bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2‐(N‐Methylbenzyl)pyridine: A Potential Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier with Fast H2 Release and Stable Activity in Consecutive Cycles
Authors: Oh Jinho , Jeong Kwanyong , Kim Tae Wan , Kwon Hyunguk , Han Jeong Woo , Park Ji Hoon , Suh Young‐Woong 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) 2‐(N‐methylbenzyl)pyridine (MBP) shows good potential for H2 storage based on reversible hydrogenation and dehydrogenation, with an H2 storage density of 6.15 wt %. This material and the corresponding perhydro product (H12‐MBP) are liquids at room temperature. Remarkably, H2 release is much faster from H12‐MBP over Pd/C than from the benchmark perhydro benzyltoluene over Pt/C at lower temperatures than 270 °C, owing to the addition of N atom into the benzene ring. Since this positive effect is unfavorable to the hydrogenation reaction, more Ru/Al2O3 catalyst or prolonged reaction time must be applied for complete H2 storage. Experiments with repeated hydrogenation–dehydrogenation cycles reveal that reversible H2 storage and release are possible without degradation of the MBP/H12‐MBP pair. The prepared MBP satisfies the requirements for chemical stability, handling properties, and cytotoxicity testing.
A Strategy to Boost H2 Generation Ability of Metal–Organic Frameworks: Inside‐Outside Decoration for the Separation of Electrons and Holes
Authors: Wang Yang , Ling Lianjie , Zhang Wei , Ding Kejian , Yu Yu , Duan Wubiao , Liu Bo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInhibiting the recombination of electron and holes plays an essential role in photocatalytic process, particularly for metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which had long been anticipated as high‐efficient photocatalysts. Herein, we introduce a new strategy to make efficient separation of electrons and holes for the MOF‐based photocatalyst, UiO‐66‐NH2. At first, encapsulation of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) into UiO‐66‐NH2 (Pt@U6N) to shorten the electrons transport distance inside of MOF crystals, then using graphene oxide to wrap the external surface of Pt@U6N to facilitate the electrons transfer on the surface. The designed structure was found to possess superior H2‐generation ability compared to only inside or outside decorated samples, highlighting that the enhanced property strongly correlates with the inhibited recombination of electrons and holes by the inside/outside modification strategy. These findings suggest a synergistic effect of Pt NPs and graphene oxide on UiO‐66‐NH2 and reveal a new modification strategy to enhance the catalytic activity of the photocatalysts.
Ruthenium Ion‐Complexed Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets Supported on Reduced Graphene Oxide as High‐Performance Catalysts for Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Peng Yi , Pan Wanzhang , Wang Nan , Lu Jia‐En , Chen Shaowei 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Prof. Dr. Shaowei Chen at the University of California, Santa Cruz. Based on the Chinese legend of Niulang (
) and Zhinü (
), the image shows a hybrid consisting of reduced graphene oxide and ruthenium ions‐complexed graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets that can serve as effective catalysts toward the hydrogen evolution reaction. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201701880.
