bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Among Body Image, Anthropometric Parameters and Mental Health in Physical Education Students
Authors: Legey Sandro , Lamego Murilo Khede , Lattari Eduardo , Campos Carlos , Paes Flávia , Sancassiani Federica , Mura Gioia , Carta Mauro Giovanni , Rocha Nuno Barbosa F. , Nardi Antônio Egídio , José de Oliveira Aldair , Neto Geraldo Maranhão , Murillo-Rodriguez Eric , Arias-Carrión Oscar , Budde Henning , Machado Sergio 
Published: December 2016

Background
The prevalence of body image dissatisfaction (BID) is currently high. Given that psychological well-being is associated with the body measurements imposed by esthetic standards, BID is an important risk factor for mental disorders.

Objective
Identify the prevalence of BID, and compare anthropometric and mental health parameters between individuals satisfied and dissatisfied with their body image.

Method
A total of 140 university students completed the silhouette scale to screen for BID. Anthropometric measures, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and body fat percentage (BFP) were used. To investigate mental health, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventories (STAI-S and STAI-T), Profile of Mood States (POMS) scale and Quality of Life (QOL-36) questionnaire were used to investigate mental health. The Student’s t-test was applied to compare anthropometric and mental health parameters.

Results
67.1% of university students exhibited BID. There was a significant difference (p = 0.041) in BF and WC (p = 0.048) between dissatisfied and satisfied individuals. With respect to mood states, significant differences were observed for anger (p = 0.014), depression (p = 0.011), hostility (p = 0.006), fatigue (p = 0.013), mental confusion (p = 0.021) and total mood disturbance (TMD) (p = 0.001). The mental aspect of QOL was significantly higher (p = 0.001) in satisfied university students compared to their dissatisfied counterparts.

Conclusion
BID was high and it seems to be influenced by anthropometric measures related to the amount and distribution of body fat. This dissatisfaction may have a negative effect on the quality of life and mood state of young adults.
Cleaning Effectiveness of a Reciprocating Single-file and a Conventional Rotary Instrumentation System
Authors: de Carvalho Fredson Marcio Acris , Gonçalves Leonardo Cantanhede de Oliveira , Marques André Augusto Franco , Alves Vanessa , Bueno Carlos Eduardo da Silveira , De Martin Alexandre Sigrist 
Published: December 2016

Objective:To compare cleaning effectiveness by histological analysis of a reciprocating single-file system with ProTaper rotary instruments during the preparation of curved root canals in extracted teeth.Methods:A total of 40 root canals with curvatures ranging between 20 - 40 degrees were divided into two groups of 20 canals. Canals were prepared to the following apical sizes: Reciproc size 25 (n=20); ProTaper: F2 (n=20). The normal distribution of data was tested by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the values obtained for the test (Mann-Whitney U test,P< .05) were statistically analyzed using the GraphPad InStat for the Mac OS software (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA, USA).Results:There were no significant differences in remaining debris (P > .05) between the two groups.Conclusion:The application of reciprocating motion during instrumentation did not result in increased debris when compared with continuous rotation motion, even in the apical part of curved canals. Both instruments resulted in debris in the canal lumen, irrespective of the movement kinematics applied.
The Use of Smartphone Applications in Medical Education
Authors: Snashall E. , Hindocha S. 
Published: December 2016

Introduction:
With the rise of computer technology, there has seen a shift in the delivery of medical education towards e-learning. Specifically, there has been increased use smartphone technology and applications (app) use.

Aim:
The aim of this article is to assess the use of medical apps amongst medical students.

Results:
89% of respondents owned a smart device. Of these, 98% used Apps. Medical applications were used in 82% of the “App user” population. Apps were used for medical learning purposes in 85% of this population, of which 93% found them useful. If a more comprehensive medical learning application were to be available, 97% of responders would consider using it.

Conclusion:
The use of smart devices and medical apps is prevalent amongst medical students and will continue to rise in the future. Medical apps may be a very important adjunct in medical education however the evidence remains limited. To keep up with technological advances and meet the learning needs of medical students both now and in the future, more research is required to assess and address these needs.
Pequeños productores de maíz en el Caribe colombiano: estudio de sus atributos y prácticas agrícolas
Authors: Garrido-Rubiano María Fernanda , Martínez-Medrano Juan Carlos , Martínez-Bautista Humberto , Granados-Carvajal Rafael Evelio , Rendón-Medel Roberto 
Published: December 2016

