bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Karyotype Description for Acanthognathus rudis Brown & Kempf, 1969 (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) with Notes on Its Natural History
Authors: Jacintho Gabriela de Figueiredo , Vieira Eduarda Melo de Abreu , Teixeira Gisele Amaro , Lopes Denilce Meneses , Serrão José Eduardo 
Published: September 2024

The trap-jaw ant Acanthognathus Mayr (Myrmicinae: Dacetina) has been subject of various studies since 1969, but there has been no progress in its cytogenetics. This study describes provides the first karyotype description of a representative of the genus, A. rudis, including chromosomal number, morphology, and the distribution of repetitive sequences. A colony collected in Southeastern Brazil exhibited a diploid number of 2n = 14 (12 metacentrics + 2 submetacentrics), the lowest number among the Daceton genus-group and the first Neotropical representative of this group to be karyologically studied. The rDNA clusters were located in the pericentromeric region of a single chromosome pair, (GA)n blocks were present only in the terminal regions of both chromosome arms in the euchromatic regions, and (TTAGG)n hybridized with the telomeres of all chromosomes, without interstitial telomeric sites. The repetitive sequence patterns align with those observed in other Neotropical Formicidae. Additionally, we documented new behavioral aspects of mandible use in A. rudis workers and provided the first images of its immature stages. These findings emphasize the need for further research on Acanthognathus and the other Daceton genus-group.
Preliminary Reliability and Validity of the Self-Determination Inventory: Student Report French Translation
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Gerasimova Daria , Lachapelle Yves , Lussier-Desrochers Dany , Hagiwara Mayumi , Petitpierre Geneviève , Fontana-Lana Barbara , Piazza Filippo , Courbois Yannick , Desbiens Agnès , Haelewyck Marie-Claire , Geurts Hélène , Pace Jesse R. , Hicks Tyler 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
There is a strong and growing focus on self-determination in French-speaking countries, and this pilot study reports the technical adequacy of the Self-Determination Inventory: Student Report (SDI:SR) French Translation. Data were collected with 471 French-speaking youth with and without disabilities in Canada (Quebec), Switzerland, France, and Belgium. Key findings showed it was feasible to use 20 (of 21) items to represent the self-determination construct in the French-speaking sample. The same set of items function in the same way across students with and without disabilities, and students with disabilities descriptively scored lower. Overall, this study provides promising evidence for reliability and validity of the SDI:SR French Translation and suggests ongoing development and larger-scale testing of the SDI:SR French Translation is warranted.
Ge2Sb2Se4Te on n = 1 ITO: a monolithic platform for integrated photonics with mode symmetrization and post-fabrication tuning [Invited]
Authors: Acharjee Niloy , Sun Hongyi , Ni Jimmy H. , Ghosh Siddhartha , Ríos Ocampo Carlos A. 
Published: September 2024

We demonstrate, to our knowledge, a novel monolithic platform for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) based on amorphous-Ge2Sb2Se4Te (am-GSST). Additionally, we explore the concept of mode symmetrization using the epsilon-near-zero behavior displayed by indium-tin-oxide (ITO) to achieve a substrate with n=1 at 1550 nm, the same as the air cladding. We designed, fabricated, and characterized various on-chip components using this platform, including waveguides with preliminary 5.57±0.365dB/mm propagation loss. Furthermore, we propose a post-fabrication tuning of the refractive index by using the phase change nature of GSST to crystallize local sections of the waveguides using electron beams. Our substrate-blind approach is a versatile platform for post-fabrication tunable PICs that could benefit intricate on-chip nanophotonic structures requiring enhanced and symmetric mode confinement.
Comparing the prognosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma with bone and liver metastases: A competing risk analysis
Authors: Zhu Xinglian , Mo Mingxing , Zheng Shaojun , Han Kunning , Li Guoyang , Zhao Fang 
Published: September 2024

Background
About half of the patients with esophageal cancer are presenting with metastasis at initial diagnosis. However, few studies have concerned on the prognostic factors of metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma (mEAC). This research aimed to investigate the effects of single bone metastasis (BM) and single liver metastasis (LM) on prognosis of mEAC patients.

