bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non suicidal self injury resulting in dental trauma in an adolescent
Authors: Chandna Preetika , Srivastava Nikhil , Adlakha Vivek Kumar , Panthri Prerna 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackground/AimNon‐suicidal self injury may be a possible etiologic factor for dental trauma in adolescents. The aim of this case report is to present a case of non‐suicidal self injury resulting in dental trauma in a 16 year old adolescent boy.Case reportThis report illustrates a case of non‐suicidal self injury in a 16 year old healthy boy with resultant trauma to the maxillary central incisors and the left lateral incisor (teeth 11, 21, and 22). Three tests were applied; Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence™ (WASI), Inventory of Statements about Self Injury (ISAS), and UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale (UPPS); to assess the patient's intellectual and behavioral functioning. Dental treatment was rendered in the form of composite restorations on teeth 11, 21, and 22.Results and discussionThe patient had a general intelligence quotient (IQ) of 92 (SD = 10.9), verbal score of 86.6 (SD = 14.6), and performance IQ of 93.4 (SD = 23.66) which implied that the intelligence levels were well within the normal range. The patient demonstrated self hitting behavior and predominantly intrapersonal functions of his NSSI on testing with the ISAS scale and elevated urgency scores on the UPPS scale. The total UPPS score was 115.9 and urgency score was 35.9. NSSI was an outlet for negative emotions and to release self directed anger. This resulted in dental trauma to teeth 11, 21, and 22.ConclusionNSSI may be an etiologic or risk factor for dental trauma in intellectually normal adolescents as seen in the present case. Self hitting, intrapersonal factors or self directed factors and impulsivity are more likely to predispose an adolescent toward performance of such behavior.
Journalists' attitudes towards homeopathy: survey data from Germany
Authors: Arendt Florian 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundBy selecting and shaping potential news content, journalists construct mediated realities that in turn can contribute to the public's mental picture of health, including issues related to controversial complementary and alternative medicines such as homeopathy. As previous research has shown, journalists' reporting is influenced by their own attitudes; thus, positive attitudes towards homeopathy may contribute to favourable, uncritical or even enthusiastic reporting.ObjectivesTo investigate how journalists in Germany view homeopathy and whether demographics, organisational factors and attitudes towards conventional medicine influence journalists' attitudes towards homeopathy.MethodWe surveyed journalists in order to investigate their attitudes towards homeopathy, predicted by demographics (i.e. age, gender, education, political leaning), organisational factors (i.e. professional experience, senior position, working on health‐related content) and attitudes towards conventional medicine.ResultsAlthough the ‘average' journalists showed favourable attitudes towards homeopathy, the opinion climate was highly polarised. Women, journalists in senior positions and health journalists showed more positive attitudes towards homeopathy. Attitudes towards conventional medicine were unrelated to attitudes towards homeopathy.ConclusionBecause journalists act as the ‘gatekeepers' of evidence‐based scientific knowledge, targeted scholarly attention on journalists' attitudes is important. A thorough understanding of journalists' attitudes may contribute to a better dissemination of evidence‐based scientific knowledge to the wider public. This may ultimately contribute to better‐informed patients who make their health decisions by considering evidence‐based knowledge instead of widely shared myths.
Coupled FEM–DBEM approach on multiple crack growth in cryogenic magnet system of nuclear fusion experiment ‘Wendelstein 7‐X’
Authors: Citarella R. , Lepore M. , Perrella M. , Fellinger J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAt the Max Planck Institute for plasma physics in Greifswald, Germany, the world's largest nuclear fusion experiment of modular stellarator type Wendelstein 7‐X has started plasma operation. The hot hydrogen plasma is confined in a plasma vessel by an electromagnetic field generated by 50 non‐planar and 20 planar superconducting coils. The superconducting coils are encased in cast stainless steel housings. The coils are bolted onto a central support ring and welded together by so called lateral support elements (LSEs). In this paper, a procedure, based on a global–local finite element method (FEM)–dual boundary element method (DBEM) approach, is developed to simulate the propagation of multiple cracks detected in LSEs and undergoing a fatigue load spectrum. The global stress analysis on the superconducting coils is performed by FEM whereas the sub‐modelling approach is adopted to solve the crack propagation in the DBEM environment. The boundary conditions applied on the DBEM submodel are the displacements calculated by the FEM global analysis, in correspondence of the cut surfaces (there are no body forces nor external loads applied on the submodel volume). Two cracks are simultaneously introduced, and a linear elastic fracture mechanics analysis is performed. Results in terms of cracks growth rates and evolving crack shapes are provided, and the residual life of the component is forecast.
