bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LSTM-Based Workload Recognition for Hydraulic Actuators: A Case Study on Excavator Digging Process
Authors: Helian Bobo , An Xiaofei , Zhou Yong , Chen Zheng , Geimer Marcus 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Hydraulic mobile machines in the construction industry, such as excavators, rely on hydraulic actuators to handle various workloads. A reliable and accurate classification of these workloads is essential for improving the safety and automation level of machine operations. Processing of hydraulic actuator operating data via a deep-learning-based classifier has great potential for time-varying workload recognition. In particular, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks demonstrate strengths in analyzing time-sequential information. In this study, a customized LSTM-based classifier is developed to perceive the uncertain and varying external workload in real-time accurately. Considering the working features of the bucket cylinder, signals including position, velocity, and pressure from both chambers of the hydraulic cylinder actuator are selected as input data for the classifier. An experimental dataset from a hydraulic actuator test bench, reflecting typical workload types of excavator digging processes, is collected. The proposed classifier achieves satisfactory accuracy in recognizing workload types in both training and test cases, demonstrating its practical advantages for excavator digging processes.
Challenges in Elastohydrodynamic Simulations of Radial Ball Piston Pumps
Authors: Leonhartsberger Simon , Manhartsgruber Bernhard 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Radial ball piston pumps use spherical pistons in contradiction to the sliding shoes as utilized by common radial piston pumps. Rolling bearing balls are mass-produced and therefore relatively cheap while nonetheless the diameter lies in a very narrow tolerance field. Downsides to these types of pumps are the very short sealing gap length, the smallest clearance only occurs around the circumference, and the minor stroke, which is limited by the diameter of the ball. A point contact occurs between ball and eccentric shaft, leading to Hertzian pressure and therefore limiting the maximum pump pressure. In order to simulate the dynamic behavior of the ball during a piston stroke one has to take multiple aspects into account: The narrow clearance favors the use of the Reynolds equation to avoid excessive computational costs. The elastic deformation of the housing and the ball calls for an elastohydrodynamic simulation and consequently for an FEA. As the gap widens up and laminar flow possibly transitions to turbulent flow a CFD simulation has to be implemented. Ultimately the relatively high displacement and the rotation of the ball (multiple rotations per stroke) need to be taken into account. In order to accurately model the radial ball piston pumps, it is required to integrate multiple numerical models together. Efficient simulations are necessary in order to fully understand the behavior of radial ball piston pumps and contribute to further improvements of this pump type. This paper evaluates selected commercial software packages in order to determinate the current possibilities for feasible simulations of radial ball piston pumps.
A Compact Electropermanent Magnet Valve Geometry for Switching of Magnetorheological Fluid Using Particle Jamming
Authors: Gallentine James , Kumar Nithin S. , Barth Eric J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Electropermanent magnetic (EPM) valves consist of two permanent magnets, one with high coercivity and one with relatively low coercivity, which are able to rapidly redirect the flux within a magnetic circuit. When combined with magnetorheological (MR) fluid, they provide the ability to rapidly switch flow in a hydraulic circuit on or off. EPM valves contain no moving parts and draw no power except when changing state. These facts, along with their scalability, make them an attractive option for distributed flow control in small hydraulic systems. Current examples of EPM valves are often restricted to relatively low-pressure or low-flow operation. Miniaturization of small-scale hydraulic robots, both soft and rigid, is limited by the availability of sufficiently lightweight, compact, and efficient components which are capable of directing fluid at pressures greater than 700 kPa. This research proposes an EPM valve which leverages the magnetic properties of MR fluid to channel magnetic flux through the fluid.
To evaluate the proposed geometry, an exploratory prototype was constructed and evaluated using a test-bench capable of evaluating the valve as a flow resistance. Simulations were conducted to evaluate the design and validate the use of simulation for future design iteration.
To be of use in robotic systems, this valve needs to be capable of rapidly switching relatively high pressures while maintaining a highly compact and easily manufactured form factor. Due to its size and low power consumption, it is suitable for distributed hydraulic control in miniature systems such as hydraulically-actuated robots, including soft robots.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing
Escherichia coli
isolates causing hospital- and community-acquired infections in Tunisia (2001–2019): expansion of CTX-M-15-C2 and CTX-M-27-C1 ST131 subclades
Authors: Sallem Nesrine , Ben Mansour Noura , Amri Hana , Boudaoura Mohamed , Gargouri Olfa , Mahjoubi Faouzia , Hammami Adnene , Mnif Basma 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing
Escherichia coli
(ESBL-EC) and carbapenemase-producing
E. coli
(CP-EC) is increasing worldwide. We investigated the epidemiology of ESBL-EC and CP-EC causing hospital-acquired (HA) infections in a large teaching hospital in Tunisia over the last two decades and compared it with a collection of 107 community-acquired (CA) ESBL-EC isolates. Between 2001 and 2019, the incidence of HA ESBL-EC increased significantly from 0.08 to 0.32 cases per 1,000 patient days, due entirely to the rapid emergence and expansion of ST131, which accounted for 42.3% (157/371) of HA ESBL-EC. Most ESBL-EC harbored the CTX-M type (92%) with a predominance of blaCTX-M-15. The C2/H30-Rx subclone (
n
= 103, 65.6%) accounted for 90% of ST131 isolates between 2003 and 2012 and was exclusively associated with CTX-M-15, whereas cluster C1-M27, which was associated with CTX-M-27, emerged in 2013 and expanded gradually to 55% of ST131 in 2019. ST131 prevalence was higher among CA ESBL-EC than HA ESBL-EC (63.6% vs. 42.3%,
P
= 0.002). CA C2 subclone and non-ST131 isolates showed higher virulence scores than HA isolates. The incidence of CP-EC remained stable over the study period with a mean of 0.08 cases per 1,000 patient days. Among the 38 identified CP-EC isolates, only 16.2% belonged to the ST131 clone and 81.5% produced OXA-48-like carbapenemases. ST131 is the major driver of ESBL-EC spread in both hospital and community settings in Tunisia, mainly linked to the expansion of the CTX-M-15-C2 and CTX-M-27-C1 subclades. The emergence of CP-EC requires ongoing genomic surveillance.

