bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct and indirect methods in optimal control with state constraints and the climbing trajectory of an aircraft
Authors: Cots Olivier , Gergaud Joseph , Goubinat Damien 
Published: November 2017

SummaryIn this article, the minimum time and fuel consumption of an aircraft in its climbing phase are studied. The controls are the thrust and the lift coefficient and state constraints are taken into account: air slope and speed limitations. The application of the maximum principle leads to parameterize the optimal control and the multipliers associated with the state constraints with the state and the costate and leads to describe a multipoint boundary value problem, which is solved by multiple shooting. This indirect method is the numerical implementation of the maximum principle with state constraints and it is initialized by the direct method, both to determine the optimal structure and to obtain a satisfying initial guess. The solutions of the boundary value problems we define give extremals, which satisfy necessary conditions of optimality with at most 2 boundary arcs. Note that the aircraft dynamics has a singular perturbation but no reduction is performed.
The microstructure determination of ethylene‐styrene‐propylene terpolymers at triad level by high‐temperature two‐dimensional NMR spectra
Authors: Long Ying‐Yun , Wang Yong‐Xia , Li Bai‐Xiang , Li Yan‐Guo , Li Yue‐Sheng 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTTo further extend temperature range of application and low temperature performance of the ethylene‐styrene copolymers, a series of poly(ethylene‐styrene‐propylene) samples with varying monomer compositions and relatively low glass‐transition temperatures (Tg = −28 – 22 °C) were synthesized by Me2Si(Me4Cp)(N‐t‐Bu)TiCl2/MMAO system. Since the 13C NMR spectra of the terpolymers were complex and some new resonances were present, 2D‐1H/13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence and heteronuclear multiple bond correlation experiments were conducted. A complete 13C NMR characterization of these terpolymers was performed qualitatively and quantitatively, including chemical shifts, triad sequence distributions, and monomer average sequence lengths. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 340–350
Decisional regret and choice of breast reconstruction following mastectomy for breast cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Flitcroft Kathy , Brennan Meagan , Spillane Andrew 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveWomen facing mastectomy for breast cancer should have the option of considering whether they would like breast reconstruction (BR), and if so, what type and when. Previous research has demonstrated that some women will come to regret their decision about BR. We aim to summarise the evidence about the prevalence of decisional regret (DR) associated with BR choices and identify factors influencing vulnerability to DR.MethodsA systematic review of the literature reporting BR‐related DR published between January 1994 and February 2017 identified 254 initial search results. Thirteen publications from 12 studies (5672 participants) met the selection criteria and were included in the final review. Each article was allocated a quality score out of 24.ResultsOverall, DR levels were reported as low and stable, although direct comparison across studies was limited by inconsistencies in measurement and reporting methods. Estimates of DR scores ranged from 9.3/100 to 5.4/20. All studies identified a relationship between higher levels of DR and an insufficient amount, inadequate quality, or unclear nature of information provided to women prior to undergoing mastectomy. A major determinant of DR was new or recurrent cancer, while psychosocial characteristics including depression, distress, and negative body image increased the likelihood of DR.ConclusionThe available research is yet to provide a clear understanding of the many interrelated issues involved in DR. Given the consensus that presurgical information was inadequate, making standardised educational material more widely available and increasing use of breast care nurses in preoperative patient education roles may be useful.
The Effect of Some Amines on Ignition Delay Time of Dimethyl Amino Ethyl Azide (DMAZ) and White Fuming Nitric Acid (WFNA)
Authors: Pakdehi Shahram G. , Shirzadi Bahman 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDimethyl amino ethyl azide (DMAZ), as a non‐carcinogen liquid fuel, is a good fuel in space programs. However, it suffers from high ignition delay (ID) time with liquid oxidizer white fuming nitric acid (WFNA). DMAZ were blended with amines in order to reduce the ID time of bipropellant DMAZ‐WFNA. A drop‐on‐pool impingement set‐up, coupled with a high‐speed camera, was applied to investigate the ID time at ambient pressure and temperature. It was found that using of amines had dissimilar effects on the ID time of the bipropellant DMAZ‐WFNA. Results showed that among the amines, pyrrole, tert‐butylamine, n‐octylamine reduced the ID time significantly. This study identified pyrrole as the most efficient “additive” for decreasing ID time (from 90 milliseconds to 20 milliseconds). Finally, a quantum molecular dynamics simulation was conducted to probe how the additive affects on the ID time.
