bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are young fathers “hard to reach”? Understanding the importance of relationship building and service sustainability
Authors: Davies Laura 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThis paper explores service provision for young fathers through analysis of data from the three-year ESRC funded project Following Young Fathers. The purpose of this paper is to explore the idea that young fathers are a “hard to reach” group. It begins with a discussion of literature and research evidence on this theme. The empirical discussion draws on data collected in interviews and focus groups with practitioners, service managers and those working to develop and deliver family support services.Design/methodology/approachThe ESRC Following Young Fathers study used qualitative longitudinal methods to research the perspectives of fathers under the age of 25, mapping the availability of services to support them and investigating professional and policy responses to their needs. The strand reported on here focussed on the perspectives of a range of practitioners, service managers and those involved in developing and commissioning services.FindingsThe research findings, and those of other projects discussed in the paper, challenge the idea that young fathers are “hard to reach”, suggesting that we should, conversely, consider that many services are actually hard to access. Thus, increasing young fathers’ engagement requires better understanding of their often complex needs and a reshaping of service design and delivery to account for them. The paper highlights how the configuration, funding and delivery of services can inhibit young fathers’ use of them, and identifies ways in which they could be made more accessible.Originality/valueThe ESRC Following Young Fathers Study filled an important gap in knowledge about the lives of young fathers, developing understandings of their experiences and support needs. The strand reported on here draws on research with practitioners to provide an in-depth discussion of how services currently support young fathers, and how they could be better configured to address their often complex and diverse needs.
Relationship-based early intervention services for children with complex needs: lessons from New Zealand
Authors: Blackburn Carolyn 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
A case study is reported of a relationship-based early intervention (EI) service for children with complex needs in New Zealand. The purpose of this paper is to explore parent and professional views and perceptions about the key characteristics of a relationship-based EI service.

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative study involved interviews and observations with 39 participants (10 children, 11 parents and 18 professionals).

Findings
Parents appreciated the knowledgeable, well-trained professionals who invested time in getting to know (and love) children and families and family practices, worked together in harmony and valued the contribution that parents made to their child’s progress and achievement. Professionals described the key characteristics of the service in terms of the range of therapies offered by the service, the focus on a strengths-based and family-focussed approach, play-based assessments, acceptance and value of family practices (including responsiveness to Maori and bi-culturalism), appropriate and respectful places to meet and greet families and work with children, and recruitment and retention of humble professionals who identified with the ethos of the model. Observable social processes and structures within the delivery of the model include respectful professional interactions and relationships with children and families, integrated professional working, effective and timely communication between professionals and families, pedagogy of listening, waiting and personalisation, engaged families and actively participating children.

Originality/value
This case study emphasises the significance of professional love and relational pedagogy to EI services and the value of this to improving parent-child relationships and children’s long-term outcomes.
Preferences on transformable dresses for sustainability
Authors: Ma Yoon Jin , Koo Helen 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this research is to investigate users’ expectations and preferences for transformable design functions of transformable party dresses to extend the life cycle of the clothing. With transformable design elements added to a party dress, a user can wear her one-event dress more than once, encouraging sustainable consumption. Rather than looking for a new dress, users can wear their party dress with one or even several new looks.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through purposive sampling from female college students who had purchased at least one party dress. The survey questionnaire was self-developed based on the literature review and consisted of items that measured fashion behavior in relation to party dresses; shopping orientations, focusing on confident/appearance and fashion-consciousness, economic/price consciousness and convenience/time-consciousness; perceived importance of design and functional elements in party dresses; perceived reasons for the limited use of party dresses; perceived importance of design elements of transformable dresses; purchase intention for transformable dresses; and demographic characteristics.

Findings
As consumer groups of diverse shopping orientations demonstrated purchase intentions for transformable party dresses, transformable features may become an important component of party dresses. Considering the main reasons for users’ limited use of party dresses, designers need to improve the versatility of the dresses’ design and functional elements, focusing on style and occasion, dress length, size/fit, silhouette and color/pattern, so that users can wear their party dresses more than once and ultimately enhance their sustainable apparel consumption practices.

Originality/value
The findings regarding users’ expectations and preferences for transformable party dresses can help apparel designers and fashion businesses understand potential users when developing transformable dresses and develop strategies to help with sustainable apparel consumption.
Septic Ketoacidosis—A Potentially Lethal Entity with Renal Tubular Epithelial Vacuolization
Authors: Zhou Chong , Byard Roger W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractFatal ketoacidosis due to diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, and starvation may produce characteristic basal vacuolization of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC). Septic ketoacidosis has recently been recognized clinically as a distinct condition in which septicemia can lead to elevation of ketones and various anions unrelated to diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, or caloric deprivation. We report four lethal cases with significantly elevated vitreous ketones secondary to sepsis and/or severe localized infection in individuals with no history of diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, or starvation. Three of four cases exhibited typical basal vacuolization of RTEC. We suggest that septic ketoacidosis is an appropriate cause of death in the forensic setting where sepsis or severe localized infection is found with significant ketoacidosis (β‐hydroxybutyrate > 5 mmol/L)—in the absence of diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, starvation, or other states associated with accelerated ketogenesis. The finding of basal vacuolization of RTEC in such cases provides morphological support for the underlying metabolic derangement.
Intracellular metabolite profiling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae evolved under furfural
Authors: Jung Young Hoon , Kim Sooah , Yang Jungwoo , Seo Jin‐Ho , Kim Kyoung Heon 
Published: December 2016

