bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review and meta-analysis: Tai Chi for preventing falls in older adults
Authors: Huang Zhi-Guan , Feng Yun-Hui , Li Yu-He , Lv Chang-Sheng 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveIt remains unclear whether Tai Chi is effective for preventing falls in older adults. We undertook this systematic review to evaluate the preventive effect of Tai Chi by updating the latest trial evidence.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsThe Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched up to February 2016 to identify randomised trials evaluating Tai Chi for preventing falls in older adults. We evaluated the risk of bias of included trials using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool. Results were combined using random effects meta-analysis.Outcome measuresNumber of fallers and rate of falls.Results18 trials with 3824 participants were included. The Tai Chi group was associated with significantly lower chance of falling at least once (risk ratio (RR) 0.80, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.88) and rate of falls (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.69, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.80) than the control group. Subgroup analyses suggested that the preventive effect was likely to increase with exercise frequency (number of fallers: p=0.001; rate of falls: p=0.007) and Yang style Tai Chi was likely to be more effective than Sun style Tai Chi (number of fallers: p=0.01; rate of falls: p=0.001). The results might be influenced by publication bias as the funnel plots showed asymmetry. Sensitivity analyses by sample size, risk of bias and comorbidity showed no major influence on the primary results.ConclusionsTai Chi is effective for preventing falls in older adults. The preventive effect is likely to increase with exercise frequency and Yang style Tai Chi seems to be more effective than Sun style Tai Chi.
Evaluation of demands, usage and unmet needs for emergency care in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ro Young Sun , Shin Sang Do , Jeong Joongsik , Kim Min Jung , Jung Young Hee , Kamgno Joseph , Alain Etoundi Mballa Georges , Hollong Bonaventure 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo assess the burden of emergent illnesses and emergency care system usage by Yaoundé residents and to evaluate unmet needs for emergency care and associated barriers.DesignA cross-sectional study using a community-based survey.SettingYaoundé, Cameroon.ParticipantsAll residents living in Yaoundé were selected as the target population to investigate the needs and usage of emergency care in Yaoundé. 14 households in every health area (47 in total) were selected using 2-stage sampling.Primary outcome measuresUnmet needs for emergency care.ResultsAmong the 3201 participants from 619 households who completed the survey, 1113 (34.8%) with median age of 22 experienced 1 or more emergency conditions in the previous year. Respondents who experienced emergency conditions used emergency units (7.0%), outpatient clinics (46.5%) or hospitalisation (13.0%), and in overall, 68.8% of them reported unmet needs for emergency care. The primary reasons for not seeking healthcare were economic issues (37.2%) and use of complementary medicine (22.2%). Young age (adjusted OR (95% CI) 1.80 (1.23 to 2.62)), rental housing (1.50 (1.11 to 2.03)) and moderate household income (0.60 (0.36 to 0.99)) were associated with unmet needs for emergency care.ConclusionsResidents of Yaoundé had a high demand for emergency care, and high unmet needs were observed due to low emergency care usage. Development of a cost-effective, universal emergency care system is urgently needed in Cameroon.
Defined Engineered Human Myocardium With Advanced Maturation for Applications in Heart Failure Modeling and Repair
Authors: Tiburcy Malte , Hudson James E. , Balfanz Paul , Schlick Susanne , Meyer Tim , Chang Liao Mei-Ling , Levent Elif , Raad Farah , Zeidler Sebastian , Wingender Edgar , Riegler Johannes , Wang Mouer , Gold Joseph D. , Kehat Izhak , Wettwer Erich , Ravens Ursula , Dierickx Pieterjan , van Laake Linda W. , Goumans Marie Jose , Khadjeh Sara , Toischer Karl , Hasenfuss Gerd , Couture Larry A. , Unger Andreas , Linke Wolfgang A. , Araki Toshiyuki , Neel Benjamin , Keller Gordon , Gepstein Lior , Wu Joseph C. , Zimmermann Wolfram-Hubertus 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Advancing structural and functional maturation of stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes remains a key challenge for applications in disease modeling, drug screening, and heart repair. Here, we sought to advance cardiomyocyte maturation in engineered human myocardium (EHM) toward an adult phenotype under defined conditions.

