bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On controlling chaos in a discrete‐time Walrasian tâtonnement process
Authors: Naimzada Ahmad K. , Sordi Serena 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe simple pure exchange model with two individuals and two goods introduced by Day and Pianigiani in 1991, later extensively analyzed by Day and taken up again by Mukherji, is discussed and extended with the purpose of showing that chaos in a discrete tâtonnement process of this kind can be controlled if the auctioneer uses a smooth, non‐linear formulation of the price evolution process such that the price adjustment is a sigmoid‐shaped function of the excess demand, with given lower and upper limits. In particular, we show that, given the price adjustment speed and the excess demand function, the auctioneer can (a) stabilize the dynamics, (b) reduce the complexity of the attractor and (c) increase the economic significance of the adjustment process by simply acting on the lower and/or upper limits that constrain price dynamics.
Controls on upper Campanian–Maastrichtian chalk deposition in the eastern Danish Basin
Authors: Boussaha Myriam , Thibault Nicolas , Anderskouv Kresten , Moreau Julien , Stemmerik Lars 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDetailed facies analysis of a 350 m long core of upper Campanian–Maastrichtian chalk at Stevns Peninsula, eastern Denmark, shows that four mudstone and wackestone chalk facies account for close to 95% of the succession, and that bioturbated mudstone chalk alone accounts for nearly 55% of the sediment. Sedimentation took place in deep water, below the photic zone and storm‐wave base, and is characterized by decimetre to metre‐scale variations in facies and trace fossil assemblages indicating repeated shifts in depositional environment. Integration of facies with published data on sea‐surface temperature and accumulation rates suggests that sea‐surface temperature is the most important parameter in controlling stratification of the water column and thereby, indirectly, the observed variations in depositional facies. However, bioturbated mudstone chalk occurs in all stratigraphic levels independent of accumulation rates and sea temperatures and is interpreted to represent a very broad set of deep water environmental conditions with an ample supply of calcareous nannofossil debris and intense bioturbation. Longer term shifts in deposition are best expressed by distribution of clay, flint and bioturbated micro‐wackestone, bioturbated wackestone and laminated mudstone chalk facies, whereas the trace fossil assemblages appear less useful. The data set indicates overall shallowing over time with two distinctive events of clay influx to the basin during the late Campanian–earliest Maastrichtian and late Maastrichtian.
Setting Ambitious yet Achievable Targets Using Probabilistic Projections: Meeting Demand for Family Planning
Authors: Kantorová Vladimíra , New Jin Rou , Biddlecom Ann , Alkema Leontine 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn 2015, governments adopted 17 internationally agreed goals to ensure progress and well‐being in the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. These new goals present a challenge for countries to set empirical targets that are ambitious yet achievable and that can account for different starting points and rates of progress. We used probabilistic projections of family planning indicators, based on a global data set and Bayesian hierarchical modeling, to generate illustrative targets at the country level. Targets were defined as the percentage of demand for family planning satisfied with modern contraceptive methods where a country has at least a 10 percent chance of reaching the target by 2030. National targets for 2030 ranged from below 50 percent of demand satisfied with modern contraceptives (for three countries in Africa) to above 90 percent (for 41 countries from all major areas of the world). The probabilistic approach also identified countries for which a global fixed target value of 75 percent demand satisfied was either unambitious or has little chance of achievement. We present the web‐based Family Planning Estimation Tool (FPET) enabling national decision makers to compute and assess targets for meeting family planning demand.
More Than Words: The Role of Multiword Sequences in Language Learning and Use
Authors: Christiansen Morten H. , Arnon Inbal 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe ability to convey our thoughts using an infinite number of linguistic expressions is one of the hallmarks of human language. Understanding the nature of the psychological mechanisms and representations that give rise to this unique productivity is a fundamental goal for the cognitive sciences. A long‐standing hypothesis is that single words and rules form the basic building blocks of linguistic productivity, with multiword sequences being treated as units only in peripheral cases such as idioms. The new millennium, however, has seen a shift toward construing multiword linguistic units not as linguistic rarities, but as important building blocks for language acquisition and processing. This shift—which originated within theoretical approaches that emphasize language learning and use—has far‐reaching implications for theories of language representation, processing, and acquisition. Incorporating multiword units as integral building blocks blurs the distinction between grammar and lexicon; calls for models of production and comprehension that can accommodate and give rise to the effect of multiword information on processing; and highlights the importance of such units to learning. In this special topic, we bring together cutting‐edge work on multiword sequences in theoretical linguistics, first‐language acquisition, psycholinguistics, computational modeling, and second‐language learning to present a comprehensive overview of the prominence and importance of such units in language, their possible role in explaining differences between first‐ and second‐language learning, and the challenges the combined findings pose for theories of language.
Determination of threshold concentrations of plant pollens in intradermal testing using fluorescein in clinically healthy nonallergic cats
Authors: Scholz Fiona M. , Burrows Amanda K. , Griffin Craig E. , Muse Russell 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundCurrently the same allergen concentrations for canine intradermal testing (IDT) are recommended for felineIDT. Feline skin reactions are subtle and more difficult to read than canine reactions. This difference may be due to suboptimal allergen concentrations used forIDTin cats.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine the irritant threshold concentration (ITC) of 16 pollen allergens using serial dilutions of allergen and intravenous fluorescein. The hypothesis tested was that felineIDTcurrently is performed at suboptimal allergen concentrations for pollens.AnimalsTwenty privately owned healthy clinically nonallergic cats.MethodsIDTwas performed in duplicate using 16 pollen allergens (weeds, grasses and trees) at a dilution of 8000PNU/mL. Two blinded investigators graded the test reactions independently using subjective and objective criteria. Intravenous fluorescein was then administered and the test reactions were re‐evaluated.IDTwas repeated for any allergen that was positive, using serial dilutions of allergen at a concentration of 6000 and 4000PNU/mL.ResultsTheITCfor 2 of 16 of the allergens was determined. TheITCofCynodon dactylon(Bermuda grass) andSchinusspp. (Peppercorn) was determined to be between 6000 and 8000PNU/mL. TheITCof all other allergens tested in this study was >8000PNU/mL.Conclusions and clinical importanceThis study confirms that suboptimal allergen concentrations currently are used for felineIDTas theITCis >8000PNU/mL for 14 of 16 of the grass, weed and tree pollens evaluated. TheITCofCynodon dactylonandSchinusspp. was determined to be between 6000 and 8000PNU/mL.
X-ray Guided Steroid Injections for Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Osteoarthritis of the Fingers
Authors: Miller Clare A. , Dalgleish Stephen , Cox Quentin 
Published: May 2017

