bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone-Conditioned Medium Obtained From Calvaria, Mandible, and Tibia Cause an Equivalent TGF-β1 Response In Vitro
Authors: Hatami Kia Babak , Mendes João Rui Galvão , Müller Heinz-Dieter , Heimel Patrick , Gruber Reinhard 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Bones with different embryological origin and mode of ossification are supposed to vary in their capacity for supporting graft consolidation. The aim of the current pilot study was to assess the TGF-β1 activity of bone chips obtained from distinct anatomic locations. Conditioned medium was prepared from bone chips harvested from pig calvaria, mandible, and tibia. Human oral fibroblasts were exposed to bone-conditioned medium (BCM) followed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of the TGF-β1 target genes. Also an immunoassay for interleukin 11 (IL-11) and TGF-β1 was performed. The impact of BCM on alkaline phosphatase activity was determined with murine MC3T3-E1 osteogenic cells. The authors report here that BCM contains TGF-β1 in the ng/mL range. Bone chips prepared from pig calvaria, mandible, and tibia femur had a similar capacity for increasing the expression of the TGF-β1 target genes IL-11, NOX4, and PRG4. Correspondingly, immunoassays revealed similar production of IL-11 by human oral fibroblasts. Furthermore, conditioned medium obtained from the 3 bones decreased alkaline phosphatase activity in MC3T3-E1 osteogenic cells. These preliminary data demonstrate that particulated bone grafts, regardless of embryological origin, mode of ossification and morphology, release a similar TGF-β1 activity.
Intraoral Prosthetic Chin Augmentation With Vertical Incisions
Authors: Yin Jiapeng , Fan Shuqiang , Wu Xuhong , Pan Shi , Liao Lixin , Jin Guojun 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
To explore a new surgical approach for chin augmentation using a prosthesis with 3 intraoral vertical incisions whereby placement of the prosthesis is more convenient and accurate, with fewer postoperative complications. Following the anatomic characteristics of the chin, a bilateral mucosal vertical incision and a median observation incision are made. The V-shaped mark on the upper side of the prosthesis can be seen through the observation incision after it is placed from the lateral incision into the predesigned compartment. The incision can be sutured if there is no bleeding in the operation area. Surgery performed in all 19 patients with mild microgenia with 6 to 12 months of follow-up resulted in satisfactory chin and face shape without any complications. The application of this novel method can correct McCarthy type I microgenia with more accurate positioning, less possibility of bilateral sideways and/or up/down movement, and fewer complications.
Effects of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membrane on Sciatic Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Bayram Burak , Akdeniz Sidika Sinem , Diker Nurettin , Helvacioğlu Fatma , Erdem Saban Remzi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Alternative treatment approaches to improve the regeneration capacity of damaged peripheral nerves are currently under investigation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane after sciatic nerve crush injury in rabbits by histomorphometric and electromyographic analysis. The left sciatic nerves of 20 male Vienna rabbits were clamped for 30 seconds to induce crush injuries. Animals were randomly divided into 2 groups: PRF and control. For each animal in the PRF group, a PRF membrane was wrapped around the injured part of the sciatic nerve to form a tube. No additional treatment was performed in the control group. After a 12-week healing period, tissue samples from the injured nerve region were harvested and the g-ratio of axons, axon density, and impulse transmission changes were evaluated. Analysis revealed that axon density differences were not statistically significant between groups (P = 0.139). The rate of nerve fibers with optimum g-ratio was significantly lower in the PRF group than in the control group (P = 0.02). Conduction velocity differences between groups were not statistically significant. Although PRF application has previously shown positive regeneration effects on maxillofacial tissues, local PRF membrane application in tube form did not show any histomorphometric or functional improvement in peripheral nerve crush injury recovery.
The First Patient Report of Tongue Abscess Among Iraqi Population
Authors: Al-Anee Auday M. , Asmael Huda Moutaz 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Tongue abscess is a serious clinical entity which scarcely affects the tongue. It should be treated urgently to prevent airway obstruction or dissemination of infection to a more deep or distant area of the body. This article presented the first clinical report of tongue abscess in Iraq which discussed its clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment with a review of literature.
