bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using the Intervention Mapping Protocol to develop an online video intervention for parents to prevent childhood obesity: Movie Models
Authors: De Lepeleere Sara , Verloigne Maïté , Brown Helen Elizabeth , Cardon Greet , De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse 
Published: August 2016

Background: The increasing prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity caused by an unhealthy diet, insufficient physical activity (PA) and high levels of sedentary behaviour (SB) is a prominent public health concern. Parenting practices may contribute to healthy behaviour change in children, but well-researched examples are limited. The aim of this study is to describe the systematic development of an intervention for parents to prevent childhood overweight/obesity through the improvement of parenting practices. Methods: The six steps of the Intervention Mapping Protocol (IMP), a theory- and evidence-based tool to develop health-related interventions, were used as a framework to develop the ‘Movie Models’ programme. Results: In Step 1, a needs assessment was performed to better understand the health problem of overweight/obesity in children and its association with diet, PA and SB. In Step 2, the programme goal (increasing the adoption of effective parenting practices) was sub-divided into performance objectives. Change objectives, which specify explicit actions required to accomplish the performance objectives, were also identified. Step 3 included the selection of theoretical methods (e.g. ‘modelling’ and ‘images’), which were then translated into the practical strategy of online parenting videos. Step 4 comprised the development of a final intervention framework, and Step 5 included the planning of programme adoption and implementation. The final phase, Step 6, included the development of an effect- and process-evaluation plan. Discussion: The IMP was used to structure the development of ‘Movie Models’, an intervention targeting specific parenting practices related to children’s healthy diet, PA, SB, and parental self-efficacy. A clear framework for process analyses is offered, which aims to increase the potential effectiveness of an intervention and can be useful for those developing health promotion programmes.
Isolation and characterization of hepatitis C virus resistant to a novel phenanthridinone derivative
Authors: Ito Wataru , Toyama Masaaki , Okamoto Mika , Ikeda Masanori , Watashi Koichi , Wakita Takaji , Hashimoto Yuichi , Baba Masanori 
Published: August 2016

Background The novel phenanthridinone derivative HA-719 has recently been identified as a highly potent and selective inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replication. To elucidate its mechanism of inhibition, we have isolated and analyzed a clone of hepatitis C virus replicon cells resistant to HA-719. Methods To isolate HA-719-resistant replicon cells, Huh-7 cells containing subgenomic hepatitis C virus replicons (genotype 1b) with a luciferase reporter (LucNeo#2) were cultured in the presence of G418 and escalating concentrations of HA-719. After several passages, total RNA was extracted from the growing cells, and Huh-7 cells were transfected with the extracted RNA. Limiting dilution of the transfected cells was performed to obtain an HA-719-resistant clone. Results The 50% effective concentration (EC50) of HA-719 for hepatitis C virus replication was 0.058 ± 0.012 µM in LucNeo#2 cells. The replicon cells capable of growing in the presence of G418 and 3 µM HA-719 were obtained after 18 passages (72 days). The HA-719-resistant clone LucNeo719R showed 98.3-fold resistant to the compound (EC50 = 5.66 ± 0.92 µM), but the clone had no cross-resistance to telaprevir (NS3 inhibitor), daclatasvir (NS5A inhibitor), and VX-222 (NS5B inhibitor). The sequence analysis for the wild-type and LucNeo719R identified 3, 2 and 7 mutations in NS3/4 A, NS4B, and NS5A, respectively, but no mutations in NS5B. Conclusion None of the amino acid mutations in the resistant clone corresponds to those reported to confer drug-resistance to current anti-hepatitis C virus agents, suggesting that the target of HA-719 for hepatitis C virus inhibition differs from those of the existing agents.
Evaluation of olanzapine pamoate depot in seriously violent males with schizophrenia in the community
Authors: Kasinathan John , Sharp Gillian , Barker Anthony 
Published: August 2016

