bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of single‐ or dual‐chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator systems in Japanese patients
Authors: Ueda Akiko , Oginosawa Yasushi , Soejima Kyoko , Abe Haruhiko , Kohno Ritsuko , Ohe Hisaharu , Momose Yuichi , Nagaoka Mika , Matsushita Noriko , Hoshida Kyoko , Miwa Yosuke , Miyakoshi Mutsumi , Togashi Ikuko , Maeda Akiko , Sato Toshiaki , Yoshino Hideaki 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundThere are no criteria for selecting single‐ or dual‐chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in patients without a pacing indication. Recent reports showed no benefit of the dual‐chamber system despite its preference in the United States. As data on ICD selection and respective outcomes in Japanese patients are scarce, we investigated trends regarding single‐ and dual‐chamber ICD usage in Japan.MethodsData from a total of 205 ICD recipients with structural heart disease (median age, 63 years) in two Japanese university hospitals were reviewed. Patients with bradycardia with a pacing indication and permanent atrial fibrillation at implantation were excluded.ResultsSingle‐ and dual‐chamber ICDs were implanted in 36 (18%) and 169 (82%) patients, respectively. Non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy dominated both groups. Seventeen dual‐chamber patients developed atrial pacing‐dependency over 4.5 years, and it developed immediately after implantation in 14. Although preoperative testing showed no sign of bradycardia in these patients, their pacing rate was set higher than it was in patients who were pacing‐independent (61 vs. 46 paces per min, p<0.01). Two single‐chamber patients (5%) underwent atrial lead insertion.While inappropriate shock equally occurred in both groups (7 vs. 21 patients, single‐ vs. dual‐chamber, P=0.285), device‐related infection occurred only in dual‐chamber patients (0 vs. 9 patients, P=0.155). No differences in death or heart failure hospitalization were observed between groups.ConclusionsDual‐chamber ICDs were four‐fold more common in Japanese patients without a pacing indication. No benefit over single‐chamber ICD was observed. Newly developed atrial pacing‐dependency seemed to be limited and could have been overestimated due to higher pacing rate settings in dual‐chamber patients.
Orthogonally Additive Polynomials and Orthosymmetric Maps in Banach Algebras with Properties 𝔸 and 𝔹
Authors: Alaminos J. , Brešar M. , Špenko Š. , Villena A. R. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper considers Banach algebras with properties 𝔸 or 𝔹, introduced recently by Alaminos et al. The class of Banach algebras satisfying either of these two properties is quite large; in particular, it includes C*-algebras and group algebras on locally compact groups. Our first main result states that a continuous orthogonally additive n-homogeneous polynomial on a commutative Banach algebra with property 𝔸 and having a bounded approximate identity is of a standard form. The other main results describe Banach algebras A with property 𝔹 and having a bounded approximate identity that admit non-zero continuous symmetric orthosymmetric n-linear maps from An into ℂ.
Intestine-selective farnesoid X receptor inhibition improves obesity-related metabolic dysfunction
Authors: Jiang Changtao , Xie Cen , Lv Ying , Li Jing , Krausz Kristopher W. , Shi Jingmin , Brocker Chad N. , Desai Dhimant , Amin Shantu G. , Bisson William H. , Liu Yulan , Gavrilova Oksana , Patterson Andrew D. , Gonzalez Frank J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates bile acid, lipid and glucose metabolism. Here we show that treatment of mice with glycine-β-muricholic acid (Gly-MCA) inhibits FXR signalling exclusively in intestine, and improves metabolic parameters in mouse models of obesity. Gly-MCA is a selective high-affinity FXR inhibitor that can be administered orally and prevents, or reverses, high-fat diet-induced and genetic obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in mice. The high-affinity FXR agonist GW4064 blocks Gly-MCA action in the gut, and intestine-specific Fxr-null mice are unresponsive to the beneficial effects of Gly-MCA. Mechanistically, the metabolic improvements with Gly-MCA depend on reduced biosynthesis of intestinal-derived ceramides, which directly compromise beige fat thermogenic function. Consequently, ceramide treatment reverses the action of Gly-MCA in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. We further show that FXR signalling in ileum biopsies of humans positively correlates with body mass index. These data suggest that Gly-MCA may be a candidate for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
