bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on the quantification of soil water balance components as a basis for agricultural water management with a focus on weighing lysimeters and soil water sensors / Ein Überblick über die Ermittlung von Wasserhaushaltsgrößen als Basis für die landeskulturelle Wasserwirtschaft mit Fokus auf Lysimeter und Bodenwassersensoren
Authors: Nolz Reinhard 
Published: December 2016

SummaryKnowing the components of a soil water balance—for example, evapotranspiration, soil water content, and precipitation—is the basis for agricultural water management. Weighing lysimeters and soil water sensors are commonly used to quantify these components. Data can be used to validate common models to estimate evapotranspiration based on meteorological data, for instance. As every measurement device has its own characteristics, it is helpful to assess and improve the performance of a system to obtain best possible data. Recent developments in the processing of lysimeter data allow determining both evapotranspiration and precipitation directly from lysimeter data. Resulting datasets are characterized by a proper accuracy, completeness, and a high temporal resolution. Soil water sensors usually measure a physical property that is related to soil water content or matric potential via a specific calibration function. Hence, measurement accuracy depends not only on this calibration but also on basic physical principles and material properties. Knowing the performance of a device is, therefore, essential for the selection of an adequate sensor arrangement and truthful data interpretation. Advanced soil water monitoring sites combine different sensor types that are integrated into a wireless network to enable real-time data availability and provide a basis for large-scale monitoring.
Microfilariae Classification Using Multiple
Classifiers for Color and Shape Features
Authors: AL-Tam Faroq , dos Anjos António , Pion Sébastien , Boussinesq Michel , Shahbazkia Hamid Reza 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a multi-classifier approach
for classifying microfilariae in 2-D images. A shape descriptor
based on the quench function is described. This
descriptor is represented as a feature vector that encodes
the shape information. The color feature vector is calculated
as a histogram. Two classifiers were used to train
both color and shape feature vectors, one for each vector.
The posterior probabilities calculated from the scores
of each classifier are then used to calculate the final classification
decision. The experimental results show that,
although the proposed approach is simple, it is efficient
when compared to various approaches.
New insights in prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Honore Patrick M. , Jacobs Rita , Joannes-Boyau Olivier , Boer Willem , De Waele Elisabeth , Van Gorp Viola , Spapen Herbert D. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI) remains an important challenge for intensive care unit clinicians. We reviewed current available evidence regarding prevention and treatment of SAKI thereby incorporating some major recent advances and developments. Prevention includes early and ample administration of “balanced” crystalloid solutions such as Ringer’s lactate. For monitoring of renal function during resuscitation, lactate clearance rate is preferred above ScvO2 or renal Doppler. Aiming at high central venous pressures seems to be deleterious in light of the novel “kidney afterload” concept. Noradrenaline is the vasopressor of choice for preventing SAKI. Intra-abdominal hypertension, a potent trigger of acute kidney injury in postoperative and trauma patients, should not be neglected in sepsis. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) must be started early in fluid-overloaded patients refractory to diuretics. Continuous RRT (CRRT) is the preferred modality in hemodynamically unstable SAKI but its use in more stable SAKI is increasing. In the absence of hypervolemia, diuretics should be avoided. Antimicrobial dosing during CRRT needs to be thoroughly reconsidered to assure adequate infection control.
PreSSUB II: The prehospital stroke
study at the Universitair Ziekenhuis
Brussel II
Authors: Espinoza Alexis Valenzuela , Van Hooff Robbert-Jan , De Smedt Ann , Moens Maarten , Yperzeele Laetitia , Nieboer Koenraad , Hubloue Ives , De Keyser Jacques , Dupont Alain , De Wit Liesbet , Putman Koen , Brouns Raf 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Rationale: Stroke is a time-critical medical emergency requiring specialized treatment.
Prehospital delay contributes significantly to delayed or missed treatment opportunities.
