bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Interplay between a Multifunctional Dehydratase Domain and a C‐Methyltransferase Effects Olefin Shift in Ambruticin Biosynthesis
Authors: Berkhan Gesche , Merten Christian , Holec Claudia , Hahn Frank 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe olefin shift is an important modification during polyketide biosynthesis. Particularly for type I cis‐AT PKS, little information has been gained on the enzymatic mechanisms involved. We present our in vitro investigations on the olefin shift occurring during ambruticin biosynthesis. The unique, multifunctional domain AmbDH4 catalyzes consecutive dehydration, epimerization, and enoyl isomerization. The resulting 3‐enethioate is removed from the equilibrium by α‐methylation catalyzed by the highly specific C‐methyltransferase AmbM. This thermodynamically unfavorable overall process is enabled by the high, concerted substrate specificity of the involved enzymes. AmbDH4 shows close relationship to DH domains and initial mechanistic studies suggest that the olefin shift occurs via a similar proton‐shuttling mechanism as previously described for EI domains from trans‐AT‐PKS.
Immobilization of Carbonylcobalt Catalyst by Poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (P4VP) through N→Co Coordination Bonds: The Promotional Effect of Pyridine and the Reusability of Polymer Catalyst
Authors: Liu Yu‐Bing , Wang Yi‐Ning , Lu Hai‐Meng , Liang Shuang , Xu Bo‐Lian , Fan Yi‐Ning 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA carbonylcobalt catalyst, immobilized by poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (P4VP) through N→Co coordination bonds, has been prepared by solvothermal method. It has been revealed that the pyridine fragments in the polymer catalyst act not only as promoters to improve the catalytic performance of the carbonylcobalt catalyst for alkoxycarbonylation of ethylene oxide to methyl 3‐hydroxypropanoate but also as stabilizers to enhance the reusability of the polymer catalyst. Furthermore, the polymer catalyst could be easily separated by filtration and reused with only a slight loss of catalytic efficiency.
Algebraic Connectivity Estimation Based on Decentralized Inverse Power Iteration
Authors: Wei Yue , Fang Hao , Chen Jie , Xin Bin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this work, we propose a new scheme to estimate the algebraic connectivity of the graph describing the network topology of a multi‐agent system. We consider network topologies modeled by undirected graphs. The main idea is to propose a new decentralized conjugate gradient algorithm and a decentralized compound inverse power iteration scheme. The matrix inversion computation in this scheme is replaced by solving the non‐homogeneous linear equations relying on the proposed decentralized conjugate gradient algorithm. With this scheme, we can achieve a fast convergence rate in estimating the algebraic connectivity by setting the parameter μ properly. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Comparative techno‐economic analysis and process design for indirect liquefaction pathways to distillate‐range fuels via biomass‐derived oxygenated intermediates upgrading
Authors: Tan Eric C. D. , Snowden‐Swan Lesley J. , Talmadge Michael , Dutta Abhijit , Jones Susanne , Ramasamy Karthikeyan K. , Gray Michel , Dagle Robert , Padmaperuma Asanga , Gerber Mark , Sahir Asad H. , Tao Ling , Zhang Yanan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper presents a comparative techno‐economic analysis (TEA) of five conversion pathways from biomass to gasoline‐, jet‐, and diesel‐range hydrocarbons via indirect liquefaction with a specific focus on pathways utilizing oxygenated intermediates. The four emerging pathways of interest are compared with one conventional pathway (Fischer‐Tropsch) for the production of the hydrocarbon blendstocks. The processing steps of the four emerging pathways include biomass‐to‐syngas via indirect gasification, syngas clean‐up, conversion of syngas to alcohols/oxygenates followed by conversion of alcohols/oxygenates to hydrocarbon blendstocks via dehydration, oligomerization, and hydrogenation. Conversion of biomass‐derived syngas to oxygenated intermediates occurs via three different pathways, producing: (i) mixed alcohols over a MoS2 catalyst, (ii) mixed oxygenates (a mixture of C2+ oxygenated compounds, predominantly ethanol, acetic acid, acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate) using an Rh‐based catalyst, and (iii) ethanol from syngas fermentation. This is followed by the conversion of oxygenates/alcohols to fuel‐range olefins in two approaches: (i) mixed