bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Accuracy of Handheld Dynamometry and 1-Repetition-Maximum Tests for Identifying Meaningful Quadriceps Strength Asymmetries
Authors: Sinacore J. Anthony , Evans Andrew M. , Lynch Brittany N. , Joreitz Richard E. , Irrgang James J. , Lynch Andrew D. 
Published: February 2017

Study Design Clinical measurement, cross-sectional. Background Quadriceps deficits are common in individuals with knee joint impairments and impact functional and quality-of-life outcomes. Quadriceps strength symmetry influences clinical decisions after knee injury. Isometric electromechanical dynamometry (ISO-ED) is the gold standard for measuring symmetry, but is not available in all clinical settings. Objectives To compare concurrent validity of handheld dynamometry and 1-repetition-maximum leg press, knee extension from 90° to 0°, and knee extension from 90° to 45° to that of ISO-ED in identifying meaningful quadriceps strength deficits. Methods Fifty-six participants with knee joint impairments completed ISO-ED and 4 alternative measures of quadriceps strength symmetry in a single session. Absolute agreement of alternative measures with ISO-ED was calculated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Clinical agreement values at thresholds of 80% and 90% symmetry were compared between the alternatives and ISO-ED. Results Knee extension from 90° to 45° (ICC = 0.67) and handheld dynamometry (ICC = 0.70) had the greatest ICCs. Clinical agreement was also best for these measures for 80% symmetry (κ = 0.56 and 0.55, respectively) and 90% symmetry (κ = 0.19 and 0.33, respectively). Conclusion Handheld dynamometry and 1-repetition-maximum testing of knee extension from 90° to 45° are fair alternatives, although symmetry is typically overestimated. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified alternative measure thresholds that correlated with the 80% and 90% symmetry thresholds on the ISO-ED. Clinicians should use more stringent symmetry values for these alternative tests to increase the probability that individuals have a minimum ISO-ED symmetry of 80% or 90%. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(2):97–107. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6651
Benign Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Distance Runner
Authors: Stanley Laura E. , Berkoff David J. 
Published: February 2017

A 31-year-old female runner presented to physical therapy via direct access with an 8-month history of atraumatic left lateral calf pain. Following 1 month of physical therapy, the patient was referred to an orthopaedic sports medicine physician. Ultrasound imaging revealed a 2-cm hypoechoic mass with well-defined margins in the left proximal lateral soleus, while Doppler ultrasound demonstrated increased color flow surrounding the mass. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were consistent with a nerve sheath tumor, and ultrasound-guided tissue biopsy determined the mass to be a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(2):125. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6780
Bone loss of vertebral bodies at the operative segment after cervical arthroplasty: a potential complication?
Authors: Heo Dong Hwa , Lee Dong Chan , Oh Jong Yang , Park Choon Keun 
Published: February 2017

OBJECTIVE
Bony overgrowth and spontaneous fusion are complications of cervical arthroplasty. In contrast, bone loss or bone remodeling of vertebral bodies at the operation segment after cervical arthroplasty has also been observed. The purpose of this study is to investigate a potential complication—bone loss of the anterior portion of the vertebral bodies at the surgically treated segment after cervical total disc replacement (TDR)—and discuss the clinical significance.

METHODS
All enrolled patients underwent follow-up for more than 24 months after cervical arthroplasty using the Baguera C disc. Clinical evaluations included recording demographic data and measuring the visual analog scale and Neck Disability Index scores. Radiographic evaluations included measurements of the functional spinal unit's range of motion and changes such as bone loss and bone remodeling. The grading of the bone loss of the operative segment was classified as follows: Grade 1, disappearance of the anterior osteophyte or small minor bone loss; Grade 2, bone loss of the anterior portion of the vertebral bodies at the operation segment without exposure of the artificial disc; or Grade 3, significant bone loss with exposure of the anterior portion of the artificial disc.

