bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Service Quality and Passenger Satisfaction on the Coastal Routes of Southwest Crete
Authors: Sitzimis Ioannis 
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper is to validate the correctness of the defining variables (categories) used by Sitzimis (2024a) to measure the quality of services provided on the coastal lines of southwest Crete. In this context it tries to determine both how much they affect the overall passenger satisfaction and which one is the most important. This research is both novel and distinct and could hopefully be expanded to include comparable coastal routes around the world and other means of transport. It is also expected to benefit shipowners, passengers, and policymakers by maintaining the level of services provided at a satisfactory level. Methodologically, we have used confirmatory factor analysis to determine the real factors affecting the quality of coastal services in southwest Crete. A non-parametric correlation test has been applied between the degree of satisfaction and the above factors. It has shown that there is a moderate positive correlation. We have tested through multiple regression both the extent to which these factors have an impact on passengers’ satisfaction and their relative significance. The resulting evaluation factors are "comfort, safety, land and on-board services", "pricing policy" and "route reliability". They have predicted 63.5% of passengers’ satisfaction variance and the first factor is the most significant. Their improvement is expected to stimulate the users’ satisfaction. Ιt appears that the five categories used by Sitzimis, and their hierarchical classification, have not been fully confirmed by the factor analysis.
Assessment on Maritime Students' Awareness, Perceptions and Needs in Career Planning in Tertiary Education
Authors: Özdemir Pınar 
Published: October 2024

Although seafaring is seen as an attractive profession for prospective students in terms of having the opportunity to see different parts of the world while working and earning more money in less time compared to other professions, the harsh conditions of duties onboard sometimes overshadow this attractiveness, which may lead students to question their choices and seek different career alternatives. This study aims at assessing maritime students' knowledge, perceptions, and needs regarding career awareness and career planning at the tertiary level. The study also seeks to understand students' awareness of career-related activities and the role and responsibilities of the career centre. The research component of the study involves administering a questionnaire to 381 first-year students at a maritime-focused university. The questionnaire comprises twenty questions based on a five-point Likert scale and has been electronically distributed. The data collected has been analysed using parametric methods based on four variables: career anchor, career awareness, career centre awareness, and career planning awareness. The study has revealed that most of the students are aware of their own characteristics and the sacrifices required by their future profession, but they had not yet decided which career path to follow after graduation. The study has also revealed that students are interested in developing their skills through extracurricular activities and consider entrepreneurship as a future career option. The results suggest that career offices in maritime universities should create more opportunities to provide students with adequate information about their future careers and to enable them to make correct and realistic decisions about their career paths. The next study on this topic can focus on how to raise awareness of the functions of career officers and how to develop maritime-oriented career planning courses so that the students can make more realistic and satisfying career choices.
Entre la reprogramación urbana y la reprogramación edilicia: el Cap Ducal y la tensión industria-balneario de Viña del Mar de 1884 a 1985
Authors:   , Abarca Capdevila Franco Dylan 
Published: October 2024

La tesis pone en relación la reprogramación urbana de Viña del Mar con la reprogramación edilicia del Cap Ducal para evidenciar el condicionamiento que la evolución de la tensión industria-balneario de la ciudad tuvo en las transformaciones del edificio. Para esto, se hará un levantamiento urbano y edilicio de cuatro periodos que se resumirán en los años en que la reprogramación del Cap Ducal implicó un cambio formal del edificio: 1884: Piscina de Baños de Miramar; 1912: Chalet Mackenna; 1936: Cap Ducal y 1985: Hotel-Restaurant Cap Ducal. De este análisis se hará un diagnóstico del Hotel-Restaurant Cap Ducal de 1985 en relación con la pérdida de su condición balnearia. Para obtener directrices que permitan reactivar su condición balnearia, se analizarán formal y programáticamente las piscinas de mar que tuvo Viña del Mar: la Piscina de Baños de Miramar (1884), la Piscina de Recreo (1930) y la Piscina Municipal de 8 Norte (1929).	"
Comparative Analysis of Agritourism Service Quality for Domestic and Foreign Tourists in Kerala: A SERVQUAL Approach
Authors: T Maria Poulose , K. N. Ushadevi 
Published: October 2024

Aims: The article aimed to measure the quality of services offered at the agritourism centre to ensure the operational effectiveness of centres as well as the tourist satisfaction. The study uses the SERVQUAL model, which assesses dimensions such as tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, to identify the strengths and weaknesses in service delivery in Kerala's agritourism sector. Understanding these differences is critical for tailoring experiences to meet the diverse expectations of both domestic and foreign visitors [1].