Quantitative assessment of cancer cell morphology and motility using telecentric digital holographic microscopy and machine learning
Authors: Lam Van K. , Nguyen Thanh C. , Chung Byung M. , Nehmetallah George , Raub Christopher B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe noninvasive, fast acquisition of quantitative phase maps using digital holographic microscopy (DHM) allows tracking of rapid cellular motility on transparent substrates. On two‐dimensional surfaces in vitro, MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cells assume several morphologies related to the mode of migration and substrate stiffness, relevant to mechanisms of cancer invasiveness in vivo. The quantitative phase information from DHM may accurately classify adhesive cancer cell subpopulations with clinical relevance. To test this, cells from the invasive breast cancer MDA‐MB‐231 cell line were cultured on glass, tissue‐culture treated polystyrene, and collagen hydrogels, and imaged with DHM followed by epifluorescence microscopy after staining F‐actin and nuclei. Trends in cell phase parameters were tracked on the different substrates, during cell division, and during matrix adhesion, relating them to F‐actin features. Support vector machine learning algorithms were trained and tested using parameters from holographic phase reconstructions and cell geometric features from conventional phase images, and used to distinguish between elongated and rounded cell morphologies. DHM was able to distinguish between elongated and rounded morphologies of MDA‐MB‐231 cells with 94% accuracy, compared to 83% accuracy using cell geometric features from conventional brightfield microscopy. This finding indicates the potential of DHM to detect and monitor cancer cell morphologies relevant to cell cycle phase status, substrate adhesion, and motility. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Directional core selection approach and dynamic tree reorganization for delay and delay variation multicast routing
Authors: Harutyunyan Hovhannes A. , Terzian Meghrig 
Published: December 2017

SummaryMulticast communication constrained by end‐to‐end and interdestination delay variation is known as delay and delay variation–bounded multicast. These constraints are salient for real‐time multicast communications. In this paper, we propose a directional core selection algorithm for core selection and delay variation–bounded multicast tree generation. Another algorithm, based on k‐shortest paths, is proposed to further decrease the interdestination delay variation of the trees generated by directional core selection. We also propose the dynamic version of both algorithms that respond to dynamic join and leave requests to the ongoing multicast session by reorganizing the tree and avoiding session disruption. Simulations show that the proposed algorithms surpass existing algorithms in end‐to‐end delay, interdestination delay variation, execution time, and failure probability.
Distributed Energy Efficient Tracking in Hybrid wireless sensor network (DEETH)
Authors: Nighot Mininath , Ghatol Ashok , Thakare Vilas 
Published: December 2017

SummaryIn wireless sensor network (WSN), it is a complex task to track the target when it is moving randomly in an unknown environment. It also becomes difficult to cover a complete searching area because of the limited searching range and energy of sensor nodes as they are few in number. The author proposes a distributed energy efficient tracking in a hybrid WSN (DEETH) to track a randomly moving target in an unknown searching. Hybrid WSN that is proposed has both static sensor nodes (SSNs) and mobile sensor nodes (MSNs), which are deployed in the searching area. The MSNs move collectively using particle swarm techniques to search a target. The SSNs are deployed for tracking the presence of a target and giving this information to the base station. As per the information given by SSN, MSNs travel to the target and track it. Simulation results prove that proposed technique successfully tracks the target using less number of nodes and also less amount of energy.
Generation and characterization of mice with mesenchyme‐specific deletion of the entire ESET histone methyltransferase protein
Authors: Yang Liu , Gee Albert O. , Zielinska‐Kwiatkowska Anna , Chansky Howard A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractESET protein (also known as SETDB1) catalyzes methylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3‐K9). In addition to the full‐length transcript, mouse ESET gene also gives rise to alternative spicing variants encoding truncated proteins capable of retaining interaction with other epigenetic enzymes. To completely eliminate full‐length ESET and its splicing variants, we have generated a conditional ESET allele with exon 4 flanked by two loxP sites for Cre‐mediated DNA deletion and downstream frame‐shift mutation of the entire coding region. Mating with Prx1‐Cre mice and analysis of the resultant embryos revealed that mesenchyme‐specific knockout of exon 4 completely eliminates full‐length ESET and its truncated protein products, leading to profound defects in both the flat bones and long bones, ectopic hypertrophy of growth plate chondrocytes and downregulation of Indian hedgehog protein. In addition, exon 4 deletion results in reduced thickness of articular cartilage in E17.5 embryos, whereas deletion of exons 15–16 fails to do so. These findings offer us a useful tool to further study epigenetic regulation in a truly ESET‐null background, and demonstrate that ESET plays a critical role in the control of chondrocyte hypertrophy and skeletal development.
