bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The outcome of transscleral cyclophotocoagulation for the management of acute angle closure
Authors: Chiam Patrick J. , Sung Velota C.T. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose: To investigate the outcome of transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TCP) in the treatment of acute angle closure (AAC) refractory to medical treatment. Methods: This is a retrospective interventional case series. The inclusion criteria include patients diagnosed with AAC who had TCP. Pre-TCP and post-TCP intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity, and AAC treatment were analyzed. The complications and the results of subsequent treatments including lens extraction if performed were also assessed. Results: Thirteen eyes (13 patients) met the study criteria. The median time to TCP from presentation was 5 days (range 3-30 days). The mean presenting IOP was 56 ± 6 mm Hg (range 48-70 mm Hg) and the medically treated mean IOP before TCP was 40 ± 5 mm Hg (range 34-52 mm Hg). All patients (100%) responded to TCP. The mean post-TCP IOP at day 1 and months 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 were 19, 23, 19, 19, 18, and 17 mm Hg. There was 1 case of hyphema post-TCP. Lens extraction ± goniosynechialysis was performed in 10 patients (77%) from 1 month post-TCP onwards. The mean IOP prior to lens extraction was 26 mm Hg (range 19-32 mm Hg). The mean IOP 3 months after lens extraction was 15 mm Hg (range 8-19 mm Hg). The mean number of topical IOP-lowering medications 12 months post-TCP was 1.1. Conclusions: Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation is effective and safe in reducing IOP in patients with AAC refractory to medical and laser peripheral iridotomy treatments. We advocate that TCP should be considered early in the management of AAC refractory to medical treatment to avoid irreversible optic neuropathy.
The practice pattern of anticoagulation prophylaxis for patients undergoing total hip replacement in a major orthopaedic centre; a retrospective review
Authors: Hamza Sura H. , Reynolds Paul 
Published: September 2017

Methods: In a major centre for orthopaedic surgery, we retrospectively analysed 1,469 patients who underwent elective hip replacement since 2010. All patients but 2 received anticoagulation postoperatively and rivaroxaban was the preferred choice for anticoagulation. Results: The incidence of all adverse events in those who received rivaroxaban was 1.7%. Only 0.3% had a minor upper gastrointestinal bleed and 1.3% developed a minor wound bleeding or haematoma. The occurrence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) was 0.2% of all patients. Conclusions: In this analysis, the incidence of adverse events was lower than the previously 4 published national figures.
Origem, causas e impactos da crise financeira de 2008
Authors: Cechin Alícia , Montoya Marco Antonio 
Published: September 2017

A crise demonstra uma situação anormal, pois ela não rompe apenas com a prosperidade
recebida e desfrutada até o momento, mas também cria um conjunto de escassez e de
dificuldades para a grande maioria dos envolvidos. A ocorrência de uma crise financeira
pode-se entender resumidamente como conturbações na economia, fundamentadas por
eventos econômicos. A crise de 2008 representou uma mudança na história do capitalismo,
atingiu todos os mercados, do monetário ao de crédito, das bolsas de valores à de mercadorias. Ela alcançou o âmbito internacional e foi muito intensa, gerando um indício da
escassez global de liquidez em dólares e tornando pior os termos de troca, devido à queda
dos preços das commodities. A bolha financeira americana foi considerada a maior, desde
a grande depressão de 1929.
Palavras-chave: Causas. Consequências. Crise de 2008. Impactos.
An Examination of the Effects of Change in Committee Chair on Audit Quality
Authors: Haq Izhar , Lang Teresa , Xu Hongkang 
Published: September 2017

This study uses GMI Ratings directorship data from 2008 to 2013 along with the associated financial data to examine the relationship between audit committee chair change with the absolute discretionary accruals in the financial statements of the reporting companies. Our results suggest that audit committee chair change is positively associated with the absolute discretionary accruals. Specifically, absolute discretionary accruals are significantly higher when there is a change in the audit committee chair. These results are consistent with prior research that deviations from the predicted values of accruals is an indicator of “poor” audit quality. An additional finding of this paper is that a person younger than 60 is more likely to be a new audit committee chair when there is a change and therefore will have less experience and contacts than the outgoing chair. An important implication of these results is that audit committee chair change can have a significant impact on the quality of the financial statements of a company as well as on the audit quality.
