bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid Electrolytes: Extremely Fast Charge Carriers in Garnet‐Type Li6La3ZrTaO12 Single Crystals
Authors: Stanje Bernhard , Rettenwander Daniel , Breuer Stefan , Uitz Marlena , Berendts Stefan , Lerch Martin , Uecker Reinhard , Redhammer Günther , Hanzu Ilie , Wilkening Martin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe development of all‐solid‐state electrochemical energy storage systems, such as lithium‐ion batteries with solid electrolytes, requires stable, electronically insulating compounds with exceptionally high ionic conductivities. Considering ceramic oxides, garnet‐type LiLaZrO and derivatives, see Zr‐exchanged LiLaZrTaO (LLZTO), have attracted great attention due to its high Li+ ionic conductivity of 10 S cm at ambient temperature. Despite numerous studies focussing on conductivities of powder samples, only few use time‐domain NMR methods to probe Li ion diffusion parameters in single crystals. Here we report on temperature‐variable NMR relaxometry measurements using both laboratory and spin‐lock techniques to probe Li jump rates covering a dynamic time window spanning several decades. Both techniques revealed a consistent picture of correlated Li ion jump diffusion in the single crystal; the data perfectly mirror a modified BPP‐type relaxation response being based on a Lorentzian‐shaped relaxation function. The rates measured could be parameterized with a single set of diffusion parameters. Results from NMR are completely in line with ion transport parameters derived from conductivity spectroscopy.
Toward Cost‐Effective Manufacturing of Silicon Solar Cells: Electrodeposition of High‐Quality Si Films in a CaCl2‐based Molten Salt
Authors: Yang Xiao , Ji Li , Zou Xingli , Lim Taeho , Zhao Ji , Yu Edward T. , Bard Allen J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractElectrodeposition of Si films from a Si‐containing electrolyte is a cost‐effective approach for the manufacturing of solar cells. Proposals relying on fluoride‐based molten salts have suffered from low product quality due to difficulties in impurity control. Here we demonstrate the successful electrodeposition of high‐quality Si films from a CaCl2‐based molten salt. Soluble SiIV−O anions generated from solid SiO2 are electrodeposited onto a graphite substrate to form a dense film of crystalline Si. Impurities in the deposited Si film are controlled at low concentrations (both B and P are less than 1 ppm). In the photoelectrochemical measurements, the film shows p‐type semiconductor character and large photocurrent. A p–n junction fabricated from the deposited Si film exhibits clear photovoltaic effects. This study represents the first step to the ultimate goal of developing a cost‐effective manufacturing process for Si solar cells based on electrodeposition.
Enzyme Encapsulation by a Ferritin Cage
Authors: Tetter Stephan , Hilvert Donald 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFerritins, conserved across all kingdoms of life, are protein nanocages that evolved to mineralize iron. The last several decades have shown that these cages have considerable technological and medical potential owing to their stability and tolerance to modification, as well as their ability to template nanoparticle synthesis and incorporate small molecules. Here we show that it is possible to encapsulate proteins in a ferritin cage by exploiting electrostatic interactions with its negatively charged interior. Positively supercharged green fluorescent protein is efficiently taken up by Archaeoglobus fulgidus ferritin in a tunable fashion. Moreover, several enzymes were readily incorporated when genetically tethered to this fluorescent protein. These fusion proteins retained high catalytic activity and showed increased tolerance to proteolysis and heat. Equipping ferritins with enzymatic activity paves the way for many new nanotechnological and pharmacological applications.
The First Gold(III) Formate: Evidence for β‐Hydride Elimination
Authors: Kumar Roopender , Krieger Jean‐Philippe , Gómez‐Bengoa Enrique , Fox Thomas , Linden Anthony , Nevado Cristina 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe first stable gold(III) formate and experimental evidence for its β‐hydride elimination are described. A catalytic dehydrogenation of formic acid together with mechanistic studies shed light on potential pathways operating in fundamental gold‐catalyzed transformations.
