bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions to improve the quality of low back pain care in emergency departments: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Flanagan Pippa , Waller Robert , Lin Ivan , Richards Karen , Truter Piers , Machado Gustavo C. , Cavalheri Vinicius 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLow back pain (LBP) is a common reason people visit Emergency Departments (ED). However, the care provided is often not aligned with guideline recommendations. Despite increasing research aiming to promote guideline-based care in EDs, interventions to best implement recommendations are unknown. This study aimed to identify ED LBP implementation interventions that have been trialed and evaluate their effects on ED-relevant outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis, including studies that evaluated interventions to improve the quality of care provided to adults presenting to ED with LBP. Databases searched until May 2023 were Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMBASE (via OVID), and PEDro. Interventions were categorized according to whether they had a patient, clinician, health service, or multiple-level focus. Where possible, meta-analysis was undertaken. Certainty around the results was assessed using the GRADE criteria. Twenty-eight studies were included. Interventions were categorized as patient (n = 2), clinician (n = 8), health service (n = 12), or multiple-level (n = 6) targeted. Overall, interventions successfully reduced the likelihood of receiving an opioid in ED (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.55–0.75). However, no significant effect on lumbar imaging was demonstrated (OR 0.85; 95% CI 0.64–1.12). Subgroup analyses showed that studies reporting high baseline imaging rates ≥ 36% and those that included systems-based changes significantly reduced imaging (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.39–0.93; and OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.45–0.94, respectively). A small reduction in ED length of stay was observed in the group exposed to the LBP interventions (mean difference − 0.38 h; 95% CI − 0.58 to − 0.17). Overall, certainty of evidence was deemed low to very low. Interventions were mostly single-system focused with a preference for education-based implementation strategies targeting patients or clinicians. The interventions reduced the use of opioid medication for LBP in ED, but the effects on lumbar imaging rates were uncertain. Further high-quality research is needed to improve LBP care in this setting.
The Flint Water Crisis and the Perpetuation of Environmental Racism in Flint, Michigan (2014–2018)
Authors: Okunade Olugbenga 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe nexus between environmental racism and racial capitalism has been well documented. However, the government is often blamed for the perpetuation of some forms of environmental racism. Nonetheless, blaming the government for environmental racism without documenting some actions and policy implementation by the government to mitigate or prevent the re-occurrence of environmental racism tends to be a one-sided view. Consequently, this study examines how the American government plays some roles in the occurrence of environmental racism, that is, the Flint Water Crisis (FWC) in Michigan. Racial capitalism theory is used as a theoretical lens in this study. Racial capitalism, historical residential housing policies, anti-blackness or devaluation of Black bodies, the appointment of Emergency Financial Managers, environmental racism, neoliberalism, laissez-faire, and color-blind racism were the mechanisms driving the occurrence of the FWC. The different actions and policies that were taken by the American government to mitigate or prevent the re-emergence of FWC were also documented. Although, these actions were taken after the occurrence of the FWC. The materials-based method (secondary data) was not only adopted to provide answers to the research question that this study answered but was also used to explain the global dynamic and operation of racial capitalism.
Evaluating trait variation and covariation in perennial, herbaceous crop candidate species using herbarium specimens
Authors: Rubin Matthew , Risano Anastasia M. , Bergh Emma , Sandoval Marissa , Mazumder Samantha , Sherrod Summer , Ciotir Claudia , Herron Sterling A. , Miller Allison J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractContemporary agriculture in many parts of the world consists of annual plant species grown in monoculture, but recently interest has focused on developing perennial, herbaceous species for use in perennial polycultures that offer greater ecosystem services relative to annual monocultures. Because few perennial, herbaceous species were domesticated by early farmers, one of the initial steps in identifying wild, perennial, herbaceous species for potential crop development is understanding patterns of variation and covariation among reproductive traits that underpin yield and vegetative traits. Herbaria can serve as