<p><span>La agricultura familiar es la responsable de la mayor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>parte de la producción de los alimentos en América<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Latina. Sin embargo, es evidente que las innovaciones tecnológicas desarrolladas para mejorar la productividad del cultivo de maíz Zea mays L. (Poaceae) no son del todo utilizadas por los pequeños productores. Con el objetivo de evaluar los atributos sociales, económicos y ambientales de los pequeños productores de maíz en el Caribe colombiano, se aplicó una encuesta estructurada a 227 productores de<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>los departamentos de Atlántico y Magdalena, que<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>fueron seleccionados mediante un esquema de muestreo estratificado. La información resultante fue estudiada con un modelo de regresión Poissontruncado en cero mediante el paquete estadístico stata®. Estos resultados permitieron inferir que para el departamento del Atlántico, los indicadores de edad, educación, índice de iniciativa, tenencia de la tierra, uso de maquinaria y apoyo institucional presentaron significancia estadística (p&lt;0,10); mientras que, para el departamento del Magdalena, los indicadores de índice de iniciativa, educación, tenencia de la tierra, capacidad de asociación, apoyo institucional y régimen hídrico presentaron significación estadística (p&lt;0,10), en relación con el número de prácticas empleadas. Se concluye que la innovación resulta de un proceso complejo en el que influyen factores internos (del propio innovador) y externos (del contexto cultural e institucional).</span></p>
STUDI ISLAM DALAM KAJIAN HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sadari Sadari 
Published: December 2016

This article offers a study of h}udu>di> (limit) in Islamic family law contained in the Indonesian Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). The study of h}udu>di is nothing other than the process of desacralization that KHI becomes progressive in line with the development of modernity and in the context of Indonesian-ness. To that end, this article makes two efforts, firstly, by rejecting the idea that gives no attention to limit in one hand, and secondly, by strengthening the thoughts of scholars who offer new ijtihad both in its concept until to methodology. Thought that strengthens it came from Syrian figure, namely Muh}ammad Shah}ru>r, through a plausibility structure. His study of hudud supported Nurcholish Madjid idea about the de-sacralization, so as to perform the coherence between KHI to human rights issues, democracy, nation-state, civil society, and constitutionalism. So this article supports the spirit of de-sacralization - in addition to not abandon its sacralization - initiated by Nurcholish Madjid. The source of this study is KHI, by using the hudud paradigm, that based on a maxim of sabat al-nas wa harakah al-muhtawa, meaning that the text is permanent , but the content moves. So that the rule of law is always rooted in liminality based on the text, which is the pivot of study centered on the text toward the context, not vice versa.
RESOLUSI PENANGANAN GAFATAR PASCA DIBUBARKAN OLEH PEMERINTAH PROVINSI BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Rajab Hadarah 
Published: December 2016

This study attempts to describe activity GAFATAR in Bangkabelitung after dissolved.The results of research suggest that after the dissolution of GAFATAR, his followers still keep his view that the organization GAFATAR did not teach something subverted from tenets or the rule of law or customary is in this country, and not fund that members of GAFATAR know are the anew after Muhammad saw. They feel this would be a belief where confidence any will be guaranteed in national unity of the republic of Indonesia. On the other hand, after the dissolution of GAFATAR phenomenon, on the surface is looks calmly but still needs to be alert by Karen due to the emergence of GAFATAR the life of his followers be chaotic and misery of then responsibility the leaders GAFATAR there is no.Joy and this phenomenon people who were subjected to experienced depress social in the massif.
Quantitative and qualitative 5-aminolevulinic acid–induced protoporphyrin IX fluorescence in skull base meningiomas
Authors: Bekelis Kimon , Valdés Pablo A. , Erkmen Kadir , Leblond Frederic , Kim Anthony , Wilson Brian C. , Harris Brent T. , Paulsen Keith D. , Roberts David W. 
Published: December 2016

Object
Complete resection of skull base meningiomas provides patients with the best chance for a cure; however, surgery is frequently difficult given the proximity of lesions to vital structures, such as cranial nerves, major vessels, and venous sinuses. Accurate discrimination between tumor and normal tissue is crucial for optimal tumor resection. Qualitative assessment of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence following the exogenous administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has demonstrated utility in malignant glioma resection but limited use in meningiomas. Here the authors demonstrate the use of ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence guidance in resecting a skull base meningioma and elaborate on the advantages and disadvantages provided by both quantitative and qualitative fluorescence methodologies in skull base meningioma resection.

Methods
A 52-year-old patient with a sphenoid wing WHO Grade I meningioma underwent tumor resection as part of an institutional review board–approved prospective study of fluorescence-guided resection. A surgical microscope modified for fluorescence imaging was used for the qualitative assessment of visible fluorescence, and an intraoperative probe for in situ fluorescence detection was utilized for quantitative measurements of PpIX. The authors assessed the detection capabilities of both the qualitative and quantitative fluorescence approaches.

