bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception is reality: change leadership and work engagement
Authors: Caulfield Jay L. , Senger Anthony 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how employee perceptions of change and leadership might impact work engagement following major organizational change.Design/methodology/approachSocial media invited US workers recently experiencing major organizational change to anonymously complete a web-based survey requesting qualitative and quantitative responses. Values-based coding and thematic analysis were used to explore qualitative data. Hierarchical and linear regression, and bootstrapped mediation were used to analyze quantitative data.FindingsAnalysis of qualitative data identified employees’ perceptions of ideal change and ideal leadership were well supported in the change leadership literature. Analysis of quantitative data indicated that employee perceptions of leadership fully mediated the relationship between employee perceptions of change and work engagement.Practical implicationsStudy findings imply that how employees perceive change is explained by how they perceive leadership during change, and that these perceptions impact work engagement. Although these findings appear commonsensical, the less than stellar statistics on major organizational change may encourage leaders to become more follower-focused throughout the change process.Originality/valueThe study makes a contribution to an understudied area of organizational research, specifically applied information processing theory. This is the first study that identifies employee perceptions of leadership as a mediator for perceptions of change and work engagement. From a value perspective, leaders as successful change agents recognize significant cost savings in dollars and human welfare by maintaining healthy workplaces with highly engaged workers.
Authentic leadership and turnover intention: does organizational size matter?
Authors: Oh Jinuk , Oh Semi 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address two of the ongoing theoretical and empirical questions in the literature on authentic leadership: does authentic leadership negatively influence employees’ turnover intentions by enhancing their levels of affective commitment? and does organizational size act as a boundary condition for the mediating effects of affective commitment in the link between authentic leadership and turnover intentions?

Design/methodology/approach
A moderated mediation model of the affective process linking authentic leadership and turnover intentions was developed and tested on a sample of 375 employees working in South Korean firms.

Findings
The negative indirect effects of authentic leadership on employees’ turnover intentions through changes in the levels of affective commitment were significant. Furthermore, the mediated relationship between authentic leadership and turnover intentions via employees’ levels of affective commitment was stronger in smaller organizations.

Practical implications
The findings of the present study may be useful to practitioners who are interested in employee retention. They can mitigate against turnover intentions by enhancing the authentic leadership qualities of the managers. More specifically, this approach is especially ideal for small organizations.

Originality/value
This study corroborates the results of previous studies in highlighting the pervasive effects of authentic leadership on turnover intentions via enhancing employees’ levels of affective commitment. Moreover, organizational size as a boundary condition for the aforementioned relationship was empirically examined.
Analysis of user satisfaction for unisex medical uniforms
Authors: Kim Injoo , Brandewie Brooke , Kim Myoung-Ok 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze the medical uniform wearers’ needs by surveying the current medical uniform sizing system and issues, and to evaluate fit satisfaction level of medical uniform wear by gender with scrub shirts, pants and coats.

Design/methodology/approach
Research was conducted using a quantitative questionnaire, and the respondents’ data results were analyzed using SPSS.

Findings
The distinguished difference from the medical uniform and daily wear was that the medical garments’ sizing system had only alphabet sizing options, and the wearing ease was larger than that of daily wear. Fabric preferences included the combination of “stretch fabrics + non-stretch fabrics”. All male respondents’ satisfaction levels were reported higher than those of female respondents. Respondents were the least satisfied with the pants, followed by the shirts, and the coat in that order. As the current medical uniform has been developed based on the male figure, there were significant needs overall for improving the fit of the female medical uniform.

Practical implications
The study quantified fit satisfaction levels to suggest specific improvements that should be made to the design and fit of the female pants along with the coat using new comfortable textiles to achieve better performance for all medical staff.

