bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atypical anorexia nervosa is not related to brain structural changes in newly diagnosed adolescent patients
Authors: Olivo Gaia , Solstrand Dahlberg Linda , Wiemerslage Lyle , Swenne Ingemar , Zhukovsky Christina , Salonen‐Ros Helena , Larsson Elna‐Marie , Gaudio Santino , Brooks Samantha J. , Schiöth Helgi B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectivePatients with atypical anorexia nervosa (AN) have many features overlapping with AN in terms of genetic risk, age of onset, psychopathology and prognosis of outcome, although the weight loss may not be a core factor. While brain structural alterations have been reported in AN, there are currently no data regarding atypical AN patients.MethodWe investigated brain structure through a voxel‐based morphometry analysis in 22 adolescent females newly‐diagnosed with atypical AN, and 38 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HC). ED‐related psychopathology, impulsiveness and obsessive‐compulsive traits were assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS‐11) and Obsessive‐compulsive Inventory Revised (OCI‐R), respectively. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated.ResultsPatients and HC differed significantly on BMI (p < .002), EDE‐Q total score (p < .000) and OCI‐R total score (p < .000). No differences could be detected in grey matter (GM) regional volume between groups.DiscussionThe ED‐related cognitions in atypical AN patients would suggest that atypical AN and AN could be part of the same spectrum of restrictive‐ED. However, contrary to previous reports in AN, our atypical AN patients did not show any GM volume reduction. The different degree of weight loss might play a role in determining such discrepancy. Alternatively, the preservation of GM volume might indeed differentiate atypical AN from AN.
Building evidence for the use of descriptive subtypes in youth with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder
Authors: Norris Mark L. , Spettigue Wendy , Hammond Nicole G. , Katzman Debra K. , Zucker Nancy , Yelle Katie , Santos Alexandre , Gray Madeline , Obeid Nicole 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo examine characteristics of patients with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in an effort to identify and describe subtypes of the disorder.MethodA retrospective chart review was completed for patients aged 8–17 years assessed over a 17‐year period.ResultsSeventy‐seven patients were included in the study, the majority of whom were female (n = 56, 73%). The average age of patients was 13.7 years (SD = 2.4 years). Three specific subtypes of ARFID (aligning with example presentations outlined in the DSM‐5) were identified: (a) those with weight loss and/or medical compromise as a consequence of apparent lack of interest in eating (n = 30, 39%); (b) restriction arising as a result of sensory sensitivity (n = 14, 18%); and (c) restriction based upon food avoidance and/or fear of aversive consequences of eating (n = 33, 43%). Clinical characteristics of patients varied depending on the assigned subtype.DiscussionOur findings highlight the need for further research into the relative merit of subtype‐assignment in patients with ARFID and whether such practice would aid in the recommended treatment. Further research is required to understand whether these categories are generalizable and applicable to other samples such as young children or adults with ARFID, and how treatment options might differ according to subtype.
Lanthanide Tetrafluoroterephthalates for Luminescent Ink‐Jet Printing
Authors: Utochnikova Valentina V. , Grishko Alexey , Vashchenko Andrey , Goloveshkin Alexander , Averin Aleksey , Kuzmina Natalia 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are ValentinaàV. Utochnikova from M.àV. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russian Federation, and co‐workers. The cover image shows the application of new water‐based luminescent dyes for high‐resolution printing.
Hydrothermal Carbon Doped Form‐Stable Inorganic Hydrate Salts Phase Change Materials with Excellent Reutilization
Authors: Wang Jie , Han Weifang , Guan Hongyu , Ge Chunhua , Zhang Rui , Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: December 2017

AbstractForm‐stable phase‐change materials (PCMs) are increasingly meaningful to thermal storage technology in various application environments. In this research, the eutectic hydrate salt mixture/poly(acrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid) copolymer (EHS/PAAAM) was synthesized as a form‐stable PCM, which satisfactorily solves the liquid‐state leakage problem, which has previously led to weakened energy transfer efficiency and heat storage capacity. The doping of hydrothermal carbon (HTC), HTC‐EHS/PAAAM effectively improved these deficiencies, and it additionally showed eminent stability with a weak supercooling effect. The results were confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the mechanism analysis was studied using SEM, XRD, and FTIR spectroscopy In addition, HTC‐EHS/PAAAM possesses excellent recyclability after 101 thermal cycles. Compared to EHS/PAAAM, the thermal conductivity of HTC‐EHS/PAAAM increased by 43.9 % with the 1.5 wt % content of HTC.
