bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Septoplasty techniques- conventional versus endoscopic: our experience
Authors: Rajguru Renu , Singh Inderdeep , Galagali J. R. , Singh Anubhav 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Deviated nasal septum is one of the most common disorders in human beings, which may lead to symptoms of nasal obstruction, headache, epistaxis, hyposmia, and post nasal drip. DNS correction may also be required to gain access during intranasal procedures like endoscopic sinus surgery, endoscopic dacryocystor-hinostomy and skull base surgery. The technique of septoplasty has evolved over the decades with a tendency towards more conservative and precise surgery. Over the last few decades endoscopic septoplasty has become increasingly popular.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a cross-sectional comparative study done to compare the efficacy of endoscopic septoplasty with conventional septoplasty, conducted at a tertiary care centre over a period of 3 years. Records of 100 patients of nose and PNS disorders with DNS who were operated either by conventional or by endoscopic technique were studied. The patients were studied for the improvement in their symptoms, anatomical correction and intra-operative/post-operative complications. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Endoscopic septoplasty group patients showed better symptomatic relief, lesser incidence of residual anterior /posterior deviation and persistent spur and less complications as compared to the conventional septoplasty group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In our study we found more clientele satisfaction and lesser rate of complications in endoscopic septoplasty group. We recommend all ENT specialists to be trained in nasal endoscopic septoplasty technique as it offers many advantages such as more precision in post nasal spurs with less flap tears, it can be tailor made according to the disease and can be combined with various endoscopic surgeries.</p>
A study on presentation, etiology, complications and management of deep neck space infections: our experience
Authors: Khokle Pradip , Lahane Vaibhav J. , Mishra Swati , Choudhary Moinnudin 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> To analyze our experience in presentation, etiology, complications and difficulties encountered in diagnosis and management of deep neck space infections.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 52 cases of deep neck space infections were analyzed within the period of November 2013 to November 2015 in ENT OPD at GMC Latur. Patients with airway compromise or in failures were managed with intubation or tracheostomy. All patients were investigated with detail history, hematological and radiological investigations like X- Ray, USG or CT scan. Although all patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics, surgical drainage was the definitive management. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Study includes 29 males and 23 females. Neck pain was most common presentation in 90.38% with airway compromise being most common complication. Submandibular (34.61%) and peritonsillar (21%) space were commonly involved with odontogenic and upper airway infections being leading causes. Diabetes was common comorbidity found among patients. <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> being common isolate (<em>Klebsiella</em> in diabetics). Surgical drainage with antibiotics as per culture sensitivity was treatment modality of choice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Early diagnosis and appropriate management is key for better outcome. Odontogenic etiology being most common correlates well with poor oral hygiene and tobacco chewing. Surgical drainage and antibiotics are the treatment modalities. Complications and associated comorbidities affect the course of DNSI and hence require appropriate management. </p>
Clinico-pathological spectrum of sinonasal masses: a tertiary care hospital experience
Authors: Maheshwari Abhishek , Bansal Anshul 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Sinonasal masses (SNM) are a fairly common clinical entity that occurs amongst patients of all age groups. There symptoms and signs frequently overlap, hence a diagnostic dilemma exists. A correct diagnosis is prudent for instituting correct treatment and expecting recovery. The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to decipher and study the various pathologies that present as sinonasal masses.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective analysis done on 80 patients of SNM who presented to the Department of ENT, Subharti Medical College and Hospital, Meerut from May 2016 to April 2017. Their biodata, clinical profile and histolopathological diagnosis were analyzed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> SNM were male predominant and were non-neoplastic in 53 cases (66.25%). Nasal obstruction was the most common presenting feature (71 cases, 88.75%). Nasal polyps are the most commonly encountered SNM. Non-neoplastic SNM were common in the age group of 11 to 40 years. Benign SNM were common during the 2<sup>nd</sup> to 4<sup>th</sup> decade of life, while malignant SNM were common from 5<sup>th</sup> decade onwards.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> SNM constitute a very wide spectrum of differential diagnoses. They have a male predominance and majority are non-neoplastic. Nasal polyps are the most commonly encountered SNM, seen during 2<sup>nd</sup> to 4<sup>th</sup> decade of life, while squamous cell carcinoma is the most commonly encounterd malignancy, generally from 5<sup>th</sup> decade onwards. Surgery is the treatment of choice.</p>
