bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocular screening adherence across Hispanic/Latino heritage groups with diabetes: results from the Ocular SOL ancillary to the Miami site of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Tannenbaum Stacey L , McClure Laura A , Zheng D Diane , Lam Byron L , Arheart Kristopher L , Joslin Charlotte E , Talavera Gregory A , Lee David J 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of ocular screening adherence among select Hispanics/Latinos living with diabetes.Research design and methodsData were obtained through an ancillary study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (Miami site). Participants included Hispanics/Latinos aged 40+ years who underwent a baseline examination/risk factor assessment (2008–2011) and then completed a survey on vision health/knowledge (conducted October 2011–September 2013; sample n=1235; diabetic subsample=264). The dependent variable was having a dilated eye examination within the past 12 months. Covariate candidate selection for entry into sequential multivariable logistic regression models was guided by Anderson's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use and the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations.ResultsParticipants aged 65+ were more likely to have dilated eye examinations (OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.22 to 5.60) compared with those aged 40–54 years. Participants less likely to have dilated examinations had a high school degree or general educational development (GED) (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.96, compared to no degree) and those currently uninsured or never insured ((OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.83) and (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.51)) compared to those currently insured. Participants who heard or saw something about eye health from two or more sources (eg, media outlets, doctor's office, relatives/friends) compared to those who reported no sources in the past 12 months were more likely to have a dilated eye examination (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.26 to 6.28).ConclusionsLack of health insurance is strongly associated with low screening uptake in Hispanics/Latinos living with diabetes. Health promotion strategies stressing the importance of annual dilated eye examinations and increasing sources of information on eye health are other potential strategies to increase screening uptake in Hispanics/Latinos.
The QuickWee trial: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of gentle suprapubic cutaneous stimulation to hasten non-invasive urine collection from infants
Authors: Kaufman Jonathan , Fitzpatrick Patrick , Tosif Shidan , Hopper Sandy M , Bryant Penelope A , Donath Susan M , Babl Franz E 
Published: August 2016

IntroductionUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in young children. Urine sample collection is required to diagnose or exclude UTI; however, current collection methods for pre-continent children all have limitations and guidelines vary. Clean catch urine (CCU) collection is a common and favoured non-invasive collection method, despite its high contamination rates and time-consuming nature. This study aims to establish whether gentle suprapubic cutaneous stimulation with cold fluid-soaked gauze can improve the rate of voiding for CCU within 5 min in young pre-continent children.Methods and analysisThis study is a randomised controlled trial of 354 infants (aged 1–12 months) who require urine sample collection, conducted in a single emergency department in a tertiary paediatric hospital in Melbourne, Australia. After standard urogenital cleaning, patients will be randomised to either a novel technique of suprapubic cutaneous stimulation using cold saline-soaked gauze in circular motions or no stimulation. The study period is 5 min, after which care is determined by the treating clinician if a urine sample has not been collected. Primary outcome: whether the child voids within 5 min (yes/no). Secondary outcomes: parental and clinician satisfaction with the method, success in catching a urine sample if the child voids, and sample contamination rates. This trial will allow the definitive assessment of this novel technique, gentle suprapubic cutaneous stimulation with cold saline-soaked gauze, and its utility to hasten non-invasive urine collection in infants.Ethics and disseminationThe study has hospital ethics approval and is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry—ACTRN12615000754549. The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberACTRN12615000754549; Pre-results.
Reporting of financial and non-financial conflicts of interest by authors of systematic reviews: a methodological survey
Authors: Hakoum Maram B , Anouti Sirine , Al-Gibbawi Mounir , Abou-Jaoude Elias A , Hasbani Divina Justina , Lopes Luciane Cruz , Agarwal Arnav , Guyatt Gordon , Akl Elie A 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundConflicts of interest may bias the findings of systematic reviews. The objective of this methodological survey was to assess the frequency and different types of conflicts of interest that authors of Cochrane and non-Cochrane systematic reviews report.MethodsWe searched for systematic reviews using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Ovid MEDLINE (limited to the 119 Core Clinical Journals and the year 2015). We defined a conflict of interest disclosure as the reporting of whether a conflict of interest exists or not, and used a framework to classify conflicts of interest into individual (financial, professional and intellectual) and institutional (financial and advocatory) conflicts of interest. We conducted descriptive and regression analyses.ResultsOf the 200 systematic reviews, 194 (97%) reported authors' conflicts of interest disclosures, typically in the main document, and in a few cases either online (2%) or on request (5%). Of the 194 Cochrane and non-Cochrane reviews, 49% and 33%, respectively, had at least one author reporting any type of conflict of interest (p=0.023). Institutional conflicts of interest were less frequently reported than individual conflicts of interest, and Cochrane reviews were more likely to report individual intellectual conflicts of interest compared with non-Cochrane reviews (19% and 5%, respectively, p=0.004). Regression analyses showed a positive association between reporting of conflicts of interest (at least one type of conflict of interest, individual financial conflict of interest, institutional financial conflict of interest) and journal impact factor and between reporting individual financial conflicts of interest and pharmacological versus non-pharmacological intervention.ConclusionsAlthough close to half of the published systematic reviews report that authors (typically many) have conflicts of interest, more than half report that they do not. Authors reported individual conflicts of interest more frequently than institutional and non-financial conflicts of interest.
Evaluating the experiences and support needs of people living with chronic cancer: development and initial validation of the Chronic Cancer Experiences Questionnaire (CCEQ)
Authors: Harley Clare , Pini Simon , Kenyon Lucille , Daffu-O'Reilly Amrit , Velikova Galina 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundMany advanced cancers are managed as chronic diseases, yet there are currently no international guidelines for the support of patients living with chronic cancer. It is important to understand whether care and service arrangements meet the needs of this rapidly growing patient group. This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to capture patients' experiences of living with chronic cancer and their views of clinical and support services.MethodsThe research was carried out between 1 July 2010 and 21 February 2013. A conceptual framework and initial item bank were derived from prior interviews with 56 patients with chronic cancer. Items were reviewed by 4 oncologists and 1 clinical nurse specialist and during 2 focus groups with 9 patients. Pilot questionnaires were completed by 416 patients across 5 cancer units. Item selection and scale reliability was explored using descriptive data, exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency analyses, multitrait scaling analyses and known-groups comparisons.ResultsThe final Chronic Cancer Experiences Questionnaire (CCEQ) includes 75 items. 62 items contribute to 14 subscales with internal consistency between α 0·68–0·88 and minimal scaling errors. Known-groups comparisons confirmed subscale utility in distinguishing between patient groups. Subscales were labelled: managing appointments, coordination of care, general practitioner involvement, clinical trials, information and questions, making treatment decisions, symptom non-reporting, key worker, limitations, sustaining normality, financial advice, worries and anxieties, sharing feelings with others, and accessing support. 13 items assessing symptom experiences were retained as single items.ConclusionsThe CCEQ has the potential to be used as a clinical instrument to assess patient experiences of chronic cancer or to screen for patient needs. It may also be used as an outcome measure for evaluating programmes and models of care and may identify areas for service development that could ultimately improve the care and support received by patients with chronic cancer.
In vitro comparison of intracranial stent visibility using various concentrations of gadolinium contrast agent under 1.5 T and 3 T MR angiography
Authors: Chiang Chen-Hua , Tseng Ying-Chi , Chen Ai-Chi , Huang Yen-Lin , Chen David Yen-Ting , Chen Chi-Jen , Lin Yen-Kuang , Hsu Hui-Ling 
Published: August 2016

