bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Hands to Words—Physiotherapists Experience of Delivering Online Exercise and Education for Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Bødtger Daniel , Simonÿ Charlotte , Tang Lars H. , Skou Søren T. , Holm Pætur M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLittle is known about delivering telehealth from a healthcare provider’s perspective.PurposeTo investigate physiotherapists’ (PTs) experiences in delivering live online exercise and education for people with knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThis was a qualitative individual interview study with a thematic analysis approach. The interviewees were six PTs delivering 8 weeks of supervised online exercise and education for people with knee OA in secondary public care in Denmark.ResultsThe three main themes were (1) From hands to words—on the transition from on‐site to on‐line physiotherapy, (2) Online selection—on the perceived barriers to managing a telehealth service and (3) Therapeutic relation under pressure—on the contextual difficulties in building relationships and alliances in online classes.ConclusionThe PTs in this study seemed to gradually come to terms with delivering first‐line OA care online, appreciating advantages and new possibilities. PTs’ initial apprehension towards this new form of physiotherapy service may be rooted in the traditional conception of physiotherapy as a predominantly manual profession but also in a lack of formal training in physiotherapy telehealth services. This study underlines the growing need for better and more formalised training in physiotherapy telehealth services to meet growing demands.
The effect of aging on the mechanical properties of bulk molding compound with different fiber lengths
Authors: Hsieh Tsung‐Han , Chang Ting‐Yu , Chen Chih‐Chia , Tsai Shang‐Nan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBulk molding compound (BMC) manufactured using fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) has attracted extensive attention and is widely used because of its capability to fabricate structures with complex shapes. This study investigated the effects of aging on the mechanical properties of BMC composites made using an epoxy matrix and discontinuous carbon fibers of varying lengths. Tensile, compressive, and flexural tests were conducted. The results showed that longer fibers did not necessarily increase the moduli and strengths of BMC composites due to stress concentrations resulting from the curling and entanglement of the longer fibers. When aged, BMC composites using shorter carbon fibers exhibited more significant reductions in moduli and strengths due to higher void contents, resulting in more severe matrix epoxy degradation. When comparing epoxy and BMC, BMC experienced greater reductions in moduli and strengths even though carbon fiber, a type of artificial fiber, should be less affected by aging. This is because aging not only degraded the matrix epoxy but also affected the adhesion between the fibers and the matrix, leading to a larger displacement of the fibers, resulting in a more severe reduction in the mechanical properties of the BMC composites.Highlights
BMC composites were manufactured using epoxy and discontinuous carbon fibers.
Longer fibers did not necessarily increase strengths due to entanglement.
BMC using shorter fibers had more voids and hence degraded more severely.
BMC showed greater strength reductions than epoxy due to matrix degradation.
Degradation of matrix epoxy affected the adhesion between fibers and matrix.
3D‐printed graphene‐reinforced composites: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Banupriya R. , Jeevan T. P. , Divya H. V. , Yashas Gowda T. G. , Manjunath G. A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is an innovative technology that allows for the construction of complex, three‐dimensional structures layer by layer using digital plans. This technology has transformed industries including as aerospace, automotive, healthcare, and consumer items by allowing for rapid prototyping, customization, and the manufacture of complex geometries. Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms organized in a hexagonal lattice, is well‐known for its superior electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as its great tensile strength. When graphene is mixed with composite materials, it greatly improves their mechanical and functional properties, resulting in composites with higher strength, conductivity, lower weight, and greater durability. The combination of 3D printing and graphene‐reinforced composites creates new opportunities for the production of high‐performance, application‐specific structures. This review identifies key advancements in the synthesis, processing, and application of these composites, while also addressing critical challenges such as material dispersion, scalability, and the impact of graphene on the 3D printing process itself. A significant conclusion of this review is the recognition that overcoming these challenges is not only feasible but essential for harnessing the full potential of 3D‐printed graphene‐reinforced composites across diverse industrial sectors. The unique contribution of this work lies in providing a comprehensive roadmap for future research, guiding efforts to bridge current gaps and drive innovation in this emerging field.
