bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, spectral and antibacterial activity of Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes with 2‐hydroxy‐benzoic acid(3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐naphthalen‐1‐ylidene)‐hydrazide
Authors: Tyagi Monika , Tyagi Prateek , Chandra Sulekh 
Published: May 2017

A bioactive Schiff base HL i.e. 2‐hydroxy‐benzoic acid(3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐naphthalen‐1‐ylidene)‐hydrazide was synthesized by reacting equimolar amount of salicylic acid hydrazide and 1‐tetralone. Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes of ligand HL was synthesized in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratio of metal to ligand. The structure of the synthesized ligand and metal complexes was established by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, electronic, IR and EPR spectral techniques. For determining the thermal stability the TGA has been done. In DFT studies the geometries of Schiff bases and metal complexes were fully optimized with respect to the energy using the 6–31 + g(d,p) basis set. Spectral data reveal that ligand behave uninegative tridentate in ML complexes and uninegative bidentate in ML2 complexes. On the basis of characterization octahedral geometry has been assigned for Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes, while tetrahedral for Zn(II) complexes. Antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas campestris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the results revealed that metal complexes show enhanced activity in comparison to free ligand.
Hydrocortisone therapy in a cat with vasopressor‐refractory septic shock and suspected critical illness‐related corticosteroid insufficiency
Authors: Pisano Simone R. R. , Howard Judith , Posthaus Horst , Kovacevic Alan , Yozova Ivayla D. 
Published: May 2017

Key Clinical MessageA 27‐month‐old female cat was presented with septic peritonitis secondary to a ruptured pyometra and subsequent pyothorax. Vasopressor‐refractory septic shock led to a suspicion of critical illness‐related corticosteroid insufficiency, successfully treated with intravenous hydrocortisone. Previous megestrol acetate administration may have played a role in the development of adrenocortical dysfunction.
Stereochemical assignment of fusiccocadiene from NMR shielding constants and vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy
Authors: Merten Christian , Dirkmann Michael , Schulz Frank 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe absolute configuration (AC) of the common precursor of the fusicoccane family of terpenoids, fusicocca‐2,10(14)‐diene (FCdiene), had only been deduced by a lengthy total synthesis, or indirectly from crystal structures of fusicoccin A. However, in particular the AC determinations based on downstream products of the terpene synthase intrinsically overlook potential epimerization reactions. In this contribution, we confirm the relative stereochemistry of FCdiene by comparison of experimental and predicted 13C–NMR chemical shifts, and finally determine the absolute configuration from an analysis of its infrared and vibrational circular dichroism spectra.
A lightweight password‐based authentication protocol using smart card
Authors: Wang Chenyu , Wang Ding , Xu Guoai , Guo Yanhui 
Published: May 2017

SummaryWith its simplicity and feasibility, password‐based remote user authentication becomes a popular way to control remote access to network. These years, numerous password‐based authentication schemes have been proposed. Recently, Maitra et al proposed a smart card–based scheme which claims to be resistant to various attacks. Unfortunately, we found some important flaws in this scheme. Therefore, in this paper, we will demonstrate that the scheme of Maitra et al is not secure enough as claimed: neither resisting against off‐line password guessing attack and insider attack nor preserve forward secrecy. To overcome those flaws, we put forward an improved new scheme which not only is resistant to all known attacks but also provides many attractive attributes, such as user revocation and re‐register. Also, we compared the scheme with other related schemes, the result proved the superiority of our scheme. Particularly, we show a new way (beyond the conventional Deffie‐Hellman approach) to achieve forward secrecy. Furthermore, we put some efforts into exploring the design principle of authentication schemes.
Combining field experiments and predictive models to assess potential for increased plant diversity to climate‐proof intensive agriculture
Authors: Mason Norman W. H. , Palmer David J. , Romera Alvaro , Waugh Deanne , Mudge Paul L. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAgricultural production systems face increasing threats from more frequent and extreme weather fluctuations associated with global climate change. While there is mounting evidence that increased plant community diversity can reduce the variability of ecosystem functions (such as primary productivity) in the face of environmental fluctuation, there has been little work testing whether this is true for intensively managed agricultural systems. Using statistical modeling techniques to fit environment–productivity relationships offers an efficient means of leveraging hard‐won experimental data to compare the potential variability of different mixtures across a wide range of environmental contexts. We used data from two multiyear field experiments to fit climate–soil–productivity models for two pasture mixtures under intensive grazing—one composed of two drought‐sensitive species (standard), and an eight‐species mixture including several drought‐resistant species (complex). We then used these models to undertake a scoping study estimating the mean and coefficient of variation (CV) of annual productivity for long‐term climate data covering all New Zealand on soils with low, medium, or high water‐holding capacity. Our results suggest that the complex mixture is likely to have consistently lower CV in productivity, irrespective of soil type or climate regime. Predicted differences in mean annual productivity between mixtures were strongly influenced by soil type and were closely linked to mean annual soil water availability across all soil types. Differences in the CV of productivity were only strongly related to interannual variance in water availability for the lowest water‐holding capacity soil. Our results show that there is considerable scope for mixtures including drought‐tolerant species to enhance certainty in intensive pastoral systems. This provides justification for investing resources in a large‐scale distributed experiment involving many sites under different environmental contexts to confirm these findings.