A study on paediatric stridor causes and management: case series
Authors: Selvam D. K. , Vikram V. J. , Saktheeswaran M , M P Mohammed Irfad 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Stridor is one of the life threatening symptoms presenting to the Emergency Department. Stridor is a sign of airway obstruction, so it demands immediate attention and thorough evaluation to uncover the precise underlying cause. This study on paediatric stridor is to find the causes of stridor in paediatric age group are to identify the cause to initiate treatment of stridor, suggest an approach to evaluate and manage the underlying cause.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Retrospective study of series 515 cases<strong> </strong>in paediatric age group<strong>,</strong> below 12 years of age presenting with respiratory distress to the Emergency department/ENT department. The primary management was to maintain the airway in all cases. Intravenous line established intravenous fluid/antibiotics /steroids/racemic adrenaline, followed by history of the respiratory distress from the parents/ caretakers. Then according to the provisional diagnosis evaluation is done by radiological investigation/ endoscopy. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Laryngomalacia was the most common cause of infant stridor in less than one year of age in 348 cases, while Foreign body aspiration is the most common cause of stridor in age group one to 12 years in 122 cases. 358 cases (69%) were treated conservatively and cause related management was done in 157 (31%). Endoscopy and imaging offers the best methods in evaluating and treatment of pediatric stridor.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong>The management of stridor in pediatric age group is a team work of ENT surgeons, Pediatrician, Pediatric surgeons, anaesthetist. The airway maintenance is the main management followed by ENT examination, evaluation by imaging, endoscopy and treatment of the cause. We follow the airway management algorithm in order to evaluate the child for diagnosis of the cause for treatment and successful outcomes of stridulous pediatric patients. <p> </p>
Drug utilization pattern in ENT OPD of government tertiary care teaching hospital in Raigarh
Authors: Y. Kishore Kumar , Cheekavolu Chakrapani , Obulesu G. 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The prospective, observational study was designed to assess the prescribing pattern of drug usage in ENT outpatient department in various diseases conditions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Medication utilization Form has been designed based on a WHO format. The patient’s details including patient particulars, diagnosis, investigations, drug details and information regarding the indication for prescribing agents. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Total 200 prescriptions were analysed, 70% were males and 30 % were females, respectively. The most common disease reported was CSOM in 31 (15.5 %) patients followed by otitis externa 25 (12.5%), pharyngitis 21 (10.5%), URTI patients 20 (10.0%). Antibiotics used were: amoxicillin-clavulanate 200 (57.3%), cefixime 37 (10.6%), levofloxacin 34 (9.74%), cefixime clavulanate 30 (8.59%), cefuroxime 13 (3.72%). The most commonly used NSAID are diclofenac and paracetamol.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Prescribing pattern of usage of antibiotics are more compared to other drugs, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid are most commonly prescribed antibiotics in various ENT diseases, usage of brand name are higher than the generic name. </p>
A comparative study of endoscopic versus conventional septoplasty: an analysis of 50 cases
Authors: Chandra Sagar , Baisakhiya Nitish 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal obstruction is the most common complaint in ENT practice. Surgical correction of deviated nasal septum has been performed by a variety of techniques of which sub mucous resection and Septoplasty procedures of surgical correction of nasal septum play a prime role in management of patients of nasal obstruction. Nasal endoscope is very useful tool to visualize posterior part of septum and do the surgery more precisely and with less complication as compare to conventional method. The objectives of the study were to compare the outcomes of conventional and endoscopic septoplasty, to evaluate the advantages, disadvantages and complications of both endoscopic and conventional<strong> </strong>septoplasty</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 50 cases (between (Oct. 2014 - March 2016) of deviated nasal septum selected in this prospective study and they were randomly divided equally in 2 groups for endoscopic (A) and conventional (B) septoplasty respectively. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The study included 50 cases. Majority of patients in this study were males 84% (n=42) and 16% (n=18) were female. 46% (n=23) patients had DNS to right side and 54% (n=27) patients had left side, anterior deviation (48%). C and S shaped deviations (14%). Spur was present in 22% (n=11) of cases and 10% (n=5) patients presented with thickening. After completing 2 months of follow up 92% (n=23) of group A and 88% (n=22) of group B were relieved from nasal discharge, while nasal obstruction was absent in 96% (n=24) patients of group A and 80% (n= 20) of group B. 4% cases (n=1) in endoscopic septoplasty was having persistent deviated nasal septum and 16% (n=4) patients of conventional septoplasty belong to this group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Endoscopic septoplasty has an obvious edge over the conventional approach due to better illumination which enables to identify the pathology accurately, excise the deviated part of septum precisely and realignment of the cartilage for best results.</p>
