bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging—Incremental Value in a Series of 361 Patients Demonstrating Cost Savings and Clinical Benefits: An Outcome-Based Study
Authors: Hegde Vinayak A , Biederman Robert WW , Mikolich J Ronald 
Published: May 2017

Background: This study was designed to assess the clinical impact and cost-benefit of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). In the face of current health care cost concerns, cardiac imaging modalities have come under focused review. Data related to CMR clinical impact and cost-benefit are lacking. Methods and Results: Retrospective review of 361 consecutive patients (pts) who underwent CMR exams was conducted. Indications for CMR were tabulated for appropriateness criteria. Components of the CMR exam were identified along with evidence of clinical impact. The cost of each CMR exam was ascertained along with cost savings attributable to the CMR exam for calculation of an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. A total of 354 of 361 pts (98%) had diagnostic quality studies. Of the 361 pts, 350 (97%) had at least 1 published Appropriateness Criterion for CMR. A significant clinical impact attributable to CMR exam results was observed in 256 of 361 pts (71%). The CMR exam resulted in a new diagnosis in 69 of 361 (27%) pts. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging results avoided invasive procedures in 38 (11%) pts and prevented additional diagnostic testing in 26 (7%) pts. Comparison of health care savings using CMR as opposed to current standards of care showed a net cost savings of $833 037, ie, per patient cost savings of $2308. Conclusions: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging provides diagnostic image quality in >98% of cases. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging findings have documentable clinical impact on patient management in 71% of pts undergoing the exam, in a cost beneficial manner.
A contemporary profile of primary progressive multiple sclerosis participants from the NARCOMS Registry
Authors: Salter Amber , Thomas Nina P , Tyry Tuula , Cutter Gary R , Marrie Ruth Ann 
Published: May 2017

Background: Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) represents 10%–15% of all multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnoses. Information regarding socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of persons with PPMS is limited. Objective: To characterize persons with PPMS in the North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis (NARCOMS) Registry. Methods: We compared demographic and health-related characteristics of NARCOMS Registry participants reporting PPMS in the spring 2015 update survey with those reporting relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), with characteristics of published PPMS cohorts. Results: Of 8004 responders, 6774 self-reported a clinical course of PPMS, SPMS, or RRMS. The PPMS cohort ( n = 632, 9.3%) reported a mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of 64.3 (8.9) years; 62.7% were female; the SPMS and RRMS cohorts were younger and had a higher proportion of females. The NARCOMS PPMS cohort differed in age, time from onset and diagnosis, and proportion of females compared to population-based and clinical trial cohorts. Median (25%, 75%) number of comorbidities was 2 (1, 2) for each cohort with vascular comorbidities being most frequently reported. Conclusion: The NARCOMS population provides a different perspective on persons with PPMS than clinical trials. A better understanding of the characteristics of persons with PPMS may help address unmet needs in this population.
Anti-idling systems for service vehicles: Modeling and experiments
Authors: Khazraee Milad , Huang Yanjun , Khajepour Amir 
Published: May 2017

Vehicles are a major source of fuel consumption and air pollution. Any improvement in their efficiency impacts the environment and economy positively. Service vehicles such as food delivery trucks have many loading and unloading stops during their daily work cycle. In these stops, their auxiliary devices need to be active and hence the engines run at its idling speed resulting in extremely low fuel efficiency. A regenerative auxiliary power system is proposed for anti-idling of service vehicles. This system reduces the engine idling and maximizes the regenerative braking energy by utilizing an additional battery. In this paper, different system configurations and possible options for integration of regenerative auxiliary power system to the vehicle powertrain are studied. Backward-looking scalable powertrain components modeling approach is utilized to create a flexible system model which can be easily modified for different vehicles. The full system model has scalability and composability features. A library for common components used in service vehicles is developed for ease of development of such anti-idling systems. Hardware-in-the-loop tests and a prototype model of regenerative auxiliary power system have been utilized for the laboratory evaluation in order to validate the model and characterize the regenerative auxiliary power system components.
Cooking fuel and respiratory symptoms among people living with HIV in rural Uganda
Authors: North Crystal M. , Valeri Linda , Hunt Peter W. , Mocello A. Rain , Martin Jeffrey N. , Boum Yap , Haberer Jessica E. , Bangsberg David R. , Christiani David C. , Siedner Mark J. 
Published: May 2017

