bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taste perception and purchase intent of oil‐in‐water spreads: effects of oil types and salt (NaCl or KCl) concentrations
Authors: Cerrato Rodriguez Wilfredo Alejandro , Torrico Damir Dennis , Osorio Luis Fernando , Cardona Jorge , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon 
Published: June 2017

SummaryAssociations of sodium intake with heart‐related problems are creating awareness towards reducing sodium. Potassium chloride (KCl), a substitute for sodium chloride (NaCl), has the disadvantage of imparting bitterness at high concentrations. We evaluated physical characteristics, taste perception and purchase intent of KCl and NaCl in oil‐in‐water spreads/emulsions composed by olive, rice bran and soya bean oils. Consumers (N = 300) evaluated saltiness/bitterness of emulsions prepared with 65% oil, and NaCl (0.5% and 1.0%) or KCl (0.75% and 1.5%). Olive oil spreads (104.07–107.43 Pa s) had higher viscosity compared to other spreads (59.16–74.96 Pa s). Type of oil had significant effects on bitterness, overall taste liking and viscosity. Taste liking decreased due to bitterness of olive oil spreads (mean drop=1.72–2.43). Purchase intent was positively associated with saltiness and pH and increased with oil claims (increase = 1.3%–22.1%) compared to sodium claims (increase = 0.0%–12.9%). These findings are useful for understanding taste perception of emulsions.
Chemical composition, cooking quality, texture and consumer acceptance of pasta with Eruca vesicaria leaves
Authors: Bouacida Saoussen , Ben Amira Amal , Ben Haj Koubaier Hayet , Blecker Christophe , Bouzouita Nabiha 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this study, pasta with dried Eruca vesicaria leaves commonly known as Rocket salad and spinach leaves flours were prepared. Samples were evaluated for its chemical composition, cooking quality, textural, colour and consumer acceptance. Results showed that pasta with Eruca vesicaria had the highest dietary fibre content (5.30–9.50 g/100 g) and the lowest fat content (2.13–2.80 g/100 g). The optimally cooked pasta with 5% of leaves (stored 30 days) and pasta with 10% of leaves (stored 14 days) have good cooking quality with cooking loss ≤8%. The green colour and textural characteristics of pastas were stable during all period at 4 °C. Textural characteristics of pasta with rocket and spinach were similar. Pasta with 10% of rocket leaves has presented the highest overall acceptability score.
A single‐tube flow cytometric procedure for enhancing the diagnosis and prognostic classification of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Kárai B. , Bedekovics J. , Miltényi Zs. , Gergely L. , Szerafin L. , Ujfalusi A. , Kappelmayer J. , Hevessy Zs. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionWe created a simple and effective flow cytometry scoring system (FCSS) for suspected Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) samples and evaluated its diagnostic and prognostic potential.MethodsBesides evaluating the four parameters suggested by Ogata, we investigated erythroid precursors and mast cells. We evaluated the six‐parameterFCSSin a four‐color setting (test cohort: 51 patients; 25 controls), then we implemented it into an eight‐color setting and tested it on a validation cohort of patients withMDS(n=31).ResultsWhen we comparedMDScases to non‐MDSsamples in the test cohort, we detected significant differences regarding not only the four major parameters but also two additional ones, namelyCD71rCV% of erythroid precursors (P=.004) and mast cell percentage (MC%) (P=.001). The utilization of the modified six‐parameterFCSSprovided high sensitivity and specificity both in the four color (84% and 80%, respectively) and in the eight color (81% and 100%, respectively) setting, with an excellent discriminative power betweenMDSand non‐MDSsamples. Furthermore, we found significant difference in event‐free survival between the risk groups based on the modified six‐parameterFCSS(P=.001).ConclusionWe evaluated and validated a single‐tube flow cytometric procedure for a simple six‐parameterFCSSwhich has not only high diagnostic but also prognostic power.
