bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strengths-based leadership assessments miss the target – and the species
Authors: Warren Ronald 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
There has been a decades-long debate in the leadership development field about the validity and efficacy of strengths-based assessment. This debate is not about recognizing the value in “a conversation about what’s right with people […] we were tired of living in a world that revolved around fixing our weaknesses”. Most agree that there is value in building on strengths.

Design/methodology/approach
The debate is fueled by psychologists, recognized experts in understanding human performance who dismiss Gallup – and other strengths-based leadership firms – who falsely promote the assertion “what’s more, we had discovered that people had several times more potential for growth when they invest energy in developing strengths instead of correcting weaknesses”. This is not true – no matter how aggressively strengths-based firms market this notion.

Findings
Strength-based approaches, especially as an exclusive approach, is overtly blind to the critical fact that most people show a mix of strengths and weaknesses – performance drivers and derailers – and the whole mix interacts. So besides missing the intended mark of increasing a professional’s skills in leadership, teamwork and communications, there are significant costs to this approach that vary from missed opportunities to downright dangerous.

Originality/value
Stanford Business School Professor Jeffrey Pfeiffer drives this point home in his book Leadership BS, a bruising critique of the leadership development industry. Pfeiffer correctly states that the leadership development industry is driven more by marketing and sales imperatives than the application of peer-reviewed scientific studies – which a century ago transformed the medical model and led to the successful eradication of many diseases. Unfortunately, the leadership development industry is driven by marketing and sales imperatives instead of good science. In fact, this may only accelerate in the future as many top assessment firms have been bought by public companies – often in the staffing industry – that seek ways to increase their earnings, focused more on shareholder returns than the science of performance.
Fuzzy logic and bed-to-wall heat transfer in a large-scale CFBC
Authors: Krzywanski Jaroslaw , Wesolowska Marta , Blaszczuk Artur , Majchrzak Anna , Komorowski Maciej , Nowak Wojciech 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to first present the key features of the fuzzy logic (FL) approach as a cost-effective technique in simulations of complex systems and then demonstrate the formulation and application of the method.

Design/methodology/approach
The FL approach is used as an alternative method of data handling, considering the complexity of analytical and numerical procedures and high costs of empirical experiments. The distance from gas distributor, the temperature and the voidage of the bed, flue gas velocity and the load of the boiler are the input parameters, whereas the overall heat transfer coefficient for the membrane walls constitutes the output. Five overlapping sigmoid and constant linguistic terms are used to describe the input and the output data, respectively. The Takagi–Sugeno inference engine and the weighted average defuzzification methods are applied to determine the fuzzy and crisp output value, respectively.

Findings
The performed FL model allows predicting the bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficient in a large-scale 670 t/h circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. The local heat transfer coefficients evaluated using the developed model are in very good agreement with the data obtained in complementary investigations.

Originality/value
The performed model constitutes an easy-to-use and functional tool. The new approach can be helpful for further research on the bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficient in the CFB units.
Effect of viscous dissipation on forced convection for laminar flow through a straight regular polygonal duct using BEM method
Authors: Teleszewski Tomasz Janusz , Sorko Slawomir Adam 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the viscous dissipation of laminar flow through a straight regular polygonal duct on forced convection with constant axial wall heat flux with constant peripheral wall temperature using the boundary element method (BEM).

Design/methodology/approach
Both the wall heating case and the wall cooling case are considered. Applying the velocity profile obtained for the duct laminar flow and the energy equation with the viscous dissipation term is solved exactly for the constant wall heat flux using the BEM. The numerical values are obtained by means of a computer program, written by the authors in Fortran. The results of the BEM approach are verified by analytic models. Nusselt numbers are obtained for flows with a different number of sides of a regular polygonal duct and Brinkman numbers.

