bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrent cisplatin hypersensitivity reaction after first exposure: A case report
Authors: Solomon Benjamin , Colonna Sarah 
Published: October 2017

Purpose Hypersensitivity reactions to platinum-based chemotherapies are well documented and are often a limiting factor in treating a variety of cancers. Allergy skin testing has been used to determine if repeat exposure is safe. We report a case of a false negative skin allergy test in an atypical presentation of cisplatin hypersensitivity reaction. Case report A 64-year-old male diagnosed with stage IVa squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx who developed a delayed reaction of face swelling and dysphagia following exposure to a single dose of cisplatin. Skin allergy testing performed and was negative. On second dosing of cisplatin, the patient developed an immediate hypersensitivity reaction. Cisplatin was discontinued, and the patient was transitioned to cetuximab. The rest of chemoradiation therapy was completed without further incident. Discussion This case demonstrates the limited efficacy of skin allergy testing for cisplatin. Furthermore, it is an atypical presentation of cisplatin-related hypersensitivity as it occurred following the patient’s first dose despite no prior exposure to platinum-based chemotherapy. Conclusion Skin allergy testing has limited sensitivity for platinum-based chemotherapy and caution should be exercised in weighing risk and benefits of re-exposure. Although rare, cisplatin hypersensitivity can present after first exposure.
Metformin and N-acetyl Cysteine in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome–-A Comparative Study
Authors: Gayatri Kar , Kumar Jena Saubhagya , Kumar Behera Basanta 
Published: October 2017

Objective To compare the effects of Metformin with N-acetyl cysteine in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods A prospective, randomised controlled study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a Medical College and General Hospital. Total 115 cases of polycystic ovarian syndrome presenting with different complaints were selected for the study. Fifty nine cases were treated with Metformin (Group-M) and other 56 with N-acetyl cysteine (Group-N). Primary outcome measures are improvement in clinical features and biochemical profile, where as secondary outcome measures are improvement in hormonal profile and ultrasonographic findings. Statistical analysis was done by Z test and Chi square test. Results From each group, 50 patients were ultimately evaluated. There was significant improvement in some of the clinical features like weight gain, acne and hirsutism in group-N ( P < 0.05), but there was no significant change in other features like oligomenorrhea, amenorrhoea and infertility. The biochemical markers of insulin resistance like fasting insulin, fasting glucose/insulin ratio and HOMA-IR were significantly reduced in group-N. Hormone levels like serum LH, FSH, TT and LH/FSH ratio was significantly decreased in group-N, but FT, FT/TT ratio and SHBG were similar in both the groups. Ultrasonographic findings were similar in both the groups. Conclusion N-acetyl Cysteine had better improvement in clinical, biochemical and hormonal profile than Metformin in PCOS patients. It can be used as a substitute for insulin reducing medications in treatment of PCOS patients, considering its limited adverse effects.
Hybrid technique for the management of thoracoabdominal aortic thrombosis and symptomatic Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus “C” aorto-iliac disease
Authors: Khan Aasim , Vasudevan Thodur 
Published: October 2017

Objective Thrombotic disease of the thoracic and abdominal aorta co-existing with aorto-iliac disease is a rare clinical association, which poses a great therapeutic challenge and adds to the complexity of the open surgical repair. Method We describe a case of 53-year-old woman with symptomatic thrombus in the thoracic and abdominal aorta down to the aortic bifurcation, which was successfully treated by Thoracic EndoVascular Aortic Repair via the left subclavian artery, open thrombectomy and aorto-iliac bypass. Result Completion angiogram performed through the axillary cannula showed good flow in the aorta, visceral vessels and iliac arteries. Conclusion This hybrid technical approach was a safe and effective strategy to tackle diffuse aortic thrombus with minimal morbidity and visceral embolization. Simultaneous aorto bi iliac bypass with thoracic endovascular aortic repair is a viable approach that can be undertaken with lesser morbidity and mortality risk as compared to complex and highly stressful total open surgical repair.
Safety of corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Kaile Emma , Bland Jeremy D.P. 
Published: October 2017

