bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Political Economy of Industrial Development in Viet Nam
Authors: Vu-Thanh Tu-Anh 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Viet Nam’s industrial development since Doi Moi has been a success, but only a partial one. This chapter provides an account of Viet Nam’s industrial growth since 1986 which focuses on the political economy of the country. It shows that the key determinant of Viet Nam’s industrial growth lies in the relationship between the party-state and the private sector. It also shows that the level of distrust and discrimination against the private sector—and therefore the level of industrial growth—depend on three things: the degree of trade-off between political ideology and economic legitimacy, the internal structure of the state, and the quality of the country’s leadership.
Changing patterns in the landscape
Authors: Furley Peter A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Relentless population growth worldwide has significantly modified savanna landscapes. ‘Changing patterns in the landscape’ considers how landscape changes differ in Latin America, Africa, and Australasia. The appearance of many savannas has been greatly affected by evolving land use. Many of the landscapes in the New World have only been occupied for relatively short lengths of time and settled only in the most favourable locations. The Old World by contrast, from Africa through India and East Asia to Australia, has experienced a long history of nomadic movement and occupation. The growth of cities in the savanna and the greatly increased pace of urbanization have placed enormous pressures on this land.
What shapes epidemics?
Authors: Whiteside Alan 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
‘What shapes epidemics’ investigates links between HIV/AIDS and certain biological, socioeconomic, and behavioural factors. The main biomedical drivers of HIV/AIDS (after contact with the virus) are the subtype of the viral strain, and the health status and genetic makeup of the exposed individual. Key behavioural factors are the age of sexual debut, sexual practices, number of partners, frequency of partner exchange, concurrency, and mixing patterns including intergenerational sex. People’s behaviour may determine their risk of infection, but behaviours result from the environment in which people live and operate, which is dependent on economics, politics, and culture. Despite the improving technical and biomedical responses, the real challenge is to reduce risk.
Funding the epidemic
Authors: Whiteside Alan 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The response to HIV and AIDS has to be funded, whether the emphasis is on prevention, treatment, or both. AIDS is unique in part because of its complex financing. It requires long-term commitments for those increasing numbers on relatively expensive lifesaving treatment. ‘Funding the epidemic’ looks at the history of funding from the mobilization of international money into low- to middle-income countries to the increased domestic funding from government budgets fed from general tax revenues. Looking forward, AIDS resource needs are projected to increase at least until 2020. The problem is that treatment for people living with HIV is long-term and these costs remain unacknowledged by governments and donors.
Big issues and major challenges
Authors: Whiteside Alan 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Unless something dramatic happens, the AIDS epidemic will be under control across the world by 2022. The number of new infections will continue to fall; there will be virtually no vertical transmission from mothers to infants; and for those infected, treatment will be increasingly effective and simple, with fewer side effects. But AIDS will not end by 2030, as hoped by the UNAIDS 2015 report. ‘Big issues and major challenges’ examines key areas for the challenge ahead: the need to focus on specific areas and populations, harnessing new technologies, and the sensible use of finance. In 2016 there is ample reason to be optimistic, but there must be continued vigilance.
Corticospinal excitability as a biomarker of myofascial pain syndrome
Authors: Thibaut Aurore , Zeng Dian , Caumo Wolnei , Liu Jianhua , Fregni Felipe 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntroduction:Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a common chronic pain disorder that lacks effective diagnostic criteria. To better understand neurophysiological changes in chronic pain, several trials exploring corticospinal excitability in different populations of patients with chronic pain have been performed.Objectives:In this systematic review, we aimed to investigate the current literature on MPS and intracortical disinhibition, by means of increased intracortical facilitation and decreased intracortical inhibition (ICI).Methods:We performed a search on PubMed to identify clinical trials on MPS and transcranial magnetic stimulation measurements. We then applied the Harford Hill criteria to the identified studies to assess the possible causal relationship between intracortical disinhibition measurements and MPS. Finally, we compared our findings on MPS with other chronic pain conditions.Results:Four studies assessing corticospinal excitability in patients with MPS were found. Although the amount of trials available is limited, all the reported studies indicated an increased intracortical disinhibition in patients with MPS. Importantly, these measurements were also correlated with psychological factors, such as pain catastrophism, or anxiety. However, based on the Harford Hill criteria, we could not assert a strong causal relationship between these markers and MPS. Although intracortical disinhibition has been consistently found in patients having MPS, this lack of cortical inhibition was not only observed in this specific chronic pain syndrome but also in fibromyalgia and neuropathic pain conditions.Conclusion:Intracortical disinhibition seems to be a marker that has been consistently observed in MPS. Future prospective cohort studies could provide new insights in the development of neoplastic and maladaptive changes occurring in chronic pain syndromes and help the development of new therapeutic options.
Risk perception in young women’s collective alcohol consumption
Authors: Dresler Emma , Anderson Margaret 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
Heavy episodic drinking in young women has caused concern among many groups including public health professionals. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the experiences of young women’s alcohol consumption so as to facilitate better health education targeting.

