bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathological patterns of head and neck lesions - a two year retrospective hospital based study
Authors: Sharma Mahima , Sharma Anuja , Gandhi Shivani , Khajuria Arvind , Goswami K. C. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Head and neck lesions include a spectrum of pathological lesions ranging from simple benign to highly malignant entities. These lesions contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality of patients. The aim of this study was to determine the histological patterns of head and neck lesions, both non- neoplastic and neoplastic and to analyse the data in relation to age, gender, topography.Methods: A two year retrospective study was conducted in the Post Graduate Department of Pathology, ASCOMS and Hospital and histopathological data pertaining to all head and neck lesions was reviewed. Each case was analysed with respect to age, gender, site and histological type.Results: One hundred and forty-five cases from the head and neck region were analysed during this two-year period. Age range was from 3 months to 85 years with maximum cases in the age group of 21-50 years (51.03%). The Male: Female ratio was 1.37:1. In our study, 53.79% benign, 24.13% inflammatory and 22.06% malignant cases were recorded. Maximum number of benign lesions was in the age group of 21-50 years. Malignancies were noted to be higher in ages 51 years and above. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignancy observed.Conclusions: We conclude that site specific data like this is helpful in evaluating patterns of head and neck lesions and augment the base line data of institute and the region.
A comparative study of totally extraperitoneal versus transabdominal preperitoneal repair of inguinal hernias
Authors: P. B. Sudarshan , B. S. Sundaravadanan , S. Prabu Shankar 
Published: March 2017

Background: The two common procedures which are nowadays commonly performed for laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia are transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) mesh repair. This retrospective study was aimed to compare these two, TAPP and TEP laparoscopic approaches for inguinal hernia repair in terms of various outcomes.Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 50 cases of inguinal hernia who underwent laparoscopic approach of inguinal hernia repair at Saveetha medical college and hospital between 2014 and 2016 for a duration of 3 years. Various parameters including the age, sex of patient, type of hernia, preoperative and post-operative complications, duration of hospital stay was analysed.Results: Of the 50 patients who underwent laparoscopic repair, 26 patients underwent TEP and 24 patients under went TAPP procedure. 31 cases were indirect inguinal hernias and 30 cases were direct inguinal hernias, totalling 61 hernia repairs, as 11 patients had bilateral hernia. One female inguinal hernia and 4 cases of recurrent hernia were operated by TAPP method. Postoperative complications like seroma formation; subcutaneous emphysema was seen in TEP group. Two cases of TEP were converted to TAPP and open lichenstein procedure. Postoperative pain was less in both the group. Patients who underwent TEP procedure spent less time in the hospital compared to those who underwent TAPP procedure.Conclusions: There is no major difference in the outcome after TEP and TAPP surgeries except for some minor complications and the results are comparable in both techniques TAPP and TEP. Both the procedures can be practiced according to surgeon’s familiarity of the procedure.
Subdural haemorrhage secondary to arachnoid cyst rupture from scuba diving
Authors: Richardson Emily A. , Gan Peter 
Published: March 2017

We describe a case of intracranial arachnoid cyst rupture leading to ipsilateral subacute subdural haemorrhage secondary to scuba diving in a previously healthy adult male. Our patient required urgent trephination of the cranium to evacuate the subdural haemorrhage and recovered well post operatively. To our knowledge this is the first case reported in the literature of arachnoid cyst rupture with concomitant subdural haemorrhage from scuba diving. This case may have implications for information provided to patients with arachnoid cysts.
PERANAN ZINC PADA PENANGANAN KASUS PENYAKIT DIARE YANG DIALAMI BAYI MAUPUN BALITA
Authors: Riskiyah Riskiyah 
Published: March 2017

