bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Intravitreal Conbercept Injection Reduced Both Angiogenic and Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Huang Zijing , Chen Li Jia , Huang Dingguo , Yi Jingsheng , Chen Zhiying , Lin Peimin , Wang Yifan , Zheng Jianlong , Chen Weiqi 
Published: September 2024

Aims: To investigate the impact of intravitreal injection of conbercept, a recombinant fusion protein with decoy receptors for the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, on intraocular concentrations of angiogenic and inflammatory mediators in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), analyzed its potential impact on surgical outcomes.Methods: Forty eyes from 40 patients with PDR were included in this prospective study. Patients received intravitreal injection of conbercept followed by vitrectomy or phacovitrectomy in 1 week. Aqueous humor samples were collected before and 1 week after the conbercept injection. The concentrations of angiogenic and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured by flow cytometry. Follow‐up clinical data were collected and analyzed.Results: Intravitreal conbercept injection significantly decreased aqueous concentrations of VEGF (325.5 (baseline) versus 22.3 pg/mL (postinjection), p < 0.0001), PlGF (39.5 versus 24.5 pg/mL, p < 0.0001), and PDGF‐A (54.1 versus 47.0 pg/mL, p = 0.0016), while no impact on bFGF levels. For inflammatory mediators, the concentration of TNF‐α (0.79 versus 0.45 pg/mL, p = 0.0004) and IL‐8 (180.6 versus 86 pg/mL, p < 0.0001) were decreased, while IL‐6 (184.1 versus 333.7 pg/mL, p = 0.0003) and IL‐10 (1.1 versus 1.5 pg/mL, p = 0.0032) were increased. No significant changes in IFN‐γ or MCP‐1 were detected. Three months after surgery, the mean best‐corrected visual acuity improved from a baseline of 1.8 ± 0.1 logMAR to 0.7 ± 0.1 logMAR (p < 0.0001), with 36 eyes (90%) achieving an improvement of visual function.Conclusions: Intravitreal conbercept injection presents dual effects of antiangiogenesis and anti‐inflammation and can be served as an adjuvant treatment to vitrectomy for PDR patients.
Hypernetworks for Personalizing ASR to Atypical Speech
Authors: Müller-Eberstein Max , Yee Dianna , Yang Karren , Mantena Gautam Varma , Lea Colin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) for personalizing automatic speech recognition (ASR) has recently shown promise for adapting general population models to atypical speech. However, these approaches assume a priori knowledge of the atypical speech disorder being adapted for—the diagnosis of which requires expert knowledge that is not always available. Even given this knowledge, data scarcity and high inter-/intra-speaker variability further limit the effectiveness of traditional fine-tuning. To circumvent these challenges, we first identify the minimal set of model parameters required for ASR adaptation. Our analysis of each individual parameter’s effect on adaptation performance allows us to reduce Word Error Rate (WER) by half while adapting 0.03% of all weights. Alleviating the need for cohort-specific models, we next propose the novel use of a meta-learned hypernetwork to generate highly individualized, utterance-level adaptations on-the-fly for a diverse set of atypical speech characteristics. Evaluating adaptation at the global, cohort, and individual-level, we show that hypernetworks generalize better to out-of-distribution speakers, while maintaining an overall relative WER reduction of 75.2% using 0.1% of the full parameter budget.
A Papyrus Codex of Paul’s Letters in Greek
Authors: Nongbri Brent 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article revisits the question of whether P65 (PSI XIV 1373) and P49 (P.Yale I 2 + II 86) should be considered as parts of two different codices or part of a single codex containing a collection of Paul’s letters. While the similarity of the scripts of these two manuscripts has long been recognized, the two fragments have not been subjected to a thorough codicological comparison. This article examines the scripts of P65 and P49, selected scribal and codicological details of the fragments, and what can be known about the provenance of these papyri. The evidence examined points to the conclusion that these two fragmentary folia very probably came from the same single-quire codex containing a collection of Paul’s letters and should be listed as a single manuscript rather than two separate manuscripts in the various catalogs and databases.
