bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Knowledge in Choice, Valuation, and Outcomes for Multi-Attribute Goods
Authors: Gustafson Christopher R. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Though the number of choices that individuals routinely must make has proliferated, comparatively little attention has been paid in the economics literature to consumer – compared to expert – knowledge, and its role in facilitating valuation and affecting choice outcomes. In this article, I review relevant work in economics, and then focus on research on knowledge that has used wine as the object of interest. Psychologists and sensory scientists have studied the role of wine expertise in sensory perception and categorization, and I review this literature to suggest how knowledge might also affect valuation and choice in the wine market. I finish by describing three recent studies on the role of knowledge in consumer valuation, information use, and choice outcomes in the American wine market. All three studies provide strong evidence that consumer knowledge is an important variable to consider in markets for differentiated products. Knowledge allows people to make greater use of objective label information when valuing wine in an experimental auction context, with high knowledge participants updating their bids more after participants received new information. In a field experiment, we find that high knowledge consumers derive greater value when selecting wines from a substantial inventory than do low knowledge consumers.
A Cup Today or a Pot Later: On the Discounting of Delayed Caffeinated Beverages
Authors: Jarmolowicz David P. , Lemley Shea M. , Cruse Dylan , Sofis Michael J. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Delay discounting describes how the subjective value of a given commodity decreases as the delay to receiving that commodity increases. Decades of behavioral economic research have found that individuals suffering from a range of clinical conditions (e.g., drug addiction, obesity) tend to devalue delayed rewards more quickly than individuals without said clinical conditions and that such individuals tend to discount subjectively equivalent amounts of their disorder-related commodity (e.g., cocaine for a cocaine dependent individual) more rapidly than money. Rates of discounting in regular caffeine users versus occasional caffeine users remain unknown, as does the rate at which individuals discount delayed caffeinated beverages. The present study used a novel discounting questionnaire to examine discounting of caffeinated beverages and money in daily and occasional caffeine users. As with other commodities, caffeinated beverages were discounted at higher rates than money, but this elevated rate of caffeine discounting was only seen in occasional users. Unlike users of other psychostimulants, daily caffeine users did not discount more rapidly than controls. These findings are discussed in light on the existing body of evidence on delay discounting.
Diagnostic approach in children with unusual symptoms of acquired hypothyroidism. When to look for pituitary hyperplasia?
Authors: Kocova Mirjana , Zdraveska Nikolina , Kacarska Rozana , Kochova Elena 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPituitary hyperplasia secondary to primary longstanding hypothyroidism has been reported in the literature in adults and rarely in children.Here we present the clinical presentation and diagnostic procedures in eight children with pituitary hyperplasia due to autoimmune thyroiditis, highlighting common findings, such as growth delay, fatigue or gaining weight, but also exceptional findings such as pericardial effusion, rhabdomyolysis, isolated hypertrichosis, and Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome, which have rarely or never been described.Surprisingly no thyroid enlargement was detected. We discuss the unusual presenting signs of autoimmune thyroiditis that should raise the suspicion of pituitary hyperplasia. We suggest that a more elaborate clinical assessment and even modification of the diagnostic approach to autoimmune thyroiditis is needed in order to avoid its serious complications.
Effects of chemical plating time on the electromechanical properties of ionic polymer metal composites
Authors: Zhao Gang , Sun Zhuangzhi , Guo Huajun , Bi Hongshi , Xu Yan , Muhammad Farid 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The electromechanical properties of ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are affected by many factors that are closely related to different physical and chemical preparation processes. This article focuses on the effects of chemical plating time on the electromechnical properties of IPMCs. First, a laminated electrode model, composed of a middle layer and a surface electrode layer, is presented in order to understand the factors affecting the electromechanical properties of IPMCs. Subsequently, the electromechanical properties were further performed by changing the chemical plating time of the polymer samples, and the impact effects were obtained by morphology characteristic analysis. The experiments revealed the mechanisms that lead to a decrease in surface electrode thickness under different chemical plating times as well as a decline in electromechanical properties.
A thermal-plastic model of friction stir welding in aluminum alloy
Authors: Peilei Zhang , Hua Yan , Chonggui Li , Zhishui Yu , Qinghua Lu 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
A three-dimensional heat transfer model for friction stir welding is presented in this paper. A moving coordinate was introduced to reduce the difficulty of modeling the moving tool. Heat input from the tool shoulder and the tool pin were considered in the model. The plastic deformation heat was introduced into the model, too. It is clear that the heat production increased owing to plastic deformation, and this process depends on the stress level. Temperature measurement experiments were done to validate the calculated results. The calculated results were in good agreement with the experimental results. Preheating the workpiece is beneficial to obtain a good weld seam.
The modulated structures of La2–x
Pr
x
O2MnSe2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) and La2–x
Nd
x
O2MnSe2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6)
Authors: Peschke Simon , Johrendt Dirk 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The solid solutions La2–x
Pr
x
O2MnSe2 (0≤x≤1) and La2–x
Nd
x
O2MnSe2 (0≤x≤0.6) were synthesized in a NaI/KI flux between 800 and 900°C. The selenide oxides adopt a ZrCuSiAs-related structure with modulated [MnSe2]2–-layers which consist of a mixture of edge- and corner-sharing MnSe4/2-tetrahedra. The crystal structures are described with a (3+1)D model in superspace group Cmme(α0½)0s0. The modulation vector q can be controlled by partial substitution of La3+ for Pr3+ and Nd3+ via the unit cell volume leading to, amongst others, (La0.55Pr0.45)2O2MnSe2 with α=1/6, which allows the projection onto 3D space by using a simple sixfold a axis.
Astragalectomía. Evaluación funcional y radiográfica. Reporte de 5 casos. [Talectomy. Functional and radiographic evaluation. Report of 5 cases]
Authors: Radkievich Ruben David , Sancevich Juan Ignacio , Seletti Maximiliano Carlos , D´Elia Martin , Lombardo Ernesto 
Published: November 2015