SummaryFurfural, one of the most common inhibitors in pre‐treatment hydrolysates, reduces the cell growth and ethanol production of yeast. Evolutionary engineering has been used as a selection scheme to obtain yeast strains that exhibit furfural tolerance. However, the response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to furfural at the metabolite level during evolution remains unknown. In this study, evolutionary engineering and metabolomic analyses were applied to determine the effects of furfural on yeasts and their metabolic response to continuous exposure to furfural. After 50 serial transfers of cultures in the presence of furfural, the evolved strains acquired the ability to stably manage its physiological status under the furfural stress. A total of 98 metabolites were identified, and their abundance profiles implied that yeast metabolism was globally regulated. Under the furfural stress, stress‐protective molecules and cofactor‐related mechanisms were mainly induced in the parental strain. However, during evolution under the furfural stress, S. cerevisiae underwent global metabolic allocations to quickly overcome the stress, particularly by maintaining higher levels of metabolites related to energy generation, cofactor regeneration and recovery from cellular damage. Mapping the mechanisms of furfural tolerance conferred by evolutionary engineering in the present study will be led to rational design of metabolically engineered yeasts.
Identification of differentially expressed genes in longissimus muscle of pigs with high and low intramuscular fat content using RNA sequencing
Authors: Lim K. S. , Lee K. T. , Park J. E. , Chung W. H. , Jang G. W. , Choi B. H. , Hong K. C. , Kim T. H. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryIntramuscular fat (IMF) content in pork is an important element of consumer preference and is positively correlated with meat quality, including tenderness and juiciness. With advances in RNA sequencing technologies, transcriptome‐related differences can be associated with specific traits in animals. The objective of this study was to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) closely related to IMF content in porcine longissimus muscle using RNA sequencing. A total of 107 Berkshire pigs were used for IMF content measurements, and significant differences between extremely high (H, n = 3) and low (L, n = 3) IMF content groups were found (P < 0.0001). From multi‐dimensional scaling analyses, it was observed that the relationships between H and L groups were similar to each other. Here, we identified a total of 134 genes that were differentially expressed between the groups (false discovery rate <0.05; fold change ≥2). Functional analyses with DEGs revealed that lipid metabolism (SCD and FASN) was one of the significant biological processes related to IMF content determination. In addition, we found that DEGs related to muscle regeneration (MYOG and VEGFA) and extracellular matrix (COL1A1, COL1A2, COL5A1, COL14A1 and COL15A1) were changed among individuals with extreme IMF contents. These results will aid in understanding the regulation of IMF content in pigs.
A feasibility study of awake videolaryngoscope‐assisted intubation in patients with periglottic tumour using the channelled King Vision® videolaryngoscope
Authors: Markova L. , Stopar‐Pintaric T. , Luzar T. , Benedik J. , Hodzovic I. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryAirway management in patients with periglottic tumour is a high‐risk procedure with potentially serious consequences. There is no consensus on how best to secure the airway in this group of patients. We conducted a feasibility study of awake tracheal intubation using a King Vision® videolaryngoscope with a channelled blade in a cohort of 25 patients, with a periglottic tumour requiring diagnostic or radical surgery. We used 10% and 4% lidocaine to topicalise the airway and midazolam and remifentanil for sedation. We recorded the success rate, number of attempts, time to obtain glottic view, time to intubation and complications. Twenty‐three of the 25 patients (92%, 95%CI 75–98%) were intubated with the awake videolaryngoscope‐assisted technique, with 17/23 (74%, 95%CI 54–87%) intubations achieved at the first attempt. Five patients required two and one patient, three attempts at intubation. Two patients (8%, 95%CI 2–25%) could not tolerate the procedure due to inadequate topical anaesthesia. Median (IQR [range]) times to obtain glottic view and to intubate were 19 (17–22 [10–30]) s and 49 (42–71 [33–107]) s, respectively. Traces of blood in the airway were observed in 4/25 (16%, 95%CI 6–35%) patients. Although airway management in this group of patients was expected to be difficult, successful awake intubation with the King Vision videolaryngoscope was achieved in the majority of patients within less than a minute. This study highlights a number of potential advantages of awake videolaryngoscope‐assisted intubation over other awake methods of securing the airway in patients with upper airway obstruction due to periglottic mass.
The Universal Anaesthesia Machine (UAM): assessment of a new anaesthesia workstation built with global health in mind
Authors: de Beer D. A. H. , Nesbitt F. D. , Bell G. T. , Rapuleng A. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe Universal Anaesthesia Machine has been developed as a complete anaesthesia workstation for use in low‐ and middle‐income countries, where the provision of safe general anaesthesia is often compromised by unreliable supply of electricity and anaesthetic gases. We performed a functional and clinical assessment of this anaesthetic machine, with particular reference to novel features and functioning in the intended environment. The Universal Anaesthesia Machine was found to be reliable, safe and consistent across a range of tests during targeted functional testing.
Development and external validation of a biopsy‐derived nomogram to predict risk of ipsilateral extraprostatic extension
Authors: Sayyid Rashid , Perlis Nathan , Ahmad Ardalanejaz , Evans Andrew , Toi Ants , Horrigan Michael , Finelli Antonio , Zlotta Alexandre , Kulkarni Girish , Hamilton Robert , Morash Christopher , Fleshner Neil 
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesTo develop and externally validate a nomogram that predicts risk of side‐specific extraprostatic extension (EPE) at time of surgery, using commonly available preoperative markers.Materials and MethodsA consecutive sample of 753 men treated by radical prostatectomy (RP) at the University Health Network, Toronto, between 2009 and 2015, was used to develop the nomogram. The validation cohort consisted of 311 men treated by RP at Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, between 1992 and 2014. The study outcome was presence of ipsilateral EPE. The association between predictors considered and EPE was tested using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The predictive accuracy of the nomogram was determined using the area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve.ResultsThe overall rate of EPE was 19.8% of all lobes in the developmental cohort and 28.9% in the validation cohort. Significant variables in the models were age, prostate‐specific antigen and ipsilateral Gleason score, percentage of positive cores and highest core involvement (all P < 0.05). The nomogram predicting risk of EPE had a predictive accuracy of 0.74 in the external validation cohort.ConclusionWe developed and externally validated a nomogram that predicts the risk of ipsilateral EPE based on commonly used preoperative markers. This nomogram may be used to assist surgical decision‐making prior to RP.
Increased mitochondrial ROS generation mediates the loss of the anti‐contractile effects of perivascular adipose tissue in high‐fat diet obese mice
Authors: da Costa Rafael Menezes , Fais Rafael S , Dechandt Carlos R P , Louzada‐Junior Paulo , Alberici Luciane C , Lobato Núbia S , Tostes Rita C 
Published: December 2016

