bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT BY STANDING LAPAROSCOPY AND INGUINAL CELIOTOMY APPROACH OF THE CRYPTORCHID CANADIAN PONY STALLION – CASE REPORT
Authors: Igna Cornel , Dascalu Roxana , Bumb Daniel , Sicoe Bogdan , Schuszler Larisa 
Published: December 2016

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT BY STANDING LAPAROSCOPY AND INGUINAL CELIOTOMY APPROACH OF THE CRYPTORCHID CANADIAN PONY STALLION – CASE REPORT Cornel IGNA1*, Roxana DASCALU1, Daniel BUMB1, Bogdan Sicoe1, Larisa SCHUSZLER1 1 Banat’s University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, “King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, Romania *Corresponding author, e-mail: ignacornel@gmail.com Keywords: cryptorchidectomy, inguinal celiotomy, laparoscopic, stallion pony Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery has become an accepted method of identification and removal of intra-abdominal testes in the horse. Wilson and Madison – 1989 describe the use of laparoscopy to diagnose an abdominal retained testes. Since then numerous laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy techniques have been described. Aims: In the encountered specialty literature there are few reports in which standing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy could not be performed in stallions including miniature horse too. Because there are no informations regarding laparoscopic surgery in large animals in romanian literature this report describes the surgical management of a Canadian pony diagnosed with partial abdominal unilaterally cryptorchidism at which laparoscopic castration has failed and the removal of the retained testicle has been made through inguinal celiotomy. Materials and Methods: A 4-year-old unilaterally cryptorchid Canadian pony was admitted for castration. The left testis was in the scrotum, but neither the right testis nor the right epididymis could be located by external palpation of the right inguinal canal. The proposed treatment was laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy with pony standing in stock. With a long-handled forceps inserted into the abdominal cavity, the testis cord is gently grasped and moderate traction without success in bringing the testicle into the abdomen - retained testis. After the failure of laparascopic cryptorchidectomy but having an exact diagnosis - partial abdominal unilaterally cryptorchidism, we have proceeded to open cryptorchidectomy via inguinal approach with pony anesthetized and positioned in dorsal recumbency. Results: This case report reveals that the major disadvantage of the cryptorchidectomy by flank approach is the inability to remove an inguinally retained testis. Conclusion: If the location of the testis is unknown, the standing laparoscopic diagnose can be decisive. Cryptorchidectomy via inguinal approach and noninvasive method for identifying and everting the vaginal process by traction of the inguinal extension of the gubernaculum testis are commonly facile procedure.
Therapeutic efficacy and safety evaluation of erythrocyte concentrate used in dogs
Authors: Barabasi Ildiko , Stefanut Cristina , Ognean Laurent 
Published: December 2016

Therapeutic efficacy and safety evaluation of erythrocyte concentrate used in dogs 1Ildikó BARABÁSI, 1Cristina ȘTEFǍNUȚ, 1Laurenţ OGNEAN 1University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400037, Manastur street, no.3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania *Corresponding author: lognean@yahoo.com Keywords: dogs, erythrocyte concentrate, hematocrit, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, transfusion therapy Introduction: The minimum dose of whole blood products as well as erythrocyte concentrate has been under a lot of debate, new equations for calculating the optimal dose being made up from a large variety of hematologists (Kisielewicz et al 2014; Helm and Knottenbelt, 2010; Gibson, 2007). Aim: The therapeutical efficacy of erythrocyte concentrates in dogs with different types of anemia by measuring the hematocrit level 6 hours after the transfusion and a complete blood count 5 days post-transfusion therapy. Materials and methods: Blood tests were performed with ADIVA hematological analyzer; the 6 hour post-transfusion hematocrit was determined by a micro hematocrit. On admission every patient received a routine blood test that included 40 hematological parameters and 21 biochemical parameters. In addition, a detailed examination of the blood smears was also performed by the ADIVA hematological analyzer with 26 parameters that mostly referred to red blood cell and white blood cell morphology. Blood typing was done using the RapidVet quick test kit. Patients received only type specific blood and to limit transfusion reaction occurrences, in addition, a crossmatch test was performed before every transfusion. Statistical analysis was accomplished with GraphPadInStat 3.0 and the graphical depiction of the obtained results was made using the Origin 8.5. graphics program. Results: Statistical analysis reveal that the total red blood cell count underwent very significant changes (p=0.0052) as well as the hemoglobin (p=0.0085). The hematocrit had an extremely significant evolution (p=0.0002). As far as the other hematological parameters are concerned, none underwent statistically significant evolutions from first day of transfusion (T0) until five days post-transfusion therapy (T5). Conclusion: The erythrocyte concentrate can be used safely even in critically ill or immune-suppressed patients and even in patients with an exaggerated immune response. A clear dosage of this blood product has not been set yet, every administration has to be tailored to the patient’s needs.
Microbiological Quality Evaluation of Various Types Of Traditional Romanian Cheese Through Advanced Methods
Authors: Tabaran Alexandra , Dan Sorin Daniel , Reget Oana Lucia , Cordea Darius Victor , Magdas Alina Dana , Mihaiu Marian 
Published: December 2016

