bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subject omission/production in child bilingual English and child bilingual Spanish: the view from linguistic theory
Authors: Liceras Juana M. , Fernández Fuertes Raquel 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In bilingual child language acquisition research, a recurrent learnability issue has been to investigate whether and how cross-linguistic influence would interact with the non-adult patterns of omission/production of functional categories. In this paper, we analyze the omission/production of subject pronouns in the earliest stage English grammar and the earliest stage Spanish grammar of two English–Spanish simultaneous bilingual children (FerFuLice corpus in CHILDES). We base this analysis on Holmberg’s (2005, Is there a little pro? Evidence from Finnish. Linguistic Inquiry 36. 533–564) and Sheehan’s (2006, The EPP and null subjects in Romance. Newcastle: Newcastle University PhD dissertation) formulation of the null subject parameter and on Liceras et al.’s (2012, Overt subjects and copula omission in the Spanish and the English grammar of English-Spanish bilinguals: On the locus and directionality of interlinguistic influence. First Language 32(1–2). 88–115) assumptions concerning the role of lexical specialization in cross-linguistic influence. We have conducted a comparative analysis of the patterns of production/omission of English and Spanish overt and null subjects in two bilingual children, on the one hand, versus the patterns of production/omission of one monolingual English child and one monolingual Spanish child, on the other. The results show that while there is no conclusive evidence as to whether or not English influences the higher production of overt subjects in child bilingual Spanish, the presence of null subjects in Spanish has a positive influence in the eradication of non-adult null subjects in bilingual English. We argue that in a bilingual situation, as compared to a monolingual one, lexical specialization in one of the languages of the bilinguals (the availability of an overt and a null realization of the subject in Spanish) facilitates the acquisition of the other language.
Functional polymorphisms in antioxidant genes in Hurthle cell thyroid neoplasm - an association ofGPX1polymorphism and recurrent Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Krhin Blaz , Goricar Katja , Gazic Barbara , Dolzan Vita , Besic Nikola 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundHurthle cells of the thyroid gland are very rich in mitochondria and oxidative enzymes. As a high level oxidative metabolism may lead to higher level of oxidative stress and can be associated with an increased risk for cancer, we investigated whether common functional polymorphisms in antioxidant genes(SOD2, CAT, GPX, GSTP1,GSTM1andGSTT1) are associated with the development or clinical course of Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC).MethodsA retrospective study was performed in 139 patients treated by thyroid surgery for a Hurthle cell neoplasm. HCTC, Hurthle cell thyroid adenoma (HCTA) or Hurthle cell thyroid nodule (HCTN) were diagnosed by pathomorphology. DNA was extracted from cores of histologically confirmed normal tissue obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens and genotyped for investigated polymorphisms. Logistic regression was used to compare genotype distributions between patient groups.ResultsHCTC, HCTA and HCTN were diagnosed in 53, 47 and 21 patients, respectively. Metastatic disease and recurrence of HCTC were diagnosed in 20 and 16 HCTC patients, respectively. Genotypes and allele frequencies of investigated polymorphisms did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in patients with HCTC, HCTA and HCTN. Under the dominant genetic model we observed no differences in the genotype frequency distribution of the investigated polymorphisms when the HCTA and HCTN group was compared to the HCTC group for diagnosis of HCTC or for the presence of metastatic disease. However,GPX1polymorphism was associated with the occurrence of recurrent disease (p = 0.040).ConclusionsGPX1polymorphism may influence the risk for recurrent disease in HCTC.
The proliferation marker Ki67, but not neuroendocrine expression, is an independent factor in the prediction of prognosis of primary prostate cancer patients
Authors: Pascale Mariarosa , Aversa Cinzia , Barbazza Renzo , Marongiu Barbara , Siracusano Salvatore , Stoffel Flavio , Sulfaro Sando , Roggero Enrico , Bonin Serena , Stanta Giorgio 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background
Neuroendocrine markers, which could indicate for aggressive variants of prostate cancer and Ki67 (a well-known marker in oncology for defining tumor proliferation), have already been associated with clinical outcome in prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of those markers in primary prostate cancer patients.

