bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sulfur‐Doped Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots as Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Generation in the Aqueous Phase
Authors: Gliniak Jacek , Lin Jia‐Hoa , Chen Yi‐Ting , Li Chuen‐Ru , Jokar Efat , Chang Chin‐Hao , Peng Chun‐Sheng , Lin Jui‐Nien , Lien Wan‐Hsiang , Tsai Hui‐Min , Wu Tung‐Kung 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSulfur‐doped graphene oxide quantum dots (S‐GOQDs) were synthesized and investigated for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation application. The UV/Vis, FTIR, and photoluminescence spectra of the synthesized S‐GOQDs exhibit three absorption bands at 333, 395, and 524 nm, characteristic of C=S and C−S stretching vibration signals at 1075 and 690 cm−1, and two excitation‐wavelength‐independent emission signals with maxima at 451 and 520 nm, respectively, confirming the successful doping of S atom into the GOQDs. Electronic structural analysis suggested that the S‐GOQDs exhibit conduction band minimum (CBM) and valence band maximum (VBM) levels suitable for water splitting. Under direct sunlight irradiation, an initial rate of 18 166 μmol h−1 g−1 in pure water and 30 519 μmol h−1 g−1 in 80 % ethanol aqueous solution were obtained. Therefore, metal‐free and inexpensive S‐GOQDs hold great potential in the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen generation from water splitting.
Simultaneous estimation of diet composition and calibration coefficients with fatty acid signature data
Authors: Bromaghin Jeffrey F. , Budge Suzanne M. , Thiemann Gregory W. , Rode Karyn D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractKnowledge of animal diets provides essential insights into their life history and ecology, although diet estimation is challenging and remains an active area of research. Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) has become a popular method of estimating diet composition, especially for marine species. A primary assumption of QFASA is that constants called calibration coefficients, which account for the differential metabolism of individual fatty acids, are known. In practice, however, calibration coefficients are not known, but rather have been estimated in feeding trials with captive animals of a limited number of model species. The impossibility of verifying the accuracy of feeding trial derived calibration coefficients to estimate the diets of wild animals is a foundational problem with QFASA that has generated considerable criticism. We present a new model that allows simultaneous estimation of diet composition and calibration coefficients based only on fatty acid signature samples from wild predators and potential prey. Our model performed almost flawlessly in four tests with constructed examples, estimating both diet proportions and calibration coefficients with essentially no error. We also applied the model to data from Chukchi Sea polar bears, obtaining diet estimates that were more diverse than estimates conditioned on feeding trial calibration coefficients. Our model avoids bias in diet estimates caused by conditioning on inaccurate calibration coefficients, invalidates the primary criticism of QFASA, eliminates the need to conduct feeding trials solely for diet estimation, and consequently expands the utility of fatty acid data to investigate aspects of ecology linked to animal diets.
Methodology for practical seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings with historical value
Authors: Pardalopoulos Stylianos I. , Pantazopoulou Stavroula J. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryHistorical constructions are part of the world heritage, and their survival is an important priority. Comprising mostly unreinforced, load‐bearing masonry, heritage buildings may date anywhere from antiquity to the 19th and early 20th century. Being exposed to the elements over the years, they are in various states of disrepair and material degradation. Based on postearthquake reconnaissance reports, these structures occasionally behave rather poorly, even in moderate seismic events, undergoing catastrophic damage and collapse, whereas retrofitting is governed by international conventions regarding noninvasiveness and reversibility of the intervention. The complexity of their structural systems (continuous structural components, lack of diaphragm action, material brittleness, and variability) challenges the established methods of condition assessment of preretrofitted and postretrofitted heritage constructions. The most advanced state of the art in materials and analysis tools is required, far more complex than with conventional buildings. Thus, an assessment procedure specifically geared to this class of structures is urgently needed, in order to assist engineers in this endeavor. The objective of this paper is the development of a performance‐based assessment framework that is palatable to practitioners and quite accurate in seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings with no diaphragm action. The underlying theoretical background of the method is illustrated with reference to first principles: global demand is obtained from the design earthquake scenario for the region, using empirical estimates for the prevailing translational period of the system; deformation demands are localized using an approximation to the translational 3‐D shape of lateral response, estimated using a uniform gravitational field in the direction of action of the earthquake; acceptance criteria are specified in terms of relative drift ratios, referring to the in‐plane and the out‐of‐plane action of the masonry piers. The quantitative accuracy of the introduced procedure is evaluated through comparison with detailed time‐history dynamic analysis results, using a real life example case study. Qualitative relevance of the results is evaluated through comparison of the location and extent of anticipated damage estimated from the proposed assessment procedure, with reported records of the building damages that occurred during a significant past earthquake event.