Methods:
We systematically investigated cell composition, matrix, and media conditions to generate EHM from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts with organotypic functionality under serum-free conditions. We used morphological, functional, and transcriptome analyses to benchmark maturation of EHM.

Results:

EHM demonstrated important structural and functional properties of postnatal myocardium, including: (1) rod-shaped cardiomyocytes with M bands assembled as a functional syncytium; (2) systolic twitch forces at a similar level as observed in bona fide postnatal myocardium; (3) a positive force-frequency response; (4) inotropic responses to β-adrenergic stimulation mediated via canonical β
1
- and β
2
-adrenoceptor signaling pathways; and (5) evidence for advanced molecular maturation by transcriptome profiling. EHM responded to chronic catecholamine toxicity with contractile dysfunction, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte death, and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide release; all are classical hallmarks of heart failure. In addition, we demonstrate the scalability of EHM according to anticipated clinical demands for cardiac repair.

Conclusions:
We provide proof-of-concept for a universally applicable technology for the engineering of macroscale human myocardium for disease modeling and heart repair from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes under defined, serum-free conditions.
Myocardial Oxygen Consumption and Efficiency in Aortic Valve Stenosis Patients With and Without Heart Failure
Authors: Hansson Nils Henrik Stubkjær , Sörensen Jens , Harms Hendrik Johannes , Kim Won Yong , Nielsen Roni , Tolbod Lars P. , Frøkiær Jørgen , Bouchelouche Kirsten , Dodt Karen Kaae , Sihm Inger , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt , Wiggers Henrik 
Published: February 2017

Background

Myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO
2
) and its coupling to contractile work are fundamentals of cardiac function and may be involved causally in the transition from compensated left ventricular hypertrophy to failure. Nevertheless, these processes have not been studied previously in patients with aortic valve stenosis (AS).

Methods and Results

Participants underwent
11
C‐acetate positron emission tomography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and echocardiography to measure MVO
2
and myocardial external efficiency (MEE) defined as the ratio of left ventricular stroke work and the energy equivalent of MVO
2
. We studied 10 healthy controls (group A), 37 asymptomatic AS patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% (group B), 12 symptomatic AS patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% (group C), and 9 symptomatic AS patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <50% (group D). MVO
2
did not differ among groups A, B, C, and D (0.105±0.02, 0.117±0.024, 0.129±0.032, and 0.104±0.026 mL/min per gram, respectively;
P
=0.07), whereas MEE was reduced in group D (21.0±1.6%, 22.3±3.3%, 22.1±4.2%, and 17.3±4.7%, respectively;
P
<0.05). Similarly, patients with global longitudinal strain greater than −12% and paradoxical low‐flow, low‐gradient AS had impaired MEE (
P
<0.05 versus controls). The ability to discriminate between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients was superior for global longitudinal strain compared with MVO
2
and MEE (area under the curve 0.98, 0.48, and 0.61, respectively;
P
<0.05).

Conclusions

AS patients display a persistent ability to maintain normal MVO
2
and MEE (ie, the ability to convert energy into stroke work); however, patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <50%; global longitudinal strain greater than −12%; or paradoxical low‐flow, low‐gradient AS demonstrate reduced MEE. These findings suggest that mitochondrial uncoupling contributes to the dismal prognosis in patients with reduced contractile function or paradoxical low‐flow, low‐gradient AS.
Searching for the GRAIL
Authors: Lopez-Lezcano Fernando 
Published: February 2017

