bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Vitamin D Status among Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Jayakumar Nithya P , Rao Bharathi , Shetty Nikil 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Aims
To evaluate vitamin D, serum calcium, and serum phosphorus levels in postmenopausal women attending gynecology outpatient department in Lady Goschen and Kasturba Medical College Attavar hospitals.

Objective
To study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the studied group. To correlate vitamin D levels with diet and environmental factors.

Materials and methods
The study was conducted in 100 postmenopausal women attending Lady Goschen hospital and Kasturba Medical College Attavar hospital, Mangaluru. It was a hospital-based, prospective cross-sectional study conducted over the period between August 2014 and June 2016. Levels of vitamin D and serum calcium and phosphorus were assessed in them.

Results
A total of 11% were found to have vitamin D deficiency, 38 and 48% had insufficient levels and sufficient levels of vitamin D respectively, 53% had normal levels of serum calcium, and 47% had inadequate levels. About 70% were found to have normal levels of serum phosphorus and 24% had inadequate levels. Dietary intake was found to be inadequate in 61% of the studied population. Serum calcium and phosphorus deficiency had significant corelation with vitamin D deficiency. Also significant corelation was noted with sun exposure and dietary intake in relation to vitamin D. No corelation was established between hypertension, diabetes and vitamin D.

Conclusion
This study helped us to assess basal levels of vitamin D, serum calcium, and serum phosphorus among postmenopausal women, giving us an idea regarding prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among South Indian postmenopausal women. We should consider counseling all postmenopausal patients regarding the benefit of vitamin D supplementation, adequate dietary intake, and sun exposure.

How to cite this article
Jayakumar NP, Rao B, Shetty N. Study of Vitamin D Status among Postmenopausal Women. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(1):28-34.
Hysteroscopic Management of Intrauterine Pathologies: A Case Series of 296 Patients
Authors: Pathak Charu , Yadav Garima 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Aims
To discuss the incidence of various hysteroscopic findings in patients of infertility, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), and postmenopausal bleeding and to compare the prevalence of various uterine pathologies in patients of primary and secondary infertility.

Materials and methods
This is a retrospective observational study, which evaluated 296 patients who underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy for evaluation of primary or secondary infertility, AUB, and postmenopausal bleeding over a period of 18 months in a Gynae-endoscopy Unit. Detailed hysteroscopic evaluation of the endocervical canal and uterine cavity in all recruited cases was done by the same surgeon and the data were collected by reviewing the case records.

Results
Among the 296 cases analyzed, 157 cases were of primary infertility, 81 cases were of secondary infertility, 45 cases were of AUB, and 13 cases presented with postmenopausal bleeding. Among the primary infertility patients, 58.6% had abnormal findings on hysteroscopy, while among the secondary infertility patients, hysteroscopy revealed abnormalities in as high as 72.5% cases. In the present study, uterine synechiae was the most common abnormality detected among the infertile patients. Endometrial polyps were the most common pathology detected among patients with AUB and postmenopausal bleeding.

Conclusion
Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive and highly safe technique to directly visualize the endocervical canal, uterine cavity, and tubal ostia. It has an added advantage of treating the pathology in the same sitting, thus improving the clinical outcomes. Based on our findings, we conclude that uterine pathologies are a major contributor in causing infertility and menstrual irregularities, which are missed on blind modalities like hysterosalpingography and dilatation and curettage.

Clinical significance
This article stresses on the use of hysteroscopy as a primary diagnostic modality in evaluating patients of infertility, AUB, and postmenopausal bleeding in order to increase the detection rates of uterine pathologies.