Background and purposeMR angiography (MRA) is an increasingly used evaluation method following intracranial stenting. However, the various artifacts created by the stent limit this technique. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various concentrations of gadolinium contrast agent on the visibility and signal characteristics of two stents using the a contrast enhanced MRA technique.Material and methodTwo intracranial stents (Enterprise and Helistent) were placed in polyvinyl chloride tubes as vascular phantoms. They were filled with six different doses of gadolinium contrast agent (1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 10.0 mmol/L dimeglumine gadopentetate, respectively) and imaged using 3 T and 1.5 T MR systems. Relative in-stent signal (RIS) was calculated and artificial luminal narrowing (ALN) was obtained using pixel by pixel analysis.ResultThe Enterprise stent, performed in both 1.5 T and 3 T MR systems, showed mean RIS values much less than those for the Helistent for all different doses of gadolinium solution. Increased gadolinium concentration resulted in a gradual reduction in RIS values in the Enterprise group. Also, ALN in the Enterprise group showed no or little change with various gadolinium doses.ConclusionsThe Enterprise stent demonstrated good luminal visibility regardless of gadolinium concentration. The relative in-stent signals were more predictable in the Enterprise stent with various doses of gadolinium. Therefore, the Enterprise stent has been shown to provide better in-stent visibility compared with the Helistent using various gadolinium doses.
Directing the Development of Constraint Languages by Checking Constraints on RDF Data
Authors: Hartmann Thomas , Zapilko Benjamin , Wackerow Joachim , Eckert Kai 
Published: August 2016

For research institutes, data libraries, and data archives, validating RDF data according to predefined constraints is a much sought-after feature, particularly as this is taken for granted in the XML world. Based on our work in two international working groups on RDF validation and jointly identified requirements to formulate constraints and validate RDF data, we have published 81 types of constraints that are required by various stakeholders for data applications. In this paper, we evaluate the usability of identified constraint types for assessing RDF data quality by (1) collecting and classifying 115 constraints on vocabularies commonly used in the social, behavioral, and economic sciences, either from the vocabularies themselves or from domain experts, and (2) validating 15,694 data sets (4.26 billion triples) of research data against these constraints. We classify each constraint according to (1) the severity of occurring violations and (2) based on which types of constraint languages are able to express its constraint type. Based on the large-scale evaluation, we formulate several findings to direct the further development of constraint languages.
Association of Weight and Body Composition on Cardiac Structure and Function in the ARIC Study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities)
Authors: Bello Natalie A. , Cheng Susan , Claggett Brian , Shah Amil M. , Ndumele Chiadi E. , Roca Gabriela Querejeta , Santos Angela B.S. , Gupta Deepak , Vardeny Orly , Aguilar David , Folsom Aaron R. , Butler Kenneth R. , Kitzman Dalane W. , Coresh Josef , Solomon Scott D. 
Published: August 2016

Background—
Obesity increases cardiovascular risk. However, the extent to which various measures of body composition are associated with abnormalities in cardiac structure and function, independent of comorbidities commonly affecting obese individuals, is not clear. This study sought to examine the relationship between body mass index, waist circumference, and percent body fat with conventional and advanced measures of cardiac structure and function.

Methods and Results—

We studied 4343 participants of the ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) who were aged 69 to 82 years, free of coronary heart disease and heart failure, and underwent comprehensive echocardiography. Increasing body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat were associated with greater left ventricular (LV) mass and left atrial volume indexed to height
2.7
in both men and women (
P
<0.001). In women, all 3 measures were associated with abnormal LV geometry, and increasing waist circumference and body fat were associated with worse global longitudinal strain, a measure of LV systolic function. In both sexes, increasing body mass index was associated with greater right ventricular end-diastolic area and worse right ventricular fractional area change (
P
≤0.001). We observed similar associations for both waist circumference and percent body fat.