RESULTS
Forty-eight patients were enrolled in this study. Among them, bone loss developed in 29 patients (Grade 1 in 15 patients, Grade 2 in 6 patients, and Grade 3 in 8 patients). Grade 3 bone loss was significantly associated with postoperative neck pain (p < 0.05). Bone loss was related to the motion preservation effect of the operative segment after cervical arthroplasty in contrast to heterotopic ossification.

CONCLUSIONS
Bone loss may be a potential complication of cervical TDR and affect early postoperative neck pain. However, it did not affect mid- to long-term clinical outcomes or prosthetic failure at the last follow-up. Also, this phenomenon may result in the motion preservation effect in the operative segment after cervical TDR.
Adjacent-level arthroplasty following cervical fusion
Authors: Rajakumar Deshpande V. , Hari Akshay , Krishna Murali , Konar Subhas , Sharma Ankit 
Published: February 2017

OBJECTIVE
Adjacent-level disc degeneration following cervical fusion has been well reported. This condition poses a major treatment dilemma when it becomes symptomatic. The potential application of cervical arthroplasty to preserve motion in the affected segment is not well documented, with few studies in the literature. The authors present their initial experience of analyzing clinical and radiological results in such patients who were treated with arthroplasty for new or persistent arm and/or neck symptoms related to neural compression due to adjacent-segment disease after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

METHODS
During a 5-year period, 11 patients who had undergone ACDF anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and subsequently developed recurrent neck or arm pain related to adjacent-level cervical disc disease were treated with cervical arthroplasty at the authors' institution. A total of 15 devices were implanted (range of treated levels per patient: 1–3).
Clinical evaluation was performed both before and after surgery, using a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Radiological outcomes were analyzed using pre- and postoperative flexion/extension lateral radiographs measuring Cobb angle (overall C2–7 sagittal alignment), functional spinal unit (FSU) angle, and range of motion (ROM).

