bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adiponectin deficiency is a critical factor contributing to cognitive dysfunction in obese mice after sevoflurane exposure
Authors: Chu John Man Tak , Chiu Suki Pak Wing , Wang Jiaqi , Chang Raymond Chuen Chung , Wong Gordon Tin Chun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The growing number of obese individuals is expected to create an increase in the number of major operations to be performed in those patients. Obesity is a risk factor for a range of postoperative complications including perioperative neurocognitive disorders. However, the neurotoxic effects of general anaesthesia in the obese subjects are not yet determined. We hypothesize that general anaesthesia such as sevoflurane induces neurotoxicity in obese animals while no significant impact is induced in lean mice. This vulnerability depends on the reduction of the adiponectin in the obese mice.
Methods
Obese mice were bred by subjecting C57BL/6 mice to a 60% high fat diet. Both obese mice lean mice were exposed to 2 hours of sevoflurane. To confirm the role of adiponectin deficiency in sevoflurane induced neurotoxicity, adiponectin knockout mice were established and exposed to the sevoflurane. Finally, the neuroprotective effects of adiponectin receptor agonist (AdipoRon) were examined. Cognitive functions, neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal degeneration were accessed.
Results
Sevoflurane triggered significant cognitive dysfunction, neuroinflammatory response and neuronal degeneration in obese mice while no significant impact was observed in lean mice. Similar cognitive dysfunction and neuronal degeneration were also observed in the adiponectin knockout mice after sevoflurane exposure. Administration of AdipoRon prevented the deleterious effects of sevoflurane in both obese and adiponectin knockout mice.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrated that obese mice are more susceptible to sevoflurane triggered neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment compared with lean animals. Adiponectin deficiency in obese subjects is one of the underlying mechanisms and treatment with adiponectin receptor agonist ameliorates this vulnerability. These findings may have therapeutic implications to reduce the incidence of anaesthesia induced neurotoxicity in obese subjects.
Can dissociative amnesia be a residual symptom of prolonged complex post-traumatic stress disorder?
Authors: Metin İzzet Çağrı , Yıldırım Selman , Karahan Aykut 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Dissociative amnesia, a disorder characterized by impairments in multiple memory areas, is frequently associated with trauma. Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) is marked by mood dysregulation, negative self-concept, and impaired interpersonal relationships, in addition to the classic symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The relationship between CPTSD and dissociative amnesia, as well as whether CPTSD should be considered a dissociative subtype, remains uncertain in the literature. Individuals diagnosed with CPTSD tend to exhibit higher levels of dissociative symptoms than those diagnosed with PTSD.
Clinical presentation:
We present the clinical report of a 42-year-old male who, after a car accident, exhibited core symptoms of PTSD along with symptoms of self-organization disorders. While these symptoms persisted, the patient developed dissociative amnesia years after the trauma. Neuroimaging studies, psychometric tests, reviewed hospital records, and clinical interviews were conducted to speculate on the differential diagnosis of organic psychiatric conditions and potential diagnoses. The possible relationship between dissociative amnesia and complex post-traumatic stress disorder was examined.
Conclusion
This case demonstrates the complexity of differentiating dissociative amnesia from organic conditions. Discussing the possible shared mechanisms between CPTSD and dissociative amnesia could contribute to a better understanding of both conditions.
Analysis of the efficacy of different amounts of parathyroid grafts in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: chen Wentan , zhou Ge , chen Dong , cao Zhe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose This study compares the efficacy of two different ranges of parathyroid transplantation weights with the aim of determining a preferable range for transplantation weight.Methods From May 2018 to June 2023, 79 patients underwent total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation. Demographic data, symptoms, and pre- or postoperative biochemical indicators were compared between two different ranges of parathyroid transplantation weights.Results All 79 surgeries were successful, with a total of 316 parathyroid glands reported among the patients. The patients were diagnosed with parathyroid hyperplasia. Postoperatively, itching, bone pain, and muscle weakness disappeared, while serum parathyroid hormone and phosphate levels significantly decreased. With an average follow-up of 12 months, no transplant-dependent recurrence was observed.Conclusion Parathyroid transplantation with a weight of 30–50 mg is a feasible, safe, and effective surgical approach.
