bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ON THE ROLE OF THE ΩΓ LIMIT IN THE FORMATION OF POPULATION III MASSIVE STARS
Authors: Lee Hunchul , Yoon Sung-Chul 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
We explore the role of the modified Eddington limit due to rapid rotation (the so-called ΩΓ limit) in the formation of Population III stars. We performed one-dimensional stellar evolution simulations of zero-metallicity protostars accreting mass at a very high rate (

) and dealt with stellar rotation as a separate post-process. The protostar would reach the Keplerian rotation very soon after the onset of mass accretion, but mass accretion would continue as stellar angular momentum is transferred outward to the accretion disk by viscous stress. The envelope of the protostar expands rapidly when the stellar mass reaches ~5–7 M
⊙ and the Eddington factor increases sharply. This makes the protostar rotate critically at a rate that is significantly below the Keplerian value (i.e., the ΩΓ limit). The resultant positive gradient of the angular velocity in the boundary layer between the protostar and the Keplerian disk prohibits angular momentum transport from the star to the disk, and consequently further rapid mass accretion. This would prevent the protostar from growing significantly beyond 20–40 M
⊙. Another important consequence of the ΩΓ limit is that the protostar can remain fairly compact (R ≲ 50 R
⊙) and avoid a fluffy structure (R ≳ 500 R
⊙) that is usually found with a very high rate of mass accretion. This effect would make the protostar less prone to binary interactions during the protostar phase. Although our analysis is based on Population III protostar models, this role of the ΩΓ limit would be universal in the formation process of massive stars, regardless of metallicity.
STABLE AND UNSTABLE REGIMES OF MASS ACCRETION ONTO RW AUR A
Authors: Takami Michihiro , Wei Yu-Jie , Chou Mei-Yin , Karr Jennifer L. , Beck Tracy L. , Manset Nadine , Chen Wen-Ping , Kurosawa Ryuichi , Fukagawa Misato , White Marc , Galván-Madrid Roberto , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Pyo Tae-Soo , Donati Jean-Francois 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
We present monitoring observations of the active T Tauri star RW Aur, from 2010 October to 2015 January, using optical high-resolution (R ≥ 10,000) spectroscopy with Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope/ESPaDOnS. Optical photometry in the literature shows bright, stable fluxes over most of this period, with lower fluxes (by 2–3 mag) in 2010 and 2014. In the bright period our spectra show clear photospheric absorption, complicated variation in the Ca ii
λ8542 emission profile shapes, and a large variation in redshifted absorption in the O i
λλ7772 and 8446 and He i
λ5876 lines, suggesting unstable mass accretion during this period. In contrast, these line profiles are relatively uniform during the faint periods, suggesting stable mass accretion. During the faint periods, the photospheric absorption lines are absent or marginal, and the averaged Li i profile shows redshifted absorption due to an inflow. We discuss (1) occultation by circumstellar material or a companion and (2) changes in the activity of mass accretion to explain the above results, together with near-infrared and X-ray observations from 2011 to 2015. Neither scenario can simply explain all the observed trends, and more theoretical work is needed to further investigate their feasibilities.
STRONG LYα EMISSION IN THE PROXIMATE DAMPED LYα ABSORPTION TROUGH TOWARD THE QUASAR SDSS J095253.83+011422.0
Authors: Jiang Peng , Zhou Hongyan , Pan Xiang , Jiang Ning , Shu Xinwen , Wang Huiyuan , Gu Qiusheng , Li Zhenzhen , Wu Maochun , Shi Xiheng , Ji Tuo , Tian Qiguo , Zhang Shaohua 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
SDSS J095253.83+011422.0 (J0952+0114) was reported by Hall et al. as an exotic quasar at z
em = 3.020. In contrast to prominent broad metal-line emission with FWHM ∼ 9000 km s−1, only a narrow Lyα emission line is present with FWHM ∼ 1000 km s−1. The absence of a broad Lyα emission line has been a mystery for more than a decade. In this paper, we demonstrate that this absence is due to dark proximate damped Lyα absorption (PDLA) at z
abs = 3.010 by identifying associated Lyman absorption line series from the damped Lyβ up to Ly9, as well as the Lyman limit absorption edge. The PDLA cloud has a column density of

