bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving the Migration Frontier: A Chinese Qiaoxiang Migration Model?
Authors: Li Minghuan , Wong Diana 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe New Chinese Migration is frequently contrasted to the earlier 19thcentury mass migrations in terms of its origins (urban vs rural), migrant types (students and professionals vs coolies) and destinations (developed vs developing countries). A significant component of this new migration from thePRChowever, continues to originate from theqiaoxiang– the emigrant‐sending areas of the 19thcentury migrations. Based on an extensive review of the literature on the old and new Chinese migration, as well as several years of fieldwork in the major rural sending areas or qiaoxiang of China, we examine the continuities between the new qiaoxiang migration and the old, and propose a qiaoxiang migration model of the entrepreneurial nature of the migration enterprise to account for the sustained and global character of the mobility generated.
A novel approach to improve flexural strength of Al2O3‐20 wt% ZrO2 composites by oscillatory pressure sintering
Authors: Zhu Tianbin , Xie Zhipeng , Han Yao , Li Shuang , Li Yawei , An Di , Luo Xudong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this communication, Al2O3‐20 wt% ZrO2 composites (ZTA) were prepared by a novel oscillatory pressure sintering (OPS) process. An almost perfectly full density of 99.94% and a relatively high flexural strength of 1145 MPa can be achieved for the OPS‐fabricated specimen, which were higher than those prepared by pressureless sintering (98.24% and 682 MPa) and hot pressing (99.53% and 990 MPa). The enhancement of flexural strength of the OPS‐fabricated specimen was correlated with its smaller flaw size and higher fracture surface energy. It was suggested that OPS was an effective approach to fabricate ZTA composites with ultrahigh density and high strength.
Carbon‐content‐dependent phase composition, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of SiBCN monoliths
Authors: Li Daxin , Yang Zhihua , Jia Dechang , Duan Xiaoming , Zhou Yu , Yu Dongli , Tian Yongjun , Wang Zihuan , Liu Yinglong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThree SiBCN monoliths: carbon‐lean, ‐moderate, and ‐rich monoliths with the same Si/B/N mole ratio have been prepared by mechanical alloying followed by reactive hot pressing. The role of carbon on phase composition, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties were investigated. XRD and TEM investigations showed that the as‐sintered monoliths contain several components: Si metal, SiC, t‐BN, and BN(C), strongly correlated with the carbon content. TEM results also revealed that BN(C) enwraps SiC grain forming capsule‐like structure. Raman, NMR, and HRTEM studies suggested that the structural evolution within the BN(C) areas includes the graphitization of amorphous carbon and the lateral growth of BN(C), accompanied by an increase in the defect concentration. The defects form within BN (0002) basal planes resulting from the disordered carbon imbedded, which in turn determines the morphological evolution of BN(C). The ill‐developed microstructures for carbon‐lean monoliths and the excessive carbon in carbon‐rich ones both deteriorate their mechanical properties and densities.
Origin of dielectric loss in Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 microwave ceramics
Authors: Sayyadi‐Shahraki Ahmad , Taheri‐Nassaj Ehsan , Sharifi Hassan , Gonzales Justin , Kolodiazhnyi Taras , Newman Nathan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe microwave dielectric loss of stoichiometric and non‐stoichiometric Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics have been measured from 2 to 300 K in magnetic fields ranging from 0 to 5 T using a dielectric resonator (DR) technique. The microwave absorption from spin excitations of unpaired d‐electrons in exchange coupled Co2+ ions dominate the loss of the Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics at cryogenic temperatures. Two peaks in the loss tangent (tan δ) vs temperature relation from a distinctly different origin occur at 25‐30 K and 90 K, which increase in magnitude with increasing Co content in the bulk dielectric samples. Evidence that these peaks result from polaron conduction from hopping between Co2+ and Co3+ ions includes (i) the peak's observed temperature range; (ii) the decrease in peak intensity of approximately a factor of two in a large applied magnetic fields (5 T); and (iii) a strong correlation between the peak's magnitude and both the fraction of the minority Co3+ in the dominant Co2+ matrix and D.C. conductivity at elevated temperatures. A magnetic‐field independent high temperature peak with a maximum at 250 K dominates the room temperature microwave loss whose magnitude correlates with those of the low temperature peaks. This suggests that the defects responsible for carrier conduction play an important role in establishing the loss tangent at room temperature.
