bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of liquid extender, preservation temperature and time on the sheep sperm quality
Authors: Díaz‐Hernández E. , Bóveda P. , Picazo C. M. , Laborda‐Gomariz J. A. , Serralle M. , Ramón M. , Gallego R. , Montoro V. , García‐Álvarez O. , Fernández‐Santos R. , Garde J. J. , Soler A. J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated sheep sperm quality after using Tris‐citrate‐fructose‐based extender with and without egg yolk, a Tris‐citrate without fructose and with egg yolk and the commercial extender Biladyl®, preserving diluted semen at 15 and 23°C for different times (4, 24, 48 and 72 h). The results showed that the diluents with fructose and egg yolk gave the best results of seminal quality. Moreover, the production of ROS was higher for the temperature of 23°C compared to the temperature of 15°C (control). In addition, VCL and the percentage of spermatozoa with intact acrosome decreased with temperatures of 23°C. Finally, a drastic decrease in sperm quality was observed after 24 hours of preservation for most of the parameters evaluated.
The all‐day pollinator visits of sunflower inflorescences in Helianthus annuus plantations are independent of head orientation: Testing a widespread hypothesis
Authors: Horváth Gábor , Dárdai Bence , Bíró Máté , Slíz‐Balogh Judit , Száz Dénes , Barta András , Egri Ádám 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARYMature inflorescences of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) orient constantly on average to the geographical east. According to one of the explanations of this phenomenon, the eastward orientation of sunflower inflorescences increases the number of attracted insect pollinators. We tested this hypothesis in three field experiments performed in flowering sunflower plantations. In experiments 1 and 2 we measured the number of insects trapped by the vertical walls of sticky sunflower models facing north, east, south, and west. In experiment 3 we counted the pollinators' landings on real sunflower inflorescences facing naturally east or turned artificially toward north, south, and west. We found that the all‐day number of pollinators (predominantly bees) attracted to model and real sunflowers in H. annuus plantations is independent of the azimuth direction of sunflower heads, and after 10 h in the morning, the average number of pollinators counted every 20 min is practically constant in the rest of the day.
RNA sequencing and functional analysis uncover key long non‐coding RNAs involved in regulating pollen fertility during the process of gametocidal action in wheat
Authors: Zhang Wenrui , Wang Dan , Yin Zhonghuan , Tang Lu , Pan Xiaoyang , Guo Changhong 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARYGametocidal (Gc) chromosomes have been widely utilized in genetic breeding due to their ability to induce chromosomal breakage and eliminate gametes that lack them. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have various functional mechanisms in regulating pollen and anther development; however, their regulatory contributions to Gc action are still unknown. Here, we identified 2824 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE‐lncRNAs) from the anther tissues of Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS) and Chinese Spring‐Gc 3C chromosome monosomic addition line (CS‐3C) through sequencing. In this study, we predicted 161 target mRNAs for 145 DE‐lncRNAs, including 104 cis‐regulatory, 60 trans‐regulatory, and three both cis‐regulatory and trans‐regulatory manner. Combined with our previous miRNA sequencing data, 241 DE‐lncRNAs functioned as potential endogenous target mimics (eTMs) for 84 differentially expressed microRNAs (DE‐miRNAs, including 12 novel miRNAs). The results of transient transformation in tobacco leaves indicated that L006278 could bind to MTCONS_00006277, which encoded a calcineurin CBL‐interacting protein kinase 19‐like, and suppress its expression. Furthermore, L117735 could function as an eTM for tae‐miR9657b‐3p, and L056972 could function as an eTM for gc‐m2240‐5p. To explore the function of lncRNAs in the process of Gc action, we transformed L006278, an up‐regulated lncRNA in CS‐3C, into rice to analyze its effect on pollen fertility. Overexpression of L006278 led to a reduction in rice pollen fertility. Overall, our findings indicate that lncRNAs can contribute to the regulation of pollen fertility during the process of Gc action by regulating the expression levels of target mRNAs and acting as eTMs for certain key miRNAs.