Selective C−O Bond Cleavage of Sugars with Hydrosilanes Catalyzed by Piers’ Borane Generated In Situ
Authors: Zhang Jianbo , Park Sehoon , Chang Sukbok 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDescribed herein is the selective reduction of sugars with hydrosilanes catalyzed by using Piers’ borane [(C6F5)2BH] generated in situ. The hydrosilylative C−O bond cleavage of silyl‐protected mono‐ and disaccharides in the presence of a (C6F5)2BH catalyst, generated in situ from (C6F5)2BOH, takes place with excellent chemo‐ and regioselectivities to provide a range of polyols. A study of the substituent effects of sugars on the catalytic activity and selectivity revealed that the steric environment around the anomeric carbon (C1) is crucial.
First microsatellite data on Proteus anguinus reveal weak genetic structure between the caves of Postojna and Planina
Authors: Zakšek Valerija , Konec Marjeta , Trontelj Peter 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

The European cave salamander, Proteus anguinus, or proteus, is the largest obligate cave animal in the world. It is an endangered and charismatic species of high conservation importance for subterranean waters. Conservation genetic studies are hampered by the extreme size and repetitiveness of its nuclear genome.
The aim of the study was to develop and characterize the first microsatellite markers for proteus, and test their informativeness at the level of individuals, populations and between populations in the Postojna and Planina caves in Slovenia.
Twenty‐three novel polymorphic microsatellite markers were amplified in 201 individuals from both caves using three multiplex reactions. The number of alleles per locus varied from three to nine. The loci are largely unlinked and conform to Hardy–Weinberg genotype frequencies. Genetic equilibrium and an FST value of 0.0024 suggest a nearly panmictic population in both caves separated by some 10 km of subterranean river course, while Bayesian clustering detected weak genetic structure.
The microsatellites described fill the gap of urgently needed nuclear markers in Proteus that can be applied in genetic mark–recapture studies, population monitoring and identification of management units to assist conservation efforts.
Modular Organization of the Thermobifida fusca Exoglucanase Cel6B Impacts Cellulose Hydrolysis and Designer Cellulosome Efficiency
Authors: Setter‐Lamed Eva , Moraïs Sarah , Stern Johanna , Lamed Raphael , Bayer Edward A. 
Published: September 2017

Cellulose deconstruction can be achieved by three distinct enzymatic paradigms: free enzymes, multifunctional enzymes, and self‐assembled, multi‐enzyme complexes (cellulosomes). To study their comparative efficiency, the simple and efficient cellulolytic system of the aerobic bacterium, Thermobifida fusca, is developed as an enzymatic model. In previous studies, most of its cellulases are successfully converted to the cellulosomal mode and exhibited high cellulolytic activities, except for Cel6B, a key exoglucanase of the T. fusca enzymatic system. Here, the impact of the modular organization of Cel6B on enzymatic activity is investigated. The position of the cellulose‐binding module (CBM), its family and linker segment are shown to affect activity. Surprisingly, exchange of the native family‐2 CBM to family‐3 generates an increase in Cel6B activity on cellulosic substrates. Conversion of Cel6B to the cellulosomal mode by fusing a cohesin to the catalytic module enables formation of divalent enzyme complexes with dockerin‐bearing enzymes. The resultant pseudo‐cellulosomes, containing Cel6B combined with endoglucanase Cel5A, exhibits enhanced enzymatic activity, compared to mixtures of wild‐type enzymes or bifunctional enzymes, unlike similar pseudo‐cellulosomes containing endoglucanase Cel6A or proccessive endoglucanase Cel9A. Insight into the different enzymatic paradigms benefits ongoing development of efficient cellulolytic systems for conversion of plant‐derived biomass into valuable sugars.Novelty statementThe protein engineering of the modular arrangement of a key exoglucanase from a highly cellulolytic bacterium, Thermobifida fusca, served to explore and compare three major enzymatic paradigms for cellulose degradation. This approach revealed highly active chimaeric forms of the exoglucanase that act in synergy together with a potent endoglucanase in bifunctional enzymes or divalent pseudo‐cellulosome‐like complexes. Such engineered enzymes could be further integrated into larger enzymatic complexes, thereby providing a significant step forward towards conversion of the entire T. fusca free cellulolytic system into the cellulosomal modex and the enhanced conversion of cellulosic biomass into soluble sugars.
