bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Isoniazid Crystals Agglomeration Through Quality by Design and Artificial Neural Network Analysis
Authors: Garala Kevinkumar , Raval Mihir , Patel Priya , Prajapati Bhupendra , Dharamsi Abhay 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
The aims of this study were to determine and govern critical sources of
variability in the process and to investigate the effect of excipients and processing conditions on
the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of isoniazid (INZ) crystal agglomerates using a quality-bydesign
(QbD) paradigm along with risk-based approach.

Methods:
The QbD paradigm is thoroughly exercised to determine the CQAs and to, link these
CQAs to agglomerate properties and to recognize potentially significant input variables. Considering
this, a risk assessment tool was executed with different excipients and processing conditions
to define their effect on CQAs of agglomerates. Potential risk factors were recognized using an
Ishikawa diagram and then investigated using principal component analysis and an artificial neural
network. After that, all agglomerates were optimized using the design of the experiment.

Results:
The optimized INZ crystal agglomerates were characterized using various tools such as
X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential
scanning calorimetry, gas chromatography, and stability testing. These characterizations
confirmed that INZ did not undergo any structural modifications in the agglomerates.

Conclusion:
The results indicate that the QbD principles and risk assessment tool provide a valuable
means to fully understand directly compressible INZ crystal agglomerates, which could be
considered an exceptional alternative to the granulation method.
Numerical Investigation of Polymer-based Biomaterials for Artificial Hip Joint with Diverse Boundary Conditions
Authors: Sathishkumar S. , P. Jawahar , Chakraborti Prasun 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Hip suffering is a serious concern for human health, which may be caused
by arthritis, accidents, and childhood disorders; hence, man-made joints are the only option for restoring
the function of natural hips and ensuring a comfortable life. To design an effective hip joint is
a challenging task; there are myriads of novel designs continuously patented over the last two decades.

Methods:
The finite element approach was utilized in this extensive investigation to assess selfmated
polymer-based biomaterials (PTFE, UHMWPE, and PEEK) with different boundary conditions.
The numerical analysis was performed to find the stress intensity and deflection of the femoral
head and the acetabular components; the evaluation was done critically with a 10-node quadratic
tetrahedron element and different mesh intensities.

Results:
The detailed outcome showcases that the bare PEEK mated GO-PEEK has good load resistance
and is affected by minimum stress and deflection, which is quantified at 20.89% less than
the PTFE with GO-PEEK (M3) combination. This stress and deflection are quite higher than those of
metal implants (Ti6Al4V) but comparatively more prominent materials for human cortical bone.

Conclusion:
This investigation proved the polymer-on-polymer combination effectively eliminates
stress shielding and metal ion emission, reducing revision surgery and elevating implant longevity.
Therefore, it was identified that PEEK-based polymer composites are the best-suited alternative substance
for hip repair applications.
Shorter Telomere Length is Associated with Food Insecurity in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Polo Celi Macedo , Pereira de Brito Tábatta Renata , Roberto Silva Wanderson , Lima Daniela Braga , Nunes Daniella Pires , Colombo Fábio Antonio , Orlandi Ariene Angelini dos Santos , Corona Ligiana Pires 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Telomere length has been investigated as a biomarker of biological aging
and is associated with several diseases, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors.

Objective:
This study aimed to verify whether food insecurity is associated with shorter telomere
length in older people.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a municipality in the interior of Brazil,
with a sample of 440 older people from the community. For telomere length analysis, a blood
sample was obtained from each participant, followed by real-time qPCR, and sociodemographic
and health information was collected through interviews. Food security/insecurity was measured
using the reduced version of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Descriptive analysis and multiple
logistic regression were performed to analyze the factors associated with shorter telomere
length, adopting a significance level of 5%.

Results:
We found that food insecurity was significantly associated with shorter telomere length,
regardless of age group, skin color, tabagism, physical activity, milk and dairy consumption, living
arrangement, and basic activities of daily life.

