bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the effects of manual and ultrasonic instrumentation on root surface mechanical properties
Authors: Zafar Muhammad Sohail 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the current study is to analyze the surface profiles of healthy and periodontal-treated roots. In addition, manual and ultrasonic instrumentation methods have been compared in terms of surface mechanical properties of root surfaces including surface roughness, hardness, and elastic modulus. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using extracted teeth that were randomly divided into two study groups (1 and 2). Root planing was performed using either Gracey curettes (Group 1) or ultrasonic scaler (Group 2). The noncontact profilometer was used to analyze surface roughness before and after root planing. A nanoindenter was used to analyze the surface mechanical properties. Results: The root planing treatment reduced the peak and valley heights hence decreasing the surface roughness. The average maximum height of peaks (Sp) and average maximum height of valleys (Sv) for control groups remain 83.08 ± 18.47 μm and 117.58 ± 18.02 μm. The Sp was reduced to 32.86 ± 7.99 μm and 62.11 ± 16.07 μm for Groups 1 and 2, respectively. The Sv was reduced to 49.32 ± 29.51 μm for Group 1 and 80.87 ± 17.99 μm Group 2. The nanohardness and modulus of elasticity for cementum of the control group remain 0.28 ± 0.13 GPa and 5.09 ± 2.67 GPa, respectively. Conclusions: Gracey curettes and ultrasonic scalers are capable of significantly reducing the roughness following root planing. Although Gracey curettes produced smoother surfaces than ultrasonic scalers, there was no significant difference.
Clinical management of an atypical dental invagination
Authors: Badran Zahi , Lopez-Cazaux Serena , Crauste Eléonore , Bray Estelle , Soueidan Assem , Armengol Valérie 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTDental invagination (DI) is a tooth malformation that usually affects permanent teeth. Its precise etiology is still controversial and represents a clinical challenge as it can favor the development of carious lesion or periodontal inflammation. This paper presents a case of a 23-year-old Caucasian male, where an atypical buccal DI could not be completely diagnosed in the dens invaginatus category. Furthermore, other differential diagnoses could not be confirmed. The dental malformation was seen on a permanent maxillary first incisor and was associated with periodontal inflammation and attachment loss. Successful clinical management of this case consisted of surgical restorative treatment and regular follow-up, accompanied by thorough oral hygiene procedures.
Endodontic management of dens invaginatus Type IIIb: Case series
Authors: Martins Jorge N. R. , da Costa Rui Pereira , Anderson Craig , Quaresma Sérgio André , Corte-Real Luís S. M. , Monroe Adam D. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTDens invaginatus may be seen as a developmental malformation. It is characterized by an invagination of the enamel and dentin, creating a lumen inside the affected tooth, which may extend as deep as the apical foramen. Oehlers Type IIIb is considered the most challenging clinical conditions. The purpose of this study is to discuss the nonsurgical endodontic management of vital and necrotic dens invaginatus Type IIIb cases. Due to the complex anatomical consideration of dens invaginatus Type IIIb, endodontic treatment is extremely technique sensitive. A conservative approach was used in a vital case to treat the invaginated lumen only, to preserve the vitality of the pulp, and a more invasive approach was used in a necrotic case to debride the lumen and necrotic pulp for proper disinfection of the root canal system. Although different, all the approaches were successful. The clinical signs and symptoms were resolved. The vital case remains vital after 19 months, and the recall radiographs were able to show satisfactory periapical healing both in vital and necrotic cases. Due to the highly complex anatomy of dens invaginatus Type IIIb, the decision of preserving the pulp vitality may not be related only to pulpal diagnosis but also to the technical requirements of the treatment. Although very technically sensitive, it may be possible to treat the invaginated lumen exclusively, while preserving the vitality of the pulp. Necrotic cases may require a more aggressive approach to achieve a favorable prognosis.
