bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apparitions and the Public Sphere in Seventeenth-Century France
Authors: Beam Sara 
Published: December 2016

During the French constitutional crisis of the Fronde (1648-52), over five thousand different pamphlets flooded Parisian marketplaces in response to the demands of a curious and active reading public. Most of these pamphlets, collectively known as the Mazarinades, were critical of the queen and expressed their discontent in songs, burlesque poems, and imaginary dialogues. In some of these pamphlets, ghosts, emissaries from God and other supernatural beings appeared before French subjects and the queen to comment on the political crisis facing France. When the apparitions visited French commoners, in particular bourgeois men and hermits, these supernatural beings admonished the men to take an active role in opposing the queen. Borrowing conventional tropes from the theatre and exploiting a popular interest in the supernatural, the authors of the apparition pamphlets imagined a new political role for commoners in absolutist France. Although a fully developed political public sphere did not emerge until the eighteenth century, by exploring individual psychology and the nature of political authority, the apparition Mazarinades were an important precursor of later French political discourse. Jürgen Habermas and historians of France interested in the development of the public sphere usually dismiss the Mazarinades as slander rather than serious political commentary; in doing so, they represent the emergence of the public sphere in the eighteenth century as a break with absolutism. Instead, the apparition pamphlets demonstrate that representations of private individuals as political subjects were being explored throughout the seventeenth century as well.
Debt and the English Aristocracy
Authors: David  , Spring Eileen 
Published: December 2016

This article analyses a long debate on the subject of aristocratic debt, showing that in the course of discussion ideas gained currency that are much to be questioned. The debate originated in a thesis put forward by David Spring that English landowners were heavily indebted in the early years of the nineteenth century, and that their indebtedness subsequently was reduced through the effects of the industrial revolution and the growth of evangelical piety. Two objections have been taken to this thesis. First, F.M.L. Thompson early on sought to define the point to which debt might go and yet a family restore its fortunes without selling land. Citing the case of the marquess of Ailesbury, he provided figures which have since become gospel, figures which suggest that landowners were not heavily indebted. Second, taking a quite different tack, David Cannadine and John Habakkuk have more recently argued that the industrial revolution meant little for landed debt. Industrial development brought small increase of income to landowners, and whatever increase it did bring, was not devoted to retiring debt. Aristocratic landowners were by nature extravagant. Their debts grew from the seventeenth century onward. The article finds both these objections to be faulty. It shows that the Ailesbury case has been misinterpreted, and that as a result an absurdly high notion has prevailed as to how far debt might safely go on a landed estate, causing much confusion to run through historians’ discussions. The article also shows, through an analysis of the strict settlement (the aristocratic marriage settlement), that landowners were essentially prudent in the management of their estates and concerned to limit debt upon them.
Cretica II
Authors: Genevrois Gérard 
Published: December 2016

L’article traite de quatre sujets tirés de l’étude lexicologique des inscriptions crétoises. 1. Dans les textes juridiques gortyniens du Ve s., le présent
φωνέω «déclarer (en justice) » forme avec l’aoriste ἔϝειπα un système supplétif
ad hoc complété par quelques formes empruntées à la racine * ϝρη-. 2. L’interprétation nouvelle d’une inscription hellénistique de Lébèna révèle l’exploitation de salines par le sanctuaire d’Asclépios placé sous la tutelle de Gortyne. 3. L’orthographe curieuse du nom du cyprès dans le texte des lamelles d’or «orphiques » découvertes à proximité d’Eleutherna pourrait fournir de précieuses indications sur la date de composition du prototype crétois de ce «guide pour l’au-delà » . 4. Dans la junctura ϝήμᾱ -ἀνπιδήμᾱ attestée au Ve s. à Gortyne, le témoignage d’Hésychius et un passage d’Homère suggèrent que le second terme se réfère non à des bijoux mais à des chaussures de cuir lacées autour des chevilles.
ENERGY BUDGET OF FORMING CLUMPS IN NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF COLLAPSING CLOUDS
Authors: Camacho Vianey , Vázquez-Semadeni Enrique , Ballesteros-Paredes Javier , Gómez Gilberto C. , Fall S. Michael , Mata-Chávez M. Dolores 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We analyze the physical properties and energy balance of density enhancements in two SPH simulations of the formation, evolution, and collapse of giant molecular clouds. In the simulations, no feedback is included, so all motions are due either to the initial decaying turbulence or to gravitational contraction. We define clumps as connected regions above a series of density thresholds. The resulting full set of clumps follows the generalized energy equipartition relation,

