bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Fuller Picture: Evaluating an Art Therapy Programme in a Multi-disciplinary Mental Health Service
Authors: Moss H. , Brady C. , Kelly B. 
Published: June 2017

Art therapy has a long history in mental health care but requires an enhanced evidence based in order to better identify its precise role in contemporary services. This paper describes an evaluation of an art therapy programme in an acute adult psychiatry admission unit in Ireland. A mixed method research design was used. Quantitative data were collected through a survey of 35 staff members and 11 service-users. Qualitative data included free-text comments collected in the survey and individual feedback from service-users. Both methods aimed to assess the role of art therapy as part of a multidisciplinary mental health service. Thematic content analysis was employed to analyse qualitative data. Staff demonstrated overwhelming support for art therapy as one element within multidisciplinary services available to patients in the acute psychiatry setting, qualitative feedback associated art therapy with improvements in quality of life and individual support, and emphasised its role as a nonverbal intervention, especially useful for those who find talking therapy difficult. Creative self-expression is valued by staff and service-users as part of the recovery process. Recommendations arising from the research include continuing the art therapy service, expanding it to include rehabilitation patients, provision of information and education sessions to staff and further research to identify other potential long-term effects. The low response of staff and small sample in this study, however, must be noted as limitations to these findings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Self-stigma and quality of life in outpatients with depressive disorder – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Holubova M. , Prasko J. , Ociskova M. , Marackova M. , Grambal A. , Slepecky M. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundSelf-stigma is a maladaptive psychosocial phenomenon that may disturb many areas of patient's life and have the negative impact on their quality of life. The present study explored the association between self-stigma, quality of life, demographic data, and the severity of symptoms in patients with depressive disorder.MethodPatients, who met ICD-10 research criteria for depressive disorder, were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. All probands completed these measurements: the Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), the Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI), demographic questionnaire, and the severity of the disorder measured by objective and subjective Clinical Global Impression severity scales (CGI).ResultsEighty-one depressive patients (with persistent affective disorder – dysthymia, major depressive disorder or recurrent depressive disorder) and 43 healthy controls contributed to the study. Comparing with the healthy control group, there was a lower quality of life in patients with depression. The level of self-stigma correlated positively with total symptom severity score and negatively with the quality of life. Multiple regression analysis discovered that the overall rating of objective symptoms severity and self-stigma were significantly associated with the quality of life.ConclusionsPresent study suggests the lower quality of life in outpatients with depressive disorder in comparison with healthy controls, and the negative impact of self-stigma level on quality of life in patients suffering from depressive disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale-21 in a Sample of Portuguese Women
Authors: Marques C. , Xavier S. , Azevedo J. , Marques M. , Soares M.J. , Macedo A. , Oliveira A. , Pereira A.T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe postpartum depression screening scale (PDSS; Beck & Gable, 2002) is a widely used measure to assess women's depressive symptoms after their children's birth. Pereira et al. adapted, validated and developed a short-version of PDSS for Portuguese women (PDSS-21).ObjectiveTo examine the factor structure of the PDSS–21, using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in a sample of Portuguese women in the postpartum period.MethodsThe sample was composed of 208 women (mean age = 32.72; SD = 4.49) who completed the PDSS–21 approximately at the 6th week postpartum. CFA was used to test the model suggested by prior exploratory factor analyses of PDSS–21. AMOS software was used.ResultsAfter two items were deleted and some errors were correlated, CFA indicated a good fit for the second-order factor (χ2/df = 1.793; CFI = 0.957; GFI = 0.889, rmsea = 0.062; P [rmsea ≤ 0.05] < 0.056). The 19–item PDSS showed excellent internal consistency (α = 0.92) and the four dimensions presented Cronbach's alphas ranging between good (α = 0.83) and excellent (α = 0.93).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the 19–item PDSS obtained through CFA is a reliable and valid measure to assess depressive symptoms among women in the postpartum period.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Clinical and Psychological Confirmation of Stabilizing Effect of Neurofeedback in Migraine
Authors: Dobrushina O. , Arina G. , Osina E. , Aziatskaya G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionNeurofeedback in migraine aims to improve neurophysiological state, which is linked to psychosomatic, emotional and cognitive regulation. Objective and complex evaluation of neurofeedback effects is feasible.MethodsA single case design cross-over placebo-controlled study with blinded evaluator included 3 females with frequent migraine (N., E., T.), 1 of whom (T.) also had TTH. Study had 4 phases: evaluation (≥ 2 weeks), treatment 1 (5 weeks), treatment 2 (5 weeks), evaluation (≥ 2 weeks). Treatment 1 and 2 included 10 infra-low frequency neurofeedback and 10 sham-neurofeedback sessions at T3T4 site in randomized order. Detailed psychological assessment was performed a baseline, at phase switch and in the end. Every day participants filler a computerized diary about pain, aura, mood, stress, copings. Before each session they received questionnaires “well-being, activity, mood” (rating of the current state between antonym adjectives, in Russian).ResultsThe main finding was reduction of migraine (but not TTH) frequency during real, but not sham neurofeedback phase: 11% vs. 31% days in N. (P = 0.1), 15% vs. 30% days in E. (P = 0.046), T. After the start of neurofeedback had only TTH. Another detected phenomena was reduction of day-to-day shifts in cognitive function domains of “well-being, activity, mood” (easy/difficult to think, attentive/distracted). In N. and E these domains had co-dynamic with mood (good/bad mood, happy/sad), while in T. – with anxiety (tensed/relaxed, nervous/calm).ConclusionInfra-low frequency neurofeedback from interhemispheric site resulted in decrease in migraine frequency and in reduction of shifts in psychological state. Thus, the treatment had multimodal stabilizing effect.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Real Life Consequences of Stigmatization, Misdiagnosis, Misunderstanding, and Mistreatment of Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Porr V. 
