bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxygen-Inducible Conversion of Lactate to Acetate in Heterofermentative Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 367
Authors: Guo Tingting , Zhang Li , Xin Yongping , Xu ZhenShang , He Huiying , Kong Jian 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus brevis
is an obligatory heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium that produces high levels of acetate, which improve the aerobic stability of silages against deterioration caused by yeasts and molds. However, the mechanism involved in acetate accumulation has yet to be elucidated. Here, experimental evidence indicated that aerobiosis resulted in the conversion of lactate to acetate after glucose exhaustion in
L. brevis
ATCC 367 (GenBank accession number
NC_008497
). To elucidate the conversion pathway,
in silico
analysis showed that lactate was first converted to pyruvate by the reverse catalytic reaction of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); subsequently, pyruvate conversion to acetate might be mediated by pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) or pyruvate oxidase (POX). Transcriptional analysis indicated that the
pdh
and
pox
genes of
L. brevis
ATCC 367 were upregulated 37.92- and 18.32-fold, respectively, by oxygen and glucose exhaustion, corresponding to 5.32- and 2.35-fold increases in the respective enzyme activities. Compared with the wild-type strain, the transcription and enzymatic activity of PDH remained stable in the Δ
pox
mutant, while those of POX increased significantly in the Δ
pdh
mutant. More lactate but less acetate was produced in the Δ
pdh
mutant than in the wild-type and Δ
pox
mutant strains, and more H
2
O
2
(a product of the POX pathway) was produced in the Δ
pdh
mutant. We speculated that the high levels of aerobic acetate accumulation in
L. brevis
ATCC 367 originated mainly from the reuse of lactate to produce pyruvate, which was further converted to acetate by the predominant and secondary functions of PDH and POX, respectively.

IMPORTANCE
PDH and POX are two possible key enzymes involved in aerobic acetate accumulation in lactic acid bacteria (LAB). It is currently thought that POX plays the major role in aerobic growth in homofermentative LAB and some heterofermentative LAB, while the impact of PDH remains unclear. In this study, we reported that both PDH and POX worked in the aerobic conversion of lactate to acetate in
L. brevis
ATCC 367, in dominant and secondary roles, respectively. Our findings will further develop the theory of aerobic metabolism by LAB.
Genome Sequence of a Novel Reassortant and Very Virulent Strain of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus
Authors: Lee Hyun-Jeong , Jang Il , Shin Sun-Hwa , Lee Hee-Soo , Choi Kang-Seuk 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
Here, we report the complete coding genome sequence of a novel reassortant and very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), designated JBN2011. Characterization of the JBN2011 genome suggests that it is a rare recombinant virus having a very virulent IBDV segment A and a Bursine-2-like attenuated IBDV segment B.
Complete Genome Sequence of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus from Lanzhou, China
Authors: Zhu Chuanfeng , Fu Shengfang , Zhou Xv , Yu Li 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
A complete genome of human respiratory syncytial virus was sequenced and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the full-length human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) genome sequence belongs to gene type NA1. We sequenced the genome in order to create the full-length cDNA infectious clone and develop vaccines against HRSV.
Genome Sequences of Escherichia coli Strains That Cause Persistent and Transient Mastitis
Authors: Thacker Tyler C. , Lippolis John D. , Brunelle Brian W. , Casey Thomas A. , Reinhardt Timothy A. , Sacco Randy E. , Holman Devin B. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the genome sequences of two strains of
Escherichia coli
(ECA-B and ECC-M) that cause bovine mastitis. These strains are known to be associated with persistent and transient mastitis; strain ECA-B causes a transient infection, and ECC-M leads to a persistent infection.
Genetic Characterization of an Avian Influenza Virus H4N6 Strain Isolated from a Guangxi Pockmark Duck
Authors: Xie Liji , Xie Zhixun , Wu Aiqiong , Luo Sisi , Zhang Minxiu , Huang Li , Xie Zhiqin , Huang Jiaoling , Zhang Yanfang , Zeng Tingting , Deng Xianwen 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
An H4N6 subtype avian influenza virus was isolated from a pockmark duck in southern China in November 2013 and named A/duck/Guangxi/149D24/2013 (H4N6). All eight gene segments of the strain were sequenced. Sequence analysis indicated that this H4N6 virus was a natural reassortant virus. This H4N6 virus has two basic amino acids in the cleavage site of hemagglutinin 1 (HA1) and HA2, and the amino acid motif of cleavage site was PEKASRGLF, which is the typical characteristic of the low-pathogenic avian influenza virus. This study will help understand the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of avian influenza virus in pockmark ducks.
