bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urea‐based construction of hydrogen bonding networks for poly(biphenyl alkylene)s anion exchange membrane for fuel cells
Authors: Gu Yiman , Chi Xiaoyu , Dong Tianming , Zhang Yanchao , Li Zhanyu , Wang Zhe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, the “trade‐off” problem of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) has been a concern. Herein, a series of urea‐based multication poly(biphenyl alkylene)s AEMs are prepared by obtaining an ether bond‐free backbone through ultra‐strong acid catalysis, grafting it with multication side chains, and then by accessing urea‐based groups in different ratios. By accessing the urea group, noncovalent bonds are used to link the molecules to act as cross‐links, giving them solubility that chemical cross‐links do not have. The PBTA‐DQA‐35U membrane possessed the highest ionic conductivity of 62.43 mS/cm. Compared with the PBTA‐DQA membrane (80°C, WU = 20.45%, SR = 17.67%), the PBTA‐DQA‐25U membrane showed an increase in water uptake but not much change in swelling (WU = 30.23%, SR = 19.36%), which was attributed to the fact that the hydrophilic urea groups provide cation transport sites while hydrogen bonding inhibits membrane swelling. The PBTA‐DQA‐35U ionic conductivity is retained above 75% after 960 h of alkali stability testing. The power density of the MEA device assembled using PBTA‐DQA‐35U membrane is 421.78 mW/cm2.
One‐Step Green‐Synthesized UiO‐66‐NH2 /Alginate Composite Hydrogels with Improved Methylene Blue Adsorption
Authors: Qiu Wenwen , Mao Huimin , Zheng Chaolun , Zhang Wanjie , Zhang Qiushuang , Wang Jianquan , Shao Ziqiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractZirconium‐based metal‐organic frameworks (Zr‐MOFs) represent an important class of MOFs with high stability and outstanding properties, the green preparation and shaping of which are still challengeable works to hinder their real‐world applications. In this presentation, UiO‐66‐NH2 MOFs were in‐situ grown accompanied by alginate (Alg) hydrogelation under aqueous conditions, achieving UiO‐66‐NH2/Alg composite hydrogels. Relevant characterizations demonstrate the in‐situ generated UiO‐66‐NH2 MOFs were evenly distributed in hydrogel networks by attaching on Alg fiber surfaces. The network structure became denser, but both specific surface area and pore volume were augmented due to the presence of MOFs, which in turn increased active sites to interact with adsorbates. Thus, the adsorption capacity to methylene blue (MB) of composite hydrogels became higher with more dosage of MOF ligand, and the pH sensitivity of Alg adsorption to MB in the pH range of 4 to 10 was eliminated. Furthermore, the study of adsorption kinetics and isotherm reveals MB adsorption on the obtained hydrogels belong to rate controlling chemisorption mechanism. In summary, this manuscript presents a facile approach to realizing the green synthesis and shaping of Zr‐MOFs by one‐step compositing of UiO‐66‐NH2 with Alg‐based hydrogels in aqueous system, achieving MOFs‐based composite hydrogels with enhanced MB adsorption.
