bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chickadees sing different songs in sympatry versus allopatry
Authors: Taylor Olivia N , Grabenstein Kathryn C , Theodosopoulos Angela N , Leeson Harriet , Taylor Scott A , Branch Carrie L 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Character displacement theory predicts that closely-related co-occurring species should diverge in relevant traits to reduce costly interspecific interactions such as competition or hybridization. While many studies document character shifts in sympatry, few provide corresponding evidence that these shifts are driven by the costs of co-occurrence. Black-capped (Poecile atricapillus) and mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli) are closely-related, ecologically similar, and broadly distributed songbirds with both allopatric and sympatric populations. In sympatry, both species appear to suffer costs of their co-occurrence: (a) both species are in worse body condition compared to allopatry and (b) hybridization sometimes yields sterile offspring. Here, we explored character displacement in the songs of black-capped and mountain chickadees by characterizing variation in male songs from sympatric and allopatric populations. We found that mountain chickadees sing differently in sympatry versus allopatry. Specifically, they produced more notes per song, were more likely to include an extra introductory note, and produced a smaller glissando in their first notes compared to all other populations. Combined with previous research on social dominance and maladaptive hybridization between black-capped and mountain chickadees, we posit that differences in sympatric mountain chickadee song are population-wide shifts to reduce aggression from dominant black-capped chickadees and/or prevent maladaptive hybridization.
Depth-dependent effects of leguminous crops on soil nitrogen-fixing microbial communities
Authors: Tao Yi-Heng , Fan Yi , Pang Shuang , Zhang Shu-Han , Wang Jing-Kuan , Zou Hong-Tao , Pei Jiu-Bo , Zhang Xi-Mei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Legumes play critical roles in agroecosystems by modulating nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to enhance soil fertility and promote crop productivity. Current research on the effects of legumes predominantly focuses on surface soil, lacking a comprehensive analysis of their overall impact across multiple soil layers and an in-depth understanding of associated microbial mechanisms. Here, the community structure of soil nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in three soil layers (0–20 cm, 20–50 cm and 50–100 cm) under legume and non-legume cultivation was investigated through metagenomic sequencing. We found that only in topsoil (0–20 cm) legume treatment exhibited a significantly higher relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing genes than non-legume treatment. Under legume cultivation, the relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing genes was significantly higher in the topsoil layer than in deeper layers, whereas non-legume treatment displayed an inverse depth-dependent pattern. Combining soil physicochemical properties, the relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing genes correlated significantly with soil moisture, total carbon (TC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content. Both TC and DOC were identified as key drivers of these genes. Subsequently, a similar depth-dependent pattern within the relative abundance of soil carbon degradation genes was found in response to the cultivation of both crops. The relative abundances of soil carbon degradation genes were negatively correlated with nitrogen-fixing genes under legume treatment individually, distinct from non-legume treatment. Our findings highlight the depth-dependent impact of legumes on nitrogen fixation and the critical interaction between soil carbon degradation and nitrogen fixation, providing insights into carbon management in legume cultivation practices to enhance nitrogen fixation in future agriculture.
NINJ1-mediated macrophage plasma membrane rupture and neutrophil extracellular trap formation contribute to oxalate nephropathy
Authors: Lin Yujiao , Yuan Ying , Ye Keng , Chen Zhimin , Wang Yujia , Li Guoping , Song Yankun , Chen Hong , Ma Huabin , Xu Yanfang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Oxalate nephropathy is characterized by calcium oxalate crystals deposition, which triggers necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells and initiates an inflammatory cascade characterized by neutrophil and macrophage activation within the renal microenvironment. Despite the close association of immune cells with acute oxalate nephropathy, the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. Nerve injury-induced protein 1 (NINJ1) plays an essential role in the induction of plasma membrane rupture (PMR), leading to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) release and triggering inflammation. We hypothesize that NINJ1-mediated high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release from macrophage PMR and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation synergistically contribute to the progression of acute oxalate nephropathy.

