bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Employee dispositions to job and organization as antecedents and consequences of information systems use
Authors: Bala Hillol , Bhagwatwar Akshay 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOrganizations implement information systems to improve employee productivity and engender favourable organizational outcomes. Although there is evidence of positive outcomes of system use, research has suggested that system use may lead to negative consequences for employees and organizations. There has been limited research that focuses on how employees' use of information systems in the workplace is associated with their positive and negative dispositions to job and organization. We develop and test a model that posits that dispositions to job (ie, job satisfaction, job security, job anxiety, and emotional exhaustion), and organization (ie, organizational commitment and organizational trust) will play a dual role of antecedents and consequences of system use. We conducted 2 longitudinal studies in the context of 2 different systems—a functional system and an enterprise system—and found support for our hypotheses (N = 257 and 181, respectively). We found that preimplementation job and organizational dispositions significantly predicted both lean and rich measures of system use. Further, we found that rich measures of system use (ie, cognitive absorption use and deep structure use) had differential impacts on postimplementation employee dispositions—functional system use had a positive impact and enterprise system use had a negative impact. Overall, our findings offer a comprehensive understanding of system use, and its antecedents and consequences for employees in organizations.
The NLPR3 inflammasome and obesity‐related kidney disease
Authors: Ke Ben , Shen Wen , Fang Xiangdong , Wu Qinghua 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOver the past decade, the prevalence of obesity has increased, accompanied by a parallel increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mounting evidence suggests that high body mass index (BMI) and obesity are important risk factors for CKD, but little is known about the mechanisms of obesity‐related kidney disease (ORKD). The NLRP3 inflammasome is a polyprotein complex that plays a crucial role in the inflammatory process, and numerous recent studies suggest that the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in ORKD development and may serve as a key modulator of ORKD. Moreover, inhibiting activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been shown to attenuate ORKD. In this review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the link between the NLRP3 inflammasome and ORKD and discuss targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome as a novel therapeutic approach for ORKD.
SHARE REPURCHASES AND THE FLEXIBILITY HYPOTHESIS
Authors: Iyer Subramanian Rama , Rao Ramesh P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUsing the financial crisis as a natural experiment, we test whether repurchases are more flexible than dividends. We document that the proportion of repurchasing firms that reduced repurchase payouts is greater than the proportion of dividend payers that reduced their dividends during the financial crisis period. We find that the market performance of repurchase‐reducing firms is better than that of dividend‐reducing firms over the financial crisis period. Finally, we find that the operating performance of share repurchasers is better than dividend payers during the financial crisis and postcrisis periods. Overall, we conclude that share repurchases are more flexible than dividends.
Efficacy of a concomitant elemental diet to reduce the loss of response to adalimumab in patients with intractable Crohn's disease
Authors: Sugita Naoko , Watanabe Kenji , Kamata Noriko , Yukawa Tomomi , Otani Koji , Hosomi Shuhei , Nagami Yasuaki , Tanaka Fumio , Taira Koichi , Yamagami Hirokazu , Tanigawa Tetsuya , Shiba Masatsugu , Watanabe Toshio , Tominaga Kazunari , Kabata Daijiro , Shintani Ayumi , Arakawa Tetsuo , Fujiwara Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground and AimSecondary loss of response to adalimumab (ADA‐LOR) commonly occurs in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) treated with adalimumab (ADA). We evaluated the efficacy of concomitant elemental diet (ED) therapy to reduce ADA‐LOR in adult CD patients.MethodsPatients were divided into either an ED (≥900 kcal/day) or a non‐ED group (<900 kcal/day). Cumulative non‐ADA‐LOR rates were compared between groups. The effects of ED intake to reduce ADA‐LOR were also assessed in antitumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α)‐naïve and infliximab (IFX)‐intolerant or refractory CD patients. Serum ADA and TNF‐α levels were measured.ResultsWe enrolled 117 CD patients into the ED (n = 25) or non‐ED (n = 92) groups. Although the cumulative non‐ADA‐LOR rate was higher in the ED group than in the non‐ED group, ED intake was not an independent reducing factor for ADA‐LOR (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.725; 95% confidence interval: 0.448–1.180; P = 0.196) in all patients. ED intake was significantly more effective in reducing ADA‐LOR in IFX‐intolerant or refractory patients than in anti‐TNF‐α‐naïve patients in a dose‐related manner (P for interaction <0.20). Serum ADA levels did not differ between the groups. Serum TNF‐α levels were significantly lower in the ED group than in the non‐ED group at week 28 (P = 0.044) and week 52 (P = 0.043).ConclusionsConcomitant ED therapy reduced ADA‐LOR in IFX‐intolerant or refractory patients in a dose‐related manner. Reductions in the TNF‐α levels by concomitant ED intake may contribute to reduce ADA‐LOR in CD patients.
