bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATIVA DA EMISSÃO DE POLUENTES PELO TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO NO BAIRRO BURITIS EM BELO HORIZONTE/MG
Authors: Domingues Danieli Silva , Guimarães Felipe Silva 
Published: November 2017

<p>No Brasil, o transporte rodoviário é o segundo maior emissor de gases de efeito estufa provenientes de ações antrópicas, representando 7,8% do total, ficando atrás apenas do subsetor de mudanças no uso da terra e das florestas, com 76,3 % do total. O transporte público em Belo Horizonte utiliza o diesel como combustível, que quando queimado emite poluentes como o monóxido de carbono, óxidos de nitrogênio e material particulado. No bairro Buritis circulam diariamente 12 linhas de ônibus e para estimar a emissão mensal dos poluentes citados empregou-se o método "Bottom-up", utilizando-se dados como a idade média da frota para determinação dos fatores de emissão de cada poluente e a quilometragem mensal total percorrida nos limites do bairro. Os valores encontrados foram 148,54 kg/mês para o CO, 711,84 kg/mês para o NO<sub>x</sub> e 12,84 kg/mês para o MP. Estes resultados representam menos que 1% das emissões em Belo Horizonte e o esperado, considerando-se a área do bairro em relação a cidade, seria de pelo menos 1,15%. As emissões menores que as esperadas ocorreram provavelmente por apenas 0,63% do total da quilometragem mensal percorrida pelos ônibus em Belo Horizonte corresponder ao bairro Buritis. Neste contexto, sugeriu-se um estudo futuro de qualidade do ar local através de modelagem matemática para determinar a dispersão mensal destes poluentes emitidos no bairro e avaliar como o transporte público contribui com a mesma.</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>In Brazil, road transport is the second largest greenhouse gas emitter from human activities, representing 7.8% of the total, behind only the changes subsector in land use and forestry, with 76.3% of the total. Public transport at Belo Horizonte uses diesel as fuel, it emits pollutants when burned as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate material. In Buritis neighborhood circulate daily 12 bus lines and to estimate the monthly emissions of the said pollutants we used the method "Bottom-up", using data such as the average age of the fleet to determine the emissions of each pollutant factors and mileage total monthly traveled on the outskirts of the neighborhood. These values were 148.54 kg/month of CO, 711.84 kg/month of NOx and 12.84 kg/month of MP. These results represent less than 1% of emissions in Belo Horizonte and expected, considering the area of the neighborhood over the city, would be at least 1.15%. Lower emissions than expected probably occurred for only 0.63% of the total monthly mileage traveled by bus in Belo Horizonte match Buritis neighborhood. In this context, it was suggested a future study of local air quality through mathematical modeling to determine the monthly dispersion of these pollutants in the neighborhood and assess how public transport contributes to it.</p>
CONTROLADOR DE DEMANDA DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA UTILIZANDO REDES NEURAIS ARTIFICIAIS
Authors: Vieira Mateus Coelho , Lacerda Wilian Soares , Silva Joaquim Paulo da 
Published: November 2017

