bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short note on a new anurognathid pterosaur with evidence of perching behaviour from Jianchang of Liaoning Province, China
Authors: Lü Junchang , Meng Qingjin , Wang Baopeng , Liu Di , Shen Caizhi , Zhang Yuguang 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

A new anurognathid pterosaur,
Vesperopterylus lamadongensis
gen. et sp. nov., is erected based on a complete skeleton with a skull preserved. It is characterized by two short distinct ridges present on the ventral surface of the cervical vertebrae; coracoids slightly longer than scapula; humerus, wing phalanx 3 and tibia nearly the same in length; grooves clearly present on the posterior surface of the wing phalanges 1–3; and the first toe reversed. It is the first anurognathid pterosaur from China with a definitively short tail, and the first pterosaur with a reversed first toe. The reversed first toe of
Vesperopterylus
indicates that it had arboreal habitats. The discovery of
Vesperopterylus lamadongensis
from the Jiufotang Formation strongly expands the geological age range for anurognathid pterosaurs.
Application-Aware Swapping for Mobile Systems
Authors: Kim Sang-Hoon , Jeong Jinkyu , Kim Jin-Soo 
Published: September 2017

There has been a constant demand for memory in modern mobile systems to provide users with better experience. Swapping is one of the cost-effective software solutions to provide extra usable memory by reclaiming inactive pages and improving memory utilization. However, swapping has not been actively adopted to mobile systems since it incurs a significant amount of I/O, which in fact impairs system performance as well as user experience.
In this paper, we propose a novel scheme to properly harness the swapping to mobile systems. We identify that a vast amount of I/O for swapping comes from the conflict of the traditional page-level approach of the swapping and the process-level memory management scheme tailored to mobile systems. Moreover, we find out that the current victim page selection policy is not effective due to the process-level policy. To address these problems, we revise the victim selection policy to resolve the conflict and to selectively perform swapping according to the efficacy of swapping. Evaluation using a running prototype with realistic workloads indicates that the propose scheme effectively reduces the paging traffic, thereby improving user experience as well as energy consumption.
Memory-guided saccades show effect of a perceptual illusion whereas visually guided saccades do not
Authors: Massendari Delphine , Lisi Matteo , Collins Thérèse , Cavanagh Patrick 
Published: September 2017

