bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene–PdII–2‐Methyl‐4,5‐dihydrooxazole Complexes and Their Application Toward Highly Chemoselective Mono‐Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling of Dichlorobenzenes
Authors: Sun Kai‐Xin , He Qian‐Wei , Xu Bin‐Bin , Wu Xiang‐Ting , Lu Jian‐Mei 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA series of N‐heterocyclic carbene–palladium(II)–2‐methyl‐4,5‐dihydrooxazole complexes was synthesized in a one‐step process, one of which facilitated high chemoselectivity in the mono‐Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of dichlorobenzenes. Further transformations of the mono‐coupling products catalyzed by this complex were also investigated, which gave the desired C−C and C−N coupling products in excellent yields. The reported methodology allows the conversion of readily available dichlorobenzenes into synthetically useful chlorobiphenyls.
Evaluation of thermomechanical properties of polyvinyl butyral nanocomposites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets synthesized by in situ polymerization
Authors: Hoepfner Jean Carlos , Loos Marcio Rodrigo , Pezzin Sérgio Henrique 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTIn this work, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) nanocomposites reinforced with 0.5 to 2.5 wt % of graphene oxide (GO) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were synthesized via in situ polymerization. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that PVB/GO 2.5 wt % nanocomposites present the largest storage modulus, with increases of 10 °C in the PVB glass transition temperature. The degree of entanglement and the reinforcement efficiency factor (C coefficient) were evaluated using the dynamic mechanical analysis results and correlated with scanning electron microscopy analyses. The degree of entanglement and C coefficient values were higher for PVB/GO 2.5 wt %, enabling the enhancement of PVB mechanical properties. The adhesion factor A was used to evaluate the interfacial interaction, evidencing an improvement in the nanoparticle/matrix adhesion for PVB/GO 2.5 wt % caused by interactions between GO oxygenated groups. For the samples reinforced with GNP, the results of storage modulus, degree of entanglement, coefficient C, and adhesion factor A were not significantly modified, due to weak interfacial interactions with PVB, preventing the exfoliation of GNP in PVB during the in situ polymerization process. Therefore, in situ polymerization will improve the dispersion and final properties of the nanocomposite with PVB only if the nanoparticle has a relevant interfacial interaction during the synthesis process. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46157.
Syntheses and Properties of meso‐Substituted Porphyrin Mesogens with Triazole Linkages and Peripheral Alkyl Chains
Authors: Zhang Ruilin , Gao Hongfei , Ren Yanming , Xiao Yulong , Hu Jinliang , Cheng Xiaohong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDiscotic mesogens P/n‐M (n=12, 16, 18, M=2 H, Zn and Cu) bearing a porphyrin core, triazole linkages and peripheral 3,4,5‐trialkoxybenzyl units have been synthesized by a click‐chemistry approach. The thermal behavior, photophysical properties and morphologies of these compounds were investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), XRD, UV and PL, SEM and TEM. These compounds can self‐assemble into hexagonal columnar phases in their pure states and form organogels in 1,4‐dioxane with unusually flower‐like sphere morphology. The supramolecular complexes of P/18‐Zn with C70 or 4,7‐di‐4‐pydriyl‐2,1,3‐benzothadiazole can display hexagonal columnar phases too. Additionally, zinc porphyrin compounds P/n‐Zn show binding selectivity to Cu2+ among a series of cations in THF/H2O.
Distributed H∞ Consensus Fault Detection for Uncertain T‐S Fuzzy Systems with Time‐Varying Delays Over Lossy Sensor Networks
Authors: Wang Shenquan , Jiang Yulian , Li Yuanchun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates the issue of distributed H∞ consensus fault detection (FD) for uncertain T‐S fuzzy systems with time‐varying delays over lossy sensor networks. One set of Bernoulli distributed white sequence is introduced to govern the multiple probabilistic packet losses over sensor network. The augment fault detection dynamics system is first transformed into the form of interconnect ion of two subsystems by applying an input‐output method. Through available output measurements from not only the individual sensor but also its neighboring sensors, a sufficient condition is established for the desired of distributed H∞ consensus fuzzy fault detection filter (FFDF) to ensure the fault detection dynamics system to be mean‐square asymptotically stable with an average performance. At the same time, the solution of the parameters for the distributed H∞ consensus FFDF is characterized in terms of the feasibility of a convex optimization problem. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches over the lossy sensor networks.