Dressler’s syndrome as a complication of apical ballooning cardiomyopathy
Authors: I Davarshvili , S Hochberg-Klein , ED Klein 
Published: September 2017

We report a case of 62-year-old female patient diagnosed with apical ballooning syndrome (Takotsubo) based on typical apical ballooning with normal coronaries in the setting of chest pain and ST elevation MI. Ten days after her initial hospitalization she was diagnosed with pleuropericarditis based on chest pain, pleuropericadial effusion and inflammatory markers.This case report shows the rare complication of takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) – Dressler’s syndrome.
Simultaneous Determination of Acetylsalicylic Acid, Hydrochlorothiazide, Enalapril, and Atorvastatin in a Polypill-Based Quaternary Mixture by TLC
Authors: Maślanka Anna , Stolarczyk Mariusz , Apola Anna , Kwiecień Anna , Hubicka Urszula , Opoka Włodzimierz 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A new chromatographic-densitometric method has been developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of the active ingredients in a simulated mixture corresponding to the PolyIran polypill, composed of acetylsalicylic acid, hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), enalapril (ENA), and atorvastatin (ATR), whose efficacy in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease has been documented in clinical trials. Chromatographic separation was performed using TLC silica gel 60 plates with fluorescent indicator F254 as the stationary phase and a mixture of n-hexane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water–acetic acid (8.4 + 8 + 3 + 0.4 + 0.2, v/v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Densitometric measurements were carried out at λ = 210 nm when determining ENA and at λ = 265 nm in the case of the other drugs. Peaks of examined substances were well separated in the recorded chromatograms, enabling the evaluation of the results in terms of both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The method was specific for the analyzed components and was characterized by high sensitivity. The LOD was between 0.043 and 0.331 μg/spot, and LOQ was between 0.100 and 0.942 μg/spot. Recovery was in the range of 97.02–101.34%. The linearity range was broad and ranged from 0.600 to 6.000 μg/spot for acetylsalicylic acid, from 0.058 to 1.102 μg/spot for HCT, from 0.505 to 6.560 μg/spot for ENA, and from 0.100 to 1.000 μg/spot for ATR. The method was characterized by good precision, with RSD values that ranged from 0.10 to 2.26%.
Building Bridges: Perspectives on Partnership and Collaboration from the US Forest Service Tribal Relations Program
Authors: Dockry Michael J , Gutterman Sophia A , Davenport Mae A 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAmerican Indian tribes have inherent rights to national forestland and resources codified in treaties, the US Constitution, statutes, Presidential Executive Orders, and case law. These rights require a government-to-government relationship between each tribe and the US Forest Service (USFS), which recognizes federal trust responsibilities and tribal sovereignty. This is implemented through government-to-government consultation. Along with consultation, the USFS seeks to create opportunities to work in partnership with tribes to support natural resource management for mutual benefit. The purpose of this article is to explore partnership building and collaboration between the USFS and American Indian tribes in the context of the USFS tribal relations program. The article outlines successful practices and barriers for building partnerships between federally recognized tribes and the USFS. Qualitative research methods were used to analyze 26 semistructured interviews with USFS employees with tribal relations duties to understand their perspectives on building partnerships and fulfilling the government trust responsibility with American Indian tribes.
