bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triceps and Subscapular Skinfold in Men Aged 40–65 and Dementia Prevalence 36 Years Later
Authors: Ravona-Springer Ramit , Schnaider-Beeri Michal , Goldbourt Uri 
Published: March 2017

Background: The relationship of obesity with risk for dementia is complex and may change with age. Objective: To analyze the relationship between measures of obesity at age 40–65 and dementia prevalence in survivors 36 years later. Methods: Obesity-related measures of triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness were assessed in 1963 in n = 9,760 men aged 40–65 participating in the Israel Ischemic Heart Disease study. Cognitive evaluation and assessment of dementia prevalence were performed in n = 1,643 participants of the original cohort who survived until 1999/2000 (age ≥76 years) and had anthropometric measures in 1963. Results: Age-adjusted prevalence of dementia in survivors in 1999/2000 by baseline triceps skinfold quintile was 20.5%, 21.2%, 17.6%, 15.6%, and 14.5%, respectively, from lowest to highest ( p = 0.006 in trend test). Using logistic regression, a 6-mm increment of triceps skinfold was associated with an age and BMI-adjusted odds ratio of 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70–0.94) for dementia prevalence among survivors. Age-adjusted risk for dementia by subscapular skinfold quintile demonstrated 20.5%, 17.1%, 15.7%, 19.4%, and 18.1%, respectively, in groups of subjects by subscapular skinfold quintile from lowest to highest ( p = 0.6 in trend test). Conclusions: Lower triceps skinfold at age 40–65, reflecting diminished peripheral fat, was associated with higher dementia prevalence in late life, potentially suggesting a protective role of peripheral fat to brain health.
Peripherally inserted central catheter in extremely preterm infants: Characteristics and influencing factors
Authors: van den Berg J. , Lööf Åström J. , Olofsson J. , Fridlund M. , Farooqi A. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the duration of catheter stay, incidence of non-elective removal and rates of complications associated with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in relation to different catheter positions in extremely preterm infants (EPT, <28 weeks of gestation). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICCs) inserted in EPT infants over a 10-year period, from January 2004 through December 2013 (mean gestational age, 25.2 weeks; mean birth weight, 727 g). RESULTS: Of the 379 PICCs analyzed, the majority of lines (68%) were placed in the central position, and 259 PICCs (56%) were removed electively after fulfilment of the treatment. Significantly more PICCs in the lower extremities compared to the upper extremities were in central positions (86% vs 61%, p < 0.001, respectively). Significantly more PICCs that were removed electively after fulfilment of the treatment were in a central position compared to a non-central position ( p < 0.001). Of the 166 catheters that were removed because of complications, most (71%) of them had mechanical problems, and 13% had sepsis resulting in an incidence rate of 4.4/1000 catheter days. CONCLUSION: PICCs inserted in the lower extremity were more likely to have a centrally placed tip position compared to PICC lines inserted in the upper extremities.
Using antifibrinolytics in the peripartum period – concern for a hypercoagulable effect?
Authors: Ahmadzia H.K. , Lockhart E.L. , Thomas S.M. , Welsby I.J. , Hoffman M.R. , James A.H. , Murtha A.P. , Swamy G.K. , Grotegut C.A. 
Published: March 2017

