bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the advantages of platelet concentrates stored at 4°C versus 22°C
Authors: Yang Jiangcun , Yin Wen , Zhang Yali , Sun Yang , Ma Ting , Gu Shunli , Gao Ying , Zhang Xiaole , Yuan Jun , Wang Wenhua 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDPlatelet (PLT) storage at cold temperatures (4°C) can reduce bacterial contamination and lower the risk of transfusion‐related complications. We compared the effects of 22 and 4°C storage conditions for PLTs to further explore the efficiency of hemostasis in acute bleeding and extended PLT shelf life.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSManually prepared PLTs (PLT concentrates in plasma, not PLT additive solution) were stored at 4 and 22°C. The PLT counts, scanning electronic microscope observations, blood gas indices, biochemical indices, PLT aggregative function, and surface CD62P expression were monitored and compared between the groups.RESULTSThere was no obvious change in PLT counts between Day 21 at 4°C and Day 5 at 22°C. PLTs stored at 4°C for 10 to 14 days were dramatically activated, had rough surfaces, and showed a significant degree of long pseudopodia formation. The pH of the PLTs on Day 5 was lower at 22°C than at 4°C, while the lactate dehydrogenase and lactic acid levels in the former group were significantly higher (p < 0.005). The maximum aggregation rates induced by collagen and arachidonic acid in the PLTs stored at 4°C for 5 days remained higher than 80%, while the rates induced by four inducers in the PLTs stored at 22°C were less than 5%. PLTs stored at 4°C for 10 to 14 days showed higher surface expression of PAC‐1 and CD62P.CONCLUSIONPLT counts, cellular morphologies, PLT membranes, cytoplasmic structures, aggregation rates, and hemostatic PLT function stored at 4°C for 10 to 14 days were better than those stored at 22°C for 5 days.
Eligibility and willingness to donate blood in men who have (had) sex with men
Authors: Romeijn Bas , Merz Eva‐Maria , Kok Gerjo , de Kort Wim , van Dongen Anne 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDSeveral countries have changed, or are reevaluating, their blood donor policies for men who have had sex with men (MSM). Changing policies has consequences for donor recruitment and the donor pool. In this study, we investigated whether MSM are eligible and willing to donate blood.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSMembers of a research panel (n = 4422) in the Netherlands were invited to participate in an online survey. We asked questions about male‐to‐male sex and risk behavior that are also asked during the predonation screening of a blood donor. Furthermore, we asked questions about willingness to donate.RESULTSThe total response rate was 60% (n = 2654). Of MSM nondonors (n = 230), 32.2% would be eligible to donate under a 12‐month deferral policy, according to their reported risk history and last male‐to‐male sex. In other scenarios, 42.6% (4‐month deferral), 38.7% (6‐month deferral), and 18.7% (5‐year deferral) would be eligible to donate. When not taking their last male‐to‐male sex into account (n = 203), 47.8% of MSM reported a moderate or high willingness to donate.CONCLUSIONA 12‐month deferral after last male‐to‐male sex is a commonly used criterion by blood services. Approximately one‐third of the MSM in our study would be eligible to donate under this deferral policy. Higher proportions of MSM would be eligible to donate in shorter deferral scenarios. Almost half of MSM are willing to donate blood. Targeting MSM by donor recruitment campaigns could therefore prove fruitful.
Efficient Translation of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) DNA Polymerase Contributes to the Enhanced Lytic Replication Phenotype of M81 EBV
Authors: Church Trenton Mel , Verma Dinesh , Thompson Jacob , Swaminathan Sankar 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is linked to the development of both lymphoid and epithelial malignancies worldwide. The M81 strain of EBV, isolated from a Chinese patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), demonstrates spontaneous lytic replication and high-titer virus production in comparison to the prototype B95-8 EBV strain. Genetic comparisons of M81 and B95-8 EBVs were previously been performed in order to determine if the hyperlytic property of M81 is associated with sequence differences in essential lytic genes. EBV SM is an RNA-binding protein expressed during early lytic replication that is essential for virus production. We compared the functions of M81 SM and B95-8 SM and demonstrate that polymorphisms in SM do not contribute to the lytic phenotype of M81 EBV. However, the expression level of the EBV DNA polymerase protein was much higher in M81- than in B95-8-infected cells. The relative deficiency in the expression of B95-8 DNA polymerase was related to the B95-8 genome deletion, which truncates the BALF5 3′ untranslated region (UTR). Similarly, the insertion of bacmid DNA into the widely used recombinant B95-8 bacmid creates an inefficient BALF5 3′ UTR. We further showed that the while SM is required for and facilitates the efficient expression of both M81 and B95-8 mRNAs regardless of the 3′ UTR, the BALF5 3′ UTR sequence is important for BALF5 protein translation. These data indicate that the enhanced lytic replication and virus production of M81 compared to those of B95-8 are partly due to the robust translation of EBV DNA polymerase required for viral DNA replication due to a more efficient BALF5 3′ UTR in M81.

