bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salvajes, bárbaros y brutos. De la Grecia clásica al México contemporáneo
Authors: Muñoz Morán Óscar 
Published: January 2018

La idea del otro ligada a la del salvaje ha sido desde la antigüedad una obsesión de las diferentes culturas. Su definición ha abarcado desde las descripciones fantásticas de monstruos y seres infrahumanos, hasta la de territorios en los que se ubicaban. Desiertos, selvas, altas montañas o, simplemente, las últimas tierras conocidas durante la Edad Media, eran los lugares del extraño. Con el ejemplo de Latinoamérica en general y México en particular, la relación existente entre esos seres llamados "salvajes", "bárbaros" o "brutos" y el espacio que habitaban.
Tras las huellas de Palenque: las primeras exploraciones
Authors: Díaz Perera Miguel Ángel 
Published: January 2018

Con el descubrimiento de Palenque en el siglo XVIII iniciaron prácticas que darían lógica a las indagaciones en el pasado prehispánico mexicano. Prácticas insertas en tráficos transcontinentales de conocimiento, pues exploraciones incitadas por la Real Audiencia de Guatemala fueron proseguidas por la Société de Géographie de París. En ambas tentativas los enviados debieron contestar instrucciones previamente redactadas donde se les solicitaba acopio de monumentos, excavaciones, mapas, dibujos y entrevistas.
La disolución de la primera persona en el cine. Tres películas
Authors: Olvera Romero Caleb 
Published: January 2018

En el artículo se trata la relación entre la construcción de la identidad y las estructuras narrativas. Se expone la crítica a esta estructura que han elaborado dos directores de cine contemporáneos, Lynch y Cronenberg, ambos con propuestas visuales que pretenden desestructurar la identidad a través de desestructurar la narración. Resultado de esto son Lost Highway, Mulholland Drive y Spider, tres películas contadas desde sujetos desestructurados y que presentan las alteraciones en la identidad por la pérdida de la narración.
Morfogénesis in vitro de Mammillaria plumosa Weber
Authors: Téllez-Román Janeth , López-Peralta María Cristina Guadalupe , Hernández-Meneses Eleodoro , Estrada Luna Andrés Adolfo , Zavaleta Mancera Hilda Araceli , Livera Muñoz Manuel 
Published: January 2018

Mammillaria plumosa es una cactácea mexicana altamente apreciada como planta ornamental por su peculiar morfología. La extracción desmedida y el saqueo de sus poblaciones silvestres han forzado su protección y actualmente se encuentra clasificada como una especie en peligro de extinción. Ante esta crítica situación el presente trabajo se planteó como objetivo desarrollar un sistema de propagación in vitro eficiente factible de implementarse como una de las estrategias para la recuperación de la especie. Segmentos de tallos con aréolas se sembraron en medio MS (1962), suplementado con 2,4-D (9, 13.5 y 18 μM) en combinación con cinetina (4.6, 9.3 y 13.9 μM). Todos los tratamientos evaluados indujeron la formación de callos pero la activación de las aréolas para su conversión en brotes solo se obtuvo con 18 μM de 2,4-D y 9.3 μM de cinetina. En la etapa de proliferación los callos continuaron su crecimiento en las mismas concentraciones de reguladores de crecimiento, la diferenciación de brotes se produjo a partir de la activación areolar y la diferenciación de brotes adventicios de novo. Los brotes formaron raíces de forma natural en el proceso pero el enraizamiento se mejoró con el cultivo en medio MS (1962) a la mitad de concentración de sales. En la aclimatación de plantas la tasa de supervivencia fue 85% en sustrato de turba y arena de río. Con este protocolo es posible establecer la micropropagación de Mammillaria plumosa donde se pueden regenerar un promedio 500 plantas en 24 semanas de cultivo, las cuales podrían servir en la restauración de poblaciones silvestres o para su aprovechamiento comercial.
Medio de cultivo y sustitutos del agar en el crecimiento in vitro de orquídeas
Authors: Flores Hernández Luis Antonio , Robledo-Paz Alejandrina , Jimarez-Montiel María Josefina 
Published: January 2018