Modulation of BACE1 Activity by Chemically Modified Aptamers
Authors: Gasse Cécile , Zaarour Marwa , Noppen Sam , Abramov Mikhail , Marlière Philippe , Liekens Sandra , De Strooper Bart , Herdewijn Piet 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA modified DNA aptamer that binds BACE1, a therapeutic target involved in Alzheimer's disease has been developed. This ssXNA not only tightly binds to BACE1 but also inhibits its protease activity in vitro in the same range as a previously described unmodified aptamer. We report the in vitro selection of functional oligonucleotides incorporating two nucleobase modifications: 5‐chlorouracil and 7‐deazaadenine. The nucleoside analogue 5‐chloro‐2′‐deoxyuridine has already been explored as a replacement for thymidine in a chemically modified genome of a bacterium. Thus, 5‐chlorouracil modification is a good candidate to support genetic transfer in vivo as well as functional activity.
Ketonization of Proline Residues in the Peptide Chains of Actinomycins by a 4‐Oxoproline Synthase
Authors: Semsary Siamak , Crnovčić Ivana , Driller Ronja , Vater Joachim , Loll Bernhard , Keller Ullrich 
Published: January 2018

AbstractX‐type actinomycins (Acms) contain 4‐hydroxyproline (Acm X0) or 4‐oxoproline (Acm X2) in their β‐pentapeptide lactone rings, whereas their α ring contains proline. We demonstrate that these Acms are formed through asymmetric condensation of Acm half molecules (Acm halves) containing proline with 4‐hydroxyproline‐ or 4‐oxoproline‐containing Acm halves. In turn, we show—using an artificial Acm half analogue (PPL 1) with proline in its peptide chain—their conversion into the 4‐hydroxyproline‐ and 4‐oxoproline‐containing Acm halves, PPL 0 and PPL 2, in mycelial suspensions of Streptomyces antibioticus. Two responsible genes of the Acm X biosynthetic gene cluster of S. antibioticus, saacmM and saacmN, encoding a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (Cyp) and a ferredoxin were identified. After coexpression in Escherichia coli, their gene products converted PPL 1 into PPL 0 and PPL 2 in vivo as well as in situ in permeabilized cell of the transformed E. coli strain in conjunction with the host‐encoded ferredoxin reductase in a NADH (NADPH)‐dependent manner. saAcmM has high sequence similarity to the Cyp107Z (Ema) family of Cyps, which can convert avermectin B1 into its keto derivative, 4′′‐oxoavermectin B1. Determination of the structure of saAcmM reveals high similarity to the Ema structure but with significant differences in residues decorating their active sites, which defines saAcmM and its orthologues as a distinct new family of peptidylprolineketonizing Cyp.
A fuzzy‐based trust model for flying ad hoc networks (FANETs)
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Verma Anil Kumar 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe use of unmanned aerial vehicles has significantly increased for forming an ad hoc network owing to their ability to perform in exciting environment such as armed attacks, border surveillance, disaster management, rescue operation, and transportation. Such types of ad hoc networks are popularly known as flying ad hoc networks (FANETs). The FANET nodes have 2 prominent characteristics—collaboration and cooperation. Trust plays an important role in predicting the behavior of such nodes. Researchers have proposed various methods (direct and indirect) for calculation of the trust value of a given node in ad hoc networks, especially in mobile ad hoc networks and vehicular ad hoc networks. The major characteristic that differentiates a FANET from other ad hoc networks is the velocity of the node; as a result, there are frequent losses in connection and topology change. Therefore, the existing methods of trust calculation are not efficient and effective. In this paper, a fuzzy‐based novel trust model has been proposed to handle the behavioral uncertainty of FANET nodes. Nodes are classified using a multicriteria fuzzy classification method based on node's behavior and performance in the fuzzy and complex environment. Quality of service and social parameter (recommendation) are considered for evaluating the trust value of each node to segregate the selfish and malicious nodes. With the node classification, FANET nodes are rewarded or punished to transform node behavior into a trust value. Compared with the existing trust techniques, the simulation results show that the proposed model has better adaptability, accuracy, and performance in FANETs.