Development and evaluation of rapid novel isothermal amplification assays for important veterinary pathogens:Chlamydia psittaciandChlamydia pecorum
Authors: Jelocnik Martina , Islam Md. Mominul , Madden Danielle , Jenkins Cheryl , Branley James , Carver Scott , Polkinghorne Adam 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundChlamydia psittaciandChlamydia pecorumare important veterinary pathogens, with the former also being responsible for zoonoses, and the latter adversely affecting koala populations in Australia and livestock globally. The rapid detection of these organisms is still challenging, particularly at the point-of-care (POC). In the present study, we developed and evaluated rapid, sensitive and robustC. psittaci-specific andC. pecorum-specific Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assays for detection of these pathogens.Methods and MaterialsThe LAMP assays, performed in a Genie III real-time fluorometer, targeted a 263 bp region of theC. psittaci-specific Cps_0607 gene or a 209 bp region of aC. pecorum-specific conserved gene CpecG_0573, and were evaluated using a range of samples previously screened using species-specific quantitative PCRs (qPCRs). Species-specificity forC. psittaciandC. pecorumLAMP targets was tested against DNA samples from related chlamydial species and a range of other bacteria. In order to evaluate pathogen detection in clinical samples,C. psittaciLAMP was evaluated using a total of 26 DNA extracts from clinical samples from equine and avian hosts, while forC. pecorumLAMP, we tested a total of 63 DNA extracts from clinical samples from koala, sheep and cattle hosts. A subset of 36C. pecorumsamples was also tested in a thermal cycler (instead of a real-time fluorometer) using newly developed LAMP and results were determined as an end point detection. We also evaluated rapid swab processing (without DNA extraction) to assess the robustness of these assays.ResultsBoth LAMP assays were demonstrated to species-specific, highly reproducible and to be able to detect as little as 10 genome copy number/reaction, with a mean amplification time of 14 and 24 min forC. psittaciandC. pecorum, respectively. When testing clinical samples, the overall congruence between the newly developed LAMP assays and qPCR was 92.3% forC. psittaci(91.7% sensitivity and 92.9% specificity); and 84.1% forC. pecorum(90.6% sensitivity and 77.4% specificity). For a subset of 36C. pecorumsamples tested in a thermal cycler using newly developed LAMP, we observed 34/36 (94.4%) samples result being congruent between LAMP performed in fluorometer and in thermal cycler. Rapid swab processing method evaluated in this study also allows for chlamydial DNA detection using LAMP.DiscussionIn this study, we describe the development of novel, rapid and robustC. psittaci-specific andC. pecorum-specific LAMP assays that are able to detect these bacteria in clinical samples in either the laboratory or POC settings. With further development and a focus on the preparation of these assays at the POC, it is anticipated that both tests may fill an important niche in the repertoire of ancillary diagnostic tools available to clinicians.
Rheological Weakening of Olivine + Orthopyroxene Aggregates Due to Phase Mixing: 1. Mechanical Behavior
Authors: Tasaka Miki , Zimmerman Mark E. , Kohlstedt David L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTo understand the processes involved in rheological weakening due to phase mixing in olivine + orthopyroxene aggregates, we conducted high‐strain torsion experiments on two‐phase samples at a temperature of 1200°C and a confining pressure of 300 MPa. Samples composed of iron‐rich olivine plus 26% orthopyroxene were deformed to outer radius shear strains of up to γ ≈ 26. Values for the stress exponent, n, and grain size exponent, p, were determined based on least squares fits of the strain rate, stress, and grain size data to a power law creep equation both at smaller strains (γ ≤ 3) and at larger strains (γ ≥ 24). Microstructural observations demonstrate that with increasing shear strain, grain size decreased and mixtures of small, equant grains of olivine and pyroxene developed. The values of n and p combined with associated changes in microstructure demonstrate that our samples deformed (i) by dislocation‐accommodated grain‐boundary sliding with subgrains present at lower strains and (ii) by dislocation‐accommodated grain‐boundary sliding with subgrains absent at higher strains. The evolution of both the mechanical and the microstructural properties observed in this study provide insights into the dynamic processes associated with rheological weakening and strain localization in the plastically deforming portion of the lithosphere.
On the dynamics of the Sri Lanka Dome in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Burns Jessica M. , Subrahmanyam Bulusu , Murty V. S. N. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEast of Sri Lanka, in the northern Indian Ocean, a cold dome, known as the Sri Lanka Dome (SLD), develops during southwest monsoon season (June–September). The SLD first forms around May, matures in July, and decays around September, in association with the strong cyclonic wind stress curl. In this study, the structure and dynamics of SLD in response to the climatic events such as the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) are examined. Our results reveal that these climatic events modulated the subsurface temperature variability in the thermocline at ∼100 m depth, whose signature was also evident in the satellite‐derived sea surface height (SSH) anomaly in the SLD region. We find that the mechanisms for the formation of SLD are consistent with previous research, and there is year‐to‐year variability in the SLD dynamics. This study also reveals that the atmospheric parameters including vertical wind shear and midtropospheric relative humidity are high over the SLD region and adjacent southern Bay of Bengal and show an upward (increasing) trend over the decades. This has impacted the atmospheric parameters over the northern Bay of Bengal over the decades and as a consequence the total number of monsoon depressions (June–September) decreased over the decades from 1980 to 2015, as reported by the India Meteorological Department, New Delhi. Thus, the new insight emerged from this study is the variability in the cyclogenesis and the occurrence of total number of monsoon depressions over northern Bay of Bengal over the decades is much related to the SLD dynamics.
