bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crizotinib targets in glioblastoma stem cells
Authors: Junca Audelaure , Villalva Claire , Tachon Gaëlle , Rivet Pierre , Cortes Ulrich , Guilloteau Karline , Balbous Anaïs , Godet Julie , Wager Michel , Karayan‐Tapon Lucie 
Published: September 2017

AbstractGlioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are believed to be involved in the mechanisms of tumor resistance, therapeutic failures, and recurrences after conventional glioblastoma therapy. Therefore, elimination of GSCs might be a prerequisite for the development of successful therapeutic strategies. ALK, ROS1, and MET are targeted by Crizotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor which has been approved for treatment of ALK‐rearranged non–small‐cell lung cancer. In this study we investigated ALK, ROS1, and MET status in nine glioblastoma stem cell lines and tumors from which they arise. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), Sanger's direct sequencing, and immunohistochemistry were used to screen genomic rearrangements (or amplifications), genomic mutations, and protein expression, respectively. The immunohistochemical and FISH studies revealed no significant dysregulation of ROS1 in GSCs and associated tumors. Neither amplification nor polysomy of ALK was observed in GSC, but weak overexpression was detected by IHC in three of nine GSCs. Similarly, no MET amplification was found by FISH but three GSCs presented significant immunohistochemical staining. No ALK or MET mutation was found by Sanger's direct sequencing. In this study, we show no molecular rearrangement of ALK, ROS1, and MET that would lead us not to propose, as a valid strategy, the use of crizotinib to eradicate GSCs. However, MET was overexpressed in all GSCs with mesenchymal subtype and three GSCs presented an overexpression of ALK. Therefore, our study corroborates the idea that MET and ALK may assume a role in the tumorigenicity of GSC.
Impact of preflocculation on scroll decanter centrifuge separation performance
Authors: Demoz Alebachew 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIndustrial scroll decanter centrifuge (SDC) separation of the solids in fluid fine tailings (FFT) which have particles 10 μm and smaller in size require flocculant addition. Accordingly, the mechanism in the centrifuge is flocculation of the fine solid particles followed by sedimentation. Thus, feeding preflocculated material obviates the flocculation step inside the SDC resulting in improved process efficiency by reducing the power consumption and increasing the throughput capacity of each SDC. This work evaluated the separation performance of the SDC using inline static mixers to preflocculate oil sands FFT containing solids, 90 mass% of which are < 9 μm in size. The minimum G‐forces required to achieve the industry benchmarks of < 1 mass% solids in the centrate water and > 97 % fines capture rate were 750 G without preflocculation and 400 G with preflocculation. Since power consumption by the SDC, as expected, was directly proportional to the G‐force, the savings in power due to preflocculation amounted to 47 %. Preflocculation increased SDC throughput capacity by up to 50 %. Operating at lower G‐force has the additional benefits of protecting the high‐capital‐cost SDC machine and reducing ambient noise levels.
Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry to Identify Binders of ThiT, an S‐Component of the Energy‐Coupling Factor Transporter for Thiamine
Authors: Monjas Leticia , Swier Lotteke J. Y. M. , Setyawati Inda , Slotboom Dirk J. , Hirsch Anna K. H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe applied dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) to identify ligands of ThiT, the S‐component of the energy‐coupling factor (ECF) transporter for thiamine in Lactococcus lactis. We used a pre‐equilibrated dynamic combinatorial library (DCL) and saturation‐transfer difference (STD) NMR spectroscopy to identify ligands of ThiT. This is the first report in which DCC is used for fragment growing to an ill‐defined pocket, and one of the first reports for its application with an integral membrane protein as target.
