bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of mycotoxin-producing fungi on the fitness and gut bacterial community of the soil springtail
Folsomia candida
Authors: Xu Yang , Tang Lingxiao , Xie Zhen , Duan Xingwei , Wang Kaisha , Zhu Jialin , Huang Yangyang , Yang Kailang , Xu Lei , He Hong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Mycotoxin-producing fungi are widespread and their adverse effects on mammals have been investigated; however, their impacts on soil invertebrates are not fully understood.
Folsomia candida
is a model soil arthropod that represents an important part of the soil invertebrate community. This study investigated the consequences of
F. candida
grazing on mycotoxin-producing fungi
Fusarium verticillioides
,
F. graminearum
,
Aspergillus ochraceus
, and
A. nidulans
. Consuming mycotoxin-producing fungi affected the body size and reproductive ability of
F. candida
, and altered the gut bacterial composition, with decreased Proteobacteria and increased Actinobacteria (
Microbacterium
) abundances. Notably, the abundance of foodborne fungi can be detected. Furthermore, certain bacteria isolated from
F. candida
’s gut inhibited the growth of corresponding mycotoxin-producing fungi. The gut bacteria that inhibited mycotoxin-producing fungi growth in
Aspergillus
groups were also associated with poor fitness parameters and larger disruption in gut microbiota. Importantly, switching back to yeast diets reversed both the fitness parameters and gut bacterial composition. Together, our study demonstrated that grazing of mycotoxin-producing fungi by
F. candida
resulted in reduced physiological parameters and disturbed the gut bacterial community, and those changes can be restored by switching back to yeast diets, which indicates a strong resilience of springtails to mycotoxin-producing fungi.

IMPORTANCE

Mycotoxin-producing fungi are widespread in nature and raise concerns for human and livestock health. Although they share the same ecosystem, interactions between mycotoxin-producing fungi and soil arthropods are not well understood. In this study, we report an unexpected finding that the soil arthropod
Folsomia candida
is rather tolerant to these mycotoxin-producing fungi.
F. candida
can survive solely on mycotoxin-producing fungi as a food source with reduced physiological parameters. Moreover, the gut microbial community is disturbed by mycotoxin-producing fungi, and some of the bacteria isolated from
F. candida
’s gut can inhibit the growth of corresponding fungi. Notably, the altered physiological parameters and gut microbiota are restored when a normal diet is reintroduced, suggesting
F. candida
’s resilience to mycotoxin-producing fungi. These findings clarify the impact of toxin-producing diets on
F. candida
, shedding light on how organisms can build resilience to environmental stimuli.
Second resonance of the Higgs field: motivations, experimental signals, unitarity constraints
Authors: Consoli Maurizio , Rupp George 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPerturbative calculations predict that the effective potential of the Standard Model should have a new minimum, well beyond the Planck scale, which is much deeper than the electroweak vacuum. So far, most authors have accepted the metastability scenario in a cosmological perspective which is needed to explain why the theory remains trapped in our electroweak vacuum but requires to control the properties of matter in the extreme conditions of the early universe. As an alternative, one can consider the completely different idea of a non-perturbative effective potential that, as at the beginning of the Standard Model, is restricted to the pure $$\Phi ^4$$

Φ
4

sector but is consistent with the indications of the now existing analytical and numerical studies, namely “triviality” and a description of SSB as weak first-order phase transition. In this approach, the electroweak vacuum is now the lowest energy state because, besides the state with mass $$m_h=125$$

m
h

=
125

GeV, defined by the quadratic shape of the potential at its minimum, there is a second much larger mass scale $$(M_H)^\textrm{Theor} \sim 690(30)$$

(

M
H

)

Theor

∼
690

(
30
)

GeV associated with the zero-point energy determining the potential depth. Despite its large mass, the heavier state would couple to longitudinal Ws with the same typical strength as the low-mass state at 125 GeV and thus represent a relatively narrow resonance mainly produced at LHC by gluon-gluon fusion. Therefore, it is interesting that, in the LHC data, one can find combined indications of a new resonance of mass $$(M_H)^\textrm{comb} \sim 685 (10)$$

(

M
H

)

comb

∼
685

(
10
)