Originality/value
This research specifically evaluated fit satisfaction levels of the medical uniform provided by hospital institutions in Ohio, attempting to suggest improvements for future medical uniform and design development to increase overall fit satisfaction.
Preoperative effects of mifepristone for dilation and evacuation after 19 weeks of gestation: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shaw KA , Lerma K , Shaw JG , Scrivner KJ , Hugin M , Hopkins FW , Blumenthal PD 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo evaluate mifepristone as an adjunct to, or replacement for, osmotic dilators for cervical preparation in surgical abortion after 19 weeks of gestation.DesignSite‐stratified, double‐blinded randomised controlled trial.SettingTwo tertiary care teaching hospitals.PopulationWomen undergoing dilation and evacuation at 19–236/7 weeks of gestation from November 2013 through November 2015.MethodsParticipants were randomised to receive (1) mifepristone alone (n = 27), (2) osmotic dilators with mifepristone (n = 27) or (3) osmotic dilators with placebo (n = 21) with all receiving pre‐procedure misoprostol.Main outcome measuresOperative time, preoperative cervical dilation and complications.ResultsWe enrolled 75 participants; mean gestation 21 weeks. Pre‐procedure cervical dilation was ≥3 cm in 4, 52, and 57% of participants in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P < 0.005). Mifepristone with misoprostol for cervical preparation resulted in longer procedure times compared with osmotic dilators, with median total procedure times of (1) 18.5 (8–52), (2) 12 (7–25), and (3) 13 (6–26) minutes (P ≤ 0.005). Excluding time required for manual dilation, procedure times were similar: median times from dilation complete to evacuation complete were (1) 10.5 (4–23), (2) 8.5 (5–24), and (3) 10 (4–20) minutes (P = 0.10). Complications occurred in seven cases, six with trainees and one with an attending physician (P = 0.03), with difference by study group not reaching statistical significance (P = 0.12).ConclusionsElimination of osmotic dilators has the potential to decrease burden and opportunity cost of cervical preparation. The longer procedure time, related to manual dilation, is offset by decreasing dilator‐related preoperative time and discomfort. Provider experience may impact risk when eliminating dilators.Tweetable abstractMifepristone and misoprostol for cervical preparation prior to D&E has potential to reduce barriers to care.
Critical assessment of thioguanine treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases: Is it time to rehabilitate this treatment?
Authors: Movva Ramya , Haywood Alison , Khan Sohil A , Florin Timothy HJ , Oancea Iulia 
Published: August 2017

OBJECTIVEThe potential therapeutic effect of thioguanine in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is hindered due to association with vascular hepatotoxicity. The study aimed to assess the evidence for efficacy of thioguanine in IBD management and the association with nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) and other thioguanine‐related hepatotoxicities.METHODSPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines were used for literature search. Due to the lack of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the search was extended to observational studies. Quality of the included studies were graded A to C based on evaluation tools used to determine efficacy (subjective and objective grading tools) and nodular regenerative hyperplasia safety (liver biopsy and imaging tools).RESULTSTwo hundred and ninety studies were identified, but following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines only 13 studies were evaluated for efficacy and safety of thioguanine. Outcome measures were consistent across the included studies. Thioguanine appeared efficacious and well‐tolerated in patients who were intolerant/non‐responsive to existing immunomodulators. There was a trend toward a positive association between dose of thioguanine and NRH but not with other adverse events such as liver biochemical abnormalities or with portal hypertension.CONCLUSIONSThe evidence to support thioguanine treatment is limited to observational studies. While encouraging, there is a need for prospective RCTs to determine the role of thioguanine in the management of IBD.
Advances and bottlenecks in microbial hydrogen production
Authors: Stephen Alan J. , Archer Sophie A. , Orozco Rafael L. , Macaskie Lynne E. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryBiological production of hydrogen is poised to become a significant player in the future energy mix. This review highlights recent advances and bottlenecks in various approaches to biohydrogen processes, often in concert with management of organic wastes or waste CO2. Some key bottlenecks are highlighted in terms of the overall energy balance of the process and highlighting the need for economic and environmental life cycle analyses with regard also to socio‐economic and geographical issues.
Microbial biotechnology and circular economy in wastewater treatment
Authors: Nielsen Per Halkjær 
Published: August 2017

