bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EcOH:In silicoserotyping ofE. colifrom short read data
Authors: Ingle Danielle J. , Valcanis Mary , Kuzevski Alex , Tauschek Marija , Inouye Michael , Stinear Tim , Levine Myron M. , Robins-Browne Roy M. , Holt Kathryn E. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe lipopolysaccharide (O) and flagellar (H) surface antigens ofEscherichia coliare targets for serotyping that have traditionally been used to identify pathogenic lineages ofE. coli. As serotyping has several limitations, public health reference laboratories are increasingly moving towards whole genome sequencing (WGS) for the rapid characterisation of bacterial isolates. Here we present a method to rapidly and accurately serotypeE. coliisolates from raw, short read sequence data, leveraging the known genetic basis for the biosynthesis of O- and H-antigens. Our approach bypasses the need forde novogenome assembly by directly screening WGS reads against a curated database of alleles linked to knownE. coliO-groups and H-types (the EcOH database) using the software package SRST2. We validated our approach by comparingin silicoresults with those obtained via serological phenotyping of 197 enteropathogenic (EPEC) isolates. We also demonstrated the utility of our method to characterise enterotoxigenicE. coli(ETEC) and the uropathogenicE. coli(UPEC) epidemic clone ST131, and forin silicoserotyping of foodborne outbreak-related isolates in the public GenomeTrakr database.
Understanding HIV risk behaviors in prison: a qualitative study among recently released inmates
Authors: Abiona Titilayo , Balogun Joseph , Adefuye Adedeji , Anguh Ivonne 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore HIV risk behaviors of inmates during incarceration and gain an in-depth understanding of the context within which these behaviors occur.Design/methodology/approach– In total, 47 recently released ex-offenders participated in focus group discussions that explored the contexts surrounding inmate engagement in HIV risk behaviors in prison. Data were analyzed using NVivo 7 and results were organized into themes.Findings– Inmates engaged behaviors that could predispose them to HIV infection. These behaviors include unprotected sexual intercourse, transactional sex, injection drug use, tattooing, and body piercing. The results of this study show that the contexts within which risk behaviors occur among inmates are complex, involving inmates, corrections staff, and visitors. The reasons why inmates engage in risk behaviors are also myriad: finance; addiction; boredom; deprivation; prison culture; slack security and monitoring; indifference by correctional officers; and violence.Practical implications– Prevention of risk behaviors and ultimately HIV transmission in prison requires a multi-dimensional ecological approach that focusses on the inmates, prison staff, prison system, policies, and policy makers.Originality/value– This paper attempts to explore HIV risk behaviors of prison inmates. It is of value to health professionals, security agents, administrators, and non-governmental organizations that work with the incarcerated population.
Explaining poor health-seeking among HIV-infected released prisoners
Authors: Bhushan Ambika , Brown Shan-Estelle , Marcus Ruthanne , Altice Frederick L 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– Little is understood about the self-described barriers that recently released HIV-infected prisoners face when accessing healthcare and adhering to medications. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate these barriers from the perspective of released prisoners themselves.

Design/methodology/approach
– A qualitative assessment using 30 semi-structured interviews explored individuals’ self-reported acute stressors and barriers to health-seeking during community re-integration for recidivist prisoners. Leventhal’s Self-Regulation Model of Illness (SRMI) is applied to examine both structural and psychological barriers.

Findings
– The SRMI explains that individuals have both cognitive and emotional processing elements to their illness representations, which mediate coping strategies. Cognitive representations of HIV that mediated treatment discontinuation included beliefs that HIV was stigmatizing, a death sentence, or had no physiological consequences. Negative emotional states of hopelessness and anger were either acute or chronic responses that impaired individuals’ motivation to seek care post-release. Individuals expressed feelings of mistrust, fatalism and denial as coping strategies in response to their illness, which reduced likelihood to seek HIV care.