Voltammetric Detection of Thrombin by Labeling with Osmium Tetroxide Bipyridine and Binding with Aptamers on a Gold Electrode
Authors: Galagedera Sarasi K. K. , Huynh Loan , Wachholz Falko , Jacobsen Martin , Haruehanroengra Phensinee , Sheng Jia , Chen Alan A. , Flechsig Gerd‐Uwe 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis communication reports on electrochemical detection of thrombin based on labeling with osmium tetroxide bipyridine [OsO4(bipy)]. Tryptophan amino acids can be labeled at the C−C‐double bond, and at least some tryptophan moieties are accessible for labeling in thrombin. Using the catalytic hydrogen signal from adsorptive stripping voltammetry performed on hanging mercury drop electrode, we could detect as little as 1.47 nM [OsO4(bipy)]‐modified thrombin. We also tested the binding of [OsO4(bipy)]‐modified thrombin with the classic thrombin binding aptamer (TBA) on gold electrodes. This preliminary study revealed that even after modification, a major part of the affinity was conserved, and that the aptamer self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) could be regenerated several times. Molecular simulations confirm that [OsO4(bipy)]‐modified thrombin largely preserves the high binding affinity also of the alternative HD22 aptamer to thrombin, albeit at slightly reduced affinities due to steric hindrance when tryptophans 96 and 237 are labelled. Based on these simulations, compensatory modifications in the aptamer should result in significantly improved binding with labelled thrombin. This combined experimental‐computational approach lays the groundwork for the rational design of improved aptamer sensors for analytical applications.
Oak flour as a replacement of wheat and corn flour to improve biscuit antioxidant activity
Authors: Parsaei Mitra , Goli Mohammad , Abbasi Hajar 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDue to the high antioxidant activity of oak fruits, the partial substitution effects of wheat flour (WF) or corn flour (CF) with oak flour (OF) have been investigated. WF or CF was replaced by OF at levels of 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% in the biscuit formulations to prevent the spontaneous oxidation of lipids, and the characteristics, including peroxide value, antioxidant activity, and sensory properties, were evaluated during 28 days storage. According to the results obtained, biscuit samples with higher OF percentage had higher antioxidant activity and less peroxide value. In terms of sensory evaluation, no adverse effect was observed in the samples containing OF. Therefore, it could be introduced as a good natural source of antioxidant compounds for use in food formulations.
Determination of some quality properties of “hamsi kaygana” prepared with different additives
Authors: Taşkaya Latif , Yaşar Elif 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study was aimed to determine the changes of the local anchovy meal which is known as hamsi kaygana in Turkey during cold storage at +4°C ± 1°C. Physicochemical (pH, TVB‐N, TMA‐N, and TBA) shelf life analyses were carried out for hamsi kaygana samples. It was confirmed that the pH values obtained from research groups were within the limit values of the literature. No statistically significant difference was observed (p > .05) between control, stinging nettle, and rosemary groups that were within all created product groups on 12th day of storage, and the observed difference was only present in cumin group (p < .05). Upon examining TVB‐N (Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen) values on 12th day of storage, we saw the lowest TVB‐N value (17.01 ± 0.21 mg/100 g) was at stinging nettle group. However; it was found out that highest TVB‐N value belonged to cumin group with the value of 19.38 ± 0.42 mg/100 g. It was found that 12th day TBA (Thiobarbituric Acid) values of all other groups except control group did not exceed limit values. Among TMA‐N (Trimethylamine Nitrogen) values of all groups on 12th storage period, the lowest value belonged to cumin group samples. While the highest TMA‐N value was found as 14.70 ± 0.30 in control group samples. Therefore, the results showed us that using dried herb and spices in hamsi kaygana production and the storage of the products have an influence on shelf life.
