bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NDT of Cavity Defect in Metallic Plate Using dc Potential Drop Method
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Cai Wenlu , Chen Zhenmao 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
A zoning testing method is proposed for the nondestructive testing of cavity defects in metallic foam plates based on the principle of dc potential drop testing. The dc is injected from the two ending points of the diagonal line while the inspection signal is measured from the nodal potential of nodes at the midline of the target region. The proposed method is numerically validated in terms of its signal sensitivity to the size and the location of the defect as well as its signal interference–resistant capability to defects located in the surrounding regions. Furthermore, experimental validation is conducted, and the result shows that the proposed zoning testing method is suitable for the detection of cavity defects in practical cases.
Sensorimotor Functional and Structural Networks after Intracerebral Stem Cell Grafts in the Ischemic Mouse Brain
Authors: Green Claudia , Minassian Anuka , Vogel Stefanie , Diedenhofen Michael , Beyrau Andreas , Wiedermann Dirk , Hoehn Mathias 
Published: January 2018

Past investigations on stem cell-mediated recovery after stroke have limited their focus on the extent and morphological development of the ischemic lesion itself over time or on the integration capacity of the stem cell graftex vivo. However, an assessment of the long-term functional and structural improvementin vivois essential to reliably quantify the regenerative capacity of cell implantation after stroke. We induced ischemic stroke in nude mice and implanted human neural stem cells (H9 derived) into the ipsilateral cortex in the acute phase. Functional and structural connectivity changes of the sensorimotor network were noninvasively monitored using magnetic resonance imaging for 3 months after stem cell implantation. A sharp decrease of the functional sensorimotor network extended even to the contralateral hemisphere, persisting for the whole 12 weeks of observation. In mice with stem cell implantation, functional networks were stabilized early on, pointing to a paracrine effect as an early supportive mechanism of the graft. This stabilization required the persistent vitality of the stem cells, monitored by bioluminescence imaging. Thus, we also observed deterioration of the early network stabilization upon vitality loss of the graft after a few weeks. Structural connectivity analysis showed fiber-density increases between the cortex and white matter regions occurring predominantly on the ischemic hemisphere. These fiber-density changes were nearly the same for both study groups. This motivated us to hypothesize that the stem cells can influence, via early paracrine effect, the functional networks, while observed structural changes are mainly stimulated by the ischemic event.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn recent years, research on strokes has made a shift away from a focus on immediate ischemic effects and towards an emphasis on the long-range effects of the lesion on the whole brain. Outcome improvements in stem cell therapies also require the understanding of their influence on the whole-brain networks. Here, we have longitudinally and noninvasively monitored the structural and functional network alterations in the mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia. Structural changes of fiber-density increases are stimulated in the endogenous tissue without further modulation by the stem cells, while functional networks are stabilized by the stem cells via a paracrine effect. These results will help decipher the underlying networks of brain plasticity in response to cerebral lesions and offer clues to unravelling the mystery of how stem cells mediate regeneration.
Where are Romanian biomedical journals now and what does the future hold for them? A scientometric analysis
Authors: Dumitrascu Dan L. 
Published: January 2018

Background and aim. There is a competition between scientific journals in order to achieve leadership in their scientific field. There are several Romanian biomedical journals which are published in English and a smaller number in Romanian. We need a periodical analysis of their visibility and ranking according to scientometric measures.Methods. We searched all biomedical journals indexed on international data bases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar. We analyzed their evaluation factors.Results. Several journals from Romania in the biomedical field are indexed in international databases. Their scientometric indexes are not high. The best journal was acquired by an international publisher and is no longer listed for Romania.Conclusions. There are several Romanian biomedical journals indexed in international databases that deserve periodical analysis. There is a need to improve their ranking.
Frequency and risk factors of colonization of pregnant women with group B streptococci
Authors: Khvan Vladislav O. , Shipitsyna Elena V. , Zatsiorskaya Svetlana L. , Grinenko Galina V. , Shalepo Kira V. , Savicheva Alevtina M. 
Published: January 2018

Background. Group B streptococci (GBS) are opportunistic bacteria capable of causing severe infections in pregnant women and newborn infants. For effective prevention of obstetrical and perinatal GBS-associated pathology, investigation into epidemiology of GBS carriage and GBS-associated diseases, as well as elaboration of accurate and rapid methods for GBS detection are necessary.
