bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local collaboration network in management of built heritage
Authors: Lwoga Noel Biseko 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to apply stakeholder and network theories to explore local collaboration network, its structural features and their implications to the management of the built heritage.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper applies stakeholder and network analyses. It follows a case study approach using multiple data collection methods such as the documentary analysis, and semi-structured interviews with 22 local stakeholders in the Pangani Conservation Task Force’s (PCTF’s) in Tanzania. It subjects the data to thematic analysis through the NVivo program, and to network analysis through the UCINET and NETDRAW programs.

Findings
This paper indicates that the PCTF is composed of heterogeneous stakeholders who are networked in a less cohesive structure, whereby the collaboration system is dominated by conservation actors while marginalizing tourism and some local resident groups. This structure, despite its inherent disadvantages, was found to enhance the achievement of PCTF’s conservation goals in the short term.

Research limitations/implications
The single case study approach makes generalizing beyond the study area difficult. Nevertheless, the findings raise relevant issues for further multiple-case investigations on collaboration systems from a built heritage perspective.

Originality/value
This paper is the first insightful exploration of the stakeholder collaboration system in the local built heritage site in Tanzania, using both the stakeholder and network analyses. It presents a useful tool for organizational analysis in heritage management and makes a good argument for its use to better understand participatory management.
Using digitized objects to promote critical thinking and engagement in classrooms
Authors: Butcher Kirsten , Runburg Madlyn , Hudson Michelle 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the impact of using digitized objects for inquiry with middle-school classrooms. Research analyzed critical thinking processes and student engagement during collaborative investigations with 3D models of authentic objects.

Design/methodology/approach
Digitized objects were 3D scans of fossils from the paleontology collection at the Natural History Museum of Utah implemented as 3D prints and 3D virtual models. Verbal protocol analysis examined critical thinking processes during collaborative student learning. Engagement was assessed via student feedback and a classroom observation protocol.

Findings
The findings demonstrated that digitized objects facilitated key critical thinking processes, particularly observation, problem finding, elaboration and evaluation. Student feedback was very positive and focused on strong interest in 3D technologies and the ability to engage in authentic exploration. Observations showed very high levels of on-task engagement.

Research limitations/implications
Additional research is necessary to determine if findings generalize across varied learner populations, including broader age ranges and socioeconomic samples, to activities implemented as fully online experiences and to digitized objects from varied domains.

Originality/value
Findings demonstrate digitized objects are effective methods to engage students in critical thinking and to promote engagement with authentic objects during classroom learning. Results demonstrate strong potential of new technologies to leverage the educational impact of digitized objects from local collections, setting the stage for expanded educational outreach by museums and libraries.
Notes from the hospital bedside: reflections on researcher roles and responsibilities at the end of life in dementia
Authors: Swarbrick Caroline Margaret , Sampson Elizabeth , Keady John 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore some of the ethical and practical dilemmas faced by an experienced researcher in undertaking research with a person with dementia (whom we have called Amy). Amy died shortly after a period of observation had ended and the family subsequently consented to the data being shared.

Design/methodology/approach
This individual case study presentation was nested within a larger study conducted in England and Scotland between 2013 and 2014. The overall aim of the main study was to investigate how healthcare professionals and informal carers recognised, assessed and managed pain in patients living with dementia in a range of acute settings.

Findings
The presented case study of Amy raises three critical reflection points: (i) Researcher providing care, i.e. the place and positioning of compassion in research observation; (ii) What do the stories mean? i.e. the reframing of Amy's words, gestures and behaviours as (end of) life review, potentially highlights unresolved personal conflicts and reflections on loss; and (iii) Communication is embodied, i.e. the need to move beyond the recording of words to represent lived experience and into more multi-sensory methods of data capture.

Originality/value
Researcher guidance and training about end of life observations in dementia is presently absent in the literature and this case study stimulates debate in a much overlooked area, including the role of ethics committees.
Disability status, stereotype content, and employment opportunities in sport and fitness organizations
Authors: Wright Tiffany , Cunningham George 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of disability status among job applicants on stereotype attributions and personnel decisions. The authors also consider the possible moderating role of application qualifications.

Design/methodology/approach
Participants (N=247) took part in an experiment in which they evaluated job applications for a personal trainer position.

Findings
Applicants who had a disability were rated as warmer than their able-bodied peers, but ratings of competence did not vary based on the disability status. This was the case across levels of qualifications. The relationships between competence and work outcomes (person-organization fit and hiring recommendations) were stronger than those between warmth and these outcomes; however, the relationships were qualified by a significant competence-by-warmth interaction. As the competence increased, so did the ratings of the person-organization fit, but this relationship was stronger for persons rated as warm.