Objective: Analyse the Service Quality for Domestic and Foreign Tourists at Agritourism centres.
Methodology: Primary survey was conducted among 150 domestic tourists and 150 foreign tourists who visited agritourism centres in Kerala using pre tested structured questionnaire.
Results: The service quality analysis shows the highest satisfaction level of domestic tourists and lowest satisfaction level of foreign tourists towards the overall services provided at the agritourism center. The analysis revealed a lack of efficient signage boards, lack of trained guides and lack of accessibility features for disabled individuals at the agritourism destinations. Aside from these areas, the services demonstrated a higher level of performance. Neglecting these aspects will results in various negative outcomes, affecting tourists’ satisfaction and overall efficiency. Signage boards at agritourism destinations offer essential directions, enhance the overall visitor experience, and ensure both safety and accessibility. By focusing in clear, informative, and thoughtfully designed signs, agritourism destinations can boost visitor satisfaction, enhance their operations, and achieve success in a competitive market. The presence of trained guides will also enhance the tourists experience by ensuring safety, delivering valuable educational content, boost operational efficiency, provide personalized customer service, and support cultural and community engagement. Investing in well-trained guides enables agritourism destinations to improve the quality of their services, create memorable and rewarding experiences for visitors. Prioritizing the disability-friendly practices will play a key role in shaping a welcoming, inclusive, and successful industry that serves all individuals equitably.
Conclusion: The study identified the quality gaps that experienced by the tourists at agritourism centres. Upholding high service quality in agritourism destinations is crucial for ensuring visitor satisfaction, gaining a competitive advantage, managing reputation, and maximizing both economic and community benefits [2]. Ultimately, high service quality will become the key driver of growth and prosperity for agritourism destinations.
Temporal and Environmental Factors Driving Vibrio Vulnificus and V. Parahaemolyticus Populations and Their Associations With Harmful Algal Blooms in South Carolina Detention Ponds and Receiving Tidal Creeks
Authors: Greenfield D. I. , Gooch Moore J. , Stewart J. R. , Hilborn E. D. , George B. J. , Li Q. , Dickerson J. , Keppler C. K. , Sandifer P. A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIncidences of harmful algal blooms (HABs) and Vibrio infections have increased over recent decades. Numerous studies have tried to identify environmental factors driving HABs and pathogenic Vibrio populations separately. Few have considered the two simultaneously, though emerging evidence suggests that algal blooms enhance Vibrio growth and survival. This study examined various physical, nutrient, and temporal factors associated with incidences of HABs, V. vulnificus, and V. parahaemolyticus in South Carolina coastal stormwater detention ponds, managed systems where HABs often proliferate, and their receiving tidal creek waters. Five blooms occurred during the study (2008–2009): two during relatively warmer months (an August 2008 cyanobacteria bloom and a November 2008 dinoflagellate bloom) followed by increases in both Vibrio species and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively, and three during cooler months (December 2008 through February 2009) caused by dinoflagellates and euglenophytes that were not associated with marked changes in Vibrio abundances. Vibrio concentrations were positively and significantly associated with temperature and dissolved organic matter, dinoflagellate blooms, negatively and significantly associated with suspended solids, but not significantly correlated with chlorophyll or nitrogen. While more research involving longer time series is needed to increase robustness, findings herein suggest that certain HAB species may augment Vibrio occurrences during warmer months.
