bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversification inside a lamprophyric dyke and cone sheet complex converging onto a hidden carbonatite centre (Frederikshåbs Isblink, SW Greenland)
Authors: Klausen Martin Bromann , Frazenburg Madelaine R 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBoth radiating dykes and proximal cone sheets converge onto a positive aeromagnetic anomaly of an inferred carbonatitic centre, hidden beneath a retreating edge of the Frederikshåbs Isblink glacier. This convergence, together with sub-parallel incompatible element patterns by all intrusions, suggests a cogenetic relationship that warrants investigation into potential diversification processes. More primitive high- and low-Mg damtjernites, which for three dykes conform to more porphyritic dyke cores and aphyric margins, respectively, can be explained by high-Mg trends being controlled by the fractionation/accumulation of mainly augite and olivine (or other mafic phases), while discordant low-Mg trends require additional decoupled magnetite fractionation. It is proposed that each dyke intrusion tapped the differentiated top of a central magma chamber, occasionally followed by an unconsolidated mafic cumulate mush, excluding denser magnetites, with in situ flow segregation playing a subordinate additional role. Beyond the most differentiated damtjernite, more evolved phonolitic nephelinites to carbonaceous alnöites split into bulk rock geochemical T-trends that can only relate to late-stage segregations into magmas with varying proportions of interstitial igneous (not secondary) analcime and carbonate – collectively increasing in volume with differentiation. While the analcime component also appears to segregate more readily into veins and ocelli than carbonatite, it is speculated if such low viscosity, density and liquidus rest melts, inside igneous centres, more efficiently aggregated into voluminous, buoyant analcime caps above slightly denser carbonatites. Similar converging plumbing systems and diversification processes are proposed for other complexes, where kimberlitic parents were simply extracted from deeper mantle sources.
The association of solid fuel use in households for cooking with elevated blood pressure among reproductive-aged married women in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Nuruzzaman , Islam Syful , Khan Mostaured Ali , Kabir Iqbal , Chowdhury Atika Rahman , Paul Diba , Ali Hazrat 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBangladesh is experiencing a rapid increase in hypertension prevalence, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged communities. The higher use of solid fuel in these communities could be one of the significant factors contributing to this trend, but evidence supporting this hypothesis is limited in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the associations of household solid fuel use and its exposure level with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and hypertension. We analysed 7,320 women’s data from 2017/18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. We considered three outcome variables: (i) systolic blood pressure (BP) (continuous response), (ii) DBP (continuous response), and (iii) hypertension status (yes, no). Our primary exposures of interest were fuel type (clean vs solid) and the potential level of household air pollution exposure through solid fuel use (unexposed, moderately exposed, and highly exposed). We used a multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regression model with robust variance to determine association between exposure and outcome variables while adjusting for confounders. Of the total respondents analysed, approximately 82% used solid fuel for cooking. The age-standardised prevalence of hypertension was 28%. Respondents using solid fuel were found to be 1.44 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.89) more likely to develop hypertension compared to clean fuel users. Compared to women using clean fuel, the likelihood of hypertension was found to be 1.61 times (95% CI, 1.07–2.20) higher among the moderately exposed group and 1.80 times (95% CI, 1.27–2.32) higher among the highly exposed group. Similar associations were reported for systolic and DBP. The use of solid fuel increases the risk of becoming hypertensive and elevates systolic and DBP. Policies and programmes are necessary to increase awareness of the adverse effects of solid fuel use on health, including hypertension. Efforts should be made to reduce solid fuel use and ensure proper ventilation systems in households where solid fuel is used.
Early twentieth-century recordings in higher music education: a preliminary analysis of the students’ views
Authors: Zicari Massimo , Biasutti Michele 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article examines how classical music students understand early twentieth-century recordings in higher music education. A qualitative research method was chosen to investigate the beliefs and self-reported practices of 16 students enrolled in a European conservatoire, whose attitudes were considered through the administration of a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview. Their responses identified seven main themes: 1) beliefs, 2) sources, 3) self-reported practices, 4) repertoires/performers, 5) educational implications, 6) limits and 7) benefits.
