bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dendritic cell–specific deletion of PKCδ in offspring of allergic mothers prevents the predisposition for development of allergic lung inflammation in offspring
Authors: Lajiness Jacquelyn D , Bloodworth Jeffrey C , Blankenship Ross L , Kosins Allison E , Cook-Mills Joan M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In humans and in mice, maternal allergy predisposes offspring to development of allergy. In murine models, increased levels of maternal β-glucosylceramides are both necessary and sufficient for the development of allergic predisposition in offspring. Furthermore, increased numbers of CD11b+ dendritic cell subsets in the offspring of allergic mothers are associated with allergic predisposition. In vitro, β-glucosylceramides increase CD11b+ dendritic cell subset numbers through increased PKCδ signaling, but it is not known if enhanced PKCδ signaling in dendritic cells is required in vivo. We demonstrate that dendritic cell–specific deletion of PKCδ prevents the β-glucosylceramide–induced increase in CD11b+ dendritic cell subset numbers both in vitro as well as in vivo in the fetal liver of offspring of mothers injected with β-glucosylceramides. Furthermore, dendritic cell–specific deletion of PKCδ in offspring prevents the maternal allergy–induced increase in CD11b+ dendritic cell subsets and decreases allergen-induced interleukin-5 and eosinophilia in lungs of offspring. However, loss of PKCδ in dendritic cells did not prevent development of allergen-specific IgE. Our study provides mechanistic insight into the function of PKCδ in the origins of allergic disease beginning in utero as well as in the development of postnatal allergic lung inflammation.
A numbers game: mosquito-based arbovirus surveillance in two distinct geographic regions of Latin America
Authors: Mojica Jacqueline , Arévalo Valentina , Juarez Jose G , Galarza Ximena , Gonzalez Karla , Carrazco Andrés , Suazo Harold , Harris Eva , Coloma Josefina , Ponce Patricio , Balmaseda Angel , Cevallos Varsovia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aedes mosquitoes, as vectors of medically important arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), constitute a major public health threat that requires entomological and epidemiological surveillance to guide vector control programs to prevent and reduce disease transmission. In this study, we present the collaborative effort of 1 year of Aedes ageypti (Linnaeus, 1762) mosquito-based arbovirus surveillance in 2 geographically distinct regions of Latin America (Nicaragua and Ecuador). Adult female mosquitoes were collected using backpack aspirators in over 2,800 randomly selected households (Nicaragua, Ecuador) and 100 key sites (Nicaragua) from 8 distinct communities (Nicaragua: 2, Ecuador: 6). A total of 1,358 mosquito female pools were processed for RNA extraction and viral RNA detection using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Ten positive dengue virus (DENV) pools were detected (3 in Nicaragua and 7 in Ecuador), all of which were found during the rainy season and matched the serotypes found in humans (Nicaragua: DENV-1 and DENV-4; Ecuador: DENV-2). Infection rates ranged from 1.13 to 23.13, with the Nicaraguan communities having the lowest infection rates. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of detecting DENV-infected Aedes mosquitoes in low-resource settings and underscore the need for targeted mosquito arbovirus sampling and testing, providing valuable insights for future surveillance programs in the Latin American region.
COVID-19 and the Limits of Critical Security Theory: Securitization, Cosmopolitanism, and Pandemic Politics
Authors: Holland Jack , Jarvis Lee 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a growing and important series of efforts to make sense of the post-2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic through diverse lenses within the field of critical security studies (css). In this article, we set out to reverse this analytical gaze, asking not “what can css tell us about COVID-19?” but rather, “what can COVID-19 tell us about css?” In order to do this, we pair two important moments in the UK pandemic response with two prominent, yet very different, strands of critical security research: (i) “covid-secure spaces” with securitization theory and (ii) “self-isolation” imperatives with security cosmopolitanism. COVID-secure spaces, we argue, pose a significant challenge to securitization theory’s framing of security’s spaces and times. Self-isolation practices, meanwhile, raise profound ethical questions for the universalizing aspirations of security cosmopolitanism. By analyzing a ubiquitous, if heterogeneous, security challenge to everyday lived experiences within as well as beyond the Global North, the article develops a novel theoretical contribution to recent work rendering visible the Eurocentric foundations and limitations of critical security theory.
Will trust move mountains? Fostering radical ideas in public organizations
Authors: Avilton Meneses Júnior Raimundo , Jorge Fernandes Coelho Filipe , Dórdio Dimas Isabel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Demands for greater quality of public services and enhanced efficiency have intensified changes in public organizations. Not surprisingly, these organizations are increasingly searching for new and useful ideas, including disruptive ones, to meet current demands. Whereas previous studies on team radical creativity (TRC) have focused on the influence that subordinates’ trust in the supervisor has on this type of creativity, this work innovates by testing the leader’s trust in the team as an antecedent. Drawing on Self-Determination Theory, we further add to knowledge by considering the mediating role of team-perceived organizational support for creativity and the moderating role of team collaborative climate (TCC). The research model was tested with a sample of 228 teams from public organizations with data collected from two sources at three moments in time. We found that the leader’s trust in the team has a direct positive relationship with TRC and an indirect positive relationship with creativity via team-perceived organizational support. We also observed that TCC positively moderates the relationship between the leader’s trust in the team and TRC. These results deliver meaningful theoretical and practical insights into how organizations, especially public ones, can improve team creativity and thus enhance organizational performance.
Systems pharmacology-based drug discovery from Amaryllidaceae alkaloids and investigation of mechanisms of action in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Li Jianing , Chen Jialiang , Qu Dan , Zhu Lin , Ye Shuhong , Li Ming , Li Wei , Ding Yan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Given the success of galanthamine in treating Alzheimer’s disease, this study aims to establish an effective method to find drugs from Amaryllidaceae alkaloids and to clarify its mechanism in treating Alzheimer’s disease.