Originality/value
– Interventions for HIV-infected individuals transitioning to the community must incorporate structural and psychological components. Structural support includes housing assistance, employment and health insurance, and linkage to mental health, substance abuse and HIV care. Psychological support includes training to enhance agency with medication self-administration and HIV education to correct false beliefs and reduce distress. Additionally, healthcare workers should be specifically trained to establish trust with these vulnerable populations.
Measuring climate change on Twitter using Google’s algorithm: perception and events
Authors: Hamed Ahmed Abdeen , Ayer Alexa A. , Clark Eric M. , Irons Erin A. , Taylor Grant T. , Zia Asim 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to test the hypothesis of whether more complex and emergent hashtags can be sufficient pointers to climate change events. Human-induced climate change is one of this century’s greatest unbalancing forces to have affected our planet. Capturing the public awareness of climate change on Twitter has proven to be significant. In a previous research, it was demonstrated by the authors that public awareness is prominently expressed in the form of hashtags that uses more than one bigram (i.e. a climate change term). The research finding showed that this awareness is expressed by more complex terms (e.g. “climate change”). It was learned that the awareness was dominantly expressed using the hashtag: #ClimateChange.

Design/methodology/approach
– The methods demonstrated here use objective computational approaches [i.e. Google’s ranking algorithm and Information Retrieval measures (e.g. TFIDF)] to detect and rank the emerging events.

Findings
– The results shows a clear significant evidence for the events signaled using emergent hashtags and how globally influential they are. The research detected the Earth Day, 2015, which was signaled using the hashtag #EarthDay. Clearly, this is a day that is globally observed by the worldwide population.

Originality/value
– It was proven that these computational methods eliminate the subjectivity errors associated with humans and provide inexpensive solution for event detection on Twitter. Indeed, the approach used here can also be applicable to other types of event detections, beyond climate change, and surely applicable to other social media platforms that support the use of hashtags (e.g. Facebook). The paper explains, in great detail, the methods and all the numerous events detected.
To each his own: how to provide a library user with an article respecting licence agreements
Authors: Mangiaracina Silvana , Russo Ornella , Tugnoli Alessandro 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to describe the state of the art of the Italian Archivio Licenze Periodici Elettronici (ALPE) project which aims to improve the understanding of the issues raised by licence agreements of electronic resources in the Inter-Library Loan Service and to support librarians in the implementation of the right policies.

Design/methodology/approach
– ALPE – (E-Journals Licenses Archive) is a national archive of interlibrary loan (ILL) clauses, extracted from standard and negotiated licences, to manage, to publicly share and to check the permitted uses of e-resources for ILL and document delivery.

Findings
– The ALPE archive facilitates public and free access to a remarkable amount of information and data about ILL conditions granted by the most important commercial and academic publishers, and responds to the practical problems of managing and understanding ILL clauses in e-licences.

Originality/value
– The solutions adopted by ALPE effectively solve many of the problems reported in the literature. These should help ILL librarians in dealing with the problems associated with ILL and licensing.
Why business model innovations fail
Authors: Friedrich von den Eichen Stephan , Freiling Joerg , Matzler Kurt 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to discuss the barriers to successful business model innovation and derive implications for management on how to overcome each barrier, as many attempts to innovate a business model have failed.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors draw on their experience they gained in numerous business model innovation projects and identify barriers that occur along a cycle of business model innovation, the authors use case examples to describe the barriers and derive managerial implications.

Findings
– Barriers to successful business model innovation are related to barriers of awareness, search, system, logic and culture. Very often, these barriers are not recognized as such. Overcoming those barriers has to do with openness, with opening, with networking, with affirmation (and mastering) of complexity and thinking and acting in a whole.

Originality/value
– With this paper, the authors contribute to a better understanding of why many business model innovations fail, they identify and describe barriers to business model innovation and develop some recommendations for managers on how to overcome the barriers.
Detection of second-generation images using an assessment criteria method
Authors: Porter Glenn , Ebeyan Robert 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The ability to distinguish between “original” and “copied” images has been a persistent forensic imaging difficulty and can be of some importance to certain criminal and civil investigations. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel assessment criteria method that incorporates visual and metadata-based information for the purpose of determining whether images are original or second-generation duplicates (copies made by rephotographing the original hardcopy).

Design/methodology/approach
– The study reflects difficulties raised from forensic cases and is modelled on fraud investigation that involved images sourced from camera phones. The method involved a new assessment-based criteria approach and the results were evaluated through their application to a sample set of second-generation images.

Findings
– The evaluation confirmed the validity of several theorised detection artefacts resulting in the articulation and presentation of 17 detection criteria considered useful for supporting image analysis.

