bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Output characteristics of an actively Q-switched Tm:GdScO3 slab laser at 2 μm band
Authors: Liu Jing , Li Shanming , Fan Yuqing , Qian Chuanpeng , Yang Ke , Yu Ting , Zhao Chengchun , Shi Xiangchun , Hang Yin , Ye Xisheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
An acousto-optic Q-switched Tm:GdScO3 slab laser at different pulse repetition frequencies was successfully demonstrated for the first time. The size of a slab crystal doped with a 2 at% Tm3+ is 2 mm × 4 mm × 20 mm. With the pump power of 33 W, a maximum average output power of 3.03 W was obtained with center wavelength of 1980 nm at pulse repetition frequency of 20 kHz. The optical-to-optical conversion efficiency and slope efficiency were 9.18% and 16.66%, respectively. The maximum pulse energy was 0.60 mJ with pulse width of 160 ns at 1 kHz, corresponding to the peak power of 3.75 kW. In addition, at the pump power of 33 W, the beam quality factors M
2 for horizontal and vertical directions were 1.33 and 1.08, respectively.
Flexible load dispatching strategy for substation considering time-of-use price
Authors: Han Shu , Shi Shengdong , Li Lihong , Guo Chuan , Hu Jie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The substation is an important node in the power system. Reducing the operating costs and carbon emissions of substations is of great significance for power enterprises to reduce costs and carbon emissions. Meanwhile, with the development of new substations, more substations have added rooftop photovoltaic systems to reduce carbon emissions. How to improve the utilization rate of rooftop photovoltaic power generation has also become a key focus of substation development. This article establishes a flexible load optimization scheduling model for substations, and based on the consideration of system costs, sets up two scenarios for comparison. The research results indicate that the flexible load optimization scheduling model for substations can significantly reduce the operational carbon emissions and costs caused by electricity consumption within the substation.
Development of transmission line monitoring terminal based on optical fiber energy transmission technology
Authors: Xin Xiaohu , He Jin , Xiao Jianchao , Wang Jianhui , Li Zhanjun , Zhao Qi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The monitoring equipment on the transmission tower mostly uses solar energy and wind energy for power supply, which is unstable with low reliability. Based on optical fiber energy transmission technology, photoelectric energy conversion technology, and induced current energy extraction technology, a transmission line monitoring terminal that can take energy from the transmission line is developed in this paper. The energy transmission optical fiber and the composite insulator had to be put together and become a new composite insulator, which can transfer light energy from the high-voltage side to the tower through. It can supply power to the micrometeorology, tower tilt monitoring device, video monitoring, and other monitoring modules installed on the tower, and transfer the above monitoring information to the Internet cloud relying on the Internet of things technology. A new power supply scheme for transmission line online monitoring device is provided, which provides a new idea for the construction of a “smart transmission line”.
Multifunctional gallium doped bioactive glasses: a targeted delivery for antineoplastic agents and tissue repair against osteosarcoma
Authors: Hanaei Shirin B , Murugesan Raghavan C , Souza Lucas P , Cadiz-Miranda Juan I , Jeys Lee , Wall Ivan B , Martin Richard A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the mostly commonly occurring primary bone cancer. Despite comprehensive treatment programs including neoadjuvant chemotherapy and tumour resection, survival rates have not improved significantly since the 1970s. Survival rates are dramatically reduced for patients who suffer a local recurrence. Furthermore, primary bone cancer patients are at increased risk of bone fractures. Consequently, there is an urgent need for alternative treatment options. In this paper we report the development of novel gallium doped bioactive glass that selectively kill bone cancer cells whilst simultaneously stimulating new bone growth. Here we show, using a combination of 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, LIVE/DEAD assays and image analysis, that bioactive glasses containing gallium oxide are highly toxic and reduce both the proliferation and migration of bone cancer cells (Saos-2) in a dose dependant manner. Glasses containing 5 mol% gallium oxide reduced the viability of OS cells by 99% without being cytotoxic to the non-cancerous normal human osteoblasts (NHOst) control cells. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy results confirmed the formation of an amorphous calcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite like layer on the surface of the bioactive glass particulates, after 7 d incubating in simulated body fluid, indicating the early stages of bone formation. These materials show significant potential for use in bone cancer applications as part of a multimodal treatment.
