bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human mesenchymal stem cells lose their functional properties after paclitaxel treatment
Authors: Münz Franziska , Lopez Perez Ramon , Trinh Thuy , Sisombath Sonevisay , Weber Klaus-Josef , Wuchter Patrick , Debus Jürgen , Saffrich Rainer , Huber Peter E. , Nicolay Nils H. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an integral part of the bone marrow niche and aid in the protection, regeneration and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells after exposure to myelotoxic taxane anti-cancer agents, but the influence of taxane compounds on MSCs themselves remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that bone marrow-derived MSCs are highly sensitive even to low concentrations of the prototypical taxane compound paclitaxel. While MSCs remained metabolically viable, they were strongly impaired regarding both their proliferation and their functional capabilities after exposure to paclitaxel. Paclitaxel treatment resulted in reduced cell migration, delays in cellular adhesion and significant dose-dependent inhibition of the stem cells’ characteristic multi-lineage differentiation potential. Cellular morphology and expression of the defining surface markers remained largely unaltered. Paclitaxel only marginally increased apoptosis in MSCs, but strongly induced premature senescence in these stem cells, thereby explaining the preservation of the metabolic activity of functionally inactivated MSCs. The reported sensitivity of MSC function to paclitaxel treatment may help to explain the severe bone marrow toxicities commonly caused by taxane-based anti-cancer treatments.
Screening for Developmental Disorders in 4 to 60 Months Old Children in Iran (2015–2016)
Authors: Ahmadipour Shokoufeh , Mohammadzadeh Morteza , Birjandi Mehdi , Almasian Mohammad , Mohsenzadeh Azam 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDevelopmental delay occurs when children fail to reach their developmental milestones at the appropriate time. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental disorders as well as their correlations with selected demographic factors affecting development in children 4 to 60 months old in Khorramabad, Iran from 2015 to 2016. In this cross-sectional study, 500 children from 4 to 60 months of age and visiting health service centers were selected. Developmental status was measured using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, and supplementary data were collected by separate questionnaires. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software using the independent t-test, chi-square test, and Mann–Whitney U test. Note that 8.6% of the children assessed in this study had developmental disorders. The mean age of the children in the normal group was 21.95 ± 16.42 months and in the developmental delay group was 16 ± 13.46 months. The highest prevalence of developmental delay was in the fine motor area (4.2%) and the lowest was in the personal–social area (1.4%). There were correlations between developmental disorder and the child's age (p = 0.006), birth order (p = 0.02), mother's education (p = 0.007), and father's education (p = 0.002). The parents' age, familial marriage, history of developmental disorders in the family, and the child's gender were not correlated with developmental disorders. Due to the high prevalence of developmental disorders and the importance of early identification and intervention, it is necessary to diagnose developmental disorders at early ages.
Imaging of Tendons of the Knee: Much More than just the Extensor Mechanism
Authors: Chang Connie , Palmer William , Husseini Jad 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe tendons of the knee play a critical role in the motion and stability of the knee. Knee pain, a common clinical complaint, can frequently be attributed to pathology of these structures. While the cornerstones of the radiological evaluation of the knee are radiography and magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound can also play an important diagnostic role and can be useful for guided interventional procedures. Understanding the utility of each modality in the assessment for tendon pathology and a familiarity with the normal and abnormal imaging appearance of these structures are crucial for accurate diagnosis.
Akute Larynxläsionen nach endotrachealer Intubation bei Kindern
Authors: Koscielny Sven 
Published: January 2018