Originality/value
– The result of this study is an expansion of the tools available to examiners for addressing complex image authentication problems. The criteria approach also assists with transparently communicating the details of the photo interpretation processes for review and scrutiny.
Development and implementation of autism standards for prisons
Authors: Lewis Alexandra , Pritchett Robert , Hughes Clare , Turner Kim 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe the experience of a southern English young offenders institution in developing and implementing standards to improve awareness and care of prisoners with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD).

Design/methodology/approach
– Some contextual factors driving the project are discussed, the multi-agency process involved in the development and implementation of the standards is described and recommendations are made regarding implementation of the standards in other settings.

Findings
– It is expected that successful implementation of the standards will reduce the level of distress and difficulty experienced by people with ASD who find themselves in custody, it will also improve the prison’s ability to meet the needs of prisoners with ASD and thereby improve rehabilitation and reduce any adverse impact on everyday operational processes. Demonstrating success in meeting the standards will enable the prison to achieve accreditation by the National Autistic Society. In March 2015 the prisons minister encouraged all prisons to follow this approach and this will have practice and resource implications.

Originality/value
– This paper describes a clear framework which prisons can use to work systematically towards achieving good practice in addressing the needs of prisoners with ASD. It will enable prisons to meet the duties imposed on them by the Autism Act, 2009 and the Equalities Act, 2010.
Screening and diagnostic assessment of neurodevelopmental disorders in a male prison
Authors: McCarthy Jane , Chaplin Eddie , Underwood Lisa , Forrester Andrew , Hayward Hannah , Sabet Jessica , Young Susan , Asherson Philip , Mills Richard , Murphy Declan 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify neurodevelopmental disorders and difficulties (NDD) in a male prison. The study used standardised tools to carry out screening and diagnostic assessment of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID).

Design/methodology/approach
– The ADHD self-report scale, 20-item autism quotient and the Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire were used to screen 240 male prisoners. Prisoners who screened positive on one or more of these scales or self-reported a diagnosis of ADHD, ASD or ID were further assessed using the diagnostic interview for ADHD in adults, adapted Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Quick Test.

Findings
– Of the 87 prisoners who screened positive for NDD and were further assessed, 70 met the study’s diagnostic criteria for ADHD, ASD or ID. Most of those with NDD (51 per cent) had previously gone unrecognised and a high proportion (51 per cent) were identified through staff- or self-referral to the study.

Originality/value
– The study demonstrated that improving awareness and providing access to skilled, standardised assessment within a male prison can result in increased recognition and identification of NDD.
How exposure to logos and logo varieties fosters brand prominence and freshness
Authors: Sääksjärvi Maria , van den Hende Ellis , Mugge Ruth , van Peursem Nicolien 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
This study aims to propose that a brand can be kept both prominent and fresh by using existing logos as well as logo varieties (i.e. slight modifications to the brand’s existing logo).

Design/methodology/approach
In two experimental studies, the authors exposed respondents to either the existing brand logo or to logo varieties, and examined their influence on brand prominence and freshness.

Findings
The findings suggest that consumers subconsciously process logo varieties to which they are exposed in a similar way as they subconsciously process the existing logo of the brand, making both types of logo exposure effective for building brand prominence and freshness.

Research limitations/implications
It would also be worthwhile to study the effect of logo varieties using other dependent measures than the ones employed in this study, such as purchase intent and behavioral measures (such as consumption behaviors).

Practical implications
This research shows that logo varieties can be used alongside the existing brand logo to build prominence and freshness. These findings diverge from the findings typically reported in the branding literature that state that consumers resist changes to logos.

