bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuron-specific cTag-CLIP reveals cell-specific diversity of functional RNA regulation in the brain
Authors: Saito Yuhki , Yuan Yuan , Zucker-Scharff Ilana , Fak John J. , Tajima Yoko , Licatalosi Donny D. , Darnell Robert B. 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYRNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate genetic diversity, but the degree to which they do so in individual cell-typesin vivois unknown. We employed NOVA2 cTag-CLIP to generate functional RBP-RNA maps from single neuronal populations in the mouse brain. Combining cell-type specific data fromNova2-cTagandNova2conditional knock-out mice revealed differential NOVA2 regulatory actions (e.g. alternative splicing) on the same transcripts in different neurons, including in cerebellar Purkinje cells, where NOVA2 acts as an essential factor for proper motor coordination and synapse formation. This also led to the discovery of a mechanism by which NOVA2 action leads to different outcomes in different cells on the same transcripts: NOVA2 is able to regulate retained introns, which subsequently serve as scaffolds for anothertrans-actingsplicing factor, PTBP2. Our results describe differential roles and mechanisms by which RBPs mediate RNA diversity in different neurons and consequent functional outcomes within the brain.
Galleria mellonella as an Insect Model for P. destructans, the Cause of White-Nose Syndrome in Bats
Authors: Beekman Chapman , Meckler Lauren , Kim Eleanor , Bennett Richard J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPseudogymnoascus destructans is the fungal pathogen responsible for White-nose Syndrome (WNS), a disease that has killed millions of bats in North America over the last decade. A major obstacle to research on P. destructans has been the lack of a tractable infection model for monitoring virulence. Here, we establish a high-throughput model of infection using larvae of Galleria mellonella, an invertebrate used to study host-pathogen interactions for a wide range of microbial species. We demonstrate that P. destructans can kill G. mellonella larvae in an inoculum-dependent manner when infected larvae are housed at 13°C or 18°C. Larval killing is an active process, as heat-killed P. destructans spores caused significantly decreased levels of larval death compared to live spores. We also show that fungal spores that were germinated prior to inoculation were able to kill larvae 3–4 times faster than non-germinated spores. Lastly, we identified chemical inhibitors of P. destructans and used G. mellonella to evaluate these inhibitors for their ability to reduce virulence. We demonstrate that two chemicals, trifluoperazine and amphotericin B, can effectively block larval killing by P. destructans and thereby establish that this infection model can be used to screen biocontrol agents against this fungal pathogen.
Prohlatype: A Probabilistic Framework for HLA Typing
Authors: Rozenberg Leonid , Hammerbacher Jeff 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHLA typing from sequencing data is considered as a classical probabilistic inference problem and Profile Hidden Markov Models (PHMM) are motivated for the likelihood calculation. Their generative property makes them a natural and highly discernible method; at the cost of considerable computation. We discuss ways to ameliorate this burden, and present an implementation https://github.com/hammerlab/prohlatype.
Neural responses in the pain matrix when observing pain of others are unaffected by testosterone administration
Authors: Heany Sarah J. , Terburg David , Stein Dan J. , van Honk Jack , Bos Peter A. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThere is evidence of testosterone having deteriorating effects on cognitive and affective empathy. However, whether testosterone influences core affective empathy, that is empathy for pain, has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we tested neural responses to witnessing others in pain in a within-subject placebo controlled testosterone administration study. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging we provide affirming evidence that the empathy inducing paradigm causes changes in the activity throughout the pain circuitry, including the bilateral insula and anterior cingulate cortex. Administration of testosterone however did not influence these activation patterns in the pain matrix. Testosterone has thus downregulating effects on aspects of empathic behaviour, but based on these data does not seem to influence neural responses during core empathy for pain. This finding gives more insight into the role of testosterone in human empathy.
