bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La prévoyance funéraire dans le Nord-Est ontarien
Authors: Bussières Luc 
Published: December 2016

Cet article présente les résultats d’une enquête empirique sur le phénomène de la prévoyance funéraire en Occident. Comment le fait que des personnes, qui, de leur vivant, deviennent des clientes des entreprises funéraires peut-il changer potentiellement le cours de l’histoire de la ritualité funéraire à venir? À partir de plus de 1 500 contrats d’arrangements funéraires préalables non encore exécutés auxquels il a pu être possible d’avoir accès auprès de six entreprises funéraires de Nord-Est ontarien (Canada), nous examinons qui sont les clients et les clientes de ces entreprises pour ensuite distinguer les huit options funéraires préétablies qui s’offrent à cette clientèle. Nous observons ensuite les principales tendances rituelles qui se dégagent de ces choix, de même que ce qui les fait varier. Nous mettons ensuite ces résultats en parallèle avec des questions soulevées dans une recherche préalable, questions qui engagent la thanatologie.
Représentation et transposition de l’au-delà chrétien chez Hubert Aquin
Authors: Ernst Gilles 
Published: December 2016

L’article analyse la représentation de l’au-delà chrétien et plus spécialement catholique dans trois des grands romans d’Hubert Aquin : L’invention de la mort, Trou de mémoire et Prochain épisode. Cette représentation, nourrie par la solide culture religieuse (Bible, dogmes, liturgie) d’un écrivain qui fut notamment l’élève des jésuites, n’est pas fidèle à ses sources. Au contraire, s’inversant en contre-eschatologie, elle contredit systématiquement le discours de l’Église. Et selon deux procédés : le rejet pur et simple des grands dogmes ou événements bibliques souvent présentés de manière blasphématoire; le détournement du sens des grands symboles attachés à la figure du Christ dans la Bible (la Transfiguration) et la liturgie (la transsubstantiation). L’invention de la mort où le héros se suicide théâtralement et où la mort du Christ est présentée comme un suicide recourt aux deux procédés, tandis que les deux autres romans, centrés sur le mouvement indépendantiste québécois auquel Aquin a appartenu, privilégient un événement majeur dans la Passion du Christ. En l’occurrence, sa descente dans les « enfers » pour libérer les âmes des Justes, événement qui devient chez Aquin le symbole d’un Québec en attente de sa libération.
« La poésie des choses sujettes à ne pas durer ». Aux antipodes de la mort contemporaine?
Authors: Des Aulniers Luce 
Published: December 2016

Les mises en scène de la mort reposent originellement sur la maîtrise symbolique d’un événement « dépareillé », qui advient selon ses propres règles. À travers le fil exploratoire de laretenue, cette maîtrise est examinée sous trois de ses acceptions évolutives pouvant néanmoins convivre dans la contemporanéité : 1) l’ambivalence affective reconnue rituellement devant la personnification humaine de la mort; 2) la contenance des « endeuillés » qui, à l’excès, contribuerait aux aléas de l’émotion débridée, à travers divers déplacements telles la médiatisation des morts célèbres et la mise en spectacle de la mort violente, lesquels ne sont pas sans effet sur les modalités même du mourir; 3) au nom de la distinction de l’individu, la maîtrise technologique de l’image qui s’adonne à la rétention des morts, et ce, sous trois cas de figure. Ainsi, de glissements en retournements, la mort gagne en « style ». La question qui se pose alors tient dans ce qu’elle perd plus ou moins de son « autonomie », en étant soumise aux procédés défensifs qui la rendraient acceptable, si ce n’est agréable.
Meta-analysis of prophylactic mesh to prevent parastomal hernia
Authors: Cross A J , Buchwald P L , Frizelle F A , Eglinton T W 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background
Rates of parastomal hernia following stoma formation remain high. Previous systematic reviews suggested that prophylactic mesh reduces the rate of parastomal hernia; however, a larger trial has recently called this into question. The aim was to determine whether mesh placed at the time of primary stoma creation prevents parastomal hernia.

