bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Underlying causes of poor outcomes in the treatment of children with fractures of the capitulum of the distal humeru
Authors: Kuptsova Olga A , Baindurashvili Alexei G , Nikitin Maksim S 
Published: April 2016

This study aimed to determine the causative factors underlying poor outcomes in the treatment of children with fractures of the capitulum of the distal humerus.Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of community-based treatment of 36 patients with fractures of the capitulum of the distal humerus who presented to the Department of rehabilitation between 2010 and 2015 owing to poor treatment outcomes. Analysis only involved patients presenting with an extensive dataset with regard to their treatment, including X-rays taken at the time of the injury and at subsequent stages of treatment.Results: It was found that there had been inaccuracies at the stage of diagnosis in 47.2% of patients, errors in the selection of treatment in 13.9%, and errors in post-operative management in 38.9%.Conclusion: When interpreting radiographs, it is important that physicians clearly assess the degree of displacement when evaluating fractures of the capitulum of the distal humerus. Dislocated fractures require the most accurate reposition. When choosing a treatment method, it is important to predict the possibility of post-traumatic complications. Accumulating evidence of clinical errors indicates that more attention should be paid to the treatment of elbow fractures during the postgraduate education of specialists.
Efeitos da Sinvastatina como coadjuvante no tratamento da doença periodontal induzida em ratos
Authors: Souza Eduardo Quintão Manhanini , Swerts Andressa Araújo , Bruzadelli Simone Ribeiro , Brigagão Maísa Ribeiro Pereira Lima , Lima Daniela Coelho de , Fernandes Leandro Araújo 
Published: April 2016

O estudo avaliou a Sinvastatina no tratamento da doença periodontal (DP) em ratos. Trinta e seis animais foram divididos em Grupo Controle (C) que receberam oralmente soro fisiológico e Sinvastatina (S) que receberam oralmente Sinvastatina. Após 24 horas, a DP foi induzida utilizando-se um fio de algodão na região dento-gengival dos primeiros molares inferiores esquerdos. Após 7 dias, a ligadura foi removida e os animais receberam raspagem e alisamento radicular (RAR) e irrigação com soro fisiológico.
Os animais foram eutanasiados aos 7, 15 e 30 dias. Radiograficamente, o tratamento com RAR mostrou uma menor perda óssea (PO) no Grupo S comparado ao C em todos os períodos. Concluiu-se que a Sinvastatina
associada à RAR foi efetiva na redução da PO em ratos.
Utilização da toxina botulínica no tratamento do bruxismo em pacientes portadores de paralisia cerebral: revisão de literatura
Authors: Santos Bruna Michalski dos , Picciani Bruna Lavinas Sayed , Silva-Júnior Geraldo Oliveira , Souza Thays Teixeira de , Pinheiro Hyllari Curty , Izahias Lívia Maria S. , Bastos Luciana Freitas , Marega Tatiane 
Published: April 2016

A paralisia cerebral (PC) é caracterizada por lesão cerebral não progressiva, sendo a causa mais frequente de deficiência física infantil. Os problemas neuromusculares afetam a saúde bucal, sendo o bruxismo um achado
frequente. Este é caracterizado pela aplicação de forças excessivas nos músculos mastigatórios, podendo causar disfunção da articulação temporomandibular, dores de cabeça e desgaste dentário. Recentemente a injeção local da toxina botulínica foi relatada como excelente opção terapêutica. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar revisão de literatura sobre o tratamento do bruxismo com a utilização da toxina botulínica na PC.
ESTRATÉGIA DE DIVERSIFICAÇÃO SEGUNDO A VISÃO BASEADA EM RECURSOS: ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA EMPRESA DE ALIMENTOS
Authors: De França Alcantara Paulo Guilherme , Silva de Lima Danilo Felipe , Felinto da Costa Cardoso Paula Izabela , Gohr Cláudia Fabiana 
Published: April 2016

