bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photonic topological insulators in femtosecond laser direct-written waveguides
Authors: Yan Wenchao , Zhang Bin , Chen Feng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTopological photonics attract significant interests due to their intriguing fundamental physics and potential applications. Researchers are actively exploring various artificial platforms to realize novel topological phenomena, which provides promising pathways for the development of robust photonic devices. Among these platforms, femtosecond laser direct-written photonic waveguides show unique ability to visualize intricate light dynamics in 2 + 1 dimensions, which rendering them ideal tools for investigating topological photonics. By integrating topological concepts into these waveguides, researchers not only deepen their understanding of topological physics but also provide potential methodology for developing advanced topological photonic integrated devices. In this review, we discuss recent experimental implementations of different topological phases within femtosecond laser direct-written photonic waveguides, as well as the fascinating physical phenomena induced by the interplay of topology with non-Hermiticity, nonlinearity and quantum physics are also introduced. The exploration of topological waveguide arrays shows great promise in advancing the field of topological photonics, providing a solid foundation for further research and innovation in this rapidly developing domain.
Mechanism and stereoselectivity in metal and enzyme catalyzed carbene insertion into X–H and C(sp2)–H bonds
Authors: Balhara Reena , Chatterjee Ritwika , Jindal Garima 
Published: October 2024

This review provides a mechanistic overview of asymmetric Fe, Cu, Pd, Rh, Au and heme-based enzymes catalyzed carbene insertion reactions to construct C–X (X = O, N, S, etc.) and C–C bonds, focusing on the stereochemical models.
Features of Swallowing Function in Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis: Preliminary Evidence Using Well-Tested Assessment Frameworks
Authors: Ambrocio Kevin Renz , Aggarwal Rohit , Lacomis David , Zhang Xingyu , Garand Kendrea L. (Focht) 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
Evidence surrounding swallowing impairment in sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM) is based on nonstandardized and nonvalidated assessment methods. We investigated (a) IBM's impact on swallowing function and oral intake status using well-tested assessment frameworks; (b) changes in swallowing over time; and (c) age, sex, and swallowing impairment severity's influence on oral intake status.

Method:

We conducted a secondary analysis of Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP) and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) data from 13 patients with IBM (seven females;
M
age
= 60.2 [±13.6] years) and 13 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We compared MBSImP Overall Impression (OI), Oral Total (OT), Pharyngeal Total (PT), and FOIS scores between groups. Specific to the IBM cohort, we analyzed repeated OT and PT scores and calculated whether age, sex, and OT and PT scores predicted FOIS scores.

Results:

The IBM cohort demonstrated poorer OI scores across six swallowing components than healthy controls (each
p
< .05). Unlike OT scores (
p
= .84), PT (
p
= .033) and FOIS (
p
< .001) scores were worse in the IBM cohort. Repeated OI scores revealed changes in three swallowing components (each
p
< .05), but repeated OT (
p
= .16) and PT (
p
= .30) scores did not significantly change. Age, sex, and OT and PT scores did not influence FOIS scores (each
p
> .05).

Conclusions:
Pharyngeal impairments were most prominent in the IBM cohort, and their oral intake status was adversely affected. Our preliminary data showcase the application of robust assessment methods to investigate swallowing function in IBM, enhancing standardization and comparability across studies.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27165450
Performance measurement in railway remote driving implementations
Authors: Urassa Patrick , Olsson Nils O. E. , Lau Albert , Mandhaniya Pranjal , Andersen Bjørn 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRemote driving, a well‐matured technology in various industries, is relatively new to the railway sector but appears to be a promising solution for achieving advanced automation, especially for conventional trains. The shift from traditional in‐cab driving to automated train operation, especially remote operations is a complex and ongoing process, with laboratory and field tests being conducted to examine its viability. This transition presents numerous areas that require further investigation and development. This study delves into these unexplored areas, examining various metrics that could be pivotal during the introduction of railway remote driving. The research adopts a mixed‐method approach, employing a triangulation technique in data collection to address the research question on performance indicators for railway remote driving. Through an extensive literature review, benchmarking, and expert surveys, the study pinpoints several performance indicators crucial for assessing the operational effectiveness of remote railway operations. The developed indicators were validated using the two‐round Delphi method, with 9 out of 13 being deemed essential by the panel of experts. The list of these indicators is the key finding in the study. They are: latency, data transfer rate, cybersecurity measures, video quality and camera stability, perception, system integration, permanent connection check, driver vitality check, and organizational aspects. The study contributes to filling the existing research gap and serve as a cockpit or instrumental panel in the implementation of remote operations, thus facilitating the transition towards more automated and remotely operated systems.
Numerical study on role of foot of a flue organ pipe: relative phases in oscillations among pipe, foot and jet
Authors: Ikoga Shiryu , Onomata Tatsuki , Tabata Ryoya , Iwagami Sho , Kobayashi Taizo , Takahashi Kin’ya 
Published: October 2024