a valuable resource for taxonomically broad surveys of phenotypic variation and covariation for pre-breeding. In this study, we used herbarium specimens to investigate trait variation and covariation in five genera of the legume family (Fabaceae). We addressed two questions: (1) do vegetative and reproductive traits vary as a function of life span (annual vs. perennial species), and are these differences consistent across genera?; and (2) how do vegetative and reproductive traits correlate with one another across lifespan and/or within genera? Reproductive traits and vegetative traits were measured on 535 herbarium specimens representing annual and perennial species of Astragalus, Lupinus, Phaseolus, Strophostyles, and Vigna. While species exhibited intra- and interspecific variation, few morphological differences were observed among annual and perennial species. Correlations among vegetative traits and among reproductive traits were mostly positive when significant, and perennial species generally exhibited more positive correlations between vegetative and reproductive traits than annual species. These data have potential relevance for perennial crop development, and provide further support that herbaria represent a rich, relatively untapped resource of information about plant trait variation and covariation.
Certified data chats for future used car markets
Authors: Engelmann Andreas , Schwabe Gerhard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsed car market platforms are interested in extending their offering from information provision to the whole customer journey. Providing certified data on the car’s state and history enables this extension by eliminating the need to physically inspect the car before buying it. Hence, communication and negotiations can move entirely to a used car platform to cover the entire value chain. How can such a market communication be designed when certified data come into play? This study designs and develops a certified data chat for the selective and controlled exchange of blockchain-based certified data in used car negotiations. An experimental market game is played with students to evaluate the usefulness of the chat. The study contributes to the augmentation of market communication with valuable and sensitive data exchange and demonstrates what a key component of a future used car market can look like. It offers three design principles and insight into why certified data chats are useful.
Wissenschaftsfreiheit unter Druck: Ein Plädoyer für die Ermittlung forschungsbefähigender Grundausstattungen von Professuren
Authors: Schimank Uwe 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag skizziert zunächst das Gesamtbild, welches sich im derzeitigen Hochschulsystem zum Zusammenhang von Forschungsfinanzierung und Gefährdungen der Wissenschaftsfreiheit zeigt. Darauf aufbauend wird der Vorschlag unterbreitet, sich der Grundausstattung von Professuren zuzuwenden. Es sollten diejenigen finanziellen Mittel, die nötig sind, damit eine Professur forschungsfähig ist, auf der subdisziplinären Ebene ermittelt werden. Damit würde den Bundesländern gezeigt, worin ihre Arbeitgeberpflicht besteht, damit ihre Mitarbeiter:innen ihrer Dienstpflicht Forschung adäquat nachkommen können.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): an adoptable technology for precise and smart farming
Authors: Makam Swetha , Komatineni Bharath Kumar , Meena Sanwal Singh , Meena Urmila 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe global population is rapidly increasing, so there is a critical requirement to satisfy the food production demand. Conventional methods of agriculture are inadequate to meet building demand which leads to declining farming sector and adaptable to other industries. Most of the farming activities are highly dependent on the labor which leads to increase in cost and time of operation. The rapid growth of mechanization for all farm activities cannot completely reduce the human involvement. As a result, agricultural automation is critically important. In terms of automation, this study emphasizes the crucial role of UAVs in precision and smart agriculture. The adoption of drones for various farm operations has the possibility to minimize labor requirements as well as operational time. This review provides overview of conceptual design, command flow operation, Micro-controller boards, remote-control systems and attachments like sensors, cameras, motors in UAVs for the purpose of automation in farm activities. The Internet of Things (IoT) employed in UAVs with image processing and machine learning algorithms provides accurate and precision results in farm activities. Furthermore, this study discusses future advancements, limitations and challenges for farmers in adapting to UAVs.
Graphical Abstract
Determinants of multiple maize technology package adoption in Ethiopia: evidence from the Sidama region
