bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunoscore in mismatch repair‐proficient and ‐deficient colon cancer
Authors: Wirta Erkki‐Ville , Seppälä Toni , Friman Marjukka , Väyrynen Juha , Ahtiainen Maarit , Kautiainen Hannu , Kuopio Teijo , Kellokumpu Ilmo , Mecklin Jukka‐Pekka , Böhm Jan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate immune response and its prognostic significance in colon carcinomas using the previously described Immunoscore (IS). A population‐based series of 779 colorectal cancers, operated on between 2000 and 2010, were classified according to tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) status, mismatch repair (MMR), and BRAF mutation status. Rectal cancer cases (n = 203) were excluded as a high proportion of these patients received preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Tissue microarray (TMA) samples collected from the tumour centre and invasive front were immunostained for CD3 and CD8. Lymphocytes were then digitally calculated to categorize IS from grade 0 to 4. Samples adequate for IS were available from 510 tumours. IS was significantly associated with AJCC/UICC stage, T stage, lymph node and distant metastases, perineural and lymphovascular invasion, MMR status, and BRAF mutation status. For IS0, IS1, IS2, IS3 and IS4, respectively, the 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) rates were 59, 68, 78, 83 and 94% (p < 0.001); 5‐year disease‐specific survival (DSS) rates were 47, 55, 75, 80, and 89% (p < 0.001); and 5‐year overall survival (OS) rates were 40, 44, 66, 61, and 76% (p < 0.001). IS was also prognostic for DFS, DSS, and OS within subsets of microsatellite‐stable (MSS) and microsatellite‐instable (MSI) disease. Multivariable analysis showed that IS, AJCC/UICC stage, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node ratio in AJCC/UICC stage III disease were independent prognostic factors for DFS, DSS, and OS. Age was an independent prognostic factor for DSS and OS. Gender and BRAF mutation were independent prognostic factors for OS. In conclusion, IS differentiated patients with poor versus improved prognosis in MSS and MSI disease and across AJCC/UICC stages. IS, AJCC/UICC stage, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node ratio in AJCC/UICC stage III disease were independent prognostic factors for DFS, DSS, and OS.
Association of lipoprotein(a) with long‐term mortality following coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Feng Zhe , Li Hua‐long , Bei Wei‐jie , Guo Xiao‐sheng , Wang Kun , Yi Shi‐xin , Luo De‐mou , Li Xi‐da , Chen Shi‐qun , Ran Peng , Chen Peng‐yuan , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Chen Ji‐yan , Liu Yong , Zhou Ying‐ling 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThere is no consistent evidence to suggest the association of plasma lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) with long‐term mortality in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).HypothesisLevel of Lp(a) is associated with long‐term mortality following CAG or PCI.MethodsWe enrolled 1684 patients with plasma Lp(a) data undergoing CAG or PCI between April 2009 and December 2013. The patients were divided into 2 groups: a low‐Lp(a) group (Lp[a] <16.0 mg/dL; n = 842) and a high‐Lp(a) group (Lp[a] ≥16.0 mg/dL; n = 842).ResultsIn‐hospital mortality was not significantly different between the high and low Lp(a) groups (0.8% vs 0.5%, respectively; P = 0.364). During the median follow‐up period of 1.95 years, the high‐Lp(a) group had a higher long‐term mortality than did the low‐Lp(a) group (5.8% vs 2.5%, respectively; P = 0.003). After adjustment of confounders, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that a higher Lp(a) level was an independent predictor of long‐term mortality (hazard ratio: 1.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.07‐3.59, P = 0.029).ConclusionsOur data suggested that an elevated Lp(a) level was significantly associated with long‐term mortality following CAG or PCI. However, additional larger multicenter studies will be required to investigate the predictive value of Lp(a) levels and evaluate the benefit of controlling Lp(a) levels for patients undergoing CAG or PCI.