Methods
The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL were searched using medical subject headings for parastomal hernia, mesh and prevention. Reference lists of identified studies, clinicaltrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry were also searched. All randomized clinical trials were included. Two authors extracted data from each study independently using a purpose-designed sheet. Risk of bias was assessed by a tool based on that developed by Cochrane.

Results
Ten randomized trials were identified among 150 studies screened. In total 649 patients were included in the analysis (324 received mesh). Overall the rates of parastomal hernia were 53 of 324 (16·4 per cent) in the mesh group and 119 of 325 (36·6 per cent) in the non-mesh group (odds ratio 0·24, 95 per cent c.i. 0·12 to 0·50; P &lt; 0·001). Mesh reduced the rate of parastomal hernia repair by 65 (95 per cent c.i. 28 to 85) per cent (P = 0·02). There were no differences in rates of parastomal infection, stomal stenosis or necrosis. Mesh type and position, and study quality did not have an independent effect on this relationship.

Conclusion
Mesh placed prophylactically at the time of stoma creation reduced the rate of parastomal hernia, without an increase in mesh-related complications.
Splenic preservation in laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Dai M-H , Shi N , Xing C , Liao Q , Zhang T-P , Chen G , Wu W-M , Guo J-C , Liu Z-W , Zhao Y-P 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (LSPDP) is designed principally for the removal of benign and low-grade malignant lesions in the left pancreas. The aims of this study were to compare LSPDP with laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (LDPS), compare two splenic preservation techniques (splenic vessel preservation and Warshaw technique) and investigate factors that influence splenic preservation.

Methods
Information from patients who underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy between December 2004 and January 2016 at a single institution was reviewed. Data were extracted from a prospectively developed database. Intention-to-treat and propensity score matching analyses were employed. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to investigate factors affecting splenic preservation.

Results
There were 206 patients in total (126 planned LSPDP and 80 planned LDPS procedures), of whom 108 underwent LSPDP and 98 LDPS. In intention-to-treat analysis, the duration of surgery was significantly shorter in the LSPDP group than in the LDPS group (mean 191·0 versus 220·5 min respectively; P &lt; 0·001). Tumour size was an independent risk factor for splenic vessel resection in planned splenic vessel preservation operations, and a cut-off value of 3 cm provided optimal diagnostic accuracy. After a median follow-up of 35·9 months, there were no clinically significant splenic infarctions and no patient developed gastrointestinal bleeding after LSPDP.

