bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspirin and the prevention of venous thromboembolism following total joint arthroplasty
Authors: Azboy I. , Barrack R. , Thomas A. M. , Haddad F. S. , Parvizi J. 
Published: November 2017

The number of arthroplasties being performed increases each year. Patients undergoing an arthroplasty are at risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and appropriate prophylaxis has been recommended. However, the optimal protocol and the best agent to minimise VTE under these circumstances are not known. Although many agents may be used, there is a difference in their efficacy and the risk of bleeding. Thus, the selection of a particular agent relies on the balance between the desire to minimise VTE and the attempt to reduce the risk of bleeding, with its undesirable, and occasionally fatal, consequences.Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is an agent for VTE prophylaxis following arthroplasty. Many studies have shown its efficacy in minimising VTE under these circumstances. It is inexpensive and well-tolerated, and its use does not require routine blood tests. It is also a ‘milder’ agent and unlikely to result in haematoma formation, which may increase both the risk of infection and the need for further surgery. Aspirin is also unlikely to result in persistent wound drainage, which has been shown to be associated with the use of agents such as low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and other more aggressive agents.The main objective of this review was to summarise the current evidence relating to the efficacy of aspirin as a VTE prophylaxis following arthroplasty, and to address some of the common questions about its use.There is convincing evidence that, taking all factors into account, aspirin is an effective, inexpensive, and safe form of VTE following arthroplasty in patients without a major risk factor for VTE, such as previous VTE.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1420–30.
Multiple boluses of intravenous tranexamic acid to reduce hidden blood loss and the inflammatory response following enhanced-recovery primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Xie J. , Hu Q. , Ma J. , Huang Q. , Pei F. 
Published: November 2017