Overexpression of trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 as an independent marker for a poor prognosis and as a potential therapeutic target in epithelial ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Xu Ning , Zhang Zhihong , Zhu Jin , Xu Lu , Li Yuhua , Duan Lei , Mao Yuan , Li Hongxia 
Published: April 2016

SummaryMost patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are diagnosed at an advanced stage, and therapeutic options for these patients are limited. The identification of suitable biomarkers could be helpful for patients with EOC, who might benefit from targeted therapies even in advanced stages of the disease. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is highly expressed in various human malignant tumours; however, this has not been demonstrated clearly in EOC. In this study, we further evaluated whether TROP2 is a promising marker for EOC, and thus also a potential target for EOC immunotherapy. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis were employed to determine TROP2 mRNA and protein expression in both human EOC and normal ovarian cell lines. Additionally, TROP2 protein expression was measured by immunohistochemistry in 128 EOC tissue samples, 21 normal ovarian tissues and 18 normal fallopian tubes. The correlations between TROP2 protein expression and patients' clinicopathological features were investigated, and survival outcomes were analysed. TROP2 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated significantly in EOC cell lines compared with normal cell lines. The protein of TROP2 was expressed in the majority of EOC tissue samples (90.6%) and overexpressed in 75 (58.6%) of the 128 tumour samples. TROP2 overexpression was correlated with relevant clinicopathological characteristics and was associated with significantly shortened overall survival and disease‐free survival. Furthermore, TROP2 was an independent prognostic marker for EOCs as analysed by Cox regression. TROP2 was a potential biomarker for targeted therapy in patients with TROP2‐overexpressing EOC.
Comparison of PTCH1, COX‐2, p53, and Ki‐67 protein expression in basal cell carcinomas of nodular and superficial subtypes arising on the head and trunk
Authors: Khalesi Mohammad , Waterhouse Mary , Whiteman David C. , Johns Richard , Rosendahl Cliff , Hackett Timothy , Pollak Thomas , Kimlin Michael G. , Hacker Elke , Neale Rachel E. ,   the NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Sun and Health (CRESH)
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundThere is some evidence that basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) arising on different anatomic sites and developing to different histological subtypes differ in their pathophysiology. The expression of a number of proteins, including PTCH1, COX‐2, p53, and Ki‐67, is frequently altered in BCC development.ObjectivesThis study sought to determine whether protein expression differs between BCCs at different anatomic sites and of different histological subtypes.MethodsExpression of PTCH1, COX‐2, p53, and Ki‐67 proteins was compared between: (i) BCCs arising on the head (n = 55) and trunk (n = 53), and (ii) nodular (n = 52) and superficial (n = 43) BCCs. The intensity of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining (low, moderate, strong, very strong) for PTCH1 and COX‐2 proteins was measured and the proportions of p53‐ and Ki‐67‐positive cells quantified.ResultsThe proportion of cells expressing Ki‐67 was higher in tumor tissue than in non‐malignant epidermis, whereas the opposite was found for PTCH1. The IHC staining intensity for PTCH1 was substantially greater in truncal BCCs than in BCCs on the head (odds ratio [OR] 3.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63–8.96). The intensity of staining for PTCH1 was greater for superficial than for nodular BCCs (OR 3.70, 95% CI 1.53–8.97), and superficial BCCs showed a higher proportion of Ki‐67‐positive cells (OR 5.57, 95% CI 1.66–18.67).ConclusionsThese differences suggest that the pathophysiology of BCC differs between lesions on the head and trunk and between nodular and superficial subtypes, perhaps indicating differences in their etiology.