Authors: Guye Ashenafi , Tefera Tewodros , Sileshi Million , Edriss Abdi-Khalil 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe adoption of improved agricultural technology packages is vital in Ethiopia, as the expansion of cultivable land appears nearly exhausted and population size has skyrocketed. However, the country has shown a low adoption rate. Thus, this study aimed to explore the factors that hinder or facilitate the adoption of multiple maize technology packages and intensity of adoption in the northern Sidama zone of Ethiopia. A multistage sampling procedure was applied to gather cross-sectional data from 424 farm households owning 545 maize plots. A multivariate probit and two-limit Tobit models were applied to address the study objectives. The conditional probability results confirmed that maize technology packages are complementary (positive relationship). This infers that agriculture-focused policies that influence the adoption of a single component of technology packages can have a reinforcing advantage over the adoption of other technologies. Furthermore, the results from the models showed that farmers with greater experience, family size, plot size, livestock and oxen ownership, number of maize plots owned, off-farm income, access to credit, extension services and membership in institutions are more likely to adopt at least one of the improved technology packages and achieved a better status of intensity of adoption. Therefore, it is crucial to reinforce and deliver quality extension services, provide credit access, motivate youth to be involved in farming activities, inspire membership and ease the system to access inputs and technologies for broader adoption of technology packages.
Analysis of cell signaling profiles induced by DNA aptamer-based FGFR1 agonist
Authors: Hoshiyama Junya , Hayata Yuri , Eguchi Akihiro , Morimoto Jumpei , Ueki Ryosuke , Sando Shinsuke 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDNA aptamers have attracted attention as an alternative modality for biomolecules due to their excellent target binding specificity and thermal stability, and they are also expected to be applied as artificial agonists for receptor proteins. DNA aptamer agonist TD0 targeting the receptor of fibroblast growth factor (FGFR), which plays an important role in the fields of wound healing and regenerative medicine, has been reported to induce cellular responses as well as its native ligands. However, it was also noted that there were some different responses upon long-term stimulation, suggesting that the intracellular signals induced by DNA aptamer agonist TD0 are different from those of natural ligands. In this paper, we comprehensively analyzed the intracellular signals induced by DNA aptamer agonist TD0 targeting FGFR1, and compared them with those by natural protein ligand FGF2. It was found that the intracellular signals were highly similar for short-term stimulation. On the other hand, the receptor and the downstream cellular signals showed different activation behaviors for long-time stimulation. Evaluating the stability and sustained activity of DNA aptamer agonist TD0 and FGF2 in the medium suggested that ligand stability may be important in properly regulating cellular responses.
Graphical Abstract
Proposed new definition for hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infections: results of a confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Reinoso Schiller Nicolás , Baier Claas , Dresselhaus Isabella , Loderstädt Ulrike , Schlüter Dirk , Eckmanns Tim , Scheithauer Simone 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjective:The present study aims to develop and discuss an extension of hospital-acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections (HA-SIs) definition which goes beyond the use of time parameters alone.Design:A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to test a suitable definition for HA-SI.Setting and Patients:A two-center cohort study was carried out at two tertiary public hospitals in the German state of lower Saxony. The study involved a population of 366 laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infected inpatients enrolled between March 2020 and August 2023.Results:The proposed model shows adequate fit indices (CFI.scaled = 0.959, RMSEA = 0.049). A descriptive comparison with existing classifications revealed strong features of our model, particularly its adaptability to specific regional outbreaks.Conclusion:The use of the regional incidence as a proxy variable to better define HA-SI cases represents a pragmatic and novel approach. The model aligns well with the latest scientific results in the literature. This work successfully unifies, within a single model, variables which the recent literature described as significant for the onset of HA-SI. Further potential improvements and adaptations of the model and its applications, such as automating the categorization process (in terms of hospital acquisition) or employing a comparable model for hospital-acquired influenza classification, are subjects open for discussion.
Strichartz estimates and global well-posedness of the cubic NLS on
Authors: Herr Sebastian , Kwak Beomjong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The optimal

