bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint lavage followed by viscosupplementation and triamcinolone in patients with severe haemophilic arthropathy: objective functional results
Authors: Rezende M. U. , Andrusaitis F. R. , Silva R. T. , Okazaki E. , Carneiro J. D. A. , Campos G. C. , Pailo A. F. , Frucchi R. , Pasqualin T. , Villaça P. R. 
Published: November 2016

IntroductionViscosupplementation can improve function in haemophilia patients. Viscosupplementation results can be improved by prior joint lavage and triamcinolone administration.AimTo objectively assess whether viscosupplementation and associated triamcinolone use in patients with severe haemophilic arthropathy following joint lavage improves force and balance and reduces bleeding events.MethodsFourteen patients with haemophilic knee arthritis with and without the involvement of other joints underwent joint lavage and subsequent injections of Hylan G‐F20 and triamcinolone into all affected joints. Patients were evaluated with NeuroCom® force and balance platforms using the step‐up‐and‐over task (STP), sit‐to‐stand test (STS), one‐leg stance (UNI) and weight‐bearing squat (WBS) at baseline and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure. Bleeding events in the year prior to and the year after the procedure were analysed.ResultsSixteen knees, 15 ankles, eight elbows and one shoulder were treated. The STP results indicated improvements in the lift‐up indices (right leg) at all time points evaluated (P = 0.03). The STS results revealed coupled improvement in weight transfer and the rising index for up to a year (P = 0.02). Balance (UNI) with eyes open or closed improved in all evaluations. The WBS results revealed improvements at all degrees of flexion (0, P = 0.003; 30°, P = 0.001; 60°, P < 0.001 and 90°, P < 0.001). The numbers of total and traumatic bleeding events were reduced (P = 0.04).ConclusionJoint lavage followed by injections of triamcinolone and Hylan G‐F20 improved balance, function and bleeding events in severe haemophilic arthropathy patients.
Lacrimal Nerve Blocks for Three New Cases of Lacrimal Neuralgia
Authors: Cuadrado María‐Luz , Gutiérrez‐Viedma Álvaro , Silva‐Hernández Lorenzo , Orviz Aida , García‐Moreno Héctor 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveOur aim was to report three new cases of lacrimal neuralgia and their response to superficial nerve blocks.BackgroundLacrimal neuralgia has been recently described as a pain in the territory supplied by the lacrimal nerve, at the lateral upper eyelid and/or the adjacent area of the temple. The pain is typically accompanied by tenderness on palpation of the lacrimal nerve at the superoexternal angle of the orbit.MethodsBetween January 2015 and June 2016, we prospective identified three cases of lacrimal neuralgia among the patients attending the Headache Unit in a tertiary hospital. Anesthetic blocks were performed in all cases by inserting a 30‐G needle on the emergence of the nerve and injecting 0.5 cc of bupivacaine 0.5% subcutaneously.ResultsThree women aged 44, 49, and 51 presented with pain in the territory supplied by the lacrimal nerve. Two of them localized their pain in a small area of the right temple, while the remaining patient had pain in the right upper lateral eyelid and a small area of the lower lateral eyelid. The pain was continuous in two patients and episodic with attacks lasting 48 hours in one patient. All patients had tenderness on palpation of the lacrimal nerve. Anesthetic blocks confirmed the diagnosis of lacrimal neuralgia and provided the patients with long‐lasting pain relief.ConclusionsLacrimal neuralgia should be considered among the neuralgic causes of orbital and periorbital pain. Superficial nerve blocks may assist clinicians in the diagnosis and may also be a therapeutic option.
RNF43 mutation frequently occurs with GNAS mutation and mucin hypersecretion in intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct
Authors: Tsai Jia‐Huei , Liau Jau‐Yu , Yuan Chang‐Tsu , Cheng Mei‐Ling , Yuan Ray‐Hwang , Jeng Yung‐Ming 
Published: November 2016

