bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequence Alterations of I(Ks) Potassium Channel Genes in Kazakhstani Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Akilzhanova Ainur , Rakhimova Saule , Abilova Zhannur , Nuralinov Omirbek , Rashbayeva Gulzhaina , Abdrakhmanov Ayan , Bekbosynova Mahabbat 
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia, and it results in significant morbidity and mortality. However, the pathogenesis of AF remains unclear to date. Recently, more pieces of evidence indicated that AF is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction between environmental factors and genetics. Recent studies suggest that genetic mutation of the slow delayed rectifier potassium channel (I(Ks)) may underlie AF.Objective. To investigate sequence alterations of I(Ks) potassium channel genes KCNQ1, KCNE1 and KCNE2 in Kazakhstani patients with atrial fibrillation.Methods. Genomic DNA of 69 cases with atrial fibrillation and 27 relatives were analyzed for mutations in all protein-coding exons and their flanking splice site regions of the genes KCNQ1 (NM_000218.2 and NM_181798.1), KCNE1 (NM_000219.2), and KCNE2 (NM_172201.1) using bidirectional sequencing on the ABI 3730xL DNA Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA).Results. In total, a disease-causing mutation was identified in 39 of the 69 (56.5%) index cases. Of these, altered sequence variants in the KCNQ1 gene accounted for 14.5% of the mutations, whereas a KCNE1 mutation accounted for 43.5% of the mutations and KCNE2 mutation accounted for 1.4% of the mutations. The majority of the distinct mutations were found in a single case (80%), whereas 20% of the mutations were observed more than once. We found two sequence variants in KCNQ1 exon 13 (S546S G1638A) and exon 16 (Y662Y, C1986T) in ten patients (14.5%). In KCNE1 gene in exon 3 mutation, S59G A280G was observed in 30 of 69 patients (43.5%) and KCNE2 exon 2 T10K C29A in 1 patient (1.4%). Genetic cascade screening of 27 relatives to the 69 index cases with an identified mutation revealed 26.9% mutation carriers who were at risk of cardiac events such as syncope or sudden unexpected death.Conclusion. In this cohort of Kazakhstani index cases with AF, a disease-causing mutation was identified in 56.5 % of the referred patients. Further screening of mutations in other genes encoding cardiac ion channels is needed to clarify possible disease causing and founder mutations in Kazakhstani atrial fibrillation patients.
“We Cannot Content Ourselves with Remaining Spectators”: Musical Performance, Audience Interaction, and Nostalgia in the Films of David Lynch
Authors: Reed Katherine M. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article examines David Lynch’s appropriation of pre-existing popular music as a means to engender a new mode of reception in his films. The director’s uses of Roy Orbison hits serve as case studies for the semiotic analysis of this unique film/spectator interaction.
Economic Growth and Infrastructure Investments in Energy and Transportation: A Causality Interpretation of China’s Western Development Strategy
Authors: Shiu Alice , Li Raymond , Woo Chi-Keung 
Published: January 2016

Were the large investments in energy and transportation infrastructure effective in fostering economic growth? Or did economic growth trigger these infrastructure developments? To answer these questions, we develop a simple model of production capacity constraints and use China’s Western Development Strategy (WDS) as an example to investigate how the relationships among energy investment, transportation infrastructure expansion and economic growth differ in the pre- and post-WDS periods. Our Granger causality analysis uses a panel data sample for China’s 30 provinces in the Western and non-Western regions for the period of 1991-2012. We find Granger causality only in the post-WDS period from transportation infrastructure expansion to economic growth and from economic growth to energy investment. These results suggest energy and transportation capacity constraints in the post-WDS period but not the pre-WDS period. Their policy implication is that China should continue its energy and transportation infrastructure investments with improved coordination.
De jaarrekeningplicht van een ontbonden rechtspersoon – een nadere duiding (gevraagd)
Authors: de Wit E.H. 
