bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PATI TERMODIFIKASI ENZIMATIS SEBAGAI KOMPONEN PEREKAT BAHAN SALUT KERTAS CETAK
Authors: Elyani Nina , Rismijana Jenni , Kardiansyah Teddy , , Cucu 
Published: August 2017

This research has been conducted through several steps. Step I was base papermaking using 80% LBKP and 20 % NBKP. They were refine separately up to 300 ml CSF, then mixed with 15% CaCO3, 0.6% AKD, 0.5% poliacrylamide, and 1,5% cationic starch to dry-weight of fibers. Step II was modifying starch enzymaticaly at 70-75°C, pH 6.5 - 7.0, amylase 0,05% for 15 minutes. Step III was base-paper coating with varied adhesives. Variation I use natural starch, Variation II use enzymatic modified starch, Variation III use commercial starch each of 8%. Testing for the handsheets comprise of brightness, roughtness, picking strength, water penetration, and pH. The results showed that the viscosity for natural starch, enzymatic starch and commercial starch respectively at 8000 cPs, 26 cPs and 114 cPs. The use of enzymatic modified starch give the best paper properties. The experiments has replicated in a laboratory of paper industry, with the same results, using clay and CaCO3 at 40:60 ratio, enzymatic starch, commercial starch, and natural starch.Keywords: starch, coated printing paper, amylase, viscosity. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan. Tahap I adalah pembuatan kertas dasar dengan menggunakan bahan baku 80% serat pendek atau leaf bleached kraft pulp (LBKP) dan 20% serat panjang atau needle bleached kraft pulp ( NBKP) digiling secara terpisah hingga mencapai derajat giling 300 ml CSF. Selanjutnya pulp dicampur ke dalam bahan kimia yang terdiri 15 % CaCO3, 0,6% AKD, 1,5% pati kationik dan Poliakrilamida sebesar 0,5% terhadap berat kering pulp. Lembaran dibuat pada gramatur 60 g/m2. Tahap II adalah pembuatan pati termodifikasi enzimatis pada kondisi inkubasi suhu sekitar 70 – 75oC, pH : 6,5 – 7,0, waktu selama 15 menit dengan penambahan amilase sebesar 0,05%. Tahap III adalah proses penyalutan kertas dasar dengan pati termodifikasi enzimatis, sebagai pembanding menggunakan pati alam maupun pati komersial. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian terhadap lembaran yang dihasilkan meliputi : derajat putih, kekasaran, penetrasi minyak, ketahanan cabut, daya serap air dan pH. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji coba di industri dengan komposisi pigmen kaolin dan kalsium karbonat 40 : 60 menggunakan pati enzim, pati komersial, dan pati alam. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa viskositas untuk pati alam, pati enzim dan pati komersial masing-masing adalah sebasar 8000 cPs, 26 cPs dan 114 cPs. Penggunaan pati modifikasi enzim memberikan sifat kertas yang paling baik. Hasil replikasi percobaan di laboratorium industri, pati enzim juga menghasilkan sifat kertas yang lebih baik.Kata kunci: pati, kertas cetak salut, amilase, viskositas.
