bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linked-evidence modelling of qualitative G6PD testing to inform low- and intermediate-dose primaquine treatment for radical cure of Plasmodium vivax
Authors: Gatton Michelle L. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Radical cure of Plasmodium vivax infections is key to the control of vivax malaria. However, the standard doses of 8-aminoquinoline drugs used for radical cure can cause severe haemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients. The availability of near-patient G6PD tests could increase use of primaquine (PQ), however direct evidence of the impacts that G6PD testing has on downstream patient outcomes, such as haemolysis and recurrence is lacking.

Methodology/Principle findings
A linked-evidence model was created to investigate changes in the number of severe haemolysis events and P. vivax recurrences within 6 months of treatment when qualitative G6PD testing was used to guide PQ treatment (0.25mg/kg/day for 14 days and 0.5mg/kg/day for 7 days), compared to prescribing 14-day PQ with no G6PD testing. In the model patients identified as G6PD-deficient received 8-week PQ (0.75mg/kg/week). The model was used to simulate scenarios with 1%, 5% and 10% prevalence of G6PD-deficiency (G6PDd) in theoretical populations of 10,000 male and female P. vivax patients and initially assumed 100% adherence to the prescribed PQ regiment. Results illustrate that G6PD testing to guide the 14-day PQ regiment reduced severe haemolysis by 21–80% and increased recurrences by 3–6%, compared to applying the 14-day PQ regiment without G6PD testing. Results for the 7-day PQ regiment informed by G6PD testing were mixed, dependent on G6PDd prevalence and sex. When adherence to the PQ regiments was less than perfect the model predicted reductions in the number of recurrences at all prevalence levels, provided adherence to 7-day PQ was 5–10% higher than adherence to the 14-day regiment.

Conclusions/Significance
Introduction of G6PD testing to guide PQ treatment reduces severe haemolysis events for the 14-day regiment, and the 7-day regiment in higher G6PDd prevalence settings, compared to use of 14-day PQ without G6PD testing when all patients adhere to the prescribed PQ treatment. At a population level, there were increases in recurrences, but this could be resolved when the 7-day regiment was used and had superior adherence compared to the 14-day regiment.
Identifying crucial lncRNAs and mRNAs in hypoxia-induced A549 lung cancer cells and investigating their underlying mechanisms via high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Lin Lin , Deng Lili , Bao Yongxia 
Published: September 2024

Background
Rapid proliferation and outgrowth of tumor cells frequently result in localized hypoxia, which has been implicated in the progression of lung cancer. The present study aimed to identify key long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) involved in hypoxia-induced A549 lung cancer cells, and to investigate their potential underlying mechanisms of action.

Methods
High-throughput sequencing was utilized to obtain the expression profiles of lncRNA and mRNA in both hypoxia-induced and normoxia A549 lung cancer cells. Subsequently, a bioinformatics analysis was conducted on the differentially expressed molecules, encompassing functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) analysis. Finally, the alterations in the expression of key lncRNAs and mRNAs were validated using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR).

