bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uptake, distribution in different tissues, and genotoxicity of imidacloprid in the freshwater fish Australoheros facetus
Authors: Iturburu Fernando G. , Zömisch Markus , Panzeri Ana M. , Crupkin Andrea C. , Contardo-Jara Valeska , Pflugmacher Stephan , Menone Mirta L. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

The neonicotinoid imidacloprid is under re-evaluation by regulatory agencies because of the poor current information available regarding its potential effects. One of the goals of the present study was to determine imidacloprid uptake and distribution in the freshwater fish Australoheros facetus experimentally exposed for 24 h and 48 h to 100 μg/L, 300 μg/L, and 2500 μg/L. The toxicity of imidacloprid to fish reported in the literature is in the milligrams per liter or gram per liter range, but sublethal effects at micrograms per liter in some groups other than fish have been described. Another goal of the present study was to evaluate imidacloprid's potential genotoxicity and to compare it between the individual compound and a commercial formulation. Concentrations of imidacloprid were measured in water, brain, muscle, gills, gut, liver, and blood by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Imidacloprid was detected in all the tissues tested. Concentrations were higher after 48 h than after 24 h in liver, gills, gut, and muscle, whereas in brain and blood they were similar at both exposure times. Although there was no accumulation, only uptake, of imidacloprid, genotoxicity was observed. In fish exposed to IMIDA NOVA 35®, increased micronucleus frequency at 100 µg/L and 1000 µg/L was detected, whereas in the imidacloprid active ingredient bioassay it increased only at 1000 µg/L imidacloprid. The present findings warn of the possible consequences that fish living in freshwater ecosystems can suffer. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:699–708. © 2016 SETAC
5G radio access above 6 GHz
Authors: Shariat Mehrdad , Gutierrez‐Estevez David M. , Vijay Arnesh , Safjan Krystian , Rugeland Patrik , da Silva Icaro , Lorca Javier , Widmer Joerg , Fresia Maria , Li Yilin , Siaud Isabelle 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDesigning and developing a millimetre‐wave (mmWave)‐based mobile radio access technology (RAT) in the 6–100 GHz frequency range is a fundamental component in the standardisation of the new 5G radio interface, recently kicked off by 3rd Generation Partnership Project. Such component herein called the new mmWave RAT will not only enable extreme mobile broadband services but also support ultra‐high definition/three‐dimensional streaming, offer immersive applications and ultra‐responsive cloud services to provide an outstanding quality of experience to the mobile users. The main objective of this paper is to develop the network architectural elements and functions that will enable tight integration of mmWave technology into the overall 5G radio access network. A broad range of topics addressing mobile architecture and network functionalities will be covered–starting with the architectural facets of network slicing, multi‐connectivity and cells clustering, to more functional elements of initial access, mobility, radio resource management and self‐backhauling. The intention of the concepts presented here is to lay foundation for future studies towards the first commercial implementation of the mmWave RAT above 6 GHz. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identifying and assessing the application of ecosystem services approaches in environmental policies and decision making
Authors: Van Wensem Joke , Calow Peter , Dollacker Annik , Maltby Lorraine , Olander Lydia , Tuvendal Magnus , Van Houtven George 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

The presumption is that ecosystem services (ES) approaches provide a better basis for environmental decision making than do other approaches because they make explicit the connection between human well-being and ecosystem structures and processes. However, the existing literature does not provide a precise description of ES approaches for environmental policy and decision making, nor does it assess whether these applications will make a difference in terms of changing decisions and improving outcomes. We describe 3 criteria that can be used to identify whether and to what extent ES approaches are being applied: 1) connect impacts all the way from ecosystem changes to human well-being, 2) consider all relevant ES affected by the decision, and 3) consider and compare the changes in well-being of different stakeholders. As a demonstration, we then analyze retrospectively whether and how the criteria were met in different decision-making contexts. For this assessment, we have developed an analysis format that describes the type of policy, the relevant scales, the decisions or questions, the decision maker, and the underlying documents. This format includes a general judgment of how far the 3 ES criteria have been applied. It shows that the criteria can be applied to many different decision-making processes, ranging from the supranational to the local scale and to different parts of decision-making processes. In conclusion we suggest these criteria could be used for assessments of the extent to which ES approaches have been and should be applied, what benefits and challenges arise, and whether using ES approaches made a difference in the decision-making process, decisions made, or outcomes of those decisions. Results from such studies could inform future use and development of ES approaches, draw attention to where the greatest benefits and challenges are, and help to target integration of ES approaches into policies, where they can be most effective. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2017;13:41–51. © 2016 SETAC.