How to cite this article
Yadav G, Manchanda R, Pathak C. Hysteroscopic Management of Intrauterine Pathologies: A Case Series of 296 Patients. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(1):35-40.
Management of Postmenopausal Vaginal Atrophy: Review of Literature
Authors: Dayal Meena , Yadav Preeti 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTAimAs there is dilemma for treatment of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy, effort has been made to review the literature for the same.BackgroundAbout half of all postmenopausal women will experience symptoms related to urogenital atrophy. Vaginal atrophy becomes clinically apparent 4 to 5 years after menopause, and subjective complaints as well as objective changes are present in 25 to 50% of all postmenopausal women.Review resultsMeasures could be taken for not only treatment but also prevention of atrophy before symptoms become troublesome, but establishment of this prevention principle globally would require a formal cost-effective analysis and further research.ConclusionTreatment with local estrogen is simple, safe, and can transform a woman’s quality of life.Clinical significanceWomen experiencing sexual and urinary symptoms as a consequence of vaginal atrophy should be diagnosed and treated without delay in order to avoid a cascade of events which do not resolve spontaneously.How to cite this articleYadav P, Dayal M. Management of Postmenopausal Vaginal Atrophy: Review of Literature. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(1):51-57.
Bilateral Ovarian Transitional Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Pilli Ganga S , Davanagere Reshma , Suranagi Vijayalaxmi V , Bannur Hema B 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Ovarian cancer accounts for 6% of all cancers among women. The majority (85–90%) of malignant ovarian tumors are epithelial. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) has been described as a primary ovarian carcinoma in which definite urothelial features are present, but no benign, metaplastic, and/or proliferating Brenner tumor can be identified. It accounts for 1 to 2% of all ovarian tumors. Bilateral involvement is still rare. It is reported to be chemosensitive and has better prognosis than other types of common epithelial tumors of the ovary. Here, we report a rare case of bilateral TCC of the ovary managed by staging operation, followed by postoperative chemotherapy.
How to cite this article
Bannur HB, Suranagi VV, Davanagere R, Pilli GS. Bilateral Ovarian Transitional Cell Carcinoma. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(1):69-70.
Het medische beroepsgeheim: Heilige huisjes en juridische fictie
Authors: Duijst W.L.J.M. , Morsink M.E.B. 
Published: June 2017

Het medische beroepsgeheim: Heilige huisjes en juridische fictie
Wanneer wordt gesproken over het medische beroepsgeheim dan worden termen gebruikt die een geheel eigen leven zijn gaan leiden. Termen als ‘veronderstelde toestemming’, ‘conflict van plichten en ‘zeer bijzondere omstandigheden’, leiden zelden tot discussie. Wanneer deze termen nader worden beschouwd zijn zij uitermate onduidelijk en juridisch niet of nauwelijks houdbaar.
De toepasselijkheid van het familiaire verschoningsrecht ter zake van de procedure tot intrekking en terugvordering van bijstand
Authors: van der Vorm B. 
Published: June 2017

De toepasselijkheid van het familiaire verschoningsrecht ter zake van de procedure tot intrekking en terugvordering van bijstand
De intrekking en terugvordering van bijstand wordt aangemerkt als een bestuurlijke maatregel. In de onderhavige uitspraak van de Centrale Raad van Beroep blijkt dat appellant niet zijn hoofdverblijf had op het uitkeringsadres. De bijstand wordt daarom ingetrokken en teruggevorderd. Dit besluit is onder andere gebaseerd op een verklaring van de dochter van appellant. De Centrale Raad van Beroep overweegt dat aannemelijk is gemaakt dat de dochter door de sociale rechercheurs is gewezen op haar verschoningsrecht en deze verklaring ten grondslag kan worden gelegd aan het besluit tot intrekking en terugvordering van de bijstand.
Tid og timing: Et metodisk perspektiv på produktionsanalyse
Authors: Frandsen Kirsten , Bruun Hanne 
Published: June 2017

