bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommendations for excision following core needle biopsy of the breast: a contemporary evaluation of the literature
Authors: Calhoun Benjamin C , Collins Laura C 
Published: December 2015

Pathologists frequently encounter non‐malignant histological findings in percutaneous core needle biopsies (CNBs). Standards for the management of patients with lesions such as atypical ductal hyperplasia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, and lobular carcinoma in situ, as well as other benign lesions, are not well defined, and recommendations for surgical biopsy or continued clinical and radiological follow‐up are inconsistent. The frequency with which these lesions are ‘upgraded’ to carcinoma in excision specimens is widely variable in the literature. Many CNB studies lack careful radiological–pathological correlation, clear criteria for excision, and clinical follow‐up for patients on whom excision was not performed. This review of the recent literature emphasizes studies with radiological–pathological correlation, with the goal of developing a contemporary, evidence‐based approach to the management of non‐malignant lesions of the breast diagnosed on CNB. The data supporting an emerging consensus on which lesions may not require excision are highlighted. The management of non‐malignant lesions diagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging‐guided CNB is also discussed.
Pathological criteria and practical issues in papillary lesions of the breast – a review
Authors: Ni Yun‐Bi , Tse Gary M 
Published: December 2015

Papillary lesions of the breast include a broad spectrum of lesions, ranging from benign papilloma, papilloma with atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to papillary carcinoma. The accurate diagnosis of mammary papillary lesions is a challenge for pathologists, owing to the overlapping features among these lesions. In this review, some of the diagnostic criteria of papillary lesions are discussed, with special emphasis on some key morphological features, namely fibrovascular cores, epithelial proliferation in a solid pattern, intraductal papilloma complicated by ADH or DCIS, and invasion and its mimics. The roles of immunohistochemistry, and the interpretation of myoepithelial cell markers, hormone receptors, and high molecular weight cytokeratin, are addressed. Finally, novel biomarkers and genetic aberrations in papillary lesions are summarized.
Breast cancer stem cells: are we ready to go from bench to bedside?
Authors: Lin Chieh‐Yu , Barry‐Holson Keegan Q , Allison Kimberly H 
Published: December 2015

Since the discovery of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) more than 10 years ago, a body of exciting research has developed. The intrinsic properties of BCSCs, including self‐renewal and the ability to give rise to heterogeneous progeny, make BCSCs a likely source of tumour initiation, heterogeneity, progression and metastasis. BCSCs are also inherently resistant to conventional therapies and are therefore thought to contribute to disease recurrence. In this review, we will focus on both the challenges and recent advances in the characterization of BCSCs with respect to phenotype, molecular signature and their role in the behaviour of the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Of most importance is our ability to translate our growing knowledge base into the development of targeted therapies with the goal of reducing adverse outcomes in breast cancer patients.
Umbrella review of the evidence: what factors influence the caring relationship between a nurse and patient?
Authors: Wiechula Rick , Conroy Tiffany , Kitson Alison L. , Marshall Rhianon J. , Whitaker Nancy , Rasmussen Philippa 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to describe the nurse–patient relationships and to study how caring behaviours were described. The review question was: What factors influence the caring relationship between a nurse and patient?BackgroundThere is a growing perception that nurses fail to provide compassionate and competent care. Policy documents prescribe compassion as an essential aspect of care; however, the evidence drawn on remains unclear and without clear applications to practice.DesignUmbrella review methodology, informed by the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, was employed and adapted to enable the inclusion of systematic reviews that were of sufficient methodological quality.Data sourcesAn extensive PsychInfo, Pubmed, CINAHL, Scopus, WoS and Embase search was conducted for literature published from January 2000 ‐ March 2014. Key words included ‘nurse’, ‘patient’ and ‘relationship’ in combination with index terms to find literature published from 2000 onward.Review methodsCritical appraisal, data extraction and synthesis were carried out according to existing guidelines for undertaking umbrella reviews.ResultsTwelve reviews (representing over 290 studies) were included following critical appraisal. Forty‐seven findings were extracted, resulting in 14 categories and six synthesized findings; ‘Expectations of the relationships’ ‘Values’, ‘Knowledge and skills’, ‘Communication’, ‘Context and environment’ and ‘The impact of the relationship’.ConclusionsA substantial body of evidence demonstrates that both patients and nurses have expectations about the nature and importance of the caring relationship. Nurses should be mindful that their behaviours and attitudes need to align with what patients value about the relationship. Context shapes the relationship in positive and negative ways.
