bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene‐Oxide‐Based Enzyme Nanoarchitectonics for Substrate Channeling
Authors: Mathesh Motilal , Liu Jingquan , Barrow Colin J. , Yang Wenrong 
Published: December 2016

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are groups from Deakin University and Qingdao University. The image depicts how tailor‐made graphene oxide was used as a two‐dimensional scaffold to immobilize and modulate the activity of two enzymes for enzyme cascade reactions. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201604348.
Oxygen‐Sensing Difluoroboron Thienyl Phenyl β‐Diketonate Polylactides
Authors: DeRosa Christopher A. , Kolpaczynska Milena , Kerr Caroline , Daly Margaret L. , Morris William A. , Fraser Cassandra L. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDifluoroboron β‐diketonate‐polylactides are versatile oxygen‐sensing materials. These materials have both fluorescence (F) and oxygen‐sensitive, room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP). The fluorescence, being insensitive to oxygen, can act as an internal standard to the changing phosphorescence, and ratiometric sensing of oxygen can be achieved with these simple, single‐component materials. To expand the range of colors for this family of fluorophores, a series of thienyl‐phenyl‐substituted dyes were synthesized with initiator sites for the ring‐opening polymerization of lactide. Heavy atoms (Br and I) were added to the dye to modulate the phosphorescence intensity. These halide‐substituted thiophene dyes readily aggregated in the poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix, generating two fluorescence peaks in air, one for monomer emission and another for aggregate emission. When the dye was dilute in PLA, as a blend, the iodo‐thienyl derivative showed impressive singlet–triplet splitting, with blue fluorescence (440 nm) and orange phosphorescence (585 nm), the largest gap recorded for a boron β‐diketonate dye. Nanoparticles fabricated from a mixture of PLA and dye–PLA conjugated polymer benefited from the large singlet–triplet splitting to yield oxygen sensitivity at levels between 0 and 21 %, which can be utilized in biological oxygen‐sensing applications.
SA8000 as CSR‐Washing? The Role of Stakeholder Pressures
Authors: Boiral Olivier , Heras‐Saizarbitoria Iñaki , Testa Francesco 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis article analyzes the extent to which stakeholder pressure contributes to the CSR‐washing phenomena and its impact on the organizational outcomes. To that end, this work analyzes the relationships involved using primary data obtained from a survey of 130 Italian organizations that have implemented the SA8000 international CSR standard. The article contributes to both the theoretical and empirical literature on CSR‐washing by proposing an integrated approach that sheds more light on the driving factors behind and outcomes from the internationalization of a well‐defined and comprehensively monitored set of CSR practices, namely the SA8000 standard. The implications for managers, policy makers and other stakeholders are discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Impacts of worker density in colony‐level aggression, expansion, and survival of the acacia‐ant Crematogaster mimosae
Authors: Ruiz‐Guajardo Juan Carlos , Grossenbacher Dena L. , Grosberg Richard K. , Palmer Todd M. , Stanton Maureen L. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractExperimental studies assessing the impact of demographic changes on aggression and inter‐group competitive outcomes in communities of social species are rare. This gap in our knowledge is important, not only because social species are foundational elements of many terrestrial ecosystems, but because interference competition among social groups often involves decision‐like processes influenced by demographic and environmental contexts. In East Africa, the symbiotic ant Crematogaster mimosae is a co‐dominant competitor that engages in high‐mortality, intra‐ and interspecific battles for sole possession of host trees. We manipulated worker density on C. mimosae Acacia host trees, and the colony's opportunity to expand onto neighboring trees to identify how these factors influenced colony‐level aggression, expansion success, and longer‐term survivorship. Worker density on focal trees was increased through translocation of domatia‐bearing branches, and was decreased using partial tree fumigations. We examined impacts of density manipulations on aggression and immediate expansion success under two different risk scenarios. We tied focal trees to either an experimentally emptied‐tree (low‐risk treatment), or to a C. nigriceps‐occupied tree (high‐risk treatment). Expansion success onto emptied neighbor trees was 100% for controls and increased‐density colonies, but only 50% for decreased‐density colonies, despite the fact that host trees are a limiting resource in this system. Success expanding onto trees occupied by a heterospecific competitor reached 36%, 40%, and 79% in decreased, control, and increased‐density trees, respectively. Our results show that changes in worker density due to disturbances or inter‐group battles have the potential to disrupt competitive hierarchies. Worker density manipulations also affected longer‐term colony persistence. Behavioral and genetic data revealed that 12 months after expansions 100% of the decreased‐density colonies, and 25% of control and increased‐density colonies, had been supplanted by neighboring opportunistic conspecifics. Intraspecific aggression may have lower costs in C. mimosae because aggressive colonies can incorporate workers or queens from defeated competitors. The unexpectedly high frequency of conflicts between conspecific C. mimosae, in combination with behaviors decreasing the cost of intraspecific competition relative to interspecific conflict, may create opportunities for the survival of subordinate competitors in this ant–plant system.