Conclusion:
The findings show the importance of ensuring full access to adequate nutrition for
the older population, who are physiologically and socially vulnerable.
Evaluation of the Critical Success Factors for Household Product Sustainability
Authors: alegöz Mehmet 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Sustainability and sustainable development have received growing at-tention in both industry and academia due to concerns regarding the rapid decrease in natural resources and increase in carbon emissions.

Methods:
In this study, we focus on the determination, evaluation, and analysis of the critical success factors in product sustainability by specifically focusing on the household goods indus-try. In the first phase of the study, we determine the critical success factors by referring to the existing literature and opinions of the experts who have experience in the household goods in-dustry. Next, we use a trapezoidal type-2 fuzzy AHP algorithm to rank the determined criteria and discuss the main findings from a practical point of view.

Results:
Computational results bring several important managerial insights. First, we observe that all three aspects of sustainability (economic, environmental, and social) should be consid-ered to ensure product sustainability. Second, the analysis reveals that cost (economic), quality (economic), generated waste and emission during the life cycle (environmental), energy and water consumption during the life cycle (environmental), and occupational health and safety (social) are among the highly ranked criteria.

Conclusion:
In this regard, in order to increase product sustainability, the companies should de-termine ways to decrease water usage, energy usage, carbon emission, and waste without ne-glecting the cost and quality of the product and without ignoring occupational health and safety.
Formulation, Optimization, and Evaluation of Solid-lipid Formulation for Bioavailability Enhancement Utilizing Diltiazem Hydrochloride
Authors: Jaiswal Sandhya , Yadav Kiran , Shukla Shalu , Mitra Reema 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Cardiac arrhythmia is a health concern, requiring effective medication for
proper treatment. Diltiazem hydrochloride (DTZ.HCL), a class IV anti-arrhythmic calcium channel
blocker, was used as a model drug due to its ability to block Ca++ channels in the SA and AV nodes,
reducing calcium entry into cardiac cells and subsequently decreasing the force of contraction and
oxygen consumption by the heart. Despite its good oral absorption, DTZ.HCL bioavailability is reduced
to approximately 40% due to extensive first-pass metabolism. A nano-enabled drug delivery
system has the advantage of incorporating both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs with improved physical
stability and enhanced bioavailability.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to develop a solid-lipid formulation utilizing diltiazem
hydrochloride and evaluate it for its bioavailability enhancement.

Method:
In the experimental study, SLNs were prepared using the microemulsion technique. A
blend ratio (1:1) of lipid (stearic acid: compritol 888 ATO), span 80, PEG 200, and water was selected
based on the microemulsion region obtained from the Triplot (4.1) ternary phase diagram. The
hydrophilic drug diltiazem hydrochloride was incorporated into the lipid blend, and a preheated Smix
was maintained at 80°C to obtain a transparent microemulsion, which then crystallized to form SLNs
upon subsequent dispersion in cold water (1:25). Critical process parameters, including magnetic
stirring speed, homogenizer speed, and probe sonication cycle, were optimized using Design Expert
10 software to achieve the desired particle size diameter, PDI, and entrapment efficiency.

Results:
The results revealed that the particle size and PDI were significantly influenced by the span
80 and PEG 200. An increase in the concentration of the lipid blend resulted in large particle sizes.
The optimized formulation showed a particle size of 415.4±0.2 nm, PDI of 0.184±0.01, and zeta
potential of -24.19±0.12 mV. These results were corroborated by DSC thermograms, which indicated
reduced enthalpy associated with the reduced particle size of SLNs. Given that diltiazem hydrochloride
is a hydrophilic drug with high water solubility, the entrapment efficiency was relatively 30.6%
±0.45. In vitro release studies demonstrated an initial burst release, followed by a sustained release of
85% over 24 hours. The optimized SLNs followed the Higuchi matrix model, with a coefficient of
correlation (R²) value of 0.9369.

