bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) for biological tissue impedance analysis and equivalent circuit modelling
Authors: Bera Tushar Kanti , Jampana Nagaraju , Lubineau Gilles 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Under an alternating electrical signal, biological tissues produce a complex electrical bioimpedance that is a function of tissue composition and applied signal frequencies. By studying the bioimpedance spectra of biological tissues over a wide range of frequencies, we can noninvasively probe the physiological properties of these tissues to detect possible pathological conditions. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can provide the spectra that are needed to calculate impedance parameters within a wide range of frequencies. Before impedance parameters can be calculated and tissue information extracted, impedance spectra should be processed and analyzed by a dedicated software program. National Instruments (NI) Inc. offers LabVIEW, a fast, portable, robust, user-friendly platform for designing data-analyzing software. We developed a LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) to analyze the electrical impedance spectra for tissue characterization in medical, biomedical and biological applications. Here, we test, calibrate and evaluate the performance of LEBISDI on the impedance data obtained from simulation studies as well as the practical EIS experimentations conducted on electronic circuit element combinations and the biological tissue samples. We analyze the Nyquist plots obtained from the EIS measurements and compare the equivalent circuit parameters calculated by LEBISDI with the corresponding original circuit parameters to assess the accuracy of the program developed. Calibration studies show that LEBISDI not only interpreted the simulated and circuit-element data accurately, but also successfully interpreted tissues impedance data and estimated the capacitive and resistive components produced by the compositions biological cells. Finally, LEBISDI efficiently calculated and analyzed variation in bioimpedance parameters of different tissue compositions, health and temperatures. LEBISDI can also be used for human tissue impedance analysis for electrical impedance-based tissue characterization, health analysis and disease diagnosis.
Iodine‐Catalyzed Formation of Amide Bond: Efficient Strategy for the Synthesis of Aromatic Primary Amides
Authors: Xie Zengyang , Chen Ruijiao , Du Zhongyu , Kong Lingdong , Li Zhenquan , Li Zhaolou , Wang Ning , Liu Jun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA practical and efficient methodology for the synthesis of aromatic primary amides by reaction of benzylic alcohols and aqueous ammonia in the presence of an I2/TBHP system in acetonitrile was developed. This oxidative amidation proceeded smoothly at ambient temperature and tolerated a variety of functional groups. A wide range of aromatic primary amides were obtained in moderate to high yields. Preliminary kinetic studies and a possible mechanism of the oxidative amidation reaction were also discussed.
A Large π‐Extended Carbon Nanoring Based on Nanographene Units: Bottom‐Up Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Selective Complexation with Fullerene C70
Authors: Lu Dapeng , Zhuang Guilin , Wu Haotian , Wang Song , Yang Shangfeng , Du Pingwu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHerein we report the organoplatinum‐mediated bottom‐up synthesis, characterization, and properties of a novel large π‐extended carbon nanoring based on a nanographene hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronene (HBC) building unit. This tubular structure can be considered as an example of the longitudinal extension of the cycloparaphenylene scaffold to form a large π‐extended carbon nanotube (CNT) segment. The cyclic tetramer of a tetramesityl HBC ([4]CHBC) was synthesized by the reaction of a 2,11‐diborylated hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronene with a platinum complex, followed by reductive elimination. The structure of this tubular molecule was further confirmed by physical characterization. Theoretical calculations indicate that the strain energy of this nanoring is as high as 49.18 kcal mol−1. The selective supramolecular host–guest interaction between [4]CHBC and C70 was also investigated.
Stereocontrolled Total Syntheses of (−)‐Rotenone and (−)‐Dalpanol by 1,2‐Rearrangement and SNAr Oxycyclizations
Authors: Nakamura Kayo , Ohmori Ken , Suzuki Keisuke 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe total syntheses of (−)‐rotenone and (−)‐dalpanol have been achieved by a group‐selective, stereospecific 1,2‐shift of an epoxy alcohol and SNAr cyclizations. Three oxacycles are constructed, thus illustrating a versatile synthetic route to various rotenoids.
