bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (Pnh): Brain Mri Ischemic Lesions In Neurologically Asymtomatic Patients
Authors: Barcellini Wilma , Scola Elisa , Lanfranconi Silvia , Grottaroli Marika , Binda Francesca , Fattizzo Bruno , Zaninoni Anna , Valcamonica Gloria , Cinnante Claudia Maria , Boschetti Carla , Buoli Massimiliano , Altamura Carlo Alfredo , Bresolin Nereo , Triulzi Fabio , Zanella Alberto , Cortelezzi Agostino 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study investigated for the first time brain ischemic involvement in 19 consecutive neurologically asymptomatic PNH patients by non-enhanced cerebral MRI, and by intracranial arterial and venous angio-MRI. Eleven cases (58%, 7 aged <65) showed pathological findings: 9 white matter (WM) abnormalities related to chronic ischemic small vessel disease, 2 a focal abnormality >5 mm, and 5 cases a score >4 by the age-related white matter changes (ARWMC) scale. Compared with age and sex-matched controls (1:2 ratio), patients showed an increased frequency of periventricular WM vascular degeneration (32% versus 5.2%, p = 0.04) and of severe lesions (ARWMC scale score >4) (26% versus 2.6%, p = 0.05), and a higher overall ARWMC scale score (3.5 ± 1.07 versus 2.0 ± 0.8, mean ± SD, p < 0.0001). Notably, vascular abnormalities suspected for prior partial venous thrombosis, were observed in PNH cases only. MRI lesions were not related to blood counts, hemolytic markers, clone size, disease duration, and therapy with eculizumab. Neurological examination was unremarkable in all patients but one (Parkinson disease). Psychiatric assessment revealed a case of generalized anxiety disorder, 1 bipolar disorder type 2, and 1 adjustment disorder. In conclusion, brain MRI may be useful at diagnosis and during the course of the disease to explore subclinical neurological involvement.
Electromagnetic Radiation Disturbed the Photosynthesis of Microcystis aeruginosa at the Proteomics Level
Authors: Tang Chao , Yang Chuanjun , Yu Hui , Tian Shen , Huang Xiaomei , Wang Weiyi , Cai Peng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPhotosynthesis of Microcystis aeruginosa under Electromagnetic Radiation (1.8 GHz, 40 V/m) was studied by using the proteomics. A total of 30 differentially expressed proteins, including 15 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated proteins, were obtained in this study. The differentially expressed proteins were significantly enriched in the photosynthesis pathway, in which the protein expression levels of photosystems II cytochrome b559 α subunit, cytochrome C550, PsbY, and F-type ATP synthase (a, b) decreased. Our results indicated that electromagnetic radiation altered the photosynthesis-related protein expression levels, and aimed at the function of photosynthetic pigments, photosystems II potential activity, photosynthetic electron transport process, and photosynthetic phosphorylation process of M. aeruginosa. Based on the above evidence, that photoreaction system may be deduced as a target of electromagnetic radiation on the photosynthesis in cyanobacteria; the photoreaction system of cyanobacteria is a hypothetical “shared target effector” that responds to light and electromagnetic radiation; moreover, electromagnetic radiation does not act on the functional proteins themselves but their expression processes.
High-temperature quantum oscillations of the Hall resistance in bulk Bi2Se3
Authors: Busch Marco , Chiatti Olivio , Pezzini Sergio , Wiedmann Steffen , Sánchez-Barriga Jaime , Rader Oliver , Yashina Lada V. , Fischer Saskia F. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHelically spin-polarized Dirac fermions (HSDF) in protected topological surface states (TSS) are of high interest as a new state of quantum matter. In three-dimensional (3D) materials with TSS, electronic bulk states often mask the transport properties of HSDF. Recently, the high-field Hall resistance and low-field magnetoresistance indicate that the TSS may coexist with a layered two-dimensional electronic system (2DES). Here, we demonstrate quantum oscillations of the Hall resistance at temperatures up to 50 K in nominally undoped bulk Bi2Se3 with a high electron density n of about 2·1019 cm−3. From the angular and temperature dependence of the Hall resistance and the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations we identify 3D and 2D contributions to transport. Angular resolved photoemission spectroscopy proves the existence of TSS. We present a model for Bi2Se3 and suggest that the coexistence of TSS and 2D layered transport stabilizes the quantum oscillations of the Hall resistance.