GeV, with a statistical significance which is far from negligible. Since this non-negligible evidence could become an important new discovery with forthcoming data, we outline further refinements of the theoretical predictions, that could be obtained by implementing unitarity constraints, in the presence of fermion and gauge fields, with the type of coupled-channel calculations nowadays used in meson spectroscopy.
Quantum corrections to tunnelling amplitudes of neutral scalar fields
Authors: Zielinski Rosemary , McGlynn Patrick , Simenel Cédric 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThough theoretical treatments of quantum tunnelling within single-particle quantum mechanics are well-established, at present, there is no quantum field-theoretic description (QFT) of tunnelling. Due to the single-particle nature of quantum mechanics, many-particle effects arising from quantum field theory are not accounted for. Such many-particle effects, including pair-production, have proved to be essential in resolving the Klein-paradox. This work seeks to determine how quantum corrections affect the tunnelling probability through an external field. We investigate a massive neutral scalar field, which interacts with an external field in accordance with relativistic quantum mechanics. To consider QFT corrections, we include another massive quantised neutral scalar field coupling to the original via a cubic interaction. This study formulates an all-order recursive expression for the loop-corrected scalar propagator, which contains only the class of vertex-corrected Feynman diagrams. This equation applies for general external potentials. Though there is no closed-form analytic solution, we also demonstrate how to approximate the QFT corrections if a perturbative coupling to the quantised field is assumed.
Running of the number of degrees of freedom in quantum conformal gravity
Authors: Giaccari Stefano , Jizba Petr , Kňap Jaroslav , Rachwał Lesław 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe study how the number of degrees of freedom in Weyl conformal gravity runs with the energy scale from the UV fixed point. To this end we employ two approaches. First, we utilize the Fradkin–Tseytlin prescription for the number of degrees of freedom and demonstrate that the one-loop result is highly dependent on the selected background. We then employ the counting methodology based on the a- and c-function, which are typically used to characterize the trace anomaly of conformal field theories in four dimensions. We compute these in the enhanced one-loop approximation and demonstrate that the degrees of freedom decrease monotonically from six degrees in the UV regime. This behavior is independent of the backgrounds considered. Further salient issues, such as the connection between the Fradkin–Tseytlin prescription and counting based on the a- and c-function, or the applicability of both methods in Einstein’s gravity, are also addressed.
Supplementary Table 5 from SREBP-Dependent Regulation of Lipid Homeostasis Is Required for Progression and Growth of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ishida Chiaki T. , Myers Stephanie L. , Kubota Casie S. , Shao Wei , McGuire Meredith R. , Liu Chune , Ewachiw Theodore E. , Mukhopadhyay Debaditya , Ke Suqi , Wang Hao , Rasheed Zeshaan A. , Anders Robert A. , Espenshade Peter J. 
Published: September 2024

<p>Table S5. SREBP target genes analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter </p>
A Pragmatic Account of Cultural Theory
Authors: Garcés-Velástegui Pablo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Sociocultural diversity is notoriously challenging to study. Sociocultural viability theory has proven influential in research and practice positing that 1) consists of four primary ways of perceiving, organizing and justifying social relations; and, 2) complex problems are likely to be solved by harnessing all ways of life, whereas attempts based on fewer are doomed to fail. However, the theory lacks elaboration of its philosophical underpinnings, leading to misunderstandings and confusion. This paper offers a pragmatic account of the theory. Based on a philosophical ontology, the argument exposes the theory’s pragmatic wagers (mind-world monism and phenomenalism). Moreover, it also shows how the theory’s overall project can be undergirded by pragmatism’s focus on practical consequences, provisionality of knowledge, plurality, and public participation.
‘They Shall Not Prevail’: Claro M. Recto’s Nationalist Crusade, 1952–1960
Authors: Domingo Luis Zuriel P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article revisits the political thought of Filipino statesman Claro M. Recto (1890–1960), with a focus on the idea of nationalism. Upon his return to Congress in 1952, Recto advocated for Filipino nationalism in response to the so-called “special relationship” between the Philippines and the United States in the post-independence period. He claimed that the Philippines, though granted independence in 1946, remained under the disparaging political and economic influence of the United States because of one-sided treaties. In Recto’s mind, this “special relationship” was the main reason for the country’s retrogression in attaining political and economic growth and development. Throughout his post-independence career in Congress, Recto was consistent in his posture of advocating Filipino nationalism. This article uncovers that Recto’s nationalist crusade was anti-imperialist in principle against American neocolonialism thus only protective of the welfare of the Filipinos. This rereading of Recto’s political thought hopes to add more nuance understanding about him, but it also deepens our understanding of the essence of nationalism in the postcolonial period in the Philippines and Southeast Asia.
Memory, Identity and Poetry
Authors: Chowdhary Mir Kamruzzaman 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This essay explores how two medieval war poems engaged in the formation of two opposing ideas and ideologies in the sultanate of India. Kanhadade Prabandha (1455 CE) portrays the Hindu/Rajput idea of Muslim penetration into Rajasthan and, on the other hand, Khazāʾin al-futūḥ (1311 CE) illustrates the benevolent aspect of the Islamic/Turkish conquest of Hindustan. The Kanhadade Prabandha is a narrative of the heroic resistance put forward by Jalore ruler Kanhadade (r. 1291–1311) and his son Viramde (d. 1311) against Delhi Sultan Alauddin Khalji (r.1296–1316) in 1311 CE. Smaller states vied to carve a distinct identity in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. These rulers patronised poets in their courts who would write sagas about their patrons. Hence, the role of patronage and the complex political situation of that period require adequate scholarly attention to understand the evaluation of historical narratives of that time, including war narratives Kanhadade Prabandha and Khazāʾin al-futūḥ. In Kanhadade Prabandha, Alauddin Khalji (r.1296–1316) is presented as an asura (demon), a daitya (monster) and a mleccha (the low-born untouchable). In contrast, the book’s patron, Kanhadade, is presented as a person from pure vamsa (lineage). Hence, this paper tries to understand how the “we and other” concept was perceived in medieval historical narratives to create certain ideas in the medieval society and political spectrum. What was the purpose of writing these books? How did the Indic authors utilise the Turks of Delhi to propagate ideas and ideologies of Rajputs of north-western India? By focusing on the event of Jalore (1311 CE), the paper explores diverse trajectories of that historical occurrence as well as the propulsion of Rajput ideologies of that time by it. The paper follows a comparative study of Indic and Indo-Persian sources to achieve these objectives. The article corroborates Indic sources with the contemporary Indo-Persian historical accounts to shed light on the shifting perceptions about the Rajput rulers and their relations with the Sultans of Delhi. Finally, the article argues that the idea of the Rajput being a closed warrior group gradually came into being in the fifteenth to sixteenth centuries.
An Integrated Electroencephalography and Eye-Tracking Analysis Using eXtreme Gradient Boosting for Mental Workload Evaluation in Surgery
Authors: Shafiei Somayeh B. , Shadpour Saeed , Mohler James L. 
Published: September 2024