Recent numerical studies showed that the foot of flue organ pipes closed at one end acts as a Helmholtz resonator and influences the acoustic oscillation in the pipe. Namely, the relative phase of oscillations between the pipe and foot changes depending on the resonance frequency of the foot. This fact can be explained by the theory of forced harmonic oscillators, in which the pipe works as a force driving the foot. However, in the damping-controlled regime, in which the resonance frequency of the foot, fH, is nearly equal to the frequency of acoustic oscillation, fa, the amplitude of the acoustic oscillation is smaller than those in the mass-controlled regime fH < fa and the stiffness-controlled regime fH > fa, even though the pressure oscillation in the foot lags behind that in the pipe by π/2. In this paper, to investigate this problem and to explore the role of the foot in detail, using a three-dimensional model of a closed flue organ pipe, we numerically investigate the relative phases among the pressure oscillation in the pipe, that in the foot and the jet velocity. We conclude that total balance among them is crucial for sustaining acoustic and fluid oscillations in the sound generation process. The oscillating jet drives the pipe with appropriate timing to sustain the acoustic oscillation for the stiffness-controlled and mass-controlled regimes. In contrast, the jet inefficiently drives the pipe with inappropriate timing for the damping-controlled regime.
Improvement of Bone Metabolism in Prepubertal Girls with Turner
Syndrome Following Long-term Pegylated Growth Hormone Treatment
Authors: Gao Xinying , Cao Bingyan , Chen Jiajia , Liu Meijuan , Peng Yaguang , Gong Chunxiu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study aims to assess the improvement in bone metabolism in prepubertal girls
with Turner Syndrome (TS) after long-term polyethylene glycol recombinant human
Growth Hormone (PEG-rhGH) treatment. A 12-month longitudinal prospective study
was conducted with 28 prepubertal girls diagnosed with TS. Participants were
divided into two groups: 18 received PEG-rhGH therapy (0.1–0.25 mg/kg/week) and
10 did not. Anthropometric measurements, bone turnover markers (BTMs), and serum
levels of IGF-1, calcium, and phosphate were collected at baseline and after 12
months. BTMs included bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), Type I collagen
propeptide (CICP), Type I collagen telopeptide (CTX), and fibroblast growth
factor 23 (FGF23). After 12 months of PEG-rhGH therapy, the treatment group
showed significant increases in growth velocity (GV) and height standard
deviation scores (HtSDS). Serum IGF-1 levels increased rapidly within one month
and remained elevated. BTMs indicated enhanced bone formation, significantly
increasing BAP and CICP, while CTX levels remained low. FGF23 levels initially
rose slightly but declined below baseline by 12 months. Elevated blood phosphate
levels were observed. PEG-rhGH therapy in children with TS significantly
improves linear growth and enhances bone formation markers, benefiting bone
metabolism.
Successful Regenerative Endodontic Therapy of a Dens Evaginatus Mandibular Second Premolar with an Acute Apical Abscess and Extensive Periapical Bone Loss: A Case Report
Authors: DeMayo Francesco J. , Seagroves Jackson T. , Komabayashi Takashi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRegenerative endodontics is a rapidly growing field within dentistry that aims to replace damaged tooth structures and cells of the pulp–dentin complex. This case report presents the successful management of an immature permanent second mandibular premolar with an acute apical abscess and extensive apical bone loss caused by a dens evaginatus. This tooth was unexpectedly treated with long-term calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) that was replenished several times over 6 months. During the treatment process, this tooth became reinflamed developing a chronic apical abscess after resolution of the initial acute apical abscess, which resulted in the replacement and prolonged use of Ca(OH)2. The final regenerative procedures were completed using a bioceramic fast set putty placed directly over the blood clot and an occlusal composite restoration. At the 6-month follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic with a fully healed radiographic lesion, new periodontal ligament, and the apex closed with thickening of the mesial and distal aspects of the root. At the 15-month follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic with continued evidence of radiographic development of the apical aspect of this tooth, displaying root end closure and thickening. This is a unique case report of the management of a complex infection process in an immature tooth with regenerative techniques with repeated and long-term use of Ca(OH)2. This novel report provides dental practitioners with a new potential protocol for the management of these immature cases with advanced periapical infections that require extensive disinfection to have successful outcomes.
