bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel projection based electro-stereolithography (PES) process for production of 3D polymer-particle composite objects
Authors: Pan Yayue , Patil Abhishek , Guo Ping , Zhou Chi 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
Polymer-particle composites, which have demonstrated wide applications ranging from energy harvesting and storage, biomedical applications, electronics and environmental sensing to aerospace applications, have been investigated for decades. However, fabricating polymer-particle composites with controlled distribution of particles in polymer continues to be a fundamental challenge. As to date, a few additive manufacturing (AM) technologies can fabricate composites, however, with a limited choice of materials or limited dispersion control. Against this background, this research investigated a hybrid polymer-particle composite manufacturing process, projection electro-stereolithography (PES) process, which integrates electrostatic deposition and projection based stereolithography (SL) technologies.

Design/methodology/approach
In PES process, a photoconductive film collects charged particles in the regions illuminated by light. Then, collected particles are transferred from the film to a polymer layer with defined patterns. Lastly, a digital mask is used to pattern the light irradiation of the digital micromirror device chip, selectively curing the photopolymer liquid resin and particles of that layer. By transferring particles from the photoconductive film to the photopolymer in a projection-based SL system, multi-material composites with locally controlled dispersions could be produced. A proof-of-concept PES testbed was developed. Various test cases have been performed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed approach.

Findings
Challenges in this novel AM process, including process design, particle patterning and transferring, are addressed in this paper. It is found that particles can be transferred to a layer of partially cured resin completely and accurately, by using the stamping approach. The transferring rate is related to stamping force and degree of conversion of the recipient layer. The developed hybrid process can fabricate polymer-particle composites with arbitrary dispersion pattern, unlimited printable height and complicated geometries.

Originality/value
Although an electrostatic deposition process has been investigated as a 3D printing technology for many years, it is the first attempt to integrate it with projection SL for fabricating multi-material polymer composite components. The novel hybrid process offers unique benefits including local dispersion control, arbitrary filling patterns, wide range of materials, unlimited printable height and arbitrary complicated geometries.
Characteristic length of the solidified melt pool in selective laser melting process
Authors: Ahn Il Hyuk , Moon Seung Ki , Hwang Jihong , Bi Guijun 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to propose methods to evaluate the characteristic length of the melt pool for accurate fabrication and to identify the optimal process parameters in the selective laser melting process.

Design/methodology/approach
Specimens with the types of the scans by controlling the degree of the overlap with hatch spacing are fabricated. The scan modes are classified by statistically analyzing the results of hardness tests. According to the classification of the scans, the evaluation methods are proposed based on the observation of the shape of the solidified melt pool.

Findings
The control of the hatch spacing can reproduce all modes of the scan conditions, and hardness can be used to classify the scan modes.

Originality/value
The proposed evaluation methods are based on the analysis of the experimental observation so that they can be easily used for the real evaluation.
3D printed bio-models for medical applications
Authors: Yap Yee Ling , Tan Yong Sheng Edgar , Tan Heang Kuan Joel , Peh Zhen Kai , Low Xue Yi , Yeong Wai Yee , Tan Colin Siang Hui , Laude Augustinus 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The design process of a bio-model involves multiple factors including data acquisition technique, material requirement, resolution of the printing technique, cost-effectiveness of the printing process and end-use requirements. This paper aims to compare and highlight the effects of these design factors on the printing outcome of bio-models.

Design/methodology/approach
Different data sources including engineering drawing, computed tomography (CT), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were converted to a printable data format. Three different bio-models, namely, an ophthalmic model, a retina model and a distal tibia model, were printed using two different techniques, namely, PolyJet and fused deposition modelling. The process flow and 3D printed models were analysed.

Findings
The data acquisition and 3D printing process affect the overall printing resolution. The design process flows using different data sources were established and the bio-models were printed successfully.

Research limitations/implications
Data acquisition techniques contained inherent noise data and resulted in inaccuracies during data conversion.