Assessing the value for money, from a policy maker prospective, of 24 randomised controlled trial designs for an online weight maintenance guided self-help intervention: An expected value of sample information analysis.
Authors: Breeze Penny , Pidd Katharine , Pollard Daniel , Ren Shijie , Bates Sarah , Thomas Chloe , Ahern Amy , Griffin Simon , Brennan Alan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To analyse whether conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate an online weight maintenance guided self-help intervention (the SWiM intervention) would offer good value for money in the United Kingdom.
Method
We examined 24 RCT designs by varying inclusion criteria (participants completing behavioural weight management, specialist-led weight management, diabetes prevention programme, type 2 diabetes remission, digital weight management, all weight management services), trial duration (1-2 years), and sample size (n=500 or 2000). Trial benefits were estimated by the method of expected value of sample information analysis using a health economic model. The model examines how the proposed intervention affects weight maintenance over time (with uncertainty), and generates estimated lifetime Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) and National Health Service (NHS) costs. Structured expert elicitation with 4 experts was undertaken to quantify pre-trial uncertainty in the effectiveness of SWiM compared with usual care. All trial designs were simulated to estimate trial benefits: the reduction in the costs of an inefficient decision for future populations over 10 years. Trial designs offer value for money if trial benefits exceed trial costs.
Results:
For three inclusion criteria options (groups recently completing ‘diabetes remission’, ‘digital weight management’ or ‘specialist weight management’), the cost of the proposed trials was estimated to exceed the estimated trial benefit (value of the reduction in decision uncertainty) over 10 years. For the other three inclusion criteria options (groups recently completed ‘behavioural weight management’, ‘diabetes prevention programme’, or ‘all weight loss programmes’), 12 trial designs produced greater benefits than costs. The optimal trial design option would include ‘all weight loss programmes’, with 2 years follow-up and sample size n=2000.
Conclusion:
Investment in an RCT to evaluate the SWiM intervention with two years of follow-up patients completing a range of weight loss interventions offers the greatest value to the NHS.
A Pilot Study of a Gratitude Journaling Intervention to Enhance Spiritual Well-Being and Exercise Self-Efficacy in Black Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Cousin Lakeshia , Braithwaite Dejana , Anton Stephen , Zhang Zhongyue , Lee Ji-Hyun , Leewenburgh Christiaan , Lyon Debra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer (BC) survivorship presents significant health disparities, particularly affecting Black women, who experience a 40% higher BC death rate compared to White women. These disparities are exacerbated by comorbidities, which contribute to poorer overall health outcomes. Additionally, Black BC survivors often face psychosocial challenges, including increased stress and lower well-being, which can lead to adverse physical health effects. This pilot study aims to assess the feasibility and efficacy of a culturally sensitive gratitude journaling intervention designed to enhance spiritual well-being, exercise self-efficacy, and reduce inflammation among Black BC survivors.
Methods
This pilot study employed a two-group, parallel random-assignment experimental design to compare a gratitude journaling intervention with a general memory journaling control group. Twenty-six Black women aged 40 to 70 years with a history of BC were randomly assigned to either the gratitude journaling intervention group (n = 13) or the control group (n = 13). The gratitude intervention group engaged in gratitude journaling twice weekly for eight weeks, while the control group documented daily memories. Outcomes measured included dispositional gratitude, spiritual well-being, perceived stress, exercise self-efficacy, and inflammatory biomarkers. Statistical analyses included the Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher's exact test.