<p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Objetivos</strong>: Analizar las indicaciones de la astragalectomía y evaluar resultados radiográficos y funcionales de la técnica en cuatro pacientes.</p><p><strong>Materiales y Métodos</strong>: Se evaluaron funcional (Score AOFAS) y radiológicamente (Rx y RMI) 5 astragalectomías en 4 pacientes con diferentes etiologías. Caso 1 y 4 osteonecrosis infectada secundario a fracturas expuestas de astrágalo, caso 2 osteonecrosis asociada a equino varo y retropié rígido, secuela de fractura expuesta grave de tibia y caso 3, equino varo y retropié rígido neurológico bilateral .Todos los pacientes del sexo masculino. Edad promedio 32.5 años (19 a 56).</p><p>Abordaje anteroexterno en pié y tobillo .Astragalectomía y fijación en posición de corrección con 2 clavos de Steinmann de3 mm. Tenotomía del Aquiles u otros procedimientos según necesidad.</p><p><strong>Resultados: </strong>Seguimiento de 38 meses (15 A 84), sin signos de osteoartrosis, o signos leves y sin dolor. Score AOFAS de 81,4 puntos (prequirúrgico de 17), una discrepancia de longitud del miembro inferior de2 cm, y un rango de flexo-extensión de 18° en promedio (variancia entre 10° y 45°). Dos varo leves del retropié y tres alineaciones neutras asintomáticos.</p><p><strong>Conclusión: </strong>Se observa una buena correlación entre la sintomatología de los pacientes, la alineación adecuada y los escasos signos imagenológicos de artrosis tibiocalcánea o en el resto del pié. Ante la imposibilidad técnica de artrodesis o artroplastía de tobillo como método de tratamiento, la astragalectomía es un método de salvataje para pacientes con deformidades muy severas, o déficit de stock óseo e infecciones recalcitrantes de la articulación del tobillo.</p>
Enclavado endomedular en fracturas del tercio distal de tibia. [Intramedullary nailing in distal tibial fracture.]
Authors: Arroquy Damian , Chahla Jorge , Gomez Rodriguez Gustavo , Cid Casteulani Alberto , Svarzchtein Santiago , Gomez Diego , Pesciallo Cesar 
Published: November 2015

