bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myenteric neuroprotective role of aspirin in acute and chronic experimental infections with Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Oda J. Y. , Belém M. O. , Carlos T. M. , Gouveia R. , Luchetti B. F. C. , Moreira N. M. , Massocatto C. L. , Araújo S. M. , Sant´Ana D. M. G. , Buttow N. C. , Pinge‐Filho P. , Araújo E. J. A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundExperimental and clinical studies have shown that myenteric neuron cell death during infection with Trypanosoma cruzi mainly occurs in the esophagus and colon, resulting in megaesophagus and megacolon, respectively. Evidence suggests that the cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX) is involved in the T. cruzi invasion process. The use of low‐dose aspirin (ASA), a COX‐1/COX‐2 inhibitor, has been shown to reduce infection with T. cruzi. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the effects of treatment with low‐dose ASA on myenteric colonic neurons during murine infection with T. cruzi.MethodsSwiss mice were assigned into groups treated with either phosphate‐buffered saline or low doses of ASA during the acute phase (20 mg/kg ASA) and chronic phase (50 mg/kg ASA) of infection with the Y strain of T. cruzi. Seventy‐five days after infection, colon samples were collected to quantify inflammatory foci in histological sections and also general (myosin‐V+), nitrergic, and VIPergic myenteric neurons in whole mounts. Gastrointestinal transit time was also measured.Key ResultsAspirin treatment during the acute phase of infection reduced parasitemia (P<.05). Aspirin treatment during the acute or chronic phase of the infection reduced the intensity of inflammatory foci in the colon, protected myenteric neurons from cell death and plastic changes, and recovered the gastrointestinal transit of mice infected with T. cruzi (P<.05).Conclusion & InferencesEarly and delayed treatment with low‐dose ASA can reduce the morphofunctional damage of colonic myenteric neurons caused by murine T. cruzi infection.
Determination of role of ceruloplasmin in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral malignancy—A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Shah P H , Venkatesh R , More C B 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesIn the process of carcinogenesis, lipid peroxidation and increased oxidative stress lead to changes in certain antioxidants. This study was aimed to assess and co‐relate serum levels of ceruloplasmin in oral premalignancies and oral cancer so as to gauge its possible association with the process of carcinogenesis and to determine its role as tumor marker.Material and MethodsThe study population comprised of 300 participants, equally divided into six study groups, that is, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), oral leukoplakia (OL), nicotina stomatitis (NS), oral malignancy (OM), controls (C), and healthy controls (HC); 5 ml of blood was collected from ante cubital vein from each participant. The serum was analyzed for ceruloplasmin levels using ERBA CHEM 5 PLUS semiautomated chemistry analyzer and diagnostic kit by turbidimetric immunoassay.ResultsThere were total 242 males and 58 females, who were between 18 and 82 years of age, with a mean of 45.31 ± 13.97 years. The serum ceruloplasmin levels were significantly increased in OM, OSMF, OL, and NS groups as compared to C and HC groups (p < .001). No statistically significant difference was found in intragroup analysis of the disease groups (p > .05).ConclusionSerum ceruloplasmin can be used as diagnostic marker for oral premalignant and malignant lesions.
Cybersecurity and medical devices: A practical guide for cardiac electrophysiologists
Authors: Ransford Benjamin , Kramer Daniel B. , Foo Kune Denis , Auto de Medeiros Julio , Yan Chen , Xu Wenyuan , Crawford Thomas , Fu Kevin 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMedical devices increasingly depend on software. While this expands the ability of devices to perform key therapeutic and diagnostic functions, reliance on software inevitably causes exposure to hazards of security vulnerabilities. This article uses a recent high‐profile case example to outline a proactive approach to security awareness that incorporates a scientific, risk‐based analysis of security concerns that supports ongoing discussions with patients about their medical devices.
