bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Getting away “Scott” (but not Susan) free: The effects of safety‐specific abusive supervision and supervisor gender on follower attributions and safety outcomes
Authors: Fiset John , Byrne Alyson 
Published: September 2024

SummaryWhile most research emphasizes the harmful effects of abusive supervision, we argue that certain contextual factors—specifically hazardous work environments and supervisor gender—may lead abusive supervision to be perceived as driven by performance promotion intentions as opposed to injury initiation intentions. We introduce the concept of Safety‐Specific Abusive Supervision (SSAS), which we define as the extent to which a supervisor's active response to safety incidents is perceived by employees as abusive. Drawing from event system theory and research on attributions of abusive supervision, we theorize that when supervisors engage in SSAS, employees are more likely to attribute their behavior to performance promotion rather than injury initiation, perceiving the supervisors' actions as a means to keep them safe rather than to cause harm. We predict that performance promotion attributions mediate the relationship between SSAS and safety performance outcomes, namely safety voice and perceived supervisor safety commitment. However, consistent with role congruity theory, we hypothesize that this relationship is only true for male supervisors and not for female supervisors. Across three studies (two experimental studies and one field study), we largely find support for our hypotheses.
Plasma levels of EPA and DHA after ingestion of a single dose of EPA and DHA ethyl esters
Authors: Schmieta Henrieke Marie‐Luise , Greupner Theresa , Schneider Inga , Wrobel Sonja , Christa Vanessa , Kutzner Laura , Hahn Andreas , Harris William S. , Schebb Nils Helge , Schuchardt Jan Philipp 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOmega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFA), specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n3), are essential for maintaining health. To better understand their biology, it is important to define their bioavailability. The aim of this cross‐over study was to investigate and compare the acute effects on plasma EPA and DHA levels after single doses of EPA oil (99% pure) and DHA (97% pure) ethyl esters. Twelve men aged 20–40 years with a body‐mass‐index of 20–27 kg/m2 and low fish consumption were recruited. Several measures (e.g., 4‐week run‐in period, standardized diet, and blood collection protocols) were taken to reduce the inter‐individual variability of plasma fatty acids levels. Using a cross‐over design, the subjects received 2.2 g of EPA in the first test period and 2.3 g of DHA in the second. The test periods were separated by 2 weeks. Blood samples were taken before dosing and after 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The mean ± SE maximum concentrations for EPA were higher than for DHA (115 ± 11 μg/mL vs. 86 ± 12 μg/mL; p = 0.05). The mean ± SE incremented area under the plasma concentration curve over 72 h for EPA (2461 ± 279 μg/mL) was 2.4 times higher (p < 0.001) than that for DHA (1021 ± 170 μg/mL). The mean ± SE half‐life was for EPA and DHA was 45 ± 8 and 66 ± 12 h. Our results indicate that EPA administration in single doses leads to higher circulating plasma levels of EPA compared to an effect of an equivalent dose of DHA on DHA plasma levels.
Delineating population structure of resilient sea/river‐type sockeye salmon
Authors: Brennan Kyle G. , Brennan Sean R. , Cline Timothy , Bowen Gabriel J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractConserving wild fisheries requires identifying and monitoring distinct populations, yet prevalent genetic approaches often do not integrate habitat data and may not fully delineate these structures. This issue is critical in sea/river‐type sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), an ecotype whose specific spawning habitats better define distinct breeding populations. Despite possessing traits that confer greater resilience to climate change and significant contributions to wild fisheries, gene flow among groups dilutes genetic structure, making it difficult to track populations. We focus on sea/river sockeye from one of the Pacific Rim's largest Sockeye fisheries, combining river strontium (Sr) isotope predictions, otolith Sr isotope measurements, and a Bayesian assignment model with a 4‐yr radiotelemetry and genetic dataset (n = 1994) to delineate the geographic structure of spawning habitats. Our results identify four distinct subpopulations with unique natal habitat Sr isotope ratios previously undifferentiated by genetic methods, providing a novel approach to monitor critical groups over multiple years.