Originality/value
This research not only demonstrates that exposure to logo varieties and existing logos evokes automatic effects (both types of logos outperform a control group in fostering brand-related outcomes) but also confirms that exposing consumers to the existing logo or logo varieties give less differential effects than one may think.
The question is which is to be master – that’s all
Authors: Abeles Tom P. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– The author, Geoff Colvin, argues that education, particularly in the STEM area, has given the USA a global economic edge and that this technology now has given rise to an increasingly sophisticated and powerful set of tools in the form of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics. The book in its first quarter argues for the increasing capabilities that will give humans access to technologies for advancing its well-being and that of the environment.Design/methodology/approach– The review notes that the remaining ¾ of the volume is an argument as to why soft or affective skills will be the critical characteristics that will allow the technology to advance but not dominate. This review questions whether the length of the defense succeeds in its effort to validate the human–computer relationship in favor of humans.Findings– The author is unable to neutralize his opinion and that of others that if it can be imagined that AI/robots can replace humans, then they will. The author is unable to shake the idea that if affective skills such as emotions can be developed by AI, then it will happen. Only in Science Fiction literature such a possibility exists and its consequences have been explored.Practical implications– AI/robotics will continue to advance providing technological solutions to the issues surrounding the environment and the improvement of human life.Originality/value– There is significant uncertainty as to what the socio/economic and political ramifications are or will be for an increasingly rapid evolution of both AI and robotics.
Utilising the UK Freedom of Information Act 2000 for crime record data
Authors: Johnson Derek , Hampson Edward 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– This research paper aims to consider the use of the UK Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FOIA) as a resource providing access to otherwise unavailable data from the UK Police forces. Not seeking to be a critical examination of Police practice, it offers insight to many aspects of records management appertaining to the police service provision of recorded crime. Authors consider whether record management is sufficiently integrated into police practice, given the transparency called for by the FOIA, contemporary societal needs and the growing requirement to provide high value evidence led assessments of activity both within and external to the service.

Design/methodology/approach
– FOIA was utilised to collect data from all police forces in England and Wales through multiple requests. Carried out over a 15-month period, three requests were collated and responses compared, allowing for examination of compliance with the legislation and reflections on the manner in which records were sought and ultimately disseminated.

Findings
– Generally, responding to FOIA requests was well managed by English Police Forces. Methods of data management and collection practice were exposed which the authors suggest pose questions on the strength of records management consideration that may be worthy of further work. Configuration management of records is highlighted as an essential function given the disparity of data releases experienced.

Research limitations/implications
– This research highlights the FOIA as a valuable methodological tool for academic researchers, but it is limited in respect of seeking firm contextual explanation of the Police internal procedures to answer requests. By making common requests over a long time period to the same Police forces, it provides a clear study of FOIA processes and raises potentially significant questions for records management consideration.

Practical implications
– Findings provide advice on developing use of the FOIA as an academic methodological resource and reflect on the findings impact on internal police use of data and information records.

Originality/value
– This paper allows for reflection on the importance of high-value records management in the day-to-day business of the police service and questions whether such knowledge areas are suitably considered. Covering an area of little previous academic enquiry, the research informs criminal justice practitioners of areas for potential further discussion and academic researchers on the validity of using the FOIA as a valuable information source.
Bill George: the era of self-serving leadership is over but global markets pose the next authenticity challenge for leaders
Authors: Leavy Brian 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– This interview covers research published in three major books by Bill George. The first was in response to a massive governance crisis as high-flyers like Enron, WorldCom and Tyco crashed. George’s first book, offered an alternative to self-serving leadership, was “Authentic Leadership” in 2003. Having been a highly successful CEO, he watched with grave concern as the stock market and media mistakenly venerated CEOs like Bob Nardelli at Home Depot and Hewlett-Packard’s Carly Fiorina for their charisma, style and image rather than their character and substance.

Design/methodology/approach
– In 2005-2006 he created a research team at Harvard Business School to determine how to develop authentic leaders. This project still stands as the largest, in-depth research of leaders ever undertaken. The result was his second book, True North, published in 2007.

Findings
– A third book, Discover Your True North, the result of a second Harvard study displays the dramatic changes for the better in leadership in the past decade.

Practical implications
– The best of today’s corporate leaders are less hierarchical and bureaucratic than their predecessors. They focus primarily on gaining alignment around their organization’s mission and values, and empowering their employees to step up and lead rather than merely following rules and processes. They operate less in their self-interest, and more in service to others and pursuit of greater societal good on a global scale. The new leaders are authentic and open, rather than focused on leadership style and charisma.

Originality/value
– Bill George’s research has defined an effective alternative to self-serving leadership, one that can be a model for 21st Century leaders facing the demands of a rapid change, continuous innovation global marketplace. Authentic leaders make good strategists.