bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uptake of radiolabeled 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl into Japanese quail egg compartments and embryo following air cell and albumen injection
Authors: Dean Karen M. , Baltos Leah D. , Marcell Allegra M. , Bohannon Meredith E.B. , Iwaniuk Andrew N. , Ottinger Mary Ann 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

The avian embryo is an excellent model for testing adverse developmental effects of environmental chemicals as well as uptake and movement of xenobiotics within the egg compartments. Before incubation at embryonic day 0, 14C 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (14C PCB 77) was injected into Japanese quail eggs either onto the air cell or into the albumen. All egg components were collected on embryonic day 1, 5, or 10, and concentrations of 14C PCB 77 were measured in various egg components (shell, membrane, yolk, albumen, and embryo). The results showed measurable 14C PCB 77 in all egg components, with changing concentrations in each egg component over the course of embryonic development. Specifically, concentrations in the shell content decreased between embryonic days 1 and 10, increased in albumen from embryonic days 1 to 5 and then decreased at embryonic day 10, and increased in both yolk and embryo from embryonic days 1 to 10. Vehicle and injection site both influenced 14C PCB 77 allantoic fluid concentrations, with little effect on other egg components except for the inner shell membrane. The fatty acid vehicle injected into the albumen yielded the highest 14C PCB 77 recovery. These findings demonstrate dynamic movement of toxicants throughout the egg components during avian embryonic development and a steady increase of relatively low levels of 14C PCB 77 in the embryo compared with the yolk, albumen, and shell, suggesting that embryonic uptake (i.e., exposure) mirrors utilization of egg components for nutrition and growth during development. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:126–135. © 2017 SETAC
Maternal health outcomes following the implementation of Janani Shishu Suraksha Yojana (JSSY) at a tertiary healthcare center in Rajasthan
Authors: Mahala Urmila , Mehta Seema 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the impact of the Janani Shishu Suraksha Yojana (JSSY) initiative on maternal health in terms of the number of prenatal checkup registrations, institutional deliveries, and maternal deaths. The aim of JSSY was to reduce maternal and infant mortality by promoting institutional delivery.MethodologyThe present retrospective descriptive study included data from all institutional deliveries that occurred at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mahila Chikitsalaya, SMS Medical College Jaipur, India, both before (between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2011) and after the implementation of JSSY (between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2015). Numbers of prenatal outpatient department registrations, institutional deliveries, and maternal deaths per year were compared between the periods using the Mann‐Whitney U test.ResultsIncreases in the mean number of prenatal outpatient department registrations (P=0.021) and institutional deliveries (P=0.021) were recorded following the implementation of JSSY; a non‐significant decrease in the maternal mortality ratio was also observed (P=0.248).ConclusionJSSY appeared to be an effective program in improving maternal health; use of prenatal care and institutional deliveries increased following its implementation.
Learning curve for the single‐incision suburethral sling procedure for female stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Spelzini Federico , Frigerio Matteo , Regini Cristina , Palmieri Stefania , Manodoro Stefano , Milani Rodolfo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the learning curve for the single‐incision sling (SIS) procedure in a single‐surgeon case series.MethodsData were retrospectively analyzed from women with non‐recurrent symptomatic stress urinary incontinence confirmed by urodynamics and treated at San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy, between October 2008 and November 2015. All women underwent the SIS procedure using a MiniArc sling fitted by the same urogynecologic surgeon. Blood loss, operative time, and complications were recorded. At follow‐up visits, objective cure was assessed with a stress test and subjective outcome was determined by International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form and Patient Global Impression of Improvement scores. Postoperative overactive bladder syndrome and voiding symptoms were recorded.ResultsIn total, 192 patients underwent the SIS procedure. Estimated blood loss, operative time, and complication rate were not influenced by the number of procedures performed. Among 191 patients who completed 12 months of follow‐up, neither objective nor subjective outcomes at longest follow‐up available were influenced by surgeon's experience. Conversely, de novo overactive bladder syndrome (P<0.001) and voiding symptoms (P=0.029) decreased with increasing experience.ConclusionSIS showed encouraging objective and subjective outcomes with a minimal complication rate even at the beginning of the learning curve. However, increasing experience reduced postoperative voiding symptoms and overactive bladder syndrome.
