bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small leucine zipper protein regulates glucose metabolism of prostate cancer cells via induction of phosphoglycerate kinase 1
Authors: Han Sila , Park Sungyeon , Kim Suhyun , Kwon Sujin , Ko Jesang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background Cancer cells exhibit an altered metabolism, whereby glucose is preferentially utilized to produce lactate through aerobic glycolysis. Increased lactate production creates an acidic microenvironment that supports tumor progression and metastasis. Human small leucine zipper protein (sLZIP) is involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes related to the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. However, the role of sLZIP in modulating glucose metabolism in prostate cancer remains unclear. This study investigated whether sLZIP regulates the transcription of glycolysis-related genes to promote metabolic reprogramming in prostate cancer.Methods Quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine gene or protein expression. JASPAR and luciferase activity assays were performed to investigate the role of sLZIP in regulating phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) promoter activity. The extracellular acidification rate, lactate production, and ATP production assays were performed to determine the levels of aerobic glycolysis. MTT and colony formation assays were performed to examine cell proliferation and growth. Mouse xenograft experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of sLZIP-mediated PGK1 on tumor growth.Results Depletion of sLZIP resulted in the downregulation of several glycolytic genes, including glucose transporter 1, phosphofructokinase liver type, PGK1, and lactate dehydrogenase. Among these, only PGK1 showed a prominent dose-dependent decrease in mRNA and protein expression after sLZIP silencing. Mechanistically, increasing or decreasing sLZIP affected the promoter activity of PGK1 in a similar manner. Moreover, absence of sLZIP attenuated the maximum glycolytic rate in prostate cancer cells. These results were further supported by reduction in lactate secretion, glucose uptake, and ATP production in sLZIP-knockout prostate cancer cells. The sLZIP deficiency hindered cancer growth as demonstrated by proliferation assays. However, overexpression of PGK1 in sLZIP knockout cells resulted in recovery of aerobic glycolysis. Results of the xenograft experiment revealed that mice injected with sLZIP knockout cells exhibited a decrease in tumor mass compared to those injected with control cells.Conclusion These findings suggest that sLZIP contributes to the metabolic reprogramming of prostate cancer cells via the transcriptional regulation of PGK1.
Dynamic relocation policy for one-way electric carsharing systems considering space flexibility
Authors: Jiang Ronghang , Su Qiang , Zhu Lei , Yang Wei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Carsharing systems have attracted considerable market interest owing to their positive impact on resolving social and environmental pollution problems such as traffic congestion, lack of parking spaces, and greenhouse gas emissions. However, one-way carsharing systems often struggle with vehicle imbalance issues, which can affect customer satisfaction. To address this, a one-way electric carsharing model was designed to maximize operator revenue by introducing customer space flexibility. A mixed integer nonlinear program was formulated to optimize consumer flexibility, relocation, and employee-hiring decisions. The variation in the average vehicle charge at each station was captured using the state of change (SOC) model. Real data from the Evo carsharing company in Vancouver, Canada, were used to conduct numerical tests, verifying the effectiveness of the rolling horizon method in producing high-quality solutions. The results indicate that customer space flexibility can enhance the operational efficiency of carsharing systems without increasing the number of vehicles or parking spaces. This approach can also boost total system revenue and customer satisfaction, with departure space flexibility showing a significantly greater impact than arrival space flexibility.
Artificial Intelligence Identification of Japonica Rice varieties Based on Raman Spectroscopic Identification Mechanism of Saline-alkali Tolerance
Authors: Liu Rui , Ma Bo , Zhao Xin , Tan Kefei , Hu Jifang , Yuan Ming , Wang Lianxia , Xiang Hongbo , Mi Dongxue , Lai Yongcai , Liu Kai , Wang Shibo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Rice is regarded as the preferred crop for saline-alkali soil improvement by researchers. At present, the identification method for saline-alkali tolerance of rice varieties requires researcher to conduct tedious field investigations based on growth indicators. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective technical means to quickly and accurately identify saline-alkali tolerance of rice varieties. Study used 20 japonica rice varieties with three types of saline-alkali tolerance as test materials, by analyzing the identification mechanism of salt-alkali tolerance in Raman spectrum of japonica rice varieties, seven characteristic spectral peaks closely related to salt-alkali tolerance were identified. Various algorithms in Python are used for data standardization, baseline elimination, extraction of characteristic spectral peaks, detection of peaks characteristic information and data noise reduction. Three identification models were established to confirm the highest accuracy of CapsNets identification model, which could provide technical support and reference for breeding saline-alkali resistant japonica rice varieties.
The Impact of Austism on Ethnic Minority children in Middle and Low income Countries.An Under-Researched Challenge
Authors: Ndindeng Atina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition marked by challenges in social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviours (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). While substantial research has been conducted in high-income countries, the impact of autism on ethnic minority children in middle- and low-income countries (MLICs) is significantly under-explored (Elsabbagh et al., 2012; Durkin et al., 2017). This study employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating a systematic review of existing literature with qualitative interviews from selected MLICs, to comprehensively analyse the unique challenges faced by these populations. The findings reveal significant disparities in diagnosis, treatment, and social outcomes, shaped by cultural perceptions, economic factors, healthcare infrastructure, and intersecting identities (Crenshaw, 1989). Additionally, the study examines broader societal impacts and developmental implications, concluding with a call for targeted research, policy interventions, and community-based strategies to bridge these gaps (Bakare & Munir, 2021).
Multiple Cesarean Section Jenny
Authors: Feyisa Cheru Telila 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Jenny dystocia occurs very rarely and is mainly associated with postural defects due to long fetal extremities. However, the management of dystocia in equines is relatively difficult compared to that in other large animals. Due to the absence of well-described published papers on cesarean section in donkeys, this condition can be life-threatening after unsuccessful surgical intervention.
