bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personnel dose reduction in 90Y microspheres liver-directed radioembolization: from interventional radiology suite to patient ward
Authors: Law Martin , Wong K K , Tso W K , Lee Victor , Luk M Y , Tong C C , Chu Ferdinand 
Published: December 2016

Objective:
To describe a method to reduce the external radiation exposure emitted from the patient after liver-directed radioembolization using 90Y glass microspheres, to quantitatively estimate the occupational dose of medical personnel providing patient care to the patient radioembolized with the use of the method and to discuss radiation exposure to patients who are adjacent if the patient radioembolized needs hospitalization.

Methods:
A lead-lined blanket of lead equivalence of 0.5 mm was used to cover the patient abdomen immediately after the 90Y radioembolization procedure, in order to reduce the radiation emitted from the patient. The interventional radiologist used a rod-type puncture site compressor for haemostasis to avoid direct contact with possible residual radioactivity at the puncture site. Dose rates were measured at the interventional radiologist chest and hand positions during puncture site pressing for haemostasis with and without the use of the blanket. The measurement results were applied to estimate the occupational dose of colleagues performing patient care to the patient radioembolized. The exposure to patients adjacent in the ward was estimated if the patient radioembolized was hospitalized.

Results:
The radiation exposures measured at the radiologist chest and hand positions have been significantly reduced with the lead-lined blanket in place. The radiologist, performing puncture site pressing at the end of radioembolization procedure, would receive an average hand dose of 1.95 μSv and body dose under his own lead apron of 0.30 μSv for an average 90Y microsphere radioactivity of 2.54 GBq. Other medical personnel, nurses and porters, would receive occupational doses corresponding to an hour of background radiation. If the patient radioembolized using 90Y needs hospitalization in a common ward, using the lead-lined blanket to cover the abdomen of the patient and keeping a distance of 2 m from the patient who is adjacent would reduce the exposure by 0.42% of dose limit for the general public.

Conclusion:
By placing a lead-lined blanket on the patient abdominal region after 90Y radioembolization, hospital staff receive minimal radiation exposure in order to comply with the radiation protection “as low as reasonably achievable” principle. There will be no increase in radiation level in ward if the patient radioembolized using 90Y needs to be hospitalized. Therefore, the patient radioembolized can be accommodated alternatively at a corner bed of a common ward if an isolation room with private toilet facility is not available.

Advances in knowledge:
To reduce exposure to personnel providing patient care to patients radioembolized using 90Y.
Talonavicular ligament: prevalence of injury in ankle sprains, histological analysis and hypothesis of its biomechanical function
Authors: De Dea Miriam , L Loizou Constantinos , Allen Georgina M , Wilson David J , Athanasou Nick , Uchihara Yoshinobu , Cooke Paul , Cosker Thomas 
Published: December 2016

Objective:
To assess the prevalence of injury of the talonavicular ligament (TNL) in ankle sprains, its anatomy and the stability of the talonavicular joint (TNJ) before and after dividing the TNL in a cadaver.

Methods:
During a prospective study of 100 patients to assess the outcome of ankle injuries, we noted high incidence of TNL injuries; we will discuss here the TNL findings. Each patient had undergone ultrasound and cone beam CT examination of the ankle. Six TNLs were dissected off fresh-frozen cadaveric feet for histological analysis. In further six cadaveric feet, the stability of the TNJ was assessed by mechanical stress before and after division of the TNL; movement at the joint was assessed by measuring the distance between the talus and navicular bone [talonavicular distance (TD)] using ultrasound. The TD was measured on ten randomly selected ultrasound images by three independent observers and repeated twice by a single observer to determine the inter- and intraobserver reliability.

Results:
21% of the patients had an injury to the TNL. Histological examination demonstrated a dense connective tissue composed of bundles of collagen in parallel arrangement along the ligament length. The interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the TD showed almost perfect agreement. Displacement at the TNJ after stress with the TNL intact measured 0.18 ± 0.08 cm and 0.29 ± 0.07 cm (p &lt; 0.005) when divided.

Conclusion:
The TNL is surprisingly commonly injured in ankle sprains. Its anatomy and histology suggest a role in tensile force transmission during the windlass mechanism in gait.

