bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Results in Face Lifting: Observational Results and Evolution of Technique
Authors: Rohrich Rod J. , Narasimhan Kailash 
Published: June 2016

Background:
Attaining a long-lasting result has always been a major goal of facial rejuvenation surgery. A major objective of this article is for the reader to understand which specific factors have been the keys to durability and consistency in facial rejuvenation.

Methods:
The authors describe the evolution and development of their current techniques for face lifting. The authors review reliable techniques and point to factors that in their experience increase longevity of facial rejuvenation.

Results:
The authors’ experience spans 25 years and 1089 facial surgery patients. Long-term follow-up was difficult beyond 3 years in addition to a lack of uniform photography before the 1990s. Plication and superficial musculoaponeurotic system excision techniques have achieved consistent and reliable results with skin undermining based on an individualized component analysis. Neck techniques that involve wide skin undermining and midline plication help prevent recurrence and optimize shape.

Conclusions:
Patient selection is just as important as technical advances. Patients with better long-term results included younger, more attractive patients with fuller faces. Patients with fuller necks had a higher relapse rate. Opening and treating midline platysmal bands decreased recurrence of neck deformities. Skin resurfacing and the use of topical retinoids has improved our long-term results. Male and female patients had similar results and revision rates. Through trial and error and a wealth of experience, the authors have found techniques that can produce practical, durable, and consistent result in the paradigm of facial rejuvenation.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, V.
The impeccable credentials of an untrained philosopher: Willem Jacob 's Gravesande's career before his Leiden professorship, 1688–1717
Authors: van Besouw Jip 
Published: June 2016

The mathematician, physicist and philosopher W. J. 's Gravesande is particularly known for his adherence to ‘Newtonian philosophy’. Currently, it is widely held that 's Gravesande got his main inspiration for his scholarly calling from Newton himself, whom he met in 1715 during a first career as a lawyer; and that it was mainly Newton's own intervention that ensured the appointment of the unqualified 's Gravesande at Leiden University. I challenge these views by bringing together all currently known information about 's Gravesande, including a number of as yet unused documents. I show that 's Gravesande's appointment resulted from a very carefully built up reputation in scholarly circles rather than from accidental meetings and patronage. 's Gravesande had written several innovative papers and was in contact with both leading mathematicians and local political and patrician figures already before 1715. This article therefore explains the rationale behind his appointment in Leiden.
Varapp: A reactive web-application for variants filtering
Authors: Delafontaine Julien , Masselot Alexandre , Liechti Robin , Kuznetsov Dmitry , Xenarios Ioannis , Pradervand Sylvain 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSummary: Varapp is an open-source web application to filter variants from large sets of exome data stored in a relational database. Varapp offers a reactive graphical user interface, very fast data pro-cessing, security and facility to save, reproduce and shareresults. Typically, a few seconds suffice to apply non-trivial filters to a set of half a million variants and extract a handful of potential clinically relevant targets. Varapp implements different scenarios for Mendelian diseases (dominant, recessive, de novo, X-linked, andcompound heterozygous), and allows searching for variants in genes or chro-mosomal regions of interest.Availability: The application is made of a Javascript front-end and a Python back-end. Its source code is hosted at https://github.com/varapp. A demo version isavailable at https://varapp-demo.vital-it.ch. The full documentation can be found at https://varapp-demo.vital-it.ch/docs.Contact:sylvain.pradervand@chuv.ch
Agricultural credit and technical efficiency in Ghana: is there a nexus?
Authors: Abdallah Abdul-Hanan 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of agricultural credit on technical efficiency of Ghanaian maize farmers using a unique dataset drawn from the database of Sub-Saharan Africa’s intensification of food crops agriculture (Afrint II) in 2008 period.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this study, a two-stage estimation procedure is employed to determine impact of agricultural credit on technical efficiency of Ghanaian maize farmers. The first stage utilized probit model while the second stage utilized stochastic frontier approach to estimate impact of credit on technical efficiency of Ghanaian maize farmers.

Findings
– The study found that farmers are producing below the frontier with average technical efficiency of 47 percent. Policy variables such as credit access; education, extension access and farm size played a stronger role in technical efficiency. Agricultural credit in particular increased technical efficiency by 3.8 percent.