This article describes a quest for the GRAIL (Giant Radial Array for Immersive Listening), a large-scale loudspeaker system with related hardware and software control equipment. The GRAIL was developed at the Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA) at Stanford University, evolving from the need for optimal sound quality in our multichannel concerts. It is also used for teaching and research. The current GRAIL is one step in an ongoing evolutionary process, characterized by the use of off-the-shelf hardware components and custom software–based on free software languages and libraries. While developing our software, we have, as much as possible, aimed to take advantage of existing programs and utilities.
Head Conjuncts: Evidence from Old Swedish
Authors: Petzell Erik M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIt is sometimes taken for granted that heads as well as phrases may form coordinate conjuncts. Still, what looks like a head may be a phrase with only the head visible. This loophole is shut, however, when we turn to Old Swedish stylistic fronting. In certain contexts, only single-word expressions are fronted, which leads to the conclusion that head fronting is indeed going on. When these heads originate in a coordinate structure, they must constitute the entire first conjunct, and cannot be part of an elliptic phrasal conjunct; otherwise, the ellipsis is not properly licensed.
Comments on “Multiscale Structure and Evolution of Hurricane Earl (2010) during Rapid Intensification”
Authors: Elsberry Russell L. , Park Myung-Sook 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This comment addresses the Tropical Storm (TS) Earl upper-level vortex structure changes during a critical stage leading to the onset of rapid intensification as described by Rogers et al. Whereas the first NOAA WP-3D mission in TS Earl provided evidence of a shallow, broad vortex structure, the second WP-3D mission just 12 h later documented a deep, vertically stacked vortex undergoing rapid intensification. The authors attribute this vortex structure change to vertical alignment processes between the low-level Earl vortex and an upper-tropospheric mesoscale vortex about 50 km to the east in the mission 1 analyses.
An alternate environmental control explanation is proposed in which a special kind of upper-tropospheric vertical wind shear (VWS) associated with the outflow of Hurricane Danielle to the northwest of TS Earl is the primary factor. Two estimates of the vertical wind shear changes are interpreted relative to the diurnal convective maximum/minimum to explain how the shallow vortex during mission 1 may have been created. It is proposed that the vigorous convection over sea surface temperatures of about 30°C during the diurnal convective maximum period between mission 1 and mission 2 was able to offset the moderate VWS as Hurricane Danielle had moved farther away from Earl. Thus, an explanation for the vertically stacked TS Earl vortex observed during mission 2 in terms of an environmental VWS modulation of the diurnally varying convective processes is proposed as an alternative to a vortex realignment.
Correlation of Objective Audiometric and Caloric Function in Ménière’s Disease
Authors: McMullen Kyle P. , Lin Chen , Harris Michael S. , Adunka Oliver F. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveMénière’s disease affects the vestibular and audiologic systems; however, little is known about the relationship between audiometric and caloric function with increasing duration of disease. We employed a novel methodology to understand the longitudinal correlation between audiometric and caloric function in Ménière’s patients.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingNeuro‐otologic tertiary care practice.Subjects and MethodsCharts of 19 patients with unilateral Ménière’s disease, as classified by the 1995 American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Foundation criteria, were examined. We included patients with ≥2 videonystagmograms and audiograms. We excluded those with bilateral Ménière’s, prior audiovestibular destruction, or symptoms suggesting concomitant vestibular pathology. Spearman’s rank correlation of audiometric status (pure tone average [PTA], low PTA, and word recognition score [WRS]) and vestibular function (bithermal calorics) was performed. The study was Institutional Review Board approved (protocol 2015H0266).ResultsA total of 112 audiograms and 42 videonystagmographies were performed. There was a decline in affected ear hearing PTA and WRS with duration of disease (r = 0.602, P <. 001, and r = −0.573, P <. 001, respectively). Similarly, there was a decline in vestibular function with increasing duration of disease (r = 0.709, P <. 001). There were moderate correlations between vestibular weakness and PTA, low PTA, and WRS (r = 0.464, P =. 002; r = 0.498, P =. 001; and r = −0.518, P =. 001, respectively).ConclusionsThere is a correlation between decline in objective hearing and horizontal semicircular canal function with time. As expected, this correlation is not 1:1, indicating differential involvement of both systems. Understanding this relationship may assist in counseling patients with regard to prognosis, natural history, and therapeutic interventions.
Cutaneous Sensibility Changes in Bell’s Palsy Patients
Authors: Cárdenas Palacio Carlos Andrés , Múnera Galarza Francisco Alejandro 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveBell’s palsy is a cranial nerve VII dysfunction that renders the patient unable to control facial muscles from the affected side. Nevertheless, some patients have reported cutaneous changes in the paretic area. Therefore, cutaneous sensibility changes might be possible additional symptoms within the clinical presentation of this disorder. Accordingly, the aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between cutaneous sensibility and facial paralysis severity in these patients.Study DesignProspective longitudinal cohort study.SettingsTertiary care medical center.Subjects and MethodsTwelve acute‐onset Bell’s palsy patients were enrolled from March to September 2009. In addition, 12 sex‐ and age‐matched healthy volunteers were tested. Cutaneous sensibility was evaluated with pressure threshold and 2‐point discrimination at 6 areas of the face. Facial paralysis severity was evaluated with the House‐Brackmann scale.ResultsStatistically significant correlations based on the Spearman’s test were found between facial paralysis severity and cutaneous sensitivity on forehead, eyelid, cheek, nose, and lip (P <. 05). Additionally, significant differences based on the Student’s t test were observed between both sides of the face in 2‐point discrimination on eyelid, cheek, and lip (P <. 05) in Bell’s palsy patients but not in healthy subjects.ConclusionSuch results suggest a possible relationship between the loss of motor control of the face and changes in facial sensory information processing. Such findings are worth further research about the neurophysiologic changes associated with the cutaneous sensibility disturbances of these patients.