Methods
Using a murine model of acute oxalate nephropathy, myeloid cell-specific deletion of Ninj1 mice (Ninj1fl/flvavcre) and their wild-type littermate control mice (Ninj1wt/wtvavcre) were administered intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg sodium oxalate followed by drinking water with 3% sodium oxalate. Evaluation was conducted on tubular injury and inflammatory cell infiltration. In vitro studies involved isolation and culture of renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, bone marrow–derived macrophages and neutrophils to investigate NETs formation and HMGB1 release.

Results
Targeted deletion of Ninj1 in myeloid cells significantly mitigated oxalate-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing both HMGB1 release and NETs formation in vivo. In vitro investigations demonstrated that HMGB1 release from macrophage PMR and NETs formation in neutrophils mediated by NINJ1 oligomerization, which consequently coordinated to enhance renal tubular epithelial cell death.

Conclusions
Our findings elucidate the pivotal role of NINJ1-dependent macrophage PMR and NETs formation in the progression of acute oxalate nephropathy, providing novel insights for its prevention and therapeutic targets.
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase isoforms play diverse roles inside and outside the diatom plastid
Authors: Guéguen Nolwenn , Sérès Yannick , Cicéron Félix , Gros Valérie , Si Larbi Grégory , Falconet Denis , Deragon Etienne , Gueye Siraba D , Le Moigne Damien , Schilling Marion , Cussac Mathilde , Petroutsos Dimitris , Hu Hanhua , Gong Yangmin , Michaud Morgane , Jouhet Juliette , Salvaing Juliette , Amato Alberto , Maréchal Eric 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Diatoms derive from a secondary endosymbiosis event, which occurred when a eukaryotic host cell engulfed a red alga. This led to the formation of a complex plastid enclosed by 4 membranes: 2 innermost membranes originating from the red alga chloroplast envelope, and 2 additional peri- and epiplastidial membranes (PPM and EpM). The EpM is linked to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The most abundant membrane lipid in diatoms is monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), synthesized by galactosyltransferases called MGDG synthases (MGDs), conserved in photosynthetic eukaryotes and considered to be specific to chloroplast membranes. Similar to angiosperms, a multigenic family of MGDs has evolved in diatoms, but through an independent process. We characterized MGDα, MGDβ, and MGDγ in Phaeodactylum tricornutum, combining molecular analyses, heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and studying overexpressing and CRISPR-Cas9-edited lines. MGDα localizes mainly to thylakoids, MGDβ to the PPM, and MGDγ to the ER and EpM. MGDs have distinct specificities for diacylglycerol, consistent with their localization. The results suggest that MGDα is required for thylakoid expansion under optimal conditions, while MGDβ and MGDγ play roles in plastid and nonplastid membranes and in response to environmental stress. Functional compensation among MGDs likely contributes to diatom resilience under adverse conditions and to their ecological success.
Beliefs about the Stock Market and Investment Choices: Evidence from a Survey and a Field Experiment
Authors: Laudenbach Christine , Weber Annika , Weber Rüdiger , Wohlfart Johannes 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We survey retail investors at an online bank to study how beliefs about the autocorrelation of aggregate stock returns shape investment decisions measured in administrative account data. Individuals’ beliefs exhibit substantial heterogeneity and predict trading responses to market movements. We inform half of our respondents that, historically, the autocorrelation was close to zero, which causes them to update their perceived current autocorrelation and return expectations. The treatment shifts respondents’ equity purchases during the COVID-19 crash months later in the direction implied by the intervention. Our results provide causal evidence about the drivers of disagreement and trade in asset markets.
Racialized Emotion Management among Asian Americans in the Professional Workplace
Authors: Sullivan Allison Jin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Despite growing interest in the racialization of emotion management and evidence that this racialization varies across different racial groups, minimal scholarship has attempted to interrogate how Asian Americans experience racialized feeling rules or perform racialized emotion management in the workplace. Using qualitative interviews with 35 Asian American professionals to examine these processes, I find that controlling images about Asians, particularly the “model minority” stereotype, shape the feeling rules they encounter and constrain their access to certain forms of emotional expression. Additionally, racial incidents within and outside of the workplace heighten their need to perform emotion management, which is particularly relevant given recent upticks in anti-Asian violence. This study reveals how controlling images lead to racialized feeling rules for Asian Americans and how, conversely, their racialized emotion management can reinforce stereotypes. At the same time, it shows how Asian Americans continue to experience racialization, with important implications, both within the workplace and beyond.
8Film Theory
Authors: Lash Dominic 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses four notable books concerning film theory that were published in 2023 and early 2024. Two of them are translated from languages other than English, and two are wide-ranging edited collections. The chapter is divided into five sections: 1. Nicole Brenez, On the Figure in General and the Body in Particular: Figurative Invention in Cinema, trans. by Ted Fendt; 2. Shiguéhiko Hasumi, Directed by Yasujirō Ozu, trans. by Ryan Cook; 3. Craig Fox and Britt Harrison, eds., Philosophy of Film Without Theory; 4. Julian Hanich and Martin P. Rossouw, eds., What Film Is Good For: On the Values of Spectatorship; and 5. Conclusion.
Targeting hypoxia and thrombospondin‐2 in diabetic wound healing