INTRODUCTION: Although antifibrinolytic agents are used to prevent and treat hemorrhage, there are concerns about a potential increased risk for peripartum venous thromboembolism. We sought to determine the impact of tranexamic acid and ɛ-aminocaproic acid on in vitro clotting properties in pregnancy. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from healthy pregnant, obese, and preeclamptic pregnant women ( n = 10 in each group) prior to delivery as well as from healthy non-pregnant controls ( n = 10). Maximum clot firmness (MCF) and clotting time (CT) were measured using rotation thromboelastometry in the presence of tranexamic acid (3, 30, or 300 μg/mL) or ɛ-aminocaproic acid (30, 300, or 3000 μg/mL). ANOVA and regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Mean whole blood MCF was significantly higher in healthy pregnant vs. non-pregnant women (66.5 vs. 57.5 mm, p < 0.001). Among healthy pregnant women, there was no significant difference between mean MCF (whole blood alone, and with increasing tranexamic acid doses = 66.5, 66.1, 66.4, 66.3 mm, respectively; p = 0.25) or mean CT (409, 412, 420, 424 sec; p = 0.30) after addition of tranexamic acid. Similar results were found using ɛ-aminocaproic acid. Preeclamptic women had a higher mean MCF after the addition of ɛ-aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid ( p = 0.05 and p = 0.04, respectively) compared to whole blood alone. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state, as reflected by an increased MCF compared to non-pregnant women. Addition of antifibrinolytic therapy in vitro does not appear to increase MCF or CT for non-pregnant, pregnant, and obese women. Whether antifibrinolytics are safe in preeclampsia may require further study.
Perspectives and attitudes of pediatricians concerning post-discharge care practice of premature infants
Authors: Gad A. , Parkinson E. , Khawar N. , Elmeki A. , Narula P. , Hoang D. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: Survival rates of premature infants are at a historical high and increasingly more pediatricians are caring for former premature infants. The goal of this study was to describe the perspectives and attitudes of pediatricians, as well as, the challenges of rendering post-neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge care for premature infants. METHODS: An anonymous 22-question web-based survey was emailed to pediatricians who are current members of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and practicing in Kings County, New York. RESULTS: There were 148 completed surveys with 79% being general pediatricians. Of all respondents, 63% believed that premature infants should have a neonatal high risk follow-up visit within days after discharge and 64% were satisfied with the NICU discharge summary acquisition. While 74% of pediatricians felt comfortable following up with former extremely premature infants, 65% referred to specialists, most often to child development, neurology, and physical and/or occupational therapy. The majority (85%) were more likely to refer premature infants to early intervention. Participating pediatricians varied in their knowledge of immunization and breastfeeding guidelines. Finally, 88% of respondents acknowledged that caregivers of premature infants experience increased stress, with 53% stating that the stress should be addressed. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the perceptions and challenges of pediatricians who care for premature infants may help improve post NICU quality of care. Transition to the outpatient setting is a crucial step in the management of premature infants and a focus on improved hand-off procedures between hospital and physicians may prove beneficial. Also, pediatricians must stay abreast of current recommendations for breastfeeding and vaccinations. Furthermore, emphasis should be given to stress reduction and management for caregivers of former premature infants.
Calcium chloride in neonatal parenteral nutrition: A 15 year experience
