bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internalization of tau antibody and pathological tau protein detected with a flow cytometry multiplexing approach
Authors: Shamir Dov B. , Rosenqvist Nina , Rasool Suhail , Pedersen Jan T. , Sigurdsson Einar M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIntroductionTau immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach to clear tau aggregates from the brain. Our previous findings suggest that tau antibodies may act outside and within neurons to promote such clearance.MethodsWe have developed an approach using flow cytometry, a human neuroblastoma cell model overexpressing tau with the P301L mutation, and paired helical filament (PHF)–enriched pathologic tau to effectively screen uptake and retention of tau antibodies in conjunction with PHF.ResultsThe flow cytometry approach correlates well with Western blot analysis to detect internalized antibodies in naïve and transfected SH‐SY5Y cells (r2 = 0.958, and r2 = 0.968, P = .021 and P = .016, respectively). In transfected cells, more antibodies are taken up/retained as pathologic tau load increases, both under co‐treated conditions and when the cells are pretreated with PHF before antibody administration (r2 = 0.999 and r2 = 0.999, P = .013 and P = .011, respectively).DiscussionThis approach allows rapid in vitro screening of antibody uptake and retention in conjunction with pathologic tau protein before more detailed studies in animals or other more complex model systems.
Effects of multiple psychological distances on construal and consumer evaluation: A field study of online reviews
Authors: Huang Ni , Burtch Gordon , Hong Yili , Polman Evan 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThrough a large‐scale field study of 166,215 online restaurant reviews, we found evidence of a distance boosting effect, whereby experiencing spatial distance (i.e., authoring a review about a geographically distant restaurant, rather than proximate one) and temporal distance (i.e., authoring a review after a lengthy delay, rather than immediately) jointly affect review positivity by amplifying consumers' high‐level construals. Although past research has explored the relationship between psychological distance, construal and consumer evaluation, the effects of various dimensions of distance have only been considered in isolation. Our research contributes to past work by testing the effects of experiencing two dimensions of psychological distance simultaneously on construal and consumer evaluations. Moreover, because our data contain naturalistic observations, our research includes a wide range of temporal and spatial distances. We found that the effect of one distance increases the effect of the other. Metaphorically speaking, the effect of one distance is boosted by another.
Source rocks of Carboniferous–Lower Cretaceous terrigenous sediments of the northeastern Siberian Platform: results of Sm–Nd isotope–geochemical studies
Authors: Malyshev S.V. , Khudoley A.K. , Prokopiev A.V. , Ershova V.B. , Kazakova G.G. , Terentyeva L.B. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The first Sm–Nd isotope studies of the Carboniferous–Early Cretaceous clastic rocks of the northeastern Siberian Platform have been carried out. Variation in the isotope composition of sediments within this time interval has been determined and interpreted. The high ɛNd(t) values for Carboniferous–Permian sediments (from –11 to –2) testify to the large contribution of the products of erosion of island-arc and juvenile complexes localized in the Taimyr–Severnaya Zemlya fold–thrust belt in the Carboniferous. The positive ɛNd(t) values for Triassic sandstones suggest erosion of the coeval igneous rocks of the trap association. The Upper Jurassic and, particularly, Cretaceous sediments of the Lena–Anabar depression and Verkhoyansk foreland basin are characterized by extremely negative ɛNd(t) values (from –15 to –19), which is evidence for erosion of mature continental crust. The Carboniferous-Triassic complexes of the Verkhoyansk fold–thrust belt, which show higher ɛNd(t) values, cannot have been a source of detritus for Cretaceous sandstones. The sediments filling the Verkhoyansk foreland basin accumulated as a result of the decomposition of homogenized distal source rocks with the isotope characteristics of the old crust rather than the breakup of the mountain range rising to the east. Salients of the crystalline basement of the Siberian Platform, such as the Aldan Shield, might have been these source provinces.