<p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los resultados obtenidos con enclavado endomedular acerrojado en pacientes con fractura del tercio distal de tibia.</p><p><strong>Materiales y métodos</strong></p><p>Los criterios de inclusión del presente estudio fueron: pacientes esqueléticamente maduros con fracturas desplazadas del tercio distal de tibia, tratadas con clavo endomedular con un seguimiento mínimo de un año. Se excluyeron las fracturas expuestas Gustilo III y las fracturas tipo C de la clasificación AO (Trazo articular completo). La muestra quedo conformada por 35 pacientes. El tiempo de seguimiento postoperatorio fue de 29,2 meses. Se evaluó el tiempo de consolidación, consolidación viciosa y complicaciones. Los resultados funcionales fueron descriptos según el score AOFAS.</p><p><strong>Resultados</strong></p><p>De los 35 pacientes con fractura del tercio distal de tibia la totalidad de los mismos presentaron consolidación de la fractura. El tiempo promedio de consolidación fue de 17,2 semanas (rango:11-26). Del total de la muestra, 5 pacientes presentaron retardo de consolidación, requiriendo la dinamización del clavo en promedio a las 12 semanas.</p><p>La consolidación viciosa se hizo presente en 4(11,4%) pacientes. No encontramos diferencia estadística (<em>p</em>: 0,201) en el tiempo de consolidación entre las fracturas asociadas con fracturas del peroné tratadas (13sem) o no (17sem). El score AOFAS, fue de 86 puntos.</p><p><strong>Conclusión</strong></p><p>Se plantea el enclavado endomedular con múltiples cerrojos distales como una buena alternativa de tratamiento para las fracturas de tibia distal AO tipo A o B, con bajo porcentaje de complicaciones y un alto índice de consolidación.</p>
Análisis prospectivo de los bioinsumos agrícolas en Colombia: una consulta a expertos
Authors: Zambrano Moreno Diana Corina , Bonilla Buitrago Ruth Rebeca , Avellaneda Laura , Zambrano Gregorio 
Published: November 2015

<p><strong>Título en ingles: Prospective analysis of agricultural bioinoculants in Colombia: an expert consultation</strong></p><p>La productividad y sostenibilidad de la agricultura en Colombia pueden ser influidas positivamente a través del aprovechamiento de la biodiversidad para la producción de bioinsumos. Fueron analizados a mediano y largo plazo, los posibles escenarios futuros generados por las regulaciones que intervienen en el avance tecnológico de los bioinsumos, a través de la aplicación de una encuesta Delphi, con la participación de 23 expertos, teniendo en cuenta las tres dimensiones del desarrollo sostenible. Sobre la base de este estudio, se encontró que el 65% de los expertos consideran que el impacto de la innovación o el desarrollo tecnológico del uso de bioinsumos en la producción agrícola, tiene un alto impacto económico con un nivel de concordancia significativo (≥0.05). Adicionalmente, el 65% seleccionó como el mejor escenario, en el cual se den condiciones que promuevan mayor desarrollo, acceso y aplicación de los bioinsumos, de tal forma que se incremente el ritmo de incorporación de la tecnología por parte de los productores. En conclusión, más allá del nivel de desarrollo tecnológico, es necesario revisar los procesos legislativos para la comercialización de los bioinsumos, fue evidente que el éxito futuro de la industria de la producción de productos biológicos dependerá de la gestión de empresas innovadoras, la eficiente comercialización de los mismos, la educación y transferencia a los productores y el progreso de la investigación.</p>
A crítica de Adorno à ontologia fundamental de Heidegger a partir da interpretação heideggeriana de Kant
Authors: Silveira Sara Juliana Pozzer da 
Published: November 2015

Este artigo analisa a crítica de Adorno à ontologia de Heidegger. Para tal, utiliza como leitmotiv a interpretação heideggeriana de Kant. Procuraremos mostrar que para Adorno a edificação da ontologia fundamental a partir da filosofia de Kant é uma interpretação indevida desta. Por fim, procura apontar uma possível saída na filosofia de Adorno para o problema da necessidade de fundamentação do discurso filosófico. Tal saída passa pela constatação da importância da arte para a construção da universalidade na filosofia.
Considerações sobre a teoria do cérebro triuno e sua relevância para uma filosofia da mente e das emoções
Authors: Mograbi Gabriel José Corrêa 
Published: November 2015

