bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Right Ventricular Infarction in Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Vanajakshamma Velam , Vyshnavi Kancherla , Latheef Kasala , Ramesh Rayi , DamodaraRao Kodem 
Published: December 2017

Background Right ventricular infarction (RVI) is common in patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI). Right ventricular involvement increases mortality and morbidity in IWMI patients. Clinical presentation of RVI differs, and accordingly treatment and management of patients also differs.
Aim To find out the frequency of RVI among patients with acute IWMI and to determine the utility of clinical examination, electrocardiography (ECG), and echocardiography (ECHO) in the diagnosis of RVI and its severity. Also o study the frequency and complications with reference to sex.
Material and Methods One hundred patients with acute IWMI were recruited. Clinical examination, ECG with right precordial leads, and 2D ECHO (right ventricular end-systolic volume [RVESV] and right ventricular end-diastolic volume [RVEDV], right ventricular stroke volume [RVSV], RVESV index [RVESVI], RVEDV index [RVEDVI], RVSV index [RVSVI], and right ventricular ejection fraction [RVEF]) were done to diagnose RVI and its severity. RVI patients were divided into two groups basing on RVEF as severe RVI (EF < 35%) and mild RVI (EF > 35%).
Results Forty-three (43%) patients had RVI. Thirty-one (72%) patients had mild RVI (EF > 35%) and 12 (28%) had severe RVI (EF < 35%). Clinical examination had less sensitivity (35%) and high specificity (93%) in the diagnosis of RVI whereas it was highly sensitive (100%) and specific (90%) in detecting severe RVI. Total ST elevation of ≥ 3 mm was highly sensitive (92%), and ≥ 5 mm was highly specific (94%) in detecting severe RVI. RVEF (p < 0.01), RVESVI (p < 0.01), RVEDVI (p < 0.01), RVSVI (p < 0.05), and total ST elevation (p < 0.01) were equally effective in detecting severe RVI. Case fatality rate in RVI was 7%. Proportional mortality rate in females was 67%, with higher mortality in females compared with males (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion Right-sided leads should be taken in all cases of acute IWMI. Careful clinical examination, total ST elevation in V1, V2, V3R, V4R, ECHO RVESV, RVEDV, RVSV, RVEF, RVESVI, RVEDVI, and RVSVI are useful in detecting severe RVI. Complications were significantly associated with the severity of RVI. Mortality is high in females compared with males.
Comparison of Absorbable and Nonabsorbable Sutures in Columellar Incision Closure in Rhinoplasty and Their Effects to Postoperative Scar
Authors: Bayram Ali , Serin Gediz , Kilavuz Ahmet 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOpen technique septorhinoplasty (SRP) provides better surgical control and stronger anatomical assessment; however, one of its biggest disadvantages is postoperative columellar scar. In this study, the authos aimed to compare the absorbable polyglactin 910 (PG) (Vicryl Rapide 6/0; Ethicon Inc.) and nonabsorbable polypropylene (PP) (Prolene 6/0; Ethicon Inc.) suture materials and their effects on the postoperative columellar scar. In this study, 89 patients (61 females and 28 males) who underwent primary open technique SRP were included; 42 patients were included in the PP group and 47 were included in the PG group. Sutures were removed in PP group on 7th postoperative day. Sutures were left to be absorbed in the PG group. Columellar scar was assessed with visual analog scale (VAS) subjectively and with the modified Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale (SBSES) objectively in 6th postoperative month. SBSES results in PG and PP groups were 3.88 ± 0.80 and 3.67 ± 0.80, respectively. There was no statistical significance between the two groups (p = 0.352). VAS results in PG and PP groups were 8.04 ± 0.91 and 7.71 ± 0.85, respectively. There was no statistical significance between the two groups (p = 0.200). No postoperative wound infection was seen in either of the groups. PG delivers good postoperative results in columellar scar. We recommend using PG for columellar incision closure since it provides less discomfort and anxiety for the patient, and less office time for the surgeon during the suture removal.
Role of Camouflage in Management of Facial Trauma Deformities
Authors: Chin Oliver , Tollefson Travis 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFacial fractures and soft tissue injuries around the eyes, nose, and mouth can be difficult to manage in the primary setting, but if untreated, the secondary correction of facial trauma is very challenging. Prevention of soft tissue contraction by restoring the skeletal framework is ideal. Staged, individualized camouflage techniques can be effective in improving outcomes.
Increased postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) production after endoscopic gastrointestinal bypass using the Cousin lumen-apposing stent in a porcine model
Authors: Caiazzo Robert , Branche Julien , Daoudi Mehdi , Solecki Gilles , Hubert Thomas , Quenon Audrey , Raverdy Violeta , Cousin François , Henin François , Dalle Valery , Noel Stéphane , Vanbiervliet Geoffroy , Barthet Marc , Pattou François 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic techniques have demonstrated their effectiveness in metabolic surgery, notably through a gastrointestinal (GI) liner, with a less invasive approach than conventional surgery. Our study evaluates the safety and efficacy of endoscopic GI anastomosis (EGIA) using a lumen-apposing stent to secure the anastomosis.
