bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from lemon balm and peppermint leaves
Authors: Šic Žlabur Jana , Voća Sandra , Dobričević Nadica , Pliestić Stjepan , Galić Ante , Boričević Ana , Borić Nataša 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction (frequency, time, temperature) on the content of bioactive compounds as well as on the antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts from fresh lemon balm and peppermint leaves. Total phenols, flavonoids, non-flavonoids, total chlorophylls, total carotenoids, and radical scavenging capacity were determined. Moreover, the relationship between bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity was studied by linear regression. A significant increase in all studied bioactive compounds during ultrasonic extraction for 5 to 20 min was found. With the classical extraction method, the highest amounts of total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were determined, and the maximum amounts of total chlorophylls and carotenoids were determined during 20 min ultrasonic extraction. The correlation analysis revealed a strong, positive relationship between antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds.
Characterising root density of peach trees in a semi-arid Chernozem to increase plant density
Authors: Paltineanu Cristian , Septar Leinar , Gavat Corina , Chitu Emil , Oprita Alexandru , Moale Cristina , Calciu Irina , Vizitiu Olga , Lamureanu Gheorghe 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe available information on root system in fully mature peach orchards in semi-arid regions is insufficient. This paper presents a study on the root system density in an irrigated peach orchard from Dobrogea, Romania, using the trench technique. The old orchard has clean cultivation in inter-row and in-row. The objectives of the study were to: test the hypothesis that the roots of fully mature peach trees occupy the whole soil volume; find out if root repulsive effect of adjacent plants occurred for the rootstocks and soil conditions; find relationships between root system and soil properties and analyse soil state trend. Some soil physical properties were significantly deteriorated in inter-row versus in-row, mainly due to soil compaction induced by technological traffic. Density of total roots was higher in-row than inter-row, but the differences were not significant. Root density decreased more intensely with soil depth than with distance from tree trunks. Root density correlated with some soil properties. No repulsive effect of the roots of adjacent peach trees was noted. The decrease of root density with distance from trunk can be used in optimising tree arrangement. The conclusions could also be used in countries with similar growth conditions.
The R
∞ and S
∞ properties for linear algebraic groups
Authors: Fel’shtyn Alexander , Nasybullov Timur 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this paper we study twisted conjugacy classes and isogredience classes for automorphisms of reductive linear algebraic groups. We show that reductive linear algebraic groups over some fields of zero characteristic possess the

R
∞

${R_{\infty}}$

and

S
∞

${S_{\infty}}$

properties.
The Relationship of Myocardial Collagen Metabolism and Reverse Remodeling after Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Petrovic Ivana , Stankovic Ivan , Milasinovic Goran , Nikcevic Gabrijela , Kircanski Bratislav , Jovanovic Velibor , Raspopovic Srdjan , Radovanovic Nikola , Pavlovic Sinisa U. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryBackground:In the majority of patients with a wide QRS complex and heart failure resistant to optimal medical therapy, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) leads to rever se ventricular remodeling and possibly to changes in cardiac collagen synthesis and degradation. We investigated the relationship of biomarkers of myocardial collagen meta bolism and volumetric response to CRT.Methods:We prospectively studied 46 heart failure patients (mean age 61±9 years, 87% male) who underwent CRT im plantation. Plasma concentrations of amino-terminal pro peptide type I (PINP), a marker of collagen synthesis, and carboxy-terminal collagen telopeptide (CITP), a marker of collagen degradation, were measured before and 6 months after CRT. Response to CRT was defined as 15% or greater reduction in left ventricular end-systolic volume at 6-month follow-up.Results:Baseline PINP levels showed a negative correlation with both left ventricular end-diastolic volume (r=−0.51; p=0.032), and end-systolic diameter (r=−0.47; p=0.049). After 6 months of device implantation, 28 patients (61%) responded to CRT. No significant differences in the base-line levels of PINP and CITP between responders and nonresponders were observed (p>0.05 for both). During follow-up, responders demonstrated a significant increase in serum PINP level from 31.37±18.40 to 39.2±19.19 μg/L (p=0.049), whereas in non-responders serum PINP levels did not significantly change (from 28.12±21.55 to 34.47±18.64 μg/L; p=0.125). There were no significant changes in CITP levels in both responders and non-responders (p>0.05).Conclusions:Left ventricular reverse remodeling induced by CRT is associated with an increased collagen synthesis in the first 6 months of CRT implantation.
Decrease of small dense LDL and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 due to human growth hormone treatment in short children with growth hormone deficiency and small for gestational age status
Authors: Krebs Andreas , Kratzin Thomas , Doerfer Jürgen , Winkler Karl , Wurm Michael , von der Werf-Grohmann Natascha , Krause Alexandra , Schwab Karl Otfried 
Published: February 2016

