bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information geometry, simulation and complexity in Gaussian random fields
Authors: Levada Alexandre L. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Random fields are useful mathematical objects in the characterization of non-deterministic complex systems. A fundamental issue in the evolution of dynamical systems is how intrinsic properties of such structures change in time. In this paper, we propose to quantify how changes in the spatial dependence structure affect the Riemannian metric tensor that equips the model's parametric space. Defining Fisher curves, we measure the variations in each component of the metric tensor when visiting different entropic states of the system. Simulations show that the geometric deformations induced by the metric tensor in case of a decrease in the inverse temperature are not reversible for an increase of the same amount, provided there is significant variation in the system's entropy: the process of taking a system from a lower entropy state A to a higher entropy state B and then bringing it back to A, induces a natural intrinsic one-way direction of evolution. In this context, Fisher curves resemble mathematical models of hysteresis in which the natural orientation is pointed by an arrow of time.
Ist sportlicher Erfolg käuflich? Eine diskriminanzanalytische Untersuchung der zentralen Erfolgsfaktoren in der Fußball-Bundesliga / Unlimited Venality of Sporting Success? A Differentiating Analysis of Success Related Factors Concerning the First German Soccer League
Authors: Ziebs Alexander 
Published: May 2016

Zusammenfassung
Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags soll der Versuch unternommen werden, eine Antwort auf die Frage zu geben, welche Faktoren für den sportlichen Erfolg im modernen Berufsfußball verantwortlich sind bzw. hinsichtlich welcher Faktoren sich die sportlich erfolgreichen Vereine von den weniger erfolgreichen Vereinen unterscheiden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist insbesondere von Interesse, ob der sportliche Erfolg, wie vielfach behauptet wird, ausschließlich von monetären Faktoren determiniert wird und damit sprichwörtlich käuflich ist. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine diskriminanzanalytische Untersuchung möglicher Erfolgsfaktoren durchgeführt, wobei es das umfangreich verfügbare Datenmaterial erlaubt, insgesamt 18 erfolgsrelevante Merkmalsvariablen in die Analysen einzubeziehen.
Beiträge / Contributions. Sportaktivität, Substanzkonsum und Ernährungsverhalten im Jugendalter / Sports Activity, Substance Consumption, and Nutrional Behavior During Adolescence
Authors: Raithel Jürgen 
Published: May 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Sportbeteiligung werden vielfach gesundheitsförderliche Potenziale zugesprochen. Im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrags steht die Analyse des Substanzkonsums und des Ernährungsverhaltens. Vor dem Hintergrund eines stresstheoretischen Sozialisationsmodells werden gleichfalls personale und soziale Ressourcen berücksichtigt. Datengrundlage bilden Aussagen von 602 Jugendlichen zwischen 15 und 18 Jahren, die anhand eines standardisierten Erhebungsinstruments schriftlich befragt wurden. Die Datenauswertung erfolgte über Mittelwert-Vergleiche, multiple Regressionsanalysen und ein Strukturgleichungsmodell. Die Befunde spiegeln ein insgesamt eher ernüchterndes Ergebnis bezüglich der vermeintlichen Potenzialität des Sports wider. Lediglich für den Zigarettenkonsum und eine hochwertige Ernährung lassen sich positive Zusammenhänge mit der Sportbeteiligung bestätigen.
Organizational Structures of Swedish Elite Ice Hockey Clubs / Organisationsstrukturen von Schwedischen Spitzenclubs im Eishockey
Authors: Fahlén Josef 
Published: May 2016