$L^4$

-Strichartz estimate for the Schrödinger equation on the two-dimensional rational torus

$\mathbb {T}^2$

is proved, which improves an estimate of Bourgain. A new method based on incidence geometry is used. The approach yields a stronger

$L^4$

bound on a logarithmic time scale, which implies global existence of solutions to the cubic (mass-critical) nonlinear Schrödinger equation in

$H^s(\mathbb {T}^2)$

for any

$s>0$

and data that are small in the critical norm.
Pressure of a dilute spin-polarized Fermi gas: Lower bound
Authors: Lauritsen Asbjørn Bækgaard , Seiringer Robert 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We consider a dilute fully spin-polarized Fermi gas at positive temperature in dimensions

$d\in \{1,2,3\}$

. We show that the pressure of the interacting gas is bounded from below by that of the free gas plus, to leading order, an explicit term of order

$a^d\rho ^{2+2/d}$

, where a is the p-wave scattering length of the repulsive interaction and

$\rho $

is the particle density. The results are valid for a wide range of repulsive interactions, including that of a hard core, and uniform in temperatures at most of the order of the Fermi temperature. A central ingredient in the proof is a rigorous implementation of the fermionic cluster expansion of Gaudin, Gillespie and Ripka (Nucl. Phys. A, 176.2 (1971), pp. 237–260).
Sonic Figurations for the Anthropocene: A Musical Bestiary in the Compositions of Liza Lim
Authors: BROWNING JOSEPH , LIM LIZA 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article presents a musical bestiary, a collection of creatures found in the work of the composer Liza Lim. It is a thought experiment, meant to unsettle current ways of thinking about music and its relationship with the world. Centring our discussion on sonic figurations rather than on a composer’s works, we experiment with alternative musical ontologies and consider their lessons for understanding the role of contemporary art in a time of ecological breakdown. Thinking of Lim’s musical creations in terms of strange beasts inhabiting the Anthropocene draws out a range of themes – including uncanny ventriloquism, performer-instrument symbiosis, theatricalization and the everyday, musical mourning and witnessing – that might help make sense of the sensory and conceptual derangements of our time. The prose style and nonlinear format are likewise experimental, intended as provocations that we might read and write otherwise about music in the Anthropocene.
THE ACTUAL LOSS ILLUSION
Authors: Fell Andrew , Field Iain 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOn the orthodox account of the private law compensatory principle, the claimant is compensated for the loss that they actually suffered because of the defendant’s wrong. Although the principle has various exceptions, it is widely accepted in both case law and academic commentary. We argue that it is nevertheless flawed, both doctrinally and theoretically. Claimants are never really compensated for their actual loss, and, contrary to popular belief, leading theoretical accounts of private law compensation (corrective justice and the continuity thesis) suggest that a principle of compensation for actual loss is not desirable in any event.
The experience sampling methodology as a digital clinical tool for more person-centered mental health care: an implementation research agenda
Authors: Myin-Germeys Inez , Schick Anita , Ganslandt Thomas , Hajdúk Michal , Heretik Anton , Van Hoyweghen Ine , Kiekens Glenn , Koppe Georgia , Marelli Luca , Nagyova Iveta , Weermeijer Jeroen , Wensing Michel , Wolters Maria , Beames Joanne , de Allegri Manuela , di Folco Simona , Durstewitz Daniel , Katreniaková Zuzana , Lievevrouw Elisa , Nguyen Hoa , Pecenak Jan , Barne Islay , Bonnier Rafael , Brenner Manuel , Čavojská Natália , Dancik Daniel , Kurilla Adam , Niebauer Erica , Sotomayor-Enriquez Koraima , Schulte-Strathaus Julia , de Thurah Lena , Uyttebroek Lotte , Schwannauer Matthias , Reininghaus Ulrich 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis position paper by the international IMMERSE consortium reviews the evidence of a digital mental health solution based on Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM) for advancing person-centered mental health care and outlines a research agenda for implementing innovative digital mental health tools into routine clinical practice. ESM is a structured diary technique recording real-time self-report data about the