bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching English Stress: A Case Study
Authors: Sadat‐Tehrani Nima 
Published: September 2017

This article addresses the issue of teaching pronunciation in English as a second language (ESL) classes by specifically looking at the impact of teaching lexical stress rules and tendencies on learners' stress placement performance. Sixteen rules in the form of interactive worksheets were taught in three ESL classes at pre‐intermediate, intermediate, and upper intermediate levels (N = 38). The rules were taught and reviewed during 9 weeks, each taking approximately 25 minutes of class time. They dealt with four areas: word categories, compound nouns, verb‐noun pairs, and suffixes. The participants recorded a list of carefully chosen 100 words two times, once before and once after the teaching of the rules. The results show a statistically significant reduction of mean error percentage from 33.8% to 18.3%, with an effect size (Cohen's d) of 1.67. The implications of this research are twofold. On the one hand, it is evidence for the successful teaching of suprasegmentals and in particular lexical stress rules in ESL classes, and on the other, it contains a methodology and a sample lesson plan for teaching such rules (see Appendix A). The article thus argues for the inclusion of English lexical stress prediction rules in the ESL pronunciation curriculum to enhance learners' overall intelligibility.
Development of the national feral swine map, 1982–2016
Authors: Corn Joseph L. , Jordan Thomas R. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study developed the first national feral swine (Sus scrofa) map for the United States in 1982 in collaboration with state wildlife resources agencies. National feral swine distribution maps were completed in 1982, 1988, and 2004 as individual maps, and then annually beginning in 2008 through the National Feral Swine Mapping System (NFSMS). The NFSMS is an internet‐based data‐collection website used in collaboration with state wildlife resources agencies and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. These ongoing collaborations have provided for a long‐term database that documents the expansion of established feral swine populations in the United States. The number of states reporting established populations was 18 in 1982 and 35 in 2016. The geographic area included in the distribution of feral swine increased from 544,854 km2 in 1982 to 1,675,618 km2 in 2016. We describe the development of the national feral swine maps including details on how these data were collected; provide feral swine maps for select years from 1982 to 2016; and note some of the uses of these maps. These maps detail the expansion of feral swine since 1982, which can be used in the future to monitor increases or decreases in the distribution of feral swine as natural reproduction of feral swine continues and feral swine control programs are implemented. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
A fully verified container library
Authors: Polikarpova Nadia , Tschannen Julian , Furia Carlo A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe comprehensive functionality and nontrivial design of realistic general-purpose container libraries pose challenges to formal verification that go beyond those of individual benchmark problems mainly targeted by the state of the art. We present our experience verifying the full functional correctness of EiffelBase2: a container library offering all the features customary in modern language frameworks, such as external iterators, and hash tables with generic mutable keys and load balancing. Verification uses the automated deductive verifier AutoProof, which we extended as part of the present work. Our results indicate that verification of a realistic container library (135 public methods, 8400 LOC) is possible with moderate annotation overhead (1.4 lines of specification per LOC) and good performance (0.2 s per method on average).
Vae Victis! Spatial Planning in the Rescaled Metropolitan Governance in France
Authors: Geppert Anna 
Published: September 2017

The paper focuses on the gap between the expectations and the effects of the recent rescaling of planning powers in France. Through a series of legislative reforms in 2010, 2014 and 2015, France has introduced “metropolises”. Designed for large cities of more than 500,000 inhabitants, metropolises are a new way of grouping municipalities (Etablissement Public de Coopération Intercommunale), more integrated than the previous bodies which they replace (communauté urbaine, communauté d’agglomération). With enlarged territories and increased decisional power, they were expected to become strong collective actors, providing better services for their inhabitants and making better use of their resources. However, the first outcomes of the reform do not meet these expectations. Metropolises are often smaller than expected. Their perimeters result more from political bargains than from geographical considerations. The emergence of a collective metropolitan power is slowed down by the mayors, who stick to localist approaches, as well as by the national government. Planning objectives have shifted from a redistributive approach (ensuring balanced territorial development) to a growth-oriented policy (enhancing metropolitan potentials). As a result, central areas are gaining economic weight and autonomy while peripheral areas keep declining: there are winners and losers.