In recent years, media production studies have grown into a thriving field of research, which has given rise to a discussion of the theoretical and methodological approaches it employs (Paterson et al., 2016; Frandsen, 2007; Bruun, 2010, 2016b). This article is
a contribution to this development. The focal point is a discussion of how time and timing are important in media production research. The article points out that time is not just a matter of the amount of time that researchers have for their data collection.
In production studies, the researcher constructs the object for analysis, and time is to be considered depending on the type of analytical object you are trying to create, on the temporality that is present in the production process behind specific genres and subject areas, and on the changes the media are undergoing. A particular aspect of time is timing, which has both a performative and a strategic dimension.
The importance of time and timing will be illustrated with examples from our own and other researchers’ projects.
Isolated amyloidosis of the colon
Authors: Threlkeld LTC Clifford , Nguyen Col. Tu H. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
A 46-year-old man was seen with a 2-month history of crampy abdominal pain and recent onset of hematochezia. Colonoscopic examination revealed a semiannular mass lesion in the descending colon which was thought to represent a near-obstructing neoplasm. A partial colon resection was performed. Gross inspection revealed a segment of bowel with focally necrotic mucosa but no mass lesion. Microscopic examination revealed deposits of amyloid infiltrating the muscularis propria, submucosal vessel walls, and lamina propria, with focal ischemic necrosis of mucosa. Special stains were positive for light chains, indicating primary amyloidosis. Follow-up studies for multiple myeloma and inflammatory disorders gave negative results. A diagnosis of isolated amyloidosis of the colon was rendered. Two months after surgery, the patient had a recurrence of symptoms and colon biopsy specimens revealed amyloidosis. The patient was given colchicine, with subjective and objective improvement. The various types of amyloidosis are discussed.
c-Kit modifies the inflammatory status of smooth muscle cells
Authors: Song Lei , Martinez Laisel , Zigmond Zachary M. , Hernandez Diana R. , Lassance-Soares Roberta M. , Selman Guillermo , Vazquez-Padron Roberto I. 
Published: June 2017