IMPORTANCE

We aimed to investigate the microbiological features of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing
Escherichia coli
(ESBL-EC) and carbapenemase-producing
E. coli
(CP-EC) causing hospital- and community-acquired infections in Tunisia over the last two decades. The study captured the emergence and expansion of the CTX-M-15-C2 ST131 subclade and successively the CTX-M-27-C1 ST131 subclade, which were responsible for the steady increase in the prevalence of ESBL-EC. However, the incidence of CP-EC remained stable over the study period with a highly diverse content in carbapenemase genes dominated by blaOXA-48-like. This is the first study to provide comprehensive data on the epidemiology of ESBL-EC and CP-EC in a North African country.
Interstellar Scintillations of Sources B0821+394 and B1812+412 as Observed by the LPA LPI Radio Telescope
Authors: Tyul’bashev S. A. , Chashei I. V. , Grishanova I. A. , Tyul’basheva G. E. , Subaev I. A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The search for long-term variability of compact components of radio sources B0821+394 and B1812+412 over an interval of ten years was carried out. The LPA LPI radio telescope with an operating frequency of 111 MHz was used for observations. According to our estimates, the characteristic time of variability for both sources is 1.5–2.5 years. It is shown that the observed variability is not related to intrinsic variations in the radiation flux, but is due to refractive scintillation on inhomogeneities of the interstellar medium. From the obtained upper estimates of the apparent angular dimensions of the sources, it follows that the main contribution to the scattering of radio emission is made by turbulent plasma concentrated in sufficiently thin screens, the distance to which does not exceed 300–400 pc.
Randomized comparison between ultrasound-guided proximal and distal approaches of intercostobrachial nerve block as an adjunct to supraclavicular brachial plexus block for upper arm arteriovenous access procedures
Authors: Samerchua Artid , Supphapipat Kittitorn , Leurcharusmee Prangmalee , Lapisatepun Panuwat , Thammasupapong Pornpailin , Lorsomradee Sratwadee 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundsUltrasound-guided proximal and distal approaches of the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) blocks facilitate analgesia for upper arm and axillary surgery, though success rates vary and lack clinical comparison. This study compared their anesthetic and analgesic efficacy as an adjunct to the supraclavicular brachial plexus block for upper arm arteriovenous access surgery.Methods60 end-stage renal disease patients undergoing upper arm arteriovenous access were randomly assigned to receive either proximal or distal ICBN block using 10 mL of a mixture of levobupivacaine and lidocaine with epinephrine. The primary outcome was a successful ICBN block, defined as a cutaneous sensory blockade at both the medial upper arm and axilla 30 min after the block. Secondary outcomes included block performance, block-related complications, rate of surgical anesthesia, and postoperative analgesia.ResultsThe proximal approach had a higher percentage of sensory blockade at the axilla (96.7% vs 73.3%, p=0.03), but comparable rates at the medial upper arm (96.7% vs 96.7%, p=1.00). Consequently, the proximal approach had a higher overall success rate (96.7% vs 73.3%, difference: 23.3%; 95% CI: 6.3%, 40.4%; p=0.03). Both groups had similar surgical anesthesia rates of 93.3%. No significant differences were found in performance time, procedural pain, or postoperative pain intensity.ConclusionsProximal ICBN block consistently reduced sensation in the medial upper arm and axilla, while one-quarter of distal blocks spared the axilla. Both approaches, in combination with a supraclavicular brachial plexus block, were effective for upper arm arteriovenous access procedures. However, the proximal approach may be preferable for axillary surgery.Trial registration numberTCTR20200730006.
Efficacy and safety of filgotinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: week 156 interim results from a long-term extension study
