bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inclusive victim consciousness predicts minority group members’ support for refugees and immigrants
Authors: Vollhardt Johanna Ray , Nair Rashmi , Tropp Linda R. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWhat motivates minority group members to support other minorities, rather than compete for resources? We tested whether inclusive victim consciousness —i.e., perceived similarities between the ingroup's and outgroups’ collective victimization—predicts support for other minority groups; and whether personal and family experiences of group‐based victimization moderate these effects. Study 1 was conducted among members of historically oppressed groups in India. As hypothesized, inclusive victim consciousness predicted support for refugees. Personal experiences of group‐based victimization moderated this effect. Conceptually replicating these findings, in Study 2 (among Vietnamese Americans, mostly second‐generation immigrants) inclusive victim consciousness predicted less hostility toward other refugees and immigrants, and greater perceived responsibility to help victims of collective violence. This effect was moderated by family experiences of victimization.
High mobility group box 1 is increased in the sera of psoriatic patients with disease progression
Authors: Bergmann C. , Strohbuecker L. , Lotfi R. , Sucker A. , Joosten I. , Koenen H. , Körber A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune‐related chronic inflammatory disease, which appears mostly in skin, but also affects the vascular and metabolic system. The incidence of PV is 2–3% in the general population and there is still no possibility to cure. Trigger factors have been identified to initiate and maintain inflammation in the skin, which is characterized by Th1‐, Th17‐ and Th22‐ cells.ObjectiveWe hypothesize that the damage‐associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) plays a role in the pathogenesis of PV. HMGB1 is a DNA‐binding protein located in the nucleus, which acquires cytokine‐like properties once released from the cell upon necrotic cell death or actively secreted by immune cells in inflammation and cancer.MethodsWe recruited 90 psoriatic patients under and without therapy with mild, intermediate and severe progression of disease, defined by the Psoriasis Area Severity Index. Serum levels of HMGB1 in patients with PV were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsOur results show an increased level of HMGB1 in the sera of patients with PV in comparison to healthy donors. Furthermore, our analyses reveal that HMGB1 levels are significantly increased with disease progression and are downregulated after standard therapies for PV have been conducted.ConclusionOur data provide insights into a possible role of HMGB1 for inflammation in PV.
The Risk Analysis of Metallic Foreign Bodies in Food Products
Authors: Trafialek Joanna , Kaczmarek Sylwia , Kolanowski Wojciech 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to elaborate and validate the risk analysis procedure of metallic foreign bodies’ occurrence in food. The enterprise selected for the study was a company processing dry foods. The procedure was based on Failure Mode and Effect Analysis. The implementation of the procedure allowed to find two production stages at risk of metallic particles' contamination, which were: reception of raw materials into the plant and packaging of finished products. The group of products at the highest risk of contamination was: buckwheat, prunes, brown cane sugar, brown flax and “tropical” muesli. The methods of risk management and the risk communication were established. The procedure may be a convenient tool for better food safety assurance and can be used in many food processing enterprises where the risk of metallic foreign bodies’ occurrence in finished products is high.Practical ApplicationsMetallic foreign bodies are common in some kinds of food. Occurrence of metallic foreign bodies significantly decreases food safety. The procedure elaborated and validated in this study is based on Failure Mode and Effect Analysis. The implementation of the procedure allows to find production stages at risk of metallic particles' contamination. The procedure may be a convenient tool for better food safety assurance and can be used in many food processing enterprises where the risk of metallic foreign bodies’ occurrence in finished products is high.
