bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of polyethyleneimine‐anchored copper(II) complexes with tRNA studied by spectroscopy methods and biological activities
Authors: Lakshmipraba Jagadeesan , Arunachalam Sankaralingam , Gandi Devadas A. , Thirunalasundari Thyagarajan , Vignesh Sivanandham , James Rathinam A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractUltraviolet–visible, emission and circular dichroism spectroscopic methods were used in transfer RNA (tRNA) interaction studies performed for polyethyleneimine–copper(II) complexes [Cu(phen)(l‐Tyr)BPEI]ClO4 (where phen =1,10‐phenanthroline, l‐Tyr = l‐tyrosine and BPEI = branched polyethyleneimine) with various degrees of coordination (x = 0.059, 0.149, 0.182) in the polymer chain. The results indicated that polyethyleneimine–copper(II) complexes bind with tRNA mostly through surface binding, although other binding modes, such as hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions, might also be present. Dye‐exclusion, sulforhodamine B and 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays of a polyethyleneimine–copper(II) complex with a higher degree of coordination against different cancer cell lines proved that the complex exhibited cytotoxic specificity and a significant cancer cell inhibition rate. Antimicrobial screening showed activity against some human pathogens.
Orange‐red emitting europium doped strontium ortho‐silicate phosphor prepared by a solid state reaction method
Authors: Sahu Ishwar Prasad 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the present article we report europium‐doped strontium ortho‐silicates, namely Sr2SiO4:xEu3+ (x = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 or 3.0 mol%) phosphors, prepared by solid state reaction method. The crystal structures of the sintered phosphors were consistent with orthorhombic crystallography with a Pmna space group. The chemical compositions of the sintered phosphors were confirmed by energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). Thermoluminescence (TL) kinetic parameters such as activation energy, order of kinetics and frequency factors were calculated by the peak shape method. Orange‐red emission originating from the 5D0–7FJ (J = 0, 1, 2, 3) transitions of Eu3+ ions could clearly be observed after samples were excited at 395 nm. The combination of these emissions constituted orange‐red light as indicated on the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity diagram. Mechanoluminescence (ML) intensity of the prepared phosphor increased linearly with increasing impact velocity of the moving piston that suggests that these phosphors can also be used as sensors to detect the stress of an object. Thus, the present investigation indicates that the piezo‐electricity was responsible for producing ML in the prepared phosphor.
Micellar liquid chromatographic determination of metformin hydrochloride using fluorimetric detection after pre‐column derivatization: application to pharmacokinetic parameters in immediate and sustained release formulations
Authors: Wahba Mary E.K. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAn accurate and selective method using micellar liquid chromatography was developed to determine metformin hydrochloride both in its pharmaceutical dosage forms and human plasma. Separation was conducted using a Zorbax SB‐Phenyl (250 × 4.6 mm id) stainless steel column at ambient temperature after pre‐column derivatization with 9,10‐phenanthraquinone. A mobile phase composed of 0.1 M sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10% 1‐propanol and triethylamine (0.3%) in 0.02 M phosphoric acid, adjusted to pH 2.5, was used at a flow rate of 1 ml/min with fluorimetric detection at 450 nm after excitation at 306 nm. The proposed method showed high sensitivity with limit of quantification of 0.35 μg/ml and limit of detection of 0.23 μg/ml, being linear from 0.5 to 3.0 μg/ml. Being highly sensitive, the method could be applied to spiked human plasma, and also to follow the pharmacokinetic parameters of the studied drug in healthy volunteers after administration of both its immediate and sustained release tablet formulations. Such procedures were carried out without any extraction steps, which improves the accuracy and precision of the proposed method when applied to human plasma. Detailed validation procedures were also carried out giving results in accordance with the comparison method. The proposed method has also the advantage of being environmentally safe, where the use of organic solvents is highly limited in comparison with other traditional chromatographic separation methods that depend mainly on a high proportion of organic modifiers. This concept, in turn, emphasizes the application of green chemistry in the analysis of pharmaceutical products. The simplicity, relatively low cost and short analysis time of the suggested method makes it a candidate for routine quality control work.
