bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An empirical predator‒prey model: Examining the interaction of Florida panthers, white‐tailed deer, and cattle in Florida
Authors: Susaeta Andres , Jensen Frank , Meilby Henrik 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this article, we present a predator‒prey model for Florida panthers (FL panthers), white‐tailed deer (deer) and cattle in Florida. The model is used to construct the following four policy scenarios: (a) joint management of all three species (Scenario 1); (b) a target population size of FL panthers of 240 individuals (Scenario 2); (c) a target population size of FL panthers equal to the carrying capacity (Scenario 3); and (d) a target population size of FL panthers of zero (Scenario 4) (Scenario 4). We parameterized the model for FL panthers, deer and cattle in Florida, which enables us to obtain empirical results for the population, harvest and net benefit of all three species under each policy scenario. When comparing Scenarios 1 and 2, the total net benefit of all three species is only slightly higher in the former case. Under Scenarios 3 and 4, the net benefit of deer changes significantly compared to Scenario 1, while the effect on the net benefit of cattle is minor. When comparing Scenario 1 and an actual situation, we find that the optimal population of FL panthers is only slightly higher than the actual population.
Energy price reforms, exchange rate devaluation and macroeconomic instability: Evidence from Bayesian VAR identified with sign‐and‐zero restrictions
Authors: Iliyasu Jamilu , Abubakar Adamu Usman , Mamman Suleiman O. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study sets out to examine the effects of the interaction of subsidy removal on premium motor spirit (PMS) and exchange rate devaluation on macroeconomic instability in Nigeria. In this regard, this study adopted the Bayesian vector autoregressive model (BVAR) identified with sign‐and‐zero restrictions for annual data between 1985 and 2022. The empirical results reveal that both the removal of subsidies on PMS and the devaluation of the naira exchange rate significantly undermine real gross domestic product (GDP) growth and raise inflationary pressures in Nigeria. One important implication of this finding is that the ongoing subsidy reforms in the energy sector and associated devaluation of the naira exchange rate raise the risk of stagflation in Nigeria. Secondly, the simulation shows that simultaneous subsidy removal on PMS and exchange rate devaluation can trigger macroeconomic instability. This finding implies that stabilising PMS price and the exchange rate is key to achieving macroeconomic stability in Nigeria. Thus, this study recommends that Nigeria should be cautious and act quickly to cushion the price of PMS from the vagaries of foreign exchange market fluctuations to improve macroeconomic stability in the country.
Computer‐Assisted Total Hip Arthroplasty Improves Acetabular Prosthesis Placement Accuracy: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Clinical Study
Authors: Zhou Ge , Geng Xiao , Zhang Ming , Sun Zhiwen , Li Feng , Zhao Minwei , Tian Hua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe long‐term effectiveness of total hip arthroplasty (THA) largely depends on the accuracy of acetabular prosthesis placement. To improve the accuracy of acetabular prosthesis placement, we utilized a new surgical navigation system: visual treatment solution (VTS). The purpose of this study was to verify the efficacy and safety of this system in assisting THA.MethodsThis was a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial. One hundred and twenty‐four patients undergoing primary THAs were included. The experimental group underwent VTS‐assisted THA, and the control group underwent traditional surgical techniques. The main efficacy evaluation indicators were the proportion of anteversion and inclination angles in the Lewinnek safe zone, and secondary evaluation indicators included operation time, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) score, Harris score, short‐form‐36 (SF‐36) score, and hip dislocation rate. Statistical analysis was performed mainly by t‐test and chi‐square test.ResultsThe proportion of both anteversion and inclination angles in the safe zone was 93.1% in the experimental group and 50.9% in the control group; the difference was significant (p < 0.01). The average operation time was 112.5 min in the experimental group and 92.6 min in the control group; the difference was significant (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in WOMAC score, Harris score, or SF‐36 score between the experimental and control groups at 3 months after the operation (p > 0.05). The dislocation rate was 0% in the experimental group and 1.6% in the control group; the difference was not significant (p > 0.05).ConclusionVTS‐assisted THA can significantly improve the accuracy of acetabular prosthesis placement. However, there were no differences in short‐term clinical outcomes or dislocation rates between the two groups.