The double-drift stimulus (a drifting Gabor with orthogonal internal motion) generates a large discrepancy between its physical and perceived path. Surprisingly, saccades directed to the double-drift stimulus land along the physical, and not perceived, path (Lisi M, Cavanagh P. Curr Biol 25: 2535−2540, 2015). We asked whether memory-guided saccades exhibited the same dissociation from perception. Participants were asked to keep their gaze centered on a fixation dot while the double-drift stimulus moved back and forth on a linear path in the periphery. The offset of the fixation was the go signal to make a saccade to the target. In the visually guided saccade condition, the Gabor kept moving on its trajectory after the go signal but was removed once the saccade began. In the memory conditions, the Gabor disappeared before or at the same time as the go-signal (0- to 1,000-ms delay) and participants made a saccade to its remembered location. The results showed that visually guided saccades again targeted the physical rather than the perceived location. However, memory saccades, even with 0-ms delay, had landing positions shifted toward the perceived location. Our result shows that memory- and visually guided saccades are based on different spatial information. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We compared the effect of a perceptual illusion on two types of saccades, visually guided vs. memory-guided saccades, and found that whereas visually guided saccades were almost unaffected by the perceptual illusion, memory-guided saccades exhibited a strong effect of the illusion. Our result is the first evidence in the literature to show that visually and memory-guided saccades use different spatial representations.
MYC Inhibition Depletes Cancer Stem-like Cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Yang Aimin , Qin Shenghui , Schulte Bradley A. , Ethier Stephen P. , Tew Kenneth D. , Wang Gavin Y. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
There is mounting evidence that cancer stem-like cells (CSC) are selectively enriched in residual tumors after anticancer therapies, which may account for tumor recurrence and metastasis by regenerating new tumors. Thus, there is a critical need to develop new therapeutic agents that can effectively eliminate drug-resistant CSCs and improve the efficacy of cancer therapy. Here, we report that Triptolide (C1572), a small-molecule natural product, selectively depletes CSCs in a dose-dependent fashion in human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. Nanomolar concentrations of C1572 markedly reduced c-MYC (MYC) protein levels via a proteasome-dependent mechanism. Silencing MYC expression phenocopied the CSC depletion effects of C1572 and induced senescence in TNBC cells. Limited dilution assays revealed that ex vivo treatment of TNBC cells with C1572 reduced CSC levels by 28-fold. In mouse xenograft models of human TNBC, administration of C1572 suppressed tumor growth and depleted CSCs in a manner correlated with diminished MYC expression in residual tumor tissues. Together, these new findings provide a preclinical proof of concept defining C1572 as a promising therapeutic agent to eradicate CSCs for drug-resistant TNBC treatment. Cancer Res; 77(23); 6641–50. ©2017 AACR.
Voluntary Wheel Running Reduces the Acute Inflammatory Response to Liver Carcinogen in a Sex-specific Manner
Authors: Bay M.L. , Gehl Julie , Pedersen Bente Klarlund , Hojman Pernille 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Inflammation contributes to the development of cancer, yet acute inflammatory responses are also needed to eradicate tumorigenic cells and activate adaptive immune responses to combat cancer. Physical exercise has direct immunomodulatory effects, and in line with this, exercise has been demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth, including diethylnitrosamine-(DEN)-induced hepatocarcinoma. Having observed a sex-dependent development of DEN-induced hepatocarcinoma, we aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise and sex on the acute inflammatory response to DEN. Thus, we randomized male and female mice to cages with or without running wheels for 6 weeks, whereafter DEN was administered and the inflammatory response was evaluated for up to 96 hours. DEN administration caused marked acute inflammatory responses in female mice with weight loss, reduced food intake, release of liver enzymes, and increased systemic levels of IL6. Moreover, DEN caused increased hepatic expression of cytokines, immune cell markers, and components of the toll-like receptor signaling pathway. In male mice, DEN administration provoked similar physiologic effects with weight loss and reduced food intake, but less systemic and hepatic acute inflammation, which was associated with a higher baseline expression of the detoxifying enzyme glutathione S-transferase and lower expression of ERα in male mice. Voluntary wheel running attenuated systemic and hepatic inflammation, in particular in the female mice, and shifted the peak time of the inflammatory response. In conclusion, DEN elicited an acute inflammatory response in particular in female mice, and this response was attenuated by prior exercise. Cancer Prev Res; 10(12); 719–28. ©2017 AACR.
Impact of Stent Size Selection on Acute and Long-Term Outcomes After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in De Novo Coronary Lesions
Authors: Kitahara Hideki , Okada Kozo , Kimura Takumi , Yock Paul G. , Lansky Alexandra J. , Popma Jeffrey J. , Yeung Alan C. , Fitzgerald Peter J. , Honda Yasuhiro 
Published: September 2017

Background—
Although significant undersizing often results in incomplete stent apposition or underexpansion, the possible impact of oversized stent implantation on arterial wall injury has not been systematically investigated with drug-eluting stents. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of stent oversizing on acute and long-term outcomes after drug-eluting stents implantation in de novo coronary lesions.

