bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
John Company Armed: The English East India Company, the Anglo-Mughal War and Absolutist Imperialism, c. 1675–1690
Authors: Vaughn James M. 
Published: September 2017

During the 1670s and 1680s, the English East India Company pursued an aggressive programme of imperial expansion in the Asian maritime world, culminating in a series of armed assaults on the Mughal Empire. With important exceptions, most scholarship has viewed the Company's coercive imperialism in the later seventeenth century and the First Anglo-Mughal War as the results primarily, if not exclusively, of political and economic conditions in South Asia. This article re-examines and re-interprets this burst of imperial expansion in light of political developments in England and the wider English empire during the later Stuart era. The article contends that the Company's aggressive overseas expansion was pursued for metropolitan and pan-imperial purposes as much as for South Asian ones. The corporation sought to centralise and militarise the English presence in Asia in order both to maintain its control of England's trade to the East and in support of Stuart absolutism. By the eve of the Glorious Revolution, the Company's aggressive imperialism formed part of a wider political project to create an absolute monarchy in England and to establish an autocratic English empire overseas.
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children admitted with fever in emergency department with or without sepsis
Authors: Costa de Santana Mariana , Duarte Mello Amoedo Caroline , Nascimento-Carvalho Cristiana Maria 
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Sepsis is a major cause of childhood death worldwide. In developing countries, epidemiological data about sepsis is scarce. This study describes and compares the frequency of etiological agents and initial sites of infection in children with or without sepsis, identifying risk factors and assessing outcomes.
Methodology: Clinical and demographic data from patients < 13 years of age with reported fever in a pediatric emergency department were collected and registered in forms. Patients were classified as with or without sepsis according to Goldstein et al.’s criteria [6].
Results: Of 254 patients, 120 (47%) did and 134 (53%) did not meet the sepsis definition. Overall, the median age (IQR) was 1.7 (0.8–3.9) years, and 153 (60%) were boys. Patients with sepsis were older (2.8 [1.1–5.3] versus 1.3 [0.6–2.9] years; p < 0.001) and had sickle-cell disease more frequently (7.6% versus 0.8%; p = 0.007). By multiple logistic regression, age and sickle-cell disease were independently associated with sepsis. The most frequent initial infections were pneumonia (43.7%), diarrhea (17.3%) and cellulitis/adenitis (13.0%). The frequency of these did not differ when patients with or without sepsis were compared. Etiology was established in 57 (22.4%) patients, 32 (26.7%), and 25 (18.7%) with or without sepsis, respectively. Four (3.3%) patients died in the sepsis subgroup, whereas none died in the other subgroup.
Conclusions: Children who met the 2005 international consensus definition of sepsis showed differences in age and comorbidities (sickle-cell disease) upon admission and were more likely to die.
Instruments à la disposition des pouvoirs publics pour encourager une meilleure mobilité des Belges : focus sur le péage urbain et recherche de l’optimum
Authors: Duchateau Hugues , Duvigneaud Louis , Speth Christophe 
Published: September 2017

Sur base de modèles de choix discrets couplés à des outils de modélisation du trafic, il est proposé de définir un scénario de tarification routière optimale pour la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, ainsi que de quantifier les impacts de différents scénarios alternatifs de tarification sur la congestion, les émissions de polluants et l’utilisation des autres modes de transport. Avec une tarification optimale (au coût marginal de congestion) partout et à toute heure, la réduction de trafic au sein de la RBC serait de l’ordre de 13 % pendant la pointe matinale. Un tel scénario de tarification demeure purement théorique, et ne peut pas être reproduit avec les technologies de tarification actuelles (ou alors à un coût prohibitif), car le tarif devrait varier pour chaque voirie en fonction de son niveau de congestion, et ce à toute heure. Néanmoins, ce résultat permet de localiser l’optimum et de calculer le tarif moyen correspondant. Un péage de zone de 3 €/jour constitue un scénario alternatif de tarification. Pour ce dernier, le modèle prévoit une réduction de trafic de l’ordre de 11 %. Classification JEL : R480, R410, D620
Innovative Use of Service-Learning to Enhance Baccalaureate Nursing Education
Authors: Taylor Wanda , Pruitt Rosanne , Fasolino Tracy 
Published: September 2017

Background:Service-learning is an established pedagogical approach to nursing education found primarily in community nursing. With changing health care landscapes, the expansion of service-learning projects throughout the nursing program provides opportunities to enrich assessment and critical thinking and amplify exposure to determinants of health.Method:Implementing service-learning in foundational nursing courses allows students to be challenged with the application of complex care management within a context of caring, cultural competence, social responsibility, and self-care initiatives.Results:Integrating service-learning throughout the nursing curriculum has the potential to make positive, sustainable changes within a community, while simultaneously preparing students to view clients holistically, think critically, and develop cultural competence.Conclusion:Enhancing nursing curriculum by integrating service-learning opportunities can strengthen the learning experience and foster concepts of caring, social responsibility, cultural competence, and self-care. Working with community leaders from diverse groups can lead to sustainable projects that simultaneously benefit the community and nursing education. [J Nurs Educ.2017;56(9):560–563.]