Positive and negative interactions control a facilitation cascade
Authors: Gribben Paul E. , Kimbro David L. , Vergés Adriana , Gouhier Tarik C. , Burrell Samuel , Garthwin Ruby G. , Cagigas María Lastra , Tordoff Yasmin , Poore Alistair G. B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFacilitation cascades, which enhance the diversity of ecological communities in many ecosystems, have been viewed as the net outcome of positive species’ interactions. The strength and direction of these interactions, and thus the realized biodiversity, however, are likely to vary with the density and traits of the habitat‐formers and via negative interactions among interacting species. To test this, we manipulated the density and status (alive vs. dead) of a secondary habitat‐former, the razor clam Pinna sp., and measured responses by the primary habitat‐former, the seagrass Zostera muelleri, associated epifauna and infauna, and fish foraging behavior. At the plot level, for both live and dead clams, the total abundance of epifauna increased with clam density. However, for individual clams, the density of epifauna/cm2 decreased with increasing clam density. Video image analysis showed higher fish predation of epifauna on dead compared to live clams at high but not low densities and path analysis indicated that these strong negative trophic interactions increased with dead clam density via both direct and indirect pathways. By contrast, an increasing density of live but not dead clams was negatively correlated with seagrass faunal densities. However, seagrass growth and standing biomass were unaffected by clam density or status. Our study illustrates that the realized facilitation cascade is a function of nested negative and positive interactions which change as a function of the density of clams and whether they were dead or alive, and therefore do not represent a collection of hierarchical positive interactions.
The signature of sea surface temperature anomalies on the dynamics of semiarid grassland productivity
Authors: Chen Maosi , Parton William J. , Del Grosso Stephen J. , Hartman Melannie D. , Day Ken A. , Tucker Compton J. , Derner Justin D. , Knapp Alan K. , Smith William K. , Ojima Dennis S. , Gao Wei 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe used long‐term observations of grassland aboveground net plant production (ANPP, 1939–2016), growing seasonal advanced very‐high‐resolution radiometer remote sensing normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data (1982–2016), and simulations of actual evapotranspiration (1912–2016) to evaluate the impact of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies on a semiarid grassland in northeastern Colorado. Because ANPP was well correlated (R2 = 0.58) to cumulative April to July actual evapotranspiration (iAET) and cumulative growing season NDVI (iNDVI) was well correlated to iAET and ANPP (R2 = 0.62 [quadratic model] and 0.59, respectively), we were able to quantify interactions between the long‐duration (15–30 yr) PDO temperature cycles and annual‐duration ENSO SST phases on ANPP. We found that during cold‐phase PDOs, mean ANPP and iNDVI were lower, and the frequency of low ANPP years (drought years) was much higher, compared to warm‐phase PDO years. In addition, ANPP, iNDVI, and iAET were highly variable during the cold‐phase PDOs. When NINO‐3 (ENSO index) values were negative, there was a higher frequency of droughts and lower frequency of wet years regardless of the PDO phase. PDO and NINO‐3 anomalies reinforced each other resulting in a high frequency of above‐normal iAET (52%) and low frequency of drought (20%) when both PDO and NINO‐3 values were positive and the opposite pattern when both PDO and NINO‐3 values were negative (24% frequency of above normal and 48% frequency of drought). Precipitation variability and subsequent ANPP dynamics in this grassland were dampened when PDO and NINO‐3 SSTs had opposing signs. Thus, primary signatures of these SSTs in this semiarid grassland are (1) increased interannual variability in ANPP during cold‐phase PDOs, (2) drought with low ANPP occurring in almost half of those years with negative values of PDO and NINO‐3, and (3) high precipitation and ANPP common in years with positive PDO and NINO‐3 values.