Culturally Embedded Risk Factors for Cambodian Husband–Wife HIV Transmission: From Women's Point of View
Authors: Yang Youngran , Lewis Frances Marcus , Wojnar Danuta 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to use interview data to examine the validity of a recently published theoretical model of HIV transmission between husband and virginal wives in rural Cambodia.DesignThis study used a qualitative description method with a sample of women diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.MethodsData were collected through in‐depth interviews conducted with 15 women who self‐identified as having contracted HIV from their HIV‐positive husbands. Interviews were conducted in Khmer, translated and back‐translated for accuracy, and then coded using deductive content analysis. Trustworthiness of study results was protected through peer debriefing, coding to consensus, and maintaining an audit trail.FindingsEach conceptual domain of the prior published theoretical model of HIV transmission was validated and further elaborated by current study data: wives’ acceptance of their husbands’ involvement with commercial sex workers, the common practice of unprotected sex between HIV‐infected spouses and uninfected wives, and wives’ beliefs about the value of the ideal Khmer woman. In addition, the current study findings identified a new domain that substantially distinguished between the beliefs and attitudes held about marriage and sex by wives and spouses.ConclusionsWomen were not passive recipients of HIV transmission; they reciprocated with behaviors that were consistent with being a good Khmer woman in rural Cambodia, all of which increased their vulnerability to HIV transmission from their HIV‐infected spouses. Future interventions or programs should consider all these factors and not overly rely on simplistic educational messages about wearing barriers for HIV transmission during sex.Clinical RelevanceThe refined theoretical model of HIV transmission from this qualitative research can be used to formulate culturally sensitive and embedded programs for curbing intramarital HIV transmission in Cambodia among the rural poor.
Experiences and Lessons Learned in Using Community‐Based Participatory Research to Recruit Asian American Immigrant Research Participants
Authors: Katigbak Carina , Foley Meghan , Robert Lauren , Hutchinson M. Katherine 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPurposeBy 2050, the number of international migrants is expected to double from 214 million people. Of these, Asian immigrants are projected to comprise the largest foreign‐born population in the United States by the year 2065. Asian American immigrants experience numerous health disparities, but remain under‐represented in health research. The purpose of this article is to examine the experiences and lessons learned in applying community‐based participatory research (CBPR) principles to access and recruit a sample of Asian American research participants.ApproachThis article reviews unique barriers to research participation among Asian Americans, describes the principles of CBPR, and provides examples of how these principles were employed to bridge recruitment challenges within a qualitative study.Findings and ConclusionsCBPR facilitated greater research participation among a group of immigrant Asian Americans. Researchers must be additionally mindful of the importance of building trusting relationships with their community partners, understanding the significance of shared experiences, considering fears around immigration status, and considering ongoing challenges in identifying and reaching hidden populations.Clinical RelevanceClinicians and researchers can employ CBPR principles to guide their work with Asian immigrant communities and other under‐represented groups to facilitate access to the population, improve participant recruitment, and foster engagement and collaboration.
Five‐Year Bibliometric Review of Genomic Nursing Science Research
Authors: Williams Janet K. , Tripp‐Reimer Toni , Daack‐Hirsch Sandra , DeBerg Jennifer 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPurposeThis bibliometric review profiles the focus, dissemination, and impact of genomic nursing science articles from 2010 to 2014.DesignData‐based genomic nursing articles by nursing authors and articles by non‐nurse principal investigators funded by the National Institute of Nursing Research were categorized into the Genomic Nursing Science Blueprint nursing areas.MethodsBibliometric content analysis was used.FindingsA total of 197 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 60.3% were on biologic plausibility, 12.1% on client self‐management, 11.1% on decision making or decision support, 8.1% on family, and 4.0% on communication, with the remaining 4.0% of articles focused on other topics. Few (11.6%) addressed healthcare disparities in the study purpose. Thirty‐four references (17.2%) were cited 10 or more times.ConclusionsResearch‐based genomic nursing science articles are in the discovery phase of inquiry. All topics were investigated in more than one country. Healthcare disparities were addressed in few studies. Research findings from interdisciplinary teams were disseminated beyond nursing audiences, with findings addressing biologic discovery, decision making or support, and family being cited most frequently. Gaps in the reviewed articles included cross‐cutting themes, ethics, and clinical utility. Interdisciplinary research is needed to document clinical and system outcomes of genomic nursing science implementation in health care.Clinical RelevanceAlthough the review identifies areas that are encountered in clinical practice, relevance to practice will depend on evaluation of findings and subsequent development of clinical guidelines.
