bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib as first‐line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with multiple brain metastases
Authors: Matsumoto Daisuke , Naiki Taku , Naiki‐Ito Aya , Aoki Maria , Kato Shinji , Morikawa Toshiharu , Shimizu Nobuhiko , Gonda Masakazu , Umemoto Yukihiro , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionPatients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma have a poor prognosis and its specific pathogenesis remains unelucidated.Case presentationAt 78 years of age, a Japanese male patient was diagnosed with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (cT3N2M1 stage) and multiple brain metastases that were responsive to stereotactic radiation therapy followed by systemic combination induction therapy of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib. Adverse events, including grade 3 hypertension, grade 2 eruption, and elevated grade 2 fever, were controlled by a dose reduction or suspension of drugs. The patient eventually showed a tolerance for continuing with 8 mg lenvatinib. Fourteen months after the initiation of treatment, and on 8 mg lenvatinib, this patient showed no sign of disease progression at the last follow‐up.ConclusionWe detail the absence of disease progression in a metastatic renal cell carcinoma case with multiple brain metastases more than 1 year after stereotactic radiation therapy followed by first‐line pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib.
Three‐dimensional time of flight magnetic resonance angiography at 5.0T: Visualization of the superior cerebellar artery
Authors: Tian Ning , Jiang Xiangsen , Yu Lei , Yin Zudong , Yu Dan , Gan Jie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the utility of 5.0T ultra‐high field magnetic resonance (MR) for the assessment of the superior cerebellar artery (SCA).MethodsImaging data from 55 patients (19 men and 36 women) who underwent three‐dimensional time of flight MR angiography (3D‐TOF‐MRA) with 5.0T MRI in the Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Third Hospital from May 22, 2023 to June 16, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The origin, caliber, and course of the SCA were recorded. An independent sample t‐test was used to compare the differences in quantitative indexes between the two groups.ResultsA total of 123 superior cerebellar arteries were detected in 55 patients. We found that 86.99% of superior cerebellar arteries were longer than the P3 segment of the posterior cerebral artery. The superior cerebellar arteries were divided into nine types according to the origin of the SCA, with Type A accounting for the highest proportion (approximately 49.09%). The mean diameter of the SCA was 1.11 ± 0.22 mm, while the mean diameters of the right and left sides were 1.13 ± 0.24 mm and 1.07 ± 0.27 mm, respectively. There were no differences in SCA diameters between the two sides (p > 0.05).Conclusions3D‐TOF‐MRA with ultra‐high field 5.0T MR can effectively evaluate the SCA, and provides a new effective imaging evaluation method for clinical practice.
N6‐methyladenosine demethyltransferase FTO alleviates sepsis by upregulating BNIP3 to induce mitophagy
Authors: Qi Pingping , Zhang Wei , Gao Yang , Chen Shengkui , Jiang Minghe , He Rong , Chen Wenzhong , Wei Xiawei , Hu Bingquan , Xu Hao , Wu Minsheng , Tang Rong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is known to be crucial in various biological processes, but its role in sepsis‐induced circulatory and cardiac dysfunction is not well understood. Specifically, mitophagy, a specialized form of autophagy, is excessively activated during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced myocardial injury. This study aimed to investigate the impact of LPS‐induced endotoxemia on m6A‐RNA methylation and its role in regulating mitophagy in sepsis‐induced myocardial dysfunction. Our research demonstrated that FTO (fat mass and obesity‐associated protein), an m6A demethylase, significantly affects abnormal m6A modification in the myocardium and cardiomyocytes following LPS treatment. In mice, cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyocyte apoptosis worsened after adeno‐associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)‐mediated FTO knockdown. Further analyses to uncover the cellular mechanisms improving cardiac function showed that FTO reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, restored both basal and maximal respiration, and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential. We revealed that FTO plays a critical role in activating mitophagy by targeting BNIP3. Additionally, the cardioprotective effects of AAV‐FTO were significantly compromised by mdivi‐1, a mitophagy inhibitor. Mechanistically, FTO interacted with BNIP3 transcripts and regulated their expression in an m6A‐dependent manner. Following FTO silencing, BNIP3 transcripts with elevated m6A modification levels in their coding regions were bound by YTHDF2 (YT521‐B homology m6A RNA‐binding protein 2), leading to mRNA destabilization and decreased BNIP3 protein levels. These findings highlight the importance of FTO‐dependent cardiac m6A methylation in regulating mitophagy and enhance our understanding of this critical interplay, which is essential for developing therapeutic strategies to protect cardiac mitochondrial function, alleviate cardiac dysfunction, and improve survival during sepsis.
