bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Intensive Speech Treatment on Conversational Intelligibility in Spanish Speakers With Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Moya-Galé Gemma , Goudarzi Alireza , Bayés Àngels , McAuliffe Megan , Bulté Bram , Levy Erika S. 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the effects of intensive speech treatment on the conversational intelligibility of Castilian Spanish speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD), as well as on the speakers' self-perceptions of disability.MethodFifteen speakers with a medical diagnosis of PD participated in this study. Speech recordings were completed twice before treatment, immediately posttreatment, and at a 1-month follow-up session. Conversational intelligibility was assessed in 2 ways—transcription accuracy scores and intelligibility ratings on a 9-point Likert scale. The Voice Handicap Index (Núñez-Batalla et al., 2007) was administered as a measure of self-perceived disability.ResultsGroup data revealed that transcription accuracy and median ease-of-understanding ratings increased significantly immediately posttreatment, with gains maintained at the 1-month follow-up. The functional subscale of the Voice Handicap Index decreased significantly posttreatment, suggesting a decrease in perceived communication disability after speech treatment.ConclusionThese findings support the implementation of intensive voice treatment to improve conversational intelligibility in Spanish speakers with PD with dysarthria as well as to improve the speakers' perception of their daily communicative capabilities. Clinical and theoretical considerations are discussed.
High step‐up cascade synchronous boost DC–DC converter with zero‐voltage switching
Authors: Lee Sin‐Woo , Do Hyun‐Lark 
Published: January 2018

A high step‐up cascade synchronous boost DC–DC converter with zero‐voltage switching (ZVS) is proposed. The proposed converter is based on the conventional cascade boost converter with a single switch. In the first stage, a boost cell is modified to improve the voltage gain by utilising a coupled inductor. Additionally, turn ratio can be used to adjust voltage gain. In the second stage, a synchronous rectifier is adopted instead of the output diode to improve power efficiency. Moreover, ZVS is achieved using an auxiliary circuit, which consists of a coupled inductor and a small inductor. Therefore, total power efficiency is improved and high voltage gain can be obtained from a low turn ratio. The theoretical analysis and performance are proven from the experiment results using a prototype of the proposed converter with an output of 200 V–200 W.
Research on variable pitch control strategy of wind turbine for tower vibration reduction
Authors: Qiao Yanhui , Han Shuang , Deng Ying , Liu Yongqian , Dong Jian , Pan Lei , Li Runxiang , Zhao Bin 
Published: January 2018

With the increase of wind turbine power, the vibration problem of tower has become much prominent. Tower vibration is one of the key problems that must be solved. Aimed at the problem of tower vibration caused by turbulent wind, based on analysing the causes of tower vibration, the optimisation control strategy is proposed by increasing tiny pitch angle in the pitch control system, which is equivalent to increasing the aerodynamic damping of tower to reduce the vibration. Taking the 1.577 MW wind turbine as an example to simulate and verify the control strategy, the results show that the control strategy can effectively reduce the fore‐aft vibration and torque of tower with little impact on power.
Damiana
Authors: Bauer Rudolf 
Published: January 2018

Zusammenfassung
Damiana (Turnera diffusa) ist eine alte Arzneipflanze, die bereits von den Maya nicht nur gegen Asthma, sondern auch als Aphrodisiakum verwendet wurde. In Mexiko und verschiedenen anderen mittel- und südamerikanischen Ländern werden die Blätter auch heute noch gegen Muskelschwäche, als Tonikum, bei gastrointestinalen Beschwerden, Diabetes, Ödemen, Malaria und Hautkrankheiten, aber vor allem auch als Aphrodisiakum verwendet.

Die phytochemischen Untersuchungen der Inhaltsstoffe ergaben, dass die Blätter Flavonoide (u. a. Acacetin und Apigenin), viele Terpene (ätherisches Öl), Phenolglykoside (Arbutin), cyanogene Glykoside (u. a. Tetraphyllin B) sowie Gerbstoffe und Koffein enthalten.