Originality/value
This work showed that the data acquisition and conversion technique had a significant effect on the quality of the bio-model blueprint and subsequently the printing outcome. In addition, important design factors of bio-models were highlighted such as material requirement and the cost-effectiveness of the printing technique. This paper provides a systematic discussion for future development of an engineering design process in three-dimensional (3D) printed bio-models.
Numerical simulation and experimental calibration of additive manufacturing by blown powder technology. Part I: thermal analysis
Authors: Chiumenti Michele , Lin Xin , Cervera Miguel , Lei Wei , Zheng Yuxiang , Huang Weidong 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to address the numerical simulation of additive manufacturing (AM) processes. The numerical results are compared with the experimental campaign carried out at State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing laboratories, where a laser solid forming machine, also referred to as laser engineered net shaping, is used to fabricate metal parts directly from computer-aided design models. Ti-6Al-4V metal powder is injected into the molten pool created by a focused, high-energy laser beam and a layer of added material is sinterized according to the laser scanning pattern specified by the user.Design/methodology/approachThe numerical model adopts an apropos finite element (FE) activation technology, which reproduces the same scanning pattern set for the numerical control system of the AM machine. This consists of a complex sequence of polylines, used to define the contour of the component, and hatches patterns to fill the inner section. The full sequence is given through the common layer interface format, a standard format for different manufacturing processes such as rapid prototyping, shape metal deposition or machining processes, among others. The result is a layer-by-layer metal deposition which can be used to build-up complex structures for components such as turbine blades, aircraft stiffeners, cooling systems or medical implants, among others.FindingsAd hocFE framework for the numerical simulation of the AM process by metal deposition is introduced. Description of the calibration procedure adopted is presented.Originality/valueThe objectives of this paper are twofold: firstly, this work is intended to calibrate the software for the numerical simulation of the AM process, to achieve high accuracy. Secondly, the sensitivity of the numerical model to the process parameters and modeling data is analyzed.
Transformation of 3D object into flat ribbon for RPS additive manufacturing technology
Authors: Shulunov Vyacheslav 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This study aims to give a description of conformal transformation Cartesian coordinates into spiral coordinates using the example of roll powder sintering (RPS) additive manufacturing (AM) technology. RPS has several advantages over dominant AM processes currently available in the market. RPS allows accomplishing designs, which are impossible, very expensive and difficult to create by other methods. The technology requires slicing a 3D object with spiral scanning.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper describes the possibility of accurate 3D object transformation into a flat ribbon by spiral coordinate system. Parameters of conformal transformation are calculated according to the equation of equivalence between (x, y, z) and (l, z) coordinates.

Findings
As numerical examples show, it is possible to convert three-dimensional space to two-dimensional one if you know the thickness of the spatial layer. The proposed methodology can be used for the transformation of 3D computer-aided design models into 2D strip models.

Originality/value
In this paper, the author proposes a method of converting Cartesian coordinates into spiral coordinates. Conformal transformation of three-dimensional space to two-dimensional one by use of spiral coordinate system is demonstrated by RPS AM technology, which allows to produce objects with high accuracy.
Digital research notebook: a simple tool for reflective learning
Authors: Glassman Julia A. , Worsham Douglas M. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to outline the ongoing development, implementation and evaluation of a digital research notebook designed to support hybrid and online approaches to information literacy development in one-shot, course-integrated and full course instruction.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper describes the authors’ collaborative creation of the research notebook and its evolution from a collection of online modules to a student-centered online learning tool focused on supporting the reflective research and writing process. A small random sampling of notebooks was used for assessment of student learning and the notebook’s effectiveness.

Findings
Hybrid approaches to library instruction that leverage direct assessment of student work as well as opportunities for students to reflect on their research process facilitate both student learning and increased understanding for library staff of how students experience the research and writing process.

Practical implications
The development of instructional tools to extend the “one-shot” model can lead to a variety of instructional innovations and open up opportunities to explore and develop new approaches. Including opportunities for students to reflect and provide feedback on their experience of the research and writing process offers important insights often missed by purely quantitative assessment methods.

Social implications
Use of the research notebook opened up more time during face to face instruction time for deeper learning, critical information literacy and discussions of social justice issues related to information production and access.

Originality/value
The paper presents an innovative, adaptable and scalable approach to addressing common challenges faced by information literacy instruction programs.
Understanding the transfer student experience using design thinking
Authors: Whang Linda , Tawatao Christine , Danneker John , Belanger Jackie , Edward Weber Stephen , Garcia Linda , Klaus Amelia 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss a 2015-2016 University of Washington Libraries project focused on understanding the needs and challenges of transfer students on the Seattle campus and developing innovative ways to support transfer student success.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses design thinking methods, including interviews and rapid iterative prototyping and feedback, to understand and emphasize the user experience.FindingsTransfer students at the Seattle campus identify themselves as a unique group separate from other undergraduates because of their prior experience, shortened timeline at the university and their need to balance academic, work and family commitments. Because transfer students often have little time to learn about and effectively use campus resources, the authors found that working with campus partners to enrich transfer-specific student orientations and events with educational and practical content was the most effective means of supporting new students.Research limitations/implicationsThis pilot study was conducted over an 11-month period with a small number of participants, but the iterative nature of design thinking allowed the authors to gather new feedback from a variety of students and staff at each phase.Originality/valueThis study showcases how design thinking methods can increase understanding of transfer student and other user needs. The design thinking approach can also enable the rapid development of library and campus services, as well as outreach efforts, to meet user needs.
The relationship of paleontology, palaeobotany and coal thickness of Taiyuan Formation, Late Carboniferous – Early Permian in Shanxi Province
Authors: Yang Wen , Hu Sherong , Ma Shimin 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to find the relationship of palaeontology, palaeobotany and coal thickness of Taiyuan Formation during Late Carboniferous – Early Permian Period in Shanxi Province.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper selects three regions, namely, Baode, Xishan and Lingchuan, to analyse the distribution characteristics of palaeontology, palaeobotany and variation of coal thickness.