Aims The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of multiple boluses of intravenous (IV) tranexamic acid (TXA) on the hidden blood loss (HBL) and inflammatory response following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Patients and Methods A total of 150 patients were allocated randomly to receive a single bolus of 20 mg/kg IV TXA before the incision (group A), a single bolus followed by a second bolus of 1 g IV-TXA three hours later (group B) or a single bolus followed by two boluses of 1 g IV-TXA three and six hours later (group C). All patients were treated using a standard peri-operative enhanced recovery protocol. Primary outcomes were HBL and the level of haemoglobin (Hb) as well as the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as markers of inflammation. Secondary outcomes included the length of stay in hospital and the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Results The mean HBL was significantly lower in group C (402.13 ml standard deviation (sd) 225.97) than group A (679.28 ml sd 277.16, p < 0.001) or B (560.62 ml sd 295.22, p = 0.010). The decrease in the level of Hb between the pre-operative baseline and the level on the third post-operative day was 30.82 g/L (sd 6.31 g/L) in group A, 27.16 g/L (sd 6.83) in group B and 21.98 g/L (sd 3.72) in group C. This decrease differed significantly among the three groups (p < 0.01). The mean level of CRP was significantly lower in group C than in the other two groups on the second (p ≤ 0.034) and third post-operative days (p ≤ 0.014). The levels of IL-6 were significantly lower in group C than group A on the first three post-operative days (p = 0.023). The mean length of stay was significantly lower in group C than group A (p = 0.023). No VTE or other adverse events occurred. Conclusion Multiple boluses of IV-TXA can effectively reduce HBL following primary THA. A regime of three boluses leads to a smaller decrease in the level of Hb, less post-operative inflammation and a shorter length of stay in hospital than a single bolus. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1442–9.
Dilute to taste: Kimonos for the British market at the beginning of the twentieth century
Authors: Savas Akiko 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This article investigates the significance of the kimono in British fashion at the beginning of the twentieth century and clarifies who was active in promoting its popularity throughout Britain. It also examines the colour trends that developed for kimonos made for the British market. In the early twentieth century, large numbers of kimonos specially designed for the western market were exported to Britain by Japanese manufacturers, such as Takashimaya, where they were sold in shops and department stores in and around London. This made it increasingly possible for anyone to easily obtain kimonos, in contrast with the nineteenth century when collectors were the primary consumers of kimonos. Thus, in British fashion history the phenomenon of the ‘Japan craze’ was most notable in the 1900s–10s. Not only does archival evidence allow the export of kimonos to be tracked, it also demonstrates how changes to the garment to suit foreign markets came about. According to documented reports, the colours of kimonos needed to be ‘subdued’ for the British market. This change proved to be a highly effective ‘translation’ in design as the kimono moved from Japanese culture to the very different cultural language of British society.
The birth of modern fashion in Korea: Sartorial transition between hanbok and yangbok through production, mediation and consumption
Authors: Lee Jungtaek 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Sartorial change from hanbok (Korean dress) to yangbok (western dress) is commonly seen as marking the transitional Opening Port era of the late nineteenth century, when modern fashion emerged, seemingly replacing ‘traditional’ Korean dress with ‘modern’ western dress. However, when examining actual cases of Korean sartorial practice, this linear and dichotomous framework – non-western traditional versus western modern – has limits in its approach, lacking the multiplicity of local meanings and experiences in line with particular social and cultural contexts. This study instead explores the protean transition of dress and fashion in Korea as a way of challenging Eurocentric notions of fashion. In particular, it seeks a better understanding of the sartorial transition and local practice of modern dress and fashion emerging in colonial modern Korea through production, mediation and consumption. Critically reinterpreting diverse sources of object, image and text gleaned from the modern colonial period (1910–45), the framework of production–mediation–consumption builds up a rounded picture of the emergence of modern Korean dress and fashion that materialized through not only yangbok but also hanbok. Reflecting modern ironies of the time and the specificities of colonial society, the dichotomy between the two dress systems (hanbok and yangbok) was rather nuanced, multifaceted and intricately developed in relation to modern fashion, local modernities and the ways in which they evolved in the vernacular Korean context, across colonial and western fashion discourses.
Acute hypoxia‐reoxygenation and vascular oxygen sensing in the chicken embryo
Authors: Mohammed Riazuddin , Salinas Carlos E. , Giussani Dino A. , Blanco Carlos E. , Cogolludo Angel L. , Villamor Eduardo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFetal/perinatal hypoxia is one of the most common causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality and is frequently accompannied by vascular dysfunction. However, the mechanisms involved have not been fully delineated. We hypothesized that exposure to acute hypoxia‐reoxygenation induces alterations in vascular O2 sensing/signaling as well as in endothelial function in the chicken embryo pulmonary artery (PA), mesenteric artery (MA), femoral artery (FA), and ductus arteriosus (DA). Noninternally pipped 19‐day embryos were exposed to 10% O2 for 30 min followed by reoxygenation with 21% O2 or 80% O2. Another group was constantly maintained at 21% O2 or at 21% O2 for 30 min and then exposed to 80% O2. Following treatment, responses of isolated blood vessels to hypoxia as well as endothelium‐dependent (acetylcholine) and ‐independent (sodium nitroprusside and forskolin) relaxation were investigated in a wire myograph. Hypoxia increased venous blood lactate from 2.03 ± 0.18 to 15.98 ± 0.73 mmol/L (P < 0.001) and reduced hatchability to 0%. However, ex vivo hypoxic contraction of PA and MA, hypoxic relaxation of FA, and normoxic contraction of DA were not significantly different in any of the experimental groups. Relaxations induced by acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside, and forskolin in PA, MA, FA, and DA rings were also similar in the four groups. In conclusion, exposure to acute hypoxia‐reoxygenation did not affect vascular oxygen sensing or reactivity in the chicken embryo. This suggests that direct effects of acute hypoxia‐reoxygenation on vascular function does not play a role in the pathophysiology of hypoxic cardiovascular injury in the perinatal period.
Unitarizability, Maurey–Nikishin factorization, and Polish groups of finite type
Authors: Ando Hiroshi , Matsuzawa Yasumichi , Thom Andreas , Törnquist Asger 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Let Γ be a countable discrete group, and let

π
:

Γ
→

GL
⁢

(
H
)

{\pi\colon\Gamma\to{\rm{GL}}(H)}

be a representation of Γ by invertible operators on a separable Hilbert space H.
We show that the semidirect product group

G
=

H

⋊
π

Γ

{G=H\rtimes_{\pi}\Gamma}

is SIN (G admits a two-sided invariant metric compatible with its topology) and unitarily representable (G embeds into the unitary group

𝒰
⁢

(

ℓ
2

⁢

(
ℕ
)

)

