bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Law study of palm oil plantation land in Indonesia
Authors: Sadino  , Sitorus H 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recently, oil palm plantation land has received a lot of attention from various parties and quite a few have linked it to accusations that oil palm plantation land has used forest areas and damaged the environment. Data on the area of oil palm plantations in 2019 by the Ministry of Agriculture was 16.38 million hectares indicated as still being claimed as a forest area of 3,372,615 hectares or often referred to by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry as Indicative Palm Oil Plantations in Forest Area Claims that have been developed which is the basis for oil palm plantation data in forest area claims. Due to differences in data on the area of oil palm plantations in Indonesia, legal studies regarding the acquisition of oil palm plantation land in Indonesia are needed. Judging from the legal provisions, the procedures for land acquisition can be examined from the acquisition of land which is spatially intended for oil palm plantation activities. Furthermore, oil palm plantation land can be obtained from the release of forest areas, especially forests that can be converted. The main things in this paper are; First, what are the procedures for acquiring oil palm plantation land in Indonesia. Second, how can the company carry out plantation activities on the land it has acquired?
How can we verify deforestation in palm oil mill industries? A proposed methodology
Authors: Santosa Y , Putri M M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The rapid expansion of oil palm plantations in Indonesia, which can account for 55% of global palm oil exports, has caused widespread environmental concern and controversy since the 1980s. This has even led to accusations that oil palm plantations are the main cause of deforestation. On May 16, 2023, the European Union took a significant step by implementing the European Union Deforestation-free Regulation EUDR, which stipulates that palm oil and other commodities can only be imported if accompanied by certification confirming they are not associated with deforestation. Nevertheless, the specific methods for assessing deforestation risk are still unclear. In response to this challenge, a collaborative effort between IPB University and PUSAKA KALAM has produced the DEFOR-VER Palm Oil Mill Deforestation Verification Method. This innovative approach focuses on Palm Oil Mills FFB and is informed by field evidence revealing discrepancies between Fresh Fruit Bunch FFB production from core and plasma plantations and the (FFB) demand of FFBs. The verification process for FFB involves three crucial stages identifying supply chain actors and their FFB supply chains, mapping plantations owned by these actors, and tracing the origins and land-use history before their conversion into oil palm plantations.
Health monitoring and fault analysis of induction motors: a review
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Anand R S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Induction motors are in high demand for industrial applications due to their reliable and efficient performance compared to other electrical motors. Therefore, the implementation of a predictive maintenance scheme is necessary to minimise financial losses in terms of revenue and maintenance costs. This scheme involves health monitoring system, aimed to enhance motor reliability, extend their useful lifespan and reduce maintenance expenses. Furthermore, traditional health monitoring systems often involve human intervention, which can slow down the diagnosis process. Therefore, a self-sufficient automated system has evolved to improve motor performance and reliability. This paper presents a comprehensive study of induction motor failures and the various methods used for their diagnosis. Additionally, it also discussed the importance of predictive maintenance and the pivotal role played by automated systems in ensuring the sustained efficiency of induction motors in industrial settings.
Russian Politics: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Taylor Brian D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This book provides a concise and accessible overview that places Russia in a global context while explaining its internal political development. Russian politics is powerfully shaped by large, impersonal forces such as geography and Russia’s place in the international political and economic system. At the same time, its formal political institutions, such as its constitution and electoral procedures, are relatively weak and manipulable compared to those of stable, established democracies. Under these circumstances, powerful leaders such as Mikhail Gorbachev, Boris Yeltsin, and Vladimir Putin can represent a source of potential dynamism and change. To make sense of Russian politics, Brian Taylor grounds his discussion in an appreciation of some enduring influences, such as the primacy of the state over society and the role of the West, which has represented a source of inspiration, of threat, and of competition for generations of Russians. At the same time, most of the focus is on the period since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. That revolutionary event brought about dramatic change across multiple spheres, from the nature of the political and economic system to the country’s borders and who counts as a citizen. More than three decades later, Russia is still working its way through the consequences of these transformations.
Power, status, and greatness
Authors: Taylor Brian D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Russia has been considered a great power for more than 300 years. Maintaining great power status has been important to Russian rulers and remains important to the country’s leaders and citizens. Independent Russia is much smaller, less populated, and weaker than either the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union. Vladimir Putin has sought to maintain Russia’s great power status by building up the state’s military and economic power. Putin’s foreign policy led to confrontation with the West. The Russian war against Ukraine has called into question what place it will play in world politics and whether it can retain the status of a great power.
Playing economic catch-up
Authors: Taylor Brian D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Catching up economically with the world’s most advanced economies has long been a goal of Russian and Soviet leaders. The Soviet Union pursued a novel approach to this goal, building a centrally planned economy. When communism ended, Russia returned to a capitalist economic system—a difficult and painful process. A decade of economic growth in the 2000s has now ended, and the Russian economy is stagnant. Russia’s economy has a series of features that stifle development and tend to reinforce authoritarian politics. These include a high dependence on exports of natural resources, especially oil and gas; high wealth inequality; a weak rule of law and high levels of corruption; and a state that plays a large and frequently harmful role in the economy. These features stand in the way of realizing the long-standing goal, also embraced by President Vladimir Putin early in his reign, of “catching up” with wealthier countries.