Methods
Data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database. We compared the effects of LM and BM on overall survival (OS), EAC-specific survival (CSS), and EAC-specific death (EASD) by multivariate Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and competing risk regression models.

Results
A total of 1,278 EAC patients were recruited in this study. Of which 78.95% (1009/1278) were EASD, and 12.68% (162/1278) were non-EAC-specific death (non-EASD). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, surgery, chemotherapy, and AJCC.T2 (vs. T1) were identified as protective factors for OS&CSS, while divorced/separated, single/unmarried (vs. married), grade III-IV (vs. grade I-II) and BM (vs. LM) were identified as risk factors. Competing risk regression analysis further confirmed that surgery and chemotherapy were beneficial to the patients with mEAC, and BM (vs. LM) was a risk factor for mEAC patients when considering the existence of the competitive risk events.

Conclusion
Our study indicated that mEAC patients with BM face a worse prognosis compared to those with LM. Additionally, surgery and chemotherapy emerge as protective factors for mEAC patients. These findings offer evidence-based insights for clinical management and contribute to the field.
The epidemiology of hip and groin pain and Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome (FAIS) in male and female Gaelic games players
Authors: Jordan Shauna , Lodge Clare , McCarthy-Persson Ulrik , French Helen , Blake Catherine 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesHip and groin pain is common in Gaelic games players, but data are limited to elite males with poor representation of females. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, severity and factors associated with hip and groin pain and Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome (FAIS) in male and female Gaelic games players.MethodsA representative national sample of Gaelic games players completed a survey providing demographic information and details related to self-reported episodes of hip and groin pain and FAIS diagnosis within the last year. Players from multiple age grades, codes (Football/Hurling/Camogie) and levels of Gaelic games were included.ResultsA total of 775 players responded to the survey. The annual prevalence of hip and groin pain was 54.8%. Almost half of players (48.8%) continued to participate in sport, while 18.7% ceased participation and 32.5% reported reduced participation. Although 40% of episodes lasted no longer than 3 weeks, there was a high recurrence rate (33.5%). FAIS was reported by eight players, representing 1.9% of hip and groin complaints. Logistic regression models indicate male sex, playing both codes of Gaelic games and participating in additional sport were significant factors in predicting hip and groin pain.ConclusionHip and groin pain is prevalent in Gaelic Games with FAIS accounting for a small proportion of cases. However, consideration of indicators of severity (participation impact/symptom duration/medical attention) is essential in understanding the context and magnitude of these hip and groin issues. Male players and players engaging in multiple sports are more likely to experience hip and groin pain.
Incidence trends of gastric cancer in the United States over 2000–2020: A population-based analysis
Authors: Aslani Armin , Soheili Amirali , Mousavi Seyed Ehsan , Ebrahimi Ali , Antar Ryan Michael , Yekta Zahra , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundGastric cancer ranks among the top cancers in terms of both occurrence and death rates in the United States (US). Our objective was to provide the incidence trends of gastric cancer in the US from 2000 to 2020 by age, sex, histology, and race/ethnicity, and to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe obtained data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 22 program. The morphologies of gastric cancer were classified as adenocarcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, signet ring cell carcinoma, and carcinoid tumor. We used average annual percent change (AAPC) and compared pairs using parallelism and coincidence. The numbers were displayed as both counts and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) per 100000 individuals, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsOver 2000–2019, most gastric cancers were among those aged ≥55 years (81.82%), men (60.37%), and Non-Hispanic Whites (62.60%). By histology, adenocarcinoma had the highest incident cases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a remarkable decline in ASIRs of gastric cancer in both sexes and all races (AAPC: -8.92; 95% CI: -11.18 to -6.67). The overall incidence trends of gastric cancer were not parallel, nor identical.ConclusionsThe incidence of gastric cancer shows notable variations by age, race, and sex, with a rising trend across ethnicities. While the overall incidence has declined, a noteworthy increase has been observed among younger adults, particularly young Hispanic women; however, rates decreased significantly in 2020.
Syphilis among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Ghana: The 2023 biobehavioral survey
Authors: Guure Chris , Puplampu Adikwor Ewoenam , Dery Samuel , Abu-Ba’are Gamji Rabiu , Afagbedzi Seth Kwaku , Ayisi Addo Stephen , Torpey Kwasi 
Published: September 2024

Background
Apart from HIV acquisition, men who have sex with men are at a higher risk of sexually transmitted infections, especially syphilis. Although the intersection between syphilis and HIV poses a formidable challenge among key populations who are known to be vulnerable to many health threats, there is little known about syphilis infection among MSM living with HIV in Ghana. This study seeks to investigate the burden of syphilis and address the existing knowledge gap by exploring behavioral, healthcare access, and structural factors influencing the syphilis burden within the HIV-positive MSM population.