An efficient, flexible perovskite solar module exceeding 8% prepared with an ultrafast PbI2 deposition rate
Authors: Li Kunpeng , Xiao Junyan , Yu Xinxin , Li Tianhui , Xiao Da , He Jiang , Zhou Peng , Zhang Yangwen , Li Wangnan , Ku Zhiliang , Zhong Jie , Huang Fuzhi , Peng Yong , Cheng Yibing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLarge-area, pinhole-free CH3NH3PbI3perovskite thin films were successfully fabricated on 5 cm × 5 cm flexible indium tin oxide coated polyethylene naphthalate (ITO-PEN) substrates through a sequential evaporation/spin-coating deposition method in this research. The influence of the rate-controlled evaporation of PbI2films on the quality of the perovskite layer and the final performance of the planar-structured perovskite solar cells were investigated. An ultrafast evaporation rate of 20 Å s−1was found to be most beneficial for the conversion of PbI2to CH3NH3PbI3perovskite. Based on this high-quality CH3NH3PbI3film, a resultant flexible perovskite solar sub-module (active area of 16 cm2) with a power conversion efficiency of more than 8% and a 1.2 cm2flexible perovskite solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 12.7% were obtained.
Developing an in silico minimum inhibitory concentration panel test for Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Nguyen Marcus , Brettin Thomas , Long S. Wesley , Musser James M. , Olsen Randall J. , Olson Robert , Shukla Maulik , Stevens Rick L. , Xia Fangfang , Yoo Hyunseung , Davis James J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAntimicrobial resistant infections are a serious public health threat worldwide. Whole genome sequencing approaches to rapidly identify pathogens and predict antibiotic resistance phenotypes are becoming more feasible and may offer a way to reduce clinical test turnaround times compared to conventional culture-based methods, and in turn, improve patient outcomes. In this study, we use whole genome sequence data from 1668 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to develop a XGBoost-based machine learning model that accurately predicts minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for 20 antibiotics. The overall accuracy of the model, within ±1 two-fold dilution factor, is 92%. Individual accuracies are ≥90% for 15/20 antibiotics. We show that the MICs predicted by the model correlate with known antimicrobial resistance genes. Importantly, the genome-wide approach described in this study offers a way to predict MICs for isolates without knowledge of the underlying gene content. This study shows that machine learning can be used to build a complete in silico MIC prediction panel for K. pneumoniae and provides a framework for building MIC prediction models for other pathogenic bacteria.
Real-time Humidity Sensor Based on Microwave Resonator Coupled with PEDOT:PSS Conducting Polymer Film
Authors: Park Jin-Kwan , Kang Tae-Gyu , Kim Byung-Hyun , Lee Hee-Jo , Choi Hyang Hee , Yook Jong-Gwan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA real-time humidity sensor based on a microwave resonator coupled with a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) conducting polymer (CP) film is proposed in this paper. The resonator is patterned on a printed circuit board and is excited by electromagnetic field coupling. To enhance the sensitivity of the sensor, the CP film is located in the area with the strongest electric field in the resonator. To investigate the performance, the proposed sensor is placed alongside a reference sensor in a humidity chamber, and humidity is injected at room temperature. The experimental results indicate that the electrical properties of the resonator with the CP film, such as the transmission coefficient (S21) and resonance frequency, change with the relative humidity (RH). Specifically, as the RH changes from 5% to 80%, S21 and the resonance frequency change simultaneously. Moreover, the proposed sensor exhibits great repeatability in the middle of the sensing range, which is from 40% to 60% RH. Consequently, our resonator coupled with the CP film can be used as a real-time humidity-sensing device in the microwave range, where various radio-frequency devices are in use.
