bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of self-efficacy on decision-making competency through strategic thinking among school leaders in Malaysia
Authors: Anwar Ishak Fakhrul , Ahmad Arshad Darwina , Husin Nurul Sharniza 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The importance of self-efficacy in decision-making plays a vital role, whereas strategic thinking creates a bridge between self-efficacy and decision-making in enhancing decision-making competency. Objective: The study aims to determine the influence of self-efficacy on decision-making through the mediating role of strategic thinking among school leaders. Methodology: The nature of the study is quantitative and the unit of analysis is individual level. The current study focuses on the Malaysian education sector. The survey method was used to collect data through a questionnaire and the target population was the Malaysia National Professional Qualifying for Education Leadership (NPQEL) program. The total population was 3516 and the sample selected from the population is 275. Result: Data was analyzed through SEM-PLS and the results revealed that self-efficacy and strategic thinking had a significant influence on decision making. Similarly, the result of mediation also revealed that strategic thinking contributes to the significant influence between self-efficacy and decision-making. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of cultivating self-efficacy among school leaders to enhance decision-making capability and improve educational outcomes. This research provides valuable understanding for policymakers and practitioners in educational leadership and suggests an approach for future research
Statistical Analysis for Variate Relationships in the South African ECD System
Authors: Venter Lieschen 
Published: September 2024

The comprehensive mapping of the South African early childhood development (ECD) system necessitates extensive statistical analysis to identify and quantify key factors within the country’s unique context. This study employs statistical techniques to analyze data from the 2022 General Household Survey, focusing on children aged newborn to 6 years. Factor analysis, multilevel regression, and structural equation modeling were used to identify five person-level factors (i.e., child health, ECD quality, family structure, welfare income, ECD attendance) and four household-level factors (i.e., food insecurity, home assets, home utilities, housing quality). The final structural equation model demonstrates an excellent fit and explains substantial variance in key outcomes. The findings reveal strong associations between child health and ECD attendance with attendance positively influencing ECD quality. Family structure showed a significant positive association with home assets while welfare income emerged as a significant predictor of multiple outcomes. This nuanced understanding of the South African ECD system highlights the interconnected nature of individual and contextual factors, underscoring the need for holistic approaches to ECD that address both educational and socioeconomic aspects.
α-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Heat Stress and Oxidative Damage in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Adum Aluor , Ademu Lawrence 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Heat stress has become a significant concern for the global poultry industry as a result of climate change. This condition can adversely affect growth, gut health, immune function, production levels, and reproductive performance, and can lead to lipid peroxidation in poultry. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate Interleukin 6 and 10 immune responses, anti-oxidant indices, serum biochemistry, and hepatic and splenic histopathology of heat-stressed broiler chickens supplemented with α-lipoic acid (α-LA) in their diet.
Materials and methods: A total of two hundred and four unsexed day-old Arbor acre broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatment groups and replicated three times to receive α-LA at 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively in a completely randomized design for 42 days after a one-week adjustment period. The average temperature in the morning and afternoon was 27.9℃ and 35.1℃, respectively, while the morning and afternoon humidity was 73.1% and 44.1% respectively. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. At the end of the feeding trial, samples were taken for cytokines (interleukin-6 and 10), anti-oxidant, serum biochemistry, and hepatic and splenic histopathology analyses.
Results: An inverse relationship was observed between pro-inflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines whereby, IL-6 levels decreased while IL-10 levels increased relative to increasing α-LA levels in treatment groups. The treatment groups also indicated an increasing trend with rising levels of α-LA for superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity. The α-LA significantly influenced malondialdehyde production, showing its reduction with rising levels of α-LA. A decrease in serum glucose and low-density lipoproteins was observed with increasing levels of α-LA, while high-density lipoproteins increased with increasing levels of α-LA. Cholesterol, triglycerides, very low-density lipoproteins, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphate remained unchanged across the treatment groups.