The risks of corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome, principally intraneural injection and tendon rupture, are known only from anecdotal reports. The literature does not allow an accurate estimate of their incidence or that of lesser side effects such as local pain. We have encountered only four serious complications in 9515 injections. We asked patients about possible side effects at routine follow-up, 6 weeks after 689 injections with 40 mg triamcinolone. Possible side effects were reported after 33% of injections. The commonest was short-lived local pain, which occurred in 13% of injected limbs, all cases having resolved within 3 weeks. No cases of intraneural injection or tendon rupture occurred, even after repeated injection. Most adverse effects were transient, but 13 hands exhibited persistent skin depigmentation or subcutaneous atrophy. This data provides the best current estimate of the risks of carpal tunnel injection and may be used to inform patients considering this intervention. Level of evidence: IV
Is suture comparable to wire for cerclage fixation? A biomechanical analysis
Authors: Westberg Scott E. , Acklin Yves P. , Hoxha Siva , Ayranci Cagri , Adeeb Samer , Bouliane Martin 
Published: October 2017

Background Cerclage wire is the current standard for circumferential bone fixation. Advances in technology have improved modern sutures, allowing for expanded utility and broader application. The present study compared the strength and durability of cerclage fixation between modern suture materials and monofilament wire. Methods The Surgeon’s Knot, the Nice Knot and the Modified Nice Knot, were each tied using three separate suture materials: no. 2 FiberWire (Arthrex, Naples, FL, USA), no. 2 Ultrabraid (Smith & Nephew, Andover, MA, USA) and no. 5 Ethibond (Johnson & Johnson, Somerville, NJ, USA). These sutures were compared with monofilament wire. Sutures were secured around a fixed diameter using three additional half hitches, whereas a 1.2-mm (18 gauge) stainless steel monofilament wire was used for comparison. One fellow and one orthopaedic surgery resident each tied five trials with every knot/material combination. Samples were subjected to cyclic loading and quasi-static load testing. Respectively, cyclic displacement over time and load to failure were analyzed. Clinical failure (3 mm of cyclic displacement) and absolute failure (opening of the knot or material failure) were the outcomes of interest. Results During cyclic loading, Ethibond displaced significantly less over time compared to monofilament wire ( p < 0.003), whereas FiberWire showed no significant difference. Ultrabraid also behaved similar to wire, except displacing significantly more than wire only with the Surgeon’s Knot ( p = 0.02). During load to failure, Ethibond and FiberWire failed at significantly greater loads than monofilament wire ( p < 0.001), whereas Ultrabraid performed similar to wire. Knot types did not appear to impact the results. Conclusions High-performance sutures achieve superior results in biomechanical testing under cyclic and quasi-static load compared to monofilament wire, suggesting that they provide an alternative to wire for cerclage fixation with select clinical application. Biomechanical security of suture cerclage is dependent on suture material, although it is not altered significantly by choice of knot. An ex-vivo study with clinical application would further reinforce whether suture cerclage offers a valid alternative to wire cerclage.
Clinical photographic observation of plantar corns and callus associated with a nominal scale classification and inter‐ observer reliability study in a student population