Patients and methods
NSE (neuron specific enolase), ChrA (chromogranin A), Syp (Synaptophysin) and Ki67 staining were performed by immunohistochemistry. Then, the prognostic impact of their expression on overall survival was investigated in 166 primary prostate cancer patients by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
NSE, ChrA, Syp and Ki67 were positive in 50, 45, 54 and 146 out of 166 patients, respectively. In Kaplan-Meier analysis only diffuse NSE staining (negative vs diffuse, p = 0.004) and Ki67 (≤ 10% vs > 10%, p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with overall survival. Ki67 expression, but not NSE, resulted as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions
A prognostic model incorporating Ki67 expression with clinical-pathological covariates could provide additional prognostic information. Ki67 may thus improve prediction of prostate cancer outcome based on standard clinical-pathological parameters improving prognosis and management of prostate cancer patients.
Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin is effective in BRAF mutated melanoma cells and interacts with BRAF inhibitors
Authors: Dolinsek Tanja , Prosen Lara , Cemazar Maja , Potocnik Tjasa , Sersa Gregor 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT) during the treatment of melanoma patients with BRAF inhibitors. Its effectiveness was tested on BRAF mutated and non-mutated melanoma cellsin vitroand in combination with BRAF inhibitors.Materials and methodsECT with bleomycin was performed on two human melanoma cell lines, with (SK-MEL-28) or without (CHL-1) BRAF V600E mutation. Cell survival was determined using clonogenic assay to determine the effectiveness of ECT in melanoma cells of different mutation status. Furthermore, the effectiveness of ECT in concomitant treatment with BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib was also determined in BRAF mutated cells SK-MEL-28 with clonogenic assay.ResultsThe survival of BRAF V600E mutated melanoma cells was even lower than non-mutated cells, indicating that ECT is effective regardless of the mutational status of melanoma cells. Furthermore, the synergistic interaction between vemurafenib and ECT with bleomycin was demonstrated in the BRAF V600E mutated melanoma cells.ConclusionsThe effectiveness of ECT in BRAF mutated melanoma cells as well as potentiation of its effectiveness during the treatment with vemurafenibin vitroimplies on clinical applicability of ECT in melanoma patients with BRAF mutation and/or during the treatment with BRAF inhibitors.
Biodegradable siderophores: survey on their production, chelating and complexing properties
Authors: Fazary Ahmed E. , Ju Yi-Hsu , Al-Shihri Ayed S. , Alfaifi Mohammad Y. , Alshehri Mohammed A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe academic and industrial research on the interactions of complexing agents with the environment has received more attention for more than half a century ago and has always been concerned with the applications of chelating agents in the environment. In contrast, in recent years, an increasing scholarly interest has been demonstrated in the chemical and biological degradation of chelating agents. This is reflected by the increasing number of chelating agents-related publications between 1950 and middle of 2016. Consequently, the discovery of new green biodegradable chelating agents is of great importance and has an impact in the non-biodegradable chelating agent’s replacement with their green chemistry analogs. To acquire iron, many bacteria growing aerobically, including marine species, produce siderophores, which are low-molecular-weight compounds produced to facilitate acquisition of iron. To date and to the best of our knowledge, this is a concise and complete review article of the current and previous relevant studies conducted in the field of production, purification of siderophore compounds and their metal complexes, and their roles in biology and medicine.
