bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significant improvement of direct reprogramming efficacy of fibroblasts into progenitor endothelial cells by ETV2 and hypoxia
Authors: Van Pham Phuc , Vu Ngoc Bich , Nguyen Hoa Trong , Huynh Oanh Thuy , Truong Mai Thi-Hoang 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Background
Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation is a promising therapy for ischemic diseases such as ischemic myocardial infarction and hindlimb ischemia. However, limitation of EPC sources remains a major obstacle. Direct reprogramming has become a powerful tool to produce EPCs from fibroblasts. Some recent efforts successfully directly reprogrammed human fibroblasts into functional EPCs; however, the procedure efficacy was low. This study therefore aimed to improve the efficacy of direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts to functional EPCs.

Methods
Human fibroblasts isolated from foreskin were directly reprogrammed into EPCs by viral ETV2 transduction. Reprogramming efficacy was improved by culturing transduced fibroblasts in hypoxia conditions (5 % oxygen). Phenotype analyses confirmed that single-factor ETV2 transduction successfully reprogrammed dermal fibroblasts into functional EPCs.

Results
Hypoxia treatment during the reprogramming procedure increased the efficacy of reprogramming from 1.21 ± 0.61 % in normoxia conditions to 7.52 ± 2.31 % in hypoxia conditions. Induced EPCs in hypoxia conditions exhibited functional EPC phenotypes similar to those in normoxia conditions, such as expression of CD31 and VEGFR2, and expressed endothelial gene profiles similar to human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. These cells also formed capillary-like networks in vitro.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates a new simple method to increase the reprogramming efficacy of human fibroblasts to EPCs using ETV2 and hypoxia.
M2-polarized and tumor-associated macrophages alter NK cell phenotype and function in a contact-dependent manner
Authors: Krneta Tamara , Gillgrass Amy , Poznanski Sophie , Chew Marianne , Lee Amanda J , Kolb Martin , Ashkar Ali A 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The crosstalk between NK cells and M1 macrophages has a vital role in the protection against infections and tumor development. However, macrophages in the tumor resemble an M2 phenotype, and, at present, their effect on NK cells is less clear. This study investigated whether tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have a role in altering NK cell function and phenotype using in vitro cocultures of murine NK cells with peritoneal or bone marrow-derived, M2-polarized macrophages or TAMs isolated from spontaneous mouse breast tumors. We report here that both peritoneal and bone marrow-derived M2 macrophages, as well as TAMs, substantially inhibit NK cell activation and concordant cytotoxicity against tumor cells. The mechanism for this inhibition was found to require contact between the respective cell types. Both M2 macrophages and TAMs are producers of the immunosuppressive cytokine TGF-β. The inhibition of TGF-β restored the cytotoxicity of NK cells in contact with M2 macrophages, implicating TGF-β in the mechanism for NK cell inhibition. In addition to affecting NK cell function, TAMs also induced a CD27lowCD11bhigh-exhausted NK cell phenotype, which corresponds with the reduced activation and cytotoxicity observed. This study reveals a novel implication of TAMs in the tumor-associated inhibition of NK cell function by demonstrating their capacity to directly alter NK cell cytotoxicity and phenotype in a contact-dependent mechanism involving TGF-β. These findings identify the interaction between NK cells and TAMs as a prospective therapeutic target to enhance NK cell effector function for effective NK cell cancer therapies.
Autophagy in leukocytes and other cells: mechanisms, subsystem organization, selectivity, and links to innate immunity
Authors: Deretic Vojo 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Autophagy is a fundamental biologic process that fulfills general and specialized roles in cytoplasmic homeostasis. The cell-autonomous antimicrobial functions of autophagy have been established in the macrophage. These cells and other leukocytes continue to be the cells of choice in studying autophagy in immunity and inflammation. This review uses several model examples that will be of interest to leukocyte and cell biologists alike. Furthermore, it comprehensively covers the subsystems in autophagy as they apply to all mammalian cells and incorporates the recent progress in our understanding of how these modules come together—a topic that should be of interest to all readers.
A Probabilistic Model for Cushing’s Syndrome Screening in At-Risk Populations: A Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: León-Justel Antonio , Madrazo-Atutxa Ainara , Alvarez-Rios Ana I. , Infantes-Fontán Rocio , Garcia-Arnés Juan A. , Lillo-Muñoz Juan A. , Aulinas Anna , Urgell-Rull Eulàlia , Boronat Mauro , Sánchez-de-Abajo Ana , Fajardo-Montañana Carmen , Ortuño-Alonso Mario , Salinas-Vert Isabel , Granada Maria L. , Cano David A. , Leal-Cerro Alfonso ,   for the Spanish CRISALIDA Study Group
Published: August 2016

