bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for reassortment of highly divergent novel rotaviruses from bats in Cameroon, without evidence for human interspecies transmissions
Authors: Yinda Claude Kwe , Zeller Mark , Conceição-Neto Nádia , Maes Piet , Deboutte Ward , Beller Leen , Heylen Elisabeth , Ghogomu Stephen Mbigha , Ranst Marc Van , Matthijnssens Jelle 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBats are an important reservoir for pathogenic human respiratory and hemorrhagic viruses but only little is known about bat viruses causing gastroenteritis in humans, including rotavirus A strains (RVA). Only three RVA strains have been reported in bats in Kenya (straw-colored fruit bat) and in China (lesser horseshoe and a stoliczka’s trident bat), being highly divergent from each other. To further elucidate the potential of bat RVAs to cause gastroenteritis in humans we started by investigating the genetic diversity of RVAs in fecal samples from 87 straw-colored fruit bats living in close contact with humans in Cameroon using metagenomics. Five samples contained significant numbers of RVA Illumina reads, sufficient to obtain their (near) complete genomes. A single RVA strain showed a close phylogenetic relationship with the Kenyan bat RVA strain in six gene segments, including VP7 (G25), whereas the other gene segments represented novel genotypes as ratified by the RCWG. The 4 other RVA strains were highly divergent from known strains (but very similar among each other) possessing all novel genotypes. Only the VP7 and VP4 genes showed a significant variability representing multiple novel G and P genotypes, indicating the frequent occurrence of reassortment events.Comparing these bat RVA strains with currently used human RVA screening primers indicated that several of the novel VP7 and VP4 segments would not be detected in routine epidemiological screening studies. Therefore, novel VP6 based screening primers matching both human and bat RVAs were developed and used to screen samples from 25 infants with gastroenteritis living in close proximity with the studied bat population. Although RVA infections were identified in 36% of the infants, Sanger sequencing did not indicate evidence of interspecies transmissions.This study identified multiple novel bat RVA strains, but further epidemiological studies in humans will have to assess if these viruses have the potential to cause gastroenteritis in humans.
Determinants of compliance with AAOIFI standards by Islamic banks
Authors: El-Halaby Sherif , Hussainey Khaled 
Published: May 2016

PurposeThe authors explore the level and determinants of compliance with Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institution’s (AAOIFI) financial and governance standards by Islamic banks (IBs).Design/methodology/approachThe sample consists of 43 IBs across eight countries. The authors use ordinary least squares regression analyses to examine the impact of bank-specific characteristics and corporate governance (CG) mechanisms concerned with Board of Directors (BOD) and Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) on the levels of compliance with AAOIFI standards.FindingsThe paper finds that the average compliance level based on AAOIFI standards concerning the SSB is 68 per cent; corporate social responsibility (CSR) is 27 per cent; and presentation of financial statements (FSs) is 73 per cent. The aggregate disclosure based on the three indices is 56 per cent. The analysis also shows that size, existing Sharia-auditing department, age and CG of SSB are the main determinants of compliance levels.Originality/valueThe determinants of compliance with AAOIFI standards for IBs around the world have not been explored before, and therefore, this paper is the first of its kind to this issue.
Dispute resolution in the Islamic banking industry of Tanzania: learning from other jurisdictions
Authors: Hikmany Abdul-Nasser H.R. , Oseni Umar A. 
Published: May 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the prospects of a dispute resolution framework for the Islamic banking industry in Tanzania under the existing legal framework.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on comparative study by drawing significant lessons from other jurisdictions, and argues that to avoid some of the initial drawbacks in the dispute resolution framework for Islamic banking transactions in more advanced jurisdictions like Malaysia and United Kingdom, it is important for Tanzania to get it right from the onset to effectively manage Islamic banking disputes.FindingsThe study finds that apart from the court system which provides the main avenue for Islamic finance litigation, other processes such as arbitration and mediation which are deemed to be more sustainable could also be developed for effective dispute management.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focuses on Tanzania banking system with comparison to other jurisdictions.Practical implicationsAn increase of Sharī’ah-compliant products in Tanzania has led to the establishment of a number of Islamic banks. This study demonstrates the need for Tanzania to make use and/or make adjustment of its laws for effective dispute settlement of banking-related disputes.Originality/valueThis study appears to be the first paper to draw significant experiences from other jurisdictions to resolve Islamic banking disputes in Tanzania. It is expected to provide a good policy framework for the stakeholders in the Islamic banking industry in Tanzania.