The long-term impact of wheelchair delivery on the lives of people with disabilities in three countries of the world
Authors: Shore Susan 
Published: September 2017

Background: Lack of access to mobility for people with disabilities, particularly in less- resourced settings, continues to be widespread. Despite challenges to wheelchair delivery, the benefits to health, employment, social integration and life satisfaction are apparent.Objectives: Previous studies have explored the impact of receiving a wheelchair on the lives of the users through cross-sectional or short-term longitudinal analysis. The current study was undertaken to evaluate whether previously reported changes were sustained after 30 months of use, and whether results varied between two differing models of a wheelchair.Method: One hundred and ninety-one subjects from Peru, Uganda and Vietnam received one of two models of wheelchair provided by the Free Wheelchair Mission. Using interviews to record survey results, data were collected at the time the wheelchair was received and following 12 and 30 months of use. Variables of overall health, employment, income and travel were explored through non-parametric analysis.Results: There was a significant improvement in overall health and distance travelled after 12 months, but these changes were no longer significant by 30 months (Friedman test for overall change, p = 0.000). Employment status showed a small but significant increase at 12 and 30 months (Cochran’s Q, p = 0.000). Reported income increased slowly, becoming significantly different at 30 months (Friedman test, p = 0.033). There was no association between the model of wheelchair received and the incidence of pressure ulcers, pain or maintenance required. There was higher satisfaction with the GEN_2 wheelchair at 12 months (p = 0.004), but this difference was not apparent by 30 months. Overall wheelchair satisfaction and maintenance levels were favourable.Conclusion: While overall health status, and distance travelled into the community fluctuated over time, receipt of one of two models of a wheelchair in less-resourced settings of the world appears to have a positive sustained impact on employment and income. Further investigations should be carried out to confirm these results and explore the factors responsible for fluctuating variables. This study affirms the importance of long-term follow-up of outcomes associated with wheelchair distribution in less-resourced environments.
On the Invariant Factors of Class Groups in Towers of Number Fields
Authors: Hajir Farshid , Maire Christian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFor a finite abelian p-group A of rank d = dim A/pA, let A := be its (logarithmic) mean exponent. We study the behavior of themean exponent of p-class groups in pro-p towers L/K of number fields. Via a combination of results from analytic and algebraic number theory, we construct infinite tamely ramified pro-p towers in which the mean exponent of p-class groups remains bounded. Several explicit examples are given with p = 2. Turning to group theory, we introduce an invariant attached to a finitely generated pro-p group G; when G = Gal(L/K), where L is the Hilbert p-class field tower of a number field K, measures the asymptotic behavior of the mean exponent of p-class groups inside L/K. We compare and contrast the behavior of this invariant in analytic versus non-analytic groups. We exploit the interplay of group-theoretical and number-theoretical perspectives on this invariant and explore some open questions that arise as a result, which may be of independent interest in group theory.