Family Caregivers of Cancer Patients: Burdens and Support Preferences of Partner, Parent and Adult‐Child Caregivers
Authors: Breuning Martina , Mählmann Sophia , Kerek‐Bodden Hedy , Oettlin Susanne , Weis Joachim 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study is to (1) identify similarities and differences in psychosocial burdens and support needs experienced by parent, partner and adult‐child caregivers and (2) identify support needs of family caregivers regarding peer support programs.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews (n = 30) were conducted with family caregivers of cancer patients. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed by inductive content analysis to identify themes.ResultsTen categories of burden were identified for all three groups of caregivers. Partners emphasized the time burden through caregiving, parents and adult‐child caregivers accentuated the emotional burden. All caregivers wished for peer‐to‐peer exchange which will provide the feeling not to be alone, to share emotions and to prepare for what will come next. Preferences for matching with peers with similar prognosis for their sick relative and similar living conditions were found.ConclusionsPartner, parent and adult‐child caregivers describe similar burdens of caregiving. They wish for peer support programs that allow them to share their experiences with persons who understand their situation. Therefore, caregivers desire a good match with peers to enhance the positive outcome of peer exchange.
5,7,3′,4′,5′‐Pentamethoxyflavone, a Flavonoid Monomer Extracted From Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, Alleviates Anxiety Through the A2AR/Gephyrin/GABRA2 Pathway
Authors: Ma Wenli , Sui Dayun , Sun Weilun , Yu Ping , Li Yuangeng , Guo Meiqi , Wang Huifeng , Zhang Xiaoze , Yu Xiaofeng , Fu Wenwen , Xu Huali 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe sedative and hypnotic properties of 5,7,3′,4′,5′‐pentamethoxyflavone (PMF), a monomer extracted from the leaves of Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, have been reported. However, the role of PMFs in the development of anxiety remains uncertain. An anxiety model was developed using chronic unpredictable mild stimulation (CUMS). Kunming mice were randomly allocated to the following groups: control, CUMS, PMF (50 mg/kg), PMF (100 mg/kg), and diazepam (3 mg/kg). The anxiolytic effects of PMFs were evaluated using elevated plus maze (EPM) test and open field test (OFT). Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to analyze the serum levels of corticosterone (CORT), 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the hippocampus. High‐throughput‐16S rRNA sequencing was performed to investigate its effect on the composition of the gut microbiota. Subsequently, western blotting was performed to assess the expression of GABAergic synaptic‐associated proteins. PMF effectively mitigated CUMS‐induced anxiety‐like behavior. Further examination revealed that PMF treatment ameliorated dysfunction of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and increased 5‐HT and GABA levels in the hippocampus. Notably, the ability of PMF to maintain the stability of GABAergic synapses by enhancing the species composition of the gut microbiota and acting on the adenosine a2a receptor (A2AR)/gephyrin/gamma‐aminobutyric acid A receptor alpha 2 (GABRA2) pathway revealed a previously unrecognized mechanism for the anxiolytic effect of PMF. These findings suggest that PMF enhances the expression of A2AR, preserves GABAergic synaptic stability, and reduces anxiety by modulating the microbiota composition. Thus, it holds promise as an anxiolytic agent.