Acetyl‐CoA production from pyruvate is not necessary for preservation of myelin
Authors: Della‐Flora Nunes Gustavo , Mueller Lauren , Silvestri Nicholas , Patel Mulchand S. , Wrabetz Lawrence , Feltri M. Laura , Poitelon Yannick 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOligodendrocytes and Schwann cells not only form myelin in the central and peripheral nervous system, but also provide metabolic and trophic support to the axons they ensheathe. Acetyl‐CoA is potentially a key molecule in Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes because it is at the crossroads of cellular lipid biosynthesis and energy generation. The main route for acetyl‐CoA production is the oxidation of pyruvate by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). PDC deficiency in humans results in neurodegeneration and developmental impairments in both white and gray matter structures. To address the importance of PDC in myelinating glia, we deleted Pdha1 gene specifically in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. Surprisingly, sciatic and optic nerve morphology and the motor performance of Pdha1f/Y; CnpCre/+ mice are undistinguishable from those of controls at 1 month of age. In addition, myelin is stably maintained for at least 10 months. However, Pdha1f/Y; CnpCre/+ mice showed reduced fiber density and signs of axonal degeneration in both sciatic and optic nerves from 6 months of age. In contrast, 10 month‐old mice bearing a floxed Pdha1 gene with either P0‐Cre (expressed only by Schwann cells) or NG2‐CreER (expressed in oligodendrocyte precursor cells) do not show any sign of axonal pathology or alterations in myelin structure or thickness. This indicates that the axonopathy is specific to the Pdha1f/Y; CnpCre/+ mice. Taken together, these results suggest that acetyl‐CoA derived from pyruvate is not necessary for myelin maintenance and, thus, myelin‐forming cells are not likely to contribute to the pathophysiology of PDC deficiency.
Functional interrelationship between TFII‐I and E2F transcription factors at specific cell cycle gene loci
Authors: Shen Yong , Nar Rukiye , Fan Alex X. , Aryan Mahmoud , Hossain Mir A. , Gurumurthy Aishwarya , Wassel Paul C. , Tang Ming , Lu Jianrong , Strouboulis John , Bungert Jörg 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTranscription factor TFII‐I is a multifunctional protein implicated in the regulation of cell cycle and stress‐response genes. Previous studies have shown that a subset of TFII‐I associated genomic sites contained DNA‐binding motifs for E2F family transcription factors. We analyzed the co‐association of TFII‐I and E2Fs in more detail using bioinformatics, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and co‐immunoprecipitation experiments. The data show that TFII‐I interacts with E2F transcription factors. Furthermore, TFII‐I, E2F4, and E2F6 interact with DNA‐regulatory elements of several genes implicated in the regulation of the cell cycle, including DNMT1, HDAC1, CDKN1C, and CDC27. Inhibition of TFII‐I expression led to a decrease in gene expression and in the association of E2F4 and E2F6 with these gene loci in human erythroleukemia K562 cells. Finally, TFII‐I deficiency reduced the proliferation of K562 cells and increased the sensitivity toward doxorubicin toxicity. The results uncover novel interactions between TFII‐I and E2Fs and suggest that TFII‐I mediates E2F function at specific cell cycle genes.