Autonomic regulation therapy to enhance myocardial function in heart failure patients: the ANTHEM‐HFpEF study
Authors: DiCarlo Lorenzo A. , Libbus Imad , Kumar H. Uday , Mittal Sanjay , Premchand Rajendra K. , Amurthur Badri , KenKnight Bruce H. , Ardell Jeffrey L. , Anand Inder S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundApproximately half of the patients presenting with new‐onset heart failure (HF) have HF with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) and HF with mid‐range left ventricular ejection fraction (HFmrEF). These patients have neurohormonal activation like that of HF with reduced ejection fraction; however, beta‐blockers and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors have not been shown to improve their outcomes, and current treatment for these patients is symptom based and empiric. Sympathoinhibition using parasympathetic stimulation has been shown to improve central and peripheral aspects of the cardiac nervous system, reflex control, induce myocyte cardioprotection, and can lead to regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. Beneficial effects of autonomic regulation therapy (ART) using vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) have also been observed in several animal models of HFpEF, suggesting a potential role for ART in patients with this disease.MethodsThe Autonomic Neural Regulation Therapy to Enhance Myocardial Function in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction (ANTHEM‐HFpEF) study is designed to evaluate the feasibility, tolerability, and safety of ART using right cervical VNS in patients with chronic, stable HFpEF and HFmrEF. Patients with symptomatic HF and HFpEF or HFmrEF fulfilling the enrolment criteria will receive chronic ART with a subcutaneous VNS system attached to the right cervical vagus nerve. Safety parameters will be continuously monitored, and cardiac function and HF symptoms will be assessed every 3 months during a post‐titration follow‐up period of at least 12 months.ConclusionsThe ANTHEM‐HFpEF study is likely to provide valuable information intended to expand our understanding of the potential role of ART in patients with chronic symptomatic HFpEF and HFmrEF.
Meta‐analysis of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for relief of spinal pain
Authors: Resende L. , Merriwether E. , Rampazo É.P. , Dailey D. , Embree J. , Deberg J. , Liebano R.E. , Sluka K.A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis analysing the existing data on transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) or interferential current (IFC) for chronic low back pain (CLBP) and/or neck pain (CNP) taking into account intensity and timing of stimulation, examining pain, function and disability. Seven electronic databases were searched for TENS or IFC treatment in non‐specific CLBP or CNP. Four reviewers independently selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TENS or IFC intervention in adult individuals with non‐specific CLBP or CNP. Primary outcomes were for self‐reported pain intensity and back‐specific disability. Two reviewers performed quality assessment, and two reviewers extracted data using a standardized form. Nine RCTs were selected (eight CLBP; one CNP), and seven studies with complete data sets were included for meta‐analysis (655 participants). For CLBP, meta‐analysis shows TENS/IFC intervention, independent of time of assessment, was significantly different from placebo/control (p < 0.02). TENS/IFC intervention was better than placebo/control, during therapy (p = 0.02), but not immediately after therapy (p = 0.08), or 1–3 months after therapy (p = 0.99). Analysis for adequate stimulation parameters was not significantly different, and there was no effect on disability. This systematic review provides inconclusive evidence of TENS benefits in low back pain patients because the quality of the studies was low, and adequate parameters and timing of assessment were not uniformly used or reported. Without additional high‐quality clinical trials using sufficient sample sizes and adequate parameters and outcome assessments, the outcomes of this review are likely to remain unchanged.SignificanceThese data highlight the need for additional high‐quality RCTs to examine the effects of TENS in CLBP. Trials should consider intensity of stimulation, timing of outcome assessment and assessment of pain, disability and function.
Blocking of cytokines signalling attenuates evoked and spontaneous neuropathic pain behaviours in the paclitaxel rat model of chemotherapy‐induced neuropathy