Eternal state, changing society
Authors: Taylor Brian D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the relationship between Russian society and the Russian state. The primacy of the state has been an enduring feature of Russian politics over the centuries. The state still wields great repressive power, and society is in many ways weak. Yet Russian society today is different than it was in the past. Russians are wealthier and healthier than they have ever been, and Russian society is much more urban and educated than it was a century ago. Russian society is multifaceted, full of multiple currents and viewpoints. This chapter explores Russian public opinion, including the question of why Vladimir Putin is popular. It also looks at the development of Russian civil society and political opposition.
Racial Disparities in Incident and Recurrent Cardiovascular Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Akinmolayemi Oludamilola , Sun Yifei , McClelland Robyn L , Bancks Michael P , Post Wendy S , Szklo Moyses , Qu Wenshan , Heckbert Susan R , Shea Steven 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Most prior studies of cardiovascular (CVD) events have focused on incident events. We analyzed differences by race/ethnicity in incident and recurrent CVD events in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis from baseline in 2000-2002 through 2019 using joint and multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards modeling. Among 6,814 men and women aged 45-85 years without known CVD at enrollment, during median follow up of 17.7 years, 1206 incident and 695 recurrent CVD events were observed; 891 individuals with a non-fatal incident event were at risk for recurrent events. Rates of combined incident and recurrent CVD events among Black, White, Chinese, and Hispanic participants were 16.8, 18.6, 13.3, and 19.3 per 1000 person-years, respectively. First recurrent CVD event rates in Black, White, Chinese, and Hispanic participants were 87.7, 68.7, 78.1, and 80.7 per 1000 person-years, respectively. Revascularization rates were lower in Black versus White participants (3.8 vs 6.4 per 1000 person-years, p&lt;0.0001). Adjusted hazard for CVD mortality was higher for Black vs. White participants (hazard ratio 1.85; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.29). In this multi-ethnic cohort, Black participants had a lower or similar rate of incident and recurrent CVD events, lower rate of revascularization, and higher rate of fatal CVD compared to White participants.
The ENDOMIX perspective: how everyday chemical mixtures impact human health and reproduction by targeting the immune system
Authors: Gómez-Olarte Sergio , Mailänder Verena , Castro-Neves Júlia , Stojanovska Violeta , Schumacher Anne , Meyer Nicole , Zenclussen Ana C 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are natural and synthetic compounds found ubiquitously in the environment that interfere with the hormonal-immune axis, potentially impacting human health and reproduction. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals has been associated with numerous health risks, such as neurodevelopmental disorders, metabolic syndrome, thyroid dysfunction, infertility, and cancers. Nevertheless, the current approach to establishing causality between these substances and disease outcomes has limitations. Epidemiological and experimental research on endocrine-disrupting chemicals faces challenges in accurately assessing chemical exposure and interpreting non-monotonic dose response curves. In addition, most studies have focused on single chemicals or simple mixtures, overlooking complex real-life exposures and mechanistic insights, in particular regarding endocrine-disrupting chemicals' impact on the immune system. The ENDOMIX project, funded by the EU’s Horizon Health Program, addresses these challenges by integrating epidemiological, risk assessment, and immunotoxicology methodologies. This systemic approach comprises the triangulation of human cohort, in vitro, and in vivo data to determine the combined effects of chemical mixtures. The present review presents and discusses current literature regarding human reproduction in the context of immunotolerance and chemical disruption mode of action. It further underscores the ENDOMIX perspective to elucidate the impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on immune-reproductive health.
Wind Power Forecasting over India: Value-addition to a Coupled Model Seasonal Forecasts
Authors: Kumar Sushant , Singh Priya , Gupta Ankur , Ashrit Raghavendra , Kumar Mishra Akhilesh , Rai Shailendra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Accurate predictions of wind power generation several months in advance are crucial for the effective operation and maintenance of wind farms and for facilitating efficient power purchase planning. This study evaluates the performance of the seasonal prediction system of the National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting in forecasting near-surface winds. An analysis of 23 years of hindcast data, from 1993 to 2015, indicates that the seasonal prediction system effectively captures the inter-annual variability of near-surface winds. Specifically, predictions initialized in May demonstrate notable accuracy, with a skill score of 0.78 in predicting the sign of wind speed anomalies aggregated across various wind farms during the high-wind season (June-August). Additionally, we critically examine the peculiarity of a case study from 2020, when the Indian wind industry experienced low power generation. To enhance forecasting accuracy, we employ statistical techniques to produce bias-corrected forecasts on a seasonal scale. This approach improves the accuracy of wind speed predictions at turbine hub height. Our assessment, based on root mean square error, reveals that bias-corrected wind speed forecasts show a significant improvement, ranging from 54% to 93%.
Patterns of trajectories of glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and body mass index until the first clinic visit: the real-world history of type 2 diabetes using repeated health checkup data of Japanese workers
Authors: Takao Toshiko , Suka Machi , Nishikawa Masako , Yanagisawa Hiroyuki , Ishii Toru 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
There is a lack of evidence regarding the trajectories of type 2 diabetes until the first clinic visit, including the untreated period after diagnosis.