Manica D et al. Association of endotracheal tube repositioning and acute laryngeal lesions during mechanical ventilation in children. Eur
Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 274: 2871–2876
Akute Larynxverletzungen zählen zu den Hauptrisikofaktoren der erworbenen subglottischen Stenose (SGS) bei Kindern nach
intensivmedizinischer Behandlung. Manica und Kolleginnen/ Kollegen haben nun in einer prospektiven klinischen Studie an 231 Kindern
untersucht, welche Faktoren das Risiko akuter Läsionen durch endotracheale Intubation über 24 Stunden beeinflussen können.
A Self-Microemulsifying Formulation of Oxyresveratrol Prevents Amyloid Beta Protein-Induced Neurodegeneration in Mice
Authors: Sangsen Yaowaporn , Sooksawate Thongchai , Likhitwitayawuid Kittisak , Sritularak Boonchoo , Wiwattanapatapee Ruedeekorn 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe polyphenol compound, oxyresveratrol (OXY) possesses potent antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of potential utility in the treatment of Alzheimerʼs disease. However, the low oral bioavailability limits its neuroprotective effect and clinical application. The neuroprotective effect of orally administered OXY-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (OXY-SMEDDS) was compared with free OXY in vivo. Mice were orally administered either free OXY or OXY-SMEDDS once daily at a dose of 90, 180, or 360 mg/kg for 14 d. Mice received a single intracerebroventricular injection of the neurotoxic amyloid β (Aβ)25 – 35 peptide at day 8 during oral treatment. The OXY-SMEDDS formulation resulted in four-times reduction of the free OXY dose required for prevention of neurotoxicity effects due to Aβ
25 – 35 peptide as demonstrated by a significant decline in behavior impairments, lipid oxidation levels, and neuronal cell loss in all hippocampal subfields (p < 0.0001). These results indicate the potential of OXY-SMEDDS by oral delivery to improve the efficacy of this compound in the treatment of Alzheimerʼs disease.
Pairwise comparisons across species are problematic when analyzing functional genomic data
Authors: Dunn Casey W. , Zapata Felipe , Munro Catriona , Siebert Stefan , Hejnol Andreas 
Published: January 2018

Significance
Comparisons of genome function between species are providing important insight into the evolutionary origins of diversity. Here, we show that comparative functional genomics studies can come to the wrong conclusions if they do not take the relationships of species into account and instead rely on pairwise comparisons between species, as is common practice. We reexamined two previously published studies and found problems with pairwise comparisons that draw both their original conclusions into question. One study found support for the ortholog conjecture, and the other concluded that evolution of gene expression differed in pattern and process between animal phyla vs. within animal phyla. Our results show that, to answer evolutionary questions about genome function, it is critical to consider evolutionary relationships.
Impact and cost-effectiveness of snail control to achieve disease control targets for schistosomiasis
Authors: Lo Nathan C. , Gurarie David , Yoon Nara , Coulibaly Jean T. , Bendavid Eran , Andrews Jason R. , King Charles H. 
Published: January 2018