SummaryMicrobial biotechnology is essential for the development of circular economy in wastewater treatment by integrating energy production and resource recovery into the production of clean water. A comprehensive knowledge about identity, physiology, ecology, and population dynamics of process‐critical microorganisms will improve process stability, reduce CO2 footprints, optimize recovery and bioenergy production, and help finding new approaches and solutions. Examples of research needs and perspectives are provided, demonstrating the great importance of microbial biotechnology.
Focused cardiac ultrasound is feasible in parturients; a prospective observational study
Authors: Jain D. , Grejs A. M. , Bhavsar R. , Bang U. , Sloth E. , Juhl‐Olsen P. 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundIn pregnancy, the major causes of morbidity and mortality include diseases that affect circulation profoundly and restoration of normal circulation is a key objective. Focused cardiac ultrasound provides information on the individual determinants of circulation and has a significant impact on patient management. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of focused cardiac ultrasound in term parturients.MethodsForty parturients underwent focused cardiac ultrasound. Parasternal long‐axis, parasternal short‐axis, 4‐chamber and subcostal views were performed in the left‐lateral position and the supine position by a novice operator. All images were graded on the following scale: 1 = no image; 2 = poor and insufficient image; 3 = sufficient image quality; 4 = good image quality; 5 = perfect image quality. A cut‐off grade of three signified images sufficient for clinical decision‐making.ResultsImages sufficient for clinical decision‐making were obtained in all patients when including all imaging views. 37/40 (93 %) patients presented images of grade ≥ 4, whereas 10/40 (25%) patients had images of grade 5. Image grades were higher in the left lateral position (all P < 0.001). Parturients with a body mass index ≤ 30 kg/m2 did not present different image grades than parturients with a higher body mass index (P = 0.753). Subcostal views could not be obtained.ConclusionFocused cardiac ultrasound is feasible in the obstetric population and images of sufficient quality for clinical decision‐making were obtained in all parturients by an operator with limited experience.
Moral disapproval and perceived addiction to internet pornography: a longitudinal examination
Authors: Grubbs Joshua B. , Wilt Joshua A. , Exline Julie J. , Pargament Kenneth I. , Kraus Shane W. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground and AimsInternet pornography use is an increasingly common, yet controversial, behavior. Whereas mental health communities are divided about potentially problematic use patterns, many lay people identify as feeling dysregulated or compulsive in their use. Prior work has labeled this tendency perceived addiction to internet pornography (PA). This study's aims were to (1) assess the association between PA at baseline and other factors, including actual levels of average daily pornography use and personality factors and (2) assess the associations between baseline variables and PA 1 year later.DesignTwo large‐scale community samples were assessed using online survey methods, with subsets of each sample being recruited for follow‐up surveys 1 year later.SettingUnited States.ParticipantsParticipants were adults who had used pornography within the past 6 months recruited in two samples. Sample 1 (n = 1507) involved undergraduate students from three US universities and sample 2 (n = 782) involved web‐using adults. Subsets of each sample (sample 1, n = 146; sample 2, n = 211) were surveyed again 1 year later.MeasurementsAt baseline, we assessed average daily pornography use, PA and relevant predictors (e.g. trait neuroticism, trait self‐control, trait entitlement, religiousness, moral disapproval of pornography use). One year later, we assessed PA.FindingsCross‐sectionally, PA was correlated strongly with moral disapproval of pornography use [sample 1, Pearson's correlation: r = 0.68 (0.65, 0.70); sample 2, r = 0.58 (0.53, 0.63)]. Baseline moral disapproval [sample 1, r = 0.46 (0.33, 0.56); sample 2, r = 0.61 (0.51, 0.69)] and perceived addiction demonstrated relationships with perceived addiction 1 year later. We found inconclusive evidence of a substantial or significant association between pornography use and perceived addiction over time [sample 1, r = 0.13 (−0.02, 0.28); sample 2, r = 0.11 (−0.04, 0.25)].ConclusionsPerceived addiction to internet pornography appears to be related strongly to moral scruples around pornography use, both concurrently and over time, rather than with the amount of daily pornography use itself.