Risk of Nodal Metastasis in Major Salivary Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Megwalu Uchechukwu C. , Sirjani Davud 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveTo determine the risk of nodal metastasis, examine risk factors for nodal metastasis, and evaluate the impact of nodal metastasis on survival in patients with major salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study from a large population‐ based cancer database.MethodsData were extracted from the SEER 18 database (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) of the National Cancer Institute. The study cohort included 720 patients diagnosed with major salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma between 1988 and 2013.ResultsThe overall rate of lymph node metastasis was 17%. T3 disease (odds ratio, 4.74) and T4 disease (odds ratio, 9.24) were associated with increased risk of nodal metastasis. Age, sex, and site were not associated with nodal metastasis. Nodal metastasis was associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.56) and disease‐specific survival (hazard ratio, 3.27), after adjusting for T stage, presence of distant metastasis, site, surgical resection, radiotherapy, neck dissection, age, sex, race, marital status, and year of diagnosis.ConclusionMajor salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma carries significant risk of nodal metastasis. Advanced T stage is associated with increased risk of nodal metastasis. Nodal metastasis is associated with worse survival.
Current Interview Trail Metrics in the Otolaryngology Match
Authors: Cabrera‐Muffly Cristina , Chang C. W. David , Puscas Liana 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo identify how applicants to otolaryngology residency determine how to apply to, interview with, and rank programs on the interview trail and to determine the extent of the financial burden of the otolaryngology interview trail.Study DesignWeb‐based survey distributed in March and April 2016.SettingOtolaryngology residency applicants throughout the United States.Subjects and MethodsApplicants to otolaryngology residency during the 2016 match cycle and current otolaryngology residents were surveyed.ResultsMedian number of applications, interview offers, interviews attended, and programs ranked was not different during the 2016 match and the previous 5 match years. The most important factor affecting the number of applications was the need to apply widely to ensure sufficient interview offers. The most common reason for declining an interview offer was scheduling conflict. Applicants during the 2016 match spent a median of $5400 applying and interviewing for otolaryngology residency.ConclusionsMedian number of applications, interview offers, interviews attended, and programs ranked has not changed. The most cited reason for applying to many programs was to increase the chances of matching, but this is not statistically likely to increase match success. We advocate for continued attempts to make the otolaryngology match process more transparent for both applicants and resident selection committees, but recognize that applicants are likely to continue to overapply for otolaryngology residency positions.
Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Studies Evaluating Functional Rhinoplasty Outcomes with the NOSE Score
Authors: Floyd Elizabeth Mia , Ho Sandra , Patel Prayag , Rosenfeld Richard M. , Gordin Eli 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveTo provide aggregate data regarding the ability of functional rhinoplasty to improve nasal obstruction as measured by the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score.Data SourcesPubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane databases.Review MethodsA search was performed with the terms “nasal obstruction” and “rhinoplasty.” Studies were included if they evaluated the effect of functional rhinoplasty on nasal obstruction with the NOSE score. Case reports, narratives, and articles that did not use the NOSE score were excluded. Functional rhinoplasty was defined as surgery on the nasal valve. This search resulted in 665 articles. After dual‐investigator independent screening, 16 articles remained. Study results were pooled with a random effects model of meta‐analysis. Change in NOSE score after surgery was assessed via the mean difference between baseline and postoperative results and the standardized mean difference. Heterogeneity was assessed and reported through the I2 statistic.ResultsPatients in the included studies had moderate to severe nasal obstructive symptoms at baseline. The NOSE scores were substantially improved at 3‐6, 6‐12, and ≥12 months, with absolute reductions of 50 points (95% CI, 45‐54), 43 points (95% CI, 36‐51), and 49 points (95% CI, 39‐58), respectively. All of these analyses showed high heterogeneity.ConclusionsNasal obstruction as measured by the NOSE survey is reduced by 43 to 50 points (out of 100 points) for 12 months after rhinoplasty. Our confidence in these results is limited by heterogeneity among studies, large variability in outcomes beyond 12 months, and the inherent potential for bias in observational studies.
Distinct roles for TET family proteins in regulating human erythropoiesis
Authors: Yan Hongxia , Wang Yaomei , Qu Xiaoli , Li Jie , Hale John , Huang Yumin , An Chao , Papoin Julien , Guo Xinhua , Chen Lixiang , Kang Qiaozhen , Li Wei , Schulz Vincent P. , Gallagher Patrick G. , Hillyer Christopher D. , Mohandas Narla , An Xiuli 
Published: February 2017