Leveraging the network: A stress-test framework based on DebtRank
Authors: Battiston Stefano , Caldarelli Guido , D’Errico Marco , Gurciullo Stefano 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We develop a novel stress-test framework to monitor systemic risk in financial systems. The modular structure of the framework allows to accommodate for a variety of shock scenarios, methods to estimate interbank exposures and mechanisms of distress propagation. The main features are as follows. First, the framework allows to estimate and disentangle not only first-round effects (i.e. shock on external assets) and second-round effects (i.e. distress induced in the interbank network), but also third-round effects induced by possible fire sales. Second, it allows to monitor at the same time the impact of shocks on individual or groups of financial institutions as well as their vulnerability to shocks on counterparties or certain asset classes. Third, it includes estimates for loss distributions, thus combining network effects with familiar risk measures such as VaR and CVaR. Fourth, in order to perform robustness analyses and cope with incomplete data, the framework features a module for the generation of sets of networks of interbank exposures that are coherent with the total lending and borrowing of each bank. As an illustration, we carry out a stress-test exercise on a dataset of listed European banks over the years 2008–2013. We find that second-round and third-round effects dominate first-round effects, therefore suggesting that most current stress-test frameworks might lead to a severe underestimation of systemic risk.
Neo-liberalism: Employability, and the Labor Market Mobility among Racialized Migrants- Canada's Study
Authors: Madut Kon K 
Published: August 2016

The paper discusses the effect of political paradigm on the path of career development and the predicament of employment outcomes among racialized migrants in Canada. The study highlights challenge of retraining, skills development and access to Canadian work experience that meets neo-labor market demands. The study also examines how neoliberals’ interventions in market place, elimination of social services, and employment support programs have deterred labor force integration of the racialized migrants’ job seekers. In this Grounded Theory study (GT), participants have shared their experiences and challenges they have encountered form own perspectives. They shared stories about difficulties of finding suitable training and employment support programs within the current neo-liberalized labor market in Canada. The outcomes suggested that the rise of neoliberalism as noted in policies of social and employment services cuts, coupled with employment standard Acts reforms (ESA), have given employers more powers over hiring process which in many cases has nothing to do with candidate’s skills or qualifications. In this neo-political paradigm, the racialized migrants felt they have wasted most of their productive years searching for (1) training, mentorship or employment support programs that can facilitate effective transition to the labor force, and (2) dealing with challenges of improving unrecognized skills and qualification attained from countries of origin.
Disability and Depression in Thor Comic Books
Authors: Germaine Alison Elizabeth 
Published: August 2016

This article explores disability and depression, especially as they relate to masculinity and power, within Thor comics. Societal interpretations of disability are also discussed in terms of comics' ability to both challenge and reinforce these interpretations; further, aspects of comics design are investigated within the symbolic realm of disability and depression, illustrating the portrayal of disability and depression via characteristics such as color, panels, and facial expressions.
Parestesia postquirúrgica: terapia con láser de baja potencia . Reporte de 2 casos.
Authors: De La Torre Florencio , Alfaro Carlos 
Published: August 2016

Se presenta el reporte de dos casos clínicos en pacientes que presentaron pérdida de la sensibilidad posterior procedimientosde cirugía bucal. El primer caso corresponde a parestesia en el nervio lingual del lado derecho con dos semanas de evolución y el segundo caso a parestesia del nervio mentoniano del lado izquierdo con un tiempo de evolución de 9 días. Para determinar el grado de percepción sensorial empleamos un test mecánico con hilo nylon y/o pincel, y los cuantifi camos usando una escala numérica visual análoga del 0 al 10 (VAS). Ambos casos cuantifi caron “0” en la valoración del grado de percepción. La terapia de láser de baja potencia (TLBP) fue aplicada empleando un equipo de láser de diodo marca DMC Therapy XT, programamos 3Jouls/cm2 de 30sg por punto, tipo de contacto perpendicular y en total 10 aplicaciones siguiendo el trayecto del nervio afectado para cada caso. En la décima sesión, la recuperación era completa con un VAS grado 10 en los distintos sectores dela lengua y en el segundo caso, la recuperación era equivalente a un 80% aproximadamente con un VAS grado 8 en la décima sesión. La TLBP sobresale como un método no invasivo y efi caz, siendo una modalidad terapéutica utilizada para la regeneración del tejido nervioso injuriado. El propósito de este artículo es describir elmanejo y demostrar la efi cacia de la TLBP en dos casos clínicos que presentaron parestesia postquirúrgica, que fueron atendidos en el Servicio de Atención de Pacientes Especiales de la Clínica Estomatológica Central de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia en el año 2015.