{\mathcal{U}(\ell^{2}(\mathbb{N}))}

) if and only if π is uniformly bounded, and that π is unitarizable if and only if G is of finite type, that is, G embeds into the unitary group of a

II
1

{\mathrm{II}_{1}}

-factor. Consequently, we show that a unitarily representable Polish SIN group need not be of finite type, answering a question of Sorin Popa.
The key point in our argument is an equivariant version of the Maurey–Nikishin factorization theorem for continuous maps from a Hilbert space to the space

L
0

⁢

(
X
,
m
)

{L^{0}(X,m)}

of all measurable maps on a probability space.
Ben’s body reads the Guardian
Authors: Olson Eric T. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe can sayBen is reading, but notBen’s body is reading. The relational account says that this is because our bodies are objects that do not read. On the false-implication account, by contrast, to sayBen’s body is readingis to say that Ben is reading, while implying, falsely, that reading is some sort of brute-physical property. Besides being metaphysically neutral, this sort of view explains far better why we cannot say such things asBen’s mind is six feet tall. But neither account explains why we cannot sayBen’s body is six feet tall. The article argues that a variant of the false-implication account can solve this puzzle.
Sources of theNotabilia(1427), a medieval handwritten grammatical treatise from the Portuguese monastery of Alcobaça
Authors: Fernandes Gonçalo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe most significant Latin-Portuguese medieval grammatical treatise, due mainly to its complexity and the great number of folios, remains unpublished. It originates from the Cistercian Monastery of Alcobaça and belongs to the Portuguese National Library, codex Alc. 79. The manuscript presents the (unfinished) incipitHic incipiunt notabilia que fecit cunctisand is commonly known by the Latin nounNotabilia[noteworthy things]. The Alcobacensis manuscript is a quite elaborate volume, copied perhaps by two hands and it is divided into 31 chapters. The text identifies several main sources, such as Donatus (mid-4th century), Priscian (late 5th to early 6th century), Alexander of Villa Dei (c.1170–c.1250), Giovanni Balbi de Genova (fl.1286–1298), and two pre-modist or speculative grammarians, Petrus Helias (c.1100–post-1166) and Robert Kilwardby (c.1215–1279), but it might have other unnamed references, such as, hypothetically, the Catalan-Aragonesegrammaticae proverbiandi(fifteenth century) and the ItalianNotabiliaby Giovanni da Soncino (? –c.1363).
Passives and Constructions that resemble passives
Authors: Giacalone Ramat Anna 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper has two goals: First it offers some theoretical reflections on the relations between grammaticalization and constructionalization. Secondly, the paper discusses a case study as an instance of constructionalization, arguing in favor of the passive interpretation of the Italian construction formed by the verbvedersi‘to see oneself’ followed by the past participle. The synchronic description of the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features of this construction in Modern Italian is accompanied by a diachronic investigation based on a corpus of texts from the thirteenth century on. Results show the gradual emergence of the passive interpretation through reanalysis of a reflexive construction and the development of idiosyncratic semantic and pragmatic features distinguishing thevedersi-construction from the standardessere‘be’-passive.
Two-fluid Modeling of Geldart A Particles in Gas-solid Bubbling Fluidized Bed: Assessment of Drag Models and Solid Viscosity Correlations
Authors: Tian Tian , Jia Zhengrui , Geng Shujun , Liu Xiaoxing 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this work the influences of solid viscosity and the way to scale-down traditional drag models on the predicted hydrodynamics of Geldart A particles in a lab-scale gas-solid bubbling fluidized bed are investigated. To evaluate the effects of drag models, the modified Gibilaro et al. drag model (constant correction factor) and the EMMS drag model (non-constant correction factor) are tested. And the influences of solid viscosity are assessed by considering the empirical model proposed by Gidaspow et al. (1997, Turbulence, Viscosity and Numerical Simulation of FCC Particles in CFB. Fluidization and Fluid-particle Systems, AIChE Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, 58–62) and the models based on kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) with or without frictional stress. The resulting hydrodynamics by incorporating the different combinations of the drag model and solid viscosity model into two-fluid model (TFM) simulations are compared with the experimental data of Zhu et al. (2008, Detailed Measurements of Flow Structure inside a Dense Gas-Solids Fluidized Bed.” Powder Technological 180:339–349). The simulation results show that the predicted hydrodynamics closely depends on the setting of solid viscosity. When solid viscosity is calculated from the empirical model of Gidaspow et al., both drag models can reasonably predict the radial solid concentration profiles and particle velocity profiles. When the KTGF viscosity model without frictional stress is adopted, the EMMS drag model significantly over-estimates the bed expansion, whereas the modified Gibilaro et al. drag model can still give acceptable radial solid concentration profiles but over-estimate particle upwards and downwards velocity. When KTGF viscosity model with frictional stress is chosen, both drag models predict the occurrence of slugging. At this time, the particle velocity profiles predicted by EMMS drag model are still in well agreement with the experimental data, but the bed expansion is under-estimated.