In-ambulance telemedicine can bring stroke expertise to the prehospital arena and facilitate
this complex diagnostic and therapeutic process. Aims: This study evaluates the efficacy,
safety, feasibility, reliability and cost-effectiveness of in-ambulance telemedicine for patients
with suspicion of acute stroke. We hypothesize that this approach will reduce the delay to
in-hospital treatment by streamlining the diagnostic process and that prehospital stroke
care will be improved by expert stroke support via telemedicine during the ambulance
transportation. Design: PreSSUB II is an interventional, prospective, randomized,
open-blinded, end-point, single-center trial comparing standard emergency care by the
Paramedic Intervention Team of the Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (control) with standard
emergency care complemented with in-ambulance teleconsultation service by stroke experts
(PreSSUB). Study Outcomes: The primary efficacy endpoint is the call-to-brain imaging
time. Secondary endpoints for the efficacy analysis include the prevalence of medical
events diagnosed and corrected during in-ambulance teleconsultation, the proportion of
patients with ischemic stroke receiving recanalization therapy, the assessment of disability,
functional status, quality of life and overall well-being. Mortality at 90 days after stroke
is the primary safety endpoint. Secondary safety analysis will involve the registration of
any adverse event. Other analyses include assessment of feasibility and reliability and a
health economic evaluation.
Primary hydatid disease of the breast clinically masquerading as a galactocele:
A case report
Authors: Siddiqui Bushra , Faridi Shahbaz Habib , Arif Sayeedul Hasan , Aslam Mohammad 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We report a rare case of a 30-year-old breastfeeding woman who presented to our surgical
outpatient department with complaints of a gradually enlarging lump in her left breast for the last
2 months. She also complained of difficulty in breastfeeding for 1 week. On examination, the
right breast was normal but there was a 4 cm × 4 cm retroareolar soft lump in her left breast.
Examination of the bilateral axilla was normal. A provisional diagnosis of galactocele was made
and the patient was subjected to ultrasonic mammography and fine needle aspiration cytology
(FNAC). Ultrasonic mammography of the left breast showed a heterogeneous, hypoechoic
lesion with thick septations and internal echoes suggestive of a complex cystic lesion, leading
to a differential diagnosis of either hydatid cyst or breast abscess. On FNAC, the aspirate
was not milky and cytological examination was performed, which revealed hydatid scolices,
hooklets, foamy macrophages and granular debris, leading to the final diagnosis of hydatid
cyst of the breast. The patient was investigated further but there were no cysts at any other
site. Chemotherapy with albendazole was started and surgery was performed after 1 month.
Histopathology further confirmed the diagnosis. Owing to the rarity of presentation, this case
is being reported here.
Clinical conundrums in management of sepsis in the elderly
Authors: Sehgal Vishal , Bajwa Sukhminder Jit Singh , Consalvo John A. , Bajaj Anurag 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In 2012, surviving sepsis campaign came out with updated international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Paradoxically, there are no specific guidelines for management of sepsis in the elderly, although the elderly are more predisposed to sepsis, and morbidity and mortality related to sepsis. Sepsis in the elderly is, more often than not, complicated by clinical conundrums such as congestive heart failure (CHF), atrial fibrillation (AF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), acute kidney injury (AKI), delirium, dementia, ambulatory dysfunction, polypharmacy, malglycemia, nutritional deficiencies, and antibiotic resistance. Also, with recurrent admissions to the hospital and widespread use of antibiotics, the elderly are more susceptible to Clostridium difficile colitis.
Nutrition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A review
Authors: Rawal Gautam , Yadav Sankalp 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Cachexia and muscle wasting is a frequent but partly reversible complication in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and affects the disease progression and prognosis. Weight loss in COPD is a consequence of increased energy requirements unbalanced by dietary intake. Nutritional supplement therapy has been shown to be effective for maintaining and improving the muscle strength and exercise tolerance in poorly nourished COPD patients, thereby decreasing morbidity and mortality. This mini review discusses the role of nutritional supplement therapy in the treatment of COPD.
H-type hypertension and risk of stroke in chinese adults: A prospective, nested case–control study
Authors: Li Jianping , Jiang Shanqun , Zhang Yan , Tang Genfu , Wang Yu , Mao Guangyun , Li Zhiping , Xu Xiping , Wang Binyan , Huo Yong 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the independent and joint associations of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension with incident stroke and stroke death in Chinese adults.