Authors: Buch Maya H , Aletaha Daniel , Combe Bernard G , Tanaka Yoshiya , Caporali Roberto , Schulze-Koops Hendrik , Takeuchi Tsutomu , Gottenberg Jacques-Eric , Blanco Ricardo , Verschueren Patrick , Zubrzycka-Sienkiewicz Anna , De Leonardis Francesco , Ekoka Omoruyi Edmund V , Rajendran Vijay , Emery Paul 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundJanus kinase inhibitors are an effective option for achieving sustained remission or low disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) following inadequate response to conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Filgotinib is a Janus kinase 1–preferential inhibitor available in two doses for moderate-to-severe RA. We report the long-term efficacy and safety of filgotinib.MethodsIn the ongoing long-term extension study FINCH 4 (NCT03025308), patients continue filgotinib 200 mg or 100 mg from FINCH 1, 2 or 3 or receive filgotinib 200 mg or 100 mg de novo. Efficacy assessments up to week 156 include American College of Rheumatology 20% response (ACR20), Disease Activity Score 28 using C-reactive protein of <2.6, Clinical Disease Activity Index of ≤2.8, Simplified Disease Activity Index of ≤3.3 and Boolean remission (1.0 and 2.0) with non-responder imputation.ResultsIn patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate, 60.2% and 54.6% receiving de novo filgotinib 200 mg and 100 mg had an ACR20 at week 156, respectively, as did 67.3% and 59.5% of those who continued filgotinib 200 mg and 100 mg. At week 156, Boolean remission 1.0 was achieved by 18.8% and 15.4% of patients treated with de novo filgotinib 200 mg and 100 mg, respectively, and by 21.1% and 18.5% when Boolean 2.0 criteria were applied. Similar efficacy data were seen in patients from FINCH 2 and 3. Safety data were consistent with the known safety profile of filgotinib.ConclusionIn FINCH 4, filgotinib 200 mg and 100 mg (continuous or de novo) demonstrated sustained efficacy up to week 156 in patients enrolled from FINCH 1, 2 or 3, with no unexpected safety results.
Association of food insecurity with the use of tobacco products and urine cotinine-measured smoking intensity: evidence from a population-based study in South Korea, 2019–2021
Authors: Baek Seong-Uk , Lee Yu-Min , Won Jong-Uk , Yoon Jin-Ha 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThis study explored the association between food insecurity and tobacco product use and urine cotinine-measured smoking intensity.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 13 705 adults representative of the Korean population. The 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module was administered to the primary food managers in households with the scores applied to household members. The use of three tobacco products—combustible cigarettes, heated tobacco products and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes)—was assessed. Based on the urine cotinine level, the smoking status of each participant was classified into one of three groups: non-smoker, low-intensity smoker and high-intensity smoker. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between food insecurity and tobacco product use and urine cotinine-measured smoking intensity. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated.ResultsAmong the survey participants, 3.2% had mild food insecurity and 0.7% had moderate-to-severe food insecurity. Those with mild food insecurity (23.5%, OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.89) and those with moderate-to-severe food insecurity (45.1%, OR: 3.36, 95% CI: 1.87 to 6.03) compared with those with non-food insecurity (18.4%) were positively associated with combustible cigarette use. Those with moderate-to-severe food insecurity was positively associated with e-cigarette use (5.5%, OR: 3.49, 95% CI: 1.31 to 9.28). Compared with those with non-food security (7.9%), those with mild food insecurity (14.3%, OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.09 to 2.38) and moderate-to-severe food insecurity (22.1%, OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.04 to 4.86) were associated with high-intensity smoking.ConclusionFood insecurity is associated with both combustible and e-cigarette use. Those with food insecurity are associated with engagement in high-intensity smoking.
XY factorization bias in luminosity measurements
Authors: Fehérkuti Anna , Major Péter , Pásztor Gabriella 
Published: October 2024

