bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superconductivity in a Copper(II)‐Based Coordination Polymer with Perfect Kagome Structure
Authors: Huang Xing , Zhang Shuai , Liu Liyao , Yu Lei , Chen Genfu , Xu Wei , Zhu Daoben 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA highly crystalline copper(II) benzenehexathiolate coordination polymer (Cu‐BHT) has been prepared. The two‐dimensional kagome structure has been confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and high‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. The as‐prepared sample exhibits bulk superconductivity at about 0.25 K, which is confirmed by the zero resistivity, AC magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements. Another diamagnetic transition at about 3 K suggests that there is a second superconducting phase that may be associated with a single layer or few layers of Cu‐BHT. It is the first time that superconductivity has been observed in a coordination polymer.
Sexual Orientation in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: George R. , Stokes M.A. 
Published: November 2017

Clinical impressions suggest a different sexual profile between individuals with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Little is presently known about the demographics of sexual orientation in ASD. Sexual Orientation was surveyed using the Sell Scale of Sexual Orientation in an international online sample of individuals with ASD (N = 309, M = 90, F= 219), aged (M = 32.30 years, SD = 11.93) and this was compared to sexual orientation of typically‐developing individuals (N = 310, M = 84, F= 226), aged (M = 29.82 years, SD = 11.85). Findings suggested that sexual orientation was contingent on diagnosis (N = 570, χ2(9)=104.05, P < 0.001, φ = 0.43). In the group with ASD, 69.7% of the sample reported being non‐heterosexual, while in the TD group, 30.3% reported being non‐heterosexual. The group with ASD reported higher rates of homosexuality, bisexuality and asexuality, but lower rates of heterosexuality. The results support the impression that non‐heterosexuality is more prevalent in the autistic population. Increased non‐heterosexuality in ASD has important clinical implications to target unique concerns of this population, and suggests a need for specialized sex education programs for autistic populations for increased support and awareness. Autism Res 2018, 11: 133–141. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryResearch suggests that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) report increased homosexuality, bisexuality, and asexuality, but decreased heterosexuality. It is important to increase awareness about increased non‐heterosexuality in ASD among autistic populations, medical professionals and care‐takers, so as to provide specialized care, if needed and increase support and inclusion for non‐heterosexual autistic individuals.
A Small Organic Molecule Blocks EGFR Transport into the Nucleus by the Nonclassical Pathway Resulting in Repression of Cancer Invasion
Authors: Ha Siyoung , Jeong Jangho , Oh Jiwon , Rhee Sangmyung , Ham Seung Wook 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn addition to the traditional epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways, nuclear EGFR has been shown to control multiple cellular functions, including cell proliferation and invasion. It has been reported that EGFR is transported into the nucleus after forming a complex with KPNA/KPNB1 or KPNB1. Herein, it is shown that EGFR can interact with both KP and KPNA, but EGF‐activated EGFR mostly binds with KPNB1 through the pull‐down assay. Also, a small organic molecule (1), an effective binder of KPNB1, inhibits the interaction between EGFR and KPNB1 in the nonclassical transport pathway, but not KPNA. Furthermore, treatment of cancer cells with 1 noticeably blocks the nuclear entry of EGFR, which results in significant suppression of invasion by lung cancer H1299 cells. These findings show that 1 is an effective inhibitor of EGFR/KPNB1 interactions in vitro, it may be used in cellular studies as a tool to determine the role of nuclear EGFR, and it is a drug candidate.
Ir‐Catalyzed Asymmetric and Regioselective Hydrogenation of Cyclic Allylsilanes and Generation of Quaternary Stereocenters via the Hosomi‐Sakurai Allylation
Authors: Rabten Wangchuk , Margarita Cristiana , Eriksson Lars , Andersson Pher G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA number of cyclic dienes containing the allylsilane moiety were prepared by a Birch reduction and subjected to iridium‐catalyzed regioselective and asymmetric hydrogenation, which provided chiral allylsilanes in high conversion and enantiomeric excess (up to 99 % ee). The compounds were successively used in the Hosomi–Sakurai allylation with various aldehydes employing TiCl4 as Lewis acid, providing adducts with two additional stereogenic centers in excellent diastereoselectivity.