Results
The patient harboring a sphenoid wing meningioma with intraorbital extension underwent radical resection of the tumor with both visibly and nonvisibly fluorescent regions. The patient underwent a complete resection without any complications. Some areas of the tumor demonstrated visible fluorescence. The quantitative probe detected neoplastic tissue better than the qualitative modified surgical microscope. The intraoperative probe was particularly useful in areas that did not reveal visible fluorescence, and tissue from these areas was confirmed as tumor following histopathological analysis.

Conclusions
Fluorescence-guided resection may be a useful adjunct in the resection of skull base meningiomas. The use of a quantitative intraoperative probe to detect PpIX concentration allows more accurate determination of neoplastic tissue in meningiomas than visible fluorescence and is readily applicable in areas, such as the skull base, where complete resection is critical but difficult because of the vital structures surrounding the pathology.
Surgical nuances for removal of olfactory groove meningiomas using the endoscopic endonasal transcribriform approach
Authors: Liu James K. , Christiano Lana D. , Patel Smruti K. , Tubbs R. Shane , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: December 2016

Olfactory groove meningiomas represent 10% of intracranial meningiomas and arise in the midline of the anterior cranial fossa along the dura of the cribriform plate and planum sphenoidale. Hyperostosis of the adjacent underlying bone is common, and further extension into ethmoid sinuses and nasal cavity can occur in 15%–25% of cases. Radical tumor resection including the involved dural attachment and underlying hyperostotic bone offers the best chance of a Simpson Grade I resection to minimize recurrence. Incomplete removal of involved hyperostotic bone can result in tumor recurrence at the cribriform plate with extension into the paranasal sinuses. Resection has traditionally been performed using a bifrontal or pterional approach, both of which require some degree of brain retraction or manipulation to expose the tumor.
The endoscopic endonasal transcribriform approach offers the most direct and immediate exposure to the tumor without brain retraction and manipulation of neurovascular structures. An endonasal “keyhole craniectomy” is performed in the ventral skull base directly over the basal dural attachment, extending from the posterior wall of the frontal sinus to the planum sphenoidale and tuberculum sellae in the anteroposterior plane, and from one medial orbit to the other in the coronal plane. Excellent panoramic visualization of the keyhole skull base defect can be obtained with a 30° endoscope after performing a modified Lothrop procedure. Because the dural attachment is adjacent to the paranasal sinuses, early devascularization and total Simpson Grade I removal of the tumor including the dural attachment and underlying hyperostotic bone can be achieved in properly selected patients. This approach is also very suitable for meningiomas that have recurred or extended into the paranasal sinuses. Extracapsular, extraarachnoid dissection of the tumor from the frontal lobes and neurovascular structures can be performed using conventional bimanual microsurgical techniques.
In this report, we review the surgical technique and describe our operative nuances for removal of olfactory groove meningiomas, including recurrent tumors with extension into the nasal cavity, using a purely endoscopic endonasal transcribriform approach. In addition, we discuss the advantages, limitations, patient selection, and complications of this approach. We specifically highlight our technique for multilayer reconstruction of large anterior skull base dural defects using fascia lata and acellular dermal allograft supplemented by bilateral vascularized pedicled nasoseptal flaps. Three new cases of endoscopically resected olfactory groove meningiomas are also presented.
Posterior interhemispheric retrocallosal approach to pineal region and posterior fossa lesions in a pediatric population
Authors: Davidson Laurence , Krieger Mark D. , McComb J. Gordon 
Published: December 2016

Object
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the posterior interhemispheric retrocallosal approach (PIRA) for its safety and efficacy in the resection of pineal region and posterior fossa lesions in children.

Methods
Twenty-nine PIRAs were performed in 26 children between March 1997 and March 2009, and these cases were retrospectively reviewed. There were 15 girls and 11 boys in the series. The median age at the time of surgery was 7 years (range 7 months–17 years). Twenty-seven cases were treated for tumor, 1 for loculated hydrocephalus, and 1 for an aneurysm.

Results
Of the 27 cases treated for tumor, there were 20 (74%) gross-total resections, 5 (19%) subtotal resections, and 2 (7%) biopsies. One bridging vein was sacrificed in 6 cases and 2 bridging veins were divided in 1 case, whereas in 3 cases there was sacrifice of a single deep cerebral vein. No patient developed radiographic evidence of venous infarction. Approach-related complications were low, and included 2 cases of transient homonymous hemianopia. There were no surgery-related deaths.

Conclusions
This approach allows for ample access to pineal region and posterior fossa lesions, with low postoperative morbidity.
Multidisciplinary approach to cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection with an appeal for attention to details in assessment and standardization in reporting
Authors: Winston Ken R. , Dolan Susan A. 
Published: December 2016

Object
The goal of this study was to evaluate the problems encountered in monitoring CSF shunt infection, including the collection, analysis, and reporting of data. The authors propose a system that would produce more accurate, and hence more meaningful, information on shunt infection than do the methodologies and customs now in common use.