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative descriptive study examines the narratives of 16 young women’s experience of a “night out” framed as the Alcohol Consumption Journey.

Findings
The young women’s Alcohol Consumption Journey is a ritual perpetuated by the “experienced” and “anticipated” pleasure from social bonding and collective intoxication. The data showed three sequential phases; preloading, going out and recovery, which were repeated regularly. The young women perceived that going out was riskier than preloading or recovery and employed protective strategies to minimise risk and maximise pleasure. Alcohol was consumed collectively to enhance the experience of pleasure and facilitate enjoyment in the atmosphere of the night time economy. Implications for health interventions on collective alcohol consumption and perceived risk are presented.

Originality/value
The concept of socio-pleasure is valuable to explain the perpetuation of the young’s women ritualised Alcohol Consumption Journey. The binary concepts of mundane/celebration, individual/collective and insiders/outsiders are useful to illustrate the balancing of collective intoxication with group protective strategies in navigating the edge between risk and pleasure.
Overcoming transience and flux: routines in community-governed mass collaborations
Authors: Pike Jacqueline C. , Joyce Elisabeth W. , Butler Brian S. 
Published: April 2017

PurposeCommunity-governed mass collaborations are virtual organizations in which volunteers self-organize to produce content of value. Given the high turnover of participants and the continual development and modification of governance modules, questions arise about how mass collaborations can succeed. Based on organizational routine theory, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how different aspects of routines can support the goals of mass collaborations.Design/methodology/approachProposed hypotheses are developed and tested with data from a critical decision-making area of a successful community-governed mass collaboration – Wikipedia’s content review process.FindingsThe findings support the arguments that routines that reinforce governance serve important roles in enabling mass collaboration in the presence of transient participation and dynamic task demands in addition to creating a greater likelihood of success as outlined by the collaboration.Research limitations/implicationsOne limitation of this study is that it examines these types of routines in only one context, Wikipedia’s content review process, and Wikipedia is an unusually successful, community-governed mass collaboration. However, this can be considered a conservative test as mass collaborations in more formal contexts or in traditional organizations face fewer hurdles due to more stable social norms, routines, and participant populations.Practical implicationsGreater understanding of how community-governed mass collaborations “get the work done” in spite of participant transience and governance flux can guide developers in managing flourishing communities.Originality/valueWhile routines have been studied in traditional organizations, little work has been done with routines in community-governed mass collaborations and how they enable both stability and flexibility.
Experimental research on a reflective optical fiber bundle hydrogen gas sensor
Authors: Cui Lujun , Shang Huichao , Cao Yan-long , Zhou Gao-feng 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
Long life and high hydrogen sensitivity are the crucial performance parameters for an optical fiber hydrogen sensing membrane, and these are the fundamental areas of study for an optical fiber hydrogen sensor. Considering that a traditional optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on pure palladium cannot meet the expectations for long life and rapid sensitivity simultaneously, the experiment in this paper designed a kind of reflective optical fiber bundle hydrogen gas sensor based on a Pd0.75–Ag0.25 alloy to achieve a hydrogen sensing system. This paper aims to discuss the issues with this system.

Design/methodology/approach
A reflective optical fiber bundle hydrogen sensor was made up of an optical fiber bundle and a Pd0.75–Ag0.25 alloy hydrogen membrane. A combination of optical fiber light intensity measurements and the reference calculation method were used to extract the hydrogen concentration information from within the optical fiber, and the relationship between the hydrogen concentration changes and the reflective light intensity in the optical fiber was established.

Findings
The reflective optical fiber bundle hydrogen gas sensor based on a Pd–Ag alloy membrane was shown to provide an effective way to detect hydrogen concentrations. The experimental results showed that a 20-30-nm-thick Pd0.75–Ag0.25 alloy membrane could reach high hydrogen absorption and sensitivity. Key preparation parameters which included sputtering time and substrate temperature were used to prepare the hydrogen membrane during the DC sputtering process, and the reflectivity of the Pd–Ag alloy membrane was enough to meet the requirements of long life and high hydrogen sensitivity for the optical fiber hydrogen sensor.

