bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Follow the money to achieve success: achievable or aspirational
Authors: McTaggart Nicholas Alan 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight the extent to which organised crime and the environment have altered in relation to money laundering and terrorist financing and to explore whether strategies to “follow the money” have been successful.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on personal analysis and involvement as a practitioner in law enforcement and includes a broad literature review on the subject of terrorist financing and money laundering.FindingsMoney laundering, terrorist financing and economic crime activity are being disguised in the “noise” of business by specialists that have become very adept at their craft. Financial institutions and lawmakers have invested heavily in countering money laundering and terrorist financing. However, its real effectiveness is somewhat doubtful.Originality/valueThis paper serves to stimulate further discussion and research on how all actors can increase collaboration and co-operation to increase the effectiveness of disruption strategies associated with these classes of crime.
Filling black holes – using business process analysis in criminal intelligence
Authors: Murray Kenneth 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of improving financial intelligence capture in understanding organized crime and the funding of terrorism.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents an analytical review of the core business processes used to harvest the revenues from illegal drug trafficking. Furthermore, assessment of the extent to which modern, organised crime – and the dynamics of the relationships between the relevant collaborating parties – can be more accurately defined in terms of these processes.

Findings
Understanding distinctive capabilities of criminal funding processes as well as their participants offers an approach to filling intelligence black holes which continue to afflict efforts to tackle organised crime and terrorism.

Originality/value
This paper establishes a framework for understanding and countering threat through application of competitive strategy analysis.
Political stability and FDI in the most competitive Asia Pacific countries
Authors: Rashid Mamunur , Looi Xuan Hui , Wong Shao Jye 
Published: May 2017

PurposeCompetitiveness is vital to attracting FDI into a country, which has led us to investigate the determinants of FDI in the top 15 most competitive countries in the Asia Pacific region.Design/methodology/approachWe have analysed political stability alongside other commonly studied determinants of FDI. We have employed a panel data fixed-effect model on a 14-year sample data (2000-2013) involving the top 15 most competitive Asia Pacific countries. The Global Competitiveness Index was taken as the yardstick to identify these countries. We have used fixed effect, GMM-system, and Panel ARDL tests for robust results.FindingsThe GDP, trade openness and political stability positively influenced FDI inflows while inflation rate negatively impacted FDI inflows in the selected countries. Political stability was the most influential variable in the presence of other indicators. GDP, openness, and political stability exhibit significant long-run relationship with FDI inflows.Research limitations/implicationsTo increase FDI flows, regulators should focus on building the image of the country, and possibly the region, by ensuring stable economic and political environment, maintaining macroeconomic stability through bi- and multi-lateral arrangements with neighbouring countries.Originality/valueRegional relationships with neighbouring countries can be considered as the building blocks for attracting FDIs. These relationships can be strengthened based on liberal trade policies, openness in capital control, and cooperation in terms of political actions. One such recent issue in regional political cooperation include actions to reduce terrorism and corruption that help boost the confidence of the investors.
Real earnings management or “just business”
Authors: Pacheco Paredes Angel Arturo , Wheatley Clark 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to refine what is characterized as real earnings management. Research on real earnings management (REM) has expressed concerns that firms deviating from normal business practices may endure a negative impact on future performance. Not all studies have, however, found a negative impact of REM on future performance. As a consequence, a new stream of research is emerging that examines whether actions that would mechanically be identified as REM are truly earnings management or are simply efficient business activities. The authors further this stream of inquiry by identifying factors, i.e. restructurings and expectations of future sales growth, that can be useful in making a distinction between earnings management and “just business”.

Design/methodology/approach
To measure REM, the authors rely on two of the proxies of Roychowdhury (2006), abnormal discretionary expenses and abnormal production costs, and regress interactions of these with measures of restructurings and expectations of future sales growth, on future performance.

Findings
The authors find that when they control for restructurings, reductions in discretionary expenses that would ordinarily be indicative of REM are instead associated with improved future return-on-assets and security returns. They further find that when they control for future sales growth, overproduction is also associated with improved return on sales as it is with future increases in cost of goods sold.

Originality/value
Together, the results may explain the contradictory results presented in prior research with respect to the impact of REM on future performance – that is, some of what has been identified as REM in prior studies may, in fact, be “just business”.
Economic policy uncertainty, market returns and expected return predictability
Authors: Adjei Frederick A. , Adjei Mavis 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
Using the economic policy uncertainty (EPU) index as a proxy for the level of EPU, we study the impact of the level of EPU on the conditional mean of market returns and we examine the predictive power of EPU on future market returns.