Method
This study was conducted in 2023 as part of the bio-behavioral survey (BBS) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Ghana. A cross-sectional survey that used a respondent-driven sampling (RDS) approach was conducted in the old ten regions of Ghana. Data was collected on 3,420 participants, however, 857 HIV-positive MSM were included in this study since it focused on syphilis among HIV-positive MSM in Ghana. The study estimated the prevalence of syphilis among MSM living with HIV and provided a 95% confidence interval across different categories of explanatory variables. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with overall syphilis prevalence. All other analyses were weighted due to the complex design of the study.

Results
The overall prevalence of syphilis was 23.83% (95% CI: 20.44, 27.58). HIV-positive men who only had sex with men had a 29.77% (95% CI: 23.90, 36.40) prevalence of syphilis compared to a prevalence of 9.50% (95% CI: 2.56, 29.53) recorded by HIV-positive MSM who were attracted to mostly females. Participants who ever had receptive anal sex recorded a higher prevalence 26.79% (95% CI: 22.78, 31.23) than those who never had receptive anal sex 12.86% (95% CI: 8.02, 19.99). The odds of syphilis among HIV-positive MSM who never used condoms with regular sex partners in the last 6 months were 41.08 (aOR: 41.08 at 95% CI 1.24–136.42; p = 0.038).

Conclusion
There is a high prevalence of syphilis among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Ghana, especially among those who engage in unprotected anal sex and have multiple sexual partners. Our findings underscore the dire need for targeted interventions to address the dual brunt of HIV and syphilis among the MSM population in Ghana.
Improving multi-object detection and tracking with deep learning, DeepSORT, and frame cancellation techniques
Authors: Razak Rashad N. , Abdullah Hadeel N. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Multi-object detection and tracking is a crucial and extensively researched field in image processing and computer vision. It involves predicting complete tracklets for many objects in a video clip concurrently. This article uses the frame cancellation technique to reduce the computation time required for deep learning and DeepSORT (for any version of the YOLO detector) coupled with DeepSORT algorithm techniques. This novel technique implements a different number of frame cancellations, starting from one frame and continuing until nine frame cancellations, tabling the result of each frame cancellation against the overall system performance for each frame cancellation. The proposed method worked very well; there was a small drop in the average tracking accuracy after the third frame rate cancellation, but the execution time was much faster.
A new extended Mulholland's inequality involving one partial sum
Authors: Peng Ling , Yang Bicheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
By using the weight coefficients and the techniques of real analysis, a new extended Mulholland’s inequality with multi-parameters involving one partial sum is given. The equivalent statements of the best value related to several parameters are provided. The equivalent forms, some inequalities in particular parameters, and the operator expressions are obtained.
EXPERIMENTAL CONFIRMATION OF THE THEORETICAL POSITIONS OF CIRCULAR APERTURE SYNTHESIS
Authors: ЮЩЕНКО В.П. , ЛИТВИНЕНКО С.А. , ГОФМАН О.В. , ДУЛУБА Т.В. 
Published: September 2024