<p>Na atual situação mundial de escassez de recursos, a economia de energia elétrica tornou-se algo relevante. Sendo assim, a Universidade Federal de Lavras, com o objetivo de evitar a ultrapassagem da demanda de energia elétrica contratada, adquiriu um sistema controlador de demanda. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo melhorar o desempenho do controlador de demanda, otimizando, de forma inteligente e dinâmica, a prioridade de desligamento das cargas. Para isso, foram utilizadas técnicas de inteligência computacional para a criação de um sistema automatizado que aliado ao controlador de demanda possa obter um melhor desempenho. Foi desenvolvido um sistema de classificação da prioridade de cada carga, bem como um sistema de previsão da demanda de energia elétrica para os próximos 15 minutos. A metodologia empregada foi baseada em Redes Neurais Artificiais para o desenvolvimento dos dois sistemas computacionais trabalhando paralelamente. Através dos resultados obtidos em simulação verifica-se índices satisfatórios para o sistema de previsão e para o sistema de classificação. Conclui-se através dos resultados obtidos que o controlador de demanda, com a aplicação das técnicas de previsão e classificação, terá uma otimização do processo de desligamento das cargas.</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>In the current global situation of scarcity of resources, the saving of electric energy has become relevant. Therefore, the Federal University of Lavras, with the objective of avoiding the surpassing of contracted electric energy demand, acquired a demand controlling system. The present work had as objective to improve the performance of the demand controller, optimizing, intelligently and dynamically, the priority of load disconnection. For this, computational intelligence techniques were used to create an automated system that together with the demand controller can achieve better performance. A priority classification system for each load was developed, as well as a system for forecasting the demand for electricity for the next 15 minutes. The methodology used was based on Artificial Neural Networks for the development of the two computational systems working in parallel. The results obtained in the simulation showed satisfactory indexes for the prediction system and for the classification system. It is concluded through the results obtained that the demand controller, with the application of the forecasting and classification techniques, will have an optimization of the load disconnection process.</p>
IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF RICE STRAW-BASED RATIONS OF DAIRY COWS CONTAINING FERMENTED CONCENTRATE BY Saccharomyces cerevisiae AND Effective Microorganisms-4 (EM-4)
Authors: Hernaman Iman , Tarmidi Ana Rochana , Dhalika Tidi 
Published: November 2017

Concentrate was used to improve rice straw-based rations of dairy cows. Rejected foods can be used to formulate concentrate but it can contain unwanted materials. This research aimed to know the best of fermentation time and rations formulation. Research phase 1 was to observe nutrient and energy contents of concentrate fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and EM-4 at 0, 3, and 6 days. Phase 2 was to evaluate the use of the best fermented concentrate of the phase 1 to be used in the ration on in vitro rumen degradability using treatments as follows: 1) 50% rice straws + 50% concentrate, 2) 50% rice straws + 25 concentrate + 25% fermented concentrate, 3) 50% rice straws + 50% fermented concentrate. This study used completely randomized design and the collected data were analyzed by Contrast Orthogonal test. The results showed that crude protein (CP) increased but crude fiber (CF) and bruto energy decreased due to concentrate fermentation. A 3 day fermentation resulted in the highest (P<0.05) CP (14.48%) and the lowest CF (17.01%). The use of fermented concentrate at 50% in the ration resulted in the highest (P<0.05) digestibility of dry matter (63.68%) and organic matter (58.70%). It can be concluded that concentrate fermentation at 3 days by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Effective Microorganisms-4 (EM-4) was the best treatments. Its use in rice straws-based rations of dairy cows at 50% and result in the highest digestibility of dry matter and organic matter.
REGROWTH ABILITY OF ARBILA (Phaseolus lunatus L.) AFTER GRASSED AT DIFFERENT DOSAGE OF RHIZOBIUM INOCULANT AND AGE OF PLANT WHEN START GRAZED AT DRY LAND
Authors: Koten Bernadete Barek , Wea Redempta , Hadisutanto Bambang , Salli Maria Klara , Semang Agustinus 
Published: November 2017