Camellia oleifera trunks detection and identification based on improved YOLOv7
Authors: Wang Haorui , Liu Yang , Luo Hong , Luo Yuanyin , Zhang Yuyan , Long Fei , Li Lijun 
Published: October 2024

SummaryCamellia oleifera typically thrives in unstructured environments, making the identification of its trunks crucial for advancing agricultural robots towards modernization and sustainability. Traditional target detection algorithms, however, fall short in accurately identifying Camellia oleifera trunks, especially in scenarios characterized by small targets and poor lighting. This article introduces an enhanced trunk detection algorithm for Camellia oleifera based on an improved YOLOv7 model. This model incorporates dynamic snake convolution instead of standard convolutions to bolster its feature extraction capabilities. It integrates more contextual information, thus enhancing the model's generalization ability across various scenes. Additionally, coordinate attention is introduced to refine the model's spatial feature representation, amplifying the network's focus on essential target region features, which in turn boosts detection accuracy and robustness. This feature selectively strengthens response levels across different channels, prioritizing key attributes for classification and localization. Moreover, the original coordinate loss function of YOLOv7 is replaced with EIoU loss, further enhancing the model's robustness and convergence speed. Experimental results demonstrate a recall rate of 96%, a mean average precision (mAP) of 87.9%, an F1 score of 0.87, and a detection speed of 18 milliseconds per frame. When compared with other models like Faster‐RCNN, YOLOv3, ScaledYOLOv4, YOLOv5, and the original YOLOv7, our improved model shows mAP increases of 8.1%, 7.0%, 7.5%, and 6.6% respectively. Occupying only 70.8 MB, our model requires 9.8 MB less memory than the original YOLOv7. This model not only achieves high accuracy and detection efficiency but is also easily deployable on mobile devices, providing a robust foundation for future intelligent harvesting technologies.
Evaluation of Cardiotoxicity of Cancer Chemotherapeutics Using Daphnia magna as a Preclinical Model
Authors: Mohammed Qudrathulla Khan Quadri , Kancha Rama Krishna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne of the major concerns following cancer treatment is cardiotoxicity. Therefore, it is important to predict potential cardiotoxicity of cancer chemotherapeutics at the preclinical phase. Current models of cardiotoxicity testing involve either cell culture models or rodent models. We developed a simple invertebrate animal model for rapid screening of cardiotoxicity of cancer chemotherapeutics. Daphnia magna (water flea, a crustacean) has a transparent body and a large myogenic heart that can be easily monitored under a microscope. Using this model, we have previously described comparative cardiotoxicity of several kinase inhibitors that were approved for the treatment of multiple cancers. In this article, we describe the step‐wise protocols for evaluating the heart rate and survival of D. magna with relevant information on troubleshooting. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Culturing and maintenance of D. magnaBasic Protocol 2: Experimental design for evaluating heart rate of DaphniaBasic Protocol 3: Long‐term effect on Daphnia survival upon drug exposure
The impact of corporate environmental reporting on the financial performance of listed manufacturing firms in Ghana (Csr‐24‐2036)
Authors: Saeed Musah Mohammed , Mohammed Shahin Sultana , Kumari Manisha , Pandey Ghanshyam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA growing number of businesses are facing criticism for engaging in environmentally damaging practices. Despite advancements in technology and operational efficiency, the environmental challenges confronting businesses have become increasingly urgent. As disclosure requirements have expanded, the importance of reporting standards for environmental sustainability has risen. This study explores the impact of corporate environmental reporting on the financial performance of listed manufacturing firms in Ghana. It analyses 10 years (2012–2021) of annual reports from 20 publicly traded manufacturing companies, using panel regression and content analysis to assess the data. The findings reveal that environmental sustainability disclosure has a positive and significant effect on return on equity (ROE) and net profit margin. Furthermore, disclosures related to health, safety, and community development initiatives have a strong positive impact on ROE. The study recommends that policymakers develop guidelines, especially for environmental reporting, to aid firms in preparing their annual reports. It also suggests that corporate accountants expand their expertise and collaborate with environmental and ecological experts. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers and provides a foundation for further investigation into the effects of corporate environmental reporting on the performance of listed firms in sub‐Saharan Africa.
