bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Naphthobispyrazine as an Electron-deficient Building Unit for π-Conjugated Polymers: Efficient Synthesis and Polymer Properties
Authors: Mikie Tsubasa , Kawashima Kazuaki , Komeyama Kimihiro , Yoshida Hiroto , Osaka Itaru 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Naphthobispyrazine (NPz), a family of naphthalene-based electron-deficient fused heteroaromatic rings, and its derivatives including a polymer are efficiently synthesized via the ring-opening reaction of corresponding naphthobisthiadiazole derivatives. The electrochemical and optical measurements of the NPz-based molecules and polymers revealed that NPz has relatively weak electron deficiency and thus affords medium band-gap polymers. The photovoltaic properties of the polymer, in combination with PC61BM, were also studied.
A Facile Route to 4-Polyfluoroarylquinolin-2(1H)-ones and 4-Polyfluoroarylcoumarins via C–H Bond Activation
Authors: Fang Ling , Xue Lijun , Yang Peng , Li Xiaodan , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of 4-trifloxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones or 4-chlorocoumarins with polyfluoroarenes has been successfully developed. Under mild conditions, the reactions afforded 4-polyfluoroarylquinolin-2(1H)-ones and 4-polyfluoroarylcoumarins, which feature a wide range of bioactive compounds, with good yields.
Phosphorylation of Isocyanates and Aldehydes Mediated by Multifunctional N-Phosphine Oxide-substituted Imidazolylidenes
Authors: Hoshimoto Yoichi , Asada Takahiro , Hazra Sunit , Ohashi Masato , Ogoshi Sensuke 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The direct syntheses of imidic-phosphinic mixed anhydrides and phosphinates were accomplished via phosphorylation of isocyanates or aldehydes with N-phosphine oxide-substituted imidazolylidenes (PoxIms) that are equipped with both nucleophilic carbene and electrophilic phosphorus moieties. In addition, the catalytic cyclotrimerization of phenyl isocyanate took place by employing a PoxIm having bis-N-phosphine oxide groups. The results presented in the current study demonstrate that judiciously designed multifunctional carbenes represent a promising potential for the phosphorylation of heterocumulenes and carbonyl compounds.
Developing a Web Site Usability Scale: The validity and reliability analysis & implementation results
Authors: Kılıç Çakmak Ebru , Güneş Erhan , Çiftçi Serdar , Üstündağ Mutlu Tahsin 
Published: May 2017

The aim of this research was to develop a "User perception based web site usability scale" to be used for assigning usability of web sites based on user perception. After a literature review dimensions of usability were found out. Subsequently a pool of items including a total of 53 items was collected in this context. The draft form which was developed according to 7 subject matter experts' opinions, was applied on 245 students who had been using Gazi University Distance Education Vocational College LMS (Learning Management System) web site. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods were used to determine construct validity. For reliability, Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient was taken into account; corrected item-total correlation and t-test were used to examine significance between item averages of top %27 and bottom %27 groups. As a result of the analysis process, the user perception based web site usability scale, with a construct of four factors including of 25 items, was developed. Finally, the scale was applied on 239 e-learners in order to determine the usability level of the LMS web site which they had been using and results were reported.
Processing and characterization of 〈001〉-textured Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–Pb(Yb1/2Nb1/2)O3–PbTiO3 ceramics
Authors: Duran Cihangir , Cengiz Salih , Ecebaş Nazım , Dursun Sinan , Akça Erdem 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Study of the Behavior of Some Spring Barley Lines with Two Rows Created at A.R.D.S Turda Regarding Production Capacity and Quality
Authors: PORUMB Ioana , RUSSU Florin 
Published: May 2017

