bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Inspection of Imports to Prevent Invasive Pest Introduction
Authors: Chen Cuicui , Epanchin‐Niell Rebecca S. , Haight Robert G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe United States imports more than 1 billion live plants annually—an important and growing pathway for introduction of damaging nonnative invertebrates and pathogens. Inspection of imports is one safeguard for reducing pest introductions, but capacity constraints limit inspection effort. We develop an optimal sampling strategy to minimize the costs of pest introductions from trade by posing inspection as an acceptance sampling problem that incorporates key features of the decision context, including (i) simultaneous inspection of many heterogeneous lots, (ii) a lot‐specific sampling effort, (iii) a budget constraint that limits total inspection effort, (iv) inspection error, and (v) an objective of minimizing cost from accepted defective units. We derive a formula for expected number of accepted infested units (expected slippage) given lot size, sample size, infestation rate, and detection rate, and we formulate and analyze the inspector's optimization problem of allocating a sampling budget among incoming lots to minimize the cost of slippage. We conduct an empirical analysis of live plant inspection, including estimation of plant infestation rates from historical data, and find that inspections optimally target the largest lots with the highest plant infestation rates, leaving some lots unsampled. We also consider that USDA‐APHIS, which administers inspections, may want to continue inspecting all lots at a baseline level; we find that allocating any additional capacity, beyond a comprehensive baseline inspection, to the largest lots with the highest infestation rates allows inspectors to meet the dual goals of minimizing the costs of slippage and maintaining baseline sampling without substantial compromise.
Impact of Cooking Procedures and Storage Practices at Home on Consumer Exposure to Listeria Monocytogenes and Salmonella Due to the Consumption of Pork Meat
Authors: De Cesare Alessandra , Doménech Eva , Comin Damiano , Meluzzi Adele , Manfreda Gerardo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe objective of this research was to analyze the impact of different cooking procedures (i.e., gas hob and traditional static oven) and levels of cooking (i.e., rare, medium, and well‐done) on inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella in pork loin chops. Moreover, the consumer's exposure to both microorganisms after simulation of meat leftover storage at home was assessed. The results showed that well‐done cooking in a static oven was the only treatment able to inactivate the tested pathogens. The other cooking combinations allowed to reach in the product temperatures always ≥73.6 °C, decreasing both pathogens between 6 log10 cfu/g and 7 log10 cfu/g. However, according to simulation results, the few cells surviving cooking treatments can multiply during storage by consumers up to 1 log10 cfu/g, with probabilities of 0.059 (gas hob) and 0.035 (static oven) for L. monocytogenes and 0.049 (gas hob) and 0.031 (static oven) for Salmonella. The key factors affecting consumer exposure in relation to storage practices were probability of pathogen occurrence after cooking, doneness degree, time of storage, and time of storage at room temperature. The results of this study can be combined with prevalence data and dose–response models in risk assessment models and included in guidelines for consumers on practices to be followed to manage cooking of pork meat at home.
Estimating Onset Time from Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Data with an Application to Estimating Gestational Age from Longitudinal Maternal Anthropometry During Pregnancy and Neonatal Anthropometry at Birth