RESULTS
There were no major perioperative complications or device-related failures. Statistically significant results, obtained in all cases, were reflected by an improvement in VAS scores for neck/arm pain and NDI scores for neck pain. Radiologically, statistically significant increases in the overall lordosis (as measured by Cobb angle) and ROM at the treated disc level were observed. Three patients were lost to follow-up within the first year after arthroplasty. In the remaining 8 cases, the duration of follow-up ranged from 1 to 3 years. None of these 8 patients required surgery for the same vertebral level during the follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONS
Artificial cervical disc replacement in patients who have previously undergone cervical fusion surgery appears to be safe, with encouraging early clinical results based on this small case series, but more data from larger numbers of patients with long-term follow-up are needed. Arthroplasty may provide an additional tool for the management of post-fusion adjacent-level cervical disc disease in carefully selected patients.
Isolation by distance and stochastic migration in a fragmented population ofProsopis alba
Authors: Roser Leandro G. , Ferreyra Laura I. , Ewens Mauricio , Vilardi Juan C. , Saidman Beatriz O. 
Published: February 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Gene flow through dispersal of seeds and pollen is a fundamental determinant of spatial genetic structure (SGS) in natural populations of trees at different spatial scales. Within continuous populations, restrictions to gene flow should be manifested in a process of local genetic differentiation, known as isolation by distance. The present work examines the SGS of aProsopis albapopulation in a patchy region where urban, forest, and agricultural areas coexist. The analysis discussed here expands our knowledge about the processes affecting the distribution of the genetic variability in populations of disturbed landscapes.METHODS:Three sites with different landscape and demographic characteristics were analyzed. Seven highly variable microsatellite markers were used to survey the relevance of both isolation by distance and stochastic migration in the SGS of the population.KEY RESULTS:The analyses showed that (1) the genetic similarity declined with increasing geographic distance, (2) the population may be conceived as a single genetically continuous unit showing spatial differentiation as consequence of isolation by distance, rather than a structured population following the island model, and (3) there is evidence supporting a past immigration event into one of the study sites, which promoted a local pattern of genetic structure.CONCLUSIONS:These results indicate that in spite of the population fragmentation produced by land‐use changes,P. albamaintains the genetic cohesion and a continuous genetic structure in the analyzed area.
Complex patterns of multiple biomineralization in single‐celled plant trichomes of the Loasaceae
Authors: Ensikat Hans‐Jürgen , Mustafa Adeel , Weigend Maximilian 
Published: February 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Plants of the family Loasaceae are characterized by a usually dense indument of various trichome types, including two basically different types of mineralized, unicellular trichomes (stinging hairs or setae and scabrid‐glochidiate trichomes). Mineralized trichomes have long been known to have silicified or calcified walls, but recent studies demonstrated that trichomes of Loasaceae may also contain calcium phosphate. The current study investigates the distribution of different biominerals in the mineralized trichomes across several different taxa.METHODS:Plants from cultivation were studied with scanning electron microscopy including energy dispersive x‐ray analyses and element mapping.KEY RESULTS:The vast majority of the 31 species investigated had at least two different biominerals in their trichomes, and 22 had three different biominerals in their trichomes. Thirty of the species had calcium phosphate in their trichomes. Loasa was mostly free of silica, but contained calcium phosphate in trichome tips and barbs, whereas calcium phosphate and silica were found in representatives of other genera of the family (Blumenbachia, Caiophora, Nasa).CONCLUSIONS:Biomineralization is remarkably diversified between species, different trichome types and parts of the same trichome. Individual genera largely had different patterns of biomineralization. The presence of three biominerals in the trichomes of the basally branching Eucnide urens indicates either an early evolution and subsequent loss or several independent origins of multiple biomineralization. Differential biomineralization of the parts of individual, unicellular trichomes clearly indicates an extraordinary degree of physiological control over this process.
THE M DWARF ECLIPSING BINARY CU CANCRI
Authors: Wilson R. E. , Pilachowski C. A. , Terrell Dirk 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
Spectral features, radial velocities, elemental abundance estimates, other spectral data, and BVI

C
light curves are reported for the double-M dwarf eclipsing binary CU Cancri—a good target for a radius check versus the Zero Age Main Sequence (ZAMS) due to the low component masses and corresponding very slow evolutionary expansion. The estimate of [Fe/H] is about 0.4, although continuum placement and other difficulties due to line crowding introduce the usual uncertainties for red dwarfs. Detection of the Li i
λ6707 line was attempted, with an estimated upper limit of 50 mÅ. Spectral and photometric indicators of stellar activity are described and illustrated. Other objectives were to measure the stellar radii via simultaneous velocity and light-curve solutions of earlier and new data while also improving the ephemeris by filling gaps in timewise coverage with the new velocities and eclipse data from the new light curves. The radii from our solutions agree within about 2% with those from Ribas, being slightly larger than expected for most estimates of the ZAMS. Some aspects of the red dwarf radius anomaly are briefly discussed. Evolution tracks show only very slight age-related expansion for masses near those in CU Cnc. Such expansion could be significant if CU Cnc were similar in age to the Galaxy, but then its Galactic velocity components should be representative of Population II, and they are not.
n-gon Equilibria of the Discrete
-body Problem
Authors: Minesaki Yukitaka 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We prove that the discrete-time general

-body problem (d-G

BP) proposed by Minesaki can exactly trace the orbits of elliptic relative equilibrium solutions in the original general

-body problem (G

BP). These orbits include the orbits of relative equilibrium solutions that have already been discovered. Before this proof, no discrete-time system had been shown to retain the orbits of elliptic relative equilibrium solutions in