Methods: About 39,165 rural Chinese adults aged 35 years or older who had no history of stroke at the baseline study were prospectively followed to determine major cardiovascular events, with an average follow-up of 6.2 years. Using a nested case–control design, this report includes 179 incident stroke cases (121 stroke deaths) and 179 controls without vascular events from the original cohort matched by age, sex, community, and length of plasma storage. Baseline plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) measurements were obtained for all subjects. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the independent and joint associations between H-type hypertension, defined as subjects with concomitant hypertension and elevated homocysteine (≥10 μmol/L), and risk of incident stroke and stroke death, after adjusting for important covariates.

Results: We analyzed each risk factor independently and jointly. For analysis, homocysteine was divided into three groups: low (tHcy <10 µmol/L), moderate (≥10 µmol/L tHcy <20 µmol/L), and high (tHcy≥20µmol/L). Compared to subjects in the low group, the odds ratios (95% CI) of incident stroke for those in the moderate group and the high group were 1.7 (0.8–3.7) and 3.1 (1.2–8.6), respectively. The odds ratios (95% CI) of stroke death for the moderate and high groups were 2.8 (1.1–7.4) and 5.1 (1.6–16.4), respectively. Hypertension was also independently associated with a higher risk of incident stroke and stroke death: 3.8 (2.3–6.4) and 3.2 (1.8–6.0), respectively, compared to those without hypertension. When analyzed jointly, the highest risk was found among patients with H-type hypertensive with both hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension: 12.7 (2.8–58.0) for incident stroke and 11.7 (2.5–54.7) for stroke death.

Conclusions: This study provides strong evidence that hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension are two independent, modifiable risk factors, which act additively to increase the risk of incident stroke and stroke death. The results strongly suggest that H-type hypertension is a major risk factor for vascular disease and mortality, and those with H-type hypertension may particularly benefit from homocysteine-lowering therapy along with anti-hypertension therapy in Chinese populations.
Dietary cholesterol and egg yolk should be avoided by patients at risk of vascular disease
Authors: David Spence J. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Recent recommendations that limits to dietary cholesterol be dropped were probably heavily influenced by propaganda from the egg industry. After conviction for false advertising, the industry has spent hundreds of millions of dollars to convince the public, physicians, and policy makers that dietary cholesterol and egg yolk are harmless. However, there are good reasons for longstanding recommendations that dietary cholesterol be limited to <200 mg/ day in persons at risk of vascular disease. It is seldom understood that this essentially means all people in developed countries who expect to attain an advanced age. There is abundant evidence that dietary cholesterol increases cardiovascular risk. The misdirection of the egg industry focuses on fasting levels of LDL cholesterol, which are only raised by ~ 10% by consumption of egg yolks. However, the main effect of diet is on the post-prandial state: for ~ 4 hours after a high fat/high cholesterol meal, there is oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and arterial inflammation. One large (65 g) egg yolk contains 237 mg of cholesterol, well above the recommended limit—nearly as much as a 12-ounce hamburger. Besides the very high cholesterol content of egg yolk, the phosphatidylcholine in egg yolk leads, via action of the intestinal microbiome, to production of trimethylamine n-oxide (TMAO), which causes atherosclerosis in animal models. Levels of TMAO in the top quartile after a test dose of two egg yolks were associated with a 2.5-fold increase in the 3-year risk of stroke, death, or myocardial infarction among patients referred for coronary angiography. Persons at risk of cardiovascular disease should limit their intake of cholesterol and egg yolk.
Local Changes in Lipid Composition to Match
Membrane Curvature
Authors: Ryham Rolf J. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
A continuum mechanical model based on the Helfrich Hamiltonian is devised to investigate the
coupling between lipid composition and membrane curvature. Each monolayer in the bilayer is modeled as a
freely deformable surface with a director field for lipid orientation. A scalar field for the mole fraction of two
lipid types accounts for local changes in composition. It allows lipids to access monolayer regions favorable
to their intrinsic curvature at the expense of increasing entropic free energy. Hemifusion is one of the key fusion
intermediates with regions of both positive and negative membrane curvature and where proteins must
supply energy in order to bring about large elastic distortions. Using a numerical gradient descent scheme,
minimal energy axisymmetric shapes of hemifusion diaphragms are calculated for varying radii. Previous
studies assumed a fixed, weighted average for spontaneous curvature. Allowing for local changes in spontaneous
curvature yields energies and forces of expansion significantly lower than those obtained from a fixed
composition.
