bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetic ketoacidosis inducing myocardial infarction secondary to treatment with dapagliflozin: a case report
Authors: Gil‐Perdomo José M. , Fariña González Tomás F. , Jordán‐Arias Benjamín , Domingo‐Marín Sara , González Armengol Juan J. , Martínez‐Sagasti Fernando 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageSodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are able to provoke diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) with absence or low levels of ketone bodies in urine and slightly elevated blood glucose levels, which could delay the diagnosis; however, the presence of high urine output, due to the excretion of glucose, can help to identify the true cause.
Amino‐Acid‐Derived Naphthalenediimides as Versatile G‐Quadruplex Binders
Authors: Răsădean Dora M. , Sheng Bin , Dash Jyotirmayee , Pantoş G. Dan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe design and synthesis of water soluble, amino‐acid‐functionalised naphthalenediimides (NDIs) as potential ligands of native G‐quadruplexes is reported. The NDIs were tested on a panel of oncogene promoters, on the human telomeric sequence h‐telo, and on double‐stranded DNA. Out of the ligands tested, NDI 3 (Nϵ‐Boc‐l‐lysine NDI) exhibited a highly discriminating nature by only stabilising the oncogene promoter c‐kit2, which is up‐regulated up to 80 % in ovarian, gastrointestinal, and breast malignancies.
Double Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Linear β,β‐Disubstituted α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones into γ‐Substituted Secondary Alcohols using a Dual Catalytic System
Authors: Arai Noriyoshi , Satoh Hironori , Komatsu Ryo , Ohkuma Takeshi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDouble asymmetric hydrogenation of linear β,β‐disubstituted α,β‐unsaturated ketones catalyzed by the DM‐SEGPHOS/DMAPEN/RuII complex with t‐C4H9OK afforded the γ‐substituted secondary alcohols in high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities. Some mechanistic experiments suggested that two different reactive species, type (I) and (II), were reversibly formed in this catalytic system: Type (I) with the diamine ligand DMAPEN enantioselectively hydrogenated the enones into the chiral allylic alcohols, and type (II) without the diamine ligand diastereoselectively hydrogenated the allylic alcohols into the γ‐substituted secondary alcohols. This dual catalysis protocol was successfully applied to the reaction of a variety of aliphatic‐ and aromatic‐substituted enone substrates.
Charged Metalloporphyrin Polymers for Cooperative Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from CO2 under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Chen Yaju , Luo Rongchang , Xu Qihang , Jiang Jun , Zhou Xiantai , Ji Hongbing 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA facile and one‐pot synthesis of metalloporphyrin‐based ionic porous organic polymers (M‐iPOPs) was performed through a typical Yamamoto–Ullmann coupling reaction for the first time. We used various characterization techniques to demonstrate that these strongly polar Al‐based materials (Al‐iPOP) possessed a relatively uniform microporosity, good swellable features, and a good CO2 capture capacity. If we consider the particular physicochemical properties, heterogeneous Al‐iPOP, which bears both a metal active center and halogen anion, acted as a bifunctional catalyst for the solvent‐ and additive‐free synthesis of cyclic carbonates from various epoxides and CO2 with an excellent activity and good recyclability under mild conditions. Interestingly, these CO2‐philic materials could catalyze the cycloaddition reaction smoothly by using simulated flue gas (15 % CO2 in N2, v/v) as a raw material, which indicates that a stable local microenvironment and polymer swellability might promote the transformation. Thus, the introduction of polar ionic liquid units into metalloporphyrin‐based porous materials is regarded as a promising new strategy for the chemical conversion of CO2.
Basement wall under earth pressure loading with low surcharge
Authors: Erler Maik , Jäger Wolfram , Kranzler Thomas 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe structural verification of basement walls under earth pressure loading with low surcharge is often a difficult part of the everyday work of engineers. This situation is often encountered for basement walls under terrace doors, stair flights, masonry light wells etc., where the theoretically necessary surcharge loading is lacking. In this case, it is possible to transfer the acting forces from earth pressure with an arch model. One constructively possible measure to resist the resulting arch thrust is the provision of a sufficiently stiff reinforced concrete beam at the head of the basement wall. The article explains the verification of this method according to current standards.
