bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strained van der Waals Metallic Magnet for Photomagnetic Modulation and Spin Photodiode Application
Authors: Hu Liang , Liu Fuhao , Quan Qinglin , Lu Chenxi , Yu Senjiang , Li Lingwei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAll‐optical magnetization reversal provides a low‐power approach for investigating spin state manipulation in 2D magnets. However, the ambient observation of photomagnetic coupling presents significant challenges due to the low Curie temperatures exhibited by most 2D magnets. Herein, a mixed‐dimensional heterostructure comprising a surface‐oxidized Fe3GeTe2 nanosheet with enhanced magnetic properties and individual semiconducting ZnO nanorod is proposed to explore proximity photomagnetic modulation and spin‐enhanced photodetection behaviors. The surface curvature of ZnO nanorod induces pronounced strains for Fe3GeTe2 nanosheet, leading to its anomalous Raman polarization and spin ordering at room temperature. Strain‐activated itinerant spin electrons are immobilized on the O‐2p orbitals of adjacent ZnO, thereby facilitating the optical demagnetization process in Fe3GeTe2 without aid of magnetic field. First‐principles calculations together with in situ characterization experiments further confirm that the primary charge transfer channel involves coupling between Fe3+ and oxygen vacancy defects anchored at heterointerfaces. The rapid establishment of magnetization by illumination in ZnO nanorod contributes to spin‐tunneling‐enhanced photocurrent, device response dynamics, polarization detection and ultraviolet imaging capability. These findings offer valuable insights to optimize the optoelectronic properties of conventional semiconductors and advance complex dimensional spin‐optoelectronic devices.
Reshaping Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment Using Ferroptosis/Cuproptosis Nanosensitizers for Enhanced Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: He Chenxi , Zhu Nan , Chen Ying , Zheng Yinfei , Chen Siwen , Wu Zede , Zheng Shuting , Hu Honglei , Qi Li , Hou Meirong , Shen Zheyu , Zhao Bingxia , Guo Weihong , Yan Chenggong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRadiotherapy, a traditional cancer treatment, not only controls local tumor growth but also potentially induces immunogenic cell death, initiating systemic immune responses. However, radiotherapy resistance and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments often limit the potency of radiation‐induced anti‐tumor immune responses, rendering them insufficient for clinical applications. Consequently, trimetallic nanoparticles are constructed with dual enzymatic activity, AuBiCu‐distearoyl phosphoethanolamine‐PEG nanoparticles (AuBiCu‐PEG NPs), to synergistically improve radiotherapy resistance through X‐ray deposition, hypoxia alleviation, and ferroptosis and cuproptosis induction. This approach promotes radiotherapy‐induced immunogenic cell death and boosts anti‐tumor immune responses. Furthermore, AuBiCu‐PEG NPs effectively reversed radiation‐induced upregulation of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD‐L1), inhibit tumor immune evasion, and reshaped the immune microenvironment. Non‐invasive and real‐time longitudinal monitoring of nanoparticle accumulation in tumors can be achieved using spectral computed tomography (CT) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging. In summary, the designed AuBiCu‐PEG NPs serve as promising nanoplatforms for immune microenvironment remodeling and can be used in multimodal molecular imaging‐guided ferroptosis‐cuproptosis‐enhanced radiotherapy.
Regional Electron Delocalization Regulation Internalizes the Reduced‐Order‐Transformation of Polysulfides
Authors: Li Keke , Li Tong , Wang Zhengyi , Shi Kaixiang , Sun Yajie , Li Junhao , Ren Jie , Lu Anbang , Li Xu , Liu Quanbing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe step‐order or disproportionation conversion of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) is still a blind box in LiS batteries (LSBs) system. The cation‐doped electrocatalyst (Fe‐CoS2@HCNF) is designed through modulating electron‐surrounding situation of the central atomic d‐band to promote regional electron‐directed LiPSs reduced‐order‐transformation (especially, Li2S4Li2S). Fe‐CoS2@HCNF satisfies the requirement of mass (electron/ion) transfer reaction, quantizing as multi‐osmosis‐connected transportation channels and an all‐encompassing interior space for sulfur reduction occurring. Based on experiments and DFT calculations, the introduced Fe presents a local electron deficiency state toward regulating regional electron delocalization between Fe and Co matrix, which induces the d‐band state of the metal site, strengthening the metal 3d orbital coupling interaction with S2−of LiPSs, further guiding the order‐transformation of intermediate LiPSs. Consequently, the Fe‐CoS2@HCNF electrode has excellent electrochemical properties, performing at 3.0 C with 0.064 % capacity decay per cycle, and even maintaining super cycle stability at a high sulfur loadings. In addition, the pouch cell assembled can also reach an initial specific capacity of 1070.3 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, which can still show good long‐term cycle stability. This work provides a valuable prospect for analyzing SRR intermediate state by regional electron flow regulation of electrocatalyst in practical LSBs.