Service user involvement in research may lead to contrary rather than collaborative accounts: findings from a qualitative palliative care study
Authors: Forbat Liz , Hubbard Gill 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore what data emerge when former carergivers (co‐researchers) are trained to interview current care‐givers about their experiences.BackgroundDespite a trend of involving service users in conducting research interviews, there have been few examinations of how and whether a common service user identity has an impact on the data generated.DesignFour co‐researchers were recruited, trained and supported to conduct qualitative interviews with 11 current carers of people receiving palliative services. Conversation analysis was used to examine the conversational characteristics of the research interviews. Data were collected in 2010–2011.ResultsConversation analysis identified that interactional difficulties were evident across the data. When co‐researchers talked about their own experiences as carers, interviewees frequently changed the topic of conversation, thereby closing‐down opportunities for further disclosure or elaboration from the interviewee about the original topic.ConclusionConversation analysis identifies how caregiving identities are co‐constructed and points where there is agreement and disagreement in the co‐construction.
Combining molecular and fossil data to infer demographic history of Quercus cerris: insights on European eastern glacial refugia
Authors: Bagnoli F. , Tsuda Y. , Fineschi S. , Bruschi P. , Magri D. , Zhelev P. , Paule L. , Simeone M. C. , González‐Martínez S. C. , Vendramin G. G. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAimPhylogeographical studies of Eastern Mediterranean species are rare. We aim to fill a gap in the current understanding of the role of Eastern Mediterranean glacial refugia, and their connections with other refugia across Europe. To this end, we studied the genetic diversity distribution and genetic structure of the modern population of Quercus cerris in relation to its Quaternary demographic history and to more ancient events.LocationMediterranean Basin; Italian, Balkan, Anatolian peninsulas.MethodsA total of 192 populations were genotyped with six polymorphic chloroplast microsatellites, and the genetic diversity and differentiation of the populations were evaluated. The geographical structure of genetic variation was analysed with a Bayesian clustering method using baps 5.2. The demographic history of Q. cerris was explored by an approximate Bayesian computation procedure using diyabc 2.0. To reconstruct the past distribution of Q. cerris, we also considered the chronology and geographical distribution of fossil records.ResultsThirty‐five haplotypes were found, three of which (together) were found in 71.82% of individuals. Bayesian analysis resulted in three genetically and geographically distinct clusters: a Western group, a Central group, and an Eastern group. The approximate Bayesian computation analysis, together with fossil data, showed a possible bottleneck leading to the divergence of the Eastern and Central populations in the Early Pleistocene (Gelasian). The split into two groups of populations in the Italian and Balkan Peninsulas, respectively, was probably caused by a marked population contraction during a glacial phase of the Middle Pleistocene.Main conclusionsThis study provides information on the potential role of Eastern Europe and the Near East as refugia and as a source for ancient westward range expansions in the Mediterranean region. Our study covers a remarkable gap in European oak phylogeography, showing a putative eastern origin of Q. cerris and the presence of large amounts of genetic diversity in this region.
