bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes for 14 consecutive patients with solid pseudopapillary neoplasms who underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Nakamura Yoshiharu , Matsushita Akira , Katsuno Akira , Yamahatsu Kazuya , Sumiyoshi Hiroki , Mizuguchi Yoshiaki , Uchida Eiji 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe postoperative results of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPN), including the effects of spleen‐preserving resection, are still to be elucidated.MethodsOf the 139 patients who underwent laparoscopic pancreatectomy for non‐cancerous tumors, 14 consecutive patients (average age, 29.6 years; 1 man, 13 women) with solitary SPN who underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy between March 2004 and June 2015 were enrolled. The tumors had a mean diameter of 4.8 cm. Laparoscopic spleen‐preserving distal pancreatectomy was performed in eight patients (spleen‐preserving group), including two cases involving pancreatic tail preservation, and laparoscopic spleno‐distal pancreatectomy was performed in six patients (standard resection group).ResultsThe median operating time was 317 min, and the median blood loss was 50 mL. Postoperatively, grade B pancreatic fistulas appeared in two patients (14.3%) but resolved with conservative treatment. No patients had postoperative complications, other than pancreatic fistulas, or required reoperation. The median postoperative hospital stay was 11 days, and the postoperative mortality was zero.None of the patients had positive surgical margins or lymph nodes with metastasis. The median follow‐up period did not significantly differ between the two groups (20 vs 39 months, P = 0.1368). All of the patients are alive and free from recurrent tumors without major late‐phase complications.ConclusionLaparoscopic distal pancreatectomy might be a suitable treatment for patients with SPN. A spleen‐preserving operation is preferable for younger patients with SPN, and this study demonstrated the non‐inferiority of the procedure compared to spleno‐distal pancreatectomy.
Accuracy of Imaging Modalities in Detection of Baffle Leaks in Patients Following Atrial Switch Operation
Authors: Wilhelm Carolyn M. , Sisk Tracey L. , Roble Sharon L. , Chisolm Joanne L. , Janevski Ilija , Cheatham John P. , Cua Clifford L. 
Published: November 2015

AimsPatients with dextro‐transposition of the great arteries (d‐TGA) status post atrial switch operation are vulnerable to complications such as baffle leaks. The best noninvasive imaging modality to detect baffle leaks is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of different noninvasive imaging modalities in the detection of baffle leaks in this population.Methods and ResultsA single center retrospective chart review of atrial switch patients was performed. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value for detecting leaks were calculated for transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) with and without agitated saline, transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) with and without agitated saline, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI). Studies were included if performed within 1 year of catheterization. Angiography via catheterization was used as the gold standard for the detection of baffle leaks. Fifty‐eight atrial switch patients (54 Mustards: four Sennings) from a single pediatric center, undergoing 76 catheterizations, were analyzed. Thirty‐nine catheterizations documented a baffle leak. Overall combination of sensitivity and specificity was better in agitated saline studies (TTE: sensitivity 71.4%, specificity 100%; TEE: sensitivity 100%, specificity 92.3%) versus nonagitated studies (TTE: sensitivity 50.0%, specificity 100%; TEE: sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 77.8%; or cMRI: sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 100%).ConclusionTTE or TEE with agitated saline is superior to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging or nonagitated saline TTE and TEE in detecting baffle leaks in atrial switch patients. Agitated saline studies should be performed in this population when looking for baffle leaks.
Temperature driven changes in the diet preference of omnivorous copepods: no more meat when it's hot?
Authors: Boersma Maarten , Mathew K. Avarachen , Niehoff Barbara , Schoo Katherina L. , Franco‐Santos Rita M. , Meunier Cédric L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractHerbivory is more prevalent in the tropics than at higher latitudes. If differences in ambient temperature are the direct cause for this phenomenon, then the same pattern should be visible in a seasonal gradient, as well as in experiments manipulating temperature. Using 15N stable isotope analyses of natural populations of the copepod Temora longicornis we indeed observed seasonal differences in the trophic level of the copepod and a decrease in trophic level with increasing temperature. In a grazing experiment, with a mixed diet of the cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina and the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina, T. longicornis preferred the cryptophyte at higher temperatures, whereas at lower temperatures it preferred the non‐autotrophic prey. We explain these results by the higher relative carbon content of primary producers compared to consumers, in combination with the higher demand for metabolic carbon at higher temperatures. Thus, currently increasing temperatures may cause changes in dietary preferences of many consumers.
Early dropout prediction using data mining: a case study with high school students
Authors: Márquez‐Vera Carlos , Cano Alberto , Romero Cristobal , Noaman Amin Yousef Mohammad , Mousa Fardoun Habib , Ventura Sebastian 
Published: November 2015

