bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the influence of geography and environment on the northeast Atlantic mackerel spawning distribution
Authors: Brunel Thomas , van Damme Cindy J. G. , Samson Melvin , Dickey‐Collas Mark 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the northeast Atlantic have shown changes in distribution at certain times of the year, which have impacted their exploitation and management. In this study, mackerel spawning habitat over 21 recent years was characterised using generalised additive modelling, based on spatial egg density data collected every third year during targeted ichthyoplankton surveys. Mackerel spawning distribution was found to depend primarily on geographical variables (coordinates and bottom depth), with preferred spawning locations on the shelf‐edge from the north of the Iberian peninsula to the west of Scotland, with a maximum west of Ireland. Environmental drivers had a lesser influence on egg distribution. Dome shaped relationships were found with temperature and mixed layer depth, with respective optimum at 13°C and around –300 m. The model was used to reconstruct maps of the potential habitat (areas where conditions were suitable, but not necessarily used, for spawning). Little changes were observed over the years in the potential habitat, suggesting that the expansion of the egg distribution (realised habitat) was not triggered by changes in the environmental variables investigated. Little evidence was found for density‐dependent habitat selection. There was a tendency for mackerel to make more use of areas of lesser suitability in years with large stock size (1992 and 2010). This pattern, however, broke down in 2013, when stock size was the highest, as spawning occurred very south and concentrated in the most suitable habitat.
Why artificial light at night should be a focus for global change research in the 21st century
Authors: Davies Thomas W. , Smyth Tim 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe environmental impacts of artificial light at night have been a rapidly growing field of global change science in recent years. Yet, light pollution has not achieved parity with other global change phenomena in the level of concern and interest it receives from the scientific community, government and nongovernmental organizations. This is despite the globally widespread, expanding and changing nature of night‐time lighting and the immediacy, severity and phylogenetic breath of its impacts. In this opinion piece, we evidence 10 reasons why artificial light at night should be a focus for global change research in the 21st century. Our reasons extend beyond those concerned principally with the environment, to also include impacts on human health, culture and biodiversity conservation more generally. We conclude that the growing use of night‐time lighting will continue to raise numerous ecological, human health and cultural issues, but that opportunities exist to mitigate its impacts by combining novel technologies with sound scientific evidence. The potential gains from appropriate management extend far beyond those for the environment, indeed it may play a key role in transitioning towards a more sustainable society.
Effects of simulated gastrointestinal digestion on the physicochemical properties, erythrocyte haemolysis inhibitory ability and chemical antioxidant activity of mulberry leaf protein and its hydrolysates
Authors: Sun Chongzhen , Wu Wenjia , Yin Zhina , Fan Liuhui , Ma Yurong , Lai Furao , Wu Hui 
Published: November 2017

SummaryProteins and peptides must be degraded and modified in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract prior to absorption; this process changes their physicochemical and biological properties. Mulberry leaf protein (MP) and its hydrolysates (HMP) have favourable antioxidant activities. To investigate, in vitro and separately, the effects of GI digestion and intestinal digestion on the stability of MP and HMP, we monitored the changes in secondary structures, amino acids, molecular weights and antioxidant activities. We found that MP was more hydrolysed by pepsin than by pancreatin, unlike HMP. The final digests of MP and HMP were mainly composed of polypeptides (0.5–6.5 kDa) and oligopeptides (<0.5 kDa), respectively. The GI digestion influenced MP and HMP differently; GI digestion increased the antioxidant efficiency of MP and decreased that of HMP. For the intestinal digests, the antioxidant activities of MP and HMP also differed. The 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′‐azinobis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical quenching abilities of MP and HMP at 1 mg mL−1 were comparable to or exceeded that of L‐glutathione (GSH) and 6‐hydroxy‐2,5,7,8‐tetramethychroman‐2‐carboxylic acid (trolox). Meanwhile, the erythrocyte haemolysis rates of MP, HMP and their GI products at 0.05–1.0 mg mL−1 were significantly lower than that of the 2,2′‐azobis (isobutyramidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) control. Both MP and HMP can be used as natural antioxidants and may promote digestive health.