Objectives. Validation of a molecular test for the detection of GBS and evaluation of frequency and risk factors of colonization of pregnant women with this microorganism.
Methods. For validation of PCR test for the detection of GBS DNA (AmpliSens Streptococcus agalactiae-screen-titer-FL, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow), 1496 clinical samples from 650 women and 112 newborn infants submitted for routine GBS culture were used. For evaluation of frequency and risk factors of GBS-colonization during pregnancy, clinical samples (urine, vaginal and rectal swab samples) from 496 women at their first prenatal visit before 12 weeks of gestation were used. GBS testing was performed using culture and the validated PCR test. For evaluation of risk factors, binomial logistic regression was used.
Results. PCR method for GBS DNA detection showed high analytical sensitivity (3 ∙ 102 copies/ml) and specificity (no cross-reactions with other microorganisms). Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the test (81 and 97.6%, respectively) were comparable with those of culture (77.6 and 100%, respectively). GBS was detected in 16.3% of pregnant women. Testing of rectal samples in addition to vaginal samples enabled to detect 66.7% more cases of GBS carriage. Women aged 18 to 22 years had a higher risk of GBS colonization during pregnancy than older women (23 to 32 years). At the same time, women who had their sexual debut at an older age (after 18) were significantly more often colonized during pregnancy than women started their sex life at a younger age (before 18).
Conclusion. PCR method for GBS detection has high sensitivity and specificity and can be used as an alternative to culture. Simultaneous testing of vaginal and rectal samples increases the sensitivity of revealing colonized women by two thirds in comparison with testing vaginal samples only. Younger age and later sexual debut are independent risk factors for GBS colonization during pregnancy.
Epidemiology of Chronic Hepatitis C Infections at a Tertiary Care Centre in Oman
Authors: Al-Busafi Said A. , Al-Shuaili Halima , Omar Heba , Al-Zuhaibi Haifa , Jeyaseelan L. , Al-Naamani Khalid 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. However, there is a lack of data regarding the epidemiology of CHC in Oman. This study aimed to describe the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of CHC-infected patients at a tertiary care hospital in Oman. Methods: This retrospective descriptive hospital-based study included all CHC-infected patients who presented to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in Muscat, Oman, between January 2010 and December 2015. The baseline demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data of the patients were analysed. Results: A total of 603 CHC-infected patients were identified during the study period; of these, 65.8% were male and the mean age was 44.8 ± 16.5 years. The main risk factors associated with CHC infection were intravenous drug abuse (23.9%) and a history of blood transfusions (20.7%). The most prevalent virus genotypes were 1 and 3 (44.0% and 35.1%, respectively). Upon initial presentation, 33.0% of the cohort had liver cirrhosis; of these, 48.7% had decompensated cirrhosis and 23.1% had HCCs. Liver transplantation was only performed for 7.5% of the cirrhosis patients, mostly as a curative treatment for HCC. Conclusion: The implementation of national policies to prevent hepatitis C transmission and encourage the early screening of at-risk patients is recommended to reduce the burden and consequences of this disease in Oman.
Distribution of Trauma Care Facilities in Oman in Relation to High-Incidence Road Traffic Injury Sites: Pilot study
Authors: Al-Kindi Sara M. , Naiem Ahmed A. , Taqi Kadhim M. , Al-Gheiti Najla M. , Al-Toobi Ikhtiyar S. , Al-Busaidi Nasra Q. , Al-Harthy Ahmed Z. , Taqi Alaa M. , Ba-Alawi Sharif A. , Al-Qadhi Hani A. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are considered a major public health problem worldwide. In Oman, high numbers of RTIs and RTI-related deaths are frequently registered. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of trauma care facilities in Oman with regards to their proximity to RTI-prevalent areas. Methods: This descriptive pilot study analysed RTI data recorded in the national Royal Oman Police registry from January to December 2014. The distribution of trauma care facilities was analysed by calculating distances between areas of peak RTI incidence and the closest trauma centre using Google Earth and Google Maps software (Google Inc., Googleplex, Mountain View, California, USA). Results: A total of 32 trauma care facilities were identified. Four facilities (12.5%) were categorised as class V trauma centres. Of the facilities in Muscat, 42.9% were ranked as class IV or V. There were no class IV or V facilities in Musandam, Al-Wusta or Al-Buraimi. General surgery, orthopaedic surgery and neurosurgery services were available in 68.8%, 59.3% and 12.5% of the centres, respectively. Emergency services were available in 75.0% of the facilities. Intensive care units were available in 11 facilities, with four located in Muscat. The mean distance between a RTI hotspot and the nearest trauma care facility was 34.7 km; however, the mean distance to the nearest class IV or V facility was 83.3 km. Conclusion: The distribution and quality of trauma care facilities in Oman needs modification. It is recommended that certain centres upgrade their levels of trauma care in order to reduce RTI-associated morbidity and mortality in Oman.
