bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SALVAGING RECURRING THEMES OF HISTORICAL MEMORY IN THE COHUIXCA PROVINCE OF TEPECOACUILCO (COHUIXCATLACAPAN), GUERRERO, MEXICO, 1460 TO 1580
Authors: Megged Amos 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article aims to fill in some of the lacunae that still exist regarding the Cohuixca ethnicity of the northeastern part of the State of Guerrero. To do so, it introduces a qualitative methodological approach into ethnohistory, which discerns pervasive patterns of special understanding that guided indigenous testimony in the colonial Spanish courtroom. It emphasizes that early colonial Cohuixca testimonies were deeply influenced by what are called, in Western terms, cadastral maps or cartographic histories or, in Nahuatl,amoxtli tlalamatl altepeamatl(“land papers,” titles of each town and district) in the former Cohuixca province of Tepecoacuilco (Cohuixcatlacapan), these geographical elements being heavily reinforced by oral retelling. Therefore, in order to establish a seemingly coherent plot of the past that would overcome fragmentation and chaos, the indigenous witnesses appearing in our sources relied heavily on unique visual schemata that assisted them in assembling the mental shreds and remnants of past experiences to restore them within the traditional framework and formulae of information transmission only modestly affected by the Spanish conquest.
Gastrointestinal haemorrhage due to lymphangiectasia caused by protein-losing enteropathy in the Fontan circulation
Authors: Gras Pauline , Gottrand Frédéric , Godart François 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe report the case of a 14-year-old boy with severe protein-losing enteropathy after Fontan surgery that led to lymphangiectasia, which caused gastrointestinal haemorrhage and required invasive treatment to stop the bleeding. Through this case and a review of the literature on protein-losing enteropathy after Fontan surgery, we highlight a rare and serious presentation of the disease and the difficulties of diagnosis and management.
Influence of weight at the time of first palliation on survival in patients with a single ventricle
Authors: Surendran Sushitha , Kumar T. K. Susheel , Tansey Ben , Allen Jerry , Zurakowski David , Boston Umar , Shah Samir H. , Knott-Craig Christopher J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundNumerous advances in surgical techniques and understanding of single-ventricle physiology have resulted in improved survival. We sought to determine the influence of various demographic, perioperative, and patient-specific factors on the survival of single-ventricle patients following stage 1 palliation at our institution.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of all single-ventricle patients who had undergone staged palliation at our institution over an 8-year period. Data were collected from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery database and from patient charts. Information on age, weight at stage 1 palliation, prematurity, genetic abnormalities, non-cardiac anomalies, ventricular dominance, and type of palliation was collected. Information on mortality and unplanned reinterventions was also collected.ResultsA total of 72 patients underwent stage 1 palliation over an 8-year period. There were 12 deaths before and one death after stage 2 palliation. There was no hospital mortality following Glenn or Fontan procedures. On univariate analysis, low weight at the time of stage 1 palliation and prematurity were found to be risk factors for mortality following stage 1 palliation. However, multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed weight at stage 1 palliation to be a strong predictor of mortality. The type of stage 1 palliation did not have any influence on the outcome. No difference in survival was noted following the Glenn procedure.ConclusionLow weight has a deleterious impact on survival following stage 1 palliation. This is mitigated by stage 2 palliation. The type of stage 1 palliation itself has no bearing on the outcome.
Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right pulmonary artery in a univentricular heart
Authors: Binsalamah Ziyad M. , Lara Diego A. , McKenzie Emmett D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAnomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right pulmonary artery in single ventricles is a very rare congenital anomaly. Failure to recognise it preoperatively may lead to adverse outcomes, including death. We report the case of a neonate with a univentricular heart in the form of a double-outlet right ventricle, mitral atresia with discrete coarctation of the aorta, and an incidental intraoperative finding of an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right pulmonary artery. The patient underwent a successful repair with an uneventful postoperative course.