El cultivo in vitro es una técnica que ha permitido la propagación de distintas especies de orquídeas, pero el lento crecimiento de este grupo de plantas, así como el costo de las sales minerales y del agente gelificante (agar) empleados en los medios de cultivo, pueden limitar su aplicación. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer el efecto de la composición del medio de cultivo y el uso de sustratos como sustitutos del agar en el crecimiento in vitro de Laelia anceps Lindl. y Epidendrum sp. Brotes adventicios de ambas especies se cultivaron in vitro en distintas mezclas de sustratos (perlita, tezontle y fibra de coco) y agar con diferentes concentraciones de las sales basales de Murashige y Skoog (50 y 100%) y ácido giberélico (AG3) (0 y 1 mg L-1) para evaluar su longitud, número de hojas, número de raíces y peso fresco en un diseño experimental con tres factores y 15 repeticiones, cada repetición consistio en un frasco con 5 brotes adventicios. El comportamiento in vitro estuvo en función del genotipo; L. anceps Lindl. respondió mejor que Epidendrum sp. Los brotes crecidos sobre perlita-tezontle o fibra de coco-tezontle, y medios con sales al 50% y AG3 no mostraron diferencias significativas en cuanto a su longitud, número de hojas, número de raíces y peso fresco, con respecto a aquellos que lo hicieron en agar, sales al 100% y sin AG3. Los medios de cultivo con sales diluidas sin AG3 y sustratos como sustitutos del agar, permitieron el crecimiento in vitro de las plantas de L. anceps Lindl. y Epidendrum sp. con una reducción significativa del 60 % de los costos.
Tiempo, historia y política
Authors: Rabotnikof Nora 
Published: January 2018

En este artículo se analiza el uso del término “presentismo” como diagnóstico de época, como se formula en la teoría de la historia. También se discute su aplicación en el campo político a partir de: a) el cambio conceptual que surge de la transformación de las expectativas en experiencias; b) la reformulación de la idea misma de experiencia política, y c) la crisis de la idea de proyecto político. Las conclusiones tentativas apuntan al alcance y significado del presentismo como diagnóstico de época.
Aproximación Teórica Sustentada en la Autopoiésis para Optimizar la Funcionalidad de la Gerencia en las Escuelas Bolivarianas
Authors: Garfides González Sonia Elena 
Published: January 2018

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito construir una aproximación teórica sustentada en la autopoiésis para optimizar la funcionalidad de la gerencia en las escuelas bolivarianas. Para desarrollar la investigación aborde la realidad mediante un paradigma cualitativo mediante los métodos fenomenológico y hermenéutico. Considere finalmente que los gerentes de las escuelas bolivarianas para lograr la autopoiésis necesitan una aptitud creativa para unirse con su personal la cual amerita el amor, la comunicación efectiva y una praxis concreta comprometidos con una aptitud ética, con la aceptación del otro contra uno con sus virtudes y diferencias en la convivencia incitando la toma de decisiones en consenso mediante la planificación integrada, para lograr la socialización, integración y equilibrio sistémico materializando el pensamiento complejo para imbuir la autopoiésis en el avance y consolidación de los cambios organizacionales en la aplicabilidad de las funciones gerenciales administrativas, pedagógicas y comunitarias en las escuelas bolivarianas.
DERIVING INHERENT OPTICAL PROPERTIES FROM MERIS IMAGERY AND IN SITU MEASUREMENT USING QUASI-ANALYTICAL ALGORITHM
Authors: Ambarwulan Wiwin , Widiatmaka - , Budhiman Syarif 
Published: January 2018

The paper describes inherent optical properties (IOP) of the Berau coastal waters derived from in situ measurements and Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) satellite data. Field measurements of optical water, total suspended matter (TSM), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations were carried out during the dry season of 2007. During this periode, only four MERISdata were coincided with in situ measurements on 31 August 2007. The MERIS top-of-atmosphere radiances were atmospherically corrected using the MODTRAN radiative transfer model. The in situ optical measurement have been processed into apparent optical properties (AOP) and sub surface irradiance. The remote sensing reflectance of in situ measurement as well as MERIS data were inverted into the IOP using quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA). The result indicated that coefficient of determination (R 2) of backscattering coefficients of suspended particles (bbp) increased with increasing wavelength, however the R2 of absorption spectra of phytoplankton (aph) decreased with increasing wavelength.
In vivo Depiction of α7 Nicotinic Receptor Loss for Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Nakaizumi Kyoko , Ouchi Yasuomi , Terada Tatsuhiro , Yoshikawa Etsuji , Kakimoto Akihiro , Isobe Takashi , Bunai Tomoyasu , Yokokura Masamichi , Suzuki Katsuaki , Magata Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2018