Physical indices for judging appearance harmony of materials
Authors: Tanaka Midori , Horiuchi Takahiko 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn visual design, harmony refers to the similarity among objects and the components of these objects that appear as if they belong together. Harmony is related to the body, mind, and emotions as we relate to our living space, which means that the harmony of real objects is an important characteristic. Although the appearance harmony in specific materials has been investigated, harmony among different materials has not received adequate attention. In a previous study, we investigated the appearance harmony among various materials by psychophysical experiments. In this study, we correlated the psychophysical evaluations obtained from the experiments and the physical properties of the materials. By analyzing the relationship between psychophysical evaluations and the physical measurements for each material pairs based on cluster analysis, we found that the property of texture represented by the anisotropy histogram and that of reflectance obtained from the data of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function are important indices that can be used to judge the harmony of materials. In particular, the texture properties were more effective in judging the appearance harmony of material pairs in the fixed condition for illumination and viewing angles, and the reflectance properties were superior for the material pairs in the variable condition for illumination and viewing angles.
Emotion dysregulation in hypochondriasis and depression
Authors: Bailer Josef , Witthöft Michael , Erkic Maja , Mier Daniela 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore whether certain aspects of emotion dysregulation (i.e., facets of alexithymia and rumination) are more closely linked to hypochondriasis than to depression and vice versa.MethodsNineteen patients with hypochondriasis (HYP), 33 patients with depression, and 52 healthy control participants completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Response Styles Questionnaire, and additional symptom and illness behaviour scales. A clinical interview was used to establish DSM‐IV diagnoses and to exclude all cases with more than one axis I diagnosis.ResultsDepression patients reported more difficulties describing feelings and more symptom‐ and self‐focused rumination than both HYP patients and healthy individuals, whereas HYP patients differed only from healthy individuals in regard to more difficulties in identifying feelings and more symptom‐focused rumination. Multiple regression analyses, including all assessed facets of emotion dysregulation, showed that the degree of somatoform features (somatic symptoms, health anxiety, and illness behaviour) was specifically predicted by higher difficulties in identifying feelings scores, whereas depressive symptom levels were specifically predicted by higher rumination scores.ConclusionsSpecific associations were found between difficulties in identifying feelings and key features of HYP, whereas depression was linked to a more generalized pattern of emotion regulation deficits.Key Practitioner Message

Emotion dysregulation can be found in hypochondriasis and depression
Difficulties in identifying own feelings are specifically linked to somatic symptoms, health anxiety, and illness behaviour, whereas a more generalized pattern of emotion dysregulation is found in relation to depression
Further research is needed to investigate whether the effectiveness of current treatments for depression, hypochondriasis, health anxiety, and related disorders could be improved by additional emotion regulation interventions
Sex‐specific floral morphology, biomass, and phytohormones associated with altitude in dioecious Populus cathayana populations
Authors: He Jundong , Dong Tingfa , Huang Kechao , Yang Yanxia , Li Dadong , Xu Xiao , He Xinhua 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRelationships between sex‐specific floral traits and endogenous phytohormones associated with altitude are unknown particularly in dioecious trees. We thus examined the relationships between floral morphology or biomass and phytohormones in male and female flowers of dioecious Populus cathayana populations along an altitudinal gradient (1,500, 1,600, and 1,700 m above sea level) in the Xiaowutai Nature Reserve in northern China. The female and male flowers had the most stigma and pollen at 1,700 m, the largest ovaries and least pollen at 1,500 m, and the smallest ovaries and greater numbers of anthers at 1,600 m altitude. The single‐flower biomass was significantly greater in males than in females at 1,600 or 1,700 m, but the opposite was true at 1,500 m altitude. The biomass percentages were significantly higher in anthers than in stigmas at each altitude, while significantly greater gibberellin A3 (GA3), zeatin riboside (ZR), indoleacetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations were found in female than in male flowers. Moreover, most flower morphological traits positively correlated with IAA in females but not in males. The biomass of a single flower was significantly positively correlated with ABA or IAA in males but negatively with ZR in females and was not correlated with GA3 in both females and males. Our results demonstrate a distinct sexual adaptation between male and female flowers and that phytohormones are closely related to the size, shape, and biomass allocation in the pollination or fertilization organs of dioecious plants, although with variations in altitude.
