bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coğrafya Öğretmenlerinin Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi İle İlgili Yeterliliklerinin İncelenmesi / Examining the Skills of Geography Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Authors: Doğru Esengül , Aydın Fatih 
Published: April 2017

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The main purpose of this research was to determine the competencies of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) of geography teachers and to examine whether these competencies differed significantly according to various variables. The study included a total of a total of 42 geography teachers employed in Karabuk city centre and its districts in 20015-2015 education year. The data of the study was gathered though Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK) developed by Pamuk, Ergun, Çakır, Yılmaz ve Ayas (2012). Frequency and percentage values along with Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test, Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis H test were used to analyse the data of the current study. The results of the study revealed that the technological pedagogical content knowledge of geography teachers was not enough. Results also demonstrated the level of geography teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge did not differ significantly according to their skills and knowledge at using technology, seniority, education level and gender. Content Knowledge is one of the subscales of TPCK that geography teachers had the highest level of knowledge. Furthermore, the level of technological content knowledge of geography teachers was higher than that of technological pedagogical knowledge. The results of the study were discussed in line with the related literature and some suggestions were made. </p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Coğrafya öğretmenlerinin Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi (TPAB) yeterliliklerinin tespit edilmesi ve bu yeterliliklerin çeşitli değişkenlere göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya, 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılında Karabük il merkezi ve ilçelerinde görev yapmakta olan toplam 42 Coğrafya öğretmeni katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmanın nicel kısmı için ölçme aracı olarak Pamuk, Ergun, Çakır, Yılmaz ve Ayas (2012) tarafından geliştirilen, Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi (TPAB) ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yüzde ve frekans değerleri, Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) testi, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis H testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, Coğrafya öğretmenlerinin Teknoloji Bilgilerinin (TB) yeterli olmadığını göstermektedir. Coğrafya öğretmenlerinin Pedagojik Bilgileri (PB), teknolojiyi kullanmadaki bilgi ve becerilerine, meslekteki hizmet yıllarına, eğitim durumlarına ve cinsiyetlerine göre farklılaşmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. TPAB’nin alt boyutlarından olan Alan Bilgisi (AB), öğretmenlerin en yüksek seviyede bilgi sahibi oldukları boyuttur. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin, Teknolojik Alan Bilgisi (TAB) düzeylerinin Teknolojik Pedagojik Bilgi (TPB) düzeylerine göre yüksek çıktığı görülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçları ilgili alan yazınla ilişkili bir biçimde tartışılmış ve bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.</p>
Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Tarih Kavramına İlişkin Sahip Oldukları Metaforlar / Secondary School Students’ Metaphors about the History Concept
Authors: Candan Ahmet Sait , Öztaş Sezai 
Published: April 2017

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>A metaphor is a figure of speech that refers to one thing by mentioning another thing via comparison, fictionalizing and expression. This study is revealing, in terms of metaphor concept, what the perceptions of the secondary school students with relate to “History” term are. Accordingly, comments of 160 students who are educating in secondary schools in Karabük city center are referred. In this research, the secondary school students’ perceptions about “History” term are tried to be determined via metaphors. The obtained data were analyzed with content analysis method by using the phenomenological pattern in terms of qualitative research method. As a result of this analysis, it has been revealed that metaphor is an effective factor in determining and expressing the perceptions of the secondary education students about “History” term.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Metafor bir şeyi başka bir şey ile benzetmeye, kurgulamaya, anlatmaya yarayan mecazlardır. Bu çalışma ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin “Tarih” kavramına ilişkin algılarının neler olduğunu metaforlar bağlamında ortaya koymaya yöneliktir. Bu doğrultuda Karabük il merkezinde bulunan ortaöğretim okullarında öğrenim gören 160 öğrencinin görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Araştırmada çalışma grubundaki öğrencilerin “Tarih” kavramına yönelik algıları metaforlar üzerinden belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, nitel araştırma yöntemi bağlamında olgubilim deseni kullanılarak içerik analizi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu analiz sonucunda, ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin “Tarih” kavramına ilişkin sahip oldukları algıları belirlemede ve açıklamada metaforların etkin bir araç olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.</p>