Cenozoic faulting response of eastern North China to subduction of the Pacific Plate: A case of study of the Luxi Block
Authors: Li Shaojun , Li Sanzhong , Wang Yongming , Li Xiyao , Suo Yanhui , Wang Pengcheng , Wang Qian , Zhang Jian , Somerville Ian 
Published: December 2017

The Cenozoic deformation and dynamic evolution of the eastern part of North China were significantly affected by the changing of the subduction direction and rate of the Pacific Plate. In this paper, we use the Luxi Block as a specific case study area, by examining the Cenozoic structural connection between the deep and shallow levels, and the related seismicities and their triggering mechanisms. We investigate the response of the Cenozoic tectonic activities in this area to the subduction of the Pacific Plate. The results show that the Cenozoic shallow fault pattern in the Luxi Block is mainly characterized by a domino‐style normal fault pattern constituted by a series of NW‐ to WNW‐trending normal faults. The focal mechanism and field observations suggest that these faults are sinistral strike‐slip type, and they dominate the formation and development of the Cenozoic basins jointly controlled by the NE‐trending faults. Geophysical data suggest that at a depth of 15–20 km beneath the Luxi Block, there is a gentle décollement zone and large‐scale low‐velocity tomographic anomalies. The domino‐style fault system in the shallow crust is incorporated into this décollement zone, manifesting as a decoupling between the shallow and deep structures, and a transition zone between the high‐ and low‐velocity anomaly zones controlling the development of two medium to strong NW‐trending earthquake zones. With respect to the dynamic mechanisms, the tectonic activities in eastern North China are closely related to the subduction of the Pacific Plate, which induced crustal thinning, mantle upwelling and small‐scale convections in the mantle wedge, and also caused the uplift of the Luxi Block.
Comparative study of nanoscale pore structure of Lower Palaeozoic marine shales in the Middle‐Upper Yangtze area, China: Implications for gas production potential
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhu Yanming , Liu Shimin , Chen Shangbin , Zhang Rui 
Published: December 2017

The Lower Cambrian Niutitang and Lower Silurian Longmaxi shales in the Middle‐Upper Yangtze area are considered the primary shale gas units targeted for development in China. To shed some light on the difference in nanopore structures between Niutitang and Longmaxi shales, systematic comparative investigations were conducted using various techniques, including geochemical analyses, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), high‐pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and low‐pressure N2/CO2 adsorption techniques. The results show that both Niutitang and Longmaxi shales have high total organic carbon (TOC) content and complex mineral compositions. The porosity of Longmaxi shales is higher than that of Niutitang shales, with an average value of 3.26% and 2.04%, respectively. Interestingly, for both shale formations, the mesopores (2–50 nm) are the major contributors to pore volumes, whereas the specific surface area is dominated by micropores (<2 nm). For the mesopore size distributions (PSDs) calculated from the N2 adsorption, the Longmaxi shales have a dominant pore size ranging from 10 to 60 nm. In contrast, there are more fine mesopores (2–8 nm) in the Niutitang shales. Furthermore, we found that numerous nanoscale pores are well‐developed within graptolite‐derived organic matter (OM) in the Longmaxi shales. These interconnected graptolite periderm pore systems may not only provide a storage space for both adsorbed and free gas but also serve as pathways for gas transport. The Niutitang shales developed relatively fewer OM pores with smaller diameters, lower OM surface porosity, and lower connectivity compared to the Longmaxi shales. The differences in OM pore structure partly explain why there is a large production difference between these two formations.