Summary
This paper reports on an analysis of organizational structures in Swedish elite ice hockey and is concerned with the organization at club level, its similarities and differences with regard to the clubs’ structural dimensions: specialization, standardization and centralization. Findings are based on structured interviews with the general managers of 11 clubs represented in the Swedish elite league (the first division) and on official and unofficial documents. The results, categorizing the clubs for each of these three structural dimensions into Law, Medium, and High, reveal some smaller variations in structural features, but mainly similarities, explained using the concept of adaptive isomorphism.
Sport und EG/EU – Ein horizontales oder vertikales Thema? Eine Zwischenbilanz der ersten dreißig Jahre (1974–2004) / Sport and EC/EU – A Horizontal or a Vertical Topic? Revisiting Developments in the First Three Decades (1974–2004)
Authors: Kornbeck Jacob 
Published: May 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Aufsatz untersucht die „Horizontalität“ bzw. „Vertikalität“ des Themas „Sport“ im EG/EU-Prozess der letzten dreißig Jahre (1974-2004). Die Unterscheidung Horizontalität/Vertikalität bezieht sich hierbei auf interne Strukturen der Union und nicht auf das Verhältnis Union/Mitgliedstaaten. Anhand genereller Entwicklungslinien wird gefragt, ob Sport ein horizontales Thema darstellt, das in andere Themenfelder eingreift, oder aber ein eigenständiges, vertikales Thema ist. Der Beitrag kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Realität nach wie vor eine Mischung aus Horizontalität und Vertikalität ist, dass aber das Prinzip der Vertikalität verstärkt wurde. Es wird auch klar, dass die Rechtsprechung als Motor der Entwicklung eine herausragende Rolle spielte.
Erratum. Sport Im Inklusionsprofil der Bevölkerung Deutschlands - Ergebnisse einer differenzierungstheoretisch angelegten empirischen Untersuchung / Sports as an Inclusion Profile of the German Population - Results of a Differential-Theoretical Designed Empirical Study
Authors: Schimank Uwe , Schöneck Nadine M. 
Published: May 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag stellt eine differenzierungstheoretische Perspektive auf Sportbeteiligung und Sportinteresse der Erwachsenenbevölkerung vor. Zugrunde liegen empirische Daten aus einer eigenen repräsentativen Bevölkerungsumfrage in Deutschland vom Herbst 2003, in der die Inklusion der Erwachsenen in sämtliche gesellschaftlichen Teilsysteme ermittelt wurde. Die Inklusion in den Sport wird mit Bezug auf die sekundäre Leistungsrolle des Breitensportlers und die Publikumsrolle des Sportzuschauers betrachtet; sodann wird möglichen Zusammenhängen zwischen der Ausprägung der Inklusion in den Sport mit ungleichheitstheoretisch geläufigen Merkmalen sozialer Lage, darüber hinaus dann auch mit der Ausprägung anderer Inklusionsverhältnisse nachgegangen.
Money talks – A qualitative analysis of the organizational change connected with the corporation formation of a voluntary sport club / Money talks – Eine qualitative Analyse des organisationalen Wandels und der Korporationsbildung in einem freiwilligen Sportverein
Authors: Fahlén Josef , Stenling Cecilia , Vestin Ludvig 
Published: May 2016

Summary
The purpose of this study was to illustrate and analyze the organizational change the Swedish voluntary sports club IF Björklöven went through in connection with the corporation formation of its representative team. The study was made with institutional theory as a theoretical frame of reference. Particularly important for the shaping of the study was a theoretical model by Greenwood and Hinings (1996). The data was collected using semi-structured interviews with seven respondents representing different parts of the organization. The results show that the change process was driven and enabled for the most part by the offer of SEK 22.5 million from an external financier. The restructuring has brought about a change in the way Björklöven thinks about the outcome, purpose, structure and goals of the organization, now that the organization is moving towards a more market-oriented way of organizing.
Patterns of Kidney Function Decline Associated with APOL1 Genotypes: Results from AASK
Authors: Tin Adrienne , Grams Morgan E. , Estrella Michelle , Lipkowitz Michael , Greene Tom H. , Kao Wen Hong Linda , Li Liang , Appel Lawrence J. 
Published: May 2016

Background and objectives
Trajectories of eGFR in patients with CKD are highly variable. Only a subset of patients with CKD experiences a steady decline in eGFR. The objective of our study was to investigate whether eGFR trajectory patterns differ by APOL1 risk status.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Our study was a longitudinal observational study of 622 participants in the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension with APOL1 genotyping and sufficient follow-up for estimating GFR trajectories. The predictor was APOL1 high–risk status (having two copies of the G1 or G2 risk alleles) versus low-risk status (zero or one copy of the risk alleles), and the outcome was four eGFR trajectory patterns on the basis of the joint probabilities of linearity and progression: steady decline, unsteady decline, steady stable, and unsteady stable.