Combined use of two formulations containing diacetyl boldine, TGF‐β1 biomimetic oligopeptide‐68 with other hypopigmenting/exfoliating agents and sunscreen provides effective and convenient treatment for facial melasma. Either is equal to or is better than 4% hydroquinone on normal skin
Authors: Pratchyapurit Walai‐orn 
Published: February 2016

SummaryBackgroundTreatment of melasma remains a challenge and involves multistep approach. Diacetyl boldine (DAB) stabilizes tyrosinase in its inactive form while TGF‐β1 biomimetic oligopeptide‐68 inhibits tyrosinase activity.Aims(1) to study the efficacy and safety of the combination use of two formulae containing two principal ingredients: DAB and TGF‐β1 biomimetic oligopeptide‐68 on facial melasma, and (2) to compare their efficacy with 2% and 4% hydroquinone cream (HQ) on sun‐protected normal skin.MethodsA randomized, double‐blind, 12‐week comparative study of pre‐/post‐treatment was conducted in 40 females. Melasma was evaluated by manual MASI score and MASI score with instrumentally graded darkness at baseline, 6th week, and 12th week. The author also compared their effect with HQ on the arms, assessed their safety profile throughout the study.ResultsThirty‐eight subjects have completed the study. Their melasma showed improvement at the 6th week and 12th week as compared with baseline (P < 0.05). None developed severe reaction. Most subjects had temporary, mild skin reaction. About 2.6% of subjects graded themselves markedly improved, 76.3% moderately improved, and 21.1% slightly improved. Each formula showed either more efficacy or exerted faster action on pigment reduction than HQ.ConclusionCombination of DAB serum at night and DAB/TGF‐β1 biomimetic oligopeptide‐68/sunscreen cream in the morning and at noon was effective and safe for facial melasma. They were superior to HQ in pigment reduction.
Expectant management of a case of uterine arteriovenous malformation with an ovarian artery aneurysm
Authors: Akashi Keiko , Tanno Keisuke , Chikazawa Kenro , Mikami Yukiko , Netsu Sachiho , Konno Ryo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractUterine arteriovenous malformations are rare and their true prevalence is unknown. Selective arterial embolization is used as first‐line therapy for acute severe vaginal hemorrhage associated with uterine arteriovenous malformations. However, some patients with no vaginal bleeding have been treated conservatively, so the optimal treatment modality for arteriovenous malformations is unclear. We describe a 58‐year‐old woman with uterine arteriovenous malformation and an ovarian artery aneurysm who was successfully treated with an expectant management approach along with an assessment of age, symptoms, and imaging findings.
Serum levels of neopterin, inflammatory markers and oxidative stress indicators in hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: Tunc Senem Yaman , Agacayak Elif , Budak Sukru , Tunc Nurettin , Icen Mehmet Sait , Findik Fatih Mehmet , Ekinci Aysun , Gul Talip 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimTo investigate whether serum levels of neopterin and inflammatory markers including C‐reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and oxidative status indicators were altered in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) compared to asymptomatic pregnant women.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed including 30 pregnant women with HG (mean age: 30.67 ± 6.68) and 30 asymptomatic pregnant women (mean age: 28.00 ± 5.30). Demographic features, obstetric history, and the Pregnancy Unique Quantification of Emesis/Nausea (PUQE) index were noted. Complete blood count, serum biochemical assay and measurement of CRP, TNF‐α, IL‐6, total antioxidant status and total oxidative status (TOS) levels were taken and compared between groups.ResultsWhite blood cell count (P = 0.013), platelet count (P = 0.015), TOS (P < 0.001), and PUQE score (P < 0.001) were remarkably higher in HG pregnancies. On the other hand, serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, (P < 0.001), sodium (P < 0.001), potassium (P < 0.001), chloride (P < 0.001) and TAS (P < 0.001) were higher in the control group. There was no difference in the levels of neopterin, CRP, TNF‐α and IL‐6. In patients with HG, a positive correlation was detected between TOS and serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, while TNF‐α, IL‐6 and neopterin were positively correlated with hemoglobin levels.ConclusionOur results demonstrated no association between inflammation and HG. Elucidation of the pathophysiology and complex interaction between various inflammatory processes in HG necessitates further trials on larger series.