Sustained release of multicomponent platelet‐rich plasma proteins from hydrolytically degradable PEG hydrogels
Authors: Jain Era , Sheth Saahil , Dunn Andrew , Zustiak Silviya P. , Sell Scott A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP), an autologous blood derived product is a concentrated mix of multiple growth factors and cytokines. Direct injections of PRP are clinically used for treatment of various musculoskeletal disorders and in wound healing. However, PRP therapy has met with limited clinical success possibly due to unpredictable and premature bolus delivery of PRP growth factors. The objective of this study was to predictably control the bioavailability of PRP growth factors using a hydrolytically degradable polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel. We used a step‐growth polymerization based on a Michael‐type addition reaction between a 6‐arm PEG‐acrylate and a dithiol crosslinker, which led to the formation of a homogenous hydrogel network under mild, physiologically relevant conditions. Specifically, to model the release of multicomponent PRP through PEG hydrogels, we examined bulk diffusion of PRP as well as model proteins in a size range corresponding to that of growth factors found in PRP. Our results indicated that protein size and hydrogel degradation controlled diffusion of all proteins and that secondary structure of proteins encapsulated during gelation remained unaffected post‐release. Analysis of specific PRP proteins released from the hydrogel showed sustained release until complete hydrogel degradation. PRP released from hydrogels promoted proliferation of human dermal fibroblast, indicating retained bioactivity upon encapsulation and release. The versatile hydrogel system holds clinical potential as a therapeutic drug delivery depot of multicomponent mixtures like PRP. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3304–3314, 2017.
Control of cell growth on 3D‐printed cell culture platforms for tissue engineering
Authors: Tan Zhikai , Liu Tong , Zhong Juchang , Yang Yikun , Tan Weihong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBiocompatible tissue growth has excellent prospects for tissue engineering. These tissues are built over scaffolds, which can influence aspects such as cell adhesion, proliferation rate, morphology, and differentiation. However, the ideal 3D biological structure has not been developed yet. Here, we applied the electro‐hydrodynamic jet (E‐jet) 3D printing technology using poly‐(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid, PLGA) solution to print varied culture platforms for engineered tissue structures. The effects of different parameters (electrical voltage, plotting speed, and needle sizes) on the outcome were investigated. We compared the biological compatibility of the 3D printed culture platforms with that of random fibers. Finally, we used the 3D‐printed PLGA platforms to culture fibroblasts, the main cellular components of loose connective tissue. The results show that the E‐jet printed platforms could guide and improve cell growth. These highly aligned fibers were able to support cellular alignment and proliferation. Cell angle was consistent with the direction of the fibers, and cells cultured on these fibers showed a much faster migration, potentially enhancing wound healing performance. Thus, the potential of this technology for 3D biological printing is large. This process can be used to grow biological scaffolds for the engineering of tissues. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3281–3292, 2017.
Surface topography of silicon nitride affects antimicrobial and osseointegrative properties of tibial implants in a murine model
Authors: Ishikawa Masahiro , de Mesy Bentley Karen L. , McEntire Bryan J. , Bal B. Sonny , Schwarz Edward M. , Xie Chao 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWhile silicon nitride (Si3N4) is an antimicrobial and osseointegrative orthopaedic biomaterial, the contribution of surface topography to these properties is unknown. Using a methicillin‐resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), this study evaluated Si3N4 implants in vitro utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with colony forming unit (CFU) assays, and later in an established in vivo murine tibia model of implant‐associated osteomyelitis. In vitro, the “as‐fired” Si3N4 implants displayed significant reductions in adherent bacteria versus machined Si3N4 (2.6 × 104 vs. 8.7 × 104 CFU, respectively; p < 0.0002). Moreover, SEM imaging demonstrated that MRSA cannot directly adhere to native as‐fired Si3N4. Subsequently, a cross‐sectional study was completed in which sterile or MRSA contaminated as‐fired and machined Si3N4 implants were inserted into the tibiae of 8‐week old female Balb/c mice, and harvested on day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, or 14 post‐operatively for SEM. The findings demonstrated that the antimicrobial activity of the as‐fired implants resulted from macrophage clearance of the bacteria during biofilm formation on day 1, followed by osseointegration through the apparent recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells on days 3–5, which differentiated into osteoblasts on days 7–14. In contrast, the antimicrobial behavior of the machined Si3N4 was due to repulsion of the bacteria, a phenomenon that also limited osteogenesis, as host cells were also unable to adhere to the machined surface. Taken together, these results suggest that the in vivo biological behavior of Si3N4 orthopaedic implants is driven by critical features of their surface nanotopography. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3413–3421, 2017.