AbstractEarly prediction of school dropout is a serious problem in education, but it is not an easy issue to resolve. On the one hand, there are many factors that can influence student retention. On the other hand, the traditional classification approach used to solve this problem normally has to be implemented at the end of the course to gather maximum information in order to achieve the highest accuracy. In this paper, we propose a methodology and a specific classification algorithm to discover comprehensible prediction models of student dropout as soon as possible. We used data gathered from 419 high schools students in Mexico. We carried out several experiments to predict dropout at different steps of the course, to select the best indicators of dropout and to compare our proposed algorithm versus some classical and imbalanced well‐known classification algorithms. Results show that our algorithm was capable of predicting student dropout within the first 4–6 weeks of the course and trustworthy enough to be used in an early warning system.
Gaming, States, and Tax Revenues—the Tortoise or the Hare: A CGE Comparative Assessment of Casino Resorts and Games‐Only Casinos
Authors: Álvarez‐Martínez María Teresa , Lahr Michael L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractTheoretically speaking, heavy tax rates on gambling should dampen growth of the casino revenues. Indeed, a cursory glance at data across U.S. states suggests that more jobs and income are generated directly by the gaming industry when lower tax rates are applied. Using a detailed computable general equilibrium model, we evaluate the effects of a proposed machine‐based casino on New Jersey's economy as well as on the state's existing set of casino resorts in Atlantic City. We find few winners other than the state's tax coffers.
Characterisation of worldwide Helicobacter pylori strains reveals genetic conservation and essentiality of serine protease HtrA
Authors: Tegtmeyer Nicole , Moodley Yoshan , Yamaoka Yoshio , Pernitzsch Sandy Ramona , Schmidt Vanessa , Traverso Francisco Rivas , Schmidt Thomas P. , Rad Roland , Yeoh Khay Guan , Bow Ho , Torres Javier , Gerhard Markus , Schneider Gisbert , Wessler Silja , Backert Steffen 
Published: November 2015

SummaryHtrA proteases and chaperones exhibit important roles in periplasmic protein quality control and stress responses. The genetic inactivation of htrA has been described for many bacterial pathogens. However, in some cases such as the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori, HtrA is secreted where it cleaves the tumour‐suppressor E‐cadherin interfering with gastric disease development, but the generation of htrA mutants is still lacking. Here, we show that the htrA gene locus is highly conserved in worldwide strains. HtrA presence was confirmed in 992 H. pylori isolates in gastric biopsy material from infected patients. Differential RNA‐sequencing (dRNA‐seq) indicated that htrA is encoded in an operon with two subsequent genes, HP1020 and HP1021. Genetic mutagenesis and complementation studies revealed that HP1020 and HP1021, but not htrA, can be mutated. In addition, we demonstrate that suppression of HtrA proteolytic activity with a newly developed inhibitor is sufficient to effectively kill H. pylori, but not other bacteria. We show that Helicobacter htrA is an essential bifunctional gene with crucial intracellular and extracellular functions. Thus, we describe here the first microbe in which htrA is an indispensable gene, a situation unique in the bacterial kingdom. HtrA can therefore be considered a promising new target for anti‐bacterial therapy.
A cross‐sectional survey of 5‐year‐old children with non‐syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate: the Cleft Care UK study. Part 1: background and methodology
Authors: Persson M. , Sandy J. R. , Waylen A. , Wills A. K. , Al‐Ghatam R. , Ireland A. J. , Hall A. J. , Hollingworth W. , Jones T. , Peters T. J. , Preston R. , Sell D. , Smallridge J. , Worthington H. , Ness A. R. 
Published: November 2015