Context:
Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is challenging to diagnose. Increased prevalence of CS in specific patient populations has been reported, but routine screening for CS remains questionable. To decrease the diagnostic delay and improve disease outcomes, simple new screening methods for CS in at-risk populations are needed.

Objective:
To develop and validate a simple scoring system to predict CS based on clinical signs and an easy-to-use biochemical test.

Design:
Observational, prospective, multicenter.

Setting:
Referral hospital.

Patients:
A cohort of 353 patients attending endocrinology units for outpatient visits.

Interventions:
All patients were evaluated with late-night salivary cortisol (LNSC) and a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test for CS.

Main Outcome Measures:
Diagnosis or exclusion of CS.

Results:
Twenty-six cases of CS were diagnosed in the cohort. A risk scoring system was developed by logistic regression analysis, and cutoff values were derived from a receiver operating characteristic curve. This risk score included clinical signs and symptoms (muscular atrophy, osteoporosis, and dorsocervical fat pad) and LNSC levels. The estimated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.93, with a sensitivity of 96.2% and specificity of 82.9%.

Conclusions:
We developed a risk score to predict CS in an at-risk population. This score may help to identify at-risk patients in non-endocrinological settings such as primary care, but external validation is warranted.
Progressive neurologic and somatic disease in a novel mouse model of human mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC
Authors: Marcó Sara , Pujol Anna , Roca Carles , Motas Sandra , Ribera Albert , Garcia Miguel , Molas Maria , Villacampa Pilar , Melia Cristian S. , Sánchez Víctor , Sánchez Xavier , Bertolin Joan , Ruberte Jesús , Haurigot Virginia , Bosch Fatima 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC (MPSIIIC) is a severe lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency in activity of the transmembrane enzyme heparan-α-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT) that catalyses the N-acetylation of α-glucosamine residues of heparan sulfate. Enzyme deficiency causes abnormal substrate accumulation in lysosomes, leading to progressive and severe neurodegeneration, somatic pathology and early death. There is no cure for MPSIIIC, and development of new therapies is challenging because of the unfeasibility of cross-correction. In this study, we generated a new mouse model of MPSIIIC by targeted disruption of the Hgsnat gene. Successful targeting left LacZ expression under control of the Hgsnat promoter, allowing investigation into sites of endogenous expression, which was particularly prominent in the CNS, but was also detectable in peripheral organs. Signs of CNS storage pathology, including glycosaminoglycan accumulation, lysosomal distension, lysosomal dysfunction and neuroinflammation were detected in 2-month-old animals and progressed with age. Glycosaminoglycan accumulation and ultrastructural changes were also observed in most somatic organs, but lysosomal pathology seemed most severe in liver. Furthermore, HGSNAT-deficient mice had altered locomotor and exploratory activity and shortened lifespan. Hence, this animal model recapitulates human MPSIIIC and provides a useful tool for the study of disease physiopathology and the development of new therapeutic approaches.
A knockin mouse model for human ATP4aR703C mutation identified in familial gastric neuroendocrine tumors recapitulates the premalignant condition of the human disease and suggests new therapeutic strategies
Authors: Calvete Oriol , Varro Andrea , Pritchard D. Mark , Barroso Alicia , Oteo Marta , Morcillo Miguel Ángel , Vargiu Pierfrancesco , Dodd Steven , Garcia Miriam , Reyes José , Ortega Sagrario , Benitez Javier 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
By whole exome sequencing, we recently identified a missense mutation (p.R703C) in the human ATP4a gene, which encodes the proton pump responsible for gastric acidification. This mutation causes an aggressive familial type I gastric neuroendocrine tumor in homozygous individuals. Affected individuals show an early onset of the disease, characterized by gastric hypoacidity, hypergastrinemia, iron-deficiency anemia, gastric intestinal metaplasia and, in one case, an associated gastric adenocarcinoma. Total gastrectomy was performed as the definitive treatment in all affected individuals. We now describe the generation and characterization of a knockin mouse model for the ATP4aR703C mutation to better understand the tumorigenesis process. Homozygous mice recapitulated most of the phenotypical alterations that were observed in human individuals, strongly suggesting that this mutation is the primary alteration responsible for disease development. Homozygous mice developed premalignant condition with severe hyperplasia, dysplasia and glandular metaplasia in the stomach. Interestingly, gastric acidification in homozygous mice, induced by treatment with 3% HCl acid in the drinking water, prevented (if treated from birth) or partially reverted (if treated during adulthood) the development of glandular metaplasia and dysplasia in the stomach and partially rescued the abnormal biochemical parameters. We therefore suggest that, in this model, achlorhydria contributes to tumorigenesis to a greater extent than hypergastrinemia. Furthermore, our mouse model represents a unique and novel tool for studying the pathologies associated with disturbances in gastric acid secretion.
Modern LED lighting: Advantages, Energy Efficiency, Optical Systems
Authors: Байнева  , Bayneva I. , Байнев  , Baynev V. 
Published: August 2016