Results
Twenty-six participants were enrolled, with 73% completing baseline and post-intervention assessments. The intervention group showed a significant improvement in spiritual well-being (p = 0.014) with a large effect size (ES = 0.57). Marginal improvements in exercise self-efficacy were also observed (ES = 0.39). Although there were no significant differences in dispositional gratitude and perceived stress between groups, the intervention group exhibited trends toward increased gratitude and reduced stress. Inflammatory biomarker analysis indicated non-significant changes, though IL-6 levels increased in the intervention group.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates the feasibility and acceptability of a gratitude journaling intervention among Black BC survivors. The intervention significantly enhanced spiritual well-being and showed promise in improving exercise self-efficacy, suggesting its potential for promoting holistic wellness in this population. These findings provide a foundation for future larger-scale randomized controlled trials to further evaluate the efficacy of gratitude-based interventions for Black BC survivors.
Trial registration:
This study was registered prospectively at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05473026) on 07-01-2022.
Clinical practice pattern of Pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross- sectional study from lupus registry of nationwide institutions (LUNA)
Authors: Onishi Takahisa , Sada Ken-ei , Hayashi Keigo , Miyawaki Yoshia , Yoshimi Ryusuke , Shimojima Yasuhiro , Ohno Shigeru , Kajiyama Hiroshi , Ichinose Kunihiro , Sato Shuzo , Fujiwara Michio , Yajima Nobuyuki , Kida Takashi , Matsuo Yusuke , Nishimura Keisuke , Yamane Takashi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic infection in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, such as glucocorticoid (GC) medication, for systemic autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Despite the confirmed effectiveness of PCP prophylaxis, its clinical administration, especially in conjunction with GC dosage, remains unclear. We aimed to describe the clinical practice of PCP prophylaxis in association with SLE in Japan, evaluate the relationship between GC dosage and PCP prophylaxis, and explore the practice patterns associated with PCP prophylaxis.
Methods
This cross-sectional study used data from the Lupus Registry of Nationwide Institutions in Japan from 2016 to 2021 and included patients diagnosed with SLE. Using descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis, and decision tree analysis, we examined the prevalence of PCP prophylaxis and its association with the GC dosage.
Results
Out of 1,460 patients, 21% underwent PCP prophylaxis. The frequency of prophylaxis decreased with a decrease in GC dosage. After adjusting for confounders, logistic regression revealed the odds ratio of PCP prophylaxis increased with higher prednisolone (PSL) doses: 3.7 for 5 ≤ PSL < 7.5 mg, 5.2 for 7.5 ≤ PSL < 10 mg, 9.0 for 10 ≤ PSL < 20 mg, and 43.1 for PSL ≥ 20 mg, using PSL < 5 mg as the reference. Decision tree analysis indicated that a PSL dosage of < 11 mg/day and immunosuppressant use were key determinants of PCP prophylaxis.
Conclusion
This study provides valuable insights into PCP prophylaxis practices in patients with SLE in Japan, underscoring the importance of GC dosage and concomitant immunosuppressant use.
Combined microsurgical and endovascular approach in the hybrid operating angiosuite: A case series on blood-blister intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Ahn Hong Suk , Choi Jai Ho , Kim So Yeon , Jeon Hong Jun , Cho Byung Moon 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Blood blister-like aneurysms (BBAs) are small, fragile vascular lesions that develop on the walls of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery. This absence of a neck complicates surgical and endovascular treatment options. The hybrid operating angiosuite (HOA), which integrates traditional surgical techniques with endovascular interventions, provides an innovative approach to managing BBAs. This study aims to evaluate a series of clinical cases focused on treating BBAs using a combination of microsurgical extracranial-intracranial bypass and endovascular trapping within the HOA.
Methods:We analyzed a series of patients with BBAs treated from 2014 to 2022. Skilled bimanual neurovascular surgeons implemented treatment plans using both microsurgical and neurointerventional techniques across four distinguished neurosurgery centers: Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Yongin Severance Hospital, and International St. Mary’s Hospital. Clinical outcomes were measured using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge and the modified Rankin Score (mRS) during follow-up, with scores of 0–2 indicating favorable outcomes. Follow-up imaging via computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance angiography was conducted on average 6–12 months post-procedure to assess BBA recurrence and graft vessel patency.
