bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cost Effective Methodology for Production Metering and Allocation Using Real-Time Virtual Metering in a Mature Offshore Oilfield- A Case Study of the Greater Angostura Field
Authors: Acuna Italo Raffaele 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how the use of production modeling tools coupled with field pressure/temperature (P/T) data acquisition systems and Visual Basics (VBA) programming, was used as a means to improve production allocation and surveillance on a real time basis in the Greater Angostura Field.
An integrated production model was built to represent the production performance of the Angostura field. The model was calibrated to accurately represent pressure, temperature and multiphase flow behavior of each well and the production networks. In order to achieve real time monitoring capabilities, a VBA program was developed to extract specific inputs from the field's data acquisition system and automatically load them into the model to perform user defined calculations continuously. The model outputs include the individual flowrates for all the wells in the field, while honoring mass balance and P/T drops across the production system.
As a result from using this approach, more accurate real time production rates at the well level can be obtained. Production allocation was also improved reducing its error down to less than 10% for all three streams of production. This is crucial for effective reservoir management, simulation, and infill drilling/intervention studies. Finally, this methodology has also allowed undertaking various production optimization efforts which have resulted in above-target production.
This paper shows a practical approach to obtain accurate real-time well production rates without the need of purchasing costly flowmeters for each well. It also demonstrates how virtual metering can be used to identify production optimization opportunities and/or issues in the production system more readily.
Experiment and Simulations of Steam Flooding in Offshore Heavy Oil Reservoir with Bottom Water
Authors: Tian Jie , Liu Huiqing , Pang Zhanxi , Liu Haomin , Lv Xiaocong , Zhao Wei , Wu Yalong , Bai Jie , Dong Mingda 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
LD27-2 block, located in the Bohai Bay, is a heavy oil reservoir with bottom water, average thickness of the oil zone is 18m and the bottom water zone is five times the thickness of oil zone. As the oil viscosity at reservoir temperature is 1000mPa·s, thermal recovery methods are necessary. Steam flooding has been widely used for heavy oil recovery in the worldwide, it can produce oil significantly faster than can the cyclic stimulation process, but can also have a significant economic impact. In order to investigate the effect of steam flooding in LD27-2 block, experiment and simulations of steam flooding are performed in this study.
In this study, parameters of LD27-2 block are transformed into physical model parameters with similarity criteria firstly, and with the high temperature and pressure three-dimensional experiments apparatus, the steam flooding process in LD27-2 block is simulated and production data is achieved. Then, based on the physical model, an identical numerical model is built, and history matching is conducted according to the production data. With this numerical model, a set of numerical simulations are performed to optimize the parameters which have influences on the steam flooding performances, and these optimal parameters are referred back to the real reservoir lastly.
The steam flooding physical simulation shows that the production process can be divided into three stages: in the first stage, oil production increases at rapid speed while water cut goes down slightly (in order to decrease the oil zone pressure and preheat the formation, before the steam flooding, cyclic steam stimulation has been carried out and water cut has gone up greatly); in the second stage, oil production and water cut decrease and increase, respectively; and then they both gradually stabilize in the third stage, and the ultimate recovery is 27.74%(instantaneous oil steam ratio is 0.1). The numerical simulations indicate that the optimal steam injection rate is 60-70mL/min, production injection ratio is 1.3-1.4, height of water avoidance is 4.5cm and the injection and production wells should be deployed at the same height of the reservoir. Based on these results, the optimal parameters for the real reservoir can be confirmed by inversion calculation, in this condition, the ultimate recovery of the LD27-2 block can be more than 36%.
In summary, this study is beneficial for the application of thermal recovery in the LD27-2 block, and it is also a reference for the effective and efficient development of heavy oil reservoirs with bottom water.
Analysis of Completion and Production Strategy for a Horizontal Well with Open Hole Gravel Pack. A Case of Study in Teak Field TSP, East Coast Trinidad
Authors: Martinez-Zuazo I. , Fernandez M. , Medina A. , Segnini-Rodriguez C. J. , Atienza J. , Alkatiri F. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
One of the most critical issues in TSP fields is the unconsolidated character of its sands. Historically, most of the wells drilled in TSP fields, including vertical, deviated and horizontal wells, have been completed with cased hole gravel pack (CHGP). However, over the course of the years, these completions have been known to fail eventually, especially in the case of horizontal completions. Among the failure reasons are the complexity of such operations and the drawdown applied during production.
