bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type-II Dirac photons
Authors: Wang Hai-Xiao , Chen Yige , Hang Zhi Hong , Kee Hae-Young , Jiang Jian-Hua 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Dirac equation for relativistic electron waves is the parent model for Weyl and Majorana fermions as well as topological insulators. Simulation of Dirac physics in three-dimensional photonic crystals, though fundamentally important for topological phenomena at optical frequencies, encounters the challenge of synthesis of both Kramers double degeneracy and parity inversion. Here we show how type-II Dirac points—exotic Dirac relativistic waves yet to be discovered—are robustly realized through the nonsymmorphic screw symmetry. The emergent type-II Dirac points carry nontrivial topology and are the mother states of type-II Weyl points. The proposed all-dielectric architecture enables robust cavity states at photonic-crystal—air interfaces and anomalous refraction, with very low energy dissipation.
Altered brain activity and the effect of personality traits in excessive smartphone use during facial emotion processing
Authors: Chun Ji-Won , Choi Jihye , Kim Jin-Young , Cho Hyun , Ahn Kook-Jin , Nam Jong-Ho , Choi Jung-Seok , Kim Dai-Jin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractExcessive smartphone use is a phenomenon related to maladaptive smartphone use, leading to negative consequences. This study set out with the aim of assessing the effects of excessive smartphone use on behavioral and neural responses during facial emotional processing. We examined 25 excessive smartphone users and 27 normal control users using functional MRI during facial emotion processing and investigated Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS). The excessive smartphone use group (SP) showed neural deactivation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) during the presentation of an angry face and emotional transition compared to that of the normal control group (NC). Additionally, the SP revealed neural deactivation of the superior temporal sulcus and temporo-parietal junction related to social interaction during emotional transition compared to the NC. We found that BAS-Reward Responsiveness level was correlated with behavioral responses during repeated happy faces related to emotional reward in SP compared to NC. It can thus be suggested that excessive smartphone use is likely to fail on cognitive control during emotional processing, and this impairment might be influenced on emotional processing related to social interaction.
Ohmic contact between iridium film and hydrogen-terminated single crystal diamond
Authors: Wang Yan-Feng , Chang Xiaohui , Li Shuoye , Zhao Dan , Shao Guoqing , Zhu Tianfei , Fu Jiao , Zhang Pengfei , Chen Xudong , Li Fengnan , Liu Zongchen , Fan Shuwei , Bu Renan , Wen Feng , Zhang Jingwen , Wang Wei , Wang Hong-Xing 
Published: September 2017

AbstractInvestigation of ohmic contact between iridium (Ir) film and hydrogen-terminated single crystal diamond has been carried out with annealing temperature from 300 to 600 °C in argon (Ar) and hydrogen ambient. Electrodes were deposited on hydrogen-terminated single crystal diamond by electron beam evaporation technique, and specific contact resistivity has been measured by transmission line model. The interface between Ir film and hydrogen-terminated single crystal diamond was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Theoretical calculation value of barrier height between Ir film and hydrogen-terminated single crystal diamond was around −1.1 eV. All results indicate that an excellent ohmic contact could be formed between Ir film and hydrogen-terminated single diamond.
Deep-subwavelength Decoupling for MIMO Antennas in Mobile Handsets with Singular Medium
Authors: Xu Su , Zhang Ming , Wen Huailin , Wang Jun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDecreasing the mutual coupling between Multi-input Multi-output (MIMO) antenna elements in a mobile handset and achieving a high data rate is a challenging topic as the 5th-generation (5G) communication age is coming. Conventional decoupling components for MIMO antennas have to be re-designed when the geometries or frequencies of antennas have any adjustment. In this paper, we report a novel metamaterial-based decoupling strategy for MIMO antennas in mobile handsets with wide applicability. The decoupling component is made of subwavelength metal/air layers, which can be treated as singular medium over a broad frequency band. The flexible applicable property of the decoupling strategy is verified with different antennas over different frequency bands with the same metamaterial decoupling element. Finally, 1/100-wavelength 10-dB isolation is demonstrated for a 24-element MIMO antenna in mobile handsets over the frequency band from 4.55 to 4.75 GHz.