Comparative Effects of Span 20 and Span 40 on Liposomes Release Properties
Authors: Pravilović Radoslava N. , Balanč Bojana D. , Trifković Kata T. , Đorđević Verica B. , Bošković-Vragolović Nevenka M. , Bugarski Branko M. , Pjanović Rada V. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Liposomes are known as convenient carriers for a broad range of actives. The release rate of actives can be adjusted/controlled by the addition of different surfactants. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two surfactants, Span 20 and Span 40, on liposomes release properties. In particular, the study shows how the membrane modification affects the mass transfer resistances and liposome size compared with the common liposomes. The aqueous extract of thyme was used as a model substance. It is a valuable source of natural antioxidants – polyphenols. The diffusion of polyphenols from native thyme extract (un-encapsulated) and from different types of liposomes was conducted using Franz diffusion cell. The results were approximated with Fick’s second law and they implied that liposomes modified with Span 20 provided the slowest release of polyphenolic compounds due to the highest value of mass transfer resistance (2.523 × 106 s/m).
Potential Utility of a Loaded Treadmill Protocol for Tactical Athletes
Authors: Swearingen James T. , Weiss Lawrence W. , Smith Webb A. , Stephenson Mark D. , Schilling Brian K. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Swearingen, JT, Weiss, LW, Smith, WA, Stephenson, MD, and Schilling, BK. Potential utility of a loaded treadmill protocol for tactical athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 610–616, 2018—Aerobic capacity is an important variable for tactical athletes, with V̇o
2max being the most direct way of estimating it in a laboratory setting. A mode-specific protocol involving fixed-weight, torso-borne loads was assessed in the current study. On 4 separate days, 15 men (age 22.1 ± 2.7 years, mass 85.1 ± 10.6 kg, height 179.0 ± 7.7 cm) performed a weighted treadmill walking protocol (2 trials) and a nonweighted treadmill running protocol (2 trials). Both the weighted and nonweighted protocols were reliable, with intraclass correlation coefficient values of 0.79 and 0.87, respectively. V̇o
2peak values from both protocols were highly correlated (r = 0.90, p < 0.01). However, V̇o
2peak was higher during the nonweighted protocol (t = 7.547, d = 2.47, p < 0.01). Work rate was calculated for both the last completed stage and stage during which participants reached fatigue. Work rates for both protocols on the last completed stage were similar (t = 1.44, d = 0.83, p = 0.17), although the work rate for the final attempted stage was greater for the weighted-walking protocol (t = 5.85, d = 3.60, p < 0.01). These data suggest a weighted-walking V̇o
2peak that is highly associated with a running V̇o
2peak. This test may be applied to those who routinely perform torso-borne load carriage, such as tactical athletes. Future weighted-walking protocols should seek achieve higher resolution, especially near the end stage of the test where subjects reach volitional fatigue. Large increases in work rate may not be feasible at the end stages of the test.
Validity of an Isometric Midthigh Pull Dynamometer in Male Youth Athletes
Authors: Till Kevin , Morris Rhys , Stokes Keith , Trewartha Grant , Twist Craig , Dobbin Nick , Hunwicks Richard , Jones Ben 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Till, K, Morris, R, Stokes, K, Trewartha, G, Twist, C, Dobbin, N, Hunwicks, R, and Jones, B. Validity of an isometric midthigh pull dynamometer in male youth athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(2): 490–493, 2018—The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of an isometric midthigh pull dynamometer against a criterion measure (i.e., 1,000-Hz force platform) for assessing muscle strength in male youth athletes. Twenty-two male adolescent (age 15.3 ± 0.5 years) rugby league players performed 4 isometric midthigh pull efforts (i.e., 2 on the dynamometer and 2 on the force platform) separated by 5-minute rest in a randomized and counterbalanced order. Mean bias, typical error of estimate (TEE), and Pearson correlation coefficient for peak force (PF) and peak force minus body weight (PFBW) from the force platform were validated against peak force from the dynamometer (DynoPF). When compared with PF and PFBW, mean bias (with 90% confidence limits) for DynoPF was very large (−32.4 [−34.2 to −30.6] %) and moderate (−10.0 [−12.8 to −7.2] %), respectively. The TEE was moderate for both PF (8.1 [6.3–11.2] %) and PFBW (8.9 [7.0–12.4]). Correlations between DynoPF and PF (r 0.90 [0.79–0.95]) and PFBW (r 0.90 [0.80–0.95]) were nearly perfect. The isometric midthigh pull assessed using a dynamometer underestimated PF and PFBW obtained using a criterion force platform. However, strong correlations between the dynamometer and force platform suggest that a dynamometer provides an appropriate alternative to assess isometric midthigh pull strength when a force platform is not available. Therefore, practitioners can use an isometric midthigh pull dynamometer to assess strength in the field with youth athletes but should be aware that it underestimates peak force.
NUMERICAL STUDY ON CONDENSATION IN IMMERSED CONTAINMENT SYSTEM OF ADVANCED SMR DURING UNCONTROLLED DEPRESSURIZATION
Authors: Susyadi Susyadi , Tjahjono Hendro , Tjahyani D.T. Sony 
Published: November 2017