President's Page
Authors: Caidi Nadia 
Published: August 2016

EDITOR'S SUMMARYASIS&T president Nadia Caidi announces incoming board members for the positions of president‐elect, treasurer and directors‐at‐large and recognizes the volunteer service of dedicated members in a variety of activities. The search for a director to succeed Dick Hill and interviews with applicants for the position of communications officer continue, while the steadfast team at ASIS&T headquarters maintains operations and member services. The Association's first Meet the Authors webinar, exploring search engine manipulation, was stimulating, and doctoral students' videos on their research will soon be viewable online. Google Scholar metrics for June 2016 reaffirm the leading position of ASIS&T publications for the information science community. The upcoming ASIS&T Annual Meeting in Copenhagen and other fall 2016 meetings in Europe offer valuable opportunities for learning, networking and career growth.
The ineffectiveness of counterclaim advertising for increasing consumer sentiment
Authors: Coker Brent 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWhen a brand is disliked, one strategy used to improve consumer sentiment is to make counter‐claims against the reason for dislike. But little is known about the effectiveness of this strategy, or the effect this strategy has on differential judgements towards the brand. Two experimental studies are conducted to shed light on the effectiveness of counterclaim advertising. The results find evidence to suggest that counter‐claim advertising may actually worsen sentiment towards the brand, when the brand is already disliked. The findings suggest that brands do not try to directly counter known reasons for dislike, but instead formulate alternative ways to rebuild trust. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phytochemical and Cytogenetic Characterization ofCentaurea solstitialisL. (Asteraceae) from Croatia
Authors: Carev Ivana , Ruščić Mirko , Skočibušić Mirjana , Maravić Ana , Siljak‐Yakovlev Sonja , Politeo Olivera 
Published: August 2016

The cytogenetic characterization ofCentaurea solstitialisL. (Asteraceae) showed a chromosome number of 2n = 16. Karyotype is composed by four pairs of metacentric, two pairs of submetacentric and two pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes. Physical mapping of tworDNAprobes revealed two loci of 35S and one locus of 5SrRNAgenes. Chromomycin fluorochrome banding revealed that allrDNAloci wereGCrich. The genome size (2C‐value) of 1.95 pg classes this species in the group of very small genomes. Chemical composition ofC. solstitialisvolatile oil (VO) from Croatia, studied with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed dominant components as it follows: hexadecanoic acid,α‐linolenic acid, germacrene D and heptacosane. Antioxidant capacity, measured by ferric reducing power assay and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl methods, as well as inhibition of acetyl‐ and butyrylcholinesterase of VO was lower comparing to a standard solutions. Volatile oil tested with disc diffusion method showed good inhibitory potential againstPseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coliand all tested fungi:Candida albicans,Penicillium funiculosumandAspergillus fumigatus. The microdilution method showed best activity againstChronobacter sakazakiiandA. fumigatus.
Layered Antiferromagnetic Ordering in the Most Active Perovskite Catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lim Tingbin , Niemantsverdriet J. W. (Hans) , Gracia Jose 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe have performed an in‐depth ab initio study of the magnetic structure within the most active perovskites for the oxygen evolution reaction. In all cases, the ground state exhibits an extended antiferromagnetic coupling in the unit cell. Layered antiparallel alignment of the magnetic moments appears to be related to their electrocatalytic activity. All the perovskites calculated within this paper show space‐separated charge‐transport channels depending on the spin orientation. Comparing the electronic structures with the reported activities, we find a direct correlation between the magnetic accumulation on the spin channels in the bulk material and the catalytic activity. We discuss the possible implications of such observations in terms of magnetic interactions. During oxygen evolution in water electrolysis, reactants and products do not preserve spin. For triplet state oxygen to evolve, the catalyst at the anode can speed up the reaction if it is able to balance the magnetism of the oxygen molecule by extracting electrons with an opposite magnetic moment, conserving the overall spin.