, where

is the velocity dispersion, R is the “radius,” and Σ is the column density. We interpret this as a natural consequence of gravitational contraction at all scales rather than virial equilibrium. Nevertheless, clumps with low Σ tend to show a large scatter around equipartition. In more than half of the cases, this scatter is dominated by external turbulent compressions that assemble the clumps rather than by small-scale random motions that would disperse them. The other half does actually disperse. Moreover, clump sub-samples selected by means of different criteria exhibit different scalings. Sub-samples with narrow Σ ranges follow Larson-like relations, although characterized by their respective values of Σ. Finally, we find that (i) clumps lying in filaments tend to appear sub-virial, (ii) high-density cores (

cm3) that exhibit moderate kinetic energy excesses often contain sink (“stellar”) particles and the excess disappears when the stellar mass is taken into account in the energy balance, and (iii) cores with kinetic energy excess but no stellar particles are truly in a state of dispersal.
IBEX OBSERVATIONS OF SECONDARY INTERSTELLAR HELIUM AND OXYGEN DISTRIBUTIONS
Authors: Park Jeewoo , Kucharek Harald , Möbius Eberhard , Galli André , Kubiak Marzena A. , Bzowski Maciej , McComas David J. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
In this study, we investigate the directional distributions of the secondary interstellar neutral (ISN) He and O populations at Earth's orbit. The secondary populations are created by charge exchange between ISN atoms and interstellar ions in the outer heliosheath. Using the IBEX-Lo He and O observations during the winter–spring seasons (early December to early June) in 2009–2011, we produced all-sky maps for He and O atoms with sputtering corrections. These sky maps include the directional distributions of the primary ISN gas and secondary populations. Our investigations reveal that the secondary He and O populations are observed in the ecliptic longitude range 160°–210°. The peak longitudes of the secondary He and O appear to be 14°–34° and 38°–43° away from the peak longitude of the primary interstellar gas flow, respectively. These results indicate that the secondary populations have lower bulk speeds relative to the Sun and their flow directions deviate from the primary gas flow. These results may indicate that one side of the outer heliosheath is thicker than the other side relative to the flow direction of the primary interstellar gas flow.
LEPTON ACCELERATION IN THE VICINITY OF THE EVENT HORIZON: HIGH-ENERGY AND VERY-HIGH-ENERGY EMISSIONS FROM ROTATING BLACK HOLES WITH VARIOUS MASSES
Authors: Hirotani Kouichi , Pu Hung-Yi , Lin Lupin Chun-Che , Chang Hsiang-Kuang , Inoue Makoto , Kong Albert K. H. , Matsushita Satoki , Tam Pak-Hin T. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We investigate the electrostatic acceleration of electrons and positrons in the vicinity of the event horizon, applying the pulsar outer-gap model to black hole (BH) magnetospheres. During a low accretion phase, the radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF) cannot emit enough MeV photons that are needed to sustain the force-free magnetosphere via two-photon collisions. In such a charge-starved region (or a gap), an electric field arises along the magnetic field lines to accelerate electrons and positrons into ultra-relativistic energies. These relativistic leptons emit copious gamma rays via curvature and inverse-Compton (IC) processes. Some of such gamma rays collide with the submillimeter-IR photons emitted from the RIAF to materialize as pairs, which polarize to partially screen the original acceleration electric field. It is found that the gap gamma-ray luminosity increases with decreasing accretion rate. However, if the accretion rate decreases too much, the diminished RIAF soft photon field can no longer sustain a stationary pair production within the gap. As long as a stationary gap is formed, the magnetosphere becomes force-free outside the gap by the cascaded pairs, irrespective of the BH mass. If a nearby stellar-mass BH is in quiescence, or if a galactic intermediate-mass BH is in a very low accretion state, its curvature and IC emissions are found to be detectable with Fermi/LAT and imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACT). If a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus is located within about 30 Mpc, the IC emission from its supermassive BH is marginally detectable with IACT.
THE ROTATION OF THE SOLAR PHOTOSPHERIC MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Xu J. C. , Gao P. X. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The rotational characteristics of the solar photospheric magnetic field at four flux ranges are investigated together with the total flux of active regions (MFar) and quiet regions (MFqr). The first four ranges (MF1–4) are (1.5–2.9) × 1018, (2.9–32.0) × 1018, (3.20–4.27) × 1019, and (4.27–38.01) × 1019, respectively (the unit is Mx per element). Daily values of the flux data are extracted from magnetograms of the Michelson Doppler Imager on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory. Lomb–Scargle periodograms show that only MF2, MF4, MFqr, and MFar exhibit rotational periods. The periods of the first three types of flux are very similar, i.e., 26.20, 26.23, and 26.24 days, respectively, while that of MFar is longer, 26.66 days. This indicates that active regions rotate more slowly than quiet regions on average, and strong magnetic fields tend to repress the surface rotation. Sinusoidal function fittings and cross-correlation analyses reveal that MFar leads MF2 and MF4 by 5 and 1 days, respectively. This is speculated to be related with the decaying of active regions. MF2 and MFar are negatively correlated, while both MF4 and MFqr are positively correlated with MFar. At the timescale of the solar activity cycle, MFar leads (negatively) MF2 by around one year (350 days), and leads MF4 by about 3 rotation periods (82 days). The relation between MF2 and MFar may be explained by the possibility that the former mainly comes from a higher latitude, or emerges from the subsurface shear layer. We conjecture that MF4 may partly come from the magnetic flux of active regions; this verifies previous results that were obtained with indirect solar magnetic indices.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF EJECTA IN SUPERNOVA 1987A AT 10,000 DAYS
Authors: Larsson J. , Fransson C. , Spyromilio J. , Leibundgut B. , Challis P. , Chevalier R. A. , France K. , Jerkstrand A. , Kirshner R. P. , Lundqvist P. , Matsuura M. , McCray R. , Smith N. , Sollerman J. , Garnavich P. , Heng K. , Lawrence S. , Mattila S. , Migotto K. , Sonneborn G. , Taddia F. , Wheeler J. C. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Due to its proximity, SN 1987A offers a unique opportunity to directly observe the geometry of a stellar explosion as it unfolds. Here we present spectral and imaging observations of SN 1987A obtained ∼10,000 days after the explosion with HST/STIS and VLT/SINFONI at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. These observations allow us to produce the most detailed 3D map of Hα to date, the first 3D maps for [Ca ii]