Conclusion:
Results concluded successful development of SLNs with improved bioavailability when
compared by way of in-vitro method with marketed preparations.
Fortalecimiento de la calidad de los Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje (AVA) en Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) a través de la implementación de estrategias pedagógicas y la toma de decisiones basadas en técnicas de big data
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, Rincón León Daniel , Aranda Lozano Diego Fernando ,   Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, Munevar García Pablo Alexander ,   Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, Delgado Quintero Darío José 
Published: October 2024

Las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) en búsqueda de la calidad educativa y la inclusión social, diseñan sistemas de información como herramientas para docentes y directivos que les aporten a la toma de decisiones con el propósito de alcanzar sus metas. En la actualidad debido a la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19, cada vez más, las IES utilizarán los Learning Management System (LMS) integrados a sus Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) para que sus estudiantes realicen su proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Este proyecto de investigación se llevó a cabo en el marco del convenio entre la Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (UNAD) y el Sistema General de Regalías (SGR) del departamento de Antioquia en conjunto con el Ministerio de Ciencias de Colombia MinCiencias, con el objetivo de generar estrategias, herramientas y modelos que permitan cualificar los procesos de enseñanza- aprendizaje en programas de educación virtual y mejoren los indicadores clave de deserción y permanencia de los estudiantes. La UNAD facilitó un conjunto de datos pertenecientes a 3317 estudiantes en modalidad virtual del departamento de Antioquia, dichos datos representan la interacción de los estudiantes en el VLE. Producto del análisis de este conjunto de datos se logró definir una herramienta tipo panel de control y un modelo de validación de la experiencia de usuario de estudiantes y docentes en el VLE que permiten adoptar estrategias de inteligencia y analítica de negocios para IES, como soporte para el diseño de modelos instruccionales que permitan el mejoramiento continuo de la calidad educativa virtual a corto, medio y largo plazo.
Percepción del Clima Social, Vereda Santa Bárbara Bojacá Cundinamarca, sector potencial de turismo agroambiental
Authors: Grisales Carvajal Angela Johana , Valderrama-Fernandez Jonny-Mauricio , Garzon-Avila Yon , Fonseca-Lara Mery-Rocío 
Published: October 2024

Resumen
La visión de ruralidad no se limita exclusivamente al sector productivo agropecuario, sino que, a medida que avanza la ciencia y la tecnología, surgen posibilidades de hacer visibles nuevas alternativas de desarrollo, entre ellas los proyectos de turismo agroambientales.
Problemática: interacción social y acción comunitaria que supone la realización de las dimensiones constitutivas del individuo y su interacción con el entorno, en zonas rurales potenciales para turismo agroambiental.
Objetivos: realizar la descripción del clima social en la población rural de la vereda Santa Bárbara en el municipio de Bojacá, Cundinamarca, siendo este un sector potencial de turismo agroambiental.
Metodología: enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y con diseño no experimental. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia, con una heterogeneidad del 50%, margen de error del 10% y un 90% de nivel de confianza. El total de la muestra fue de 10 personas, siendo el 70% de sexo masculino y el 30% de sexo femenino. Se aplicó el instrumento Cuestionario de Clima Laboral CLA (Corral y Pereña, 2010).
Resultados: en el eje Persona, las puntuaciones más bajas se evidenciaron en la categoría de Implicación (IMP) y Relaciones (REL), mientras que Autorrealización (AUT) y Dirección (DIR) se observa una puntuación sobre la media. En cuanto al eje Empresa, solo en la categoría Innovación (INN) se evidencia una puntuación sobre la media, las puntuaciones más bajas se observan en Organización (ORG), Información (INF) y Condiciones (CON).
Discusiones: los puntos fuertes como comunidad están en la INN, AUT y DIR, lo que podría suponer que existe un potencial para la creación de empresas orientadas al turismo agroambiental en este sector de Cundinamarca, sin embargo, es necesario trabajar en las relaciones interpersonales, la organización como comunidad y la comunicación.
Conclusiones: a nivel personal las estructuras de la comunidad estudiada presentan una fragilidad en las relaciones susceptible a disminuir, por lo que se debe fortalecer la percepción de trabajo en equipo y las relaciones interpersonales.
Contribución/originalidad: análisis y descripción del clima social en la población rural de la vereda Santa Bárbara en el municipio de Bojacá, Cundinamarca, siendo este un sector potencial de turismo agroambiental.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN AIR (AUDITORY, INTELLECTUALLY, REPETITION) TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONVERSI SATUAN PANJANG SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR (SD)
Authors: Simanjuntak Putri Caryn Malsanda , Maulana Maulana , Irawati Riana 
Published: October 2024