Buckling of masonry walls – A new proposal for the Eurocode 6
Authors: Bakeer Tammam , Christiansen Poul Dupont 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe buckling of masonry wall depends on the deformation behaviour and can be described with the modulus of elasticity depending on masonry strength. The reduction factor solution considering buckling is described by the Gaussian bell‐shaped curve in Eurocode 6, Part 1‐1 Annex G and was calibrated for masonry with a modulus of elasticity between 700 and 1000 fk, which describes the masonry currently used in most European countries. In case of historic masonry or where deformability is needed in new construction, the modulus of elasticity can actually be lower. In those cases the approximation procedure according to Annex G of the Eurocode 6 delivers results which do not represent the real behaviour and leads to uneconomical results. The present paper proposes a new empirical method, which can be applied over the whole practical range of the elastic modulus of masonry. The new proposed method has been verified with experimental data and shows a very good fit.
Sustainable building for the future: Contemporary clay masonry – Resource‐saving building
Authors: Hartmann Raik , Jäger Wolfram 
Published: April 2017

AbstractClay as a building material has a long tradition in Europe, largely losing its importance with industrialisation. Since the 1980s, clay building activity has steadily increased. Standard guidelines (Lehmbau‐Regeln) introduced in the 1990s, however, appear to be rather too cautious when examined in the light of current research findings on the load bearing capabilities of clay walls. Based on the evidence of historic clay buildings, on structural engineering calculations and building physics – the authors' research supports the assumption that masonry with modern unfired clay bricks has a much higher performance potential than previously assumed, which applies particularly to its sustainability. The biggest apprehension relates to the water‐sensitivity of this building material with regard to structural soundness. This can be countered however with the appropriate construction principles.
Hit pause: Developmental arrest in annual killifishes and their close relatives
Authors: Martin Karen L.M. , Podrabsky Jason E. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractKillifishes survive and persist in extreme environments by exploiting both aquatic and terrestrial habitats for egg deposition, and by adjusting the length of development to match availability of water to support larval growth and maturation. Annual killifishes persist in ephemeral bodies of water through the production of drought‐tolerant embryos. Survival of the environmental stresses associated with their highly variable and seasonal habitat is supported by their ability to enter into at least two states of metabolic and developmental dormancy, diapause or quiescence. There are three stages of diapause in annual killifishes, one occurring prior to gastrulation, one about midway through development, and one in late pre‐hatching embryos. Quiescence may occur at any developmental stage. In addition, delayed hatching is known to occur in close relatives of the annual killifishes, and may be superficially confused with pre‐hatching diapause. These types of developmental delay are induced by different cues and serve different purposes in the life history of the species. Thus, it is likely that the molecular mechanisms that induce dormancy and support survival are unique in each case. It is imperative that we properly define these forms of developmental dormancy in our studies in order to put our results into the proper ecological and evolutionary context. Here the unique characteristics of these distinct categories of developmental delay are reviewed. Developmental Dynamics 246:858–866, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Executive functions in adolescents with binge‐eating disorder and obesity
Authors: Kittel Rebekka , Schmidt Ricarda , Hilbert Anja 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveBinge‐eating disorder (BED) in adults is associated with alterations in executive functions (EF) and obesity. Much less is known about these relationships in adolescents, including whether poor EF are associated with eating disorder psychopathology and/or elevated body mass index. This study examined EF in response to neutral stimuli in youth with BED.MethodAdolescents with BED and obesity (n = 22), individually matched adolescents with obesity (n = 22), and normal weight (n = 22) completed neuropsychological tests targeting inhibition (Color‐Word Interference Test), sustained attention (D2 Concentration Endurance Test), cognitive flexibility (Comprehensive Trail Making Test), and decision‐making (Iowa Gambling Task).ResultsAdolescents with BED and obesity displayed significantly poorer inhibitory control compared to normal‐weight adolescents. This effect persisted after controlling for the level of secondary education. However, initial differences between adolescents with obesity and normal‐weight controls regarding inhibitory control and sustained attention vanished after controlling for education. The three groups did not differ regarding cognitive flexibility and decision‐making. Moreover, adolescents with BED and obesity did not perform worse than adolescents with obesity on any of the neuropsychological tests.DiscussionOverall, our results indicate that adolescent BED is associated with only a few alterations in general EF, specifically inhibitory control, and underline BED and educational level as confounding factors in neuropsychological research on obesity. To further delineate EF profiles of adolescents with BED, future research should focus on EF in response to disorder‐related stimuli and experimental settings with high ecological validity.