During the last drilling campaign in 2014, a horizontal well was completed with open hole gravel pack (OHGP). In addition to the change of completion, the production strategy was also modified to delay the water breakthrough and reduce the drawdown. These changes have significantly contributed to increase the production of the asset and opened the opportunity to apply these changes in wells for future campaigns.
The horizontal well, was drilled through unconsolidated sand (Pliocene), where continuous fluid losses were expected to be encountered. During the well project execution it was necessary to create a mitigation plan in order to minimize the risk of fluid loss (rate) circulation before running the lower completion. For this it was necessary to include an isolation valve to control the losses once the packer was confirmed to be set. Normal reservoir pressure, and available facilities, was key factor to decide to include a gas lifting system in the upper completion which was also designed to have the maximum ID as possible for future intervention jobs such as acid stimulation and logging operations. Finally the well was successfully completed in OHGP with no signs of bridging. Based on the results obtained a complete detailed analysis for the pre and post job will be exposed in this document.
This paper outlines the different challenges faced, as well as to highlight the action plans, mitigations and lessons learned encountered during the planning, design, and execution of the completion phase. In addition, a review of the production history of similar completions and the production strategies followed will be discussed. Finally, the results of this well will be summarized and lessons learnt shared.
PENGUATAN KAPASITAS TAHSIN MELALUI METODE NURRANIYAH UNTUK BAGI GURU-GURU PAUD DAN TK DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Mawanti Dwi 
Published: June 2016

<p class="Default"><span>Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat berupa pendampingan dalam pelatihan metode tasin nuroniyahini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan, pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam Metode Tahsin Untuk Anak Usia Dini Bagi Guru-Guru Paud Dan TK Di Kota Semarang. kegiatan ini akan menjadi rangsangan inovatif agar para guru PAUD dapat saling berinteraksi dan brainstorming dalam menyikapi kebutuhan pengenalan yang kian kompleks, khususnya terkait metode tahsin. Khalayak sasaran dalam kegiatan PPM ini adalah guru-guru PAUD dan TK BIAS di Kota Semarang yang berjumlah 15 orang. Pendampingan dalam pengembangan metode tahsin dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, demonstrasi dan latihan yang disertai tanya jawab. Metode ceramah digunakan untuk menjelaskan konsep metode tahsin. Metode demonstrasidipakai untuk menunjukkan suatu proses kerja yaitu tahap-tahap pengembangan pembelajaran tahsin metode nouroniyah, sedangkan metode latihan untuk mempraktikkan pembelajaran metode tahsin. Sementara metode tanya jawab untukmemberi kesempatan para peserta berkonsultasi dalam mengatasi kendala dalam pembelajaran metode tahsin Nuroniyah.Ketersediaan tenaga ahli yang memadai dalam pengembangan pembelajaran metode tahsin bagi guru PAUD dan TK di Kota semarang, antusiasme peserta, dukungan kepala sekolah terhadap pelaksanaan kegiatan dan dana pendukung dari LP2M UIN Walisongo merupakan pendukung terlaksananya kegiatan PPM ini. Adapun kendala yang dihadapi adalah keterbatasan waktu untuk pelatihan.Manfaat yang dapat diperoleh peserta dari kegiatan PPM ini antara lain dapat mengenal metode tahsin Nuroniyah.</span></p>
AKUNTABILITAS LEMBAGA PENGELOLA WAKAF
Authors: Budiman Achmad Arief 
Published: June 2016

