bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macrophages—proliferation, activation, and cell cycle proteins
Authors: Vadiveloo Peter K 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Our understanding of mammalian cell proliferation has increased enormously over the past decade. A major advance has been identification and characterization of cyclins and their catalytic partners, cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks). The following brief review highlights the role of macrophages as a cell model for many of the major advances in this field. Macrophages were central to the identification of D-type cyclins and cdk4. In addition, it appears the first work showing that cell cycle proteins are the targets for anti-proliferative agents was performed in macrophages. In these latter studies, and a number of subsequent studies in other cell types, it was shown that many anti-mitogenic agents repressed cyclin and/or cdk expression. However, recent work in this laboratory suggests macrophage D-type cyclins may also be involved in processes other than proliferation. We have unexpectedly found that macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) express high levels of cyclin D2, even though LPS simultaneously represses cyclin D1 levels and potently blocks proliferation. These data, and those showing the yeast extract Zymosan A also raises cyclin D2 levels, suggest cyclin D2 plays a role in macrophage activation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66: 579–582; 1999.
Sialic acid binding receptors (siglecs) expressed by macrophages
Authors: Munday James , Floyd Helen , Crocker Paul R 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Sialic acids are structurally and topographically well-suited to function as ligands in cellular recognition events. Sialoadhesin (Sn) is a sialic acid binding receptor uniquely expressed by macrophage subsets. It is a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily with 17 extracellular domains. Sn is a prototypical member of the siglec family of sialic acid binding proteins, which includes CD22, myelin-associated glycoprotein, CD33, and siglec-5. These membrane proteins are involved in discrete functions in the hemopoietic, immune, and nervous systems. The sialic acid binding region of siglecs is localized within the membrane-distal, amino-terminal domain and in the case of Sn, it has been characterized in atomic detail by X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and site-directed mutagenesis. Our studies on Sn indicate that this receptor is likely to function as a macrophage accessory molecule in a variety of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. CD33 and siglec-5 are also expressed on macrophage subsets as well as other myeloid cells. However, unlike Sn, the properties of these molecules indicate a predominant role in signaling functions rather than in cell-cell interactions. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66: 705–711; 1999.
Rottlerin, a PKC isozyme-selective inhibitor, affects signaling events and cytokine production in human monocytes
Authors: Kontny Ewa , Kurowska Mariola , Szczepańska Katarzyna , Maśliński Wodzimierz 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The implication of select protein kinase C (PKC) isoenzymes in cytokine production by human monocytes was investigated using an isozyme-selective inhibitor of PKC, rottlerin. We found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers cytosol-to-membrane translocation of PKCα and δ isoenzymes, whereas phorbol ester (PMA) induces translocation of several PKC isoforms. Moreover, we show that in LPS- and PMA-stimulated monocytes rottlerin affects several cellular responses. (1) At low (15 μM) concentration it blocks translocation of PKCδ, diminishes DNA binding activity of AP-1 transcription factor, and attenuates cytokine production [tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) &gt; interleukin-1β (IL-1β)]. (2) At high (50 μM) concentration it prevents translocation of PKCα, and subsequently inhibits ERK1/ERK2 phosphorylation, DNA binding activities of AP-1 and nuclear factor-κB transcription factors, and the production of both tested cytokines. Thus, we propose that cytosol-to-membrane translocation of PKCα and PKδ isoenzymes may represent early steps in the signaling cascades that lead to TNF-α and IL-1β production in human monocytes. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 249–258; 2000.