Organization‐specific prosocial helping identity: Doing and belonging as the basis of “being fully there”
Authors: Farmer Steven M. , Van Dyne Linn 
Published: December 2016

SummaryIdentity theory and social identity theory focus on doing and belonging, respectively, but neither provides a complete picture of being “fully there” at work (Kahn, ). This three‐wave lagged field study links these two perspectives by proposing that beneficiary‐specific prosocial helping identity, met expectations for prosocial helping, and their interaction predict the strength of a contextualized, organization‐specific prosocial helping identity (OSPHI) targeted at those same beneficiaries and that OSPHI leads to positive employee work outcomes. Results provide strong support for the model and demonstrate that beneficiary‐specific prosocial helping identity had indirect relationships with intent to stay with the organization, experienced work meaning, and emotional exhaustion (negative), via OSPHI, only when met expectations for prosocial helping were weak. We discuss the value of OSPHI as an important construct that reflects the psychological state of “being fully there” at work and predicts subsequent employee work outcomes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A State‐Space Analysis of Soil Organic Carbon in China's Loess Plateau
Authors: Jia Xiao‐Xu , Yang Yang , Zhang Chen‐Cheng , Shao Ming‐An , Huang Lai‐Ming 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAn accurate estimation of soil organic carbon (SOC) is important for the evaluation and management of carbon (C) flux in terrestrial ecosystems. However, there is little work on the spatial variability of SOC in deep soils and its driving factors. Thus, the objective of the study was to derive the primary factors dominating the spatial distribution of SOC in different soil layers with the use of the autoregressive state‐space approach. The concentration of SOC was measured to the depth of 500 cm (n = 86) along a south–north transect of China's Loess Plateau. The mean SOC of the 500‐cm soil profile generally decreased from south to north following the decreasing rainfall gradient. Based on the investigated factors, the state‐space model was able to capture 90.3–99.9% of the spatial variability of SOC in the various soil layers. According to the coefficients in the optimal state‐space model for each soil layer, climatic factors such as precipitation and temperature had a dominant control over the spatial distribution of SOC at shallow depths. However, both climatic and edaphic (e.g. soil texture) factors, and to a small extent land use, influenced the spatial behavior of SOC at the 40–200 cm soil depth. For soil layers below 200 cm, the importance of land use was revealed, and the spatial characteristics of SOC were together driven by land use, climatic and edaphic factors. This is critical for the management of soil C flux in deep soils and the C stock and cycle in terrestrial ecosystems.Table SI. Basic properties of soils and climate and elevation under three land uses along the south–north transect on the Loess Plateau (mean ± standard deviation). Note that SWC is gravimetric soil water content. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ion‐Selective Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) Actuator Based on Crown Ether Containing Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Ketone)
Authors: Tas Sinem , Zoetebier Bram , Sukas Ozlem Sardan , Bayraktar Muharrem , Hempenius Mark , Vancso Gyula Julius , Nijmeijer Kitty 
Published: December 2016

This study introduces the concept of ion selective actuation in polymer metal composite actuators, employing crown ether bearing aromatic polyether materials. For this purpose, sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) (SPAEK) and crown ether containing SPAEK with molar masses suitable for membrane preparation are synthesized. The synthesized polymers are characterized using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuators are fabricated by electroless chemical deposition of a platinum (Pt) layer on both sides of SPAEK and crown‐ether containing SPAEK membranes, resulting in electrode layers of around 120 nm thickness. Actuation experiments demonstrate cation specific responses and bending degrees of the IPMC actuators. Incorporation of crown ether units in the polymer backbone results in an improved and ion‐selective bending displacement compared with SPAEK actuators. S(25)C(50)PAEK actuators show an increased bending displacement of 28% for Na+ and 20% for K+ ions.