A review on symptoms, treatments protocols, and proteomic profile in sulfur mustard‐exposed victims
Authors: Panahi Yunes , Abdolghaffari Amir H. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSulfur mustard (SM) as an alkylating and vesicating agent was used for 100 years as a chemical weapon. SM as bi‐functional mustard can attacks and alkylates lots of biomolecules. Different cellular mechanism and molecular pathways are responsible for damages to body tissues. Such as DNA damages, oxidative stress, Apoptosis, and inflammation. Sulfur mustard penetrated body organs and induces long term eye, skin, lung, gastrointestinal, urogenital damages and can cause carcinogenic and mutagenic consequences. Currently there is no definitive treatment protocol for SM exposed patients. The goal of treatment is relieving the symptoms with fast healing rate and retrieval of damaged tissues to normal function and appearance in short period of time. Evaluation of proteomics profile in SM‐exposed victims has been performed in animal model and human patients. These studies revealed that different protein were involved in the patients with SM damages to skin and lungs. Apolipoprotein A1, type I cytokeratins K14, K16 and K17, S100 calcium‐binding protein A8, α1 haptoglobin isoforms, Amyloid A1, albumin, haptoglobin, and keratin isoforms, immunoglobulin kappa chain are defined expressed proteins in the damaged tissues.
Water Complexes of Ionic Liquids: 1‐Butyl‐3‐methyl Imidazolium Chloride and Tetrafluoroborate Systems in KBr Matrix.
Authors: Grinvald Iosif I. , Kalagaev Ivan Yu. , Petukhov Anton N. , Spirin Ivan A. , Grushevskaya Alina I. , Kapustin Rostislav V. , Vorotyntsev Ilya V. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn the present work the formation of water complexes with ionic liquids (ILs) –1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride [bmim][Cl] and 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [bmim][BF4] in KBr matrix at ambient temperature by IR technique was studied. There was shown that between the components of the system the hydrogen bond, in which the heteroaromatic fragment and anion (Cl− or BF4−) can participate, arises. The ab initio calculation in terms of DFT predicts a possibility of an interaction between the hydrogen atoms of CH bond in heteroaromatic ring and CH3‐group with oxygen atom as well as between anion (Cl− or BF4−) with hydrogen atom of water molecule.
Microwave‐Assisted Reduction of Nitroarenes by Aminothiophenol/dithiotreitol
Authors: Peyrot Cédric , Vivès Thomas , Legentil Laurent , Lemiègre Loïc , Daniellou Richard 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAnilines are important intermediates in medicinal chemistry. They are usually obtained from the corresponding nitroarenes by reduction. The present work describes novel conditions for such transformation. Aminothiophenol reduced nitroarenes to corresponding anilines under mild and neutral conditions. The microwave assisted reduction proceeded well in MeOH for several functionalized nitroarenes. The reaction conditions were optimized such as the aminothiophenol could be used in a catalytic amount thanks to its regeneration by dithiotreitol. This methodology was applied to various nitroarenes including p‐nitrophenyl glycosides. A general mechanism is proposed.
Nursing challenges caring for bone marrow transplantation patients with graft versus host disease
Authors: Neumann Joyce 
Published: June 2017

Nursing care of blood and marrow transplantation (BMT) patients is complicated. Nursing considerations of BMT patients with GVHD require an additional set of skills and knowledge that include side effects, both expected and less common, assessment skills, treatment administration, both standard and novel, and acute or intensive care. Nursing care of BMT patients with skin GVHD will be determined by the degree of skin alteration with distinct decisions made about hygiene, both topical and systemic treatment, infection prevention, relief of discomfort, functional ability (ADL) and body image alteration.
The nurse needs to have knowledge about assessment criteria for acute and chronic (NIH) assessment with special attention to skin (presence of rash, texture, mobility), joint mobility, mouth care, dressings, and skin care products. Nursing consideration of gastrointestinal GVHD includes importance of accurate intake and output, obtaining culture, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, nutrition, treatment, and skin care. Complication of GVHD treatment, namely effects of steroids require experts from many disciplines to provide comprehensive care. Caring and advocating for GVHD patients may include preparing for outcomes that are undesirable and impact the patient’s quality of life and mortality. BMT survivorship programs are a major source of patient education about chronic GVHD for patients after treatment. Caring for BMT patients, especially those experiencing GVHD, takes a knowledgeable, committed, and caring team of healthcare providers. Workshops like this are vital in providing information and networking to keep providers around the region and globe engaged in this critical work.