Published: January 2016

De jaarrekeningplicht van een ontbonden rechtspersoon – een nadere duiding (gevraagd)
In de literatuur is discussie over de vraag of de jaarrekeningverplichtingen van toepassing zijn voor rechtspersonen in liquidatie. In deze bijdrage bespreekt de auteur wat deze discussie feitelijk betekent voor de praktijk, en doet voorstellen tot een nadere invulling van en aanvulling op de geldende wettelijke regelingen.
Gefaalde scheiding
Authors: Keijzer T.A. , de Kluiver C.C. 
Published: January 2016

Gefaalde scheiding
Op 29 september 2015 wees het Hof Den Bosch arrest over afgeleide schade. In deze bijdrage gaan de auteurs in op de bredere casus. Eerst wordt de keuze voor de enquêteprocedure en de toepassing daarvan besproken. Vervolgens wordt het aspect van vennootschappelijke concurrentie behandeld, door vergelijking met het leerstuk van corporate opportunity. Tot slot komen het leerstuk van afgeleide schade en de daarvoor belangrijke vraag of een bestuurder de opzet heeft gehad om aandeelhouders te benadelen aan bod.
La nouvelle informalité et la flexibilité du travail au Brésil
Authors: Lima Jacob Carlos , Rangel Felipe , Yerochewski Carole 
Published: January 2016

L’objet de cet article est de discuter la question de la nouvelle informalité au Brésil, ainsi que de nourrir la réflexion sur les nouvelles identités sociales construites dans cette situation. En termes empiriques, notre découpage privilégie : a) le travail informel dans les pôles de production de l’habillement (confection et chaussures) ; b) le commerce ambulant, qualifié aussi de « transnational », constitué par des personnes engagées dans la commercialisation de produits bon marché « mondiaux », qui achètent des marchandises au-delà des frontières nationales et les revendent dans les villes brésiliennes. La recherche a été réalisée entre 2011 et 2014 et consiste en visites exploratoires dans les lieux de production et commercialisation, en observations du travail et en entrevues avec des travailleurs, auxquels s’ajoutent des données secondaires obtenues auprès des institutions publiques et privées.
Les récupérateurs de déchets à Casablanca : l’« inclusion perverse » de travailleurs à la marge
Authors: Florin Bénédicte 
Published: January 2016

Cet article se fonde sur des entretiens menés auprès des récupérateurs de Casablanca qui sillonnent la ville pour y collecter les déchets recyclables ou qui travaillent sur la principale décharge de la métropole marocaine. Du fait de leur activité liée au déchet et des caractéristiques de leur espace de vie, ces récupérateurs sont clairement à la marge de la ville et en marge de la société. Pour autant, leur travail est étroitement imbriqué au secteur formel qui fonctionne grâce à cette main-d’oeuvre à bas prix dans une forme d’« inclusion perverse » où l’exclu est cependant à l’intérieur d’un système qui repose sur lui (Sawaia, 1999). Nous analysons ci-dessous les relations entre les acteurs (récupérateurs, secteur privé et pouvoirs publics) en mettant en exergue ce qui, dans les pratiques professionnelles, brouille les frontières entre le formel et l’informel, entre le visible et l’invisible, réinterrogeant ainsi la notion de marge. Enfin, cette porosité se traduit par des difficiles tentatives de sortie de la marge, via la résistance et la mobilisation, par les récupérateurs.
Les aspirations des travailleuses de la garde d’enfants en milieu familial
Authors: D’Amours Martine 
Published: January 2016

Le présent article porte sur une forme particulière de travail de soins, soit la garde d’enfants à domicile, telle qu’elle est exercée dans le cadre institutionnel québécois. Après avoir exposé la précarité des conditions d’emploi de celles qui exercent cette activité, formellement à titre de travailleuses indépendantes, il met l’accent sur l’appréciation subjective qu’elles en ont : quelle importance accordent-elles aux marges d’autonomie procurées par leur statut ? Quelles voies privilégient-elles pour améliorer les conditions d’exercice de leur activité ? Comment envisagent-elles leur avenir professionnel ? Les résultats issus d’une enquête réalisée en 2011 auprès de 3 769 responsables de services de garde en milieu familial révèlent une importante diversité à cet égard, expliquée par l’imbrication des inégalités construites dans la trajectoire professionnelle, de la division du travail au sein de la famille et de l’expérience de la migration.
