bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeated range expansion and niche shift in a volcanic hotspot archipelago: radiation of Hawaiian Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Yang Ya , Morden Clifford W. , Sporck-Koehler Margaret J. , Sack Lawren , Berry Paul E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimThe taxon cycle hypothesis describes the cyclic movement of taxa during range expansion and contraction, accompanied by an evolutionary shift from open and often coastal vegetation to closed, and often inland forest vegetation in island systems. The Hawaiian Archipelago is an ideal system to test this hypothesis given the linear fashion of island formation and a relatively well-understood geological history.LocationHawaiian Islands.MethodsWe sampled 153 individuals in 15 of the 16 native species of HawaiianEuphorbiasectionAnisophyllumon six major Hawaiian Islands, plus 11 New World close relatives, to elucidate the biogeographic movement of this lineage along the Hawaiian island chain. We used a concatenated chloroplast DNA data set of more than eight kilobases in aligned length and applied maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference for phylogenetic reconstruction. Connectivity among islands and habitat types was estimated using BayesTraits. Age and phylogeographic patterns were co-estimated using BEAST. In addition, we used nuclear ribosomal ITS and the low-copy genesLEAFYandG3pdhCto investigate the reticulate relationships within this radiation.ResultsWe estimate that HawaiianEuphorbiafirst arrived on Kauai or Niihau ca. 5 million years ago and subsequently diverged into 16 species on all major Hawaiian Islands. During this processEuphorbiadispersed from older to younger islands in a stepping-stone fashion through open, dispersal-prone habitats. Taxa that occupy closed vegetation on Kauai and Oahu evolvedin situfrom open vegetation taxa of the same island. Consequently, widespread species tend to occupy habitats with open vegetation, whereas single island endemic species predominantly occur in habitats with closed canopy and are only found on the two oldest islands of Kauai and Oahu.Main conclusionsThe spatial and temporal patterns of dispersal and range shifts in HawaiianEuphorbiasupport an intra-volcanic-archipelago version of the taxon cycle hypothesis.
Statistical inference of protein structural alignments using information and compression
Authors: Collier James H. , Allison Lloyd , Lesk Arthur M. , Stuckey Peter J. , Banda Maria Garcia de la , Konagurthu Arun S. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractStructural molecular biology depends crucially on computational techniques that compare protein three-dimensional structures and generate structural alignments (the assignment of one-to-one correspondences between subsets of amino acids based on atomic coordinates.) Despite its importance, the structural alignment problem has not been formulated, much less solved, in a consistent and reliable way. To overcome these difficulties, we present here a framework for precise inference of structural alignments, built on the Bayesian and information-theoretic principle of Minimum Message Length (MML). The quality of any alignment is measured by its explanatory power - the amount of lossless compression achieved to explain the protein coordinates using that alignment. We have implemented this approach in the programMMLignerhttp://lcb.infotech.monash.edu.au/mmlignerto distinguish statistically significant alignments, not available elsewhere. We also demonstrate the reliability ofMMLigner’s alignment results compared with the state of the art. Importantly,MMLignercan also discover different structural alignments of comparable quality, a challenging problem for oligomers and protein complexes.
Stem Cell Plasticity and Niche Dynamics in Cancer Progression
Authors: Picco Noemi , Gatenby Robert A. , Anderson Alexander R. A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveCancer stem cells (CSCs) have been hypothesized to initiate and drive tumor growth and recurrence due to their self-renewal ability. If correct, this hypothesis implies that successful therapy must focus primarily on eradication of this CSC fraction. However, recent evidence suggests stemness is niche dependent and may represent one of many phenotypic states that can be accessed by many cancer genotypes when presented with specific environmental cues. A better understanding of the relationship of stemness to niche-related phenotypic plasticity could lead to alternative treatment strategies.MethodsHere we investigate the role of environmental context in the expression of stem-like cell properties through in-silico simulation of ductal carcinoma. We develop a two-dimensional hybrid discrete-continuum cellular automata model to describe the single cell scale dynamics of multi-cellular tissue formation. Through a suite of simulations we investigate interactions between a phenotypically heterogeneous cancer cell population and a dynamic environment.ResultsWe generate homeostatic ductal structures that consist of a mixture of stem and differentiated cells governed by both intracellular and environmental dynamics. We demonstrate that a wide spectrum of tumor-like histologies can result from these structures by varying microenvironmental parameters.ConclusionNiche driven phenotypic plasticity offers a simple first-principle explanation for the diverse ductal structures observed in histological sections from breast cancer.SignificanceConventional models of carcinogenesis largely focus on mutational events. We demonstrate that variations in the environmental niche can produce intraductal cancers independent of genetic changes in the resident cells. Therapies targeting the microenvironmental niche, may offer an alternative cancer prevention strategy.