Published: June 2017

Undiagnosed and untreated people with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) create a public health drain on mental health treatment. BPD underlies major public health problems including high incidence of substance abuse, alcoholism, domestic violence, impulse control disorders, incarceration, high utilization of emergency rooms and inpatient hospitalizations. Although BPD has a prevalence rate between 2–5.9%, it generally goes misdiagnosed, undiagnosed, stigmatized and mistreated. Amongst American veterans who are suicide attempters and completers, a recent study found 94% meet criteria for BPD. There is rampant professional stigma exists against BPD patients, seen as patients to be “avoided”, “treatment refractory,” “untreatable” and a “liability” due to increased risk of self-injurious and suicidal behavior. This is a contributing factor to misdiagnosis that is the usual experience for BPD patients, resulting in wasted years, hopelessness, chaos, family crises, and severe personal and economic consequences for patients and families. The need for assessing with validated diagnostic instruments to rule out or diagnose BPD, Bipolar Disorder, ADHD, substance abuse and other co-morbid diagnoses as well as the need to diagnosis children and adolescents at the time symptoms first appear will be discussed. Presentation of the shockingly few studies on BPD versus Bipolar will be presented and the consequences of failing to diagnose will be highlighted. Findings from an on-line survey from TARA4BPD, an American education and advocacy organization, will demonstrate the need for clinical education in evidence based BPD treatments, training, and supervision as well as patient and family psycho-education so as to improve outcome will be presented.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Hyperprolactinemia Phenomenon in Neurotic and Personality Disorders and Changes in Prolactin Level After the Psychotherapy
Authors: Rutkowski K. , Dembinska E. , Sobanski J. , Cyranka K. , Citkowska-Kisielewska A. , Mielimaka M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionHyperprolactinemia is a common endocrinological disorder. Some data suggest that psychological factors (e.g. personality traits) may play a role in hyperprolactinemia genesis.ObjectivesIncreased prolactin level (PRL) is described as clinical observations in some patients, usually with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. In the international literature there is lack of broader description and information of clinical implications of this phenomenon.AimThe aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in patients with diagnoses F40-F69 according to ICD-10 and an evaluation of the changes in PRL after psychotherapy.MethodsThe study population comprised 64 patients, mainly females (73%), with primary diagnosis of neurotic or personality disorder. Prolactin level was measured during the first and last week of the psychotherapy. Between the measurements patients underwent intensive short-term (12 weeks) group psychotherapy in a day hospital for neurotic and behavioural disorders.ResultsHyperprolactinemia was found in 41% of males and 42.4% of females in the study group. After psychotherapy significant reduction in prolactin level was observed in 80% of woman with hyperprolactinemia.ConclusionsHyperprolactinemia is observed in almost 40% of patients with neurotic and personality disorders. Psychodynamic psychotherapy can be a significant factor improving PRL level in patients with neurotic and personality disorders, specifically women.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Deficits in Mentalization Predict Suicide Risk Among Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors: Pompili M. , Innamorati M. , Erbuto D. , Amore M. , Girardi P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSuicide is a major public health issue.ObjectivesMentalization is a form of imaginative mental activity about others or oneself that may shed light on the phenomenology of suicide.AimsTo assess the role of a number of variables in suicide risk.MethodsParticipants were 156 (73 men and 83 women) adult psychiatric inpatients (age range = 18/74 year). Most of the patients had a major mood disorder (26.3% BD-I, 3.2% BD-II, and 11.5 MDD), psychosis (16.7%), or a schizoaffective disorder (20.5%). All the patients were administered the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for assessing diagnosis and suicide risk, and the Impact of event scale, Mentalization Questionnaire, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Some patients (18.6%) were admitted for a recent suicide attempt and 34.6% had attempted suicide in the past.ResultsAt the MINI, 44.9% of the patients resulted at a moderate to high risk of suicide, and 55.1% at no or low risk of suicide with no difference for sociodemographic variables (sex and age) and diagnosis, but they differed for mentalization and symptoms of intrusions and avoidance caused by a traumatic event. Groups also did not differ for self-reported childhood trauma. Only mentalization was independently associated with higher suicide risk, and patients with moderate to severe risk of suicide were 1.7 times more likely to report more mentalization deficits than those with no or low risk of suicide.ConclusionsOur study supports the notion that the investigation of mentalization among patients may help in proper assessment of suicide risk.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Alteration of Cerebral Blood Flow Measured with SPECT in Patients with First Episode Psychosis