Results show how much students value early twentieth-century recordings – especially when it comes to analysing the performance practices of the past and developing new interpretations – and how articulate their responses can be with regard to specific stylistic and technical issues. However, possibly due to informal learning strategies and the lack of curricular teaching activities focusing on listening to and analysing recorded interpretations, some responses highlighted a misrepresentation of our recent musical past and the need for a more structured curricular activity. This last should benefit from a vast body of scholarly literature whose relevance is still underestimated among music practitioners.
Generalised knotoids
Authors: ADAMS COLIN , ROMRELL ZACHARY , BONAT ALEXANDRA , CHANDE MAYA , CHEN JOYE , JIANG MAXWELL , SANTIAGO DANIEL , SHAPIRO BENJAMIN , WOODRUFF DORA 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn 2010, Turaev introduced knotoids as a variation on knots that replaces the embedding of a circle with the embedding of a closed interval with two endpoints which here we call poles. We define generalised knotoids to allow arbitrarily many poles, intervals and circles, each pole corresponding to any number of interval endpoints, including zero. This theory subsumes a variety of other related topological objects and introduces some particularly interesting new cases. We explore various analogs of knotoid invariants, including height, index polynomials, bracket polynomials and hyperbolicity. We further generalise to knotoidal graphs, which are a natural extension of spatial graphs that allow both poles and vertices.
The Failure of Galois Descent for p-Selmer Groups of Elliptic Curves
Authors: PATERSON ROSS 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe show that if F is
$\mathbb{Q}$
or a multiquadratic number field,
$p\in\left\{{2,3,5}\right\}$
, and
$K/F$
is a Galois extension of degree a power of p, then for elliptic curves
$E/\mathbb{Q}$
ordered by height, the average dimension of the p-Selmer groups of
$E/K$
is bounded. In particular, this provides a bound for the average K-rank of elliptic curves
$E/\mathbb{Q}$
for such K. Additionally, we give bounds for certain representation–theoretic invariants of Mordell–Weil groups over Galois extensions of such F.The central result is that: for each finite Galois extension
$K/F$
of number fields and prime number p, as
$E/\mathbb{Q}$
varies, the difference in dimension between the Galois fixed space in the p-Selmer group of
$E/K$
and the p-Selmer group of
$E/F$
has bounded average.
Response of indicator species to changes in food web and ocean dynamics of the Ross Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Ainley David G. , Morandini Virginia , Salas Leo , Nur Nadav , Rotella Jay , Barton Kerry , Lyver Phil O'B. , Goetz Kimberly T. , Larue Michelle , Foster-Dyer Rose , Parkinson Claire L. , Arrigo Kevin R. , Van Dijken Gert , Beltran Roxanne S. , Kim Stacy , Brooks Cassandra , Kooyman Gerald , Ponganis Paul J. , Shanhun Fiona , Anderson Dean P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMost of the Ross Sea has been designated a marine protected area (MPA), proposed ‘to protect ecosystem structure and function’. To assess effectiveness, the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) selected Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae) and emperor (Aptenodytes forsteri) penguins, Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) and Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) as ecosystem change ‘indicator species’. Stable for decades, penguin and seal populations increased during 1998–2018 to surpass historical levels, indicating that change in ecosystem structure and function is underway. We review historical impacts to population trends, decadal datasets of ocean climate and fishing pressure on toothfish. Statistical modelling for Adélie penguins and Weddell seals indicates that variability in climate factors and cumulative extraction of adult toothfish may explain these trends. These mesopredators, and adult toothfish, all prey heavily on Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum). Toothfish removal may be altering intraguild predation dynamics, leading to competitive release of silverfish and contributing to penguin and seal population changes. Despite decades of ocean/weather change, increases in indicator species numbers around Ross Island only began once the toothfish fishery commenced. The rational-use, ecosystem-based viewpoint promoted by CCAMLR regarding toothfish management needs re-evaluation, including in the context of the Ross Sea Region MPA.