Wewenang Pemerintah dalam Pembubaran Organisasi Masyarakat
Authors: Damaitu Emanuel Raja , Wada Igam Arya 
Published: January 2018

Civil Society Organization (CSO) is an organization founded and formed by the community voluntarily based on the similarity of aspirations, wills, needs, interests and objectives to participate in development in order to achieve the objectives of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). But many established organizations are not based on the common vision and mission required by the government. The emergence of a number of radical organizations that perform anarchist actions make people feel uneasy about the actions of mass organizations that commit acts of violence by using the pretext of religion as a justification reason. The Government in this case has considerable authority in Law No. 17 of 2013 on Civil Society Organizations where the ultimate estuary is the revocation of registered certificate which affects the dissolution of problematic community organizations. With the authority granted to the government, it is suggested that the government should be able to crack down on mass organizations which generate problematic causes and break public orders.
Keywords: Government Power, Dissolution Of Civil Society Organization, Right to Association
ANALISIS KETAHANAN KOROSI PIPA A53 PADA LINGUNGAN OIL SLUDGE DENGAN METODE C-RING
Authors: Apriansyah Rony Agista , Sumarji Sumarji , Jatisukamto Gaguk 
Published: January 2018

Corrosion is the degradation of the material surface due to reaction with the environment. Steel pipe is one of the materials vulnerable to corrosion because the piping system is always in contact with the outside environment. This research have a purpose to know influence of cold working about corrosion resistance pipe A53 on oil sludge salt water and oil sludge pond environment with c-ring method. Oil sludge is sediment of crude oil thats contain water, sediment, and oil thats can be processed again. The cold working process is carried out by providing bending loads of 114 kg, 140 kg, and 160 kg, and one material without bending. Process of corrosion testing uses weight loss method by weighing the material before it is corroded and after corrosion. Result of test showed that there was an increase of hardness on the material with bending load of 114 kg, 140 kg, and 160 kg respectively of 103.33 BHN, 134.00 BHN, and 187.66 BHN, while the material without bending had a hardness of 93.33 BHN. Corrosion rate on material without bending with oil sludge salt water is 2,12 x 10-2 mmpy while in oil sludge pond equal to 1,67 x 10-2 mmpy. Materials with bending loads of 114 kg, 140 kg, and 160 kg have a corrosion rate of 2.35 x 10-2 mmpy, 2.88 x 10- 2 mmpy, and 4.18 x 10-2 mmpy on oil sludge salt water, and 1.19 x10-2 mmpy, 2.15 x 10-2 mmpy, and 3.09 x 10-2 mmpy on oil sludge pond. Oil sludge of salt water is more reactive than oil sludge pond because it contains sea water composed of NaCl compounds which is a corrosive environment .The given bending load results in strain hardening followed by increased energy on the material so that the corrosion rate increases. Cold treatment provided resulted in cracks on the surface of the material so that the corrosion was localized to the crack and formed pitting.
