bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of endometrial cancer and atypical hyperplasia in infertile women undergoing hysteroscopic polypectomy
Authors: Kuribayashi Yasushi , Nakagawa Koji , Sugiyama Rie , Motoyama Hiroshi , Sugiyama Rikikazu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimWe aimed to determine the frequency of endometrial cancer in infertile women undergoing hysteroscopic endometrial polypectomy for endometrial polyps.MethodsA total of 1035 infertile patients who underwent office‐based hysteroscopic polypectomy at Sugiyama Clinic Marunouchi between July 2011 and October 2015 were eligible for this retrospective study. All patients had been diagnosed with endometrial polyps via hysterofiberscopy prior to operation, and they underwent hysteroscopic endometrial polypectomy using a resectoscope with monopolar resection. Surgical specimens were examined histopathologically. Characteristics of patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer on histopathological examination were evaluated retrospectively.ResultsThe median age of patients was 32 years (range, 19–44 years). On histopathological examination, endometrial cancer was found in 10 patients (0.97%). Each histological type of endometrial cancer was represented as follows: three cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma G1; one of endometrioid adenocarcinoma G2; two of endometrioid adenocarcinoma G3; and four of atypical endometrial hyperplasia. The median age of endometrial cancer patients was 34 years (range, 28–41 years), and the median body mass index was 21.2 kg/m2 (range, 16.7–29.9 kg/m2). Nine endometrial cancer patients were nulliparous, and all had undergone infertility treatment, with only one woman having delivered a healthy baby. An ovulation disorder was noted in four patients, with obesity (body mass index > 25 kg/m2) in just two. Polycystic ovary syndrome was concomitantly observed in one patient. However, abnormal vaginal bleeding was not noted in any of these patients.ConclusionHysteroscopic polypectomy should be performed when endometrial polyps are detected on investigational screening, and surgical specimens should be checked for the presence of malignancy.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation application in post‐partum hemorrhage patients: Is post‐partum hemorrhage contraindicated?
Authors: Huang Kuan‐Ying , Li Yi‐Ping , Lin Shin‐Yu , Shih Jin‐Chung , Chen Yih‐Sharng , Lee Chien‐Nan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is commonly used in patients who experience circulatory arrest or significant cardiac dysfunction and is associated with improved clinical outcomes. We conducted a retrospective observational study on ECMO application at a single tertiary center over a five‐year period. Five patients who suffered post‐partum hemorrhage resulting from uterine atony were treated with ECMO. The mean age was 36.8 ± 3.9 years; the mean gestational age was 37.8 ± 2.2 weeks; the initial mean maternal hemoglobin level was 5.0 ± 2.4 mg/dL; and the mean estimated blood loss was 3260 ± 1545 mL before treatment. All patients were treated with venoarterial ECMO and one was treated with both venoarterial and venovenous ECMO. The mean ECMO usage duration was 32.6 ± 18.8 h (range 10–54). Four (80%) patients survived until discharge without experiencing neurological sequela. ECMO should not be a contraindication for treatment of post‐partum hemorrhage and such patients should be weaned as soon as possible to ensure the early recovery of cardiac function.
Long non‐coding RNA LINC00261 inhibits cell growth and migration in endometriosis
Authors: Sha Lixiao , Huang Lingxiao , Luo Xishao , Bao Jiaping , Gao Lijun , Pan Qionghui , Guo Min , Zheng Feiyun , Wang Hanchu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimA previous study reported that LINC00261 is significantly downregulated in human ectopic endometrial tissues. The present study aimed to explore whether LINC00261 is functional in endometriosis cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration.MethodsBy transfecting human endometriosis cell line CRL‐7566 with plasmids containing LINC00261, we successfully established the cell CRL‐7566/LINC00261 with a high LINC00261 expression level. Cell‐counting kit‐8 and colony formation assays were conducted to evaluate the effect of LINC00261 on cell proliferation, and flow cytometry analysis and transwell migration assay were conducted to evaluate its effect on cell apoptosis and cell migration, respectively.ResultsCell‐counting kit‐8 and colony formation assays both indicated that LINC00261 could inhibit cell proliferation in CRL‐7566. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed that LINC00261 mediated inhibition of cell proliferation, which might be a consequence of inducting apoptosis. Furthermore, transwell migration assay indicated that LINC00261 could inhibit cell migration in endometriosis.ConclusionLncRNA LINC00261 is capable of inhibiting cell growth and migration in endometriosis.