Conclusion: α-LA supplementation at 200mg/kg in diet had the highest effects on immune responses of interleukin 6 and 10, antioxidant, serum biochemical indices, and histopathology of heat-stressed broiler chickens.
Code Mixing In Jerome Youtube Videos
Authors: Desi Arintawati  , Aris Hidayatulloh  , Abdul Ayiz  
Published: September 2024

The phenomenon of code mixing is not only found in society, but also on social media such as YouTube. One of the YouTubers in Indonesia who often uses code mixing is Jerome Polin. Jerome Goes to School is one of the contents in his YouTube video, in that content he uses code mixing to communicate with his interlocutors or his audience. Code mixing has three types, namely, insertion, alternation, and congruent lexicalisation. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of code mixing used in Jerome Polin's utterances. This research uses Muysken's (2000) theory to analyse the types of code mixing. The data source for this research was taken from a video on Jerome's YouTube channel called Nihongo Mantappu. The data comes from Jerome Polin's utterances in YouTube content videos. Researcher investigate two data videos from the youtube channel. The first video is entitled Kaget! Di Kampus Ada Stadium!? Keliling Univ No.1 Taiwan(NTU)| Goes to School. The second video is Akhirnya!! Wasedaboys Ke Cambridge University! Campus Tour Naik Kapal!? | World Trip 6. This research uses descriptive qualitative method, the researcher collected data, made analyzes, and made conclusions. The results of this study found a total of 74 code mixing data. The most common type found is insertion and the least type is alternation. Insertion was found 69 (93.24%) data, alternation 1 (1.35%) data, and congruent lexicalisation 4 (5.41%) data.
MARKETING GLOBAL DE PRODUTOS: IMPACTOS DOS FATORES CULTURAIS NAS DECISÕES ESTRATÉGICAS DAS CORPORAÇÕES
Authors: Abreu Jonas 
Published: September 2024

Desde o século XX são demarcadas as estratégias de marketing que tornam possível a existência de uma cadeia mercadológica global em meio às transformações culturais engendradas no sistema de consumo universal. Para demonstrar este fenômeno, este artigo analisa de que forma as estruturas socioculturais influenciaram as decisões das empresas em relação aos produtos em nível mundial, especialmente após a década de 1980. Inicialmente, foi necessário delinear a tendencia por uma atitude cultural universal caracterizada por motivações comuns para o consumo em todos os lugares. Esta circunstância serviu como oportunidade de padronização para os programas de marketing das corporações multinacionais, entretanto se organiza em torno das identidades que delimitam o comportamento de consumo dos grupos sociais em seus territórios de origem. Posteriormente examinamos como o sistema econômico mundial funciona de forma mais homogênea do que a estrutura cultural, pois é definido em modelos operacionais integrados. Isso implica numa contribuição direta do sistema econômico aos aspectos de homogeneização cultural, essenciais ao marketing global. Deste modo, as estratégias de marketing global de produtos podem ser definidas com base em premissas universalistas de consumo, mas também ancoradas nas diferenças culturais entre grupos sociais e os territórios. Por fim, foi possível definir os níveis de produto (local, internacional e global) nos quais as empresas operam seus programas de marketing global. Os fatores culturais explicam a maior parte das adequações de programas de marketing global, pois influenciam o conjunto dos valores sobre a marca e elaboram sua estatura.
Adhesion to use individual protection equipment during the Covid-19 pandemic: a phenomenological study with nurse managers
Authors: Borges Elisabete , Macedo Camilo Ana Paula , De Lima Trindade Letícia 
Published: September 2024

Abstrair
Mirar: Compreender, segundo a percepção dos Enfermeiros Gerentes de um hospital, a adesão ao uso de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPIs) pelos profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia da Covid-19.
Método: Estudo qualitativo fenomenológico, envolvendo 17 Enfermeiros Gerentes de um hospital do Norte de Portugal, durante a primeira onda da pandemia. Para o processamento dos dados, utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada e a análise de conteúdo.
