bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Reinvention
Authors: Ramnarayan S , Nilakant V 
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the psychological aspects of reinvention by initially discussing the case of a failed reinvention in a large engineering organization (LEO). The change involved initiation of business planning in each of its three major plants to spur development of new products and value-added products. This required altering mindsets or routines. Routines had to be changed with regard to the behaviour of individuals at junior levels, actions at senior levels, basis for actions, norms for sharing information, assuming responsibility, communicating expectations, working across functions and so on. When there is little attention paid to altering routines, change programme does not stand much chance of success. The change at LEO also required a clear and shared understanding of the final destination. The issue of sub-goals pulling in different directions had to be examined. In LEO, while there was clarity on what was needed to be changed and why, there was little exploration of how changes could be brought about. The organizational architecture at LEO did not allow the change to take roots. Yet, neither the organizational architecture was changed nor its incompatibility considered and factored in. Thus, the existing organizational arrangements were ignored in the mental maps of the key decision-makers. As a result, they were surprised by the unexpected resistance to change and were even paralysed by it. As the challenges of mindsets, final destination, and existing organizational architecture were not addressed, there was absence of effective conversations and distortions in people's thinking and actions. Ineffective conversations made it difficult to integrate information, ideas, and insights distributed across different levels and functions into thinking and actions that are appropriate for the demands of the problem. Distortion in people's thinking was reflected in their behaviour of ignoring real problems and getting busy with pseudo-challenges that could protect their sense of competence. When individuals feel marginalized, experience little or no support or recognition, they tend not to engage with the problems that they believe are too large for them to make a difference. After examining the major hurdles to the success of reinvention, this paper discusses the story of successful transformation of Nissan. The case examines how the goal setting was approached how cross-functional teams were created to address the organizational architecture demands for Nissan's strategic challenges what was done to provide key actors a sense of competence and control as they approached the fuzzy destination and uncharted terrain. The paper then derives key lessons on how to manage reinvention. More specifically, implications are discussed in terms of how destination can be clarified and goals set, how structural barriers to engagement can be removed, and how routines can be attended to so that understanding of reality is influenced and effective conversations are promoted.
Taking Charge and Leading Reinvention: Some Insights
Authors: Dixit Mukund R 
Published: August 2016

This paper presents the insights obtained from a study of reinvention efforts of five Preliberalization Indian Organizations (PLIOs) in India. It delineates the process of taking charge and the phases in reinvention. PLIOs—public sector undertakings, subsidiaries of multinational companies, corporations set up by large business houses, and cooperative enterprises — found themselves at crossroads as the economic reforms with their thrust on competitiveness, globalization, and privatization unfolded. The business challenges posed by the reforms were accentuated by the changes in the communication and information technologies that broke the distance and time barriers. In addition, the PLIOs had to grapple with new ideas, concepts, frameworks, and processes in managing organizations. They had to build capabilities to face new entrants with superior experience and reach and compete for a share in the domestic and international markets. They also had to build capabilities to explore new opportunities. The gap between what needed to be accomplished and what the organizations were immediately capable of accomplishing was significant. The leaders of the organizations studied had initiated efforts to reinvent themselves and build the capabilities needed. While their business domains differed, they faced similar problems in initiating the reinvention, similar learning and unlearning challenges, and similar phases in effecting the reinvention. Each leader was empowered to design and implement the reinvention. While the overall expectations were spelt out, the approach and the actions were not. The organizations passed through similar phases. The phases identified by the paper are: House-keeping and catch-up, experimentation and innovation, and dynamic multiplication. The paper discusses in detail the facilitators and constraints in each phase and the issues in making the transition from one phase to the other. The major findings of the paper are as follows: The duration of the organization in each phase and its transition to the next were dependent on the response of the stakeholders to the initiatives of the organization and the consequent pay-offs and spin-offs. The leaders who made it to the next phase did not wait till the current phase was fully completed. They disengaged themselves from active involvement in the phase while it was still on and committed resources to the next phase. Both the leader and the organization learnt and unlearnt together as the reinvention effort passed from one phase to the next. The paper points out that it is important to recognize the contribution of the leader and the managers involved to the reinvention success, especially the middle managers, and reward them to retain their competencies. The paper also notes that reinvention efforts could lead to complacency and decline. The leaders should guard themselves and their organizations against them.
