bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The BRIDGE project: a feasibility randomised controlled trial of brief, intensive assessment and integrated formulation for young people (age 14-24) with features of borderline personality disorder (Protocol)
Authors: Gajwani Ruchika , Sim Fiona , McAllister Kirsty , Smith Helen , McIntosh Emma , Moran Paul , Ougrin Dennis , Smith Michael , Gumley Andrew Ian , Chanen Andrew M. , Minnis Helen 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder that is characterised by a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood as well as marked impulsivity. BPD has its peak incidence and prevalence from puberty through to emerging adulthood. BPD is a controversial diagnosis in young people. Commonly, young people with BPD are under-diagnosed, untreated, are not in employment or training and are estranged from their families. Yet, they have complex needs and are at high suicide risk.AimTo assess the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial (f-RCT) of a BRIDGE, a brief intervention programme for young people (age 14-24) with BPD symptoms (sub-threshold or threshold) in a community sample from Scotland, UK.MethodForty young people (age 14-24) meeting criteria for BPD symptoms, will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive either a) the BRIDGE intervention plus service-as-usual or b) service-as-usual alone. Follow up will be 12 weeks and 24 weeks post-intervention. The study is carried out between 2021 to 2024.OutcomeThe two primary outcomes of the MQ funded, BRIDGE project (f-RCT) are i. recruitment rates and ii. retention rates. The study will present the acceptability and appropriateness of our putative outcome measures for a future definitive randomised controlled trial (d-RCT).ImpactYoung people with BPD benefit from good clinical care and targeted intervention, however are regularly missed or mislabelled. The community based feasibility trial would provide initial evidence of variable needs of young people with complex needs, who maybe missed or excluded from services as they don’t “fit” a model/diagnosis. Workable multi-agency service model proposed in the trial would be a major advance in understanding care pathways regardless of trial outcome.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrial.gov, identifier NCT05023447
Depression severity and verbal comprehension in children and adolescents with a major depressive episode
Authors: Trasolini Monia , Serra Giulia , Iannoni Maria Elena , Andracchio Elisa , Apicella Massimo , Maglio Gino , Menghini Deny , Vicari Stefano 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionSevere depression is a prevalent psychiatric illness in children and adolescents associated with high levels of morbidity, disability, and a high risk of suicidal behavior. Cognitive factors associated with depression severity in juveniles have been poorly reported. MethodsWe investigated the relationship between depression severity and intelligence quotient (IQ)with its subscales in 65 juveniles (aged 10–17 years) with a current major depressive episode evaluated at the Mood Disorder Program of Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital in Rome. Pearson’s correlation analyses were followed by a Benjamini–Hochberg correction and linear multivariable regression model. ResultsDepression severity measured with the total score of the Children’s Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R) was positively associated with the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI; Pearson’s r = 0.309 [0.042−0.534]; p = 0.024). The CDRS-R subscales positively associated with VCI by Pearson’s correlation were depressed feelings, suicidal ideation, excessive weeping, and reduced facial expressions. Suicidal ideation was the only factor independently and significantly associated with higher VCI in the multivariable linear regression model.DiscussionSuicidal ideation was significantly and independently associated with higher verbal comprehension, indicating that depressed juveniles with better verbal ability may be at a greater risk of showing suicidal ideation.