Immunoregulatory protein B7‐H3 promotes growth and decreases sensitivity to therapy in metastatic melanoma cells
Authors: Flem‐Karlsen Karine , Tekle Christina , Andersson Yvonne , Flatmark Kjersti , Fodstad Øystein , Nunes‐Xavier Caroline E. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryB7‐H3 (CD276) belongs to the B7 family of immunoregulatory proteins and has been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. In this study, we found that metastatic melanoma cells with knockdown expression of B7‐H3 showed modest decrease in proliferation and glycolytic capacity and were more sensitive to dacarbazine (DTIC) chemotherapy and small‐molecule inhibitors targeting MAP kinase (MAPK) and AKT/mTOR pathways: vemurafenib (PLX4032; BRAF inhibitor), binimetinib (MEK‐162; MEK inhibitor), everolimus (RAD001; mTOR inhibitor), and triciribidine (API‐2; AKT inhibitor). Similar effects were observed in melanoma cells in the presence of an inhibitory B7‐H3 monoclonal antibody, while the opposite was seen in B7‐H3‐overexpressing cells. Further, combining B7‐H3 inhibition with small‐molecule inhibitors resulted in significantly increased antiproliferative effect in melanoma cells, as well as in BRAFV600E mutated cell lines derived from patient biopsies. Our findings indicate that targeting B7‐H3 may be a novel alternative to improve current therapy of metastatic melanoma.
Importance of Group Therapeutic Support for Family Members of Children with Alopecia Areata: A Cross‐Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Aschenbeck Kelly A. , McFarland Sarah L. , Hordinsky Maria K. , Lindgren Bruce R. , Farah Ronda S. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesThe psychological effect of alopecia areata (AA) is well documented, but group interaction may help lessen this burden. We aimed to determine factors that draw patients with AA and their families to group events.MethodsSurveys were administered at the annual alopecia areata bowling social in 2015 and 2016. This event is a unique opportunity for children with AA and their families to meet others with the disease and connect with local support group resources from the Minnesota branch of the National Alopecia Areata Foundation. Data from 2015 and 2016 were combined. Comparisons of subgroups were performed using Fisher exact tests for response frequencies and percentages and two‐sample t tests for mean values.ResultsAn equal number of men and women participated in the study (n = 13 each). The average age was 41.1 years. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in survey responses based on respondent age or sex. Twenty‐three (88.5%) attendees sought to connect with others with AA and met three or more people during the event. Seventeen (65.4%) also attended other support group events. Twelve respondents (46.2%) came to support a friend or family member. One hundred percent of attendees identified socializing with others with AA as important.ConclusionsGroup interaction is an important source of therapeutic support for people with AA and their families.
Building Holistic Evidence for Social Media Impact
Authors: Mergel Ines 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSocial media measurement is important for understanding an organization's reach and engagement with its audiences. In response to Warren Kagarise and Staci M. Zavattaro's question about what works in social media measurement, this article discusses how public administration researchers and practitioners are using social media data that they can easily collect from social media platforms and contrasts these practices with data measurement efforts that can provide deeper insights for evidence‐based decision making. This evidence includes interactivity and connectivity among citizens, attributes of network actors, and network structures and positions to understand how content travels through the network and who are the influential actors.
Insulin‐like growth factor I enhances the developmental competence of yak embryos by modulating aquaporin 3
Authors: Chen P , Pan Y , Cui Y , Wen Z , Liu P , He H , Li Q , Peng X , Zhao T , Yu S 
Published: May 2017

ContentsThe objective of our present study was to determine the effects of insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) on the development of yak (Bos grunniens) embryos after cumulus–oocyte complex (COC) vitrification and warming followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF). In Experiment 1, the yak COCs underwent vitrification and then IVF. Embryos were incubated in synthetic oviductal fluid (SOF) supplemented with four concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 200 ng/ml) of IGF‐I, while the yak COCs without vitrification or IGF‐I supplementation acted as the control group; the BAX, BCL‐2, AQP3mRNA and aquaporin 3 (AQP3) protein expression levels in the five groups of blastocysts were evaluated using quantitative real‐time PCR and immunofluorescence analyses. In Experiment 2, the groups described above were fertilized and incubated. The cleavage rate, blastocyst rate, total cell count per blastocyst and the rate of growth of the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) were evaluated. The results were as follows: (1) the AQP3 gene expression and protein expression in the control and 100 ng/ml IGF‐I treatment groups were the highest. (2) The BAX gene expression was the lowest and the BCL‐2 gene expression was the highest in the control and 100 ng/ml IGF‐I treatment groups. (3) The rates of cleavage and blastocysts in the control and 100 ng/ml IGF‐I groups were higher than those in the other three groups. The total cell count per blastocyst in the vitrified and warmed 100 ng/ml IGF‐I group (106.7 ± 4.9) and the control group (107.3 ± 4.2) was higher than that in the vitrified and warmed 0 ng/ml IGF‐I (91.2 ± 3.1), 50 ng/ml IGF‐I (92.3 ± 3.7) and 200 ng/ml IGF‐I (92.4 ± 3.7) groups. Therefore, we conclude that IGF‐I can improve yak blastocyst developmental ability, cytomembrane permeability and formation of the blastocyst cavity after COC vitrification by improving the BAX, BCL‐2 and AQP3 expression levels.