RETRACTED: Kaempferol increases apoptosis in human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells and inhibits multidrug resistance genes
Authors: Moradzadeh Maliheh , Tabarraei Alijan , Sadeghnia Hamid Reza , Ghorbani Ahmad , Mohamadkhani Ashraf , Erfanian Saiedeh , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAcute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is one of the most life‐threatening hematological malignancies. Defects in the cell growth and apoptotic pathways are responsible for both disease pathogenesis and treatment resistance. Therefore, pro‐apoptotic agents are potential candidates for APL treatment. Kaempferol is a flavonoid with antioxidant and anti‐tumor properties. This study was designed to investigate the cytotoxic, pro‐apoptotic, and differentiation‐inducing effects of kaempferol on HL‐60 and NB4 leukemia cells. Resazurin assay was used to determine cell viability following treatment with kaempferol (12.5‐100 μM) and all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA; 10 μM; used as a positive control). Apoptosis and differentiation were also detected using propidium iodide and NBT staining techniques, respectively. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes involved in apoptosis (PI3 K, AKT, BCL2, BAX, p53, p21, PTEN, CASP3, CASP8, and CASP9), differentiation (PML‐RAR and HDAC1), and multi‐drug resistance (ABCB1 and ABCC1) were determined using quantitative real‐time PCR. The protein expressions of Bax/Bcl2 and casp3 were confirmed using Western blot. The results showed that kaempferol decreased cell viability and increased subG1 population in the tested leukemic cells. This effect was associated with decreased expression of Akt, BCL2, ABCB1, and ABCC1 genes, while the expression of CASP3 and BAX/BCL‐2 ratio were significantly increased at both gene and protein levels. Kaempferol promoted apoptosis and inhibited multidrug resistance in a concentration‐dependent manner, without any differential effect on leukemic cells. In conclusion, this study suggested that kaempferol may be utilized as an appropriate alternative for ATRA in APL patients.
Circadian control of pain and neuroinflammation
Authors: Segal Julia P. , Tresidder Kaitlyn A. , Bhatt Charvi , Gilron Ian , Ghasemlou Nader 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe importance of a neuroinflammatory response to the development and maintenance of inflammatory and neuropathic pain have been highlighted in recent years. Inflammatory cells contributing to this response include circulating immune cells such as monocytes, T and B lymphocytes, and neutrophils, as well as microglia in the central nervous system. Pain signals are transmitted via sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system, which express various receptors and channels that respond to mediators secreted from these inflammatory cells. Chronobiological rhythms, which include the 24‐hr circadian cycle, have recently been shown to regulate both nervous and immune cell activity and function. This review examines the current literature on chronobiological control of neuroinflammatory processes, with a focus on inflammatory and neuropathic pain states. While the majority of this work has stemmed from observational studies in humans, recent advances in using animal models have highlighted distinct mechanisms underlying these interactions. Better understanding interactions between the circadian and neuroimmune systems can help guide the development of new treatments and provide improved care for patients suffering from acute and chronic pain.
Predicting waterbird nest distributions on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta of Alaska
Authors: Saalfeld Sarah T. , Fischer Julian B. , Stehn Robert A. , Platte Robert M. , Brown Stephen C. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta of Alaska, USA is a globally important region for numerous avian species including millions of migrating and nesting waterbirds. However, data on the current spatial distribution of critical nesting areas and the importance of environmental variables in the selection of nest locations are generally lacking for waterbirds in this region. We modeled nest densities for 6 species of geese and eiders that commonly breed on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, including cackling goose (Branta hutchinsii minima), emperor goose (Chen canagica), black brant (B. bernicla nigricans), greater white‐fronted goose (Anser albifrons frontalis), spectacled eider (Somateria fischeri), and common eider (S. mollissima). The data used were from single‐visit nest searches on 2,318 plots sampled during 29 years from 1985 to 2013. We modeled nest density for each species by combining data across years and using random forests methods and time‐static landscape environmental variables. These models provide the first habitat‐specific predictive distributions of nest density for these species breeding on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta of Alaska. Predictive performance of the random forests models varied among species, explaining 13–69% of the variance in nest density. For most species, nest density was greatest near the coast and within lowland habitats. Predicted nest densities mapped across the coastal zone of the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta revealed areas of high and low nest densities that can be used to inform management and conservation decisions. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Recreational fishing alters dingo foraging behavior on Fraser Island