Background: The α7 subtype of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is considered important in higher cognitive functions, and cholinergic loss underpins the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the relationships between α7 nAChR function and clinical functions or amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition remain to be explored in the living AD brain. Objective: We aimed to elucidate the relationship between α7 nAChR availability in the specific cholinergic region and cognitive decline in the Aβ-confirmed AD brain. Methods: Twenty AD patients and ten age-matched healthy subjects were examined. The α7-nAChR availability and Aβ deposition were evaluated using positron emission tomography with an α7 nAChR radiotracer 11C-( R)-MeQAA and 11C-Pittsburg compound B (11C-PiB), respectively. Semi-quantified values of tracer binding were estimated with a simplified reference tissue method for BPND of 11C-( R)-MeQAA and a tissue ratio method for SUVR of 11C-PiB. These parameters and clinical scores were compared voxel-wise using a statistical parametric mapping method. Results: The levels of 11C-( R)-MeQAA BPND in the temporal and prefrontal cholinergic projection regions were significantly lower in AD, and negative correlations were found between 11C-PiB SUVR and 11C-( R)-MeQAA BPND in the region of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis and medial prefrontal cortex. Levels of 11C-( R)-MeQAA BPND were significantly correlated with memory and frontal function scores in AD. Conclusion: The association between Aβ burden and α7-nAChR reduction in the basal forebrain cholinergic system was highlighted in relation to cognitive decline in AD. This suggests that Aβ-linked α7-nAChR reduction is clinico-pathophyisologically important for considering a good therapeutic target in AD.
Characteristics of Cognitively Normal Mexican-Americans with Cognitive Complaints
Authors: Hall James R. , Wiechmann April , Johnson Leigh A. , Edwards Melissa , O’Bryant Sid E. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Subjective cognitive complaints in cognitively normal adults have been linked to later cognitive decline and dementia. Research on the characteristics of this group has been conducted on a variety of clinical and community-based populations. The current study focuses on the rapidly expanding population of Mexican-American elders. Objective: The objective of the study is the determination of characteristics of cognitively normal Mexican-Americans with cognitive complaints. Methods: Data on 319 cognitively normal participants in a large-scale community-based study of elderly Mexican-Americans (HABLE) were analyzed comparing those with cognitive complaints with those without on clinical characteristics, affective status, neuropsychological functioning, and proteomic markers. Results: Those expressing concern about cognitive decline scored lower on the MMSE, were more likely to have significantly more affective symptoms, higher levels of diabetic markers, poorer performance on attention and executive functioning, and a different pattern of inflammatory markers. Conclusion: Although longitudinal research is needed to determine the impact of these differences on later cognition, possible targets for early intervention with Mexican-Americans were identified.
Early Soft X-Ray to UV Emission from Double Neutron Star Mergers: Implications from the Long-term Observations of GW170817
Authors: Wang Xiang-Yu , Huang Zhi-Qiu 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Recent long-term radio follow-up observations of GW170817 reveal a simple power-law rising light curve, with a slope of

, up to 93 days after the merger. The latest X-ray detection at 109 days is also consistent with such a temporal slope. Such a shallow rise behavior requires a mildly relativistic outflow with a steep velocity gradient profile, so that slower material with larger energy catches up with the decelerating ejecta and re-energizes it. It has been suggested that this mildly relativistic outflow may represent a cocoon of material. We suggest that the velocity gradient profile may form during the stage that the cocoon is breaking out of the merger ejecta, resulting from shock propagation down a density gradient. The cooling of the hot relativistic cocoon material immediately after it breaks out should have produced soft X-ray to UV radiation at tens of seconds to hours after the merger. The soft X-ray emission has a luminosity of

over a period of tens of seconds for a merger event like GW170817. The UV emission shows a rise initially and peaks at about a few hours with a luminosity of

