione derivatives as novel inhibitors of aldose reductase (AR), focusing on their in silico and in vitro effects for therapeutic strategies against diabetic complications. Aldose reductase, a critical enzyme in the polyol pathway, plays a significant role in glucose metabolism and has been linked to diabetic complications. In this comprehensive study, isoindole‐1,3‐dione derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the recombinant human AR enzyme. The compounds’ inhibitory activities were measured both in vitro and through in silico techniques, employing molecular docking and free binding energy calculations and ADME studies. The newly synthesized compounds demonstrated varied inhibitory effects, with ethyl and phenyl substituents at specific positions enhancing inhibitory activity. Notably, compounds with carboxylic acid derivatives exhibited potent inhibitory effects, especially compound 6 with an IC50 value of 1.649 μM. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the inhibitory potential of isoindole‐1,3‐dione derivatives against AR, suggesting their potential therapeutic application in mitigating diabetic complications. The combination of experimental and computational approaches offers a comprehensive understanding of the compounds’ interaction mechanisms and pharmacokinetic profiles, supporting their further exploration as antidiabetic agents.
Investigation of Structural, Photoelectrochemical, Magnetic and Catalytic Properties of LaSrNiO4, LaSrCuO4, LaSrCoO4 Nanoparticles Synthesised by Reverse Micellar Route
Authors: Bhagat Kirandeep , Das Anirban , Dagar Neha , Ramanujachary Kandalam V. , Lofland Samuel E. , Raha Roy Sudipta , Ganguli Ashok K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLaSrCoO4, LaSrNiO4 and LaSrCuO4 were synthesised by the reverse micellar route by using three different microemulsion compositions. The as prepared nanostructures were characterised by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The PXRD of all samples indicate pure phases which crystallize into a tetragonal system. The particle size and shape of nanoparticles varies with microemulsion system. Magnetisation studies suggested that two of the LaSrCoO4 samples display canted antiferromagnetism while the others showed no sign of long‐range ordering. The LaSrNiO4 and LaSrCuO4 samples seemed to show spin glass behaviour. Some of these materials were successfully used as catalysts for organic transformations. The esterification of aldehydes in the presence of alkyl halides and alcohols has been made mild and practicable with a copper catalysed TBHP/DTBP promoting reaction. This approach is suitable to a wide variety of aldehydes, including those that are notoriously difficult to convert through the C(sp2)−H bond scission to produce the required esters in good to outstanding yield.
Waste Plastic‐Derived FeMo@MgO/CNTs Nanocomposites for High‐Performance Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Aboul‐Enein Ateyya A. , Yousif Nashwa M. , Awadallah Ahmed E. , Azab Mostafa A. , Haggar Ahmed M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMultiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared from low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic waste using FeMo(x)@MgO catalysts with several FeMo contents (x=10, 30, and 50 %). Pyrolysis of waste LDPE and growth of CNTs over FeMo/MgO catalysts were performed at 450 and 750 °C, respectively. The results indicated that FeMoO4, Fe2(MoO4)3, MgFe2O4, MgMoO4, and Mg2Mo3O11 species were the main components of the calcined catalyst containing 50 %FeMo. However, free monometallic iron oxides and bimetallic oxides (MgFe2O4, and MgMoO4) were the components of the calcined catalyst containing 10 %FeMo. The FeMo content was found to correlate with the yield and quality of the carbon product. TEM images of the spent catalysts proved the formation of MWCNTs at all FeMo contents. The FeMo(30)/MgO catalyst was the most active in CNT production. Raman spectroscopy results proved the generation of the best quality MWCNTs at 30 %FeMo content. XRD analysis of the spent catalysts demonstrated that nanocomposite of Fe3C, Mo2C, MgO, and MWCNTs (FeMoC(x)@MgO/CNTs) was successfully synthesized. The electrochemical performance of FeMoC(x)@MgO/CNTs composites was evaluated as low‐cost supercapacitor nanoelectrodes. Large specific capacity values of 806, 978, and 1180 F g were achieved at the current density of 0.1 A g using nanocomposites with 10, 30, and 50 %FeMo contents, respectively.
