bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BiLEE: Bi-Level Early Exiting for Generative Document Retrieval
Authors: Fang Rui , Yeh Chin-Yuan , Chen Hsi-Wen , Chen Ming-Syan 
Published: October 2024

Generative document retrieval (GDR) uses pre-trained Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) to extract contextual information and directly predict document identifier token sequences, outperforming traditional document retrieval methods. However, LLMs incur significant computational costs, hindering GDR’s practical application and making inference acceleration essential. Early exiting is one of the conditional computing techniques that expedites LLM inference, but it faces challenges when integrated into GDR due to GDR’s semantically hierarchical structured identifiers, which cause error amplification from premature exits. Moreover, although beam search expands the search space, the hierarchical structure of document identifiers restricts the diversity of initial tokens, leading to inefficiencies. In this work, we introduce Bi-Level Early Exiting for Generative Document Retrieval (BiLEE), comprising Layer Level Early Exiting (LLEE) and Token Level Early Exiting (TLEE). LLEEare designed for hierarchical document identifiers, dynamically escaping from the middle layer of the Transformer calculation based on a data-driven calibrated token threshold. TLEE exiting from unpromising candidate sequences, thus discarding unpromising search beams and enhancing beam search efficiency. Both components dynamically balance the speed-to-accuracy trade-offs for different token positions, doubling GDR’s inference speed and obtaining 13× reduction for FLOPs while maintaining the same level of accuracy. Source code: https://github.com/Rui-Fang/BiLEE.
Decision-Focused Learning to Predict Action Costs for Planning
Authors: Mandi Jayanta , Foschini Marco , Höller Daniel , Thiebaux Sylvie , Hoffmann Jörg , Guns Tias 
Published: October 2024

In many automated planning applications, action costs can be hard to specify. An example is the time needed to travel through a certain road segment, which depends on many factors, such as the current weather conditions. A natural way to address this issue is to learn to predict these parameters based on input features (e.g., weather forecasts) and use the predicted action costs in automated planning afterward. Decision-Focused Learning (DFL) has been successful in learning to predict the parameters of combinatorial optimization problems in a way that optimizes solution quality rather than prediction quality. This approach yields better results than treating prediction and optimization as separate tasks. In this paper, we investigate for the first time the challenges of implementing DFL for automated planning in order to learn to predict the action costs. There are two main challenges to overcome: (1) planning systems are called during gradient descent learning, to solve planning problems with negative action costs, which are not supported in planning. We propose novel methods for gradient computation to avoid this issue. (2) DFL requires repeated planner calls during training, which can limit the scalability of the method. We experiment with different methods approximating the optimal plan as well as an easy-to-implement caching mechanism to speed up the learning process. As the first work that addresses DFL for automated planning, we demonstrate that the proposed gradient computation consistently yields significantly better plans than predictions aimed at minimizing prediction error; and that caching can temper the computation requirements.
Using Backdoors to Generate Learnt Information in SAT Solving
Authors: Andreev Alexander , Chukharev Konstantin , Kochemazov Stepan , Semenov Alexander 
Published: October 2024

Backdoors for SAT, proposed by Williams et al. in 2003, are the sets of variables, the instantiation of which vastly simplifies the resulting subproblem. The focus of the present paper are ρ-backdoors — the probabilistic generalization of Strong Backdoor Sets. Unlike most kinds of backdoors, small ρ-backdoors with ρ > 0 are relatively easy to find and they can be found in many formulas. In the theoretical part of the paper, we show that there exists a connection between ρ-backdoors and the conflict information generated by CDCL SAT solvers. On the one hand, any set of variables appearing in some learnt clauses can be viewed as a ρ-backdoor (with ρ > 0) with respect to the Unit Propagation (UP) rule. On the other hand, surprisingly, ρ-backdoors can often be used to generate logical entailments of a formula, which can be viewed as learnt clauses, and we present several techniques and algorithms, that can be used to derive such clauses. We also show that a ρ-backdoor with ρ > 0 can be considered as a partial unsatisfiability certificate for a CNF formula as it proves that the formula is false for the fraction of at least ρ of all possible assignments. Therefore, from the practical viewpoint, finding ρ-backdoors with ρ close to 1 makes sense. To evaluate the proposed techniques, we implemented a proof-of-concept prototype, that interleaves the backdoor-based techniques with standard CDCL solving, and evaluated it on a variety of challenging benchmarks. The results of the experiments show that the proposed technique makes it possible to speed up the SAT solving for many hard SAT instances both from SAT Competitions and of industrial origin.
CODD: A Decision Diagram-Based Solver for Combinatorial Optimization
Authors: Michel Laurent , van Hoeve Willem-Jan 
Published: October 2024