Latent Cognitive Phenotypes in De Novo Parkinson’s Disease: A Person-Centered Approach
Authors: LaBelle Denise R. , Walsh Ryan R. , Banks Sarah J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectives: Cognitive impairment is an important aspect of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but there is considerable heterogeneity in its presentation. This investigation aims to identify and characterize latent cognitive phenotypes in early PD. Methods: Latent class analysis, a data-driven, person-centered, cluster analysis was performed on cognitive data from the Parkinson’s Progressive Markers Initiative baseline visit. This analytic method facilitates identification of naturally occurring endophenotypes. Resulting classes were compared across biomarker, symptom, and demographic data. Results: Six cognitive phenotypes were identified. Three demonstrated consistent performance across indicators, representing poor (“Weak-Overall”), average (“Typical-Overall”), and strong (“Strong-Overall”) cognition. The remaining classes demonstrated unique patterns of cognition, characterized by “Strong-Memory,” “Weak-Visuospatial,” and “Amnestic” profiles. The Amnestic class evidenced greater tremor severity and anosmia, but was unassociated with biomarkers linked with Alzheimer’s disease. The Weak-Overall class was older and reported more non-motor features associated with cognitive decline, including anxiety, depression, autonomic dysfunction, anosmia, and REM sleep behaviors. The Strong-Overall class was younger, more female, and reported less dysautonomia and anosmia. Classes were unrelated to disease duration, functional independence, or available biomarkers. Conclusions: Latent cognitive phenotypes with focal patterns of impairment were observed in recently diagnosed individuals with PD. Cognitive profiles were found to be independent of traditional biomarkers and motoric indices of disease progression. Only globally impaired class was associated with previously reported indicators of cognitive decline, suggesting this group may drive the effects reported in studies using variable-based analysis. Longitudinal and neuroanatomical characterization of classes will yield further insight into the evolution of cognitive change in the disease. (JINS, 2017, 23, 551–563)
Occurrence of Euwallacea sp. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and its ambrosia fungus Cunninghamella echinulata on Ricinus communis in Coffea canephora gardens in Uganda
Authors: Egonyu James Peter , Mukasa Yosia , Ekwaru Robert , Ogari Isaac , Ahumuza Gladys 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEuwallaceaspp. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) are polyphagous globally distributed invasive ambrosia beetles. One of the species was recently detected attackingRicinus communisgrowing inCoffea canephoragardens in Uganda. This study was undertaken to: (a) determine the distribution, incidence, and relative abundance ofEuwallaceasp. onR. communisin Uganda; (b) determine the influence of the presence ofC. canephoraon the incidence and abundance ofEuwallaceasp. onR. communis; and (c) identify ambrosia fungus ofEuwallaceasp. onR. communis.FiveC. canephorafarms withR. communisand five others withR. communisbut withoutC. canephorawere sampled in each of the six districts surveyed. Incidence ofEuwallaceasp. onR. communiswas measured, by inspecting the host trees in each farm for the presence or absence of the pest. Abundance ofEuwallaceasp. onR. communiswas estimated, by counting holes ofEuwallaceasp. at the lower 1.7 m ofR. communisstems. A fungus was isolated from galleries ofEuwallaceasp. onR. communisand identified. Results show thatEuwallaceasp. was present onR. communisin all districts surveyed, with 30–70% of the farms infested in each district and 5–28 holes ofEuwallaceasp. found on each sampled stem ofR. communis. Coffea canephoraappeared to facilitate the infestation ofR. communisbyEuwallaceasp., although it did not seem to influence the multiplication of the insect inside the host.Cunninghamella echinulataappeared to be the ambrosia fungus associated withEuwallaceasp. Therefore,Euwallaceasp. is a threat to many economically important plants in Uganda that are known to be hosts of this pest.
Aging affects the balance of neural entrainment and top-down neural modulation in the listening brain
Authors: Henry Molly J. , Herrmann Björn , Kunke Dunja , Obleser Jonas 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHealthy aging is accompanied by listening difficulties, including decreased speech comprehension, that stem from an ill-understood combination of sensory and cognitive changes. Here, we use electroencephalography to demonstrate that auditory neural oscillations of older adults entrain less firmly and less flexibly to speech-paced (∼3 Hz) rhythms than younger adults’ during attentive listening. These neural entrainment effects are distinct in magnitude and origin from the neural response to soundper se. Non-entrained parieto-occipital alpha (8–12 Hz) oscillations are enhanced in young adults, but suppressed in older participants, during attentive listening. Entrained neural phase and task-induced alpha amplitude exert opposite, complementary effects on listening performance: higher alpha amplitude is associated with reduced entrainment-driven behavioural performance modulation. Thus, alpha amplitude as a task-driven, neuro-modulatory signal can counteract the behavioural corollaries of neural entrainment. Balancing these two neural strategies may present new paths for intervention in age-related listening difficulties.