Pharmakologische Untersuchungen zeigten neben einer angstlösenden, einer dosisabhängig schmerzlindernden und einer spasmolytischen Wirkung auch eine aphrodisierende Wirkung, und in vitro eine leichte Östrogenwirkung sowie eine Hemmung der Aromatase. Letztere hat eine verringerte Östrogenproduktion und einen erhöhten Testosteronlevel zur Folge, was einige Effekte der traditionellen Anwendung als Aphrodisiakum erklären könnte, da durch die Erhöhung des Testosteronspiegels das sexuelle Verlangen zunehmen kann.

Die bisherigen Studien, erfahrungsheilkundlichen Erkenntnisse und traditionellen Anwendungen von Damiana deuten auf ein hohes Potenzial der Heilpflanze im Hinblick auf ihre aphrodisierenden, antibakteriellen und anxiolytischen Eigenschaften hin. Weitere Forschungsarbeiten sind jedoch notwendig, um diese Tendenzen zu belegen.
Phytotherapie bei rheumatoider Arthritis
Authors: Schröder Dorit , Langhorst Jost 
Published: January 2018

Zusammenfassung
Komplementäre Therapieverfahren erfreuen sich in der Bevölkerung einer wachsenden Beliebtheit und werden auch von Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis nachgefragt. Ein wichtiges Thema stellen in diesem Zusammenhang pflanzliche Heilmittel dar: Viele Phytotherapeutika sind in der Apotheke frei verkäuflich und werden von Patienten zur Linderung ihrer rheumatischen Beschwerden eingesetzt; wissenschaftliche Wirksamkeitsnachweise fehlen jedoch häufig.
Iterative random forests to discover predictive and stable high-order interactions
Authors: Basu Sumanta , Kumbier Karl , Brown James B. , Yu Bin 
Published: January 2018