Gingival crevicular fluid periostin levels in chronic periodontitis patients following nonsurgical periodontal treatment with low-level laser therapy
Authors: Kumaresan Dhanangchaayan , Balasundaram Aruna , Naik Vanaja Krishna , Appukuttan Deva Priya 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: Periostin is a matricellular protein highly expressed in periosteum, periodontal ligament and is essential for tissue integrity and maturation. It plays a role in collagen fibrillogenesis and is downregulated in periodontal disease. Biostimulation utilizing low-level laser therapy (LLLT) influences periodontal ligament fibroblast proliferation. This study was conducted with the objective of estimating periostin levels in chronic periodontitis (CP) patients following LLLT as an adjunct to root surface debridement (RSD). Materials and Methods: Thirty periodontally healthy participants (Group I) and sixty CP participants were recruited. Based on the therapeutic intervention, CP patients were allocated to either RSD (Group II) or to RSD with LLLT (Group III) group. Clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) periostin levels were assessed at the baseline and at the 3rd month. Results: Periostin levels were significantly lower in CP patients when compared to healthy individuals at the baseline (P < 0.01). Following nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT), periostin levels significantly increased in both Group II and III, when compared to baseline values (P < 0.001). Comparison of mean periostin levels between both the treatment groups showed a significant increase in LLLT group than RSD at the 3rd month (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, LLLT application was found to have additional benefits over RSD with respect to clinical periodontal parameters and GCF periostin levels. Moreover, periostin may be used as a possible biomarker to evaluate the outcome following NSPT.
Computing Fluid-Structure Interaction by the Partitioned Approach with Direct Forcing
Authors: Timalsina Asim , Hou Gene , Wang Jin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new partitioned approach to compute fluid-structure interaction (FSI) by extending the original direct-forcing technique and integrating it with the immersed boundary method. The fluid and structural equations are calculated separately via their respective disciplinary algorithms, with the fluid motion solved by the immersed boundary method on a uniform Cartesian mesh and the structural motion solved by a finite element method, and their solution data only communicate at the fluid-structure interface. This computational framework is capable of handling FSI problems with sophisticated structures described by detailed constitutive laws. The proposed methods are thoroughly tested through numerical simulations involving viscous fluid flow interacting with rigid, elastic solid, and elastic thin-walled structures.
Clinical Assessment of Low Back Pain: A Neurosurgical Point of View
Authors: Landi Alessandro , Grasso Giovanni , Colistra Davide , Ambrosone Angela , Delfini Roberto 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe diagnosis of low back pain (LBP) is complex and multifactorial, and a clear etiology responsible for the symptoms is often not detectable. Clinical history and neurological examination are essential for differential diagnosis, because they allow the identification of the specific pathology. The radiological investigation allows to confirm diagnosis, but the indication must always be correlated with clinical findings to not perform unnecessary diagnostic procedures. Management of LBP can involve many specialists – neurosurgeon, orthopedist, physiatrist, physiotherapist – everyone with different knowledge and experience because very often the cause is multifactorial. However, it is mandatory to clarify diagnosis of LBP; in this way, the clinical pathway is fundamental to understand pathogenesis and to determine appropriate treatment.
Exomphalos Major in Adults: A Treatment Modality
Authors: Huda Tanweerul , Mhaske Ashok 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOmphalocele (OC) is a congenital abdominal wall defect (CAWD) at the site of the umbilical ring with evisceration of the bowel covered by a three-layered membrane of peritoneum, Wharton's jelly, and amnion. It is associated with an underdeveloped abdominal cavity and a high degree of viscera abdominal disproportion. An adult female giant OC patient was treated at our hospital using the component separation technique (CST) after reviewing different standard techniques. No evidence of any compartment syndrome or ventral hernia was detected postoperatively. Giant OC in an adult healed in the same way using CST as in an infant with favorable outcomes.
Comparative Analysis of Efficacy of Hand and Rotary NiTi Instruments in Gutta-percha Removal in Root Canal Retreatment: An in vitro study
Authors: Dass Abhilasha , Saxena Ajay , Chandak Manoj , Nikhade Pradnya , Bhatia Chandani , Kalra Madhur 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTo evaluate the efficacy and cleaning ability of two different rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments and hand instruments with and without solvent (Endosolv R) in the removal of gutta-percha (GP) root fillings. Sixty extracted single-rooted anterior teeth were enlarged to size F3 and obturated with warm vertical compaction using AH Plus as the sealer. Removal of GP was performed with the following devices and techniques: Hedstrom files, ProTaper, and R-Endo files. The technique that removed GP most effectively was found using R-Endo instruments and Endosolv R, followed by R-Endo without solvent, followed by ProTaper with solvent, ProTaper without solvent, followed by Hedstrom files with solvent, and Hedstrom files without solvent. There was no visible filling material extruded apically. They concluded that under the experimental conditions, R-Endo and ProTaper NiTi instruments proved to be efficient and time-saving devices for the removal of GP. The use of Endosolv R as a solvent shortened the time to reach the working length (WL) and to remove the GP, but this was not significant.
