bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 2013 February 17 Sunquake in the Context of the Active Region's Magnetic Field Configuration
Authors: Green L. M. , Valori G. , Zuccarello F. P. , Zharkov S. , Matthews S. A. , Guglielmino S. L. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Sunquakes are created by the hydrodynamic response of the lower atmosphere to a sudden deposition of energy and momentum. In this study, we investigate a sunquake that occurred in NOAA active region 11675 on 2013 February 17. Observations of the corona, chromosphere, and photosphere are brought together for the first time with a nonlinear force-free model of the active region’s magnetic field in order to probe the magnetic environment in which the sunquake was initiated. We find that the sunquake was associated with the destabilization of a flux rope and an associated M-class GOES flare. Active region 11675 was in its emergence phase at the time of the sunquake and photospheric motions caused by the emergence heavily modified the flux rope and its associated quasi-separatrix layers, eventually triggering the flux rope’s instability. The flux rope was surrounded by an extended envelope of field lines rooted in a small area at the approximate position of the sunquake. We argue that the configuration of the envelope, by interacting with the expanding flux rope, created a “magnetic lens” that may have focussed energy on one particular location of the photosphere, creating the necessary conditions for the initiation of the sunquake.
Enhanced Polarized Emission from the One-parsec-scale Hotspot of 3C 84 as a Result of the Interaction with the Clumpy Ambient Medium
Authors: Nagai H. , Fujita Y. , Nakamura M. , Orienti M. , Kino M. , Asada K. , Giovannini G. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We present Very Long Baseline Array polarimetric observations of the innermost jet of 3C 84 (NGC 1275) at 43 GHz. A significant polarized emission is detected at the hotspot of the innermost restarted jet, which is located 1 pc south from the radio core. While the previous report presented a hotspot at the southern end of the western limb, the hotspot location has been moved to the southern end of the eastern limb. Faraday rotation is detected within an entire bandwidth of the 43 GHz band. The measured rotation measure (RM) is at most (6.3 ± 1.9) × 105 rad m−2 and might be slightly time variable on the timescale of a month by a factor of a few. Our measured RM and the RM previously reported by the CARMA and SMA observations cannot be consistently explained by the spherical accretion flow with a power-law profile. We propose that a clumpy/inhomogeneous ambient medium is responsible for the observed RM. Using an equipartition magnetic field, we derive the electron density of 2 × 104 cm−3. Such an electron density is consistent with the cloud of the narrow line emission region around the central engine. We also discuss the magnetic field configuration from the black hole scale to the parsec scale and the origin of low polarization.
In Search of Cool Flow Accretion onto Galaxies: Where Does the Disk Gas End?
Authors: Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Maloney Philip R. , Stephens Alex , Zovaro Anna , Popping Attila 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The processes taking place in the outermost reaches of spiral disks (the “protodisk”) are intimately connected to the build-up of mass and angular momentum in galaxies. The thinness of spiral disks suggests that the activity is mostly quiescent, and presumably this region is fed by cool flows coming into the halo from the intergalactic medium. While there is abundant evidence for the presence of a circumgalactic medium around disk galaxies as traced by quasar absorption lines, it has been very difficult to connect this material to the outer gas disk. This has been a very difficult transition region to explore because baryon tracers are hard to observe. In particular, H i disks have been argued to truncate at a critical column density (

N

H

≳

10

19.5

cm−2 at 30 kpc for an

L

⋆

galaxy) where the gas is vulnerable to the external ionizing background. But new, deep observations of nearby

L

⋆

spirals (e.g., Milky Way, NGC 2997) suggest that H i disks may extend much farther than recognized to date, up to 60 kpc at