Authors: Déaux Eloïse C. , Crowe Trent , Charrier Isabelle 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTSupplemental feeding, whether intentional or accidental, alters wildlife foraging behaviors and may have consequences at the population and ecosystem levels. Wildlife feeding may also cause animals to develop aggressive behaviors toward conspecifics and people. The risks to humans is potentially accrued when the species is a native predator. Food‐based attraction has been implicated in the development of human‐directed aggression in the dingo (Canis lupus dingo) population on Fraser Island, Queensland, Australia. Management strategies such as education programs, prohibition of inappropriate human behaviors, and fencing of garbage dumps have been implemented to stop the (intentional or inadvertent) feeding of dingoes by people. Despite these efforts, dingoes continue to obtain human‐sourced food, suggesting that other means of supplemental feeding are still available. One possible source of subsidized food is recreational fishing, which is a popular activity on the island. We conducted a quasi‐experimental study during May–June 2014 of dingo foraging behaviors on the eastern beach of Fraser Island. We video‐recorded the behaviors of lone and groups of dingoes when they were in the vicinity of anglers or by themselves. We hypothesized that if recreational fishing was a source of subsidies to dingoes, then there would be differences in dingo foraging behavior among the 2 groups. We found that in the absence of anglers, dingoes spent 81% of their time engaged in mobile food‐related behaviors. When anglers were present, however, they spent 52% of their time sitting and resting. These results suggest that dingoes shifted from active searching to a sit and wait foraging mode upon detecting recreational anglers. We observed an event in which a dingo spent 2 hours resting near an angler, then dug up the fish remains buried by the man as soon as he had left the area. This and other anecdotal evidence support the view that the changes in dingo foraging activity detected in this study were related to increased opportunities to secure food from anglers. Recreational fishing may play an important role in the inadvertent subsidizing of dingoes on Fraser Island, although further investigations are needed before proposing and implementing additional conservation and management actions. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Epidemiology and survival outcomes of sinonasal verrucous carcinoma in the United States
Authors: Alonso Jose E. , Han Albert Y. , Kuan Edward C. , Suh Jeffrey D. , John Maie A. St. 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionVerrucous carcinoma (VC) is a rare, variant of squamous cell carcinoma with benign cytohistopathologic features and a generally favorable prognosis. Epidemiologic and clinical outcomes data are lacking as a result of limited cases of sinonasal VC.ObjectiveTo describe the incidence and determinants of survival of patients with verrucous carcinoma of the sinonasal tract between the years of 1973 to 2014 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.MethodsThe SEER registry was utilized to calculate survival trends for patients with verrucous carcinoma of the sinonasal tract between 1973 and 2014. Patient data then was analyzed with respect to age, sex, race, and treatment modalities (surgery and radiation therapy). Overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were calculated.ResultsA total of 86 cases of VC of the sinonasal tract were identified. The cohort was comprised of 69.8% males. The mean age at diagnosis was 67.4 years. The nasal cavity was the most common primary site (51.2%), followed by the maxillary sinus (40.7%) and nasopharynx (5.8%). The median OS was 97.6 months. 89.5% of cases underwent surgery and 20.9% received both surgery and radiation therapy. Overall survival at 2, 5, and 10 years was 73%, 59%, and 36%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, advanced age (P < 0.05) and primary site (P < 0.05) were associated with worse OS and DSS, respectively. Primary nasopharyngeal tumor site was associated with reduced DSS (P < 0.05). Surgery improved OS (P < 0.001) and DSS (P < 0.001).ConclusionVerrucous carcinoma of the sinonasal tract is associated with a generally favorable prognosis. Age, primary site, and surgical therapy are independent predictors of OS and DSS, respectively. We present the first population‐based analysis of sinonasal VC, thus clarifying the prognosis and reinforcing the management of this malignancy.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:651–656, 2017
Untreated oral cavity cancer: Long‐term survival and factors associated with treatment refusal
Authors: Cheraghlou Shayan , Kuo Phoebe , Mehra Saral , Yarbrough Wendell G. , Judson Benjamin L. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveOral cavity cancer is the most common malignant disease of the head and neck. The natural course of the disease is poorly characterized and unavailable for patient consideration during initial treatment planning. Our primary objective was to outline this natural history, with a secondary aim of identifying predictors of treatment refusal.Study DesignRetrospective review of adult patients with oral cavity cancer who refused surgery that was recommended by their physician in the National Cancer Database.MethodsDemographic, tumor, and survival variables were included in the analyses. Multivariate Cox regressions as well as univariate Kaplan‐Meier analyses were conducted.ResultsPatients who were older, uninsured, had government insurance, or had more advanced disease were more likely to go untreated. Survival among untreated patients was poor, but there was a small proportion of patients surviving long term. Five‐year survival rates ranged from 31.1% among early‐stage patients to 12.6% among stage 4 patients.ConclusionAlthough the natural course of oral cavity cancer carries a poor prognosis, there are a number of patients with longer‐than‐expected survival. The survival estimates may provide supplemental information for patients deciding whether to pursue treatment. In addition to age and extent of disease, system factors such as insurance status and facility case volume are associated with a patient's likelihood of refusing treatment.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:664–669, 2018