bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disposición de apoyo económico de los padres de familia en la educación superior
Authors: López de la Madrid María Cristina , Espinoza de los Monteros Cárdenas Adolfo , Rojo Morales Diana , Rojas García Alberto 
Published: July 2016

Para conocer la perspectiva de los padres de familia sobre la importancia de la educación superior, así como la disposición de apoyo económico que tienen hacia los hijos que ingresaron a ese nivel, se realizó una investigación en el Centro Universitario del Sur (CUSur), de la Universidad de Guadalajara, indagando, entre otros aspectos, el nivel de escolaridad de los padres, el nivel de gasto mensual, así como la importancia que le dan a la continuación de los estudios de sus hijos.Método: Para la recolección de la información, se diseñó un instrumento tipo encuesta que se aplicó a 812 padres de alumnos de primer ingreso del CUSur, durante la tercera semana de agosto de 2010. El número final de encuestas recabadas fue de 558 (68.6%); el procesamiento de la información se trabajó en una base de datos de Excel, y mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS v. 18. Para la presentación de los resultados se trabajaron dos fases, la primera de orden descriptivo mediante el cálculo de frecuencias, y la segunda de orden inferencial a través de la prueba Chi cuadrada y tablas de contingencia, ya que trabajamos con variables nominales. Resultados: El 95.2% de los padres de familia encuestados, está dispuesto a apoyar a sus hijos económicamente en sus estudios superiores. De ellos, el 77.8 % ha decidido apoyarlos durante toda la carrera, a pesar de que el 46.6% de estos padres, se ubica en el nivel de gasto mensual de bajo y medio-bajo. En esta investigación, no se encontró una relación entre la escolaridad del padre y las variables disposición de apoyo económico y tiempo de apoyo.Discusión o Conclusión: El apoyo económico que los padres brindan a sus hijos en su trayectoria escolar dentro del nivel superior, está relacionada con los recursos que éstos poseen, más allá del propio nivel de estudios. Sin embargo, se identifica un importante porcentaje de padres con ingresos bajos que están dispuestos a apoyarlos durante toda la carrera, a pesar de sus limitaciones económicas. La percepción que tienen sobre la importancia de continuar con la educación formal por un período mayor de tiempo, está relacionada con satisfactores personales (lograr sus metas en la vida y obtener conocimientos) más que con aspectos económicos (para ganar más dinero); así, el estudio corrobora los resultados obtenidos por otros investigadores, pero también resalta la importancia social y cultural que los padres de familia le dan a este nivel educativo, a pesar de que sólo un pequeño porcentaje haya tenido acceso al mismo.
La ética del futuro arquitecto en el diseño y construcción de viviendas sustentables
Authors: Godard Santander Rafael Ángel , Arvizu Sánchez Eduardo , Lara Ruíz Oscar Daniel 
Published: July 2016

Se considera que los alumnos cerca de egresar de sus estudios profesionales de arquitectura, deben estar conscientes y vivir la ética que corresponda al conjunto de principios y normas morales que regulan las actividades humanas, además de saber discernir lo que conviene, bueno o malo y a pesar de las dificultades que esto implique, debe tratar por todos los medios de apegarse a ese grupo de principios que regularán su conducta al interior y exterior del mercado laboral. Sin embargo observando su actuar cotidiano, se advierte que en las soluciones que este da a las preguntas que le fueron aplicadas en un cuestionario, se reveló la vinculación que estos guardan con la ética y los valores. Para llegar a concluir lo anterior surgieron estas cuestiones ¿Cuáles podrían ser las consideraciones que se debieran tener en cuenta para promover y desarrollar en los alumnos, la vivencia y práctica de la ética, un factor clave que detonará en el ejercicio cotidiano de la misma y que está, a su vez se reflejará al momento de proyectar viviendas sustentables?.Se consideró para dar solución a esos cuestionamientos de primera instancia, que toda participación de los profesionales y en este caso de la arquitectura debiera enmarcarse en la práctica y apego a la aplicación de los lineamientos establecidos por un Código de Ética que en el fondo estableciera los mínimos a los que un profesionista en el área y en cualquier otra, debiera sujetarse como una persona comprometida de manera integral, en todos las facetas de su vida cotidiana.
Cultura organizacional y evaluación del desempeño del personal académico. Estudio de caso en una institución de educación superior pública mexicana
Authors: Linares Medina Irasema , Ochoa Jiménez Sergio , Ochoa Silva Beatriz 
Published: July 2016

