bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Conservation Agriculture Implementation in Syrdarya Province of Uzbekistan
Authors: Daujanov Azizbek , Groeneveld Rolf , Pulatov Alim , Heijman Wim J.M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Most irrigated lands of Central Asia suffer from land degradation, and unsustainable agricultural practices are one of the factors contributing to land degradation. Conservation agriculture (CA) is seen as a way to mitigate land degradation and rationalize resource use. The aim of this article is to investigate the efficiency of CA implementation in the Syrdarya province of Uzbekistan, Central Asia by carrying out a cost-benefit analysis (CBA). The CBA was conducted for a hypothetical situation where the farm decides to switch from conventional agriculture to CA. Unlike the previous studies, this study investigates complete crop rotation cycle in the long-term period. The study outcomes suggest that investment in CA implementation results in positive incremental benefit if the advantages of CA are monetized.
Sustainable Wine and Grape Production, the Example of Hungary
Authors: Pallás Edit Ilona 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Before analysing the economic situation of winegrape production, it is practical to mention some issues concerning the industry. Grape production in Hungary suffered a severe crisis in the 1990’s regarding both production and sales. Its consequence is the decreasing area of grape production and the reducing number of grape producers. Lately, after our EU accession the grape and wine verticum has significantly improved. The situation is still grave today as the producers have to face the more and more intense competition in the market and cheap import products both on the national and international markets. Grape production is in a more disadvantaged situation than wine making and the risks are higher. We have to know the cost-profit situation of the well-discernible verticum parts to make recommendations. Despite the changes, the great fluctuation in income is typical for the industry. Grape is one of the plants where price often did not cover costs in the consecutive years. Costs of production cannot be assessed on their own. They can be judged in relation with the yield changes in real.
Interpreting Typical Profile of Transition Leaders – Case Croatia
Authors: Samardžija Jasminka 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The main goal of this empirical research was to define those crucial leadership characteristics and behaviours of experienced individuals that confirmed them as leaders in the Croatian transition economy, based on success of their entrepreneurial or social affirmations. The basic research question was: What is the empirical base for classifying leaders into homogeneous groups? Results of the general characteristics cluster analysis singled out three clusters Moderates, Internalists and Globalists. Inductive approach and supporting intermediate cluster analysis based on subjective dimension “career development expectations” aligned leaders from the sample in two homogenous groups: Leaders who seek self-actualisation and Leaders who seek for self-affirmation. Three clusters, Classical capitalists - materialists, Liberal capitalists - idealists and Capitalists non materialists were derived based on the confirmation of the personal success.
When Employers Betray: A Study of Psychological Contract Breach Among Croatian Employees
Authors: Galić Zvonimir , Grabovac Maša Tonković , Gotvald Irena , Jerneić Željko 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this paper we report the results of a study exploring psychological contract breach (PCB) in a heterogeneous sample of Croatian employees (N=363). In addition to reporting PCB, the participants informed us about their basic demographic characteristics, job attitudes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment) and reported three aspects of their job performance (in-role performance, organizational citizenship behavior, counterproductive work behavior). Our analyses showed that PCB experience depended on participants’ characteristics, and, more importantly, was negatively related to job attitudes and job performance. Thus, the detrimental effect of PCB reported in the organizational behavior literature was replicated among Croatian employees.
Cortico–Cortical Connections of Primary Sensory Areas and Associated Symptoms in Migraine
Authors: Hodkinson Duncan J. , Veggeberg Rosanna , Kucyi Aaron , van Dijk Koene R. A. , Wilcox Sophie L. , Scrivani Steven J. , Burstein Rami , Becerra Lino , Borsook David 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMigraine is a recurring, episodic neurological disorder characterized by headache, nausea, vomiting, and sensory disturbances. These events are thought to arise from the activation and sensitization of neurons along the trigemino–vascular pathway. From animal studies, it is known that thalamocortical projections play an important role in the transmission of nociceptive signals from the meninges to the cortex. However, little is currently known about the potential involvement of cortico–cortical feedback projections from higher-order multisensory areas and/or feedforward projections from principle primary sensory areas or subcortical structures. In a large cohort of human migraine patients (N= 40) and matched healthy control subjects (N= 40), we used resting-state intrinsic functional connectivity to examine the cortical networks associated with the three main sensory perceptual modalities of vision, audition, and somatosensation. Specifically, we sought to explore the complexity of the sensory networks as they converge and become functionally coupled in multimodal systems. We also compared self-reported retrospective migraine symptoms in the same patients, examining the prevalence of sensory symptoms across the different phases of the migraine cycle. Our results show widespread and persistent disturbances in the perceptions of multiple sensory modalities. Consistent with this observation, we discovered that primary sensory areas maintain local functional connectivity but express impaired long-range connections to higher-order association areas (including regions of the default mode and salience network). We speculate that cortico–cortical interactions are necessary for the integration of information within and across the sensory modalities and, thus, could play an important role in the initiation of migraine and/or the development of its associated symptoms.
The complete structure of the chloroplast 70S ribosome in complex with translation factor pY
Authors: Bieri Philipp , Leibundgut Marc , Saurer Martin , Boehringer Daniel , Ban Nenad 
Published: December 2016

