bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response to therapy of papillary thyroid cancer of known BRAF status
Authors: Kowalska Aldona , Walczyk Agnieszka , Kowalik Artur , Pałyga Iwona , Gąsior‐Perczak Danuta , Trybek Tomasz , Kopczyński Janusz , Kajor Maciej , Mikina Estera , Szymonek Monika , Gadawska‐Juszczyk Klaudia , Szyska‐Skrobot Dorota , Lizis‐Kolus Katarzyna , Hurej Stefan , Chrapek Magdalena , Chłopek Małgorzata , Góźdź Stanisław 
Published: July 2017

SummaryObjectiveA dynamic risk stratification with modified initial estimated risk based on response to therapy and disease course is one of the crucial changes adopted recently by the American Thyroid Association (ATA). This approach focuses on an individualized risk‐adapted approach to the management of differentiated thyroid cancer. The BRAF V600E mutation is the most common genetic alteration in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the prognostic value of this mutation remains unclear.The aim of this study was to examine the relation between the BRAF V600E status in PTC and all ATA response‐to‐therapy categories, as well as the recurrence and persistence of both biochemical disease and structural disease.PatientsUnselected PTC cases with known BRAF status diagnosed from 2000 to 2013 and actively monitored at one institution (n=723) were reviewed retrospectively.The association between the BRAF V600E mutation and clinicopathological characteristics, ATA 2015 response‐to‐therapy category, recurrence after a period of no evidence of disease (NED) and persistent biochemical or structural disease, was analysed.ResultsBRAF V600E was found in 65.7% (475/723) of PTC cases. Although BRAF mutation status correlated significantly with certain clinicopathological prognostic factors, there was no correlation with any of the response‐to‐therapy categories. Recurrences and persistent biochemical or structural disease were not associated with BRAF status.ConclusionsOur data are consistent with those of other studies reporting a positive relation between BRAF V600E mutation and poor prognostic factors in PTC; however, the BRAF status did not significantly correlate with a response to therapy.
Private Landowner Conservation Behavior Following Participation in Voluntary Incentive Programs: Recommendations to Facilitate Behavioral Persistence
Authors: Dayer Ashley A. , Lutter Seth H. , Sesser Kristin A. , Hickey Catherine M. , Gardali Thomas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractVoluntary incentive programs are a keystone policy tool for increasing private landowner conservation behavior. Although landowner participation in conservation incentive programs is well studied, limited empirical research has focused on whether and why landowners continue to conduct conservation practices on their land after payments end, which we term persistence. The assumption is that a landowner who participates in an incentive program will likely continue the conservation practice after the payments end. This assumption fits with conservation policies that limit the number of years or times a landowner can receive payments for a given practice. If persistence occurs, it would provide cost‐effective outcomes from conservation funding investments. However, there is little published information to support persistence. Based on the narrow body of research on persistence of landowner conservation behavior, as well as persistence research in other fields, we identified five pathways that may support persistence outcomes and insights for when persistence could be expected. We then provide recommendations for policy, practice, and research. With billions of dollars invested annually in programs to incentivize landowners to take conservation action, an empirical examination of landowner conservation behavior persistence is sorely needed for shaping more effective incentive programs and policies.
Staged Treatment in Early Psychosis: A sequential multiple assignment randomised trial of interventions for ultra high risk of psychosis patients
Authors: Nelson Barnaby , Amminger G. Paul , Yuen Hok Pan , Wallis Nicky , J. Kerr Melissa , Dixon Lisa , Carter Cameron , Loewy Rachel , Niendam Tara A. , Shumway Martha , Morris Sarah , Blasioli Julie , McGorry Patrick D. 
Published: July 2017

AimPrevious research indicates that preventive intervention is likely to benefit patients “at risk” of psychosis, in terms of functional improvement, symptom reduction and delay or prevention of onset of threshold psychotic disorder. The primary aim of the current study is to test outcomes of ultra high risk (UHR) patients, primarily functional outcome, in response to a sequential intervention strategy consisting of support and problem solving (SPS), cognitive‐behavioural case management and antidepressant medication. A secondary aim is to test biological and psychological variables that moderate and mediate response to this sequential treatment strategy.MethodsThis is a sequential multiple assignment randomised trial (SMART) consisting of three steps: Step 1: SPS (1.5 months); Step 2: SPS vs Cognitive Behavioural Case Management (4.5 months); Step 3: Cognitive Behavioural Case Management + Antidepressant Medication vs Cognitive Behavioural Case Management + Placebo (6 months). The intervention is of 12 months duration in total and participants will be followed up at 18 months and 24 months post baseline.ConclusionThis paper reports on the rationale and protocol of the Staged Treatment in Early Psychosis (STEP) study. With a large sample of 500 UHR participants this study will investigate the most effective type and sequence of treatments for improving functioning and reducing the risk of developing psychotic disorder in this clinical population.