Hydrological simulation and uncertainty analysis using the improved TOPMODEL in the arid Manas River basin, China
Authors: Xue Lianqing , Yang Fan , Yang Changbing , Wei Guanghui , Li Wenqian , He Xinlin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanism of complicated hydrological processes is important for sustainable management of water resources in an arid area. This paper carried out the simulations of water movement for the Manas River Basin (MRB) using the improved semi-distributed Topographic hydrologic model (TOPMODEL) with a snowmelt model and topographic index algorithm. A new algorithm is proposed to calculate the curve of topographic index using internal tangent circle on a conical surface. Based on the traditional model, the improved indicator of temperature considered solar radiation is used to calculate the amount of snowmelt. The uncertainty of parameters for the TOPMODEL model was analyzed using the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) method. The proposed model shows that the distribution of the topographic index is concentrated in high mountains, and the accuracy of runoff simulation has certain enhancement by considering radiation. Our results revealed that the performance of the improved TOPMODEL is acceptable and comparable to runoff simulation in the MRB. The uncertainty of the simulations resulted from the parameters and structures of model, climatic and anthropogenic factors. This study is expected to serve as a valuable complement for widely application of TOPMODEL and identify the mechanism of hydrological processes in arid area.
Mouse Antibody of IgM Class is Prone to Non-Enzymatic Cleavage between CH1 and CH2 Domains
Authors: Klaus Tomasz , Stalińska Krystyna , Czaplicki Dominik , Mak Paweł , Skupien-Rabian Bozena , Kedracka-Krok Sylwia , Wiatrowska Karolina , Bzowska Monika , Machula Monika , Bereta Joanna 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIgM is a multivalent antibody which evolved as a first line defense of adaptive immunity. It consists of heavy and light chains assembled into a complex oligomer. In mouse serum there are two forms of IgM, a full-length and a truncated one. The latter contains μ’ chain, which lacks a variable region. Although μ’ chain was discovered many years ago, its origin has not yet been elucidated. Our results indicate that μ’ chain is generated from a full-length heavy chain by non-enzymatic cleavage of the protein backbone. The cleavage occurred specifically after Asn209 and is prevented by mutating this residue into any other amino acid. The process requires the presence of other proteins, preferentially with an acidic isoelectric point, and is facilitated by neutral or alkaline pH. This unique characteristic of the investigated phenomenon distinguishes it from other, already described, Asn-dependent protein reactions. A single IgM molecule is able to bind up to 12 epitopes via its antigen binding fragments (Fabs). The cleavage at Asn209 generates truncated IgM molecules and free Fabs, resulting in a reduced IgM valence and probably affecting IgM functionalityin vivo.
Facile synthesis of TiO2/ZrO2 nanofibers/nitrogen co-doped activated carbon to enhance the desalination and bacterial inactivation via capacitive deionization
Authors: Yasin Ahmed S. , Mohamed Ibrahim M. A. , Mousa Hamouda M. , Park Chan Hee , Kim Cheol Sang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCapacitive deionization, as a second generation electrosorption technique to obtain water, is one of the most promising water desalination technologies. Yet; in order to achieve high CDI performance, a well-designed structure of the electrode materials is needed, and is in high demand. Here, a novel composite nitrogen-TiO2/ZrO2 nanofibers incorporated activated carbon (NACTZ) is synthesized for the first time with enhanced desalination efficiency as well as disinfection performance towards brackish water. Nitrogen and TiO2/ZrO2 nanofibers are used as the support of activated carbon to improve its low capacitance and hydrophobicity, which had dramatically limited its adequacy during the CDI process. Importantly, the as-fabricated NACTZ nanocomposite demonstrates enhanced electrochemical performance with significant specific capacitance of 691.78 F g−1, low internal resistance and good cycling stability. In addition, it offers a high capacitive deionization performance of NACTZ yield with electrosorptive capacity of 3.98 mg g−1, and, good antibacterial effects as well. This work will provide an effective solution for developing highly performance and low-cost design for CDI electrode materials.
