bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of calcium aluminate cement by combustion synthesis and application for corundum‐based castables
Authors: Yang Shoulei , Xiao Guoqing , Ding Donghai , Ren Yun , Lv Lihua , Yang Pan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCalcium aluminate cement was prepared by combustion synthesis with CaO2, Al, and Al2O3as raw materials. The effects of CaO/Al2O3(C/A) molar ratios in raw materials on the phase compositions and morphologies of calcium aluminate were investigated in detail. It was found that when the C/A reduced from 1.1 to 0.74, the content of CaO·2Al2O3(CA2) in products increased, whereas contents of CaO·Al2O3(CA) and 12CaO·7Al2O3(C12A7) decreased; when the C/A was 0.8, the phase composition of product (CS71) was equal to that of Secar71. Additionally, the crystallines ofCAandCA2in the product were reduced when the C/A molar ratio was decreased. And then, the bulk density, apparent porosity, permanent linear change, cold crushing strength (CCS), and cold modulus of rupture (CMOR) of the corundum‐based castables bonded withCS71, Secar7 were compared. The castables bonded withCS71 demonstrate obviously improvedCCS,CMOR, and volume stability.
Effect of heat treatment of rye flour on rye‐wheat steamed bread quality
Authors: Gao Qing , Liu Chong , Zheng Xueling 
Published: November 2017

SummaryTo study the effect of heat treatment on rye flour quality, rye flour was treated by steaming, high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) and extrusion and then the pasting properties of rye flour and rye‐wheat blend, the dough rheological and steamed bread (respectively, fermented by yeast and Chinese traditional starter – Laomian) making properties of rye‐wheat blend were investigated. All three kinds of heat treatment increased the viscosity of rye flour, with the peak viscosity value followed the order 1744 cP (by steaming) >823.5 cP (by HTHP) >669 cP (by extrusion) > 626.5 cP (untreated). Dough and gluten made from mRFh (HTHP‐treated rye flour and wheat flour blend) had higher storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″), which contributed to better extensibility and deformation capability. Steamed bread fermented by Laomian (LSB) made by mRFh had larger specific volume (2.26 mL g−1), lower hardness (3510.93 g) and higher sensory scores (82.63), comparable to the quality of control samples, indicating the feasibility of adding rye flour into wheat flour for healthy product development without compromising the taste and texture.
Phenolic composition, antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of Chinese sumac (Rhus chinensis Mill.) fruits extracted by different solvents and interaction between myricetin‐3‐O‐rhamnoside and quercetin‐3‐O‐rhamnoside
Authors: Zhang Chengting , Ma Yanli , Zhao Yingxin , Hong Yaoqin , Cai Shengbao , Pang Mingjie 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThis work was designed to investigate the phenolic composition, antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of Rhus chinensis Mill. fruits extracted by different solvents, and to illustrate which major phenolic compounds were responsible for lipase inhibition and to evaluate their interactions. Results showed that R. chinensis Mill. fruits were rich in phenolics, which included 13 types identified and quantified by UHPLC‐ESI‐HRMS/MS. Among the identified phenolics, myricetin‐3‐O‐rhamnoside and quercetin‐3‐O‐rhamnoside were the most dominant detected in all extracts. Extracts with 80% methanol, 80% ethanol and 80% acetone exhibited strong antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities in vitro, and these activities were positively correlated with phenolic contents. Myricetin‐3‐O‐rhamnoside and quercetin‐3‐O‐ rhamnoside demonstrated good lipase inhibitory activities in a dose‐dependent manner and synergistically inhibited lipase. This work may provide insights into the potential uses of R. chinensis Mill. fruits in food and nutraceutical industries.