Structured AbstractObjectivesWe describe the methodology for a major study investigating the impact of reconfigured cleft care in the United Kingdom (UK) 15 years after an initial survey, detailed in the Clinical Standards Advisory Group (CSAG) report in 1998, had informed government recommendations on centralization.Setting and Sample PopulationThis is a UK multicentre cross‐sectional study of 5‐year‐olds born with non‐syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate. Children born between 1 April 2005 and 31 March 2007 were seen in cleft centre audit clinics.Materials and MethodsConsent was obtained for the collection of routine clinical measures (speech recordings, hearing, photographs, models, oral health, psychosocial factors) and anthropometric measures (height, weight, head circumference). The methodology for each clinical measure followed those of the earlier survey as closely as possible.ResultsWe identified 359 eligible children and recruited 268 (74.7%) to the study. Eleven separate records for each child were collected at the audit clinics. In total, 2666 (90.4%) were collected from a potential 2948 records. The response rates for the self‐reported questionnaires, completed at home, were 52.6% for the Health and Lifestyle Questionnaire and 52.2% for the Satisfaction with Service Questionnaire.ConclusionsResponse rates and measures were similar to those achieved in the previous survey. There are practical, administrative and methodological challenges in repeating cross‐sectional surveys 15 years apart and producing comparable data.
The Cleft Care UK study. Part 4: perceptual speech outcomes
Authors: Sell D. , Mildinhall S. , Albery L. , Wills A. K. , Sandy J. R. , Ness A. R. 
Published: November 2015

Structured AbstractObjectivesTo describe the perceptual speech outcomes from the Cleft Care UK (CCUK) study and compare them to the 1998 Clinical Standards Advisory Group (CSAG) audit.Setting and sample populationA cross‐sectional study of 248 children born with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, between 1 April 2005 and 31 March 2007 who underwent speech assessment.Materials and methodsCentre‐based specialist speech and language therapists (SLT) took speech audio–video recordings according to nationally agreed guidelines. Two independent listeners undertook the perceptual analysis using the CAPS‐A Audit tool. Intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability were tested.ResultsFor each speech parameter of intelligibility/distinctiveness, hypernasality, palatal/palatalization, backed to velar/uvular, glottal, weak and nasalized consonants, and nasal realizations, there was strong evidence that speech outcomes were better in the CCUK children compared to CSAG children. The parameters which did not show improvement were nasal emission, nasal turbulence, hyponasality and lateral/lateralization.ConclusionThese results suggest that centralization of cleft care into high volume centres has resulted in improvements in UK speech outcomes in five‐year‐olds with unilateral cleft lip and palate. This may be associated with the development of a specialized workforce. Nevertheless, there still remains a group of children with significant difficulties at school entry.
Impact of effective versus sham continuous positive airway pressure on liver injury in obstructive sleep apnoea: Data from randomized trials
Authors: Jullian‐Desayes Ingrid , Tamisier Renaud , Zarski Jean‐Pierre , Aron‐Wisnewsky Judith , Launois‐Rollinat Sandrine H. , Trocme Candice , Levy Patrick , Joyeux‐Faure Marie , Pepin Jean‐Louis 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackground and objectiveObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) could be an independent risk factor for non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurrence and progression. The impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on non‐invasive markers of NAFLD has not been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6–12 weeks of effective CPAP on the FibroMax test (comprising components including the SteatoTest, NashTest and FibroTest) through three randomized sham controlled studies.MethodsThe FibroMax test was performed in 103 obstructive sleep apnoea patients (apnoea + hypopnoea index > 15/h) enrolled in a randomized study comparing sham versus effective CPAP.ResultsAt baseline, 40.4% of patients in the sham CPAP group and 45.5% in the CPAP group exhibited liver steatosis. Furthermore, 39.6% of patients in the sham CPAP group and 58.4% in the CPAP group displayed borderline or possible non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Six to twelve weeks of effective CPAP did not demonstrate any impact on reducing steatosis, NASH or liver fibrosis even after adjustment for gender, BMI, baseline apnoea + hypopnoea index and severity of liver injury.ConclusionA number of non‐invasive markers of liver damage are increased in untreated obstructive sleep apnoea patients, potentially contributing to cardiometabolic risk, but they do not improve after 6–12 weeks of effective CPAP treatment.Clinical trial registration: NCT01196845 (ADISAS), NCT00464659 (MneSAS) and NCT00669695 (StatinflaSAS) at ClinicalTrials.gov.
Heightening Energetic Stress Selectively Targets LKB1-Deficient Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers
Authors: Momcilovic Milica , McMickle Robert , Abt Evan , Seki Atsuko , Simko Sarah A. , Magyar Clara , Stout David B. , Fishbein Michael C. , Walser Tonya C. , Dubinett Steven M. , Shackelford David B. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Inactivation of the LKB1 tumor suppressor is a frequent event in non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) leading to the activation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and sensitivity to the metabolic stress inducer phenformin. In this study, we explored the combinatorial use of phenformin with the mTOR catalytic kinase inhibitor MLN0128 as a treatment strategy for NSCLC bearing comutations in the LKB1 and KRAS genes. NSCLC is a genetically and pathologically heterogeneous disease, giving rise to lung tumors of varying histologies that include adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). We demonstrate that phenformin in combination with MLN0128 induced a significant therapeutic response in KRAS/LKB1–mutant human cell lines and genetically engineered mouse models of NSCLC that develop both adenocarcinomas and SCCs. Specifically, we found that KRAS/LKB1–mutant lung adenocarcinomas responded strongly to phenformin + MLN0128 treatment, but the response of SCCs to single or combined treatment with MLN0128 was more attenuated due to acquired resistance to mTOR inhibition through modulation of the AKT-GSK signaling axis. Combinatorial use of the mTOR inhibitor and AKT inhibitor MK2206 robustly inhibited the growth and viability of squamous lung tumors, thus providing an effective strategy to overcome resistance. Taken together, our findings define new personalized therapeutic strategies that may be rapidly translated into clinical use for the treatment of KRAS/LKB1–mutant adenocarcinomas and squamous cell tumors. Cancer Res; 75(22); 4910–22. ©2015 AACR.
Six new species of Triomicrus Sharp from southern China (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)
Authors: SHEN JIA-WEI , YIN ZI-WEI , LI LI-ZHEN 
Published: November 2015

