bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Clinically-Translatable Machine Learning Algorithm for the Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease Conversion in Individuals with Mild and Premild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Grassi Massimiliano , Perna Giampaolo , Caldirola Daniela , Schruers Koen , Duara Ranjan , Loewenstein David A. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Available therapies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can only alleviate and delay the advance of symptoms, with the greatest impact eventually achieved when provided at an early stage. Thus, early identification of which subjects at high risk, e.g., with MCI, will later develop AD is of key importance. Currently available machine learning algorithms achieve only limited predictive accuracy or they are based on expensive and hard-to-collect information. Objective: The current study aims to develop an algorithm for a 3-year prediction of conversion to AD in MCI and PreMCI subjects based only on non-invasively and effectively collectable predictors. Methods: A dataset of 123 MCI/PreMCI subjects was used to train different machine learning techniques. Baseline information regarding sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and neuropsychological test scores, cardiovascular risk indexes, and a visual rating scale for brain atrophy was used to extract 36 predictors. Leave-pair-out-cross-validation was employed as validation strategy and a recursive feature elimination procedure was applied to identify a relevant subset of predictors. Results: 16 predictors were selected from all domains excluding sociodemographic information. The best model resulted a support vector machine with radial-basis function kernel (whole sample: AUC = 0.962, best balanced accuracy = 0.913; MCI sub-group alone: AUC = 0.914, best balanced accuracy = 0.874). Conclusions: Our algorithm shows very high cross-validated performances that outperform the vast majority of the currently available algorithms, and all those which use only non-invasive and effectively assessable predictors. Further testing and optimization in independent samples will warrant its application in both clinical practice and clinical trials.
Effect of Magnetic Twist on Nonlinear Transverse Kink Oscillations of Line-tied Magnetic Flux Tubes
Authors: Terradas J. , Magyar N. , Van Doorsselaere T. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Magnetic twist is thought to play an important role in many structures of the solar atmosphere. One of the effects of twist is to modify the properties of the eigenmodes of magnetic tubes. In the linear regime standing kink solutions are characterized by a change in polarization of the transverse displacement along the twisted tube. In the nonlinear regime, magnetic twist affects the development of shear instabilities that appear at the tube boundary when it is oscillating laterally. These Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities (KHI) are produced either by the jump in the azimuthal component of the velocity at the edge of the sharp boundary between the internal and external part of the tube or by the continuous small length scales produced by phase mixing when there is a smooth inhomogeneous layer. In this work the effect of twist is consistently investigated by solving the time-dependent problem including the process of energy transfer to the inhomogeneous layer. It is found that twist always delays the appearance of the shear instability, but for tubes with thin inhomogeneous layers the effect is relatively small for moderate values of twist. On the contrary, for tubes with thick layers, the effect of twist is much stronger. This can have some important implications regarding observations of transverse kink modes and the KHI itself.
La modernisation du droit de l’environnement : quelle(s) orientation(s) pour le fabricant de la norme ?
Authors: Édouard Thierry 
Published: January 2018

La question de la modernisation de l’action publique environnementale française préfigure-t-elle le droit de l’Environnement à l’aube du XXIe siècle ? Si la Charte de l’environnement témoigne d’une relation symbiotique entre la nature et la perpétuation de l’espèce humaine, l’idée de rénovation laisse subodorer, quant à elle, l’ambition du mieux ou de l’utile. Par ailleurs, il est permis d’observer que l’acte de moderniser aujourd’hui, est dominé par « le statactivisme ». Mais l’invocation de la modernisation du droit de l’environnement ne doit pas tromper, car si cette évolution présente bien les apparences du droit, elle s’apparente davantage à une technique managériale profondément inspirée du concept des politiques publiques, dont l’objectif est de garantir in fine les intérêts de l’Etat dans un domaine prédéfini.
Ombres et lumières sur le droit fondamental à la protection des données personnelles confronté aux services de renseignement en matière de prévention du terrorisme
Authors: Guillot Philippe Ch.-A. 
Published: January 2018