Characterization of Langmuir Monolayers for Nanodiamonds Surface‐Modified with 12‐Hydroxystearyl Chains and the Occurrence of Structural Colors
Authors: Yamagishi Yui , Sakamoto Shoma , Hasunuma Yuka , Fujimori Atsuhiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe surfaces of nanodiamond particles are modified using natural castor oil‐derived 12‐hydroxystearic acid, which has thixotropic solvent properties. 12‐Hydroxystearyl chain‐modified nanodiamonds (12OHSt‐ND) are spread from a dispersion medium onto ultrapure water to afford Langmuir monolayers (a single‐particle layer) of 12OHSt‐ND exhibited a two‐dimensional phase transition from an expanded phase to a condensed phase. The surface morphology of the single‐particle layer shows a dispersed form of aggregated particles, while the layered regularity of the multilayers shows high periodicity. The surface hydrophobicity of the single‐particle layer of 12OHSt‐ND is more pronounced than that of the single‐particle layer of stearic acid‐modified nanodiamonds. The origin of the surface hydrophobicity of the single‐particle layer of 12OHSt‐ND is predicted to be the vertical conformation of the modified chains achieved via hydrogen bonding between the modified chains. In addition, the stepwise multilayers of 12OHSt‐ND exhibit various structural colors depending on the number of layers.
Study of Near Band Edge Emission Spectra and Conductivity Transformation in Fe‐Doped Cadmium Telluride Nanoparticles for the Device Applications
Authors: Gumaste Meera Ramachandra , Kulkarni Gururaj Anand , Sangam Sheela A. , Shetty Poornima B. , Joseph C. M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe research work discussed here explains the near band edge emission and conductivity transformation of the Fe‐doped CdTe nanoparticles synthesized by hydrothermal method by using an autoclave. The size of the undoped CdTe nanoparticles is found to be 5.48, 8.45, 9.40, and 14.79 nm, respectively for the nanoparticles collected at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes of duration of the synthesis. Whereas for the Fe‐doped CdTe nanoparticles, the size is found to be 12.81, 16.9, and 18.5 nm, respectively for the 10%, 20%, and 30% Fe concentrations as doping elements in CdTe nanoparticles. The XPS spectra clearly show the successful doping of Fe in the CdTe QDs and also the orbital state of Fe in CdTe. The EDAX spectra is taken to trace the elements present in the synthesized nanoparticles. From the UV–vis absorption spectrum, the band gap is found to decrease when doped with Fe in different concentrations. Also, an appreciable blue shift is found in the as synthesized undoped and Fe‐doped CdTe NPs. A near band edge emission property is observed for the Fe‐doped CdTe NPs when doped with different Fe concentrations. The van der Pauw Hall measurement technique is employed to study the electrical properties such as conductivity, carrier concentration, mobility, and Hall coefficient of the undoped and Fe‐doped CdTe nanoparticles. The consistent p‐type conductivity is observed for the undoped CdTe nanoparticles till the time duration of 45 minutes of synthesis. When doped with Fe in 30% concentration, the type of conductivity is found to transform from p‐type to n‐type. The luminescence property between 450 and 500 nm makes these materials suitable for device applications like light‐emitting diodes. Also, the study of Hall measurement here explains the application of these materials as photovoltaic cells.
Electrochemically Induced Synthesis of β‐Ketosulfones from Enol Acetates and Sodium Sulfinates
Authors: Zaikina Lada A. , Mulina Olga M. , Merkulova Valentina M. , Ilovaisky Alexey I. , Vil’ Vera A. , Terent'ev Alexander O. 
Published: September 2024

Abstractβ‐Ketosulfones were synthesized from enol acetates and sodium sulfinates under electrochemical conditions. The starting sulfinates can act both as the supporting electrolyte and as the source of S‐centered radicals, allowing electrolysis to proceed without external salt. Side reactions of enol acetates’ oxidation are not observed, and the developed process is quite selective. The proposed electrochemical sulfonylation is compatible with a wide range of the initial enol acetates and sulfinates. On the basis of literature data, control experiments, and CV studies, the presumable reaction pathway is suggested. The key intermediates are S‐centered sulfonyl radical, C‐centered benzylic radical, and β‐acetoxy‐β‐hydroxysulfone.