La investigación tiene como objetivo realizar el diagnóstico de cultura organizacional de una Institución de Educación Superior Pública, para identificar los elementos culturales que facilitan o dificultan el proceso de evaluación del desempeño del personal académico.El estudio se realizó a través del diseño de un modelo de diagnóstico de la cultura organizacional compuesto por nueve variables: Perfil de la organización; Comunicación; Medio Ambiente para la Mejora del Desempeño; Normatividad Interna; Identidad y Pertenencia; Estilo de dirección; Evaluación del desempeño; Motivación, Reconocimiento y Estímulos al desempeño; Capacitación y desarrollo.Los resultados se describen en términos de fortalezas y debilidades de las variables evaluadas, con base en lo cual se establecieron los elementos culturales que facilitan o limitan la evaluación del desempeño del personal académico en la Universidad de estudio. Los elementos que facilitan están asociados a los valores institucionales, las estructuras para la comunicación, las prácticas de inducción e involucramiento, las creencias y expectativas; mientras que los elementos que limitan son las competencias para la comunicación, las disposiciones físicas y administrativas, el énfasis en el control de la evaluación del desempeño y la ausencia de rituales para reconocer el desempeño.
Lower Extremity Near-infrared Spectroscopy After Popliteal Block For Orthopaedic Foot Surgery
Authors: Van de Velde Stijn , Kalmar Alain F , Raes Matthias , Poelaert Jan , Lootens Tom , Vanoverschelde Henk 
Published: July 2016

Background:
Noninvasive measurement of cutaneous tissue oxygenation using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has become common in peri-operative care. Following institution of peripheral nerve blocks, neurovascular alterations in the blocked region have been described.

Objective:
The primary aim of this study encompassed the assessment of the influence of a popliteal block on changes in regional oxygen saturation (SrO2), and the location of most prominent changes.

Method:
We conducted a prospective randomised controlled trial. Hundred twenty patients who received a popliteal block for foot surgery were included. Popliteal block was performed under echographic guidance. The patients were randomized in 3 groups according to the location of the SrO2 electrodes on the legs. Bilateral SrO2 measurements were performed simultaneously. SrO2 in the operated leg and in the control leg was measured at baseline and 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes after the perineural injection. We quantified the evolution in SrO2 by calculating over time the differences in SrO2 values between the operated and control leg (=ΔSrO2).

Results:
At 30 minutes, ΔSrO2 increased significantly (p<0.05) at the plantar side of the foot (11.3% ± 2.9%), above the ankle (4.9% ± 1.3%) and the popliteal fossa (3.6% ± 1.2%).

Conclusion:
At 30 minutes after institution of the popliteal block, ΔSrO2 was most prominent at the plantar side of the foot as compared with measurement performed above the ankle or under the knee.
Risk Factors, Pathobiomechanics and Physical Examination of Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Moulton Samuel G. , Greenspoon Joshua A. , Millett Peter J. , Petri Maximilian 
Published: July 2016

Background:It is important to appreciate the risk factors for the development of rotator cuff tears and specific physical examination maneuvers.Methods:A selective literature search was performed.Results:Numerous well-designed studies have demonstrated that common risk factors include age, occupation, and anatomic considerations such as the critical shoulder angle. Recently, research has also reported a genetic component as well. The rotator cuff axially compresses the humeral head in the glenohumeral joint and provides rotational motion and abduction. Forces are grouped into coronal and axial force couples. Rotator cuff tears are thought to occur when the force couples become imbalanced.Conclusion:Physical examination is essential to determining whether a patient has an anterosuperior or posterosuperior tear. Diagnostic accuracy increases when combining a series of examination maneuvers.
Arthroscopic Double-Row Transosseous Equivalent Rotator Cuff Repair with a Knotless Self-Reinforcing Technique
Authors: Mook William R. , Greenspoon Joshua A. , Millett Peter J. 
Published: July 2016

