bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PermQRDroid: Android malware detection with novel attention layered mini-ResNet architecture over effective permission information image
Authors: Kılıç Kazım , Doğru İbrahim Alper , Toklu Sinan 
Published: October 2024

Background
The Android operating system holds the vast majority of the market share in smart device usage worldwide. The Android operating system, which is of interest to users, is increasing its usage rate day by day due to its open source nature and free applications. Applications can be installed on the Android operating system from official application markets and unofficial third-party environments, which poses a great risk to users’ privacy and security.

Methods
In this study, an attention-layered mini-ResNet model is proposed, which can detect QR code-like images created using the 100 most effective defined permission information of Android applications. In the proposed method, permission information is obtained from four different datasets with different number of applications. QR code-like images of size 10x10x1 are created by selecting effective permissions using the chi-square technique. In the proposed classification architecture, residual layers are used to avoid ignoring the residual features of the images, and attention layers are used to focus on specific regions after each residual layer. The proposed architecture has a low number of parameters and memory consumption despite adding the residual layer and the weighting operations in the attention layer.

Results
Using the proposed method, accuracy values of 96.95%, 98.34%, 98.33% and 100% were achieved, respectively, on four datasets containing applications obtained from different sources such as Androzoo, Drebin, Genome and Google Play Store. On the Mix dataset, which is a combination of four datasets, an accuracy value of 96.7% was produced with the proposed method. When 10-fold cross validation was applied to reduce the suggested bias, accuracy values of 97.50%, 98.62%, 98%, 94% and 97.61% were obtained, respectively. The success and durability of the proposed method in different environments have been tested through experiments conducted on different datasets. The results show that the proposed method exhibits better classification performance compared to classical machine learning algorithms, deep learning-based studies using permission information, and similar image-based studies.
Electronic cigarettes and their association with stress, depression, and anxiety among dental students in the UAE—a pilot cross sectional study
Authors: Tawba Waseem , El Qadiri Mohamed , Al-Adhami Mustafa , Almehmeed Nour , Al-Rawi Natheer H. , Awad Manal 
Published: October 2024

Background
During dental school, students may encounter stressful events that contribute to stress, anxiety, and depression; in response to these factors, some students use vaping or electronic cigarettes.

Objective
To evaluate the relationship between electronic cigarettes use and stress, anxiety, and depression among dental students.

Methods
A cross-sectional study included 142 dental students in their preclinical, clinical, or internship year was conducted. The 142 participants were split evenly between two groups: smokers and nonsmokers. The average age of the study’s male and female participants was 21.6 years. Using the DASS 21 scale, participants were instructed to complete an electronic questionnaire assessing the association between electronic cigarettes use and stress, anxiety, and depression in smokers and nonsmokers.

Results
According to the findings of this study, stress, anxiety, and depression were significantly associated with electronic cigarette use. Compared to non-smokers, electronic cigarette smokers reported higher levels of severe/extremely severe depression (OR: 10.34, 95% CI: [4.23–24.1]), anxiety (OR: 13.8, 95% CI: [5.4–30.1]) and stress (OR: 27.6, 95% CI: [8.9–85.8]). Compared to males, females were 2.5 times (95% CI: [1.02–6.1]) more likely to report severe/extremely severe anxiety (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates a significant correlation between the use of electronic cigarettes and elevated levels of stress, anxiety, and depression among dental students in the UAE.
Development of multiplex real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of common fungal pathogens in invasive mycoses
Authors: Ismadi Yasmin Khairani Muhammad , Mohamad Suharni , Harun Azian 
Published: October 2024

Background
Fungi are common opportunistic pathogens that pose a significant threat to immunocompromised patients, particularly when late detection occurs.

Methods
In this study a multiplex real-time PCR has been developed for simultaneous detection of common fungal pathogens associated with invasive mycoses in a diagnostic setting.

Results
The specificity of the assay was rigorously tested on 40 types of organisms (n = 65), demonstrating 100% specificity. The limit of detection was determined to be 100 pg/μl (106 copies/μl), achievable within a rapid 3-h timeframe. The PCR assay efficiency exhibited a range between 89.77% and 104.30% for each target organism, with linearity falling between 0.9780 and 0.9983.