Contact Lens-associated Keratitis by Elizabethkingia meningoseptica
Authors: Kharbanda Manisha , Bagad Parag , Dey Sunanda 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a Gram-negative bacillus. It is known for causing neonatal meningitis and pneumonia, sepsis in case of immunocompromised patients. It can be found in hospital and natural environments. It may exist in freshwater, salt water, and soil. It was previously known as Flavobacterium and Chryseobacterium meningosepticum.Contact lens-induced keratitis with E. meningoseptica which we are reporting is the second case report till date. It has striking resemblance with the case that was published earlier, with minimal difference in presentation, but significant difference in the antimicrobial sensitivity. Most importantly, we also found this infection in healthy individual with no underlying disease.Thus, we strongly support the case report that was published earlier, and though rare, this microbe should be considered as potential pathogen for contact lens-related keratitis, and increasing resistance to the antimicrobial agents should also be kept in mind.
Glomus Tumor: An Anomalous Cause of Pain in the Finger
Authors: Kurup Jayakrishnan , Acharya Ashwath , Bhat Anil 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGlomus tumor constitutes 1 to 5% of all hand tumors. They present with the classical triad of severe pain, point tenderness, and cold sensitivity. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, but very often it is missed because of lack of knowledge or inadequate clinical examination. We present the case of a 43-year-old woman with glomus tumor of the middle finger with a short discussion on the diagnosis with clinical images of the tumor. Glomus tumor should be in the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with pain in the finger.
Morphological and Functional Changes in Schoolchildren with Bad Posture
Authors: Ramova Elizabeta , Ramov Leonid 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction: In the new millennium, the medical community still deals with the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis as a three-dimensional (3D) curvature known in India before Hippocrates. However, we doctors that deal with deformities of the spine, stick to Reichalt's rule for treatment according to the size of the curvature and its progression. The aim of our study is to explain our own opinion for progression of bad posture in school children according to physical inactivity and use of video terminals (VT).
Materials and methods: We have made some researches about standards of school screening for bad posture and its impact on morphological and functional changes in them.
Results: Most of school children spend more than 2 hours in front of video terminals, they have increased body weight, and postural changes in sagittal plane.
Discussion: Some postural bad positions in age of intensive growth can became structural. In the era of fast technology development the future generation shall have functional changes on body like result of long standing in bad position.
Conclusion: The future studies for bad posture in school children should be aimed to find how much long sitting in front of VT can affect their health in the adult age.
Optimal Grasp Distance and Muscle Loads for People With Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Carpometacarpal and Metacarpophalangeal Immobilization Orthoses
Authors: Liu Chien-Hsiou , Yip Kai-Shun , Fan Shih-Chen 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVES. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) require greater muscle loads to equal the grip strength of healthy adults and to find the optimal grip distance for people with RA using carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal immobilization orthoses as measured by electromyography of the forearm muscles.
METHOD. A 2 × 2 (Group × Orthosis) experiment and a 2 × 3 (Orthosis × Grasp Distance) factorial were conducted. Grip strength and muscle load were measured.
RESULTS. Grip strength was significantly lower, and muscle load was greater, in 18 participants with RA than in 18 healthy adults. No effect of orthosis use on grip strength and muscle load was found. Muscle load was lower for the 42.25-mm diameter dynamometer handle than for handles with larger diameters.
CONCLUSION. People with RA require more muscle load than healthy adults to produce the same exertion, and 42.25 mm is recommended for people with RA as the optimal grasp distance.
Role of Occupational Therapy in Preventing Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders With Recycling Workers: A Pilot Study
Authors: Fisher Thomas 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Little is known about injury prevention in recycling workers; therefore, in this study, I aimed to identify physical and psychosocial risk factors for employees involved in single-stream recycling and to explore strategies for prevention and wellness. Fifteen participants who were either recycling workers or supervisors located throughout seven locations on an urban university campus participated. A mixed-methods research design was used to obtain data through a variety of standardized work environment and health questionnaires and semistructured interviews. Approximately 80% of participants expressed satisfaction with their jobs; 50% reported having a musculoskeletal injury; and 33% reported a lack of support from coworkers or supervisors, which created stress and anxiety. Additional risk factors included poor body mechanics, equipment issues, poor social interactions, and lack of supervisor knowledge for prevention. Occupational therapy practitioners are well situated to support preventive interventions that address the combined physical and psychosocial needs of recycling workers.
