bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Students’ choice and evaluation of information sources at the University of the West Indies, Mona Campus
Authors: Kean Cheryl , Walker Godfrey , Kerr-Campbell Maureen , Mckoy-Johnson Faith 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– This paper aims to investigate the kinds of resources used by students at the University of the West Indies Mona Campus, to start their research and to find out their perception of the quality of the resources they use.

Design/methodology/approach
– A survey was distributed manually to undergraduates, and the responses were collated and analysed using Excel software.

Findings
– The findings revealed that Google was the resource most likely to be used by respondents to start their research, and the resource least used was the librarian (ask a librarian).

Originality/value
– This represents original research for the Mona Campus. It is important in helping the library to understand an aspect of the research habits and preferences of the undergraduate community it serves and will help the library in further decision-making, as it seeks to build awareness among the undergraduate population, of the library resources available to them.
Immaterial labour, public librarians, and third-generation public libraries
Authors: Stevenson Siobhan A 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to draw attention to one specific upper-level government policy document in which a discourse of perpetual innovation and customer service is promoted, and the kinds of questions such discursive interventions raise for the future of work in public libraries; and second, to demonstrate the explanatory potential of the concept of immaterial labour for questions relating to emerging labour processes in libraries. The concepts of “prosumer” and Web 2.0 are included as discursive resources of relevance to any discussion of immaterial labour.Design/methodology/approach– This paper presents a critical discourse analysis of a public policy visioning document for public libraries in Ontario, Canada, with reflections on related literatures.Findings– The concept of immaterial labour provides an additional analytic tool suitable for questions of relevance to public librarians and library scholars. Within the government text under review which deals specifically with the future of the public library to 2020, the identity of the public librarian is alarmingly absent. Conversely, the library patron as a producer and consumer is privileged.Research limitations/implications– Failure to attend to the broader policy arena within which the public library resides creates dangerous blind spots for public library professionals, educators and researchers.Practical implications– This paper demonstrates the value of a discourse analysis for uncovering the ideological dimensions of policy documents, while simultaneously modelling the method using the kind of policy text commonly produced in governments around the world.Social implications– This paper shows how failure to attend to the broader policy arena within which the public library resides creates dangerous blind spots for the public library community.Originality/value– This paper contextualizes the immaterial and volunteer labour of the public library user as producer/consumer in the context of the future of the frontline professional and waged librarian.
Faculty information behaviour in the electronic environment
Authors: Borrego Ángel , Anglada Lluís 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– This study aims to investigate how the transition from print to electronic scholarly communication has affected faculty’s information behaviour and their perception of academic libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
– An online survey was distributed among academics affiliated to the member universities of the Consortium of University Services of Catalonia. A total of 2,230 replies were received.

Findings
– Journal articles are the most relevant information resource used for research and teaching purposes. Databases are the preferred starting point for bibliographic searches, although a significant proportion of scholars rely on Internet search engines. The main source for gaining access to documents is libraries, followed by free materials available online. Scholarly journals are the preferred channel for disseminating research outputs, with the open access being a factor of marginal interest when deciding where to publish.