Elucidating disparities in sunscreen coverage among state Medicaid preferred drug lists
Authors: Schreidah Celine M. , Kent Joshua A. , Adeuyan Oluwaseyi , Gordon Emily R. , Chen Caroline , Lapolla Brigit A. , Fahmy Lauren M. , Queen Dawn , Trager Megan H. , Samie Faramarz H. , Geskin Larisa J. , Lauren Christine T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRegular application of over‐the‐counter (OTC) sunscreen is considered the foundation of skin cancer prevention, yet OTC sunscreen is not eligible for reimbursement in almost all state Medicaid benefit plans. On review of 111 Medicaid preferred drug lists (PDLs) across 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC), only five plans were identified that incorporate coverage of sunscreen. Thus, many recipients of Medicaid, the majority of whom are individuals and families of lower socioeconomic status, may encounter financial difficulty and thus forego utilizing sun protective measures due to financial constraints. Here, we compare current Medicaid coverage of OTC sunscreen and discuss calculated and theoretical annual costs of this skin cancer prevention method.
Storage practice and wastage of pharmaceuticals in Chinese urban‐dwelling households: Description of urban‐dwelling households
Authors: Yang Zhao , Han Xiao , Yang Chao , Zhao Yue , Li Chengyu , Zhu Qiyun , Xue Qingyuan , Zhang Yaoguang , Li Guohong , Jiang Bin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAt‐home storage of medications could pose a threat to public health and the environment if not handled appropriately. Excessive storage also creates health care and economic burdens. This study investigated storage practices, waste, and their determinants in China. Data were collected by pharmacy staff of urban‐dwelling households via online questionnaires. Descriptions at the household and medicine levels were conducted in Stata 16. Individual and family characteristics were associated with the presence of household medicine storage (84.6%, n = 5290), but storage location was poor. Expiration was the primary reason for discarding medicines. Respondents were inclined to buy medicines in pharmacies without prescription for storage purposes at out‐of‐pocket expenses, and 60.7% of medicines were purchased at out‐of‐pocket expenses, despite medical insurance coverage. Regarding wastage, 11.2% of medicines had expired and 38.2% were no longer needed. Purchasing for storage purposes was related to less waste due to expiration, while purchasing for treating acute diseases rather than chronic diseases was related to more waste, due to less for use. Accounting for 12.2% of all medications, antibiotics were associated with expiration and no further need for use. Source‐control measures targeting health facilities, pharmacies, and residents are needed under the combined efforts of all relevant departments.
Exploring barriers and facilitators to feeding children with minimal or no “Junk Food”: Insights from Mexican women
Authors: Théodore Florence L. , Lozada‐Tequeanes Ana Lilia , Alvarado Rocío , Kim‐Herrera Edith Yunessi , García‐Guerra Armando , Rodríguez‐Ramírez Sonia , Bonvecchio Anabelle 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the factors that promote or hinder the feeding of children with minimal or no ultra‐processed products to inform the design of an mHealth strategy in Mexico and prevent child malnutrition among the economically vulnerable.MethodsAn exploratory qualitative study was conducted, involving 24 in‐depth face‐to‐face interviews with caregivers of children aged 24–59 months from both urban and rural communities. To analyze the data, we used thematic analysis and incorporated a few elements of grounded theory.ResultsMore barriers than facilitators were identified. Key barriers included: misconceptions and the widespread availability of junk food through an extensive network of grocery stores; neighbors and family gifting junk food; the association of soda with celebrations; the practice of indulging children with junk food; and the normalization of junk food consumption by both adults and children. Facilitators included: caregivers’ awareness of the health risks associated with junk food; economic constraints limiting junk food purchases; support from husbands in regulating children's junk food consumption; the presence of a family member with diabetes; specific cultural beliefs about children's digestive health; as well as displacement of “healthy” foods that nourish children.ConclusionBased on our findings, we formulated recommendations for interventions at intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy levels to support healthier feeding practices for children.