Экспериментально проверяются возможности томографирования объектов в водной среде на акустических волнах посредством кругового апертурного синтеза. Создана экспериментальная установка для реализации метода реконструкции изображения объектов в сечении по траекторному доплеровскому сигналу. Реконструкция изображения осуществляется путём сканирования объекта, помещённого вовнутрь вращающегося цилиндрического резервуара с водой, управляемым фокусом круговой синтезированной апертуры. Приведены алгоритмы управления фокусом и построения изображения. Эксперимент проводился с простейшими тестовыми объектами: металлическим точечным объектом и металлическим стержнем диаметром 2 мм и длиной 10 см. Обсуждаются проблемы реализации кругового апертурного синтеза с использованием цилиндрического вращающегося резервуара с водой с прикреплёнными пьезодатчиками к внутренней стенке резервуара.
The possibilities of photographing objects in an aquatic environment on acoustic waves by means of circular aperture synthesis are experimentally tested. An experimental setup has been created to implement a method for reconstructing the image of objects in cross sections using a trajectory Doppler signal. Image reconstruction is carried out by scanning an object placed inside a rotating cylindrical water tank controlled by a circular synthesized aperture focus. The algorithm of focus control and image construction is given. The experiment is conducted with the simplest text objects:metal point object and metal rod with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 10 cm. The problems of implementing circular aperture synthesis using a cylindrical rotating water tank with piezo sensors attached to the inner wall of the tank are discussed.
EFFECTIVENESS STUDY OF VARIOUS ARCHITECTURES OF RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORKS FOR ANALYZING THE SENTIMENT OF RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE COMMENTS OF SOCIAL NETWORK USERS
Authors: ЖДАНОВА А.Н. , КУПРИЯНОВ А.В. , ГОЛОВА А.А. , БУЛГАКОВ А.С. , БАКАНОВ Д.С. 
Published: September 2024

Продемонстрировано применение методов машинного обучения для анализа тональности текстов и исследования эффективности различных архитектур нейронных сетей. Показано, что данное направление является актуальным в связи с развитием социальных сетей и онлайновых рекомендательных сервисов, где множество пользователей высказывает своё мнение о товарах и услугах. Представлены результаты прогноза и сравнения структур нейронных сетей на реальных данных из социальных сетей, что позволяет определить наиболее эффективную архитектуру для анализа тональности текстов. Исследование может быть полезным разработчикам социальных сетей для рекомендательных сервисов, а также исследователям, занимающимся обработкой естественного языка. Результаты могут помочь улучшить качество анализа мнений пользователей и повысить удовлетворённость пользователей услугами и продуктами. Таким образом, данное исследование вносит вклад в развитие области машинного обучения и анализа текстовых данных.
The article is devoted to the application of machine learning methods for sentiment analysis of texts and to the study of the effectiveness of various architectures of neural networks. This direction is relevant in connection with the development of social networks and online recommendation services, where many users express their opinions about goods and services. The article presents the results of forecasting and comparing the structures of neural networks on real data from social networks. This allows determination of the most efficient architecture for the sentiment analysis of texts. The study may be useful for developers of social networks and recommendation services, as well as for researchers involved in natural language processing. The results can help improve the quality of the user opinion analysis and improve user satisfaction with services and products. Thus, the article contributes to the development of the field of machine learning and text data analysis.
COMPARISON OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR HYPOTHESIS TESTING OF THE INDEPENDENCE OF RANDOM VARIABLES BASED ON A NONPARAMETRIC CLASSIFIER AND THE PEARSON CRITERION
Authors: ЛАПКО А.В. , ЛАПКО В.А. , БАХТИНА А.В. 
Published: September 2024

Методика проверки гипотезы о независимости случайных величин, основанная на непараметрическом алгоритме распознавания образов, используется при анализе неоднозначных зависимостей. Алгоритм распознавания образов соответствует критерию максимального правдоподобия. Оценивание законов распределения в классах осуществляется по исходным статистическим данным в предположении о независимости и зависимости сравниваемых случайных величин. Для оценивания плотностей вероятностей в классах используются непараметрические статистики Розенблатта - Парзена. Коэффициенты размытости ядерных функций в непараметрических оценках плотностей вероятностей в классах определяются из условия минимума их средних квадратических отклонений. В этих условиях вычисляются оценки вероятностей ошибок распознавания образов в классах. По минимальному их значению принимается решение о независимости либо зависимости случайных величин. Проверяется гипотеза о достоверном отличии вероятностей ошибок распознавания образов в классах. Применение предлагаемой методики позволяет обойти проблему декомпозиции области значений случайных величин на интервалы, что свойственно критерию Пирсона. Сравнивается эффективность предлагаемой методики с критерием Пирсона. Приводятся результаты вычислительных экспериментов с применением исследуемых критериев при анализе неоднозначных зависимостей между случайными величинами.
The method of hypothesis testing of the independence of random variables, based on a nonparametric pattern recognition algorithm, is used in the analysis of ambiguous dependencies. The pattern recognition algorithm meets the maximum likelihood criterion. The estimation of the distribution laws in classes is carried out according to the initial statistical data under the assumption of independence and dependence of the compared random variables. Nonparametric statistics of the Rosenblatt - Parzen type are used to estimate probability densities in classes. The blur coefficients of kernel functions in nonparametric estimates of probability densities in classes are determined from the condition of the minimum of mean square deviations. Under these conditions, estimates of the probabilities of pattern recognition errors in classes are calculated. According to their minimum value, a decision is made on the independence or dependence of random variables. The hypothesis of a significant difference in the probabilities of pattern recognition errors in classes is tested. The application of the proposed technique allows us to bypass the problem of decomposition of the range of values of random variables into intervals, which is typical for the Pearson criterion. The effectiveness of the proposed method is compared with the Pearson criterion. The results of computational experiments using the studied criteria in the analysis of ambiguous dependencies between random variables are presented.
TESTING OF LONG-TERM STABILITY OF METROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LASER PATTERN GENERATOR MODEL CLWS-300
Authors: КИРЬЯНОВ В.П. , КАРАКОЦКИЙ А.Г. , КИРЬЯНОВ А.В. 
Published: September 2024

