bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population Survey of Iodine Deficiency and Environmental Disruptors of Thyroid Function in Young Children in Haiti
Authors: von Oettingen Julia E. , Brathwaite Tesha D. , Carpenter Christopher , Bonnell Ric , He Xuemei , Braverman Lewis E. , Pearce Elizabeth N. , Larco Philippe , Larco Nancy Charles , Jean-Baptiste Eddy , Brown Rosalind S. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Context:
Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable neurodevelopmental delay in children worldwide and a possible public health concern in Haiti.

Objective:
To determine the prevalence of iodine deficiency in Haitian young children and its influence by environmental factors.

Design:
Cross-sectional study, March through June 2015.

Setting:
Community churches in 3 geographical regions in Haiti.

Participants:
299 healthy Haitian children aged 9 months to 6 years; one-third each enrolled in a coastal, mountainous, and urban region.

Main Outcome Measures:
Urinary iodide, serum thyrotropin (TSH), goiter assessment, and urinary perchlorate and thiocyanate.

Results:
Mean age was 3.3±1.6 years, with 51% female, median family income USD 30/week, and 16% malnutrition. Median urinary iodide levels were normal in coastal (145 μg/L, interquartile range [IQR] 97 to 241) and urban regions (187 μg/L, IQR 92 to 316), but revealed mild iodine deficiency in a mountainous region (89 μg/L, IQR 56 to 129), P &lt; 0.0001. Grade 1 goiters were palpated in 2 children, but TSH values were normal. Urinary thiocyanate and perchlorate concentrations were not elevated. Predictors of higher urinary iodide included higher urinary thiocyanate and perchlorate, breastfeeding, and not living in a mountainous region.

Conclusions:
Areas of mild iodine deficiency persist in Haiti’s mountainous regions. Exposure to two well-understood environmental thyroid function disruptors is limited.
Evaluation of the Postoperative Quality of Recovery Scale test and re-test in Swedish among healthy volunteers
Authors: Jildenstål Pether , Eriksson Johan , Warren Stomberg Margareta , Jakobsson Jan G. 
Published: October 2016

Introduction Patient outcome measures are required to assess the quality of healthcare. Tools for a patients’ self-assessment of quality of recovery, during perioperative care, have been developed during the last decade. The Postoperative Quality of Recovery Scale (PostopQRS) questionnaire is one of the most well-accepted and validated tools available. Here we assess the PostopORS questionnaire in Swedish. Methods Sixty-one students from the Bachelor Program in Nursing, (50 female and 11 male; mean age, 25; range, 21-46) filled in the Swedish translation of the PostopQRS questionnaire twice. They also evaluated whether they found the queries easy to understand and respond to. Results The participants found the Swedish translation of the PostopQRS questionnaire easy to read and understand. There were minor differences in test responses between the initial test and the re-test 48 hours later. We found that the PostopQRS questionnaire has some background noise; 12 out of 61 participants (20%) reported mild pain, 25 (41%) scored some depression and 33 scored mild anxiety (54%). The cognitive domain showed a learning effect between tests in “word recall” and “word generation”, while “digit recall forward” and “digit recall backward” showed no change. We found a difference in cognitive test performance with age; younger participants had higher mean cognitive test scores compared to participants >30 years. Overall, nine participants showed a decrease in re-test scores; two experienced a mild increase in pain; one experienced a mild increase in anxiety; and six performed more poorly on cognitive tests. Conclusion The Swedish translation of the PostopQRS was found to be adequate for use in the assessment of quality of recovery, and the questions were well understood by participants. Our study shows the importance of baseline testing for assessment of recovery, since recovery is assessed as a return to or improvement in each individual’s baseline score.
New Algorithms for Maximum Weight Matching and a Decomposition Theorem
Authors: Huang Chien-Chung , Kavitha Telikepalli 
Published: October 2016