Acidification mediated by a river plume and coastal upwelling on a fringing reef at the east coast of Hainan Island, Northern South China Sea
Authors: Dong Xu , Huang Haining , Zheng Nan , Pan Aijun , Wang Sumin , Huo Cheng , Zhou Kaiwen , Lin Hui , Ji Weidong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe investigated the dynamics of carbonate system which was greatly modulated by a river plume and coastal upwelling in July 2014 and July 2015 at the east coast of Hainan Island where a fringing reef distributes inshore. By using a three end‐member mixing model, we semiquantitatively estimated the removal of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) mediated by biological production in the river plume and upwelled water to be 13 ± 17 and 15 ± 16 μmol kg−1, respectively. The enhanced organic production was mainly responsible for these DIC consumptions in both two regimes, however, nearly a half of DIC removal was attributed to biocalcification in the plume system while it was negligible in the upwelling system. Furthermore, the modeled results over reefs revealed that river plume and coastal upwelling were two major threats of acidification to coral communities at the east coast of Hainan Island during cruises. In comparison, the biological contribution to acidification was limited for balancing between organic production and biocalcification during July 2014 cruise, whereas the acidification was greatly intensified by organic degradation during July 2015 cruise. It was verified that naturally local acidification (physical and biological processes) played a major role in great pH decreases on a short‐term scale, leading to coastal waters more vulnerable to anthropogenic “ocean acidification” (uptake of atmospheric CO2) by reducing buffering capacity of waters. Finally, effects of acidification associated with other local threats on a fringing reef were further depicted with a conceptual model.
Self‐Healing Graphene Oxide Based Functional Architectures Triggered by Moisture
Authors: Cheng Huhu , Huang Yaxin , Cheng Qilong , Shi Gaoquan , Jiang Lan , Qu Liangti 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSelf‐healing materials are capable of spontaneously repairing themselves at damaging sites without additional adhesives. They are important functional materials with wide applications in actuators, shape memorizing materials, smart coatings, and medical treatments, etc. Herein, this study reports the self‐healing of graphene oxide (GO) functional architectures and devices with the assistance of moisture. These GO architectures can completely restore their mechanical‐performance (e.g., compressibility, flexibility, and strength) after healing their broken sites using a little amount of water moisture. On the basis of this effective moisture‐triggered self‐healing process, this study develops GO smart actuators (e.g., bendable actuator, biomimetic walker, rotatable fiber motor) and sensors with self‐healing ability. This work provides a new pathway for the development of self‐healing materials for their applications in multidimensional spaces and functional devices.
Quantum Dots Emitting in the Third Biological Window as Bimodal Contrast Agents for Cardiovascular Imaging
Authors: Hu Jie , Ortgies Dirk H. , Aguliar Torres Rio , Fernández Nuria , Porto Lucas , Martín Rodríguez Emma , García Solé José , Jaque Daniel , Alfonso Fernando , Rivero Fernando 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPhysicians are demanding innovative technologies for multimodal imaging of the cardiovascular system that would lead to the appearance of advanced diagnosis and therapy procedures. This implies the simultaneous development of new imaging techniques and contrast agents whose synergy would make it possible. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has recently emerged as a versatile and high‐resolution clinical technique for cardiovascular imaging. Unfortunately, the lack of adequate contrast agents impedes the use of OCT for intracoronary multimodal imaging. In this work, the hitherto unexplored capability of semiconductor quantum dots (IR‐QDs) emitting in the third infrared biological window (1.55–1.87 µm) to act as multimodal agents for intracoronary imaging is demonstrated. Under single line laser excitation at 1.3 µm, IR‐QDs are capable of providing simultaneous backscattering contrast and efficient luminescence at 1.6 µm. In this work, backscattered radiation is successfully employed to construct OCT images in both fluids and tissues whereas the infrared luminescence of the IR‐QDs provides the possibility for simultaneous acquisition of high penetrating fluorescence images. The first multimodal (fluorescence + OCT) imaging of an artery using IR‐QDs as contrast agents is provided herein demonstrating their outstanding potential for future clinical applications.