Seven species of the genus Triomicrus Sharp are recognized in southern China, six of them are described as new: T. acutus and T. nanlingensis Shen & Yin, sp. n. (Guangdong), T. pinnatus Shen & Yin, sp. n. (Guangdong and Hunan), T. cochlis Shen & Yin, sp. n. (Guangdong, Hunan and Guangxi), and T. cavus Shen & Yin, sp. n. and T. longus Shen & Yin, sp. n. (Guangxi). A key for the identification of Triomicrus in southern China is presented.
Bilobate leaves of Bauhinia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Cercideae) from the middle Miocene of Fujian Province, southeastern China and their biogeographic implications
Authors: Lin Yanxiang , Wong William Oki , Shi Gongle , Shen Si , Li Zhenyu 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundMorphological and molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that the pantropical genusBauhiniaL. s.l. (Bauhiniinae, Cercideae, Leguminosae) is paraphyletic and may as well be subdivided into nine genera, includingBauhiniaL. s.s. and its allies. Their leaves are usually characteristic bilobate and are thus easily recognized in the fossil record. This provides the opportunity to understand the early evolution, diversification, and biogeographic history of orchid trees from an historical perspective under the framework of morphological and molecular studies.ResultsThe taxonomy, distribution, and leaf architecture ofBauhiniaand its allies across the world are summarized in detail, which formed the basis for classifying the bilobate leaf fossils and evaluating the fossil record and biogeography ofBauhinia. Two species ofBauhiniaare described from the middle Miocene Fotan Group of Fujian Province, southeastern China.Bauhinia ungulatoidessp. nov. is characterized by shallowly to moderately bilobate, pulvinate leaves with shallowly cordate bases and acute apices on each lobe, as well as paracytic stomatal complexes.Bauhinia fotanaF.M.B. Jacques et al. emend. possesses moderately bilobate, pulvinate leaves with moderately to deeply cordate bases and acute or slightly obtuse apices on each lobe.ConclusionsBilobate leaf fossilsBauhinia ungulatoidesandB. fotanatogether with other late Paleogene – early Neogene Chinese record of the genus suggest thatBauhiniahad been diverse in South China by the late Paleogene. Their great similarities to some species from South America and South Asia respectively imply thatBauhiniamight have undergone extensive dispersals and diversification during or before the Miocene. The fossil record, extant species diversity, as well as molecular phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that the Bauhiniinae might have originated in the Paleogene of low-latitudes along the eastern Tethys Seaway. They dispersed southwards into Africa, migrated from Eurasia to North America via the North Atlantic Land Bridge or floating islands during the Oligocene. Then the genus spread into South America probably via the Isthmus of Panama since the Miocene onward, and underwent regional extinctions in the Boreotropics of mid-high-latitudes during the Neogene climatic cooling. Hence,Bauhiniapresently exhibits a pantropical intercontinental disjunct distribution.
Hippocampal atrophy but not white-matter changes predicts the long-term cognitive response to cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Cheng Yu-Wen , Chen Ta-Fu , Cheng Ting-Wen , Lai Ya-Mei , Hua Mau-Sun , Chen Ya-Fang , Chiu Ming-Jang 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Introduction
This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of predicting the long–term effects of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) with common clinical neuroimaging parameters of Alzheimer’s disease, including medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) and white matter hyperintensity (WMH).