Significance
We developed a predictive, stable, and interpretable tool: the iterative random forest algorithm (iRF). iRF discovers high-order interactions among biomolecules with the same order of computational cost as random forests. We demonstrate the efficacy of iRF by finding known and promising interactions among biomolecules, of up to fifth and sixth order, in two data examples in transcriptional regulation and alternative splicing.
Communicating archaeological heritage
Authors: Noor Shuhaida Md , Jaafar Mastura , Balan Yugeetha 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Existing archaeological heritage communication focuses on educating the public by emphasising scientific knowledge from the perspectives of experts (e.g. archaeologists), often sidelining the perspectives of the local community. Nevertheless, the local community’s perspective is equally important in providing humanistic insights and in connecting the past to the present context. This research explores how local communities make meaning of and relate heritage to their social identity. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 purposely-sampled representatives from various local community groups in Lenggong Valley, Malaysia; including village heads, village elders and individuals from various social and cultural backgrounds. The findings provide interesting insights into how the local community defines and connects to heritage. Importantly, this study highlights multilayered dimensions of archaeological heritage that are intricately connected to contemporary society. Incorporating these wider dimensions into archaeological heritage communication will result in communication that is more socially, culturally and psychologically relevant, thus engendering greater interest and appreciation.
Understanding online consumption of public affairs news in
Malaysia
Authors: Omar Bahiyah , Ismail Nurzali , Kee Ng See 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Evidence from past news research suggested that people are less interested to
read hard news including public affairs news. Focusing on Malaysia, this study
examines the role of demographic variables, mobile and social media use for
news, perceived news credibility and users’ motivations for news in explaining
online consumption of public affairs news in the setting which is known for its
tight media control. An online survey was employed to collect data from
Malaysian Internet users, aged between 18 and 64, who regularly read news
online. Data were analyzed using multiple regression. The findings of the study
suggest that digital immigrants, or older news users, are more likely to consume
public affairs news than young ones. Malaysians read public affairs news which
they perceive to be highly credible to fulfill their information and social
needs. News organizations in Malaysia can use these findings to design a
strategic approach for a more competitive news industry.
Lexical chains and topic continuity in the register of popular
scientific writing
Authors: Hützen Nicole , Serbina Tatiana 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This article presents a corpus study of lexical chains in the register of popular
scientific writing, based on the English and German original texts included in
the CroCo Corpus. This register is characterized by patterns resulting from the
combination of accessible knowledge and scientific validity. The study aims at
investigating cross-linguistic differences in terms of frequency and length of
lexical chains. Chain elements are extracted by identifying the most frequent
noun per text (and any lexical items associated with it by synonymy, hyponymy,
or meronymy). The sentence IDs in the corpus markup are used to automatically
calculate distances between occurrences of the target items. The analysis of
immediacy chains and discontinuities in chains supports the investigation of
contrasts in terms of topic continuity patterns.
The question of power in language classes from a critical discourse analysis perspective
Authors: Babaii Esmat , Parsazadeh Abbas , Moradi Hassan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Informed by the major tenets of critical discourse analysis, the present study attempted to expose the chasm between veteran English teachers enjoying a nation-wide popularity and those linguistically talented novices achieving locally mediocre fame in the Iranian EFL context. In so doing, two highly competent English teachers, each as a prime example of the above-mentioned camps, were selected to serve as the main participants of the research. The analysis of their classroom talk indicated that linguistic excellence could not fulfill the role of educated experience as far as discourse competence was concerned. In all, the discursive strategies used by the experienced teacher seemed to manifest his recognition of students' voices and created a more heteroglossic atmosphere in the classroom.
Lexicography, discourse and power
Authors: Chen Wenge 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper conceptualizes dictionary bilingualization as a recontextualizing practice and explores how ideology and power play out in the recontextualization of lexicographic discourse across languages and cultures to result in the transformation of meaning. It first proposes viewing the (bilingualized) dictionary as discourse and emphasizes bilingual lexicography as a site of an asymmetrical linguistic and cultural power dynamics. The paper then argues that a synergy of critical discourse analysis and postcolonial studies can reveal the inter-cultural ideological struggle implicit in the bilingualizing lexicographic practice. The body of the study is devoted to the analysis of those shifts taking place in the entries, definition, illustrative examples and pragmatic labels in a bilingualized English-Chinese dictionary, which, when viewed cumulatively, significantly reshape the ideological positioning of the dictionary. The paper discusses the implications for critical lexicographic studies and for research into the interplay between power and resistance between dominating and dominated cultures. It concludes that Periphery English dictionary compilers are able to negotiate the different subjectivities and ideologies inherent in dictionary making and to adopt a subject position favorable to their empowerment in the international English lexicography, although such resistance is far from capable of restructuring the order of lexicography.
Aptitude measures in SLA
Authors: Wagener Thomas 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The present study examines a US Department of Defense (DOD) foreign language
program using linear and logistic regression to model foreign language
proficiency growth over three time intervals. The analysis demonstrates growth
from start to finish for a program involving domestic immersion and study abroad
and tests the ability of aptitude and achievement measures to predict that
growth for a group of 80 students. The findings suggest that a measure of
foreign language aptitude and a measure of quantitative aptitude differentiate
learning outcomes for the intensive domestic immersion portion of the program
while measures of quantitative aptitude and native language verbal aptitude
differentiate later-stage learners on the study abroad portion of the
program.
Construal of content
Authors: Healy Christina 
Published: January 2018

AbstractInterpreting requires a nuanced understanding of language, andWilcox and Shaffer (2005)propose that interpreting is enhanced by adopting a cognitive model of communication rather than the conduit model implicit in many interpreting pedagogy models. The present study used a cognitive linguistic approach to investigate affective constructions in American Sign Language (ASL). Relative cognitive linguistic principles are reviewed in the context of English affective constructions and applied in reporting the ASL findings. Then the article explores how these theoretical concepts can support meaning-transfer work. Specifically, Langacker’s Stage Model (2008) is expanded as a framework for comparing source and target text construals of events and for presenting a message with equivalent impact through different language-specific strategies.
Recycling for my neighbourhood? Using place identity and social norms to promote pro-environmental behaviour / ¿Reciclar para mi barrio? Empleando la identidad de lugar y las normas sociales para fomentar el comportamiento pro-ambiental
Authors: Lima Maria-Luísa , Branco Carla 
Published: January 2018

