bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival outcomes in patients with oropharyngeal cancer treated with carboplatin/paclitaxel and concurrent radiotherapy
Authors: Roskies M. , Kay-Rivest E. , Mascarella M. A. , Sultanem K. , Mlynarek A. , Hier M. 
Published: October 2016

Background A commonly employed treatment for advanced staged oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is concurrent radiation and chemotherapy with cisplatin as the gold standard. Carboplatin is reported to have the same radiopotentiation properties and a superior side effect profile; however, its use in head and neck cancer has been limited due to the paucity of data and reported hematologic side effects. In this study, we describe our institution's experience with carboplatin, paclitaxel and radiation in the treatment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma over a 10 year period. Methods A retrospective chart review of patients aged 18 to 80 years old with stage III-IV OPSCC treated with weekly carboplatin, paclitaxel and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) was performed. Data collected included patient demographics, tumor location and stage and survival outcomes. In addition, we noted treatment morbidities according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scoring criteria scale. The data was analyzed using the student's t-test and analysis of variables. Results Over a 10 year period, 160 patients received chemoradiation with carboplatin and paclitaxel for OPSCC. One-hundred-four and 65 patients were followed for at least 3 and 5 years, respectively. Overall survival for all patients was 81.7 and 70.7 % at 3 and 5 years, respectively. Disease free survival and locoregional recurrence-free survival at 5 years was 64.6 and 89.2 %, respectively. There was no association of survival with stage, regional nodal status or subsite. The most common side effect attributed to treatment was acute dysphagia (75.25 %) followed by odynophagia, xerostomia and hypogeusia. Hospitalizations and non-hospitalization emergency department visits attributed to treatment totalled 33 and 11, respectively. Hematologic toxicities greater than grade II were: 11.9 % neutropenia, 6.3 % anemia, 1.8 % thrombocytopenia. The incidence of febrile neutropenia was 5.0 % (8/160). Conclusion In conclusion, the overall, disease-free and locoregional recurrence-free survival of patients treated with carboplatin and radiotherapy for advanced stage OPSCC parallels what has been described in the literature for cisplatin, with an acceptable side effect profile.
Physiological regulation of the heat shock response by glutamine: implications for chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases in age-related conditions
Authors: Leite Jaqueline Santos Moreira , Cruzat Vinicius Fernandes , Krause Mauricio , Homem de Bittencourt Paulo Ivo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAging is an intricate process modulated by different molecular and cellular events, such as genome instability, epigenetic and transcriptional changes, molecular damage, cell death and senescence, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. Particularly, protein quality control (chaperone systems) tends to be negatively affected by aging, thus leading to cellular senescence in metabolic tissues and, as a consequence, to the increasing dissemination of inflammation throughout the body. The heat shock (HS) response and its associated expression of the 70 kDa family of heat shock proteins (HSP70), which are anti-inflammatory molecular chaperones, are found to be markedly decreased during muscle inactivity and aging, while evidence supports the loss of HSP70 as a key mechanism which may drive muscle atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and reduced regenerative capacity. In addition, abnormal stress response is linked with higher incidence of neurodegenerative diseases as well as low-grade inflammatory diseases that are associated with physical inactivity and obesity. Therefore, strategies to increase or, at least, to maintain the levels of HSP70, and its accompanying HS response to stress, are key to reduce biological cell dysfunctions that occur in aging. In this sense, physical exercise is of note as it is the most powerful inducer of the HS response, comparable only to heat stress and fever-like conditions. On the other hand, the amino acidl-glutamine, whose production within the skeletal muscle and liberation into the blood stream is dependent on muscle activity, is a potentializer of HSP70 expression and HS response, particularly via its entering in hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). Herein, we discuss the collaborative role of glutamine (and its donors/precursors) and physical exercise (mostly responsible for glutamine release into the circulation) as potential tools to increase HSP70 expression and the HS response in the elderly.
Rodent models in neuroscience research: is it a rat race?
Authors: Ellenbroek Bart , Youn Jiun 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTRodents (especially Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus) have been the most widely used models in biomedical research for many years. A notable shift has taken place over the last two decades, with mice taking a more and more prominent role in biomedical science compared to rats. This shift was primarily instigated by the availability of a much larger genetic toolbox for mice, particularly embryonic-stem-cell-based targeting technology for gene disruption. With the recent emergence of tools for altering the rat genome, notably genome-editing technologies, the technological gap between the two organisms is closing, and it is becoming more important to consider the physiological, anatomical, biochemical and pharmacological differences between rats and mice when choosing the right model system for a specific biological question. The aim of this short review and accompanying poster is to highlight some of the most important differences, and to discuss their impact on studies of human diseases, with a special focus on neuropsychiatric disorders.