The current situation of health equity in underserved areas of Afghanistan
Authors: Salem Marwa Rashad , Hegazy Nelly , Eldeeb Sherif , Shaguy Jerome A. , Nassery Ramesh Mohammad , Khawari Abdullah , Tanoli Jamshed , Abouzeid Alaa 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn Afghanistan, providing universal health coverage (UHC) in accordance with the principles of the UHC declaration is challenging on two fronts: the geographic topography of the country and the prevailing gender dynamics within the local culture.MethodsWe conducted a desk review of underserved areas in the context of health services by gathering and analyzing existing literature, reports, and data using a combination of keywords and phrases such as: “underserved areas,” “healthcare disparities,” “access to healthcare,” and “health services.” The primary data were derived from an analysis of underserved populations conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) Afghanistan's Emergency Program, supplemented by information from in-country partners. In addition to other reports, this review focused on analyzing the geographical availability of primary healthcare (PHC) services by employing the guidelines set forth in the SPHERE framework. It also took into account the social dynamics within the Afghan population that may create barriers to equity in terms of demand and access to PHC services.ResultsAlthough there are a significant number of primary healthcare facilities in operation (4,242), they are unevenly distributed across different regions of Afghanistan, resulting in almost 25% of the population being underserved. The underserved population is nearly equally distributed between genders, with the majority residing in rural communities. Women of childbearing age represent 28% of the underserved population. Children under the age of five represent 16–18% of the underserved population in all regions, except in the western region, where they represent between 12 and 13%. Individuals over 60 years of age represent 1–3% of the underserved population across all regions. More than 50% of the population in the Central Highlands of Afghanistan is underserved, followed by the western and southern regions. Ghor province in the western region has the highest proportion of underserved populations, followed by Zabul province in the southern region.ConclusionAfghanistan is currently experiencing a protracted humanitarian crisis, with millions of people living in poverty and lacking access to healthcare. This situation exposes them to serious risks such as disease epidemics, starvation, and maternal and child mortality. It is crucial to implement alternative strategies to reach the most affected populations and to increase funding for the delivery of healthcare services in Afghanistan.
Analysis of the structure and trend prediction of China’s total health expenditure
Authors: Li Hong-yan , Zhang Rui-xue 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn the context of rapid economic and social development, there has been a continuous intensification of population aging, transformation of disease patterns, and wide application of new medical technologies. As a result, health expenditures in various countries have sharply soared. How to utilize limited medical resources to maximize the improvement of health levels has become a hot and challenging issue related to the well-being of all humanity. The relevant indicators of total health expenditure play a crucial role in monitoring and evaluating the fairness of health financing and health security in the region.ObjectiveThis study explores the changes in the main expenses that constitute China’s total health expenditure and uses indicators related to health expenditure to observe the changes and future development trends of China’s health expenditure. Based on this, the utilization of China’s health expenditure is monitored to identify possible problems, and thereby targeted suggestions for promoting the development of China’s health and wellness cause are put forward.MethodsBased on the comparison of previous literature, this paper analyzes the changes and future development trends in China’s health expenditure by using the relevant indicators of China’s health expenditure through the structural variation analysis method and the gray prediction model.ResultsThe results show that the scale of government, social, and out-of-pocket health expenditures has continuously expanded, with social health expenditures becoming the main funding source for total health expenditures. The burden of medical expenditures on individuals has been further reduced. In the institutional method of total health expenditures, hospital expenditures account for about 60% of the total and are the main component. The expenditures of health administration and medical insurance management institutions are the main driving force behind the growth of total health expenditures. However, the proportion of health expenditures in China’s GDP is relatively low, so more investment is needed in the healthcare sector, and the burden of individual medical expenses also needs to be continuously reduced.DiscussionIn the future, China should further increase its investment in the medical and health sector. Specifically, the government should persist in investing in fundamental medical and health services. Simultaneously, efforts should be made to establish a scientific cost control mechanism for pharmaceuticals and broaden financing channels for healthcare, such as accelerating the development of commercial health insurance.