Materials and methods EGIA was performed using the transgastric approach with a two-channel endoscope with a novel stent (Cousin Biotech). First, a safety study with a follow-up of 12 months was performed on five piglets. Then, metabolic changes were investigated in a minipig model (n = 10) before and after EGIA or open GIA (OGIA).
Results EGIA was technically successful with no complications observed during clinical monitoring. Endoscopic and postmortem examinations during the second part of study showed a secure anastomosis between the stomach and the intestinal limb in all except one minipig. Both minipigs subjected to EGIA and those in the control group (OGIA) exhibited increased postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) production (incretin secretion) and impaired D-xylose absorption (malabsorption effect).
Conclusion Performing EGIA with this dedicated stent appears safe, technically feasible, durable, and reproducible in providing a simple and effective endoscopic GI bypass capable of ensuring metabolic effect.
Positive Psychology in SLA
Authors: Mercer Sarah 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis article begins with an outline of the developments in Positive Psychology (PP) generally and specifically within SLA focusing on theoretical, empirical and practical developments. It moves on to consider PP’s potential contribution to language teaching focusing on how it can help promote emotional, social and psychological wellbeing for language learners and teachers. It explores the concept of ‘Positive Education’ and reflects on possible lessons from these broader developments for a specific approach to ‘Positive Language Education’. It is argued that PP facilitates new ways of thinking about language learning and can provide the ideal vehicle from which to foreground wellbeing as a concept and dual aim in language education.
Lingua e comunità in coro
Authors: Kennedy Claire , Miceli Tiziana 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This article concerns a special learning space populated by Italians and Italian learners: the choir formed in Brisbane as a joint initiative between a community association and the Italian teaching staff at Griffith University. Our aim, in involving our students in the choir, was to bring them together with L1 speakers in an environment that would be stimulating but supportive, given the collective, creative goal. We envisaged that interaction in this space would help develop the students’ language proficiency, intercultural competence, and cultural knowledge, while also bringing the psychosocial benefits of choral singing identified by recent research. These benefits include positive emotions, social support and friendship, an antidote to anxiety and stress, and a shared sense of commitment. Evaluation of findings from the project suggest that the choir did foster students’ learning together with wellbeing.
Branched-chain amino acids regulate type I tropocollagen and type III tropocollagen syntheses via modulation of mTOR in the skin
Authors: Yamane Takumi , Morioka Yuka , Kitaura Yasuyuki , Iwatsuki Ken , Shimomura Yoshiharu , Oishi Yuichi 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) exhibit many physiological functions. However, the potential link and mechanism between BCAA and skin function are unknown. We examined the effects of deletion of branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase kinase (BDK), a key enzyme in BCAA catabolism, on type I and III tropocollagen syntheses in mice. Leucine and isoleucine levels were significantly lower in the skin of BDK-KO mice compared with wild-type mice. No changes in valine concentrations were observed. The levels of type I and III tropocollagen proteins and mRNAs (COL1A1 and COL3A1) were significantly lower in the skin of BDK-KO mice compared with wild-type mice. The phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase, which indicates mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, was reduced in the skin of BDK-KO mice compared with wild-type mice. These findings suggest that deficiencies of leucine and isoleucine reduce type I and III tropocollagen syntheses in skin by suppressing the action of mTOR.
Structural and functional analysis of the carotenoid biosynthesis genes of aPseudomonasstrain isolated from the excrement of Autumn Darter
Authors: Fukaya Yuki , Takemura Miho , Koyanagi Takashi , Maoka Takashi , Shindo Kazutoshi , Misawa Norihiko 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThere are many reports about carotenoid-producing bacteria and carotenoid biosynthesis genes. In databases for Pseudomonas genome sequences, there are genes homologous to carotenoid biosynthesis genes, but the function of these genes in Pseudomonas has not been elucidated. In this study, we cloned the carotenoid biosynthesis genes from a Pseudomonas sp. strain, named Akiakane, which was isolated from the excrement of the Autumn Darter dragonfly. Using an Escherichia coli functional expression system, we confirmed that the idi, crtE, crtB, crtI, and crtY gene products of the Akiakane strain show predictable catalytic activities. A cluster of six genes was also found, which was comparable to other carotenoid-producing bacteria that belong to the α-Proteobacteria or γ-Proteobacteria class.
Severity of Illness Scores May Misclassify Critically Ill Obese Patients*
Authors: Deliberato Rodrigo Octávio , Ko Stephanie , Komorowski Matthieu , Armengol de La Hoz M. A. , Frushicheva Maria P. , Raffa Jesse D. , Johnson Alistair E. W. , Celi Leo Anthony , Stone David J. 
Published: December 2017