Remarks on Inner Functions and Optimal Approximants
Authors: Bénéteau Catherine , Fleeman Matthew C. , Khavinson Dmitry S. , Seco Daniel , Sola Alan A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe discuss the concept of inner function in reproducing kernelHilbert spaces with an orthogonal basis of monomials and examine connections between inner functions and optimal polynomial approximants to 1/f, wherefis a function in the space. We revisit some classical examples from this perspective, and show how a construction of Shapiro and Shields can be modiûed to produce inner functions.
The variability in the relationship between black carbon and carbon monoxide over the eastern coast of China: BC aging during transport
Authors: Guo Qingfeng , Hu Min , Guo Song , Wu Zhijun , Peng Jianfei , Wu Yusheng 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. East Asia is a densely populated region with a myriad of primary emissions of pollutants such as black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO). To characterize primary emissions over the eastern coast of China, a series of field campaigns were conducted in 2011, including measurements from a ship cruise, island, and coastal receptor sites. The relationship between BC and CO is presented here for the first ship cruise (C1), the second ship cruise (C2), an island site (Changdao Island, CD), and a coastal site (Wenling, WL). The average BC mass concentrations were 2.43, 2.73, 1.09, 0.94, and 0.77 µg m−3 for CD, WL, C1-YS (Yellow Sea), C1-ES (East China Sea), and C2-ES, respectively. For those locations, the average CO mixing ratios were 0.55, 0.48, 0.31, 0.36, and 0.27 ppm. The high loadings of both BC and CO imply severe anthropogenic pollution over the eastern coast of China. Additionally, the linear correlation between BC and CO was regressed for each location. The slopes, i.e., the ratios of ΔBC to ΔCO derived from their relationship, correlated well with the ratios of diesel consumption to gasoline consumption in each province/city, which reveals vehicular emission to be the common source for BC and CO and that there are distinct fuel structures between North and South China. The ΔBC/ΔCO values at coastal sites (Changdao Island and Wenling) were much higher than those over the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, and the correlation coefficients also showed a decreasing trend from the coast to the sea. Therefore, the quantity of ΔBC/ΔCO and the correlation coefficients are possible indicators for the aging and removal of BC.
Global manure nitrogen production and application in cropland during 1860–2014: a 5 arcmin gridded global dataset for Earth system modeling
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Tian Hanqin , Lu Chaoqun , Dangal Shree R. S. , Yang Jia , Pan Shufen 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Given the important role of nitrogen input from livestock systems in terrestrial nutrient cycles and the atmospheric chemical composition, it is vital to have a robust estimation of the magnitude and spatiotemporal variation in manure nitrogen production and its application to cropland across the globe. In this study, we used the dataset from the Global Livestock Impact Mapping System (GLIMS) in conjunction with country-specific annual livestock populations to reconstruct the manure nitrogen production during 1860–2014. The estimated manure nitrogen production increased from 21.4 Tg N yr−1 in 1860 to 131.0 Tg N yr−1 in 2014 with a significant annual increasing trend (0.7 Tg N yr−1, p < 0.01). Changes in manure nitrogen production exhibited high spatial variability and concentrated in several hotspots (e.g., Western Europe, India, northeastern China, and southeastern Australia) across the globe over the study period. In the 1860s, the northern midlatitude region was the largest manure producer, accounting for ∼ 52 % of the global total, while low-latitude regions became the largest share (∼ 48 %) in the most recent 5 years (2010–2014). Among all the continents, Asia accounted for over one-fourth of the global manure production during 1860–2014. Cattle dominated the manure nitrogen production and contributed ∼ 44 % of the total manure nitrogen production in 2014, followed by goats, sheep, swine, and chickens. The manure nitrogen application to cropland accounts for less than one-fifth of the total manure nitrogen production over the study period. The 5 arcmin gridded global dataset of manure nitrogen production generated from this study could be used as an input for global or regional land surface and ecosystem models to evaluate the impacts of manure nitrogen on key biogeochemical processes and water quality. To ensure food security and environmental sustainability, it is necessary to implement proper manure management practices on cropland across the globe. Datasets are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871980 (Zhang et al., 2017).
De onbelemmerde richtlijnconforme uitleg van artikel 9a Waadi
Authors: Houweling A.R. 