The study was conducted to evaluate regrowth ability of arbila (Phaseolus lunatus L.) after grazed at different rhizobium inoculants dosage and age of plant to be grassed, have conducted during 6 month at Noelbaki village and Politani Kupang General Laboratory. Factorial design with 3 dose levels of rhizobium inoculants ei: I0 = without inoculant, I10 = 10 g/kg seed dan I20 = 20 g/kg seed) and 3 dose of initial grazing time ei: G20 = 20 days, G30 = 30 days, dan G40 = 40 days, and 3 replications. The variables were number of shoots (shoot, plants vitality (%), covered area (cm), space between crops (crops/ m2), and chlorophyll (mg/ml). Obtained data were tested using analysis of variance followed by Duncan test (Duncan’s new multiple range test / DMRT). Result shows that interaction between inoculant dose with crops’ age when grazed greatly influence the size of covered area (P<0.01), eventhough other variable not influence Duncan test showed, the most extensive covered area are shown by I10G30 (262 cm), I0G40 (126 cm), and I2G40 (123 cm). As single factor, inoculant dose only affect to the size covered area, which the most extensive is shown by I10, and crops’ age when grazed affect the number of shoots, vitality, size of covered area (cm) and space between crops (crops/ m2. It can be concluded, the interaction between inoculum dose and age of plant to be grassed was affecting the ability of regrowth of arbila, rhizobium inoculum caused arbila to withstand grazing stress, and arbila which is added inoculant 20 g/kg seed and were grazed at age 40 days can regrowth post grazed. It was concluded that the interaction between inoculum dose and age of plant to be grassed was affecting the ability of regrowth of arbila, rizobium inoculum caused arbila to withstand grazing stress, and rhizobium inoculum with dose of 20 g /kg of seed and started grazing at age 40 days which was most able to guarantee the regrowth of plant arbila post-shepherd.
Challenges in Ethiopian Teacher Education Pedagogy: Resistance Factors to Innovative Teaching-Learning Practices
Authors: Zewdu Abiy Agegnehu 
Published: November 2017

Quality is at the heart of any education and training system. It influences what trainees learn, how well they learn and what benefits they draw from their education and training. Whether a particular education and training system is of high or low quality can be judged in terms of input, output and process. Until recently, however, much discussion of educational quality has been centered on only system inputs in terms of the provision of teachers, educators, teaching materials and other facilities, and on output in terms of trainees’ achievement. Little or no attention is given to the teaching-learning process, the dimension which involves what really happens in the classroom. This study thus aims at finding out the extent to which innovative approach to teaching and learning are employed in the Ethiopian primary teacher training classrooms, to identify the factors that affect its implementation, and to recommend better ways and means for further improvement. In conclusion, the study found that traditional lecture methods, in which teachers talk and students listen, dominate most classrooms. The common obstacles to the employment of innovative methods of teaching as found out by this study are: the Ethiopian tradition of teaching, lack of institutional support, and learning resources, teachers’ lack of expertise, inappropriate curricular materials and student teachers’ lack of prior experience to actively participate in the teaching and learning process.
Planting Date Influence on Yield of Drought‐Tolerant Maize with Different Maturity Classifications
Authors: Mason Stephen , Galusha Tomie , Kmail Zaher 
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas
Planting date had no influence on maize grain yieid.Yield components varied across planting dates.Late‐maturity maize hybrids yielded more than early maturity maize hybrids.Maize grain yield was not influenced by drought tolerance type.
Planting date and selection of an appropriate hybrid are critical components in optimizing maize (Zea mays L.) yield. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of planting date on yield and yield components of DroughtGard maize hybrids with different maturity classifications as compared to a conventional maize hybrid. Planting date within year had no influence on maize yields of 10.8 Mg ha−1 in 2013 and 13.6 Mg ha−1 in 2014. Delayed planting reduced 100‐kernel weight by 4.1 to 6.0 g, and bulk density by 1.3 to 1.8 kg m3 in both years. Also, delayed planting reduced the number of ears m−2 by 0.7 in 2014, but had no effect in 2013. Delayed planting decreased kernel depth in 2013 by 0.7 mm, but increased depth by 0.6 mm in 2014. Maize grain yield was correlated with all yield components, but variation of correlation magnitude occurred among yield components across planting dates. The number of ears m−2 was relatively more important for early planted maize (R = 0.58** vs. R = 0.10) while the kernel weight (R = 0.45** vs. R = 0.09), kernel depth (R = 0.48** vs. R = 0.23**), and bulk density (R = 0.66** vs. R = 0.18) were relatively more important for late‐planted maize. No maize yield differences occurred between DroughtGard and conventional hybrids with similar maturity. Planting date had little influence on grain yields for maize following soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] due to grain yield component compensation effects.
Comparison of hybrid models for daily streamflow prediction in a forested basin
Authors: Li Xue , Sha Jian , Li You-meng , Wang Zhong-Liang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAccurate forecasting of daily streamflow is essential for water resource planning and management. As a typical non-stationary time series, it is difficult to avoid the effects of noise in the hydrological data. In this study, the wavelet threshold de-noising method was applied to pre-process daily flow data from a small forested basin. The key factors influencing the de-noising results, such as the mother wavelet type, decomposition level, and threshold functions, were examined and determined according to the signal to noise ratio and mean square error. Then, three mathematical techniques, including an optimized back-propagation neural network (BPNN), optimized support vector regression (SVR), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), were used to predict the daily streamflow based on raw data and wavelet de-noising data. The performance of the three models indicated that a wavelet de-noised time series could improve the forecasting accuracy. The SVR showed a better overall performance than BPNN and ANFIS during both the training and validating periods. However, the estimation of low flow and peak flow indicated that ANFIS performed best in the prediction of low flow and that SVR was slightly superior to the others for forecasting peak flow.
Common Paediatric Elbow Injuries
Authors: Hill Christopher E. , Cooke Stephen 
Published: November 2017