Results
In the study, 1155 mRNAs and 215 lncRNAs were identified as differentially expressed between the hypoxia group and the normoxia group. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were significantly enriched in various pathways, including the p53 signaling pathway, DNA replication, and the cell cycle. Additionally, key lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA relationships, such as RP11-58O9.2-hsa-miR-6749-3p-XRCC2 and SNAP25-AS1-hsa-miR-6749-3p-TENM4, were identified. Notably, the qPCR assay demonstrated that the expression of SNAP25-AS1, RP11-58O9.2, TENM4, and XRCC2 was downregulated in the hypoxia group compared to the normoxia group. Conversely, the expression of LINC01164, VLDLR-AS1, RP11-14I17.2, and CDKN1A was upregulated.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest a potential involvement of SNAP25-AS1, RP11-58O9.2, TENM4, XRCC2, LINC01164, VLDLR-AS1, RP11-14I17.2, and CDKN1A in the development of hypoxia-induced lung cancer. These key lncRNAs and mRNAs exert their functions through diverse mechanisms, including the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) pathway.
Characteristics of patients with diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young, according to the Russian diabetes registry
Authors: Rusyaeva N. V. , Kononenko I. V. , Vikulova O. K. , Isakov M. A. , Shestakova M. V. , Mokrysheva N. G. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Molecular genetic testing (MGT) is increasingly accessible, improving diagnosis of monogenic diabetes (DM), particularly maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). While most MODY research focuses on pediatric populations, diagnosis is possible after age 18. The Federal Diabetes Registry (FDR) offers unique insights into real-world management of MODY patients.AIM: To analyze the clinical features of DM onset, carbohydrate metabolism, complications, and hypoglycemic therapy (HT) in patients with the main types of MODY based on the FDR data.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of the FDR was conducted. All patients with registered MODY diagnoses (MODY-1, MODY-2, MODY-3, or other) as of June 1, 2023, were included. The specified MODY type was considered indicative of prior MGT. Direct MGT results are not recorded in the FDR.RESULTS: The study included 640 patients. MODY2 was the most prevalent type (69.4%), followed by MODY1 (18.2%) and MODY3 (12.4%). The median age of DM diagnosis was 19 years for MODY1, 10 years for MODY2, and 14 years for MODY3. The majority of patients (71.4%) were diagnosed with MODY before the age of 18 years.While 61% of MODY2 patients received monotherapy with diet, others received various ADT. Sulfonylureas were commonly prescribed for MODY3 patients (45.8%), and for a smaller portion of MODY1 patients (14.1%). Insulin therapy was more frequent in MODY1 and 3 (35.9% and 31.2%, respectively). The target glycated hemoglobin level was achieved in 82% of MODY2 patients and in 50.7% and 52.9% of MODY1 and 3 patients, respectively.Diabetic complications were observed in 6.04% of MODY2 patients, 23.0% of MODY1 patients, and 22.0% of MODY3 patients. Specific complications included diabetic retinopathy (5.75%, 1.21%, and 3.39% in MODY1, MODY2, and MODY3, respectively), diabetic nephropathy (10.3%, 2.11%, and 11.9%), and diabetic polyneuropathy (14.9%, 4.53%, and 15.3%).CONCLUSION: The FDR analysis revealed real-world practice patterns in MODY management, highlighting a lack of standardized treatment approaches and potentially unnecessary insulin use. These findings, coupled with an expected rise in MODY diagnoses, underscore the need for clinical guidelines for this population.
Enhancing data security using Laplacian of Gaussian and Chacha20 encryption algorithm
Authors: Fadhil Fadhil Abbas , Hussien Alhilo Farah Tawfiq Abdul , Abdulhadi Mohammed T. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Concealing sensitive information inside multimedia is very interesting in secure communication due to its wide application. This study discusses the different difficulties involved in embedding the ciphertext inside video frame without affecting the imperceptibility and the strength resistance against different cyberattacks. The main goal of this study is to suggest a novel technique to conceal encrypted data inside video frames securely. This is done by combining the Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) edge detection algorithm and Chacha20 encryption algorithm. LoG facilitates to detect the suitable location inside