Applying a critical approach to investigate barriers to digital inclusion and online social networking among young people with disabilities
Authors: Newman Lareen , Browne‐Yung Kathryn , Raghavendra Parimala , Wood Denise , Grace Emma 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDespite the seeming ubiquity of young people's Internet use, there are still many for whom access to the Internet and online social networking remains inequitable and patterned by disadvantage. The connection between information technology and young people with disabilities is particularly under‐researched. This article contributes to the field of critical information systems research by exposing significant barriers and facilitators to Internet accessibility for young people with disabilities. It uses Bourdieu's critical theory to explore how the unequal distribution of resources shapes processes of digital inclusion for young people with disabilities. It highlights access needs and experiences that are both disability and non‐disability related. The article draws on interviews in South Australia with 18 young people aged 10–18 years with a physical disability (such as cerebral palsy) or acquired brain injury and with 17 of their family members. Interviews evaluated participants' and parents' reflections on the benefits of a home‐based, goal‐oriented intervention to increase the young person's Internet use for social participation purposes. The Bourdieuian analysis demonstrated how varying levels of accrued individual and family offline capital resources are related to digital/online resources and disability‐specific online resources. This revealed how unequal resources of capital can influence technology use and hence digital inclusion for young people with disabilities. Our study demonstrates that young people with particular types of disabilities require intensive, personalised and long‐term support from within and beyond the family to ‘get online’. We conclude that Internet studies need to more frequently adopt critical approaches to investigate the needs of users and barriers to information technology use within sub‐groups, such as young people with disabilities. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Rigenera protocol in the treatment of surgical wound dehiscence
Authors: Marcarelli Marco , Trovato Letizia , Novarese Elvio , Riccio Michele , Graziano Antonio 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe effective management of post‐operative wounds is important to prevent potential complications such as surgical‐site infections and wound dehiscence. The purpose of this study was to treat wound dehiscence in elderly patients who were subjected to orthopaedic surgical interventions. The dehisced wounds were treated with autologous micro‐grafts obtained using a promising CE‐certified medical device called Rigeneracons. This instrument is a biological disruptor of human tissues able to specifically select progenitor cells that, as already reported in previous studies, maintain high cell viability but mainly have a high regenerative potential, allowing the repair of damaged tissues. Autologous micro‐grafts obtained by Rigeneracons are ready to use and can be applied alone or in combination with biological scaffolds directly on the injured area. We observed in our patients a complete remission of dehisced wounds, on average, after 30 days from micro‐grafts application and a total wound re‐epithelialisation after 1 year from the surgical intervention. In conclusion, although we reported only three patients, autologous micro‐grafts can be considered a promising approach for the treatment of dehisced wounds, improving the wound‐healing process and in general the patient's quality of life without using other dressings.
Implementing healthier foodservice guidelines in hospital and federal worksite cafeterias: barriers, facilitators and keys to success
Authors: Jilcott Pitts S. B. , Graham J. , Mojica A. , Stewart L. , Walter M. , Schille C. , McGinty J. , Pearsall M. , Whitt O. , Mihas P. , Bradley A. , Simon C. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundHealthy foodservice guidelines are being implemented in worksites and healthcare facilities to increase access to healthy foods by employees and public populations. However, little is known about the barriers to and facilitators of implementation. The present study aimed to examine barriers to and facilitators of implementation of healthy foodservice guidelines in federal worksite and hospital cafeterias.MethodsUsing a mixed‐methods approach, including a quantitative survey followed by a qualitative, in‐depth interview, we examined: (i) barriers to and facilitators of implementation; (ii) behavioural design strategies used to promote healthier foods and beverages; and (iii) how implementation of healthy foodservice guidelines influenced costs and profitability. We used a purposive sample of five hospital and four federal worksite foodservice operators who recently implemented one of two foodservice guidelines: the United States Department of Health and Human Services/General Services Administration Health and Sustainability Guidelines (‘Guidelines’) in federal worksites or the Partnership for a Healthier America Hospital Healthier Food Initiative (‘Initiative’) in hospitals. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse quantitative survey data. Qualitative data were analysed using a deductive approach.ResultsImplementation facilitators included leadership support, adequate vendor selections and having dietitians assist with implementation. Implementation barriers included inadequate selections from vendors, customer complaints and additional expertise required for menu labelling. Behavioural design strategies used most frequently included icons denoting healthier options, marketing using social media and placement of healthier options in prime locations.ConclusionsLessons learned can guide subsequent steps for future healthy foodservice guideline implementation in similar settings.
