bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modern view on predicting outcomes after fetoscopic laser coagulation of placental anastomoses in polyuria-oliguria syndrome (review)
Authors: Pospelova Ya. Yu. , Kosovtsova N. V. 
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this literature review is to analyze the results of fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses, obtained in various studies published in foreign and domestic medical publications in recent years.Materials and methods. The review included published data over the last 10 years. The literature search was conducted in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Wiley and Cochrane Library databases.Result. As a result of the analysis, the main ultrasound and fetoscopic markers influencing the outcome of the surgical treatment were determined: the location of the placenta on the anterior and posterior walls, the location of the umbilical cord attachment, the number of placental anastomoses; abnormal graphs of blood flow rates in the umbilical cord arteries; the distance between the attachment points of the umbilical cord; dissociated growth of the fetuses; the duration of gestation and the stage of severity of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, as measured with the R. Quintero staging system, at the time of the operation; the experience of the operating surgeons; and the duration of the operation.Conclusion. Analysis of the literature data has shown that these markers are extremely unreliable in predicting the chances of survival for one or both fetuses. Further study of ultra-sound and fetoscopy predictors of adverse outcome of laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses will allow for a more balanced approach to the choice of surgical tactics and personalized consultations with patients.
Modern aspects of preimplantation genetic testing of embryos in assisted reproductive technology programs (literature review)
Authors: Bashmakova N. V. , Khramtsova A. Yu. , Danishevskaya A. A. 
Published: October 2024

Background. The success of assisted reproductive technologies depends on many factors, the main ones being the quality and genetic status of the embryo and endometrial receptivity. Preimplantation genetic testing is a tool that aims to reduce the risk of selecting an aneuploid embryo for transfer. Disputes surrounding the use of preimplantation genetic testing are conducted in the context of older patients, with recurrent miscarriage, with genetic karyotype abnormalities in a married couple, as well as multiple unsuccessful attempts at ART in the anamnesis.Purpose of review. To summarize and analyze the available data on current trends in the use of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT-A).Materials and methods. The review includes published data over the past 10 years regarding the eﬀectiveness of ART programs and pregnancy outcomes after the use of preimplantation genetic testing. The literature search was conducted in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Wiley and Cochrane Library databases.Results. According to most authors, preimplantation genetic testing does not improve live birth rates per patient in the general population, but it does improve live birth rates when performing PGT-A on blastocyst-stage embryos in women over 35 years of age, as well as in women with a history of pregnancy loss to reduce risk miscarriage of a subsequent pregnancy.Conclusion. Preimplantation genetic testing is a valid method for assessing euploidy and mosaicism of an embryo before transfer. The feasibility of use, according to research results, is more related to conditions in which the risk of embryonic aneuploidy may increase, and is justified in high-risk patients, while the use of this technique in patients with a good prognosis is still questionable. First, trophectoderm biopsies may not reflect the ploidy of the inner cell mass. Secondly, even if we assume that this is the case, we cannot be sure that the embryonic cell line will not self-correct. In other words, once a diagnosis of PGT-A is received suggesting mosaicism or aneuploidy, the likelihood of a false-positive diagnosis is high.
الاستمالات الإقناعية في الإعلانات التجارية لدى المؤثرين على شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي ودورها في تسويق المنتجات لدى الشباب الجامعي الأردني
Authors:   Mohammad O.  Shorman, Najadat Prof. Ali 
Published: October 2024

Persuasions Grooming' in Commercial Advertisements Among the Influencers on Social Media and Their Role in Marketing Products Among the University Jordanian Youth	The study aimed to identify the habits and patterns of university Jordanian youth’s exposure to advertisements presented by Social Media Influencers and their confidence in them and the persuasion techniques they contain. This study is classified as descriptive-analytical research, which relied on the survey methodology, where the sample of the study consisted of (393) items from the study community, represented by the students of Yarmouk University and Jadara University in the northern part of Jordan, who use social networks and follow the advertisements of influencers on them. To achieve the study's objectives, the researchers relied on the questionnaire as a data collection tool. The study found that the degree of university Jordanian youth’s follow-up to Social Media Influencers and their follow-up to commercial advertisements presented by them was (Medium), it also showed that the degree of university Jordanian youth’s confidence in commercial advertisements presented by influencers was also (Medium). The study showed that psychological persuasion ranked first as the most prominent persuasion that works to attract university youth to the advertisements presented by Social Media Influencers. The study also found that the most prominent factor that drives university Jordanian youth to pay attention to commercial advertisements presented by influencers is the influencer himself, followed by the way the advertisements are presented. It revealed a significant direct correlation between the extent to which university youth trust commercial advertisements submitted by Social Media Influencers and the extent to which they respond to advertisements submitted by them in terms of purchasing the product or not.