The universal introduction of energy efficient and energy saving technologies is
characteristic for the present stage of development of the Russian economy. This
article defines the main benefits of LED lighting in terms of energy conservation
and efficiency. The requirements to be met by optical elements LEDs to provide
high quality lighting are formulated.
Influence of Rationing of Work and Labor Legislation on the Organization of Working Hours of Personnel of the Enterprises
Authors: Сухова  , Sukhova O. , Попова  , Popova Kristina 
Published: August 2016

Most employers circumvent the law, go to the grave violations, increasing the
duration of working time, involving overtime unpaid work of its employees, who
are not aware of their rights, work above the norm, do not receive the legal
holiday, or perform work, without receiving proper compensation. This article
discusses the effect of labor regulation and labor legislation on the organization
of working time staff of enterprises.
Recommendations on Writing Business Plan for Web Development Center
Authors: Новакович  , Novakovich I. , Филатова  , Filatova N. , Умецкий  , Umetskiy A. 
Published: August 2016

This article is about general business plan writing steps for web development
center, advantages of work in this field and causes of demand for such
services. It also includes basic theory of business planning and
recommendations on setting goals and development corporate strategy.
The accuracy of a clinical parameters-based scoring system to predict spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in children under one year old
Authors: Alfan Harris , Arifin Rita Dewi , Bahar Erial , Ansori Syarif Darwin 
Published: August 2016

Background Previous studies show that most children aged less than 1 year had intracranial hemorrhage without any history of trauma. The sign and symptoms of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (SIH) in children varies. To minimize morbidity and mortality, early detection and accurate diagnosis are required. Head CT scans area widely used for diagnosing SIH. Unfortunately, not all health facilities in Indonesia have CT scans.Objective To determine the accuracy of a clinical parameters-based scoring system in predicting spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (SIH) in children under one year old.Methods This diagnostic study included children aged under one year who were admitted to Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang. Patients who showed any signs of increased intracranial pressure were recruited. Data were collected from medical records from January 2007 to September 2013. Through the use of logistic regression analysis, clinical parameters showing significant relationships with computerized tomography (CT)-scan confirmed SIH were selected as predictors. Each predictor was given a score based on an adjusted ratio. The cut-off point of the total scores from all patients was determined using a receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis. The accuracy of the total scores was calculated using a 2x2 validity test.Results Of the 186 children included in this study, 98 (52.7%) had SIH and 93 (94.8%) were under 3 month-old. The predictors for SIH used included age (>3 months: score 0; 1-3 months: score 3), gender (female: score 0; male: score 1), pallor (no: score 0; yes: score 1), bulging fontanel (no: score 0; yes: score 1), pupil (isocoria: score 0; anisocoria: score 2) and history of shaken baby (no: score 0; yes: score 3). The ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 95.3% with a cut-off point of 4.5, had a sensitivity of 88.7% and a specificity of 93.1%Conclusion This scoring system based on clinical parameters had good accuracy for predicting SIH in children under 1 year of age who exhibited signs of increased intracranial pressure.
Stability of familiarity judgments: Individual variation and the invariant bigger picture
Authors: Verhagen Véronique , Mos Maria 
Published: August 2016