IMPORTANCE
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects more than 90% of the human population, but the incidence of EBV-associated tumors varies greatly in different parts of the world. Thus, understanding the connection between genetic polymorphisms from patient isolates of EBV, gene expression phenotypes, and disease is important and may help in developing antiviral therapy. This study examines potential causes of the enhanced lytic replicative properties of M81 EBV isolated from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patient and provides new evidence for the role of the BALF5 gene 3′ UTR sequence in DNA polymerase protein expression during lytic replication. Variation in the gene structure of the DNA polymerase gene may therefore contribute to lytic virus reactivation and pathogenesis.
Akkermansia muciniphila induces gut microbiota remodelling and controls islet autoimmunity in NOD mice
Authors: Hänninen Arno , Toivonen Raine , Pöysti Sakari , Belzer Clara , Plovier Hubert , Ouwerkerk Janneke P , Emani Rohini , Cani Patrice D , De Vos Willem M 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveIntestinal microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune type 1 diabetes in humans and in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, but evidence on its causality and on the role of individual microbiota members is limited. We investigated if different diabetes incidence in two NOD colonies was due to microbiota differences and aimed to identify individual microbiota members with potential significance.DesignWe profiled intestinal microbiota between two NOD mouse colonies showing high or low diabetes incidence by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and colonised the high-incidence colony with the microbiota of the low-incidence colony. Based on unaltered incidence, we identified a few taxa which were not effectively transferred and thereafter, transferred experimentally one of these to test its potential significance.ResultsAlthough the high-incidence colony adopted most microbial taxa present in the low-incidence colony, diabetes incidence remained unaltered. Among the few taxa which were not transferred, Akkermansia muciniphila was identified. As A. muciniphila abundancy is inversely correlated to the risk of developing type 1 diabetes-related autoantibodies, we transferred A. muciniphila experimentally to the high-incidence colony. A. muciniphila transfer promoted mucus production and increased expression of antimicrobial peptide Reg3γ, outcompeted Ruminococcus torques from the microbiota, lowered serum endotoxin levels and islet toll-like receptor expression, promoted regulatory immunity and delayed diabetes development.ConclusionTransfer of the whole microbiota may not reduce diabetes incidence despite a major change in gut microbiota, but single symbionts such as A. muciniphila with beneficial metabolic and immune signalling effects may reduce diabetes incidence when administered as a probiotic.
Occupational exposures to leaded and unleaded gasoline engine emissions and lung cancer risk
Authors: Xu Mengting , Siemiatycki Jack , Lavoué Jérôme , Pasquet Romain , Pintos Javier , Rousseau Marie-Claude , Richardson Lesley , Ho Vikki 
Published: December 2017

ObjectivesTo determine whether occupational exposure to gasoline engine emissions (GEE) increased the risk of lung cancer and more specifically whether leaded or unleaded GEE increased the risk.MethodsTwo population-based case–control studies were conducted in Montreal, Canada. The first was conducted in the early 1980s and included many types of cancer including lung cancer. The second was conducted in the late 1990s and focused on lung cancer. Population controls were used in both studies. Altogether, there were 1595 cases and 1432 population controls. A comprehensive expert-based exposure assessment procedure was implemented and exposure was assessed for 294 agents, including unleaded GEE, leaded GEE and diesel engine emissions (DEE). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate ORs between various metrics of GEE exposure and lung cancer, adjusting for smoking, DEE and other potential confounders.ResultsAbout half of all controls were occupationally exposed to GEE. Irrespective of the metrics of exposure (any exposure, duration of exposure and cumulative exposure) and the type of lung cancer, and the covariates included in models, none of the point estimates of the ORs between occupational exposure to leaded or unleaded GEE and lung cancer were above 1.0. Pooling two studies, the OR for any exposure to leaded GEE was 0.82 (0.68–1.00).ConclusionsOur results do not support the hypothesis that occupational exposure to GEE increases the risk of lung cancer.
Muscle glucose transport, GLUT-4 content, and degree of exercise training in obese Zucker rats
Authors: Banks E. A. , Brozinick J. T. , Yaspelkis B. B. , Kang H. Y. , Ivy J. L. 
Published: December 2017