Sex‐related differences in pulmonary vascular volume distribution
Authors: Wright Stephen P. , Kirby Miranda , Singh Gaurav V. , Tan Wan C. , Bourbeau Jean , Eves Neil D. ,   for the CanCOLD Collaborative Research Group
Published: September 2024

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension affects females more frequently than males, and there are known sex‐related differences in the lungs. However, normal sex‐related differences in pulmonary vascular structure remain incompletely described. We aimed to contrast computed tomography‐derived pulmonary vascular volume and its distribution within the lungs of healthy adult females and males. From the CanCOLD Study, we retrospectively identified healthy never‐smokers. We analyzed full‐inspiration computed tomography images, using vessel and airway segmentation to generate pulmonary vessel volume, vessel counts, and airway counts. Vessels were classified by cross‐sectional area >10, 5–10, and <5 mm2 into bins, with volume summed within each area bin and in total. We included 46 females and 36 males (62 ± 9 years old). Females had lower total lung volume, total airway counts, total vessel counts, and total vessel volume (117 ± 31 vs. 164 ± 28 mL) versus males (all p < 0.001). Females also had lower vessel volume >10 mm2 (14 ± 8 vs. 27 ± 9 mL), vessel volume 5–10 mm2 (35 ± 11 vs. 55 ± 10 mL), and vessel volume <5 mm2 (68 ± 18 vs. 82 ± 19 mL) (all p < 0.001). Normalized to total vessel volume, vessel volume >10 mm2 (11 ± 4 vs. 16 ± 4%, p < 0.001) and 5–10 mm2 (30 ± 6 vs. 34 ± 5%, p = 0.001) remained lower in females but vessel volume <5 mm2 relative to total volume was 18% higher (59 ± 8 vs. 50 ± 7%, p < 0.001). Among healthy older adults, pulmonary vessel volume is distributed into smaller vessels in females versus males.
Teleconnection and the Antarctic response to the Indian Ocean Dipole in CMIP5 and CMIP6 models
Authors: Sen Arnab , Deb Pranab , Matthews Adrian J. , Joshi Manoj M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTropical–Antarctic teleconnections are known to have large impacts on Antarctic climate variability at multiple timescales. Anomalous tropical convection triggers upper‐level quasi‐stationary Rossby waves, which propagate to high southern latitudes and impact the local environment. Here the teleconnection between the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and Antarctica was examined using daily gridded reanalysis data and the linear response theory method (LRTM) during September–November of 1980–2015. The individual contribution of the IOD over the Antarctic climate is challenging to quantify, as positive IOD events often co‐occur with El Niño events. However, using the LRTM, the extratropical response due to a positive IOD was successfully extracted from the combined signal in the composite map of anomalous 250‐hPa geopotential height. Applying the method to a set of models from phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5 and CMIP6), significant differences were observed in the extratropical response to the IOD among the models, due to bias in the Rossby waveguide and IOD precipitation pattern. The LRTM was then applied to evaluate the extratropical response of the 850‐hPa temperature, wind anomalies, and sea‐ice concentration anomalies in observation data, as well as models that represented both the IOD precipitation and the extratropical waveguide adequately. The IOD induced cold southerly flow over the west of the Ross Sea, Weddell Sea, and Antarctic Peninsula, causing cold surface‐temperature anomalies and the increase of sea ice, and warm northerly flow over the east of the Ross Sea and Amundsen Sea, causing warm surface‐temperature anomalies and the decrease of sea ice. We recommend the LRTM as a complementary method to standard analysis of climate variability from observations and global climate models.
Complete resolution across the neodymium/samarium isotopic envelope with a liquid sampling‐atmospheric pressure glow discharge — Orbitrap mass spectrometer
Authors: Goodwin Joseph V. , Shrestha Suraj , Manard Benjamin T. , Marcus R. Kenneth 
Published: September 2024

RationaleNd and Sm isotope ratios play an important role in geological dating and as nuclear forensic signatures; however, the overlap of the respective 144, 148, 150 Nd/Sm isobars requires prior separations to be performed before analysis on typical MS platforms. The work presented here overcomes these isobaric interferences using ultrahigh‐mass resolution to alleviate interference without prior chemical separations.MethodsA liquid sampling‐atmospheric pressure glow discharge ion source was coupled to a standard, QExactive Focus Orbitrap mass spectrometer, providing a mass resolution of ~80 k. A Spectroswiss FTMS booster X2 data acquisition package was used to collect extended transients, providing much higher mass resolution; ~230 k and ~600 k are employed here for Nd and Sm isotopes.ResultsWhile the standard Orbitrap resolution is far greater than typical “atomic” MS platforms, it was insufficient to alleviate all isobars. The use of a resolution of ~230 k resulted in baseline separation across the entire isotopic envelope for both Nd and Sm. Isotope ratios obtained from Nd:Sm mixtures using high‐resolution were equivalent to those found for individual‐element solutions, while isotope ratios obtained at a resolution of ~80 k (standard for the OEM data system) showed large deviations.ConclusionsUse of ultrahigh‐resolution is an attractive alternative to extensive chemical separations to alleviate severe isobaric interferences. Sufficient mass resolution greatly reduces/eliminates the need for sample manipulations (separations) before analysis while reducing costs and total analysis times.
