bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three Dimensional NURBS Modeling and Fabrication of Rotorcraft Design
Authors: Ament Geoffrey 
Published: February 2016

Before an aircraft is put into production, it must undergo a variety of tests inside a wind tunnel.Â Rather than performing these tests on a full-scale plane, scaled models are often utilized.Â Scaled models allow an aircraft to be tested in smaller facilities, can be built quickly, and can save money, as long as the physics being studied scale correctly.Â Another use for aircraft models is to demonstrate how a model aircraft is built and tested in a wind tunnel,Â showing aircraft interior and how the exterior mechanics operate. Â This paper will show the steps involved in building a model aircraft and what these models can be used for.Â The model aircraft talked about in this paper include the Large Civil Tilt Rotor (LCTR2) and XV-15 Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft.Â Models are either computer modeled from blueprints or provided by our mentor, Eduardo Solis.Â The models are constructed using the program Rhino, prototyped in a MakerBot 3D printer, and finally 3D printed using the Dimension Elite printer and a laser cutter.Â Four engineering interns worked on this project.Â As Project Leader, I distributed the workload for the three major projects - the LCTR2 model, the XV-15 RotCFD model, and the 1/6-scale model of the 7- by 10-Foot Wind Tunnel.
Microwave Power Beaming using Ka-band Radar
Authors: Haugstad Travis , Nielsen Joel 
Published: February 2016

Power is transferred wirelessly from a ground based microwave transmitter to a receiver flown on a platform attached to a tethered aerostat.Â The signal is analyzed using consumer radar detection hardware and developed circuitry.Â This signal is analyzed by a programmable microcontroller, or Arduino, and data is then transmitted to a logging computer on the ground via flight computer and base station.Â Eventually, a rectenna and receiver will be developed to convert the microwaves to a useable voltage to power on-board instruments.Â Â This technology could be employed as a means to reduce the need for on-board power supplies for CubeSats deployed by the International Space Station, on orbit solar power generation, solar power satellites, etc.Â
Recent Progress in Lunar Helium-3 Extraction Research
Authors: Olson Aaron David Sumaili 
Published: February 2016

Research is ongoing to develop a prototype lunar volatiles extraction system that will demonstrate a process for acquiring helium-3 for future fusion power plants that would produce little to no radioactive waste, and other volatile gases that can be used for life support in space. The prototype system is called the Helium Extraction and Acquisition Test bed (HEAT). Â Testing of HEAT will focus on obtaining information on the rate of 3He extraction possible and to what extent thermal energy recovery can be employed in this kind of volatile extraction system.Â Before demonstrating the evolution of 3He out of regolith simulant, simulant that is embedded to a known concentration must be available in order to gauge the performance of HEAT.Â An implantation device is being developed to implant helium into batches of JSC-1A regolith simulant for HEAT. The implantation device under development is referred to as the Solar Wind Implanter (SWIM).
Preliminary Assessment of Low-cost Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for Creating Aerial Photographs for Natural Resource Research
Authors: Compas Eric 
Published: February 2016

The recent significant reduction in the cost of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) has expanded access to this technology to researchers in a variety of fields. For aerial mapping, UAS holds the promise to substantially increase the resolution of imagery and provide better control over when imagery is produced. In the natural resources, UAS could greatly expand the type of research questions that can be asked at a relatively low cost. This research assessed the utility and characteristics of low-cost UAS aerial photography for natural resource applications. Four craft, Â commercial fixed-wing and multirotor and handbuilt fixed-wing and multirotor, were tested in this study. Our findings conclude that UAS aerial photography is approximately 10x more detailed than traditional aerial photography, but issues with spatial accuracy and available flight weather may limit its use for some applications.
2015 Elijah High Altitude Balloon Launch Team Summer Proceedings Report
Authors: Kellogg Jadee , Petrie Jordan , Ochoa Daniel , Tirimacco Alana 
Published: February 2016