Ursachen der unterschiedlichen Reaktivität von [AlCeOx]+ (x=2–4) gegenüber Methan in Abhängigkeit vom Sauerstoffgehalt
Authors: Zhou Shaodong , Li Jilai , Schlangen Maria , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDie thermischen Gasphasenreaktionen der geschlossenschaligen heteronuklearen Metalloxidcluster [AlCeOx]+ (x=2–4) mit Methan wurden mittels FT‐ICR‐Massenspektrometrie und quantenchemischer Rechnungen untersucht. Während [AlCeO2]+ und [AlCeO4]+ unter thermischen Bedingungen gegenüber Methan inert sind, reagiert [AlCeO3]+ spontan unter Wasserstoffatomabstraktion. Unter Berücksichtigung mechanistischer Aspekte konnten die Ursachen dieser deutlich unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften der [AlCeOx]+/CH4‐Paare aufgedeckt werden; die elektronische Grundlage der beispiellosen, einfachen Wasserstoffatomabstraktion von Methan durch den geschlossenschaligen Cluster [AlCeO3]+ wird diskutiert.
Catalyst‐Free Polyhydroboration of Dodecaborate Yields Highly Photoluminescent Ionic Polyarylated Clusters
Authors: Lee Mark W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe incorporation of polyhedral boranes into novel photoluminescent materials is an area with increasing interest. While the neutral carboranes have been widely investigated for this purpose, the dodecaborate ion has received much less attention. Herein we report a significant expansion to the scope of substitution reactions for the dodecaborate ion, whereby this cluster was observed to react directly with a wide range of arenes in a step‐wise and controlled manner. In the products of these reactions, the dodecaborate ion serves as a core upon which up to nine mono‐ or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ligands are exohedrally bonded. Spectroscopic evidence suggests the presence of conjugation between the π systems of the aryl ligands and the dodecaborate core, resulting in materials which exhibit high solution‐phase photoluminescence, as well as molar absorptivities and Stokes shifts that are significantly larger than those of the free arenes from which they were derived. We propose that this broad reactivity is a valuable synthetic tool for the incorporation of polyhedral boron into novel organic structures.
Stereospecific Construction of Contiguous Quaternary All‐Carbon Centers by Oxidative Ring Contraction
Authors: Yu Xin , Hu Jiadong , Shen Zhigao , Zhang Hui , Gao Jin‐Ming , Xie Weiqing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOxidative ring contraction of cyclic α‐formyl ketones was facilitated by the action of H2O2 under operationally simple and environmentally benign reaction conditions. The process was highly regioselective and enables stereospecific construction of contiguous quaternary all‐carbon centers from stereodefined all‐substituted all‐cyclic ketones. The asymmetric syntheses of (+)‐cuparene and (+)‐tochuinyl acetate were also successively achieved by taking advantage of this novel protocol.
On the Origin of the Remarkably Variable Reactivities of [AlCeOx]+ (x=2–4) towards Methane as a Function of Oxygen Content
Authors: Zhou Shaodong , Li Jilai , Schlangen Maria , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe thermal gas‐phase reactions of the closed‐shell heteronuclear metal–oxide clusters [AlCeOx]+ (x=2–4) with methane have been explored by FT‐ICR mass spectrometry and high‐level quantum‐chemical calculation. Whereas [AlCeO2]+ and [AlCeO4]+ are inert towards methane under ambient conditions, [AlCeO3]+ spontaneously abstracts one hydrogen atom from methane. Mechanistic aspects have been addressed to reveal the reasons for the rather distinct reactivities of the [AlCeOx]+/CH4 couples, and the electronic origins of the unprecedented single hydrogen‐atom abstraction from methane by closed‐shell [AlCeO3]+ are discussed.
Vanadium(III) complexes containing phenoxy–imine–thiophene ligands: Synthesis, characterization and application to homo‐ and copolymerization of ethylene
Authors: do Prado Nayara T. , Ribeiro Ronny R. , L. Casagrande Osvaldo 
Published: December 2016

A set of vanadium(III) complexes, namely {SNO}VCl2(THF)2 (2a, SNO = thiophene‐(N═CH)‐phenol; 2b, SNO = 5‐phenylthiophene‐(N═CH)‐phenol; 2c, SNO = 5‐phenylthiophene‐(N═CH)‐4‐tert‐butylphenol; 2d, SNO = 5‐methylthiophene‐(N═CH)‐phenol; 2e, SNO = 5‐methylthiophene‐(N═CH)‐4‐tert‐butylphenol; 2f, SNO = 5‐methylthiophene‐(N═CH)‐2‐methylphenol; 2g, SNO = 5‐methylthiophene‐(N═CH)‐4‐fluorophenol), were synthesized by reaction of VCl3(THF)3 with phenoxy–imine–thiophene proligands (1a–g). All vanadium(III) complexes were characterized using elemental analysis and infrared and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies. Upon activation with methylaluminoxane (MAO), vanadium precatalysts 2a–g proved active in the polymerization of ethylene (213.6–887.2 kg polyethylene (mol[V])−1⋅h−1), yielding high‐density polyethylenes with melting temperatures in the range 133–136 °C and crystallinities varying from 28 to 41%. The 2e/MAO catalyst system was able to copolymerize ethylene with 1‐hexene affording poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐hexene)s with melting temperatures varying from 126 to 102 °C and co‐monomer incorporation in the range 3.60–4.00%.
