bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of different menstrual phases on the Bispectral Index during dexmedetomidine sedation
Authors: Han Chao , Ge Sheng‐Jin , Huang Shao‐Qiang , Lu Yao‐Jun , Li Ning 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTo investigate the influence of different menstrual phases on the Bispectral Index (BIS) during dexmedetomidine (Dex) sedation, 40 patients with regular menstrual cycle, American Society of Anesthesiologists I–II, aged 18–40 years, undergoing selective gynecologic laparoscopic surgery, were enrolled. According to different menstrual phases and the serum progesterone concentration, they were divided into two groups: the follicular phase group (Group F) and the luteal phase group (Group L), and each group had 20 patients. Before anesthesia induction, patients were infused with an initial loading dose of Dex (1 μg/kg) for 10 minutes and then 0.5 μg/kg/h for 20 minutes. BIS and the changes in hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were recorded within those 30 minutes. Time to lower BIS to 70 and 60 in Group L was shorter than that in Group F (9.4 ± 1.3 minutes vs. 11.3 ± 2.1 minutes, p = 0.005; 11.3 ± 2.4 minutes vs. 14.0 ± 3.6 minutes, p = 0.021). The number of patients whose BIS reached 50 in Group L was greater than that in Group F (15 vs. 8, p < 0.05). The lowest BIS value in the Group L was lower than that in Group F (46.8 ± 6.3 vs. 55.3 ± 5.5, p = 0.006), and the heart rate of patients in both groups showed a decrease (p < 0.05). The sedative effect of Dex was more significant in patients during the luteal phase than during the follicular phase.
Bank secrecy in offshore centres and capital flows: Does blacklisting matter?
Authors: Balakina Olga , D’Andrea Angelo , Masciandaro Donato 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis study analyses cross‐border capital flows in order to verify the existence and direction of the effect of the soft regulation promoted by international organizations against banking secrecy which characterized the so called tax and financial heavens. This effect is called in the literature Stigma Effect, but both the existence and the direction of the stigma effect are far from being obvious. The international capital flows can simply neglect the relevance of the blacklisting, or worst, the attractiveness of banking secrecy can produce a race to the bottom: the desire to elude more transparent regulation can sensibly influence the capital movements. We test whether being included and later excluded from the FATF blacklist is an effective measure that influences countries’ cross‐border capital flows. Using annual panel data for the period 1996–2014, we apply our framework to 126 countries worldwide. We find evidence that in general the stigma effect does not exist.
Extraosseous plasmacytoma of the Maxilla: CT and MRI findings
Authors: Oda Takaaki , Sue Mikiko , Sasaki Yoshihiko , Kameta Ayako , Okada Yasuo , Tsuchimochi Makoto , Ogura Ichiro 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPlasmacytomas are a localized proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow and are less frequently seen in extraosseous organs or tissues. Extraosseous plasmacytoma is a rare malignant neoplasm and constitutes 3–5% of all plasma cell neoplasms. In this article, we describe a case of a patient with extraosseous plasmacytoma of the maxilla and the related computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.
Hegel’s Political Epistemology
Authors: Kervégan Jean-François 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article proposes an interpretation of Hegel’s famous maxim in the Preface of the Grundlinien: ‘What is rational is actual, and what is actual is rational’, not (as usual) as a politically conservative normative statement, but as an epistemological statement concerning the way in which philosophical discourse relates to reality. My aim is to take seriously Hegel’s claim that the purpose of philosophy is not to prescribe to the social world what it has to be but to define the mode through which it may be known.
Paracapsulapagurus poponguinensis, a new hermit crab (Decapoda, Anomura, Paguroidea) from the Maastrichtian of Senegal
Authors: Hyžný Matúš , Fraaije René H.B. , Martin Jeremy E. , Perrier Vincent , Sarr Raphaël 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBased on a single right cheliped from the Cape de Naze Formation (middle–upper Maastrichtian), Senegal, a new genus and species of hermit crab with capsulated setae is described.Paracapsulapagurus poponguinensisn. gen. n. sp. is characterized by platy, scale-like, non-spinose tubercles with setae arranged in curved rows. This is only the third record of a fossil hermit crab with capsulated setae. These are documented in detail using SEM-imaging. For the first time, capsulated setae are also figured for the Early Jurassic hermit crabSchobertella.
