bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EMOTIONAL TRANSLATIONS: CONCEPTUAL HISTORY BEYOND LANGUAGE
Authors: PERNAU MARGRIT , RAJAMANI IMKE 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTConceptual history is a useful tool for writing the history of emotions. The investigation of how a community used emotion words at certain times and in certain places allows us to understand specific emotion knowledge without being trapped by universalism. But conceptual history is also an inadequate tool for writing the history of emotions. Its exclusive focus on language fails to capture the meanings that can be derived from emotional expressions in other media such as painting, music, architecture, film, or even food. Here emotion history can contribute to a rethinking of conceptual history, bringing the body and the senses back in. This article proposes a theoretical model to expand conceptual history beyond language by exploring three processes of emotional translation: First, how the translation between reality and its interpretation is mediated by the body and the senses. Second, how translations between different media and sign systems shape and change the meanings of concepts. Third, how concepts translate into practices that have an impact on reality. The applicability of the model is not limited to the research on concepts of emotion; the article argues that emotions have a crucial role in all processes of conceptual change. The article further suggests that historicizing concepts can best be achieved by reconstructing the relations that actors have created between elements within multimedial semantic nets. The approach will be exemplified by looking at the South Asian concept of the monsoon and the emotional translations between rain and experiences of love and romance.
Evaluation of the enzymatic activity and stability of commercial bromelain incorporated in topical formulations
Authors: Lourenço C. B. , Ataide J. A. , Cefali L. C. , Novaes L. C. d. L. , Moriel P. , Silveira E. , Tambourgi E. B. , Mazzola P. G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundBromelain is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes found in various tissues of the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus) and other species of Bromeliaceae. Owing to its proteolytic activity, bromelain has been used in the food, medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, for its cell renewal, anti‐ageing, whitening and anti‐cellulite properties.ObjectiveThis study evaluated the stability of bromelain (commercial powder) incorporated in topical formulations.MethodsBromelain was incorporated at three concentrations, 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%, in oil‐in‐water emulsion and gel, and stored for six months at varying stress conditions. Stability was accessed by measuring the changes in the protein content, enzymatic activity, viscosity, rheology, pH and colour of the selected formulations.ResultsThe colour of all the samples changed after 180 days of incubation, indicating the concentration‐dependence and temperature‐sensitive nature of these formulations. No relationship was observed between the changes in the pH, temperature and luminosity exposure in all the samples. Gels proved to be the least preferred base for incorporation of bromelain for use as a topical formulation, owing to its inability to maintain the integrity of bromelain, thereby affecting the formulation characteristics.ConclusionThe emulsion‐based formulations at all the concentrations of bromelain were more stable than the gel‐based formulation over 180 days of evaluation, at a temperature of 5°C, protected from light.
Integrating Extension, Teaching, and Research for Stormwater Management Education
Authors: Shelton David P. , Rodie Steven N. , Feehan Kelly A. , Franti Thomas G. , Pekarek Katie A. , Holm Bobbie A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractStormwater management is a concern for communities in the United States, particularly those with populations over 10,000 because of mandates to reduce runoff volumes and associated pollutants. An extension Stormwater and Greenspace Work Group was organized at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln (UNL) in 2006 to develop educational programs addressing municipal stormwater runoff using green infrastructure and other best management practices. A USDA‐NIFA integrated grant was received in 2009 which greatly expanded the audience and scope of programming to include extension, education, and research components. Extension programming was targeted at design and green industry professionals, MS4 stormwater program managers, municipal officials, Master Gardeners, and homeowners. Extension activities included: meeting presentations; all‐day rain garden workshops/installations; green infrastructure tours; rain barrel construction workshops; web‐based resources; interactive rain garden models; youth activities; and publications. Academic programs in landscape architecture and landscape horticulture expanded curriculum in green infrastructure, low impact development, and stormwater best management practice design and construction. Efforts have culminated in new course lectures as well as studio design projects that conceptually addressed real‐world clients and stormwater management projects. Project research studies evaluated in‐situ rain garden hydrologic and plant growth attributes, homeowner perspectives on rain garden installation programs, and current regional bioretention design standards. The strong integration of extension, teaching, and research, which can often be a significant challenge, is a primary key to the success of UNL stormwater management programming. The resulting synergy has helped communities and individuals more effectively manage stormwater quantity and quality while building a knowledge‐base that will support future initiatives and programs.