Novolac epoxy resin from 4,4′‐dihydroxybenzophenone: Thermal, thermomechanical, interfacial, and cure kinetics with DGEBA/DICY blend
Authors: Baby Monisha , Pal Ranajit , Francis Nimmy , Sudhi Suraj 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTA novolac epoxy resin based on 4,4′‐dihydroxybenzophenone (BZPNE) was synthesized via epoxidation of 4,4′‐dihydroxybenzophenone novolac resin (BZPN). BZPN was obtained by strong mineral acid catalyzed reaction of 4,4′‐dihydroxybenzophenone (BZP) and paraformaldehyde. The formation of BZPNE and BZPN was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and epoxy equivalent weight. Different blends of BZPNE with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA; EEW ∼180) were cured using dicyandiamide were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, thermomechanical analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, and interfacial property between aluminum adherends at ambient and elevated temperature. Thermal properties were found to improve on increasing quantity of BZPNE in DGEBA as it is evidenced from glass transition temperature (Tg). Likewise, no deterioration in interfacial properties was observed with the highest quantity of BZPNE (30%) in DGEBA blend, when tested at 150 °C. Cure kinetics of compositions were studied by nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry and Kissinger method was used to compute the kinetic parameters such as frequency factor (A), activation energy (Ea) followed by the dependency of rate constant (k) on temperature of different blends. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46164.
Strategies of valorization of sludge from wastewater treatment
Authors: Shi Shuai , Xu Guoren , Yu Huarong , Zhang Zhao 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSludge is regarded as a potential source to achieve valorization via strategies such as resource recovery, sludge based adsorbents preparation, bioflucculants production, sludge manufacturing construction materials preparation, sludge composting and thermal valorization, which are currently common and effective strategies. Appropriate treatment strategies of sludge are of great importance worldwide for the fast growing population and rapidly increasing waste. This mini review summarized some widely used and effective strategies to achieve sludge valorization based on whether the strategy would utilize or reuse the potential of sludge to obtain valuable product and eliminate secondary pollution. Anaerobic digestion of sludge is perceived as a potentially cost‐effective method to achieve sludge reduction and resource recovery including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus resource recovery coupled with other technologies. Utilizing sludge as raw material for preparation of valuable products including sludge based adsorbents, bioflocculants and construction materials is another aspect to achieve sludge valorization. Sludge composting and thermal valorization are also introduced in the mini review since the two strategies could also achieve sludge valorization. In addition, the strategies mentioned were discussed and analyzed in the mini review from environmental and economic aspects. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Polymer porous thin films obtained by direct spin coating
Authors: Álvarez‐Fernández Alberto , Valdés‐Bango Fernando , Losada‐Ambrinos Raquel , Martín José Ignacio , Vélez María , Alameda José María , García Alonso Francisco Javier 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFilms of four different nanostructures, namely micelles, filled cylinders, ring‐shaped porous nanostructures and hollow cylinders, can be prepared easily in a straightforward and simple way by spin coating onto a silicon plate toluene solutions of poly(styrene‐block‐4‐vinylpyridine) copolymer containing formic acid of increasing concentration. Despite the enormous progress in preparation of porous polymers, most of them require multiple steps. In this sense, this method represents an effort to obtain not only porous thin films but also other bidimensional nanostructures in a very simple way. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
High prevalence of dementia among community dwelling older adults in receipt of state funded home care packages: implications for health care planning
Authors: O’Brien I. , Smuts K. , Fan C. W. , O’Sullivan M. , Warters A. 
