bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introducing a Third Timed Up & Go Test Trial Improves Performances of Hospitalized and Community-Dwelling Older Individuals
Authors: Bloch Mette L. , Jønsson Line R. , Kristensen Morten T. 
Published: February 2016

Background and Purpose:
Originally, the Timed Up & Go (TUG) test was described as including a practice trial before a timed trial, but recent studies in individuals with hip fracture have reported that performance improved with a third trial and that high intertester reliability was achieved when the fastest of 3 timed trials was used. Thus, the fastest of 3 TUG trials is recommended when testing individuals with hip fracture. To our knowledge, no study has examined the number of trials needed to achieve performance stability on the TUG test (defined as no further improvement on subsequent trials) when performed by older individuals without hip fracture. The aim of the study, therefore, was to examine whether a third TUG trial is faster than either of 2 TUG trials conducted according to standardized TUG instructions and whether the fastest of 3 trials is the most appropriate measure to apply in hospitalized and community-dwelling older individuals.

Methods:
Eighty-two participants (50 from a geriatric hospital unit and 32 from an outpatient geriatric center; 52 women, 30 men) with a mean (SD) age of 83.6 (7.9) years were included in this cross-sectional study. All participants (except one from the hospital unit) performed 3 TUG trials, as fast as safely possible on the same day, and separated by up to 1-minute pauses. A rollator (4-wheeled rolling walker) was used as a standardized walking aid in the geriatric hospital unit, whereas participants used their normal walking aid (if any) in the outpatient geriatric center.

Results and Discussion:
The fastest trial was trial 3 for 47 (57%), trial 2 for 25 (31%), and trial 1 for 10 (12%). Repeated-measures analyses of variance with Bonferroni corrections showed that TUG times improved from trial 1 to trial 3 (P < .04). In addition, the fastest of the 3 timed trials was significantly (P < .001) faster than the other 2 trials.

Conclusion:
We suggest that the fastest of the 3 TUG trials is recorded instead of the second trial in both hospitalized and community-dwelling older individuals.
The Impact of Competitive Trait Anxiety on Collegiate Powerlifting Performance
Authors: Judge Lawrence W. , Urbina Leslie J. , Hoover Donald L. , Craig Bruce W. , Judge Lani M. , Leitzelar Brianna M. , Pearson David R. , Holtzclaw Kara A. , Bellar David M. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Judge, LW, Urbina, LJ, Hoover, DL, Craig, BW, Judge, LM, Leitzelar, BM, Pearson, DR, Holtzclaw, KA, and Bellar, DM. The impact of competitive trait anxiety on collegiate powerlifting performance. J Strength Cond Res 30(9): 2399–2405, 2016—The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between competitive trait anxiety measures and powerlifting (PL) performance. Thirty-six collegiate powerlifters on club teams from 3 universities were recruited during a competition (men = 26, women = 10; age = 19.9 ± 1.5 years; height = 172.5 ± 8.6 cm; weight = 81.4 ± 21.0 kg). The athletes were distributed across weight classes for collegiate PL (47.6 kg: 1; 51.7 kg: 1; 54.9 kg: 1; 59.8 kg: 3; 67.1 kg: 2; 74.8 kg: 7; 82.1 kg: 4; 89.8 kg: 9; 99.8 kg: 5; super heavyweight: 3). A survey containing questions about PL performance history and the 15-item Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) were administered to the participants before competing. The SCAT total was negatively correlated (r = −0.397; p = 0.02) to the athletes' percentage of best total achieved in the competition (actual performance total/best comp total × 100). Of the individual lifts, the SCAT score was negatively correlated to the personal best for bench press (r = −0.368; p = 0.03) and deadlift (r = −0.317, p = 0.05), but did not significantly correlate for squat (r = −0.182, p = 0.27). These results indicate a negative correlation between the SCAT score and athletes' personal best totals in PL. Increased SCAT scores were associated with decreased personal best PL totals. The results suggest that competitive trait anxiety may have negatively impacted performance and that some PL athletes may benefit from interventions aimed at decreasing anxiety before and during performance.
Molecular basis of ion permeability in a voltage‐gated sodium channel
Authors: Naylor Claire E , Bagnéris Claire , DeCaen Paul G , Sula Altin , Scaglione Antonella , Clapham David E , Wallace BA 
Published: February 2016