Mechanical properties, biological behaviour and drug release capability of nano TiO2-HAp-Alginate composite scaffolds for potential application as bone implant material
Authors: Naik Kshipra , Chandran V Girish , Rajashekaran Raghavan , Waigaonkar Sachin , Kowshik Meenal 
Published: August 2016

Nanocomposite scaffolds of TiO2 and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with alginate as the binding agent were fabricated using the freeze drying technique. TiO2, hydroxyapatite and alginate were used in the ratio of 1:1:4. The scaffolds were characterized using X-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds was evaluated using cell adhesion and MTT assay on osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that cells adhered to the surface of the scaffolds with good spreading. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were investigated using dynamic mechanical analysis. The swelling ability, porosity, in vitro degradation, and biomineralization of the scaffolds were also evaluated. The results indicated controlled swelling, limited degradation, and enhanced biomineralization. Further, drug delivery studies of the scaffolds using the chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate exhibited an ideal drug release profile. These scaffolds are proposed as potential candidates for bone tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.
Does robot-assisted gait training improve ambulation in highly disabled multiple sclerosis people? A pilot randomized control trial
Authors: Pompa Alessandra , Morone Giovanni , Iosa Marco , Pace Luca , Catani Sheila , Casillo Paolo , Clemenzi Alessandro , Troisi Elio , Tonini Angelo , Paolucci Stefano , Grasso Maria Grazia 
Published: August 2016

Background: Robotic training is commonly used to assist walking training in patients affected by multiple sclerosis (MS) with non-conclusive results. Objective: To compare the effect of robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) with that of conventional walking training (CWT) on gait competencies, global ability, fatigue and spasticity in a group of severely affected patients with MS. Methods: A pilot, single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in 43 severe (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 6–7.5) and non-autonomous ambulant in-patients with MS. Experimental group performed 12 sessions of RAGT, whereas control group performed the same amount of CWT. Primary outcome measures were gait ability assessed by 2 minutes walking test and Functional Ambulatory Category; secondary outcomes were global ability (modified Barthel Index), global mobility (Rivermead Mobility Index), severity of disease (EDSS) and subjectively perceived fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale). Results: The number of subjects who achieved a clinical significant improvement was significantly higher in RAGT than in CWT ( p < 0.05 for both primary outcome measures). RAGT also led to an improvement in all the other clinical parameters (global ability: p < 0.001, global mobility: p < 0.001, EDSS: p = 0.014 and fatigue: p = 0.001). Conclusions: RAGT improved the walking competencies in non-autonomous ambulant patients with MS, with benefits in terms of perceived fatigue.
The design and application of an e-health readiness assessment tool
Authors: Gholamhosseini Leila , Ayatollahi Haleh 
Published: August 2016

Background: To date, several models have been developed to evaluate e-health readiness in healthcare organisations; however, no specific tool has been designed to assess or measure e-health readiness. Objective: The aim of this research was to design an e-health readiness assessment tool and to apply this tool to two Iranian hospitals to assess their readiness for the implementation of e-health. Method: The study, which was undertaken in 2012, consisted of three phases: (i) review of existing models of e-health; (ii) design of an e-health readiness assessment tool; and (iii) trial of the assessment tool in two Iranian hospitals. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review that informed the development of the tool. In phase 2, we developed an e-health readiness assessment tool with feedback using two questionnaires from 40 employees from two teaching hospitals in Iran. In phase 3, we applied the tool to the same two Iranian teaching hospitals. Participants who completed the questionnaires were from management, health information technology, medical and nursing backgrounds and were familiar with e-health. A purposive sampling method was used to invite them to take part in the study. Data from the questionnaires were analysed using factor analysis and descriptive statistics. Results: Five dimensions and twenty-one indices were selected to be included in the e-health readiness tool. The 5 dimensions and their relative importance were e-health readiness (16%), information and communication technology (ICT) functions (15%), environmental readiness (20%), human resources readiness (29%) and ICT readiness (20%). The total e-health readiness scores for hospital A and hospital B were 0.22 and 0.4, respectively (a score of 1 is the ideal). Conclusion: It is important to assess the e-health readiness of hospitals to save time and money and be able to better prepare for ICT implementations. The e-health readiness assessment tool provides a relatively simple method for assessing hospitals and provides essential information to assist healthcare facilities focus preparations and planning for e-health implementations.
