bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractura de clavícula distal con cortical superior indemne: cirugía mínimamente invasiva
Authors: Liendo Rodrigo , Contreras Julio , Beltrán Manuel , Diaz Cristóbal , Manosalvas Daniel , Lecaros Juan , Azocar Camila , Soza Francisco 
Published: December 2017

Introducción Las fracturas de clavícula distal desplazadas son manejadas generalmente de manera quirúrgica dada la alta probabilidad de no-unión con el tratamiento ortopédico. El propósito de este trabajo es evaluar el uso del sistema de fijación con doble botón cortical para la reducción y estabilización de la fractura de clavícula distal que presenten indemnidad de la cortical superior.
Métodos Estudio retrospectivo observacional clínico-imagenológico de pacientes con fractura desplazada de clavícula distal operados con técnica mínimamente invasiva mediante reducción con sistema de fijación con doble botón cortical. Se describe como criterio radiológico de “Cortical Superior Indemne (CSI)” la presencia del rasgo de fractura a 1cm o más, hacia distal desde el tubérculo conoide, identificándose ese criterio como característica necesaria para la indicación del tratamiento propuesto. Se describen las complicaciones post-operatorias, progresión radiológica y resultados funcionales.
Resultados 21 pacientes fueron tratados con esa técnica con un seguimiento promedio de 23,4 meses. No hubo casos de no unión, infección o herida dehiscente y ningún paciente requirió el retiro del dispositivo. Se encontró un Simple Shoulder Test (SST) promedio de 79,4 (66 - 91,7) y QuickDASH de 11 (6,8 - 15,9). El 87,5% de las fracturas desplazadas de clavícula distal tenían indemnidad de la cortical superior.
Conclusión La técnica mínimamente invasiva para la reducción y fijación de la fractura de clavícula distal desplazada con botones corticales es una alternativa simple, reproducible, con pocas complicaciones y excelentes resultados funcionales.
Nivel de Evidencia: Nivel IV.
Excessive Cry in a 5-Month-Old Infant Possibly due to Abdominal Epilepsy
Authors: Majumdar Sumit , Chakrabartty Subroto , Chakravarti Swati , Roy Soumya 
Published: December 2017

AbstractExcessive and unexplained cry is a common problem with infants. Most of the causes are benign or easily treatable, with exception of a few. However, we encountered a 5-month-old, otherwise healthy male infant, who used to cry inconsolably every day on the afternoon for about 3 hours and then used to fall asleep. This had been going on for the last 6 weeks. After waking up, infant seemed perfectly normal. History, physical examination, and routine investigations failed to diagnose the cause. An electroencephalogram showed epileptic abnormalities. The “crying episodes” disappeared after starting phenobarbitone. Although two of the four criteria for diagnosis of abdominal epilepsy (AE) are impossible to be met in an infant of this age (because he cannot speak out his ailments whether he is having abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, etc.); still we believe that this was a case of AE. Various case reports have stated that “sustained response to anticonvulsants has been accepted as one of the criteria for the diagnosis of AE.” We suggest AE to be kept in mind even when dealing with an infant of unresolved excessive crying.
Osteomyelitis and Arthritis by Atypical Mycobacteria in Children: Three Cases
Authors: Aquino Joana , Lemos Sónia , Balacó Inês , Matos Gabriel , Rocha Graça , Salgado Manuel 
Published: December 2017

Introduction Osteoarticular infections caused by atypical mycobacteria are uncommon, with osteitis being more common and arthritis being rare. We describe two cases of subacute osteomyelitis and one of chronic osteomyelitis with arthritis.
Case Reports Three boys, aged between 7 and 20 months. Clinical presentations: case 1—swelling of right forearm; case 2—limping and swelling of right hallux; case 3—pain and restriction of motion of right lower limb with effusion. None had fever. All had received Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) and none had contact with tuberculosis. All had thrombocytosis, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was between 17 and 44 mm/1st hour. All had osteolytic lesions on X-ray with a sclerotic halo and swelling of the surrounding soft tissues, and invasion of the metaphysis and/or epiphysis. Bone histopathological studies revealed granulomatous inflammation or epithelioid cells in all cases. Microbiological identification was positive by culture in one case (Mycobacterium bovis) and by polymerase chain reaction in two cases (Mycobacterium spp. and M. avium). Immunodeficiency screening was negative in all cases. All were treated with antituberculous agents and made good clinical and radiological recoveries.