Giant invasive Heracleum persicum: Friend or foe of plant diversity?
Authors: Rijal Dilli P. , Alm Torbjørn , Nilsen Lennart , Alsos Inger G. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe impact of invasion on diversity varies widely and remains elusive. Despite the considerable attempts to understand mechanisms of biological invasion, it is largely unknown whether some communities’ characteristics promote biological invasion, or whether some inherent characteristics of invaders enable them to invade other communities. Our aims were to assess the impact of one of the massive plant invaders of Scandinavia on vascular plant species diversity, disentangle attributes of invasible and noninvasible communities, and evaluate the relationship between invasibility and genetic diversity of a dominant invader. We studied 56 pairs of Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fisch.‐invaded and noninvaded plots from 12 locations in northern Norway. There was lower native cover, evenness, taxonomic diversity, native biomass, and species richness in the invaded plots than in the noninvaded plots. The invaded plots had nearly two native species fewer than the noninvaded plots on average. Within the invaded plots, cover of H. persicum had a strong negative effect on the native cover, evenness, and native biomass, and a positive association with the height of the native plants. Plant communities containing only native species appeared more invasible than those that included exotic species, particularly H. persicum. Genetic diversity of H. persicum was positively correlated with invasibility but not with community diversity. The invasion of a plant community by H. persicum exerts consistent negative pressure on vascular plant diversity. The lack of positive correlation between impacts and genetic diversity of H. persicum indicates that even a small founder population may cause high impact. We highlight community stability or saturation as an important determinant of invasibility. While the invasion by H. persicum may decrease susceptibility of a plant community to further invasion, it severely reduces the abundance of native species and makes them more vulnerable to competitive exclusion.
High invasion potential ofHydrilla verticillatain the Americas predicted using ecological niche modeling combined with genetic data
Authors: Zhu Jinning , Xu Xuan , Tao Qing , Yi Panpan , Yu Dan , Xu Xinwei 
Published: May 2017

AbstractEcological niche modeling is an effective tool to characterize the spatial distribution of suitable areas for species, and it is especially useful for predicting the potential distribution of invasive species. The widespread submerged plantHydrilla verticillata(hydrilla) has an obvious phylogeographical pattern: Four genetic lineages occupy distinct regions in native range, and only one lineage invades the Americas. Here, we aimed to evaluate climatic niche conservatism of hydrilla in North America at the intraspecific level and explore its invasion potential in the Americas by comparing climatic niches in a phylogenetic context. Niche shift was found in the invasion process of hydrilla in North America, which is probably mainly attributed to high levels of somatic mutation. Dramatic changes in range expansion in the Americas were predicted in the situation of all four genetic lineages invading the Americas or future climatic changes, especially in South America; this suggests that there is a high invasion potential of hydrilla in the Americas. Our findings provide useful information for the management of hydrilla in the Americas and give an example of exploring intraspecific climatic niche to better understand species invasion.
Organ dysfunction, injury and failure in acute heart failure: from pathophysiology to diagnosis and management. A review on behalf of the Acute Heart Failure Committee of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
Authors: Harjola Veli‐Pekka , Mullens Wilfried , Banaszewski Marek , Bauersachs Johann , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Chioncel Ovidiu , Collins Sean P. , Doehner Wolfram , Filippatos Gerasimos S. , Flammer Andreas J. , Fuhrmann Valentin , Lainscak Mitja , Lassus Johan , Legrand Matthieu , Masip Josep , Mueller Christian , Papp Zoltán , Parissis John , Platz Elke , Rudiger Alain , Ruschitzka Frank , Schäfer Andreas , Seferovic Petar M. , Skouri Hadi , Yilmaz Mehmet Birhan , Mebazaa Alexandre 
Published: May 2017

AbstractOrgan injury and impairment are commonly observed in patients with acute heart failure (AHF), and congestion is an essential pathophysiological mechanism of impaired organ function. Congestion is the predominant clinical profile in most patients with AHF; a smaller proportion presents with peripheral hypoperfusion or cardiogenic shock. Hypoperfusion further deteriorates organ function. The injury and dysfunction of target organs (i.e. heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, intestine, brain) in the setting of AHF are associated with increased risk for mortality. Improvement in organ function after decongestive therapies has been associated with a lower risk for post‐discharge mortality. Thus, the prevention and correction of organ dysfunction represent a therapeutic target of interest in AHF and should be evaluated in clinical trials. Treatment strategies that specifically prevent, reduce or reverse organ dysfunction remain to be identified and evaluated to determine if such interventions impact mortality, morbidity and patient‐centred outcomes. This paper reflects current understanding among experts of the presentation and management of organ impairment in AHF and suggests priorities for future research to advance the field.
