bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes mellitus, superoxide dismutase and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma polymorphisms modify the outcome of end‐stage renal disease patients of Han Chinese origin
Authors: Chao Chia‐Ter , Huang Jenq‐Wen , Chiang Chih‐Kang , Chen Yen‐Ching , Fang Cheng‐Chung , Hu Fu‐Chang , Chang Chen‐Chih , Yen Chung‐Jen 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimIncreased oxidative stress significantly modifies the outcome of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), and is counteracted by antioxidative capacity. We aimed to investigate whether antioxidant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence the outcome of ESRD individuals and the influences exerted by DM, which has not been tested before.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled multi‐centre ESRD patients of Han Chinese origin between 2002 and 2003, recording their antioxidant (superoxide dismutase [SOD2], glutathione peroxidase [GPX1]) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐γ (PPAR‐γ) genotyping results, and stratified based on DM. They were followed up until 2008, with risk factors for mortality analyzed by Cox proportional hazard regression.ResultsWe discovered that diabetic ESRD carriers of CC genotype of SOD2 exon 2 had an increased risk of mortality compared to non‐diabetic ones with other genotypes (hazard ratio [HR] 4.04, P = 0.04), while GPX1 SNPs had no influence. Interactions between SOD2 and PPAR‐γ SNPs regarding the mortality influence were also detected (for SOD2 CC genotype x PPAR‐γ exon 6 CT genotype, HR 3.19, P = 0.008), suggesting the importance of considering a combination panel of SNPs on patient survival.ConclusionThis might be the largest study focusing on the relationship between antioxidant SNPs and the outcomes of diabetic ESRD patients of Han Chinese origin. More studies are needed to validate our findings.
Schwannoma‐like tumor in the anterior cranial fossa immunonegative for Leu7 but immunopositive for Schwann/2E
Authors: Bohoun Christian Aïssè , Terakawa Yuzo , Goto Takeo , Tanaka Sayaka , Kuwae Yuko , Ohsawa Masahiko , Morisako Hiroki , Nakajo Kosuke , Sato Hidetoshi , Ohata Kenji , Yokoo Hideaki 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSchwannoma arising from the olfactory system, often called olfactory groove schwannoma (OGS), is rare, as the olfactory bulb and tract, belonging to the central nervous system, should lack Schwann cells. Another rare entity called olfactory ensheathing cell tumor (OECT) has been reported, which mimics clinical and radiological characteristics of OGS. Here, we report two rare cases of schwannoma‐like tumor in the anterior cranial fossa that showed negative staining for Leu7, but positive staining for Schwann/2E, and discuss their origin. Two cases of mass lesions in the anterior cranial fossa in a 26‐year‐old man and a 24‐year‐old woman were successfully removed. Morphological examination of these tumors was compatible with a diagnosis of schwannoma. Immunohistochemically, both cases were negative for Leu7, yielding a diagnosis of OECT, but were positive for the schwannoma‐specific marker, Schwann/2E. Immunohistochemical staining results in our two cases question the current assumption that OGS and OECT can be distinguished only by Leu7 staining pattern. In conclusion, the origins of OGS and OECT remain to be determined, and further studies in larger numbers of cases are needed to characterize these rare tumors in the anterior cranial fossa.
Leaf gas films contribute to rice (Oryza sativa) submergence tolerance during saline floods
Authors: Herzog Max , Konnerup Dennis , Pedersen Ole , Winkel Anders , Colmer Timothy David 
Published: December 2016

AbstractFloods and salinization of agricultural land adversely impact global rice production. We investigated whether gas films on leaves of submerged rice delay salt entry during saline submergence. Two‐week‐old plants with leaf gas films (+GF) or with gas films experimentally removed (−GF) were submerged in artificial floodwater with 0 or 50 mm NaCl for up to 16 d. Gas films were present >9 d on GF plants after which gas films were diminished. Tissue ion analysis (Na+, Cl− and K+) showed that gas films caused some delay of Na+ entry, as leaf Na+ concentration was 36–42% higher in −GF leaves than +GF leaves on days 1–5. However, significant net uptakes of Na+ and Cl−, and K+ net loss, occurred despite the presence of gas films, indicating the likely presence of some leaf‐to‐floodwater contact, so that the gas layer must not have completely separated the leaf surfaces from the water. Natural loss and removal of gas films resulted in severe declines in growth, underwater photosynthesis, chlorophylla and tissue porosity. Submergence was more detrimental to leaf PN and growth than the additional effect of 50 mm NaCl, as salt did not significantly affect underwater PN at 200 μm CO2 nor growth.