A Case-Control Study Comparing Bone Bruising and Intra-articular Injuries in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With and Without Medial Collateral Ligament Tears
Authors: Kluczynski Melissa A. , Marzo John M. , Rauh Michael A. , Bernas Geoffrey A. , Bisson Leslie J. 
Published: August 2016

Background: Concomitant injuries can occur in patients with combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) tears; however, no studies have compared these injuries in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction with an MCL tear to those with an intact MCL. Purpose: To compare bone bruising, meniscus tears, and chondral lesions in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction with an MCL tear (cases) to those with an intact MCL (controls). Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Thirty-two cases and 352 controls were identified from a prospective registry. Bone bruising was confirmed on magnetic resonance imaging, and meniscus tears and chondral lesions were confirmed arthroscopically. Demographics and concomitant injuries were compared between cases and controls using exact chi-square tests. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and mechanism and type of injury. Results: Cases had significantly more contact injuries than controls (58.1% vs 21.3%, P < .0001). The prevalence and odds of bone bruising of the lateral tibial plateau (89.7% vs 84.6%; P = .59; OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 0.45-27.71), lateral femoral condyle (82.8% vs 72.8%; P = .28; OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 0.64-5.88), medial tibial plateau (20.7% vs 31.7%; P = 0.29; OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.19-1.53), and medial femoral condyle (6.9% vs 8.3%; P ≥ .999; OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.21-5.40) did not differ significantly between cases and controls. The prevalence and odds of lateral meniscus tears (53.3% vs 43%; P = .34; OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 0.76-4.52), medial meniscus tears (31.3% vs 33.5%; P = .85; OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.37-2.21), and chondral lesions (16% vs 10.8%; P = .50; OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.15-3.21) also did not significantly differ between cases and controls. Conclusion: ACL-MCL injuries were most often due to a contact mechanism, whereas ACL tears without associated MCL injury were more frequently due to a noncontact mechanism. However, there were no significant differences in concomitant injuries in ACL-MCL knees versus ACL knees.
Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Salvatierra Karina , Florez Hector 
Published: August 2016

Introduction: Infections with hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) are a major global health problem. Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on hemodialysis constitute a population at risk of HBV and HCV infections. Objective: Determining prevalence of the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) and antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in patients who attended dialysis units in the city of Posadas (Argentina). Materials and methods: The studied population comprised 172 patients with CRF in hemodialysis. HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: On a total of 172 hemodialysis patients included in the study, 98 were males (57%) and 74 were females (43%), aged between 12 and 85 years (mean 53.4). 8.7% (15/172) of the patients were positive for HBsAg and 9.9% (17/172) were positive for anti-HCV reagents. 72.1% of patients had a hemodialysis treatment time of less than 5 years. A history of having received previous transfusions was observed in both HBsAg positive cases (7/15) and the anti-HCV positive cases (5/17). Elevated transaminase levels were observed in patients with positive and negative serology. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate a high prevalence of serological markers for HBV and HCV in patients with CRF on hemodialysis in city of Posadas (Argentina), as compared to cities in developed countries.