AimsRNF43 is a tumour suppressor gene that suppresses the Wnt–β‐catenin signalling pathway. We investigated the role of RNF43 in intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB).Methods and resultsWe conducted mutation analysis of RNF43 in 50 IPNBs, and identified six (12%) RNF43 mutations. RNF43 mutation was more frequent in the intestinal subtype of IPNB (17%) than in the gastric/pancreatobiliary subtype (5%). There was a strong association of RNF43 mutation with GNAS (P = 0.007) mutation, and a borderline correlation with KRAS (P = 0.074) mutation. The presence of macroscopic mucin hypersecretion was closely related to RNF43 (P = 0.024) and GNAS (P < 0.001) mutations. A two‐step clustering analysis algorithm successfully categorized IPNBs into two subgroups by using the clinicopathological and molecular features of IPNBs. One subgroup of IPNB represented the ‘biliary counterpart of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas’ (biliary‐IPMN), and showed unique features reminiscent of IPMN, such as macroscopic and microscopic mucin hypersecretion, an intestinal cell lineage, GNAS mutation, and RNF43 mutation. Biliary‐IPMNs were significantly associated with high expression of cytokeratin (CK) 20, mucin 2 (MUC2), and CDX2, as shown by immunostaining (P = 0.032, P = 0.001, and P = 0.026, respectively), and had a borderline association with low expression of CK7 (P = 0.063). With the use of this splitting algorithm, RNF43 mutations were identified in 36% of the biliary‐IPMNs.ConclusionsThe identification of RNF43 mutations in a distinct subset of IPNBs revealed a new molecular role in the pathogenesis of IPNB, and provided a potential application for cancer therapeutics by the use of Wnt pathway inhibitors.
Dung beetle community dynamics in undisturbed tropical forests: implications for ecological evaluations of land‐use change
Authors: Beiroz Wallace , Slade Eleanor M. , Barlow Jos , Silveira Juliana M. , Louzada Julio , Sayer Emma 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

The impacts of human activities on tropical forests are widespread and increasing. Hence, a good knowledge base about ecological processes in undisturbed tropical forest is crucial to provide a baseline for evaluating anthropogenic change.

Our 5‐year study focused on understanding the background spatial and inter‐annual variation in dung beetle communities at 12 sites of undisturbed lowland tropical rainforest in the Brazilian Amazon. We then assessed how this variation may affect ecological evaluations of anthropogenic influence by comparing community metrics with comparable dung beetle data collected from 15 sites of Eucalyptus plantation in the same region.

Of all measured environmental variables, soil texture best explained spatial variation in dung beetle communities in undisturbed forests. Furthermore, soil texture was important for community assembly as it was associated with dung beetle nesting behaviours. While the relative abundance of dung beetle functional groups was stable over time, there were important inter‐annual temporal dynamics, with a fivefold variation in abundance and body mass, and with species richness ranging from 52 to 74. These temporal oscillations were probably caused by variation in dry season rainfall.

This inter‐annual variation influenced the comparison between undisturbed forests and plantations, which could lead to inconsistencies in evaluation of anthropogenic change. We therefore highlight the importance of understanding natural variation in studies evaluating the consequences of land‐use change and other forest disturbances on forest biodiversity.
Education and the empowerment of women in household decision‐making in Spain
Authors: Albert Cecilia , Escardíbul Josep‐Oriol 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIt was analysed whether investment in the education of both women and men serves to empower wives resulting in more balanced household decisions being taken on matters related to consumption and financial management. They considered that household decision‐making could be made by mainly the wife, mainly the husband or the couple acting jointly. They then applied multinomial probit models to the Spanish Living Conditions Survey of 2010. Results show that, when controlling for demographic, family and labour market characteristics, the level of education of both the husband and wife has a positive effect in terms of a more egalitarian decision‐making process in relation to three areas of expenditure: daily shopping, expensive purchases of consumer durables and significant expenditure on children. However, only women's education has a positive effect on borrowing money and no effect of education is observed with regard to the use of savings. Results are less conclusive for households where decisions are taken primarily by the wife or husband, since men's education increases the role of husbands in the household making‐decision process whereas no effect of wives' education is observed.
Effects of chitosan coating combined with essential oils on quality and antioxidant enzyme activities of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fillets stored at 4 °C
Authors: Yu Dawei , Xu Yanshun , Jiang Qixing , Xia Wenshui 
Published: November 2016

