bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unique diversity of radioactive particles found in the Yenisei River floodplain
Authors: Bolsunovsky Alexander , Melgunov Mikhail , Chuguevskii Alexey , Lind Ole Christian , Salbu Brit 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe long-term operation of three reactors and the radiochemical plant of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC), Russia’s largest producer of weapons-grade plutonium, has resulted in radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain. From 1995 to 2016, we found more than 200 radioactive particles (RP) in the Yenisei floodplain, downstream of the MCC. Analytical characterization showed that most of the RP were fuel particles, which were carried into the river after incidents at the MCC reactors. Having compared the 137Cs/134Cs ratios in the particles, we determined three time intervals when the RP were formed. The plutonium isotope ratios (238Pu/239,240Pu) vary substantially between the particles and indicate several different source terms. In addition to fuel RP, we found particles that only contained activation products (60Co or europium isotopes). SEM and γ-spectrometry showed that the cobalt particles could have originated from the corrosion of the reactor coolant system and the europium particles – from the damaged compensating rods. No europium particles have been found anywhere else in the world. The presence of RP from different sources (fuel, cobalt, and europium particles) in the Yenisei River floodplain makes this region a unique site for studying environmental effects of the particles. These RP represent point sources of radioecological significance.
JinqiJiangtang tablets for pre-diabetes: A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Wang Hui , Guo Liping , Shang Hongcai , Ren Ming , Wang Xuemei , Wang Dehui , Chen Jianzong , Li Shuanglei , Chen Liming , Wang Yue , Liu Zhi , Zhai Jingbo , Song Yuzhen , Cao Hongbo , Zhang Junhua , Liu Chunxiang , Sun Xiao , Huo Da , Mu Wei , Zhang Li , Zheng Wenke , Yan Xiaoyan , Yao Chen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study observed the efficacy and safety of JinqiJiangtang tablets (JQJT tablets, a traditional Chinese patent medicine) for pre-diabetes. Four hundred patients with pre-diabetes at five centres were treated for 12months and followed for an additional 12months to investigate the preventative effects of JQJT tablets (Registration ID: ChiCTR-PRC-09000401). The incidence rate of diabetes mellitus was the primary endpoint. The risk of converting from pre-diabetes to diabetes was 0.58-fold less in the JQJT tablets group than in the placebo group [HR (95% CI): 0.58 (0.384, 0.876), P = 0.010]. Furthermore, the probability of achieving normalized blood glucose was 1.41-fold greater in the JQJT tablets group than in the placebo group [HR (95% CI): 1.41 (1.002, 1.996), P = 0.0049]. ITT analysis revealed that the incidence of diabetes upon treatment completion was 16.5% in the JQJT tablets group compared with 28.9% in the control group. The percentage of patients with normalized blood glucose upon 12-month intervention was 41.8% in the JQJT tablets group compared with 27.8% in the control group. JQJT tablets could be an effective intervention for preventative treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Identification of endoxylanase XynE from Clostridium thermocellum as the first xylanase of glycoside hydrolase family GH141
Authors: Heinze Simon , Mechelke Matthias , Kornberger Petra , Liebl Wolfgang , Schwarz Wolfgang H. , Zverlov Vladimir V. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEnzymes that cleave polysaccharides in lignocellulose, i. e., cellulases, xylanases, and accessory enzymes, play crucial roles in the natural decomposition of plant-derived biomass and its efficient and sustainable processing into biofuels or other bulk chemicals. The analysis of open reading frame cthe_2195 from the thermophilic, cellulolytic anaerobeClostridium thermocellum(also known as‘Ruminiclostridium thermocellum’) suggested that it encoded a cellulosomal protein comprising a dockerin-I module, a carbohydrate-binding module, and a module of previously unknown function. The biochemical characterisation upon recombinant expression inEscherichia colirevealed that the protein is a thermostable endoxylanase, named Xyn141E with an optimal pH of 6.0–6.5 and a temperature optimum of 67–75 °C. The substrate spectrum of Xyn141E resembles that of GH10 xylanases, because of its side activities on carboxymethyl cellulose, barley β-glucan, and mannan. Conversely, the product spectrum of Xyn141E acting on arabinoxylan is similar to those of GH11, as established by HPAEC-PAD analysis. Xyn141E is weakly related (20.7% amino acid sequence identity) to the founding member of the recently established GH family 141 and is the first xylanase in this new family of biomass-degrading enzymes.
