bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reddened, Redshifted, or Intrinsically Red? Understanding Near-ultraviolet Colors of Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Brown Peter J. , Landez Nancy J. , Milne Peter A. , Stritzinger Maximilian D. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The intrinsic colors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are important to understanding their use as cosmological standard candles. Understanding the effects of reddening and redshift on the observed colors are complicated and dependent on the intrinsic spectrum, the filter curves, and the wavelength dependence of reddening. We present ultraviolet and optical data of a growing sample of SNe Ia observed with the Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope on the Swift spacecraft and use this sample to re-examine the near-UV (NUV) colors of SNe Ia. We find that a small amount of reddening (E(B − V) = 0.2 mag) could account for the difference between groups designated as NUV-blue and NUV-red, and a moderate amount of reddening (E(B − V) = 0.5 mag) could account for the whole NUV-optical differences. The reddening scenario, however, is inconsistent with the mid-UV colors and color evolution. The effect of redshift alone only accounts for part of the variation. Using a spectral template of SN2011fe, we can forward model the effects of redshift and reddening and directly compare those with the observed colors. We find that some SNe are consistent with reddened versions of SN2011fe, but most SNe Ia are much redder in the uvw1 − v color than SN2011fe reddened to the same b − v color. The absolute magnitudes show that two out of five NUV-blue SNe Ia are blue because their near-UV luminosity is high, and the other three are optically fainter. We also show that SN 2011fe is not a “normal” SN Ia in the UV, but has colors placing it at the blue extreme of our sample.
The Galah Survey: Classification and Diagnostics with t-SNE Reduction of Spectral Information
Authors: Traven G. , Matijevič G. , Zwitter T. , Žerjal M. , Kos J. , Asplund M. , Bland-Hawthorn J. , Casey A. R. , De Silva G. , Freeman K. , Lin J. , Martell S. L. , Schlesinger K. J. , Sharma S. , Simpson J. D. , Zucker D. B. , Anguiano B. , Da Costa G. , Duong L. , Horner J. , Hyde E. A. , Kafle P. R. , Munari U. , Nataf D. , Navin C. A. , Reid W. , Ting Y.-S. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Galah is an ongoing high-resolution spectroscopic survey with the goal of disentangling the formation history of the Milky Way using the fossil remnants of disrupted star formation sites that are now dispersed around the Galaxy. It is targeting a randomly selected magnitude-limited (V ≤ 14) sample of stars, with the goal of observing one million objects. To date, 300,000 spectra have been obtained. Not all of them are correctly processed by parameter estimation pipelines, and we need to know about them. We present a semi-automated classification scheme that identifies different types of peculiar spectral morphologies in an effort to discover and flag potentially problematic spectra and thus help to preserve the integrity of the survey results. To this end, we employ the recently developed dimensionality reduction technique t-SNE (t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding), which enables us to represent the complex spectral morphology in a two-dimensional projection map while still preserving the properties of the local neighborhoods of spectra. We find that the majority (178,483) of the 209,533 Galah spectra considered in this study represents normal single stars, whereas 31,050 peculiar and problematic spectra with very diverse spectral features pertaining to 28,579 stars are distributed into 10 classification categories: hot stars, cool metal-poor giants, molecular absorption bands, binary stars, Hα/Hβ emission, Hα/Hβ emission superimposed on absorption, Hα/Hβ P-Cygni, Hα/Hβ inverted P-Cygni, lithium absorption, and problematic. Classified spectra with supplementary information are presented in the catalog, indicating candidates for follow-up observations and population studies of the short-lived phases of stellar evolution.
