bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal landscape pattern changes and their effects on land surface temperature in greenbelt with semi-arid climate: A case study of the Erbil City, Iraq
Authors: Ismail Suzan , Maliki Hamid 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUrban expansion of cities has caused changes in land use and land cover (LULC) in addition to transformations in the spatial characteristics of landscape structure. These alterations have generated heat islands and rise of land surface temperature (LST), which consequently have caused a variety of environmental issues and threated the sustainable development of urban areas. Greenbelts are employed as an urban planning containment policy to regulate urban expansion, safeguard natural open spaces, and serve adaptation and mitigation functions. And they are regarded as a powerful measure for enhancing urban environmental sustainability. Despite the fact that, the relation between landscape structure change and variation of LST has been examined thoroughly in many studies, but there is a limitation concerning this relation in semi-arid climate and in greenbelts as well, with the lacking of comprehensive research combing both aspects. Accordingly, this study investigated the spatiotemporal changes of landscape pattern of LULC and their relationship with variation of LST within an inner greenbelt in the semi-arid Erbil City of northern Iraq. The study utilized remote sensing data to retrieve LST, classified LULC, and calculated landscape metrics for analyzing spatial changes during the study period. The results indicated that both composition and configuration of LULC had an impact on the variation of LST in the study area. The Pearson’s correlation showed the significant effect of Vegetation 1 type (VH), cultivated land (CU), and bare soil (BS) on LST, as increase of LST was related to the decrease of VH and the increases of CU and BS, while, neither Vegetation 2 type (VL) nor built-up (BU) had any effects. Additionally, the spatial distribution of LULC also exhibited significant effects on LST, as LST was strongly correlated with landscape indices for VH, CU, and BS. However, for BU, only aggregation index metric affected LST, while none of VL metrics had a relation. The study provides insights for landscape planners and policymakers to not only develop more green spaces in greenbelt but also optimize the spatial landscape patterns to reduce the influence of LST on the urban environment, and further promote sustainable development and enhance well-being in the cities with semi-arid climate.
The provision of abortion in Australia: service delivery as a bioethical concern
Authors: Emmerich Nathan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite significant progress in the legalization and decriminalization of abortion in Australia over the past decade or more recent research and government reports have made it clear that problems with the provision of services remain. This essay examines such issues and sets forth the view that such issues can and should be seen as (bio)ethical concerns. Whilst conscientious objection—the right to opt-out of provision on the basis of clear ethical reservations—is a legally and morally permissible stance that healthcare professionals can adopt, this does not mean those working in healthcare can simply elect not to be providers absent a clear ethical rationale. Furthermore, simple non-provision would seem to contravene the basic tenants of medical professionalism as well as the oft raised claims of the healthcare professions to put the needs of patients first. Recognizing that much of the progress that has been made over the past three decades can be attributed to the efforts of dedicated healthcare professionals who have dedicated their careers to meeting the profession’s collective responsibilities in this area of women’s health and reproductive healthcare, this paper frames the matter as a collective ethical lapse on the part of healthcare professionals, the healthcare professions and those involved in the management of healthcare institutions. Whilst also acknowledging that a range of complex factors have led to the present situation, that a variety of steps need to be taken to ensure the proper delivery of services that are comprehensive, and that there has been an absence of critical commentary and analysis of this topic by bioethicists, I conclude that there is a need to (re)assess the provision of abortion in Australia at all levels of service delivery and for the healthcare professions and healthcare professionals to take lead in doing so. That this ought to be done is clearly implied by the healthcare profession’s longstanding commitment to prioritizing the needs of patient over their own interests.
Comments on Nobuo Okishio’s review of Piero Sraffa’s Production of commodities by means of commodities (1960)
Authors: Kurz Heinz D. , Salvadori Neri 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this note we scrutinize and comment on Nobuo Okishio’s review of Piero Sraffa’s Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities. We limit ourselves only to observations by Okishio which we consider debatable. These concern in particular his treatment of wages in the price equations, his interpretation of Sraffa’s Standard commodity and his criticism of the marginalist theory of value and distribution.
