bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near‐infrared diffuse reflectance signals for monitoring spreading depolarizations and progression of the lesion in a male rat focal cerebral ischemia model
Authors: Kawauchi Satoko , Nishidate Izumi , Nawashiro Hiroshi , Sato Shunichi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn ischemic stroke research, a better understanding of the pathophysiology and development of neuroprotection methods are crucial, for which in vivo imaging to monitor spreading depolarizations (SDs) and evolution of tissue damage is desired. Since these events are accompanied by cellular morphological changes, light‐scattering signals, which are sensitive to cellular and subcellular morphology, can be used for monitoring them. In this study, we performed transcranial imaging of near‐infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance at ∼800 nm, which sensitively reflects light‐scattering change, and examined how NIR reflectance is correlated with simultaneously measured cerebral blood flow (CBF) for a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. After MCAO, wavelike NIR reflectance changes indicating occurrence of SDs were generated and propagated around the ischemic core for ∼90 min, during which time NIR reflectance increased not only within the ischemic core but also in the peripheral region. The area with increased reflectance expanded with increase in the number of SD occurrences, the correlation coefficient being 0.7686 (n = 5). The area with increased reflectance had become infarcted at 24 hr after MCAO. The infarct region was found to be associated with hypoperfusion or no‐flow response to SD, but hyperemia or hypoperfusion followed by hyperemia response to SD was also observed, and the regional heterogeneity seemed to be connected with the rat cerebrovasculature and hence existence/absence of collateral flow. The results suggest that NIR reflectance signals depicted early evolution of tissue damage, which was not seen by CBF changes, and enabled lesion progression monitoring in the present stroke model.
New algorithm for simulation of proteoglycan loss and collagen degeneration in the knee joint: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Authors: Mononen Mika E , Tanska Petri , Isaksson Hanna , Korhonen Rami K. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis is a harmful joint disease but prediction of disease progression is problematic. Currently, there is only one modeling framework which can be applied to predict the progression of knee osteoarthritis but it only considers degenerative changes in the collagen fibril network. Here, we have developed the framework further by considering all of the major tissue changes (proteoglycan content, fluid flow, and collagen fibril network) occurring in osteoarthritis. While excessive levels of tissue stresses controlled degeneration of the collagen fibril network, excessive levels of tissue strains controlled the decrease in proteoglycan content and the increase in permeability. We created four knee joint models with increasing degrees of complexity based on the depth‐wise composition. Models were tested for normal and abnormal, physiologically relevant, loading conditions in the knee. Finally, the predicted depth‐wise compositional changes from each model were compared against experimentally observed compositional changes in vitro. The model incorporating the typical depth‐wise composition of cartilage produced the best match with experimental observations. Consistent with earlier in vitro experiments, this model simulated the greatest proteoglycan depletion in the superficial and middle zones, while the collagen fibril degeneration was located mostly in the superficial zone. The presented algorithm can be used for predicting simultaneous collagen degeneration and proteoglycan loss during the development of knee osteoarthritis. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1673–1683, 2018.
Rapid and green determination of 58 fragrance allergens in plush toys
Authors: Wang Zhijuan , Zhang Qing , Li Haiyu , Lv Qing , Wang Wan , Bai Hua 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a simple, rapid, and green method based on a static headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for determining 58 fragrance allergens in plush toys. This study is the first to meet the requirement for simultaneously determining 66 fragrances, except for eight natural extracts restricted by the European Toy Safety Directive 2009/48/EC. A minimal amount of sample (20 mg) and acetone solvent (20 μL) were placed in a headspace vial. A gas–solid equilibration of fragrances between the headspace and the sample was achieved within 10 min under the vapor atmosphere of acetone at 200°C, which allowed the fragrances in the sample to be measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results showed that the interference caused by different sample matrices was negligible. The proposed method exhibited determination results that were highly similar to those of traditional ultrasonic extraction with sufficient sensitivity (limits of quantification: 0.02–10 mg/kg) for 58 fragrances, indicating its accuracy and reliability. The average recoveries ranged from 71.3 to 137.4%, and the relative standard deviation (n = 6) varied from 1.1 to 18.0%. Finally, the method was applied to monitor the fragrances in 20 commercial toys. This study provides a good reference for rapidly and greenly determining the semi‐volatile analytes in toys, textiles, and other products.
