bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Italian admission experience survey: A factor analytic study on a sample of 156 acutely hospitalized psychiatric patients
Authors: Trobia F. , Mandarelli G. , Tarsitani L. , De Pisa E. , Pompili M. , Girardi P. , Biondi M. , Ferracuti S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe admission experience survey (AES) is a reliable tool for measuring perceived coercion in mental hospital admission. We developed the Italian AES through translation back-translation and administered it to acutely hospitalized psychiatric patients.Objectives/AimsTo verify psychometric characteristics of the Italian AES. To Examine the AES factor structure.Methodsn = 156 acutely hospitalized patients (48% women, 69% voluntary) were recruited in two university hospitals in Rome (Umberto I Policlinic, Sant’Andrea Hospital) and were administered the Italian AES. We conducted a principal component analysis (PCA) with equamax rotation.ResultsSocio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the sample are reported in Table 1. The Italian AES had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90); Guttmann split-half reliability coefficient was 0.90. AES total score significantly differed between voluntary and involuntary patients (5.08 ± 4.1 vs. 8.1 ± 4.9, P < 0.05). PCA disclosed a three-factor solution explaining 59.3 of the variance. Significant correlations emerged between AES total score and clinical variables (Table 2). Pearson's correlation coefficient disclosed a significant correlation between perceived coercion and psychiatric symptoms severity (BPRS total score).ConclusionsThe Italian version of AES and proposed new factor structure proved reliable.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dissociative symptoms are associated with neurocognitive dysfunction in patients with MDD
Authors: Berdzenishvili E. , Tcheishvili G. , Sinitsa M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIt is widely reported that persons with major depressive disorder (MDD) show impaired performance on cognitive functioning, including frontotemporally mediated cognitive functions. The presence of cognitive dysfunction among patients with dissociative symptoms in trauma-related disorders may contribute to poorer treatment outcomes. Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently report dissociative symptoms. Here we investigate association of dissociative symptoms and neurocognitive dysfunction in patients with depression. We predicted that higher levels of dissociative symptoms among persons with MDD would be associated with lower scores on objective measures of frontotemporally mediated neurocognitive functions.MethodsPatients who met DSM-V diagnostic criteria for a primary diagnosis of recurrent MDD were recruited. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) was administered to assess the severity of depressive symptoms. To assess dissociative symptoms participants completed the Multiscale Dissociation Inventory (MDI). Two groups of patients were selected and matched. One group consisted of 13 patients having MDD and dissociative symptoms and second group consisted of 12 patients having MDD only. To measure frontotemporally mediated cognitive functioning following tests were administered: Color Trails Test; Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT). To examine group differences on clinical and neuropsychological scores, two-tailed independent samples t-tests was performed.ResultsGroup comparisons of performance on neuropsychological tests showed that participants with depression and dissociative symptoms performed worse on Color Trails Test Part 2 completion time, a measure of mental flexibility and processing speed. MDI depersonalization scores were correlated with measures of processing speed, mental flexibility and sustained attention. Specifically, Color Trails Test Part 2 scores were negatively correlated with depersonalization symptoms, where lower scores indicate slower completion time. Depersonalization symptoms on the MDI were also related to the CPT Hit Reaction Time Interstimulus Interval Change (a measure of vigilance), such that higher levels of depersonalization were related to better performance in a less active environment.ConclusionsOur results suggest that dissociation is related to specific subtle impairments in neurocognitive functioning. Dissociative symptoms should ideally be assessed before treatment, as they may influence MDD treatment response. The findings point towards the need to further examine the impact of dissociation on functioning in patients with depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Birth order and psychiatric morbidity
Authors: Hussain J. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:– to determine the frequency of sociodemographic factors (birth order)among subjects attending a psychiatric clinic;– to establish psychiatric diagnosis of subjects;– to bring out dominating frequencies of birth orders of the patient in relation with related diagnosis.MethodologyThis cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient clinic of Liquate university hospital Hyderabad during 1st January 2012 to 31st January 2012. One hundred consecutive subjects attending a psychiatric OPD with psychiatric symptoms, were assessed for the total siblings, birth order among siblings and their psychiatric diagnosis. The socio-demographic data was recorded through a designed semi-structured proforma, and diagnosis was established by diagnostic and statistical manual-IV text revised criteria (DSM-IV TR).ResultsThe age range remained 9-60 years and numbers of siblings were in the range of 1–12 siblings and fourth birth order was found to be dominant in this study to have psychiatric morbidity (38%). While, frequency of first order birth was 18%. Generalized anxiety disorder and depressive (GAD) disorders were dominant diagnosis (55%), while GAD was more in the male gender.ConclusionThis study shows that psychiatric morbidity was more common in the lower birth order. This study may be carried out at different centers of psychiatry for the better assessment of psychiatric morbidity.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Benefits of EMDR therapy on the memory in the treatment of PTSD
Authors: Sassi Andrade Vieira S. , Di Giorgio M. , Cohen E. , Caurand M. , Manchon A. , Quaderi A. , Palazzolo J. 