Effectiveness of an intensive intervention to improve lifestyles in people with intermediate cardiovascular risk (DATE study): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sanchez‐Aguadero Natalia , Mora‐Simon Sara , Recio‐Rodriguez Jose I , Alonso‐Dominguez Rosario , Gonzalez‐Sanchez Jesus , Martin‐Martin Cristina , Gomez‐Marcos Manuel A , Rodriguez‐Sanchez Emiliano , Garcia‐Ortiz Luis 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intensive intervention led by primary care nurses for lifestyle modification among people with intermediate cardiovascular risk.BackgroundCardiovascular diseases may be prevented by adopting healthy lifestyles. Interventions focused on populations at risk are more efficient than those aimed at the general population. More than 50 per cent of cardiovascular events occur in people with intermediate cardiovascular risk, but only a few studies have targeted this population.DesignA randomized controlled trial approved in January 2017.MethodsWe will recruit 208 participants aged 35–74 years who have intermediate cardiovascular risk. They will be selected by consecutive sampling and will be randomized into a control group or intervention group. Individual standardized brief counselling on healthy lifestyles will be provided to both groups. Additionally, individuals from the intervention group will receive four weekly group sessions focusing on cardiovascular risk, healthy diet, moderation in alcohol consumption, daily physical activity, stress management and smoking cessation and two motivational follow‐up calls. The primary outcome will be the lifestyle modification measured by total steps recorded by a pedometer, total score on the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener and percentage of current smokers.DiscussionThis study will allow us to investigate whether an intensive intervention based on a multifactorial group approach is more effective in lifestyle modification than individual standardized brief counseling among adults with intermediate cardiovascular risk. Our results could lead to the establishment of new strategies for cardiovascular risk management.
Subjective cognitive complaints, psychosocial factors and nursing work function in nurses providing direct patient care
Authors: Barbe Tammy , Kimble Laura P. , Rubenstein Cynthia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to examine relationships among subjective cognitive complaints, psychosocial factors and nursing work function in nurses providing direct patient care.BackgroundCognitive functioning is a critical component for nurses in the assurance of error prevention, identification and correction when caring for patients. Negative changes in nurses’ cognitive and psychosocial functioning can adversely affect nursing care and patient outcomes.DesignA descriptive correlational design with stratified random sampling.MethodThe sample included 96 nurses from the major geographic regions of the United States. Over 9 months in 2016–2017, data were collected using a web‐based survey. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine relationships among subjective cognitive complaints, psychosocial factors and nursing work function.ResultsOverall, participants reported minimal work function impairment and low levels of subjective cognitive complaints, depression and stress. In multivariate analyses, depression was not associated with nurses’ work function. However, perceived stress and subjective concerns about cognitive function were associated with greater impairment of work function.ConclusionNurses experiencing subjective cognitive complaints should be encouraged to address personal and environmental factors that are associated with their cognitive status. Additionally, stress reduction in nurses should be a high priority as a potential intervention to promote optimal functioning of nurses providing direct patient care. Healthcare institutions should integrate individual and institutional strategies to reduce factors contributing to workplace stress.
Factors associated with continued smoking after treatment of oral cavity cancer: An age and survival time‐matched study
Authors: Chang Su‐Ling , Lo Cheng‐Hsing , Peng Hsi‐Ling , Chen Chien‐Rong , Wu Shu‐Chen , Chen Shu‐Ching 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimsThe aims of this study of people with oral cavity cancer were to compare the social support, depression, nicotine dependence, physical function and social–emotional function of those who continued smoking with those who quit smoking, by matching age and survival time and to identify the predictors of continued smoking during the survival period.BackgroundPeople who continue to smoke after cancer treatment may have an impact on treatment response and survival.DesignA cross‐sectional survey was conducted.MethodsThis study compared 92 people with oral cavity cancer who continued smoking with 92 people who quit smoking, with matching for age and survival time between January 2015 ‐ November 2015. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to compare the two groups.ResultsThe quit smoking group had significantly more social support, less depression and greater social–emotional function than the continued smoking group. People who were unmarried, received surgery without reconstruction, had poor social support and had poor social–emotional function were more likely to continue smoking.ConclusionsPeople with oral cavity cancer were more likely to continue smoking after the treatment if they had low social support, depression, greater nicotine dependence and poor social–emotional function. Healthcare professionals should pay more attention to social support, psychological status and nicotine dependence of people who were treated for oral cavity cancer.