Results: Seven patients (average age, 45 years) were treated at the HOA. The surgical approach included high-flow bypass in five patients and superficial temporal artery double-barrel bypass in two. Follow-up imaging revealed no BBA recurrences and maintained patency of bypass flow.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a hybrid approach offers a safer and more effective strategy for managing BBAs, potentially improving patient outcomes.
Choroidal Blood Flow Changes in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Impact on Pigment Epithelial Detachment and Subretinal Fluid
Authors: Xu Amin , Lai Qiaoling , Sun Gongpeng , Chen Zhen , Chen Changzheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Investigate how choroidal blood flow affacts pigment epithelial detachment (PED) and subretinal fluid (SRF) in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) .
Methods
We collected CSC patients, dividing into group with PED and without PED, as well as healthy individuals. Using SS-OCT to measure three-dimensional choroidal vascular index (CVI), choroidal vascular volume (CVV), SRF and PED area and volume, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and the choroid thickness beneath the highest point of PED(PED-ct). Image-J was used to analyze and calculated flow void area (FVa) and flow void area percentage (FV%) of choriocapillary.
Results
The SFCT, three-dimensional CVI, CVV, FVa and FV% of CSC patients were higher than normal group, compared to CSC without PED, three-dimensional CVI in CSC with PED is higher, both difference was significant (P < 0.05). Among CSC patients, the FV% and SRF area, the CVV and SFCT all showed positive correlation. In CSC with PED, the CVV and PED-ct, the FVa, FV% and PED, SRF area were both positively correlated.
Conclusions
The occurrence of PED and SRF in CSC is not only related to the low blood flow of choriocapillary, but also related to the increase in the vascular density and the expansion of Sattler and Haller.
Analysis of Vertical Loading Forces on three different sagittal split ramus osteotomy modifications
Authors: Nascimento Frederico Felipe Antonio Oliveira , Stella John Paul , Klüppel Leandro Eduardo , de Moraes Márcio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to compare and analyze the in vitro mechanical behavior of vertical load on three different sagittal split osteotomy designs proposed by Epker, Wolford, and Wyatt, focusing on the implications of each design on mandibular stability.
Study Design: Synthetic polyurethane hemi-mandibular models were used to replicate the osteotomies according to the designs suggested by Epker, Wolford, and Wyatt. Each model group was subjected to linear vertical loading until system failure, with peak load and deformation recorded. The study utilized a controlled sample preparation and loading test to ensure standardization across all groups. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test were applied to compare the mechanical responses among the different osteotomy designs.
Results: The findings indicated no significant difference in displacement and vertical loading resistance between Groups 1 and 2; however, differences were found in Group 3 (Wyatt), where increased mandibular fragility was observed when screws were placed in thinner bone areas. Statistical analysis showed that the modifications in the osteotomy design led to significant differences in mechanical behavior, particularly in Group 3, highlighting the importance of bone thickness and osteotomy technique on postoperative early stability and mechanical stress distribution.
Conclusions: The study concludes that the choice of sagittal split osteotomy design significantly impacts the mechanical behavior under vertical loading, with particular emphasis on the importance of bone thickness at fixation points and the technique used. The findings suggest a preference for the modification proposed in group 1 and 2 in cases where increased mandibular stability and minimized postoperative complications are desired.
High seroprevalence of yellow fever, dengue, and chikungunya viruses in the Greater Darfur region of Sudan: Implications for national health policy and surveillance
Authors: Mohamed Nouh Saad , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar , Musa Abdualmoniem Omer , Elduma Adel , Ahmed Ayman 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Arboviruses pose a significant global health challenge. This study investigated the seroprevalence of major human arboviral infections, including yellow fever (YFV), dengue (DENV), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), Rift Valley fever (RVFV), West Nile virus (WNV), and chikungunya (CHIKV), in the Darfur region from September to December 2018. ELISA-IgM was used to detect antibodies. RT‒PCR was used to confirm YFV infection in positive IgM samples.