Retrospective: a cross-sectional test of the effect and conceptualization of service value revisited
Authors: Cronin J. Joseph 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to provide an evaluation of the findings first put forward in the article “A cross-sectional test of the effect and conceptualization of service value” with the benefit of hindsight, and to offer directions for further research and developments in the research area.

Design/methodology/approach
Research directions which emanated from the publication of the paper have been examined in the light of current service(s) marketing theory and practice. As a result, promising current and future strands of research have been identified.

Findings
The focus of both the original and this paper is on the conceptualization and measurement of the value construct. Although much theory has been advanced relative to the measurement of value, the marketing literature lacks a conceptualization and measures that reflect this theory.

Research limitations/implications
The implication of the paper is that marketing scholars tend to focus more on to other studies before exhausting the opportunities to identify and test appropriate conceptualizations and measures of core marketing constructs such as value, quality, sacrifice and satisfaction.

Practical implications
Although value is universally identified as a major driver of consumer decision-making, a full appreciation of its role in the strategic marketing efforts of organizations depends on having an accurate conceptualization and measures. The original paper and this revisit motivate and assist organizations in their efforts to better understand value and its impact in the decisions made by consumers.

Social implications
To contribute to the needs and wants of society, organizations must identify what is valued by society. The original and this revisit identify the creation of value as a basic need in encouraging consumer behaviours when the intent is to satisfy societal needs or desires.

Originality/value
The original paper was highly rated, and generated discussion and important further research. It has value as part of the history of service marketing research. The retrospective analysis by the authors gives a unique insight into processes and thinking associated with understanding key aspects that contribute to the historical development of service marketing, and provides substantial food for thought for future research directions.
A Changing UK in a Changing Europe: The UK State between European Union and Devolution
Authors: Minto Rachel , Hunt Jo , Keating Michael , Mcgowan Lee 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTwo issues currently dominate the UK's constitutional landscape: the UK's membership of the European Union (EU) on the one hand; and the unsettled constitutional settlements between the UK and the devolved administrations of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland on the other. This article considers these two issues in concert. It stresses the distinct relationships between the EU and the devolved territories within the UK—concerning both devolved and non‐devolved policy areas—highlighting the salience of a devolved perspective in any consideration of UK–EU relations. Despite its importance, sensitivity to this has been lacking. The article explores the implications of a ‘Leave’ or ‘Remain’ outcome on the future of the internal territorial dynamics within the UK. While there are too many unknowns to be certain of anything, that there will be knock‐on effects is, however, beyond doubt.