Structured non-self approach for aircraft failure identification within a fault tolerance architecture
Authors: Moncayo H. , Moguel I. , Perhinschi M.G. , Perez A. , Al Azzawi D. , Togayev A. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTWithin an immunity-based architecture for aircraft fault detection, identification and evaluation, a structured, non-self approach has been designed and implemented to classify and quantify the type and severity of different aircraft actuators, sensors, structural components and engine failures. The methodology relies on a hierarchical multi-self strategy with heuristic selection of sub-selves and formulation of a mapping logic algorithm, in which specific detectors of specific selves are mapped against failures based on their capability to selectively capture the dynamic fingerprint of abnormal conditions in all their aspects. Immune negative and positive selection mechanisms have been used within the process. Data from a motion-based six-degrees-of-freedom flight simulator were used to evaluate the performance in terms of percentage identification rates for a set of 2D non-self projections under several upset conditions.
Drag optimisation of a wing equipped with a morphing upper surface
Authors: Koreanschi A. , Sugar-Gabor O. , Botez R. M. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThe drag coefficient and the laminar-to-turbulent transition for the aerofoil component of a wing model are optimised using an adaptive upper surface with two actuation points. The effects of the new shaped aerofoils on the global drag coefficient of the wing model are also studied. The aerofoil was optimised with an ‘in-house’ genetic algorithm program coupled with a cubic spline aerofoil shape reconstruction and XFoil 6.96 open-source aerodynamic solver. The wing model analysis was performed with the open-source solver XFLR5 and the 3D Panel Method was used for the aerodynamic calculation. The results of the aerofoil optimisation indicate improvements of both the drag coefficient and transition delay of 2% to 4%. These improvements in the aerofoil characteristics affect the global drag of the wing model, reducing it by up to 2%. The analyses were conducted for a single Reynolds number and speed over a range of angles of attack. The same cases will also be used in the experimental testing of the manufactured morphing wing model.
Whose Authority? Contesting and Negotiating the Idea of a Legitimate Interpretation of Islamic Law in Indonesia
Authors: Alfitri  
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis article examines the history of the evolution of Islamic legal authority in Indonesia and provides an account of how it is contested and negotiated in contemporary Indonesia, using the history of family law reform as an example. There is a plurality of sources of authority for Islamic law as they operate within the domain of family law. The case studies reveal tensions between continuity and change in the development of Islamic legal principles and the strategies that different actors employ to advance their preferred version of Islamic legal norms: while the state has adopted a synthetic approach in order to accommodate these multiple legal authorities and increase the efficacy of its own statutes, theulamapersistently insist on the authority offiqhas the immutable point of reference in resolving legal problems faced by Muslims. These conflicts ensure that the statutes will continue facing challenges as a legitimate interpretation of Islamic law in Indonesia.
Defining, Describing, and Categorizing Public Health Infrastructure Priorities for Tropical Cyclone, Flood, Storm, Tornado, and Tsunami-Related Disasters
Authors: Ryan Benjamin J. , Franklin Richard C. , Burkle Frederick M. , Watt Kerrianne , Aitken Peter , Smith Erin C. , Leggat Peter 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectivesThe study aim was to undertake a qualitative research literature review to analyze available databases to define, describe, and categorize public health infrastructure (PHI) priorities for tropical cyclone, flood, storm, tornado, and tsunami-related disasters.MethodsFive electronic publication databases were searched to define, describe, or categorize PHI and discuss tropical cyclone, flood, storm, tornado, and tsunami-related disasters and their impact on PHI. The data were analyzed through aggregation of individual articles to create an overall data description. The data were grouped into PHI themes, which were then prioritized on the basis of degree of interdependency.ResultsSixty-seven relevant articles were identified. PHI was categorized into 13 themes with a total of 158 descriptors. The highest priority PHI identified was workforce. This was followed by water, sanitation, equipment, communication, physical structure, power, governance, prevention, supplies, service, transport, and surveillance.ConclusionsThis review identified workforce as the most important of the 13 thematic areas related to PHI and disasters. If its functionality fails, workforce has the greatest impact on the performance of health services. If addressed post-disaster, the remaining forms of PHI will then be progressively addressed. These findings are a step toward providing an evidence base to inform PHI priorities in the disaster setting. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:598–610)
H3Africa multi-centre study of the prevalence and environmental and genetic determinants of type 2 diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa: study protocol
Authors: Ekoru K. , Young E. H. , Adebamowo C. , Balde N. , Hennig B. J. , Kaleebu P. , Kapiga S. , Levitt N. S. , Mayige M. , Mbanya J. C. , McCarthy M. I. , Nyan O. , Nyirenda M. , Oli J. , Ramaiya K. , Smeeth L. , Sobngwi E. , Rotimi C. N. , Sandhu M. S. , Motala A. A. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryThe burden and aetiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its microvascular complications may be influenced by varying behavioural and lifestyle environments as well as by genetic susceptibility. These aspects of the epidemiology of T2D have not been reliably clarified in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), highlighting the need for context-specific epidemiological studies with the statistical resolution to inform potential preventative and therapeutic strategies. Therefore, as part of the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) initiative, we designed a multi-site study comprising case collections and population-based surveys at 11 sites in eight countries across SSA. The goal is to recruit up to 6000 T2D participants and 6000 control participants. We will collect questionnaire data, biophysical measurements and biological samples for chronic disease traits, risk factors and genetic data on all study participants. Through integrating epidemiological and genomic techniques, the study provides a framework for assessing the burden, spectrum and environmental and genetic risk factors for T2D and its complications across SSA. With established mechanisms for fieldwork, data and sample collection and management, data-sharing and consent for re-approaching participants, the study will be a resource for future research studies, including longitudinal studies, prospective case ascertainment of incident disease and interventional studies.
