bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of light, substrate and seed origin on the germination and establishment of an ant‐garden bromeliad
Authors: Leroy C. , Petitclerc F. , Orivel J. , Corbara B. , Carrias J.‐F. , Dejean A. , Céréghino R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPlant germination and development depend upon a seed's successful dispersal into a suitable habitat and its ability to grow and survive within the surrounding biotic and abiotic environment. The seeds of Aechmea mertensii, a tank‐bromeliad species, are dispersed by either Camponotus femoratus or Neoponera goeldii, two ant species that initiate ant gardens (AGs). These two mutualistic ant species influence the vegetative and reproductive traits of the bromeliad through their divergent ecological preferences (i.e. light and substrate). We hypothesised that the seeds dispersed by these two ant species have underlying genetic differences affecting germination, growth and survival of A. mertensii seedlings in different ways. To test this, we used an experimental approach consisting of sowing seeds of A. mertensii: (i) taken from the two AG–ant associations (i.e. seed origin), (ii) in two contrasting light conditions, and (iii) on three different substrates. Light and substrate had significant effects on germination, survival and on eight key leaf traits reflecting plant performance. Seed origin had a significant effect only on germination and on two leaf traits (total dry mass and relative growth rate). Overall, this bromeliad performs better (i.e. high growth and survival rates) when growing both in the shade and in the carton nest developed by C. femoratus ants. These results suggest that the plasticity of the tank bromeliad A. mertensii is mainly due to environment but also to genetic differences related to seed origin, as some traits are heritable. Thus, these two ant species may play contrasting roles in shaping plant evolution and speciation.
Lemna minor tolerance to metal‐working fluid residues: implications for rhizoremediation
Authors: Grijalbo L. , Becerril J. M. , Barrutia O. , Gutierrez‐Mañero J. , Lucas Garcia J. A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractFor the first time in the literature, duckweed (Lemna minor) tolerance (alone or in combination with a consortium of bacteria) to spent metal‐working fluid (MWF) was assessed, together with its capacity to reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of this residue. In a preliminary study, L. minor response to pre‐treated MWF residue (ptMWF) and vacuum‐distilled MWF water (MWFw) was tested. Plants were able to grow in both residues at different COD levels tested (up to 2300 mg·l−1), showing few toxicity symptoms (mainly growth inhibition). Plant response to MWFw was more regular and dose responsive than when exposed to ptMWF. Moreover, COD reduction was less significant in ptMWF. Thus, based on these preliminary results, a second study was conducted using MWFw to test the effectiveness of inoculation with a bacterial consortium isolated from a membrane bioreactor fed with the same residue. After 5 days of exposure, COD in solutions containing inoculated plants was significantly lower than in non‐inoculated ones. Moreover, inoculation reduced β+γ‐tocopherol levels in MWFw‐exposed plants, suggesting pollutant imposed stress was reduced. We therefore conclude from that L. minor is highly tolerant to spent MWF residues and that this species can be very useful, together with the appropriate bacterial consortium, in reducing COD of this residue under local legislation limits and thus minimise its potential environmental impact. Interestingly, the lipophilic antioxidant tocopherol (especially the sum of β+γ isomers) proved to be an effective plant biomarker of pollution.
Salt effects on functional traits in model and in economically important Lotus species
Authors: Uchiya P. , Escaray F. J. , Bilenca D. , Pieckenstain F. , Ruiz O. A. , Menéndez A. B. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA common stress on plants is NaCl‐derived soil salinity. Genus Lotus comprises model and economically important species, which have been studied regarding physiological responses to salinity. Leaf area ratio (LAR), root length ratio (RLR) and their components, specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf mass fraction (LMF) and specific root length (SRL) and root mass fraction (RMF) might be affected by high soil salinity. We characterised L. tenuis, L. corniculatus, L. filicaulis, L. creticus, L. burtii and L. japonicus grown under different salt concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 150 mm NaCl) on the basis of SLA, LMF, SRL and RMF using PCA. We also assessed effects of different salt concentrations on LAR and RLR in each species, and explored whether changes in these traits provide fitness benefit. Salinity (150 mm NaCl) increased LAR in L. burtii and L. corniculatus, but not in the remaining species. The highest salt concentration caused a decrease of RLR in L. japonicus Gifu, but not in the remaining species. Changes in LAR and RLR would not be adaptive, according to adaptiveness analysis, with the exception of SLA changes in L. corniculatus. PCA revealed that under favourable conditions plants optimise surfaces for light and nutrient acquisition (SLA and SRL), whereas at higher salt concentrations they favour carbon allocation to leaves and roots (LMF and RMF) in detriment to their surfaces. PCA also showed that L. creticus subjected to saline treatment was distinguished from the remaining Lotus species. We suggest that augmented carbon partitioning to leaves and roots could constitute a salt‐alleviating mechanism through toxic ion dilution.