Accelerometer‐Measured Physical Activity and Mortality in Women Aged 63 to 99
Authors: LaMonte Michael J. , Buchner David M. , Rillamas‐Sun Eileen , Di Chongzhi , Evenson Kelley R. , Bellettiere John , Lewis Cora E. , Lee I‐Min , Tinker Lesly F. , Seguin Rebecca , Zaslovsky Oleg , Eaton Charles B. , Stefanick Marcia L. , LaCroix Andrea Z. 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesTo prospectively examine associations between accelerometer‐measured physical activity (PA) and mortality in older women, with an emphasis on light‐intensity PA.DesignProspective cohort study with baseline data collection between March 2012 and April 2014.SettingWomen's Health Initiative cohort in the United States.ParticipantsCommunity‐dwelling women aged 63 to 99 (N = 6,382).MeasurementsMinutes per day of usual PA measured using hip‐worn triaxial accelerometers, physical functioning measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery, mortality follow‐up for a mean 3.1 years through September 2016 (450 deaths).ResultsWhen adjusted for accelerometer wear time, age, race‐ethnicity, education, smoking, alcohol, self‐rated health, and comorbidities, relative risks (95% confidence intervals) for all‐cause mortality across PA tertiles were 1.00 (referent), 0.86 (0.69, 1.08), 0.80 (0.62, 1.03) trend P = .07, for low light; 1.00, 0.57 (0.45, 0.71), 0.47 (0.35, 0.61) trend P < .001, for high light; and, 1.00, 0.63 (0.50, 0.79), 0.42 (0.30, 0.57) trend P < .001, for moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA). Associations remained significant for high light‐intensity PA and MVPA (P < .001) after further adjustment for physical function. Each 30‐min/d increment in light‐intensity (low and high combined) PA and MVPA was associated, on average, with multivariable relative risk reductions of 12% and 39%, respectively (P < .01). After further simultaneous adjusting for light intensity and MVPA, the inverse associations remained significant (light‐intensity PA: RR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.89–0.97; MVPA: RR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.58–0.78). These relative risks did not differ between subgroups for age or race and ethnicity (interaction, P ≥ .14, all).ConclusionWhen measured using accelerometers, light‐intensity and MVPA are associated with lower mortality in older women. These findings suggest that replacing sedentary time with light‐intensity PA is a public health strategy that could benefit an aging society and warrants further investigation.
The Role of Oil Price Shocks in Causing U.S. Recessions
Authors: KILIAN LUTZ , VIGFUSSON ROBERT J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAlthough oil price shocks have long been viewed as one of the leading candidates for explaining U.S. recessions, surprisingly little is known about the extent to which oil price shocks explain recessions. We provide a formal analysis of this question with special attention to the possible role of net oil price increases in amplifying the transmission of oil price shocks. We quantify the conditional effect of oil price shocks in the net oil price increase model for all episodes of net oil price increases since the mid‐1970s, analyze its determinants, and show that the linear model fits the data better.
The Passthrough of Labor Costs to Price Inflation
Authors: PENEVA EKATERINA V. , RUDD JEREMY B. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe use a time‐varying parameter/stochastic volatility VAR framework to assess how the passthrough of labor costs to price inflation has evolved over time in U.S. data. We find little evidence that independent movements in labor costs have had a material effect on price inflation in recent years, even for compensation measures where some degree of passthrough to prices still appears to be present. Our results cast doubt on explanations of recent inflation behavior that appeal to such mechanisms as downward nominal wage rigidity or a differential contribution of long‐term and short‐term unemployed workers to wage and price pressures.
Uterine cervical adenocarcinoma associated with lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia: Radiologic–pathologic correlation
Authors: Ohya Ayumi , Asaka Shiho , Fujinaga Yasunari , Kadoya Masumi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimWe aimed to identify the radiologic features of uterine cervical adenocarcinoma associated with lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (LEGH).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed magnetic resonance (MR) images and pathologic findings of eight patients who underwent preoperative MR imaging followed by surgical resection and who were pathologically diagnosed with adenocarcinoma (except for adenocarcinoma in situ) associated with LEGH. We assessed the following MR findings: multicystic component (MC), solid component (SC), signal intensity of SC on diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map, and radiological stage (r‐stage) based on the FIGO classification. A pathologist reevaluated the pathological stage (p‐stage) according to the FIGO classification. We correlated the MR findings with the pathologic features.ResultsEight patients were classified into the following three types based on the MR findings: type A, MC and SC; type B, only SC; and type C, only MC. In the five patients with type A, diffusion restriction (DR) was seen on DWI and the ADC map. In 80% of type A cases, the r‐stage matched the p‐stage. In the one patient with type B, DR was not seen on DWI or the ADC map, and the r‐stage matched the p‐stage. In the remaining type C cases, DR was not seen on DWI or the ADC map, and the r‐stage was underestimated compared with the p‐stage.ConclusionOn MR imaging, the most common type of adenocarcinoma with LEGH is type A; type C is difficult to diagnose as carcinoma.