The 2015 Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium Elijah High Altitude Balloon Launch Team is comprised of three students from Milwaukee School of Engineering and one student from Ripon College.Â This year, all members of the team had experience with high altitude balloon launches due to previous participation on either the Elijah Payload or Launch Team, or both. Despite the previous experience, a training session was hosted by the 2014 Elijah Launch Team to familiarize the new team with the physical set up of a launch train as well as how to run track predictions and how to read the jet stream charts. Launches were planned for both Carthage College and the Elijah High Altitude Balloon Payload Team, but only the launch for the Payload Team came to fruition. This launch was successful, reaching a peak altitude of 31,021m.Â
Pioneer Rocketry 2015 WSGC Collegiate Rocket Competition
Authors: Ellenberger Jake 
Published: February 2016

The objective of the 2015 Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium (WSGC) Collegiate Rocket Competition was to design and build a two stage â€œBoosted Dart" - style rocket to achieve maximum altitude. The rocket was propelled by a single grain 54mm rocket motor (I445 Vmax). Extensive design and modeling was done to optimize the design to achieve maximum altitude. An electronic device designed to measure the rotation of the rocket that would then be correlated to rotation observed with video captured by a camera system.Â The rocket performed as expected in most aspects, completing most objectives per competition parameters. The flight of the boosted dart however ended in failure, as a delayed ejection of the parachute resulted in compounding failures leading to the loss of the rocket. The camera, having fallen separate from the rocket body, had survived the flight. The video was analyzed and the flights apogee was estimated to be 6000ft. The following report details the design and construction of Pioneer Rocketryâ€™s 2015 competition rocket, along with information regarding Pioneer Rocketryâ€™s growth as both an educational and professional organization.Â
Predicting Collisionless Equlibria in Dark Matter Simulations
Authors: Ragan Robert 
Published: February 2016

By using a transformation from phase-space variables to a set of orthogonal Hermite-Legendre polynomials, the dynamics of one-dimensional self-gravitating systems has been reduced to a linear set of equations. This transformation changes the long-range forces into local interactions in the new problem.Â This makes it possible to determine the steady-state solutions by projecting the initial conditions into the time-independent solutions.
Young Stellar Population of the Cygnus Star-Forming Field
Authors: LeMieux Henri 
Published: February 2016

We provide homogeneous estimates of the color excess and distance to several open clusters located towardÂ the prominent nebulosity Sh 2-109Â in Cygnus. We found these clusters to form two layers at distances â€¦. LY from the Sun which has implication on the structure of the Cygnus star-forming field.
Evaluating the Measurement Structure of the Abbreviated HIV Stigma Scale in a Sample of African Americans Living With HIV/AIDS
Authors: Johnson Eboneé T. , Yaghmaian Rana A. , Best Andrew , Chan Fong , Burrell Reginald 
Published: February 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate the 10-item version of the HIV Stigma Scale (HSS-10) in a sample of African Americans with HIV/AIDS.Method: One hundred and ten African Americans living with HIV/AIDS were recruited from 3 case management agencies in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Measurement structure of the HSS-10 was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.Results: Factor analysis results support a 2-factor factorial structure for the HSS-10 (social stigma and self-stigma). The HSS-10 demonstrates good reliability and factorial validity, and it correlates moderately with related constructs in the expected directions.Conclusion: HSS-10 is a brief, reliable, and valid instrument for assessing HIV stigma and can be used as a clinical rehabilitation and research tool to assess the contribution of stigma as a major cause of health disparities and outcomes in African Americans living with HIV/AIDS.
Physical Activity Patterns Among U.S. Adults With Disabilities
Authors: Chiu Chung-Yi , An Ruopeng 
Published: February 2016