Discussion Osteolytic lesions should raise suspicion of mycobacterial infection, including BCG vaccine, particularly in the presence of granulomatous inflammation. The prognosis was favorable in all patients. Although immune deficits were not identified in any of our three patients, it should be routinely tested for in such cases.
Effect of Obesity on Total Knee Arthroplasty Costs and Revision Rate
Authors: Roche Martin , Law Tsun , Rosas Samuel , Rush Augustus , Kurowicki Jennifer 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn increasing number of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) are performed on obese patients. It is imperative to remain up to date on the effect of obesity on surgical outcomes and reimbursement trends. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact different severities of obesity have on primary and revision TKA, specifically: (1) incidence and trends over time; (2) annual growth rate; and (3) admission costs from 2010 to 2014. A retrospective review of a large commercial private payer database within the PearlDiver Supercomputer application (Warsaw, IN) of TKA procedures was conducted. Patients who underwent TKA and subsequent revision were identified by Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) and ninth revision International Classification of Disease (ICD-9) codes. The index procedure was linked with ICD-9 codes for body mass indexes (BMIs) from <19 to >70. Statistical analysis was primarily descriptive to demonstrate the revision incidence and reimbursement deviations due to BMI. Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) was also calculated. Our query returned a total of 87,607 TKA patients within the study BMI ranges. The majority of patients had a BMI of 40 to 44.9 (12.2%) and least in the BMI >70 (0.2%) range. BMI of 40 to 44.9 had the highest overall 5-year mean reimbursement of $11,521 and the highest overall mean 5-year deviation from normal BMI (19–24) patients of $3,300. The incidence and burden of TKA revision was highest in patients with a BMI of 60 to 69.9 (21 and 17.3%, respectively). Average 5-year revision reimbursement and deviation from normal BMI (19–24) was highest in patients with a BMI of 40 to 44.9 ($13,883 and $4,030, respectively). The number of obese patients receiving TKA is steadily rising. The cost of treating obese patients rises as BMI deviates from normal, as does the incidence of revision surgery. Therefore, surgeons must be active in counseling patients on weight optimization as part of preoperative standard of care.
Treatment of Intradural Spinal Arteriovenous Fistula: Technical Case Report
Authors: Palmiero Helbert , Caramanti Ricardo , Chaddad-Neto Feres 
Published: December 2017

Introduction Although rare, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the most common vascular malformation of the spine, and it is mainly located in the thoracic region. The fistula is identified by arteriography, which enables the treatment by embolization or guides the microsurgical therapy.
Clinical Presentation We describe the case of a 61-year-old woman with neurogenic claudication evolving to paraparesis. A dorsal intradural AVF was identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arteriography, and it was submitted to an embolization, but the procedure was unsuccessful. The patient was then referred for neurosurgery, and the AVF was obliterated using a microsurgical technique guided by multimodal intraoperative monitoring. We identified the AVF in the intraoperative moment and we then cut and coagulated the extradural portion of the nerve root.
Discussion Arteriovenous fistulas occur in the dura mater of the nerve roots with the arterialization of the venous plexus. The treatment prevents the progression of the deficits. While performing diagnostic arteriography, attempts of embolization are possible.
Conclusion Although the initial attempt of embolization at the moment of the diagnostic arteriography is achievable, it has failure rates of 50%, unlike the surgical treatment, which is definitive in all cases, as reported in this article.
Immunosuppression following liver transplantation and the course of inflammatory bowel disease – a case control study
Authors: Mogl Martina , Baumgart Daniel , Fischer Andreas , Pratschke Johann , Pascher Andreas 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of immunosuppression following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) on course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including disease activity and complications.
Methods Out of 1168 patients undergoing liver transplantation between 1988 and 2000 at our center, we identified those with IBD (n = 67). In a comparative cohort study, IBD patients after OLT were compared to controls without OLT. All drugs including immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory medication and complications during follow-up were recorded in 6-month intervals. Also, surgical interventions before and after OLT as well as endoscopic interventions with macroscopic and microscopic findings were collected and analyzed. Additionally, development of malignant neoplasias was recorded.