Background:Paediatric elbow injuries account for a large proportion of childrens’ fractures. Knowledge of common injuries is essential to understanding their assessment and correct management.Methods:A selective literature search was performed and personal surgical experiences are reported.Results:We have described the assessment and management of the five most common paediatric elbow injuries: supracondylar humeral fractures; lateral condyle fractures; medial epicondyle fractures; radial head and neck fractures; radial head subluxation.Conclusion:Understanding of the ossification centres around the paediatric elbow is essential to correctly assessing and managing the common injuries that we have discussed in the review. Outcomes after these injuries are usually favourable with restoration of normal anatomy.
Sequential Bilateral Total Hip Arthroplasty Through a Minimally Invasive Anterior Approach is Safe to Perform
Authors: Petridis Gerasimos , Nolde Martin 
Published: November 2017

Background:Sequential bilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) has the potential advantages of a single operative intervention with a single hospital stay, alongside reduced costs and total rehabilitation times. Its use has been limited, however, by a theoretical increase in perioperative complications.Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess functional outcomes and complications in patients undergoing sequential bilateral THA performed using anterior minimally invasive surgery (AMIS). We hypothesized that sequential bilateral THA yields favorable clinical outcome and is safe to perform.Methods:Two surgical centres conducted a retrospective observational analysis of 130 patients (77 females) with a mean age of 57 (range, 35-77) years, all of whom were treated by one surgeon and followed up for 24 months.Results:The mean length of hospital stay length was 8.4 (range, 6–18) days. The mean operative time was 162 (range, 92–185) minutes, the mean intraoperative blood loss was 499.1ml, and the mean preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels were 14.3 g/dl and 11.3 g/dl, respectively. No perioperative complications or deaths were recorded. The Harris Hip Score (HHS) improved from 44.5 ±13.7 preoperatively to 98.9 ± 1.0 at final follow-up. Also the High Activity Arthroplasty Score (HAAS) and the Questions on Life Satisfaction (FLZ) score improved significantly.Conclusion:This retrospective analysis suggests that, in selected patients, sequential bilateral THAviaan anterior minimally invasive approach appears to be a valid alternative to two-stage bilateral THA. Further studies are warranted.
The Use of Crowdsourcing and Social Media in Accounting Research
Authors: Ku Chih-Hao , Firoozi Maryam 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
In this study, we investigate the use of crowdsourcing websites in accounting research. Our analysis shows that the use of crowdsourcing in accounting research is relatively low, and these websites have been mainly used to collect data through surveys and for conducting experiments. Next, we compare and discuss papers related to crowdsourcing in the accounting area with research in computer science (CS) and information systems (IS), which are more advanced in using crowdsourcing websites. We then focus on Amazon Mechanical Turk as one of the most widely used crowdsourcing websites in academic research to investigate what type of tasks can be done through this platform. Based on our task analysis, one of the areas in accounting research that can benefit from crowdsourcing websites is research on social media content. Therefore, we then discuss how research in CS, IS, and crowdsourcing websites can help researchers improve their work on social media.
Effect of personality on oral health–related quality of life in undergraduates
Authors: Lin Feiou , Ye Yanling , Ye Shengjia , Wang Lan , Du Wulong , Yao Linjie , Guo Jing 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To evaluate the effects of personality traits and other variables on oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Chinese undergraduates aged 17 to 24 years with no history of orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 443 undergraduate students aged 17 to 24 years were selected and completed a two-section questionnaire: the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale Chinese version and the Oral Health Impact Profile–14 Chinese version (OHIP-14). Malocclusion severity was assessed via clinical examination using the dental health component (DHC) and esthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Severe dentofacial deformities that required orthognathic surgery were excluded.