Thermal stratification effects on MHD radiative flow of nanofluid over nonlinear stretching sheet with variable thickness
Authors: Daniel Yahaya Shagaiya , Aziz Zainal Abdul , Ismail Zuhaila , Salah Faisal 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The combined effects of thermal stratification, applied electric and magnetic fields, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and Joules heating are numerically studied on a boundary layer flow of electrical conducting nanofluid over a nonlinearly stretching sheet with variable thickness. The governing equations which are partial differential equations are converted to a couple of ordinary differential equations with suitable similarity transformation techniques and are solved using implicit finite difference scheme. The electrical conducting nanofluid particle fraction on the boundary is passively rather than actively controlled. The effects of the emerging parameters on the electrical conducting nanofluid velocity, temperature, and nanoparticles concentration volume fraction with skin friction, heat transfer characteristics are examined with the aids of graphs and tabular form. It is observed that the variable thickness enhances the fluid velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration volume fraction. The heat and mass transfer rate at the surface increases with thermal stratification resulting to a reduction in the fluid temperature. Electric field enhances the nanofluid velocity which resolved the sticking effects caused by a magnetic field which suppressed the profiles. Radiative heat transfer and viscous dissipation are sensitive to an increase in the fluid temperature and thicker thermal boundary layer thickness. Comparison with published results is examined and presented.
Highlights MHD nanofluid due to stretching sheet with variable thickness with passively controlled. A similarity transformation is used then solved by Keller box method. Electric and magnetic fields are taken into account in velocity and energy analysis. Combined effect of thermal stratification is examined. The comparison is also made with the existing published data.
Perception of Employment by the Veterans Participating in the National Veterans Wheelchair Games: A Survey Study
Authors: Kim William , Lee Leah , Lans Daniel , Tostenrude David , Lee Kenneth 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundEmployment in those with disability is an important rehabilitation goal, along with achieving some measure of functional independence and is at the same time one of the most difficult goals to achieve. The number of people with disabilities participating in adaptive sports has been increasing steadily over the years. A few studies have looked at the relationship between physical fitness and employment status in those with disability, but there have been no studies that focused on the results of organized adaptive sports events affecting employment outcome.ObjectiveTo determine whether participation in the National Veterans Wheelchair Games (NVWG) has a positive impact on employment in those with disability.Study DesignProspective, cross‐sectional survey.Setting2015 NVWG in Dallas, Texas (nonclinic setting).ParticipantsA total of 338 survey participants; 36 surveys were excluded due to incompletion.MethodsVeterans who participated at the 2015 NVWG were given the opportunity to complete a 2‐page survey. Survey participants received $5.00 gift card as compensation.Main Outcome MeasurementsPercentage of those who perceived NVWG made a difference in attaining employment, risk ratio analyses.ResultsA total of 50% of the participants stated that the NVWG made a difference in attaining employment. Those currently working were 1.5 times more likely to say that the NVWG had a positive effect on employment than those not currently working (P < .01). Those who felt that the NVWG had a positive effect on employment attended 3‐4 more wheelchair games on average than those reporting that the NVWG did not have an impact on employment (P < .001). Positive responses were obtained from the Likert scale distribution.ConclusionsOur study suggests that participating in the NVWG provides psychosocial support to the veterans and may have a positive influence in employment outcomes.Level of EvidenceIII
Solitary Confinement, Prisoner Litigation, and the Possibility of a Prison Abolitionist Lawyering Ethic
Authors: Parkes Debra 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This paper considers the role that litigation might play in ending the human rights crisis of solitary confinement in Canada while also examining the relationship of prisoner rights litigation to broader, anti-carceral social movements. The paper proceeds in four parts. The first section provides a brief overview of the widespread use of solitary confinement in Canada’s federal prisons and in provincial and territorial jails. Next, current litigation seeking an end to solitary confinement in the federal prisons system is located in the context of a long history of prisoner rights litigation in both the US and Canada. The third section considers the possibilities and challenges of pursuing prisoner rights litigation with broader critiques of the carceral state in mind. The paper ends with examples of anti-carceral lawyering efforts and identifies some elements of a prison abolitionist lawyering ethic.
The dynamics of partial cavity formation, shedding and the influence of dissolved and injected non-condensable gas
Authors: Mäkiharju Simo A. , Ganesh Harish , Ceccio Steven L. 