Results Of the 67 individuals with IBD and OLT, 41 were available for analyses and compared with 42 controls. The mean follow-up was 7.4 (range: 3 – 15) years. Short-term therapy with calcineurin inhibitors or mycophenolate mofetil led to short-term remission, yet sustained remission could only be achieved in patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil. At 14.5 years, clinical remission was reached by significantly more patients in the transplant group (54 %) than in the control group (33 %, p = 0.0295). Patients in the control group required nearly 2 times as many surgical interventions related to IBD than patients in the transplant group. Neoplasias were more common in the OLT (n = 8) compared with 4 solid organ cancers in the control group, respectively.
Conclusions Our data demonstrate an overall positive impact of immunosuppression following OLT on the course of IBD, especially with mycophenolate mofetil, but an increased rate of malignancies.
Eine seltene Form einer pulmonalen Infektion
Authors: von Donat J. , Weber M. 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungBeschrieben wird das Auftreten einer Pneumocystis jirovecii-Pneumonie bei einem HIV-negativem, nicht immunkompromittiertem Erwachsenen. Diskutiert werden die möglichen Ursachen der Erkrankung.
Sein und Werden
Authors: Randall Duncan C. 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Pragmatismus und Kinder mit Krankheitserfahrung Duncan C. Randall ist Kinderkrankenpfleger und Principal Teaching Fellow an der
Universität von Southampton, England. Mit „Pragmatic Children’s Nursing“ hat er die allererste Pflegetheorie speziell für die Pflege kranker
Kinder entwickelt. Erklärtes Ziel ist es, Kindern mit Krankheitserfahrungen eine Kindheit zu ermöglichen, die der von Gleichaltrigen in
ihrem Umfeld so ähnlich wie möglich ist. In der JuKiP gibt der Autor eine Einführung in seine Theorie.
Geriatrisches Assessment Timed „Up & Go“-Test (TUG-Test)
Authors: Zemke Jens 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Etabliert und einfach Der TUG-Test ist als ein Puzzleteil des multidimensionalen geriatrischen Assessments seit über 25 Jahren im
klinischen Alltag fest etabliert und leicht zu interpretieren. Der Test ist schnell, einfach, ubiquitär und ohne größere Hilfsmittel und
personelle Qualifikation durchführbar.
Alter und geistige Behinderung – was sollten Pflegekräfte wissen?
Authors: Stockmann Jörg 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Pflegerelevanz In den letzten 40 Jahren hat es für Menschen mit schweren geistigen und körperlichen Behinderungen enorme Fortschritte
bei der medizinischen und pflegerischen Versorgung gegeben. Auch Menschen mit schweren Behinderungen können heute ein hohes Lebensalter
erreichen. Sie bedürfen aber mehr noch als Menschen ohne Behinderung der intensiven pflegerischen Unterstützung. Was sollten Pflegekräfte
über diese Menschen wissen? Der folgende Artikel basiert auf den mehr als 20-jährigen Erfahrungen des Autors in einem ganz besonderen
Krankenhaus, das sich die gute medizinische Versorgung von Menschen mit schwerer Behinderung zur Aufgabe gemacht hat.
Kardiovaskuläre Störungen beim idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndrom
Authors: Jost Wolfgang 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungKardiovaskuläre Symptome treten im klinischen Verlauf bei fast allen Patienten mit einem Parkinson-Syndrom auf. Sie können in allen Phasen der Erkrankung beginnen und unterschiedliche Schweregrade aufweisen. Die Symptome sind häufig unspezifisch und nicht richtungsweisend. Klinisch am bedeutendsten ist die orthostatische Hypotonie, die sich als anhaltender Blutdruckabfall über Minuten zeigt. Diagnostisch ist der Schellong-Test etabliert und sinnvoll. Die Therapie besteht aus konservativen Maßnahmen wie Stützstrümpfen. Medikamentöse Ansätze wie Midodrin sind nur bedingt hilfreich. Eine weitere wichtige klinische Auffälligkeit ist der fehlende Blutdruckabfall in der Nacht (Non-Dipper). Diagnostiziert wird dies mit einer 24-Stunden-Blutdruckmessung. Bei der Blutdruckeinstellung ist diese klinische Besonderheit zu beachten. Die MIBG-Szintigrafie ist eine wichtige Untersuchung, mit der zwischen einem idiopathischen und einer Multisystematrophie differenziert werden kann. Sie belegt darüber hinaus eine Mitbeteiligung des peripheren autonomen Nervensystems bei der Erkrankung.