Reliability of the Dutch Cleft Speech Evaluation Test and Conversion to the Proposed Universal Scale
Authors: Spruijt Nicole E. , Beenakker Marije , Verbeek Maud , Heinze Zavira C.M. , Breugem Corstiaan C. , Mink van der Molen Aebele B. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The Dutch cleft speech evaluation test (DCSET) has been implemented by the speech-language pathologists nationwide in the Netherlands since 2003, but the inter- and intrarater reliability was unknown. Two speech-language pathologists experienced in evaluating cleft speech assessed audio recordings of 20 children with cleft speech using the DCSET, and reassessed the recordings 2 weeks later. Intra- and interrater reliability was calculated, but found to be unacceptable after the first phase of this study using audio recordings. Following consensus training and some modifications in the scoring scales, the study was repeated using video recordings of 20 different children with cleft speech. Results from the second phase of this study using standardized video recordings showed fair, moderate, and good reliability on different subsets of the DCSET. Intrarater reliability (Kappa 0.59–1.00) was greater than interrater reliability (Kappa 0.33–0.79). Interrater reliability agreement was good (Kappa 0.63–0.79) for consonant production errors and speech understandability and acceptability, moderate (Kappa 0.59) for the resonance of the nasal passage, and fair (Kappa 0.33–0.37) for the resonance of the mixed and denasal passages. Subsequently, an algorithm was made to convert the DCSET scales to universal scales for international comparison of cleft speech as suggested by Henningsson et al in 2008.
Nasal Columellar Reconstruction With Reverse Lateral Nasal Artery Pedicled Nasolabial Island Flap
Authors: Jang Suk Yoon , Kim Woo Seob , Kim Han Koo , Bae Tae Hui 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Nasal columellar is a complex area to reconstruct due to its unique esthetic and functional characteristics. Malignancy, trauma, infection, and esthetic surgery complications can cause columellar defect. Among many surgical plans, nasolabial island flap is most commonly used. However, flap congestions occasionally occur which inevitably lead to leech therapy. The authors introduce reverse lateral nasal artery pedicled nasolabial island flap, which has lower risk of postoperative complications.
Radiological Analysis of Orbital Cavernous Hemangiomas: A Review and Comparison Between Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Young Stephanie Ming , Kim Yoon-Duck , Lee Jung Hye , Woo Kyung In 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Cavernous hemangiomas are the most common benign orbital tumors in the orbit, but radiological differentiation from other solitary orbital masses can still be challenging at times. While there have been previous studies describing the radiological characteristics of cavernous hemangiomas on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), there have not been any studies comparing the 2 imaging modalities. The purpose of our study was to evaluate CT and MRI findings of orbital cavernous hemangiomas and compare both modalities.
We performed a cross-sectional study of patients with a histopathological diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma over a 20-year period from January 1997 to December 2016 in a single tertiary institution.
Our study included 77 patients; mean age was 46.6 ± 11.2 years, and females comprised 68.8%. The lateral orbit (23.4%) was the most common location. The masses were well-defined, with 55.8% being ovoid, 27.3% round, and 16.9% lobulated. The most common enhancement pattern on CT was a small point starting in the periphery, progressing to heterogeneous filling in the late phase. The most common enhancement pattern on MRI was multiple patchy starting points, widespread across the tumor, with a final homogeneous filling in the late phase.
Significant differences between CT and MRI were found in terms of area, location, and number of starting points of contrast enhancement in the early phase. We also found that the use of MRI is limited in differentiating fast-filling cavernous hemangiomas from other orbital tumors and in such cases, contrast-enhanced CT would be helpful.
Quality of Postoperative Pain Management After Maxillofacial Fracture Repair
Authors: Peisker Andre , Meissner Winfried , Raschke Gregor F. , Fahmy Mina D. , Guentsch Arndt , Schiller Juliane , Schultze-Mosgau Stefan 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Effective pain management is an essential component in the perioperative care of surgical patients. However, postoperative pain after maxillofacial fracture repair and its optimal therapy has not been described in detail.

