bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The predictive value of microbiological findings on teeth, internal and external implant portions in clinical decision making
Authors: Canullo Luigi , Radovanović Sandro , Delibasic Boris , Blaya Juan Antonio , Penarrocha David , Rakic Mia 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimThe primary aim of this study was to evaluate 23 pathogens associated with peri‐implantitis at inner part of implant connections, in peri‐implant and periodontal pockets between patients suffering peri‐implantitis and participants with healthy peri‐implant tissues; the secondary aim was to estimate the predictive value of microbiological profile in patients wearing dental implants using data mining methods.Material and MethodsFifty participants included in the present case─control study were scheduled for collection of plaque samples from the peri‐implant pockets, internal connection, and periodontal pocket. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction was performed to quantify 23 pathogens. Three predictive models were developed using C4.5 decision trees to estimate the predictive value of microbiological profile between three experimental sites.ResultsThe final sample included 47 patients (22 healthy controls and 25 diseased cases), 90 implants (43 with healthy peri‐implant tissues and 47 affected by peri‐implantitis). Total and mean pathogen counts at inner portions of the implant connection, in peri‐implant and periodontal pockets were generally increased in peri‐implantitis patients when compared to healthy controls. The inner portion of the implant connection, the periodontal pocket and peri‐implant pocket, respectively, presented a predictive value of microbiologic profile of 82.78%, 94.31%, and 97.5% of accuracy.ConclusionThis study showed that microbiological profile at all three experimental sites is differently characterized between patients suffering peri‐implantitis and healthy controls. Data mining analysis identified Parvimonas micra as a highly accurate predictor of peri‐implantitis when present in peri‐implant pocket while this method generally seems to be promising for diagnosis of such complex infections.
Sinus mucosa elevation using Bio‐Oss® or Gingistat® collagen sponge: an experimental study in rabbits
Authors: Caneva Marco , Lang Niklaus P. , Garcia Rangel Idelmo Junior , Ferreira Sabrina , Caneva Martina , De Santis Enzo , Botticelli Daniele 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the sequential healing in augmented sinus cavities with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) granules or collagen sponges.Material and methodsTwenty albino New Zealand rabbits were included in the study. An incision was performed along the midline of the nasal dorsum, and the nasal bone was exposed. Circular bony windows with a diameter of 5 mm were prepared bilaterally. After elevation of the mucosa, the two sites were randomly filled with either DBBM or a collagen sponge. Five animals each were randomly sacrificed after 7, 14, 21 and 40 days, respectively.ResultsAt both sides, new bone was found forming from the resident pristine bone. During the first stage of healing, DBBM granules were surrounded by a denser connective tissue that was attached to the biomaterial surface and that was progressively mineralized. At the collagen sponge side, the biomaterial was almost completely resorbed and the space was reduced by to two‐thirds already after 21 days. At both sides, after 40 days, mineralized bone and marrow spaces were occupying large areas of the elevated space.ConclusionsNew bone was found forming from the pristine bony walls of the sinus and extending toward the most peripheral regions in both sites. While DBBM particles yielded osteoconductivity and were able to preserve over time the space within the elevated mucosa, the collagen sponge failed the goal of maintaining the space.