Design/methodology/approach
We employ a GARCH-in-Mean model with exogenous variables.

Findings
The results show that even after controlling for business cycle effects, EPU is inversely related to contemporaneous market returns. Particularly, the authors find that the negative impact of EPU subsists only during recessions or recessionary states of the economy, and has no discernible effects during expansionary periods.

Originality/value
This is the first study to examine the predictive power of EPU on future market returns.
Expectations, uncertainty and risk premium
Authors: Abaidoo Rexford 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThis study aims to examine short- and long-run effects of specific macroeconomic conditions on risk premium estimates on lending.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical estimates are based on error correction and autoregressive distributed lag models.FindingsThe results suggest that, in the short run, inflation expectations, recession expectations and actual inflationary conditions tend to have a significant impact on risk premium estimates; in the long run, however, only inflation expectations and recession expectations are significant in risk premium estimates on lending.Originality/valueThis study examines how specific conditions of uncertainty and expectations influence variability in risk premium estimates on lending in the US economy.
Impact of federal budget deficits on theex antereal interest rate yield on Moody’s Baa-rated long-term corporate bonds, 1960-2015
Authors: Capener Don , Cebula Richard , Rossi Fabrizio 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTo investigate the impact of the federal budget deficit (expressed as a per cent of the Gross Domestic Product, GDP) in the US on theex antereal interest rate yield on Moody’s Baa-rated corporate bonds and to provide evidence that is both contemporary and covers an extended time period, namely, 1960 through 2015.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis constructs a loanable funds model that involves a variety of financial and economic variables, with theex antereal interest rate yield on Moody’s Baa-rated long-term corporate bonds as the dependent variable. The dependent variable is contemporaneous with the federal budget deficit and two other interest rate measures. Accordingly, instrumental variables are identified for each of these contemporaneous explanatory variables. The model also consists of four additional (lagged) explanatory variables. The model is then estimated using auto-regressive, i.e., AR(1), two-stage least squares.FindingsThe principal finding is that theex antereal interest rate yield on Moody’s Baa rated corporate bonds is an increasing function of the federal budget deficit, expressed as a per cent of GDP. In particular, if the federal budget deficit were to rise by one per centage point, say from 3 to 4 per cent of GDP, theex antereal interest rate would rise by 58 basis points.Research limitations/implicationsThere are other time-series techniques that could be applied to the topic, such as co-integration, although the AR(1) process is tailored for studying volatile series such as interest rates and stock prices.Practical/implicationsThe greater the US federal budget deficit, the greater the real cost of funds to firms. Hence, the high budget deficits of recent years have led to the crowding out of investment in new plant, new equipment, and new technology. These impacts lower economic growth and restrict prosperity in the US over time. Federal budget deficits must be substantially reduced so as to protect the US economy.Social/implicationsHigher budget deficits act to reduce investment in ew plant, new equipment and new technology. This in turn reduces job growth and real GDP growth and compromises the health of the economy.Originality/valueThis is the first study to focus on the impact of the federal budget deficit on theex antereal long term cost of funds to firms in decades. Nearly all related studies fail to focus on this variable. Since, in theory, this variable (represented by theex antereal yield on Moody’s Baa rated long term corporate bonds) is a key factor in corporate investment decisions, the empirical findings have potentially very significant implications for US firms and for the economy as a whole in view of the extraordinarily high budget deficits of recent years.
Is there an intersection between “market justice” and “social justice”?
Authors: Hoek Janet 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThis paper discusses whether companies’ over-riding profit orientation can ever promote social outcomes; Important questions exist over whether, where and how individual and corporate responsibility should intersect; these questions require explicit consideration of how best to balance the potentially competing interests of consumers and corporations.Design/methodology/approachThe concepts of “market justice” and “social justice” provide a framework for addressing these questions. Using the rising popularity of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), as an example the paper explores the role tobacco companies have in promoting ENDS uptake and the risks that could eventuate from their involvement.FindingsBefore market and social justice can intersect and consumers can assert responsibility for their actions, corporations need to delist products that harm health and demonstrate the compatibility between their marketing strategies and public health goals. Only then will their introduction of more healthful (or less harmful) alternatives appear credible and support claims that marketing and social justice can intersect.Originality/valueDebate over the role corporations could play in promoting public health is very timely, and this paper contributes to a larger conversation in critical social marketing.
The role of corporate social marketing
Authors: Polonsky Michael Jay 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThis commentary aims to discuss the potential role of corporate social marketing and identify instances where corporate involvement in social marketing is appropriate. This argument is based on the rationale that there should be a focus on the social outcomes of initiatives rather than on which organisations are delivering the message.