Published: September 2017

In the present study, the experimental set-up of Ganeshet al.(J. Fluid Mech., vol. 802, 2016, pp. 37–78) is used to examine the dynamics of a shedding cavity by examining the vapour production rate of the natural cavity and determining how minimal injection of non-condensable gas can substantially alter the vapour production rate, the resulting cavity flow and the cavity shedding process. The influence of the dissolved gas content on the shedding natural cavity flow is also examined. High-speed visual imaging and cinemagraphic X-ray densitometry were used to observe the void fraction dynamics of the cavity flow. Non-condensable gas is injected across the span of the cavity flow at two locations: immediately downstream of the cavity detachment location at the apex of the wedge or further downstream into mid-cavity. The gas injected near the apex is found to increase the pressure near the suction peak, which resulted in the suppression of vapour formation. Hence, the injection of gas could result in a substantial net reduction in the overall cavity void fraction. Injection at the mid-cavity did less to suppress the vapour production and resulted in less significant modification of both the mean cavity pressure and net volume fraction. Changes in the cavity void fraction, in turn, altered the dynamics of the bubbly shock formation. Variation of the dissolved gas content alone (i.e. without injection) did not significantly change the cavity dynamics.
Microbial composition affects the performance of an artificial Tephritid larval diet
Authors: Rempoulakis P. , Sela (Saldinger) S. , Nemny-Lavy E. , Pinto R. , Birke A. , Nestel D. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe present study investigated the patterns of microorganisms in an artificial larval diet duringDacus ciliatus(Diptera;Tephritidae) larval development. Microbial population contents in the diet of total heterotrophic bacteria, yeast and molds, coliform and lactobacilli, and their dynamics during development, were monitored. Initially, the microbial composition in diet trays failing to produce viable pupae and in trays successfully producing pupae and adult flies was characterized. The failing diet trays contained large populations of lactobacilli that increased during larval development, and low populations of coliforms. In contrast, the successful diet showed an increasing population of coliforms and a low, or undetected, population of lactobacilli. To study the hypothesis that lactobacilli affectD. ciliatuslarval development, we conducted controlled inoculation experiments in whichLactobacillus plantarumwas added into fresh diet at the time of egg seeding.L. plantaruminoculated trays showed no production ofD. ciliatus. Control trays without lactobacilli inoculation showed variable results. One tray successfully produced viable pupae and adults, and showed a slight and slow increase in the indigenous populations of lactobacilli. The second tray, however, failed to produce pupae and showed a fast increase of the indigenous lactobacilli to very high levels. Monitored pH trends inL. plantarum-inoculated diet showed a sharp pH decrease during the first 4 days of larval development from 5 to less than 4 units, while successful diet, producing viableD. ciliatuspupae and adults, showed a moderate pH drop during most of the larval development period. The paper discusses the possible ecological interactions betweenD. ciliatuslarvae, the microbial content of the diet and the physical properties of the diet. The discussion also points out at the usefulness of this approach in understanding and managing mass production parameters of tephritid fruit flies industrial diets used for Sterile Insect Technique.
The Architecture of ‘Passive Revolution’: Society, State and Space in Modern Mexico
Authors: MORTON ADAM DAVID 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis article analyses the political economy of Henri Lefebvre's concept of ‘state space’ with specific attention directed towards the Monument to the Revolution in Mexico City, completed in 1938. The conditions of modernity can be generally related to the spatial ordering of urban landscapes within capital cities conjoining the specifics of national identity with imitative processes. Antonio Gramsci captured such sentiments through his understanding of the condition of ‘passive revolution’. The key contribution of this article is to draw attention to forms ofeveryday passive revolution, recognising both cosmopolitan and vernacular aspects of modern architecture in relation to the Monument to the Revolution. A focus on the Monument to the Revolution thus reveals specific spatial practices of everyday passive revolution relevant to the codification of architecture and the political economy of modern state formation in Mexico. These issues are revealed, literally, as vital expressions in the architecture of everyday passive revolution in modern Mexico.