image
Striking against bioterrorism with advanced proteomics and reference methods
Authors: Armengaud Jean 
Published: December 2016

The intentional use by terrorists of biological toxins as weapons has been of great concern for many years. Among the numerous toxins produced by plants, animals, algae, fungi, and bacteria, ricin is one of the most scrutinized by the media because it has already been used in biocrimes and acts of bioterrorism. Improving the analytical toolbox of national authorities to monitor these potential bioweapons all at once is of the utmost interest. MS/MS allows their absolute quantitation and exhibits advantageous sensitivity, discriminative power, multiplexing possibilities, and speed. In this issue of Proteomics, Gilquin et al. (Proteomics 2017, 17, 1600357) present a robust multiplex assay to quantify a set of eight toxins in the presence of a complex food matrix. This MS/MS reference method is based on scheduled SRM and high‐quality standards consisting of isotopically labeled versions of these toxins. Their results demonstrate robust reliability based on rather loose scheduling of SRM transitions and good sensitivity for the eight toxins, lower than their oral median lethal doses. In the face of an increased threat from terrorism, relevant reference assays based on advanced proteomics and high‐quality companion toxin standards are reliable and firm answers.
Controlled growth and spray deposition of silver nanowires for ITO‐free, flexible, and high brightness OLEDs
Authors: Alshammari Abdullah S. , Sam F. Laurent M. , Rozanski Lynn J. , Mills Christopher A. , Alenezi Mohammad R. , Beliatis Michail J. , Jayawardena K. D. G. Imalka , Underwood John M. , Silva S. Ravi P. 
Published: December 2016

The next generation of electronic devices will require low cost materials and processing techniques that are fully compatible with flexible substrates and large area applications. Silver nanowires are promising candidates for many applications and can be processed by various solution‐based large area deposition techniques. In this work, high aspect ratio silver nanowires were synthesized via a polyol reduction of silver nitrate in the presence of a metal‐salt and a capping agent. The grown nanowires were spray coated and simply planarized with inkjet printed PEDOT:PSS to produce smooth and high performance nanocomposite electrodes suitable for industrial applications. The nanocomposite electrodes exhibit figure of merit values (σDC/σOP) of about 60, higher than the values required for industrial use (>35). High conductivity with high optical transparency was achieved by controlling the aspect ratio of the nanowires and their concentration in the films. The highly conductive and transparent electrodes were utilized to fabricate organic light emitting diodes, which exhibited high luminance (∼ 7 × 103 cd m−2) and performance comparable to a “benchmark” ITO electrode. The results show that the combination of the nanocomposite materials, together with the solution based techniques could pave the way towards flexible, solution processable, low cost, and large area device applications.ITO‐free OLEDs fabricated using solution processed Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS nanocomposites as transparent conductive electrode. Improving the aspect ratio of the grown nanowires along with controlling their density in the films allow for highly conductive and transparent nanocomposite electrodes. These nanocomposite samples are utilized as a direct replacement for ITO in OLEDs.
Emerging biotechnologies for production of itaconic acid and its applications as a platform chemical
Authors: Saha Badal C 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Recently, itaconic acid (IA), an unsaturated C5-dicarboxylic acid, has attracted much attention as a biobased building block chemical. It is produced industrially (&gt;80 g L−1) from glucose by fermentation with Aspergillus terreus. The titer is low compared with citric acid production (&gt;200 g L−1). This review summarizes the latest progress on enhancing the yield and productivity of IA production. IA biosynthesis involves the decarboxylation of the TCA cycle intermediate cis-aconitate through the action of cis-aconitate decarboxylase (CAD) enzyme encoded by the CadA gene in A. terreus. A number of recombinant microorganisms have been developed in an effort to overproduce it. IA is used as a monomer for production of superabsorbent polymer, resins, plastics, paints, and synthetic fibers. Its applications as a platform chemical are highlighted. It has a strong potential to replace petroleum-based methylacrylic acid in industry which will create a huge market for IA.