Authors: Makarić P. , Bošnjak D. , Kekin I. , Jelacic P. , Haupert M. , Đuran N. , Sisek-Šprem M. , Perušić D. , Brečić P. , Petrović R. , Rojnić Kuzman M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSingle-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a valid method for measuring regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Recent studies regarding rCBF in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) reported heterogeneous results, but were limited with small sample size. Neuroimaging can help us in setting the diagnosis of illness, as well as in following the progress and finding more effective treatment for psychotic disorders.ObjectivesTo compare, baseline alterations of the rCBF using SPECT with psychopathological status in FEP during acute phase.AimsTo investigate the changes of rCBF in patients with FEP during acute phase.MethodsWe conducted a study on 40 drug – naïve patients with FEP at acute phase of illness during their hospitalization at Zagreb University hospital centre. The diagnosis was confirmed using diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition. rCBF was measured with SPECT and psychopathological status rated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.ResultsOur findings showed moderate to severe parieto-temporal perfusion deficits, mild to moderate parieto-fronto-temporal perfusion deficits or borderline perfusion deficits in all but one patient.ConclusionOur results showed alteration in rCBF at the beginning of the illness that indicate a biological market of psychotic disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A Randomized Single-blind Placebo Controlled Trial of Memantine, as Addjunctive Therapy for Treatment of Negative Symptoms of Paranoid Schizophrenia
Authors: Osadshiy Y. , Archakov D. , Tarakanova E. 
Published: June 2017

This study analyses the efficiency of memantine–an antagonist of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors–as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of negative symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia. Fifty-two patients (30 males; age 20–50 years) were included with the diagnosis of F20.014 and F20.024 according to the international classification of diseases (version 10). The patients had been receiving neuroleptic monotherapy with a fixed dose for a period of at least 4 weeks prior to randomization. Clinical data were collected 8 weeks after memantine had been introduced as part of the treatment regimen. A patient was considered as responding to treatment if they:– scored 1-2 on the Clinical Global Impression Scale;– showed a greater than 25% reduction of the total score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) or a greater than 20% reduction on the negative subscale of PANSS.Forty-seven patients were randomized: treatment group (neuroleptic + memantine, n = 24), control group (neuroleptic + placebo, n = 23); 44 patients completed the study. Neither memantine nor placebo led to a reliable decrease of negative symptoms, and the groups did not differ from each other. Future studies should pay more attention not only to the treatment of already formed negative and cognitive symptoms, but the prevention of their occurrence. Including through antagonists of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic non-malignant pain–A Danish register-linkage cohort study
Authors: Søndergård S. , Vægter H.B. , Erlangsen A. , Stenager E. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAnxiety and depression disorders are common in patients with chronic pain. Studies using clinical interviews in patients with chronic pain report prevalence rates ranging between 30–54% for depression and 17–29% for anxiety. This is the first study using contacts with a hospital psychiatric ward to investigate prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic pain.ObjectivesEstimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic pain referred for interdisciplinary treatment.AimsTo increase the knowledge about mental disorders and chronic pain in secondary health care.MethodsAll chronic pain patients referred to and treated at an interdisciplinary pain clinic at Odense university hospital, Denmark from 1 Jan 2005–13 Nov 2015 were included as participants. The Danish National Patient Register was used to collect information on contacts with a hospital psychiatric ward 10-year prior to the first contact at the pain