alcohols/ethanol to 1‐butanol rich mixture via Guerbet reaction, followed by alcohol dehydration, oligomerization, and hydrogenation, and (ii) mixed oxygenates/ethanol to isobutene rich mixture and followed by oligomerization and hydrogenation. The design features a processing capacity of 2000 tonnes/day (2205 short tons) of dry biomass. The minimum fuel selling prices (MFSPs) for the four developing pathways range from $3.40 to $5.04 per gasoline‐gallon equivalent (GGE), in 2011 US dollars. Sensitivity studies show that MFSPs can be improved with co‐product credits and are comparable to the commercial Fischer‐Tropsch benchmark ($3.58/GGE). Overall, this comparative TEA study documents potential economics for the developmental biofuel pathways via mixed oxygenates. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Improved production of propionic acid using genome shuffling
Authors: Luna‐Flores Carlos H , Palfreyman Robin W , Krömer Jens O , Nielsen Lars K , Marcellin Esteban 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTraditionally derived from fossil fuels, biological production of propionic acid has recently gained interest. Propionibacterium species produce propionic acid as their main fermentation product. Production of other organic acids reduces propionic acid yield and productivity, pointing to by‐products gene‐knockout strategies as a logical solution to increase yield. However, removing by‐product formation has seen limited success due to our inability to genetically engineer the best producing strains (i.e. Propionibacterium acidipropionici). To overcome this limitation, random mutagenesis continues to be the best path towards improving strains for biological propionic acid production. Recent advances in next generation sequencing opened new avenues to understand improved strains. In this work, we use genome shuffling on two wild type strains to generate a better propionic acid producing strain. Using next generation sequencing, we mapped the genomic changes leading to the improved phenotype. The best strain produced 25% more propionic acid than the wild type strain. Sequencing of the strains showed that genomic changes were restricted to single point mutations and gene duplications in well‐conserved regions in the genomes. Such results confirm the involvement of gene conversion in genome shuffling as opposed to long genomic insertions.
Methodological Moderators in Prevalence Studies on Child Maltreatment: Review of a Series of Meta‐Analyses
Authors: Prevoo Mariëlle J. L. , Stoltenborgh Marije , Alink Lenneke R. A. , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. , van IJzendoorn Marinus H. 
Published: September 2016

Insight into the effects of methodological characteristics on reported child maltreatment prevalence rates can facilitate the interpretation of results of previous studies and improve the design of future prevalence studies. We reviewed findings from four previous meta‐analyses (Stoltenborgh et al., , , , ) on methodological moderators in self‐report prevalence studies on child sexual (k = 323, N = 410,951), physical (k = 157, N = 250,167) and emotional abuse (k = 42, N = 76,586), and physical (k = 13, N = 59 406) and emotional neglect (k = 16, N = 59 655). We provide an overview of the moderating effects of participant characteristics (e.g. age), the sampling method and measurement characteristics (e.g. validation). No characteristic was without influence, but specific characteristics were significant moderators for certain types of abuse and not for others. This implies that the wide range of lifetime prevalence rates reported in the literature can partly be explained by methodological differences. Our best‐evidence synthesis (sexual abuse: k = 4, N = 52 749; physical abuse: k = 2, N = 40 341; emotional abuse: k = 6, N = 4029; emotional neglect: k = 3, N = 3226) suggests that depending on the methodological characteristic under consideration a certain prevalence rate can be an over‐ or underestimation of the actual prevalence. Taking methodological characteristics' influence into consideration and choosing a sound methodology can help to get as close as possible to the actual child maltreatment prevalence. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘We reviewed findings from four previous meta‐analyses on methodological moderators in self‐report prevalence studies on child sexual, physical and emotional abuse, and physical and emotional neglect’Key Practitioner Messages

The methodological quality of studies affects the reported lifetime prevalence rates of child maltreatment, but the direction of this effect depends on the indicator of methodological quality.