. The soft X-ray transients could be detected by future wide-angle X-ray detectors, such as the Chinese mission Einstein Probe. This soft X-ray/UV emission would serve as one of the earliest electromagnetic counterparts of gravitation waves from double neutron star mergers and could provide the earliest localization of the sources.
The Orbit of GW170817 Was Inclined by Less Than 28° to the Line of Sight
Authors: Mandel Ilya 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We combine the gravitational-wave measurement of the effective distance to the binary neutron star merger GW170817, the redshift of its host galaxy NGC 4993, and the latest Hubble constant measurement from the Dark Energy Survey to constrain the inclination between the orbital angular momentum of the binary and the line of sight to 18° ± 8° (less than 28° at 90% confidence). This provides a complementary constraint on models of potential afterglow observations.
VLBI Imaging of M81* at λ = 3.4 mm with Source-frequency Phase-referencing
Authors: Jiang 江 Wu 悟 , Shen 沈志 Zhiqiang 强 , Jiang 蒋栋 Dongrong 荣 , Martí-Vidal Ivan , Kawaguchi Noriyuki 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We report on the first VLBI image of the M81 nucleus (M81*) at a wavelength of 3.4 mm, obtained with the source-frequency phase-referencing (SFPR) technique. Thanks to the SFPR calibration, the coherent integration time eventually could be increased by more than an order of magnitude, which enabled the detection of fringes at the level of 45 mJy beam−1 with a dynamic range higher than 130:1. This paves the way toward future millimeter/submillimeter VLBI observations of weaker sources. From the analysis of the M81* visibilities, a core size of ∼50 μas at 3.4 mm was estimated. This follows the power-law relationship with wavelength,

, reported previously at lower frequencies. These results constrain the core size (at 3.4 mm) to a minimum of ∼80 Schwarzschild radii of M81*.
Intralesional Bleomycin in the Treatment of Common Warts
Authors: Unni Mahesh , Tapare Vaibhav 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Warts are one of the most common benign growths in the dermatological outpatient department but are many times tough to treat as they are chronic, resistant, and relapsing to available treatment. A variety of therapeutic modalities have been used with varying degree of success. However, till date, no therapeutic modality had been fully successful.

Aim and Objectives:
The present study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of intralesional (IL) bleomycin injection in common warts.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 50 patients of common warts were enrolled in this evaluator blinded randomized placebo-controlled study. Group A consists of patients to be treated with IL bleomycin, and Group B consists of patients to be treated with IL normal saline. A total of 25 patients were enrolled in each group. Patients of both groups were asked to follow-up after 4 weeks for maximum of 4 times, i.e. at 8 weeks, 12 weeks, at the end of 6 months as a final visit, and assessed clinically every time.

Results:
Out of 87 wart lesions in Group A patients, 81 (93.10%) showed a complete resolution. A progressive clearance of the warts was seen, after the first injection (64%) and second injection (36%), only 6 warty growths (7%) were nonresponders to treatment. However, in Group B, only 4 (5%) showed disappearance within 12 weeks and even after 6 months of follow-up (P < 0.05 by × 2 analysis and risk ratio = 7.67).

Conclusion:
IL bleomycin injection was significantly safer and effective, with better patient acceptance in treating common warts.
Corneal Cross-linking in Combination with Intracorneal Ring Segments
Authors: Kiliç Aylin 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
The goal of ring segment surgery is to reduce the degree of myopia and astigmatism, improving uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity. The crosslinking is a procedure used for stabilizing the cornea in patients with progressive keratoconus. Corneal crosslinking surgery and combination of an intracorneal ring segments seems to be as effective for corneal stability and refractive improvement in keratoconic eyes.