Longitudinal relations among parenting daily hassles, child rearing, and prosocial and aggressive behaviors in Turkish children
Authors: Gülseven Zehra , Carlo Gustavo , Streit Cara , Kumru Asiye , Selçuk Bilge , Sayıl Melike 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe present study was designed to examine the longitudinal relations between parenting daily hassles and young children's later prosocial and aggressive behaviors, as well as the mediating role of parenting practices in a non‐Western society. The final sample was 159 middle class Turkish school age children (45.3% girls, Mage= 84.69 months, 76.9% from public school, 23.1% from private school in Bolu, Ankara, and İstanbul) and their mothers. Overall, we found longitudinal evidence that parenting daily hassles, warmth, and physical punishment were significantly and differentially associated with children's prosocial and aggressive behaviors 3 years later. The present findings extend our understanding of the interplay of parenting and stress in predicting children's prosocial and aggressive development in a non‐Western culture.
Metastasis‐associated microRNA expression in canine uveal melanoma
Authors: Starkey M. P. , Compston‐Garnett L. , Malho P. , Dunn K. , Dubielzig R. 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundUveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumour in dogs. There is no effective means of predicting whether a tumour will metastasize. microRNA (miRNA) metastasis signatures have been identified for several human cancers, including UM.AimsIn this study we investigated whether metastasizing and non‐metastasizing canine UMs can be distinguished by miRNA expression levels.Materials and Methods
miRNA microarray profiling was used to compare miRNA expression in 8 metastasizing and 12 non‐metastasizing formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) primary UM biopsies.ResultsFourteen miRNAs exhibited statistically significant differences in expression between the metastasizing and non‐metastasizing tumours. Class prediction analysis pinpointed 9 miRNAs which categorized tumours as metastasizing or non‐metastasizing with an accuracy of 89%. Of the discriminating miRNAs, 8 were up‐regulated in metastasizing UM, and included 3 miRNAs implicated as potential “metastasis activators” in human cutaneous melanoma. The expression of 4 of the miRNAs was subsequently measured using the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), and their up‐regulation in metastasizing tumours validated.Conclusion
miRNA expression profiles may potentially be used to identify UMs that will metastasize, and miRNAs that are up‐regulated in metastasizing tumours may be targets for therapeutic intervention.