We revisit the classical maximum weight matching problem in general graphs with nonnegative integral edge weights. We present an algorithm that operates by decomposing the problem into W unweighted versions of the problem, where W is the largest edge weight. Our algorithm has running time as good as the current fastest algorithms for the maximum weight matching problem when W is small. One of the highlights of our algorithm is that it also produces an integral optimal dual solution; thus our algorithm also returns an integral certificate corresponding to the maximum weight matching that was computed. Our algorithm yields a new proof to the total dual integrality of Edmonds’ matching polytope and it also gives rise to a decomposition theorem for the maximum weight of a matching in terms of the maximum size of a matching in certain subgraphs. We also consider the maximum weight capacitated b-matching problem in bipartite graphs with nonnegative integral edge weights and show that it can also be decomposed into W unweighted versions of the problem, where W is the largest edge weight. Our second algorithm is competitive with known algorithms when W is small.
What food knowledge ensures school leavers are capable of healthy food practice?
Authors: Parrish Anne-Maree , Worsley Anthony , Yeatman Heather , Sadegholvad Sanaz 
Published: October 2016

Background Food consumers in the western world face many complex issues that can impinge on their current and future health. The aim of this research was to identify areas of agreement regarding the basic food knowledge required by young adults for healthy living. Method Interviews were conducted using open-ended questioning to gain a cross-section of health professionals' perspectives regarding the basic food knowledge required by young adults for healthy living. Results Key areas of agreement generated from the interviews included a need for school leavers to understand: nutritional aspects of food, food preparation and cooking skills, food safety, how to read labels, understanding of production, processing and food distribution, how to shop for food on a budget, understanding seasonal variations in food, understanding food marketing, moral and ethical issues associated with food. Conclusions This study produced a rich understanding about what food-related professionals considered necessary components of food knowledge for school leavers.
Examining teachers’ opinions regarding the organizational forgiveness in reference to several variables<p>Öğretmenlerin örgütsel affediciliğe ilişkin görüşlerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi
Authors: Nayır K. Funda , Karaman Kepenekçi Yasemin 
Published: October 2016

The aim of this study is to reveal the teacher views on forgiveness behavior in their interpersonal relationships with other teachers at school and analyze their views in reference to several variables (gender, subject field, seniority, school type, length of service at school and number of students at school). In the study, “Convergent parallel design”, a mixed research method was used. The participants in the quantitative part of the study were comprised of 252 teachers working at public schools in Ankara central district during the 2014-2015 Academic Year. The participants in the qualitative part of the study were comprised of eight teachers that are working in different schools and volunteered to participate in the study. Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA were used to analyze the quantitative data. Descriptive analysis method was used for the qualitative part of the study. As a conclusion, while teachers see being forgiving as a virtue and a necessary behavior to both ensure efficiency within the organization and prevent a negative school environment, they believe that forgiveness depends on some certain conditions. However, the teacher views vary based on school type and subject field only in the dimension of justification of forgiveness and do not vary significantly based on any variable in other dimensions. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı öğretmenlerin çalıştıkları okulda diğer öğretmenlerle (kişilerarası) ilişkilerinde affedicilik davranışına ilişkin görüşlerini ortaya koymak ve bu görüşlerini çeşitli değişkenlere (cinsiyet, branş, kıdem, okul türü, okulda çalışma süresi ve okuldaki öğrenci sayısı) göre değerlendirmektir. Araştırmada karma yöntem araştırmalarından “yakınsayan paralel desen” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel kısmının katılımcılarını 2014-2015 Eğitim-Öğretim yılında Ankara il merkezindeki kamu okullarında görevli 252 öğretmen, nitel kısmının katılımcılarını farklı okullarda görev yapan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü sekiz öğretmen oluşturmuştur. Nicel verilerin analizinde aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma ve t-testi ve ANOVA nitel verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak öğretmenler affedici olmayı hem bir erdem hem de örgüt içinde verimliliği sağlamak ve olumsuz okul ortamını engellemek için gerekli bir davranış olarak görürken; affetmenin bir takım şartlara bağlı olarak gerçekleşebileceğini düşünmektedirler. Bununla birlikte, öğretmenlerin görüşleri sadece affediciliği gerekçelendirme boyutunda okul türü ve öğretmenin branşına göre anlamlı farklılık göstermekte; diğer boyutlarda hiçbir değişkene göre anlamlı farklılık göstermemektedir.
Cultural and religious perspective of loss and bereavement in Anatolia
Authors: Tanhan Fuat , Kasap Süleyman , Ünsal Fırat 
Published: October 2016