<p>O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o processo de mudança estratégica em uma empresa que a levou a adotar a estratégia de diversificação segundo a visão baseada em recursos. Foi feito um estudo de caso longitudinal em uma empresa que atua no setor de alimentos. Os recursos <em>know-how</em> dos funcionários, nível de reputação, conhecimento do negócio, investimento em gestão integrada da qualidade e do conhecimento, treinamentos; e, as capacidades melhoria contínua e capacidade de inovação contribuem diretamente para a implementação da estratégia de diversificação e para a vantagem competitiva da organização, exceto investimento em gestão do conhecimento e treinamentos. </p>
Las migraciones y el envejecimiento de la población
Authors: Martín Moreno Jaime 
Published: April 2016

Dice un proverbio mexicano: "No pidas a Dios que te dé. Pídele que te ponga donde hay". A los Magrebíes, a los Subsaharianos, a los Latinoamericanos los está poniendo Dios donde hay: en España, en la Europa rica y vieja. España es, en el año 2001, uno de los países más ricos del mundo y uno de los más viejos. Como paso obligado de África y de Latinoamérica a Europa tiene todas las características para ser un país de inmigración. En Madrid se va a construir el mayor aeropuerto europeo. No es casualidad. Hasta hace poco, en España teníamos un Instituto Nacional de Emigración, ahora tenemos un Ministerio de Inmigración que es realmente lo que representa la Delegación del Gobierno para la Inmigración.
La migración, tanto si es legal como ilegal, puede alterar profundamente a una comunidad o a todo un país en muy poco tiempo. El sur y el este de España es un ejemplo. La migración representa, junto con la fecundidad y la mortalidad, uno de los fenómenos básicos en demografía. Se diferencia de la natalidad y mortalidad en muchos aspectos, además de los obvios. Para empezar tenemos que la migración resulta muy difícil de medir. Sabemos menos sobre ella que sobre la mortalidad o la fecundidad. Ello significa que lo que sabemos acerca de las complejas razones por la que la gente emigra es aún menos que lo que sabemos acerca de por qué tienen hijos (cuestión ésta compleja) y de por qué mueren. Por otro lado, ya pesar de ello, la migración ha sido objeto de un control gubernamental mucho mayor que la fecundidad y la mortalidad, y al mismo tiempo los gobiernos son muy reacios a dar información clara y continuada de la misma.
Grado de conocimiento y aplicabilidad de la formación continua en el tejido empresarial getafense
Authors: Valmorisco Pizarro Segundo , Herranz Guillén José Luis 
Published: April 2016

“Los mercados de trabajo locales son los más dinámicos en la creación de empleo. La importancia que tiene eliminar las barreras a la formación para favorecer el resto de las medidas de empleo en estos ámbitos sugieren que los poderes públicos y la sociedad civil tienen que hacer esfuerzos para desarrollar estructuras de formación externas a las empresas, sobre todo para las PYMES” (Sáez, 1997).

Los orígenes de la formación continua en España (principios de la década de los 80) coinciden con la consolidación de la democracia, junto con la profundización de la crisis económica (inflación del 9% anual y tasa de paro del 21%1, siendo en la actualidad del 11,5%), y el momento más bajo de la tasa de ocupación (39%, siendo en la actualidad para el total nacional de148%). En este escenario es cuando por primera vez representantes políticos y representantes de los agentes sociales asumen compromisos tripartitos sobre la necesidad de poner al día y coordinar las políticas de formación profesional para responder adecuadamente a los nuevos requerimientos del mercado de trabajo.
A su vez, la libre circulación de los trabajadores y el desarrollo del mercado único europeo (por el ingreso de España en la Comunidad Europea) obligó a un gran número de sectores a realizar fuertes ajustes estructurales, de manera que tanto las empresas como los trabajadores tuvieron que hacer frente a profundas reestructuraciones organizativas y tecnológicas, en un marco en el que la competitividad de las empresas se configuraba como uno de los motores del crecimiento económico y del mantenimiento y generación de empleo.
Aortic Wall Extracellular Matrix Proteins Correlate with Syntax Score in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Chiong Terri , Cheow Esther S. H. , Woo Chin C. , Lin Xiao Y. , Khin Lay W. , Lee Chuen N. , Hartman Mikael , Sze Siu K. , Sorokin Vitaly A. 
Published: April 2016

Aims:
The SYNTAX score correlate with major cardiovascular events post-revascularization, although the histopathological basis is unclear. We aim to evaluate the association between syntax score and extracellular matrix histological characteristics of aortic punch tissue obtained during coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). This analysis compares coronary artery bypass surgery patients with High and Low syntax score which were followed up for one year period.