We introduce CODD, a system for solving combinatorial optimization problems using decision diagram technology. Problems are represented as state-based dynamic programming models using the CODD language specification. The model specification is used to automatically compile relaxed and restricted decision diagrams that are embedded inside a branch-and-bound search process. We introduce abstractions that allow us to generically implement the solver components while maintaining overall execution efficiency. We demonstrate the functionality of CODD on a variety of combinatorial optimization problems and compare its performance to other state-based solvers as well as integer programming and constraint programming solvers. CODD provides competitive results and can outperform the other solvers, sometimes by orders of magnitude.
Generating SROI− Ontologies via Knowledge Graph Query Embedding Learning
Authors: He Yunjie , Hernandez Daniel , Nayyeri Mojtaba , Xiong Bo , Zhu Yuqicheng , Kharlamov Evgeny , Staab Steffen 
Published: October 2024

Query embedding approaches answer complex logical queries over incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs) by computing and operating on low-dimensional vector representations of entities, relations, and queries. However, current query embedding models heavily rely on excessively parameterized neural networks and cannot explain the knowledge learned from the graph. We propose a novel query embedding method, AConE, which explains the knowledge learned from the graph in the form of SROI− description logic axioms while being more parameter-efficient than most existing approaches. AConE associates queries to SROI− description logic concepts. Every SROI− concept is embedded as a cone in complex vector space, and each SROI− relation is embedded as a transformation that rotates and scales cones. We show theoretically that AConE can learn SROI− axioms, and defines an algebra whose operations correspond one-to-one to SROI− description logic concept constructs. Our empirical study on multiple query datasets shows that AConE achieves superior results over previous baselines with fewer parameters. Notably on the WN18RR dataset, AConE achieves significant improvement over baseline models. We provide comprehensive analyses showing that the capability to represent axioms positively impacts the results of query answering.
Rat hippocampus structures after experimental traumatic brain injury and GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex modulators administration
Authors: Shemet Yaroslav , Likhodiievskyi Volodymyr 
Published: October 2024

the global incidence of traumatic brain injury remains high and long-lasting consequences of such injury brings both medical and social burden on public health. Such comorbidity among others includes early and late post-traumatic epilepsy, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression and anxiety, cognitive impairments often require prolonged treatment. The incidence of such negative outcomes of traumatic brain injury is extremely high among deployed military personnel and war-affected civilians. All of the facts that mentioned above require the development of new strategies, including novel drug designing to provide complex treatment and overcome existing difficulties in rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex modulators on rat hippocampus zones after traumatic brain injury. The experiment was carried out on male Wistar rats. To obtain traumatic brain injury we used a modified weight drop model. Rats were divided to intact, placebo (received placebo treatment), MPTD-01 (treated with 4-(4’-Methoxyphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2,3-benzodiazepin-1-one; intraperitoneally, 5 mg/kg once a day) and BS 34-20 (treated with 6-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a][2,3]benzodiazepine; intraperitoneally, 5 mg/kg once a day) groups. The light microscopy with hematoxylin and eosin straining was performed on 3, 7, 14, 21 days after injury. Hippocampus CA1, CA3 zones and dentate gyrus were studied. Unlike the placebo group, the MPTD-01 and BS 34-20 experimental groups demonstrated a smoothing of the swelling phase and its reduction, a shift in the time phase of cellular reactions to a later time. In the BS 34-20 group, minimal edema and more complete restoration of the structure of the hippocampus was observed on the 21st day of the experiment. Even though the studied structures of the hippocampus were not directly traumatized during the performance of the TBI model, they also undergo remodeling according to the revealed patterns. Such remodeling consists in the sequential change of the swelling phase by the phase of cellular reactions followed by the recovery phase. As it was shown in current study, the use of MPTD-01 and BS 34-20 in rats after a moderate traumatic brain injury leads to a time shift and smoothing of the edema phase. The possible explanation of the studied drugs action is excitotoxicity reduction what results in less pronounced secondary alteration. Tested novel hydrogenated benzodiazepines can be considered as promising drugs for neurodegeneration prevention after mild traumatic brain injuries, but their effect on glia activation and other phases of inflammatory cascade both with neuron and gliocyte ultrastructure still need to be investigated.
Comparative Study of Epithelial Tumor Development in General Hospitals in Iraq
Authors: Ali Thaer Kassim , AL-Kafaji Raid Razak Ali 
Published: October 2024