Originality/value
This paper seeks to establish a foundation for optimizing and testing the performance of the Pd–Ag alloy hydrogen sensing membrane for an optical fiber bundle hydrogen sensor. To this end, the optimal thickness and key preparation parameters for the Pd–Ag alloy hydrogen sensing membrane were discussed. The results of this research have proved that the reflective optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on a Pd0.75–Ag0.25 alloy is an effective approach and precisely enough for hydrogen gas monitoring in practical engineering measurements.
Current strategies for endoscopic management of acute cholangitis
Authors: Isayama Hiroyuki , Yasuda Ichiro , Tan Damien 
Published: April 2017

Background and AimAt the pancreatobiliary session of Endoscopic Forum Japan (EFJ) 2016, current strategies for the endoscopic management of acute cholangitis were discussed. The topics consisted of two major parts, namely endoscopic management of acute cholangitis caused by common bile duct stones (CBDS) and biliary stent occlusion.MethodsEndoscopists from nine Japanese high‐volume centers along with two overseas centers participated in the questionnaires and discussion.ResultsStrategies for management of cholangitis due to CBDS were agreed upon, and the clinical guideline of acute cholangitis (Tokyo guidelines 2013) was accepted. The best timing for drainage in Grade 2 (moderate) cholangitis urgent or early (<24 h) was inconclusive, and more data is required on this issue. Another controversy was the feasibility of one step stone extraction in the patient with cholangitis vs stone removal after the cholangitis had resolved. There were various opinions with regards to the management of acute cholangitis due to stent occlusion, and the strategies differed according to the stricture location (distal or hilar) and stent type initially placed (Covered or uncovered metal stent).ConclusionStrategies for management of cholangitis caused by CBD stones are well established according to the TG13. More evidence is required before further recommendations can be made with regards to cholangitis due to stent occlusion. We aim to clarify this in the near future with questionnaires and consensus from experts.
(Incumbent) politics and burdens in the social construction of target groups: The Brazilian Bolsa Família conditional cash transfer programme
Authors: Silvestre Hugo Consciência 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis study is a contribution to the study of the social construction of target groups framework (SCTG). Applying a case study model, it is argued that politicians are promoting a policy design that itself affects politics. This conclusion is based on the Brazilian Bolsa Família conditional cash transfer programme, in which beneficiaries own the political resources (voting) to choose their representatives. Therefore, beneficiaries can influence policy designs in their favour. Also, the political gains that have been accomplished are shifting the tax burdens to other classes, which can change beneficiaries’ social construction. Altogether, two propositions from the SCTG need further discussion: the degree of burden on other social groups and (incumbent) politics.
Stress, Religious Involvement, and Cholesterol: Is It Better to Give than to Receive?
Authors: Krause Neal , Ironson Gail 
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this study is to see if social support that is exchanged in religious institutions moderates the relationship between stressful life events and cholesterol. The data come from a nationwide survey of adults of all ages (N = 816). Based on data from blood samples, cholesterol was measured by subtracting high‐density lipoprotein from total cholesterol. Questions were administered to assess how often study participants provide and receive spiritual support from fellow church members. Spiritual support is assistance that is exchanged with the explicit purpose of increasing the religious beliefs and behaviors of the recipient. Controls were established in the analyses for a number of health behaviors (e.g., exercise), other types of religious involvement (e.g., church attendance), and demographic characteristics (e.g., age, sex, education). The study variables were assessed with ordinary least squares regression procedures. The data suggest that providing spiritual support tends to reduce the magnitude of the relationship between stress and cholesterol. In contrast, similar stress‐buffering effects were not observed with the measure of receiving spiritual support at church. The findings contribute to mounting evidence on the relationship between religion and health because they are based on biological measures.
The writing of Renaissance politics: Sharing, appropriating, and asserting authorship in the letters of Francesco II Sforza, Duke of Milan (1522–1535)
Authors: Giudici Giacomo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn recent years, the scrutiny of the concept of ‘authorship’ has involved many medieval and early modern texts, literary and non‐literary. However, princely letters generated in the context of the rising central chanceries of the Renaissance have escaped such scrutiny, as if the writing of politics was considered too ‘institutional’ (and therefore too regulated) to share the dynamic textual practices highlighted in studies of manuscript culture and scribal publication. This article challenges this tacit assumption. It does so by analysing the materiality of the letters of (or ascribed to) Francesco II Sforza, Duke of Milan (1522–1535), and showing the remarkable extent to which his authorship could be shared among the members of his entourage, or even appropriated by institutions that he did not control directly. The sharing and appropriating of ducal authorship made it essential for Francesco to assert his actual, personal authorship when needed, which he did through a nuanced array of epistolary practices, centred on the micro‐management of his autography. The fact that the ‘epistolary prince’ could be constructed from below, and disconnected from the person of the prince, opens a new, participatory perspective not only on Renaissance written political culture, but also on Renaissance political culture tout‐court.
Notodiaptomus incompositus (Brian, 1925) (Copepoda, Calanoida) reared in the laboratory: growth experiments and reproductive aspects
Authors: Ortiz D. O. , Muxagata E. , Bersano J. G. F. 
Published: April 2017