Authors: Ortega-Villa Ana Maria , Grantz Katherine L. , Albert Paul S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDetermining the date of conception is important for estimating gestational age and monitoring whether the fetus and mother are on track in their development and pregnancy. Various methods based on ultrasound have been proposed for dating a pregnancy in high resource countries. However, such techniques may not be available in under-resourced countries. We develop a shared random-parameter model for estimating the date of conception by using longitudinal assessment of multiple maternal anthropometry and cross-sectional neonatal anthropometry. The methodology is evaluated with a training–test set paradigm as well as with simulations to examine the robustness of the method to model misspecification. We illustrate this new methodology with data from the National Institute of Child Health and Development fetal growth studies.
Pfeiffer syndrome: oral healthcare management and description of new dental findings in a craniosynostosis
Authors: Hassona Yazan , Al‐Hadidi Abeer , Ghlassi Thaer Abu , Dali Hanin El , Scully Crispian 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTPfeiffer syndrome is a rare fibroblast growth factor receptor‐related craniosynostosis with variable clinical presentations. We describe new dental findings of hypodontia, microdontia, dilacerations, and radicular dentin dysplasia in a 19‐year‐old girl, and discuss the oral health management.
Enucleation or exenteration in two dogs with previous parotid duct transposition: parotid duct ligation versus reverse parotid duct transposition
Authors: Young Whitney M. , Betbeze Caroline M. , Fisher Stephen C. , Boulay James P. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTwo dogs with previous parotid duct transpositions presented with unrelated ocular disease. In both cases, ophthalmic examination revealed the need for enucleation or exenteration. In case 1, systemic coccidioidomycosis was diagnosed with panuveitis and secondary glaucoma of the left eye. In this case, the parotid duct was ligated at the time of enucleation to stop salivary secretions. This dog encountered morbidity in the form of a sialocele that did not resolve for 11 months. In case 2, ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a discrete mass within the left medial orbit that was suspected to arise from the nictitating membrane. A combination of exenteration and parotid duct transposition reversal was performed to avoid morbidity associated with ligation of the parotid duct. The dog encountered no complications from this novel procedure. This case report represents the first report of re‐routing a transposed parotid duct from the ventral conjunctival sac back to the mouth at the time of enucleation or exenteration in the dog.
Tear fluid collection in dogs and cats using ophthalmic sponges
Authors: Sebbag Lionel , Harrington Danielle M. , Mochel Jonathan P. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the use of two ophthalmic sponges for tear collection in dogs and cats.Animals studiedTen healthy dogs and 10 healthy cats.ProceduresA strip (4 × 10 mm) of either cellulose or polyvinyl acetal (PVA) sponge was inserted into the ventral fornix of each eye for either 15, 30, or 60 s. The wetted strip was placed into a 0.2‐mL tube that was first punctured at its bottom. Tears were eluted through the drainage hole into a 1.5‐mL tube via centrifugation. Tear volume absorbed (VA) and tear volume recovered (VR) were calculated as the difference of the post‐ and precollection weight of the 0.2‐mL tube and 1.5‐mL tube, respectively. Recovery ratio (RR) was determined as the ratio between VR and VA.ResultsOphthalmic sponges were well tolerated by all subjects. In dogs and cats, median (95% range) VA, VR, and RR were as follows: 44 μL (11–106 μL) and 16 μL (2–43 μL); 27 μL (1–84 μL) and 6 μL (0–29 μL); 64% (7–91%) and 35% (0–86%), respectively. PVA sponges achieved significantly greater VR in cats and RR in both species. All parameters were significantly greater with a collection time of 60 vs. 30 and 15 s. Body weight was associated with VA and VR in dogs but not cats.ConclusionsPolyvinyl acetal is better than cellulose for tear collection given its superior recovery. Ophthalmic sponges could facilitate routine analysis of tear fluid in dogs and cats, although further studies are needed to evaluate the quality of tears obtained with this method.
Actin protects mammalian eggs against chromosome segregation errors
Authors: Mogessie Binyam , Schuh Melina 
Published: August 2017

