bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of LRG1 and LRG2’s monopole in inferring the DESI 2024 BAO cosmology
Authors: Wang Zhengyi , Lin Shijie , Ding Zhejie , Hu Bin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) collaboration recently released its first year of data (DR1) on baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in galaxy, quasar, and Lyman-$\alpha$ forest tracers. When combined with cosmic microwave background (CMB) and Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) data, DESI BAO results suggest potential thawing behaviour in dark energy. Cosmological analyses utilize comoving distances along ($D_\mathrm{ H}$) and perpendicular to ($D_\mathrm{ M}$) the line of sight. Notably, there are $1\sim 2\sigma$ deviations in $D_\mathrm{ M}$ and $D_\mathrm{ H}$ from Planck cosmology values in the luminous red galaxies (LRG) bins LRG1 and LRG2.This study examines the role of LRG1 and LRG2 in diverging DESI 2024 BAO cosmology from Planck cosmology. We use angle-averaged distance $D_\mathrm{ V}$ and the ratio $F_{\rm AP}=D_\mathrm{ M}/D_\mathrm{ H}$, which are more directly related to the measured monopole and quadrupole components of the galaxy power spectrum or correlation function, instead of the officially adopted $D_\mathrm{ M}$ and $D_\mathrm{ H}$. This transformation aims to isolate the influence of monopoles in LRG1 and LRG2 on deviations from $w=-1$. Our findings indicate that removing the $D_\mathrm{ V}$ data point in LRG2 aligns DESI + CMB + SNIa data compilation with $w=-1$ within a $2\sigma$ contour and reduces the $H_0$ discrepancy from the Planck 2018 results from $0.63\sigma$ to $0.31\sigma$. Similarly, excluding the $D_\mathrm{ V}$ data point from LRG1 shifts the $w_0/w_a$ contour toward $w=-1$, although no intersection occurs. This highlights the preference of both LRG1 and LRG2 BAO monopole components for the thawing dark energy model, with LRG2 showing a stronger preference. We provide the $D_\mathrm{ V}$ and $F_{\rm AP}$ data and their covariance alongside this paper.
Hydrodynamic shielding in radiative multicloud outflows within multiphase galactic winds
Authors: Villares A S , Banda-Barragán W E , Rojas C 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Stellar-driven galactic winds regulate the mass and energy content of star-forming galaxies. Emission- and absorption-line spectroscopy show that these outflows are multiphase and comprised of dense gas clouds embedded in much hotter winds. Explaining the presence of cold gas in such environments is a challenging endeavour that requires numerical modelling. In this paper, we report a set of 3D hydrodynamical simulations of supersonic winds interacting with radiative and adiabatic multicloud systems, in which clouds are placed along a stream and separated by different distances. As a complement to previous adiabatic, subsonic studies, we demonstrate that hydrodynamic shielding is also triggered in supersonic winds and operates differently in adiabatic and radiative regimes. We find that the condensation of warm, mixed gas in between clouds facilitates hydrodynamic shielding by replenishing dense gas along the stream, provided that its cooling length is shorter than the cloud radius. Small separation distances between clouds also favour hydrodynamic shielding by reducing drag forces and the extent of the mixing region around the clouds. In contrast, large separation distances promote mixing and dense-gas destruction via dynamical instabilities. The transition between shielding and no-shielding scenarios across different cloud separation distances is smooth in radiative supersonic models, as opposed to their adiabatic counterparts for which clouds need to be in close proximity. Overall, hydrodynamic shielding and re-condensation are effective mechanisms for preserving cold gas in multiphase flows for several cloud-crushing times, and thus can help understand cold gas survival in galactic winds.