Exploring Nursing Students’ Metaphorical Perceptions and Cognitive Structures Related to the Global Climate Crisis's Impact on Nursing
Authors: Ediz Çiçek , Uzun Sevda 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the metaphorical perceptions and cognitive structures of Turkish nursing students related to the impact of the global climate crisis on their profession.MethodsResearchers adopted a qualitative approach centered on metaphor analysis and involved 40 Turkish nursing students enrolled in programs in Türkiye during October 2023. Using metaphor analysis and techniques involving writing and drawing, the study uncovered how these students perceive and cognitively structure the influence of the global climate crisis on their nursing careers. The interview form featured the metaphor expression “The reflection of the global climate crisis on nursing is like … because …,” while the drawing component prompted students to determine their perspectives on the climate crisis's impact on nursing through concept drawings. The research adhered to the COREQ checklist.ResultsThe study revealed that nursing students generated 22 metaphors each through written and drawing techniques. Written metaphors were grouped into five categories: psychosocial challenges faced by nurses, patient populations, diseases and coping, burdens on the health system, and the growing importance of various fields within nursing. Drawing technique metaphors were grouped into four categories: nurses and the difficulties they face, the impact of the global climate crisis on the world, the impact of the global climate crisis on the healthcare sector, and the roles and responsibilities of nurses.ConclusionsWhile nursing students expressed diverse opinions, their concerns about the reflection of the global climate crisis on nursing yielded similar emotional responses. Metaphors are mostly focused on psychosocial challenges faced by nurses, the patient population, diseases, and coping mechanisms. The findings underscored nursing students’ concerns about the global climate crisis's impact on both their profession and the broader community.
Exploring the Relationship Between Cyberbullying and Technology Addiction in Adolescents
Authors: Topan Aysel , Anol Siğnem , Taşdelen Yeliz , Kurt Aylin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe present study aims to investigate the relationship between cyberbullying/victimization and technology addiction among Turkish adolescents.Design and methodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted with 572 adolescents between the ages of 14 and 18. The study employed the Bullying and Cyber Bullying Scale for Adolescents (BCS‐A) to evaluate cyber victimization (BCS‐A VCSs) and cyberbullying (BCS‐A BCSs) subdimensions, in conjunction with the Technology Addiction Scale (TAS).ResultsAmong adolescents, 38.5% exhibited a moderate level of technology addiction. The results revealed positive and weak correlations between TAS scores and BCS‐A VCSs (p < 0.001), as well as between BCS‐A VCSs and BCS‐A BCSs scores at a moderate level (p < 0.001). The study revealed that exposure to inappropriate content, encountering humiliating expressions on social media, sending inappropriate messages or videos to friends, and facing threats were significant predictors of BCS‐A VCS scores. Furthermore, the transmission of inappropriate messages or videos, the encounter of cyberbullying victims, the exclusion of friends from online platforms, the experience of distress caused by humiliating expressions, and the sharing of private content were identified as significant predictors of the total BCS‐A BCSs score.ConclusionThe study demonstrated a correlation between elevated technology addiction and involvement in cyberbullying or victimization among adolescents. Moreover, the study identified significant predictors of cyberbullying and cyber victimization. It is recommended that health professionals develop intervention programs for safe technology use and the prevention of cyberbullying and victimization. These programs should aim to raise societal awareness, particularly among parents and teachers.
What does it mean to be European? How identity content shapes adolescent's views towards immigrants and support for the EU
Authors: Mayer Anna‐Maria , Körner Astrid , Jugert Philipp 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAdolescents support Eurosceptic and far‐right movements more and more. Since adolescents' years are a formative period for political orientations, it is important to promote a shared sense of belonging together among Europeans to counteract these tendencies. This could be achieved by fostering a European identity, however, only if its content is civically defined. We examined adolescents' understandings of being European, and how they relate to intolerance, EU support, and other predictors. Our sample included 1206 German adolescents (51% female, Age: M = 14.4, SD = .6, 27% ethnic minority adolescents). European identity was assessed via open answers and five closed questions. We conducted latent class analysis to identify identity classes. Three classes emerged: a living‐based (47%), a culture & value‐based (27%), and an ancestry‐based class (26%). Classes did not differ regarding EU support, but regarding intolerance (highest: ancestry‐based, lowest: culture & value‐based). Our results indicate that German adolescents differed in their understanding of being European and that it is important to consider how youth define Europeanness to understand European identity's effect on their views. Furthermore, our study argues for assessing identity openly to capture nuances of identity content adequately.