Patient presentation: A 4-year-old Jenny with a difficult birth due to a previous car accident presented for 3 consecutive years at different stages of labor onset. Up on early presentation, there was straining and frequent aggressive rolling. Further examination also revealed a fully dilated cervix and narrow pelvic cavity due to the downward bending of the iliac wing. Surgical sites (lower flank, ventral midline, and paramedian) were used for each delivery. General anesthesia was used in all three procedures, and local infiltration of 2% lidocaine along with light general anesthesia was used at the time she presented with a live fetus. Surgical sites aseptically prepared for cesarean section and dead fetuses were removed at the 1st and 3rd parity due to delayed presentation. However, on the 2nd parity, a live female foal was delivered. In all the approaches, the 1st layer of uterine closure was made by using a simple continuous suture pattern (biting all the layers of the uterine wall). Then, the sutures were oversewed with a Cushing suture pattern using #0 polyglycolic acid (PGA). The skin was closed by different suture patterns during each technique using nonabsorbable suture material # 1 silk. Postoperative subcutaneous swelling was observed and regressed gradually in all the approaches. The duration of skin suture removal was determined based on the extent of wound healing and the site of the incision.
Conclusion: This is the first ever-identified surgical case in a donkey. Thus, this study was able to indicate different approaches for cesarean section in equines. Moreover, due to the bleeding nature of the equine uterus, simple continuous suturing was the pattern of choice for 1st layer uterine closure. It was also concluded that subcutaneous edema is unavoidable in donkeys.
Heat load and cooling capacity calculation of Air Conditioning system of Rolling stock considering the environmental condition of India
Authors: Srivast Sandeep , Dua Gautam , Sivasankar Govindu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The design of the Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system has assumed significant importance in the design of rolling stock due to environmental concerns. Countries like India, which have extreme climatic temperature & humidity during summer and monsoon make designing HVAC system complicated.
Proper understanding of the environmental requirements for heat load and cooling capacity calculations will help optimise the design of HVAC systems and avoid over-design that increases weight and power consumption. There are limited high speed train manufacturers who have experience in designing HVAC for varying environmental conditions. A country like India, adopting new high-speed rail, may find it challenging to make any significant changes that could affect HVAC weight and power consumption. Therefore, countries newly developing high-speed rail need to consider this aspect carefully and effectively without compromising on proven design and passenger comfort.
This study aims to evaluate heat load and cooling capacity, considering factual environmental data. The study includes an examination of three major aspects of HVAC design for rolling stock and its surroundings with each aspect discussed distinctly.
I. Heat load calculation of rolling stock
II. Determination of the cooling capacity of the system
III. Passenger comfort criteria
Heat load and cooling capacity mainly depend on the ambient temperature, humidity, and solar radiation gained through conducting material, windows, and fresh air intake for passengers. The present paper illustrates heat load, and cooling capacity calculation in detail considering values/formulae from ASHARE and then formulating the environmental requirements for Indian conditions by comparing passenger comfort criteria for Indian climatic conditions and cooling requirements. This will be useful for designing and calculating operating criteria for train manufacturers and users for Indian conditions.
Influence of percussion and rotation pressure on the performance of drilling steels in different types of rock in an underground mine, Peru
Authors: Cotrina-Teatino Marco Antonio , Marquina-Araujo Jairo Jhonatan , Arango-Retamozo Solio Marino , Antonio-Araujo Eusebio , Mamani-Qusipe Jose Nestor , Portilla-Rodriguez Hans Roger , Noriega-Vidal Eduardo Manuel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study evaluated the influence of percussion and rotation pressure on the performance of drilling steels in sandstone and granodiorite rocks in an underground mine in Peru. Using an experimental design, the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied, revealing a non-normal distribution of wear and efficiency data, leading to the use of robust multiple linear regression for analysis. In granodiorite, with percussion and rotation pressures of 130 and 160 bars, respectively, wear and efficiency were higher compared to sandstone, which used average pressures of 80 and 35 bars. Wear in granodiorite reached 3.7 mm on the drill body and 2.4 mm on the inserts, with an efficiency of 2.31 m/min. In sandstone, wear was 2.45 mm and 1.15 mm, respectively, with an efficiency of 1.92 m/min. The drilling steels showed better performance and lower cost in sandstone (0.35 US$/m) compared to granodiorite (0.40 US$/m). It was concluded that both percussion and rotation pressure significantly influence the wear and performance of drilling steels, increasing wear but improving efficiency with each 1-bar increment.
Assessment of groundwater quality and its vulnerability for safe drinking purpose
Authors: Raheja Hemant , Goel Arun , Pal Mahesh 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Groundwater is a main resource of drinking water in several parts of India. Its degradation poses a significant risk to water availability and human health, highlighting the importance of regularly evaluating groundwater quality in these regions. Thus, the significant aim of this study is to examine and map groundwater quality and its vulnerability for drinking purposes using the EWQI, PIG, and GOD methods. The quality of groundwater in the study area is found to be generally alkaline in nature. More than 20% of samples exceeded the desirable limit of TH. Correlations of major ions revealed that groundwater samples were distributed in the areas of silicate weathering and dolomite dissolution. The EWQI values vary from 33.74 to 62.22, with an average value of 41.54. The spatial distribution diagrams of hydrochemical parameters and EWQI represent poor water quality in southern and southern-western areas. The PIG ranged from 0.49 to 0.84, with an average value of 0.59. Moreover, the GOD method indicates that the southern part of the region has moderate vulnerability and demonstrates that groundwater level is the significant factor for the calculation of groundwater vulnerability.
Using a Dual-Disease Target Mapping Network Pharmacology Approach, Verbascoside Ameliorates Osteoporosis by Activating Estrogen Signaling
to Alleviate Oxidative Stress
Authors: Wu Peitong , Lv Qingguo , Wang Shuo , Feng Xueqin , Zhang Kaiyue , Li Chunnan , Li Yishan , Gao Xiaochen , Sun Jiaming 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Verbascoside, a compound classified as a phenylethanol glycoside in
Dihuang, has been the subject of modern pharmacological investigations. These studies have revealed
its noteworthy antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, memory-enhancing, neuroprotective, antitumor,
and various other pharmacological properties. While verbascoside exhibits favorable antioxidant
effects, its precise mechanism of action in ameliorating osteoporosis through the treatment
of oxidative stress remains unclear.