Results:
The total and all dichotomized OHIP-14 dimensions correlated closely with the neuroticism personality traits (P &lt; .001). The total and some subscales of OHIP-14 were related with psychoticism. Women had higher OHIP-14 scores than men, especially in the normal occlusion group. Nevertheless, men with more severe malocclusions had higher scores that were similar to those of women. OHRQoL was significantly different between the major of dentistry and other majors.

Conclusions:
Personality affects comprehensive OHRQoL, and the most significant predictor is neuroticism. Female young adults have worse OHRQoL than male young adults, especially among those with mild malocclusion.
Reliability of three-dimensional anterior cranial base superimposition methods for assessment of overall hard tissue changes: A systematic review
Authors: Ponce-Garcia Cecilia , Lagravere-Vich Manuel , Cevidanes Lucia Helena Soares , de Olivera Ruellas Antonio Carlos , Carey Jason , Flores-Mir Carlos 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the available literature concerning the reliability of three-dimensional superimposition methods when assessing changes in craniofacial hard tissues.

Materials and Methods:
Four electronic databases were searched. Two authors independently reviewed potentially relevant articles for eligibility. Clinical trials, cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies that evaluated the reliability of three-dimensional superimposition methods on the anterior cranial base were included.

Results:
Six studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Four studies used the voxel-based registration method, one used the landmark-based method and one used the surface-based method. Regarding reliability, the voxel-based studies showed on average a difference of 0.5 mm or less between images. The optimized analysis using a six-point correction algorithm in the landmark-based method showed 1.24 mm magnitude of error between images.

Conclusions:
Although reliability appears to be adequate, the small sample size and high risk of bias among studies make available evidence still insufficient to draw strong conclusions.
Psychometric properties of the Canine Symptom Assessment Scale, a multidimensional owner-reported questionnaire instrument for assessment of physical symptoms in dogs with solid tumors
Authors: Giuffrida Michelle A. , Farrar John T. , Brown Dorothy Cimino 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe development and initial psychometric testing of the Canine Symptom Assessment Scale (CSAS), a multidimensional owner-reported questionnaire instrument, in a population of dogs with solid tumors enrolled in clinical trials.
DESIGN Questionnaire development and validation study.
ANIMALS 238 client-owned dogs with solid tumors.
PROCEDURES A 14-symptom questionnaire was developed. Symptoms were defined as subjective physical disturbances dogs experienced during the course of daily living as assessed through proxy reports of pet owners. For each symptom, owners reported frequency and severity of the symptom and extent of distress caused by the symptom for the dog and the owner. Questionnaire content, symptom prevalence and dimensionality, internal consistency, and factor structure were examined. Construct and criterion validity were examined via comparison with the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI).
RESULTS Symptom prevalence was high, with pain and lack of energy reported in most dogs. Severity, versus frequency, was most highly correlated with both dog and owner distress. Two symptoms were removed from consideration because of poor performance. Analysis of the remaining 12 symptoms revealed that they could be grouped into 3 factors: malaise, anxiety, and digestive upset. The CSAS factor and total scores demonstrated predictable relationships with quality of life and pain scores as measured by the CBPI, including a significant association between increasing symptom burden and decreasing quality of life. The Cronbach α for the CSAS was 0.77.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The 12-item CSAS was a psychometrically sound owner-reported instrument for assessment of symptom frequency and characteristics in client-owned dogs with solid tumors. Potential applications include clinical research and practice settings.