In Indonesia, diarrhea still is one of top problem public health for causing morbidity and many deaths. All age groups can be attacked by diarrhea, but severe disease with high mortality especially in infants and toddlers. WHO and UNICEF recommend about management of diarrhea in children namely by adding a supplementation of zinc (Zn) on oral rehydration therapy. Zinc functions in the immune system as a second messenger in signal transduction, cell immunity and nutritional immunity. Zinc also plays an important role in reducing the risk and severity of diarrhea. From some research shows that the effects of therapeutic zinc supplementation can reduce the duration of diarrhea, stool output and stool frequency. The supplementation of 20 mg of zinc per day on the eradication of child diarrhea are less than 5 years and 10 mg per day for infants less than 6 months for 10-14 days. The beneficial effects of zinc supplementation in diarrhea that can speed up the regeneration of the epithelium lining the intestine, increasing the absorption of water and electrolytes in the intestine, increase enzyme levels enterocyte brush-border, and enhance the immune response that can speed up clearance of pathogens from the gut.
Effect of acidulated phosphate fluoride – gel and foam – on enamel caries-like lesion of primary teeth: an in vitro study
Authors: Souza Karin Faust , Miranda Carla , Almeida Izabel Cristina Santos 
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of APF, gel and foam, for 1 to 4 minutes, on artificial enamel caries-like lesion of primary teeth submitted to the pH cycling. The specimens with medium values of initial superficial enamel micro-hardness between 272 and 331KHN were selected for the formation of the artificial caries lesion. Later, they were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=15): no pH cycling control, cycled control, gel 1min, gel 4min, foam 1min and foam 4min.The no pH cycling control group was maintained in an humid environment, while the application of APF and the pH cycling were accomplished. After, the specimens were sectioned at the center for the enamel cross-sectional micro-hardness test. The values of micro-hardness of the depths from 20 to 180mm were converted into percentile of mineral volume (%Vol) and the area of mineral recovery (∆ZR) was calculated. In spite of there is no statistically significant differences, it was observed through the analysis of the ∆ZR a difference in the values for the groups gel 1min and foam 4min (p>0.05). The evaluation of %Vol indicated a significant difference only at 60mm depth (p=0.005). This study concluded that a single application of APF gel or foam, for 1 or 4 minutes, do not remineralize artificial enamel caries-like lesion of primary teeth
Effect of calcium chloride on the pH values of several formulations of calcium hydroxide mixed with chlorhexidine digluconate
Authors: Marins-de-Azevedo Hemanoely , Montenario Rodrigo Vargas Conti , Crespo Mariana Pires , Kuga Milton Carlos , Nascimento Camila Almeida 
Published: March 2017

This study evaluated the effect of the addition of 5% calcium chlorite (CaCl2) on pH values in calcium hydroxide pastes (CH), with or without 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) used as vehicle, in several periods analysis. Polyethylene tubes were filled with CH mixed with water (G1), 2% CHX solution (G2) or gel (G3), or CHX solution or gel with 5% CaCl2 (G4 and G5, respectively). All tubes were individually immersed in distilled water. After 12, 24 hours, 7, 14 and 28 days, pH value was evaluated directly in water which the tubes were stored. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05). In 24 hs and 14 days, pH values were similar to all groups. In 12 hs, the G1 presented lower pH value than other groups except to G4 (p < 0.05), and G4 presented lower pH value than G5 (p < 0.05). In 7 days, G1 presented lower pH value than G4 and G5 (p < 0.05). In 28 days, G1 and G5 presented lower pH values than G2 and G4 (p < 0.05) and among other groups there are no statistical differences (p > 0.05). The pH values increased in long-term analysis to all CH pastes. The association of 5% calcium chloride with 2% CHX solution as vehicle of CH paste provided a pH value increase in relation to CH mixed with distilled water. The CHX gel interfered negatively on pH value in comparison to CHX solution when mixed with CaCl2.
Multicentric caries prevention program: Mechanical control of dental plaque through periodic professional oral prophylaxis. A 10 years follow up
Authors: Lima José Eduardo De Oliveira , Cardoso Cristiane Almeida Baldini , Grazziotin Gladis Benjamina , Honório Heitor Marques , Mocelini Ronize Fátima Pigosso , Santos e Silva Luely Ribeiro de Carros , Nackachima Elisa Kumiko , Lima Daniela Carmesini de Oliveira 
Published: March 2017