Effect of genetic European taurine ancestry on milk yield of Ankole‐Holstein crossbred dairy cattle in mixed smallholders system of Burundi highlands
Authors: Manirakiza J. , Hatungumukama G. , Thévenon S. , Gautier M. , Besbes B. , Flori L. , Detilleux J. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryDifferent breeding systems associated with specific bovine genetic resources have coexisted in Burundi. To prepare for the development of a national action plan for the improvement of bovine genetic resources in Burundi, we aimed at performing genetic characterization of Ankole and Ankole × European crossbred individuals and assessing the effect of European ancestry on milk productivity of cows kept under the mixed crops livestock system. To that end, we genotyped 37 Ankole and 138 crossbred individuals on 42 636 SNPs and combined these genotypes with those from 21 cattle breeds, representative of the bovine genetic diversity. We also measured milk yield not suckled and estimated suckled milk. Given the results, we confirmed the indicine × African taurine admixed origin of the Ankole in Burundi and showed that crossbred individuals present a high proportion of European ancestry (i.e. 57% on average). As the proportion of European ancestry increased, milk yield increased by 0.03 ± 0.01 l/day, at a lower extent than expected. We also observed that breeders were unable to correctly evaluate the European proportion in their livestock. Our results may provide useful information for objective dairy breeding in Burundi. As an example, an ex‐situ conservation program of Ankole within the framework of value chains is proposed as an accompanying strategy to improve the sustainability of the crossbreeding program.
The effect of acetazolamide on intra‐ocular pressure after Trendelenburg positioning – a randomised double‐blind crossover trial in volunteers
Authors: Vitish‐Sharma P. , King A. J. , Abbas A. , Maxwell‐Armstrong C. , Guo B. , Acheson A. G. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryRecent evidence suggests Trendelenburg positioning can produce a significant rise in intra‐ocular pressure. Peri‐operative vision loss in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery has been reported with the rise in intra‐ocular pressure suggested as a possible factor. Acetazolamide decreases intra‐ocular pressure by reducing the formation of aqueous humour, so we aimed to investigate if it could attenuate the intra‐ocular pressure rise that can occur in the Trendelenburg position. Nine healthy volunteers were recruited and randomly assigned to a double‐blind crossover comparison of placebo or acetazolamide with a minimal 4 days’ washout period before the second study day. One and a half hours after taking the medication, volunteers lay head‐down at 17° for 4 h. Intraocular pressure measurements were repeated in both eyes every 30 min over a 4‐h period. There were two males and seven female volunteers, with a mean (SD) age of 54.3 (18.5) years. The mean (SD) increase in intra‐ocular pressure following 4 h in the Trendelenburg position was 3.17 (4.63) mmHg after the placebo, and 0.02 (4.01) mmHg (p = 0.02) after acetazolamide. We have shown than acetazolamide can attenuate the rise that occurs in intra‐ocular pressure when in the Trendelenburg position.
The higher prevalence of truncal obesity and diabetes in American than Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C might contribute to more rapid progression to advanced liver disease
Authors: Rao H. , Wu E. , Fu S. , Yang M. , Feng B. , Lin A. , Fei R. , Fontana R. J. , Lok A. S. , Wei L. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryBackgroundChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States (US) and an emerging cause in China.AimTo compare the clinical characteristics of hepatitis C patients in the US and China, and factors influencing disease stage.MethodsProspective study of 2 cohorts of HCV patients recruited at 1 site in the US and 3 sites in China. Standardised questionnaire on risk factors and medical history were used and diagnosis of cirrhosis and HCC was based on pre‐defined criteria.ResultsOne thousand nine hundred and fifty seven patients (1000 US and 957 China) were enrolled. US patients were more likely to be men (61.4% vs 48.5%), older (median age 57 vs 53 years), obese (38.4% vs 16.8%) and diabetic (21.8% vs 10.8%). A significantly higher per cent of US patients had cirrhosis (38.2% vs 16.0%) and HCC (14.1% vs 2.7%). Investigator estimated time at infection in US was 10 years earlier than in Chinese patients but US patients were more likely to have advanced disease even after stratifying for duration of infection. Study site in the US, older age, truncal obesity, diabetes and prior HCV treatment were significant predictors of advanced disease on multivariate analysis.ConclusionsHCV patients in the US had more advanced liver disease than those in China. We speculate that underlying fatty liver disease may be a major contributor to this difference, and management of glycometabolic abnormalities should occur in parallel with anti‐viral therapy to achieve optimal outcomes.