Проведены эксперименты по тестированию долговременной стабильности метрологических показателей лазерного генератора изображений модели CLWS-300, используемого в технологическом процессе выпуска оборудования гониометрического типа. Показано, что на временном интервале 18 лет лазерный генератор модели CLWS-300 сохранил способность воспроизводить свои показатели практически в неизменном виде.
Experiments on testing long-term stability of metrological parameters of the CLWS-300 model laser pattern generator used in the technological process of production of goniometric equipment have been carried out. It is shown that the CLWS-300 model laser pattern generator retained the ability to reproduce its indicators practically unchanged over an interval of 18 years.
RAMAN SCATTERING AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF GAAS NANOWIRES
Authors: КАЛАЧЕВ И.В. , МИЛЁХИН И.А. , ЕМЕЛЬЯНОВ Е.А. , ПРЕОБРАЖЕНСКИЙ В.В. , ТУМАШЕВ В.С. , МИЛЁХИН А.Г. , ЛАТЫШЕВ А.В. 
Published: September 2024

Представлены экспериментальные данные по изучению фононных и оптических свойств нанопроволок GaAs ориентации (111), расположенных на золотой подложке с помощью методов спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния света (КРС) и фотолюминесценции (ФЛ). Структурные параметры нанопроволок были определены методами атомно-силовой (АСМ) и сканирующей электронной микроскопии (СЭМ). В спектрах микроКРС и микроФЛ отдельной нанопроволоки GaAs наблюдаются моды оптических фононов GaAs и их обертонов, вплоть до третьего порядка, и полоса экситонной фотолюминесценции. В спектрах микроФЛ проявляется анизотропия интенсивности ФЛ в нанопроволоках, причём максимальный/минимальный сигнал наблюдается при направлении вектора поляризации вдоль/поперёк проволоки. Выполнено картирование наноФЛ отдельной нанопроволоки GaAs с пространственным разрешением 20 нм, что существенно меньше дифракционного предела. При переходе к нанометровым масштабам обнаружено плазмонное усиление сигнала ближнепольной экситонной наноФЛ, обусловленное металлизированной АСМ-иглой.
The paper presents experimental data on phonon and optical properties of (111)-oriented GaAs nanowires on a gold substrate studied by means of Raman scattering and photoluminescence (PL). The structural parameters of the nanowires are determined by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy (AFM and SEM, respectively). In the micro-Raman and micro-PL spectra of a single GaAs nanowire, phonon modes of GaAs and their overtones up to the third order and an exciton photoluminescence band are observed. In the micro-PL spectra, anisotropy of the PL intensity in nanowires is revealed, and the maximum/minimum signal is observed when the polarization vector is directed along/across the wire. Nano-PL maps of a single GaAs nanowire with a spatial resolution of 20 nm are obtained, which is significantly smaller than the diffraction limit. Plasmon enhancement of the near-field exciton nano-PL in the vicinity of the metallized tip of the AFM microscope is detected.