Factors influencing nurse‐assessed quality nursing care: A cross‐sectional study in hospitals
Authors: Liu Ying , Aungsuroch Yupin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimTo propose a hypothesized theoretical model and apply it to examine the structural relationships among work environment, patient‐to‐nurse ratio, job satisfaction, burnout, intention to leave and quality nursing care.BackgroundImproving quality nursing care is a first consideration in nursing management globally. A better understanding of factors influencing quality nursing care can help hospital administrators implement effective programmes to improve quality of services. Although certain bivariate correlations have been found between selected factors and quality nursing care in different study models, no studies have examined the relationships among work environment, patient‐to‐nurse ratio, job satisfaction, burnout, intention to leave and quality nursing care in a more comprehensive theoretical model.DesignA cross‐sectional survey.MethodsThe questionnaires were collected from 510 Chinese nurses in four Chinese tertiary hospitals in January 2015. The validity and internal consistency reliability of research instruments were evaluated. Structural equation modelling was used to test a theoretical model.ResultsThe findings revealed that the data supported the theoretical model. Work environment had a large total effect size on quality nursing care. Burnout largely and directly influenced quality nursing care, which was followed by work environment and patient‐to‐nurse ratio. Job satisfaction indirectly affected quality nursing care through burnout.ConclusionsThis study shows how work environment past burnout and job satisfaction influences quality nursing care. Apart from nurses’ work conditions of work environment and patient‐to‐nurse ratio, hospital administrators should pay more attention to nurse outcomes of job satisfaction and burnout when designing intervention programmes to improve quality nursing care.
Telocytes in the human sinoatrial node
Authors: Mitrofanova Lubov B. , Gorshkov Andrey N. , Konovalov Petr V. , Krylova Julia S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe sinoatrial node (SAN) is composed mostly of pacemaker, transitional and Purkinje‐like cells. Pacemaker cells, especially in the centre of the SAN, are surrounded by dense fibrous tissue and do not have any contact with transitional cells. We hypothesize that the SAN contains telocytes that have contacts with pacemaker cells and contractile myocardium. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies against HCN4 and antibody combinations against CD34 and HCN4 was carried out on 12 specimens. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with two mixtures of primary antibodies, namely CD34/S100 and vimentin/S100, was performed in three cases. In two cases, CLSM was carried out with CD117 antibody. Specimens for electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry with HCN4 immunogold labelling were taken from another three patients. In our study, we found cells with the immunophenotype of telocytes in the SAN. There were twice as many of these cells in the centre of the SAN as in the periphery (20.3 ± 4.8 versus 10.8 ± 4.4 per high‐power field). They had close contact with pacemaker cells and contractile cardiomyocytes and expressed HCN4. The ultrastructural characteristics of these cells are identical to those of telocytes observed earlier in other organs. Our study provides evidence that telocytes are present in the SAN.
First isolation of Vibrio tapetis and an atypical strain of Aeromonas salmonicida from skin ulcerations in common dab (Limanda limanda) in the North Sea
Authors: Vercauteren M , De Swaef E , Declercq A , Bosseler L , Gulla S , Balboa S , Romalde J L , Devriese L , Polet H , Boyen F , Chiers K , Decostere A 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSkin ulcerations rank amongst the most prevalent lesions affecting wild common dab (Limanda limanda) with an increase in prevalence of up to 3.5% in the Belgian part of the North Sea. A complex aetiology of these ulcerations is suspected, and many questions remain on the exact factors contributing to these lesions. To construct the aetiological spectrum of skin ulcerations in flatfish, a one‐day monitoring campaign was undertaken in the North Sea. Fifteen fish presented with one or more ulcerations on the pigmented and/or non‐pigmented side. Pathological features revealed various stages of ulcerations with loss of epidermal and dermal tissue, inflammatory infiltrates and degeneration of the myofibers bordering the ulceration, albeit in varying degrees. Upon bacteriological examination, pure cultures of Vibrio tapetis were retrieved in high numbers from five fish and of Aeromonas salmonicida in one fish. The V. tapetis isolates showed cross‐reactivity with the sera against the representative strain of serotype O2 originating form a carpet‐shell clam (Ruditapes descussatus). Moreover, the A. salmonicida isolates displayed a previously undescribed vapA gene sequence (A‐layer type) with possible specificity towards common dab. Further research is necessary to pinpoint the exact role of these agents in the development of skin ulcerations in common dab.
Experimental infection by Yersinia ruckeri O1 biotype 2 induces brain lesions and neurological signs in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Strøm H K , Ohtani M , Nowak B , Boutrup T S , Jones B , Raida M K , Bojesen A M 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPathological manifestations in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following experimental waterborne infection with Yersinia ruckeri serotype O1 biotype 2 (strain 07111224) were investigated. Rainbow trout were exposed to 8 × 107 CFU/ml of Y. ruckeri by bath for 6 hr, and mortality was then monitored for 22 days post‐infection (dpi). Organs were sampled at 3 dpi and also from moribund fish showing signs of severe systemic infection such as bleeding, exophthalmia or erratic swimming behaviour. Y. ruckeri was observed in the meninges and diencephalon of the brain, and lamina propria of olfactory organ at 3 dpi. At 12 dpi, Y. ruckeri had spread throughout the brain including cranial connective tissues and ventricles and the infection was associated with haemorrhages and an infiltration with leucocytes. Y. ruckeri infection and associated with leucocyte infiltration were observed at 13 dpi. In conclusion, Y. ruckeri strain 07111224 causes encephalitis in the acute phase of infection, which could explain why Y. ruckeri‐affected fish show exophthalmia and erratic swimming known as signs of ERM.