Behavioral outcomes of a novel, pelvic nerve damage rat model of fecal incontinence
Authors: Janssen P. T. J. , Breukink S. O. , Melenhorst J. , Stassen L. P. S. , Bouvy N. D. , Temel Y. , Jahanshahi A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundFecal incontinence (FI) has a multifactorial pathophysiology with a severe social impact. The most common cause for FI is pudendal nerve damage, which mostly occurs in women during or after labor. A better understanding of the pathophysiology is required to optimize treatment of FI. In this study, we evaluate the use of a novel pelvic nerve damage rat model of FI.MethodsThis new model simulates the forces on the pelvic floor during labor by prolonged transvaginal, retro‐uterine intrapelvic balloon distention in female rats. Number of fecal pellets produced per day and defecation pattern was compared between the experimental and control group for 2 weeks. The cages of the rats were divided in food, nesting and latrine areas to evaluate changes in defecation pattern. The FI Index (FII) was calculated to assess the ratio of fecal pellets between the non‐latrine areas and the total number of pellets. A higher score represents more random distribution of feces outside the latrine area.ResultsTotal number of fecal pellets was higher in the experimental group as compared with the controls. In both groups most fecal pellets were deposited in the nesting area, which is closest to the food area. The experimental group deposited more fecal pellets in the latrine area and had a lower FII indicating less random distribution of feces outside the latrine area.ConclusionTransvaginal, retro‐uterine intrapelvic balloon distention is a safe and feasible animal model simulating the human physiologic impact of labor by downwards pressure on the pelvic floor.
Fibroadipose vascular anomaly treated with sirolimus: Successful outcome in two patients
Authors: Erickson Jonathan , McAuliffe William , Blennerhassett Lewis , Halbert Anne 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFibroadipose vascular anomaly (FAVA) is a rare, complex mesenchymal malformation combining fibrofatty replacement of the affected muscles and slow‐flow vascular malformation. The condition is characterized by localized swelling, severe pain, phlebectasia, and contracture of the affected limb. Treatment paradigms are not well established for this rare, recently recognized condition. We report two cases of FAVA in which treatment with sirolimus produced rapid, dramatic improvement in pain and quality of life.
LncRNA RP11‐670E13.6 Regulates Cell Cycle Progression in UVB Damaged Human Dermal Fibroblasts
Authors: Li Mengna , Li Li , Zhang Xiaofeng , Yan Yan , Wang Baoxi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have gained extensive attention in recent years, however, their effects on ultraviolet (UV) radiation‐induced skin photodamage remain to be elucidated. In this study, we performed high‐throughput RNA sequencing and comprehensive bioinformatics analyses to characterize the transcriptome profiles including lncRNAs and mRNAs in UVB‐irradiated primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and to explore the roles of lncRNAs in photoaging. Quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction amplification was performed to verify the differentially expressed genes. We subsequently found that knocking down of RP11‐670E13.6, an up‐regulated lncRNA in UVB‐irradiated HDFs, promoted a robust senescence phenotype, including increased numbers of the senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase‐positive cells, decreased cell proliferation, accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase and a characteristic gene expression signature of senescent cells. In addition, Western blot analysis showed that knocking down of RP11‐670E13.6 activated the p16‐pRB senescence pathway independent of the p53‐p21 pathway. Therefore, we propose that RP11‐670E13.6 may delay cellular senescence in UVB damaged HDFs through the p16‐pRB pathway.
