bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors on cardiac structure and function using cardiac magnetic resonance: a meta-analysis of clinical studies
Authors: Wang Haipeng , Guo Siyi , Gu Shuo , Li Chunyu , Wang Fei , Zhao Junyu 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) on cardiac structure and function by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Research Methods &amp; Procedures: Database including PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase and SinoMed for clinical studies of DPP4i on cardiac structure and function by CMR were searched. Two authors extracted the data and evaluated study quality independently. Mean difference (MD) or standardized MD and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used for continuous variables. Review Manager 5.3 was used to performed the analysis.ResultsTen references (nine studies) were included in this meta-analysis. Most of the studies were assessed as well quality by the assessment of methodological quality. For clinical control studies, the merged MD values of △LVEF by fixed-effect model and the pooled effect size in favor of DPP4i was 1.55 (95% CI 0.35 to 2.74, P=0.01). Compared with positive control drugs, DPP4i can significantly improve the LVEF (MD=4.69, 95%CI=2.70 to 6.69), but no such change compared to placebo (MD=-0.20, 95%CI=-1.69 to 1.29). For single-arm studies and partial clinical control studies that reported LVEF values before and after DPP4i treatment, random-effect model was used to combine effect size due to a large heterogeneity (Chi2 = 11.26, P=0.02, I2 = 64%), and the pooled effect size in favor of DPP4i was 2.31 (95% CI 0.01 to 4.62, P=0.05). DPP4i significantly increased the Peak filling rate (PFR) without heterogeneity when the effect sizes of two single-arm studies were combined (MD=31.98, 95% CI 13.69 to 50.27, P=0.0006; heterogeneity test: Chi2 = 0.56, P=0.46, I2 = 0%).ConclusionsIn summary, a possible benefit of DPP4i in cardiac function (as measured by CMR) was found, both including ventricular systolic function and diastolic function.
Autoantibody profiling of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis: a pilot study
Authors: Li Siqi , Xu DongZhu , Murakoshi Nobuyuki , Yuan Zixun , Imaoka Takuro , Tajiri Kazuko 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated myocarditis is a rare, but potentially fatal, immune-related adverse event. Hence, identifying biomarkers is critical for selecting and managing patients receiving ICI treatment. Serum autoantibodies (AAbs) in patients with ICI myocarditis may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting, diagnosing, and prognosing ICI myocarditis. We conducted a pilot study using a human proteome microarray with approximately 17,000 unique full-length human proteins to investigate AAbs associated with ICI myocarditis.Methods and resultsAAb profiling was performed using sera collected from three patients with ICI myocarditis before the start of ICI treatment and immediately after myocarditis onset. All patients received anti-programmed death-1 antibody monotherapy. At baseline, 116, 296, and 154 autoantigens reacted positively to immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the serum samples from Cases 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Among these proteins, the recombination signal-binding protein for the immunoglobulin kappa J region (RBPJ) was recognized by all three samples, and 32 autoantigens were recognized by any two of the three samples. At the onset of ICI myocarditis, compared to baseline, 48, 114, and 5 autoantigens reacted more strongly with IgG in the serum samples from Cases 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Among these, antibodies against eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 3 (EIF4EBP3) were the most upregulated, with a 38-fold increase. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses highlighted that B-cell receptor signaling, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and thymus development were among the most affected pathways. Enrichment analyses using DisGeNET revealed that proteins reacting to AAbs detected in patients with ICI myocarditis are associated with several diseases, including dilated cardiomyopathy and muscle weakness.ConclusionsThis pilot study provides the first integrated analysis of serum AAb profiling in patients with ICI myocarditis and identifies novel candidate markers associated with an increased risk of developing ICI myocarditis and its pathogenesis. However, our results require further independent validation in clinical trials involving a larger number of patients.
In situ observation of ocean response to tropical cyclone in the western North Pacific during 2022
Authors: He Hailun , Ling Zheng , Wu Shouchang , Lyu Xinyan , Zeng Zheng , Tian Ruizhen , Wang Yuan , Sun Jia 
Published: September 2024

We deployed 8 surface drifters in the western North Pacific in 2022. By integrating the Global Drifter Program’s data, we analyzed the drifter-based sea surface currents and temperatures during tropical cyclones. The maximum in-situ surface current observed was 0.70 m/s during typhoon Hinnamnor. Our surface drifters provided similar observations as compared to an adjacent Global Drifter Program’s drifter. Furthermore, we investigated float profiling observations during tropical cyclones. Based on Argo float 2903647, the SST decreased by 1.4oC after the passage of typhoon Hinnamnor. This study demonstrates the reliability of our newly deployed surface drifters and exhibits the state-of-the-art capability for in-situ observations of tropical cyclone-ocean interaction.