Single particle raster image analysis of diffusion for particle mixtures
Authors: LONGFILS M. , RÖDING M. , ALTSKÄR A. , SCHUSTER E. , LORÉN N. , SÄRKKÄ A. , RUDEMO M. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryRecently we complemented the raster image correlation spectroscopy (RICS) method of analysing raster images via estimation of the image correlation function with the method single particle raster image analysis (SPRIA). In SPRIA, individual particles are identified and the diffusion coefficient of each particle is estimated by a maximum likelihood method. In this paper, we extend the SPRIA method to analyse mixtures of particles with a finite set of diffusion coefficients in a homogeneous medium. In examples with simulated and experimental data with two and three different diffusion coefficients, we show that SPRIA gives accurate estimates of the diffusion coefficients and their proportions. A simple technique for finding the number of different diffusion coefficients is also suggested. Further, we study the use of RICS for mixtures with two different diffusion coefficents and investigate, by plotting level curves of the correlation function, how large the quotient between diffusion coefficients needs to be in order to allow discrimination between models with one and two diffusion coefficients. We also describe a minor correction (compared to published papers) of the RICS autocorrelation function.
Predictive value of serum markers for postacne scarring
Authors: El‐Taweel Abdel Aziz , Salem Rehab Mohammed , El‐Shimi Ola S 
Published: August 2017

SummaryBackgroundPostacne scarring is the main concern of many acne patients. Predicting the liability to scarring can alter the management protocols and help in preventing such disfigurement.MethodsSixty patients with moderate to severe acne vulgaris (according to Global Acne Grading system) were included, only 35 of them had postacne scars. A quantitative latex agglutination commercial kit was used to assess serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentration by turbidimetry, while serum hepcidin concentration was assessed by a commercially available double‐antibody sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.ResultsPatients with postacne scarring had significantly lower serum levels of hepcidin (P‐value < .001) and significantly higher serum levels of CRP (P‐value < .05).ConclusionSerum levels of hepcidin and CRP are promising markers, which may be considered as objective tools to predict the possibility of postacne scarring.
Desmosterol accumulation in users of amiodarone
Authors: Simonen P. , Lehtonen J. , Lampi A. ‐M. , Piironen V. , Stenman U. ‐H. , Kupari M. , Gylling H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundAmiodarone is an effective and widely used antiarrhythmic drug with many possible adverse effects including hypercholesterolaemia and hepatotoxicity.ObjectiveOur aim was to evaluate how long‐term amiodarone treatment affects cholesterol metabolism.MethodsThe study population consisted of 56 cardiac patients, of whom 20 were on amiodarone (amiodarone + group) and 36 did not use the drug (amiodarone − group). We also studied a control group of 124 individuals selected randomly from the population. Cholesterol metabolism was evaluated by analysis of serum noncholesterol sterols by gas–liquid chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.ResultsComparisons of serum lipids and noncholesterol sterols across the three groups showed increased serum triglyceride in users of amiodarone but no statistically significant group differences in total, LDL or HDL cholesterol or serum proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 concentrations. Nor did the groups differ in the ratios of cholestanol or plant sterols to cholesterol in serum, suggesting that cholesterol absorption was unaltered. However, all users of amiodarone had very markedly elevated serum desmosterol concentrations: the desmosterol‐to‐cholesterol ratio (102 × μmol mmol−1) averaged 1030.7 ± 115.7 (mean ± SE) in the amiodarone + group versus 82.7 ± 3.4 and 75.9 ± 1.4 in the amiodarone − and the population control groups (P < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionUse of amiodarone was associated with on average 12‐fold serum desmosterol concentrations compared with the control groups. This observation is fully novel and suggests that amiodarone interferes with the conversion of desmosterol to cholesterol in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. Whether accumulation of desmosterol plays a role in amiodarone‐induced hepatotoxicity deserves to be studied in the future.
