bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of School Infrastructure and Its Influence on Students' Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Makueni County, Kenya
Authors: Mwikali Dr. Agnetta 
Published: October 2024

School infrastructure forms a major part of housing learners in learning institutions. Utilization of school infrastructure in sheltering students against harsh weather conditions facilitates better attainment of school goals. Academic performance of learners in public county secondary schools in Makueni County was low a reason to carry out this study. The purpose of this study was to determine utilization of school infrastructure and its influence on academic performance in secondary schools in Makueni County. The objective of this study was to establish the level of utilization of school infrastructure and its influence on student’s academic performance in public county secondary schools in Makueni County. The study adopted a mixed methods research design, specifically a convergent parallel research design and was supported by Education Production Function Theory. Research instruments were questionnaires and interview schedules. Validity was achieved through expert judgment and reliability by test-retest technique. The target population was 60 county secondary schools, 60 principals and 1004 teachers. Simple random and stratified sampling techniques were used to select the schools while systematic and purposive sampling was used to sample teachers and principals. The selected sample was 30 county schools, 30 principals, and 286 teachers. Total number of respondents was 316. Descriptive and inferential statistics (means, percentages, and multiple regression) and thematic analysis worked out the level of utilization of school infrastructure on students’ academic performance. Multiple regression showed that Utilisation of school infrastructure showed moderate means of 3.86, which revealed moderate influence existed between its utilisation and students’ academic performance. Qualitative data revealed different themes meant that effective utilization of school infrastructure positively influenced students’ academic performance in county secondary schools in Makueni County. Major conclusion was that there was needed to ensure effective utilisation of school infrastructure in order to improve academic performance. This study would provide important information useful to education policy makers in formulating additional policies leading to effective utilisation of school infrastructure in secondary schools.
PENGARUH AROMATERAPI LEMON OIL TERHADAP PERUBAHAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI POSYANDU LANSIA DESA SUWARU KECAMATAN PAGELARAN
Authors: Sari Wyssie Ika 
Published: October 2024

Hipertensi disebabkan karena meningkatnya tekanan darah secara intermiten baik tekanan sistolik maupun diastolik. Penyakit ini menjadi masalah besar bagi usia lanjut seiring bertambahnya usia. Penyakit jantung, gagal ginjal, stroke bahkan kematian berhubungan dengan penyakit ini. Penggunaan aromaterapi lemon oil merupakan upaya yang dapat dipakai dalam mengatasi hipertensi. Lemon oil mengandung flavonoid dan limonene yang mampu mengatasi tekanan darah tinggi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh aromaterapi lemon oil terhadap perubahan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi di Posyandu Lansia Desa Suwaru Kecamatan Pagelaran. Desain yang digunakan quasi experiment dengan rancangan pre and post test with control group. Teknik sampling yang dipakai purposive sampling, dengan jumlah responden 84 lansia. Uji statistik menggunakan uji wilcoxon dan uji mann-whitney u. Uji wilcoxon memperlihatkan hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan aromaterapi lemon oil dengan nilai significancy = 0,000 (p < 0,05) , selain itu uji mann-whitney u juga menunjukan adanya pengaruh aromaterapi lemon oil terhadap perubahan tekanan darah dengan nilai significancy = 0,006 (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah terdapat pengaruh aromaterapi lemon oil terhadap perubahan tekanan darah lansia.
HUBUNGAN INISIASI MENYUSUI DINI DENGAN KEBERHASILAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA BAYI USIA 6-12 BULAN DI PMB HJ. ENI MARPUAH, AMD. KEB. KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Pratiwi Melati Ayu 
Published: October 2024

Prevalensi ASI eksklusif masih berada dibawah target capaian RPJMN tahun 2021 (45%). Rendahnya pemberian ASI Eksklusif merupakan ancaman bagi tumbuh kembang anak. Rendahnya cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif umumnya dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya yakni kurangnya keberhasilan langkah menyusui, salah satunya yaitu pada bayi yang tidak mendapatkan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dengan keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi usia 6 – 12 bln di PMB Hj. Eni Marfuah, Amd Keb. Jenis penelitian ini adalah diskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 6-12 bulan yang memeriksakan bayinya ke PMB Hj. Eni Marfuah, Amd Keb. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik accidental sampling, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 53 orang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner yang sudah di uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Teknik analisis untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan chi-square dengan taraf signifikasi 95% dan α = 0,05. Hasil uji statistik menggunakan uji chi_square diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0,138 artinya tidak terdapat hubungan inisiasi menyusu dini dengan keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi usia 6-12 bulan. Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan tetap melaksanaan IMD sesuai standar dan melakukan edukasi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang pentingnya manfaat pemberian ASI eksklusif untuk bayi.