Published: December 2017

ObjectivesThe majority of people living with dementia in Ireland reside in their own homes, some supported by formal or informal home care. This audit aimed to estimate the prevalence of dementia and suspected cognitive impairment (CI) among older adults, 65+ years, in receipt of formal home care (domiciliary care) in a defined health service area in North Dublin. A secondary objective of the audit was to explore factors associated with dementia or CI in this cohort.MethodsA cross-sectional audit was conducted on all clients aged 65+ years actively receiving publicly funded home care packages (HCPs) during May 2016 in Healthcare Service Executive CHO9 Dublin North Central. A total of 935 urban community dwelling older adults were included in the study [mean age 83.7 (s.d. 7.4) years and 65% female]. Basic socio-demographic and health data were extracted from common summary assessment reports. Service users were categorised as having (a) dementia if a diagnosis of dementia or cognitive decline which impacts on independent living, was documented by a health professional or (b) suspected CI where a validated cognitive screening tool was applied and the score was indicative of mild CI.ResultsOverall, the estimated prevalence of dementia and suspected CI was 37.1% and 8.7%, respectively. Factors significantly associated with dementia and suspected CI were higher dependency and home care hours, communication difficulty and being non-self-caring (p<0.001). Notably, half (51.6%) of those with either dementia or suspected CI group lived alone.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a high prevalence dementia among HCP users, highlighting a need and opportunity for dementia-specific approaches to support older people in their homes.
A sink- or a source-driven carbon cycle at the geological timescale? Relative importance of palaeogeography versus solid Earth degassing rate in the Phanerozoic climatic evolution
Authors: GODDÉRIS YVES , DONNADIEU YANNICK 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe Phanerozoic evolution of the atmospheric CO2 level is controlled by the fluxes entering or leaving the exospheric system. In this contribution, we focus on the role played by the palaeogeographic configuration on the efficiency of the CO2 sink by continental silicate weathering, and on the impact of the magmatic degassing of CO2. We use the spatially resolved numerical model GEOCLIM to compute the response of the silicate weathering and atmospheric CO2 to continental drift for 22 time slices of the Phanerozoic. Regarding the CO2 released by the magmatic activity, we reconstruct several Phanerozoic histories of this flux, based on published indices. Again using the GEOCLIM model, we calculate the CO2 evolution for each degassing scenario. We show that the palaeogeographic setting is a main driver of the climate from 540 Ma to about the beginning of the Jurassic, with the noticeable exception of the Late Palaeozoic ice age. Regarding the role of the magmatic degassing, the various reconstructions do not converge towards a single signal, and thus introduce large uncertainties in the calculated CO2 level over time. Nevertheless, the continental dispersion, which prevails since the Jurassic, promotes CO2 consumption by weathering and forces atmospheric CO2 to stay low. Warm climates of the ‘middle’ Cretaceous and early Cenozoic require enhanced CO2 degassing by magmatic activity.
Cut(n) andcut(v) are not homophones: Lemma frequency affects the duration of noun–verb conversion pairs
Authors: LOHMANN ARNE 
Published: December 2017

This paper tests whether lemma frequency impacts the duration of homographic noun–verb homophones in spontaneous speech, e.g.cut(n)/cut(v). In earlier research on effects of lemma frequency (e.g. Gahl 2008), these pairs of words were not investigated due to a focus on heterographic homophones. Theories of the mental lexicon in both linguistics and psycholinguistics differ as to whether these word pairs are assumed to have shared or separate lexical representations. An empirical analysis based on spontaneous speech from the Buckeye corpus (Pitt et al. 2007) yields the result that differences in lemma frequency affect the duration of the N/V pairs under investigation. First, this finding provides evidence for N/V pairs having separate representations and thus supports models of the mental lexicon in which lexical entries are specified for word class. Second, the result is at odds with an account of ‘full inheritance’ of frequency across homophones and consequently with speech production models implementing inheritance effects via a shared form representation for homophonous words. The findings are best accounted for in a model that assumes completely separate lexical representations for homophonous words.