Pristine Wood‐Supported Electrodes With Intrinsic Superhydrophilic/Superaerophobic Surface Intensify Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Ling Ruihua , Lian Qing , Shan Lianwei , Xiang Shengling , Peng Ouwen , Li Dongyang , Amini Abbas , Wang Ning , Yang Hao , Cheng Chun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWood, as a renewable material, has been regarded as an emerging substrate for self‐supporting electrodes in large‐scale water electrolysis due to numerous merits such as rich pore structure, abundant hydroxyl groups, etc. However, poor conductivity of wood can greatly suppress the performance of wood‐based electrodes. Carbonization process can improve wood's conductivity, but the loss of hydroxyl groups and the required high energy consumption are the drawbacks of such a process. Here, a facile strategy is developed to prepare pristine wood‐supported electrode (Ni‐NiP/W) for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction (HER); this improves electrical conductivity of wood while retaining its excellent intrinsic properties. The preparation process involves the deposition of copper on the untreated wood followed with the loading of Ni‐NiP catalyst at room temperature. Encouragingly, the Ni‐NiP/W exhibits conductive and inherited pristine wood's superhydrophilic and superaerophobic properties, that effectively boost mass and charge transfer. It demonstrates high activity and excellent stability in acidic, alkali, and seawater conditions as well as high current densities of up to 2000 mA cm−2; particularly a record‐low HER overpotential of 206 mV in acidic conditions at 1000 mA cm−2. This work fully unlocks the admiring potential of pristine wood as superior substrate for high‐performance electrochemical electrodes.
Acidic and Alkaline pH Controlled Oxygen Reduction Reaction Pathway over Co‐N4C Catalyst
Authors: Mahapatra Bikash K. , Barman Pranjit , Panigrahi Dipti R. , Kochrekar Sachin , Paul Bappi , Panghal Abhishek , Kumar U. Anil , Dhavale Vishal M. , Gupta Mukul , Kumar Deepak , Kumar Vijay , Singh Santosh K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnhanced oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and selectivity are crucial to advance energy technologies like fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with M‐N4/C structure have been recognized to be highly effective for ORR. However, the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the mechanistic differences in the activity under acidic and alkaline environments is limiting the full potential of the energy devices. Here, a porous SAC is synthesized where a cobalt atom is coordinated with doped nitrogen in a graphene framework (pCo‐N4C). The resulting pCo‐N4C catalyst demonstrates a direct 4e− ORR process and exhibits kinetics comparable to the state‐of‐the‐art (Pt/C) catalyst. Its higher activity in an acidic electrolyte is attributed to the tuned porosity‐induced hydrophobicity. However, the pCo‐N4C catalyst displays a difference in ORR activity in 0.1 m HClO4 and 0.1 m KOH, with onset potentials of 0.82 V and 0.91 V versus RHE, respectively. This notable activity difference in acidic and alkaline media is due to the protonation of coordinated nitrogen, restricted proton coupled electron transfer (PCET) at the electrode/electrolyte interface. The effect of pH over the catalytic activity is further verified by Ab‐initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Weakly Solvating Ether‐Based Electrolyte Constructing Anion‐Derived Solid Electrolyte Interface in Graphite Anode toward High‐Stable Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Feng Qilin , Jiang Jiangmin , Li Shuang , Zhou Gaoyu , Kong Xiangkai , Chen Yaxin , Zhuang Quanchao , Ju Zhicheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLow‐cost graphite has emerged as the most promising anode material for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). Constructing the inorganic‐rich solid electrolyte interface (SEI) on the surface of graphite anode is crucial for achieving superior electrochemical performance of PIBs. However, the compositions of SEI formed by conventional strongly solvating electrolytes are mainly organic, leading to the SEI structure being thick and causing the co‐intercalation behavior of ions with the solvent. Herein, a weakly solvating electrolyte is applied to weaken the cation‐solvent interaction and alter the cation solvation sheath structures, conducing to the inorganic composition derived from anions also participating in the formation of SEI, together with forming a uniformly shaped SEI with superior mechanical properties, and thus improving the overall performance of PIBs. The electrolyte solvation structure rich in aggregated ion pairs (AGGs) (69%) enables remarkable potassium‐ion intercalation behavior at the graphite anode (reversible capacity of 269 mAh g−1) and highly stable plating/stripping of potassium metal anode (96.5%). As a practical device application, the assembled potassium‐ion full‐battery (PTCDA//Graphite) displays superior cycle stability. The optimizing strategy of cation solvation sheath structures offers a promising approach for developing high‐performance electrolytes and beyond.
