bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Visceral and Liver Fat and Cardiac Structure and Function: A UK Biobank Study
Authors: Lv Zhi , Fu Yangzhi , Ma Yao , Liu Chang , Yuan Miao , Gao Dengfeng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Different fat depots have different associations connected to cardiovascular health.

Objective
We assessed the associations of abdominal magnetic resonance–quantified visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and liver fat (proton density fat fraction, PDFF) with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-measured cardiac structure and function, and we considered potential mechanisms.

Methods
Our study encompassed 10 920 participants from the UK Biobank. We utilized multiple linear regression and multiple mediation analyses to estimate the connections between VAT or PDFF and CMR metrics.

Results
Elevated VAT or PDFF exhibited associations with adverse left ventricular (LV) structure (increased wall thickness, concentric LV remodeling), impaired LV function (lower LV global functional index, absolute value of LV global longitudinal strain), and diminished left atrial volumes and stroke volume (all P values were significant). Upon stratifying participants based on VAT and PDFF combinations, all groups, except the low VAT-low PDFF group, were linked to unfavorable cardiac remodeling metrics. The high VAT-high PDFF group displayed the most pronounced cardiac alterations. Multiple mediation analyses were employed to investigate potential mediating roles of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diabetes, dyslipidemia, and blood biomarkers (lipidemia, transaminases) in the adipose-CMR relationship. The findings suggested that VAT or PDFF was related to SBP, diabetes, dyslipidemia, lipid profile, liver function, and glucose. Several potential mediating pathways were identified, primarily through SBP and triglyceride-glucose index, which only partially explained the adipose-CMR relationship.

Conclusion
We established the independent associations of VAT and PDFF with unhealthy cardiac structure and function. Furthermore, it identifies SBP and insulin resistance as important mediating factors.
The Subcutaneous Adipose Microenvironment as a Determinant of Body Fat Development in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Dumesic Daniel A , Rasouli Melody A , Katz Jessica D , Lu Gwyneth G , Dharanipragada Devyani , Turcu Adina F , Grogan Tristan R , Flores Kimberly E , Magyar Clara E , Abbott David H , Chazenbalk Gregorio D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Adipose steroid metabolism modifies body fat development in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective
To determine whether subcutaneous (SC) abdominal adipose aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3; a marker of testosterone generation) is increased in normal-weight women with PCOS vs age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched normoandrogenic ovulatory women (controls) and is related to SC abdominal adipose activator protein-1 (AP-1; a marker of adipocyte differentiation) and/or androgen receptor (AR) protein expression in predicting fat accretion.

Design
Prospective cohort study.

Setting
Academic center.

Patients
Eighteen normal-weight PCOS women; 17 age- and BMI-matched controls.

Intervention(s)
Circulating hormone/metabolic determinations, intravenous glucose tolerance testing, total body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, SC abdominal fat biopsy, immunohistochemistry.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Clinical characteristics, hormonal concentrations, body fat distribution, SC adipose AKR1C3, AR, and AP-1 protein expression.

Results
Women with PCOS had significantly higher serum androgen levels and greater android/gynoid fat mass ratios than controls. SC adipose AKR1C3, AR, and AP-1 protein expressions were comparable between the study groups, but groups differed in correlations. In PCOS women vs controls, SC adipose AKR1C3 protein expression correlated positively with android and gynoid fat masses and negatively with SC adipose AP-1 protein expression. SC adipose AR protein expression correlated negatively with fasting serum free fatty acid and high-density lipoprotein levels. In both study groups, SC adipose AKR1C3 protein expression negatively correlated with serum cortisol levels.

Conclusion
In normal-weight PCOS women, SC abdominal adipose AKR1C3 protein expression, in combination with intra-adipose AP-1 and AR-dependent events, predicts fat accretion in the presence of physiological cortisol levels.
Walking Economy and Preferred Speed in Old and Very Old Men
Authors: LUNEAU ERIC , ROZAND VIANNEY , RIMAUD DIANA , FOSCHIA CLÉMENT , MILLET GUILLAUME Y. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
With aging, the decline in preferred walking speed (PWS), influenced by the increased energy cost of walking (CoW), is a key predictor of morbidity. However, the determinants associated with PWS and CoW remain poorly understood, especially after 80 yr old. The aim of the study was to characterize the amplitude and mechanisms of age-related decline in CoW and PWS in old (OM) and very old (VOM) men.

Methods
Thirty-nine young men (YM; 22.1 ± 3.4 yr), 34 OM (71.7 ± 4.1 yr), and 23 VOM (85.8 ± 2.7 yr) performed aerobic, neuromuscular, and gait assessments. Net CoW was measured on a treadmill. Physical activity (PA) was evaluated by questionnaire and accelerometry.