LRRK2G2019S Gene Mutation Causes Skeletal Muscle Impairment in Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Hu Yiying , Yang Huijia , Song Chunli , Tian Lulu , Wang Panpan , Li Tianbai , Cheng Cheng , AlNusaif Murad , Li Song , Liang Zhanhua , Le Weidong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundWhile the gradually aggravated motor and non‐motor disorders of Parkinson's disease (PD) lead to progressive disability and frequent falling, skeletal muscle impairment may contribute to this condition. The leucine‐rich repeat kinase2 (LRRK2) is a common disease‐causing gene in PD. Little is known about its role in skeletal muscle impairment and its underlying mechanisms.MethodsTo investigate whether the mutation in LRRK2 causes skeletal muscle impairment, we used 3‐month‐old (3mo) and 14‐month‐old (14mo) LRRK2G2019S transgenic (TG) mice as a model of PD, compared with the age‐matched littermate wild‐type (WT) controls. We measured the muscle mass and strength, ultrastructure, inflammatory infiltration, mitochondrial morphology and dynamics dysfunction through behavioural analysis, electromyography (EMG), immunostaining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and other molecular biology techniques.ResultsThe 3mo‐TG mice display mild skeletal muscle impairment with spontaneous potentials in EMG (increased by 130%, p < 0.05), myofibre necrosis (p < 0.05) and myosin heavy chain‐II changes (reduced by 19%, p < 0.01). The inflammatory cells and macrophage infiltration are significantly increased (CD8a+ and CD68+ cells up 1060% and 579%, respectively, both p < 0.0001) compared with the WT mice. All of the above pathogenic processes are aggravated by aging. The 14mo‐TG mice EMG examinations show a reduced duration (by 31%, p < 0.01) and increased polyphasic waves of motor unit action potentials (by 28%, p < 0.05). The 14mo‐TG mice present motor behavioural deficits (p < 0.05), muscle strength and mass reduction by 37% and 8% (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). A remarkable increase in inflammatory infiltration is accompanied by pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the skeletal muscles. TEM analysis shows muscle fibre regeneration with the reduced length of sarcomeres (by 6%;p < 0.05). The muscle regeneration is activated as Pax7+ cells increased by 106% (p < 0.0001), andmyoblast determination protein elevated by 71% (p < 0.01). We also document the morphological changes and dynamics dysfunction of mitochondria with the increase of mitofusin1 by 43% (p < 0.05) and voltage‐dependent anion channel 1 by 115% (p < 0.001) in the skeletal muscles of 14mo‐TG mice.ConclusionsTaken together, these findings may provide new insights into the clinical and pathogenic involvement of LRRK2G2019 mutation in muscles, suggesting that the diseases may affect not only midbrain dopaminergic neurons, but also other tissues, and it may help overall clinical management of this devastating disease.