Advances in knowledge:
Injury to the TNL is common and has not been described. Its anatomy suggests resistance to tensile forces and its injury allows excessive movement at the TNJ.
Effect of androgen deprivation therapy on intraprostatic tumour volume identified on 18F choline PET/CT for prostate dose painting radiotherapy
Authors: Chan Joachim , Carver Antony , Brunt John N H , Vinjamuri Sobhan , Syndikus Isabel 
Published: December 2016

Objective:
Prostate dose painting radiotherapy requires the accurate identification of dominant intraprostatic lesions (DILs) to be used as boost volumes; these can be identified on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) or choline positron emission tomography (PET)/CT. Planning scans are usually performed after 2–3 months of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). We examine the effect of ADT on choline tracer uptake and boost volumes identified on choline PET/CT.

Methods:
Fluoroethylcholine (18F choline) PET/CT was performed for dose painting radiotherapy planning in patients with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer. Initially, they were performed at planning. Owing to low visual tracer uptake, PET/CT for subsequent patients was performed at staging. We compared these two approaches on intraprostatic lesions obtained on PET using both visual and automatic threshold methods [prostate maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) 60%] when compared with mpMRI.

Results:
PET/CT was performed during ADT in 11 patients (median duration of 85 days) and before ADT in 29 patients. ADT significantly reduced overall prostate volume by 17%. During ADT, prostate SUVmax was lower although it did not reach statistical significance (4.2 vs 6.6, p = 0.06); three patients had no visually identifiable PET DIL; and visually defined PET DILs were significantly smaller than corresponding mpMRI DILs (p = 0.03). However, all patients scanned before ADT had at least one visually identifiable PET DIL, with no significant size difference between MRI and visually defined PET DILs. In both groups, threshold PET produced larger DILs than visual PET. Both PET methods have moderate sensitivity (0.50–0.68) and high specificity (0.85–0.98) for identifying MRI-defined disease.

Conclusion:
For visual contouring of boost volumes in prostate dose painting radiotherapy, 18F choline PET/CT should be performed before ADT. For threshold contouring of boost volumes using our PET/CT scanning protocol, threshold levels of above 60% prostate SUVmax may be more suitable. Additional use of PET with MRI for radiotherapy planning can significantly change the overall boost volumes compared with using MRI alone.

Advances in knowledge:
For prostate dose painting radiotherapy, the additional use of 18F choline PET with MRI can significantly change the overall boost volumes, and PET should be performed before hormone therapy, especially if boost volumes are visually identified.
Recent advances in the understanding and management of atrial fibrillation: a focus on stroke prevention
Authors: Shahid Farhan , Shantsila Eduard , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: December 2016

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of stroke compared with the general population. It is anticipated that by 2030 an estimated 14–17 million patients will be diagnosed with this most prevalent arrhythmia within the European Union. AF-related stroke confers a higher mortality and morbidity risk, and thus early detection and assessment for the initiation of effective stroke prevention with oral anticoagulation (OAC) is crucial. Recent guidelines point to the use of non-vitamin K antagonist OACs (NOACs) where appropriate in stroke prevention of patients with non-valvular AF. At present, there are four NOACS available, with no direct head-to-head comparisons to suggest the superiority of one drug over another. Simple and practical risk assessment tools have evolved over the years to facilitate stroke and bleeding risk assessment in busy clinics and wards to aid decision-making. At present, the CHA2DS2VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age 65–74/>75, diabetes mellitus, stroke/transient ischemic attack/thromboembolism, vascular disease, female sex) score is recommended by many international guidelines as a simple and practical method of assessing stroke risk in such patients. Alongside this, use of the HAS BLED (hypertension systolic blood pressure >160 mmHg, abnormal liver/renal function [with creatinine ≥200 μmol/L], stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio [range <60% of the time], elderly [>65], concomitant drugs/alcohol) score aims to identify patients at high risk of bleeding for more regular review and follow-up and draws attention to potentially reversible bleeding risk factors. The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of recent advances in the understanding and management of AF with a focus on stroke prevention.
Inhibition of CD34+ cell migration by matrix metalloproteinase-2 during acute myocardial ischemia, counteracted by ischemic preconditioning
Authors: Lukovic Dominika , Zlabinger Katrin , Gugerell Alfred , Spannbauer Andreas , Pavo Noemi , Mandic Ljubica , Weidenauer Denise T. , Kastl Stefan , Kaun Christoph , Posa Aniko , Sabdyusheva Litschauer Inna , Winkler Johannes , Gyöngyösi Mariann 
Published: December 2016