Published: June 2017

According to some studies, 80% of subjects suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) present twice the risk of developing an insanity as they age because of the high level of stress that has been induced. Indeed, the triggered trauma has a deleterious effect on the establishment of the stress’ axis (the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis) which is then not able to regulate itself. As a consequence, the hippocampal neurons will be attacked by an excess of cortisol. Memory's dysfunction is central in the symptomatology of PTSD, particularly in respect to encoding and recall. The hippocampus is able to transfer information to the prefrontal cortex. Actually, subjects with PTSD present less activity in the prefrontal cortex triggered by a decrease of encoding and recall capacities. EMDR therapy (eye movement desensitization and recruitment) allow for a fast relief of symptoms by a bilateral alternate stimulation (SBA). Indeed, saccadic eye movements stem affect related to the traumatic event and process the associated cognitions. During the desensitization phase in EMDR, we noticed an increase in activity of the brain's prefrontal, ventromedial, amygdala and thalamic regions. Indeed, the recall of traumatic memories goes through implicit emotional valence regions and associative areas for which the experience is already deeply integrated. After comparing cerebral activity before and after the therapy, researches on EMDR shows that a reduction of stress’ symptoms has some sensitive link to PTSD (in prevention to dementia).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The effect of Qing Huan Ling on the hypoglutamatergic schizophrenia model in mice
Authors: Zhang Y. , Liu F. , Dai Z. , Wu Q. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Qing Huan Ling and (or) risperidone on activity and preferences behavior of the hypoglutamatergic schizophrenia model in mice.MethodsSeventy kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, one group as placebo group. The rest groups intraperitoneal injection MK-801 continuously 14 day, then randomly numbered: model group, Qing Huan Ling group, risperidone groupand Qing Huan Ling combined risperidone group. Intragastric administration give corresponding drugs for each group one month, at the same time observe high activities and changes in the preferences of five groups.ResultsCompared with the blank group, activity of the rest model groups induced by MK-801 was increased (P < 0.05). After intragastric administration one month, model groups of high activity was decreased, especially risperidone combined Qing Huan Ling group. There was no statistical meaning in inquiry activity of five groups (P > 0.05). Compared with model group, latent period of step-through test was prolonged 35.5 s (P < 0.05), of step-down test was prolonged 11.4 s in risperidone combined Qing Huan Ling group.ConclusionThe combination of Qing Huan Ling and risperidone can suppress the high activity; also can protect harmed memory of the preference behavior in the hypoglutamatergic schizophrenia model in mice.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Personal experiences of recovery facilitated by participation in an individual placement and support intervention
Authors: Gammelgaard I. , Stenager E. , Eplov L.F. , Petersen K.S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIndividual placement and support (IPS) is an evidence-based intervention where IPS consultants support people with severe mental illness in achieving competitive employment. IPS is a recovery-oriented intervention, but vast evidence regarding its ability to influence recovery-oriented outcomes challenges this position.AimTo investigate how an IPS-intervention influences the personal recovery process in people with severe mental illness.MethodA qualitative phenomenological study including interview of 12 participants in an IPS-intervention. Analysis was made using a four-step phenomenological analysis method.ResultsIPS contributed to personal recovery in a number of ways: The IPS consultants’ ability to create an equal, acknowledging and safe relationship where participants’ needs were taking into consideration in the search and support for job or education was found valuable. In combination with employment, the role of the IPS consultant contributed to normalization and stabilisation of participants’ daily lives, changed their behaviours and beliefs about maintaining new achievements, personal goals and dreams.ConclusionIndividual placement and support provides opportunities to gain personal goals and contributes to stabilisation and normalization of participants’ daily lives. This study supports the notion that the individual placement and support positively influences personal recovery in people with severe mental illness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Effectiveness study of “occupational connections” – A short-term, in-patient intervention for promotion functioning and participation in daily life of people with mental health conditions