Service users’ perspective of their admission: a report of study findings
Authors: O’Donoghue B. , Roche E. , Lyne J. , Madigan K. , Feeney L. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesThe ‘Service Users’ Perspective of their Admission’ study examined voluntarily and involuntarily admitted services users’ perception of coercion during the admission process and whether this was associated with factors such as the therapeutic alliance, satisfaction with services, functioning and quality of life. This report aims to collate the findings of the study.MethodsThe study was undertaken across three community mental health services in Ireland. Participants were interviewed before discharge and at 1 year using the MacArthur Admission Experience. Caregivers of participants were interviewed about their perception of coercion during the admission.ResultsA total of 161 service users were interviewed and of those admitted involuntarily, 42% experienced at least one form of physical coercion. Service users admitted involuntarily reported higher levels of perceived coercion and less procedural justice than those admitted voluntarily. A total of 22% of voluntarily admitted service users reported levels of perceived coercion comparable with involuntarily admitted service users and this was associated with treatment in a secure ward or being brought to hospital initially under mental health legislation. In comparison with the service user, caregivers tended to underestimate the level of perceived coercion. The level of procedural justice was moderately associated with the therapeutic relationship and satisfaction with services. After 1 year, 70% experienced an improvement in functioning and this was not associated with the accumulated level of coercive events, when controlled for confounders.ConclusionsThis study has provided valuable insights into the perceptions of coercion and can help inform future interventional studies aimed at reducing coercion in mental health services.
Alterations in energy balance from an exercise intervention with ad libitum food intake
Authors: Melzer Katarina , Renaud Anne , Zurbuchen Stefanie , Tschopp Céline , Lehmann Jan , Malatesta Davide , Ruch Nicole , Schutz Yves , Kayser Bengt , Mäder Urs 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBetter understanding is needed regarding the effects of exercise alone, without any imposed dietary regimens, as a single tool for body-weight regulation. Thus, we evaluated the effects of an 8-week increase in activity energy expenditure (AEE) on ad libitum energy intake (EI), body mass and composition in healthy participants with baseline physical activity levels (PAL) in line with international recommendations. Forty-six male adults (BMI = 19·7–29·3 kg/m2) participated in an intervention group, and ten (BMI = 21·0–28·4 kg/m2) in a control group. Anthropometric measures, cardiorespiratory fitness, EI, AEE and exercise intensity were recorded at baseline and during the 1st, 5th and 8th intervention weeks, and movement was recorded throughout. Body composition was measured at the beginning and at the end of the study, and resting energy expenditure was measured after the study. The intervention group increased PAL from 1·74 (se 0·03) to 1·93 (se 0·03) (P < 0·0001) and cardiorespiratory fitness from 41·4 (se 0·9) to 45·7 (se 1·1) ml O2/kg per min (P = 0·001) while decreasing body mass (−1·36 (se 0·2) kg; P = 0·001) through adipose tissue mass loss (ATM) (−1·61 (se 0·2) kg; P = 0·0001) compared with baseline. The control group did not show any significant changes in activity, body mass or ATM. EI was unchanged in both groups. The results indicate that in normal-weight and overweight men, increasing PAL from 1·7 to 1·9 while keeping EI ad libitum over an 8-week period produces a prolonged negative energy balance. Replication using a longer period (and/or more intense increase in PAL) is needed to investigate if and at what body composition the increase in AEE is met by an equivalent increase in EI.
