bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An emotional perspective on the Multiple Streams Framework
Authors: Maor Moshe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEmotions are central to human behavior and, consequently, play a significant role in policymaking. While the Multiple Streams Framework (MSF) incorporates the notion of “public mood” into the political stream, this concept primarily focuses on a fleeting, less intense, and diffuse emotional state that is not necessarily linked to a specific triggering event or policy‐related object. To address this limitation, the current article draws on robust findings from political psychology, viewing and interpreting the MSF through an emotional lens. It investigates the intersections between emotions, on the one hand, and the assumptions and structural elements of the MSF, on the other, by sharpening existing concepts—such as the emotional agenda (policy) window, emotional decision window, and emotional policy entrepreneurs—to examine emotionality in policy dynamics. It concludes by discussing how an emotional perspective on the MSF can help scholars generate nuanced hypotheses, overcome the MSF's metaphorical language, and gauge when policy may be in search of a rationale.
A taste for government employment also rests on its political flavor
Authors: Gilad Sharon , Sulitzeanu‐Kenan Raanan , Levi‐Faur David 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe global experience of political polarization, and politicians' attacks on democratic institutions, render individuals' identification with the governing coalition, or with its opposition, a likely antecedent of their attraction to work in government. This article examines to what extent individuals' partisan alignment with the governing coalition, and perceptions of its actions as a threat to democracy, shapes attraction to government jobs. Findings are based on a two‐stage survey with 1861 Israeli panel respondents, aged 21–30, carried out during the government's attempt to undermine the legal system (hereafter: the Judicial Overhaul), and a follow‐up survey experiment with 1211 of the respondents. Against the politically neutral explanations of previous research, we show that partisan alignment affects the propensity to choose a job in a government ministry versus other sectors. We find mixed evidence in support of the proposition that perceptions of the Judicial Overhaul as a threat to democracy underlie this effect.
Conversational silence, reconsidered
Authors: Klieber Anna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn ‘Conversational Pressure. Normativity in Speech Exchanges’ (2020), Sanford Goldberg discusses the significance of conversational silence, arguing that, absent certain defeating conditions, we have a general entitlement to assume that somebody who remains silent in a conversation doesn't reject what was said. Call this ‘No‐Silent‐Rejection’ (NSR). I reconsider Goldberg's account of conversational silence by arguing that silence cannot be explained via a universal claim like NSR: I show that there are at least some examples where, absent defeating conditions, silence doesn't communicate assent—argue that my account of silent conversational implicature can meet and better capture the complexity of silences.
Introduction of 7‐day amotosalen/ultraviolet A light pathogen‐reduced platelets in Honduras: Impact on platelet availability in a lower middle‐income country
Authors: Pedraza Marcelo , Mejia Julio , Pitman John P. , Arriaga Glenda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHonduras became the first lower middle‐income country (LMIC) to adopt amotosalen/UVA pathogen‐reduced (PR) platelet concentrates (PCs) as a national platelet safety measure in 2018. The Honduran Red Cross (HRC) produces ~70% of the national platelet supply using the platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) method. Between 2015 and 2018, PCs were screened with bacterial culture and issued as individual, non‐pooled PRP units with weight‐based dosing and 5‐day shelf‐life. PR PCs were produced in six‐PRP pools with a standardized dose (≥3.0 × 1011), no bacterial screening and 7‐day shelf‐life. Gamma irradiation and leukoreduction were not used.Materials and MethodsPC production and distribution data were retrospectively analysed in two periods. Period 1 (P1) included 3 years of PRP PCs and a transition year (2015–18). Period 2 (P2) included 5 years of PR PCs (2019–23). PC doses were standardized to an equivalent adult dose for both periods. Descriptive statistics were calculated.ResultsHRC produced 10% more PC doses per year on average in P2 compared to P1. Mean annual waste at HRC declined from 23.9% in P1 to 1.1% in P2. Two urban regions consumed 96% of PC doses in P1 and 88.3% in P2. PC distributions increased in 14/18 regions.ConclusionStandardized dosage, PR and 7‐day shelf‐life increased PC availability, reduced waste, eliminated bacterial screening and avoided additional costs for arboviral testing, leukoreduction and irradiation. Access to PC transfusion remains limited in Honduras; however, the conversion to pooled PR PCs illustrates the potential to sustainably expand PC distribution in an LMIC.