Human mast cell migration in response to members of the transforming growth factor-β family
Authors: Olsson Niclas , Piek Ester , ten Dijke Peter , Nilsson Gunnar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Mast cells are known to accumulate at sites of inflammation, however, the chemotaxins involved remain largely undefined. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) isoforms regulate numerous cellular functions, including cell growth and differentiation, formation of extracellular matrix, and the immune response. In this study we have compared the potency of different members of the TGF-β family as human mast cell chemotaxins, and analyzed the expression of TGF-β binding proteins on human mast cells. We were able to demonstrate that the maximal chemotactic response was attained at approximately 40 fM for the three TGF-β isoforms, with TGF-β3 being more effective than TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 at this concentration. This effect was observed in both the HMC-1 human mast cell line and in cultured primary mast cells. In addition, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and less efficiently, TGF-β3 inhibited the proliferation of HMC-1 cells. The migratory response is probably mediated through interaction with the TGF-β serine/threonine type I and II receptors that were found to be expressed on the cells. No expression of TGF-β type III receptor, endoglin, or the endothelial TGF-β type I receptor ALK-1 could be detected. These results provide evidence that TGF-β isoforms are highly potent chemotaxins for human mast cells and can play an important role in the recruitment of mast cells in inflammatory reactions. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 350–356; 2000.
Serum amyloid A is an activator of PMN antimicrobial functions: induction of degranulation, phagocytosis, and enhancement of anti-Candida activity
Authors: Badolato Raffaele , Wang Ji Ming , Stornello Sarah-Linnéa , Ponzi Alessandro Negro , Duse Marzia , Musso Tiziana 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a 12-kDa protein secreted in large amounts by liver cells during microbial infections or inflammatory diseases. We have recently reported that SAA induces chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), monocytes, and T lymphocytes and stimulates their adhesion to endothelial monolayers. In this study, we investigated whether SAA regulates PMN antimicrobial activities. We found that recombinant SAA (rSAA), at concentrations comparable to serum levels attained during an acute phase response, is a potent activator of PMN. Stimulation of PMN by rSAA results in a rapid and transient increase of cytosolic calcium concentration and up-regulation of cell-surface expression of antigens involved in adhesion and microbial recognition such as CD11c and CD16. In addition, stimulation of PMN with rSAA increases secretion of lactoferrin, an antimicrobial protein that is contained in specific granules of PMN and enhances PMN phagocytic activity against heat-killed Candida albicans. Finally, activation of PMN with rSAA enhances their anti-Candida activity within 30 min of stimulation. These results suggest that SAA is involved in up-regulating PMN antimicrobial activities and that high circulating concentrations of SAA as seen in the acute phase response may constitute a potential host defense mechanism against fungal infections. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 381–386; 2000.
Suppression of T cell function: a potential role for transcriptional repressor ICER
Authors: Bodor Josef , Bodorova Jana , Gress Ronald E 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In this article, we review the inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) and its possible critical involvement in modulation of T cell responsiveness by its capacity to transcriptionally attenuate interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene expression. It seems clear that the failure to produce the IL-2 is an important determinant of anergy induction. It is important that the CD28-responsive element (CD28RE), a composite DNA binding element consisting of NFAT and cyclic AMP-responsive (CRE)-like motifs in position of –160 of IL-2 promoter has the high affinity for ICER binding as well as NFAT/ICER complex formation. Moreover, CD28RE with adjacent DNA sequences was also shown to be essential for conferring anergy in T lymphocytes. Because ICER does not possess a transactivation domain required for the recruitment of CBP/p300, the binding of ICER to CD28RE and/or composite motifs containing CRE-like DNA motifs may lead to uncoupling of CBP/p300 thus extinguishing IL-2 expression as well as expression of numerous other cytokines and chemokines. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 774–779; 2000.
