bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeat surgery for focal cortical dysplasias in children: indications and outcomes
Authors: Sacino Matthew F. , Ho Cheng-Ying , Whitehead Matthew T. , Kao Amy , Depositario-Cabacar Dewi , Myseros John S. , Magge Suresh N. , Keating Robert F. , Gaillard William D. , Oluigbo Chima O. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of medically intractable epilepsy that often may be treated by surgery. Following resection, many patients continue to experience seizures, necessitating a decision for further surgery to achieve the desired seizure outcomes. Few studies exist on the efficacy of reoperation for intractable epilepsy due to FCD in pediatric cohorts, including the definition of prognostic factors correlated with clinical benefit from further resection.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively analyzed the medical records and MR images of 22 consecutive pediatric patients who underwent repeat FCD resection after unsuccessful first surgery at the Children's National Health System between March 2005 and April 2015.

RESULTS
Accounting for all reoperations, 13 (59%) of the 22 patients achieved complete seizure freedom and another 5 patients (23%) achieved significant improvement in seizure control. Univariate analysis demonstrated that concordance in electrocorticography (ECoG) and MRI localization (p = 0.005), and completeness of resection (p = 0.0001), were associated with seizure freedom after the first reoperation. Patients with discordant ECoG and MRI findings ultimately benefited from aggressive multilobe lobectomy or hemispherectomy. Repeat lesionectomies utilizing intraoperative MRI (iMRI; n = 9) achieved complete resection and seizure freedom in all cases.

CONCLUSIONS
Reoperation may be clinically beneficial in patients with intractable epilepsy due to FCD. Patients with concordant intraoperative ECoG and MRI localization may benefit from extended resection of residual dysplasia at the margins of the previous lesional cavity, and iMRI may offer benefits as a quality control mechanism to ensure that a complete resection has been accomplished. Patients with discordant findings may benefit from more aggressive resections at earlier stages to achieve better seizure control and ensure functional plasticity.
THE HYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY OF GASEOUS COSMIC FILAMENTS
Authors: Birnboim Yuval , Padnos Dan , Zinger Elad 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
Virial shocks at the edges of cosmic-web structures are a clear prediction of standard structure formation theories. We derive a criterion for the stability of the post-shock gas and of the virial shock itself in spherical, filamentary, and planar infall geometries. When gas cooling is important, we find that shocks become unstable, and gas flows uninterrupted toward the center of the respective halo, filament, or sheet. For filaments, we impose this criterion on self-similar infall solutions. We find that instability is expected for filament masses between 1011 and 1013

Mpc−1. Using a simplified toy model, we then show that these filaments will likely feed halos with 1010
M
⊙ ≲ M
halo ≲ 1013
M
⊙ at redshift z = 3, as well as 1012
M
⊙ ≲ M
halo ≲ 1015
M
⊙ at z = 0. The instability will affect the survivability of the filaments as they penetrate gaseous halos in a non-trivial way. Additionally, smaller halos accreting onto non-stable filaments will not be subject to ram pressure inside the filaments. The instreaming gas will continue toward the center and stop either once its angular momentum balances the gravitational attraction, or when its density becomes so high that it becomes self-shielded to radiation.
The practice of karate and the control of aggressiveness in prison
Authors: Frigout Jérôme , Laporte Renaud , Collard Luc , Le Bris Pauline 
Published: November 2016

À la maison d’arrêt de Fresnes, des détenus pratiquent le karaté. Si les bienfaits du sport en prison sont un principe admis, qu’en est-il des effets pédagogiques de la pratique d’un sport de combat en milieu carcéral ? L’analyse des conduites motrices agressives en karaté, cherche à vérifier si cette pratique apporte une régulation des affects, en comparant 188 observations réalisées en milieu associatif et 77 en détention. Ces observations discriminent l’agressivité licite, sur une échelle de valeurs graduées de -2 à 2 (sur la base d’indicateurs comportementaux objectifs annonciateurs du degré d’agressivité). Bousculant des idées reçues, les résultats révèlent que les karatékas associatifs (KA) sont plus agressifs – sur le plan « praxique » (1,71, écart-type (é-t) = 0,58) et « kinésique » (1,42, é-t = 0,81) – que les karatékas détenus (KD) – respectivement 0,86, é-t = 1,17 et 0,3, é-t = 1,08. De leur côté, les processus de civilité s’expriment sur des moyennes de -2 pour les KA contre - 0,81 pour les KD. Le karaté peut-il alors avoir une place en prison comme activité sportive ? La réponse semble affirmative. Sous réserve de processus ré-éducatif global, cette activité ne pouvant cependant garantir par elle-même solutionner le problème de la réinsertion.
Agressivité, domination et exclusion en EPS : étude de cas d’une école publique espagnole
Authors: Franco Flavia , Besombes Nicolas 
Published: November 2016