Resultados: Facilitadores da adesão ao uso de EPI; Dificultadores da adesão ao uso de EPI e estratégias que promovem a adesão foram as categorias resultantes.
Conclusão: O medo e a percepção de risco foram os facilitadores que mais impactaram na mudança de comportamentos, enquanto o uso comprometido de EPI foi o maior impeditivo. A supervisão da equipe e da assistência prestada destaca-se como estratégia central dos enfermeiros gerentes. O enfermeiro gerente deve implementar estratégias que promovam mudanças comportamentais e favoreçam a adesão.
Experimental Study on Pavement Performance of Warm High Modulus Mixture WHMM-13
Authors: Zhou Shijun , Zhang Hui , Jia Jiayin , Zhao Menglong , Ai Qin , Tong Lei 
Published: September 2024

In order to solve the dusting and rutting problems of hot mix asphalt mixture during construction and operation, rutting test, bending test, Marshall stability test, freeze-thaw splitting test, uniaxial compression dynamic modulus test, overlay test, and four-point bending fatigue life test are applied on WHMM-13 to study the high-temperature stability, low-temperature cracking resistance, water stability, anti-reflection crack performance and fatigue durability in comparison with HMM-13. The results show that, compared to HMM-13, the dynamic stability and dynamic modulus (45 ℃, 10 Hz) of WHMM- 13 are improved by 10.0% and 47% respectively, and the rutting depth is reduced by 27.3%, indicating that the high temperature stability of WHMM-13 has been greatly improved. As for low temperature cracking resistance, the bending failure strain, stiffness modulus, flexural tensile strength and rupture energy of WHMM-13 are slightly lower than those of HMM-13. As for water stability, the residual stability of WHMM-13 in immersion Marshall test is 87.5%, and the splitting strength is 82.3%, both higher than that of HMM-13. As for anti-reflection crack performance, the total tensile rupture energy of WHMM-13 is 2.32 times that of HMM-13, with cracking resistance index (CRI) increased by 25%, which shows that WHMM-13 has better strength, can effectively prevent the crack from spreading and effectively improve the cracking resistance capacity of asphalt pavement. As for fatigue durability, the fatigue life of WHMM-13 is 5.4% lower than that of HMM-13, with bending stiffness modulus and cumulative dissipation energy reduced by 11.3% and 2.8% respectively, indicating that the fatigue durability of WHMM-13 is slightly reduced.
Fitting Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogenous Variables Model with Lognormal Error Term
Authors: Akanbi Olawale Basheer , Bello Andrew Ojutomori 
Published: September 2024

The conventional Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogenous Variables (ARIMAX (p, d, q)) modsel with Normal Error term requires stringent assumptions of normality of error term and stationarity of the series. These models have found widespread application in multidimensional relationships among economic variables; these assumptions are often violated in practice leading to spurious regression model with poor forecast performance. Thus, this paper is designed to develop an ARIMAX (p, d, q) model with Lognormal Error term capable of analysing time series data even when the assumptions were violated with reasonable forecast performance. The choice of lognormal error term was based on the asymmetric property which overcomes non normality, the long tail and positive limit values properties overcome non stationarity. The dataset used were monthly External Reserves (Million USD), Official Exchange Rate (Naira to USD), Crude Oil Export (Million Barrel per Day) and Crude Oil Price (USD per Barrel). One hundred and twenty (120) observations were used for the modeling process. The proposed ARIMAX (1, 0, 1) with lognormal error term ameliorate the non-normal and non-stationary assumptions. The proposed model performance was compared with conventional ARIMAX (1, 1, 1) with normal error term. Box-Jenkins Time Series procedure was used to model ARIMAX (1, 1, 1) with normal error. The performance of proposed model was tested using Akaike Information Criteria (AIC), Mean Square Forecast Error (MSFE) and Loglikelihood (Loglik) values. The Loglik values of conventional ARIMAX (1, 1, 1) with normal error and proposed ARIMAX (1, 0, 1) with lognormal error term were -240.23 and 1344.47; AIC values were 490.45 and -0.41 while MSFE values were 12.48 and 1.77. The proposed model has the highest Loglik value, smallest AIC and smallest MSFE values when compared with conventional ARIMAX (1, 1, 1) with normal error, hence, the proposed model is considered better. The autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous variables with lognormal error term improved the capability of modeling time series data with better forecast performance even when the assumptions of normality of error term and stationarity of series were violated.