Originality/value
– The results of this study should be useful to guide policies regarding scientific information and research and, more specifically, policies regarding academic libraries.
Buckwheat and Millet Affect Thermal, Rheological, and Gelling Properties of Wheat Flour
Authors: Wu Kao , Gan Renyou , Dai Shuhong , Cai Yi‐Zhong , Corke Harold , Zhu Fan 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBuckwheat (BF) and millet (MF) are recommended as healthy foods due to their unique chemical composition and health benefits. This study investigated the thermal and rheological properties of BF‐WF (wheat flour) and MF‐WF flour blends at various ratios (0:100 to 100:0). Increasing BF or MF concentration led to higher cold paste viscosity and setback viscosity of pasting properties gel adhesiveness, storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) of dynamic oscillatory rheology, and yield stress (σ0) of flow curve of WF. BF and MF addition decreased peak viscosity and breakdown of pasting, gel hardness, swelling volume, and consistency coefficient (K) of flow curve of WF. Thermal properties of the blends appeared additive of that of individual flour. Nonadditive effects were observed for some property changes in the mixtures, and indicated interactions between flour components. This may provide a physicochemical basis for using BF and MF in formulating novel healthy products.
Political connections, auditor choice and corporate accounting transparency: evidence from private sector firms in China
Authors: Liu Ye , Li Xindan , Zeng Haijian , An Yunbi 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis article investigates the way in which political connections impact auditor choice. Using a political connection index constructed based on the bureaucratic ranks of executive managers and board members in Chinese private sector firms, we find that for firms with weak political connections, the likelihood of hiring high‐quality auditors increases with the degree of political connectedness, while it decreases with political connectedness for firms with strong political connections. This inverse U‐shaped relationship is particularly pronounced for firms with ownership structures that intensify agency problems. Finally, we find that political connections and accounting transparency also have an inverse U‐shaped relationship.
Nationwide and population‐based prescription patterns in bipolar disorder
Authors: Kessing Lars Vedel , Vradi Eleni , Andersen Per Kragh 
Published: February 2016

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to describe prescription patterns and changes in these patterns over the last decade for patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder in mental healthcare, using population‐based and nationwide data, and to relate the findings to recommendations from international guidelines.MethodsA population‐based, nationwide study was carried out. It included register‐based longitudinal data on all patients with a first‐ever contact with mental healthcare with a diagnosis of mania/bipolar disorder from the entire Danish population, and all prescription data for this population during the decade from 2000 to 2011, inclusive.ResultsA total of 3,205 patients were included in the study. Lithium was prescribed less, and antiepileptic and atypical antipsychotic agents were prescribed substantially more during the study period. Lithium went from being the first drug prescribed to being the last, and was replaced by atypical antipsychotic agents. Antiepileptic agents went from being the fourth to the second drug class prescribed, and the prescription of antidepressants was virtually unchanged, at a high level, during the decade (one‐year value 40–60%). The prescription of lamotrigine and quetiapine increased substantially. Combination therapy increased for all drug combinations, except for lithium combined with antidepressants.ConclusionsMajor changes took place in drug prescriptions during the study period. The decrease in the use of lithium and the constant high use of antidepressants do not align with recommendations from international guidelines.
Diversity of palm communities at different spatial scales in a recently fragmented tropical landscape
Authors: Browne Luke , Karubian Jordan 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHabitat loss and landscape fragmentation are often associated with changes in biological communities at different spatial scales. Our goal in this study was to identify fragment characteristics and environmental variables linked to palm species richness, abundance and community similarity at local and landscape spatial scales and to contrast these patterns between adults and juveniles. We sampled palm communities in 22 fragments of Chocó rainforest in and around the Mache-Chindul Ecological Reserve in north-western Ecuador, where we recorded 9991 individuals of 23 palm species. At the landscape scale, fragment size and surrounding forest cover were not associated with species richness or abundance for either adults or juveniles. However, community similarity of juveniles was related to surrounding forest cover and the abundance of juveniles and adults increased with elevation. At the local scale, adults and juveniles differed in their relationships to environmental variables and distance to fragment edge: juveniles showed reduced species richness and different community composition near fragment edges compared with interior habitat, but adults did not. These results provide baseline information on palm communities in a poorly studied conservation hotspot and highlight the importance of considering multiple spatial scales and life stages in studies of habitat fragmentation.
John Porter Lecture: Liberal Nationalisms Revisited
Authors: Kennedy James 
Published: February 2016