Research on carbon emission reduction based on responsibility of four participants with consideration of circular economy factors in China
Authors: Huang Ruosi , Yu Junhong , Wang Shuai 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The complex relationship between carbon emissions and economic development has become a global issue. In China, the pressure to reduce carbon emissions is very great because the responsibility of four participants for economic activities has not been able to break away from the linear economic model of ‘produce-consume-discard’. In this paper, four categories of participants, namely extractors/producers, manufacturers, consumers and recyclers, are classified according to the life cycle framework, and the impact of their activities on carbon emission reduction is analysed taking into account circular economy factors. The results of the study show that during the rapid development of China’s economy from 2005 to 2021, there is a significant correlation between carbon emission reduction and the activity behaviour of the four participants with consideration of circular economy factors. In particular, the activity behaviours of the extractors/producers, manufacturers and consumers have a very strong correlation with the carbon emission reduction. Our findings indicate that China should continue to exert efforts in the existing circular economy model to achieve the double carbon goals.
Identification of required power for air transport system of the cotton-picking machine MX-2.4
Authors: Rizaev A A , Normatov M K , Mirzayev O T 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article addresses the issues in the air transport system of semi-suspended MX-1.8 and MX-2.4 cotton pickers with a vertical spindle. Given that semi-suspended machines currently pick cotton crops with 60 cm row spacing, the goal is to eliminate the shortcomings of these machines and optimize the technological parameters of this machine. The power required for fan operation is calculated, taking into account the additional aerodynamic resistance caused by the complexity of the air transport system design. The results of the calculations are presented in the form of a histogram.
The use of biofilters in the treatment of wastewater containing organic substances
Authors: Pryanichnikova V V , Asfandyarova L R , Ovsyannikova I V , Karabasova N A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The lack of sufficiently effective treatment of wastewater generated in industry and domestic life remains one of the most acute environmental problems. Domestic wastewater is characterized by a high content of organic impurities in its composition, which determines the specifics of the choice of treatment technologies. One of the most relevant and effective methods is biological purification carried out in biological filters. This article discusses the problems associated with wastewater treatment of a sanatorium compound. The analysis of the content of various components in the water supplied to the treatment was carried out, the efficiency of the treatment equipment was determined. The paper proposes and substantiates the expediency of using a modern type of synthetic ruff biofilter media to increase the cleaning efficiency of the wastewater and their compliance with regulatory requirements for discharge into a water body.
Environmental aspects of digitalization of phytosanitary examination of agricultural crops
Authors: Brit A A , Kalitina V V , Kovalev I V , Saporova Z E , Yablokova A A , Lipshin A G , Vasilenko A V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The article provided discusses the environmental aspects of digitalizing phytosanitary examination in plant cultivation. The authors highlight the negative environmental consequences resulting from the irrational use of natural resources and the increasing impact of powerful anthropogenic factors, such as the depletion of entomofauna composition, disruption of self-regulation mechanisms, and increased mass reproduction of phytophagous insects. Digitalization based on mathematical modeling is identified as a highly effective tool for phytosanitary monitoring. It involves a software module that allows dynamic changes in the number of research objects and the input of initial data about the studied objects and their parameters. The proposed method of comprehensive assessment enables a balanced consideration of parameters and criteria, encompassing both quantitative and qualitative evaluations. It facilitates the simultaneous maximization and minimization of various parameters, contributing to the mobilization of natural biota resources and the enhancement of biological diversity in agrolandscapes while considering the complexity of relationships within these landscapes. This approach is crucial for addressing the need to balance conflicting requirements or goals in the digitalization of phytosanitary expertise in agricultural crops.