Caveolin 1 Promotes Renal Water and Salt Reabsorption
Authors: Willière Yan , Borschewski Aljona , Patzak Andreas , Nikitina Tatiana , Dittmayer Carsten , Daigeler Anna L. , Schuelke Markus , Bachmann Sebastian , Mutig Kerim 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCaveolin-1 (Cav1) is essential for the formation of caveolae. Little is known about their functional role in the kidney. We tested the hypothesis that caveolae modulate renal salt and water reabsorption. Wild-type (WT) and Cav1-deficient (Cav1−/−) mice were studied. Cav1 expression and caveolae formation were present in vascular cells, late distal convoluted tubule and principal connecting tubule and collecting duct cells of WT but not Cav1−/− kidneys. Urinary sodium excretion was increased by 94% and urine flow by 126% in Cav1−/− mice (p < 0.05). A decrease in activating phosphorylation of the Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC) of the distal convoluted tubule was recorded in Cav1−/− compared to WT kidneys (−40%; p < 0.05). Isolated intrarenal arteries from Cav1−/− mice revealed a fourfold reduction in sensitivity to phenylephrine (p < 0.05). A significantly diminished maximal contractile response (−13%; p < 0.05) was suggestive of enhanced nitric oxide (NO) availability. In line with this, the abundance of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) was increased in Cav1−/− kidneys +213%; p < 0.05) and cultured caveolae-deprived cells showed intracellular accumulation of eNOS, compared to caveolae-intact controls. Our results suggest that renal caveolae help to conserve water and electrolytes via modulation of NCC function and regulation of vascular eNOS.
Investigating the Knowledge, Skills, and Tasks Required for Hearing Aid Management: Perspectives of Clinicians and Hearing Aid Owners
Authors: Bennett Rebecca J. , Meyer Carly J. , Eikelboom Robert H. , Atlas Marcus D. 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify hearing aid owners' and clinicians' opinions of the knowledge, skills, and tasks required for hearing aid management and the importance of each of these to overall success with hearing aids.MethodConcept mapping techniques were used to identify key themes, wherein participants generated, sorted, and rated the importance of statements in response to the question “What must hearing aid owners do in order to use, handle, manage, maintain, and care for their hearing aids?” Twenty-four hearing aid owners (56 to 91 years of age; 54.2% men, 45.8% women) and 22 clinicians (32 to 69 years of age; 9.1% men, 90.9% women) participated.ResultParticipants identified 111 unique items describing hearing aid management within 6 concepts: (a) “Daily Hearing Aid Use,” (b) “Hearing Aid Maintenance and Repairs,” (c) “Learning to Come to Terms with Hearing Aids,” (d) “Communication Strategies,” (e) “Working With Your Clinician,” and (f) “Advanced Hearing Aid Knowledge.” Clinicians' opinions of the importance of each statement varied only slightly from the opinions of the hearing aid owner group. Hearing aid owners indicated that all 6 concepts were of similar importance, whereas clinicians indicated that the concept “Advanced Hearing Aid Knowledge” was significantly less important than the other 5 concepts.ConclusionThe results highlight the magnitude of information and skill required to optimally manage hearing aids. Clinical recommendations are made to improve hearing aid handling education and skill acquisition.
Effects of Familiarization on Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech in Older Adults With and Without Hearing Loss
Authors: Lansford Kaitlin L. , Luhrsen Stephani , Ingvalson Erin M. , Borrie Stephanie A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
Familiarization tasks offer a promising platform for listener-targeted remediation of intelligibility disorders associated with dysarthria. To date, the body of work demonstrating improved understanding of dysarthric speech following a familiarization experience has been carried out on younger adults. The primary purpose of the present study was to examine the intelligibility effects of familiarization in older adults.