Liberal Nationalisms: Empire, State and Civil Society in Scotland and Quebec soutient que l’émergence et le caractère du nationalisme sont directement liés aux changements des modèles de gouvernance politique, ainsi que les politiques libérales sur lesquelles repose cette gouvernance. L'article se concentre sur l’émergence au début du vingtième siècle de deux groupes nationalistes en Écosse et au Québec: les Young Scots’ Society et la Ligne nationaliste canadienne. Les deux groupes ont démontré des nationalismes libéraux différents: (1) en réponse aux politiques exploitatrices impériales de l'Empire Britannique; (2) face à la perception d’échec de leurs États à efficacement accommoder les nations Écossaise et Canadienne Française et, plus problématiquement, (3) à la place d'une religion organisée dans la société civile. Leurs réponses démontrent l’émergence de nationalismes libéraux très distincts : un dont l'emphase était sur les droits individuels universels et l'autre dont les groupes particuliers étaient clairement favorisés. Cet article offre une réflexion plus poussée sur la relation entre le nationalisme et le libéralisme, plus précisément sur l'existence d'une relation symbiotique et plus généralement sur le fait que le libéralisme est atteint avec succès lorsqu'intégré au nationalisme.
What the Polls Do Show: Toward Enhanced Survey Readings of Religion in Canada
Authors: Bibby Reginald W. , Grenville Andrew 
Published: February 2016