Associations between peripheral thyroid sensitivity and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the US adults with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Deng Qin , Deng Juan , Wei Xiaoyuan , Shen Lu , Chen Jing , Bi Ke 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe relationship between peripheral sensitivity to thyroid hormones, as indicated by the ratio of free triiodothyronine (fT3) to free thyroxine (fT4) (fT3/fT4), and the prognosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear.MethodsThis study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2012. MetS was defined based on the criteria established by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). Kaplan–Meier survival curves, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and Cox proportional hazards models were employed to investigate the association between peripheral thyroid sensitivity and mortality outcomes among adults with MetS.ResultsA total of 3,101 adult participants (1,594 males and 1,507 females; median age: 52.00 years) with MetS were included in the analysis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that elevated levels of fT4 were positively associated with increased risks of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the MetS population [adjustedhazard ratio (aHR): 2.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.94–3.87, p &lt; 0.001 for all-cause mortality; aHR: 3.93, 95% CI: 2.07–7.45, p &lt; 0.001 for cardiovascular mortality]. Conversely, higher levels of fT3 and the fT3/fT4 ratio were found to be protective factors, reducing the mortality risk in the MetS population (fT3: aHR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.57–0.99, p = 0.046 for all-cause mortality; fT3/fT4 ratio: aHR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.67–0.85, p &lt; 0.001 for all-cause mortality; aHR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.52–0.83, p &lt; 0.001 for cardiovascular mortality). The fT3/fT4 ratio exhibited a nonlinear association with all-cause mortality, but a linear and inverse association with cardiovascular mortality.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that higher peripheral thyroid sensitivity, as indicated by the fT3/fT4 ratio, may be associated with reduced mortality risks among adults with MetS. Further research is warranted to validate these associations.
Microbiome and response surface methodology analyses reveal Acetobacter pasteurianus as the core bacteria responsible for aerobic spoilage of corn silage (Zea mays) in hot and humid areas
Authors: Bai Rui , Li Haiping , Chen Shiyong , Yuan Xianjun , Chen Youjun , Huang Yanling , Zhou Qingping , Guan Hao 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionWeak aerobic stability is a notable challenge for whole-plant corn silage, particularly in hot and humid regions. Acetobacter is commonly regarded as an indicator of aerobic deterioration in silage, yet its precise role in fermentation and during aerobic exposure, as well as the factors that promote its growth, remain insufficiently understood.MethodsIn this study, whole-plant corn silage was prepared using a bagged method with controlled dry matter (DM) content at 20%, 25%, and 30%, and initial concentrations of A. pasteurianus at 40%, 50%, and 60%. The silage was stored for 60 days under varying temperatures (20°C, 30°C, and 40°C). Following the anaerobic storage phase, the silage was exposed to air at room temperature (20-25°C) for 7 days, both with and without A. pasteurianus inoculation.ResultsThe results demonstrated that A. pasteurianus did not impact the nutritional value of the silage during anaerobic fermentation, maintaining a low pH (&lt; 3.80). However, during aerobic exposure, the presence of A. pasteurianus significantly reduced the aerobic stability of the silage. The microbial community shifted from primarily Klebsiella species initially to Lactobacillus and Acetobacter species post-ensiling. During the aerobic exposure phase, A. pasteurianus and A. fabarum became the dominant species. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) analysis identified optimal conditions for the proliferation of A. pasteurianus during the aerobic phase, which occurred at 28°C, 25% DM, and 52% initial concentration at 3 ml/kg.DiscussionThese findings confirm that A. pasteurianus plays a critical role in reducing the aerobic stability of whole-plant corn silage. Additionally, the study identifies the optimal conditions that favor the proliferation of A. pasteurianus, offering valuable insights for the development of strategies to prevent and control this bacterium, thereby improving the aerobic stability of silage in hot and humid regions.
Comparative efficacy of intratympanic gentamicin and intratympanic corticosteroid in the treatment of Meniere’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Xuanmei , Shui Jiacheng , Liu Chengyuan , Wu Xinyue , Yu Ying , Wang Hanyu , Yan Cong 
Published: September 2024

PurposeWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy of gentamicin compared to corticosteroids for the treatment of Meniere’s disease.MethodsAn extensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science until May 2024. For continuous outcomes, pooled effect estimates were determined by calculating the weighted mean difference (WMD), while for binary outcomes, the risk ratio (RR) was used, each accompanied by their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using Cochran’s I2 and Q statistics.ResultsA total of 12 studies were selected, involving 694 patients. Our analysis found that the gentamicin group demonstrates superior vertigo control rates compared to the corticosteroid group (RR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.65, p &lt; 0.001). In subgroup analysis, the gentamicin group showed a higher vertigo control rates at 6 months compared to the corticosteroid group (RR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.24, p &lt; 0.001); however, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at 12 months (RR: 1.48, 95% CI: 0.88 to 2.49, p = 0.14). Regarding changes in pure tone average, the corticosteroid group was superior to the gentamicin group (WMD: 4.41, 95% CI: 3.31 to 5.52, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionOur study suggests that the intratympanic gentamicin group achieves higher vertigo control rates, whereas the corticosteroid group demonstrates better improvement in pure tone averages. However, the high heterogeneity in vertigo control rates warrants caution. Larger sample-sized randomized controlled trials are needed to further validate these findings.