Relationships between the frequency and severity of non‐suicidal self‐injury and suicide attempts in youth with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Andrewes Holly E. , Hulbert Carol , Cotton Susan M. , Betts Jennifer , Chanen Andrew M. 
Published: July 2017

AimNon‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is a recognized indicator of suicide risk. Yet, the ubiquity of this behaviour in borderline personality disorder (BPD) limits its utility as a predictor of risk. Consequently, this study aimed to elucidate the relationship between other features of NSSI, including frequency and severity, and suicide attempts.MethodParticipants included 107 youth (15 to 25 year olds) with BPD who were assessed for BPD severity, depressive symptoms, 12‐month frequency of NSSI and suicide attempts, as well as the levels of treatment sought following each self‐harm event.ResultsThree‐quarters (75.7%) of youth with BPD reported NSSI and two‐thirds (66.4%) reported a suicide attempt over the previous 12 months. The frequency of NSSI over the previous 12 months did not show a linear or quadratic relationship with the number of suicide attempts when adjusting for severity of depression, impulsivity and interpersonal problems. NSSI severity was not associated with more frequent suicide attempts. Only impulsivity and depression were uniquely predictive of suicide attempt frequency. A relative increase in the frequency and severity of NSSI occurred in the months prior to a suicide attempt.ConclusionThe prevalence of NSSI and suicide attempts among youth presenting for their first treatment of BPD appear to be perilously high, considerably higher than rates reported by adults with BPD. Findings suggest that clinicians should give more weight to average levels of impulsivity and depression, rather than the absolute frequency and severity of NSSI, when assessing for risk of suicide attempts. Notwithstanding this, a relative increase in the frequency and severity of NSSI appears to be predictive of a forthcoming suicide attempt.
Clinical features of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome: a study of 25 patients in Korea
Authors: Lee Jin Y. , Lee Suh‐Young , Hahm Ji E. , Ha Jae W. , Kim Chul W. , Kim Sang S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundDrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare adverse drug reaction. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of association with individual drugs, clinical manifestations, disease course, and outcomes of DRESS.MethodsUsing the criteria of the European Registry of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (RegiSCAR), the medical records of 25 patients diagnosed with DRESS between 2006 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, culprit drugs, latency periods, clinical and laboratory findings, and outcomes were investigated.ResultsThe study group comprised 11 men (44%) and 14 women (56%) with an age range of 13–93 years (mean, 58 ± 19.86 years). The drugs most commonly implicated were carbamazepine (28%), allopurinol (16%), and antituberculosis drugs (12%). Individual latency periods ranged from 4 to 40 days (mean, 17.6 ± 9.95 days). Latency periods for anticonvulsants were significantly longer than those for other drugs (P < 0.05). However, no statistical differences were found between the RegiSCAR scores for anticonvulsants and those for other drugs. Disease severity, based on RegiSCAR score, was correlated with blood count abnormalities (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results of our study revealed that anticonvulsants were the leading culprit drugs for DRESS, and carbamazepine was the individual drug most commonly associated with DRESS in Korea. Further studies of the mechanisms of action of these drugs are required in order to facilitate prompt diagnosis and effective management, which can affect prognosis and clinical outcome, of DRESS.
The effect of selection history on extinction risk during severe environmental change
Authors: Lachapelle J. , Colegrave N. , Bell G. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEnvironments rarely remain the same over time, and populations are therefore frequently at risk of going extinct when changes are significant enough to reduce fitness. Although many studies have investigated what attributes of the new environments and of the populations experiencing these changes will affect their probability of going extinct, limited work has been directed towards determining the role of population history on the probability of going extinct during severe environmental change. Here, we compare the extinction risk of populations with a history of selection in a benign environment, to populations with a history of selection in one or two stressful environments. We exposed spores and lines of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii from these three different histories to a range of severe environmental changes. We found that the extinction risk was higher for populations with a history of selection in stressful environments compared to populations with a history of selection in a benign environment. This effect was not due to differences in initial population sizes. Finally, the rates of extinction were highly repeatable within histories, indicating strong historical contingency of extinction risk. Hence, information on the selection history of a population can be used to predict their probability of going extinct during environmental change.