Rehabilitación estética-funcional combinando coronas de disilicato de Litio en el sector anterior y coronas metal-cerámica en el sector posterior
Authors: Salazar-López Carola , Quintana-del Solar Martín 
Published: August 2016

El presente trabajo reporta un caso clínico de una rehabilitación oral integral con coronas anteriores y posteriores, de cerámica de disilicato de Litio (Sistema IPS e.max Press) y de coronas metal cerámica ferulizadassobre implantes posteroinferiores. Actualmente, el disilicato de Litio es uno de los mejores materiales cerámicos disponibles; y ofrece la fuerza y estética necesaria para el requerimiento de los pacientes, con una opción conservadora. Por otro lado, las coronas ferulizadas metal-cerámica implantosoportadas resultan ser una alternativa de tratamiento muy aceptada por los pacientes para el reemplazo de uno o más dientes perdidos, donde el propósito inicial de ferulizar es el de mejorar su retención, distribuir las fuerzas y mejorar la estabilidad de la prótesis.
Two-Stage Compression with Elevated Cooler Discharge Temperatures Improves Wellsite Gas-Lift Operations
Authors: Elmer William G. , Elmer David C. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Opportunities to improve the standard three-stage wellhead gas-lift compressor design for application to unconventional shale reservoirs are presented. A two-stage design is presented, with two field installations in the Eagle Ford Shale reviewed as a case study.
The shale revolution began with gas reservoirs, most notably the Barnett, and preceded development of shale oil resources. This resulted in the need for many new compressors, and the rental compressor industry accelerated production of the standard three-stage compressor. No substantive design changes were made, as compressors that could meet either wellhead/gas-lift or gathering applications were preferred due to their versatility.
As the shift was made to horizontal oil, problems appeared with the standard compressor design in handling natural gas liquids components (primarily propane, butanes, pentanes, and hexanes plus). The standard design provides extra aftercooling, in part to support glycol dehydrator operation. As a result, these components often condense in compressor gas coolers, resulting in operational and environmental problems including frozen dump lines, heavy tank vapor emissions, and hydrates. Downtime and emissions related to these problems contributed to some operators viewing gas-lift as the artificial lift method of last resort, despite its superior ability to handle sand production, deviated wellbores, and high fluid volumes.
The capabilities of two-stage versus three-stage compressors for gas-lift are compared in the case study. The lower suction pressures afforded by three-stage compression are negligibly beneficial to horizontal shale oil wells, where slugging is an issue, and higher separator pressures are selected to mitigate slugging and aid liquid displacement from separation equipment. Additionally, the incremental pressure drop achieved by three-stage compression can provide little production improvement when compared to the total pressure drop from the reservoir to the wellbore. The phase diagram is used to show the necessity of temperature control on each stage of gas cooling to prevent process problems for gases including NGL components.
Evaluating the Application of Unconventional Resource Extraction Technology to a Conventional Play
Authors: Olaoye Olubiyi , Durkoop Charles , Johnson Reed , Anderson Daniel , Cherian Bilu V , Kublik Kristina , Narasimhan Santhosh , Atkinson Mariah , Shaikh Hamza , Gray James , Rifai Rafif 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The North American unconventional resources energy growth driven by the combination of horizontal drilling, completion tools and hydraulic fracturing innovations has revitalized some conventional plays across the globe that were considered marginal prior to the unconventional boom. This paper presents the workflows utilized to implement unconventional technologies that have resulted in incremental hydrocarbon resources being unlocked.
