bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in misuse and abuse of prescription opioids following implementation of Extended‐Release and Long‐Acting Opioid Analgesic Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy
Authors: Bucher Bartelson Becki , Le Lait M. Claire , Green Jody L. , Cepeda M. Soledad , Coplan Paul M. , Maziere Jean‐Yves , Wedin Gregory P. , Dart Richard C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeAn unintended consequence of extended‐release (ER) and long‐acting (LA) prescription opioids is that these formulations can be more attractive to abusers than immediate‐release (IR) formulations. The US Food and Drug Administration recognized these risks and approved the ER/LA Opioid Analgesic Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (ER/LA REMS), which has a goal of reducing opioid misuse and abuse and their associated consequences. The primary objective of this analysis is to determine whether ER/LA REMS implementation was associated with decreased reports of misuse and abuse.MethodsData from the Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction‐Related Surveillance (RADARS(R)) System Poison Center Program were utilized. Poison center cases are assigned a reason for exposure, a medical outcome, and a level of health care received. Rates adjusted for population and drug utilization were analyzed over time.ResultsRADARS System Poison Center Program data indicate a notable decrease in ER/LA opioid rates of intentional abuse and misuse as well as major medical outcomes or hospitalizations following implementation of the ER/LA REMS.ConclusionsWhile similar decreases were observed for the IR prescription opioid group, the decreasing rate for the ER/LA opioids exceeded the decreasing rates for the IR prescription opioids and was distinctly different than that for the prescription stimulants, indicating that the ER/LA REMS program may have had an additional effect on decreases in opioid abuse and intentional misuse beyond secular trends.
Pregnancy and infant outcomes including major congenital malformations among women with chronic inflammatory arthritis or psoriasis, with and without etanercept use
Authors: Carman Wendy J. , Accortt Neil A. , Anthony Mary S. , Iles Janet , Enger Cheryl 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeObjectives were to quantify prevalence estimates of pregnancy and infant outcomes including major congenital malformations (MCMs) by etanercept (ETN) exposure among infants born to women with chronic inflammatory arthritis (cIA) or psoriasis (PsO).MethodsClaims‐based data delineated pregnancy exposures and outcomes of live or nonlive births among women with cIA and PsO (ETN exposed, unexposed) and general population (GP) comparators. Infant outcomes were determined for live‐born infants covered by the mother's insurer. Medical records were obtained from all accessible mother‐infant pairs with claims for MCMs and a random sample of mothers. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the odds ratios (ORs) of having at least one algorithm‐defined MCM in the ETN‐exposed cohorts versus unexposed comparators.ResultsPrevalence estimates for pregnancy outcomes were comparable across cIA and PsO cohorts. Algorithm‐defined prevalence estimates of having at least one MCM were 6.1% (ETN exposed), 5.5% (unexposed), and 5.7% (GP cohort) for the cIA cohort; PsO cohort estimates were 2.0%, 4.2%, and 4.7%, respectively. The ETN‐exposure ORs for having at least one algorithm‐defined MCM among infants of cIA mothers was 1.03 (95%CI: 0.51‐2.10) and 0.39 (95%CI: 0.05‐2.98) among infants of PsO mothers. Logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting that included disease state resulted in an OR of 0.65 (0.24, 1.72).ConclusionsOverall, this study did not identify any new safety concerns associated with the use of etanercept during pregnancy. Etanercept, along with the other TNFis, remains a treatment without well‐controlled clinical trials in pregnant women. Patients should continue to consult their doctor regarding benefit risk decisions of TNFi therapy during pregnancy.