Case of late‐onset, relapsing surgical site infection related to a venous coupler placed during free flap reconstruction for major head and neck cancer
Authors: Ren Yin , Deschler Daniel G. , Sajed Dipti , Durand Marlene L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundVenous coupling devices are widely used during reconstructive surgery involving microvascular anastomosis but have not served as foreign bodies in head and neck surgical site infections.MethodsWe conducted a case report.ResultsA patient underwent resection and free flap reconstruction for recurrent tongue squamous cell carcinoma. She developed a neck abscess due to Streptococcus intermedius 7 weeks postoperatively, days after starting chemoradiotherapy. The surgical site infection healed with drainage and antibiotics. Two surgical site infection relapses due to S. intermedius occurred 3 and 8 weeks after completing radiation, the second relapse after a prolonged course of i.v. antibiotics. Surgical exploration revealed a venous coupler within granulation tissue. The device was removed and no further surgical site infection relapses occurred.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a delayed‐onset head and neck surgical site infection in which a venous coupler served as a foreign body. An infected foreign body should be suspected in relapsing surgical site infections due to a single organism.
Relative short‐term efficacy and acceptability of agomelatine versus vortioxetine in adult patients suffering from major depressive disorder
Authors: Kennedy Sidney H. , Grouin Jean‐Marie , Cadour Stéphanie , Robert Véronique , Picarel‐Blanchot Françoise 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAgomelatine and vortioxetine are antidepressants with different mechanisms of action compared to other pharmaceutical treatment options. The objective of this present analysis is to determine the relative efficacy and acceptability of agomelatine (25–50 mg) compared to vortioxetine (10–15–20 mg) in adult patients with major depressive disorder. We performed an adjusted indirect comparison using placebo as a common control. The main outcomes were efficacy (response to treatment by Montgomery‐Åsberg depression rating scale/Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression) and acceptability (withdrawal rate for any reason or due to adverse events). 10 agomelatine and 11 vortioxetine studies were included in the analysis. For efficacy, no difference was shown between agomelatine and vortioxetine (E[95% CI] = −0.03 [−0.12;0.05]). For acceptability, no significant difference was found between both antidepressants.These findings substantiate current understanding that most antidepressants are of similar average efficacy and tolerability. Such equivalent therapeutic benefit of both compounds, measured by a quantitative clinical research approach, has to be discussed with the knowledge of a qualitative estimation in routine practice.
Lead‐induced DNA damage and cell apoptosis in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell: Attenuation via N‐acetyl cysteine and tannic acid
Authors: Siddarth Manushi , Chawla Diwesh , Raizada Alpana , Wadhwa Neelam , Banerjee Basu D , Sikka Meera 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the exposure of lead‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA damage, and apoptosis and also evaluates the therapeutic intervention using antioxidants in human renal proximal tubular cells (HK‐2 cells). Following treatment of HK‐2 cells with an increasing concentration of lead nitrate (0–50 μM) for 24 h, the intracellular ROS level increased whereas the GSH level decreased significantly in a dose‐dependent manner. Comet assay results revealed that lead nitrate showed the ability to increase the levels of DNA strand breaks in HK‐2 cells. Lead exposure also induced apoptosis through caspase‐3 activation at 30 μg/mL. Pretreatment with N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) and tannic acid showed a significant ameliorating effect on lead‐induced ROS, DNA damage, and apoptosis. In conclusion, lead induces ROS, which may exacerbate the DNA damage and apoptosis via caspase‐3 activation. Additionally, supplementation of antioxidants such as NAC and tannic acid may be used as salvage therapy for lead‐induced DNA damage and apoptosis in an exposed person.