Whole‐Ocean Changes in Silica and Ge/Si Ratios During the Last Deglacial Deduced From Long‐Lived Giant Glass Sponges
Authors: Jochum K. P. , Schuessler J. A. , Wang X.‐H. , Stoll B. , Weis U. , Müller W. E. G. , Haug G. H. , Andreae M. O. , Froelich P. N. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSilicon is a keystone nutrient in the ocean for understanding climate change because of the importance of Southern Ocean diatoms in taking up CO2 from the surface ocean‐atmosphere system and sequestering carbon into the deep sea. Here we report on silicon isotopes and germanium‐to‐silicon ratios in giant glass spicules of deep‐sea sponge Monorhaphis chuni over the past 17,000 years. In situ measurements of Si isotopes and Ge concentrations show systematic variations from rim to center of the cross sections. When calibrated against seawater concentrations using data from modern spicule rims, sponge data indicate that dissolved silica concentrations in the deep Pacific were ~12% higher during the early deglacial. These deep Pacific Ocean data help to fill an important global gap in paleo‐nutrient records. Either continental sources supplied more silica to the deglacial ocean and/or biogenic silica burial was lower, both of which may have affected atmospheric CO2.
Atmospheric Flow Patterns Around the Southern Alps of New Zealand and Implications for Paleoaltimetry
Authors: Wheeler L. B. , Galewsky J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe development of relief may generate leeside rain shadows where precipitation δ18O values are lower due to rainout on the windward side. The magnitude of lowering in paleo‐δ18O sampled from the leeside of a mountain range should, at least, in principle, be related to the elevation of the mountain range. In order for leeside proxies to record the highest elevations, the majority of air masses need to travel up and over the ridge crest before raining out on the leeside. If atmospheric flow patterns around the mountain range are dominated by flow deflection, air masses that reach the leeside are less likely to record the highest elevations. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting model and Hybrid Single‐Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model, we demonstrate that modern atmospheric flow patterns in the Southern Alps of New Zealand are not dominated by flow deflection. The lack of flow deflection around the Southern Alps and the relatively low relief throughout the uplift history supports the use of leeside isotope records to constrain the timing of uplift, and that uplift likely occurred ~5 Ma based on leeside isotope records. In contrast, orogens that are characterized by high elevations and strong flow deflection, like the Sierra Nevada of California, may not be good candidates for leeside isotope‐based paleoaltimetry studies. Ideal candidates for such studies should be characterized by relatively low elevations, low atmospheric flow deflection, and relatively low relief throughout the period of uplift.
The Dominant Role of the East Siberian Sea in Driving the Oceanic Flow Through the Bering Strait—Conclusions From GRACE Ocean Mass Satellite Data and In Situ Mooring Observations Between 2002 and 2016
Authors: Peralta‐Ferriz Cecilia , Woodgate Rebecca A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIt is typically stated that the Pacific‐to‐Arctic oceanic flow through the Bering Strait (important for Arctic heat, freshwater, and nutrient budgets) is driven by local wind and a (poorly defined) far‐field “pressure head” forcing, related to sea surface height differences between the Pacific and the Arctic. Using monthly, Arctic‐wide, ocean bottom pressure satellite data and in situ mooring data from the Bering Strait from 2002 to 2016, we discover the spatial structure of this pressure head forcing, finding that the Bering Strait throughflow variability is dominantly driven from the Arctic, specifically by sea level change in the East Siberian Sea (ESS), in turn related to westward winds along the Arctic coasts. In the (comparatively calm) summer, this explains approximately two thirds of the Bering Strait variability. In winter, local wind variability dominates the total flow, but the pressure head term, while still correlated with the ESS‐dominated sea level pattern, is now more strongly related to Bering Sea Shelf sea level variability.