Key Points
Criteria are developed to identify whether and to what extent ecosystem services (ES) approaches are being used in environmental decision making, and then are applied to different decision-making processes, ranging from the supranational to the local scale. Case studies show that the criteria can be applied to different decision-making instruments at a range of scales. Systematic application of the criteria would provide insight into the extent to which ES approaches have been and should be applied, what benefits and challenges arise, and whether using ES approaches made a difference in the decision-making process, decisions made, or outcomes of those decisions.
Multimodal imaging for nonmelanoma skin cancer margin delineation
Authors: Fan Bo , Neel Victor A. , Yaroslavsky Anna N. 
Published: August 2016

Background and ObjectiveNonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common form of cancer worldwide. The most effective form of treating this cancer is its surgical removal. As NMSC rarely metastasize, its complete excision is often curative. We investigated the potential of combining Terahertz Pulsed Imaging (TPI) with polarization enhanced reflectance optical imaging for the accurate intraoperative delineation of NMSC.Materials and MethodsFresh thick samples with residual cancer were obtained from surgeries. The samples were imaged within two hours using polarization optical and TPI systems without remounting. Analysis of the TPI results was performed in the frequency domain. Co‐ and cross‐polarized optical images were acquired at 410 nm. Superficial optical images were obtained by subtracting cross‐polarized from the respective co‐polarized images. Terahertz, optical, and histological images were overlaid and compared.Results and ConclusionsOur results show that the frequency powers of diseased and normal skin tissues differ significantly at 0.47 THz. While TPI has demonstrated contrast between diseased and normal tissue, it can also highlight normal structures. As TPI alone lacks the resolution necessary to distinguish between tissue types morphologically, polarization optical imaging was used for the inspection of the suspicious areas highlighted by TPI. Combined TPI and optical imaging has the potential for quick intraoperative delineation of cancers. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:319–326, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Astigmatism corrected common path probe for optical coherence tomography
Authors: Singh Kanwarpal , Yamada Daisuke , Tearney Guillermo 
Published: August 2016

Background and ObjectivesOptical coherence tomography (OCT) catheters for intraluminal imaging are subject to various artifacts due to reference‐sample arm dispersion imbalances and sample arm beam astigmatism. The goal of this work was to develop a probe that minimizes such artifacts.Materials and MethodsOur probe was fabricated using a single mode fiber at the tip of which a glass spacer and graded index objective lens were spliced to achieve the desired focal distance. The signal was reflected using a curved reflector to correct for astigmatism caused by the thin, protective, transparent sheath that surrounds the optics. The probe design was optimized using Zemax, a commercially available optical design software. Common path interferometric operation was achieved using Fresnel reflection from the tip of the focusing graded index objective lens. The performance of the probe was tested using a custom designed spectrometer‐based OCT system.ResultsThe probe achieved an axial resolution of 15.6 μm in air, a lateral resolution 33 μm, and a sensitivity of 103 dB. A scattering tissue phantom was imaged to test the performance of the probe for astigmatism correction. Images of the phantom confirmed that this common‐path, astigmatism‐corrected OCT imaging probe had minimal artifacts in the axial, and lateral dimensions.ConclusionsIn this work, we developed an astigmatism‐corrected, common path probe that minimizes artifacts associated with standard OCT probes. This design may be useful for OCT applications that require high axial and lateral resolutions. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:312–318, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Current‐induced alternating reversed dual‐echo‐steady‐state for joint estimation of tissue relaxation and electrical properties
Authors: Lee Hyunyeol , Sohn Chul‐Ho , Park Jaeseok 
Published: August 2016