AbstractJudgments are often used in linguistic research. Not much is known, however, about the variation of such judgments within and between participants. From a usage-based perspective, variation might be expected: with judgments based in representations, and representations resulting from input and use, both inter- and intra-individual variation are likely. This study investigates the reliability of metalinguistic judgments, more specifically familiarity judgments, for Dutch prepositional phrases (e. g.,op de bank, ‘on the couch’). Familiarity judgments for 44 PPs offered in isolation and in a sentential context were given by 86 participants in two identical test sessions, using Magnitude Estimation. Aggregated scores (averaged over participants) are remarkably consistent (Pearson’sr=.97), and in part predicted by corpus frequencies. At the same time, there is considerable variation between and within participants. Context does not reduce this variation. We interpret both the stability and instability to be real reflections of language: a relatively stable system in a speech community consisting of speakers who are variable and forever changing. The results suggest that judgment data are informative at different levels of granularity. They call for more attention to individual variation and its underlying dynamics.
Strategic Research Programs in the Area of Technical Innovations – Case Study Analyses
Authors: Walaszczyk Ludmiła 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The development of the knowledge-based economy requires undertaking many actions aimed at increasing competitiveness of enterprises. These actions include, among others, the execution of strategic research programs, which are characterized by a great number of levels, a multitude of objectives and results, and high budgets. In order for the program to be managed correctly, it is necessary to have a complex and effective evaluation system dedicated to such types of programs. The article presents a global case study analysis of the evaluation of strategic research programs. The author examines the evaluation criteria and methods used in the evaluation processes at different structural levels of the programs and different times. After getting the results from the analysis, then the author indicates the gaps, which appeared during the evaluation process, and indicates what steps should be taken in order to improve the evaluation process of a strategic research program.
Comparative Performance of Modulation Formats using RAMAN-EDFA Hybrid Optical Amplifier in Fiber Optic Communication System
Authors: Arora Garima , Dewra Sanjeev 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This paper presents the comparison of various modulation formats for 64×10 Gbps dense wavelength division multiplexing system using Raman–erbium-doped fiber amplifier optical amplifier with 100 GHz interval. We evaluate the suitability of various data formats like return-to-zero (RZ) raised cosine (RC), RZ rectangular (Rect), non-return-to-zero (NRZ) RC and NRZ-Rect for an optical transmission link. The results have been carried out by evaluating the value of quality factor, bit error rate (BER) and average opening of an eye. It is found that using NRZ-Rect data format, the signal can travel up to transmission length of 234 km with acceptable BER (1.10e−09) and Q-factor (15.57 dB), respectively. In addition, the effect of dispersion on various data formats has also been discussed. Further, we investigate the optical RZ pulse with variable duty cycle indicating the highest quality factor and optical output power for duty cycle 0.6 observed for the case of back-to-back system.
Rewriting and Appropriating Francesco Guicciardini’s Storia D’Italia in Elizabethan England: Geoffrey Fenton’s Translation and Shakespeare’s Henry V
Authors: Zaharia Oana-Alis 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The exploration of the multifarious ways in which cultural reworkings and translations have been involved in the transmission and circulation of various discourses, concepts and ideas in different historical periods and places, has become one of the most productive fields of inquiry in Early Modern Studies. Both translation and cultural reworking have been understood as forms of rewriting that involve altering, reinterpreting and adapting texts (Fischlin&Fortier, 2000; Lefevere, 1992). The main difference between the two concepts lies in their relation to the text/texts they are supposed to rewrite. Thus, translations are related to more direct and evident means of appropriation and rewriting, most often acknowledging themselves as attempts to render a specific text from one language/culture into another. Cultural reworkings, on the other hand, presuppose the appropriation and remaking of various texts and discourses in a more indirect manner, without necessarily pointing to the particular texts that are being rewritten. They represent threads that can be identifiable or at times altered beyond recognition, frequently leading to the creation of a completely different text. Therefore, cultural reworking involves the appropriation, rewriting and recontextualization - more or less explicit- of literary and non-literary texts and discourses that belong to the, cultural, political and ideological context of a certain work.
Synthesis of 4-OXO-4H-Chromene Derivative with Fused Benzodiazepine Ring
Authors: Zemanová Ivana , Potančoková Michaela , Gašparová Renata 
Published: August 2016