Testing the climate variability hypothesis in thermal tolerance limits of tropical and temperate tadpoles
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Pesquera L. M. , Tejedo M. , Olalla‐Tárraga M. Á. , Duarte H. , Nicieza A. , Solé M. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimThe climate variability hypothesis (CVH) states that a positive relationship may exist between the breadth of thermal tolerance range and the level of climatic variability experienced by taxa with increasing latitude, especially in terrestrial ectotherms. UnderCVH, we expected to find a correspondence between both thermal tolerance limits (CTmax andCTmin), ambient extreme temperature and the range sizes of species. We examined the validity of these predictions in a lowland tropical and a temperate tadpole assemblage.LocationLowland Neotropics (Bahia, Brazil) and Palaearctic (Iberian Peninsula and North Africa).MethodWe employed phylogenetic eigenvector regression (PVR) and Pagel's lambda to analyse phylogenetic signals inCTmax andCTmin. We used phylogenetic regression analyses (PGLS) to test the relationships between thermal limits, range size and temperature predictors (measured at the macroscale and microhabitat levels) and phy‐ANOVAto compare both the physiological traits and thermal regimen in both tropical and temperate assemblages.ResultsWe documented moderate‐to‐strong phylogenetic signal in both heat and cold tolerance. Temperate‐zone tadpoles had broader thermal tolerances than tropical ones. Thermal tolerance range was correlated with range sizes and was explained by seasonal thermal range predictors at the global scale. Both macro‐ and microclimate temperature variables provided the best predictive multivariate models of thermal limits at the global scale. Microclimatic predictors, however, were the main determinants ofCTmax andCTmin variation at the local level of tropical and temperate communities respectively.Main conclusionsThermal tolerance range increases with latitude in tadpoles due to the higher increase in cold tolerance in temperate tadpoles. At the global scale, both macro‐ and microenvironment thermal information were reliable predictors of critical thermal limits and thermal tolerance range, asCVHpredicts. However, thermal limits were best predicted by temperatures of the micro‐habitat at the regional level, thus suggesting that physiological thermal boundaries may be governed by thermal selection.
Effect of self‐performed mechanical plaque control frequency on gingival inflammation revisited: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: de Freitas Guilherme Camponogara , Pinto Tatiana Militz Perrone , Grellmann Alessandra Pascotini , Dutra Danilo Antonio Milbradt , Susin Cristiano , Kantorski Karla Zanini , Moreira Carlos Heitor Cunha 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of self‐performed mechanical plaque control (SPC) frequency on gingival health.MethodsThirty‐nine subjects exhibiting limited gingival inflammation and minimal clinical attachment loss were enrolled in a single‐blind, parallel group, randomized clinical trial. The subjects that were divided into three groups were tasked to perform SPC (using tooth brush and dental floss) at 12, 24 or 48 h intervals. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PlI), and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume were evaluated at baseline and 30 days follow‐up. Groups were compared using anova and Tukey.ResultsNo significant differences in mean GI change were observed between the 12 and 24 h SPC intervals from baseline to 30 days (−0.06 ± 0.13 versus 0.05 ± 0.09; p = 0.11). In contrast, the 48 h interval had significantly higher mean GI change than the 12 and 24 h intervals (0.33 ± 0.17; p = 0.001). Similarly, mean PlI change was not significantly different between the 12 and 24 h SPC intervals (0.11 versus 0.28; p = 0.15), whereas SPC at 48 h‐intervals yielded a significantly increased PlI (0.39; p = 0.001).ConclusionsSelf‐performed mechanical plaque control performed at 12 h or 24 h intervals appears sufficient to maintain gingival health in subjects with no or limited clinical attachment loss.