Soluble HLA-associated peptide from PSF1 has a cancer vaccine potency
Authors: Yoshida Mari , Ishioka Yukichi , Ozawa Takamasa , Okuyama Hirohisa , Iguchi Motofumi , Ota Takeshi , Ito Takaomi , Nagira Morio , Morita Atsushi , Tanaka Hidekazu , Naito Hisamichi , Kidoya Hiroyasu , Takakura Nobuyuki 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPartner of sld five 1 (PSF1) is an evolutionary conserved DNA replication factor involved in DNA replication in lower species, which is strongly expressed in normal stem cell populations and progenitor cell populations. Recently, we have investigated PSF1 functions in cancer cells and found that PSF1 plays a significant role in tumour growth. These findings provide initial evidence for the potential of PSF1 as a therapeutic target. Here, we reveal that PSF1 contains an immunogenic epitope suitable for an antitumour vaccine. We analysed PSF1 peptides eluted from affinity-purified human leukocyte antigen (HLA) by mass spectrometry and identified PSF179–87peptide (YLYDRLLRI) that has the highest prediction score using anin silicoalgorithm. PSF179–87peptide induced PSF1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses such as the production of interferon-γ and cytotoxicity. Because PSF1 is expressed in cancer cell populations and highly expressed in cancer stem cell populations, these data suggest that vaccination with PSF179–87peptide may be a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
Idiopathic male infertility and polymorphisms in the DNA methyltransferase genes involved in epigenetic marking
Authors: Tang Qiuqin , Chen Yiqiu , Wu Wei , Ding Hongjuan , Xia Yankai , Chen Daozhen , Wang Xinru 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the association between male infertility and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) genes (DNMT3B: rs2424909, DNMT1: rs4804490, DNMT3A: rs1550117 and DNMT3L: rs7354779). Eight hundred and thirty three idiopathic infertile males and four hundred and ten fertile controls from the hospitals affiliated to Nanjing Medical University between 2010 and 2012 were recruited in the study. We demonstrated a significantly increased risk of idiopathic infertility with abnormal semen parameters in association with the heterozygous genotype of variant rs4804490. Moreover, the AA genotype of variant rs4804490 was associated with significantly decreased risk for male infertility with abnormal semen parameters. A decreased risk of idiopathic infertility with abnormal semen parameters was associated with the homozygous genotype of variant rs2424909. These results suggested that variants in different DNMT genes have different relationships with idiopathic male infertility, and Chinese men carrying these variants have an increased or decreased risk of abnormal semen parameters.
Generation of octave-spanning mid-infrared pulses from cascaded second-order nonlinear processes in a single crystal
Authors: Yin Yanchun , Ren Xiaoming , Chew Andrew , Li Jie , Wang Yang , Zhuang Fengjiang , Wu Yi , Chang Zenghu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe report on experimental generation of a 6.8 μJ laser pulse spanning from 1.8 to 4.2 μm from cascaded second-order nonlinear processes in a 0.4-mm BiB3O6 (BIBO) crystal. The nonlinear processes are initiated by intra-pulse difference frequency generation (DFG) using spectrally broadened Ti:Sapphire spectrum, followed by optical parametric amplification (OPA) of the DFG pulse. The highest energy, 12.6 μJ, is achieved in a 0.8-mm BIBO crystal with a spectrum spanning from 1.8 to 3.5 μm. Such cascaded nonlinear processes are enabled by the broadband pump and the coincident phase matching angle of DFG and OPA. The spectrum is initiated from the DFG process and is thus expected to have passive stable carrier-envelope phase, which can be used to seed either a chirped pulse amplifier (CPA) or an optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier (OPCPA) for achieving high-energy few-cycle mid-infrared pulses. Such cascaded second-order nonlinear processes can be found in many other crystals such as KTA, which can extend wavelengths further into mid-infrared. We achieved a 0.8 μJ laser pulse spanning from 2.2 to 5.0 μm in KTA.