Çevrecilik Söylemleri Ve Türkiye’deki Çevre Hareketlerinin Seyri / Environmental Discourses and the Course of Environmental Movements in Turkey
Authors: Öztürk Özkan 
Published: April 2017

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Environmentalism covers a whole of consistent ideological, philosophical and scientific practices for positively reorganizing the unequal relations between nature and society. In its process of historical evolution, the concept of environmentalism has embodied several political, philosophical and economic variables while other factors have lost their impact in the meantime. Therefore, environmentalism has undergone a number of theoretical and practical changes. While discourses of environmentalism configure their directions by relying upon different intellectual grounds, they build their social practices with reference to these political discourses. This study analyzes discursive dimensions of environmentalism and focuses upon the discursive reciprocity of the relation between intellectual arguments and political orientations in social practices. It further discusses the course of environmental movements regarding the values they have produced and concentrates on the socialization processes of environmental movements along with environmental discourses and practices.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Çevrecilik, doğa ve toplum arasındaki eşitsiz ilişkilerin olumlu yönde yeniden düzenlenmesi için, kendi içinde tutarlı ideolojik, felsefi ve bilimsel pratiklerin bütününü kapsar. Tarihsel seyri içinde düşünüldüğünde, çevrecilik düşüncesine çeşitli siyasal, felsefi ve ekonomik değişkenler dâhil olurken başka değişkenler önemini kaybetmiştir. Böylece çevrecilik hem teorik anlamda hem de pratikte farklılaşmıştır. Çevrecilik söylemleri birbirinden farklı düşünsel tabanlara yaslanarak siyasal söylemlerinin yönünü tayin ederken toplumsal pratiklerini de bu siyasal söylemler çerçevesinde inşa etmişlerdir. Bu çalışma çevreciliğin söylemsel boyutunu inceleyerek, düşünsel argümanlarla siyasal yönelimler arasındaki ilişkinin toplumsal pratikte nasıl söylemsel bir karşılık bulduğuna odaklanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte Türkiye’deki çevre hareketlerinin seyri çevre söylemlerinin ürettiği değerler içinde ele alınacak ve çevreci hareketlerin toplumsallaşma süreçleri çevre söylemleri ve pratikleriyle beraber değerlendirilecektir.</p>
Altıncı ve Yedinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Hoca Ahmed Yesevî Algıları / Sixth and Seventh Graders’ Perceptions of Khoja Ahmad Yassawi
Authors: Kılcan Bahadır , Akbaba Bülent , Gülbudak Burcu 
Published: April 2017

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The purpose of this research is to determine sixth and seventh graders’ perceptions of Khoja Ahmad Yassawi, who was among Turkish-Muslim thinkers, covered in the sixth and seventh grades social sciences curriculum. To this end, the metaphors produced and the pictures/cartoons drawn by the students about Khoja Ahmad Yassawi were examined. Qualitative research designs were employed in the research. The study group consists of 237 sixth and seventh graders educating in Mamak district of Ankara province in the spring semester of the 2015-2016 academic year. The data obtained from the participants were analyzed and interpreted via content analysis. The participants were found to have the following perceptions of Khoja Ahmad Yassawi: “informing, advisory”, “guiding, illuminating”, “showing the truth, providing benefit”, and “leaving a mark, esteemed”.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Bu araştırmada, sosyal bilgiler 6 ve 7. sınıf öğretim programında yer alan Türk-İslam mütefekkirlerinden Hoca Ahmed Yesevi’nin altıncı ve yedinci sınıf öğrencileri tarafından nasıl algılandığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda; öğrencilerin Hoca Ahmed Yesevi’ye ilişkin geliştirdikleri metaforlar ve çizdikleri resim/karikatürler incelenmiştir. Nitel araştırma deseninde gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim bahar döneminde Ankara ili Mamak ilçesinde öğrenim gören 237 altıncı ve yedinci sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılardan elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde ve yorumlanmasında içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların, Hoca Ahmed Yesevi’yi; “bilgi sağlayan, öğüt veren”, “yol gösteren, aydınlatan”, “doğruyu gösteren, fayda sağlayan” ve “iz bırakan, değerli olan” şeklinde algıladıkları görülmektedir.</p><p> </p>
