bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequences of Three
Flavobacterium psychrophilum
Strains Isolated from Coldwater Disease Outbreaks at Three Production Hatcheries
Authors: Neiger Regg , Thomas Milton , Das Seema , Barnes Michael , Fletcher Brian , Snekvik Kevin , Thompson Jim , Scaria Joy 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the genome sequences of three
Flavobacterium psychrophilum
strains causing a bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) outbreak, isolated from infected rainbow trout from hatcheries in Montana and South Dakota. The availability of these virulent outbreak-causing strain genome sequences will help further understand the pathogenesis of BCWD.
Genome Sequences of Five Clinical Isolates of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Lopez L. Letti , Rusconi Brigida , Gildersleeve Heidi , Qi Chao , McLaughlin Milena , Scheetz Marc H. , Seshu J. , Eppinger Mark 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Klebsiella pneumoniae
is a nosocomial pathogen of emerging importance and displays resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as carbapenems. Here, we report the genome sequences of five clinical
K. pneumoniae
isolates
,
four of which are carbapenem resistant. Carbapenem resistance is conferred by hydrolyzing class A β-lactamases found adjacent to transposases.
Genome Sequence of
Elizabethkingia anophelis
Strain EaAs1, Isolated from the Asian Malaria Mosquito
Anopheles stephensi
Authors: Raygoza Garay Juan Antonio , Hughes Grant L. , Koundal Vikas , Rasgon Jason L. , Mwangi Michael M. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

We sequenced the genome of a strain of the Gram-negative bacterial species
Elizabethkingia anophelis
, which is an important component of the
Anopheles
mosquito microbiome. This genome sequence will add to the list of resources used to examine host-microbe interactions in mosquitoes.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Nitrosomonas ureae
Strain Nm10, an Oligotrophic Group 6a Nitrosomonad
Authors: Kozlowski Jessica A. , Kits K. Dimitri , Stein Lisa Y. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

The complete genome of
Nitrosomonas ureae
strain Nm10, a mesophilic betaproteobacterial ammonia oxidizer isolated from Mediterranean soils in Sardinia, Italy, is reported here. This genome represents a cluster 6a nitrosomonad.
Draft Genome Sequences of FungusAspergillus calidoustus
Authors: Horn Fabian , Linde Jörg , Mattern Derek J. , Walther Grit , Guthke Reinhard , Scherlach Kirstin , Martin Karin , Brakhage Axel A. , Petzke Lutz , Valiante Vito 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTHere, we report the draft genome sequence ofAspergillus calidoustus(strain SF006504).The functional annotation ofA. calidoustuspredicts a relatively large number of secondary metabolite gene clusters. The presented genome sequence builds the basis for further genome mining.
Whole-Genome Sequence of
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Tü3298
Authors: Moran Josephine C. , Horsburgh Malcolm J. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus epidermidis
Tü3298 is a frequently used laboratory strain, known for its production of epidermin and absence of the
icaABCD
operon. We report the whole-genome sequence of this strain, a 2.5-kb genome containing 2,332 genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Acinetobacter bereziniae
HPC229, a Carbapenem-Resistant Clinical Strain from Argentina Harboring
bla
NDM-1
Authors: Brovedan Marco , Marchiaro Patricia M. , Morán-Barrio Jorgelina , Revale Santiago , Cameranesi Marcela , Brambilla Luciano , Viale Alejandro M. , Limansky Adriana S. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of an NDM-1-producing
Acinetobacter bereziniae
clinical strain, HPC229. This strain harbors both plasmid and chromosomal resistance determinants toward different β-lactams and aminoglycosides as well as several types of multidrug efflux pumps, most likely representing an adaptation strategy for survival under different environments.
Genome Sequences of Two
Pseudomonas syringae
pv. tomato Race 1 Strains, Isolated from Tomato Fields in California
Authors: Thapa Shree P. , Coaker Gitta 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas syringae
pv. tomato race 1 strains have evolved to overcome genetic resistance in tomato. Here, we present the draft genome sequences of two race 1
P. syringae
pv. tomato strains, A9 and 407, isolated from diseased tomato plants in California.