Hydrogen and oxygen isotope composition of precipitation and stream water on sub-Antarctic Marion Island
Authors: Stowe M-J. , Harris Chris , Hedding David , Eckardt Frank , Nel Werner 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe measured the hydrogen and oxygen isotope composition (δ2H and δ18O) of precipitation and stream water from the Soft Plume River at multiple spatiotemporal scales on sub-Antarctic Marion Island, Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. Monthly precipitation δ2H and δ18O values ranged from -43.7‰ to -14.7‰ and from -7.0‰ to -3.3‰ (n=13), respectively. Stream water values ranged from -48.0‰ to -25.4‰ for δ2H and from -7.6‰ to -4.0‰ for δ18O (n=92). The monthly precipitation data yielded a local meteoric water line with the equation δ2H=8.4δ18O+11.4. There was no clear seasonality in isotope composition present in precipitation and stream water. Along the stream, no significant difference was observed between sites. However, δ2H and δ18O values were lower and more variable at the highest site. This is probably the result of the ‘amount effect’, where more precipitation fell at a higher elevation compared with a downstream site in the catchment. The findings illustrate spatiotemporal patterns in precipitation and stream water isotopes and provide insight into mechanisms affecting their composition on sub-Antarctic Marion Island.
Mouse predation affects breeding success of burrow-nesting petrels at sub-Antarctic Marion Island
Authors: Dilley Ben J. , Schoombie Stefan , Stevens Kim , Davies Delia , Perold Vonica , Osborne Alexis , Schoombie Janine , Brink Christiaan W. , Carpenter-Kling Tegan , Ryan Peter G. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe report the breeding success of four species of burrow-nesting petrels at sub-Antarctic Marion Island where house miceMus musculusare the sole introduced mammal. Feral catsFelis catuswere present on Marion for four decades from 1949, killing millions of seabirds and greatly reducing petrel populations. Cats were eradicated by 1991, but petrel populations have shown only marginal recoveries. We hypothesize that mice are suppressing their recovery through depredation of petrel eggs and chicks. Breeding success for winter breeders (grey petrelsProcellaria cinerea(34±21%) and great-winged petrelsPterodroma macroptera(52±7%)) were lower than for summer breeders (blue petrelsHalobaena caerulea(61±6%) and white-chinned petrelsProcellaria aequinoctialis(59±6%)) and among winter breeders most chick fatalities were of small chicks up to 14 days old. We assessed the extent of mouse predation by monitoring the inside of 55 burrow chambers with video surveillance cameras (4024 film days from 2012–16) and recorded fatal attacks on grey (3/18 nests filmed, 17%) and great-winged petrel chicks (1/19, 5%). Our results show that burrow-nesting petrels are at risk from mouse predation, providing further motivation for the eradication of mice from Marion Island.
Gravity mode offset and properties of the evanescent zone in red-giant stars
Authors: Hekker S. , Elsworth Y. , Angelou G. C. 