Epigenetic switch drives the conversion of fibroblasts into proinvasive cancer-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Albrengues Jean , Bertero Thomas , Grasset Eloise , Bonan Stephanie , Maiel Majdi , Bourget Isabelle , Philippe Claude , Herraiz Serrano Cecilia , Benamar Samia , Croce Olivier , Sanz-Moreno Victoria , Meneguzzi Guerrino , Feral Chloe C. , Cristofari Gael , Gaggioli Cedric 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCarcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAF) mediate the onset of a proinvasive tumour microenvironment. The proinflammatory cytokine LIF reprograms fibroblasts into a proinvasive phenotype, which promotes extracellular matrix remodelling and collective invasion of cancer cells. Here we unveil that exposure to LIF initiates an epigenetic switch leading to the constitutive activation of JAK1/STAT3 signalling, which results in sustained proinvasive activity of CAF. Mechanistically, p300-histone acetyltransferase acetylates STAT3, which, in turn, upregulates and activates the DNMT3b DNA methyltransferase. DNMT3b methylates CpG sites of the SHP-1 phosphatase promoter, which abrogates SHP-1 expression, and results in constitutive phosphorylation of JAK1. Sustained JAK1/STAT3 signalling is maintained by DNA methyltransferase DNMT1. Consistently, in human lung and head and neck carcinomas, STAT3 acetylation and phosphorylation are inversely correlated with SHP-1 expression. Combined inhibition of DNMT activities and JAK signalling, in vitro and in vivo, results in long-term reversion of CAF-associated proinvasive activity and restoration of the wild-type fibroblast phenotype.
Basal body multipotency and axonemal remodelling are two pathways to a 9+0 flagellum
Authors: Wheeler R. J. , Gluenz E. , Gull K. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractEukaryotic cilia/flagella exhibit two characteristic ultrastructures reflecting two main functions; a 9+2 axoneme for motility and a 9+0 axoneme for sensation and signalling. Whether, and if so how, they interconvert is unclear. Here we analyse flagellum length, structure and molecular composition changes in the unicellular eukaryotic parasite Leishmania during the transformation of a life cycle stage with a 9+2 axoneme (the promastigote) to one with a 9+0 axoneme (the amastigote). We show 9+0 axonemes can be generated by two pathways: by de novo formation and by restructuring of existing 9+2 axonemes associated with decreased intraflagellar transport. Furthermore, pro-basal bodies formed under conditions conducive for 9+2 axoneme formation can form a 9+0 axoneme de novo. We conclude that pro-centrioles/pro-basal bodies are multipotent and not committed to form either a 9+2 or 9+0 axoneme. In an alternative pathway structures can also be removed from existing 9+2 axonemes to convert them to 9+0.
Osteoblast Lineage Cells Play an Essential Role in Periodontal Bone Loss Through Activation of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B
Authors: Pacios Sandra , Xiao Wenmei , Mattos Marcelo , Lim Jason , Tarapore Rohinton S. , Alsadun Sarah , Yu Bo , Wang Cun-Yu , Graves Dana T. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBacterial pathogens stimulate periodontitis, the most common osteolytic disease in humans and the most common cause of tooth loss in adults. Previous studies identified leukocytes and their products as key factors in this process. We demonstrate for the first time that osteoblast lineage cells play a critical role in periodontal disease. Oral infection stimulated nuclear localization of NF-κB in osteoblasts and osteocytes in the periodontium of wild type but not transgenic mice that expressed a lineage specific dominant negative mutant of IKK (IKK-DN) in osteoblast lineage cells. Wild-type mice were also susceptible to bacteria induced periodontal bone loss but transgenic mice were not. The lack of bone loss in the experimental group was linked to reduced RANKL expression by osteoblast lineage cells that led to diminished osteoclast mediated bone resorption and greater coupled new bone formation. The results demonstrate that osteoblast lineage cells are key contributors to periodontal bone loss through an NF-κB mediated mechanism.
