bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Array analysis of P-wave polarization data for constraining near-surface shear wave speeds: Application to the Valley of Mexico seismic network
Authors: Ruelas Adrián , Park Sunyoung , Sánchez-Sesma Francisco J 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
We present an array method for constraining near-surface shear wave speed values from P-wave polarization data. As the direction of P-wave particle motion is determined both by the incident ray parameter and the local surficial shear wave speed, the latter can be inferred from three-component seismic records if the ray parameter is estimated first. Previous studies have analysed data recorded at a single station from various earthquakes in order to estimate near-surface shear wave speed. In contrast, this paper analyses data recorded at an array of stations. As such, this method can estimate both ray parameter data for the recorded earthquakes and near-surface shear wave speed values at the studied sites. And as an advantage, the method can analyse records of local and regional earthquakes where ray parameter information cannot be reliably estimated using 1D reference velocity models. Additionally, by processing polarization data spanning multiple events and stations, our method provides robust estimates for near-surface shear wave speed values. We apply this array-based method to a seismic array covering the Valley of Mexico. Analysed records correspond to regional earthquakes with epicentral distances of roughly 300 km. The corresponding ray parameter values for all earthquakes were estimated from the delay of the seismic waves arrival throughout the network as all stations have a reliable time reference. Near-surface shear wave speed values estimated from the array-based polarization analysis are correlated with major geological features of the area such as the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and the local basin. We also apply the presented method to a minimal data scenario. The flexibility of this method allows it to employ a single ray parameter value as input, producing robust estimates for near-surface shear wave speed values within our case study. This feature becomes useful in a variety of scenarios, such as utilizing seismic data lacking timing information. The presented method constitutes an accessible and inexpensive alternative to study shallow seismic structure, opening opportunities to expand and complement current tools and techniques to assess seismic hazards.
Joint measurement of cosmic-ray muons and seismic waves at laboratory scale
Authors: Matsushima Jun , Kodama Masashi , Ali Mohammed Y , Bouchaala Fateh , Tanaka Hiroyuki K M , Kin Tadahiro , Basiri Hamid , Yokota Toshiyuki , Suzuki Makoto 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
Current geophysical exploration methods face challenges in accurately determining gas saturation levels and elastic constants with adequate spatial resolution. Seismic wave velocity is a critical physical property in these techniques, but it introduces uncertainties because of its composite nature involving density and two elastic constants (e.g. bulk and shear modulus), which exhibit a trade-off relationship. We propose a novel approach that integrates cosmic-ray muon detection with seismic exploration to independently resolve P- and S-wave velocities into their constituent elastic constants and densities. First, we utilized a fluid substitution approach based on Gassmann's model to illustrate the benefits of incorporating density information in predicting gas saturation levels in pores. This supports the advantage of decomposing seismic wave velocity into density and two elastic constants. Second, to validate the applicability and performance of the proposed method, which involves separating seismic wave velocity into density and two types of elastic constants, muon and ultrasonic data were collected in laboratory experiments on two different targets: an acrylic block and an aluminium block. Upon muon observation, a relationship is established to convert muon flux into density length, considering the characteristics of the building housing the laboratory and the direction of muon arrival at specific positions within the building. Although there is potential for enhancing the accuracy of the derived physical properties such as density, bulk modulus, and shear modulus, the feasibility of this method has been successfully demonstrated at the laboratory scale.
Salutogenic mechanisms in nature-based work: fostering sense of coherence for employees with limited capability for work
Authors: Hiemstra Sanne Renske , Naaldenberg Jenneken , de Jonge A , Vaandrager Lenneke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Having a job is important for the well-being and inclusion of people with limited capability for work (LCW) due to physical and/or mental disability. This study explores salutogenic mechanisms that contribute to work-related sense of coherence (Work-SoC) of employees with LCW, i.e. perceiving their work in nature as manageable, comprehensible and meaningful. Semi-structured interviews (26 in total) were conducted with employees with LCW, employee supervisors, job coaches and foresters, all working in nature management. Interviews were held at four worksites of a governmental organisation in the Netherlands that provides permanent jobs for people with LCW. Employees with LCW contributed to the design and analysis of the study as co-researchers. Thematic analysis was used and member checks were carried out on preliminary findings. We identified six salutogenic mechanisms that contribute to nature-based Work-SoC of employees with LCW: (i) having constructive working relationships, (ii) experiencing structure and clarity, (iii) receiving practical and emotional support, (iv) support in the creation of meaning, (v) experiencing and learning in practice and (vi) physical activity and (absence of) stimuli. Identified mechanisms can create a positive effect when leveraged, thereby boosting (new) salutogenic mechanisms. Our findings illustrate that nature-based work can provide resources that promote Work-SoC of employees with LCW through the identified mechanisms. However, employees with LCW, colleagues, supervisors and stakeholders must recognize, mobilize and use these resources to leverage identified mechanisms in order to facilitate health-promoting workplaces for people with LCW. This, in turn, can contribute to sustainable inclusion through enablement.
Inequalities in health literacy between European population and newly arrived male sub-Saharan migrants in Europe
Authors: Ferreira-Alfaya Francisco Javier 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Increases in migration pressure from sub-Saharan Africa to Europe have increased in recent years. Despite this trend, the health literacy needs of migrants in host communities have not been sufficiently studied. This research aims to explore the health literacy of migrants newly arriving in Europe and compare it with the health literacy levels of the European population, utilizing data obtained from the European health literacy survey. A convenience sampling cross-sectional study was conducted at the Temporary Immigrant Stay Center in Melilla (Spain) in June 2022 using a validated French and Arabic version of the 16-item European health literacy survey questionnaire. A total of 106 sub-Saharan migrants ≥ 18 years of age were surveyed. The general health literacy index of the migrants was 30.02 points (on a scale of 50), placing it in the ‘problematic’ level. Of the participants, 57.54% had a limited ability to obtain, understand and apply health information and make appropriate health-related decisions. The largest gap compared to European citizens was observed in skills to understand information related to disease prevention. These results reinforce that migrant status is a social determinant of low health literacy and suggest that health professionals should extend their educational role to this vulnerable group.
Systematic review on oral antibacterial relay therapy for acute staphylococcal prosthetic joint infections treated with debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR)
Authors: Gachet Benoit , Dechartres Agnès , Senneville Eric , Robineau Olivier 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The management of acute prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) often involves a debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) strategy.