Published: December 2017

Context. The wealth of asteroseismic data for red-giant stars and the precision with which these data have been observed over the last decade calls for investigations to further understand the internal structures of these stars. Aim. The aim of this work is to validate a method to measure the underlying period spacing, coupling term, and mode offset of pure gravity modes that are present in the deep interiors of red-giant stars. We subsequently investigate the physical conditions of the evanescent zone between the gravity mode cavity and the pressure mode cavity. Methods. We implement an alternative mathematical description compared to what is used in the literature to analyse observational data and to extract the underlying physical parameters that determine the frequencies of mixed modes. This description takes the radial order of the modes explicitly into account, which reduces its sensitivity to aliases. Additionally, and for the first time, this method allows us to constrain the gravity mode offset ϵg for red-giant stars. Results. We find that this alternative mathematical description allows us to determine the period spacing ΔΠ and the coupling term q for the dipole modes within a few percent of values found in the literature. Additionally, we find that ϵg varies on a star-by-star basis and should not be kept fixed in the analysis. Furthermore, we find that the coupling factor is logarithmically related to the physical width of the evanescent region normalised by the radius at which the evanescent zone is located. Finally, the local density contrast at the edge of the core of red-giant branch models shows a tentative correlation with the offset ϵg. Conclusions. We are continuing to exploit the full potential of the mixed modes to investigate the internal structures of red-giant stars; in this case we focus on the evanescent zone. It remains, however, important to perform comparisons between observations and models with great care as the methods employed are sensitive to the range of input frequencies.
Structure of the Balmer jump
Authors: Calvo F. , Belluzzi L. , Steiner O. 
Published: December 2017

Context.The spectrum of the hydrogen atom was explained by Bohr more than one century ago. We revisit here some of the aspects of the underlying quantum structure, with a modern formalism, focusing on the limit of the Balmer series.Aims.We investigate the behaviour of the absorption coefficient of the isolated hydrogen atom in the neighbourhood of the Balmer limit.Methods.We analytically computed the total cross-section arising from bound-bound and bound-free transitions in the isolated hydrogen atom at the Balmer limit, and established a simplified semi-analytical model for the surroundings of that limit. We worked within the framework of the formalism of Landi Degl’Innocenti & Landolfi (2004, Astrophys. Space Sci. Lib., 307), which permits an almost straight-forward generalization of our results to other atoms and molecules, and which is perfectly suitable for including polarization phenomena in the problem.Results.We analytically show that there is no discontinuity at the Balmer limit, even though the concept of a “Balmer jump” is still meaningful. Furthermore, we give a possible definition of the location of the Balmer jump, and we check that this location is dependent on the broadening mechanisms. At the Balmer limit, we compute the cross-section in a fully analytical way.Conclusions.The Balmer jump is produced by a rapid drop of the total Balmer cross-section, yet this variation is smooth and continuous when both bound-bound and bound-free processes are taken into account, and its shape and location is dependent on the broadening mechanisms.
Interior structures and tidal heating in the TRAPPIST-1 planets
Authors: Barr Amy C. , Dobos Vera , Kiss László L. 
Published: December 2017

Context. With seven planets, the TRAPPIST-1 system has among the largest number of exoplanets discovered in a single system so far. The system is of astrobiological interest, because three of its planets orbit in the habitable zone of the ultracool M dwarf.
Aims. We aim to determine interior structures for each planet and estimate the temperatures of their rock mantles due to a balance between tidal heating and convective heat transport to assess their habitability. We also aim to determine the precision in mass and radius necessary to determine the planets’ compositions.
Methods. Assuming the planets are composed of uniform-density noncompressible materials (iron, rock, H2O), we determine possible compositional models and interior structures for each planet. We also construct a tidal heat generation model using a single uniform viscosity and rigidity based on each planet’s composition.
Results. The compositions for planets b, c, d, and e remain uncertain given the error bars on mass and radius. With the exception of TRAPPIST-1c, all have densities low enough to indicate the presence of significant H2O. Planets b and c experience enough heating from planetary tides to maintain magma oceans in their rock mantles; planet c may have surface eruptions of silicate magma, potentially detectable with next-generation instrumentation. Tidal heat fluxes on planets d, e, and f are twenty times higher than Earth’s mean heat flow.
Conclusions. Planets d and e are the most likely to be habitable. Planet d avoids the runaway greenhouse state if its albedo is ≳0.3. Determining the planet’s masses within ~0.1–0.5 Earth masses would confirm or rule out the presence of H2O and/or iron. Understanding the geodynamics of ice-rich planets f, g, and h requires more sophisticated modeling that can self-consistently balance heat production and transport in both rock and ice layers.