Stereological estimation of particle shape and orientation from volume tensors
Authors: RAFATI A.H. , ZIEGEL J.F. , NYENGAARD J.R. , JENSEN E.B. VEDEL 
Published: January 2016

SummaryIn the present paper, we describe new robust methods of estimating cell shape and orientation in 3D from sections. The descriptors of 3D cell shape and orientation are based on volume tensors which are used to construct an ellipsoid, the Miles ellipsoid, approximating the average cell shape and orientation in 3D. The estimators of volume tensors are based on observations in several optical planes through sampled cells. This type of geometric sampling design is known as the optical rotator. The statistical behaviour of the estimator of the Miles ellipsoid is studied under a flexible model for 3D cell shape and orientation. In a simulation study, the lengths of the axes of the Miles ellipsoid can be estimated with coefficients of variation of about 2% if 100 cells are sampled. Finally, we illustrate the use of the developed methods in an example, involving neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of rat.
Kurtosis imaging reveals microstructural changes of late‐stage α‐synuclein accumulation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Williams Stephen 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis article is a critique of the paper by Khairnar et al. in the current issue of the Journal of Neurochemistry which describes the use of a sophisticated magnetic resonance imaging technique, diffusion kurtosis imaging, to investigate microstructural changes in the brain of TNWT‐61 mice that are over‐expressing α‐synuclein. The importance of α‐synuclein to Parkinson's disease pathology is considered and the article critically assessed. The steps needed to establish this method as a biomarker in human disease is discussed.Read the highlighted article ‘Late‐stage α‐synuclein accumulation in TNWT‐61 mouse model of Parkinson's disease detected by diffusion kurtosis imaging’ on page 1259.
Laquinimod dampens hyperactive cytokine production in Huntington's disease patient myeloid cells
Authors: Dobson Lucianne , Träger Ulrike , Farmer Ruth , Hayardeny Liat , Loupe Pippa , Hayden Michael R. , Tabrizi Sarah J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractHuntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by pathology in the brain and peripheral tissues. Hyperactivity of the innate immune system, due in part to NFκB pathway dysregulation, is an early and active component of HD. Evidence suggests targeting immune disruption may slow disease progression. Laquinimod is an orally active immunomodulator that down‐regulates proinflammatory cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and in the brain down‐regulates astrocytic and microglial activation by modulating NFκB signalling. Laquinimod had beneficial effects on inflammation, brain atrophy and disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) in two phase III clinical trials. This study investigated the effects of laquinimod on hyperactive proinflammatory cytokine release and NFκB signalling in HD patient myeloid cell cultures. Monocytes from manifest (manHD) and pre‐manifest (preHD) HD gene carriers and healthy volunteers (HV) were treated with laquinimod and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. After 24 h pre‐treatment with 5 μM laquinimod, manHD monocytes released lower levels of IL‐1β, IL‐5, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐13 and TNFα in response to stimulation. PreHD monocytes released lower levels of IL‐8, IL‐10 and IL‐13, with no reduction observed in HV monocytes. The effects of laquinimod on dysfunctional NFκB signalling in HD was assessed by inhibitor of kappa B (IκB) degradation kinetics, nuclear translocation of NFκB and interactions between IκB kinase (IKK) and HTT, in HD myeloid cells. No differences were observed between laquinimod‐treated and untreated conditions. These results provide evidence that laquinimod dampens hyper‐reactive cytokine release from manHD and preHD monocytes, with a much reduced effect on HV monocytes.
image
Evidence suggests targeting CNS and peripheral immune disruption may slow Huntington's disease (HD) neurodegenerative processes. The effects of laquinimod, an orally active immunomodulator, on hyperactive cytokine release and dysfunctional NFκB signalling in stimulated myeloid cell cultures from pre‐manifest and manifest HD gene carriers and healthy volunteers were investigated. Laquinimod dampened cytokine release but did not impact NFκB signalling.Read the Editorial Highlight for this article on page 670.