Sentimental value and gift giving: Givers' fears of getting it wrong prevents them from getting it right
Authors: Givi Julian , Galak Jeff 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSentimental value is the value derived from an emotionally‐laden item's associations with significant others, or special events or times in one's life. The present research demonstrates that when faced with the choice between sentimentally valuable gifts and gifts with superficial attributes that match the preferences of the recipient, givers give the latter much more often than recipients would prefer to receive such gifts. This asymmetry appears to be driven by givers feeling relatively certain that preference‐matching gifts will be well‐liked by recipients, but relatively uncertain that the same is true for sentimentally valuable gifts. Three studies demonstrate this gift‐giving mismatch and validate the proposed mechanism across a variety of gift‐giving occasions and giver‐receiver relationship types. The contribution of these findings to the gift‐giving literature, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.
A Network Model of Hand Hygiene: How Good Is Good Enough to Stop the Spread of MRSA?
Authors: Goldstein Neal D. , Eppes Stephen C. , Mackley Amy , Tuttle Deborah , Paul David A. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDSimulation models have been used to investigate the impact of hand hygiene on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission within the healthcare setting, but they have been limited by their ability to accurately model complex patient–provider interactions.METHODSUsing a network-based modeling approach, we created a simulated neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) representing the potential for per-hour infant–infant MRSA transmission via the healthcare worker resulting in subsequent colonization. The starting prevalence of MRSA colonized infants varied from 2% to 8%. Hand hygiene ranged from 0% (none) to 100% (theoretical maximum), with an expected effectiveness of 88% inferred from literature.RESULTSBased on empiric care provided within a 1-hour period, the mean number of infant–infant MRSA transmissible opportunities per hour was 1.3. Compared to no hand hygiene and averaged across all initial colonization states, colonization was reduced by approximately 29%, 51%, 67%, 80%, and 86% for the respective levels of hygiene: 24%, 48%, 68%, 88%, and 100%. Preterm infants had a 61% increase in MRSA colonization, and mechanically ventilated infants had a 27% increase.CONCLUSIONSEven under optimal hygiene conditions, horizontal transmission of MRSA is possible. Additional prevention paradigms should focus on the most acute patients because they are at greatest risk.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:945–952
Laboratory Intercomparison of Pleistocene Bone Radiocarbon Dating Protocols
Authors: Huels Matthias , van der Plicht Johannes , Brock Fiona , Matzerath Simon , Chivall David 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSince its invention in the late 1940s, radiocarbon (14C) dating has become an important tool for absolute dating. A prerequisite for the acceptance of this method is consistency between, and compatibility of, 14C dates from different laboratories. To meet these requirements, international laboratory intercomparison studies with different sample materials are frequently performed (e.g. TIRI, FIRI, VIRI and, most recently, SIRI).Intercomparison is especially relevant and difficult for samples close to the dating limit of ~50 kBP, not least for bone samples. A 14C intercomparison study between the Leibniz-Laboratory in Kiel (Germany), the Center for Isotope Research (CIO) in Groningen (the Netherlands), and the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit (ORAU, United Kingdom) was performed on three Pleistocene (MIS3) mammal bone samples from the Brick Quarry site Coenen (BQC) in Germany. The comparison of individually prepared and measured bone collagen 14C activities, results from shared collagen measurements, and respective background signatures and correction points to the latter as the main factor responsible for observed differences in final given radiocarbon estimates.