Use of Force against Non-state Actors and the Circumstance Precluding Wrongfulness of Self-Defence
Authors: PADDEU FEDERICA I. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe right of self-defence against non-state actors is increasingly invoked and accepted in the practice of states. However, the recognition of this right must overcome a fundamental obstacle: that of explaining why the rights of the host state, in particular its right of territorial sovereignty, is not infringed by the self-defensive force used within its territory. In practice, states invoking self-defence against non-state actors rely on the involvement of the host state with those actors to justify the use of force in that state's territory. It is not clear, from a legal standpoint, how to rationalize the fact of involvement as a form of legal justification. For some, involvement amounts to attribution. For others, involvement is a form of complicity. For others still, involvement may entail a breach of the host state's due diligence obligation to protect the rights of other states in its territory. All of these solutions are deficient in some way, and have failed to receive general endorsement. This article considers whether there may be a different, as yet neglected, solution: self-defence as a circumstance precluding wrongfulness. The article shows that this is not a perfect solution either, since positive law remains uncertain on this point. Nevertheless, it is a solution that may provide a better normative framework for the development of the law of self-defence against non-state actors.
Treatment of depression in nursing home residents without significant cognitive impairment: a systematic review
Authors: Simning Adam , Simons Kelsey V. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression in nursing facilities is widespread and has been historically under-recognized and inadequately treated. Many interventions have targeted depression among residents with dementia in these settings. Less is known about depression treatment in residents without dementia who may be more likely to return to community living. Our study aimed to systematically evaluate randomized control trials (RCTs) in nursing facilities that targeted depression within samples largely comprised of residents without dementia.Methods:The following databases were evaluated with searches covering January 1991 to December 2015 (PubMed, PsycINFO) and March 2016 (CINAHL). We also examined national and international clinical trial registries including ClinicalTrials.gov. RCTs were included if they were published in English, evaluated depression or depressive symptoms as primary or secondary outcomes, and included a sample with a mean age of 65 years and over for which most had no or only mild cognitive impairment.Results:A total of 32 RCTs met our criteria including those testing psychotherapeutic interventions (n=13), psychosocial and recreation interventions (n=9), and pharmacologic or other biologic interventions (n=10). Seven psychotherapeutic, six psychosocial and recreation, and four pharmacologic or other biologic interventions demonstrated a treatment benefit.Conclusions:Many studies had small samples, were of poor methodological quality, and did not select for depressed residents. There is limited evidence suggesting that cognitive behavioral therapies, reminiscence, interventions to reduce social isolation, and exercise-based interventions have some promise for decreasing depression in cognitively intact nursing home residents; little can be concluded from the pharmacologic or other biologic RCTs.
Metastatic basal cell carcinoma with amplification of PD-L1: exceptional response to anti-PD1 therapy
Authors: Ikeda Sadakatsu , Goodman Aaron M , Cohen Philip R , Jensen Taylor J , Ellison Christopher K , Frampton Garrett , Miller Vincent , Patel Sandip P , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMetastatic basal cell carcinomas are rare malignancies harbouring Hedgehog pathway alterations targetable by SMO antagonists (vismodegib/sonidegib). We describe, for the first time, the molecular genetics and response of a patient with Hedgehog inhibitor-resistant metastatic basal cell carcinoma who achieved rapid tumour regression (ongoing near complete remission at 4 months) with nivolumab (anti-PD1 antibody). He had multiple hallmarks of anti-PD1 responsiveness including high mutational burden (>50 mutations per megabase; 19 functional alterations in tissue next-generation sequencing (NGS; 315 genes)) as well as PDL1/PDL2/JAK2 amplification (as determined by both tissue NGS and by analysis of plasma-derived cell-free DNA). The latter was performed using technology originally developed for the genome-wide detection of sub-chromosomal copy-number alterations (CNAs) in noninvasive prenatal testing and showed numerous CNAs including amplification of the 9p24.3-9p22.2 region containing PD-L1, PD-L2 and JAK2. Of interest, PD-L1, PD-L2 and JAK2 amplification is a characteristic of Hodgkin lymphoma, which is exquisitely sensitive to nivolumab. In conclusion, selected SMO antagonist-resistant metastatic basal cell carcinomas may respond to nivolumab based on underlying molecular genetic mechanisms that include PD-L1 amplification and high tumour mutational burden.