Multiple collisions in N59 bubble: sequential cloud–cloud collisions
Authors: Chen En , Chen Xi , Chen Xuepeng , Fang Min , He Qianru 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
We report that the gas components in the N59 bubble suffered from sequential multiple cloud–cloud collision (CCC) processes. The molecular gas in the N59 bubble can be decomposed into four velocity components, namely Cloud A [95, 108] km s$^{-1}$, Cloud B [86, 95] km s$^{-1}$, Cloud C [79, 86] km s$^{-1}$, and Cloud D [65, 79] km s$^{-1}$. Four CCC processes occurred among these four velocity components, i.e. Cloud A versus Cloud B, Cloud A versus Cloud C, Cloud C versus Cloud D, and Cloud A versus Cloud D. Using the near- and mid-infrared photometric point source catalogues, we identified 514 young stellar object (YSO) candidates clustered in 13 YSO groups, and most of them ($\sim 60~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) were located at the colliding interfaces, indicating that they were mainly triggered by these four CCC processes. We also found that these four collisions occurred in a time sequential order: the earliest and most violent collision occurred between Cloud A and Cloud D about 2 Myr ago, then Cloud B collided with Cloud A about 1 Myr ago, and finally, Cloud C collided with Clouds A and D simultaneously about 0.4 Myr ago.
Constraining the properties of the thermonuclear burst oscillation source XTE J1814−338 through pulse profile modelling
Authors: Kini Yves , Salmi Tuomo , Vinciguerra Serena , Watts Anna L , Bilous Anna , Galloway Duncan K , van der Wateren Emma , Khalsa Guru Partap , Bogdanov Slavko , Buchner Johannes , Suleimanov Valery 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Pulse profile modelling (PPM) is a comprehensive relativistic ray-tracing technique employed to determine the properties of neutron stars. In this study, we apply this technique to the Type I X-ray burster and accretion-powered millisecond pulsar XTE J1814−338, extracting its fundamental properties using PPM of its thermonuclear burst oscillations. Using data from its 2003 outburst, and a single uniform temperature hotspot model, we infer XTE J1814−338 to be located at a distance of $7.2^{+0.3}_{-0.4}$ kpc, with a mass of $1.21^{+0.05}_{-0.05}$ M$_\odot$ and an equatorial radius of $7.0^{+0.4}_{-0.4}$ km. Our results also offer insight into the time evolution of the hotspot but point to some potential shortcomings of the single uniform temperature hotspot model. We explore the implications of this result, including what we can learn about thermonuclear burst oscillation mechanisms and the importance of modelling the accretion contribution to the emission during the burst.
FlyRNAi.org 2025 update—expanded resources for new technologies and species
Authors: Hu Yanhui , Comjean Aram , Rodiger Jonathan , Chen Weihang , Kim Ah-Ram , Qadiri Mujeeb , Gao Chenxi , Zirin Jonathan , Mohr Stephanie E , Perrimon Norbert 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The design, analysis and mining of large-scale ‘omics studies with the goal of advancing biological and biomedical understanding require use of a range of bioinformatics tools, including approaches tailored to needs specific to a given species and/or technology. The FlyRNAi database at the Drosophila RNAi Screening Center and Transgenic RNAi Project (DRSC/TRiP) Functional Genomics Resources (https://fgr.hms.harvard.edu/tools) supports an increasingly broad group of technologies and species. Recently, for example, we expanded the database to include additional new data-centric resources that facilitate mining and analysis of single-cell transcriptomics. In addition, we have applied our approaches to CRISPR reagent and gene-centric bioinformatics approaches in Drosophila to arthropod vectors of infectious diseases. Building on our previous comprehensive reports on the FlyRNAi database, here we focus on new and updated resources with a primary focus on data-centric tools. Altogether, our suite of online resources supports various stages of functional genomics studies for Drosophila and other arthropods, and facilitate a wide range of reagent design, analysis, data mining and analysis approaches by biologists and biomedical experts studying Drosophila, other common genetic model species, arthropod vectors and/or human biology.