Conclusion
This multiplex real-time PCR assay holds promise for enhancing the timely and accurate diagnosis of invasive mycoses, particularly in immunocompromised patient populations.
Exploitation of the Large‐Area Basal Plane of MoS2 and Preparation of Bifunctional Catalysts through On‐Surface Self‐Assembly
Authors: Zhao Yinghe , Li Qiang , Shi Li , Wang Jinlan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe development of nonprecious electrochemical catalysts for water splitting is a key step to achieve a sustainable energy supply for the future. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been extensively studied as a promising low‐cost catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), whereas HER is only catalyzed at the edge for pristine MoS2, leaving a large area of basal plane useless. Herein, on‐surface self‐assembly is demonstrated to be an effective, facile, and damage‐free method to take full advantage of the large ratio surface of MoS2 for HER by using multiscale simulations. It is found that as supplement of edge sites of MoS2, on‐MoS2 M(abt)2 (M = Ni, Co; abt = 2‐aminobenzenethiolate) owns high HER activity, and the self‐assembled M(abt)2 monolayers on MoS2 can be obtained through a simple liquid‐deposition method. More importantly, on‐surface self‐assembly provides potential application for overall water splitting once the self‐assembled systems prove to be of both HER and oxygen evolution reaction activities, for example, on‐MoS2 Co(abt)2. This work opens up a new and promising avenue (on‐surface self‐assembly) toward the full exploitation of the basal plane of MoS2 for HER and the preparation of bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting.
Substitutional Growth of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites in Alcohols
Authors: Acik Muge , Alam Todd M. , Guo Fangmin , Ren Yang , Lee Byeongdu , Rosenberg Richard A. , Mitchell John F. , Park In Kee , Lee Geunsik , Darling Seth B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMethylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskites are organic–inorganic semiconductors with long carrier diffusion lengths serving as the light‐harvesting component in optoelectronics. Through a substitutional growth of MAPbI3 catalyzed by polar protic alcohols, evidence is shown for their substrate‐ and annealing‐free production and use of toxic solvents and high temperature is prevented. The resulting variable‐sized crystals (≈100 nm–10 µm) are found to be tetragonally single‐phased in alcohols and precipitated as powders that are metallic‐lead‐free. A comparatively low MAPbI3 yield in toluene supports the role of alcohol polarity and the type of solvent (protic vs aprotic). The theoretical calculations suggest that overall Gibbs free energy in alcohols is lowered due to their catalytic impact. Based on this alcohol‐catalyzed approach, MAPbI3 is obtained, which is chemically stable in air up to ≈1.5 months and thermally stable (≤300 °C). This method is amendable to large‐scale manufacturing and ultimately can lead to energy‐efficient, low‐cost, and stable devices.
Adaptive Output‐Feedback Control of Nonlinear Systems with Multiple Uncertainties
Authors: Huang Yaxin , Liu Yungang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper addresses the global stabilization via adaptive output‐feedback for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. Remarkably, the systems under investigation are with multiple uncertainties: unknown control directions, unknown growth rates and unknown input bias, and can be used to describe more physical plants. Multiple uncertainties, which usually cannot be compensated by a sole compensation technique, may give rise to big technical difficulty for controller design. To overcome such difficulty and to achieve the global stabilization, a new adaptive output‐feedback scheme is proposed in this paper, by flexibly combining Nussbaum‐type function, tuning function technique and extended state observer. It is shown that, under the designed controller, the system states globally converge to zero. A simulation example on non‐zero set‐point regulation is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Exponential Stabilization of Switched Discrete‐Time Systems with All Unstable Modes
Authors: Li Jiao , Ma Zixiao , Fu Jun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper studies the exponential stabilization of switched discrete‐time systems whose subsystems are unstable. A new sufficient condition for the exponential stability of the class of systems is proposed. The result obtained is based on the determination of a lower bound of the maximum dwell time by virtue of the multiple Lyapunov functions method. The key feature is that the given stability condition does not need the value of the Lyapunov function to uniformly decrease at every switching instant. An example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed result.
Effects of Hint1 deficiency on emotional‐like behaviors in mice under chronic immobilization stress
Authors: Sun Liankang , Liu Peng , Liu Fei , Zhou Yuan , Chu Zheng , Li Yuqi , Chu Guang , Zhang Ying , Wang Jiabei , Dang Yong‐hui 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundHistidine triad nucleotide‐binding protein 1 (HINT1) is regarded as a haplo‐insufficient tumor suppressor and is closely associated with diverse neuropsychiatric diseases. Moreover, HINT1 is related to gender‐specific acute behavior changes in schizophrenia and in response to nicotine. Stress has a range of molecular effects in emotional disorders, which can cause a reduction in brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus, resulting in hippocampal atrophy and neuronal cell loss.MethodsThis study examined the role of HINT1 deficiency in anxiety‐related and depression‐like behaviors and BDNF expression in the hippocampus under chronic immobilization stress, and investigated whether the sex‐specific and haplo‐insufficient effects exist in emotional‐like behaviors under the same condition.ResultsIn a battery of behavior tests, the results of the control group, not exposed to stress, showed that knockout (KO) and heterozygosity (HT) of Hint1 had anxiolytic‐like and antidepression‐like effects on the male and female mice. However, both male and female Hint1‐KO mice showed elevated anxiety‐related and antidepression‐like behavior under chronic immobilization stress; moreover, both male and female Hint1‐HT mice displayed elevated anxiety‐related behavior and increased depression‐like behavior under chronic immobilization stress. There were no significant differences in general locomotor activity between Hint1‐KO and ‐HT mice and their wild‐type (WT) littermates. Hint1‐KO mice under basal and chronic immobilization stress conditions expressed more BDNF in the hippocampus than did Hint1‐HT and WT mice; overall, there were no significant sex differences in emotional‐like behaviors of Hint1‐KO and ‐HT mice. Additionally, Hint1‐HT mice showed haplo‐insufficient effects on emotional‐like behaviors under basic conditions, rather than under chronic immobilization stress.ConclusionsBoth male and female HINT 1 KO and HT mice had a trend of anxiolytic‐like behavior and antidepression‐like behavior at control group. However, both male and female HINT1 KO mice showed elevated anxiety‐related and antidepression‐like behavior under chronic immobilization stress; moreover, both male and female HINT1 HT mice displayed elevated anxiety‐related behavior and increased depression‐like behavior under chronic immobilization stress.
Percutaneous mitral valve repair with the MitraClip NT™ system in a patient presenting with prolonged cardiogenic shock
Authors: Buckert Dominik , Markovic Sinisa , Kunze Markus , Wöhrle Jochen , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Walcher Daniel 
Published: September 2017