Significance
Schistosomiasis is an infectious disease that affects over 240 million people living in low- and middle-income countries, and is caused by parasitic worms that require snail hosts to complete its lifecycle. To improve public health control of this disease, there is growing interest in using chemical-based snail control that kills snail populations in environmental water sources, which will reduce infection rate in people. We modeled transmission of schistosomiasis and cost-effectiveness of various strategies with data from low- and high-prevalence rural Kenyan communities. Adding snail control alongside conventional mass treatment programs (instead of mass treatment programs alone) was found to be cost-effective, especially in settings with high disease burden and nonparticipation in mass treatment programs.
Study of pyrolysed acid and based treated coconut coir as green photocatalyst substrate
Authors: Asim Nilofar , Emdadi Zeynab , Abdullah N A , Mohammad Masita , Badiei Marzieh , Sopian Kamaruzzaman 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This study investigates the possible contribution to sustainable development by utilizing agriculture waste materials to prepare a substrate for photo-catalysis application. The photocatalytic performance of impregnated TiO2 on acid and base- treated coconut coir (CC) and their pyrolysed form have been studied. The photocatalytic performance of impregnated TiO2 on acid treated CC improved compared to bare TiO2. However, the pyrolysed samples showed higher thermal stability and porosity compared to only treated CC, their catalytic performance was decreased. It seems that impregnated TiO2 undergo interaction with treated CC during pyrolysis. More investigations to reveal exact reason of this behavior is in progress.
Cross-national Differences in Intergenerational Family Relations: The Influence of Public Policy Arrangements
Authors: Dykstra Pearl A 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Focusing mostly on Europe, this overview reveals how the research on cross-national differences in intergenerational family relations has moved from basic descriptions to a focus on understanding how support exchanges are shaped by macro-level processes. A key issue concerns generational interdependence, the extent to which public policy arrangements impose reliance on older and younger family members or enable individual autonomy. Real theoretical progress is visible in three areas of research. The first pertains to analyses at the micro level of how family members actually respond to the incentives that different macro contexts provide. The generosity or restrictedness of public provisions variably releases or necessitates normative obligations in interdependent family relationships. The second area of progress involves analyses of the implications of specific policies rather than policy packages for gender and socioeconomic inequality. The third area of progress is a more nuanced view on the familialism–individualism divide. These three areas provide inspiring examples for future investigations.
A Follow-up Study of Postoperative DCM Patients Using Diffusion MRI with DTI and NODDI
Authors: Ma Xiaodong , Han Xiao , Jiang Wen , Wang Jinchao , Zhang Zhe , Li Guangqi , Zhang Jieying , Cheng Xiaoguang , Chen Huijun , Guo Hua , Tian Wei 
Published: January 2018

Study Design.
A retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between spinal cord microstructures and spinal cord dysfunction in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) patients; a follow-up study was carried out using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), an advanced diffusion model.

Summary of Background Data.
DTI has been used for diagnosis of DCM. Although DTI has advantages of high sensitivity and quantitative features, it is limited by its low specificity for measuring microstructures.

Methods.
Fifty-eight postoperative DCM patients with 12 to 14 months of surgical recovery were recruited, as well as 14 healthy volunteers for control group. All DTI and NODDI metrics were measured at the most stenotic levels of patients and at all levels of control group. A t test was used to compare the metrics between patient and control groups, and Spearman correlation was used to test the relationship between the metrics and clinical assessment, modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scores.

Results.

t test showed that DTI metrics, neurite density Vic, and free water fraction Viso had significant differences between control group and the most stenotic levels in patients. For DTI metrics, fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD) in patients were significantly correlated with mJOA. For NODDI metrics, only Vic is positively correlated with mJOA.

Conclusion.
The results of t test and correlation with mJOA suggest that DTI and NODDI are valuable for evaluating spinal cord function. Results of NODDI indicate that the reason for FA reduction in DCM may be decreased neurite density, not increased orientation dispersion.

Level of Evidence: 3
Effects of 20% Human Serum on Corneal Epithelial Toxicity Induced by Benzalkonium Chloride: In Vitro and Clinical Studies
Authors: Moon Jayoon , Ko Jung Hwa , Yoon Chang Ho , Kim Mee Kum , Oh Joo Youn 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
Benzalkonium chloride (BAK), the most commonly used preservative in ophthalmic solutions, is known to cause toxicity in the corneal epithelium. In this study, we investigated the effects of 20% human serum in cultures of BAK-damaged human corneal epithelial cells (hCECs) and in patients with toxic corneal epitheliopathy induced by BAK-containing eye drops.

Methods:
hCECs were exposed to various concentrations of BAK (0%, 0.002%, 0.02%, and 0.2%) in the presence or absence of 20% human serum. After 24 hours, the metabolic activity, proliferation, apoptosis, and proinflammatory cytokine expression were evaluated in the cells. Also, cell migration was assessed using a scratch test. In the clinical study, 24 patients with toxic corneal epitheliopathy secondary to BAK-containing antiglaucoma eye drops were treated with topical application of 20% autologous serum, and corneal epithelial integrity was evaluated.