Methods
The pharmacodynamic basis and mechanism of action between Amaryllidaceae alkaloids and Alzheimer’s disease were explored by constructing a compound-target-disease network, targets protein-protein interaction, gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment, and molecular docking verification.

Key findings
In total, a chemical library of 357 potential alkaloids was constructed. A total of 100 active alkaloid components were identified. Thirty-nine associated targets were yielded based on network construction, and the key targets were defined as HSP90AA1, ESR1, NOS3, PTGS2, and PPARG using protein–protein interaction network. Gene ontology items (490) and 68 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were selected through the enrichment of target functions, including neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, Alzheimer disease, and serotonergic synapse that were related to Alzheimer’s disease. Lastly, molecular docking demonstrated good stability in combining selected alkaloids with targets.

Conclusions
This study explained the mechanisms of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in preventing and treating Alzheimer’s disease and established a novel strategy to discover new drugs from biological chemical sources.
Uterine didelphys with transverse vaginal septum in a 16-year-old female: the third case report in the medical literature
Authors: Alhalak Fadi , Baddoura Mouna , Abboud Fares , Haddad Sultaneh , Hersi Marwa Ahmed , Hamed Rand , Hani Majd Dakhalalah Bani , Jendi Yaren 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Müllerian duct anomalies (MDAs) are congenital disorders of the female genital tract resulting from abnormal embryological development of the Müllerian ducts. These abnormalities occur in approximately 0.5%–5.0% of the general population. The case involves a 16-year-old Middle Eastern female referred to the clinic due to primary amenorrhea and lower abdominal pain. Upon evaluation, we identified a congenital anomaly known as uterine didelphys with a transverse vaginal septum. Uterine didelphys is a type of Müllerian duct anomaly characterized by the complete duplication of the uterus, cervix, and sometimes the vagina. Our case is exceptional, as most reported instances feature a longitudinal vaginal septum with uterine didelphys, and it is rare to find both longitudinal and transverse vaginal septa. The combination of uterine didelphys with only a transverse vaginal septum is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the third reported case of its kind.
Differentiating appendiceal neoplasm from perforated appendiceal diverticulum in chronic appendicitis: a case report
Authors: Edwards Tracey , Anthony Phelopatir , Andrawis Nagy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Low mucinous neoplasm of the appendix (LAMN) and appendiceal diverticulum are both uncommon pathologies that may pose a diagnostic challenge. Both may present as either appendicitis or asymptomatically and have a risk of perforation. LAMN, carries the additional risk of pseudomyxoma pertitonei and metastasis. Ensuring correct histopathology is crucial, as computed tomography (CT) abdomen/pelvis may only demonstrate a mildly dilated appendix, delaying diagnostic laparoscopy and appendicectomy. Here, we describe the case report of a 56-year-old woman who presented with chronic intermittent right iliac fossa pain initially determined to be chronic appendicitis. Following laparoscopic appendicectomy, histopathology demonstrated LAMN, however, on further re- assessment of histopathology, as well as the completion of a normal pan-CT and colonoscopy, a final diagnosis of ruptured appendiceal diverticulum was made. Our case demonstrates the utility of a multi-disciplinary approach in evaluating patients with possible appendiceal LAMN or appendiceal diverticulum.
Case report from Somalia: access to diagnose retinoblastoma among children in a resource-limited country