THE USAGE OF BAGASSE PULP FOR WOOD FIBER SUBSTITUTION IN PAPERMAKING
Authors: Wikanaji Darono , , Trismawati , Kartiko Pepi 
Published: August 2017

Research of virgin bagasse pulp and market bagasse pulp as the furnish for MG tissue 17 gsm, HVS paper 56 gsm, and BC paper 210 gsm has been done for NBKP and LBKP substitution. MG tissue was produced on PM 4th at 3,2% lower speed and 6,7% lower throughput is able to replace the whole LBKP portion (± 60%) with no negative effect on physical properties at all. The use of bagasse pulp up to 15% to substitute LBKP in the furnish of HVS produced on PM 5th. at 4,3% lower speed and 1% higher throughput is able to improve strength index, tensile index, and tear index, and reduces the porosity up to 800 ml/minute. Bagasse pulp for BC paper was produced on PM 2nd. at the same speed and throughput is able to replace some portion of LBKP (40 – 80%) and NBKP (10 - 20%) with apparently no negative effect on physical properties. But, properties of BC still on between the high and low level properties of BC available on the market, even though a sharp decrease of strength index, tear index and double fold has been found when compared to BC 210 gsm using 20 - 30% NBKP.Keywords: bagasse pulp, tensile index, strength index, tear index, porosity ABSTRAK Penelitian pulp bagas virgin dan bagas pasaran sebagai bahan baku pembuatan kertas tisu gramatur 17 g/m2, kertas HVS 56 g/m2, dan karton BC 210 g/m2 dalam rangka substitusi serat LBKP dan NBKP telah dilakukan. Kertas tisu MG yang dibuat di PM4 pada kecepatan 3,2 % lebih rendah dan 6,7 % kapasitas lebih rendah ternyata mampu mensubstitusi seluruh porsi LBKP (60%) tanpa efek negatif pada sifat fisik kertas. Kertas HVS dibuat di PM5 pada kecepatan 4,3 % lebih rendah dan kapasitas 1 % lebih rendah ternyata mampu meningkatkan indeks kekuatan, indeks tarik, dan indeks sobek, serta mengurangi porositas hingga 800 ml/mnt. Karton BC dibuat di PM2 pada kecepatan dan kapasitas yang sama ternyata mampu mensubstitusi porsi LBKP (40 – 80 %) dan NBKP (10 – 20 %) tanpa pengaruh negatif pada sifat fisik. Tetapi sifat BC masih berada diantara batas bawah dan batas atas BC komersial, meskipun ada penurunan tajam pada indeks kekuatan dan ketahanan lipat dibandingkan dengan BC yang menggunakan 20 – 30 % NBKP.Kata kunci : pulp bagas, indeks tarik, indeks kekuatan, indeks sobek, porositas
2015/16 seasonal vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B among elderly people in Europe: results from the I-MOVE+ project
Authors: Rondy Marc , Larrauri Amparo , Casado Itziar , Alfonsi Valeria , Pitigoi Daniela , Launay Odile , Syrjänen Ritva K , Gefenaite Giedre , Machado Ausenda , Vučina Vesna Višekruna , Horváth Judith Krisztina , Paradowska-Stankiewicz Iwona , Marbus Sierk D , Gherasim Alin , Díaz-González Jorge Alberto , Rizzo Caterina , Ivanciuc Alina E , Galtier Florence , Ikonen Niina , Mickiene Aukse , Gomez Veronica , Kurečić Filipović Sanja , Ferenczi Annamária , Korcinska Monika R , van Gageldonk-Lafeber Rianne ,   I-MOVE+ hospital working group, Valenciano Marta 
Published: August 2017

We conducted a multicentre test-negative case–control study in 27 hospitals of 11 European countries to measure 2015/16 influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against hospitalised influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B among people aged ≥ 65 years. Patients swabbed within 7 days after onset of symptoms compatible with severe acute respiratory infection were included. Information on demographics, vaccination and underlying conditions was collected. Using logistic regression, we measured IVE adjusted for potential confounders. We included 355 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 cases, 110 influenza B cases, and 1,274 controls. Adjusted IVE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 42% (95% confidence interval (CI): 22 to 57). It was 59% (95% CI: 23 to 78), 48% (95% CI: 5 to 71), 43% (95% CI: 8 to 65) and 39% (95% CI: 7 to 60) in patients with diabetes mellitus, cancer, lung and heart disease, respectively. Adjusted IVE against influenza B was 52% (95% CI: 24 to 70). It was 62% (95% CI: 5 to 85), 60% (95% CI: 18 to 80) and 36% (95% CI: -23 to 67) in patients with diabetes mellitus, lung and heart disease, respectively. 2015/16 IVE estimates against hospitalised influenza in elderly people was moderate against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B, including among those with diabetes mellitus, cancer, lung or heart diseases.