Significant events in an Internet‐delivered (Space from Depression) intervention for depression
Authors: Richards Derek , Dowling Mairéad , O'Brien Emma , Viganò Noemi , Timulak Ladislav 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe advantages and effectiveness of Internet interventions have been established. Little is known about the critical processes of change in Internet‐delivered interventions and of the psychological experience of users. These are both clinically relevant and have a link to the overall outcome of therapy. The goal of this article was to gain an insight into the important therapeutic processes in an 8‐week supported online self‐administered CBT‐based treatment for depression.MethodRespondents were participants (N = 88) in a randomised controlled trial with an initial score of 14–28 on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI‐II), who completed at least one module of the online intervention, and at least one Helpful Aspects of Therapy (HAT) questionnaire.AnalysisThe HAT data were analysed using descriptive–interpretative qualitative analysis to (i) identify helpful and hindering events, (ii) describe key events and (iii) describe the corresponding impacts of these events on the clients.ResultsIn total, six helpful events were reported (provision of information, core CBT activities, mindfulness, platform accessibility and usability, supporter, personal stories and examples) and eight associated impacts (applying new coping skills/behavioural change, awareness and insight, improved well‐being, support/validation, expression/relief, self‐efficacy/empowerment/sense of achievement, personal connection). In total, five hindering events were identified (platform features/design, external factors, internal factors, supporters' feedback and content of the programme) and five associated impacts (disappointment, frustration/irritation, confusion, mood deterioration and being self‐critical/blaming) were reported.ConclusionsThe current results support previous findings that CBT principles are important in online delivery. The role of the supporter emerges as a key ingredient in online delivery worthy of further investigation.
Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET)‐coupled Annexin V‐functionalized Quantum Dots for Near‐Infrared Optical Detection of Apoptotic Cells
Authors: Tsuboi Setsuko , Jin Takashi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDeregulation in apoptosis induces numerous diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Detection of apoptotic cells is crucial for understanding the mechanism of these diseases and for therapy development. Although optical imaging using visible‐emitting fluorescent probes, such as FITC‐labeled annexin V, is widely used for the detection of apoptotic cells, there are very limited probes that can be used in the near‐infrared region (NIR) over 700 nm. Compared with visible light, NIR light is highly permeable in turbid biological samples and tissues. In addition, optical imaging in the NIR region shows low autofluorescence from biological samples, leading to clearer images with high signal to background ratios. Here, we report the synthesis of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)‐coupled annexin V‐functionalized quantum dots (QDs) and their application to NIR optical detection of apoptotic cells.
Late‐onset hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with neurological presentation
Authors: Benezech Sarah , Walzer Thierry , Charrier Emily , Heidelberg Damien , De Saint‐Basile Geneviève , Bertrand Yves , Belot Alexandre 
Published: September 2017

Key Clinical MessageMissense mutations in genes involved in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis can delay the onset of this life‐threatening disease. In children and adults, early recognition of aspecific features as neurological symptoms is crucial as urgent treatment is required.
Live‐attenuated vaccines in a cryopyrin‐associated periodic syndrome patient receiving canakinumab treatment during infancy
Authors: Watanabe Misa , Nishikomori Ryuta , Fujimaki Yuki , Heike Toshio , Ohara Akira , Saji Tsutomu 
Published: September 2017

Key Clinical MessageWe successfully immunized the neonatal‐onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) patient with live‐attenuated vaccines for measles, rubella, varicella, and mumps and achieved sufficient antibody titer under canakinumab therapy without complications.