Published: September 2017

De onbelemmerde richtlijnconforme uitleg van artikel 9a Waadi
In artikel 9a Waadi is een verbod op het stellen van belemmeringsbedingen bij ‘terbeschikkingstelling van arbeidskrachten’ opgenomen. Aanleiding voor dit verbod was de equivalent in de Uitzendrichtlijn die Nederland moest implementeren. De parlementaire geschiedenis van artikel 9a Waadi geeft geen houvast voor de uitleg van het precieze bereik van het artikel. Er wordt enkel verwezen naar de Uitzendrichtlijn die deels via de Waadi in de Nederlandse wetgeving is geïmplementeerd. Bijgevolg is voor het bereik van artikel 9a Waadi het bereik van artikel 6 lid 2 Uitzendrichtlijn van belang. Het Hof van Justitie van de EU heeft tot op heden geen uitspraak gedaan over het precieze bereik van artikel 6 lid 2 Uitzendrichtlijn. Dit maakt het oordeel van de Hoge Raad van 14 april 2017 (ECLI:NL:HR:2017:689, JAR 2017/136, m.nt. F.G. Laagland (zzp’er/Focus on Human B.V.)) en diens weigering prejudiciële vragen te stellen extra interessant. De auteur staat in dit commentaar stil bij twee vragen:Beschermt artikel 9a Waadi ook een ex-werknemer die bij de inlener op basis van een overeenkomst van opdracht (geen arbeidsovereenkomst) werkzaamheden gaat verrichten? En zo ja, bieden de tekst en toelichting van artikel 9a Waadi de nationale rechter voldoende ruimte richtlijnconform te interpreteren?Beschermt artikel 9a Waadi ook de werknemer die reeds een vast contract heeft bij de uitlener?
Eerst Enerco en Amsta, en nu de praktijk
Authors: Duk Rogier A.A. 
Published: September 2017

Eerst Enerco en Amsta, en nu de praktijk
De auteur behandelt op basis van zijn ervaringen als advocaat in stakingszaken de praktische consequenties van de arresten van de Hoge Raad uit 2014 (Enerco) en 2015 (Amsta) en tracht af te wegen tot welke voor- en nadelen de omslag in de jurisprudentie kan leiden.
The Voice Interface Implementation in the Prototype of a Mobile Computer-Aided Aircraft Technical Support System
Authors: Golański Piotr , Szczekała Marek 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The article concerns the use of computer support systems for technical support in the difficult conditions. The term difficult conditions should be understood as such conditions, in which an operation is carried out in a specific location, impeding or preventing the use of the computer. In such cases, computers integrated with operators’ working clothes (wearable computers) should be used, with which the communication takes place using voice. This article shows the attempt to resolve the problem of voice communications in a portable system to handle aircraft M-28.
Energy Profiles as a Method for Minimizing Weight of Hybrid Power Supply Systems
Authors: Adamczyk Arkadiusz 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This article presents an analysis of energy demand by a group of portable military use appliances. This analysis was used by the author to offer an solution aimed at reducing the weight of the power supply system. This solution is based on energy profiles which were derived from the analyses and measurements, and on applying appropriately modified hybrid supply sources. Catalogue data are often used in support of an analysis of performance of electronic appliances. For a user, documents prepared by a manufacturer are the main source of information concerned with the amount and quality of electric energy sources required for the appliance to work properly. Investigations carried out in real conditions often verify this data, which provides a base for seeking alternative solutions in the course of designing new sources of power, e.g. such as the ones proposed in the article.
Operational Diagnostics Synthesis of the Naval Gas Turbines Operated by the Polish Navy
Authors: Pojawa Bogdan 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The article presents overall energy research conducted by the Polish Naval Academy for the purpose of operational diagnostics of the naval gas turbines operated by the Polish Navy. In this article are presented the purpose and methodology of research, identification of the object of research and test equipment used for research. The research results will be presented in another article Analysis operational parameters of the naval gas turbines. As far as the Polish Navy vessels are concerned, there were four types of the naval gas turbines operated in the years 1983-2003: DE 59, DR 76, DR 77 and LM 2500. Currently, since 2013, there are four LM 2500 engines in service, which drive ‘Oliver Hazard Perry’ type missile frigates. In the near term, an another LM 2500 engine along with a 661M type patrol boat will become operational. Within the framework of energy research, the engine starting process, running on idle and in the whole range of variation of load as well as the process of stopping the engines will be placed under systematic operational surveillance.