Kooiichthys jonon. gen. n. sp., a primitive catfish (Teleostei, Siluriformes) from the marine Miocene of southern South America
Authors: Azpelicueta María de las Mercedes , Cione Alberto Luis , Cozzuol Mario Alberto , Mirande Juan Marcos 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA specimen of a remarkable new catfish genus and species was collected in middle/late Miocene marine beds of the Puerto Madryn Formation at the base of the marine cliff of the sea lion colony area near Puerto Pirámide, southern coast of Península Valdés, northeastern Patagonia, Argentina. Siluriforms (catfishes) constitute a most important monophyletic ostariophysan group of mainly freshwater fishes that occurs in almost all continents but it is especially diverse in South America. Catfishes are presently distributed in tropical to temperate areas and a small number of species are marine or amphibiotic. The new catfish shows many primitive features for catfishes in the maxilla, autopalatine, hyal elements, and Weberian apparatus. The genus is clearly distinguished by four autapomorphies: sand clock–shaped autopalatine, posterior limb of autopalatine widening strongly, post-articular arm of autopalatine longer, and a metapterygoid longer than broad. One tree was obtained both under equal and implied weighting with the following topology: a basal polytomy in the Siluriformes formed by Diplomystidae, Bachmanniidae,Kooiichthysand the Siluroidei. The new species appears to have been a marine or amphibiotic taxon: it was collected in beds considered to represent the Maximum Flooding Horizon of the transgression that deposited the Puerto Madryn Formation. The coast at this moment was at approximately 90 km to the west. According to faunistic evidence, the sea was warm temperate.
Molecular phylogenetic analyses of tissue coccidia (sarcocystidae; apicomplexa) based on nuclear 18s RDNA and mitochondrial COI sequences confirms the paraphyly of the genus Hammondia
Authors: OGEDENGBE MOSUN E. , OGEDENGBE JOSEPH D. , WHALE JULIA C. , ELLIOT KRISTIN , JUÁREZ-ESTRADA MARCO A. , BARTA JOHN R. 
Published: March 2016

SUMMARYPartial mitochondrial cytochromecoxidase subunit I (mt COI) sequences were generated from:Toxoplasma gondii(strains CTG, GTI, MAS, ME49, PTG, TgCatBr5, TgCat, Br64, TgCgCal, TgToucan);Neospora caninum(Strain NC1);Hammondia hammondi(Strain H.H–20);H. heydorni; H. cf.triffittae; Cystoisospora felis; C. suis; C. canis; C. rivolta; C. cf.ohioensis; Caryospora bigenetica; Sarcocystis rileyi; andS. neurona. Nuclear 18S rDNA sequences were generated forH. heydorni, H. hammondi, C. suis, C. canis, C. felis, C. rivolta, C. cf.ohioensis, S. neurona, andS. rileyi. Aligned, concatenated 18S rDNA and COI sequences were Bayesian analysed using partitioned nucleotide substitution models [HKY + I + G for 18S; GTR + I + G codon (code = metmt) for COI]. Phylogenetic hypotheses supported a monophyletic Sarcocystidae and its subfamilie with two major clades within the Toxoplasmatinae: (1) a monophyletic clade ofCystoisosporaspp. withNephroisospora eptesici; and (2) a clade ofToxoplasma, NeosporaandHammondia. Within the latter,Hammondiawas shown to be paraphyletic;H. heydorniandH. triffittaewere monophyletic withN. caninum[canine definitive hosts (DHs)], whereasH. hammondiwas monophyletic withT. gondii(feline DHs). A new genus is erected to resolve the paraphyly of the genusHammondiaconfirmed using mt COI and combined 18S/COI sequence datasets.