clinic due to depression (ICD-10: F32-F33) and/or anxiety (ICD-10: F40-F41).ResultsIn total, 7204 patients (64% women; mean age: 48.2) were included. Altogether, 17.8% (95% CI: 16.9–18.7) of patients had contact to a psychiatric ward. The prevalence of unipolar depression were: 6.1% (95% CI: 5.5–6.6) and anxiety: 2.1% (95% CI: 1.8–2.5), while 0.7% (95% CI: 0.5–0.9) had both depression and anxiety.ConclusionsThe prevalence rates of depression and anxiety noted in this study were lower than those reported in previous studies. A hospital-based diagnosis seems likely to be less frequent than interview-based measures, yet, might have a higher validity due to the clinician-based assessment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Deep brain stimulation and anterior capsulotomy: The question of autonomy
Authors: Raymaekers S. , Van Duppen Z. , Demyttenaere K. , Luyten L. , Gabriels L. , Nuttin B. , Bervoets C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn carefully selected treatment-refractory patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), deep brain stimulation (DBS) or anterior capsulotomy (AC) might be considered as a possible treatment. However, the direct intervention in the brain can raise questions about autonomy. Do patients still feel like they are in control of their actions when their behavior is changed by a surgical intervention?Objective/aimsTo examine in both AC and DBS patients whether these intervention influenced perception of autonomy. We aimed to discover any differences in these perceptions when comparing AC and DBS patients.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with AC and DBS patients. Interviews were recorded digitally and transcribed verbatim. We analyzed interviews in an iterative process based on grounded theory principles.ResultsWe interviewed 10 DBS patients and 6 AC patients. Sense of agency (the awareness that one is the author of his/her own actions) did not seem to be diminished by AC or DBS. However, especially DBS patients are aware of their dependency on a device for their well-being. Another important theme is authenticity (in how far patients perceive their actions and thoughts as matching their self-concept). Feelings of authenticity can be disturbed especially in cases of induced hypomania (for DBS) or apathy (for AC). OCD itself also has an impact on autonomy as patients describe a lack of freedom due to their disorder.ConclusionDespite extensive changes in emotions, behavior and even personal identity after DBS or AC surgery, perceived autonomy was not greatly altered in these OCD patients.Disclosure of interestMedtronic provided grants for research, education, and traveling to B. Nuttin and L. Gabriëls, who hold the Medtronic Chair for Stereotactic Neurosurgery in Psychiatric Disorders at KU Leuven. S. Raymaekers is supported by this Chair. B. Nuttin co-owns a patent on DBS in OCD.
Cognitive dysfunction in depression. Is it well detected?
Authors: Serra-Blasco M. , Aguilar E. , Vicent M. , Navarra G. , Portella M.J. , Figuereo I. , Crivillés S. , Martínez-Amorós E. , Lahera G. , Monreal J.A. , Cardoner N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMajor depression cognitive impairments lasts in remission periods, have an impact on treatment outcome and hamper psychosocial functioning. Thus, its accurate detection and specific treatment has become a crucial step.ObjectivesIn order to assess objective cognitive functioning (OCF), a neuropsychological battery was administered. For subjective cognitive functioning (SCF), cognitive perception was evaluated by clinicians and patients.AimsTo determine the concordance between OCF and SCF.MethodsOne hundred and two patients were grouped according to Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale (HDRS−17): 18 remitters (RE < 7), 40 partly remitters (PR, 7–18) and 44 acutely depressed (AD > 18). OCF was computed combining T-scores of digit symbol substitution test (WAIS-IV) with two RAVLT subtests (learning and memory). SCF was assessed with a CGI adaptation for cognitive disturbances severity.ResultsThe OFC was 41.21(8.49) for all patients and 45.54(6.8), 41.93(6.8) and 38.7 (9.7) for RE, PR, and AD, respectively. Psychiatrist and patients’ SCF had a poor agreement (α=0.518), with Cronbach's alpha for RE, PR and AD of −0.607, 0.518 and 0.404. Concordance between OCF and SCF was calculated for all patients (psychiatrist, r = −0.317, P = 0.002; patient, r = −0.310, P = 0.002), for RE (r = −0.535, P = 0.022; r = 0.395, P = 0.105) for PR (r = −0.013, P = 0.94; r = −0.328, P = 0.045) and for AD (r = −0.252, P = 0.122; r = −0.333, P = 0.033). Patients rated their SFC as more impaired than did clinicians.ConclusionsConcordance between clinicians and patients regarding SCF is very poor, worsening in AD group and being null in remission. This study also points out that CF is best detected by patients in acute episodes and by psychiatrists when patients are in clinical remission.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.