Authors: Roble Abdullahi Ali , Mohamed Hassan Muhumed , Bekdemir Şükran , Nor Yahye Abshir , Mohamed Said Abdi , Yussuf Asha Abdirahman , Hassan Ibrahim Ali , Kadiye Mohamed Salad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Retinoblastoma, a rare cancer mostly affecting children, makes up ~3% of childhood cancers in developed countries. However, it is more prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, where late diagnosis often leads to advanced disease and higher mortality rates. Here, we present a 3-year-old girl presented with leukocoria and esotropia in her left eye for 3 months. Imaging revealed lens calcification and vitreous seeding, classified as group D, stage I. The child underwent enucleation to save her life, and histopathology showed Flexner–Wintersteiner rosette cells. This case underscores the importance of eye exams at birth and during childhood. Primary healthcare providers should recognize symptoms like leukocoria and esotropia to facilitate early diagnosis of retinoblastoma.
Venous thromboembolism after aesthetic surgeries in low-risk patients without hypercoagulability
Authors: Palacios Huatuco René M , Giovanardi Gabriel , Coloccini Alejandro , Ramírez Mariano F , Sala Hernán F , Mayer Horacio F 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious but rare complication of aesthetic surgery, with an incidence of 0.017% for liposuction and 0.01%–0.02% for augmentation mammoplasty. Despite the low incidence and appropriate patient selection, we present two cases of VTE in low-risk patients without hypercoagulability undergoing aesthetic procedures. In the first case, a 45-year-old woman with a history of anemia developed bilateral pulmonary embolism after ultrasound-assisted liposuction. In the second case, a 33-year-old woman with a history of oral contraceptive use developed deep vein thrombosis in the right upper extremity after augmentation mammoplasty. The patients were treated early and fully recovered after 12 months. This report highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of VTE in aesthetic surgery, even in low-risk patients.
The power of bureaucracies: Shaping migration policy paradigms in Colombia and Ecuador
Authors: Fernández-Rodríguez Nieves , Célleri Daniela 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study explores how bureaucratic structures shape shifting migration policy paradigms in Colombia and Ecuador during the Venezuelan forced displacement. Despite an underdeveloped legal framework, Colombia adopted a welcoming policy, granting Venezuelans a 10-year stay permit, driven by its operational migration bureaucracy Colombia Migration and the newly established Border Management Office. Conversely, Ecuador enforced restrictive measures influenced by its Ministry of the Interior, in spite of enshrining the right to human mobility in its constitution. Analyzing thirty-four interviews with key policy-makers, we reveal that the Venezuelan forced displacement led to a reallocation of migration responsibilities within bureaucracies, shifting migration policy paradigms. Our findings highlight the influence of bureaucratic structures—including institutional culture, mission, hierarchy, and specialization—on dominant migration policy paradigms. In doing that, this research bridges the literature on migration governance paradigms and national bureaucracies and challenges assumptions about the weakness of Southern bureaucracies.
Healthy Warrior Effect With Deployment to United Nations Peacekeeping Operation: A Longitudinal Study Among Japan Ground Self-Defense Forces
Authors: Saito Taku , Shigemura Jun , Kitano Masato , Waki Fumiko , Nagamine Masanori 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The “healthy warrior effect” (HWE), in which deployed military personnel are healthier than those not deployed, is known to be associated with deployment. However, the HWE associated with deployment to United Nations (UN) peacekeeping operations (PKO) has not been examined. This study examined the HWE associated with deployment to UN PKO by examining the impact of pre-deployment mental health on the likelihood of deployment and whether this difference persisted after deployment.