Herbivore perception decreases photosynthetic carbon assimilation and reduces stomatal conductance by engaging 12‐oxo‐phytodienoic acid, mitogen‐activated protein kinase 4 and cytokinin perception
Authors: Meza‐Canales Ivan D. , Meldau Stefan , Zavala Jorge A. , Baldwin Ian T. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHerbivory‐induced changes in photosynthesis have been documented in many plant species; however, the complexity of photosynthetic regulation and analysis has thwarted progress in understanding the mechanism involved, particularly those elicited by herbivore‐specific elicitors. Here, we analysed the early photosynthetic gas exchange responses in Nicotiana attenuata plants after wounding and elicitation with Manduca sexta oral secretions and the pathways regulating these responses. Elicitation with M. sexta oral secretions rapidly decreased photosynthetic carbon assimilation (AC) in treated and systemic (untreated, vascularly connected) leaves, which were associated with changes in stomatal conductance, rather than with changes in Rubisco activity and 1‐5 ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate turnover. Phytohormone profiling and gas exchange analysis of oral secretion‐elicited transgenic plants altered in phytohormone regulation, biosynthesis and perception, combined with micrografting techniques, revealed that the local photosynthetic responses were mediated by 12‐oxo‐phytodienoic acid, while the systemic responses involved interactions among jasmonates, cytokinins and abscisic acid signalling mediated by mitogen‐activated protein kinase 4. The analysis also revealed a role for cytokinins interacting with mitogen‐activated protein kinase 4 in CO2‐mediated stomatal regulation. Hence, oral secretions, while eliciting jasmonic acid‐mediated defence responses, also elicit 12‐oxo‐phytodienoic acid‐mediated changes in stomatal conductance and AC, an observation illustrating the complexity and economy of the signalling that regulates defence and carbon assimilation pathways in response to herbivore attack.
Insights into Light‐driven DNA Repair by Photolyases: Challenges and Opportunities for Electronic Structure Theory
Authors: Faraji Shirin , Dreuw Andreas 
Published: December 2016

AbstractUltraviolet radiation causes two of the most abundant mutagenic and cytotoxic DNA lesions: cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6‐4 photoproducts. (6‐4) Photolyases are light‐activated enzymes that selectively bind to DNA and trigger repair of mutagenic 6‐4 photoproducts via photoinduced electron transfer from flavin adenine dinucleotide anion (FADH−) to the lesion triggering repair. This review provides an overview of the sequential steps of the repair process, that is light absorption and resonance energy transfer, photoinduced electron transfer and electron‐induced splitting mechanisms, with an emphasis on the role of theory and computation. In addition, theoretical calculations and physical properties that can be used to classify specific mechanism are discussed in an effort to trace the fundamental aspects of each individual step and assist the interpretation of experimental data. The current challenges and suggested future directions are outlined for each step, concluding with a view on the future.
Conformational and Intermolecular Interaction Dynamics of Photolyase/Cryptochrome Proteins Monitored by the Time‐Resolved Diffusion Technique
Authors: Kondoh Masato , Terazima Masahide 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCryptochrome (CRY), a blue light sensor protein, possesses a similar domain structure to photolyase (PHR) that, upon absorption of light, repairs DNA damage. In this review, we compare the reaction dynamics of these systems by monitoring the reaction kinetics of conformational change and intermolecular interaction change based on time‐dependent diffusion coefficient measurements obtained by using the pulsed laser‐induced transient grating technique. Using this method, time‐dependent biomolecular interactions, such as transient dissociation reactions in solution, have been successfully detected in real time. Conformational change in (6‐4) PHR has not been detected after the photoexcitation by monitoring the diffusion coefficient. However, the repaired DNA dissociates from PHR with a time constant of 50 μs, which must relate to a minor conformational change. However, CRY exhibits a considerable diffusion change with a time constant of 400 ms, which indicates that the protein–solvent interaction is changed by the conformational change. The C‐terminal domain of CRY is shown to be responsible for this change.