Authors: Huston R.K. , Kaempf J.W. , Wang M. , Wang L. , Grunkemeier G.L. , Cohen H.S. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine if outcomes at our neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) since we began using calcium chloride (CaCl2) as our preferred calcium additive in order to reduce aluminum (Al) exposure are within expected outcome ranges for NICUs in the U.S. where calcium gluconate in glass vials (CaGlu-Gl) has been the preferred additive. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study of very low birth weight infants born between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2014. Outcomes in two intensive care units (NICUs) using CaCl2 were compared to all U.S. NICUs in the Vermont Oxford Network. Primary outcomes were chronic lung disease (CLD), percent requiring supplemental oxygen at 28 days, and mortality excluding early deaths (MEED). The incidence of IV infiltrates of all admissions to the study NICUs in 2013-2014 was compared to the literature. RESULTS: The incidence of CLD and those requiring oxygen at 28 days were 24.0% vs 28.6% and 46.2% vs 51.8% for the study NICUs compared to all U.S. NICUs, respectively (both p < 0.0001). The MEED was 8.7% vs 10.3% ( p < 0.002). All major morbidities were lower at the study NICUs. The incidence of infiltrates was lower than that in the literature. CONCLUSION: The use of CaCl2 was not associated with any detectable adverse effects. Calcium chloride appears to be a safe alternative to the use of CaGlu-Gl based upon studies of clinical outcomes.
Retinopathy of prematurity in Indonesia: Incidence and risk factors
Authors: Edy Siswanto J. , Sauer Pieter JJ 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vaso-proliferative disease of the eye, which mainly affects preterm newborn infants with an incompletely vascularized retina. The incidence of ROP has increased in industrialized countries due to the increased survival of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. ROP is also increasing in developing countries like Indonesia, where it is most likely due to the improved survival of ELBW infants. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the incidence of ROP and possible risk factors associated with the development of ROP in preterm infants in Indonesia. METHODS: We reviewed the literature on the incidence and potential risk factors for the development of ROP in Indonesia, obtained data from three referral eye clinics and added data from our institution. RESULTS: The reported incidence of all stages of ROP in infants with a gestational age of <32 weeks ranged from 18–30%. One study showed that ROP also occurred at older gestational ages. Blindness due to ROP was seen in infants up to 35 weeks and with a birth weight of 2000 g. CONCLUSION: Retinopathy of prematurity is an important cause of ocular morbidity and blindness in Indonesia. The overall incidence of ROP in infants born below 32 weeks in Indonesia is higher than in developed countries, and it is seen in infants with older gestational ages. This might be due to a less strict monitoring during the use of oxygen in Indonesia compared to industrialized countries.
FUSE Spectroscopy of the Accreting Hot Components in Symbiotic Variables
Authors: Sion Edward M. , Godon Patrick , Mikolajewska Joanna , Sabra Bassem , Kolobow Craig 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We have conducted a spectroscopic analysis of the far-ultraviolet archival spectra of four symbiotic variables, EG And, AE Ara, CQ Dra, and RW Hya. RW Hya and EG And have never had a recorded outburst, while CQ Dra and AE Ara have outburst histories. We analyze these systems while they are in quiescence in order to help reveal the physical properties of their hot components via comparisons of the observations with optically thick accretion disk models and non-LTE model white dwarf photospheres. We have extended the wavelength coverage down to the Lyman limit with Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) spectra. We find that the hot component in RW Hya is a low-mass white dwarf with a surface temperature of 160,000 K. We reexamine whether or not the symbiotic system CQ Dra is a triple system with a red giant transferring matter to a hot component made up of a cataclysmic variable in which the white dwarf has a surface temperature as low as ∼20,000 K. The very small size of the hot component contributing to the shortest wavelengths of the FUSE spectrum of CQ Dra agrees with an optically thick and geometrically thin (∼4% of the WD surface) hot (∼120,000 K) boundary layer. Our analysis of EG And reveals that its hot component is a hot, bare, low-mass white dwarf with a surface temperature of 80,000–95,000 K, with a surface gravity