New oral anticoagulant prescription rate and risk of bleeding in an Italian region
Authors: Valent Francesca 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to measure the prescription rate of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and to investigate whether there is an increased risk of bleeding associated with these medications in the 1 220 000‐inhabitant Italian region Friuli Venezia Giulia.MethodsThe administrative data of the Regional Health Information System, linkable with each other at the individual patient level through an anonymous stochastic key, were used as the source of information. Prescription rates for rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and apixaban were calculated in the regional population in 2014 and 2015, also stratified by age class and gender. A case‐crossover analysis with pair‐matched interval approach and a case‐time‐control analysis were conducted to assess the risk of hospitalization with a diagnosis of bleeding and prescription of NOACs.ResultsIn the regional population ≥18 years of age, 1626 NOACs prescriptions per 100 000 population‐years were filled in 2014 and 3370 in 2015. Prescription rate increased with age and was greater in males than in females. Overall, being a current NOACs user was not associated with the risk of hospitalization for bleeding compared to being a nonuser. A nonsignificant increase in risk was observed among patients with low prescription intensity.ConclusionsThis study showed an increasing time trend in NOACs prescriptions NOACs in Friuli Venezia Giulia. In this Italian population, NOACs users had no significantly increased risk of bleeding events as compared with nonusers.
Temperature effects on spreading of water nano‐droplet on poly(methyl methacrylate): A molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Foroutan Masumeh , Zahedi Hojat , Esmaeilian Farshad 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTIn this article, the effect of temperature on the spreading behavior of a water nano‐droplet on poly(methyl methacrylate) substrate is investigated. The contact angle analysis illustrates that the spreading process occurs in a stage‐like manner and the increase in temperature causes a regime change from partial to total wetting. The interaction energy distributions show that there exist sites on the surface which could trap water molecules and provide a better path for other molecules to overcome the asperities. Estimations of the coefficients of self‐diffusivity suggest that temperature has a major effect in the reorientation stage, which results in the formation of the interfacial layer. In the second stage of spreading, temperature affects the process by providing sufficient energy for water molecules to overcome the interactions with the substrate. Therefore, this stage is controlled by the movement of water molecules on the surface and is highly influenced by their interaction with the surface asperities, strong interaction sites, and the carbonyl groups. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1532–1541
mTOR‐Notch3 signaling mediates pulmonary hypertension in hypoxia‐exposed neonatal rats independent of changes in autophagy
Authors: Ivanovska Julijana , Shah Sparsh , Wong Mathew J. , Kantores Crystal , Jain Amish , Post Martin , Yeganeh Behzad , Jankov Robert P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground/AimMammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a pivotal regulator of cell proliferation, survival, and autophagy. Autophagy is increased in adult experimental chronic pulmonary hypertension (PHT), but its contributory role to pulmonary vascular disease remains uncertain and has yet to be explored in the neonatal animal. Notch is a major pro‐proliferative pathway activated by mTOR. A direct relationship between autophagy and Notch signaling has not been previously explored. Our aim was to examine changes in mTOR‐, Notch‐, and autophagy‐related pathways and the therapeutic effects of autophagy modulators in experimental chronic neonatal PHT secondary to chronic hypoxia.MethodsRat pups were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia (13% O2) from postnatal days 1‐21, while receiving treatment with temsirolimus (mTOR inhibitor), DAPT (Notch inhibitor), or chloroquine (inhibitor of autophagic flux).ResultsExposure to hypoxia up‐regulated autophagy and Notch3 signaling markers in lung, pulmonary artery (PA), and PA‐derived smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Temsirolimus prevented chronic PHT and attenuated PA and SMC signaling secondary to hypoxia. These effects were replicated by DAPT. mTOR or Notch inhibition also down‐regulated smooth muscle content of platelet‐derived growth factor β‐receptor, a known contributor to vascular remodeling. In contrast, chloroquine had no modifying effects on markers of chronic PHT. Knockdown of Beclin‐1 in SMCs had no effect on hypoxia‐stimulated Notch3 signaling.ConclusionsmTOR‐Notch3 signaling plays a critical role in experimental chronic neonatal PHT. Inhibition of autophagy did not suppress Notch signaling and had no effect on markers of chronic PHT.
Structure and dimerization of the catalytic domain of the protein phosphatase Cdc14p, a key regulator of mitotic exit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kobayashi Junya , Matsuura Yoshiyuki 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the protein phosphatase Cdc14p orchestrates various events essential for mitotic exit. We have determined the X‐ray crystal structures at 1.85 Å resolution of the catalytic domain of Cdc14p in both the apo state, and as a complex with S160‐phosphorylated Swi6p peptide. Each asymmetric unit contains two Cdc14p chains arranged in an intimately associated homodimer, consistent with its oligomeric state in solution. The dimerization interface is located on the backside of the substrate‐binding cleft. Structure‐based mutational analyses indicate that the dimerization of Cdc14p is required for normal growth of yeast cells.