Transient Electroluminescence Spectroscopy in Planar Electroluminescent Devices
Authors: Xue Xulan , Zhu Bingyan , Kang Zhihui , Chi Xiaochun , Zhang Hanzhuang , Tang Aiwei , Ji Wenyu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe emergence of planar electroluminescent diodes (including polymer light‐emitting diodes, organic light‐emitting diodes, quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes, and perovskite light‐emitting diodes) is causing a revolution in displays, lighting, and wearable electronic devices. Continuous advancement in the comprehension and management of charge carrier dynamics in these devices has led to several significant breakthroughs, including diodes with ultrahigh luminance, memory devices, and amplified spontaneous emission. Transient electroluminescence (TrEL) spectroscopy is a relative powerful technology to investigate charge dynamics, including transport, distribution, and storage of charge carriers, in electrically‐driven planar light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). The aim of this review is to revisit the principle and applications of TrEL spectroscopy in planar electroluminescent diodes, and to evaluate the reliability of various parameters extracted using this technology. A particular focus is on electroluminescence response time, charge‐carrier transport and storage, and exciton species. First, the principle and equipment system of the TrEL, as well as specific attention during TrEL measurements are described in detail, following by the applications TrEL spectroscopy in planar LEDs. Further development on the TrEL technology is discussed in the third section. Finally, a summary and outlook for the TrEL are shown and challenges faced by the TrEL spectroscopy are also highlighted.
New Insights into Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease from Spectral Dynamic Causal Modeling
Authors: Taniguchi Seira , Kajiyama Yuta , Kochiyama Takanori , Revankar Gajanan , Ogawa Kotaro , Shirahata Emi , Asai Kana , Saeki Chizu , Ozono Tatsuhiko , Kimura Yasuyoshi , Ikenaka Kensuke , D'Cruz Nicholas , Gilat Moran , Nieuwboer Alice , Mochizuki Hideki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundFreezing of gait is one of the most disturbing motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the effective connectivity between key brain hubs that are associated with the pathophysiological mechanism of freezing of gait remains elusive.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify effective connectivity underlying freezing of gait.MethodsThis study applied spectral dynamic causal modeling (DCM) of resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging in dedicated regions of interest determined using a data‐driven approach.ResultsAbnormally increased functional connectivity between the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the bilateral mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) was identified in freezers compared with nonfreezers. Subsequently, spectral DCM analysis revealed that increased top‐down excitatory effective connectivity from the left DLPFC to bilateral MLR and an independent self‐inhibitory connectivity within the left DLPFC in freezers versus nonfreezers (>99% posterior probability) were inversely associated with the severity of freezing of gait. The lateralization of these effective connectivity patterns was not attributable to the initial dopaminergic deficit nor to structural changes in these regions.ConclusionsWe have identified novel effective connectivity and an independent self‐inhibitory connectivity underlying freezing of gait. Our findings imply that modulating the effective connectivity between the left DLPFC and MLR through neurostimulation or other interventions could be a target for reducing freezing of gait in PD. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Unilateral Magnetic Resonance–Guided Focused Ultrasound Lesion of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective Study
Authors: Armengou‐Garcia Laura , Sanchez‐Catasus Carlos A. , Aviles‐Olmos Iciar , Jiménez‐Huete Adolfo , Montoya‐Murillo Genoveva , Gorospe Arantza , Martin‐Bastida Antonio , Gonzalez‐Quarante Lain Hermes , Guridi Jorge , Rodriguez‐Oroz Maria C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundUnilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) ablation using magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is being explored as a new treatment for asymmetric Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectivesThe aims were to study the efficacy and safety of this treatment in asymmetric PD patients and to characterize the lesions.MethodsThis prospective, single‐center, open‐label study evaluated asymmetric PD patients at 6 (n = 20) and 12 months (n = 12) after MRgFUS lesion of the STN. The