Polyfunctional response by ImmTAC (IMCgp100) redirected CD8+ and CD4+ T cells
Authors: Boudousquie Caroline , Bossi Giovanna , Hurst Jacob M. , Rygiel Karolina A. , Jakobsen Bent K. , Hassan Namir J. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe success of immune system‐based cancer therapies depends on a broad immune response engaging a range of effector cells and mechanisms. Immune mobilizing monoclonal T cell receptors (TCRs) against cancer (ImmTAC™ molecules: fusion proteins consisting of a soluble, affinity enhanced TCR and an anti‐CD3 scFv antibody) were previously shown to redirect CD8+ and CD4+ T cells against tumours. Here we present evidence that IMCgp100 (ImmTAC recognizing a peptide derived from the melanoma‐specific protein, gp100, presented by HLA‐A*0201) efficiently redirects and activates effector and memory cells from both CD8+ and CD4+ repertoires. Using isolated subpopulations of T cells, we find that both terminally differentiated and effector memory CD8+ T cells redirected by IMCgp100 are potent killers of melanoma cells. Furthermore, CD4+ effector memory T cells elicit potent cytotoxic activity leading to melanoma cell killing upon redirection by IMCgp100. The majority of T cell subsets belonging to both the CD8+ and CD4+ repertoires secrete key pro‐inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor‐α, interferon‐γ, interleukin‐6) and chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α‐β, interferon‐γ‐inducible protein‐10, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1). At an individual cell level, IMCgp100‐redirected T cells display a polyfunctional phenotype, which is a hallmark of a potent anti‐cancer response. This study demonstrates that IMCgp100 induces broad immune responses that extend beyond the induction of CD8+ T cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. These findings are of particular importance because IMCgp100 is currently undergoing clinical trials as a single agent or in combination with check point inhibitors for patients with malignant melanoma.
Ischemia‐responsive protein 94 is a key mediator of ischemic neuronal injury‐induced microglial activation
Authors: Tikamdas Rajiv , Singhal Sarthak , Zhang Ping , Smith Justin A. , Krause Eric G. , Stevens Stanley M. , Song Sihong , Liu Bin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNeuroinflammation, especially activation of microglia, the key immune cells in the brain, has been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. However, the dynamics and the potential mediators of microglial activation following ischemic neuronal injury are not well understood. In this study, using oxygen/glucose deprivation and reoxygenation with neuronal and microglial cell cultures as an in vitro model of ischemic neuronal injury, we set out to identify neuronal factors released from injured neurons that are capable of inducing microglial activation. Conditioned media (CM) from hippocampal and cortical neurons exposed to oxygen/glucose deprivation and reoxygenation induced significant activation of microglial cells as well as primary microglia, evidenced by up‐regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, increased production of nitrite and reactive oxygen species, and increased expression of microglial markers. Mechanistically, neuronal ischemia‐responsive protein 94 (Irp94) was a key contributor to microglial activation since significant increase in Irp94 was detected in the neuronal CM following ischemic insult and immunodepletion of Irp94 rendered ischemic neuronal CM ineffective in inducing microglial activation. Ischemic insult‐augmented oxidative stress was a major facilitator of neuronal Irp94 release, and pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase significantly reduced the ischemic injury–induced neuronal reactive oxygen species production and Irp94 release. Taken together, these results indicate that neuronal Irp94 may play a pivotal role in the propagation of ischemic neuronal damage. Continued studies may help identify Irp94 and/or related proteins as potential therapeutic targets and/or diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for managing ischemia‐associated brain disorders.