Background and PurposeObesity is associated with structural and functional changes in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), favouring release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), vasoconstrictor and proinflammatory factors. The cytokine TNF‐α induces vascular dysfunction and is produced by PVAT. We tested the hypothesis that obesity‐associated PVAT dysfunction was mediated by augmented mitochondrial ROS (mROS) generation due to increased TNF‐α production in this tissue.Experimental ApproachC57Bl/6J and TNF‐α receptor‐deficient mice received control or high fat diet (HFD) for 18 weeks. We used pharmacological tools to determine the participation of mROS in PVAT dysfunction. Superoxide anion (O2.‐) and H2O2 were assayed in PVAT and aortic rings were used to assess vascular function.Key ResultsAortae from HFD‐fed obese mice displayed increased contractions to phenylephrine and loss of PVAT anti‐contractile effect. Inactivation of O2.‐, dismutation of mitochondria‐derived H2O2, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and Rho kinase inhibition, decreased phenylephrine‐induced contractions in aortae with PVAT from HFD‐fed mice. O2.‐ and H2O2 were increased in PVAT from HFD‐fed mice. Mitochondrial respiration analysis revealed decreased O2 consumption rates in PVAT from HFD‐fed mice. TNF‐α inhibition reduced H2O2 levels in PVAT from HFD‐fed mice. PVAT dysfunction, i.e. increased contraction to phenylephrine in PVAT‐intact aortae, was not observed in HFD‐obese mice lacking TNF‐α receptors. Generation of H2O2 was prevented in PVAT from TNF‐α receptor deficient obese mice.Conclusion and ImplicationsTNF‐α‐induced mitochondrial oxidative stress is a key and novel mechanism involved in obesity‐associated PVAT dysfunction. These findings elucidate molecular mechanisms whereby oxidative stress in PVAT could affect vascular function.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Perivascular Adipose Tissue – Potential Pharmacological Targets? To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.20/issuetoc
Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery as primary stand‐alone surgery for glaucoma
Authors: Kerr Nathan M , Wang Jing , Barton Keith 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRecently, many new devices and procedures have been developed to lower intraocular pressure in a less invasive and purportedly safer manner than traditional glaucoma surgery. These new devices might encourage an earlier transition to surgery and reduce the long‐term commitment to topical glaucoma medications with their associated compliance and intolerance issues. Although often seen as an adjunct to cataract surgery, a growing body of evidence suggests that primary minimally invasive glaucoma surgery may be a viable initial treatment option. New studies have shown that primary ab interno trabeculectomy (Trabectome, NeoMedix Inc., Tustin, CA, USA), trabecular micro‐bypass stent insertion (iStent and iStent Inject, Glaukos Corporation, Laguna Hills, CA, USA), canalicular scaffolding (Hydrus, Invantis Inc., Irvine CA, USA), the ab interno gel Implant (XEN, Allergan, Dublin, Ireland) or supraciliary stenting (CyPass Micro‐Stent, Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA) may lower the lowering intraocular pressure and/or topical medication burden in phakic or pseudophakic patients with glaucoma. This effect seems to last at least 12 months but reliable cost‐effectiveness and quality of life indicators have not yet been established by investigator‐initiated randomized trials of sufficient size and duration.