Nightside ionosphere of Mars: Composition, vertical structure, and variability
Authors: Girazian Z. , Mahaffy P. R. , Lillis R. J. , Benna M. , Elrod M. , Jakosky B. M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe provide an overview of the composition, vertical structure, and variability of the nightside ionosphere of Mars as observed by Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN)'s Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) through 19 months of the MAVEN mission. We show that O
is the most abundant ion down to ∼130 km at all nightside solar zenith angles (SZA). However, below 130 km NO+ is the most abundant ion, and NO+ densities increase with decreasing altitude down to at least 120 km. We also show how the densities of the major ions decrease with SZA across the terminator. At lower altitudes the O
and CO
densities decrease more rapidly with SZA than the NO+ and HCO+ densities, which changes the composition of the ionosphere from being primarily O
on the dayside to being a mixture of O
, NO+, and HCO+ on the nightside. These variations are in accord with the expected ion‐neutral chemistry, because both NO+ and HCO+ have long chemical lifetimes. Additionally, we present median ion density profiles from three different nightside SZA ranges, including deep on the nightside at SZAs greater than 150° and discuss how they compare to particle precipitation models. Finally, we show that nightside ion densities can vary by nearly an order of magnitude over monthlong timescales. The largest nightside densities were observed at high northern latitudes during winter and coincided with a major solar energetic particle event.
Seismic attenuation tomography of the source zone of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake (M 7.3)
Authors: Wang Zewei , Zhao Dapeng , Liu Xin , Li Xibing 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe study the three‐dimensional seismic attenuation (QP and QS) structure in the source area of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake (M 7.3) by using 18,296
and 29,668
data from 742 local earthquakes recorded by a dense seismic network consisting of 112 stations deployed in Kyushu Island. Our results show that significant low‐Q (high‐attenuation) anomalies exist in the crust and mantle wedge beneath the volcanic front and back‐arc area, which reflect hot and wet zones caused by convective circulation in the mantle wedge and dehydration of the young Philippine Sea (PHS) slab. The 2016 Kumamoto earthquake occurred in a high‐Q and high‐velocity (high‐V) zone in the upper crust, which is surrounded and underlain by low‐Q and low‐V anomalies in the lower crust and upper mantle. These results suggest that the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake took place in a brittle seismogenic layer in the upper crust, but its rupture nucleation was affected by fluids and arc magma ascending from the mantle wedge. In addition, an obvious low‐Q zone is revealed in the fore‐arc mantle wedge, which reflects serpentinization of the fore‐arc mantle due to abundant fluids from the PHS slab dehydration.
Erosion of a California Undercurrent eddy by bottom topography
Authors: Torres Hector S. , Gomez‐Valdes Jose 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSubsurface eddies are ubiquitous features in eastern boundary current systems. These phenomena tend to modulate the across‐shore distribution of heat and biogeochemical tracers. A California Undercurrent eddy was detected by shipboard observations in October 2009 off the northern Baja California continental slope. The spatiotemporal variation in the California Undercurrent eddy is investigated by using a mesoscale‐resolving hindcast ocean simulation. A poleward coastal current that is driven by an upwelling‐wind relaxation event and the coastline geometry instigated the separation of the California Undercurrent from the slope, forming a meander‐like structure, which evolved as a mesoscale eddy‐like structure. The latter structure evolved as a subsurface eddy with a warm anomaly core, a distinctive feature of eddies that form from the California Undercurrent. During the initial stage, the subsurface eddy presented a cone‐shape form, with the maximum amplitude of the relative vorticity in the upper section. The inviscid effect of the irregular bottom topography altered both the initial direction of propagation and the initial eddy shape: the propagation direction of the eddy changed from north‐south to southwest, and the shape changed from a cone shape to a subsurface lens shape. The strong eddy‐topography interactions triggered a sign change in the heat flux direction from the environment toward the eddy and vice versa through the horizontally divergent component of the velocity field, which accelerated the eddy's decay. This study shows the relevance of the synoptic wind stress events and the irregularity of the bottom topography on the mesoscale eddy activity in the southern portion of the California Current.