Amerindian ancestry and extended longevity in Nicoya, Costa Rica
Authors: Azofeifa Jorge , Ruiz‐Narváez Edward A. , Leal Alejandro , Gerlovin Hanna , Rosero‐Bixby Luis 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to address the hypothesis that Amerindian ancestry is associated with extended longevity in the admixed population of Nicoya, Costa Rica. The Nicoya Peninsula of Costa Rica has been considered a “longevity island,” particularly for males.MethodsWe estimated Amerindian ancestry using 464 ancestral informative markers in 20 old Nicoyans aged ≥99 years, and 20 younger Nicoyans (60‐65 years). We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association of Amerindian ancestry and longevity.ResultsOlder Nicoyans had higher Amerindian ancestry compared to younger Nicoyans (43.3% vs 36.0%, P = .04). Each 10% increase of Amerindian ancestry was associated with more than twice the odds of being long‐lived (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.03‐5.25).Conclusions and ImplicationsTo our knowledge, this is the first time that ancestry is implicated as a likely determinant of extended longevity. Amerindian‐specific alleles may protect against early mortality. The identification of these protective alleles should be the focus of future studies.
Cancer of the esophagus and asbestos exposure
Authors: Clin Bénédicte , Thaon Isabelle , Boulanger Mathilde , Brochard Patrick , Chamming's Soizick , Gislard Antoine , Lacourt Aude , Luc Amandine , Ogier Guy , Paris Christophe , Pairon Jean‐Claude 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundOur study aimed at analyzing incidence and mortality from esophageal cancer within a cohort of workers with previous occupational asbestos exposure (ARDCo Program).MethodsA 10‐year follow‐up study was conducted in the 14 515 male subjects included in this program between October 2003 and December 2005. Follow‐up began when exposure stopped. Asbestos exposure was analyzed by industrial hygienists using data from a standardized questionnaire. The Cox model was used, with age as the time axis variable adjusted for smoking, time since first exposure (TSFE) and cumulative exposure index (CEI) of exposure to asbestos.ResultsWe reported a significant dose‐response relationship between CEI of exposure to asbestos and esophageal cancer, in both incidence (hazard ratio [HR] 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00‐1.58), and mortality (HR 1.40, [95%CI 1.12‐1.75]).ConclusionsThis large‐scale study suggests the existence of a relationship between asbestos exposure and cancer of the esophagus
Synthesis and characterization of dendritic polypyrrole silver nanocomposite and its application as a new urea biosensor
Authors: Pandey Avinash Kumar , Pandey Prem Chandra , Agrawal Namita Rani , Das Ishwar 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTPolypyrrole and its silver nanocomposite were electrochemically synthesized from aqueous solutions containing pyrrole, potassium chloride (KCl) (system A); pyrrole, KCl, and an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (NaDS) (system B); and pyrrole, silver nitrate, NaDS (system C). Compact and dendritic patterns were observed depending on experimental conditions. The aggregates were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopic (HRTEM), and thermal studies (TG/DTG). HRTEM studies indicate that the particle size of PPy‐Ag nanocomposite is ∼30 nm. TG studies revealed that systems B and C, have different thermal behavior. Potassium ion selective electrodes were constructed using systems A, B, and C. The electrode prepared with PPy‐Ag nanocomposite showed nernstian behavior with maximum slope of 57 mV.
ion‐selective electrode was also constructed for this system based on nonactin‐impregnated PVC matrix membrane. Urease enzyme was immobilized at the surface of as made
ion‐selective electrode to develop urea biosensor showing good detection limit. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45705.