Backgroundc-Kit is a receptor tyrosine kinase present in multiple cell types, including vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC). However, little is known about how c-Kit influences SMC biology and vascular pathogenesis.MethodsHigh-throughput microarray assays andin silicopathway analysis were used to identify differentially expressed genes between primary c-Kit deficient (KitW/W–v) and control (Kit+/+) SMC. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and functional assays further confirmed the differences in gene expression and pro-inflammatory pathway regulation between both SMC populations.ResultsThe microarray analysis revealed elevated NF-κB gene expression secondary to the loss of c-Kit that affects both the canonical and alternative NF-κB pathways. Upon stimulation with an oxidized phospholipid as pro-inflammatory agent, c-Kit deficient SMC displayed enhanced NF-κB transcriptional activity, higher phosphorylated/total p65 ratio, and increased protein expression of NF-κB regulated pro-inflammatory mediators with respect to cells from control mice. The pro-inflammatory phenotype of mutant cells was ameliorated after restoring c-Kit activity using lentiviral transduction. Functional assays further demonstrated that c-Kit suppresses NF-κB activity in SMC in a TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and Nemo-like kinase (NLK) dependent manner.DiscussionOur study suggests a novel mechanism by which c-Kit suppresses NF-κB regulated pathways in SMC to prevent their pro-inflammatory transformation.
Quadrupolar pattern of the asymmetric guide‐field reconnection
Authors: Peng F. Z. , Fu H. S. , Cao J. B. , Graham D. B. , Chen Z. Z. , Cao D. , Xu Y. , Huang S. Y. , Wang T. Y. , Khotyaintsev Y. V. , Andre M. , Russell C. T. , Giles B. , Lindqvist P.‐A. , Torbert R. B. , Ergun R. E. , Burch J. L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWith high‐resolution data of the recently launched Magnetospheric Multiscale mission, we report a magnetic reconnection event at the dayside magnetopause. This reconnection event, having a density asymmetry Nhigh/Nlow ≈ 2 on the two sides of the reconnecting current sheet and a guide field Bg ≈ 0.4B0 in the “out‐of‐plane” direction, exhibit all the two‐fluid features: Alfvenic plasma jets in the outflow region, bipolar Hall electric fields toward the current sheet center, quadrupolar Hall magnetic fields in the “out‐of‐plane” direction, and the corresponding Hall currents. Obviously, the density asymmetry Nhigh/Nlow ≈ 2 and the guide field Bg ≈ 0.4B0 are not sufficient to dismiss the quadrupolar pattern of Hall reconnection. This is different from previous simulations, where the bipolar pattern of Hall reconnection was suggested.
On the relationship between electron flux oscillations and ULF wave‐driven radial transport
Authors: Sarris Theodore E. , Li Xinlin , Temerin Michael , Zhao Hong , Califf Sam , Liu Wenlong , Ergun Robert 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the levels of electron flux oscillations and radial diffusion for different Phase Space Density gradients, through observation and particle‐tracing simulations under the effect of model ultralow frequency fluctuations. This investigation aims to demonstrate that electron flux oscillation is associated with and could be used as an indicator of ongoing radial diffusion. To this direction, flux oscillations are observed through the Van Allen Probes' Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer (MagEIS) subsequently, flux oscillations are produced in a particle‐tracing model that simulates radial diffusion by using model magnetic and electric field fluctuations that are approximating measured magnetic and electric field fluctuations as recorded by the Van Allen Probes' Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) and Electric Fields and Waves (EFW) instruments, respectively. The flux oscillation amplitudes are then correlated with Phase Space Density gradients in the magnetosphere and with the ongoing radial diffusion process.
Added value of far‐infrared radiometry for remote sensing of ice clouds
Authors: Libois Quentin , Blanchet Jean‐Pierre 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSeveral cloud retrieval algorithms based on satellite observations in the infrared have been developed in the last decades. However, these observations only cover the midinfrared (MIR, λ < 15 μm) part of the spectrum, and none are available in the far‐infrared (FIR, λ≥ 15 μm). Using the optimal estimation method, we show that adding a few FIR channels to existing spaceborne radiometers would significantly improve their ability to retrieve ice cloud radiative properties. For clouds encountered in the polar regions and the upper troposphere, where the atmosphere is sufficiently transparent in the FIR, using FIR channels would reduce by more than 50% the uncertainties on retrieved values of optical thickness, effective particle diameter, and cloud top altitude. Notably, this would extend the range of applicability of current retrieval methods to the polar regions and to clouds with large optical thickness, where MIR algorithms perform poorly. The high performance of solar reflection‐based algorithms would thus be reached in nighttime conditions. Since the sensitivity of ice cloud thermal emission to effective particle diameter is approximately 5 times larger in the FIR than in the MIR, using FIR observations is a promising venue for studying ice cloud microphysics and precipitation processes. This is highly relevant for cirrus clouds and convective towers. This is also essential to study precipitation in the driest regions of the atmosphere, where strong feedbacks are at play between clouds and water vapor. The deployment in the near future of a FIR spaceborne radiometer is technologically feasible and should be strongly supported.