Application of high‐speed counter‐current chromatography and HPLC to separate and purify of three polyacetylenes from Platycodon grandiflorum
Authors: Chen Bao , Liu Zhengbo , Zhang Yuwei , Li Wei , Sun Yanjun , Wang Yufang , Wang Yanhua , Sun Yinshi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThree polyacetylenes were isolated and purified from Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC for the first time by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography using a two‐phase solvent system composed of hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (1:31:1:31, v/v/v/v) and high‐performance liquid chromatography with an Agilent ZORBAX® SB‐C18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm). After separation by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography and high‐performance liquid chromatography, we obtained 3.5 mg of platetyolin A, 4.1 mg of platetyolin B, and 18.1 mg of lobetyolin with purities of 97.2, 96.7, and 96.9%, respectively. The purity of each compound was assessed by high‐performance liquid chromatography and the chemical structures were evaluated by high‐resolution electrospray ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Among the isolated compounds, platetyolin A and platetyolin B are newly reported compounds.
Identification of proteins, drying oils, waxes and resins in the works of art micro‐samples by chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques
Authors: Witkowski Bartłomiej , Duchnowicz Anna , Ganeczko Monika , Laudy Agnieszka , Gierczak Tomasz , Biesaga Magdalena 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSimplified method for simultaneous identification of proteins, drying oils, waxes, and resins in the works‐of‐art samples was developed. Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry were used to identify natural materials most frequently encountered in historical paintings. Protein binders were extracted with ammonia and purified using miniaturized solid‐phase microextraction (Omix tips) to efficiently suppress matrix interferences. Zwitterionic stationary phase was used for separation of 16 underivatized amino acids analysis with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography that was subsequently quantified with liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry was used to analyze drying oils, waxes, and resins after one‐step saponification/transmethylation with (m‐trifluoromethylphenyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide (Meth‐Prep II). While the drawback of this reagent is low reactivity towards hydroxyl groups, sample pretreatment was much simpler as compared to the other methods. Fatty acids derivatization with the Meth‐Prep II reagent was compared with their silylation using N,O‐bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide/trimethylchlorosilane mixture. It was concluded that fatty acids analysis as their methyl esters instead of trimethylsilyl esters had a minor impact on the method sensitivity. The developed method was used to analyze samples from 16th and 17th century historical paintings.
One‐pot synthesis of a multi‐template molecularly imprinted polymer for the extraction of six sulfonamide residues from milk before high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection
Authors: Kechagia Maria , Samanidou Victoria , Kabir Abuzar , Furton Kenneth G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA highly selective molecularly imprinted polymer sorbent was synthesized and employed for the simultaneous determination of six sulfonamide antibiotic residues (sulfanilamide, sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethizole) in milk samples. Multi‐analyte imprinted particles were used as a sorbent in solid‐phase extraction. Sulfonamides were separated on a high‐performance liquid chromatography column (Merck–Lichrospher RP18e, 5 μm 250 × 4 mm) and further identified and quantified by diode array detection. Several parameters including required loading of the molecularly imprinted polymer sorbent, mass of milk, volume, and type of elution solvent, as well as time for absorption and elution were investigated to obtain optimal experimental conditions. For comparison purpose, a non‐imprinted polymer was applied under the optimum conditions. The validation study according to the European Union Decision 2002/657/EC was based on the investigation of linearity, selectivity, stability, limits of detection and quantitation, decision limit, detection capability, trueness, precision, and ruggedness according to Youden's approach. The decision limit and detection capability values in the milk were achieved from 101.9 to 113.5 μg/kg and from 114.4 to 135.4 μg/kg, respectively, depending on the target sulfonamide drug. Finally, the optimized protocol was successfully applied to commercial milk samples and human breast milk.