Dync1h1 Mutation Causes Proprioceptive Sensory Neuron Loss and Impaired Retrograde Axonal Transport of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons
Authors: Zhao Jing , Wang Yi , Xu Huan , Fu Yuan , Qian Ting , Bo Deng , Lu Yan‐Xin , Xiong Yi , Wan Jun , Zhang Xiang , Dong Qiang , Chen Xiang‐Jun 
Published: April 2016

SummaryBackground and PurposeSprawling (Swl) is a radiation‐induced mutation which has been identified to have a nine base pair deletion in dynein heavy chain 1 (DYNC1H1: encoded by a single gene Dync1h1). This study is to investigate the phenotype and the underlying mechanism of the Dync1h1 mutant.Methods and ResultsTo display the phenotype of Swl mutant mice, we examined the embryos of homozygous (Swl/Swl) and heterozygous (Swl/+) mice and their postnatal dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of surviving Swl/+ mice. The Swl/+ mice could survive for a normal life span, while Swl/Swl could only survive till embryonic (E) 8.5 days. Excessive apoptosis of Swl/+ DRG neurons was revealed during E11.5–E15.5 days, and the peak rate was at E13.5 days. In vitro study of mutated DRG neurons showed impaired retrograde transport of dynein‐driven nerve growth factor (NGF). Mitochondria, another dynein‐driven cargo, demonstrated much slower retrograde transport velocity in Swl/+ neurons than in wild‐type (WT) neurons. Nevertheless, the Swl, Loa, and Cra mutations did not affect homodimerization of DYNC1H1.ConclusionThe Swl/Swl mutation of Dync1h1 gene led to embryonic mal‐development and lethality, whereas the Swl/+ DRG neurons demonstrated deficient retrograde transport in dynein‐driven cargos and excessive apoptosis during mid‐ to late‐developmental stages. The underlying mechanism of the mutation may not be due to impaired homodimerization of DYNC1H1.
Distribution of skates and sharks in the North Sea: 112 years of change
Authors: Sguotti Camilla , Lynam Christopher P. , García‐Carreras Bernardo , Ellis Jim R. , Engelhard Georg H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHow have North Sea skate and shark assemblages changed since the early 20th century when bottom trawling became widespread, whilst their environment became increasingly impacted by fishing, climate change, habitat degradation and other anthropogenic pressures? This article examines long‐term changes in the distribution and occurrence of the elasmobranch assemblage of the southern North Sea, based on extensive historical time series (1902–2013) of fishery‐independent survey data. In general, larger species (thornback ray, tope, spurdog) exhibited long‐term declines, and the largest (common skate complex) became locally extirpated (as did angelshark). Smaller species increased (spotted and starry ray, lesser‐spotted dogfish) as did smooth‐hound, likely benefiting from greater resilience to fishing and/or climate change. This indicates a fundamental shift from historical dominance of larger, commercially valuable species to current prevalence of smaller, more productive species often of low commercial value. In recent years, however, some trends have reversed, with the (cold‐water associated) starry ray now declining and thornback ray increasing. This shift may be attributed to (i) fishing, including mechanised beam trawling introduced in the 1960s–1970s, and historical target fisheries for elasmobranchs; (ii) climate change, currently favouring warm‐water above cold‐water species; and (iii) habitat loss, including potential degradation of coastal and outer estuarine nursery habitats. The same anthropogenic pressures, here documented to have impacted North Sea elasmobranchs over the past century, are likewise impacting shelf seas worldwide and may increase in the future; therefore, parallel changes in elasmobranch communities in other regions are to be expected.
Has the sensitivity of soybean cultivars to ozone pollution increased with time? An analysis of published dose–response data
Authors: Osborne Stephanie A. , Mills Gina , Hayes Felicity , Ainsworth Elizabeth A. , Büker Patrick , Emberson Lisa 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe rising trend in concentrations of ground‐level ozone (O3) – a common air pollutant and phytotoxin – currently being experienced in some world regions represents a threat to agricultural yield. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an O3‐sensitive crop species and is experiencing increasing global demand as a dietary protein source and constituent of livestock feed. In this study, we collate O3 exposure‐yield data for 49 soybean cultivars, from 28 experimental studies published between 1982 and 2014, to produce an updated dose–response function for soybean. Different cultivars were seen to vary considerably in their sensitivity to O3, with estimated yield loss due to O3 ranging from 13.3% for the least sensitive cultivar to 37.9% for the most sensitive, at a 7‐h mean O3 concentration (M7) of 55 ppb – a level frequently observed in regions of the USA, India and China in recent years. The year of cultivar release, country of data collection and type of O3 exposure used were all important explanatory variables in a multivariate regression model describing soybean yield response to O3. The data show that the O3 sensitivity of soybean cultivars increased by an average of 32.5% between 1960 and 2000, suggesting that selective breeding strategies targeting high yield and high stomatal conductance may have inadvertently selected for greater O3 sensitivity over time. Higher sensitivity was observed in data from India and China compared to the USA, although it is difficult to determine whether this effect is the result of differential cultivar physiology, or related to local environmental factors such as co‐occurring pollutants. Gaining further understanding of the underlying mechanisms that govern the sensitivity of soybean cultivars to O3 will be important in shaping future strategies for breeding O3‐tolerant cultivars.