The Early Jurassic Chang'anbu porphyry Cu–Mo deposit in Northeastern China: Constraints from zircon U–Pb geochronology and H–O–S–Pb stable isotopes
Authors: Ju Nan , Ren Yunsheng , Zhang Sen , Kou Linlin , Zhang Di , Gu Yuchao , Yang Qun , Wang Hui , Shi Lei , Sun Qiushi , Wu Tong 
Published: December 2017

Central Jilin is tectonically subordinate to the Lesser Xing'an Range–Zhangguangcai Range polymetallic metallogenic belt, an important region for Cu–Mo prospecting in NE China. Dozens of large‐scale molybdenum deposits, including Fu'anbu, Chang'anbu, Jide, and Dashihe, have been recently discovered in Central Jilin, whereas porphyry Cu or Cu–Mo deposits have not been found to date. One such example of an intracontinental porphyry Cu–Mo deposit is the Chang'anbu Cu–Mo deposit in Shulan, Jilin Province, hosted in early Yanshanian rocks. Here in this contribution, we described detailed geology based on our field observation and conducted a comparative study on the metallogenic epoch and the ore‐forming sources of the Chang'anbu Cu–Mo deposit by using zircon U–Pb dating and H–O–S–Pb stable isotopes. We propose that the Chang'anbu deposit is rare in the Lesser Xing'an Range–Zhangguangcail Range metallogenic belt and differs from other porphyry deposits that consist solely of Mo, indicating a unique mechanism of metallogenesis. Zircon U–Pb ages indicate emplacement of a granite pluton which is the main metallogenetic rock body during the Early Jurassic (182.10 ± 1.20 Ma). The pluton is spatially and temporally associated with Cu–Mo mineralization and led to large‐scale porphyry Cu–Mo mineralization during the early Yanshanian. Sulphur, Pb, H, and O isotope data suggest that magma generated by subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific oceanic crust was the main ore‐forming source of this deposit (206Pb/204Pb = 18.046–18.734; Pb207/Pb204 = 15.502–15.655; δ34S = 0.3–2‰; δDV–SMOW = −102.2–93.4‰; δ18OV–SMOW = 9.1–11.6‰). The Chang'anbu porphyry Cu–Mo deposit is representative of large‐scale polymetallic metallogenic events in Central Jilin that resulted from magmatism related to crust and mantle melting during the early Yanshanian.
In situ zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopes and tectonic implications of late Palaeoproterozoic host rocks from the Shuangfengling gold deposit, northern Tarim Block, NW China
Authors: Lei Ru‐xiong , Wu Chang‐zhi , Feng Yong‐gang , Jiao Jian‐gang 
Published: December 2017

The Tarim Block contains important information of the Precambrian crustal evolution of the Earth. In this paper, we present detailed petrographic and in situ zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopes data for the Palaeoproterozoic host rocks (gneiss and gneissic granite) of the Shuangfengling gold deposit in the Quruqtagh terrane in order to constrain their ages and magma sources and discuss their tectonic environments. Zircon laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry data indicated that the host rocks (gneiss and gneissic granite) of the Shuangfengling gold deposit were formed at 1948 ± 17 and 1944 ± 13 Ma, respectively, and all underwent a metamorphism immediately after magma emplacement. The Hf isotopic signatures, negative εHf(t) values and older Archean two‐stage Hf model ages, of the studied rocks suggested that the magmas of these rocks were derived by crustal reworking in a manner similar to the magmatism related to a collisional orogeny. This study further confirms the existence of this Palaeoproterozoic magmatic and metamorphic event in the Tarim Block. The Tarim Block was part of the Columbia supercontinent.
Effects ofOxalis barrelieriL. (Oxalidaceae) aqueous extract on diarrhea induced byShigella dysenteriaetype 1 in rats
Authors: Fokam Tagne Michel Archange , Noubissi Paul Aimé , Fankem Gaëtan Olivier , Kamgang René 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimOxalis barrelieriis a medicinal plant commonly used in Cameroon, for the treatment of many diarrheal diseases. The antibacterial properties ofO barrelieriaqueous extract (WOb) againstShigella dysenteriaetype 1 were investigated in vitro and in vivo.MethodsAntibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro by disc diffusion method and by macrodilution method.S dysenteriaetype 1 at a dose of 1.2 × 109 CFU was administrated orally to rats to induce shigellosis. For 6 consecutive days, diarrheic rats were treated withO barrelieriaqueous extract (50 and 100 mg/kg BW) or norfloxacin (20 mg/kg BW). The diarrheal stool weight andS dysenteriaetype 1 density were assessed during the treatment period, and death rate recorded. Nitric oxide production in blood and in colonic homogenate and blood parameters were assessed, and the histological section of the colon was performed in the survivors.ResultsThe minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration of WOb were, respectively, 6 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL. The mean minimal bactericidal concentration/minimal inhibitory concentration ratio for WOb againstS dysenteriaetype 1 was high (˃4); WOb could be classified as a bacteriostatic drug. WOb significantly (P < .01) reduced bacterial density and diarrheal stool weight. WOb decreased nitric oxide production (P < .01) in the large intestine and protected the mucosa of the colon from bacterial destruction.ConclusionThe results suggest thatO barrelieriaqueous extract possesses bacteriostatic and antidiarrheal activities and reduces damages caused to intestinal mucosa barrier by pathogenic mechanisms ofShigella. This extract could be used as an alternative therapeutic for infectious diarrhea.