Background: Osteoarthritis of the finger proximal interphalangeal joints (PIPJ's) is common and severely limits hand function. Intra-articular steroid injections are frequently used, but there is little research assessing this treatment option. Methods: This was a prospective audit of patients undergoing intra-articular steroid injections into the PIPJ under image intensifier guidance. The aims were to assess the duration of pain relief, hand function and range of movement following this procedure. Fifty injected joints were followed up at six weeks, three and six months. Results: There were significant improvements in both pain scores and the range of movement for up to three months. Analgesia requirements decreased and hand function improved up to three months. By six months, patients were approaching their preinjection scores. Conclusions: X-ray guided injections are a simple procedure which can be effectively performed in the out- patient setting, resulting in satisfied patients with improved hand function and pain scores.
Fabrication, Structural Characterization and Optical Properties of Oversized ZnO Microwires
Authors: Yan S. S. , Zhang H. , Azad Fahad , Su S. C. 
Published: May 2017

In this paper, large-sized ZnO microwires (MWs) were successfully synthesized without using any catalyst, following a simple chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Highly crystalline ZnO MWs of several hundred micrometers length having diameter in the range of 10–40[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m were obtained. The synthesized MWs showed a hexagonal cross-sectional morphology and the longest MW was found to be 1[Formula: see text]mm long. The structural and optical properties of an individual large sized ZnO MWs were studied. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectra showed emissions for free excitons (FX) and donor-bound excitons (D0X) and decomposition of the D0X into FX was observed beyond 140[Formula: see text]K. The whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing in an individual ZnO MW was achieved and also confirmed by two-dimensional finite difference time domain (2D-FDTD) method. These oversized ZnO MWs may find potential applications as WGM resonant cavities and optical waveguides.
A Scalable Execution Engine for Package Queries
Authors: Brucato Matteo , Abouzied Azza , Meliou Alexandra 
Published: May 2017

