bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-peptide antibodies, anti-SNRK and anti-HUWE1 antibodies as potential predictors of good response to tofacitinib therapy in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Chen Po-Ku , Chen Yi-Ming , Chen Jeremy J W , Chen Der-Yuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To maximize the cost-effectiveness of tofacitinib, one of the Janus kinase inhibitors, there is an unmet need to identify predictors of therapeutic response. Utilizing phage immunoprecipitation sequencing (PhIP-Seq), we aim to identify peptide biomarkers for predicting good response to tofacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods
We enrolled 106 patients who had received 24-week tofacitinib therapy, including 12 patients undergoing PhIP-Seq analysis in the discovery stage and 94 patients validated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the replication stage. Disease activity was assessed using the 28-joint disease activity score-erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and therapeutic response was evaluated using EULAR response criteria. Plasma levels of caspase-1 and IL-18 were determined using ELISA.

Results
PhIP-Seq analysis identified antibodies to sucrose non-fermenting-related kinase (SNRK) and HUWE1 (ubiquitin E3 ligase) as peptide biomarkers for discriminating good responders from the non-good responders. Using ELISA for validation on another cohort, an optimal cut-off value of anti-SNRK antibody for predicting good response was 0.381, with AUC 0.823, specificity 80.6% and sensitivity 78.1% (P = 3.01E-07), and anti-HUWE1 antibody at 0.362, with AUC 0.740, specificity 74.2% and sensitivity 62.5% (P &lt; 0.001). Plasma levels of anti-SNRK and anti-HUWE1 antibodies were positively correlated with levels of caspase-1 and IL-18 (both P &lt; 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed anti-SNRK antibody as a significant predictor of good therapeutic response. After tofacitinib therapy, anti-SNRK antibody levels significantly declined in good responders, but not in non-good responders.

Conclusion
We identify two peptide antibodies, anti-SNRK and anti-HUWE1 antibodies, as pretreatment predictors of good therapeutic response to tofacitinib in RA patients.
Integration of a dose management system in the public hospitals of Cyprus: Key areas and initial outcomes
Authors: Skouridi Eleni , Metaxas Vasileios , Kaolis Demetris , Kokona Georgiana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Despite the growing use of dose management systems (DMSs), there is limited guidance on their optimal setup. This study aims to fill this gap by outlining the process followed to integrate “DOSE” (Qaelum NV, Belgium) DMS within the Cypriot public hospitals. DOSE was connected to the available central PACS, followed by a thorough data and functioning validation. A preliminary study was also conducted to assess the DOSE’s ability to establish typical dose values in diagnostic radiography. Overall, over 70 x-ray units were configured. For some connections, it was necessary to first adjust the unit’s DICOM attributes or to utilise the DICOM coercion technique. The DICOM image header was sometimes preferred over the DICOM RDSR, as the chosen data source. This study underscored the importance of understanding the equipment’s technical capabilities for a successful DMS integration, while personnel with expertise in diagnostic radiology and the IT aspects of medical physics proved to have a vital role in the process. The pilot study showed that DOSE is an effective tool for establishing typical dose values and assessing compliance with relevant dose levels.
A replicate crossover trial on the interindividual variability of sleep indices in response to acute exercise undertaken by healthy men
Authors: Yang Yuting , Thackray Alice E , Shen Tonghui , Alotaibi Tareq F , Alanazi Turki M , Clifford Tom , Hartescu Iuliana , King James A , Roberts Matthew J , Willis Scott A , Lolli Lorenzo , Atkinson Greg , Stensel David J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Using the necessary replicate-crossover design, we investigated whether there is interindividual variability in home-assessed sleep in response to acute exercise.