PET Brain imaging of α7-nAChR with [18F]ASEM
Authors: Wong Dean F. , Kuwabara Hiroto , Horti Andrew G. , Roberts Joshua M. , Nandi Ayon , Casella Nicola , Brasic James , Weerts Elise M. , Kitzmiller Kelly , Phan Jenny A. , Gapasin Lorena , Sawa Akira , Valentine Heather , Wand Gary , George Noble , McDonald Michael , Kem William , Freedman Robert , Gjedde Albert 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) increasingly has been implicated in normal brain physiology, as well as in neuropsychiatric disorders. The a7-nAChR primarily is located in cerebral cortex and sub-cortical regions, compared to the α4β2 nAChR subtype that has a more subcortical distribution. The highly cortical distribution suggests a role of a7-nAChR in cognition. We expanded the first-in-human PET imaging of α7-nAChR with [18F]ASEM from five to 21 healthy non-smoking volunteers and added preliminary evidence of binding in six male patients with schizophrenia. Study aims included 1) confirmation of test-retest reproducibility of [18F]ASEM binding in normal volunteers, 2) demonstration of specificity of [18F]ASEM binding by competition with DMXB-A, an α7-nAChR partial agonist previously tested in clinical trials of patients with schizophrenia, 3) estimation of [18F]ASEM binding potentials and α7-nAChR density in vivo in humans, and 4) α7-nAChR binding in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy volunteers.Test-retest PET confirmed reproducibility (>90%) (variability ≤ 7%) of [18F]ASEM volume of distribution (Vt) estimates in healthy volunteers. Repeated sessions of PET in five healthy subjects included baseline and effect of inhibition after oral administration of 150 mg DMXB-A. From reduction of binding potentials, we estimated the dose-dependent occupancy of α7-nAChR by DMXB-A at 17-49% for plasma concentrations at 60-200 nM DMXB-A. In agreement with evidence post-mortem, α7-nAChR density (Bmax) averaged 0.67-0.82 nM and inhibitor affinity constant (Ki) averaged 170-385 nM. Median Vt in a feasibility study of six patients with schizophrenia was lower than in healthy volunteers in cingulate cortex, frontal cortex, and hippocampus. Mann-Whitney test identified cingulate cortex and hippocampus as regions with significantly lower median Vt in patients than in healthy volunteers when a single outlier patient was excluded from analysis (P = 0.02, corrected for multiple comparisons).
Visualization of PRC2-Dinucleosome Interactions Leading to Epigenetic Repression
Authors: Poepsel Simon , Kasinath Vignesh , Nogales Eva 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEpigenetic regulation is mediated by protein complexes that couple recognition of chromatin marks to activity or recruitment of chromatin-modifying enzymes. Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), a gene silencer that methylates lysine 27 of histone H3, is stimulated upon recognition of its own catalytic product, and has been shown to be more active on dinucleosomes than H3 tails or single nucleosomes. These properties likely facilitate local H3K27me2/3 spreading causing heterochromatin formation and gene repression. Here, cryo-EM reconstructions of human PRC2 bound to dinucleosomes show how a single PRC2, interacting with nucleosomal DNA, precisely positions the H3 tails to recognize a H3K27me3 mark in one nucleosome and is stimulated to modify a neighboring nucleosome. The geometry of the PRC2-DNA interactions allow PRC2 to tolerate different dinucleosome geometries due to varying lengths of the linker DNA. Our structures are the first to illustrate how an epigenetic regulator engages with a complex chromatin substrate.
Prickle discomfort assessment of commercial knitted wool garments
Authors: Naebe Maryam , McGregor Bruce , Dowling Melanie , Tester David 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the significant factors important for prickle discomfort properties of commercial wool knitwear and to analyse information on variability of garments manufactured over two decades, a total of 177 purchased garments were tested.