Methods and Results:
Patients with High (score ≥ 33, (n=77)) and Low Syntax Scores (score ≤ 22, (n=71)) undergoing elective CABG were recruited prospectively. Baseline clinical characteristics and surgical risks were well matched. At 1 year, EMACCE (Sum of cardiovascular death, stroke, congestive cardiac failure, and limb, gut and myocardial ischemia) was significantly elevated in the High syntax group (P=0.022). Mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative iTRAQ proteomic results validated on independent cohort by immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed that the High syntax group had significantly upraised Collagen I (P<0.0001) and Elastin (P<0.0001) content in ascending aortic wall.

Conclusion:
This study shows that aortic extracellular matrix (ECM) differ between High and Low syntax groups with up-regulation of Collagen I and Elastin level in High Syntax Score group. This identifies aortic punches collected during CABG as another biomarker source related with atherosclerosis severity and possible clinical outcome.
Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri Populations and Numbers in Europe: A Complete Overview
Authors: Pârâu Liviu G. , Strubbe Diederik , Mori Emiliano , Menchetti Mattia , Ancillotto Leonardo , Kleunen André van , White Rachel L. , Luna Álvaro , Hernández-Brito Dailos , Louarn Marine Le , Clergeau Philippe , Albayrak Tamer , Franz Detlev , Braun Michael P. , Schroeder Julia , Wink Michael 
Published: April 2016

Background:
Alien species are one of the major causes contributing to biodiversity loss. In Europe, over 340 alien bird species have been recorded in the wild, of which 74 are established. Among 12 established alien parrot species in Europe, the Rose-ringed Parakeet (RRP) Psittacula krameri is the most abundant and widespread.

Objective:
Although one of the best documented alien vertebrates in Europe, historical and current datasets on RRP invasion success and demography have not been systematically collated and analysed. This paper therefore aims to bring together, verify and make available this information.

Method:
Existing distribution and demographic data for the RRP in Europe were collated from the following sources: (a) literature search; (b) bird sighting databases; (c) regional bird experts; (d) RRP roost counts. With this data, we evaluated population size and growth per population, country and the whole of Europe in the period 1965-2015.

Results:
The RRP is well established in Europe with at least 90 breeding populations in 10 countries, and a total population size of at least 85,000 birds as of 2015. For Western Europe, long-term demographic data indicate the species has grown considerably in number, although some populations have failed to persist. Data is scarce for countries in Central, Eastern and Northern Europe.