Materials and Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 2,712 Japan Ground Self-Defense Forces personnel from four engineering units who consented to participate in annual mental health checks conducted between August and October 2015. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) was used to assess general psychological distress before and after deployment. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and rank was conducted with deployment as the dependent variable and the pre-deployment K6 total score as the independent variable. Additionally, a mixed-effects model was performed with K6 total scores as the dependent variable, time and deployment as fixed effect factors, and the individual as the random effect factor.

Results
Of the participants, 254 were in the deployed group, and 2,458 were in the non-deployed group. The pre-deployment K6 total score was significantly lower (t = 5.2, P &lt; .001) for the deployed group (0.67 ± 1.60) than for the non-deployed group (1.26 ± 2.41). Logistic regression analysis showed an odds ratio for the K6 total score before deployment as 0.87 (95% CI = 0.79-0.94). The mixed-effects model exhibited a significant negative main effect of being deployed (t = −5.1, P &lt; .001) and a significant interaction effect between time and being deployed (t = −2.5, P = .012).

Conclusions
Psychologically healthier personnel were more likely to be deployed for UN PKO and their better mental health status persisted after deployment, reflecting the HWE. However, personnel in good health may develop new mental health issues after their deployment, and more attention to health management will be essential before and after deployment.
Association Between Cumulative G-force Exposure and Cervical Spine Degenerative Changes
Authors: Keskimölö Tuomas , Oura Petteri , Honkanen Tuomas , Niinimäki Jaakko , Sovelius Roope , Leino Tuomo , Karppinen Jaro 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Fighter pilots work in a unique environment and are subject to high G-force loads under simultaneous head movements. Neck pain is reported to be a common health problem among fighter pilots leading to time lost flying and flight duty limitations. The present study aimed to find out if differences in early military flight career G-force exposure levels could increase the risk for degenerative changes in the cervical spine.

Materials and Methods
The study population consisted of 56 20-year-old Finnish Air Force male fighter pilot cadets, who underwent MRI of the cervical spine at baseline and after 5 years. During follow-up, the G-force exposure was measured using the individual Fatigue Index (FI) recordings. The FI data were collected from each flight with BAE Hawks and is determined by the number of times certain levels of G-forces are exceeded during the flights. The incidence or progression of each degenerative change was compared to individual FI values using Pearson correlation coefficients.

Results
The pilots flew on average 220 (±21) hours with high performance aircraft during follow-up, resulting in an average FI of 1.98 (±0.47). A statistically significant progression was found in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration sum score with no correlation to corresponding FI values. A statistically significant increase was also found in the prevalence of IVD herniations with a negative correlation with FI values. Other degenerative cervical spine changes did not progress or did not correlate with corresponding FI values.