Hyponatriämie bei geriatrischen Patienten
Authors: Eimer Martina 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Hyponatriämie (HN) ist eine multifaktoriell bedingte Elektrolytstörung, die mit zunehmendem Alter häufiger auftritt. Sie erhöht bei
geriatrischen Patienten stark das Risiko für körperliche und mentale Beeinträchtigungen. Daten zufolge ist eine HN mit erhöhter Morbidität
und Mortalität, längeren Krankenhausaufenthalten und einem höheren Verbrauch an Krankenhausressourcen assoziiert. Bislang hat die HN noch
keine so große Rolle im klinischen Alltag gespielt. Sie wird oft nicht diagnostiziert und bleibt „untherapiert“. Bei etwa einem Drittel der
Fälle ist ein Syndrom der inadäquaten Sekretion des antidiuretischen Hormons (SIADH) die Ursache 1.Eine rechtzeitige und effektive Behandlung der Hyponatriämie aufgrund eines SIADH ist enorm wichtig. Hierfür steht mit dem selektiven
Vasopressin-V2-Rezeptor-Antagonisten Tolvaptan (Samsca®) eine sehr effektive Substanz zur Verfügung.
Virtual Dissection by Ultrasound: Probe Handling in the First Year of Medical Education
Authors: Serrao Graziano , Tassoni Massimo , Magenta-Biasina Alberto , Mantero Antonio , Previtera Antonino , Turci Michela , Biganzoli Elia , Bertolini Emanuela 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present study was to assess the educational plan of first-year students of medicine by analyzing their scores in ultrasound body scanning.
Methods Since 2009, the San Paolo Medical School (Milan, Italy) has vertically integrated the study of anatomy with ultrasound-assisted virtual body dissection. Three modules were supplied: musculoskeletal system, heart and abdomen pelvis. 653 first-year students were trained. The students alternated as mutual model and operator. A skillfulness score was assigned to each student. The scores were consequently listed. Nonparametric exact multiple contrast tests were employed to determine relative group effects.
Results Statistical analysis showed that: no gender-related differences were found (0:49; p=0.769); peer learners performed less well than peer tutors (0.677; p=0); between modules, scores in the musculoskeletal system (pMS=0.726) tend to be higher (p<0.001) than those obtained in the heart and abdomen pelvis (pH=0.398; pAP=0.375 p=0.270); significant differences were found compared to the beginning of the project’s academic year.
Conclusion The students considered this didactic course an engaging and exciting approach. Acceptance of peer teaching was extraordinarily high. Autonomous exercitation allowed the students to improve self-criticism and enhance their own skills. The level of expertise obtained by peer tutors and by peer learners can be considered satisfactory. The main objective of training future physicians on personal stethoechoscope with the necessary competence seems to have been successfully started.
Energy expenditure in professional flat jockeys using doubly labelled water during the racing season: Implications for body weight management
Authors: Wilson George , Lucas Daloni , Hambly Catherine , Speakman John R. , Morton James P. , Close Graeme L. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTo formulate individualized dietary strategies for jockeys, it is vital that energy requirements are quantified. We measured total energy expenditure (TEE) over two separate weeks in spring and summer using doubly labelled water in a group of male flat jockeys (n = 8, 36.9 ± 5.7 years, 164 ± 8 cm, 54.6 ± 2.5 kg). Total energy intake (TEI) was self‐recorded, as were all riding and structured exercise activity. Mean daily TEE was 10.83 (±2.3) and 10.66 (±1.76) MJ, (p = .61) respectively. Self‐reported TEI were 6.03 (±1.7) and 5.37 (±1.1) MJ (p = .40), respectively, and were significantly lower than TEE (p = .01). Mean race rides were 17 (±6) and 13 (±3; p = 0.37) and horses ridden at morning exercise were 8 (±6) and 7 (±4; p = .77) respectively. Additional structured exercise was 76.25 (±95.1) and 52.5 (±80.9) min per week (p = .35), respectively. At the individual level, TEE was related to body mass and the level of non‐racing physical activity, but not riding. Physical activity levels for TEE were 1.76 (±0.37) and 1.69 (±0.27; p = .59) and appear modest when compared with other athletes, and similar to age‐matched non‐athletes, suggesting that conventional sport‐specific nutritional recommendations do not appear applicable. The large discrepancy between TEE and TEI suggests significant under reporting of dietary intake. These data now provide an appropriate framework from which to formulate jockey nutritional guidelines to promote the ability to achieve the daily weight target and improve athlete welfare.