Effects of Prohibition and Decriminalization on Drug Market Conflict
Authors: Jacques Scott , Rosenfeld Richard , Wright Richard , van Gemert Frank 
Published: May 2016

Research SummaryTo reduce individual and social harms, most nations prohibit certain psychoactive drugs. Yet, prior scholarship has suggested that prohibition reduces illicit drug sellers’ access to law and thereby increases predation against and retaliation by them. No prior study, however, has directly tested that theory by comparing drug sellers of different legal statuses operating in a single place and time. This study analyzes rates of victimization, legal mobilization, and violent retaliation in three retail drug markets in Amsterdam, the Netherlands: the legally regulated alcohol trade of cafés, the decriminalized cannabis market of “coffeeshops,” and the illegal street drug market. Results from interviews conducted with 50 sellers in each market indicate, as expected, that illicit drug dealers have the highest rates of victimization and violent retaliation and the lowest rates of legal mobilization. Contrary to expectations, we find coffeeshops experience less victimization than cafés and have similar rates of violent retaliation and legal mobilization.Policy ImplicationsOur findings suggest that state regulation of drug markets affects victimization and conflict management of sellers, but the relationship does not seem to be linear. Prohibition undercuts the state's regulatory capacity by producing zones of virtual statelessness in which formal means of dispute resolution are unavailable, and thus, victimization and retaliation are more common. At the other extreme is laissez faire regulation, which may make sellers more likely to address problems only after they occur (instead of preventing their occurrence). The Dutch government originally instituted coffeeshops as a harm‐reduction method meant to separate the market for cannabis from that of hard drugs. The policy also seems to work well when it comes to reducing victimization, perhaps by encouraging the use of preventive measures by coffeeshop owners and employees. The Dutch experience offers lessons for drug policy reforms elsewhere.
Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence: medium‐term follow‐up from a single institution
Authors: Patton Vicki , Abraham Earl , Lubowski David Z. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundMost studies on sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) are either single‐centre with small numbers of patients or multi‐centre studies. We present the medium‐term follow‐up results from a single centre for 127 patients undergoing SNS.MethodsConsecutive patients treated with SNS for faecal incontinence had preoperative baseline St Mark's continence scores, faecal incontinence quality of life (FIQL) measures and anorectal physiology studies. Follow‐up was a postal questionnaire concerning continence, FIQL, patient‐perceived change in bowel control (−5 to +5 where 0 is no change), overall satisfaction (0–10 visual analogue scale) and use of medications.ResultsA total of 166 patients underwent temporary nerve stimulation testing, of which 112 progressed to a permanent implantable pulse generator (IPG). Fifteen received an IPG without the testing phase, hence 127 patients in total. Fourteen had the IPG removed, four were deceased, leaving 109 for assessment; 91 (83%) responded to the survey. Mean follow‐up was 2.7 years (range: 2 months–8.5 years). Mean baseline St Mark's continence score was 14.4, and mean follow‐up score was 10.3 (P < 0.01). FIQL improved in all domains (P < 0.001). Patient‐reported improved bowel control mean score was +3.2 (95% CI: 2.9, 3.55). Median satisfaction score was 8.0 (range: 0–10). Complications included 17 lead dislodgements, seven superficial infections, five infections requiring surgery and five repositioning of a rotated IPG. Thirty‐two patients used loperamide and 34 used fibre supplements.ConclusionIn this observational study, limited by the absence of a placebo control group, SNS significantly improved continence and quality of life, and patient satisfaction was high.
Prospective assessment of serum periostin as a biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of eosinophilic oesophagitis
Authors: Dellon E. S. , Higgins L. L. , Beitia R. , Rusin S. , Woosley J. T. , Veerappan R. , Selitsky S. R. , Parker J. S. , Genta R. M. , Lash R. H. , Aranda R. , Peach R. J. , Grimm M. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryBackgroundPeriostin is highly expressed in eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE), but has not been extensively studied as a non‐invasive biomarker.AimTo assess whether serum periostin distinguished EoE from controls at baseline, had utility for monitoring treatment response, or was associated with IL‐13 levels.MethodsThis was a sub‐analysis of a prospective cohort study of adults undergoing out‐patient upper endoscopy. Incident cases of EoE were diagnosed per consensus guidelines. Controls were subjects with either GERD or dysphagia without EoE. EoE patients were treated with swallowed/topical steroids and had repeat endoscopy/biopsy. Serum periostin levels for cases and controls were compared at baseline, and pre/post‐treatment levels were compared for cases. Serum IL‐13 and tissue expression of periostin were also assessed.ResultsA total of 61 incident EoE cases and 87 controls were analysed. Despite a marked increase in tissue periostin expression in cases, the median baseline serum periostin level was only slightly higher in cases than controls (22.1 ng/mL vs. 20.7; P = 0.04); there was no change in post‐treatment levels. There was also no difference in serum periostin for cases by histologic response or atopic status. There was a strong trend towards higher serum IL‐13 levels in cases in the highest periostin quartile (57.1 pg/mL vs. 2.6; P = 0.07).ConclusionsSerum periostin levels were similar in cases and controls, and there were no changes post‐treatment. Given elevated IL‐13 levels in the EoE patients with the highest periostin levels, future studies could explore periostin as a biomarker in EoE, perhaps in the setting of anti‐IL‐13 therapy.