A new device to inseminate cows at the base of the uterine horns
Authors: García‐Peña O , Rangel‐Santos R , Rodríguez‐De Lara R , Apodaca‐Sarabia CA , Maldonado‐Simán E 
Published: December 2016

ContentA new device (Chapingo device) to deposit semen at the base of the uterine horns of cattle was developed at Universidad Autonoma Chapingo, Mexico. Nine Holstein heifers were inseminated by transvaginal laparoscopy, using a laparoscope for cattle and the Chapingo device. A dose of sexed semen (2.1 × 106 spermatozoa) was deposited at the base of the uterine horn ipsilateral to the ovary where the preovulatory follicle was identified. Insemination was achieved in all the heifers, taking on average 13.7 ± 3.1 min per animal. In all cases, it was possible to see both ovaries, the base of the uterine horns and the oviducts. After the procedure, none of the heifers showed any type of complications such as haemorrhage, adhesions or trauma. On days 21 and 22 after insemination, four of the nine heifers (44.4%) returned into oestrus; on day 30 after insemination, one heifer was found to be pregnant by ultrasound. The results show the feasibility of generating pregnancies by transvaginal laparoscopy in heifers inseminated with sexed semen.
Isolation, proliferation and characterization of endometrial canine stem cells
Authors: De Cesaris V , Grolli S , Bresciani C , Conti V , Basini G , Parmigiani E , Bigliardi E 
Published: December 2016

ContentsIn the last decade, progenitor cells isolated from dissociated endometrial tissue have been the subject of many studies in several animal species. Recently, endometrial cells showing characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been demonstrated in human, pig and cow uterine tissue samples. The aim of this study was the isolation and characterization of stromal cells from the endometrium of healthy bitches, a tissue that after elective surgery is routinely discarded. Multipotent stromal cells could be isolated from all bitches enrolled in the study (n = 7). The multipotency of cells was demonstrated by their capacity to differentiate into adipocytic, osteocytic and chondrocytic lineages. Clonogenicity and cell proliferation ability were also tested. Furthermore, gene expression analysis by RT‐PCR was used to compare the expression of a set of genes (CD44, CD29, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD13, CD133, CD73, CD31 CD105, Oct4) with adipose tissue‐derived MSC. Stromal cells isolated from uterine endometrium showed similar morphology, ability of subculture and plasticity, and also expressed a panel of genes comparable with adipose tissue‐derived MSC. These data suggest that endometrial stromal cells fulfil the basic criteria proposed by the “Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee of the International Society for Cellular Therapy” for the identification of mesenchymal stem cells. Although endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSC) showed a lower replicative ability in comparison with adipose tissue‐derived MSC, they could be considered a cell therapeutic agent alternative to adipose tissue or bone marrow‐derived MSC in dog.