Maxillary implant‐supported overdentures opposed by (partial) natural dentitions: a 5‐year prospective case series study
Authors: Boven G. C. , Slot J. W. A. , Raghoebar G. M. , Vissink A. , Meijer H. J. A. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThe aim of this study was to assess the 5‐year treatment outcome of maxillary implant‐retained overdentures opposed by natural antagonistic teeth. Fifty consecutive patients received maxillary overdentures supported by six dental implants. Implants were placed in the anterior region, if enough bone was present (n = 25 patients) Implant were placed in the posterior region if implant placement in the anterior region was not possible (n = 25 patients). Variables assessed included survival of implants, condition of hard and soft peri‐implant tissues and patients' satisfaction. The five‐year implant survival rate was 97·0% and 99·3%, and mean radiographic bone loss was 0·23 and 0·69 mm in the anterior and posterior group, respectively. Median scores for plaque, calculus, gingiva, bleeding and mean scores for pocket probing depth were low and stayed low. Patients' satisfaction after treatment was high in both groups. Within the limits of this 5‐year study, it is concluded that six dental implants (placed in the anterior or posterior region) connected with a bar and opposed to natural antagonistic teeth result in acceptable results for clinical parameters and good outcomes for marginal bone level changes and patient satisfaction.
Rapid detection of “Candidatus Phytoplasma mali” by recombinase polymerase amplification assays
Authors: Valasevich Natallia , Schneider Bernd 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIsothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assays for the specific detection of “Candidatus Phytoplasma mali (Ca. P. mali),” the causal agent of apple proliferation, were developed. The assays amplify a fragment of the imp gene and amplimers were detected either by fluorescence in real‐time mode (TwistAmp®exo assay) using a fluorophore‐labelled probe or by direct visualization employing a lateral flow device (TwistAmp®nfo assay/Milenia®HybriDetect). The RPA assays specifically amplified DNA from “Ca. P. mali” strains, and cross‐reactivity with other phytoplasmas or plant DNA was not observed. The limit of detection was determined with a cloned imp standard, and positive results were obtained down to 10 copies with both RPA assay formats. In comparison with a TaqMan real‐time PCR assay based on the same target gene, the RPA assays were equally sensitive, but results were obtained faster. Simplified nucleic acid extraction procedures from plant tissue with Tris‐ and CTAB‐based buffers revealed that crude Tris–DNA extracts were a suitable source for RPA tests while larger concentrations of CTAB were inhibitory. This is the first report of RPA‐based assays for the detection of “Ca. P. mali”. The assays are suitable for high‐throughput screening of plant material and point‐of‐care diagnostic and can be potentially combined with a simplified DNA extraction procedure.