AbstractVoltage‐gated sodium channels are essential for electrical signalling across cell membranes. They exhibit strong selectivities for sodium ions over other cations, enabling the finely tuned cascade of events associated with action potentials. This paper describes the ion permeability characteristics and the crystal structure of a prokaryotic sodium channel, showing for the first time the detailed locations of sodium ions in the selectivity filter of a sodium channel. Electrostatic calculations based on the structure are consistent with the relative cation permeability ratios (Na+ ≈ Li+ ≫ K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) measured for these channels. In an E178D selectivity filter mutant constructed to have altered ion selectivities, the sodium ion binding site nearest the extracellular side is missing. Unlike potassium ions in potassium channels, the sodium ions in these channels appear to be hydrated and are associated with side chains of the selectivity filter residues, rather than polypeptide backbones.
Follow-up duration influences the relative importance of OGTT and optimal timing of glucose measurements for predicting future type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nielsen Mette Lundgren , Pareek Manan , Leósdóttir Margrét , Højlund Kurt , Eriksson Karl-Fredrik , Nilsson Peter M , Olsen Michael Hecht 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Objective
To examine the impact of follow-up duration on the incremental prognostic yield of a baseline oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for predicting type 2 diabetes and to assess the discrimination ability of blood glucose (BG) obtained at different time points during OGTT.
Design
A prospective, population-based cohort study (Malmö Preventive Project) with inclusion of subjects from 1974 to 1992.
Methods
A total of 5256 men without diabetes, who had BG measured at 0, 20, 40, 60, 90, and 120 min during OGTT (30 g/m2 glucose), were followed for 30 years. Incident type 2 diabetes was recorded using registries. The performance of OGTT added to a clinical prediction model (age, body mass index (BMI), diastolic blood pressure, fasting BG, triglycerides, and family history of diabetes) was assessed using Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).
Results
Median age was 48 years, mean BMI 24.9 kg/m2, and mean fasting BG 4.7 mmol/L. Models with added post-load BG performed better than the clinical model (C-index: P = 0.08 for BG at 120 min at 5 years, otherwise P ≤ 0.045; IDI: P ≥ 0.06 for BG at 60 and 90 min at 5 years, otherwise P ≤ 0.01). With a longer follow-up duration, C-index decreased, and the C-index increase associated with OGTT was attenuated. Models including BG at 60 or 90 min performed significantly better than the model with BG at 120 min, evident beyond follow-up of 10 and 5 years, respectively.
Conclusions
OGTT provided incremental prognostic yield for type 2 diabetes prediction. BG measured at 60 or 90 min provided better discrimination than BG at 120 min.
Perceived Motor Competence Differs From Actual Performance in 8-Year-Old Neonatal ECMO Survivors
Authors: Toussaint Leontien C.C. , van der Cammen-van Zijp Monique H.M. , Janssen Anjo J. , Tibboel Dick , van Heijst Arno F. , IJsselstijn Hanneke 
Published: February 2016

OBJECTIVE:To assess perceived motor competence, social competence, self-worth, health-related quality of life, and actual motor performancein 8-year-old survivors of neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).METHODS:In a prospective nationwide study, 135 children completed the extended version of the “athletic competence” domain of the Self Perception Profile for Children (SPPC) called the m-CBSK (Motor supplement of the Competentie BelevingsSchaal voor Kinderen) to assess perceived motor competence, the SPPC, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), andwere tested with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children. SD scores (SDS) were used to compare with the norm.RESULTS:The mean (SD) SDS for perceived motor competence, social competence, and self-worth were all significantly higher than the norm: 0.18 (0.94), P = .03; 0.35 (1.03), P &lt; .001; and 0.32 (1.08), P &lt; .001, respectively. The total PedsQL score was significantly below the norm: mean (SD) SDS: –1.26 (1.53), P &lt; .001. Twenty-two percent of children had actual motor problems. The SDS m-CBSK and actual motor performance did not correlate (r = 0.12; P = .17). The SDS m-CBSK significantly correlated with the athletic competence domain of the SPPC (r = 0.63; P &lt; .001).CONCLUSIONS:Eight-year-old ECMO survivors feel satisfied with their motor- and social competence, despite impaired PedsQL scores and motor problems. Because motor problems in ECMO survivorsdeteriorate throughout childhood, clinicians should be aware that these patients may tend to “overrate” their actual motor performance. Education andstrict monitoring of actual motor performanceare important to enable timelyintervention.
Probiotic Supplementation and Late-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Infants: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Rao Shripada C. , Athalye-Jape Gayatri K. , Deshpande Girish C. , Simmer Karen N , Patole Sanjay K. 
Published: February 2016