Phosphate Sorption Characteristics in Some Soils of Ganges Tidal Floodplains
Authors: Sarker Tithi , Nayeema Jannatun , Sarker Joy , Ferdous Mst. Jannatul , Fatema Mst. Bushra , Amin Md. Sadiqul 
Published: October 2024

A laboratory experiment was carried out with four representative soil series named Bajoa, Dumuria, Jhalakati, and Ghior which are collected from the Ganges tidal floodplain in Bangladesh where the main cropping pattern is rice-vegetables to determine the phosphorus adsorption. The selected physical and chemical properties of the soils were estimated in triplicate using standard methods. The highest phosphate sorption was found in Jhalakati soil using the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, in Bajoa soil using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and in Dumuria soil using the Temkin adsorption isotherm. The experiment revealed that the Langmuir equation provided the best fit for phosphorus adsorption data across the soils compared to the Freundlich and Temkin models. The good fit of the Langmuir model suggests that the phosphorus sorption affinity of the soils remained constant as surface saturation increased.
Effect of Drip Irrigation Intervals and Fertigation Frequency on Yield and Yield Components of Cucumber under Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: Khalifa Ahmed B. A. , Hamid Ebtihal, H. M. , Ahmed Shaker Babiker , Saeed Amir B 
Published: October 2024

The experiment was conducted in a cooled plastic tunnel greenhouse during March-August of 2022 and 2023 to study the effect of drip irrigation intervals and fertigation frequency on yield and yield components of cucumber under greenhouse conditions at Kassala State, Sudan. Seedlings of the most popular cucumber hybrid (Fatin) were planted on 40cm and 50 cm inter and intra-row spacing, respectively. The experiment was composed of two factors; irrigation intervals (every day, every 2 days and every 3 days) and fertigation frequencies applied at (one dose per week, two doses per week and 3 doses per week). The results showed that drip irrigation every day had recorded highest yield and yield components in both seasons. Maximum yields of cucumber were recorded with fertigation at three dose/week compared to fertigation at one dose/week in both seasons. Moreover, the highest values of yield, yield components, water productivity, economic water productivity and partial factor productivity of nitrogen were obtained under drip irrigation every day with fertigation at 3 dose/week on both seasons.
In vitro Efficacy of Different Fungicides against Leaf Blight of Sunflower
Authors: Patil M. S. , Shende C. V. , Patil P. B. , Bachhav A. R. , Kumbhar A. S. 
Published: October 2024

Sunflower is one of the major oilseed crops cultivated in India. Alternaria leaf blight is one of the fungal diseases of Sunflower caused due the pathogen Alternaria helianthi, which is one of the significant limitations in the cost-effective cultivation of Sunflower in India. It is estimated that 20 to 80% losses in yield and heavy defoliation have been observed due to A. helianthi causal agent of leaf blight of Sunflower. Present investigation on evaluation on efficacy of different fungicides against leaf blight of Sunflower under in vitro condition by using Completely Randomized Design was conducted at Department of Plant Pathology, Dr. Sharadchandra Pawar College of Agriculture, Baramati during. Under this study seven fungicides viz., Chlorothalonil 75% WP, Hexaconazole 5% EC, Carbendazim+Mancozeb 75% WP, Carbendazim 50% WP, Tebuconazole 25.9% EC, Propiconazole 25% EC and Azoxystrobin 23% SC were evaluated against the pathogen Alternaria helianthi causing leaf blight in Sunflower at their recommended concentration and observation on mean radial mycelial growth and percent mycelial growth inhibition of pathogen was calculated. Results revealed that among various fungicides the three fungicides viz., Hexaconazole 5% EC, Tebuconazole 25.9% EC and Propiconazole 25% EC were found most effective with minimum mean mycelial growth and having maximum and similar (94.44%) percent growth inhibition of pathogen and rest of the fungicides tested were comparatively less effective against the pathogen A. helainthi associated with leaf blight of Sunflower.