The spring barley is a variety of a superior quality for brewing compared with the feed barley due to several reasons. Research was conducted in the field of breeding of spring barley with two rows, within ARDS Turda, during 2013-2015. The trials were comparatively developed, and included 25 variants. The biological material was represented by four autochthonous genotypes: Turdeana, Daciana Romaniţa (A.R.D.S. Turda), and Adina (A.R.D.S. Suceava). The spring barley lines created by the S.C.D.A. Turda, meet the requirements of the beer industry in terms of protein content, starch, M.M.B. and germination energy.
Research on Hippotherapy Effects in Children whith Disabilities
Authors: MARCHIS Zamfir , RADUCU Camelia , LADOSI Daniela , JURCO Eugen , COROIAN Aurelia , COROIAN Cristian Ovidiu , PRATA Luciana , JURCO Simona 
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a study on the interaction of children with special needs and horses, which attempts to demonstrate the effects of hipoterapy in helping children with disabilities. The research was conducted on a group of 20 children with disabilities who participated in this type of therapy for 8 months (January-August 2015) in LeorinÅ£ Leisure Center and Riding Therapy, which owns 6 horses. This study was conducted by a psychologist pre- and post-evaluation and there were followed skills and cognitive function, motor skills, spatial-temporal orientation skills, sensory-perceptual organization, examining language and personality of children. In the first stage an initial assessment of children was made representing the starting point to see to what extent children are, what special needs they have and what gaps need to be recovered or what skills and qualities may be based in therapy. After 3 months of hippotherapy, in April 2015, there was made intermediar evaluation of beneficiaries to see if the intended results were achieved and where to optimise the therapy. The final evaluation was conducted in August 2015, after four months from the intermediar evaluation. Applying hippotherapy for children with various disabilities, it was found that children moving better, move better, speak more easily, communicate and become more careful. Besides outcomes of hippotherapy and results are measurable and easily to observe such as satisfaction to participate in hippotherapy sessions and gettingÂ into contact with the horses.
Beebread from Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata. Comparative Chemical Composition and Bioactivity
Authors: BOBIS Otilia , DEZMIREAN Daniel Severus , MARGHITAS Liviu Alexandru , BONTA Victorita , MARGAOAN Rodica , PASCA Claudia , URCAN Adriana , BANDHARI Pushpendra Singh 
Published: May 2017

Beebread is a valuable bee product, both for bee nutrition and for humans. The high nutritional and bioactive properties of beebread were evaluated by chemical composition analysis of beebread from Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata. Bee bread harvested from Romania and India, coming from Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata bees, were evaluated for their chemical composition. Analyses were made in APHIS Laboratory from USAMV Cluj, using validated methods for bee products. Lipids were determined by the Soxhlet extraction method, total protein content was determined by Kjehldahl method, sugar spectrum was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detection (HPLC-IR). Water content of beebread samples were situated between 11.45 and 16.46%, total protein content between 16.84 and 19.19% and total lipids between 6.36 and 13.47%.Â Beebread has high bioactive properties which can be expressed as antioxidant and/or antibacterial activity. Chemical composition and bioactive properties of beebread is influenced by floral origin of the pollen which the bees collect and place in combs for fermentation. Also the climatic conditions have an important role in developing different fermentation compounds, that may act as antioxidants or antibacterial agents.
Research Regarding the Simultaneous Control of the Pathogens on Tomatoes Crops under High Plastic Tunnels
Authors: ŞOVĂREL Gabriela , COSTACHE Marcel , CENUŞĂ Ana Emilia 
Published: May 2017

In Romania the most important pathogens on tomatoes crops are Alternaria porri f.sp. solani, Botrytis cinerea, Fulvia fulva, Phytophthora infestans and Erysiphe sp. During period of vegetation, the attack of mentioned pathogens are frequently overlapping. For simultaneously control of pathogenswere used some combination with different active substances (chlorothalonil 500g/l, iprodione 500 g/l, fenhexamid 500 g/l, thiophanate methyl 500g/l, metiram 80%, dimethomorph 9%, mancozeb 60%, difenoconazole 250 g/l , fenamidone 75g/l, propamocarb HCL 375 g/l. The best results for controlling Alternaria porri f.sp. solani, Botrytis cinerea and Fulvia fulva are metiram 80% 0.2% + thiophanate methyl 500g/l 0.14% with 93.5% efficacy. In the untreated check the degree of attack was 78.6% (44.3% A.solani, 7.0% B.cinerea and 27.3% F. Fulva). For controlling Phytophthora infestans, Erysiphe sp. and Fulvia fulva (fenamidone 75g/l + propamocarb HCL 375 g/l)Â Â Â 0.2% +Â difenoconazole 250 g/l 0.05% with 94.5% efficacy. In the untreated check the degree of attack is 81.2% (38.4% P. infestans, 27.4% Erysiphe sp. , 15.4% F. fulva).
Inventory of Viticultural Yield and Quality Parameters in Respect of Soil Management
Authors: BUNEA Claudiu , POPESCU Daniela , HOBLE Adela , WINTER Silvia , ZALLER Johann 
Published: May 2017