Results
Over a median follow-up of 9 years, 24.0% of participants experienced steady eGFR decline, 25.9% had an unsteady decline, 25.6% were steady and stable, and 24.6% were unsteady but stable. Those experiencing steady decline had lower eGFR and higher urine protein-to-creatinine ratio at baseline than participants with the other eGFR trajectory patterns. The APOL1 high–risk group was associated with a greater odds for the steady decline pattern than the APOL1 low–risk group (unadjusted odds ratio, 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.62 to 3.69). This association remained significant after adjusting for demographic factors, baseline eGFR, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, treatment assignment, and follow-up time (adjusted odds ratio, 1.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 2.52).

Conclusions
Among patients with CKD attributed to hypertension, those with the APOL1 high–risk genotype were more likely to experience a steady decline trajectory in eGFR than those without the APOL1 high–risk genotype. These findings suggest a persistent underlying pathophysiologic process in those patients with the APOL1 high–risk genotype.
Les « nouvelles formes de famille » en Italie
Authors: Viazzo Pier Paolo , González Díez Javier , Martinez Odile 
Published: May 2016

En Italie, depuis le milieu du xx	e	siècle, la famille a connu dans un premier temps un processus de « nucléarisation », suivi de multiples métamorphoses liées au déclin progressif du mariage. D’aucuns interprètent ces tendances comme la preuve d’une convergence vers des valeurs Nord-Européennes ; pour d’autres chercheurs, des différences culturelles persistent, dont témoigne la force bien plus contraignante des liens de parenté. L’article offre une perspective anthropologique sur ces questions et s’interroge sur le rôle que la « parenté élective » pourrait jouer pour affronter les effets cumulés de la crise économique, du vieillissement de la population et de la diminution des formes d’assistance sociale.
« D’autres familles »
Authors: Grilli Simonetta , Martinez Odile 
Published: May 2016

L’article analyse l’expérience de la parentalité gay et lesbienne en Italie à partir du rôle joué par l’association Famiglie Arcobaleno (Familles arc-en-ciel) dans la définition de l’homoparentalité et de sa légitimation sociale. Le questionnement porte en particulier sur la façon dont ceux qui sont directement engagés dans l’action militante se montrent sur la scène publique pour obtenir le consensus social sur eux-mêmes et sur leurs propres choix. La transparence et la visibilité totale de leur intimité familiale sont à la base de la stratégie adoptée par les parents homosexuels pour se légitimer en tant que parentalité « normale ».
Les autorités de la Pologne en exil et l’état clandestin polonais
Authors: Salmonowicz Stanisław 
Published: May 2016

Contrairement aux affirmations nazies et soviétiques, la débâcle de septembre 1939 ne signifiait pas la fin de l’État polonais. Son existence se maintenait sur le plan juridique, y compris international avec les autorités suprêmes résidant en exil : d’abord en France, ensuite en Grande Bretagne, et par le biais de la résistance civique multiforme, ayant surtout un caractère non militaire. L’ampleur de celle-ci et la reconnaissance naturelle de l’autorité du gouvernement en exil a formé le phénomène dit de l’État clandestin polonais (Polskie Państwo Podziemne – PPP). L’article présente exhaustivement les différentes formes de l’action de PPP, qui évoluèrent avec le temps, de même que la position internationale de la Pologne au cours de la guerre.
Three-dimensional finite element modeling for post-buckling analysis of cracked columns
Authors: Bouboulas Athanasios , Anifantis Nikolaos 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of crack surfaces contact on the post-buckling behavior of a slender column with a non-propagating crack.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this paper a 3D finite element model has been implemented to study the post-buckling behavior of a slender column with a non-propagating crack. According to this model, the column is discretized into three-dimensional solid elements. Contact conditions are considered between the crack surfaces. The non-linear equations for this model are solved using an incremental-iterative procedure, and the equilibrium path of the cracked column is extracted.

Findings
– Load-displacement curves are presented for a cantilever column with a transverse surface crack of either uniform or non-uniform depth across the column cross-section. For both crack shapes, the load-displacement curves are presented for various values of crack depth and position. The results of this study are in good agreement with the results available in the literature. Comparisons with the results of the always-open crack were performed. The post-buckling behavior of a column with a uniform depth crack is more sensitive to variations in crack depth and position than the post-buckling behavior of a column with a non-uniform depth crack.