Habitat use and spatial fidelity of male South American sea lions during the nonbreeding period
Authors: Baylis Alastair M. M. , Orben Rachael A. , Costa Daniel P. , Tierney Megan , Brickle Paul , Staniland Iain J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractConditions experienced during the nonbreeding period have profound long‐term effects on individual fitness and survival. Therefore, knowledge of habitat use during the nonbreeding period can provide insights into processes that regulate populations. At the Falkland Islands, the habitat use of South American sea lions (Otaria flavescens) during the nonbreeding period is of particular interest because the population is yet to recover from a catastrophic decline between the mid‐1930s and 1965, and nonbreeding movements are poorly understood. Here, we assessed the habitat use of adult male (n = 13) and juvenile male (n = 6) South American sea lions at the Falkland Islands using satellite tags and stable isotope analysis of vibrissae. Male South American sea lions behaved like central place foragers. Foraging trips were restricted to the Patagonian Shelf and were typically short in distance and duration (127 ± 66 km and 4.1 ± 2.0 days, respectively). Individual male foraging trips were also typically characterized by a high degree of foraging site fidelity. However, the isotopic niche of adult males was smaller than juvenile males, which suggested that adult males were more consistent in their use of foraging habitats and prey over time. Our findings differ from male South American sea lions in Chile and Argentina, which undertake extended movements during the nonbreeding period. Hence, throughout their breeding range, male South American sea lions have diverse movement patterns during the nonbreeding period that intuitively reflects differences in the predictability or accessibility of preferred prey. Our findings challenge the long‐standing notion that South American sea lions undertake a winter migration away from the Falkland Islands. Therefore, impediments to South American sea lion population recovery likely originate locally and conservation measures at a national level are likely to be effective in addressing the decline and the failure of the population to recover.
Watershed impacts of climate and land use changes depend on magnitude and land use context
Authors: Martin Katherine L. , Hwang Taehee , Vose James M. , Coulston John W. , Wear David N. , Miles Brian , Band Lawrence E. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHuman population growth and urban development are affecting climate, land use, and the ecosystem services provided to society, including the supply of freshwater. We investigated the effects of land use and climate change on water resources in the Yadkin–Pee Dee River Basin of North Carolina, United States. Current and projected land uses were modeled at high resolution for three watersheds representing a forested to urban land use gradient by melding the National Land Cover Dataset with data from the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis. Forecasts for 2051–2060 of regional land use and climate for scenarios of low (B2) and moderately high (A1B) rates of change, coupled with multiple global circulation models (MIROC, CSIRO, and Hadley), were used to inform a distributed ecohydrological model. Our results identified increases in water yields across the study watersheds, primarily due to forecasts of increased precipitation. Climate change was a more dominant factor for future water yield relative to land use change across all land uses (forested, urban, and mixed). When land use change was high (27% of forested land use was converted to urban development), it amplified the impacts of climate change on both the magnitude and timing of water yield. Our fine‐scale (30‐m) distributed combined modeling approach of land use and climate change identified changes in watershed hydrology at scales relevant for management, emphasizing the need for modeling efforts that integrate the effects of biophysical (climate) and social economic (land use) changes on the projection of future water resource scenarios.