CONTEXT:
Late-onset sepsis (LOS) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Despite various preventive measures, its incidence continues to remain high, hence the urgent need for additional approaches. One such potential strategy is supplementation with probiotics. The updated Cochrane Review (2014) did not find benefits of probiotics in reducing the risk of LOS in preterm infants (19 studies, N = 5338). Currently there are &gt;30 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotics in preterm infants that have reported on LOS.

OBJECTIVES:
To conduct a systematic review including all relevant RCTs.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and E-abstracts from the Pediatric Academic Society meetings and other pediatric and neonatal conference proceedings were searched in June and August 2015.

STUDY SELECTION:
RCTs comparing probiotics versus placebo/no probiotic were included.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Relevant data were extracted independently by 3 reviewers.

RESULTS:
Pooled results from 37 RCTs (N = 9416) using fixed effects model meta analysis showed that probiotics significantly decreased the risk of LOS (675/4852 [13.9%] vs 744/4564 [16.3%]; relative risk, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.78–0.94; P = .0007; I2 = 35%; number needed to treat, 44). The results were significant even after excluding studies with high risk of bias.

CONCLUSIONS:
Probiotic supplementation reduces the risk of LOS in preterm infants.
Monitoring Carbon Dioxide and Methane Levels above Retired Landfill and Forest Control Site with a Tethered Aerostat to Determine Remediation Effectiveness
Authors: Banick Jesse Lee , Zolkowski Jeshanah Jean , Lenz Kathryn Elizabeth , Sanders Jonathan 
Published: February 2016

Â The chemical composition of the ambient air not only affects the health of human beings, but also the health of the planet. This study examined how the decay of waste matter influenced the concentration of carbon dioxide and methane in ambient air. By measuring the level of these two gases above a forest control site and a retired landfill site, the researchers analyzed the effectiveness of the remediation methods utilized on the retired landfill in reducing carbon dioxide and methane emissions. Two carbon dioxide sensors, affixed to a payload, hung beneath a tethered aerostat. The collected data seemed to show that the concentration of carbon dioxide on the retired landfill was equal to the concentration at the control site. However, as the data may have been influenced by sensor limitations, more analysis needs to be done to make conclusions about the remediation effectiveness.Â
Badger Ballistics: 2015 WSGC Collegiate Rocket Competition
Authors: Warren Michael 
Published: February 2016