Film preparation with high protein defatted peanut flour: characterisation and potential use as food packaging
Authors: Riveros Cecilia G. , Martin M. Paula , Aguirre Alicia , Grosso Nelson R. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to prepare a defatted peanut flour‐based film (DPFF); to characterise their physicochemical, optical, barrier and mechanical properties; and to evaluate the defatted peanut flour package efficacy to preserve the chemical quality of sunflower oil during storage. The film presented high lightness values (L* = 86.83). The water vapour permeability was 5.44 × 10−11 g m−1 s−1 Pa−1. Tensile strength and percentage of elongation were 1.01 MPa and 84.01%, respectively. Sunflower oil samples packaged in defatted peanut flour packages (DPFP) were stored during 67 days at room temperature. Peroxide value and conjugated dienes increased less for sunflower oil conditioned in DPFP and high barrier plastic pouches (EVOH) during storage than sunflower oil conditioned in Petri dishes (C). The use of DPFP improved the chemical stability of sunflower oil during storage. The DPFF showed suitable film properties, and also, the capacity to be incorporated in food packaging applications.
Synchrony, Co‐Eating and Communication During Complementary Feeding in Early Infancy
Authors: Costantini Cristina , Akehurst Lucy , Reddy Vasudevi , Fasulo Alessandra 
Published: November 2017

The transition from milk to complementary food is a crucial but difficult process, requiring considerable adult sensitivity. We know little about the relationship between maternal feeding behaviors and infant willingness to eat at the onset of complementary feeding (CF), and we know even less about how these patterns might vary across cultures. Thirty‐seven dyads (15 from the UK and 22 from Italy) took part in a longitudinal study, during which mealtimes were video‐recorded 1 week after the onset of CF (Time 1) and at 7 months of infant age (Time 2). The first five minutes of mealtimes were coded for maternal feeding behaviors, for infant willingness to eat, and for synchrony in feeding. Maternal vocal communications (MVCs) and attention‐directing acts (ADAs) during the whole mealtime were also coded. Infant willingness to eat was significantly related to synchrony and co‐eating, suggesting the importance of sensitivity and empathy during feeding as in other parent–infant interactions. The frequency of maternal ADAs varied between nationalities and, contrary to current advice, did not relate negatively to infant willingness to eat. These patterns and variations suggest the need to consider CF as a contextually variable and sensitive foundation for feeding relationships.
Enhancing emission intensity and thermal stability by charge compensation in Sr2Mg3P4O15:Eu3+
Authors: Liu Shiqi , Liang Yujun , Zhu Yingli , Li Haoran , Chen Jiahui , Wang Mengyuan , Li Wenjian 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCharge compensation was the effective methods to enhance the luminescence properties of phosphors. In this paper, novel single‐phased orange light emitting Sr2Mg3P4O15:Eu3+ phosphors were prepared by solid state method. The phase purity and luminous characteristics were examined in detail. Meanwhile, three kinds of charge compensation methods (co‐doping the alkali metal R+ (R+ = Li, Na, and K), substituting Si4+ for P5+ and self‐compensation) were employed to solve the charge imbalance problem between Sr2+ and Eu3+. The results showed that emission intensity of Eu3+ was improved by 1.43 (Li+), 1.58 (Na+), 1.53 (K+), 1.61 (Si4+), and 1.30 (self) times than that of Sr1.6Mg3P4O15:0.40Eu3+, respectively, and there was no change in the emitting color simultaneously. Furthermore, as the temperature reached at 423 K, the emission intensity increased from 41.67% of Sr1.6Mg3P4O15:0.40Eu3+ to 55.69% (Li+), 61.62% (Na+), 58.98% (K+), 71.15% (Si4+), and 80.59% (self) of that at room temperature. The reasons of those phenomena were the reduction in ion vacancies caused by charge imbalance through the charge compensation process. The specific mechanisms were elaborated in detail. Overall, this research validated that the charge compensation strategies could be severed as the key method to improve the luminescence properties, especially the thermal stability of phosphor.