Objectives: Olanzapine is a well established treatment for schizophrenia. The olanzapine pamoate depot (long-acting injectable) formulation improves compliance and clinical trials have shown it to be effective. However, there are no previously published reports evaluating olanzapine depot in violent patients with schizophrenia in the community. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of olanzapine depot, its effect on violence, hospitalization and incarceration in community patients with schizophrenia and prior history of serious violence. Methods: This was a retrospective service evaluation in a community forensic psychiatry service where patients had schizophrenia spectrum disorder and a significant history of violence. Treatment resistance, substance use disorders and antisocial personality disorder were common. Nine deidentified patient records were audited for 12 months pre and 12 months post olanzapine depot initiation to identify any clinical changes, breaches of (legislated) psychiatric treatment orders, hospital admission days, days incarcerated and emergency presentations. Results: Community forensic psychiatric patients treated with olanzapine depot showed an improvement in psychotic symptoms ( p = 0.008) with overall decreases in violence, supported by reductions in hospitalization days ( p = 0.018) and days incarcerated ( p = 0.043). Several patients had reduced psychiatric treatment order breaches and emergency presentations. Conclusions: Community forensic psychiatric patients with schizophrenia responded to olanzapine depot with decreased violence and reduced hostility. A depot antipsychotic medication that reduces violence and improves engagement has significant implications for greater effective community management of forensic patients with schizophrenia.
Do doctors agree on doses of antipsychotic medications?
Authors: Schill Johan , Olsson Hans 
Published: August 2016

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the concordance in attitudes of psychiatrists towards the doses of antipsychotics given to stable outpatients with schizophrenia and to examine the psychiatrists’ estimates of equally potent doses of haloperidol and olanzapine. Methods: We asked all 22 doctors serving at the psychiatry department of Jönköping County Hospital if they considered the combined dose of antipsychotics for 20 individual patients to be ‘low’, ‘medium’ or ‘high’. We also asked each doctor to state the dose of haloperidol that they considered to be clinically equivalent to 20 mg/day of olanzapine. Results: The inter-rater reliability (Krippendorff’s alpha (α)) was 0.50, and the mean estimated dose haloperidol considered clinically equivalent to 20 mg/day of olanzapine was 4.45 mg/day. Conclusions: The inter-rater reliability (Krippendorff’s α) was low, suggesting lack of agreement. The dose of antipsychotics given to a patient might thus be more influenced by which doctor they meet than the severity of the disease. The respondents in this study considered a mean dose of 4.45 mg/day of haloperidol to be clinically equivalent to 20 mg/day of olanzapine. This is a considerably lower dose than was determined by an international consensus study of antipsychotic dosing, and more in line with the available PET studies measuring central dopamine receptor blockage of optimal clinical doses.
Cognitive impairment in Crohn’s disease is associated with systemic inflammation, symptom burden and sleep disturbance
Authors: van Langenberg Daniel R , Yelland Greg W , Robinson Stephen R , Gibson Peter R 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundPatients with Crohn’s disease (CD) frequently complain of cognitive difficulties such as problems with concentration and clouding of thought, yet this has scarcely been objectively defined and underlying mechanisms remain unknown.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to objectively measure cognitive impairments in patients with CD compared with healthy controls, and if present, to identify potentially modifiable, contributing factors associated with cognitive impairment.MethodsCD patients and healthy age‐/sex‐matched controls completed surveys encompassing clinical, demographic, psychiatric, fatigue and sleep parameters. Contemporaneously, disease activity assessment with serum CRP, faecal calprotectin, Harvey–Bradshaw Index and the Subtle Cognitive Impairment test (SCIT) were performed, with the primary measure of response time (SCIT‐RT) compared between groups. Multiple linear regression assessed for factors associated with slower SCIT‐RT, denoting subtle cognitive impairment.ResultsA total of 49 CD and 31 control individuals participated, with median age 44 years (range 22–65) and 43 years (21–63), respectively. Compared to controls, SCIT‐RT was slower across all timepoints in CD patients (ANOVA p  < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, serum CRP (standardised beta coefficient 0.27, 95% CI (0.02, 0.51)), abdominal pain (0.43 (0.16, 0.70)), plasma haemoglobin (1.55 (1.42, 1.68)), and concurrent fatigue (0.56 (0.25, 0.88)) were each independently associated with slower SCIT‐RT in CD (each p  < 0.05), with a trend for poorer sleep quality 0.54 (−0.03, 1.11) (p  = 0.06), yet conversely, higher faecal calprotectin titres were associated with faster SCIT‐RT (−1.77 (−1.79, −1.76), p  < 0.01).ConclusionsPatients with CD demonstrated subtle cognitive impairment utilising the objective SCIT, correlating with systemic inflammation and other disease burden measures, although higher faecal calprotectin titres were unexpectedly associated with less cognitive impairment.
Treating the Motor Symptoms of Parkinson Disease
Authors: Morgan John C. , Fox Susan H. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose of Review: After a patient is diagnosed with Parkinson disease (PD), there are many therapeutic options available. This article provides examples of prototypical patients encountered in clinical practice and illustrates the various pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options for the motor symptoms of PD.