Nonlinear Gravity Wave Forcing as a Source of Acoustic Waves in the Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Ionosphere
Authors: Snively J. B. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractNumerical simulations demonstrate theoretical predictions that gravity waves with short periods (∼4–8 min) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere may force secondary acoustic waves, with harmonic periods (∼2‐4 minutes), that can reach detectable amplitudes in the thermosphere and ionosphere. The mechanism is through their vertical fluxes of vertical momentum, which lead to forcing as they are disrupted by varying stratification or instability. This is shown likely to occur where horizontally or radially opposing gravity waves interact at large amplitudes, such as above large convective sources, and after overturning. Evanescence and reflection of the waves can lead to further enhancements of the vertical fluxes and the potential for forcing. Results thus identify one of likely several mechanisms for the nonlinear conversion from gravity waves to acoustic waves, to elucidate an unappreciated source of vertical coupling.
Climate and Anthropogenic Controls of Coastal Deoxygenation on Interannual to Centennial Timescales
Authors: Wang Yi , Hendy Ingrid , Napier Tiffany J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractUnderstanding dissolved oxygen variability in the ocean is limited by the short duration of direct measurements; however, sedimentary oxidation‐reduction reactions can provide context for modern observations. Here we use bulk sediment redox‐sensitive metal enrichment factors (MoEF, ReEF, and UEF) and scanning X‐ray fluorescence records to examine annual‐scale sedimentary oxygen concentrations in the Santa Barbara Basin from the Industrial Revolution (Common Era ~1850) to present. Enrichments are linked to measured bottom water oxygen concentrations after 1986. We reveal gradual intensification of the coastal oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) on the southern California margin coinciding with the twentieth century anthropogenic warming trend that leads to reduced oxygen solubility and greater stratification. High‐frequency interannual oscillations become more prominent over the last three decades. These are attributed to local “flushing events” triggered by the transition from El Niño to La Niña conditions, which further amplify changes in the extratropical southern Californian OMZ.
Heat Flux Distribution of Antarctica Unveiled
Authors: Martos Yasmina M. , Catalán Manuel , Jordan Tom A. , Golynsky Alexander , Golynsky Dmitry , Eagles Graeme , Vaughan David G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAntarctica is the largest reservoir of ice on Earth. Understanding its ice sheet dynamics is crucial to unraveling past global climate change and making robust climatic and sea level predictions. Of the basic parameters that shape and control ice flow, the most poorly known is geothermal heat flux. Direct observations of heat flux are difficult to obtain in Antarctica, and until now continent‐wide heat flux maps have only been derived from low‐resolution satellite magnetic and seismological data. We present a high‐resolution heat flux map and associated uncertainty derived from spectral analysis of the most advanced continental compilation of airborne magnetic data. Small‐scale spatial variability and features consistent with known geology are better reproduced than in previous models, between 36% and 50%. Our high‐resolution heat flux map and its uncertainty distribution provide an important new boundary condition to be used in studies on future subglacial hydrology, ice sheet dynamics, and sea level change.
The Rapid Responses of Magnetosonic Waves to the Compression and Expansion of Earth's Magnetosphere
Authors: Li L. Y. , Liu B. , Yu J. , Cao J. B. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractUnder different solar wind dynamic pressures, we observed the magnetosonic (MS) wave amplification and attenuation associated with the compression and expansion of the Earth's magnetosphere. By analyzing the wave and particle variations recorded by the twin Van Allen Probes, we found that the magnetospheric compression or expansion can alter the keV proton phase space density distribution in velocity space and thus affects the MS wave intensity in upper band (f > 50 Hz) in the dawnside magnetosphere (magnetic local time ~ 4.0–7.9 and L ~ 5.7–3.0). During the magnetospheric compression period, the reduction of the 0.1 to 2 keV protons and the enhancement of the 3 to 7 keV protons form a positive phase space density gradient in their velocity space (i.e., the proton ring distribution), and meanwhile, the upper band MS waves are significantly amplified in the proton ring distribution region. During the subsequent magnetospheric expansion period, the enhancement of the 0.1 to 2 keV protons and the reduction of the protons above 3 keV produce a negative phase space density gradient in their velocity space, and meanwhile, the upper band MS waves are rapidly damped. These observations demonstrate that the intensity of the upper band MS waves in the dawnside magnetosphere is highly variable during the change in solar wind pressure.