Bidirectional relationships between childhood adversities and psychosocial outcomes: A cross-lagged panel study from childhood to adolescence
Authors: Hales George K. , Debowska Agata , Rowe Richard , Boduszek Daniel , Levita Liat 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Childhood adversities have been linked to psychosocial outcomes, but it remains uncertain whether subtypes of adversity exert different effects on outcomes. Research is also needed to explore the dynamic interplay between adversity and psychosocial outcomes from childhood to mid-adolescence. This study aimed to investigate these relationships and their role in shaping adolescent wellbeing. Data were extracted from three timepoints of the UK Household Longitudinal Survey when participants (n = 646) were aged 10–15. Cross-lagged panel models were used to explore the relationship between cumulative adversities, and separately non-household (i.e., bullying victimization and adverse neighborhood) and household (i.e., sibling victimization, quarrelsome relationship with parents, financial struggles, and maternal psychological distress) adversities, and psychosocial outcomes (i.e., internalizing and externalizing problems, delinquency, and life satisfaction). Our results revealed that heightened cumulative adversity predicted psychosocial outcomes from childhood to mid-adolescence. Increased levels of household adversity predicted psychosocial outcomes throughout early to mid-adolescence, while non-household adversity only predicted psychosocial outcomes in early adolescence. Furthermore, worse psychosocial outcomes predicted higher levels of adversities during adolescence, highlighting bidirectionality between adversity and psychosocial outcomes. These findings underscore the varying impacts of adversity subtypes and the mutually reinforcing effects of adversities and psychosocial functioning from childhood to mid-adolescence.
On Hofmann–Streicher universes
Authors: Awodey Steve 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe take another look at the construction by Hofmann and Streicher of a universe
$(U,{\mathcal{E}l})$
for the interpretation of Martin-Löf type theory in a presheaf category
$[{{{\mathbb{C}}}^{\textrm{op}}},\textsf{Set}]$
. It turns out that
$(U,{\mathcal{E}l})$
can be described as the nerve of the classifier
$\dot{{\textsf{Set}}}^{\textsf{op}} \rightarrow{{\textsf{Set}}}^{\textsf{op}}$
for discrete fibrations in
$\textsf{Cat}$
, where the nerve functor is right adjoint to the so-called “Grothendieck construction” taking a presheaf
$P :{{{\mathbb{C}}}^{\textrm{op}}}\rightarrow{\textsf{Set}}$
to its category of elements
$\int _{\mathbb{C}} P$
. We also consider change of base for such universes, as well as universes of structured families, such as fibrations.
Resveratrol attenuates doxorubicin-induced toxicity during in vitro culture of mouse-isolated preantral follicles
Authors: Silva G.A.L. , Monte A.P.O , França A.T.V. , Mota I.M. , Oliveira Junior J.L. , Andrade K.O. , Souza L.M. , Silva R.L.S. , Guimarães V.S. , Barberino R.S. , Palheta Junior R.C. , Smitz J.E.J. , Matos M.H.T. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe aims of this study were to evaluate the doxorubicin concentration that induces toxic effects on in vitro culture of isolated mouse secondary follicles and to investigate whether resveratrol can inhibit or reduce this toxicity. Secondary follicles were isolated and cultured for 12 days in control medium (α-MEM+) or in α-MEM+ supplemented with doxorubicin (0.1 µg/ml) or different concentrations of resveratrol (0.5, 2, or 5 µM) associated with doxorubicin (0.1 µg/ml) (experiment 1). For experiment 2, follicles were cultured in α-MEM+ alone or supplemented with doxorubicin (0.3 µg/ml) or different concentrations of resveratrol (5 or 10 µM) associated or not with doxorubicin (0.3 µg/ml) (experiment 2). The endpoints analyzed were morphology (survival), antrum formation, follicular diameter, mitochondrial activity, glutathione (GSH) levels and DNA fragmentation. In the first experiment, doxorubicin (0.1 µg/ml) maintained survival and antrum formation similar to the control, while 5 µM resveratrol showed increased parameters, maintained mitochondrial activity and increased GSH levels compared to the control. In the second experiment, doxorubicin (0.3 µg/ml) reduced survival, antrum formation and follicular diameter compared to the control. Resveratrol at a concentration of 10 µM attenuated the damage caused by doxorubicin by improving follicular survival and did not present DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, supplementation of the in vitro culture medium with 0.3 µg/ml doxorubicin reduced the survival and impaired the development of mouse-isolated preantral follicles. Resveratrol at 10 µM reduced doxorubicin-induced follicular atresia, without DNA fragmentation in the follicles.