Predicting the onset of freezing of gait: A longitudinal study
Authors: Ehgoetz Martens Kaylena A. , Lukasik Emily L. , Georgiades Matthew J. , Gilat Moran , Hall Julie M. , Walton Courtney C. , Lewis Simon J.G. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTBackground: Freezing of gait is a disabling symptom of Parkinson's disease that ultimately affects approximately 80% of patients, yet very little research has focused on predicting the onset of freezing of gait and tracking the longitudinal progression of symptoms prior to its onset. The objective of the current study was to examine longitudinal data spanning the transition period when patients with PD developed freezing of gait to identify symptoms that may precede freezing and create a prediction model that identifies those “at risk” for developing freezing of gait in the year to follow.Methods: Two hundred and twenty‐one patients with PD were divided into 3 groups (88 nonfreezers, 41 transitional freezers, and 92 continuing freezers) based on their responses to the validated Freezing of Gait‐Questionnaire item 3 at baseline and follow‐up. Critical measures across motor, cognitive, mood, and sleep domains were assessed at 2 times approximately 1 year apart.Results: A logistic regression model that included age, disease duration, gait symptoms, motor phenotype, attentional set‐shifting, and mood measures could predict with 70% and 90% accuracy those patients who would and would not develop, respectively, freezing of gait over the next year. Notably, the Freezing of Gait‐Questionnaire total and the anxiety section of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were the strongest predictors and alone could significantly predict if one might develop freezing of gait in the next 15 months with 82% accuracy.Conclusions: Our results suggest that it is possible to identify the majority of patients who will develop freezing of gait in the following year, potentially allowing targeted interventions to delay or possibly even prevent the onset of freezing. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Enhanced mu opioid receptor–dependent opioidergic modulation of striatal cholinergic transmission in DYT1 dystonia
Authors: Ponterio Giulia , Tassone Annalisa , Sciamanna Giuseppe , Vanni Valentina , Meringolo Maria , Santoro Massimo , Mercuri Nicola Biagio , Bonsi Paola , Pisani Antonio 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTBackground: Mu opioid receptor activation modulates acetylcholine release in the dorsal striatum, an area deeply involved in motor function, habit formation, and reinforcement learning as well as in the pathophysiology of different movement disorders, such as dystonia. Although the role of opioids in drug reward and addiction is well established, their involvement in motor dysfunction remains largely unexplored.Methods: We used a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the responses to mu activation in 2 mouse models of DYT1 dystonia (Tor1a+/Δgag mice, Tor1a+/‐ torsinA null mice, and their respective wild‐types). We performed electrophysiological recordings to characterize the pharmacological effects of receptor activation in cholinergic interneurons as well as the underlying ionic currents. In addition, an analysis of the receptor expression was performed both at the protein and mRNA level.Results: In mutant mice, selective mu receptor activation caused a stronger G‐protein‐dependent, dose‐dependent inhibition of firing activity in cholinergic interneurons when compared with controls. In Tor1a+/‐ mice, our electrophysiological analysis showed an abnormal involvement of calcium‐activated potassium channels. Moreover, in both models we found increased levels of mu receptor protein. In addition, both total mRNA and the mu opioid receptor splice variant 1S (MOR‐1S) splice variant of the mu receptor gene transcript, specifically enriched in striatum, were selectively upregulated.Conclusion: Mice with the DYT1 dystonia mutation exhibit an enhanced response to mu receptor activation, dependent on selective receptor gene upregulation. Our data suggest a novel role for striatal opioid signaling in motor control, and more important, identify mu opioid receptors as potential targets for pharmacological intervention in dystonia. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Directional local field potentials: A tool to optimize deep brain stimulation