The relative importance of pollinator abundance and species richness for the temporal variance of pollination services
Authors: Genung Mark A. , Fox Jeremy , Williams Neal M. , Kremen Claire , Ascher John , Gibbs Jason , Winfree Rachael 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe relationship between biodiversity and the stability of ecosystem function is a fundamental question in community ecology, and hundreds of experiments have shown a positive relationship between species richness and the stability of ecosystem function. However, these experiments have rarely accounted for common ecological patterns, most notably skewed species abundance distributions and non‐random extinction risks, making it difficult to know whether experimental results can be scaled up to larger, less manipulated systems. In contrast with the prolific body of experimental research, few studies have examined how species richness affects the stability of ecosystem services at more realistic, landscape scales. The paucity of these studies is due in part to a lack of analytical methods that are suitable for the correlative structure of ecological data. A recently developed method, based on the Price equation from evolutionary biology, helps resolve this knowledge gap by partitioning the effect of biodiversity into three components: richness, composition, and abundance. Here, we build on previous work and present the first derivation of the Price equation suitable for analyzing temporal variance of ecosystem services. We applied our new derivation to understand the temporal variance of crop pollination services in two study systems (watermelon and blueberry) in the mid‐Atlantic United States. In both systems, but especially in the watermelon system, the stronger driver of temporal variance of ecosystem services was fluctuations in the abundance of common bee species, which were present at nearly all sites regardless of species richness. In contrast, temporal variance of ecosystem services was less affected by differences in species richness, because lost and gained species were rare. Thus, the findings from our more realistic landscapes differ qualitatively from the findings of biodiversity–stability experiments.
Late Holocene mangrove dynamics dominated by autogenic processes
Authors: Moraes Caio A. , Fontes Neuza A. , Cohen Marcelo C.L. , França Marlon Carlos , Pessenda Luiz C.R. , Rossetti Dilce F. , Francisquini Mariah I. , Bendassolli José A. , Macario Kita 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGenerally, palaeoenvironmental interpretations consider only allogenic processes, when autogenic factors may have a strong influence on proxies of stratigraphic sequences. For instance, the Holocene history of the vegetation along the southern littoral of the State of Bahia in north‐eastern Brazil is characterized by mangrove dynamics controlled by allogenic processes. However, over smaller timescales (~700 years), autogenic processes may have controlled vegetation dynamics and hence observed pollen distribution. This work proposes tidal channel dynamics as one of the main cause for changes in pollen assemblage along the studied stratigraphic profiles during the last centuries, based on sedimentology, pollen and elemental analysis (δ13C, δ15N and C/N) and radiocarbon dating of sedimentary organic matter from two cores sampled from an abandoned meander and a tidal flat at the mouth of the Jucuruçu River. One core was sampled from a mangrove formed during the past ~550 cal yr bp. Another core recorded sediments in a várzea forest (swamp seasonally and permanently inundated by freshwater) located ~2.7 km from the current shoreline, which displayed a maximum age of ~680 cal yr bp. Two facies associations were identified: tidal channel (A) and tidal flat/oxbow lake (B). This work proposes allogenic processes as the main driving forces controlling the wetlands dynamics at the studied site during the Holocene. However, our data also reveal that part of the changes in vegetation over the last ~700 years reflect tidal channels and tidal flats development, which represent autogenic processes. The change in timescale analysis from the Holocene to recent centuries may have weakened the influence of allogenic factors. However, this needs interpretation with reference to the spatial scale of the depositional environment as the larger the depositional system analyzed, the stronger the influence of autogenic processes on stratigraphic sequences over longer timescales. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interphase FISH for BCR‐ABL1 rearrangement on neutrophils: A decisive tool to discriminate a lymphoid blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia from a de novo BCR‐ABL1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Balducci Estelle , Loosveld Marie , Rahal Ilhem , Boudjarane John , Alazard Emilie , Missirian Chantal , Lafage‐Pochitaloff Marina , Michel Gérard , Zattara Hélène 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDiscrimination between lymphoid blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and de novo BCR‐ABL1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) represents a diagnostic challenge because this distinction has a major incidence on the management of patients. Here, we report an uncommon pediatric case of ALL with cryptic ins(22;9)(q11;q34q34) and p190‐type BCR‐ABL1 transcript. We performed interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for BCR‐ABL1 rearrangement on blood neutrophils, which was positive consistent with the diagnosis of lymphoid blast crisis of CML. This case illustrates the major interest of interphase FISH for BCR‐ABL1 rearrangement on blood neutrophils as a decisive method to discriminate a lymphoid blast crisis of CML from a de novo BCR‐ABL1 positive ALL.