Effects of Mo surface oxidation on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells fabricated by three-stage process with KF postdeposition treatment
Authors: Kamikawa Yukiko , Nishinaga Jiro , Ishizuka Shogo , Shibata Hajime , Niki Shigeru 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The surface oxidation condition of the Mo back contact on a soda lime glass (SLG) substrate was varied by air annealing and chemical etching. Then, the evolution of a photovoltaic property was studied for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells grown by a three stage process with KF postdeposition treatment. Upon the removal of the oxidized layer from the Mo surface by chemical etching, the c-axis orientation of MoSe2 tended to be random, whereas the c-axis was perpendicular when the Mo surface was oxidized. An enhancement of the diffusion of Na and K from SLG to CIGS was observed upon removing the molybdenum oxide, which functions as a barrier to alkali-metal diffusion. The varied orientation of MoSe2 can also affect the alkali-metal diffusion kinetics. The open-circuit voltage (V
OC) markedly increased after removing the oxidized layer from the Mo surface, mainly as a result of an increase in carrier density in CIGS.
Room-temperature deposition of HfNx barrier by radical-assisted surface reaction for through-silicon-via in three-dimensional LSI
Authors: Sato Masaru , Takeyama Mayumi B. , Noya Atsushi 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We have demonstrated the preparation of a low-temperature-deposited HfN
x
film as a diffusion barrier applicable to the Cu-through-silicon-via. The sputter deposition of the Hf film without substrate heating and the subsequent radical-assisted surface nitridation reaction successfully forms a thin film of Hf3N2 in a single phase; this so far has not been obtained by reactive sputtering. The obtained phase is actually stable at temperatures up to 500 °C and shows excellent barrier properties comparable to those of the HfN barrier interposed between Cu and SiO2, deposited by reactive sputtering at 350–400 °C.
Heat and momentum transport scalings in horizontal convection
Authors: Shishkina Olga , Grossmann Siegfried , Lohse Detlef 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn a horizontal convection (HC) system heat is supplied and removed exclusively through a single, top, or bottom, surface of a fluid layer. It is commonly agreed that in the studied Rayleigh number (Ra) range, the convective heat transport, measured by the Nusselt number, follows the Rossby (1965) scaling, which is based on the assumptions that the HC flows are laminar and determined by their boundary layers. However, the universality of this scaling is questionable, as these flows are observed to become more turbulent with increasing Ra. Here we propose a theoretical model for heat and momentum transport scalings with Ra, which is based on the Grossmann and Lohse (2000) ideas, applied to HC flows. The obtained multiple scaling regimes include in particular the Rossby scaling and the ultimate scaling by Siggers et al. (2004). Our results have bearing on the understanding of the convective processes in many geophysical systems and engineering applications.
Codetection of acoustic emissions during failure of heterogeneous media: New perspectives for natural hazard early warning
Authors: Faillettaz Jerome , Or Dani , Reiweger Ingrid 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA simple method for real‐time early warning of gravity‐driven rupture that considers both the heterogeneity of natural media and characteristics of acoustic emissions attenuation is proposed. The method capitalizes on codetection of elastic waves emanating from microcracks by multiple and spatially separated sensors. Event codetection is considered as surrogate for large event size with more frequent codetected events marking imminence of catastrophic failure. Using a spatially explicit fiber bundle numerical model with spatially correlated mechanical strength and two load redistribution rules, we constructed a range of mechanical failure scenarios and associated failure events (mapped into acoustic emission) in space and time. Analysis considering hypothetical arrays of sensors and consideration of signal attenuation demonstrate the potential of the codetection principles even for insensitive sensors to provide early warning for imminent global failure.