Exploitation promotes earlier sex change in a protandrous patellid limpet, Patella aspera Röding, 1798
Authors: Martins Gustavo M. , Borges Carla D. G. , Vale Maria , Ribeiro Pedro A. , Ferraz Rogério R. , Martins Helen R. , Santos Ricardo S. , Hawkins Stephen J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractExploitation of organisms can prompt the reduction in the number and size of target populations consequently affecting reproductive output and replenishment. Here, we investigated the effects of exploitation on the population structure of a protandrous patellid limpet, Patella aspera, an overexploited Macaronesian endemic. Timed dives were used to collect animals across eleven islands of Macaronesia. Individuals were inspected for sex, size, and gonad stage. Using catch effort (time per person) per island coastal perimeter as a surrogate for exploitation intensity, we found that limpet abundance (CPUE) and mean size tended to decrease with exploitation intensity. When considering the sex of animals separately, the size of the largest male, but not females, decreased with exploitation. In contrast, the size of the smallest male remained relatively consistent, whereas the size of the smallest female decreased significantly with exploitation. As exploitation is mostly targeting larger individuals, results suggest that males are compensating the removal of larger females, by undergoing sex change at smaller and presumably earlier sizes. These results have wider implications for the conservation of P. aspera, as a reduction in female size will likely affect the numbers of oocytes produced, hence fecundity. Regulations promoting the protection of the larger‐sized animals should be enforced to safeguard the replenishment of the population.
Posttranscriptional Interaction Between miR‐450a‐5p and miR‐28‐5p and STAT1 mRNA Triggers Osteoblastic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Dernowsek Janaína A. , Pereira Milena C. , Fornari Thaís A. , Macedo Claudia , Assis Amanda F. , Donate Paula B. , Bombonato‐Prado Karina F. , Passos‐Bueno Maria Rita , Passos Geraldo A. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTWe demonstrate that the interaction between miR‐450a‐5p and miR‐28‐5p and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) mRNA correlates with the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (shed cells). STAT1 negatively regulates runx‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), which is an essential transcription factor in this process. However, the elements that trigger osteoblastic differentiation and therefore pause the inhibitory effect of STAT1 need investigation. Usually, STAT1 can be posttranscriptionally regulated by miRNAs. To test this, we used an in vitro model system in which shed cells were chemically induced toward osteoblastic differentiation and temporally analyzed, comparing undifferentiated cells with their counterparts in the early (2 days) or late (7 or 21 days) periods of induction. The definition of the entire functional genome expression signature demonstrated that the transcriptional activity of a large set of mRNAs and miRNAs changes during this process. Interestingly, STAT1 and RUNX2 mRNAs feature contrasting expression levels during the course of differentiation. While undifferentiated or early differentiating cells express high levels of STAT1 mRNA, which was gradually downregulated, RUNX2 mRNA was upregulated toward differentiation. The reconstruction of miRNA‐mRNA interaction networks allowed the identification of six miRNAs (miR‐17‐3p, miR‐28‐5p, miR‐29b, miR‐29c‐5p, miR‐145‐3p, and miR‐450a‐5p), and we predicted their respective targets, from which we focused on miR‐450a‐5p and miR‐28‐5p STAT1 mRNA interactions, whose intracellular occurrence was validated through the luciferase assay. Transfections of undifferentiated shed cells with miR‐450a‐5p or miR‐28‐5p mimics or with miR‐450a‐5p or miR‐28‐5p antagonists demonstrated that these miRNAs might play a role as posttranscriptional controllers of STAT1 mRNA during osteoblastic differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4045–4062, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Laparoscopy‐specific ventral approach in laparoscopic hemihepatectomy
Authors: Kim Ji Hoon 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe laparoscopic caudal approach is very different from the open ventral approach, specifically with respect to the surgical view, which is completely different and is the underlying reason for why laparoscopic hepatectomy is technically challenging. We have introduced a new laparoscopy‐specific ventral approach in laparoscopic hemihepatectomy.MethodsThe liver was transected from the ventral side to the dorsal side, via a flexible laparoscope, as in open liver resection. The key characteristic of the ventral approach is the early opening of the cranial part, which guides the accurate transection and maintains an open cutting plane. The middle hepatic vein is exposed from the root side toward the periphery.ResultsFrom March to December 2016, this technique was performed on 12 patients. Of these patients, five underwent right hepatectomy, five underwent left hepatectomy, and two underwent extended left hepatectomy that included the middle hepatic vein. The median operative time was 250 min (range 210‐350 min), and the median blood loss was 165 mL (range 100‐260 mL). There was no postoperative morbidity or mortality. The median postoperative hospital stay was 8 days (range 5‐14 days).ConclusionThis ventral approach may be an effective and feasible technique for laparoscopic hemihepatectomy.