Cross-pollination of knowledge for object detection in domain adaptation for industrial automation
Authors: Rehman Anwar Ur , Gallo Ignazio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractArtificial Intelligence is revolutionizing industries by enhancing efficiency through real-time Object Detection (OD) applications. Utilizing advanced computer vision techniques, OD systems automate processes, analyze complex visual data, and facilitate data-driven decisions, thus increasing productivity. Domain Adaptation for OD has recently gained prominence for its ability to recognize target objects without annotations. Innovative approaches that merge traditional cross-disciplinary domain modeling with cutting-edge deep learning have become essential in addressing complex AI challenges in real-time scenarios. Unlike traditional methods, this study proposes a novel, effective Cross-Pollination of Knowledge (CPK) strategy for domain adaptation inspired by botanical processes. The CPK approach involves merging target samples with source samples at the input stage. By incorporating a random and unique selection of a few target samples, the merging process enhances object detection results efficiently in domain adaptation, supporting detectors in aligning and generalizing features with the source domain. Additionally, this work presents the new Planeat digit recognition dataset, which includes 231 images. To ensure robust comparison, we employ a self-supervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) method that simultaneously trains target and source domains using unsupervised techniques. UDA method leverages target data to identify high-confidence regions, which are then cropped and augmented, adapting UDA for effective OD. The proposed CPK approach significantly outperforms existing UDA techniques, improving mean Average Precision (mAP) by 10.9% through rigorous testing on five diverse datasets across different conditions- cross-weather, cross-camera, and synthetic-to-real. Our code is publicly availablehttps://github.com/anwaar0/CPK-Object-Detection
Disaster-Funny in Postdigital Age: Memesis and the Composite Nature of Humor in Crisis
Authors: El Maarouf Farouk 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses contemporary comedy as a nuanced reflection of societal moods shaped by ongoing struggles and universal human predicaments. Introducing the concept of memesis, the study dwells into its postdigital manifestations and impact on individuals involved in meme creation and consumption. Amid societal crises, humor emerges as a coping mechanism and a mode of communication, providing solace to those affected. The analysis of ‘disaster-funny’ reveals how disasters can elicit laughter and agony, among other things. Examining memes’ role in altering perceptions of catastrophic events, the paper illustrates how memetic humor reflects societal anxieties and trivializes dire situations. Memesis is portrayed as a self-deprecating mechanism navigating the inherent anxieties in creating and consuming humorous content during crises. The paper concludes by emphasizing the transient nature of laughter, temporarily mitigating tragedy while leaving underlying anxieties intact, resulting in a complex emotional experience.
Semi-implicit-Type Order-Adaptive CAT2 Schemes for Systems of Balance Laws with Relaxed Source Term
Authors: Macca Emanuele , Boscarino Sebastiano 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present two semi-implicit-type second-order compact approximate Taylor (CAT2) numerical schemes and blend them with a local a posteriori multi-dimensional optimal order detection (MOOD) paradigm to solve hyperbolic systems of balance laws with relaxed source terms. The resulting scheme presents the high accuracy when applied to smooth solutions, essentially non-oscillatory behavior for irregular ones, and offers a nearly fail-safe property in terms of ensuring the positivity. The numerical results obtained from a variety of test cases, including smooth and non-smooth well-prepared and unprepared initial conditions, assessing the appropriate behavior of the semi-implicit-type second order CATMOOD schemes. These results have been compared in the accuracy and the efficiency with a second-order semi-implicit Runge-Kutta (RK) method.
Correlation of the solubility of isoniazid in some aqueous cosolvent mixtures using different mathematical models
Authors: Cuellar-Carmona Yasser Leonid , Cerquera Nestor Enrique , Cardenas-Torres Rossember Edén , Ortiz Claudia Patricia , Martínez Fleming , Delgado Daniel Ricardo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSolubility is one of the most important physicochemical properties, because it is related to some industrial processes such as: formulation, preformulation, purification and quantification. The experimental determination of solubility requires rigorous processes that involve a significant amount of resources. In this context, mathematical models allow estimating solubility under conditions different from the experimental ones from a limited number of data. The objective of this research was to evaluate the pertinence of 10 mathematical models (Extended Hildebrand, van’t Hoff, Two-parameter Weibull, Buchowski–Ksiazczak $$\lambda h$$