Many modern applications and real-world problems involve the design of item collections, or packages: from planning your daily meals all the way to mapping the universe. Despite the pervasive need for packages, traditional data management does not offer support for their definition and computation. This is because traditional database queries follow a powerful, but very simple model: a query defines constraints that each tuple in the result must satisfy. However, a system tasked with the design of packages cannot consider items independently; rather, the system needs to determine if a set of items collectively satisfy given criteria.
In this paper, we present package queries, a new query model that extends traditional database queries to handle complex constraints and preferences over answer sets. We develop a full-fledged package query system, implemented on top of a traditional database engine. Our work makes several contributions. First, we design PaQL, a SQL-based query language that supports the declarative specification of package queries. Second, we present a fundamental strategy for evaluating package queries that combines the capabilities of databases and constraint optimization solvers. The core of our approach is a set of translation rules that transform a package query to an integer linear program. Third, we introduce an offline data partitioning strategy allowing query evaluation to scale to large data sizes. Fourth, we introduce SKETCHREFINE, an efficient and scalable algorithm for package evaluation, which offers strong approximation guarantees. Finally, we present extensive experiments over real-world data. Our results demonstrate that SKETCHREFINE is effective at deriving high-quality package results, and achieves runtime performance that is an order of magnitude faster than directly using ILP solvers over large datasets.
Force‐Sensing Catheters During Pediatric Radiofrequency Ablation: The FEDERATION Study
Authors: Dalal Aarti S. , Nguyen Hoang H. , Bowman Tammy , Van Hare George F. , Avari Silva Jennifer N. 
Published: May 2017

Background
Based on data from studies of atrial fibrillation ablations, optimal parameters for the TactiCath (TC; St. Jude Medical, Inc) force‐sensing ablation catheter are a contact force of 20 g and a force‐time integral of 400 g·s for the creation of transmural lesions. We aimed to evaluate TC in pediatric and congenital heart disease patients undergoing ablation.

Methods and Results

Comprehensive chart and case reviews were performed from June 2015 to March 2016. Of the 102 patients undergoing electrophysiology study plus ablation, 58 (57%) underwent ablation initially with a force‐sensing catheter. Patients had an average age of 14 (2.4–23) years and weight of 58 (18–195) kg with 15 patients having abnormal cardiac anatomy. Electrophysiology diagnoses for the +
TC
group included 30 accessory pathway–mediated tachycardia, 24 atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, and 7 other. Baseline generator settings included a power of 20 W, temperature of 40°, and 6 cc/min flow during lesion creation with 11 patients (19%) having alterations to parameters. Seventeen patients (30%) converted to an alternate ablation source. A total of 516 lesions were performed using the
TC
with a median contact force of 6 g, force‐time integral of 149 g·s, and lesion size index of 3.3. Median‐term follow‐up demonstrated 5 (10%) recurrences with no acute or median‐term complications.

Conclusions

TactiCath can be effectively employed in the treatment of pediatric patients with congenital heart disease with lower forces than previously described in the atrial fibrillation literature. Patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia or atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia may not require transmural lesions and the
TC
may provide surrogate markers for success during slow pathway ablation.
New Research on Tan Kah Kee (关于陈嘉庚的新研究)
Authors: Lim (林劲利) Jin Li 
Published: May 2017