Average field‐aligned current configuration parameterized by solar wind conditions
Authors: Carter J. A. , Milan S. E. , Coxon J. C. , Walach M.‐T. , Anderson B. J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe present the first large‐scale comparison of the spatial distribution of field‐aligned currents as measured by the Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment, with the location and brightness of the average auroral oval, determined from the Imager for Magnetopause‐to‐Aurora Global Exploration far ultraviolet instrument. These distributions are compared under the same interplanetary magnetic field magnitude and clock angle conditions. The field‐aligned currents and auroral oval drop to lower latitudes, as the interplanetary magnetic field becomes both increasingly stronger in magnitude and increasingly southward. We find that the region 2 currents are more closely aligned with the distribution of auroral UV emission, whether that be in the discrete auroral zone about dusk or in the postmidnight diffuse aurora sector. The lack of coincidence between the region 1 field‐aligned currents with the auroral oval in the dusk sector is contrary to expectation.
Seismic parameters of hcp‐Fe alloyed with Ni and Si in the Earth's inner core
Authors: Liu Jin , Lin Jung‐Fu , Alatas Ahmet , Hu Michael Y. , Zhao Jiyong , Dubrovinsky Leonid 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIron alloyed with Ni and Si has been suggested to be a major component of the Earth's inner core. High‐pressure results on the combined alloying effects of Ni and Si on seismic parameters of iron are thus essential for establishing satisfactory geophysical and geochemical models of the region. Here we have investigated the compressional (VP) and shear (Vs) wave velocity‐density (ρ) relations, Poisson's ratio (ν), and seismic heterogeneity ratios (dlnρ/dlnVP, dlnρ/dlnVS, and dlnVP/dlnVS) of hcp‐Fe and hcp‐Fe86.8Ni8.6Si4.6 alloy up to 206 GPa and 136 GPa, respectively, using multiple complementary techniques. Compared with the literature velocity values for hcp‐Fe and Fe‐Ni‐Si alloys, our results show that the combined addition of 9.0 wt % Ni and 2.3 wt % Si slightly increases the VP but significantly decreases the VS of hcp‐Fe at a given density relevant to the inner core. Such distinct alloying effects on velocities of hcp‐Fe produce a high ν of about 0.40 for the alloy at inner core densities, which is approximately 20% higher than that for hcp‐Fe. Analysis of the literature high P‐T results on VP and VS of Fe alloyed with light elements shows that high temperature can further enhance the ν of hcp‐Fe alloyed with Ni and Si. Most significantly, the derived seismic heterogeneity ratios of this hcp alloy present a better match with global seismic observations. Our results provide a multifactored geophysical constraint on the compositional model of the inner core which is consistent with silicon being a major light element alloyed with Fe and 5 wt % Ni.
Large eddies modulating flux convergence and divergence in a disturbed unstable atmospheric surface layer
Authors: Gao Zhongming , Liu Heping , Russell Eric S. , Huang Jianping , Foken Thomas , Oncley Steven P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe effects of large eddies on turbulence structures and flux transport were studied using data collected over a flat cotton field during the Energy Balance Experiment 2000 in the San Joaquin Valley of California in August 2000. Flux convergence (FC; larger fluxes at 8.7 m than 2.7 m) and divergence (FD) in latent heat flux (LE) were observed in a disturbed, unstable atmospheric surface layer, and their magnitudes largely departed from the prediction of Monin‐Obukhov similarity theory. From our wavelet analysis, it was identified that large eddies affected turbulence structures, scalar distribution, and flux transport differently at 8.7 m and 2.7 m under the FC and FD conditions. Using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition, time series data were decomposed into large eddies and small‐scale background turbulence, the time‐domain characteristics of large eddies were examined, and the flux contribution by large eddies was also determined quantitatively. The results suggest that large eddies over the frequency range of 0.002 Hz < f < 0.02 Hz (predominantly 300–400 m) enhanced the vertical velocity spectra more significantly at 8.7 m than 2.7 m, leading to an increased magnitude of the cospectra and thus LE at 8.7 m. In the FD case, however, these large eddies were not present and even suppressed in the vertical velocity spectra at 8.7 m. Consequently, the cospectra divergence over the low‐frequency ranges primarily caused the LE divergence. This work implies that large eddies may either improve or degrade the surface energy balance closure by increasing or decreasing turbulent fluxes, respectively.