Systematic review in relation to support of diversity in nursing homes
Authors: Mesas-Fernández Javier , Tous-Pallarès Jordi , Espinoza-Díaz Ivette Margarita 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionGiven the increasing global population of older adults, it is essential and inevitable that healthcare centers and nursing homes address and accommodate diversity in their support systems as interventions for healthy aging. The active aging and the inclusion of all people regardless of their religion, origin, and/or sexual orientation is essential to create a climate of safety. Discrimination must be addressed from all angles, at the social level, at the business level and by all workers in nursing homes.Methodology and resultsThis study provides a comprehensive review of existing literature to systematize information on diversity among older adults in healthcare centers and nursing homes. Out of 1.458 articles identified, 10 were analyzed in depth, revealing that addressing diversity among older adults is crucial to overall mental and physical healthy aging. The findings underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach and effective management through the Person-Centered Care Model (PCCM).Discussion and conclusionThis study highlights the critical role of the Person-Centered Care Model (PCCM) in addressing diversity in aging needs. It highlights the necessity of tailoring care based on individual life histories and experiences. Additionally, it calls for the implementation of inclusive policies in nursing homes and emphasizes the need for professional training on diversity to ensure these facilities are safe and supportive for all residents.
Seroprevalence of dengue, yellow fever, and related flaviviruses among the rural human population in Nguruman and Kerio Valley, Kenya
Authors: Kibathi Mercy Hokah , Chepkorir Edith , Mabeya Sepha Nyatichi , Tchouassi David P. , Sang Rosemary 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundYellow fever virus (YFV) and dengue virus (DENV) are among the major re-emerging arboviruses that pose a significant threat to public health. Their associated burden and prevalence can be substantially underestimated due to insufficient surveillance and inadequate diagnosis. This study aimed to determine evidence of dengue, yellow and related flaviviruses circulation among the rural human populations residing in Nguruman (Kajiado County) and Kerio Valley (Baringo County), two dryland ecosystems in the Kenyan Rift Valley.MethodsSerum samples obtained from febrile patients between 5 and 85 years through a hospital-based cross-sectional survey from July 2020 – May 2023, were screened for neutralizing antibodies to YFV, DENV-2 and related flaviviruses, West Nile virus (WNV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) via Plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). The study sites and important demographic characteristics were obtained using a structural questionnaire and the data analyzed and seroprevalence compared. A multinomial logistic regression model was done to predict risk for each of the most prevalent viruses with covariates; age, gender, and occupation.ResultsOverall, 54.5% (50.1–59.0% 95% confidence interval (CI) of the samples tested positive for at least one of the four Flaviviruses. The percentage was significantly higher in Kerio Valley (64.34%, 184/286) than in Nguruman (40.2%, 78/194) (P&lt;0.0001). YFV had the highest prevalence, followed by WNV (16.25%), ZIKV (5.2%), and DENV-2 (1%). Kerio Valley had a significantly higher YFV seroprevalence (51%) than Nguruman (6%) (P&lt;0.0001), while DENV-2 was observed only in Nguruman with a low seropositivity of 2%. In contrast to Nguruman, where seropositivity rates were higher in males at 47.47% (P=0.049), in Kerio Valley, females showed considerably higher viral seropositivity at 60.82% than males (P&lt;0001).ConclusionThe study suggests that there is significant circulation of Flaviviruses in both regions, posing a public health risk, that could potentially contribute to clinical disease. However, seropositivity rates vary for each specific site. Furthermore, there could be a risk of YFV, WNV, and ZIKV transmission in both sites with DENV transmission specifically noted in Nguruman. The study findings inform direct cost-effective actions (such as YF vaccines) and precise surveillance data of vector populations for improved disease risk prediction.
The Influence of Reduced Frequency on H-VAWT Aerodynamic Performance and Flow Field Near Blades
Authors: Yue Nianxi , Yang Congxin , Li Shoutu 
Published: September 2024

Studies demonstrate that the reduced frequency k is influenced by the incoming wind speed U0 and the rotor speed n. As a dimensionless parameter, k characterizes the stability of the flow field, which is a critical factor affecting the performance of vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs). This paper investigates the impact of k on the performance of straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbines (H-VAWT). The findings indicate that 0.05 is the critical value of k. The same k results in a similar flow field structure, yet the performance changes vary with different U0. A decrease in n or an increase in U0 leads to an increase in the average value and fluctuation of k, which subsequently reduces the rotor rotation torque Cm and decreases the maximum wind energy utilization rate Cpmax. This reduction in Cpmax weakens the stability of the flow field. Additionally, the high-speed area of the blade’s trailing edge velocity trajectory at θ=0°, θ=120°, and θ=240° expands with increasing range. Velocity dissipation in the high-speed area of the trailing edge affects the stability of the flow field within the rotor.