Objective We aimed to develop advanced machine learning models using electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-tracking data to predict the mental workload associated with engaging in various surgical tasks. Background Traditional methods of evaluating mental workload often involve self-report scales, which are subject to individual biases. Due to the multidimensional nature of mental workload, there is a pressing need to identify factors that contribute to mental workload across different surgical tasks. Method EEG and eye-tracking data from 26 participants performing Matchboard and Ring Walk tasks from the da Vinci simulator and the pattern cut and suturing tasks from the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) program were used to develop an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model for mental workload evaluation. Results The developed XGBoost models demonstrated strong predictive performance with R2 values of 0.82, 0.81, 0.82, and 0.83 for the Matchboard, Ring Walk, pattern cut, and suturing tasks, respectively. Key features for predicting mental workload included task average pupil diameter, complexity level, average functional connectivity strength at the temporal lobe, and the total trajectory length of the nondominant eye’s pupil. Integrating features from both EEG and eye-tracking data significantly enhanced the performance of mental workload evaluation models, as evidenced by repeated-measures t-tests yielding p-values less than 0.05. However, this enhancement was not observed in the Pattern Cut task (repeated-measures t-tests; p > 0.05). Conclusion The findings underscore the potential for machine learning and multidimensional feature integration to predict mental workload and thereby improve task design and surgical training. Application The advanced mental workload prediction models could serve as instrumental tools to enhance our understanding of surgeons’ cognitive demands and significantly improve the effectiveness of surgical training programs.
Comparative analysis of changes in spinal dimensions following different correction methods in adult spinal deformity surgery
Authors: Dinh Hoai TP , Ushirozako Hiroki , Hasegawa Tomohiko , Yamato Yu , Yoshida Go , Banno Tomohiro , Arima Hideyuki , Oe Shin , Yamada Tomohiro , Ide Koichiro , Kurosu Kenta , Matsuyama Yukihiro 
Published: September 2024

Background: Adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery has gained popularity, with significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with multiple grade II osteotomies (PLIF + MOs) and lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) have been utilized to correct ASD; however, no studies have compared these methods with regard to the pre- and postoperative changes in length and volume of the spinal canal. This study aimed to investigate the 3-dimensional changes in the anterior vertical column length (AVCL), spinal canal length (SCL), and spinal canal volume (SCV) in patients with ASD after surgery, employing LLIF and PLIF + MOs. Methods: This retrospective study examined 44 patients with ASD who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2021 using two corrective surgical methods, LLIF and PLIF + MOs. Radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes were assessed, and three-dimensional models were created from computed tomography images to analyze changes in AVCL, SCL, and SCV. Results: We compared the effects of LLIF and PLIF + MOs on spinal canal dimensions during ASD surgery. LLIF demonstrated an increase in lumbar segment (L1-S1) AVCL and whole spine (T1-S1) SCL by 6.5 ± 8.0 mm and 13.8 ± 7.6 mm, respectively, compared with PLIF + MOs. However, PLIF + MOs exhibited a reduction in the lengths of the lumbar segment AVCL. Postoperative differences were significant for AVCL (L1-S1), SCL fusion level, and first-standing lumbar lordosis between the groups ( p < 0.0001, 0.002, and 0.016, respectively). LLIF significantly increased the SCV at the fusion level and whole spine T1-S1 by 14.5% and 10.6%, respectively, outperforming PLIF + MOs. Despite changes in dimensions, the postoperative Oswestry disability index scores showed no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions: Our study suggests that LLIF can increase spinal canal space, lumbar lordosis, and anterior column length in the lumbar spinal segment. Knowledge of these variations may be critical for enhancing surgical outcomes and preventing neurological complications.
Optimistic About the Future: How Job and Study Resources Facilitate Career Optimism in Working Students
Authors: Nerona Randolfh R. , Hood Michelle , Bialocerkowski Andrea , Creed Peter A. 
Published: September 2024