Methods for a Retrospective Population‐based and Clinic‐based Subfertility Cohort Study: the Fertility Experiences Study
Authors: Stanford Joseph B. , Sanders Jessica N. , Simonsen Sara E. , Hammoud Ahmad , Gibson Mark , Smith Ken R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundMost cohort‐based research for subfertility has been conducted in clinic‐based cohorts, which may differ from population‐based cohorts.MethodsWe retrospectively recruited parallel cohorts of subfertile women: one by sampling two specialty fertility clinics in Utah, and one by population‐based sampling based on marriage and birth records. The index date (of first clinic visit or subfertility status) was between 2000 and 2009, and we linked the women recruited to subsequent birth certificate records through December 2010.ResultsWe enrolled 459 women through clinic‐based sampling and 501 women through population‐based sampling. Clinic‐based women were older, had higher annual household income and more likely to have had a most intensive treatment of intrauterine insemination (31%) or in vitro fertilisation (46%) than women from population recruitment (19% and 14% respectively). Conversely, they were less likely to have received no medical treatment (9%) compared to women from population recruitment (41%). For both types of sampling, prior to eligibility screening, non‐responders were less likely to link to a live birth than responders: 51% vs. 58% for clinic‐based, and 69% vs. 76% for the population‐based with an index date in 2004.ConclusionsPopulation‐based sampling for subfertility cohort research identifies women who were more likely to have had less intensive treatment or no treatment. However, in both clinic‐based and population‐based sampling, women who have had a live birth are more likely to respond to retrospective recruitment.
Prenatal Programming of Infant Neurobehaviour in a Healthy Population
Authors: Appleton Allison A. , Murphy Megan A. , Koestler Devin C. , Lesseur Corina , Paquette Alison G. , Padbury James F. , Lester Barry M. , Marsit Carmen J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying the prenatal origins of mental conditions is of increasing interest, yet most studies have focused on high‐risk populations and cannot disentangle prenatal and postnatal programming effects. Thus, we examined whether profiles of neurobehaviour indicative of future risk could be identified in healthy 1–3‐day‐old infants, and examined associations with perinatal risk factors.MethodsParticipants included 627 healthy mothers and term infants from a population‐based US cohort. Neurobehaviour was assessed within 24–72 h after delivery with the NICU Network Neurobehavioural Scales (NNNS). A model‐based clustering algorithm was used to derive neurobehavioural profiles from NNNS scores. Maternal health histories, pregnancy conditions and behaviours, labour/delivery factors, and infant attributes were examined in relation to the neurobehavioural profiles.ResultsSeven discrete neurobehavioural profiles were identified, including one average functioning profile, and two inversely patterned below and above average profiles. Higher pregnancy weight gain (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.10, 1.88) and birthweight percentiles (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.10, 1.95) were associated with greater odds of below average newborn neurobehaviour. Above average neurobehaviour was associated with experiencing longer gestations (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.02, 1.64) and higher 5‐min APGAR scores (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.07, 5.52). Maternal pregnancy alcohol use (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33, 0.89), and fetal distress (OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.01, 0.72) were associated with lower likelihood of having average neurobehaviour.ConclusionDistinct profiles of neurobehaviour can be derived in a healthy population of newborns, with different sets of perinatal factors predicting different patterns of neurobehaviour. These findings suggest a potential in utero origin for mental health risk.