SummaryEffects of chitosan coating combined with essential oils from clove, cinnamon and lemon grass on quality and antioxidant enzyme activities of grass carp fillets stored at 4 ± 0.5 °C were evaluated. The quality parameters (including pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), K value, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, shear force and total viable count (TVC)) and antioxidant enzyme activities were analysed periodically. The results indicated that composite chitosan coatings presented better preservation effects than chitosan coating alone. In addition, chitosan–clove essential oil coating had the best quality enhancement effects among treatments by inhibiting deterioration of physicochemical quality and microbial growth and maintaining antioxidant enzyme activities of fillets during refrigerated storage. The negative correlation was observed between the changes in TBA values and antioxidant enzyme activities in fillets. Based on these findings, chitosan–essential oil coatings effectively mitigated oxidative stress and extended shelf life of refrigerated grass carp fillets.
Effect of ginger extract and vinegar on ATP metabolites, IMP‐related enzyme activity, reducing sugars and phosphorylated sugars in silver carp during postslaughter storage
Authors: Shi Ce , Cui Jianyun , Qin Na , Luo Yongkang , Lu Han , Wang Hang 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThis study aimed to investigate the utilisation of ginger extract and vinegar for retarding decomposition of inosine monophosphate (IMP), and IMP‐related enzyme activity (the activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) in salted silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) during early postslaughter and chilled storage. We also quantified the decomposition pathway of ATP‐related compounds, the reducing and phosphorylated sugar, and free amino acids (FAAs) in samples. Rapid glycolysis in control occurred during postmortem storage. Vinegar and ginger extract inhibited the activity of ACP and ALP, thereby inhibiting the decomposition of IMP and the increase in hypoxanthine (Hx). IMP concentrations in treated sample were significantly higher than those of the control. Moreover, vinegar and ginger extract promoted the increase in FAAs. Therefore, vinegar and ginger extract could inhibit ACP and ALP activities and contributed to the accumulation of IMP and FAAs in silver carp during chilled storage.
Seaweeds in yogurt and quark supplementation: influence of five dehydrated edible seaweeds on sensory characteristics
Authors: Nuñez Manuel , Picon Antonia 
Published: November 2016

SummarySupplementation of dairy products with seaweeds can contribute to attaining a balanced diet, but they may affect their sensory characteristics. Yogurt and quark were supplemented with dehydrated Himanthalia elongata, Porphyra umbilicalis, Saccharina latissima, Ulva lactuca and Undaria pinnatifida. When odour, flavour and texture were evaluated by panellists, dairy products containing 0.50% U. pinnatifida showed the highest seaweed flavour and the lowest flavour quality, while dairy products containing 0.50% S. latissima showed the lowest seaweed flavour and the highest flavour quality. Seaweed species influenced all yogurt attributes except buttery odour, acid flavour and salty flavour and all quark attributes except yogurt odour, acid flavour and sweet flavour. Logarithmic regressions of seaweed odour and flavour on seaweed concentration (0–1.00%) were the best fit for dairy products containing P. umbilicalis, U. lactuca or U. pinnatifida and linear regressions for those supplemented with H. elongata or S. latissima.
Authentication of Zhongning wolfberry with geographical indication by mineral profile
Authors: Zhang Senshen , Wei Yimin , Wei Shuai , Liu Hongyan , Guo Boli 
Published: November 2016