Background. Mobilization of bone marrow-origin CD34+ cells was investigated 3 days (3d) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with/without ischemic preconditioning (IP) in relation to stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1α)/ chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) axis, to search for possible mechanisms behind insufficient cardiac repair in the first days post-AMI. Methods. Closed-chest reperfused AMI was performed by percutaneous balloon occlusion of the mid-left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery for 90min, followed by reperfusion in pigs. Animals were randomized to receive either IP initiated by 3x5min cycles of re-occlusion/re-flow prior to AMI (n=6) or control AMI (n=12). Blood samples were collected at baseline, 3d post-AMI, and at 1-month follow-up to analyse chemokines and mobilized CD34+ cells. To investigate the effect of acute hypoxia, SDF-1α and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in vitro were assessed, and a migration assay of CD34+ cells toward cardiomyocytes was performed. Results. Reperfused AMI induced significant mobilisation of CD34+ cells (baseline: 260±75 vs. 3d: 668±180; P<0.001) and secretion of MMP-2 (baseline: 291.83±53.40 vs. 3d: 369.64±72.89; P=0.011) into plasma, without affecting the SDF-1α concentration. IP led to the inhibition of MMP-2 (IP: 165.67±47.99 vs. AMI: 369.64±72.89; P=0.004) 3d post-AMI, accompanied by increased release of SDF-1α (baseline: 23.80±12.36 vs. 3d: 45.29±11.31; P=0.05) and CXCR4 (baseline: 0.59±0.16 vs. 3d: 2.06±1.42; P=0.034), with a parallel higher level of mobilisation of CD34+ cells (IP: 881±126 vs. AMI: 668±180; P=0.026), compared to non-conditioned AMI. In vitro, CD34+ cell migration toward cardiomyocytes was enhanced by SDF-1α, which was completely abolished by 90min hypoxia and co-incubation with MMP-2. Conclusions. Non-conditioned AMI induces MMP-2 release, hampering the ischemia-induced increase in SDF-1α and CXCR4 by cleaving the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis, with diminished mobilization of the angiogenic CD34+ cells. IP might influence CD34+ cell mobilization via inhibition of MMP-2.
ALIENAÇÃO GRATUITA DE BENS IMÓVEIS PÚBLICOS EM FAVOR DE PARTICULARES À LUZ DOS PRINCÍPIOS CONSTITUCIONAIS DA EFICIÊNCIA E DA ECONOMICIDADE
Authors: Rodrigues Lopes Uchoa Adelaide Maria , Luciano Lima Rodrigues Francisco 
Published: December 2016

Os bens públicos podem ser utilizados pelo particular por meio de autorização, permissão, concessão de uso, concessão de direito real de uso e concessão de uso especial para fins de moradia, estes dois últimos destinados à exploração de atividades econômicas e a regularização fundiária de terrenos públicos indevidamente ocupados por particulares. A doação bens públicos encontra limitação no art. 17 da Lei 8.666/93, sendo possível a alienação onerosa para determinados fins sociais após o bem ser desafetado, precedida de avaliação prévia e mediante autorização legal. Cabe ao gestor, pautado também no princípio constitucional da eficiência, averiguar a relação custo-benefício na doação dos imóveis públicos, avaliando a economicidade do ato e a eficiência da medida ao tempo em se procede a análise jurídica do caso concreto. Os tribunais de contas vem admitindo a doação de imóveis em caráter excepcional, e vinculados a projetos habitacionais, todavia sugerem a utilização de concessões reais em lugar da doação, consideradas mais vantajosas para o patrimônio público.
A GUARDA, A GUARDA COMPARTILHADA E O PODER FAMILIAR: implicações práticas
Authors: Siegel Frederico Andrade , Neto Francisco José Rodrigues de Oliveira , Soares Josemar Sidinei 
Published: December 2016

A categoria “guarda compartilhada”, prevista na legislação brasileira, tem suscitado dúvida e confusão entre pais ou responsáveis pela guarda de menores, que não compreendem as exatas atribuições inerentes ao poder familiar, e acreditam que o compartilhamento diz respeito apenas ao tempo em que o menor irá permanecer na companhia de cada um. É por essa razão que se faz necessária avaliar a resposta normativa e a definição das categorias jurídicas envolvendo a criação e educação dos filhos, a partir da ruptura familiar. E para isso, utilizou-se o método indutivo.
Análise da Qualidade de Vida e fatores associados dos Acadêmicos da área de saúde de uma Faculdade Particular
Authors: Santos Bárbara Oliveira , Bittencourt Felipe Oliveira 
Published: December 2016