Dynamic Control of Cardboard-Blank Picking by Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Angelini Michele , Mancini Riccardo , Baraccani Davide , Rea Dario , Carricato Marco 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Standard packaging lines with high output rates often struggle when dealing with uncertainties in the conditions of the handled materials. This paper focuses on a piece of machinery in an automatic packaging line, namely, an automated apparatus that extracts cardboard blanks from a buffer and transfers them to the next section through suction cups. In this context, the success of the operation depends on various controllable parameters, disturbances, and time-dependent variables, whose mutual relationships are not easily identifiable and whose understanding has so far been entrusted to the experiential knowledge of human operators. Currently, drops in picking success rates require the machine to be stopped and operators to intervene on-site, making use of their expertise to identify the issue and recalibrate the machine. To address the problem, this paper presents an artificial-intelligence-enabled controller, capable of continuously and autonomously recalibrating the apparatus and compensating for disturbances, in order to avoid missed or incorrectly picked cardboard blanks. In particular, this work exploits experimental data to build a model of the system, on which a reinforcement-learning algorithm is trained. The controller is tasked with regulating the controllable parameters while monitoring process variables. The developed agent is tested on the real apparatus to assess its performance.
Novel diagnostic method for B cell vitreoretinal lymphoma by identification of regulatory T cells and PD-1+cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the vitreous via flow cytometry
Authors: Deguchi Hideto , Nagata Kenji , Inaba Tohru , Aoki Takanori , Kitano Hikaru , Sotozono Chie 
Published: October 2024

AimsTo investigate the significance of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)+cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in the vitreous of patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) and uveitis.MethodsThis study involved 51 patients with VRL and uveitis, 15 males and 36 females (mean age: 72 years, range: 51–86 years), who underwent vitrectomy at the Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, from December 2019 to February 2024. All patients underwent lymphocyte surface antigen analysis via flow cytometry, and the proportion of Tregs in CD4+T lymphocytes and PD-1+CTLs in CD8+T lymphocytes was measured.ResultsThis study involved B cell VRL (B-VRL, n=16), sarcoidosis (n=8), human herpesvirus (HHV)-associated uveitis (n=7), human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 associated uveitis (HAU, n=3) and unclassifiable uveitis (n=17) cases. The median proportions of Tregs were significantly lower in B-VRL (2.2%) compared with sarcoidosis (8.5%), HHV-associated uveitis (16.4%) and unclassifiable uveitis (10.1%) (p<0.05). Conversely, a significantly higher proportion of PD-1+CTLs was found in B-VRL (95.6%) compared with sarcoidosis (61.1%), HHV-associated uveitis (67.1%) and unclassifiable (64.8%) (p<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis of Tregs and PD-1+CTLs proportions in B-VRL revealed high area under the curve values of 0.913 and 0.940, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that analysis of the ratio of Tregs and PD-1+CTLs via flow cytometry is helpful in diagnosing B-VRL.
Experiences of family caregivers and nursing home staff interactions during the adaptation process of elderly individuals moving to nursing home: a qualitative study
Authors: Zhao Di , Shao Hongyan , Wang Peng , Xie Luping , Chen Zhenghua 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the interaction between family members and nursing home staff during the adjustment period of newly admitted elderly individuals in a nursing home.DesignA qualitative descriptive study based on semistructured interviews; data were analysed using a thematic topic analysis approach.SettingInterviews were conducted face-to-face.ParticipantsAn interview was undertaken with 15 nursing home staff and 12 family members of recently admitted elderly individuals in three nursing facilities from November 2022 to January 2023 in a major Chinese urban centre.ResultsThis study identified 5 main themes and 10 subthemes. The 5 themes identified are: Information transmission and sharing, pleasant interaction atmosphere, interaction dilemmas and challenges, inadequate organisational management and the necessity and anticipation of interaction.ConclusionDuring the process of older persons transitioning to institutional care, we discovered issues and unresolved requirements in the interactions between family members and nursing home staff. In summary, there is a need to enhance the development of an interactive environment that supports the institutionalisation of older persons. The findings derived from this study are valuable for developing interactive programmes.Trial registration numberChiCTR2100045590, date: 19 April 2021.