Photosensitization of Molecular Oxygen on Graphene Oxide for Ultrasensitive Signal Amplification
Authors: Zhang Xinfeng , Deng Li , Huang Chengpeng , Zhang Jinyi , Hou Xiandeng , Wu Peng , Liu Juewen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractH2O2 and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) are commonly used together in bioassays. HRP is required to accelerate the reaction between a chromogenic substrate (e.g., 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) and H2O2, and thus amplifies the signal. Herein, molecular oxygen for enzyme‐free and H2O2‐free oxidation is explored, still using the same colorimetric reaction. Restricted by spin selection rules, the ground‐state triplet oxygen needs to be converted to the singlet state to oxidize TMB. Phloxine B (PB) is used as the photosensitizer because of its excellent performance and safety. Under green light irradiation, each PB has a turnover of approximately 51 TMB molecules in 20 min, making PB a “molecular enzyme mimic” for signal amplification. With its small size, multiple PB molecules are loaded on a graphene oxide nanosheet to design a modified enzyme‐linked immunosorbance (ELISA) assay (termed photosensitization immunosorbent assay, PISA), improving the 1:1 enzyme/target ratio to n:1. PISA is more sensitive for carcinoembryonic antigen than a commercial ELISA kit, and successfully measures the antigen in the serum of multiple cancer patients. This simple and green method of oxidation coupled with the small size of the photosensitizer and graphene oxide may enable many other applications in biosensor development, smart materials, and energy harvesting.
Community assessment techniques and the implications for rarefaction and extrapolation with Hill numbers
Authors: Cox Kieran D. , Black Morgan J. , Filip Natalia , Miller Matthew R. , Mohns Kayla , Mortimor James , Freitas Thaise R. , Greiter Loerzer Raquel , Gerwing Travis G. , Juanes Francis , Dudas Sarah E. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDiversity estimates play a key role in ecological assessments. Species richness and abundance are commonly used to generate complex diversity indices that are dependent on the quality of these estimates. As such, there is a long‐standing interest in the development of monitoring techniques, their ability to adequately assess species diversity, and the implications for generated indices. To determine the ability of substratum community assessment methods to capture species diversity, we evaluated four methods: photo quadrat, point intercept, random subsampling, and full quadrat assessments. Species density, abundance, richness, Shannon diversity, and Simpson diversity were then calculated for each method. We then conducted a method validation at a subset of locations to serve as an indication for how well each method captured the totality of the diversity present. Density, richness, Shannon diversity, and Simpson diversity estimates varied between methods, despite assessments occurring at the same locations, with photo quadrats detecting the lowest estimates and full quadrat assessments the highest. Abundance estimates were consistent among methods. Sample‐based rarefaction and extrapolation curves indicated that differences between Hill numbers (richness, Shannon diversity, and Simpson diversity) were significant in the majority of cases, and coverage‐based rarefaction and extrapolation curves confirmed that these dissimilarities were due to differences between the methods, not the sample completeness. Method validation highlighted the inability of the tested methods to capture the totality of the diversity present, while further supporting the notion of extrapolating abundances. Our results highlight the need for consistency across research methods, the advantages of utilizing multiple diversity indices, and potential concerns and considerations when comparing data from multiple sources.
AHNS Series: Do you know your guidelines? Guideline recommendations for head and neck cancer of unknown primary site
Authors: Eskander Antoine , Ghanem Tamer , Agrawal Amit ,   The Education Committee of American Head and Neck Society (AHNS)
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article reviews the clinical practice guidelines for head and neck oncology focusing on the management of head and neck cancers of unknown primary (CUP). The primary purpose of this series is to raise awareness of the current guidelines in head and neck oncology by reviewing the recommendations and the evidence supporting such recommendations, particularly those published by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). We review the importance of a thorough history and physical examination, the impact of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) eighth edition changes and the importance of immunohistochemistry, the timing and type of imaging, the role of panendoscopy and tonsillectomy (palatine and lingual), and the role of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy in the primary management of these tumors.