Endothelial extracellular vesicles enhance vascular self-assembly in engineered human cardiac tissues
Authors: Wagner Karl T , Lu Rick X Z , Landau Shira , Shawky Sarah A , Zhao Yimu , Bodenstein David F , Jiménez Vargas Luis Felipe , Jiang Richard , Okhovatian Sargol , Wang Ying , Liu Chuan , Vosoughi Daniel , Gustafson Dakota , Fish Jason E , Cummins Carolyn L , Radisic Milica 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The fabrication of complex and stable vasculature in engineered cardiac tissues represents a significant hurdle towards building physiologically relevant models of the heart. Here, we implemented a 3D model of cardiac vasculogenesis, incorporating endothelial cells (EC), stromal cells, and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CM) in a fibrin hydrogel. The presence of CMs disrupted vessel formation in 3D tissues, resulting in the upregulation of endothelial activation markers and altered extracellular vesicle (EV) signaling in engineered tissues as determined by the proteomic analysis of culture supernatant. miRNA sequencing of CM- and EC-secreted EVs highlighted key EV-miRNAs that were postulated to play differing roles in cardiac vasculogenesis, including the let-7 family and miR-126-3p in EC-EVs. In the absence of CMs, the supplementation of CM-EVs to EC monolayers attenuated EC migration and proliferation and resulted in shorter and more discontinuous self-assembling vessels when applied to 3D vascular tissues. In contrast, supplementation of EC-EVs to the tissue culture media of 3D vascularized cardiac tissues mitigated some of the deleterious effects of CMs on vascular self-assembly, enhancing the average length and continuity of vessel tubes that formed in the presence of CMs. Direct transfection validated the effects of the key EC-EV miRNAs let-7b-5p and miR-126-3p in improving the maintenance of continuous vascular networks. EC-EV supplementation to biofabricated cardiac tissues and microfluidic devices resulted in tissue vascularization, illustrating the use of this approach in the engineering of enhanced, perfusable, microfluidic models of the myocardium.
Ni doped carbon-based composites derived from waste cigarette polypropylene filter rod with electromagnetic wave absorption performance
Authors: Yang Guangyuan , Che Jing , Zhao Xiaokang , Li Xinxin , Peng Sanwen , Yang Heng , Zhang Bin , Sun Jiuxiao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Polypropylene is widely used in the plastics industry, especially in the tobacco industry, served as cigarette filters to reduce tar and harm. However, it’s difficult to degrade these polypropylene plastics and suitable methods for recycling and reuse is urgent. This research proposes an efficient method for the reuse of polypropylene cigarette filters by mixing waste polypropylene filters with nickel source in different proportions, followed by a facile calcination treatment to prepare nickel-modified carbon-based composite materials with microwave absorption properties. Morphology and magnetic properties of as-prepared samples were analyzed via XRD, SEM, and VSM, exhibiting an increase in carbon content with raising nickel content. Nickel ion anchored on polypropylene fiber may facilitate better fixation of carbon chains during the polypropylene decomposition process. Among the as-prepared samples, CN2 exhibited superior microwave absorption performance, with an optimal absorption peak of −26.76 dB at 7.97 GHz when matched with a given thickness of 4.3 mm, and an effective absorption bandwidth of 3.64 GHz (8.04 GHz to 11.68 GHz) with a matching thickness of 3.5 mm, covering the X band. Therefore, the as-prepared microwave absorbers provides a feasible solution for the recycling and reuse of polypropylene filters, aligning with the tobacco industry requirements for sustainable development.