Targeted inhibition of the IL5 axis for immune checkpoint inhibitors eosinophilic-induced adverse events
Authors: Rubin Limor , Talmon Aviv , Ribak Yaarit , Lavie David , Nechushtan Hovav , Caplan Nadia , Lotem Michal , Shamriz Oded , Adini Irit , Tal Yuval 
Published: October 2024

Given the broad implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for cancer therapy, we encounter a variety of immune-related adverse events (irAE) including immune-related blood eosinophilia. Eosinophilia demonstrated a potential positive predictive marker for a beneficial clinical response to ICI. However, there are reports of eosinophil-induced adverse events (Eo-irAE) with organ dysfunction requiring initiation of oral glucocorticoid therapy and discontinuation of ICI.We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of interleukin (IL) 5-axis inhibition in Eo-irAE secondary to ICI therapy.We present three cases of Eo-irAE referred to our allergy and clinical immunology unit at Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center following therapy with pembrolizumab and nivolumab, monoclonal antibodies that target the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor, for two cases of melanoma and one metastatic non-small cell lung carcinoma. Following informed consent and committee approval, two patients were treated with 1–3 doses of mepolizumab, 100 mg, monoclonal IgG1 kappa anti-IL-5 antibody, and one patient received up-to-date 9 doses of benralizumab, 30 mg, monoclonal IgG1 kappa antibody directed against the alpha chain of the interleukin-5 receptor, both administered subcutaneously. Patients were carefully followed and treatment response was assessed by physical examinations and laboratory tests.Hypereosinophilia at the level of 2300–8000 K/UL was observed 8–12 months following therapy accompanied by symptoms of dyspnea, arthralgia, myalgia, fasciitis, ‘morphea’-like lesions, fatigue, abdominal discomfort, pruritus, and chest pain. ICI discontinuation did not improve symptoms, two patients were resistant to glucocorticoids and therefore biological treatment was initiated to inhibit the IL5 axis. Patients demonstrated rapid clinical response and a decrease in peripheral blood eosinophil levels with long-term symptoms remission. There were no signals of negative impacts, such as tumor progression following IL5 axis inhibition.Eosinophilia secondary to ICI therapy can lead to organ dysfunction. Discontinuation of ICI might not be effective and symptoms may be refractory to steroid therapy hence targeted inhibition of the IL5 axis should be considered.
Analyzing Cardiovascular Disease Research in the Arab Region: A Bibliometric Review From 2012 to 2022
Authors: Bani Hani Amjad , Tarazi Alaa , Hamadneh Yazan , Al-Samahan Ahmad , Awad Rami , Kan’an Mohammad , Al-Kasaji Mohammad , Younes Nidal A. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries, many of which are in the Arab region. We aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis to assess the scientific output concerning CVDs in the Arab region and the Middle East over the past decade.Methods: A bibliometric search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus between 2012 and 2022. The study analyzed the number of publications, countries, institutional sources, authors, journals, and keywords. Visualization analysis was executed using various software tools, including R, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace.Results: PubMed and Scopus yielded 5340 documents related to CVDs at the time of data collection. A total of 1263 documents were retrieved after screening based on specific inclusion criteria that guarantee the inclusion only for Arab region studies and authors. There has been a consistent increase in annual publications in recent years. The countries that contributed the most to research in this field were Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE. Although Egypt stood out as the most productive country, the institute with the highest number of documents was in Qatar. In addition, the Top 3 authors hailed from Qatar. Saudi Medical Journal leads the field as the most productive journal, followed closely by PLoS One and Angiology. Research topics of significant interest in the realm of CVDs include specific diseases such as heart failure, risk factors related to CVDs, genetic aspects of CVDs, and congenital disorders in infant’s cardiac health.Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of CVD research in the Arab region. It includes research hotspots that can guide authors in determining the necessary future investigations within this field. There is a clear call for further exploration of various aspects of CVDs in the Arab world. Strengthening cooperation between countries and institutes is needed.
