bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rigorous asymptotics of traveling-wave solutions to the thin-film equation and Tanner’s law
Authors: Giacomelli Lorenzo , Gnann Manuel V , Otto Felix 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We are interested in traveling-wave solutions to the thin-film equation with zero microscopic contact angle (in the sense of complete wetting without precursor) and inhomogeneous mobility

h

3

+

λ

3
−
n

h
n

, where h, λ, and

n
∈

(

3
2

,

7
3

)

denote film height, slip parameter, and mobility exponent, respectively. Existence and uniqueness of these solutions have been established by Maria Chiricotto and the first of the authors in previous work under the assumption of sub-quadratic growth as

h
→
∞

.
In the present work we investigate the asymptotics of solutions as

h
↘
0

(the contact-line region) and

h
→
∞

. As

h
↘
0

we observe, to leading order, the same asymptotics as for traveling waves or source-type self-similar solutions to the thin-film equation with homogeneous mobility h

n
and we additionally characterize corrections to this law. Moreover, as

h
→
∞

we identify, to leading order, the logarithmic Tanner profile, i.e. the solution to the corresponding unperturbed problem with

λ
=
0

that determines the apparent macroscopic contact angle. Besides higher-order terms, corrections turn out to affect the asymptotic law as

h
→
∞

only by setting the length scale in the logarithmic Tanner profile. Moreover, we prove that both the correction and the length scale depend smoothly on n. Hence, in line with the common philosophy, the precise modeling of liquid–solid interactions (within our model, the mobility exponent) does not affect the qualitative macroscopic properties of the film.
The Italian food industry in the era of the TTIP negotiate
Authors: Banterle Alessandro , Cavaliere Alessia , De Marchi Elisa 
Published: July 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to focus, first, on the analysis of recent trends of the European and Italian food industries, and, second, on the possible implications that the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) negotiate can exert on the Italian agri-food system.Design/methodology/approach– The study is based on an in-depth analysis of current economic trends, characteristics of production structure, and the trade balance of Italy-USA commercial relationship in the context of EU market. The main advantages and disadvantages that can be derived from the TTIP negotiation are pointed out.Findings– The analysis of the Italian food industry highlights a very fragmented production structure characterized by the coexistence on the market of a small number of big companies and a large number of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. Such bipolar structure constitutes a constraint to internationalization and limits the quantities of exportable products. The TTIP can represent an opportunity for the Italian food small businesses. On the other hand, the main disadvantages are related to the agricultural raw materials market.Originality/value– The study offers an in-depth analysis of the main features of the Italian food industry and of its role in international agri-food trades, describing the scenario that could be opened by the TTIP negotiation.
Direct selling in the wine sector: lessons from cellars in Italy’s Apulia region
Authors: Fiore Mariantonietta 
Published: July 2016