Rheumatoid arthritis: identifying and characterising polymorphisms using rat models
Authors: Yau Anthony C. Y. , Holmdahl Rikard 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTRheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory joint disorder characterised by erosive inflammation of the articular cartilage and by destruction of the synovial joints. It is regulated by both genetic and environmental factors, and, currently, there is no preventative treatment or cure for this disease. Genome-wide association studies have identified ∼100 new loci associated with rheumatoid arthritis, in addition to the already known locus within the major histocompatibility complex II region. However, together, these loci account for only a modest fraction of the genetic variance associated with this disease and very little is known about the pathogenic roles of most of the risk loci identified. Here, we discuss how rat models of rheumatoid arthritis are being used to detect quantitative trait loci that regulate different arthritic traits by genetic linkage analysis and to positionally clone the underlying causative genes using congenic strains. By isolating specific loci on a fixed genetic background, congenic strains overcome the challenges of genetic heterogeneity and environmental interactions associated with human studies. Most importantly, congenic strains allow functional experimental studies be performed to investigate the pathological consequences of natural genetic polymorphisms, as illustrated by the discovery of several major disease genes that contribute to arthritis in rats. We discuss how these advances have provided new biological insights into arthritis in humans.
A RATional choice for translational research?
Authors: Aitman Tim , Dhillon Paraminder , Geurts Aron M. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
Future prospects continue to be strong for research using the rat as a model organism. New technology has enabled the proliferation of many new transgenic and knockout rat strains, the genomes of more than 40 rat strains have been sequenced, publications using the rat as a model continue to be produced at a steady rate, and discoveries of disease-associated genes and mechanisms from rat experiments abound, frequently with conservation of function between rats and humans. However, advances in genome technology have led to increasing insights into human disease directly from human genetic studies, pulling more and more researchers into the human genetics arena and placing funding for model organisms and their databases under threat. This, therefore, is a pivotal time for rat-based biomedical research – a timely moment to review progress and prospects – providing the inspiration for a new Special Collection focused on the impact of the model on translational science, launched in this issue of Disease Models & Mechanisms. What disease areas are most appropriate for research using rats? Why should the rat be favoured over other model organisms, and should the present levels of funding be continued? Which approaches should we expect to yield biologically and medically useful insights in the coming years? These are key issues that are addressed in the original Research Articles and reviews published in this Special Collection, and in this introductory Editorial. These exemplar articles serve as a landmark for the present status quo after a decade of major advances using the rat model and could help to guide the direction of rat research in the coming decade.
Survival and revival: Clay traditions in the Sindh region
Authors: Salim Sadia 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Two distinct clay traditions in Sindh, a province in southern Pakistan, date back to the Indus Valley Civilization and the Muslim period beginning in the eighth century. Field studies undertaken over the last twenty years show continuation of these clay traditions in the province, such that the working methods, materials, decorative designs, tools and equipment have not changed to a great extent. However, a slow decline in the number of practicing artisans from the traditional Kumbhar and Kashigar families and deterioration of the craft was observed. Therefore, it becomes pertinent to understand the impact of recent interventions to revive the craft. This article discusses the survival of the craft of glazed and unglazed terracotta over the centuries. The discussion reveals that kashikari (the craft of glazed decorated terracotta) receives considerable attention of individuals and organizations aiming to work with or aid the artisans whereas the craft of traditional unglazed terracotta remains almost neglected. It was found that some of the interventions initiated by the government that have taken place in the last seven or eight years have not had the desired beneficial effects. The proposition of this article is that serious and informed effort is required to restore craftsmanship and cultivate markets to benefit the artisans.
Promoting intercultural sensitivity through New Korean Cinema films
Authors: Park Heebon , Finch Andrew 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article examines the effectiveness of New Korean Cinema films in promoting intercultural sensitivity among international and indigenous university students, when studied as course content in an interactive, English-mediated, student-centred learning environment. Building on findings regarding the use of films to improve linguistic and cultural awareness, students with various cultural backgrounds and first languages were exposed to traditional, ethnic and modern aspects of Korean culture in New Korean Cinema films, through engaging in research, giving presentations and performing role-plays. Student perceptions and evidence of positive attitude change were accessed through a qualitative approach, triangulating responses to a course questionnaire (based on Bennett’s Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity), a pre/post-course online survey, and a focus-group interview session. Findings indicated that intercultural sensitivity and awareness were noticeably enhanced by the end of the semester; international students found the films stimulating, authentic and informative, and Korean students reported that awareness and appreciation of their cultural heritage was significantly heightened. It is therefore suggested that New Korean Cinema films offer a valuable means of promoting regional and global intercultural understanding, while presenting opportunities for reflection on the rapidly changing nature of Korean culture.