This article uses heretofore unavailable or unexamined archival documents to offer new insights into and analysis of two specific historical questions concerning Tan Kah Kee. The first question has to do with the precise circumstances and motivations that underpinned Tan’s departure from Singapore in 1950, which turned out to be a permanent return to China. The second question has to do with a more recent revisionist argument that suggests that Tan tried — and failed — to escape from China in 1954 and 1957. Both questions have a certain historical significance in that they are closely connected to how Tan has been, and is, remembered in the modern histories of Singapore, the People’s Republic of China (prc), and the Chinese overseas.
The prevailing historiographical view on Tan’s permanent return to China in 1950 is that it was essentially the product of both “push and pull” factors; that is, that Tan was both pushed out of Singapore by the increasingly hostile political situation after the British pressure that was placed on him as a result of the Malayan Emergency, and attracted back to China by the “pull” that the establishment of New China (in 1949) exerted on his patriotic sentiments. Based on a close reading of archival evidence, this article demonstrates that Tan was not pushed out of Singapore. He left on his own terms, and because he wanted to play a part in New China.
The New Biography of Tan Kah Kee suggests that Tan attempted to escape to Singapore in 1954 and 1957, because he had become disillusioned with the radicalizing political situation in China, and thus decided to leave Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party behind. In this narrative, Tan’s escape ultimately fails because, in 1954, Zhou Enlai uses political blackmail to force Tan to stay and, in 1957, the British authorities in Singapore ban him from returning. This article demonstrates that this narrative is unsupported by archival evidence. Tan only made one attempt to travel to Singapore in 1955, and it was neither an escape attempt nor was it blocked by the Chinese Communists or the British. Rather than fleeing the prc, Tan was likely trying to travel to Singapore on behalf of the prc.
本文利用不可多得或迄今为止未经细查的档案文献, 为关于陈嘉庚的两个具体的历史问题提供了新的见解和分析。第一个问题围绕陈嘉庚在新加坡的种种境遇和其1950年离开新加坡并永远留在中国的动机。第二个问题有关于一个近代修正主义争论, 它指出: 陈嘉庚曾试图在 1954 年和 1957 年逃离中国, 但都以失败告终。这两个问题对陈嘉庚如何在新加坡现代史, 中华人民共和国史以及华侨华人史中被记录有着密不可分的联系, 因此具有特殊历史重要性。
对于陈嘉庚于 1950 年回归中国这历史事件, 主流观点认为这是 “推力与拉力” 两者共同作用的产物: 面对马来亚紧急状态, 英国对陈嘉庚施压, 从而加大陈嘉庚与当下政治局势日益敌视的关系, 最终迫使其被 “推” 出新加坡; 与此同时, 1949 年新中国的成立激发了他的爱国情感而将他 “拉” 回中国。基于对档案证据的仔细阅读, 本文论证了陈嘉庚并没有被 “推” 出新加坡——他的离开出于自愿, 因为他希望为新中国做出贡献。
《陈嘉庚新传》一书中提到, 中国激进的政治局势使陈嘉庚感到理想破灭, 于是他决定离开毛泽东及中国共产党。之后他分别在1954和1957年试图逃返新加坡, 但都以失败告终: 在 1954 年, 周恩来利用政治因素威胁陈嘉庚留下; 而在1957年, 新加坡的英国当局禁止他返回。本文证实此书的叙述不能被档案证据所支持。事实上, 陈嘉庚仅在 1955 年试图前往新加坡; 作为仅有的一次“离开中国,” 它不具有逃跑的企图, 陈也未被中共和英国阻拦, 反倒更像是代表中国出访新加坡。
This article is in English.
Patterns and outcomes of traumatic pancreatic injuries: A retrospective review from a large multi-institutional healthcare system
Authors: Iurcotta Toni , Addison Poppy , Amodu Leo I , Fatakhova Karina , Akerman Meredith , Galvin Daniel , Rodriguez Rilo Horacio L 
Published: May 2017

Introduction Traumatic pancreatic injuries are rare, and morbidity and mortality information are often conflicting. To determine the frequency and outcomes of patients presenting with trauma to the pancreas, we reviewed data from a large multi-institutional healthcare system for mechanism of injury, intervention, subsequent complications, in-hospital morbidity rates, and mortality. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of records of all pancreatic injury cases seen at four healthcare centers from 1990 to 2014. Descriptive measures are presented for continuous and categorical data. Mortality rates were obtained using the publicly accessible Social Security Death Master File. Results Of 69 patients with pancreatic injuries, median age was 24 years (range 1–88). Mechanisms of injury were blunt in 87% and penetrating in 11.8%. The median injury grade was 1. Most injuries involved the pancreatic head (24.6%). Median Injury Severity Score at presentation was 9. Thirty-seven (53.6%) patients required surgery. Twenty-five patients (36.2%) required total parenteral nutrition, 34 patients (49.3%) developed intra-abdominal fluid collections, 24 patients (34.8%) developed acute pancreatitis, and three (4.4%) developed endocrine insufficiency requiring insulin. Ten (14.5%) patients died. There were four (5.8%) readmissions and one re-operation (1.4%) within 30 days of discharge. Conclusion Traumatic pancreatic injuries occur most frequently in young healthy males with little or no comorbidities, and are generally associated with other acute injuries. Contrary to past reports, our results revealed a low mortality rate but significant morbidity, with the most common complications being intra-abdominal fluid collections, acute pancreatitis, and a need for total parenteral nutrition.
Higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with improved FEV1and FVC in adolescence
Authors: Flexeder Claudia , Thiering Elisabeth , Koletzko Sibylle , Berdel Dietrich , Lehmann Irina , von Berg Andrea , Hoffmann Barbara , Bauer Carl-Peter , Heinrich Joachim , Schulz Holger 
Published: May 2017