Objective:
Severity of illness scores rest on the assumption that patients have normal physiologic values at baseline and that patients with similar severity of illness scores have the same degree of deviation from their usual state. Prior studies have reported differences in baseline physiology, including laboratory markers, between obese and normal weight individuals, but these differences have not been analyzed in the ICU. We compared deviation from baseline of pertinent ICU laboratory test results between obese and normal weight patients, adjusted for the severity of illness.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study in a large ICU database.

Setting:
Tertiary teaching hospital.

Patients:
Obese and normal weight patients who had laboratory results documented between 3 days and 1 year prior to hospital admission.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Seven hundred sixty-nine normal weight patients were compared with 1,258 obese patients. After adjusting for the severity of illness score, age, comorbidity index, baseline laboratory result, and ICU type, the following deviations were found to be statistically significant: WBC 0.80 (95% CI, 0.27–1.33) × 109/L; p = 0.003; log (blood urea nitrogen) 0.01 (95% CI, 0.00–0.02); p = 0.014; log (creatinine) 0.03 (95% CI, 0.02–0.05), p < 0.001; with all deviations higher in obese patients. A logistic regression analysis suggested that after adjusting for age and severity of illness at least one of these deviations had a statistically significant effect on hospital mortality (p = 0.009).

Conclusions:
Among patients with the same severity of illness score, we detected clinically small but significant deviations in WBC, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen from baseline in obese compared with normal weight patients. These small deviations are likely to be increasingly important as bigger data are analyzed in increasingly precise ways. Recognition of the extent to which all critically ill patients may deviate from their own baseline may improve the objectivity, precision, and generalizability of ICU mortality prediction and severity adjustment models.
ANALYSIS OF THE NORMAL PERIPHERAL RETINAL VASCULAR PATTERN AND ITS CORRELATION WITH MICROVASCULAR ABNORMALITIES USING ULTRA-WIDEFIELD FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: Seo Eoi Jong , Kim June-Gone 
Published: December 2017

Purpose:
To describe the retinal peripheral vascular morphology and to elucidate its relationship to microvascular abnormalities in normal fundus using ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography.

Methods:
A total of 242 eyes from 167 consecutive patients were categorized into 3 groups: bilateral normal (n = 64), normal with contralateral eye affected with vascular disease (n = 82), and early diabetic eyes (n = 96). Peripheral vascular morphology was described and classified according to the shape. Microvascular abnormalities such as capillary telangiectasia, microaneurysm, or vascular leakage were documented, and the relationship between those abnormalities in each groups were analyzed.

Results:
There were two distinctive peripheral vascular morphologies—loop and branching patterns. Microvascular abnormalities were more frequently found as loop patterns; this difference was most prominent when both eyes were normal. In case of normal eyes with contralateral eye affected with vascular disease or diabetic eyes, branching pattern microvascular abnormalities were relatively increased, whereas loop pattern still showed a large degree of microvascular abnormalities.