A comparison of Aqua MODIS ice and liquid water cloud physical and optical properties between collection 6 and collection 5.1: Pixel‐to‐pixel comparisons
Authors: Yi Bingqi , Rapp Anita D. , Yang Ping , Baum Bryan A. , King Michael D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe compare differences in ice and liquid water cloud physical and optical properties between Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) collection 6 (C6) and collection 5.1 (C51). The C6 cloud products changed significantly due to improved calibration, improvements based on comparisons with the Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization, treatment of subpixel liquid water clouds, introduction of a roughened ice habit for C6 rather than the use of smooth ice particles in C51, and more. The MODIS cloud products form a long‐term data set for analysis, modeling, and various purposes. Thus, it is important to understand the impact of the changes. Two cases are considered for C6 to C51 comparisons. Case 1 considers pixels with valid cloud retrievals in both C6 and C51, while case 2 compares all valid cloud retrievals in each collection. One year (2012) of level‐2 MODIS cloud products are examined, including cloud effective radius (CER), optical thickness (COT), water path, cloud top pressure (CTP), cloud top temperature, and cloud fraction. Large C6–C51 differences are found in the ice CER (regionally, as large as 15 μm) and COT (decrease in annual average by approximately 25%). Liquid water clouds have higher CTP in marine stratocumulus regions in C6 but lower CTP globally (−5 hPa), and there are 66% more valid pixels in C6 (case 2) due to the treatment of pixels with subpixel clouds. Simulated total cloud radiative signatures from C51 and C6 are compared to Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System Energy Balanced And Filled (EBAF) product. The C6 CREs compare more closely with the EBAF than the C51 counterparts.
Evaluating the present annual water budget of a Himalayan headwater river basin using a high‐resolution atmosphere‐hydrology model
Authors: Li Lu , Gochis David J. , Sobolowski Stefan , Mesquita Michel D. S. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the present water budget in Himalayan Basins is a challenge due to poor in situ coverage, incomplete or unreliable records, and the limitations of coarse resolution gridded data set. In the study, a two‐way coupled implementation of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model and the WRF‐Hydro hydrological modeling extension package (WRF/WRF‐Hydro) was employed in its offline configuration, over a 10 year simulation period for a mountainous river basin in North India. A triple nest is employed, in which the innermost domain had 3 km for atmospheric model grids and 300 m for hydrological components. Two microphysical parameterization (MP) schemes are quantitatively evaluated to reveal how differently MP influences orographic‐related precipitation and how it impacts hydrological responses.The WRF‐Hydro modeling system shows reasonable skill in capturing the spatial and temporal structure of high‐resolution precipitation, and the resulting stream flow hydrographs exhibit a good correspondence with observation at monthly timescales, although the model tends to generally underestimate streamflow amounts. The Thompson Scheme fits better to the observations in the study. More importantly, WRF shows that for high‐altitude precipitation, a high “bias” is exhibited in winter precipitation from WRF, which is about double to triple that as estimated from valley‐sited rain gauges and remotely sensed precipitation estimates from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and Asian Precipitation ‐ Highly‐Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation. Given the full annual cycle pattern and amount in high‐altitude precipitation and the statistical correspondence in discharge, it is concluded that the WRF‐Hydro modeling system shows potential for explicitly predicting potential changes in the atmospheric‐hydrology cycle of ungauged or poorly gauged basins.
Electromagnetic scattering by an infinite array of truncated metal plates
Authors: Poort Marco D. , Daniele Vito G. , Uslenghi Piergiorgio L. E. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAn analytical solution is obtained for the scattering of an arbitrarily polarized plane electromagnetic wave by an infinite number of parallel metal half‐planes perpendicularly truncated by a metal plane. The solution is presented as an infinite series in the phasor domain and is valid everywhere, including near the edges of the parallel plates. The surface current density is then obtained, and numerical results are presented. This novel exact solution is important not only because it expands the catalog of available canonical solutions to boundary value problems but also because it may prove useful in the validation of computer solvers.