Findings
It was found that in a certain period of geological history, palaeontology and palaeobotany play a dominant role in shaping of a coal-bearing basin. Coal seam thickness changes largely from the northwest to the southeast, gradually thinning in Taiyuan Formation.

Originality/value
Palaeontology and palaeobotany play a dominant role in the shaping of a coal-bearing basin.
Modeling and simulation of a deformed smart structure using piezoelectric patch
Authors: Abdelaziz Lebied , Brahim Necib , Mohamed Lakhdar Sahli 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
Safety improvement and cost reduction have a strong influence on the way to achieve maintenance operations of complex structures, in particular in air transportation, in civil engineering and others. In this case, piezoelectric ceramics such as sensors and actuators have been used. The advantages of piezoelectric materials include high achievable bandwidth, reliability, compactness, lightness and ease of implementation, thus making them well-suited to be used as actuators and sensors in the case of onboard structures. In this context, this study based around the examination of health and deformation of smart structures, taking into consideration the mechanical and piezoelectric behaviour of sensors and actuators, mechanical contact as well as the initial conditions and the imposed boundary conditions. This paper aims to present an approach for modeling of an intelligent structure by the finite element method. This structure is of aluminum type beam with elastic behaviur where piezoelectric rectangular pellets discreetly spread on the surface of the beam are instrumented. The numerical results were computed and compared to the experimental tests available in the literature and the results show the effectiveness of these piezoelectric (PZT) elements, depending on their positions, and to control the deformed structure, good agreement has been found between the experimental data and numerical predictions.

Design/methodology/approach
Numerical modeling by finite elements model for the measurement of the deformation and the change in shape of a clamped-free structure composed of both elastic and piezoelectric materials have been given by using the Ansys® software. The numerical results were valid by comparisons with analytical and experimental results find in the literature.

Findings
The numerical results showing a good correlation and agree very well. It was also concluded that the actuator and the sensor will be better placed at the housing because it is the position or the actuator that has the greatest impact and where the sensor gives the greatest signal. They are said to be co-located as glues one below the other on either side of the beam.

Originality/value
These materials have an inverse piezoelectric effect allowing them to control the form and present any noise or vibration at any time or position on the structure. The study presented in this paper targets the modeling of a PZT beam device for deform generation by transforming electrical energy into usable load. In this paper, a unimorph piezoelectric cantilever with traditional geometry is investigated for micromanipulation by using the software Ansys®.
Work principle in inelastic buckling analysis of axially compressed rectangular plates
Authors: Eziefula U.G. , Onwuka D.O. , Ibearugbulem O.M. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the inelastic buckling of a rectangular thin flat isotropic plate subjected to uniform uniaxial in-plane compression using a work principle, a deformation plasticity theory and Taylor–Maclaurin series formulation.

Design/methodology/approach
The non-loaded longitudinal edges of the rectangular plate are clamped, whereas the loaded edges are simply supported (CSCS). Total work error function is applied to Stowell’s plasticity theory in the derivation of the inelastic buckling equation. Mathematical formulation of the Taylor–Maclaurin series deflection function satisfied the boundary conditions of the CSCS rectangular plate. The critical inelastic load of the plate is then derived by applying variational principles.

Findings
Values of the plate buckling coefficient are calculated using various values of moduli ratio for aspect ratios ranging from 0.1 to 1.0, in intervals of 0.1. The accuracy of the proposed technique is validated by comparing the results obtained in the present study with solutions from a previous investigation. The percentage differences in the values of the buckling coefficient ranged from −0.122 to −4.685 per cent.