This report provides an overview of the design features, construction and analysis of a high-powered rocket and payload.Â The rocket was designed and constructed to be a boosted dart that could be recovered in a flyable condition in accordance with the WSGC Collegiate Rocket Competition objectives.Â The boosted dart was comprised of an unpowered dart and a rocket booster.Â The two stages of the rocket were designed to separate as a result of drag after the boosted dart stopped providing thrust.Â After the drag separation, the unpowered dart was to continue coasting on a parabolic trajectory until an electronic deployment system released its parachute.Â The rocket booster also contained a parachute recovery system that was to release after separation.Â The payload of the unpowered dart was designed and constructed to collect on-board, nadir video and characterize the rotation of the rocket in the X, Y, and Z axes over time. Badger Ballistics achieved a successful flight with a successful launch, dart separation from booster, successful deployment of the booster recovery system, successful deployment of the dart recovery system, and the recovery of both stages in flyable condition.
The efficiency of pulsed electromagnetic field in refractory migraine headaches: a randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group
Authors: Hatef Boshra , Hashemirad Fahime , Meftahi Gholam Hossein , Simorgh Leila , Jahromi Soodeh Razeghi , Rahimi Forough , Togha Mansoureh 
Published: February 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>The study attempts to investigate the effect of PEMF therapy on Refractory Migraines (RM), both those which were related and those which were not related to menstrual cycle, in a randomized, single blind, placebo-controlled study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong>The study attempts to investigate the effect of PEMF therapy on Refractory Migraines (RM), both those which were related and those which were not related to menstrual cycle, in a randomized, single blind, placebo-controlled study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>There was a significant improvement for the active group in terms of their headache days, durations and work-loss hours due to headache compared to the placebo group after 2 weeks. The added results of the assessment of the active group indicated a significant improvement in the days and duration of headaches, work-loss hours and number of medications even after a following 4-8-month period. Headache intensity and the amount of medication used for headache were reduced only in RM patients that had headaches which were not related to their menstrual cycles.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> PEMF (10 Hz, 4-5mT) can be considered as a beneficial and persistent prophylactic treatment option for refractory migraine.</span></p>
Factors That Influence Where Babies Sleep in the United States
Authors: Kendall-Tackett Kathleen , Cong Zhen , Hale Thomas 
Published: February 2016

Overview: Bedsharing is common in the United States in spite of numerous public health campaigns telling parents not to do it. This suggests that generic, never-bedshare messaging does not result in safe-sleep behavior. It also suggests we know little about the characteristics of mothers who bedshare. This study addresses this gap by examining demographic characteristics of mothers including race/ethnicity, income, education, partner status, and maternal age.Sample: The sample was the U.S. cohort (N = 4,789) of the Survey of Mothers’ Sleep and Fatigue.Results: Consistent with previous findings, we found that African American and American Indian mothers were more likely to bedshare, as were lower income and single mothers. We also found that bedsharing mothers were more likely to have lower education levels, be younger age at first birth, and were less likely to be currently employed. There were also striking racial/ethnic differences on location of night feeds, where mothers think babies should sleep, and their reasons for engaging in their nighttime parenting practices.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the mothers’ demographics are related to bedsharing practices. Furthermore, simply describing bedsharing in terms of “cultural differences” oversimplifies a complex set of behaviors and beliefs. Safe sleep messaging, including safe bedsharing, needs to be tailored to address the various subgroups of mothers living in the United States.
Lactation Consultants’ Perceptions of Musculoskeletal Disorders Affecting Breastfeeding
Authors: Lavigne Valérie 
Published: February 2016

Objective: The study aimed to investigate IBCLCs’ demographic profile, perceptions of breastfeeding musculoskeletal disorders in infants, and referral patterns.Method: IBCLCs from Canada and the United States (N = 13,017) were invited to participate in an online survey questionnaire emailed by the International Board of Lactation Consultant Examiners.Results: Response rate was 18.9% (N = 2,457). Most IBCLCs had a nursing background (64.8%) and practiced in a hospital setting (57%). Most reported referral of infants for musculoskeletal treatment (73.9%). The first professional referral was made to a pediatrician (47%), followed by craniosacral therapist (16%), and chiropractor (14%). Professional expertise was the chief reason for referral (43%). The most common latch issues referred for were tongue-tie (27%), painful latch (24%), neck problems (18%), and nonlatching (9%). Congenital torticollis (25%) and neck tension (14%) were the main musculoskeletal problems recognized by IBCLCs. Approximately half the respondents (51%) were comfortable recognizing musculoskeletal issues in babies. Most respondents (91%) noticed breastfeeding improvement following manual treatment.Conclusion: IBCLCs refer to musculoskeletal specialists promptly following the first visit. More collaboration between professions may help foster the wide interprofessional support needed to improve breastfeeding rates.
A Survey of Current and Projected Ethical Dilemmas of Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Hartley Michael T. , Cartwright Brenda Y. 
Published: February 2016