Authors: Lipskaya-Velikovsky L. , Krupa T. , Kotler M. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesMental health conditions (MHC) have been associated with restrictions in daily life participation and functioning affecting health and well-being. Substantial numbers of people with MHC experience hospitalizations, however, there is limited evidence supporting functional interventions in the in-patient setting to promote recovery. The OC is an intervention implemented during sub-acute hospitalization, which attempts to promote activity and participation of people with MHC, both during the in-patient stay and upon return to the community, with a view to enabling recovery. To facilitate its implementation, we investigate the OC effectiveness.AimsInvestigate the OC contribution to cognition, symptoms and functional capacity among inpatients with schizophrenia.MethodsThis is a quasi-experimental, prospective, pre/post-designed study with convenience sampling. Inpatients with schizophrenia were enrolled into the study group participating in the OC intervention (n = 16); or the control group participating in hospital treatment as usual (n = 17). The study participants completed evaluations at baseline and at discharge or after 10 weeks with: Neurocognitive State Examination, Trail Making Test, Ray Complex Figure, and Category Fluency Test for aspects of cognition; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for symptoms severity, and Observed Tasks of Daily Living-Revised for functional capacity.ResultsStatistically significant improvement in cognitive functioning, symptoms severity and functional capacity was found in the study group after the intervention. These changes were not observed in the control group.ConclusionThe results support the OC effectiveness for cognitive and functional capacity improvement and symptomology relief. The findings advance the body of evidence for functional interventions in hospital settings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Awareness of and satisfaction with available treatment options in schizophrenia: Results from a survey of patients and caregivers in Europe
Authors: Cherubin P. , Maria C. , Hargarter L. , Wooller A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionUnderstanding beliefs and concerns of patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers, regarding treatment options, is key to improving their care. Perceived fears can impact adherence to therapy and represent a barrier to prescribers when discussing treatment decisions.ObjectivesExplore patient and caregiver awareness of and satisfaction with available treatment options.MethodsIndependent market research agency commissioned by Janssen, performed an online European survey in 2016 to capture demographics, awareness of available therapies, current treatment satisfaction and adherence from patients with schizophrenia and caregivers.ResultsResults from 166 patients with schizophrenia and 468 caregivers from 12 European countries (France, Germany, UK, Italy, Spain, Denmark, Russia, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, and the Netherlands). One-fifth of patients reported they have not discussed alternative treatment options with their healthcare professional (HCP) despite 37% of patients being dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with their current therapy. HCPs were considered as the primary information source for the majority of patients (73%), although 27% of patients and 25% of caregivers believed that HCPs were not fully aware of all available treatment options. Moreover, 68% of patients treated with oral antipsychotics confirmed they would consider switching to a long-acting antipsychotic treatment, though 32% reported they have not been made aware of it as an option. Many caregivers (46%) reported dissatisfaction with their level of involvement in treatment decisions.ConclusionsThis survey underlines the critical role HCPs play in providing relevant information on treatment alternatives and emphasize the need for an open dialogue on available treatment options between HCPs, patients and caregivers.Disclosure of interestPierre Cherubin is a full-time Janssen employee working within the Medical Affairs Department.The other authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Effectiveness of health checks to improve the physical health of people with severe mental illness in secondary care: A single blind cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: White J. , Lucas J. , Swift L. , Barton G. , Harriet G. , Irvine L. , Abotsie G. , Jones M. , Gray R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAnnual monitoring of physical health of people with severe mental illness (SMI) in primary or secondary care is recommended in England.ObjectiveThe SMI Health Improvement Profile (HIP) was developed to target physical well-being in SMI through the role of the mental health nurse.AimThe primary aim was to investigate if health checks performed by community mental health nurses (CMHNs) trained to use the HIP improved the physical well-being of patients with SMI at 12 months.MethodsA single blind, parallel group randomised controlled trial of training to use the HIP (clustered at the level of the nurse). Physical well-being was measured in study patients using the physical component score of the SF36v2 at baseline and at 12 months.ResultsSixty CMHNs (working with 173 patients) were assigned to the HIP programme (training to use the HIP) or treatment as usual. The HIP was completed with 38 (42%) patients at baseline and 22 (24%) at follow-up in the HIP programme group. No effect of the HIP programme on physical health-related quality of life of study patients was identified, a finding supported by per protocol analyses.ConclusionsThis study found no evidence that CMHN delivered health checks following training to use the HIP are effective at improving the physical well-being of SMI patients at one year. More attention to methods that aim to enable the delivery, receipt and enactment of evidence-based interventions to improve physical health outcomes in this population is urgently required.ISRCTN: 41137900.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Impulsivity and pathological gambling: An Italian study