primary outcome was the change in the Movement Disorders Society‐Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Part III (MDS‐UPDRS III), score in off medication on the treated side and the adverse events (AEs) at 6‐month follow‐up. We also evaluated cognitive–neuropsychological changes, self‐assessment of clinical improvement, and the correlation of the lesion volume with the motor outcomes.ResultsOn the treated side, the MDS‐UPDRS III score (mean difference = 13.8) and the scores in rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremor improved (P < 0.001) throughout the follow‐up compared to baseline (at 6 months: rigidity mean difference = 2.8, improvement: 83.5%; bradykinesia mean difference = 6.0, improvement: 69.4%; tremor mean difference = 4.7, improvement: 91.5%). One patient had severe weakness in the treated hemibody, 1 had moderate dyskinesia, and 1 was in moderate confusional state that became mild (weakness) or completely resolved (dyskinesia and confusional state) at 6 months. The rest of the AEs were mild. We observed no clinically relevant changes in cognitive–neuropsychological tests. The percentage of ablation of the STN correlated with the improvement in the total MDS‐UPDRS III and contralateral tremor scores (P < 0.05).ConclusionUnilateral MRgFUS lesion of the STN resulted in a significant motor improvement. We observed no persistent severe AEs, although mild, mostly transient AEs were frequent. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Free Vascularized Scapula tip Flap to L5—S1 Vertebral Defect After Chronic Infection Related to Interbody Fusion Cage: A Case Report
Authors: Reilly Frank O. F. , Georgopoulos Ioannis , Jonsson Håkan , Mani Kevin , Rodriguez‐Lorenzo Andrés , Schizas Nikos 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTSeptic nonunion after vertebral fusion can lead to significant patient disability. The management of septic nonunions usually involves surgical debridement, bone fixation, and antibiotic therapy. Particularly challenging is lumbosacral vertebral nonunions, which necessitate a difficult surgical approach. We present a novel approach using a scapula tip free flap through an intra‐abdominal approach to reconstruct a L5–S1 vertebral defect after a septic nonunion. Our patient, 31‐year‐old man, with no medical conditions, had a fusion of L5–S1 due to severe lower back pain secondary to isthmic spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Despite multiple attempts of surgical fusion, postoperatively the patient developed a septic nonunion. Following a modified DAIR, the nonunion was reconstructed with a scapula tip bone flap 4 × 3 × 2 cm. The subscapular vessels were anastomosed to the deep inferior epigastric vessels after an intra‐abdominal inset. The patient was discharged at 15 days postoperatively without any complications. At 1‐year follow‐up the patient is pain‐free, off opiate analgesia with radiological evidence of fusion between the scapula tip, L5 and the S1 vertebral body. This case report describes the use, for the first time, of a free scapula tip, to a lumbosacral spinal defect. The use of the free scapula tip flap may be considered for reconstruction of osseous spinal defects due to its long pedicle and the unique bone shape.
Extracting Scalar Couplings From Complex 1H NMR Spectra Using a Simple 2D J‐Resolved Sequence
Authors: Mudgil Manjeet , Kurur Narayanan D. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMeasurement of scalar couplings between protons is a very challenging task because of complex multiplet patterns and severe overlapping of these multiplets in congested 1D spectra. Numerous 2D J‐resolved sequences now exist that utilize either the Zangger‐Sterk or PSYCHE or z‐filter elements along with selective refocusing and pure‐shift schemes to generate high‐resolution phase‐sensitive spectra with simple doublets in
dimension. Herein, we present a 2D J‐resolved sequence that employs a simple element consisting of hard pulses and inter‐pulse delays to generate phase‐sensitive spectra. This simple element in combination with selective refocusing eliminates all the undesired components including the intense axial peaks, thus provides clean 2D J‐resolved spectra with signals of only two targeted protons with simple doublets in
dimension and full multiplets of target protons in
dimension. This high selectivity thus obviates the need for extra filtering elements and pure‐shift acquisition schemes that are integrated into existing sequences to facilitate coupling measurements in overcrowded signals. It is therefore anticipated that this sequence, with the ease of implementation and ability to extract coupling values from highly congested spectra, should turn out an important tool for structural and conformational analyses in chemical and biological studies.