A Pd/CeO2 “H2 Pump” for the Direct Amination of Alcohols
Authors: Yan Zhen , Tomer Ajay , Perrussel Gaetan , Ousmane Mohamad , Katryniok Benjamin , Dumeignil Franck , Ponchel Anne , Liebens Armin , Pera‐Titus Marc 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA Pd/CeO2 catalyst with a prominent reversible H2 storage capacity revealed a high activity and selectivity in the direct amination of benzyl alcohol with aniline and ammonia via the borrowing hydrogen mechanism.
Recent Developments in the Nitroxide‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Amines: Preparation of Imines and Nitriles
Authors: Bartelson Ashley L. , Lambert Kyle M. , Bobbitt James M. , Bailey William F. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis Concept highlights the discovery and developments in the oxidations of amines catalyzed by TEMPO (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyl‐N‐oxyl) and related catalytic systems. The most important feature of these systems is that, with slight modifications in the reaction media, amines are selectively oxidized to either an imine or nitrile. Progress made toward the oxidation of various benzylic, allylic, and aliphatic amines, and possible reaction mechanism pathways are discussed.
Insights into Deactivation and Regeneration of an Industrial Cu/Ni/Cr‐Al2O3 Catalyst During Aldehyde Hydrogenation
Authors: Reinsdorf Arne , Korth Wolfgang , Jess Andreas , Terock Michael , Klasovsky Florian , Franke Robert 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe deactivation of a heterogeneous Cu/Ni/Cr‐Al2O3 aldehyde hydrogenation catalyst was studied using n‐nonyl aldehyde as model reactant. The reaction network was experimentally determined in batch experiments at 180 °C and 25 bar with either fresh or spent catalyst and also w/o the presence of the catalyst. Accelerated aging was applied to stress the fresh catalyst under model reaction conditions for characterization and comparison to a spent catalyst from an industrial plant. The catalyst structure and morphology were studied by XRD and TEM/EDX. The carbon residues that strongly adsorb on the catalyst surface during hydrogenation were analyzed by BET, TGA, extraction, and chemical disintegration. The amount of strongly adsorbed heavy hydrocarbons was 10 w % for the spent catalyst, causing a decrease in pore volume by 30 %. Regeneration of the catalyst was successfully conducted via oxidation of the carbon residues.
Carbon Dioxide Based N‐Formylation of Amines Catalyzed by Fluoride and Hydroxide Anions
Authors: Hulla Martin , Bobbink Felix D. , Das Shoubhik , Dyson Paul J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe described herein a simple approach for N‐formylation with CO2 and hydrosilane reducing agents. Fluoride and hydroxide salts efficiently catalyzed the reaction, principally through activation of the hydrosilanes, which led to hydrosilane reactivities comparable to those of NaBH4/LiAlH4. Consequently, the N‐formylation of amines with CO2 could be achieved at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The mechanism of these anionic catalysts contrasts that of the currently reported systems, for which activation of CO2 is the key mechanistic step. Using tetrabutylammonium fluoride as a simple ammonium salt catalyst, the N‐formylated products of both aliphatic and aromatic amines could be obtained in excellent yields with high selectivities.
Electrocardiographic Time to Intrinsicoid Deflection and Heart Failure: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: O'Neal Wesley T. , Qureshi Waqas T. , Nazarian Saman , Kawel‐Boehm Nadine , Bluemke David A. , Lima Joao A.C. , Soliman Elsayed Z. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundTime to intrinsicoid deflection (ID), the time from onset of the QRS complex to the peak of the R wave on the electrocardiogram, represents delayed ventricular activation and suggests that impaired myocardial function is present. It is unknown whether delayed time to ID is predictive of future heart failure (HF) events.HypothesisDelayed time to ID is predictive of future HF events.MethodsA total of 6394 participants (mean age, 62 ± 10 years; 54% women; 38% whites, 28% blacks, 22% Hispanics, 12% Chinese Americans) without clinically apparent cardiovascular disease or major ventricular conduction delay (QRS ≥120 ms) from the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis were included. Time to ID was automatically measured from baseline electrocardiograms (2000–2002) as the maximum value in leads V5
and V6
. Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between time to ID and HF.ResultsOver a median follow‐up of 11.2 years, a total of 217 (3.4%) participants developed HF (incidence rate per 1000 person‐years: 3.33, 95% CI: 2.91‐3.80). In a multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and potential confounders, each 10‐ms increase in maximum time to ID was associated with an increased risk for HF (HR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.15‐1.74). The results remained similar when stratified by age, sex, and race/ethnicity.ConclusionsDelayed time to ID is able to identify individuals at risk for developing HF before major ventricular conduction delays (eg, bundle branch block) are evident.