Methods
Eighteen healthy men (mean [SD]: 26[6] years) completed two identical control (8 hour laboratory rest, 08:45–16:45) and two identical exercise (7 hour laboratory rest; 1 hour laboratory treadmill run [62(7)% peak oxygen uptake], 15:15–16:15) trials in randomized sequences. Wrist-worn actigraphy (MotionWatch 8) measured home-based sleep (total sleep time, actual wake time, sleep latency, and sleep efficiency) two nights before (nights 1 and 2) and three nights after (nights 3–5) the exercise/control day. Pearson’s correlation coefficients quantified the consistency of individual differences between the replicates of control-adjusted exercise responses to explore: (1) immediate (night 3 minus night 2); (2) delayed (night 5 minus night 2); and (3) overall (average post-intervention minus average pre-intervention) exercise-related effects. Within-participant linear mixed models and a random-effects between-participant meta-analysis estimated participant-by-trial response heterogeneity.

Results
For all comparisons and sleep outcomes, the between-replicate correlations were nonsignificant, ranging from trivial to moderate (r range = −0.44 to 0.41, p ≥ .065). Participant-by-trial interactions were trivial. Individual differences SDs were small, prone to uncertainty around the estimates indicated by wide 95% confidence intervals, and did not provide support for true individual response heterogeneity. Meta-analyses of the between-participant, replicate-averaged condition effect revealed that, again, heterogeneity (τ) was negligible for most sleep outcomes.

Conclusions
Control-adjusted sleep in response to acute exercise was inconsistent when measured on repeated occasions. Interindividual differences in sleep in response to exercise were small compared with the natural (trial-to-trial) within-subject variability in sleep outcomes.

Clinical trials information
https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05022498. Registration number: NCT05022498.
Osteochondral Autograft Transplantation for Symptomatic Full-thickness Patellar Cartilage Defects in Adolescents
Authors: Masquijo Javier , Carabajal Mattar Miguel , Ron Marqués Alejandra , Losa Alberto , Cabello Blanco Juan , Nuñez de Armas Joaquín , Tuca Maria J. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
This study aimed to review the clinical, radiographic, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes of osteochondral autograft transplantation applied to patellar cartilage lesions of patients under 18 years of age.

Methods:
Data from nine consecutive patients were retrospectively analyzed for indications, preoperative complications, and clinical-radiographic outcomes. Patients were clinically evaluated using the Pedi-IKDC and Lysholm scores. In addition, return to sports and knee pain were assessed. MRI evaluation included an analysis of osteochondral graft integration using the magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue 2.0 score and radiographic classification of osteoarthritis using the Kellgren-Lawrence system.

Results:
Nine patients (9 knees, 6 males) with a mean age of 14 years (SD: 1.7, range; 11 to 17 y) were analyzed. Lesions were located on the medial facet (N=5), lateral facet (N=3), and central ridge of the patella (N=1). One or 2 cylindrical osteochondral grafts were transplanted, with a median diameter of 9 mm (range: 8 to 10 mm). The average lesion size was 102.9 mm2. At a mean follow-up of 45.1 months (range: 23 to 117 mo), the mean Pedi-IKDC score was 89.2 (SD: 9.8), and the Lysholm score was 94.4 (SD: 4.8). Patients returned to sports in an average of 7.3 months (SD: 2, range: 6 to 12 mo). MRI of 8 patients showed osteochondral graft integration with a mean magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue 2.0 score of 86.9 (SD: 7, range: 80 to 100). Six knees showed Kellgren-Lawrence grade 0 joint space on radiographs, and 3 showed grade 1. Eight patients were asymptomatic at the last follow-up, and 1 reported occasional mild pain with intense physical activity. One patient developed arthrofibrosis, requiring arthroscopic lysis of adhesions and manipulation.

Conclusion:
Osteochondral autograft transplantation is a safe and effective technique for treating symptomatic patellar full-thickness chondral lesions in adolescents. Long-term follow-up studies will determine whether the affected area maintains structural and functional integrity over time.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—therapeutic study.
Risk Factors for Adjacent Vertebral Fractures Following Cement Vertebroplasty
Authors: Huang Po-Hao , Chen Chih-Wei , Hu Ming-Hsiao , Yang Shu-Hua , Huang Chuan-Ching 
Published: October 2024

Study Design:
A retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
The study retrospectively analyzed the factors associated with the development of adjacent vertebral fractures.

Summary of Background Data:
Adjacent vertebral fractures (AVF) may occur following cement vertebroplasty, and several risk factors have been reported with controversies.