video frame for concealing data. While ChaCha20 is used to encrypt data before embedding them inside these locations, which augmenting data security. The proposed method involves sequence of steps involving detecting edges inside video frames, determining the suitable edges for concealing data, encrypting data by XORing it with the encryption key which is generated using ChaCha20 algorithm, embedding the encrypted data inside the determined edges, and then reconstruct the video frame to rebuild the video that involves the concealed encrypted data and keeping the lowest level of visual distortion. The experimental results showed that combining these two approaches provide fast, robust, and secure method, which can be seen by evaluating the system using mean square error, peak signal-to-noise ratio, correlation, number of pixels change rate, unified average changing intensity, and entropy, these evaluation metrics provide excellent results. This study suggests a strong and novel method to embed the encrypted data inside video frames which can be employed in secure communication, copyright protection, and data authentication. Merging LoG and ChaCha20 algorithms produce perfect results in both security and visual perception quality, that provides a means for farther achievement in secure data embedding techniques.
Advanced neuroimaging and criminal interrogation in lie detection
Authors: Opancina Valentina , Sebek Vladimir , Janjic Vladimir 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Hidden information is the key to many security issues. If there is a reliable method to determine whether someone withholds information, many issues of this type can be resolved. However, until now, no method has proven to be reliable, but technical discoveries in the field of neuroimaging have caused a surge of new research in this area. Many neuroimaging techniques can be used, but functional magnetic resonance is the newest method, and its use in extracting and evaluating information from subjects could be the most significant, given that it records brain states in parallel with current mental activity/behavior, enabling the establishment of correlational links between them. Because the brain state displayed during fMRI imaging is the dependent variable measured during stimulus/task condition manipulation, it is necessary to use fMRI data in combination with complementary criminal interrogation techniques to gather information. This could be particularly important when standard interrogational techniques are not enough in order to preserve the common good, especially in “ticking bomb” situations. In this study, we review aspects of the possibility of utilizing advanced neuroimaging in combination with criminal interrogation in cases of serious criminal acts that threaten public safety.
Reproductive genetics and health
Authors: Wyrwoll Margot J. , Steingröver Johanna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For those affected, infertility is linked to impaired overall health and reduced life expectancy. In particular, infertile individuals bear an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and different types of cancer, partially due to lifestyle differences and to genetic alterations that cause both infertility and an increased cancer risk. Genetic variants causing an increased CVD risk are more commonly found in infertile individuals, but their link to infertility remains unclear. Offspring of infertile couples, conceived via medically assisted reproduction, are as likely as their parents to exhibit or develop adiposity, hormonal alterations such as insulin resistance, and infertility. The effects on health of subsequent generations are completely unclear.
The hydrated double salt structure of (E)-4-(2-benzylidenehydrazine-1-carbonyl)pyridin-1-ium cation with 2-hydroxybenzoate and benzoate anions
Authors: Setshedi Itumeleng B. , Mokoto Tebogo M. L. , Smith Mark G. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
2(C13H12N3O)+, 2(C7H4.5O2.5)−, 2(H2O), orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 8.2775(5) Å, b = 12.6054(9) Å, c = 35.082(2) Å, V = 3,660.5(4) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0663, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1864, T = 173 K.
Emphasizing autonomic dysregulation evaluation contributes to the diagnosis of ROHHAD syndrome
Authors: Wang Yi , Xu Yingying , Xie Rongrong , Cao Bingyan , Ding Yuan , Guo Jiayun , Li Xiaoqiao , Ni Xiaolin , Yuan Zheng , Chen Linqi , Liang Liyang , Gong Chunxiu 
Published: September 2024

