bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bank vole immunoheterogeneity may limit Nephropatia Epidemica emergence in a French non-endemic region
Authors: DUBOIS A. , CASTEL G. , MURRI S. , PULIDO C. , PONS J.-B. , BENOIT L. , LOISEAU A. , LAKHDAR L. , GALAN M. , MARIANNEAU P. , CHARBONNEL N. 
Published: September 2017

SUMMARYEcoevolutionary processes affecting hosts, vectors and pathogens are important drivers of zoonotic disease emergence. In this study, we focused on nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is caused by Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) whose natural reservoir is the bank vole,Myodes glareolus. We questioned the possibility of NE emergence in a French region that is considered to be NE-free but that is adjacent to a NE-endemic region. We first confirmed the epidemiology of these two regions and we demonstrated the absence of spatial barriers that could have limited dispersal, and consequently, the spread of PUUV into the NE-free region. We next tested whether regional immunoheterogeneity could impact PUUV chances to circulate and persist in the NE-free region. We showed that bank voles from the NE-free region were sensitive to experimental PUUV infection. We observed high levels of immunoheterogeneity between individuals and also between regions. Antiviral gene expression (TnfandMx2) reached higher levels in bank voles from the NE-free region. During experimental infections, anti-PUUV antibody production was higher in bank voles from the NE-endemic region. These results indicated a lower susceptibility to PUUV for bank voles from this NE-free region, which might limit PUUV persistence and therefore, the risk of NE.
Progressions of a New Language: Characterizing Explanation Development for Assessment With Young Language Learners
Authors: Bailey Alison L. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTFew studies have detailed the emergence and growth of the oral language and discourse characteristics of school-age students at different grades and across time (Bailey, 2010; Hoff, 2013). Yet general education teachers and English language specialists need well-articulated, preferably empirically derived progressions of language learning to support their students’ oral language development, particularly with those students who are acquiring English as a new or second language. Explanation skills, which encompass the development of many different language and discourse features, were the focus of this study. The language learners whose elicited oral explanations were used to characterize the order of emergence of features were in kindergarten and third grade (5–6 and 8–9 years old). These students were acquiring English in school with predominantly Spanish as their first language. Development of explanations by a cohort of English monolingual or proficient students provides grade-specific comparison language trajectories. The results are placed within the context of a formative assessment framework in order to assist teachers and students in placing explanations at different phases of sophistication on the progressions. This facilitates charting development and identifying with greater specificity which language and discourse features might be effective targets of contingent instruction to promote students’ oral explanation abilities.
A Critical Review of Bilingual Education in the United States: From Basements and Pride to Boutiques and Profit
Authors: Flores Nelson , García Ofelia 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTIn this article we connect the institutionalization of bilingual education to a post–Civil Rights racial formation that located the root of educational inequalities in the psychological condition of people of color in ways that obscured the structural barriers confronting communities of color. Within this context, bilingual education was institutionalized with the goal of instilling cultural pride in Latinx students in ways that would remediate their perceived linguistic deficiencies. This left bilingual educators struggling to develop affirmative spaces for Latinx children within a context where these students continued to be devalued by the broader school and societal context. More recent years have witnessed the dismantling of these affirmative spaces and their replacement with two-way immersion programs that seek to cater to White middle-class families. While these programs have offered new spaces for the affirmation of the bilingualism of Latinx children, they do little to address the power hierarchies between the low-income Latinx communities and White middle-class communities that are being served by these programs. We end with a call to situate struggles for bilingual education within broader efforts to combat the racialization of Latinx and other minoritized communities.