Governing with God: Religion, Resistance, and the State in Nigeria's Counter‐Trafficking Programs
Authors: Vanderhurst Stacey 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOver the past fifteen years, the Nigerian government has stopped many young migrant women from trying to leave the country, identifying them as victims of human trafficking and referring them to a federal antitrafficking agency for protection and rehabilitation. Relatively few women accept these interventions outright, due in part to ingrained suspicion of state officials and institutions. This article uses ethnographic research from one state‐run shelter where these would‐be migrant women were detained to examine how state counselors there justified their actions and how migrant women interpreted them. Where the moral authority of the state has been depleted, it shows how shelter staff urged residents to find trust in government through trust in God, and how women in turn made claims on the state through religious idioms of conversion and salvation. Ultimately, it demonstrates how ad hoc relationships of governance are forged in one fervently contested encounter between citizens and the state in Nigeria.
“Bushmen” in the Law: Evidence and Identity in Botswana's High Court
Authors: Sapignoli Maria 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article, based on ethnography and analysis of court transcripts, considers the case that a group of San and Bakgalagadi brought against the government of Botswana to the country's High Court. The proceedings and judgment in the case illustrate the ways that court process gives life to legal categories. This is particularly clear in the evidence filed in defense of indigenous rights because the knowledge and experience of collective claimants is often at odds with the premises and power structures of state courts. Evidence and expertise are brought to bear as ways to lend authority to the facts that make up an argument. Several key concepts were discussed in court, notably those of “applicants,” “Bushmen,” and “native title,” each of which had important consequences for the claimants. Following the lives of the legal categories from observations within the courtroom itself, to their lasting influence on the applicants to this day, this article illustrates the durability and political significance of the concepts and categories elaborated in the verdict.
Rethinking American Indian and Non‐Indian Relations in the United States and Exploring Tribal Sovereignty: Perspectives from Indian Country and from Inside the Bureau of Indian Affairs
Authors: Lambert Valerie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article uses materials from field research conducted at the level of tribal homelands and at the federal level of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to rethink and reconceptualize Indian–non‐Indian relations and federal–Indian relations in the United States. I document the ways Chickasaw and Choctaw tribal officials are moving beyond the “deadliest enemies” model of Indian–non‐Indian relations in tribal homelands in their pursuit of strategies that expand the role of tribal governments, mobilize support from local non‐Indians for American Indian tribal empowerment and resurgence, and institutionalize a reordered regional political hierarchy. Cultural constructions of tribal sovereignty undergird these strategies and the transformations that are unfolding in the territories of the American Indian tribe in which I am enrolled and its neighbor tribe. Turning to a second site of participant‐observation field research, I document the ways a different but related construction of tribal sovereignty drives the work of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, an agency whose workforce is more than 95 percent American Indian. Federal–Indian relations are shown to take shape through systematic responses to bureaucratic imperatives, the circulation of legal and popular constructions of Indian identity, and the resistance to segregation of the categories of “federal” and “Indian” in federal–Indian affairs.
The Impact of Demographic Representation on Absences and Suspensions
Authors: Holt Stephen B. , Gershenson Seth 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRepresentative bureaucracy theory is central to public administration scholarship due to the likely relationship between the demographic composition of the public workforce and both the actual and perceived performance of public organizations. Primary school classrooms provide an ideal context in which to test the predictions of representative bureaucracy theory at the micro (student) level. Specifically, as parents have at least some agency over primary school students’ daily attendance, absences partially reflect parental assessments of their child's school, classroom, and teacher. Ensuring students attend school each day represents an effort at coproduction on the part of parents. The representativeness of the teacher workforce, and specifically that of the student's classroom teacher, is therefore likely to influence student absenteeism. Similarly, student suspensions reflect students’ relationships with their teacher, students’ comfort level in the classroom, and teachers’ discretion in the referral of misbehavior. These academically and socially important outcomes provide convenient, objective measures of behaviors that are likely influenced by street‐level representation. Using longitudinal student‐level administrative data from North Carolina, we use a two‐way (student and classroom) fixed effects strategy to identify the impact of student–teacher demographic mismatch on primary school students’ absences and suspensions. We find that representation among street‐level bureaucrats significantly decreases both absenteeism and suspensions and that these effects can be given a causal interpretation. This pushes literature forward by establishing the importance of demographic representation in shaping productive relationships between individual bureaucrats and clients.