“I don’t know what I was expecting”: Home visits by neonatology fellows for infants discharged from the NICU
Authors: Hobbs Janice E. , Tschudy Megan M. , Hussey‐Gardner Brenda , Jennings Jacky M. , Boss Renee D. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundWhen families transition from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to the home, they become responsible for their infant's daily medical needs. Though neonatology physicians prepare families for hospital discharge, it is unclear how much clinicians understand about how their teaching and instructions translate into home care. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of a home visiting program on neonatology fellows’ understanding of family needs soon after hospital discharge.MethodsNeonatology fellows conducted a home visit for an infant recently discharged. Before the visit, fellows reviewed their original discharge instructions, along with information about the family's neighborhood. During the home visit, fellows reviewed their discharge planning with families and discussed any challenges experienced. Afterwards, fellows completed a semi‐structured interview; these transcriptions were manually coded for themes.ResultsFellows identified several common women/family discharge challenges. These challenges fall into four domains: (1) inadequate discharge preparation, (2) medicalization of the home, (3) family adjustment to new “normal,” and (4) the relevance of social context to discharge planning. Most (90%) fellows reported the home visit experience would affect their future NICU discharge practices and all agreed that home visits should be a part of neonatology training.ConclusionsHome visits allowed neonatology fellows to examine how their discharge preparation did, or did not, meet the family's needs. Incorporating home visits into neonatology training could help fellows learn about the relevance of social and community factors that are difficult to assess in the inpatient setting.
Detection and care practices for postpartum depressive symptoms in public‐sector obstetric units in Mexico: Qualitative results from a resource‐constrained setting
Authors: Place Jean Marie S. , Allen‐Leigh Betania , Billings Deborah L. , Dues Kiya M. , de Castro Filipa 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundPostpartum depression (PPD) is amenable to detection and treatment, but effectively addressing it is contingent on policies, practices, and health care providers working together to address the issue. The aim of this study is to describe a sample of health care providers’ existing practices in public‐sector obstetric units in Mexico related to detecting and offering care to women with depressive symptomology.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 40 health care providers (16 physicians, 13 nurses, three social workers, and eight psychologists) from one tertiary‐level and two secondary‐level, public‐sector obstetric units, were conducted by members of a trained research team from May to July 2012. Qualitative data were analyzed in Spanish according to Grounded Theory, using Nvivo 10 software.ResultsLack of hospital guidelines, training, and time constraints are reasons given for not detecting PPD symptoms among women. Providers reported that their role is cursory and limited to giving women anticipatory guidance for what to expect emotionally after childbirth or providing a trusting atmosphere for women to express their feelings. Care is fragmented and inadequate, in part because of the lack of protocols that define who makes mental health referrals and where. Providers indicated PPD is important but not prioritized in health care for pregnant and postpartum women.ConclusionCritical needs in obstetric units include formal mental health care detection and care protocols during the perinatal period, strategies to address mental health needs despite short hospital stays, and training for providers on how to implement detection and care protocols and strategies.