Findings
When the difference in temperature between the wall temperature and the fluid bulk temperature changes the sign, then the functions of the Nusselt number with the Brinkman number generated some singularities (BrqLs). For the Brinkman number referring to the total wall linear power, with the increasing value of the number of sides of a regular polygonal duct, BrqLs decreases in the range of 3 ≤ n < ∞. If the BrqL < BrqLs, it is possible to note that, in general, the Nusselt number is higher for cross-sections having a lower value of the number of sides of a regular polygonal duct. For BrqL > BrqLs, this rule is reversed.

Originality/value
This paper illustrates the effects of viscous dissipation on laminar forced convective flow in regular polygon ducts with a different number n of sides. A compact relationship for the Nusselt number vs the Brinkman number referring to the temperature difference between the wall temperature and the fluid bulk temperature and the Brinkman number, which is based on the total wall linear power, have been proposed.
2D speckle tracking echocardiography of the right ventricle free wall in SCUBA divers after single open sea dive
Authors: Susilovic‐Grabovac Zora , Obad Ante , Duplančić Darko , Banić Ivana , Brusoni Denise , Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Vuković Ivica , Dujic Zeljko , Bakovic Darija 
Published: December 2017

SummaryThe presence of circulating gas bubbles and their influence on pulmonary and right heart hemodynamics was reported after uncomplicated self‐contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) dive(s). Improvements in cardiac imaging have recently focused great attention on the right ventricle (RV). The aim of our study was to evaluate possible effects of a single air SCUBA dive on RV function using 2D speckle tracking echocardiography in healthy divers after single open sea dive to 18 meters of seawater, followed by bottom stay of 47 minutes with a direct ascent to the surface. Twelve experienced male divers (age 39.5 ± 10.5 years) participated in the study. Echocardiographic assessment of the right ventricular function (free wall 2 D strain, tricuspid annular planes systolic excursion [TAPSE], lateral tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity [RV s`] and fractional area change [FAC]) was performed directly prior to and 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after surfacing. Two‐dimensional strain of all three segments of free right ventricular wall showed a significant increase in longitudinal shortening in post‐dive period for maximally 26% (basal), 15.4% (mid) and 16.3% (apical) as well as TAPSE (11.6%), RV FAC (19.2%), RV S` (12.7%) suggesting a rise in systolic function of right heart. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mean PAP) increased post‐dive from 13.3 mmHg to maximally 23.5 mmHg (P = .002), indicating increased RV afterload. Our results demonstrated that single dive with significant bubble load lead to increase in systolic function and longitudinal strain of the right heart in parallel with increase in mean PAP.
Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier)
Authors: Yasin Muhammad , Wakil Waqas , Ghazanfar Muhammad Usman , Qayyum Mirza Abdul , Tahir Muhammad , Bedford Geoffrey O. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNineteen different isolates of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana sensu lato (s.l.) and Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), recovered from different soil samples (field crops, fruit orchards, vegetable fields and forests) and insect cadavers were tested against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) at two different spore concentrations (1 × 107 and 1 × 108 conidia mL−1). Three isolates of B. bassiana and two of M. anisopliae gave >88 % larval and >75 % adult mortality of R. ferrugineus on their highest dose rate respectively. More sporulating cadavers (mycosis) resulted from a high dose rate compared to low dose on both life stages of R. ferrugineus. The current study confirmed the lethal action of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae isolates with mortality levels usually directly proportional to the conidial concentration. This study further confirmed that the isolates recovered from R. ferrugineus dead cadavers gave more mortality compared to the other sources. In the virulence assay two isolates of B. bassiana caused the highest percentage of both larval and adult mortality at all exposure intervals which suggest that they may be the most promising for use in sustainable management programs aimed at microbial control in date palm orchards.
What drives flight to quality?
Authors: Opitz Sebastian , Szimayer Alexander 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe returns of equities and bonds tend to be positively correlated, but in extreme situations this relation reverses. Large negative equity returns co‐occur with large positive bond returns. This is potentially caused by investors reassessing their risk preferences and shifting their wealth to less risky asset classes, which is frequently termed flight to quality. We examine macroeconomic factors to identify the driving variables using a conditional copula model. Analysing quarterly data from 1952 to 2014, we find that the Treasury bill rate is the most significant driver. This insight is useful for asset allocation and risk management.
An anatomic description of intrinsic brachial muscles in the crab‐eating fox (Cerdocyon thous, Linnaeus 1776) and report of a variant arterial distribution