Depuis près de vingt ans, les résultats obtenus par les sondages visant les activités religieuses et les croyances ont semés beaucoup de confusion sur leur passage, particulièrement du fait que ces derniers, présentés par des chercheurs académiques et des firmes de sondage privées, différaient souvent de ceux publiés par Statistiques Canada. Les auteurs se sont penchés sur quatre sondages nationaux de type omnibus tenus en 2012 pour déterminer à quel point ces différences pouvaient être liées à des variations de méthodes quantitatives. Ne trouvant pas de disparités notables, ils ont tourné leur attention vers les méthodes d’échantillonnages utilisées. Ils se sont servis de données illustratives datant de 2012 et 2015 pour proposer que les divergences de conclusions obtenues soient largement dues aux différentes approches d’échantillonnages. Quoiqu'extrêmement difficile, ils en conviennent, la résolution de ce problème demeure un objectif à poursuivre.
Biochemical analysis of the living human vitreous
Authors: Kokavec Jan , Min San H , Tan Mei H , Gilhotra Jagjit S , Newland Henry S , Durkin Shane R , Grigg John , Casson Robert J 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundTo date, our understanding of the biochemical composition of the living human vitreous relies on extrapolations from animal or human post‐mortem studies.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of vitreous samples from 27 individuals scheduled for retinal surgery within a tertiary hospital. From each vitreous sample, the concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, glucose, lactate, β‐ hydroxybutyrate, copper, zinc, selenium, iron, ferritin and transferrin and osmolality were measured. Perioperative serum samples were also obtained for comparison.ResultsThe following vitreous mean ± standard deviation (95% confidence interval of the mean) was observed for each analyte: sodium, 146.7 ± 3.3 (145.4–148.0) mmol/L; potassium, 5.73 ± 0.86 (5.39–6.08) mmol/L; chloride, 121.6 ± 2.6 (120.6–122.7) mmol/L; calcium, 1.128 ± 0.518 (0.923–1.333) mmol/L; magnesium, 0.900 ± 0.158 (0.838–0.962) mmol/L; glucose, 2.97 ± 0.98 (2.58–3.36) mmol/L; lactate, 3.97 ± 1.09 (3.54–4.40) mmol/L; osmolality, 289.5 ± 6.9 (286.6–292.5) mOsm/kg; BOHB, 0.0937 ± 0.0472 (0.0750–0.1124) mmol/L; copper, 0.519 ± 0.269 (0.412–0.625) µmol/L; zinc, 1.95 ± 1.09 (1.52–2.38) µmol/L; selenium, 0.1035 ± 0.0276 (0.0923–0.1146) µmol/L; iron, 3.11 ± 1.40 (2.56–3.66) µmol/L; ferritin, 19.5 ± 10.3 (15.5–23.6) µg/L; transferrin, 0.0878 ± 0.0526 (0.0670–0.1086) g/L. Vitreous biochemistry was not significantly different between male and female participants. Vitreous biochemistry was significantly different between non‐diabetic and diabetic participants. Vitreous biochemistry was significantly different from the vitreous substitute BSS Plus (Alcon, USA). The vitreous extracted from living humans was markedly different from the commonly reported reference values obtained from animal studies.ConclusionsThe current data provide hitherto unavailable information about the biochemical composition of the living human vitreous.
Late anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection in rectal cancer patients: clinical characteristics and predisposing factors
Authors: Lim S.‐B. , Yu C. S. , Kim C. W. , Yoon Y. S. , Park I. J. , Kim J. C. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimThe purpose was to examine the clinical characteristics and predisposing factors of late anastomotic leakage following low anterior resection for rectal cancer.MethodWe retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological features of patients who experienced anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Patients were divided into two groups according to the time to leakage: early leakage (within 30 days postoperatively) and late leakage (after 30 days postoperatively). Clinicopathological characteristics were compared between the two groups.ResultsAnastomotic leakage occurred in 141 patients. Anastomotic leakage was diagnosed at a median of 17 (range 0–886) days postoperatively; 85 (60.3%) and 56 (39.7%) were categorized as the early and late leakage groups, respectively. Radiotherapy (hazard ratio 5.007; 95% CI 2.208–11.354; P < 0.0001) was the only significant independent predisposing factor for late leakage. Diverting stoma did not protect against late leakage. The late leakage group more frequently had the fistula type (46.4% vs 10.6%; P < 0.001) and less frequently needed laparotomy (55.4% vs 78.8%; P = 0.001). The rate of long‐term stoma over 1 year was greater in the late leakage than the early leakage group (51.8% vs 29.4%; P = 0.009).ConclusionLate anastomotic leakages that develop after 30 days following low anterior resection are not uncommon and may be associated with the use of radiotherapy. Late leakage should be a different entity from early leakage in terms of the type of leakage, methods of management and subsequent sequelae.
Categories of Large Numbers in Line Estimation
Authors: Landy David , Charlesworth Arthur , Ottmar Erin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHow do people stretch their understanding of magnitude from the experiential range to the very large quantities and ranges important in science, geopolitics, and mathematics? This paper empirically evaluates how and whether people make use of numerical categories when estimating relative magnitudes of numbers across many orders of magnitude. We hypothesize that people use scale words—thousand, million, billion—to carve the large number line into categories, stretching linear responses across items within each category. If so, discontinuities in position and response time are expected near the boundaries between categories. In contrast to previous work (Landy, Silbert, & Goldin, 2013) that suggested only that a minority of college undergraduates employed categorical boundaries, we find that discontinuities near category boundaries occur in most or all participants, but that accurate and inaccurate participants respond in opposite ways to category boundaries. Accurate participants highlight contrasts within a category, whereas inaccurate participants adjust their responses toward category centers.
Rater reliability and scoring duration of the Quality Function Measure in ambulant children with hyperkinetic movement disorders
Authors: Tustin Kylee , Gimeno Hortensia , Morton Erin , Marsden Jonathan 
Published: February 2016

