bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers for equine joint injury and osteoarthritis
Authors: McIlwraith C. Wayne , Kawcak Christopher E. , Frisbie David D. , Little Christopher B. , Clegg Peter D. , Peffers Mandy J. , Karsdal Morten A. , Ekman Stina , Laverty Sheila , Slayden Richard A. , Sandell Linda J. , Lohmander L. S. , Kraus Virginia B. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTWe report the results of a symposium aimed at identifying validated biomarkers that can be used to complement clinical observations for diagnosis and prognosis of joint injury leading to equine osteoarthritis (OA). Biomarkers might also predict pre‐fracture change that could lead to catastrophic bone failure in equine athletes. The workshop was attended by leading scientists in the fields of equine and human musculoskeletal biomarkers to enable cross‐disciplinary exchange and improve knowledge in both. Detailed proceedings with strategic planning was written, added to, edited and referenced to develop this manuscript. The most recent information from work in equine and human osteoarthritic biomarkers was accumulated, including the use of personalized healthcare to stratify OA phenotypes, transcriptome analysis of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscal injuries in the human knee. The spectrum of “wet” biomarker assays that are antibody based that have achieved usefulness in both humans and horses, imaging biomarkers and the role they can play in equine and human OA was discussed. Prediction of musculoskeletal injury in the horse remains a challenge, and the potential usefulness of spectroscopy, metabolomics, proteomics, and development of biobanks to classify biomarkers in different stages of equine and human OA were reviewed. The participants concluded that new information and studies in equine musculoskeletal biomarkers have potential translational value for humans and vice versa. OA is equally important in humans and horses, and the welfare issues associated with catastrophic musculoskeletal injury in horses add further emphasis to the need for good validated biomarkers in the horse. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:823–831, 2018.
Next Generation of Jigless Robot Welding
Authors: Högel Ralf 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTechnicians around the globe are preoccupied with the concept of fully automatic, just‐in‐time welding of different components down to a batch size of 1 in unattended operation without time‐consuming set‐up. For an Austrian global market leader in formwork solutions this vision has already become lived reality.
Effects of sediment disturbance regimes onSpartinaseedling establishment: Implications for salt marsh creation and restoration
Authors: Cao Haobing , Zhu Zhenchang , Balke Thorsten , Zhang Liquan , Bouma Tjeerd J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSeedling establishment is an important process relevant for the restoration of salt marsh within the framework of sustainable coastal defense schemes. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted how the short‐term (i.e., the day‐to‐day) sediment dynamics can form major bottlenecks for seedling establishment. Until recently, studies on quantifying the threshold values of such short‐term sediment dynamics for marsh seedlings remain rare. As accretion/erosion trends and dynamics may differ greatly under global change, we study the effects of short‐term sediment disturbance‐regimes on seedling establishment of two globally distributed foundation species:Spartina alternifloraandSpartina anglica. Seedlings with different disturbance‐free periods were exposed to a set of different accretion/erosion‐regimes in the laboratory. Seedling survival appeared to be much more sensitive to erosion than accretion, seedlings with short disturbance‐free periods were more sensitive than seedlings with longer ones, andS. alterniflorawas more sensitive thanS. anglica. Seedlings were less sensitive to gradual changes in sediment height (accretion/erosion) than to abrupt changes where time for morphological adjustment is lacking. Critical erosion depth (the maximum erosion that seedlings are able to withstand) was shown to mainly depend on sedimentation history. Our results confirm that the establishment ofSpartinaseedlings requires a flooding disturbance‐free “window of opportunity” and that sediment disturbances affect their survival both directly and via morphological adjustment. These results provide fundamental insights into seedling establishment that can be used for designing engineering measures to create suitable conditions and enable marsh creation/restoration for nature goals or as part of coastal defense schemes under global change.