Potential therapeutic applications for emu oil
Authors: Mashtoub Suzanne 
Published: April 2017

SummaryEmu oil is a rich source of fatty acids extracted from the subcutaneous and retroperitoneal fat of the Emu (a flightless bird native to Australia). Indigenous Australian people first used emu oil for its healing and pain‐alleviation properties. Currently, emu oil is commercially available for topical and oral administration, marketed as an anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant formulation with reparative properties. A limited number of clinical trials have shown indications of efficacy for topically‐applied emu oil. More recently, well‐controlled pre‐clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of orally‐administered emu oil in inflammatory intestinal disorders. Consequently, emu oil could form an adjunct to conventional treatment approaches for disorders affecting the gastrointestinal system.
The predictive value of ePAQ in the urodynamic diagnoses—A prospective cohort study
Authors: McCooty Shanteela , Nightingale Peter , Latthe Pallavi 
Published: April 2017

AimsTo assess whether the electronic Personal Assessment Questionnaire‐Pelvic Floor (ePAQ‐PF) had accuracy in predicting the urodynamic diagnoses of Detrusor Overactivity (DO) and/or Urodynamic Stress Incontinence (USI).MethodsTertiary urogynaecology unit linked to an academic university teaching hospital. Consecutive women who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and were booked to have urodynamic studies. Women completed an ePAQ‐PF prior to having urodynamics (UDS) by clinicians who were blinded to the ePAQ‐PF results while conducting this procedure. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves were constructed for predictive accuracy of overactive bladder (OAB) score in DO and of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) score in USI. Prospective cohort study designed to meet the requirements of the standards for reporting of diagnostic accuracy (STARD).Results390 women with a mean age of 54.2 (range 21‐92) years were recruited. The majority (n = 294; 75%) were White Caucasian and had two children (n = 157; 40.3%). Of them, 67.2% (n = 262) had DO and USI was confirmed in 21.5% (n = 84). The area under the ROC curve for DO was 0.704 (95% confidence interval 0.650‐0.759) and for USI it was 0.731 (95% confidence interval 0.652‐0.778).ConclusionsThe OAB and SUI scores on the ePAQ‐PF demonstrated that they are fair predictors in diagnosing DO and USI. As the OAB and SUI score on ePAQ‐PF increased so did the likelihood of DO (up to a score of 75) and USI on UDS.