Methods:
A total of 123 patients, with a mean age of 79.2 years, who underwent single-level vertebroplasty were included in the investigation. We systematically collected data encompassing baseline demographics, osteoporosis parameters, surgical details, radiologic measurements, and Hounsfield unit (HU) values in the lumbar spine. Subsequently, univariable, followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses, were employed to identify the risk factors of AVFs.

Results:
Thirty of 123 patients had AVFs within 6 months following vertebroplasty. The AVF group exhibited a higher percentage of multiple preexisting vertebral compression fractures (P=0.006), a greater volume of injected cement (P=0.032), and a more pronounced reduction in local kyphosis (P=0.007). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed multiple preexisting vertebral compression fractures and a reduction in local kyphosis exceeding 8 degrees were independent risk factors for AVFs (P=0.008 and 0.003, respectively), with odds ratios of 3.78 (95% confidence interval: 1.41–10.12) and 4.16 (95% CI: 1.65–10.50), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with multiple preexisting vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) had significantly lower bone mineral density Z-score, T-score, and HU values compared with those without preexisting VCFs (P<0.05). Conversely, there were no significant differences in T-score or HU values between patients with no VCFs and those with a single VCF.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated that both bone strength and local alignment are key factors associated with adjacent vertebral fractures. Specifically, having multiple preexisting vertebral compression fractures and a reduction in local kyphosis exceeding 8 degrees are independent risk factors. The presence of more than one previous vertebral compression fracture serves as a significant clinical indicator of advanced bone density reduction in patients with osteoporosis, offering a quick and straightforward method for identifying high-risk patients. Patients exhibiting these risk factors should be monitored more closely for favorable clinical outcomes.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective nonexperimental study.
Does Early Exposure Change Pediatric Residents' Perceptions of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatric Care?
Authors: Stefanski Kristen J. , Foster Jessica , Brown Miraides , Langkamp Diane 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To explore the impact of a new “Intro to DBP” rotation on pediatric residents' interest in developmental-behavioral pediatrics (DBP) and comfort in providing DBP care.

Methods:
All first-year pediatric residents participated in a new 1-week DBP rotation. Experiences included clinic visits; interdisciplinary evaluations; asynchronous online learning; and lectures, journal clubs, and/or case conferences. Participants completed pre- and postrotation surveys. Surveys focused on awareness of the DBP field; career plans; and perceived importance of, comfort with, and interest in learning about DBP care. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics and Bhapkar's test to compare distribution differences on pre- and postrotation Likert scales; we reviewed open-ended questions to identify themes.

Results:
Thirty-two residents participated; 56% had no previous exposure to DBP. After the rotation, there was a statistically significant increase in resident-reported importance of DBP care (p < 0.0001), comfort in providing DBP care (p < 0.0001), and interest in pursuing a DBP fellowship (p = 0.0048). Themes identified from open-ended responses suggested that the rotation led to a broader understanding of the DBP field, reinforcement and expansion of knowledge pertinent to all pediatric care, and improved understanding of systems of care.

Conclusion:
Brief, early exposure to DBP during pediatric residency training led to increased awareness of and comfort in providing DBP care. Residents described a broader understanding of the depth and breadth of DBP and its applicability to all aspects of pediatric care. Early introduction to DBP during residency training may stimulate greater interest in the field and greater comfort among general pediatricians to provide DBP care.
Prevalence of hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension after solid organ transplantation: a 5-year follow-up of the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study
Authors: Schwotzer Nora , Lu Yimin , Halfon Matthieu , Pascual Manuel , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Golshayan Dela , Wuerzner Gregoire ,   the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study
Published: October 2024

Objective:
Hypertension (HTN) increases cardiovascular risk and is a frequent finding across all solid organ transplant recipients. We describe the prevalence of HTN and uncontrolled HTN, as well as details on pharmacologic treatment of HTN across solid organs transplant recipients up to five years after transplantation.

Methods:
This retrospective study is nested in the prospective Swiss Transplant Cohort Study (www.stcs.ch) that includes kidney, heart, lung, and liver transplantation. Data extraction from 2008 to 2019 was used for this study and follow-up data at 6, 12 and 60 months was analyzed.