Conclusions—
In a large, biracial cohort of older adults free of clinically overt coronary heart disease or heart failure, obesity was associated with subclinical abnormalities in cardiac structure in both men and women and with adverse LV remodeling and impaired LV systolic function in women. These data highlight the association of obesity and subclinical abnormalities of cardiac structure and function, particularly in women.
Sex Differences in Nonculprit Coronary Plaque Microstructures on Frequency-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Acute Coronary Syndromes and Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kataoka Yu , Puri Rishi , Hammadah Muhammad , Duggal Bhanu , Uno Kiyoko , Kapadia Samir R. , Tuzcu E. Murat , Nissen Steven E. , King Peta , Nicholls Stephen J. 
Published: August 2016

Background—
Numerous reports suggest sex-related differences in atherosclerosis. Frequency-domain optical coherence tomography has enabled visualization of plaque microstructures associated with disease instability. The prevalence of plaque microstructures between sexes has not been characterized. We investigated sex differences in plaque features in patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods and Results—

Nonculprit plaques on frequency-domain optical coherence tomography imaging were compared between men and women with either stable coronary artery disease (n=320) or acute coronary syndromes (n=115). A greater prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was observed in women. Nonculprit plaques in women with stable coronary artery disease were more likely to exhibit plaque erosion (8.6% versus 0.3%;
P
=0.03) and a smaller lipid arc (163.1±71.4° versus 211.2±71.2°;
P
=0.03), and less likely to harbor cholesterol crystals (17.2% versus 27.5%;
P
=0.01) and calcification (15.4% versus 34.4%;
P
=0.008), whereas fibrous cap thickness (105.2±62.1 versus 96.1±40.4 µm;
P
=0.57), the prevalence of thin-cap fibroatheroma (26.5% versus 25.2%;
P
=0.85), and microchannels (19.2% versus 20.5%;
P
=0.95) were comparable. In women with acute coronary syndrome, a smaller lipid arc (171.6±53.2° versus 235.8±86.4°;
P
=0.03), a higher frequency of plaque erosion (11.4% versus 0.6%;
P
=0.04), and a lower prevalence of cholesterol crystal (28.6% versus 38.2%;
P
=0.03) and calcification (10.0% versus 23.7%;
P
=0.01) were observed. These differences persisted after adjusting clinical demographics. Although thin-cap fibroatheromas in men clustered within proximal arterial segments, thin-cap fibroatheromas were evenly distributed in women.

Conclusions—
Despite more comorbid risk factors in women, their nonculprit plaques exhibited more plaque erosion, and less cholesterol and calcium content. This distinct phenotype suggests sex-related differences in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
Routine Endovascular Treatment With a Stent Graft for Access-Site and Access-Related Vascular Injury in Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Sedaghat Alexander , Neumann Nils , Schahab Nadjib , Sinning Jan-Malte , Hammerstingl Christoph , Pingel Simon , Schaefer Christian , Mellert Fritz , Schiller Wolfgang , Welz Armin , Grube Eberhard , Nickenig Georg , Werner Nikos 
Published: August 2016

Background—
Access-site and access-related vascular injury (ASARVI) is still a major limiting factor in transcatheter aortic valve implantation and affects the outcome of patients. Management strategies for ASARVI include manual compression, stent grafts, and vascular surgery. We hypothesized that the standard use of a self-expanding stent graft for the management of ASARVI is feasible and safe.

Methods and Results—

Of 407 patients treated by transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation, 110 experienced ASARVI (27.0%). Of these, 96 (87.3%) were managed by the implantation of a self-expanding nitinol stent graft. In the majority of patients, minor vascular complications triggered the implantation of a stent graft (86.5%), mainly because of bleeding (90.6%) and dissection (5.2%) of the common femoral artery with high rates of primary treatment success (97.9%). Patients receiving stent grafts were more often female (62.2 versus 45.6%,
P
<0.01), had higher body mass indices (27.8±6.7 versus 25.7±4.7,
P
=0.01), and suffered more often from diabetes mellitus (34.4 versus 24.5%,
P
=0.04). Angiographic assessment after a median follow-up of 345 days (interquartile range, 23–745 days) revealed only one patient with moderate, asymptomatic instent-stenosis (1.0%). Compared with a propensity score–matched cohort of patients without ASARVI, stented patients had comparable long-term mortality, despite the occurrence of a vascular complication (1-year mortality: 17.7% versus 26.6%; stent versus matched cohort, respectively;
P
=0.1).