Materials and Methods:
In a prospective cohort study, 95 adults rated their pain on the first postoperative day after maxillofacial fracture repair using the questionnaire of the Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Management (QUIPS) project. Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Management allowed for a standardized assessment of patients’ characteristics and pain-related parameters.

Results:
Overall, the mean maximal pain and pain on activity (numeric rating scales) were significantly higher in patients with mandibular fractures than in patients with midface fractures (P = 0.002 and P = 0.045, respectively). In patients with mandibular fractures, a longer duration of surgery was significantly associated with higher satisfaction with pain intensity (P = 0.015), but was more frequently associated with postoperative vomiting (P = 0.023). A shorter duration of surgery and an absence of preoperative pain counseling in these patients were significantly correlated to desire for more pain medication (P = 0.049 and P = 0.004, respectively). Patients with mandibular fractures that received opioids in the recovery room had significantly higher strain-related pain (P = 0.017). In patients with midface fractures, a longer duration of surgery showed significantly higher levels of decreased mobility (P = 0.003). Patients receiving midazolam for premedication had significantly less minimal pain (P = 0.021).

Conclusions:
Patients with mandibular fractures seem to have more postoperative pain than patients with midface fractures. Monitoring of postsurgical pain and a procedure-specific pain-treatment protocol should be performed in clinical routine.
Eyebrow Position and Shape Favored by Korean Women
Authors: Jung Gyu Sik , Chung Ki Ho , Lee Jeong Woo , Yang Jung Dug , Chung Ho Yun , Cho Byung Chae , Choi Kang Young 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
The shape and position of the eyebrows are among the most important facial features from an esthetic point of view. However, significant cultural differences exist with respect to the eyebrow shape and position that are considered ideal. The purpose of this study was to identify the position and shape of eyebrows preferred by Korean women and to apply these, including forehead lifts, to the clinics.

Methods:
The authors took full facial photographs in the Frankfort plane of Korean women aging from young childhood to their 50s. On the basis of these, 2 parameters were calculated: first, the height-to-width ratio (HWR), the ratio between the vertical distance from the brow apex to the palpebral fissure and the horizontal distance from the medial canthus to the lateral canthus; and second, the takeoff angle (TOA), the angle between the straight line connecting the 2 lateral canthi and the line from the brow apex through the center of the medial brow segment. The authors then had drawings of “Anastasia arch” eyebrows made; as high eyebrows are considered beautiful in Korea, and the eyebrows of women in their 20s were the highest, the drawings depicted the mean HWR and TOA values for this age group and their various degrees of deviation. These drawings were shown to 300 women aged 21 to 40 years from May 1 to June 30, 2014; they were instructed to choose the drawing they preferred among the 5 drawings differing in HWR and again among the 5 differing in TOA.

Results:
Among the 99 Korean women in their 20s, the mean HWR and TOA was 1:1.01 ± 0.23 and 12° ± 5.2°, respectively. Regarding the survey, the most preferred HWR was 1:1.0, which was selected by 204 respondents (68%); the most preferred TOA was 10°, which was chosen by 122 respondents (40.7%).

Conclusion:
This study shows that HWR gradually decreases and TOA increases with age. Furthermore, Korean women's preferred eyebrows have an HWR of ∼1:1 and a TOA of ∼10°. These results could guide plastic surgeons performing periorbital rejuvenation surgeries, including brow lifts, not only for Koreans but also for North-East Asians.
Longitudinal Study of Scar Hyperplasia Formation Following Cleft Lip Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Dai-zun , Liu Feng , Xiao Wen-lin , Cong Wen-wen 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to observe the hyperplasia trend of scar after the cleft lip surgery in a rabbit animal model, and determine the time-point of the highest hypertrophic degree of scar after cleft lip repair. Forty New Zealand white rabbits from the same offspring were used to establish a cleft lip wound healing model using Millard surgery procedure. The scar volumes were measured and granulation tissues were observed visually in the 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks after operation. The scar tissues were harvested at the indicated time-points. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and Western Blot analyses were performed to detect the expression level of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the scar tissue. The scars shrunk and the volumes reduced at 3 to 4 weeks after surgery; however, at 5 weeks postsurgery, the volumes increased. IHC and Western blot analyses indicated the expression of α-SMA was significantly enhanced 3 to 4 weeks, but reduced in the 5 weeks after surgery. Overall, the degree of scar hyperplasia after cleft lip surgery in rabbits was normally distributed and the scarring was most severe in the 3 to 4 weeks after cleft lip surgery. The study confirms a novel animal model for the assessment of therapies for the treatment of scar hyperplasia of human cleft lip in future.
Giant Parapharyngeal Space Lipoma Extending to the Pterygoid Region (Anterior Skull Base)
Authors: Hakeem Arsheed H. , Hakeem Imtiyaz H. , Budharapu Abhishek , Wani Fozia Jeelani 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Although lipoma is frequently seen in the head and neck region, but occurrence of the lipoma in the parapharyngeal space is rare. It is extremely rare for a parapharyngeal lipoma to extent to the pterygoid region (ie, anterior skull base). Management of giant parapharyngeal space lipoma with skull base extension and proximity to the vital neurovascular structures poses a challenge to surgeon. The authors report a patient with giant lipoma extending from the upper border of the clavicle to the pterygoid region. Complete excision was done using upper transverse cervical incision and pterygoid region was approached after removal of the ipsilateral submandibular gland. Surgery produced excellent cosmetic results with no functional impairment.
Functional Trajectories Before and After Major Surgery in Older Adults
Authors: Stabenau Hans F. , Becher Robert D. , Gahbauer Evelyne A. , Leo-Summers Linda , Allore Heather G. , Gill Thomas M. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives:
We hypothesized that distinct sets of functional trajectories can be identified in the year before and after major surgery, with unique transition probabilities from pre to postsurgical functional trajectories, and that outcomes would be better among participants undergoing elective versus nonelective surgery.