Methods:
This study employed CCK8, ALP, ELISA, and ROS staining techniques to examine
the osteoporotic effects of verbascoside on zebrafish and MC3T3-E1 cells. Additionally, this
study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism by which verbascoside improves osteoporosis
by mitigating oxidative stress. To identify the common targets of verbascoside in relation to
oxidative stress and osteoporosis, network pharmacology and molecular dynamics simulation
were employed. The construction of the verbascoside - oxidative stress - osteoporosis - potential
target gene network aimed to identify the core targets, while the mechanism of action was elucidated
through KEGG analysis, and the accuracy was confirmed by assessing the mRNA expression
of the targets.

Results:
In vivo experiments demonstrated that verbascoside exhibited therapeutic effects on osteoporosis
and reduced ROS production in zebrafish. In vitro experiments further revealed that
verbascoside enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, thereby improving
the oxidative stress status of osteoblasts. Thirteen core targets and estrogen signaling pathways
were identified through the application of network pharmacology. The pivotal role of the
estrogen signaling pathway in facilitating the ability of verbascoside to mitigate oxidative stressinduced
osteoporosis was substantiated by the modulation of target protein mRNA expression.

Conclusion:
The findings underscore the considerable therapeutic potential of verbascoside in
ameliorating osteoporosis through the alleviation of oxidative stress, thus establishing it as a
promising compound for the treatment of this condition.

other:
Verbascoside, a phenylethanol glycoside found in nature, exhibits notable biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antioxidant properties.
Exploring the Mechanism of Modified Zexie Decoction Against Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and
Experimental Validation
Authors: Shi Pengyan , Chen Xiaoying , Cao Jiangtao , Feng Zhe , Xue Boyu 
Published: September 2024

Introduction/Objective:
The incidence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease
(MAFLD) increases annually. Modified Zexie Decoction (MZXD) can treat this disease; however,
their mechanisms of action are uncertain. This study evaluated the mechanisms of MZXD
against MAFLD based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo experiments.