La thématique de la violence à l’école est récurrente dans les recherches en sciences sociales. En EPS, les caractéristiques des jeux sportifs influencent la dynamique relationnelle des élèves pendant les cours. L’objectif de l’article est de questionner l’influence des pratiques physiques proposées en EPS sur les conflits observés au sein d’une école publique espagnole. Nous avons observé les cours d’EPS d’une classe de 6 e année de Primaire pendant l’année 2009/2010. D’un côté, nous avons détecté au cours de nos observations la présence de différentes formes de violence. De l’autre, nous avons élaboré des fiches d’analyse de la logique interne des 242 situations motrices proposées, afin d’identifier les pourcentages de temps de pratique relatifs de ces différentes situations. Les résultats montrent que l’EPS espagnole reproduit le modèle compétitif des sports collectifs puisque prédominent les duels symétriques (39,7 %) avec système de score (71 %). La pratique systématique de ces activités semble favoriser l’agressivité des élèves, à travers d’une part la domination des uns, et d’autre part l’exclusion et la frustration des autres. Les conflits observés seraient alors le reflet de ces duels. La victoire, en étant l’objectif principal, fait apparaître des phénomènes de triche, des disputes, des gestèmes agressifs et l’exclusion des jeunes filles tout en renforçant la domination d’une équipe sur l’autre.
Attenuation of quorum sensing-regulated behaviour by Tinospora cordifolia extract & identification of its active constituents
Authors: Gala Viraj C. , John Nithya R. , Bhagwat Ashok M. , Datar Ajit G. , Kharkar Prashant S. , Desai Krutika B. 
Published: November 2016

Background & objectives:
The pathogenicity of the nosocomial pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii is regulated by their quorum sensing (QS) systems. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of the cold ethyl acetate extract of Tinospora cordifolia stem on virulence and biofilm development in the wild type and clinical strains of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. The study was further aimed to identify the probable active constituents in the plant extract.

Methods:

P. aeruginosa virulence factors viz., LasA protease, LasB elastase and pyocyanin production were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Biofilm formation was studied using crystal violet staining-microtitre plate assay. The plant extract was fractionated using silica gel column chromatography and the most active fraction was derivatized using silylation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In silico testing of the molecules identified in GC-MS was performed, for binding to the P. aeruginosa LasI and LasR proteins, to predict the QS inhibitory molecules.

Results:
The plant extract inhibited three major virulence factors in P. aeruginosa; it exhibited enhanced biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa while decreased biofilm development in A. baumannii. The most active fraction obtained from column chromatography, exhibited suppression of virulence as well as biofilm in both the organisms. Docking scores were calculated for all the molecules identified in GC-MS, and high docking scores were obtained for 2,3,4-triacetyloxybutyl acetate, methyl 16-methyl heptadecanoate, 2-(5-ethenyl-5-methyloxolan-2-yl)propan-2-ol, methyl hexadecanoate and 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The compounds showing high docking scores could probably be the QS inhibitors. These molecules can be screened further for the development of new anti-infective drugs.
Histological Changes of the Acetabular Labrum in Coxarthrosis: Labral Degeneration and Repair
Authors: Domzalski Marcin E. , Synder Marek , Karauda Anna , Papierz Wielislaw 
Published: November 2016