Background:
Major surgery is common and can be highly morbid in older persons. The relationship between the course of disability (ie, functional trajectory) before and after surgery in older adults has not been well-studied for most operations.

Methods:
Prospective cohort study of 754 community-living persons 70 years or older. The analytic sample included 250 participants who underwent their first major surgery during the study period.

Results:
Before surgery, 4 functional trajectories were identified: no disability (n = 60, 24.0%), and mild (n = 84, 33.6%), moderate (n = 73, 29.2%), and severe (n = 33, 13.2%) disability. After surgery, 4 functional trajectories were identified: rapid (n = 39, 15.6%), gradual (n = 76, 30.4%), partial (n = 70, 28.0%), and little (n = 57, 22.8%) improvement. Rapid improvement was seen for n = 31 (51.7%) participants with no disability before surgery, but was uncommon among those with mild disability (n = 8, 9.5%) and was not observed in the moderate and severe trajectory groups. For participants with mild to moderate disability before surgery, gradual improvement (n = 46, 54.8%) and partial improvement (n = 36, 49.3%) were most common. Most participants with severe disability (n = 27, 81.8%) before surgery exhibited little improvement. Outcomes were better for participants undergoing elective versus nonelective surgery.

Conclusions:
Functional prognosis in the year after major surgery is highly dependent on premorbid function.
Trauma transitional care coordination: A mature system at work
Authors: Hall Erin C. , Tyrrell Rebecca L. , Doyle Karen E. , Scalea Thomas M. , Stein Deborah M. 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND
We have previously demonstrated effectiveness of a Trauma Transitional Care Coordination (TTCC) Program in reducing 30-day readmission rates for trauma patients most at risk. With program maturation, we achieved improved readmission rates for specific patient populations.

METHODS
TTCC is a nursing driven program that supports patients at high risk for 30-day readmission. The TTCC interventions include calls to patients within 72 hours of discharge, complete medication reconciliation, coordination of medical appointments, and individualized problem solving. Account IDs were used to link TTCC patients with the Health Services Cost Review Commission database to collect data on statewide unplanned 30-day readmissions.

RESULTS
Four hundred seventy-five patients were enrolled in the TTCC program from January 2014 to September 2016. Only 10.5% (n = 50) of TTCC enrollees were privately insured, 54.5% had Medicaid (n = 259), and 13.5% had Medicare (n = 64). Seventy-three percent had Health Services Cost Review Commission severity of injury ratings of 3 or 4 (maximum severity of injury = 4). The most common All Patient Refined Diagnosis Related Groups for participants were: lower-extremity procedures (n = 67, 14%); extensive abdominal/thoracic procedures (n = 40, 8.4%); musculoskeletal procedures (n = 37, 7.8%); complicated tracheostomy and upper extremity procedures (n = 29 each, 6.1%); infectious disease complications (n = 14, 2.9%); major chest/respiratory trauma, major small and large bowel procedures and vascular procedures (n = 13 each, 2.7%). The TTCC participants with lower-extremity injury, complicated tracheostomy, and bowel procedures had 6-point reduction (10% vs. 16%, p = 0.05), 11-point reduction (13% vs. 24%, p = 0.05), and 16-point reduction (11% vs. 27%, p = 0.05) in 30-day readmission rates, respectively, compared to those without TTCC.