Methods
The authors reviewed and analyzed 19 years of quarterly records of a committee that has addressed CSF shunt infection in an ongoing manner.

Results
There are strong incentives, political and otherwise, to identify low rates of CSF shunt infection. Details of the composition and operation of a multidisciplinary approach to CSF shunt infection are summarized. Many factors affect the occurrence of shunt infection and its accurate assessment and reporting. Easily accessible sources for the identification of cases of shunt infections and for the assessment of an at-risk population often contain discrepancies in significant numbers.

Conclusions
Multidisciplinary oversight of the entire matter of CSF shunt infection enhances the chances for collecting accurate data, identifying causes of infection, and developing effective preventative strategies. Valid data require a mechanism for finding all individuals within the at-risk pool; the accurate identification of patients who had shunt infections; standard, pragmatic, and robust criteria for diagnosis of shunt infection; and multidisciplinary oversight of the entire process.
Pediatric patients with poor neurological status and arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage: an outcome analysis
Authors: Singhal Ash , Adirim Tara , Cochrane Doug , Steinbok Paul 
Published: December 2016

Object
In general, patients who present with low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and/or fixed and dilated pupils are not expected to do well following arteriovenous malformation (AVM) hemorrhage. However, there is a sense among neurosurgeons that pediatric patients may make a better recovery than adults following such an event. There have been few studies focusing on the outcome of pediatric patients with poor neurological status following AVM hemorrhage. The purpose of this study was to characterize functional outcome in pediatric patients with severe disability after AVM hemorrhage.

Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of clinical presentation and outcome in 15 patients seen at the authors' pediatric hospital presenting with low GCS scores (defined as GCS ≤ 8) following AVM hemorrhage.

Results
Initial GCS scores ranged from 3 to 6, and 11 of 14 patients had fixed pupils on clinical examination (data were not available in 1 patient). Eight of 15 patients suffered primarily a lobar hemorrhage, 3 suffered primarily infratentorial bleeding, 2 suffered primarily hemorrhages of the basal ganglia, and 2 suffered intraventricular hemorrhage. The overall mortality rate was 20% (3 of 15 patients). The clinical outcome of survivors was defined by the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) and Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC) scores at follow-up. One year after AVM hemorrhage, 7 (58%) of the 12 surviving patients showed normal or mild disability (PCPC Score 1 or 2), whereas 5 (42%) of 12 patients had moderate or severe disability (PCPC Score 3 or 4). No patients were in a coma or vegetative state, and 11 (92%) of the 12 patients were functioning independently (POPC Score 1, 2, or 3) 1 year after AVM hemorrhage. All patients were functionally independent by last follow-up, with 8 patients (67%) in the normal or mild disability PCPC category, and 4 in the moderate category (PCPC Score 3). All 12 survivors made a meaningful recovery and went on to live independent lives.

Conclusions
Pediatric patients suffering AVM hemorrhage have a good outcome and are able to function independently, despite a poor neurological state initially.
Complications associated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein use in pediatric craniocervical arthrodesis
Authors: Lindley Timothy E. , Dahdaleh Nader S. , Menezes Arnold H. , Abode-Iyamah Kingsley O. 
Published: December 2016

Object
Management of pediatric occipitocervical instability remains especially challenging. The off-label use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 for spinal fusion has increased with a well-documented increase in fusion rate in many case series. Unfortunately, recent reports have documented complications associated with rhBMP use in adult spinal fusions. Complications associated with the use of rhBMP in pediatric spinal surgery is less well understood. In this study the authors report on the fusion rate and complications associated with rhBMP in pediatric occipitocervical arthrodesis.

Methods
The authors reviewed the medical records of those patients 18 years old and younger who underwent dorsal occipitocervical fusion from January 2004 to December 2007 at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Forty-eight patients were identified who received rhBMP-augmented fusion. The clinical outcome and complications of these fusions were analyzed.

Results
All 48 patients had fusion confirmed on lateral radiographs within 4–14 months with an average fusion time of 6.7 months. There were 6 complications, 5 of which included seroma formation. Two of 5 patients who developed postoperative seroma presented with symptoms suggesting brainstem compression and obstructive hydrocephalus requiring emergency reoperation. One patient developed heterotopic bone formation causing cervicomedullary compression requiring reoperation.

Conclusions
The use of rhBMP to augment autograft in occipitocervical fusion allows for a high rate of successful arthrodesis, but is associated with potentially life-threatening complications in pediatric patients.