Objective
Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and a network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess the comparative effectiveness of available oral antimicrobial regimens for the treatment of acute staphylococcal PJIs treated with DAIR.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review searching articles from databases creation until 31 December 2023. We included articles on acute staphylococcal PJIs managed with DAIR with an oral antibiotic regimen relaying the initial management. The primary outcome was the remission rate.

Results
Out of the 2421 studies screened, six studies completed the systematic review criteria: one randomized controlled trial and five observational studies. There was heterogeneity in patients’ populations, duration and posology of treatments, definition of outcome and length of follow-up. Studies revealed 10 antibiotic regimens and most data focusing on five combinations recommended by the IDSA's guidelines: rifampicin associated to fluoroquinolone, clindamycin, cycline, linezolid or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Treatment comparisons were often secondary, without adjustment for confounding factors, resulting in a high risk of bias. Owing to inconsistencies a complete analysis, including an NMA was not possible.

Conclusion
The available data highlight five companions to rifampicin, however, there is insufficient evidence to compare them. The literature does not provide a basis for rationalizing alternatives when rifampicin cannot be used.
Pyruvate stimulates transamination of leucine into α-ketoisocaproic acid and supports 3-methylbutanal production by Lactococcus lactis
Authors: Brandsma Johannes B , Brinkman Judith , Wolkers-Rooijackers Judith C M , van Swam Iris , van Uitert Kim , Zwietering Marcel H , Smid Eddy J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aim
To investigate the effect of pyruvate and glucose on leucine transamination and 3-methylbutanal production by Lactococcus lactis, including the comparison with cells possessing glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity.

Methods and results
Lactococcus lactis cells were incubated in chemically defined medium (CDM) with the pH controlled at 5.2 to mimic cheese conditions. Pyruvate supplementation stimulated the production of the key flavour compound 3-methylbutanal by 3–4 times after 72 h of incubation. Concurrently, alanine production increased, demonstrating the involvement of pyruvate in transamination reactions. Glucose-metabolizing cells excreted α-ketoisocaproic acid and produced even 3 times more 3-methylbutanal after 24 h than pyruvate-supplemented cells. Conjugal transfer technique was used to transfer the plasmid pGdh442 carrying the gdh gene encoding for GDH to L. lactis. Introducing GDH did not stimulate the excretion of α-ketoisocaproic acid and the production of 3-methylbutanal.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that Lactococcus uses pyruvate to transaminate leucine into α-ketoisocaproic acid which supports 3-methylbutanal production. Surprisingly, GDH activity did not stimulate leucine transamination and 3-methylbutanal production.
Physical activity, metabolites, and breast cancer associations
Authors: Watts Eleanor L , Moore Steven C , Abar Leila , Hong Hyokyoung G , Saint-Maurice Pedro F , O’Connell Caitlin , Matthews Charles E , Loftfield Erikka 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The effects of usual physical activity on physiology and disease prevention are not fully understood. We examined the associations between physical activity, metabolites, and breast cancer risk.