Authors: Huang Yaqing , Xing Hao , Naud Sophie , Kyriakides Themis R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractImpaired wound healing in diabetic patients is the leading cause of diabetes‐associated hospitalizations and approximately 50% of lower limb amputations. This is due to multiple factors, including elevated glucose, sustained hypoxia, and cell dysfunction. Previously, diabetic wounds were found to contain excessive levels of the matricellular protein thrombospondin‐2 (TSP2) and genetic ablation of TSP2 in diabetic mice or treatment of wounds with a hydrogel derived from TSP2‐null mouse skin improved healing. Previously, TSP2 has been shown to be repressed by hypoxia, but in the present study we observed sustained hypoxia and overlapping TSP2 deposition in diabetic wounds. We determined this observation was due to the insufficient HIF‐1α activation verified by western blot and immunofluorescent analysis of wound tissues and in vitro hypoxia experiments. Application of Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), which can stabilize HIF‐1α, inhibited TSP2 expression in diabetic fibroblasts in hypoxic conditions. Therefore, we prepared DMOG‐containing TSP2KO hydrogel and applied it to the wounds of diabetic mice. In comparison to empty TSP2KO hydrogel or DMOG treatment, we observed improved wound healing associated with a reduction of TSP2, reduced hypoxia, and increased neovascularization. Overall, our findings shed light on the intricate interplay between hyperglycemia, hypoxia, and TSP2 in the complex environment of diabetic wounds.
Advances in natural products modulating autophagy influenced by cellular stress conditions and their anticancer roles in the treatment of ovarian cancer
Authors: Li Dongxiao , Geng Danbo , Wang Min 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAutophagy is a conservative catabolic process that typically serves a cell‐protective function. Under stress conditions, when the cellular environment becomes unstable, autophagy is activated as an adaptive response for self‐protection. Autophagy delivers damaged cellular components to lysosomes for degradation and recycling, thereby providing essential nutrients for cell survival. However, this function of promoting cell survival under stress conditions often leads to malignant progression and chemotherapy resistance in cancer. Consequently, autophagy is considered a potential target for cancer therapy. Herein, we aim to review how natural products act as key modulators of autophagy by regulating cellular stress conditions. We revisit various stressors, including starvation, hypoxia, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and oxidative stress, and their regulatory relationship with autophagy, focusing on recent advances in ovarian cancer research. Additionally, we explore how polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and other natural products modulate autophagy mediated by stress responses, affecting the malignant biological behavior of cancer. Furthermore, we discuss their roles in ovarian cancer therapy. This review emphasizes the importance of natural products as valuable resources in cancer therapeutics, highlighting the need for further exploration of their potential in regulating autophagy. Moreover, it provides novel insights and potential therapeutic strategies in ovarian cancer by utilizing natural products to modulate autophagy.
Therapeutic potential of Astragalus membranaceus—Pueraria lobata decoction for the treatment of chemotherapy bowel injury
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Qin Yujie , Kang Qian , Wang Huinan , Zhou Shihong , Wu Yifan , Liu Yongqi , Su Yun , Guo Yaqiong , Xiu Minghui , He Jianzheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntestinal mucositis (IM) is one of the most serious side effects of the chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan (CPT‐11). Astragalus membranaceus‐Pueraria lobata decoction is from the ancient medical book Zhengzhihuibu, has been reported to be used for the treatment of diabetes and hypertension. However, the beneficial effect and mechanism of AP on chemotherapy intestinal mucositis (CIM) remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus‐Pueraria lobata decoction (AP) in treating CIM. The beneficial effect and mechanism of AP on chemotherapy intestinal mucositis (CIM) were detected using Drosophila model, and combination with RT qPCR, transcriptomics. AP supplementation could significantly alleviate the CPT‐11‐induced body injury in Drosophila, such as increasing the survival rate, recovering the impaired digestion, improving the movement, and repairing the reproduction and developmental processes. Administration of AP remarkably alleviated the IM caused by CPT‐11, including inhibiting the excretion, repairing the intestinal atrophy, improving the acid–base homeostasis imbalance, and inhibiting the disruption of intestinal structure. Mechanistic studies revealed that the protective role of AP against CPT‐11 induced intestinal injury was regulated mainly by inhibiting immune‐related Toll and Imd pathways, and enhancing the antioxidant capacity. Taken together, these results suggest that AP may be a novel agent to relieve CIM.
Unveiling shared diagnostic biomarkers and molecular mechanisms between T2DM and sepsis: Insights from bioinformatics to experimental assays
Authors: Weng Danlei , Shi Wei , Hu Yue , Chen Ying , Wei Shuxing , Li Andong , Guo Shubin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSeptic patients with T2DM were prone to prolonged recovery and unfavorable prognoses. Thus, this study aimed to pinpoint potential genes related to sepsis with T2DM and develop a predictive model for the disease. The candidate genes were screened using protein–protein interaction networks (PPI) and machine learning algorithms. The nomogram and receiver operating characteristic curve were developed to assess the diagnostic efficiency of the biomarkers. The relationship between sepsis and immune cells was analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm. The biomarkers were validated by qPCR and western blotting in basic experiments, and differences in organ damage in mice were studied. Three genes (MMP8, CD177, and S100A12) were identified using PPI and machine learning algorithms, demonstrating strong predictive capabilities. These biomarkers presented significant differences in gene expression patterns between diseased and healthy conditions. Additionally, the expression levels of biomarkers in mouse models and blood samples were consistent with the findings of the bioinformatics analysis. The study elucidated the common molecular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of T2DM and sepsis and developed a gene signature‐based prediction model for sepsis. These findings provide new targets for the diagnosis and intervention of sepsis complicated with T2DM.
Pediatric orthopedic surgeons may perform better in terms of surgical outcomes in type 3 supracondylar humerus fractures: a comparative analysis
Authors: Lapidus Tom , Leibner Gideon , Zaidman Michael , Simanovsky Naum , Goldman Vladimir 
Published: October 2024