A Port City in Northeast China: Dengzhou in the Long Eighteenth Century
Authors: PO RONALD C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIf we were asked to recall a coastal city of early modern China, most of us would choose Shanghai, Canton, Xiamen, or Macau. These port cities became famous for facilitating trans-regional sea trade that linked the Qing Empire to the rest of the world. Attentive observers know that all of these cities are located on the Southeast China coast, by which we mean the coastal areas south of Shanghai. Taking Shanghai as the dividing line between the northeastern and southeastern coastlines, the port cities of the south are far more likely to be familiar to us than are those of the north. I consider this phenomenon (i.e. the focus on the coast of early modern China) to be a “Southeast China centrism.” And although we might all concede that some southeastern seaports were vital to transoceanic interactions, it is shortsighted to ignore the northern port cities and the role they played in connecting China with the maritime world. In this article I investigate the importance of Northeast China's port cities by focusing particular attention on the less familiar coastal seaport of Dengzhou. By detailing and examining the political and economic importance of this port city in the early modern period, I will show that Qing China's northeastern coast was no less important than the southeast. Even if China's northern port cities might not have been as economically vibrant as those in the south, we should not overlook their functions and histories. Indeed, they also attained unique patterns of political and economic development throughout the long eighteenth century.
Sleep–wake difficulties in community-dwelling cancer patients receiving palliative care: subjective and objective assessment
Authors: Bernatchez Marie Solange , Savard Josée , Savard Marie-Hélène , Aubin Michèle , Ivers Hans 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjective:Prevalence rates of sleep difficulties in advanced cancer patients have varied widely across studies (12 to 96%), and none of these employed a diagnostic interview to distinguish different types of sleep–wake disorders. Moreover, very limited information is available on subjective and objective sleep parameters in this population. Our study was conducted in palliative cancer patients and aimed to assess rates of sleep–wake disorders and subsyndromal symptoms and to document subjective and objective sleep–wake parameters across various types of sleep–wake difficulties.Method:The sample was composed of 51 community-dwelling cancer patients receiving palliative care and having an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score of 2 or 3. Relevant sections of the Duke Interview for Sleep Disorders were administered over the phone. An actigraphic recording and a daily sleep diary were completed for 7 consecutive days.Results:Overall, 68.6% of the sample had at least one type of sleep–wake difficulty (disorder or symptoms): 31.4% had insomnia and 29.4% had hypersomnolence as their main sleep–wake problem. Participants with insomnia as their main sleep difficulty had greater disruptions of subjective sleep parameters, while objectively-assessed sleep was more disrupted in patients with hypersomnolence comorbid with another sleep–wake difficulty.Significance of the Results:The high rates of sleep–wake difficulties found in this study indicate a need to screen more systematically for sleep–wake disorders, including insomnia and hypersomnolence, in both palliative care research and clinical practice, and to develop effective nonpharmacological interventions specifically adapted to this population.
Blocking autophagy enhances the apoptotic effect of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid on human sarcoma cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress and JNK activation
Authors: Shen Shuying , Zhou Menglu , Huang Kangmao , Wu Yizheng , Ma Yan , Wang Jiying , Ma Jianjun , Fan Shunwu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSarcoma, a rare form of cancer, is unlike the much more common carcinomas as it occurs in a distinct type of tissue. The potent antitumor effects of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a novel naturally derived agent, have been demonstrated in various cancers. However, the effect of GA on human sarcoma, and the underlying mechanisms, remain to be elucidated. In the current study, we show that GA inhibits sarcoma cell proliferation by inducing G0/G1-phase arrest. Exposure to GA resulted in the activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9, indicating that GA induced apoptosis through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. In addition, the autophagy pathway, characterized by the conversion of LC3-I to LC3- II, was activated, resulting in increased Beclin-1 protein levels, decreased p62 expression, and stimulation of autophagic flux. The present findings showed that GA stimulated autophagy by inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress via the IRE1–JNK pathway. Our data supported the prosurvival role of GA-induced autophagy when the autophagy pathway was blocked with specific chemical inhibitors. Finally, GA markedly reduced sarcoma growth, with little organ-related toxicity, in vivo. The present results suggest that the combination of GA with a specific autophagy inhibitor represents a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of sarcoma.