Paternal and maternal age at pregnancy and autism spectrum disorders in offspring
Authors: Budi Luh Putu Rihayani , Sitaresmi Mei Neni , Windiani I Gusti Ayu Trisna 
Published: August 2016

Background The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders(ASDs) has increased 10 times over the past half century,while paternal and maternal age at pregnancy has alsoincreased. Studies looking for an association between paternalor maternal age at pregnancy and ASDs in offspring have notbeen conclusive.Objective To assess for possible associations between paternaland maternal age at pregnancy and ASDs in offspring.Methods This case-control study had 50 case and 100control subjects, each case was matched for age and genderto two controls. Case subjects were obtained by consecutivesampling of patients aged 18 months to 7 years who visited theDevelopmental Behavioral & Community Pediatrics OutpatientClinic and private growth and development centers from Januaryto April 2013, while control group were children of the sameage range and same gender who visited pediatric outpatientclinic at Sanglah Hospital mostly due to acute respiratory tractinfection, without ASDs as assessed by the DSM-IV-TR criteria.We interviewed parents to collect the following data: maternaland paternal age at pregnancy, child’s birth weight, historyof asphyxia, hospital admission during the neonatal period,pathological labor, maternal smoking during pregnancy, paternalsmoking, and gestational age. Data analysis was performed withChi-square and Fisher’s exact tests.Results Multivariable analysis showed that higher paternal ageat pregnancy was associated with ASDs in offspring (OR 6.3;95%CI 2.0 to 19.3; P 0.001). However, there was no significantassociation between maternal age during pregnancy and theincidence of ASDs. Asphyxia and paternal smoking were alsoassociated with higher incidence of ASDs in the offspring (OR10.3; 95%CI 1.9 to 56.5; P 0.007 and OR 3.2; 95%CI 1.5 to 6.9;P 0.003, respectively).Conclusion􀀃􀀳􀁄􀁗􀁈􀁕􀁑􀁄􀁏􀀃􀁄􀁊􀁈􀀃􀂕􀀗􀀓􀀃􀁜􀁈􀁄􀁕􀁖􀀃􀁌􀁑􀁆􀁕􀁈􀁄􀁖􀁈􀁇􀀃􀁗􀁋􀁈􀀃􀁕􀁌􀁖􀁎􀀃􀁒􀁉􀀃􀀤􀀶'􀁖􀀃in offspring by 6.3 times. In addition, paternal smoking increased the risk of ASDs in offspring by 3.2 times and asphyxia increasedthe risk of ASDs in offspring by 10.3 times.
Influence of Nitriding and Laser Remelting on Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel Type X10CrNi18-8 and Cavitation Erosion Resistance
Authors: Sitko A. , Szkodo M. , Kucharski S. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The paper presents properties of surface layers. Surface layers were obtained by using low temperature glow–discharge nitriding process and laser remelting carried out on austenitic stainless steel type X10CrNi18-8. Investigations were done by using an Ultra Nanoindentation Tester (UNHT) in the Warsaw Institute of Fundamental Technological Research. The influence of the above mentioned treatments on obtained surface layers is shown. The values of the Vickers hardness (HV), the irreversible indentation work (Wir), the reversible work (We) and the maximum depth (hmax) during indentation were determined using the method proposed by Oliver and Pharr [1]. On the basis of mechanical properties, the elasticity (Ie) and ductility (Iir) indexes were calculated. Moreover, microstructure cross-section of the austenitic stainless steel after nitriding process and laser remelting was observed using a scanning electron microscope. Cavitation test was performed at a vibratory rig with stationary specimen. On the basis of erosion curves the cavitation resistance was evaluated.
Concept of a Conducting Composite Material for Lightning Strike Protection
Authors: Katunin A. , Krukiewicz K. , Herega A. , Catalanotti G. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The paper focuses on development of a multifunctional material which allows conducting of electrical current and simultaneously holds mechanical properties of a polymeric composite. Such material could be applied for exterior fuselage elements of an aircraft in order to minimize damage occurring during lightning strikes. The concept introduced in this paper is presented from the points of view of various scientific disciplines including materials science, chemistry, structural physics and mechanical engineering with a discussion on results achieved to-date and further plans of research.