Introduction The current study was designed to describe types of histological changes within the acetabular labrum in the advanced stages of coxarthrosis, in patients requiring total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods 77 consecutive patients without systemic disorders or prior hip surgery, scheduled for THA with 3 types of coxarthrosis: avascular necrosis (AVN), idiopathic, and dysplastic coxarthrosis were analysed. Patient's data: age, gender, side of the involvement, duration of the symptoms were recorded, and standard anteroposterior (AP) radiographic views of the pelvis were obtained. During THA procedure the acetabular labrum was harvested and examined histologically and immunohistochemically. The mean chondrocytes number and density were calculated using morphometric techniques. Results In 77 analysed acetabular labra the following histological changes were found: heterogenic matrix, foci of granular matrix breakdown, pseudocysts, intralabral c alcifications, chondrocyte apoptosis, inflammatory reaction with lymphocytes infiltration and macrophages infiltration and vascular proliferation with 2 stages of maturation: endothelial cell formation and fully formed blood vessels. The average chondrocytes density was 478 cells in 1 mm2 and significantly decreased with age. Conclusions The acetabular labrum is an important part of the process of degeneration of the hip in osteoarthritis (OA). Vascular formation and cellular infiltration found in the damaged fibrocartilage may represent a labral response to degenerative changes.
High Cut-Off Hemofiltration versus Standard Hemofiltration: Effect on Plasma Cytokines
Authors: Atari Rafidah , Peck Leah , Visvanathan Kumar , Skinner Narelle , Eastwood Glenn , Bellomo Rinaldo , Storr Markus , Goehl Hermann 
Published: November 2016

Purpose To study the effects of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) with high cut-off filters (CVVH-HCO) on plasma cytokine levels, sieving coefficient and clearance compared to CVVH using standard filters (CVVH-Std) in a nested cohort within a double-blind randomized controlled trial in severe acute kidney injury (AKI) patients. Methods We measured plasma and post-filter levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-8, IL-1 beta, RANTES, IL-10, IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha in both study groups. We also measured cytokine levels in the ultrafiltrate and calculated sieving coefficients and clearances. Results By 72 hours of treatment, IL-6 had decreased during both treatments (p = 0.009 and 0.005 respectively). In contrast, IL-10 had decreased with CVVH-Std (p = 0.03) but not CVVH-HCO (p = 0.135). None of the other cytokines showed changes over time. There were also no significant between group differences in plasma levels for each cytokine over the 72-hour treatment period. For all cytokines combined, however, the median sieving coefficient was higher for CVVH-HCO (0.31 vs. 0.16; p = 0.042) as was the mass removal rate by ultrafiltration (p = 0.027). While overall combined cytokine levels had fallen to 62.2% of baseline at 72 hours for CVVH-HCO (p<0.0001) and to 75.9% of baseline with CVVH-Std (p = 0.008) there were no between group differences. Conclusions CVVH-HCO achieved greater combined sieving coefficient and mass removal rate by ultrafiltration for a group of key cytokines than CVVH-Std. However, this effect did not differentially lower their plasma level over the first 72 hours. Our study does not support the use of CVVH-HCO to lower cytokines in critically ill patients with AKI.
Clinicopathological Significance of Loss of p27Kip1 Expression in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Kim Nae Yu , Kim Jin Hwa , Pyo Jung-Soo , Cho Won Jin 
Published: November 2016

Introduction A meta-analysis was done to investigate the clinicopathological significance of the loss of p27kip1 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods The meta-analysis involving 17 studies included 1,652 PTC and 328 benign cases. The rate of p27kip1 expression loss in PTC and benign lesions, and the correlations between p27kip1 expression loss and clinicopathological characteristics of PTC were determined. Results The estimated rate of p27kip1 expression loss was 0.557 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.443-0.665) and 0.139 (95% CI 0.062-0.283) in PTC and benign lesions, respectively. In subgroup analysis, the rates of p27kip1 expression loss were 0.683, 0.393, and 0.414 in the classical variant, follicular variant, and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, respectively. Loss of p27kip1 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis (odds ratio 3.559, 95% CI 1.146-11.056 and 4.735, 95% CI 1.322-16.960, respectively). Extrathyroidal extension was correlated with loss of p27kip1 expression, but not in a statistically significant way (p = 0.051). There were no significant correlations between loss of p27kip1 expression and sex, tumor size, BRAFV600E mutation, and tumor multifocality. Conclusions Loss of p27kip1 expression is frequently found in PTC compared with benign lesions and normal thyroid tissue. When present in PTC, it is correlated with aggressive tumor behavior.
Guidance markers increase the accuracy of simulated ultrasound-guided vascular access: an observational cohort study in a phantom
Authors: Thorn Sofie , Aagaard Hansen Marlene , Sloth Erik , Knudsen Lars 
Published: November 2016