Delay in radiotherapy is associated with an increased risk of disease recurrence in women with ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Shurell Elizabeth , Olcese Cristina , Patil Sujata , McCormick Beryl , Van Zee Kimberly J. , Pilewskie Melissa L. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDThe current study was conducted to examine the association between ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) and the timing of radiotherapy (RT) in women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) undergoing breast‐conserving surgery (BCS).METHODSWomen with DCIS who were treated with BCS and RT from 1980 through 2010 were identified from a prospectively maintained database. IBTR rates, measured from the time of RT completion, were compared between those who initiated RT ≤8 weeks, >8 to 12 weeks, and >12 weeks after the completion of surgery. The association between RT timing and IBTR was evaluated by Kaplan‐Meier and log‐rank analyses; Cox modeling was used for multivariable analysis.RESULTSA total of 1323 women met the inclusion criteria. The median follow‐up was 6.6 years, with 311 patients followed for ≥10 years. A total of 126 IBTR events occurred. Patients were categorized by RT timing: 806 patients (61%) with timing of ≤8 weeks, 386 patients (29%) with timing of >8 to 12 weeks, and 131 patients (10%) with timing >12 weeks. The 5‐year and 10‐year IBTR rates were 5.8% and 13.0%, respectively, for RT starting ≤8 weeks after surgery; 3.8% and 7.6%, respectively, for RT starting >8 to 12 weeks after surgery; and 8.8% and 23.0%, respectively, for an RT delay >12 weeks after surgery (P = .004). On multivariable analysis, menopause (hazard ratio [HR], 0.54; P = .0009) and endocrine therapy (HR, 0.45; P = .002) were found to be protective against IBTR, whereas a delay in RT >12 weeks compared with ≤8 weeks was associated with a higher risk of IBTR (HR, 1.92; P = .014). There was no difference in IBTR noted between RT initiation at ≤8 weeks and initiation at >8 to 12 weeks after BCS (P = .3).CONCLUSIONSA delay in RT >12 weeks is associated with a significantly higher risk of IBTR in women undergoing BCS for DCIS. Efforts should be made to avoid delays in starting RT to minimize the risk of disease recurrence. Cancer 2018;124:46‐54. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Cabozantinib is well tolerated in acute myeloid leukemia and effectively inhibits the resistance‐conferring FLT3/tyrosine kinase domain/F691 mutation
Authors: Fathi Amir T. , Blonquist Traci M. , Hernandez Daniela , Amrein Philip C. , Ballen Karen K. , McMasters Malgorzata , Avigan David E. , Joyce Robin , Logan Emma K. , Hobbs Gabriela , Brunner Andrew M. , Joseph Christelle , Perry Ashley M. , Burke Meghan , Behnan Tanya , Foster Julia , Bergeron Meghan K. , Moran Jenna A. , Ramos Aura Y. , Som Tina T. , Rae Jessica , Fishman Kaitlyn M. , McGregor Kristin L. , Connolly Christine , Neuberg Donna S. , Levis Mark J. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDCabozantinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), MET, AXL, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and KIT, is approved for use in multiple malignancies. We assessed the safety and tolerability of cabozantinib in AML, given up‐regulation of multiple relevant pathways.METHODSAdults were eligible if they were 18 years old or older with relapsed/refractory AML or if they were 70 years old or older with newly diagnosed AML but were ineligible for conventional therapy. Cabozantinib was administered in 28‐day cycles, and dose escalation occurred via cohorts. A pharmacodynamic evaluation of serial plasma samples via a plasma inhibitory assay (PIA) was used to assess FLT3‐inhibitory activity in FLT3‐mutant cell lines.RESULTSAmong 18 patients enrolled, 5 were found to harbor FLT3/ITD mutations. Sixteen patients (89%) had relapsed/refractory AML, and most were treated with 2 or more lines of prior treatment. No dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) were detected at the first dose level (40 mg daily), but 2 patients experienced DLTs at the next level (60 mg daily). The remaining patients were then dosed at 40 mg daily, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Additional grade 2 or higher toxicities, possibly/probably related to cabozantinib, included fatigue, nausea, transaminitis, and electrolyte imbalance. No patients had a marrow response according to formal criteria, but 4 had peripheral blast reductions; 2 of these 4 patients transiently cleared circulating blasts. One patient experienced a reduction in marrow blasts, and 1 had stable disease. The FLT3‐inhibitory activity of plasma samples, as assessed with the PIA, revealed potent and sustained inhibition in FLT3/ITD and, notably, F691 tyrosine kinase domain (TKD)–mutant cells.CONCLUSIONSCabozantinib is well tolerated in AML patients at an MTD of 40 mg daily and is a potent inhibitor of FLT3/ITD‐ and F691 TKD–altered tyrosine kinases. Cancer 2018;124:306‐14. