bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A contextual approach to decolonising IR: Interrogating knowledge production hierarchies
Authors: Loke Beverley , Owen Catherine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Although calls to decolonise International Relations (IR) have become more prominent, the endeavour becomes infinitely more complex when searching for concrete approaches to decolonise IR knowledge production. We posit that decolonising IR, a global counter-hegemonic political project to dismantle and transform dominant knowledge production practices, must be enacted according to context-specific particularities. Contexts shape practices of epistemological decolonisation, since knowledge hierarchies are enacted and experienced – and must be challenged and dismantled – differently in different sites. Yet although acknowledged as important, contexts are understudied and under-theorised. This raises several questions: how do contexts matter to IR knowledge production, in what ways, and with what effects? This article disaggregates six contexts in IR knowledge production – material, spatial, disciplinary, political, embodied, and temporal – and explores how they impact academic practices. We bring together hitherto-disparate insights into the role of contexts in knowledge production from Global IR, Political Sociology, Feminist Studies, Higher Education Studies, and Critical Geopolitics, illustrating them with empirical evidence from 30 interviews with IR scholars across a variety of countries and academic institutions. We argue that an interrogation of the inequalities produced through these contexts brings us closer towards developing concrete tools to dismantle entrenched hierarchies in IR knowledge production.
How institutions decay: towards an endogenous theory
Authors: Herzog Lisa , Hindriks Frank , Wittek Rafael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
When organizations solve collective action problems or realize values, they do so by means of institutions. These are commonly regarded as self-stabilizing. Yet, they can also be subject to endogenous processes of decay, or so we argue. We explain this in terms of psychological and cultural processes, which can change even if the formal structures remain unchanged. One key implication is that the extent to which norms, values and ideals motivate individuals to comply with institutions is limited.
Promotive factors associated with reduced anxiety and depression across three years in a prospective clinical cohort of adolescents: Examining compensatory and protective models of resilience
Authors: Ranøyen Ingunn , Wallander Jan L. , Lydersen Stian , Thomsen Per Hove , Jozefiak Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The rates of anxiety and depression increase across adolescence, many experience recurrence after treatment, yet longitudinal studies examining promotive factors are scarce. We prospectively examined the role of the promotive factors structured style, personal and social competencies, family functioning, and social resources in homotypic and heterotypic continuity and discontinuity of anxiety and depression across three years in a clinical sample. Participants were adolescents with anxiety or depressive disorders aged 13–18 years at T1 (N = 717, 44% initial participation rate) and aged 16–21 years at T2 (N = 549, 80% follow-up participation rate). At T1, diagnoses were collected from medical records and participants responded to questionnaires. At T2, semi-structured diagnostic interviews were conducted. Higher levels of all promotive factors were associated with reduced probability of anxiety or depression three years later. The promotive factors were not associated with homotypic continuity of anxiety, whereas personal competence beliefs, social competence, and, less strongly, family functioning were associated with reduced homotypic continuity of depression and heterotypic continuity from depression to anxiety. Analyses with interaction terms did not indicate moderation by the promotive factors. Our findings suggest that bolstering promotive factors may be vital for increasing treatment success and preventing recurrence of anxiety and depression in the transition toward adulthood.
The Impact of a Study Trip to Auschwitz: Place-based Learning for Bioethics Education and Professional Identity Formation
Authors: Li Maxwell , Stamatin Ramona , Wald Hedy S. , Wasserman Jason Adam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
There are increasing calls for coverage of medicine during the Holocaust in medical school curricula. This article describes outcomes from a Holocaust and medicine educational program featuring a study trip to Poland, which focused on physician complicity during the Holocaust, as well as moral courage in health professionals who demonstrated various forms of resistance in the ghettos and concentration camps. The trip included tours of key sites in Krakow, Oswiecim, and the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camps, as well as meeting with survivors, lectures, reflective writings, and discussions. In-depth interviews and reflective writings were qualitatively analyzed. Resulting themes centered on greater understanding of the relationship between bioethics and the Holocaust, recognizing the need for moral courage and social awareness, deeper appreciation for the historical roles played by dehumanization and medical power and their contemporary manifestations, and the power of presence and experiential learning for bioethics education and professional identity formation. These findings evidence the significant impact of the experience and suggest broader adoption of pedagogies that include place-based and experiential learning coupled with critical reflection can amplify the impact of bioethics and humanism education as well as the process of professional identity formation of medical students.