Downregulation of short‐stature homeobox protein 2 suppresses gastric cancer cell growth and stemness in vitro and in vivo via inactivating wnt/β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Chen Xiangyu , Li Shuai , Sun Binghua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) a prevalent form of cancer globally. Previous research suggests that SHOX2 may have a role in promoting cancer progression. However, the role of SHOX2 in GC is not well understood. Based on data from TCGA_GC data set, SHXO2 levels were examined in normal and GC tissues. Patients in the TCGA_GC cohort were divided into high‐ and low‐SHOX2 level groups for analysis of overall survival (OS), functional enrichment, and immune infiltration. Furthermore, experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of SHOX2 on GC cell function through gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments. Utilizing data from public databases, SHOX2 mRNA levels were found to be elevated in GC tissues compared to normal control, this finding was confirmed by RT‐qPCR, western blot analysis, and immune‐histochemical analyses. Elevated SHOX2 levels could serve as an independent indicator of poor prognosis in GC patients. Furthermore, SHOX2 levels had a negative correlation with CD8 T cells and CD4 memory activated T cells, and a positive correlation with of M0 macrophages in GC patients. Functional analyses revealed that SHOX2 deficiency notably suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, SHOX2 deficiency was shown to suppress stemness in GC cells in vitro and in vivo via inactivating wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Collectively, SHOX2 may serve as a prognostic marker for GC patients, and downregulation of SHOX2 could effectively impede GC cell growth and stemness by inactivating the wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. These findings underscore the potential of SHOX2 as a promising therapeutic target for GC.
Measuring Socioeconomic and Stress Disparities in Infant Declarative Memory Using the Visual Paired Comparison Task
Authors: Rosengarten Mindy L. , Sandre Aislinn , Troller‐Renfree Sonya V. , Shuffrey Lauren C. , Amarante Melina , Bakhoya Marion , Noble Kimberly G. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTResearch suggests that socioeconomic circumstances and stress predict memory skills in adults and older children, yet few studies have addressed this question in infancy. The current study used the visual‐paired comparison paradigm to examine whether socioeconomic circumstances, maternal perceived stress, and/or maternal physiological stress, all measured prenatally, predict memory performance among 6‐month‐old infants. We found no significant associations between infant memory and any measure of socioeconomic circumstance or stress. Potential explanations for these null findings are discussed.
Soil animal communities demonstrate simplification without homogenization along an urban gradient
Authors: Bock Hayden W. , Groffman Peter M. , Sparks Jed P. , Rossi Frank S. , Wickings Kyle G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUrbanization profoundly impacts biodiversity and ecosystem function, exerting an immense ecological filter on the flora and fauna that inhabit it, oftentimes leading to simplistic and homogenous ecological communities. However, the response of soil animal communities to urbanization remains underexplored, and it is unknown whether their response to urbanization is like that of aboveground organisms. This study investigated the influence of urbanization on soil animal communities in 40 public parks along an urbanization gradient. We evaluated soil animal abundance, diversity, and community composition and related these measures to urban and soil characteristics at each park. The most urbanized parks exhibited reduced animal abundance, richness, and Shannon diversity. These changes were influenced by many variables underscoring the multifaceted influence of urbanization on ecological communities. Notably, contrary to our expectation, urbanization did not lead to community homogenization; instead, it acted stochastically, creating unique soil animal assemblages. This suggests that urban soil animal communities are concomitantly shaped by deterministic and stochastic ecological processes in urban areas. Our study highlights the intricate interplay between urbanization and soil animal ecology, challenging the notion of urban homogenization in belowground ecosystems and providing insight for managing and preserving belowground communities in urban areas.
Complementary effects of pollination and biocontrol services enable ecological intensification in macadamia orchards
Authors: Anders Mina , Westphal Catrin , Linden Valerie M. G. , Weier Sina , Taylor Peter J. , Grass Ingo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn many crops, both pollination and biocontrol determine crop yield, whereby the relative importance of the two ecosystem services can be moderated by the landscape context. However, additive and interactive effects of pollination and biocontrol in different landscape contexts are still poorly understood. We examined both ecosystem services in South African macadamia orchards. Combining observations and experiments, we disentangled their relative additive and interactive effects on crop production with variation in orchard design and landscape context (i.e., cover of natural habitat and altitude). Insect pollination increased the nut set on average by 280% (initial nut set) and 525% (final nut set), while biocontrol provided by bats and birds reduced the insect damage on average by 40%. Pollination services increased in orchards where macadamia tree rows were positioned perpendicular to orchard edges facing natural habitat. Biocontrol services decreased with elevation. Pest damage was reduced by higher cover of natural habitat at landscape scale but increased with elevation. Pollination and biocontrol are both important ecosystem services and complementary in providing high macadamia crop yield. Smart orchard design and the retention of natural habitat can simultaneously enhance both services. Conjoint management of ecosystem services can thus enable the ecological intensification of agricultural production.