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Clinical impact of colonization with multidrug‐resistant organisms on outcome after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Scheich Sebastian , Lindner Sarah , Koenig Rosalie , Reinheimer Claudia , Wichelhaus Thomas A. , Hogardt Michael , Besier Silke , Kempf Volkhard A. J. , Kessel Johanna , Martin Hans , Wilke Anne C. , Serve Hubert , Bug Gesine , Steffen Björn 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is a curative treatment option for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). During transplantation, patients undergo a period of severe neutropenia, which puts them at high risk for infectious complications. However, the impact of patient colonization with multidrug‐resistant organisms (MDRO) on overall survival remains unclear.METHODSIn this retrospective, single‐center study, the authors analyzed data from 264 patients with AML who underwent a first allo‐HSCT between January 2006 and March 2016 at their institution. Primary endpoints were overall survival and nonrelapse‐related mortality.RESULTSOne hundred forty‐two of 264 patients (53.8%) were colonized by at least 1 MDRO, mainly with vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis/faecium (n = 122). The characteristics of colonized patients did not differ from those of MDRO‐negative patients with respect to median age (53.5 vs 53 years), cytogenetic risk according to European LeukemiaNet criteria, remission status before allo‐HSCT (first or second complete remission: 55.7% vs 60.7%, respectively; active disease: 44.4% vs 39.3%, respectively), donor type, or hematopoietic cell transplantation‐comorbidity index (HCT‐CI). Compared with noncolonized patients, MDRO‐positive patients had an inferior probability of survival at 5 years (43.3% vs 65.5%; P = .002), primarily because of a higher cumulative incidence of nonrelapse‐related mortality (33.9% vs 9.4%; P < .001). Death caused by infections occurred in 15.5% of colonized patients versus 4.9% of noncolonized patients. There was no difference in the cumulative incidence of relapse in MDRO‐positive versus MDRO‐negative patients (33.8% vs 42.1%, respectively; P = .798).CONCLUSIONSThe current data emphasize the importance of regular MDRO screenings and prompt further investigations into the impact of colonization with MDRO on the immune system after allo‐HSCT. Cancer 2018;124:286‐96. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Does uniform color affect offside in association football?
Authors: Krenn Bjoern 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPast research has documented an impact of sportswear color on performance and referees' judgments in combat and team sports. Amongst other things, it was argued that these effects may arise from differences in visibility. In this regard, the current study was aimed at questioning the impact of uniform color on offside judgments in association football. We analyzed the number of offside judgments for 1530 matches from the first and second division of the football league in Germany and recorded the color of shirts, shorts and stockings for both teams. Data analyses revealed that attacking teams wearing black shirts and black stockings were accompanied by fewer offside decisions. In contrast, defending teams wearing black or green kits were accompanied by increased offside judgments against the opposing teams. Thus, it seems that black and green kits yielded favourable offside judgments. Regarding the low color contrast with green uniforms on a green lawn and the lower detection rate of dark colors the results suggest that green and black kits are less visible, which may impede players' visual detection. The results emphasise the importance of analyzing the role of uniform color in the context of offside decisions to ensure fair play and equal opportunities of winning.
The Dual Roles of Phenylenediamines: Using their Voltammetric Behavior to Measure the Hydrogen Donor and Acceptor Abilities of Alcohols in Acetonitrile
Authors: Tessensohn Malcolm E. , Lim Sihao , Miechie  , Koh Yu Rong , Hirao Hajime , Webster Richard D. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCyclic voltammetry experiments on 2,3,5,6‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐phenylenediamine (P) in acetonitrile in the presence of varying concentrations of alcohols indicate that the oxidized forms of the compound (P.+ and P2+) interact with the alcohols through a hydrogen‐bonding mechanism where P.+ and P2+ act as the hydrogen donor and the alcohols act as acceptors. However, the neutral form (P) largely acts as a hydrogen acceptor but only for strong hydrogen donors that do not undergo proton‐transfer reactions with the phenylenediamine. These results were ascertained based on measuring the difference in potential of the two one‐electron transfer reactions (ΔEPox(1, 2)=|EPox(1)−EPox(2)|) in the oxidative electrochemistry of P, which thereby allows a simple measure of relative hydrogen bonding strengths.