Geospatial modelling for predicting the ideal free settlement of Rapa
Authors: LANE BRIAN G. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper describes a geospatial model that was developed to be the basis for applying models from human behavioural ecology (HBE). Specifically, the logic of the ideal free distribution (IFD) is narrowed and applied to the post‐colonisation spread of intensive agriculture in order to predict the order and locations of its expansion. The island of Rapa, Austral Islands, is used to highlight the utility of this method. Rapa is an ideal location due to the prominent use of intensive irrigated taro agriculture and its role in explanations of the social development of territoriality on the island. The use of similar geospatial models has wider implications for island archaeology in furthering the understanding of diachronic settlement patterns.
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Dendritic Platinum Nanoparticles with HEK‐293 Cells
Authors: Shim Kyubin , Kim Jeonghun , Heo Yoon‐Uk , Jiang Bo , Li Cuiling , Shahabuddin Mohammed , Wu Kevin C.‐W. , Hossain Md. Shahriar A. , Yamauchi Yusuke , Kim Jung Ho 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDendritic platinum nanoparticles (DPNs) have been synthesized from l‐ascorbic acid and an amphiphilic non‐ionic surfactant (Brij‐58) via a sonochemical method. The particle size and shape of the DPNs could be tuned by changing the reduction temperature, resulting in a uniform DPN with a size of 23 nm or 60 nm. The facets of DPNs have been studied by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The cytotoxicity of DPNs has been investigated using human embryonic kidney cells (HEK‐293), and the biological adaptability exhibited by DPNs has opened a pathway to biomedical applications such as drug‐delivery systems, photothermal treatment, and biosensors.
Pyridylmethylamine–Palladium Catalytic Systems: A Selective Alternative in the C−H Arylation of Indole
Authors: Perato Serge , Large Benjamin , Lu Qiao , Gaucher Anne , Prim Damien 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA highly efficient pyridylmethylamine‐Pd alternative catalytic system for the C−H arylation of indole was explored. Variously substituted aryl groups were regio‐ and chemoselectively installed at the indole nucleus by using barium hydroxide as the base. The method was found to be efficient even in the presence of hindered coupling partners and Pd‐reactive bonds.
ANN Analysis of a Roller Compaction Process in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Sajjia Mustafa , Shirazian Saeed , Kelly Catherine B. , Albadarin Ahmad B. , Walker Gavin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDry granulation via a roller compactor was simulated based on the artificial neural network (ANN) methodology. Two process parameters, including roll force and screw speed, were considered as input of the simulation whereas ribbon density was considered as output. Experimental work was carried out using an industrial‐scale roller compactor. The results showed an excellent agreement between simulation and experiments. The findings were compared as well with the results obtained in a previous study employing the Johanson model, which is the predominant model for the simulation of a roller compaction process. The overall deviation observed for the developed ANN model was found to be significantly improved in comparison with the deviation obtained for the Johanson model. The results demonstrated a very good capability and robustness of the developed ANN model in design and optimization of the roller compaction process.
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Driven by [FeFe] Hydrogenase Models Tethered to Fluorene and Silafluorene Sensitizers
Authors: Goy Roman , Bertini Luca , Rudolph Tobias , Lin Shu , Schulz Martin , Zampella Giuseppe , Dietzek Benjamin , Schacher Felix H. , De Gioia Luca , Sakai Ken , Weigand Wolfgang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIt is successfully shown that photocatalytic proton reduction to dihydrogen in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor, such as trimethylamine (TEA) and ascorbate, can be driven by compact sensitizer–catalyst dyads, that is, dithiolate‐bridged [FeFe] hydrogenase models tethered to organic sensitizers, such as fluorenes and silafluorenes (1 a–4 a). The sensitizer–catalyst dyads 1 a–4 a show remarkable and promising catalytic activities as well as enhanced stabilities during photocatalysis performed under UV‐light irradiation. The photocatalysis was carried out both in non‐aqueous and aqueous media. The latter experiments were performed by solubilizing the photocatalysts within micelles formed by either sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). In this study a turnover number of 539 (7 h) is achieved under optimized conditions, which corresponds to an exceptionally high turnover frequency of 77 h−1. Theoretical investigations as well as emission decay experiments were performed to understand the observed phenomena together with the mechanisms of photocatalytic H2 generation.