Authors: Mucci F. , Marazziti D. , Baroni S. , Piccinni A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPathological gambling (PG) is a behavioral addictive disorder characterized by persistent and problematic gambling behaviors, in presence of impairment of self-regulation and impulsivity. Impulsivity is widely supported by literature in developing and maintaining addictive behaviors and PG.Aim(s)The aim of this study is to compare PG to impulsivity in a group of Italian outpatients, in order to further explore their appealing relation and to sensitize local public institutions about this problem that is of growing concern amongst our population.MethodsFifty outpatients were recruited at the psychiatric outpatient ward of the University of Pisa. All of them had a diagnosis of PG, assessed throughout the structured clinical interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5). The sample was compared with a similar group of healthy control subjects. South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) scale and Barrat Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) questionnaires were used to assess respectively the severity of PG and impulsivity traits of personality.ResultsPG patients reported significantly higher total score in BIS-11 than control subjects. In particular, the “motor impulsivity” and “cognitive complexity” scores were significantly higher in PG patients, as well as “motor” and “non-planning” impulsivity subscale scores. A positive and significant correlation was found between BIS-11 and SOGS total scores.ConclusionsThese results corroborate the existence of the widely described association between impulsivity and PG. Also they support the notion that impulsivity may represent a core element of PG and, perhaps, to a typical personality trait, that may be particularly related to the development of addictive and impulsive behaviors.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Substance use and quality of life in young adult psychiatric patients
Authors: Silva Ribeiro J. , Morais S. , Oliveira P. , Mendes O. , Botelho A. , Vale L. , Bessa A. , Renca P. , Santos V. , Madeira N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIt is known that several factors can influence the quality of life such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, the presence of mental illness or substance abuse.Objectives/aimsAssess quality of life of outpatients observed in Young Adult Unit of our Psychiatry Department (Coimbra Hospital and University Centre – Portugal) and its relation with substance use.MethodsSocio-demographic characterization of youth psychiatric outpatients observed during between 1st January 2015 and 31st July 2016. Portuguese versions of The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and The World Health Organization Quality of Life scale (WHOQOL-BREF) were administered. A Spearman correlation coefficient between ASSIST and WHOQOL-BREF scores was calculated.ResultsA total of 255 outpatients were observed: 64.3% females and 35.7% males; ages between 17 and 39 years old. ASSIST and WHOQOL-BREF were administered in 57 patients. Average ASSIST total score was 16.81 (median: 13.50), with tobacco and alcohol scoring higher. Average WHOQOL-BREF total was 13.74 (median: 13.67), with physical and psychological domains scoring less. We found a significant negative correlation between WHOQOL-BREF physical domain and ASSIST tobacco scores; and between WHOQOL-BREF social domain and ASSIST sedatives score.ConclusionsQuality of life is influenced by several factors. Studies showed that consumers of psychoactive substances have lower WHOQOL-BREF scores than nonusers. In our sample, we did not find a significant correlation between global quality of life and different substances. This may be due to existence of low consumption of substances in the sample as well as the existence of other factors that might have influenced quality of life.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy in young adults with major depression and alcohol dependence
Authors: Vasile D. , Vasiliu O. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundAdolescents and young adults are a vulnerable population to both alcohol use disorders and depressive major disorder. Use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) could help in diminishing depressive symptoms severity as well as alcohol dependence severity.ObjectiveTo evaluate CBT efficacy in young adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder and alcohol dependence.MethodsA number of 12 patients, age 23–35, 7 male and 5 female, outpatients, diagnosed with alcohol dependence and major depressive disorder, moderate or mild episodes, according to ICD-10 criteria, were included in a 3 months CBT oriented program. All subjects were evaluated using a Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) for self-evaluation of alcohol problems severity (score ranging from 0 – absent to 10 – extremely severe), AUDIT scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) – 17 items, and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Patients participated in 30 minutes individual CBT sessions, twice per week, for 12 weeks. Cognitive restructuring based on patients’ diary, coping skills training, and activation techniques have been applied in the CBT sessions.ResultsAfter 12 weeks all patients reported decreases on VAS and AUDIT scores, with mean percentages of 55 and 50, while GAF increased with 45%. HDRS scores decreased with 65%. These changes were considered significant when compared to initial values (P = 0.007 for VAS, P = 0.009 for AUDIT, P = 0.012 for GAF and P < 0.001 for HDRS), according to dependent samples t-test P < 0.05, bivariate.ConclusionCognitive-behavioral therapy, focused on cognitive restructuring, coping skills training, and activating techniques is an efficacious intervention in young patients with comorbid depressive and alcohol dependence.Disclosure of interestThe presenting author was speaker for Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, CSC Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, Lundbeck, Organon, Pfizer, Servier, Sanofi Aventis and participated in clinical research funded by Janssen-Cilag, Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, Sanofi Aventis, Schering Plough, Organon, Bioline Rx, Forenap, Wyeth, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Dainippon Sumitomo, Servier.The other author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.