Adolescents’ perceptions of food outlets in the school neighbourhood and their unhealthy snacking behaviour on the way to and from school
Authors: Situmorang Margaretha Liliana , Mandic Sandra , Keall Michael , Smith Melody , Donnellan Niamh , Coppell Kirsten J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To understand the relationship between adolescents’ unhealthy snacking behaviour during their school journey and their perceived and objective measures of food outlet availability in the school neighbourhood.

Design:
A cross-sectional survey enquired about socio-demographic information, school transport modes, perceived presence of food outlets in the school neighbourhood and unhealthy food purchase and consumption on the school journey. A geographical information system analysis of the food outlets within 500 m and 1000 m school buffers was undertaken. Data were analysed using generalised linear mixed modelling.

Setting:
All twelve secondary schools in Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand, March 2020–June 2022.

Participants:
Adolescents aged 13–18 years (n 725) who reported being familiar with their school neighbourhood.

Results:
Perceived availability of food outlets in the school neighbourhood was inversely correlated with distance to the closest food outlet from school and positively correlated with food outlet density within 500 m and 1000 m school buffers. Adolescents’ purchase and consumption of unhealthy snacks and drinks during the school journey were associated with perceived availability of food outlets and with shorter distance to the closest food outlet from school. Mixed transport users, girls and those living in high-deprivation neighbourhoods had higher odds of purchasing and consuming unhealthy snacks and drinks during the school journey than active transport users, boys and those living in low-deprivation neighbourhoods, respectively.

Conclusions:
Adolescents perceptions of the food environment and close access to food outlets in the school neighbourhood may influence adolescents’ food purchase and consumption behaviours during the school journey.
Addressing missing persons arising from armed conflict as a driver of peace: Towards a research agenda
Authors: Robins Simon , Stockwell Jill 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
International humanitarian law (IHL) provides the normative foundation for efforts to address the issue of missing persons during and after armed conflict. Whilst IHL does not engage with how parties to an armed conflict may go about restoring peace, there has been speculation that resolving the missing issue, by bringing answers to families about the fate and whereabouts of their missing relatives, can potentially play a role in building peace. This article represents an effort to compile existing evidence in academic and practice literature that supports an understanding of how addressing the missing issue relates to peacebuilding. In so doing, the article seeks to lay out a research agenda to understand how addressing the issue of the missing can serve to advance peacebuilding, and proposes avenues for further research.
A 2‐Billion‐Year History of Water‐Alteration in Terra Sirenum, Mars: Volcanism's Influence on Aluminum Clay Formation and Chemically Distinct Waters Forming Sulfates and Chlorides Into the Amazonian
Authors: Leask E. K. , Ehlmann B. L. , Dundar M. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTerra Sirenum, a region of Noachian highlands southwest of the Tharsis volcanic complex, is unique in the number, proximity, and diversity of orbital detections of secondary minerals, as the sole region found to date hosting large‐scale deposits of all of Mars' major salts (chlorides, sulfates, carbonates) as well as diverse hydrated silicates. We combine mineralogical information, high‐resolution imagery, and elevation models to investigate the geologic context of these secondary minerals to understand the sources of water and ions for each type of deposit and their spatial/temporal relationships. Carbonates, where present, are part of Noachian basement rocks exposed through cratering and do not appear associated with evaporative sequences. Numerous small detections of the acid sulfate minerals alunite and jarosite mirror the dominant clay cation in the localities they are found—Al phyllosilicates and Fe phyllosilicates, respectively—suggesting in situ formation. We interpret a previously discovered kaolinite‐rich unit overlying Fe/Mg clays across northeast Terra Sirenum as remnants of a widespread ash unit rather than a pedogenic weathering sequence. Sulfate and chloride detections are decoupled, with sulfates in topographic lows likely precipitated from volcanism‐associated groundwaters, while chloride detections are consistent with surface water runoff, in some instances clearly post‐dating volcanic units capping sulfate detections. Volcanic resurfacing of craters in the region is progressively younger from west to east, and crater statistics‐based ages indicate localized sulfate‐ and chloride‐forming processes continue to occur from ∼3.5 to ∼1.4 Ga. We hypothesize that their decoupling points to disconnected, episodic surface and groundwater reservoirs, perhaps separated by a permafrost layer.