Methods
Physical activity levels were assessed using doubly labeled water, accelerometers, and 24-hour recalls in the Interactive Diet and Activity Tracking in AARP (IDATA) Study (N = 707 participants, ages 50-74 years, 51% women), with 1 to 6 assessments over 12 months and 2 blood sample collections. Partial Spearman correlations were used to estimate associations between physical activity and 843 serum metabolites, corrected for multiple testing. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of metabolites with postmenopausal breast cancer in a nested case-control study (621 cases, 621 controls); all statistical tests were 2-sided.

Results
Physical activity was associated with 164 metabolites spanning numerous pathways, including amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. Twelve of these metabolites were also associated with breast cancer risk, 10 of which supported a protective role of physical activity. Notably, higher physical activity was associated with lower 16alpha-hydroxy dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate (sulfated steroid) and adipoylcarnitine (fatty acid), both of which were associated with increased breast cancer risk (OR per 1 standard deviation [SD] = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.16 to 1.55 and 1.26, 1.11 to 1.42, respectively). Higher physical activity energy expenditure was also associated with lower sphingomyelin (d18:1/20:1, d18:2/20:0), which was associated with a reduced breast cancer risk (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.73 to 0.93).

Conclusion
Physical activity is associated with a broad range of metabolites, many of which are consistent with a protective effect against breast cancer. Our findings highlight potential metabolic pathways for cancer prevention.
Design of randomized controlled trials to estimate cancer-mortality reductions from multicancer detection screening
Authors: Hu Ping , Prorok Philip C , Katki Hormuzd A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Determining whether screening with multicancer detection (MCD) tests saves lives requires randomized controlled trials (RCTs). To inform RCT design, we estimated cancer-mortality outcomes from hypothetical MCD RCTs.

Methods
We used the Hu-Zelen model, previously used to plan the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), to estimate mortality reductions, sample size, and power for 9 cancers for different RCT design parameters and MCD test parameters.

Results
Our base-case RCT with 5 yearly screens and 100 000 people ages 60-74 in each arm, who also undergo standard-of-care screens, has 87%-89% power to detect a 9%-10% mortality reduction (Number Needed to Screen [NNS] = 578-724) over 7-9 years. The majority of prevented deaths were from lung cancers (base-case [64%-66%] and all sensitivity analyses), 8%-10% from colorectal cancer, and 26% from the other 7 cancers, mostly from stomach or ovary or esophagus (due to excellent stage 1 survival) and less from liver or pancreas (poor stage 1 survival) or head and neck or lymphoma (excellent stage 4 survival). There was limited power for mortality reductions at most individual cancer sites. Base-case findings were sensitive to test sensitivity, stage shifts, and mean sojourn times in the preclinical state (especially for lung cancer), but 90% power could be recovered by recruiting a substantially higher risk population.

Conclusions
Large-scale MCD RCTs would have 89% power to detect an approximate 10% cancer mortality reduction over a relatively short 7-9 year timeframe from trial entry. The estimated NNS for MCD RCTs compares favorably with mammographic screening. Most prevented cancer deaths in a well-powered MCD RCT would likely be from lung cancer. Non-lung and non-colorectal cancer sites could be a meaningful proportion of prevented cancer deaths, but power is insufficient to isolate non-lung-cancer mortality reductions.
Precision preclinical modeling to advance cancer treatment
Authors: Gutmann David H , Boehm Jesse S , Karlsson Elinor K , Padron Eric , Seshadri Mukund , Wallis Deeann , Snyder Joshua C 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A new era of cancer management is underway in which treatments are being developed for the entire continuum of the disease process. The availability of genetically engineered and naturally occurring preclinical models serves as instructive platforms for evaluating therapeutic mechanisms. However, a major clinical challenge is that the entire malignancy process occurs across multiple scales including genetic mutations, malignant changes in cell behavior, dysregulated tumor microenvironments, and systemic adaptations in the host. A multidisciplinary group of investigators coalesced at the National Cancer Institute Oncology Models Forum with the overall goal to provide updates on the use of precision preclinical models of cancer. The benefits and limitations of preclinical models were discussed to identify strategies for maximizing opportunities in modeling that could inform future cancer prevention and treatment approaches. Our shared perspective is that the continuum of single cell, multicell, organoid, and in situ models are remarkable resources for the clinical challenges ahead. We provide a roadmap for parsing already available models and include preliminary recommendations for the application of next-generation preclinical modeling in cancer intervention.
Posttreatment surveillance intensity and overall survival in prostate cancer survivors (AFT-30)
Authors: Chen Ronald C , Basak Ramsankar , Dusetzina Stacie , Usinger Deborah S , Mohammed Zahed , Falchook Aaron D , Schumacher Jessica R , Francescatti Amanda B , Cuddy Amanda , Chang George J , Kozower Benjamin D , Greenberg Caprice C , Barber Anne K , Katz Aaron J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Posttreatment surveillance affects millions of cancer survivors, but empiric data to guide clinical practice are lacking. This study assessed whether the intensity of surveillance testing after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer is associated with overall survival.