Originality/value
– A 3D finite element approach for the post-buckling behavior of a transversely cracked column including contact between crack surfaces.
Tidal disruption of Phobos as the cause of surface fractures
Authors: Hurford T. A. , Asphaug E. , Spitale J. N. , Hemingway D. , Rhoden A. R. , Henning W. G. , Bills B. G. , Kattenhorn S. A. , Walker M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPhobos, the innermost satellite of Mars, displays an extensive system of grooves that are mostly symmetric about its sub‐Mars point. Phobos is steadily spiraling inward due to the tides it raises on Mars lagging behind Phobos' orbital position and will suffer tidal disruption before colliding with Mars in a few tens of millions of years. We calculate the surface stress field of the deorbiting satellite and show that the first signs of tidal disruption are already present on its surface. Most of Phobos' prominent grooves have an excellent correlation with computed stress orientations. The model requires a weak interior that has very low rigidity on the tidal evolution time scale, overlain by an ~10–100 m exterior shell that has elastic properties similar to lunar regolith as described by Horvath et al. (1980).
A climate network‐based index to discriminate different types of El Niño and La Niña
Authors: Wiedermann Marc , Radebach Alexander , Donges Jonathan F. , Kurths Jürgen , Donner Reik V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEl Niño exhibits distinct Eastern Pacific (EP) and Central Pacific (CP) types which are commonly, but not always consistently, distinguished from each other by different signatures in equatorial climate variability. Here we propose an index based on evolving climate networks to objectively discriminate between both flavors by utilizing a scalar‐valued measure that quantifies spatial localization and dispersion in global teleconnections of surface air temperature. Our index displays a sharp peak (high localization) during EP events, whereas during CP events (larger dispersion) it remains close to the values observed during normal periods. In contrast to previous classification schemes, our approach specifically accounts for El Niño's global impacts. We confirm recent El Niño classifications for the years 1951 to 2014 and assign types to those cases where former works yielded ambiguous results. Ultimately, we demonstrate that our index provides a similar discrimination of La Niña episodes into two distinct types.
Interpretation of the zebra pattern in the Jovian kilometric radiation
Authors: Zlotnik E. Ya. , Shaposhnikov V. E. , Zaitsev V. V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe origin of a fine structure as quasi‐harmonic parallel drifting stripes of enhanced brightness (zebra pattern) in the dynamic spectrum of Jovian kilometric radiation is discussed. A possible interpretation of the observed structure based on the effect of double plasma resonance (DPR) in the Jupiter magnetosphere is analyzed. It is shown that the observed features of the zebra pattern cannot be attributed to the DPR effect at electron cyclotron harmonics. The proposed scheme consists of excitation of ion cyclotron waves at the low hybrid frequency in the ion DPR regions and succeeding coalescence of these waves with a longitudinal wave at the upper hybrid frequency. The source parameters necessary for matching the expected and observed properties of the Jupiter zebra pattern are discussed.
Clinical characteristics of non‐convulsive status epilepticus diagnosed by simplified continuous electroencephalogram monitoring at an emergency intensive care unit
Authors: Egawa Satoshi , Hifumi Toru , Kawakita Kenya , Manabe Arisa , Nakashima Ryuta , Matsumura Hikari , Okazaki Tomoya , Hamaya Hideyuki , Shinohara Natsuyo , Shishido Hajime , Takano Koshiro , Abe Yuko , Hagiike Masanobu , Kubota Yuichi , Kuroda Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2016