Distributed‐filter‐based double event‐triggered formation control for stochastic nonlinear MASs under switching topologies
Authors: Peng Yonghua , Lin Guohuai , Ren Hongru , Li Hongyi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article investigates a formation control method for stochastic nonlinear multi‐agent systems (MASs) under switching topologies. To reduce the communication bandwidth occupancy, two event‐triggered mechanisms of sensor‐to‐controller and controller‐to‐actuator network channels are proposed. Taking advantage of the neural networks approximation capability, a dynamic high‐gain observer is introduced to estimate unmeasured states and tackle the non‐differentiable issue of triggered output signal. Furthermore, it should be noted that a distributed filter is employed to handle the discontinuous local reference signal resulting from switching topologies. By using discontinuous topology information, the distributed filter generates a differentiable signal to design a virtual controller. Concomitantly, a first‐order filter is implemented to avoid the problem of “explosion of complexity.” Through stability analysis, it is proven that the designed formation controller achieves boundedness in probability for all signals in the stochastic nonlinear MASs. Ultimately, a simulation is performed to confirm the viability of the control approach.
Study on Preparation of Porous Light Refractory from Waste Electric Porcelain
Authors: Liu Yifeng , Xu Yanheng , Zhou Ruxian , Wei Haichao , Zhang Wuri , Zhan Huasheng , Ma Shulong , Yang Chen , Huang Zhaohui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the process of the development of the ceramic industry, a large amount of ceramic solid waste is generated, and how to make high‐value reuse of ceramic solid waste has also become a problem of common concern. In this article, a new method of making porous thermal insulation materials reusing waste electric porcelain was successfully developed. In this work, a porous light refractory with bulk density of 0.99 g/cm3 and apparent porosity of 59% was prepared by the novel method. Which room temperature flexural and compressive strengths are 11.52 MPa and 1.84 MPa, respectively. These properties makes the waste electric porcelain‐based porous light refractory can be applicated as lightweight heat insulation materials for high‐temperature kilns, high‐temperature catalyst carriers, high‐temperature phase‐change heat storage support materials, etc., which will create higher application value and research significance.
In‐Vitro Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic and Anticancer Activities of Calyptocarpus Vialis Extract and its Integration with Computational Studies
Authors: Bachhar Vishwajeet , Joshi Vibha , Shekher Mishra Shashank , Shukla Ravi K. , Bhargava Samir , Duseja Manisha 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCalyptocarpus vialis (C. vialis), a plant of Asteraceae family exhibits nutritional value, antioxidant properties and has potential for various other biomedical applications. The present study is focused to assess the antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anticancer potential of C. vialis extract and its integration with computational studies. The antimicrobial activity is performed against the Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), Candida albicans (C. albicans) fungi using disc diffusion method. Maximum Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) of 37±3.2 and 35±2.9 mm is obtained for S. aureus and B. subtilis respectively, whereas ZOI of 39±2.8 mm is obtained against C. albicans at dose of 500 μg/mL. The extract shows strong α‐amylase inhibition activity with IC50 ~46.8±0.81 μg/mL inferring about its antidiabetic potential. Anticancer activity of C. vialis extract is checked against HCT‐116 and DU‐145 cell lines using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium‐bromide (MTT) assay, which shows excellent anticancer activity with IC50 value of 38.09±0.65 μg/ml and 36.34±1.05 μg/ml respectively. The obtained results are further verified using computational studies considering interaction among phytochemicals and selected targets. Extract is found potent for biological activities and promising candidate for development of new drugs.