Authors: Vélez J. , Ramírez J. , Aristizábal O. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryThe crab‐eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) is a wild canid distributed throughout South America. It is one of the wild canids reported being hit by vehicles and injured in snares, thus inducing trauma or injury to the musculoskeletal system, possibly occurring in the brachial region. The main objective of this research was to provide an anatomic description of the crab‐eating fox's intrinsic brachial muscles including shape, origin, insertion, innervation and arterial blood supply, compared with that of the domestic dog. We dissected from superficial to deep two thoracic limbs of seven dead specimens donated to the University of Caldas by CORPOCALDAS. These muscles presented anatomic characteristics similar to those reported in the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) but with a variant in arterial blood supply, allowing us to suggest that surgical procedures that need the knowledge of intrinsic brachial muscles in the crab‐eating fox may be homologous to the domestic dog. However, one should consider its variant arterial distribution by part of the collateral radial artery and deep brachial artery to prevent incorrect incisions that may damage these arteries.
Populism, Hegemony, and the Politics of Natural Resource Extraction in Evo Morales's Bolivia
Authors: Andreucci Diego 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIs populism necessary to the articulation of counter‐hegemonic projects, as Laclau has long argued? Or is it, as Žižek maintains, a dangerous strategy, which inevitably degenerates into ideological mystification and reactionary postures? In this paper, I address this question by exploring the politics of discourse in Evo Morales's Bolivia. While, in the years leading to the election of Morales, a populist ideological strategy was key to challenging neoliberal forces, once the hegemony of the new power bloc was stabilised, indigenous demands for emancipatory socio‐environmental change began to be perceived as a threat to resource‐based accumulation. In this context, the populist signifiers that originated in indigenous‐popular struggles were used by the Morales government to legitimise repression of the indigenous movement. I argue, therefore, that ideological degeneration signals a problem not with populism per se, but rather with the class projects and shifting correlations of forces that underpin it in changing conjunctures.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia with heart defect has a high risk for hypoplastic left heart syndrome and major extra‐cardiac malformations: 10‐year national cohort from Finland
Authors: Hautala Johanna , Karstunen Emma , Ritvanen Annukka , Rintala Risto , Mattila Ilkka P. , Räsänen Juha , Suominen Pertti K. , Ojala Tiina 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIntroductionCongenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has a well‐known risk of congenital heart defects with poor prognosis. This study was conducted to determine the national total prevalence and prenatal detection rates of CDH with heart defects and its association with major extra‐cardiac malformations and to further evaluate the impact of the heart defect severity on survival.Material and methodsA 10‐year national cohort was derived from four national registries, including live births, stillbirths, and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomalies. The study cohort was sorted according to cardiac defect severity.ResultsThe total prevalence of CDH with heart defects was 0.6/10 000 births and live birth prevalence 0.3/10 000 live births. Of 145 cases with CDH, 37 (26%) had a concurrent heart defect. The overall prenatal detection rate of heart defects was 41%. The total prevalence (483/10 000) and live birth prevalence (500/10 000) of hypoplastic left heart syndrome were 124 and 250 times higher than in the general population in Finland, respectively. Additional major extra‐cardiac malformations were found in 68% of cases. The survival rate for CDH with major heart defects was 11 and 38% with minor heart defects.ConclusionsThe total prevalence of hypoplastic left heart syndrome was significantly higher in CDH patients than in the general population in Finland. Prenatal detection rate for heart defects in CDH patients was 41%. Major extra‐cardiac malformations were more common than previously reported. The prognosis of CDH with major heart defects remained poor.
New FIGO and Swedish intrapartum cardiotocography classification systems incorporated in the fetal ECG ST analysis (STAN) interpretation algorithm: agreements and discrepancies in cardiotocography classification and evaluation of significant ST events
Authors: Olofsson Per , Norén Håkan , Carlsson Ann 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe updated intrapartum cardiotocography (CTG) classification system by FIGO in 2015 (FIGO2015) and the FIGO2015‐approached classification by the Swedish Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologist in 2017 (SSOG2017) are not harmonized with the fetal ECG ST analysis (STAN) algorithm from 2007 (STAN2007). The study aimed to reveal homogeneity and agreement between the systems in classifying CTG and ST events, and relate them to maternal and perinatal outcomes.Material and methodsAmong CTG traces with ST events, 100 traces originally classified as normal, 100 as suspicious and 100 as pathological were randomly selected from a STAN database and classified by two experts in consensus. Homogeneity and agreement statistics between the CTG classifications were performed. Maternal and perinatal outcomes were evaluated in cases with clinically hidden ST data (n = 151). A two‐tailed p < 0.05 was regarded as significant.ResultsFor CTG classes, the heterogeneity was significant between the old and new systems, and agreements were moderate to strong (proportion of agreement, kappa index 0.70–0.86). Between the new classifications, heterogeneity was significant and agreements strong (0.90, 0.92). For significant ST events, heterogeneities were significant and agreements moderate to almost perfect (STAN2007 vs. FIGO2015 0.86, 0.72; STAN2007 vs. SSOG2017 0.92, 0.84; FIGO2015 vs. SSOG2017 0.94, 0.87). Significant ST events occurred more often combined with STAN2007 than with FIGO2015 classification, but not with SSOG2017; correct identification of adverse outcomes was not significantly different between the systems.ConclusionThere are discrepancies in the classification of CTG patterns and significant ST events between the old and new systems. The clinical relevance of the findings remains to be shown.