Green Tea Makes Polyphenol Nanoparticles with Radical‐Scavenging Activities
Authors: Xiang Siying , Yang Peng , Guo Hao , Zhang Shu , Zhang Xiaokang , Zhu Fang , Li Yiwen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe constant demand for functional nanomaterials from natural biomass polymers usually requires new “green” synthetic strategies without using any foreign additives. Here, the green fabrication of a series of polyphenol nanoparticles (PNs) only from green tea extraction compounds is reported (i.e., tea polyphenols and theophylline). It is found that the nanoparticle formation process involves covalent copolymerization of monomers, as well as noncovalent self‐assembly pathways. Additionally, the resulting PNs exhibit better free‐radical scavenging activities compared with similar‐sized, polydopamine‐based synthetic melanin nanoparticles. This class of biomass‐based functional nanoparticles is promising as green and effective antioxidant agents in general.
Automatic labeling of MR brain images through extensible learning and atlas forests
Authors: Xu Lijun , Liu Hong , Song Enmin , Yan Meng , Jin Renchao , Hung Chih‐Cheng 
Published: September 2017

PurposeMultiatlas‐based method is extensively used in MR brain images segmentation because of its simplicity and robustness. This method provides excellent accuracy although it is time consuming and limited in terms of obtaining information about new atlases. In this study, an automatic labeling of MR brain images through extensible learning and atlas forest is presented to address these limitations.MethodsWe propose an extensible learning model which allows the multiatlas‐based framework capable of managing the datasets with numerous atlases or dynamic atlas datasets and simultaneously ensure the accuracy of automatic labeling. Two new strategies are used to reduce the time and space complexity and improve the efficiency of the automatic labeling of brain MR images. First, atlases are encoded to atlas forests through random forest technology to reduce the time consumed for cross‐registration between atlases and target image, and a scatter spatial vector is designed to eliminate errors caused by inaccurate registration. Second, an atlas selection method based on the extensible learning model is used to select atlases for target image without traversing the entire dataset and then obtain the accurate labeling.ResultsThe labeling results of the proposed method were evaluated in three public datasets, namely, IBSR, LONI LPBA40, and ADNI. With the proposed method, the dice coefficient metric values on the three datasets were 84.17 ± 4.61%, 83.25 ± 4.29%, and 81.88 ± 4.53% which were 5% higher than those of the conventional method, respectively. The efficiency of the extensible learning model was evaluated by state‐of‐the‐art methods for labeling of MR brain images. Experimental results showed that the proposed method could achieve accurate labeling for MR brain images without traversing the entire datasets.ConclusionIn the proposed multiatlas‐based method, extensible learning and atlas forests were applied to control the automatic labeling of brain anatomies on large atlas datasets or dynamic atlas datasets and obtain accurate results.
The role of whole‐brain diffusion MRI as a tool for studying human in vivo cortical segregation based on a measure of neurite density
Authors: Calamante Fernando , Jeurissen Ben , Smith Robert E. , Tournier Jacques‐Donald , Connelly Alan 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo investigate whether diffusion MRI can be used to study cortical segregation based on a contrast related to neurite density, thus providing a complementary tool to myelin‐based MRI techniques used for myeloarchitecture.MethodsSeveral myelin‐sensitive MRI methods (e.g., based on T1, T2, and
) have been proposed to parcellate cortical areas based on their myeloarchitecture. Recent improvements in hardware, acquisition, and analysis methods have opened the possibility of achieving a more robust characterization of cortical microstructure using diffusion MRI. High‐quality diffusion MRI data from the Human Connectome Project was combined with recent advances in fiber orientation modeling. The orientational average of the fiber orientation distribution was used as a summary parameter, which was displayed as inflated brain surface views.ResultsDiffusion MRI identifies cortical patterns consistent with those previously seen by MRI methods used for studying myeloarchitecture, which have shown patterns of high myelination in the sensorimotor strip, visual cortex, and auditory areas and low myelination in frontal and anterior temporal areas.ConclusionIn vivo human diffusion MRI provides a useful complementary noninvasive approach to myelin‐based methods used to study whole‐brain cortical parcellation, by exploiting a contrast based on tissue microstructure related to neurite density, rather than myelin itself. Magn Reson Med 79:2738–2744, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Spontaneous mechanical and electrical activities of human calf musculature at rest assessed by repetitive single‐shot diffusion‐weighted MRI and simultaneous surface electromyography