AbstractGrowth hormone deficiency (GHD) and small for gestational age (SGA) status are associated with cardiovascular risks. We therefore, investigated antiatherogenic effects of growth hormone (GH).Subfractions of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase AThe overall group showed post-treatment reductions of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) (p=0.016), small-dense LDL cholesterol (sdLDL-C, p<0.001), Lp-PLA2 (p<0.001), and hsCRP (p=0.005), but increase of HDL2a cholesterol (HDL2a-C, p=0.025). SGA children revealed significant correlations between Lp-PLA2 and LDL-C and sdLDL-C both before and after GH, significant reductions of sdLDL-C, Lp-PLA2, hsCRP, and an increase of HDL2a-C. GHD children showed the same lipid responses, though not significantly.Children with GHD or born SGA may benefit from GH by growth acceleration and reduction of cardiovascular long-term risks.
Analysis of the PAX8 gene in 32 children with thyroid dysgenesis and functional characterization of a promoter variant
Authors: Perone Denise , Medeiros-Neto Geraldo , Nogueira Célia Regina , Chagas Antonio José , Alves Dias Vera Maria , Viana Maria Fátima , Kopp Peter 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe molecular basis underlying the development of thyroid dysgenesis remains largely unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze theThe 5′-untranslated region and the entire coding region of theThirty children did not have any sequence alterations. Two individuals had a previously identified monoallelic cytosine to thymine transition at position -983 in the promoter (-983C>T; mutant P. A of the ATG of the initiator codon is designated as +1), and a novel guanine to cytosine transversion in the non-coding exon 1 (-465G>C; mutant E). Functional analysis revealed that the basal transcriptional activity of the mutants is decreased compared to the wild type. Gel mobility shift assays indicated that mutant P does not interact with a transacting factor whose nature remains to be elucidated. The DNA binding property of mutant E were similar compared to the wild type.These results suggest that mutations in
Kultürlichkeit statt Natürlichkeit: Ein vernachlässigtes Argument in der bioethischen Debatte um Enhancement und Anthropotechnik
Authors: Hübner Dietmar 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Natürlichkeitsargumente haben allgemein in der Bioethik und speziell in der Debatte um Enhancement und Anthropotechnik keinen guten Ruf. Neben dem formalen Vorwurf, einen naturalistischen Fehlschluss zu begehen, werden sie mit dem inhaltlichen Einwand konfrontiert, eine falsche Auffassung von menschlicher Natur zugrunde zu legen: Recht verstanden definiere sich diese menschliche Natur nicht durch eine biologische Substanz, die durch biotechnische Eingriffe korrumpiert werden könnte, sondern durch kulturelle Vollzüge, zu denen gerade auch der Einsatz biotechnischer Verfahren zähle und die daher durch biotechnische Manipulationen am Menschen keineswegs beeinträchtigt, sondern eher noch bestätigt würden. Der vorliegende Beitrag unterzieht diese Argumentation einer kritischen Prüfung. Dabei zeigt sich, dass der Ansatz, den Menschen von seiner ‚Kultürlichkeit‘ statt von seiner ‚Natürlichkeit‘ her zu begreifen, tatsächlich keine glaubhafte Rechtfertigung von Anthropotechniken liefert, sondern im Gegenteil ein neues Argument gegen sie begründet: Anthropotechniken untergraben bei genauerem Hinsehen auch und gerade den Status des Menschen als Kulturwesen
Leisure-time Physical Activity Among Different Social Groups of Estonia: Results of the National Physical Activity Survey
Authors: Lusmägi Peeter , Einasto Mart , Roosmaa Eve-Liis 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
According to the Eurobarometer (European Commission, 2010), 39% of the Estonian adult population is not physically active at all. This percentage is relatively high compared to other countries that are culturally close to Estonia; the corresponding figure of close neighbors Finland and Sweden is below 10%. The article aims to present the results of a survey of physical activity (n=1,009) conducted in Estonia in 2013 and analyzes physical activity levels across various social groups. The results of the article show that employment, age, education, and ethnicity are important factors for engaging in leisure-time physical activity in Estonia. Non-ethnic Estonians, the less educated, the elderly, the unemployed, and those on maternity leave are less engaged in regular leisure exercise than people in other social groups. The results of the article were used to develop Estonia’s Sports 2030 strategy.
The Physical Development, Eating Habits, and Physical Activity of Children Attending Music School
Authors: Forjasz Justyna , Nowak Maria 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Introduction.
Obesity is a multifactorial disorder affecting the energy balance in the body, in which the energy ingested exceeds the energy used by the body over a certain period of time. Some of the key causes of obesity in children include inappropriate eating habits and an insufficient amount of physical activity. The aim of the study presented in this article was to describe the level of physical development, nutritional status, and physical activity of children attending music school, whose free time is more limited than that of their peers.