Quantitative evaluation of myocardial perfusion in coronary heart disease by myocardial contrast and dobutamine stress echocardiography
Authors: Guo Liping , Zhang Yuanxiang , Wen Jia , Chen Jing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate how combining myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) with dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) could help evaluate myocardial perfusion in coronary heart disease patients and understand changes in microcirculation across different levels of coronary artery blockage.MethodsWe conducted MCE and DSE tests on 53 coronary heart disease patients, categorizing ischemic myocardium into four groups: A (<50%), B (50%–69%), C (70%–89%), and D (≥90%). Dynamic myocardial perfusion images were captured during rest and peak dobutamine stress from various angles, analyzing parameters like plateau value A, slope β, and the product A × β, reflecting different aspects of myocardial blood flow.ResultsParametric values of myocardial perfusion (PVMPs) were significantly lower in group D at rest compared with other groups (p < 0.001). PVMPs increased notably at peak dobutamine stress in groups A, B, and C (p < 0.001). Groups A and B had higher PVMPs than groups C and D, with group D significantly lower (p < 0.001). β reserve values decreased gradually from group A to D, with significantly lower values of A and A × β in groups C and D compared with A and B (p < 0.001). Sensitivity and specificity for predicting >70% coronary artery blockage was 80%, 66%, and 74%, 80%, respectively, using specific thresholds.ConclusionCombining MCE with DSE is highly sensitive and accurate in diagnosing obstructive coronary artery blockages. It also helps assess myocardial microcirculation perfusion and left ventricular reserve function, which decline with increasing severity of coronary artery blockage.
Training a rural oral health workforce: Effects of rural background on dentist practice choice
Authors: Forsyth Anna R. , Melkonyan Arsen A. , Kerns Kristopher , Flake Natasha M. , Greene Rachel M. , Roberts Frank A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThe Regional Initiatives in Dental Education (RIDE) program is an educational track of the University of Washington School of Dentistry that aims to produce leaders who practice in rural areas of the Pacific Northwest. This study assesses outcomes of the first 10 years of the RIDE program. The hypothesis tested is that rural background is the most important predictor of long‐term rural dental practice.MethodsThis descriptive study assessed existing data including graduates' location of practice, demographics, rurality of origin, parental occupation, and practice type over time. Subjects are all graduates of the RIDE program from 2012 to 2021 (N = 80), and range in age from 25 to 50 years. Statistical analyses were utilized to explore associations.ResultsWithin the study sample 78% of graduates practiced in a rural and/or underserved area, 32.5% of graduates pursued post‐graduate dental training, 40% participated in Medicaid, and 78% practiced in the Pacific Northwest at the time of analysis (March 2023). Statistical analysis demonstrated a strong association and medium to large effect sizes between both rural upbringing and training sites and established dental practice in a rural region.ConclusionsGraduates of the RIDE program practice in rural areas in greater proportion compared to the general population of practicing dentists. RIDE graduates from the study period tended to be male, and white, and practice in a health professional shortage area or rural site. The rurality of origin analysis was confounded by the substantial number of graduates from Spokane, Washington, an urban area surrounded by extensive rural territory.
Assessment of BDNF and sialic acid levels in children with ADHD: Relation of chronotypes
Authors: Demirci Esra , Gul Melike Kevser , Sener Elif Funda , Onal Muge Gulcihan , Dal Fatma 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveEvaluation of the biomarkers and their relations with sleep in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is important for understanding the impairments in cognitive functioning. In this study, we aimed to investigate the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and sialic acid (Sia) levels, and their possible relations with chronotypes in ADHD.MethodsThe study included 100 drug‐naive children with ADHD and 74 healthy children as controls. Conners' Parent Rating Scale‐Revised (CPRS‐R) scores were used for the severity assessment. Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) was used to determine the chronotypes of participants. ELISA kits were used for the assessment of BDNF and Sia plasma levels.ResultsLevels of BDNF and Sia were found to be statistically significantly higher in the ADHD group compared to healthy children (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). BDNF and Sia levels were found to be higher in the ADHD group with eveningness chronotype (p = 0.045, p = 0.038). The binary logistic regression model was statistically significant (p = 0.033), higher BDNF and Sia levels were assessed as predictive factors for the diagnosis of ADHD. Also, eveningness chronotype was found as a predictive factor of BDNF and Sia levels in ADHD.ConclusionThe results indicate that BDNF and Sia levels, which are related to cognitive functions and sleep, increase with the age of ADHD. Eveningness chronotype, connected with the severity of ADHD, is related to BDNF and Sia levels. There is a need for further studies to confirm these results.