Recent Findings: Levodopa became available in the late 1960s and remains the gold standard for the treatment of PD even today. Since that time, amantadine, monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors, dopamine agonists, and catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors have emerged as monotherapy, add-on therapies, or both, in the armamentarium against PD. The most appropriate time to start such drugs remains a clinical decision according to patient symptoms. However, earlier use of levodopa is the more common practice due to its superior benefit and the side effects of dopamine agonists. Deep brain stimulation continues to be the most effective treatment for motor symptoms in appropriate patients, and advances in technology may improve efficacy. New ways to deliver levodopa have emerged (effective extended-release oral preparations and levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel), and these medications provide additional options for certain patients. Exercise and neurorehabilitation are increasingly recognized as important tools to combat the motor symptoms of PD. Nondopaminergic drugs may help non–levodopa-responsive motor symptoms.

Summary: Treatment of PD is multifaceted and requires a tailored pharmacotherapeutic and nonpharmacologic approach for a given patient. Patients should be at the center of care, and clinicians should try to provide optimum benefit through the many treatment options available.
Movement Disorders Presenting in Childhood
Authors: Kurian Manju A. , Dale Russell C. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose of Review: This article provides an overview of movement disorders that present in childhood. Key clinical features are discussed, and a brief guide to management strategies is provided. Recent advances in the field of pediatric movement disorders are also a focus of the article.

Recent Findings: Advances in genetic technologies and cell biology have contributed greatly to the elucidation of underlying disease mechanisms in childhood movement disorders. This article discusses the expanding spectrum of both genetic and acquired movement disorders that present in childhood, including benign, acquired, genetic, and psychogenic movement disorders.

Summary: Movement disorders in childhood comprise a wide spectrum of both genetic and acquired diseases, ranging from benign self-limiting conditions to more progressive phenotypes associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Elucidation of the underlying cause is achieved through accurate history, detailed clinical examination, review of video footage (including home videos), and, where appropriate, neuroimaging and laboratory investigations. Early accurate diagnosis will facilitate the instigation of appropriate management strategies.
Pipeline Embolization Device for Small Intracranial Aneurysms: Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy in a Multicenter Cohort
Authors: Griessenauer Christoph J. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Foreman Paul M. , Chua Michelle H. , Harrigan Mark R. , He Lucy , Fusco Matthew R. , Mocco J.D. , Stapleton Christopher J. , Patel Aman B. , Sonig Ashish , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Thomas Ajith J. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND: To date, the use of the flow-diverting Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) for small intracranial aneurysms (≤ 7 mm) has been reported only in single-center series.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the PED in a multicenter cohort.

METHODS: Five major academic institutions in the United States provided data on patient demographics, aneurysm features, and treatment characteristics of consecutive patients with aneurysms ≤ 7 mm treated with a PED between 2009 and 2015. Radiographic outcome was assessed with digital subtraction angiography. Clinical outcome was measured with the modified Rankin Scale.