The calanoid copepod Notodiaptomus incompositus (Brian, 1925) is an important contributor in limnic environments in Southern South America, where it can attain high densities and contribute significantly to the total zooplankton biomass in water bodies in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. However, little is known about the reproductive biology of this species. In the present study, biological aspects like developmental time, egg production and growth rate were assessed through cultures in the laboratory where copepods were fed Chlamydomonas cf. pumilioniformis (Chlamydophyceae) cultured in WC medium. The average time of egg incubation was 51 h at 20°C and the mean development time from nauplii to adult was 14 days. The carbon weights of N. incompositus eggs and females were 0.08 and 2.38 μg C, respectively. The growth rates of all copepodite stages were determined and ranged between 0.073 and 0.447 day−1. This study revealed interesting reproductive aspects of the copepod N. incompositus, generating information that will be of great relevance for future studies with this species.
Die Metaphysik der menschlichen Freiheit
Authors: Gardner Sebastian 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSchelling’s 1809Freiheitsschrift(Philosophical Investigations into the Essence of Human Freedom), perhaps his most widely read work, presents considerable difficulties of understanding. In this paper I offer an interpretation of the work in relation to Kant. My focus is on the relation in each case of their theory of human freedom to their general metaphysics, a relation which both regard as essential. The argument of the paper is that Schelling may be viewed as addressing and resolving a problem which arises from Kant’s use of transcendental idealism to defend the possibility of human freedom, deriving from the challenge posed by Spinozism. One major innovation in Schelling’s theory of human freedom is his claim that it presupposes the reality of evil, and I argue that this thesis also provides a key to the highly original metaphysics of theFreiheitsschrift. The relation of Schelling’s theory of freedom to his general metaphysics is therefore complex, for it goes in two directions: the metaphysics are not simply presupposed by the theory of freedom but are also in part derived from it. These new metaphysics also, I argue, allow Schelling to resolve a problem which his own earlier Spinozistic system had left unresolved.
Theoriekonstruktion und existenzielle Beschreibung in SchellingsFreiheitsschrift
Authors: Dews Peter 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDespite considerable recent attention, important features of Schelling’s famous work, the 1809 treatiseOn the Essence of Human Freedom, remain underexplored. One of these is the methodological dualism which Schelling advocates at the very start of the text. Schelling aims to weld together into a coherent position a first-person phenomenology of freedom and an explanation achieved by locating freedom within a conceptual system articulating the basic structure of the world. Most interpretations of theFreiheitsschrift, however, concentrate on only one of these approaches, thus foreshortening their understanding of Schelling’s enterprise. The article explores this tendency towards one-sidedness by considering two sophisticated recent interpretations of the work which take opposite tacks. One, by Markus Gabriel, focuses on the distinctive, self-reflexive metaphysics which Schelling proposes, while the other, by Sebastian Gardner, claims that Schelling’s ontology is extrapolated entirely from his account of our moral consciousness, a procedure pioneered by Kant. The article argues that neither of these interpretations can do full justice to Schelling’s project. Furthermore, although theFreiheitsschriftis not entirely successful and hence points towards later developments in Schelling’s thinking, its treatment of freedom is superior to the ‘soft naturalism’ pioneered by Peter Strawson, and currently influential across various philosophical traditions.
Replik auf Dews und ein Plädoyer für Schelling
Authors: Gardner Sebastian 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In his article, “Theory Construction and Existential Description in Schelling’s Treatise on Freedom”, Peter Dews argues that the dual methodology for addressing the problem of freedom, which Schelling describes in the opening paragraph of the text, has often been overlooked in the secondary literature. He therefore criticizes my interpretation of Schelling’s treatise for arguing that the ontology it proposes is entirely constructed from the practical standpoint, by analogy with Kant’s extrapolation of an ontic ground from our consciousness of the normativity of pure reason. While agreeing that Schelling does not equate morality with the practical effectivity of pure reason, as does Kant, I defend the view that Schelling is nevertheless operating from the standpoint of his own conception of practical consciousness. This interpretation is made more plausible by the fact that he had not decided between various methodological options at this point in his career. In the final part of the “Reply” I argue that contemporary philosophical treatments of the problem of freedom, which incline towards an empirical compatibilism, appear superficial when compared with the exemplary grasp of the problem shown by the German Idealists, including Schelling.
Subjektivität und Metaphysik
Authors: Henrich Dieter , Esser Andrea Marlen , Krüger Hans-Peter 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In this interview, Dieter Henrich discusses his lifetime achievements and experiences in philosophy, consciousness and subjectivity being central themes. The development and personal inspirations of Henrich’s philosophical approach are systematically centred around classical German philosophy, yet strongly informed by a dialogue with analytical philosophy and historical research on the conditions of the possibility of the emergence of classical works. Other subjects discussed in the interview include Marburg neo-Kantianism, the systematic position of metaphysics and ontology, and Henrich’s recent (2016) book on being and nothing in Beckett and Hölderlin.