Solar Water Splitting Utilizing a SiC Photocathode, a BiVO4 Photoanode, and a Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: Iwase Akihide , Kudo Akihiko , Numata Youhei , Ikegami Masashi , Miyasaka Tsutomu , Ichikawa Naoto , Kato Masashi , Hashimoto Hideki , Inoue Haruo , Ishitani Osamu , Tamiaki Hitoshi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe have successfully demonstrated solar water splitting using a newly fabricated photoelectrochemical system with a Pt‐loaded SiC photocathode, a CoOx‐loaded BiVO4 photoanode, and a perovskite solar cell. Detection of the evolved H2 and O2 with a 100 % Faradaic efficiency indicates that the observed photocurrent was used for water splitting. The solar‐to‐hydrogen (STH) efficiency was 0.55 % under no additional bias conditions.
Determination of background, signal‐to‐noise, and dynamic range of a flow cytometer: A novel practical method for instrument characterization and standardization
Authors: Giesecke Claudia , Feher Kristen , von Volkmann Konrad , Kirsch Jenny , Radbruch Andreas , Kaiser Toralf 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA well‐defined scale calibration in flow cytometry can improve many aspects of data acquisition such as cytometer setup, instrument comparison and sample comparison. The theory for scale calibration was proposed by Steen over two decades ago, but it has never been put into regular use due to the lack of a widely available precision light source. The introduction of such a light source, the quantiFlashTM , gave this possibility. Here, we describe how this light source can be used to characterize a cytometer's PMT performance. We, therefore, characterized the instrument's response over the entire PMT voltage range. As a consequence, we propose a practical method to characterize a cytometer's signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range (DNR). This allows the selection of a voltage/gain corresponding to a PMT's maximum efficiency and hence the lowest electronic noise, which can help with experiment design. We further introduced a decibel (dB) scale for the presentation of SNR and DNR values. SNR and DNR are stand‐alone values that allow the direct comparison of different instruments. Finally, with this method, it becomes clear that increased SNR comes at the expense of DNR and thus the limiting factor of modern cytometers is the DNR. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Assessing the potential of translocating vulnerable forest birds by searching for novel and enduring climatic ranges
Authors: Fortini Lucas B. , Kaiser Lauren R. , Vorsino Adam E. , Paxton Eben H. , Jacobi James D. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHawaiian forest birds are imperiled, with fewer than half the original >40 species remaining extant. Recent studies document ongoing rapid population decline and project complete climate‐based range losses for the critically endangered Kaua'i endemics ‘akeke’e (Loxops caeruleirostris) and ‘akikiki (Oreomystis bairdi) by end‐of‐century due to projected warming. Climate change facilitates the upward expansion of avian malaria into native high elevation forests where disease was historically absent. While intensified conservation efforts attempt to safeguard these species and their habitats, the magnitude of potential loss and the urgency of this situation require all conservation options to be seriously considered. One option for Kaua’i endemics is translocation to islands with higher elevation habitats. We explored the feasibility of interisland translocation by projecting baseline and future climate‐based ranges of ‘akeke’e and ‘akikiki across the Hawaiian archipelago. For islands where compatible climates for these species were projected to endure through end‐of‐century, an additional climatic niche overlap analysis compares the spatial overlap between Kaua’i endemics and current native species on prospective destination islands. Suitable climate‐based ranges exist on Maui and Hawai'i for these Kaua'i endemics that offer climatically distinct areas compared to niche distributions of destination island endemics. While we recognize that any decision to translocate birds will include assessing numerous additional social, political, and biological factors, our focus on locations of enduring and ecologically compatible climate‐based ranges represents the first step to evaluate this potential conservation option. Our approach considering baseline and future distributions of species with climatic niche overlap metrics to identify undesirable range overlap provides a method that can be utilized for other climate‐vulnerable species with disjointed compatible environments beyond their native range.