<p class="IIABSBARU1">Although wakafÂ has much importance for social living and practiced since a long time ago, but in fact wakaf has not maximally functioned. Still much numbers of people living under poor line level showed this fact. Some causes makeÂ wakaf is not effective. In one side, the cause is related to the human resources, especially in the side of the organizer (nÄáº“ir). Other cause is the weakness of the accountabilityÂ ofÂ wakaf institution. Applying doctrinal and non-doctrinal approach, this research showed that in PKPUÂ the organizer implemented the principle of transparency and accountability in managing waqaf in the institution. The principle of accountability is implemented in the form of audit, both internally and externally by public accountant. Applying the principle of accountability had been increasing the publict trustÂ to the wakaf institution.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Walaupun wakafÂ memiliki arti penting bagi kehidupan sosial dan telah diÂ­praktekkan sejak lama, namun dalam kenyataannya wakaf belum difungsikan secara maksimal. Masih banyaknya anggota masyarakat yang hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan menunjukkan kenyataan ini. Ada beberapa penyebab yang membuat wakaf tidak efektif. Di salah satu sisi, penyebabnya terkait dengan sumber daya manusia, khususnya pada sisi pengelola (<em>nÄáº“ir</em>), Penyebab yang lain adalah lemahnya akuntabilitasÂ dari institusi wakaf. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan doktrinalÂ dan non-doktrinal penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di PKPUÂ pengelola menerapkan prinsip transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam mengelola wakaf di dalam lembaga itu. Prinsip akuntabilitas diimplementasikan dalam bentuk audit, baik internal maupun eksternal oleh akuntan publik. Penerapan prinsip akntabilitas telah meningkatkan kepercayaanÂ publik terhadap lembaga wakaf.
Structural Features of Quercetin Derivatives by Using Pharmaco-phore Modeling Approach
Authors: Mendez Nixon , Alam Md. Afroz 
Published: June 2016

Background:Quercetin which is a natural occurring flavonoid, exert a direct pro-apoptotic effect on tumor cells by blocking the growth of several cancer cell lines at different phases of the cell cycle. Quercetin derivatives have attracted considerable attention for their cytotoxity against human cancer cell lines. In this study the derivatives of Quercetin were used for docking followed by pharmacophore modeling for studying the 3D features and configurations responsible for biological activity of structurally diverse compounds.Objective:To develop a model which depicts the crucial structural features responsible for anti-lung cancer activities.Method:A robust pharmacophore developed for the receptor have been analyzed to identify potential areas of selectivity in the hyperspace of 3D pharmacophores that may lead to the discovery of anti-lung cancer drug or such compounds which could serve as templates for the design of new molecules as potential anti lung cancer agents.Results:The generated best pharmacophore hypothesis yielded a statistically significant 3D-QSAR model, with a correlation coefficient of R2= 0.86 for training set and R2= 0.76 for the test set molecules. The Cross validation regression coefficient is Q2= 0.84 for training set and Q2= 0.5 for test set molecules.Conclusion:The R2and Q2reveals that pharmacophore model provide insights into the structural and chemical features of the EGFR inhibitors of Quercetin derivatives that can be used as lead compound for further synthesis as well as for screening other similar novel inhibitors of EGFR.
Comparison of tensile strength among simple interrupted, cruciate, intradermal, and subdermal suture patterns for incision closure in ex vivo canine skin specimens
Authors: Zellner Eric M. , Hedlund Cheryl S. , Kraus Karl H. , Burton Andrew F. , Kieves Nina R. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare suture placement time, tension at skin separation and suture line failure, and mode of failure among 4 suture patterns.
DESIGN Randomized trial.
SAMPLE 60 skin specimens from the pelvic limbs of 30 purpose-bred Beagles.
PROCEDURES Skin specimens were harvested within 2 hours after euthanasia and tested within 6 hours after harvest. An 8-cm incision was made in each specimen and sutured with 1 of 4 randomly assigned suture patterns (simple interrupted, cruciate, intradermal, or subdermal). Suture placement time and percentage of skin apposition were evaluated. Specimens were mounted in a calibrated material testing machine and distracted until suture line failure. Tensile strength at skin-edge separation and suture-line failure and mode of failure were compared among the 4 patterns.