Après avoir rappelé les textes français, européens (Union européenne et Conseil de l’Europe) et internationaux pertinents en matière de protection des données personnelles, cet article fait le point sur la législation française en matière d’accès aux données personnelles par les services français de renseignement aux fins de prévention du terrorisme. Il revient sur la succession de mesures de la loi n° 91-646 du 10 juillet 1991 relative au secret émises par la voie des communications électroniques, qui fut la première à permettre des interceptions de sécurité en la matière, à la mise en place du « système APIPNR France » et la directive PNR, avant d’examiner la loi no 2015-912 du 24 juillet 2015 relative au renseignement.
Le monopole persistant des huissiers de justice en France
Authors: Belmanaa Nawel 
Published: January 2018

Promulguée le 6 août 2015, la loi no 2015-990 pour la croissance, l’activité et l’égalité des chances économiques dite Macron est censée libérer les professions juridiques règlementées. Cependant, les huissiers de justice conserveront leur monopole. On peut alors se demander si les motifs qui ont présidé à l’octroi de ce monopole sont encore d’actualité.
De « la constitution internationale »
Authors: Ngando Sandjè Rodrigue 
Published: January 2018

Telle qu’on l’observe à partir de la promotion des droits fondamentaux par exemple, la pratique du droit au-delà du cadre étatique illustre, en application de l’article 16 de la DDHC, l’hypothèse d’un constitutionnalisme holistique. De cette considération pourrait-il naître l’idée d’une constitution internationale ? La présente contribution tente d’en relever les aspects significatifs. Il y a d’une part, du point de vue formel, la question d’un peuple – et de facto d’un pouvoir constituant – qui marque la dimension politique (le dêmos) de l’ordre juridique supra-étatique. Pour certains auteurs, l’idée de constitution au-delà du cadre étatique ne saurait prospérer en l’absence d’un peuple auquel on imputerait la volonté générale dans ce cadre. Mais quel sens accorde-t-on à la notion de peuple dans ce contexte ? Le développement d’une citoyenneté au-delà des frontières ne suit-elle pas une qualification juridique qui emporte celle du peuple dont l’idée serait consécutive à la mise en place d’un ordre constitutionnel justement ? D’autre part, au point de vue matériel, l’hypothèse d’une constitution internationale se discute à partir du système de production de normes. À ce niveau, la question serait liée à la validité des normes venues d’ailleurs et dont la performance sous-tend un ordre institutionnel en palier : une « cité constitutionnelle » d’après la formule qui fait cours dans le contexte juridique européen.
Le Mäṣḥafä Seddät et le Futūḥ al-Ḥabaša : un cas de contact entre manuscrits islamiques et manuscrits chrétiens d’Éthiopie au XVIe siècle ?
Authors: Chekroun Amélie 
Published: January 2018

Version chrétienne des guerres menées par l’imām Aḥmad depuis le sultanat du Barr Sa‘d ad-Dīn contre le royaume chrétien éthiopien entre les années 1527 et 1543, le Mäṣḥafä Seddät (« Livre de la persécution ») fut inséré au cours de la première moitié du xviiie siècle dans le texte des « chroniques brèves ». Connu de manière autonome dans trois manuscrits chrétiens, ce court texte ge‘ez fut très probablement rédigé au tournant du xviie siècle par un ecclésiastique d’un monastère de l’Enfraz, dans le Bägémder. Cet article avance l’hypothèse que, afin de composer son texte, l’auteur aurait eu accès et se serait très largement inspiré d’une copie du texte arabe du Futūḥ al-Ḥabaša (« Conquête de l’Abyssinie »), version islamique du récit des guerres de l’imam Aḥmad rédigée à Harar au milieu du xvie siècle par un savant musulman. Ce possible cas de contact entre un texte islamique et un auteur chrétien des hauts plateaux permet de remettre en question la séparation couramment admise entre les productions manuscrites islamiques et chrétiennes en Éthiopie au xvie siècle.
Quand l’ancien français aide à apprendre le français
Authors: Longhi Blandine 
Published: January 2018