The Equilibrium Temperature of Planets in Elliptical Orbits
Authors: Méndez Abel , Rivera-Valentín Edgard G. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
There exists a positive correlation between orbital eccentricity and the average stellar flux that planets receive from their parent star. Often, though, it is assumed that the average equilibrium temperature would correspondingly increase with eccentricity. Here, we test this assumption by calculating and comparing analytic solutions for both the spatial and temporal averages of orbital distance, stellar flux, and equilibrium temperature. Our solutions show that the average equilibrium temperature of a planet, with a constant albedo, slowly decreases with eccentricity until converging to a value 90% that of a circular orbit. This might be the case for many types of planets (e.g., hot Jupiters); however, the actual equilibrium and surface temperature of planets also depend on orbital variations of albedo and greenhouse. Our results also have implications in understanding the climate, habitability, and the occurrence of potential Earth-like planets. For instance, it helps explain why the limits of the habitable zone for planets in highly elliptical orbits are wider than expected from the mean flux approximation, as shown by climate models.
Le collectionneur : un habitus excentrique
Authors: Tacussel Patrick 
Published: February 2017

Archéologue des mots et des choses, Balzac est un ethnométhodologue pour qui faire et parler sont des représentations connotatives du monde quotidien ; c’est pour cette raison que le fait social est inséparable de la mise en scène, de l’explicitement symbolique, qu’il est un langage dont les morphèmes et phonèmes composent la grammaire particulière de la vie en société. La comédie est la métaphore des relations sociales en tant que langage, et la métaphore de ce langage comme relation intersubjective.
The influence of John Calvin’s theology on the World Council of Churches
Authors: Van Wyk G.M.J. 
Published: February 2017

This article explores the question whether any traces of Calvin’s theological views on church unity can be found in the purpose statements and goals of the World Council of Churches (WCC). Although no direct influence of Calvin’s theology on the work of the WCC can be proved, the structure and content of Calvin’s thought on church unity can be recognised in the statements and work of the WCC. Calvin believed that true church unity is not in the first place a unity of church structures, but one of truth, love, hope and confession. The ecumenical movement is in agreement with Calvin in this regard. The ecumenical movement and the World Council of Churches are products of modern culture. The ecumenical movement could not have developed in a world that is not tolerant and where the free use of reason is not one of the core values of society. The ecumenical movement is also the natural answer to the problem of religious division that pre-modern Europe left us with. After a brief description of the World Council of Church- es as a modern institution the influence of Calvin’s theology on the theology of the World Council of Churches is explored.
Combining regional rainfall frequency analysis and rainfall-runoff modelling to derive frequency distributions of peak flows in ungauged basins: a proposal for Sicily region (Italy)
Authors: Bonaccorso Brunella , Brigandì Giuseppina , Aronica Giuseppe Tito 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. In the present study an attempt is made to provide a general Monte Carlo approach for deriving flood frequency curves in ungauged basins in Sicily region (Italy). The proposed procedure consists of (i) a regional frequency analysis of extreme rainfall series, combined with Huff curves-based synthetic hyetographs, for design storms and (ii) a rainfall-runoff model, based on the Time-Area technique, to generate synthetic hydrographs. Validation of the procedure is carried out on four gauged river basins in Sicily region (Italy), where synthetic peak flow frequency curves, obtained by simulating 1000 flood events, are compared with observed values. Results of the application reveal that the proposed Monte Carlo approach is suitable to reproduce with reasonable accuracy the hydrologic response of the investigated basins. Given its relative simplicity, the developed procedure can be easily extended to poorly gauged or ungauged basins.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Oxygenative Bimolecular Friedel–Crafts‐type Coupling of Ynamides
Authors: Patil Dilip V. , Kim Seung Woo , Nguyen Quynh H. , Kim Hanbyul , Wang Shan , Hoang Tuan , Shin Seunghoon 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA non‐metal approach for accessing α‐oxo carbene surrogates for a C−C bond‐forming bimolecular coupling between ynamides and nucleophilic arenes was developed. This acid‐catalyzed coupling features mild temperature, which is critical for the required temporal chemoselectivity among nucleophiles. The scope of nucleophiles includes indoles, pyrroles, anilines, phenols and silyl enolethers. Furthermore, a direct test of SN2′ mechanism has been provided by employing chiral N,N′‐dioxides which also enlightens the nature of the intermediates in related metal‐catalyzed processes.