Impact of protein O-GlcNAcylation on neural tube malformation in diabetic embryopathy
Authors: Kim Gyuyoup , Cao Lixue , Reece E. Albert , Zhao Zhiyong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDiabetes mellitus in early pregnancy can cause neural tube defects (NTDs) in embryos by perturbing protein activity, causing cellular stress, and increasing programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the tissues required for neurulation. Hyperglycemia augments a branch pathway in glycolysis, the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), to increase uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). GlcNAc can be added to proteins by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) to regulate protein activity. In the embryos of diabetic mice, OGT is highly activated in association with increases in global protein O-GlcNAcylation. In neural stem cells in vitro, high glucose elevates O-GlcNAcylation and reactive oxygen species, but the elevations can be suppressed by an OGT inhibitor. Inhibition of OGT in diabetic pregnant mice in vivo decreases NTD rate in the embryos. This effect is associated with reduction in global O-GlcNAcylation, alleviation of intracellular stress, and decreases in apoptosis in the embryos. These suggest that OGT plays an important role in diabetic embryopathy via increasing protein O-GlcNAcylation, and that inhibiting OGT could be a candidate approach to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies.
Understanding of multi-level resistive switching mechanism in GeOx through redox reaction in H2O2/sarcosine prostate cancer biomarker detection
Authors: Samanta Subhranu , Rahaman Sheikh Ziaur , Roy Anisha , Jana Surajit , Chakrabarti Somsubhra , Panja Rajeswar , Roy Sourav , Dutta Mrinmoy , Ginnaram Sreekanth , Prakash Amit , Maikap Siddheswar , Cheng Hsin-Ming , Tsai Ling-Na , Qiu Jian-Tai , Ray Samit K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFormation-free multi-level resistive switching characteristics by using 10 nm-thick polycrystalline GeOx film in a simple W/GeOx/W structure and understanding of switching mechanism through redox reaction in H2O2/sarcosine sensing (or changing Ge°/Ge4+ oxidation states under external bias) have been reported for the first time. Oxidation states of Ge0/Ge4+ are confirmed by both XPS and H2O2 sensing of GeOx membrane in electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor structure. Highly repeatable 1000 dc cycles and stable program/erase (P/E) endurance of >106 cycles at a small pulse width of 100 ns are achieved at a low operation current of 0.1 µA. The thickness of GeOx layer is found to be increased to 12.5 nm with the reduction of polycrystalline grain size of <7 nm after P/E of 106 cycles, which is observed by high-resolution TEM. The switching mechanism is explored through redox reaction in GeOx membrane by sensing 1 nM H2O2, which is owing to the change of oxidation states from Ge0 to Ge4+ because of the enhanced O2− ions migration in memory device under external bias. In addition, sarcosine as a prostate cancer biomarker with low concentration of 50 pM to 10 µM is also detected.
A signal-on built in-marker electrochemical aptasensor for human prostate-specific antigen based on a hairbrush-like gold nanostructure
Authors: Sattarahmady Naghmeh , Rahi Amid , Heli Hossein 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA green electrodeposition method was firstly employed for the synthesis of round hairbrush-like gold nanostructure in the presence of cadaverine as a size and shape directing additive. The nanostructure which comprised of arrays of nanospindles was then applied as a transducer to fabricate a signal-on built in-marker electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of human prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The aptasensor detected PSA with a linear concentration range of 0.125 to 128 ng mL−1 and a limit of detection of 50 pg mL−1. The aptasensor was then successfully applied to detect PSA in the blood serum samples of healthy and patient persons.
Advancing The Cancer Genome Atlas glioma MRI collections with expert segmentation labels and radiomic features
Authors: Bakas Spyridon , Akbari Hamed , Sotiras Aristeidis , Bilello Michel , Rozycki Martin , Kirby Justin S. , Freymann John B. , Farahani Keyvan , Davatzikos Christos 
Published: September 2017

AbstractGliomas belong to a group of central nervous system tumors, and consist of various sub-regions. Gold standard labeling of these sub-regions in radiographic imaging is essential for both clinical and computational studies, including radiomic and radiogenomic analyses. Towards this end, we release segmentation labels and radiomic features for all pre-operative multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n=243) of the multi-institutional glioma collections of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), publicly available in The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). Pre-operative scans were identified in both glioblastoma (TCGA-GBM, n=135) and low-grade-glioma (TCGA-LGG, n=108) collections via radiological assessment. The glioma sub-region labels were produced by an automated state-of-the-art method and manually revised by an expert board-certified neuroradiologist. An extensive panel of radiomic features was extracted based on the manually-revised labels. This set of labels and features should enable i) direct utilization of the TCGA/TCIA glioma collections towards repeatable, reproducible and comparative quantitative studies leading to new predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic assessments, as well as ii) performance evaluation of computer-aided segmentation methods, and comparison to our state-of-the-art method.