Shaping the Coast: Accounting for the Human Wildcard in Projections of Future Change
Authors: Lentz Erika E. , Wong‐Parodi Gabrielle , Zeigler Sara , Collini Renee C. , Palmsten Margaret L. , Passeri Davina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCoastal change and evolution are the product of physical drivers (e.g., waves) tightly coupled with human behavior. As climate change impacts intensify, demand is increasing for information on where, when, and how coastal areas may change in the future. Although considerable research investments have been made in understanding the physical drivers and processes that modify and shape coastal environments, many do not account for human behavior, compromising the accuracy of comprehensive future change predictions. We outline four social science approaches—historic case studies, simulations, longitudinal studies, and longitudinal studies supported by experimental data—that can be coupled with physical change information to support transdisciplinary understanding of future change. A fundamental need for each approach is more and better empirical data to better gauge human behavior. In addition, foundational investments in transdisciplinary collaboration help research teams support the integration of these approaches.
First Observational Evidence That Dust‐Driven Cloud Phase Changes Cool the Surface Over Summertime Arctic Sea Ice
Authors: Zamora L. M. , Kahn R. A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCloud phase has important impacts on Arctic surface temperatures, and circumstantial evidence suggests that dust aerosols have strong regional impacts on Arctic cloud phase. We used 7 years of satellite observations and model and reanalysis products to control for co‐varying meteorology, and to assess how dust and other aerosols impact cloud phase and cloud radiative effects over the summertime sea ice. We focus on clouds at 3 km, where dust modeling is most accurate. There is strong indication that dust aerosols caused about 4.5% of clouds below −15°C to change phase, with smaller effects at higher temperatures. Sulfate has a smaller impact on cloud phase. Dust is associated with cloud‐mediated surface cooling of up to a 6.3 W m−2 below single‐layer clouds at ∼3 km in June. This is the first observational study to constrain likely dust‐related cloud radiative effects over the summertime Arctic sea ice.
O‐Mode Instability for Non‐Thermal Continuum Radiation Generated Near the Plasmapause
Authors: Cheng Chio Z. , Kim Eun‐Hwa , Boardsen Scott A. , Cairns Iver H. , Johnson Jay R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnalysis of the ordinary mode (O‐mode) instability is performed to comprehend the nonthermal continuum (NTC) radiation near the plasmapause, taking into account the relativistic wave‐electron resonance effect. The energy source is the anisotropy in the velocity of the minority suprathermal electron population. Numerical solutions demonstrate that the O‐mode can be unstable with multiple narrow frequency bands located close to harmonics of the electron cyclotron frequency above the local electron plasma frequency. These waves have narrow beaming angle bands of nearly relative to the ambient magnetic field. Our findings indicate that NTC radiation generated by this wave‐electron resonance instability near the plasmapause can propagate nearer to the magnetic equator with multiple harmonics, which is in agreement with a recent statistical study using Van Allen Probes.