RMVar 2.0: an updated database of functional variants in RNA modifications
Authors: Huang Yuantai , Zhang Luowanyue , Mu Weiping , Zheng Mohan , Bao Xiaoqiong , Li Huiqin , Luo Xiaotong , Ren Jian , Zuo Zhixiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Evaluating the impact of genetic variants on RNA modifications (RMs) is crucial for identifying disease-associated variants and understanding the pathogenic mechanisms underlying human diseases. Previously, we developed a database called RMVar to catalog variants linked to RNA modifications in humans and mice. Here, we present an updated version RMVar 2.0 (http://rmvar.renlab.cn). In this updated version, we applied an enhanced analytical pipeline to the latest RNA modification datasets and genetic variant information to identify RM-associated variants. A notable advancement in RMVar 2.0 is our incorporation of allele-specific RNA modification analysis to identify RM-associated variants, a novel approach not utilized in RMVar 1.0 or other comparable databases. Furthermore, the database offers comprehensive annotations for various molecular events, including RNA-binding protein (RBP) interactions, RNA–RNA interactions, splicing events, and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which facilitate investigations into how RM-associated variants influence post-transcriptional regulation. Additionally, we provide disease-related information sourced from ClinVar and GWAS to help researchers explore the connections between RNA modifications and various diseases. We believe that RMVar 2.0 will significantly enhance our understanding of the functional implications of genetic variants affecting RNA modifications within the context of human disease research.
The 2024 IPD-MHC database update: a comprehensive resource for major histocompatibility complex studies
Authors: Maccari Giuseppe , Robinson James , Barker Dominic J , Yates Andrew D , Hammond John A , Marsh Steven G E 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The IPD-MHC Database project (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ipd/mhc/) serves as a comprehensive and expertly curated repository for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) sequences from non-human species, providing the necessary infrastructure and tools to study the function and evolution of this highly polymorphic genomic region. In its latest version, the IPD-MHC database has expanded both in content and in the tools for data visualization and comparison. The database now hosts over 18 000 MHC alleles from 125 species, organized into eleven taxonomic groups, all manually curated and named by the Comparative MHC Nomenclature Committee. A cetacean section has recently been included, offering researchers valuable data to study the immune system of whales, dolphins, and porpoises, as well establishing the official nomenclature platform for the Cetacea Leukocyte Antigens (CeLA). In response to user demand and reflecting broader trends in bioinformatics and immunogenetics, IPD-MHC now includes the predicted tertiary structure of over 8000 alleles and allows comparison and visualisation of allele variation within and between species at single residue resolution. These latest developments maintain the critically important link between official nomenclature of curated alleles and the ability to analyse this complex polymorphism using the most up to date methods within a single repository.
Luciano Berio
Authors: Peattie Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Luciano Berio (b. 1925–d. 2003) was a leading figure in the postwar avant-garde. His subsequent reception and ongoing contributions to the history of 20th-century music during his own lifetime have only confirmed his reputation alongside Luigi Nono as one of the most important Italian composers of his generation. Berio studied composition in Milan with Giorgio Federico Ghedini and briefly at Tanglewood with Luigi Dallapiccola. The emergence of a distinct compositional voice by the early 1950s was shaped by an ambivalent if nevertheless foundational encounter with serial procedures, an engagement with folk materials, his experience in the electronic studio, lessons drawn from the fields of linguistics and semiotics, experiments with the human voice, and the idea of transcription. From the 1950s onward collaborative work assumed an important place in his creative practice, initially in the context of the Studio di Fonologia with Bruno Maderna and Umberto Eco. Collaborations with several prominent Italian writers soon followed, including Edoardo Sanguineti and Italo Calvino, both of whom provided texts for Berio’s most important stage works. A lifelong interest in collaborating with performers is best exemplified in his extraordinary creative partnership with Cathy Berberian (1925–1983). An extended stay in the United States (1960–1971), during which time he held teaching positions at Mills College and Juilliard, precipitated a return to Italy where he was once again able to devote the bulk of his energies to composition. During his final decades he received numerous awards and honors, including his appointment as the Norton Professor of Poetry at Harvard University (1993–1994). Berio’s compositional practice was guided by a set of specific concerns that included pursuing the wide transformational trajectory of a musical idea and imposing an inner logic and unity on heterogenous materials. A belief that counterpoint and analysis served as the basis of a composer’s craft is connected to his interest in the history of music, something that also informed his practice of reworking earlier pieces through the addition of layers of commentary that possess an “analytical” dimension (as in the Sequenzas recomposed as Chemins). Scholarship on Berio has long reflected a decidedly formalist orientation often rooted in sketch studies. While other perspectives have hardly been absent, more recent scholarship that situates his music in the larger social and political context of its time represents a welcome development. Although Berio’s music has given rise to a vast secondary literature in French, Italian, and German, the emphasis here is placed on English-language sources.