N

H

≈

10

18

cm−2. Motivated by these observations, here we show that a clumpy outer disk of dense clouds or cloudlets is potentially detectable to much larger radii and lower H i column densities than previously discussed. This extended protodisk component is likely to explain some of the Mg ii forest seen in quasar spectra as judged from absorption-line column densities and kinematics. We fully anticipate that the armada of new radio facilities and planned H i surveys coming on line will detect this extreme outer disk (scree) material. We also propose a variant on the successful “Dragonfly” technique to go after the very weak Hα signals expected in the protodisk region.
Unusual Black Hole Binary LMC X-3: A Transient High-mass X-Ray Binary That Is Almost Always On?
Authors: Torpin Trevor J. , Boyd Patricia T. , Smale Alan P. , Valencic Lynne A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We have analyzed a rich, multimission, multiwavelength data set from the black hole X-ray binary (BHXB) LMC X-3, covering a new anomalous low state (ALS), during which the source flux falls to an unprecedentedly low and barely detectable level, and a more normal low state. Simultaneous X-ray and UV/optical monitoring data from Swift are combined with pointed observations from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) and light curves from the Monitor of All-Sky X-ray Image (MAXI) instrument to compare the source characteristics during the ALS with those seen during the normal low state. An XMM-Newton spectrum obtained during the ALS can be modeled using an absorbed power law with

and a luminosity of

erg s−1 (0.6–5 keV). The Swift X-ray and UV light curves indicate an X-ray lag of ∼8 days as LMC X-3 abruptly exits the ALS, suggesting that changes in the mass accretion rate from the donor drive the X-ray lag. The normal low state displays an asymmetric profile in which the exit occurs more quickly than the entry, with minimum X-ray flux a factor of ∼4300 brighter than during the ALS. The UV brightness of LMC X-3 in the ALS is also fainter and less variable than during normal low states. The existence of repeated ALSs in LMC X-3, as well as a comparison with other BHXBs, implies that it is very close to the transient/persistent X-ray source dividing line. We conclude that LMC X-3 is a transient source that is almost always “on.”
Star Formation in Galaxies at z ∼ 4–5 from the SMUVS Survey: A Clear Starburst/Main-sequence Bimodality for Hα Emitters on the SFR–M* Plane
Authors: Caputi K. I. , Deshmukh S. , Ashby M. L. N. , Cowley W. I. , Bisigello L. , Fazio G. G. , Fynbo J. P. U. , Fèvre O. Le , Milvang-Jensen B. , Ilbert O. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We study a large galaxy sample from the Spitzer Matching Survey of the UltraVISTA ultra-deep Stripes (SMUVS) to search for sources with enhanced

3.6

μ
m

fluxes indicative of strong Hα emission at

z
=
3.9
–
4.9

. We find that the percentage of “Hα excess” sources reaches 37%–40% for galaxies with stellar masses

log

10

(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)
≈
9
–
10

and decreases to

<
20
%

at

log

10

(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)
∼
10.7

. At higher stellar masses, however, the trend reverses, although this is likely due to active galactic nucleus contamination. We derive star formation rates (SFR) and specific SFR (sSFR) from the inferred Hα equivalent widths of our “Hα excess” galaxies. We show, for the first time, that the “Hα excess” galaxies clearly have a bimodal distribution on the SFR–M* plane: they lie on the main sequence of star formation (with

log

10

(
sSFR

/

yr

−
1

)
<
−
8.05

) or in a starburst cloud (with

log

10

(
sSFR

/

yr

−
1

)
>
−
7.60

). The latter contains

∼
15
%

of all the objects in our sample and accounts for

>
50
%

of the cosmic SFR density at

z
=
3.9
–
4.9

, for which we derive a robust lower limit of

0.066

M

⊙

yr

−
1

Mpc

−
3

. Finally, we identify an unusual

>
50
σ

overdensity of

z
=
3.9
–
4.9

galaxies within a

0.20
×
0.20

arcmin2 region. We conclude that the SMUVS unique combination of area and depth at mid-IR wavelengths provides an unprecedented level of statistics and dynamic range that are fundamental to revealing new aspects of galaxy evolution in the young universe.
Key Elements to Developing a Preceptor Program
Authors: Nash Denise Duffy , Flowers Monica 
Published: October 2017

Background:
With competition from so many nursing programs seeking clinical sites and numerous nurses entering the health care industry, it is imperative to have a nurse preceptor program in health care institutions.

Method:
This article attempts to identify the essential components of a preceptor program by reviewing the literature, surveying RNs to identify curriculum, and suggesting an evidence-based preceptor program of value.