Method
A cohort of 353 patients with very mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease received cholinesterase inhibitors and were followed for a median of 46.6 months. Baseline clinical data, including age, educational level, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Taiwanese Mental State Examination (TMSE), and visual scoring for MTA and WMH were tested as possible predictive factors that influence the survival from a TMSE decline of at least 3 points.

Results
During the follow-up period, 162(46 %) patients had a significant TMSE decline. Patients with age-adjusted prominent MTA had a significantly shorter TMSE-decline free interval than those without (43.4 ± 4.5 months vs. 68.2 ± 9.5 months, log rank test p-value =0.001). However, the severity of WMH does not significantly influence cognitive outcomes. Cox regression analysis identified that younger age at the time of starting ChEI (p < 0.0005) and higher total MTA scores (p = 0.002) predict a more rapid TMSE decline under ChEI therapy.

Conclusions
Younger age at the time of starting ChEI and higher visual scoring of MTA may imply a more advanced Alzheimer’s pathology. WMH load is not a prognostic indicator of treatment response to ChEI.
Photoreceptors at a glance
Authors: Molday Robert S. , Moritz Orson L. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Retinal photoreceptor cells contain a specialized outer segment (OS) compartment that functions in the capture of light and its conversion into electrical signals in a process known as phototransduction. In rods, photoisomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal within rhodopsin triggers a biochemical cascade culminating in the closure of cGMP-gated channels and hyperpolarization of the cell. Biochemical reactions return the cell to its ‘dark state’ and the visual cycle converts all-trans retinal back to 11-cis retinal for rhodopsin regeneration. OS are continuously renewed, with aged membrane removed at the distal end by phagocytosis and new membrane added at the proximal end through OS disk morphogenesis linked to protein trafficking. The molecular basis for disk morphogenesis remains to be defined in detail although several models have been proposed, and molecular mechanisms underlying protein trafficking are under active investigation. The aim of this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster is to highlight our current understanding of photoreceptor structure, phototransduction, the visual cycle, OS renewal, protein trafficking and retinal degenerative diseases.
Meeting report – Getting Into and Out of Mitosis
Authors: Mchedlishvili Nunu , Jonak Katarzyna , Saurin Adrian T 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
The Company of Biologists Workshop ‘Getting Into and Out of Mitosis’ was held 10–13 May 2015 at Wiston House in West Sussex, UK. The workshop brought together researchers from wide-ranging disciplines and provided a forum to discuss their latest work on the control of cell division from mitotic entry to exit. This report highlights the main topics and summarises the discussion around the key themes and questions that emerged from the meeting.