Epithelial tumor is the most common cancer in Iraq. The disease is frequently diagnosed in individuals who are more than 55 years old, both females and males. Epithelial tumors are composed of different subtypes of surface epithelial tumors. The tumor is called after the component that predominates; however, the tissue has to establish more than 10% of the whole tumor. To evaluate the clinical and pathological parameters of epithelial tumor among Iraqi patients from 2010 to 2020. This retrospective study analyzed the clinical and pathological parameters of (1330) patients who were diagnosed with epithelial tumors from 2010 to 2020 in Iraq. The studied parameters comprised demographic factors like gender, age, tumor sites, and governorates. The Iraqi patients were highly significant at 55 years of age and showed a greater tendency to present at a later stage. The most common epithelial tumors in the current study was squamous cell papilloma in the palate site, which showed the highest rate of occurrence that was more widespread among males for age among patients more than 55 years old. The significant differences in the clinical and tumor features of epithelial tumor among the Iraqi patients propose heterogeneity in the primary biology of the tumor, which is increased in Iraq by the problem of delayed diagnosis. The significant ethnic differences in epithelial tumor features recommend the rapid support of the national cancer control plan in Iraq as a main method for the administration of the disease.
Impacto do treinamento concorrente na aptidão funcional de idosas no cenário pós-pandêmico
Authors: Resende-Neto Antônio Gomes de , Mota Marcelo Mendonça , Cruz Cleide Ane Barbosa da , Netto Sebastião Barbosa , Silva-Grigoletto Marzo Edir Da 
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O declínio da capacidade funcional em idosos está relacionado com alterações neuromusculares e metabólicas, fazendo do treinamento concorrente (TC) uma opção promissora. Porém, observa-se ainda uma carência de investigações analisando seus reais efeitos em respostas multisistêmicas direcionadas as atividades cotidianas de idosas destreinadas. Objetivo: Verificar se o treinamento concorrente é eficaz em melhorar a aptidão funcional de idosas destreinadas. Métodos: Quarenta idosas concluíram oito semanas de treinamento, sendo randomizadas em dois grupos: Treinamento Concorrente (TC: n = 26; 66,54 ± 5,76 anos) e Grupo Controle (GC: n = 14; 68,29 ± 5,97 anos). A aptidão funcional foi verificada por meios dos seguintes testes: Teste vestir e tirar a camisa; Levantar do solo; Transferência de galões; Time up go; Sentar e levantar da cadeira e Velocidade de marcha em 10 m. Resultados: Ao final da intervenção, o TC apresentou melhoras estatisticamente significativas em todas as variáveis com relação aos valores iniciais. Quando comparado ao GC, o TC promoveu adaptações estatisticamente significativas nas variáveis: 1-Teste vestir e tirar a camisa (TC: 14,38 ± 2,60 vs GC: 15,52 ± 2,79 seg..; ∆%: 7,9; p ≤ 0,05); 2-Levantar do solo (TC: 2,99 ± 0,70 vs. GC: 3,72 ± ,76 seg.; ∆%:24,4; p ≤ 0,01); 3-Velocidade de marcha em 10 metros (TC: 5,38 ± 0,62 vs GC: 6,01 ± 1,02 seg; ∆%:11,7; p ≤ 0,02); 4-Time up go (TC: 6,06 ± 0,67 vs. GC: 6,50 ± 0,98 seg.; ∆%:7,2; p ≤ 0,05); 5-Sentar e levantar da cadeira (TC: 5,34 ± 0,95 vs. GC: 6,20 ± 1,54 seg; ∆%: 16,1; p ≤ 0,03); 6-Transferência de galões (TC: 9,67 ± 1,29 vs. GC: 11,31 ± 1,94 seg; ∆%: 17,5; p ≤ 0,01). Conclusão: O treinamento concorrente demostra-se eficaz na melhora da aptidão funcional em idosas destreinadas.
REFLEXÃO EPILINGUÍSTICA COM ALUNOS DA EJA
Authors: Amorim da Silva Mayara Klenida , Gomes Sílvio Nazareno de Sousa , Ohuschi Márcia Cristina Greco 
Published: October 2024