Effects of encapsulated porcine islets on glucose and C‐peptide concentrations in diabetic nude mice 6 months after intraperitoneal transplantation
Authors: Nishimura Masuhiro , Iizuka Naho , Fujita Yasutaka , Sawamoto Osamu , Matsumoto Shinichi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with type 1 diabetes, allogeneic islet transplantation can provide normal HbA1c concentrations, but it requires immunosuppression. Transplanting encapsulated islets into the peritoneal cavity could reduce or eliminate the need for immunosuppression. One of the uncertain features of intraperitoneal islet transplantation is the difficulty of measuring C‐peptide concentrations in peripheral blood, which is often used for the marker of islet function. We hypothesized that secreted C‐peptide from intraperitoneally transplanted islets was mostly consumed in the peritoneal cavity, which resulted in low C‐peptide concentrations in peripheral blood.MethodsIn each of two experiments, encapsulated neonatal porcine islets were intraperitoneally transplanted into four nude mice with streptozotocin‐induced diabetes. Three diabetic nude mice without transplanted islets were used as diabetic controls, and three untreated healthy nude mice were used as normal controls. Islet functions were monitored for 2 months in the first experiment and 6 months in the second experiment. Encapsulated islets were retrieved after each experiment and evaluated by fluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide tests for the viability and static glucose‐stimulated insulin release tests for the function. C‐peptide concentrations from the blood and from the intraperitoneal cavity at 6 months were compared.ResultsIn both experiments, diabetes was reversed in all transplanted mice, and oral glucose tolerance test showed improved profiles. In general, retrieved islets were viable and functional. However, blood porcine C‐peptide concentrations were low at both 2 and 6 months, and concentrations in the ascites of peritoneal cavity were 40 times as high as those in blood.ConclusionsThe peripheral blood sampling for c‐peptide, though highly informative in vascularized grafts, may not be the primary tool for monitoring the health and function of encapsulated products when transplanted into intraperitoneal cavity. Our results might explain the clinical feature of the low C‐peptide blood concentrations after successful intraperitoneal encapsulated islet transplantation.
Cortical contributions to sensory gating in the ipsilateral somatosensory cortex during voluntary activity
Authors: Lei Yuming , Perez Monica A. 
Published: May 2017

Key points
It has long been known that the somatosensory cortex gates sensory inputs from the contralateral side of the body. Here, we examined the contribution of the ipsilateral somatosensory cortex (iS1) to sensory gating during index finger voluntary activity.
The amplitude of the P25/N33, but not other somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) components, was reduced during voluntary activity compared with rest. Interhemispheric inhibition between S1s and intracortical inhibition in the S1 modulated the amplitude of the P25/N33. Note that changes in interhemispheric inhibition between S1s correlated with changes in cortical circuits in the ipsilateral motor cortex.
Our findings suggest that cortical circuits, probably from somatosensory and motor cortex, contribute to sensory gating in the iS1 during voluntary activity in humans.
AbstractAn important principle in the organization of the somatosensory cortex is that it processes afferent information from the contralateral side of the body. The role of the ipsilateral somatosensory cortex (iS1) in sensory gating in humans remains largely unknown. Using electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings over the iS1 and electrical stimulation of the ulnar nerve at the wrist, we examined somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs; P14/N20, N20/P25 and P25/N33 components) and paired‐pulse SSEPs between S1s (interhemispheric inhibition) and within (intracortical inhibition) the iS1 at rest and during tonic index finger voluntary activity. We found that the amplitude of the P25/N33, but not other SSEP components, was reduced during voluntary activity compared with rest. Interhemispheric inhibition increased the amplitude of the P25/N33 and intracortical inhibition reduced the amplitude of the P25/N33, suggesting a cortical origin for this effect. The P25/N33 receives inputs from the motor cortex, so we also examined the contribution of distinct sets of cortical interneurons by testing the effect of ulnar nerve stimulation on motor‐evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation over the ipsilateral motor cortex with the coil in the posterior–anterior (PA) and anterior–posterior (AP) orientation. Afferent input attenuated PA, but not AP, MEPs during voluntary activity compared with rest. Notably, changes in interhemispheric inhibition correlated with changes in PA MEPs. Our novel findings suggest that interhemispheric projections between S1s and intracortical circuits, probably from somatosensory and motor cortex, contribute to sensory gating in the iS1 during voluntary activity in humans.
Different Relationship Between Physical Activity, Arterial Stiffness, and Metabolic Status in Obese Subjects
Authors: Joo Hyung Joon , Cho Sang-A , Cho Jae-Young , Lee Seunghun , Park Jae Hyung , Yu Cheol Woong , Hong Soon Jun , Lim Do-Sun 
Published: May 2017

Background:Although the relationship between physical activity and arterial stiffness has been shown in healthy persons, it remains controversial in obese persons.Methods:From January 2014 to September 2014, we evaluated 795 obese subjects from 25 public health centers in Seoul, Korea. We compared physical activity and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) between obese subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) (MO) and obese subjects without MetS (NMO).Results:The MO group had more men, higher body mass index (BMI), higher fasting glucose level, lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level, and higher triglyceride level. The mean physical activity levels were similar between the 2 groups. baPWV was higher in the MO group than the NMO group. MO group showed positive correlation between baPWV and physical activity (Ptrend = 0.04). Interestingly, baPWV was significantly higher in the MO group than in the NMO group in subjects with moderate and vigorous physical activity (1403.4 cm/sec vs 1349 cm/sec [95% CI 21.4 to 87.4], P < .05). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was apparently associated with age, BMI, blood pressure, and glucose level.Conclusions:In a community-based population, baPWV was higher in obese MetS group compared with obese non-MetS group. Physical activity showed different association with baPWV depending on metabolic status.