Results
Net CoW was 32% (P < 0.001), 19% (P < 0.01), and 26% (P < 0.001) higher in VOM compared with OM for 1.11 m·s−1, 1.67 m·s−1, and PWS. Net CoW was also 27% (P < 0.001), 26% (P < 0.01), and 29% (P < 0.001) higher in OM compared with YM at these speeds. Linear regression stratified by age showed that net CoW at PWS was associated with step frequency (r = 0.79; P < 0.001) for OM and with both coefficient of variation of stride mean time (r = 0.48; P < 0.05) and maximal strength of knee extensors (r = −0.54; P < 0.05) for VOM. The same analysis revealed that PWS was correlated with net CoW (r = −0.56; P < 0.05) and PA (r = 0.47; P < 0.05) in VOM.

Conclusions
The progressive increase in net CoW with age was associated with gait and neuromuscular impairments, particularly after the age of 80 yr. This increase in net CoW was related to a decrease in PWS in VOM, suggesting an adaptation of PWS to compensate for the increase in energy demand. Maintaining a high level of PA may potentially delay the age-related decline in PWS despite an age-related increase in net CoW.
Pairwise Stability in Weighted Network Formation Games: Selection and Computation
Authors: Chen Caihua , Tao Junhao , Zhan Yang 
Published: September 2024

This paper is concerned with the selection and computation of pairwise stable networks when agents have differentiable and concave utility functions. We show that a pairwise stable network can be obtained by finding a Nash equilibrium of a noncooperative game played by the nodes and links in the network. Based on this observation, we introduce a logarithmic tracing procedure and a path-following algorithm for network formation games. We apply the algorithm to several models in the literature and make comparisons with two existing algorithms: a path-following algorithm based on the linear tracing procedure (LinTP) and a decompose and exhaustive search method (DaE). Numerical results indicate that the proposed method is more than four times as efficient as LinTP. Although DaE demonstrates exceptional efficiency for small-scale problems, our method outperforms it significantly for large-scale problems, where DaE may fail to find a solution. We also show that the decomposition technique of DaE can be used to further accelerate our algorithm for a special class of problems. History: Accepted by Antonio Frangioni, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms–Continuous. Funding: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 12201289, 12122107, and 72394363/72394360], the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [Grant BK20220754], the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [Grant 2021A1515110207], the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST [Grant 2023QNRC001], and the Open Research Fund from the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Computing [Grant B10120210117-OF05]. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2024.0546 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2024.0546 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Nonconvex Factorization and Manifold Formulations Are Almost Equivalent in Low-Rank Matrix Optimization
Authors: Luo Yuetian , Li Xudong , Zhang Anru R. 
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we consider the geometric landscape connection of the widely studied manifold and factorization formulations in low-rank positive semidefinite (PSD) and general matrix optimization. We establish a sandwich relation on the spectrum of Riemannian and Euclidean Hessians at first-order stationary points (FOSPs). As a result of that, we obtain an equivalence on the set of FOSPs, second-order stationary points, and strict saddles between the manifold and factorization formulations. In addition, we show that the sandwich relation can be used to transfer more quantitative geometric properties from one formulation to another. Similarities and differences in the landscape connection under the PSD case and the general case are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first geometric landscape connection between the manifold and factorization formulations for handling rank constraints, and it provides a geometric explanation for the similar empirical performance of factorization and manifold approaches in low-rank matrix optimization observed in the literature. In the general low-rank matrix optimization, the landscape connection of two factorization formulations (unregularized and regularized ones) is also provided. By applying these geometric landscape connections (in particular, the sandwich relation), we are able to solve unanswered questions in the literature and establish stronger results in the applications on geometric analysis of phase retrieval, well-conditioned low-rank matrix optimization, and the role of regularization in factorization arising from machine learning and signal processing. Funding: This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China [Grants 2020YFA0711900 and 2020YFA0711901], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 12271107 and 62141407], and the Shanghai Science and Technology Program [Grant 21JC1400600]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoo.2022.0030 .
The Use and Usefulness of Big Data in Finance: Evidence from Financial Analysts
Authors: Chi Feng , Hwang Byoung-Hyoun , Zheng Yaping 
Published: September 2024

Alternative data have become a new source of information for investors. This paper examines how this development is reshaping the role of sell-side analysts. Employing textual analysis of analysts’ written reports, we show that analysts themselves have begun to adopt alternative data in their analyses. Furthermore, we find that when analysts report drawing from alternative data they generate more accurate earnings forecasts, and their brokerages subsequently receive higher amounts in trading commissions from investors, suggesting that investors value the adoption of alternative data by analysts. This paper was accepted by Kay Gieseke, finance. Funding: This research is supported by NTU-Singapore under its startup grant program. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02659 .
Passive Ownership and Price Informativeness
Authors: Sammon Marco 
Published: September 2024