Results:
Although there is much in the published literature and books about preceptors' roles and responsibilities, few references are available about how to start a preceptor program and program components. A total of 402 RNs with a baccalaureate nursing degree (or higher) were surveyed at a health care system. One hundred ninety-seven surveys were completed (49% response rate) to identify education topics, format, and time of delivery.

Conclusion:
The development and implementation of a preceptor program is vital for the success of nurse training and retention to provide quality care.

J Contin Nurs Educ.
2017;48(11):508–511.
« Isti hodie sunt secreti » : la duana de secretis fra tradizione sveva e continuità angioina
Authors: Barile Nicola Lorenzo 
Published: October 2017

Il presente contributo intende colmare un vuoto interpretativo della storiografia sull’attività di una fra le istituzioni finanziarie più importanti del Regno, la duana de secretis, studiata prevalentemente per l’età normanno-sveva. Invece, è proprio grazie agli interventi dei primi re angioini (Carlo I e Carlo II) che raggiunse l’apice del suo sviluppo, grazie all’apporto in particolare di alcune famiglie dell’area campana, come i della Marra e i Rufolo che, monopolizzando di fatto la carica di secreto, la portarono a fasti mai più raggiunti.
Nostrum fidelium officium sicle… Gli ufficiali delle zecche del regno angioino di Sicilia (sec. XIII-XIV)
Authors: Santoro Alfredo Maria 
Published: October 2017

Gli ufficiali di zecca del Regno angioino di Sicilia acquisivano l'appalto, generalmente annuale, a seguito di un pagamento. I magistri siclari affiancati dai magistri saggiatores avevano il compito di organizzare e sovraintendere alle operazioni di battitura a nome del re di moneta d'oro, d'argento e in mistura rispettando le disposizioni del sovrano in fatto di pesi, proporzioni fra i metalli, quantità, tempi di emissione. Fra le mansioni più importanti si segnalano anche la responsabilità parziale della distribuzione monetaria e alcune operazioni di risarcimento che mettono in evidenza un ruolo di mediazione fra la corona ed alcuni fra i propri creditori, evidenziando un importante comportamento finanziario. Inizialmente la loro provenienza fu quasi esclusivamente dall'Italia meridionale, d'ambienti legati al mondo mercantile (la derivazione è soprattutto collegata a centri limitrofi ad Amalfi, alla Puglia e a Messina). In seguito ad una radicale riforma monetaria, operata nel 1278-1279, si assiste alla chiusura di tutti gli atelier del Regno ed a un trasferimento di tutte le maestranze nell'unica zecca posta nella città di Napoli : a partire da tali anni, la corona angioina comincia ad affidare gli incarichi soprattutto ad ufficiali appartenenti alle potenti famiglie di banchieri toscani formando dei sodalizi non sempre vantaggiosi.
Fictional metaphysics of fiction: Metaphysics and imagination in the humanities
Authors: Meylahn Johann-Albrecht 
Published: October 2017

A very simplified description of physics could be, according to Wikipedia, natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion and behaviour through space and time. In relation to this simplified description of physics, metaphysics would then be that which gives matter, or metaphysics would be the reflection on the space and time in which matter is given. Yet, how are space and time connected? It is in language, or more specifically narrative (fiction), that space and time are connected or brought together – language, as the time-space-play in which matter and its motion and behaviour is revealed or created. One could argue that what I have just written is then also a narrative in which physics and metaphysics are given in a specific space and time, the space and time of this article. Thus, one could argue that metaphysics is fiction, but that argument itself would be fiction, and therefore one would be left with a fictional metaphysics of fiction.
Revenue, welfare and trade effects of European Union Free Trade Agreement on South Africa
Authors: Guei Kore M.A. , Mugano Gift , Le Roux Pierre 
Published: October 2017