Introduction Peripheral ultrasound (US)-guided vascular access is gaining popularity. Though studies have demonstrated that US-guided vascular access has several advantages, the procedure is challenging to even the most experienced operator. The aim of this observational cohort study was to investigate whether adding guidance markers on a US system would increase the accuracy of US-guided needle tip placement compared to no guidance markers. Methods A total of 18 physicians and 12 nurses familiar with US-guided vascular access volunteered to participate. Two identical US systems were used. System A was as manufactured. System B included three guide markers drawn on the transducer and screen. The participants performed six needle insertions in a gelatin phantom with three imbedded targets. First participants used US system A and then US system B. Primary endpoint was horizontal distance between needle tip and target. Secondary endpoint was participant's subjective feeling of advantage of the guidance markers measured on a Likert scale. Results Guidance markers on the US system significantly increased the accuracy of needle placement on all three targets individually (p = 0.00) and on overall placement, (inter-quartile range 3.21 mm vs. 0.49 mm, p = 0.00). In addition, the use of guidance markers eliminated the difference in accuracy between physicians and nurses, respectively. All participants evaluated the guidance markers to be helpful during the needle insertions. Conclusions Adding guidance markers to the US system significantly increased the accuracy of needle placement in the horizontal plane during simulated US-guided vascular access using a phantom.
Elements of dialysis nursing practice associated with successful cannulation: result of an international survey
Authors: Parisotto Maria Teresa , Pelliccia Francesco , Grassmann Aileen , Marcelli Daniele 
Published: November 2016

Background/aim Vascular access (VA) cannulation is an essential skill for dialysis nurses: failure to correctly repeat this operation daily may result in serious complications for the patients. This study investigates if different aspects of arteriovenous fistula and graft cannulation have an effect on the development of acute access complications, which may affect the VA survival. Methods In April 2009 a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 171 dialysis units located in Europe, the Middle East and Africa to collect details on VA cannulation practices. Information on cannulation retrieved from the survey comprised fistula type and location, cannulation technique, needle size, use of disinfectants and of local anaesthetics, application of arm compression at the time of cannulation, needle and bevel direction, needle rotation, and needle fixation. Five categories of complications were investigated: multiple-cannulation, infiltration, haematoma, haemorrhage and unknown. Results There were 10,807 cannulation procedures evaluated in the same number of patients. Of these, 367 showed some kind of complication, the most frequent (33.8%) being the need for multiple-cannulation. The following were associated with a significantly higher odds ratio for occurrence of an acute complication: prescription of back-eye needles, use of rope-ladder cannulation technique, insertion of venous needle as first needle, and rotation of the arterial needle. Use of 16-17-gauge needles was also significantly associated with complications, but this possibly reflects poor quality of the VA. Conclusions The risk of an acute VA complication could be reduced with appropriate training of nurses, physicians and patients. This could potentially prolong the VA life.
Internal jugular dimensions and common carotid overlapping assessed in a cross-sectional study by ultrasonography at three neck levels in healthy volunteers
Authors: Norin Helena , Pikwer Andreas , Fellert Fredrik , Åkeson Jonas 
Published: November 2016