. For AE Ara, we also find that a low-gravity (

), hot (

K) WD accounts for the hot component.
Evolution of Supernova Remnants Near the Galactic Center
Authors: Yalinewich A. , Piran T. , Sari R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Supernovae near the Galactic center (GC) evolve differently from regular Galactic supernovae. This is mainly due to the environment into which the supernova remnants (SNRs) propagate. SNRs near the GC propagate into a wind swept environment with a velocity directed away from the GC, and a graded density profile. This causes these SNRs to be non-spherical, and to evolve faster than their Galactic counterparts. We develop an analytic theory for the evolution of explosions within a stellar wind, and verify it using a hydrodynamic code. We show that such explosions can evolve in one of three possible morphologies. Using these results we discuss the association between the two SNRs (SGR East and SGR A’s bipolar radio/X-ray lobes) and the two neutron stars (the Cannonball and SGR J1745-2900) near the GC. We show that, given the morphologies of the SNR and positions of the neutron stars, the only possible association is between SGR A’s bipolar radio/X-ray lobes and SGR J1745-2900. If a compact object was created in the explosion of SGR East, it remains undetected, and the SNR of the supernova that created the Cannonball has already disappeared.
Imaging the Schwarzschild-radius-scale Structure of M87 with the Event Horizon Telescope Using Sparse Modeling
Authors: Akiyama Kazunori , Kuramochi Kazuki , Ikeda Shiro , Fish Vincent L. , Tazaki Fumie , Honma Mareki , Doeleman Sheperd S. , E. Broderick Avery , Dexter Jason , Mościbrodzka Monika , Bouman Katherine L. , A. Chael Andrew , Zaizen Masamichi 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We propose a new imaging technique for radio and optical/infrared interferometry. The proposed technique reconstructs the image from the visibility amplitude and closure phase, which are standard data products of short-millimeter very long baseline interferometers such as the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) and optical/infrared interferometers, by utilizing two regularization functions: the ℓ
1-norm and total variation (TV) of the brightness distribution. In the proposed method, optimal regularization parameters, which represent the sparseness and effective spatial resolution of the image, are derived from data themselves using cross-validation (CV). As an application of this technique, we present simulated observations of M87 with the EHT based on four physically motivated models. We confirm that ℓ
1 + TV regularization can achieve an optimal resolution of ∼20%–30% of the diffraction limit λ/D
max, which is the nominal spatial resolution of a radio interferometer. With the proposed technique, the EHT can robustly and reasonably achieve super-resolution sufficient to clearly resolve the black hole shadow. These results make it promising for the EHT to provide an unprecedented view of the event-horizon-scale structure in the vicinity of the supermassive black hole in M87 and also the Galactic center Sgr A*.
Psychodynamique du travail et politique : quels enjeux ?
Authors: Dejours Christophe 
Published: March 2017

Les enjeux politiques de la psychodynamique du travail sont abordés à partir de ce qu’elle apporte à l’analyse de l’activité en termes d’intelligence et d’engagement subjectif d’une part, à l’analyse de la coopération en termes de délibération collective et de production déontique d’autre part. La centralité politique du travail est examinée dans ses deux destins possibles : l’aliénation et la servitude volontaire d’un côté, l’accomplissement de soi et l’émancipation de l’autre, voire, au-delà, la construction de la démocratie par le travail. Les liens tissés à partir de la psychodynamique du travail avec le droit et avec la création artistique et littéraire sont envisagés comme relais de sensibilisation de l’espace public aux questions du travail. L’enjeu majeur de la discussion pourrait être la reconnaissance de l’organisation du travail comme dimension irréductible et décisive au plan politique.
Les formes de contestation du travail dans les années 1968
Authors: Zancarini-Fournel Michelle 
Published: March 2017

Cette contribution étudie comment la contestation du travail dans les années 1968 n’a pas vraiment été abordée dans la discipline historique avant 1995, date à partir de laquelle les études sur les répertoires d’action au cours de la grève de mai-juin 1968 et les années suivantes se sont multipliées. Aux occupations et aux comités de grèves du printemps 1968, largement contrôlés par les directions syndicales, mais où apparaissent des figures nouvelles – femmes, immigrants, cadres parfois – ont succédé des actions spécifiques dans les ateliers contestant la hiérarchie et l’organisation du travail, grèves-bouchon qui bloquent l’ensemble de la production d’une entreprise. Outre l’égalité revendiquée apparaissent de nouvelles thématiques – santé au travail, autogestion –, mais aussi l’aspiration à changer sa vie, à quitter l’usine. Cette révolte des ouvriers spécialisés contribue à la réorganisation du processus de travail et à la transformation du capitalisme. Aujourd’hui, l’histoire de la contestation du travail se focalise sur l’agency des acteurs et sur les parcours spécifiques des migrants toujours pris dans une dialectique du juste et de l’injuste.
Le travail, absent du droit du travail ?
Authors: Wolmark Cyril 
Published: March 2017