Host preference and host colonization of the Asian long-horned beetle,Anoplophora glabripennis(Coleoptera Cerambycidae), in Southern Europe
Authors: Faccoli M. , Favaro R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Asian long-horned beetle (ALB),Anoplophora glabripennis(Motschulsky), is a highly polyphagous invasive pest with a broad range of host species, but showing relevant differences between infestation areas. Host preference and host colonization (female fecundity, egg and larval survival) were assessed in a population in Northern Italy by choice and no-choice experiments conducted in both field and laboratory conditions. During 5 years of field observations, ALB was found to infest seven genera of trees:Acer, Aesculus, Betula, Populus, Prunus, SalixandUlmus. However,Acer, Betula, UlmusandSalixresulted to be the preferred hosts corresponding to 97.5% (1112) of the 1140 infested trees. In both laboratory and field trials carried out on these four host genera, no-choice experiments recorded the highest host colonization ofA. glabripennisonAcertrees, with the highest number of laid eggs and the lowest egg and larval mortality.UlmusandSalixshowed a lower number of laid eggs during laboratory choice test, but egg and larval mortality had mean values similar toAcer. On the contrary, despite the high number ofBetulatrees felled during the eradication plan carried out in the infestation area, this tree species showed the lowest beetle suitability in terms of number of laid eggs and insect survival. An overestimation of the number of infestedBetulaoccurring during the tree survey may explain the discordance between high number of infestedBetulaand low beetle suitability. Instead, the large number of infestedAcerrecorded in the field was probably due to the high abundance of these trees occurring in parks and gardens within the infestation area and to the low adult dispersal ofA. glabripennis. Overall, results from this study confirm that host species affects both beetle colonization and breeding performance. The study shows ALB host preference and host suitability varying between tree species, suggesting an ALB acceptance even of sub-optimal hosts.
Chlorpyrifos-induced hormesis in insecticide-resistant and -susceptible Plutella xylostella under normal and high temperatures
Authors: Deng Z.Z. , Zhang F. , Wu Z.L. , Yu Z.Y. , Wu G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractHormesis induced by insecticides at the dosage lower than what ostensibly directly causes death on insects was studied. This paper reports the effects of the in vivo application of varied concentrations of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on Plutella xylostella (DBM). The insecticide concentrations applied included 0.000025–2.5 mg l−1, which are far lower than LC1 (7.2 mg l−1), for the CPF-susceptable (Si) DBM, and 250 mg l−1 which is far below LC1 (1286 mg l−1), for the CPF-resistant (Rc) DBM, as well as LC10- and LC50-doses for both strains. Significant hormesis was found with the ‘hermetic-CPFs’, i.e., 0.0025 mg l−1 for Si DBM and 2.5 mg l−1 for Rc DBM, at the normal or high temperature either in a 24 h or under a long-term treatment. These doses of CPF significantly stimulated the development and increased the fecundity of Si and Rc DBM at 25°C with approximately 23.5–29.8% activity increase on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and 30.5–91.3% increase on glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) at 25 or 38°C in 4–24 h. The enzymatic activities were significantly reduced by LC50-CPF at 25°C in vivo, but the inhibition was relieved significantly, if the insects were first subjected to a hormetic-CPF pretreatment. It was remarkable that the average rates of enzymatic activity increase were 67.5–76.6% for AChE and 366–546% for GSTs. Consequently, it was concluded that the hormesis on Si and Rc DBM could be induced by CPF doses far below LC1 at normal or high temperature in short- or long-term treatment. These findings might help to improve the current insect control practices in the field.
Exotic Coactions
Authors: Kaliszewski S. , Landstad Magnus B. , Quigg John 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIf a locally compact group G acts on a C*-algebra B, we have both full and reduced crossed products and each has a coaction of G. We investigate ‘exotic’ coactions in between the two, which are determined by certain ideals E of the Fourier–Stieltjes algebra B(G); an approach that is inspired by recent work of Brown and Guentner on new C*-group algebra completions. We actually carry out the bulk of our investigation in the general context of coactions on a C*-algebra A. Buss and Echterhoff have shown that not every coaction comes from one of these ideals, but nevertheless the ideals do generate a wide array of exotic coactions. Coactions determined by these ideals E satisfy a certain ‘E-crossed product duality’, intermediate between full and reduced duality. We give partial results concerning exotic coactions with the ultimate goal being a classification of which coactions are determined by ideals of B(G).