bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRPV4 activation triggers protective responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides in airway epithelial cells
Authors: Alpizar Yeranddy A. , Boonen Brett , Sanchez Alicia , Jung Carole , López-Requena Alejandro , Naert Robbe , Steelant Brecht , Luyts Katrien , Plata Cristina , De Vooght Vanessa , Vanoirbeek Jeroen A. J. , Meseguer Victor M. , Voets Thomas , Alvarez Julio L. , Hellings Peter W. , Hoet Peter H. M. , Nemery Benoit , Valverde Miguel A. , Talavera Karel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLipopolysaccharides (LPS), the major components of the wall of gram-negative bacteria, trigger powerful defensive responses in the airways via mechanisms thought to rely solely on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) immune pathway. Here we show that airway epithelial cells display an increase in intracellular Ca2+concentration within seconds of LPS application. This response occurs in a TLR4-independent manner, via activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 cation channel (TRPV4). We found that TRPV4 mediates immediate LPS-induced increases in ciliary beat frequency and the production of bactericidal nitric oxide. Upon LPS challenge TRPV4-deficient mice display exacerbated ventilatory changes and recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the airways. We conclude that LPS-induced activation of TRPV4 triggers signaling mechanisms that operate faster and independently from the canonical TLR4 immune pathway, leading to immediate protective responses such as direct antimicrobial action, increase in airway clearance, and the regulation of the inflammatory innate immune reaction.
Genome-wide association study identifies the SERPINB gene cluster as a susceptibility locus for food allergy
Authors: Marenholz Ingo , Grosche Sarah , Kalb Birgit , Rüschendorf Franz , Blümchen Katharina , Schlags Rupert , Harandi Neda , Price Mareike , Hansen Gesine , Seidenberg Jürgen , Röblitz Holger , Yürek Songül , Tschirner Sebastian , Hong Xiumei , Wang Xiaobin , Homuth Georg , Schmidt Carsten O. , Nöthen Markus M. , Hübner Norbert , Niggemann Bodo , Beyer Kirsten , Lee Young-Ae 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGenetic factors and mechanisms underlying food allergy are largely unknown. Due to heterogeneity of symptoms a reliable diagnosis is often difficult to make. Here, we report a genome-wide association study on food allergy diagnosed by oral food challenge in 497 cases and 2387 controls. We identify five loci at genome-wide significance, the clade B serpin (SERPINB) gene cluster at 18q21.3, the cytokine gene cluster at 5q31.1, the filaggrin gene, theC11orf30/LRRC32locus, and the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region. Stratifying the results for the causative food demonstrates that association of the HLA locus is peanut allergy-specific whereas the other four loci increase the risk for any food allergy. Variants in the SERPINB gene cluster are associated withSERPINB10expression in leukocytes. Moreover, SERPINB genes are highly expressed in the esophagus. All identified loci are involved in immunological regulation or epithelial barrier function, emphasizing the role of both mechanisms in food allergy.
Bottom-up precise synthesis of stable platinum dimers on graphene
Authors: Yan Huan , Lin Yue , Wu Hong , Zhang Wenhua , Sun Zhihu , Cheng Hao , Liu Wei , Wang Chunlei , Li Junjie , Huang Xiaohui , Yao Tao , Yang Jinlong , Wei Shiqiang , Lu Junling 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSupported metal clusters containing only a few atoms are of great interest. Progress has been made in synthesis of metal single-atom catalysts. However, precise synthesis of metal dimers on high-surface area support remains a grand challenge. Here, we show that Pt2 dimers can be fabricated with a bottom–up approach on graphene using atomic layer deposition, through proper nucleation sites creation, Pt1 single-atom deposition and attaching a secondary Pt atom selectively on the preliminary one. Scanning transmission electron microscopy, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations suggest that the Pt2 dimers are likely in the oxidized form of Pt2Ox. In hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane, Pt2 dimers exhibit a high specific rate of 2800 molH2 molPt−1 min−1 at room temperature, ~17- and 45-fold higher than graphene supported Pt single atoms and nanoparticles, respectively. These findings open an avenue to bottom–up fabrication of supported atomically precise ultrafine metal clusters for practical applications.