Genomic Sequence of the First Porcine Rotavirus Group H Strain in the United States
Authors: Hull Jennifer J. , Marthaler Douglas , Rossow Stephanie , Ng Terry Fei Fan , Montmayeur Anna M. , Magana Laura , Moon Sung-Sil , Jiang Baoming 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
The genomic sequence of a rotavirus group H was identified in the intestine of a diarrheal pig in the United States, designated RVH/Pig-wt/USA/MN9.65/2008/GxP[x].
How well does the capillary thyroid-stimulating hormone test for newborn thyroid screening predict the venous free thyroxine level?
Authors: Pokrovska Tzveta , Jones Jeremy , Shaikh M Guftar , Smith Sarah , Donaldson Malcolm D C 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesTo determine, in newborn infants referred with elevated capillary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), a threshold below which a frankly subnormal venous free thyroxine (fT4) level of <10 pmol/L is unlikely, so that treatment with levo-thyroxine (L-T4) might be deferred until venous thyroid function tests (TFTs) become available.Subjects and methodsAll infants referred in Scotland since 1979 with capillary TSH elevation were studied, with particular focus on infants screened using the AutoDELFIA assay between 2002 and 2013.ResultsOf the 321 infants referred with capillary TSH elevation using AutoDELFIA, 35 were excluded (fT4/TSH unavailable (12), venous sample either preceding or >10 days after capillary sampling (13, 10)), leaving 286 eligible for analysis (208 definite/probable hypothyroidism, 61 transient TSH elevation, 17 of uncertain thyroid status). Capillary TSH and venous T4 were strongly correlated (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient −0.707355). The optimal capillary TSH threshold for predicting a venous fT4 of <10 pmol/L was found to be >40 mU/L (90.3% sensitivity and 65.9% specificity compared with 90.25% and 59.1% for >35 mU/L and 88.3% and 68.2% for >45 mU/L). 93 infants (32.5%) had capillary TSH ≤40 mU/L at referral of whom 15 (9.7%) had venous fT4 <10 pmol/L, comprising seven with true congenital hypothyroidism, five with transient TSH elevation and three with uncertain status, two of whom died.ConclusionFor infants in whom capillary TSH is ≤40 mU/L, it is reasonable to defer L-T4 treatment until venous TFT results are known provided that the latter become available quickly.
Household survey analysis of the impact of comprehensive strategies to improve the expanded programme on immunisation at the county level in western China, 2006–2010
Authors: Zhou Yuqing , Xing Yi , Liang Xiaofeng , Yue Chenyan , Zhu Xu , Hipgrave David 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate interventions to improve routine vaccination coverage and caregiver knowledge in China's remote west, where routine immunisation is relatively weak.DesignProspective pre–post (2006–2010) evaluation in project counties; retrospective comparison based on 2004 administrative data at baseline and surveyed post-intervention (2010) data in selected non-project counties.SettingFour project counties and one non-project county in each of four provinces.Participants3390 children in project counties at baseline, and 3299 in project and 830 in non-project counties post-intervention; and 3279 caregivers at baseline, and 3389 in project and 830 in non-project counties post-intervention.InterventionMulticomponent inexpensive knowledge-strengthening and service-strengthening and innovative, multisectoral engagement.Data collectionStandard 30-cluster household surveys of vaccine coverage and caregiver interviews pre-intervention and post-intervention in each project county. Similar surveys in one non-project county selected by local authorities in each province post-intervention. Administrative data on vaccination coverage in non-project counties at baseline.Primary outcome measuresChanges in vaccine coverage between baseline and project completion (2010); comparative caregiver knowledge in all counties in 2010.AnalysisCrude (χ2) analysis of changes and differences in vaccination coverage and related knowledge. Multiple logistic regression to assess associations with timely coverage.ResultsTimely coverage of four routine vaccines increased by 21% (p<0.001) and hepatitis B (HepB) birth dose by 35% (p<0.001) over baseline in project counties. Comparison with non-project counties revealed secular improvement in most provinces, except new vaccine coverage was mostly higher in project counties. Ethnicity, province, birthplace, vaccination site, dual-parental out-migration and parental knowledge had significant associations with coverage. Knowledge increased for all variables but one in project counties (highest p<0.05) and was substantially higher than in non-project counties (p<0.01).ConclusionsComprehensive but inexpensive strategies improved vaccination coverage and caretaker knowledge in western China. Establishing multisectoral leadership, involving the education sector and including immunisation in public-sector performance standards, are affordable and effective interventions.