Design/methodology/approachThe paper is conceptual and draws on previous marketing, social marketing and health-related literature to discuss the potential positive role of firms in social marketing.

FindingsThe paper proposes that there are many instances where corporations can play a vital role in enhancing social outcomes, even though they too may benefit from these social marketing activities (defined as corporate social marketing). It is argued that corporate social marketing is not only appropriate but also may, in fact, be more effective than social marketing undertaken solely by non-profits or governments. However, it is also identified that there may be inappropriate corporate participation in social marketing.

Practical implicationsTwo typologies are put forward to assist in evaluating the impact of firm behaviour on society and the situations where corporate social marketing may be more appropriate. These typologies may assist in identifying where firms can play a valuable role in social marketing activities.

Social implicationsUse of the typologies proposed will assist in identifying where firms can play a valuable role in social marketing activities and bringing about social benefit.

Originality/valueThe discussion of corporate involvement in social marketing generally has been positioned as negative and this paper identifies instances where corporate social marketing may not only be appropriate but also may, in fact, bring about better social outcomes than if the activities were undertaken by government or non-profits.
Functional implications of maternal intake of flaxseed and its by-products during pregnancy and lactation on offspring
Authors: Correia-Santos André Manoel , Vicente Gabriela Câmara , Boaventura Gilson Teles 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this review of the literature is to provide data about flaxseed intake during pregnancy and/or lactation and its effects in the offspring from birth to adulthood.Design/methodology/approachThis review includes up-to-date information from evidence-based sources on flaxseed intake and its by-products, during pregnancy and lactation and its effects on male and female offspring, from post-weaning until adulthood. Topics included are effects on body mass; glycaemic metabolism; lipid profile; blood pressure and aortic structure; reproductive system and brain tissue.FindingsThe main effects of flaxseed or its by-products were observed in the cardiovascular system, where a lipid profile improvement and minor aortic remodelling were noticed, and in the cerebral development, where greater n-3 PUFA incorporation in the brain was detected.Originality/valueThe research done in this study, to understand the offspring response that were early exposed to the flaxseed components during pregnancy and lactation, may be the first step toward guiding future strategies for recommending the use of this seed during the offspring’s perinatal period.
Comparison of three criteria for metabolic syndrome among Brazilian university students
Authors: Freire de Freitas Roberto Wagner Júnior , Moura de Araújo Márcio Flávio , Gueiros Gaspar Maria Wendiane , Garcia Lira Neto José Cláudio , Parente Garcia Alencar Ana Maria , Zanetti Maria Lúcia , Coelho Damasceno Marta Maria 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the basis of three criteria. The diagnostic criteria adopted were those of the International Diabetes Federation, the National Cholesterol Education Program – Adult Treatment Panel III and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute..

Design/methodology/approach
A transversal study was undertaken with 691 university students in Fortaleza, Brazil, in 2011-2013.

Findings
The prevalence of MetS varied considerably according to the criteria used, it being 4.1 per cent for the IDF, 0.7 per cent for the NCEP ATPIII and 1.7 per cent for the revised NCEP ATPIII. The criteria of the IDF presented reasonable agreement in relation to the NCEP ATP III (0.294) and revised NCEP ATP III (0.334). Moderate agreement was found between the NCEP ATPIII/revised NCEP ATPIII.