Identification of molecular subtypes of dementia by using blood-proteins interaction-aware graph propagational network
Authors: Park Sunghong , Hong Chang Hyung , Son Sang Joon , Roh Hyun Woong , Kim Doyoon , Shin Hyunjung , Woo Hyun Goo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Plasma protein biomarkers have been considered promising tools for diagnosing dementia subtypes due to their low variability, cost-effectiveness, and minimal invasiveness in diagnostic procedures. Machine learning (ML) methods have been applied to enhance accuracy of the biomarker discovery. However, previous ML-based studies often overlook interactions between proteins, which are crucial in complex disorders like dementia. While protein–protein interactions (PPIs) have been used in network models, these models often fail to fully capture the diverse properties of PPIs due to their local awareness. This drawback increases the chance of neglecting critical components and magnifying the impact of noisy interactions. In this study, we propose a novel graph-based ML model for dementia subtype diagnosis, the graph propagational network (GPN). By propagating the independent effect of plasma proteins on PPI network, the GPN extracts the globally interactive effects between proteins. Experimental results showed that the interactive effect between proteins yielded to further clarify the differences between dementia subtype groups and contributed to the performance improvement where the GPN outperformed existing methods by 10.4% on average.
Robust detection of infectious disease, autoimmunity, and cancer from the paratope networks of adaptive immune receptors
Authors: Xu Zichang , Ismanto Hendra S , Saputri Dianita S , Haruna Soichiro , Sun Guanqun , Wilamowski Jan , Teraguchi Shunsuke , Sengupta Ayan , Li Songling , Standley Daron M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Liquid biopsies based on peripheral blood offer a minimally invasive alternative to solid tissue biopsies for the detection of diseases, primarily cancers. However, such tests currently consider only the serum component of blood, overlooking a potentially rich source of biomarkers: adaptive immune receptors (AIRs) expressed on circulating B and T cells. Machine learning–based classifiers trained on AIRs have been reported to accurately identify not only cancers but also autoimmune and infectious diseases as well. However, when using the conventional “clonotype cluster” representation of AIRs, individuals within a disease or healthy cohort exhibit vastly different features, limiting the generalizability of these classifiers. This study aimed to address the challenge of classifying specific diseases from circulating B or T cells by developing a novel representation of AIRs based on similarity networks constructed from their antigen-binding regions (paratopes). Features based on this novel representation, paratope cluster occupancies (PCOs), significantly improved disease classification performance for infectious disease, autoimmune disease, and cancer. Under identical methodological conditions, classifiers trained on PCOs achieved a mean AUC of 0.893 when applied to new individuals, outperforming clonotype cluster–based classifiers (AUC 0.714) and the best-performing published classifier (AUC 0.777). Surprisingly, for cancer patients, we observed that “healthy-biased” AIRs were predicted to target known cancer-associated antigens at dramatically higher rates than healthy AIRs as a whole (Z scores &gt;75), suggesting an overlooked reservoir of cancer-targeting immune cells that could be identified by PCOs.
Wnt signaling activation confers a syncytiotrophoblast progenitor state on trophoblast stem cells of cynomolgus monkey
Authors: Matsumoto Shoma , Tanaka Satoshi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Trophoblast stem cells, derived from the trophectoderm of the blastocyst, are used as an in vitro model to reveal the mechanisms underlying placentation in mammals. In humans, suitable culture conditions for trophoblast stem cell derivation have recently been established. The established human trophoblast stem cells differentiate efficiently toward two trophoblast subtypes: syncytiotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts. However, the efficiency of differentiation is lower in macaque trophoblast stem cells than in human trophoblast stem cells. Here, we demonstrate that the activation of Wnt signaling downregulated the expression of inhibitory G protein and induced trophoblastic lineage switching to the syncytiotrophoblast progenitor state. The treatment of macaque trophoblast stem cells with a GSK-3 inhibitor, CHIR99021, upregulated syncytiotrophoblast progenitor markers and enhanced proliferation. Under the Wnt signaling–activated conditions, macaque trophoblast stem cells effectively differentiated to syncytiotrophoblasts upon dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) and forskolin treatment. RNA-seq analyses revealed the downregulation of inhibitory G protein, which may make macaque trophoblast stem cells responsive to forskolin. Interestingly, this lineage switching appeared to be reversible as the macaque trophoblast stem cells lost responsiveness to forskolin upon the removal of CHIR99021. The ability to regulate the direction of macaque trophoblast stem cell differentiation would be advantageous in elucidating the mechanisms underlying placentation in non-human primates.