Phase I study of Nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, in patients with malignant solid tumors
Authors: Yamamoto Noboru , Nokihara Hiroshi , Yamada Yasuhide , Shibata Takashi , Tamura Yosuke , Seki Yoshitaka , Honda Kazunori , Tanabe Yuko , Wakui Hiroshi , Tamura Tomohide 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackground This study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity and antitumor activity of single and multiple doses of nivolumab in Japanese patients with malignant solid tumors. Subjects and Methods This was an open-label, dose-escalation study in 17 patients with advanced solid tumors with a life expectancy of ≥3 months. Patients were observed for 3 weeks after a single dose of nivolumab at 1, 3, 10 or 20 mg/kg, then received the same dose of nivolumab every 2 weeks until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression occurred. This study included a maximum dose of 20 mg/kg, which is the highest dose of nivolumab evaluated to date. The maximum dose was 10 mg/kg in previous studies. Results The commonest adverse drug reaction was lymphopenia, which occurred in 10 (58.8%) patients, including two (11.8%) with Grade ≥3 events. No dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed up to the maximum dose of 20 mg/kg. The area under the concentration–time curve from time 0 to the last measurable concentration was linear up to 20 mg/kg. The maximum concentration showed dose-dependency up to 10 mg/kg, but not between 10 and 20 mg/kg. One durable complete response and two partial responses were observed. Conclusions Nivolumab at doses of 1–20 mg/kg was not associated with DLTs, and it was generally well tolerated at doses of up to 20 mg/kg in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Ethoxylated Lauryl‐Myrisityl Alcohol Nonionic Surfactants as Wetting Agents, Anti‐Foamers, and Minimum Film Forming Temperature Reducers in Emulsion Polymer Lattices
Authors: Abd El‐Ghaffar M. A. , Sherif M. H. , Taher El‐Habab A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTwo nonionic FAEO (fatty alcohol ethoxylated) surfactants with varying solubility were obtained by the reaction of lauryl‐myrisityl alcohol (LMA) with ethylene oxide to yield lauryl‐myristyl/alcohol ethoxylated with 3 and 31 mol of ethylene oxide by changing the length of polyethylene glycol segment. The prepared surfactants, designated as LMAEO‐3 and LMAEO‐31, were characterized for their structures using spectroscopic measurements; in addition, their surface properties were investigated. The results indicated that LMAEO‐31 exhibits excellent surface activity. Evaluation of the surfactants as wetting agents, anti‐foamers, and minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) reducer in emulsion polymer lattices achieved promising results indicating high performance in the mentioned industrial applications.
Intraoperative high‐field magnetic resonance imaging, multimodal neuronavigation, and intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring‐guided surgery for treating supratentorial cavernomas
Authors: Li Fang‐ye , Chen Xiao‐lei , Xu Bai‐nan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the beneficial effects of intraoperative high‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multimodal neuronavigation, and intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring‐guided surgery for treating supratentorial cavernomas.MethodsTwelve patients with 13 supratentorial cavernomas were prospectively enrolled and operated while using a 1.5 T intraoperative MRI, multimodal neuronavigation, and intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring. All cavernomas were deeply located in subcortical areas or involved critical areas. Intraoperative high‐field MRIs were obtained for the intraoperative “visualization” of surrounding eloquent structures, “brain shift” corrections, and navigational plan updates.ResultsAll cavernomas were successfully resected with guidance from intraoperative MRI, multimodal neuronavigation, and intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring. In 5 cases with supratentorial cavernomas, intraoperative “brain shift” severely deterred locating of the lesions; however, intraoperative MRI facilitated precise locating of these lesions. During long‐term (>3 months) follow‐up, some or all presenting signs and symptoms improved or resolved in 4 cases, but were unchanged in 7 patients.ConclusionsIntraoperative high‐field MRI, multimodal neuronavigation, and intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring are helpful in surgeries for the treatment of small deeply seated subcortical cavernomas.