Objective
Rapid-onset obesity with hypoventilation, hypothalamic dysfunction, and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) is rare, and manifestations of autonomic dysregulation are diverse and may be overlooked. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of these manifestations.

Methods
Patients with ROHHAD syndrome reported before and after 2019 were divided into groups 1 and 2. Patients who were diagnosed at three regional hospitals in China were included in group 3. We collected the age of each specific term of the ROHHAD (neurogenic tumor, NET) acronym and the detailed manifestations of each term, and compared them among the three groups.

Results
A total of 16 patients were diagnosed within the 2-year period. Two had neurogenic tumors and cognitive and behavioral abnormalities before developing rapid obesity. At least 93.8% of the patients had ≥ 4 symptoms of autonomic dysregulation. When comparing autonomic dysregulation among groups 1–3, the rates of cardiovascular manifestations were NA vs 12.8% vs 81.2%; gastrointestinal disturbances were 11.4% vs 8.5% vs 62.5%; strabismus was 25.7% vs 12.8% vs 62.5%; sleep disturbance was NA vs 6.4% vs 50.0%; and abnormal pain threshold was NA vs 10.6% vs 25.0% (all P < 0.05). The rates of cognitive and behavioral abnormalities were NA vs 29.8% and 87.5% (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
Rapid-onset obesity is not always the first sign of ROHHAD syndrome. Higher rates of autonomic dysregulation and cognitive and behavioral abnormalities with multiple manifestations of autonomic dysregulation coexisted in our cohort, indicating that evaluations of autonomic function and the limbic system should be strengthened when assessing this condition.
Residents’ Communication With Attendings About Uncertainty: A Single-Site Longitudinal Survey
Authors: Kerr Anna M. , Thompson Charee M. , Stewart Claire A. , Rakowsky Alexander 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE
Managing uncertainty is a core competency of pediatric residents. However, discussing uncertainty with attending physicians can be challenging. Research is needed to understand residents’ goals when communicating about uncertainty with attending physicians and how residents’ perceptions of communication change during residency. Therefore, we assessed changes in residents’ perceptions of their own ability to communicate uncertainty and their perceptions of attending physicians’ willingness to discuss uncertainty effectively. We also identify residents’ goals and challenges communicating uncertainty.

METHODS
We conducted a 3-year (2018–2021) survey with 2 cohorts of residents at a US children’s hospital. Of the 106 eligible residents, 100 enrolled and completed Phase I (94% response rate), 61 of the enrolled residents completed Phase II (61% response rate), and 53 completed Phase III (53% response rate). We employed hierarchical linear modeling to account for clustering of the data (Phases within residents) and to assess changes in communication efficacy and target efficacy over time. We coded open-ended responses to identify residents’ communication goals and challenges.

RESULTS
Communication efficacy and target efficacy significantly increased over time. Open-ended responses indicated that residents managed multiple task, identity, and relational goals. Residents described persistent challenges related to wanting to appear competent and working with attending physicians who were unwilling to discuss uncertainty.

CONCLUSIONS
Although residents may grow more confident communicating uncertainty, such conversations are complex and can present challenges throughout residency. Our results support the value of training on communication about uncertainty, not only for residents, but also attending physicians.
Genetic Profiles of Y-Specific STR Markers Included in a Database Increase the Resolution of Sexual Crimes in the State of Goiás, Brazil
Authors: De Oliveira Lázaro e Arão Grasielly , Rodrigues Carvalho Nígela , Mota Mariana Flavia , De Oliveira Godinho Neide Maria , Cidália Vieira Gigonzag Thaís 
Published: September 2024