Institutional Constraints, Stakeholder Pressure and Corporate Environmental Reporting Policies
Authors: Gallego‐Alvarez Isabel , Ortas Eduardo , Vicente‐Villardón José Luis , Álvarez Etxeberria Igor 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWithin the theoretical framework of socio‐political economics, and more specifically of stakeholder theory, this work examines whether companies operating under different institutional constraints and stakeholder pressure tend to emphasize different models of corporate environmental reporting. Furthermore, the paper tests whether different corporate environmental reporting policies are driven by the countries' corporate governance systems. A sample of 3931 international companies was examined through a logistic biplot and conditional mean linear regression models. The main results reveal that companies follow two distinct environmental reporting approaches, which depend on specific stakeholders and institutional requirements. The first model, which is followed by firms within codified law countries, mostly focuses on water and emissions. The second approach, mainly followed by companies operating in common law countries, emphasizes materials and energy issues. This finding reveals that companies gradually modify their environmental strategies to make themselves more compatible with the characteristics of the social and institutional environment, which will result in several corporate benefits. The paper provides several outstanding implications for companies' strategic managers, national institutions and firms' stakeholders, especially for investors and customers. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Encapsulating an Immunosuppressant Enhances Tolerance Induction by Siglec‐Engaging Tolerogenic Liposomes
Authors: Pang Lijuan , Macauley Matthew S. , Arlian Britni M. , Nycholat Corwin M. , Paulson James C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractUnwanted antibody responses significantly impact human health, and current options for treating deleterious antibody responses largely rely on broad immunosuppressants that can compromise overall immunity. A desirable alternative is to induce antigen‐specific immune tolerance. We have shown that co‐presentation of antigen and ligands of B cell sialic acid‐binding immunoglobulin‐like lectins (Siglecs) on a liposomal nanoparticle induces antigen‐specific tolerance. Although Siglec‐engaging tolerance‐inducing antigenic liposomes (STALs) induce robust B cell tolerance in naïve mice, the full potential of STALs requires long‐term tolerance induction and suppression of an ongoing immune response. We hypothesized that STALs encapsulated with rapamycin (RAPA), an immunomodulator, could improve the efficacy of STALs and potentially enable their use in the context of immunological memory. Here, we showed that formulation of STALs with RAPA produced enhanced tolerance induction in naïve mice compared to STALs without RAPA but had minimal impact on inducing tolerance in previously sensitized mice. These findings indicate that the addition of immunomodulators to STALs could be beneficial in tolerance induction and support future development of STALs for the treatment of allergy and autoimmune diseases.
Metabolic Chemical Reporters of Glycans Exhibit Cell‐Type‐Selective Metabolism and Glycoprotein Labeling
Authors: Batt Anna R. , Zaro Balyn W. , Navarro Marisol X. , Pratt Matthew R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSince the pioneering work by Reutter and co‐workers that demonstrated structural flexibility in the carbohydrate biosynthesis and glycosylation pathways, many different labs have used unnatural monosaccharide analogues to perform glycan engineering on the surface of living cells. A subset of these unnatural monosaccharides contain bioorthogonal groups that enable the selective installation of visualization or enrichment tags. These metabolic chemical reporters (MCRs) have proven to be powerful for the unbiased identification of glycoproteins; however, they do have certain limitations. For example, they are incorporated substoichiometrically into glycans, and most MCRs are not selective for one class (e.g., O‐GlcNAcylation) of glycoprotein. Here, we explore the relationship between the biosynthesis of MCR donor sugars in cells and the labeling levels of four different N‐acetylglucosamine‐ and N‐acetylgalactosamine‐based MCRs. We found that the buildup of the different donor sugars correlated well with the overall labeling levels but less so with intracellular labeling of proteins by O‐GlcNAcylation.
p‐Cymene as Solvent for Olefin Metathesis: Matching Efficiency and Sustainability
Authors: Granato Artur V. , Santos Alexandra G. , dos Santos Eduardo N. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe underexploited biorenewable p‐cymene is employed as a solvent for the metathesis of various substrates. p‐Cymene is a nontoxic compound that can be obtained in large amounts as a side product of the cellulose and citrus industry. For the cross‐metathesis of estragole with methyl acrylate, this solvent prevents the consecutive double‐bond isomerization of the product and affords the best yield of all solvents tested. Undesired consecutive isomerization is a major challenge for many substrates in olefin metathesis, including pharmaceutical precursors, and the use of p‐cymene as a solvent may be a way to prevent it. This solvent results in a better metathesis performance than toluene for the three substrates tested in this work, matching its performance for two other substrates.