Household air pollution (HAP) and chronic HIV infection are each associated with significant respiratory morbidity. Little is known about relationships between HAP and respiratory symptoms among people living with HIV. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between cooking fuel type and chronic respiratory symptoms in study participants from the Uganda AIDS Rural Treatment Outcomes Study.Study participants were enrolled at the time of antiretroviral therapy initiation and seen quarterly from 2005 to 2014 for health-focused questionnaires, CD4 count and HIV viral load. We used multivariable logistic regression and generalised estimating equations, with each study visit as a unit of observation, to investigate relationships between cooking fuel type and chronic respiratory symptoms.We observed an association between cooking with firewood (versuscharcoal) and chronic cough among HIV-infected females in rural Uganda (adjusted OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.00–1.99; p=0.047). We did not observe an association between cooking fuel type and respiratory symptoms among males (adjusted OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.47–1.63; p=0.658).Associations between cooking fuel and chronic cough in this HIV-infected cohort may be influenced by sex-based roles in meal preparation. This study raises important questions about relationships between household air pollution, HIV infection and respiratory morbidity.
Influence of deformation-band fault damage zone on reservoir performance
Authors: Qu Dongfang , Tveranger Jan , Fachri Muhammad 
Published: May 2017

Access to 3D descriptions of fault zone architectures and recent development of modeling techniques allowing explicit rendering of these features in reservoir models, provide a new tool for detailed implementation of fault zone properties. Our aim is to assess how explicit rendering of fault zone architecture and properties affects performance of fluid flow simulation models. The test models use a fault with a maximum 100 m displacement and a fault damage zone with petrophysical heterogeneity caused by the presence of deformation bands. The distribution pattern of deformation bands in fault damage zones is well-documented, which allows generation of realistic models. A multiscale modeling workflow is applied to incorporate these features into reservoir models. Model input parameters were modulated to provide a range of property distributions, and the interplay between the modeling parameters and reservoir performance was analyzed. The influence of deformation-band damage zone on reservoir performance in the presence of different fault core transmissibility-multipliers was investigated. Two configurations are considered: one in which the fault terminates inside the model domain, representing a case in which the fluid can flow around the fault, and one in which the fault dissects the entire model domain, representing a case in which the fluid is forced to cross the fault. We observed that the impact of deformation-band fault damage zone on reservoir performance changes when the fault core transmissibility multiplier is changed. Reservoir performance is insensitive to changing damage zone heterogeneity in a configuration in which flow can move around the fault. Where flow cannot bypass the fault, the influence of fault damage zone heterogeneity on reservoir performance is significant even when the fault core transmissibility multiplier is low.
One-year symptom trajectories in patients with stable schizophrenia maintained on antipsychotics versus placebo: meta-analysis
Authors: Takeuchi Hiroyoshi , Kantor Navot , Sanches Marcos , Fervaha Gagan , Agid Ofer , Remington Gary 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundAs definitions of relapse differ substantially between studies, in investigations involving data aggregation, total scores on clinical rating scales provide a more generalisable outcome.AimsTo compare total symptom trajectories for antipsychotic versus placebo treatment over a 1-year period of maintenance treatment in schizophrenia.MethodRandomised controlled trials with antipsychotic and placebo treatment arms in patients with stable schizophrenia that reported Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale total scores at more than one time point were included. Meta-regression analyses were employed using a mixed model.ResultsA total of 11 studies involving 2826 patients were included. Meta-regression analyses revealed significant interactions between group and time (PS<0.0001); both standardised total scores and per cent score changes remained almost unchanged in patients continuing antipsychotic treatment, whereas symptoms continuously worsened over time in those switching to placebo treatment.ConclusionsWhen considering long-term antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia, clinicians must balance symptomatic and functional outcomes.
High DHEAS Is Associated With Earlier Pubertal Events in Girls But Not in Boys
Authors: Pereira Ana , Iñiguez German , Corvalan Camila , Mericq Verónica 
Published: May 2017