Flavonoids and Naphthoflavonoids: Wider Roles in the Modulation of Cytochrome P450 Family 1 Enzymes
Authors: Dong Jinyun , Zhang Qijing , Cui Qing , Huang Guang , Pan Xiaoyan , Li Shaoshun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe human cytochrome P450 family 1 enzymes consist of three members, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1, which are predominantly involved in the phase I metabolism of xenobiotics. Because they have been implicated in carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and drug resistance, the inhibition of these enzymes has been widely considered an effective oncological therapeutic strategy. Some natural and synthetic flavonoids and naphthoflavonoids have been extensively documented to exert pronounced influence in the modulation of CYP1s, including functioning as inhibitors, substrates, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands. However, the molecular determinants behind these effects are still unknown. This review summarizes the structural features responsible for the CYP1 inhibitory effects of the reported flavonoids and naphthoflavonoids. Additionally, a three‐dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship (3D‐QSAR) study was performed to better understand the effect of their structural properties on biological activities. We hope this review provides a useful foundation for the rational design of potent and selective CYP1 isozyme inhibitors, thereby accelerating the drug discovery process.
MOS‐only reduced‐order ELIN cochlear channels: comparative performance evaluation
Authors: Houssein Alexandros , Drakakis Emmanuel 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis paper introduces and applies practical area‐reduction techniques on the analogue, externally linear‐internally nonlinear, complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) implementation of a cochlear channel. This channel is constructed on the basis of the biomimetic auditory filter called One‐Zero Gammatone Filter, and it has been synthesised using ultra‐low power Class‐AB biquadratic filters, which employ MOS transistors that operate in their weak inversion regime. The realisation of linear capacitors with appropriately configured MOS transistors, the order reduction of the One‐Zero Gammatone Filter transfer function and the employment of hyperbolic sine companding filters can lead to area reductions that range from 61.8% up to 91.9% of the original size. Comparative simulation results highlight the trade‐offs between performance, linearity, noise and power consumption of the designs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of Bremia lactucae and Oidium neolycopersici proteins extracted for intact spore MALDI mass spectrometric biotyping
Authors: Beinhauer Jana , Lenobel René , Loginov Dmitry , Chamrád Ivo , Řehulka Pavel , Sedlářová Michaela , Marchetti‐Deschmann Martina , Allmaier Günter , Šebela Marek 
Published: August 2016

Several proteomic approaches were applied to identify protein markers providing typical signals during intact cell/spore (IC/IS) MALDI‐TOF MS of two plant pathogens, namely Bremia lactucae (a downy mildew) and Oidium neolycopersici (a powdery mildew). First, proteins were extracted from intact spores of the microorganisms under conditions simulating their treatment prior to the mass spectrometric analysis. After a separation by electrophoresis and tryptic digestion, 198 and 140 proteins were identified in the B. lactucae and O. neolycopersici extracts, respectively. A large portion of them were found to be involved in the process of protein biosynthesis. For the first time, some proteins were assigned to characteristic signals in MS profiles of the investigated pathogens based on an agreement in the molecular mass. There were 9 and 10 proteins recognized, respectively, which could contribute significantly to the spectral patterns. These proteins were assigned tentatively to the following peaks in the MS profiles: (i) m/z 7828; 8593; 10 456; 11 312; 12 450; 12 763; 14 756 and 16 854 for B. lactucae; (ii) m/z 7709; 8895; 9504; 9952; 11 317; 14 082 and 14 839 for O. neolycopersici. We demonstrated the presence of ribosomal proteins and histones, which could be employed as markers in biotyping analyses for pathogen identification.