The effects of high (HI)- and low (LI)-intensity exercise training were examined on insulin-stimulated 3-O-methyl-d-glucose (3-MG) transport and concentration of insulin-regulatable glucose transporter protein (GLUT-4) in the red (fast-twitch oxidative) and white (fast-twitch glycolytic) quadriceps of the obese Zucker rat. Sedentary obese (SED) and lean (LN) Zucker rats were used as controls. 3-MG transport was determined during hindlimb perfusion in the presence of 8 mM 3-MG, 2 mM mannitol, 0.3 mM pyruvate, and 0.5 mU/ml insulin. HI and LI rats displayed greater rates of red quadriceps 3-MG transport and GLUT-4 concentrations than SED rats. No significant differences in rates of 3-MG transport or GLUT-4 concentrations were observed in the red quadriceps of HI and LI rats. There were no differences found in the rates of 3-MG transport in the white quadriceps of HI, LI, and SED rats although the difference between the HI and SED rats approached significance (P < 0.07). The GLUT-4 concentration and citrate synthase activity of HI rats were significantly greater than SED rats. The 3-MG transport rates of LN rats were twofold greater than SED rats regardless of fiber type, but a difference in GLUT-4 content between the LN and SED rats was observed only in the white quadriceps. GLUT-4 content of the obese rats was significantly correlated with citrate synthase activity (r = 0.93) and 3-MG transport (r = 0.82). The results suggest that the improvement in muscle insulin resistance of the obese Zucker rat after exercise training is due in part to an increased GLUT-4 concentration, which is related with the degree to which the muscle is trained.glucose transporter; insulin; insulin resistance; diabetes, muscle fiber typeSubmitted on May 21, 1992Accepted on July 31, 1992
Evaluation of baroreceptor reflex by blood pressure monitoring in unanesthetized cats
Authors: Bertinieri G. , DiRienzo M. , Cavallazzi A. , Ferrari A. U. , Pedotti A. , Mancia G. 
Published: December 2017

Page H377–H383: G. Bertinieri, M. DiRienzo, A. Cavallazzi, A. U. Ferrari, A. Pedotti, and G. Mancia. “Evaluation of baroreceptor reflex by blood pressure monitoring in unanesthetized cats.” Page H380: Table 3 should appear as the following: (See PDF)
Effect of enkephalins on cardiac output and regional blood flow in conscious dogs
Authors: Rosen C. L. , Cote A. , Haddad G. G. 
Published: December 2017

Page H1656: C. L. Rosen, A. Cote, and G. G. Haddad. “Effect of enkephalins on cardiac output and regional blood flow in conscious dogs.” Figures 5 and 6 should appear as follows. (See PDF)
Specific proteins synthesized in human lymphocytes during hypoxia
Authors: Aldashev A. A. , Agibetov K. A. , Yugai A. A. , Shamshiev A. T. 
Published: December 2017

Hypoxia is a severe stress factor to which man and most other mammalian species are capable of adapting. However, the cellular mechanisms that enable cells to tolerate decreases in ambient oxygen tension are still unknown. We have previously shown that hypoxia induces the synthesis of unique proteins (molecular mass 38, 52, 74, 76 kDa) in human aortic endothelial cells and lymphocytes. In this study we investigated the specificity of hypoxia on the upregulation of these hypoxic stress proteins (HYP) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and the role of calcium in this response. 35S-methionine pulse-labeling studies using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and two-dimensional electrophoresis and autoradiography demonstrated that normobaric hypoxia (4% O2–5% CO2–91% N2) enhanced synthesis of HYP, whereas heat-shock protein synthesis was not affected. Heat shock (42°C) and cold stress (4°C) did, however, induce synthesis of heat-shock protein but not HYP. The 38-kDa HYP is the major protein for which synthesis is upregulated by hypoxia. Its isoelectric point (pI) is 3.5–4.0, and it is localized in the cytosol. The 52-kDa HYP has a pI of >6.5, and it is also localized in the cytosol. The 74- and 76-kDa HYPs appear to be membrane bound. In addition to hypoxia, an increase in calcium concentration in the culture media (25–50 mM) enhanced synthesis of HYP. An ethylene glycol-bis(-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA)/Ca2+ binding complex, when added to blood lymphocytes during exposure to hypoxia, significantly inhibited HYP synthesis. On the basis of the similarity of molecular masses, pI, localization in the cytosol, and Ca2+ dependence of HYP expression, we suggest that HYP 38 and 52 may be isoenzymes of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate 3-kinase, an enzyme that regulates phosphoinositol turnover and intracellular calcium concentration in cells. calcium; internal localization; stress
Differences and similarities in albumin and red blood cell flows through cerebral microvessels
Authors: Tajima A. , Nakata H. , Lin S. -Z. , Acuff V. , Fenstermacher J. 
Published: December 2017