Abstract. The purpose of this research was to analyse the yeld and quality of eight grapevine varieties (two Romanian autochthonous varieties: ‘Fetească regală’, ‘Traminer roz’, and six world-wide varieties: ‘Rhin Riesling’, ‘Sauvignon Blanc’, ‘Muscat Ottonel’, ‘Pinot gris’, ‘Chardonnay’and ‘Italian Riesling’ cultivated in two different types of soil management (low and high intensity).
Nutritional Management of Overweight and Obesity in Dogs and Cats
Authors: MATEI Sorana Teodora , SZAKACS Andrei , CAPILNEAN Mara , MACRI Adrian Maximilian 
Published: May 2017

Some of the most common nutritional disorders are overweight and obesity, a proportion of approximately 59% of dogs and cats being affected. A permanent challenge for vets is weight management, including the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity.Corporeal score and body-weight loss in dogs and cats have been monitored by feeding various diets. The study was conducted on a total of 10 animals (6 dogs and 4 cats), monitoring the effect of three types of food for dogs and two types for cats suffering from overweight and obesity.Â Cooked food, dry food diet and premium dry food were investigated. We determined the quality and gross chemical composition of food and we measured corporeal score, weekly weight loss percentage and the number of calories consumed daily. We also appreciated the quality of life and activity level of the animals at the beginning and at the end of the trial. Nutritional management of investigated diets for overweight and obesity in dogs and cats revealed that through the smallest caloric restriction, dry food diet presented the highest efficiency, dogs and cats loosing weight steadily without losing muscle mass. Although the satiety effect occurs when the animals reach their ideal weight, the Rebound effect was not present.
MeerKAT time and frequency reference optical network: Preliminary design analysis
Authors: Rotich Kipnoo Enoch K. , Gamatham Romeo R.G. , Leitch Andrew W.R. , Gibbon Timothy B. , Malan Sias , Kriel Henno , Kapp Francois 
Published: May 2017

The MeerKAT telescope is a precursor to the Square Kilometre Array, which will rely on optical fibres to link the telescope receivers to a central processor point. The main aspects to consider for the fibre transport are astronomical data transmission as well as timing, monitoring and control. The astronomical data streams from individual dishes to a central building, while the clock signal is distributed from a central point to remote dishes in the telescope array. The MeerKAT telescope, for instance, demands highly accurate and stable clock distribution over up to 12 km of optical fibre to remote dishes. The clock distribution is required for digitisation of astronomical signals. Phase stability is thus critical both for short-term and long-term requirements. In this work, we focused on the short-term stability. Phase noise measurements were performed on optical transmitters used to distribute the clock signals so as to ascertain their contribution to the overall clock jitter of the system. A maximum jitter requirement of 130 fs for a 1.712-GHz clock signal for MeerKAT time and reference is achieved using a distributed feedback laser. We found that with optimised modulation depth, additional passive optical components in the link do not significantly degrade the phase noise response. A distributed feedback laser was proven to be a suitable optical source that will meet the performance and link budget requirements for the MeerKAT telescope.

Significance:

A distributed feedback laser is recommended for the design of the MeerKAT time and reference system as it is a suitable optical source that will meet the performance and link budget requirements.
case study from the southern Cape linefishery 1: The difficulty of fishing in a changing world
Authors: Gammage Louise C. , Jarre Astrid , Mather Charles 
Published: May 2017