Characterization of the Physicochemical and Energetic Properties of Alchornea cordifolia Leaves and Fruits Harvested in three Regions of Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Degrâce Zioh Nonhondé Horline , Benjamin Kouame Kan , Carole Zouzou Soune , Rosly Bolou Sahi , Isaac Foba foba Stephane 
Published: October 2024

Aims: This study aims to enhance the nutritional value of the leaves and fruits of Alchornea cordifolia by characterizing the physicochemical compounds through their dosage.
Study Design: To solve health problems, humans use different methods, including the use of spontaneous wild plants such as Alchornea cordifolia.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Agro-valorization laboratory of the Jean Lorougnon Guédé University of Daloa between November 2023 and July 2024.
Methodology: The plant material consisted of leaves and fruits of Alchornea cordifolia harvested from three regions. The characterization of the pH and lipid ash, pH, dry matter, carbohydrates, energy values contents was carried out by official analysis methods (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), proteins by the Kjeldahl method, lipids by the Soxhlet method, fibers by the Weende method, and total and reducing sugars were determined using the UV-VIS spectrophotometry method by spectrophotometric use.
Results: the samples analysed contain the highest average content of proteins 15.11% for young leaves, 3.7% lipids, 3.9% pH, 58.69% carbohydrates and 261.63 kcal energy value. In terms of dried leaves, 6.02% ash, 91.80% dry matter and 37.83% fibre. Mature leaves record 6.66% total sugars and 3.2% reducing sugars.
Conclusion: In conclusion, these leaves, whether young, dried, or mature, offer a variety of essential nutrients that can meet different nutritional needs, ranging from protein and energy intake to digestion and mineral intake.
The Response of Ice Sheets to Climate Variability
Authors: Snow K. , Goldberg D. N. , Holland P. R. , Jordan J. R. , Arthern R. J. , Jenkins A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWest Antarctic Ice Sheet loss is a significant contributor to sea level rise. While the ice loss is thought to be triggered by fluctuations in oceanic heat at the ice shelf bases, ice sheet response to ocean variability remains poorly understood. Using a synchronously coupled ice‐ocean model permitting grounding line migration, this study evaluates the response of an ice sheet to periodic variations in ocean forcing. Resulting oscillations in grounded ice volume amplitude is shown to grow as a nonlinear function of ocean forcing period. This implies that slower oscillations in climatic forcing are disproportionately important to ice sheets. The ice shelf residence time offers a critical time scale, above which the ice response amplitude is a linear function of ocean forcing period and below which it is quadratic. These results highlight the sensitivity of West Antarctic ice streams to perturbations in heat fluxes occurring at decadal time scales.
Phytoplankton Pigment Communities Can be Modeled Using Unique Relationships With Spectral Absorption Signatures in a Dynamic Coastal Environment
Authors: Catlett D. , Siegel D. A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the roles of phytoplankton community composition in the functioning of marine ecosystems and ocean biogeochemical cycles is important for many ocean science problems of societal relevance. Remote sensing currently offers the only feasible method for continuously assessing phytoplankton community structure on regional to global scales. However, methods are presently hindered by the limited spectral resolution of most satellite sensors and by uncertainties associated with deriving quantitative indices of phytoplankton community structure from phytoplankton pigment concentrations. Here we analyze a data set of concurrent phytoplankton pigment concentrations and phytoplankton absorption coefficient spectra from the Santa Barbara Channel, California, to develop novel optical oceanographic models for retrieving metrics of phytoplankton community composition. Cluster and Empirical Orthogonal Function analyses of phytoplankton pigment concentrations are used to define up to five phytoplankton pigment communities as a representation of phytoplankton functional types. Unique statistical relationships are found between phytoplankton pigment communities and absorption features isolated using spectral derivative analysis and are the basis of predictive models. Model performance is substantially better for phytoplankton pigment community indices compared with determinations of the contributions of individual pigments or taxa to chlorophylla. These results highlight the application of data‐driven chemotaxonomic approaches for developing and validating bio‐optical algorithms and illustrate the potential and limitations for retrieving phytoplankton community composition from hyperspectral satellite ocean color observations.