Multiple Functionalized Hyperbranched Polyethoxysiloxane Promotes Suzuki Coupling Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation One‐Pot Enantioselective Organic Transformations
Authors: Zhang Genwei , Liu Rui , Chou Yajie , Wang Yu , Cheng Tanyu , Liu Guohua 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUtilization of amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether modified hyperbranched polyethoxysiloxane as a support for the construction of bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts enables a highly efficient catalytic system thanks to its amphiphilic nature in aqueous organic transformations. Herein, through a three‐component self‐assembly procedure, we incorporate palladium/phosphine and chiral ruthenium/diamine functionality within poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether modified hyperbranched polyethoxysiloxane, fabricating a multiple functionalized polyethoxysiloxane based mesoporous material. Structural analyses and characterizations disclose that well‐defined dual single‐site active centers are distributed uniformly within monodisperse mesoporous silica nanoparticles. As a bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst, this material performs the one‐pot enantioselective tandem reaction of Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki cross‐coupling and Ru‐catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation, affording various chiral biaryl alcohols with high yields and up to 99 % enantioselectivity. Furthermore, the catalyst can be recovered and recycled eight times without loss of its catalytic activity, demonstrating the practicability of the preparation of optically pure biaryl alcohols in one‐pot organic transformation.
Uncovering the 3 D Structure of Combustion‐Synthesized Noble Metal‐Ceria Nanocatalysts
Authors: Roiban Lucian , Koneti Siddardha , Morfin Franck , Nguyen Thanh‐Son , Mascunan Pascale , Aouine Mimoun , Epicier Thierry , Piccolo Laurent 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWith its unique redox properties, ceria is an oxide with a range of applications, including automotive catalytic converters, which consist of platinum‐group metal nanoparticles on ceria‐containing supports. In this work, the 3 D architecture of a ceria‐based material synthesized by the widely employed glycine‐nitrate solution combustion method is revealed for the first time. Together with N2 adsorption volumetry, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), STEM tomography provides a comprehensive picture of the multimodal porous network of a pre‐reduced Pt‐CeO2 catalyst, from the nanometer to the micrometer scale. This material consists of ceria nanocrystallites forming 3 D aggregates and puzzle‐like 2 D walls separating large roundish mesopores and macropores. The small voids between imperfectly assembled crystallites give rise to some microporosity. In addition, it is demonstrated that a significant proportion of platinum nanoparticles (3–4 nm) are not located at the ceria surface following the one‐step synthesis process, about half of them are buried within ceria. This result is valid for another metal (Rh) and another fuel (oxalyl dihydrazide), and has important implications for heterogeneous catalysis.
Controlled Fabrication of Interconnected Porous Carbon Nanosheets for Supercapacitors with a Long Cycle Life
Authors: Chen Nannan , Ma Kongjun , Bai Zhengyu , Mi Hongyu , Li Zhiwei , Zhang Qing , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe pursuit of promising precursors and simple preparation approaches boosts the development of sustainable carbon‐related energy systems. In this work, a relatively low‐cost and eco‐friendly ternary precursor system is presented for the fabrication of interconnected sheet‐structured porous carbon materials by the combination of template‐assisted pyrolysis and post‐activation. The variation of effect factors permitted the formation of tunable microstructures with multilevel pore channels, and the optimized sample (APC3‐700) with multiple desired properties (such as, large surface area, hierarchical interconnected pores, and nitrogen doping) was successfully synthesized. Due to the large electrode/electrolyte interface, short pathway for mass/charge transfer, high electrochemical activity, and low transport resistance, APC3‐700 proved to be a favorable material with high capacitance (225 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and a high rate profile (remaining 91 % at 20 A g−1). In particular, the symmetrical supercapacitor assembled demonstrated a long cycle life with almost no capacitance decaying over 20 000 cycles. The method used may be employed for the widespread development of nanosheet‐connected carbon materials from different sources for efficient enhancement of energy storage.
03.16: Multiplanar K‐joints on cold‐formed open sections: An experimental study with high strength steels
Authors: Manoleas Panagiotis , Koltsakis Efthymios , Veljkovic Milan 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe design, laboratory investigation and main results of an experimental programme on the joints of an innovative 3D truss made of high strength steel (HSS) is presented. An entire truss of triangular cross‐section was fabricated (two compression chords and a single tension chord) to provide realistic loading conditions. Both compression and tension chords were fabricated by cold forming hot‐rolled HSS plates by means of press braking. The chords were as follows:
— an open angle‐type profile with 45° contained angle as tension chord (U‐chord),
— a semi‐closed octagonal profile made of 3 sectors bolted along their length every 1.2 diameters as compression chords (P‐chord).