Peer power: how drug user groups navigate harm reduction in Surrey, British Columbia and resist the carceral state
Authors: Ma Michael C K ,   Surrey Union of Drug Users
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The article discusses the Surrey Union of Drug Users (SUDU) in British Columbia, emphasizing harm reduction, safe supply, and destigmatization for drug users. As a peer-led group, SUDU actively resists carceral state policies. The analysis explores challenges faced by peer-led groups, including formation, sustainability, and mobilization efforts. It highlights the need for supportive frameworks to enhance peer-led harm reduction initiatives and argues that such advocacy enables alternative knowledge and institutional innovations that are conducive to building a real world abolitionist future.
Transcriptomic analysis of meiotic genes during the mitosis-to-meiosis transition in Drosophila females
Authors: Vallés Ana Maria , Rubin Thomas , Macaisne Nicolas , Dal Toe Laurine , Molla-Herman Anahi , Antoniewski Christophe , Huynh Jean-René 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Germline cells produce gametes, which are specialized cells essential for sexual reproduction. Germline cells first amplify through several rounds of mitosis before switching to the meiotic program, which requires specific sets of proteins for DNA recombination, chromosome pairing, and segregation. Surprisingly, we previously found that some proteins of the synaptonemal complex, a prophase I meiotic structure, are already expressed and required in the mitotic region of Drosophila females. Here, to assess if additional meiotic genes were expressed earlier than expected, we isolated mitotic and meiotic cell populations to compare their RNA content. Our transcriptomic analysis reveals that all known meiosis I genes are already expressed in the mitotic region; however, only some of them are translated. As a case study, we focused on mei-W68, the Drosophila homolog of Spo11, to assess its expression at both the mRNA and protein levels and used different mutant alleles to assay for a premeiotic function. We could not detect any functional role for Mei-W68 during homologous chromosome pairing in dividing germ cells. Our study paves the way for further functional analysis of meiotic genes expressed in the mitotic region.
A Novel Next-Generation Sequencing Assay for the Identification of BCR::ABL1 Transcript Type and Accurate and Sensitive Detection of TKI-Resistant Mutations
Authors: Yan Zhenyu , Shi Lin , Li Wei , Liu Weihua , Galderisi Chad , Spittle Cynthia , Li Jin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The clinical management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients requires the identification of the type of BCR::ABL1 transcript at diagnosis and the monitoring of its expression and potential tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance mutations during treatment. Detection of resistant mutation requires transcript type-specific amplification of BCR::ABL1 from RNA.

Methods
In this study, a custom RNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay (Dup-Seq BCR::ABL1) that enables (a) the identification of BCR::ABL1 transcript type and (b) the detection of resistance mutations from common and atypical BCR::ABL1 transcript types was developed and validated. The assay design covers BCR exon 1 to ABL1 exon 10 and employs duplicate PCR amplification for error correction. The custom data analysis pipeline enables breakpoint determination and overlapped mutation calling from duplicates, which minimizes the low-level mutation artifacts.

Results
This study demonstrates that this novel assay achieves high accuracy (positive percent agreement (PPA) for fusion: 98.5%; PPA and negative percent agreement (NPA) for mutation at 97.8% and 100.0%, respectively) and sensitivity (limit of detection (LOD) for mutation detection at 3% from 10 000 copies of BCR::ABL1 input).

Conclusions
The Dup-Seq BCR::ABL1 assay not only allows for the identification of BCR::ABL1 typical and atypical transcript types and accurate and sensitive detection of TKI-resistant mutations but also simplifies molecular testing work flow for the clinical management of CML patients.