Synergistic antimicrobial properties of active molecular chitosan with EDTA‐divalent metal ion compounds
Authors: Kim Joo Won , Park Jae Kweon 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to elucidate the synergistic antimicrobial activity of chitosan hydrolysates derived from hydrolysis of high molecular weight chitosan (HMWC) with various kinds of divalent metal ions‐EDTA compounds against Penicillium italicum. Amongst hydrolysates, active molecular chitosan (AMC) ranging of molecular weight approximately from 0.8 to 3.0 kDa has been newly researched and demonstrated that it has great antimicrobial activity. Copper, manganese, magnesium, cobalt and zinc ions were used to manufacture chelates with EDTA using a microwave apparatus. Inhibitory effect of AMC or chelates on growth of P. italicum was investigated for up to 72 hr. As the results, AMC showed the highest growth inhibitory activity in the presence of Zn‐EDTA compound compared to the other ion chelates. According to these results, we demonstrated that although Zn‐EDTA‐chelating ligand alone does seem to have a little antimicrobial activity against P. italicum, however, it has synergistic effect against the fungal species when it combined with AMC. Taken together, we suggest that AMC‐EDTA‐Zinc combination (AEM‐Zn) can be a great candidate as natural pesticide for defending postharvest decay of citrus fruits by the fungi.
Health‐equity issues related to childhood obesity: a scoping review
Authors: Vargas Clemencia M. , Stines Elsie M. , Granado Herta S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this scoping review was to determine the health‐equity issues that relate to childhood obesity.MethodsHealth‐equity issues related to childhood obesity were identified by analyzing food environment, natural and built environment, and social environment. The authors searched Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science, using the keywords “children” and “obesity.” Specific terms for each environment were added: “food desert,” “advertising,” “insecurity,” “price,” “processing,” “trade,” and “school” for food environment; “urban design,” “land use,” “transportation mode,” “public facilities,” and “market access” for natural and built environment; and “financial capacity/poverty,” “living conditions,” “transport access,” “remoteness,” “social support,” “social cohesion,” “working practices,” “eating habits,” “time,” and “social norms” for social environment. Inclusion criteria were studies or reports with populations under age 12, conducted in the United States, and published in English in 2005 or later.ResultsThe final search yielded 39 references (16 for food environment, 11 for built environment, and 12 for social environment). Most food‐environment elements were associated with obesity, except food insecurity and food deserts. A natural and built environment that hinders access to physical activity resources and access to healthy foods increased the risk of childhood obesity. Similarly, a negative social environment was associated with childhood obesity. More research is needed on the effects of food production, living conditions, time for shopping, and exercise, as related to childhood obesity.ConclusionsMost elements of food, natural and built, and social‐environments were associated with weight in children under age 12, except food insecurity and food deserts.
Melatonin protects against the pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by transverse aortic constriction through activating PGC‐1β: In vivo and in vitro studies
Authors: Zhai Mengen , Liu Zhenhua , Zhang Bin , Jing Lin , Li Buying , Li Kaifeng , Chen Xiuju , Zhang Meng , Yu Bo , Ren Kai , Yang Yang , Yi Wei , Yang Jian , Liu Jincheng , Yi Dinghua , Liang Hongliang , Jin Zhenxiao , Reiter Russel J. , Duan Weixun , Yu Shiqiang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMelatonin, a circadian molecule secreted by the pineal gland, confers a protective role against cardiac hypertrophy induced by hyperthyroidism, chronic hypoxia, and isoproterenol. However, its role against pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying mechanisms remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the pharmacological effects of melatonin on pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Male C57BL/6 mice underwent TAC or sham surgery at day 0 and were then treated with melatonin (20 mg/kg/day, via drinking water) for 4 or 8 weeks. The 8‐week survival rate following TAC surgery was significantly increased by melatonin. Melatonin treatment for 8 weeks markedly ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy. Compared with the TAC group, melatonin treatment for both 4 and 8 weeks reduced pulmonary congestion, upregulated the expression level of α‐myosin heavy chain, downregulated the expression level of β‐myosin heavy chain and atrial natriuretic peptide, and attenuated the degree of cardiac fibrosis. In addition, melatonin treatment slowed the deterioration of cardiac contractile function caused by pressure overload. These effects of melatonin were accompanied by a significant upregulation in the expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma co‐activator‐1 beta (PGC‐1β) and the inhibition of oxidative stress. In vitro studies showed that melatonin also protects against angiotensin II‐induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and oxidative stress, which were largely abolished by knocking down the expression of PGC‐1β using small interfering RNA. In summary, our results demonstrate that melatonin protects against pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload through activating PGC‐1β.
The influence of species, density, and diversity of macroalgal aggregations on microphytobenthic settlement
Authors: Umanzor Schery , Ladah Lydia , Zertuche‐González José A. 