Mathematics learning in unit length conversion is still a problem that must be solved at SDN Ganeas I and II. The students still can't understand the concept of unit length conversion correctly. Therefore, in the learning activities, need a new innovations learning models. This research purpose to determine AIR (Auditory, Intelectually, Repetition) learning model on the concept of length unit conversion for students grade IV of elementary school.The research method used is a quasi-experiment with a non-equivalent control group research design. Data collection with observation and tests.The tests used are pretest and posttest, the sample was grade IV students SDN Ganeas II as the experimental class and grade IV students of SDN Ganeas I as the control class.Data processing techniques using normality tests, homogenenity, t-tests, Mann withney tests, normalized gain tests, with the help of SPSS 26.The results of the study, with using the Mann-Whitney test obtained a p-value of 0.000<0.005,then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, so it is concluded that there is an improvement in students' abilities with the AIR (Auditory, Intelectually, Repetition) learning model.
Profile Laboratory of Thalassemia in the General Hospital Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Mutiawati Vivi Keumala , Aman Adi Koesoema 
Published: October 2024

Thalassemia refers to the globin gene abnormality that affects the a and b globin genes. A comprehensive peripheral blood laboratory examination, Mentzer index, blood morphology, and Hb analysis were all performed on every patient with thalassemia who attended treatment as part of this analytical observational study. This research aims to know the profile of laboratory examinations of thalassemia patients in the Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital (RSUZA) Banda Aceh. The study's target population was 547 individuals, with 278 males and 269 females making up the male and female split, respectively (50.7% and 49.3%). With a total of 197 subjects (36.4%), this study revealed that the subjects were most frequently found in the age range of 0–5 years. Only 8 subjects, or 1.5%, of the population in the over-65 age group, were detected. The typical value of the erythrocyte index further fell and was discovered in 469 participants with a value of 85.3%. A total of 504 patients, or 91.6%, had more elevated RDW features. Results for the Mentzer index with 432 subjects were determined to be 13 were 78.5%. In the 450-subject hypochromic microcytic group, subjects were most frequently observed (81.8%). Blood morphology features from 505 participants, or 91.8% of the total, showed no additional blood morphology characteristics in normoblasts, and from 361 subjects, or 65.6% of the total, showed no target cells. When a person has anemia or a family history of thalassemia, it is strongly advised that they get a full blood count (CBC). The proper laboratory testing is still necessary for the health issue of thalassemia.
Overview of Publications on Payment for Environmental Services: Focus on Brazilian Contributions
Authors: Prado Ana Cristina Campos , Zaro Elise Soerger , Tiezzi Rafael de Oliveira 
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to analyze publications on Payment for Environmental Services (PES), with a focus on Brazil's leadership and the evaluation of case studies, empirical and theoretical research in the Web of Science and SciELO databases up to April 2024.

Theoretical Framework: PES is discussed as a tool for environmental conservation and sustainable development, emphasizing challenges such as social inclusion and participatory governance.

Method: A systematic literature review was conducted, focusing on publications indexed in the Web of Science and SciELO databases up to April 2024. The exploratory research employed both quantitative and qualitative methodologies in data analysis.

Results and Discussion: The analysis revealed that Brazil plays a prominent role in PES publications, both nationally and internationally. Within the Brazilian context, the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais stand out, with the Conservador das Águas project in Extrema frequently cited in the literature.

Research Implications: The results provide a foundation for the development of public policies aimed at expanding PES initiatives in Brazil. Mapping existing projects can encourage the replication of best practices and foster research in underexplored areas, promoting climate mitigation strategies.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by identifying and mapping PES projects, providing valuable insights for the formulation of strategies aimed at improving climate conditions.
Comparative Analysis of an 8 – Stage Cockcroft Walton Voltage Multiplier and A Dickson Voltage Multiplier in The Context of Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting
Authors: Udechukwu Felix Chimezie , Ahaneku Mamilus , Chijindu Vincent Chukwudi , Oyeka Dumtoochukwu , Amoke Douglas Amobi , Mbah Chiagozie 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study seeks to enhance voltage multipliers for Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvesting, with an emphasis on increasing the efficiency of harvested energy. This improvement is vital for sustainable energy applications and reducing environmental pollution caused by fossil fuels.