Authors: Tinkhauser Gerd , Pogosyan Alek , Debove Ines , Nowacki Andreas , Shah Syed Ahmar , Seidel Kathleen , Tan Huiling , Brittain John‐Stuart , Petermann Katrin , di Biase Lazzaro , Oertel Markus , Pollo Claudio , Brown Peter , Schuepbach Michael 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTBackground: Although recently introduced directional DBS leads provide control of the stimulation field, programing is time‐consuming.Objectives: Here, we validate local field potentials recorded from directional contacts as a predictor of the most efficient contacts for stimulation in patients with PD.Methods: Intraoperative local field potentials were recorded from directional contacts in the STN of 12 patients and beta activity compared with the results of the clinical contact review performed after 4 to 7 months.Results: Normalized beta activity was positively correlated with the contact's clinical efficacy. The two contacts with the highest beta activity included the most efficient stimulation contact in up to 92% and that with the widest therapeutic window in 74% of cases.Conclusion: Local field potentials predict the most efficient stimulation contacts and may provide a useful tool to expedite the selection of the optimal contact for directional DBS. © 2017 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Quality of life outcome after subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson's disease depends on age
Authors: Dafsari Haidar S. , Reker Paul , Stalinski Lisa , Silverdale Monty , Rizos Alexandra , Ashkan Keyoumars , Barbe Michael T. , Fink Gereon R. , Evans Julian , Steffen Julia , Samuel Michael , Dembek Till A. , Visser‐Vandewalle Veerle , Antonini Angelo , Ray‐Chaudhuri K. , Martinez‐Martin Pablo , Timmermann Lars ,   on behalf of EUROPAR and the IPMDS (International Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Society) Non‐Motor Parkinson's Disease Study Group
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate how quality of life outcome after bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) depends on age.MethodsIn this prospective, open‐label, multicenter study including 120 PD patients undergoing bilateral STN‐DBS, we investigated the PDQuestionnaire‐8 (PDQ‐8), Unified PD Rating Scale‐III, Scales for Outcomes in PD–motor examination, complications, activities of daily living, and levodopa equivalent daily dose preoperatively and at 5 months follow‐up. Significant changes at follow‐up were analyzed with Wilcoxon signed‐rank test and Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. To explore the influence of age post hoc, the patients were classified into 3 age groups (≤59, 60‐69, ≥70 years). Intragroup changes were analyzed with Wilcoxon signed‐rank and intergroup differences with Kruskal‐Wallis tests. The strength of clinical responses was evaluated using effect size.ResultsThe PDQuestionnaire‐8, Scales for Outcomes in PD–motor complications, activities of daily living, and levodopa equivalent daily dose significantly improved in the overall cohort and all age groups with no significant intergroup differences. However, PDQuestionnaire‐8 effect sizes for age groups ≤59, 60 to 69, and ≥70 years, respectively, were strong, moderate, and small. Furthermore, PDQuestionnaire‐8 domain analyses revealed that all domains except cognition and emotional well‐being significantly improved in patients aged ≤59 years, whereas only communication, activities of daily living, and stigma improved in patients aged 60‐69 years, and activities of daily living and stigma in patients aged ≥70 years.ConclusionsAlthough quality of life, motor complications, and activities of daily living significantly improved in all age groups after bilateral STN‐DBS, the beneficial effect on overall quality of life was more pronounced and affected a wider range of quality of life domains in younger patients. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Survival in patients with Parkinson's disease after deep brain stimulation or medical management