Research limitations/implications
– The results should not be extended to the impact of agricultural credit on economic efficiency since the allocative efficiency component is not considered in this study. Also, caution should be taken in the interpretation of these results because the data could not permit the incorporation of all variables that might affect technical efficiency.

Originality/value
– The originality of the paper and its contribution to existing literature largely lies from the use of a unique dataset to find evidence of the impact of credit on efficiency in Ghana.
The impact of the Food Safety and Modernization Act on firm value
Authors: Johnson Mark Steven , Lawson Tolani 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of the passage and signing of P.L. 111-353, the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), on the market value of agribusiness firms.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors conduct an event study of the shareholder value effects of FSMA. The short-window analyses estimate the three-, five-, and seven-day market responses to three key event dates: passage by the House, passage by the Senate, and the signing of FSMA by President Obama. The long-window analyses examine a time period that encompasses the three informational events, as well as the 30 months after the signing of FSMA. To control for the effects of market-wide fluctuations, the authors use two alternative models of the returns generating process to calculate abnormal returns, the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Fama-French three-factor model.

Findings
– The short-window analyses show no evidence of a significant reaction to the passage of FSMA by the House or the Senate, but evidence of a significant negative reaction to the signing of FSMA by President Obama. The long window results which span the of passage by House, passage by the Senate and signing by the President indicate a decline in the average market value of agribusiness firms on the order of – 10 percent over the period. Additionally, the authors find some evidence that this effect is not evenly spread out across different types of agribusiness firms (wholesale, grocery, and processing).

Originality/value
– The study is the first to examine the impact of P.L.111-353 on the market value of agribusiness firms.
Connecting real learning with social media ROI
Authors: Crumpton Michael A. , White Philip B. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
This case study aims to outline the activities related to a project to create a foundation for the libraries’ social media activities and determine return on investment and value added for the efforts.

Design/methodology/approach
This case study describes the actions taken and the information tracked in establishing social media presence with recommendation for a sustainable program.

Findings
Social media adds value to libraries’ organizational personality, but it also incurs cost and effort that should be strategically managed.

Originality/value
This case study was conducted in the authors’ home institution.
A hybrid method for the calculation of the inductances of coils with and without deformed turns
Authors: Li Hua , Rucker Wolfgang 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present an accurate and efficient hybrid method for the calculation of the inductance of a coil and its inductance change due to deformed turns using numerical methods.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper opted for finite element method coupled with analytical method (FCA) to accurately calculate the inductance of a coil, which is used as reference value. An algorithm with a power function is presented to approximate the partial inductance matrix with the purpose of obtaining the percentage change of the inductance due to deformed turns by using the partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) with an approximated model and an optimization process. The presented method is successfully validated by the numerical results.

Findings
– The paper provides a systematic investigation of the inductance of an arbitrary shaped coil and shows how to accurately and efficiently evaluate the inductance change of a coil due to its deformed turns. It suggests that the inductance of a coil can be accurately calculated by using FCA and its percentage change due to deformed turns can be efficiently calculated by using the PEEC_Approximation.

Research limitations/implications
– As this research is for the magnetostatics, the skin- and proximity-effects have not been taken into account.

Practical implications
– The paper includes implication for the worst-case analysis of the coil’s inductance due to mechanical damage or manufacturing tolerance.

Originality/value
– This paper fulfills an identified need to study how the inductance change of a coil can be obtained accurately and efficiently.
Magnetic and infrared thermography methods in detection of antipersonnel landmines
Authors: Szymanik Barbara , Woloszyn Miroslaw 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present two methods of detection for landmines with minimal metal content.

Design/methodology/approach
– First, two methods of landmine detection are presented: magnetic and infrared with microwave heating. For each method the numerical algorithm of an object’s position and properties determination are presented. Furthermore, the experimental results of several landmines detection using both methods are presented.

Findings
– It is possible to detect the landmines with minimal metal content using both magnetic and infrared methods. It is also possible to determine the detected objects’ exact position and properties using developed numerical algorithms.