Conclusion:
In normal retinal periphery, we observed microvascular abnormalities and their relationship with vascular morphology, which could be influenced by the condition of the contralateral eye or systemic disease such as diabetes mellitus.
PREOPERATIVE FACTORS INFLUENCING VISUAL RECOVERY AFTER VITRECTOMY FOR MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS
Authors: Lehmann Mathieu , Devin François , Rothschild Pierre-Raphael , Gaucher David , Morin Bruno , Philippakis Elise , Massin Pascale , Couturier Aude , Tadayoni Ramin 
Published: December 2017

Purpose:
To determine the preoperative factors influencing visual recovery after vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis.

Methods:
Sixty-six eyes of 65 consecutive patients operated on for myopic foveoschisis were retrospectively included. All eyes underwent a preoperative ocular examination including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography with central foveal thickness measurement and foveal status classification: simple foveoschisis, foveal detachment, or macular hole. To study the impact of preoperative visual acuity, 4 visual acuity groups separated by quartile ranges were defined. Postoperative visits at 1, 3, or 12 months including BCVA measurement and optical coherence tomography were recorded.

Results:
Mean refraction was −15.90 diopters, mean axial length was 30.30 mm, mean central foveal thickness was 590 μm, and mean baseline logarithm of the maximum angle of resolution visual acuity was 0.68 (Snellen equivalent of 20/96). The final BCVA improved significantly from 3 months after surgery until the last follow-up visit; the mean logarithm of the maximum angle of resolution visual acuity at last follow-up was 0.43 (Snellen equivalent of 20/54). Mean central foveal thickness decreased significantly as soon as the first postoperative month (P < 0.0001). The preoperative BCVA was the only independent factor significantly correlated with the final BCVA as opposed to the foveal status (P < 0.0001). The mean BCVA and mean visual gain at the last follow-up visit were significantly different between the four visual acuity groups (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.017, respectively).