Epidemiological Study of Track-and-Field Meets On-Field Medical Care
Authors: Hiroshige Yosuke , Watanabe Hodaka , Tomiyama Shinji , Kato Hajime 
Published: October 2024

Background: Most epidemiological studies on track-and-field meets have been limited to the Olympics and world championships. These are meets in which only high-performance athletes participate at a certain time of the year. In contrast, epidemiological studies on athletes of various ages and across different seasons may provide health care providers with valuable insights into injury prevention and on-field medical care. The study aims to determine the trends and locations of injuries during track-and-field meets in athletes of various ages and seasons based on on-field medical care records. Methods: The number and incidence of injuries requiring on-field medical care during or after the event were obtained from 39 track-and-field meets. Injuries were defined as cases that required on-field medical care. The incidence was defined as the number of injuries per 1000 athlete exposures wherein 1 athlete exposure is the athlete’s participation in one event. We also recorded the number of injuries at each location and whether transportation to a medical station was required. Results: A total of 191 injuries were reported. This study identified a population with a high incidence of injury (middle- and long-distance events, combined events, and athletes over the age of 19), areas within the stadium where injuries were more likely to occur (finish line and first turn), and a high rate of transport to the medical station (approximately 70%); most of them were transported to wheelchairs. Conclusion: The results provide insights into the trends, locations, and transport of injured athletes during track-and-field meets. Professionals will better understand the injuries occurring during track-and-field meets and can improve the efficiency of on-field medical care activities. They will also assist organizers in track-and-field meets to improve the safety of their meet operations.
A
Vibrio cholerae
anti-phage system depletes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to restrict virulent bacteriophages
Authors: Woldetsadik Yishak A. , Lazinski David W. , Camilli Andrew 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Bacteria and their predatory viruses (bacteriophages or phages) are in a perpetual molecular arms race. This has led to the evolution of numerous phage defensive systems in bacteria that are still being discovered, as well as numerous ways of interference or circumvention on the part of phages. Here, we identify a unique molecular battle between the classical biotype of
Vibrio cholerae
and virulent phages ICP1, ICP2, and ICP3. We show that classical biotype strains resist almost all isolates of these phages due to a 25-kb genomic island harboring several putative anti-phage systems. We observed that one of these systems, Nezha, encoding SIR2
-
like and helicase proteins, inhibited the replication of all three phages. Bacterial SIR2-like enzymes degrade the essential metabolic coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD
+
), thereby preventing replication of the invading phage. In support of this mechanism, we identified one phage isolate, ICP1_2001, which circumvents Nezha by encoding two putative NAD
+
regeneration enzymes. By restoring the NAD
+
pool, we hypothesize that this system antagonizes Nezha without directly interacting with its proteins and should be able to antagonize other anti-phage systems that deplete NAD
+
.

IMPORTANCE

Bacteria and phages are in a perpetual molecular arms race, with bacteria evolving an extensive arsenal of anti-phage systems and phages evolving mechanisms to overcome these systems. This study identifies a previously uncharacterized facet of the arms race between
Vibrio cholerae
and its phages. We identify an NAD
+
-depleting anti-phage defensive system called Nezha, potent against three virulent phages. Remarkably, one phage encodes proteins that regenerate NAD
+
to counter the effects of Nezha. Without Nezha, the NAD
+
regeneration genes are detrimental to the phage. Our study provides new insight into the co-evolutionary dynamics between bacteria and phages and informs the microbial ecology and phage therapy fields.