Complete Genome Sequence of Porcine Deltacoronavirus Strain CH/JXJGS01/2016, Isolated in Jiangxi Province, China, 2016
Authors: Zhang Min , Ye Yu , Gong Wang , Guo Nannan , Zhang Fanfan , Li Anqi , Zhou Xingrong , Huang Dongyan , Song Deping , Tang Yuxin 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
The complete genome sequence of a variant of porcine deltacoronavirus, isolated from a diarrheal piglet and designated CH/JXJGS01/2016, was sequenced and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that CH/JXJGS01/2016 shares the highest nucleotide and amino acid identities with the Chinese strain NH (GenBank accession number KU981059).
Genome Sequence of Pantoea ananatis Strain AMG 501, a Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium Isolated from Rice Leaves Grown in Paddies of Southern Spain
Authors: Megías Esaú , Reis Junior Fábio Bueno , Ribeiro Renan Augusto , Ollero Francisco Javier , Megías Manuel , Hungria Mariangela 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Pantoea ananatis
AMG 501 is a plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from rice leaves. Its genome was estimated at 5,102,640 bp with 4,994 coding sequences, encompassing genes related to the metabolism of carbohydrates, to the synthesis of auxins, siderophores, and homoserine lactones, and to the type I, II, III, IV, and VI secretion systems.
Complete Sequence of a Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex 81 Strain, the Dominant Lineage in Food Poisoning Outbreaks in Japan
Authors: Sato’o Yusuke , Hisatsune Junzo , Hirakawa Hideki , Ono Hisaya K. , Omoe Katsuhiko , Sugai Motoyuki 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
No. 10 is an isolate from a staphylococcal food poisoning outbreak in Japan, classified as clonal complex 81 subtype 1. It preferentially produces larger quantities of staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) and staphylococcal enterotoxin H (SEH) in foods and media. Here, we report the complete annotated genome sequence of the chromosome and a plasmid.
Genome Sequence of Clostridium botulinum Strain Adk2012 Associated with a Foodborne Botulinum Case in Tottori, Japan, in 2012
Authors: Asakura Hiroshi , Yamamoto Shiori , Momose Yoshika , Kato Haru , Iwaki Masaaki , Shibayama Keigo 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here a draft genome sequence of
Clostridium botulinum
Adk2012 responsible for a foodborne botulism case that occurred in Tottori, Japan, in 2012. Its genome size was 2,904,173 bp, with 46 rRNAs and 54 tRNAs, at a coverage of 14.5×.
Draft Genome Sequences of Two Unclassified Bacteria,
Hydrogenophaga
sp. Strains IBVHS1 and IBVHS2, Isolated from Environmental Samples
Authors: Orr Russell J. S. , Rombauts Stephane , Van de Peer Yves , Shalchian-Tabrizi Kamran 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequences of
Hydrogenophaga
sp. strains IBVHS1 and IBVHS2, two bacteria assembled from the metagenomes of surface samples from freshwater lakes. The genomes are >95% complete and may represent new species within the
Hydrogenophaga
genus, indicating a larger diversity than currently identified.
Draft Genome Sequences of Two Unclassified Bacteria,
Sphingomonas
sp. Strains IBVSS1 and IBVSS2, Isolated from Environmental Samples
Authors: Orr Russell J. S. , Rombauts Stephane , Van de Peer Yves , Shalchian-Tabrizi Kamran 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequences of
Sphingomonas
sp. IBVSS1 and IBVSS2, two bacteria assembled from the metagenomes of surface samples from freshwater lakes. The genomes are >99% complete and may represent new species within the
Sphingomonas
genus, indicating a larger diversity than currently identified.