Effect of spacer layer on flux-pinning properties of iron-based superconductors
Authors: Di Gioacchino Daniele , Poccia Nicola , Marcelli Augusto , Puri Alessandro , Xu Zhu-an , Cheng Jie , Chu Wangsheng , Saini Naurang Lal 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe investigated the magnetic flux-pinning in iron-based 1111-type (REFeAsO, RE= rare earth) and 11- type (FeSe1−xTex) superconductors by third harmonic acmagnetic susceptibility measurements, a technique sensitive to the dynamics of magnetization, probing non-linear processes in flux pinning transport. Despite the larger thermal fluctuations due to the high critical temperature and large anisotropy, flux dynamics of 1111-type pnictides points out a more efficient pinning mechanism than the one in the 11-type chalcogenides. We have associated the stronger pinning in the 1111-family to the presence of REO (RE=rare earth) spacer layers separating the active FeAslayers unlike the 11-chalcogenides in which no spacer layers are present. Therefore, the disorder in the FeAs layers induced by the misfit strain due to spacer layers has an important role in the enhanced flux pinning of 1111-type superconductors.
Variability and Risk Assessment of Hail in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Daradur M. , Leah T. , Pandey R. P. , Cazac V. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Overall goal of the current research is to improve hail monitoring and risk assessment as an essential component of hail risk management and planning. The research investigates geographical and temporal variability of hail incidence based on conventional stations reports on hail days from 1891 to 2015. Using the advances in extreme value modeling the study provides the first regional assessment of hail risk based on the return level and waiting time concept within a univariate framework that provides critical information for designing resilience to cope with this climate hazard at high resolution. The proposed in the study the systems of hail risk assessment aimed at ensuring more effective use of the hail data in terms of aligning with management design information, which is essential for preparedness planning and proactive response measures.
Analysis of Land Cover and Land Use Changes Using Sentinel-2 Images
Authors: Iurist (Dumitraşcu) Nicoleta , Stătescu Florian , Lateş Iustina 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Earth observation and space analysis of land areas, oceanic and atmospheric phenomena is a necessity nowadays.
European Space Agency (ESA) is developing a new family of satellites, called Sentinel, in order to perform the operational needs of the environmental monitoring program, Copernicus. Since 2014 until now ESA have successfully launched four satellites, which have a proven track record.
This paper contains information about Sentinel constellation, features of the satellite images and also the applications of Sentinel satellite images. This paper also describes how to purchase satellite data and the software that can be used to view and analysis data are named.
The aim of this paper is to analyze the changes of land cover and land use of study area, in two different periods, based on Sentinel satellite images.