“Evidence”‐based medicine in eating disorders research: The problem of “confetti p values”
Authors: Chmura Kraemer Helena 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEating disorders hold a unique place among mental health disorders, in that salient symptoms can be objectively observed and measured rather than determined only from patient interviews or subjective evaluations. Because of this measurement advantage alone, evidence‐based medicine would be expected there to make the most rapid strides. However, conclusions in Eating Disorders research, as in all medical research literature, often continue to be misleading or ambiguous. One major and long‐known source of such problems is the misuse and misinterpretation of “statistical significance”, with “p values” strewn throughout research papers like so much confetti, a problem that has become systemic, that is, enforced, rather than corrected, by the peer‐review system. This discussion attempts to clarify the issues, and to suggest how readers might deal with this issue in processing the research literature.
Estrogenic suppression of binge‐like eating elicited by cyclic food restriction and frustrative‐nonreward stress in female rats
Authors: Micioni Di Bonaventura Maria Vittoria , Lutz Thomas A. , Romano Adele , Pucci Mariangela , Geary Nori , Asarian Lori , Cifani Carlo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBecause binge eating and emotional eating vary through the menstrual cycle in human females, we investigated cyclic changes in binge‐like eating in female rats and their control by estrogens. Binge‐like eating was elicited by three cycles of 4 days of food restriction and 4 days of free feeding followed by a single frustrative nonreward‐stress episode (15 min visual and olfactory exposure to a familiar palatable food) immediately before presentation of the palatable food. Intact rats showed binge‐like eating during the diestrous and proestrous phases of the ovarian cycle, but not during the estrous (periovulatory) phase. Ovariectomized (OVX) rats not treated with estradiol (E2) displayed binge‐like eating, whereas E2‐treated OVX rats did not. The procedure did not increase signs of anxiety in an open‐field test. OVX rats not treated with E2 that were subjected to food restriction and sacrificed immediately after frustrative nonreward had increased numbers of cells expressing phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK) in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN), and dorsal and ventral bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (BNST) compared with nonrestricted or E2‐treated rats. These data suggest that this female rat model is appropriate for mechanistic studies of some aspects of menstrual‐cycle effects on emotional and binge eating in human females, that anxiety is not a sufficient cause of binge‐like eating, and that the PVN, CeA, and BNST may contribute to information processing underlying binge‐like eating.
Association between enrolment in a heart failure quality registry and subsequent mortality—a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Lund Lars H. , Carrero Juan‐Jesus , Farahmand Bahman , Henriksson Karin M. , Jonsson Åsa , Jernberg Tomas , Dahlström Ulf 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) quality registries report quality of care but it is unknown whether they improve outcomes. The aims were to assess predictors of enrolment in a HF registry, test the hypothesis that enrolment in a HF registry is associated with reduced mortality, and assess potential explanatory factors for this reduction in mortality, if present.Methods and resultsWe conducted a nationwide prospective cohort study of patients with new‐onset HF registered in the Swedish National Patient Registry (NPR, a mandatory registry of ICD‐code diagnoses) with or without concurrent registration in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry (SwedeHF, a voluntary quality reporting registry) 2006–2013. The association between demographics, co‐morbidities and medications, and enrolment in the SwedeHF, was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. The association between enrolment in the SwedeHF and all‐cause mortality was assessed using multivariable Cox regression, with adjustment for demographics, co‐morbidities and medications. A total of 231 437 patients were included, of which 21 888 (9.5%) were in the SwedeHF [age (mean ± standard deviation) 74 ± 13 years; 41% women; 68% inpatients] and 209 549 (90.5%) were not (age 78 ± 12 years, 50% women; 79% inpatients). Selected variables independently associated with enrolment in the SwedeHF were male sex, younger age, higher education, absent co‐morbidities and co‐morbidity‐related medications, and use of HF and cardiovascular medications. Over a median (interquartile range) follow‐up of 874 (247–1667) days, there were 13.0 vs. 20.8 deaths per 100 patient‐years (P < 0.001). The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for death for the SwedeHF yes vs. no was 0.65 (0.63–0.66) crude, and increased to 0.80 (0.78–0.81) after adding demographics, to 0.82 (0.80–0.84) after adding co‐morbidities and co‐morbidity‐related medications, to 0.95 (0.93–0.97) after adding cardiovascular medications, and to 1.04 (1.02–1.07) after adding HF‐specific medications.ConclusionHeart failure patients of male sex, younger age, and higher education were more likely to be enrolled in a HF quality registry. Enrolment was associated with reduced all‐cause mortality that was explained by demographic differences and better utilization of cardiovascular and HF medications.