BP. d-G

BP can also precisely reproduce doubly symmetric orbits of the general

-body problem, each of which passes near a square equilibrium solution over a long time interval.
A Condensation–coalescence Cloud Model for Exoplanetary Atmospheres: Formulation and Test Applications to Terrestrial and Jovian Clouds
Authors: Ohno Kazumasa , Okuzumi Satoshi 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A number of transiting exoplanets have featureless transmission spectra that might suggest the presence of clouds at high altitudes. A realistic cloud model is necessary to understand the atmospheric conditions under which such high-altitude clouds can form. In this study, we present a new cloud model that takes into account the microphysics of both condensation and coalescence. Our model provides the vertical profiles of the size and density of cloud and rain particles in an updraft for a given set of physical parameters, including the updraft velocity and the number density of cloud condensation nuclei (CCNs). We test our model by comparing with observations of trade-wind cumuli on Earth and ammonia ice clouds in Jupiter. For trade-wind cumuli, the model including both condensation and coalescence gives predictions that are consistent with observations, while the model including only condensation overestimates the mass density of cloud droplets by up to an order of magnitude. For Jovian ammonia clouds, the condensation–coalescence model simultaneously reproduces the effective particle radius, cloud optical thickness, and cloud geometric thickness inferred from Voyager observations if the updraft velocity and CCN number density are taken to be consistent with the results of moist convection simulations and Galileo probe measurements, respectively. These results suggest that the coalescence of condensate particles is important not only in terrestrial water clouds but also in Jovian ice clouds. Our model will be useful to understand how the dynamics, compositions, and nucleation processes in exoplanetary atmospheres affect the vertical extent and optical thickness of exoplanetary clouds via cloud microphysics.
Pulsational Pair-instability Model for Superluminous Supernova PTF12dam:Interaction and Radioactive Decay
Authors: Tolstov Alexey , Nomoto Ken’ichi , Blinnikov Sergei , Sorokina Elena , Quimby Robert , Baklanov Petr 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Being a superluminous supernova, PTF12dam can be explained by a 56Ni-powered model, a magnetar-powered model, or an interaction model. We propose that PTF12dam is a pulsational pair-instability supernova, where the outer envelope of a progenitor is ejected during the pulsations. Thus, it is powered by a double energy source: radioactive decay of 56Ni and a radiative shock in a dense circumstellar medium. To describe multicolor light curves and spectra, we use radiation-hydrodynamics calculations of the STELLA code. We found that light curves are well described in the model with 40 M
⊙ ejecta and 20–40 M
⊙ circumstellar medium. The ejected 56Ni mass is about 6 M
⊙, which results from explosive nucleosynthesis with large explosion energy (2–3) × 1052 erg. In comparison with alternative scenarios of pair-instability supernova and magnetar-powered supernova, in the interaction model, all the observed main photometric characteristics are well reproduced: multicolor light curves, color temperatures, and photospheric velocities.
Long-period Intensity Pulsations in Coronal Loops Explained by Thermal Non-equilibrium Cycles
Authors: Froment C. , Auchère F. , Aulanier G. , Mikić Z. , Bocchialini K. , Buchlin E. , Solomon J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In solar coronal loops, thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) is a phenomenon that can occur when the heating is both highly stratified and quasi-constant. Unambiguous observational identification of TNE would thus permit us to strongly constrain heating scenarios. While TNE is currently the standard interpretation of coronal rain, the long-term periodic evolution predicted by simulations has never been observed. However, the detection of long-period intensity pulsations (periods of several hours) has been recently reported with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/EIT, and this phenomenon appears to be very common in loops. Moreover, the three intensity-pulsation events that we recently studied with the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) show strong evidence for TNE in warm loops. In this paper, a realistic loop geometry from linear force-free field (LFFF) extrapolations is used as input to 1D hydrodynamic simulations. Our simulations show that, for the present loop geometry, the heating has to be asymmetrical to produce TNE. We analyze in detail one particular simulation that reproduces the average thermal behavior of one of the pulsating loop bundle observed with AIA. We compare the properties of this simulation with those deduced from the observations. The magnetic topology of the LFFF extrapolations points to the presence of sites of preferred reconnection at one footpoint, supporting the presence of asymmetric heating. In addition, we can reproduce the temporal large-scale intensity properties of the pulsating loops. This simulation further strengthens the interpretation of the observed pulsations as signatures of TNE. This consequently provides important information on the heating localization and timescale for these loops.
Pratiques vestimentaires et expressions du genre
Authors: Barrau Stéphanie 
Published: February 2017