Key Clinical MessageThe MitraClip NT™ system for the treatment of severe mitral valve regurgitation is effective and safe – even for patients suffering from cardiogenic shock. The use of an intra‐aortic balloon pump expands the range of possible applications to this particular group of challenging patients.
The effect of temperature on male mating signals and female choice in the red mason bee, Osmia bicornis (L.)
Authors: Conrad Taina , Stöcker Carina , Ayasse Manfred 
Published: September 2017

AbstractClimate change and the resulting changes in air temperature are known to have a major influence on most animals, especially poikilothermic insects, because they depend on the high enough temperatures to function. Previous studies have shown that various signals can be affected by changes in temperature. However, research into the effect of temperature on mating signals and subsequently communication between mates and on female choice is still rare. In the red mason bee, Osmia bicornis, which emerges early in spring and is therefore subject to extensive temperature changes, females choose suitable males based on, among other criteria, their thorax vibrations and odor. So far there has been no research into the effect of temperature changes on these signals. We therefore investigated whether the environmental temperature has an influence on the male's mating signals by measuring vibrations using a laser vibrometer and collecting male and female odor at different temperatures. Furthermore, we performed behavioral experiments in order to show whether there is an effect of temperature‐induced changes and female choice. Our results showed that rejected males differed in their vibrations between the two temperature settings but accepted ones did not. Temperature changes therefore seem to have a stronger effect on those males that are rejected by the females, whereas the accepted males are the ones that can produce desirable signals despite temperature fluctuations. Furthermore, we found that the differences in odor profiles were greater between temperature settings than between the sexes and that females change their preference for odor with temperature. We conclude that temperature strongly influences the male mating signals and therefore may have a major impact on sexual selection in this species. This is an important aspect to consider, not only in future studies on mating behavior, but also in view of our ever raising temperatures.
Compensation of solar radiation and ventilation effects on the temperature measurement of radiosondes using dual thermistors
Authors: Lee Sang‐Wook , Park Eun Uk , Choi Byung Il , Kim Jong Chul , Woo Sang‐Bong , Kang Woong , Park Seongchong , Yang Seung Gu , Kim Yong‐Gyoo 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe temperature measurement in the upper air by radiosondes is affected by various environmental factors such as solar irradiation, ventilation and air pressure. Among them, solar irradiation induces radiative heating of sensors whereas ventilation causes convective cooling. Here, the effect of these opposite factors on air temperature measurement is studied to obtain a correction formula using an experimental set‐up consisting of a wind tunnel, a solar simulator and dual thermistors with different emissivities. The relationship between the temperature difference between the dual thermistors, irradiance and ventilation speed is first established in order to calculate irradiance in‐situ by solely using the temperature difference. The temperature difference between dual thermistors is linearly proportional to the irradiance up to 1500 W m−2 and the slope of the linear function is decreased as the wind speed is increased up to 10 m s−1 at a fixed pressure level (about 1000 hPa). The uncertainty of the calculated irradiance using dual thermistors is 12.2% at the coverage factor k = 2. The calculated irradiance is then used for the correction of temperature of thermistors relative to the reference temperature in the shade inside the wind tunnel. The combined uncertainty of corrected temperature including uncertainty factors due to the compensation of wind and irradiance as well as the reference temperature is 0.19 K (k = 2). The dual thermistor‐based technique can provide the traceability of the temperature measurement in upper air through in‐situ compensation of the solar radiation effect.
Behavioral and Psychological Phenotyping of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: Implications for Weight Management