Performance evaluation of a bifacial floating standalone photovoltaic system with different water bodies: An experimental investigation of 10E analysis
Authors: Pandian Ganesan Rathinavel , Balachandran Gurukarthik Babu , David Prince Winston , Thangaraj Hariharasudhan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study delves into harnessing solar energy potential through innovative floating bifacial solar power generation systems. Employing a comprehensive 10E analysis—encompassing Energy, Exergy, Economic, Environmental, Energo‐economic, Exergo‐economic, Enviro‐economic, Energo‐environmental, Exergo‐environmental, Energy Payback Time, and Embodied Energy factors—the research evaluates energy performance, economic viability, and environmental impact. Among coolants, fresh water exhibited optimal performance, with peak output power (399 W), final yield (371.9351 W), and performance ratio (59.08173655). Capacity utilization factors were comparable (~0.516), with fresh water (0.5165764992) and black water (0.5154933033) excelling. Fresh water also minimized energy loss (−365.639816266105). Exergy efficiency peaked with fresh water (32.10%). Energo‐economic Analysis indicated lower LCOE (3.39 $/MWh) and higher enviro‐economic parameter (243.4965981) for Fresh Water. Exergo‐environmental Analysis showed consistent efficiency across conditions (exergy performance time [EPT]: 37.28410450–37.35602872). The Embodied Energy for panels was 2840.67 kWh/kg. Freshwater emerges as the frontrunner, offering high energy efficiency, minimized energy loss, and environmental sustainability. Embracing freshwater coolant opens avenues for inventive and environmentally conscious solar energy solutions in buoyant applications.
Which Publicly Financed Green Technology R&D Option Most Effectively Drives Carbon Productivity? Instances of Energy Efficiency, Renewables, Nuclear, Hydrogen, and Energy Storage
Authors: Uche Emmanuel , Ngepah Nicholas 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAs a strategy, countries seek ways to improve national income and, at the same time, keep carbon emissions minimal. Such a scenario is captured by the respective economies' carbon productivity (CP) scores. Remarkably, it is expected that technological advancements could be harnessed to achieve CP. Hence, many countries have publicly invested in green technologies R&D, including energy efficiency, renewables, nuclear, hydrogen, and energy storage. However, existing studies did not verify the specific contributions of these technological advances to CP, leaving a notable void in the literature. Hence, the current research verified various green technology R&D contributions to CP. Based on panel data from 2003 to 2022, this study implemented the novel instrumental variable quantile regression technique for updated insights. The study uncovers the heterogeneous contributions of each energy innovation variant to the quantile distributions of CP. The heterogeneous effects underscore each country's changing economic structures and varied energy innovation implementation paths. Hence, policy consistency is key to driving CP and ensuring environmental compatibility. R&D on renewable, nuclear, and energy efficiency technologies contributed most significantly to CP across the distributions. R&D on hydrogen and energy storage technologies contributed the least to CP. Therefore, allocating more funds to all R&Ds that boost energy‐enhancing technologies for overall environmental sustainability is expedient. Such proactive and integrative policies consistent with SDGs 7 and 13 would reduce carbon emissions while escalating national income. Meanwhile, isolated and inconsistent funding should be discouraged for overall environmental progress. A robustness evaluation based on SIVQR produced corroborative evidence.