Phosphate steering by Flap Endonuclease 1 promotes 5′-flap specificity and incision to prevent genome instability
Authors: Tsutakawa Susan E. , Thompson Mark J. , Arvai Andrew S. , Neil Alexander J. , Shaw Steven J. , Algasaier Sana I. , Kim Jane C. , Finger L. David , Jardine Emma , Gotham Victoria J.B. , Sarker Altaf H. , Her Mai Z. , Rashid Fahad , Hamdan Samir M. , Mirkin Sergei M. , Grasby Jane A. , Tainer John A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDNA replication and repair enzyme Flap Endonuclease 1 (FEN1) is vital for genome integrity, and FEN1 mutations arise in multiple cancers. FEN1 precisely cleaves single-stranded (ss) 5′-flaps one nucleotide into duplex (ds) DNA. Yet, how FEN1 selects for but does not incise the ss 5′-flap was enigmatic. Here we combine crystallographic, biochemical and genetic analyses to show that two dsDNA binding sites set the 5′polarity and to reveal unexpected control of the DNA phosphodiester backbone by electrostatic interactions. Via ‘phosphate steering’, basic residues energetically steer an inverted ss 5′-flap through a gateway over FEN1’s active site and shift dsDNA for catalysis. Mutations of these residues cause an 18,000-fold reduction in catalytic rate in vitro and large-scale trinucleotide (GAA)n repeat expansions in vivo, implying failed phosphate-steering promotes an unanticipated lagging-strand template-switch mechanism during replication. Thus, phosphate steering is an unappreciated FEN1 function that enforces 5′-flap specificity and catalysis, preventing genomic instability.
Beam electrons as a source of Hα flare ribbons
Authors: Druett Malcolm , Scullion Eamon , Zharkova Valentina , Matthews Sarah , Zharkov Sergei , Rouppe Van der Voort Luc 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe observations of solar flare onsets show rapid increase of hard and soft X-rays, ultra-violet emission with large Doppler blue shifts associated with plasma upflows, and Hα hydrogen emission with red shifts up to 1–4 Å. Modern radiative hydrodynamic models account well for blue-shifted emission, but struggle to reproduce closely the red-shifted Hα lines. Here we present a joint hydrodynamic and radiative model showing that during the first seconds of beam injection the effects caused by beam electrons can reproduce Hα line profiles with large red-shifts closely matching those observed in a C1.5 flare by the Swedish Solar Telescope. The model also accounts closely for timing and magnitude of upward motion to the corona observed 29 s after the event onset in 171 Å by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly/Solar Dynamics Observatory.
CDK4/6 and autophagy inhibitors synergistically induce senescence in Rb positive cytoplasmic cyclin E negative cancers
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Smruthi , Karakas Cansu , Doostan Iman , Chen Xian , Bui Tuyen , Yi Min , Raghavendra Akshara S. , Zhao Yang , Bashour Sami I. , Ibrahim Nuhad K. , Karuturi Meghan , Wang Jing , Winkler Jeffrey D. , Amaravadi Ravi K. , Hunt Kelly K. , Tripathy Debu , Keyomarsi Khandan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDeregulation of the cell cycle machinery is a hallmark of cancer. While CDK4/6 inhibitors are FDA approved (palbociclib) for treating advanced estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, two major clinical challenges remain: (i) adverse events leading to therapy discontinuation and (ii) lack of reliable biomarkers. Here we report that breast cancer cells activate autophagy in response to palbociclib, and that the combination of autophagy and CDK4/6 inhibitors induces irreversible growth inhibition and senescence in vitro, and diminishes growth of cell line and patient-derived xenograft tumours in vivo. Furthermore, intact G1/S transition (Rb-positive and low-molecular-weight isoform of cyclin E (cytoplasmic)-negative) is a reliable prognostic biomarker in ER positive breast cancer patients, and predictive of preclinical sensitivity to this drug combination. Inhibition of CDK4/6 and autophagy is also synergistic in other solid cancers with an intact G1/S checkpoint, providing a novel and promising biomarker-driven combination therapeutic strategy to treat breast and other solid tumours.