Considering that the vast majority of sex crimes are perpetrated by men, Y-STR molecular markers have become a valuable tool in criminal investigations. The Y-chromosome has shown promise in the identification of male DNA from samples, especially when this DNA occurs in small amounts or is mixed with genetic material of female origin, as it is commonly the case in vaginal swabs from rape exams. Given the high risk of recidivism among sexually violent offenders, the present study evaluates the effectiveness of an in-house Y-chromosome STR marker genetic profile database (BPG-YSTR) as a tool in the investigation of sex crimes in the state of Goiás, Brazil. We analyzed cases of sexual violence involving biological samples that tested positive and negative for spermatozoa, registered in the Superintendence of the Technical-Scientific Police of the state of Goiás. DNA extraction was performed by differential lysis using the PrepFiler Express™ (Applied Biosystems®) kit. DNA quantification was performed by Real-Time PCR, while amplification was performed with commercial multiplex AmpFlSTR ®Yfiler™ (AppliedBiosystems®), PowerPlex® Y23 (Promega) or Yfiler™ Plus (AppliedBiosystems®) kits. Amplification products were separated by capillary electrophoresis in the ABI 3500 genetic analyzer®(AppliedBiosystems®). The inclusion of 595 haplotypic profiles in the BPG-YSTR identified genetic matches between biological evidence samples of sexual crimes involving 28 offenders and 126 victims. In 24.7% of the cases, the matches were identified exclusively by the BPG-YSTR, which means that analyses involving Y-chromosome markers added valuable information to the investigation of serial crimes in almost 1/4 of the cases. Therefore, Y-STR specific markers were shown to be a promising tool in the assistance of criminal investigations involving sexual crimes.
Injustiças socioespaciais e ambientais no contexto urbano: uma análise espacial e de percepção sobre uso, localização e acesso aos parques urbanos na cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Silva Maria Aline Lopes da , Bezerra Anselmo César Vasconcelos , Silva Carlos Eduardo Menezes da 
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a distribuição dos parques na cidade do Recife e comparar o acesso a três parques com características socioambientais distintas em seu entorno, à luz do conceito de justiça socioespacial. A partir da distribuição espacial dos onze parques urbanos da cidade do Recife aprofundamos a análise para três parques: Jaqueira, Macaxeira e Caiara. A escolha dos três se deu por serem próximos geograficamente, mas situados em áreas com características socioeconômicas distintas. A primeira análise se deu a partir de indicadores socioeconômicos em nível de setores censitários do entorno. E a segunda análise se deu através de questionários com usuários dos parques. Os parques urbanos estão ganhando destaque por sua importância como verdadeiros oásis de promoção de bem-estar. No entanto o acesso a este tipo de espaço ainda ocorre de maneira desigual, em especial em países em desenvolvimento. Existe uma distribuição desigual dos parques urbanos na cidade do Recife. Os parques estão majoritariamente localizados em áreas com melhores indicadores de renda, e maior concentração de população branca. Os parques em áreas menos abastadas apresentam um menor deslocamento das pessoas que frequentam. E os parques em áreas mais abastadas apresentam melhores avaliações na percepção sobre as características físicas. De maneira geral, os parques urbanos do Recife apresentam distribuição desigual em relação ao território municipal, e consequentemente de acesso. A partir da análise em relação a localização dos parques, esses espaços não contemplam todas as camadas sociais e concentram-se nas zonas mais bem avaliadas da cidade. São espaços bem mais presentes e próximos em áreas onde os indicadores socioambientais são melhores.
Assessing the level of production capacity utilization in the country’s oil and gas sector using aggregated information
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Akhundov Vidadi J. , Rustamov Ilham S. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: September 2024

"Production capacity characterizes the capabilities of an enterprise to produce products. If the production capacity of an enterprise is not fully utilized, this leads to an increase in the share of fixed costs, an increase in production costs, and a decrease in profitability. The purpose of the study is to develop the theoretical foundations and development of methodological provisions for determining and using production capacities in the oil and gas sector of the country. The article discusses the process of assessing the level of capacity utilization in the country's oil and gas sector, which is justified by calculations of production capacity. When planning them, it is recommended to take into account the features of the drilling enterprise. In practice, the “number of completed well drilling” indicator plan is usually adopted as the main indicator at drilling enterprises. A rule has been proposed for determining the maximum quantity of the indicator “number of completed well drillings” as the main indicator of the activity of drilling enterprises in current production conditions. Then the number of wells a drilling company can deliver at its current production capacity is compared with the number of wells actually delivered. The actual utilization of production capacity in the industry is analyzed, its level of utilization, and the reasons associated with the deviation from the full utilization of equipment productivity are highlighted. When determining the level of production capacity utilization, the “maximum production capacity” indicator of drilling enterprises is calculated. Next, a model is proposed for calculating the level of production capacity utilization in the country’s oil and gas sector. At the SOCAR (State Oil Company of the Azerbaijan Republic) company level, a cost expression is used to assess the level of capacity utilization. The reason for this is the variety of activities of the organizations included in the сompany and at the same time the variety of equipment. When analyzing the extent to which existing production capacity is used at the company level, it was proposed to use the indicator “limit of effective use of equipment”. The results obtained showed that the proposed methods make it possible to assess the level of use of the equipment fleet and the activities of the enterprise or the company.