Children's understanding of mixed emotions in self and other: Verbal reports and visual representations
Authors: Burkitt Esther , Lowry Ruth , Fotheringham Francesca 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPatterns of simultaneous experiences of mixed emotion have been found in adulthood using analogue emotion scales (AES) that measure subjective intensity and duration of two emotions in one graph. Children report simultaneous emotions increasingly between 5 and 7 years of age. These reports may underestimate the type of simultaneous experiences. This research piloted an extended interview and AES to assess subjective mixed emotion types in childhood. One hundred and eighty children (91 girls, 89 boys) between 5 years 2 months and 7 years 3 months (M = 6 years 3 months) were allocated to two conditions (self: n = 90, other: n = 90), hearing a vignette describing a mixed emotion event occurring either to another child or to themselves. Log‐linear analysis of reported and graphed responses showed simple, sequential, prevalence, inverse, and highly simultaneous emotion experiences. Younger children reported more single and sequential experiences. Older children reported and graphed more simultaneous experiences. Mixed emotion varied by measure type with more prevalence experiences graphed than reported and more inverse experiences reported than graphed. The results indicate the potential for the utility of the adapted AES for use with children.Highlights

Investigating types of mixed emotion experiences in childhood using reports and an adapted analogue emotion scale.
Children reported and graphed single and mixed emotion experiences for themselves or another child. Single, sequential, prevalence, inverse, and highly simultaneous experiences were reported and graphed by both age groups in both conditions. More prevalence experiences were graphed than reported and more inverse experiences reported than graphed.
Simultaneous patterns of mixed emotion could extend models of emotion recognition in childhood and could supplement interview and assessment procedures.
Identification and treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia located in the cesarean scar
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Li Yuan , Yang Junjun , He Yonglan , Wang Ming , Wan Xirun , Xiang Yang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the clinical characteristics of, and the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) located in the cesarean scar.MethodsThe present retrospective analysis was conducted among patients diagnosed with GTN located in the cesarean scar at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China, between June 1, 2006, and May 31, 2016. Clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and outcomes were reviewed.ResultsOf 938 women diagnosed with GTN, 31 (3.3%) patients had GTN located in the cesarean scar. Irregular vaginal bleeding was the main clinical manifestation. Twenty (65%) patients received an accurate diagnosis based on a history of molar pregnancy/a high β‐human chorionic gonadotropin level/typical imaging presentations. The remaining 11 patients were initially misdiagnosed; the definitive diagnosis was made by pathology. All patients received chemotherapy; 22 (71%) women also underwent hysterectomy or localized uterine lesion resection because of chemoresistant lesions. All patients had a complete remission; at a median follow‐up of 35 months, only 1 (3%) woman had a relapse.ConclusionOwing to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms, GTN located in the cesarean scar is prone to misdiagnosis. In patients without typical manifestations, the definitive diagnosis often relies on pathology. For treatment, uterine lesion resection is a useful adjunct to chemotherapy.
Placenta accreta spectrum disorder trends in the context of the universal two‐child policy in China and the risk of hysterectomy
Authors: Zeng Chanjuan , Yang Mengyuan , Ding Yiling , Duan Siqi , Zhou Yang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo identify both the trends in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders in the context of the universal two‐child policy in China and risk factors for hysterectomy.MethodsThe present retrospective analysis included confirmed PAS disorders during cesarean delivery at a tertiary hospital in Changsha, Hunan, China, from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2016. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the risk of hysterectomy.ResultsDuring the 10‐year study period, the overall incidence of cesarean delivery was 51.6% (13 530/26 214) and that of PAS disorders was 1.2% (302/26 214). The PAS rate increased from 0.1% (5/4617) in 2007–2008 to 2.1% (133/6351) in 2015–2016, alongside a rise in elective repeat cesarean delivery from 5.0% (106/2124) to 38.4% (1385/3603). Previous cesarean delivery greatly increased the likelihood of PAS disorders (odds ratio [OR] 97.4; P<0.001). Invasive depth (OR 92.0; P<0.001), inter‐cesarean interval less than 36 months (OR 7.0; P=0.002), rural residence (OR 5.3; P=0.018), and advanced maternal age (OR 3.0; P=0.045) were independent risk factors for hysterectomy among women with PAS disorders.ConclusionThe increasing incidence of elective repeat cesarean delivery combined with a high overall rate of cesarean delivery implies a high prevalence of PAS disorders within the context of the universal two‐child policy in China. The main predictor of hysterectomy was invasive depth.