Initiation of Damage to the Hot Part of Aircraft Turbine Engines
Authors: Szczepankowski Andrzej , Szymczak Janusz 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In the paper, the initiation causes of damage to flame tubes of a basic combustion chamber and turbine units, which are the most common in the operation process of aircraft turbine engines (ATE), were presented. They were illustrated with the use of numerous examples of progressing degradation of the surface condition of parts and components of various types of aircraft engines which was found during endoscopic controls.
On the basis of the systematic observation results, the process of destruction of the turbine rotor ring blades’ surface was discussed. The attention was paid to the current and still valid evaluation of the aircraft turbine engine’s suitability for further operation, taking into account the specifics of its use.
Qualitative and Quantitave Risk Evaluation on the Basis of Military Aviation Event Analysis
Authors: Zieja Mariusz , Smoliński Henryk , Gołda Paweł 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Risk management is understood as a process supporting decision making through systemic assessment of possible courses of action, identification of hazards and benefits, and indication of the best way to carry out aviation tasks.
The article presents a method of qualitative and quantitative risk assessment on the basis of military aviation incident analysis. The procedure of the suggested approach is contained in a probability and severity degree estimation algorithm and in subsequent steps: of identifying the risk factor (CZN) of a given category, analysis of risk associated with a given CZN, determination of risk, defining correcting actions, risk forecasting and its verification over the following assessment period. A simplified block diagram presents a proposal of the implementation of a qualitative and quantitative risk estimation procedure with the use of the TURAWA IT system, which function in the air forces.
Improving Detection Results of Differential Background Subtraction Method by Merging it with C-HDC Algorithm
Authors: Kowaleczko Piotr , Rokita Przemysław 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA method which allows to improve object detection abilities of conventional difference-based background subtraction algorithm has been presented in this paper. The algorithm is a hybrid method consisting of the background subtraction method and the Contour Histogram Displacement Calculation (C-HDC) algorithm. Background subtraction method processes a greyscale image, while C-HDC calculates displacement values basing on its contour histograms. Tracking ratios before, and after merging with C-HDC have been measured and presented.
Możliwości synchronizacji torów pomiarowych dwóch różnych prądnic przetworników
Authors: Gębura Andrzej , Zieja Mirosław 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
W artykule omówiono zagadnienia związane z możliwościami zastosowania dwóch różnych rodzajów prądnic jednocześnie: prądnicy trójfazowej prądu przemiennego i prądnicy komutatorowej prądu stałego. Co więcej, prądnice te współdziałałyby synchronicznie ze sobą zarówno na etapie próbkowania elektromaszynowego, jak i na etapie próbkowania elektronicznego. Umożliwiłoby to strukturalną poprawę czułości i rozdzielczości. Jednocześnie otworzyłoby to nowe możliwości obserwacji nowych rodzajów zjawisk mechanicznych (nieśledzonych dotychczas metodami FAM-C i FDM-A), m.in. skręceń wałów transmisji.
Regular statistical convergence of multiple sequences
Authors: Móricz Ferenc 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The concepts of statistical convergence of single and multiple sequences of complex numbers were introduced in [2] and [8], respectively. In this paper, we introduce the concept indicated in the title. We prove that if a d-multiple sequence is regularly statistically convergent, then its statistical limit can be computed as the iterated statistical limit of the statistical limits of its subsequences which correspond to an arbitrary partition of the index set {1,2,..., d}, d ≥ 2. As an application, we prove that if a function ƒ is in Lp(Td) for some p > 1, T = [0, 2π), then the (symmetric) rectangular partial sums of its d-multiple Fourier series are regularly statistically convergent to ƒ { u1, . . . , ud) at almost every point (u1,..., ud) ∈Td. Furthermore, if ƒ is in C(Td), then the regular statistical convergence of the rectangular partial sums takes place uniformly on Td.