Too hot to help! Exploring the impact of ambient temperature on helping
Authors: Belkin Liuba Y. , Kouchaki Maryam 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBuilding on the conservation of resources model, we conducted three studies to explore the link between ambient temperature and individual prosocial behavior. In study 1, analyzing the two‐wave field data from a chain of retail stores in Eastern Europe, we find that, in hot, as opposed to normal temperatures, employees are less likely to act in a prosocial manner. In study 2, we replicate and extend these findings in a randomized controlled experiment by identifying mechanisms underlying the relationship between hot ambient temperature and helping behavior. Specifically, we find that heat increases fatigue that leads to reduction in positive affect and subsequently reduces individual helping. Finally, in study 3, we replicate these findings in a field experiment. Taken together, our study helps to explain how and through what mechanisms ambient temperature influences individual helping. The theoretical and practical implications of our findings are discussed.
Untargeted analysis to monitor metabolic changes of garlic along heat treatment by LC–QTOF MS/MS
Authors: Molina‐Calle María , Sánchez de Medina Verónica , Calderón‐Santiago Mónica , Priego‐Capote Feliciano , Luque de Castro María D. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBlack garlic is increasing its popularity in cuisine around the world; however, scant information exists on the composition of this processed product. In this study, polar compounds in fresh garlic and in samples taken at different times during the heat treatment process to obtain black garlic have been characterized by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry in high resolution mode. Ninety‐five compounds (mainly amino acids and metabolites, organosulfur compounds, and saccharides and derivatives) were tentatively identified in all the analysed samples and classified as a function of the family they belong to. Statistical analysis of the results allowed establishing that the major changes in garlic occur during the first days of treatment, and they mainly affect to the three representative families. The main pathways involved in the synthesis of the compounds affected by heat treatment, and their evolution during the process were studied.
Analysis of essential oils through comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography: General utility
Authors: Tranchida Peter Q. , Franchina Flavio A. , Mondello Luigi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe first description of a comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) elucidation of an essential oil appeared in 2000 (J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 2000;23:208‐214); since then, a variety of investigations have been published also involving complex samples related to essential oils, such as perfumes. In many instances, there was no mismatch between the use of GC×GC, and the analytical scope; on the other hand, in some specific cases the use of GC×GC appeared to be less adequate.The present contribution is focused on the application of GC×GC, within the context of essential oil analysis. Perfumes are also tightly related to essential oils, and so are herein considered. Rather than to describe and critically‐review all the research related to such investigations, attention has been devoted to the general analytical usefulness of GC×GC in the aforementioned application fields, over more established approaches, such as conventional GC and heart‐cutting multidimensional GC.
Outcomes for olfactory neuroblastoma treated with induction chemotherapy
Authors: Su Shirley Y. , Bell Diana , Ferrarotto Renata , Phan Jack , Roberts Dianna , Kupferman Michael E. , Frank Steven J. , Fuller C. David , Gunn G. Brandon , Kies Merrill S. , Glisson Bonnie S. , Hanna Ehab Y. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundOncologic outcomes for induction chemotherapy and its role in patients with advanced olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) remain unclear.MethodsA retrospective review of 15 consecutive patients with extensive local invasion and/or nodal disease treated with induction chemotherapy with curative intent followed by definitive local therapy.ResultsThe majority of patients were treated with cisplatin and etoposide. The response to chemotherapy was 68% (10/15). Response was 78% (7/9) in the high Hyams high‐grade group and 50% (3/6) in the Hyams low‐grade group. Seven patients had complete response (CR) and 3 patients were able to avoid orbital exenteration. The 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 71% and 78%, respectively, with a trend toward improved survival in patients with CR.ConclusionONB is a chemosensitive tumor and induction chemotherapy is an acceptable strategy for aggressive and locoregional advanced disease. Hyams grade may predict chemosensitivity and CR may be associated with improved survival.
Tregitopes and impaired antigen presentation: Drivers of the immunomodulatory effects of IVIg?