Direct care nurses on the shared governance journey towards positive patient outcomes
Authors: Kneflin Nicole , O'Quinn Lucy , Geigle Gina , Mott Brenda , Nebrig Dawn , Munafo Jennifer 
Published: February 2016

Aims and objectivesTo describe shared governance in action through the example of one paediatric institution's decision to institute daily chlorhexidine bathing.BackgroundShared governance processes are discussed extensively in the literature; however, implementation of the processes can be challenging. Recently nurses at one paediatric hospital were involved in a hospital‐wide practice change where the theoretical approach of shared governance was actualised. Several questions arose from direct care nurses about unwarranted variations in bathing practices across settings and whether bathing standardisation could address the recent increase in central line‐associated bloodstream infections. Shared governance council members identified daily chlorhexidine bathing as a potential intervention to standardise bathing across the hospital and to decrease infection rates. At this time, chlorhexidine bathing had been widely adopted in adult hospitals but was less commonly practiced in paediatric institutions.DesignThis is a position paper describing the use of shared governance to make a house‐wide practice decision and positively impact patient outcomes.MethodInquiry Council members conducted a systematic evidence search on best practices around chlorhexidine bathing. This evidence was used in Practice Council discussions to standardise house‐wide practice. Once consensus was achieved, council members collaborated with Education Council to ensure understanding, competency, and the adoption and sustainment of the practice change.ConclusionsPatients with central lines are at decreased risk for acquiring a central line‐associated blood stream infection due, in part, to the change in nursing practice to include daily chlorhexidine bathing. The shared governance structure was the vehicle through which this practice was vetted and instituted.Relevance to clinical practiceThis paper provides a real‐life example of leveraging shared governance structures and the direct care nurse leaders within the councils when an organisation faces critical needs in patient care.
Aortic Root Distortion and Aortic Insufficiency During Balloon Angioplasty of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Prior to Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement
Authors: Torres Alejandro J. , McElhinney Doff B. , Anderson Brett R. , Turner Mariel E. , Crystal Matthew A. , Timchak Donna M. , Vincent Julie A. 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveTo describe the significance of aortic root distortion (AD) and/or aortic valve insufficiency (AI) during balloon angioplasty of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) performed to rule out coronary artery compression prior to transcatheter pulmonary valve (TPV) implantation.MethodsAD/AI was assessed by retrospective review of all procedural aortographies performed to evaluate coronary anatomy prior to TPV implantation. AD/AI was also reviewed in all pre‐post MPV implant echocardiograms to assess for progression.ResultsFrom 04/2007 to 3/2015, 118 pts underwent catheterization with intent for TPV implant. Mean age and weight were 24.5 ± 12 years and 64.3 ± 20 kg, respectively. Diagnoses were: TOF (53%), D‐TGA/DORV (18%), s/p Ross (15%), and Truncus (9%). Types of RV‐PA connections were: conduits (96), bioprosthetic valves (14), and other (7). Successful TPV implant occurred in 91 pts (77%). RVOT balloon angioplasty was performed in 43/118 pts (36%). Aortography was performed in 18/43 pts with AD/AI noted in 6/18 (33%); 2 with D‐TGA (1 s/p Lecompte, 1 s/p Rastelli), 2 with TOF, 1 Truncus and 1 s/p Ross. Procedure was aborted in the 2 who developed severe AD/AI. TPV was implanted in 3/4 patients with mild AD/AI. Review of pre‐post TPV implantation echocardiograms in 83/91 pts (91%) revealed no new/worsened AI in any patient.ConclusionAD/AI is relatively common on aortography during simultaneous RVOT balloon angioplasty. Lack of AI progression by echocardiography post‐TPV implant suggests these may be benign findings in most cases. However, AD/AI should be carefully evaluated in certain anatomic subtypes with close RVOT/aortic alignments. (J Interven Cardiol 2016;29:197–207)