The Cannibal’s Antidote for Resentment: Diffracting Ressentiment through Decolonial Thought
Authors: Brea Pedro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This essay is split into two thought experiments. The first will be to diffract ressentiment through the works of Gloria Anzaldúa and Édouard Glissant. I will create a bridge with decolonial thought by interpreting Anzaldúa’s concept of the nopal de castilla and mestiza consciousness through the interpretive lens of ressentiment to show the affinity that exists between the work of Anzaldúa and Nietzsche. I then look at ressentiment through some of the concepts Glissant offers in the Poetics of Relation. I argue that ressentiment resists the creolization of identity and culture, and that Glissant’s demand for the right to opacity for all signals the overcoming of ressentiment. The second experiment diffracts ressentiment through Eduardo Viveiros de Castro’s Cannibal Metaphysics, beginning with an analysis of the most relevant points of that text for our discussion, then putting our diffracted ressentiment in conversation with the Brazilian anthropologist’s post-structural interpretation of Amerindian perspectivism.
A Manuscript of the Arabian Nights and Its Journey to Cambridge
Authors: Ansorge Catherine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Cambridge University Library holds an Arabic manuscript of The Thousand and One Nights (Ms Qq.106–109). The library records it as entering the collection in 1819 and codicological evidence shows that the manuscript was copied in Cairo in the early 19th century. This paper discusses the complex narrative of its acquisition, including the roles played by prominent travellers and collectors. The significance of the text of the ‘Nights’ and its popularity in England and Europe are also examined as are the factors that made the Arabic text of this work much sought-after at the time. The influence of the contemporary political situation, the conditions of travel in the Middle East, and the individuals involved with the text’s acquisition are described, focusing on those with a Cambridge connection. A detailed analysis of the activities and twists of fate resulting in the acquisition of this particular manuscript are traced in contemporary sources.
Treasures from the Bodleian Library
Authors: Laclau Adeline 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Bodleian Library hosts one of the most important collections of Arabic manuscripts in Europe but most of them are unpublished or remain widely understudied. This article discusses the Arabic illuminated manuscripts produced in 14th- and 15th-century Egypt and Bilād al-Shām identified in this institution and aims to highlight their production context and material characteristics. The study of these manuscripts also gives an insight into the main phases and codicological features of the arts of the book during the Mamluk period.
The Ensemble Tangent Linear Model Applied to a Cloud Physics Parameterization
Authors: Allen Douglas R. , Hodyss Daniel , Hoppel Karl W. , Nedoluha Gerald E. , Ridout James A. , Amerault Clark M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
An ensemble tangent linear model (ETLM) is applied to a cloud physics scheme used in the Navy Global Environmental Model (NAVGEM). The ensemble is created using 3-h forecasts from the ensemble transform method used in the NAVGEM data assimilation system. The model states are saved before and after applying the cloud physics parameterization (which includes condensation/evaporation of cloud ice and cloud liquid water and stratiform precipitation), and these states are used to construct linearized model tendencies for temperature, specific humidity, cloud liquid water, and cloud ice water. We examine separately the application of the ETLM to cloud physics components that are explicitly local versus nonlocal. For the local components, an ETLM is built using a single grid point. ETLMs from 50 to 1000 members are tested, and skillful forecasts can be obtained for both local and nonlocal physics even with a moderate-sized ensemble (e.g., 100 members). At 1000 members, the globally averaged forecast error reductions (relative to persistence errors) are ∼40% for temperature, water vapor, and cloud liquid water and ∼30% for cloud ice. When initial perturbations are reduced by a factor of 0.1, the error reductions increase to ∼65% for all variables. For physics with nonlocal components (stratiform precipitation), the covariances that comprise the ETLM are localized with a Schur product matrix using a Gaussian localization shape with tunable length. The optimal lengths increased with an ensemble size from ∼2 to 3 km for 50 members to ∼10 km for 1000 members. ETLMs for “all cloud physics” are also constructed and evaluated.