Published: July 2017

Intertidal macroalgae can modulate their biophysical environment by ameliorating physical conditions and creating habitats. Exploring how seaweed aggregations made up of different species at different densities modify the local environment may help explain how associated organisms respond to the attenuation of extreme physical conditions. Using Silvetia compressa, Chondracanthus canaliculatus, and Pyropia perforata, we constructed monocultures representing the leathery, corticated and foliose functional forms as well as a mixed tri‐culture assemblage including the former three, at four densities. Treatment quadrats were installed in the intertidal where we measured irradiance, temperature, particle retention, and water motion underneath the canopies. Additionally, we examined the abundance and richness of the understory microphytobenthos with settlement slides. We found that the density and species composition of the assemblages modulated the amelioration of extreme physical conditions, with macroalgal aggregations of greater structural complexity due to their form and density showing greater physical factor attenuation. However, increasing the number of species within a patch did not directly result in increased complexity and therefore, did not necessarily cause greater amelioration of the environment. Microphytobenthic composition was also affected by species composition and density, with higher abundances under S. compressa and C. canaliculatus canopies at high and mid densities. These results support the idea that the environmental modifications driven by these macroalgae have a significant effect on the dynamics of the intertidal environment by promoting distinct temporal and spatial patchiness in the microphytobenthos, with potentially significant effects on the overall productivity of these ecosystems.
Correlation of Xiphopubic Distance, Body Weight, Height and Body Mass Index with Intravesical and Abdominal Initial Resting Pressures in Urodynamic Testing in the Sitting Position
Authors: VALDEVENITO Juan P. , GARCÍA‐MORA Arturo , RODRIGUEZ Jorge , GAMMIE Andrew 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo compare the initial resting intravesical pressure (pves) and abdominal pressure (pabd) in the sitting position with the typical range of values, to assess the correlation between such pressures and patient xipho‐pubic distance, body weight, height and body mass index (BMI), and to estimate if xipho‐pubic distance can be a guide to interpret initial resting pressures in urodynamic testing.MethodsWomen with lower urinary tract symptomatology referred for urodynamic testing were consecutively enrolled in a prospective study. Conventional cystometry was done following “good urodynamic practices”. The correlation between initial resting pves and pabd and xipho‐pubic distance, body weight, height and BMI were studied using simple and multiple linear regression analysis. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.ResultsOne hundred women aged (mean ± SD) 59.2 ± 13.3 were studied. There was a significant correlation between both pves and pabd, and xipho‐pubic distance, body weight and BMI and no correlation with height. Over the multiple analysis, xipho‐pubic distance and body weight correlated independently with pves; body weight correlated independently with pabd. Three patients had pves and/or pabd out of typical range, with BMIs values of 18.48, 18.72 and 35.81 kg/m2. There was a wide range of difference between xipho‐pubic distance and initial resting pressures.ConclusionsOut of range initial resting pressures occur in underweight (or close to) or severely obese patients. Xipho‐pubic distance and body weight correlated independently with pves. Body weight correlated independently with pabd. Xipho‐pubic distance cannot be a guide to interpret the initial resting pressures.
An autopsied case of corticobasal degeneration presenting with frontotemporal dementia followed by myoclonus
Authors: Iwasaki Yasushi , Mori Keiko , Ito Masumi , Mimuro Maya , Yoshida Mari 
Published: July 2017

A Japanese woman developed frontotemporal dementia (FTD)‐like symptoms of abnormal behavior, such as stereotyped behavior and disinhibition. The patient developed these symptoms at the age of 59 years, although aphasia symptoms were not apparent at early disease stages. Progressive parkinsonism was dominant on the left side, and conspicuous myoclonus was recognized in the late disease stage. MRI indicated severe, right side‐dominant frontotemporal lobe atrophy with white matter degeneration. Brainstem and cerebellar atrophy were also observed. The patient underwent gastrostomy 7 years after the onset of her symptoms and died at the age of 70 years. Neuropathological examination showed diffuse neuron loss with gliosis and tissue rarefaction in the frontotemporal lobe, particularly in the right anterior portion of the frontal lobe. Spongiform changes and ballooned neurons were also observed in the frontotemporal cortex, particularly in the superficial layer and deeper layers, respectively. Gallyas‐Braak silver staining and anti‐phosphorylated tau immunostaining indicated numerous argyrophilic and tau‐positive structures, including pretangles, astrocytic plaques, coiled bodies and neuropil threads. We speculate that the myoclonus observed in the present case was at least partly caused by or related to the spongiform change and ballooned neurons in the cerebral cortex. The clinical phenotypes of corticobasal degeneration (CBD) vary considerably, and the clinical presentation of the present patient was compatible with frontal behavioral‐spatial syndrome in the early disease stage. However, in the later disease stages, her symptoms were reflective of corticobasal syndrome. Because it is not rare for the clinical phenotype to change along with disease progression in cases of CBD, we should consider CBD in cases presenting with FTD at symptom onset.