Authors: Bryan Angela D. , Jakicic John M. , Hunter Christine M. , Evans Mary E. , Yanovski Susan Z. , Epstein Leonard H. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveRisk for obesity is determined by a complex mix of genetics and lifetime exposures at multiple levels, from the metabolic milieu to psychosocial and environmental influences. These phenotypic differences underlie the variability in risk for obesity and response to weight management interventions, including differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior.MethodsAs part of a broader effort focused on behavioral and psychological phenotyping in obesity research, the National Institutes of Health convened a multidisciplinary workshop to explore the state of the science in behavioral and psychological phenotyping in humans to explain individual differences in physical activity, both as a risk factor for obesity development and in response to activity‐enhancing interventions.ResultsUnderstanding the behavioral and psychological phenotypes that contribute to differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior could allow for improved treatment matching and inform new targets for tailored, innovative, and effective weight management interventions.ConclusionsThis summary provides the rationale for identifying psychological and behavioral phenotypes relevant to physical activity and identifies opportunities for future research to better understand, define, measure, and validate putative phenotypic factors and characterize emerging phenotypes that are empirically associated with initiation of physical activity, response to intervention, and sustained changes in physical activity.
The Additional Costs and Health Effects of a Patient Having Overweight or Obesity: A Computational Model
Authors: Fallah‐Fini Saeideh , Adam Atif , Cheskin Lawrence J. , Bartsch Sarah M. , Lee Bruce Y. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveThis paper estimates specific additional disease outcomes and costs that could be prevented by helping a patient go from an obesity or overweight category to a normal weight category at different ages. This information could help physicians, other health care workers, patients, and third‐party payers determine how to prioritize weight reduction.MethodsA computational Markov model was developed that represented the BMI status, chronic health states, health outcomes, and associated costs (from various perspectives) for an adult at different age points throughout his or her lifetime.ResultsIncremental costs were calculated for adult patients with obesity or overweight (vs. normal weight) at different starting ages. For example, for a metabolically healthy 20‐year‐old, having obesity (vs. normal weight) added lifetime third‐party payer costs averaging $14,059 (95% range: $13,956‐$14,163), productivity losses of $14,141 ($13,969‐$14,312), and total societal costs of $28,020 ($27,751‐$28,289); having overweight vs. normal weight added $5,055 ($4,967‐$5,144), $5,358 ($5,199‐$5,518), and $10,365 ($10,140‐$10,590). For a metabolically healthy 50‐year‐old, having obesity added $15,925 ($15,831‐$16,020), $20,120 ($19,887‐$20,352), and $36,278 ($35,977‐$36,579); having overweight added $5,866 ($5,779‐$5,953), $10,205 ($9,980‐$10,429), and $16,169 ($15,899‐$16,438).ConclusionsIncremental lifetime costs of a patient with obesity or overweight (vs. normal weight) increased with the patient's age, peaked at age 50, and decreased with older ages. However, weight reduction even in older adults still yielded incremental cost savings.
High‐throughput droplet microfluidics screening platform for selecting fast‐growing and high lipid‐producing microalgae from a mutant library
Authors: Kim Hyun Soo , Hsu Shih‐Chi , Han Song‐I , Thapa Hem R. , Guzman Adrian R. , Browne Daniel R. , Tatli Mehmet , Devarenne Timothy P. , Stern David B. , Han Arum 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBiofuels derived from microalgal lipids have demonstrated a promising potential as future renewable bioenergy. However, the production costs for microalgae‐based biofuels are not economically competitive, and one strategy to overcome this limitation is to develop better‐performing microalgal strains that have faster growth and higher lipid content through genetic screening and metabolic engineering. In this work, we present a high‐throughput droplet microfluidics‐based screening platform capable of analyzing growth and lipid content in populations derived from single cells of a randomly mutated microalgal library to identify and sort variants that exhibit the desired traits such as higher growth rate and increased lipid content. By encapsulating single cells into water‐in‐oil emulsion droplets, each variant was separately cultured inside an individual droplet that functioned as an independent bioreactor. In conjunction with an on‐chip fluorescent lipid staining process within droplets, microalgal growth and lipid content were characterized by measuring chlorophyll and BODIPY fluorescence intensities through an integrated optical detection system in a flow‐through manner. Droplets containing cells with higher growth and lipid content were selectively retrieved and further analyzed off‐chip. The growth and lipid content screening capabilities of the developed platform were successfully demonstrated by first carrying out proof‐of‐concept screening using known Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutants. The platform was then utilized to screen an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)‐mutated C. reinhardtii population, where eight potential mutants showing faster growth and higher lipid content were selected from 200,000 examined samples, demonstrating the capability of the platform as a high‐throughput screening tool for microalgal biofuel development.