Pages H1515–H1524: A. Tajima, H. Nakata, S.-Z. Lin, V. Acuff, and J. Fenstermacher. “Differences and similarities in albumin and red blood cell flows through cerebral microvessels.” Page H1521: right column, second paragraph, the first four lines read as follows: If the cycling period is <10 s for the system, then all of the capillaries will be perfused and labeled within 10 s of the first appearance of RISA and radiotagged RBCs in cerebral capillaries. The time from intravenous injection to radiotracer appearance in cerebral capillaries is ≈7 s in the awake rat.
Marital Status and Outcomes in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Schultz William M. , Hayek Salim S. , Samman Tahhan Ayman , Ko Yi‐An , Sandesara Pratik , Awad Mosaab , Mohammed Kareem H. , Patel Keyur , Yuan Michael , Zheng Shuai , Topel Matthew L. , Hartsfield Joy , Bhimani Ravila , Varghese Tina , Kim Jonathan H. , Shaw Leslee , Wilson Peter , Vaccarino Viola , Quyyumi Arshed A. 
Published: December 2017

Background
Being unmarried is associated with decreased survival in the general population. Whether married, divorced, separated, widowed, or never‐married status affects outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease has not been well characterized.

Methods and Results

A prospective cohort (inception period 2003–2015) of 6051 patients (mean age 63 years, 64% male, 23% black) undergoing cardiac catheterization for suspected or confirmed coronary artery disease was followed for a median of 3.7 years (interquartile range: 1.7–6.7 years). Marital status was stratified as married (n=4088) versus unmarried (n=1963), which included those who were never married (n=451), divorced or separated (n=842), or widowed (n=670). The relationship between marital status and primary outcome of cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction was examined using Cox regression models adjusted for clinical characteristics. There were 1085 (18%) deaths from all causes, 688 (11%) cardiovascular‐related deaths, and 272 (4.5%) incident myocardial infarction events. Compared with married participants, being unmarried was associated with higher risk of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.24; 95% confidence interval [
CI
], 1.06–1.47), cardiovascular death (
HR
: 1.45; 95%
CI
, 1.18–1.78), and cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction (
HR
: 1.52; 95% CI, 1.27–1.83). Compared with married participants, the increase in cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction was similar for the participants who were divorced or separated (HR: 1.41; 95%
CI
, 1.10–1.81), widowed (HR: 1.71; 95%
CI
, 1.32–2.20), or never married (HR: 1.40; 95%
CI
, 0.97–2.03). The findings persisted after adjustment for medications and other socioeconomic factors.

Conclusions
Marital status is independently associated with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease, with higher mortality in the unmarried population. The mechanisms responsible for this increased risk require further study.
Development of an Algorithm to Distinguish Smoldering Versus Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma in Claims-Based Data Sets
Authors: Fiala Mark A. , Dukeman James , Tuchman Sascha A. , Keller Matt , Vij Ravi , Wildes Tanya M. 
Published: December 2017