Raw milk represents a nutritive environment for a number of pathogens, like Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157: H7, Staphylococcus aureus etc. This fact can cause a serious of foodborne outbreaks associated to the consumption of contaminated milk and derivated products. The traditional processing of raw milk in poor hygiene conditions can pose a serious microbiological risk. The study aimed at evaluating the incidence of pathogen bacteria in ripened traditional cheese by advanced biochemical and molecular methods in order to reveal the possible risk of consumer exposure. The study was applied on 150 samples of riepened cheese from the follwoing types: salted teleme cheese and „Burduf” cheese and „Năsal” cheese. The traditional teleme cheese presented an average value of the total E. coli count in between 11.06±0.52-38.33±2.76 cfu/g. The risk represented by the presence of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus is low within the first steps of ripening, being absent after 28 months of ripeneing in the teleme cheese samples. The Staphylococcus aureus load was in between 3.82±0.12 log cfu/g for the first period of ripeneing in „Burduf” cheese and 0.27±0.56 log cfu/g after the second period of maturation, following a descendant pathway towards the last period of ripening. In „Năsal” cheese we isolated the specific Brevibacterium linens, which gives the characteristics of this type of cheese, but also Micrococcus spp., in 35% and lactic streptococci in 20%. The traditional cheese evaluated represent a low risk of contamination given that no sample investigated has exceeded the maximum limits allowed by the legislation and no pathogen bacteria isolated.
The Rules of an Occupational Retirement Fund and the Problem of Defaulting Employers: A Reconsideration of Orion Money Purchase Pension Fund (SA) v Pension Funds Adjudicator
Authors: Nkosi Thulani 
Published: December 2016

This paper reflects on the ongoing challenges presented by certain employers who, whilst deducting occupational retirement fund contributions from their employees' salaries, fail to pay over those contributions to the relevant occupational retirement funds. These employers also often fail to register themselves or their employees as participating members of occupational retirement funds when they are supposed to. Such failures to register with the relevant occupational retirement funds and to pay over fund contributions have disastrous effects on the employees who are at the receiving end of these unlawful practices. This is the case because employees lose the value and use of their salaries through the deductions, and also the benefits of their occupational retirement funds.
Although the Pension Funds Act 24 of 1956 is sufficiently responsive and provides adequate mechanisms to guide against this scourge, it is this paper's argument that occupational retirement funds themselves have not done their bit in enforcing the Pension Funds Act. The failure on the part of the funds to enforce the Pension Funds Act by ensuring that fund contributions are collected from participating employers has resulted in, and continues to result in, untold losses on the part of the employees. Properly considered, the paper submits that the failure by occupational retirement funds to enforce the Pension Funds Act has the potential of unjustifiably limiting several of the employee members' constitutional rights.
It is not good enough, so argues the paper, for occupational retirement funds to have rules that prohibit them from paying retirement fund benefits where no contributions have been received. It is also not good enough for courts and the office of the PFA to blindly enforce the rules of occupational retirement funds without consistently subjecting them to the Pension Funds Act and the Constitution for validity and legality. It is on this basis that the case of Orion Money Purchase Pension Fund (SA) v Pension Funds Adjudicator is challenged. The case is authority for the principle that the only available remedy to an employee who has been cheated out of retirement fund benefits owing to the employer's failure to make fund contributions is one that compels the fund to calculate those outstanding contributions and demand that total sum from the employer. For various reasons this does not address the problem of defaulting employers, which can be addressed only by properly enforcing the Pension Funds Act and also consistently subjecting the rules to the Act in cases of disputes.
Two new species of Epeolini from northern Chile, with the first record of <i>Triepeolus</i> for the country and a key to Chilean species of <i>Doeringiella</i> (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Packer Laurence 
Published: December 2016