Empagliflozin Use Is Associated With Lower Risk of All‐Cause Mortality, Hospitalization for Heart Failure, and End‐Stage Renal Disease Compared to DPP‐4i in Nordic Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Results From the EMPRISE (Empagliflozin Comparative Effectiveness and Safety) Study
Authors: Langslet Gisle , Nyström Thomas , Vistisen Dorte , Carstensen Bendix , Grip Emilie Toresson , Casajust Paula , Tskhvarashvili Giorgi , Hoti Fabian , Klement Riho , Karlsdotter Kristina , Tuovinen Mikko , Ofstad Anne Pernille , Lajer Maria , Shay Christina , Koeneman Lisette , Farsani Soulmaz Fazeli , Niskanen Leo , Halvorsen Sigrun 
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of empagliflozin in reducing all‐cause mortality (ACM), hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, cardiovascular mortality (CVM), and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) in routine clinical practice in the Nordic countries of the Empagliflozin Comparative Effectiveness and Safety (EMPRISE) study.Methods: This noninterventional, multicountry cohort study used secondary data from four Nordic countries (Denmark, Sweden, Finland, and Norway). Propensity score (PS) matched (1:1) adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) initiating empagliflozin (a sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor) during 2014–2018 who were compared to those initiating a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor (DPP‐4i). Cox proportional hazards regression modelling was used to assess the risk for ACM, HHF, MI, stroke, CVM, and ESRD. Meta‐analyses were conducted and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from random‐effects models were calculated.Results: A total of 43,695 pairs of PS‐matched patients were identified. Patients initiating empagliflozin exhibited a 49% significantly lower risk of ACM (HR: 0.51, 95% CI 0.40–0.64) compared to DPP‐4i. Additionally, empagliflozin was associated with a 36% significantly lower risk of HHF (HR: 0.64, 95% CI 0.46–0.89), a 52% significantly lower risk of CVM (HR: 0.48, 95% CI 0.37–0.63), and a 66% significantly lower risk of ESRD (HR: 0.34, 95% CI 0.15–0.77) compared to DPP‐4i. No significant differences were observed in the risk of stroke and MI between patients initiating empagliflozin compared with those initiating a DPP‐4i. Results were generally consistent for subgroups (with/without pre‐existing CV disease or congestive heart failure) and in sensitivity analyses.Conclusion: Empagliflozin initiation was associated with a significantly reduced risk of ACM, HHF, CVM, and ESRD compared with initiation of DPP‐4i in patients with T2D when examining routine clinical practice data from Nordic countries.
Decompression, an Unusual Treatment Option for Multicystic Ameloblastoma: Concepts and Controversies
Authors: Quisiguiña-Salem Cinthya María , Alonso-Moctezuma Alejandro , Martínez Carla Monserrat , Salgado-Chavarría Fabiola , Legorreta-Villegas Itzel , Jerez-Robalino James 
Published: October 2024

Background: The most common odontogenic tumor is the solid ameloblastoma. This is concerning due to the progressive bone destruction in its intraosseous variant; this type of pathology often gets a delayed diagnosis due to the asymptomatic characteristic it has.Objective: The aim of the article is to propose a conservative treatment for multicystic ameloblastoma, reviewing the latest concepts, controversies, and treatment options described in the literature.Case Report: A patient arrives to our department with a diagnosis of unicystic ameloblastoma, so decompression and subsequent enucleation were decided as treatment. However, the new histopathological result was a multicystic ameloblastoma; with this result, we decided to continue with the initial treatment, which in fact had an adequate response. A 5‐month radiographic follow‐up was performed in which a decrease in size was evident and enucleation was decided. The postoperative results were favorable after a 2.5‐year follow‐up.Conclusion: The solid ameloblastoma may have a cystic component, in which there is the possibility of diagnostic errors when studying an incisional biopsy; for this reason, the definitive diagnosis should be established until complete enucleation of the lesion is performed. This characteristic in a solid ameloblastoma makes possible a positive response to decompression, making it easier to perform the enucleation subsequently, avoiding other aggressive treatments that can dramatically affect the patient’s quality of life and also avoiding costly reconstruction bills.
Abstract P200: Immune memory contributes to chronic hypertension recurrence
Authors: Deck Katherine , Liu Yunmeng , Mora Christoph , Guo Yunping , Rafferty Tonya , Benson Lance , Mu Shengyu 
Published: October 2024

Keeping blood pressure under control is a challenge in hypertension treatment because high blood pressure quickly returns with a momentary lapse in treatment or a high-salt diet. We have previously reported the CD8+ T cells (CD8Ts) in the kidney can drive aberrant sodium handling to aggravate blood pressure. Recently, our new findings suggest that these CD8Ts remain long-term within the kidney.