Authors: Tollafield David R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe management of plantar corns and callus has a low cost‐benefit with reduced prioritisation in healthcare. The distinction between types of keratin lesions that forms corns and callus has attracted limited interest. Observation is imperative to improving diagnostic predictions and a number of studies point to some confusion as to how best to achieve this. The use of photographic observation has been proposed to improve our understanding of intractable keratin lesions.MethodsStudents from a podiatry school reviewed photographs where plantar keratin lesions were divided into four nominal groups; light callus (Grade 1), heavy defined callus (Grade 2), concentric keratin plugs (Grade 3) and callus with deeper density changes under the forefoot (Grade 4). A group of ‘experts' assigned from qualified podiatrists validated the observer rated responses by the students.ResultsCohen's weighted statistic (k) was used to measure inter‐observer reliability. First year students (unskilled) performed less well when viewing photographs (k = 0.33) compared to third year students (semi‐skilled, k = 0.62). The experts performed better than students (k = 0.88) providing consistency with wound care models in other studies.ConclusionsImproved clinical annotation of clinical features, supported by classification of keratin‐ based lesions, combined with patient outcome tools, could improve the scientific rationale to prioritise patient care. Problems associated with photographic assessment involves trying to differentiate similar lesions without the benefit of direct palpation. Direct observation of callus with and without debridement requires further investigation alongside the model proposed in this paper.
Disruption of Trim9 function abrogates macrophage motility in vivo
Authors: Tokarz Debra A , Heffelfinger Amy K , Jima Dereje D , Gerlach Jamie , Shah Radhika N , Rodriguez-Nunez Ivan , Kortum Amanda N , Fletcher Ashley A , Nordone Shila K , Law J McHugh , Heber Steffen , Yoder Jeffrey A 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The vertebrate immune response comprises multiple molecular and cellular components that interface to provide defense against pathogens. Because of the dynamic complexity of the immune system and its interdependent innate and adaptive functionality, an understanding of the whole-organism response to pathogen exposure remains unresolved. Zebrafish larvae provide a unique model for overcoming this obstacle, because larvae are protected against pathogens while lacking a functional adaptive immune system during the first few weeks of life. Zebrafish larvae were exposed to immune agonists for various lengths of time, and a microarray transcriptome analysis was executed. This strategy identified known immune response genes, as well as genes with unknown immune function, including the E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif-9 (Trim9). Although trim9 expression was originally described as “brain specific,” its expression has been reported in stimulated human Mϕs. In this study, we found elevated levels of trim9 transcripts in vivo in zebrafish Mϕs after immune stimulation. Trim9 has been implicated in axonal migration, and we therefore investigated the impact of Trim9 disruption on Mϕ motility and found that Mϕ chemotaxis and cellular architecture are subsequently impaired in vivo. These results demonstrate that Trim9 mediates cellular movement and migration in Mϕs as well as neurons.
Spontaneous PMN apoptosis in type 2 diabetes and the impact of periodontitis
Authors: Manosudprasit Aggasit , Kantarci Alpdogan , Hasturk Hatice , Stephens Danielle , Van Dyke Thomas E 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that peripheral blood neutrophils (PMN) exhibit delayed spontaneous apoptosis in individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and that the delay is exacerbated further among people who coexpress chronic periodontitis (CP). Seventy-three individuals were enrolled, including those with T2DM (n = 16), CP (n = 15), T2DM + CP (n = 21), and healthy volunteers (n = 21). PMN apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry using TUNEL and Annexin V assays. The activity of caspase-3, -8, and -9 was measured by colorimetric assay. PMN surface death receptor quantification was performed by flow cytometry staining with fluorescence-conjugated anti-CD120a (TNFR1) and anti-CD95 [Fas receptor (FasR)] antibody. Analysis of inflammatory markers in serum samples was performed using multiplexed sandwich immunoassays. In healthy