Methods and Results—

Serial (baseline and 6–12 months) coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound were performed in 2931 lesions treated with drug-eluting stents (355 sirolimus, 846 paclitaxel, 1387 zotarolimus, and 343 everolimus). The percentage of stent oversizing to angiographic reference vessel diameter (RVD) was calculated as (nominal stent diameter–RVD)/RVD×100 (%). Clinical outcomes, including target lesion revascularization and stent thrombosis, were followed for 1 year. Overall, smaller preintervention RVD was associated with higher percentage of stent oversizing (
P
<0.001). The significant oversizing group underwent less post-dilatation (
P
=0.002) but achieved greater stent expansion (
P
<0.001) and less incomplete stent apposition (
P
<0.001) without increase of edge dissection after procedure. When stratified by vessel size and stent oversizing, progressive decreases of restenosis (
P
=0.002) and target lesion revascularization rates (
P
=0.007) were found in favor of larger vessel size and oversized stents. Stent thrombosis was observed the most in small RVD with low percentage of stent oversizing group among the subgroups (
P
=0.040).

Conclusions—
The positive impact of stent oversizing was documented on procedural and clinical outcomes. In particular, small vessels treated with smaller stents were associated with greater adverse events, suggesting that aggressive selection of larger stents, with appropriate attention to edge effects, may optimize long-term outcomes, even in drug-eluting stents implantation.
Comparative Outcomes of Patients With Advanced Renal Dysfunction Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in the United States From 2011 to 2014
Authors: Mohananey Divyanshu , Griffin Brian P. , Svensson Lars G. , Popovic Zoran B. , Tuzcu E. Murat , Rodriguez L. Leonardo , Kapadia Samir R. , Desai Milind Y. 
Published: September 2017

Background—
Renal dysfunction is intricately linked to aortic stenosis, with over 25% patients presenting for transcatheter aortic valve replacement having chronic kidney disease (CKD). Prevalence and outcomes of patients with CKD, especially those with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), are controversial. We aimed to compare in-hospital outcomes of patients with CKD or ESRD with those patients with no CKD/ESRD.

Methods and Results—

Data were obtained using the national inpatient sample between the years 2011 and 2014. We used the
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification
procedure codes 350.5 and 350.6 to identify patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Primary outcome of interest was in-hospital mortality. A 2-tailed
P
value <0.01 was considered to denote statistical significance for all analyses. We identified 42 189 patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement between the years 2011 and 2014. Of these, 62.1% (n=26 229) had no CKD/ESRD, 33.7% (n=14 252) had CKD, and 4% (n=1708) had ESRD. Patients with CKD or ESRD had greater in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay, hemorrhage requiring transfusion, and permanent pacemaker implantation (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
Patients with CKD and ESRD have increased in-hospital mortality and periprocedural adverse events with longer hospital length of stay, when compared with those without CKD
A Beamformer to Play with Wall Reflections: The Icosahedral Loudspeaker
Authors: Zotter Franz , Zaunschirm Markus , Frank Matthias , Kronlachner Matthias 
Published: September 2017