, a metallicity of [Zn/H] > −1.0, and a spatial extent exceeding the narrow emission line region (NELR) of the quasar. With a luminosity of

erg s−1, the residual Lyα emission superposed on the PDLA trough is two orders of magnitude stronger than found by previous reports. This is best explained as re-radiated photons arising from the quasar outflowing gas on a larger scale than in the NELR. The PDLA here, acting like a natural coronagraph, provides us with valuable insight into the illuminated gases in the vicinity of the quasar, which are usually hard to resolve due to their small size and the “seeing fuzz” of bright quasars. Notably, J0952+0114 analogs might be easily omitted in the spectroscopic surveys of DLAs and PDLAs because their damped Lyα troughs can be fully filled by additional strong Lyα emissions. Our preliminary survey shows that such systems are not very rare. They could potentially be a unique sample for probing strong quasar feedback phenomena in the early universe.
STRUCTURES OF THE VELA PULSAR AND THE GLITCH CRISIS FROM THE BRUECKNER THEORY
Authors: Li A. , Dong J. M. , Wang J. B. , Xu R. X. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Detailed structures of the Vela pulsar (PSR B0833-45, with a period of 89.33 ms) are predicted by adopting a recently constructed unified treatment of all parts of neutron stars: the outer crust, the inner crust, and the core based on modern microscopic Brueckner–Hartree–Fock calculations. Taking a pulsar mass in the range from 1.0 to 2.0 M
⊙, we calculate the central density, the core/crust radii, the core/crustal mass, the core/crustal thickness, the moment of inertia, and the crustal moment of inertia. Among them, the crustal moment of inertia could be effectively constrained from the accumulated glitch observations, which has been a great debate recently, known as the “glitch crisis.” Namely, superfluid neutrons contained in the inner crust, which are regarded as the origin of the glitch in the standard two-component model, could be largely entrained in the nuclei lattices, and then there may not be enough superfluid neutrons (∼4/5 less than the previous value) to trigger the large glitches (Δν/ν
0 ∼ 10−6) in the Vela pulsar. By confronting the glitch observations with the theoretical calculations for the crustal moment of inertia, we find that despite some recent opposition to the crisis argument, the glitch crisis is still present, which means that besides the crustal superfluid neutrons, core neutrons might be necessary for explaining the large glitches of the Vela pulsar.
THE MOST LUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE
Authors: Sukhbold Tuguldur , Woosley S. E. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Recent observations have revealed a stunning diversity of extremely luminous supernovae, seemingly increasing in radiant energy without bound. We consider simple approximate limits for what existing models can provide for the peak luminosity and total radiated energy for non-relativistic, isotropic stellar explosions. The brightest possible supernova is a Type I explosion powered by a sub-millisecond magnetar with field strength B ∼ few

G. In extreme cases, such models might reach a peak luminosity of

and radiate a total energy of up to

. Other less luminous models are also explored, including prompt hyper-energetic explosions in red supergiants, pulsational-pair instability supernovae, pair-instability supernovae, and colliding shells. Approximate analytic expressions and limits are given for each case. Excluding magnetars, the peak luminosity is near

for the brightest models and the corresponding limit on total radiated energy is

. Barring new physics, supernovae with a light output over

erg must be rotationally powered, either during the explosion itself or after, the most obvious candidate being a rapidly rotating magnetar. A magnetar-based model for the recent transient event, ASASSN-15lh is presented that strains, but does not exceed the limits of what the model can provide.
FIRST CONNECTION BETWEEN COLD GAS IN EMISSION AND ABSORPTION: CO EMISSION FROM A GALAXY–QUASAR PAIR
Authors: Neeleman Marcel , Prochaska J. Xavier , Zwaan Martin A. , Kanekar Nissim , Christensen Lise , Dessauges-Zavadsky Miroslava , Fynbo Johan P. U. , Kampen Eelco van , Møller Palle , Zafar Tayyaba 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the first detection of molecular emission from a galaxy selected to be near a projected background quasar using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The ALMA detection of CO(1−0) emission from the z = 0.101 galaxy toward quasar PKS 0439–433 is coincident with its stellar disk and yields a molecular gas mass of M
mol ≈ 4.2 × 109
M
⊙ (for a Galactic CO-to-H2 conversion factor), larger than the upper limit on its atomic gas mass. We resolve the CO velocity field, obtaining a rotational velocity of 134 ± 11 km s−1 and a resultant dynamical mass of ≥4 × 1010
M
⊙. Despite its high metallicity and large molecular mass, the z = 0.101 galaxy has a low star formation rate, implying a large gas consumption timescale, larger than that typical of late-type galaxies. Most of the molecular gas is hence likely to be in a diffuse extended phase, rather than in dense molecular clouds. By combining the results of emission and absorption studies, we find that the strongest molecular absorption component toward the quasar cannot arise from the molecular disk, but is likely to arise from diffuse gas in the galaxy’s circumgalactic medium. Our results emphasize the potential of combining molecular and stellar emission line studies with optical absorption line studies to achieve a more complete picture of the gas within and surrounding high-redshift galaxies.
The Indian Auto Rickshaw in Egypt: An Ethnography of Transnational Trade Connections
Authors: Tastevin Yann Philippe 
Published: March 2016