Conclusions—
Routine use of a self-expanding nitinol stent graft in selected patients experiencing ASARVI after transcatheter aortic valve implantation is feasible, safe, and associated with favorable short- and midterm clinical outcome.
Comparison of microbubble presence in the right heart during mechanochemical and radiofrequency ablation for varicose veins
Authors: Moon KH , Dharmarajah B , Bootun R , Lim CS , Lane TRA , Moore HM , Sritharan K , Davies AH 
Published: August 2016

Objective Mechanochemical ablation is a novel technique for ablation of varicose veins utilising a rotating catheter and liquid sclerosant. Mechanochemical ablation and radiofrequency ablation have no reported neurological side-effect but the rotating mechanism of mechanochemical ablation may produce microbubbles. Air emboli have been implicated as a cause of cerebrovascular events during ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy and microbubbles in the heart during ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy have been demonstrated. This study investigated the presence of microbubbles in the right heart during varicose vein ablation by mechanochemical abaltion and radiofrequency abaltion. Methods Patients undergoing great saphenous vein ablation by mechanochemical abaltion or radiofrequency ablation were recruited. During the ablative procedure, the presence of microbubbles was assessed using transthoracic echocardiogram. Offline blinded image quantification was performed using International Consensus Criteria grading guidelines. Results From 32 recruited patients, 28 data sets were analysed. Eleven underwent mechanochemical abaltion and 17 underwent radiofrequency abaltion. There were no neurological complications. In total, 39% (11/28) of patients had grade 1 or 2 microbubbles detected. Thirty-six percent (4/11) of mechanochemical abaltion patients and 29% (5/17) of radiofrequency ablation patients had microbubbles with no significant difference between the groups ( p=0.8065). Conclusion A comparable prevalence of microbubbles between mechanochemical abaltion and radiofrequency ablation both of which are lower than that previously reported for ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy suggests that mechanochemical abaltion may not confer the same risk of neurological events as ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy for treatment of varicose veins.
Parkes Weber syndrome—Diagnostic and management paradigms: A systematic review
Authors: Banzic Igor , Brankovic Milos , Maksimović Živan , Davidović Lazar , Marković Miroslav , Rančić Zoran 
Published: August 2016

Objectives Parkes Weber syndrome is a congenital vascular malformation which consists of capillary malformation, venous malformation, lymphatic malformation, and arteriovenous malformation. Although Parkes Weber syndrome is a clinically distinctive entity with serious complications, it is still frequently misdiagnosed as Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome that consists of the triad capillary malformation, venous malformation, and lymphatic malformation. Methods We performed a systematic review investigating clinical, diagnostic, and treatment modalities of Parkes Weber syndrome (PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases). Thirty-six publications (48 patients) fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Results The median age of patients was 23 years (IQR, 8–32), and 24 (50.0%) were males. Lower extremity was affected in 42 (87.5%) and upper extremity in 6 (12.5%) patients; 15 (31.3%) patients developed high-output heart failure; 12 (25.0%) patients had chronic venous ulcerations, whereas 4 (8.3%) manifested distal arterial ischemia. The spinal arteriovenous malformations were reported in six (12.5%) patients and coexistence of aneurysmatic disease in five (10.4%) patients. The most frequently utilized invasive treatments were embotherapy followed by amputation and surgical arteriovenous malformation resection, and occasionally stent-graft implantation. All modalities showed clinical improvement. However, long follow-up and outcome remained unclear. Conclusion A diagnosis of Parkes Weber syndrome should be made on the presence of capillary malformation, venous malformation, lymphatic malformation, and arteriovenous malformation (as main defect) in overgrowth extremity. Arteriovenous malformation presents the criterion for distinguishing Parkes Weber syndrome from Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, which is substantial for treatment strategy. The primary management goal should be patient's quality of life improvement and complication reduction. Embolization alone/combined with surgical resection targeting occlusion or removal of arteriovenous malformation “nidus” reliably leads to clinical improvement.