Material and methods.
The materials used in the study were anthropometric data and data concerning the body composition of children aged 11-13 years who attended music school and those of their peers who attended regular state school. For the purposes of the study, several nutritional status indicators were established and a questionnaire concerning the eating habits and physical activity of the children was designed. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The statistical significance of the differences between the values obtained for the two groups was then measured using a t-test.

Results.
The children who attended music school were found to be more corpulent and to have more body fat than their peers. It was also determined that the former had irregular meals and an unbalanced diet, and they did not participate in organised out-of-school sports activities.

Conclusion.
The high amount of body fat found in students of music school was most likely due to their unhealthy eating habits and limited physical activity.
Determinants of Club Head Speed in PGA Professional Golfers
Authors: Lewis Adam L. , Ward Nick , Bishop Chris , Maloney Sean , Turner Anthony N. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Turner, AN. Determinants of club head speed in PGA professional golfers. J Strength Cond Res 30(8): 2266–2270, 2016—Club head speed (CHS) has been significantly correlated with golf performance, but only in amateurs. The purpose of this study therefore, was to investigate the relationship between field-based measures of strength and power with CHS in Professional Golfers Association (PGA) professional golfers, and further determine differences between age groups. A correlation design was used to test relationships between squat jump (SJ), seated medicine ball throw (SMBT), rotational medicine ball throw (RMBT), and CHS. Twenty participants volunteered to take part in the study (age, 31.95 ± 8.7 years; height, 182.75 ± 6.88 cm; mass, 90.47 ± 15.6 kg). Intraclass correlation coefficients reported high reliability for performance variables (r = 0.85–0.95). Significant correlations (p < 0.01) were found between CHS and SJ (r = 0.817) and SMBT (r = 0.706), but not RMBT (r = 0.572). A stepwise linear regression analysis identified that SJ and SMBT explained 74% of the variance in CHS. When dividing the sample based on age, professionals <30 years (n = 10; 25.6 ± 2.9 years) displayed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher CHS and SJ height compared with professionals >30 (n = 10; 39.7 ± 5.5 years). Correlations to CHS for <30 were significant for SJ (r = 0.801) and SMBT (r = 0.643), but nonsignificant for RMBT. Those >30 had significant correlations to CHS not only in SMBT (r = 0.881) and SJ (r = 0.729), but also in RMBT (r = 0.642). The results of this study suggest that SJ and SMBT have the largest contribution to CHS in PGA professional golfers. When comparing age groups, it appears that younger golfers (<30 years) utilize more leg strength whereas older golfers (>30 years) utilize more upper body strength. Results suggest that strength-based leg exercises and power-based chest exercises may improve CHS in professional golfers.
Five Weeks of Sprint and High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Paddling Performance in Adolescent Surfers