Defining a role for hemoglobin in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Freed James , Chakrabarti Lisa 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHemoglobin (Hb) has been shown to be expressed within dopaminergic neurons and to have a role in maintaining iron and mitochondrial homeostasis. In Parkinson’s disease tissues, Hb has been localized to the mitochondrion. Though heme synthesis occurs within the mitochondria, the localization of Hb to this organelle has only recently been described. It is now important to understand whether Hb expression is protective or is a part of the neurodegenerative process. It is possible that the accumulation of neuronal or mitochondrial Hb is initially protective, but over many decades causes pathology. Studying Hb in neurons can give insight into the iron accumulation seen in the brain and the potential role of alpha-synuclein as a ferrireductase. In this review, we discuss the interactions of neuronal and mitochondrial Hb with other proteins and its possible role in pathways relevant to Parkinson’s disease.
Label-free, rapid and quantitative phenotyping of stress response in E. coli via ramanome
Authors: Teng Lin , Wang Xian , Wang Xiaojun , Gou Honglei , Ren Lihui , Wang Tingting , Wang Yun , Ji Yuetong , Huang Wei E. , Xu Jian 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRapid profiling of stress-response at single-cell resolution yet in a label-free, non-disruptive and mechanism-specific manner can lead to many new applications. We propose a single-cell-level biochemical fingerprinting approach named “ramanome”, which is the collection of Single-cell Raman Spectra (SCRS) from a number of cells randomly selected from an isogenic population at a given time and condition, to rapidly and quantitatively detect and characterize stress responses of cellular population. SCRS of Escherichia coli cells are sensitive to both exposure time (eight time points) and dosage (six doses) of ethanol, with detection time as early as 5 min and discrimination rate of either factor over 80%. Moreover, the ramanomes upon six chemical compounds from three categories, including antibiotics of ampicillin and kanamycin, alcohols of ethanol and n-butanol and heavy metals of Cu2+ and Cr6+, were analyzed and 31 marker Raman bands were revealed which distinguish stress-responses via cytotoxicity mechanism and variation of inter-cellular heterogeneity. Furthermore, specificity, reproducibility and mechanistic basis of ramanome were validated by tracking stress-induced dynamics of metabolites and by contrasting between cells with and without genes that convey stress resistance. Thus ramanome enables rapid prediction and mechanism-based screening of cytotoxicity and stress-response programs at single-cell resolution.
Classical trajectories in polar-asymmetric laser fields: Synchronous THz and XUV emission
Authors: Gragossian Aram , Seletskiy Denis V. , Sheik-Bahae Mansoor 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe interaction of intense near- and mid-infrared laser pulses with rare gases has produced bursts of radiation with spectral content extending into the extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray region of electromagnetic spectrum. On the other end of the spectrum, laser-driven gas plasmas has been shown to produce coherent sub-harmonic optical waveforms, covering from terahertz (THz) to mid- and near-infrared frequency spectral band. Both processes can be enhanced via a combination of a driving field and its second harmonic. Despite this striking similarity, only limited experimental and theoretical attempts have been made to address these two regimes simultaneously. Here we present systematic experiments and a unifying picture of these processes, based on our extension of the semi-classical three-step model. Further understanding of the generation and coherent control of time-synchronized transients with photon energies from meV to 1 keV can lead to numerous technological advances and to an intriguing possibilities of ultra-broadband investigations into complex condensed matter systems.