Here, we propose these CD8Ts have developed into a resident memory (Trm) population with the aid of TGFβ signaling, and this residency continually aggravates and leads to the recurrence of hypertension
.

To explore this hypothesis, we utilized two mouse models of hypertension, including a classic DOCA-salt model and a novel Angiotensin II (Ang II) induced salt memory model, with continuous blood pressure monitored by radiotelemetry. In the Ang II-induced salt memory model, the mice were administered Ang II and high salt for a week before a resting period to restore normal blood pressure. Thereafter, the mice were given a second high salt challenge to model the high salt-driven recurrence of hypertension. Mouse strains include both wild-type (WT) and a T-cell specific TGFβRII KO (Tsp-TGFβR KO), which has T cells unable to develop into Trm due to the reliance of Trm on TGFβ signaling. T cells were analyzed with flow cytometry.
In the DOCA-salt model, WT mice developed a significant CD8Trm population within the kidney. In contrast, TSP-TGFβR KO mice, which lack the ability to develop Trm, had an attenuated development of hypertension with DOCA-salt treatment. Testing the capability for hypertension to recur, both WT and Tsp-TGFβR KO mice experienced a similar degree of hypertension with Ang II-salt treatment. However, only the WT had a significant expansion of Trm and demonstrated the clinical manifestation of recurring hypertension with the rapid increase of blood pressure with a high salt challenge. Isolating the T cells from the kidneys confirmed that the significant CD8Trm population development in the WT was not present in the Tsp-TGFβR KO.
In summary, our findings suggest that the memory T cell population developed in the kidney during hypertension instills a perpetual memory for salt sensitivity in hypertension. Without the ability to develop this memory population, mice are protected against this recurrence of high-salt-induced hypertension.
Abstract P314: A Community Outreach Program Focused on Hypertension Awareness Reaches 600+ People in Rural Georgia and Works to Build the Next Generation of Biomedical Scientists
Authors: Dent Elena , Ilatovskaya Daria , Pinkerton Brittany , Crider Emily , Ryan Michael , Sullivan Jennifer 
Published: October 2024

The U.S. national average for the prevalence of hypertension in women aged 35-44 is 10.8%. In southeastern states including Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina, the prevalence of hypertension in women of this same age group is 13.5%, 17.8%, and 15.5%, respectively. The increase is mostly observed in Black women from non-metro areas. Thus, a need exists to improve awareness of cardiovascular risk in these communities and to support scientific research to improve the understanding of how sex contributes to differences in cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension.
Rural Obese At Risk (ROAR) establishes a Specialized Center of Research Excellence on Sex Differences (SCORE) homed at Augusta University, spanning three Southeast universities. The overall goal is to establish ROAR as a national resource and recognized leader in cardiovascular disease in females, and to change perceptions and awareness surrounding cardiovascular risk in women across the Southeast, particularly in high-risk groups.

One objective of ROAR Augusta is to establish a community outreach pipeline of trained scientists to increase awareness of sex as a biological variable (SABV), promote optimal cardiovascular healthcare for men and women, and empower the community to self-monitor and identify barriers to improving access to healthcare through the Community Engagement Core (CEC). The CEC aims to develop meaningful relationships among the research, medical, and lay communities promoting the increase of awareness of the importance of blood pressure control in women through community outreach, a Qualitative Needs Assessment, design and dissemination of unique illustrative educational materials related to cardiovascular disease in women, and the launch of a
Blood Pressure Checks for Women
campaign. In six months (December 2023 – May 2024), ROAR participated in 10 community events providing blood pressure checks and educational materials and reaching more than 600 people in 6 counties; awarded one pre-doctoral career enhancement mini-sabbatical; awarded three early career SABV pilot grants; hosted a SABV symposium reaching 120 biomedical scientists; and hosted a SABV seminar and workshop reaching 142 biomedical scientists. In conclusion, the ROAR CEC is well on its way to positively impacting hypertension perceptions and awareness in women across the Southeast.