A higher response rate is related to a higher reported lifetime prevalence of child maltreatment for all maltreatment types except physical abuse.
A sound study design and methodology can help researchers to get as close as possible to the actual lifetime prevalence of child maltreatment.
Who is more ethical? Cross‐cultural comparison of consumer ethics between religious and non‐religious consumers
Authors: Arli Denni , Pekerti Andre 
Published: September 2016

AbstractReligion is a significant part of daily life that affects consumers' decisions and behaviors. Religious consumers are predicted to be more ethical than non‐religious consumers. Nonetheless, past research suggests mixed results. Hence, the present study has two main objectives: (1) to examine differences in moral ideologies and ethical beliefs among religious and non‐religious consumers in Indonesia and Australia and (2) to investigate the impact of moral ideologies and religiosity on consumer ethical beliefs. This is one of the first cross‐cultural studies to compare consumer moral ideology (specifically, idealism and relativism) and consumer ethical beliefs between religious and non‐religious consumers. The results show that religious consumers tend more toward idealism than relativism and have stronger ethical beliefs regarding negative consumer ethical behaviors compared with non‐religious consumers. However, for ethical beliefs regarding specific consumer behaviors, namely, recycling and software piracy/buying counterfeit, the effect of religion was overshadowed by cultural differences between the two countries. This study contributes to the debate on the impact of moral ideologies and religiosity on consumer ethical beliefs. The findings may assist managers and public policymakers in their efforts to mitigate unethical consumer activities. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discrimination of Axial and Central Stereogenic Elements in Chiral Bis(oxazolines) Based on Atropisomeric 3,3′‐Bithiophene Scaffolds Through Chiroptical Spectroscopies
Authors: Gabrieli Sara , Mazzeo Giuseppe , Longhi Giovanna , Abbate Sergio , Benincori Tiziana 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTwo diastereoisomeric pairs of bis‐oxazolines, provided with a stereogenic center at carbon 4 and based on the 3,3′‐bithiophene atropisomeric scaffold, were synthesized and structurally characterized. They differ in the substituents at positions 2 and 5 of the thiophene rings, which are functionalized with methyl (1) or phenyl (2) groups, respectively. In vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra, recorded in CCl4 solutions, it is possible to distinctly recognize the characteristic features of axial and central stereogenic elements. In tandem with Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, the absolute configuration (AC) of the diastereoisomers was safely established. In this case, VCD was shown to be superior to ECD (electronic circular dichroism) in the assignment of AC. The normal modes, evaluated from DFT calculations, show that the VCD signals in correspondence with the stereogenic axis of the bithiophene unit are different for 1 and 2. The VCD spectra of a molecular analog of 1, the (S)‐2,2′,5,5′‐tetramethyl‐4,4′‐bis‐(diphenylphosphino)‐3,3′‐bithiophene oxide (3), characterized by the same 3,3′‐bithiophene scaffold, but devoid of stereogenic centers, exhibits signals similar to those observed in the case of diastereoisomer (aS,R,R)‐1a, associated with almost identical normal modes. Chirality 28:686–695, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Should we redefine the classic lateral pallium?