Coping with death is a grueling job to be done however it is not impossible. All cultures have developed ways to cope with death. Interfering with these practices may interfere with the necessary grieving processes. Understanding different cultures' and religions response to death can help counselors recognize the grieving process in patients of other cultures. It is also important to realize that, while each individual grief process is unique, there is a form of grief that is disabling, interfering with function and quality of life. A great majority of the people in Anatolia have remained under the influence of tradition as well as religion. In the foundation of main behavior models which forms our traditional life, ensuring them to possess specialty and formation however there lays numerous customs, beliefs and ethic operations. So that such kind of variations affects the death and the bereavement customs. As in the case of the three important event of the life, a great number of beliefs, customs, tradition, ceremonies, and behaviors have been also grouped around death. Such beliefs, customs, transactions, ceremonies and pattern behaviors which accumulated around the death and surrounded individuals with the death are collected under three groups. Sets of traditions formed as pre-death, during death and after death. So this study was carried out so as to determine the approach of Anatolian traditions to the death and bereavement. This qualitative research was conducted by means of semi-structured interviews in which three questions prepared by the researchers and were asked to four volunteer male participants whose mean age was seventy-five years old. The study concludes that the traditions of Anatolia give importance to sharing and supporting the family of deceased, which overlaps the literature of bereavement process psychology.
Memento and the Embodied Fabula: Narrative Comprehension Revisited
Authors: Hven Steffen 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Although Christopher Nolan’s Memento (2000) has been the subject of numerous critical examinations, the unique manner in which the film’s reverse-chronological dramaturgy interweaves the spectators’ cognitive-analytical attempts to ensure causal-linear coherency together with a corporal-affective sensation of temporal loss remains underexplored. This I believe is due to the inability of prevalent narratological terms of cutting across the current divide and uniting on the same conceptual plane the cinematic spheres of the cognitive-analytical, evaluative, and interpretative, on the one hand, with the visceral, haptic, and sensory-affective, on the other hand. As an attempt to carve out a conceptual ground where these key facets of the cinematic experience can be unified in a nonhierarchical and nonreductive manner, I propose an embodied reconceptualization of the cognitive-formalist concept of the fabula. In order to do so, however, it is necessary to dispute a series of dominant assumptions about cinematic spectatorship and narrative comprehension that automatically come with this narratological concept.
Maximal Power of the Lower Limbs of Youth Gymnasts and Biomechanical Indicators of the Forward Handspring Vault Versus the Sports Result
Authors: Kochanowicz Andrzej , Kochanowicz Kazimierz , Niespodziúski Bartłomiej , Mieszkowski Jan , Aschenbrenner Piotr , Bielec Grzegorz , Szark-Eckardt Mirosława 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The aim of the study was to define the relationship between maximal power of lower limbs, the biomechanics of the forward handspring vault and the score received during a gymnastics competition. The research involved 42 gymnasts aged 9-11 years competing in the Poland’s Junior Championships. The study consisted of three stages: first -estimating the level of indicators of maximal power of lower limbs tested on a force plate during the countermovement jump; second - estimating the level of biomechanical indicators of the front handspring vault. For both mentioned groups of indicators and the score received by gymnasts during the vault, linear correlation analyses were made. The last stage consisted of conducting multiple regression analysis in order to predict the performance level of the front handspring vault. Results showed a positive correlation (0.401, p < 0.05) of lower limbs’ maximal power (1400 ± 502 W) with the judges’ score for the front handstand vault (13.38 ± 1.02 points). However, the highest significant (p < 0.001) correlation with the judges’ score was revealed in the angle of the hip joint in the second phase of the flight (196.00 ± 16.64°) and the contact time of hands with the vault surface (0.264 ± 0.118 s), where correlation coefficients were: -0.671 and -0.634, respectively. In conclusion, the angles of the hip joint in the second phase of the flight and when the hands touched the vault surface proved to be the most important indicators for the received score.
The Importance of Postural Control in Relation to Technical Abilities in Small-Sided Soccer Games