Spatiotemporal variation of stable isotopic composition in precipitation: Post‐condensational effects in a humid area
Authors: Müller Sascha , Stumpp Christine , Sørensen Jens Havskov , Jessen Søren 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn the present study, a 2‐year dataset on δ18O and δ2H in precipitation is used to investigate hydrometeorologic controls on the isotopic compositions in a temperate maritime climate. Data was collected in Denmark along a transect of Six sampling stations across a landscape with a small topographic gradient and predominant westerly winds. Data showed the local meteoric water line for this region is expressed by the equation δ2H = 7.4δ18O + 5.4‰. A significant trend correlating enriched isotopic values to humidities around 70% during dry season and more depleted isotopic values to humidities around 90% during wet season was derived from the dataset. Temperature was found to only influence the isotopic composition in a secondary way, whereas no significant relationship was obtained for precipitation amount and evapotranspiration. It is suggested that subcloud post‐condensation exchange strongly influences the isotopic composition at the study site. A simple model of evaporation on falling rain was applied with the aim to reproduce observational data and show the potential influence of changing humidity conditions on precipitation compositions. The rather simple model approach did not fully explain the observational data, but it highlights the drastic isotopic changes from a falling raindrop that potentially can occur due to its release into a dryer atmosphere. This study shows that regional conditions and especially humidity can alter the isotopic composition in precipitation substantially even in regions without major topographic and hydrometeorologic gradients.
Regulation of organelle function by metformin
Authors: Kim Jeongho , You Young‐Jai 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMetformin ameliorates hyperglycemia without the side effects of lactic acidosis or hypoglycemia. Metformin lowers the blood glucose level by decreasing hepatic glucose production in the liver and by increasing glucose uptake in the muscle. Recent studies show that metformin induces cell death in certain cancer cell lines by interfering with the metabolism of the cancer cells. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of action for metformin will provide insights into how to better treat diabetes and other metabolic disorders and also into the development of new therapeutic drugs. One of the best understood molecular targets of metformin is the mitochondrial complex I. However, given metformin's broad effects on metabolism, it could act on multiple targets. In this review, we summarize current findings in metformin's mechanisms of action regarding its known targets in mitochondria and known effects in cancer cell lines. Then, we introduce endosomal Na+/H+ exchangers and the V‐ATPase as new potential targets of metformin's action. Finally, we will discuss the hypothesis that metformin directly acts on endosome/lysosome regulation so as to regulate metabolism and ultimately alleviate type 2 diabetes. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(7):459–469, 2017
Combined inhibition of autophagy protein 5 and galectin‐1 by thiodigalactoside reduces diet‐induced obesity through induction of white fat browning
Authors: Parray Hilal Ahmad , Yun Jong Won 
Published: April 2017

AbstractOur previous study demonstrated that thiodigalactoside (TDG) ameliorates obesity by targeted inhibition of galectin‐1 (GAL1). Here, for the first time, we report the unexpected role of GAL1 and ATG5 inhibition by TDG in lipid metabolism. Core thermogenic marker proteins and genes were highly induced in white adipose tissue (WAT) of rats fed a high fat diet (HFD) and TDG, resulting in the significant development of brown fat‐like adipocytes in inguinal WAT. TDG treatment reduced weight gain and fat mass as well as activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) in HFD‐fed rats. TDG also reduced protein levels of LC3‐II and increased protein levels of P62, suggesting its possible role in suppression of autophagy. Combined inhibition of GAL1 and ATG5 by TDG treatment protected rats against both HFD‐induced adipogenesis as well as lipogenesis, as evidenced by suppression of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein alpha, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma and fatty acid synthase. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that TDG plays a role in browning and lipid catabolism by combined inhibition of GAL1 and ATG5 and thus may have potential therapeutic implications in the regulation of energy homeostasis via its action in WAT. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(7):510–521, 2017