RESULTS Mean suture placement time for the cruciate pattern was significantly less than that for other patterns. Percentage of skin apposition did not differ among the 4 patterns. Mean tensile strength at skin-edge separation and suture-line failure for the simple interrupted and cruciate patterns were significantly higher than those for the intradermal and subdermal patterns. Mean tensile strength at skin-edge separation and suture-line failure did not differ significantly between the intradermal and subdermal patterns or the simple interrupted and cruciate patterns. The primary mode of failure for the simple interrupted pattern was suture breakage, whereas that for the cruciate, intradermal, and subdermal patterns was tissue failure.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested external skin sutures may be preferred for closure of incisions under tension to reduce risk of dehiscence.
Risk factors for diskospondylitis in dogs after spinal decompression surgery for intervertebral disk herniation
Authors: Canal Sara , Contiero Barbara , Balducci Federica , Calò Pietro , Bernardini Marco 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of and risk factors for development of postoperative diskospondylitis (POD) in dogs that underwent spinal decompression surgery for intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH).
DESIGN Retrospective single cohort study.
ANIMALS 372 dogs that underwent spinal decompression surgery for IVDH between January 2007 and January 2011.
PROCEDURES Medical records of dogs were retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding signalment, type and anatomic site of IVDH, severity of neurologic signs, type of surgery, duration of anesthesia, esophageal temperature during surgery, and use of corticosteroid drugs were analyzed for associations with POD.
RESULTS POD developed in 8 of 372 (2.2%) dogs. Univariate analysis revealed that German Shepherd Dogs had 9.8 times the odds of POD, compared with the odds for other breeds. In addition, dogs > 8.8 years of age, weighing > 20 kg (44 lb), or having disk protrusions were at higher risk of developing POD than were other dogs. The only factor that retained a significant association with POD after controlling for other factors in multivariate analysis was body weight > 20 kg.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Factors identified in this study may be useful for prediction of POD, an apparently uncommon outcome, in dogs undergoing spinal decompression surgery for IVDH. Dogs at higher risk than others, particularly those weighing > 20 kg, should be monitored carefully in the immediate postoperative period, and signs of worsening neurologic condition after initial improvement should be promptly investigated.
Sensitivity, specificity, and interobserver variability of survey thoracic radiography for the detection of heart base masses in dogs
Authors: Guglielmini Carlo , Toaldo Marco Baron , Quinci Manuela , Romito Giovanni , Luciani Alessia , Cipone Mario , Drigo Michele , Diana Alessia 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and interobserver variability of survey thoracic radiography (STR) for the detection of heart base masses (HBMs) in dogs.
DESIGN Retrospective case-control study.
ANIMALS 30 dogs with an HBM and 120 breed-matched control dogs (60 healthy dogs and 60 dogs with heart disease and no HBM).
PROCEDURES In a blinded manner, 2 observers (designated as A and B) evaluated STR views from each dog for a mass-like opacity cranial to the heart, tracheal deviation, cardiomegaly, findings suggestive of pericardial effusion or right-sided congestive heart failure, and soft tissue opacities suggestive of pulmonary metastases. Investigators subsequently provided a final interpretation of each dog's HBM status (definitely affected, equivocal, or definitely not affected).
RESULTS Considering equivocal interpretation as negative or positive for an HBM, the sensitivity of STR for diagnosis of an HBM was 40.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.5% to 57.5%) and 56.7% (95% CI, 38.9% to 74.4%), respectively, for observer A and 63% (95% CI, 46.1% to 80.6%) and 80.0% (95% CI, 65.7% to 94.3%), respectively, for observer B. The corresponding specificity was 96.7% (95% CI, 93.5% to 99.9%) and 92.5% (95% CI, 87.8% to 97.2%), respectively, for observer A and 99.2% (95% CI, 97.5% to 100%) and 92.5% (95% CI, 87.8% to 97.2%), respectively, for observer B. The presence of a mass-like opacity cranial to the heart or tracheal deviation, or both, was significantly associated with a true diagnosis of HBM.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that STR is a highly specific but not a highly sensitive predictor of HBM in dogs.
Clinical diagnosis and surgical management of diaphragmatic retroperitoneal perirenal fat and kidney herniation in a pet rabbit
Authors: Wu Ruey-Shyuan , Chu Che-Chu , Wang Hsien-Chi , Chen Kuan-Sheng 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 6-year-old 2.08-kg (4.58-lb) neutered male Lionhead-mix pet rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was examined because of sneezing and increased respiratory effort.