Comparative analysis of motor skill acquisition in a novel bimanual task: the role of mental representation and sensorimotor feedback
Authors: Cienfuegos Miguel , Naceri Abdeldjallil , Maycock Jonathan , Kõiva Risto , Ritter Helge , Schack Thomas 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThis study investigates the multifaceted nature of motor learning in a complex bimanual task by examining the interplay between mental representation structures, biomechanics, tactile pressure, and performance. We developed a novel maze game requiring participants to maneuver a rolling sphere through a maze, exemplifying complex sequential coordination of vision and haptic control using both hands. A key component of this study is the introduction of cognitive primitives, fundamental units of cognitive and motor actions that represent specific movement patterns and strategies.MethodsParticipants were divided into two groups based on initial performance: poor performers (PPG) and good performers (GPG). The experimental setup employed motion capture and innovative tactile sensors to capture a detailed multimodal picture of the interaction process. Our primary aims were to (1) assess the effects of daily practice on task performance, biomechanics, and tactile pressure, (2) examine the relationship between changes in mental representation structures and skill performance, and (3) explore the interplay between biomechanics, tactile pressure, and cognitive representation in motor learning.ResultsPerformance analysis showed that motor skills improved with practice, with the GPG outperforming the PPG in maze navigation efficiency. Biomechanical analysis revealed that the GPG demonstrated superior movement strategies, as indicated by higher peak velocities and fewer velocity peaks during task execution. Tactile feedback analysis showed that GPG participants applied more precise and focused pressure with their right-hand thumb, suggesting enhanced motor control. Cognitively, both groups refined their mental representation structures over time, but the GPG exhibited a more structured and sophisticated cognitive mapping of the task post-practice.DiscussionThe findings highlight the intertwined nature of biomechanical control, tactile feedback, and cognitive processing in motor skill acquisition. The results support established theories, such as the cognitive action architecture approach, emphasizing the role of mental representation in planning and executing motor actions. The integration of cognitive primitives in our analysis provides a theoretical framework that connects observable behaviors to underlying cognitive strategies, enhancing the understanding of motor learning across various contexts. Our study underscores the necessity of a holistic approach to motor learning research, recognizing the complex interaction between cognitive and motor processes in skill acquisition.
The ineffective emotion regulation of deaf college students: an ERP study
Authors: Dong Qi , Sun Le , Du Xue 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionDeaf students have more difficulties with emotion regulation due to their hearing loss. They are suffering higher socio-emotional risk than the hearing person. But there are few studies explored the neural mechanisms of impaired emotion regulation in the deaf college students.MethodsThirty hearing college students and 27 deaf college students completed the emotion regulation task while recording ERP data and subjective emotion intensity.ResultsBehavioral results found that deaf college students had higher emotional experience intensity compared to healthy controls. The ERP results showed the deaf college students had lower LPP amplitudes both using reappraisal and suppression strategies. Moreover, the LPP of expression suppression was associated with the increase of depression scores among deaf college students.DiscussionDeaf college students may have impaired emotion regulation so that they are more accustomed to using expression suppression strategies to regulate their negative emotions which lead to high risk to be depression.
Ketogenic diet improves fertility in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a brief report
Authors: Tsushima Yumiko , Nachawi Noura , Pantalone Kevin M. , Griebeler Marcio L. , Alwahab Ula Abed 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects up to 20 % of reproductive-age individuals and is strongly linked to obesity. The impacts of ketogenic diet on fertility in people with PCOS are unknown. This study aims to determine the effect of a ketogenic diet on restoration of regular menstrual cycles and fertility.MethodsAfter approval from the Institutional Review Boards of Cleveland Clinic, a retrospective analysis was conducted using the electronic health record system. We analyzed data from thirty patients (n = 30) with polycystic ovary syndrome who followed a ketogenic diet for at least 3 months at the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Main outcomes were percentage of women with restoration of regular menstrual cycles and pregnancy rate.ResultsAll women (n = 30) had restoration of regular menstrual cycles. The overall pregnancy rate of women desiring pregnancy (n = 18) was 55.6% (n = 10). Pregnancy rate was 38.5% for women on metformin and 100% for those who were not (P = 0.036). Pregnancy rate was 62.5% for women using ovulation induction agents and 50.0% for those who did not (P = 0.66). Percent weight change between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups did not significantly differ [−8.1 ± 6.2, vs −6.4 ± 8.4, P = 0.64, respectively].ConclusionThis study reports a higher rate of pregnancy with the ketogenic diet in women with PCOS compared to existing literature.