A multi-domain approach is utilized to understand the results from the application of horizontal drilling, completion tools and hydraulic fracturing innovations to the Turner play. High tier log and core data is used initially to create petrophysical and geomechanical models. Numerous petrophysical and geomechanical models are generated based on the uncertainty in model building. Appropriate models are selected based on fracture pressure matching and production history matching techniques. These models are then used to drive the design and optimization process of future offset wells.
Characterization of the reservoir (permeability range, pressure and fluid saturations) has led to the understanding that completion techniques used in unconventional plays (slickwater fluid system with tight cluster spacing) cannot be blindly applied. An understanding of fracture geometry and reservoir quality enables changes to be implemented on lateral landing, stage count and job size resulting in incremental production.
The importance of reservoir characterization and forward modeling of the application of horizontal technologies is crucial to ensuring efficient allocation of resources to maximize production. This paper showcases the application and evolution of unconventional technologies and workflows to conventional plays to gain incremental production results.
Modalidades de intervención de los psicólogos clínicos en Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Gomez Vargas Maricelly , Pelaez Jaramillo Gloria Patricia 
Published: August 2016

El presente Estado del Arte tuvo como objetivo delimitar las especificidades de las modalidades de intervención de los psicólogos clínicos usando dos técnicas: la matriz analítica de contenido y una encuesta previamente diseñada según el sistema categorial definido para el proyecto. En total se revisaron 151 documentos bibliográficos de origen nacional e internacional y respondieron a la encuesta virtual 71 psicólogos residentes en Medellín que inscriben su práctica en el campo clínico. Los resultados en ambas fuentes de datos indican unapredominancia de la psicoterapia como modalidad de intervención, aunque la asesoría, la consultoría y la intervención en crisis también se destacan como otras opciones de los psicólogos clínicos para responder a las demandas de atención de las personas, diferenciándose cada una de acuerdo a sus objetivos y la correspondencia de estos con las técnicas y estrategias enunciadas por autores y encuestados. Finalmente se propone una clasificación de las modalidades y su relación con los niveles de intervención conocidos como promoción de la salud, prevención de la enfermedad y tratamiento.
Potential biomarkers in personality disorders: current state and future research
Authors: Valencia Piedrahita Manuela , Cuartas Arias Jorge Mauricio 
Published: August 2016

This review article presents the most appropriate strategies for examining the phenotype for personality disorders. At present there are many neurobiological and molecular studies that suggest a genetic predisposition to different traits representative of expressed personality disorders. Nonetheless, it has not been possible to accurately and successfully replicate such results due to some difficulties regarding the sensitivity, specificity and validity of the clinical evaluation methods, and the size and type of the chosen population and experimental designs used for research. Unfortunately, diagnoses done in psychiatry and psychology have a classification system based on the prevalence and intensity of symptoms and do not take into account the etiology, neurobiology, epidemiology, genetics, and drug responses. On the other hand, explaining the phenomenology of personality disorderes and how genes work together to express this phenotype implies a revision of the chaos theory, addressing the connection between neurodevelopment, significantly stressful events during early childhood and epigenetic modifications in DNA related to stochastic events which may contribute to the development of normal or abnormal behavior
Assessment of grammatical comprehension in normal and pathological aging: a summary of the results obtained with ECCO and ECCO_Senior tests
Authors: López-Higes R. , Martín-Aragoneses Ma. T. Del Rio , Mejuto G. 
Published: August 2016

The ECCO Test (Cognitive Assessment of Sentence Comprehension in english) has shown its usefulness as an assessment tool of grammatical comprehension in older people along several studies published from its creation. The ECCO_Senior, a shorter and updated version derived from the original one and adapted to the elderly population, has good psychometric properties, and offers some promising results in the study of the language profiles of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) when consider variables such as working memory capacity and educational level. The paper summarizes the results obtained with both tests, and also we present some future directions related to this line of research