Context:Premature adrenarche (PA) has been associated with increased metabolic risk.Objective:To describe the risk of precocious thelarche (PT; &lt;8 years), pubarche (PP; girls &lt;8 years, boys &lt;9 years), and gonadarche (PG; &lt;9 years) in children with high dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS [HD]) vs those with normal DHEAS (ND).Setting and Intervention:Longitudinal Chilean cohort (n = 1052, 49.9% girls). Annual clinical examination including secondary sex characteristics by Tanner staging. Logistic regression models were adjusted by age and BMI.Main Outcome:Assess the relationship between DHEAS and premature thelarche, gonadarche, and pubarche in both sexes.Results:At age of DHEAS determination, overweight/obesity was present in 44.3% of boys and 42.9% of girls. Incidences of any precocious event were observed in 17.2% of boys and in 25.4% of girls, presented as 8.7% of PG and 8.5% of PP in boys and as 21.3% of PT and 4.1% of PP in girls. In crude and adjusted models in boys, HD did not increase the risk of earlier pubertal events. Conversely, girls with HD had a 2.6 times greater risk of early thelarche and a three times greater risk of early pubarche compared with girls with ND concentrations.Conclusion:In Chilean adolescents, precocious events of pubertal development were in line with the worldwide secular trend of earlier sexual maturation. HD was only associated with PT and PP in girls. Continuous follow-up of this cohort is a unique opportunity to prospectively address and analyze the interrelationships among HD, early growth, and adiposity as determinants of gonadarche, pubertal rate/sequence progression, and ovarian function.
Parameterization Theory Elements and Parametric Drawings in "KOMPAS-Graphic"
Authors: Харах  , Kharakh Matvey , Козлова  , Kozlova Irina , Славин  , Slavin Boris , Славин  , Slavin R. , Гусева  , Guseva T. 
Published: May 2017

Some elements of geometric objects’ parameterization theory are considered in this paper. An analysis of this theory development by leading Soviet scientists has been presented. It is known that figure’s parameters are determined by adding shape parameters with location parameters. In the drawing these parameters are expressed as dimensions. Relations between figures are determined or by their mutual affiliation, or by perpendicularity, or by their touch. These ratios allow reduce dimensions number on a drawing. The link of the parameterization theory with creation of parametric drawings has been demonstrated in the considering
work. Definitions for such concepts as parameter and parametric drawing have been given. A various geometric figures’ parameters calculation principle has been considered. The order of assignment in parametric form of different geometrical objects (point, straight line), as well as any figure’s position in space has been presented. Assignments of geometrical conditions for membership, parallelism, perpendicularity, contact by parameters have been considered. A detailed description for parametric drawing in "KOMPAS-Graphic" program has been presented. Advantages and features related to carrying out of parametric fragments (with geometric and dimensional dependencies) and drawings in this program for various industries have been laid in detail. Some features and approaches in carrying out parametric drawings and fragments, which worthwhile to apply for different modifications of items when needed to creat group drawings, have been proposed for consideration. Traditional methods for creation of the group drawings using CAD systems effectively increase intellectual work’s performance. The CAD systems capabilities use will enable designers to implement various ways and possibilities comprehensively for creation and presentation of graphic information.
Improving the system of administration of the tax on personal income in the Russian Federation
Authors: Сарапкина  , Sarapkina Nikol' , Азеева  , Azeeva Dar'ya 
Published: May 2017