Design/methodology/approach
The relationship between the attributes of the reversed engineered garments and garment comfort, as assessed by Wool ComfortMeter, was determined.

Findings
The results indicate that: mean fibre diameter had the most significant effect on prickle assessment; the coefficient of variation of fibre diameter interacted with fabric thickness in affecting prickle discomfort; and rib knit structures were pricklier than single jersey structures.

Originality/value
The results provide objective evidence that the consumer surveys reporting dissatisfaction with the prickle discomfort of wool are based on real consumer experiences of prickle discomfort and are not based on “prejudice” against wool garments.
Sustainability in higher education’s annual reports
Authors: Schaffhauser-Linzatti Michaela Maria , Ossmann Stefan F. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
Higher education institutions are regarded as forerunners and pioneers of sustainability. However, it is to question whether they actually fulfill their role model function. This paper aims to reveal whether selected universities in Australia and Austria meet the reporting expectations about their activities on sustainability in very heterogeneous environments.

Design/methodology/approach
Annual reports of selected universities in Australia and Austria are screened by the qualitative text analysis suggested by Mayring to identify their information policy on sustainability. Following the standard definitions, sustainability comprises economic, environmental and social aspects as main categories, which are supplemented further by specifically adapted eight subcategories.

Findings
The results reveal that the universities concentrate on economic information, preferably on accounting, whereas social aspects are of second importance. Environmental activities that essentially shape the image of sustainability for the majority of the stakeholders are mostly unattended.

Research limitations/implications
For further research, the authors suggest analyzing the reports of additional countries to get a bigger picture on the role of sustainability information in university reporting. Possible limitations are because of language use and time requirements, as each report must be encoded manually.

Practical implications
The results reveal the gaps that standard setters should fill by enforcing sustainability content in universities’ reports.

Originality/value
This paper is the first to analyze the annual reports of international universities in respect to sustainability. Hereby, we further fill a gap by applying a qualitative text analysis on the basis of individually derived categories to reveal the sustainability aspects more precisely.
The status of education for sustainable development and sustainability knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of UAE University students
Authors: Al-Naqbi Ali Khalfan , Alshannag Qasim 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThis study aims to investigate United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) students’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviors toward education for sustainable development (ESD) and the environment. Several independent variables (i.e. students’ gender, nationality, college, academic level and grade point average [GPA]) were also considered.Design/methodology/approachThis study was descriptive in nature, and the data were obtained using a cross-sectional survey. A total of 823 participants responded to an e-education for sustainable development survey. Several data analysis procedures were used, including descriptive analyses, analyses of variance andt-tests.FindingsThe study revealed that the UAEU students showed a high level of understanding, very strong positive attitudes and moderate positive behavior toward ESD and the environment. Findings associated with students’ gender, nationality, college, academic level and GPA were also reported and discussed.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, the participating students came from one public university. Although this university is a major university in the nation, further studies should include samples from other public and private institutions. Second, this study did not examine the correlation among the three main components: knowledge, attitude and behavior. Thus, similar to other previous studies, the correlations among these three components should be investigated. Third, this study used previous research findings in the areas of ESD, SD and environmental education (EE) because they all relate to each other and ESD is currently the active trend in the field.Originality valueNo previous ESD studies have been conducted in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), although the country is working hard to support ESD and SD. Therefore, this study explored the current education levels with regard to SD and sustainability knowledge, attitudes and behavior of tertiary students in the UAE. In addition, previous studies have clearly recommended investigating the status of EE and ESD in younger generations, especially those with higher education levels, because they are the agents of change, and they will be affected by the environmental problems that are being created by present human activities.
Integrated virtual impedance control based pose correction for a simultaneous three-fingered end-effector
Authors: Liu Hong , Wu Jun , Fan Shaowei , Jin Minghe , Fan Chunguang 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to present a pose correction method based on integrated virtual impedance control for avoiding collision and reducing impact.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors first constructed the artificial potential field (APF) considering the geometric characteristics of the end-effector. The characteristics of the proposed field were analyzed considering the position and orientation misalignment. Then, an integrated virtual impedance control was proposed by adding resultant virtual repulsive force into traditional impedance control. Finally, the authors modified a correction trajectory for avoiding collision and reducing impact with virtual force and contact force.

Findings
The APF the authors constructed can get rid of a local minimum. Comparing with linear correction, this method is able to avoid collision effectively. When the capturing target has intrinsic estimation error, the pose correction can ensure smooth transitions among different stages.

Practical implications
This method can be implemented on a manipulator with inner position control. It can be applied to an industrial robot with applications on robotic assembly for achieving a softer and smoother process. The method can also be expanded to the kind of claw-shaped end-effectors for capturing target.

Originality value
As the authors know, it is the first time that the characteristics of the end-effector are considered for avoiding collision in capturing application. The proposed integrated virtual impedance control can provide smooth transitions among different stages without switching different force/position controllers.
Can education empower women through entrepreneurial marketing
Authors: Bhardwaj Broto Rauth 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to find the role of education in enhancing the status of women entrepreneurs through empowerment and self-employment. This will also help in upliftment of women and community services being contributed by them. The data were collected from all over India (east, west, north and south).

Design/methodology/approach
The empirical study aims at developing the understanding about role of nature of business-influencing community services through women entrepreneurship. Several organizations from manufacturing and services sectors were selected for the empirical study established by women entrepreneurs.