Prescribing patterns for older‐age bipolar disorder patients discharged from two public mental hospitals in Taiwan, 2006–2019
Authors: Lin Ching‐Hua , Hsu Ching‐Chi , Chan Hung‐Yu , Chen Jiahn‐Jyh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundOlder‐age bipolar disorder (OABD) is commonly defined as bipolar disorder in individuals aged 60 or more. There have been no studies to examine temporal trends in the pharmacological treatment of OABD. We aimed to investigate prescription changes among OABD patients discharged from two public mental hospitals in Taiwan from 2006 to 2019.MethodsOABD patients discharged from the two study hospitals, from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2019 (n = 1072), entered the analysis. Prescribed drugs at discharge, including mood stabilisers (i.e., lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, and lamotrigine), antipsychotics (i.e., second‐ and first‐generation antipsychotics (SGAs and FGAs)), and antidepressants, were investigated. Complex polypharmacy was defined as the use of three or more agents among the prescribed drugs. Temporal trends of each prescribing pattern were analyzed using the Cochran‐Armitage Trend test.ResultsThe most commonly prescribed drugs were SGAs (72.0%), followed by valproate (48.4%) and antidepressants (21.7%). The prescription rates of SGAs, antidepressants, antidepressants without mood stabilisers, and complex polypharmacy significantly increased over time, whereas the prescription rates of mood stabilisers, lithium, FGAs, and antidepressants plus mood stabilisers significantly decreased.ConclusionsPrescribing patterns changed remarkably for OABD patients over a 14‐year period. The decreased use of lithium and increased use of antidepressants did not reflect bipolar treatment guidelines. Future research should examine whether such prescribing patterns are associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
Contact resolution among Veterans Crisis Line phone and text contacts regarding Veterans Health Administration enrollees
Authors: Li Yufei , Legler Aaron , Bourgeois Jolie , Podlogar Matthew , Lauver MaryGrace , Adams Rachel Sayko , Strombotne Kiersten , Garrido Melissa M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo expand access to suicide prevention and support services, the Veteran Crisis Line (VCL) added text capabilities in 2011. It is unknown whether the likelihood of a contact being terminated by the user varies by contact type. We aimed to assess whether contact resolution varies by contact type after accounting for Veterans' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, contact risk, and reasons for contact.MethodA retrospective cohort study of VCL phone and text contacts regarding identified VHA enrollees between 2016 and 2021 was performed. To examine differences in contact resolution between contact types, inverse probability of treatment weights were used to balance characteristics of text and phone contacts.ResultsRelative to phone contacts, text contacts were associated with 3.39 percentage point (PP) (95% CI, 3.27–3.50; p < 0.001) lower likelihood of receiving an emergency dispatch/welfare check, 2.65 PP (95% CI, 2.55–2.76; p < 0.001) lower likelihood of requiring arrangement for same‐day care, and 9.47 (95% CI, 9.34–9.59; p < 0.001) PP higher likelihood of being terminated by the user.ConclusionsVCL text contact was associated with an increased likelihood of being terminated by the user. Further investigation is needed to understand the reasons for terminating contact for those who texted VCL.