λ
h

, van’t Hoff-Yaws, Apelblat, Wilson, NRTL, Modified Wilson and van’t Hoff-Modified Wilson) in the calculation of the solubility of isoniazid in PEG 200 (1) + Water (2) cosolvent mixtures, the parameters of each model were calculated using Python, Pandas and the NumPy and SciPy library. Once each model was evaluated, two models were defined as the best alternatives based on their predictive power and mathematical simplicity. Thus, the van’t Hoff and Modified Wilson models were combined to obtain an equation that allows the calculation of solubility as a function of temperature and cosolvent composition, obtaining MRD% less than 3.0. In conclusion, mathematical models represent a good prediction tool being a potential alternative in relation to the optimization of some industrial processes related to solubility.
Extended length of stay in an Australian private psychiatric hospital: an observational study of patient, clinical, and treatment characteristics
Authors: Nadjidai Sarah E. , Jester Lucas , King Joel A. , Dowling Nathan L. , Radford Georgia , Ng Chee H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Patient extended length of stay has been scarcely studied in Australian inpatient psychiatric units (IPUs). Previous research has focused on public IPUs, however, private IPUs also care for a large proportion of people with mental illness.

Objectives
This study aimed to identify patient, clinical, and treatment characteristics associated with ELOS within a private IPU and compare these characteristics with those of public IPUs. It is hypothesised that patients with ELOS will have complex characteristics such as high unemployment status, multiple psychiatric diagnoses and physical health comorbidities.

Method
This cross-sectional study examined characteristics of ELOS in a private Australian IPU between 1st July 2018 and 30th July 2019. A retrospective patient file audit collected characteristics of ELOS patients.

Results
Of the 54 ELOS patients (M = 42.52 years [18.62]) admitted, the average LOS was 55.04 days (SD = 4.4 days). Most patients were female (77.8%), single (44.4%) and their income status was unemployed (25.9%), employed (24.1%) and pensioner (22.2%). The most prevalent psychiatric diagnoses were major depressive disorder (29.6%), eating disorder (24.1%), alcohol or substance use disorder (7.4%), and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (7.4%) respectively.