L’emploi, entendu comme l’ensemble des garanties accompagnant l’activité salariée, fait l’objet de nombreux dispositifs juridiques ; il constitue le cœur de ce que l’on nomme le « droit du travail ». En revanche, le travail paraît singulièrement délaissé, au point que l’on peut se demander s’il ne constitue pas paradoxalement un angle mort du droit du travail. L’étude des règles juridiques fait, certes, apercevoir comment le droit permet au capitalisme d’assurer la dépossession du travailleur subordonné du produit de son travail, et corrélativement son irresponsabilité. Reste que cette dépossession n’est jamais explicite en droit du travail ; elle se lit plutôt dans une comparaison avec le droit civil. L’indifférence du droit à l’égard du travail est surtout flagrante lorsque l’on considère le travail activité. Alors que les sciences sociales portent à ce dernier une attention renouvelée, le droit semble purement et simplement l’ignorer, l’examen de la subordination absorbant bien souvent l’étude du travail. Quelques pistes s’ouvrent néanmoins dans la législation récente qui, par des réglementations techniques – pénibilité, document unique d’évaluation des risques –, oblige l’employeur à porter attention au travail réellement accompli par ses salariés. Plus avant, les silences du droit pourraient constituer autant d’invitations à des collaborations interdisciplinaires, afin précisément de combler les lacunes de la protection des travailleurs.
Dialogue avec Leda Leal Ferreira autour de son ouvrage Analyses du Travail
Authors: Rolo Duarte 
Published: March 2017

Dans cet entretien, Leda Leal Ferreira revient sur son parcours et ses travaux, rassemblés en partie dans un ouvrage récemment publié au Brésil, Análises do trabalho , encore inédit en France. Elle y évoque, à tour de rôle, les expériences et les terrains qui l’ont conduite à formaliser la méthode d’intervention qu’elle a baptisée d’« Analyse Collective du Travail », ses accords et désaccords avec la psychodynamique du travail et la richesse de l’œuvre de Marx pour analyser et comprendre les différentes facettes du travail.
Questions à la psychopathologie du travail
Authors: Pharo Patrick 
Published: March 2017

L’auteur discute, à partir des conditions intersubjectives qui président à la constitution du sens, la constitution des formes de l’action. L’accent porté sur l’intersubjectivité laisse cependant ouvertes des questions relatives à l’affectivité et aux principes de la dynamique subjective. Comment caractériser les contenus de l’expérience subjective en référence à la souffrance et / ou au plaisir dans le travail ? Quelles sont les formes expressives de la souffrance et du plaisir ? À partir de ces réflexions se dégagent des interrogations spécifiques adressées à la psychopathologie du travail, en rapport avec l’élucidation de la constitution du sens des conduites en situation de travail.
Global sensitivity analysis of the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model: ozone and hydrogen oxides during ARCTAS (2008)
Authors: Christian Kenneth E. , Brune William H. , Mao Jingqiu 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Developing predictive capability for future atmospheric oxidation capacity requires a detailed analysis of model uncertainties and sensitivity of the modeled oxidation capacity to model input variables. Using oxidant mixing ratios modeled by the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model and measured on the NASA DC-8 aircraft, uncertainty and global sensitivity analyses were performed on the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model for the modeled oxidants hydroxyl (OH), hydroperoxyl (HO2), and ozone (O3). The sensitivity of modeled OH, HO2, and ozone to model inputs perturbed simultaneously within their respective uncertainties were found for the flight tracks of NASA's Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) A and B campaigns (2008) in the North American Arctic. For the spring deployment (ARCTAS-A), ozone was most sensitive to the photolysis rate of NO2, the NO2 + OH reaction rate, and various emissions, including methyl bromoform (CHBr3). OH and HO2 were overwhelmingly sensitive to aerosol particle uptake of HO2 with this one factor contributing upwards of 75 % of the uncertainty in HO2. For the summer deployment (ARCTAS-B), ozone was most sensitive to emission factors, such as soil NOx and isoprene. OH and HO2 were most sensitive to biomass emissions and aerosol particle uptake of HO2. With modeled HO2 showing a factor of 2 underestimation compared to measurements in the lowest 2 km of the troposphere, lower uptake rates (γHO2 < 0. 055), regardless of whether or not the product of the uptake is H2O or H2O2, produced better agreement between modeled and measured HO2.