CONCLUSION
Targeted outpatient support for high-risk patients can decrease 30-day readmission rates. As our TTCC program matured, we reduced 30-day readmission in patients with lower-extremity injury, complicated tracheostomy and bowel procedures. This represents over one million-dollar savings for the hospital per year through quality-based reimbursement.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/care management, level III.
Older Adults With Metabolic Syndrome Present Lower Ankle-Brachial Index and Worse Functional Performance
Authors: Heubel Alessandro Domingues , Marques Terezinha Sasaki , Pessoa-Santos Bruna Varanda , Gimenes Camila , Arca Eduardo Aguilar , Martinelli Bruno , Barrile Silvia Regina 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent condition in the elderly and it is associated with a high risk of systemic atherosclerosis. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is used to identify atherosclerotic obstructions in lower limbs, which might be associated with a decreased functional capacity due to blood flow limitation.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate whether older adults with MetS present alterations in ABI values and whether these alterations are associated with impairments in functional performance.

Design:
Cross-sectional clinical study with a convenience sample.

Methods:
Older adults (>60 years) of both genders were divided into two groups: Control group (CG, n = 34)—patients without MetS, and MetS group (MetSG, n = 32)—patients with MetS. Both groups were subjected to the following evaluations: (1) ABI (Doppler method) and (2) 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Intergroup comparison was performed using the t test and the Mann-Whitney U test. The association between the ABI and the distance walked in the 6MWT was calculated by the Pearson correlation test. In all analyses, P < .05 was considered as significant.

Results:
When compared with CG, the MetSG group showed lower ABI (P = .007) and lower distance walked in 6MWT (P = .000). In the MetSG, a positive correlation was observed (r = 0.460; P = .008) between ABI values and the distance walked in 6MWT.

Conclusion:
Older adults with MetS present lower ABI, a measure considered a predictor for peripheral arterial obstructive processes. This result is associated with a poor functional performance, which can be due to a circulatory deficit in the lower limbs.
Pilot Study of Delayed ICOS/ICOS-L Blockade With αCD40 to Modulate Pathogenic Alloimmunity in a Primate Cardiac Allograft Model
Authors: O’Neill Natalie A. , Zhang Tianshu , Braileanu Gheorghe , Cheng Xiangfei , Hershfeld Alena , Sun Wenji , Reimann Keith A. , Dahi Sia , Kubicki Natalia , Hassanein Wessam , Laird Christopher , Cimeno Arielle , Azimzadeh Agnes M. , Pierson Richard N. 
Published: January 2018

Background
Inducible costimulator (ICOS) is rapidly upregulated with T-cell stimulation and may represent an escape pathway for T-cell costimulation in the setting of CD40/CD154 costimulation blockade. Induction treatment exhibited no efficacy in a primate renal allograft model, but rodent transplant models suggest that the addition of delayed ICOS/ICOS-L blockade may prolong allograft survival and prevent chronic rejection. Here, we ask whether ICOS-Ig treatment, timed to anticipate ICOS upregulation, prolongs NHP cardiac allograft survival or attenuates pathogenic alloimmunity.

Methods
Cynomolgus monkey heterotopic cardiac allograft recipients were treated with αCD40 (2C10R4, d0-90) either alone or with the addition of delayed ICOS-Ig (d63-110).

Results
Median allograft survival was similar between ICOS-Ig + αCD40 (120 days, 120-125 days) and αCD40 (124 days, 89-178 days) treated animals, and delayed ICOS-Ig treatment did not prevent allograft rejection in animals with complete CD40 receptor coverage. Although CD4+ TEM cells were decreased in peripheral blood (115 ± 24) and mLNs (49 ± 1.9%) during ICOS-Ig treatment compared with monotherapy (214 ± 27%, P = 0.01; 72 ± 9.9%, P = 0.01, respectively), acute and chronic rejection scores and kinetics of alloAb elaboration were similar between groups.

Conclusions
Delayed ICOS-Ig treatment with the reagent tested is probably ineffective in modulating pathogenic primate alloimmunity in this model.