Experiences of integrating social prescribing link workers into primary care in England — bolting on, fitting in, or belonging: a realist evaluation
Authors: Tierney Stephanie , Westlake Debra , Wong Geoffrey , Turk Amadea , Markham Steven , Gorenberg Jordan , Reeve Joanne , Mitchell Caroline , Husk Kerryn , Redwood Sabi , Pope Catherine , Baird Beccy , Mahtani Kamal Ram 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundFollowing the 2019 NHS Long Term Plan, link workers have been employed across primary care in England to deliver social prescribing.AimTo understand and explain how the link worker role is being implemented in primary care in England.Design and settingThis was a realist evaluation undertaken in England, focusing on link workers based in primary care.MethodThe study used focused ethnographies around seven link workers from different parts of England. As part of this, we interviewed 61 patients and 93 professionals from health care and the voluntary, community, and social enterprise sector. We reinterviewed 41 patients, seven link workers, and a link worker manager 9–12 months after their first interview.ResultsWe developed four concepts from the codes developed during the project on the topic around how link workers are integrated (or not) within primary care: (or not) within primary care: centralising or diffusing power; forging an identity in general practice; demonstrating effect; and building a facilitative infrastructure. These concepts informed the development of a programme theory around a continuum of integration of link workers into primary care — from being ‘bolted on’ to existing provision, without much consideration, to ‘fitting in’, shaping what is delivered to be accommodating, through to ‘belonging’, whereby they are accepted as a legitimate source of support, making a valued contribution to patients’ broader wellbeing.ConclusionSocial prescribing was introduced into primary care to promote greater attention to the full range of factors affecting patients’ health and wellbeing, beyond biomedicine. For that to happen, our analysis highlights the need for a whole-system approach to defining, delivering, and maintaining this new part of practice.
Glycyrrhizic Acid Hydrogel Microparticles Encapsulated with Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes for Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Luting , Luo Zhiqiang , Chen Hanxu , Wu Xiangyi , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: September 2024

Hydrogel microparticles have been proved to be curative to diabetic wounds. Current trends focus on the integration of bioactive matrix and their smart stimulus-responsive release to meet the complex demand of regeneration in diabetic wound. In this paper, we present novel stem cell exosome-encapsulated Chinese herb glycyrrhizic acid (GA) hydrogel microparticles for wound healing. The integrated GA endows the hydrogel microparticles with antibacterial properties, while the encapsulated exosomes impart them with pro-angiogenesis ability. In addition, as the black phosphorus is incorporated into these hybrid hydrogel microparticles, the release profile of GA and exosomes could be controllable under near-infrared irradiation due to the excellent photothermal effect of black phosphorus and the reversible phase transformation properties of GA. Based on these features, we have demonstrated that these microparticles can effectively kill bacteria, scavenge free radical, and promote angiogenesis from in vitro experiments. Besides, they could also markedly accelerate the wound healing process by down-regulating inflammation and promoting collagen deposition and angiogenesis in bacteria-infected in vivo diabetic wound. These results indicate that the proposed exosome-integrated GA hydrogel microparticles present great potential for clinical diabetic wound treatment.