Authors: Wullimann Mario F. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe quadripartite model of the telencephalic pallium of amniotes offered by the Puelles school includes a medial, dorsal, lateral, and ventral pallium. Watson and Puelles ([2016] J. Comp. Neurol. this issue) now newly propose that the mammalian ventral pallium gives rise not only to all of the pallial amygdala but also to the olfactory cortex, which hitherto was considered to arise from the lateral pallium. Thus, the region of the lateral pallium was misidentified in the quadripartite model, as the designated histogenetic unit gives rise to the insular cortex/claustrum and should therefore be considered a most ventrolateral part of the dorsal pallium (its ventrolateral subdivision). The mesopallium of birds then is the homologue of this ventrolateral dorsal pallial part, not of the classic lateral pallium. The region designated as the ventral pallium in the initial quadripartite model should therefore be divided in the new Watson/Puelles model into a smaller ventral pallium and a lateral pallium. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1509–1513, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adding to the Arsenal of Zirconium‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks: the Topology as a Platform for Solvent‐Assisted Metal Incorporation
Authors: Liu Tian‐Fu , Vermeulen Nicolaas A. , Howarth Ashlee J. , Li Peng , Sarjeant Amy A. , Hupp Joseph T. , Farha Omar K. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Omar K. Farha and Joseph T. Hupp from Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. The cover image shows the structure of the zirconium‐based metal–organic framework, NU‐1200, and the principles we use to develop new materials.
Sensory optimization of crackers developed from high‐quality cassava flour, starch, and prawn powder
Authors: Akonor Paa T. , Dziedzoave Nanam T. , Buckman Evelyn S. , Mireku Essel Edna , Lavoe Francis , Tomlins Keith I. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCrackers produced from high‐quality cassava flour (HQCF), cassava starch, and prawn powder were optimized based on sensory preference testing. Ten different formulations of crackers were produced using mixture design. These were subjected to sensory evaluation using attributes such as taste, crispiness, puffiness, and acceptability on a 7‐point hedonic scale. A mean score of 4.7, 5.6, 5.2, and 5.2 was obtained correspondingly for taste, crispiness, puffiness, and acceptability. Scores for these attributes indicated that the crackers were acceptable. Mixture regression models were used to generate contour plots for the sensory attributes and these were superimposed to obtain an optimal region, from where an optimum formulation was chosen. Verification of the optimal formulation with acceptability studies confirmed that the newly developed snack had a likeness score of 6.3 and was highly acceptable to consumers. The study demonstrates the suitability of HQCF in processing value added snack products.
Synthesis of Cryptochiral (R,R)‐2,3‐Dideuterooxirane as Stereochemical Reference Compound and Chemical Correlation with D‐(+)‐Glyceraldehyde
Authors: Trapp Oliver , Zawatzky Kerstin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractChirality plays a pivotal role in chemistry and biology, e.g., structure‐specific targeting in drug development or the lock‐and‐key theory of enzyme interactions. Determining absolute configurations of chiral molecules is essential to understanding such mechanisms and to developing chemical processes involving chiral compounds. In particular, this becomes obvious in the understanding of chemical reaction networks in the context of the origins of life. A stereochemical reference compound that can be correlated with sugars, amino acids, etc. is of great interest. Here, we present the synthesis of enantiopure (R,R)‐2,3‐dideuterooxirane, of which the absolute configuration has been unambiguously determined by foil‐induced Coulomb explosion imaging, and the correlation with the configuration of D‐(+)‐glyceraldehyde.
The function of the DegP (HtrA) protein: Protease versus chaperone
Authors: Chang Zengyi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe DegP (or HtrA) is a highly conserved family of proteins functioning in all living organisms. It was initially identified as a protease functioning in the periplasmic space of the Gram‐negative bacterial cells. It was later reported to also exhibit chaperone activity and thus has been designated as a bifunctional protein. However, recent studies demonstrated that in living cells it more likely functions only as a protease with hardly detectable chaperone activities. In this review, I will summarize the evidences clarifying that DegP more likely only functions as a protease rather than as a chaperone in cells. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(11):904–907, 2016
Confronting Price Endogeneity in a Duration Model of Residential Subdivision Development
Authors: Wrenn Douglas H. , Klaiber H. Allen , Newburn David A. 