Actin helps chromosome segregation in eggs
Spindle microtubules are well known to orchestrate the segregation of chromosomes during egg development. But the other major cytoskeletal component, actin, has not been thought to play a role in this process. Mogessie and Schuh examined how chromosomes are segregated in mammalian cells (see the Perspective by Maiato and Ferrás). Instead of using an entirely microtubule-dependent mechanism, mammalian oocytes use a second spindle that is made of F-actin to segregate their chromosomes correctly. Actin associated with the spindle bundles microtubules into functional kinetochore fibers, the key structures that drive chromosome segregation. Increasing or decreasing the number of actin filaments in the spindle causes an imbalance in kinetochore fiber bundling, which results in chromosome segregation errors and aneuploidy, a frequent cause of miscarriage and Down syndrome in humans.

Science
, this issue p.
eaal1647
; see also p.
756
The dual frontier: Patented inventions and prior scientific advance
Authors: Ahmadpoor Mohammad , Jones Benjamin F. 
Published: August 2017

Picking up a patent
What is the relationship between patents and scientific advances? Ahmadpoor and Jones devised a metric for the “distance” between patentable inventions and prior research to study this question. They analyzed the relationship between 4.8 million U.S. patents and 32 million research articles. Universities tended to cite their own research directly in their patents (in other words, a distance of 1), but the distance was greater for companies, suggesting that companies may rely on outsiders for their foundational research. The distance varied by discipline, with nanotechnology and computer science having the shortest distances between published research and patents.

Science
, this issue p.
583
Two areas for familiar face recognition in the primate brain
Authors: Landi Sofia M. , Freiwald Winrich A. 
Published: August 2017

I've seen this face beforeWe have known for some time that there is a network of brain regions for face recognition. However, how and where face familiarity is encoded has been elusive for decades. Landi and Freiwald performed brain imaging in macaques and identified two areas specifically involved in recognizing familiar faces. These two areas showed a nonlinear response as blurred faces gradually became visible, rapidly becoming active when the faces of familiar monkeys became recognizable.Science, this issue p.591
Association between maternal vitamin D deficiency and small for gestational age: evidence from a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Chen Yao , Zhu Beibei , Wu Xiaoyan , Li Si , Tao Fangbiao 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo determine whether maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is associated with small for gestational age (SGA).MethodsA comprehensive literature search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and the Elsevier ScienceDirect library was conducted to identify relevant articles reporting prospective cohort studies in English, with the last report included published in February 2017. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the correlation in a random effects model.ResultsA total of 13 cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis with a sample of 28 285 individuals from seven countries. The pooled overall OR for babies born SGA was 1.588 (95%CI 1.138 to 2.216; p<0.01) for women with vitamin D deficiency. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy varied from 13.2% to 77.3%. Subgroup analyses identified no significant differences in the association between vitamin D deficiency and SGA based on study quality, gestational week during which blood sampling was performed, cut-off vitamin D levels, sample size, adjustment for critical confounders and method for measuring vitamin D.ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests that vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of SGA.
Rectifying characteristics and tunable magnetoresistance in heterojunctions of La0.9Hf0.1MnO3/0.05 wt.% Nb-doped SrTiO3
Authors: Qi Yaping , Liu Xiangbo , Ni Hao , Zheng Ming , Chen Liping , Wang Lin , Jiang Yucheng , Zhao Meng , Gao Ju 
Published: August 2017

La[Formula: see text]Hf[Formula: see text]MnO3 films were grown on 0.05 wt.% Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction measurements demonstrated that our samples were of good epitaxy and single-crystal. The temperature-dependent resistance has been investigated. It was observed that the as-grown film of La[Formula: see text]Hf[Formula: see text]MnO3 exhibited a typical paramagnetic-ferromagnetic transition. Heterojunctions of La[Formula: see text]Hf[Formula: see text]MnO3/0.05 wt.% Nb-doped SrTiO3 exhibited-asymmetric current–voltage characteristics and a remarkable temperature-dependent rectifying behavior in a wide temperature range (from 40 K to 300 K). And the most remarkable observation of this work is the existence of a crossover from positive to negative magnetoresistance in the La[Formula: see text]Hf[Formula: see text]MnO3/0.05 wt.% Nb-doped SrTiO3 heterojunction as the temperature decreases. A temperature-dependent magnetoresistance was studied as well. The rectifying characteristics and tunable magnetoresistance of these heterojunctions may be attributed to band structure of La[Formula: see text]Hf[Formula: see text]MnO3/0.05 wt.% Nb-doped SrTiO3 heterojunction.
Efficacy and Safety of a Pharmaco-Invasive Strategy With Half-Dose Alteplase Versus Primary Angioplasty in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Pu Jun , Ding Song , Ge Heng , Han Yaling , Guo Jinchen , Lin Rong , Su Xi , Zhang Heng , Chen Lianglong , He Ben 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Timely primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) cannot be offered to all patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Pharmaco-invasive (PhI) strategy has been proposed as a valuable alternative for eligible patients with STEMI. We conducted a randomized study to compare the efficacy and safety of a PhI strategy with half-dose fibrinolytic regimen versus PPCI in patients with STEMI.