Retinol-binding protein 4 is a potential biomarker of changes in lean mass in postmenopausal women
Authors: Freitas Augusto Corrêa de Queiroz , Orsatti Cláudio Lera , Santato Alexia Souza , de Oliveira Erick P. , Nahas Eliana A. P. , Souza Markus Vinicius Campos , Orsatti Fábio Lera 
Published: October 2024

Identifying biomarkers can help in the early detection of muscle loss and drive the development of new therapies. Research suggests a potential link between retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and muscle mass, particularly in postmenopausal women. This study aimed to examine the association between baseline RBP4 levels and changes in appendicular lean mass (ALM), an indicator of muscle mass, in postmenopausal women. A 12-month follow-up period ( n = 153) included baseline and 12-month ALM assessments using DXA. ALM was normalized to squared height (ALMI). Baseline evaluations encompassed insulin resistance via HOMA-IR and immunoassay magnetic bead panel measurements of RPB4, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10. Postmenopausal women were categorized into higher ( n = 77) and lower ( n = 76) RPB4 groups based on baseline RPB4 values. Their changes in ALMI were compared using Mann–Whitney tests. General linear model was employed to evaluate the predictive power of baseline RBP4 for ALMI changes, adjusting for confounding variables: age, physical activity, smoking status, body fat, HOMA-IR, inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-6), and anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10). The higher RBP4 group exhibited a more pronounced reduction in ALMI compared to the lower RBP4 group (Higher RBP4 = −0.39 kg/m2, 95% CI: −0.48 to −0.31 kg/m2vs. Lower RBP4 = −0.24 kg/m2, 95% CI: −0.32 to −0.15 kg/m2, P = 0.011). After adjusting for confounding factors, the association between baseline RBP4 changes and ALMI remained ( b = −0.008, SE = 0.002, P < 0.001), indicating higher baseline RBP4 values linked to greater ALMI reduction. Our findings support RBP4 as a potential biomarker for changes in muscle mass in postmenopausal women.
NuTag: a proof-of-concept study for a long-baseline neutrino beam
Authors: Baratto-Roldán A. , Perrin-Terrin M. , Parozzi E. G. , Jebramcik M. A. , Charitonidis N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study of neutrino oscillation at accelerators is limited by systematic uncertainties, in particular on the neutrino flux, cross section, and energy estimates. These systematic uncertainties could be eliminated by a novel experimental technique: neutrino tagging. This technique relies on a new type of neutrino beamline and its associated instrumentation which would enable the kinematic reconstruction of the neutrinos produced in
"Image missing" and
"Image missing" decays. This article presents a proof-of-concept study for such a tagged beamline, aiming to serve a long-baseline neutrino experiment exploiting a megaton scale natural water Cherenkov detector. After optimising the target and the beamline optics to first order, a complete Monte Carlo simulation of the beamline has been performed. The results show that the beamline provides a meson beam compatible with the operation of the spectrometer, and delivers a neutrino flux sufficient to collect neutrino samples with a size comparable with similar experiments and with other un-tagged long-baseline neutrino experimental proposals.
Clinical Outcome of Endoscopically Assisted Mini-open Carpal Tunnel Release
Authors: IIJIMA Junichi , TAJIRI Yasuto 
Published: October 2024

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can be treated surgically. Although the minimally invasive open surgical method is widely used, it is not possible to directly visualise the entire length of the carpal tunnel, especially the proximal end, which is on the side away from the skin incision. In this study, we performed a mini-open carpal tunnel release with endoscopic assistance to release the entire length of the carpal tunnel under direct vision and investigated the treatment outcomes. Methods: The surgical method included an incision of ≤2 cm in the palm, cutting of the transverse carpal ligament under direct vision and cutting of the forearm fascia under endoscopic vision. A uniquely designed sheath was used for the endoscopic resection. We investigated the sex, age, medical history, symptoms, examination findings, anaesthesia method, operation time, thenar motor branch variation, postoperative complications, presence or absence of pillar pain and final examination findings of the target patients. Results: A total of 100 hands (85 patients) were included. Anatomical variations of the thenar motor branches were observed in 19 hands. At the final follow-up, hand numbness improved in all patients, while mild numbness was observed in 25 hands. The abductor pollicis brevis muscle improved in all patients with paresis, but 8 of the 27 hands remained completely paralysed. Pillar pain was observed in 36 hands at 8 weeks postoperative, but the condition improved in all patients. The clinical outcomes of this study were good with no cases of major complications or reoperation. Conclusions: The minimally invasive open surgical method described here can be reliably used to release the forearm fascia proximal to the carpal tunnel. The thenar motor branch can also be confirmed under direct visualisation, making it a relatively safe and useful approach. Level of Evidence: Level Ⅳ (Therapeutic)