Investigation on the Distribution of Gold Across the Ahar Area (NW Iran) Using Stream‐Sediment and BLEG Methods
Authors: Simmonds Vartan , Jahangiryar Fatemeh , Moazzen Mohssen , Ravaghi Ahmad 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Ahar area is located in NW Iran. The main part of the area is covered by Eocene andesitic and andesi‐basaltic rocks within which several granitoid intrusives of Oligocene age are emplaced. This caused vast hydrothermal alterations and Cu and Au mineralization. In this regard, this contribution aims to explore the distribution of gold across the region based on systematic sampling of stream sediments and using the secondary geochemical halos, as well as the bulk leach extractable gold (BLEG) method. Meanwhile, the results obtained from these two methods will be compared in order to find out if the anomalous zones match with each other. For this, 620 stream sediment samples of −80 mesh grain size and 422 BLEG samples were collected and analyzed by Fire Assay and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) methods, respectively. For BLEG samples, gold was first dissolved using KCN before being analyzed by the AAS method. Furthermore, 84 rock samples were also collected during the field control surveys and were analyzed by Fire Assay and ICP‐OES methods for gold and other elements, respectively. After determining the distribution characteristics and statistical parameters of gold in each group of samples, anomaly maps of gold for each method were prepared, revealing almost similar anomalous zones across the region. Based on these maps, most of the discovered anomalies correlate well with granitoid intrusives of Oligocene age and the related hydrothermal alterations, which have occurred within the intrusives and the host andesitic‐basaltic rocks of Eocene age, especially at the NE and central parts of the area and east of Ahar. Some silicic veins and veinlets have been observed during field surveys in these parts, within which high concentrations of Au and sometimes Cu are determined. Another anomalous zone is located over the hydrothermal alterations within trachy‐andesitic and andesitic volcanics of Pliocene age at the SE part of the quadrangle, where vast alterations caused by volcanic fumaroles and epithermal mineralization of gold and Pb–Zn is discovered. In this regard, the SE and NE parts of the area and the east Ahar area are proposed, in order of importance, for further detailed investigations.
Sedimentology of coexisting travertine and tufa deposits in a mounded geothermal spring carbonate system, Obruktepe, Turkey
Authors: Lopez Benjamin , Camoin Gilbert , Özkul Mehmet , Swennen Rudy , Virgone Aurélien 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe recent discoveries of deeply buried Cretaceous reservoir bodies in the Atlantic Ocean revealed that relationships between the distribution of spring carbonate deposits and faults are poorly understood. The well‐exposed Quaternary deposits at Obruktepe (Denizli Basin, Turkey) provide an opportunity to reconstruct the three‐dimensional sedimentary architecture of such a system. Integration of sedimentological, lithofacies and geochemical analyses reveals complexity in the lateral relationships between sedimentary environments, faults and geothermal spring carbonates. Five environmental systems are distinguished based on the lithofacies analysis: (i) vent; (ii) smooth slope; (iii) travertine‐terrace; (iv) tufa‐barrage; and (v) flood systems. Encrusting, baffling and settling sedimentary processes are reflected in data acquired at several scales, from lithofacies observations to the morphology and arrangement of geobodies, together with microfabrics and stable carbon and oxygen isotope data. Mean values of +4·9‰ δ13C and −8·74‰ δ18O Vienna PeeDee Belemnite reflect geothermal circulation of springwaters. The environmental distribution and lithofacies indicate a lateral continuum between travertine and tufa deposits within this hot spring system. This finding supports two depositional models in which water flow variation is the main control on both CaCO3 precipitation and the resulting formation of travertine and tufa. The proposed models address the factors responsible for the development of these complex mound‐shaped carbonate spring deposits, and how they are related to fluid circulation at depth and in association with faults.