Theoretical reference: RF energy harvesting technology is gaining recognition as a viable sustainable method for capturing ambient energy, with earlier research primarily focused on antenna and circuit design. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of energy harvesting is still constrained by inadequate power output. This study expands on prior research by directly comparing two commonly utilized voltage multipliers, the Cockcroft Walton and Dickson multipliers, in the context of RF energy harvesting.

Method: The Cockcroft Walton and Dickson voltage multipliers were optimally designed using Multisim and their performance was analysed using MATLAB. The comparison was conducted at an input voltage of 1V within two frequency ranges: 85 MHz – 110 MHz (FM band) and 1.8 GHz – 3.0 GHz (4G band). Output voltages for both multipliers were recorded and compared across these frequency bands.

Results and Conclusion: At an input voltage of 1V within the FM band (85 MHz – 110 MHz), the Dickson voltage multiplier outperformed the Cockcroft Walton multiplier, delivering an output voltage of 11.1V compared to 6.6V. However, in the 4G band (1.8 GHz – 3.0 GHz), the Cockcroft Walton multiplier was more effective, providing a maximum output voltage of 5.2V against Dickson's 4.1V. The study concludes that the Dickson multiplier is more suitable for harvesting RF energy from the FM band, while the Cockcroft Walton multiplier is better for 4G band energy harvesting.

Implications of research: The findings suggest that different RF energy harvesting applications may benefit from distinct voltage multipliers, depending on the frequency band in question. This could guide the design of more efficient RF energy harvesting circuits in future technologies aimed at sustainable energy solutions.

Originality/value: This study offers a direct comparison of two voltage multipliers under different RF frequency conditions, providing valuable insights into optimizing energy harvesting technologies for green energy applications. The results help advance the understanding of efficient circuit design for specific RF frequency bands, contributing to the development of more effective energy harvesting systems.
Патология генов гистоновых лизин-метилтрансфераз и характерные эписигнатуры
Authors: Земляная О.А. , Ефремова А.В. , Володин И.В. , Залетаев Д.В. 
Published: October 2024

Согласованная работа эпигенетических механизмов регуляции экспрессии генов (метилирования ДНК, модификаций гистонов, воздействия некодирующих РНК) обеспечивает своевременное и поэтапное развитие тканей и органов. Показано, что повреждение одного звена эпигенетической регуляции приводит к изменению функционирования других ее составляющих. За последние 10 лет было открыто более 60 эпигеномных сигнатур – уникальных паттернов метилирования генома, характерных для наследственных заболеваний, ассоциированных с нарушением эпигенетического аппарата. Эписигнатура может частично обусловливать фенотипические проявления, а также потенциально служить диагностическим инструментом ввиду своей высокой специфичности. В настоящем обзоре предлагается рассмотреть одно из центральных звеньев эпигенетической регуляции – метилирование гистоновых белков, а также наследственные заболевания, развивающиеся при его нарушении, и характерные для данных синдромов эписигнатуры.
Time-appropriate, stage-by-stage development of tissues and organs is achieved by coordinated operation of epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression regulation (DNA methylation, histone modifications, effects mediated by non-coding RNAs). It has been established that disruption of one single component of epigenetic regulation leads to changes in the functioning of others. Over the past 10 years there have been discovered more than 60 epigenomic signatures representing unique genome methylation patterns specific for hereditary disorders associated with disruption of the epigenetic machinery. The episignature can partially determine phenotypic traits and potentially serve as a reliable diagnostic tool due to its high specificity. This review aims to shed light on one of the central links of epigenetic regulation, histone methylation, as well as hereditary diseases that develop when it is disrupted, and the episignatures specific for these syndromes.