Comparative evaluation of surgical and audiological outcomes in patients of chronic suppurative otitis media with dry ear treated by myringoplasty with or without simple mastoidectomy
Authors: Kaur Amanjot , M.K. Vinod , Singh Jagdeepak , Singh Baldev , . Priyanka , Kaur Simranjit 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The study was conducted to compare and evaluate surgical and audiological outcomes in patients of chronic suppurative otitis media with dry ear treated by myringoplasty with or without simple mastoidectomy. Prospective, open label, randomized, comparative study, conducted in the Department of ENT, Ram Lal Eye and ENT hospital, Government Medical College Amritsar, Punjab, India.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study comprised of 40 patients aged between 15 to 50 years having CSOM (safe type) with dry ears for the last 3 months. Patients were randomly divided into Group A<strong> </strong>treated with<strong> </strong>myringoplasty alone and Group B with standard simple mastoidectomy along with<strong> </strong>myringoplasty using temporalis fascia graft by underlay technique. Patients also subjected to routine hematological, biochemical, radiological and audiological investigation. The audiological comparison done before and after surgery. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> It was observed that graft uptake rate was better in group B. The average gain in air conduction threshold was more in patients who had undergone myringoplasty along with simple mastoidectomy. However this was not statistically significant. There was no significant improvement observed in the AB Gap in our patients who underwent myringoplasty or simple mastoidectomy along with myringoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Hypocellularity of the mastoid process has a strong correlation with the tubotympanic type of CSOM. Addition of mastoidectomy to simple myringoplasty has a very little beneficial effect on the postoperative hearing gain and graft uptake as it showed no much statistical significance.</p>
A comprehensive study of oesophageal foreign bodies
Authors: De Sa Carnegie J. A. , Goel H. C. 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Various foreign bodies of respiratory and food passage are enlisted. Nature of foreign bodies their presentation, management and complications are discussed.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 200 consecutive cases of foreign bodies in the oesophagus which were admitted in a tertiary care hospital are included in the study. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Most of the ingested foreign bodies managed with oesophagoscopy except three cases of denture.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Children below 10 years of age are the commonest candidates prone to ingest foreign bodies. The coins are the most frequently ingested foreign bodies. Though most of the foreign bodies can be managed safely with oesophagoscopy, yet one has to be careful while removing sharp foreign bodies like dentures etc. </p>
Versatility of the submental island flap in head and reconstruction
Authors: Katre Mahendra I. , Keche Prashant , Gaikwad Arvind , Deshmukh Sunil 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Head neck cancer is major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. India has one of the highest incidences of oral cancer and accounts for about 30% of all new cases annually. Ablative surgery is main stay of treatment which is followed by reconstructive surgery. Microvascular surgery revolutionized onco-reconstruction which requires great expertise even in tertiary cancer centre and it is not possible many times due to long waiting list for it or patient condition. Here there is role locoregional pedicled flap which mitigate this problem to great extent to achieve acceptable functional and aesthetic outcome. One such flap worth to keep in surgeon armamentarium is submental island flap. Submental artery island flap (SIF) is an axial fasciocutaneous flap that includes skin, subcutaneous tissue, platysma, and fat and is pedicled on the submental artery and veins.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study conducted in our institute a tertiary level cancer hospital. This is retrospective study. Data extracted from department database between periods February 2015 to May 2017. It includes 12 patients diagnosed with different sub site oral cancer, operated in department of head neck oncology for oral cancer and reconstruction fallowing ablative surgery done by submental island flap by ablative surgeon. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Submental island ﬂaps are comparable in their outcome with radial forearm free ﬂap. They carry a good color match with facial tissue. It is thin and has a reliable vascular morphology.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> When combined with the reported experience of other surgeons, our preliminary experience shows that the SIF is an excellent alternative in the reconstruction of head and neck defects because of its reliability, versatility, and relative ease of application. Neck dissection can plan as an adjunctive procedure to the SIF with certain limitation.