High-Throughput Screening and CRISPR-Cas9 Modeling of Causal Lipid-Associated Expression Quantitative Trait Locus Variants
Authors: Raghavan Avanthi , Wang Xiao , Rogov Peter , Wang Li , Zhang Xiaolan , Mikkelsen Tarjei S. , Musunuru Kiran 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGenome-wide association studies have identified a number of novel genetic loci linked to serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The causal DNA variants at these loci and the mechanisms by which they influence phenotype and disease risk remain largely unexplored. Expression quantitative trait locus analyses of patient liver and fat biopsies indicate that many lipid-associated variants influence gene expression in a cis-regulatory manner. However, linkage disequilibrium among neighboring SNPs at a genome-wide association study-implicated locus makes it challenging to pinpoint the actual variant underlying an association signal. We used a methodological framework for causal variant discovery that involves high-throughput identification of putative disease-causal loci through a functional reporter-based screen, the massively parallel reporter assay, followed by validation of prioritized variants in genome-edited human pluripotent stem cell models generated with CRISPR-Cas9. We complemented the stem cell models with CRISPR interference experimentsin vitroand in knock-in micein vivo. We provide validation for two high-priority SNPs, rs2277862 and rs10889356, being causal for lipid-associated expression quantitative trait loci. We also highlight the challenges inherent in modeling common genetic variation with these experimental approaches.Author SummaryGenome-wide association studies have identified numerous loci linked to a variety of clinical phenotypes. It remains a challenge to identify and validate the causal DNA variants in these loci. We describe the use of a high-throughput technique called the massively parallel reporter assay to analyze thousands of candidate causal DNA variants for their potential effects on gene expression. We use a combination of genome editing in human pluripotent stem cells, “CRISPR interference” experiments in other cultured human cell lines, and genetically modified mice to analyze the two highest-priority candidate DNA variants to emerge from the massively parallel reporter assay, and we confirm the relevance of the variants to nearby gene expression. These findings highlight a methodological framework with which to identify and functionally validate causal DNA variants.
Does country governance foster revenue efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks in GCC countries?
Authors: Kamarudin Fakarudin , Sufian Fadzlan , Md. Nassir Annuar 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to provide new empirical evidence on the impact of country governance on the revenue efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks. The empirical analysis is confined to Islamic and conventional banks operating in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries banking sectors during the period of 2007-2011.Design/methodology/approach– The analysis comprises two main stages. In the first stage, the authors employ the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to compute the revenue efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks. The authors then used the multivariate panel regression analysis with the ordinary least square and generalized method of moments as an estimation method to investigate the potential determinants and the effect of country governance on the revenue efficiency.Findings– The empirical findings indicate that greater voice and accountability, government effectiveness, and rule of law enhance the revenue efficiency of both Islamic and conventional banks. The authors find that regulatory quality exerts positive influence on Islamic banks, while the impact of political stability and control of corruption enhances the revenue efficiency of conventional banks.Originality/value– The study on the specific revenue efficiency concept of Islamic and conventional banking is still in its formative stage. In regards, majority of the studies that examined the effect of governance on bank efficiency have focused more on the corporate or bank governance that affects the governance within the institution. Thus, to the best of the knowledge, no study has been done to address the effect of country governance on the revenue efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks specifically on the GCC countries.
Participant’s preferences for small-scale sporting events
Authors: Fotiadis Anestis , Vassiliadis Chris , Yeh Shang-Pao 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate sports participants’ choice behaviour and draw useful conclusions about the ideal features of small-scale sporting events that maximize attractiveness and desirability among potential competitors to attend and compete.