Conclusion
This study highlights patient, clinical, and treatment characteristics prevalent among private inpatients with ELOS. Future research should examine whether these are distinct from admissions that are not prolonged, with the aim to identify and reduce ELOS, and improve patient recovery, hospital flow and capacity.
Clinical implications of a physiologic approach to paediatric high-frequency oscillatory ventilation
Authors: de Jager Pauline , Markhorst Dick G. , Cheifetz Ira M. , Curley Martha A.Q. , Kneyber Martin C.J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPaediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is a manifestation of severe, life-threatening lung injury necessitating mechanical support. However, if inappropriately set and not tailored to the respiratory system mechanics of the individual patient, mechanical support of breathing can lead to ventilator-induced lung injury. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is, at least theoretically, a justifiable mode to be considered to limit lung stress and strain, especially in patients severe PARDS. However, these theoretical benefits have not been translated into improved clinical outcomes. In addition, in adult ARDS HFOV is associated with harm. However, an important question is whether the results of the exisitng randomised clinical trials confirm that HFOV is not beneficial, and its use should be discouraged, or if it is a matter of how the oscillator was used that determins patient outcomes. Currently, HFOV is mainly used as a rescue mode of ventilation and titration of HFOV settings is mainly based on manufacturer’s recommendations, personal beliefs, and institutional preferences. We propose in this perspective a physiology-driven, open-lung strategy for paediatric HFOV for patients with moderate to severe lung disease to avoid injurious conventional ventilation settings, making use of lung recruitment manoeuvres, and setting high oscillatory frequencies to deliver the smallest distal pressure amplitudes. This approach has been shown feasible and safe in children, but needs evaluateion for efficacy. Future investigations should also explore HFOV weaning and monitoring during HFOV.
Review on synergizing the Metaverse and AI-driven synthetic data: enhancing virtual realms and activity recognition in computer vision
Authors: Rajendran Megani , Tan Chek Tien , Atmosukarto Indriyati , Ng Aik Beng , See Simon 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Metaverse’s emergence is redefining digital interaction, enabling seamless engagement in immersive virtual realms. This trend’s integration with AI and virtual reality (VR) is gaining momentum, albeit with challenges in acquiring extensive human action datasets. Real-world activities involve complex intricate behaviors, making accurate capture and annotation difficult. VR compounds this difficulty by requiring meticulous simulation of natural movements and interactions. As the Metaverse bridges the physical and digital realms, the demand for diverse human action data escalates, requiring innovative solutions to enrich AI and VR capabilities. This need is underscored by state-of-the-art models that excel but are hampered by limited real-world data. The overshadowing of synthetic data benefits further complicates the issue. This paper systematically examines both real-world and synthetic datasets for activity detection and recognition in computer vision. Introducing Metaverse-enabled advancements, we unveil SynDa’s novel streamlined pipeline using photorealistic rendering and AI pose estimation. By fusing real-life video datasets, large-scale synthetic datasets are generated to augment training and mitigate real data scarcity and costs. Our preliminary experiments reveal promising results in terms of mean average precision (mAP), where combining real data and synthetic video data generated using this pipeline to train models presents an improvement in mAP (32.35%), compared to the mAP of the same model when trained on real data (29.95%). This demonstrates the transformative synergy between Metaverse and AI-driven synthetic data augmentation.
Is the Run, Hide, Fight Concept Effective in Improving Hospital Response to Shooting Incidents? A Systematic Review
Authors: Rummaneethorn Natcha , Taubman Cara , Adamakos Frosso 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The recent rise of active shootings calls for adequate preparation. Currently, the “Run, Hide, Fight” concept is widely accepted and adopted by many hospitals nationwide. Unfortunately, the appropriateness of this concept in hospitals is uncertain due to lack of data. To understand the “Run, Hide, Fight” concept application in hospitals, a review of currently available data is needed. A systematic review was done focusing on the “Run, Hide, Fight” concept using multiple databases from the past 12 years. The PRISMA flow diagram was used to systematically select the articles based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The measurements were subjective evaluations and survival probabilities post-concept. One agent-based modeling study suggested a high survival probability in non-medical settings. However, there is a paucity of data supporting its effectiveness and applicability in hospitals. Literature suggests a better suitable concept, the “Secure, Preserve, Fight” concept, as a response protocol to active shootings in hospitals. The effectiveness of the “Run, Hide, Fight” concept in hospitals is questionable. The “Secure, Preserve, Fight” concept was found to be designed more specifically for hospitals and closes the gaps on the flaws in the “Run, Hide, Fight” concept.
Minimal zero entropy subshifts can be unrestricted along any sparse set
Authors: PAVLOV RONNIE 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe present a streamlined proof of a result essentially presented by the author in [Some counterexamples in topological dynamics. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.28(4) (2008), 1291–1322], namely that for every set
$S = \{s_1, s_2, \ldots \} \subset \mathbb {N}$
of zero Banach density and finite set A, there exists a minimal zero-entropy subshift
$(X, \sigma )$
so that for every sequence
$u \in A^{\mathbb {Z}}$
, there is
$x_u \in X$
with
$x_u(s_n) = u(n)$
for all
$n \in \mathbb {N}$
. Informally, minimal deterministic sequences can achieve completely arbitrary behavior upon restriction to a set of zero Banach density. As a corollary, this provides counterexamples to the polynomial Sarnak conjecture reported by Eisner [A polynomial version of Sarnak’s conjecture. C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris353(7) (2015), 569–572] which are significantly more general than some recently provided by Kanigowski, Lemańczyk and Radziwiłł [Prime number theorem for analytic skew products. Ann. of Math. (2)199 (2024), 591–705] and by Lian and Shi [A counter-example for polynomial version of Sarnak’s conjecture. Adv. Math.384 (2021), Paper no. 107765] and shows that no similar result can hold under only the assumptions of minimality and zero entropy.
Stability in the category of smooth mod-p representations of
Authors: Ardakov Konstantin , Schneider Peter 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Let