Results:
BAK induced cytotoxicity in hCECs by inhibiting the metabolic activity, proliferation, and migration and by increasing apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. The level of proinflammatory cytokine IL-8 was elevated in BAK-treated cells. Addition of 20% human serum to the cultures significantly promoted the cell metabolic activity, proliferation, and migration while markedly reducing apoptosis. In line with the in vitro results, corneal punctate epithelial erosions were decreased from a National Eye Institute scale score of 4.2 ± 2.1 to 1.3 ± 1.7 in 20 of 24 patients (84%) after treatment with 20% autologous serum.

Conclusions:
Data demonstrate that 20% human serum is effective in treating BAK-induced cytotoxicity in hCECs and provides a basis for using 20% autologous serum for patients with preservative-induced corneal epitheliopathy.
Scheimpflug Densitometry After DMEK Versus DSAEK—Two-Year Outcomes
Authors: Droutsas Konstantinos , Lazaridis Apostolos , Giallouros Eleftherios , Kymionis Georgios , Chatzistefanou Klio , Sekundo Walter 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
To compare the course of Scheimpflug corneal densitometry (CD) after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) versus Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK).

Methods:
Fifty-four DMEK and 25 DSAEK cases without previous corneal surgery, complicated intraoperative or postoperative course, or vision-limiting ocular comorbidities were included. Pseudophakic eyes of age-matched subjects were recruited as controls (n = 20). Scheimpflug CD of the optically relevant zones (0–2 and 2–6 mm), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell density, and central corneal thickness were evaluated preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively.

Results:
CD of the optical zone decreased from 34.4 ± 9.4 grayscale units (GSU) before to 19.2 ± 2.7 GSU at 24 months after DMEK. Respectively, CD decreased from 34.0 ± 13.4 GSU before to 21.2 ± 2.5 GSU at 24 months after DSAEK. Mean central CD in group 3 was 18.1 ± 1.3 GSU. Compared with DSAEK, DMEK cases showed lower central CD at 3 and 6 months (P ≤ 0.012) but not at 12 and 24 months postoperatively. DSAEK showed higher CD values throughout the postoperative period compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). DMEK showed higher CD compared with controls at 3, 6, and 12 but not at 24 months after surgery (P = 0.152). Postoperative BCVA was significantly better after DMEK for every examination time point. No difference in endothelial cell density was found between DMEK and DSAEK at any time point.

Conclusions:
DMEK showed lower CD and better BCVA compared with DSAEK in the first 6 postoperative months. Notably, although CD reached similar levels in the midterm after both DMEK and DSAEK, BCVA remained significantly better after DMEK.
Accelerated Corneal Cross-Linking With Photoactivated Chromophore for Moderate Therapy-Resistant Infectious Keratitis
Authors: Knyazer Boris , Krakauer Yonit , Baumfeld Yael , Lifshitz Tova , Kling Sabine , Hafezi Farhad 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of accelerated corneal cross-linking with photoactivated chromophore (PACK-CXL) as additional treatment for therapy-resistant infectious keratitis.

Methods:
In this interventional cohort study, 20 patients (11 men and 9 women), aged 65.5 (interquartile range = 21.5–78.5) years, who were hospitalized for moderate-sized therapy-resistant bacterial corneal ulcers (11/20 microbiologically confirmed) were treated with hypoosmolar 0.1% riboflavin solution and Ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation for 3 minutes at 30 mW/cm2 (5.4 J/cm2) as additional therapy to standard antimicrobial treatment.

Results:
We did not observe any adverse effects of accelerated PACK-CXL on the corneal stroma or limbus. The median ulcer size was 3.00 (2.63–4.50) mm, the median time to reepithelialization was 6.50 (5.00–18.0) days, and the mean hospitalization period was 8.5 ± 4.5 days. Tectonic keratoplasty became necessary in 1 patient (5%).