Originality/value
There is a need for a universal diagnostic criterion for MetS to obtain uniform and more reliable data for the elaboration of public health policies.
The impact of corporate social responsibility and internal controls on stakeholders’ view of the firm and financial performance
Authors: Akisik Orhan , Gal Graham 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to empirically examine whether two major stakeholder groups – customers and employees – consider third party-reviewed corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports and assurance on the quality of internal controls as value determinant in their decisions, and how their decisions influence financial performance through the halo effect of these reports.Design/methodology/approachUsing Compustat North America and Global Reporting Initiative data, the authors used first-order autoregressive models over the period from 2006 to 2012.FindingsThe results indicate that the impacts of customers and employees on financial performance are influenced by third party-reviewed CSR reports and effective internal control. Moreover, it is found that the third party-reviewed CSR reports and effective internal control enable the persistence of financial performance.Social implicationsThe findings have implications for stakeholders in terms of third party-reviewed CSR reports and effective internal control. The findings are important due to the influence that these stakeholders (customers and employees) have on the financial performance of firms and the impact that CSR actions can have on society as a whole.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that contributes to the literature by demonstrating that information about third party-reviewed CSR reports and internal control reviews may influence the perceptions of firms by two primary stakeholders – customers and employees.
Diversity ASX corporate governance recommendations: a step towards change?
Authors: Shimeld Sonia , Williams Belinda , Shimeld Justin 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe business case argument was used to underpin the inclusion of diversity disclosures within the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations (2010). By adding a requirement for diversity disclosure, an increase in focus on diversity would be expected because of a heightened level of accountability. Whether this change in the Recommendations affected any change in the boardroom is questionable though. The purpose of this paper is to explore the effectiveness of these disclosure requirements.Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw on data obtained from a random sample of 120 ASX-listed company annual reports across two time periods: 2009 and 2012 (before and after the change in the Recommendations).FindingsAlthough findings indicate that there has been some change, especially in the more visible companies (ASX200), many of the changes appear to be largely superficial with a continued focus on the business case perspective.Social implicationsWhile the disclosure recommendations have the potential to be a driver in addressing gender inequity, the findings of this paper indicate that without deep change at the organisational level, requiring listed companies to disclose on gender diversity may have little impact, with the focus remaining on the business case and business as normal.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature on gender diversity in the boardroom and the effect of disclosure. The empirical findings contribute to an understanding of the diversity Recommendations within the ASX Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations, but in doing so, it calls for deeper organisational cultural change if real change is to take effect.
What do we know about girls in the care and criminal justice systems?
Authors: Fitzpatrick Claire 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the neglect of girls in care who come into conflict with the law, arguing that a gender-neutral approach in this area risks further marginalising an already vulnerable population.

Design/methodology/approach
A critical review of the literature and current policy climate is undertaken to explore what is known about the experiences of females in the justice system, as well as knowledge gaps.

Findings
Evidence on the prevalence and nature of offending by girls in care is limited. However, as looked after children, girls may be more likely to have their own behaviour unnecessarily criminalised. Whilst females and males share some prior experiences of victimisation and trauma, girls also have distinct needs and may be assessed and managed by state care and control systems in very different ways.

Research limitations/implications
The paper is not based on primary research and does not present a systematic review of the literature.

Practical implications
The need to listen to girls and young women, and a far greater recognition of backgrounds of trauma must underpin future policy and practice. Diversion from the formal criminal justice system wherever possible is also a key goal to aspire to.

Originality/value
This paper focuses on the specific experiences of females. It calls for a gender-sensitive, trauma-informed approach to working with girls and women from the care system who come into conflict with the law, and questions the value of criminalising those whom the state previously deemed to be in need of welfare and support.
Secukinumab improves psoriasis symptoms in patients with inadequate response to cyclosporine A: A prospective study to evaluate direct switch
Authors: Ohtsuki Mamitaro , Morita Akimichi , Igarashi Atsuyuki , Imafuku Shinichi , Tada Yayoi , Fujita Hiroyuki , Fujishige Ayako , Yamaguchi Masako , Teshima Rie , Tani Yumiko , Nakagawa Hidemi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThere are limited data on the safety and efficacy of switching to secukinumab from cyclosporine A (CyA) in patients with psoriasis. The purpose of the present study was to assess the efficacy and safety of secukinumab for 16 weeks after direct switching from CyA in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis. In this multicenter, open‐label, phase IV study, 34 patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis and inadequate response to CyA received secukinumab 300 mg s.c. at baseline and weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12. The primary end‐point was ≥75% improvement from baseline in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score (PASI 75) at week 16. The efficacy of secukinumab treatment was evaluated up to week 16, and adverse events (AE) were monitored during the study. The primary end‐point of the PASI 75 response at week 16 was achieved by 82.4% (n = 28) of patients receiving secukinumab. Early improvements were observed with secukinumab, with PASI 50 response of 41.2% at week 2 and PASI 75 response of 44.1% at week 4. AE were observed in 70.6% (n = 24) of patients, and there were no serious AE or deaths reported in the entire study period. Secukinumab showed a favorable safety profile consistent with previous data with no new or unexpected safety signals. The results of the present study show that secukinumab is effective in patients with psoriasis enabling a smooth and safe direct switch from CyA to biological therapy.