bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Left Atrial Function Index With Late Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence after Catheter Ablation
Authors: SARDANA MAYANK , OGUNSUA ADEDOTUN A. , SPRING MATTHEW , SHAIKH AMIR , ASAMOAH OWUSU , STOKKEN GLENN , BROWNING CLIFFORD , ENNIS CYNTHIA , DONAHUE J. KEVIN , ROSENTHAL LAWRENCE S. , FLOYD KEVIN C. , AURIGEMMA GERARD P. , PARIKH NISHA I. , MCMANUS DAVID D. 
Published: August 2016

LAFI and AF RecurrenceIntroductionAlthough catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) is commonly used to improve symptoms, AF recurrence is common and new tools are needed to better inform patient selection for CA. Left atrial function index (LAFI), an echocardiographic measure of atrial mechanical function, has shown promise as a noninvasive predictor of AF. We hypothesized that LAFI would relate to AF recurrence after CA.Methods and ResultsAll AF patients undergoing index CA were enrolled in a prospective institutional AF Treatment Registry between 2011 and 2014. LAFI was measured post hoc from pre‐ablation clinical echocardiographic images in 168 participants. Participants were mostly male (33% female), middle‐aged (60 ± 10 years), obese and had paroxysmal AF (64%). Mean LAFI was 25.9 ± 17.6. Over 12 months of follow‐up, 78 participants (46%) experienced a late AF recurrence. In logistic regression analyses adjusting for factors known to be associated with AF, lower LAFI remained associated with AF recurrence after CA [OR 0.04 (0.01–0.67), P = 0.02]. LAFI discriminated AF recurrence after CA slightly better than CHADS2 (C‐statistic 0.60 LAFI, 0.57 CHADS2). For participants with persistent AF, LAFI performed significantly better than CHADS2 score (C statistic = 0.79 LAFI, 0.56 CHADS2, P = 0.02).ConclusionLAFI, an echocardiographic measure of atrial function, is associated with AF recurrence after CA and has improved ability to discriminate AF recurrence as compared to the CHADS‐2 score, especially among persistent AF patients. Since LAFI can be calculated using standard 2D echocardiographic images, it may be a helpful tool for predicting AF recurrence.
Endodontic status and retention of molars in periodontally treated patients: results after 10 or more years of supportive periodontal therapy
Authors: Pretzl Bernadette , Eickholz Peter , Saure Daniel , Pfefferle Thorsten , Zeidler Anna , Dannewitz Bettina 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the influence of endodontic status on retention of molars in patients under supportive periodontal treatment (SPT).Material & MethodsA total of 136 subjects with 1015 molars at baseline were examined retrospectively, including 188 endodontically treated molars in 90 patients. Multilevel Cox regression analysis identified factors contributing to loss of molars.ResultsRoot canal treatments contributed significantly to loss of molars during on average 13.2 years of SPT (Hazard ratio: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.74–5.1, p < 0.001). Endodontic treatment was more frequently present in first molars (p < 0.001) and in the maxilla (p = 0.01). In endodontically treated molars, degree III furcation involvement could be detected more often compared to molars without root canal treatment (p < 0.001). Among the root canal‐treated molars, several patient and tooth‐related factors showed an impact on tooth retention, but only molars with a periapical index of 4 and 5 (labelled “diseased”) were significantly more often lost.ConclusionThe retention of molars in periodontally compromised patients after periodontal treatment is influenced by periodontal as well as endodontal factors. On a long‐term basis, it is feasible to retain these teeth via active periodontal treatment and SPT for more than 10 years.
Deficits in error monitoring are associated with externalizing but not internalizing behaviors among children with a history of institutionalization
Authors: Troller‐Renfree Sonya , Nelson Charles A. , Zeanah Charles H. , Fox Nathan A. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundChildren raised in institutions are at increased risk of developing internalizing and externalizing problems. However, not all children raised in institutions develop psychopathology. Deficits in error monitoring may be one risk pathway for children with a history of institutionalization given that these skills are related to both internalizing and externalizing psychiatric disorders. Error monitoring and the neural circuitry that supports it have a protracted developmental time course and are highly susceptible to the effects of adversity. As such, they may play an important moderating role between a history of institutional rearing and subsequent psychopathology.MethodsWe investigated the impact of psychosocial deprivation on behavioral and neural responses (event‐related potentials: ERPs) to a Flanker task assessing error monitoring and the relations between these measures and psychopathology for 12‐year‐old children in the Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP). The BEIP involves two groups of institutionalized children randomly assigned in infancy to receive either a foster care intervention (FCG) or care as usual (CAUG).ResultsChildren who experienced institutional care, particularly those in the CAUG, showed perturbed behavioral performance and ERPs on the Flanker