Ecological Therapeutic Opportunities for Oral Diseases
Authors: Hoare Anilei , Marsh Philip D. , Diaz Patricia I. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThe three main oral diseases of humans, that is, caries, periodontal diseases, and oral candidiasis, are associated with microbiome shifts initiated by changes in the oral environment and/or decreased effectiveness of mucosal immune surveillance. In this review, we discuss the role that microbial-based therapies may have in the control of these conditions. Most investigations on the use of microorganisms for management of oral disease have been conducted with probiotic strains with some positive but very discrete clinical outcomes. Other strategies such as whole oral microbiome transplantation or modification of community function by enrichment with health-promoting indigenous oral strains may offer more promise, but research in this field is still in its infancy. Any microbial-based therapeutics for oral conditions, however, are likely to be only one component within a holistic preventive strategy that should also aim at modification of the environmental influences responsible for the initiation and perpetuation of microbiome shifts associated with oral dysbiosis.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Therapeutic Potential for a Multitude of Diseases beyond
Clostridium difficile
Authors: Bakker Guido J. , Nieuwdorp Max 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

The human intestinal tract contains trillions of bacteria, collectively called the gut microbiota. Recent insights have linked the gut microbiota to a plethora of diseases, including
Clostridium difficile
infection (CDI), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is currently tested as a therapeutic option in various diseases and can also help to dissect association from causality with respect to gut microbiota and disease. In CDI, FMT has been shown to be superior to antibiotic treatment. For IBD, T2D, and NASH, several placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials are under way. Moreover, techniques and standardization are developing. With the extension of FMT as a treatment modality in diseases other than CDI, a whole new treatment option may be emerging. Moreover, correlating alterations in specific strains to disease outcome may prove pivotal in finding new bacterial targets. Thus, although causality of the gut microbiota in various diseases still needs to be proven, FMT may prove to be a powerful tool providing us with diagnostic and therapeutic leads.
Combining parenthood with a medical career: questionnaire survey of the UK medical graduates of 2002 covering some influences and experiences
Authors: Lambert Trevor W , Smith Fay , Goldacre Michael J 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesTo report the self-assessed views of a cohort of medical graduates about the impact of having (or wanting to have) children on their specialty choice and the extent to which their employer was supportive of doctors with children.SettingUnited Kingdom (UK).ParticipantsUK medical graduates of 2002 surveyed by post and email in 2014.ResultsThe response rate was 64.2% (2057/3205). Most respondents were living with a spouse or partner (86%) and, of these, 49% had a medical spouse. Having children, or wanting to have children, had influenced specialty choice for 47% of respondents; for 56% of doctors with children and 29% of doctors without children; for 59% of women and 28% of men; and for 78% of general practitioners compared with 27% of hospital doctors and 18% of surgeons. 42% of respondents regarded the National Health Service as a family-friendly employer, and 64% regarded their specialty as family-friendly. More general practitioners (78%) than doctors in hospital specialties (56%) regarded their specialty as family-friendly, while only 32% of surgeons did so.Of those who had taken maternity/paternity/adoption leave, 49% rated the level of support they had received in doing so asexcellent/good, 32% said it wasacceptableand 18% said the support had beenpoor/very poor.ConclusionsHaving children is a major influence when considering specialty choice for many doctors, especially women and general practitioners. Surgeons are least influenced in their career choice by the prospect of parenthood. Almost half of doctors in hospital specialties regard their specialty as family-friendly.
A patient cohort on long-term sequelae of sepsis survivors: study protocol of the Mid-German Sepsis Cohort
Authors: Scherag André , Hartog Christiane S , Fleischmann Carolin , Ouart Dominique , Hoffmann Franziska , König Christian , Kesselmeier Miriam , Fiedler Sandra , Philipp Monique , Braune Anke , Eichhorn Cornelia , Gampe Christin , Romeike Heike , Reinhart Konrad 
Published: August 2017

IntroductionAn increasing number of patients survive sepsis; however, we lack valid data on the long-term impact on morbidity from prospective observational studies. Therefore, we designed an observational cohort to quantify mid-term and long-term functional disabilities after intensive care unit (ICU)-treated sepsis. Ultimately, findings for the Mid-German Sepsis Cohort (MSC) will serve as basis for the implementation of follow-up structures for patients with sepsis and help to increase quality of care for sepsis survivors.Methods and analysisAll patients surviving ICU-treated sepsis are eligible and are recruited from five study centres in Germany (acute care hospital setting in Jena, Halle/Saale, Leipzig, Bad Berka, Erfurt; large long-term acute care hospital and rehabilitation setting in Klinik Bavaria Kreischa). Screening is performed by trained study nurses. Data are collected on ICU management of sepsis. On written informed consent provided by patients or proxies, follow-up is carried out by trained research staff at 3, 6 and 12 months and yearly thereafter. The primary outcome is functional disability as assessed by (instrumental) activities of daily living. Other outcomes cover domains like mortality, cognitive, emotional and physical impairment, and resource use. The estimated sample size of 3000 ICU survivors is calculated to allow detection of relevant changes in the primary outcome in sepsis survivors longitudinally.Ethics and disseminationThe study is conducted according to the current version of theDeclaration of Helsinkiand has been approved by four local/federal responsible institutional ethics committees and by the respective federal data protection commissioners. Results of MSC will be fed back to the patients and published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberGerman Clinical Trials Registry DRKS00010050.