Clinical impact of TP53 functional mutations in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with bevacizumab and chemotherapy
Authors: Ruzzo Annamaria , Graziano Francesco , Palladino Silvia , Fischer Nicholas W , Catalano Vincenzo , Giordani Paolo , Malkin David , Tamburrano Tiziana , Patriti Alberto , Petrelli Filippo , Sarti Donatella , Chiari Rita 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Clinical and experimental studies indicate that the tumor protein p53 (TP53) gene loss of function due to missense mutations (MMs) may confer sensitivity to anti-angiogenics. This effect seems to be linked to cross-talk mechanisms among TP53, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptors. We investigated whether specific TP53 MMs are associated with clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with first-line chemotherapy plus Bevacizumab. The study focused on KRAS-mutated, liver-only mCRC cases as a homogeneous subgroup that may represent a relevant setting for exploring this association.

Materials and methods
MMs were identified on primary tumors. MMs were classified by mutant-specific residual transcriptional activity scores (TP53RTAS) as transcriptionally inactive (TP53inactive = TP53RTAS 0%) or active (TP53active = TP53RTAS ≥ 1%) and used for stratifying patients in progression-free survival (PFS), response rate, and overall survival (OS) analyses.

Results
The study population consisted of 62 patients. MMs were found in 39 cases (62%) with 16 having TP53inactive and 23 TP53active MMs. Patients with TP53inactive MMs showed better PFS in comparison with the remaining groups (wild-type and TP53active). This effect was retained in the multivariate model. A similar clinical impact was observed in the OS analysis. There was a significant difference in the overall response rate and rate of post-treatment resection of liver metastases between the TP53inactive and the wild-type or TP53active MMs cases.

Conclusions
Specific TP53 MMs may identify sub-groups of patients who benefit from Bevacizumab-based systemic therapy and these findings could lead to novel tailored treatment strategies in this setting.
Adorno on Non-identity
Authors: Cook Deborah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Working through several central texts by Adorno, this chapter will attempt to clarify the philosophical impetus behind his concept of non-identity, to reveal what animates it and what stands behind it. The first section of this chapter will show how the idea of non-identity addresses the perennial philosophical theme of unity and diversity. It will also discuss the role that contradiction, or antagonism, plays in bringing non-identity to the fore. Two subsequent sections in this chapter will offer a historical account of non-identity: they will examine where the idea first emerged in Adorno’s work and explore its more important philosophical and non-philosophical sources. Following this historical account of the idea of non-identity, the chapter will end by situating this idea within the broader context of Adorno’s critique of late capitalism because, as the author will argue, it is in this context alone that non-identity can be understood.
The Past, Present, and Future of Election Reform
Authors: Hasen Richard L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers what election “reform” is and why many Americans want it; who has successfully reformed election rules in the United States and how; the current Supreme Court’s role as a barrier to many progressive election reforms; and the future of election reform in a hyperdecentralized, polarized electoral system. Throughout American history, dissatisfaction with substantive policies and with political and economic inequality, including across race and gender, has fueled interest in changing political arrangements. Proposals for political change also prompt reactions by those opposing them. Some election reforms have already been enacted and implemented, while others have failed. Constitutional change is difficult given a cumbersome amendment process requiring supermajority support. Other reasons for failure include lack of sufficient popular support, self-interested legislative resistance to popular ideas and the absence of a direct democracy workaround, and language in the U.S. Constitution, at least as interpreted by the Supreme Court. In the current hyperpolarized political system, bipartisan cooperation on large-scale election reforms including constitutional amendments will be rare, and one-party supported statutory reforms or those passed through direct democracy will be more common. The biggest impediment to current progressive-oriented reform is the jurisprudence of the conservative Justices who make up a majority on the Supreme Court. It is harder to predict the success of election reforms in the longer term.
