bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Model of Contamination Threat Assessment in Water Network Using the Epanet Software
Authors: Studziński Andrzej , Pietrucha-Urbanik Katarzyna 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the risk of failure of group water network in case of raw water contamination. The analysis was based on qualitative simulation performed in hydraulic water network model developed in the EPANET software. It was focused on the quantitative description of the consequences of chemically contaminated water. The methodology of risk assessment relies in determining the consequences of the supply water containing contamination threatening the health and lives of water consumers. The research methodology is as follows: development of a hydraulic model of the water pipeline and it’s hydraulic verification, computer simulations of contamination propagation, calculating the dose delivered to the i-th section of the water supply system supplying water to Ni recipients and the mass of a substance that enters the body li. The simulation results indicate the spread of contamination that after 24 h covered most of the area supplied with water. The load delivered to the resident obtaining water from the i-th section of the water supply network, Li/Ni, was up to 18 g·d-1, at least 15 g·d-1 was received by 34.9% of the population, 10-15 g·d-1 by 12.5% of the residents, 5-10 g·d-1 by 10.7% of the residents, 0-5 g·d-1 by 41.7% of the residents and uncontaminated water was delivered to only 13.3% of the consumers. The dose taken by the statistical consumer (calculated as for adults) l is up to 0.8 g for Li/Ni = 18 g·d-1 and is proportional to Li/Ni.
Influence of Treated Sewage Discharge on the Benthos Ciliate Assembly in the Lowland River
Authors: Babko Roman , Kuzmina Tatiana , Suchorab Zbigniew , Widomski Marcin K. , Franus Małgorzata 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis paper presents results of the studies of ciliate assemblage in benthos of lowland river influenced by sewage discharged from the municipal wastewater treatment plant. During the presented research the 47 ciliate species, including 45 species from the benthos of the river and 18 from the activated sludge of aeration chamber were identified. Only two species registered in the activated sludge were not observed in the river. Against the background of the lowest number of species in the point located in the distance of 50 m below the discharge of sewage the maximum amount and biomass of these species were observed. Whereas, 200 m below the discharge the decrease in number and biomass of ciliate to the level noted for location before the discharge was observed. Thus, generalizing, one may state that influence of municipal WWTP sewage discharge for ciliate assemblage in the river’s benthos was clearly visible but local.
On Definition of Operator o for Weakly Nonlinear Circuits
Authors: Borys Andrzej 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
For the first time, operator o appeared in the literature on weakly nonlinear circuits in a Narayanan’s paper on modelling transistor nonlinear distortion with the use of Volterra series. Its definition was restricted only to the linear part of a nonlinear circuit description. Obviously, as we show here, Narayanan’s operator o had meaning of a linear convolution integral. The extended version of this operator, which was applied to the whole nonlinear circuit representation by the Volterra series, was introduced by Meyer and Stephens in their paper on modelling nonlinear distortion in variable-capacitance diodes. We show here that its definition as well as another definition communicated to the author of this paper are faulty. We draw here attention to these facts because the faults made by Meyer and Stephens were afterwards replicated in publications of Palumbo and his coworkers on harmonic distortion calculation in integrated CMOS amplifiers, and recently in a paper about distortion analysis of parametric amplifier by H. Shrimali and S. Chatterjee. These faults are also present in some class notes for students, which are available on WWW-pages.
MTCA.4 - modular measurement and control system with sub-nanosecond time synchronization and support for RF applications
Authors: Kasprowicz Grzegorz 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The Micro TCA platform [1] is rapidly developing modular technology for measurement and control systems. There are available versions for laboratories, military and aviation. The newest release of the standard (MTCA.4) supports high frequency RF applications like particle accelerators, radio, telecom and radar. The PERG group together with partners from Europe and Poland takes active part in development process, i.e. implementation of sub-ns [2] synchronization, event and RF distribution system over fibre networks. It enhances significantly capabilities of MTCA platform in distributed measurement systems (i.e. passive radars) and enables fully deterministic operation of hard real time control systems.
An Experimental Study of Conducted EMI Mitigation on the LED Driver using Spread Spectrum Technique
Authors: Yanuar H Mohammad , Hidayat Risanuri , Firmansyah Eka 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
LED driver has the potential to interfere the system of electronic devices if the voltage and current change rapidly. Several previous studies presented various solutions to overcome this problem such as particular converter design, component design, electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters, and spread-spectrum techniques. Compared to other solutions, the spread-spectrum technique is the most potential way to reduce the EMI in LED applications due to its limited cost-size-weight. In this paper, the effectiveness of conducted EMI suppression performance and the evaluation of its effect on LED luminance using spread-spectrum techniques are investigated. Spread-spectrum is applied to the system by modifying the switching frequency by providing disturbances at pin IADJ. The disorder is given in the form of four signals, namely square, filtered-square, triangular, and sine disturbance signals. The highest level of the EMI suppression of about 31.89% is achieved when the LED driver is given 800 mVpp filtered-square waveform. The highest reduction power level occurs at fundamental frequency reference, when it is given 700 mVpp square disruption signal, is about 81.77% reduction. The LED luminance level will reduce by 85.2% when it is given the four waveforms disruption signals. These reductions occur as the switching frequency of the LED driver does not work on a fixed frequency, but it varies in certain bands. LED brightness level has a tendency to generate a constant value of 235 lux when it is given the disruption signals. This disturbance signal causes the dimming function on the system that does not work properly.