L’étude d’œuvres du Moyen-Âge en classe peut être l’occasion d’approcher l’ancien français et d’aborder la langue dans une perspective diachronique. Cette démarche s’accorde tout à fait avec l’esprit des nouveaux programmes de collège, qui invitent à faire acquérir aux élèves une posture réflexive par rapport à la langue. Le recours à l’histoire du français permet d’éclairer le processus d’élaboration des normes orthographiques et celui de l’évolution du sens des mots, donnant de la cohérence à ce qui peut paraître arbitraire si l’on ne considère que la langue actuelle. L’ancien français peut également jouer un rôle dans deux axes importants des nouveaux programmes : d’une part l’enseignement de la langue orale et l’étude des relations entre oral et écrit ; d’autre part l’interdisciplinarité, en permettant de tisser des liens entre français, Histoire et histoire des arts, en particulier autour de la question des manuscrits.
La littérature médiévale au collège : un continuum didactique ?
Authors: Lelong Chloé 
Published: January 2018

Si elles étaient jusqu’à présent plutôt réservées à la classe 5ème, en français comme en histoire, les études de textes médiévaux sont préconisées, par les nouveaux programmes, également en 6ème. La littérature du Moyen Âge devient donc un élément parmi d’autres de la continuité souhaitée dans le parcours d’apprentissage et de formation des élèves, continuité mise en œuvre par le nouveau découpage des cycles de la scolarité. Cette notion de continuum didactique s’accompagne d’une profonde volonté de cohésion entre les différentes « matières » enseignées au collège, cohésion formalisée, à partir de la rentrée 2016, par la mise en place des EPI (Enseignements Pratiques Interdisciplinaires). Entre expérimentations et perspectives, le présent exposé souhaite dresser un panorama de l’enseignement du Moyen Âge au collège, avant et après la réforme.
The Utility of Preoperative ACTH/Cortisol Ratio for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cushing's Disease
Authors: Selek Alev , Cetinarslan Berrin , Canturk Zeynep , Tarkun Ilhan , Akyay Ozlem Zeynep , Cabuk Burak , Ceylan Savas 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Purpose: Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a rare disease having diagnostic difficulties. Many diagnostic tests have been defined but none of these are diagnostic alone. Determination of the cause is another problem which sometimes requires more sophisticated and invasive procedures. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the utility of pretreatment plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)/cortisol ratios in patients with confirmed endogenous CS for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of CS. Materials and Methods: This retrospective evaluation included 145 patients with the diagnosis of CS, 119 patients with Cushing's disease (CD), and 26 patients with ACTH-independent CS (AICS), in a university hospital. Furthermore, 114 individuals in whom CS diagnosis was excluded with at least one negative screening test were enrolled to the study as control group. The clinical, laboratory, imaging, postsurgical pathologic records and also clinical follow-up data of all patients were evaluated. Results: The median basal ACTH/cortisol ratio of the patients with CD was significantly higher than AICS and controls. A cutoff ACTH/cortisol ratio >2.5 was found to be diagnostic for CD with 82% specificity and 63% sensitivity. Among CD group, patients with recurrent disease had higher preoperative ACTH levels and ACTH/cortisol ratio than patients with sustained remission. Furthermore, these patients had more invasive, atypical, and larger tumors. Conclusion: An ACTH/cortisol ratio >2.5 would be beneficial to diagnose CD together with other diagnostic tests. It is a simple test with no additional cost. Higher ratios might be related with larger, invasive, and atypical adenoma and also might be helpful to predict recurrence.
Vliv somatických faktorů na výkonnost studentek Fyzioterapie FZS UJEP v Ústí n. L.
Authors: Vaníková Kateřina , Havel Zdeněk 
Published: January 2018