Originality/value
The results indicate that the work principle approach can be used as an alternative approximate method for analyzing inelastic buckling of rectangular thin flat isotropic plates under uniform in-plane compressive loads.
Land scale biogeography of arsenic biotransformation genes in estuarine wetland
Authors: Zhang Si‐Yu , Su Jian‐Qiang , Sun Guo‐Xin , Yang Yunfeng , Zhao Yi , Ding Junjun , Chen Yong‐Shan , Shen Yu , Zhu Guibing , Rensing Christopher , Zhu Yong‐Guan 
Published: April 2017

SummaryAs an analogue of phosphorus, arsenic (As) has a biogeochemical cycle coupled closely with other key elements on the Earth, such as iron, sulfate and phosphate. It has been documented that microbial genes associated with As biotransformation are widely present in As‐rich environments. Nonetheless, their presence in natural environment with low As levels remains unclear. To address this issue, we investigated the abundance levels and diversities of aioA, arrA, arsC and arsM genes in estuarine sediments at low As levels across Southeastern China to uncover biogeographic patterns at a large spatial scale. Unexpectedly, genes involved in As biotransformation were characterized by high abundance and diversity. The functional microbial communities showed a significant decrease in similarity along the geographic distance, with higher turnover rates than taxonomic microbial communities based on the similarities of 16S rRNA genes. Further investigation with niche‐based models showed that deterministic processes played primary roles in shaping both functional and taxonomic microbial communities. Temperature, pH, total nitrogen concentration, carbon/nitrogen ratio and ferric iron concentration rather than As content in these sediments were significantly linked to functional microbial communities, while sediment temperature and pH were linked to taxonomic microbial communities. We proposed several possible mechanisms to explain these results.
Did Health Care Reform Help Kentucky Address Disparities in Coverage and Access to Care among the Poor?
Authors: Benitez Joseph A. , Adams E. Kathleen , Seiber Eric E. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of Kentucky's full rollout of the Affordable Care Act on disparities in access to care due to poverty.Data SourceRestricted version of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for Kentucky and years 2011–2015.Study DesignWe use a difference‐in‐differences framework to compare trends before and after implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in health insurance coverage, several access measures, and health care utilization for residents in higher versus lower poverty ZIP codes.Principal FindingsMuch of the reduction in Kentucky's uninsured rate appears driven by large uptakes in coverage from areas with higher concentrations of poverty. Residents in high‐poverty communities experienced larger reductions, 8 percentage points (pp) in uninsured status and 7.5 pp in reporting unmet needs due to costs, than residents of lower poverty areas. These effects helped remove pre‐ACA disparities in uninsured rates across these areas.ConclusionBecause we observe positive effects on coverage and reductions in financial barriers to care among those from poorer communities, our findings suggest that expanding Medicaid helps address the health care needs of the impoverished.
Heterogeneity in esophageal and gastric cardia precursor progression during six‐year endoscopic surveillance after population‐based screening in a Chinese high‐risk region
Authors: Wen Denggui , Zhang Liwei , Wang Xiaoling , Wen Xiaoduo , Yang Yi , Chen Yuetong , Wang Guiying , Akazawa Kohei , Wang Shijie , Shan Baoen 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe study was conducted to examine esophageal and gastric cardia precursor progression.MethodsAfter population‐based baseline screening, 145 precursor and 335 chronic inflammation cases were endoscopically surveyed for six years.ResultsSurveillance of interval and baseline diagnoses for 18 severe dysplasia (SD) cases later detected were: 13, 23, 39, and 44 months since a diagnosis of chronic inflammation in four cases; 6, 6, 6, 11, 13, 16, 16, and 23 months since mild dysplasia (mD) diagnoses in eight; and 6, 9, 10, 13, 18, and 48 months since moderate dysplasia (MD) diagnoses in six. Rates for 11 carcinoma in situ (Cis) cases later detected were: 7 and 18 months since basal cell hyperplasia (Bch) diagnoses in two; and 6, 6, 9, 13, 13, 18, 35, 44, and 50 months since MD diagnoses in nine. In 10 cancer cases later detected, rates were: 6, 6, 7, 18, 19, 34, 36, and 48 months since SD diagnoses in eight cases with submucosal carcinoma; 46 months since MD diagnosis in a T
2
N
0
M
0 carcinoma case; and 52 months since Bch diagnosis in another T
2
N
0
M
0 case.ConclusionEsophageal and gastric cardia precursors are heterogeneous. Male gender, advanced age, family history of upper gastrointestinal cancer, and multifocal dysplasia are significant independent predictors for progression, and Bch/mD, MD, and SD constitute three distinctive entities regarding the risk of cancer.