Redistricting Commissions
Authors: Manheim Lisa Marshall 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Redistricting commissions represent a significant innovation in American election law. By shifting power away from state legislatures and toward entities specially designed to draw electoral lines, proponents hope to unlock the potential of institutional change. Born of reform across numerous jurisdictions, these commissions reflect a wide diversity of structures and features. Some of the most important differences involve how commissioners are selected, how much autonomy each commission exercises, and the rules governing each entity’s internal voting processes. Scholars have examined these legal differences and their implications for redistricting. They have also explored, more broadly, the normative underpinnings of these reforms as well as commissions’ empirical outputs. Notwithstanding this rich body of scholarship, trends dominating American politics, including those associated with rising polarization, have outpaced the literature in potentially important ways. At least three related phenomena—the threat of partisan capture, the variable durability of reform, and the inherent limitations of commissions—complicate the work of commissions and their potential going forward and, accordingly, warrant further examination.
Political Corruption
Authors: Gilbert Michael D. , Hellman Deborah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter studies political corruption and its many relationships to the law of democracy. It begins with bribery laws, which forbid officials from selling official acts. Federal bribery law is circular, reflecting uncertainty and disagreement around the concept of bribery itself. Next, the chapter studies campaign finance regulations, which raise First Amendment concerns but are nevertheless often justified on anticorruption grounds. Then the chapter examines vote buying, which relates to the secret ballot and the complicated connections between corruption and publicity. The chapter addresses the constitutional dimensions of corruption, including its role in impeachment and the Emoluments Clauses, and it concludes with a discussion of the appearance of corruption, a concern that surfaces in many areas, including judicial recusal and misuse of office. The law of political corruption is often vague, and scholars disagree about the very nature of corruption. This leaves much authority in the hands of the actors, including judges, empowered to define corruption in practice.
The Theoretical Foundations of Campaign Finance Regulation
Authors: Dawood Yasmin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the theoretical foundations of campaign finance regulation with a particular focus on the central concepts—political equality, liberty, corruption, participation, representation, free speech, accountability, political influence, and democracy—that have animated scholarly debates. The chapter begins by outlining the key Supreme Court decisions on the constitutionality of campaign finance measures and the central concepts that have emerged from these cases. It then turns to the classic debate between libertarian and egalitarian approaches to campaign finance regulation. It also traces the egalitarian and libertarian strands in the Supreme Court’s decisions. The chapter subsequently analyzes the concept of corruption. It sets out various categorizations of corruption and addresses why corruption is wrong. The chapter then turns to the relationship between campaign finance and democracy, exploring various issues including political inequality, legislative skew, plutocracy, participation, and representation. Finally, the chapter considers the First Amendment and its application to campaign speech and elections. It canvasses debates on various topics, including money as speech, disclosure, electoral exceptionalism, electoral integrity, and the right of participation. The conclusion outlines two avenues of ongoing research: the challenges of social media and judicial deregulation, respectively, which have broad implications for campaign finance.
Voting Under State Law
Authors: Greenwood Ruth 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
As the environment for litigation and legislative advocacy becomes increasingly hostile at the federal level, many have turned to state legislative advocacy and state court litigation to protect and promote voting rights. This chapter does not discuss every important reform, or every troubling restriction, being considered at the state level, but rather outlines some key categories of laws that help, or hinder, historically disenfranchised communities with respect to voting. The chapter focuses on some of the main ways that people of color, people with disabilities, young voters, and people involved in the criminal justice system are affected by state voting laws. It also looks at the relatively recent development of state voting rights acts that seek to provide protections for people of color as federal protections are eroded and even go well beyond the types of protections that have historically been provided by federal legislation.