Design/methodology/approach
– Conjoint analysis was used to determine how participants value different elements and features of two small-scale cycling events, one in Taiwan and the other in Greece. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to 195 cyclists during the event in Kaohsiung, Taiwan and to 169 competitors of a similar competition in Sfendami, Greece. It consisted of two basic parts. The first presented 19 alternative scenarios that have been associated with such sporting events while the second assessed the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of participant’s in order to provide an average profile of the participants in each location. The conjoint data collected was analysed using the SPSS “Conjoint Module” at the aggregate level (i.e. pooled data).

Findings
– Based on the preferences of these amateur cyclists the most important factors for Taiwanese events are “preferred season to organizing the event”, “registration cost”, and “preferred time period”, while those participating in the Greek event emphasized “registration cost” and “scenery”. Overall, the analysis highlights five differences and five similarities that exist between these two countries.

Research limitations/implications
– The study is small-scale and although sample sizes are sufficient to be representative of the participants in each event there are limitations in generalizing these results to larger sports meetings and other countries.

Practical implications
– The findings of this study provide event coordinators and sport marketers practical insights into small-scale event planning and the development of effective marketing strategies designed to appeal to a greater range of participants. Furthermore, the comparative nature of the study can facilitate a transfer of know-how which can be used for development of sport events in Mediterranean area, whose sport events’ organizers can, in the future, more effectively approach potential East Asian participants.

Originality/value
– This is the first study to use a combination of seven parameters in conjoint analysis to examine amateur cyclists’ preferences and is one on the few studies to examine the differences between Asian and European participants.
Why personal change is important for a conscious leader
Authors: Carson Floyd 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate why personal change is important for a conscious leader and provide four actionable traits a leader can implement to make a greater impact with the people they lead. The model is to become aware, make changes and see if those changes make the difference you want in your life. If not take different actions until you get the results you want. As this action model becomes a habit, this drives more and more confidence and courage in the leader as they are seeing the positive changes manifest in their life.

Design/methodology/approach
– The approach I used for the paper is to layout real examples that show the negative impact leaders are causing to their people and organisations. I then use a client example and how she was able to make a personal change using four conscious traits. The work represented in this paper is through first-hand experience and client stories from my coaching. Survey information provided is subjective through informal questioning.

Findings
– The majority of people (∼73 per cent) who I have queried about leaders they have worked for highlight they were unmemorable and made no impact on inspiring them. Through my coaching I have found leaders who commit and follow through with making the personal change to be a conscious leader and use the four traits the paper highlights, see positive impacts in their own life and in the people they lead.

Originality/value
– Being a conscious leader is a new emerging area in leadership and those leaders who make it part of their leadership are seeing the positive impacts it is creating with their people and teams. The payoff is the leader becomes an example for others of what personal change can achieve and they become conscious of their behaviours. This awareness allows them to decide is this how I want to be and what I want to be remembered for. This transformation then drives great confidence and courage to be a better leader that benefits everyone in their network.
In control? IQC consensus and statutory regulation
Authors: Lee Graham R. , Fitzgibbon Maria C. , O'Shea Paula 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– Internal quality control (IQC) represents an essential risk management tool within the total testing pathway (TTP) that contributes to the overall objective of assuring the quality of results produced in medical laboratories. Controlling analytical phase quality alone requires significant expertise and input by scientifically trained staff. This effort has escalated exponentially following the publication of the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)15189:2012 requirements for quality and competence in medical laboratories. The reported inconsistency and diversity to IQC approaches in diagnostic laboratories is definitive evidence that international guidance in IQC programme design and implementation is long overdue. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Herein, the authors define, describe and critically examine the essential elements four stages of an IQC programme and suggest a template to inform both design and ease of implementation. For practical application, the authors have stratified the proposed methodology into four stages: staff education and training; IQC material; IQC targets; and IQC procedure, and provide recommendations that meet ISO15189:2012 requirements.

Findings
– These recommendations are informed by the published literature together with the collective experience working in clinical biochemistry and diagnostic endocrinology laboratories. The authors note that the laboratory staff’s effort on IQC is a continuous process, driven by changes within each IQC stage, in response to risk analysis, maximising economic value or through professional leadership and central to IQC programme implementation and delivery.

Practical implications
– The authors offer a template that laboratories can use to inform the design and implementation of their IQC programme.

Originality/value
– The proposed IQC programme is user friendly, flexible and pragmatic with the potential to harmonise practice. The authors have provided a template to potentially harmonise IQC practice nationally. Given the central and critical role that IQC practice plays in ensuring the quality of patient results’ importance, the authors contend that the time has come for international consensus and statutory regulation regarding the minimally acceptable criteria for its implementation, monitoring and review.
Growing corporate social responsibility communication through online social networking in Iran
Authors: Farivar Farveh , Scott-Ladd Brenda 
Published: June 2016