Frequent wildfires erode tree persistence and alter stand structure and initial composition of a fire‐tolerant sub‐alpine forest
Authors: Fairman Thomas A. , Bennett Lauren T. , Tupper Shauna , Nitschke Craig R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractQuestionFrequent severe wildfires have the potential to alter the structure and composition of forests in temperate biomes. While temperate forests dominated by resprouting trees are thought to be largely invulnerable to more frequent wildfires, empirical data to support this assumption are lacking. Does frequent fire erode tree persistence by increasing mortality and reducing regeneration, and what are the broader impacts on forest structure and understorey composition?LocationSub‐alpine open Eucalyptus pauciflora forests, Australian Alps, Victoria, Australia.MethodsWe examined tree persistence and understorey composition of E. pauciflora open forests that were unburned, burned once, twice or three times by high‐severity wildfires between 2003 and 2013. At each of 20 sites (five per fire frequency class) we assessed extent of top‐kill and mortality of eucalypt clumps, spatial configuration of surviving and dead clumps, densities of new and lignotuberous eucalypt seedlings, and shrub and grass cover.ResultsAt least 2 yr after the last wildfire, proportions of top‐killed E. pauciflora stems were significantly higher, and densities of live basal resprouts significantly lower, at sites burned two or three times compared to once burned or unburned sites. Clump death increased to 50% of individuals at sites burned by three short‐interval wildfires, which led to changes in live tree patchiness, as indicated by nearest‐neighbour indices. Increased tree mortality was not offset by seedling recruitment, which was significantly lower at the twice‐ and thrice‐burned sites relative to single‐burn sites – although seedling recruitment was also influenced by topography and coarse woody debris. In addition to changes in the tree layer, the prominence of understorey shrubs was substantially reduced, and the frequency of grasses markedly increased, after two, and particularly three wildfires.ConclusionsOur study provides strong empirical evidence of ecologically significant change in E. pauciflora forests after short‐interval severe wildfires, namely, erosion of the persistence niche of resprouting trees, and a shift in understorey dominance from shrubs to grasses. Our findings highlight the need to consider the impacts of compounded perturbation on forests under changing climates, including testing assumptions of long‐term persistence of resprouter‐dominated communities.
Landscape genomics of Colorado potato beetle provides evidence of polygenic adaptation to insecticides
Authors: Crossley Michael S. , Chen Yolanda H. , Groves Russell L. , Schoville Sean D. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe ability of insect pests to rapidly and repeatedly adapt to insecticides has long challenged entomologists and evolutionary biologists. Since Crow's seminal paper on insecticide resistance in 1957, new data and insights continue to emerge that are relevant to the old questions about how insecticide resistance evolves: such as whether it is predominantly mono‐ or polygenic, and evolving from standing vs. de novo genetic variation. Many studies support the monogenic hypothesis, and current management recommendations assume single‐ or two‐locus models. But inferences could be improved by integrating data from a broader sample of pest populations and genomes. Here, we generate evidence relevant to these questions by applying a landscape genomics framework to the study of insecticide resistance in a major agricultural pest, Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say). Genome–environment association tests using genomic variation from 16 populations spanning gradients of landscape variables associated with insecticide exposure over time revealed 42 strong candidate insecticide resistance genes, with potentially overlapping roles in multiple resistance mechanisms. Measurements of resistance to a widely used insecticide, imidacloprid, among 47L. decemlineatapopulations revealed heterogeneity at a small (2 km) scale and no spatial signature of origin or spread throughout the landscape. Analysis of nucleotide diversity suggested candidate resistance loci have undergone varying degrees of selective sweeps, often maintaining similar levels of nucleotide diversity to neutral loci. This study suggests that many genes are involved in insecticide resistance inL. decemlineataand that resistance likely evolves from both de novo and standing genetic variation.
Scriabin's Prelude Op. 67 No. 1: Pitch Orthography, Musical Climax and Form
Authors: WU YI‐CHENG DANIEL 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTIn tonal music, the way in which pitches are spelled reflects their meaning in various contextual and textural settings such as harmony, melody and voice leading. At the turn of the twentieth century, many composers attempted to progress beyond the confines of traditional tonality; and their works, as generally perceived by most analysts nowadays, treated the twelve chromatic pitches as twelve enharmonically equivalent pitch classes. No matter what musical context is encountered, we perceive F♯ and G♭ syntactically and structurally as the same pitch class, paying little attention to the composer's choice of notation. The present article brings the significance of pitch notation into sharper focus by investigating its crucial role in the structure and form of Scriabin's Prelude Op. 67 No. 1 (1912–13). I will demonstrate how Scriabin utilises orthography to create a concealed musical climax that reinforces the narrative design of the form, helping the analyst to regard notation as a core element when examining the pitch structure in music after 1900.