Variability on multiple temporal and spatial scales exposes fishers and fishing communities to multiple stressors. The impact and interplay of these stressors need to be considered to improve our understanding of social-ecological linkages if sustainable livelihoods are to be promoted. To this end, participant-led research was conducted in the small-scale traditional commercial linefishery of the southern Cape (South Africa) between Witsand and Mossel Bay. Knowledge and perceptions regarding stressors responsible for changes in the social-ecological system, which ultimately affect the fishers’ ability to fish successfully, were recorded using semi-formal interviews and focus groups with 50 participants. The results presented not only offer valuable insights into the day-to-day experiences of these fishers, but also expose knowledge gaps that exist in micro-scale interactions influencing the fishery system. An analysis of various stressors is presented, which includes the impacts of and responses to climate variability; challenges presented by fisheries policies and regulatory frameworks; social and economic considerations; inadequate infrastructure; and general political considerations. The development of a more comprehensive understanding of stressors that affect the social-ecological system at various scales provides valuable insights into a fishery system that is currently not well described, and provides the basis for analyses into vulnerability and resilience.

Significance:

Understanding the impact and interplay of stressors at multiple scales is important if sustainable livelihoods are to be promoted.
This research provides insight into the day-to-day experiences of fishers whilst exposing knowledge gaps that exist at a micro-scale.
case study from the southern Cape linefishery 2: Considering one’s options when the fish leave
Authors: Gammage Louise C. , Jarre Astrid , Mather Charles 
Published: May 2017

Fishers in the small-scale, commercial linefishery in the southern Cape, South Africa, are exposed to variability and change in the marine social-ecological system of which they are a part. Faced with multi-scalar changes within this complex system, fishers employ a wide range of strategies in reaction to change. As part of a broader study of stressors that bring about change in these systems, this contribution examines the fishers’ responses to these changes and is based on a participant-led, semi-structured interview process of skippers/boat owners, crew, processors and spouses/partners, in six communities in the southern Cape region, and has been supplemented with appropriate secondary data. The results are discussed using a resilience framework. The data were initially considered thematically by stressor, but results identified that a place-based analysis was equally important. Three major groupings were identified: (1) fishers who adapt and show clear business-orientation, (2) fishers who cope, and (3) fishers who react and are thus caught in a poverty trap. In addition to place-specific history, local feedback loops and indirect effects need to be better accounted for to understand these responses to change at various scales. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the basis of scenario planning in the region.

Significance:

Analysis of responses to change strategies provides insight into resilience displayed as well as costs and benefits of strategies.
The description of strategies provides valuable insights into the decision-making processes in linefishery in the southern Cape.
Cognitive and reflexive decision-making processes are shaped by individuals’ and communities’ experiences of past and present.
Practical implications of actions are not always the overriding concern in decision-making, which underscores the importance and influence of culture.
These results provide important insights into a system that is not well described, and highlight knowledge gaps that require further context-specific research.
Stable isotope (δ13C) profiling of xylitol and sugar in South Africa
Authors: Symes Craig , Loubser Elize , Woodborne Stephan 
Published: May 2017

Xylitol is an alternative sweetener to sucrose, glucose and fructose, and is available under a number of brands in South Africa. Carbon stable isotope values (δ13C) of a selection of commercially available xylitol products (n=28) were analysed and compared with sugar samples (n=29). Sugarcane (C4) and beet sugar (C3) derived sugar samples aligned with published values of source, although two samples that indicated a sugarcane origin suggested a beet sugar origin. Control corn-derived samples defined a stepwise xylose to xylitol discrimination of +0.7‰. The distinction between C3- and C4-derived xylitol was less clear with three samples difficult to define (range = -14.8 to -17.1‰). The values for a suite of xylitol samples (-22.3‰ to -19.7‰; n=8) that aligned closely with a suspected C3-derived xylose, were ~8‰ more positive than known birch isotope values. Some xylitol samples may thus represent (1) a mixture of C3- and C4-derived products, (2) derivation from a CAM species source or (3) different processing techniques in which the discrimination values of xylose from corn, and xylose from birch, may differ because of the respective chemical processing techniques. No samples that claimed a birch bark origin were within the range of samples suggested to be corn derived (i.e. -13.0‰ to -9.7‰, n=16). We suggest that the threshold values provided are relatively robust for defining the origins of xylitol and sugar, and can be used in determining the authenticity and claims of suppliers and producers.