Findings
The data were collected through a questionnaire survey, observations and an interview method. There is a significant relationship between size of the business expansion and the sector of business and profit generated for enhancing community services through women entrepreneurship.

Research limitations/implications
This implies that in the Indian context, mostly women entrepreneurs invest and set up enterprises mostly in sectors of beauty, retail, food and childcare, other sectors that require less investment, less manual labor and comparatively non-heavy engineering sectors.

Originality/value
The results show that the expansion plan is dependent on the profits and objective of community services generated in the business.
Violent offender treatment in a medium secure unit
Authors: Howden Sharon , Midgley Jayde , Hargate Rebecca 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to conduct a preliminary evaluation of a Violent Offender Treatment Program (VOTP) adapted for use in a medium secure unit (MSU). The patient population is adult male mentally disordered offenders.

Design/methodology/approach
Patient outcomes are explored using the Reliable Change Index and Clinical Significance Criterion. Outcomes are assessed using VOTP facilitators violence risk assessment (VRS), multi-disciplinary team violence risk assessment (HCR-20 and GAS-V), and patient self-report using two measures (FAVT and STAXI-2).

Findings
There was evidence of improved outcomes for some participants in some areas related to risk of violence.

Research limitations/implications
Consideration is given to using varied risk assessments to evaluate outcomes of an adapted VOTP for a MSU.

Originality/value
There is limited development and evaluation of psychological treatment programmes that aim to reduce risk of violence for male offenders within MSUs. Outcomes of this evaluation could influence treatment delivery and evaluation in other services.
English vs Dutch high secure hospitals: service user perspectives
Authors: Völlm Birgit , Majid Shaz , Edworthy Rachel 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe service users’ perspectives on the difference between high secure long-stay forensic psychiatric services in the Netherlands and high secure forensic psychiatric care in England. These perspectives are relevant in considering the benefits of a similar long-stay service in England.

Design/methodology/approach
A current in-patient detained in a high secure hospital in England and other mental health service users and carers with experience in forensic-psychiatric settings were asked to watch a documentary on a Dutch high secure long-stay service. Then they were invited to make comparisons between this service and high secure care in England. These perspectives were gained in the context of their membership of the Service User Reference Group of an externally funded study on long-stay in forensic-psychiatric settings in England.

Findings
The small group of participants highlighted the importance of relational security, meaningful occupation, autonomy, positive therapeutic relationships with staff and a homely environment for those with lengthy admissions and perceived these to be better met in the Dutch service. These factors might contribute to improved quality of life that services should strive to achieve, especially for those with prolonged admissions.

Practical implications
Perspectives of service users with lived experience of long-stay in forensic settings are important in informing service developments. Lessons can be learnt from initiatives to improve the quality of life in long-stay services in other countries and consideration be given on how to best manage this unique group.

Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge this is the first study asking service users about their view on forensic services in other countries. The findings suggest that service users have valuable contributions to make to aid service developments and should be involved in similar such exercises in the future.
Building a developmental culture of feedback
Authors: Drago-Severson Ellie , Blum-DeStefano Jessica 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThis paper draws from more than 25 years of research with aspiring and practicing educational leaders to present six strategies for building aculture of feedbackin schools, teams, districts, professional learning opportunities, and other educational settings. These strategies reflect key elements of the authors’ new, developmental approach to feedback. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThrough the lens of adult developmental theory, the authors highlight foundational learnings from open-ended survey research with 14 educational leaders about their experiences giving and receiving feedback, and prior qualitative, mixed-method, and longitudinal research with principals, assistant principals, teachers, superintendents, and other educational leaders.FindingsThe authors share six developmentally oriented strategies for establishing trust and building conditions for authentic, generative feedback: finding value in mistakes, modeling vulnerability, caring for the (inter)personal, clarifying expectations, sharing developmental ideas, and building an infrastructure for collaboration.Practical implicationsThis work has implications for leadership and leadership preparation, especially given contemporary emphases on collaboration and high-stakes evaluations as tools for ongoing improvement, enhancing professional capital, and internal, individual, and system-wide capacity building.Originality/valueBecause a developmental perspective has been noticeably missing from the wider feedback literatureandleadership preparation curricula, this work extends and enhances tenets from different fields (e.g. business, developmental psychology, educational leadership and educational leadership preparation), while also addressing urgent calls for educational reform; leadership preparation, development, and practice; and professional capital building.