Methods:
The EARLY-MYO trial (Early Routine Catheterization After Alteplase Fibrinolysis Versus Primary PCI in Acute ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction) was an investigator-initiated, prospective, multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial comparing a PhI strategy with half-dose alteplase versus PPCI in patients with STEMI 18 to 75 years of age presenting ≤6 hours after symptom onset but with an expected PCI-related delay. The primary end point of the study was complete epicardial and myocardial reperfusion after PCI, defined as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade 3, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction myocardial perfusion grade 3, and ST-segment resolution ≥70%. We also measured infarct size and left ventricular ejection fraction with cardiac magnetic resonance and recorded 30-day clinical and safety outcomes.

Results:

A total of 344 patients from 7 centers were randomized to PhI (n=171) or PPCI (n=173). PhI was noninferior (and even superior) to PPCI for the primary end point (34.2% versus 22.8%,
P
noninferiority
<0.05,
P
superiority
=0.022), with no significant differences in the frequency of the individual components of the combined end point: thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow 3 (91.3% versus 89.2%,
P
=0.580), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction myocardial perfusion grade 3 (65.8% versus 62.9%,
P
=0.730), and ST-segment resolution ≥70% (50.9% versus 45.5%,
P
=0.377). Infarct size (23.3%±11.3% versus 25.8%±13.7%,
P
=0.101) and left ventricular ejection fraction (52.2%±11.0% versus 51.4%±12.0%,
P
=0.562) were similar in both groups. No significant differences occurred in 30-day rates of total death (0.6% versus 1.2%,
P
=1.0), reinfarction (0.6% versus 0.6%,
P
=1.0), heart failure (13.5% versus 16.2%,
P
=0.545), major bleeding events (0.6% versus 0%,
P
=0.497), or intracranial hemorrhage (0% versus 0%), but minor bleeding (26.9% versus 11.0%,
P
<0.001) was observed more often in the PhI group.

Conclusions:
For patients with STEMI presenting ≤6 hours after symptom onset and with an expected PCI-related delay, a PhI strategy with half-dose alteplase and timely PCI offers more complete epicardial and myocardial reperfusion when compared with PPCI. Adequately powered trials with this reperfusion strategy to assess clinical and safety outcomes are warranted.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01930682.
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Puymirat Etienne , Simon Tabassome , Cayla Guillaume , Cottin Yves , Elbaz Meyer , Coste Pierre , Lemesle Gilles , Motreff Pascal , Popovic Batric , Khalife Khalife , Labèque Jean-Noel , Perret Thibaut , Le Ray Christophe , Orion Laurent , Jouve Bernard , Blanchard Didier , Peycher Patrick , Silvain Johanne , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Goldstein Patrick , Guéret Pascal , Belle Loic , Aissaoui Nadia , Ferrières Jean , Schiele François , Danchin Nicolas 
Published: August 2017

Background:
ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) management has evolved considerably over the past 2 decades. Little information on mortality trends in the most recent years is available. We assessed trends in characteristics, treatments, and outcomes for acute myocardial infarction in France between 1995 and 2015.

Methods:
We used data from 5 one-month registries, conducted 5 years apart, from 1995 to 2015, including 14 423 patients with acute myocardial infarction (59% STEMI) admitted to cardiac intensive care units in metropolitan France.