Methods
Men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer between 2005 and 2010 who underwent radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy at a Commission on Cancer–accredited facility were randomly sampled. Primary data collected from 10 147 patients sampled across 1007 facilities were linked with existing data from the National Cancer Database. Analysis examined whether intensity of surveillance measured as the number of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests in the first year after primary treatment (categorized as 0-1 [low intensity], 2 [medium], or ≥3 [high intensity] PSA tests) was associated with overall survival. Secondary outcomes included recurrence-free survival (RFS) and subsequent use of imaging tests, biopsy procedures, and salvage treatment.

Results
Median follow-up exceeded 8 years from prostate cancer diagnosis. Overall survival was not statistically significantly different across surveillance intensity groups among radiation therapy (P = .59) or radical prostatectomy (P = .29) patients. RFS was not statistically significantly different across surveillance intensity groups for radiation therapy (P = .13) patients but was for radical prostatectomy (P = .01) patients with high intensity associated with the worst RFS. In both treatments, higher surveillance intensity was associated with more procedures and salvage treatments.

Conclusions
In patients with localized prostate cancer, more frequent PSA surveillance testing after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy was associated with increased procedures and salvage treatments but not overall survival.
Anaerobe-Targeted Antibiotic Therapy in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Green Matthew B , Zevallos Barboza Alvaro , Mukhopadhyay Sagori , Gerber Jeffrey S , Morowitz Michael J , Puopolo Karen M , Flannery Dustin D 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Anaerobe-targeted antibiotic (ATA) therapy may adversely impact the developing neonatal microbiome. We describe utilization patterns, potential indications, and related outcomes of ATA therapy in neonatal intensive care units across the United States over 13 years. While overall antibiotic use decreased, ATA use was unchanged. Potentially associated indications were inconsistent.
Media representations of Venezuelan migration in Portugal and Argentina: Between exceptionalism and a returning diaspora
Authors: Padilla Beatriz , França Thais , Melella Cecilia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Since the Venezuelan humanitarian crisis, Venezuelan migration to Portugal and Argentina has increased significantly, generating media reactions. Even if media discourses about immigrants in general tend to be negative, Venezuelans seem to be an exception, as the image portrayed tends to be positive, associated either with their highly skilled profile or with their European ancestors. By applying mass-media critical discourse analysis, this article analyses dominant media representations of Venezuelan migrants in Portugal and Argentina between 2015 and 2019, and shows how discourses represent them according to the leading policies that frame migrations in each context of destination. In Portugal, Venezuelans are perceived as Luso-descendants returning home, so they are not specifically targeted by immigration policies but are rather ambiguously included in diaspora policies while abroad; even upon return, they are considered national citizens. In Argentina, Venezuelans are seen as talented migrants who bring along qualifications and entrepreneurship capacity to the country, thus deserving exceptional treatment and solidarity due to the humanitarian crisis caused by the Chavez–Maduro regime. Both examples illustrate how positive media images carry different connotations depending on ideological and policy discourses shaped by local–global historical processes and contexts.
Chemical abundances for a sample of FGK dwarfs in the Pleiades open cluster from APOGEE
Authors: Grilo Vinicius , Souto Diogo , Cunha Katia , Guerço Rafael , Vieira Rodrigo , Smith Verne , Vilar Deusalete , Silva-Andrade Anderson , Wanderley Fábio , Daflon Simone , Silva João Victor Sales 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
This paper presents chemical abundances of 12 elements (C, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, and Fe) for 80 FGK dwarfs in the Pleiades open cluster, which span a temperature range of $\sim$2000 K in T$_{\rm eff}$, using the high-resolution (R$\sim$22 500) near-infrared SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey)-IV/APOGEE (Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment) spectra ($\lambda$1.51–1.69 $\mu$m). Using a 1D local thermodynamic equilibrium abundance analysis, we determine an overall metallicity of [Fe/H] = +0.03 $\pm$ 0.04 dex, with the elemental ratios [$\alpha$/Fe] = +0.01 $\pm$ 0.05, [odd-z/Fe] = –0.04 $\pm$ 0.08, and [iron peak/Fe] = –0.02 $\pm$ 0.08. These abundances for the Pleiades are in line with the abundances of other open clusters at similar galactocentric distances as presented in the literature. Examination of the abundances derived from each individual spectral line revealed that several of the stronger lines displayed trends of decreasing abundance with decreasing $T_{\rm eff}$. The list of spectral lines that yield abundances that are independent of $T_{\rm eff}$ are presented and used for deriving the final abundances. An investigation into possible causes of the temperature-dependent abundances derived from the stronger lines suggests that the radiative codes and the APOGEE line list we employ may inadequately model van der Waals broadening, in particular in the cooler K dwarfs.