Network Structure and Governance Performance: What Makes a Difference?
Authors: Yi Hongtao 
Published: November 2017

AbstractComparing and evaluating the performance of governance networks are important tasks for researchers and practitioners of network governance and public administration. Limited by the lack of network data across space and time, the study of network performance and effectiveness at the network level is not on pace with advances in theories and methodologies in network analysis. With a novel methodology to measure clean energy governance networks using hyperlink network analysis across the contiguous United States, this article collects a large sample of self‐organizing policy networks in the same policy domain across geographic locations. This article proposes that governance networks with high overall bridging and bonding social capital perform better. Regression analyses show that network structures have statistically significant effects on governance outcomes. States with high average closeness and average clustering in their governance networks are more likely to have faster clean energy development.
Peripheral airway dysfunction and relationship with symptoms in smokers with preserved spirometry
Authors: Jetmalani Kanika , Thamrin Cindy , Farah Claude S. , Bertolin Amy , Chapman David G. , Berend Norbert , Salome Cheryl M. , King Gregory G. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveSmokers develop respiratory symptoms and peripheral airway dysfunction even when spirometry is preserved. Multiple breath nitrogen washout (MBNW) and impulse oscillometry system (IOS) are potentially useful measures of peripheral airway function but they have not been compared in such subjects. We hypothesized that MBNW and IOS are jointly abnormal in smokers with normal spirometry and that these abnormalities relate to respiratory symptoms.MethodsEighty smokers with normal spirometry completed a symptom questionnaire, had ventilation heterogeneity in diffusion (Sacin) and convection‐dependent (Scond) airways and trapped gas volume at functional residual capacity as a percentage of vital capacity (%VtrFRC/VC) measured by MBNW. Respiratory resistance and reactance at 5 and 20 Hz were measured using IOS.ResultsRespiratory symptoms were reported in 55 (68%) subjects. Forty (50%) subjects had at least one abnormal MBNW parameter, predominantly in Sacin. Forty‐one (51%) subjects had at least one abnormal IOS parameter, predominantly in resistance. Sixty‐one (76%) subjects had an abnormality in either MBNW or IOS. Chronic bronchitis symptoms were associated with an increased Scond, while wheeze was associated with lower spirometry and an increased resistance. Abnormalities in MBNW and IOS parameters were unrelated to each other.ConclusionsRespiratory symptoms and peripheral airway dysfunction are common in smokers with normal spirometry. Symptoms of chronic bronchitis related to conductive airway abnormalities, while wheeze was related to spirometry and IOS. The clinical significance of abnormalities in peripheral airway function in smokers remains undetermined.
The vicious layering of multilevel governance in Southern Europe: The case of elderly care in Italy and Spain
Authors: Arlotti Marco , Aguilar‐Hendrickson Manuel 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAging and changes in family arrangements and female employment have brought about important policy developments in long‐term care (LTC). Southern European countries have relied for a long time on family care and residual social care for the dependent elderly. Two paradigmatic cases, Italy and Spain, have shown two apparently different trends during the last 15 years: while in Italy, reforms seem to have been persistently blocked, in Spain, an ambitious reform has fallen short of expectations.Based on data on services and institutional arrangements, the article shows that a complex and inconsistent allocation of responsibilities across government levels, a sort of “vicious layering” of multilevel governance, may be playing a key role in this situation. The article discusses the dysfunctional effects of such arrangements, namely territorial inequalities, cost‐shifting between government levels and towards users, and misallocation of resources.We suggest that the development and reform of LTC in Southern European countries must address these problems if they want to avoid getting marooned by a complex network of vetoes and resource allocation problems.