Combined modality therapy for naso-oropharyngeal solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma: case report
Authors: Masarykova Andrea , Dzongov Marin , Hanicova Alexandra , Zavacka Ingrid , Scepanovic Danijela 
Published: September 2017

<p>Most patients with plasma cell neoplasia have generalized disease at diagnosis. However, some patients have a solitary extramedullary plasmacytomas (SEPs). SEPs are rare, typically solitary tumors comprising approximately 3–5% all plasma cell neoplasms. Almost 90% arise in the head and neck region, especially in the nasal cavity, sinuses, oropharynx, salivary glands and larynx. Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) has a predilection for the male gender and occurs most frequently in patients 50 years and older. SEP often runs an indolent clinical course with a tendency for local recurrence, and progresses to plasma cell myeloma in about 15% of patients. In this paper, we have reported the case of SEP of the naso-oropharynx in 55 years old woman who was presented with a sense of the nasal obstruction. The resection was performed and a mature plasmacytoma was demonstrated histologically. However, ENT examination and positron emission tomography/computed tomography examination with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG PET/CT) have shown that the patient had residual naso-oropharyngeal disease after surgery. A negative bone marrow biopsy and 18-FDG PET/CT have confirmed that it was a solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck region. Following the surgery, intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) was administered. No relapse or progression to the multiple myeloma was recorded during the 3.5 years of follow-up. This case report, which describes a rare tumor of the naso-oropharynx, is expected to improve the recognition and referral of this condition in medical practice. </p>
Rare cervical nerve root C2-C3 schwannoma
Authors: Singh Chandra Veer , Shetty Shravan , Deshpande R. K. , Patel Priyank 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><span lang="EN-IN">10% of schwannomas that occur in the head and neck region mostly originate from the vagus or sympathetic nervous system whereas those arising from C2 nerve root are extremely rare. Extracranial schwannomas in the head and neck region are rare neoplasms. Diagnosis is established by imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, while FNAC is used to rule out other condition. Histopathology gives definitive diagnosis. The accepted treatment for these tumors is surgical resection with preservation of the neural pathway. We present a rare case of cervical nerve (C2-C3) root schwannoma of 50 year old male who presented with right lateral neck swelling with pain radiating to right shoulder associated with right shoulder stiffness</span>. The swelling which also had an intervertebral part <span lang="EN-IN">was removed successfully through a posterior neck incision with no post-operative neurological symptoms.</span></p>
Benign teratoma of neck in adult: a rare case report
Authors: Ansari Mohammed Humaam , Gujrathi Atishkumar Balajirao , Ambulgekar Vijayalaxmi 
Published: September 2017

<p>Cervical teratomas are extremely rare germ cell tumours. Cervical teratoma is much more common in newborn than adults, and in contrast to the paediatric cases adult teratomas have been highly malignant. Cervical teratoma incorporates lesions arising in the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck. Cervical teratoma can reach enormous size and cause airway obstruction. Surgery is the primary modality of treatment as malignant transformation occurs. Hereby, we present a case of benign teratoma of neck in adult which was completely misdiagnosed preoperatively due to its rare occurence in adults. Even though cervical teratoma of adult is extremely rare, it should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in patient of midline cystic neck swelling. Preoperative radiological investigations requires high index of suspicion. Complete surgical resection is recommended. </p>
In Pursuit of Progress
Authors: Bulloch Hannah C. M. 
Published: September 2017

In Pursuit of Progress explores how meta-narratives of development become entangled in people’s identities and life trajectories; how they weave their way into people’s imaginings of their histories, their understandings of their place in the world, and their dreams for their future. The idea of development has been deconstructed and scrutinised as a “Western” metaphor ordering global difference and change, and as a banner under which diverse schemes for societal improvement find legitimacy and common purpose. Less attention has been given to the diverse ways the “subjects” of development interpret the concept. This monograph draws on a decade of ethnographic research on the Philippine island of Siquijor, to explore myths, meanings and practices of development and its counterparts, progress and modernization. It considers development not just as a collective project but recognises that, as a cognitive tool for organizing relationships between people, it is personal. Through this, In Pursuit of Progress offers fresh insights to debates in anthropology, sociology and development studies regarding the ways in which discourses of development act upon local and global power relations.
Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Attenuate the Adverse Effects of Severe/Morbid Obesity on Cardiometabolic Risk and Insulin Resistance in Children? A Pooled Analysis
Authors: Nyström Christine Delisle , Henriksson Pontus , Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente , Medrano María , Cadenas-Sanchez Cristina , Arias-Palencia Natalia María , Löf Marie , Ruiz Jonatan R. , Labayen Idoia , Sánchez-López Mairena , Ortega Francisco B. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE
To investigate 1) differences in cardiometabolic risk and HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) across BMI categories (underweight to morbid obesity), 2) whether fit children have lower cardiometabolic risk/HOMA-IR than unfit children in each BMI category, and 3) differences in cardiometabolic risk/HOMA-IR in normal-weight unfit children and obese fit children.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A pooled study including cross-sectional data from three projects (n = 1,247 children aged 8–11 years). Cardiometabolic risk was assessed using the sum of the sex- and age-specific z scores for triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose, and the average of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and HOMA-IR.

RESULTS
A significant linear association was observed between the risk score and BMI categories (P trend ≤0.001), with every incremental rise in BMI category being associated with a 0.5 SD higher risk score (standardized β = 0.474, P &lt; 0.001). A trend was found showing that as BMI categories rose, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) attenuated the risk score, with the biggest differences observed in the most obese children (−0.8 SD); however, this attenuation was significant only in mild obesity (−0.2 SD, P = 0.048). Normal-weight unfit children had a significantly lower risk score than obese fit children (P &lt; 0.001); however, a significant reduction in the risk score was found in obese fit compared with unfit children (−0.4 SD, P = 0.027). Similar results were obtained for HOMA-IR.

CONCLUSIONS
As BMI categories rose so did cardiometabolic risk and HOMA-IR, which highlights the need for obesity prevention/treatment programs in childhood. Furthermore, CRF may play an important role in lowering the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in obese children.