Conclusions
The prevalence of IVD degeneration and IVD herniations increases in the early phases of fighter pilots’ career. Only the incidence of IVD herniations correlated with FI values and the correlation was negative. The negative correlation may be attributed to avoidance behavior due to neck pain, which was not measured in our study, or other unmeasured confounding factors. This was the first study to compare individual G-force exposure levels to high-quality MRI data over a follow-up of several years. Finnish fighter pilots are known to report increasing cervical symptoms during the Hawk training phase, but longer follow-up periods are likely needed to determine the association between G-force exposure levels and cervical degenerative changes.
Partial Recovery of Telomere Length After Long-term Virologic Suppression in Persons With HIV-1
Authors: Cadiñanos Julen , Rodríguez-Centeno Javier , Montejano Rocío , Esteban-Cantos Andrés , Mena-Garay Beatriz , Jiménez-González María , Saiz-Medrano Gabriel , de Miguel Rosa , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Bernardino José I , Marcelo-Calvo Cristina , Gutierrez-García Lucía , Martínez-Martín Patricia , Díez Vidal Alejandro , de Gea Grela Alejandro , Ortolá Rosario , Rodés Berta , Arribas José R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
People with HIV-1 (PWH) age differently than the general population. Blood telomere length (BTL) attrition is a surrogate biomarker of immunosenescence and aging in PWH. BTL is reduced immediately after HIV-1 infection and recovers in PWH with long-term virologic suppression, but the extent of this recovery is unknown.

Methods
This prospective 6-year observational study assessed the evolution of BTL in PWH who were virologically suppressed. A cross-sectional analysis additionally compared BTL with age- and sex-matched blood donors and sex-matched persons older than 60 years from a general population cohort. DNA from whole blood was isolated, and relative BTL was determined by monochrome quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay and expressed as the ratio of telomere to single-copy gene (T/S).

Results
A total of 128 PWH were included in the prospective 6-year observational study. These same 128 PWH (median age, 55 years; 27.3% women) were compared cross-sectionally at 6-year follow-up with 128 age- and gender-matched blood donors (median age, 55 years) and 128 gender-matched individuals older than 60 years from a general population cohort (median age, 70 years). An inverse correlation between age and BTL was observed. The median BTL of PWH was shorter than their matched blood donors (T/S, 1.07 [IQR, 0.95–1.17] vs 1.28 [IQR, 1.12–1.48]; P &lt; .001) but longer than the elderly population (T/S, 0.89 [IQR, 0.77–0.98], P &lt; .001). PWH experienced a BTL increase at 6 years of 2.9% (T/S, 1.04 vs 1.07; P = .002). In PWH, age was associated with a shorter BTL (coefficient, −0.007 45, SE = 0.002 04, P = .002) and baseline lower CD4 count with a gain in BTL (coefficient, −0.000 06, SE = 0.000 02, P = .004). Shorter baseline BTL (odds ratio, 0.91 [95% CI, .87–.94]; P &lt; .001) and higher glucose levels (odds ratio, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02–1.07]; P = .003) were associated with a greater similarity of BTL to the elderly population.

Conclusions
PWH with long-term virologic suppression experience a trend toward an increased BTL after 6 years of follow-up. Middle-aged people with long-term controlled HIV-1 have a shorter BTL than expected for their chronologic age but longer than that of people 15 years older in the general population.
Subcapsular Liver Hematoma: One of the Many Faces of Acute Fascioliasis
Authors: Alave Jorge , Leon Mey , Terashima Angelica , Concha-Velasco Fatima , Gotuzzo Eduardo , Seas Carlos , Cabada Miguel M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Subcapsular liver hematoma is an uncommon and underdiagnosed manifestation of fascioliasis. We report 6 cases and review 21 previous reports. The mean age was 51 years; 12 cases were from Peru; and 18 were women. Only 6 patients required surgical drainage. Medical management is the mainstay treatment.