Conclusion:
The main factor influencing the postoperative visual acuity is the preoperative visual acuity. Although the preoperative anatomical status seemed important in surgeon decision making, once normalized on visual acuity, it no longer influenced the postoperative visual acuity.
Cytomegalovirus infection is a risk factor for TB disease in Infants
Authors: Muller Julius , Tanner Rachel , Matsumiya Magali , Snowden Margaret A. , Landry Bernard , Satti Iman , Harris Stephanie A. , Tanner Rachel , O’Shea Matthew K. , Stockdale Lisa , Marsay Leanne , Chomka Agnieszka , Harrington-Kandt Rachel , Thomas Zita-Rose Manjaly , Naranbhai Vivek , Stylianou Elena , Mbandi Stanley Kimbung , Hatherill Mark , Hussey Gregory , Mahomed Hassan , Tameris Michele , McClain J. Bruce , Evans Thomas G. , Hanekom Willem A. , Scriba Thomas J. , McShane Helen , Fletcher Helen A. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTImmune activation is associated with increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease in infants. We performed a case-control analysis to identify drivers of immune activation and disease risk. Among 49 infants who developed TB disease over the first two years of life, and 129 matched controls who remained healthy, we found the cytomegalovirus (CMV) stimulated IFN-γ response at age 4-6 months to be associated with CD8+ T-cell activation (Spearman’s rho, p=6×10−8). A CMV specific IFN-γ response was also associated with increased risk of developing TB disease (Conditional Logistic Regression, p=0.043, OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.02-4.83), and shorter time to TB diagnosis (Log Rank Mantel-Cox p=0.037). CMV positive infants who developed TB disease had lower expression of natural killer cell associated gene signatures and a lower frequency of CD3-CD4-CD8-lymphocytes. We identified transcriptional signatures predictive of risk of TB disease among CMV ELISpot positive (AUROC 0.98, accuracy 92.57%) and negative (AUROC 0.9, accuracy 79.3%) infants; the CMV negative signature validated in an independent infant study (AUROC 0.71, accuracy 63.9%). Understanding and controlling the microbial drivers of T cell activation, such as CMV, could guide new strategies for prevention of TB disease in infants.
Aberrant splicing in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Black Kathryn L. , Naqvi Ammar S. , Hayer Katharina E. , Yang Scarlett Y. , Gillespie Elisabeth , Bagashev Asen , Pillai Vinodh , Tasian Sarah K. , Gazzara Matthew R. , Carroll Martin , Taylor Deanne , Lynch Kristen W. , Barash Yoseph , Thomas-Tikhonenko Andrei 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTAberrant splicing is a hallmark of leukemias with mutations in splicing factor (SF)-encoding genes. Here we investigated its prevalence in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (B-ALL), where SFs are not mutated. By comparing them to normal pro-B cells, we found thousands of aberrant local splice variations (LSVs) per sample, with 279 LSVs in 241 genes present in every comparison. These genes were enriched in RNA processing pathways and encoded ~100 SFs, e.g. hnRNPA1. hnRNPA1 3’UTR was pervasively misspliced, yielding the transcript subject to nonsense-mediated decay. Thus, we knocked it down in B-lymphoblastoid cells, identified 213 hnRNPA1-dependent splicing events, and defined the hnRNPA1 splicing signature in pediatric leukemias. One of its elements was DICER1, a known tumor suppressor gene; its LSVs were consistent with reduced translation of DICER1 mRNA. Additionally, we searched for LSVs in other leukemia and lymphoma drivers and discovered 81 LSVs in 41 genes. 77 LSVs were confirmed using two large independent B-ALL RNA-seq datasets. In fact, the twenty most common B-ALL drivers showed higher prevalence of aberrant splicing than of somatic mutations. Thus, post-transcriptional deregulation of SF can drive widespread changes in B-ALL splicing and likely contribute to disease pathogenesis.
Rapid evolution of gained essential developmental functions of a young gene via interactions with other essential genes
Authors: Lee Yuh Chwen G. , Ventura Iuri M. , Rice Gavin R. , Chen Don-Yuan , Long Manyuan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNew genes originated relatively recently and are only present in a subset of species in a phylogeny. Accumulated evidence suggests that new genes, like old genes that are conserved across species, can also take on important functions and be essential for the survival and reproductive success of organisms. While there are detailed analyses of the mechanisms underlying gained fertility functions by new genes, how new genes rapidly became essential for viability remains unclear. We focused on a young retro-duplicated gene (CG7804, which we namedCocoon) inDrosophilathat originated three million years ago. We found that, unlike its evolutionarily conserved and broadly expressed parental gene,Cocoonhas evolved rapidly under positive selection since its birth and accumulates many amino acid divergences at functional sites from the parental gene. Despite its young age,Cocoonis essential for the survival ofD. melanogasterat multiple developmental stages, including the critical embryonic stage, and its expression is essential in different tissues from its parental gene. Functional genomic analyses found thatCocoongained multiple DNA binding targets, which regulates the expression of genes that have other essential functions and/or have multiple gene-gene interactions. Our observations suggest thatCocoonacquired essential function to survival through forming interactions that have large impacts on the gene interaction network. Our study is an important step towards deciphering the evolutionary trajectory by which new genes functionally diverge from the parental gene and become essential.
Tau hyperphosphorylation on T217 in cerebrospinal fluid is specifically associated to amyloid-β pathology
Authors: Barthélemy Nicolas R. , Bateman Randall J. , Marin Philippe , Becher François , Sato Chihiro , Lehmann Sylvain , Gabelle Audrey 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIntroductionModification of CSF tau phosphorylation in AD remains controversial since total-tau and phospho-tau levels measured by immunoassays are highly correlated.MethodsStoichiometry of phosphorylation of CSF tau was monitored on five sites by mass spectrometry. We compared 50 participants with AD at mild to moderate stages, others tauopathies and controls then confirmed our results in a cohort of 86 participants cognitively normal or with mild cognitive impairment and stratified according to amyloid-β status.ResultsChanges in tau phosphorylation rates were observed in AD participants but not in other tauopathies. T181 appeared slightly hyperphosphorylated in AD. In comparison, T217 phosphorylation, was considerably modified. We demonstrated T217 hyperphosphorylation occurred systematically in amyloid positive participants even at preclinical stage (AUC 0.999). T217 phosphorylation change specificity overpasses other phosphorylated tau sites investigated in this study, but also CSF total-tau and p-tau levels.DiscussionCSF T217 hyperphosphorylation defines a specific tauopathy status concomitant with ß-amyloidosis.