Engineering the thermal conductivity along an individual silicon nanowire by selective helium ion irradiation
Authors: Zhao Yunshan , Liu Dan , Chen Jie , Zhu Liyan , Belianinov Alex , Ovchinnikova Olga S. , Unocic Raymond R. , Burch Matthew J. , Kim Songkil , Hao Hanfang , Pickard Daniel S. , Li Baowen , Thong John T. L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe ability to engineer the thermal conductivity of materials allows us to control the flow of heat and derive novel functionalities such as thermal rectification, thermal switching and thermal cloaking. While this could be achieved by making use of composites and metamaterials at bulk length-scales, engineering the thermal conductivity at micro- and nano-scale dimensions is considerably more challenging. In this work, we show that the local thermal conductivity along a single Si nanowire can be tuned to a desired value (between crystalline and amorphous limits) with high spatial resolution through selective helium ion irradiation with a well-controlled dose. The underlying mechanism is understood through molecular dynamics simulations and quantitative phonon-defect scattering rate analysis, where the behaviour of thermal conductivity with dose is attributed to the accumulation and agglomeration of scattering centres at lower doses. Beyond a threshold dose, a crystalline-amorphous transition was observed.
A mitogenomic timetree for Darwin’s enigmatic South American mammal Macrauchenia patachonica
Authors: Westbury Michael , Baleka Sina , Barlow Axel , Hartmann Stefanie , Paijmans Johanna L.A. , Kramarz Alejandro , Forasiepi Analía M , Bond Mariano , Gelfo Javier N. , Reguero Marcelo A. , López-Mendoza Patricio , Taglioretti Matias , Scaglia Fernando , Rinderknecht Andrés , Jones Washington , Mena Francisco , Billet Guillaume , de Muizon Christian , Aguilar José Luis , MacPhee Ross D.E. , Hofreiter Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe unusual mix of morphological traits displayed by extinct South American native ungulates (SANUs) confounded both Charles Darwin, who first discovered them, and Richard Owen, who tried to resolve their relationships. Here we report an almost complete mitochondrial genome for the litopternMacrauchenia. Our dated phylogenetic tree placesMacraucheniaas sister to Perissodactyla, but close to the radiation of major lineages within Laurasiatheria. This position is consistent with a divergence estimate of ∼66 Ma (95% credibility interval, 56.64–77.83 Ma) obtained for the split betweenMacraucheniaand other Panperissodactyla. Combined with their morphological distinctiveness, this evidence supports the positioning of Litopterna (possibly in company with other SANU groups) as a separate order within Laurasiatheria. We also show that, when using strict criteria, extinct taxa marked by deep divergence times and a lack of close living relatives may still be amenable to palaeogenomic analysis through iterative mapping against more distant relatives.
Origin of abnormal structural transformation in a (BiPb)FeO3/SrRuO3/SrTiO3 hetero-structure probed by Rutherford backscattering
Authors: Bohra Murtaza , Negi Kartikeya , Y. S. Varun Karthik , Chou Hsiung , Wang X. , Chu W. K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractScientific efforts are growing to understand artificial BiFeO3/SrRuO3/SrTiO3-heterostructures, wherein an altered environment at each interface, caused by epitaxial strains, broken symmetry, off-stoichiometry and charge transfer, can generate a rich spectrum of exotic properties. Herein, (BiPb)FeO3/SrRuO3/SrTiO3-heterostructures were sputtered with various top (BiPb)FeO3-layers at different growth temperatures (Tg). Strain relaxation at each interface changes with Tg and generates an additional peak alongside with (BiPb)FeO3 at a high T
g
of 700 °C. Rutherford backscattering (RBS) was employed to understand this unusual behavior as to whether it is a mixture of two phases, layer splitting or inter-diffusion of elements. Surprisingly, complete overlapping of random and aligned RBS spectra from the sample with T
g
= 700 °C indicates the presence of a large amount of defects/distortions at the interfaces. The RBS compositional analysis gives clear evidence of Fe and Ru vacancies to an extent that the structural integrity may not be maintained. This abnormal condition can be explained by the inter-diffusion of Pb and Bi elements into whole films and even into the top layer of the SrTiO3 substrate, which compensates for these vacancies by substitutional replacement and is responsible for the generation of the additional SrTi(BiPb)O3—peak. Below T
c
SrRuO3, the magnetic properties change significantly with T
g
.