Enhanced Hybrid Algorithms for Segmentation and Reconstruction of Granular Grains From X‐Ray Micro Computed‐Tomography Images
Authors: Li Ruidong , Zhang Pin , Yin Zhen‐Yu , Sheil Brian 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAccurate three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction of granular grains from x‐ray micro‐computed tomography (µCT) images is a long‐standing challenge, particularly for dense soil samples. This study develops a machine learning (ML) enhanced approach to automatically reconstruct granular grains from µCT images. The novel academic contributions of this paper include (a) a hierarchical strategy based on parameter‐independent polygonal approximation, area, and concavity analysis, for the first time, to identify and eliminate both intergranular and intragranular voids; (b) incorporation of a recursive segmentation scheme and ML‐based grain classifier to avoid over‐segmentation; (c) novel modifications on the determination of splitting paths to enhance segmentation accuracy; and (d) an effective approach of assigning initial level set functions for reconstructing granular grains automatically. The hybrid ML algorithm is applied to µCT images of dense Mojave Mars Simulant. The results indicate that the proposed method can accurately segment grain clumps with unclear boundaries. The new automatic reconstruction algorithm eliminates ineffective operations and achieves a three‐fold increase in computational speed than previous methods documented in the literature. Ninety‐one percent of grains with distinct boundaries can be reconstructed and the reconstruction ratio reaches 81% even for grains without distinct boundaries. The overall reconstruction ratio of grains increases by 20% compared with previous methods, achieving a step‐change improvement for one‐to‐one mapping of real soil samples.
The polytannic acid‐Fe(III) functionalized graphene oxide in poly (propylene carbonate) nanocomposite enabling enhanced shape memory, UV‐resistance, and self‐healing performance
Authors: Ren Xinqi , Yang Zhihai , Xie Zhong , Gao Xingyu , Zuo Peiyuan , Zhuang Qixin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPolypropylene carbonate (PPC) is a promising candidate of substrate materials used for human wearable devices due to its excellent ductility and biocompatibility. However, PPC is prone to be deformed, thus resulting in poor shape recovery property. One effective solution is to construct composites. In this work, poly (tannic acid) with Fe3+ (FPTA) @ graphene oxide (GO) was added to fabricate FPTA@GO/PPC composites. The results show that FPTA@GO can construct a tight network of hydrogen bonds into PPC to improve shape memory and self‐healing properties. By varying the FPTA@GO content, the composites exhibit tunable shape memory property. Dynamic mechanical analysis confirms that FPTA@GO/PPC composites show better shape memory properties compared with pure PPC. 5 wt% FPTA@GO/PPC composite demonstrates superior shape fixation ratio (Rf = 99%) as well as superior shape recovery ratio (Rr = 94%) in 37°C. Moreover, 5 wt% FPTA@GO/PPC composite possesses great self‐healing efficiency of 81% and tensile strength (17.2 MPa). The UV absorption capacity of 5 wt% FPTA@GO/PPC is increased by 150% (far and mid‐UV regions) and 400% (near‐UV region) compared with pure PPC. Thus, FPTA@GO/PPC composites have potential applications in developing shape memory, self‐healing, and UV‐resistant materials for human wearable devices.