Resumo: À luz da Linguística Aplicada, a investigação propõe realizar um estudo teórico-prático sobre a prática de análise linguística, no que diz respeito às atividades epilinguísticas, pautada na concepção de linguagem como forma de interação (Geraldi, 2011 [1984]) e nos estudos do dialogismo do Círculo de Bakhtin. Objetivamos compreender a reflexão de recursos da língua, a partir do poema “Tem tudo a ver”, de Elias José, em respostas escritas de alunos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) de uma escola pública de Macapá-AP. Os resultados evidenciam que os autores-enunciadores apresentaram em seus discursos o refletir sobre os valores humanos presentes na materialidade textual-discursiva do gênero, o que constata a contribuição dos aspectos teóricos basilares deste trabalho para os resultados alcançados.
A LEITURA NO PLANO DISCURSIVO DA LINGUAGEM
Authors: Costa Soares Barroso Francinete , Fuza Ângela Francine 
Published: October 2024

Este estudo objetiva compreender como se constitui a produção de sentidos na leitura do poema, por meio da construção autoral da Resposta Argumentativa do sujeito-leitor, no Ensino Médio. Para isso, foram elaborados materiais de leitura, sob os princípios da ordenação e sequenciação, para os sujeitos da pesquisa, alunos da 3ª série, realizando, inicialmente, um estudo diagnóstico, seguido de atividades de intervenção, para a construção efetiva de uma responsividade argumentativa/contrapalavra. O estudo é uma intervenção pedagógica, em Linguística Aplicada, sobre leitura, em perspectiva dialógica da linguagem. A análise dos dados demonstra um trabalho efetivo com as perguntas ordenadas e sequenciadas, a possibilitar ao sujeito-leitor, a construção de uma responsividade ativa-crítica-autoral, uma Resposta Argumentativa, diante da leitura de dizeres explícitos e/ou presumidos.
JOÃO WANDERLEY GERALDI: O PESQUISADOR LINGUISTA, PROFESSOR FORMADOR E SINGULAR LEITOR BRASILEIRO DE BAKHTIN E SEU CÍRCULO DE ESTUDOS
Authors: Giovani Fabiana , Lopes de Camargos Moacir 
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é homenagear João Wanderley Geraldi, o pesquisador linguista, professor formador e singular leitor de Bakhtin e seu Círculo de estudos. Escolhemos falar dos encontros que tivemos com o autor em suas atividades de pesquisa e de ensino ao longo dos anos de militância e, em especial, durante a disciplina Linguística V, cursada na Unicamp no ano de 2005. Das mediações com Geraldi sobre os estudos da linguagem, escolhemos partilhar a nossa compreensão sobre gêneros do discurso – envolvendo a vida e a educação – que se unem em torno desta construção. Por fim, mostramos como este conhecimento nos orienta a manter em diálogo a relação indissociável entre língua e literatura por meio de um poema de Manoel de Barros, poeta que nos foi apresentado também por Geraldi.
A CRIANÇA GORDA NA LITERATURA INFANTIL:
Authors: Dos Santos Jorge Liliane , Paixão Dionysio Júlia Cristina 
Published: October 2024