Self‐care tools to treat depressive symptoms in patients with age‐related eye disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Kamga Hortence , McCusker Jane , Yaffe Mark , Sewitch Maida , Sussman Tamara , Strumpf Erin , Olivier Sébastien , Wittich Walter , Moghadaszadeh Solmaz , Freeman Ellen E 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundDepression is very common in people with age‐related eye disease. Our goal was to determine if self‐care tools plus limited telephone support could reduce depressive symptoms in patients with age‐related macular degeneration or diabetic retinopathy.DesignA single‐blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at Maisonneuve‐Rosemont Hospital in Montreal, Canada.ParticipantsEighty participants were recruited.MethodsTo be eligible, participants must have had either late stage age‐related macular degeneration or diabetic retinopathy, at least mild depressive symptoms, and visual acuity better than 20/200. Half were randomized to the intervention arm and half to delayed intervention/usual care. The intervention consisted of large print written and audio tools incorporating cognitive‐behavioral principles plus three 10‐minute telephone calls from a lay coach. Eight‐week follow‐up data were collected by telephone.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was the 8‐week change in depressive symptoms as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9. Secondary outcomes included anxiety, life space and self‐efficacy.ResultsThe baseline mean logMAR visual acuity was 0.37 (SD = 0.20), and the baseline mean Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 score was 9.5 (SD = 3.9) indicating moderate depressive symptoms. After adjusting for baseline imbalances in visual acuity, the intervention reduced depressive symptoms by 2.1 points more than usual care (P = 0.040). The intervention was not associated with the secondary outcomes (P > 0.05).ConclusionsSelf‐care tools plus telephone coaching led to a modest improvement in depressive symptoms in patients with age‐related eye disease. Additional research on how to maximize their effect is necessary.
Sampling methodology and site selection in the National Eye Health Survey: an Australian population‐based prevalence study
Authors: Foreman Joshua , Keel Stuart , Dunn Ross , van Wijngaarden Peter , Taylor Hugh R , Dirani Mohamed 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundThis paper presents the sampling methodology of the National Eye Health Survey that aimed to determine the prevalence of vision impairment and blindness in Australia.DesignThe National Eye Health Survey is a cross‐sectional population‐based survey.ParticipantsIndigenous Australians aged 40 years and older and non‐Indigenous Australians aged 50 years and older residing in all levels of geographic remoteness in Australia.MethodsUsing multistage, random‐cluster sampling, 30 geographic areas were selected to provide samples of 3000 non‐Indigenous Australians and 1400 Indigenous Australians. Sampling involved (i) selecting Statistical Area‐ Level 2 sites, stratified by remoteness; (ii) selecting Statistical Area‐ Level 1 sites within Statistical Area‐ Level 2 sites to provide targeted samples; and (iii) grouping of contiguous Statistical Area‐ Level 1 sites or replacing Statistical Area‐ Level 1 sites to provide sufficient samples.Main Outcome MeasuresThe main outcome measures involved Sites sites selected and participants sampled in the survey.ResultsThirty sites were generated, including 12 Major City sites, 6 Inner Regional sites, 6 Outer Regional sites, 4 Remote sites and 2 Very Remote sites. Three thousand ninety‐eight non‐Indigenous participants and 1738 Indigenous participants were recruited. Selection of Statistical Area‐ Level 1 site overestimated the number of eligible residents in all sites. About 20% (6/30) of Statistical Area‐ Level 1 sites were situated in non‐residential bushland, and 26.67% (8/30) of Statistical Area‐ Level 1 populations had low eligibility or accessibility, requiring replacement.ConclusionsRepresentative samples of Indigenous and non‐Indigenous Australians were selected, recruited and tested, providing the first national data on the prevalence of vision impairment and blindness in Australia.