bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing risk and reward: exploring women’s transactional sexual relationships with Blessers in South Africa
Authors: George Gavin , Maqsood Leena , Sprague Courtenay 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTransactional sexual relationships (TSRs) take varied forms, with research emphasizing TSRs’ inherent risks, primarily to women. In South Africa, Blessed relationships have emerged as a prominent type of TSR. Blessers have become coveted male partners due to their relative wealth and willingness to ‘bless’ female partners with financial and material gifts, as well as the improved social status that accompanies such partnerships. Given the limited literature on Blesser partnerships, we investigated women’s implicit and explicit negotiated rewards and their perceived risk and ability to employ risk mitigation strategies, utilizing risk as a sociological concept to enhance understanding of risks women assume, and subsequent gendered implications. This qualitative study was conducted in 2017-2018 in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province, South Africa, a high HIV prevalence setting, with 22 women, using purposive and snowball sampling methods. We found that women in relationships with a Blesser recognize and navigate a number of risks, including: the threat of HIV acquisition, falling pregnant, experiencing an emotional void following a TSR, and expressed feelings of guilt and shame, as segments of South African society remain judgmental of TSRs. These risks are then weighed against the pursuit of sustained financial and social rewards achieved through such relationships.
Preserving the symmetry of cis-1,2-difluoroethylene in the gas-phase heterodimer with hydrogen chloride: A microwave rotational study revealing a novel structure
Authors: Leung Helen O. , Marshall Mark D. 
Published: September 2024

The microwave spectra of three isotopologues of the gas-phase heterodimer formed between cis-1,2-difluoroethylene and hydrogen chloride are obtained in the 5–21 GHz region using Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. The molecular structure, determined from the analysis of the spectra and supported by quantum chemistry calculations, has the hydrogen atom of the hydrogen chloride molecule interacting with both fluorine atoms of the fluoroethylene and no interaction between the chlorine atom and the olefin. Although the equilibrium structure has two inequivalent H⋯F interactions, zero-point motion averages over the two equivalent choices for these interactions, rendering the pairs of like atoms (C, H, and F) of the fluoroethylene equivalent, retaining the C2v symmetry of the olefin. This results in only one unique singly substituted 13C isotopologue and in the observed effects on transition intensities due to nuclear spin statistics. The heterodimer structure allows for a strong, linear hydrogen bond between the HCl donor and the fluoroethylene acceptor that is more important here than in the analogous acetylene containing complex, where the interaction between the π electrons of acetylene and an electrophilic hydrogen atom on the olefin compensates for the loss of linearity required for binding to a geminal F/H pair.
A proposal for the evaluation of multimodal argumentation
Authors: Tseronis Assimakis , Younis Ramy , Üzelgün Mehmet Ali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We argue that the evaluation of multimodal arguments needs to take into account the semiotic resources used to
communicate them as well as the context in which they are produced and interpreted. Thus, in addition to the critical questions
pertaining to the scheme that help assess the internal cogency of the argument and thereby its reasonableness, we propose asking
questions regarding the cognitive and rhetorical dimensions of the argument in order to assess how effectively the semiotic design
helps the addressee to process it and how effectively it is adjusted to the audience and context. To illustrate our proposal for a
three-dimensional evaluation of multimodal argumentation, we analyze comparatively three environmental campaign posters that
present in varying degrees of semiotic complexity the negative consequences of not taking action regarding the protection of the
environment.
Translating Erich Prunč
Authors: Blum Hanna , Schögler Rafael Y. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this short introduction to our translation of Erich Prunč’s Zur Konstruktion von
Translationskulturen (2008a), we shed light on the scholar Erich Prunč,
provide some background to the concept of “Translationskultur,” and explain some aspects of our translatorial decisions that
readers will encounter in On the Construction of Translation Cultures.
Purely spatial frame-dragging and oblate spherodial refractive index as an optical analog to Kerr spacetime
Authors: Marquez Daniel F 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an optical analogy to the lightlike geodesics in spacetime with frame-dragging effects, particularly in Kerr spacetime. This was done by correspondingly equating parts of the deflection angle expression of the lightlike geodesics to that of the optical analog with gradient refractive index (GRIN). The resulting conditions of analogy separates the GRIN from the frame-dragging effects, yielding an oblate spheroidally symmetric GRIN expression and a new optical Lagrangian which situates such medium in a non-Euclidean background space. Such space is demostrated to possess a purely spatial frame-dragging effect. This analogy might suggest a generalized notion of analog magnetism or provide additional insights to studies on gravitational lensing and construction of optical analogs in the laboratory setting.