Authors: Schwartz Martin , Steidle Günter , Martirosian Petros , Ramos‐Murguialday Ander , Preißl Hubert , Stemmer Alto , Yang Bin , Schick Fritz 
Published: September 2017

PurposeAssessment of temporal and spatial relations between spontaneous mechanical activities in musculature (SMAM) at rest as revealed by diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) and electrical muscular activities in surface EMG (sEMG). Potential influences of static and radiofrequency magnetic fields on muscular activity on sEMG measurements at rest were examined systematically.MethodsSeries of diffusion‐weighted stimulated echo planar imaging were recorded with concurrent sEMG measurements. Electrical activities in sEMG were analyzed by non‐parametric Friedman and two‐sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Direct correlation of both modalities was investigated by temporal mapping of electrical activity in sEMG to DWI repetition interval.ResultsElectrical activities in sEMG and number of visible SMAMs in DWI showed a strong correlation (ρ = 0.9718). High accordance between sEMG activities and visible SMAMs in DWI in a near‐surface region around sEMG electrodes was achieved. Characteristics of sEMG activities were almost similar under varying magnetic field conditions.ConclusionVisible SMAMs in DWI have shown a close and direct relation to concurrent signals recorded by sEMG. MR‐related magnetic fields had no significant effects on findings in sEMG. Hence, appearance of SMAMs in DWI should not be considered as imaging artifact or as effects originating from the special conditions of MR examinations. Spatial and temporal distributions of SMAMs indicate characteristics of spontaneous (microscopic) mechanical muscular action at rest. Therefore, DWI techniques should be considered as non‐invasive tools for studying physiology and pathophysiology of spontaneous activities in resting muscle. Magn Reson Med 79:2784–2794, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Macrophage Area Content and Phenotype in Hepatic and Adipose Tissue in Patients with Obesity Undergoing Roux‐en‐Y Gastric Bypass
Authors: Kristensen Marianne D. , Lund Michael T. , Hansen Merethe , Poulsen Steen S. , Ploug Thorkil , Dela Flemming , Helge Jørn W. , Prats Clara 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate hepatic and adipose tissue macrophage content in subjects with obesity and the role of adipose tissue macrophages in weight loss‐induced improved insulin sensitivity (IS).MethodsA cross‐sectional and a longitudinal study were combined to investigate the role of macrophages in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue and the liver in obesity‐induced impaired IS and improvements with weight loss. Macrophage markers (CD68, CD163, and CD206) in SAT, VAT, and the liver from patients with obesity were investigated. The same macrophage markers were investigated in SAT from 18 patients with obesity before and ∼18 months after a diet‐ and Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass‐induced weight loss.ResultsSAT macrophage markers did not decrease with weight loss, but macrophage concentration may have increased, concomitant with improved IS. Hepatic macrophage markers did not correlate to VAT mass or macrophage markers, but they were higher in patients with obesity compared with patients without obesity. Hepatic anti‐inflammatory macrophage markers correlated positively with hepatic IS. VAT and SAT macrophage markers did not correlate.ConclusionsThe results indicate that decreased SAT macrophage content is not a primary driver for weight loss‐induced IS improvements, but a better hepatic CD163 and CD206 macrophage profile may contribute to improved glycemic control. SAT macrophage markers were not predictive for VAT macrophage markers.
Obesity Alters B Cell and Macrophage Populations in Brown Adipose Tissue
Authors: Peterson Kristin R. , Flaherty David K. , Hasty Alyssa H. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveThe prevalence of obesity continues to rise, and it is understood that regulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) function is important to systemic metabolic homeostasis. Immune cells play a central role in the maintenance of WAT, and their compositions change in number and inflammatory phenotype with the progression of obesity. Because of its energy‐burning capabilities, brown adipose tissue (BAT) has become a focus of obesity research. Although novel studies have focused on the function of brown adipocytes in thermogenesis, the tissue as a whole has not been immunologically characterized.MethodsBAT immune cell populations were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry in mice with diet‐induced obesity (3, 8, or 16 weeks of diet) and in aged mice (1, 6‐7, and 10‐15 months).ResultsThe data confirmed the presence of macrophages and eosinophils, as previously reported, and showed that 20% to 30% of the immune cells in BAT were B cells. The number of B cells and eosinophils increased with diet‐induced obesity, whereas macrophages decreased. There was no change in number of any immune cell quantified with age.ConclusionsThese studies reveal a novel finding of B220 + B cells in BAT and show that BAT immune cell populations change in response to diet‐induced obesity.