Evaluation of epididymis storage temperature and cryopreservation conditions for improved mitochondrial membrane potential, membrane integrity, sperm motility and in vitro fertilization in bovine epididymal sperm
Authors: Nichi M , Rijsselaere T , Losano JDA , Angrimani DSR , Kawai GKV , Goovaerts IGF , Van Soom A , Barnabe VH , De Clercq JBP , Bols PEJ 
Published: December 2016

ContentsThe maintaining of the epididymis at lower temperatures during storage and transport improves sperm quality. Our study aimed to test whether epididymis storage temperature (post‐mortem) and sperm cryopreservation affect sperm kinetics, membrane integrity, mitochondrial potential and fertility capacity. Thirty‐six epididymides were collected from 18 bulls after slaughter and divided into two groups: at 4 or 34°C for 2–3 hr. The sperm was collected from the epididymis cauda. The evaluation consisted of computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA), SYBR14/PI/JC1 to evaluate membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and measurement of lipid peroxidation (TBARS). The sperm was then frozen using an automatic device. After thawing, sperm samples were evaluated by the same variables and further in vitro fertilization rates. Cryopreservation negatively affected sperm motility in samples stored at 4 and 34°C. Nevertheless, the 4°C samples yielded higher rates of blastocyst formation. Pre‐freeze sperm motility, progressive motility and velocity were higher in sperm from epididymis stored at 4°C while post‐thaw sperm motility, progressive motility and velocity remained the same among samples from epididymis stored at 4 or 34°C. However, with regard to the kinetic patterns, samples collected from epididymis stored at 34°C had lower values when compared to those stored at 4°C prior the cryopreservation process. Our results indicate that epididymis handling conditions after cryopreservation may affect sperm quality after thawing, especially due to compromised MMP in sperm collected from epididymis stored at higher temperatures.
A kidney transplant recipient with renal medullary viral cytopathic changes
Authors: Ramanan Poornima , Timmerman Elizabeth A. , Fidler Mary E. , Amer Hatem , Pritt Bobbi S. , Schwab Dale A. , Batterman Hollis J. , Binnicker Matthew J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe present a case of JC polyomavirus (JCV)‐associated nephropathy (PyVAN) in an asymptomatic deceased‐donor kidney transplant recipient. Despite the presence of viral cytopathic effect in the kidney biopsy and positive BK polyomavirus (BKV) in situ hybridization (ISH), BKV real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results of plasma and urine were negative. JCV ISH was performed and was found to be positive. JCV real‐time PCR on urine, plasma, and the kidney biopsy tissue was positive. Reduction in immunosuppression resulted in resolution of JCV viremia. This case highlights that JC‐PyVAN is a distinct clinical entity and is likely to have a better clinical outcome than BK‐PyVAN. Concurrent infection with BKV and JCV may occur, but may be difficult to confirm due to the potential for cross‐reactivity between BKV and JCV ISH stains.
Comparison of the effects of a balanced crystalloid‐based and a saline‐based tetrastarch solution on canine whole blood coagulation and platelet function
Authors: Reuteler Annina , Axiak‐Flammer Shannon , Howard Judith , Adamik Katja‐Nicole 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of a 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.42) solution in either a buffered, electrolyte‐balanced (HES‐BAL), or a saline (HES‐SAL) carrier solution on canine platelet function and whole blood coagulation.DesignProspective, randomized study.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsThirty‐seven client‐owned dogs undergoing general anesthesia for arthroscopy or imaging studies.InterventionsDogs received a 15 mL/kg intravenous bolus of HES‐SAL (n= 13), HES‐BAL (n= 14), or a modified Ringer's solution (n= 10) over 30–40 minutes. Coagulation was analyzed using a Platelet Function Analyzer‐100 (closure time [CtPFA]), and whole blood thromboelastometry (ROTEM) with extrinsically (ex‐tem and fib‐tem) and intrinsically (in‐tem) activated assays, which assessed clotting time (CT), clot formation time (CFT), maximal clot firmness (MCF), and lysis index (LI). Coagulation samples were assayed prior to fluid administration (T0), and 5 minutes (T1), and 3 hours (T2) following fluid bolus administration, respectively.ResultsBoth HES solutions resulted in impaired platelet function as indicated by a significant prolongation of CtPFAat T1 as compared to T0, but which resolved by T2. An IV bolus of Ringer's solution did not alter platelet function. In both HES groups, whole blood coagulation was significantly impaired at T1 as indicated by a significant increase in in‐tem CFT, and a significant decrease in ex‐tem, in‐tem, and fib‐tem MCF compared to T0. Furthermore, a significant increase in ex‐tem CFT at T1 compared to T0 was found in the HES‐SAL group. With the exception of in‐tem MCF after HES‐BAL, these effects were not present at T2. No significant differences were found in CtPFAor any ROTEM variable at any time point between HES‐SAL and HES‐BAL.ConclusionAdministration of a single bolus of 15 mL/kg 6% HES 130/0.42 results in significant but short‐lived impairment of canine platelet function and whole blood coagulation, regardless of carrier solution.