Targeting palmitoyl acyltransferase ZDHHC21 improves gut epithelial barrier dysfunction resulting from burn-induced systemic inflammation
Authors: Haines R. J. , Wang C. Y. , Yang C. G. Y. , Eitnier R. A. , Wang F. , Wu M. H. 
Published: August 2017

Clinical studies in burn patients demonstrate a close association between leaky guts and increased incidence or severity of sepsis and other complications. Severe thermal injury triggers intestinal inflammation that contributes to intestinal epithelial hyperpermeability, which exacerbates systemic response leading to multiple organ failure and sepsis. In this study, we identified a significant function of a particular palmitoyl acyltransferase, zinc finger DHHC domain-containing protein-21 (ZDHHC21), in mediating signaling events required for gut hyperpermeability induced by inflammation. Using quantitative PCR, we show that ZDHHC21 mRNA production was enhanced twofold when intestinal epithelial cells were treated with TNF-α-IFN-γ in vitro. In addition, pharmacological targeting of palmitoyl acyltransferases with 2-bromopalmitate (2-BP) showed significant improvement in TNF-α-IFN-γ-mediated epithelial barrier dysfunction by using electric cell-substrate impedance-sensing assays, as well as FITC-labeled dextran permeability assays. Using acyl-biotin exchange assay and click chemistry, we show that TNF-α-IFN-γ treatment of intestinal epithelial cells results in enhanced detection of total palmitoylated proteins and this response is inhibited by 2-BP. Using ZDHHC21-deficient mice or wild-type mice treated with 2-BP, we showed that mice with impaired ZDHHC21 expression or pharmacological inhibition resulted in attenuated intestinal barrier dysfunction caused by thermal injury. Moreover, hematoxylin and eosin staining of the small intestine, as well as transmission electron microscopy, showed that mice with genetic interruption of ZDHHC21 had attenuated villus structure disorganization associated with thermal injury-induced intestinal barrier damage. Taken together, these results suggest an important role of ZDHHC21 in mediating gut hyperpermeability resulting from thermal injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Increased mucosal permeability in the gut is one of the major complications following severe burn. Here we report the novel finding that zinc finger DHHC domain-containing protein-21 (ZDHHC21) mediates gut epithelial hyperpermeability resulting from an experimental model of thermal injury. The hyperpermeability response was significantly attenuated with a pharmacological inhibitor of palmitoyl acyltransferases and in mice with genetic ablation of ZDHHC21. These findings suggest that ZDHHC21 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for treating burn-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction.
Medical Care Cost of Oropharyngeal Cancer among Texas Patients
Authors: Lairson David R. , Wu Chi-Fang , Chan Wenyaw , Dahlstrom Kristina R. , Tam Samantha , Sturgis Erich M. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background: The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer is rising rapidly, with the majority of cases being attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV). Despite the availability of a vaccine, rates of HPV vaccination among Texas youth are low. The healthcare cost of oropharyngeal cancer in Texas is unknown. The aims of this study were to estimate the first 2-year cost of treating new cases of oropharyngeal cancer and determine the predictors of oropharyngeal cancer treatment cost in Texas.
Methods: This study included a retrospective cohort of 467 Texas patients with commercial insurance claims data with oropharyngeal cancer diagnosed from 2011 to 2014 and a control group of 467 noncancer patients obtained with propensity score matching. Total healthcare cost during the first 2 years after the index date was measured. A generalized linear model was used to identify predictors of monthly cost during the 2 years after the index date.