Authors: Al‐Mazidi S. , Alotaibi M. , Nedjadi T. , Chaudhary A. , Alzoghaibi M. , Djouhri L. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathic pain (CIPNP) is a serious dose‐limiting neurotoxic effect of cancer drug treatment. The underlying mechanism(s) of this debilitating condition, which lacks effective drug treatment, is incompletely understood. However, neural–immune interactions, involving increased expression and release of cytokines, are believed to be involved. Here, we examined, in the paclitaxel rat model of CIPNP, whether plasma levels of 24 cytokines/chemokines change after paclitaxel treatment, and whether blocking of signalling of some of those cytokines would reverse/attenuate behavioural signs of CIPNP.MethodsTo achieve these objectives luminex, pharmacological and behavioural experiments were performed on male Wistar rats (250–300 g) 31 days after the last injection of paclitaxel (1 mg/kg, i.p. on four alternate days) as well as on control (vehicle‐treated) rats.ResultsCompared with control rats, plasma levels of IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, INF‐γ and MCP‐1 were significantly upregulated in paclitaxel‐treated rats. Blocking of TNF‐α signalling with etanercept (2 mg/kg, i.p.) or IL‐1β with IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1ra; 3 mg/kg, i.p.), significantly attenuated established mechanical and cold hypersensitivity as well as spontaneous pain behaviour (spontaneous foot lifting) 24 and 48 h postdrug treatment. Pharmacological blockade of MCP‐1/CCL2 signalling with a highly selective CCR2 receptor antagonist (S504393, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) also significantly reduced evoked, but not spontaneous, pain behaviours of CIPNP in paclitaxel‐treated rats at the same time points.ConclusionsThe findings support the notion that cytokines/chemokines, particularly TNF‐α, IL‐1 and MCP‐1, are involved in the pathophysiology of CIPNP and suggest that strategies that target their inhibition may be effective in treating CIPNP.SignificanceThis study demonstrates that paclitaxel‐treated rats exhibit, in addition to indices of mechanical and cold hypersensitivity, a behavioural sign of spontaneous pain, the principal compliant of patients with neuropathic pain. This was accompanied by upregulation in plasma levels of key cytokines/chemokines (IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, INF‐γ and MCP‐1) 31 days post‐treatment. However, it is noteworthy that cytokine release, rather than nerve injury per se, may be causative of NP in this model of CIPNP. Nevertheless, our findings that pharmacological blockade of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and MCP‐1 attenuated both evoked and spontaneous pain suggest that strategies that target inhibition of these cytokines may be effective in treating CIPNP.
An enhanced base isolation system equipped with optimal tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI)
Authors: De Domenico Dario , Ricciardi Giuseppe 
Published: December 2017

SummaryIn seismic base isolation, most of the earthquake‐induced displacement demand is concentrated at the isolation level, thereby the base‐isolation system undergoes large displacements. In an attempt to reduce such displacement demand, this paper proposes an enhanced base‐isolation system incorporating the inerter, a 2‐terminal flywheel device whose generated force is proportional to the relative acceleration between its terminals. The inerter acts as an additional, apparent mass that can be even 200 times higher than its physical mass. When the inerter is installed in series with spring and damper elements, a lower‐mass and more effective alternative to the traditional tuned mass damper (TMD) is obtained, ie, the TMD inerter (TMDI), wherein the device inertance plays the role of the TMD mass. By attaching a TMDI to the isolation floor, it is demonstrated that the displacement demand of base‐isolated structures can be significantly reduced. Due to the stochastic nature of earthquake ground motions, optimal parameters of the TMDI are found based on a probabilistic framework. Different optimization procedures are scrutinized. The effectiveness of the optimal TMDI parameters is assessed via time history analyses of base‐isolated multistory buildings under several earthquake excitations; a sensitivity analysis is also performed. The enhanced base‐isolation system equipped with optimal TMDI attains an excellent level of vibration reduction as compared to the conventional base‐isolation scheme, in terms not only of displacement demand of the base‐isolation system but also of response of the isolated superstructure (eg, base shear and interstory drifts); moreover, the proposed vibration control strategy does not imply excessive stroke of the TMDI.
Three‐dimensional geologic structure of a Mesozoic granite pluton and related metallogeny in Northeast China: An integrated geophysical model
Authors: Zhu Ming , Xue Lin‐Fu , Santosh M. , Ma Yan‐Ni , Chai Yuan , Cheng Wei 
Published: December 2017

The Hanjialing pluton occurs within a Paleoproterozoic rift belt in the Liaodong Peninsula in Northeast China, a region endowed with rich polymetallic mineral deposits including gold, lead, and zinc. The genesis and distribution of these ores are closely related to the formation of the pluton. Here, we reconstruct the three‐dimensional geological characteristics of the Hanjialing pluton in an attempt to constrain the relationship between intrusion and mineralization. Our high‐precision gravity and magnetic measurements and magnetotelluric profiles trace the three‐dimensional geometry of the pluton as an inflated balloon. We also demarcate its lateral and vertical extension and characterize the distribution of the associated ore mineralization. Our data suggest that more than 8 km of the upper part of the intrusion has been removed by erosion since the Cretaceous.