AIM: To verify the incidence of dental caries in a multicentric prevention program applied in pediatric dentistry clinics from different regions of Brazil for 10 years, and compare with results obtained by previous studies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 697 children of both genders, ranging from 30 months to 15 years, were included in a primary preventive strategy program for mechanical control of dental plaque through professional prophylaxis (sodium bicarbonate jet on a monthly schedule). Diagnosis of carious lesions was assessed by monthly clinical examinations and annual radiographs. This procedure aimed to provide a biological equilibrium without producing undesirable side effects. RESULTS: The average age of children at beginning of the program was 81.71 months. Before entering the program the children presented an average of 2.66 lesions/surface, while during the program the average was 0.20 lesions/surface; the incidence rate of caries per year before starting the program was on average 0.62 lesions/surface while during the program it was 0.05 lesions/surface; the time of permanence in the program was on average 44.15 months and the absence rate was 0.14 per year. CONCLUSION: The results confirm the effectiveness of the program, even when applied by different professionals and in different groups of children, turning it into an indispensible method for the control of dental caries.
In vitro evaluation of anti-adherence activity of the Ocimum basilicum l. (basil) extract and of the Coriandrum sativum l. (coriander) in acrylic surface of removable orthodontic appliances
Authors: Ferreira Fabíola Iahn , Bernardi Adilson Cesar Abreu , Lunardi Nadia , Boeck Neto Rodolfo Jorge , Boeck Eloisa Marcantonio 
Published: March 2017

AIM: The aim of this study is evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the Ocimum basilicum L. (basil) extract and of the Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) extract in biofilm of Streptococcus mutans colonized in specimens confectioned in acrylic used to confection removable orthodontic appliances. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To perform this work, specimens were confectioned (spherical discs in sterile acrylic) which were immersed in extracts pure and in series dilutions (1:2 a 1:128) by 24, 48 and 72 hours. For each time of exposition, the disintegration of bacterial films was performed by sonication in saline solution. RESULTS: The results obtained were satisfactory for the extracts studied on the inhibition of biofilm formation. CONCLUSION: We conclude that polyphenols present in the extracts interfered on the glucan synthesis engine, possibly inhibiting the enzymes (glucosyl- and fructosyl transferase) which synthesize the extracellular polymers, also acting as antioxidant, and therewith they presented antimicrobial activity.
A multidisciplinary approach to restoration of severely worn dentition: a case report
Authors: Sreekumar A V , C Mohammed Sajeer P , Chengappa Levin 
Published: March 2017

Severe caries, attrition and developmental anomalies of anterior teeth lead to loss of anterior guidance. This in turn causes attrition of posterior teeth and loss of occlusal vertical dimension of occlusion . To gain the space for esthetic rehabilitation in these cases is challenging task. The required space can be achieved by crown lengthening and increasing the vertical dimension of occlusion within physiologic limits..We, hereby have presented a case report showing the treatment procedure of a patient with severely worn dentition in a simple and systematic multidisciplinary approach to improve the function as well as aesthetics , that also remains in harmony with the entire gnathostomatic system.
Pediatric cancer: epidemiologic profile of attended children in a reference center in the state of Para
Authors: Hanna Leila Maués Oliveira , De Araújo Rodolfo José Gomes , Santos Maria Teresa Botti Rodrigues , De Andrade Filho Gelson Gomes 
Published: March 2017