For most high-precision experiments in particle physics, it is essential to know the luminosity at highest accuracy. The luminosity is determined by the convolution of particle densities of the colliding beams. In special van der Meer transverse beam separation scans, the convolution function is sampled along the horizontal and vertical axes with the purpose of determining the beam convolution and getting an absolute luminosity calibration. For this purpose, the van der Meer data of luminometer rates are separately fitted in the two directions with analytic functions giving the best description. With the assumption that the 2D convolution shape is factorizable, one can calculate it from the two 1D fits. The task of XY factorization analyses is to check this assumption and give a quantitative measure of the effect of nonfactorizability on the calibration constant to improve the accuracy of luminosity measurements. We perform a dedicated analysis to study XY nonfactorization on proton–proton data collected in 2022 at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV by the CMS experiment [The CMS Collab., Luminosity measurement in proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV in 2022 at CMS (2024). A detailed examination of the shape of the bunch convolution function is presented, studying various biases, and choosing the best-fit analytic 2D functions to finally obtain the correction and its uncertainty.
Simulation of Complex Flow with a Hovering Dragonfly by Multi-Direct Forcing Immersed Boundary Method
Authors: Han Dongli , Shi Xing , Zheng Yao 
Published: October 2024

The aerodynamic mechanisms of flapping-wing flyers are inherently complex due to rapid wing movements and intricate vortex dynamics. This study introduces an immersed boundary method enhanced with a prediction–correction multi-direct forcing scheme and a smoothed discrete delta function, using the open-source toolbox OpenFOAM version 7. This approach models the interaction between fluids and moving rigid boundaries by adding a volume force source term to the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. The multi-direct forcing scheme ensures the boundaries adhere more accurately to the no-slip boundary condition, and the smoothing technique for the discrete delta function suppresses nonphysical oscillations in the volume force. Unlike most common insects, dragonflies have two pairs of wings in tandem, and interactions between their forewings and hindwings play a crucial role in aerodynamic performance. This study simulates and compares single-wing hovering without interaction and tandem-wing hovering with interaction, finding that interaction reduces vertical forces on the forewings and hindwings by 14% and 16%, respectively. These effects are primarily due to interactions among the vortex structures of the tandem wings, which alter pressure distributions on the wing surfaces and the flow field near the wings. In hover mode, the average vertical force equals the dragonfly’s weight, and the average thrust force is nearly zero. This study reveals the flow characteristics of dragonfly flapping wings, providing a theoretical basis for designing flapping-wing robots.
An Efficient Hybrid STO-MFDNN Approach for Induction Effect in Nanoparticle with Magneto-Convective Nanofluid Boundary Layer Flow
Authors: Beschi Selvan S. L. , Godwin Pithalis N. E. , Singh R. Leo Bright , Merinto P. Anto Paulin 
Published: October 2024