Survival of LA-MRSA in Dust from Swine Farms
Authors: Feld Louise , Bay Hans , Angen Øystein , Larsen Anders Rhod , Madsen Anne Mette 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDust is suspected to be an important factor in transmission of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) between pigs and pig farmers and their families. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of decay for Staphylococcus aureus and LA-MRSA in dust from swine farms. Electrostatic dust fall collectors (EDCs) were used for passive sampling of settling airborne dust in 11 stable sections from six swine farms. Extraction, plating, identification, and enumeration of cultivable S. aureus and LA-MRSA from the EDCs were performed after storage for 0–30 days postsampling. The survival of S. aureus was measured in 196 dust samples from all farms, and data were used to estimate the decay constant λ according to a model for exponential decay: N(t) = N0 × e−λt. The number of S. aureus colonies was up to 600-fold higher than the number of LA-MRSA colonies on MRSA selective agar. The data showed a good fit to the model (λ = 0.13, r2 = 0.86) even with a large difference in initial concentrations of S. aureus between stables. The loads of S. aureus and LA-MRSA in the dust were significantly reduced by storage time, and the half-life was 5 days for both S. aureus and LA-MRSA. In dust samples with high initial concentrations, LA-MRSA and S. aureus could still be cultivated 30 days after sampling. On all farms MRSA isolates belonged to the clonal complex (CC) 398, and at one farm some isolates also belonged to CC30. A screening for other Staphylococcus species in the farm dust revealed 13 different species numerically dominated by Staphylococcus equorum. Based on the exponential decay model, S. equorum had a half-life of 4 days. In conclusion, the presence of MRSA in airborne dust from five of six farms indicates that dust might be an important vehicle for transmission of LA-MRSA. LA-MRSA and S. aureus was found to survive well in farm dust with half-lives of 5 days, and dependent on the initial concentration they could be found in farm dust for weeks. The 99.9% die-off rate was 66 days for LA-MRSA. Thus, farm dust can pose an exposure risk for humans in the farm environment, but also when transported to other environments. On the other hand, the risk will decrease by time. These results provide important knowledge to diminish spread from farm environments to other environments on, e.g., tools or clothing, and in relation to cleaning of emptied LA-MRSA-positive stables.
Aether: leveraging linear programming for optimal cloud computing in genomics
Authors: Luber Jacob M , Tierney Braden T , Cofer Evan M , Patel Chirag J , Kostic Aleksandar D 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Across biology, we are seeing rapid developments in scale of data production without a corresponding increase in data analysis capabilities.

Results
Here, we present Aether (http://aether.kosticlab.org), an intuitive, easy-to-use, cost-effective and scalable framework that uses linear programming to optimally bid on and deploy combinations of underutilized cloud computing resources. Our approach simultaneously minimizes the cost of data analysis and provides an easy transition from users’ existing HPC pipelines.

Availability and implementation
Data utilized are available at https://pubs.broadinstitute.org/diabimmune and with EBI SRA accession ERP005989. Source code is available at (https://github.com/kosticlab/aether). Examples, documentation and a tutorial are available at http://aether.kosticlab.org.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Cognitive and Motivational Neuroscience of Psychotic Disorders
Authors: Young Jared W. , Anticevic Alan , Barch Deanna M. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome presenting with a constellation of symptoms. Clinicians have long recognized that abnormalities in cognitive function and motivated behavior are a key component of psychosis, and of schizophrenia in particular. Here we postulate that these deficits may reflect, at least in part, impairments in the ability to actively maintain and utilize internal representations of emotional experiences, previous rewards, and motivational goals in order to drive current and future behavior in a way that would normally allow individuals to obtain desired outcomes. We discuss the evidence for such impairment in schizophrenia, how it manifests in domains typically referred to as executive control, working memory, and episodic memory, how it may help us understand impairments in reward processing and motivation in schizophrenia, and the animal research consistent with these hypotheses.