Asperosaponin VI promotes bone marrow stromal cell osteogenic differentiation through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in an osteoporosis model
Authors: Ke Ke , Li Qi , Yang Xiaofeng , Xie Zhijian , Wang Yu , Shi Jue , Chi Linfeng , Xu Weijian , Hu Lingling , Shi Huali 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAsperosaponin VI (ASA VI), a natural compound isolated from the well-known traditional Chinese herb Radix Dipsaci, has an important role in promoting osteoblast formation. However, its effects on osteoblasts in the context of osteoporosis is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of ASA VI action on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells isolated from the ovariectomized rats (OVX rBMSCs). The toxicity of ASA VI and its effects on the proliferation of OVX rBMSCs were measured using a CCK-8 assay. Various osteogenic differentiation markers were also analyzed, such as ALP activity, calcified nodule formation, and the expression of osteogenic genes, i.e., ALP, OCN, COL 1 and RUNX2. The results indicated that ASA VI promoted the proliferation of OVX rBMSCs and enhanced ALP activity and calcified nodule formation. In addition, while ASA VI enhanced the expression of ALP, OCN, Col 1 and RUNX2, treatment with LY294002 reduced all of these osteogenic effects and reduced the p-AKT levels induced by ASA VI. These results suggest that ASA VI promotes the osteogenic differentiation of OVX rBMSCs by acting on the phosphatidylinositol—3 kinase/AKT signaling pathway.
ZIKA virus reveals broad tissue and cell tropism during the first trimester of pregnancy
Authors: El Costa Hicham , Gouilly Jordi , Mansuy Jean-Michel , Chen Qian , Levy Claude , Cartron Géraldine , Veas Francisco , Al-Daccak Reem , Izopet Jacques , Jabrane-Ferrat Nabila 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe outbreak of the Zika Virus (ZIKV) and its association with fetal abnormalities have raised worldwide concern. However, the cellular tropism and the mechanisms of ZIKV transmission to the fetus during early pregnancy are still largely unknown. Therefore, we ex vivo modeled the ZIKV transmission at the maternal-fetal interface using organ culture from first trimester pregnancy samples. Here, we provide evidence that ZIKV strain circulating in Brazil infects and damages tissue architecture of the maternal decidua basalis, the fetal placenta and umbilical cord. We also show that ZIKV replicates differentially in a wide range of maternal and fetal cells, including decidual fibroblasts and macrophages, trophoblasts, Hofbauer cells as well as umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. The striking cellular tropism of ZIKV and its cytopathic-induced tissue injury during the first trimester of pregnancy could provide an explanation for the irreversible congenital damages.
High-Efficiency Transduction of Primary Human Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells by AAV6 Vectors: Strategies for Overcoming Donor-Variation and Implications in Genome Editing
Authors: Ling Chen , Bhukhai Kanit , Yin Zifei , Tan Mengqun , Yoder Mervin C. , Leboulch Philippe , Payen Emmanuel , Srivastava Arun 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe have reported that of the 10 commonly used AAV serotype vectors, AAV6 is the most efficient in transducing primary human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, the transduction efficiency of the wild-type (WT) AAV6 vector varies greatly in HSPCs from different donors. Here we report two distinct strategies to further increase the transduction efficiency in HSPCs from donors that are transduced less efficiently with the WT AAV6 vectors. The first strategy involved modifications of the viral capsid proteins where specific surface-exposed tyrosine (Y) and threonine (T) residues were mutagenized to generate a triple-mutant (Y705 + Y731F + T492V) AAV6 vector. The second strategy involved the use of ex vivo transduction at high cell density. The combined use of these strategies resulted in transduction efficiency exceeding ~90% in HSPCs at significantly reduced vector doses. Our studies have significant implications in the optimal use of capsid-optimized AAV6 vectors in genome editing in HSPCs.
Visual attention spreads broadly but selects information locally
Authors: Shioiri Satoshi , Honjyo Hajime , Kashiwase Yoshiyuki , Matsumiya Kazumichi , Kuriki Ichiro 
Published: October 2016

AbstractVisual attention spreads over a range around the focus as the spotlight metaphor describes. Spatial spread of attentional enhancement and local selection/inhibition are crucial factors determining the profile of the spatial attention. Enhancement and ignorance/suppression are opposite effects of attention, and appeared to be mutually exclusive. Yet, no unified view of the factors has been provided despite their necessity for understanding the functions of spatial attention. This report provides electroencephalographic and behavioral evidence for the attentional spread at an early stage and selection/inhibition at a later stage of visual processing. Steady state visual evoked potential showed broad spatial tuning whereas the P3 component of the event related potential showed local selection or inhibition of the adjacent areas. Based on these results, we propose a two-stage model of spatial attention with broad spread at an early stage and local selection at a later stage.