El patrimonio cultural histórico arquitectónico costarricense: una deuda constitucional
Authors: Muñoz Muñoz Marcela 
Published: December 2016

ResumenLa formulación del artículo 89 de la Constitución Política de Costa Rica se basa en un Estado Social, no Cultural, de Derecho. La cultura se refiere como un fin de la política y no como un bien jurídico, objeto de tutela, lo cual parece restarle importancia a los intereses jurídicos. En esta línea, la norma constitucional refleja la ausencia de un núcleo conceptual mínimo en torno al patrimonio, cuya tutela resulta, entonces, difusa. Dicha omisión –que conlleva la reducción de un valor histórico arquitectónico a uno artístico— limita tanto el interés cultural, en general, como el arquitectónico, en específico. Con el fin de facilitar la comprensión del (oscuro) régimen tutelar existente, dispuesto en la Ley de Patrimonio Histórico Arquitectónico Nº7555 (1995) y su Reglamento (2005), el artículo revisa el concepto jurídico de patrimonio en dos direcciones: primero, la constitucionalización de los bienes culturales patrimoniales (sección A); segundo, la objetivación de lo cultural en general, y de lo histórico arquitectónico en particular, a la luz del interés jurídico (sección B). Dicho examen permite delinear un concepto integrador del patrimonio cultural y dentro de este, del histórico arquitectónico; lo cual, en última instancia, podría favorecer su tutela. AbstractThe Article 89 of the Politic Constitution of Costa Rica is based on a Social State, not a Cultural State of Law. Culture refers to as a political and not a legal right, subject to protection, which seems to belittle the legal interests. In this line, the constitutional provision reflects the absence of a minimum conceptual core around heritage, whose protection is then diffused. This omission involves the reduction of an architectural historical value to an artistic one, limiting cultural interest in general and the architectural, specifically. In order to facilitate understanding of the (dark) regime tutelary existing provisions of the Law of Historical Heritage Architectural Nº7555 (1995) and Regulations (2005), the article reviews the legal concept of heritage in two directions: first, the constitutionalization of heritage cultural property (section A); second, the objectification of culture in general, and the historical architecture in particular, in the light of legal interest (section B). This examination allows delineate an integrative concept of cultural heritage and within this, the architectural history; which ultimately could favor their protection.
REFLEKSI EKSISTENSIALISME DALAM ILMU HUKUM (SUATU UPAYA HUMANISASI TERHADAP TEORI ILMU HUKUM)
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah 
Published: December 2016

The existentialism of philosophy has concern and admits the uniqueness of the human being. The effort of the theorititation of law should be back to the good of human being aspect as individual and also the community. Uniforming to the individual thinking in universal term as well as in positivism theory (law) will have given a fence for the human being freedom like represent of the denial in the existing individual variety, so that the existence becoming limited by human meaning. Theory compilation for social fact that perceived have peep out the regular nature, it is representing just a few of the human being side that have the richness of value. Kata Kunci: humanisme, alienasi, eksistensialisme, ilmu hukum
REVOLUSI MEDIA, JURNALISME GLOBAL, DAN HUKUM PERS INDONESIA
Authors: Wardaya Manunggal K. , Komari Ahmad 
Published: December 2016

The development in information technology influences many aspects of human life including news media. Various definitions in media have encountered significant changes and cannot anymore be us-ed. Press Law as a main regulation of news media Indonesia is no exception. Its relevancy is now be-ing questioned and even challenged when it fails to adopt with the changes in society. This article believes that the amendment of Press Law should be done so that it will be responsive towards the need of the constantly-changing society. Keywords: information technology, media, press, citizen journalism
The ophthalmologic signs in case of C1 neurinoma without hydrocephalus – case report
Authors: Puchalska‑Niedbał Lidia , Kulik Urszula , Kojder Klaudyna , Lubiński Wojciech , Rzewuska Beata , Kojder Ireneusz 
Published: December 2016

Wstęp: Opisano przypadek chorego cierpiącego z powodu guza okolicy połączenia czaszkowo‑rdzeniowegobez wodogłowia, u którego zaobserwowano neurologiczne nieprawidłowości i cechy oftalmologiczne wzmożonego ciśnienia wewnątrzczaszkowego.Metoda: Przeprowadzone zostały kompleksowo badania neurookulistyczne (z uwzględnieniem reakcji źrenic, ostrości wzroku, dna oka, ciśnienia śródgałkowego, ruchomości gałek ocznych, pola widzenia, MRI, MR z angiografią). Dodatkowo wykonano badania immunohistochemiczne i testy laboratoryjne. Wyniki: U 24‑letniego mężczyzny pojawiło się k rwawienie podsiatkówkowe tuż przy tarczy nerwu wzrokowego po chirurgicznym wycięciu guza okolicy połączenia czaszkowo‑kręgowego. Wnioski: Przestrzeń dotknięta uszkodzeniem na granicy czaszkowo‑rdzeniowej była przyczyną dynamicznych i rozmaitych zmian naczyniowych na dnie oka. Chirurgiczna dekompresjaw tym przypadku była prawidłowym postępowaniem,które przyczyniło się do ustąpienia patologicznych zmian we wczesnym stadium ich rozwoju.