Precisely Engineering a ROS‐Regulatable Decellularized Matrix to Rejuvenate Endogenous Repair for Heart Valve Remodeling in Diabetic Cohort
Authors: Guo Gaoyang , Zhao Zhiyu , Du Xingzhuang , Yang Fan , Wang Yunbing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe reconstruction of a heart valve through in situ tissue engineering remains a formidable challenge, particularly for patients with diabetes mellitus, because the pathophysiological alterations associated with diabetes substantially impair the cardiovascular system's intrinsic repair capacity. In this study, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation are integrated into the fabrication of pro‐endothelialization interfaces to counteract the adverse repair environment. Specifically, a heparin‐mimicking alginate‐derived glycopeptide and the natural ROS scavenger melanin are modified onto the surface of a decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM). This tailored interface significantly enhances endothelial cell (EC) adhesion while reducing platelet adhesion. The incorporation of melanin effectively suppresses ROS elevation in ECs and macrophages under hyperglycemic conditions. Consequently, this intervention promotes EC rejuvenation by enhancing proliferation, migration, and anti‐apoptotic capabilities, while concurrently attenuating the release of inflammatory and pro‐fibrotic factors by macrophages. The dECM is intravascularly implanted in a diabetic rabbit model after being fabricated into a covered stent, demonstrating favorable remodeling characteristics such as enhanced endothelialization and reduced fibrotic deposition. This scaffold design, specifically tailored to the pathological conditions of diabetes, offers a precise biomaterial strategy for in situ heart valve tissue engineering.
A Soft Mimic Robotic Arm Powered by Dielectric Elastomer Actuator
Authors: Wang Yuhao , Wu Wenju , Li Shushan , Jiang Yingjie , Zang Wenpeng , Fu Wenhan , Hao Xuesong , Ning Nanying , Tian Ming , Zhang Liqun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGiven the great importance of human‐robot collaboration (HRC), the development of robotic arms tends to prioritize high flexibility, safety as well as low energy consumption. Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), with their high energy density and lightweight characteristics, present a promising alternative for the design of soft robotic arms suitable for HRC setting. Hence, a soft mimic robotic arm powered by dual cone DEA (DCDEA) driver unit is developed that demonstrates high energy density and low energy consumption. The resultant elaborate DCDEA driver unit exhibits a significant bi‐direction actuation stroke with a high load‐to‐weight ratio up to 1,300, ensuring sufficient mechanical power output for powering the robotic arm. The well‐designed efficient transmission mechanism and control system together with DCDEA allow the robotic arm to conduct lifting and twisting action, mimicking the movements of a human arm. During the transportation of a 10 g weight, the robotic arm consumes only ≈35 mJ of energy, while achieving an energy density of 42.1 J kg−1. Encased in soft outer shells, the robotic arm displays full flexibility, high safety, and excellent impact resistance, underscoring its potential as a next‐generation soft robotic arm for HRC setting.
A Cooperative and Multifunctional Magnetic Continuum Robot for Noninteractive Access, Dexterous Navigation, and Versatile Manipulation
Authors: Yang Peng , Mao Liyang , Tian Chenyao , Meng Xianghe , Xie Hui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSoft continuum robots can navigate through narrow and tortuous lumina. However, its interactions with the lumina during steering pose a risk of luminal injuries, especially if it integrates multifunctional units, which increase both the robot's size and local stiffness. Therefore, a continuum robot comprising coaxially assembled Guider and Follower components is designed that utilize phase change materials for noninteractive navigation and versatile manipulation. Navigation occurs through alternating softening‐hardening cycles: First, the Guider softens and advances under magnetic steering while the rigid Follower provides support. Then, the Guider solidifies to form a new backbone as the Follower softens to replicate its path. This process maintains structural integrity while enabling navigation along desired trajectories, thereby greatly reducing interactions with the lumen. To further accomplish complex tasks in large and open spaces, a continuum robot system with a triple‐individual Guider is developed in which the multi‐degree‐of‐freedom movement of the individuals is precisely and sequentially controlled through segmented stiffness regulation. This configuration achieves versatile manipulation, including targeted delivery, precision coating, grasping, and obstacle clearing in complex environments. Combining cooperative movement and diverse functionalities, this continuum robot design offers a new approach to dexterous navigation and intervention in minimally invasive surgical procedures.