Influence of side chain linker length on ion‐transport properties of polymeric ionic liquids
Authors: Keith Jordan R. , Mogurampelly Santosh , Wheatle Bill K. , Ganesan Venkat 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTWe used atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to study the properties of polymerized 1‐alkene‐3‐butylimidazolium‐hexafluorophosphate, a polymerized ionic liquid electrolyte, and characterized the influence of the linear alkene length on the mobility of the hexafluorophosphate ions. Consistent with experimental observations, our simulations indicate that as the alkene length increases, the diffusivity of hexafluorophosphate anion monotonically increases. We demonstrate that such a trend arises from the influence of linker segments on the intermolecular ion hopping rates, which is in turn modulated by intermolecular cationic separation distances. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1718–1723
Prenatal undernutrition disrupted the sexual maturation, but not the sexual behavior, in male rats
Authors: Matsuzaki Toshiya , Munkhzaya Munkhsaikhan , Tungalagsuvd Altankhuu , Mayila Yiliyasi , Iwasa Takeshi , Yano Kiyohito , Yanagihara Rie , Tokui Takako , Kato Takeshi , Kuwahara Akira , Matsui Sumika , Irahara Minoru 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeExposure to various stressors, including psychological, metabolic, and immune, in the perinatal period induces long‐lasting effects in physiological function and increase the risk of metabolic disorders in later life. In the present study, sexual maturation and sexual behavior were assessed in prenatally undernourished mature male rats.MethodsAll the pregnant rats were divided into the maternal normal nutrition (mNN) group and the maternal undernutrition (mUN) group. The mUN mothers received 50% of the amount of the daily food intake of the mNN mothers. Preputial separation and sexual behavior were observed in randomly selected pups of the mNN and mUN groups.ResultsThe body weight of the mothers was significantly lighter in the mUN group than in the mNN group. Similarly, the pups in the mUN group showed a significantly lower body weight than those in the mNN group from postnatal day (PND) 1 to PND 15. The preputial separation day was significantly delayed in the mUN group, compared to the mNN group. Sexual behavior did not show any significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionThese findings indicated that prenatal undernutrition delayed sexual maturation, but did not suppress sexual behavior, in mature male rats.
Age‐specific serum anti‐Müllerian hormone concentration in Japanese women and its usefulness as a predictor of the ovarian response
Authors: Asada Yoshimasa , Morimoto Yoshiharu , Nakaoka Yoshiharu , Yamasaki Takahiro , Suehiro Yutaka , Sugimoto Hikaru , Yoshida Masayuki , Irahara Minoru 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeTo compare the ovarian response predictive ability of anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), and estradiol (E2) and to determine the age‐specific distribution of serum AMH concentrations of Japanese women.MethodsThis was a multicenter (four‐site), observational, analytic, cross‐sectional Japanese study consisting of two parts: Study 1 (the prediction of the ovarian response of 236 participants who were undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation [COS]) and Study 2 (the distribution of the AMH concentration with an assay of 417 healthy women who were aged 20‐49 years and who had normal menstrual cycles).ResultsThe AMH had a significantly higher predictive value for the normal and high responders than FSH and E2 as a stronger correlation between the ovarian response and AMH was observed than for FSH and E2. The serum AMH concentration decreased proportionally with age.ConclusionThe AMH concentration correlated well with the oocyte count in the patients who were undergoing COS for in vitro fertilization and was shown to predict the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome among these patients.
Montmorillonite K‐10‐Supported Palladium Nanoparticles for Copper‐Free Acyl Sonogashira Reaction
Authors: Loganathan Roopesh K. , Ramachandra Sagar N. , Shekharappa  , Sureshbabu Vommina V. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPreparation of palladium nanoparticles supported on montmorillonite K‐10 clay is described. The utility of thus prepared catalyst was examined for copper free acyl Sonogashira reaction of acid chlorides with phenyl acetylenes to achieve various ynone scaffolds. Coumarin derived ynones were also synthesized under mild optimized reaction conditions. All the title compounds were obtained in good to excellent yield. The recycling efficiency of the catalyst was extremely good and used successfully for seven cycles without significant drop in the yield.