Pro-environmental behaviour has often been studied as being the result of individual or rational decision making, despite the contributions from a more social approach to environmental psychology. This paper presents experimental research addressing the role of social identities and social norms in promoting pro-environmental behaviour. Following the frameworks of Social Identity Theory and Normative Focus Theory, we expect that descriptive social norms will have an impact on behaviour and that social identity will moderate this association. Place identity and descriptive norms regarding pro-environmental behaviour were manipulated in three studies. Self-reported intentions to recycle were assessed, after controlling for past recycling behaviour and environmental identity. The first study (participants: N = 43) showed that the intention of recycling was stronger when descriptive norm was higher. The second ( N‍‍‍ = ‍37) and the third ( N = 65) studies showed an interesting interaction effect: the salience of social identity was effective when the descriptive social norm was low, and the salience of personal identity promoted recycling when the descriptive social norm was high. These results are expected to stimulate new areas of research in this domain.
Identifying the Invariants for Classical Knots and Links from the Yokonuma–Hecke Algebras
Authors: Chlouveraki Maria , Juyumaya Jesús , Karvounis Konstantinos , Lambropoulou Sofia 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We announce the existence of a family of new 2-variable polynomial invariants for oriented classical links defined via a Markov trace on the Yokonuma–Hecke algebra of type A. Yokonuma–Hecke algebras are generalizations of Iwahori–Hecke algebras, and this family contains the HOMFLYPT polynomial, the famous 2-variable invariant for classical links arising from the Iwahori–Hecke algebra of type A. We show that these invariants are topologically equivalent to the HOMFLYPT polynomial on knots, but not on links, by providing pairs of HOMFLYPT-equivalent links that are distinguished by our invariants. In order to do this, we prove that our invariants can be defined diagrammatically via a special skein relation involving only crossings between different components. We further generalize this family of invariants to a new 3-variable skein link invariant that is stronger than the HOMFLYPT polynomial. Finally, we present a closed formula for this invariant, by W. B. R. Lickorish, that uses HOMFLYPT polynomials of sublinks and linking numbers of a given oriented link.
Can Computed Tomography Accurately Measure Acetabular Anterversion in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip? Verification and Characterization Using 3D Printing Technology
Authors: Cai Zhencun , Zhao Qun , Li Lianyong , Zhang Lijun , Ji Shijun 
Published: January 2018

Background:
One of the important pathologic changes in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is increased acetabular version angle (AA). Reasonable correction for excessive AA is an important step in the treatment of DDH, making accurate AA measurement very crucial. However, the results of different AA measurement methods vary. Thus, this study aimed to compare the difference in AA measurements between 2-dimensional computed tomography (2D-CT) and 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) in children with DDH and to identify the AA degree in children with DDH to guide treatment.

Methods:
AA was measured by 2D-CT and 3D-CT in 186 children with DDH, and the measurement results were compared with the physical measurement result in the 3D-printed pelvis (3D-PP) model. The 3D-PP was a 1:1 model identical to the human pelvis. All patients were unilaterally affected.

Results:
The results of AA measurement through 2D-CT, 3D-CT, and 3D-PP of normal hips were 14.0±6.6, 11.9±5.3, and 11.9±3.4 degrees, respectively, whereas those of the dislocated hips were 24.9±8.9, 19.8±5.2, and 19.5±4.3 degrees, respectively. In both the normal and dislocated hip groups, the results between 2D-CT and 3D-CT was significantly different (P<0.05), but there was no difference between the results of 3D-CT and 3D-PP (P>0.05). The AA of the normal and dislocated hips as measured by 3D-PP was 11.9±3.6 and 19.6±4.3 degrees, respectively, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). In the dislocated hips, a significant positive correlation was found between age and AA (r=0.756, P<0.05) and between AA and degree of dislocation (r=0.837, P<0.05).