The quote from Pierre Boulez, given as an epigraph to this article, inspired French researchers to start developing technology for spherical loudspeaker arrays in the 1990s. The hope was to retain the naturalness of sound sources. Now, a few decades later, one might be able to show that even more can be done: In electroacoustic music, using the icosahedral loudspeaker array called IKO seems to enable spatial gestures that enrich alien sounds with a tangible acoustic naturalness. After a brief discussion of directivity-based composition in computer music, the first part of the article describes the technical background of the IKO, its usage in a digital audio workstation, and psychoacoustic evidence regarding the auditory objects the IKO produces. The second part deals with acoustic equations of spherical beamforming, how the IKO's loudspeakers are controlled correspondingly, how we deal with excursion limits, and the resulting beam patterns generated by the IKO.
Cognition and connectomes in nondementia idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Colon-Perez Luis M. , Tanner Jared J. , Couret Michelle , Goicochea Shelby , Mareci Thomas H. , Price Catherine C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the organization of the structural connectome in cognitively well participants with Parkinson’s disease (PD-Well; n = 31) and a subgroup of participants with Parkinson’s disease who have amnestic disturbances (PD-MI; n = 9). We explore correlations between connectome topology and vulnerable cognitive domains in Parkinson’s disease relative to non-Parkinson’s disease peers (control, n = 40). Diffusion-weighted MRI data and deterministic tractography were used to generate connectomes. Connectome topological indices under study included weighted indices of node strength, path length, clustering coefficient, and small-worldness. Relative to controls, node strength was reduced 4.99% for PD-Well (p = 0.041) and 13.2% for PD-MI (p = 0.004). We found bilateral differences in the node strength between PD-MI and controls for inferior parietal, caudal middle frontal, posterior cingulate, precentral, and rostral middle frontal. Correlations between connectome and cognitive domains of interest showed that topological indices of global connectivity negatively associated with working memory and displayed more and larger negative correlations with neuropsychological indices of memory in PD-MI than in PD-Well and controls. These findings suggest that indices of network connectivity are reduced in PD-MI relative to PD-Well and control participants.
The Regulation of Tornado Intensity by Updraft Width
Authors: Trapp Robert J. , Marion Geoffrey R. , Nesbitt Stephen W. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Strong to violent tornadoes cause a disproportionate amount of damage, in part because the width and length of a tornado damage track are correlated to tornado intensity (as now estimated through enhanced Fujita scale ratings). The tendency expressed in the observational record is that the most intense tornadoes are often the widest. Herein the authors explore the simple hypothesis that wide intense tornadoes should form more readily out of wide rotating updrafts. This hypothesis is based on an application of Kelvin’s circulation theorem, which is used to argue that the large circulation associated with a wide intense tornado is more plausibly associated with a wide mesocyclone. Because a mesocyclone is, strictly speaking, a rotating updraft, the mesocyclone width should increase with increasing updraft width. A simple mathematical model that is quantified using observations of mesocyclones supports this hypothesis, as do idealized numerical simulations of supercellular thunderstorms.
Investigation of the Intra-Annual Variability of the North Equatorial Countercurrent/North Brazil Current Eddies and of the Instability Waves of the North Tropical Atlantic Ocean Using Satellite Altimetry and Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Mélice Jean-Luc , Arnault Sabine 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe intra-annual variability of the tropical Atlantic Ocean north of the equator is investigated with satellite altimetry mean sea level anomaly data and with an algorithm based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) methods. Two regions of high variability are identified. The first region, between 3° and 12°N, is characterized by the presence of westward-propagating eddies linked to the North Brazil Current (NBC) retroflection in the vicinity of the Brazilian coast. They show a strong annual cycle. In this paper the EMD algorithm points out that this signal is frequency modulated shifting from large length-scale structures in October to smaller ones in March. Consequently, the number of “eddies” per year can be aliased, according to the time and location of sampling, and can impact the percentage they explain of the interhemispheric exchange of mass and heat associated with the meridional overturning circulation’s upper limb. A scenario concerning this dynamics is proposed. The second region reveals the presence of westward-propagating instability waves centered north of the equator (3°–7°N) between 50° and 10°W. These instability waves are also frequency modulated and show a strong seasonal cycle with maximum amplitude around August.
Is the level of education associated with transitions between care settings in older adults near the end of life? A nationwide, retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kelfve Susanne , Wastesson Jonas , Fors Stefan , Johnell Kristina , Morin Lucas 
Published: September 2017