Aim: To describe the epidemiological findings of children diagnosed with cancer in a referral center.Material and Methods: Daily at Ophir Loyola Hospital visits were made - Belém / PA, in clinical pediatric oncology sector, from December 2013 to June 2014. The sample comprised 46 children 2-12 years, diagnosed with cancer, which was already or would begin anticancer treatment. A questionnaire containing questions about family, socioeconomic and environmental aspects was applied..Results: The most frequent neoplasia LLA was followed by nephroblastoma, neuroblastoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and osteosarcoma. The genre most affected by childhood cancer was male. The age group with the predominant prevalence were children aged 8-12 years. By observing the religious belief that it was possible to detect most practiced Catholicism. The practice of sports is not part of the daily lives of these children. The origin of these families had dominated for deriving from the state. As the rating distribution of households according to the Economic Classification Criterion Brazil, the two classes were most frequently C2 and D. Conclusions: We sought, in this article, to demonstrate the epidemiological profile of children seen at a referral center in the state of Para. Research like this, identifying population groups at highest risk or with more unfavorable prognosis, provide health authorities and researchers in the area of cancer with an important instrument in the definition of health necessary for proper control and prevention of the disease.
Are there evidences of correlation between temporomandibular dysfunction and orthodontic treatment?
Authors: Brochini Ana Paula Zanetti , Dela Coleta Thiago Eiras , Coleta Roberto Dela , Micheloni Ana Lúcia Franco , Pizzol Karina Eiras Dela Coleta 
Published: March 2017

Aim: The aim of this study was verifying, through literature review, whether there are evidences of correlation between temporomandibular dysfunctions and the orthodontic treatment.Material and Methods: Papers published from 1981 to 2015 were excluded and 41 articles and 06 books composed this review.Results: It is known that temporomandibular dysfunctions is a general term that represents signals and symptoms involving masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint and associated structures, and it is the main cause of pain from non-dental origin in the orofacial region, including head, face and other structures. Its etiology is multifactorial involving a large number of direct and indirect causes. Among them, the occlusion was already considered one of the main etiological factors for temporomandibular dysfunction. From epidemiological studies, it is known that signals and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction occur in healthy people, they are common in children and adolescents and tend to increase with age, particularly after adolescence, from 13 to 45 years old. The hypothesis for causality between orthodontics and temporomandibular dysfunction has led to legal problems for dentists and orthodontists. For these reasons, the interest on the relation among occlusal factors, orthodontic treatments and temporomandibular dysfunction has growth and several studies were carried out. Conclusions: We conclude that until this moment, it is not possible affirm that the orthodontic treatment could prevent, cure or cause temporomandibular dysfunction.
ANALISE COMPARATIVA DE MODELOS DE OTIMIZAÇÃO NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Schlender Sérgio Guilherme , Malheiros Marco Antonio da Costa 
Published: March 2017