Functionalization of epoxy resin and the performance of the resultant magnesium-rich primer
Authors: Ge Chengyue , Guo Yudi , Ma Xiumin , Hou Baorong 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
A magnesium (Mg)-rich primer can provide cathodic protection for an aluminum (Al) alloy due to the lower potential of Mg. However, the Mg-rich primer prepared by simple blends shows poor flexibility and impact resistance. In this paper, bisphenol-A type epoxy resin E-20 was graft modified by hydroxyl silicon oil (HS), amino silane coupling agent and diphenyl-methane-diisocyanate (MDI) by three different ways. Then Mg-rich primer was prepared by direct blends of modified resins. Results indicate that the introduction of siloxane groups could improve the comprehensive performance of the coating especially the flexibility and impact resistance. Furthermore, Mg-rich primer prepared from MDI modified epoxy resin even possesses excellent salt spray and aging resistance.
Research of the thermal aging mechanism of polycarbonate and polyester film
Authors: Wang Wei , He Dongxin , Yang Kai , Liu Shiyuan , Song Shu , Yi Denghui 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Insulating paper is a traditional insulation material used for transformer insulation. Transformer development is not only limited to small sizes and large capacities, but also limited to insulation life as insulating paper cannot withstand high temperatures. Therefore, recent studies have focused on improving the performance of insulation paper and discovering better insulation materials. In this study, two types of polymeric materials, polycarbonate (PC) and polyester film (PET), were chosen for comparative analysis. In order to test whether these two materials could be used in oil-immersed transformers, the PC and PET were placed in transformer oil for thermal aging at 110°C and 130°C, respectively. The thermal cracking processes and fragmentation mechanisms of the PC, PET, and insulation paper were analyzed using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), as well as their degrees of polymerization and surface morphologies. According to the test results, the initial thermal decomposition temperature of PC and PET are higher than insulation paper and exhibited a better thermal resistance. PC and PET have the potential to substitute insulation paper for large capacity power transformer.
Screen type mixed boundary value problems for anisotropic pseudo-Maxwell’s equations
Authors: Chkadua Otar , Duduchava Roland , Kapanadze David 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
We investigate screen type mixed boundary value problems for anisotropic pseudo-Maxwell’s equations.
We show that the problems with tangent traces are well posed in tangent Sobolev spaces.
The unique solvability results are proven based on the potential method and coercivity result of Costabel on the bilinear form associated with pseudo-Maxwell’s equations.
In-Process Tool Wear Detection Using Internal Encoder Signals for Unmanned Robust Machining
Authors: Repo Jari , Wretland Anders , Beno Tomas , Tu Jay 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAutomated Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) often relies on additional sensors sensitive to tool wear in order to achieve robust machining processes. The need of additional sensors could impede the implementation of tool monitoring systems in industry due to the cost and retrofitting difficulties. This paper has investigated the use of existing position encoder signals to monitor a special face turning process with constant feed per revolution and machining speed. A signal processing method by converting encoder signals into a complex-valued form and a new vibration signature extraction method based on phase function were developed to analyze the encoder signals in the frequency domain. The cumulative spectrum indicated that the spectral energy would shift from the lower to the higher frequency band with increasing cutting load. The embedded vibration signatures extracted from the encoder signals provided real-time detectability of the machining condition with distinguishable spectral modes. The embedded vibration signatures extracted from the encoder signals provided additional detectability of the machining condition with distinguishable spectral modes. In particular, tool chipping manifested itself as significant amplitude changes at a specific frequency band 20-30 Hz in the extracted vibration signatures. A new monitoring metric based on the XY-plane modulations combined with statistical process control charts was proposed. This metric was shown to be highly correlated to tool wear and tool wear rate. The results show that when tool chipping occurred, it could be detected when this tool wear rate value jumped in combination with breach of the control limits. This confirms that internal encoder signals, together with the proposed metric, could be an in-process toolwear monitor to help achieving unmanned robust machining.