Vitamin D plays a role in the development of the immune system and the lung, as well as in airway remodelling. Therefore, this study investigated the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and spirometric lung function parameters at age 15 years.In the German birth cohorts GINIplus and LISAplus, lung function testing by spirometry and 25(OH)D measurements were performed during the 15-year follow-up examinations. Valid lung function measurements pre- and/or post-bronchodilation and serum 25(OH)D concentrations, which were adjusted for the date of blood sampling to account for seasonal variability, were available for 2607 adolescents. Associations between 25(OH)D concentrations and spirometric parameters were analysed using generalised additive models adjusted for confounding factors.Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly associated with forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC measured before bronchodilation after adjustment for potential confounders: FEV1increased by 10 mL (95% CI 2–17), FVC by 20 mL (95% CI 12–28) and FEV1/FVC decreased by 0.177% (95% CI −0.286 to −0.067) per 10 nmol·L−1increase in 25(OH)D concentrations. Flow rates (forced expiratory flow rates at 25, 50 and 75% of exhaled FVC (FEF25, FEF50, FEF75) and mean flow rate between 25 and 75% of FVC (FEF25–75)) were not associated with vitamin D. Similar associations were observed for lung function parameters measured after bronchodilation.Vitamin D concentrations are positively associated with volume-related lung function parameters pre- and post-bronchodilation, suggesting structural changes in peripheral airways.
Burden of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in Germany
Authors: Diel Roland , Jacob Josephine , Lampenius Niklas , Loebinger Michael , Nienhaus Albert , Rabe Klaus F. , Ringshausen Felix C. 
Published: May 2017

The objective of this study was to estimate the burden of disease in incident patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD).A sample of 7 073 357 anonymised persons covered by German public statutory health insurances was used to identify patients with NTM-PD. In total, 125 patients with newly diagnosed NTM-PD in 2010 and 2011 were matched with 1250 control patients by age, sex and Charlson Comorbidity Index, and followed for 39 months.The incidence rate for NTM-PD was 2.6 per 100 000 insured persons (95% CI 2.2–3.1). The mortality rate for patients with NTM-PD and the control group in the observational period was 22.4% and 6%, respectively (p<0.001). Mean direct expenditure per NTM-PD patient was €39 559.60 (95% CI 26 916.49–52 202.71), nearly 4-fold (3.95, 95% CI 3.73–4.19) that for a matched control (€10 006.71, 95% CI 8907.24–11 106.17). Hospitalisations were three times higher in the NTM-PD group and accounted for 63% of the total costs. Attributable annual direct costs and indirect work-loss costs in NTM-PD patients were €9093.20 and €1221.05 per control patient, respectively. Only 74% of NTM-PD patients received antibiotics and nearly 12% were prescribed macrolide monotherapy.Although NTM-PD is considered rare, the attributable mortality and financial burden in Germany are high. Efforts to heighten awareness of appropriate therapy are urgently needed.
Parallel in vivo monitoring of pH in gill capillaries and muscles of fishes using microencapsulated biomarkers
Authors: Borvinskaya Ekaterina , Gurkov Anton , Shchapova Ekaterina , Baduev Boris , Shatilina Zhanna , Sadovoy Anton , Meglinski Igor , Timofeyev Maxim 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Tracking physiological parameters in different organs within the same organism simultaneously and in real time can provide an outstanding representation of the organism's physiological status. The state-of-the-art technique of using encapsulated fluorescent molecular probes (microencapsulated biomarkers) is a unique tool that can serve as a platform for the development of new methods to obtain in vivo physiological measurements and is applicable to a broad range of organisms. Here, we describe a novel technique to monitor the pH of blood inside the gill capillaries and interstitial fluid of muscles by using microencapsulated biomarkers in a zebrafish model. The functionality of the proposed technique is shown by the identification of acidification under anesthesia-induced coma and after death. The pH in muscles reacts to hypoxia faster than that in the gill bloodstream, which makes both parameters applicable as markers of either local or bodily reactions.