Background: Using the partial equilibrium WITS-SMART Simulation model to assess the impact of liberalisation under the Trade Development and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA) of a free trade area between the European Union and South Africa. The identification of the impact of such agreement allows for trade policy negotiation adjustment that can be beneficial for South Africa.Aim: The aim of the study is to estimate and discuss the impact of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the European Union and South Africa. More specifically, the study intends to estimate the impact of revenue, welfare, imports, exports, trade creation and to come up with policies options for South Africa that can be used in negotiations and policy formulations.Setting: The study used international trade data (2012) available in the WITS-SMART model to assess bilateral trade agreement between the European Union and South Africa.Methods: To identify the impact on revenue, welfare, imports, exports and trade creation, the study simulated an FTA (0% tariff rate) for all goods exchanged between the European Union and South Africa. Also, the elasticity of substitution used for the simulation model was 99%.Results: The findings of the study reveal that total trade effects in South Africa are likely to surge by US$ 1.036 billion with a total welfare valued at US$ 134 million. Dismantling tariffs on all European Union (EU) goods would be beneficial to consumers through net trade creation. Total trade creation would be US$ 782 million. However, South African producers are likely to contribute a trade diversion of US$ 254 million which has a negative impact on consumer welfare. The country might also experience a revenue loss amounting to US$ 562 million because of the removal of tariffs. In trade, the country’s exports and imports to the EU are expected to increase by US$ 12.419 million and US$ 1.266 million, respectively.Conclusion: The European Union–South Africa FTA would result in both trade creation and trade expansion effects. However, trade creation and revenue loss are potential threats. In order to mitigate revenue loss, government needs to consider alternative tax such as consumption tax on certain goods and value-added tax.
Crowdsourcing in Surgical Skills Acquisition: A Developing Technology in Surgical Education
Authors: Dai Jessica C. , Lendvay Thomas S. , Sorensen Mathew D. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
The application of crowdsourcing to surgical education is a recent phenomenon and adds to increasing demands on surgical residency training. The efficacy, range, and scope of this technology for surgical education remains incompletely defined.

Objective
A systematic review was performed using the PubMed database of English-language literature on crowdsourced evaluation of surgical technical tasks up to April 2017.

Methods
Articles were reviewed, abstracted, and analyzed, and were assessed for quality using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI). Articles were evaluated with eligibility criteria for inclusion. Study information, performance task, subjects, evaluative standards, crowdworker compensation, time to response, and correlation between crowd and expert or standard evaluations were abstracted and analyzed.

Results
Of 63 unique publications initially identified, 13 with MERSQI scores ranging from 10 to 13 (mean = 11.85) were included in the review. Overall, crowd and expert evaluations demonstrated good to excellent correlation across a wide range of tasks (Pearson's coefficient 0.59–0.95, Cronbach's alpha 0.32–0.92), with 1 exception being a study involving medical students. There was a wide range of reported interrater variability among experts. Nonexpert evaluation was consistently quicker than expert evaluation (ranging from 4.8 to 150.9 times faster), and was more cost effective.

Conclusions
Crowdsourced feedback appears to be comparable to expert feedback and is cost effective and efficient. Further work is needed to increase consistency in expert evaluations, to explore sources of discrepant assessments between surgeons and crowds, and to identify optimal populations and novel applications for this technology.
This is Not a Remix
Authors: Borschke Margie 
Published: October 2017

Widespread distribution of recorded music via digital networks affects more than just business models and marketing strategies; it also alters the way we understand recordings, scenes and histories of popular music culture. This Is Not a Remix uncovers the analog roots of digital practices and brings the long history of copies and piracy into contact with contemporary controversies about the reproduction, use and circulation of recordings on the internet.
Borschke examines the innovations that have sprung from the use of recording formats in grassroots music scenes, from the vinyl, tape and acetate that early disco DJs used to create remixes to the mp3 blogs and vinyl revivalists of the 21st century. This is Not A Remix challenges claims that ‘remix culture’ is a substantially new set of innovations and highlights the continuities and contradictions of the Internet era.
Through an historical focus on copy as a property and practice, This Is Not a Remix focuses on questions about the materiality of media, its use and the aesthetic dimensions of reproduction and circulation in digital networks. Through a close look at sometimes illicit forms of composition—including remixes, edits, mashup, bootlegs and playlists—Borschke ponders how and why ideals of authenticity persist in networked cultures where copies and copying are ubiquitous and seemingly at odds with romantic constructions of authorship. By teasing out unspoken assumptions about media and culture, this book offers fresh perspectives on the cultural politics of intellectual property in the digital era and poses questions about the promises, possibilities and challenges of network visibility and mobility.
Young Marble Giants' Colossal Youth
Authors: Blair Michael , Bucciero Joe 
Published: October 2017