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Nurses' attitudes towards older people care: An integrative review
Authors: Rush Kathy L , Hickey Stormee , Epp Sheila , Janke Robert 
Published: June 2017

Aims and objectivesTo examine hospital nurses' attitudes towards caring for older adults and delineate associated factors contributing to their attitudes.BackgroundPopulation ageing is of international significance. A nursing workforce able to care for the ageing population is critical for ensuring quality older adult care. A synthesis of research related to nurses' attitudes towards older adult care is important for informing care quality and the nursing workforce issues.MethodsA systematic integrative review process guided the review. Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Medline databases were searched for primary research published between 2005–2017. A total of 1,690 papers were screened with 67 papers read in‐depth and eight selected for this review that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria.ResultsNurses' held coexisting positive and negative attitudes towards generic and specific aspects of older adult care. Negative attitudes, in particular, were directed at the characteristics of older adults, their care demands or reflected in nurses' approaches to care. Across jurisdictions, work environment, education, experience and demographics emerged as influences on nurses' attitudes.ConclusionThere is a paucity of research examining nurses' attitudes towards older adult care. The limited evidence indicates that attitudes towards older people care are complex and contradictory. Influences on nurses' attitudes need further study individually and collectively to build a strong evidence base. Interventional studies are needed as are the development of valid and reliable instruments for measuring nurses' attitudes towards older adult care.Relevance to clinical practiceBolstering postgraduate gerontological preparation is critical for promoting nurses' attitudes towards older adult care. Creating age‐friendly work environments, including appropriate resource allocation, is important to support older people care and facilitate positive nursing attitudes.
Additive effect of radiosensitization by 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose delays DNA repair kinetics and suppresses cell proliferation in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kawata Mayumi , Ogi Kazuhiro , Nishiyama Koyo , Miyamoto Sho , Nakagaki Takafumi , Shimanishi Makoto , Miyazaki Akihiro , Hiratsuka Hiroyoshi 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundIt has well known that, compared to normal cells, tumor cells have a different manner of energy metabolism, which influences the sensitivity of radiotherapy. However, whether inhibition of glycolysis enhances the efficacy of radiotherapy is a matter of debate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was to characterize whether the combination of radiotherapy with the glucose inhibitor 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (2‐DG) affected DNA repair kinetics.MethodsTo compare the synergistic effect of 2‐DG, we examined the cell survival after treatment with radiation, 2‐DG, and a combination of the two in five OSCC cell lines and one lip fibroblast cell line, determined using clonogenic survival assay. Changes in the protein levels of DNA repair kinetics such as PARP, Rad51, and Ku‐70 were analyzed by Western blotting. Then, using one of the five OSCC cell lines, we assessed the inhibition of xenograft tumor growth in vivo.ResultsWe found that 2‐DG with radiation induced significant inhibition of cell proliferation in cell line SAS (P<.01, one‐way ANOVA). Radiation treatment was associated with decreased expression of the DNA repair markers. In additional, combinational treatment with 2‐DG and radiation significantly inhibited the xenograft tumor growth compared to the control (P<.05), and treatment with 2‐DG or radiation alone.ConclusionsOur study suggests that 2‐DG has synergistic cytotoxic effects when combined with radiotherapy, which might lead to the design of an effective metabolic target therapy in vitro and in vivo.
Efficacy of Azithromycin and Compounded Atovaquone for Treatment of Babesia gibsoni in Dogs
Authors: Kirk S.K. , Levy J.K. , Crawford P.C. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundApproximately one‐third of dogs confiscated during dogfighting investigations are infected with Babesia gibsoni. Traditional management of B. gibsoni with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐screening, treatment with commercially available azithromycin and atovaquone, and PCR testing after 60 and 90 days is costly and impractical for large numbers of dogs at a time.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of an alternative protocol in which commercial atovaquone was replaced by compounded medication and PCR monitoring was initiated at 30 days after the end of treatment to decrease the total management time.MethodsProspective observational study. Forty‐two pit bull‐type dogs confiscated as part of an investigation of dogfighting, diagnosed with B. gibsoni infection, and judged to be suitable for adoption were treated with azithromycin (10 mg/kg PO q24h) and compounded atovaquone (13.4 mg/kg PO q8h with a fatty meal) for 10 days. PCR testing was repeated at 30 and 60 days after end of treatment if dogs with positive PCR tests at either time were tested at 90 days. Treatment was considered successful; 2 PCR tests 30 days apart were negative.ResultsTreatment was successful in 39 dogs (93%) as defined by 2 consecutive PCR‐negative test results 30 days apart. In 38 dogs (90%), PCR results were the same at 30 and 60 days.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUse of compounded atovaquone and a reduced monitoring period can reduce costs and holding times without compromising treatment efficacy. This more economical protocol can remove barriers to mass screening and management of B. gibsoni infections in dogfighting cases.