High reactivity of deep biota under anthropogenic CO2 injection into basalt
Authors: Trias Rosalia , Ménez Bénédicte , le Campion Paul , Zivanovic Yvan , Lecourt Léna , Lecoeuvre Aurélien , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe , Uhl Jenny , Gislason Sigurður R. , Alfreðsson Helgi A. , Mesfin Kiflom G. , Snæbjörnsdóttir Sandra Ó. , Aradóttir Edda S. , Gunnarsson Ingvi , Matter Juerg M. , Stute Martin , Oelkers Eric H. , Gérard Emmanuelle 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBasalts are recognized as one of the major habitats on Earth, harboring diverse and active microbial populations. Inconsistently, this living component is rarely considered in engineering operations carried out in these environments. This includes carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies that seek to offset anthropogenic CO2 emissions into the atmosphere by burying this greenhouse gas in the subsurface. Here, we show that deep ecosystems respond quickly to field operations associated with CO2 injections based on a microbiological survey of a basaltic CCS site. Acidic CO2-charged groundwater results in a marked decrease (by ~ 2.5–4) in microbial richness despite observable blooms of lithoautotrophic iron-oxidizing Betaproteobacteria and degraders of aromatic compounds, which hence impact the aquifer redox state and the carbon fate. Host-basalt dissolution releases nutrients and energy sources, which sustain the growth of autotrophic and heterotrophic species whose activities may have consequences on mineral storage.
Identification and Validation of a PD-L1 Binding Peptide for Determination of PDL1 Expression in Tumors
Authors: Caldwell Charles , Johnson Cory E. , Balaji V. N. , Balaji Govardhan A. , Hammer Richard D. , Kannan Raghuraman 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBlocking the interaction between Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor, PD-1, is an effective method of treating many types of cancers. Certain tumors overexpress PD-L1, causing host immune cells that express PD-1 to bind PD-L1 and cease killing the tumor. Inhibition of PD-L1 and PD-1 binding can restore host immunity towards tumor killing, and many new drugs have been developed to target this interaction. Current methods of PD-L1 diagnosis have shown to vary based on the antibody, detection kit brand, antigen retrieval method, and clinically defined methods by the FDA. To refine detection of PD-L1, we have identified a peptide, RK-10, and used it to detect PD-L1 expressing tumors with immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry. Flow cytometry was performed on cell lines and patient tissues using a fluorescent peptide (RK-10-Cy5). Immunohistochemistry using a biotin-modified peptide (RK-10-Biotin) was tested against the FDA-approved SP263 clone on biopsied patient tissues. For this study, we evaluated specificity of RK-10 using IHC in over 200 patient tissues, including NSCLC and Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. RK-10 shows staining in the tumor regions of FFPE tissues where the SP263 kit does not. RK-10-Cy5 peptide also demonstrates PD-L1 detection in NSCLC, breast, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.
Effect of Nitrate Leaching Caused by Swine Manure Application in Fields of the Yellow River Irrigation Zone of Ningxia, China
Authors: Yang Shiqi , Wang Yongsheng , Liu Ruliang , Zhang Aiping , Yang Zhengli 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA five-year swine manure application trial and a study of nitrate leaching losses have been conducted. There were three treatments: traditional without manure (CK), traditional matched manure 4500 kg ha−2 (T1) and traditional matched manure 9000 kg ha−2 (T2). Nitrate nitrogen leaching losses at the 30-, 60-, and 90-cm soil layers were measured using the resin core method. The results indicate that the swine manure application did not noticeably increase soil nitrate leaching losses in the 30-cm layer. T1 (16.85 ± 0.40 kg ha−2) and T2 (17.01 °C0.46 kg ha−2) were not significantly different than CK (15.96 ± 0.41 kg ha−2) (P < 0.05), which was also the case at the 60-cm layer. However, there are significant differences between the treatments and CK at the 90-cm layer, although there were no significant differences between T1 and T2 in that layer. The application of manure can increase soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (TN). The SOM of T1 and T2 were increased to 0.95 g kg−1 and 1.41 g kg−1, respectively. The TN values of CK, T1 and T2 were 0.72, 0.78 and 0.88 g kg−1, respectively, in the 0 to 30 cm layer, and were improved by 7.72% and 22.04%.