A candidate regulatory variant at the TREM gene cluster associates with decreased Alzheimer's disease risk and increased TREML1 and TREM2 brain gene expression
Authors: Carrasquillo Minerva M. , Allen Mariet , Burgess Jeremy D. , Wang Xue , Strickland Samantha L. , Aryal Shivani , Siuda Joanna , Kachadoorian Michaela L. , Medway Christopher , Younkin Curtis S. , Nair Asha , Wang Chen , Chanana Pritha , Serie Daniel , Nguyen Thuy , Lincoln Sarah , Malphrus Kimberly G. , Morgan Kevin , Golde Todd E. , Price Nathan D. , White Charles C. , De Jager Philip L. , Bennett David A. , Asmann Yan W. , Crook Julia E. , Petersen Ronald C. , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Dickson Dennis W. , Younkin Steven G. , Ertekin‐Taner Nilüfer 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroductionWe hypothesized that common Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐associated variants within the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid (TREM) gene cluster influence disease through gene expression.MethodsExpression microarrays on temporal cortex and cerebellum from ∼400 neuropathologically diagnosed subjects and two independent RNAseq replication cohorts were used for expression quantitative trait locus analysis.ResultsA variant within a DNase hypersensitive site 5′ of TREM2, rs9357347‐C, associates with reduced AD risk and increased TREML1 and TREM2 levels (uncorrected P = 6.3 × 10−3 and 4.6 × 10−2, respectively). Meta‐analysis on expression quantitative trait locus results from three independent data sets (n = 1006) confirmed these associations (uncorrected P = 3.4 × 10−2 and 3.5 × 10−3, Bonferroni‐corrected P = 6.7 × 10−2 and 7.1 × 10−3, respectively).DiscussionOur findings point to rs9357347 as a functional regulatory variant that contributes to a protective effect observed at the TREM locus in the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project genome‐wide association study meta‐analysis and suggest concomitant increase in TREML1 and TREM2 brain levels as a potential mechanism for protection from AD.
Dimensions of Expertise in Wine Evaluation
Authors: Ashton Robert H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis article explores the question of what distinguishes novices from experts in wine evaluation. Is it experts’ superior sensory abilities related to taste and smell, their superior cognitive abilities related to knowledge and memory, or a combination of both—and if a combination, which of the two dimensions of expertise, sensory or cognitive, seems to be more important? I address these issues by considering what has been learned in the past 30+ years from research concerning the sensory and cognitive dimensions of expertise in wine evaluation. The research examines expert/novice differences at both the chemical component level (detecting, discriminating among, and describing wine-relevant chemical components) and the holistic level (hedonic evaluation of wine as an integrated manifestation of its components). (JEL Classification: C93)
Activity of two extracts of Cynanchum paniculatum against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis theronts and tomonts
Authors: JI-HONG WEN , YAN-LI WANG , YU-HUA LIU , JI-YUAN ZHANG , ZE-HONG LI 
Published: December 2016

SUMMARYThe present study aims to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of active components from Cynanchum paniculatum against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. The antiparasitic activities of two bioassay-guided fractionationated compounds from C. paniculatum identified as Cynatratoside-A and Cynanversicoside C, by comparing spectral data (NMR and ESI-MS) with literature values, were evaluated by in vitro assay. These showed that both could kill theronts of I. multifiliis at a concentration of 10·0 mg L−1, with the median effective concentration (EC50) values of 4·6 mg L−1 and 5·2 mg L−1 for Cynatratoside-A and Cynanversicoside C, respectively. Encysted tomonts were killed at concentrations of 8·0 mg L−1 with both compounds. In vivo experiments demonstrated that fish treated with both compounds at 15·0 mg L−1 carried significantly fewer parasites than controls (P < 0·05). There were no mortalities among treated fish group compared with 75% mortality of untreated fish. Cynatratoside-A and Cynanversicoside C are therefore potential candidate drugs for use against I. multifiliis.