Effects of Storm‐Time Winds on Ionospheric Pre‐Midnight Equatorial Plasma Bubbles Over South America as Observed by ICON and GOLD
Authors: González Gilda , Wu Yen‐Jung , Gasque L. Claire , Triplett Colin C. , Harding Brian J. , Immel Thomas J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study uses satellite measurements of plasma densities and thermospheric winds to analyze the effects of the November 2021 geomagnetic storm on ionospheric pre‐midnight topside plasma bubbles over South America. Using observations from the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) and the Global‐scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) satellites, we find that pre‐midnight topside plasma bubbles were inhibited over eastern South America during the recovery phase of the storm. This is particularly notable because of the otherwise high occurrence rate of plasma bubbles at these longitudes during this season. This inhibition coincided with the recovery phase of the geomagnetic storm, marked by a northward turning of the z‐component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMFBz) and quiet‐time values of the SuperMAG Auroral Electrojet Index (SME). We observed a westward turning of the zonal wind before the bubble inhibition, so we conclude the inhibition of topside plasma bubbles is likely related to a westward disturbance dynamo electric field (DDEF) causing a downward drift and suppress the growth of the instability responsible for bubble development. Contrary to theoretical predictions, we do not observe notable changes to the meridional wind during the event. These results provide new insights into the ionosphere‐thermosphere system's response to geomagnetic storms and highlight the role of wind patterns in inhibiting ionospheric irregularities, contributing to better predictive models for these phenomena.
The Cumulative Effect of Wintertime Weather Systems on the Ocean Mixed‐Layer Stable Isotope Composition in the Iceland and Greenland Seas
Authors: Sodemann Harald , Weng Yongbiao , Touzeau Alexandra , Jeansson Emil , Thurnherr Iris , Barrell Chris , Renfrew Ian A. , Semper Stefanie , Våge Kjetil , Werner Martin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Iceland and Greenland Seas are characterized by strong heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere during wintertime. Here we characterize the atmospheric signal of this strong evaporation in terms of water vapor isotopes and investigate if such a signal can have a cumulative imprint on the ocean mixed‐layer. Observations include continuous water vapor isotope measurements, event‐based precipitation samples, and sea‐water samples taken at various depths from the research vessel Alliance during the Iceland‐Greenland Seas Project cruise in February and March 2018. In conjunction with a simulation from a regional, isotope‐enabled atmospheric model, we find that the predominant atmospheric isotope signature during predominant marine cold‐air outbreak conditions is −129.8 ± 16.6‰ for δ2H and −18.10 ± 2.87‰ for δ18O, with a d‐excess of 15.1 ± 7.9‰, indicating enhanced non‐equilibrium fractionation compared to the global average. During events of warm‐air intrusion from mid‐latitudes, near‐surface vapor becomes saturated and the vapor d‐excess approaches equilibrium or becomes negative. Similarly, precipitation d‐excess is lower and thus closer to equilibrium conditions during warm‐air intrusions. There are indications that an evaporation signal of waters exiting the Nordic Seas through Denmark Strait could be locally enhanced over seasons to years, as supported by simple model calculations. Our findings thus suggest that evaporation signals could be transferred into the ocean isotope composition in this region, potentially enabling mass‐balance constraints in isotope‐enabled coupled ocean‐atmosphere models.
Climatological Tracking and Lifecycle Characteristics of Mesoscale Convective Systems in Northwestern South America
Authors: Robledo Vanessa , Henao Juan J. , Mejía John F. , Ramírez‐Cardona Álvaro , Hernández K. Santiago , Gómez‐Ríos Sebastián , Rendón Ángela M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are crucial in shaping large‐scale tropical circulation and the hydrological cycle, particularly in Northwestern South America (NwSA), a region marked by complex terrain and significant MCS activity. Understanding MCSs in NwSA is vital due to their impact on precipitation patterns and potential for severe weather events. To enhance this understanding, the ATRACKCS algorithm was developed for tracking convective systems, utilizing precipitation and brightness temperature data sets. This research focuses on documenting the spatiotemporal variability of MCS occurrence, life cycle, and movement. Notably, MCS hotspots were identified to the west of the major orographic features in the region, with maximum occurrences at night, contrasting with the region's typical afternoon peak in land convection. MCS movement is also heavily influenced by topography, with higher velocities on the eastern (windward) side of the Andes compared to velocities on the western (leeward) side. MCSs generally move westward, driven by easterly winds, but this pattern is not consistent throughout the year or region. Northward movement is predominant to the west of the Andes, while southward movement is observed to the east. These seasonal and regional movement variations are linked to factors such as the intertropical convergence zone position, moisture availability, topography, and low‐level jets. This research underscores the complexity of MCSs in NwSA and emphasizes the need for detailed studies on the atmospheric environment shaping these systems. Additionally, it provides a robust 21‐year MCS database for NwSA and an advanced tracking tool for research in various geographic contexts and impact areas.