AbstractChloroplasts are cellular organelles of plants and algae that are responsible for energy conversion and carbon fixation by the photosynthetic reaction. As a consequence of their endosymbiotic origin, they still contain their own genome and the machinery for protein biosynthesis. Here, we present the atomic structure of the chloroplast 70S ribosome prepared from spinach leaves and resolved by cryo‐EM at 3.4 Å resolution. The complete structure reveals the features of the 4.5S rRNA, which probably evolved by the fragmentation of the 23S rRNA, and all five plastid‐specific ribosomal proteins. These proteins, required for proper assembly and function of the chloroplast translation machinery, bind and stabilize rRNA including regions that only exist in the chloroplast ribosome. Furthermore, the structure reveals plastid‐specific extensions of ribosomal proteins that extensively remodel the mRNA entry and exit site on the small subunit as well as the polypeptide tunnel exit and the putative binding site of the signal recognition particle on the large subunit. The translation factor pY, involved in light‐ and temperature‐dependent control of protein synthesis, is bound to the mRNA channel of the small subunit and interacts with 16S rRNA nucleotides at the A‐site and P‐site, where it protects the decoding centre and inhibits translation by preventing tRNA binding. The small subunit is locked by pY in a non‐rotated state, in which the intersubunit bridges to the large subunit are stabilized.
Measurement of immunofunctional leptin to detect and monitor patients with functional leptin deficiency
Authors: Wabitsch Martin , Pridzun Lutz , Ranke Michael , von Schnurbein Julia , Moss Anja , Brandt Stephanie , Kohlsdorf Katja , Moepps Barbara , Schaab Michael , Funcke Jan-Bernd , Gierschik Peter , Fischer-Posovszky Pamela , Flehmig Bertram , Kratzsch Jürgen 
Published: December 2016

Context and aims
Functional leptin deficiency is characterized by high levels of circulating immunoreactive leptin (irLep), but a reduced bioactivity of the hormone due to defective receptor binding. As a result of the fact that affected patients can be successfully treated with metreleptin, it was aimed to develop and validate a diagnostic tool to detect functional leptin deficiency.

Methods
An immunoassay capable of recognizing the functionally relevant receptor-binding complex with leptin was developed (bioLep). The analytical quality of bioLep was validated and compared to a conventional assay for immune-reactive leptin (irLep). Its clinical relevance was evaluated in a cohort of lean and obese children and adults as well as in children diagnosed with functional leptin deficiency and their parents.

Results
In the clinical cohort, a bioLep/irLep ratio of 1.07 (range: 0.80–1.41) was observed. Serum of patients with non-functional leptin due to homozygous amino acid exchanges (D100Y or N103K) revealed high irLep but non-detectable bioLep levels. Upon treatment of these patients with metreleptin, irLep levels decreased, whereas levels of bioLep increased continuously. In patient relatives with heterozygous amino acid exchanges, a bioLep/irLep ratio of 0.52 (range: 0.48–0.55) being distinct from normal was observed.