Trends in serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels 0–4 days after methotrexate administration for predicting tubal ectopic pregnancy treatment success
Authors: Wong Lo , Fung Linda W.Y. , Cheung Chun‐Wai , Lao Terence T. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) levels 0–4 days after single‐dose methotrexate administration for tubal ectopic pregnancy.MethodsThe present retrospective study included women with tubal ectopic pregnancy treated by methotrexate at a tertiary hospital in Hong Kong, China, between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2016. Patients were stratified serum HCG levels rose or fell from day 0–4 post‐administration. Trends in day 0–4 serum HCG to predict treatment success were compared with that of day 4–7 serum HCG. The optimal drop in HCG was identified by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsThere were 102 patients included. The positive predictive value (PPV) of day 0–4 serum HCG for treatment success was 91% (95% confidence interval [CI] 82–96), which is comparable to the current criterion of a 15% drop in day 4–7 serum HCG (PPV 91%, 95% CI 84–95). A 6% drop in day 0–4 serum HCG was the best predictor of treatment success (PPV 96%, 95% CI 86–99).ConclusionA drop in day 0–4 serum HCG provided earlier prognostic information and was not inferior to the current criterion.
Origin of sex chromosomes in six groups of Rana rugosa frogs inferred from a sex‐linked DNA marker
Authors: Oike Akira , Watanabe Koichiro , Min Mi‐Sook , Tojo Koji , Kumagai Masahide , Kimoto Yuya , Yamashiro Tadashi , Matsuo Takanori , Kodama Maho , Nakamura Yoriko , Notsu Masaru , Tochimoto Takeyoshi , Fujita Hiroyuki , Ota Maki , Ito Etsuro , Yasumasu Shigeki , Nakamura Masahisa 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEach vertebrate species, as a general rule, has either the XX/XY or ZZ/ZW chromosomes by which sex is determined. However, the Japanese Rana (R.) rugosa frog is an exception, possessing both sex‐determining combinations within one species, varying with region of origin. We collected R. rugosa frogs from 104 sites around Japan and South Korea and determined the nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene. Based on the sequences, R. rugosa frogs were divided into four groups from Japan and one from South Korea. The ZZ/ZW type is reportedly derived from the XX/XY type, although recently a new ZZ/ZW type of R. rugosa was reported. However, it still remains unclear from where the sex chromosomes in the five groups of this species were derived. In this study, we successfully isolated a sex‐linked DNA maker and used it to classify R. rugosa frogs into several groupings. From the DNA marker as well as from nucleotide analysis of the promoter region of the androgen receptor (AR) gene, we identified another female heterogametic group, designated, West‐Central. The sex chromosomes in the West‐Central originated from the West and Central groups. The results indicate that a sex‐linked DNA marker is a verifiable tool to determine the origin of the sex chromosomes in R. rugosa frogs in which the sex‐determining system has changed, during two independent events, from the male to female heterogamety.
Lewis on Industrialisation and Industrial Policy
Authors: Weiss John 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe Lewis model is widely cited, and its implications for the transfer of workers from low productivity to higher productivity jobs have been reflected in recent discussions of ‘growth‐retarding’ structural change in economies where the manufacturing share in GDP is declining. What is less well known is Lewis's recommendations on industrial policy in the context of low income economies. This paper reviews Lewis's position and links it with contemporary debates on the role of industrial policy and the challenges facing Africa. In relation to specific policy proposals, his emphasis on modest and temporary levels of support (either through trade protection or other means), with government provision of infrastructure and support for training, is now a standard part of policy discussion. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.