Nanostructured Boron Nitride With High Water Dispersibility For Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
Authors: Singh Bikramjeet , Kaur Gurpreet , Singh Paviter , Singh Kulwinder , Kumar Baban , Vij Ankush , Kumar Manjeet , Bala Rajni , Meena Ramovatar , Singh Ajay , Thakur Anup , Kumar Akshay 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHighly water dispersible boron based compounds are innovative and advanced materials which can be used in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for cancer treatment (BNCT). Present study deals with the synthesis of highly water dispersible nanostructured Boron Nitride (BN). Unique and relatively low temperature synthesis route is the soul of present study. The morphological examinations (Scanning/transmission electron microscopy) of synthesized nanostructures showed that they are in transient phase from two dimensional hexagonal sheets to nanotubes. It is also supported by dual energy band gap of these materials calculated from UV- visible spectrum of the material. The theoretically calculated band gap also supports the same (calculated by virtual nano lab Software). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the synthesized material has deformed structure which is further supported by Raman spectroscopy. The structural aspect of high water disperse ability of BN is also studied. The ultra-high disperse ability which is a result of structural deformation make these nanostructures very useful in BNCT. Cytotoxicity studies on various cell lines (Hela(cervical cancer), human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7)) show that the synthesized nanostructures can be used for BNCT.
Transient Induced Molecular Electronic Spectroscopy (TIMES) for study of protein-ligand interactions
Authors: Zhang Tiantian , Ku Ti-Hsuan , Han Yuanyuan , Subramanian Ramkumar , Niaz Iftikhar Ahmad , Luo Hua , Chang Derrick , Huang Jian-Jang , Lo Yu-Hwa 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe present a method, Transient Induced Molecular Electronic Spectroscopy (TIMES), to detect protein-ligand interactions without any protein engineering or chemical modification. We developed a physics model for the TIMES signal and mathematically formulated the problem to attain physical insight of protein-ligand interactions without any disturbances by molecular probes, fluorescent labels, or immobilization of molecules. To demonstrate the functionality of this method, we have used the TIMES signals to find the dissociation constants for the affinity of reactions, the shear-stress dependent adsorption time of molecules on surface, and other interesting features of protein-ligand interaction in native conditions. As a unique tool, TIMES offers a simple and effective method to investigate fundamental protein chemistry and drug discoveries.
Evidence for discrete solar and lunar orientation mechanisms in the beach amphipod, Talitrus saltator Montagu (Crustacea, Amphipoda)
Authors: Ugolini Alberto , Hoelters Laura S. , Ciofini Alice , Pasquali Vittorio , Wilcockson David C. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAnimals that use astronomical cues to orientate must make continuous adjustment to account for temporal changes in azimuth caused by Earth’s rotation. For example, the Monarch butterfly possesses a time-compensated sun compass dependent upon a circadian clock in the antennae. The amphipod Talitrus saltator possesses both a sun compass and a moon compass. We reasoned that the time-compensated compass mechanism that enables solar orientation of T. saltator is located in the antennae, as is the case for Monarch butterflies. We examined activity rhythms and orientation of sandhoppers with antennae surgically removed, or unilaterally occluded with black paint. Removing or painting the antennae did not affect daily activity rhythms or competence to orientate using the sun. However, when tested at night these animals were unable to orientate correctly to the moon. We subsequently measured circadian gene expression in the antennae and brain of T. saltator and show the clock genes period and cryptochrome 2 are rhythmically expressed in both tissues, reminiscent of other arthropods known to possess antennal clocks. Together, our behavioural and molecular data suggest that, T. saltator has anatomically discrete lunar and solar orientation apparatus; a sun compass, likely located in the brain and a moon compass in the antennae.