Patients aged 55 or older undergoing around the knee osteotomy have a higher rate of deep vein thrombosis but not overall early post‐operative complications
Authors: Olivieri Rodrigo , Laso José , Pineda Tomás , Albornoz Pablo , Starocelsky Nicolás , Franulic Nicolás , Ugarte Jaime 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeOsteotomies around the knee have been established as an effective method for treating varus or valgus malalignment associated with other knee pathologies in young and middle‐aged patients. There is limited literature regarding the risks and complications based on patient age. The purpose of this study is to determine whether age influences as a risk factor for developing intraoperative and early post‐operative complications in patients undergoing osteotomies around the knee.MethodsA consecutive series of patients over 18 years old who underwent distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) or high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with a minimum follow‐up period of 90 days were included. Demographic characteristics, surgical technique, intraoperative and post‐operative complications up to 90 days were identified. A statistical comparison based on age younger than 55 years or 55 years and older was conducted to determine if patient age acted as a risk factor in the development of complications.ResultsA total of 159 osteotomies were included, of which 129 were HTOs. The average age was 46.16 years, and 118 patients were younger than 55 years. Seven hinge fractures were identified as the only intraoperative complication, while the overall early post‐operative complication rate was 11.32%. The most frequent was deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in 5.66% of cases, followed by deep infection with a total rate of 2.52%. When performing the subgroup analysis by age, we observed a significantly higher rate of DVT in the group aged 55 years and older (p 0.036) (odds ratio 3.96 95% confidence interval 1.009–15.533; p 0.048); however, no significant differences were observed in the overall complication rate according to the age group of the patients.ConclusionsThis study reveals that in patients undergoing osteotomies around the knee, the most common post‐operative complication was DVT. The rate of DVT was significantly higher in patients aged 55 years and older, although no differences were observed in the overall complication rate according to the patients' age range.Level of evidenceLevel III (retrospective cohort study).
Microstructural Study of the Coloring Variation of Chinese Sauce Glaze Replications
Authors: Wang Tian , Xia Senwei , Ren Zhao , Hole Clement , Wang Fen , Zhu Jianfeng , Luo Hongjie , Li Qiang , Liao Meihong , Sciau Philippe 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTSauce glazed wares of Yaozhou kilns are famous for their high gloss and distinctive glaze color palette varying from yellowish‐brown to reddish‐brown. In this work, sauce glazes were successfully replicated using the traditional technology of Yaozhou kilns. Micro‐Raman spectroscopy, combined with optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x‐ray fluorescence, and reflective spectroscopy, was systematically applied to analyze the chemical composition, nature and distribution of crystals, and the coloration of the glazes. The results show that the yellowish‐brown glaze is mainly original from dendritic ε‐Fe2O3 crystals, whereas the reddish‐brown color is mainly derived from dendritic hematite crystals. Such dendritic structure could account for slightly color variations of the glaze surface observed in different angles, which also reported in Japanese Bizen ceramics. The principal component analysis (PCA) was further applied to study the Raman spectra of these iron oxides. The PCA results effectively indicates the structural disorders of these crystals introduced by ion substitutions. These substitutions could not only stabilize the crystals but also darken the crystals color. Besides, high Mg in the raw materials was found to benefit the growth of magnesioferrite crystals. The relative low level of Fe2O3, high level of SiO2, and CaO may relate to the formation of ε‐Fe2O3 crystals.