Prevalence of alcohol and drug use in injured British Columbia drivers
Authors: Brubacher Jeffrey R , Chan Herbert , Martz Walter , Schreiber William , Asbridge Mark , Eppler Jeffrey , Lund Adam , Macdonald Scott , Drummer Olaf , Purssell Roy , Andolfatto Gary , Mann Robert , Brant Rollin 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesDetermine the prevalence of drug use in injured drivers and identify associated demographic factors and crash characteristics.DesignProspective cross-sectional study.SettingSeven trauma centres in British Columbia, Canada (2010–2012).ParticipantsAutomobile drivers who had blood obtained within 6 h of a crash.Main outcome measuresWe analysed blood for cannabis, alcohol and other impairing drugs using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LCMS).Results1097 drivers met inclusion criteria. 60% were aged 20–50 years, 63.2% were male and 29.0% were admitted to hospital. We found alcohol in 17.8% (15.6% to 20.1%) of drivers. Cannabis was the second most common recreational drug: cannabis metabolites were present in 12.6% (10.7% to 14.7%) of drivers and we detected Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-9-THC) in 7.3% (5.9% to 9.0%), indicating recent use. Males and drivers aged under 30 years were most likely to use cannabis. We detected cocaine in 2.8% (2.0% to 4.0%) of drivers and amphetamines in 1.2% (0.7% to 2.0%). We also found medications including benzodiazepines (4.0% (2.9% to 5.3%)), antidepressants (6.5% (5.2% to 8.1%)) and diphenhydramine (4.7% (3.5% to 6.2%)). Drivers aged over 50 years and those requiring hospital admission were most likely to have used medications. Overall, 40.1% (37.2% to 43.0%) of drivers tested positive for alcohol or at least one impairing drug and 12.7% (10.7% to 14.7%) tested positive for more than one substance.ConclusionsAlcohol, cannabis and a broad range of other impairing drugs are commonly detected in injured drivers. Alcohol is well known to cause crashes, but further research is needed to determine the impact of other drug use, including drug–alcohol and drug–drug combinations, on crash risk. In particular, more work is needed to understand the role of medications in causing crashes to guide driver education programmes and improve public safety.
Pregnancy history and current use of contraception among women of reproductive age in Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda: analysis of demographic and health survey data
Authors: Bakibinga Pauline , Matanda Dennis J , Ayiko Rogers , Rujumba Joseph , Muiruri Charles , Amendah Djesika , Atela Martin 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between pregnancy history and the use of contraception among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in East Africa.MethodsDemographic and Health Surveys data from Burundi (2010), Kenya (2008–2009), Rwanda (2010), Tanzania (2010) and Uganda (2011) were used in the analysis. Logistic regression was used to determine the effects of women's pregnancy history on their use of contraception.SettingBurundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.Participants3226, 2377, 4396, 3250 and 2596 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) from Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda, respectively, were included in the analysis.ResultsWomen who had experienced a mistimed pregnancy were more likely to use a modern contraceptive method during their most recent sexual encounter in Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi and Uganda. Other significant correlates of women's contraceptive use were: desire for more children, parity, household wealth, maternal education and access information through radio. In-country regional differences on use of modern contraceptive methods were noted across five East African countries.ConclusionsWomen's birth histories were significantly associated with their decision to adopt a modern contraceptive method. This highlights the importance of considering women's birth histories, especially women with mistimed births, in the promotion of contraceptive use in East Africa. Variations as a result of place of residency, educational attainment, access to family planning information and products, and wealth ought to be addressed in efforts to increase use of modern contraceptive methods in the East African region.