A qualidade de vida dos estudantes vem sendo modificada devido à adaptação ao uma nova realidade. Objetivo: Analisar os fatores associados à qualidade de vida de estudantes da área da saúde de uma faculdade particular de Vitória da Conquista. Metodologia: a pesquisa possui caráter descritivo e exploratório. Em relação à sua natureza, se classifica como qualitativa e quantitativa. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida município de Vitoria da Conquista/BA. A coleta de dados foi realizada na Faculdade Independente do Nordeste. Os participantes do presente estudo foram selecionados por faixa etária de 19 a 25 anos, em 110 estudantes da área da saúde. Resultados e discussões: O estudo apresentou uma prevalência de mulheres (73%), solteiros (54%), que trabalham (79%). Em relação à percepção da Qualidade de Vida (QV), os resultados revelam que há uma prevalência global de QV regular (73,6%). Em relação aos domínios, ocorre uma prevalência de análise regular, no Meio Ambiente (66,4%), no domínio Psicológico (77,3%), e no domínio Físico (77,3%). Nas Relações Sociais observa-se uma análise boa (52,7%). Na relação entre sexo e qualidade de vida, os homens apontam possuir melhor QV que as mulheres, visto que os seus índices de positividade são bem maiores, além disso, as mulheres assinalaram um alto valor na variável necessidade de melhoria da QV (17,8%). Conclusões: Esse estudo acaba por ponderar a necessidade de atenção aos aspectos psicológicos e ambientais dos estudantes universitários, com a adoção de medidas que potencializem a QV, evitando impactos negativos tanto na saúde, quanto na vida acadêmica universitária.
Reverberações sociais e territoriais decorrentes de horta comunitária na perspectiva do planejamento urbano saudável
Authors: Girotti Sperandio Dra. Ana Maria , Carneiro Rosa Mg. Arq.Adriana Aparecida , Cardoso do Carmo Arq. Carolina Guida , Pereira Montrezor Arq. Danielle 
Published: December 2016