SummaryZhongning wolfberry is a famous geographical indication (GI) in China. The concentrations of twenty elements (K, Mg, Fe, Ca, Zn, Cu, Mn, Al, Sr, Rb, Mo, Tb, Cd, Co, V, As, Cs, Pr, Dy and Gd) in samples were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis. The results indicated that nineteen minerals (except K) represented significant differences among regions. The correct classification rates of original group and cross‐validation of Zhongning wolfberry were 95.7% and 85.7%, for these nineteen variables. Furthermore, there was no significant difference for all variables in samples from three picking periods. It was feasible to distinguish Zhongning wolfberry based on mineral profiles with chemometric approaches, and the study could serve as a reference for the authentication of wolfberries and the prevention of deceptive labelling of other GI products.
High Smad7 sustains inflammatory cytokine response in refractory coeliac disease
Authors: Sedda Silvia , De Simone Veronica , Marafini Irene , Bevivino Gerolamo , Izzo Roberta , Paoluzi Omero Alessandro , Colantoni Alfredo , Ortenzi Angela , Giuffrida Paolo , Corazza Gino R. , Vanoli Alessandro , Di Sabatino Antonio , Pallone Francesco , Monteleone Giovanni 
Published: November 2016

SummaryRefractory coeliac disease (RCD) is a form of coeliac disease (CD) resistant to gluten‐free diet and associated with elevated risk of complications. Many effector cytokines over‐produced in the gut of patients with RCD are supposed to amplify the tissue‐destructive immune response, but it remains unclear if the RCD‐associated mucosal inflammation is sustained by defects in counter‐regulatory mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to determine whether RCD‐related inflammation is marked by high Smad7, an intracellular inhibitor of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) activity. Smad7 was evaluated in duodenal biopsy samples of patients with RCD, patients with active CD, patients with inactive CD and healthy controls by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and real‐time PCR. In the same samples, TGF‐β1 and phosphorylated (p)‐Smad2/3 were evaluated by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression was evaluated in RCD samples cultured with Smad7 sense or antisense oligonucleotide. Smad7 protein, but not RNA, expression was increased in RCD compared with active and inactive CD patients and healthy controls and this was associated with defective TGF‐β1 signalling, as marked by diminished p‐Smad2/3 expression. TGF‐β1 protein content did not differ among groups. Knockdown of Smad7 in RCD biopsy samples reduced interleukin‐6 and tumour necrosis factor‐α expression. In conclusion, in RCD, high Smad7 associates with defective TGF‐β1 signalling and sustains inflammatory cytokine production. These results indicate a novel mechanism by which the mucosal cytokine response is amplified in RCD and suggest that targeting Smad7 can be therapeutically useful in RCD.
Effects of C2ta genetic polymorphisms on MHC class II expression and autoimmune diseases
Authors: Yau Anthony C. Y. , Piehl Fredrik , Olsson Tomas , Holmdahl Rikard 
Published: November 2016