Evaluation of Hand Forces During a Joint-Protection Strategy for Women With Hand Osteoarthritis
Authors: McGee Corey , Mathiowetz Virgil 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We evaluated whether a joint-protection strategy changes the mechanics of opening a sealed jar.METHOD. Thirty-one adult women with hand osteoarthritis attempted to open a “sealed” jar instrument when using and not using nonskid material. Grip force, torque, success, and pain were recorded for each trial.RESULTS. Participants used less grip force when twisting with their left hand. The greatest torque and success, yet the least amount of grip force across time, and pain was noted when the left hand turned the lid, the jar was held vertically, the right hand supported the base, and nonskid material was used.CONCLUSION. Women with hand osteoarthritis should be educated to consider the hand they use and their approach when opening sealed jars. Use of nonskid material without additional reasoning may increase load on arthritic joints, pain, and dysfunction. Additional research on task kinematics and the kinetics of the stabilizing hand is needed.
Current Evidence and Opportunities for Expanding the Role of Occupational Therapy for Adults With Musculoskeletal Conditions
Authors: Roll Shawn C. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Musculoskeletal conditions are the second greatest cause of disability worldwide, and chronic musculoskeletal conditions affect nearly the same percentage of the general population as chronic circulatory and respiratory conditions combined. Moreover, people with musculoskeletal conditions experience a significant decline in independence with daily activities and occupational performance, key areas targeted by occupational therapy interventions. This special issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy provides comprehensive summaries of evidence for the care of common musculoskeletal conditions, highlights important implications that support evidence-informed practice, and proposes ways to advance the practice of occupational therapy to improve the lives of people with musculoskeletal conditions.
Wind-farm layout optimisation using a hybrid Jensen–LES approach
Authors: Bokharaie Vahid S. , Bauweraerts Pieter , Meyers Johan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Given a wind farm with known dimensions and number of wind turbines, we try to find the optimum positioning of wind turbines that maximises wind-farm energy production. In practice, given that optimisation has to be performed for many wind directions, and taking into account the yearly wind distribution, such an optimisation is computationally only feasible using fast engineering wake models such as the Jensen model. These models are known to have accuracy issues, in particular since their representation of wake interaction is very simple. In the present work, we propose an optimisation approach that is based on a hybrid combination of large-eddy simulation (LES) and the Jensen model; in this approach, optimisation is mainly performed using the Jensen model, and LES is used at a few points only during optimisation for online tuning of the wake-expansion coefficient in the Jensen model, as well as for validation of the results. An optimisation case study is considered, in which the placement of 30 turbines in a 4 km by 3 km rectangular domain is optimised in a neutral atmospheric boundary layer. Optimisation for both a single wind direction and multiple wind directions is discussed.
Ocular Pulse Amplitude after Panretinal Photocoagulation in Normotensive Eyes with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Bozic Marija M. , Karadzic Jelena B. , Kovacevic Igor M. , Marjanovic Ivan S. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose To assess the effect of panretinal laser photocoagulation on ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) in normotensive eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Methods Prospectively, we performed unilateral argon laser panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in 30 patients with diabetes mellitus type II and previously untreated bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Before and 7 and 30 days after the treatment, OPA was measured using dynamic contour tonometer. Results Compared with the untreated contralateral eyes, laser photocoagulation led to a reduction of OPA. Ocular pulse amplitude did not significantly differ in photocoagulated eyes 7 days after the treatment, but there was a significant difference in OPA 30 days after the treatment. The decrease in OPA values was 15% 7 days after PRP and 40% 30 days after PRP. Conclusions Ocular pulse amplitude reduction after PRP indirectly informs us about choriocapillary closure, already reported in previous studies.
Bestuurswetenschappen 70 jaar: de mannen (en een vrouw) van het eerste uur
Authors: Reussing Rik 
Published: December 2016

‘Bestuurswetenschappen’ 70 years: the men (and a woman) of the first hour
This year we are celebrating volume 70 of the Dutch magazine ‘Bestuurswetenschappen’ (Administrative Sciences in English). The first complete volume was published in 1947, but the first issue had already appeared in November 1946, so last month our magazine had its 70th anniversary. It is an appropriate age to reflect for a moment on the launch of our magazine in this anniversary issue, because 70 is rapidly becoming the new 65. It is also an opportunity for us to pay respect in this editorial to those people who were involved at the launch of the magazine which happened under difficult circumstances (because of the consequences of the Second World War and the huge task of rebuilding the Netherlands). At the same time this homage is an impressive ‘who’s who’ of Dutch (and also partly the international) administrative sciences at that time, with many remarkable and influential characters playing a role. Apart from all the male authors and editors, one woman (Hermine Revers) was the editorial secretary of the magazine. Chief editor was Gerrit van Poelje, who is considered by many to be the founder of Public Administration in the Netherlands.