Authors: Edis Çağlar , Vural Faik , Vurgun Hikmet 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMaking assessments regarding postural control and balance is very important for injury prevention in soccer. However, there has been no study that has associated postural control variables with branch-specific technical properties in a game. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationships between variables designating postural control levels and technical performance variables in different (1:1, 2:2 and 3:3) small-sided games (SSGs). Sixteen trained male amateur soccer players volunteered to take part in the study (age 17.2 ± 1.02 years, body height 176.25 ± 0.07 m, body mass 67.67 ± 13.27 kg). Following familiarization sessions, postural control was evaluated using one-leg and both-leg quiet-stance positions by measuring postural sway with a Tekscan HR Mat™ in anterior–posterior and medial–lateral directions. Later, 1:1, 2:2 and 3:3 SSGs were performed at two-day intervals and the technical variables specified for each game were analyzed. A Spearman’s rank-order correlation analysis demonstrated the relationship between postural control and soccer-specific technical variables in 1:1 (r-values ranging from 0.582 to 0.776), 2:2 (rvalues ranging from 0.511 to 0.740) and 3:3 (r-values ranging from 0.502 to 0.834) SSGs. In addition, a Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed differences between SSGs in terms of several variables. The results of the study showed that higher postural control levels are among the important variables that affect success in the performance of technical skills under rival pressure and suddenly changing conditions. Therefore, it is recommended that in addition to its use for injury prevention purposes, balance training should be conducted to improve branch-specific technical skills and to increase the levels of their successful performance in a game.
The Integration of Internal and External Training Load Metrics in Hurling
Authors: Malone Shane , Doran Dominic , Akubat Ibrahim , Collins Kieran 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe current study aimed to assess the relationship between the hurling player’s fitness profile and integrated training load (TL) metrics. Twenty-five hurling players performed treadmill testing for VO2max, the speed at blood lactate concentrations of 2 mmol•L-1 (vLT) and 4 mmol•L-1 (vOBLA) and the heart rate-blood lactate profile for calculation of individual training impulse (iTRIMP). The total distance (TD; m), high speed distance (HSD; m) and sprint distance (SD; m) covered were measured using GPS technology (4-Hz, VX Sport, Lower Hutt, New Zealand) which allowed for the measurement of the external TL. The external TL was divided by the internal TL to form integration ratios. Pearson correlation analyses allowed for the assessment of the relationships between fitness measures and the ratios to performance during simulated match play. External measures of the TL alone showed limited correlations with fitness measures. Integrated TL ratios showed significant relationships with fitness measures in players. TD:iTRIMP was correlated with aerobic fitness measures VO2max(r = 0.524; p = 0.006; 95% CI: 0.224 to 0.754; large) and vOBLA (r = 0.559; p = 0.003; 95% CI: 0.254 to 0.854; large). HSD:iTRIMP also correlated with aerobic markers for fitness vLT (r = 0.502; p = 0.009; 95% CI: 0.204 to 0.801; large); vOBLA (r = 0.407; p = 0.039; 95% CI: 0.024 to 0.644; moderate). Interestingly SD:iTRIMP also showed significant correlations with vLT (r = 0.611; p = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.324 to 0.754; large). The current study showed that TL ratios can provide practitioners with a measure of fitness as external performance alone showed limited relationships with aerobic fitness measures.
Analysis of Tests Evaluating Sport Climbers’ Strength and Isometric Endurance
Authors: Ozimek Mariusz , Staszkiewicz Robert , Rokowski Robert , Stanula Arkadiusz 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The present study was designed to determine which types of specific tests provide an effective evaluation of strength and endurance in highly trained competitive sport climbers. The research process consisted of three basic components: the measurement of selected somatic characteristics of the climbers, the assessment of their physical conditioning, and a search for correlations between the anthropometric and “conditioning” variables on the one hand, and climber’s performance on the other. The sample of subjects consisted of 14 experienced volunteer climbers capable of handling 7a- 8a+/b on-sight rock climbing grades. The strongest correlations (Spearman’s rank) were found between climber’s competence and the relative results of the finger strength test (r = 0.7); much lower, but still statistically significant coefficients were found between the level of competence and the results of the muscle endurance tests (r = 0.53 – 0.57). Climbers aspiring to attain an elite level must have strong finger and forearm muscles, but most of all, they must be capable of releasing their potential during specific motor capability tests engaging these parts of the body. The forearm muscles of elite climbers must also be very resistant to fatigue. Since highly trained athletes vary only slightly in body mass, this variable does not have a major effect on their performance during strength and endurance tests.
Factors that promote and impede other-sex friendships: a qualitative study of Iranian adolescent girls
Authors: Bahrami Nasim , Sibmar Masoumeh , Bukowski William M. , Vedadhir AbouAli , Panarello Bianca 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of this study was to identify factors that promote and impede other-sex (OS) friendships in adolescent girls.