Using a WebMapping Platform to Engage Volunteers to Collect Data on Invasive Plants Distribution
Authors: Marchante Hélia , Morais Maria Cristina , Gamela Alexandre , Marchante Elizabete 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWebMapping and citizen science are increasing their importance as tools both in science communication and in gathering abundant data. Nevertheless, gathering good and plentiful data from citizens when the scientific theme is unknown to them is a demanding challenge. Invasoras.pt is a science communication endeavor that targets the general public and one of its core elements is a WebMapping platform that intends to engage volunteers to geolocate invasive plants in Portugal. Besides gathering data for scientific research and to support management, the platform raises awareness about invasive plants. The platform has been available since March 2013 and receives data from a smartphone application and a Web application. Validated sightings are shown on an online map. All data is available through a Google Fusion Table and GBIF database (open data logic). Several strategies (interactive contents, printed materials, workshops and social media) were used to overcome the challenges of engaging contributors and making them better skilled to contribute with good data. After two years of steady growth in members (ca. 600) and sightings (>5400) the results are better than expected particularly amongst a population not familiarized with either citizen science or invasive plants. The outcomes of the platform and the efficacy of each strategy are analyzed and the accuracy and usefulness of the data are discussed.
Sensitivity of blood and tissue diagnostics for gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Fisher C.E. , Alexander J. , Bhattacharya R. , Rakita R.M. , Kirby K.A. , Boeckh M. , Limaye A.P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundGastrointestinal (GI) cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is the most common manifestation of tissue‐invasive CMV infection in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, but the diagnostic yields of blood and tissue testing have not been systematically assessed in a large patient cohort.MethodsWe retrospectively identified consecutive SOT recipients with biopsy‐confirmed GI CMV disease who had both tissue and blood (CMV polymerase chain reaction or antigenemia) diagnostic testing performed within 14 days of diagnosis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to assess the association between patient factors and viremia and the diagnostic yield of tests performed on biopsy specimens.ResultsA total of 101 patients (73% donor seropositive/recipient seronegative [D+/R−], 22% recipient seropositive [R+]) had GI CMV disease (58% upper, 22% lower, and 20% both) at a median of 185 days (range, 21–6345 days) post transplant. In multivariate analysis, R+ CMV serostatus (odds ratio [OR] 0.1 [0.0–0.4], P < 0.001) and diagnosis >6 months post transplant (OR 0.3 [0.1–0.9], P = 0.03) were each independently associated with absence of CMV viremia at time of diagnosis. In the subset of patients (n = 29) in whom both histopathology and viral culture were performed on biopsy specimens, 11 (39%) had CMV detected only by culture and had similar clinical characteristics and outcomes to those with positive histopathology (P > 0.05 for all comparisons).ConclusionsThe sensitivity of viremia in SOT recipients with GI CMV disease is significantly lower in CMV‐seropositive patients and in those >6 months post transplant. Addition of viral culture to endoscopic biopsy specimens significantly increases the diagnostic yield for GI CMV disease.
Further studies to evaluate methods of leucoreduction to prevent alloimmune platelet refractoriness and induce tolerance in a dog platelet transfusion model
Authors: Slichter S. J. , Abrams K. , Bailey S. Lawrence , Pellham E. , Gettinger I. , Christoffel T. , Gaur L. , Latchman Y. , Nelson K. , Bolgiano D. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesThree leucoreduction filters were evaluated – when used alone or combined with centrifuge leucoreduction (C‐LR) – to prevent alloimmune platelet refractoriness in a dog platelet transfusion model.Materials and MethodsDonor platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) or buffy coat (BC) platelets were either filter leucoreduced (F‐LR) or F‐LR/C‐LR,51Cr radiolabelled and transfused. Weekly transfusions were given for up to 8 weeks or until platelet refractoriness. Recipients who accepted treated transfusions were then given non‐leucoreduced (non‐LR) platelets to determine whether donor‐specific tolerance had been induced.ResultsAcceptance of F‐LR PRPtransfusions ranged from 29% to 66%. F‐LR/C‐LRtransfusions prepared fromPRPwere accepted by 92%, fromBCby 63% and from pooledPRPby 75% of recipients (p=NS); overall acceptance rate of F‐LR/C‐LRtransfusions was 83%. Tolerance to subsequent non‐LRtransfusions occurred in 45% of the F‐LR‐/C‐LR‐accepting recipients unrelated toDR‐B compatibility between donors and recipients (P= 0·18).ConclusionIn a dog platelet transfusion model, acceptance of donor platelets required combining F‐LRwith C‐LRas apparently each process removes different immunizingWBCs.