Connecting the Dots on Female Digital Health Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Johnson Carol , Tafuto Barbara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIdentified barriers to care for common, chronic conditions that impact millions of females suggest that patient education is critical to improving the care experience, expediting a diagnosis, and elevating outcomes. This article aims to understand the efficacy of digital patient education interventions on patient outcomes, specifically those addressing common causes of chronic abnormal uterine bleeding, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and endometriosis. We queried MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for articles published in English between January 1, 2014, and May 1, 2024, on digital patient education and urogenital diseases. The search identified 260 articles, 247 of which were retrieved for title and abstract review, 27 of which were retrieved for full-text review, and 25 of which were excluded. Two studies were included in this review. Both studies were individual-/community-level interventions involving digitally delivered patient education. Participants had received a diagnosis and were engaged in accessing care when enrolled, and each study was conducted at a single site. Both interventions produced positive results. Despite the potential of digital health education to improve patient outcomes, limited research in this field underscores the need for further studies to validate interventions and address gaps in knowledge.
Management of Multiligament Knee Injuries Using Anatomic Autograft Reconstructions: A Case Series
Authors: Guerot Maxime , Boukebous Baptiste , Chanteux Lucas , Bouhali Haroun , Rousseau Marc-Antoine , Maillot Cédric 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile proven effective management of multiligament knee injury (MLKI) using allograft is often reported, it has shown an increased risk for graft failure compared with autograft and raises availability and cost issues. Osseous stock preservation and tunnel convergence avoidance led us to develop a compromise innovative surgical procedure using only ipsilateral autograft for anatomic reconstruction of Schenck III-L or higher MLKI. We report the description and early outcomes of our initial experience. Our strategy consisted of an anatomic single-bundle posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with quadriceps tendon autograft and a “Versailles” reconstruction for the posterolateral corner, which we modified to reconstruct the anterolateral ligament in case of anteromedial rotatory instability, called “full lateral.” A second-stage surgery was planned for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using a bone–patellar tendon–bone autograft. Outcomes were Lysholm, Tegner, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores for functional status, Short Form 12 (SF-12) for quality of life, and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Complications, full weight-bearing, return to work, and sport were also computed. Between March 2019 and August 2020, 10 patients were included. At follow-up, light pain was found in nine patients with a mean VAS of 1.2 ± 2.16 during the day. The mean Lysholm, Tegner, and subjective IKDC scores were good, with 61.2 ± 20.6, 2.8 ± 2.1, and 52.6 ± 20.4, respectively. However, quality of life was altered with poor SF-12 scores. In our first 10 patients with Schenck III-L or higher MLKI, our procedure using only ipsilateral autograft enabled correct daily knee functional activities while preserving osseous stock.
Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Management of Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Feldman Andrew , Weaver Joshua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDisorders of the somatosensory nervous system that cause neuropathic pain are treated in a variety of ways. Herein, we introduce a stepwise approach to treating neuropathic pain. We then summarize the available data and guidelines for treating neuropathic pain, both with pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods, and provide a synthesized algorithm highlighting the similarities and differences between recent guidelines on the management of neuropathic pain. Pharmacologic treatments are primarily antiseizure medications (e.g., gabapentinoids, sodium channel blockers) and antidepressant medications (e.g., tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), though other medications and interventional pharmacologic therapies can also be considered. There are a wide variety of nonpharmacologic treatments for neuropathic pain including neuromodulation, nerve stimulation, physiotherapy, movement therapies, lifestyle modification, nutritional supplements, acupuncture, and mind–body techniques.
A new analytical procedure to replace the outdated Weende proximal feed ingredient analysis paradigm is long overdue
Authors: Pesti Gene M. 
Published: October 2024