Methods:
The main active compounds, targets and signaling pathways of MZXD against
MAFLD were obtained using network pharmacological analysis. Underlying mechanisms were
validated by molecular docking and in vivo assays.

Results:
Forty-one active ingredients and 197 intersection targets were identified. The main active
ingredients include quercetin, luteolin, isorhamnetin, 3-methylhexane, and 3β-
acetoxyatractylone. The main targets were TP53, JUN, HSP90AA1, MAPK1, MAPK3, AKT1,
NF-κB p65, TNF, ESR1, FOS, and IL-6. The pathway enrichment analysis indicated that MZXD
was related to the IL-17, TNF, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. Molecular docking suggested
that these active ingredients bound strongly to TNF, IL-6, and NF-κB p65, which are integral
components of the TNF pathway. In the rat MAFLD model, MZXD attenuated high-fat diet(
HFD)-induced liver injury and lipid accumulation, decreased the serum levels of the inflammatory
mediators TNF-α, IL6, and IL-1β, and inhibited the protein expression of TNF-α, IL6, p-
IKB-α and p-NF-κB p65. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry results showed that MZXD attenuated
the F4/80 staining intensity of the liver compared with the model group.

Conclusion:
Collectively, our results suggested that MZXD could improve MAFLD by downregulating
TNF/NF-κB signaling mediated macrophage activation.
Proteogenomic Identification and Analysis of KIF5B as a Prognostic Signature for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Qi Lishuang , Tan Yilong , Zhou Yunfei , Dong Yihong , Yang Xun , Chang Shuyuan , Yu Lei , Liu Dabin 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Metabolic disorders are significant risk factors for liver cancer, particularly
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular genetic basis of metabolic reprogramming
in the liver remains largely uncertain.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate some novel prognostic biomarkers in HCC by using
proteogenomic and transcriptomic analysis and explore the potential role of specific prognostic
genes in HCC.

Methods:
Here, we have presented a proteogenomic analysis of 10 pairs of HCC. Protein co-expression
and pathway analysis were performed to investigate the biological characteristics of
HCC. Protein and mRNA expression profiles of multi-cohorts were integrated to detect novel
prognostic protein markers of HCC. The carcinogenic roles of candidate prognostic markers were
further evaluated by MTS assay, colony formation, monolayer wound healing assay, and xenograft
models.

Results:
A total of 2086 proteins with significantly different expressions were detected in HCC.
Pathways related to oncogenic signaling and insulin-related metabolism have been found to be dysregulated
and differentially regulated in HCC. We have identified the novel prognostic biomarkers,
KIF5B, involved in liver metabolic reprogramming. The biomarkers were identified using
multivariable COX regression analysis from two independent proteomic datasets (Fudan Cohort
and our recruited cohort) and the TCGA mRNA database. Both the protein and mRNA up-regulation
of KIF5B have been found to be associated with a poor clinical outcome in HCC. Insulin activated
the protein expression of KIF5B in HCC. Knocking out KIF5B expression by sgRNA decreased
the protein expression of FASN and SCD1 and the intracellular triglyceride concentration.
Silencing KIF5B suppressed HCC cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro, as well as HCC
growth in xenograft models.

Conclusion:
Our findings have suggested KIF5B protein to function as a novel prognostic biomarker
in HCC. KIF5B expression has been found to activate the AKT/mTOR pathway and reprogram
triglyceride metabolism, leading to HCC development. Targeting KIF5B may be an effective
strategy in the clinical treatment of HCC.
Reviewing the Synthesis and Clinical Application of FDA-approved Anticancer Medications
Authors: Johariya Varsha , Sharma Shikha , Mali Suraj N. , Banik Bimal Krishna 
Published: September 2024

:
Cancer is a disease that affects people of all ages, socioeconomic backgrounds, genders,
and demographics. It places a significant burden not just on those who are diagnosed but also
on their families and communities. Targeted therapeutic medications have surpassed more conventional
forms of chemotherapy in terms of both their effectiveness and safety, which leads to
their rapid ascent to the forefront of cancer treatment. A growing number of small molecules have
been created for the treatment of cancer, and several of these drugs have been approved to be sold
in the market by the Food and Drug Administration of the United States. Small molecule targeted
anticancer therapies have made significant progress in recent years, yet they continue to struggle
with a number of obstacles, including a low response rate and drug resistance. We have carried
out an exhaustive study on approved small-molecule targeted anticancer medications, as well as
important drug candidates. This review describes the significance of approved anticancer drugs
from 2021 to 2024, clinically active anticancer drugs, and the methods used for their synthesis.