Clinical responses to adoptive T-cell transfer can be modeled in an autologous immune-humanized mouse model
Authors: Jespersen Henrik , Lindberg Mattias F. , Donia Marco , Söderberg Elin M. V. , Andersen Rikke , Keller Ulrich , Ny Lars , Svane Inge Marie , Nilsson Lisa M. , Nilsson Jonas A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of autologous tumor-infiltrating T cells have shown durable responses in patients with melanoma. To study ACT and immunotherapies in a humanized model, we have developed PDXv2.0 — a melanoma PDX model where tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating T cells from the same patient are transplanted sequentially in non-obese diabetic/severe combined immune-deficient/common gamma chain (NOG/NSG) knockout mouse. Key to T-cell survival/effect in this model is the continuous presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Tumors that grow in PDXv2.0 are eradicated if the autologous tumor cells and T cells come from a patient that exhibited an objective response to ACT in the clinic. However, T cells from patients that are non-responders to ACT cannot kill tumor cells in PDXv2.0. Taken together, PDXv2.0 provides the potential framework to further model genetically diverse human cancers for assessing the efficacy of immunotherapies as well as combination therapies.
MicroRNA-9 downregulates the ANO1 chloride channel and contributes to cystic fibrosis lung pathology
Authors: Sonneville Florence , Ruffin Manon , Coraux Christelle , Rousselet Nathalie , Le Rouzic Philippe , Blouquit-Laye Sabine , Corvol Harriet , Tabary Olivier 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCystic fibrosis results from reduced cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein activity leading to defective epithelial ion transport. Ca2+-activated Cl− channels mediate physiological functions independently of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. Anoctamin 1 (ANO1/TMEM16A) was identified as the major Ca2+-activated Cl− channel in airway epithelial cells, and we recently demonstrated that downregulation of the anoctamin 1 channel in cystic fibrosis patients contributes to disease severity via an unknown mechanism. Here we show that microRNA-9 (miR-9) contributes to cystic fibrosis and downregulates anoctamin 1 by directly targeting its 3′UTR. We present a potential therapy based on blockage of miR-9 binding to the 3′UTR by using a microRNA target site blocker to increase anoctamin 1 activity and thus compensate for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator deficiency. The target site blocker is tested in in vitro and in mouse models of cystic fibrosis, and could be considered as an alternative strategy to treat cystic fibrosis.
Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibition Prevents Development of Sepsis Sequelae in the Murine Liver
Authors: Chung Ha-Yeun , Witt C. Julius , Jbeily Nayla , Hurtado-Oliveros Jorge , Giszas Benjamin , Lupp Amelie , Gräler Markus H. , Bruns Tony , Stallmach Andreas , Gonnert Falk A. , Claus Ralf A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe molecular mechanisms of maladaptive response in liver tissue with respect to the acute and post-acute phase of sepsis are not yet fully understood. Long-term sepsis survivors might develop hepatocellular/hepatobiliary injury and fibrosis. Here, we demonstrate that acid sphingomyelinase, an important regulator of hepatocyte apoptosis and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, is linked to the promotion of liver dysfunction in the acute phase of sepsis as well as to fibrogenesis in the long-term. In both phases, we observed a beneficial effect of partial genetic sphingomyelinase deficiency in heterozygous animals (smpd1+/−) on oxidative stress levels, hepatobiliary function, macrophage infiltration and on HSC activation. Strikingly, similar to heterozygote expression of SMPD1, either preventative (p-smpd1+/+) or therapeutic (t-smpd1+/+) pharmacological treatment strategies with desipramine – a functional inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase (FIASMA) – significantly improved liver function and survival. The inhibition of sphingomyelinase exhibited a protective effect on liver function in the acute-phase, and the reduction of HSC activation diminished development of sepsis-associated liver fibrosis in the post-acute phase of sepsis. In summary, targeting sphingomyelinase with FDA-approved drugs is a novel promising strategy to overcome sepsis-induced liver dysfunction.