Constraints from 40Ar/39Ar geochronology on the timing of Alpine shear zones in the Mont Blanc‐Aiguilles Rouges region of the European Alps
Authors: Egli D. , Mancktelow N. , Spikings R. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Mont Blanc and Aiguilles Rouges massifs, which form part of the external crystalline massifs of the western European Alps, record a young and fast exhumation history, as established by an extensive low‐temperature thermochronology and geochronology data set. Various kinematic and dynamic models for Oligocene to Neogene deformation and exhumation of the Aiguilles Rouges‐Mont Blanc system have been proposed. However, the timing of deformation along major shear zones in and around the massifs, which is crucial to these models, is still controversial. Our new 40Ar/39Ar data from key deformation zones in the Mont Blanc area show that NW directed thrusting lasted from Oligocene to mid‐Miocene times in the Mont Blanc massif before a NW‐ward jump of the deformation front to below the Aiguilles Rouges massif, which led to updoming of the Aiguilles Rouges and Mont Blanc massifs. This deactivated the main NW verging shear zones and caused back‐folding and back thrusting east of the Mont Blanc, as well as upward extrusion of the Aiguilles Rouges massif. Subsequently, there was a switch to more coaxial shortening between the Aiguilles Rouges and Mont Blanc massifs associated with strain partitioning and related dextral strike‐slip deformation on the eastern side of the Mont Blanc massif.
Impacts of oak pollen on allergic asthma in the United States and potential influence of future climate change
Authors: Anenberg Susan C. , Weinberger Kate R. , Roman Henry , Neumann James E. , Crimmins Allison , Fann Neal , Martinich Jeremy , Kinney Patrick L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFuture climate change is expected to lengthen and intensify pollen seasons in the U.S., potentially increasing incidence of allergic asthma. We developed a proof‐of‐concept approach for estimating asthma emergency department (ED) visits in the U.S. associated with present‐day and climate‐induced changes in oak pollen. We estimated oak pollen season length for moderate (Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5) and severe climate change scenarios (RCP8.5) through 2090 using five climate models and published relationships between temperature, precipitation, and oak pollen season length. We calculated asthma ED visit counts associated with 1994–2010 average oak pollen concentrations and simulated future oak pollen season length changes using the Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program, driven by epidemiologically derived concentration‐response relationships. Oak pollen was associated with 21,200 (95% confidence interval, 10,000–35,200) asthma ED visits in the Northeast, Southeast, and Midwest U.S. in 2010, with damages valued at $10.4 million. Nearly 70% of these occurred among children age <18 years. Severe climate change could increase oak pollen season length and associated asthma ED visits by 5% and 10% on average in 2050 and 2090, with a marginal net present value through 2090 of $10.4 million (additional to the baseline value of $346.2 million). Moderate versus severe climate change could avoid >50% of the additional oak pollen‐related asthma ED visits in 2090. Despite several key uncertainties and limitations, these results suggest that aeroallergens pose a substantial U.S. public health burden, that climate change could increase U.S. allergic disease incidence, and that mitigating climate change may have benefits from avoided pollen‐related health impacts.
Two fundamentally different drivers of dipolarizations at Saturn
Authors: Yao Z. H. , Grodent D. , Ray L. C. , Rae I. J. , Coates A. J. , Pu Z. Y. , Lui A. T. , Radioti A. , Waite J. H. , Jones G. H. , Guo R. L. , Dunn W. R. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSolar wind energy is transferred to planetary magnetospheres via magnetopause reconnection, driving magnetospheric dynamics. At giant planets like Saturn, rapid rotation and internal plasma sources from geologically active moons also drive magnetospheric dynamics. In both cases, magnetic energy is regularly released via magnetospheric current redistributions that usually result in a change of the global magnetic field topology (named substorm dipolarization at Earth). Besides this substorm dipolarization, the front boundary of the reconnection outflow can also lead to a strong but localized magnetic dipolarization, named a reconnection front. The enhancement of the north‐south magnetic component is usually adopted as the indicator of magnetic dipolarization. However, this field increase alone cannot distinguish between the two fundamentally different mechanisms. Using measurements from Cassini, we present multiple cases whereby we identify the two distinct types of dipolarization at Saturn. A comparison between Earth and Saturn provides new insight to revealing the energy dissipation in planetary magnetospheres.