Experimental evidence for short-pulse laser heating of solid-density target to high bulk temperatures
Authors: Soloviev A. , Burdonov K. , Chen S. N. , Eremeev A. , Korzhimanov A. , Pokrovskiy G. V. , Pikuz T. A. , Revet G. , Sladkov A. , Ginzburg V. , Khazanov E. , Kuzmin A. , Osmanov R. , Shaikin I. , Shaykin A. , Yakovlev I. , Pikuz S. , Starodubtsev M. , Fuchs J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHeating efficiently solid-density, or even compressed, matter has been a long-sought goal in order to allow investigation of the properties of such state of matter of interest for various domains, e.g. astrophysics. High-power lasers, pinches, and more recently Free-Electron-Lasers (FELs) have been used in this respect. Here we show that by using the high-power, high-contrast “PEARL” laser (Institute of Applied Physics-Russian Academy of Science, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia) delivering 7.5 J in a 60 fs laser pulse, such coupling can be efficiently obtained, resulting in heating of a slab of solid-density Al of 0.8 µm thickness at a temperature of 300 eV, and with minimal density gradients. The characterization of the target heating is achieved combining X-ray spectrometry and measurement of the protons accelerated from the Al slab. The measured heating conditions are consistent with a three-temperatures model that simulates resistive and collisional heating of the bulk induced by the hot electrons. Such effective laser energy deposition is achieved owing to the intrinsic high contrast of the laser which results from the Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplification technology it is based on, allowing to attain high target temperatures in a very compact manner, e.g. in comparison with large-scale FEL facilities.
Novel pathogenic mutations in C1QTNF5 support a dominant negative disease mechanism in late-onset retinal degeneration
Authors: Stanton Chloe M. , Borooah Shyamanga , Drake Camilla , Marsh Joseph A. , Campbell Susan , Lennon Alan , Soares Dinesh C. , Vallabh Neeru A. , Sahni Jayashree , Cideciyan Artur V. , Dhillon Baljean , Vitart Veronique , Jacobson Samuel G. , Wright Alan F. , Hayward Caroline 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLate-onset retinal degeneration (L-ORD) is a rare autosomal dominant retinal dystrophy, characterised by extensive sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) deposits, RPE atrophy, choroidal neovascularisation and photoreceptor cell death associated with severe visual loss. L-ORD shows striking phenotypic similarities to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a common and genetically complex disorder, which can lead to misdiagnosis in the early stages. To date, a single missense mutation (S163R) in the C1QTNF5 gene, encoding C1q And Tumor Necrosis Factor Related Protein 5 (C1QTNF5) has been shown to cause L-ORD in a subset of affected families. Here, we describe the identification and characterisation of three novel pathogenic mutations in C1QTNF5 in order to elucidate disease mechanisms. In silico and in vitro characterisation show that these mutations perturb protein folding, assembly or polarity of secretion of C1QTNF5 and, importantly, all appear to destabilise the wildtype protein in co-transfection experiments in a human RPE cell line. This suggests that the heterozygous mutations in L-ORD show a dominant negative, rather than a haploinsufficient, disease mechanism. The function of C1QTNF5 remains unclear but this new insight into the pathogenetic basis of L-ORD has implications for future therapeutic strategies such as gene augmentation therapy.
Local order and vibrational coupling of the C=O Stretching Mode of γ-Caprolactone in liquid binary mixtures
Authors: Xu Wenwen , Sun Yanfang , Dong Xiaoping , Li Si , Wang Huigang , Xue Jiadan , Zheng Xuming 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe isotropic and anisotropic parts Raman spectra of γ-Caprolactone in the binary mixture at different concentrations have been measured. The non-coincidence effect (NCE) of γ-Caprolactone was determined in carbon tetrachloride solution and DMSO solution. The NCE of the ν11(C=O) stretching mode in the γ-Caprolactone/DMSO mixtures exhibits a linear plot, in contrast to that in the γ-Caprolactone/CCl4 mixtures, which shows an upward (convex) curvature. The reduction and enhancement of the dimer structure (short-range orientational order) of γ-Caprolactone in the γ-Caprolactone/DMSO and γ-Caprolactone/CCl4 mixtures respectively may play a major role in shifting of peak frequencies, thus the geometries of monomer and dimer of γ-Caprolactone were calculated at the B3LYP-D3/6–311 G (d,p) level of theory. We proposed aggregated model to explain the γ-Caprolactone C=O vibration NCE phenomenon and its concentration effect and found it largely consistent with our experimental findings. Solvent dependent experiment show the value of NCE declined with the increase of the solvent dielectric constant under the same condition which is consistent with the Logan’s theory.