Purpose: To characterize physical activity patterns among people with disabilities using data from a nationally representative health survey.Method: Individual-level data came from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2011 survey. Pearson’s chi-squared tests were conducted to assess the difference in the proportion distribution of individual characteristics between each of the 4 disability categories and the population without disability. Conditional on their statistical significance, 2 sample proportion tests were performed on individual demographics including gender, age group, and race/ethnicity.Results: Compared to people without disabilities, the prevalence of physical inactivity was substantially higher among people with disabilities. Walking and gardening were the most common physical activities among people with disabilities. Physical activity patterns varied significantly across gender, age, race/ethnicity, and disability categories.Conclusion: Ecological interventions to promote physical activity engagement in people with disabilities should be mindful of the feasibility, acceptability, and accessibility for this specific and particularly vulnerable population.
Social Cognitive and Planned Behavior Variables Associated With Stages of Change for Physical Activity in Spinal Cord Injury: A Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Keegan John , Ditchman Nicole , Dutta Alo , Chiu Chung-Yi , Muller Veronica , Chan Fong , Kundu Madan 
Published: February 2016

Purpose:To apply the constructs of social cognitive theory (SCT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to understand the stages of change (SOC) for physical activities among individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI).Method:Ex post facto design using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The participants were 144 individuals with SCI who completed an online SCT, TPB, and SOC for physical activities survey.Results:Participants in the preintender, intender, and actor groups differed significantly in functional disability, secondary health conditions, exercise self-efficacy, perceived benefits and barriers, intention, and physical health.Conclusion:Findings support the concept of stage-matching exercise and physical activity cognitive behavioral interventions for people with SCI.
Initiation of coconut cell suspension culture from shoot meristem derived embryogenic calli: A preliminary study
Authors: Bhavyashree U. , Lakshmi Jayaraj K. , Muralikrishna K. S. , Sajini K. K. , Rajesh M. K. , Karun Anitha 
Published: February 2016

<p>An attempt was made to establish highly competent embryogenic cell suspension culture in coconut, a species recalcitrant to in vitro culture. Embryogenic calli were initiated from shoot meristem explants of coconut. Y3 medium supplemented with 2.4-D (4.5 μM) and glutamine (34.2 μM) was found to be the best medium to initiate cell suspension. Growth evaluation was done by packed cell volume (PCV) and it was found that maximum growth volume of 9.9% was reached at 200 days of culture initiation. About 52% of viable cells were detected through fluorescent microscopy. Cell aggregation was noticed in Y3 medium supplemented with glutamine (34.2 μM), malt extract (100mg/l), biotin (40.9 μM) and kinetin (9.3 μM), but further progress could not be achieved. It was also observed that embryogenic calli were not of a friable type, but were associated with densely aggregated cells. Because of its hard nature, we were unsuccessful to obtain high quality cell suspension.</p>
Effective Social Media Engagement for Nonprofits: What Matters?
Authors: Carboni Julia L , Maxwell Sarah P. 
Published: February 2016

We employ public management relationship theory to examine how nonprofits can effectively engage social media stakeholders in two-way communication. Though many nonprofit organizations have a social media presence, there is variance in how well organizations use social media to engage stakeholders. Simply having a social media presence is not enough to engage stakeholders. We examine Facebook posts of a stratified random sample of youth development organizations to determine what predicts stakeholder engagement. We find the type of Facebook post is a significant predictor of stakeholder engagement. Longer posts also significantly predict increased stakeholder engagement. At the organizational level, having many posts is a significant negative predictor of stakeholder engagement, indicating that users may feel bombarded and are less likely to engage. Increased organizational spending on advertising as a proportion of total budget is positively associated with stakeholder engagement.
Philanthropy Supporting Government: An Analysis of Local Library Funding
Authors: Schatteman Alicia , Bingle Ben 
Published: February 2016

Although a public agency, many libraries seek additional resources beyond municipal taxes. This paper explores library funding and their reliance on philanthropic revenue to supplement public tax dollars. Data from the Institute of Museum and Library Services Survey are combined with financial information from library friends and foundation nonprofit organizations to understand the extent to which public libraries in Illinois are supported by philanthropic funds. A survey of library directors is used to provide additional context. The findings suggest a geographic disparity in finances among libraries in Illinois and the need for new theories to explain “donation over taxation.”
Nailing Shut the Policy Window: The Policy Evolution of America’s First Urban School Voucher Program
Authors: Ford Michael 
Published: February 2016