Originality/value
Persons with disabilities in the sport and fitness context face unique stereotypes, relative to their peers in other settings. These stereotypes influence their evaluation as job applicants.
Xeroderma pigmentosum clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Moriwaki Shinichi , Kanda Fumio , Hayashi Masaharu , Yamashita Daisuke , Sakai Yoshitada , Nishigori Chikako ,   Xeroderma pigmentosum clinical practice guidelines revision committee
Published: August 2017

AbstractXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a genetic photosensitive disorder in which patients are highly susceptibe to skin cancers on the sun‐exposed body sites. In Japan, more than half of patients (30% worldwide) with XP show complications of idiopathic progressive, intractable neurological symptoms with poor prognoses. Therefore, this disease does not merely present with dermatological symptoms, such as photosensitivity, pigmentary change and skin cancers, but is “an intractable neurological and dermatological disease”. For this reason, in March 2007, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare added XP to the neurocutaneous syndromes that are subject to government research initiatives for overcoming intractable diseases. XP is one of the extremely serious photosensitive disorders in which patients easily develop multiple skin cancers if they are not completely protected from ultraviolet radiation. XP patients thus need to be strictly shielded from sunlight throughout their lives, and they often experience idiopathic neurodegenerative complications that markedly reduce the quality of life for both the patients and their families. Hospitals in Japan often see cases of XP as severely photosensitive in children, and as advanced pigmentary disorders of the sun‐exposed area with multiple skin cancers in adults (aged in their 20–40s), making XP an important disease to differentiate in everyday clinical practice. It was thus decided that there was a strong need for clinical practice guidelines dedicated to XP. This process led to the creation of new clinical practice guidelines for XP.
Successful combination therapy of propranolol and prednisolone for a case with congenital Kasabach–Merritt syndrome
Authors: Mizutani Kento , Umaoka Ai , Tsuda Kenshiro , Kakeda Masato , Habe Koji , Yamanaka Keiichi , Suyama Megumi , Mizutani Hitoshi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA male fetus was delivered by cesarean section with a large hemangioma on his right chest and thrombocytopenia. Clinically, Kasabach–Merritt syndrome (KMS) was suspected, and immediately he was treated with daily prednisolone (PSL) 1 mg/kg and recombinant thrombomodulin without response. Additional propranolol (1–3 mg/kg per day) and increased PSL 2 mg/kg per day therapy successfully controlled his disseminated intravascular coagulation and decreased the tumor size without serious side‐effects. No relapse of KMS was observed after cease of PSL and propranolol. Combined use of propranolol and corticosteroid is expected as a candidate therapeutic tool for KMS.
New onset or transition of disease state of psoriatic arthritis during treatment with ustekinumab: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Asahina Akihiko , Umezawa Yoshinori , Momose Mami , Honda Hiromi , Yanaba Koichi , Nakagawa Hidemi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUstekinumab (UST) is a treatment option for psoriatic arthritis (PsA), but recent observations indicate that some psoriatic patients may experience new onset of PsA or worsening of pre‐existent PsA. We retrospectively analyzed all cases of psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) and PsA treated with UST in our facility between 2011 and 2015. PsA developed in eight out of 179 PsV patients, mostly later than 8 months after initiation of UST. It was generally not severe, and none had received tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α inhibitors previously, indicating that the possibility of unmasking pre‐existing subclinical arthritis is minimal. The eruptions were well controlled at the time of the onset of arthritis in most cases. Interestingly, those who developed arthritis showed a significantly lower body mass index. Regarding pre‐existing PsA, nine PsA patients received UST, and at least partial improvement of PsA could be achieved in two out of three bio‐naive and three out of six bio‐switched patients from TNF‐α inhibitors. PsA was largely more refractory to UST than the eruptions. Altogether, our present study is in agreement with the notion that UST may be less efficient than TNF‐α inhibitors for PsA. While UST cannot fully prevent new development of PsA, it is unlikely that UST increases the risk of new onset of PsA as a paradoxical adverse reaction.
Case of Mycobacterium haemophilum misdiagnosed as Mycobacterium intracellulare due to one base insertion in the bacterial genome
Authors: Nishikawa Rika , Yamada Yozo , Kanki Haruhisa , Matsuoka Hiroshi , Nakamura Tatsuya , Jikimoto Takumi , Kusuki Mari , Ishii Norihisa , Ohnuma Kenichiro , Nakanaga Kazue , Nishigori Chikako 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMycobacterium haemophilum is a slow‐growing, non‐tuberculous mycobacteria that causes cutaneous infection. We describe a case of cutaneous infection in a 68‐year‐old Japanese man with polymyositis. This was caused by M. haemophilum harboring one base insertion in gene sequence. At first, the causal microorganism was misidentified as M. intracellulare by COBAS® TaqMan® MAI test. However, poor growth on Ogawa media and growth enhancement on 7H11C agar around a hemin‐containing disk prompted us to reinvestigate the causal microorganisms, which were revealed to be M. haemophilum. Amplified polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced, and the 16S rRNA gene, rpoB, hsp65 and internal transcribed spacer region sequences showed a 100%, 100%, 99.66% and 99.7% match, respectively, with the corresponding regions of M. haemophilum, but it harbored a novel gene sequence in hsp65. The sequences determined by gene analysis of the M. haemophilum strain were deposited into the International Nucleotide Sequence Database. Although numerous cases of M. haemophilum infection have been reported in other countries, only six cases have been reported in Japan to date. It could be possible that this novel mutation lead to misdiagnosis. As M. haemophilum prefers a lower growth temperature (30–32°C) and it requires iron in the culture medium, M. haemophilum could be misidentified or overlooked. Accordingly, a M. haemophilum infection should be considered in cases of cutaneous infection of the body sites, of which surface temperature is low.
Preliminary study of analyzing mucosal human papillomaviruses in cutaneous warts by restriction fragment mass polymorphism
Authors: Park So Eun , Ha Jae Won , Kim Chul Woo , Kim Sang Seok 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) types 1, 2, 4, 7 and 57 are reportedly found in cutaneous warts. However, there are few reports that have investigated the prevalence of mucosal HPV types in cutaneous warts. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of mucosal HPV types in patients with cutaneous warts and to determine any association between HPV types and patient characteristics. We analyzed 62 wart samples that were taken from patients who were diagnosed with cutaneous warts, and 30 normal skin samples were used as negative control. We recorded the following characteristics: sex, age, type of warts, duration of warts, number of warts and patient's immune status. A matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry (MS)‐based restriction fragment mass polymorphism (RFMP) assay was used for HPV genotyping. Of the total 62 wart samples, 50 samples (81.6%) were positive for HPV genotypes. All of the negative controls (30 samples) using normal skin showed negative reaction. Mucosal HPV types (49 samples, 84.4%) were highly detected, and high‐ or probable high‐risk HPV types (39 samples, 67.2%) were more common than lower risk HPV types (10 samples, 17.2%). A statistically significant association was observed between sex, age, duration of warts and the risk of HPV types. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use the RFMP assay to analyze cutaneous wart‐associated mucosal HPV types. The high prevalence of high‐risk and probable high‐risk HPV in this study is of great significance.
From gestation to weaning: Combining robust design and multi‐event models unveils cost of lactation in a large herbivore
Authors: Richard Quentin , Toïgo Carole , Appolinaire Joël , Loison Anne , Garel Mathieu 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