Ovarian apoplexy resulting from ruptured heterotopic pregnancy following intrauterine insemination
Authors: Gundabattula Sirisha Rao , Resapu Padmasree , Surampudi Kameswari , Surapaneni Tarakeswari , De Padua Michelle 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHeterotopic pregnancy is on the rise with the use of assisted conception and commonly involves the fallopian tube. Ovarian heterotopic pregnancy is rare, with fewer than 40 reported cases in PubMed/Medline; cases of ovarian ectopic pregnancy after intrauterine insemination are even rarer, with only seven published reports. We report here a case of ovarian heterotopic pregnancy following intrauterine insemination; this could possibly be the first such report. Our patient presented with circulatory collapse in the first trimester and laparoscopy disclosed an ovarian pregnancy with hemoperitoneum. Following resection of the ovarian pregnancy, the intrauterine gestation continued undisturbed and the patient delivered at term. Heterotopic pregnancy and unusual ectopic locations should be considered a possibility in pregnant women with pelvic pain, particularly following fertility treatment, including ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination.
New knowledge and insights about the malignant transformation of endometriosis
Authors: Taniguchi Fuminori 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEndometriosis may be a definitive risk factor for ovarian cancer, the most fatal gynecological cancer. The ability of endometriosis to transform into malignancy, first described by Dr. Sampson in 1925, is considered a rare occurrence, affecting approximately 1% of ovarian endometriomas.Recently we conducted a retrospective study regarding the malignant transformation of endometriosis in Japanese women. Many studies have reported a consistent correlation between endometriosis and ovarian cancer according to histological subtypes. However, the existing epidemiological evidence linking this association is insufficient to define the role of endometriosis as a cause of ovarian cancer and to influence changes to current clinical practice. Prospective cohort studies are therefore needed to clarify this issue. Additionally, the results of many molecular studies are conflicting, and earlier studies showing the molecular aberrations involved in genomic instability and mutation that enable malignant transformation have not been replicated in later studies. Careful long‐term observation of a patient with endometrioma is required to detect possible subsequent incidence of malignant transformation. More importantly, a precise strategy should be set up for better prevention, early detection, specific diagnosis and treatment targeting molecular pathogenesis to understand the mechanisms of endometriosis‐associated ovarian cancer. Clinicians need to be aware of the increased ovarian cancer risk in women with endometriosis.
The association between dental, general, and mental health status among underserved and vulnerable populations served at health centers in the US
Authors: Nguyen Vy H. , Lin Sue C. , Cappelli David P. , Nair Suma 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesVulnerable populations in underserved communities are disproportionately at high risk for multiple medical, dental, and behavioral health conditions. This study aims to: a) examine the occurrence of acute dental needs and b) investigate the association of acute dental needs and self‐rated general and mental health status among the adult dentate health center population.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study analyzed data on adult patients (n = 5,035) from the 2014 Health Center Patient Survey, a nationally representative survey of health center patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association of acute dental needs and a) self‐rated general health status and b) mental health status.ResultsApproximately, two thirds of adult dentate heath center patients reported having an acute dental need. After adjusting for confounding factors, not having or having had health insurance that pays for dental care, general health status of fair or poor, and ever having a mental illness were associated with higher odds of having an acute dental need.ConclusionsThe results highlight the role of health centers in addressing oral health disparities among vulnerable populations and the importance of a team‐based multidisciplinary approach to ensuring the integration and coordination of oral health services within a comprehensive primary care delivery system.
In an era of highly effective treatment, hepatitis C screening of the United States general population should be considered
Authors: Younossi Zobair , Blissett Deidre , Blissett Rob , Henry Linda , Younossi Youssef , Beckerman Rachel , Hunt Sharon 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsHepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment with all oral direct acting antiviral agents (DAA's) achieve sustained virologic response (SVR) rates of 98%. Re‐assessment of general US population screening for HCV is imperative. This study compared the cost‐effectiveness (CE) of three HCV screening strategies: screen all (SA), screen Birth Cohort (BCS), and screen high risks (HRS).MethodsUsing a previous designed decision‐analytic Markov model, estimations of the natural history of HCV and CE evaluation of the three HCV screening strategies over a lifetime horizon in the US population was undertaken. Based on age and risk status, 16 cohorts were modelled. Health states included: Fibrosis stages 0 to 4, decompensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, LT, post‐LT, and death. The probability of liver disease progression was based on the presence or absence of virus. Treatment was with approved all‐oral DAAs; 86% were assumed to be seen annually by a primary care provider; SVR rates, transition probabilities, utilities, and costs were from the literature. One‐way sensitivity analyses tested the impact of key model drivers.ResultsSA cost $272.0 billion [$135 279 per patient] and led to 12.19 QALYs per patient. BCS and HRS cost $274.5 billion ($136 568 per patient) and $284.5 billion ($141 502 per patient) with 11.65 and 11.25 QALYs per patient respectively. Compared to BCS, SA led to an additional 0.54 QALYs per patient and saved $2.59 billion; compared to HRS, SA led to 0.95 additional QALYs per patient and saved $12.5 billion.ConclusionsScreening the entire US population and treating active viraemia was projected as cost‐saving.