Enhanced-quantum yield sulfur/nitrogen co-doped fluorescent carbon nanodots produced from biomass Enteromorpha prolifera: synthesis, posttreatment, applications and mechanism study
Authors: Xu Yuanhong , Li Dan , Liu Mengli , Niu Fushuang , Liu Jingquan , Wang Erkang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEnteromorpha prolifera (E. prolifera), one of the main algae genera for green tide, significantly influences both the coastal ecological environment and seawater quality. How to effectively utilize this waste as reproducible raw resource with credible application mechanism are urgent environmental issues to be solved. Herein, E. prolifera was converted to attractive fluorescent carbon nanodots (CNDs) by one-pot green hydrothermal process. The purity and quantum yields for the as-prepared CNDs can be enhanced upon the post-treatment of ethanol sedimentation. The CNDs can be well dispersed in aqueous medium with uniform spherical morphology, narrow size distribution and average size of 2.75 ± 0.12 nm. The ease synthesis and relatively high quantum yields of the CNDs make E. prolifera inexpensive benefit to the human and nature, such as applications in efficient cell imaging and fiber staining. Furthermore, it was discovered that the fluorescence intensity of the CNDs can be selectively quenched upon Fe3+ addition, which can be used for specific sensitive assay and removal of Fe3+ in aqueous medium. More importantly, it was reasonably proposed that the quenching was resulted from the synergistic effects of CNDs aggregation and Fe3+-CNDs charge-transfer transitions due to the coordination interactions between Fe3+ and the oxygenous groups on the CNDs.
Photonics and fracture toughness of heterogeneous composite materials
Authors: Antony S. Joseph , Okeke George , Tokgoz D. Deniz , Ozerkan N. Gozde 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFracture toughness measures the resistance of a material to fracture. This fundamental property is used in diverse engineering designs including mechanical, civil, materials, electronics and chemical engineering applications. In spite of the advancements made in the past 40 years, the evaluation of this remains challenging for extremely heterogeneous materials such as composite concretes. By taking advantage of the optical properties of a thin birefringent coating on the surface of opaque, notched composite concrete beams, here we sense the evolution of the maximum shear stress distribution on the beams under loading. The location of the maximum deviator stress is tracked ahead of the crack tip on the experimental concrete samples under the ultimate load, and hence the effective crack length is characterised. Using this, the fracture toughness of a number of heterogeneous composite beams is evaluated and the results compare favourably well with other conventional methods using combined experimental and numerical/analytical approaches. Finally a new model, correlating the optically measured shear stress concentration factor and flexural strength with the fracture toughness of concretes is proposed. The current photonics-based study could be vital in evaluating the fracture toughness of even opaque and complex heterogeneous materials more effectively in future.
Genotyping-by-sequencing reveals three QTL for clubroot resistance to six pathotypes of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica rapa
Authors: Yu Fengqun , Zhang Xingguo , Peng Gary , Falk Kevin C. , Strelkov Stephen E. , Gossen Bruce D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractClubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is an important disease of Brassica crops worldwide. F1 progeny from the Brassica rapa lines T19 (resistant) × ACDC (susceptible) were backcrossed with ACDC, then self-pollinated to produce BC1S1 lines, From genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) of the parental lines and BC1 plants, about 1.32 M sequences from T19 were aligned into the reference genome of B. rapa with 0.4-fold coverage, and 1.77 M sequences with 0.5-fold coverage in ACDC. The number of aligned short reads per plant in the BC1 ranged from 0.07 to 1.41 M sequences with 0.1-fold coverage. A total of 1584 high quality SNP loci were obtained, distributed on 10 chromosomes. A single co-localized QTL, designated as Rcr4 on chromosome A03, conferred resistance to pathotypes 2, 3, 5, 6 and 8. The peak was at SNP locus A03_23710236, where LOD values were 30.3 to 38.8, with phenotypic variation explained (PVE) of 85–95%. Two QTLs for resistance to a novel P. brassicae pathotype 5x, designated Rcr8 on chromosome A02 and Rcr9 on A08, were detected with 15.0 LOD and 15.8 LOD, and PVE of 36% and 39%, respectively. Bulked segregant analysis was performed to examine TIR-NBS-LRR proteins in the regions harboring the QTL.