Hormonal contraceptive use and vitamin A deficiency among women in Tanzania
Authors: Haile Zelalem T. , Teweldeberhan Asli K. , Chavan Bhakti , Francescon John 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between hormonal contraceptive use and vitamin A deficiency among women in Tanzania.MethodsSecondary analysis of data from 8231 women who participated in the 2010 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey. Both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed.ResultsOverall, 1291 (weight percentage 17.8%) women reported a history of hormonal contraceptive use. The weighted prevalence of vitamin A deficiency was 36.9% (n=3027). After adjustment for potential confounders, women with hormonal contraceptive use had lower odds of vitamin A deficiency (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66–0.94; P=0.009). There was a negative dose–response relationship between duration of hormonal contraceptive use and vitamin A deficiency. As compared with non‐users, the odds of vitamin A deficiency decreased significantly among women who used hormonal contraceptives for 1–12 months (aOR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.40–0.84; P=0.004) and more than 12 months (aOR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.15–0.46; P<0.001). Women with a history of using oral contraceptive pills had a lower odds of vitamin A deficiency versus non‐users (aOR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.37–0.65; P<0.001).ConclusionIn addition to contraceptive effectiveness, hormonal contraception use might have nutritional benefit in preventing vitamin A deficiency.
Comparison of quantitative regional ventilation‐weighted fourier decomposition MRI with dynamic fluorinated gas washout MRI and lung function testing in COPD patients
Authors: Kaireit Till F. , Gutberlet Marcel , Voskrebenzev Andreas , Freise Julia , Welte Tobias , Hohlfeld Jens M. , Wacker Frank , Vogel‐Claussen Jens 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundVentilation‐weighted Fourier decomposition‐MRI (FD‐MRI) has matured as a reliable technique for quantitative measures of regional lung ventilation in recent years, but has yet not been validated in COPD patients.Purpose/HypothesisTo compare regional fractional lung ventilation obtained by ventilation‐weighted FD‐MRI with dynamic fluorinated gas washout MRI (19F‐MRI) and lung function test parameters.Study TypeProspective study.PopulationTwenty‐seven patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, median age 61 [54–67] years) were included.Field Strength/SequenceFor FD‐MRI and for 19F‐MRI a spoiled gradient echo sequence was used at 1.5T.AssessmentFD‐MRI coronal slices were acquired in free breathing. Dynamic 19F‐MRI was performed after inhalation of 25–30 L of a mixture of 79% fluorinated gas (C3F8) and 21% oxygen via a closed face mask tubing using a dedicated coil tuned to 59.9 MHz. 19F washout times in numbers of breaths (19F‐nbreaths) as well as fractional ventilation maps for both methods (FD‐FV, 19F‐FV) were calculated. Slices were matched using a landmark driven algorithm, and only corresponding slices with an overlap of >90% were coregistered for evaluation.Statistical TestsThe obtained parameters were correlated with each other using Spearman's correlation coefficient (r).ResultsFD‐FV strongly correlated with 19F‐nbreaths on a global (r = –0.72, P < 0.0001) as well as on a lobar level and with lung function test parameters (FD‐FV vs. FEV1, r = 0.76, P < 0.0001). There was a small systematic overestimation of FD‐FV compared to 19F‐FV (mean difference –0.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.097; –0.045).Data ConclusionRegional ventilation‐weighted Fourier decomposition‐MRI is a promising noninvasive, radiation‐free tool for quantification of regional ventilation in COPD patients.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1534–1541.