Further on the controllability of networked MIMO LTI systems
Authors: Hao Yuqing , Duan Zhisheng , Chen Guanrong 
Published: November 2017

SummaryFurther on the controllability of networked multiple‐input–multiple‐output systems, an efficient, necessary, and sufficient condition is derived, where the network topology is directed and weighted and the nodes are higher‐dimensional linear time‐invariant systems. The new condition is easier to verify, which explicitly shows the effects of the network topology, node‐system dynamics, external control inputs, and inner interactions on the controllability of the whole networked system. For networked multiple‐input–multiple‐output systems in several specific topologies, the corresponding conditions are expressed more precisely. The effectiveness of the conditions is demonstrated through several examples.
An analytical framework for remote sensing satellite networks based on the model predictive control with convex optimization
Authors: Zheng Yongxing , Zhao Shanghong , Tan Qinggui , Li YongJun , Jiang Yong , Xin Ning 
Published: November 2017

SummaryIn this paper, we consider the problem of maximizing the throughput of remote sensing satellite networks. In such networks, the link capacities and routing matrices are varying over time. We propose a convex optimization‐based analytical framework for the problem. To maximize the network throughput under the premise of satisfying the delay constraint, we formulate the data transmission schedule into an optimization problem aiming at maximizing the delay‐constrained throughput. Considering the fact that the future link capacities cannot be accurately known in the actual situation, we propose a heuristic and distributed framework on the basis of model predictive control for approximately solving the problem. This framework can be used to design remote sensing data transmission schedules under various scenarios. We adopt a generic example to simulate and analyze the framework. The simulation results show that the proposed analytic framework can obtain the approximate solution that is very close to the optimal solution by solving the convex optimization problem step‐by‐step. The heuristic algorithm based on model predictive control can obtain the approximate solution, which is very close to the optimal solution in distributed scenario.
Emotional practices: how masking negative emotions impacts the post‐acquisition integration process
Authors: Vuori Natalia , Vuori Timo O. , Huy Quy N. 
Published: November 2017

Research Summary:We conducted a real‐time field study of a post‐acquisition integration process. We identified two practices that contributed to integration failure. First, the practice of masking negative emotions caused members of both firms to perceive that the partner firm's members were satisfied with the integration process, even though they were not. These false perceptions of satisfaction resulted in minimal corrective actions, the escalation of the situation, and ultimately, integration failure. Second, efficiency‐driven communication practices used in inter‐firm communication exacerbated the effect of masking negative emotions on false perceptions of satisfaction by shielding both firms’ members from the other firm's members’ spontaneous emotional reactions. Our research invites scholars to consider more deeply the emotional consequences of various common organizational practices.Managerial Summary:Do you disagree with your employee, manager, or business partner? Does this disagreement make you annoyed or even angry? Yet, you decide to mask your negative emotions and discuss the disagreement with a neutral or happy face. Wrong. We find that masking negative emotions in the work environment can prevent corrective actions, escalate disagreement, and make people to develop long‐lasting negative sentiments toward the counterpart that ultimately result in dysfunctional behaviors. Our findings further reveal that commonly used organizational practices such as communicating via email may contribute to the deliberate masking of negative emotions. We suggest that managers should carefully review if and how their organization's practices prevent or enable people to share their emotions authentically to ensure timely corrective actions and proactive development of business operations.