À partir d’une étude ethnographique comparative des pratiques vestimentaires de collégien·ne·s, ce travail rend compte des effets des contextes sociaux et scolaires sur les processus de construction du genre et sur les manières diversifiées de l’investir. L’analyse questionne les processus d’identification à un groupe du même sexe et les manières dont sont intériorisées des normes et des pratiques sexuellement différenciées et hiérarchisées. Des modèles de genre pluriels coexistent et peuvent évoluer d’un milieu scolaire à l’autre, au sein d’un même milieu et d’un groupe du même sexe. Ces variations soulignent les effets de la socialisation corporelle et des différents contextes socialisateurs dans les manières différenciées de « faire le genre ».
Le projet entrepreneurial à l’école primaire : tensions inhérentes à son intégration à la forme scolaire
Authors: Pepin Matthias 
Published: February 2017

Bien qu’objet d’un discours largement incitatif à l’échelle internationale, l’introduction de l’entrepreneuriat dans le domaine éducatif ne va pas de soi. L’auteur de cet article développe l’idée selon laquelle un facteur explicatif contraignant la mise en œuvre de projets entrepreneuriaux à l’école, comme véhicules privilégiés pour y développer l’éducation entrepreneuriale, trouve sa source dans le concept de « forme scolaire ». En effet, la forme scolaire symbolise un mouvement de repli, de mise à l’écart de l’école par rapport à la société, là où les projets entrepreneuriaux représentent un mouvement d’ouverture, de réintroduction de la « vraie » vie au cœur de l’école. Les tensions qui naissent de cette rencontre entre deux logiques opposées sont au cœur du propos, illustrées par les résultats d’une recherche de doctorat en sciences de l’éducation réalisée au Québec.
Des jeunes plus ou moins prêts à devenir entrepreneurs
Authors: Dubois Fanny , Terral Philippe 
Published: February 2017

L’objectif de cette contribution est d’appréhender l’entrepreneuriat des jeunes dans le secteur du tourisme sportif. Il s’agit de saisir les différentes manières dont ces entrepreneurs « convertissent » leur pratique amateur en une activité professionnelle. L’analyse met en évidence deux principaux profils de jeunes entrepreneurs et montre les diverses manières dont se combinent nécessité et opportunité de créer une entreprise selon les parcours et les ressources accumulées par les créateurs. Les auteur·e·s étudient également les effets des dispositifs publics et privés de promotion de la création d’entreprise. Finalement, la recherche montre à quel point les pratiques culturelles des jeunes – dans ce cas les loisirs sportifs – constituent des appuis essentiels au développement de diverses formes d’entrepreneuriat.
Livre blanc — Une Science ouverte dans une République numérique — Guide stratégique
Authors: Direction de l’Information Scientifique et  
Published: February 2017

Ce guide stratégique a été construit pour jalonner et faciliter l’application de la loi « Pour une République numérique » : il est ainsi en phase avec les visées des initiateurs du Livre blanc « Une science ouverte dans une République numérique » qui ont tous souhaité associer clairement une vision nouvelle pour la recherche et une pratique qui la traduise dans les faits.

Rapport complémentaire du Livre blanc, ce guide ambitionne un accompagnement des acteurs dans des démarches souvent complexes : chercheurs, techniciens, éditeurs, usagers des résultats de la science publique ont besoin aujourd’hui d’avancer dans l'esprit de découverte qui est celui des grands projets numériques pour la science, et d'abord pour l'Investissement d’Avenir ISTEX qui en est l'élément moteur.