Post‐Procedural Bivalirudin Infusion Following Primary PCI to Reduce Stent Thrombosis
Authors: Kinnaird Tim , Yazji Khaled , Thornhill Laurence , Butt Mehmood , Ossei‐Gerning Nicholas , Choudhury Anirban , Mitra Rito , Anderson Richard 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundProlonging infusions may abrogate the acute stent thrombosis (ST) associated with bivalirudin use during primary PCI but at an increased cost. We hypothesized that continuing the bivalirudin infusion commenced during the procedure at the PCI recommended dose until infusion end would prevent excess early ST.MethodsBaseline demographics, procedural data and outcomes were gathered prospectively on 1395 consecutive patients undergoing primary PCI. The choice of bivalirudin versus heparin was at the cardiologist's discretion. Local protocol recommended continuation of the procedural bivalirudin at the PCI dose until infusion end.ResultsPatients' mean age was 62.8 ± 13.1years with 11.4% presenting with shock. The majority of patients underwent PCI using bivalirudin with fewer using heparin (87.7 vs. 12.3%, P < 0.0001). Glycoprotein inhibitor bailout rates were 6.1% with bivalirudin and 36.3% with heparin (P < 0.0001). Calculated on an individual patient basis the median intra‐procedure duration of the bivalirudin infusion was 30(IQR 21‐43) minutes and post‐procedure 49(32–66) minutes. The acute (<24‐hours) ST rates were 4/1224 with bivalirudin ± GPI (0.3%) and 0/171 with heparin ± GPI (0%, P = 0.41). The sub‐acute (24‐hours to 30‐days) ST rates were 3/1224 for bivalirudin ± GPI (0.3%) and 2/171 with heparin ± GPI (1.2%, P = 0.11). In total the early (<30‐days) ST rates were 7/1224 for bivalirudin ± GPI (0.6%) and 2/171 with heparin ± GPI (1.2%, P = 0.31). Acute ST was significantly more likely to occur in clopidogrel‐loaded patients than prasugrel/ticagrelor patients (2.7 vs. 0.5%, P = 0.003).ConclusionContinuing the bivalirudin infusion commenced during the procedure at the PCI recommended dose until infusion end combined with potent P2Y12 inhibitors ameliorates excess early stent thrombosis. (J Interven
Cardiol 2016;29:129–136)
Osseoperception in Dental Implants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mishra Sunil Kumar , Chowdhary Ramesh , Chrcanovic Bruno Ramos , Brånemark Per‐Ingvar 
Published: January 2016

AbstractPurposeReplacement of lost teeth has significant functional and psychosocial effects. The capability of osseointegrated dental implants to transmit a certain amount of sensibility is still unclear. The phenomenon of developing a certain amount of tactile sensibility through osseointegrated dental implants is called osseoperception. The aim of this article is to evaluate the available literature to find osseoperception associated with dental implants.Materials and MethodsTo identify suitable literature, an electronic search was performed using Medline and PubMed database. Articles published in English and articles whose abstract is available in English were included. The articles included in the review were based on osseoperception, tactile sensation, and neurophysiological mechanoreceptors in relation to dental implants. Articles on peri‐implantitis and infection‐related sensitivity were not included. Review articles without the original data were excluded, although references to potentially pertinent articles were noted for further follow‐up. The phenomenon of osseoperception remains a matter of debate, so the search strategy mainly focused on articles on osseoperception and tactile sensibility of dental implants. This review presents the histological, neurophysiological, and psychophysical evidence of osseoperception and also the role of mechanoreceptors in osseoperception.ResultsThe literature on osseoperception in dental implants is very scarce. The initial literature search resulted in 90 articles, of which 81 articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review.ConclusionPatients restored with implant‐supported prostheses reported improved tactile and motor function when compared with patients wearing complete dentures.