current mental state using a mobile application. We will review how ESM may contribute to (1) service user engagement and empowerment, (2) self-management and recovery, (3) goal direction in clinical assessment and management of care, and (4) shared decision-making. However, despite the evidence demonstrating the value of ESM-based approaches in enhancing person-centered mental health care, it is hardly integrated into clinical practice. Therefore, we propose a global research agenda for implementing ESM in routine mental health care addressing six key challenges: (1) the motivation and ability of service users to adhere to the ESM monitoring, reporting and feedback, (2) the motivation and competence of clinicians in routine healthcare delivery settings to integrate ESM in the workflow, (3) the technical requirements and (4) governance requirements for integrating these data in the clinical workflow, (5) the financial and competence related resources related to IT-infrastructure and clinician time, and (6) implementation studies that build the evidence-base. While focused on ESM, the research agenda holds broader implications for implementing digital innovations in mental health. This paper calls for a shift in focus from developing new digital interventions to overcoming implementation barriers, essential for achieving a true transformation toward person-centered care in mental health.
Cricket, Literary Culture and In-Groups in Early Twentieth-Century Britain
Authors: Randall Ollie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article posits that team sports can provide fresh insights into the place of leisure pursuits in the lives, networks and outlooks of historical literary figures. The social and literary role of the Authors Eleven, a cricket side of London-based writers active between 1899 and 1912, is explored through three case studies. George Ives was a pioneering campaigner for gay rights, who used cricket to bolster his homosexual identity. E. W. Hornung, creator of the famous cricketer-thief Raffles, saw cricket as the ideal training – and analogy – for imperialism. And P. G. Wodehouse, author of the Jeeves and Wooster stories, first made his name writing cricket-filled magazine pieces. All three writers saw their involvement in cricket, particularly the Authors Eleven in-group, as an essential component of their social status. The Authors Eleven thus presents a potent example of embodied sociability, whereby the specific nature of what these individuals were doing together (in this case, playing cricket) has a bearing on their friendships and their intellectual outlooks. As ways of understanding the lives and cultural significance of historical figures, shared physical activity and embodied sociability need to be accorded much more importance than they have been hitherto.
Evidence for Wildland Fire Smoke Transport of Microbes From Terrestrial Sources to the Atmosphere and Back
Authors: Bonfantine Krista , Vuono David C. , Christner Brent C. , Moore Rachel , Fox Sam , Dean Timothy , Betancourt Doris , Watts Adam , Kobziar Leda N. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSmoke from wildland fires contains more diverse, viable microbes than typical ambient air, yet little is known about the sources and sinks of smoke‐borne microorganisms. Data from molecular‐based surveys suggest that smoke‐borne microorganisms originate from material associated with the vegetation and underlying soils that becomes aerosolized during combustion, however, the sources of microbes in smoke have not yet been experimentally assessed. To elucidate this link, we studied high‐intensity forest fires in the Fishlake National Forest, Utah, USA and applied source‐sink modeling to assemblages of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences recovered from samples of smoke, vegetation, and soil. Our results suggest that 70% of the bacterial taxa in smoke originated from the local aspen (Populus tremuloides) (33%) and soil (37%) communities. In comparison, 42% of bacteria in air sampled prior to the fires could be attributed to these terrestrial sources. When the bacterial assemblages in smoke were modeled as sources to the local communities, they contributed an average of 25% to the terrestrial sinks versus an estimated contribution of <4% from ambient air. Our results provide support for the role of wildland fire in bacterial dispersal and the working hypothesis that smoke is an environmental reservoir of microbes for receiving ecosystems.