Curcumin Inhibits 5‐Fluorouracil‐induced Up‐regulation of CXCL1 and CXCL2 of the Colon Associated with Attenuation of Diarrhoea Development
Authors: Sakai Hiroyasu , Kai Yuki , Oguchi Aya , Kimura Minami , Tabata Shoko , Yaegashi Miyabi , Saito Taiki , Sato Ken , Sato Fumiaki , Yumoto Tetsuro , Narita Minoru 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe compound 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) is used in cancer chemotherapy and is known to cause diarrhoea. We recently reported that chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) and neutrophils in the colonic mucosa were markedly increased by the administration of 5‐FU in mice. Curcumin has anti‐inflammatory, antitumour and antioxidant properties. Therefore, we examined the effect of curcumin on 5‐FU‐induced diarrhoea development and CXCL1 and CXCL2 up‐regulation in the colon. Mice were given 5‐FU (50 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for 4 days. Curcumin (100 or 300 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered on the day before the first administration of 5‐FU and administered 30 min. before the administration of 5‐FU. Gene expression levels of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in the colon were examined by real‐time RT‐PCR. Curcumin reduced the 5‐FU‐induced diarrhoea development. Under this condition, the CXCL1 and CXCL2 gene up‐regulated by 5‐FU administration was inhibited by curcumin. The gene expression of CXCL1 and CXCL2 was also enhanced by 5‐FU application in vitro. The 5‐FU‐induced up‐regulated CXCL1 and CXCL2 gene expressions were inhibited by curcumin, Bay‐117082 and bortezomib, nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) inhibitors, C646, a p300/cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element‐binding protein–histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitor. In conclusion, these findings suggested that curcumin prevented the development of diarrhoea by inhibiting NF‐κB and HAT activation.
Is small‐scale agriculture really the main driver of deforestation in the Peruvian Amazon? Moving beyond the prevailing narrative
Authors: Ravikumar Ashwin , Sears Robin R. , Cronkleton Peter , Menton Mary , Pérez‐Ojeda del Arco Matías 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA key premise underlying discussion about deforestation in Amazonian Peru is that small‐scale or so‐called migratory agriculture is the main driver of deforestation. This premise has been expressed in government documents and public outreach events. How the Peruvian government understands drivers of deforestation in the Amazon has profound implications for how it will confront the problem. It is therefore important to critically revisit assumptions underlying this narrative. We find that the narrative is based on remote sensing of deforestation patch sizes but not on field data, potentially conflating distinct drivers of deforestation under the umbrella of “migratory,” “small‐scale,” or “subsistence” agriculture. In fact, small patches of deforested land may indicate any number of processes, including sustainable fallow management and agroforestry. Moreover, the data underlying the narrative tell us little about the actors driving these processes or their motivations. Different processes have distinct implications for environmental sustainability and require targeted policy responses. We unpack these diverse actors, geographies, and motivations of small‐patch deforestation in the Peruvian Amazon and argue that differentiating among these drivers is necessary to develop appropriate policy responses. We call for researchers to revisit assumptions and critically assess the motivations of observed deforestation to appropriately target policy action.