Significance:

Stable isotope (δ13C) profiles of commercially available xylitol and sugar products in South Africa will enable the determination of authenticity.
PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ APPROACH TO ADVANTAGES OF ICT USE IN EDUCATION
Authors: Braslauskienė Rasa , Šmitienė Gražina , Vismantienė Reda 
Published: May 2017

The article reveals primary school teachers’ approach towards advantages and disadvantages of information and communication technologies, their influence to children education as well as teacher experience in the application of ICT technologies in primary education and opportunities of teachers in the development of professional competence. Qualitative study (structured interview) was carried out which involved the teachers of 1 – 4 forms more than four years actively using ICT in the classroom. According to the teachers, Content analysis of the study results revealed essential factors and potential ways of more efficient use of ICT in primary education, i. e .improvement of teachers’ special professional competence (knowledge, skills and ability to use various ICT tools in the classroom, identification of special needs of primary school children, linking the development of formal and informal needs, etc.), personal viewpoint to ICT in social life, the shortage of ICT tools in primary school.
CONSULTING AND INVOLVING PARENTS IN PROVISION OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES PROCESS FOR FAMILIES IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Jurevičienė Margarita , Rudytė Kristina , Sapelyte Odeta , Tomeniene Laima 
Published: May 2017

The paper focuses on the issues of parents consulting and their involvement in an educational service process for families at schools. The quality of education and the effectiveness of provision of educational services are considered as an integral part of successful learning. To analyze parental opinion (N=530) towards their consulting and involvement in provision of educational service process quantitative and qualitative method of data collection have been chosen. According to the parental opinion, the content of consulting should be linked with learning achievements and motivation. Parental involvement is considered through the processes of professional orientation, prevention and organizing social events at school. Though, the fields of self-support groups, organizing teaching-learning programs for families, parental involvement in a formal educational process is considered as a challenging issue.
CELL PHONE IMPACT ON USER HEALTH AND CELL PHONE USAGE HABITS AMONG ADULTS
Authors: Strode Zanda , Strode Aina 
Published: May 2017

The aim of research is to find out mobile phone adult user habits and understanding of electromagnetic field effects on health. A comprehensive literature searches and analyzation was conducted in the electronic databases (Pubmed, Accessmedicine etc.), to find out later research outcomes about electromagnetic field impact on health, also electronic survey was conducted and results statisticaly processed with SPSS 24. 192 respondents participated in study: 117– females, 75– males in age range from 18 to 55 years. Hypothesis: Understanding the electromagnetic field health effects reduce the use of mobile phones on a daily basis not confirmed, because the majority of respondents are not willing to change their cell phone use patterns, or believe that it is not possible.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ADOLESCENTS' PHYSICAL INACTIVITY AND HEALTH
Authors: Strazdienė Neringa , Adaškevičienė Eugenija 
Published: May 2017

he research aim is to reveal the interrelationship between adolescents' sedentary lifestyle, physical inactivity, and health. The research methods include analysis of scientific literature, questionnaire survey, and mathematical statistical analysis of quantitative data. 528 schoolchildren (aged 13 to 14 years) and 520 parents participated in our survey. Most of the adolescents indicated being healthy or completely healthy, however, about half of the children had some health complaints over the last six months: headache, nervous tension, insomnia, dizziness, or weakness. The adolescents' indispositions could be related to the learning load and long periods of sitting, and especially insufficient physical activity in the fresh air. Nearly half of the parent respondents believed their children did not have enough time due to heavy learning loads at school and at home. The majority of the parents indicated that their children spent a lot of time at the computer. The schoolchildren respondents who attended additional private lessons and non-formal education activities were characterised by a higher level of inactivity. Adolescents' physical inactivity is related to the time spent on ICT (computers, TV), the frequency of their choice, and the duration of doing their homework.
Os valores táteis de uma egípcia
Authors: Antelo Raul 
Published: May 2017

Este artigo analisa, a partir do conceito de “valores táteis”, a obra de Clarice Lispector. Para Bernard Berenson, esse operador crítico articula as interações entre literatura, estética e história. Para o crítico, o caráter anômalo do tátil explica-se em função de a forma ser um resplendor interno que alcança a forma externa só quando, em uma dada situação, se realiza plenamente.