Purpose– Buying process directly from producers is an expanding trend in advanced economies; then direct sales can be considered a crucial driver in wine sector in order to cope with global challenges and achieve a competitive advantage. The purpose of this paper is to investigate if management aspects and marketing innovation propensity could have an important role in choosing direct sale tool.Design/methodology/approach– A qualitative analysis in Apulia region (Italy) was carried out. Data have been collected through a face to face and web-based exploratory survey submitted to a sample of 280 cellars participating in an Integrated Projects of Food Chains. A logit regression model was run in the research design.Findings– Findings showed that most of interviewed wineries, mainly characterized by agricultural production and direct approach to customers, are more likely inclined to direct sales choice.Research limitations/implications– The sample size could be expanded (e.g. to include farms from other regions or not belonging to an integrated projects).Practical implications– Managerial implications give insight on the role of direct sales as an opportunity to obtain aggregated value for agri-products and to increase bargaining power of farmers.Social implications– Food direct sales could have the important task of straightening the social proximity between rural and urban stakeholders, increasing trust and connection between producers and consumers.Originality/value– This paper can shed some light on this topic, since direct food sales across regions is less investigated than direct marketing.
Spectrum of anemia after kidney transplantation: pathophysiology and therapeutic implications
Authors: Bamgbola Oluwatoyin F. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe prevalence of anemia in the first month after transplant is 70%–80%. The rate declines to 30%–40% at 3 months and 20% by 12 months. Its occurrence is influenced by the quality of the transplanted organ, bone marrow regenerative capacity, amount of surgical blood loss, and increased iron recycling. There is also a blunted response by oxidative inflammation to the effectiveness of supranormal levels of erythropoietin (EPO) release during ischemic‐reperfusion allograft injury. The prevalence rate of late‐onset post‐transplant anemia (PTA) is 30%–50%. This category of patients falls into two ill‐defined groups: (i) those with impaired renal capacity for EPO synthesis and (ii) those with bone marrow resistance. Given the difference in pathophysiology, the current KDIGO guideline that adopts uniform therapeutic approach for the two groups may be inappropriate. Comorbidity due to iron deficiency is common. Anemia is predictive of cardiovascular morbidity and shorter graft survival. Perhaps due to concern for the safe use of EPO stimulating agent (ESA) to correct anemia, there is often inadequate treatment of late‐onset PTA. However, universal application of ESA may be harmful. Therefore, clinical trials are needed to define parameters for selecting patients (e.g., EPO assay) that will benefit the most from therapy for anemia.
Lichen striatus with syringotropism and hyperplasia of eccrine gland cells: a rare phenomenon that should not be confused with syringotropic mycosis fungoides
Authors: Wang Lei , Chen Fengming , Liu Yu , Gao Tianwen , Wang Gang 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundSyringotropism is characterized by lymphocyte infiltration in the eccrine gland and is usually associated with various degrees of hyperplasia of eccrine gland cells. This phenomenon has been reported in rare cases of mycosis fungoides, which are also called as syringotropic mycosis fungoides.MethodsWe studied seven cases of lichen striatus associated with syringotropism and hyperplasia of eccrine gland cells, diagnosed at our dermatology department in the past 5 years. The hematoxylin and eosin‐stained slides from these cases were analyzed, and immunohistochemical and T‐cell receptor gene rearrangement studies were performed.ResultsOf the seven cases, two showed prominent and five showed subtle syringotropism and hyperplasia of eccrine gland cells. Immunohistochemical study showed mixed infiltration by T‐cells and B‐cells around the eccrine glands. The T‐cells were composed of CD4 and CD8‐positive cells. T‐cell receptor gene rearrangement study showed negative results in all the cases.ConclusionSyringotropism and hyperplasia of eccrine gland cells is a rare phenomenon in lichen striatus. Dermatopathologists should be aware of this to avoid misdiagnosis as syringotropic mycosis fungoides.
China, the G20 and the International Investment Regime
Authors: Sauvant Karl P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractChina has become a major home country for outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) flows. As a result, the country is increasingly concerned with protecting its OFDI and facilitating the operations of its firms investing abroad and creating a strong universal international investment law and policy regime. This article briefly reviews the emergence of China as an outward investor. It continues with an analysis of some policy issues related to the rise of FDI from emerging markets. A brief discussion of issues central to the future of the international investment law and policy regime follows, before focusing on several outcomes that could be pursued under China's G20 leadership: nonbinding shared principles that could outline the architecture of a universal framework on international investment; an international support program for sustainable investment facilitation; and the creation of an additional intergovernmental platform that would allow for a continued systematic intergovernmental process to discuss the range of issues related to the governance of international investment, preferably paralleled by an informal, inclusive and result‐oriented consensus‐building process that takes place outside intergovernmental settings.
Stimulated urine C‐peptide creatinine ratio vs serum C‐peptide level for monitoring of β‐cell function in the first year after diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Tatovic D. , Luzio S. , Dunseath G. , Liu Y. , Alhadj Ali M. , Peakman M. , Dayan C. M. ,   MonoPepT1De Study Group
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimsTo determine if urine C‐peptide/creatinine ratio is a useful tool for monitoring β‐cell function in new‐onset Type 1 diabetes.MethodsData were obtained from a prospective immunomodulation study in people with Type 1 diabetes ≤ 3 months from diagnosis, with a standard mixed‐meal tolerance test and measurement of urine C‐peptide/creatinine ratio carried out at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The change in the insulin‐dose‐adjusted HbA1c level was also correlated with the change in serum/urine C‐peptide level during the 12‐month follow‐up period.ResultsA significant reduction in urine C‐peptide/creatinine ratio, measured after a mixed‐meal, was reached at 9 months (−45.4%), whilst the reduction in stimulated serum C‐peptide level reached significance after 3 months (−54.7%) in placebo‐treated participants. Neither change in stimulated serum C‐peptide nor change in urine C‐peptide level correlated with each other, and nor did change in insulin‐dose‐adjusted HbA1c level in the first 6 months, but all measures correlated significantly in the second half of the 12‐month follow‐up period.ConclusionMixed‐meal‐stimulated urine C‐peptide/creatinine ratio was similar to, although less sensitive than, stimulated serum C‐peptide level in monitoring β‐cell function during the first year after diagnosis. Because the former is significantly less invasive, it warrants inclusion in further studies in Type 1 diabetes and may represent an attractive alternative outcome measure in cohort studies and in children.
Fine‐scale spatiotemporal dynamics of fungal fruiting: prevalence, amplitude, range and continuity
Authors: Heegaard E. , Boddy L. , Diez J. M. , Halvorsen R. , Kauserud H. , Kuyper T. W. , Bässler C. , Büntgen U. , Gange A. C. , Krisai‐Greilhuber I. , Andrew C. J. , Ayer F. , Høiland K. , Kirk P. M. , Egli S. 
Published: July 2016