The interplay of competitive and cooperative behavior and differential benefits in alliances
Authors: Arslan Birgul 
Published: November 2017

Research Summary: Building on game theory and the transaction costs paradigm, this paper systematically examines the interplay between competitive and cooperative behavior and its effect on differential benefits in alliances. Cooperative behavior leads to joint value creation that yields common benefits, while competitive behavior is linked with value appropriation resulting in private benefits. Differential benefits arise when partners extract private benefits. Yet, private benefit extraction depends on the associated reduction in the common benefit potential of the alliance. This paper demonstrates that differential benefits decrease as partners refrain from private benefit extraction when the common benefit potential is high and common benefits are equally distributed. Differential benefits increase when a partner holds dominant operational control under high levels of task interdependence.Managerial Summary: While alliances create synergy potential unavailable to individual firms, they may also lead to differential benefits to the partners. Since differential benefits may hurt a partner both within and outside the scope of the alliance, it is important to understand how they arise. A key source of differential benefits is private benefit extraction through the misappropriation of partner resources. Overall, private benefit extraction depends on the associated reduction in the common benefit potential of the alliance. The findings suggest that partners may refrain from private benefit extraction when the common benefit potential is high and when the expected common benefits are equally distributed among partners. In contrast, private benefits increase when one partner holds dominant operational control under high levels of task interdependence.
Long Noncoding RNA RP11-380D23.2 Drives Distal-Proximal Patterning of the Lung by Regulating PITX2 Expression
Authors: Banerjee Poulomi , Surendran Harshini , Bharti Kapil , Morishita Kaoru , Varshney Anurag , Pal Rajarshi 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Early lung development is a tightly orchestrated process encompassing (a) formation of definitive endoderm, (b) anteriorization of definitive endoderm, followed by (c) specification and maturation of both proximal and distal lung precursors. Several reports detailing the interaction of genes and proteins during lung development are available; however, studies reporting the role(s) of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) in lung morphogenesis are limited. To investigate this, we tailored a protocol for differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells into distal and proximal lung progenitors to mimic in vivo lung development. The authenticity of differentiated cells was confirmed by expression of key lung markers such as FoxA2, Sox-17, Nkx2.1, Pitx2, FoxJ1, CC10, SPC, and via scanning as well as transmission electron microscopy. We employed next generation sequencing to identify lncRNAs and categorized them based on their proximity to genes essential for lung morphogenesis. In-depth bioinformatical analysis of the sequencing data enabled identification of a novel lncRNA, RP11-380D23.2, which is located upstream of PITX2 and includes a binding site for PARP1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and other relevant studies revealed that PARP1 is a repressor for PITX2. Whole genome microarray analysis of RP11-380D23.2/PITX2 knockdown populations of progenitors demonstrated enrichment in proximal progenitors and indicated altered distal-proximal patterning. Dysregulation of WNT effectors in both knockdowns highlighted direct modulation of PITX2 by RP11-380D23.2. Most of these results were validated in four independent hiPSC lines (including a patient-specific CFTR mutant line). Taken together, these findings offer a mechanistic explanation underpinning the role of RP11-380D23.2 during lung morphogenesis via WNT signaling.