The cost of current reproduction on survival or future reproduction is one of the most studied trade‐offs governing resource distribution between fitness components. Results have often been clouded, however, by the existence of individual heterogeneity, with high‐quality individuals able to allocate energy to several functions simultaneously, at no apparent cost.

Surprisingly, it has also rarely been assessed within a breeding season by breaking down the various reproductive efforts of females from gestation to weaning, even though resource availability and energy requirements vary greatly.

We filled this gap by using an intensively monitored population of Pyrenean chamois and by expanding a new methodological approach integrating robust design in a multi‐event framework. We distinguished females that gave birth or not, and among reproducing females whether they lost their kid or successfully raised it until weaning. We estimated spring and summer juvenile survival, investigated whether gestation, lactation or weaning incurred costs on the next reproductive occasion, and assessed how individual heterogeneity influenced the detection of such costs.

Contrary to expectations if trade‐offs occur, we found a positive relationship between gestation and adult survival suggesting that non‐breeding females are in poor condition. Costs of reproduction were expressed through negative relationships between lactation and both subsequent breeding probability and spring juvenile survival. Such costs could be detected only once individual heterogeneity (assessed as two groups contrasting good vs. poor breeders) and time variations in juvenile survival were accounted for. Early lactation decreased the probability of future reproduction, providing quantitative evidence of the fitness cost of this period recognized as the most energetically demanding in female mammals and critical for neonatal survival.