Influence of instrument size and varying electrical resistance of root canal instruments on accuracy of three electronic root canal length measurement devices
Authors: Aggarwal V. , Singla M. , Bhasin S. S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate the influence of instrument size and the effect of the electrical resistance of endodontic instruments on the accuracy of three electronic root canal length measurement devices (ERCLMDs).MethodologyThirty single‐rooted extracted human teeth were divided into three groups (n = 10) on the basis of the ERCLMD used: Root ZX II (J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan); ProPex (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland); and iPex II (NSK, Tochigi, Japan). The electronic working length measurements (EWL) were made with K‐files in the sequence sizes 08, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30. The actual working length (AWL) was calculated by fixing a size 30 K‐file in the canal and exposing the apical 5 mm of the root. The minor foramen was identified under an optical microscope, and its distance from the file tip was calculated. The accuracy of the ERCLMDs was evaluated in terms of percentages of accurate measurements (0.0 mm tolerance) and measurements with tolerance limits of ±0.5 mm and ±1.0 mm. The findings were analysed with the McNemar test, Pearson's chi‐square tests and two‐way analysis of variance. The multiple comparison procedures were carried out using Holm–Sidak method. The maximum electrical resistance tolerated by ERCLMDs was evaluated by connecting commercially available resistors between the file clip and the root canal instrument. The resistance was gradually increased until it started to affect the ERCLMD readings.ResultsThe ERCLMDs were able to actually locate the minor foramen in 7% of samples. File size did not affect the accuracy of ERCLMDs (P > 0.05). Overall, the ERCLMDs gave 65% readings within a tolerance limit of ±0.5 mm and 90% within a tolerance of ±1.0 mm. The electrical resistance of endodontic files was less than the maximum electrical resistance tolerated by ERCLMDs (0.6–1 Ω vs. 2500–4000 Ω).ConclusionsThe size of the root canal instrument did not affect the accuracy of ERCLMDs in this laboratory study.
Sensitivity of fracture strength in porous glass
Authors: Keleṣ Özgür , Edwin García R. , Bowman Keith J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe investigated the effect of porosity and crack size distributions on the fracture behavior of porous glass through a combined finite element and fracture mechanics method. Simulations showed that the effect of crack size distributions on the change in fracture strength with porosity decreases as the pore size to crack size ratio increases. For a pore size to crack size ratio of >∼4, the average failure initiating crack size decreases with increasing porosity. Two regions were defined to describe the relationship between porosity and fracture strength: Region I for porosity less than 20 vol.% and Region II for porosity greater than 20 vol.%. Simulation results were directly compared to the porous glass experiments from the literature.
Berry pomace – a review of processing and chemical analysis of its polyphenols
Authors: Struck Susanne , Plaza Merichel , Turner Charlotta , Rohm Harald 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThis article gives an overview on the work available on methods for berry pomace processing, on methods for polyphenol extraction and on methods for polyphenol analysis. Additionally, previous reviews on fruit pomace have been identified and categorised with respect to pomace origin, and the scientific focus of the work. Data on berry pomace proximate composition are compiled, as are methods applied for processing and stabilising pomace. The article also discusses how processing methods influence juice and pomace yield, the transfer of value compounds from the fruit to either juice or pomace and the techno‐functional properties of the pomace. Methods for polyphenol extraction are summarised and interpreted, and the state‐of‐the‐art methods for polyphenol analysis are presented in line with respective sample preparation procedures. Knowledge gaps that were identified strongly indicate that systematic work has to be done to make berry pomace available as a valuable plant‐based ingredient for processed foods.