CLINICAL FINDINGS On the basis of the rabbit's radiographic findings, a diagnosis of diaphragmatic retroperitoneal perirenal fat and kidney herniation was made. Nine months later, physical examination revealed increased respiratory rate and effort and slightly decreased body weight. Thoracic radiography revealed decreased lung aeration and further craniomedial displacement of the right kidney, compared with the initial evaluation findings, suggesting progressive herniation of the retroperitoneal perirenal fat.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOME During exploratory celiotomy, a tear in the right dorsal tendinous portion of the diaphragm was noted. The right kidney and perirenal fat were found to be displaced into the thorax. Diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy was performed after replacement of the right kidney and the perirenal fat in the retroperitoneal space. The rabbit recovered uneventfully from anesthesia and surgery. Clinical signs did not recur during the following 16 months.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE For rabbits with increased respiratory effort, diaphragmatic retroperitoneal perirenal fat and kidney herniation should be included as a differential diagnosis. As illustrated by the case described in this report, appropriate surgical management can provide a successful outcome for affected pet rabbits.
Association of gender and specialty interest with video-gaming, three-dimensional spatial analysis, and entry-level laparoscopic skills in third-year veterinary students
Authors: Bragg Heather R. , Towle Millard Heather A. , Millard Ralph P. , Constable Peter D. , Freeman Lyn J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether gender or interest in pursuing specialty certification in internal medicine or surgery was associated with video-gaming, 3-D spatial analysis, or entry-level laparoscopic skills in third-year veterinary students.
DESIGN Cross-sectional study.
SAMPLE A convenience sample of 68 (42 female and 26 male) third-year veterinary students.
PROCEDURES Participants completed a survey asking about their interest in pursuing specialty certification in internal medicine or surgery. Subsequently, participants’ entry-level laparoscopic skills were assessed with 3 procedures performed in box trainers, their video-gaming skills were tested with 3 video games, and their 3-D spatial analysis skills were evaluated with the Purdue University Visualization of Rotations Spatial Test. Scores were assigned for laparoscopic, video-gaming, and 3-D spatial analysis skills.
RESULTS Significantly more female than male students were interested in pursuing specialty certification in internal medicine (23/42 vs 7/26), and significantly more male than female students were interested in pursuing specialty certification in surgery (19/26 vs 19/42). Males had significantly higher video-gaming skills scores than did females, but spatial analysis and laparoscopic skills scores did not differ between males and females. Students interested in pursuing specialty certification in surgery had higher video-gaming and spatial analysis skills scores than did students interested in pursuing specialty certification in internal medicine, but laparoscopic skills scores did not differ between these 2 groups.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE For this group of students, neither gender nor interest in specialty certification in internal medicine versus surgery was associated with entry-level laparoscopy skills.
Territorialité, institutions et sources fiscales en Flandre maritime au Moyen Age.
Authors: Curveiller Stéphane 
Published: June 2016

A partir de sources fiscales concernant deux châtellenies essentiellement rurales, celles de Bergues et de Bourbourg, l'évolution des pouvoirs et des entités territoriales a pu être appréhendée du XIIIe au XVIe siècle. Aux structures anciennes d'origine féodale, héritage plutôt d'un hinterland plus ou moins dynamique, se superposent sur le littoral flamand des structures nouvelles, des bailliages urbains à la tête desquels on trouve les avant-ports de Gravelines et de Dunkerque, symboles de la politique menée par la famille d'Alsace.
Mais dans cette contrée récemment conquise par l'homme, les conflits surgissent rapidement entre les nouveaux bailliages et les anciennes châtellenies tandis que les intérêts économiques croissants suscitent des rivalités entre les ports littoraux eux-mêmes. Aux taxes anciennes s'ajoutent des taxes plus récentes à caractère économique, preuve supplémentaire que la façade littorale flamande est devenue à la fin du Moyen Age un véritable enjeu entre des Etats modernes en cours de formation. Le réseau urbain n'est-il pas le reflet de cette évolution ?