Molecular Detection and Genetic Characterization of Avian Leukosis Virus From Field Outbreaks in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md. Golzar , Pathan Riman , Hasan SM Nazmul , Mozumder Anandha , Mou Moslema Jahan , Akter Marjana , Sikder Chandan , Reshad Riyan Al Islam , Mia Roni , Saha Sukumar , Islam Tofazzal , Akter Sharmin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAvian leukosis is a significant viral disease affecting chicken populations globally, including Bangladesh, resulting in high mortality and morbidity rates and causing substantial economic losses in the commercial poultry industry. This study aimed to detect avian leukosis virus (ALV) during recent outbreaks in Bangladesh, utilising a molecular‐based approach. A total of 14 liver samples were collected from the suspected layer flocks in Bangladesh. The diagnosis of ALV infection in chickens was confirmed through necropsy, histopathological examinations, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and sequence analysis. Gross observations revealed severe liver enlargement with scattered white nodules on the surface in the infected chickens. Histopathological observations showed the infiltration of huge mononuclear inflammatory cells in the periportal area of liver and microvesicular fatty degeneration and necrosis of some hepatocytes. RT‐PCR results identified three samples positive for the env gene of ALV. Sequence analysis of the env genes demonstrated high homology among the identified strains (97%–98%) and with reference strains (92%–96%) at the nucleotide level. The phylogenetic tree revealed close relatedness of the three identified strains to reference strains from India, USA, and China. Mutational analysis indicated several mutations throughout the envelope glycoprotein of the identified strains. Protein structure analysis showed minor changes in the hydrophobic region of the envelope protein of the identified strains. In conclusion, this study, the first detailed investigation in Bangladesh, contributes to understanding ALV epidemiology, highlights genetic diversity, and emphasises the necessity for further investigations and the implementation of effective control measures in the affected regions.
The clinicopathological landscape of thyroid cancer in South Africa—A multi‐institutional review
Authors: Conradie Wilhelmina , Luvhengo Thifhelimbilu , Lübbe Jeanne Adele , Afrogheh Amir , Bestbier Aneldi , Bhuiyan Mirza , Bombil Ifongo , Čačala Sharon Raye , Cairncross Lydia , Changfoot Chanel , Edge Jenny , Jackson Brandon S. , Jehle Hansjörg S. , Jonas Lusanda , Lukusa Mpoyi Ruphin , Makgoka Malose , Martin Lindi , Nel Daniel , Patel Mohamed Quraish , Sishuba Nosisa Thabile , Razack Rubina , Baatjes Karin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn South Africa (SA), data on the incidence of thyroid cancer is limited. Papillary thyroid carcinoma is by far the most common malignancy in developed countries; however, a preponderance of follicular thyroid cancer in developing countries, despite iodized salt, has been observed. The aim of this study was to describe the national landscape of thyroid cancer in SA with reference to pathological subtypes, surgical outcomes, and treatments offered.MethodsA multi‐institutional retrospective review of thyroid cancer patients operated on between January 2015 and December 2019 was performed. Public hospitals with associated academic institutions were included. Data were collected from theater registers, pathology, and radiology records. Statistical analysis was done to determine intergroup significance.ResultsA total of 464 thyroid cancer cases from 13 centers across five SA provinces were identified. Most patients presented with a mass (67%). Ultrasound was performed in 82% of patients, and 16.3% underwent surgery without pre‐operative cytology. Of the histologically confirmed thyroid cancers, 61.8% were papillary and 22.1% follicular thyroid cancer. There was a significant association between subtype and geographical area, and T‐stage and operation performed. Surgical complication rates included hematoma in 1.8%, post‐operative hypocalcemia in 28.7%, and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in 3.5%.ConclusionThis first national review describes the landscape of thyroid cancer in SA, revealing considerable differences compared to international studies. It provides valuable insight into the unique South African experience with this disease. In addition, this study serves as an impetus towards a prospective national registry with real‐world data informing contextualized guidelines.