Authors: Weaver Frances M. , Stroupe Kevin T. , Smith Bridget , Gonzalez Beverly , Huo Zhiping , Cao Lishan , Ippolito Dolores , Follett Kenneth A. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTObjective: Deep brain stimulation has been shown to have a significant long‐term beneficial effect on motor function. However, whether it affects survival is not clear. In this study, we compared survival rates for Parkinson's disease (PD) patients who underwent deep brain stimulation (DBS) with those who were medically managed.Methods: A retrospective analysis of Veterans Affairs and Medicare administrative data of veterans with PD who received DBS and were propensity score matched to a cohort of veterans with PD who did not receive DBS between 2007‐2013.Results: Veterans with PD who received DBS had a longer survival measured in days than a matched group of veterans who did not undergo DBS (mean = 2291.1 [standard error = 46.4] days [6.3 years] vs 2063.8 [standard error = 47.7] days [5.7 years]; P = .006; hazard ratio = 0.69 [95% confidence interval 0.56‐0.85]). Mean age at death was similar for both groups (76.5 [standard deviation = 7.2] vs 75.9 [standard deviation = 8.4] years, P = .67), respectively, and the most common cause of death was PD.Conclusions: DBS is associated with a modest survival advantage when compared with a matched group of patients who did not undergo DBS. Whether the survival advantage reflects a moderating influence of DBS on PD or on comorbidities that might shorten life or whether differences may be a result of unmeasured differences between groups is not known. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Genetic analysis of osteogenesis imperfecta in the Palestinian population: molecular screening of 49 affected families
Authors: Essawi Osama , Symoens Sofie , Fannana Maha , Darwish Mohammad , Farraj Mohammad , Willaert Andy , Essawi Tamer , Callewaert Bert , De Paepe Anne , Malfait Fransiska , Coucke Paul J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous hereditary connective tissue disorder clinically hallmarked by increased susceptibility to bone fractures.MethodsWe analyzed a cohort of 77 diagnosed OI patients from 49 unrelated Palestinian families. Next‐generation sequencing technology was used to screen a panel of known OI genes.ResultsIn 41 probands, we identified 28 different disease‐causing variants of 9 different known OI genes. Eleven of the variants are novel. Ten of the 28 variants are located in COL1A1, five in COL1A2, three in BMP1, three in FKBP10, two in TMEM38B, two in P3H1, and one each in CRTAP, SERPINF1, and SERPINH1. The absence of disease‐causing variants in the remaining eight probands suggests further genetic heterogeneity in OI. In general, most OI patients (90%) harbor mainly variants in type I collagen resulting in an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. However, in our cohort almost 61% (25/41) were affected with autosomal recessive OI. Moreover, we document a 21‐kb genomic deletion in the TMEM38B gene identified in 29% (12/41) of the tested probands, making it the most frequent OI‐causing variant in the Palestinian population.ConclusionThis is the first genetic screening of an OI cohort from the Palestinian population. Our data are important for genetic counseling of OI patients and families in highly consanguineous populations.
CK‐2127107 amplifies skeletal muscle response to nerve activation in humans
Authors: Andrews Jinsy A. , Miller Timothy M. , Vijayakumar Vipin , Stoltz Randall , James Joyce K. , Meng Lisa , Wolff Andrew A. , Malik Fady I. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionThree studies evaluated safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of CK‐2127107 (CK‐107), a next‐generation fast skeletal muscle troponin activator (FSTA), in healthy participants. We tested the hypothesis that CK‐107 would amplify the force‐frequency response of muscle in humans. Methods: To assess the force‐frequency response, participants received single doses of CK‐107 and placebo in a randomized, double‐blind, 4‐period, crossover study. The force‐frequency response of foot dorsiflexion following stimulation of the deep fibular nerve to activate the tibialis anterior muscle was assessed. Results: CK‐107 significantly increased tibialis anterior muscle response with increasing dose and plasma concentration in a frequency‐dependent manner; the largest increase in peak force was ∼60% at 10 Hz. Discussion: CK‐107 appears more potent and produced larger increases in force than tirasemtiv—a first‐generation FSTA—in a similar pharmacodynamic study, thereby supporting its development for improvement of muscle function of patients. Muscle Nerve 57: 729–734, 2018