Personal Brand Equity and Telepresence's Role in Tourism Electronic Commerce Live Streaming
Authors: Liu Jing , Hsu Fu‐Chieh , Ma Yiran , Huang Yuqing 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDespite the increasing popularity of e‐commerce live streaming (ECLS), research development in the hospitality and tourism field lags. Drawing on social impact theory, this study aims to investigate the effects of streamers' personal brand equity (strength) and the live‐streaming broadcasting environment (immediacy) on viewers' tourism product purchase intention. This research developed three experimental studies to examine the causal link between live‐streaming features (i.e., the interactive effect of streamers' personal brand equity and telepresence) and customer responses. The results showed that the interactions between different levels of personal brand equity and telepresence significantly impact positive outcomes related to tourists' behavior and decision‐making. This study contributed to the literature and practices by enhancing the understanding of ECLS as a newly emerging marketing tool in the tourism industry. The findings would encourage more hospitality and tourism companies to leverage ECLS as a new marketing campaign strategy.
Instrumentation Considerations for Calcified Thyroid Cartilage during Chondrolaryngoplasty
Authors: Stevenson Lily A. , Song Phillip C. , Franco Ramon A. , Naunheim Matthew R. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveChondrolaryngoplasty, also known as thyroid cartilage reduction, alleviates gender dysphoria by reducing the thyroid cartilage to conform to a patient's gender identity. Reduction of the thyroid cartilage prominence (“Adam's apple”) is often performed with a scalpel, but in cases of cartilage calcification, rongeurs or drills are utilized. This study aims to characterize the success rate with scalpel‐only excision and relate this to patient age and operative time.MethodsBilling records were screened for chondrolaryngoplasties performed between 2020 and 2023 by a single surgeon. Patient demographics, operative notes, and operation duration were recorded. Type of instrumentation was categorized as scalpel only, rongeur, or drill. All cases began with attempted scalpel excision of cartilage and were transitioned to rongeur or drill if there was calcification that prevented sharp excision. Descriptive statistics were used to describe patient and surgical factors.Results52 individuals underwent chondrolaryngoplasty: 30 cases (57.7%) had soft cartilage requiring only a blade, 22 (42.3%) required use of either drill or rongeur. The average age of these groups was 25.7 (SE 1.8) and 41.3 years (SE 2.2), respectively; this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Cases requiring a drill or rongeur lasted on average 78.5 min (SE 2.3), whereas those using only a blade were shorter at 66.8 min (SE 2.7); this difference was significant (p = 0.0017).ConclusionCartilage calcification should be expected in a significant number of chondrolaryngoplasties, and surgeons should be prepared for this scenario. The need for alternative instrumentation is higher in older individuals and may extend procedural time.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 135:748–751, 2025
The Role of Spatial Morphology in Forest Landscape Fragmentation: Insights From Planted and Natural Forests of the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhang Mei , Yu Shichuan , Zhao Zhong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to emphasize the key role of spatial morphology of planted and natural forests on landscape fragmentation and to furnish a scientific foundation for the effective assessment of ecological restoration projects of vegetation on the Loess Plateau. The spatial morphological pattern and landscape fragmentation characteristics were analyzed using morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and forest area density methods. This is the inaugural study to reveal the linear and nonlinear relationships between forest landscape fragmentation and its driving factors using machine learning methods and introducing morphological indicators with two different strategies. The results showed significant differences in the spatial patterns and landscape fragmentation characteristics between planted and natural forests. The spatial patterns of planted and natural forests were found to be dominated by “Core” in terms of area, while “Branch” was more prevalent in terms of number. Compared to natural forests, planted forests were more fragmented. The introduction of the MSPA indicator significantly enhanced the explanatory power and predictive performance of the model despite the disparate contribution rates of the driving factors in planted and natural forests. This study highlights the importance of spatial morphology in understanding forest landscape fragmentation and provides a new combination of analytical techniques to better understand the complexity of forest ecosystems. These provide new insights into forest landscape restoration and sustainable management on the Loess Plateau.