Este artigo estabelece algumas relações fundamentais entre evolução, a teoria do cérebro triuno e a relevância que esta pode ter para a fundamentação empírica de uma filosofia da mente e das emoções. Inicialmente, será especialmente considerada a posição do filósofo Ronald de Sousa no seu já clássico artigo “The Mind’s Bermuda Triangle: Philosophy of Emotions and Empirical Science”, parte do Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Emotions. A segunda seção discute a validade da teoria do “cérebro triuno” como abordagem neuroetológica evolutiva, delineando sua divisão tripartite do cérebro e analisando críticas e elogios às suas ideias, além de considerações de neurocientistas importantes no campo do estudo das emoções como Ledoux e Panksepp sobre tal tema. Na terceira seção, trato de um trabalho de Pollen e Hofmann que nos serve de apresentação de novas abordagens contemporâneas para a compreensão da evolução do cérebro. Como conclusão delineio um marco de trabalho na forma de uma agenda de pesquisa para as relações entre biologia evolutiva, neurociência e o estudo filosófico das emoções.
Organismo e função reguladora: determinações do vivo em Georges Canguilhem
Authors: Labrea Vanessa Nicola , Madarasz Norman Roland 
Published: November 2015

O artigo compreende o cerne da obra de Georges Canguilhem (1904-1995) como um ponto de cruzamento entre problemáticas fundamentalmente médico biológicas e problemáticas sócio-políticas. A consideração histórica descontinuísta do desenvolvimento de conceitos científicos e a classificação da técnica enquanto prótese do organismo vivo, entre outras particularidades, situam o pensamento canguilhemeano na fronteira entre áreas do conhecimento demarcadas separadamente. O que integra e individualiza o seu trabalho filosófico é a ponderação do vital enquanto categoria de base para intelecção e reconstrução de problemas interdisciplinares. Após indicar o posicionamento de Canguilhem dentro do quadro da filosofia francesa do século XX, o artigo procura demonstrar de que maneira a função de regulação é um dos pilares organizadores do pensamento do “vivo” (le vivant) em sua obra.
Engineered 2D nanomaterials–protein interfaces for efficient sensors
Authors: Tadi Kiran Kumar , Narayanan Tharangattu N. , Arepalli Sivaram , Banerjee Kaustav , Viswanathan Sowmya , Liepmann Dorian , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Renugopalakrishnan Venkatesan 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Los emigrantes ecuatorianos como “arquitectos de su propio destino”
Authors: Salazar Estrada Yovany 
Published: November 2015

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Se propone fundamentar, ejemplificar y analizar cuatro dimensiones positivas, devenidas de la emigración internacional de ecuatorianos en dirección a los Estados nacionales más desarrollados del Hemisferio Boreal, de manera preferente Estados Unidos y España, las mismas que repercuten en beneficio del sujeto protagonista del desplazamiento poblacional y de su entorno familiar más inmediato, en el país de origen y en el de llegada, las mismas que aluden a la memoria, como la principal arma contra el olvido; los ineludibles cambios culturales producto de la interacción en el país de destino; la creación artística de los emigrantes o de alguno de sus familiares; y, los pensamientos y acciones de los emigrantes ecuatorianos como “arquitectos de su propio destino”. </span></p></div></div></div>
It is time to change land use and landscape management in the czech republic
Authors: Petřík Petr , Fanta Josef , Petrtýl Martin 
Published: November 2015