Past potential habitats shed light on the biogeography of endemic tree species of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, South India
Authors: Bose R. , Munoz F. , Ramesh B. R. , Pélissier R. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAimTo investigate how Quaternary climatic changes affected the habitats that support endemic tree species distributions in a tropical rain forest. Based on past and present predicted species distributions, we assessed (1) whether climatic conditions may have supported species survival in the same area over the studied period, (2) the effect of ecological niche specialization on species‐specific responses, and (3) the persistence of current populations in areas that were more climatically stable over time.LocationWestern Ghats, Western Ghats–Sri Lanka Biodiversity Hotspot, India.MethodsWe assessed species’ current bioclimatic preferences based on their occurrence data using Maxent distribution modelling. The models were projected onto past climatic conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Last Interglacial (LIG) to assess the extent of changes in species’ predicted distributions through time. Further, we tested whether species’ current occurrences were located non‐randomly in pixels predicted to have been suitable in the past. Finally, we characterized species‐specific responses in relation to plausible biogeographical scenarios.ResultsWe identified three distinct scenarios of species’ responses to past climate changes – stability, contraction and shift – depending on their bioclimatic preferences. For high‐elevation species, the cool, dry LGM was less restrictive than for medium‐elevation and northern lowland species. Southernmost species requiring minimal seasonality were restricted by higher LIG seasonality, and only predicted to have been present in Sri Lanka at that time. Barring these southernmost narrow endemics, past suitable habitat, within which observed current occurrences are located, were predicted for most species.Main conclusionsPalaeoclimate modelling reveals the likely local persistence of most Western Ghats endemics over the last 150 kyr, a relatively recent period in this Paleogene refugium. The large spectrum of bioclimatic preferences probably arose as a result of evolutionary events prior to the Quaternary. Our results highlight the need for further studies based on molecular phylogenetics in this relatively poorly studied biodiversity hotspot.
Telocytes: novel interstitial cells present in the testis parenchyma of the Chinese soft‐shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis
Authors: Yang Ping , Ahmad Nisar , Hunag Yufei , Ullah Shakeeb , Zhang Qian , Waqas Yasir , Liu Yi , Li Quanfu , Hu Lisi , Chen Qiusheng 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTelocytes (TCs) are novel interstitial cells that have been found in various organs, but the existence of TCs in the testes has not yet been reported. The present ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study revealed the existence of TCs and differentiate these cells from the peritubular cells (Pc) in contact with the surrounding structures in the testes. Firstly, our results confirmed the existence of two cell types surrounding seminiferous tubules; these were Pc (smooth muscle like characteristics) and TCs (as an outer layer around Pc). Telocytes and their long thin prolongations called telopodes (Tps) were detected as alternations of thin segments (podomers) and thick bead‐like portions (podoms), the latter of which accommodate the mitochondria and vesicles. The spindle and irregularly shaped cell bodies were observed with small amounts of cytoplasm around them. In contrast, the processes of Pc contained abundant actin filaments with focal densities, irregular spine‐like outgrowths and nuclei that exhibited irregularities similar to those of smooth muscle cells. The TCs connected with each other via homocellular and heterocellular junctions with Pc, Leydig cells and blood vessels. The Tps of the vascular TCs had bands and shed more vesicles than the other TCs. Immunohistochemistry (CD34) revealed strong positive expression within the TC cell bodies and Tps. Our data confirmed the existence and the contact of TCs with their surroundings in the testes of the Chinese soft‐shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis, which may offer new insights for understanding the function of the testes and preventing and treating testicular disorders.
Effect of Combined Pretreatment with Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water and Botanic Biopreservative on Quality and Shelf Life of Bombay Duck (Harpadon nehereus)
Authors: Chen Jing , Xu Bin , Deng Shanggui , Huang Yuting 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSlightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) and ebony–bamboo leaves complex extracts (EBLCE) were applied to extend the shelf life of the Bombay duck (Harpadon nehereus). The changes of quality indicators, including total viable count, total volatile basic nitrogen, peroxide values, thiobarbituric acid, pH values, whiteness and the sensory scores demonstrated that combination of SAEW and EBLCE had the strongest antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. Use of the combined pretreatment extended the shelf life for approximately 12 days, while pretreatment with SAEW or EBLCE alone resulted in 8‐day extension when compared with the control group. Therefore, combined pretreatment with SAEW and EBLCE could effectively keep the freshness and prolong the shelf life of the Bombay duck.Practical ApplicationsAquatic products are extremely perishable foods and are prone to decomposition by the action of bacteria, which leads to the decrease of quality and shelf life, as well as the increase of health risks. Even though different methods have been employed for the preservation of aquatic products, which are highly susceptible to spoilage, they do not completely inhibit the quality deterioration. The present study provides a potential and attractive alternative to other preservative methods, which is of value in aquatic product industry, and is critical in improving quality and extending shelf life.