A novel optimal coordinated control strategy for the updated robot system for single port surgery
Authors: Bai Weibang , Cao Qixin , Leng Chuntao , Cao Yang , Fujie Masakatsu G. , Pan Tiewen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundResearch into robotic systems for single port surgery (SPS) has become widespread around the world in recent years. A new robot arm system for SPS was developed, but its positioning platform and other hardware components were not efficient. Special features of the developed surgical robot system make good teleoperation with safety and efficiency difficult.MethodsA robot arm is combined and used as new positioning platform, and the remote center motion is realized by a new method using active motion control. A new mapping strategy based on kinematics computation and a novel optimal coordinated control strategy based on real‐time approaching to a defined anthropopathic criterion configuration that is referred to the customary ease state of human arms and especially the configuration of boxers' habitual preparation posture are developed.ResultsThe hardware components, control architecture, control system, and mapping strategy of the robotic system has been updated. A novel optimal coordinated control strategy is proposed and tested.ConclusionsThe new robot system can be more dexterous, intelligent, convenient and safer for preoperative positioning and intraoperative adjustment. The mapping strategy can achieve good following and representation for the slave manipulator arms. And the proposed novel control strategy can enable them to complete tasks with higher maneuverability, lower possibility of self‐interference and singularity free while teleoperating.
How much professional development is needed with educative curriculum materials? It depends upon the intended student learning outcomes
Authors: Schuchardt Anita M. , Tekkumru‐Kisa Miray , Schunn Christian D. , Stein Mary Kay , Reynolds Birdy 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThere is little consensus on the kinds and amounts of teacher support needed to achieve desired student learning outcomes when mathematics is inserted into science classrooms. When supported by educative curriculum materials (ECM) and heavy investment in professional development (PD), teachers implementing a unit designed around mathematical modeling of scientific mechanisms substantially increased students’ ability to make both qualitative and quantitative predictions (Schuchardt & Schunn, 2016). Because of concerns about equitable access to support resources, we investigated whether variations in PD support while retaining ECM could differentially affect two student learning outcomes: Quantitative Predictions and Qualitative Predictions. Two contrasts were performed examining: (1) the effect of reducing PD and (2) whether eliminating PD entirely caused further harm to student learning. Reducing and eliminating PD had no significant effect on student gains in Qualitative Predictions, suggesting ECM can be sufficient for teachers to support student learning of conceptual science content. However, student gains in Quantitative Predictions decreased significantly upon reducing PD; eliminating PD did not cause significant additional decreases. Combined, these findings suggest that amount of face‐to face PD support necessary to achieve student‐learning gains can vary depending on whether the practice requires application of qualitative science content or quantitative reasoning.
Highly Fluorescent and Stable Ruthenium Unit/Layered Double Hydroxide Composite with Sensitive Detection of Cr2O72−
Authors: Li Lina , Wang Sasa , Xu Yingying , Zhao Sangen , Sun Zhihua , Ji Chengmin , Asghar Muhammad Adnan , Luo Junhua 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA highly stable and intensely fluorescent composite was assembled by incorporating ruthenium functional unit (Ru unit) into layered double hydroxide matrices. This composite inherits the photoluminescence property of Ru unit but exhibits enhanced photoluminescence with a long lifetime. Importantly, it acts as an excellent chemosensor for sensitive detection on Cr2O72−. Such detection resulted in visible photoluminecence quenching. Furthermore, the composite is remarkably stable in the detection conditions without Ru unit leaking out. Therefore, these results provide us a simple, sensitive, and effective approach to detect Cr2O72−.