abstract
The identity of man‐made landscapes is based on the balance among their ecological, cultural, and economic dimensions. Since the 1950s, short‐term economic benefits have globally often outweighed long‐term interests. This results in decreased landscape quality manifested as increased erosion of agricultural land, decreased water retention capacity, increased landscape uniformity, and loss of biodiversity. A new phenomenon influencing the condition of man‐made landscapes is climate change. Extreme fluctuations of temperature and precipitation have been causing repeated floods and also periods of drought in Europe. Landscapes damaged by inappropriate management are unable to offset these impacts. It is necessary to stop this development by changing land use and management methods to restore the balance among landscape functions.
For the Czech Republic, we propose to develop a long‐term landscape vision and to formulate a responsible landscape policy with regional strategic goals, including subsidies and penalties (carrots and sticks), based on the principles of the European Landscape Convention. To promote ecological stability, we recommend allocating funds from the Common Agricultural Policy to both the restoration and maintenance of valuable habitats. Landscape research and management (based on habitat/species monitoring in cooperation with stakeholders) must be strengthened in order to play a proper role in the transformation.
It is time for clear communication with the public and the training of state officials and land users in spatial and landscape planning. To fill this gap in interdisciplinary cooperation, we call for the establishment of a platform on sustainable landscape management in the Czech Republic.
The importance of species phylogenetic relationships and species traits for the intensity of plant‐soil feedback
Authors: Münzbergová Z. , Šurinová M. 
Published: November 2015

Plant‐soil feedback (PSF) represents an important process affecting natural plant communities. While many previous studies demonstrated the variation in the intensity of PSF between species, the mechanisms driving these differences are still largely unexplored.The aim of the study was to explore the importance of species traits and species phylogenetic relationships on the intensity of plant‐soil feedback. To do this we used a classical design to test plant soil feedback, i.e., a two‐phase experiment consisting of conditioning and cultivation phase. In the conditioning phase, we used 30 different species from the Carduoidea subfamily of Asteraceae and conditioned soil by each of these species separately. In the cultivation phase, we observed growth of four of these species in all the soils. We predict that the intensity of PSF will be more intense between plants which are more closely related than between unrelated species. As an alternative, we explore the possibility that the intensity of PFS will be a function of plant traits related to nutrient acquisition by the plant. The intensity of feedback was significantly dependent on phylogeny in several cases indicating that more closely related species show more similar feedback effects. The feedback response was also affected by the chemical composition of the cultivated soil. In addition, the intensity of feedback was affected by height of the cultivating species and its ability to accumulate nitrogen and phosphorus in their leaves. While in most of these cases there is an indication that plants grow better in soils cultivated by smaller species accumulating less nutrients, in some cases the pattern in opposite. The direction and intensity of plant‐soil feedback also strongly differed between life stages with seedling number commonly showing a response which was opposite to the response of the adults. Synthesis: The results supported our expectation that plant‐soil feedback may be affected by species phylogenetic relationships. In addition, we have shown that also plant traits and the effect of the conditioning plant on soil chemistry may be useful factors allowing us to predict the intensity of plant‐soil feedback in the system.
Estudio retrospectivo del estado refractivo en niños prematuros de tres a cuatro meses de edad corregida, realizado en el programa Madre Canguro Integral, Hospital San Ignacio, Bogotá
Authors: Sánchez Espinosa Jenny Maritza , Merchán Price María Susana 
Published: November 2015

<p>El estado refractivo en los niños al nacer está dado por la asociación entre los parámetros ópticos y la longitud axial del globo ocular, que van cambiando con el desarrollo del niño hasta conseguir la emetropización. Objetivo: determinar el estado refractivo de niños prematuros de tres a cuatro meses de edad, corregido en el Programa Madre Canguro del Hospital San Ignacio. Materiales y métodos: se revisaron 4908 historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos entre el 1º de julio del 2004 y el 31 de junio del 2009. Resultados: 1731 historias clínicas cumplieron los criterios de inclusión (52,3 % hombres y 47,7 % mujeres). La mediana de la edad gestacional fue de 34 semanas (Q 4); la mediana del peso al nacer, 1880 gramos con (Q 570). El estado refractivo fue del 67,26 % para astigmatismo hipermetrópico, y cuando se clasificó en 64 categorías, este defecto representó el 8,55 % (categoría 14 con esferas de +3,00 a +3,75, con cilindros de -1,00 a -1.75). No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el defecto refractivo y el peso al nacer (p = 0,08), la edad gestacional (p = 0,582), la clasificación de Luchenco (p = 0,968) y el suministro de oxígeno (p = 0,568). Conclusiones: el defecto refractivo más frecuente en los prematuros es el astigmatismo hipermetrópico, que coincide con el proceso de emetropización; no hay correlación entre la maduración del niño al nacer y el grado de hipermetropía y no se encontró correlación entre el nivel de oxígeno y el grado de ametropía.</p>