Phototheranostic LPP‐QDs‐IR‐820 Nanocomposites for Specific NIR‐II Imaging of Lymphatic and Photothermal Therapy of Cervical Tumors
Authors: Zhu Lijun , Du Zhong , Xiong Jiabao , Li Hui , Zhang Chi , Zhang Xueliang , Alifu Nuernisha , Dong Biao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrecise theranostics of tumors is intricately linked to the early detection and monitoring of lymph nodes (LN) and metastases, making the targeted localization of LNs essential for tumor identification. However, designing LN‐targeting probes remains a significant challenge due to issues such as lymphatic uptake, biocompatibility, and fluorescence stability. To address these challenges, near‐infrared II (NIR‐II) fluorescence probes are developed through meticulous analysis of LN physiological structure and passive targeting strategy for LN detection and tumor therapy. An LPP‐QDs‐IR‐820 nanocomposite (NCs) is engineered, comprising the IR‐820 molecules and ultrabright PbS@CdS quantum dots (QDs), which are encapsulated within a liposome‐SH‐mPEG2000 polymer matrix. These NCs demonstrates remarkable lymphatic enrichment, facilitating real‐time tracking of LN via electrostatic repulsion and extracellular matrix effects. Importantly, the NCs exhibit negligible in vivo toxicity and high biocompatibility. The intense NIR‐II fluorescence emissions of IR‐820 and PbS@CdS QDs confer upon the NCs a high NIR‐II fluorescence quantum yield (6%). The cervical tumors and their deep microvessels are clearly observed via NIR‐II fluorescence imaging. Moreover, the photothermal properties of IR‐820 enable the NCs to achieve a photothermal conversion efficiency of 36.56%, leading to effective photothermal therapy in cervical tumor mice.
NIR‐Actuated Botanicals/Nanozymes Nanofibrous Membranes for Antibiotic‐Free Triple‐Synergistic Therapy Against Polymicrobial Wound Infections
Authors: Dong Kai , Lin Wenbo , Zhu Tianyu , Sun Shuwen , Zhang Chenhao , Xu Chen , Cao Fangfang , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolymicrobial wound infection represents a significant contributor to infectious disease‐related morbidity and mortality globally. Traditionally, the management of such infection relies heavily on high doses of antibiotics, often resulting in systemic side effects and exacerbating antibiotic resistance. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop a safe and effective platform for antibiotic‐free treatment of polymicrobial wound infections. In this study, a near‐infrared (NIR) light‐actuated nanofibrous membrane incorporating botanicals and nanozymes is presented for antibiotic‐free triple‐synergistic therapy against polymicrobial wound infections. The membrane integrates berberine hydrochloride (BBH)‐loaded hollow zinc‐doped carbon nanocubes into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibrous membranes. Upon low‐intensity 808 nm NIR laser irradiation (0.3 W cm−2), the membrane achieved a controlled release of BBH and enhanced peroxidase‐like (POD‐like) enzyme activity. This NIR light‐actuated botanical/photothermal therapy (PTT)/chemodynamic therapy (CDT) system demonstrated high efficacy in eradicating methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it mitigated inflammation and promoted wound healing in polymicrobial infection wounds, highlighting its potential as a promising alternative to antibiotic‐based therapies.