Short-term exercise training benefits pulmonary arterial hypertension patients
Authors: Azzuhdi Muhammad Zakiy , Krevani Citra Kiki , Kino Kino 
Published: September 2024

Objectives Studies have shown exercise rehabilitation training improves exercise tolerance in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. However, implementing such programs in developing countries can be challenging. We investigated the benefits of short-term exercise rehabilitation training for PAH patients in a developing country. Methods This study was a prospective study of adult PAH patients attending the cardiology outpatient unit of a tertiary referral hospital. The patients were equally divided into an intervention group and a control group. We measured hemodynamic characteristics and six-minute walking distance (6MWD) before and after four weeks of exercise rehabilitation training. The Shapiro–Wilk normality test was performed, followed by an independent t-test or Mann–Whitney test to statistically compare the data. Results We included 28 patients aged 29.1 ± 11 years. We found no significant differences in all hemodynamic characteristics between the groups before and after the rehabilitation (all p-values >0.05). The intervention group showed a significant increase in 6MWD (300.6 ± 90.8 (95% CI: 248.2, 352.9) vs 436.3 ± 58.8 (95% CI: 402.3, 470.2), p-value <0.001) and consequently, the Δ6MWD in the intervention group was remarkably higher (17.1 ± 48.3 (95% CI: −10.8, 44.9) vs 115.36 ± 54.69 m (95% CI: 83.8, 146.9), p-value <0.001). Conclusion A short-term exercise rehabilitation training safely improved the exercise tolerance of patients with PAH. Our findings may lead to the improvement of rehabilitation strategies for this detrimental disease in countries with limited resources.
Investigating the association between blue light cystoscopy utilization and social determinants of health
Authors: Bhatt Vikas , Malshy Kamil , Homer Alexander , Golijanin Borivoj , Golijanin Dragan 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Blue light cystoscopy (BLC) improves bladder cancer (BCa) detection. No studies have evaluated socioeconomic inequity in the utilization of BLC. Methods: An institutional bladder tumor (TURBT) database (2016–2023) was retrospectively reviewed and BLC and white light cystoscopy (WLC) recipients were compared. Demographic and insurance data were collected. Socioeconomic Status (SES) was determined using a validated national and Rhode Island Area Deprivation Index (ADI). Results: 2122 Rhode Island patients underwent TURBT and 32.23% had BLC. BLC recipients were younger (mean age 71.5 vs 73.8 years, p < 0.001), more likely married (69.6% vs 57.2%, p < 0.001), more likely English speakers (93.3% vs 91.9%, p = 0.015), and more likely to have private insurance (34.2% vs 27%, p = 0.001). BLC recipients had less socioeconomic disadvantage ( p < 0.001): lower mean National (36.2 vs 38.7) and State (4.8 vs 5.2) ADI. Conclusion: SES is associated with BLC utilization, which may negatively influence BCa outcomes.
Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Childhood Tuberculous Meningitis: A New Association
Authors: Jauhari Prashant , Singh Sonali , Jain Agam , Sundaram Mohan S. , Kamila Gautam , Sinha Rahul , Chakrabarty Biswaroop , Kumar Atin , Gulati Sheffali 
Published: September 2024

Background We sought to estimate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) in childhood tuberculous meningitis. Methods Hospital records of children (6 months to 14 years) with tuberculous meningitis were retrospectively analyzed from September 2019 through January 2022. In September 2019, the first case of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in tuberculous meningitis was identified in our division. Since then, all admitted children with tuberculous meningitis have been screened for paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity using the Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity Assessment Measure (PSH-AM). Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity is suspected when any of the following are present: recurrence of fever after initial defervescence, episodic posturing, dystonia, or unexplained tachycardia. Outcome at 3 months was prospectively scored according to the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category score. Results Forty-one hospital records of children with tuberculous meningitis were analyzed, and 6 of them had paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (probable paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, 5/6; possible paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, 1/6). Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity appeared after a mean duration of 17 weeks (range: 12-25 weeks) from the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in 4 of 6 children and at 4 weeks in 2 of 6 children. Children with tuberculous meningitis who developed paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity were younger (median age: 5 years) compared with the nonparoxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity tuberculous meningitis cohort (median age: 10 years). A high proportion of children who developed paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity had hydrocephalus at presentation (5 of 6 [83.3%] vs 12 of 35 [34.3%], P = .035). Hospital stay was significantly prolonged in children with probable paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (mean: 71.2 ± 26.8 days) compared with tuberculous meningitis without paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (mean: 20.8 ± 11.6 days; P < .0001). Conclusion Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity is a late complication of tuberculous meningitis observed in 14.6% cases and should be anticipated in children with reappearance of fever or neurologic worsening without any apparent cause.