task. Additionally, an ERP measure of error monitoring [error‐related negativity (ERN)] moderated the relations between time spent in institutions and externalizing and ADHD behaviors. When the amplitude of the ERN was smaller, time spent in institutional care was positively related to ADHD and externalizing behaviors, whereas time spent in institutions was unrelated to externalizing problems when children evidenced a larger ERN. Neural correlates of error monitoring did not moderate the relations between time spent in institutionalized care and internalizing behaviors.ConclusionsExposure to institutional care early in life may affect brain circuitry associated with error monitoring. Perturbations in this neural circuitry in combination with psychosocial deprivation are possibly a risk pathway associated with the development of externalizing and ADHD problems.
Community‐deliverable exercise and depression in adults with arthritis: Confirmatory evidence of a meta‐analysis using the IVhet model
Authors: Kelley George A. , Kelley Kristi S. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveUsing the traditional random‐effects model, a recently reported standardized effect size (g) reduction of −0.42 (95% CI, −0.58 to −0.27) was observed in depressive symptoms as a result of community‐deliverable exercise in adults with arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. However, a recently proposed alternative model (IVhet) has been shown to have superior coverage probability to the random‐effects model. The purpose of this brief report was to compare these previous random‐effects results with the IVhet model.MethodsBased on a previous meta‐analysis of 35 g's representing 2449 participants, results for depressive symptoms were pooled using the IVhet model. Influence analysis, number needed‐to‐treat, percentile improvement, and gross estimates of the number of inactive adults with arthritis who could benefit from exercise were also calculated.ResultsThe IVhet model yielded statistically significant reductions in depressive symptoms (g = −0.30, 95% CI, −0.49 to −0.11), a difference that was −0.12 (28.7%) smaller than the random‐effects model. With each study deleted from the model once, results remained statistically significant, ranging from −0.28 to −0.34. The percentile improvement, number needed‐to‐treat, and estimated number of people with arthritis in the United States who could improve their depressive symptoms by participating in a regular exercise program were, respectively, 11.8% (95% CI, 4.5% to 18.8%), 8 (95% CI, 5 to 23), and 2.7 million (95% CI, 1.0 to 4.4 million).ConclusionsThese findings provide more conservative and accurate evidence that community‐deliverable exercise improves depressive symptoms in adults with arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. Future meta‐analyses may want to consider using the IVhet versus traditional random‐effects model.
Garnet morphology distribution in the northern part of the Moine Supergroup, Scottish Caledonides
Authors: Ashley K. T. , Law R. D. , Thigpen J. R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractGarnet is a versatile and useful indicator mineral exploited in numerous geological studies. Despite its utility in providing thermobarometry and geochronology constraints, many difficulties remain in making meaningful interpretations of such data. In this paper, we characterize garnet grains from over 140 garnet‐bearing metasedimentary rock samples collected from the northern part of the Moine Supergroup (Scottish Caledonides). Large, euhedral garnet grains are interpreted to be indicative of prograde metamorphic growth during the most recent (Scandian, c. 430 Ma) phase of orogenesis. Anhedral garnet is largely restricted to the relatively low‐grade (greenschist – lower amphibolite facies) Moine thrust sheet, with an abrupt change in morphology and grain size when traced across the overlying Ben Hope and Sgurr Beag thrusts into the higher grade, more hinterland‐positioned thrust sheets. Our results suggest that caution should be exercised in using anhedral garnet in the Moine thrust sheet to estimate peak P–T conditions associated with low temperature (< ~500 °C) Scandian metamorphism, because in at least some cases garnet growth may have occurred during an earlier metamorphic event. However, chemical and isotopic data from this structurally lower anhedral garnet may still be useful for deconvolving a possible polymetamorphic history for this thrust sheet. In the immediately overlying Ben Hope thrust sheet, garnet has prograde euhedral (Scandian?) rims, indicating that the Ben Hope thrust must represent a significant thermal and/or chemical break. Inclusion distribution and mineral assemblages in garnet have been used to gain further insight on garnet growth conditions and to distinguish garnet that likely contains multiple generations of growth. Although our results are specific to the Caledonides of northern Scotland, this work highlights the general necessity of a comprehensive petrographic assessment in advance of interpreting large suites of garnet‐derived thermodynamic and geochronological data.
A scoping review of the literature on nursing practices with persons seeking care for sexually transmitted infections
Authors: Bungay Vicky , Handlovsky Ingrid , Phillips J Craig , Prescott Cheryl 
Published: August 2016