Bioavailability and metabolism of rosemary infusion polyphenols using Caco‐2 and HepG2 cell model systems
Authors: Achour Mariem , Saguem Saad , Sarriá Beatriz , Bravo Laura , Mateos Raquel 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDRosmarinus officinalis is an aromatic plant used in folk medicine as a result of the therapeutic properties associated with its phenolic composition, being rich in rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA). To better understand the bioactivity of these compounds, their absorption and metabolism were assessed in human Caco‐2 and HepG2 cells, as small intestine and liver models, respectively, using RA and CA standards, as well as a rosemary infusion and ferulic acid (FA).RESULTSTest compounds were partially up‐taken and metabolized by Caco‐2 and HepG2 cells, although a higher metabolization rate was observed after hepatic incubation compared to intestinal incubation. CA was the compound best absorbed followed by RA and FA, showing metabolites percentages of 30.4%, 11.8% and 4.4% in Caco‐2 and 34.3%, 10.3% and 3.2% in HepG2 cells, respectively. RA in the rosemary infusion showed improved bioavailability compared to pure RA. Methyl derivatives were the main metabolites detected for CA and RA after intestinal and hepatic metabolism, followed by methyl‐glucuronidates and glucuronidates. RA was also minimally hydrolyzed into CA, whereas FA only was glucuronidated. Rosemary polyphenols followed the same biotransformation pathways as the standards. In addition, phase II derivatives of luteolin were observed.CONCLUSIONRosemary polyphenols are partially metabolized in both the intestine and liver. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Estimation of the liquid water content and Z–LWC relationship using Ka‐band cloud radar and a microwave radiometer
Authors: Oh Su‐Bin , Lee Yong Hee , Jeong Jong‐Hoon , Kim Yeon‐Hee , Joo Sangwon 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTCloud microphysical variables are needed to evaluate and improve cloud parameterization and data assimilation in a numerical weather model. In order to obtain high spatiotemporal resolution data for the cloud, data from the Ka‐band cloud radar (KaCR), an instrument specialized for cloud observation, were used. In this study, the liquid water content (LWC) was estimated, and the reflectivity–liquid water content (Z–LWC) relationships were derived using the vertical profiles of radar reflectivity from the KaCR and the liquid water path (LWP) from a microwave radiometer. The data were collected at the Boseong National Center for Intensive Observation of Severe Weather in the Republic of Korea during an intensive observation period in 2014 (2014‐IOP, 16 June to 15 July 2014). First, the KaCR reflectivity was corrected using the linear depolarization ratio from the KaCR. The process also involved removing reflectivity profiles that have signal attenuation, compared with the cloud‐top heights retrieved from a satellite. The LWC profiles were calculated from the LWP by dividing using the weight of the KaCR reflectivity. Different constants were derived from the Z–LWC relationship according to each respective echo type. Therefore, the KaCR echoes were categorized into non‐precipitating clouds, precipitating clouds, and raindrops, using a micro rain radar and a ceilometer. The Z–LWC relationships were finally derived for each categorized echo. The results of this study suggest that the new method should be useful for retrieving cloud microphysical variables. These relationships allowed the estimation of 3D LWC in high resolution using a single KaCR platform.
Imaging macrophage distribution and density in mammary tumors and lung metastases using fluorine‐19 MRI cell tracking
Authors: Makela Ashley V. , Foster Paula J. 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe presence of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) correlates with breast cancer progression and metastatic spread. Metastasis‐associated macrophages (MAMs) are also recruited to distant sites, where they support metastatic growth. In this study, we demonstrate that in vivo fluorine‐19 (19F)‐based MRI cell tracking can evaluate the density and distribution of macrophages within murine breast cancer tumors and associated metastases.MethodsThree murine breast cancer cell lines with different metastatic potentials (4T1, 168FARN, and 67NR) were implanted into the mammary fat pad in mice. In vivo whole body 19F MRI was performed on tumor‐bearing mice 24 hours post‐intravenous injection of a perfluorocarbon (PFC) agent, which was taken up by macrophages in situ.ResultsTAMs were detected mainly in the periphery of primary tumors, and higher numbers of TAMs were detected in the more aggressive 4T1 tumors. Tumors had significantly greater 19F spins/mm3 when they were smaller, suggesting more TAM infiltration in early‐stage tumors. 