Evaluation capacity building in theory and practice: Revisiting models from practitioner perspectives
Authors: Goodyear Leslie , Mansori Sophia , Quinlan Kristen , McMahon Tracy , Kyles Candace M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article seeks to bring practitioner experience to bear on existing models of ECB with a particular focus on the models through the lens of our own ECB practice. We reflect on how our ECB practices align with or challenge these models, and how the insights that come from those reflections can inform future ECB research and frameworks for evaluating ECB initiatives. As is often the case when theory collides with practice, current models may not always reflect and serve the work at hand, and the value and usefulness, as well as accuracy and relevance, of existing models is worth investigating. With this in mind, we offer input to inform future models of ECB that are more inclusive of and relevant for the broad spectrum of current ECB practice and, subsequently, its evaluation.
Application of microalgae as natural colorant for pastry and confectionary products
Authors: Pereira Tatiana , Barroso Sónia , Pinto Filipa R. , Silva Frederica , Teixeira Paula , Mendes Susana , Gil Maria M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractModern consumers demand the replacement of synthetic colorants with natural alternatives. Microalgae can serve as an alternative source for these colorants since they hold significant amounts of pigments. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using microalgae biomass and extracts as natural colorants for pastry and confectionary products. The application of different biomass and levels of Chlorella vulgaris (White, Honey, and a mixture of both) was evaluated in brioche‐type breads as egg substitute to confer the typical yellow coloration to the product. A mixture of 1% Chlorella vulgaris (White: Honey [1:1]) showed potential as egg substitute, having minimal impact on the physical–chemical, microbiological, nutritional, and sensory characteristics of the products. Hydroalcoholic Tetraselmis chuii extracts were applied in fondant at a concentration of 0.05%, providing a green coloration with minimal impact on the quality of the product. This study supported the potential of using microalgae, biomass, and extracts, as alternative natural colorants in pastry and confectionary products.
Molecular profiling of invertebrate glia
Authors: Purice Maria D. , Lago‐Baldaia Inês , Fernandes Vilaiwan M. , Singhvi Aakanksha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCaenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster are powerful experimental models for uncovering fundamental tenets of nervous system organization and function. Findings over the last two decades show that molecular and cellular features are broadly conserved between invertebrates and vertebrates, indicating that insights derived from invertebrate models can broadly inform our understanding of glial operating principles across diverse species. In recent years, these model systems have led to exciting discoveries in glial biology and mechanisms of glia–neuron interactions. Here, we summarize studies that have applied current state‐of‐the‐art “‐omics” techniques to C. elegans and D. melanogaster glia. Coupled with the remarkable acceleration in the pace of mechanistic studies of glia biology in recent years, these indicate that invertebrate glia also exhibit striking molecular complexity, specificity, and heterogeneity. We provide an overview of these studies and discuss their implications as well as emerging questions where C. elegans and D. melanogaster are well‐poised to fill critical knowledge gaps in our understanding of glial biology.
Heat transfer and pressure drop comparison for corrugated tube and different numbers of copper foam cylindrical inserts in laminar flow
Authors: Flayh Ayser Muneer 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe chief objective of the present investigation is to study experimentally the hydraulic and thermal performance of a corrugated tube with copper foam cylindrical inserts (MFCIs) containing a new type of inserts with the purpose to improve the procedure of heat transfer, which gives an elevated thermal enhancement factor more than that of smooth tube beneath the similar operating circumstances. Also, in this paper, the study of the effect on the number of cylindrical inserts was made from metal foam (10 PPI and porosity 0.9) on the Nusselt number and Nusselt number ratio as a double heat exchanger furnished with the suggested MFCI with various values of Reynolds numbers ranges from 1600 to 4000 via using water as the test fluid. The investigational outcomes revealed an enhancement in heat transfer as well as the thermal performance of the corrugated tube with MFCI, which being significantly augmented in comparison to those for the smooth tube. Additionally, the average rise in the value of heat transfer is within 225% and 400% at the test range, relying upon the number of cylindrical inserts as well as the Reynolds number, whereas the maximum thermal performance is obtained to be around 2.4 for utilizing the corrugated tube having (four) cylindrical inserts at low Reynolds number (1820). Furthermore, the outcome of the loss of pressure manifested that the corrugated tube's mean friction factor is between 96% and 97% more than the smooth tube.