Este artigo consiste na apresentação e reflexão através do resultado de Avaliação Pós Ocupação (APO) do projeto de horta comunitária, intervenção urbana realizada a partir de aliança entre poder público e comunidade, na cidade de Conchal, interior de São Paulo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar um diagnóstico da reverberação deste projeto após sua aplicação, bem como avaliar os potenciais aspectos positivos e negativos relacionados a construção de uma cidade saudável. A partir da APO realizada no entorno do projeto, aplicando a metodologia junto à moradores que possuem canteiros na horta, foi possível observar benefícios para a qualidade de vida dos envolvidos, intensificação da integração e participação social, bem como o aumento e do sentimento de pertencimento dos trabalhadores em relação ao bairro. É possível concluir, com esse trabalho, que este tipo de intervenção urbana possui potencial de reverberação positiva nos usuários diretamente envolvidos, no território urbano e na relação entre ambos.
Stomatal Density In Miscanthus Leaves
Authors: Pauková Žaneta , Jureková Zuzana 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this study, the number of stomata per unit area was determined in the perennial energy grass of two genotypes Miscanthus × giganteus (Greef et Deuter) and M. sinensis ‘Tatai’ on arable land in the South-western Slovakia. The dynamics of stomatal density per mm2 was determined by non-destructive method in three randomly selected clumps. The number of stomata per mm2 of area varied from 125 ±23 to 327 ±47, stomatal length ranged from 33.9 ±4.7 μm to 35.3 ±3.4 μm, and stomatal width ranged from 17.5 ±2.3 μm to 18.8 ±2.8 μm in the two genotypes. We confirmed ontogenetic heterogeneity of leaf area size and stomatal size parameters.
Historical Terrain Changes Mapping Due to the Wind Erosion Degradation Processes
Authors: Lackóová Lenka , Dufková Jana Kozlovsky 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this paper we compare the Digital terrain model (DTM) created from contours extracted from the Base Map of Slovakia with the scale of 1 : 10000 from year 1970 and DTM derived from the points measured with the Trimble® R8 GPS receiver with TSC2 data loggers from 2013. The purpose of the provision of these DMTs is to create baseline information that we used in quantifying physical changes due to wind erosion processes in the terrain of selected field in 43 years, since 1970 to present 2013. The comparison of the DTMs was validated by the volumetric method during wind erosion event. The results achieved from the volumetric method show that in one erosion event, about 480 m3 of soil has been eroded and transported to another location. In DTM comparison (43 years) volume amount which was calculated by “3D analyst tool - terrain and TIN surface - Surface difference”, 31,228 m3 of eroded soil was accumulated in the area and 16,236 m3 was lost from the area. Totally 14,922 m3 (5.5 cm height across the whole field) was transported from outlying eroded fields.
Effects of Salinity and Plant Growth Media on in Vitro Growth and Development of Taro (Colocasia Esculenta L.) Varieties
Authors: Vaurasi Varea , Kant Rashmi 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Taro Colocasia esculenta is a staple food in most countries of the South Pacific region. However, the recent changes in the climatic conditions and the associated factors became a threat to growing taro in the region. Rising sea level and frequent dry and wet conditions had led to increased soil salinity which is a limiting factor in producing taro in these atoll islands. The aim of this research was to screen selected taro varieties based on their ability to tolerate salinity conditions in Samoa. Effects of three salinity levels (0.2, 3% and 5%), and growth hormones Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Thidiazuron (TDZ) were examined on growth and development of in vitro grown taro varieties. Plant height, number of leaves, and number of roots produced were compared in the selected varieties. Results suggest that all varieties had callus induction and regeneration in MSO medium. Addition of BAP induced better growth and the plants produced higher number of leaves, while TDZ improved roots proliferation in C. esculenta. Solomon variety performed best in high salinity conditions. Samoa-1 grew taller and had more leaves and roots compared to Samoa-2 variety. Thus, we suggest Solomon and Samoa-1 could perform better in high-salinity conditions.
Lie Derivations on Trivial Extension Algebras
Authors: Mokhtari Amir Hosein , Moafian Fahimeh , Vishki Hamid Reza Ebrahimi 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this paper we provide some conditions under which a Lie derivation on a trivial extension algebra is proper, that is, it can be expressed as a sum of a derivation and a center valued map vanishing at commutators. We then apply our results for triangular algebras. Some illuminating examples are also included.
Liouville-type theorems for elliptic equations in half-space with mixed boundary value conditions
Authors: Harrabi Abdellaziz , Rahal Belgacem 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this paper we study the nonexistence of solutions, which are stable or stable outside a compact set, possibly unbounded and sign-changing, of some nonlinear elliptic equations with mixed boundary value conditions.
The main methods used are the integral estimates and the monotonicity formula.
On sign-changing solutions for (p,q)-Laplace equations with two parameters
Authors: Bobkov Vladimir , Tanaka Mieko 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We investigate the existence of nodal (sign-changing) solutions to the Dirichlet problem for a two-parametric family of partially homogeneous

(
p
,
q
)

{(p,q)}

-Laplace equations

-

Δ
p

⁢
u

-

Δ
q

⁢
u

=

α
⁢

|
u
|

p
-
2

⁢
u

+

β
⁢

|
u
|

q
-
2

⁢
u

{-\Delta_{p}u-\Delta_{q}u=\alpha\lvert u\rvert^{p-2}u+\beta\lvert u\rvert^{q-2%
}u}

where

p
≠
q

{p\neq q}

. By virtue of the Nehari manifolds, the linking theorem, and descending flow, we explicitly characterize subsets of the

(
α
,
β
)

{(\alpha,\beta)}

-plane which correspond to the existence of nodal solutions. In each subset the obtained solutions have prescribed signs of energy and, in some cases, exactly two nodal domains. The nonexistence of nodal solutions is also studied. Additionally, we explore several relations between eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the p- and q-Laplacians in one dimension.
High Frequency Induction Tube Furnace for Determination of Ash Melting Temperature
Authors: Dróżdż Tomasz , Kiełbasa Paweł , Korenko Maroš , Nawara Piotr , Pikul Krzysztof 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The article describes the designed and manufactured tube furnace intended for, inter alia, determining the melting temperature of ash conforming to the standard of ISO-540:2001. The possibility of digital sample observation and several programs controlling the obtainable temperature enable to determine the test cycle in any case (convenient for the researcher). Reduction of testing time allows for the analysis of the observed phenomena, as well as more detailed research plan of samples, where substantial changes have been demonstrated.