The role of shame in the development and maintenance of psychological distress in adults with intellectual disabilities: A narrative review and synthesis
Authors: Clapton Neil E. , Williams Jonathan , Jones Robert S. P. 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundThe role of shame in the development and maintenance of psychological distress in adults with mild‐to‐moderate intellectual disabilities has been relatively under‐researched. This study provides a review of diverse current research that has implicitly or explicitly investigated shame processes in this population in some form.MethodsA narrative review of the literature was undertaken. An electronic search of four databases identified 17 studies that met the eligibility criteria.ResultsFindings indicate that individuals with mild‐to‐moderate intellectual disabilities may experience difficulties with both external and internal shame, which appear to be related to increased psychological distress. Experiences of being shamed may significantly negatively impact on self‐to‐self and other self‐relating, processes of social comparison, subsequent self‐worth and emotional well‐being.ConclusionShame may be a contributory factor in the development and maintenance of psychological distress and subsequent mental health issues in some adults with mild‐to‐moderate intellectual disabilities.
Designing a technology‐enhanced flipped learning system to facilitate students' self‐regulation and performance
Authors: Shyr Wen‐Jye , Chen Ching‐Huei 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn recent years, the flipped classroom has become prevalent in many educational settings. Flipped classroom adopts a pedagogical model in which short video lectures are viewed by students at home before class so that the teacher can lead students to participate in activities, problem‐solving, and discussions. Yet the design or use of technology that employs planned instructional strategies with sustainable support of self‐regulation is scant. We propose a technology‐enhanced flipped language learning system (Flip2Learn) that provides facilitation and guidance for learning performance and self‐regulation. A quasi‐experimental study was carried out to examine whether Flip2Learn could enhance college students' self‐regulatory skills and later contribute to the learning performance in the flipped classrooms. The results showed that Flip2Learn not only better prepared students for flipped classrooms but also better promoted learning performance compared to the conventional flipped classrooms. The results of this research advanced our understanding of the dynamics of flipped classrooms and represented a revolutionary new approach to the technology‐enhanced learning for flipped classrooms.
Left atrial ejection force predicts the outcome after catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kishima Hideyuki , Mine Takanao , Takahashi Satoshi , Ashida Kenki , Ishihara Masaharu , Masuyama Tohru 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntroductionLeft atrium (LA) systolic dysfunction is observed in the early stages of atrial fibrillation (AF) prior to LA anatomical change. We investigated whether LA systolic dysfunction predicts recurrent AF after catheter ablation (CA) in patients with paroxysmal AF.Methods and resultsWe studied 106 patients who underwent CA for paroxysmal AF. LA systolic function was assessed with the LA emptying volume = Maximum LA volume (LAVmax) – Minimum LA volume (LAVmin), LA emptying fraction = [(LAVmax – LAVmin)/LAVmax] × 100, and LA ejection force calculated with Manning's method [LA ejection force = (0.5 × ρ × mitral valve area × A2)], where ρ is the blood density and A is the late‐diastolic mitral inflow velocity. Recurrent AF was detected in 35/106 (33%) during 14.6 ± 9.1 months. Univariate analysis revealed reduced LA ejection force, decreased LA emptying fraction, larger LA diameter, and elevated brain natriuretic peptide as significant variables. On multivariate analysis, reduced LA ejection force and larger LA diameter were independently associated with recurrent AF. Moreover, patients with reduced LA ejection force and larger LA diameter had a higher risk of recurrent AF than preserved LA ejection force (log‐rank P = 0.0004).ConclusionsReduced LA ejection force and larger LA diameter were associated with poor outcome after CA for paroxysmal AF, and could be a new index to predict recurrent AF.