Histological Alterations in Pacific Oysters Crassostrea gigas that Survived a Summer Mortality Event in Baja California, Mexico
Authors: Cáceres-Martínez Jorge , Vásquez-Yeomans Rebeca , Danigo Philippe , Reyes-Roel Carlos 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
A mortality episode (&gt;90%) of triploid and diploid Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas cultured in Baja California Sur occurred during summer 2012, coinciding with a thermal anomaly, an algal bloom, and low oxygen values. To help explain the cause of the mortalities, histological analyses and molecular tests for specific pathogens (ostreid herpesvirus 1 [OsHV-1] and Perkinsus marinus) were performed on oysters surviving at the end of the episode. Triploid oysters showed a high percentage of males (43%) and hermaphrodites (30%); 93% of these oysters were in the gonadic reabsorption stage, and in some cases, hemocytes completely filled the lumen of the gonadic follicles. Oysters presented large areas with severe hemocyte infiltration that extended toward the digestive gland. Diploid oysters showed similar gonad alterations. None of samples showed histological or molecular evidence of OsHV-1 or P. marinus. Histological alterations can be related to physiological disorders caused by the mechanism driving summer mortality. This is the first case history of a summer mortality episode among Pacific oysters in Mexico.
Comparison of the Convolution algorithm with TMR10 for Leksell Gamma knife and dosimetric verification with radiochromic gel dosimeter
Authors: Osmancikova Petra , Novotny Josef , Solc Jaroslav , Pipek Jan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe Convolution algorithm, implemented in Leksell GammaPlan® ver. Here, 10, is the first algorithm for Leksell Gamma Knife that takes heterogeneities into account and models dose build‐up effects close to tissue boundaries. The aim of this study was preliminary comparison of the Convolution and TMR10 algorithms for real clinical cases and dosimetric verification of the algorithms, using measurements in a phantom. A total of 25 patients involved in comparison of the Convolution and TMR10 algorithms were divided into three groups: patients with benign tumors close to heterogeneities, patients with functional disorders, and patients with tumors located far from heterogeneities. Differences were observed especially in the group of patients with tumors close to heterogeneities, where the difference in maximal dose to critical structures for the Convolution algorithm was up to 15% compared to the TMR10 algorithm. Dosimetric verification of the algorithm was performed, using a radiochromic gel dosimeter based on Turnbull blue dye in a special heterogeneous phantom. Relative dose distributions measured with the radiochromic gel dosimeter agreed very well with both the TMR10 and Convolution calculations. We observed small discrepancies in the direction in which the largest inhomogeneity was positioned. Verification results indicated that the Convolution algorithm provides a different dose distribution, especially in regions close to heterogeneities and particularly for lower isodose volumes. However, the results obtained with gamma analyses in the gel dosimetry experiment did not verify the assumption that the Convolution algorithm provides more accurate dose calculation.
A Lithography‐Free and Field‐Programmable Photonic Metacanvas
Authors: Dong Kaichen , Hong Sukjoon , Deng Yang , Ma He , Li Jiachen , Wang Xi , Yeo Junyeob , Wang Letian , Lou Shuai , Tom Kyle B. , Liu Kai , You Zheng , Wei Yang , Grigoropoulos Costas P. , Yao Jie , Wu Junqiao 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe unique correspondence between mathematical operators and photonic elements in wave optics enables quantitative analysis of light manipulation with individual optical devices. Phase‐transition materials are able to provide real‐time reconfigurability of these devices, which would create new optical functionalities via (re)compilation of photonic operators, as those achieved in other fields such as field‐programmable gate arrays (FPGA). Here, by exploiting the hysteretic phase transition of vanadium dioxide, an all‐solid, rewritable metacanvas on which nearly arbitrary photonic devices can be rapidly and repeatedly written and erased is presented. The writing is performed with a low‐power laser and the entire process stays below 90 °C. Using the metacanvas, dynamic manipulation of optical waves is demonstrated for light propagation, polarization, and reconstruction. The metacanvas supports physical (re)compilation of photonic operators akin to that of FPGA, opening up possibilities where photonic elements can be field programmed to deliver complex, system‐level functionalities.