Tax on income of physical persons (hereinafter - PIT) as the most affecting the material well-being of
citizens have repeatedly been subjected to drastic methodological changes, having been proportional,
differentiated, with simple and complex progression rate. All changes emphasize the need to find a balance
interests of the state and citizens in the income taxation.
Collaboration and Multitasking in Networks: Prioritization and Achievable Capacity
Authors: Gurvich Itai , Van Mieghem Jan A. 
Published: May 2017

Motivated by the trend toward more collaboration in workflows, we study networks where some tasks require the simultaneous processing by multiple types of multitasking human or indivisible resources. The capacity of such networks is generally smaller than the bottleneck capacity. In Gurvich and Van Mieghem [Gurvich I, Van Mieghem JA (GVM1) Collaboration and multitasking in networks: Architectures, bottlenecks, and capacity. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 17(1):16–33], we proved that both capacities are equal in networks with a hierarchical collaboration architecture, which define a collaboration level for each task depending on how many types of resources it requires. This paper studies how task prioritization impacts the achievable capacity of such hierarchical networks using a conceptual queueing framework that formalizes coordination and switching idleness. To maximize the capacity of a collaborative network, highest priority must be given to the tasks that require the most collaboration. Otherwise, a mismatch between priority levels and collaboration levels inevitably inflicts a capacity loss. We demonstrate this fundamental tension between flexibility in task prioritization (ability to adjust quality of service) and capacity (productivity) in a basic collaborative network and in parallel networks. To manage this trade-off, we present a hierarchical threshold priority policy that balances switching and coordination idleness. The online companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2722 . This paper was accepted by Noah Gans, stochastic models and simulation.
Non-contact electromagnetic induction heating for eradicating bacteria and yeasts on biomaterials and possible relevance to orthopaedic implant infections
Authors: Pijls B. G. , Sanders I. M. J. G. , Kuijper E. J. , Nelissen R. G. H. H. 
Published: May 2017