A School‐Level Proxy Measure for Individual‐Level Poverty Using School‐Level Eligibility for Free and Reduced‐Price Meals
Authors: Day Sophia E. , Hinterland Kinjia , Myers Christa , Gupta Leena , Harris Tiffany G. , Konty Kevin J. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSocioeconomic status (SES) impacts health outcomes. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), like many school‐based data sources, lacks individual‐level poverty information. We propose using school‐level percentages of student eligibility for free/reduced‐price meals (%FRPM) as a proxy for individual‐level poverty.METHODSUsing the New York City (NYC) 2009 YRBS, we created school‐level poverty quartiles to append to individual YRBS records by ranking schools by %FRPM. We compared this with 2 other school‐level poverty measures using students' home and school neighborhood‐level poverty and measured the association of these 3 school‐level proxies with individual's household income. Last, we evaluated health outcomes by race/ethnicity and poverty to demonstrate the importance of accounting for poverty.RESULTSThe school‐level measure that used %FRPM had the strongest association with household income. When the school‐level individual poverty proxy was included in illustrative analyses using YRBS data, patterns by poverty within race/ethnicity emerged that were not seen when looking at race/ethnicity alone.CONCLUSIONSUsing a poverty measure to analyze school‐based data will provide a better understanding of the impact of SES on health outcomes. Based on our evaluation, when individual‐level information is not available, we propose using school‐level %FRPM, which are publicly available throughout the United States.
Effect of lemon verbena powder and vitamin C on performance and immunity of heat‐stressed broilers
Authors: Rafiee F. , Mazhari M. , Ghoreishi M. , Esmaeilipour O. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryAn experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of lemon verbena powder and vitamin C on performance and immunity of broilers under heat stress. The experiment was carried out with a total of 160‐day‐old male Ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design. From 25 days of age, the birds were assigned to four diets including control diet and treatment diets which were supplemented with 2 levels of lemon verbena (0.5% and 1.0%) and one level of vitamin C (250 mg/kg) in 16‐floor pens with 10 chickens each and reared to 42 days of age. To induce chronic heat stress, birds were exposed to an ambient temperature of 35 ± 2 °C for 8 h daily (from 09:00 AM until 17:00 PM) between 25 and 42 days of age. At the end of experiment, one chick/pen was randomly selected, and the performance and blood parameters were evaluated. Dietary supplementation of 1.0% lemon verbena increased (p < 0.05) average weight gain and feed intake by 5.81% and 3.29%, and reduced feed conversion ratio by 2.59% respectively compared to control group. Birds fed diets containing 1.0% lemon verbena had significantly higher relative weight of bursa of fabricius and breast (p < 0.05). LDL decreased by 15.85% and 17.57%, for birds fed 0.5% and 1.0% lemon verbena respectively. The ratio of heterophyl to lymphocyte was reduced (p < 0.05) by 20.68% via significant decrease in heterophyl by 15.55% and significant increase in lymphocyte by 4.51% in birds fed lemon verbena at the rate of 1.0% compared to those fed the control diet. 1.0% lemon verbena and vitamin C elevated (p = 0.0005) the level of glutathione peroxidase by 51.81% and 27.90%, respectively. In conclusion, lemon verbena and vitamin C improved some performance data and blood metabolites which somehow suppressed the negative effects of heat stress.