Background Cannulation of the internal jugular vein may be associated with inadvertent puncture of the common carotid artery. Systematic use of ultrasound guidance has improved clinical success rates and reduced complications, but better knowledge of topographic relationships of the internal jugular vein and common carotid artery is desirable. This preclinical study was designed to determine by ultrasound technique relative topographic characteristics in humans of the internal jugular veins and common carotid arteries at different levels on both sides of the neck. Methods One hundred and twenty healthy volunteers were examined bilaterally by ultrasound at three neck levels with and without contralateral rotation of the head. Twelve digital pictures were recorded and used to determine venous diameters and extents of arteriovenous overlapping in each subject. Results Venous dimensions and arteriovenous overlapping were larger on the right side (p = 0.008) regardless of head rotation at all levels. There was more arteriovenous overlapping with than without rotation at right high- and mid-cervical levels (p<0.001). The only difference between right mid- and low-cervical levels was less arteriovenous overlapping at mid-cervical level without rotation (p = 0.017). The smallest venous dimensions and extent of arteriovenous overlapping were recorded at high-cervical level. Conclusions Despite similar venous dimensions, less arteriovenous overlapping regardless of head rotation at mid-cervical level, together with the pleural proximity at low-cervical level, propose the internal jugular vein to be anatomically (other factors disregarded) favorable for vascular access on the right side, at mid-cervical level, close to the angle between the sternocleidomastoid muscle bellies, and with minimal rotation of the head.
Intraprostatic Chronic Inflammation is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Prostate Cancer in Patients Elected to a First Random Biopsy Set
Authors: Porcaro Antonio B. , Novella Giovanni , de Luyk Nicolò , Corsi Paolo , Cacciamani Giovanni , Sebben Marco , Tafuri Alessandro , Processali Tania , Cerasuolo Mattia , Cerruto Maria A. , Brunelli Matteo , Siracusano Salvatore , Artibani Walter 
Published: November 2016

Objectives To investigate the associations of clinical factors and intraprostatic chronic inflammatory infiltrate (CII) with the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in a large contemporary cohort of patients elected to a first random biopsy set. Materials and Methods The study evaluated 596 patients who were elected to a first random biopsy set because of suspected PCa in the period between September 2010 and September 2015. The multivariate logistic regression model investigated the possible associations of clinical factors and intraprostatic CII with PCa. Results Prostate cancer was detected in 292 of 596 patients (49%). Intraprostatic CII was detected in 26.3% of cases. Age (odds ratio, OR = 1.060; p<.0001), prostate-specific antigen (PSA; OR = 1.174; p<.0001), prostate volume (PV; OR = 0.951; p<.0001) and abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE; OR = 2.170; p = 0.001) were independent predictors of PCa risk; moreover, intraprostatic CII was an important independent factor lowering the risk of PCa (OR = 0.258; p<.0001) in the multivariate clinical model. Conclusions In a large contemporary cohort of patients elected to a first random biopsy set, the detection of intraprostatic CII was not negligible (26.3%) and associated with a reduced risk of PCa. In the prostate microenvironment, intraprostatic CII might lower the risk of PCa by activating the response of the immune system at the early stages of cancer induction and progression. Specific serum biomarkers and imaging modalities associated with intraprostatic CII are required. Advanced basic science research is warranted to investigate and develop the controversial topic of intraprostatic chronic inflammation in relation to PCa.
Snap-shot optical polarization spectroscopy using radially polarized pulses
Authors: Shigematsu Kyohhei , Suzuki Masato , Yamane Keisaku , Morita Ryuji , Toda Yasunori 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
By using radially polarized pulses for excitation in degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) spectroscopy, we realize highly sensitive snap-shot measurement of optical anisotropies in semiconductor films. Because the radially polarized pulses exhibit spatially varying linear polarizations, the optical anisotropies in samples can be evaluated from the spatial distributions of DFWM signals without rotating the polarization of the excitation pulses. We measure the excitons in GaN layers and evaluate the energies of uniaxial strain and the spin-exchange interaction constant. Our results prove both the accuracy and sensitivity of the snap-shot measurement.
Single-crystalline epitaxial platinum film on yttrium-stabilized zirconia (111) prepared by sputtering deposition
Authors: Tanaka Hiroyuki , Taniguchi Masateru 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Sputtering is an important film deposition method that has been used for the fabrication of thin films used in basic research to the mass production process in factories. However, single-crystalline epitaxial platinum film has not been successfully prepared on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) (111) substrates by the sputtering method. We have deposited platinum by inductively coupled plasma-assisted sputtering on YSZ(111) with postdeposition annealing at 750–850 °C. As a result, single-crystalline epitaxial films with a root mean square roughness better than 0.2 nm were successfully fabricated.