Brain connectivity in children is increased by the time they spend reading books and decreased by the length of exposure to screen‐based media
Authors: Horowitz‐Kraus Tzipi , Hutton John S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimThis study compared the time spent using screen‐based media or reading on the functional connectivity of the reading‐related brain regions in children aged 8–12.MethodsWe recruited 19 healthy American children from a private school in Cincinnati, USA, in 2015‐6 after advertising the study to parents. The parents completed surveys on how many hours their children spent on independent reading and screen‐based media time, including smartphones, tablets, desktop or laptop computers and television. The children underwent magnetic resonance imaging that assessed their resting‐state connectivity between the left visual word form area, as the seed area, and other brain regions, with screen time and reading time applied as predictors.ResultsTime spent reading was positively correlated with higher functional connectivity between the seed area and left‐sided language, visual and cognitive control regions. In contrast, screen time was related to lower connectivity between the seed area and regions related to language and cognitive control.ConclusionScreen time and time spent reading showed different effects on functional connectivity between the visual word form area and language, visual and cognitive control regions of the brain. These findings underscore the importance of children reading to support healthy brain development and literacy and limiting screen time.
Sleep disorders in obese children are not limited to obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
Authors: Carriere Caroline , Coste Olivier , Meiffred‐Drouet Marie‐Claire , Barat Pascal , Thibault Hélène 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimThis study was to characterise respiratory and nonrespiratory sleep disorders in obese children and evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic impact of a specific sleep consultation.MethodsA descriptive study was conducted in obese French children who received multidisciplinary care management from the hospital centre for paediatric obesity in Bordeaux. This followed a specific sleep consultation between 2007 and 2015, because their paediatrician had identified symptoms suggestive of sleep disorders.ResultsThe sleep specialist confirmed the presence of a sleep disorder in 98.4% of the 128 obese children, with a mean age of 12.1 ± 3.2 years. These included respiratory sleep disorders, hypersomnolence, insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep–wake disorders. Polysomnography revealed that 46.1% had respiratory sleep disorders and 24.2% had obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). Just under half (47.6%) were referred to an otorhinolaryngologist for sleep care management, 30.5% were referred to an orthodontist, 17.9% had melatonin treatment and 13.3% received continuous positive airway pressure ventilation.ConclusionSleep disorders in obese children were not limited to respiratory sleep disorders including OSAS. A systematic specific consultation with a sleep specialist is essential for the diagnosis and care of such children and would be beneficial when treating paediatric obesity.
Characterization of myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase activity and liberation of actin from myofibrils upon heating chicken breast meat
Authors: Matsuishi Masanori , Eda Yoshitaka , Saito Emi , Yamamoto Shohei , Kanamori Kenji , Goto Yuto , Kobayashi Yutaro , Okitani Akihiro 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDenaturation of actin and myosin in myofibrils induced by heating at 50°C was investigated to reveal the mechanism of irreversible liberation of actin from myofibrils on heating at lower temperatures than conventional cooking. Denaturation of these proteins was determined by Mg2+‐ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) and Ca2+‐ATPase activities. When minced meat was heated for 20 min, actin was liberated accompanying denaturation of 80% of actin and 50% of myosin. Heating of the myofibrillar fraction (MFF) isolated from meat homogenate induced much slower denaturation of actin than myosin. When MFF was heated with sarcoplasmic fractions, denaturation of actin was facilitated, suggesting that sarcoplasmic fractions contain factors to facilitate actin denaturation. Inosine‐5′‐monophosphate, a component of sarcoplasmic fractions, was shown to have no effect on actin and myosin denaturation. These results suggest that heating meat at 50°C dissociates binding (‘Bond A’) between actin and myosin participating in ATPase activities, resulting in denaturation of both proteins under influence of sarcoplasmic components. Although denaturation of actin and myosin disrupted Bond A, actin was not liberated simultaneously, suggesting the presence of another bond (‘Bond B’, more heat‐stable than Bond A) between both proteins and necessity of disruption of Bond B for actin release from myofibrils.
Pharmacology in translation: the preclinical and early clinical profile of the novel α2/3 functionally selective GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator PF‐06372865
Authors: Nickolls Sarah A , Gurrell Rachel , van Amerongen Guido , Kammonen Juha , Cao Lishuang , Brown Adam R , Stead Clara , Mead Andy , Watson Christine , Hsu Cathleen , Owen Robert M , Pike Andy , Fish Rebecca L , Chen Laigao , Qiu Ruolun , Morris Evan D , Feng Gang , Whitlock Mark , Gorman Donal , van Gerven Joop , Reynolds David S , Dua Pinky , Butt Richard P 
Published: December 2017