Drawing the troubled artist abroad: Guy Delisle’s visual travelogues
Authors: Dong Lan 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article interrogates the multiple roles Guy Delisle plays – author, narrator and commentator – all at once in his visual narratives: Shenzhen: A Travelogue from China (2006b), Pyongyang: A Journey in North Korea (2007b) and Burma Chronicles (2008). It examines how Delisle represents his interaction with foreign lands and people as well as the negative and positive impression left by travel through his first-person narrator, a troubled artist abroad. In particular, this article discusses three aspects of Delisle’s travelogues: personal perspective, non-linear narrative structure, and the artist’s visual reflection of his trips to China, North Korea and Burma during and after the travel. Combining textual narrative with visual representation in the form of comics, Delisle’s books introduce a new dimension to travel writing.
A Prevalência de Hipóxia perinatal em gemelares de Maternidade Pública em Juazeiro do Norte – CE
Authors: Barbosa Maria de Lourdes Gomes , Castro Célia Maria Machado Barbosa de , Telles Maria Valéria Leimig , Belarmino Ana Luísa Barbosa , Parente Lucas Leimig Telles , Mendonça Aléxia Bezerra de , Parente Rodrigo Emmanuel Leimig Telles 
Published: October 2016

Hipóxia perinatal é considerada como uma das condições fetais que pode está relacionada à gemelaridade. Este estudo teve como objetivo quantificar a prevalência de hipóxia perinatal em gemelares.Trata-se de um estudo transversal, utilizando a revisão de prontuários de gemelares nascidos vivos, de janeiro a dezembro de 2013, no Hospital Municipal São Lucas, em Juazeiro do Norte-CE. O número total dos partos gemelares foi de 34 partos dos quais, a hipóxia apresentou um percentual de 50% ou seja, 17 casos. A maior prevalência dos dados maternos foi: 94% das mulheres tinham entre 16 e 35 anos de idade; 65% eram solteiras; 59% tinham o ensino fundamental completo; 94% tiveram entre 1 a 5 gestações; 65% fizeram entre 6 a 10 consultas de pré-natal; 88% tinham menos de 37 semanas de idade gestacional; 32% eram fumantes e 68% não. Os resultados dos dados de RNs foram:65% foram de parto cesário; 76% apresentação cefálica; 41% tiveram menos de 12 horas no tempo de bolsa rota durante o parto; 65% com Apgar acima de 5 no quinto minuto de vida; 34% do sexo masculinos e 47% femininos; 50% tinham menos de 34 semanas de vida e 53% tinham baixo peso ao nascer. Ressalvamos que muitas das causas que contribuíram para a hipóxia em gemelaressão passíveis de serem modificados através de medidas preventivas no serviço de saúde. Para isso é fundamental uma adequada assistência à gestante durante o pré-natal, assim como, uma atenção humanizada ao parto e ao recém-nascido.
Crianças Autistas e o Processo de Ensino e Aprendizagem: desafio para Pais e Professores
Authors: Carvalho Cicera Reuva Da Silva 
Published: October 2016

Quando se fala sobre autismo, percebe-se que são muitas as dúvidas e indagações a serem respondidas sobre o referido tema. Neste contexto fica difícil identificar as características de uma criança com autismo. No âmbito escolar há um grande desafio para se lidar com esse transtorno, tornando assim mais difícil a identificação e o acompanhamento junto a clientela. O papel do psicopedagogo nesse processo de acompanhamento e adaptação da criança autista é primordial e de grande importância para a família, pois proporciona uma melhor comunicação entre pais e filhos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as dificuldades encontradas tanto pela família como pelos professores que trabalham com as crianças autistas. A metodologia usada foi a qualitativa, através de uma visita a uma Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (APAE). Foi utilizado um questionário com a psicopedagoga e com a profissional que faz o atendimento as crianças com autismo.
Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida e da prevalência de risco de sobrepeso e obesida de em moradores da zona urbana de Milagres - CE
Authors: Maciel João Paulo Da Silva , Souza Thiago Cabral de , Silva João Marcos Ferreira de Lima e , Malveira Plínio Pinto , Rolim Raissa Araújo 
Published: October 2016

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a qualidade de vida, prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em moradores da zona Urbana. A população foi composta por moradores da zona urbana de milagres – CE de ambos os sexos. A amostra para este estudo foi de 100 habitantes, sendo 47 do sexo masculino e 53 do sexo feminino, com idades entre 14 e 70 anos residentes na zona Urbana do Município de Milagres, Estado do Ceara. O instrumento utilizado na coleta dos dados foi o Pentáculo do Bem-estar, que abrange os componentes relacionados à nutrição, atividade física, comportamento preventivo (CP), relacionamentos e controle do estresse (CE). Para análise do estado nutricional foi utilizado o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e a Relação Cintura-Quadril (RCQ). Utilizou-se de estatística descritiva, por meio do software SPSS versão 15.0. Os resultados mostram que, 14,9% dos homens e 17,0% das mulheres apresentam risco baixo e 36,2% dos homens e 24,5% das mulheres apresentam risco moderado, 29,8% dos homens e 35,8% das mulheres, apresentam risco alto; e 19,1% dos homens e 22,6% das mulheres, risco muito alto. Conclui-se que há predominância de escores negativos na análise da Qualidade de Vida, tais fatores podem ter influenciado na prevalência de Sobrepeso e Obesidade. Sugere-se maior controle nutricional e pratica de exercícios físicos, melhorias nos hábitos alimentares, visando prevenir os níveis elevados de gordura corporal.
ЗМІНИ ГЕМАТОЛОГІЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ У КОТІВ ЗА НОТОЕДРОЗУ ТА ВНАСЛІДОК ЛІКУВАННЯ РІЗНИМИ СПОСОБАМИ
Authors: Bakhur T.I. , Poberezhets S.P. 
Published: October 2016

This paper presents the results of the hematological studies of cats with notoedrosis, also at 8th and 20th day of treatment with different schemes. It was found that, due to Notoedres cati parasitism, cats have violated not only the structure of the skin at the site of injury, but also damaged the body as a whole. Under the influence of mites metabolites and products of inflammation occurs sensitization and abnormal liver work, due to soreness jaws – breakdown of nutrients available. These processes are reflected in the significant changes in hematological parameters sick cats compared with healthy: erythropenia (16.2%), leukocytosis (2 times), eosinophilia (5.9 times), the appearance of basophils (4.20 ± 0.16 %) and young neutrophils (5.10 ± 0.28%); decreased hemoglobin concentration (19.1%), total protein (18.9%), albumin (27.1%), Calcium (14.3%); increased content of total bilirubin (91.2%), cholesterol (75.5%), creatinine (39.6%); increase the activity of enzymes ALT (2.9 times), AST (3.2 times) and LF (34.6%).Using the dectomax for cats with notoedrosis in combination with an extract of wax worms 25 % orally and sulfur-tar liniment with the addition of wax moth larvae topically, can reduce intoxication, speeding recovery. So, at the 20th day of treatment in the blood of such animals is observed: reliably fewer of leukocytes (25.1%), including eosinophils (45.9%), basophils are disappearing; increase in hemoglobin concentration (11.1%), total protein (11.4%) and albumin (20.5%); lower level of total bilirubin (24.3%); reduction in the activity of enzymes ALT (36.5%) and AST (49.3%) compared with cats treated with dectomax and sulfur-tar liniment.
ВПЛИВ МІКРОЕЛЕМЕНТІВ ТА ГУМІЛІДУ НА ВІДТВОРНУ ФУНКЦІЮ ТЕЛИЦЬ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ М’ЯСНОЇ ПОРОДИ
Authors: Gryban V. , Mylostiva D. , Pecheniy E. 
Published: October 2016

The article presents research data on the impact of deficient dietary microelements (cobalt and selenium) and biologically active supplement Humilid on the indicators of the reproductive function of heifers after the first calving. We have found out that Humilid and trace elements influence on the physiological state of reproductive organs and stimulate the sexual heat of animals. Regarding the duration of the period from calving to fertilized insemination, the difference between the control and experimental groups is more visible. Thus, the service period in the experimental group I (under the influence of Humilid) was 293.2 days, which is 2.6 days less than in the control group. In the experimental group II (under the influence of cobalt and selenium), it was, respectively, by 3.9 days less than in the control one. This may indicate that the minerals and dietary supplements contribute to more rapid recovery of the ovarian cycle. Protein composition of blood serum was investigated in the study of the biochemical spectrum of blood. Balancing the nutrition of animals with deficient dietary microelements and adding Humilid increase the concentration of protein molecules, which is visible from the indicator of crude protein and its components - albumen and globulin.In comparison with animals in the control group, a total protein level of heifers in the experimental group I was higher by 8.8% (P <0.05), and in the experimental group II - by 8.6% (P <0.05). This may indicate the increased intensity of synthetic and redox processes in heifers’ bodies in preovulatory period which serve best for the insemination.The level of albumen was also higher by 8.0 and 7.3% respectively under the influence of Humilid and trace elements in relation to the control group, indicating the improvement of transport of substances, in our case estradiol.As far as globulin is concerned, the growth of this class of proteins was marked by 9.4 and 9.6%, indicating the improvement of the level of resistance of the organism. Thus, the increase in blood biochemical parameters creates certain conditions in heifers’ body to improve their insemination.