The study contributes to the knowledge expansion regarding basic level performance of the students studying Physiotherapy in Usti nad Labem, the Faculty of Health Studies. The study shows influence somatic factors on the performance. For the study purposes two hypotheses are set: the first one is that the basic level performance of the students studying Physiotherapy is indicated as rather stable during the first year of study, and the second one is that the basic level performance of the students studying the same programme is greatly influenced by somatic factors in motoric tests. The students performed the following tests: the 20 m progressive shuttle run test, Katch-McArdle step test, both hands 2kg ball throwing test, standing broad jump test, body strength test with a horizontal bar, lie down-stand up 1 min exercise test, seated forward bend test and Iowa Brace test. Additionally, the somatic factors such as body height, body weight, lean body mass and body fat were measured. Active body mass and body fat of the students’ tested in the year 2014 were calculated using Body Jett device. The results show that the average BMI can be considered as normal in both groups. The student group of the year 2014 showed 31% higher level of body fat than the norm. The basic level performance of the first-year students studying Physiotherapy is stated as stable. The results confirmed that the students’ basic level performance is influenced by somatic factors.
Plavecká úroveň studentů Univerzity Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně v letech 2002–2013
Authors: Dolejšová Miroslava , Melichárek Zdeněk , Kubalčíková Marcela 
Published: January 2018

The aim of this paper is to compare the swimming fitness of students at our university. We wanted to know whether the non-swimmers could improve their swimming fitness at the end of the swimming training. We wanted to know whether the students of our university improved their swimming fitness at the end of the swimming training. We wondered whether the swimming fitness of our university students has changed in 10 years. The first part of the analysis covered the years 2007 to 2013. We examined whether the non-swimmers were able to improve the swimming fitness. At the same time we examined whether the students improved the swimming fitness at the end of the swimming training. We used the tests of proportions to analyse the data. The second part of the analysis covered the years 2002 and 2012. We measured the times of students both at the beginning and at the end of the swimming training in these years. We wondered whether the swimming fitness of university students has changed in 10 years. To compare the swimming fitness in 2002 and 2012 we used the Wilcoxon test for paired samples. To compare the swimming fitness in 10 years we applied the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test.We found that 138 non-swimmers improved their swimming fitness at the end of the swimming training. It has been shown that non-swimmers made up less than 10 % of the total number of students who attended the swimming training between the years 2007 and 2013. All non-swimmers improved in academic years 2007/2008, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. 92 non-swimmers swam the limit of 100 meters. We have shown that 60 % of non-swimmers improved their swimming fitness at the end of the swimming training. Furthermore, we found that a third of students mismanaged to swim the limit of 100 meters. The required limit of 100 meters swam 1 029 students. 3 432 students improved the swimming fitness at the end of the swimming training. Furthermore, we found that the swimming fitness of students improved both in 2002 and 2012. Finally, we found that the swimming fitness of our students has improved in 10 years. We managed to prove almost all the statistical hypothesis at the significance level of 0.05 and therefore we could consider them to be statistically significant. The procedure that we used to analyse the swimming fitness of students at the Tomas Bata University in Zlín may be beneficial for analysis of the swimming fitness not only at other universities, but in different workplaces that deal with measuring the performance of athletes.
Marketingové plánování a řízení vrcholové sportovní akce – Czech Open
Authors: Blažek Adam 
Published: January 2018

My work describes practical hypothesis of the organizational coping of a sport event – international tennis tournament Czech Open. My work also focuses on content and form of a marketing plan and the role of a manager by the creating of a marketing plan. Discussion is held with main managers of the TK Plus s.r.o. who are responsible for the course of this event. The method of directed dialogue was used in this part. The discussion is based on 15 questions that cover all problems of the organization of this sport event. The questionnaire and answers are a component of my work (in the text and appendix). Conclusion offers some generalization of the acquired results and assessment of the presumption for the organizational coping of a sport event.
Hry a jejich využití v tréninku (především dětí)
Authors: Perič Tomáš , Dragounová Zuzana 
Published: January 2018