Keywords : A53, Oil Sludge, Strain Hardening, Weight Loss
Comunicação na sala de aula: a perspetiva do ensino exploratório da matemática
Authors: Guerrero António , Ferreira Rosa Antónia Tomás , Menezes Luíz , Martinho Maria Helena 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo procura responder ao desafio de pensar a comunicação que tem lugar na aula de Matemática. Contrariamos a visão simplista da comunicação como instrumento de transferência de conhecimento (do professor para os alunos) para assumirmos a comunicação como processo de interação, no qual o conhecimento matemático é socialmente construído. Esta visão da comunicação na aula de Matemática representa uma aproximação aos processos de produção e comunicação de conhecimento matemático que têm lugar no campo científico e no agir diário das comunidades humanas (quando lidam com ideias matemáticas). Para que isso ocorra, são exigidas mudanças no ensino, particularmente no papel do professor e no dos alunos. O ensino exploratório da Matemática é apresentado como um meio privilegiado do professor, apoiado num conjunto de ações comunicativas fundamentais, criar ambientes de aprendizagem produtivos, que, envolvendo o trabalho com tarefas matemáticas desafiantes, a sua resolução e discussão, culminam na institucionalização de conhecimento matemático.
Percepcja relacji rodzinnych a depresyjność młodzieży z rodzin o różnym typie
Authors: Radoń Ewa , Samochowiec Agnieszka 
Published: January 2018

Wstęp: Celem pracy było określenie związku pomiędzy percepcją relacji rodzinnych a nasileniem depresyjności u młodzieży w okresie późnej adolescencji z uwzględnieniem typu rodziny, wktórej się wychowują.Materiały i metody: W badaniu uczestniczyło 120 uczniów szkół ponadgimnazjalnych w wieku 17–20 lat, pochodzących z rodzin pełnych oraz niepełnych. Wykorzystane narzędzia badawcze obejmowały ankietę socjodemograficzną, kwestionariusz relacji rodzinnych autorstwa Plopy oraz skalę depresji Becka.Wyniki: Przeprowadzone analizy statystyczne potwierdziły istnienie różnic pomiędzy młodzieżą z rodzin pełnych a młodzieżą z rodzin niepełnych w zakresie percepcji wybranych relacji rodzinnych (komunikacji, spójności, autonomii i tożsamości) oraz nasilenia depresyjności. Potwierdzono również istnienie ujemnych związków pomiędzy tymi zmiennymi wśród młodzieży z obu typu rodzin, za wyjątkiem wymiaru tożsamości w grupie adolescentów z rodzin niepełnych.Wnioski: Percepcja relacji rodzinnych jest korzystniejsza u adolescentów z rodzin pełnych, którzy są mniej depresyjni niż ich rówieśnicy z rodzin niepełnych. W obu grupach niskiej jakości komunikacji, spójności i autonomii rodzinnej towarzyszy większe nasilenie objawów depresyjnych. Wnioski te pozostają spójne z koncepcją uznającą właściwości środowiska rodzinnego zaznaczący czynnik ochronny lub sprzyjający powstawaniu depresji młodzieńczej oraz mogą znaleźć zastosowanie praktyczne podczas konstruowania programów profilaktycznych ipsychoedukacyjnych skoncentrowanych na propagowaniu prawidłowych relacji w systemie rodzinnym, szczególnie o typie niepełnym.
A Review Paper on the Application of Deconvolution Technique in Well Test Analysis: Tal Block Pakistan Case Study
Authors: Tauqeer Muhammad , Arshad Safwan , Ahmed Zaheer , Ahmed Jawad 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Deconvolution technique-which is based on nonlinear total least square (TLS) -is a mathematical tool that extracts the drawdown type curve from the rate and pressure history. This technique provides additional flow regime information that would not normally be seen within the specified time period of the buildup test through conventional analysis. It is an inverse process which aims to rebuild the theoretical reservoir pressure response during a single constant rate production period.
This technique was adopted at different Tal Block wells in which conventional well test analysis didn't sight multiple no-flow boundaries due to small radius of investigation. A case is presented in this paper in which deconvolution was applied on a well, where reservoir pressure depletion effects were not matching during the test sequence with conventional analysis and the effect of negative superposition masked the boundary dominated flow, both of these issues were resolved using deconvolution technique. This technique have resulted in additional data/info of tested intervals which helped to resolve certain structural and reservoir uncertainties. However, application of this technique and yielded results should be considered/used keeping in view the assumptions involved in deconvolution, areas of its applicability and quality of data available.
This paper presents principle, working, applications, limitations, and observations of deconvolution technique, available methods and a case study.