AimTo examine intra‐ and interrater reliability/agreement, and time taken to score, when the Quality Function Measure (QFM) is applied to children with hyperkinetic movement disorders (HMD; e.g. dystonia, chorea, athetosis, tremor, and myoclonus).MethodFifteen ambulant children with HMD participated (eight males, seven females; mean age 13y 7mo, SD 3y 7mo). Three trained raters (two physiotherapists, one occupational therapist) independently scored the QFM using videos of each child performing Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) Stand and Walk/Run/Jump dimensions. Reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) model 2.1, Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and Bland–Altman methods.ResultsRater reliability was excellent for all five QFM attributes: intrarater ICCs ≥0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–1.00), and interrater ICCs ≥0.96 (95% CI 0.91–1.00). SEM varied from 2.07% to 4.72% points for intra‐ and interrater scores across QFM attributes. Bland–Altman tests demonstrated close agreement between ratings, with absolute mean differences varying from 0.34% to 3.23% (intrarater) to 1.67% to 3.82% (interrater). Median scoring duration time was 83 minutes (range 56–144min, SD 16.02).InterpretationLow measurement error attributable to rater effects suggests the QFM has potential as an evaluative measure in research studies involving children with HMD, though its lengthy scoring requirements are an important consideration for clinical practice. Evaluation of test–retest reliability and responsiveness is required.
Effects of fisheries zoning and environmental characteristics on population parameters of the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in managed floodplain lakes in the Central Amazon
Authors: Arantes M. L. , Freitas C. E. C. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractFisheries zoning and the influence of biotic and abiotic factors in the spatial distribution of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier) in the Piagaçu‐Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Central Amazon, during 2012–2013 were evaluated. The relative abundance and population parameters of the C. macropomum were compared between conservation (no‐take zone) and fishing (open to fishing zone) lakes. The fish were collected by experimental fishing in 2012 and 2013. A total of 296 individuals were captured, most of which were from the conservation lakes (62.8%). Higher proportions of larger adults and individuals were found in the conservation lakes, although no significant difference in the average C. macropomum catch‐per‐unit‐effort was found between the lake categories. Abundance was positively influenced by zooplankton density (r2 = 0.53, P < 0.03). Therefore, it is hypothesised that conservation lakes may serve as refugia for juveniles due to the high availability of planktonic food available during the dry season. Although there were environmental differences between the two lake types, the relative success of management models that use no‐take zones in freshwater habitats was highlighted. Finally, the importance of zooplankton as a factor in the distribution of C. macropomum among floodplain lakes was emphasised.
Combination therapy with β3‐adrenoceptor agonists and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists: Efficacy in rats with bladder overactivity
Authors: Furuta Akira , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Kimura Shoji , Koike Yusuke , Egawa Shin , Yoshimura Naoki 
Published: February 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of combination therapy of a selective β3‐adrenoceptor agonist (mirabegron) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists (a selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor2 antagonist: methoctramine hemihydrate or a selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor3 antagonist; 4‐DAMP) compared with monotherapy of either agent in rats with oxotremorine methiodide (a non‐selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist)‐induced bladder overactivity.MethodsCystometry was carried out in conscious female rats with intravesical instillation of oxotremorine methiodide (200 μmol/L). Either mirabegron (0.3–3 mg/kg), methoctramine (0.1–1 mg/kg) or 4‐DAMP (0.03–0.3 mg/kg) was cumulatively applied intravenously. Also, the effects of combined application of mirabegron (3 mg/kg) plus methoctramine (1 mg/kg) or 4‐DAMP (0.3 mg/kg) on cystometric parameters were compared with those of single‐agent monotherapy.ResultsIntravesical instillation of oxotremorine methiodide induced bladder overactivity, as evidenced by decreases in threshold pressure and bladder capacity. In oxotremorine methiodide‐treated rats, single application of mirabegron (1, 3 mg/kg), methoctramine (0.3, 1 mg/kg) or 4‐DAMP (0.1, 0.3 mg/kg) decreased baseline pressure and increased bladder capacity. In addition, reductions in threshold pressure and maximal voiding pressure were also seen after the administration of 4‐DAMP (0.3 mg/kg). The combined treatment of mirabegron plus 4‐DAMP induced a larger increase in bladder capacity compared with monotherapy of either drug, whereas there were no significant changes in cystometric parameters between the combination therapy of mirabegron plus methoctramine and monotherapy of either drug.ConclusionThese results suggest that the combination therapy of β3‐adrenoceptor agonists plus muscarinic acetylcholine receptor3 antagonists is more effective compared with monotherapy for the treatment of bladder overactivity. In contrast, the efficacy of β3‐adrenoceptor agonists might not be increased by the addition of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor2 antagonists.