Outcomes after bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt with antegrade pulmonary blood flow in high-risk patients
Authors: Behrend Lea , Schaeffer Thibault , Osawa Takuya , Palm Jonas , Di Padua Chiara , Niedermaier Carolin , Heinisch Paul Philipp , Piber Nicole , Hager Alfred , Ewert Peter , Hörer Jürgen , Ono Masamichi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjective:We have left antegrade pulmonary blood flow (APBF) at bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS) only for high-risk patients. This study evaluates the indication and the outcomes of patients with APBF, compared to those without APBF.Methods:Patients with APBF after BCPS were identified among patients who underwent BCPS between 1997 and 2022. Outcomes of patients with and without APBF after BCPS were compared.Results:APBF was open in 38 (8.2%) of 461 patients. Median age (7.7 versus 6.3 months, p = 0.55) and weight (5.6 versus 6.1 kg, p = 0.75) at BCPS were similar in both groups. The most frequent indication for APBF was high pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) in 14 patients, followed by hypoxaemia in 10, and hypoplastic left pulmonary artery in 8. The source of APBF was the pulmonary trunk in 10 patients and the aortopulmonary shunt in 28. Median hospital stay after BCPS was longer (22 versus 14 days, p = 0.018) and hospital mortality was higher (10.5 versus 2.1%, p = 0.003) in patients with APBF compared to those without APBF. However, 448 hospital survivors showed similar survival after discharge following BCPS (p = 0.224). Survival after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) was similar between the groups (p = 0.753), although patients with APBF were older at TCPC compared to those without (3.9 versus 2.2 years, p = 0.010).Conclusion:APBF was left in 8% following BCPS in high-risk patients, mainly due to preoperative high PAP. Hospital survivors after BCPS demonstrated comparable survival in patients with and without APBF. Adding APBF at BCPS might be a useful option for high-risk patients.
The prediction limits of the National Adult Reading Test and its abbreviated and international variants
Authors: van der Linde Ian , Bright Peter 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjective:Premorbid tests estimate cognitive ability prior to neurological condition onset or brain injury. Tests requiring oral pronunciation of visually presented irregular words, such as the National Adult Reading Test (NART), are commonly used due to robust evidence that word familiarity is well-preserved across a range of neurological conditions and correlates highly with intelligence. Our aim is to examine the prediction limits of NART variants to assess their ability to accurately estimate premorbid IQ.Method:We examine the prediction limits of 13 NART variants, calculate which IQ classification system categories are reachable in principle, and consider the proportion of the adult population in the target country falling outside the predictable range.Results:Many NART variants cannot reach higher or lower IQ categories due to floor/ceiling effects and inherent limitations of linear regression (used to convert scores to predicted IQ), restricting clinical accuracy in evaluating premorbid ability (and thus the magnitude of impairment). For some variants this represents a sizeable proportion of the target population.Conclusions:Since both higher and lower IQ categories are unreachable in principle, we suggest that future NART variants consider polynomial or broken-stick fitting (or similar methods) and suggest that prediction limits should be routinely reported.