Can overnight stenting be safely eliminated following a pharyngeal flap? A matched comparison study
Authors: Wineland Andre M. , Meinzen‐Derr Jareen , Willging Paul 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveDetermine if overnight stenting is warranted after pharyngeal flap for management of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) in pediatric patientsMethodsThis is a retrospective age‐matched cohort study from a single tertiary pediatric facility. Patients who underwent a posterior pharyngeal flap for VPI from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2016, were included. Two equal groups were constructed based on when their nasal stents were removed, that is, postoperative day (POD) 0 or POD 1. Primary outcome measure was oxygen desaturation after surgery. Secondary outcome measures were total length of stay, need for narcotics, and oral intake based on POD. Additional information was gathered and evaluated as possible prognostic variables.ResultsThere were 27 matched pairs included in the study. One patient from each group required supplemental oxygen during the night of surgery. No escalation of care was needed in either case. The group whose stents were removed on POD 0 were discharged earlier than the group whose stents were removed on POD 1, P < 0.0001. The POD 0 group took significantly more oral intake on POD 0 than the POD 1 group, P = 0.03. The POD 0 group had significantly more genetic syndromes than the POD 1 group, P = 0.02.ConclusionThere was no benefit with overnight stenting. Earlier discharge from the hospital was achieved in the POD 0 group. No patient experienced need for reintubation, escalation of clinical care, postoperative hemorrhage, or death.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:750–755, 2018
Experimental investigation of GafChromic® EBT3 intrinsic energy dependence with kilovoltage x rays, 137Cs, and 60Co
Authors: Hammer Cliff G. , Rosen Benjamin Saul , Fagerstrom Jessica M. , Culberson Wesley S. , DeWerd Larry A. 
Published: November 2017

PurposeTo determine experimentally the intrinsic energy response, kbq, of EBT3 GafChromic® radiochromic film with kilovoltage x rays, 137Cs, and 60Co in therapeutic and diagnostic dose ranges through direct measurement with an accompanying mathematical approach to describe the physical processes involved.MethodsThe EBT3 film was irradiated with known doses using 60Co, 137Cs, and 13 NIST‐matched kilovoltage x‐ray beams. Seven dose levels, ranging from 57 to 7002 mGy, were chosen for this work. Monte Carlo methods were used to convert air‐kerma rates to dose rates to the film active layer for each energy. A total of 738 film dosimeters, each measuring (1.2 × 1.2) cm2, were cut from three film sheets out of the same lot of the latest version of EBT3 film, to allow for multiple dosimeters to be irradiated by each target dose and beam quality as well as unirradiated dosimeters to be used as controls. Net change in optical density in excess of the unirradiated controls was measured using the UWMRRC Laser Densitometry System (LDS). The dosimeter intrinsic energy response, kbq, for each dose level was determined relative to 60Co, as the ratio of dosimeter response to each beam quality relative to the absorbed dose to the film active volume at the same dose level. A simplified, single‐hit mathematical model was used to derive a single‐free‐parameter, β, which is a proportionality constant that is dependent on beam quality and describes the microdosimetric interactions within the active layer of film. The response of β for each beam quality relative to 60Co was also determined.Resultskbq was determined for a wide range of doses and energies. The results show a unique variation of kbq as a function of energy, and agree well with results from other investigations. There was no measurable dose dependence for kbq within the 500–7002 mGy range outside of the expanded measurement uncertainty of 3.65% (k = 2). For doses less than 500 mGy, the signal‐to‐noise ratio was too low to determine kbq accurately. The single‐free‐parameter, β, fit calculations derived from the single‐hit model show a correlation with kbq that suggests that β, at least in part, characterizes the microdosimetric interactions that determine kbq.ConclusionsFor the beam qualities investigated, a single energy‐dependent kbq correction can be used for doses between 500 and 7002 mGy. Using the single‐hit model with the single‐free‐parameter fit to solve for β shows promise in the determination of the intrinsic energy response of film, with β being the mathematical analog of the measured kbq.
Phase‐sensitive B1 mapping: Effects of relaxation and RF spoiling
Authors: Wen Jie , Sukstanskii Alexander L. , Yablonskiy Dmitriy A. 