UJI BERBAGAI JENIS BAHAN MATRICONDITIONING TERHADAP VIABILITAS DAN VIGOR BENIH PADI (ORYZA SATIVA L.) VARIETAS INPARI 32
Authors: Suparto Hairu , Widyawati Wahyu 
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research was to determine the type of matriconditioning material on the viability and vigor of rice seeds of the Inpari 32 variety. The research was carried out in April – June 2024 at the Agroecotechnology Integrated Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, ULM. The research used a single factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD), namely treatment type matriconditioning consisting of: m0: control (water); m1: Husk charcoal; m2: Rubbing ash; m3: Sawdust; m4: Charcoal husk & Ash (1:1); m5: Husk charcoal & sawdust (1:1); m6: Crushed ash & Sawdust (1 : 1) and m7: Husk charcoal & Crushed ash & Sawdust (1:1:1). The results of the research showed that the treatment had no real effect on the maximum growth potential of the seeds, but had a significant effect on the germination capacity, simultaneous growth and growth speed of the rice seeds of the Inpari 32 variety. The best treatment was sawdust matriconditioning material which was able to increase the viability and vigor of the rice seeds. Inpari 32
ПРО НАУКОВУ І НАУКОВО-ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ НАУКОВО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ БІБЛІОТЕКИ УКРАЇНИ ІМЕНІ В.О. СУХОМЛИНСЬКОГО ЗА 2020-2024 рр. ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЇЇ ПОДАЛЬШОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Березівська Лариса Дмитрівна 
Published: September 2024

У доповіді викладено основні результати наукової та науково-організаційної діяльності у тісному зв’язку з науково-інформаційною, науково-методичною, соціокультурною роботою Державної науково-педагогічної бібліотеки України імені В.О. Сухомлин-ського (далі ДНПБ) упродовж 2020-2024 рр. в умовах пандемії COVID-19 та повномасштабної війни рф проти України. Представлено тематику наукових досліджень, науково-практичних заходів, віртуальних книжкових виставок, що сприяє посиленню гуманітарного виміру національної безпеки у мовно-культурній та інформаційній сферах, реалізації політики національної пам’яті, української національної та громадянської ідентичності, формуванню патріотизму, української національної самосвідомості. Аргументовано, що працівники чинять активний інформаційний спротив російському агресору.Визначено перспективи подальшого розвитку ДНПБ: активізація в умовах євроінтегарції міжнародного співробітництва; участь у національних і світових проєктах; упровадження сучасних цифрових технологій, зокрема штучного інтелекту, та програмного забезпечення; удосконалення механізму комплектування, організації та зберігання фонду, формування цифрового контенту рідкісних видань; проведення заходів із залучення молодих учених і бібліотекарів до роботи в ДНПБ. Доведено необхідність реалізовувати Стратегію розвитку ДНПБ з вірою у перемогу над російськими загарбниками, руху в Євросоюз задля забезпечення потреб оброни і національної безпеки, формування конкурентоспроможного людського капіталу, утвердження позитивного іміджу бібліотеки як інноваційного наукового, науково-інформаційного, науково-методичного, культурно-освітнього центру в Україні й у світі.
The effect of inter-letter spacing on the N170 during visual word recognition: An event-related potentials experiment
Authors: Civera Teresa , Perea Manuel , Leone-Fernandez Barbara , Vergara-Martínez Marta 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPrevious behavioral studies have shown that inter-letter spacing affects visual word recognition and reading. While condensed spacing may hinder the early stages of letter encoding because of increased crowding effects, the impact of expanded inter-letter spacing is still unclear. To examine the electrophysiological signature of inter-letter spacing on visual word recognition, we presented words in three different inter-letter spacing conditions (default, condensed [−1.5 points] or expanded [+1.5 points]) in an event-related potentials go/no-go semantic categorization task. Our focus was on the N170, an event-related potentials component associated with the early encoding of orthographic information, which also is sensitive to crowding effects. Results revealed that the N170 amplitude reached the largest values for the condensed condition than for the default and expanded spacing conditions, which did not differ. While increased crowding impacted the early encoding of orthographic information, extra letter spacing (compared with default spacing) did not. This outcome is consistent with the Modified Receptive Field hypothesis, in which letter receptors adapt their size to cope with letter crowding. These findings reveal that reducing the space between letters more than the default spacing impairs the ability to process written words, whereas slightly expanding the space between letters does not provide any additional benefit.