Maternal control and early child dysregulation: Moderating roles of ethnicity and child delay status
Authors: Caplan B. , Baker B.L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundMaternal controlling behaviour has been found to influence child development, particularly in behavioural and emotional regulation. Given the higher rates of interfering parent control found in mothers of children with developmental delays (DD) and Latina mothers, their children could be at increased risk for behavioural and emotional dysregulation. While studies generally support this increased risk for children with DD, findings for Latino children are mixed and often attributed to cultural models of child rearing. The present study sought to determine the moderating roles of child DD and mother ethnicity in determining the relationships between two types of parent control (supportive directiveness and interference) and child dysregulation over time.MethodsThe present study, involving 178 3‐year old children with DD (n = 80) or typical development (n = 98), examined observed parent control (directive versus interfering) of Latina and Anglo mothers as it relates to change in preschool child dysregulation over 2 years.ResultsInterfering parent control was greater for children with DD and also for Latino mothers. Supportive directive parenting generally related to relatively greater decline in child behaviour and emotion dysregulation over time, while interfering parenting generally related to less decline in child behaviour dysregulation over time. In Anglo but not Latino families, these relationships tended to vary as a function of child disability.ConclusionsParent directives that support, rather than deter, ongoing child activity may promote positive regulatory development. These results particularly hold for children with DD and Latino families, and have implications for parenting practices and intervention.
Carbon monoxide improves neuronal differentiation and yield by increasing the functioning and number of mitochondria
Authors: Almeida Ana S. , Sonnewald Ursula , Alves Paula M. , Vieira Helena L.A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe process of cell differentiation goes hand‐in‐hand with metabolic adaptations, which are needed to provide energy and new metabolites. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous cytoprotective molecule able to inhibit cell death and improve mitochondrial metabolism. Neuronal differentiation processes were studied using the NT2 cell line, which is derived from human testicular embryonic teratocarcinoma and differentiates into post‐mitotic neurons upon retinoic acid treatment. CO‐releasing molecule A1 (CORM‐A1) was used do deliver CO into cell culture. CO treatment improved NT2 neuronal differentiation and yield, since there were more neurons and the total cell number increased following the differentiation process. CO supplementation enhanced the mitochondrial population in post‐mitotic neurons derived from NT2 cells, as indicated by an increase in mitochondrial DNA. CO treatment during neuronal differentiation increased the extent of the classical metabolic change that occurs during neuronal differentiation, from glycolytic to more oxidative metabolism, by decreasing the ratio of lactate production and glucose consumption. The expression of pyruvate and lactate dehydrogenases was higher, indicating an augmented oxidative metabolism. Moreover, these findings were corroborated by an increased percentage of 13C incorporation from [U‐13C]glucose into the tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites malate and citrate, and also glutamate and aspartate in CO‐treated cells. Finally, under low levels of oxygen (5%), which enhances glycolytic metabolism, some of the enhancing effects of CO on mitochondria were not observed. In conclusion, our data show that CO improves neuronal and mitochondrial yield by stimulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, and thus oxidative metabolism of NT2 cells during the process of neuronal differentiation.
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The process of cell differentiation is coupled with metabolic adaptations. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous cytoprotective gasotransmitter able to prevent cell death and improve mitochondrial metabolism. Herein CO supplementation improved neuronal differentiation yield, by enhancing mitochondrial population and promoting the classical metabolic change that occurs during neuronal differentiation, from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism.