Fluorescent Oligonucleotide Probes for Screening High‐Affinity Nucleobase Surrogates
Authors: Aro‐Heinilä Asmo , Lönnberg Tuomas 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDouble‐helical oligonucleotide probes featuring a single‐nucleotide gap opposed by one of the canonical nucleobases and flanked by the fluorescent nucleobase analogue pyrrolocytosine have been synthesized and titrated with PdII chelates of dipicolinamide and its N2,N6‐dialkylated derivatives. The fluorometric titrations revealed greatly increased affinity of the PdII chelates for the nucleobases opposing the gap compared to the respective free nucleotides in solution. Owing to the constrained environment of the single‐nucleotide gap, the relative stabilities of the various PdII‐mediated base pairs were also significantly different from those previously reported at monomer level.
The Anticancer Potential of Ionic Liquids
Authors: Dias Ana Rita , Costa‐Rodrigues João , Fernandes Maria Helena , Ferraz Ricardo , Prudêncio Cristina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAmong the many challenges that the pharmaceutical industry currently faces is the need to develop innovative and effective therapies. The investigation of alternative and effective therapies against cancer is a current goal of the pharmaceutical industry. Ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged recently as a topic of study by researchers in the pharmaceutical industry in their search for new therapeutic agents. By definition, ILs are organic salts with melting points below 100 °C that are composed only by ions. Their main advantage lies in the numerous possible combinations of cations and anions, which allow adjustments in their physicochemical properties. The combination between ILs and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) may improve the properties of APIs. In addition, the antitumor properties of these compounds have been described. Several studies have reported the use of ILs in biomedical applications as therapeutic agents, namely as antitumor agents. This review describes the recent proposed applications of ILs as antitumor agents.
Clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes associated with TP53 and BRAFNon‐V600 mutations in cutaneous melanoma patients
Authors: Kim Dae Won , Haydu Lauren E. , Joon Aron Y. , Bassett Roland L. , Siroy Alan E. , Tetzlaff Michael T. , Routbort Mark J. , Amaria Rodabe N. , Wargo Jennifer A. , McQuade Jennifer L. , Kemnade Jan , Hwu Patrick , Woodman Scott E. , Roszik Jason , Kim Kevin B. , Gershenwald Jeffrey E. , Lazar Alexander J. , Davies Michael A. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUNDBRAFV600, NRAS, TP53, and BRAFNon‐V600 are among the most common mutations detected in non‐acral cutaneous melanoma patients. Although several studies have identified clinical and pathological features associated with BRAFV600 and NRAS mutations, limited data are available regarding the correlates and significance of TP53 and BRAFNon‐V600 mutations.METHODSThis study analyzed the patient demographics, primary tumor features, and clinical outcomes of a large cohort of non‐acral cutaneous melanoma patients who had undergone clinically indicated molecular testing (n = 926).RESULTSThe prevalence of BRAFV600, NRAS, TP53, and BRAFNon‐V600 mutations was 43%, 21%, 19%, and 7%, respectively. The presence of a TP53 mutation was associated with older age (P = .019), a head and neck primary tumor site (P = .0001), and longer overall survival (OS) from the diagnosis of stage IV disease in univariate (P = .039) and multivariate analyses (P = .015). BRAFNon‐V600 mutations were associated with older age (P = .005) but not with primary tumor features or OS from stage IV. Neither TP53 nor BRAFNon‐V600 mutations correlated significantly with OS with frontline ipilimumab treatment, and the TP53 status was not significantly associated with outcomes with frontline BRAF inhibitor therapy. Eleven patients with BRAFNon‐V600 mutations were treated with a BRAF inhibitor. Three patients were not evaluable for a response because of treatment cessation for toxicities; the remaining patients had disease progression as the best response to therapy.CONCLUSIONSThese results add to the understanding of the clinical features associated with TP53 and BRAFNon‐V600 mutations in advanced cutaneous melanoma patients, and they support the rationale for evaluating the prognostic significance of TP53 in other cohorts of melanoma patients. Cancer 2017;123:1372–1381. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
RICS‐DFA: a space and time‐efficient signature matching algorithm with Reduced Input Character Set
Authors: Tang Qiu , Jiang Lei , Dai Qiong , Su Majing , Xie Hongtao , Fang Binxing 
Published: December 2016