Access to job and study resources is important to enhance workers’ and students’ career optimism, respectively. Yet, it is unknown how these resources foster career optimism in young adults who work and study. Drawing on conservation of resources and self-determination theories, we examined the relationships between job and study resources and subsequent career optimism directly and indirectly via psychological needs satisfaction. Data were collected at two time points (4-week lag) from 256 working students (84% women; Mage = 20.08 years) recruited from one large, multi-campus Australian university. Using structural equation modeling, we found that study resources had a direct, positive relationship with career optimism, but job resources did not. We also found that both role resources had direct, positive relationships with autonomy, competence, and relatedness satisfaction. Only the satisfaction of autonomy needs was related to career optimism. Further, both job and study resources were indirectly related to career optimism via autonomy satisfaction. Overall, the structural model explained 21% of the variance in career optimism. These findings provide guidance on how university staff (e.g., career counselors and teachers) and those in the workplace (e.g., supervisors and managers) can enhance career optimism in this population of young workers.
Cognitive performance in the heat: A prediction with heart rate variability (HRV) time-domain indices
Authors: Zhu Hui , Wang Yufei , Wang Yichao , Su Hua , Yu Chuck Wah 
Published: September 2024

Heat waves (HWs) appear more frequently and more intensively in recent years, producing a few high air temperature records and bringing more health issues. In order to explore the variation in human cognitive performance under hot-humid exposure, four air temperatures at 32°C, 36°C, 38°C and 41°C were selected and four corresponding 150-min hot exposure experiments were administrated. Subjects completed five kinds of cognitive tasks at these four environmental temperatures, during which electrocardiogram (ECG) data was continuously recorded. Time-domain analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV) was conducted based on the ECG data, and three time-domain indices were obtained, including the standard deviation of all normal to normal N-N intervals (STDNN), the percentage of intervals over 50 ms was different from the preceding interval (pNN50) and the square root of the mean of the squares of successive NN interval differences (RMSSD). Variations in these indices with exposure time and air temperature were analysed. Thereafter, a correlation analysis between cognitive performance and HRV time-domain indices was conducted. Results showed that these three HRV time-domain indices varied differently with the air temperature and exposure time. In addition, results of the correlation analysis showed that RMSSD was the most correlated index, based on which a cubic relation between the cognitive performance and RMSSD was acquired. This study provided a solution for the cognitive prediction of outdoor workers during HWs.
Sexual Harassment Experience, Coping, and Awareness Among Nurses Working in Small- and Medium-Sized Hospitals in South Korea
Authors: Jung Gye Hyun , Uhm Dongchoon , Choi Yunjeong 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Although over 60% of Korean acute care hospitals are small- or medium-sized, their ability to address sexual harassment may differ from larger hospitals due to differences in resources, policies, and organizational culture. Objective This study aims to identify sexual harassment experience, coping, and awareness among nurses working in small- and medium-sized hospitals. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that collected data from 462 nurses working in nine small- and medium-sized acute care hospitals in two cities in Korea. The study utilized self-report questionnaires, including the coping with sexual harassment questionnaire, perception of sexual, and experience of sexual harassment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and one-way analysis of variance. Results Most nurses receive sexual harassment prevention education in the workplace every year, but only 77% of them are accurately aware of sexual harassment behavior. Among the types of sexual harassment experienced by the participants, verbal sexual harassment was the most common. Only 192 out of 462 nurses responded to the timing of their sexual harassment experience. Of those, more than 50% reported experiencing sexual harassment within the first year of employment and over 80% within 3 years. The most common perpetrators of sexual harassment were patients, followed by doctors. The more times the nurses received sexual harassment prevention education, the better they were at coping with sexual harassment. Conclusion To prevent sexual harassment in the workplace, training content should be tailored because attitudes and perceptions vary based on the perpetrator's characteristics. This ensures relevance, addresses risks, and clarifies legal responsibilities. To create a healthy and safe working environment for nurses, institutions and managers should implement methods to raise awareness of sexual harassment. This may include providing anonymous hotlines, online reporting systems, regular audits, and establishing anonymous peer counseling platforms.