An Innovative System to Enhance Situational Awareness in Disaster Response
Authors: Mohsin Bukhtiar , Steinhäusler Friedrich , Madl Pierre , Kiefel Maximilian 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
A collaborative decision support system has been developed to enhance situation awareness in case of complex disasters. It includes three modules: (1) UAV carrying multiple sensors; (2) Computer-based expert system (CES); (3) 2D-plume dispersion model. This research focuses on how contemporary technology, combined with commercial off-the-shelf-technology, can be used to fuse information and speed up decision-making. The system provides a context based common operational picture for first responders on scene, and incident commanders in control rooms. The research was conducted in close collaboration with different first response teams, to develop an end user oriented system. We present the design process the regulatory requirements, and the end user needs that will help future developers of such systems. We also highlight some of the areas where further research effort is required. The core system has been evaluated by local police and fire departments, and an EU review team including medical and firefighting practitioners.
Democracy, State Capacity and Civil Wars: A New Perspective
Authors: Rossignoli Domenico 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This paper explores the intertwined relationship between democracy and state capacity, i.e. the effectiveness of state sovereignty over its territory and population, in affecting the probability of civil wars’ onset. This work aims at providing a fresh new look on this relationship by exploiting the recent release of a new dataset of institutional indicators (provided within the V-Dem project), that allows to analyse the effect of democracy and state capacity on conflicts’ onset. The analysis is performed through a logit model, investigating 142 countries over the period 1950–2014. The paper shows that once state capacity is fully taken into account, the inverted-U shaped relationship between democracy and civil wars is no longer robust to alternative measures of democracy, and that state capacity is the crucial factor in providing a decrease in the probability of the onset of a civil conflict. Furthermore, by implementing an interactive model, the paper shows that state capacity counterbalances the effect of democracy when incompatibility is over government, by generating an overall decreasing effect on the probability of civil war.
Influence of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) on Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of AW-7020M and Aw-7020 Alloys
Authors: Dudzik Krzysztof , Jurczak Wojciech 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Friction welding associated with mixing the weld material (FSW - Friction Stir Welding ) is an alternative to MIG and TIG welding techniques for Al-alloys. This paper presents experimental results obtained from static tension tests on specimens made of AW-7020M and AW-7020 alloys and their joints welded by using FSW method carried out on flat specimens, according to Polish standards : PN-EN ISO 4136:2011 and PN-EN ISO 6892-1:2010. Results of corrosion resistance tests are also presented. The tests were performed by using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). EIS measurement was conducted with the use of three-electrode system in a substitute sea water environment (3,5% NaCl - water solution). The impedance tests were carried out under corrosion potential. Voltage signal amplitude was equal to 10mV, and its frequency range - 100 kHz ÷ 0,1 Hz. Atlas 0531 EU&IA potentiostat was used for the tests. For the tested object an equivalent model was selected in the form of a substitute electric circuit. Results of the impedance spectroscopy tests are presented in the form of parameters which characterize corrosion process, as well as on Nyquist’s graphs together with the best-fit theoretical curve.
Analysis of the test results showed that the value of charge transfer resistance through double layer , Rct , for the FSW-welded specimen , was lower than that for the basic material, and that much greater difference was found in the case of AW-7020M alloy.
The impedance spectroscopy tests showed that both the FSW-welded joints and basic material of AW-7020M and AW-7020 alloys were characterized by a good resistance against electrochemical corrosion in sea water environment , and that FSW-welded joints revealed a greater corrosion rate..
The performed tests and subject-matter literature research indicate that application of FSW method to joining Al-alloys in shipbuilding is rational.
In search of effective remediation for students with developmental dyslexia – a review of contemporary English literature
Authors: Bogdanowicz Katarzyna M. , Krasowicz-Kupis Grażyna , Wiejak Katarzyna 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Although developmental dyslexia is frequently diagnosed in Poland, little knowledge of effective treatment for this disorder is available in Polish society. Remedial teachers for many years have applied traditional methods aimed at correction and compensation for affected cognitive functions and academic skills. Otherwise, although western therapies are regularly advertised in the media, their effectiveness has rarely been subject to scientific investigation. Since the assumptions underlying some approaches are not consistent with current understanding of cognitive function, they may attract negative expert appraisal.
Unfortunately, it seems that fashion in dyslexia therapy is resistant to rare expressions of criticism from the scientific community. The purpose of this article is to promote awareness about effective treatment for specific reading disorders. Teachers’ greater understanding in this area should help Polish dyslexic children and their parents, who may be confused by offers of misguided therapy and sharp business practise. It is hoped that this article will clarify the situation.
In this review of modern English journal articles, focus is on remedial teaching of reading, and more specifically, support for dyslexic students experiencing difficulties in decoding. Here we are concerned only with therapy in alphabetic languages in which individual speech sounds correspond to letters. Analysis of articles from the last six years leads to the conclusion that the most effective therapy for the reading disorder is training in phonological awareness and consolidation of letter-sound knowledge. However, these skills should be practised in the context of reading.