The new approach employed made it possible to estimate two components of kid survival that are often considered practically unavailable in free‐ranging populations, and also revealed that reproductive costs appeared only when contrasting the different stages of reproductive effort. From an evolutionary perspective, our findings stressed the importance of the temporal resolution at which reproductive cost is studied, and also provided insights on the reproductive period during which internal and external factors would be expected to have the greatest fitness impact.
Territory size decreases minimally with increasing food abundance in stream salmonids: Implications for population regulation
Authors: Grant James W. A. , Weir Laura K. , Steingrímsson Stefán Ó. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHow the local density of territorial animals responds to changes in food abundance will depend on the flexibility of territory size. Quantitative estimates of territory size over a broad range of food abundance are relatively rare because of the difficulty of measuring food abundance in the wild.Stream salmonids are an ideal model system for investigating flexibility in territory size, because food abundance can be quantified in the field and manipulated in the laboratory. We conducted a meta‐analysis to test whether territory size decreases with increasing food abundance, and a mixed model analysis to test among three competing predictions: with increasing food abundance, territory size will be (1) fixed—the slope of a regression of log territory size vs. log food abundance = 0; (2) flexible and decreasing, as if individuals are defending a fixed amount of food—a slope = −1; and (3) initially compressible, but with an asymptotic minimum size—a slope between 0 and −1.We collected data from 16 studies that manipulated or measured food abundance while monitoring changes in territory size of young‐of‐the‐year salmonids; 10 were experimental laboratory studies, whereas six were observational field studies.Overall, territory size decreased significantly with increasing food abundance; the weighted average correlation coefficient was −0.31. However, the estimated slope of the relationship between log territory size and log food abundance was only −0.23, significantly different from 0, and also significantly shallower than −1.Our estimated slope suggests that attempts to increase the density of territorial salmonids by increasing food abundance and reducing territory size will be inefficient; a 20‐fold increase in food abundance would be required to double population density. Our analysis may also have implications for other species with a territorial mosaic social system—i.e. contiguous territories. In these social systems, social inertia will dampen any effects of changes in food abundance on the local density of settlers, compared to non‐territorial species or those with non‐contiguous territories.
The Role of Auditing, Food Safety, and Food Quality Standards in the Food Industry: A Review
Authors: Kotsanopoulos Konstantinos V. , Arvanitoyannis Ioannis S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFood safety and quality audits are used widely in the food industry for various reasons (to evaluate management systems, obtain certifications to certain food safety and quality standards, assess the condition of premises and products, confirm legal compliance, and so on). Nowadays, the increased interest of consumers on food safety and quality matters, triggered mainly by recent food scandals, has enabled the public and private food sectors to develop a variety of food safety and quality standards. These standards have both advantages and disadvantages and their effectiveness depends on several factors such as the competency and skills of auditors and the standard used in each case. Although the industry continuously invests in developing and improving these systems, the number of foodborne outbreaks per year appears to be quite stable in both Europe and the United States. This may be an indication that additional measures and techniques or a different approach would be required to further improve the effectiveness of the food safety and quality management systems. This article examines the role of audits and food safety and quality assessment systems in the food industry, presenting the results of several studies and briefly describing the main food safety and quality standards currently used in Europe (with particular emphasis on the United Kingdom and Greece), the U.S., Australia–New Zealand, and Asia.
The contribution of bacterial genome engineering to sustainable development
Authors: Reuß Daniel R. , Commichau Fabian M. , Stülke Jörg 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThe United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals define important challenges for the prosperous development of mankind. To reach several of these goals, among them the production of value‐added compounds, improved economic and ecologic balance of production processes, prevention of climate change and protection of ecosystems, the use of engineered bacteria can make valuable contributions. We discuss the strategies for genome engineering and how they can be applied to meet the United Nations’ goals for sustainable development.
Synbiotic approaches to human health and well‐being
Authors: Gurry Thomas 
Published: August 2017

SummarySynbiotics refer to combinations of probiotics and prebiotics that act synergistically to confer health benefits to the host. As a therapeutic strategy, they provide a gentle yet powerful method for modulating the composition and metabolic output of the human gut microbiota. In the context of achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals, synbiotics have the potential to act as cost‐effective prophylactic measures against a variety of human ailments, ranging from infant diarrhoea to metabolic and inflammatory diseases in adults, by maintaining commensal microbial communities and metabolic networks that are conducive to human health.
Microbial biotechnology approaches to mitigating the deterioration of construction and heritage materials
Authors: Junier Pilar , Joseph Edith 
Published: August 2017

SummaryMicroorganisms are the main engines of elemental cycling in this planet and therefore have a profound impact on both organic and mineral substrates. As such, past and present human‐made structures and cultural heritage can be negatively affected by microbial activity. Processes such as bioweathering (rocks and minerals), biodeterioration (organic substrates) or biocorrosion (metals) participate to the degradation or structural damage of construction and heritage materials. This structural damage can cause major economic losses (e.g. replacement of cast‐iron pipes in water distribution networks), and in the case of heritage materials, the entire loss of invaluable objects or monuments. Even though one can regard the influence of microbial activity on construction and heritage materials as negative, remarkably, the same metabolic pathways involved in degradation can be exploited to increase the stability of these materials.