, [O i]

, and Mg ii

, as well as new maps for [Si i]+[Fe ii]

and He i 2.058 μm. A comparison with previous observations shows that the [Si i]+[Fe ii] flux and morphology have not changed significantly during the past ten years, providing evidence that this line is powered by 44Ti. The time evolution of Hα shows that it is predominantly powered by X-rays from the ring, in agreement with previous findings. All lines that have sufficient signal show a similar large-scale 3D structure, with a north–south asymmetry that resembles a broken dipole. This structure correlates with early observations of asymmetries, showing that there is a global asymmetry that extends from the inner core to the outer envelope. On smaller scales, the two brightest lines, Hα and [Si i]+[Fe ii] 1.644 μm, show substructures at the level of ∼200–1000 km s–1and clear differences in their 3D geometries. We discuss these results in the context of explosion models and the properties of dust in the ejecta.
M31N 2008-12a—THE REMARKABLE RECURRENT NOVA IN M31: PANCHROMATIC OBSERVATIONS OF THE 2015 ERUPTION
Authors: Darnley M. J. , Henze M. , Bode M. F. , Hachisu I. , Hernanz M. , Hornoch K. , Hounsell R. , Kato M. , Ness J.-U. , Osborne J. P. , Page K. L. , Ribeiro V. A. R. M. , Rodríguez-Gil P. , Shafter A. W. , Shara M. M. , Steele I. A. , Williams S. C. , Arai A. , Arcavi I. , Barsukova E. A. , Boumis P. , Chen T. , Fabrika S. , Figueira J. , Gao X. , Gehrels N. , Godon P. , Goranskij V. P. , Harman D. J. , Hartmann D. H. , Hosseinzadeh G. , Horst J. Chuck , Itagaki K. , José J. , Kabashima F. , Kaur A. , Kawai N. , Kennea J. A. , Kiyota S. , Kučáková H. , Lau K. M. , Maehara H. , Naito H. , Nakajima K. , Nishiyama K. , O’Brien T. J. , Quimby R. , Sala G. , Sano Y. , Sion E. M. , Valeev A. F. , Watanabe F. , Watanabe M. , Williams B. F. , Xu Z. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The Andromeda Galaxy recurrent nova M31N 2008-12a had been observed in eruption 10 times, including yearly eruptions from 2008 to 2014. With a measured recurrence period of