Cross-sectional survey of Good Samaritan behaviour by physicians in North Carolina
Authors: Garneau William M , Harris Dean M , Viera Anthony J 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveTo assess the responses of physicians to providing emergency medical assistance outside of routine clinical care. We assessed the percentage who reported previous Good Samaritan behaviour, their responses to hypothetical situations, their comfort providing specific interventions and the most likely reason they would not intervene.SettingPhysicians residing in North Carolina.ParticipantsConvenience sample of 1000 licensed physicians.InterventionMailed survey.DesignCross-sectional study conducted May 2015 to September 2015.Main outcome and measuresWillingness of physicians to act as Good Samaritans as determined by the last opportunity to intervene in an out-of-office emergency.ResultsThe adjusted response rate was 26.1% (253/970 delivered). 4 out of 5 physicians reported previous opportunities to act as Good Samaritans. Approximately, 93% reported acting as a Good Samaritan during their last opportunity. There were no differences in this outcome between sexes, practice setting, specialty type or experience level. Doctors with greater perceived knowledge of Good Samaritan law were more likely to have intervened during a recent opportunity (p=0.02). The most commonly cited reason for potentially not intervening was that another health provider had taken charge.ConclusionsWe found the frequency of Good Samaritan behaviour among physicians to be much higher than reported in previous studies. Greater helping behaviour was exhibited by those who expressed more familiarity with Good Samaritan law. These findings suggest that physicians may respond to legal protections.
Endovascular management of renal artery aneurysms using the multilayer flow modulator
Authors: Sultan Sherif , Basuoniy Alawy Mahmoud , Flaherty Rita , Kavanagh Edel P , Elsherif Mohamed , Elhelali Ala , Stefanov Florian , Lundon Violet , Hynes Niamh 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveOur aim was to describe our experience of the Multilayer Flow Modulator (MFM, Cardiatis, Isnes, Belgium) used in the treatment of type III renal artery aneurysms (RAA).MethodsThis is a single-centre study. 3 patients (2 men and 1 woman; mean age 59 years; range 41–77 years) underwent treatment of a type III renal artery aneurysm using the MFM. The indications were a 23.9 mm type III RAA at the bifurcation of the upper and lower pole vessels, with 4 side branches; a 42.4 mm type III saccular RAA at the renal hilum; and a 23 mm type III RAA at the origin of the artery, supplying the upper pole.ResultsPatients had a mean follow-up of 27 months, and were assessed by perioperative renal function tests, and repeat postoperative CT scan. There were no immediate postoperative complications or mortality. The first patient's aneurysm shrank by 8.6 mm, from 23.9 to 15.3 mm over 19 months, with all 4 side branches remaining patent. The largest aneurysm at 42.4 mm completely thrombosed, while the renal artery remained patent to the kidney. The final patient refused to have any follow-up scans but had no deterioration in renal function below 30 mL/min, and no further symptoms reported.ConclusionsThe MFM is safe and effective in the management of patients with complex renal artery aneurysms. The MFM can be used to treat branched or distal renal artery aneurysms with exclusion of the aneurysm from the circulation, while successfully preserving the flow to the side branches and kidney. Initial results are promising, however, longer follow-up and a larger cohort are required to prove the effectiveness of this emerging technology.
Effects of paediatric HIV infection on electrical conduction of the heart
Authors: Idris Nikmah S , Cheung Michael M H , Grobbee Diederick E , Burgner David , Kurniati Nia , Djer Mulyadi M , Uiterwaal Cuno S P M 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of HIV infection in children on heart electrical conduction, particularly to delineate the effects of HIV infection from treatment.MethodsOn a 12-lead ECG, available for 37 antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve, 42 ART-exposed vertically-acquired HIV-infected and 50 healthy children in Jakarta, Indonesia, we measured cardiac conduction parameters: PR, QRS, and QTc (corrected using Bazett's formula) intervals. The associations between HIV infection/treatment status and ECG intervals were evaluated using general linear modelling with further adjustment for potential confounders or intermediary variables. Findings are presented as (adjusted) mean differences between each of the two HIV groups and healthy children.ResultsAlthough not exceeding the clinical threshold for long QT (QTc >460 ms for girls and >440 ms for boys) compared to healthy children, mean QTc intervals were longer in ART-naïve (difference 18.2 ms, 95% CI 7.0 to 29.3) and, to greater extent, in ART-exposed HIV-infected children (difference 28.9 ms, 19.3 to 38.5). Following adjustment for RR interval, age and height, prolongation of PR interval was seen only in ART-naïve HIV-infected children (difference 12.9 ms, 2.4 to 23.3). Cardiac mass/function, high-sensitive C reactive protein, cholesterol and glycated haemoglobin levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, or postnatal parental smoking exposure did not affect these associations. No difference in the QRS interval was observed between groups.ConclusionsProlongation of the QTc interval occurs in ART-naïve HIV-infected children and, to a greater extent, in the ART-exposed children, whereas a longer PR interval appears to be seen only among ART-naïve HIV-infected children.