I show that passive ownership negatively affects the degree to which stock prices anticipate earnings announcements. Estimates across several research designs imply that the rise in passive ownership over the last 30 years has caused the amount of information incorporated into prices ahead of earnings announcements to decline by approximately one-fourth of its whole-sample mean and one-sixth of its whole-sample standard deviation. This paper was accepted by Will Cong, finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00836 .
Traditional treatment for diastasis rectus abdominis in postpartum mothers: a phenomenological study
Authors: Fitriani Hemi , Setyowati Setyowati , Afiyanti Yati , Koestoer Raldi Artono , Arifin Hidayat 
Published: September 2024

Background/Aims Diastasis rectus abdominis is common in postpartum mothers but few studies have examined its traditional treatments. This study's aim was to explore postpartum mothers' experiences of abdominal care and Javanese cultural care. Methods This phenomenological study was conducted in rural Yogyakarta, Indonesia from May to December 2022. A total of 13 purposively selected postpartum mothers were interviewed using a semi-structured in-depth guide. Data were analysed thematically. Results The five main themes were symptoms interfere with activities and appearance, traditional and non-traditional abdominal care, benefits of and barriers to traditional care, regular use of traditional care and the need for more effective, comfortable and practical tools. Conclusions Both traditional and non-traditional care for postpartum abdominal issues present challenges. There is a need for more effective, comfortable and practical treatment for the abdominal area. Implications for practice Further research is needed to develop tools for abdominal care for postpartum women that are effective, comfortable and practical.
Type 2 diabetes post pandemic: enabling your patients to regain control
Authors: Nazarko Linda 
Published: September 2024

In the past 80 years, the number of people in the UK with a diabetes diagnosis has risen from 200,000 to around 4.3 million. The COVID-19 pandemic complicated tackling the disease as a public health issue. There are now an estimated five million people living with diabetes in the UK, most have type 2 diabetes. The COVID-19 pandemic affected access to care, led to delays in diagnoses of diabetes and many people with diabetes experienced a deterioration in their diabetes control. This article provides guidance on how nurses can work with people at risk of diabetes to prevent the condition, to induce remission and how to use medication to treat diabetes.
Reconfigurable metasurface with multi-vortex beam regulation and shared aperture focusing
Authors: Guan Wenqing , Qi Yunping , Li Hao , Ding Xinmiao , Tan Yonghui , Wang Xiangxian 
Published: September 2024

In recent decades, metasurface technology has attracted considerable interest in the research field due to its various operating modes and increasing tunability. This paper presents a multifunction metasurface based on VO2, aiming to address this growing interest. At room temperature (298 K), the metasurface operates in reflection mode. We designed eight cells with distinct reflection phases to meet the 360° phase requirement in the 1.28 THz to 1.34 THz frequency band. Furthermore, to facilitate the conversion of circularly polarized (CP) waves into single-beam orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex beams, as well as to accomplish deflection and beam splitting, we have also introduced convolution coding and the superposition theorem. At high temperatures (341 K), changing the arrangement turns the metasurface into a focusing generator for multi-channel terahertz beams. By manipulating the configuration and dimensions of the shared aperture array, it becomes feasible to generate diverse multi-channel focused beams at distinct predetermined positions while simultaneously regulating the energy intensity. The comprehensive full-wave simulation results demonstrate that this metasurface possesses the capability to produce four-channel focused beams, and five-channel at 1.0 THz frequency, aligning highly closely with the theoretical prediction. Hence, the metasurface we have developed exhibits great potential for future utilization in terahertz communication and high-precision imaging domains.
Optimal measurement method for anterior instability on stress radiographs in anterior cruciate ligament tear: Considering the effect of static anterior tibial subluxation
Authors: Han Joo Hyung , Choi Chong-Hyuk , Jung Min , Chung Kwangho , Kim Sungjun , Ha Taeho , Kim Sung-Hwan 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Accurate assessment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) function is vital for guiding treatment. Nevertheless, the presence of tibial subluxation in the neutral position of a patient with an ACL injury may potentially introduce a confounding factor. This study aims to investigate whether tibial subluxation in the neutral position affects the diagnosis of anterior instability in patients with ACL injuries, potentially impacting the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of stress radiography.

Methods
This study included 88 patients: 30 with acute complete ACL tears (acute group), 28 with chronic complete ACL tears (chronic group), and 30 patients who underwent knee arthroscopic surgery other than ACL reconstruction (control group). Side-to-side differences (SSD) in stress radiography were measured using the Telos load status and the SSD of the gap between the Telos load and unload statuses. Diagnostic accuracy of the two methods was assessed using areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs).