days (we believe the true value to be half of this) and a white dwarf very close to the Chandrasekhar limit, M31N 2008-12a has become the leading pre-explosion supernova type Ia progenitor candidate. Following multi-wavelength follow-up observations of the 2013 and 2014 eruptions, we initiated a campaign to ensure early detection of the predicted 2015 eruption, which triggered ambitious ground- and space-based follow-up programs. In this paper we present the 2015 detection, visible to near-infrared photometry and visible spectroscopy, and ultraviolet and X-ray observations from the Swift observatory. The LCOGT 2 m (Hawaii) discovered the 2015 eruption, estimated to have commenced at August 28.28 ± 0.12 UT. The 2013–2015 eruptions are remarkably similar at all wavelengths. New early spectroscopic observations reveal short-lived emission from material with velocities ∼13,000 km s−1, possibly collimated outflows. Photometric and spectroscopic observations of the eruption provide strong evidence supporting a red giant donor. An apparently stochastic variability during the early supersoft X-ray phase was comparable in amplitude and duration to past eruptions, but the 2013 and 2015 eruptions show evidence of a brief flux dip during this phase. The multi-eruption Swift/XRT spectra show tentative evidence of high-ionization emission lines above a high-temperature continuum. Following Henze et al. (2015a), the updated recurrence period based on all known eruptions is

days, and we expect the next eruption of M31N 2008-12a to occur around 2016 mid-September.
ON THE MAGNETIC AND ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF RECURRENT HOMOLOGOUS JETS FROM AN EMERGING FLUX
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Wang Yuming , Erdélyi Robertus , Liu Rui , McIntosh Scott W. , Gou Tingyu , Chen Jun , Liu Kai , Liu Lijuan , Pan Zonghao 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we present the detailed analysis of recurrent homologous jets originating from an emerging negative magnetic flux at the edge of an active region. The observed jets show multithermal features. Their evolution shows high consistence with the characteristic parameters of the emerging flux, suggesting that with more free magnetic energy, the eruptions tend to be more violent, frequent, and blowout-like. The average temperature, average electron number density, and axial speed are found to be similar for different jets, indicating that they should have been formed by plasmas from similar origins. Statistical analysis of the jets and their footpoint region conditions reveals a strong positive relationship between the footpoint region total 131 Å intensity enhancement and jets’ length/width. Stronger linearly positive relationships also exist between the total intensity enhancement/thermal energy of the footpoint regions and jets’ mass/kinetic/thermal energy, with higher cross-correlation coefficients. All the above results together confirm the direct relationship between the magnetic reconnection and the jets and validate the important role of magnetic reconnection in transporting large amounts of free magnetic energy into jets. It is also suggested that there should be more free energy released during the magnetic reconnection of blowout than of standard jet events.
EXor OUTBURSTS FROM DISK AMPLIFICATION OF STELLAR MAGNETIC CYCLES
Authors: Armitage Philip J. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
EXor outbursts—moderate-amplitude disk accretion events observed in Class I and Class II protostellar sources—have timescales and amplitudes that are consistent with the viscous accumulation and release of gas in the inner disk near the dead zone boundary. We suggest that outbursts are indirectly triggered by stellar dynamo cycles, via poloidal magnetic flux that diffuses radially outward through the disk. Interior to the dead zone the strength of the net field modulates the efficiency of angular momentum transport by the magnetorotational instability. In the dead zone changes in the polarity of the net field may lead to stronger outbursts because of the dominant role of the Hall effect in this region of the disk. At the level of simple estimates we show that changes to kG-strength stellar fields could stimulate disk outbursts on 0.1 au scales, though this optimistic conclusion depends upon the uncertain efficiency of net flux transport through the inner disk. The model predicts a close association between observational tracers of stellar magnetic activity and EXor events.
THE RED SEQUENCE AT BIRTH IN THE GALAXY CLUSTER Cl J1449+0856 AT z = 2
Authors: Strazzullo V. , Daddi E. , Gobat R. , Valentino F. , Pannella M. , Dickinson M. , Renzini A. , Brammer G. , Onodera M. , Finoguenov A. , Cimatti A. , Carollo C. M. , Arimoto N. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We use Hubble Space Telescope/WFC3 imaging to study the red population in the IR-selected, X-ray detected, low-mass cluster Cl J1449+0856 at z = 2, one of the few bona fide established clusters discovered at this redshift, and likely a typical progenitor of an average massive cluster today. This study explores the presence and significance of an early red sequence in the core of this structure, investigating the nature of red-sequence galaxies, highlighting environmental effects on cluster galaxy populations at high redshift, and at the same time underlining similarities and differences with other distant dense environments. Our results suggest that the red population in the core of Cl J1449+0856 is made of a mixture of quiescent and dusty star-forming galaxies, with a seedling of the future red sequence already growing in the very central cluster region, and already characterizing the inner cluster core with respect to lower-density environments. On the other hand, the color–magnitude diagram of this cluster is definitely different from that of lower-redshift z ≲ 1 clusters, as well as of some rare particularly evolved massive clusters at similar redshift, and it is suggestive of a transition phase between active star formation and passive evolution occurring in the protocluster and established lower-redshift cluster regimes.
EQUILIBRIUM ROTATION STATES OF DOUBLY SYNCHRONOUS BINARY ASTEROIDS
Authors: Golubov Oleksiy , Scheeres Daniel J. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
A doubly synchronous binary asteroid simultaneously experiences YORP and BYORP, the former being independent of the radius of the orbit, while the latter is linearly dependent on the radius. In many systems, YORP and BYORP can compensate each other at some radius, causing an equilibrium state, to which other orbits converge in the course of their evolution. We derive the mathematical formalism of such equilibria in terms of dimensionless YORP and BYORP coefficients. We compute YORP and BYORP coefficients for a set of photometric and radar shape models, and find equilibria to be relatively common, with a probability of 4% to roughly 10% depending on how the mass is distributed within the binary.
Caius Munatius Faustus, l’ Augustalis et paganus pompéien aux deux tombeaux
Authors: Rossi Lucia 
Published: December 2016