The effect of water-soluble tomato concentrate on elevated serum cholesterol in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals
Authors: Yu Yingxiang , Wu Yifan , Xie Lan , Chang Cuiqing 
Published: September 2024

Water-soluble tomato concentrate (WSTC) has demonstrated beneficial effect on blood flow in healthy populations. The prospective, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to explore the impact of WSTC on individuals with elevated cholesterol levels. Sixty participants aged 35–65 with high cholesterol were enrolled and evenly divided into a treatment group (FFG) and a placebo group (PCG). Over a 60-day period comprising a 45-day treatment phase followed by a 15-day observational follow-up. Participants in the FFG received 300 mg daily of Fruitflow tablets, while the PCG were received placebos. The study showed that there were no significant differences in baseline parameters between the FFG and PCG (p &gt; 0.05). Post-intervention, the FFG exhibited significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 4.2% (SBP, p &lt; 0.001) and 3.8% (DBP, p = 0.015), respectively, compared to the PCG (p = 0.041). These reductions were sustained during the follow-up period. In contrast, the PCG showed no significant changes in SBP and DBP (p &gt; 0.05). Stratified analysis by hypertension status revealed a significant SBP reductions both hypertensive and non-hypertensive FFG subjects (p &lt; 0.05), with a trend towards DBP reduction. No significant changes in SBP and DBP were observed in the PCG. Moreover, the FFG group showed a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p &lt; 0.05), along with a marked reduction in both weight and body mass index (BMI) (p &lt; 0.05). The FFG also showed decreased levels of homocysteine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and fasting blood glucose compared to the PCG (p &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, WSTC has the potential to lower blood pressure and cardiovascular risk profiles in hypercholesterolemic individuals, presenting a viable non-harmacological option for enhancing cardiovascular health.Clinical trial registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=27052, identifier ChiCTR1800015904.
Gut microbiota influence on lung cancer risk through blood metabolite mediation: from a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis and genetic analysis
Authors: Du Yizhao , Wang Qin , Zheng Zongmei , Zhou Hailun , Han Yang , Qi Ao , Jiao Lijing , Gong Yabin 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundGut microbiota (GM) and metabolic alterations play pivotal roles in lung cancer (LC) development and host genetic variations are known to contribute to LC susceptibility by modulating the GM. However, the causal links among GM, metabolite, host genes, and LC remain to be fully delineated.MethodThrough bidirectional MR analyses, we examined the causal links between GM and LC, and utilized two-step mediation analysis to identify potential mediating blood metabolite. We employed diverse MR methods, including inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, weighted mode, and simple mode, to ensure a robust examination of the data. MR-Egger intercept test, Radial MR, MR-PRESSO, Cochran Q test and Leave-one-out (LOO) analysis were used for sensitivity analyses. Analyses were adjusted for smoking, alcohol intake frequency and air pollution. Linkage disequilibrium score regression and Steiger test were used to probe genetic causality. The study also explored the association between specific host genes and the abundance of gut microbes in LC patients.ResultsThe presence of Bacteroides clarus was associated with an increased risk of LC (odds ratio [OR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.11, p = 0.012), whereas the Eubacteriaceae showed a protective effect (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75–0.89, p = 0.001). These findings remained robust after False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction. Our mediator screening identified 13 blood metabolites that significantly influence LC risk after FDR correction, underscoring cystine and propionylcarnitine in reducing LC risk, while linking specific lipids and hydroxy acids to an increased risk. Our two-step mediation analysis demonstrated that the association between the bacterial pathway of synthesis of guanosine ribonucleotides and LC was mediated by Fructosyllysine, with mediated proportions of 11.38% (p = 0.037). LDSC analysis confirmed the robustness of these associations. Our study unveiled significant host genes ROBO2 may influence the abundance of pathogenic gut microbes in LC patients. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed glutathione metabolism and glutamate metabolism are the pathways most enriched with significant metabolites related to LC.ConclusionThese findings underscore the importance of GM in the development of LC, with metabolites partly mediating this effect, and provide dietary and lifestyle recommendations for high-risk lung cancer populations.