19F signal was observed within lung metastases in mice with 4T1 tumors, and fluorescence microscopy confirmed the presence of PFC‐positive macrophages.ConclusionThis study shows for the first time proof of the ability to use MRI cell tracking to visualize MAMs in the lungs. The ability to detect and monitor the number of TAMs in individual tumors with 19F MRI would allow for identification of breast tumors with heavy infiltration of TAMs and could be used as a biomarker for decisions about how to best treat these patients as well as for monitoring responses to therapy. Magn Reson Med 80:1138–1147, 2018. © 2018 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
From “Non‐encounters” to autonomic agency. Conceptions of patients with low back pain about their encounters in the health care system
Authors: Holopainen Riikka , Piirainen Arja , Heinonen Ari , Karppinen Jaro , O'Sullivan Peter 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLow back pain is a considerable health problem which affects people around the world, causing major healthcare costs. The use of qualitative research methods enables us to describe and understand patients’ experience of, and attitudes to, healthcare. The aim of the present phenomenographic study was to identify and describe the contextual nature of the conceptions of patients with low back pain of their encounters in the HCS. Seventeen patients with chronic or episodic low back pain classified as “high risk” were interviewed in open recall interviews, using videos of patients’ initial physiotherapy sessions that had been recorded previously. The data were analysed using the phenomenographic method. Patients’ conceptions of their clinical journey were formulated by a variety of themes: convincing care, lifestyle change, participation, reciprocality and ethicality of encounters. The themes varied in four categories: “non‐encounters”, seeking support, empowering collaboration and autonomic agency. The results showed a range of clinical interactions – from very negative and disempowering, to empowering and life changing. The key differences between the first and second categories were professionals “being present” and patients starting to understand their low back pain. Between the second and third category, the key aspects were strong therapeutic alliance and the active participation of the patient. Finally, the key differences between the third and fourth categories were the patient being in charge and taking responsibility while knowing that help was available if required. The results may help in improving the care of patients with low back pain.
Generalized Kleinman‐Newton method
Authors: Geromel José C. , Deaecto Grace S. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThis paper addresses the general problem of optimal linear control design subject to convex gain constraints. Classical approaches based exclusively on Riccati equations or linear matrix inequalities are unable to treat problems that incorporate feedback gain constraints, for instance, the reduced‐order (including static) output feedback control design. In this paper, these two approaches are put together to obtain a genuine generalization of the celebrated Kleinman‐Newton method. The convergence to a local minimum is monotone. We believe that other control design problems can be also considered by the adoption of the same ideas and algebraic manipulations. Several examples borrowed from the literature are solved for illustration and comparison.
L2‐L∞ filtering for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems with aperiodic sampling
Authors: Zhu Baolong , Suo Mingliang , Zhang Zhiping , Li Min , Li Shunli 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThis work investigates the problem of L2‐L∞ filtering for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems with nonuniform sampling. The sampled‐data filter developed in this paper is an impulsive differential system whose states change abruptly at every sampling instant. The resulting filtering error system is modeled as a stochastic nonlinear impulsive differential system. The goal is to propose a method for designing a target filter that ensures the stochastic asymptotic stability of the filtering error system and guarantees a prescribed L2‐L∞ performance. Based on a time‐varying Lyapunov functional, by virtue of a convex combination technique, a design method to achieve such a filter is formulated in the form of solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. The effectiveness of the proposed filtering strategy is shown via a numerical example of a stochastic Chua's circuit system.