The incidence of bent dorsal fins in free‐ranging cetaceans
Authors: Alves F. , Towers J. R. , Baird R. W. , Bearzi G. , Bonizzoni S. , Ferreira R. , Halicka Z. , Alessandrini A. , Kopelman A. H. , Yzoard C. , Rasmussen M. H. , Bertulli C. G. , Jourdain E. , Gullan A. , Rocha D. , Hupman K. , Mrusczok M.‐T. , Samarra F. I. P. , Magalhães S. , Weir C. R. , Ford J. K. B. , Dinis A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLaterally bent dorsal fins are rarely observed in free‐ranging populations of cetaceans, contrary to captivity, where most killer whaleOrcinus orcaadult males have laterally collapsed fins. This topic has been poorly explored, and data/information on its occurrence and possible causes are limited. The present study: (i) undertakes a review of the available information on bent dorsal fins in free‐ranging cetaceans, and updates it with new records, (ii) reports on the proportion of bent fins in different study populations, and (iii) discusses possible causes. An empirical approach based on bibliographic research and compilation of 52 new records collected worldwide resulted in a total of 17 species of cetaceans displaying bent dorsal fins. The species with the highest number of records (64%) and from most locations wasO. orca. On average, individuals with bent dorsal fins represent < 1% of their populations, with the exception of false killer whalesPseudorca crassidensandO. orca. While line injuries associated with fisheries interactions may be the main cause forP. crassidens, and the vulnerability to health issues caused by the evolutionary enlargement of the fin may be the cause forO. orcaadult males, factors contributing to this abnormality for other species are still unclear. The occurrence of bent dorsals could be influenced by a set of variables rather than by a single factor but, irrespective of the cause, it is suggested that it does not directly affect the animals' survivorship. While still rare in nature, this incident is more common (at least 101 known cases) and widespread (geographically and in species diversity) than hypothesized, and is not confined only to animals in captive environments. Investigation into the occurrence of bent fins may be an interesting avenue of research.
Being there and reconnecting: Midwives' perceptions of the impact of Mindfulness training on their practice
Authors: Hunter Louise , Snow Sarah , Warriner Sian 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveTo ascertain how midwives perceived attending a mindfulness course impacted on their professional practice, particularly in regard to any stress they experienced at work.DesignA qualitative study using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with nine midwives.SettingA large maternity Trust in the United Kingdom.InterventionAn eight‐week mindfulness course, adapted from mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy.FindingsFour superordinate themes were identified as follows: “being challenged and committing,” “containing the self,” “reconnecting” and “moving forward with confidence.” Focusing on the present moment enabled participants better to identify the boundary between self and other. This led to an increased sense of control and a reconnection with and reframing of relationships with colleagues and the women in their care.Key conclusionsMindfulness may provide an effective way to address the high levels of stress, role dissatisfaction and workplace bullying found in midwifery, by improving both the working environment and patient care. The pivotal role of positive workplace relationships in this process resonates with other nursing research and with contemporary philosophical thought.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study adds to a body of evidence which suggests investing in the well‐being of midwifery staff improves both job satisfaction and women's experiences of care.
Need of support in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Ali Lilas , Fors Andreas , Ekman Inger 
Published: November 2017

Aim and objectiveThe aim of this study was to describe peoples’ experiences and expectations of support when living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.MethodWe conducted and analysed face‐to‐face or telephone interviews with 17 individuals (aged 44–77 years) diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The interviewer asked open‐ended questions aimed at encouraging further narration, and we analysed the participants’ narratives using a phenomenological hermeneutical approach. This report adheres to the COREQ guidelines.ResultsThe overall theme suggests that people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease describe support as shared knowledge and experiences, based on the following subthemes; similar experiences, the need of genuine professional knowledge, self‐reliance versus self‐blame, and the Internet – feeling safe but uncertain.ConclusionsPeople with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease find their strength through shared knowledge and dialogical support with others who have similar experiences and with professionals. A person‐centred eHealth approach may be suitable for this group as it offers both collaboration and support.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is a demand for access to genuine professional knowledge as additional support to patients’ own capabilities and needs. Patient associations were assessed as reliable sources of information and to some extent also support, but the importance of access to professional sources was also stressed.