Higher temperature variability reduces temperature sensitivity of vegetation growth in Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Wu Xiuchen , Liu Hongyan , Li Xiaoyan , Piao Shilong , Ciais Philippe , Guo Weichao , Yin Yi , Poulter Ben , Peng Changhui , Viovy Nicolas , Vuichard Nicolas , Wang Pei , Huang Yongmei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInterannual air temperature variability has changed over some regions in Northern Hemisphere (NH), accompanying with climate warming. However, whether and to what extent it regulates the interannual sensitivity of vegetation growth to temperature variability (i.e., interannual temperature sensitivity)—one central issue in understanding and predicting the responses of vegetation growth to changing climate—still remains poorly quantified and understood. Here we quantify the relationships between the interannual temperature sensitivity of mean growing‐season (April–October) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and ecosystem model simulations of gross primary productivity (GPP), and variability in mean growing‐season temperature for forest, shrub, and grass over NH. We find that higher interannual variability in mean growing‐season temperature leads to consistent decrease in interannual temperature sensitivity of mean growing‐season NDVI among all vegetation types but not in model simulations of GPP. Drier condition associates with ~130 ± 150% further decrease in interannual temperature sensitivity of mean growing‐season NDVI by temperature variability in forest and shrub. These results illustrate that varying temperature variability can significantly regulate the interannual temperature sensitivity of vegetation growth over NH, interacted with drought variability and nonlinear responses of photosynthesis to temperature. Our findings call for an improved characterization of the nonlinear effects of temperature variability on vegetation growth within global ecosystem models.
How robust are in situ observations for validating satellite‐derived albedo over the dark zone of the Greenland Ice Sheet?
Authors: Ryan J. C. , Hubbard A. , Irvine‐Fynn T. D. , Doyle S. H. , Cook J. M. , Stibal M. , Box J. E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCalibration and validation of satellite‐derived ice sheet albedo data require high‐quality, in situ measurements commonly acquired by up and down facing pyranometers mounted on automated weather stations (AWS). However, direct comparison between ground and satellite‐derived albedo can only be justified when the measured surface is homogeneous at the length‐scale of both satellite pixel and in situ footprint. Here we use digital imagery acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle to evaluate point‐to‐pixel albedo comparisons across the western, ablating margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Our results reveal that in situ measurements overestimate albedo by up to 0.10 at the end of the melt season because the ground footprints of AWS‐mounted pyranometers are insufficient to capture the spatial heterogeneity of the ice surface as it progressively ablates and darkens. Statistical analysis of 21 AWS across the entire Greenland Ice Sheet reveals that almost half suffer from this bias, including some AWS located within the wet snow zone.
Automated detection and characterization of harmonic tremor in continuous seismic data
Authors: Roman Diana C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHarmonic tremor is a common feature of volcanic, hydrothermal, and ice sheet seismicity and is thus an important proxy for monitoring changes in these systems. However, no automated methods for detecting harmonic tremor currently exist. Because harmonic tremor shares characteristics with speech and music, digital signal processing techniques for analyzing these signals can be adapted. I develop a novel pitch‐detection‐based algorithm to automatically identify occurrences of harmonic tremor and characterize their frequency content. The algorithm is applied to seismic data from Popocatepetl Volcano, Mexico, and benchmarked against a monthlong manually detected catalog of harmonic tremor events. During a period of heightened eruptive activity from December 2014 to May 2015, the algorithm detects 1465 min of harmonic tremor, which generally precede periods of heightened explosive activity. These results demonstrate the algorithm's ability to accurately characterize harmonic tremor while highlighting the need for additional work to understand its causes and implications at restless volcanoes.
Ground deformation before the 2015 eruptions of Cotopaxi volcano detected by InSAR
Authors: Morales Rivera Anieri M. , Amelung Falk , Mothes Patricia , Hong Sang‐Hoon , Nocquet Jean‐Mathieu , Jarrin Paul 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCotopaxi volcano started a period of volcanic unrest in April 2015 that led to a series of eruptions between August and November 2015. We use COSMO‐SkyMed Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar supported by continuous GPS observations spanning the period of 2014–2016 to obtain time‐dependent ground deformation data over Cotopaxi volcano related to the period of unrest and onset of eruptions. We find evidence of precursory deformation, with a maximum uplift on the western flank of 3.4 cm from April to August 2015. Deformation is explained by an inclined sheet intrusion located a few km southwest of the summit with an opening volume of 6.8 × 106 m3, extending from a depth of 12.1 km and shallowing to 5.5 km below the summit, that contributed to internal edifice growth. The temporal coincidence of deformation prior to the eruptions potentially suggests that short‐term eruptions at Cotopaxi are partly controlled by episodic edifice growth.
Impact of the vertical dynamics on the thermosphere at low and middle latitudes: GITM simulations
Authors: Zhu Qingyu , Deng Yue , Maute Astrid , Sheng Cheng , Lin Cissi Y. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this study, the influences of the electric fields at low and middle latitudes on the ionosphere and thermosphere are investigated by using the nonhydrostatic Global Ionosphere and Thermosphere Model (GITM). The equatorial ionization anomaly and the equatorial thermosphere anomaly (ETA) are well reproduced in the simulation when the electric fields are included. The term analysis of the continuity equation of the neutral mass density shows that the daytime upward vertical wind near the geomagnetic equator tends to increase the local neutral mass density at 400 km altitude, while the divergence in the meridional wind associated with the meridional ion‐drag force tends to transport the neutral mass density away from the geomagnetic equator which might contribute to the formation of the ETA trough. The vertical dynamics is modulated by the vertical forces including ion‐drag force and pressure gradient force acting on the neutrals, and the changing vertical dynamics can also feedback to vertical ion‐drag and pressure gradient forces, particularly near the geomagnetic equator. The daytime vertical ion‐drag force near the geomagnetic equator is generally upward, while the daytime vertical pressure gradient force near the geomagnetic equator is reduced at most times after adding in the electric fields at low and middle latitudes. Meanwhile, the sudden introduction of the electric fields at low and middle latitudes induces an acoustic wave.