Supracondylar fractures of the humerus represent the most common surgical fractures in pediatric patients. There is a discourse regarding the influence of the surgeon training on treatment. Different studies show equivocal effect of subspecialty training. We conducted a single center case control study to evaluate the outcomes of type 3 fractures (fully displaced) comparing pediatric-trained orthopedic surgeons (PTOS) and non-pediatric trained orthopedic surgeons (NTOS). In this retrospective study, we investigated the surgical outcomes of type 3 supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children treated between the years 2012 and 2019, divided by surgeon type. During the research, a policy reform at our department was established and PTOS became the only surgeons for those injuries starting from September 2017. Patients’ demographics, perioperative details, and postoperative course were recorded. Primary outcome was reoperations, and secondary outcomes were open reductions, infections, length of surgery, and neurological deficits. 1175 patients were diagnosed with supracondylar fractures at our Level I trauma center, and 346 cases were diagnosed with radiologically confirmed type 3. Overall, 312 cases were analyzed; 113 cases were diagnosed before 1 September 2017 and treated by NTOS, and 199 cases were treated by PTOS until 31 December 2019; 7.1% (8) of the patients treated by NTOS had to be reoperated compared to 1.5% (3) of the patients treated by PTOS (P = 0.014). There was significant difference looking at postsurgical complications and surgery length. This study’s findings suggest that PTOS achieve superior outcomes when treating patients with type 3 supracondylar humerus fractures.
Level of evidence: Level III.
Dandy–Walker malformations with other complex congenital deformities associated with scoliosis: a case series
Authors: Machida Masayoshi , Machida Masafumi , Taira Katsuaki , Nemoto Naho , Oikawa Noboru , Ohashi Hirofumi , Nakanishi Kazuyoshi 
Published: October 2024