Results
A total of 152 blood samples were collected, with 123 (80.9%) from males and 29 (19.1%) from females. The participants were grouped by age: 50 (32.9%) were under 20 years, 96 (63.2%) were aged 20–45 years, and 6 (3.9%) were over 45 years. The seroprevalence rates for YFV, DENV, and CHIKV were 68 (44.7%), 23 (15.1%), and 5 (3.3%), respectively. There were 11 confirmed YFV cases (7.2%) using RT-PCR. Among these, 3/11 were positive for DENV-IgM, and 1/11 was positive for CHIKV-IgM. Among the 68 YFV-positive individuals, 15 (22.1%) had been exposed to DENV, and 2 (2.9%) had been exposed to CHIKV. Coexposure to DENV and CHIKV was detected in 3 (1.9%) patients, while 2 (1.3%) patients had triple exposure to YFV, CHIKV, or DENV. No exposure to CCHF, RVFV, or WNV was detected.
Hydrocephalus Surgery 2.0: A Systematic Review of the Robotic Effectiveness in Neurosurgical Interventions
Authors: Łajczak Paweł , Łajczak Anna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Hydrocephalus is a neurological condition characterizing the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain, causing an increased intracranial pressure that may injure the neurological tissue. Traditional surgical treatment, with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt and endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), may lead to complications such as shunt obstruction and inaccurate catheter placement. Robotics-assisted (RA) surgery is promising for enhanced precision with improved outcomes. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the clinical effectiveness, complications, and benefits of robotic-assisted surgical interventions in the case of hydrocephalus.
Methods: PRISMA-guided literature search was done in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Reviews, Scopus, and Embase. Inclusion criteria encompassed English language, original, peer-reviewed journal articles in robotic-assisted surgical interventions in hydrocephalus. Patient demographics, robotic systems used, procedural results, and complication details were extracted.
Results: In total, 12 of the articles discussed robotic-assisted interventions for hydrocephalus. The robotic systems used included ROSA, NaoTrac, Remebot, and more. The findings established that the robotic systems are very accurate. Almost all the studies showed successful outcomes with minimum robot-related complications like minor bleeding or conversion to manual surgery. As researchers get more experience, robotic systems are improving surgical efficiency and precision after the learning curve.
Conclusions: Robotic assistance in hydrocephalus offers potential for advancement in achieving surgical precision and, thereby, reducing complications associated with conventional methods. Their high costs act as a limitation; however, their potential to enhance patient outcomes makes robotic systems an integral asset to neurosurgery practice. Future research should focus on large scale trials, long term outcomes, and cost-effectiveness analysis to optimize the integration of robotic systems in hydrocephalus management.
Desensitization reduces some COVID-19-associated symptoms in minors with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Zhang Mengni , Liu QiQi , Zhang Shipeng , Wang Xiaocui , Zhang Qinxiu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to observe the symptoms after infection with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) in minor and adult allergic rhinitis (AR) patients receiving different treatment therapies [Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and conventional therapy].
Methods
We recruited a total of 398 patients diagnosed with AR from the clinical system and divided them into AR-S, with AR-S1 representing individuals aged < 18 years of age, and AR-S2 those ≥ 18 years of age, and AR-C groups based on their treatment modalities. Between December 2022 and February 2023, we documented the respiratory symptoms and common manifestations of AR patients infected with the novel coronavirus.
Results
The AR-S1 group may be associated with a reduced risk of symptoms after infection including dry and itchy (OR = 0.373, 95%Cl:0.184–0.755), headache (OR = 0.385, 95%Cl:0.196–0.758), fatigue (OR = 0.376, 95%Cl:0.188–0.751), chest tightness (OR = 0.160, 95%Cl:0.049–0.522), and some symptoms after improvement of infection (cough, fatigue).
Conclusion
Minor AR patients with SLIT can reduce some of the symptoms in COVID-19-infected patients.
Level of Evidence: 3