Investigation of sizing materials for carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites
Authors: Yavuz Zelal , Öz Yahya , Ece Remzi Ecmel , Öztürk Fahrettin 
Published: September 2024

For the manufacturing of mechanically strong and lightweight composite aerostructures reinforcement materials (e.g. carbon fibers, CFs) are the most convenient way. Therefore, sizing of carbon fibers is crucial for guiding them into service by protecting the CF’s surface. In this study, a novel sizing agent was developed and effects of this sizing on CFs’ physicochemical as well as surface properties were investigated. The impact on the fiber-matrix interphase behavior was analyzed. Results reveal that the surface free energy of CF was increased from 5.67 mJ/m2 to 13.13 mJ/m2 through sizing by enhancing the wettability property of CF. In addition, surface topography analyses indicate that the surface roughness Ra is 3.70 ± 2.59 nm for neat CF; 1.01 ± 0.65 nm for Polyetherimide (PEI) sized CF; and 1.71 ± 1.14 nm for PEI-Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) sized CF. Finally, it was concluded that an increment in the wettability can be related with chemical changes on the fiber’s surface.
Green Synthesis of Chitosan-coated Tin Dioxide Nanoparticles Using Moringa oleifera Flower Extract Against Breast Cancer via the Caspase-dependent Apoptotic Pathway
Authors: Alsulimani Ahmad , Abdullah Saleh M. , Jerah Ahmed Ali , Hendi Ali M. , Farasani Abdullah 
Published: September 2024

Background and Purpose In the present work, chitosan is furnished with tin dioxide (CsSnO2) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using the green route using Moringa oleifera ( M. oleifera) flower extract. Materials and Methods These preparation methods are low-cost, easily reproducible, nontoxic, and eco-friendly. X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and photoluminescence (PL) analysis were used to learn more about the CsSnO2 NPs. The antibacterial property of CsSnO2 NPs was assessed by the disc diffusion method against various pathogens. The MTT assay was done to assess the cytotoxicity of CsSnO2 NPs in MCF-7 cells. The expressions of the apoptotic proteins were examined using assay kits. Results XRD results demonstrated that the formulated CsSnO2 NPs exhibit a tetragonal structure. From the FT-IR spectra, the Sn–O stretching peak was observed at 579 cm–1. A FESEM image shows that the CsSnO2 NPs were formed into a spherical structure. Surface defects, such as tin and oxygen vacancies, are visible in the PL spectra, and the average particle size of CsSnO2 NPs is 32 nm. Thus, surface defects are essential parameters for biocidal properties. The antimicrobial property of CsSnO2 NPs and amoxicillin was investigated against bacteria and human fungal pathogens. CsSnO2 NPs exhibit similar antimicrobial properties as compared to amoxicillin. Also, the dosage of CsSnO2 NPs elevated their antimicrobial activity. The anticancer property of the green-synthesized CsSnO2 NPs against MCF-7 cells was further analyzed to study their ability to cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction, like caspase-3, -8, and -9 activation. Conclusion The study’s outcome revealed that the green synthesized CsSnO2 NPs are an outstanding candidate for cancer therapy.