Abstract 6-Acetylbenzo[b]chromeno[2,3-e][1,4]diazepin-13(6H)-one 6 was synthesized by reaction of 4- oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxaldehyde 1 with 1,2-diaminobenzene 2 followed by cyclisation of formed Schiff base 3 and spontaneous oxidation of dihydrodiazepine 4 by air oxygen. Finally, diazepine 5 was acetylated at N(6) by reaction with acetic anhydride.
Role of psychosocial resources and acceptance of disease in maintaining health with asthma / Rola zasobów psychospołecznych oraz akceptacji choroby w zachowaniu zdrowia w astmie
Authors: Karcz Aleksandra , Majda Anna , Wróbel Aldona , Karcz Tomasz 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Introduction. Asthma is a chronic disease. Risky health behaviours among patients like exposure to allergens or stress, smoking, irregular drug taking, lack of physical activity can exacerbate the condition. Psychosocial resources, like self-efficacy, social support and patient’s acceptance of the condition may prove helpful in coping with the disease.
Aim. Investigating health behaviours among asthmatic patients, discussing psychosocial resources and assessing the degree of disease acceptance in order to account for the relationship between the latter two variables.
Material and methods. The study group included 100 patients suffering from asthma. A questionnaire designed especially for investigating that group of patients, as well as two standardized tools (the Acceptance of Illness Scale and the General Self-Efficacy Scale) were used. A chi-square test was used for performing a statistical analysis. the level of significance was set at p <0.05.
Results. Some 43% of patients assessed their acceptance of the condition as medium, while another 52% assessed their self-efficacy as average. Almost all respondents (91%) received support from their loved ones. Almost all admitted they engaged in some physical activity. Most respondents took drugs irregularly and were exposed to stress; more than a half declared exposure to allergens. The higher their self-efficacy was, the more likely they were to engage in sport activities. Self-efficacy and acceptance of the disease by respondents resulted in a significant decrease in asthma exacerbation incidence. The more support they received, the higher their acceptance of the disease was.
Conclusions. The respondents showed both positive and negative health behaviours. Self-efficacy was a significant predictor/ indicator of physical activity only. There was a significant relationship between the support that the patients received and their acceptance of the disease.
Przegląd narzędzi diagnostycznych i metod pomiaru zespołu stresu pourazowego (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD) z możliwością wykorzystania wśród ratowników medycznych / Overview of diagnostic tools and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) measurement methods with the possibility of use among paramedics
Authors: Kosydar-Bochenek Justyna , Lewandowski Bogumił , Ozga Dorota , Woźniak Krystyna 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The profession of a paramedic involves a constant contact with traumatic events - road accidents, disasters, acts of violence and so on. As a consequence of such frequent and long-lasting exposure to traumatic events, paramedics are prone to developing PTSD (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder). This is a chronic disorder impacting cognitive, emotional, behavioral and somatic experiences. As a result of a prolonged exposure to stressful events, such condition can be life threatening. There are two ways of diagnosing PTSD: structured interviews and self-rating questionnaires (self-rating scales). The researcher should choose the best method possible relying not only on its procedure. In addition, merit based factors and psychometric parameters should be taken into consideration. The present article provides an overview of both Polish as well as foreign PTSD assessment methods, which could be incorporated into the research conducted in a group of paramedics.