Este artigo discute como os corpos de crianças gordas são apresentados em quatro livros de literatura infantil. Na análise, de base qualitativa, textos escritos e imagens foram problematizados a partir dos estudos sobre a mediação da leitura literária; corporeidade nas obras literárias e gordofobia. A análise e discussão dos dados indicam a existência de avanços relativos à representação da diversidade humana nos livros infantis, incluindo a representação menos pejorativa da criança gorda. Finalmente, a conclusão indica a necessidade de se formar professores capazes de mediar a leitura literária, buscando a valorização da diversidade humana.
ENTREVISTA COM JOÃO ANZANELLO CARRASCOZA:
Authors: Ferreira Leal Luciana 
Published: October 2024

Trata-se de uma entrevista com João Anzanello Carrascoza, escritor da Literatura Brasileira contemporânea que escreve romances, contos e livros infantis, juvenis e adultos. A entrevista versa sobre o interesse do autor pela literatura infantil e juvenil e sobre as especificidades que particularizam a Literatura infantil e a diferenciam da literatura juvenil e de literatura adulta, assim como o preconceito que circunda a literatura Infantil. A entrevista com o escritor João Anzanello Carrascoza traz reflexões interessantes sobre a literatura infantil e juvenil e a relação do autor com essa área. Carrascoza relata que começou a escrever para crianças quando foi convidado a contar histórias em uma escola infantil. Essa experiência o levou a criar sua primeira obra, "As flores do lado debaixo". É interessante observar como o contato direto com o público infantil pôde influenciar a produção literária, abrindo novas possibilidades criativas.
Supporting digital competency development for vocational education student teachers in distance education
Authors: Deschênes Michelle , Dionne Lucie , Parent Séverine 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionIn Quebec, aspiring vocational education teachers must enroll in a bachelor’s degree program in vocational education. At the Université du Québec à Rimouski, the Bachelor of Vocational Education (BVE) program is offered remotely and asynchronously in a digital learning environment. This project explores what digital competency resources are available to BVE students and the characteristics of the resources that students know, use and deem satisfactory.MethodsThis quantitative descriptive study was carried out in two phases. In the first phases, interviews and a literature search were used to identify the resources, which we analyzed according to the Analytical Framework of Resources Supporting Digital Competency Development and the Digital Competency Framework. In the second phase, 137 students evaluated 36 identified resources through a questionnaire.ResultsThe findings reveal that the resources are not widely known, and even when known, they are infrequently used. However, when used, they are generally deemed satisfactory. Notably, resources are more frequently used when required for assessment in the introductory BVE course. Additionally, workshops are rated more satisfactory than videos.DiscussionThe results underscore the need for program instructors to actively promote these resources and suggest that further research is needed to better understand student needs.
Intake of dietary branched-chain amino acids reduces odds of metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study on the PERSIAN Kavar cohort study
Authors: Shojaei-Zarghani Sara , Fattahi Mohammad Reza , Mansourabadi Zahra , Safarpour Ali Reza 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is identified by the manifestation of a minimum of three out of five metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The present study aimed to assess the association between dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) intakes and MetS, due to available conflicting evidence.MethodsA total of 4,860 individuals who had participated in the baseline phase of the PERSIAN (Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN) Kavar cohort study were included in our study. The daily intake of valine, leucine, and isoleucine were evaluated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary BCAA intake with MetS and its components was evaluated using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe mean intake of BCAA among the included subjects was 7.65 (standard deviation [SD]: 2.92), and the prevalence of MetS was found to be 49.2%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed an inverse association between 1-S.D. increment in dietary valine (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–0.94), leucine (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77–0.93), isoleucine (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76–0.93), and total BCAA (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77–0.93) intake and the odds of MetS. There were also a significant association between BCAA intakes and hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia.ConclusionWe observed a significant inverse association between dietary BCAA intake and MetS, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, regardless of confounding factors.