This article describes the origins and evolution of the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program, arguing that voucher policy in Milwaukee continues to exist long after the policy window that enabled its creation closed. The author, using the framework of public policy windows, concludes that under certain conditions untested policy initiatives can lead to policy paralysis. The study is of interest to legislators considering new and untested policy initiatives, program evaluators, and scholars interested in the history of school voucher policy.
Can selection on a male mating character result in evolutionary change? A selection experiment on California wild radish, Raphanus sativus
Authors: Marshall Diane L. , Evans Ann S. 
Published: February 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Whenever more pollen grains arrive on stigmas than necessary to fertilize ovules, sexual selection is possible. However, the role of sexual selection remains controversial, in part because of lack of evidence on genetic bases of traits and the response of relevant characters to selection.METHODS:In an experiment with Raphanus sativus, we selected on tendency to sire seeds in the stylar or basal regions of fruits. This character is likely related to pollen tube growth rate, and seed position affects rates of abortion and seed predation. We measured differences among families in seed siring and related characters and evaluated responses to selection.KEY RESULTS:All replicates showed strong effects of pollen donor family on proportion of seeds sired per fruit in mixed pollinations. Most also showed effects of pollen donor family on number of pollen grains per flower and pollen diameter. Two of four replicates showed a response to selection on position of seeds sired. In responding replicates, we found trade‐offs in pollen grain size and number; plants with larger pollen grains sired more seeds in the basal region.CONCLUSIONS:Our data suggest a genetic basis for pollen donor ability to sire seeds in competition. The significant response to selection in two replicates shows that position of seeds sired can respond to selection. Thus, all components for sexual selection to occur and affect traits are present. Variation in results among replicates might be due to changes in greenhouse conditions. Environmental effects may contribute to the maintenance of variation in these fitness‐related characters.
CEO compensation and board diversity : evidence from french listed companies
Authors: Dardour Ali , Husser Jocelyn , Hollandts Xavier 
Published: February 2016

Cet article a pour objet d’étudier l’influence de la diversité dans le conseil d’administration sur la rémunération des dirigeants. Cette étude a été menée sur un échantillon de sociétés cotées du SBF 120 sur la période 2003-2013. Elle délivre des résultats importants concernant la mise en œuvre de la loi Copé-Zimmermann qui rend obligatoire la féminisation des conseils d’administration ou de surveillance des sociétés cotées. C’est la première étude à explorer la relation entre les différentes formes de la diversité (diversité de genre, représentation des salariés et des actionnaires-salariés, indépendance du conseil d’administration) et les différentes composantes de la rémunération des dirigeants. Les résultats mettent en évidence les éléments suivants : la représentation des femmes a un effet négatif sur la rémunération des dirigeants. Le niveau de représentation des salariés influe aussi négativement sur la rémunération des dirigeants.
Entre fidélité et réconciliation, quelle place pour la politique dans la Tunisie révolutionnaire ?
Authors: Dakhli Leyla 
Published: February 2016

Cet article se propose d’explorer la situation de la Tunisie révolutionnaire de 2015, en prenant pour point de départ les discussions relatives à la loi sur la réconciliation économique proposée par le gouvernement d’Habib Essid. Ces discussions mettent en relief les jeux politiques et les tensions sur l’interprétation du changement en cours depuis 2010-2011. Ils permettent de qualifier la séquence actuelle de « restauration » au sein du processus révolutionnaire.
Un État « civil » peut-il être religieux ? Débats tunisiens
Authors: Bras Jean-Philippe 
Published: February 2016