Triepeolus cecilyae Packer, new species, and Doeringiella mamabee Packer, new species, both from the far north of Chile are described and illustrated. Both are known from single male specimens despite considerable search effort in the area of their provenance. The former species is the first of the genus recorded from Chile. A key to the three species of Doeringiella Holmberg known from Chile is provided. Caupolicana dimidiata Herbst is recorded as a likely host of D. gigas (Spinola).
Two new genera of Cretaceous dustywings in amber from northern Myanmar (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S. 
Published: December 2016

Two new genera and species are added to the fauna of dustywings (Coniopterygidae) preserved in Upper Cretaceous (earliest Cenomanian) amber of northern Myanmar, doubling the described diversity from this deposit. One genus is of the subfamily Aleuropteryginae and described as Achlyoconis heptatrichia Engel, new genus and species. This species is noteworthy for the infumate and patterned wings and unique presence of seven prominent setae positioned on thickenings occurring along the length of the forewing media. Paranimboa litotes Engel, new genus and species, is representative of the subfamily Coniopteryginae and distinctive among Mesozoic groups for the unbranched Rs, among other traits. In addition, a peculiar larva preserved alongside the holotype of P. litotes is described. While having a prothoracic and head form similar to aleuropterygines as well as a labial palpus with only two palpomeres, diagnostic for Coniopterygidae, the antenna bears four articles rather than the two present in crown-group dustywings. A revised key to the genera of Cretaceous Coniopterygidae is provided.
Influencias flamencas en la obra de Joan de Joanes
Authors: Ferrer Orts/Ferrer del Río Alberto/Estefanía 
Published: December 2016

Joan V. Macip, alias Joan de Joanes, fue sin lugar a dudas el renovador estilístico del taller dirigido por su padre, Vicent Macip, hasta al menos 1542, fecha en la que aparece como titular del mismo. En este contexto, con la culminación del retablo de Segorbe se inicia una etapa en la que el genio creativo de Joanes se manifiesta progresivamente con mayor nitidez, al combinar magistralmente en su producción artística los italianismos importados con los influjos flamencos presentes en la ciudad a través de Mencía de Mendoza, culta noble y ardua coleccionista que vivió a caballo entre España y Flandes, especialmente en Valencia.
Preventing future acute coronary events:Can we find and treat either the vulnerable plaque or the vulnerable, high risk patient?
Authors: Ambrose John 
Published: December 2016

<p>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) contribute to the leading cause of mortality for adults in the United States – cardiovascular disease. Over the last 3 decades, there have been tremendous improvements in our ability to: rapidly detect (eg. Troponin utilization) and treat acute coronary syndromes (eg.new medications, percutaneous coronary intervention), lower cardiovascular risk (eg. statins) and standardize cardiovascular care through widely available guideline-directed medical therapies. Nevertheless, according to the American Heart Association, in 2010 there were still an estimated 915,000 new or recurrent AMIs and 278,000 SCD events.<sup>1</sup>So this begs the question, what more can we do to prevent devastating future acute coronary events?</p>
Respiratory Stimulation for Cough Using a 12-Channel Neuroprosthetic Platform with Intramuscular Mapping and Permaloc® Electrodes: Acute Studies in Adult Canines
Authors: Walter James 
Published: December 2016