Objective
We aimed to determine the real-world history of type 2 diabetes until the first clinic visit, including the untreated duration, and to assess the effective timing of the therapeutic intervention.

Methods
A total of 23,622 nondiabetic Japanese workers with a mean (SD) age of 38.8 (11.5) years were retrospectively followed from 2008 to 2022 for annual health checkups. The trajectories of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI) until the first clinic visit in diabetes individuals were determined. ROC analysis was performed to assess the contribution of each measure to the first visit.

Results
During a median follow-up of 12.0 years, 1,725 individuals developed type 2 diabetes, of whom 532 individuals visited clinics. HbA1c and FPG trajectories steeply rose in the year before the first clinic visit after their progressive upward trends. ROC analysis showed cutoff values for each measure. As the untreated duration increased, glycemia increased and BMI decreased among individuals who visited clinics.

Conclusions
To prevent the initial worsening of diabetes, early therapeutic intervention is necessary during the increasing trends before the steep rise in glycemia, regardless of the degree of obesity. HbA1c ≥6.5% (47.5 mmol/mol) and an HbA1c ≥0.2% (2.2 mmol/mol)/year increase may be an effective timing for therapeutic intervention.
Genomes of Microtus Rodents Highlight the Importance of Olfactory and Immune Systems in Their Fast Radiation
Authors: Gouy Alexandre , Wang Xuejing , Kapopoulou Adamandia , Neuenschwander Samuel , Schmid Emanuel , Excoffier Laurent , Heckel Gerald 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The characterization of genes and biological functions underlying functional diversification and the formation of species is a major goal of evolutionary biology. In this study, we investigated the fast radiation of Microtus voles, one of the most speciose group of mammals, which shows strong genetic divergence despite few readily observable morphological differences. We produced an annotated reference genome for the common vole, Microtus arvalis, and resequenced the genomes of 10 different species and evolutionary lineages spanning the Microtus speciation continuum. Our full-genome sequences illustrate the recent and fast diversification of this group, and we identified genes in highly divergent genomic windows that have likely particular roles in their radiation. We found three biological functions enriched for highly divergent genes in most Microtus species and lineages: olfaction, immunity and metabolism. In particular, olfaction-related genes (mostly olfactory receptors and vomeronasal receptors) are fast evolving in all Microtus species indicating the exceptional importance of the olfactory system in the evolution of these rodents. Of note is e.g. the shared signature among vole species on Olfr1019 which has been associated with fear responses against predator odors in rodents. Our analyses provide a genome-wide basis for the further characterization of the ecological factors and processes of natural and sexual selection that have contributed to the fast radiation of Microtus voles.
Robust full waveform inversion with deep Hessian deblurring
Authors: Alfarhan Mustafa , Ravasi Matteo , Chen Fuqiang , Alkhalifah Tariq 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a technique widely used in geophysics to obtain high-resolution subsurface velocity models from waveform seismic data. Due to its large computation cost, most flavours of FWI rely only on the computation of the gradient of the loss function to estimate the update direction, therefore ignoring the contribution of the Hessian. Depending on the level of computational resources one can afford, an approximate of the inverse of the Hessian can be calculated and used to speed up the convergence of FWI towards the global (or a plausible local) minimum. In this work, we propose to use an approximate Hessian computed from a linearization of the wave equation as commonly done in least-squares migration. More precisely, we rely on the link between a migrated image and a doubly migrated image (i.e. an image obtained by demigration–migration of the migrated image) to estimate the inverse of the Hessian. However, instead of using non-stationary compact filters to link the two images and approximate the Hessian, we propose to use a deep neural network to directly learn the mapping between the FWI gradient (output) and its Hessian (blurred) counterpart (input). By doing so, the network learns to act as an approximate inverse Hessian: as such, when the trained network is applied to the FWI gradient, an enhanced update direction is obtained, which is shown to be beneficial for the convergence of FWI. The weights of the trained (deblurring) network are then transferred to the next FWI iteration to expedite convergence. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on two synthetic data sets and a field data set.
Motion-Mimicking Robotic Finger Prosthesis for Burn-induced Partial Hand Amputee: A Case Report