SummaryAntigen presentation by the MHC‐II to CD4+ T cells is important in adaptive immune responses. The class II transactivator (CIITA in human and C2TA in mouse) is the master regulator of MHC‐II gene expression. It coordinates the transcription factors necessary for the transcription of MHC‐II molecules. In humans, genetic variations in CIITA have been associated with differential expression of MHC‐II and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Here we made use of a C2ta congenic mouse strain (expressing MHC‐II haplotype H‐2q) to investigate the effect of the natural genetic polymorphisms in type I promoter of C2ta on MHC‐II expression and function. We demonstrate that an allelic variant in the type I promoter of C2ta resulted in an increased expression of MHC‐II on macrophages (72–151% higher mean florescence intensity) and conventional dendritic cells (13–65% higher mean florescence intensity) in both spleen and peripheral blood. The increase in MHC‐II expression resulted in an increase in antigen presentation to T cells in vitro and increased T‐cell activation. The differential MHC‐II expression in B6Q.C2ta, however, did not alter the disease development in models of rheumatoid arthritis (collagen‐induced arthritis and human glucose‐6‐phosphate‐isomerase325–339‐peptide‐induced arthritis), or multiple sclerosis (MOG1–125 protein‐induced and MOG79–96 peptide‐induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis). This is the first study to address the role of an allelic variant in type I promoter of C2ta in MHC‐II expression and autoimmune diseases; and shows that C2ta polymorphisms regulate MHC‐II expression and T‐cell responses but do not necessarily have a strong impact on autoimmune diseases.
Origin, distribution, and potential risk factors associated with influenza A virus in swine in two production systems in Guatemala
Authors: Gonzalez‐Reiche Ana S. , Ramírez Ana L. , Müller María L. , Orellana David , Sosa Silvia M. , Ola Pablo , Paniagua Jorge , Ortíz Lucía , Hernandez Jorge , Cordón‐Rosales Celia , Perez Daniel R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundGuatemala is the country with the largest swine production in Central America; however, evidence of influenza A virus (IAV) in pigs has not been clearly delineated.ObjectivesIn this study, we analyzed the presence and spatial distribution of IAV in commercial and backyard swine populations.MethodsSamples from two nationwide surveys conducted in 2010 and 2011 were tested using virological (rRT‐PCR and virus isolation) and serological (ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition) assays to detect IAV.ResultsInfluenza A virus was detected in 15.7% of the sampled pigs (30.6% of herds) in 2010 and in 11.7% (24.2% of herds) in 2011. The percentage of seropositive pigs was 10.6% (16.1% of herds) and 1.4% (3.1% of herds) for each year, respectively. Three pandemic H1N1 and one seasonal human‐like H3N2 viruses were isolated. Antibodies against viruses from different genetic clusters were detected. No reassortant strains with swine viruses were detected. The H3N2 virus was closely related to human viruses that circulated in Central America in 2010, distinct to the most recent human seasonal vaccine lineages. Spatial clusters of rRT‐PCR positive herds were detected each year by scan statistics.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate circulation of IAV throughout Guatemala and identify commercial farms, animal health status, and age as potential risk factors associated with IAV infection and exposure. Detection of human‐origin viruses in pigs suggests a role for humans in the molecular epidemiology of IAV in swine in Guatemala and evidences gaps in local animal and human surveillance.
Managing challenges and cultivating collaborations in Indonesia's knowledge society
Authors: Purwaningrum Farah 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe transition to a knowledge society in South East Asia since the 1970s has produced differing effects in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia. The paper explores the challenges and existing collaborations of Indonesia's knowledge society. On the basis of a qualitative investigation based on interviews with 18 policymakers in Indonesia, observations from eight meetings and documentary analysis from 2011 to 2016, the paper sheds light on the historical, structural and scientisation problems encountered by Indonesia's knowledge society. This includes the challenges that academia faces in scientific knowledge production at the micro level and macro level. Further, the analysis suggests that existing collaborations between different governmental levels and academia are based on trust and friendship rather than scientific pursuits. Also, collaboration between industry and academia is likely to occur when the industry acts as an initiator. The author contends that for a knowledge society to materialise in Indonesia, challenges need to be managed and certain collaborations that nurture scientific knowledge production need to be cultivated.
Do student nurses feel a lack of comfort in providing support for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual or Questioning adolescents: what factors influence their comfort level?
Authors: Richardson Brian P , Ondracek Anton E , Anderson Dee 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to find out if student nurses feel comfortable in caring by providing support for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual or Questioning adolescents and what factors influence their level of comfort.BackgroundResearch indicates that nurses and nursing students experience varying levels of comfort when caring for adults who are Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual or Questioning: adult patients feel that nurse's attitudes change towards them once they disclose their sexuality. There has been minimal research to date on nursing attitudes to working with adolescents who are Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual or Questioning.DesignBoth quantitative and qualitative methods were used in this descriptive study. Questionnaires were completed by 152 nursing students and nine took part in semi‐structured focus groups.MethodA two‐way ANOVA was used to analyse the questionnaires. Thematic analysis was used to identify the themes arising from the focus groups. Data were collected between August 2013 ‐ July 2014.Results/FindingsThe results and findings of the study were that student nurse's felt discomfort in providing support; due to a lack of knowledge of Lesbian, Gay or Bisexual sexuality, personal and religious beliefs and the perceptions of others. However, all students indicated they had a positive attitude towards Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Questioning adolescents.ConclusionMore needs to be done to raise self‐awareness and improve the level of knowledge in relation to Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual issues amongst student nurses. Educational institutions and practice areas need to recognize this fact and reflect this in their educational programmes.