volunteers and individuals with T2DM, CP, and T2DM + CP, spontaneous PMN apoptosis observed at 12 h reached 85.3 ± 3.1, 67.3 ± 3.9, 62.9 ± 3.5 and 62.5 ± 5.4%, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). Caspase-3 activity was significantly reduced in individuals with T2DM and T2DM + CP (P &lt; 0.05) when compared with healthy volunteers. Caspase-8 activity was also significantly decreased in CP and T2DM + CP (P &lt; 0.05), associated with reduced cell-surface FasR, TNFRs, and Fas ligand (FasL) serum levels. Glucose alone was not observed to impact PMN apoptosis; simultaneous incubation with the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) agonist S100B induced significant PMN apoptosis (P &lt; 0.05). These data support the premise that the inhibition of PMN apoptosis in individuals with T2DM occurs through an advanced glycation endproducts/RAGE ligand/receptor-mediated interaction.
Nivolumab Versus Docetaxel in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Two-Year Outcomes From Two Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Trials (CheckMate 017 and CheckMate 057)
Authors: Horn Leora , Spigel David R. , Vokes Everett E. , Holgado Esther , Ready Neal , Steins Martin , Poddubskaya Elena , Borghaei Hossein , Felip Enriqueta , Paz-Ares Luis , Pluzanski Adam , Reckamp Karen L. , Burgio Marco A. , Kohlhäeufl Martin , Waterhouse David , Barlesi Fabrice , Antonia Scott , Arrieta Oscar , Fayette Jérôme , Crinò Lucio , Rizvi Naiyer , Reck Martin , Hellmann Matthew D. , Geese William J. , Li Ang , Blackwood-Chirchir Anne , Healey Diane , Brahmer Julie , Eberhardt Wilfried E.E. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose Nivolumab, a programmed death-1 inhibitor, prolonged overall survival compared with docetaxel in two independent phase III studies in previously treated patients with advanced squamous (CheckMate 017; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01642004) or nonsquamous (CheckMate 057; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01673867) non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We report updated results, including a pooled analysis of the two studies. Methods Patients with stage IIIB/IV squamous (N = 272) or nonsquamous (N = 582) NSCLC and disease progression during or after prior platinum-based chemotherapy were randomly assigned 1:1 to nivolumab (3 mg/kg every 2 weeks) or docetaxel (75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks). Minimum follow-up for survival was 24.2 months. Results Two-year overall survival rates with nivolumab versus docetaxel were 23% (95% CI, 16% to 30%) versus 8% (95% CI, 4% to 13%) in squamous NSCLC and 29% (95% CI, 24% to 34%) versus 16% (95% CI, 12% to 20%) in nonsquamous NSCLC; relative reductions in the risk of death with nivolumab versus docetaxel remained similar to those reported in the primary analyses. Durable responses were observed with nivolumab; 10 (37%) of 27 confirmed responders with squamous NSCLC and 19 (34%) of 56 with nonsquamous NSCLC had ongoing responses after 2 years’ minimum follow-up. No patient in either docetaxel group had an ongoing response. In the pooled analysis, the relative reduction in the risk of death with nivolumab versus docetaxel was 28% (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.84), and rates of treatment-related adverse events were lower with nivolumab than with docetaxel (any grade, 68% v 88%; grade 3 to 4, 10% v 55%). Conclusion Nivolumab provides long-term clinical benefit and a favorable tolerability profile compared with docetaxel in previously treated patients with advanced NSCLC.
Feasibility of modified Dixon MRI techniques for hepatic fat quantification in hepatic disorders: validation with MRS and histology
Authors: Kang Bo-kyeong , Kim Mimi , Song Soon-young , Jun Dae won , Jang Kiseok 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To assess the feasibility of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) MRI for estimating hepatic fat fraction with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and histology as references and to investigate intrahepatic fat distribution and variability.