Analysis of Component of Genetic Variance, Combining Ability, Gene Action and Heterotic Response in Rice (Oryza sativa. L)
Authors: Yadav Y. S. , Singh P. K. , Yadav P. K. 
Published: September 2024

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple crop, particularly in Asia, where it feeds more than half the world's population. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for nine traits in a rice breeding experiment with seven lines, three testers, 24 F1 hybrids, and two checks indicated significant variations between treatments, showing significant genetic diversity. General combining ability (GCA) effects revealed that line MTU 1010 and tester NDR 2026 had favorable GCA effects on grain yield per plant, but NDR 2064 and Barani Deep had negative effects. Three crosses, showed considerable favorable benefits on grain yield due to specific combining ability (SCA). Heterosis analysis identified promising crosses, including Gopal Bhag × Prakhar and NDR-2064 × NDR-2026, that demonstrated considerable positive heterosis above the parent and standard varieties Shushk Samrat and Ashwani. These findings emphasize the possibility of specific crosses to improve grain production in rice breeding efforts.
Distinct persistence barriers in two types of ENSO
Authors: Ren Hong‐Li , Jin Fei‐Fei , Tian Ben , Scaife Adam A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractEl Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is usually subject to a persistence barrier (PB) in boreal spring. This study quantifies the PB and then reveals its distinct features in the two types of ENSO, the eastern Pacific (EP) and central Pacific (CP) types. We suggest that the PB of ENSO can be measured by the maximum rate of autocorrelation decline of Niño sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) indices. Results show that the PB of ENSO generally occurs in boreal late spring to early summer in terms of Niño3.4 index, and the EP ENSO has the PB in late spring, while the CP type has the PB in summer. By defining an index to quantify PB intensity of ENSO, we find that the CP ENSO type features a much weaker PB, compared to the EP type, and the PB intensity of equatorial SSTAs is larger over the EP than the western Pacific and the far EP.
Slantwise convection on fluid planets
Authors: O'Neill Morgan E , Kaspi Yohai 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSlantwise convection should be ubiquitous in the atmospheres of rapidly rotating fluid planets. We argue that convectively adjusted lapse rates should be interpreted along constant angular momentum surfaces instead of lines parallel to the local gravity vector. Using Cassini wind observations of Jupiter and different lapse rates to construct toy atmospheres, we explore parcel paths in symmetrically stable and unstable weather layers by the numerically modeled insertion of negatively buoyant bubbles. Low‐Richardson number atmospheres are very susceptible to transient symmetric instability upon local diabatic forcing, even outside of the tropics. We explore parcel paths in symmetrically stable and unstable weather layer environments, the latter by adding thermal bubbles to the weather layer. Parcels that cool in Jupiter's belt regions have particularly horizontal paths, with implications for jetward angular momentum fluxes. These considerations may be relevant to the interpretation of Juno's ongoing observations of Jupiter's weather layer.