Critical Role of Interface and Crystallinity on the Performance and Photostability of Perovskite Solar Cell on Nickel Oxide
Authors: Nie Wanyi , Tsai Hsinhan , Blancon Jean‐Christophe , Liu Fangze , Stoumpos Costas C. , Traore Boubacar , Kepenekian Mikael , Durand Olivier , Katan Claudine , Tretiak Sergei , Crochet Jared , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Kanatzidis MercouriG. , Even Jacky , Mohite Aditya D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHybrid perovskites are on a trajectory toward realizing the most efficient single‐junction, solution‐processed photovoltaic devices. However, a critical issue is the limited understanding of the correlation between the degree of crystallinity and the emergent perovskite/hole (or electron) transport layer on device performance and photostability. Here, the controlled growth of hybrid perovskites on nickel oxide (NiO) is shown, resulting in the formation of thin films with enhanced crystallinity with characteristic peak width and splitting reminiscent of the tetragonal phase in single crystals. Photophysical and interface sensitive measurements reveal a reduced trap density at the perovskite/NiO interface in comparison with perovskites grown on poly(3,4‐ethylene dioxy thiophene) polystyrene sulfonate. Photovoltaic cells exhibit a high open circuit voltage (1.12 V), indicating a near‐ideal energy band alignment. Moreover, photostability of photovoltaic devices up to 10‐Suns is observed, which is a direct result of the superior crystallinity of perovskite thin films on NiO. These results elucidate the critical role of the quality of the perovskite/hole transport layer interface in rendering high‐performance and photostable optoelectronic devices.
Photo‐Crosslinkable Unnatural Amino Acids Enable Facile Synthesis of Thermoresponsive Nano‐ to Microgels of Intrinsically Disordered Polypeptides
Authors: Costa Simone A. , Simon Joseph R. , Amiram Miriam , Tang Lei , Zauscher Stefan , Brustad Eric M. , Isaacs Farren J. , Chilkoti Ashutosh 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHydrogel particles are versatile materials that provide exquisite, tunable control over the sequestration and delivery of materials in pharmaceutics, tissue engineering, and photonics. The favorable properties of hydrogel particles depend largely on their size, and particles ranging from nanometers to micrometers are used in different applications. Previous studies have only successfully fabricated these particles in one specific size regime and required a variety of materials and fabrication methods. A simple yet powerful system is developed to easily tune the size of polypeptide‐based, thermoresponsive hydrogel particles, from the nano‐ to microscale, using a single starting material. Particle size is controlled by the self‐assembly and unique phase transition behavior of elastin‐like polypeptides in bulk and within microfluidic‐generated droplets. These particles are then stabilized through ultraviolet irradiation of a photo‐crosslinkable unnatural amino acid (UAA) cotranslationally incorporated into the parent polypeptide. The thermoresponsive property of these particles provides an active mechanism for actuation and a dynamic responsive to the environment. This work represents a fundamental advance in the generation of crosslinked biomaterials, especially in the form of soft matter colloids, and is one of the first demonstrations of successful use of UAAs in generating a novel material.
Normal and Frictional Force Hysteresis between Self‐Assembled Fluorosurfactant Micelle Arrays at the Nanoscale
Authors: Li Jinjin , Luo Jianbin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNanoscale friction is usually related to the adhesion hysteresis between monolayer‐coated surfaces. In the letter, we report the hysteresis in the normal and frictional forces between self‐assemble fluorosurfactant micelle arrays at the nanoscale. It originates from a unique phenomenon wherein the two compressed surfaces immersed in the surfactant solution are pushed away spontaneously under a contact pressure of 43 MPa. The push‐out process is related to the self‐healing of micelles through the reorganization of the surfactant molecules trapped in the contact zone. The mechanism underlying the push‐out phenomenon can be attributed to the transformation of Gibbs free energy for micellar reorganization into mechanical energy to separate the two compressed surfaces. Our finding provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying nanoscale boundary lubrication as well as possible approaches to produce and store mechanical energy at the nanoscale.