Originality/value
– The idea of using the magnetic method to detect the plastic landmines is, to the best knowledge of the authors, new. For both methods, the numerical algorithms of objects’ parameters determination are original.
Co-production in chronic care: exploitation and empowerment
Authors: Essén Anna , Värlander Sara Winterstorm , Liljedal Karina T. 
Published: June 2016

PurposeMany scholars have urged firms to empower consumers to become co-producers, arguing that this empowerment leads to a win-win situation that benefits consumers and providers alike. However, critical voices have emphasised that co-production is a way to exploit rather than empower consumers and hence represents a win–lose idea that benefits providers only. Regrettably, these polarised positions remain disconnected and lack empirical investigation. The aim of the present study is to move the debate beyond this stalemate by integrating these perspectives using an empirical study to explore enabling and constraining implications of the attempts to “empower” consumers.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on a qualitative empirical study of an internationally unique example of a long-term co-production process in rheumatology care. Data were collected using both focused interviews and observations.FindingsThe study indicates that both the optimistic and the critical perspectives of co-production are valid and the implications of “empowering” consumers are two-edged.Research Limitations/implicationsThe study highlights the need to zoom in and analyse how empowering and disempowering mechanisms relate to specific aspects of particular co-production processes rather than to co-production as a general phenomenon.Practical ImplicationsThe empirical data illustrate the feasibility of employing patients in everyday healthcare production through simple means while raising numerous issues related to, for example, traditional healthcare roles and process design.Originality/valueThe present study of a unique, long-term co-production illustrates how both perspectives of co-production are valid.
Open versus selective customer loyalty programmes
Authors: Esmark Carol L. , Noble Stephanie M. , Bell John E. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the impact of an open loyalty programme (anyone can join) versus a selective programme (requirements must be met) to show what types of loyalty programmes are most effective. In-group identification, gratitude, stage of relationship and visibility are additionally examined.

Design/methodology/approach
Two studies use experimental methodology to initially test the relationships. A third study uses survey and panel data.

Findings
Open programmes lead to more in-group identification, while selective programmes lead to higher levels of gratitude, especially in mature stages. Visible programmes lead to more in-group identification. Industry differences are presented.

Research limitations/implications
The first two studies use a student sample (although Study 3 uses penal data). The research is limited to the variables examined. The findings add to theory by showing differences between open and selective loyalty programmes.

Practical implications
The findings show how different retailer offerings change the value and experience to the customer leading to loyalty intentions. Loyalty programme designers can tailor their programme structure to fit their customers and overall strategy. The findings also shed light on the strategic importance of tiered loyalty programmes.

Originality/value
The examination of how a customer enters a loyalty programme is not in current literature. The research shows how loyalty intentions are impacted by design of the programme, including how a customer signs up for a programme. The mechanisms through which the relationship works increase the understanding of loyalty programme effectiveness.
The future of Russian science through the prism of public policy
Authors: Gershman Mikhail , Kuznetsova Tatiana 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
During the past decade, Russian federal authorities have tried to build an effective national innovation system, strongly emphasizing a well-functioning science sector. The purpose of this paper is to look at future developments of Russian science from the perspective of recent policies and their perceptions by Russian scientists. Special emphasis is placed on the so-called “efficient contracts” policy for researchers which should make the remuneration system of public R&D organisations more competitive.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper examines the results of an extensive survey of almost 1,500 Russian scientists and managers at universities and public research organisations conducted by the authors in 2013 and recent statistical data and policy documents.

Findings
The paper concludes that some of the ambitious science and technology goals set by the government will be hard to achieve in the next decade. The scientific landscape is likely to experience certain structural changes but will probably face many of the existing problems. Improvements in overall R&D performance will largely depend on how well the “efficient contracts” policy is implemented.

Originality/value
The future development of Russian science is discussed based on major recent policy documents and the opinions of Russian scientists. The findings might be important for policy makers not only in Russia but other countries as well.
Reliability-based fracture analysis with uncertainty on material degradation
Authors: Astaraki Sohrab 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to quantify uncertainty design parameters of long service usage material and including their effects explicitly in analysis of fracture toughness for evaluation of reliability indexes.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this paper structural reliability algorithm was incorporated into comprehensive finite element software. In this algorithm, the limit state function and relative gradient of uncertainty parameters has been determined using finite element model.