Purpose The distinction of patients with symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM) from those with smoldering MM poses a challenge for researchers who use administrative databases. Historically, researchers either have included all patients or used treatment receipt as the distinguishing factor; both methods have drawbacks. We present an algorithm for distinguishing between symptomatic and smoldering MM using ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification) codes for the classic defining events of symptomatic MM commonly referred to as the CRAB criteria (hypercalcemia, renal impairment, anemia, and bone lesions). Patients and Methods SEER-Medicare–linked data from 4,187 patients with MM diagnosed between 2007 and 2011 were used for this analysis. Results Eighty-four percent had ICD-9-CM codes consistent with CRAB criteria, whereas only 57% received treatment. Overall survival of patients with symptomatic MM defined as receipt of treatment was 32.3 months versus 26.6 months for the overall population and 22.9 months for patients with symptomatic MM defined by CRAB criteria. Conceptually, removal of patients with smoldering MM should result in a reduction in overall survival; however, the cohort of patients who received treatment tended to be younger and healthier than the overall population, which could have skewed the results. Conclusion The algorithm we present resulted in a larger and more representative sample than classification by treatment status and reduced potential bias that could result from including all patients with smoldering MM in the analysis. Although this study was performed using the SEER-Medicare database, the methodology was broad enough that the algorithm could be extended to additional claims-based data sets with relative ease.
The use of dexmedetomidine and intravenous acetaminophen for the prevention of postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients over 60 years of age: a pilot study
Authors: Susheela Ammu T. , Packiasabapathy Senthil , Gasangwa Doris-Vanessa , Patxot Melissa , O’Neal Jason , Marcantonio Edward , Subramaniam Balachundhar 
Published: December 2017

Background: Delirium is associated with many negative health outcomes. Postoperative sedation and opioid administration may contribute to delirium. We hypothesize that the use of dexmedetomidine and Intravenous acetaminophen (IVA) may lead to reduced opioid consumption and decreased incidence of postoperative delirium. This pilot study aims to assess feasibility of using dexmedetomidine and IVA in cardiac surgical patients, and estimate the effect size for incidence and duration of delirium. Methods: A total of 12 adult patients >60 years of age undergoing cardiac surgery were recruited and randomized into 4 groups: Propofol only (P), Propofol with IVA (P+A), Dexmedetomidine only (D), Dexmedetomidine with IVA (D+A). Preoperative baseline cognition and postoperative delirium was assessed daily until discharge. The feasibility was assessed by the number of patients who completed the study. Results: All patients completed the study successfully. The total incidence of delirium in the study population was 42% (5/12): 67% (2/3) in the group P, and 67% (2/3) in the group D, 33% (1/3) in D+A group and 0%(0/3) P+A group. The incidence of delirium was 17% (1/6) in the group receiving IVA compared to 67% (4/6) that did not receive IVA. The mean range of duration of delirium was 0-1 days. One patient expired after surgery, unrelated to the study protocol. One patient in the D group experienced hypotension (systolic blood pressure <90 mm of Hg.) Conclusions: The feasibility of performing a project is ascertained by the study. Patients receiving IVA had lower incidence of delirium compared to patients not receiving IVA which suggests that IVA may have a role in reducing the incidence of delirium. A prospective randomized, placebo-controlled trial will be the next step in investigating the role of dexmedetomidine and IVA in reducing the incidence of delirium.
Ocular surface symptoms among individuals exposed to ambient levels of traffic derived air pollution – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Paudel Nabin , Adhikari Sanjeev , Manandhar Sarina , Acharya Ashesh , Thakur Ajit , Shrestha Bhairaja 
Published: December 2017

Background: The ocular surface is separated by a thin layer of tear film from outdoor air pollutants making individuals exposed to outdoor air pollution prone to various ocular surface disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of ocular surface disorders symptoms among traffic police officers of Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: Two hundred traffic police officers working at different traffic police office branches of Kathmandu, Nepal were invited to the police headquarters for eye and vision examination. Among them, 91 individuals (95% males) completed the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire and underwent Schirmer’s I tear test. Results: Symptoms of ocular surface disorders were reported by over 80% of the individuals. Approximately two fifths of the individuals (38%) reported severe symptoms. Only 17% of the individuals’ tear secretion was found to be below normal using the Schirmer’s tear test. There was no association between the OSDI score and Schirmer’s tear test scores (r = 0.008, p = 0.94). A weak but significant relationship was observed between the OSDI score and job duration (r=0.21,p = 0.04). Individual exposed to outdoor air pollution for more than 10 years had higher odds of reporting ocular surface complaints as compared to those who were exposed for less than 10 years (OR = 3.94, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Ocular surface disorder symptoms are common among traffic police officers of Kathmandu, Nepal. The duration of exposure appears to significantly contribute to the increased symptoms in this vulnerable population.