Research on the Improvement of Endothelial Cell Function and Trophoblast Apoptosis in Rats with Preeclampsia by Tanshinone IIA
Authors: Dong Hui , Song Jie , Jia Yanju , Cui Hongyan , Chen Xu 
Published: September 2024

Background Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, often the kidneys. Recent studies suggest that endothelial dysfunction and trophoblast apoptosis are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Objectives To investigate the effects of tanshinone IIA (TIIA) on clinical symptoms, vascular endothelial function, and placental trophoblast apoptosis in preeclampsia rats. Materials and Methods Twenty-four pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats, between 8 and 10 weeks old, were randomly divided and allocated into three groups: Control, model, and treatment, with each group consisting of 8 rats. The control group received normal saline injections via the tail vein; the model group received NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) to induce preeclampsia, followed by normal saline injections; and the treatment group received TIIA (10 mg/kg) via tail vein injection after preeclampsia induction with l-NAME. Various parameters were measured, including tail artery systolic pressure, 24-hour proteinuria, offspring and placental weight, levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endothelin-1 (ET-1), placental growth factor (PLGF), and soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) in serum, and expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-related X protein (Bax) in placental trophoblasts. Results TIIA treatment led to decreased tail artery systolic pressure and 24-hour urine protein levels, increased body and placental weights of offspring, and favorable changes in serum levels of ET-1, sFlt-1, eNOS, and PLGF. Moreover, TIIA treatment resulted in decreased Bax levels and apoptosis in placental trophoblasts, along with increased Bcl-2 levels. Conclusion TIIA can improve the clinical symptoms of preeclampsia in rats induced by l-NAME, alleviate the apoptosis of placental trophoblast cells, and improve vascular endothelial function.
The uptake and utility of a reflective practice group for psychiatry registrars in a state-wide forensic service
Authors: Walker Graham , Sarkar Jaydip , Bhalla Ruchi 
Published: September 2024

Objectives It is essential that mental health clinicians have access to reflective processes where they may understand and make sense of emotional responses to patients, teams, and organisations. The authors share their experience of initiating and successfully running a reflective practice group, framed with Balint principles, for psychiatry registrars working in forensic settings across Victoria. Method We describe the process of setting up a Balint group for this professional population. Qualitative feedback was obtained from group members. The data was analysed thematically, regarding motivating factors for group attendance and feedback post pilot group. Results Overall, feedback on the pilot Balint group was positive, which led to the group being extended for recurring 6-month periods. We share an illustrative example of a complex case which could be formulated in a forensic psychiatry Balint group setting, alongside reflections of the facilitators of the group. Conclusions Reflection is paramount for safe, effective mental health treatment, particularly in the context of forensic psychiatry. Our pilot results highlight areas where the approach of setting up a fledgling Balint group has been successful. We hope to inspire others to engage and participate in routine reflective practice.
Barriers in Accessing Orthodontic Care for Patients with Orofacial Clefts: Insights from a Florida-Based Survey and National Database Analysis
Authors: MacIsaac Molly F. , Wright Joshua M. , Le Nicole K. , Pringle Aleshia J. , Schuster Lindsay A. , Brown Andrew B. , Kochenour William L. , Crisp Taryl O. , Halsey Jordan N. , Alex Rottgers S. 
Published: September 2024

Objective To assess the barriers to obtaining care for patients with orofacial clefts through a survey of Florida-based orthodontists and families and an analysis of the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database. Design A cross-sectional study utilizing multiple-choice questionnaires completed by Florida orthodontists and caregivers of patients who attended a Florida-based cleft and craniofacial clinic. Additionally, data from the PHIS database were analyzed to investigate national factors affecting the age of alveolar bone grafting (ABG). Setting Craniofacial team in Florida Patients/Participants The survey included 39 orthodontists (7.1% response rate) and 48 caregivers (41% response rate) The PHIS study included 1182 patients. Main Outcome Measures Barrier to orthodontic care and age of ABG. Results Orthodontic Survey: Among the surveyed orthodontists, 71% treated cleft/craniofacial patients, 37% accepted Medicaid, and 55% provided pro-bono care. Poor reimbursement was identified as the most common barrier (58%). Caregiver Survey: Most patients were insured by Medicaid (67%), with 55% incurring out-of-pocket expenses. PHIS Database: The average age of ABG was 10.3 years (SD = 3.2). Government funding was associated with a 6.0-month delay in ABG (p = 0.047) and residing in non-Medicaid expanded states was linked to a 6.0-month delay (p = 0.023). Post-Medicaid expansion status was also associated with a delay (p = 0.004) Conclusions Access to oral care is difficult for patients with OFC. Despite both federal and state mandates, many financial and non-financial barriers still exist in accessing orthodontic care and a majority of patients experience significant out-of-pocket expenses despite statutorily mandated insurance coverage.