The Greatest Name of God: ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as a cosmic image in Rajab al-Bursī's Mashāriq al-anwār
Authors: Mansouri Mohammad Amin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (d. 40/661)—a revered figure in Islamic history as both the first Shiʿi imam and the fourth caliph—serves as a significant image of sacral power in the Persianate world and beyond. ʿAlī's authority underwent a profound reimagining in the early modern era as he emerged as a captivating imperial emblem from the Timurid renaissance to the Safavid revolution, rivalling other prominent figures of political authority such as Chinggis Khan (d. 1227), and becoming a symbol of human perfection for both Sunni and Shiʿi intellectuals alike. ʿAlī transcended his role as a Shiʿi imam to assume the status of a cosmic figure, gradually becoming an ideal symbol for imperial branding. However, there is little scholarly knowledge and appreciation of his changing role in this period. This article examines how al-Ḥāfiẓ Rajab al-Bursī's (d. circa 814/1411) Mashāriq al-anwār, which has remained highly popular throughout the Persianate and Shiʿi world, contributed to the reshaping of ʿAlī's image, portraying him as the quintessential archetype of sacral power and unmatched authoritative feats.
ANALYTICALLY PRICING EUROPEAN OPTIONS UNDER A TWO-FACTOR STOCHASTIC INTEREST RATE MODEL WITH A STOCHASTIC LONG-RUN EQUILIBRIUM LEVEL
Authors: HE XIN-JIANG , LIN SHA 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe construct a new stochastic interest rate model with two stochastic factors, by introducing a stochastic long-run equilibrium level into the Vasicek interest rate model which follows another Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. With the interest rate under the Black–Scholes model being assumed to follow the newly proposed model, a closed-form representation of European option prices is successfully presented, when the analytical characteristic function of the underlying log-price under a forward measure is derived. To assess the model performance, a preliminary empirical study is conducted using S&P 500 index and its options, with the Vasicek model and an alternative two-factor Vasicek model taken as benchmarks.
Twice-daily HDR brachytherapy: a one-week apart protocol for treating cervix uteri in a resource-limited setting
Authors: Al Daly Moustafa , Mahmoud Neven , Hamada Emad , Kamalelden Maha , Hamdy Radwa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
High dose rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) plays a crucial role in cervix cancer treatment, with variations in fractionation schedules across different radiation societies. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of a 7 Gy per fraction twice daily schedule over two successive weeks versus an 8 Gy per fraction once weekly schedule over three successive weeks.

Patients and Methods:
From 2020 to 2022, 87 patients with uterine cervix cancer (Stages II and III) underwent concomitant external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and chemotherapy, followed by HDR-ICBT. Patients were randomised into two arms: Arm A (8 Gy per fraction once weekly for 3 fractions) and Arm B (7 Gy per fraction twice daily once a week for 4 fractions). Local control is defined as any patient free from local progression (CR + PR + SD) in the first year after ending brachytherapy (BTH).

Results:
The median follow-up was 16·5 months. Local control at 1 year was 78·7% in Arm A and 89·2% in Arm B (p = 0·24). No clinically significant differences in rectal and bladder toxicities were observed between the two arms (p = 0·40).

Conclusion:
There were limited treatment machines and other BTH challenges in Egypt, and the HDR BTH schedule of 7 Gy per fraction twice daily over 2 successive weeks presents an acceptable alternative to the current national standard of 8 Gy per fraction once weekly over 3 weeks. Both schedules demonstrate comparable local control, late toxicity and progression-free survival. Notably, the 7 Gy per fraction twice daily per week for 4 fractions offers the advantage of a reduced total treatment time.
Legal pluralism, ideology, and institutional change: the evolution of institutions for coastal resource governance in Ghana
Authors: Banikoi Hudu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Co-management regimes are institutional innovations that hold the promise of achieving sustainable common-pool resource governance. However, the transition to such institutional regimes in coastal resource systems has faced challenges in many countries. This article examines the processes and outcomes of such institutional changes in coastal fisheries in Ghana, where the transition to co-management was unsuccessful. Combining theoretical perspectives from legal pluralism in legal anthropology and ideational theories of institutional change within institutional economics, the paper uses process tracing to examine the role of ideology and historical institutional dynamics of the resource context in the institutionalization and failure of co-management arrangements for governing coastal fisheries. The study finds that ideological conflicts and historical legacies of legal pluralism hindered the practice and outcomes of coastal fisheries co-management in Ghana. The article argues for particular attention to the historical institutional dimensions and underlying worldviews of the resource context in institutional interventions for sustainability in coastal resource systems.