AimThe present study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics of non‐convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in patients with altered mental status (AMS).MethodsThis single‐center retrospective study comprised 149 patients who were hospitalized between March 1, 2015 and September 30, 2015 at the emergency intensive care unit (ICU) of the Kagawa University Hospital (Kagawa, Japan). The primary outcome was NCSE incidence. The secondary outcome was the comparison of duration of ICU stay, hospital stay, and a favorable neurological outcome, as assessed using the modified Rankin Scale score, at discharge from our hospital between patients with and without NCSE. Favorable neurological outcome and poor neurological outcome were defined as modified Rankin Scale scores of 0–2 and 3–6, respectively.ResultsSimplified continuous electroencephalogram was used to monitor 36 patients (median age, 68 years; 69.4% males) with acute AMS; among them, NCSE was observed in 11 (30.1%) patients. Rates of favorable neurological outcome, duration of ICU stay, and hospital stay were not significantly different between the NCSE and non‐NCSE groups (P = 0.45, P = 0.30, and P = 0.26, respectively).ConclusionApproximately 30% of the patients with AMS admitted to emergency ICUs developed NCSE. The outcomes of AMS patients with and without NCSE did not differ significantly when appropriate medical attention and antiepileptic drugs were initiated. Simplified continuous electroencephalogram monitoring may be recommended in patients with AMS in emergency ICU to obtain early detection of NCSE followed by appropriate intervention.
Melt rheological studies of polypropylene filled with coconut water treated and untreated fly ash
Authors: Radhakrishnan S. , Kulkarni M. B. , Samarth Nikesh , Mahanwar P. A. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe melt rheology of polypropylene (PP) filled with fly ash (FA) before and after treatment with coconut water (CW) was studied for different concentration of the filler. The fly ash after coconut water treatment clearly showed additional peaks in the infrared (IR) spectra corresponding to the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups indicating good adsorption of CW on FA. The X‐ray diffraction of melt compounded PP filled with CW‐treated (CWT) FA showed large reduction of the main silica peak of FA and considerable broadening of Mullite and hematite peaks suggesting formation of fine particles by this treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the drastic reduction of particle size in these composites. The melt rheological studies for these composites indicated considerable increase in viscosity at low filler loading for CW treated FA. The concentration dependence of melt viscosity did not follow any of the theoretical equations suggested in literature. Although, the behavior was similar to nanoparticle‐filled polymers, there were some differences especially above the critical concentration of 4.5% by volume. The frequency dependence of storage and loss modulus indicated crossover point clearly, which was greatly affected by CW treatment. The Cole–Cole plots of real and imaginary part of melt viscosity brought out the broad distribution of relaxation time for the CW treated FA. The CW treated FA melt compounded with PP gave rise to nanocomposites with uniform dispersion. However, above 4.5% by volume, there appears to be agglomerate formation along with a thin interfacial layer, which assists the melt flow even at high filler loading. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43900.
A miRNAs panel promotes the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by targeting GABBR1
Authors: Longqiu Yang , Pengcheng Luo , Xuejie Fei , Peng Zhang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the regulation of colorectal cancer. Despite the expression of miR‐17‐92 cluster in cancer has been gradually revealed, the role of each individual miRNAs in colorectal cancer still remains unclear. We studied the impact of miR‐106a/b, miR‐20a/b, and miR‐17 of miR‐17‐92 cluster on colorectal cancer cells. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (RT‐PCR) were used to test these five miRNAs expression in colorectal cancer cell line HCT116. 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), and Transwell invasion assays were used to explore the effects of these five miRNAs in colorectal cancer cells. Luciferase reporter assay, RT‐PCR, and western blotting were performed to validate the interaction of these five miRNAs with the gamma‐amino‐butyric acid type B receptor 1(GABBR1). We found that these five miRNAs were significantly upregulated in colorectal cancer samples compared with normal tissues. Forced expression of these five miRNAs significantly promoted HCT116 and HT‐29 cells proliferation and invasion. We further found that these five miRNAs function as oncogenes in colorectal cancer by specifically binding to the 3‐untranslated regions (3′UTR) of GABBR1.Furthermore, inhibition of GABBR1 could mimic the function of miRNAs in HCT116 cells, while overexpression of GABBR1 blocked the function of miRNAs‐promoted proliferation and invasion. In conclusion, miR‐106a/b, miR‐20a/b, and miR‐17 contribute to the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer by targeting their common target gene, GABBR1, and played a critical role in the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: Ion Implantation and Annealing Effects on the Superconductivity and Microstructure of BiSrCaCuO Superconducting Films.
Authors: LIN W. T. , LIN H. S. , CHU Y. L. , FANG Y. K. , WU P. T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIt is found that the superconducting onset temp., Tc (onset), of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (2212) films, prepared by dc sputtering and subsequent annealing, decreases progressively with increasing ion dose (140 keV B+ implantation).
ChemInform Abstract: Electrocatalysis of Anodic Oxygen Transfer Reactions: Oxidation of Cyanide at Electrodeposited Copper Oxide Electrodes in Alkaline Media.
Authors: WELS B. , JOHNSON D. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCuO films are readily deposited on a rotating disk electrode (Pt/stainless steel) from alkaline solutions containing Na3Cu(CN)4.