PurposeTo develop a current‐induced, alternating reversed dual‐echo‐steady‐state‐based magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography for joint estimation of tissue relaxation and electrical properties.MethodsThe proposed method reverses the readout gradient configuration of conventional, in which steady‐state‐free‐precession (SSFP)‐ECHO is produced earlier than SSFP‐free‐induction‐decay (FID) while alternating current pulses are applied in between the two SSFPs to secure high sensitivity of SSFP‐FID to injection current. Additionally, alternating reversed dual‐echo‐steady‐state signals are modulated by employing variable flip angles over two orthogonal injections of current pulses. Ratiometric signal models are analytically constructed, from which T1, T2, and current‐induced Bz are jointly estimated by solving a nonlinear inverse problem for conductivity reconstruction. Numerical simulations and experimental studies are performed to investigate the feasibility of the proposed method in estimating relaxation parameters and conductivity.ResultsThe proposed method, if compared with conventional magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography, enables rapid data acquisition and simultaneous estimation of T1, T2, and current‐induced Bz, yielding a comparable level of signal‐to‐noise ratio in the parameter estimates while retaining a relative conductivity contrast.ConclusionWe successfully demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method in jointly estimating tissue relaxation parameters as well as conductivity distributions. It can be a promising, rapid imaging strategy for quantitative conductivity estimation. Magn Reson Med 78:107–120, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Correlation between “hourglass‐like fascicular constriction” and idiopathic anterior interosseous nerve palsy
Authors: Sunagawa Toru , Nakashima Yuko , Shinomiya Rikuo , Kurumadani Hiroshi , Adachi Nobuo , Ochi Mitsuo 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: In recent operative cases of anterior interosseous nerve palsy (AINP), hourglass‐like fascicular constrictions have been reported. We prospectively investigated the ultrasonographic history of these lesions to better understand the role of this lesion in AINP. Methods: Seven patients who were diagnosed with idiopathic AINP based on classic clinical findings and had hourglass‐like fascicular constrictions found on ultrasonography were included. All but 1 patient selected surgery, and we followed up all patients clinically and with ultrasonography. Results: In the 5 patients treated surgically in whom paralysis recovered to a level greater than M4, postoperative ultrasonography revealed less constriction. The other patient experienced little recovery after surgery, and the severe constriction remained. In a conservatively treated patient, the paralysis recovered completely, and upon ultrasonography, the constriction had lessened. Conclusions: Although the mechanism is still unknown, hourglass‐like fascicular constriction lessened with relief of motor weakness both in operatively and conservatively treated patients. Muscle Nerve 55: 508–512, 2017
Packing Configurations of PBX‐9501 Cylinders to Reduce the Probability of a Deflagration to Detonation Transition (DDT)
Authors: Beckvermit Jacqueline , Harman Todd , Wight Charles , Berzins Martin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe detonation of hundreds of explosive devices from either a transportation or storage accident is an extremely dangerous event. This paper focuses on identifying ways of packing/storing arrays of explosive cylinders that will reduce the probability of a Deflagration to Detonation Transition (DDT). The Uintah Computational Framework was utilized to predict the conditions necessary for a large scale DDT to occur. The results showed that the arrangement of the explosive cylinders and the number of devices packed in a “box” greatly effects the probability of a detonation.
Quantum‐classical transition equation with complex trajectories
Authors: Chou Chia‐Chun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA quantum‐classical transition equation in complex space is derived in the framework of the complex quantum Hamilton–Jacobi formalism. The transition equation is obtained by subtracting a complex‐valued quantum potential term from the complex‐extended time‐dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). It is shown that the nonlinear transition equation is equivalent to a linear scaled TDSE with a rescaled Planck's constant. Employing the quantum momentum function defined by the gradient of the complex action, we can analyze the quantum‐classical transition of physical systems using complex transition trajectories. Complex transition trajectories are presented for the free Gaussian wave packet, the harmonic oscillator, and the Morse potential. This study demonstrates that the transition equation provides a continuous description for the quantum‐classical transition of physical systems in complex space.
On nearest‐neighbor Gaussian process models for massive spatial data
Authors: Datta Abhirup , Banerjee Sudipto , Finley Andrew O. , Gelfand Alan E. 
Published: August 2016