Force versus Response: Methods for Activating and Characterizing Mechanosensitive Ion Channels and GPCRs
Authors: Roeterink Renate M. A. , Casadevall i Solvas Xevi , Collins David J. , Scott Daniel J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMechanotransduction is the process whereby cells convert mechanical signals into electrochemical responses, where mechanosensitive proteins mediate this interaction. To characterize these critical proteins, numerous techniques have been developed that apply forces and measure the subsequent cellular responses. While these approaches have given insight into specific aspects of many such proteins, subsequent validation and cross‐comparison between techniques remain difficult given significant variations in reported activation thresholds and responses for the same protein across different studies. Accurately determining mechanosensitivity responses for various proteins, however, is essential for understanding mechanotransduction and potential physiological implications, including therapeutics. This critical review provides an assessment of current and emerging approaches used for mechanosensitive ion channel and G‐Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) stimulation and measurement, with a specific focus on the ability to quantitatively measure mechanosensitive responses.
Amorphous to Crystalline Transition in Nanoimprinted Sol–Gel Titanium Oxide Metasurfaces
Authors: Kim Joohoon , Kim Wonjoong , Choi Minseok , Park Yujin , Kang Dohyun , Lee Eunji , Park Chanwoong , Sung Hansang , Lee Heon , Rho Junsuk 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) (anatase and rutile) possesses a higher refractive index than amorphous TiO2 and near‐zero absorption in the visible region, making them an ideal material for visible metasurfaces. However, fabrication limitations hinder their implementation into flat optics. In this work, a wafer‐scale manufacturing platform is proposed for crystalline TiO2 metasurfaces. Sol–gel TiO2 is developed as a printable material in which its material phase can be precisely controlled to produce amorphous, anatase, or rutile, depending on the crystallization temperature. Therefore, anatase or rutile metalenses can be fabricated on a wafer scale using thermal nanoimprint lithography and sintering process. The high refractive index of the crystalline TiO2 contributes to the enhanced conversion efficiency of the fabricated metalenses. The fabricated metalenses exhibit diffraction‐limited focusing and imaging capabilities, comparable to the theoretically ideal lenses.
Peripheral Substitution Engineering of MR‐TADF Emitters Embedded With B‒N Covalent Bond Towards Efficient BT.2020 Blue Electroluminescence
Authors: Wan Danrui , Zhou Jianping , Yang Ying , Meng Guoyun , Zhang Dongdong , Duan Lian , Ding Junqiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCompared with the classical boron/nitrogen (B/N) doped ones, multiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) emitters embedded with B–N covalent bond behave a significantly blue‐shifted narrowband TADF, and thus show a greater potential in ultrapure blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). As a proof of concept, herein a peripheral substitution engineering is demonstrated based on such a B‒N embedded parent core. The simple approach is found to ensure easy synthesis via a one‐pot lithium‐free borylation‐annulation, manipulate the excited states through different electronic coupling between core and substituent, and introduce the steric hindrance to minimize the unwanted spectral broadening. Impressively, ultrapure blue OLEDs are realized to give a high external quantum efficiency of 20.3% together with Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage coordinates of (0.152, 0.046). The performance is well competent with those of B/N doped MR‐TADF emitters, clearly highlighting that the B‒N embedded framework is a novel promising paradigm towards efficient BT.2020 blue standard.
Hetero‐Nucleation Induced [111]‐Oriented Mixed Halide Perovskite for Stable Pure Red Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Song Yong‐Hui , Tai Xiao‐Lin , Ding Guan‐Jie , Ma Zhen‐Yu , Hao Jing‐Ming , Song Kuang‐Hui , Hu Ya‐Lan , Li Shikuo , Lin Yue , Yao Hong‐Bin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMixed halide 3D perovskites are promising for bright, efficient, and wide‐color gamut light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their excellent carrier transport, high luminescence, and easily tunable bandgaps. However, serious halide ion migration inside mixed halide 3D perovskite results in poor operational and spectral stability of the as‐fabricated LEDs. Here, a hetero‐nucleation crystallization strategy is reported to grow [111]‐orientation preferred mixed halide 3D perovskite CsPbI3‐xBrx thin films for stable pure red LEDs. This hetero‐nucleation crystallization is enabled by the addition of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) complexation, which promotes the growth of small perovskite grains into large grains with uniform [111]‐orientation. The obtained [111]‐orientation preferred film exhibits excellent stability under light or electric field stimulus as revealed by model analysis and experimental results compared to that of [001]‐orientation preferred film. Thus, based on the [111]‐orientation preferred film, the fabricated LED exhibits an external quantum efficiency of 22.8%, a maximum brightness of 12 000 cd m−2, and a half‐life time of 4080 min under 1.5 mA cm−2. More importantly, the electroluminescence spectrum of the device remains stable during the continuous operation of 4080 min, showcasing the significant spectral stability improvement enabled by the hetero‐nucleation induced [111]‐orientation strategy.