Le présent article développe l’étude des monuments épigraphiques de l’affranchi C. Munatius Faustus, conservés dans deux nécropoles pompéiennes et dans le désert Oriental égyptien. Après un examen approfondi des informations textuelles, notamment du vocabulaire et des formulaires, l’auteur étudie les spécificités matérielles des monuments épigraphiques, notamment l’iconographie et le contexte topographique. Ces éléments permettent en effet de reconstituer les pratiques sociales de certains acteurs du corps social et les processus de leur codification en un ensemble de savoirs sociaux.
L’ identité professionnelle et l’ expression du métier dans l’ épigraphie portuaire occidentale : différents niveaux de codification
Authors: Rougier Hélène 
Published: December 2016

À travers l’étude d’inscriptions relatives aux métiers portuaires issues de six cités, l’article vise à déceler dans les noms de métiers les traces d’identités professionnelles. Ces dernières reposent sur des signes, des « codes » de reconnaissance établis par les professionnels eux-mêmes ou bien par d’autres types d’acteurs, comme les collèges ou les autorités publiques. Il s’agit de tenter de saisir la nature de ces signes et l’influence qu’ils peuvent avoir au sein du milieu professionnel.
Personajes foráneos en la epigrafía de las ánforas Pascual 1 y Oberaden 74
Authors: Járrega Domínguez Ramón 
Published: December 2016

Dans cet article, on étudie l’apparition de nouveaux types d’amphores vinaires (Pascual 1 et Oberaden 74) sur la côte est de l’Hispania Citerior et leurs relations avec le changement de régime occasionné par l’arrivée au pouvoir d’Auguste. D’autre part, l’épigraphie amphorique nous aide à étudier la présence de propriétaires terriens venus d’Italie et de Gaule cisalpine ; la découverte de différentes marques faisant références à des Iulii , peut-être affranchis impériaux, sert à envisager la présence possible de propriétés impériales dans la région ou, en tout cas, de la présence à cet endroit d’intérêts impériaux qui pouvaient être gérés par ces affranchis.