Meat Tenderness Genetic and Genomic Variation Sources in Commercial Beef Cattle
Authors: Rubio Lozano María Salud , Alfaro‐Zavala Selene , Sifuentes‐Rincón Ana María , Parra‐Bracamonte Gaspar Manuel , Braña Varela Diego , Medina Rubén Danilo Méndez , Pérez Linares Cristina , Ríos Rincón Francisco , Sánchez Escalante Armida , Torrescano Urrutia Gastón , Figueroa Saavedra Fernando 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTo assess genetic group (GGR; Bos indicus [Bi], Bos taurus [Bt] and crosses [BtxBi]) and to confirm the calpain (CAPN316 and CAPN4751) and calpastatin (CAST‐T1) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects on Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF), 196 animals under commercial conditions were analyzed. A model was fitted including the effect of GGR and considering residuals as adjusted WBSF (aWBSF). Another model was fitted to evaluate the SNP effect on aWBSF. Allele substitution effect (α) and combined favorable alleles in CAPN and CAST on aWBSF were evaluated. GGR showed a significant effect (P < 0.0001) on WBSF; Bt and BtxBi had the lower WBSF. CAPN316 showed significant effect on aWBSF with an α = −0.549 kg. The combined effect of CAPN and CAST showed significant (P < 0.0056) reduction on aWBSF of 0.239 kg by favorable allele. The results remarked the importance of GGR and confirmed CAPN316 and combined effect of CAPN and CAST on prediction of meat tenderness.Practical ApplicationsKnowledge of main factors related to tenderness, as a key related factor to beef consumer satisfaction, would serve as a resource for commercial beef classification and management under slaughterhouse conditions. Confirmation on combined marker effects provides strong validation for marker‐assisted management use of these technologies under industry conditions. Additionally, the presented results may be used as a reference for research in the beef industry aimed to provide improvement on beef tenderness to the final product.
Genetic Characterization of Enterococcus Faecalis N1‐33 Bacteriocin and Obtained of the Mutant Strain that Produce Many Bacteriocin by Novobiocin Agent Effect, its Merit as A Food Preservative in Steamed Rice Model
Authors: Hata Tomomi , Sato Toyoki , Morimitsu Yasujiro 
Published: December 2015

AbstractEnterococcus faecalis strain N1‐33 produces a peptide that shows bacteriocin activity, enterocin MR10A (EntMR10A). We cloned and sequenced the structural gene of the EntMR10A locus (entMR10A), and the peripheral region of entMR10A was analyzed. Inverted repeat‐like structure was found for at both ends of entMR10A and so that it suggested entMR10A of strain N1‐33 could be formed from an insertion sequence. Attempting to eliminate the plasmid from strain N1‐33 using the plasmid‐curing agent novobiocin was obtained the mutant strain of N1‐33 which seemed to overproduction of bacteriocin than the original strain, termed N41‐51. The number of originated bacteriocin structural genes detected by real‐time PCR showed that its level of the strain N41‐51 was about twofold higher than that of N1‐33, and correspondingly appeared to produce about twofold more bacteriocin compared with the original strain in these culture broth, respectively. This difference as a food preservative potential was examined whether it proves the same result in the actual food systems, by using steamed rice. The culture supernatant of strain N41‐51 has confirmed to inhibit the growth of Bacillus cereus by significantly less amount added to steamed rice than that of N1‐33.Practical ApplicationsBesides having it with their usual meals, Japanese often eat steamed rice such as rice balls and in their lunch. The most important point we care at these cases is the food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus, and thus, growth inhibition of B. cereus in steamed rice has been an important task for food industry. In this study, efficacy of the bacteriocin produced by Enterococcus faecalis N1‐33 against B. cereus in steamed rice had shown. The difference in bacteriocin activity of the wild‐type strain N1‐33 and its mutant strain N41‐51, which showed about twice as much bacteriocin production, was also reshown well in the actual food system. Also that, the high bacteriocin producing strain of N1‐33, termed N41‐51, could be obtained with a simple plasmid curing process.