Suppression of negative affect in cancer patients. Trauma and defensiveness of self-esteem as predictors of depression and anxiety
Authors: Fila-Jankowska Aleksandra , Szawińska Agata 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The results of the work show that the relatively small differences in declared, negative emotional states (such as depression or anxiety) between people suffering and not suffering from cancer can be explained by the suppression of negative affect in the former. It was assumed that the suppression is related to a compensation of an automatic, affective self-assessment - i.e. implicit self-esteem, lower in cancer patients. The results confirmed that the connection of cancer and depression (similarly cancer and anxiety) became significantly stronger while the self-esteem defensiveness and past stress are statistically controlled.
The Interplay between Religiosity and Horizontal and Vertical Individualism-Collectivism among Polish Catholic Students
Authors: Zarzycka Beata , Tychmanowicz Anna , Goździewicz-Rostankowska Agata 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIndividualism-collectivism has emerged as one of the most important constructs to depict cultural differences and similarities. It is typical to examine individualism and collectivism through comparison between the cultures of the West and those of the East or comparison between various religious traditions, e.g. Christianity has been seen as the source of Western individualistic understanding whilst Buddhism as the source of Eastern collectivist understanding. The research presented in this paper explored the connections between individualism-collectivism and religiosity in Polish Catholic culture. Although Poland is an orthodox Catholic environment, gradually intensified secularization processes have been observed there. In two separate studies we examined relationships between individualism-collectivism and religiosity defined in a traditional (study 1) and secularized context (study 2).
Introduction: Eurobonds beyond Crisis Management
Authors: Eger Thomas , Schäfer Hans-Bernd 
Published: October 2016

AbstractEurobonds, i.e. the mutualization of (some) of the Eurozone member states debts, remain a promising tool not as a remedy for the ongoing debt crisis but for a number of other, more long-term reasons. This introduction to the present special issue of the Review of Law and Economics lays the ground for the subsequent in-depth analyses by providing a framework comprised of, on the one hand, the most prominent proposals for Eurobonds and, on the other hand, the legal and economic criteria against which the suitability of these proposals may be judged.
Tetrazole-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles for Catalytic Applications
Authors: Guhrenz Chris , Wolf André , Adam Marion , Sonntag Luisa , Voitekhovich Sergei V. , Kaskel Stefan , Gaponik Nikolai , Eychmüller Alexander 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Herein, we report on a proof-of-concept application of tetrazole-stabilized Au nanoparticles (NPs) for CO oxidation. After impregnation of the support material TiO2 with the tetrazole-stabilized Au NPs (diameter<5 nm), a thermal heat treatment under oxygen is used to remove the tetrazole from the NP surface. The resulting surfactant-free NPs are used in the CO oxidation and show enhanced catalytic activity in comparison to the untreated samples demonstrating the potential of tetrazole-stabilized NPs for various catalytic applications.
Prevalência de excesso de peso em pessoas que vivem com HIV: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Pinhal Fernanda Cristina Gomes , Tonello Maria Georgina Marques , Bittar Cléria Maria Lôbo , Vassimon Helena Siqueira 
Published: October 2016

O uso da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) trouxe melhorias significativas para a qualidade de vida de pessoas que vivem com HIV, que não mais se caracterizam pela subnutrição. Após 20 anos do uso deste medicamento, estudos vêm descrevendo aumento de excesso de peso nesta população, o que tem despertado o interesse de diversos pesquisadores. Objetivo: identificar prevalência de excesso de peso em pessoas que vivem com HIV. Método: revisão sistemática realizada através da base de dados PubMed e dos descritores prevalence, HIV, nutricional status e obesity. Foram incluídos os artigos cujos estudos foram realizados com adultos que vivem com HIV; que continham as palavras-chave em seu título, resumo ou texto; que fossem artigos completos, originais e publicados nos idiomas, inglês, português e espanhol. Foram pesquisados artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos. A busca foi realizada durante a primeira quinzena de novembro de 2015. Foram excluídos artigos realizados com população infantil, adolescente e gestante, artigos incompletos, de tese, dissertação e de revisão sistemática. Resultados: ao fim da análise de pares, seis artigos foram selecionados, sendo cinco deles realizados no Brasil e apenas um no México. Os estudos apontaram prevalência de excesso de peso em pessoas que vivem com HIV que variou entre 25% e 48,3%, média de 38,7% dos participantes das pesquisas. Considerações finais: a prevalência de excesso de peso em pessoas que vivem com HIV assemelha-se à taxa de prevalência da população geral, o que sugere
necessidade de atenção especial para garantir a qualidade de vida desta população.