Therapeutic Effect of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Experimental Corneal Failure Due to Limbal Stem Cell Niche Damage
Authors: Galindo Sara , Herreras José M. , López-Paniagua Marina , Rey Esther , de la Mata Ana , Plata-Cordero María , Calonge Margarita , Nieto-Miguel Teresa 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Limbal stem cells are responsible for the continuous renewal of the corneal epithelium. The destruction or dysfunction of these stem cells or their niche induces limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) leading to visual loss, chronic pain, and inflammation of the ocular surface. To restore the ocular surface in cases of bilateral LSCD, an extraocular source of stem cells is needed to avoid dependence on allogeneic limbal stem cells that are difficult to obtain, isolate, and culture. The aim of this work was to test the tolerance and the efficacy of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAT-MSCs) to regenerate the ocular surface in two experimental models of LSCD that closely resemble different severity grades of the human pathology. hAT-MSCs transplanted to the ocular surface of the partial and total LSCD models developed in rabbits were well tolerated, migrated to inflamed tissues, reduced inflammation, and restrained the evolution of corneal neovascularization and corneal opacity. The expression profile of the corneal epithelial cell markers CK3 and E-cadherin, and the limbal epithelial cell markers CK15 and p63 was lost in the LSCD models, but was partially recovered after hAT-MSC transplantation. For the first time, we demonstrated that hAT-MSCs improve corneal and limbal epithelial phenotypes in animal LSCD models. These results support the potential use of hAT-MSCs as a novel treatment of ocular surface failure due to LSCD. hAT-MSCs represent an available, non-immunogenic source of stem cells that may provide therapeutic benefits in addition to reduce health care expenses.
From great power politics to a strategic vacuum: Origins and consequences of the TPP and TTIP
Authors: Griffith Melissa K. , Steinberg Richard H. , Zysman John 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we place the Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) into broader geo-political and economic context given the current Trump Administration's withdrawal from the Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the loss of momentum for TTIP. Both TPP and TTIP sought to provide key tactical solutions to the particular trade/investment problems participating states faced. For the U.S. government, these free trade agreements also represented a geo-political undertaking, an attempt to once again set trade rules in light of deadlock in the WTO. Ultimately, the inability of the Obama Administration to successfully complete negotiations for and ratification of these two deals does not alter the underlying motivations that led to them in the first place. The stagnation of these deals, however, has intensified geo-economic and geo-strategic concerns: opening the door to rival articulations of trade governance and undermining U.S. credibility with its partners.
Applying systems thinking to task shifting for mental health using lay providers: a review of the evidence
Authors: Javadi D. , Feldhaus I. , Mancuso A. , Ghaffar A. 
Published: July 2017

Objective.This paper seeks to review the available evidence to determine whether a systems approach is employed in the implementation and evaluation of task shifting for mental health using lay providers in low- and middle-income countries, and to highlight system-wide effects of task-shifting strategies in order to better inform efforts to strength community mental health systems.Methods.Pubmed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Articles were screened by two independent reviewers with a third reviewer resolving discrepancies. Two stages of screens were done to ensure sensitivity. Studies were analysed using the World Health Organization's building blocks framework with the addition of a community building block, and systems thinking characteristics to determine the extent to which system-wide effects had been considered.Results.Thirty studies were included. Almost all studies displayed positive findings on mental health using task shifting. One study showed no effect. No studies explicitly employed systems thinking tools, but some demonstrated systems thinking characteristics, such as exploring various stakeholder perspectives, capturing unintended consequences, and looking across sectors for system-wide impact. Twenty-five of the 30 studies captured elements other than the most directly relevant building blocks of service delivery and health workforce.Conclusions.There is a lack of systematic approaches to exploring complexity in the evaluation of task-shifting interventions. Systems thinking tools should support evidence-informed decision making for a more complete understanding of community-based systems strengthening interventions for mental health.