New Anti‐Inflammatory Hybrid N‐Acyl Hydrazone‐Linked Isoxazole Derivatives as COX‐2 Inhibitors:Rational Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Gorantla Vasubabu , Gundla Rambabu , Jadav Surender Singh , Anugu Sreenivasa Reddy , Chimakurthy Jithendra , Rao NS Kameswara , Korupolu Raghubabu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSelectivity of a drug becomes a major problem in the treatment of a clinical disease and many nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAID's) are classic examples of this conundrum. In the present study, we designed a set of hybrid compounds (11 a‐p, 12 a‐i) that compose new N‐acyl hydrazones (NAH) linked with isoxazoles, using rational drug design approach. The binding affinities of newly designed compounds were calculated and compared with known non anti‐inflammatory NAH and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitors (coxibs) at the active sites of cyclooxygenase‐1 (COX‐1) and COX‐2. The comparison revealed that the hybrid compounds bind with COX‐2 active site in a fashion quite similar to known non anti‐inflammatory compounds (4). Based on these findings, we further synthesized the compounds (11 a‐p, 12 a‐i) and subjected them to in vitro, in vivo anti‐inflammatory studies. Compound 11 l (IC50=5.8 μM) and 12 c (IC50 = 4.1 μM) were found to be active COX‐2 inhibitors. Compounds 12 a, 12 b and 12 e displayed COX‐2 enzyme inhibition at lower micro molar concentrations. The compounds were also evaluated for antioxidant activity and compound 11 h exhibited an effective antioxidant activity when compared with ascorbic acid. Additionally, these compounds were screened for anti‐bacterial activities and compound 11 l and 12 h were exhibited greater anti‐bacterial activity against gram +ve and ‐ve than standards Ciprofloxacin and Flucloxacillin.
Electronic Absorption, Emission and Two‐Photon Absorption Properties of Some Functional 1,3,5‐Triphenylbenzenes
Authors: Streatfield Suzy L. , Pradels Claire , Ndimba Alphonsine Ngo , Richy Nicolas , Amar Anissa , Boucekkine Abdou , Cifuentes Marie P. , Humphrey Mark G. , Mongin Olivier , Paul Frédéric 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe report herein the linear optical properties of some extended 1,3,5‐triphenylbenzene derivatives 1,3,5‐[(1, 4‐C6H4)C≡C(4‐C6H4X)]3(C6H3) (3‐X; X=NO2, CN, H, OMe, NMe2, NPh2) and briefly discuss the two‐photon absorption (2PA) cross‐sections determined for the derivatives featuring the most electron‐rich substituents, contrasting their 2PA performance with the 2PA values previously gathered for their triphenylisocyanurate analogues N,N’,N”‐[(1, 4‐C6H4)C≡C(4‐C6H4X)]3(N3{C(O)}3) (1‐X). When functionalized by electron‐releasing substituents at their periphery, 3‐X derivatives are potent substitutes for 1‐X compounds in NLO applications, especially when maximal transparency is not required in the visible range. Some rationalization of this unexpected outcome is proposed based on DFT calculations.
Flexible Photodetectors Based on Novel Functional Materials
Authors: Xie Chao , Yan Feng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFlexible photodetectors have attracted a great deal of research interest in recent years due to their great possibilities for application in a variety of emerging areas such as flexible, stretchable, implantable, portable, wearable and printed electronics and optoelectronics. Novel functional materials, including materials with zero‐dimensional (0D) and one‐dimensional (1D) inorganic nanostructures, two‐dimensional (2D) layered materials, organic semiconductors and perovskite materials, exhibit appealing electrical and optoelectrical properties, as well as outstanding mechanical flexibility, and have been widely studied as building blocks in cost‐effective flexible photodetection. Here, we comprehensively review the outstanding performance of flexible photodetectors made from these novel functional materials reported in recent years. The photoresponse characteristics and flexibility of the devices will be discussed systematically. Summaries and challenges are provided to guide future directions of this vital research field.