Acoustic emission multiplets as early warnings of fatigue failure in metallic materials
Authors: Deschanel S. , Ben Rhouma W. , Weiss J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFatigue, i.e. the failure of mechanical structures under cycling loading, remains a considerable technological challenge as it occurs unexpectedly when the structure is operating apparently in a safe and steady state regime, without external signs of mechanical deterioration. Here we report for the first time, in different metallic materials, the detection of acoustic emissions specific of fatigue crack growth. These so-called acoustic multiplets are characterized by nearly identical waveforms, signature of a unique source, are repeatedly triggered over many successive loading cycles at the same stress level, and originate from a single location. They mark the slow, incremental propagation of a fatigue crack at each cycle, or the rubbing along its faces. Being specific to fatigue cracking, they can be used as early warnings of crack propagation, which will ultimately lead to structural failure. Their detection and characterization thus open the way towards a new, reliable monitoring of the onset of fatigue cracking during mechanical tests or within structures in service.
Antimicrobial Peptides Secreted From Human Cryopreserved Viable Amniotic Membrane Contribute to its Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Mao Yong , Hoffman Tyler , Singh-Varma Anya , Duan-Arnold Yi , Moorman Matthew , Danilkovitch Alla , Kohn Joachim 
Published: October 2017

AbstractChronic wounds remain a large problem in the field of medicine and are often associated with risk of infection and amputation. Recently, a commercially available human cryopreserved viable amniotic membrane (hCVAM) has been shown to effectively promote wound closure and reduce wound-related infections. A sprevious study indicates that hCVAM can inhibit the growth of bacteria associated with chronic wounds. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of hCVAM antimicrobial activity. Our data demonstrate that antimicrobial activities against common pathogens in chronic wounds such as P.aeruginosa, S.aureus and Methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) are mediated via the secretion of soluble factors by viable cells in hCVAM and that these factors are proteins in nature. Further, we show that genes for antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) including human beta-defensins (HBDs) are expressed by hCVAM and that expression levels positively correlate with antimicrobial activity of hCVAM. At the protein level, our data indicate that HBD2 and HBD3 are secreted by hCVAM and directly contribute to its activity against P. aeruginosa. These data provide evidence that soluble factors including AMPs are hCVAM antimicrobial agents and are consistent with a role for AMPs in mediating antimicrobial properties of the membrane.
Supervised Quantum Learning without Measurements
Authors: Alvarez-Rodriguez Unai , Lamata Lucas , Escandell-Montero Pablo , Martín-Guerrero José D. , Solano Enrique 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe propose a quantum machine learning algorithm for efficiently solving a class of problems encoded in quantum controlled unitary operations. The central physical mechanism of the protocol is the iteration of a quantum time-delayed equation that introduces feedback in the dynamics and eliminates the necessity of intermediate measurements. The performance of the quantum algorithm is analyzed by comparing the results obtained in numerical simulations with the outcome of classical machine learning methods for the same problem. The use of time-delayed equations enhances the toolbox of the field of quantum machine learning, which may enable unprecedented applications in quantum technologies.
Structural and Photophysical Properties of Methylammonium Lead Tribromide (MAPbBr3) Single Crystals
Authors: Wang Kai-Hung , Li Liang-Chen , Shellaiah Muthaiah , Wen Sun Kien 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe structural and photophysical characteristics of MAPbBr3 single crystals prepared using the inverse temperature crystallization method are evaluated using temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical spectroscopy. Contrary to previous research reports on perovskite materials, we study phase transitions in crystal lattice structures accompanied with changes in optical properties expand throughout a wide temperature range of 300–1.5 K. The XRD studies reveal several phase transitions occurred at ~210 K, ~145 K, and ~80 K, respectively. The coexistence of two different crystallographic phases was observed at a temperature below 145 K. The emission peaks in the PL spectra are all asymmetric in line shape with weak and broad shoulders near the absorption edges, which are attributed to the Br atom vacancy on the surface of the crystals. The time-resolved PL measurements reveal the effect of the desorption/adsorption of gas molecules on the crystal surface on the PL lifetimes. Raman spectroscopy results indicate the strong interplays between cations and different halide atoms. Lastly, no diamagnetic shift or split in emission peaks can be observed in the magneto-PL spectra even at an applied magnetic field up to 5 T and at a temperature as low as 1.5 K.