Iron Age Agriculture in the Negev Highlands? Methodological and Factual Comments on Bruins and van der Plicht 2017a (Radiocarbon Vol. 59, Nr. 1)
Authors: Shahack-Gross Ruth , Finkelstein Israel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis is a reply to a rejoinder to our work in the Negev Highlands (Shahack-Gross and Finkelstein 2015) recently published by Bruins and van der Plicht in this journal (2017a). It addresses archaeological method and practice related to the way evidence for the timing of dry farming in the arid Negev Highlands, Israel, has been obtained. We highlight issues related to phytolith assemblages and livestock dung found in Negev Highlands sites as an indicator for presence/absence of cereal crops, and briefly discuss methods with which terraced agricultural plots in the region have been dated. We touch upon issues at the core of the scientific method, especially the need for proper controls and the importance of reporting full sets of data. Based on the new data presented by Bruins and van der Plicht (2017a, 2017b) we propose an alternative interpretation for their dating of a single terrace at Horvat Haluqim.
IMPROVEMENT IN GRAIN YIELD AND LOW-NITROGEN TOLERANCE IN MAIZE CULTIVARS OF THREE ERAS
Authors: BADU-APRAKU B. , FAKOREDE M. A. B. , ANNOR B. , TALABI A. O. 
Published: July 2017

SUMMARYMaize (Zea maysL.) is the most important staple crop in West and Central Africa (WCA), but its production is severely constrained by low soil nitrogen (low N). Fifty-six extra-early open-pollinated maize cultivars developed during three breeding eras, 1995–2000, 2001–2006 and 2007–2012, were evaluated under low N and high soil nitrogen (high N) at two locations in Nigeria in 2013 and 2014, to investigate the genetic gains in grain yield and identify outstanding cultivars. During the first breeding era, the emphasis of the programme was on breeding for resistance to the maize streak virus (MSV) and high yield potential, while the major breeding emphasis during the second era was on recurrent selection for improved grain yield andStrigaresistance in two extra-early-maturing source populations, TZEE-W Pop STR (white) and TZEE-Y Pop STR (yellow). Starting from the third era, the source populations were subjected to improvement for tolerance to drought, low N and resistance toStriga. A randomized incomplete block design with two replications was used for the field evaluations. Results revealed genetic gains in grain yield of 0.314 Mg ha−1(13.29%) and 0.493 Mg ha−1(16.84%) per era under low N and high N, respectively. The annual genetic gains in grain yield was 0.054 Mg ha–1(2.14%) under low N and 0.081 Mg ha–1(2.56%) under high N environments. The cultivar 2009 TZEE-OR2STR of era 3 was the most stable, with competitive yield across environments, while 2004 TZEE-W Pop STR C4from era 2, and TZEE-W STR 104, TZEE-W STR 108 and 2012 TZEE-W DT STR C5from era 3 were high yielding but less stable. These cultivars should be further tested on-farm and commercialized in WCA. Substantial progress has been made in breeding for high grain yield and low-N tolerance in the sub-region.
WHAT DETERMINE SMALLHOLDERS’ FERTILIZATION PRACTICES DURING THE MATURE PERIOD OF RUBBER PLANTATIONS IN THAILAND?
Authors: CHAMBON BÉNÉDICTE , DAO XUAN LAI , TONGKAEMKAEW URAIWAN , GAY FRÉDÉRIC 
Published: July 2017

SUMMARYFertilization of rubber plantations has been poorly documented despite the huge economic and ecological impact of this tropical perennial crop, especially in Southeast Asia. The main objective of this paper is to provide information on the fertilization practices of rubber smallholders in Thailand and to investigate the drivers of these practices. Data were sourced from individual interviews conducted with 414 rubber smallholders. The results showed that 99.4% of the mature rubber plantations were fertilized with either chemical or organic fertilizers, or both. The average dose of chemical fertilizers was 105/53/92 kg ha−1of N/P/K that is consistent with the national recommendations. We estimated that almost two-thirds of the plantations had intensive or very intensive fertilization practices. Geographical location, especially the distinction between historical and new rubber-producing areas, appeared as a major factor explaining differences in fertilization practices. Several drivers commonly found in the literature did not affect the fertilization practices of the rubber farmers, highlighting some specificity of perennial crops and a context where access to fertilizer was not an issue. The high economic and environmental costs of intensive fertilization practices, while their benefit to the yield of rubber plantations continues to be debated, show the need to conduct research on sustainable fertilization practices in rubber smallholdings.