Genetic Diagnosis before Surgery has an Impact on Surgical Decision in BRCA Mutation Carriers with Breast Cancer
Authors: Park Sungmin , Lee Jeong Eon , Ryu Jai Min , Kim Issac , Bae Soo Youn , Lee Se Kyung , Yu Jonghan , Kim Seok Won , Nam Seok Jin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe first aim of our study was to evaluate surgical decision‐making by BRCA mutation carriers with breast cancer based on the timing of knowledge of their BRCA mutation status. The second aim was to evaluate breast cancer outcome following surgical treatment.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 164 patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer, tested for BRCA mutation, and treated with primary surgery between 2004 and 2015 at Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, Korea. We reviewed types of surgery and timing of the BRCA test result. We compared surgical decision‐ making of BRCA carriers with breast cancer based on the timing of knowledge of their BRCA mutation status.ResultsOnly 15 (9.1%) patients knew their BRCA test results before their surgery, and 149 (90.9%) knew the results after surgery. In patients with unilateral cancer, there was a significant difference between groups whose BRCA mutation status known before surgery and groups whose BRCA status unknown before surgery regarding the choice of surgery (p = 0.017). No significant difference was observed across surgery types of risk of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (p = 0.765) and contralateral breast cancer (p = 0.69).ConclusionGenetic diagnosis before surgery has an impact on surgical decision choosing unilateral mastectomy or bilateral mastectomy in BRCA mutation carriers with breast cancer. Knowledge about BRCA mutation status after initial surgery led to additional surgeries for patients with BCS. Thus, providing genetic counseling and genetic testing before surgical choice and developing treatment strategies for patients with a high risk of breast cancer are important.
Vacuum‐Assisted Wound Closure with Mesh‐Mediated Fascial Traction Achieves Better Outcomes than Vacuum‐Assisted Wound Closure Alone: A Comparative Study
Authors: Salamone Giuseppe , Licari Leo , Guercio Giovanni , Comelli Albert , Mangiapane Mirko , Falco Nicolò , Tutino Roberta , Bagarella Noemi , Campanella Sofia , Porrello Calogero , Gullo Roberto , Cocorullo Gianfranco , Gulotta Gaspare 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundOpen abdomen (OA) permits the application of damage control surgery principles when abdominal trauma, sepsis, severe acute peritonitis and abdominal compartmental syndrome (ACS) occur.MethodsNon‐traumatic patients treated with OA between January 2010 and December 2015 were identified in a prospective database, and the data collected were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ records were collected from charts and the surgical and intensive care unit (ICU) registries. The Acosta “modified” technique was used to achieve fascial closure in vacuum‐assisted wound closure and mesh‐mediated fascial traction (VAWCM) patients. Sex, age, simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II), abdominal compartmental syndrome (ACS), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and surgical technique performed were evaluated in a multivariate analysis for mortality and fascial closure prediction.ResultsNinety‐six patients with a median age of 69 (40–78) years were included in the study. Sixty‐nine patients (72%) underwent VAWCM. Forty‐one patients (68%) achieved primary fascia closure: two patients (5%) were treated with VAWC (37 median days) versus 39 patients (95%) who were treated with VAWCM (10 median days) (p = 0.0003). Forty‐eight patients underwent OA treatment due to ACS, and 24 patients (50%) survived compared to 36 patients (75%) from the “other reasons” group (p = 0.01). The ACS group required longer mechanical ventilator support (p = 0.006), length of stay in hospital (p = 0.005) and in ICU (p = 0.04) and had higher SAPS II scores (p = 0.0002).ConclusionsThe survival rate was 62%. ACS (p = 0.01), SAPS II (p = 0.004), sex (p = 0.01), pre‐existing CVD (p = 0.0007) and surgical technique (VAWC vs VAWCM) (p = 0.0009) were determined to be predictors of mortality. Primary fascial closure was obtained in 68% of cases. VAWCM was found to grant higher survival and primary fascial closure rate.
Routine Virtual Ileostomy Following Restorative Proctocolectomy for Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Ambe Peter C. , Zirngibl Hubert , Möslein Gabriela 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundAnastomotic leakage (AL) is the most feared complication in colorectal surgery. A diverting ileostomy is routinely used to prevent or reduce morbidity and mortality following AL. However, a diverting ileostomy cannot prevent AL. Besides, diverting ileostomy might be associated with relevant complications. Herein, we introduce the virtual ileostomy as an alternative to diverting ileostomy in patients undergoing restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis (IPAA) for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).Materials and methodsThe results of eight patients, five females and three males with a median age of 19.5 ± 6.0 years (range 16.0–31.0 years), undergoing restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA and virtual ileostomy for FAP are presented.ResultsAll cases were laparoscopically managed. The virtual ileostomy was released between postoperative day 7 and 9. No AL was registered. Postoperative recovery was uneventful in all cases.ConclusionA diverting ileostomy was prevented via the use of virtual ileostomy in all cases. Thus, virtual ileostomy is a good alternative to diverting ileostomy in patients undergoing restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA for FAP.