Genomic full‐length sequence of a novel HLA‐A*11:01:01:02 allele was identified in a Chinese bone marrow donor
Authors: He J. , He Y. , Wang W. , Han Z. , He J. , Chen N. , Dong L. , Tao S. , Zhang W. , Zhu F. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryHere, we report genomic full‐length sequence of a novel HLA‐A*11:01:01:02 allele identified in a Chinese individual. HLA‐A*11:01:01:02 has three nucleotide differences from HLA‐A*11:01:01:01, including 99 C>G of intron 1, 655 C>T and G deletion in position 656 of intron 2.
Laparoscopic repair of bladder rupture in a neonate
Authors: Oki Satoshi , Inoue Mikihiro , Otake Kohei , Matsushita Kohei , Koike Yuhki , Uchida Keiichi , Kusunoki Masato 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBladder rupture in a fetus is a rare occurrence. We report the first neonatal case of laparoscopic repair for prenatally diagnosed bladder rupture. A male neonate, who had presented with megacystis, bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureters since 27 weeks‐of‐gestation, was delivered by emergency cesarean section because of sudden collapse of the bladder with massive ascites at 37 weeks‐of‐gestation. The diagnosis of bladder rupture was made by retrograde urethrocystography. Laparoscopic repair was carried out subsequent to urethral catheterization. Intraoperatively, laceration from the left side of the bladder dome to the posterior wall was observed. This tear was successfully repaired using a two‐layer interrupted suture without any postoperative complications. Laparoscopic repair could be the treatment of choice for bladder rupture, because it has the advantage of closure of the perforated site more certainly than bladder decompression alone, and with better cosmesis than open repair.
Autophagy dysfunction and regulatory cystatin C in macrophage death of atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Wei , Sultana Nargis , Siraj Nabeel , Ward Liam J , Pawlik Monika , Levy Efrat , Jovinge Stefan , Bengtsson Eva , Yuan Xi‐Ming 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAutophagy dysfunction in mouse atherosclerosis models has been associated with increased lipid accumulation, apoptosis and inflammation. Expression of cystatin C (CysC) is decreased in human atheroma, and CysC deficiency enhances atherosclerosis in mice. Here, we first investigated the association of autophagy and CysC expression levels with atheroma plaque severity in human atherosclerotic lesions. We found that autophagy proteins Atg5 and LC3β in advanced human carotid atherosclerotic lesions are decreased, while markers of dysfunctional autophagy p62/SQSTM1 and ubiquitin are increased together with elevated levels of lipid accumulation and apoptosis. The expressions of LC3β and Atg5 were positively associated with CysC expression. Second, we investigated whether CysC expression is involved in autophagy in atherosclerotic apoE‐deficient mice, demonstrating that CysC deficiency (CysC−/−) in these mice results in reduction of Atg5 and LC3β levels and induction of apoptosis. Third, macrophages isolated from CysC−/− mice displayed increased levels of p62/SQSTM1 and higher sensitivity to 7‐oxysterol‐mediated lysosomal membrane destabilization and apoptosis. Finally, CysC treatment minimized oxysterol‐mediated cellular lipid accumulation. We conclude that autophagy dysfunction is a characteristic of advanced human atherosclerotic lesions and is associated with reduced levels of CysC. The deficiency of CysC causes autophagy dysfunction and apoptosis in macrophages and apoE‐deficient mice. The results indicate that CysC plays an important regulatory role in combating cell death via the autophagic pathway in atherosclerosis.