Background:
Rotator cuff tears are a significant cause of shoulder morbidity. Surgical techniques for repair have evolved to optimize the biologic and mechanical variables critical to tendon healing. Double-row repairs have demonstrated superior biomechanical advantages to a single-row.

Methods:
The preferred technique for rotator cuff repair of the senior author was reviewed and described in a step by step fashion. The final construct is a knotless double row transosseous equivalent construct.

Results:
The described technique includes the advantages of a double-row construct while also offering self reinforcement, decreased risk of suture cut through, decreased risk of medial row overtensioning and tissue strangulation, improved vascularity, the efficiency of a knotless system, and no increased risk for subacromial impingement from the burden of suture knots.

Conclusion:
Arthroscopic knotless double row rotator cuff repair is a safe and effective method to repair rotator cuff tears.
Patch-Augmented Rotator Cuff Repair and Superior Capsule Reconstruction
Authors: Petri M. , Greenspoon J.A. , Moulton S.G. , Millett P.J. 
Published: July 2016

Background:
Massive rotator cuff tears in active patients with minimal glenohumeral arthritis remain a particular challenge for the treating surgeon.

Methods:
A selective literature search was performed and personal surgical experiences are reported.

Results:
For patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears, a reverse shoulder arthroplasty or a tendon transfer are often performed. However, both procedures have rather high complication rates and debatable long-term results, particularly in younger patients. Therefore, patch-augmented rotator cuff repair or superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) have been recently developed as arthroscopically applicable treatment options, with promising biomechanical and early clinical results.

Conclusion:
For younger patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears wishing to avoid tendon transfers or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, both patch-augmentation and SCR represent treatment options that may delay the need for more invasive surgery.
Non-Operative Management of Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Petri M. , Ettinger M. , Brand S. , Stuebig T. , Krettek C. , Omar M. 
Published: July 2016

Background:
The role of nonoperative management for rotator cuff tears remains a matter of debate. Clinical results reported in the literature mainly consist of level IV studies, oftentimes combining a mixed bag of tear sizes and configurations, and are contradictory to some extent.

Methods:
A selective literature search was performed and personal surgical experiences are reported.

Results:
Most studies show an overall success rate of around 75% for nonoperative treatment. However, the majority of studies also present a progression of tear size and fatty muscle infiltration over time, with however debatable clinical relevance for the patient. Suggested factors associated with progression of a rotator cuff tear are an age of 60 years or older, full-thickness tears, and fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff muscles at the time of initial diagnosis.

Conclusion:
Non-operative management is indicated for patients with lower functional demands and moderate symptoms, and/or of course for those refusing to have surgery.
Close routinely monitoring regarding development of tear size should be performed, especially in patients that remain symptomatic during nonoperative treatment.
To ensure judicious patient counseling, it has to be taken into account that 1) tears that are initially graded as reparable may become irreparable over time, and 2) results after secondary surgical therapy after failed nonoperative treatment are usually reported to be inferior to those who underwent primary tendon repair.
Az ügyfélcentrikus szervezeti kultúra fejlesztése: a Magyar Posta példája
Authors: Farkas Éva , Petrovics Mária 
Published: July 2016