Despite the critical importance of fungi as symbionts with plants, resources for animals, and drivers of ecosystem function, the spatiotemporal distributions of fungi remain poorly understood. The belowground life cycle of fungi makes it difficult to assess spatial patterns and dynamic processes even with recent molecular techniques. Here we offer an explicit spatiotemporal Bayesian inference of the drivers behind spatial distributions from investigation of a Swiss inventory of fungal fruit bodies. The unique inventory includes three temperate forest sites in which a total of 73 952 fungal fruit bodies were recorded systematically in a spatially explicit design between 1992 and 2006.Our motivation is to understand how broad‐scale climate factors may influence spatiotemporal dynamics of fungal fruiting within forests, and if any such effects vary between two functional groups, ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and saprotrophic fungi. For both groups we asked: 1) how consistent are the locations of fruiting patches, the sizes of patches, the quantities of fruit bodies, and of prevalence (occupancy)? 2) Do the annual spatial characteristics of fungal fruiting change systematically over time? 3) Are spatial characteristics of fungal fruiting driven by climatic variation?We found high inter‐annual continuity in fruiting for both functional groups. The saprotrophic species were characterised by small patches with variable fruit body counts. In contrast, ECM species were present in larger, but more distinctly delimited patches. The spatial characteristics of the fungal community were only indirectly influenced by climate. However, climate variability influenced overall yields and prevalence, which again links to spatial structure of fruit bodies. Both yield and prevalence were correlated with the amplitudes of occurrence and of fruit body counts, but only prevalence influenced the spatial range. Summarizing, climatic variability affects forest‐stand fungal distributions via its influence on yield (amount) and prevalence (occupancy), whereas fungal life‐history strategies dictate fine‐scale spatial characteristics.
Disease burden morbidity assessment by self‐report: Psychometric properties in older adults in Spain
Authors: Wijers Irene GM , Ayala Alba , Rodriguez‐Blazquez Carmen , Rodriguez‐Laso Angel , Rodriguez‐Rodriguez Vicente , Forjaz Maria João 
Published: July 2016