Aims and objectivesTo examine existing research literature to ascertain what is known about nursing practice in sexually transmitted infection care and identify promising research trends and limitations.BackgroundSexually transmitted infections continue to be a significant public health concern with more than 357 million new cases occurring annually worldwide. Nurses are vital for the prevention and care of those affected by sexually transmitted infections. As nursing scope of practice is evolving, there is an urgent need to develop a baseline understanding of the state of nursing knowledge in sexually transmitted infection care.DesignNurse researchers and policy and practice experts conducted a scoping review of primary research using Arksey and O'Malley's five‐step methodological framework.MethodsPrimary research literature published between 2000–2014 was searched. Seventeen full‐text papers were thematically analysed. Electronic charts were created for data coding and extraction.ResultsThe research literature in nursing and sexually transmitted infection care is heterogeneous in topic, method and populations investigated. Sexually transmitted infection care is undertaken by nurses in diverse settings and roles including nurse practitioners and public health, school and emergency room nurses. Three themes that illustrate the main focus of current literature were identified: (1) screening, (2) health education and counselling and (3) scope of nursing practice. Inconsistencies in nursing practice activities in sexually transmitted infection care were noted. Many nurses are not working to their full scope of practice.ConclusionsThe research in sexually transmitted infection nursing practice is limited. Further research is needed to investigate the context of practice and patient care experiences; to design and test interventions to support nurses working to full scope of practice; and to improve the conceptualisation of nursing in sexually transmitted infection care.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses are effectively improving health outcomes among people affected by sexually transmitted infections; however, not working to the full scope of practice could limit our capacity to fully meet patient care needs.
Intimate partner violence: psychological and verbal abuse during pregnancy
Authors: Debono Christie , Borg Xuereb Rita , Scerri Josianne , Camilleri Liberato 
Published: August 2016

Aims and objectivesTo examine the association between sociodemographic, pregnancy‐related variables and psychological and verbal intimate partner abuse, as well as to determine which of these variables are predictors of psychological and verbal intimate partner abuse during pregnancy.BackgroundIntimate partner violence is a significant health issue, with severe implications to both mother and foetus. However, much of the research to date focuses on the outcomes of physical abuse. This article addresses the dearth in the literature by examining the association between sociodemographic, pregnancy‐related variables and psychological and verbal intimate partner abuse during pregnancy.DesignA survey research design was used.MethodThree hundred postnatal women were recruited by convenience, nonproportional quota sampling technique. The WHO Violence Against Women Instrument was self‐administered by participants. The association between categorical variables was assessed using Pearson's chi‐square test, the strength of association using Cramer's V and the phi coefficient, and the identification of predictor variables for psychological and verbal abuse using logistic regression analysis.ResultsFour predictors were identified for psychological abuse, namely low education level in women, an unplanned pregnancy, experiencing two or more pregnancy‐related health problems and living with an unemployed partner. However, unemployment in women, an unplanned pregnancy, fear of partner and a low education level of partner were identified as the predictors of verbal abuse.ConclusionThis study identified a number of variables that strongly predict psychological and verbal intimate partner abuse during pregnancy; however, it extends the available literature by identifying a low standard of education in males, unemployment and fear of the intimate partner as the significant predictors of psychological and verbal intimate partner abuse.Relevance to clinical practiceHealthcare professionals should be aware of the predictors predisposing pregnant women to abuse. This would enable the identification of pregnant women who are susceptible to psychological and verbal intimate partner abuse, thus enabling the provision of adequate support. There is also a need to introduce routine screening for psychological and verbal intimate partner abuse during the antenatal period, following extensive training to all professionals concerned.
Preferences and concerns for care needs in advanced Parkinson's disease: a qualitative study of couples
Authors: Habermann Barbara , Shin Ju Young 
Published: August 2016

Aims and objectivesTo explore how couples with Parkinson's disease discuss their needs, concerns and preferences at the advanced stages of illness.BackgroundThe majority of care for people with Parkinson's disease is provided at home by family members. Parkinson's disease is characterised by a slow progressive decline with care needs often exceeding a decade.DesignA descriptive qualitative study with 14 couples.MethodsData were collected on two occasions over a one‐month period using semi‐structured interviews, with both individual and couple interviews. Data were analysed thematically by the research team.ResultsAll participants discussed the strong desire to remain in their homes for as long as possible. For the people with Parkinson's disease, placement to long‐term facilities was not an option to be considered. For spouses, there was an acknowledgement there may come a time when they could no longer continue to provide care. Concerns regarding falls, choking, voice production, financial strain and need for prognostic information from providers were influences on what they believed the future would hold and the decisions they would need to make.ConclusionsThe need for improved communication between providers and Parkinson's disease couples is evident. Interventions to support the couple in their discussions and decision‐making regarding remaining in the home or not, and options to support advanced care needs are required.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses can help support decision‐making by providing tangible information regarding the advanced stages of Parkinson's disease including adequate prognostic information.
Experience and needs of family members of patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Tramm Ralph , Ilic Dragan , Murphy Kerry , Sheldrake Jayne , Pellegrino Vincent , Hodgson Carol 
Published: August 2016