Esettanulmányunk egy szervezeti változásokkal, szervezeti innovációkkal foglalkozó kutatás keretei közé illeszkedik, a tudásigény megváltozását és a postai piac liberalizációja generálta változásokat vizsgálja a Magyar Posta Zrt-nél. A dolgozat elsősorban a hivatali szemlélet átalakulásának folyamatára, valamint az elvárt tudáskészlet összetételének módosulására koncentrál, illetve arra, milyen szervezeti változások segítették elő az ügyfélcentrikus szervezeti kultúra kialakulását. Az interjúk alapján azt mondhatjuk, hogy a „hivatalból szolgáltatóvá válás” folyamata a mai napig nem zárult le, viszont a munkavállalók körébenegyre inkább megfigyelhető az ügyfélcentrikus szemlélet. A vezetői szinteken egyelőre a hierarchia és a status quo megőrzésére több figyelmet fordítanak, mint a szervezeti kultúra új értékeinek képviseletére.
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: D23, M14
Feasibility and Outcomes of an Internet-Based Mindfulness Training Program: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kvillemo Pia , Brandberg Yvonne , Bränström Richard 
Published: July 2016

Background
Interventions based on meditation and mindfulness techniques have been shown to reduce stress and increase psychological well-being in a wide variety of populations. Self-administrated Internet-based mindfulness training programs have the potential to be a convenient, cost-effective, easily disseminated, and accessible alternative to group-based programs.

Objective
This randomized controlled pilot trial with 90 university students in Stockholm, Sweden, explored the feasibility, usability, acceptability, and outcomes of an 8-week Internet-based mindfulness training program.

Methods
Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention (n=46) or an active control condition (n=44). Intervention participants were invited to an Internet-based 8-week mindfulness program, and control participants were invited to an Internet-based 4-week expressive writing program. The programs were automated apart from weekly reminders via email. Main outcomes in pre- and postassessments were psychological well-being and depression symptoms. To assess the participant’s experiences, those completing the full programs were asked to fill out an assessment questionnaire and 8 of the participants were interviewed using a semistructured interview guide. Descriptive and inferential statistics, as well as content analysis, were performed.

Results
In the mindfulness program, 28 out of 46 students (60%) completed the first week and 18 out of 46 (39%) completed the full program. In the expressive writing program, 35 out of 44 students (80%) completed the first week and 31 out of 44 (70%) completed the full program. There was no statistically significantly stronger intervention effect for the mindfulness intervention compared to the active control intervention. Those completing the mindfulness group reported high satisfaction with the program. Most of those interviewed were satisfied with the layout and technique and with the support provided by the study coordinators. More frequent contact with study coordinators was suggested as a way to improve program adherence and completion. Most participants considered the program to be meaningful and helpful but also challenging. The flexibility in performing the exercises at a suitable time and place was appreciated. A major difficulty was, however, finding enough time to practice.

Conclusions
The program was usable, acceptable, and showed potential for increasing psychological well-being for those completing it. However, additional modification of the program might be needed to increase retention and compliance.

ClinicalTrial
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02062762; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT0206276 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6j9I5SGJ4)
Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitors and Clinical Outcomes in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Badve Sunil V. , Pascoe Elaine M. , Burke Michael , Clayton Philip A. , Campbell Scott B. , Hawley Carmel M. , Lim Wai H. , McDonald Stephen P. , Wong Germaine , Johnson David W. 
Published: July 2016

Background and objectives
Emerging evidence from recently published observational studies and an individual patient data meta–analysis shows that mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor use in kidney transplantation is associated with increased mortality. Therefore, all-cause mortality and allograft loss were compared between use and nonuse of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors in patients from Australia and New Zealand, where mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor use has been greater because of heightened skin cancer risk.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Our longitudinal cohort study included 9353 adult patients who underwent 9558 kidney transplants between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 2012 and had allograft survival ≥1 year. Risk factors for all-cause death and all–cause and death–censored allograft loss were analyzed by multivariable Cox regression using mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor as a time-varying covariate. Additional analyses evaluated mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor use at fixed time points of baseline and 1 year.