Method
Nineteen older adults, with and without hearing loss, completed a familiarization protocol consisting of three phases: pretest, familiarization, and posttest. The older adults' initial intelligibility and intelligibility improvement scores were compared with previously reported data collected from 50 younger adults (Borrie, Lansford, & Barrett, 2017a).

Results
Relative to younger adults, initial intelligibility scores were significantly lower for older adults, although additional analysis revealed that the difference was limited to older adults with hearing loss. Key, however, is that irrespective of hearing status, the older and younger adults achieved comparable intelligibility improvement following familiarization (gain of roughly 20 percentage points).

Conclusion
This study extends previous findings of improved intelligibility of dysarthria following familiarization to a group of listeners who are critical to consider in listener-targeted remediation, namely, aging caregivers and/or spouses of individuals with dysarthria.
Comment on “Sensitivity of the Speech Intelligibility Index to the Assumed Dynamic Range,” by Jin et al. (2017)
Authors: Smits Cas , Theo Goverts S. , Versfeld Niek J. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose

This letter to the editor is in response to a research note by Jin, Kates, and Arehart (2017), “Sensitivity of the Speech Intelligibility Index to the Assumed Dynamic Range,” published in June 2017 by the
Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
.

Conclusion
The authors argue that the approach and line of reasoning in the Jin et al. (2017) research note suggest new findings but do not lead to essentially new insights.
Grammar Clinical Marker Yields Substantial Heritability for Language Impairments in 16-Year-Old Twins
Authors: Dale Philip S. , Rice Mabel L. , Rimfeld Kaili , Hayiou-Thomas Marianna E. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
There is a need for well-defined language phenotypes suitable for adolescents in twin studies and other large-scale research projects. Rice, Hoffman, and Wexler (2009) have developed a grammatical judgment measure as a clinical marker of language impairment, which has an extended developmental range to adolescence.

Method
We conducted the first twin analysis, along with associated phenotypic analyses of validity, of an abridged, 20-item version of this grammatical judgment measure (GJ-20), based on telephone administration using prerecorded stimuli to 405 pairs of 16-year-olds (148 monozygotic and 257 dizygotic) drawn from the Twins Early Development Study (Haworth, Davis, & Plomin, 2012).

Results
The distribution of scores is markedly skewed negatively, as expected for a potential clinical marker. Low performance on GJ-20 is associated with lower maternal education, reported learning disability (age 7 years), and low scores on language tests administered via the Twins Early Development Study (age 16 years) as well as General Certificate of Secondary Education English and Math examination performance (age 16 years). Liability threshold estimates for the genetic influence on low performance on GJ-20 are substantial, ranging from 36% with a lowest 10% criterion to 74% for a lowest 5% criterion.

Conclusions
The heritability of GJ-20 scores, especially at more extreme cutoffs, along with the score distribution and association with other indicators of language impairments, provides additional evidence for the potential value of this measure as a clinical marker of specific language impairment.
Dust arcs in the region of Jupiter’s Trojan asteroids
Authors: Liu Xiaodong , Schmidt Jürgen 
Published: January 2018

Aims. The surfaces of the Trojan asteroids are steadily bombarded by interplanetary micrometeoroids, which releases ejecta of small dust particles. These particles form the faint dust arcs that are associated with asteroid clouds. Here we analyze the particle dynamics and structure of the arc in the region of the L4 Trojan asteroids.
Methods. We calculate the total cross section of the L4 Trojan asteroids and the production rate of dust particles. The motion of the particles is perturbed by a variety of forces. We simulate the dynamical evolution of the dust particles, and explore the overall features of the Trojan dust arc.
Results. The simulations show that the arc is mainly composed of grains in the size range 4−10 microns. Compared to the L4 Trojan asteroids, the dust arc is distributed more widely in the azimuthal direction, extending to a range of [30, 120] degrees relative to Jupiter. The peak number density does not develop at L4. There exist two peaks that are azimuthally displaced from L4.
Obstetric History and Likelihood of Preterm Birth of Twins
Authors: Little Sarah , Robinson Julian , Mendez-Figueroa Hector , Chauhan Suneet , Easter Sarah 
Published: January 2018

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between preterm birth in a prior pregnancy and preterm birth in a twin pregnancy.
Study Design We performed a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial evaluating 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in twins. Women were classified as nulliparous, multiparous with a prior term birth, or multiparous with a prior preterm birth. We used logistic regression to examine the odds of spontaneous preterm birth of twins before 35 weeks according to past obstetric history.
Results Of the 653 women analyzed, 294 were nulliparas, 310 had a prior term birth, and 49 had a prior preterm birth. Prior preterm birth increased the likelihood of spontaneous delivery before 35 weeks (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–4.66), whereas prior term delivery decreased these odds (aOR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.38–0.78) in the current twin pregnancy compared with the nulliparous reference group. This translated into a lower odds of composite neonatal morbidity (aOR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.27–0.53) for women with a prior term delivery.
Conclusion For women carrying twins, a history of preterm birth increases the odds of spontaneous preterm birth, whereas a prior term birth decreases odds of spontaneous preterm birth and neonatal morbidity for the current twin pregnancy. These results offer risk stratification and reassurance for clinicians.