Protocol to Develop a Core Outcomes Set for Peripheral Nerve Injury
Authors: DY Christopher J. , HOROWITZ Roy S. , BROGAN David M. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Advances in treatment philosophies and microsurgical techniques for peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) have led to improved outcomes. However, lack of standardisation in the evaluation of clinical outcomes after PNI treatment precludes the ability to compare reconstruction methods, such as nerve transfer, nerve grafting, free functioning muscle transfers and tendon transfers. To this end, our goal is to work collaboratively to establish a core outcome set to evaluate outcomes after PNI. Methods: The protocol for this arc of work, delineated in this manuscript, consists of two phases: (1) conducting a systematic review of how outcomes are currently reported following PNI and (2) a Delphi process to gain consensus on the measures to include in the core outcome set for PNI. In the Delphi process, two online rounds will be used to gather consensus on the importance of each outcome measure. A final round will be conducted in person to discuss and resolve measures for which there is not yet consensus and to finalise the core outcomes set. Conclusions: Through this process, a common standard for reporting outcomes after PNI will be created, facilitating collaboration and future research.
Students Report from ACM Multimedia 2022
Authors: Yamakata Yoko 
Published: October 2024

ACM Multimedia 2022 was held in a hybrid format in Lisbon, Portugal from October 10-14, 2022.
This was the first local participation in three years for many participants, as the strict travel restrictions associated with Covid-19 in 2020 and 2021 made it difficult to participate locally by travelling out of the host and neighbouring countries.
In Portugal, the Covid-19 restrictions were almost lifted, and the city was bustling with tourists. Participants were careful to avoid infectious diseases and enjoyed Lisbon's local wine "Vinho Verde" and cod dishes with their colleagues and engaged in lively discussions about multimedia research.
For many students, this was their first time presenting at an international conference, and it was a wonderful experience.
To encourage student authors to participate on-site, SIGMM has sponsored a group of students with Student Travel Grant Awards. Students who wanted to apply for this travel grant needed to submit an online form before the submission deadline. The selected students received either 1,000 or 2,000 USD to cover their airline tickets as well as accommodation costs for this event. Of the recipients, 25 were able to attend the conference. We asked them to share their unique experience attending ACM Multimedia 2022. In this article, we share their reports of the event.
Lithiophilic Protective Dual Layer Enabling Stable Electrodeposition of Lithium at High Current Density
Authors: Choi Hee-Joo , Kim Ji-Wan , Bae Hongyeul , Kim Jinhong , Kim Dong-Won 
Published: October 2024

Lithium (Li) is an ideal anode material for rechargeable batteries and thus manufacturing Li metal is crucial for the practical development of Li metal batteries. Electrodeposition is an efficient technique for producing ultrathin and scalable Li metal electrodes. However, the dendritic growth and the side reactions of Li with electrolyte during the electrodeposition are the main obstacles to overcome. In this study, we designed a pre-coated protective dual layer (PDL) composed of a poly(ethylene oxide)-based solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) and a polydopamine-coated cellulose membrane (PD-CM). The adhesive and ion-conductive SPE layer suppressed the growth of Li dendrites and side reactions with liquid electrolyte. The PD-CM layer with high porosity and lithiophilicity promoted a facile and uniform Li-ion flux. By applying the pre-coated PDL, Li was uniformly electrodeposited on the Ag-coated Cu at a high current density of 6 mA cm−2. The Li/LiFePO4 cell composed of an electrodeposited Li anode with PDL and a LiFePO4 cathode was assembled without an additional separator, and its cycling performance was evaluated. The cell initially delivered a high discharge capacity of 154.8 mAh g−1 at 45 °C and exhibited excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 97.0% after 200 cycles.