Outpatient diabetes clinical decision support: current status and future directions
Authors: O'Connor P. J. , Sperl‐Hillen J. M. , Fazio C. J. , Averbeck B. M. , Rank B. H. , Margolis K. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOutpatient clinical decision support systems have had an inconsistent impact on key aspects of diabetes care. A principal barrier to success has been low use rates in many settings. Here, we identify key aspects of clinical decision support system design, content and implementation that are related to sustained high use rates and positive impacts on glucose, blood pressure and lipid management. Current diabetes clinical decision support systems may be improved by prioritizing care recommendations, improving communication of treatment‐relevant information to patients, using such systems for care coordination and case management and integrating patient‐reported information and data from remote devices into clinical decision algorithms and interfaces.
Telemedicine for the acute management of stroke in Burgundy, France: an evaluation of effectiveness and safety
Authors: Legris N. , Hervieu‐Bègue M. , Daubail B. , Daumas A. , Delpont B. , Osseby G.‐V. , Rouaud O. , Giroud M. , Béjot Y. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundIn the context of the development of telemedicine in France to address low thrombolysis rates and limited stroke infrastructures, a star‐shaped telestroke network was implemented in Burgundy (1.6 million inhabitants). We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of this network for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke patients.MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐two consecutive patients who received intravenous thrombolysis during a telemedicine procedure (2012–2014) and 222 consecutive patients who were treated at the stroke center of Dijon University Hospital, France (2011–2012) were included. Main outcomes were the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score and case fatality at 3 months. Comparisons between groups were made using multivariable ordinal logistic regression and logistic regression analyses, respectively.ResultsBaseline characteristics of telethrombolysis patients were similar to those of patients undergoing thrombolysis locally except for a higher frequency of previous cancer and pre‐morbid handicap, and a trend towards greater severity at admission in the former. The distribution of mRS scores at 3 months was similar between groups, as were case‐fatality rates (18.9% in the telethrombolysis group versus 16.5%, P = 0.56). In multivariable models, telethrombolysis did not independently influence functional outcomes at 3 months (odds ratio for a shift towards a worse outcome on the mRS, 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.74–1.66, P = 0.62) or death (odds ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.44–1.69, P = 0.66).ConclusionThe implementation of a regional telemedicine network for the management of acute ischemic stroke appeared to be effective and safe. Thanks to this network, the proportion of patients who benefit from thrombolysis will increase. Further research is needed to evaluate economic benefits.
Clinical significance of BRAF mutation status in circulating tumor DNA of metastatic melanoma patients at baseline
Authors: Knol Anne C. , Vallée Audrey , Herbreteau Guillaume , Nguyen Jean‐Michel , Varey Emilie , Gaultier Aurélie , Théoleyre Sandrine , Saint‐Jean Mélanie , Peuvrel Lucie , Brocard Anabelle , Quéreux Gaëlle , Khammari Amir , Denis Marc G. , Dréno Brigitte 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCirculating tumor DNA is a promising non‐invasive tool for cancer monitoring. The main objective of our work was to investigate the relationship between mutant BRAF DNA in plasma and clinical response. Thirty‐eight stage IV patients with a V600 mutated BRAF melanoma were included prior to any treatment. DNA was extracted from plasma and mutant DNA was detected using the amplification‐refractory mutation system method. Before the beginning of any treatment, the corresponding BRAF mutation was detected in 29 of the 38 tested plasma samples (76.3% positive per cent agreement). We observed a strong correlation between the presence of circulating mutated DNA and overall survival (OS; P=.02), and with the number of metastatic sites (P=.01). The presence of circulating mutated DNA was also strongly correlated with serum LDH activity (P<.01) and S100 protein concentration (P<.01). Finally, seven patients presented discordant BRAF status in different tumor sites. In all these patients, the test performed on ctDNA was positive, suggesting that ctDNA analysis might be less sensitive to tumor heterogeneity. Altogether, these results suggest that plasmatic mutant BRAF DNA is a prognostic factor of OS, correlated with tumor burden. In addition, it represents an interesting alternative source of DNA to detect BRAF mutations before treatment.