Role of immune system in tumor progression and carcinogenesis
Authors: Upadhyay Shishir , Sharma Nidhi , Gupta Kunj Bihari , Dhiman Monisha 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTumor micro‐environment has potential to customize the behavior of the immune cell according to their need. In immune‐eliminating phase, immune cells eliminate transformed cells but after tumor establishment innate and adaptive immune cells synergistically provide shelter as well as fulfill their requirement that helps in progression. In between eliminating and establishment phase, equilibrium and escaping phase regulate the immune cells response. During immune‐escaping, (1) the antigenic response generated is either inadequate, or focused entirely on tolerance, and (2) immune response generated is specific and effective, but the tumor skips immune recognition. In this review, we are discussing the critical role of immune cells and their cytokines before and after the establishment of tumor which might play a critical role during immunotherapy.
In Situ Proliferation of Intratumor Macrophages
Authors: Evans Robert , Cullen Richard T 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This investigation was carried out to assess whether the progressive increase in the number of macrophages associated with growing tumors was the result of an influx of monocytes from the circulation as well as proliferation of macrophages in situ. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) were identified in cell suspensions prepared from three C57BL/6J (B6), methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas, designated MCA/76-9, 76-64, and 77-23, growing in normal or irradiated mice. When the sarcomas were implanted in B6 mice exposed to a sublethal dose (800 R) of whole body irradiation (WBI), tumors grew very slowly compared with control tumors. The TAM numbers were small and the percentages of macrophages were very low. The levels of TAM corresponded with the low number of circulating blood monocytes. However, compared with the number of TAM in the initial inoculum of tumor cells injected into the WBI or control mice, the TAM numbers over a period of 14 days increased several fold in WBI mice. That this increase was initially due to infiltration from the circulation was shown by injecting macrophage-free, cultured tumor cells into WBI or control mice. Proliferation in situ was demonstrated by autoradiography experiments. When 3H-thymidine was injected 1 hr before excision of MCA/76-9 tumors, labeled cells were seen in histological sections and in cell suspensions. The labeling indices for TAM from tumors growing in WBI or normal mice were not significantly different from tumor cell labeling indices. The overall data indicated that the progressive increase in TAM in these sarcomas was the combined result of monocyte infiltration and proliferation of macrophages in situ.
Enzyme-Histochemical Characterization of Macrophages in the Rat Thymus, With Special Reference to Metallophilic Cells of the Corticomedullary Zone
Authors: Milićević Novica M , Milićević Živana J 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The cortex and medulla of the normal rat thymus are populated with scattered cells which are strongly positive for acid phosphatase and only weakly (cortex) or moderately (medulla) positive for nonspecific esterase. Corticomedullary zone is characterized, as a specific entity within the thymic tissue, by the presence of very large macrophages, highly positive for acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterase. Moreover, these cells, located exclusively in the corticomedullary zone, show very strong succinic dehydrogenase activity and contain the intracytoplasmic granules of varying size, which are aldehyde fuchsin, PAS, and oil red O positive. The presence of cholesterol was demonstrated within the lipid content.
In Vitro Generation of Procoagulant Activity by Corynebacterium parvum-Stimulated Mononuclear Leukocytes
Authors: Miragliotta G , Marcuccio C , Ricci G , Barone G , Fumarola D 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Thromboembolic complications are known in cancer patients after i.v. administration of Corynebacterium parvum. We examined the ability of this organism to induce production of procoagulant activity by human blood mononuclear leukocytes in vitro. After 4 hours incubation Corynebacterium parvum was an effective stimulant for mononuclear leukocytes, behaving in the same way as the typical gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, whereas mononuclear cells incubated with Staphylococcus aureus were not affected. Corynebacterium parvum used was found devoid of endotoxin by the Limulus assay and was not affected by Polymyxin B, which, on the contrary, inhibited Escherichia coli-induced production of procoagulant activity. Intact Corynebacterium parvum may be required for the production of procoagulant activity and, although this specific aspect of the research will require further study, from the exposed data it is concluded that such a production could be a factor contributing to the pathogenesis of the coagulopathy following Corynebacterium parvum therapy.