Calcified Epidermoid Cyst at an Unusual Location in a 5-Year-Old Child with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Giri Pramod , Jaiswal Kirti , Bhatkule Milind , Chavan Vaibhav 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn epidermoid cyst is a rare intracranial neoplasm. It is mostly found in cerebellopontine angle, suprasellar region, interhemispheric fissure, and is rarely found in other locations too. Epidermoid cyst at the parietooccipital area is rare, and calcification among epidermoids is very unusual and dystrophic in nature. The clinical presentation is usually in adults because of slow-growing nature of epidermoid cyst. Here, we present the case of a 5-year-old child with intellectual disability who presented with seizure and frequent crying episodes and was diagnosed with an intradural extra-axial calcified mass of size 8 × 5.5 × 5 cm in the right parietooccipital region which turned out to be a calcified epidermoid cyst and was excised successfully in toto. This is the youngest reported case of the calcified epidermoid cyst at an unusual site of our knowledge.
Increased risk and severity of ERCP-related complications associated with asymptomatic common bile duct stones
Authors: Saito Hirokazu , Kakuma Tatsuyuki , Kadono Yoshihiro , Urata Atsushi , Kamikawa Kentaro , Imamura Haruo , Tada Shuji 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic removal of asymptomatic common bile duct stones (CBDS) is generally recommended. Although many reports have described the risk of complications in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), no studies have addressed this problem in the context of asymptomatic CBDS. This study examines the risk of complications arising in ERCP for asymptomatic CBDS.
Patients and methods This retrospective study included 425 patients with naive papilla who underwent therapeutic ERCP for choledocholithiasis at 2 institutions in Japan for 2 years. The risk of complications was examined in patients who were divided into the asymptomatic and symptomatic CBDS groups. We used propensity score analysis to adjust for confounding effects.
Results Complications were observed in 32 (7.5 %) of the 425 patients. Of the 358 patients with symptomatic CBDS, 14 patients (3.9 %) had complications. In contrast, of the 67 patients with asymptomatic CBDS, 18 patients (26.9 %) had complications. Propensity score analysis revealed that asymptomatic CBDS was a significant risk factor, with a significantly higher incidence of complications compared with symptomatic CBDS (odds ratio, 5.3). Moderate to severe complications were observed in 15 of 18 patients (83.3 %) in the asymptomatic CBDS group, with significantly more moderate to severe complications than those in the symptomatic CBDS (odds ratio, 6.7).
Conclusions Asymptomatic CBDS carried a high risk of ERCP-related complications, and these were often more severe. In asymptomatic CBDS, endoscopic treatment should be carefully performed after considering the patient’s background, and detailed explanation of its possible complications should be given to patients in advance.
SOP Standardisiertes Vorgehen in der Diagnostik und Therapie des periokulären Basalzellkarzinoms
Authors: Kakkassery Vinodh , Heindl Ludwig 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungDas Basalzellkarzinom stellt den häufigsten malignen Tumor am Auge dar. Ziel des Beitrages ist es, ein systematisches und standardisiertes Vorgehen in Diagnose, Therapie und Nachsorge periokulärer Basalzellkarzinome darzustellen. Die Interpretation von klinischen Zeichen sowie die diagnostische Sicherung von Basalzellkarzinomen sind entscheidend vor der definitiven Therapieeinleitung. Die chirurgische Sanierung des Basalzellkarzinoms stellt die wichtigste Therapiemöglichkeit dar, die sich von der mikroskopisch kontrollierten Exzision im Gesunden bis hin zur anschließenden vielfältigen Deckung des Defektbefundes erstreckt. Ebenso werden alternative Therapieverfahren, wie die zielgerichtete Therapie mittels Hedgehog-Inhibitoren oder die Bestrahlung, gerade bei ausgeprägten Befunden angesprochen. Die Nachsorge des Basalzellkarzinoms stellt einen weiteren Baustein in der Patientenversorgung dar. Ein besonderer Fokus der Arbeit liegt gerade in der speziellen Beleuchtung der Sondersituation der Basalzellkarzinombehandlung am Auge sowie die Einbettung der Versorgungsoptionen in die nationalen S2-Leitlinien der Dermatologie.