Pancarpal Arthrodesis Without Rigid Coaptation Using the Hybrid Dynamic Compression Plate in Dogs
Authors: Ramirez Juan M. , Macias Carlos 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveTo describe the complications, short‐ and long‐term outcomes, and owner satisfaction for dogs treated with pancarpal arthrodesis (PCA) using the 2.7/3.5 mm locking and dynamic compression plate (DCP) hybrid pancarpal arthrodesis plate (hybrid DCP [HDCP]) without rigid coaptation in the postoperative period.Study DesignRetrospective case series.AnimalsDogs with carpal injuries requiring PCA (n=15).MethodsRecords (May 2007–October 2013) of dogs that had PCA using 3.5/2.7 mm HDCP (1 or 2 plates) and a Robert‐Jones bandage were reviewed to determine intra‐ and post‐operative complications and overall limb function. Follow‐up was obtained by clinical evaluation at our institution and telephone interview of owners.ResultsFourteen dogs had PCA stabilized with a single HDCP and 1 giant breed dog had PCA stabilized with 2 HDCP on the dorsal aspect of the carpus secured onto the 3rd and 4th metacarpal bones. Two dogs presented with bilateral injuries. Thirteen owners (87%) judged the results of surgery as excellent and 2 (13%) judged the results of surgery as good. Minor complications (4 limbs; 23%) were occasional episodes of mild lameness in 3 dogs and 3 episodes of discharging sinus tracts in a single dog. Major complications (3 limbs; 17%) included 1 surgical site infection and implant failure in a 43 kg dog with an active leishmaniasis infection and a concurrent bilateral sacro‐iliac luxation. Two dogs developed episodes of discharging sinus tract and pain over the most distal screw that eventually necessitated plate removal.ConclusionPCA without rigid coaptation can successfully be performed using the HDCP.
Commentary: One Small Step for the Gram Stain, One Giant Leap for Clinical Microbiology
Authors: Thomson Richard B. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

The Gram stain is one of the most commonly performed tests in the clinical microbiology laboratory, yet it is poorly controlled and lacks standardization. It was once the best rapid test in microbiology, but it is no longer trusted by many clinicians. The publication by Samuel et al. (J. Clin. Microbiol. 54:1442–1447, 2016,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.03066-15
) is a start for those who want to evaluate and improve Gram stain performance. In an age of emerging rapid molecular results, is the Gram stain still relevant? How should clinical microbiologists respond to the call to reduce Gram stain error rates?
Multiplexed Anti-Toxoplasma IgG, IgM, and IgA Assay on Plasmonic Gold Chips: towards Making Mass Screening Possible with Dye Test Precision
Authors: Li Xiaoyang , Pomares Christelle , Gonfrier Géraldine , Koh Byumseok , Zhu Shoujun , Gong Ming , Montoya Jose G. , Dai Hongjie 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by the protozoan parasite
Toxoplasma gondii
that can lead to severe sequelae in the fetus during pregnancy. Definitive serologic diagnosis of the infection during gestation is made mostly by detecting
T. gondii
-specific antibodies, including IgG and IgM, individually in a single serum sample by using commercially available kits. The IgA test is used by some laboratories as an additional marker of acute infection. Most of the commercial tests have failed to reach 100% correlation with the reference method, the Sabin-Feldman dye test for the detection of
Toxoplasma
IgG antibodies. For
Toxoplasma
IgM and IgA antibodies, there is no reference method and their evaluation is done by comparing the results of one assay to those of another. There is a need for multiplexed assay platforms, as the serological diagnosis of
T. gondii
infection does not rely on the detection of a single Ig subtype. Here we describe the development of a plasmonic gold chip with vast fluorescence enhancement in the near-infrared region for simultaneous detection of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies against
T. gondii
in an ∼1-μl serum or whole-blood sample. When 168 samples were tested on this platform, IgG antibody detection sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were all 100%. IgM antibody detection achieved 97.6% sensitivity and 96.9% specificity with a 90.9% PPV and a 99.2% NPV. Thus, the nanoscience-based plasmonic gold platform enables a high-performance, low-cost, multiplexed assay requiring ultrasmall blood volumes, paving the way for the implementation of universal screening for toxoplasmosis infection during gestation.