A number of Small Modular Reactor designs have been developed by several countries and mostly each comes with specific innovative improvements. One of them is NuScale reactor which implements a steel, small size immersed-in-pool containment system. This new approach derives new challenges as the control for temperature and pressure inside the containment is conducted without any active system. Passive heat transfer and condensation is important parameter that needs to be investigated for this kind of containment design. Hence, this work examines the condensation, pressure and the effect of pool temperature on the capability of the containment to remove heat and maintain integrity passively. The work is performed using numerical simulation by modeling the reactor into RELAP5 code. The calculation result shows that during depressurization, the maximum pressure limit of 5.5 MPa is not exceeded. Besides, the containment design provides enough capability to transfer heat from the containment to the water pool passively. This work also investigates sensitivity analysis of pool temperature which shows that for the increase of about 17 oC, the heat removal from the containment to water pool is only slightly affected with value less than 3 percent.Keywords: Containment, Condensation, RELAP5, NuScale, Depresurization STUDI NUMERIK PROSES KONDENSASI PADA SISTEM PENGUNGKUNG TERENDAM UNTUK SMR SAAT DEPRESURISASI TAK TERKENDALI. Sejumlah disain reaktor modular daya kecil (SMR) sedang dikembangkan dan dibangun oleh beberapa negara dan umumnya masing masing reaktor tersebut memiliki inovasi tersendiri. Salah satunya adalah reaktor NuScale yang menggunakan sistem penggungkung ukuran kecil berbahan logam yang terendam dalam kolam air. Pendekatan baru ini memunculkan tantangan baru karena pengendalian temperatur dan tekanan dalam pengungkung dilakukan tanpa sistem aktif (peralatan bertenaga listrik). Sehingga perpindahan panas dan kondensasi secara pasif merupakan parameter penting yang perlu diinvestigasi untuk disain pengungkung seperti ini. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan memeriksa kondensasi, tekanan dan pengaruh temperatur kolam terhadap kemampuan pengungkung memindahkan panas dan menjaga integritasnya. Investigasi dilakukan menggunakan simulasi numerik dengan memodelkan reaktor ke dalam program RELAP5. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa selama depresurisasi, batas maksimum tekanan sebesar 5,5 MPa tidak terlampaui. Selain itu, disain pengungkung mampu memindahkan panas ke kolam reaktor secara pasif. Penelitian ini juga melakukan analisis sensitivitas temperatur kolam reaktor dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa untuk kenaikan temperatur kolam sebesar 17 oC, pemindahan panas dari pengungkung ke kolam hanya sedikit terpengaruh, yakni kurang dari 3 persen.Kata kunci : Pengungkung, Kondensasi, RELAP5, NuScale, Depresurisasi