Production & Reserves Allocation Using a Molar Equation in Gas Condensate Fractured Reservoir Without PSP Survey
Authors: Shahid Muhammad Hasan , Akhtar Muhammad Saeed , Shakeel Mariam 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The Ratana Field is a gas condensate field located in the Potwar Basin of Pakistan, discovered in 1990. The field comprises several stacked reservoirs in a thrusted anticlinal fold with two main reservoir compartments, an eastern and a western, which are separated by the main thrusts, but appear to be in pressure continuity through a fracture network. Ratana-2 was the first well drilled in the western compartment which came on production from the Paleocene Patala Formation limestone reservoir and is a major producer in the field. Ratana-2 was subsequently deepened to the Jurassic Datta Formation but because of a stuck drill string in the hole all penetrated reservoirs (Chorgali/Sakesar, Patala, Lockhart and Datta) have been open to flow since November 2009. Well interventions are not therefore possible in Ratana-2 and production and reserves allocation based on limited dynamic data are thus very challenging. Surface-based parameters including water and gas composition analysis, wellhead shut-in pressures, surface production rates and other relevant data were used to perform production and reserves allocation by using a molar equation. The results of the molar equation predictions were cross-checked with the data from nearby well Ratana-4 which is also producing commingled from Paleocene and Jurassic age reservoirs since November 2015. Production logging surveys were acquired twice in over a period of six months and were consistent with the molar equation-derived formation-wise production allocation. Subsequently, the molar equation was used on the available surface data of Ratana-2 for the formation-wise production and reserves allocation and indicates for the first time that the Lockhart Formation as is a contributing reservoir in the Ratana Field and enabling the Lockhart Formation reserves to be booked after seven years of production.
Remedial of Salt Scale Problem in Gas Wells Through Salt Sticks
Authors: Uddin M. Farooq , Khan Zaeem Hasan , Tayyab Imran , Azam Q. S. , Ahmed Noor 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Salt precipitation and accumulation in the wellbore is a common phenomenon witnessed in the twilight of gas wells; gas expansion, water evaporation, abrupt changes in pressure and temperature etc. are the main driving forces for its occurrence. Low reservoir pressures helps in water vaporization when quantity of water in gas phase is not high. Reduction in pressure thus causes water vaporization and hence salt accumulation.
The salt precipitation results in obstruction of gas flow in purlieu of wellbore, if the problem is not rectified timely it might cease the wellbore completely resulting in complete loss of production. To restore production frequent wellbore cleanout jobs are required, these cleanout jobs are usually carried out through coiled tubing unit and different liquids are utilize ranging from fresh water, nitrified brine, organic acids etc. These all treatments are expensive and effect well economics.
Few wells in United Energy Pakistan Limited (UEP) were facing salt precipitation problem and not flowing up to their potential rates, regular wellbore clean out jobs carried out but their impressions were not long lasting and salt again accumulated.
In this paper, removal of salt deposition through regular deployment salt sticks on two wells K-1 and T-1 are discussed. In these wells salt sticks are used at different frequencies to overcome salt deposition. Post job results showed improvement in gas rates, gauge cutter runs also confirmed salt deposition is minimized and production is stabilized.
El Sistema Tutelar y El Sistema Garantista paradigmas en el derecho penal especializado para niños, niñas y adolescentes en conflicto con la Ley Penal
Authors: López Téllez Denitza 
Published: January 2018

La promulgación de la Convención General de los Derechos del Niño en 1989 es sin duda un documento de suma importancia, que marcó un nuevo paradigma del tratamiento de los menores en un Derecho Penal especializado.
Los niños que han cometido una conducta considerada como delito han atravesado por un largo camino en el sistema de justicia penal. Al principio se les veía como objeto de protección y bajo un derecho penal con influencia de la escuela positiva, posteriormente bajo un nuevo paradigma el tratamiento de éste se centra como persona con derechos humanos y garantías individuales, el camino no ha sido fácil, pues ha recorrido diversas transformaciones legales en materia internacional y en nuestra carta Magna, finalmente se encuentran documentos positivizados y vigentes en México, pero nos deja una brecha por recorrer a efecto de que sean derechos vislumbrados en la realidad.