Results
Patients using mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors were more likely to be white and have a history of pretransplant cancer. Over a median follow-up of 7 years, 1416 (15%) patients died, and 2268 (24%) allografts were lost. There was a higher risk of all-cause mortality with time–varying mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor use (hazard ratio, 1.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.23 to 1.76) as well as in the fixed time model analyses comparing mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor use at baseline (hazard ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.22 to 1.93) and 1 year (hazard ratio, 1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.32 to 2.01). Time–varying mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor use was associated with higher risk of death because of malignancy (hazard ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.09 to 1.71). There were no statistically significant differences in the risk of all–cause (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 1.12) and death–censored (hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.69 to 1.03) allograft loss between the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor use and nonuse groups in the time-varying model as well as the fixed time models.

Conclusions
Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor use was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality but not allograft loss.
Renal Survival in Patients with Collapsing Compared with Not Otherwise Specified FSGS
Authors: Laurin Louis-Philippe , Gasim Adil M. , Derebail Vimal K. , McGregor JulieAnne G. , Kidd Jason M. , Hogan Susan L. , Poulton Caroline J. , Detwiler Randal K. , Jennette J. Charles , Falk Ronald J. , Nachman Patrick H. 
Published: July 2016

Background and objectives
Idiopathic collapsing FSGS has historically been associated with poor renal outcomes. Minimal clinical data exist on the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy. Our study sought to provide a comprehensive description of renal survival in patients with collapsing and not otherwise specified FSGS after controlling for factors affecting renal prognosis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We performed a retrospective analysis of an inception cohort study of patients diagnosed between 1989 and 2012. All potential patients with collapsing FSGS fulfilling the inclusion criteria were identified and compared with patients with not otherwise specified FSGS (approximately 1:2 ratio) on the basis of biopsy report and record availability. Time to ESRD was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
In total, 187 patients were studied (61 collapsing and 126 not otherwise specified), with a mean follow-up of 96 months. At baseline, patients with collapsing FSGS had higher median proteinuria (12.2 [5.6–14.8] versus 4.4 [2.3–8.1] g/d, respectively; P<0.001), lower median albuminemia (2.4 [1.9–3.0] versus 2.9 [1.8–3.7] g/dl, respectively; P=0.12), and lower median eGFR (48 [26–73] versus 60 [42–92] ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively; P=0.01) than patients with not otherwise specified FSGS. The proportion of patients with remission of proteinuria was similar in patients with collapsing FSGS and patients with not otherwise specified FSGS (65.7% [23 of 35] versus 63.2% [72 of 114], respectively; P=0.84). The overall renal outcome (ESRD defined as eGFR<15 ml/min per 1.73 m2, dialysis, or transplantation) of patients with collapsing FSGS was not poorer than that of patients with not otherwise specified FSGS in multivariate analyses after adjusting for baseline characteristics and immunotherapy (hazard ratio, 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.92 to 3.45).

Conclusions
Compared with not otherwise specified FSGS, idiopathic collapsing FSGS presented with more severe nephrotic syndrome and lower eGFR but had a similar renal survival after controlling for exposure to immunosuppressive treatment. These results highlight the importance of early diagnosis and institution of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with collapsing FSGS.
I Do (Sort of): Tax Planning Strategies for Same-Sex Couples in Common-Law Marriage States after Marriage Equality
Authors: Masselli John J. , Runkel Blanca L. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
The U.S. Supreme Court, in Obergefell v. Hodges, ruled that the fundamental right to marry is constitutionally guaranteed to same-sex couples. However, neither this decision nor subsequent Treasury regulations specifically address common-law marriage (currently allowed in 11 states), the majority of which previously required marriage to be between opposite-sex couples. After Obergefell ruled such requirements unconstitutional, nine of those states modified their common-law statutes to include same-sex couples. Because the federal government has long recognized common-law marriage, this paper discusses prospective and retroactive income and wealth-transfer tax planning opportunities for eligible, common-law married, same-sex couples that qualify to file as married filing jointly for the current tax year and any open tax year for which they would have been considered common-law married. This manuscript presents a legal discussion, along with a variety of examples and tax planning strategies for same-sex couples in common-law marriage states.