Authors: Farley Oliver R. L. , Secomb Josh L. , Parsonage Joanna R. , Lundgren Lina E. , Abbiss Chris R. , Sheppard Jeremy M. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Farley, ORL, Secomb, JL, Parsonage, JR, Lundgren, LE, Abbiss, CR, and Sheppard, JM. Five weeks of sprint and high-intensity interval training improves paddling performance in adolescent surfers. J Strength Cond Res 30(9): 2446–2452, 2016—The purpose of our study was to examine the effects of sprint interval training (SIT; 10 seconds) and high-intensity interval training (HIT; 30 seconds) on surfing athletes paddling performance (400-m time trial and repeat-sprint paddle performance). Twenty-four competitive adolescent surfers (19 male, 5 female; age = 14.4 ± 1.3 years, mass: 50.1 ± 10.7 kg, and stature: 159.9 ± 10.3 cm) were assigned to perform either 5 weeks of SIT and HIT. Participants completed a repeated-sprint paddle ability test (RSPT, 15-m surfboard sprint paddle initiated every 40 seconds × 10 bouts) and 400-m endurance surfboard paddle time trial before and after training. High-intensity interval training decreased the total time to complete the 400 m by 15.8 ± 16.1 seconds (p = 0.03), and SIT decreased the total time to complete the RSPT by 6.5 ± 4.3 seconds (p = 0.02). Fatigue index during the RSPT (first—slowest effort) was lower after HIT and SIT (p ≤ 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). There were no significant differences in performance changes in the 400 m (total time) and RSPT (total time, fastest 15 m time, and peak velocity) between HIT and SIT. Our study indicates that HIT and SIT may be implemented to the training program of surfers to improve aerobic and repeat-sprint paddle ability, both of which are identified as key aspects of the sport. In addition, these findings indicate that 400-m paddle and RSPT can discriminate between aerobic and anaerobic training adaptations, with aerobic gains likely from HIT and anaerobic gains from SIT.
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Early Intervention Program Enrollment
Authors: Diop Hafsatou , Gopal Daksha , Cabral Howard , Belanoff Candice , Declercq Eugene R. , Kotelchuck Milton , Luke Barbara , Stern Judy E. 
Published: February 2016

OBJECTIVES:
We examined the prevalence of Early Intervention (EI) enrollment in Massachusetts comparing singleton children conceived via assisted reproductive technology (ART), children born to mothers with indicators of subfertility but no ART (Subfertile), and children born to mothers who had no indicators of subfertility and conceived naturally (Fertile). We assessed the natural direct effect (NDE), the natural indirect effect (NIE) through preterm birth, and the total effect of ART and subfertility on EI enrollment.

METHODS:
We examined maternal and infant characteristics among singleton ART (n = 6447), Subfertile (n = 5515), and Fertile (n = 306 343) groups and characteristics associated with EI enrollment includingpreterm birth using χ2 statistics (α = 0.05). We estimated the NDE and NIE of the ART–EI enrollment relationship by fitting a model for enrollment, conditional on ART, preterm and the ART-preterm delivery interaction, and covariates. Similar analyses were conducted by using Subfertile as the exposure.

RESULTS:
The NDE indicated that the odds of EI enrollment were 27% higher among the ART group (odds ratioNDE = 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19 ̶ 1.36) and 20% higher among the Subfertilegroup (odds ratioNDE = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.12 ̶ 1.29) compared with the Fertile group, even if the rate of preterm birth is held constant.