Authors: Sordé Laetitia , Spindeldreher Sebastian , Palmer Ed , Karle Anette 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroductionAlthough intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is commonly used in the clinic to treat various autoimmune and severe inflammatory diseases, the mode of action is not fully elucidated. This work investigates two proposed mechanisms: (1) the potential role of regulatory T‐cell epitopes (Tregitopes) from the constant domain of IgG in the immunosuppressive function of IVIg; and (2) a potential impact of IVIg on the ability of antigen presenting cells (APCs) to present peptides.Methods and ResultsInvestigation of the HLA class II peptide repertoire from IVIg‐loaded dendritic cells (DCs) via MHC‐associated peptide proteomics (MAPPs) revealed that numerous IgG‐derived peptides were strongly presented along the antibody sequence. Surprisingly, Tregitopes 167 and 289 did not show efficient natural presentation although they both bound to HLA class II when directly loaded as “naked” peptides on human DCs. In addition, both Tregitopes could not reproduce the inhibitory effect of IVIg in a human in vitro T‐cell proliferation assay as well as in vivo in mice. MAPPs data demonstrate that presentation of peptides from several antigens remained unchanged even when competed with high doses of IVIg, in both human and mouse.ConclusionThese data suggest that the effects mediated by IVIg are not caused by Tregitopes nor by impaired antigen presentation.
Doubly robust uniform confidence band for the conditional average treatment effect function
Authors: Lee Sokbae , Okui Ryo , Whang Yoon‐Jae 
Published: May 2017

SummaryIn this paper, we propose a doubly robust method to estimate the heterogeneity of the average treatment effect with respect to observed covariates of interest. We consider a situation where a large number of covariates are needed for identifying the average treatment effect but the covariates of interest for analyzing heterogeneity are of much lower dimension. Our proposed estimator is doubly robust and avoids the curse of dimensionality. We propose a uniform confidence band that is easy to compute, and we illustrate its usefulness via Monte Carlo experiments and an application to the effects of smoking on birth weights.
Development of a novel bioactive glass suitable for osteosarcoma‐related bone grafts
Authors: Rahimnejad Yazdi Alireza , Torkan Lawrence , Waldman Stephen D. , Towler Mark R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this study, zinc borate‐based glasses with increasing gallium content (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 wt % Ga) were synthesized and their effect on the viability and proliferation of preosteoblasts and osteosarcoma cancer cells were investigated. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) cell viability assays using glass degradation extracts revealed that the extracts from glasses with lower Ga contents could enhance the viability of preosteoblasts, while extracts from the glass composition with 15 wt % Ga caused statistically significant reduction of their viability. MTT cell viability assays using the extracts and osteosarcoma cells showed that only extracts from the glass composition with 5 wt % Ga (G3) did not cause a statistically significant increase in the viability of cancer cells for all degradation periods (1 day, 7 days, and 28 days). G3 was selected as the most suitable composition for the osteosarcoma‐related graft operations as it could improve the viability of preosteoblasts without increasing the viability of cancer cells. The viability of preosteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells in contact with the glass powders were also investigated using MTT assays. The results showed that the G3 powders could enhance the viability of preosteoblasts while decreasing the viability of osteosarcoma cells. Finally, live/dead assays revealed that suppression of proliferation appeared to be the mechanism causing the observed reductions in the viability of osteosarcoma cells exposed to G3 powders. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1186–1193, 2018.
c-Jun N-Terminal Kinases (JNKs) Are Critical Mediators of Osteoblast Activity In Vivo
Authors: Xu Ren , Zhang Chao , Shin Dong Yeon , Kim Jung-Min , Lalani Sarfaraz , Li Na , Yang Yeon-Suk , Liu Yifang , Eiseman Mark , Davis Roger J , Shim Jae-Hyuck , Greenblatt Matthew B 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are ancient and evolutionarily conserved regulators of proliferation, differentiation, and cell death responses. Currently, in vitro studies offer conflicting data about whether the JNK pathway augments or represses osteoblast differentiation, and the contribution of the JNK pathway to regulation of bone mass in vivo remains unclear. Here we show that Jnk1–/– mice display severe osteopenia due to impaired bone formation, whereas Jnk2–/– mice display a mild osteopenia only evident in long bones. In order to both confirm that these effects were osteoblast intrinsic and assess whether redundancy with JNK1 masks a potential contribution of JNK2, mice with a conditional deletion of both JNK1 and JNK2 floxed conditional alleles in osteoblasts (Jnk1-2osx) were bred. These mice displayed a similar degree of osteopenia to Jnk1–/– mice due to decreased bone formation. In vitro, Jnk1–/– osteoblasts display a selective defect in the late stages of osteoblast differentiation with impaired mineralization activity. Downstream of JNK1, phosphorylation of JUN is impaired in Jnk1–/– osteoblasts. Transcriptome analysis showed that JNK1 is required for upregulation of several osteoblast-derived proangiogenic factors such as IGF2 and VEGFa. Accordingly, JNK1 deletion results in a significant reduction skeletal vasculature in mice. Taken together, this study establishes that JNK1 is a key mediator of osteoblast function in vivo and in vitro. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.