Gaussian Process (GP) models provide a very flexible nonparametric approach to modeling location‐and‐time indexed datasets. However, the storage and computational requirements for GP models are infeasible for large spatial datasets. Nearest Neighbor Gaussian Processes (Datta A, Banerjee S, Finley AO, Gelfand AE. Hierarchical nearest‐neighbor gaussian process models for large geostatistical datasets. J Am Stat Assoc 2016., JASA) provide a scalable alternative by using local information from few nearest neighbors. Scalability is achieved by using the neighbor sets in a conditional specification of the model. We show how this is equivalent to sparse modeling of Cholesky factors of large covariance matrices. We also discuss a general approach to construct scalable Gaussian Processes using sparse local kriging. We present a multivariate data analysis which demonstrates how the nearest neighbor approach yields inference indistinguishable from the full rank GP despite being several times faster. Finally, we also propose a variant of the NNGP model for automating the selection of the neighbor set size. WIREs Comput Stat 2016, 8:162–171. doi: 10.1002/wics.1383This article is categorized under:

Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Bayesian Methods and Theory
Data: Types and Structure > Image and Spatial Data
Roles of long noncoding RNAs in chromosome domains
Authors: Tomita Saori , Abdalla Mohamed Osama Ali , Fujiwara Saori , Yamamoto Tatsuro , Iwase Hirotaka , Nakao Mitsuyoshi , Saitoh Noriko 
Published: August 2016

The cell nucleus is highly organized and functionally compartmentalized. Double‐stranded naked DNA is complexed with core histones and assembled into nucleosomes and chromatin, which are surrounded by nuclear domains composed of RNAs and proteins. Recently, three‐dimensional views of chromosome organization beyond the level of the nucleosome have been established and are composed of several layers of chromosome domains. Only a small portion of the human genome encodes proteins; the majority is pervasively transcribed into noncoding RNAs whose functions are under intensive investigation. Importantly, the questions of how nuclear retained noncoding RNAs play roles in orchestrating the chromatin structure that have been addressed. We discuss the novel noncoding RNA clusters, Eleanors, which are derived from a large chromatin domain. They accumulate at the site of their own transcription to form RNA clouds in the nucleus, and they activate gene expression in the chromatin domain. Noncoding RNAs have emerging roles in genome regulation that are integrated into the spatial organization of chromatin and the nucleus. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1384. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1384This article is categorized under:

Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Brief report: Overgeneral autobiographical memory in adolescent major depressive disorder
Authors: Champagne Katelynn , Burkhouse Katie L. , Woody Mary L. , Feurer Cope , Sosoo Effua , Gibb Brandon E. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe current study examined whether overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM) bias serves as a state‐like marker of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescence or whether it would also be observed in currently nondepressed adolescents with a history of MDD. We examined differences in OGM to positive and negative cue words between adolescents (aged 11–18 years) with current MDD (n = 15), remitted MDD (n = 25), and no history of any depressive disorder (n = 25). Youth and their parents were administered a structured diagnostic interview and adolescents completed the autobiographical memory test. Compared to never depressed adolescents, adolescents with current or remitted MDD recalled less specific memories in response to positive and negative cue words. The difference between the two MDD groups was small and nonsignificant. These findings suggest that OGM is not simply a state‐like marker in currently depressed adolescents, but is also evident in adolescents with remitted MDD, indicating that it may represent a trait‐like vulnerability that increases risk for relapse.
Factors Associated with Timing of Return to Intercourse After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries
Authors: Leader-Cramer Alix , Kenton Kimberly , Davé Bhumy , Gossett Dana R. , Mueller Margaret , Lewicky-Gaupp Christina 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The impact of obstetric perineal trauma on timing of return to intercourse is unclear, although sexual desire is clearly decreased in these women. In addition, studies examining timing of return to intercourse are cross-sectional and therefore cannot delineate potential reasons that patients might delay return to intercourse.