Composition of the Essential Oil of Coristospermum cuneifolium and Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation
Authors: Venditti Alessandro , Frezza Claudio , Salutari Giulia , di Cecco Mirella , Ciaschetti Giampiero , Oliva Alessandra , De Angelis Massimiliano , Vullo Vincenzo , Sabatino Manuela , Garzoli Stefania , Pepi Federico , Ragno Rino , Serafini Mauro , Bianco Armandodoriano 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFor the first time, the chemical composition and antimicrobial evaluation of Coristospermum cuneifolium (previously named Ligusticum lucidum subsp. cuneifolium) essential oil obtained from the aerial parts are reported in this work. Approximately 85% of the total constituents were identified by GC-MS analysis, evidencing the presence of 12 chemical components which belong to several classes of natural compounds. Most of them are reported for the first time in the Ligusticum genus (s.l.) and in the Apiaceae family. Their presence was able to provide a rationale for essential oil use in the field similar to those obtained from other species of the Ligusticum genus (s.l.). Moreover, the huge presence of aromatizing and flavoring components, accounting for 44.4% of the essential oil composition, might make C. cuneifolium a useful natural source of aromatic components for the food and cosmetic fields. In addition to this, a deep comparison of the essential oil of this species with that of other entities within the Ligusticum genus (s.l.) was performed and discussed on a chemotaxonomic basis.The essential oil was tested for its antimicrobial activity at both high and low inoculum (~5×105 and ~ 5×103 cfu/mL, respectively) against several bacterial and fungal strains, including methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Candida albicans (ATCC 14053), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (clinical strain), carbapenem-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (clinical strain), carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (clinical strain), and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (clinical strain).A high potency against C. albicans was shown, with an absence of growth at the concentration of 3.01 mg/mL; similarly, for methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus, a reduction of 1.73 and 2 log10 cfu/mL at the concentration of 3.01 mg/mL was observed. With regard to gram-negative microorganisms, only slight potency against A. baumannii was shown, whereas no activity was found against E. coli and K. pneumoniae.
Self-reflection in illness and health: literal and metaphorical?
Authors: David Anthony 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSelf-reflection describes a series of processes whereby a person appraises, evaluates or judges themselves. This appraisal can be in terms of physical, psychological or moral attributes. A number of self-reflection tasks have been designed and applied in experimental psychology and clinical settings. What is not known is whether self-reflection is a valid construct for study and whether it has any clinical implications for psychiatric patients deemed to have impaired self-reflection or “insight”. One design is to contrast the appraisal of another person with that of the self. Although it would be useful to measure this appraisal against a gold standard, that is not always possible. Similarly there may be doubt about what the person really thinks as opposed to what they may say. Nevertheless, the simple act of self-reflection can be studied using cognitive neuroscience methods. It appears that a certain brain network, the central midline system (CMS), is engaged in this task. People with mental disorders, especially those at the psychotic end of the spectrum, often see themselves differently from how others see them and the term lack of insight may be used to describe this situation. Recent neuroimaging research has shown that those whose self-appraisal accords most with others, especially their doctors’, show greater activation in the CMS and may have a better clinical outcome. One potential therapeutic approach with such patients to encourage self-reflection has been to make use of literal self-reflection through photographs and video.
Farmer Preferences for Agricultural Soil Carbon Sequestration Schemes
Authors: Gramig Benjamin M , Widmar Nicole J O 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe sizable technical potential to sequester atmospheric carbon in soils to mitigate climate change will only be realized where and when there is also economic potential. A choice experiment conducted with a random sample of farmers in the State of Indiana, United States, revealed that farmers who have not previously adopted reduced tillage practices on any of their land require a $40 per acre increase in net revenue to switch from conventional tillage to no‐till. We estimate that farmers have a $10.57/acre option value of not signing a multi‐year sequestration contract, and find that government payments are preferred to carbon markets.