Conclusion
Planned LSPDP had a high splenic preservation rate and was associated with significantly shorter operating time than LDPS. Splenic vessel preservation could be predicted using a tumour cut-off size of 3 cm.
Towards the Development of Small‐Molecule MO25 Binders as Potential Indirect SPAK/OSR1 Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Kadri Hachemi , Alamri Mubarak A. , Navratilova Iva H. , Alderwick Luke J. , Simpkins Nigel S. , Mehellou Youcef 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe binding of the scaffolding protein MO25 to SPAK and OSR1 protein kinases, which regulate ion homeostasis, causes increases of up to 100‐fold in their catalytic activity. Various animal models have shown that the inhibition of SPAK and OSR1 lowers blood pressure, and so here we present a new indirect approach to inhibiting SPAK and OSR1 kinases by targeting their protein partner MO25. To explore this approach, we developed a fluorescent polarisation assay and used it in screening of a small in‐house library of ≈4000 compounds. This led to the identification of one compound—HK01—as the first small‐molecule inhibitor of the MO25‐dependent activation of SPAK and OSR1 in vitro. Our data confirm the feasibility of targeting this protein–protein interaction by small‐molecule compounds and highlights their potential to modulate ion co‐transporters and thus cellular electrolyte balance.
Mechanical Bowel Preparation Does Not Affect Clinical Severity of Anastomotic Leakage in Rectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Ji Woong Bae , Hahn Koo Yong , Kwak Jung Myun , Kang Dong Woo , Baek Se Jin , Kim Jin , Kim Seon Hahn 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundPrevious multicenter randomized trials demonstrated that omitting mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) did not increase anastomotic leakage rates or other infectious complications. However, the most serious concern regarding the omission of MBP is ongoing fecal peritonitis after anastomotic leakage occurs. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical manifestations and severity of anastomotic leakage between patients who underwent MBP and those who did not.MethodsThis study was a single‐center retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database. From January 2006 to September 2013, 1369 patients who underwent elective rectal cancer resection with primary anastomosis were identified and analyzed.ResultsAnastomotic leakage rates were not significantly different between patients who did not undergo MBP (77/831, 9.27%) and those who did (42/538, 7.81%). However, a significantly lower rate of clinical leakage requiring surgical exploration was observed in the leakage without MBP group (30/77, 39.0%) compared with the leakage with MBP group (30/42, 71.4%) (P = 0.001). There were no significant differences in the clinical severity of anastomotic leakage as assessed by the length of hospital stay, time to resuming a normal diet, length of antibiotic use, ileus rate, transfusion rate, ICU admission rate, and mortality rate between the leakage without MBP and leakage with MBP groups.ConclusionMBP was not found to affect the clinical severity of anastomotic leakage in elective rectal cancer surgery.
KRAS‐related noncoding RNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Shuang‐Ni , Ma Yi‐Hui , Zhao Wu‐Gan , Jin Xiang‐Lan , Yang Hai‐Yan , Liu Ping‐Ping , Chen Jie 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a poor overall prognosis. However, curative resection during the early stages of the disease can greatly improve survival rates, highlighting the importance of early screening and detection. Studies of noncoding RNAs, primarily microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), provide important insights into strategies for the early detection of KRAS‐driven PDAC. Here, we summarize our studies and review current reports on research investigating KRAS‐related miRNAs and lncRNAs, emphasizing their aberrant expression, mechanisms, carcinogenic effects, and prognostic and predictive capacities in PDAC.
Circulating free DNA in the era of precision oncology: Pre‐ and post‐analytical concerns
Authors: Lu Jun‐Liang , Liang Zhi‐Yong 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCancer treatment has entered the era of precision medicine, where knowledge of a patient's genetic profile is used to facilitate early diagnosis, drug selection, prognosis, prediction of drug responsiveness, the onset of secondary resistance, and relapse. Circulating free DNA (cfDNA) has emerged as an ideal source of genetic information for cancer patients, and numerous studies have explored its validity in various clinical applications. However, clinical implementation of cfDNA‐based tests has been slow. In this review, we addressed some of the pre‐ and post‐analytical issues regarding cfDNA tests. First, we summarized the characteristics of cfDNA and reviewed the methods used to identify tumor‐derived cfDNA from the pool of total cfDNA. Second, we described the procedures used to extract cfDNA, which have a great impact on representativeness and yield. Finally, we discussed our thoughts on the validation of cfDNA‐based tests and the reporting of test results amid drastic limitations.
Exposure to a maternal cafeteria diet changes open‐field behaviour in the developing offspring
Authors: Speight Abigail , Davey William G. , McKenna Emily , Voigt Jörg‐Peter W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe early postnatal period is a sensitive period in rodents as behavioural systems are developing and maturing during this time. However, little is currently known about the behavioural effects of feeding a hyper‐energetic cafeteria diet (CD) during the lactational period when offspring behaviour is tested during early adolescence. To this end, 23 days old offspring from dams (Wistar) fed on CD during lactation were tested in either the open‐field or the elevated plus‐maze for exploration and anxiety‐related behaviour. On postnatal day 9, maternal behaviour and non‐maternal behaviour of the dam was assessed. It was hypothesized that lactational CD feeding would reduce anxiety in the offspring. CD‐fed dams had a higher energy intake, due to an overconsumption of sugars and fats. When offspring from these dams were exposed to the open field after weaning, their locomotor activity was increased. They entered the more aversive inner zone of the open‐field after a shorter latency, made more entries into and spent more time in the inner zone. Anxiety‐related behaviour was not affected upon exposure to the elevated plus maze, suggesting anxiolysis in the open‐field only. Increased maternal licking/grooming behaviour could possibly contribute to the anxiolytic phenotype as observed in the offspring from the CD group. In conclusion, we demonstrate that lactational overfeeding impacts on the development of behaviour in the early adolescent rat.
Influence of Anaesthesia on Mobilisation following Hip Fracture Surgery: An Observational Study
Authors: Iftikhar Ahmed , Asim Khan Muhammad , Victoria Allgar 
Published: December 2016