Background: End-of-life transitions between care settings can be burdensome for older adults and their relatives. Aim: To analyze the association between the level of education of older adults and their likelihood to experience care transitions during the final months before death. Design: Nationwide, retrospective cohort study using register data. Setting/participants: Older adults (⩾65 years) who died in Sweden in 2013 ( n = 75,722). Place of death was the primary outcome. Institutionalization and multiple hospital admissions during the final months of life were defined as secondary outcomes. The decedents’ level of education (primary, secondary, or tertiary education) was considered as the main exposure. Multivariable analyses were stratified by living arrangement and adjusted for sex, age at time of death, illness trajectory, and number of chronic diseases. Results: Among community-dwellers, older adults with tertiary education were more likely to die in hospitals than those with primary education (55.6% vs 49.9%; odds ratio (OR) = 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.14–1.28), but less likely to be institutionalized during the final month before death (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.76–0.91). Decedents with higher education had greater odds of remaining hospitalized continuously during their final 2 weeks of life (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.02–1.22). Among older adults living in nursing homes, we found no association between the decedents’ level of education and their likelihood to be hospitalized or to die in hospitals. Conclusion: Compared with those who completed only primary education, individuals with higher educational attainment were more likely to live at home until the end of life, but also more likely to be hospitalized and die in hospitals.
Differences between incarcerated and non-incarcerated patients who die in community hospitals highlight the need for palliative care services for seriously ill prisoners in correctional facilities and in community hospitals: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Rothman Alex , McConville Shannon , Hsia Renee , Metzger Lia , Ahalt Cyrus , Williams Brie A 
Published: September 2017

Background: Incarcerated populations worldwide are aging dramatically; in the United States, prisoner mortality rates have reached an all-time high. Little is known about the incarcerated patients who die in community hospitals. Aim: Compare incarcerated and non-incarcerated hospital decedents in California. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting/participants: All state hospital decedents ( N = 370,831) from 2009 to 2013, decedent age over time examined with additional data (2001–2013). Results: Overall, 745 incarcerated and 370,086 non-incarcerated individuals died in California hospitals. Incarcerated decedents were more often male (93% vs 51%), Black (19% vs 8%) Latino (27% vs 19%), younger (55 vs 73 years), had shorter hospitalizations (13 vs 16 days), and fewer had an advance care plan (23% vs 36%, p < 0.05). Incarcerated decedents had higher rates of cancer, liver disease, HIV/AIDs, and mental health disorders. Cause of death was disproportionately missing for incarcerated decedents. The average age of incarcerated decedents rose between 2001 and 2013, while it remained stable for others. Conclusion: Palliative care services in correctional facilities should accommodate the needs of relatively young patients and those with mental illness. Given the simultaneous growth in the older prisoner population with the rising age of incarcerated hospital decedents, community hospital clinicians should be prepared to care for seriously ill, incarcerated patients. Significant epidemiologic differences between incarcerated and non-incarcerated decedents in this study suggest the importance of examining the differential palliative care needs of incarcerated patients in all communities.
Predictors of patient-related benefit, burden and feeling safe in relation to hospital admissions in palliative care: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Robinson Jackie , Gott Merryn , Frey Rosemary , Gardiner Clare , Ingleton Christine 
Published: September 2017

Background: Research exploring patient experience of palliative care in the hospital setting has previously been limited to negative aspects of care. However, recent studies have shown that patients with palliative care needs experience benefits being in hospital. Little is known about how experiences of benefit and burden vary according to socio-demographic and illness-related factors and how these experiences influence patient preferences to return to hospital. Aim: To identify factors influencing experiences of benefit and burden and the predictors associated with a preference to return to hospital in palliative care. Design: Cross-sectional design using a questionnaire survey. Setting/participants: In total, 116 hospital inpatients admitted with palliative care needs in an urban hospital in New Zealand. Recruitment was from an oncology ward, four general medical wards and a respiratory ward. Results: Those living in more deprived areas experienced more benefit being in hospital ( F(4, 109) = 3.15, p = 0.017), while younger people ( F(4, 109) = 4.44, p = 0.00) and those from Asian or Pacific cultures ( F(2, 111) = 7.78, p = 0.000) experienced more burden. Those with a non-cancer diagnosis felt less safe in hospital ( p = 0.04). ‘Feeling safe’ was a significant ( B = 0.14, p = 0.03) predictor for a preference to return to hospital. Conclusion: Deprivation, diagnosis, age and ethnicity influenced experiences of benefit and burden in hospital. ‘Feeling safe’ was a significant predictor for a preference to return to hospital. Further research is needed to understand why certain patient factors influence experiences of hospitalisation and how ‘feeling safe’ can be replicated in other care environments.