Results:
From 1995 to 2015, mean age decreased from 66±14 to 63±14 years in patients with STEMI; it remained stable (68±14 years) in patients with NSTEMI, whereas diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypertension increased. At the acute stage, intended primary percutaneous coronary intervention increased from 12% (1995) to 76% (2015) in patients with STEMI. In patients with NSTEMI, percutaneous coronary intervention ≤72 hours from admission increased from 9% (1995) to 60% (2015). Six-month mortality consistently decreased in patients with STEMI from 17.2% in 1995 to 6.9% in 2010 and 5.3% in 2015; it decreased from 17.2% to 6.9% in 2010 and 6.3% in 2015 in patients with NSTEMI. Mortality still decreased after 2010 in patients with STEMI without reperfusion therapy, whereas no further mortality gain was found in patients with STEMI with reperfusion therapy or in patients with NSTEMI, whether or not they were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention.

Conclusions:
Over the past 20 years, 6-month mortality after acute myocardial infarction has decreased considerably for patients with STEMI and NSTEMI. Mortality figures continued to decline in patients with STEMI until 2015, whereas mortality in patients with NSTEMI appears stable since 2010.
Mental Disorder Symptoms among Public Safety Personnel in Canada
Authors: Carleton R. Nicholas , Afifi Tracie O. , Turner Sarah , Taillieu Tamara , Duranceau Sophie , LeBouthillier Daniel M. , Sareen Jitender , Ricciardelli Rose , MacPhee Renee S. , Groll Dianne , Hozempa Kadie , Brunet Alain , Weekes John R. , Griffiths Curt T. , Abrams Kelly J. , Jones Nicholas A. , Beshai Shadi , Cramm Heidi A. , Dobson Keith S. , Hatcher Simon , Keane Terence M. , Stewart Sherry H. , Asmundson Gordon J. G. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Canadian public safety personnel (PSP; e.g., correctional workers, dispatchers, firefighters, paramedics, police officers) are exposed to potentially traumatic events as a function of their work. Such exposures contribute to the risk of developing clinically significant symptoms related to mental disorders. The current study was designed to provide estimates of mental disorder symptom frequencies and severities for Canadian PSP. Methods: An online survey was made available in English or French from September 2016 to January 2017. The survey assessed current symptoms, and participation was solicited from national PSP agencies and advocacy groups. Estimates were derived using well-validated screening measures. Results: There were 5813 participants (32.5% women) who were grouped into 6 categories (i.e., call center operators/dispatchers, correctional workers, firefighters, municipal/provincial police, paramedics, Royal Canadian Mounted Police). Substantial proportions of participants reported current symptoms consistent with 1 (i.e., 15.1%) or more (i.e., 26.7%) mental disorders based on the screening measures. There were significant differences across PSP categories with respect to proportions screening positive based on each measure. Interpretation: The estimated proportion of PSP reporting current symptom clusters consistent with 1 or more mental disorders appears higher than previously published estimates for the general population; however, direct comparisons are impossible because of methodological differences. The available data suggest that Canadian PSP experience substantial and heterogeneous difficulties with mental health and underscore the need for a rigorous epidemiologic study and category-specific solutions.
The Influence of Physical and Psychosocial Factors on Disruptive Pain Among Seriously Ill Home Care Patients
Authors: Davidson Jacob G. S. , Guthrie Dawn M. 
Published: August 2017

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and correlates of disruptive pain in a sample of seriously ill home care patients in the Canadian province of Ontario. Methods: The design was a cross-sectional analysis of secondary data from 2757 patients aged 65+. Results: Overall, 69.0% (n = 1902) had any level of pain and 41.6% (n = 1146) indicated that their pain disrupted their usual activities. In the univariate analysis of demographics, the risk of disruptive pain decreased significantly with increasing age ( P < .0001) and was significantly less common among men ( P = .0015). Multivariate analysis showed that unsteady gait (relative risk [RR] = 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-1.59), arthritis (RR = 1.35; 95% CI, 1.23-1.49), symptoms of depression (RR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.13-1.37), and declines in social activity that the patient rated as distressing (RR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.08-1.31) were independently associated with disruptive pain. Conclusion: Disruptive pain is highly prevalent in this group, and the key factors associated with this outcome represent physical as well as psychosocial domain areas.