SummaryRegular expression matching as a core component of deep packet inspection is widely used in various kinds of modern network intrusion detection system, traffic classification system, network monitoring system, and so on. In these systems, regular expressions are typically converted to a deterministic finite automaton (DFA), which takes O(1) to scan each input character. However, DFA generally consumes a large amount of memory. This paper proposes a novel, space‐efficient and time‐efficient DFA presentation, called reduced input character set DFA (RICS‐DFA). A character escaping and replacing scheme is first introduced to decrease the size of DFA's character set and then to reduce DFA's space requirement with a series of optimization techniques. Based on transition rewriting, a RICS‐DFA constructing algorithm with time complexity of O(n) is presented in this paper. For real rule‐sets, RICS‐DFA reduces the memory consumption by 68–92%, compared with the original DFA. Finally, this paper designs a scalable RICS‐DFA matching engine on field‐programmable gate array platform in which the reduced state transition matrix is mapped to on‐chip memories. The throughput of executing deep packet inspection for real rule‐sets can achieve 7–50.5 Gbps. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Timely address space rerandomization for resisting code reuse attacks
Authors: Chen Xiaoquan , Xue Rui , Wu Chuankun 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe major weakness of address space layout randomization is the address space of the program being randomized only once at loading. Therefore, it cannot prevent those advanced code reuse attacks, such as just‐in‐time return‐oriented programming. In view of this situation, we propose an instantaneous and continual address space rerandomization approach, called just‐in‐time address space rerandomization (JIT‐ASR) to thwart the attack. The JIT‐ASR uses the virtual memory management and can ceaselessly change the program's address space by modifying the virtual page number of the code address and page table at runtime. In this way, the address space of the program will change continually. This mechanism will make the addresses used by the attacker become stale, and the attack payload cannot be performed successfully. To demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of JIT‐ASR, we apply it to SPEC CPU2006 benchmark suite. The evaluation results and security analysis show that JIT‐ASR can resist the code reuse attacks, especially just‐in‐time return‐oriented programming, and yield low runtime performance overhead (1.2% on average on the SPEC CPU2006 benchmark).
Simultaneous Upgrading of Furanics and Phenolics through Hydroxyalkylation/Aldol Condensation Reactions
Authors: Bui Tuong V. , Sooknoi Tawan , Resasco Daniel E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe simultaneous conversion of cyclopentanone and m‐cresol has been investigated on a series of solid‐acid catalysts. Both compounds are representative of biomass‐derived streams. Cyclopentanone can be readily obtained from sugar‐derived furfurals through Piancatelli rearrangement under reducing conditions. Cresol represents a family of phenolic compounds, typically obtained from the depolymerization of lignin. In the first biomass conversion strategy proposed here, furfural is converted in high yields and selectivity to cyclopentanone (CPO) over metal catalysts such as Pd‐Fe/SiO2 at 600 psi (∼4.14 MPa) H2 and 150 °C. Subsequently, CPO and cresol are further converted through acid‐catalyzed hydroxyalkylation. This C−C coupling reaction may be used to generate products in the molecular weight range that is appropriate for transportation fuels. As molecules beyond this range may be undesirable for fuel production, a catalyst with a suitable porous structure may be advantageous for controlling the product distribution in the desirable range. If Amberlyst resins were used as a catalyst, C12–C24 products were obtained whereas when zeolites with smaller pore sizes were used, they selectively produced C10 products. Alternatively, CPO can undergo the acid‐catalyzed self‐aldol condensation to form C10 bicyclic adducts. As an illustration of the potential for practical implementation of this strategy for biofuel production, the long‐chain oxygenates obtained from hydroxyalkylation/aldol condensation were successfully upgraded through hydrodeoxygenation to a mixture of linear alkanes and saturated cyclic hydrocarbons, which in practice would be direct drop‐in components for transportation fuels. Aqueous acidic environments, which are typically encountered during the liquid‐phase upgrading of bio‐oils, would inhibit the efficiency of base‐catalyzed processes. Therefore, the proposed acid‐catalyzed upgrading strategy is advantageous for biomass conversion in terms of process simplicity.