Estimating Trends and Variation of Net Biome Productivity in India for 1980–2012 Using a Land Surface Model
Authors: Gahlot Shilpa , Shu Shijie , Jain Atul K. , Baidya Roy Somnath 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this paper we explore the trend in net biome productivity (NBP) over India for the period 1980–2012 and quantify the impact of different environmental factors, including atmospheric CO2 concentrations ([CO2]), land use and land cover change, climate, and nitrogen deposition on carbon fluxes using a land surface model, Integrated Science Assessment Model. Results show that terrestrial ecosystems of India have been a carbon sink for this period. Driven by a strong CO2 fertilization effect, magnitude of NBP increased from 27.17 TgC/yr in the 1980s to 34.39 TgC/yr in the 1990s but decreased to 23.70 TgC/yr in the 2000s due to change in climate. Adoption of forest conservation, management, and reforestation policies in the past decade has promoted carbon sequestration in the ecosystems, but this effect has been offset by loss of carbon from ecosystems due to rising temperatures and decrease in precipitation.
Algae Drive Enhanced Darkening of Bare Ice on the Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: Stibal Marek , Box Jason E. , Cameron Karen A. , Langen Peter L. , Yallop Marian L. , Mottram Ruth H. , Khan Alia L. , Molotch Noah P. , Chrismas Nathan A. M. , Calì Quaglia Filippo , Remias Daniel , Smeets C. J. P. Paul , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Ryan Jonathan C. , Hubbard Alun , Tranter Martyn , van As Dirk , Ahlstrøm Andreas P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSurface ablation of the Greenland ice sheet is amplified by surface darkening caused by light‐absorbing impurities such as mineral dust, black carbon, and pigmented microbial cells. We present the first quantitative assessment of the microbial contribution to the ice sheet surface darkening, based on field measurements of surface reflectance and concentrations of light‐absorbing impurities, including pigmented algae, during the 2014 melt season in the southwestern part of the ice sheet. The impact of algae on bare ice darkening in the study area was greater than that of nonalgal impurities and yielded a net albedo reduction of 0.038 ± 0.0035 for each algal population doubling. We argue that algal growth is a crucial control of bare ice darkening, and incorporating the algal darkening effect will improve mass balance and sea level projections of the Greenland ice sheet and ice masses elsewhere.
Nitrogen Availability Dampens the Positive Impacts of CO2 Fertilization on Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon and Water Cycles
Authors: He Liming , Chen Jing M. , Croft Holly , Gonsamo Alemu , Luo Xiangzhong , Liu Jane , Zheng Ting , Liu Ronggao , Liu Yang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe magnitude and variability of the terrestrial CO2 sink remain uncertain, partly due to limited global information on ecosystem nitrogen (N) and its cycle. Without N constraint in ecosystem models, the simulated benefits from CO2 fertilization and CO2‐induced increases in water use efficiency (WUE) may be overestimated. In this study, satellite observations of a relative measure of chlorophyll content are used as a proxy for leaf photosynthetic N content globally for 2003–2011. Global gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration are estimated under elevated CO2 and N‐constrained model scenarios. Results suggest that the rate of global GPP increase is overestimated by 85% during 2000–2015 without N limitation. This limitation is found to occur in many tropical and boreal forests, where a negative leaf N trend indicates a reduction in photosynthetic capacity, thereby suppressing the positive vegetation response to enhanced CO2 fertilization. Based on our carbon‐water coupled simulations, enhanced CO2 concentration decreased stomatal conductance and hence increased WUE by 10% globally over the 1982 to 2015 time frame. Due to increased anthropogenic N application, GPP in croplands continues to grow and offset the weak negative trend in forests due to N limitation. Our results also show that the improved WUE is unlikely to ease regional droughts in croplands because of increases in evapotranspiration, which are associated with the enhanced GPP. Although the N limitation on GPP increase is large, its associated confidence interval is still wide, suggesting an urgent need for better understanding and quantification of N limitation from satellite observations.