Conclusion:
Our synthesis reveals a positive demographic trend across Europe, although locally, some populations appear to have reached carrying capacity. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying RRP population growth in Europe, and methods amenable to citizen-scientists are urgently required to monitor population and range dynamics.
Effect of vanadium addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of low carbon micro-alloyed powder metallurgy steels
Authors: Erden Mehmet Akif , Gündüz Süleyman , Karabulut Hasan , Türkmen Mustafa 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In the present experimental work, the effects of vanadium additions on the microstructures and mechanical properties of powder metallurgy (PM) steel and microalloyed powder metallurgy (PM) steels were investigated. The microstructures of the PM steel and microalloyed PM steels were characterized by optic microscope, SEM and EDS. Experimental results showed that vanadium microalloyed steels can be produced by PM technology. The addition of vanadium limits grain growth during austenitization prior to air cooling and increases the strength in the sintered conditions. By limiting austenite grain growth, the precipitates result in significant improvement in strength.
Application of the three-high skew rolling to magnesium rods production
Authors: Stefanik Andrzej , Szota Piotr , Mroz Sebastian , Dyja Henryk 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The main purpose of this paper was the theoretical and laboratory analysis of 20 mm AZ31 magnesium alloy rods rolled in the three-high skew rolling mill process. For this, the numerical analysis was carried out by using Forge2011® computer program. Based on the theoretical results, the distributions of stress, strain and temperature were determined. It turned out that rolling on the three-high skew rolling mill allows the rolling process to be run with high elongation factors in a single pass, which makes the skew rolling more economical and reduces the losses for roll mechanical working. After the rolling in three-high skew rolling mill, the rods of 20 mm diameter were straight, without surface defects and a low ovality.
Effect of heat treatment on an AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel evaluated by the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient
Authors: Moghanizadeh Abbas , Farzi Abolfazl 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe properties of metals can be substantially changed by various methods, one of them is using heat treatment processes. Moreover, ultrasonic testing is the most preferred and effective, nondestructive testing technique for characterization of mechanical material properties. Austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 serves in many applications due to high strength and corrosion resistance. In certain applications, it is important to evaluate the mechanical properties of AISI 304 stainless steel. In this study, the ultrasonic method (attenuation measurement technique) is used to evaluate the hardness of AISI 304 stainless steel samples which were heat treated at different levels. Due to the heat treatment process, each sample has its specific microstructure and hardness which attenuate ultrasonic waves appropriately. The ultrasonic and hardness test show that it is possible to evaluate the hardness of AISI 304 stainless steel by ultrasonic attenuation coefficient. In addition, the relationship between ultrasonic attenuation coefficients and time of heat treatment is investigated.
In-situ grown interwoven NiSe on Ni foam as a catalyst for hydrazine oxidation
Authors: Dong Bin , Li Xiao , Shang Xiao , Chai Yong-Ming , Liu Chen-Guang 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
NiSe was prepared in-situ on nickel foam (NiSe/NF), using a solvothermal process. The NiSe/NF consisted of interwoven nanorods and nanowires. The interwoven NiSe/NF was of good crystallinity and contained no impurities, and consisted of many nanorods and a few nanowires. The interwoven structure uniformly covered the NF substrate, which can potentially yield a large surface area with abundant active sites, and thus high catalytic activity. The NiSe/NF was used as a working electrode for hydrazine oxidation, in 1.0 mol L−1 KOH containing 20 mmol L−1 N2H4 · H2O. Excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability of NiSe/NF for hydrazine oxidation was observed, with a current density of 22 mA cm−2 at −0.53 V. The interwoven structure and good conductivity of NiSe/NF promoted its electrocatalytic activity.
Influence on Product Quality by pvT-Optimised Processing in Injection Compression Molding
Authors: Hopmann Ch. , Reßmann A. , Heinisch J. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The production of functional optical parts made of plastics is a growing market and the associated production processes have to be developed to fulfil the increasing quality requirements. In this paper an alternative injection compression molding process using the pvT-behavior of the plastics material is compared to the conventional processing method using an isobaric process path. For both control strategies a cavity pressure loop-control is implemented and used. According to measurements of the mold surface reproduction accuracy and internal properties of the molded part the processing method using the pvT-behavior results in a higher optical part quality in the same cycle time compared to the isobaric processing method.
Effect of Plug Temperature on the Strain and Thickness Distribution of Components Made by Plug Assist Thermoforming
Authors: Marathe D. , Rokade D. , Busher Azad L. , Jadhav K. , Mahajan S. , Ahmad Z. , Gupta S. , Kulkarni S. , Juvekar V. , Lele A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Plug temperature is a key parameter affecting the thickness distribution of thermoplastic components made by plug assist thermoforming. For a specified pair of plug and plastic sheet, the variation in plug temperature can alter the coefficient of friction (COF) between the pair. We show here how the temperature dependence of COF influences the nature and extent of biaxial stretching of the sheet and consequently the thickness distribution of the thermoformed component. In the present study, high impact polystyrene (HIPS) sheets were thermoformed into axisymmetric cups using a plug-assist process in which the aluminum plug temperature (Tplug) was varied from ambient to above the glass transition temperature of HIPS (∼100 °C). Biaxial strain maps on the surfaces of the formed cups were measured and quantified using Grid Strain Analysis (GSA). Thickness distributions of the cups were also measured. Temperature dependent COF between HIPS and aluminum was determined independently using a rotational rheometer. The measured COF was low for T < 100 °C, whereas it increased appreciably at and above 100 °C. We conclude that when Tplug < 100 °C the HIPS sheet slips on the plug during forming, and this results in biaxial stretching of the base and walls of the formed cup. In contrast for Tplug > 100 °C, a significant reduction in the magnitude of slip is expected. Here the sheet is gripped at the clamp and by the plug during forming which causes reduced biaxial stretching of the base and increased uniaxial stretching of the walls of the cup. Simulations of plug-assist thermoforming using a temperature dependent COF showed qualitative agreement with the GSA data thereby supporting our inferences.
Impact Behavior of Continuous Biaxial Reinforced Composites Based on Bio-Polyamides and Man-Made Cellulose Fibres
Authors: Feldmann M. , Verheyen F. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Composites based on thermoplastic matrix and glass or carbon fibre fabrics, like the so called organic sheets, show high potential for structural parts, e. g. in automotive applications. In this study renewable organic sheets based on bio-polyamides with a melting point above 200 °C and polypropylene for reference purposes were prepared. High energy absorption for these composites were expected regarding the high elongation at break (> 10 %) of the man-made cellulose fibres. In comparison to the cellulose reinforced composites, glass fibre composites were prepared. The complete or partly bio-based composites, with a thickness of approx. 2 mm, were manufactured by a high precision hot-press using the film-stacking-process considering less fibre degradation at high processing temperatures. Besides dart drop tests (penetration mode and impact mode) and optical microscopy were done to characterize the composites. The bio-based composites show lower density, higher energy absorption rates and lower damping values as a consequence of the cellulose fibres properties and the fibre-matrix-adhesion.
Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Antistatic Poly(vinyl chloride) Composites Filled with Silver Plated Hollow Glass Microspheres
Authors: Zhang M. Y. , Wang J. , Chen X. L. , Qi S. H. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Antistatic poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) composites filled with silver plated hollow glass microspheres (Ag-HGMs) were prepared using the melt-mixing method. Electrical resistivity and mechanical properties of the Ag-HGMs/PVC composites were subsequently investigated. The results show that the HGMs were successfully coated with a uniform and compact silver layer. With increasing Ag-HGMs content, the volume resistivity of Ag-HGMs/PVC composites decreases nonlinearly. With an Ag-HGMs content of about 120 phr, reaching the percolation concentration, the composites meet the antistatic requirements for commercial antistatic PVC materials. Furthermore, the tensile strength of Ag-HGMs/PVC composites decreases with increasing content of Ag-HGMs, while the impact strength increases with increasing content of Ag-HGMs from 0 phr to 150 phr. We especially found that, with a Ag-HGMs content of 20 phr, Ag-HGMs/PVC composites exhibit great impact strength.
Benefit of Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in pT3 and Node Positive Bladder Cancer Patients Treated with Radical Cystectomy
Authors: Boström Peter J. , Mirtti Tuomas , van Rhijn Bas , Fleshner Neil E. , Finelli Antonio , Laato Matti , Jewett Michael A. , Moore Malcom J. , Sridhar Srikala , Nurmi Martti , Tannock Ian F. , Zlotta Alexandre R. 
Published: April 2016