Psychosocial Adaptation and Depressive Manifestations in High‐Risk Pregnant Women: Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: Fiskin Gamze , Kaydirak Meltem Mecdi , Oskay Umran Yesiltepe 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundHigh‐risk pregnancy research has focused primarily on psychological well‐being.AimsThe aim is to determine psychosocial adaptation and depression levels of pregnant women who were admitted to hospital with diagnosis of high‐risk pregnancy.MethodsThis study was descriptive. Sampling was composed of 122 high‐risk pregnant women who were hospitalized in the perinatology service of Istanbul University Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between January 1, 2014, and May 31, 2014, and met the study criteria. The Pregnant Introduction Form, Psychosocial Adjustment of Illness Scale‐Self Report, and CES Depression Scale were used.ResultsOf high‐risk pregnant women, 47% were found to have a poor level of psychosocial adaptation and 57% presented with depressive symptoms. There were statistically significant difference found between the levels of psychosocial adaptation and status of depressive manifestations. The difference between the average scores increased as the adaptation levels weaken and the pregnant women with a poor level of psychosocial adaptation showed more depressive manifestations.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that, depending on the high‐risk pregnancy status, pregnant women experience difficulty in adaptation to their current status and pregnant women with a poor level of psychosocial adaptation showed more depressive manifestations.Linking Evidence to ActionNurses should deliver care in high‐risk pregnancies with the awareness of physiological needs as well the psychosocial needs of pregnant women, and information meetings should be held in order to increase the psychosocial support of their families and decrease their tendency toward depression. Nursing initiatives should be developed with further studies for the psychosocial adaptation of high‐risk pregnancy and reduction of the depressive manifestations.
Information Seeking When Problem Solving: Perspectives of Public Health Professionals
Authors: Newman Kristine , Dobbins Maureen , Yost Jennifer , Ciliska Donna 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesGiven the many different types of professionals working in public health and their diverse roles, it is likely that their information needs, information‐seeking behaviors, and problem‐solving abilities differ. Although public health professionals often work in interdisciplinary teams, few studies have explored their information needs and behaviors within the context of teamwork. This study explored the relationship between Canadian public health professionals’ perceptions of their problem‐solving abilities and their information‐seeking behaviors with a specific focus on the use of evidence in practice settings. It also explored their perceptions of collaborative information seeking and the work contexts in which they sought information.MethodsKey Canadian contacts at public health organizations helped recruit study participants through their list‐servs. An electronic survey was used to gather data about (a) individual information‐seeking behaviors, (b) collaborative information‐seeking behaviors, (c) use of evidence in practice environments, (d) perceived problem‐solving abilities, and (e) demographic characteristics.ResultsFifty‐eight public health professionals were recruited, with different roles and representing most Canadian provinces and one territory. A significant relationship was found between perceived problem‐solving abilities and collaborative information‐seeking behavior (r = ‒.44, p < .00, N = 58), but not individual information seeking. The results suggested that when public health professionals take a shared, active approach to problem solving, maintain personal control, and have confidence, they are more likely collaborate with others in seeking information to complete a work task.Linking Evidence to ActionAdministrators of public health organizations should promote collaboration by implementing effective communication and information‐seeking strategies, and by providing information resources and retrieval tools. Public health professionals’ perceived problem‐solving abilities can influence how they collaborate in seeking information. Educators in public health organizations should tailor training in information searching to promote collaboration through collaborative technology systems.
The long-run poverty and gender impacts of mobile money
Authors: Suri Tavneet , Jack William 
Published: December 2016

Substituting minutes for money
In developing countries, bank branches and fixed-line telecommunications are scarce, whereas mobile phones are plentiful. These factors have led to the use of mobile money, whereby money can be deposited to an account linked to a phone, transferred to other users, and converted back into cash. Suri and Jack show that increased access to mobile money has increased long-term consumption in Kenya and reduced the number of households in extreme poverty.

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