Conclusions:
3D-CT is more accurate than 2D-CT for AA measurement, and compared with normal hips, AA in dislocated hips increased by ∼7.7 degrees on average. AA increases as age and degree of dislocation increase.

Level of Evidence:
Level II.
Clinical Significance of Venous Anomalies in Syndromic Craniosynostosis
Authors: Copeland Andrea E. , Hoffman Caitlin E. , Tsitouras Vassilios , Jeevan Dhruve S. , Ho Emily S. , Drake James M. , Forrest Christopher R. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
The pattern of cranial venous drainage in syndromic craniosynostosis is unpredictable and not adequately understood. Collateral channels substitute for stenotic venous sinuses and pose potential risk for surgical intervention. The purpose of this study was to analyze the patterns of venous drainage in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis and their influence on operative planning and morbidity.

Methods:
A retrospective study of patients with syndromic craniosynostosis from 2000 to 2013 was performed. Demographic data were collected including phenotype and associated pathologies. Pre- and/or postoperative venous imaging was reviewed for venous sinus stenosis, collateral emissaries, and persistent fetal sinuses. Categorization of anomalous venous drainage was performed, and the relationship with surgical morbidity was assessed.

Results:
Forty-one patients were identified. Anomalies were present in 31 patients (76%) consisting of dural sinus stenosis in 28 (68%), dilated emissaries in 26 (63%), and fetal sinuses in 7 (17%). Pfeiffer syndrome was most commonly associated with anomalous drainage (100%). Venous anomalies were associated with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), shunted hydrocephalus, Chiari malformations, and sleep apnea. In 5 cases, the surgical plan was adjusted based on anomalous anatomy. No mortalities occurred. Intraoperative complication rate was 7.3%, all with anomalous drainage. Median estimated blood loss was 1,100 cc for patients with anomalies versus 400 cc without anomalies (P = 0.181).

Conclusion:
Cranial venous anomalies are commonly detected in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis and may affect surgical morbidity and outcome with a higher estimated blood loss, alteration of procedure, and postoperative morbidity. Detailed preoperative imaging of the venous drainage is therefore recommended in cases of syndromic synostosis.
Spinal protein kinase C/extracellular signal–regulated kinase signal pathway mediates hyperalgesia priming
Authors: Chen Wei-Hsin , Chang Ya-Ting , Chen Yong-Cyuan , Cheng Sin-Jhong , Chen Chien-Chang 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Chronic pain can be initiated by one or more acute stimulations to sensitize neurons into the primed state. In the primed state, the basal nociceptive thresholds of the animal are normal, but, in response to another hyperalgesic stimulus, the animal develops enhanced and prolonged hyperalgesia. The exact mechanism of how primed state is formed is not completely understood. Here, we showed that spinal protein kinase C (PKC)/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) signal pathway is required for neuronal plasticity change, hyperalgesic priming formation, and the development of chronic hyperalgesia using acid-induced muscle pain model in mice. We discovered that phosphorylated extracellular signal–regulated kinase–positive neurons in the amygdala, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglion were significantly increased after first acid injection. Inhibition of the phosphorylated extracellular signal–regulated kinase activity intrathecally, but not intracerebroventricularly or intramuscularly before first acid injection, prevented the development of chronic pain induced by second acid injection, which suggests that hyperalgesic priming signal is stored at spinal cord level. Furthermore, intrathecal injection of PKC but not protein kinase A blocker prevented the development of chronic pain, and PKC agonist was sufficient to induce prolonged hyperalgesia response after acid injection. We also found that mammalian target of rapamycin–dependent protein synthesis was required for the priming establishment. To test whether hyperalgesic priming leads to synaptic plasticity change, we recorded field excitatory postsynaptic potentials from spinal cord slices and found enhanced long-term potentiation in mice that received one acid injection. This long-term potentiation enhancement was prevented by inhibition of extracellular signal–regulated kinase. These findings show that the activation of PKC/ERK signal pathway and downstream protein synthesis is required for hyperalgesic priming and the consolidation of pain singling.