Human brown adipose tissue as a target for obesity management; beyond cold‐induced thermogenesis
Authors: Loh R.K.C. , Kingwell B.A. , Carey A.L. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryElevating energy expenditure via adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a potential strategy to reverse obesity. Much early enthusiasm for this approach, based on rodent studies, was tempered by the belief that BAT was relatively inconsequential in healthy adult humans. Interest was reinvigorated a decade ago when a series of studies re‐identified BAT, primarily in upper thoracic regions, in adults. Despite the ensuing explosion of pre‐clinical investigations and identification of an extensive list of potential target molecules for BAT recruitment, our understanding of human BAT physiology remains limited, particularly regarding interventions which might hold therapeutic promise. Cold‐induced BAT thermogenesis (CIT) has been well studied, although is not readily translatable as an anti‐obesity approach, whereas little is known regarding the role of BAT in human diet‐induced thermogenesis (DIT). Furthermore, human studies dedicated to translating known pharmacological mechanisms of adipose browning from animal models are sparse. Several lines of recent evidence suggest that molecular regulation and physiology of human BAT differ to that of laboratory rodents, which form the majority of our knowledge base. This review will summarize knowledge on CIT and expand upon the current understanding and evidence gaps related to human adaptive thermogenesis via mechanisms other than cold.
Influence of neighbourhood safety on childhood obesity: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of longitudinal studies
Authors: An R. , Yang Y. , Hoschke A. , Xue H. , Wang Y. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryUnsafe residential neighbourhoods are thought to be a risk factor for childhood obesity by discouraging physical activity while encouraging sedentary behaviours, but findings from cross‐sectional studies are susceptible to selection bias (e.g. children who are obese disproportionately reside in unsafe neighbourhoods). A literature search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar for articles published until January 2017 that used baseline neighbourhood safety levels to predict future weight‐related behaviours and body‐weight status among children aged 17 years and younger. Twenty‐two prospective cohort studies conducted in seven countries were identified. The median sample size was 1,104, and the median follow‐up was 3.5 years. Sixteen studies used parent‐reported and/or child‐reported neighbourhood safety measures, and six adopted some objective measures (e.g. county crime rate and interviewers' block observations). The meta‐analysis found that living in unsafe neighbourhoods was associated with a reduction in children's physical activity by 0.13 h week−1. Living in unsafe neighbourhoods predicted a trivial (but statistically significant) gain in body mass index but no change in childhood overweight/obesity risk. Current research indicates a limited influence of neighbourhood safety on childhood obesity; this finding could be partially due to measurement problems. Future longitudinal studies should adopt validated neighbourhood safety measures.
Interventions for postoperative pain in children: An overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Boric Krste , Dosenovic Svjetlana , Jelicic Kadic Antonia , Batinic Marijan , Cavar Marija , Urlic Marjan , Markovina Nikolina , Puljak Livia 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe aim of this study was to conduct an overview of systematic reviews that summarizes the results about efficacy and safety from randomized controlled trials involving the various strategies used for postoperative pain management in children. We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, Database of Reviews of Effect, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO from the earliest date to January 24, 2016. This overview included 45 systematic reviews that evaluated interventions for postoperative pain in children. Out of 45 systematic reviews that investigated various interventions for postoperative pain in children, 19 systematic reviews (42%) presented conclusive evidence of efficacy. Positive conclusive evidence was reported in 18 systematic reviews (40%) for the efficacy of diclofenac, ketamine, caudal analgesia, dexmedetomidine, music therapy, corticosteroid, epidural analgesia, paracetamol, and/or nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and transversus abdominis plane block. Only one systematic review reported conclusive evidence of equal efficacy that involved a comparison of dexmedetomidine vs morphine and fentanyl. Safety of interventions was reported as conclusive in 14 systematic reviews (31%), with positive conclusive evidence for dexmedetomidine, corticosteroid, epidural analgesia, transversus abdominis plane block, and clonidine. Seven systematic reviews reported equal conclusive safety for epidural infusion, diclofenac intravenous vs ketamine added to opioid analgesia, bupivacaine, ketamine, paracetamol, and dexmedetomidine vs intravenous infusions of various opioid analgesics, oral suspension and suppository of diclofenac, only opioid, normal saline, no treatment, placebo, and midazolam. Negative conclusive statement for safety was reported in one systematic review for caudal analgesia vs noncaudal regional analgesia. More than half of systematic reviews included in this overview were rated as having medium methodological quality. Of 45 included systematic reviews, 10 were Cochrane reviews and they had higher methodological quality than non‐Cochrane reviews. As evidence concerning efficacy and safety is inconclusive for most of the analyzed interventions, our review points out the need for more rigorous trials concerning pain management in children.