Results:
A total of 3865 transplant recipients were included for analysis. The prevalence of HTN at 6 and 60 months was 88.9% and 90.4% in kidney (P = 0.21), 61.8% and 76.1% in liver (P < 0.01), 72.6% and 84.9% in lung (P < 0.01), and 89.3% and 85.8% in heart (P = 0.33) transplant recipients, respectively. The prevalence of uncontrolled HTN at 6 and 60 months was 40.3% and 38.9% in kidney (P = 0.48), 21.2% and 30.5% in liver (P = 0.05), 26.0% and 36.8% in lung (P = 0.03) and 38.9% and 18.5% in heart (P < 0.01) transplant recipients, respectively. At 12 months, compared to heart transplant recipients, kidney [odds ratio (OR) = 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–2.1], liver (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.6) and lung (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.6–4.0) transplant recipients had a higher likelihood of presenting with uncontrolled HTN.

Conclusion:
HTN prevalence after solid organ transplantation is high. Uncontrolled and untreated HTN remain a major issue post transplantation, particularly in organ recipients not necessarily suffering from cardiovascular diseases such as liver or lung transplant recipients.
Discordance between preclinical and clinical testing of NaV1.7-selective inhibitors for pain
Authors: Yang Jane , Xie Yu-Feng , Smith Russell , Ratté Stéphanie , Prescott Steven A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7 plays an important role in pain processing according to genetic data. Those data made NaV1.7 a popular drug target, especially since its relatively selective expression in nociceptors promised pain relief without the adverse effects associated with broader sodium channel blockade. Despite encouraging preclinical data in rodents, NaV1.7-selective inhibitors have not yet proven effective in clinical trials. Discrepancies between preclinical and clinical results should raise alarms. We reviewed preclinical and clinical reports on the analgesic efficacy of NaV1.7-selective inhibitors and found critical differences in several factors. Putting aside species differences, most preclinical studies tested young male rodents with limited genetic variability, inconsistent with the clinical population. Inflammatory pain was the most common preclinical chronic pain model whereas nearly all clinical trials focused on neuropathic pain despite some evidence suggesting NaV1.7 channels are not essential for neuropathic pain. Preclinical studies almost exclusively measured evoked pain whereas most clinical trials assessed average pain intensity without distinguishing between evoked and spontaneous pain. Nearly all preclinical studies gave a single dose of drug unlike the repeat dosing used clinically, thus precluding preclinical data from demonstrating whether tolerance or other slow processes occur. In summary, preclinical testing of NaV1.7-selective inhibitors aligned poorly with clinical testing. Beyond issues that have already garnered widespread attention in the pain literature, our results highlight the treatment regimen and choice of pain model as areas for improvement.
Results of hepatocellular carcinoma downstaging through hepatic transarterial chemoembolization in liver transplantation
Authors: de Morais Beatriz G. , Horbe Alex F. , Coral Gabriela Perdomo , Jotz Raquel de F. , Fontana Priscila C. , Mattos Angelo A. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction and aim:
Liver transplantation plays an important role in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, diagnosis often occurs when the tumor size exceeds Milan criteria. In this context, locoregional treatments are frequently indicated. The aim of this study is to evaluate cirrhotic patients with HCC undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for downstaging.

Methods:
This retrospective study assessed medical records of patients aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with HCC, who underwent TACE with the aim of downstaging. In the survival analysis, the Kaplan–Meier method was used. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
One hundred and twenty-three patients were evaluated, of which 44.7% underwent liver transplantation after downstaging. Mortality in these patients was 32.7% and the probability of survival at 1, 2, and 5 years after liver transplantation was, respectively, 80%, 70.8%, and 57%. When comparing with the unsuccessful group, there was a significant difference regarding number of nodules, size of the largest nodule, and response by Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor. The characteristics of the group undergoing TACE for downstaging and the group undergoing TACE as a bridge to transplantation were also compared, and patients were selected through the propensity score. A more significant number of nodules was observed in patients who underwent downstaging (P = 0.014) and they exceeded Milan criteria in the explanted liver more frequently (P = 0.007). Survival in the downstaging group and in the bridge group was not different (P = 0.342).