Conclusions:
Our results suggest that accelerated PACK-CXL may provide an antimicrobial effect similar to the 1 low-intensity, slow setting (30 minutes at 3 mW/cm2) and may be used as additional treatment in moderate-sized therapy-resistant infectious keratitis.
Proactive Risk Mitigation: Using Failure Modes and Effects Analysis for Evaluating Vascular Access
Authors: Polancich Shea , Rue Loring , Poe Terri , Miltner Rebecca 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
This department column highlights translation of research into healthcare quality practice. Achieving the highest quality in healthcare requires organizations to understand care delivery and to proactively mitigate risks in care delivery processes. The purpose of this article was to describe the process for using the failure modes and effects analysis process to provide evidentiary support and proactive risk mitigation for the establishment of a comprehensive vascular access team within an academic medical center.
Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevalence among Homeless Adults in the United States: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Williams Samantha P. , Bryant Kenneth L. 
Published: January 2018

Background
Homelessness significantly affects health and well-being. Homeless adults often experience co-occurring and debilitating physical, psychological, and social conditions. These determinants are associated with disproportionate rates of infectious disease among homeless adults, including tuberculosis, HIV, and hepatitis. Less is known about sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence among homeless adults.

Methods
We systematically searched 3 databases and reviewed the 2000–2016 literature on STI prevalence among homeless adults in the United States. We found 59 articles of US studies on STIs that included homeless adults. Of the 59 articles, 8 met the inclusion criteria of US-based, English-language, peer-reviewed articles, published in 2000 to 2016, with homeless adults in the sample. Descriptive and qualitative analyses were used to report STI prevalence rates and associated risk factors.

Results
Overall, STI prevalence ranged from 2.1% to 52.5%. A composite STI prevalence was most often reported (n = 7), with rates ranging from 7.3% to 39.9%. Reported prevalence of chlamydia/gonorrhea (7.8%) was highest among younger homeless adult women. Highest reported prevalence was hepatitis C (52.5%) among older homeless men. Intimate partner violence, injection and noninjection substance use, incarceration history, and homelessness severity are associated with higher STI prevalence.

Conclusions
Homeless adults are a vulnerable population. Factors found to be associated with sexual risk were concurrently associated with housing instability and homelessness severity. Addressing STI prevention needs of homeless adults can be enhanced by integrating sexual health, and other health services where homeless adults seek or receive housing and other support services.
A Network Analysis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Online Hookup Sites Among Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Chan Philip A. , Crowley Christina , Rose Jennifer S. , Kershaw Trace , Tributino Alec , Montgomery Madeline C. , Almonte Alexi , Raifman Julia , Patel Rupa , Nunn Amy 
Published: January 2018

Background
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are increasing among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Little is known about the use of websites and mobile phone applications to meet sexual partners (“hookup sites”) and association with STD diagnoses.

Methods
We performed a demographic and behavioral assessment of 415 MSM presenting to the Rhode Island STD clinic. Bivariate and multivariable analyses assessed associations between using hookup sites and testing positive for syphilis, gonorrhea, or chlamydia. Venue-based affiliation networks were created to evaluate hookup sites and their association with STD diagnoses.

Results
Among 415 MSM, 78% reported meeting a partner online in the last 12 months, and 25% tested positive for at least one STD. Men who met partners online were more likely to be white (67% vs. 54%, P = 0.03) and have more than 10 lifetime partners (87% vs. 58%, P < 0.05). The most commonly used hookup sites included Grindr (78%), Scruff (35%), and Tinder (22%). In the multivariable analysis, only Scruff use was associated with testing positive for an STD (odds ratio, 2.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–4.94). However, among men who met partners online, 75% of men diagnosed as having an STD had met a sexual partner on Grindr, including 100% of those who were diagnosed as having gonorrhea.

Conclusions
Use of hookup sites was nearly ubiquitous among MSM undergoing STD screening. Specific hookup sites were significantly associated with STD diagnoses among MSM. Greater efforts are needed to promote STD screening and prevention among MSM who meet partners online.