A two Turbulence Kinetic Energy model as a scale‐adaptive approach to modeling the planetary boundary layer
Authors: Bhattacharya Ritthik , Stevens Bjorn 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA two Turbulence Kinetic Energy (2TKE) model is developed to address the boundary layer “grey zone” problem. The model combines ideas from local and nonlocal models into a single energetically consistent framework. By applying the Reynolds averaging to the large eddy simulation (LES) equations that employ Deardorff's subgrid TKE, we arrive at a system of equations for the boundary layer quantities and two turbulence kinetic energies: one which encapsulates the TKE of large boundary‐layer‐scale eddies and another which represents the energy of eddies subgrid to the vertical grid size of a typical large‐scale model. These two energies are linked via the turbulent cascade of energy from larger to smaller scales and are used to model the mixing in the boundary layer. The model is evaluated for three dry test cases and found to compare favorably to large eddy simulations. The usage of two TKEs for mixing helps reduce the dependency of the model on the vertical grid scale as well as on the free tropospheric stability and facilitates a smoother transition from convective to stable regimes. The usage of two TKEs representing two ranges of scales satisfies the prerequisite for modeling the boundary layer in the “grey zone”: an idea that is explored further in a companion paper.
Cost of riparian buffer zones: A comparison of hydrologically adapted site‐specific riparian buffers with traditional fixed widths
Authors: Tiwari T. , Lundström J. , Kuglerová L. , Laudon H. , Öhman K. , Ågren A. M. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTraditional approaches aiming at protecting surface waters from the negative impacts of forestry often focus on retaining fixed width buffer zones around waterways. While this method is relatively simple to design and implement, it has been criticized for ignoring the spatial heterogeneity of biogeochemical processes and biodiversity in the riparian zone. Alternatively, a variable width buffer zone adapted to site‐specific hydrological conditions has been suggested to improve the protection of biogeochemical and ecological functions of the riparian zone. However, little is known about the monetary value of maintaining hydrologically adapted buffer zones compared to the traditionally used fixed width ones. In this study, we created a hydrologically adapted buffer zone by identifying wet areas and groundwater discharge hotspots in the riparian zone. The opportunity cost of the hydrologically adapted riparian buffer zones was then compared to that of the fixed width zones in a meso‐scale boreal catchment to determine the most economical option of designing riparian buffers. The results show that hydrologically adapted buffer zones were cheaper per hectare than the fixed width ones when comparing the total cost. This was because the hydrologically adapted buffers included more wetlands and low productive forest areas than the fixed widths. As such, the hydrologically adapted buffer zones allows more effective protection of the parts of the riparian zones that are ecologically and biogeochemically important and more sensitive to disturbances without forest landowners incurring any additional cost than fixed width buffers.
Children as Earwitnesses: Memory for Emotional Auditory Events
Authors: Burrell Lisa Victoria , Johnson Miriam Sinkerud , Melinder Annika 
Published: January 2016

SummaryWe examined the influence of age and emotionality of auditory stimuli on long‐term memory for environmental sound events. Sixty children aged 7–11 years were presented with two environmental sound events: an emotional car crash and a neutral event, someone brushing their teeth. The sound events comprised six individual environmental sounds, and the participants passively listened to the sound events through a headset. After a two‐week delay, participants performed a cued recall task and a recognition task. Independent of age, children were notably poor at recalling the sound events. Children recalled and recognized significantly more sounds from the emotional sound event than the neutral sound event. Additionally, the older children performed the recall task better than the younger children. The present findings confirm and expand the previously reported superiority of emotional material in memory.Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved Second Generation Iron Pincer Complexes for Effective Ester Hydrogenation
Authors: Elangovan Saravanakumar , Wendt Bianca , Topf Christoph , Bachmann Stephan , Scalone Michelangelo , Spannenberg Anke , Jiao Haijun , Baumann Wolfgang , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias 
Published: January 2016

AbstractHydrogenation of esters to alcohols with a well‐defined iron iPr2PNP pincer complex has been recently reported by us and other groups. We now introduce a novel and sterically less hindered Et2PNP congener that provides superior catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of various carboxylic acid esters and lactones compared to the known complex. Successful hydrogenation proceeds under relatively mild conditions (60 °C) with lower catalyst loadings.magnified image