How did the introduction of the Indian auto rickshaw in Egypt lead to the establishment of a transnational supply chain in the urban margins of the Nile Delta? Following the trajectory of an Indian trader in Egypt, this article reveals unexpected continuities and connections between networks of people and places. Its primary aim is to open a discussion on the epistemological issues of a rupture that is difficult to grasp, that is, the shift from a ‘globalization from below’ – limited to a few regions of the world and led by pioneer migrant-entrepreneurs – to a general globalization of trade frameworks.
Case Study – Superlifting of Topsides for the Integration of Gumusut-Kakap Semi-Floating Production System FPS
Authors: Infante Johann Fruylan , Mansor Norzehan binti Hj , Hanafi Hisham bin M. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
To present the methodologies and processes used during planning, fabrication and assembly of superlift systems; and execution of Topsides superlift as a pre-requisite for the integration of Gumusut-Kakap Semi-Floating Production System (FPS) Topsides and Hull structures.
Gumusut-Kakap FPS is divided into two (2) major structures namely: Hull (19,440 MT) and Topsides (20,920 MT). Both are fabricated and erected as two (2) separate structures and are to be integrated using Superlift and Skidding Systems.
Gumusut Topsides, composed of four (4) modules, were lifted simultaneously to a height of forty five (45) meters above ground level using Superlift System (composed of strand jacks in a vertical orientation as a lifting device and steel fabricated superstructures to bear all the loads of the lifting operation) to allow skidding of the Hull components which are to be shifted sequentially underneath the super lifted Topsides.
The methodology covers both the Topsides Superlift preparation and operation. Preparation involves fabrication and assembly of the steel fabricated superstructures composed of Lifting Towers, Jacking Legs and Carrier Beams; as well as pre-setting of these towers to ensure that Jacking Leg's fixed anchor points and lifting tower's Cathead will be on a permissible post-displacement location while subjected to lifting loads. A preset value is incorporated into superlift structural design to account for this operational deflection.
During pre-load test, strand wires were tensioned to lift the Carrier Beams until its knife-edge bearing (KEB) touches the Topsides' bearing plate while the lifting points loaded to 75% of the theoretical vertical load. Proof loading of the superlift system was done by subjecting each lifting point to 110% of the expected (theoretical) vertical load. This was achieved by lifting one point of the module at a time thereby reducing the module twist.
Super lifting of modules started by increasing the load at all lifting points to 90 % ~ 100% until all the modules were lifted from the supports until it reached a height of 45 meters. Water levels over KEB support points were used to monitor levelness of the Carrier Beams. Finally, Topside superlift operation was completed successfully and safely after seven (7) days (from pre-load to 45 meter lifting of topsides). The whole superlift process (until hull-topsides integration) took thirty four (34) days.
This is the first floating platform and heaviest ever constructed in Malaysia which involves an inland integration of Hull and Topsides. This presentation will be beneficial to other/future fabricators in this region during their evaluation/study of the suitability of this integration method to complete the assembly of similar structures.
Dedicated Three-dimensional Breast Computed Tomography: Lesion Characteristic Perception by Radiologists
Authors: Kuzmiak Cherie Marie , Cole Elodia B , Zeng Donglin , Tuttle Laura A , Steed Doreen , Pisano Etta D 
Published: March 2016

Objectives:
To assess radiologist confidence in the characterization of suspicious breast lesions with a dedicated three-dimensional breast computed tomography (DBCT) system in comparison to diagnostic two-dimensional digital mammography (dxDM).