<p><em>Objective:</em><strong> </strong>Optimal methods of combined abdominal, upper-thoracic<em> </em>and diaphragm muscles stimulation for cough were studied using a 12-Channel Neuroprosthetic Platform and intramuscular Mapping and Permaloc<sup>® </sup>electrodes<em>.</em></p><p><em>Methods: </em>Large respiratory volumes were induced in six, adult, respiratory-apneic canines. Optimal abdominal stimulation used three or four bilateral sets of Mapping electrodes just dorsal to the abdominal lateral line, upper-thoracic optimization included two or three sets of these electrodes implanted ventral to the axilla, and diaphragm stimulation used two bilateral sets of Permaloc<sup>® </sup>implanted lateral to the central tendon. Combined muscle stimulation tests followed testing in individual muscles and included brief periods of tracheal tube clamping as a model of glottal closure to increase flow. For upper-thorax stimulation a safety factor was determined, to avoid the induction of heart arrhythmia, as the ratio of the highest total current with 12 sets of electrodes in the upper-thorax that did not induce arrhythmia, or the maximal current of 1,200 mA, to the optimized total current for a maximal inspiration.</p><p><em>Results:</em><strong> </strong>Maximal abdominal expiration was 257<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>31 ml, upper-thorax inspiration was 409<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>91 (n = 6) ml, and diaphragm stimulation was 377 ± 39 ml (n = 6). Combined muscles stimulation was additive; upper-thorax followed immediately by abdominal stimulation increased the volume to 673 ± 118 while further adding the diaphragm resulted in 914 ± 77 ml. Peak flow was significantly increased for combined extradiaphragmatic stimulation from 1,582 ± 205 ml/s by the glottal closure maneuver to1,217 ± 189 ml/s (n =6). Safety from heart arrhythmia for upper-thorax stimulation was 5 for one animal where arrhythmia occurred and great than 16.4 ± 0.9 for four other animals with no arrhythmia.</p>
Assessment of foot print of femoral tunnel placement with commercially available off set guide in arthroscopic ACL reconstruction
Authors: Tantuway Vinay , Mustafa Johar S. A. , Patel Viral , Nagla Ashok , Gupta Rishi , Bhambani Pawan 
Published: December 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span>Accurate placement of the femoral tunnel is critical for long-term clinical success following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.</span> <span> Current trends in ACL reconstruction favor anatomic positioning of ACL attachment sites. Surgical inaccuracy in femoral tunnel positioning can lead to potential early graft failure and early-onset osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate</span> the functional outcome in patients who underwent arthroscopic anatomic ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon graft<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The<strong> </strong>study was conducted in the Orthopedics Department of IIMCHRC, Indore the placement of femoral tunnel, using femoral off set guide with other techniques. All the patients who were diagnosed clinically and radiologically with ACL tear and all who gave the consent were included in the study. All patients were enrolled to undergo primary arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In the present study out of 42 patients; 23 patients (55%) had right sided ACL injury and remaining 19 patients (45%) had left sided ACL injury. We assessed functional outcome of the patients through pre-operative and post-operative IKDC scoring. The mean of the pre-op IKDC scoring was 33.61 with SD of 9.67 and the mean of the post-operative IKDC scoring was 77.95 with SD of 15.15<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The commercially available off set guide technique of the femoral tunnel placement in arthroscopic ACL reconstruction is easy, reliable and reproducible with the foot print at anatomical place on the femoral site<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
Utilização de Elastômeros como Modificadores de Impacto em Poliamidas
Authors: Rocetto Luiza Bedin , Zeni Mara Andrade , Brandalise Rosmary Nichele 
Published: December 2016