Published: November 2017

PurposeTo develop a phase‐based B1 mapping technique accounting for the effects of imperfect RF spoiling and magnetization relaxation.Theory and MethodsThe technique is based on a multi‐gradient‐echo sequence with 2 successive orthogonal radiofrequency (RF) excitation pulses followed by the train of gradient echoes measurements. We have derived a theoretical expression relating the MR signal phase produced by the 2 successive RF pulses to the B1 field and B0‐related frequency shift. The expression takes into account effects of imperfections of RF spoiling and T1 and
relaxations.ResultsOur computer simulations and experiments revealed that imperfections of RF spoiling cause significant errors in B1 mapping if not accounted for. By accounting for these effects along with effects of magnetization relaxation and frequency shift, we demonstrated the high accuracy of our approach. The technique has been tested on spherical phantoms and a healthy volunteer.ConclusionIn this paper, we have proposed, implemented, and demonstrated the accuracy of a new phase‐based technique for fast and robust B1 mapping based on the measured MR signal phase, frequency, and relaxation. Because imperfect RF spoiling effects are accounted for, this technique can be applied with short TRs and therefore substantially reduces the scan time. Magn Reson Med 80:101–111, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Sacral neuromodulation and pregnancy: Results of a national survey carried out for the neuro‐urology committee of the French Association of Urology (AFU)
Authors: Roulette Pauline , Castel‐Lacanal Evelyne , Sanson Sylvain , Caremel Romain , Phé Véronique , Bart Stéphane , Duchêne Franck , De Sèze Marianne , Even Alexia , Manunta Andréa , Scheiber‐Nogueira Maria C. , Mouracade Pascal , Loche Catherine‐Marie , Chartier‐Kastler Emmanuel , Ruffion Alain , Karsenty Gilles , Gamé Xavier 
Published: November 2017

AimsTo assess the impact of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) on pregnancy and vice‐versa, by identifying women who had received SNM for lower‐urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and had become pregnant.MethodsA cross‐sectional descriptive study was carried out based on responses to an on‐line questionnaire sent to practitioners listed on the InterStim enCaptureTM National Registry. Questions were related to pre‐pregnancy health and SNM efficacy, deactivation of the device, its impact on LUTS, childbirth, the infant, its reactivation and postpartum effectiveness.ResultsTwenty‐seven pregnancies were recorded among 21 women. Six women had had a pregnancy prior to implantation, two of whom had had a c‐section. A total of 18.5% of women had the device disabled prior to conception. The others had their device disabled during the first trimester and did not reactivate it before delivery. Complications were reported in 25.9% of pregnancies: six women had urinary infections, including three of the four treated for chronic retention of urine (CRU), and 1 woman had pain at the stimulation site. There were 24 live births (including one premature birth and four c‐sections), one spontaneous miscarriage and two voluntary interruptions of pregnancy. No neonatal disorders have been reported. Effectiveness of sacral neuromodulation decreased in 20% in postpartum.ConclusionsIn 27 pregnancies established during SNM for LUTS, 18.5% of patients deactivated their case before pregnancy and the others switched it off during the first trimester. Three‐quarters of women with CRU had urinary infection. No adverse effects on fetuses were found. SNM effectiveness deteriorated in 20% cases after childbirth.
TICT excited states of o‐ and p‐N,N‐dimethylamino analogues of GFP chromophore
Authors: Sung Robert , Sung Kuangsen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEven though all the p‐N,N‐dimethylaminobenzonitrile (p‐DMABN), cis‐o‐DMABDI, and cis‐p‐DMABDI (the N,N‐dimethylamino analogues of green fluorescence protein chromophore) have the same electron‐donating N,N‐dimethylamino group, unlike the dual fluorescence of p‐DMABN, both cis‐o‐DMABDI and cis‐p‐DMABDI display single fluorescence. To figure out the interesting phenomena, the CAM‐TD‐B3LYP method and the cc‐pVDZ basis set were used to explore geometries, molecular orbitals, electronic transition, dipole moment, and potential energy surfaces of the S1 excited states of cis‐o‐DMABDI and cis‐p‐DMABDI. We found that the S1 excited states of cis‐o‐DMABDI and cis‐p‐DMABDI are 1(π, π*) charge transfer excited states with twisted structures, where the N,N‐dimethylaminobenzene moiety functions as an electron donor, the methyleneimidazolone moiety serves as an electron acceptor, and the electron donor is linked with the electron acceptor by the C─C single bond (P‐bond). The fluorescent emissions of cis‐o‐DMABDI and cis‐p‐DMABDI predicted by the CAM‐TD‐B3LYP/cc‐pVDZ level are quite consistent with the experimental results. For the cis‐o‐DMABDI and cis‐p‐DMABDI, the S1 locally excited state is less stable than the S1 twisted intramolecular charge transfer state, and the S1 LE state is not a stationary point (global minimum). That is why both cis‐o‐DMABDI and cis‐p‐DMABDI display single fluorescence.