Two domain-disrupted hda6 alleles have opposite epigenetic effects on transgenes and some endogenous targets
Authors: Zhang Shoudong , Zhan Xiangqiang , Xu Xiaoming , Cui Peng , Zhu Jian-Kang , Xia Yiji , Xiong Liming 
Published: December 2015

AbstractHDA6 is a RPD3-like histone deacetylase. In Arabidopsis, it mediates transgene and some endogenous target transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) via histone deacetylation and DNA methylation. Here, we characterized two hda6 mutant alleles that were recovered as second-site suppressors of the DNA demethylation mutant ros1–1. Although both alleles derepressed 35S::NPTII and RD29A::LUC in the ros1–1 background, they had distinct effects on the expression of these two transgenes. In accordance to expression profiles of two transgenes, the alleles have distinct opposite methylation profiles on two reporter gene promoters. Furthermore, both alleles could interact in vitro and in vivo with the DNA methyltransferase1 with differential interactive strength and patterns. Although these alleles accumulated different levels of repressive/active histone marks, DNA methylation but not histone modifications in the two transgene promoters was found to correlate with the level of derepression of the reporter genes between the two had6 alleles. Our study reveals that mutations in different domains of HDA6 convey different epigenetic status that in turn controls the expression of the transgenes as well as some endogenous loci.
A simple coculture system shows mutualism between anaerobic faecalibacteria and epithelial Caco-2 cells
Authors: Sadaghian Sadabad Mehdi , von Martels Julius Z. H. , Khan Muhammed Tanweer , Blokzijl Tjasso , Paglia Giuseppe , Dijkstra Gerard , Harmsen Hermie J. M. , Faber Klaas Nico 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMost gut bacteria are obligate anaerobes and are important for human health. However, little mechanistic insight is available on the health benefits of specific anaerobic gut bacteria. A main obstacle in generating such knowledge is the lack of simple and robust coculturing methods for anaerobic bacteria and oxygen-requiring human cells. Here, we describe the development of a coculture system for intestinal Caco-2 cells and an anaerobic symbiont, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, making use of 50 mL culture tubes. F. prausnitzii was grown in 40 mL YCFAG-agar with glass-adhered Caco-2 cells placed on top in 10 mL DMEM medium. Grown for 18–36 h in a humidified incubator at 37 °C and 5% CO2, coverslip-attached Caco-2 cells promoted growth and metabolism of F. prausnitzii, while F. prausnitzii suppressed inflammation and oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. F. prausnitzii did not compromise Caco-2 cell viability. Exogenously added porcine mucin also promoted growth of F. prausnitzii, suggesting that it may be part of the mechanism of Caco-2-stimulated growth of F. prausnitzii. This ‘Human oxygen-Bacteria anaerobic‘ (HoxBan) coculturing system uniquely establishes host-microbe mutualism of a beneficial anaerobic gut microbe in vitro and principally allows the analysis of host-microbe interactions of pure and mixed cultures of bacteria and human cells.
Ba1−xSrxZn2Si2O7 - A new family of materials with negative and very high thermal expansion
Authors: Thieme Christian , Görls Helmar , Rüssel Christian 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe compound BaZn2Si2O7 shows a high coefficient of thermal expansion up to a temperature of 280 °C, then a transition to a high temperature phase is observed. This high temperature phase exhibits negative thermal expansion. If Ba2+ is successively replaced by Sr2+, a new phase with a structure, similar to that of the high temperature phase of BaZn2Si2O7, forms. At the composition Ba0.8Sr0.2Zn2Si2O7, this new phase is completely stabilized. The crystal structure was determined with single crystal X-ray diffraction using the composition Ba0.6Sr0.4Zn2Si2O7, which crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm. The negative thermal expansion is a result of motions and distortions inside the crystal lattice, especially inside the chains of ZnO4 tetrahedra. Dilatometry and high temperature X-ray powder diffraction were used to verify the negative thermal expansion. Coefficients of thermal expansion partially smaller than −10·10−6 K−1 were measured.