The accurate synthesis of bespoke design requires complicated chemical reactions and high temperature conditions in modern nanomaterial coating techniques. These flow processes are quite complicated, involving not just viscous behavior but also mass and heat transport. Magnetic nanoparticles are utilized by nanocoatings, which are under manipulation by external magnetic fields. Mathematical models offer a low-cost window into the fundamental properties of these coating dynamics processes. This paper proposes a hybrid approach for induction effect in nanoparticle with magneto-convective nanofluid boundary layer. The hybrid technique that is being proposed involves the simultaneous application of Siberian Tiger Optimization (STO) and Multi-Fidelity Deep Neural Network (MFDNN). Hence, it is named as STO-MFDNN technique. The primary goal of this proposed method is to enhance nanoparticle solid volume fraction and minimize error during validation. The proposed technique — STO approach is utilized to optimize the process parameter and the MFDNN approach is utilized to accurately predict the nanoparticle behavior. By then, the MATLAB platform has the proposed approach implemented, and the present method is used to calculate the execution. The proposed technique displays superior outcomes in all existing systems like Wild Horse Optimizer (WHO), Fertile Field Algorithm (FFA) Seagull Optimization Algorithm (SOA). The existing technique displays the errors of 0.24%, 0.21%, 0.18% and the proposed technique displays an error of 0.15% concluding low error when compared to the existing approach.
Conceptual Analysis of Family Support in the Context of Tuberculosis: Developing a Theoretical Definition
Authors: Pinargote-Chancay Rosa del Rocío , Rojas‐Reyes Jennifer , Fuentes-Ramírez Alejandra 
Published: October 2024

Background: Family support in patients with tuberculosis (TB) in a concept that does not have definition and attributes that clarify the evolution of the concept, its usefulness, and practicality in the context of science.Objective: To clarify the progress of the concept of family support in patients with TB in the nursing area through the concept analysis technique.Data Source: We searched the databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Ovid Nursing, and Scopus. The keywords used were “family support,” “tuberculosis,” and “nursing” combined with the Boolean operator “AND” as follows: ((family support) AND (tuberculosis)) AND (nursing).Method of Revision: The method of concept analysis proposed by Hupcey and Morse was used, which consists of four principles: epistemological, linguistic, logical, and pragmatic.Results and Discussion: Epistemologically, it was established that family support offers a positive influence that facilitates and strengthens interrelationships with the other; linguistically, it was found that its definition as support and trust is consistent with the literature; logically, it was determined that there are theories that address family support and family interrelationships as a priority source for treatment; and in the pragmatic, the maturity of the concept is not declared, but the presence of empirical indicators that validate the attributes in science is declared.Conclusion: The use of the methodology contributed to the identification of the attributes of the concept and some definitions, instruments, and usefulness in different disciplines.
Anlotinib plus TQB2450, a PD-L1 Antibody, in Patients with Advanced Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma: A Single-Arm, Phase II Trial
Authors: Tan Zhichao , Wu Yan , Fan Zhengfu , Gao Tian , Guo Wei , Bai Chujie , Xue Ruifeng , Li Shu , Zhang Lu , Wang Xinyu , Jia Ling , Liu Jiayong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is an ultrarare soft-tissue sarcoma with a high rate of metastasis and no established treatment. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of anlotinib (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and TQB2450 (a PD-L1 inhibitor) in patients with ASPS.

Patients and Methods:
This single-arm, phase II study evaluated the efficacy of TQB2450, an anti–PD-L1 agent, combined with anlotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in adults with advanced ASPS. TQB2450 was given intravenously (1,200 mg) on day 1, and anlotinib (12 mg/day) was taken orally from day 1 to 14 every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall response rate, with secondary endpoints including duration of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Lymphocyte infiltration and tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) were also analyzed as potential prognostic biomarkers.

Results:
The study enrolled 29 patients, of whom 28 were evaluable (one withdrew because of acute pancreatitis). An objective response was achieved in 82.1% of patients, including 4 complete and 19 partial responses. The median time to response was 2.8 months, and the duration of response was not reached, with an estimated median progression-free survival of 35.2 months. Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 44.8% of patients, with no study-related deaths. Responders had a higher proportion of TLS area, TLS density, and CD20-positive immune cells.

Conclusions:
The combination of anlotinib and TQB2450 is effective and tolerable in patients with ASPS. TLS may serve as a prognostic biomarker, meriting further investigation.