Materials and Methods:
Twenty women were recruited who were to undergo a breast biopsy for a Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 4 or 5 lesion evaluated with dxDM in this Institutional Review Board-approved study. The enrolled subjects underwent imaging of the breast(s) of concern using DBCT. Seven radiologists reviewed the cases. Each reader compared DBCT to the dxDM and was asked to specify the lesion type and BI-RADS score for each lesion and modality. They also compared lesion characteristics: Shape for masses or morphology for calcifications; and margins for masses or distribution for calcifications between the modalities using confidence scores (0–100).

Results:
Twenty-four biopsied lesions were included in this study: 17 (70.8%) masses and 7 (29.2%) calcifications. Eight (33.3%) lesions were malignant, and 16 (66.7%) were benign. Across all lesions, there was no significant difference in the margin/distribution (Δ = −0.99, P = 0.84) and shape/morphology (Δ = −0.10, P = 0.98) visualization confidence scores of DBCT in relation to dxDM. However, analysis by lesion type showed a statistically significant increase in reader shape (Δ =11.34, P = 0.013) and margin (Δ =9.93, P = 0.023) visualization confidence with DBCT versus dxDM for masses and significant decrease in reader morphology (Δ = −29.95, P = 0.001) and distribution (Δ = −28.62, P = 0.002) visualization confidence for calcifications.

Conclusion:
Reader confidence in the characterization of suspicious masses is significantly improved with DBCT, but reduced for calcifications. Further study is needed to determine whether this technology can be used for breast cancer screening.
A Design Methodology for Medical Processes
Authors: Bonacina Stefano , Pozzi Giuseppe , Pinciroli Francesco , Marceglia Sara , Ferrante Simona 
Published: March 2016

SummaryHealthcare processes, especially those belonging to the clinical domain, are acknowledged as complex and characterized by the dynamic nature of the diagnosis, the variability of the decisions made by experts driven by their experiences, the local constraints, the patient’s needs, the uncertainty of the patient’s response, and the indeterminacy of patient’s compliance to treatment. Also, the multiple actors involved in patient’s care need clear and transparent communication to ensure care coordination.In this paper, we propose a methodology to model healthcare processes in order to break out complexity and provide transparency.The model is grounded on a set of requirements that make the healthcare domain unique with respect to other knowledge domains. The modeling methodology is based on three main phases: the study of the environmental context, the conceptual modeling, and the logical modeling.The proposed methodology was validated by applying it to the case study of the rehabilitation process of stroke patients in the specific setting of a specialized rehabilitation center. The resulting model was used to define the specifications of a software artifact for the digital administration and collection of assessment tests that was also implemented.Despite being only an example, our case study showed the ability of process modeling to answer the actual needs in healthcare practices. Independently from the medical domain in which the modeling effort is done, the proposed methodology is useful to create high-quality models, and to detect and take into account relevant and tricky situations that can occur during process execution.
Het drievoudige leven van gedachte-experimenten
Authors: Ierodiakonou Katerina 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

The Triple Life of Ancient Thought Experiments

There is no ancient Greek term corresponding to what we nowadays refer to as a thought experiment, and presumably ancient philosophers did not have our modern notion of a thought experiment. But there is no doubt that they did use thought experiments. In fact, they often employed them in ways similar to those of contemporary philosophers, that is, both for defending their own theories as well as for refuting the theories of their opponents. What seems to be particularly intriguing, though, is a third way in which thought experiments were used in antiquity, and particularly in Hellenistic philosophy, namely in order to induce suspension of judgement. For the ancient Sceptics, who wanted to avoid being saddled with dogmatic opinions, made abundant use of thought experiments, not in order to settle philosophical controversies, but in order to formulate arguments of the same strength in support of contradictory beliefs. Indeed, in some cases the hypothetical scenario of one and the same thought experiment was evoked on both sides of a philosophical dispute. Thus, thought experiments were used by ancient philosophers: first, in order to support philosophical theories; second, in order to rebut philosophical theories; and third, in order to induce suspension of judgement. This is what I call the triple life of ancient thought experiments.
De praktische en epistemische waarde van het pyrronisme
Authors: Machuca Diego 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