Fundamentals of affinity cell separations
Authors: Zhang Ye , Lyons Veronica , Pappas Dimitri 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCell separations using affinity methods continue to be an enabling science for a wide variety of applications. In this review, we discuss the fundamental aspects of affinity separation, including the competing forces for cell capture and elution, cell‐surface interactions, and models for cell adhesion. Factors affecting separation performance such as bond affinity, contact area, and temperature are presented. We also discuss and demonstrate the effects of nonspecific binding on separation performance. Metrics for evaluating cell separations are presented, along with methods of comparing separation techniques for cell isolation using affinity capture.
Sample preconcentration from dilute solutions on micro/nanofluidic platforms: A review
Authors: Fu Lung‐Ming , Hou Hui‐Hsiung , Chiu Ping‐Hsien , Yang Ruey‐Jen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBiochemical detection plays a critical role in many analytical fields. For example, blood samples include many proteins with relevance to disease diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. Foods and beverages contain a large number of chemicals and compounds which must be quantified and characterized to ensure their compliance with safety standards. Detecting trace amounts of contaminants in ambient air or water samples is essential in monitoring the environment and protecting human health. Therefore, effective techniques for performing the rapid and reliable detection of targeted analytes are required. Compared to conventional macroscale devices, microfluidic systems have many advantages, including a greater sensitivity, a faster response time, a reduced sample and reagent consumption, and a greater portability. Accordingly, many microfluidic systems for sample detection have been proposed in recent years. The performance of such devices relies on the target analyte being present in a sufficient concentration to enable its detection. In many biomedical, food testing and environmental applications, the detection limit was restricted. Thus, the sample must first be concentrated before the detection process is carried out. Accordingly, this review provides a comprehensive review of recent advances for sample preconcentration with emphasis on utilizing ion concentration polarization (ICP) effects in micro/nanofluidics platforms. We start with a brief introduction regarding the importance of preconcentration using micro/nanofluidics platforms, followed by in‐depth discussions of the ICP effects for the preconcentration and applications to biomedical analysis, food testing and environmental monitoring. Finally, the article concludes with a brief perspective on the future development of the field.
Bis-(3-allyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone decreases embryonic viability and alters hepatic mRNA expression at two distinct developmental stages in chicken embryos exposed via egg injection
Authors: Crump Doug , Chiu Suzanne , Williams Kim L. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Concerns surrounding the toxicological effects and environmental prevalence of bisphenol A (BPA) have increased efforts to identify suitable safer replacement alternatives. Bis-(3-allyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone (TGSH) represents a potential BPA alternative; however, exposure and ecotoxicological data are scarce. To determine effects on embryonic viability, development, and hepatic mRNA expression at 2 distinct developmental periods (midincubation [day 11] and pipping [days 20–21]), TGSH was injected into the air cell of unincubated, fertilized chicken embryos at 4 concentrations ranging from 0 to 180 μg/g egg. Concentrations of TGSH increased in a dose-dependent manner in whole-embryo homogenates, and the estimated median lethal dose (LD50) based on embryonic viability at midincubation was 66 µg/g (95% confidence interval = 31–142 µg/g), which is similar to the BPA LD50 (∼ 67 μg/g) reported in a previous study. Modulation of hepatic gene targets from a chicken ToxChip polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was observed at both developmental stages. At midincubation, 21/43 genes on the PCR array were significantly altered (by &gt;1.5-fold) in the 180 μg/g dose group, whereas 9 and 6/43 were altered at pipping in the 9.2 and 48 μg/g groups, respectively. Predominant toxicity pathways included xenobiotic metabolism, lipid homeostasis, bile acid synthesis, and cell cycle regulation. The estrogen-responsive gene apolipoprotein II was significantly up-regulated in liver tissue of midincubation embryos at 180 μg/g; however, neither apolipoprotein II nor vitellogenin II were altered at the other concentrations or developmental time points. Given the importance of identifying suitable BPA replacement alternatives, the present study provides novel, whole-animal toxicological data for a BPA replacement alternative that has an effect on embryonic viability similar to that of the compound it could replace. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:530–537. © 2017 SETAC