Key PointsTET3 knockdown impairs terminal erythroid differentiation, whereas TET2 knockdown leads to accumulation of erythroid progenitors. Global levels of 5mC are not altered by knockdown of either TET2 or TET3.
Targeting Bruton tyrosine kinase with ibrutinib in relapsed/refractory marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Noy Ariela , de Vos Sven , Thieblemont Catherine , Martin Peter , Flowers Christopher R. , Morschhauser Franck , Collins Graham P. , Ma Shuo , Coleman Morton , Peles Shachar , Smith Stephen , Barrientos Jacqueline C. , Smith Alina , Munneke Brian , Dimery Isaiah , Beaupre Darrin M. , Chen Robert 
Published: February 2017

Key PointsSingle-agent ibrutinib induced durable remissions (ORR 48%) with a favorable benefit–risk profile in patients with previously treated MZL. Inhibition of BCR signaling with ibrutinib provides a treatment option without chemotherapy for an MZL population with high unmet need.
Prospective journalism redux: The new life of political magazines in the digital age
Authors: Pérez Francisco Seoane 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Political magazines offer a vantage point for evaluating the present and future of in-depth journalism in the digital age. The death spiral of newsweeklies overshadows the increasing influence of political magazines in the national and global debates. Publications like The Atlantic or The Nation keep on advancing policy solutions and inoculating debates on other more mainstream media as they have done for more than a hundred years, but they are also being reshaped by the new digital environment: their online readers are more numerous but less loyal than their print subscribers, and their publics have become more international, with one-third of their audiences coming from outside their home country. This article reports on the views of journalists and editors from American political magazines regarding three issues: the role of their publications in the public sphere (inter-media agenda setting, prospective policy solutions), the differences between their print and digital versions (in terms of audience and content), and their economic sustainability (reflecting on the ethical conundrums of native advertising and sponsored events). Cases studied include The Atlantic, The Economist, The Nation, Bloomberg Businessweek and The New Republic.
Slovenian Puppet Base Jumping
Authors: Lazar Martina Maurič 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The contribution provides a deliberation on the current state of affairs in the field of puppet art in Slovenia. The author of the article is a member of the Ljubljana Puppet Theatre and thus relates her understanding of the state of Slovene puppetry from the subjective viewpoint of a co-creator. The article focuses on understanding the structure of two professional puppet theatres in Slovenia (Ljubljana Puppet Theatre and Puppet Theatre Maribor), as well as independent freelance artists. She stresses the sensitivity in developments in puppetry and care for its comprehensive development.