AimTo carry out an analysis of the psychometric properties of the Disease Burden Morbidity Assessment (DBMA) according to the assumptions of the Classical Test Theory.MethodsA sample of 707 community‐dwelling adults aged 65 years and older, living in Spain, completed the DBMA. Psychometric properties of the scale (feasibility, acceptability, scaling assumptions, reliability and construct validity) were analyzed.ResultsThe mean DBMA score was 6.8. Feasibility and acceptability were satisfactory, except for large floor effects (>50%), as well as a skewed distribution (1.8). Item‐total corrected correlation ranged 0.10–0.49, item homogeneity index was 0.09 and Cronbach's alpha was 0.72. Disease burden correlated strongly with physical functioning (r = –0.56) and perceived health (r = –0.56), and moderately with depression (r = 0.41) and the Personal Wellbeing Index (r = –0.41). Exploratory factor analysis extracted five factors, explaining 44% of the variance.ConclusionsThe DBMA is an acceptable and valid instrument for measuring disease burden in older adults. Future studies should include Rasch analysis to further assess dimensionality and explore other measurement properties. Geriatr Gerontol 2017; 17: 1102–1108.
Reconstruction of the absorption spectrum of an object spot from the colour values of the corresponding pixel(s) in its digital image: the challenge of algal colours
Authors: COLTELLI PRIMO , BARSANTI LAURA , EVANGELISTA VALTER , FRASSANITO ANNA MARIA , GUALTIERI PAOLO 
Published: July 2016