Hepatitis E virus ORF 1 induces proliferative and functional T‐cell responses in patients with ongoing and resolved hepatitis E
Authors: Al‐Ayoubi Jana , Behrendt Patrick , Bremer Birgit , Suneetha Pothakamuri Venkata , Gisa Anett , Rinker Franziska , Manns Michael P. , Cornberg Markus , Wedemeyer Heiner , Kraft Anke R. M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground and AimsHepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis with >3 million symptomatic cases per year accounting for 70 000 HEV‐related deaths. HEV‐specific T‐cell responses have been investigated against structural proteins expressed by open reading frames (ORF) 2 and 3. T‐cell responses against non‐structural HEV proteins encoded by ORF1 are hardly studied. The aim of this study was to determine HEV ORF1‐specific T‐cell responses in comparison to ORF2/3 in patients exposed to HEV.MethodsHEV‐specific CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell responses against HEV genotype 3 were investigated in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis E as well as in HEV seropositive and seronegative individuals. HEV‐specific T‐cell responses were determined by proliferation and intracellular cytokine assay upon stimulation of PBMCs with HEV‐specific overlapping peptide pools spanning the entire HEV genome. HEV‐antigen was measured using an anti‐HEV antigen‐specific ELISA.ResultsBroad HEV ORF1‐specific T‐cell responses were detected in patients with acute, resolved and chronic hepatitis E without distinct dominant regions. The magnitude and frequency in recognition of ORF1‐specific T‐cell responses were similar compared to responses against HEV ORF2/3. Longitudinal studies of HEV‐specific T‐cell responses displayed similar behaviour against structural and non‐structural proteins. HEV‐antigen levels were inversely correlated with HEV‐specific T‐cell responses.ConclusionsHEV‐specific T‐cell responses are detectable against the entire HEV genome including the non‐structural proteins. HEV‐specific T‐cell responses are associated with control of HEV infection. These findings have implications for the design of HEV vaccines.
Thai people living with tuberculosis and how they adhere to treatment: A grounded theory study
Authors: Choowong Jiraporn , Tillgren Per , Söderbäck Maja 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTo develop a conceptual framework of adherence to treatment among Thai people living with tuberculosis, a grounded theory approach was used. A purposive sample of 20 Thai people living with tuberculosis, aged from 23 to 85 years, was interviewed. From the participants' perspective, a core category of social belonging was highlighted, with three categories of conditions connected: personal barriers, personal resilience, and social facilitation. Personal barriers encompassed fear of stigma, concealing the illness, and lack of knowledge and motivation to complete the treatment regime. Personal resilience encompassed positive thinking and self‐awareness. Social facilitation encompassed the ease of access to health services, continuity in the health service's ability to choose a directly‐observed therapy observer, and social support. This study contributes a deeper understanding of the perspective of Thai people living with tuberculosis with regards to adherence to tuberculosis treatment. It might improve how local healthcare workers provide tuberculosis care, and inspire them to tailor care to people living with tuberculosis in a local community to increase personal resilience and reduce stigma.
Biblical language instruction by the book: Rethinking the status quaestionis
Authors: Sanders Carl E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGrammar‐translation pedagogy is the standard for biblical language instruction. Second language acquisition scholars have argued that grammar‐translation is ineffective and not empirically justified. Moreover, evidence suggests most seminary graduates do not use biblical languages effectively in ministry. Task‐based instruction is an important alternative pedagogy which focuses on the tasks students will be using the language for and designs the curriculum around those tasks. A task‐based approach de‐emphasizes translation and memorization of forms. Instead, the emphasis from the beginning is on biblical interpretation and exposition. Available software based resources offer new possibilities for task‐based teaching, as students can identify forms and vocabulary and have access to a library of resources. A task‐based pedagogy using these tools enables students to quickly develop skills in biblical interpretation that are normally reserved for the third or fourth semester of study. Task‐based pedagogy offers great promise for effective and efficient biblical language pedagogy.
Disruption, dialogue, and swerve: Reflective structured dialogue in religious studies classrooms
Authors: DeTemple Jill , Sarrouf John 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis article focuses on Reflective Structured Dialogue as a set of practices developed in the context of conflict resolution that are well suited to handling quotidian uneasiness and extraordinary moments of disruption in religious studies classrooms. After introducing Reflective Structured Dialogue's history, goals, and general practices, the authors consider its uses in classroom settings. They argue that a classroom in which teachers understand themselves as facilitators, and in which students are experienced in structured dialogue practices – including being comfortable in a state of intellectual “wobble” – is one more apt to be able to engage with, and more likely to benefit from, disruptive events.