Conclusions
The new bioLep assay is able to diagnose impaired leptin bioactivity in severely obese patients with a homozygous gene defect and in heterozygous carriers of such mutations. The assay serves as a diagnostic tool to monitor leptin bioactivity during treatment of these patients.
Inferring Ancestral Recombination Graphs from Bacterial Genomic Data
Authors: Vaughan Timothy G , Welch David , Drummond Alexei J , Biggs Patrick J , George Tessy , French Nigel P 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Homologous recombination is a central feature of bacterial evolution, yet it confounds traditional phylogenetic methods. While a number of methods specific to bacterial evolution have been developed, none of these permit joint inference of a bacterial recombination graph and associated parameters. In this article, we present a new method which addresses this shortcoming. Our method uses a novel Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to perform phylogenetic inference under the ClonalOrigin model. We demonstrate the utility of our method by applying it to ribosomal multilocus sequence typing data sequenced from pathogenic and nonpathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O157 and O26 isolates collected in rural New Zealand. The method is implemented as an open source BEAST 2 package, Bacter, which is available via the project web page at http://tgvaughan.github.io/bacter.
Different Evolutionary Strategies To Conserve Chromatin Boundary Function in the Bithorax Complex
Authors: Cleard Fabienne , Wolle Daniel , Taverner Andrew M , Aoki Tsutomu , Deshpande Girish , Andolfatto Peter , Karch Francois , Schedl Paul 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Chromatin boundary elements subdivide chromosomes in multicellular organisms into physically independent domains. In addition to this architectural function, these elements also play a critical role in gene regulation. Here we investigated the evolution of a Drosophila Bithorax complex boundary element called Fab-7, which is required for the proper parasegment specific expression of the homeotic Abd-B gene. Using a “gene” replacement strategy, we show that Fab-7 boundaries from two closely related species, D. erecta and D. yakuba, and a more distant species, D. pseudoobscura, are able to substitute for the melanogaster boundary. Consistent with this functional conservation, the two known Fab-7 boundary factors, Elba and LBC, have recognition sequences in the boundaries from all species. However, the strategies used for maintaining binding and function in the face of sequence divergence is different. The first is conventional, and depends upon conservation of the 8 bp Elba recognition sequence. The second is unconventional, and takes advantage of the unusually large and flexible sequence recognition properties of the LBC boundary factor, and the deployment of multiple LBC recognition elements in each boundary. In the former case, binding is lost when the recognition sequence is altered. In the latter case, sequence divergence is accompanied by changes in the number, relative affinity, and location of the LBC recognition elements.
De Arqueología Mozárabe. II. De sus iglesias y documentos epigráficos
Authors: Azuar Rafael 
Published: December 2016

Continuando el artículo anterior, efectuamos una revisión de la arquitectura, del arte y de los documentos epigráficos de los mozárabes, desde un análisis crítico de la cultura material de los cristianos en al-Andalus bajo el califato de Córdoba (siglo X)
Epigrafía funeraria nazarí: el epitafio de al-Yanaštī (835/1436)
Authors: Barceló Carmen 
Published: December 2016

Este artículo analiza la epigrafía funeraria nazarí y establece la estructura de los epitafios andalusíes conservados datables entre los siglos XIII y XV. Se estudia también una pieza arqueológica cuyo exacto origen se desconoce, aunque se puede deducir que apareció en la región de Granada. La piedra se usó en el siglo XV para grabar el epitafio de un hombre musulmán cuyo texto se conserva completo en siete líneas de escritura árabe cursiva en relieve. Formó parte de la colección del Duque de Santa Lucía y hoy integra el lapidario árabe del Museo Arqueológico Nacional (Nº. Inv. 1962/34/15).
Los estudios arqueológicos sobre al-Andalus en el noreste de la provincia de Guadalajara. Historiografía del siglo XVI al siglo XXI
Authors: García-Contreras Ruiz Guillermo 
Published: December 2016