MKL1 expressed in macrophages contributes to the development of murine colitis
Authors: An Jianbo , Nagaishi Takashi , Watabe Taro , Naruse Taeko K. , Watanabe Mamoru , Kimura Akinori 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMice deficient in the megakaryoblastic leukaemia 1 (Mkl1) gene experience less severe dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, implying that Mkl1 plays a pathological role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the contribution of Mkl1 to the development of colitis remains to be elucidated. The expression of Mkl1 is higher in the colonic lamina propria macrophages (LPMac) of DSS-treated mice than in those of control mice. Therefore, we established a transgenic mouse line that overexpresses human MKL1 (MKL1-Tg) specifically in cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage, in order to investigate the potential role of macrophage MKL1 in the pathogenesis of colitis. MKL1-Tg mice displayed spontaneous colon shortening and rectal prolapse. Flow cytometric and quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that, in MKL1-Tg mice compared to littermate controls, the population of LPMac was decreased and had an altered inflammatory phenotype indicative of impaired anti-inflammatory properties, whereas bone marrow-derived macrophages from MKL1-Tg mice skewed towards M1 polarisation. In addition, MKL1-Tg mice had higher susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis than their littermate controls. These observations indicated that MKL1 crucially contributes to the development of colitis via the regulation of the function of macrophages, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of IBD.
Heterochronic evolution explains novel body shape in a Triassic coelacanth from Switzerland
Authors: Cavin Lionel , Mennecart Bastien , Obrist Christian , Costeur Loïc , Furrer Heinz 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA bizarre latimeriid coelacanth fish from the Middle Triassic of Switzerland shows skeletal features deviating from the uniform anatomy of coelacanths. The new form is closely related to a modern-looking coelacanth found in the same locality and differences between both are attributed to heterochronic evolution. Most of the modified osteological structures in the new coelacanth have their developmental origin in the skull/trunk interface region in the embryo. Change in the expression of developmental patterning genes, specifically the Pax1/9 genes, may explain a rapid evolution at the origin of the new coelacanth. This species broadens the morphological disparity range within the lineage of these ‘living fossils’ and exemplifies a case of rapid heterochronic evolution likely trigged by minor changes in gene expression.
Establishing the behavioural limits for countershaded camouflage
Authors: Penacchio Olivier , Harris Julie M. , Lovell P. George 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCountershading is a ubiquitous patterning of animals whereby the side that typically faces the highest illumination is darker. When tuned to specific lighting conditions and body orientation with respect to the light field, countershading minimizes the gradient of light the body reflects by counterbalancing shadowing due to illumination, and has therefore classically been thought of as an adaptation for visual camouflage. However, whether and how crypsis degrades when body orientation with respect to the light field is non-optimal has never been studied. We tested the behavioural limits on body orientation for countershading to deliver effective visual camouflage. We asked human participants to detect a countershaded target in a simulated three-dimensional environment. The target was optimally coloured for crypsis in a reference orientation and was displayed at different orientations. Search performance dramatically improved for deviations beyond 15 degrees. Detection time was significantly shorter and accuracy significantly higher than when the target orientation matched the countershading pattern. This work demonstrates the importance of maintaining body orientation appropriate for the displayed camouflage pattern, suggesting a possible selective pressure for animals to orient themselves appropriately to enhance crypsis.