CONCLUSIONS:
Singleton children conceived through ART and children of subfertile mothers both have elevated risks of EI enrollment. These findings have implications for clinical providers as they counsel women about child health outcomes associated with ART or subfertility.
To achieve target international normalized ratio with concurrent warfarin and rifampicin therapy is a challenge: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Jha Subhash Chandra 
Published: February 2016

<p>A 60-year-old man with a history of deep vein thrombosis put on anticoagulation therapy with warfarin 2 mg daily. Achieving a therapeutic level of anticoagulation was difficult despite escalating doses of warfarin, because of the interaction with rifampicin. A 5 to 6 fold increase in warfarin dose was prescribed to reach therapeutic international normalized ratios (INRs), but even these increases were insufficient to maintain his INR in the therapeutic range. After rifampicin was discontinued, warfarin doses were gradually reduced over the next 2 months. When concurrent warfarin-rifampicin therapy is necessary, vigilant monitoring of INR is imperative and rifampicin should be stopped. Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant used to get target INR to prevent thrombosis in various cardiovascular diseases. Its metabolism is affected by dugs, diet and individual characteristics. It is metabolized in liver by microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme. Rifampicin is an essential component of first line antitubercular regimen. It induces enzyme P450, responsible for metabolism of warfarin. So to get target INR 2.5 to 3.5 is very difficult even with maximum possible dose of warfarin when patient taking simultaneously both drugs. In this case, rifampicin was stopped to achieve target INR. Tuberculosis patient on warfarin should not take rifampicin as component of first line antitubercular regimen.</p>
Vascular Fragility and the Endothelial Glycocalyx in the Tissues Lining the Healthy Gingival Crevice
Authors: Townsend David , D’Aiuto Francesco , Deanfield John 
Published: February 2016

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate vascular fragility and endothelial glycocalyx (ECG) in images of the healthy gingival crevice (GC). The ECG is a surface layer lining the luminal walls of blood vessels composed of proteoglycans and glycoproteins with other components. Degradation of the layer has been shown to drastically affect microvascular flow, permeability, and immune function.Methods: Videomicroscopic images from tissues lining the healthy GC in 20 healthy volunteers were analyzed to determine the presence of microhemorrhage related to branched dilated microvessels. Imaging of capillary ECG in human labial mucosa was achieved by the use of a 1‐mm‐diameter 0.5 numerical aperture gradient index objective lens and one‐sided oblique illumination using light at 450 nm. This allows resolution of red blood cells within the capillary and the endothelial cell wall of the lumen. The cell‐free plasma gap between the red cell and endothelial wall represents the ECG.Results: In the healthy GC there was no evidence of microhemorrhage in participants that had only simple capillary loops (seven of 20). Microhemorrhage was present in the majority of participants with branched dilated microvessels (11 of 13) (McNemar Test for equal distribution, P = 0.05). A cell‐free plasma gap representing the ECG could be imaged in the superficial tissues lining the labial sulcus. No such cell‐free plasma gap could be detected in the branched dilated microvessels in tissues lining the GC.Conclusions: There is an association between the presence of vascular microhemorrhage and branched dilated microvessels in the tissues lining the clinically healthy GC. Loss of ECG might be part of the inflammatory process in these tissues.
Analysis Of Faculty Retirement Intention: Using A Proportional Odds Model
Authors: Bahrami Bahman , Stockrahm Jerome W. 
Published: February 2016

This paper uses data from a random national sample of faculty, age 50 and older, and explores factors affecting faculty member's retirement decisions for three expected retirement age categories. The variables such as end of mandatory retirement, age, current salary, expected others sources of income, early retirement incentives, and years of education have a significant effect on faculty retirement decisions. An understanding of these factors can help decision making for staffing purposes.
The Relationship Between Attitudes Toward Technology, Adaptability, And Customer Orientation Among Professional Salespeople
Authors: Keillor Bruce D. , Pettijohn Charles E. , D'Amico Michael 
Published: February 2016

The use of computer technology is increasingly becoming a way of life for professional salespeople. Given the increased use of technology in virtually aspects of sales, it would seem natural to reconcile both the uses of, and attitudes toward, computers among professional salespeople with traditionally emphasized sales constructs such as adaptability and customer orientation. The results of such an analysis would have implications for both academic sales research as well as sales managers and trainers who would benefit from an investigation into a propensity to accept computer technology and the ability to engage in significant sales activities that represent the human dimension. The current study addresses this issue by assessing the relationships between salespersons’ attitudes toward computer technology, adaptability, and customer orientation. The findings generally indicate a positive predisposition toward computer usage and a significant positive relationship between those attitudes and both adaptability and customer orientation among a sample of professional salespeople.