Results
The load SSD (5.92 ± 5.28 mm) was higher than the load-unload SSD (4.27 ± 5.99 mm) in the chronic group (P = 0.017). The load SSD demonstrated a significantly higher diagnostic value than that of the load-unload SSD in the combined group (AUC = 0.920 vs. 0.830; P = 0.012) and chronic group (AUC = 0.913 vs. 0.754; P = 0.002). After adjusting the symptoms for radiographic duration from 6 to 3 months in the chronic group, the load SSD exhibited a significantly higher diagnostic value (AUC = 0.902) than that of the load-unload SSD (AUC = 0.740; P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The load SSD provides superior diagnostic accuracy compared to the load-unload SSD in ACL tear cases, where static anterior tibial subluxation may result in false negatives. Although load-unload SSD may have diagnostic value within the first 3 months post-injury, the load SSD method provides a reliable assessment of ACL function for patients beyond this timeframe.
Association between under-dose of enzyme replacement therapy and quality of life in adults with late-onset Pompe disease in China: A retrospective matched cohort study
Authors: Zhang Huanyu , Chen Shanquan , Xu Richard Huan , Yu Siyue , Yu Jiazhou , Dong Dong 
Published: September 2024

Background
Due to the high cost of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), most of adults with late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) who received ERT used the medication with insufficient dosefs in China.

Objective
To compare the change in quality of life (QoL) between adults with LOPD receiving under-dose ERT and no ERT, and identify factors associated with the change of QoL.

Methods
A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted among adult patients with LOPD in a nationwide Pompe registry in China. Eligible participants were those who completed two investigations, and didn’t expose to ERT at baseline or before. The treated group were those who used ERT during follow-up; the untreated group received general care. The treated and untreated group were matched with a ratio of 1:2. QoL was assessed by the SF-12 and EQ-5D-5L. The dose of ERT was evaluated by the ratio of actual vials patients used divided by the indicated vials patients should use. The treated patients were further classified into mild and severe under-dose users by the median ratio. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to estimate the average treatment effect in the treated groups and identify factors associated with the changes of QoL scores.

Results
The study sample included 5 mild under-dose users, 6 severe under-dose users, and 22 untreated participants. Compared with the untreated group, mild under-dose ERT had no significant effect on the changes of QoL scores. In contrast, severe under-dose ERT was associated with a decline of physical QoL (β = -6.19, p = 0.001), but an increase of overall health state (β = 19.69, p = 0.032). A higher score of physical QoL (β = -0.74, p = 0.001) and overall health state (β = -0.69, p<0.001) at baseline was associated with decline in corresponding scores at follow-up. Being female was a contributor to the worsening of the overall health state (β = -22.79, p = 0.002), while being employed or at school was a predictor of improvement in mental QoL (β = 5.83, p = 0.002).

Conclusions
A Pompe-disease specific instrument based on patient experiences is warranted to closely monitor changes in QoL on a routine basis. It is desirable for patients with severe under-dose ERT to discuss with physicians whether to adjust treatment strategies.
Validation and usability of SeDAR e-health video for enhancing cervical cancer screening
Authors: Romli Rodziah , Mohamad Emma Mirza Wati , Abd Rahman Rahana , Chew Kah Teik , Mohd Hashim Syahnaz , Mohammed Nawi Azmawati 
Published: September 2024

Background
The cervical cancer (CC) incidence rate is increasing among young women aged <50 years despite early screening is proven effective. Electronic health (e-health) has great potential for disseminating health education.

Methods
This study validated a newly developed e-health tool “SeDAR®” and assessed its usability via evaluations by health experts (HE), media experts (ME), and women. The SeDAR® content was developed based on protection motivation theory (PMT) using the nominal group technique and in-depth interviews that involved HE and women, respectively. Content validation was performed among the HE (n = 12) and ME (n = 5) using the content validation index (CVI) to identify their agreement. Subsequently, the Video Engagement Scale (VES®) was used to validate SeDAR® among women of different ethnicities (n = 11) to achieve ecological validity. The experts and women also commented on the presentation of the video.

Results
The validation yielded a good CVI among the HE (scale-level CVI-average [SCVI/Ave] = 0.986; scale-level CVI-universal agreement [SCVI/UA] = 0.900) and ME (SCVI/Ave = 0.979, SCVI/UA = 0.897). The highest VES® score [mean (±SD) = 92.90(±3.46)] proved the ecological validity of SeDAR®. The experts’ feedback established that SeDAR® conveyed a clear message about awareness of performing CC screening and was suitable for public viewing. The women considered SeDAR® easy to understand, and it advised early exposure for early CC screening.

Conclusions
SeDAR® was valid and could constitute an important e-health tool to improve motivation and uptake of CC screening.
Research Handbook on Visual Politics, Darren Lilleker and Anastasia Veneti (eds) (2023)
Authors: Bucy Erik P. 
Published: September 2024

Review of: Research Handbook on Visual Politics, Darren Lilleker and Anastasia Veneti (eds) (2023)
Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 448 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-80037-692-2, h/bk, £200.00, e-book, £48.00