Hair fragility (trichorrhexis nodosa) in alopecic Pomeranian dogs
Authors: Brennan Erin , Juhola Jonna , Ferguson Ewan A. , Loeffler Anette , Cerundolo Rosario , Hendricks Anke , Bond Ross 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile alopecia associated with hair cycle arrest (HCA, Alopecia X) is well‐recognised in Pomeranian dogs, the authors are unaware of reports of concurrent hair fragility.Hypothesis/ObjectivesFollowing the observation of frequent hair shaft abnormalities in alopecic Pomeranians, we hypothesised that hair fragility events would be more frequent in dogs with a phenotype of HCA when compared to dogs with normal coats.AnimalsEight alopecic Pomeranian dogs or crosses with a phenotype of HCA and 36 unaffected Pomeranians with owner‐reported normal hair coats.Materials and MethodsAll affected dogs underwent dermatological examination and clinicopathological evaluations. Hair samples, plucked from affected areas or obtained by brushing from unaffected dogs, were examined microscopically for structural abnormalities. Hair fragility events were characterised as trichorrhexis nodosa (TN) or longitudinal splits and were expressed per 10 mg of hair. A reference interval was calculated from the number of hair fragility events in the samples from unaffected dogs.ResultsThe upper reference limit (with 90% confidence) from samples of 35 unaffected Pomeranians (one outlier excluded) was 9.75 hair fragility events per 10 mg of hair. The median (range) of fragility events in eight dogs with a phenotype of HCA was 66.0 (30.2–166.7) per 10 mg of hair.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceClinicians should routinely perform trichography in Pomeranians with HCA because abundant hair abnormalities, particularly TN, may contribute to poor hair coat quality. Further studies are required to establish the pathophysiology of and treatments for these fragility events and to determine their predictive value for HCA.
Canine exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematosus in two mixed breed littermates
Authors: Dumitrache Mirabela Oana , Ursache Aurora Livia , Toma Corina , Negoescu Andrada , Rietmann Stefan Jonas , Leeb Tosso , Cadiergues Marie‐Christine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCanine exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematosus (ECLE) is the rarest variant of cutaneous lupus in dogs and has strong breed predilections. This report presents the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of two ECLE cases in mixed breed littermates and confirms the expected genetic mutation. A therapeutic response to oclacitinib also is documented.
Evaluation of measurements for tracheal hypoplasia in French bulldogs
Authors: du Preez Marina , Taggart Ryan , Nakahara Nima , Tuke Jonothan , Siow Jia Wen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTracheal narrowing may increase airflow resistance, resulting in clinical manifestations associated with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). When diagnosing tracheal hypoplasia, established values are based on measurements established for English bulldogs or non‐specific “bulldog” breeds. The objective of this study was to investigate tracheal diameter ratios in French bulldogs to gain a better understanding of what would constitute tracheal hypoplasia in this breed. A retrospective observational analysis was conducted to measure the right lateral thoracic radiographs of 139 French bulldogs to investigate tracheal diameter ratios. Pulmonary disease was observed in 55/139 dogs. The mean TD:Ti for healthy French bulldogs was 0.15 (±0.02), and the mean TD:ML was 0.32 (±0.07). 44/84 dogs had a TD:Ti < 0.15 (±0.02), and 37/65 dogs had a TD:ML < 0.32 (±0.07). At least one thoracic vertebral anomaly was observed in 131/139 of evaluated French bulldogs, and sternal malformations were observed in 42/139 dogs. TD:ML showed an excellent interclass correlation between observers (ICCinter 0.9562). The listed covariables were compared for statistical significance when measuring relative tracheal ratios, and none were found. There was a statistically significant relationship between TD:Ti and sex. An objective value for tracheal hypoplasia in French bulldogs has previously not been established. The mean TD:Ti described for French bulldogs in this study is higher than that previously described in other “bulldog” populations. The mean TD:ML is similar to previously reported for non‐brachycephalic and non‐bulldog brachycephalic small breed dogs. The correlative relationship between TD:Ti and TD:ML was statistically significant but weak.
Projective structures with (Quasi‐)Hitchin holonomy
Authors: Alessandrini Daniele , Davalo Colin , Li Qiongling 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the properties of the real and complex projective structures associated to Hitchin and quasi‐Hitchin representations that were originally constructed using Guichard–Wienhard's theory of domains of discontinuity. We determine the topology of the underlying manifolds and we prove that some of these geometric structures are fibered in a special standard way. In order to prove these results, we give two new ways to construct these geometric structures: we construct them using gauge theory, flat bundles, and Higgs bundles, and we also give a new geometric way to construct them.