A utilização de elastômeros como modificadores de impacto em blendas poliméricas é um assunto continuamente explorado em estudos que buscam aprimorar o desempenho de polímeros frágeis, sem a necessidade de grandes investimentos em produção como o desenvolvimento de novos polímeros para aplicações específicas. As poliamidas são polímeros de engenharia com propriedades térmicas e mecânicas atrativas, porém apresentam limitações na resistência ao impacto, principalmente em baixas temperaturas e na presença de entalhe, característica que pode ser modificada com a presença de uma fase elastomérica dispersa na matriz. Existem diversos fatores que influenciam na tenacificação de poliamidas e de polímeros frágeis em geral com elastômeros, que vão desde as propriedades físicas, mecânicas e térmicas isoladas de cada componente da blenda, às características da mistura, como a termodinâmica, compatibilidade, adesão e tensão interfacial, forma de obtenção e condições de processamento, até as propriedades finais da blenda como o comportamento térmico, dinâmico-mecânico e a morfologia que é extremamente importante e define o comportamento mecânico do material tenacificado. Esses tópicos são abordados nesta revisão, trazendo os aspectos importantes em relação aos elastômeros e suas misturas com poliamidas com o objetivo de tenacificação, e ainda resultados de estudos realizados ao longo dos anos até os dias de hoje com diferentes tipos de poliamidas e de elastômeros, que auxiliam no entendimento do comportamento destes tipos de blendas. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v4iss3p135
Operação de Reservatório Sergipano via Curvas-Guia Parametrizadas por Modelo de Simulação-Otimização
Authors: Alcântara Oliveira Itamara , Celeste Alcigeimes B. 
Published: December 2016

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre políticas de alocação que podem ser empregadas em reservatórios de abastecimento de água. Curvas-guia operacionais são desenvolvidas por meio da metodologia de parametrização-simulação-otimização (PSO) e aplicadas na operação mensal do reservatório da barragem do rio Poxim, em Sergipe. Inicialmente, registros históricos de afluências são usados para a calibração dos parâmetros do modelo. Posteriormente, lança-se mão de cem cenários de afluências sintéticas de cem anos visando a validação do procedimento. Para comparação, outras estratégias de modelagens são utilizadas: a política de operação padrão de reservatórios (SOP: standard operating policy), a otimização determinística perante previsão perfeita de afluências futuras (ODPP) e a programação dinâmica estocástica (PDE). Constata-se que a PSO fornece desempenho próximo ao da ODPP e menores vulnerabilidades em relação à SOP e à PDE, justificando sua adoção por conta da matemática mais simplificada.. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v4iss3p154
Avaliação do Polimorfismo e Perfil de Dissolução de Formulações de Carbamazepina
Authors: Tavares Gisele , Pires Camila Cervi , Souza Juliana Dias , Tasso Leandro 
Published: December 2016

A carbamazepina é um fármaco que apresenta baixa solubilidade, estreita janela terapêutica e exibe polimorfismo. A presença de diferentes polimorfos da carbamazepina em medicamentos está relacionada com propriedades de solubilidade de dissolução limitadas, onde apenas a forma polimórfica III deve estar presente em produtos comerciais. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de produtos referência, genérico, similar e manipulado de carbamazepina na dose de 200 mg, através da identificação da forma polimórfica presente nos produtos empregando a espectroscopia no infravermelho, calorimetria exploratória diferencial e a difração por raio-X, bem como correlacionar os resultados com os perfis de dissolução. A qualidade dos produtos também foi avaliada mediante o teste do peso médio e de conteúdo. Todas as amostras contendo carbamazepina apresentaram a forma III na sua composição. Nenhuma das formulações apresentou perfil de dissolução semelhante ao produto de referência. Observou-se que todos os produtos contendo carbamazepina estavam de acordo com as especificações farmacopeias em relação ao peso médio e seu conteúdo. A eficácia de dissolução variou de 88,71% a 95,34%. O controle constante de polimorfismo é um passo importante para garantir a qualidade dos produtos, uma vez que a carbamazepina pode se converter em diferentes polimorfos. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v4iss3p161