A Microperfusion and In-Bore Oxygenator System Designed for Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Studies on Living Tissue Explants
Authors: Flint Jeremy J. , Menon Kannan , Hansen Brian , Forder John , Blackband Stephen J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSpectrometers now offer the field strengths necessary to visualize mammalian cells but were not designed to accommodate imaging of live tissues. As such, spectrometers pose significant challenges—the most evident of which are spatial limitations—to conducting experiments in living tissue. This limitation becomes problematic upon trying to employ commercial perfusion equipment which is bulky and—being designed almost exclusively for light microscopy or electrophysiology studies—seldom includes MR-compatibility as a design criterion. To overcome problems exclusive to ultra-high magnetic field environments with limited spatial access, we have designed microperfusion and in-bore oxygenation systems capable of interfacing with Bruker’s series of micro surface-coils. These devices are designed for supporting cellular resolution imaging in MR studies of excised, living tissue. The combined system allows for precise control of both dissolved gas and pH levels in the perfusate thus demonstrating applicability for a wide range of tissue types. Its compactness, linear architecture and MR-compatible material content are key design features intended to provide a versatile hardware interface compatible with any NMR spectrometer. Such attributes will ensure the microperfusion rig’s continued utility as it may be used with a multitude of contemporary NMR systems in addition to those which are currently in development.
Self-assembly of Carbon Vacancies in Sub-stoichiometric ZrC1−x
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Liu Bin , Wang Jingyang 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSub-stoichiometric interstitial compounds, including binary transition metal carbides (MC1−x), maintain structural stability even if they accommodate abundant anion vacancies. This unique character endows them with variable-composition, diverse-configuration and controllable-performance through composition and structure design. Herein, the evolution of carbon vacancy (VC) configuration in sub-stoichiometric ZrC1−x is investigated by combining the cluster expansion method and first-principles calculations. We report the interesting self-assembly of VCs and the fingerprint VC configuration (VC triplet constructed by 3rd nearest neighboring vacancies) in all the low energy structures of ZrC1−x. When VC concentration is higher than the critical value of 0.5 (x > 0.5), the 2nd nearest neighboring VC configurations with strongly repulsive interaction inevitably appear and meanwhile, the system energy (or formation enthalpy) of ZrC1−x increases sharply which suggests the material may lose phase stability. The present results clarify why ZrC1−x bears a huge amount of VCs, tends towards VC ordering and retains stability up to a stoichiometry of x = 0.5.
Realizing Broadband and Invertible Linear-to-circular Polarization Converter with Ultrathin Single-layer Metasurface
Authors: Li Zhancheng , Liu Wenwei , Cheng Hua , Chen Shuqi , Tian Jianguo 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe arbitrary control of the polarization states of light has attracted the interest of the scientific community because of the wide range of modern optical applications that such control can afford. However, conventional polarization control setups are bulky and very often operate only within a narrow wavelength range, thereby resisting optical system miniaturization and integration. Here, we present the basic theory, simulated demonstration and in-depth analysis of a high-performance broadband and invertible linear-to-circular (LTC) polarization converter composed of a single-layer gold nanorod array with a total thickness of ~λ/70 for the near-infrared regime. This setup can transform a circularly polarized wave into a linearly polarized one or a linearly polarized wave with a wavelength-dependent electric field polarization angle into a circularly polarized one in the transmission mode. The broadband and invertible LTC polarization conversion can be attributed to the tailoring of the light interference at the subwavelength scale via the induction of the anisotropic optical resonance mode. This ultrathin single-layer metasurface relaxes the high-precision requirements of the structure parameters in general metasurfaces while retaining the polarization conversion performance. Our findings open up intriguing possibilities towards the realization of novel integrated metasurface-based photonics devices for polarization manipulation, modulation and phase retardation.
Associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and bone turnover markers in a population based sample of German children
Authors: Thiering E. , Brüske I. , Kratzsch J. , Hofbauer L. C. , Berdel D. , von Berg A. , Lehmann I. , Hoffmann B. , Bauer C. P. , Koletzko S. , Heinrich J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSevere vitamin D deficiency is known to cause rickets, however epidemiological studies and RCTs did not reveal conclusive associations for other parameters of bone health. In our study, we aimed to investigate the association between serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D and bone turnover markers in a population-based sample of children. 25(OH)D, calcium (Ca), osteocalcin (OC) and β-Crosslaps (β-CTx) were measured in 2798 ten-year-old children from the German birth cohorts GINIplus and LISAplus. Linear regression was used to determine the association between bone turnover markers and 25(OH)D levels. 25(OH)D, OC and β-CTx showed a clear seasonal variation. A 10 nmol/l increase in 25(OH)D was significantly associated with a 10.5 ng/l decrease (p < 0.001) in β-CTx after adjustment for design, sex, fasting status, time of blood drawn, BMI, growth rate and detectable testosterone/estradiol. For OC alone no significant association with 25(OH)D was observed, whereas the β-CTx-to-OC ratio was inversely associated with 25(OH)D (−1.7% change, p < 0.001). When stratifying the analyses by serum calcium levels, associations were stronger in children with Ca levels below the median. This study in school-aged children showed a seasonal variation of 25(OH)D and the bone turnover markers OC and β-CTx. Furthermore a negative association between 25(OH)D and the bone resorption marker β-CTx was observed.
A Large-scale Survey of CRF55_01B from Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men in China: implying the Evolutionary History and Public Health Impact
Authors: Han Xiaoxu , Takebe Yutaka , Zhang Weiqing , An Minghui , Zhao Bin , Hu Qinghai , Xu Junjie , Wu Hao , Wu Jianjun , Lu Lin , Chen Xi , Liang Shu , Wang Zhe , Yan Hongjing , Fu Jihua , Cai Weiping , Zhuang Minghua , Liao Christina , Shang Hong 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe HIV-1 epidemic among men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) continues to expand in China, involving the co-circulation of several different lineages of HIV-1 strains, including subtype B and CRF01_AE. This expansion has created conditions that facilitate the generation of new recombinant strains. A molecular epidemiologic survey among MSM in 11 provinces/cities around China was conducted from 2008 to 2013. Based on pol nucleotide sequences, a total of 19 strains (1.95%) belonged to the CRF55_01B were identified from 975 MSM in 7 provinces, with the prevalence range from 1.5% to 12.5%. Near full length genome (NFLG) sequences from six epidemiologically-unlinked MSM were amplified for analyzing evolutionary history, an identical genome structure composed of CRF01_AE and subtype B with four unique recombination breakpoints in the pol region were identified. Bayesian molecular clock analyses for both CRF01_AE and B segments indicated that the estimated time of the most recent common ancestors of CRF55_01B was around the year 2000. Our study found CRF55_01B has spread throughout the most provinces with high HIV-1 prevalence and highlights the importance of continual surveillance of dynamic changes in HIV-1 strains, the emergence of new recombinants and the need for implementing effective prevention measures specifically targeting the MSM population in China.
The significance of G-CSF expression and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the chemoresistance of uterine cervical cancer
Authors: Kawano Mahiru , Mabuchi Seiji , Matsumoto Yuri , Sasano Tomoyuki , Takahashi Ryoko , Kuroda Hiromasa , Kozasa Katsumi , Hashimoto Kae , Isobe Aki , Sawada Kenjiro , Hamasaki Toshimitsu , Morii Eiichi , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractGranulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) producing malignant tumor has been reported to occur in various organs and has been associated with poor clinical outcome. The aim of this study is to investigate the significance of tumor G-CSF expression in the chemosensitivity of uterine cervical cancer. The clinical data of recurrent or advanced cervical cancer patients who were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy were analyzed. Clinical samples, cervical cancer cell lines and a mouse model of cervical cancer were employed to examine the mechanisms responsible for the development of chemoresistance in G-CSF-producing cervical cancer, focusing on myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). As a result, the tumor G-CSF expression was significantly associated with increased MDSC frequencies and compromised survival. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the increased MDSC induced by tumor-derived G-CSF is involved in the development of chemoresistance. The depletion of MDSC via splenectomy or the administration of anti-Gr-1 antibody sensitized G-CSF-producing cervical cancer to cisplatin. In conclusion, tumor G-CSF expression is an indicator of an extremely poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients that are treated with chemotherapy. Combining MDSC-targeting treatments with current standard chemotherapies might have therapeutic efficacy as a treatment for G-CSF-producing cervical cancer.