Aim
To identify factors associated with delayed return to intercourse after obstetric anal sphincter injuries.

Methods
This was a planned secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of women sustaining obstetric anal sphincter injuries during delivery of a full-term singleton infant. Patients completed the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index at every postpartum visit (1, 2, 6, and 12 weeks) and the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire-12 once resuming vaginal intercourse. Intercourse was considered “delayed” if patients did not resume intercourse by the 12-week visit. This cutoff was chosen because it was subsequent to the 6-week visit, when patients were instructed to return to normal pelvic activity. Continuous variables were compared using the Student t-test (parametric) or Mann-Whitney U-test (non-parametric). The χ2 test was used for categorical variables. Statistical significance was assigned with a P value less than .05.

Main Outcome Measures
Primary outcome measurements were differences in pelvic floor symptoms on validated surveys between the “delayed” and “not-delayed” groups at the first postpartum visit and at the time the subjects returned to intercourse. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression, the Urinary Distress Inventory-6 and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 for urinary symptoms, the visual analog scale for pain, the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index for bowel symptoms, and the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire-12 at the return to intercourse visit only.

Results
One hundred ninety-nine women were included in this analysis. Most were Caucasian (77%) and primiparous (86%). One hundred nineteen women (60%) did not resume vaginal intercourse until after the 12-week visit and were deemed “delayed.” Patients who delayed intercourse scored higher on the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (more anal incontinence) than those who resumed intercourse before 12 weeks (15.4 ± 12.3 vs 12.0 ± 12.8, P = .02). The delayed group also had worse sexual function, shown as lower Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire-12 scores (35.4 ± 5.9 vs 38.4 ± 4.1, P ≤ .001) and persistently higher Fecal Incontinence Severity Index scores (4.1 ± 7.3 vs 1.6 ± 4.4, P = .001), at the first visit after returning to intercourse.

Conclusion
Patients with obstetric anal sphincter injuries who do not resume intercourse by 12 weeks postpartum report more severe anal incontinence symptoms and worse sexual function after return to coitus.
Paleozoic collisional and intraplate granitoids of the Baikal area: comparative geochemistry and petrogenesis
Authors: Sheptyakova N.V. , Antipin V.S. , Kushch L.V. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Early Paleozoic granitoids of autochthonous and allochthonous facies in the Baikal area (Ol’khon Island, Khamar-Daban Ridge) are in close spatial association with gneisses, migmatites, and plagiogranites and are usually confined to granite–gneiss domes. They are virtually not subjected to magmatic differentiation. Formation of granitoids of the Solzan massif and Sharanur complex lasted 26–28 Myr, which might be considered an indicator of collisional granitoid magmatism. Collisional granitoids of different provinces have a series of indicative features: They are peraluminous and highly potassic and are enriched in crustal elements (Rb, Pb, and Th) but sometimes have low contents of volatiles. In contrast to collisional magmatism, petrogenesis of intraplate granitoids does not depend on the composition and age of the enclosing rocks. The geochemical evolution of intraplate granitoid magmatism in the Baikal area is expressed as an increase in contents of F, Li, Rb, Cs, Sn, Be, Ta, Zr, and Pb and a decrease in contents of Ba, Sr, Zn, Th, and U during the differentiation of multiphase intrusions. The geochemical diversity of these granitoids formed both from crustal and from mantle sources and as a result of the mantle–crust interaction, might be due to the effect of plume on the geologic evolution of intraplate magmatism. The wide range of compositions and geochemical types of igneous rocks (from alkali and subalkalic to rare-metal granitoids) within the Late Paleozoic Baikal magmatism area suggests its high ore potential.