How to cite this article
Kiliç A. Corneal Cross-linking in Combination with Intracorneal Ring Segments. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2017;6(2):92-96.
Monitoring glacier albedo as a proxy to derive summer and annual surface mass balances from optical remote-sensing data
Authors: Davaze Lucas , Rabatel Antoine , Arnaud Yves , Sirguey Pascal , Six Delphine , Letreguilly Anne , Dumont Marie 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Less than 0.25 % of the 250 000 glaciers inventoried in the Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI V.5) are currently monitored with in situ measurements of surface mass balance. Increasing this archive is very challenging, especially using time-consuming methods based on in situ measurements, and complementary methods are required to quantify the surface mass balance of unmonitored glaciers. The current study relies on the so-called albedo method, based on the analysis of albedo maps retrieved from optical satellite imagery acquired since 2000 by the MODIS sensor, on board the TERRA satellite. Recent studies revealed substantial relationships between summer minimum glacier-wide surface albedo and annual surface mass balance, because this minimum surface albedo is directly related to the accumulation–area ratio and the equilibrium-line altitude. On the basis of 30 glaciers located in the French Alps where annual surface mass balance data are available, our study conducted on the period 2000–2015 confirms the robustness and reliability of the relationship between the summer minimum surface albedo and the annual surface mass balance. For the ablation season, the integrated summer surface albedo is significantly correlated with the summer surface mass balance of the six glaciers seasonally monitored. These results are promising to monitor both annual and summer glacier-wide surface mass balances of individual glaciers at a regional scale using optical satellite images. A sensitivity study on the computed cloud masks revealed a high confidence in the retrieved albedo maps, restricting the number of omission errors. Albedo retrieval artifacts have been detected for topographically incised glaciers, highlighting limitations in the shadow correction algorithm, although inter-annual comparisons are not affected by systematic errors.
2017/40 The right of trade unions acting on a territorial level to represent employees and take part in the information and consultation procedures in the workplace (LI)
Authors: Petrylaite Vida 
Published: January 2018

2017/40 The right of trade unions acting on a territorial level to represent employees and take part in the information and consultation procedures in the workplace (LI)
The Lithuanian Supreme Court ruled that a trade union acting on a territorial level has no right to represent all the employees in a single enterprise or participate in information and consultation procedures, if (i) the majority of the employees have not specifically accorded this function to the trade union or (ii) the trade union is not able to prove that a structural sub-unit has been established in that enterprise.
2017/44 Dismissal based on the ‘Bradford factor’ does not necessarily constitute discrimination (BE)
Authors: Busschaert Gautier 
Published: January 2018

2017/44 Dismissal based on the ‘Bradford factor’ does not necessarily constitute discrimination (BE)
On 10 January 2017, the Labour Court of Mons ruled that in the case of a collective dismissal, an employer may use absenteeism measured by the Bradford factor as a criterion for selecting employees for redundancy, without breaching anti-discrimination law.
2017/45 No overtime premiums under collective bargaining agreements for individually agreed part-time employment (GE)
Authors: Schreiner Paul 
Published: January 2018

2017/45 No overtime premiums under collective bargaining agreements for individually agreed part-time employment (GE)
A clause in a collective bargaining agreement stipulating that overtime premiums for part time employees are only payable if their monthly working hours exceed those of a full-time employee is not discriminatory.
2017/49 Employer’s obligation to offer work and provide training at the end of fixed-term employment contract (FI)
Authors: Swanljung Kaj , Nurminen Janne 
Published: January 2018

Employer’s obligation to offer work and provide training at the end of fixed-term employment contract (FI)
The Supreme Court of Finland has ruled that an employer had legitimate grounds to make 16 consecutive fixed-term employment contracts with an employee who did not hold the degree required by law for permanent employment as a social worker. However, the employer had neglected its obligation to offer work and provide training for the employee and was obliged to pay compensation for unjustified termination of the employment relationship.
2017/51 A closer look at punitive sanctions law and the freedom of service provision (NL)
Authors: Maes Bart J. 
Published: January 2018

2017/51 A closer look at punitive sanctions law and the freedom of service provision (NL)
The highest administrative court in the Netherlands has delivered a razor-sharp ruling on the intra-community service provision set out in Articles 56 and 57 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union). This concerns ‘new’ EU-nationals who are still under transitional measures with regard to access to the labour markets of ‘old’ EU Member States. The judgment was preceded by a request from the Chairman to a State Councillor Advocate General to deliver his opinion on various aspects of punitive administrative law practice in the Netherlands. Both the opinion and the judgment are a welcome clarification and addition (or even correction) on the practice.