Background and PurposeBenzodiazepines, non‐selective positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of GABAA receptors, have significant side effects that limit their clinical utility. As many of these side effects are mediated by the α1 subunit, there has been a concerted effort to develop α2/3 subtype‐selective PAMs.Experimental ApproachIn vitro screening assays were used to identify molecules with functional selectivity for receptors containing α2/3 subunits over those containing α1 subunits. In vivo receptor occupancy (RO) was conducted, prior to confirmation of in vivo α2/3 and α1 pharmacology through quantitative EEG (qEEG) beta frequency and zolpidem drug discrimination in rats respectively. PF‐06372865 was then progressed to Phase 1 clinical trials.Key ResultsPF‐06372865 exhibited functional selectivity for those receptors containing α2/3/5 subunits, with significant positive allosteric modulation (90–140%) but negligible activity (≤20%) at GABAA receptors containing α1 subunits. PF‐06372865 exhibited concentration‐dependent occupancy of GABAA receptors in preclinical species. There was an occupancy‐dependent increase in qEEG beta frequency and no generalization to a GABAA α1 cue in the drug‐discrimination assay, clearly demonstrating the lack of modulation at the GABAA receptors containing an α1 subtype. In a Phase 1 single ascending dose study in healthy volunteers, evaluation of the pharmacodynamics of PF‐06372865 demonstrated a robust increase in saccadic peak velocity (a marker of α2/3 pharmacology), increases in beta frequency qEEG and a slight saturating increase in body sway.Conclusions and ImplicationsPF‐06372865 has a unique clinical pharmacology profile and a highly predictive translational data package from preclinical species to the clinical setting.