Effectiveness of deformity-correction surgery for primary degenerative sagittal imbalance: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Chang-Hyun , Chung Chun Kee , Jang Jee-Soo , Kim Sung-Min , Chin Dong-Kyu , Lee Jung-Kil , Yoon Seung Hwan , Hong Jae Taek , Ha Yoon , Kim Chi Heon , Hyun Seung-Jae 
Published: August 2017

OBJECTIVEAs life expectancy continues to increase, primary degenerative sagittal imbalance (PDSI) is diagnosed in an increasing number of elderly people. Although corrective surgery for this sagittal deformity is becoming more popular, the effectiveness of the procedure remains unclear. The authors aimed to collate the available evidence on the effectiveness and complications of deformity-correction surgery in patients with PDSI.METHODSThe authors carried out a meta-analysis of clinical studies regarding deformity correction in patients with PDSI. The studies were identified through searches of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Surgery outcomes were evaluated and overall treatment effectiveness was assessed in terms of the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) values and pain levels according to visual analog scale (VAS) scores and in terms of restoration of spinopelvic parameters to within a normal range. Data are expressed as mean differences with 95% CIs.RESULTSTen studies comprising 327 patients were included. The VAS and ODI values improved after deformity-correction surgery. The smallest treatment effect exceeded the MCID for VAS values (4.15 [95% CI 3.48–4.82]) but not for ODI values (18.11 [95% CI 10.99–25.23]). At the final follow-up visit, the mean lumbar lordosis angle (−38.60° [95% CI −44.19° to −33.01°]), thoracic kyphosis angle (31.10° [95% CI 24.67°–37.53°]), C-7 sagittal vertical axis (65.00 mm [95% CI 35.27–94.72 mm]), and pelvic tilt angle (30.82° [95% CI 24.41°–37.23°]) remained outside their normal ranges. Meta-regression analyses revealed a significant effect of ODI change in relation to lumbar lordosis change (p = 0.004). After a mean of 2 years after deformity correction, the mean lumbar lordosis angle and C-7 sagittal vertical axis decreased by 5.82° and 38.91 mm, respectively, and the mean thoracic kyphosis angle increased by 4.7°. The incidences of proximal junctional kyphosis and pseudarthrosis were 23.7% and 12.8%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSDeformity correction substantially relieves back pain for about 2 years in adult patients with PDSI. Sufficient surgical restoration of lumbar lordosis can lead to substantial improvement in patient disability and reduced decompensation. Deformity correction represents a viable therapeutic option for patients with PDSI, but further technical advancements are necessary to achieve sufficient lumbar lordosis and reduce complication rates.
Effect of protein intake on muscle strength and hypertrophy during whole-body vibration training
Authors: Aksoy Duygu , Erman Alparslan , Balcı Nilüfer , Şentürk Ümit Kemal 
Published: August 2017

OBJECTIVES: There is no consensus regarding the mechanism of strength enhancement of regular whole-body vibration training (WBVT), which involves only neural or neural plus muscular adaptation. This discord could be based on lack of protein supplement to diet in WBVT. This study aimed to clarify the effects of adding protein to the diet on hypertrophy and strength during whole-body vibration training (WBVT). METHODS: Young healty male adults, 20–30 years old were grouped into control ([Formula: see text] 15) and protein groups ([Formula: see text] 14). All experimental subjects performed WBVT 3 days per week for 12 weeks. During WBVT, the protein group was provided with whey protein (1 g/kg) and the control group was provided with carbohydrate (1 g/kg starch isolate). Baseline measurements (pre-test) were done before the training program started while the last measurements (post-test) took place after the 12-w program. Body fat ratio and lean body mass were measured using bioelectrical impedance and hydrostatic weighing methods. Mid-thigh circumference (cm) and thigh skinfold measurement (cm) were used to calculate leg muscle area. The changes in muscle strength were evaluated by measuring jump height, hand-grip and leg strength. RESULTS: There were significant within-group differences between the post and in pre-training strength values of muscular strength but no between-group differences were noted. There were no changes in leg muscle area, body fat ratio and lean body mass in the control group. CONCLUSION: Protein supplementation does not affect strength and muscle mass after WBVT.
The effect of the palmaris longus muscle on wrist flexion and extension strength
Authors: Karahan Ali Yavuz , Bakdik Suleyman , Ozen Kemal Emre , Arslan Serdar , Karpuz Savas , Yilmaz Nihal , Yildirim Pelin , Oncu Fatih , Cicekcibasi Aynur 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND: The palmaris longus (PLM) is a fusiform-shaped muscle that appears in the superficial flexor compartment of the forearm. It has been suggested that PLM is a phylogenetically degenerate metacarpophalangeal joint flexor. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the strength of wrist flexion and extension in healthy volunteers with and without the PLM. METHODS: Sixty-four healthy subjects, 30 men and 34 women, 18–22 years old were enrolled in this study. The database consisted of 128 wrist tests. The inclusion criteria were as follows: sedentary lifestyle, unknown musculoskeletal disorders and right-handedness. Musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging was used for assessing the presence of PLM. A hand-held digital dynamometer was used to assess the peak force of wrist extension and flexion. Data were analyzed separately for women and men RESULTS: The existence of right-sided PLM was 73.3% in male subjects and 55.9% in female subjects. For men, the strength of wrist flexion was 36.03 [Formula: see text] 13.92 N and 34.24 [Formula: see text] 12.23 N for the right and left side, respectively. For women, the respective strengths were 16.20 [Formula: see text] 7.29 N and 15.26 [Formula: see text] 6.79 N. For both sexes, there was no statistically significant difference between those with and without a PLM ([Formula: see text] 0.05). There was also no significant difference in the agonist/antagonist (flexion/extension) ratio of the wrist between those with and without a PLM in both sexes and sides. CONCLUSIONS: The existence or absence of PLM plays no role in the strength of either the flexors or extensors of the wrist.