Background Anaesthetic technique can influence mortality and morbidity following hip fracture surgery. However, its influence on postoperative mobilisation is not clear. In this study, we evaluated the influence of anaesthetic technique on postoperative mobilisation. Methods In this prospective observational study, we included all consecutive patients who underwent surgery for hip fracture between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2013 at our institution. Any patients who died prior to mobilisation or who could not be followed up after surgery were excluded. Data was collected on demographics, clinical characteristics, anaesthesia technique and surgical factors, and date and time of admission, operation, first mobilisation and discharge. Results Of the 1040 patients included in the analysis, 264 received general anaesthesia only (Group GA), 322 received general anaesthesia with regional anaesthesia (Group GARA), and 454 received central neuraxial blockade anaesthesia with or without sedation (Group CNB). There was no significant difference in age (p = 0.56), sex (p = 0.23), number of comorbidities (p = 0.06), residential status (p = 0.18), time to surgery (p = 0.10) and length of hospital stay (p = 0.30) between the three groups. There was a statistically significant difference in ASA grade (p = 0.01), implant type used (p = 0.04), grade of operating surgeon (p = 0.02) and grade of anaesthetist during surgery (p = 0.004) among the three groups. Patients in Group GARA had a median time-to-first mobilisation of 23.8 hours after surgery, compared to 24.1 hours in Group GA and 24.3 hours in Group CNB. This difference was not statistically significant after controlling for confounding factors (p = 0.45). Conclusion Our results show that anaesthetic technique does not influence time-to-first mobilisation after hip fracture surgery.
Comparison of renal pelvic pressure and postoperative fever incidence between standard‐ and mini‐tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Wu Cheng , Hua Li‐Xin , Zhang Jian‐Zhong , Zhou Xun‐Rong , Zhong Wei , Ni Hao‐Dong 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis study was proposed to compare the clinical effectiveness of mini‐tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) with standard‐tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SPCNL) and verify whether MPCNL is associated with both higher renal pelvic pressure (RPP) and incidence of postoperative fever. A total of 228 patients with kidney stone were randomly allocated to the MPCNL group (n = 114) and SPCNL group (n = 114). Both intraoperative and postoperative indexes along with the incidence of complications were compared between the two treatment groups. RPP was measured using a baroreceptor which was connected to an open‐ended ureteric catheter during the operation of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The MPCNL group exhibited significantly longer average operation time, more average amount of flush water, and lesser average amount of bleeding during the operation than the SPCNL group (p < 0.05). Moreover, significantly lesser average amount of postoperative serum creatinine, shorter average hospital stay, and more average amount of postoperative hemoglobin were observed in the MPCNL group than in the SPCNL group (p < 0.05). MPCNL were more applicable to clear caliceal stones (p < 0.05), whereas SPCNL were more effective for the removal of simple pelvic stones. The difference in the incidence of postoperative fever between the two treatment groups also appeared to be significant (p < 0.05). Logistic regression provided solid evidence that both RPP and its accumulation time at which RPP ≥ 30 mmHg significantly affected the incidence of postoperative fever. MPCNL was correlated with both higher RPP and increased likelihood of postoperative fever compared with SPCNL.
Effect of age on biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Ozden Cuneyt , Aktas Binhan Kagan , Bulut Suleyman , Erbay Guven , Tagci Suleyman , Gokkaya Cevdet S. , Baykam Mehmet M. , Memis Ali 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between patient's age and biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP). Data from RRP applied to 305 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer were included in the study. Patients were divided into the three age groups, < 60 years, 60–70 years, and > 70 years. The groups were compared regarding adverse pathological findings on RRP specimen, BCR, and biochemical recurrence‐free survival (bRFS) rates. The rates of positive surgical margin, seminal vesicle invasion, lymph