La place de l’islam dans la Constitution a été au centre des débats constitutionnels tunisiens entre 2011 et 2013. Pour surmonter les incompatibilités entre le programme constitutionnel d’Ennahdha se proposant d’islamiser les institutions et le droit, et celui des partis séculiers qui visait à garantir une nette séparation entre État et religion, les constituants ont eu recours à deux principaux procédés : l’incertitude sémantique, en reconduisant l’article 1 er de la Constitution de 1959 dans ses ambiguïtés rédactionnelles ; la créativité conceptuelle, à travers l’émergence d’une nouvelle notion, l’« État civil », que les deux camps pouvaient s’approprier, mais dans des significations qui pouvaient tantôt converger, tantôt diverger.
Système électoral et révolution : la voie tunisienne
Authors: Gobe Éric 
Published: February 2016

La volonté affichée par les acteurs de la « révolution » tunisienne de trouver la meilleure adéquation entre « peuple révolutionnaire » et « peuple électeur » les a incités à choisir un mode de scrutin proportionnel au plus fort reste et sans seuil électoral pour élire une assemblée nationale constituante. À l’usage, cette option, en interdisant au parti islamiste Ennahdha d’emporter la majorité des sièges au sein de cette assemblée, est apparue comme un facteur d’équilibre entre forces politiques, ce qui a poussé les députés à reconduire le même mode de scrutin pour les élections législatives d’octobre 2014.
Au-delà de l’exception tunisienne : les failles et les risques du processus révolutionnaire
Authors: Hmed Choukri 
Published: February 2016

L’exceptionnalité de la révolution tunisienne est célébrée dans le monde occidental et attestée par le pacifisme relatif de sa transition comme par les succès accumulés dans le champ politique. Cet article montre cependant qu’au-delà de ce constat quatre enjeux menacent le processus révolutionnaire et entravent la dynamique de transition : le terrorisme et les défis sécuritaires, le modèle économique, la démocratie sociale et la justice transitionnelle.
Défense et illustration de la page
Authors: Hay Louis 
Published: February 2016

La première partie de l’étude procède d’une génétique historique. Elle examine la problématique de la page dans la longue durée et l’inscrit dans l’évolution d’une culture de l’écrit. À la lumière de ce passé, une seconde partie propose une vision intégrée des fonctions dont la séquence crée la possibilité d’une genèse : objet matériel manipulable – support à l’interface de la pensée et de la trace –, unité qui scande les étapes de l’écriture – espace où mots et graphismes interfèrent dans la production d’un sens. La conclusion se tourne vers une autre dimension de l’histoire : celle de l’avenir.
Streptococci Engage TLR13 on Myeloid Cells in a Site-Specific Fashion
Authors: Kolter Julia , Feuerstein Reinhild , Spoeri Evelyne , Gharun Kourosh , Elling Roland , Trieu-Cuot Patrick , Goldmann Tobias , Waskow Claudia , Chen Zhijian J. , Kirschning Carsten J. , Deshmukh Sachin D. , Henneke Philipp 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Streptococci are common human colonizers with a species-specific mucocutaneous distribution. At the same time, they are among the most important and most virulent invasive bacterial pathogens. Thus, site-specific cellular innate immunity, which is predominantly executed by resident and invading myeloid cells, has to be adapted with respect to streptococcal sensing, handling, and response. In this article, we show that TLR13 is the critical mouse macrophage (MΦ) receptor in the response to group B Streptococcus, both in bone marrow–derived MΦs and in mature tissue MΦs, such as those residing in the lamina propria of the colon and the dermis, as well as in microglia. In contrast, TLR13 and its chaperone UNC-93B are dispensable for a potent cytokine response of blood monocytes to group B Streptococcus, although monocytes serve as the key progenitors of intestinal and dermal MΦs. Furthermore, a specific role for TLR13 with respect to MΦ function is supported by the response to staphylococci, where TLR13 and UNC-93B limit the cytokine response in bone marrow–derived MΦs and microglia, but not in dermal MΦs. In summary, TLR13 is a critical and site-specific receptor in the single MΦ response to β-hemolytic streptococci.