Selection on trait combinations along environmental gradients
Authors: Dwyer John M. , Laughlin Daniel C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPlant species are sorted into communities along environmental gradients. In this issue of the Journal of Vegetation Science, Schellenberger Costa et al. report how the means and dispersion of community trait distributions change with temperature, precipitation, soil nutrients and anthropogenic disturbance. We highlight the value of existing trait metrics for understanding habitat filtering and describe a new approach using trait covariance.
Primordial‐like enzymes from bacteria with reduced genomes
Authors: Ferla Matteo P. , Brewster Jodi L. , Hall Kelsi R. , Evans Gary B. , Patrick Wayne M. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe first cells probably possessed rudimentary metabolic networks, built using a handful of multifunctional enzymes. The promiscuous activities of modern enzymes are often assumed to be relics of this primordial era; however, by definition these activities are no longer physiological. There are many fewer examples of enzymes using a single active site to catalyze multiple physiologically‐relevant reactions. Previously, we characterized the promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity of Escherichia coli cystathionine β‐lyase (CBL). Now we have discovered that several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, but contain metC (encoding CBL). We characterized the CBL enzymes from three of these: Pelagibacter ubique, the Wolbachia endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster (wMel) and Thermotoga maritima. Each is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. However, we also show that CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Instead, the wMel and T. maritima enzymes are physiologically bi‐functional alanine/glutamate racemases. They are not highly active, but they are clearly sufficient. Given the abundance of the microorganisms using them, we suggest that much of the planet's biochemistry is carried out by enzymes that are quite different from the highly‐active exemplars usually found in textbooks. Instead, primordial‐like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining.
Variation in host preferences of malaria mosquitoes is mediated by skin bacterial volatiles
Authors: BUSULA A. O. , TAKKEN W. , DE BOER J. G. , MUKABANA W. R. , VERHULST N. O. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe host preferences of the anthropophilic mosquito species in the Anopheles gambiae complex (Diptera: Culicidae) are mediated by skin bacterial volatiles. However, it is not known whether these mosquitoes respond differentially to skin bacterial volatiles from non‐human host species. In this study, the responses of two malaria mosquito species in the An. gambiae complex, Anopheles gambiae s.s. (hereafter, An. gambiae) and Anopheles arabiensis, with different host preferences, to volatiles released from skin bacteria were tested. Skin bacteria collected from human, cow and chicken skin significantly increased trap catches; traps containing bacteria collected from human skin caught the highest proportions of An. gambiae and An. arabiensis. Traps with bacteria of human origin caught a significantly higher proportion of An. gambiae than of An. arabiensis, whereas bacterial volatiles from the chicken attracted significantly higher numbers of An. arabiensis than of An. gambiae. Additionally, An. gambiae showed a specialized response to volatiles from four specific bacteria, whereas An. arabiensis responded equally to all species of bacteria tested. Skin bacterial volatiles may therefore play important roles in guiding mosquitoes with different host preferences. The identification of these bacterial volatiles can contribute to the development of an odour blend that attracts mosquitoes with different host preferences.
Modulation of tumor microenvironment by chemopreventive natural products
Authors: Park Sin‐Aye , Surh Young‐Joon 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment provides a niche in which cancer cells and their surrounding stromal cells reside and in which their interactions occur. The cross talk between cancer and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment promotes many biological processes to support cancer cell growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Recently, not only cancer cells but also multiple types of surrounding stromal cells, including endothelial cells, immune cells, and fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment, have been recognized to be attractive targets for reducing resistance to anticancer therapy and tumor recurrence. Many natural products present in fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices, and some marine organisms have been reported to inhibit, delay, or reverse multistage carcinogenesis and to inhibit the proliferation of cancerous cells and the self‐renewal capacity of preexisting cancer stem‐like cells. Some of these naturally occurring chemopreventive and anticarcinogenic substances can modulate the signal transduction involved in maintaining the activities/functions of stromal cells and their interactions with cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment.