In vivo target exploration of apidaecin based on Acquired Resistance induced by Gene Overexpression (ARGO assay)
Authors: Matsumoto Ken’ichiro , Yamazaki Kurato , Kawakami Shun , Miyoshi Daichi , Ooi Toshihiko , Hashimoto Shigeki , Taguchi Seiichi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIdentifying the target molecules of antimicrobial agents is essential for assessing their mode of action. Here, we propose Acquired Resistance induced by Gene Overexpression (ARGO) as a novel in vivo approach for exploring target proteins of antimicrobial agents. The principle of the method is based on the fact that overexpression of the expected target protein leads to reduced sensitivity to the antimicrobial agent. We applied this approach to identify target proteins of the antimicrobial peptide apidaecin, which is specifically effective against Gram-negative bacteria. To this end, a set of overexpression Escherichia coli clones was tested, and peptide chain release factor 1, which directs the termination of translation, was found as a candidate, suggesting that apidaecin inhibits the termination step of translation. This finding was confirmed in vivo and in vitro by evaluating the inhibitory activity of apidaecin towards lacZ reporter gene expression, which is tightly dependent on its stop codon. The results of this study demonstrate that apidaecin exerts its antimicrobial effects partly by inhibiting release factors.
Thrombopoietic stimulating activity of rhTyrRS (Y341A)
Authors: Jinchao Yu , Yanling Zhang , Xu Wang , Bing Zhao , Yuhao Ye , Weiran Zhou , Shaoyang Sun , Liyun Ma , Yun Shi , Ling Zhan , Min Yu , Wei Mo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTumor radiotherapy induces hematopoietic organ damage and reduces thrombocyte counts. Thrombocytopenia is a common disease. Some studies have shown that tRNA synthetase plays not only catalytic tRNA aminoacylation roles, but also functions similarly to cytokines. Recombinant human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase with a mutated Y341A (rhTyrRS (Y341A)) promotes megakaryocyte migrate from bone marrow to peripheral blood. It would promote megakaryocytes in the lungs adhering to vascular endothelial cells and resulting in the platelet production. The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of rhTyrRS (Y341A) as a therapy for thrombocytopenia and to explore its mechanism of action. We found platelet number was effectively increased by rhTyrRS (Y341A) via platelet count and reticulated platelets (RPs) flow cytometry. We also demonstrated radiation-induced thrombocytopenia could be prevented by rhTyrRS (Y341A). The results of immunohistochemistry and H&E staining showed the number of pulmonary mature megakaryocytes was significantly increased in rhTyrRS (Y341A) treated groups. In transgenic zebrafish larvae, confocal microscopy results showed rhTyrRS (Y341A) promoted the migration and adhesion of megakaryocytes. These results suggested that rhTyrRS (Y341A) promote megakaryocytes in bone marrow migrating to lungs through blood circulation. rhTyrRS (Y341A) may be an effective medicine which could be used to treat patients suffering from thrombocytopenia.
Upper airway asymmetry in skeletal Class III malocclusions with mandibular deviation
Authors: Zheng De-Hua , Wang Xu-Xia , Ma Dan , Zhou Yuan , Zhang Jun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between bilateral differences of upper airway and mandibular morphologic patterns in subjects with skeletal Class III mandibular deviation. 47 skeletal Class III (ANB < 0°) adult patients with and without mandibular deviation were divided into 2 groups. Bilateral differences of minimum cross-sectional area, mean cross-sectional area, volume of subdivisions (nasopharynx, palatopharynx, glossopharynx, hypopharynx) were assessed paired t test. Stepwise linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients were computed between a significant pair of upper airway variables and a pair of mandibular deviation variables to examine the quantitative relationship between the upper airway asymmetry and mandibular deviation. The mean cross-sectional area and the volume of palatopharynx on the deviated side in mandibular deviated group was significantly smaller than non-deviated side. The asymmetry index of the palatopharyngeal volume showed significant correlations with CRA asymmetry (r = 0.49) and Ramus asymmetry (r = 0.54). However, in the glossopharyngeal and hypopharyngeal segment, the mandibular deviated group showed significant asymmetry, characterized by larger mean cross-sectional area and volume in deviated side. The asymmetry index of the glossopharyngeal volume and hypopharyngeal volume showed significant correlations with CRA asymmetry (r = 0.42), Me-s (r = 0.72) and Me-s (r = 0.67) respectively.