A downlist is not a demotion: Red List status and reality
Authors: Mallon David P. , Jackson Rodney M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAssessments of biodiversity status are needed to track trends, and the IUCN Red List has become the accepted global standard for documenting the extinction risk of species. Obtaining robust data on population size is an essential component of any assessment of a species’ status, including assessments for the IUCN Red List. Obtaining such estimates is complicated by methodological and logistical issues, which are more pronounced in the case of cryptic species, such as the snow leopardPanthera uncia. Estimates of the total population size of this species have, to date, been based on little more than guesstimates, but a comprehensive summary of recent field research indicates that the conservation status of the snow leopard may be less dire than previously thought. A revised categorization, from Endangered to Vulnerable, on the IUCN Red List was proposed but met some opposition, as did a recent, similar recategorization of the giant pandaAiluropoda melanoleuca. Possible factors motivating such attitudes are discussed. Downlisting on the IUCN Red List indicates that the species concerned is further from extinction, and is always to be welcomed, whether resulting from successful conservation intervention or improved knowledge of status and trends. Celebrating success is important to reinforce the message that conservation works, and to incentivize donors.
Measuring Grit
Authors: Schmidt Fabian T. C. , Fleckenstein Johanna , Retelsdorf Jan , Eskreis-Winkler Lauren , Möller Jens 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The construct grit originates from positive psychology and describes an individual’s tendency to persistently pursue long-term goals despite challenges or obstacles. Previous research has shown that domain-general grit is a predictor of educational and vocational success. The present research aimed to establish and validate a German version of the Short Grit Scale by Duckworth and Quinn (2009) , named the BISS-8 ( Beharrlichkeit and Beständiges Intere sse) Scale, and to test for the domain specificity of grit in an educational context. We conducted three studies to investigate the BISS-8 Scale: in Study 1 ( N = 525 university students) confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) replicated a two-dimensional higher-order structure for the scale. Study 2 ( N = 173 university students) investigated the correlations of grit with external criteria such as grade point average (GPA), generalized self-efficacy, general academic self-concept, and personality traits. Finally, in Study 3 ( N = 271 high school students), we found differential correlations with school achievement for domain-specific grit. Moreover, the validity of the BISS-8 Scale was also supported for adolescents by replicating the measurement model. All in all, our results indicate the validity of the BISS-8 Scale and show the importance to account for grit in different domains.
Aptazyme-embedded guide RNAs enable ligand-responsive genome editing and transcriptional activation
Authors: Tang Weixin , Hu Johnny H. , Liu David R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProgrammable sequence-specific genome editing agents such as CRISPR-Cas9 have greatly advanced our ability to manipulate the human genome. Although canonical forms of genome-editing agents and programmable transcriptional regulators are constitutively active, precise temporal and spatial control over genome editing and transcriptional regulation activities would enable the more selective and potentially safer use of these powerful technologies. Here, by incorporating ligand-responsive self-cleaving catalytic RNAs (aptazymes) into guide RNAs, we developed a set of aptazyme-embedded guide RNAs that enable small molecule-controlled nuclease-mediated genome editing and small molecule-controlled base editing, as well as small molecule-dependent transcriptional activation in mammalian cells.
Virus-host relationships of marine single-celled eukaryotes resolved from metatranscriptomics
Authors: Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Wurch Louie L. , Alexander Harriet , Dyhrman Sonya T. , Gobler Christopher J. , Wilhelm Steven W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEstablishing virus–host relationships has historically relied on culture-dependent approaches. Here we report on the use of marine metatranscriptomics to probe virus–host relationships. Statistical co-occurrence analyses of dsDNA, ssRNA and dsRNA viral markers of polyadenylation-selected RNA sequences from microbial communities dominated by Aureococcus anophagefferens (Quantuck Bay, NY), and diatoms (Narragansett Bay, RI) show active infections by diverse giant viruses (NCLDVs) associated with algal and nonalgal hosts. Ongoing infections of A. anophagefferens by a known Mimiviridae (AaV) occur during bloom peak and decline. Bloom decline is also accompanied by increased activity of viruses other than AaV, including (+) ssRNA viruses. In Narragansett Bay, increased temporal resolution reveals active NCLDVs with both ‘boom-and-bust’ and ‘steady-state infection’-like ecologies that include known as well as novel virus–host interactions. Our approach offers a method for screening active viral infections and develops links between viruses and their potential hosts in situ. Our observations further demonstrate that previously unknown virus–host relationships in marine systems are abundant.