Se realiza una revisión crítica de la historiografía sobre los estudios arqueológicos dedicados al periodo de al-Andalus en el noreste de la actual provincia de Guadalajara. El trabajo se ha dividido en cinco periodos: del siglo XVI al siglo XVIII, del siglo XIX a la Guerra Civil, De los años treinta a la Transición, los últimos treinta años del siglo XX y finalmente un epílogo sobre los últimos quince años. Se examinan los principales temas que han sido discutidos, cómo unas obras han influido en las posteriores, el porqué de ciertos silencios y ausencias y, en general, la visión que se ha tenido sobre los restos arqueológicos de época andalusí en los últimos cinco siglos. Finalmente se plantea cuál es el estado actual de la arqueología sobre al-Andalus en este sector de la Península Ibérica.
Los nuevos retos en la gestión del Patrimonio Arqueológico. El uso inteligente de las Tics y la difusión accesible del Patrimonio / The new challenges in the management of the Archaeological Heritage
Authors: Garrochena Rivas Esther 
Published: December 2016

Nos encontramos con nuevos retos en la labor de difusión de nuestro patrimonio que demanda soluciones y respuestas acordes con las circunstancias que nos toca vivir, con la realidad cada vez más digital y compleja que nos rodea.El Patrimonio Cultural, y de manera particular el arqueológico, presenta una serie de dificultades a la hora de “descodificarlo”. No sólo existen barreras físicas (las más visibles en muchos casos), también se encuentran las barreras de comprensión. La dificultad que entraña dotar de accesibilidad universal al patrimonio arqueológico viene dada por la misma naturaleza de éste: suele estar localizado en entornos aislados, mal comunicados, presentando estructuras parciales, incompletas,deterioradas, de difícil comprensión sin una interpretación del patrimonio adecuada basada en un estudio riguroso y científico previo.Cuando hablamos, por lo tanto, de gestión cultural hay que abordar la forma o manera de presentar esos espacios patrimoniales para hacer de ellos bienes comprensibles.Para ello, el empleo y uso inteligente de las Tics es fundamental facilitando una interpretación accesible del patrimonio.De ahí el título de este artículo: “Los nuevos retos en la gestión del patrimonio arqueológico. El uso inteligente de las tics y la difusión accesible del patrimonio”.The new challenges in the management of the Archaeological HeritageWe meet new challenges, despite the redundancy, in the work of dissemination of our heritage that demand solutions and answers according to circumstances in which we live, with the increasingly complex digital and reality around us. Cultural, and particularly the archaeological heritage, presents a number of difficulties when “decode”. Not only are (the most visible in many cases) physical barriers, are also barriers to understanding. The difficulty of providing universal access to the archaeological heritage is given by the very nature of it: usually located in isolated environments, poorly communicated, presenting partial, incomplete, damaged, structures difficult to understand without an interpretation of appropriate assets based on a rigorous and scientific study prior. When we speak, therefore, cultural management must address how or way of presenting these heritage spaces to make them understandable goods. To do this, use and intelligent use of ICT is essential to providing an accessible heritage interpretation. Hence the title of this article: “The new challenges in the management of archaeological heritage. The intelligent use of tics and accessible dissemination of heritage “.
Epidemiology of nasal polyps in hilly areas and its risk factors
Authors: Nanda Manpreet Singh , Bhatia Shenny , Gupta Vipan 
Published: December 2016