Molecularly imprinted polymer nanocarriers for recognition and sustained release of diclofenac
Authors: Zheng Lei , Wang Hui , Cheng Xiaomin 
Published: January 2018

In this study, a series of imprinted poly(methacrylic acid‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) nanocarriers for diclofenac and corresponding nonimprinted polymer nanocarriers have been synthesized in 4 different types of solvents by precipitation polymerization. The products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller measurement. Results showed that uniformly sized molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanospheres with relatively good porosity could only be obtained in acetonitrile. The effects of solvents on the recognition and release properties of polymer particles were also carefully investigated. The binding experiments indicated that MIPs prepared in acetonitrile displayed much higher binding capacity than other MIPs with a maximum binding capacity of 65.18 mg g−1. The Scatchard analysis showed that synthetic MIPs have special recognition sites for diclofenac, while nonimprinted polymers have not. The Sips model could provide a best fit to the equilibrium data of nanocarriers over whole concentrations. The experimental data of an adsorption kinetic study were well fitted to the pseudo–second‐order kinetic model, indicating the chemisorption mechanism between diclofenac and MIPs in the process of adsorption. The drug release of diclofenac from MIPs could well be described by the Ritger‐Peppas model, suggesting a non‐Fickian diffusion mechanism. In addition, we successfully used MIPs to extract diclofenac at low levels from fetal bovine serum.
The Sarda Sheep Host Fecal Proteome
Authors: Palomba Antonio , Tanca Alessandro , Addis Maria Filippa , Pagnozzi Daniela , Uzzau Sergio 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe first characterization of the sheep fecal microbiota was recently reported, as obtained by using a multi meta‐omic approach. Here, the mass spectra generated by single‐run LC/high‐resolution MS in the context of that study were reanalyzed using a host‐specific database, in order to gain insights for the first time into the host fecal proteome of healthy Sarda sheep. On the whole, 5349 non‐redundant tryptic peptide sequences were identified, belonging to 1046 different proteins. The “core” fecal proteome (common to all animals) comprised 431 proteins, mainly related to biological processes as immune response and proteolysis. Proteins involved in the immune/inflammatory response and peptidases were specifically investigated. This dataset provides novel insights into the repertoire of proteins secreted in the sheep intestinal lumen, and constitutes the basis for future shotgun and targeted proteomics studies aimed at monitoring changes in the sheep fecal proteome in response to production variables, infectious/inflammatory states, and variations in the gut microbiota. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006145.
Systematic Evaluation of Protein Sequence Filtering Algorithms for Proteoform Identification Using Top‐Down Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Kou Qiang , Wu Si , Liu Xiaowen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractComplex proteoforms contain various primary structural alterations resulting from variations in genes, RNA, and proteins. Top‐down mass spectrometry is commonly used for analyzing complex proteoforms because it provides whole sequence information of the proteoforms. Proteoform identification by top‐down mass spectral database search is a challenging computational problem because the types and/or locations of some alterations in target proteoforms are in general unknown. Although spectral alignment and mass graph alignment algorithms have been proposed for identifying proteoforms with unknown alterations, they are extremely slow to align millions of spectra against tens of thousands of protein sequences in high throughput proteome level analyses. Many software tools in this area combine efficient protein sequence filtering algorithms and spectral alignment algorithms to speed up database search. As a result, the performance of these tools heavily relies on the sensitivity and efficiency of their filtering algorithms. Here, we propose two efficient approximate spectrum‐based filtering algorithms for proteoform identification. We evaluated the performances of the proposed algorithms and four existing ones on simulated and real top‐down mass spectrometry data sets. Experiments showed that the proposed algorithms outperformed the existing ones for complex proteoform identification. In addition, combining the proposed filtering algorithms and mass graph alignment algorithms identified many proteoforms missed by ProSightPC in proteome‐level proteoform analyses.
Ultrasound effects on the activity of Aspergillus niger lipases in their application in dairy wastewater treatment
Authors: Golunski Simone M. , Mulinari Jessica , Camargo Aline Frumi , Venturin Bruno , Baldissarelli Daiane P. , Marques Camila Torbes , Vargas Gean D. L. P. , Colla Luciane Maria , Mossi Altemir , Treichel Helen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe evaluated the effect of ultrasound radiation on lipase activity. The experiments were conducted using a low‐cost crude enzyme extract. We then used this lipase to treat dairy effluent. The results of our study presented an increase of approximately 430% in the concentration of free fatty acids.