Welsh post-punk band Young Marble Giants released one LP in 1980 and then, like their vanishing portraits on the album’s cover, disappeared. Even though Colossal Youth received positive reviews and sold surprisingly well, Young Marble Giants quickly slid into the margins of rock 'n' roll history—relegated to cult status among post-punk and indie rock fans. Their lasting appeal owes itself to the band’s singular approach and response to punk rock. Instead of employing overt political ideology and abrasive sounds to rebel against the status quo, Young Marble Giants filled their songs with restraint, ambiguity, and silence. The trio opened up their music to new sounds and ideas that redefined punk’s rules of rebellion.
Where did their rebellious ideas and impulses come from? By tracing Colossal Youth’s artistic origins from Ancient Greece to the 20th-century avant-garde, Michael Blair and Joe Bucciero uncover the intricacies of Young Marble Giants’ idiosyncratic take on music in the post-punk age. Emerging from the gaps in between the notes are new ways of hearing the history of punk, the political and economic turbulence of the late 1970s, and the world that surrounds us right now.
The Pharcyde's Bizarre Ride II the Pharcyde
Authors: Barker Andrew 
Published: October 2017

As immediately believable as they were cartoonish, as much an inner city cipher as a suburban boys gang, the foursome that made up the Pharcyde were the most relatable MCs to ever pass the mic. On their debut and magnum opus Bizarre Ride II the Pharcyde, they created a record almost overstuffed with possibility, the sound of four restless man-children fresh out of their teens, finding a perfect outlet in a form of music that was just as young and fertile.
And like the product of any adolescent, Bizarre Ride wears its contrarianism and contradictions on its sleeve. It's a party album about shyness and unrequited love. A swirl of jubilant L.A. psychedelia recorded in the midst of the Rodney King trial. A blast of black consciousness that still makes room to poke fun at Public Enemy and reference the Pixies. A dense, sophisticated sonic stew punctuated by yo mama jokes and prank calls. While hip-hop was already calcifying its tropes of steely machismo and aspirational fantasy, Bizarre Ride was a pure distillation of the average hip-hop listener's actual lifestyle—the joys and sorrows of four guys who were young, broke, sexually frustrated, and way too clever for their own good. A touchstone for Kanye West, Drake, Lil B and a whole generation of off-center MCs, Bizarre Ride sketched out a whole strata of emotions that other rappers hadn't yet dared to tackle, and to a certain extent, still haven't.
Supercell's Supercell featuring Hatsune Miku
Authors: Yamada Keisuke 
Published: October 2017

The lead singer on Supercell’s eponymous first album is Hatsune Miku—a Vocaloid character created by Crypton Future Media with voice synthesizers. A virtual superstar, over 100,000 songs, uploaded mostly by fans, are attributed to her. Supercell is a Japanese creator music group with the composer Ryo leading ten artists, who design album illustrations and make music videos. These videos are uploaded onto Niconico and other video-sharing sites. By the time Supercell was released in March 2009, the group’s Vocaloid works were already well-known to Niconico users and fans. This book explores the Vocaloid and DTM (desktop music) phenomena through the lenses of media and fan studies, looking closely at online social media platforms, the new technology for composing, avid fans of the Vocaloid character, and these fans’ performative practices. It provides a sense of how interactive new media and an empowered fan base combine to engage in the creation processes and enhance the circulation of DTM works.
33 1/3 Global, a series related to but independent from 33 1/3, takes the format of the original series of short, music-basedbooks and brings the focus to music throughout the world. With initial volumes focusing on Japanese and Brazilian music, the series will also include volumes on the popular music of Australia/Oceania, Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and more.