Biogenic Silver and Zinc Enhanced MWCNTs: Nano‐Decoration, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Effect
Authors: Ünal İlkay 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, acid‐treated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were decorated with silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), and Ag@Zn nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using plant extract for reducing and stabilizing NPs. The nanocomposites were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)‐energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Raman spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The stability of functionalized MWCNTs (f‐MWCNTs) and NP‐decorated MWCNTs was visually evaluated for seven days in ethanol. The antimicrobial efficacy against Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram‐negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) bacteria, and fungi (Candida albicans) was determined using the agar well diffusion assay. Results indicated that Ag‐MWCNTs and Ag@Zn‐MWCNTs nanocomposites exhibited superior antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans compared to other tested microorganisms. Conversely, f‐MWCNTs and Zn‐MWCNTs showed no antimicrobial effects
Exploring the Potential of N‐Benzylidenebenzohydrazide Derivatives as Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Agents: Design, Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Crystal Structure, DFT and Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Waziri Ibrahim , Yusuf Tunde L. , Kelani Monsuru T. , Akintemi Eric O. , Olofinsan Kolawole A. , Muller Alfred J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHydrazone‐type Schiff bases have been widely explored owing to their therapeutic properties. These compounds are known to have antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, and antioxidant properties, among others. In the present study, six hydrazone‐based Schiff bases (BB1–BB6) were synthesized by the reaction between derivatives of benzaldehyde and benzo hydrazide in methanolic medium in the presence of catalytic amount of formic acid. The synthesized compounds were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques such as NMR (1H, 13C, COSY, DEPT, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), FTIR, UV‐Vis, elemental (CHN) analysis, and high‐resolution mass spectroscopy. In addition, single crystal structures of BB2, BB4, and BB6 were obtained. In vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of the compounds was evaluated on glucosidase, amylase, NO, FRAP, and DPPH assays, respectively. In all the assays, compounds BB6, BB4, and BB2 showed higher activity than the others. To further explore the chemical reactivity properties and their mechanism of action against the tested assays, DFT and molecular docking study were performed, and the results obtained reinforce the experimental study data.
Specific Antidermatophytic Activity of Trifluoromethylthiolated Cinnamate Derivatives: A New Approach to the Therapy of Superficial Fungal Infections of the Skin
Authors: Bazana Luana Candice Genz , Dalla Lana Daiane Flores , da Silva Rodrigo Foss , Garcia Solange Cristina , Arbo Marcelo Dutra , Teixeira Mario Lettieri , Reginatto Paula , Fuentefria Alexandre Meneghello , Cahard Dominique 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDermatomycoses are the most widespread fungal skin infections worldwide and directly affect patients’ quality of life. They are challenging to manage because of the need for prolonged treatment and the development of resistance to antifungal agents. This article studies the antifungal activity of trifluoromethylthiolated cinnamate derivatives on Candida species and dermatophytes as well as possible mechanisms of action, irritability, and cytotoxicity tests. These molecules show activity against dermatophyte fungi with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) as low as 0.39 μg mL−1. In particular, chloroaromatic derivatives demonstrated the best inhibition profile (1.56–6.25 μg mL−1). Importantly, our series of molecules were not active against Candida spp., being selective for dermatophytes. A study of the mechanism of action suggests that our SCF3 cinnamates do not bind directly to ergosterol or the cell wall. The physicochemical parameters and the absence of irritability resulting from the HET‐CAM test demonstrate that compound 8 can be considered a future candidate for the therapy of dermatophytosis.