<p>O presente trabalho propõe uma análise comparativa dos modelos de otimização no mercado brasileiro. A utilização dos modelos é baseada na substituição da variância pelo Valor em Risco (VaR) e a Perda Esperada (ES) como medida de risco. A análise separa em dois momentos distintos: um dentro da amostra, em retornos diários compreendidos entre janeiro de 2003 a dezembro de 2010; e outro fora da amostra, numa periodicidade diária de retornos de janeiro de 2010<br />a dezembro de 2013. Como resultados, observa-se que tanto dentro da amostra como no horizonte de investimento de longo prazo fora da amostra, modelos ligados às medidas de risco apresentaram<br />melhores desempenhos, sobretudo em caso de quebra do mercado. Por outro lado, no curto e médio prazos de investimento, as estratégias de mínima-variância e média-variância obtiveram os melhores resultados. Economicamente, o investidor pode se utilizar dos modelos para maior segurança na alocação de seus ativos em períodos turbulentos. Em implicações teóricas, verifica-se a importância da não utilizar excessivamente apenas um único modelo de otimização para a gestão de portfólios.</p>
Pit Management Strategies: Monitoring, Souring, and Freeze Controls
Authors: Maugans Clay , Banda Nate 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This paper focuses on the management strategies in oilfield pits for fresh water and produced water storage. Priorty topics include fouling, evaporation and freezing, and monitoring of volume, leaks, spills, quality, illegal dumping & theft. Suggested practices are given related to digital oil field approaches, physical handling, and configuration. The digital oilfield includes items such as level sensors tied to telemetry systems providing depth and volume updates and alarms. Leaks are monitored by sumps, and digital sensors are starting to be placed in those inter-liner sump locations. Fouling is particularly a concern with produced water storage, and this can bemonitored via sensors like ORP, and controllable by use of aeration systems. Evaporation is also monitored by telemetry systems, and controllable by use of covers and aeration systems. Freeze behavior is also paritially controllable by aeration systems. The results are better optimized management and risk mitigation.
Barite Nanoparticles Reduce the Cement Fluid Loss
Authors: Atashnezhad Amin , Coryell Tyler , Hareland Geir 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Cement fluid loss can cause loss of cement quality and its functionality. A common cement system with fluid loss problems is a system containing weighting agents. Barite, which is used in cement to increase the slurry weight, is one example. In this paper, the effect of barite nanoparticles (NPs) in different concentrations on cement fluid loss was investigated.
Barite NPs were generated via dry grinding method using a high-energy ball grinder. The barite NPs were added to the cement slurry in various concentrations, and a low pressure low temperature (LPLT) static fluid loss tester was used to measure the cement fluid loss in the laboratory.
It was observed that, as the nanoparticles concentration increases from 0 to 5 percent by weight of total slurry, the average fluid loss decreases by about half. Results showed that about 50 percent filtration reduction can be achieved by replacing 3% weight of normal barite with barite NPs in the cement slurry. The experimental tests presented herein also show the effect the fluid loss has on cement thickening time, clearly identifying that the cementing fluid loss must be integrated into the design of the cementing operation design and pumping schedule. It verified that adding barite NPs to cement slurry is promising from both a technical and cost saving perspective. The novelty of this research is in the application of barite NPs at low concentrations to reduce cement fluid loss significantly. Reducing the cement fluid loss can prevent many problems such as low quality cement due to poor crystallization, high equivalent circulation density (ECD), which results in formation failure during cementing jobs. The results presented herein also show a significant fluid loss effect on the cement thickening time. Lower cement thickening time seen due to fluid losses to the formation can cause the cement to set before completing cement placement, fluid channeling between the cement and formation, and low compressive strength cement.
Horizontal Production Logging Service Quality Best Practices Utilizing Procedural Flow Chart Methods
Authors: Heddleston Duncan 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Over the past 20 years the industry has focused on drilling and completing horizontal producing wells, in order to develop better deliverability and better UER across the reservoir. The past 10 years igniting the unconventional reservoirs across the US the majority of wells drilled and completed are horizontal wells. These types of wells are traditionally drilled with various inclinations, trajectories which porpoise across the reservoir interval. Horizontal lateral sections consist of numerous selectively stimulated stages containing greater than 20 stages spread out across 2,000 ft to 15,000 ft of horizontal interval.
In order to understand how a producing horizontal lateral section contributes, is to deploy production log technology across the lateral while the well is flowing back. The production log system & survey is the only direct method to measure the performance of the well, how each stage and perforation cluster contributes, oil, water and gas. The production log tool comprises of various measurements such as fluid capacitance, fluid density, holdup, which measures the oil, water gas content, cross sectional holdup and velocity as fluids enter the lateral section.
The production log system can be deployed with two separate methods, coiled tubing deployment or wireline with a well tractor situated on top of the production log tool string. It is highly recommended that the production log survey be performed using a procedure and program created by an experience specialist production logging personnel. This will increase the probability the service will deliver a representative result & value to the oil company. However, whether by customer decisions, inadequate service company knowledge, lack of experience in how the tools and deployment methods should be run & how the well should be performing during the survey; the production log surveys, at time may not deliver a quality product. A full service production log service including deployment, the price point offering is ~ $100,000 to &gt; $1,000,000. A slip up in service quality leads to the service not being performed in the future or leaves a negative view on the service over all.
This paper will discuss the benefits pit falls of horizontal production log survey application, deployment & acquiring quality results. The paper will show case examples of productions logs run with various deployment methods & identify benefits and issues during the survey. This paper will present a best practices novel procedural flow-chart for the industry to follow, that can assist and help production logging, wireline, tractor, coiled tubing deployment service companies, and the oil company engineering group to execute properly a quality production log service survey.