The play is an integral part of human existence. It brings an important educational and socialization significance in children age. We define principle of playing in children sports training, whose fundamental aspects are: implicit learning and flow state. Games can be used in practice as a method of development of certain activities and the contents are divided into four thematic groups: 1) skills games (learning of the new skills, or application already learned skill), 2) abilities games, 3) decision-making processes in competitive situations games, 4) cooperation games.
Scaffold thrombosis following implantation of the ABSORB BVS in routine clinical practice: Insight into possible mechanisms from optical coherence tomography
Authors: Kraak Robin P. , Kajita Alexandre H. , Garcia‐Garcia Hector M. , Henriques Jose. P. S. , Piek Jan. J. , Arkenbout E. Karin , van der Schaaf René J. , Tijssen Jan G. P. , de Winter Robbert J. , Wykrzykowska Joanna J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo identify potential underlying mechanisms of early and (very) late scaffold thrombosis (ScT) by optical coherence tomography (OCT), in a frame‐by‐frame analysis.BackgroundThe absorb scaffold is associated with an increased risk of ScT compared with metallic stents. Several potential causes of bioresorbable ScT have been identified, however the precise etiology still remains unclear.MethodsBetween February 2013 and February 2016, 13 patients presenting with definite ScT underwent OCT imaging. After guidewire passage or balloon inflations, OCT images were acquired. Pullbacks were assessed offline at each 1 mm longitudinal interval within the treated segment and the 5 mm segments adjacent to both edges. Primary cause of ScT was assessed by reviewing medical records, baseline angiographic films, and OCT pullback and angiographic films at time of ScT.Results13 patients, with 14 thrombotic lesions presented either with early ScT (i.e., ≤30 days) or very (late) (i.e., >30 days). Analysis demonstrated a significantly smaller in‐scaffold maximal lumen diameter in the early cases (2.75 ± 0.85 mm vs. 3.00 ± 0.46 mm; P = 0.033) and a nonsignificant smaller minimal scaffold diameter (2.44 ± 0.62 mm vs. 2.58 ± 0.37 mm P = 0.097). Per‐strut analysis demonstrated significantly more malapposed scaffold struts in (very) late cases (6% versus 0.6%, P < 0.001). Assessment of the predominate cause showed underexpansion as the dominant factor in the early cases, while malapposition was predominantly seen in the (very)late cases.ConclusionsOCT performed in patients presenting with Absorb ScT demonstrated that malapposition of scaffold struts was more prominent in patients presenting with (very) late ScT, while underexpansion was more frequent in the early cases.
Comparison of treatment strategies for femoro‐popliteal disease: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Koifman Edward , Lipinski Michael J. , Buchanan Kyle , Yu Kang Won , Escarcega Ricardo O. , Waksman Ron , Bernardo Nelson L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to compare treatment strategies in a Bayesian network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials.BackgroundPeripheral artery disease (PAD) is a prevalent morbidity that is treated with various strategies.MethodsWe performed a MEDLINE search for randomized studies comparing at least 2 treatment strategies, including bypass surgery, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) balloons, stents, covered stents, drug‐eluting stents (DES), and drug‐coated balloons (DCB), in patients with native femoro‐popliteal disease. Mixed treatment comparison model generation was performed to directly and indirectly compare the strategies in terms of restenosis and target lesion revascularization (TLR) presented as odds ratios (OR, [95% credible intervals]).ResultsTwenty‐nine studies with 4,820 patients were included in the present study. PTA was the largest group with 1,900 patients, followed by DCB (n = 1,343), bare metal stents (n = 941), covered stents (n = 304), DES (n = 236), and bypass (n = 92). Mean age was 68 ± 9 years, 64% were male, 37% diabetic, and 55% smokers. Mean lesion length was 77 ± 44 mm, and 39% were total occlusions. Bayesian hierarchical random‐effects model demonstrated all treatments were significantly better than, or had a trend toward superiority over, PTA, with DCB ranking well in both restenosis (OR = 0.29, [0.17‐0.47]) and TLR (OR = 0.31, [0.20‐0.46]). Nonetheless, none of the therapies showed superiority in terms of survival or amputations.ConclusionTreatment of femoro‐popliteal disease has significantly evolved in recent years, with higher rates of patency and freedom from TLR. However, the utility of these treatment strategies in terms of reduction of amputations and overall survival remains in question.