Multivariate Validated Models for Simultaneous Determination of Ibuprofen and Famotidine in the Presence of Related Substances
Authors: Elzanfaly Eman S , Zaazaa Hala E , Soudi Aya T , Salem Maissa Y 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Two multivariate validated spectrophotometric methods, namely partial least-squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR), were developed and validated for the determination of ibuprofen and famotidine in presence of famotidine degradation products and ibuprofen impurity (4-isobutylacetophenone). A calibration set was prepared in which the two drugs together with the degradation products and impurity were modeled using a multilevel multifactor design. This calibration set was used to build the PLS and PCR models. The proposed models successfully predicted the concentrations of both drugs in validation samples, with low root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) percentage. The method was validated by the estimate of the figures of merit depending on the net analyte signal. The results of the two models showed that the simultaneous determination of both drugs could be performed in the concentration ranges of 100–500 µg/mL for ibuprofen and 5–25 µg/mL for famotidine. The proposed multivariate calibration methods were applied for the determination of ibuprofen and famotidine in their pharmaceutical formulation, and the results were verified by the standard addition technique.
Pour une poétique du blanc1
Authors: Rochebouet Anne 
Published: September 2017

L’espace blanc, envisagé ici comme une surface vide, souvent ignoré, est pourtant un élément essentiel de la structuration et de la mise en texte, en page et en livre à l’époque médiévale. Trois exemples, de la plus petite à la plus grande surface concernée, permettent ici de l’envisager, en présentant des champs de réflexion à développer. Ainsi le blanc entre les mots, réévalué par les linguistes avec notamment les travaux de Nelly Andrieux-Reix et Simone Monsonego, est aujourd’hui considéré comme un outil pour appréhender la conscience linguistique des copistes ; il pourrait ainsi permettre de nouvelles approches dans les manuscrits écrits dans des zones de contact linguistique, comme les manuscrits copiés en Italie. Le trou dans le support manuscrit peut quant à lui être utilisé dans des mises en scène esthétiques et graphiques complexes, qui font écho et dialoguent avec le texte copié autour de lui, comme on le voit dans le Roi Flore et la belle Jeanne, lors de la scène du bain interrompu par Raoul (Paris, BnF, fr. 24430). Enfin, l’utilisation d’espaces blancs et la distribution et l’agencement des éléments sur la page (module des écritures, rubriques, place des illustrations, présence ou non de bouts-de-lignes) dans le Double Lai de fragilité humaine du BnF, fr. 20029 permet à Eustache Deschamps d’infléchir l’un des dispositifs de mise en page utilisés pour les traductions. Il inverse ainsi en partie le statut attendu dans ces mises en page pour les deux textes mis en regard.
Lire, écrire et transcrire en strophe d’Hélinand
Authors: Bottex-Ferragne Ariane 
Published: September 2017

Cet article poursuit le double objectif de fournir une analyse du manuscrit BnF, fr. 2199 et de poser certains fondements à une poétique de la réception des littératures médiévales en strophe hélinandienne (8aabaabbbabba). Exclusivement composé de poèmes adoptant ce modèle strophique (Miserere et Carité du Reclus de Molliens, Vers de la mort d’Hélinand de Froidmont), ce recueil de la fin du xiiie siècle présente une diversité d’interventions graphiques qui tendent à rehausser, chacune à leur manière, les caractéristiques formelles des textes qu’il contient. À ce titre, il fournit une occasion privilégiée d’interroger la réception du corpus hélinandien à la lumière des éléments de forme qui ont pu attirer l’attention du lectorat médiéval. Il s’agira dès lors d’aborder la mise en livre singulière de cet ouvrage comme une sorte d’« art poétique visuel » qui permettra, à terme, de pallier certaines lacunes de la documentation textuelle consacrée à ce corpus.