Iatrogenic parasitic leiomyoma and leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata following uterine morcellation
Authors: Lu Bingjian , Xu Jing , Pan Zimin 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimTo assess the impact of morcellation on the spread of uterine leiomyoma.MethodsCases of parasitic leiomyoma involving prior laparoscopy were collected between 2012 and 2015 in a tertiary women's hospital in China. Their clinicopathological features and the associated reports were reviewed.ResultsAll six patients with parasitic leiomyoma had laparoscopic myomectomy or hysterectomy with power morcellation 39–132 months previously. Patient 1 had widely disseminated tumors in the peritoneum and pelvis, in keeping with leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD). She received debulking of peritoneal tumors and lived with disease for 22 months. The implanting sites of the other parasitic tumors (patients 2–6) included the mesentery (n = 2), intestine (n = 1), pelvic parietal (n = 1), bladder (n = 1), and musculus rectus abdominis (n = 1). The diameter varied from 1 cm to 6 cm. The patients underwent abdominal subtotal hysterectomy, cervicectomy or tumor debulking and the postoperative course was unremarkable for a period of 2–32 months. Pathologically, these disseminated or parasitic leiomyomas did not show any evidence of malignancy. There were no morphological or immunohistochemical differences between the original tumor and the following seeding tumors. On literature review, 11 iatrogenic LPD have been reported after laparoscopic surgery for uterine leiomyoma. These cases may provide an alternative pathogenic mechanism for a distinct variant of LPD.ConclusionsLaparoscopic hysterectomy with tumor morcellation may increase the chance of tumor implantation and dissemination. Both clinicians and pathologists should be alert to this rare complication.
Two cases of Wolffian tumor with novel magnetic resonance imaging findings reflecting characteristic pathology
Authors: Sakai Mie , Abiko Kaoru , Matsumura Noriomi , Kondoh Eiji , Yamaguchi Ken , Minamiguchi Sachiko , Kurata Yasuhisa , Kido Aki , Konishi Ikuo 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA Wolffian tumor is a rare tumor arising from the remnants of the mesonephric duct. Herein, we report two cases. A 61‐year‐old woman presented with swollen left adnexa. On T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a 4.4 cm solid pelvic mass showed slightly high signal intensity, with a low‐signal‐intensity rim. Microscopically, cuboidal cells with bland nuclei were arranged in a dense tubular form.A 40‐year‐old woman complained of lower abdominal pain. On T2 weighted MRI, a 6.0 cm solid mass with a low‐signal‐intensity rim was found. The pathology of the resected tumor was similar to that of case 1.Both cases were diagnosed as Wolffian tumor. The rims of the tumors in both cases were composed of eosinophilic spindle‐shaped cells immunoreactive to alpha‐smooth muscle actin and desmin, identical to the smooth muscle cells surrounding the mesonephric duct remnants. MRI findings reflecting smooth muscle rims might contribute to an accurate preoperative diagnosis of this rare tumor.
Dynamic Capabilities and Organizational Performance: A Meta‐Analytic Evaluation and Extension
Authors: Fainshmidt Stav , Pezeshkan Amir , Lance Frazier M. , Nair Anil , Markowski Edward 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe move the dynamic capabilities view (DCV) forward in two important ways by meta‐analysing prior empirical studies. First, we evaluate the two core theoretical tenets of the DCV: (1) Dynamic capabilities are positively related to performance, and (2) this relationship is stronger in industries with higher levels of technological dynamism. We find support for the former (rc = 0.296) but not for the latter, though results suggest the existence of moderators. Second, we theorize and demonstrate empirically that higher‐order dynamic capabilities are more strongly related to performance than lower‐order dynamic capabilities, lower‐order dynamic capabilities partially mediate the relationship between higher‐order dynamic capabilities and performance, and dynamic capabilities contribute more to performance in developing economies than in developed economies. These findings illustrate how the nature of the dynamic capability and the economic context in which it is utilized shape its value, thus offering a more nuanced conceptualization of the dynamic capabilities‐performance relationship.