Conclusion:
Liver transplantation in patients with HCC after successful downstaging proved to be effective, as patients had adequate survival.
The NEW Soul Study: Implementation and Evaluation Impact From the Secular Trend of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bernhart John A. , Turner-McGrievy Gabrielle M. , Davey Marty , Okpara Nkechi , Harrell E. Grace , Bailey Shiba , Wilcox Sara 
Published: October 2024

Context:
In process evaluation research, secular trends refer to external factors unrelated to an intervention that impact implementation. The COVID-19 pandemic was a secular trend that affected the implementation of the Nutritious Eating with Soul (NEW Soul) study.

Objective:
This paper describes steps taken in modifying intervention delivery due to the secular trend of the pandemic. This paper also addresses process evaluation measures of dose delivered, dose received, and satisfaction.

Design:
This study is a longitudinal study.

Setting:
The study took place in Columbia, SC, from 2018 to 2021.

Participants:
African American adults between 18 and 65 years old.

Intervention:
The NEW Soul study, a dietary lifestyle intervention, lasted 24 months.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Process evaluation variables of dose delivered, dose received, and satisfaction.

Results:
The study team shifted intervention delivery and maintained the timeline of classes for participants and intervention activities. Dose delivered was higher in-person (7.0 out of 8) compared to online (6.4 out of 8; t = −3.92, P = .002). Attendance was higher in-person compared to online (t = 2.80, P = .006). Overall, satisfaction of the intervention was favorable in-person and online. Helpfulness of nutrition information in the class was rated lower online compared to in-person (t = 2.05, P = .04).

Conclusions:
Even though the study team successfully shifted intervention delivery online, dose delivered was higher in-person. Evaluations of classes remained high across cohorts and for in-person and online classes. Future lifestyle interventions working with African American adults requires consistent flexibility in intervention delivery.
Revealing the hidden sequence distribution of epitope-specific TCR repertoires and its influence on machine learning model performance
Authors: Gielis Sofie , Chernigovskaya Maria , Pavlovic Milena , Van Deuren Vincent , Vandoren Romi , Valkiers Sebastiaan , Laukens Kris , Greiff Victor , Meysman Pieter 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNumerous efforts have been made to decipher the epitope-T cell receptor (TCR) recognition code. Both simple machine learning techniques and deep learning strategies have been used to train models to predict the binding of epitopes by TCR sequences. A good training data set rests at the basis of every accurate prediction model, yet little attention has been given to the composition of these data sets. In this paper, we studied the natural distribution of TCR sequences within epitope-specific TCR repertoires, i.e. a set of TCRs binding the same epitope, and its impact on the predictability of TCR-epitope interactions. We found that the observed diversity of these repertoires can result from a smaller set of core binding motifs constrained by TCR generation. Moreover, a clear relationship was found between the sequence distribution of the training data and performance metrics, emphasizing the importance of the used ground-truth data when using machine learning models in this domain. Taken together, these findings inform data set composition to help push epitope-TCR prediction models to the next level.
PolSpec: polarisation-based detection for spectral classification of optical signals
Authors: Liu H. , Kumar S. , Garcia E. , French P.M.W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpectrally resolved imaging is typically realised using bandpass filters, which are inefficient when they reject “out-of-band” photons or using angularly dispersive devices with at least one image dimension requiring scanning to acquire a full hyperspectral dataset and therefore sequential data acquisition, unless cascades of dichroic beamsplitters are employed, for which cost and experimental complexity scale with the number of spectral channels. Here we present a new approach, “PolSpec”, to realise rapid and flexible widefield hyperspectral imaging with lower cost and complexity using polarisation optics instead of dielectric coatings or dispersive devices.PolSpecutilises Lyot filters that provide continuously varying transmission across the desired spectral range to generate orthogonal “spectral modulation vectors” that can represent specific spectral signatures with significantly lower data volumes than full spectral profiles. We demonstrate single-shot widefield hyperspectral imaging using a polarisation-resolving camera and rapid, electronically reconfigurable, more photon efficient, hyperspectral imaging using a liquid crystal variable retarder.