Dandy–Walker malformations (DWM) is a rare condition with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 30 000 cases. Although DWM often complicates scoliosis, its prevalence and the time of onset are unknown because only a few reports have described the association between scoliosis and DWM. This case series describes spinal deformity associated with DWM. The clinical records and spinal radiographs of 23 consecutive patients with DWM at a single centre were reviewed. DWM was clinically diagnosed if patients met the following three conditions: (1) posterior fossa enlargement, (2) cerebellar hypoplasia and (3) cystic dilation of the fourth ventricle on MRI. Radiological assessment records for the presence, prevalence and time of onset of DWM were studied. Twelve of 23 patients (52%) demonstrated a scoliotic deformity, with 3 (13%) having severe deformities exceeding 60°. The average age at diagnosis was 3.6 ± 2.9 years (range: 0.7–9.7) and at radiographic examination during the final follow-up was 8.7 years (range 1.0–22.0). Only two patients were skeletally mature. The coronal angular deformity at the final follow-up was 34.2 ± 32.3° (range: 10.1–125.1°). One patient with moderate deformity >25° died before bracing. In addition, of three patients with severe deformities, only one had undergone posterior spinal fusion. The prevalence of scoliosis in DWM was 52%, and all patients who developed scoliosis reported early-onset scoliosis under 10 years of age. Early diagnosis and screening of spine deformity are required for patients with DWM to prevent disease progression.Evidence level: 4.
IgA vasculitis following COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Tarcha Raghad , Khalayli Naram , Al-Darwish Lama , Btrush Sana , Hasan Reem , Kudsi Maysoun , Al-Darwish Ahmad 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
IgA vasculitis is generally triggered by infections and vaccines. Herein, we report a case of a young man who was previously healthy and who developed IgA vasculitis after the first dose of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine Pfizer-BioNTech.

Case presentation:
The patient’s symptoms were mainly skin and joint without renal or other system involvement. The patient had an excellent outcome with complete resolution after treatment with steroid tapering and azathioprine as a steroid-sparing agent over 6 months.
Chemoimmunotherapy-Resistant Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia Managed With I-125 Brachytherapy
Authors: Antonietti Michael , Scott Nathan L. , Williams Basil K. , Di Nicola Maura , Sivaraman Kavitha R. , Karp Carol L. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to report the management of chemoimmunotherapy-resistant ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) with iodine-125 (I-125) brachytherapy.

Methods:
A 36-year-old man presented to the clinic with biopsy-proven OSSN that covered ∼70% of the corneal surface and extended to the 6 o'clock position of the inferior limbus of the OS. The visual acuity was 20/20 in the OD and 20/40 in the affected OS. He was treated with topical interferon alpha-2b 1 MIU/mL (4 times daily [QID] for 6 weeks) and then 4 cycles of topical 5-fluorouracil 1% (QID, 1 week on, 3 weeks off) with an incomplete response. He switched to topical mitomycin C 0.04% (QID, 1 week on, 2 weeks off) for 2 cycles and received a subconjunctival injection 25 mg (0.5 mL of a 50-mg/mL solution) of 5-fluorouracil. The tumor persisted. The patient was ultimately cured with placement of an 18-mm I-125 brachytherapy plaque for 97 hours (50 Gy).

Results:
Because of extensive corneal involvement and risks associated with surgery, an 18-mm I-125 brachytherapy plaque was placed over the cornea and limbus. The treatment led to full resolution of the tumor within 1 month of treatment and recovery of 20/20 vision in the affected eye. Thirty-two months after treatment, the patient developed a visually significant posterior subcapsular cataract OS and underwent successful phacoemulsification surgery, returning to 20/20 vision. He has remained tumor-free for over 55 months.

Conclusions:
This case highlights the efficacy and safety of I-125 brachytherapy as an alternative for intraepithelial OSSN unresponsive to conventional chemoimmunotherapy, particularly when extensive surgical excision poses significant risks.