Irrigated‐tip catheters for radiofrequency ablation of right‐sided accessory pathways in adolescents
Authors: Telishevska Marta , Faelchle Johannes , Buiatti Alessandra , Busch Sonia , Reents Tilko , Bourier Felix , Semmler Verena , Kaess Bernhard , Horndasch Michaela , Kornmayer Marielouise , Kottmaier Marc , Deisenhofer Isabel , Hessling Gabriele 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation of right‐sided accessory pathways (APs) has lower success and higher recurrence rates compared to left‐sided substrates. Irrigated‐tip catheter (ITC) ablation might offer an advantage in this setting but data about its use in patients below 18 years are scarce. The aim of this study was to compare an ITC approach to conventional catheter ablation.MethodsA retrospective analysis of all patients <18 years undergoing radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for right‐sided APs from 2004 to 2014 at our institution was performed. Patients either underwent an ITC approach in combination with 3‐D mapping (Group 1; n = 53) or a conventional non‐ITC approach (Group 2; n = 52). Study endpoints were acute procedural success, safety, and recurrence rate. A total of 105 mostly adolescent patients (56.2% male; median age 14 years) with 107 right‐sided APs were included.ResultsThe prevailing anatomic AP locations were right posteroseptal (44.9%), right anterior/anterolateral (24.3%), and right lateral (13.1%). Acute success (94.3% vs 94.2%) did not differ between the groups. One major complication (pericardial effusion) occurred in the non‐ITC group. Overall, freedom from AP recurrence was 94% at 4 years in the ITC group, and 81% at 4 years in the non‐ITC group (P = 0.04).ConclusionsThe use of ITCs in combination with 3‐D mapping system for ablation of right‐sided APs in adolescents has a high acute success rate, is safe, and associated with a significantly reduced recurrence rate compared to a non‐ITC/conventional approach. It might be considered as alternative approach in this age group.
Perceptions of U.S. dermatology residency program directors regarding the adequacy of phototherapy training during residency
Authors: Goyal Kavita , Nguyen Michael O. , Reynolds Rachel V. , Mostaghimi Arash , Joyce Cara , Cohen Jeffrey M. , Buzney Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryBackground/PurposePhototherapy utilization has declined over the last 20 years despite its efficacy and cost‐effectiveness. Adequacy of phototherapy training in residency may be a contributing factor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate perceptions of U.S. dermatology residency program directors (PDs) regarding the effectiveness of their programs' phototherapy training and what constitutes adequate phototherapy education.MethodsA questionnaire was sent to PDs to assess phototherapy training within their program; aspects such as dedicated time, exposure to different modalities, and barriers to resident education were surveyed. We assessed the statistical association between these aspects and the perception by PDs that a program's training was adequate. Statistical testing was reported using Fisher's exact tests.ResultsA total of 42 PDs responded. Residency training in oral psoralen and ultraviolet A therapy (PUVA), home phototherapy, and excimer laser, respectively, is not provided in 19.0%, 31.0%, and 47.6% of programs. 38.1% of programs provide ≤5 hours of phototherapy training over 3 years of training. 59.5% of PDs cited lack of curriculum time as the most common barrier to phototherapy education. 19.0% of PDs reported completely adequate phototherapy training, which was significantly associated with inclusion of faculty‐led didactics, assigned reading, or hands‐on clinical training in the curriculum.ConclusionsThere is a mismatch between the resources devoted to phototherapy education and the need for dedicated training reported by PDs. Limited time is allocated to phototherapy training during dermatology residency, and a large majority of PDs do not feel that the phototherapy training offered is completely adequate.