Olfactory discrimination of anal sac secretions in the domestic cat and the chemical profiles of the volatile compounds
Authors: Miyazaki Tamako , Nishimura Takashi , Yamashita Tetsuro , Miyazaki Masao 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Scent emitted from anal sac secretions provides important signals for most Carnivora. Their secretions emit a variety of volatile compounds, some of which function as chemical signals with information about the scent owners. The domestic cat has a pair of anal sac glands to secrete a pungent liquid. Their anal sac secretions may give information about sex, reproductive state, and recognition of individuals. However, little is known about the volatile compounds emitted from anal sac secretions and their biological functions in cats. In this study, we examined the volatile chemical profiles of anal sac secretions in cats and their olfactory ability to discriminate intraspecific anal sac secretions. Analysis with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that the major volatile compounds were short-chain free fatty acids, whose contents varied among individuals, as well as other carnivores. There was no sex difference in the volatile profiles. In temporal analyses of individual anal sac secretions performed 2 months apart, the profiles were highly conserved within individuals. Habituation–dishabituation tests showed that cats can distinguish individual differences in the odor of anal sac secretions. These results suggest that cats utilize short-chain free fatty acids emitted from anal sac secretions to obtain scent information for individual recognition rather than species or sex recognition.
Plant–soil interactions maintain biodiversity and functions of tropical forest ecosystems
Authors: Fujii Kazumichi , Shibata Makoto , Kitajima Kaoru , Ichie Tomoaki , Kitayama Kanehiro , Turner Benjamin L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTropical forests are characterized by high biodiversity and aboveground biomass growing on strongly weathered soils. However, the distribution of plant species and soils are highly variable even within a tropical region. This paper reviews existing and novel knowledge on soil genesis, plant and microbial physiology, and biogeochemistry. Typically, forests in Southeast Asia are dominated by dipterocarps growing on acidic Ultisols from relatively young parent material. In the Neotropics and Africa, forests contain abundant legume trees growing on Oxisols developed in the older parent materials on stable continental shields. In Southeast Asia, the removal of base cations from the surface soil due to leaching and uptake by dipterocarp trees result in intensive acidification and accumulation of exchangeable Al3+, which is toxic to most plants. Nutrient mining by ectomycorrhizal fungi and efficient allocation within tree organs can supply phosphorus (P) for reproduction (e.g., mast fruiting) even on P‐limited soils. In the Neotropics and Africa, nitrogen (N) fixation by legume trees can ameliorate N or P limitation but excess N can promote acidification through nitrification. Biological weathering [e.g., plant silicon (Si) cycling] and leaching can lead to loss of Si from soil. The resulting accumulation of Al and Fe oxides in Oxisols that can reduce P solubility through sorption and lead to limitation of P relative to N. Thus, geographical variation in geology and plant species drives patterns of soil weathering and niche differentiation at the global scale in tropical forests.
The limits of guilt
Authors: Balafoutas Loukas , Fornwagner Helena 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAccording to the theory of guilt aversion, agents suffer a psychological cost whenever they fall short of other people’s expectations. In this paper, we suggest that there may be limits to this kind of motivation. We present evidence from an experimental dictator game showing that behavior is consistent with guilt aversion for relatively low levels of recipient expectations, roughly up to the point where the recipient expects half of the available surplus. Beyond that point the relationship between expectations and transfers becomes negative. Moreover, we examine this relationship at the individual level and establish a typology of subjects depending on how and whether they condition their behavior on recipient expectations.