Context Proximate analysis is also called the Weende method. It has been the standard used for describing the chemical composition of feed ingredients for the past 150+ years. Understanding of the chemical composition of feeds has changed greatly in that time. Most of the current terms used for proximate analyses are unclear and misleading: (1) Crude protein, nitrogen × 6.25 describes true protein plus any other nitrogen-containing compounds including nucleotides and even phospholipids. (2) Crude fibre represents approximately half of the true fibre in most ingredients, but only approximately one-seventh of the fibre in important ingredients like soybean meal. (3) Ether Extract represents the neutral lipids in ingredients but little of the polar lipids like the lecithins. (4) The Nitrogen-free Extract is not an extract at all. It is supposed to represent starch in feed, but it contains large proportions of pectin, hemicellulose and even some cellulose. It reflects the error in Crude Fibre. Inadequacies of the Weende system have been known for a very long time. Animal producers desire to embrace modern technology and adapt more precise feeding techniques. Aims This paper explains how 19th century chemistry relates to 21st century understandings of feed composition and proposes an updated method of feed ingredient analysis. Methods A new method of describing feed composition based on 13 modern chemical categories was conceived and called the ‘Armidale Method’, to distinguish it from the Weende method. The new feed chemical category method was used to compile a preliminary database based on: moisture, sugars, oligosaccharides, starch, pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, ash, neutral lipids, polar lipids, true protein, and nonprotein nitrogenous compounds. Key results Composition values for 26 ingredients compiled from three sources averaged 1032.0 ± 49.5 g/kg, comparable to the theoretical 1000 g/kg. Conclusions The Armidale Method of analyses could be the starting point for discussions of new standardised procedures for ingredient trade and feed formulation. Implications It is time for producers, in conjunction with nutritionists and analytical chemists, to explore the best ways to represent the composition of feed ingredients for feeding value and trade.
Projected meaning in English and French
Authors: Troughton Faye 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study offers a reanalysis of embedded exclamative constructions as true exclamative, and even as mirative,
items. Through a quantitative study of the constructions and the verbs that licence them in English and French, it is demonstrated
that not only do these embedded constructions resemble their non-embedded counterparts, their conventional meaning is not
over-ruled by a matrix clause but rather projected by it.
The mass/count distinction in nouns for foodstuffs
Authors: Geist Ljudmila 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Languages show variation in the encoding of plurality in the domain of foodstuffs. Some foodstuffs are lexicalized
by singular mass nouns (e.g., garlic) and others by plural count nouns (e.g., beans). In the
paper it is argued on the basis of German and Russian that there is no difference in meaning between these two forms: both denote
aggregates as clusters of objects. Since objects are built into clusters, they are inaccessible for counting and both types of
nouns uniformly behave like mass nouns. Such a uniform behavior would be unexplainable if these forms differed in meaning and the
plural form were a regular count plural. This investigation suggests that two types of plural have to be distinguished: the mass
aggregate plural, which indicates a clustered plurality of objects, and the count plural, which designates sets of disjoined
objects. Regular plural markers may in principle be ambiguous between these two interpretations. However, if a plural marker is
attached to a singulative or unit-denoting morpheme of a noun, the plural is unambiguously interpreted as count plural. The mass
aggregate plural may receive a special morphological marking in some languages, as in Russian.
When do people dislike self-enhancers?
Authors: Weber Valentin , Mercier Hugo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Self-enhancing statements can provide useful information. Why do we resent those who make them? We suggest that
the resentment comes from a broader claim of superiority that self-enhancing statements can imply. In three experiments, we
compared one condition, designed such that the self-enhancing claim would be perceived as a claim of superiority, to three
conditions providing different contextual reasons for why the self-enhancing claim might not be a claim of superiority. In those
conditions the self-enhancing claim is either called for, addressed to someone who performs better than the self-enhancer, or
addressed to someone who doesn’t compete in the domain mentioned of the self-enhancing claim. The results show that participants
disliked the self-enhancer more and were more likely to deem the self-enhancing claim to be a brag when the self-enhancing claim
was manipulated to be a claim of superiority.
Demonstrative this/that and gestures
Authors: Pan Shiwen , Ge Yunfeng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper addresses the unresolved question of whether demonstrative this/that and their
accompanying gestures serve the same function. By utilizing Langacker’s notion of Current Discourse Space (CDS) and
integrating gesture studies and frame semantics, this research models the entire process of demonstrative use and points to the
distinct roles that demonstratives and gestures play in each usage event. The findings reveal that their functions are indeed
different: the gesture (gazing) initially singles out an entity as a target, followed by the demonstratives encoding it
phonetically. Subsequently, the demonstratives evoke the initiation of a targeting act by the hearer, and the gesture (pointing)
specifically identifies the entity during the decoding process. Based on the notion of distinguishing role and
value, this study proposes that the semantic content (‘target’) encoded by demonstratives is the
role (‘element’) within the viewing (attention)-target event frame, rather than its
value (‘entity’). This principle applies to both exophoric and anaphoric contexts, providing a unified
conceptual foundation for the function of demonstratives. In the light of these findings, the article also offers novel
perspectives on the function of demonstratives as grounding elements, contributing to a deeper understanding of their role in
communication.
Japanese unnun as a meta-discourse placeholder
Authors: Seraku Tohru 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Previous studies have described a range of placeholder (PH) items. A PH fills in the grammatical slot of a target that a speaker is unable or unwilling to produce. This paper argues that Japanese unnun, an expression wholly underdescribed in the literature, serves as a PH and that it may also be used as a general extender (GE). Unlike previously known PHs, unnun is regarded as a ‘meta-discourse’ PH; it replaces a discourse segment, rather than a linguistic form. I develop a cognitive-pragmatic account in Relevance theory, arguing that unnun encodes procedural meaning and that the PH and GE functions emerge through interaction among encoded meaning, pragmatic principles, and contextual assumptions. Further, the account situates unnun in the broader picture of vague language in a theoretically coherent manner. I also suggest that some of the previously described PHs in other languages may be re-classified as meta-discourse PHs.