Proteomic footprint of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Longitudinal study of the at-risk and remote regions in the pig model
Authors: Binek Aleksandra , Fernández-Jiménez Rodrigo , Jorge Inmaculada , Camafeita Emilio , López Juan Antonio , Bagwan Navratan , Galán-Arriola Carlos , Pun Andres , Agüero Jaume , Fuster Valentin , Ibanez Borja , Vázquez Jesús 
Published: September 2017

AbstractReperfusion alters post-myocardial infarction (MI) healing; however, very few systematic studies report the early molecular changes following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Alterations in the remote myocardium have also been neglected, disregarding its contribution to post-MI heart failure (HF) development. This study characterizes protein dynamics and contractile abnormalities in the ischemic and remote myocardium during one week after MI. Closed-chest 40 min I/R was performed in 20 pigs sacrificed at 120 min, 24 hours, 4days, and 7days after reperfusion (n = 5 per group). Myocardial contractility was followed up by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and tissue samples were analyzed by multiplexed quantitative proteomics. At early reperfusion (120 min), the ischemic area showed a coordinated upregulation of inflammatory processes, whereas interstitial proteins, angiogenesis and cardio-renal signaling processes increased at later reperfusion (day 4 and 7). Remote myocardium showed decreased contractility at 120 min- and 24 h-CMR accompanied by transient alterations in contractile and mitochondrial proteins. Subsequent recovery of regional contractility was associated with edema formation on CMR and increases in inflammation and wound healing proteins on post-MI day 7. Our results establish for the first time the altered protein signatures in the ischemic and remote myocardium early after I/R and might have implications for new therapeutic targets to improve early post-MI remodeling.
Erratum: Identification of a nanobody specific to a human pulmonary surfactant protein A
Authors: He Xian , Wang Shan-Mei , Yin Zhao Fang , Zhao Meng-Meng , Li Nan , Yu Feng , Wang Liu-Sheng , Hu Yang , Du Yu-Kui , Du Shan-Shan , Li Yan , Wei Ya-Ru , Chen Shan-Shan , He Jian-Hua , Weng Dong , Li Hui-Ping 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Turning the Light On: Recent Developments in Photoinduced
Olefin Metathesis
Authors: Lemcoff N. , Eivgi Or 
Published: September 2017

Olefin metathesis is one of the most important methods to form carbon–carbon double bonds and has found many applications in industry and academia. The ability to initiate the reaction using external stimulus such as light, with high spatial and temporal resolution is highly advantageous and provides creative novel opportunities in organic syntheses and material sciences. This review article covers recent advances in light-activated olefin metathesis reactions from the development of novel complexes that can be initiated photochemically to recently reported applications of photoinduced olefin metathesis, as well as the bright newly emerging field of photoredox-mediated metal-free ROMP.1	Introduction2	Light-Activated Olefin Metathesis Complexes2.1	Sulfur-Chelated Hoveyda–Grubbs-Type Complexes2.2	Nitrogen-Chelated Hoveyda–Grubbs-Type Complexes2.3	Catalyst Activation with Photoacid Generators2.4	Phototuning of Active Complexes2.5	Photoactivation of Non-Grubbs-Type Olefin Metathesis Complexes3	Photoredox-Mediated Metal-Free ROMP4	Applications of Photoinduced Olefin Metathesis4.1	Chromatic Orthogonal Olefin Metathesis4.2	UV-Filter-Assisted Olefin Metathesis4.3	Photolithographic Olefin Metathesis Polymerization5	Conclusions
Recent Advances for the C–C and C–N Bond Formation in the Synthesis­ of 1-Phenethyl-tetrahydroisoquinoline, Aporphine, Homoaporphine­, and β-Carboline Alkaloids
Authors: Puerto Galvis Carlos , Kouznetsov Vladimir 
Published: September 2017