Mood disorders and circulating levels of inflammatory markers in a longitudinal population-based study
Authors: Glaus J. , von Känel R. , Lasserre A. M. , Strippoli M.-P. F. , Vandeleur C. L. , Castelao E. , Gholam-Rezaee M. , Marangoni C. , Wagner E.-Y. N. , Marques-Vidal P. , Waeber G. , Vollenweider P. , Preisig M. , Merikangas K. R. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThere has been increasing evidence that chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with mood disorders. However, the findings have been inconsistent because of heterogeneity across studies and methodological limitations. Our aim is to prospectively evaluate the bi-directional associations between inflammatory markers including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with mood disorders.MethodsThe sample consisted of 3118 participants (53.7% women; mean age: 51.0, s.d. 8.8 years), randomly selected from the general population, who underwent comprehensive somatic and psychiatric evaluations at baseline and follow-up (mean follow-up duration = 5.5 years, s.d. 0.6). Current and remitted mood disorders including bipolar and major depressive disorders (MDD) and its subtypes (atypical, melancholic, combined atypical and melancholic, and unspecified) were based on semi-structured diagnostic interviews. Inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed in fasting blood samples. Associations were tested by multiple linear and logistic regression models.ResultsCurrent combined MDD [β = 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.03–0.55] and current atypical MDD (β = 0.32, 95% CI 0.10–0.55) at baseline were associated with increased levels of hsCRP at follow-up. There was little evidence for inflammation markers at baseline predicting mood disorders at follow-up.ConclusionsThe prospective unidirectional association between current MDD subtype with atypical features and hsCRP levels at follow-up suggests that inflammation may be a consequence of this condition. The role of inflammation, particularly hsCRP that is critically involved in cardiovascular diseases, warrants further study. Future research that examines potential influences of medications on inflammatory processes is indicated.
The dynamics of social care and employment in mid-life
Authors: GOMEZ-LEON MADELIN , EVANDROU MARIA , FALKINGHAM JANE , VLACHANTONI ATHINA 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the relationship between the provision of informal care to older parents/parents-in-law and the employment status of adult children in mid-life. The study analyses unique panel data for a cohort of individuals born in 1958 in Britain, focusing on respondents at risk of providing care (i.e. with at least one surviving parent/parent-in-law) and in employment at 50. Logistic regression is used to investigate the impact of caring at 50 and 55 on employment status at 55, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, the respondent's health status and their partner's employment status. Separate models examine (a) the likelihood of exiting the labour force versus continuing work, and (b) amongst those continuing in work, the likelihood of reducing hours of employment. Different types of care (personal, basic and instrumental support) are distinguished, along with hours of caring. The results highlight that providing care for more personal tasks, and for a higher number of hours, are associated with exiting employment for both men and women carers. In contrast, the negative impact of more intense care-giving on reducing working hours was significant only for men – suggesting that women may juggle intensive care commitments alongside work or leave work altogether. Facilitating women and men to combine paid work and parental care in mid-life will be increasingly important in the context of rising longevity.
Conflicting science requirements impact on rare moss conservation measures
Authors: Pertierra Luis R. , Lara Francisco , Benayas Javier , Lewis-Smith Ronald I. , Hughes Kevin A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Antarctic Treaty recognizes the outstanding scientific values of the Antarctic environment through the designation of Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) that have rigorous management plans specific to each site. Deception Island has the largest concentration of rare bryophyte species and communities in Antarctica, while also offering substantial opportunities for research in a range of scientific disciplines due to its volcanic nature. As a result, conflicts between research interests and conservation goals may arise. On the summit ridge of Caliente Hill severe trampling damage to the moss assemblages growing in association with localized geothermal activity was observed. The range of species affected included the entire known population of Schistidium deceptionense, an endemic moss known only from this site, as well as other very rare Antarctic mosses (Ditrichum ditrichoideum, Bryum orbiculatifolium, Bucklandiella subcrispipila, Pohlia wahlenbergii and Dicranella hookeri). A photomapping study was undertaken to characterize further the status of the site and monitor changes within it. Increased awareness, co-ordination of activities and a spatial zoning within the site could help mitigate damage from permitted activities. Nevertheless, prioritization of longer term conservation goals over short-term research interests may ultimately be necessary where local human impact cannot be managed by other means.
Unlearning overgenerated be through data-driven learning in the secondary EFL classroom
Authors: Moon Soyeon , Oh Sun-Young 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper reports on the cognitive and affective benefits of data-driven learning (DDL), in which Korean EFL learners at the secondary level notice and unlearn their “overgeneratedbe” by comparing native English-speaker and learner corpora with guided induction. To select the target language item and compile learner-corpus-based materials, writing samples of 285 learners were collected. The participants were randomly divided into traditional grammar learning and DDL groups. After providing instruction for each group, one immediate and one delayed writing sessions were implemented. Revealing a lower ratio of overgeneratedbeafter the instruction than the control group, the DDL group showed statistically significant retention as well as immediate effects in terms of the raw counts of the target item. Based on this improvement in grammar learning and retention, DDL is considered helpful for these learners as it facilitated their efforts to discover and apply rules. In addition, their positive attitudes toward DDL including both native speaker and learner data provide useful pedagogical implications. Learning from the negative evidence produced in their own classroom helped learners, especially at lower levels, to raise their grammar consciousness and boost their motivation to learn.