Authors: Joo So Young , Cho Yoon Soo , Seo Jisu , Seo Yurim , Yi Sangho , Seo Cheong Hoon 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Burn injuries often result in severe hand complications, including joint contractures and nerve damage, sometimes leading to amputation. Despite early treatment, hypertrophic scarring frequently hampers hand function recovery, and the thick raised scar blocks electromyography (EMG) sensing. A promising solution involves motion-mimicking robotic finger prostheses tailored to individual patient requirements. By using the versatility of motion-capturing technology on a sound finger, a robotic finger prosthesis can mimic the movement of a sound finger simultaneously with less latency than EMG-based sensory mechanisms through hypertrophic scars. This case study evaluated the clinical efficacy of a customized three-dimensional printed robotic finger prosthesis in a 24-year-old man who sustained left second finger loss due to electrical burns. Despite undergoing reconstructive surgery, the patient struggled with manual dexterity. Following the adoption of a personalized robotic finger prosthesis with a finger motion-capturing device, significant improvements in grip strength and daily task performance were observed. This innovative approach has advantages such as customization, reduced latency time for finger movements, and affordability from low-cost manufacturing, suggesting its potential for broader adoption among burn-induced amputees.
The 2023 American Burn Association Research and Advocacy Summit: Our Roadmap
Authors: Cartotto Robert , Becker Sue , Coffey Rebecca , Hill David M , Hoarle Kimberly A , Holmes James H , Kubasiak John , Moffatt Lauren , Schulman Carl I , Parry Ingrid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Research is one of the American burn association’s (ABA) strategic priorities. Advocacy is required not only to promote burn research, but also, the ABA’s other strategic priorities (Prevention, Quality, and Education). The ABA convened a two-day Research and Advocacy (R&A) Summit in September 2023, to develop a roadmap for the organization’s R&A efforts. The in-person summit identified fourteen key R&A initiatives. A multidisciplinary workgroup then developed strategies to achieve each initiative. The initiatives and strategies were then approved by the ABA’s Board of Trustees as our organization’s roadmap for R&A. The next task will be to implement the initiatives. This will require not only oversight from the ABA’s Board of Trustees, but also effort from and collaboration between several of the ABA’s committees and panels, including the burn science advisory panel, the research committee, the prevention committee, The governmental affairs committee, The organization and delivery of burn care committee, the quality and burn registry committee, the ad hoc Coding Committee, and the ABA’s Central Office.
The utility of an algorithm based on procalcitonin monitoring in patients with sepsis
Authors: de Lózar de la Viña Alicia , Andrade Vivero Gloria , Palencia Herrejón Eduardo , Márquez Liétor Eva , Talaván Zanón Tamar , Pérez-Fernández Elia , Cava Valenciano Fernando , Tamayo Gómez Eduardo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to develop and validate an algorithm based on procalcitonin (PCT) monitoring to predict the prognosis of patients with sepsis.

Design
The design was a retrospective and observational prospective study.

Setting
The study was set in intensive care units (ICUs) in 2 different hospitals in Spain.

Patients
Patients in the study included 101 patients with sepsis aged ≥18 years.

Interventions
In the retrospective study, PCT results from patients admitted to the ICU in 2011-2012 were collected. In the prospective study, PCT was determined at specific time points as indicated by the algorithm from March 2018 to April 2019. The primary outcome measure, 28-day mortality, was the main variable of interest.

Results
The study developed an algorithm based on early PCT monitoring for predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis. The algorithm was initially developed retrospectively in 1 cohort and subsequently validated prospectively in another cohort.

Conclusions
The developed algorithm provides information on the prognosis of patients with sepsis, distinguishing between those with a good prognosis and those with a poor prognosis (defined as mortality).
Freedom Road
Authors: Finch Andrew J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
After creating an adolescent treatment program within the new Fetter family health center, the program director, Lon DeLeon, led the design of an alternative school. Charleston schools superintendent Alton Crews approved funding two teachers and the enrollment of students. A local church provided space, and the Freedom Road school opened in October 1973, becoming the first publicly funded high school for students with substance use disorders not located in a treatment facility. Though most students were receiving primary treatment, several had completed treatment and were in recovery. The chapter delves into the segregated systems which contributed to the school being predominantly White despite having a diverse staff, the connection to a predominantly Black public health center, location in a Black community, free services, and a facility that had been an all-Black parochial school. As initial funding sources dissolved, the school closed in 1980.