A finite element model for seismic response analysis of deformable rocking frames
Authors: Vassiliou Michalis F. , Mackie Kevin R. , Stojadinović Božidar 
Published: August 2016

SummaryA new finite element model to analyze the seismic response of deformable rocking bodies and rocking structures is presented. The model comprises a set of beam elements to represent the rocking body and zero‐length fiber cross‐section elements at the ends of the rocking body to represent the rocking surfaces. The energy dissipation during rocking motion is modeled using a Hilber–Hughes–Taylor numerically dissipative time step integration scheme. The model is verified through correct prediction of the horizontal and vertical displacements of a rigid rocking block and validated against the analytical Housner model solution for the rocking response of rigid bodies subjected to ground motion excitation. The proposed model is augmented by a dissipative model of the ground under the rocking surface to facilitate modeling of the rocking response of deformable bodies and structures. The augmented model is used to compute the overturning and uplift rocking response spectra for a deformable rocking frame structure to symmetric and anti‐symmetric Ricker pulse ground motion excitation. It is found that the deformability of the columns of a rocking frame does not jeopardize its stability under Ricker pulse ground motion excitation. In fact, there are cases where a deformable rocking frame is more stable than its rigid counterpart. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shaking table tests on dome‐roof adobe houses
Authors: Bakhshi Ali , Ghannad MohammadAli , Yekrangnia Mohammad , Masaeli Hamid 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis paper presents the results of an experimental work in order to evaluate the performance of a novel proposed retrofitting technique on a typical dome‐roof adobe building by shaking table tests. For this purpose, two specimens, scaled 2:3, were subjected to a total of nine shaking table tests. The unretrofitted specimen, constructed by common practice, is designed to evaluate seismic performance and vulnerability of dome‐roof adobe houses. The retrofitted specimen, exactly duplicating the first specimen, is retrofitted based on the results obtained from unretrofitted specimen tests, and the improvement in seismic behavior of the structure is investigated. Zarand earthquake (2005) Chatrood Station is selected as the input ground motion that was applied consecutively at 25, 100, 125, 150 and 175% of the design‐level excitation. At 125% excitation level, the roof of the unretofitted specimen collapsed due to the walls' out‐of‐plane action and imbalanced forces. The retrofitting elements consist of eight horizontal steel rods drilled into the walls, passed through the specimen and bolted on the opposite wall surfaces. To improve walls in‐plane seismic performance, welded steel mesh without using mortar, covered less than half area of walls on the external face of the walls, is used. In addition to strain gauges for recording steel rod responses, several instrumentations including acceleration and displacement transducers are implemented to capture response time histories of different parts of the specimens. The corresponding full‐scaled retrofitted prototype tolerated peak acceleration of 0.62 g almost without any serious damage. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Soil moisture causes dynamic adjustments to root reinforcement that reduce slope stability
Authors: Hales Tristram C. , Miniat Chelcy F. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn steep soil‐mantled landscapes, the initiation of shallow landslides is strongly controlled by the distribution of vegetation, whose roots reinforce the soil. The magnitude of root reinforcement depends on the number, diameter distribution, orientation and the mechanical properties of roots that cross potential failure planes. Understanding how these properties vary in space and time in forests remains a significant challenge. Here we test the hypothesis that spatio‐temporal variations in root reinforcement along a hillslope occur as a function of topographic soil moisture gradients. To test this hypothesis we compared root reinforcement measurements from relatively dry, divergent noses to relatively wet, convergent hollows in the southern Appalachian Mountains, North Carolina, USA. Our initial results showed that root reinforcement decreased in areas of higher soil moisture because the tensile strength of roots decreased. A post hoc laboratory experiment further demonstrated that root tensile strength decreased as root moisture content increased. This effect is consistent with other experiments on stem woods showing that increased water content in the cell wall decreases tensile strength. Our experimental data demonstrated that roots can adjust to changes in the external root moisture conditions within hours, suggesting that root moisture content will change over the timescale of large storm events (hours–days). We assessed the effects of the dynamic changes in root tensile strength to the magnitude of apparent cohesion within the infinite slope stability model. Slopes can be considerably less stable when precipitation‐driven increases in saturated soil depth both increase pore pressures and decrease root reinforcement. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.