Association of Serum Levels of Terpenes With Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Adults
Authors: Zhou Jianmei , Zhou Rongfang , Lv Xiaoling , Zhang Jing , Qiao Wei , Mao Genxiang , Wu Qing 
Published: October 2024

Aim: Environmental exposure constitutes a significant determinant in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Nevertheless, the contribution of environmental factors to MetS remains ambiguous. The present study was aimed at investigating the correlation between serum terpenes and the risk of MetS in the general population.Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted among 1266 individuals from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Serum terpenes and MetS risk were analyzed using a weighted logistic regression model. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was utilized to explore the relationship between the mixture of serum terpenes and MetS. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) method was employed to assess the dose–response relationship between them. All data and analyses were conducted using the “Survey” package in R software (Version 4.3.2).Results: The study population, with an average age of 46.82 ± 0.46 years and a body mass index (BMI) of 28.97 kg/m2, consisted of 48.15% males and 67.99% Whites. Among the participants, 35.78% were diagnosed with MetS. The weighted logistic regression showed that tertiles of serum levels of α‐pinene, β‐pinene, and limonene were positively correlated with MetS risk with a OR value of 1.90 (1.14, 3.16), 2.02 (1.23, 3.31), and 2.35 (1.33, 4.13) and elevated triglycerides (TGs) with a OR of 2.36 (1.63, 3.43), 3.51 (2.30, 5.38), and 3.96 (2.55, 6.15) (all ptrend < 0.05). The WQS regression indicated a positive association between serum terpene mixture and MetS risk (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.18–2.3), increased TG (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.94–3.71), and reduced high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.03–2.07) (all ptrend < 0.01). The RCS analysis further supported the dose–response relationship.Conclusion: This study suggested potential adverse effects of terpene exposure on human health, emphasizing the importance of environmental interventions in maintaining health.
Improved Uptake and Adherence to Risk-Reducing Medication with the Use of Low-Dose Tamoxifen in Patients at High Risk for Breast Cancer
Authors: Cornell Lauren F. , Klassen Christine L. , Ghosh Karthik , Ball Colleen , Advani Pooja , Pruthi Sandhya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Women at increased risk for breast cancer may benefit from taking risk-reducing medication (RRM) with tamoxifen (tam). Historical uptake of tam in women who qualify has been low. Recent studies have shown low-dose tam to have similar efficacy to standard dosing, with lower risk for adverse events. In this study, we aimed to evaluate uptake, adherence, and tolerability of low-dose tam in women at increased risk for breast cancer and those with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). In this two-site prospective study, women who qualified for breast cancer RRM were offered participation and received consultation with a breast specialist for discussion of RRM rationale, benefits, side effects, and risks. Patients received baseline and 1-year follow-up surveys. A total of 41 patients consented for participation, and 31 completed 1-year follow-up. After initial consultation, 90% (n = 37) reported good/complete understanding of breast cancer risk. Of patients included in 1-year follow-up, 5 had DCIS, 13 had high-risk intraepithelial lesion, and 13 qualified based on Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool/International Breast Intervention Study calculation. Furthermore, 74% (n = 23) of patients reported that they took low-dose tam after consultation, with 78.2% (n = 18) of those still taking medication at 1 year. Patients who continued medication had higher estimated breast cancer risk compared with those who discontinued (International Breast Intervention Study 10-year risk, 12.7% vs. 7.6%; P = 0.027). All patients with DCIS initiated low-dose tam, and only one patient with DCIS had discontinued at 1 year. Uptake of low-dose tam after informed discussion is high. Adherence and tolerability at 1-year follow-up improved compared with those with traditional dosing of tam.
Prevention Relevance: tam has been used extensively for breast cancer prevention in high-risk women. Historical uptake has been low because of concern for side effects and poor tolerability. Herein, we demonstrate that in the clinical setting, effective patient education and offering of a low-dose option can improve uptake in this high-risk population.
See related Spotlight, p. 545