Perceptual learning improves contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, and foveal crowding in amblyopia
Authors: Barollo Michele , Contemori Giulio , Battaglini Luca , Pavan Andrea , Casco Clara 
Published: August 2017

Background: Amblyopic observers present abnormal spatial interactions between a low-contrast sinusoidal target and high-contrast collinear flankers. It has been demonstrated that perceptual learning (PL) can modulate these low-level lateral interactions, resulting in improved visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. Objective: We measured the extent and duration of generalization effects to various spatial tasks (i.e., visual acuity, Vernier acuity, and foveal crowding) through PL on the target’s contrast detection. Methods: Amblyopic observers were trained on a contrast-detection task for a central target (i.e., a Gabor patch) flanked above and below by two high-contrast Gabor patches. The pre- and post-learning tasks included lateral interactions at different target-to-flankers separations (i.e., 2, 3, 4, 8 λ) and included a range of spatial frequencies and stimulus durations as well as visual acuity, Vernier acuity, contrast-sensitivity function, and foveal crowding. Results: The results showed that perceptual training reduced the target’s contrast-detection thresholds more for the longest target-to-flanker separation (i.e., 8 λ). We also found generalization of PL to different stimuli and tasks: contrast sensitivity for both trained and untrained spatial frequencies, visual acuity for Sloan letters, and foveal crowding, and partially for Vernier acuity. Follow-ups after 5–7 months showed not only complete maintenance of PL effects on visual acuity and contrast sensitivity function but also further improvement in these tasks. Conclusion: These results suggest that PL improves facilitatory lateral interactions in amblyopic observers, which usually extend over larger separations than in typical foveal vision. The improvement in these basic visual spatial operations leads to a more efficient capability of performing spatial tasks involving high levels of visual processing, possibly due to the refinement of bottom-up and top-down networks of visual areas.
Reducing the rate of misdiagnosis in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness: Is there a place for audiovisual stimulation?
Authors: Naro Antonino , Leo Antonino , Bruno Rocco , Cannavò Antonino , Buda Antonio , Manuli Alfredo , Bramanti Alessia , Bramanti Placido , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore 
Published: August 2017

Background: The patients with chronic Disorders of Consciousness (DoC) mostly present with extremely challenging differential diagnosis. The advanced analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals induced by brain stimulation paradigms may provide an appropriate approach to differentiate patients with DoC, besides the clinical assessment. Objective: This study was performed with an objective of identifying residual brain network perturbations following an innovative, non-invasive audiovisual stimulation protocol, which could be related to behavioral responsiveness in patients with DoC. Methods: The study comprised of ten healthy controls (HC), seven patients with Minimally Conscious State (MCS), and nine patients with Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS). Both synchronous as well as asynchronous transorbital and transauricolar alternating current were employed as stimuli and their effects were measured in terms of functional and effective connectivity. Results: A more noticeable deterioration of long range connectivity patterns were found in patients with UWS than in those with MCS, with an exception of two patients with UWS, who showed connectivity values similar to those of MCS patients. Conclusion: The audiovisual stimulation paradigm used in the present study may be employed as a supportive bedside tool for improving the differential diagnosis in patients with DoC.