Irregular array optimization for beamforming with a polar coordinate-based partition coding approach
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Zhao Hualiang , Xu Xixin , Li Jianhua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
An innovative irregular array configuration optimization method for enhancing beamforming is introduced. This study presents partition coding to optimize sensor positioning and quantity of a non-uniform concentric circular array. This novel approach transcends traditional techniques by integrating structural partitioning and performance optimization to quantify the array’s geometry-performance correlation. Sensor candidate positions are mapped in polar coordinates, with each configuration translated into a sensor position matrix form. A significant innovation lies in the adaptation of the partition coding genetic algorithm to enhance the encoding of candidate positions and to refine crossover and mutation operations, underpinned by an elite retention strategy for selecting the optimal array configuration. Both simulation and experimental results substantiate the method’s effectiveness, achieving high-resolution acoustic mapping with commendably low computational complexity.
Research on the measurement mechanism of a six-axis force sensor based on a flexible hinge series–parallel hybrid
Authors: Wang Yongli , Jin Ke , Chang Lin , Pan Huimei , Cao Feifan , Xu ZiKang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Addressing the common limitations of current six-axis force sensors, including the degradation of strain gauge accuracy due to environmental influences and the necessity for a complete replacement when damaged, this paper proposes an innovative six-axis force sensor that integrates a hybrid serial–parallel structure featuring flexible hinges. The sensor’s bracket is designed using a combination of serial–parallel flexible hinges, which confer load distribution capabilities, are lightweight, have high strength, and facilitate replacement. The static force model and the overall stiffness model of the sensor were developed based on the 3-universal–prismatic–universal parallel mechanism theory, providing a theoretical foundation for evaluating the sensor’s performance. To validate the accuracy of the stiffness model, finite element software is utilized for simulation-based verification. Subsequently, a calibration experiment is performed on the sensor, yielding results that conclusively show an error margin of less than 5% between experimental and theoretical values, satisfying the design criteria for sensor measurement.
Robot error compensation strategy based on error sensitivity
Authors: Xu Shuo , Lv Hangyu , Han Ming , Jia Xiaohui , Liu Jinyue , Li Tiejun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Due to the errors in manufacturing and assembly, there are differences between the actual model and the theoretical model of the robot, which affects the positioning accuracy of the robot end-effector. In order to improve the accuracy of robot end-effector position, a robot error compensation strategy based on error sensitivity is proposed.Firstly, the robot kinematic model is established by Denavit–Hartenberg method, and the sensitivity of end-effector position error is analyzed. According to the influence degree of different kinematic parameters on the robot end-effector position accuracy in the whole workspace, different weights are given to different kinematic parameters. Secondly, the kinematic error model is established, and the redundancy of the error parameter matrix is analyzed to obtain an independent error model. Thirdly, based on the error sensitivity analysis, a weighted Levenberg–Marquard algorithm with adaptive penalty factor is proposed, and the kinematic parameters are iteratively identified. Finally, an error compensation experiment is carried out by using a universal serial six-degree-of-freedom robot. The experimental results show that the maximum error, mean absolute error and root mean square error of the position error on the test set are reduced by 90.75%, 89.86% and 95.64% respectively. The research in this paper provides a theoretical basis for robot end error compensation.
Inquiring into a spectral concept in the physics classroom
Authors: Ng Russell , Park Joonhyeong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We designed an inquiry activity to investigate the question ‘How transparent are transparent films and papers?’ Using an easily-replicable set up, we observed the effect of increasing the number of transparent films, thin papers and general papers between a light source and a light sensor. For each material, one sheet was added each time. The amount of light received was collected and graphed by a data logger. Our findings show that, as the number of sheets increases, the amount of light received at the receiver decreases. The general paper and thin paper stacks took 4 sheets and 10 sheets respectively to achieve negligible light transmittance. The transparent film stack did not achieve negligible light transmittance, but successive addition of sheets did lower transmittance. Evidently, transparent films are not perfectly transparent. Transparency (and opacity) is not a binary condition, but rather a continuum based on boundary conditions. The inquiry activity developed through this study, which investigates a spectrum of transparency in films and papers, may be useful for students to appreciate the spectral nature of the transparency concept across different materials.
Image of the solid-state rotary motion encoded in the dielectric response
Authors: Rams-Baron Marzena , Błażytko Alfred , Jurkiewicz Karolina , Lodowski Piotr , Książek Maria , Kusz Joachim , Mozga Witold , Fordymacka Marta , Teymouri Mahshid , Krzywik Julia , Paluch Marian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The future development of advanced molecular systems with controlled rotation requires the development of an effective methodology for assessing the rotational performance of artificial machine components. We identified two patterns of the dielectric behavior for polar rotators in a static non-polar framework of sizable crystal showing relations between the spectral and molecular-level features of solid-state rotary motion. Various functionalization of phenylene rotors with a fluorine atom(s) changed rotational performance from high to low with rotational barriers ranging from 6.06 to 11.84 kcal mol−1. The meta-F-substitution favored rotator-rotator contacts allowing for the implementation of fast rotary motion. Contrary, the presence of rotator-stator contacts inhibited independent rotator dynamics leading to opposite spectral behavior in terms of temperature evolution of loss peak amplitude. Our observations, supported by an analysis based on an asymmetric double well-potential model, show that easily noticeable spectral differences encoded some molecular-level information important for the implementation of rotary motion.