Published: September 2016

SummarySpatial equilibrium implies that distant factors are correlated with local prices through market mechanisms. Using this logic, we develop a novel approach for handling price endogeneity in land use models. We combine a control function approach with a duration model to identify the impact of prices in influencing land conversion. We find that failure to control for endogeneity results in large differences in elasticities. Specifically, we find an elasticity of 2.06 compared to 0.67 in a model without instrumentation. This difference is significant as it suggests that price‐based policies, such as ‘green taxes’, are likely more effective in altering development patterns than would be expected from a naïve estimation that ignores price endogeneity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Toxicological role of an acyl glucuronide metabolite in diclofenac‐induced acute liver injury in mice
Authors: Oda Shingo , Shirai Yuji , Akai Sho , Nakajima Akira , Tsuneyama Koichi , Yokoi Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe acyl glucuronide (AG) metabolites of carboxylic acid‐containing drugs are potentially chemically reactive and are suggested to be implicated in toxicity, including hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and drug hypersensitivity reactions. However, it remains unknown whether AG formation is related to toxicity in vivo. In this study, we sought to determine whether AG is involved in the pathogenesis of liver injury using a mouse model of diclofenac (DIC)‐induced liver injury. Mice that were administered DIC alone exhibited significantly increased plasma alanine aminotransferase levels, whereas mice that were pretreated with the UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase inhibitor (−)‐borneol (BOR) exhibited suppressed alanine aminotransferase levels at 3 and 6 h after DIC administration although not significant at 12 h. The plasma DIC‐AG concentrations were significantly lower in BOR‐ and DIC‐treated mice than in mice treated with DIC alone. The mRNA expression levels of chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), CXCL2 and the neutrophil marker CD11b were reduced in the livers of mice that had been pretreated with BOR compared to those that had been administered DIC alone, whereas mRNA expression of the macrophage marker F4/80 was not altered. An immunohistochemical analysis at 12 h samples revealed that the numbers of myeloperoxidase‐ and lymphocyte antigen 6 complex‐positive cells that infiltrated the liver were significantly reduced in BOR‐ and DIC‐treated mice compared to mice that were treated with DIC alone. These results indicate that DIC‐AG is partly involved in the pathogenesis of DIC‐induced acute liver injury in mice by activating innate immunity and neutrophils. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Current Physical Activity Is Independently Associated With Cortical Bone Size and Bone Strength in Elderly Swedish Women
Authors: Nilsson Martin , Sundh Daniel , Mellström Dan , Lorentzon Mattias 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

Physical activity is believed to have the greatest effect on the skeleton if exerted early in life, but whether or not possible benefits of physical activity on bone microstructure or geometry remain at old age has not been investigated in women. The aim of this study was to investigate if physical activity during skeletal growth and young adulthood or at old age was associated with cortical geometry and trabecular microarchitecture in weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing bone, and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in elderly women. In this population-based cross-sectional study 1013 women, 78.2 ± 1.6 (mean ± SD) years old, were included. Using high-resolution 3D pQCT (XtremeCT), cortical cross-sectional area (Ct.CSA), cortical thickness (Ct.Th), cortical periosteal perimeter (Ct.Pm), volumetric cortical bone density (D.Ct), trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) were measured at the distal (14% level) and ultra-distal tibia and radius, respectively. aBMD was assessed using DXA (Hologic Discovery A) of the spine and hip. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information about previous exercise and the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) was used for current physical activity. A linear regression model (including levels of exercise during skeletal growth and young adulthood [10 to 30 years of age], PASE score, and covariates) revealed that level of current physical activity was independently associated with Ct.CSA (β = 0.18, p &lt; 0.001) and Ct.Th (β = 0.15, p &lt; 0.001) at the distal tibia, Tb.Th (β = 0.11, p &lt; 0.001) and BV/TV (β = 0.10, p = 0.001) at the ultra-distal tibia, and total hip aBMD (β = 0.10, p &lt; 0.001). Current physical activity was independently associated with cortical bone size, in terms of thicker cortex but not larger periosteal circumference, and higher bone strength at the distal tibia on elderly women, indicating that physical activity at old age may decrease cortical bone loss in weight-bearing bone in elderly women. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.