Background: Benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) and extent of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in radical cystectomy (RC) are debated. Results from randomized trials are still expected. Objective: To analyze the effects of AC and PLND in two academic centers with opposite policies regarding their use. Methods: 581 bladder cancer patients who underwent RC without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, from Toronto (University Health Network), Canada, and Turku University Hospital, Finland were included. Disease specific survival (DSS) and failure patterns were assessed. Results: Centers differed in PLND rate (93% and 36% in Toronto and Turku respectively, p <  0.001), PLND extent (≥10 removed nodes, 58% vs. 8%, p <  0.001) and AC rate (21% vs. 2%, p <  0.001). Survival between centers among pT≤1 or pT4 patients was similar. pT3 patients in Toronto had an improved 10 year DSS (43% vs. 22%, p = 0.025). Distant failures were less common after AC (HR 0.56, 95%  CI 0.33–0.98, p <  0.042). In node positive (N+) patients, mortality was significantly higher in Turku (HR 2.19, 95%  CI 1.44–3.34, p <  0.001) and lower in patients receiving AC (HR 0.60, 95%  CI 0.37–0.99, p = 0.044). 41% DSS at 10 years was observed in N+ Toronto patients. Limitations included the non-randomized retrospective design and absence of propensity score analysis. Conclusion: Combining AC and PLND to RC is associated with improved survival in pT3 and N+ patients. PLND did not affect survival independently but helps in selecting patients for AC. Our data adds to the growing body of evidence supporting the usefulness of AC in addition to PLND in high risk patients operated by cystectomy.