Performance improvement of red, green and blue InGaN micro-LEDs with distributed Bragg reflector
Authors: Ren Tianyang , Ruan Yuandong , Yan Lintao , Shan Xinyi , Shen Daqi , Tan Cuili , Cui Xugao , Tian Pengfei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Red–green–blue (RGB) micro light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) without distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), with air-separating DBR, and with integrated DBR, were demonstrated. The effect of the DBRs as reflectors on the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and electroluminescence spectra enhancement of RGB micro-LEDs was systematically investigated for realizing higher-performance micro-LEDs for display applications. At 5 A cm−2, the EQEs of the RGB micro-LEDs with integrated DBR were improved by 38%, 33%, and 32%, respectively, with comparison to the RGB DBR free micro-LEDs. Further, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the red micro-LEDs was reduced by 4.3 nm at 50 A cm−2 with the integrated DBR due to the higher enhancement of the central wavelength spectrum. The green and blue micro-LEDs with integrated DBR had higher EQE and the red micro-LEDs with integrated DBR had narrower FWHM compared to those with air-separating DBR. However, the peak wavelength of the RGB micro-LEDs with integrated DBR shifted, resulting in a lower color gamut in CIE 1931. The above work provides guidance for future full-color micro-display applications based on RGB InGaN micro-LED technology.
Defect-induced localization of information scrambling in 1D Kitaev model
Authors: Muruganandam Varadharajan , Sajjan Manas , Kais Sabre 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We discuss one-dimensional(1D) spin compass model or 1D Kitaev model in the presence of local bond defects. Three types of local disorders concerning both bond-nature and bond-strength that occur on kitaev materials have been investigated. Using exact diagonalization, two-point spin-spin structural correlations and four-point Out-of-Time-Order Correlators(OTOC) have been computed for the defective spin chains. The proposed quantities give signatures of these defects in terms of their responses to location and strength of defects. A key observation is that the information scrambling in the OTOC space gets trapped at the defect site giving rise to the phenomena of localization of information scrambling thus making these correlators a suitable diagnostic tool to detect and characterize these defects.
Research on Bursapherenchus Xylophophilus Disease Recognition Based on HSV Space
Authors: Luo Xuejiao , Deng Yage , Hu Yunxia , Xu Fangfang , Ye Tong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study aims at the shortcomings of traditional artificial ground detection methods for Bursapherenchus xylophophilus disease and applies HSV(Hue-Saturation-Value) color model to realize automatic identification of Bursapherenchus xylophophilus disease and determine its degree of disaster.The entire process is divided into forest data collection, image processing, nematode disease identification and grade determination.The study conducted repeated comparisons and adjusted HSV threshold tests to obtain the HSV threshold with optimal recognition results, and then identify Bursaphelenchus xylophophilus disease and calculate its disease severity. This method is simple to operate and has good identification effects. It can also effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of pine wood nematode diagnosis. It can be widely used in the field of agriculture and forestry to help better complete disease detection and carry out prevention and control measures more accurately, thereby effectively Protect forest natural resources and improve forestry production efficiency.
A Solar-Wind based EV Charging Station Model using MATLAB Simulink
Authors: Reddy Birudala Venkatesh , Chengaiah Prof. Ch. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Transportation is becoming more and more necessary every day. One such form of transportation that has been around for a century is the electric vehicle (EV). It has less of an effect on pollution, climate change, and resource depletion because it requires less resources. Many people find it challenging to charge their electric cars in off-grid locations, which lowers the uptake of EVs. In this scenario, a charging station powered by locally available renewable energy sources like solar, wind, biogas, and tidal energy would be a better option. In this paper an attempt has been made to examine a charging station model from renewable energy sources Solar and Wind. The solar-wind energy-based charging system drastically cuts down on the amount of fossil fuels used to generate electricity, which also minimizes emissions of CO2 and carbon-related pollutants. Wind and solar energy are used in conjunction and are complementary to one another. A charging controller which takes into account State of Charge (SOC), the number of linked EVs, and the arrival time of those EVs is used. The power transfer will be managed by this controller. By carefully considering each level, including the solar plant, wind plant, battery storage system, and controlling technology, the charging station is modeled in the best possible way. Simple model is used to describe each stage of the charging station, and designed with appropriate mathematical formulae. By understanding the demand for charging and pairing it with the appropriate energy storage system and auxiliary devices, this charging model can be used in off-grid locations.