SummaryA novel procedure for deriving the absorption spectrum of an object spot from the colour values of the corresponding pixel(s) in its image is presented. Any digital image acquired by a microscope can be used; typical applications are the analysis of cellular/subcellular metabolic processes under physiological conditions and in response to environmental stressors (e.g. heavy metals), and the measurement of chromophore composition, distribution and concentration in cells. In this paper, we challenged the procedure with images of algae, acquired by means of a CCD camera mounted onto a microscope. The many colours algae display result from the combinations of chromophores whose spectroscopic information is limited to organic solvents extracts that suffers from displacements, amplifications, and contraction/dilatation respect to spectra recorded inside the cell. Hence, preliminary processing is necessary, which consists of in vivo measurement of the absorption spectra of photosynthetic compartments of algal cells and determination of spectra of the single chromophores inside the cell. The final step of the procedure consists in the reconstruction of the absorption spectrum of the cell spot from the colour values of the corresponding pixel(s) in its digital image by minimization of a system of transcendental equations based on the absorption spectra of the chromophores under physiological conditions.
Comparison of 2 Doses for ACTH Stimulation Testing in Dogs Suspected of or Treated for Hyperadrenocorticism
Authors: Aldridge C. , Behrend E.N. , Kemppainen R.J. , Lee‐Fowler T.M. , Martin L.G. , Ward C.R. , Bruyette D. , Pannu J. , Gaillard P. , Lee H.P. 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundLowering the cosyntropin dose needed forACTHstimulation would make the test more economical.ObjectivesTo compare the cortisol response to 1 and 5 μg/kg cosyntropinIVin dogs being screened for hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) and in dogs receiving trilostane or mitotane for pituitary‐dependentHAC.AnimalsHealthy dogs (n = 10); client‐owned dogs suspected of havingHAC(n = 39) or being treated for pituitary‐dependentHACwith mitotane (n = 12) or trilostane (n = 15).ProceduresIn this prospective study, healthy dogs had consecutiveACTHstimulation tests to ensure 2 tests could be performed in sequence. For the first test, cosyntropin (1 μg/kgIV) was administered; the second test was initiated 4 hours after the start of the first (5 μg/kg cosyntropinIV). Dogs suspected of havingHACor being treated with mitotane were tested as the healthy dogs. Dogs receiving trilostane treatment were tested on consecutive days at the same time post pill using the low dose on day 1.ResultsIn dogs being treated with mitotane or trilostane, the 2 doses were pharmacodynamically equivalent (90% confidence interval, 85.1–108.2%;P= 0.014). However, in dogs suspected of havingHAC, the doses were not pharmacodynamically equivalent (90% confidence interval, 73.2–92.8%;P= 0.37); furthermore, in 23% of the dogs, clinical interpretation of test results was different between the doses.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceFor dogs suspected of havingHAC, 5 μg/kg cosyntropinIVis still recommended forACTHstimulation testing. For dogs receiving mitotane or trilostane treatment, a dose of 1 μg/kg cosyntropinIVcan be used.
Spatial variations in sedimentary organic matter in surficial lake sediments of Nyanza Gulf (Lake Victoria, Kenya) after invasion of water hyacinth
Authors: Mwamburi Job 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNo detailed studies have been conducted on the spatial distribution of sediment characteristics within Nyanza Gulf of Lake Victoria, especially after the invasion of water hyacinth. Accordingly, a rapid, inexpensive method was used to determine the spatial sediment organic matter variations, expressed as loss on ignition (LOI). Surficial sediments were collected during different survey periods from about thirty‐two sampling sites between 1994 and 2012, in order to characterize the sediments. Although the deeper (>40 m) depositional areas are located in the open lake, visual observations indicate that most of the offshore sediments consist of muddy deposits, plus significant shell remains, with a more sandy type of sediments located in some areas off the inflowing river mouths. The surficial sediments were characterized by a relatively high water content, with over 89% of the samples containing water contents greater than 75%. The sediment organic matter contents from the 2012 survey were more variable, ranging from 1.90% to 33.47%. The sediment organic carbon contents varied spatially, although there were no significant variations between the different sampling periods. Evaluating the SOM at different heating durations at a constant temperature (550 °C) and a very high temperatures (950 °C) did not identify any significant differences. High primary production and greater settling in the deeper areas contribute to the nature of sediments deposited, also being reflected in the relatively high OC contents. Spatially, it is thought that detritus from water hyacinth and terrestrial external loads are important sources of organic matter deposited on the lake bottom within the gulf and may support its growth because of enrichment of nutrient elements. The importance of sediments in adsorption of contaminant substances and influencing geochemical processes within the lake is also emphasized.
Challenges in the management of chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible: report of two cases
Authors: Tsegga T.M. , Smith C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNon‐suppurative inflammatory jaw bone disease can be a challenge to succinctly diagnose and provide reproducible treatment options. Often times there are multiple confounding contributors towards disease progression that makes precise diagnostic isolation a challenge. This case report highlights the challenges of a specific subset of mandibular inflammatory bone condition with a description of definitive therapy.
Endowments, Culture and Economic Development
Authors: Khalifa Sherif 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates whether the geographic characteristics of a country can explain cross‐country variations in income levels through their ability to explain cross‐country variations in cultural traits that enhance economic development. In other words, this paper attempts to determine whether the geographic endowment can serve as an instrument in examining the effect of culture on economic development. The paper conducts two‐stage least‐squares regressions. The second stage is a regression of the logarithm of real gross domestic product per capita on each of the cultural attributes that are considered in this study. In the first stage, the geographic factors that statistically explain a cultural aspect are used as instrumental variables. The results of the empirical estimation show that the cultural variables, instrumented by the geographic variables, explain cross‐country variations in economic development.
Therapeutic anti‐IgE monoclonal antibody single chain variable fragment (scFv) safety and immunomodulatory effects after one time injection in four dogs
Authors: Hammerberg Bruce , Eguiluz‐Hernandez Sitka 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundThe therapeutic monoclonal antibody omalizumab that is specific for IgE has proven to be an effective addition to the treatment of allergic disease in humans.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to demonstrate the safety and immunomodulating effects of a single injection of a monoclonal antibody single chain variable fragments (scFv) specific for canine IgE in normal dogs.AnimalsThree normal dogs were bled for EDTA whole blood samples for 112 days post‐injection (dpi). A fourth dog was monitored for 28 days.MethodsAnti‐IgE scFv was pegylated to minimize scFv dimerization. Four normal dogs were injected once subcutaneously with anti‐IgE scFv at 1 mg/kg. Flow cytometry was performed on whole blood. Plasma levels of IgE were measured by ELISA.ResultsNone of the four dogs showed signs of anaphylaxis. All dogs demonstrated decreases in IgE(+) cells in lymphocyte‐gated events by 14 dpi. Dogs C and D returned to pre‐injection levels by 21 days, whereas dogs A and B remained below pre‐injection levels until Day 112. Similar differences were seen in IgE‐bearing granulocyte‐gated cells. Free plasma IgE decreased below pre‐injection levels by 47% in Dog A and by 52% in Dog B at 112 days. Dogs C and D did not change by more than 32% from preinjection levels.ConclusionA single injection of monomeric, pegylated scFv with high affinity for dog IgE was demonstrated to be safe. Marked reduction in IgE‐bearing lymphocytes and granulocytes accompanied by reduced “free” plasma IgE level in two of four dogs is analogous to omalizumab in humans.