Objectives Infection of implants is a major problem in elective and trauma surgery. Heating is an effective way to reduce the bacterial load in food preparation, and studies on hyperthermia treatment for cancer have shown that it is possible to heat metal objects with pulsed electromagnetic fields selectively (PEMF), also known as induction heating. We therefore set out to answer the following research question: is non-contact induction heating of metallic implants effective in reducing bacterial load in vitro? Methods Titanium alloy cylinders (Ti6Al4V) were exposed to PEMF from an induction heater with maximum 2000 watts at 27 kHz after being contaminated with five different types of micro-organisms: Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus aureus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; spore-forming Bacillus cereus; and yeast Candida albicans. The cylinders were exposed to incremental target temperatures (35°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C) for up to 3.5 minutes. Results There was an average linear heating rate of 0.39°C per second up to the target temperature, and thereafter the target temperature was maintained until the end of the experiment. At 60°C and higher (duration 3.5 minutes), there was a 6-log reduction or higher for every micro-organism tested. At 60°C, we found that the shortest duration of effective induction heating was 1.5 minutes. This resulted in a 5-log reduction or higher for every micro-organism tested. Conclusion Non-contact induction heating of a titanium disk is effective in reducing bacterial load in vitro. These promising results can be further explored as a new treatment modality for infections of metal orthopaedic implants. Cite this article: B. G. Pijls, I. M. J. G. Sanders, E. J. Kuijper, R. G. H. H. Nelissen. Non-contact electromagnetic induction heating for eradicating bacteria and yeasts on biomaterials and possible relevance to orthopaedic implant infections: In vitro findings. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:323–330. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.65.BJR-2016-0308.R1.
Verletzlichkeit
Authors: Bieler Andrea 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This essay approaches the topic of vulnerability from the perspective of a phenomenology of the body, not focusing on deficits but understanding vulnerability as a fundamental form of affectedness that implies both the risk of being physically and mentally hurt and the ability to love. A basic tenet for practical theology is the oscillation between fundamental and situative vulnerability continually producing new forms of vulnerable life. Perceiving these oscillations very carefully is a central task, especially for poimenics and the theory of occasional services. From a theological perspective, it is about a hidden sense of possibilities and about an implied processual orientation within the perception of human createdness.
Mystik als Motiv devotionaler Fitness?
Authors: Bauer Benedikt 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This contribution discusses the connection between the - regarding the recent history of research - still young topic of devotional fitness and the category of mystics. Evangelical Christians on the North American continent participate in this phenomenon of piety featuring mystical motifs and impulses. This amalgamation of mystical motifs and somatic aspects is exemplified in three different programs.
Das Altern und der neue Mensch
Authors: Heuser Stefan 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This contribution deals with the questions of how the processes of aging can be viewed from a Protestant theological perspective. It first presents potent images of age and aging from the realms of culture and science and probes their normative implications. Then it criticizes images of age and aging which understand age and aging as gradual loss of full humanity. For this purpose it engages Thomas Rentsch’s philosophy of age and aging as a process of human self-realization. Thus it visualizes an area of tension between concepts of age and aging, which becomes a backdrop of developing a theological perception of age and aging while engaging Gerhard Sauter’s reflections on this topic. Theology hence instigates a perception of aging that considers age within the framework of God’s care as both a besetting and disempowered phase of life. It investigates whether and how experiences of age and aging cannot only be perceived from its chronological end point, but rather from new life in Christ as the promised goal of human existence. Hence theology does not have any special knowledge that allows it to explain the process of aging as a whole and to make sense of it; it rather reflects about the possibility of bringing experiences of aging into a dialogue with God’s history with his creatures as revealed in Christ. The essay concludes with a short prospect of this perspective on age and aging informing research possibilities in the areas of health management and pastoral care.
Reformation und Geld
Authors: Stegmann Andreas 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die Neuordnung der Kirchenfinanzen und die Anleitung zum christlichen Umgang mit Besitz und Geld waren große Herausforderungen für die frühe Reformation, wie das Beispiel Martin Luthers und der Wittenberger Reformation zeigen. Das Finanzwesen der mittelalterlichen Kirche wurde angesichts der neuen Anforderungen erheblich umgestaltet. Zugleich bemühte sich die Reformation, deutlich zu machen, dass die weltlichen Güter sowohl für das tägliche Leben nutzbar zu machende Schöpfungsgabe als auch durch sündhaften Missbrauch bedrohte Gefährdung christlichen Lebens seien.
Hohe Erwartungen
Authors: Dohmen Caspar 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Das Thema Geld hat immer schon eine wichtige Rolle für die gesellschaftliche Wahrnehmung der Kirche gespielt. An die Kirchen werden in den Medien andere Maßstäbe angelegt als an Unternehmen. Den Medien kommt eine wichtige Rolle dabei zu, bei den Kirchen mehr Transparenz in Gelddingen zu bewirken.
Zum Pfarrberuf (aus-)bilden
Authors: Kasparick Hanna 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Das evangelische Predigerseminar Wittenberg konnte im vergangenen Jahr an diesem ge­schichtsträchtigen Ort sein 200-jähriges Bestehen feiern und auf eine wechselvolle Geschichte zurückblicken. Gleichzeitig musste und muss es sich den gegenwärtigen kulturellen Verände­rungen und gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen stellen: Der radikalen gesellschaftlichen Pluralität als Signatur des Pfarrberufs, der didaktischen Spannung zwischen Bildung und Ausbildung, den veränderten Geschlechter- und Familienkonstellationen sowie der neu ent­deckten Bedeutung von Zeit- und Wochenrhythmen. Nur auf diese Weise kann gelingen, in dieser Einrichtung sinnvoll für den Pfarrberuf des 21. Jh. auszubilden.