Age resistant low density peroxide cured EPDM rubber insulation for large rocket motors
Authors: Jabez I. Kingstone Lesley , Das Urmila , Sudarshan Nakka , Rani R. Sheena , Paparao B. V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNovel methodology introduced to incorporate peroxide in the rubber matrix led to successful development of peroxide cured EPDM insulation based on precipitated silica, a conventional filler. Effect of Silica Filler on the physical, mechanical, thermal, ablative properties and thermal degradation of such an insulation has been recently published. As an outcome of above study, peroxide cured EPDM insulation with 25 PHR of Silica, has been promulgated as potential low density insulation meeting all the requirements of Large Rocket Motor, while having a density as low as 0.997 g/cm3 and Tg as low as −55°C. Effect of aging on mechanical, thermal properties and thermal degradation behavior of low density peroxide cured EPDM insulation has been studied and the findings have been corroborated by FTIR Spectroscopy and morphological Examination by SEM.
Forming performance and environmental impact of bamboo fiber reinforced polypropylene composites based on injection molding process for automobiles
Authors: Zhao Feng , Liu Xiaorui , Feng Tao , Zhao Jialong , Guo Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo explore the potential application of plant fiber reinforced composites for automotive component applications, this study prepared bamboo fiber (BF)/nano‐talc/polypropylene (PP) composites based on the injection molding process, comprehensively evaluated the effect of reinforcement materials on the forming properties of composites, including thermal performance, mechanical properties, water absorption, etc. Furthermore, taking a certain automotive injection molded interior part as the object, a life‐cycle assessment from production to the gate was conducted based on the real energy and material consumption during the composite preparation process. The results indicate that adding BF and talc powder increased the thermal stability, density, hardness, viscosity, and crystallinity of the composites while reducing the water contact angle on the surface. Surface‐modified BF and PP showed good compatibility. Talc powder exhibited good dispersibility in PP, and the synergistic effect of BF and talc powder effectively enhanced the composite performance. The tensile, flexural, and impact strength of the composites were improved by 40.64%, 51.48%, and 66.51%, respectively, compared with pure PP. The modulus of the composite increased nearly 2 times compared with pure PP. Additionally, the composite demonstrated good friction and wear properties. The environmental impact of the BF composite manufacturing process was significantly higher than that of pure PP. The substantial consumption of electricity, chemicals, and water resources in the extraction and modification processes of BF were the main factors. The findings of this study contribute to achieving green, high‐performance BF composite manufacturing and the expansion of its applications.Highlights
Composites have a higher environmental impact compared to PP.
BF and talc can synergistically enhance the performance of composites.
BF shows good compatibility with PP.
Composites exhibit good friction and wear characteristics.
Impact of graphite on tribo‐mechanical, structural, and thermal behaviors of polyoxymethylene copolymer/glass fiber hybrid composites via Taguchi optimization
Authors: Vikram Kamlendra , Bhaumik Shubrajit , Pramanik Sumit 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUnique hybrid thermoplastic composites based on polyoxymethylene copolymer (POM C), 10 wt.% glass fiber (GF) and graphite (Grt) filler at 1, 3, and 5 wt.% were developed using injection molding technique. According to the Taguchi L16 orthogonal array, present experiments were carried out with the aim of determining the coefficient of friction (COF) and specific wear rate (SWR) under a range of loads (namely, 5, 10, 20, and 30 N), sliding speeds (namely, 200, 400, 600, and 800 rpm), and run times (namely, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min) with varying wt.% of Grt (namely, 1, 3, and 5 wt.%) throughout the experiment. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the most significant factors that affect the output functions (viz., COF and SWR). The findings demonstrated that POM C/10GF composites' tribo‐mechanical, structural, and thermal properties were considerably improved upon by including Grt. Various microscopical methods were also employed to study the wear mechanisms of the composites and the surface morphology of the worn samples. The POM C/10GF with a 3 wt.% of Grt exhibited superior tribological properties owing to its enhanced interfacial bonding characteristics, resulting to increased wear resistance.Highlights
Injection molded POM C/10GF hybrid composites with 1, 3, and 5 wt.% graphite (Grt)
Structural, thermal, chemical, tribo‐mechanical and microstructural studies
Design of experiment with variable loads, times, speeds, and Grt compositions
COF and specific wear resistance as response
Optimization of hybrid composite composition using Taguchi L16 orthogonal array