The Practical and Epistemic Value of Pyrrhonism

This paper assesses both the practical and the epistemic value of Pyrrhonism as this stance is described in Sextus Empiricus’s extant writings. It will first be explored whether the Pyrrhonist’s suspension of judgment and undisturbedness make us behave in a moral or immoral way, and whether they allow us to attain those goals that would make it possible to live well. It will then be examined whether the Pyrrhonist’s suspension of judgment makes it possible to reach the epistemic goals of attaining truth and avoiding error. It will finally be considered whether the results of the previous analyses show that Pyrrhonism is of no philosophical interest to a contemporary audience.
Vrijheid door scepticisme
Authors: Nickel Philip J. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Freedom Through Skepticism

In this paper, I consider a form of skepticism that has a permissive conclusion, according to which we are rationally permitted to suspend judgment in an area, or to have beliefs in that area. I argue that such a form of skepticism is resistant to some traditional strategies of refutation. It also carries a benefit, namely that it increases voluntary control over doxastic states by introducing options, and therefore greater freedom, into the realm of belief. I argue that intellectual preferences and dispositions provide decisive reasons that can settle our doxastic states in such cases.
A micro-capacitive pressure sensor design and modelling
Authors: Kubba Ali E. , Hasson Ahmed , Kubba Ammar I. , Hall Gregory 
Published: March 2016

Abstract. Measuring air pressure using a capacitive pressure sensor is a robust and precise technique. In addition, a system that employs such transducers lies within the low power consumption applications such as wireless sensor nodes. In this article a high sensitivity with an elliptical diaphragm capacitive pressure sensor is proposed. This design was compared with a circular diaphragm in terms of thermal stresses and pressure and temperature sensitivity. The proposed sensor is targeted for tyre pressure monitoring system application. Altering the overlapping area between the capacitor plates by decreasing the effective capacitance area to improve the overall sensitivity of the sensor (ΔC ∕ C), temperature sensitivity, and built-up stresses is also examined in this article. Theoretical analysis and finite element analysis (FEA) were employed to study pressure and temperature effects on the behaviour of the proposed capacitive pressure sensor. A MEMS (micro electro-mechanical systems) manufacturing processing plan for the proposed capacitive sensor is presented. An extra-low power short-range wireless read-out circuit suited for energy harvesting purposes is presented in this article. The developed read-out circuitry was tested in terms of sensitivity and transmission range.
دور المعلومات في التخطيط الاستراتيجي واتخاذ القرار: دراسة تطبيقية على المؤسسات الاقتصادية الحكومية العمانية
Authors: Salim Alissai Huda , Harth Alharasi Nabhan , Zahran Alhaji Khlfan 
Published: March 2016

دور المعلومات في التخطيط الاستراتيجي واتخاذ القرار: دراسة تطبيقية على المؤسسات الاقتصادية الحكومية العمانيةتعتبر المعلومات في العصر الحالي إحدى الركائز الأساسية في عمليات التنمية الاقتصادية على مختلف مستويات الاقتصاد وتزداد أهمية تلك المعلومات في ظل التغيرات السريعة والمتلاحقة للأحداث في مختلف المجالات، مما يحتم على متخذي القرار الحصول على تلك المعلومات في الوقت المناسب حتى يتمكنوا من حسم قراراتهم بصورة واضحة.
تهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور المعلومات في التخطيط الاستراتيجي واتخاذ القرار في المؤسسات الاقتصادية الحكومية العمانية ،وذلك بمعرفة آلية اتخاذ القرار المتبعة في تلك المؤسسات وبيان أهمية المعلومات في التخطيط الاستراتيجي واتخاذ القرار .
ستعتمد الدراسة لتحقيق أهدافها على المنهج النوعي، وذلك باستخدام المقابلة الشخصية المفتوحة لتكون أداة لجمع البيانات، وذلك بإختيار 12 مؤسسة اقتصادية حكومية عمانية لتمثل مجتمع الدراسة، ثم مقابلة أصحاب القرار بتلك المؤسسات على مختلف مسمياتهم الوظيفية، ودرجاتهم العلمية.
وستعمل الدراسة على تحليل نتائجها بشكل علمي سليم يحقق الأهداف المرجوة من القيام بها، وذلك للخروج بنتائج وتوصيات تسهم بشكل إيجابي في تطوير قطاع المعلومات بالمؤسسات الاقتصادية بشكل خاص ومختلف المؤسسات بالسلطنة بشكل عام.