PurposeThis purpose of this paper is to investigate Iranian manager’s perceptions towards the use of online social networking (OSN) for improving corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication.Design/methodology/approachThe websites and Facebook pages of 23 companies that had won National Excellence Awards for CSR were reviewed in 2011, and 15 managers from across these participated in a survey, to assess the extent these companies used online facilities to develop CSR practices. These interviews raised awareness of the potential of OSN, so company websites and Facebook pages were reviewed again in 2013 to assess changes to CSR and OSN practices.FindingsDespite recognition for their high level of awareness and implementation of CSR practices analysis of the initial surveys indicated that OSN uptake among the respondent companies was poor in 2011. Managers saw little value in using OSN to promote and engage with CSR; however, the level of engagement and uptake had substantially increased by 2013.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first to evaluate the use of OSN to improve CSR in a developing country. The study examines managers’ perceptions of the effect of OSN on CSR. Findings suggest that once management became aware of the value of social networking, they used it to engage with stakeholders from the marketplace, community and workplace to promote their business and for CSR-related issues. This rapid uptake demonstrates how quickly OSN technology can be implemented once its potential is identified.
Explaining attribution in information technology projects
Authors: Standing Oliver , Standing Susan , Kordt Eric 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between project failure and success and an individual’s attributional style and level of seniority. Information technology (IT)-related projects are often complex because of the need to work with a range of stakeholders and satisfy diverse expectations, and thus projects often fail.

Design/methodology/approach
A case study of a large government organisation was undertaken: interviews and focus groups were conducted and used as primary data for qualitative analysis.

Findings
Line and executive managers have the tendency to increasingly make more pessimistic attributions than support workers, believing that failure was likely to persist in the future because of the inability to influence management and stakeholders. Support workers have the tendency to be more optimistic than line and executive managers and this has implications for self-serving evaluation practices.

Originality/value
The application of the attribution theory provides insights into project success and failure and the discrepancies between line managers’ and employees’ job satisfaction.
Classroom innovation through 3D printing
Authors: Elrod Rachael E. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
Three-dimensional (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a growing field for many professionals, including those in education. The purpose of this paper is to briefly review various ways in which 3D printing is being used to enhance classroom learning in the K-12 environment and to highlight how one academic library is supporting that endeavor.

Design/methodology/approach
According to “3D Printing Market in Education”, which reports on the anticipated development of 3D printing in the educational market for 2015-2019, 3D printing is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 45 per cent (Business Wire).

Findings
In 2012, an article in The Economist declared 3D printing “the third industrial revolution”. The following year, President Obama, in his State of the Union address lauded 3D printing saying, “A once shuttered warehouse is now a state-of-the-art lab where new workers are mastering the 3D printing that has the potential to revolutionize the way we make almost everything” (Gross, 2013).

Originality/value
In China, 3D printer manufacturer Tiertime estimates that “90 per cent of its domestic market share comes from school laboratories, which need desktop 3D printers so students can learn, experience and design” (China taps 3D printing consumer market, 2015).
Team coordination and organizational routines: bottoms up – and top down
Authors: Banks George Christopher , Pollack Jeffrey M. , Seers Anson 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– Conceptualizations of work coordination historically assumed that work systems are put into place and that these systems shape the ability of workers to accomplish tasks. Formalization has thus long been invoked as an explanatory mechanism for work coordination. Recent studies have extended interest in emergent implicit and relational coordination, yet their underlying mechanisms of bottom-up coordination have yet to be explicated such that formal top-down coordination can be approached as a complementary mechanism rather than an alternative substitute. The purpose of this paper is to integrate the literatures related to coordination and routines, and extend analysis of bottom-up coordination toward an understanding of how it can be complemented by top-down formalized coordination of routines within organizations. Implications of this work, for both theory and practice, are discussed.

Design/methodology/approach
– A conceptual review was conducted.

Findings
– By integrating the literatures related to coordination and routines, the authors extend analysis of bottom-up coordination toward an understanding of how it can be complemented by top-down formalized coordination of routines within organizations.

Research limitations/implications
– From a theory-based point of view, in the present work, the authors integrated the literatures related to coordination and routines and arrived at the conclusion that bottom-up coordination can be complemented by top-down formalized coordination of routines within organizations.

Practical implications
– The authors suggest that there is a need in the contemporary workplace for implicit, relational processes to enable individuals to continuously assess what changes are needed and adapt coordinated routines to accomplish the task at hand. This propensity will continue to increase as technology facilitates even more seamless communication among employees, organizations, and external partners.

Originality/value
– For the first time the authors integrate the literatures related to coordination and routines, in order to extend analysis of bottom-up coordination toward an understanding of how it can be complemented by top-down formalized coordination of routines within organizations.