Methods:
A qualitative study conducted with 20 adolescent girls recruited in public places in Tehran, Iran. Information was collected through semi-structured interviews and coded via the conventional qualitative content analysis approach.

Results:
Four factors were identified that appeared to promote entry into OS friendships. These factors include (a) a poor understanding of perceived risks, (b) weak religious beliefs, (c) processes of identity formation, and (d) low self-esteem. In addition, six factors appeared to impede entry into these friendships: (a) self-confidence, (b) prioritizing education, (c) maintaining particular entertainment preferences, (d) awareness of prior unpleasant experiences with boys, (e) having strong religious convictions, and (f) shaming from significant others.

Conclusion:
These findings provide unique insights into the factors that stem from different levels of social complexity, which affect participation in a fundamental form of human experience.
Maternal complications in settings where two-thirds of extremely preterm births are delivered by cesarean section
Authors: Hesselman Susanne , Jonsson Maria , Råssjö Eva-Britta , Windling Monika , Högberg Ulf 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Objective:
To investigate the maternal complications associated with cesarean section (CS) in the extremely preterm period according to the gestational week (GW) and to indication of delivery.

Study design:
This is a retrospective case-referent study with a review of medical records of women who delivered at 22–27 weeks of gestation (n=647) at two level III units in Sweden. For abdominal delivery, gestational length was stratified into 22–24 (n=105) and 25–27 (n=301) weeks. For comparison, data on women who underwent a CS at term were identified in a register-based database.

Results:
The rate of CS in extremely preterm births was 62.8%. There was no difference in the complication rates, but types of incisions other than the low transverse incision were required more often at 22–24 (18.1%) weeks than at 25–27 GWs (9.6%) (P=0.02). Major maternal complications occurred in 6.6% compared with 2.1% in the extremely preterm and term CS, respectively (P<0.01). A maternal indication of extremely preterm CS increased the risk of complications.

Conclusions:
Almost two-thirds of the births at 22–27 GWs had an abdominal delivery. No increase in short-term morbidity was observed at 22–24 weeks compared to 25–27 weeks. CS performed extremely preterm had more major complications recorded than cesarean at term. The complications are driven by the underlying maternal condition.
A convergence analysis of SOR iterative methods for linear systems with weak H-matrices
Authors: Zhang Cheng-yi , Xue Zichen , Luo Shuanghua 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
It is well known that SOR iterative methods are convergent for linear systems, whose coefficient matrices are strictly or irreducibly diagonally dominant matrices and strong H-matrices (whose comparison matrices are nonsingular M-matrices). However, the same can not be true in case of those iterative methods for linear systems with weak H-matrices (whose comparison matrices are singular M-matrices). This paper proposes some necessary and sufficient conditions such that SOR iterative methods are convergent for linear systems with weak H-matrices. Furthermore, some numerical examples are given to demonstrate the convergence results obtained in this paper.