Among the existing methods for the synthesis of bioactive and/or complex small molecules, organic transformations such as C–C and C–N bond formation have been significantly developed and exploited for the synthesis of diverse synthetic and natural fused aza-polycycles. The abundance and biological and physical activities of 1-phenethyl-tetrahydroisoquinolines, aporphines, homoaporphines, and β-carbolines have inspired many organic chemists to seek sustainable and efficient protocols for their preparation. However, these methodologies involve multiple steps and in most cases the key reaction step is based on the formation of new C–C and/or C–N bonds, and this is usually the critical step that lowers the yields and selectivity. This review is focused on the advances made in recent years regarding the synthesis of these selected natural fused aza-polycycles, overviewing the substrate scope, limitations, regioselectivity, and chemoselectivity, as well as related control strategies of these reactions, concentrating on developments from 2010 to 2016.1	Introduction2	1-Phenethyl-tetrahydroisoquinolines; Dysoxylum Alkaloids3	Aporphines, Homoaporphines, and Semisynthetic Derivatives4	Harmala and Eudistomin Alkaloids and Their Biological Properties5	Metal-Catalyzed C–C Bond Formation6	Pd-Catalyzed C–C and C–N Bond Formation7	Metal-Catalyzed C–N Bond Formation8	[4+2] Cycloaddition in the Synthesis Of Aporphines9	Tandem C–N/C–C Bond Formation: The Pictet–Spengler Reaction10	Miscellaneous Methods11	Conclusions
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Benzimidazole Derivatives from the Oxidative Coupling of Primary Amines
Authors: Largeron Martine , Nguyen Khac 
Published: September 2017

Benzimidazole belongs to the top five most commonly used five-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles among U.S. FDA approved pharmaceuticals. Over the last few years, a large number of improved synthetic strategies have been developed to construct the benz­imidazole molecular framework under environmentally benign conditions. This review focuses on the use of primary amines as readily available substrates for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives through different types of oxidative cross-coupling reactions.1	Introduction2	Catalyst-Free Oxidative Coupling of Primary Amines3	Catalytic Oxidative Coupling of Primary Amines3.1	Metal-Catalyzed Reactions3.2	Metal-Free Catalyzed Reactions3.3	Bioinspired Catalyzed Reactions4	Conclusion
Development of Report Turnaround Times in a University Department of Radiology during Implementation of a Reformed Curriculum for Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Albrecht Liane , Maurer Martin , Seithe Tim , Braun Joachim , Gummert Richard , Auer Jonas , Sponheuer Keno , Meyl Tobias , Hamm Bernd , de Bucourt Maximilian 
Published: September 2017

Purpose The implementation of a reformed curriculum for undergraduate medical education with a problem-oriented focus and more bedside teaching in small groups increases the academic teaching workload. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this increase in teaching duties is associated with an increase in report turnaround times of radiologists or increased unplanned absence during term times compared with term breaks (lecture-free periods) and over the whole period under investigation.
Materials and Methods The database of all radiological examinations performed at a large German university hospital was retrospectively analyzed for a two-year period from the winter term 2011/12 to the summer term 2013. A total of 192 984 radiological examinations performed during this period were included in an analysis of reporting times (i. e., time from end of examination to completion of report) during term times versus term breaks. Reporting times were analyzed for all radiological examinations and for intensive care unit (ICU) patients. In addition, radiologists’ schedules were analyzed in terms of teaching duties, unplanned absence, vacation days, and days away from work for education and training.
Results During the period under investigation, the teaching load increased from overall 1.75 hours/day in the winter term 2011/12 to 6.49 hours/day in the summer term 2013 and in the term break from overall 0.10 hours/day in the winter term 2011/12 to 0.71 hours/day in the summer term 2013. Reporting time increased during this period (p < 0.05) but remained shorter during term times than during term breaks. The difference between term and term break for ICU patients was not significant. There was no increase in unplanned absences during term times.
Conclusion Overall, radiologists’ reporting times increased during the period when the reformed curriculum for undergraduate medical education was implemented. As this was observed both during term and during term breaks, increased teaching duties alone cannot serve as a sole causal explanation.
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