The focus of this study is on the tension chords joints where a pair of tension and a pair of compression diagonals converge. Joints were tested to ultimate load by introducing shear to one bay of the truss at a time. Two design approaches for the joints were tested resulting in four individual tests.Ultimate load levels, stiffness and failure modes varied between the considered joint configurations. Stiffening increased the ultimate load by as much as 170% of that of the unstiffened version achieving higher utilisation of the tension chord, thus making more efficient use of HSS. The stiffness loss at loads close to failure varied between 60% – 80%. Two distinctive failure modes were observed, one caused by cracking of the welds connecting the diagonal's gusset plates to the tension chord while the second by cross‐section tensile fracture of the circular hollow section (CHS) diagonal.
03.19: Seismic performance of full strength extended stiffened joint: American vs New European approach
Authors: Tartaglia Roberto , D'Aniello Mario , Rassati Gian A. , Swanson James A. , Landolfo Raffaele 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTExtended stiffened end‐plate bolted joints are widely used in seismic resistant steel frames. In the United States of America (USA) this type of joint is seismically pre‐qualified according to AISC 358. In Europe prequalification criteria are under development within the framework of the ongoing EQUALJOINT research project. Even though the design rules of both approaches are based on the principles of hierarchy of resistances, there are some differences. In order to clarify these aspects, this paper describes both design criteria and rules. In addition, the results of a large parametric finite element investigation are used for discussion.
03.26: Experimental assessment of friction dampers under impact loading
Authors: Santos Ana Francisca , Santiago Aldina , da Silva Luís Simões , Latour Massimo , Rizzano Gianvittorio 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTIn order to enhance the knowledge of the behaviour of steel joints under accidental loading conditions, within the European research project FREEDAM, the behaviour of an innovative beam‐to‐column connection, in particular the dissipative component (friction damper) of the joint under tension, has been studied under impact and quasi‐static conditions.This experimental campaign comprises a total of 6 quasi‐static tests and 35 impact tests on friction pads, that includes three different friction materials, two different plate thicknesses (10mm and 30mm) and two different bolt classes (class 8.8SB or 10.9HR). The impact tests were performed using an experimental layout capable of apply high loading rates by a pneumatic actuator, totally developed and tailored at the University of Coimbra. The results of impact tests compared with the quasi‐static tests show: i) an increase in the component resistance when subjected to impact loads, ii) a reduction in the ductility of the component.
03.33: Experimental assessment of tolerances for the fabrication of laser‐cut steel joints
Authors: Kanyilmaz Alper , Castiglioni Carlo Andrea , Brambilla Giovanni , Gjoka Kristian , Galazzi Andrea , Raso Sergio , Valli Alberto , Brugnolli Marco , Hojda Ralf 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTCircular hollow sections (CHS) represent several advantages, such as uniform behaviour in all directions, possibility to obtain composite behaviour by concrete infill, hence high strength, stability and good fire resistance. Moreover, their aesthetic appeal has a great potential for the decision maker's attention, be that the architect or the building owner. However, they are not widely adopted in practice due to the complexity and high cost of their joint details. EU‐RFCS project LASTEICON (Laser Technology for Innovative Connections in Steel Construction), started on July 2016 [1] proposes simpler joint solutions with reduced fabrication costs, to be adopted between CHS columns and I beams, making use of laser cutting technology (LCT). The primary objective of the LASTEICON project is to overcome the complexity of steel joints between CHS columns and I beams, and let engineers and architects exploit the outstanding structural properties of hollow section profiles. Laser cutting will allow the reduction of the shop fabrication time, obtaining higher precision high quality joint fabrication, and improving workplace safety reducing the amount of manual labor while increasing computer‐programmed automation. This paper presents the preliminary results obtained in the Work‐Package 1 of the LASTEICON project (www.lasteicon.eu), which consisted in a study of tolerance optimization for an efficient fabrication of I‐beam‐to‐CHS column joints.