Genetic association study identified a 20 kb regulatory element in WLS associated with osteoporosis and bone mineral density in Han Chinese
Authors: Zhang Dangfeng , Ge Zhaohui , Ma Xin , Zhi Liqiang , Zhang Yunzhi , Wu Xueyuan , Yao Shuxin , Ma Wei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPrevious studies have linked the WNT pathway and human skeleton formation; therefore, genes related to WNT might contribute to the onset and development of osteoporosis. In this study, we investigated the potential genetic association of WLS, which encodes an important mediator in the WNT pathway, with osteoporosis and its related quantitative traits in a sample of 6,620 individuals from Han Chinese population. A two-stage approach, with a discovery stage with 859 cases and 1,690 controls and a validation stage with 1,039 cases and 3,032 controls, was applied in the study. Forty SNPs were genotyped in the discovery stage. The intronic SNP rs2566752 was identified to be significantly associated with osteoporosis (ORdiscovery = 0.78, Pdiscovery = 3.73 × 10−5; ORvalidation = 0.80, Pvalidation = 1.96 × 10−5). Two SNPs surrounding rs2566752 (in addition to this SNP itself) were identified to be associated with bone mineral density. In addition, we have identified a 20 kb peak region of H3K27Ac histone mark enrichment between rs2772304 and rs2566752. Our study suggested that WLS is an important locus for osteoporosis and its related quantitative phenotypes in Han Chinese population. Additional sequencing-based studies are needed to investigate the genetic architecture of this regulatory region and its relationship with osteoporosis-related phenotypes.
Engraftment and morphological development of vascularized human iPS cell-derived 3D-cardiomyocyte tissue after xenotransplantation
Authors: Narita Hirokazu , Shima Fumiaki , Yokoyama Junya , Miyagawa Shigeru , Tsukamoto Yoshinari , Takamura Yasushi , Hiura Ayami , Fukumoto Ken , Chiba Tomohiro , Watanabe Seiji , Sawa Yoshiki , Akashi Mitsuru , Shimoda Hiroshi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOne of the major challenges in cell-based cardiac regenerative medicine is the in vitro construction of three-dimensional (3D) tissues consisting of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (iPSC-CM) and a blood vascular network supplying nutrients and oxygen throughout the tissue after implantation. We have successfully built a vascularized iPSC-CM 3D-tissue using our validated cell manipulation technique. In order to evaluate an availability of the 3D-tissue as a biomaterial, functional morphology of the tissues was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy through their implantation into the rat infarcted heart. Before implantation, the tissues showed distinctive myofibrils within iPSC-CMs and capillary-like endothelial tubes, but their profiles were still like immature. In contrast, engraftment of the tissues to the rat heart led the iPSC-CMs and endothelial tubes into organization of cell organelles and junctional apparatuses and prompt development of capillary network harboring host blood supply, respectively. A number of capillaries in the implanted tissues were derived from host vascular bed, whereas the others were likely to be composed by fusion of host and implanted endothelial cells. Thus, our vascularized iPSC-CM 3D-tissues may be a useful regenerative paradigm which will require additional expanded and long-term studies.
Halogenated Chrysins Inhibit Dengue and Zika Virus Infectivity
Authors: Suroengrit Aphinya , Yuttithamnon Wanchalerm , Srivarangkul Pimsiri , Pankaew Saran , Kingkaew Krongkan , Chavasiri Warinthorn , Boonyasuppayakorn Siwaporn 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDengue virus infection is a global threat for which no specific treatment has not been established. Previous reports suggested chrysin and flavanone derivatives were potential flaviviral inhibitors. Here, we reported two halogenated chrysins, abbreviated FV13 and FV14, were highly potent against DENV1-4 and ZIKV infectivities with the FV13 EC50 values of 2.30 ± 1.04, 1.47 ± 0.86, 2.32 ± 1.46, 1.78 ± 0.72 and 1.65 ± 0.86 µM; and FV14 EC50 values of 2.30 ± 0.92, 2.19 ± 0.31, 1.02 ± 0.31, 1.29 ± 0.60 and 1.39 ± 0.11 µM, respectively. The CC50s to LLC/MK2 of FV13 and FV14 were 44.28 ± 2.90 μM, 42.51 ± 2.53 µM, respectively. Mechanism of drug action studies suggested multiple targets but maximal efficiency was achieved with early post infection treatment. This is the first report showing a high potency of halogenated chrysins for development as a broad-spectrum anti-flaviviral drug.