Intracellular C5aR1 inhibits ferroptosis in glioblastoma through METTL3-dependent m6A methylation of GPX4
Authors: Meng Xiangrui , Wang Zixuan , Yang Qingqing , Liu Yawei , Gao Yisu , Chen Hefei , Li Ang , Li Rongqing , Wang Jun , Sun Guan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary intracranial malignant tumor. Recent literature suggests that induction of programmed death has become a mainstream cancer treatment strategy, with ferroptosis being the most widely studied mode. Complement C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) is associated with both tumorigenesis and tumor-related immunity. However, knowledge regarding the role of C5aR1 in GBM progression is limited. In the present study, we observed significant upregulation of C5aR1 in glioma tissue. In addition, C5aR1 expression was found to be closely associated with patient prognosis and survival. Subsequent experimental verification demonstrated that C5aR1 promoted the progression of GBM mainly by suppressing ferroptosis induction, inhibiting the accumulation of lipid peroxides, and stabilizing the expression of the core antiferroptotic factor glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Aberrant N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of GPX4 mRNA contributes significantly to epigenetic tumorigenesis, and here, we report that selective methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3)-dependent m6A methylation of GPX4 plays a key role in C5AR1 knockdown-induced ferroptosis induction. Mechanistically, ERK1/2 signaling pathway activation increases the METTL3 protein abundance in GBM cells. This activation then increases the stability of METTL3-mediated m6A modifications on GPX4, enabling it to fulfill its transcriptional function. More importantly, in an intracranial xenograft mouse model, PMX205, a C5aR1 inhibitor, promoted alterations in ferroptosis in GBM cells and inhibited GBM progression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that C5aR1 inhibits ferroptosis in GBM cells and promotes MettL3-dependent GPX4 expression through ERK1/2, thereby promoting glioma progression. Our study reveals a novel mechanism by which the intracellular complement receptor C5aR1 suppresses ferroptosis induction and promotes GBM progression. These findings may facilitate the identification of a potential therapeutic target for glioma.
Electrical spectroscopy of polaritonic nanoresonators
Authors: Castilla Sebastián , Agarwal Hitesh , Vangelidis Ioannis , Bludov Yuliy V. , Iranzo David Alcaraz , Grabulosa Adrià , Ceccanti Matteo , Vasilevskiy Mikhail I. , Kumar Roshan Krishna , Janzen Eli , Edgar James H. , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Peres Nuno M. R. , Lidorikis Elefterios , Koppens Frank H. L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne of the most captivating properties of polaritons is their capacity to confine light at the nanoscale. This confinement is even more extreme in two-dimensional (2D) materials. 2D polaritons have been investigated by optical measurements using an external photodetector. However, their effective spectrally resolved electrical detection via far-field excitation remains unexplored. This hinders their exploitation in crucial applications such as sensing, hyperspectral imaging, and optical spectrometry, banking on their potential for integration with silicon technologies. Herein, we present the electrical spectroscopy of polaritonic nanoresonators based on a high-quality 2D-material heterostructure, which serves at the same time as the photodetector and the polaritonic platform. Subsequently, we electrically detect these mid-infrared resonators by near-field coupling to a graphene pn-junction. The nanoresonators simultaneously exhibit extreme lateral confinement and high-quality factors. This work opens a venue for investigating this tunable and complex hybrid system and its use in compact sensing and imaging platforms.