RESULTS: The cumulative number of aneurysms ≤ 7 mm treated with PED at the 5 institutions was 149 in 117 patients (age, 54 years [range, 29-87 years]; male to female, 1-5.9). Aneurysms were most commonly located in the paraophthalmic segment (67.1%) of the internal carotid artery. Radiographic outcome at last follow-up was available for 123 aneurysms (82.6%), with a complete occlusion rate of 87%. Thromboembolic and symptomatic procedural complications occurred in 8.7% and 6% of the aneurysms treated, respectively. There was 1 mortality (0.9%) unrelated to the PED procedure. Multivariable logistic regression identified size < 4 mm, balloon angioplasty to open the device, and simultaneous treatment of multiple aneurysms as predictors of procedural complications. Good clinical outcome was achieved in 96% of electively treated patients.

CONCLUSION: In the largest series on PED for small aneurysms to date, data suggest that treatment with the flow-diverting PED is safe and efficacious, with complication rates comparable to those for traditional endovascular techniques.
Abdominal fat ratio – a novel parameter for predicting conversion in laparoscopic colorectal surgery
Authors: Scott SI , Farid S , Mann C , Jones R , Kang P , Evans J 
Published: August 2016

INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic surgery has become the standard for colorectal cancer resection in the UK but it can be technically challenging in patients who are obese. Patients whose body fat is mainly inside the abdominal cavity are more challenging than those whose fat is mainly outside the abdominal cavity. Abdominal fat ratio (AFR) is a simple parameter proposed by the authors to aid identification of this subgroup. MATERIALS AND METHODS All 195 patients who underwent elective, laparoscopic colorectal cancer resections from March 2010 to November 2013 were included in the study. For patients who were obese (body mass index greater than 30), preoperative staging computed tomography was used to determine AFR. This was assessed by two different, blinded observers and compared with conversion rate. RESULTS Of the 195 patients, 58 (29.7%) fell into the obese group and 137 (70.3%) into the non-obese group. The median AFR of the obese group that were converted to open surgery was significantly higher at 5.9 compared with those completed laparoscopically (3.3, P = 0.0001, Mann-Whitney). There was no significant difference in conversion rate when looking at body mass index, tumour site or size. DISCUSSION Previous studies have found body mass index, age, gender, previous abdominal surgery, site and locally advanced tumours to be associated with an increased risk of conversion. This study adds AFR to the list of risk factors. CONCLUSION AFR is a simple, reproducible parameter which can help to predict conversion risk in obese patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection.
Management of joint dislocations of the lower limb in Larsen syndrome: practical approach
Authors: Matar HE , Garg NK 
Published: August 2016