$p \geq 5$

be a prime number, and let

$G = {\mathrm {SL}}_2(\mathbb {Q}_p)$

. Let

$\Xi = {\mathrm {Spec}}(Z)$

denote the spectrum of the centre Z of the pro-p Iwahori–Hecke algebra of G with coefficients in a field k of characteristic p. Let

$\mathcal {R} \subset \Xi \times \Xi $

denote the support of the pro-p Iwahori

${\mathrm {Ext}}$

-algebra of G, viewed as a

$(Z,Z)$

-bimodule. We show that the locally ringed space

$\Xi /\mathcal {R}$

is a projective algebraic curve over

${\mathrm {Spec}}(k)$

with two connected components and that each connected component is a chain of projective lines. For each Zariski open subset U of

$\Xi /\mathcal {R}$

, we construct a stable localising subcategory

$\mathcal {L}_U$

of the category of smooth k-linear representations of G.
ROMANS AT BESA: NEW LIGHT ON AN ATHENIAN DEME IN THE IMPERIAL PERIOD
Authors: Kouremenos Anna , Mitropoulos Giorgos 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article presents an overview of Roman citizens registered in the small Attic deme of Besa. The epigraphic record indicates that three Roman emperors—Hadrian, Commodus and Severus Alexander—were enrolled as citizens in this deme, as was the influential eastern magnate G. Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappos and several men who dominated Athenian politics during the High Imperial period. We argue that Hadrian's enrolment and repeated sojourns in Athens encouraged various individuals—including two of his successors—to join this deme, but why did the emperor himself choose Besa and not a larger, more important deme in the city's civic centre? Consequently, where did he live while serving as eponymous archon of Athens in 111/112 and later during his visits to the city as emperor? By synthesizing epigraphic, literary, archaeological and environmental sources, this paper offers the first comprehensive examination of Besa and its Roman citizens, highlighting the deme's significance within imperial Athens and the broader Roman empire. Finally, it suggests avenues for further interdisciplinary research in the study of this region of south Attica.
Sumptuary Laws, Gender, and Public Dressing in Early Modern Genoa
Authors: Howie Ana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article explores sumptuary legislation and its enforcement in early modern Genoa. Whereas the sumptuary laws from other early modern Italian city-states partitioned society by social rank, profession, or citizenship, the laws in effect in late sixteenth-century Genoa divided the population only into men and women. Genoa therefore represents a key site for exploring gender difference through dress and adornment. Adopting a gendered, sociological, and material culture framework, this article demonstrates how sumptuary laws informed understandings of gender and gendered practices of dressing. It takes as its point of departure a ledger of sumptuary denouncements for the year 1594, and examines how Genoa’s citizens adhered to, or transgressed the gendered expectations set out by the city’s legislative structures. It argues that while prescriptions for idealized masculine and feminine comportment coloured the content and wording of the law, in daily life a spectrum of gendered identities could be enacted through clothing. This article thus advances discourse on the impact of sumptuary laws on understandings of gender in early modern Italy, and the ways in which masculine and feminine identifications were negotiated through and in dialogue with clothing.