Effects of Volume Training on Strength and Endurance of Back Muscles: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shigaki Leonardo , Araújo Cynthia Gobbi Alves , Calderon Mariane Guizeline , Costa Thais Karoline Cezar , Aguiar Andreo Fernando , Costa Leonardo Oliveira Pena , da Silva Rubens A. 
Published: May 2017

Context: Strength/resistance training volume has historically been supported in the American College of Sports Medicine recommendations. However, for the back muscles, exercise prescription related to the number of sets, such as single versus multiple, is not well established in the literature. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 2 training volumes on strength and endurance of back-extensor muscles in untrained young participants with regard to a repeated-measures design. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Laboratory of functional evaluation and human motor performance. Participants: Forty-four untrained young participants (mean age = 21 y) were randomized into single-set (n = 14), multiple-set (MSG, n = 15), and untrained control (n = 15) groups. Intervention: The single-set group and MSG underwent a 10-week progressive resistance training program (2 d/wk) using a 45° Roman chair. Main Outcome Measures: Back maximal strength (dynamometer) and isometric and dynamic endurance (time limit, trunk extension–flexion cycles, and electromyography muscle fatigue estimates). Results: The results showed differences between the MSG and control group for isometric endurance time (mean = 19.8 s; 95% confidence interval, −44.1 to 4.8), but without time intervention significance. Significant improvement after training (P < .05) was found predominantly during dynamic endurance (number of repetitions) for both the MSG (+61%) and single-set group (+26%) compared with preintervention, whereas the control group reported no benefit. There was no significant (P > .05) difference in either strength or electromyography estimates after training. Conclusions: Both multiple and single volume training were efficient in promoting better back endurance during dynamic performance based on mechanical variables (time and number of repetitions).
Complete Genome Sequence of an Emergent Recombinant GII.P16-GII.2 Norovirus Strain Associated with an Epidemic Spread in the Winter of 2016-2017 in Hong Kong, China
Authors: Chan Martin C. W. , Kwok Kirsty , Hung Tin-Nok , Chan Lok-Yi , Chan Paul K. S. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
A new recombinant norovirus, GII.P16-GII.2, emerged in the winter of 2016-2017. Here, we report the complete genome of this strain (Hu/GII/HK/2016/GII.P16-GII.2/CUHK-NS-1082), which was collected from a patient hospitalized with gastroenteritis in September 2016 in Hong Kong, China, and sequenced using next-generation sequencing. This genome had a 95.2% nucleotide identity to the closest sequence in GenBank.
First Insights into the Genome Sequence of the Cellulolytic Bacterium Clostridium hungatei DSM 14427
Authors: Poehlein Anja , Funkner Katrina , Schüler Miriam A. , Daniel Rolf 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Clostridium hungatei
is an obligate anaerobic and spore-forming bacterium, which was isolated from soil. It ferments carbohydrates, such as cellulose or
d
-glucose.
C. hungatei
is able to fix nitrogen. The draft genome consists of 1 chromosome (4.902 Mb) with 4,246 predicted protein-coding genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium abscessus Bamboo
Authors: Yee Michelle , Klinzing David , Wei Jun-Rong , Gengenbacher Martin , Rubin Eric J. , Dick Thomas 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium abscessus
, an intrinsically multidrug-resistant pathogen, causes chronic incurable lung disease. New drugs for this emerging pathogen represent an urgent unmet medical need. Here, we report a draft genome sequence of
M. abscessus
Bamboo, a clinical isolate used as a screening strain for drug discovery.