Methods:
Between November 2014 and September 2015, 85 adults (48 males, 47 females) who underwent MRI-PDFF (n = 139), MRS-PDFF (n = 49) and liver biopsy (n = 29) were enrolled in this study. Data were compared using linear regression. MRI-PDFF and standard deviations (variability) and differences between maximum and minimum PDFF (PDFF range) for whole liver, the lobes, and segment levels were calculated for each subject.

Results:
Whole-liver MRI-PDFF showed good correlation with MRS-PDFF (r = 0.961) and histologic degree of hepatic steatosis (σ = 0.809). Hepatic fat fraction is different between lobes and segments. Mean PDFF and mean PDFF range of the right lobe were higher than for the left lobe, whereas variability in the right lobe was lower than in the left lobe.

Conclusion:
MRI-PDFF is an accurate non-invasive method for quantifying hepatic fat for various hepatic disorders, and may be preferable for measuring fat fraction in the right liver for more precise values in longitudinal monitoring, while avoiding FF measurement in the left liver.

Advances in knowledge:
MRI-PDFF provides a non-invasive and accurate quantification of hepatic steatosis in various hepatic disorders. It would be preferable to measure FF in the right liver than in the left liver.
Promoting influenza vaccine for children
Authors: Edwards Angela , Bedford Helen , Campbell Helen , Letley Louise , Paterson Pauline , Pebody Richard , Saliba Vanessa , Yarwood Joanne , Yates Julie 
Published: October 2017

This autumn influenza vaccine will again be offered to all 2- and 3-year-olds in general practice. In addition, all children in clinical risk groups aged 6 months and above should be offered the vaccine. Children in primary school years from reception class to year 4 will also be offered the vaccine as part of the on-going extension of influenza vaccination to healthy children. Since the start of the paediatric programme, transmission of influenza has reduced across all age groups in those parts of the country vaccinating all children of primary school age. Children under 5 years of age have the highest rate of hospital admissions for influenza. However, many parents do not think that influenza is a serious illness and it is the vaccine they are most likely to decline. Health professionals are the most trusted source of advice and information about vaccination, so staff in general practice have a crucial role to play in recommending this vaccine to parents. Health professionals are the most trusted source of advice and information about vaccination, so practice nurses have a crucial role to play in recommending the influenza vaccine to parents and increasing uptake
Key Tasks of Science in Improving Effectiveness of Hard Coal Production in Poland
Authors: Dubiński Józef , Prusek Stanisław , Turek Marian 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The article presents an array of specific issues regarding the employed technology and operational efficiency of mining activities, which could and should become the subject of conducted scientific research. Given the circumstances of strong market competition and increasing requirements concerning environmental conditions, both in terms of conducted mining activities and produced coal quality parameters, it is imperative to develop and implement innovative solutions regarding the employed production technology, the safety of work conducted under the conditions of increasing natural hazards, as well as the mining enterprise management systems that enable its effective functioning. The article content pertains to the last group of issues in the most detailed way, particularly in terms of the possibility for rational conducted operation cost reduction.
The roles of Isis in Roman domestic cults: A study of the “Isis-Fortuna” bronze statuettes from the Vesuvian area 37
Authors: Amoroso Nicolas 
Published: October 2017

Abstract Among the material evidence related to the Isiac cults, the so-called “Isis- Fortuna” bronze statuettes are well attested throughout the Roman world. These objects were mainly discovered in domestic contexts with other divine figurines. Based on a survey of the archaeological and iconographic evidence for “Isis-Fortuna” from the Vesuvian area, this paper aims at examining the contexts of production and the geographical distribution of the bronze statuettes. In view of the information already published, we need to provide new answers by analysing how these images were created, transformed and/or adapted in specific contexts or geographical areas. Insofar as the images of Isis were commonly combined with elements borrowed from other deities, the iconographic type of “Isis-Fortuna” raises serious questions about terminology, typology and the so-called “syncretic phenomenon”. These questions will be discussed in the light of the preliminary results of our research, trying to frame the historico-religious background that conditioned the role(s) of Isis in Roman domestic cults.
Toxicity of selenium, application of selenium in fertilizers, selenium treatment of seeds, and selenium in edible parts of plants
Authors: Garousi F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAgronomic biofortification is one of the approaches which have been successfully adopted for improving the nutritional content of plant-based foods and is mainly focused on optimizing the application of mineral fertilizers and/or the improvement of the solubilization and mobilization of mineral elements in the soil. In general, mineral elements with a good dynamism in the soil and in the plant are good candidates for a prosperous agronomic biofortification. Selenium deficiency occurs in areas where soil Se is low, including parts of Europe, China, North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Southern Africa. Selenium toxicity occurs in areas where soil Se is naturally high, including areas of China, India, and the United States. Toxicity from naturally occurring Se may be intensified by irrigation of seleniferous soils, mining, and use of Se-rich fossil fuels. Then, management practices benefit from a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of plant Se uptake and the fate of Se in different plant species.