Genus Level Classification of the Mangroves in Indian Sundarbans using Sentinel-2 Multispectral Imagery
Authors: Banerjee S , Bhadra T , Saha A , Mukherjee K , Sardar R , Roy S , Das R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Mangroves are the most productive ecosystems that provide stabilization to the coastlines, help in carbon sequestration, reduce storm surges, defend the coastal inhabitants and play a role in sustaining the local economy. Mangroves are halophytic in nature that typically thrive along tropical and subtropical coastlines in the saline intertidal zone. This paper explores the potentiality of Sentinel-2 MSI Imagery in separating different mangrove genus that has been evaluated using different classification algorithms like Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC), Mahalanobis Distance (MD), Minimum Distance (MD), Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), knowledge-based classifier such as Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The estimated accuracy is higher for Random Forest (88.50%) followed by Support Vector Machine (85.30%) and Maximum Likelihood Classifier (85.10%) as compared to Mahalanobis Distance (81.10%), Spectral Angle Mapper (71.20%), and Minimum Distance (75.30%). The result showed that Sentinel-2 Multispectral Imagery can efficiently discriminate 15 different mangrove genera distributed in the entire Indian Sundarbans and can simultaneously replace the barriers in terms of cost and availability of the spaceborne and airborne hyperspectral sensors.
Investigating the application of the aquaponic paradigm to Litopenaeus vannamei farming
Authors: Phu Quoc Dao , Phuong Anh Tran , Thi Trang Le , Duc Anh Dinh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aquaponics, a sustainable farming system combining aquaculture and hydroponics, has been widely adopted, used, particularly in freshwater. This study explores the feasibility of adapting the aquaponic model to saltwater conditions, specifically for wastewater treatment from Litopenaeus vannamei farming using the salt-tolerant plant species Rhizophora apiculata Blume. It focuses on plant development and calculates the water treatment effectiveness in terms of nutrient removal in mg of NH4
+, NO2
−, NO3
−, and total phosphorus per gram of plant mass. The first phase involved seedling production, model creation, and testing the plant’s wastewater treatment capabilities. After three months of growth, the plants are subjected to shrimp wastewater, and their nutrient removal efficiency is determined. The obtained data provides essential parameters for the operation of the model during Phase 2. In Phase 1, R. apiculata Blume removed NH4
+, NO2
−, NO3
−, and total phosphorus at 95%, 97%, 59%, and 57% efficiency after seven days, respectively. It focuses on plant development and quantifies the efficiency of water treatment by measuring the removal of nutrients such as NH4
+, NO2
−, NO3
−, and total phosphorus per gram of plant mass.The calculated nutrient removal coefficients per gram of plant mass are NH4
+: 0.007, NO2
−: 0.005, NO3
−: 0.031 and total phosphorus: 0.121. In Phase 2, the designed aquaponic model was developed, which included a shrimp tank with 300 individuals per 1 m3, a fish tank with 50 individuals per 0.5 m3, and a plant growing system. The experimental aquaponic model demonstrates the technical feasibility of using R. apiculata Blume to recycle water in shrimp farming. The model shows potential for scaling up and offers additional benefits, as the leaves R. apiculata of can serve as an herbal source for aquatic species.
Surface charge characteristics in a three-electrode surface dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: FAN 范 Jingwen 静雯 , YAN 闫 Huijie 慧杰 , LI 李 Ting 婷 , MAO 毛 Yurong 钰溶 , LI 李 Jiaqi 佳琪 , SONG 宋 Jian 健 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The surface charge characteristics in a three-electrode surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) are experimentally investigated based on the Pockels effect of an electro-optical crystal. The actuator is based on the most commonly used SDBD structure for airflow control, with an exposed electrode supplied with sinusoidal AC high voltage, a grounded encapsulated electrode and an additional exposed electrode downstream supplied with DC voltage. The ionic wind velocity and thrust can be significantly improved by increasing DC voltage although the plasma discharge characteristics are virtually unaffected. It is found that the negative charges generated by the discharge of the three-electrode structure accumulate on the dielectric surface significantly further downstream in an AC period compared to the actuator with a two-electrode structure. The negative charges in the downstream region increase as the DC voltage increases. In addition, the DC voltage affects the time required for the positive charge filaments to decay. The positive DC voltage expands the ionic acceleration zone downstream to produce a greater EHD force. The amplitude of the DC voltage affects the electric field on the dielectric surface and is therefore a key factor in the formation of the EHD force. Further research on the surface charge characteristics of a three-electrode structure has been conducted using a pulse power to drive the discharge, and the same conclusions are drawn. This work demonstrates a link between surface charge characteristics and EHD performance of a three-electrode SDBD actuator.