Results: The mean differential adjusted healthcare cost for oropharyngeal cancer cases was $139,749 in the first 2 years. The mean adjusted monthly cost in the first 2 years was $6,693 for cases and $870 for controls. Age, comorbidity, mental health, prediagnostic healthcare cost, and time index were significant predictors of monthly cost.
Conclusions: Medical care cost was about $140,000 in the first 2 years after diagnosis of oropharyngeal cancer among commercially insured patients in Texas.
Impact: The cost estimates provide important parameters for development of decision-analytic models to inform decision makers about the potential value of initiatives for increasing the HPV immunization rate in the state. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(9); 1443–9. ©2017 AACR.
The Neddylation Inhibitor Pevonedistat (MLN4924) Suppresses and Radiosensitizes Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cells and Tumors
Authors: Vanderdys Vanessa , Allak Amir , Guessous Fadila , Benamar Mouadh , Read Paul W. , Jameson Mark J. , Abbas Tarek 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The cullin RING E3 ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4) with its substrate receptor CDT2 (CRL4-CDT2) is emerging as a critical regulator of DNA replication through targeting CDT1, SET8, and p21 for ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. The aberrant increased stability of these proteins in cells with inactivated CRL4-CDT2 results in DNA rereplication, which is deleterious to cells due to the accumulation of replication intermediates and stalled replication forks. Here, we demonstrate that CDT2 is overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and its depletion by siRNA inhibits the proliferation of human papilloma virus–negative (HPV-ve) HNSCC cells primarily through the induction of rereplication. Treatment of HNSCC with the NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor pevonedistat (MLN4924), which inhibits all cullin-based ligases, induces significant rereplication and inhibits HNSCC cell proliferation in culture and HNSCC xenografts in mice. Pevonedistat additionally sensitizes HNSCC cells to ionizing radiation (IR) and enhances IR-induced suppression of xenografts in mice. Induction of rereplication via CDT2 depletion, or via the stabilization or activation of CDT1, also radiosensitizes HNSCC cells. Collectively, these results demonstrate that induction of rereplication represents a novel approach to treating radioresistant HNSCC tumors and suggest that pevonedistat may be considered as an adjuvant for IR-based treatments. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(2); 368–80. ©2017 AACR.
See all articles in this MCT Focus section, “Developmental Therapeutics in Radiation Oncology.”
T790M-Selective EGFR-TKI Combined with Dasatinib as an Optimal Strategy for Overcoming EGFR-TKI Resistance in T790M-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Watanabe Satomi , Yoshida Takeshi , Kawakami Hisato , Takegawa Naoki , Tanizaki Junko , Hayashi Hidetoshi , Takeda Masayuki , Yonesaka Kimio , Tsurutani Junji , Nakagawa Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2017

AbstractT790M mutation–selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) have demonstrated clinical benefits in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring T790M mutation, which is the major cause of resistance to EGFR-TKI. However, their efficacy is limited, possibly due to the emergence of apoptosis resistance in T790M-positive NSCLC. We previously identified Src family kinases as cooncogenic drivers along with T790M and found that the Src inhibitor dasatinib combined with an irreversible or a preclinical T790M-selective EGFR-TKI enhanced antitumor activity in T790M-positive cells. In the current study, we evaluated the efficacy of dasatinib combined with the clinically relevant T790M-selective EGFR-TKI ASP8273 or osimertinib in EGFR mutation–positive NSCLC with or without T790M mutation. A cell viability assay revealed that dasatinib had synergistic effects with these TKIs in T790M-positive cells and simultaneously inhibited Src, Akt, and Erk, which remained activated upon single-agent treatment. Dasatinib also increased the rate of apoptosis in T790M-positive cells induced by T790M-selective EGFR-TKIs, as determined by the Annexin-V binding assay; this was associated with downregulation of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bcl-xL, a finding that was confirmed in mice bearing T790M-positive xenografts. Our results suggest that Bcl-xL plays a key role in the apoptosis resistance of T790M-positive NSCLC, and that dasatinib combined with clinically relevant T790M-selective EGFR-TKIs is potentially effective in overcoming resistance to first-generation EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC patients with acquired T790M. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(11); 2563–71. ©2017 AACR.