Purpose:This study surveyed current and projected ethical dilemmas of rehabilitation counselors.Method:As a mixed-methods approach, the study used both quantitative and qualitative analyses.Results:Of the 211 participants who completed the survey, 116 (55.0%) reported an ethical dilemma. Based on the descriptions, common themes involved roles and relationships with clients, professional responsibility and competence, and confidentiality and privacy. In addition, projected dilemmas involved social media, health care legislation, insurance concerns, and professional competence.Conclusions:Implications address areas for ongoing discussion, including considerations for future revisions to the Commission on Rehabilitation Counselor Certification Code of Ethics.
Persons Living With HIV/AIDS: Employment as a Social Determinant of Health
Authors: Hergenrather Kenneth C. , Zeglin Robert J. , Conyers Liza , Misrok Mark , Rhodes Scott D. 
Published: February 2016

Purpose: For persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy has increased their longevity and quality of life. As HIV progresses, many PLWHA present declined domains of functioning that impede their ability to work. The authors explore employment as a social determinant of health to identify issues impacting employment outcomes for PLWHA.Methods: The authors reviewed the literature addressing HIV across the domains of mental health functioning, neurocognitive functioning, and physical function and employment.Results: When providing employment services to PLWHA, considerations for rehabilitation practitioners and educators include HIV/AIDS education, functional assessment, social support, considerations for women with HIV, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV/AIDS stigma, and employment resources for PLWHA.Conclusion: With more than 1.2 million PLWHA in the United States, and most of new infections among persons 25–44 years of age, the prevalence of PLWHA seeking employment and inclusive of the U.S. workforce will continue to increase. Proving employment services for PLWHA is a complex process that is best served by an integrative service approach.
Vocational Rehabilitation Transition Outcomes of Youth With Disabilities From a Midwestern State
Authors: Awsumb Jessica M. , Balcazar Fabricio E. , Alvarado Francisco 
Published: February 2016

Purpose: To examine the outcomes (rehabilitated vs. nonrehabilitated) of youth with disabilities (ages 14–22 years) participating in the transition program from a midwestern state.Method: Five years of vocational rehabilitation transition data (N = 6,252) were analyzed to determine what demographic and system-level factors were related to rehabilitated or nonrehabilitated outcomes.Results: Postsecondary and employment outcomes were predicted by race, gender, type of disability, office region, total number of services, and case expenditure. Hispanic youth had the highest percentage of rehabilitation; males faired significantly better than females and participants in small towns were significantly more likely to be rehabilitated than participants living in large urban areas.Conclusions: Based on the data findings, it was recommended that the vocational rehabilitation agency alters and updates its transition program. Strategies to help youth with disabilities achieve positive employment and postsecondary educational outcomes are discussed.
High-frequency plant regeneration and histological analysis of callus in Cichorium intybus: An important medicinal plant
Authors: Dakshayini K. , Vaman Rao C. , Karun Anitha , Bhavyashree U. , Ujwal P. 
Published: February 2016

<p>An efficient in vitro propagation and in vitro flowering protocols were developed for the medicinal plant Cichorium intybus (Asteraceae) using leaf disc explants. Media supplemented with the growth regulator naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (1.5 mg/l) + 6-benzyle adenine (0.25 mg/l) was used for the initial induction of the callus and further subcultured to the same media for the proliferation of the callus. Pale yellow and green calli were noticed, which depends on incorporation of the growth hormones and their varying concentrations. Murashige and Skoog medium in addition with 2 mg/l kinetin+ 0.5 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid (IBA) + 500 mg/l casein hydrolysate resulted in maximum regeneration. Media supplemented via IBA (0.5 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l) (98%) was found to be<br />optimum for rhizogenesis for in vitro regenerated plants. For acclimatization 5-6 weeks mature in vitro regenerated plants were transferred into the greenhouse for acclimatization. The histological study revealed the presence actively dividing meristematic cells in callus. The occurrence of the peripheral meristematic zone associated with callus was noticed in after 20 days, which formed the shoot meristems after 45 days of incubation. To our knowledge, this is the first report on high-frequency plant regeneration which was carried out indirectly from the<br />leaf explants which was grown in controlled environment with varying concentration of the growth regulators and histology of callus of different stages from leaf explants of C. intybus.</p>