The Impact of Health on Labour Force Participation in South Africa
Authors: Nwosu Chijioke O. , Woolard Ingrid 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper estimates the effect of self‐assessed health (SAH) on labour force participation (LFP) in South Africa. This is motivated by a high disease burden and declining LFP in South Africa during the study period. Data is sourced from the four waves of the National Income Dynamics Study. The results indicate a positive and significant effect of self‐reporting excellent, very good or good health on LFP (relative to fair or poor health). The effect is more pronounced for men relative to women. The result indicates that health policy can be a tool for significantly improving LFP in South Africa.
New Dancing Couple: PD‐L1 and MicroRNA
Authors: Grenda A. , Krawczyk P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLung cancer (LC) is the most common cause of cancer death in the world. A great challenge in treating NSCLC is the discovery of advanced, molecular tools to diagnose the disease in early stages as well as the development of immunotherapy. MicroRNAs are regulatory molecules (~20 nt in length) with the ability to regulate the expression of genes. The recently described PD‐1 and PD‐L1 molecules have great importance for potential use in immunotherapy of many cancers. These molecules are associated with immune checkpoints and provide an opportunity for the treatment of advanced NSCLC patients with synthetic monoclonal antibodies. PD‐L1 expression is strictly associated with microRNA function in lung cancer cells. The group of microRNAs related to PD‐L1 includes, among others, miR‐200, miR‐197 or miRNA‐34. Expression of these molecules may be useful in lung cancer diagnosis, qualification to anti‐PD‐1 or anti‐PD‐L1 antibody therapy and could be a potential therapeutic target. However, studies on PD‐L1‐related microRNAs are necessary to develop advanced targeted molecular therapies.
Protein Malnutrition Alters Tryptophan and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Homeostasis and Adaptive Immune Responses in Human Rotavirus-Infected Gnotobiotic Pigs with Human Infant Fecal Microbiota Transplant
Authors: Fischer David D. , Kandasamy Sukumar , Paim Francine C. , Langel Stephanie N. , Alhamo Moyasar A. , Shao Lulu , Chepngeno Juliet , Miyazaki Ayako , Huang Huang-Chi , Kumar Anand , Rajashekara Gireesh , Saif Linda J. , Vlasova Anastasia N. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTMalnutrition leads to increased morbidity and is evident in almost half of all deaths in children under the age of 5 years. Mortality due to rotavirus diarrhea is common in developing countries where malnutrition is prevalent; however, the relationship between malnutrition and rotavirus infection remains unclear. In this study, gnotobiotic pigs transplanted with the fecal microbiota of a healthy 2-month-old infant were fed protein-sufficient or -deficient diets and infected with virulent human rotavirus (HRV). After human rotavirus infection, protein-deficient pigs had decreased human rotavirus antibody titers and total IgA concentrations, systemic T helper (CD3+CD4+) and cytotoxic T (CD3+CD8+) lymphocyte frequencies, and serum tryptophan and angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2. Additionally, deficient-diet pigs had impaired tryptophan catabolism postinfection compared with sufficient-diet pigs. Tryptophan supplementation was tested as an intervention in additional groups of fecal microbiota-transplanted, rotavirus-infected, sufficient- and deficient-diet pigs. Tryptophan supplementation increased the frequencies of regulatory (CD4+or CD8+CD25+FoxP3+) T cells in pigs on both the sufficient and the deficient diets. These results suggest that a protein-deficient diet impairs activation of the adaptive immune response following HRV infection and alters tryptophan homeostasis.