Mass of the electroweak monopole
Authors: Kimm Kyoungtae , Yoon J. H. , Oh S. H. , Cho Y. M. 
Published: March 2016

We present three independent methods to estimate the mass of the electroweak monopole. Our result strongly implies the existence of a genuine electroweak monopole of mass around 4–10 TeV, which could be detected by MoEDAL at present Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We emphasize that the discovery of the electroweak monopole should be the final test of the Standard Model.
Interactions and growth of faults in an outcrop-scale system
Authors: Nicol A. , Childs C. , Walsh J. J. , Manzocchi T. , Schöpfer M. P. J. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Fault growth could be achieved by (1) synchronous increases in displacement and length or (2) rapid fault propagation succeeded by displacement-dominated growth. The second of these growth models (here referred to as the constant length model) is rarely applied to small outcrop-scale faults, yet it can account for many of the geometric and kinematic attributes of these faults. The constant length growth model is supported here using displacement profiles, displacement–length relationships and tip geometries for a system of small strike-slip faults (lengths of 1–200 m and maximum displacements of 0.001–3 m) exposed in a coastal platform in New Zealand. Displacement profiles have variable shapes that mainly reflect varying degrees of fault interaction. Increasing average displacement gradients with increasing fault size (maximum displacement and length) may indicate that the degree of interaction increases with fault size. Horsetail and synthetic splays confined to fault-tip regions are compatible with little fault propagation during much of the growth history. Fault displacements and tip geometries are consistent with a two-stage growth process initially dominated by propagation followed by displacement accumulation on faults with near-constant lengths. Retardation of propagation may arise due to fault interactions and associated reduction of tip stresses, with the early transition from propagation- to displacement-dominated growth stages produced by fault-system saturation (i.e. the onset of interactions between all faults). The constant length growth model accounts for different fault types over a range of scales and may have wide application.
Cytochrome P450 Allele CYP3A7*1C Associates with Adverse Outcomes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Breast, and Lung Cancer
Authors: Johnson Nichola , De Ieso Paolo , Migliorini Gabriele , Orr Nick , Broderick Peter , Catovsky Daniel , Matakidou Athena , Eisen Timothy , Goldsmith Christy , Dudbridge Frank , Peto Julian , dos-Santos-Silva Isabel , Ashworth Alan , Ross Gillian , Houlston Richard S. , Fletcher Olivia 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
CYP3A enzymes metabolize endogenous hormones and chemotherapeutic agents used to treat cancer, thereby potentially affecting drug effectiveness. Here, we refined the genetic basis underlying the functional effects of a CYP3A haplotype on urinary estrone glucuronide (E1G) levels and tested for an association between CYP3A genotype and outcome in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), breast, or lung cancers. The most significantly associated SNP was rs45446698, an SNP that tags the CYP3A7*1C allele; this SNP was associated with a 54% decrease in urinary E1G levels. Genotyping this SNP in 1,008 breast cancer, 1,128 lung cancer, and 347 CLL patients, we found that rs45446698 was associated with breast cancer mortality (HR, 1.74; P = 0.03), all-cause mortality in lung cancer patients (HR, 1.43; P = 0.009), and CLL progression (HR, 1.62; P = 0.03). We also found borderline evidence of a statistical interaction between the CYP3A7*1C allele, treatment of patients with a cytotoxic agent that is a CYP3A substrate, and clinical outcome (Pinteraction = 0.06). The CYP3A7*1C allele, which results in adult expression of the fetal CYP3A7 gene, is likely to be the functional allele influencing levels of circulating endogenous sex hormones and outcome in these various malignancies. Further studies confirming these associations and determining the mechanism by which CYP3A7*1C influences outcome are required. One possibility is that standard chemotherapy regimens that include CYP3A substrates may not be optimal for the approximately 8% of cancer patients who are CYP3A7*1C carriers. Cancer Res; 76(6); 1485–93. ©2016 AACR.