Behavioral sensitivity to changing reinforcement contingencies in attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Alsop Brent , Furukawa Emi , Sowerby Paula , Jensen Stephanie , Moffat Cara , Tripp Gail 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundAltered sensitivity to positive reinforcement has been hypothesized to contribute to the symptoms of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study, we evaluated the ability of children with and without ADHD to adapt their behavior to changing reinforcer availability.MethodOf one hundred sixty‐seven children, 97 diagnosed with ADHD completed a signal‐detection task in which correct discriminations between two stimuli were associated with different frequencies of reinforcement. The response alternative associated with the higher rate of reinforcement switched twice during the task without warning. For a subset of participants, this was followed by trials for which no reinforcement was delivered, irrespective of performance.ResultsChildren in both groups developed an initial bias toward the more frequently reinforced response alternative. When the response alternative associated with the higher rate of reinforcement switched, the children's response allocation (bias) followed suit, but this effect was significantly smaller for children with ADHD. When reinforcement was discontinued, only children in the control group modified their response pattern.ConclusionsChildren with ADHD adjust their behavioral responses to changing reinforcer availability less than typically developing children, when reinforcement is intermittent and the association between an action and its consequences is uncertain. This may explain the difficulty children with ADHD have adapting their behavior to new situations, with different reinforcement contingencies, in daily life.
Sexual dysfunction in males following low anterior resection
Authors: Shieh Show‐Ing , Lin Yu‐Hua , Huang Chiung‐Yu , Kao Chia‐Chan , Hung Shu‐Ling , Yang Hsing‐Yu , Tung Hong‐Yu 
Published: April 2016

Aims and objectivesThe purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in males one year after undergoing low anterior resection and to determine whether health care professionals discuss sexual issues with patients after surgery.BackgroundSexual dysfunction in males may be a complication after low anterior resection for rectal cancer, but few studies have explored this issue in Taiwan.DesignA descriptive comparison study design.MethodsA descriptive comparison design was used, and a group of 133 participants underwent a low anterior resection procedure for rectal cancer. The results were compared with those of a group of males who underwent colectomy (n = 58) for colon cancer. The following instruments were used: the five‐item version of the International Index of Erectile Function, personal demographics and medical variables.ResultsThe results showed that the prevalence of erectile dysfunction among the low anterior resection patients was 97·0% (129/133), and the erectile dysfunction prevalence was 75·9% (44/58) for the males who underwent colectomy. The generalised linear model showed that after controlling for hypertension and stoma, the low anterior resection group had worse sexual function than those in the colectomy group, and stoma was also a factor that impacted patients’ sexual function. The results also revealed that only 32·8–35·3% of health care providers talked about sexual dysfunction with people who have rectal cancer prior to surgery.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that men who have undergone low anterior resection have a high risk of sexual dysfunction and that health care professionals infrequently discuss these issues with patients.Relevance to clinical practiceWhen patients are diagnosed with rectal cancer and before they undergo surgery, an assessment and discussion of sexual function issues should be incorporated into standard care. Continued follow‐up after hospital discharge and evaluations of sexual function are vital factors for male postoperative rectal cancer patients.
Content validation study of nursing interventions intended to prevent cardiovascular events in diabetic patients
Authors: Gengo e Silva Rita de Cassia , da Costa Ferreira Natany 
Published: April 2016

Aims and objectivesTo validate nursing interventions from the Nursing Interventions Classification for preventing cardiovascular events in outpatients with diabetes.BackgroundCardiovascular disease is the main cause of death among diabetic patients. Although nurses play an important role in preventing cardiovascular events in this population, their specific contribution is difficult to measure. Documenting nursing interventions using a standardised nursing system may provide nursing visibility. However, there are no studies that analysed which nursing interventions would be the most relevant, based on expert opinion, aimed at preventing cardiovascular events in diabetic patients.DesignThis is a content validation study, which was designed as a descriptive one.MethodsFor this content validation study, we used the Fehring model. Nursing interventions were selected from the Nursing Intervention Classification. Experts were asked to analyse the degree of relevance of 225 nursing interventions regarding the prevention of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients, considering its title and definition. We considered nursing interventions which obtained weighted arithmetic averages >0·80 to be valid.ResultsAmong 50 invited experts, 14 (71·4% female; 36·5 + 9·7 years) responded and agreed to participate in this study. They analysed 225 preselected nursing interventions, and validated 29.ConclusionThe validated nursing interventions included documentation as well as biological, social and spiritual issues.Relevance to clinical practiceThe validated nursing interventions encompass a wide range of nursing knowledge, and these results provide empirical evidence for further studies.