IL15 polymorphism is associated with advanced fibrosis, inflammation‐related biomarkers and virological response in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus coinfection
Authors: Jiménez‐Sousa María A. , Berenguer Juan , Rallón Norma , Pineda‐Tenor Daniel , Aldamiz‐Echevarria Teresa , Soriano Vicente , García‐Álvarez Mónica , Vazquez‐Morón Sonia , Restrepo Clara , Carrero Ana , Benito José M. , Resino Salvador 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackground & AimsIL15 is an essential cytokine in both innate and adaptive immune response against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim was to analyze whether IL15 rs10833 is associated with liver disease severity and response to pegylated‐interferon‐alpha plus ribavirin (pegIFN‐alpha/RBV) therapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐/HCV‐co‐infected patients.MethodsA retrospective study was performed in 315 patients who started pegIFN‐alpha/RBV therapy. Liver fibrosis stage was characterized in 286 patients. IL15 rs10833 and IL28B rs12980275 were genotyped by GoldenGate. The primary outcomes were: (a) advanced liver fibrosis evaluated by liver biopsy (F3–F4) or transient elastography (liver stiffness values ≥9.5 Kpa); (b) sustained virological response (SVR). The secondary outcome variable was the levels of serum biomarkers of inflammation.ResultsPatients with rs10833 AA genotype had increased odds of having advanced fibrosis (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.30; P = 0.019), particularly in males (aOR = 2.24; P = 0.040), patients with HCV serum viral load (HCV‐RNA) <500 000 IU/ml (aOR = 5.14; P = 0.018) and patients with IL28B rs12980275 AG/GG genotypes (aOR = 2.51; P = 0.046). Moreover, rs10833 AA genotype was significantly associated with higher levels of hepatocyte growth factor (adjusted arithmetic mean ratio (aAMR) = 1.50; P = 0.016), sICAM‐1 (aAMR = 1.57; P = 0.025) and sVCAM‐1 (aAMR = 1.56; P = 0.007). Finally, patients with rs10833 AA genotype had increased odds of achieving SVR (aOR = 3.12; P = 0.006), particularly in males (aOR = 3.69; P = 0.005), GT1/4 patients (aOR = 3.59; P = 0.006), patients with advanced fibrosis (aOR = 4.64; P = 0.021), HCV‐RNA ≥500 000 IU/ml (aOR = 3.92; P = 0.007) and patients with IL28B rs12980275 AG/GG genotype (aOR = 2.98; P = 0.041).ConclusionsThe presence of IL15 rs10833 AA genotype in HIV‐/HCV‐co‐infected patients was associated with advanced liver fibrosis, inflammation‐related biomarkers and increased rates of SVR to pegIFN‐alpha/RBV therapy.
A genomic perspective on hybridization and speciation
Authors: Payseur Bret A. , Rieseberg Loren H. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHybridization among diverging lineages is common in nature. Genomic data provide a special opportunity to characterize the history of hybridization and the genetic basis of speciation. We review existing methods and empirical studies to identify recent advances in the genomics of hybridization, as well as issues that need to be addressed. Notable progress has been made in the development of methods for detecting hybridization and inferring individual ancestries. However, few approaches reconstruct the magnitude and timing of gene flow, estimate the fitness of hybrids or incorporate knowledge of recombination rate. Empirical studies indicate that the genomic consequences of hybridization are complex, including a highly heterogeneous landscape of differentiation. Inferred characteristics of hybridization differ substantially among species groups. Loci showing unusual patterns – which may contribute to reproductive barriers – are usually scattered throughout the genome, with potential enrichment in sex chromosomes and regions of reduced recombination. We caution against the growing trend of interpreting genomic variation in summary statistics across genomes as evidence of differential gene flow. We argue that converting genomic patterns into useful inferences about hybridization will ultimately require models and methods that directly incorporate key ingredients of speciation, including the dynamic nature of gene flow, selection acting in hybrid populations and recombination rate variation.
The genetic consequences of selection in natural populations
Authors: Thurman Timothy J. , Barrett Rowan D. H. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe selection coefficient, s, quantifies the strength of selection acting on a genetic variant. Despite this parameter's central importance to population genetic models, until recently we have known relatively little about the value of s in natural populations. With the development of molecular genetic techniques in the late 20th century and the sequencing technologies that followed, biologists are now able to identify genetic variants and directly relate them to organismal fitness. We reviewed the literature for published estimates of natural selection acting at the genetic level and found over 3000 estimates of selection coefficients from 79 studies. Selection coefficients were roughly exponentially distributed, suggesting that the impact of selection at the genetic level is generally weak but can occasionally be quite strong. We used both nonparametric statistics and formal random‐effects meta‐analysis to determine how selection varies across biological and methodological categories. Selection was stronger when measured over shorter timescales, with the mean magnitude of s greatest for studies that measured selection within a single generation. Our analyses found conflicting trends when considering how selection varies with the genetic scale (e.g., SNPs or haplotypes) at which it is measured, suggesting a need for further research. Besides these quantitative conclusions, we highlight key issues in the calculation, interpretation, and reporting of selection coefficients and provide recommendations for future research.