Renin‐Angiotensin‐Aldosterone System Blockers in Elderly Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease without Diabetes Mellitus or Proteinuria
Authors: Arora Pradeep , Golzy Mojgan , Patel Nilang , Quigg Richard , Carter Randolph L. , Lohr James W. 
Published: December 2015

ObjectivesTo compare the effect of renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers with that of other antihypertensive agents on outcomes in a cohort of elderly veterans with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) without diabetes mellitus or proteinuria.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingVeterans Affairs (VA) Upstate New York Healthcare System.ParticipantsAll participants were seen in primary care clinic in Veterans Integrated Service Network 2, which comprises five VA medical centers and 29 community‐based outpatient clinics, from April 2001 to April 2008. Veterans with incident CKD who were taking antihypertensive medications and did not have proteinuria or diabetes mellitus on the date of onset of CKD were selected from this population.MeasurementsThe outcome variables studied were progression of kidney disease (doubling of serum creatinine level or Stage 5 CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <15 mL/min per 1.73 m2)), all‐cause mortality, and combined outcome.ResultsAnalysis included 2,474 participants, 47.9% of whom were taking RAAS blockers at baseline and the rest other antihypertensives. Time‐varying Cox proportional hazards analyses did not reveal a statistically significant difference in primary combined outcome in participants taking RAAS blockers and those taking other antihypertensives (hazard ratio = 1.09, 95% confidence interval = 0.93–1.27). There was also no significant effect on individual outcomes (death or progression of kidney disease).ConclusionUse of RAAS blockers was not associated with less hazard of combined and individual outcomes (doubling of serum creatinine, Stage 5 CKD, death) in elderly veterans with incident CKD without diabetes mellitus or proteinuria.
The Environmental Impact of Two Australian Rock Lobster Fishery Supply Chains under a Changing Climate
Authors: van Putten Ingrid E. , Farmery Anna K. , Green Bridget S. , Hobday Alistair J. , Lim‐Camacho Lilly , Norman‐López Ana , Parker Robert W. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryUnderstanding the potential future impacts of climate change along the supply chain for highly traded fisheries products can inform choices to enhance future global seafood security. We examine the supply chains of the Australian tropical rock lobster fishery (TRL) and southern rock lobster fishery (SRL), with similar destination markets but different catch methods and fishing communities. A boat‐to‐market analysis allows for comparison and illustration of the effects of single supply‐chain aspects. We used life cycle assessment to provide an overview of the environmental footprint, expressed as global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication, and cumulative energy demand, for two lobster products: live animals and frozen tails. The export phase contributed 44% and 56% of GWP of live‐weight lobster for SRL and TRL, respectively. The SRL fishery currently produces 68% of the combined 1,806.7 tonnes of lobster product and 78% of the combined global warming for the two fisheries over the whole supply chain. We develop climate adaptation options that: (1) reduce the overall footprint; (2) consider alternative supply‐chain strategies (e.g., reduce cost); and (3) predicted impact of future climate change. Adaptation options include: more direct export routes and change in the export transport mode. Value adding and product differentiation, which can level out seasonality and thus spread risk, is likely to become increasingly important for both increases and decreases in predicted climate‐induced abundance of fish species.