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in people clinically diagnosed with periodontitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of epidemiologic studies
Authors: Ziukaite Laura , Slot Dagmar E. , Van der Weijden Fridus A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectivesDiabetes mellitus and periodontitis are complex chronic diseases with an established bidirectional relationship. This systematic review evaluated in subjects with professionally diagnosed periodontitis the prevalence and odds of having diabetes.MethodsThe MEDLINE‐PubMed, CENTRAL and EMBASE databases were searched. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among subjects with periodontitis was extracted or if possible calculated.ResultsFrom the 803 titles and abstracts that came out of the search, 27 papers met the initial criteria. Prevalence of diabetes was 13.1% among subjects with periodontitis and 9.6% among subjects without periodontitis. Based on subanalysis, for subjects with periodontitis, the prevalence of diabetes was 6.2% when diabetes was self‐reported, compared to 17.3% when diabetes was clinically assessed. The highest prevalence of diabetes among subjects with periodontitis was observed in studies originating from Asian countries (17.2%, n = 18,002) and the lowest in studies describing populations from Europe (4.3%, n = 7,858). The overall odds ratio for patients with diabetes to be among subjects with periodontitis as compared to those without periodontitis was 2.27 (95% CI [1.90;2.72]). A substantial variability in the definitions of periodontitis, combination of self‐reported and clinically assessed diabetes, lack of confounding for diabetes control in included studies introduces estimation bias.ConclusionsThe overall prevalence and odds of having diabetes are higher within periodontitis populations compared to people without periodontitis. Self‐reported diabetes underestimates the prevalence when compared to this condition assessed clinically. Geographical differences were observed: the highest diabetes prevalence among subjects with periodontitis was observed in studies conducted in Asia and the lowest in studies originating from Europe.
A cross‐sectional epidemiological study of hidradenitis suppurativa in an Irish population (SHIP)
Authors: Delany E. , Gormley G. , Hughes R. , McCarthy S. , Kirthi S. , Markham T. , Tobin A.‐M. , Murphy M. , Kirby B. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory disease that affects apocrine gland–bearing skin, has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Estimates of the epidemiologic prevalence of HS are highly variable, and clinical data on disease characteristics and patient burden of disease remain limited.ObjectiveThe primary objective of this study was to determine the number of patients with HS attending dermatology clinics in a hospital setting in Ireland (within a 6‐month time period). Secondary objectives included the assessment of disease characteristics and the collection of patient responses on disease burden and work productivity.MethodsThis was an epidemiologic, non‐interventional, cross‐sectional study across four dermatology clinics in Ireland over a 6‐month time period. The disease prevalence was estimated by calculating the percentage of total patients with a diagnosis of HS (the primary population) across the selected sites. Secondary analyses were performed using the full analysis set, which consisted of eligible adults (≥18 years of age) from the primary population who provided informed consent. Data from these analyses are presented as descriptive summary statistics, with the use of an analysis of covariance for continuous endpoints.ResultsThe prevalence of HS across the four selected sites was estimated at 1.4% (95% CI, 1.24–1.62). One hundred and fifty eligible patients comprised the full analysis set. The majority of participants were white (95.3%), female (70.0%), cigarette smokers (56.0%) and overweight or obese (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, 81.8%). Most patients for whom data were available presented with Hurley stage II (50.4%), and more than a third of the full analysis set had a relative with HS (34.7%). Questionnaire responses revealed a profound impact on quality of life, including diminished work productivity and various psychological comorbidities.ConclusionThis study offers insight into the clinical features and disease burden of hidradenitis suppurativa in an Irish population.
The inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria on aflatoxin production and expression of aflR gene in Aspergillus parasiticus
Authors: Ghanbari Rooholla , Molaee Aghaee Ebrahim , Rezaie Sassan , Jahed Khaniki Gholamreza , Alimohammadi Mahmoud , Soleimani Mina , Noorbakhsh Fatemeh 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRecent studies indicated the inhibitory effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from different origins on both fungal growth and aflatoxin production. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and L. delbrueckii subsp. Lactis on Aspergillus parasiticus ATCC15517 growth. Quantification of aflatoxin was performed using high‐performance liquid chromatography technique. Quantitative changes in the expression of the aflR gene were analyzed by measuring the cognate aflR mRNA level with quantitative real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction. Our results demonstrated the inhibitory effect of LAB on A. parasiticus growth at 2 × 103 cfu/ml of L. plantarum and L. delbrueckii subsp. Lactis. Aflatoxin G2 production was significantly inhibited to lower than level of detection. The level of aflR gene expression was considerably decreased after the exposure of fungal cells with used LABs. Assessment of the used LABs on A. parasiticus revealed antifungal properties and effective ability to decrease aflatoxin production.Practical applicationsFungi spoilage is widespread among different types of food that may result in huge amounts of waste and economical lost. In addition, side effects raised by using chemical additives as preservative, are a serious source of health concern. Therefore, natural agents such as lactic acid bacteria which are also commonly used as probiotics in recent years, could play a good role as inhibitors of fungal growth as well as mycotoxin production both in food and feed. Different media like dairy foods and so on, can be formulated with Lactobacillus plantarum and L. delbrueckii subsp. Lactis, to prevent Aspergillus parasiticus growth and mycotoxin excretion. LAB can be added to processed food during inoculation step and even for protection, they can be capsulated with edible materials to improve their efficiency.
Natural and artificial casings as bacteriocin carriers for the biopreservation of meats products
Authors: Rivas Franco Paolo , Cayré María Elisa , Campos Carmen A. , Castro Marcela P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine if natural and artificial casings (ovine, porcine, bovine, collagen, and cellulose casings), serve as carriers for the application of the bacteriocin sakacin G produced by Lactobacillus curvatus ACU‐1. Mode of action of the cell‐free supernatant (CFS) containing the bacteriocin was also studied to determine whether Listeria monocytogenes inhibition could be tantamount to Listeria innocua one. Cylindrical vessels were filled with sterile meat emulsion and were wrapped with the different casings. Half the systems were treated with the CFS containing sakacin G, while the other half was taken as control systems. All systems were inoculated with L. innocua ATCC 33090. L. innocua was able to grow on all the studied casings. Collagen casing treated with CFS inhibited Listeria growth. A bacteriostatic effect was observed in the systems with porcine, ovine, bovine and cellulosic casings treated with CFS. The bacteriocin maintained its activity until the end of the trial. All casings were widely promising as antimicrobial application supports, being effective carriers to be used in a wide range of meat products.Practical applicationsBased on its advantageous characteristics, bacteriocins attracted considerable interest as natural food preservatives to extend shelf life and safety of meat and meat products. The application of sakacin G produced by Lactobacillus curvatus ACU‐1 on different natural and artificial casings would allow the preservation of a wide range of meat products that are stuffed into them, such as several types of sausages, wiener, salami, and mortadella, among others. The major advantage relies on its application, since it is not necessary to modify the production process or add extra wrappings to support the antimicrobial substance.
Environment learning from virtual exploration in individuals with down syndrome: the role of perspective and sketch maps
Authors: Toffalini E. , Meneghetti C. , Carretti B. , Lanfranchi S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundSpatial knowledge about an environment is an important determinant of ability to move effectively within it and of personal autonomy. Individuals with Down's syndrome (DS) have difficulty managing configural visuospatial information.MethodTwenty‐nine individuals with DS and 29 typically developing (TD) children, matched for mental age, learned about environments through virtual exploration using a route or survey view. A sketch map of the environment was or was not presented before exploration. Then the acquisition of configural knowledge (landmark locations) and route retracing were tested.ResultsIndividuals with DS were able to acquire configural knowledge through virtual exploration in all presentation conditions, and generally performed no worse than matched TD children. However, they were not able to benefit from the conditions that facilitated acquisition of configural knowledge in TD children, that is, seeing a sketch map before exploring and exploring in survey (rather than route) view. As regards route retracing, individuals with DS paused more often than controls and tended to travel longer paths, which made them slower overall.ConclusionsDS reduces children's ability to benefit from additional survey information and may be related to difficulty in elaborating configural/simultaneous information.