Findings
– Results from this paper show that the effect of material degradation due to long service usage on the Young’s modulus for corroded samples and non-corroded samples are approximately 5 and 2.5 percent below the handbook value, respectively. The uncertainty in Young’s modulus is small, the randomness is unsymmetrical, and the dispersion is more above the mean than below the mean. The failure probability increases with the increasing uncertainty of Young’s modulus, and can be much larger than the probabilities calculated for a deterministic elasticity.

Originality/value
– Reliable structural analysis of aging aircraft is crucial of safe operation.
The sustainability and political agency of social cooperatives in Italy during the great recession
Authors: Riva Egidio , Garavaglia Emma 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which social cooperatives in Italy followed and managed to preserve their core values and principles while withstanding multiple pressures during the great recession. Attention is paid to two key issues. First, the concept of political agency is used to understand whether social cooperatives have been sensitive and committed to their role as key political players in the sustainable development of the community in which they operate. A further issue addressed is the impact of the post-2008 crisis on the quality of work and employment in social cooperatives.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper adopts a mixed-method social research approach. It integrates quantitative analysis of administrative data on business life cycle drawn from the Italian business registers with empirical evidence collected via in-depth interviews and focus groups on a sample of managers of social cooperatives and representatives of social cooperative associations and consortia.

Findings
– Findings suggest that the great recession and welfare state retrenchment have worsened the quality of work and employment. Nonetheless, evidence produced through qualitative research also shows that social cooperatives have proved to be well suited to displaying political agency and acting as a key political player at local level.

Research limitations/implications
– Results of field research are not generalizable.

Originality/value
– Comparatively higher resilience of cooperatives, which is very much attributable to their specific rationale and mission, may come at a cost. The literature has largely missed investigating this cost, which can also be measured in terms of consistency with core values. Indeed, the sustainability of cooperatives relates to economic indicators, such as employment and economic performance, but also to the social, cultural and political dimension of the enterprise. In this regard, this paper investigates the extent to which, during the post-2008 crisis, cooperative enterprises managed to preserve the quality of work and employment and play a political role in the welfare system.
Thailand tourism forecasting based on a hybrid of discrete wavelet decomposition and NARX neural network
Authors: Kummong Ratree , Supratid Siriporn 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– Accurate forecast of tourist arrivals is crucial for Thailand since the tourism industry is a major economic factor of the country. However, a nonstationarity, normally consisted in nonlinear tourism time series can seriously ruin the forecasting computation. The purpose of this paper is to propose a hybrid forecasting method, namely discrete wavelet decomposition (DWD)-NARX, which combines DWD and the nonlinear autoregressive neural network with exogenous input (NARX) to cope with such nonstationarity, as a consequence, improve the effectiveness of the demand-side management activities.

Design/methodology/approach
– According to DWD-NARX, wavelet decomposition is executed for efficiently extracting the hidden significant, temporal features contained in the nonstationary time series. Then, each extracted feature set at a particular resolution level along with a relative price as an exogenous input factor are fed into NARX for further forecasting. Finally, the forecasting results are reconstructed. Forecasting performance measures rely on mean absolute percentage error, mean absolute error as well as mean square error. Model overfitting avoidance is also considered.

Findings
– The results indicate the superiority of the DWD-NARX over other efficient related neural forecasters in the cases of high forecasting performance rate as well as competently coping with model overfitting.

Research limitations/implications
– The scope of this study is confined to Thailand tourist arrivals forecast based on short-term projection. To resolve such limitations, future research should aim to apply the generalization capability of DWD-NARX on other domains of managerial time series forecast under long-term projection environment. However, the exogenous input factor is to be empirically revised on domain-by-domain basis.

Originality/value
– Few works have been implemented either to handle the nonstationarity, consisted in nonlinear, unpredictable time series, or to achieve great success on finding an appropriate and effective exogenous forecasting input. This study applies DWD to attain efficient feature extraction; then, utilizes the competent forecaster, NARX. This would comprehensively and specifically deal with the nonstationarity difficulties at once. In addition, this study finds the effectiveness of simply using a relative price, generated based on six top-ranked original tourist countries as an exogenous forecasting input.