Robotic-assisted gait training combined with transcranial direct current stimulation in chronic stroke patients: A pilot double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Seo Han Gil , Lee Woo Hyung , Lee Seung Hak , Yi Youbin , Kim Kwang Dong , Oh Byung-Mo 
Published: August 2017

Background: Although robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT) is becoming a standard method in stroke rehabilitation, its effect on chronic stroke patients is uncertain. Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances the effect of RAGT on functional ambulation in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Chronic hemiplegic stroke patients with a Functional Ambulatory Category (FAC) score≤4 were randomly assigned to either the RAGT with anodal tDCS (Anodal) group the sham tDCS (Sham) group. The patients were provided with RAGT for 45 min after allocated tDCS on the leg motor cortex in the impaired hemisphere for 20 min every weekday for 2 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the FAC, and the secondary outcome measures included 10-m walking test, 6-min walking test, Berg Balance Scale, Fugl-Meyer assessment of the lower extremity, Medical Research Council Scale, and motor-evoked potential (MEP) parameters. They were evaluated before treatment (T0), immediately after treatment (T1), and 4 weeks after the end of treatment (T2). Results: Twenty-one patients were finally included. The percentage of participants who achieved improvement in the FAC score was greater in the Anodal group than in the Sham group, and the difference was significant at T2 (66.7% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.024). In secondary outcome measures, the Anodal group showed greater improvement in the 6-min walking test than the Sham group at T2 (56.49±38.87 vs. 23.59±17.00, p = 0.038). The changes in the MEP parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: This pilot study suggested that anodal tDCS on the leg motor cortex in the impaired hemisphere may facilitate the effect of RAGT on functional ambulation in chronic stroke patients. Larger clinical trials will be needed to confirm the effect of RAGT combined with tDCS in chronic stroke patients based on the present study.
A Secular Resonant Origin for the Loneliness of Hot Jupiters
Authors: Spalding Christopher , Batygin Konstantin 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Despite decades of inquiry, the origin of giant planets residing within a few tenths of an astronomical unit from their host stars remains unclear. Traditionally, these objects are thought to have formed further out before subsequently migrating inwards. However, the necessity of migration has been recently called into question with the emergence of in situ formation models of close-in giant planets. Observational characterization of the transiting subsample of close-in giants has revealed that “warm” Jupiters, possessing orbital periods longer than roughly 10 days more often possess close-in, co-transiting planetary companions than shorter period “hot” Jupiters, that are usually lonely. This finding has previously been interpreted as evidence that smooth, early migration or in situ formation gave rise to warm Jupiter-hosting systems, whereas more violent, post-disk migration pathways sculpted hot Jupiter-hosting systems. In this work, we demonstrate that both classes of planet may arise via early migration or in situ conglomeration, but that the enhanced loneliness of hot Jupiters arises due to a secular resonant interaction with the stellar quadrupole moment. Such an interaction tilts the orbits of exterior, lower-mass planets, removing them from transit surveys where the hot Jupiter is detected. Warm Jupiter-hosting systems, in contrast, retain their coplanarity due to the weaker influence of the host star’s quadrupolar potential relative to planet–disk interactions. In this way, hot Jupiters and warm Jupiters are placed within a unified theoretical framework that may be readily validated or falsified using data from upcoming missions, such as TESS.
Global Simulations of the Inner Regions of Protoplanetary Disks with Comprehensive Disk Microphysics
Authors: Bai Xue-Ning 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The gas dynamics of weakly ionized protoplanetary disks (PPDs) are largely governed by the coupling between gas and magnetic fields, described by three non-ideal magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) effects (Ohmic, Hall, ambipolar). Previous local simulations incorporating these processes have revealed that the inner regions of PPDs are largely laminar and accompanied by wind-driven accretion. We conduct 2D axisymmetric, fully global MHD simulations of these regions (∼1–20 au), taking into account all non-ideal MHD effects, with tabulated diffusion coefficients and approximate treatment of external ionization and heating. With the net vertical field aligned with disk rotation, the Hall-shear instability strongly amplifies horizontal magnetic field, making the overall dynamics dependent on initial field configuration. Following disk formation, the disk likely relaxes into an inner zone characterized by asymmetric field configuration across the midplane, which smoothly transitions to a more symmetric outer zone. Angular momentum transport is driven by both MHD winds and laminar Maxwell stress, with both accretion and decretion flows present at different heights, and modestly asymmetric winds from the two disk sides. With anti-aligned field polarity, weakly magnetized disks settle into an asymmetric field configuration with supersonic accretion flow concentrated at one side of the disk surface, and highly asymmetric winds between the two disk sides. In all cases, the wind is magneto-thermal in nature, characterized by a mass loss rate exceeding the accretion rate. More strongly magnetized disks give more symmetric field configuration and flow structures. Deeper far-UV penetration leads to stronger and less stable outflows. Implications for observations and planet formation are also discussed.