Impact of clean intermittent catheterization on quality adjusted life years (QALYs) in spinal cord injury patients with neurogenic urinary incontinence
Authors: Svihra Jan , Krhut Jan , Zachoval Roman , Svihrova Viera , Luptak Jan 
Published: April 2017

AimsThe impact of clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) on quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained in adults’ spinal cord injury population with neurogenic urinary incontinence (UI).MethodsPatients were recruited from the national registry January‐June 2014. The inclusion criteria were adults, neurogenic UI due to spinal cord injury (SCI), use of collection devices and CIC for more than 6 months. The exclusion criteria were inability to perform CIC, cancer of the lower urinary tract and fistulas formation. Measurement tools were the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ‐UI SF) and an estimation of life expectancy by the national registry. The calculation of the weighting factor (WF) was obtained by linear transformation of the ICIQ‐UI SF total score. A score was transformed to the range from 0 (worst impact) to 1 (no impact). The QALYs was calculated as the weighting factor × life expectancy in years.ResultsA total of 229/365 patients were involved in this study (63%). Patients before CIC reached an ICIQ mean score of 14.83, WF of 0.29, and QALYs of 9.02 during life expectancy. After 6 months of follow‐up using CIC, ICIQ reached 9.12, WF 0.57 and QALYs 17.45. The number of QALYs increased by 93.5% and UI evaluated with the ICIQ‐UI SF decreased by 38.5% (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe CIC of the urinary bladder statistically significantly increased the number of QALYs and reduced the degree of UI in SCI patients.
A geometric projection method for designing three‐dimensional open lattices with inverse homogenization
Authors: Watts Seth , Tortorelli Daniel A. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryTopology optimization is a methodology for assigning material or void to each point in a design domain in a way that extremizes some objective function, such as the compliance of a structure under given loads, subject to various imposed constraints, such as an upper bound on the mass of the structure. Geometry projection is a means to parameterize the topology optimization problem, by describing the design in a way that is independent of the mesh used for analysis of the design's performance; it results in many fewer design parameters, necessarily resolves the ill‐posed nature of the topology optimization problem, and provides sharp descriptions of the material interfaces. We extend previous geometric projection work to 3 dimensions and design unit cells for lattice materials using inverse homogenization. We perform a sensitivity analysis of the geometric projection and show it has smooth derivatives, making it suitable for use with gradient‐based optimization algorithms. The technique is demonstrated by designing unit cells comprised of a single constituent material plus void space to obtain light, stiff materials with cubic and isotropic material symmetry. We also design a single‐constituent isotropic material with negative Poisson's ratio and a light, stiff material comprised of 2 constituent solids plus void space.
The Discontinuity‐Enriched Finite Element Method
Authors: Aragón Alejandro M. , Simone Angelo 
Published: April 2017

SummaryWe introduce a new methodology for modeling problems with both weak and strong discontinuities independently of the finite element discretization. At variance with the eXtended/Generalized Finite Element Method (X/GFEM), the new method, named the Discontinuity‐Enriched Finite Element Method (DE‐FEM), adds enriched degrees of freedom only to nodes created at the intersection between a discontinuity and edges of elements in the mesh. Although general, the method is demonstrated in the context of fracture mechanics, and its versatility is illustrated with a set of traction‐free and cohesive crack examples. We show that DE‐FEM recovers the same rate of convergence as the standard FEM with matching meshes, and we also compare the new approach to X/GFEM.
Heterobifunctional Dyes: Highly Fluorescent Linkers Based on Cyanine Dyes
Authors: Wycisk Virginia , Achazi Katharina , Hirsch Ole , Kuehne Christian , Dernedde Jens , Haag Rainer , Licha Kai 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHerein, we present a new synthetic route to cyanine‐based heterobifunctional dyes and their application as fluorescent linkers between polymers and biomolecules. The synthesized compounds, designed in the visible spectral range, are equipped with two different reactive groups for highly selective conjugation under physiological conditions. By applying indolenine precursors with functionalized benzenes, we achieved water‐soluble asymmetric cyanine dyes bearing maleimido and N‐hydroxysuccinimidyl functionalities in a three‐step synthesis. Spectroscopic characterization revealed good molar absorption coefficients and moderate fluorescence quantum yields. Further reaction with polyethylene glycol yielded dye–polymer conjugates that were subsequently coupled to the antibody cetuximab, often applied in cancer therapy. Successful coupling was confirmed by mass shifts detected by gel electrophoresis. Receptor‐binding studies and live‐cell imaging revealed that labeling did not alter the biological function. In sum, we provided a successful synthetic pathway to rigid heterobifunctional cyanine dyes that are applicable as fluorescent linkers, for example, for connecting antibodies with macromolecules. Our approach contributes to the field of bioconjugation chemistry, such as antibody–drug conjugates by combining diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.