CIB1 protects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity through inhibiting ASK1
Authors: Yoon Kyoung Wan , Yang Hyun-Suk , Kim Young Mok , Kim Yeonsil , Kang Seongman , Sun Woong , Naik Ulhas P. , Parise Leslie V. , Choi Eui-Ju 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCalcium and integrin binding protein 1 (CIB1) is a calcium-binding protein that was initially identified as a binding partner of platelet integrin αIIb. Although CIB1 has been shown to interact with multiple proteins, its biological function in the brain remains unclear. Here, we show that CIB1 negatively regulates degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Genetic deficiency of the CIB1 gene enhances MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in dopaminergic neurons in CIB1−/− mice. Furthermore, RNAi-mediated depletion of CIB1 in primary dopaminergic neurons potentiated 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyrinidium (MPP+)-induced neuronal death. CIB1 physically associated with apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and thereby inhibited the MPP+-induced stimulation of the ASK1-mediated signaling cascade. These findings suggest that CIB1 plays a protective role in MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity by blocking ASK1-mediated signaling.
Interface Energy Coupling between β-tungsten Nanofilm and Few-layered Graphene
Authors: Han Meng , Yuan Pengyu , Liu Jing , Si Shuyao , Zhao Xiaolong , Yue Yanan , Wang Xinwei , Xiao Xiangheng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe report the thermal conductance induced by few-layered graphene (G) sandwiched between β-phase tungsten (β-W) films of 15, 30 and 40 nm thickness. Our differential characterization is able to distinguish the thermal conductance of β-W film and β-W/G interface. The cross-plane thermal conductivity (k) of β-W films is determined at 1.69~2.41 Wm−1K−1 which is much smaller than that of α-phase tungsten (174 Wm−1K−1). This small value is consistent with the large electrical resistivity reported for β-W in literatures and in this work. The β-W/β-W and β-W/G interface thermal conductance (G
W/W
and G
W/G
) are characterized and compared using multilayered β-W films with and without sandwiched graphene layers. The average G
W/W
is found to be at 280 MW m−2K−1. G
W/G
features strong variation from sample to sample, and has a lower-limit of 84 MW m−2K−1, taking into consideration of the uncertainties. This is attributed to possible graphene structure damage and variation during graphene transfer and W sputtering. The difference between G2W/G
and G
W/W
uncovers the finite thermal resistance induced by the graphene layer. Compared with up-to-date reported graphene interface thermal conductance, the β-W/G interface is at the high end in terms of local energy coupling.
The in vivo antitumor effects of type I-interferon against hepatocellular carcinoma: the suppression of tumor cell growth and angiogenesis
Authors: Enomoto Hirayuki , Tao Lihua , Eguchi Ryoji , Sato Ayuko , Honda Masao , Kaneko Shuichi , Iwata Yoshinori , Nishikawa Hiroki , Imanishi Hiroyasu , Iijima Hiroko , Tsujimura Tohru , Nishiguchi Shuhei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractType I-interferon (IFN) is considered to exert antitumor effects through the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Based on the species-specific biological activity of IFN, we evaluated each antitumor mechanism separately. We further examined the antitumor effects of type I-IFN combined with sorafenib. Human IFN (hIFN) significantly inhibited the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Hep3B cells and the tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)in vitro. Although mouse IFN (mIFN) did not inhibit the proliferation of Hep3B cellsin vitro, mIFN, as well as hIFN, showed significant antitumor effects in mouse Hep3B cell-xenograft model. Furthermore, mIFN treatment amplified the antitumor effects of sorafenibin vivowith the suppression of angiogenesis. The DNA chip analysis showed that the mIFN treatment promoted the antitumor signal pathways of sorafenib, including anti-angiogenic effects. Unlike the effects observed inin vitroexperiments, mIFN showed an antitumor effect in the mouse Hep3B cell-xenograft model, suggesting a role of the anti-angiogenic activity in thein vivotumoricidal effects of type I-IFN. In addition, our findings suggested the clinical utility of combination therapy with type І-IFN and sorafenib for HCC.
Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study of Removal of Eosin Yellow from Aqueous Solution Using Teak Leaf Litter Powder
Authors: Oyelude Emmanuel O. , Awudza Johannes A. M. , Twumasi Sylvester K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLow-cost teak leaf litter powder (TLLP) was prepared as possible substitute for activated carbon. The feasibility of using the adsorbent to remove eosin yellow (EY) dye from aqueous solution was investigated through equilibrium adsorption, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. The removal of dye from aqueous solution was feasible but influenced by temperature, pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time. Variation in the initial concentration of dye did not influence the equilibrium contact time. Optimum adsorption of dye occurred at low adsorbent dosages, alkaline pH and high temperatures. Langmuir isotherm model best fit the equilibrium adsorption data and the maximum monolayer capacity of the adsorbent was 31.64 mg g−1 at 303 K. The adsorption process was best described by pseudo-second order kinetic model at 303 K. Boundary layer diffusion played a key role in the adsorption process. The mechanism of uptake of EY by TLLP was controlled by both liquid film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion. The values of mean adsorption free energy, E (7.91 kJ mol−1), and standard enthalpy, ΔH° (+13.34 kJ mol−1), suggest physical adsorption. The adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Teak leaf litter powder is a promising low-cost adsorbent for treating wastewaters containing eosin yellow.
Tuneable pressure effects in graphene oxide layers
Authors: Sekimoto Yusuke , Ohtani Ryo , Nakamura Masaaki , Koinuma Michio , Lindoy Leonard F. , Hayami Shinya 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTuneable pressure effects associated with changing interlayer distances in two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO)/reduced GO (rGO) layers are demonstrated through monitoring the changes in the spin-crossover (SCO) temperature (T1/2) of [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) nanoparticles (NPs) incorporated in the interlayer spaces of the GO/rGO layers. The interlayer separation along the GO to GO/rGO-NP composites to rGO series decreases smoothly from 9.00 Å (for GO) to 3.50 Å (for rGO) as the temperature employed for the thermal reduction treatments of the GO-NP composites is increased. At the same time, T1/2 increases from 351 K to 362 K along the series. This T1/2 increment of 11 K corresponds to that observed for pristine [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) NPs under a hydrostatic pressure of 38 MPa. The influence of the stacked layer structures on the pseudo-pressure effects has been further probed by investigating the differences in T1/2 for [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) that is present in the composite as larger bulk particles rather than as NPs.
Exchange-driven Magnetic Logic
Authors: Zografos Odysseas , Manfrini Mauricio , Vaysset Adrien , Sorée Bart , Ciubotaru Florin , Adelmann Christoph , Lauwereins Rudy , Raghavan Praveen , Radu Iuliana P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDirect exchange interaction allows spins to be magnetically ordered. Additionally, it can be an efficient manipulation pathway for low-powered spintronic logic devices. We present a novel logic scheme driven by exchange between two distinct regions in a composite magnetic layer containing a bistable canted magnetization configuration. By applying a magnetic field pulse to the input region, the magnetization state is propagated to the output via spin-to-spin interaction in which the output state is given by the magnetization orientation of the output region. The dependence of this scheme with input field conditions is extensively studied through a wide range of micromagnetic simulations. These results allow different logic operating modes to be extracted from the simulation results, and majority logic is successfully demonstrated.
The number of key carcinogenic events can be predicted from cancer incidence
Authors: Belikov Aleksey V. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe widely accepted multiple-hit hypothesis of carcinogenesis states that cancers arise after several successive events. However, no consensus has been reached on the quantity and nature of these events, although “driver” mutations or epimutations are considered the most probable candidates. By using the largest publicly available cancer incidence statistics (20 million cases), I show that incidence of 20 most prevalent cancer types in relation to patients’ age closely follows the Erlang probability distribution (R2 = 0.9734–0.9999). The Erlang distribution describes the probability y of k independent random events occurring by the time x, but not earlier or later, with events happening on average every b time intervals. This fits well with the multiple-hit hypothesis and potentially allows to predict the number k of key carcinogenic events and the average time interval b between them, for each cancer type. Moreover, the amplitude parameter A likely predicts the maximal populational susceptibility to a given type of cancer. These parameters are estimated for 20 most common cancer types and provide numerical reference points for experimental research on cancer development.