Managing IT Change—IT Organization
Authors: Worster Art , Weirich Thomas R. , Andera Frank 
Published: February 2017

This article is a continuation of the series focusing on managing IT change in an organization. As businesses move from functional logic to integrated business processes, this series of articles has discussed the way in which different functions relate to new processes. Also, we have reviewed how other factors, such as tools and programs, used to organize and manage the enterprise, have a pronounced impact on performance. Further, this transition must be managed as part of longer‐term continuous improvement programs for the overall enterprise. In our previous article, we discussed the role of business leadership in evaluating and defining IT strategy necessary to support these major and disruptive changes. One additional aspect of IT strategy that bears discussion is IT function staffing and where the work will be completed. When decisions are based on projected cost calculations, they invariably do not include an end‐to‐end understanding of knowledge transfer. This is a complex task moving from problem identification to whatever development organization will do the work and testing, and back. This article starts with a definition of knowledge transfer among organizational components and then discusses the role that each design component may play in efficiently and accurately completing the work.	© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Capital Efficiency Measures in Industrial Business—It Is Time to Critically Review These Calculations
Authors: Baumast Alexander Carl 
Published: February 2017

Capital efficiency measures like economic value added (EVA) and return on capital employed (ROCE) have been developed and are regularly used by many industrial companies to avoid short‐term bias and provide stakeholders with valuable insight into the long‐term ability of a company to create value. In recent years, new models have emerged (partly promoted by the financial industry), which in turn attract management teams to optimize those capital efficiency figures without appropriately considering both underlying risk and long‐term benefit for the companies' stakeholders. This article highlights examples where this is practiced by shifting of financing sources in order to achieve an artificial improvement of those figures. It also provides suggestions to avoid such misleading results in the future.	© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Analysis of Auditors' Perceptions Related to Fair Value Estimates
Authors: Hermanson Susan D. , Kerler William A. , Rojas Julian D. 
Published: February 2017

This study investigates auditors' understanding of Level 1, 2, and 3 fair value estimates (FVEs) and their perceptions of the adequacy of the associated auditing standards and internal firm guidance. The results indicate that Level 1 and Level 2 FVEs are encountered more frequently than Level 3 FVEs, and that auditors perceive themselves to have the greatest knowledge and comfort related to Level 1 FVEs followed by Levels 2 and 3, respectively. Auditors believe Level 3 FVEs are the most difficult to audit, while Level 1 FVEs are the least difficult to audit. While still overall confident, auditors are the least confident opining on financial statements with significant Level 3 FVEs, followed by financial statements with Level 2 and Level 1 FVEs, respectively. Auditors believe professional auditing standards, internal firm guidance, and required disclosures related to FVEs are all adequate. Finally, auditors believe determining whether they have done “enough” is the greatest challenge when auditing FVEs, while the cost–benefit consideration is perceived as the greatest cause of FVE testing failures.	© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.