Space‐ and Time‐resolved Emission Features of Micro‐ and Nano‐sized Perylene‐based Zr Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Romero‐Muñiz Ignacio , García‐Calvo José , Romero‐Muñiz Carlos , San‐Miguel David Rodríguez , Torres Tomás , Zamora Félix , Bottari Giovanni 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile many photoresponsive metal‒organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported to date, finding applications in several technologically relevant fields such as photocatalysis, sensors, and light‐emitting devices, significantly scarcer are the reports addressing the relationship between the MOFs emissive features and their crystalline domain size (i.e., micro‐ and nano‐sized materials). Herein, a valuable contribution is offered to this issue which consists of the use of reticular chemistry to prepare a Zr‐MOF featuring spatially separated tetracarboxylated‐functionalized perylenes as ligand. Single crystal X‐ray analysis of such Zr‐MOF revealed the formation of micro‐ and meso‐porous channels. The perylene‐based Zr‐MOF exhibited notable optoelectronic features, including a relatively small optical bandgap of 1.82 eV and emission features different from that of the constituting perylene ligand in the solid state. Additionally, local probe techniques are used to unveil the emission properties of isolated Zr‐MOF crystals. Space‐ and time‐resolved fluorescence studies revealed a strong dependence of the emissive features of the Zr‐MOF, both in terms of its intensity and lifetime, to the crystalline domain size.
Organocatalytic Dearomatization of β‐Naphthols through a 1,6‐Conjugated Addition of Alkynyl 7‐Methylene‐7H‐indoles Formed In Situ
Authors: Kang Shengfu , Liu Xiaohong , Zhang Yi , Fang Fang , Li Wenjun , Li Pengfei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOrganocatalytic dearomatization of β‐naphthols has been achieved via a 1,6‐conjugated addition of 2‐naphthols to alkynyl 7‐methylene‐7H‐indoles in situ generated from α‐(7‐indolyl)methanols. In the presence of racemic phosphoric acid, a series of tetrasubstituted allenes was obtained in high yields. Particularly, with the aid of chiral phosphoric acid, asymmetric dearomatization of β‐naphthols was investigated, affording axially chiral tetrasubstituted allenes with moderate enantioselectivity.
Synthesis, Structure, and Electrochemistry of Crystallized Layered Chlorides, LiMCl6 (M = Ta/Nb)
Authors: Chaupatnaik Anshuman , Rousse Gwenaëlle , Perez Arnaud J. , Morozov Anatolii V. , Elkaïm Erik , Avdeev Maxim , Abakumov Artem M. , Tarascon Jean‐Marie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA suitable solid electrolyte can turn the long‐standing dream of a safe commercial all‐solid‐statebattery into reality in the same way as appropriate liquid electrolytes kickstarted the first commercial lithium‐ion battery. Presently, halide‐based electrolytes despite their reactivity with lithium metal are extensively studied as they offer better processability, malleability, oxidative stability, and safety over sulfide‐based electrolytes. Particularly, LiMCl6 (M = Ta/Nb) chloride‐based amorphous electrolytes are generating widespread interest with their high conductivities, comparable to liquid electrolytes. In this context, with synchrotron X‐ray and neutron powder diffraction techniques, well‐crystallized triclinic layered LiMCl6 (M = Ta/Nb) chlorides with an hcp AB‐type stacking of chloride ions is reported. The hexagonally ordered NbCl6 octahedra share edges with LiCl6 octahedra forming a honeycomb pattern, whereas Li+ is intermixed with M5+ for M = Ta. Furthermore, it is found that crystalline LiTaCl6 has an ionic conductivity of ≈10−5 mS cm−1, six orders of magnitude lower than that reported for superionic amorphous LiTaCl6. Nevertheless, crystalline LiTaCl6 is utilized as an intercalation compound in an all‐solid‐state‐battery, uncovering a solid‐solution/two‐phase/conversion pathway for lithium‐insertion during the three distinct redox plateaus below 3 V versus Li+/Li°. Broadly, the findings give insights into the structure, ionic conduction, and intercalation in a new family of layered halides.