INTRODUCTION Larsen syndrome is an autosomal-dominant osteochondrodysplasia characterised by large joint dislocations and craniofacial anomalies. CASE HISTORY We present a rare case of Larsen syndrome with bilateral dislocated hips and knees and severe clubfeet at 7-year follow-up. We undertook bilateral open reduction of both hips at age 8 months. This procedure was preceded by open reduction and left-knee V–Y quadricepsplasty at age 4 months following a failed trial of closed reduction of the left knee. Both feet had a severe deformity (Pirani score of 5.5 and 6.0) and were treated using the Ponseti method, but the left foot relapsed at 24 months and required posteromedial release. CONCLUSIONS We tried to address the difficult questions on the timing and sequence of surgical interventions by treating clubfeet and dislocated knees early using Ponseti casts which included the knees. Open reduction of hips was done later, and further interventions were guided by functional needs.
Post-network audiences and cable crime drama
Authors: Wayne Michael L. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The proliferation of original programming by cable networks and the increasing availability of digital video recorders, video-on-demand services and broadband Internet access has led many observers to assert that American television is in the midst of its ‘third golden age’. Such claims rely heavily on the recent prominence of cable crime drama. Yet, to date, there is little scholarship addressing TV’s rising cultural status from the perspective of audiences. Using qualitative data gathered from 31 respondents (ages 18–34), this article focuses on viewers’ relationships with select crime dramas appearing on basic cable (advertiser-supported) and premium cable (subscriber-supported) networks and cable omnivores who watch cable crime dramas produced in a variety of economic contexts. Considering not only what viewers watch, but also how they choose to engage with some programmes and not others, the findings indicate that post-network audience reception practices vary with the cultural status of a given show.
Marvel media convergence: Cult following and buddy banter
Authors: Raphael Jackie , Lam Celia 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The social media driven paradigm shift and convergence of mass media has transformed celebrity culture, and affected the way fans are entertained and audiences interact with celebrities and fan communities. The series Marvel’s Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D marked Marvel Studio’s first foray into the medium of television. In a convergent media environment in which content saturation is a potential barrier to audience attention and commercial success, the leveraging of celebrity friendship is an effective means of promotion. The series was launched at the 2013 Comic Con in San Diego, during which the cast participated in interviews that were distributed online. This article explores the success of celebrity friendships as a marketing device through an analysis of audience comments in response to one online interview. It examines how displays of friendship generate online discussion, audience hype and reward loyalty, and the significance of perceived authenticity on the reception of bonds portrayed. It proposes the term ‘buddy banter’ as a means to illustrate the presentation of close celebrity friendships in a multi-gender, group environment. Analysis revealed banter to be a useful means of attracting audience attention, while audience interpretation of celebrity dynamics favoured the reading of close crossgender friendships as heterosexual couples.
Points of contact, points of distance: DR/TV 2 meet HBO/Netflix
Authors: Nielsen Jakob Isak 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Danish public service broadcasters have taken long strides into the international marketplace at the level of funding, production and distribution of TV drama series. The series are sold across the globe, remade in countries as different as the United States and Turkey, and the international co-production set-ups are becoming increasingly complex (e.g. Broen/The Bridge [SVT/DR, 2013–] and The Team [ZDF/vtm/DR, etc. 2015]). This article tests the limits of cross-national collaboration by discussing two recent co-production initiatives that involve DR/HBO and TV 2/Netflix. The co-production initiatives discussed are located at the intersection of at least three strands of development: first, the commercialization of European public service media that can be traced back to regulatory changes in the 1980s; second, the tendency towards cross-national partnerships regarding television funding, production and/or distribution; and third, the advent of streaming services available on various digital platforms. The article highlights tension and obstacles prohibiting or undermining these two co-production initiatives. In the case of DR/HBO, the obstacles have their source in alternative media systemic logics and differing narrative and aesthetic strategies, whereas competition and business development strategies are particularly pertinent to the case of TV 2 and Netflix.
Una tensión de fuerzas: Luz, energía y visión en la imagen cinematográfica
Authors: Perez Goiri Iker 
Published: August 2016

La imagen acontece como un encuentro de fuerzas que se hacen perceptibles, como sensaciones materializadas en una superficie de tensión, que podemos relacionar con la de un lago o un estanque. Este lugar fotosensible de resonancias que conducen a la visión nos permite un estudio de la imagen-visual cinematográfica desde esta condición radical de materia vibrátil de luz, en la que confluyen una multiplicidad de estratos de experiencia, y en la que todo opera al nivel de la energía: una tensión en la luz y una presencia de capas geológicas que se estructuran en un cosmos sensorial donde fluyen una serie de resonancias, relaciones y estructuras en su interior, y que la convierten en un medio de visión. Nos acercamos a esta vida de la imagen cinematográfica, como una realidad en sí misma, a partir de una serie de relaciones con la pintura, la escultura y la fotografía, así como a través de las palabras de algunos cineastas y sus reflexiones. Palabras clave: CINE; LUZ; ENERGÍA; VISIÓN; IMAGEN A tension of forces: light, energy and vision in the cinematographic image AbstractThe image occurs as a gathering of forces that are made perceptible as sensations materialized in a surface of tension, which can relate to a lake or a pond. This photosensitive place of resonances that lead to vision, allows us a study of cinematographic visual-image from this radical condition of vibrating matter of light, convergence of multiple layers of experience, and in which everything operates at the level of energy: a tension in the light and a presence of geological layers that are structured in a sensory cosmos, in which flow a series of resonances, relationships and structures, and turn it into a medium of vision. We approach this life of the film-image, as a reality in itself, from a series of relationships with painting, sculpture and photography, as well as through the words and thoughts of some filmmakers. Keywords: CINEMA; LIGHT; ENERGY; VISION; IMAGE