node involvement, RRP specimens' Gleason score, and BCR were not significantly different among the three age groups. bRFS rates were not different either. Nonorgan‐confined disease and extracapsular extension (ECE) rates were significantly higher in the group of 60–70 years group than in the other two age groups. Factors associated with BCR in multivariate Cox regression analysis were ECE, seminal vesicle invasion, positive surgical margin, and RRP specimens' Gleason score of ≥ 4 + 3. Patient age and preoperative prostate specific antigen levels were not identified to be associated with BCR. Post‐RRP nonorgan‐confined disease and ECE are more frequently seen in patients of 60–70 years of age group than in other age groups. However, patient age is not an independent prognostic factor associated with bRFS.
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea: A review of the literature
Authors: Wray Christina M. , Thaler Erica R. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo review the indications and clinical evidence supporting hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) therapy for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).MethodsPeer reviewed literature on hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy for obstructive sleep apnea from 2001 to 2016.ResultsThe only currently FDA‐approved HNS device for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe OSA is produced by Inspire Medical Systems, which recently published its 36‐month outcomes data from its Stimulation Therapy for Apnea Reduction (STAR) trial. HNS therapy is currently indicated for moderate‐to‐severe OSA patients who are CPAP‐intolerant, have a body mass index <32, apnea‐hypopnea index <50, and without a concentric pattern of upper airway collapse on sleep endoscopy.ConclusionsData from the STAR trial suggests that a subset of OSA patients can achieve a significant therapeutic response from hypoglossal nerve stimulation. However, these results may be limited in their generalizability to the broader OSA population.
Profiler – A Fast and Versatile New Program for Decomposing Galaxy Light Profiles
Authors: Ciambur Bogdan C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractI introduce Profiler, a user-friendly program designed to analyse the radial surface brightness profiles of galaxies. With an intuitive graphical user interface, Profiler can accurately model galaxies of a broad range of morphological types, with various parametric functions routinely employed in the field (Sérsic, core-Sérsic, exponential, Gaussian, Moffat, and Ferrers). In addition to these, Profiler can employ the broken exponential model for disc truncations or anti–truncations, and two special cases of the edge-on disc model: along the disc's major or minor axis. The convolution of (circular or elliptical) models with the point spread function is performed in 2D, and offers a choice between Gaussian, Moffat or a user-provided profile for the point spread function. Profiler is optimised to work with galaxy light profiles obtained from isophotal measurements, which allow for radial gradients in the geometric parameters of the isophotes, and are thus often better at capturing the total light than 2D image-fitting programs. Additionally, the 1D approach is generally less computationally expensive and more stable. I demonstrate Profiler's features by decomposing three case-study galaxies: the cored elliptical galaxy NGC 3348, the nucleated dwarf Seyfert I galaxy Pox 52, and NGC 2549, a double-barred galaxy with an edge-on, truncated disc.Profiler is freely available at https://github.com/BogdanCiambur/PROFILER.
D-REAMS: A New Compact AMS System for Radiocarbon Measurements at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Authors: Regev Lior , Steier Peter , Shachar Yigal , Mintz Eugenia , Wild Eva Maria , Kutschera Walter , Boaretto Elisabetta 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe Dangoor REsearch Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (D-REAMS) is a dedicated carbon-only AMS system, built by National Electrostatics Corporation (NEC). It is based on the 1.5SDH Pelletron, operating at 460 keV. The machine was installed at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, in January–February 2013, and passed the acceptance test on March 2013. Since then, over 4500 samples have been successfully measured. Here, we present the results of an intercomparison experiment, done in collaboration with the Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator (VERA), and some typical operation parameters and measurement values of the new AMS system.