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal polyps are common nasal disorders with unknown etiology and high recurrence and high prevalence of 1-4% which affect the quality of patient life. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of nasal polyps in our hilly region and find out its etiological or risk factors for better prevention and cure of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> 60 patients with nasal polyps were included in this study and were assessed for age and sex distribution, types of polyps, main clinical symptoms and their duration, their major etiological or risk factors through detailed history taking, physical and nasal examination, anterior and posterior rhinoscopy, diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computerized tomography scan. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Nasal polyps are more common in males and in middle age group. Most of the common types are bilateral and ethmoidal polyps. Most of the patients were symptomatic with nasal obstruction and nasal discharge as main symptoms. There was strong correlation between nasal polyps and recurrent nasal infection, allergy and asthma. In this region we found familial inheritance of this disease and high rate of polyp recurrence after medical or surgical therapy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Nasal polyps are common in hilly region with high rate of recurrence with nasal infection, allergy and asthma being the important etiological factors.</p>
CONHECIMENTO SOBRE OS EFEITOS DOS CONTRACEPTIVOS HORMONAIS POR ACADÊMICAS DA SAÚDE
Authors: Borges Miriam Cristina , Sabino Ana Maria Neves Finochio , Tavares Beatriz Barco 
Published: December 2016

<p>Objetivos: identificar o conhecimento de acadêmicas da saúde sobre os efeitos colaterais relacionados à sexualidade causados por métodos contraceptivos orais. Método: Estudo quantitativo, prospectivo com 262 acadêmicas de Cursos de Graduação em Enfermagem e Medicina. Para análise foram aplicados testes de Correlação de Spearman, Qui-Quadrado de Fisher e frequência. Resultados: As acadêmicas conhecem que a contracepção hormonal oral pode manifestar efeito sobre a sexualidade. A pílula é utilizada por 75,5% das acadêmicas e manifestaram-se efeitos colaterais em 66,8%. A diminuição da libido destacou-se em 15,8% e mostrou relação com a faixa etária, número de parceiros sexuais no último ano e meio de indicação da pílula. Frente aos efeitos colaterais, 57,2% não tomaram nenhuma atitude. Conclusões: A maior parte das acadêmicas que utilizava métodos contraceptivos souberam identificar os efeitos colaterais relacionados a este método, sendo os mais citados, alteração do fluxo menstrual, sensibilidade mamária, cefaleia e sangramentos fora do período menstrual.</p><p><strong>Descritores:</strong> Sexualidade; Libido; Anticoncepcionais orais. </p>
VARIAÇÃO SAZONAL DA BIOQUÍMICA SANGUÍNEA EM IGUANAS: ASPECTOS FISIOPATOLÓGICOS E ANÁLISE DE 4 CASOS
Authors: SILVEIRA Máyra Dias , ALVES José Edgard De Oliveira , BRAGA Mônica Dos Santos , ABREU Ana Paula Martinez de 
Published: December 2016

<p>Assim como os demais répteis, as iguanas são animais ectotérmicos e o clima e outros fatores ambientais podem exercer forte influência sobre a fisiologia e os parâmetros hematológicos desta espécie e com a crescente introdução destes animais como <em>pets</em> exóticos torna-se grande a necessidade de maiores informações sobre as alterações fisiológicas e patológicas na clínica de répteis. O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar as variações sazonais de parâmetros bioquímicos de iguanas-verdes (<em>Iguana iguana</em>) criadas em cativeiro na cidade de Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro. Foram utilizadas 4 iguanas-verdes adultas, das quais foram colhidas amostras de sangue em janeiro e julho de 2014 e analisadas as concentrações de colesterol, triglicerídeos, glicose, ácido úrico, ureia, cálcio e fósforo. Também foram monitorados os índices meteorológicos de umidade, precipitação e temperatura em ambos os meses. Nossos resultados apontaram aumento na concentração sanguínea de ureia em julho em relação a janeiro (6,3±0,70 mg/dL e 3,8±1,03, respectivamente) e aumento na relação Ca:P de 1,08±0,15 em janeiro para 2,45±0,40 na segunda avaliação. Os demais parâmetros não apresentaram alterações significantes nas comparações entre os meses estudados. Conclui-se que a temperatura, estação do ano, dieta, sexo e as condições de manejo às quais estes animais são submetidos têm importante impacto nos resultados de exames laboratoriais. Espera-se que o conjunto de resultados observados neste trabalho possa servir como referência para outros trabalhos com o mesmo caráter de observação. </p>