Aims and objectivesTo explore the experiences of family members of patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.BackgroundSudden onset of an unexpected and severe illness is associated with an increased stress experience of family members. Only one study to date has explored the experience of family members of patients who are at high risk of dying and treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.DesignA qualitative descriptive research design was used.MethodsA total of 10 family members of patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were recruited through a convenient sampling approach. Data were collected using open‐ended semi‐structured interviews. A six‐step process was applied to analyse the data thematically. Four criteria were employed to evaluate methodological rigour.ResultsFamily members of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients experienced psychological distress and strain during and after admission. Five main themes (Going Downhill, Intensive Care Unit Stress and Stressors, Carousel of Roles, Today and Advice) were identified. These themes were explored from the four roles of the Carousel of Roles theme (decision‐maker, carer, manager and recorder) that participants experienced.ConclusionNurses and other staff involved in the care of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients must pay attention to individual needs of the family and activate all available support systems to help them cope with stress and strain.Relevance to clinical practiceAn information and recommendation guide for families and staff caring for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients was developed and needs to be applied cautiously to the individual clinical setting.
The lived experiences of acute‐care bedside registered nurses caring for patients and their families with limited English proficiency: A silent shift
Authors: Coleman Jami‐Sue , Angosta Alona D 
Published: August 2016

Aims and ObjectivesTo explore the lived experiences of acute‐care bedside nurses caring for patients and their families with limited English proficiency.BackgroundApproximately 8.6% of the total US population is considered limited English proficient. In the hospital setting, registered nurses provide the most direct contact with patients and their families. Effective communication between patients and healthcare professionals is essential when providing quality health care. There are only few published studies about registered nurses' experiences caring for patients with language barriers, but studies among nurses' experiences on patients with limited English proficiency and their families in an acute‐care setting have not been explored.DesignA qualitative exploratory study was performed.MethodsThe phenomenology research approach provides the most meaningful ways to describe and understand the entirety of the bedside nurses' experiences. A convenience, purposive sample of 40 registered nurses who work in bedside care in a 380‐bed hospital in the western USA were interviewed. Each nurse had a minimum of three years of acute‐care experience. The sample size was determined by data saturation.ResultsFour themes emerged from the data of this research including: Desire to Communicate; Desire to Connect; Desire to Provide Care; and Desire to Provide Cultural Respect and Understanding.ConclusionsCare of patients with limited English proficiency is a challenge to many nurses and other healthcare providers. This study reinforces the need to give acute‐care nurses a voice to share their experiences and ideas for solutions to the challenges they face in the care they provide. Findings from this study have the potential to identify clinically relevant concerns, barriers to communication, resources for effective communication, and needs or concerns of the bedside nurses when providing care.Relevance to clinical practiceA look at the process and organisational system may suggest opportunities for improvement in support of the nurses' expressed desires to provide the care needed for patients with limited English proficiency.
A tailored relocation stress intervention programme for family caregivers of patients transferred from a surgical intensive care unit to a general ward
Authors: Lee Seul , Oh HyunSoo , Suh YeonOk , Seo WhaSook 
Published: August 2016

Aims and objectivesTo develop and examine a relocation stress intervention programme tailored for the family caregivers of patients scheduled for transfer from a surgical intensive care unit to a general ward.BackgroundFamily relocation stress syndrome has been reported to be similar to that exhibited by patients, and investigators have emphasised that nurses should make special efforts to relieve family relocation stress to maximise positive contributions to the well‐being of patients by family caregivers.DesignA nonequivalent control group, nonsynchronised pretest–post‐test design was adopted.MethodsThe study subjects were 60 family caregivers of patients with neurosurgical or general surgical conditions in the surgical intensive care unit of a university hospital located in Incheon, South Korea. Relocation stress and family burden were evaluated at three times, that is before intervention, immediately after transfer and four to five days after transfer.ResultsThis relocation stress intervention programme was developed for the family caregivers based on disease characteristics and relocation‐related needs. In the experimental group, relocation stress levels significantly and continuously decreased after intervention, whereas in the control group, a slight nonsignificant trend was observed. Family burden levels in the control group increased significantly after transfer, whereas burden levels in the experimental group increased only marginally and nonsignificantly. No significant between‐group differences in relocation stress or family burden levels were observed after intervention.ConclusionsRelocation stress levels of family caregivers were significantly decreased after intervention in the experimental group, which indicates that the devised family relocation stress intervention programme effectively alleviated family relocation stress.Relevance to clinical practiceThe devised intervention programme, which was tailored to disease characteristics and relocation‐related needs, may enhance the practicality and efficacy of relocation stress management and make meaningful contribution to the relief of family relocation stress, promote patient recovery and enhance the well‐being of patients and family caregivers.