Energization of outer radiation belt electrons during storm recovery phase
Authors: Shah Asif , Waters C. L. , Sciffer M. D. , Menk F. W. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe use test particle simulations incorporating an MHD model of ULF wave propagation in the magnetosphere with realistic ionosphere boundary conditions to study electron energization in the dayside outer Van Allen radiation belt, referenced to in situ particle and wave observations. On 7 January 2011 the THEMIS spacecraft detected 3 and 4–5 mHz waves simultaneous with flux enhancement of >10 keV electrons during the early recovery phase of a moderate geomagnetic storm. We find that internal energization of equatorially mirroring electrons via nonresonant ULF wave‐particle interactions can explain these observations. The wave poloidal components cause radial drift of electrons, increasing (decreasing) their kinetic energy as they move inward (outward). Electrons with initial kinetic energies of a few keV can be energized to double these values within an hour by interaction with the 3 mHz waves. The energization rate is somewhat less for the 4–5 mHz waves. An increase in the ionospheric conductance decreases the power of the fast mode wave, reducing radial drift velocities and hence decreasing the rate of energization. The fast mode poloidal field varies with radial distance and longitude, and this also affects energization. Electrons which drift outward encounter a region where the toroidal field due to the field line resonance becomes dominant and produces strong azimuthal drift. These electrons become trapped in an L‐shell range just outward of the resonance region and are not energized.
Assessment of earthquake locations in 3‐D deterministic velocity models: A case study from the Altotiberina Near Fault Observatory (Italy)
Authors: Latorre D. , Mirabella F. , Chiaraluce L. , Trippetta F. , Lomax A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe accuracy of earthquake locations and their correspondence with subsurface geology depends strongly on the accuracy of the available seismic velocity model. Most modern methods to construct a velocity model for earthquake location are based on the inversion of passive source seismological data. Another approach is the integration of high‐resolution geological and geophysical data to construct deterministic velocity models in which earthquake locations can be directly correlated to the geological structures. Such models have to be kinematically consistent with independent seismological data in order to provide precise hypocenter solutions. We present the Altotiberina (AT) seismic model, a three‐dimensional velocity model for the Upper Tiber Valley region (Northern Apennines, Italy), constructed by combining 300 km of seismic reflection profiles, six deep boreholes (down to 5 km depth), detailed data from geological surveys and direct measurements ofPandSwave velocities performed in situ and in laboratory. We assess the robustness of the AT seismic model by locating 11,713 earthquakes with a nonlinear, global‐search inversion method and comparing the probabilistic hypocenter solutions to those calculated in three previously published velocity models, constructed by inverting passive seismological data only. Our results demonstrate that the AT seismic model is able to provide higher‐quality hypocenter locations than the previous velocity models. Earthquake locations are consistent with the subsurface geological structures and show a high degree of spatial correlation with specific lithostratigraphic units, suggesting a lithological control on the seismic activity evolution.
Airborne observations of the microphysical structure of two contrasting cirrus clouds
Authors: O'Shea S. J. , Choularton T. W. , Lloyd G. , Crosier J. , Bower K. N. , Gallagher M. , Abel S. J. , Cotton R. J. , Brown P. R. A. , Fugal J. P. , Schlenczek O. , Borrmann S. , Pickering J. C. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe present detailed airborne in situ measurements of cloud microphysics in two midlatitude cirrus clouds, collected as part of the Cirrus Coupled Cloud‐Radiation Experiment. A new habit recognition algorithm for sorting cloud particle images using a neural network is introduced. Both flights observed clouds that were related to frontal systems, but one was actively developing while the other dissipated as it was sampled. The two clouds showed distinct differences in particle number, habit, and size. However, a number of common features were observed in the 2‐D stereo data set, including a distinct bimodal size distribution within the higher‐temperature regions of the clouds. This may result from a combination of local heterogeneous nucleation and large particles sedimenting from aloft. Both clouds had small ice crystals (<100 µm) present at all levels However, this small ice mode is not present in observations from a holographic probe. This raises the possibility that the small ice observed by optical array probes may at least be in part an instrument artifact due to the counting of out‐of‐focus large particles as small ice. The concentrations of ice crystals were a factor ~10 higher in the actively growing cloud with the stronger updrafts, with a mean concentration of 261 L−1 compared to 29 L−1 in the decaying case. Particles larger than 700 µm were largely absent from the decaying cirrus case. A comparison with ice‐nucleating particle parameterizations suggests that for the developing case the ice concentrations at the lowest temperatures are best explained by homogenous nucleation.