bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Research Project for Evaluating Seismic Linkage Around the Nankai Trough —Integration of Observation, Simulation, and Disaster Mitigation—
Authors: Kaneda Yoshiyuki ,   Research Groups for the Next Nankai Trough Mega Thrust Earthquakes, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Hibiya Central Bldg. 6F, 1-2-9 Nishishinbashi Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0003, Japan, Hirahara Kazuo , Furumura Takashi ,   Research Groups for the Next Nankai Trough Mega Thrust Earthquakes, Kyoto University,   Research Groups for the Next Nankai Trough Mega Thrust Earthquakes, CIDIR/ERI, Univ. of Tokyo
Published: April 2016

Maga thrust earthquakes have occurred with an interval of 100-200 years around the Nanki trough southwestern Japan. The estimated economical damage of next mega thrust earthquakes is equivalent to the national budget.
Therefore, progresses of seismological researches and new proposals of disaster mitigation for next mega thrust earthquakes are urgent and important issues for Japan.
So, from 2009, the new research project of MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) is starting as a five years project.
This project is composed of two subprojects including researches of observations simulations and disaster mitigations. In observational researches, we will carry out seismic surveys, seismic tomography and monitoring researches. Simulation researches are including the theme such as developments of crustal deformation databases, advanced simulation methods, seismic linkage studies and recurrence cycle simulations.
In disaster mitigation researches, there are prediction researches of strong motion and tsunami hazards and proposals of future risk managements.
These researches are progressing in close cooperation with each other. Finally, results from this project will be integrated to improve the recurrence simulation model and advanced proposal of disaster mitigation. The collaboration and integration of scientific researches, engineering researches and social sciences of next megathrust earthquakes will lead to the practical disaster mitigation.
Special Issue on Early Warning for Natural Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Motosaka Masato 
Published: April 2016

Japan and many other counties face the risk of the natural disaster such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods. Natural disaster mitigation research and development are providing important, practical applications based on the development of the scientific technology.
One major contribution is early warning system, being backed by observation and communication technology progress. Early warning research and development have been extensively studied domestically and internationally. Specifically, recent developments in earthquake engineering research and construction of seismic dense network have made it possible to issue earthquake warnings before the arrival of severe shaking. Such warnings enable emergency measures to be taken to protect lives, buildings, infrastructure, and transport from earthquake depredations. One such system went into practical use nationwide in Japan starting on October 1, 2007. Development has been conducted with cooperation of government, academic community and non-government, and private organizations.
This special issue features papers on the early warning system for the natural disastermitigation covering issues ranging from natural science to social science. The recent developed earthquake early warning technology and its applications will be introduced. Besides earthquakes, the recent early warning technology for tsunami and flood are also included in this issue. The warning time available for tsunami and flood is much longer than that for earthquakes, and the contribution of numerical calculation using the real-time observation data differs with the type of disaster.
Finally I would like to express my deepest gratitude for anonymous reviewers of papers in this special issue.
Special Issue on Safety Science: Comprehensive Approach to Social Disasters and Natural Disasters
Authors: Kawata Yoshiaki 
Published: April 2016

In April 2010, the new Kansai University Safety Science Faculty started with 16 professors, to be increased to 25 from April 2011. Just half are social science researchers and the others natural science researchers. With natural disasters and accidents in Japan growing increasingly complex, conventional analysis on how to reduce disaster damage and avoid accidents has become increasingly inadequate. We need an interdisciplinary approach to solve problems underlying cooperative research.
A representative disaster is the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe) earthquake, which killed 6,434 people and injured 40,000. It generated economic losses of $102.5 billion, 2.5% of Japan’s GDP at the time.
A representative accident is the 2007 Amagasaki JR Fukuchiyama Line rail crash, which killed 107, including the driver, and injured 562. The direct cause of the accident was speeding - the speed limit on the curve where the train left the tracks was 70 km/h, but the train was moving at 116 km/h. The most important indirect reason was the delayed implementation of a new ATS that should have been put in place from the viewpoint of cost management. Japan Transport Safety Board (JTSB) functions will be improved as a result of this accident. In the US, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) operates independent of US government agencies - a trend expected to be followed by the JTSB.
Both provided many potentially valuable disaster lessons, some of which this journal introduces. Other risk-related topics in this volume include tsunami information systems, information law, disaster education, and mental health and psychological approaches to the behavior of young people in the face of disaster, analyzed by our faculty members based on original viewpoints. Effort on these researches has to be continued to improve “Safety Science Study” and promote following social action to improve our social structure toward a safe and secure society.
We thank the authors for their earnest contributions and the reviewers for their invaluable advice on improving the quality of this special issue of JDR.
Special Issue on Understanding Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases
Authors: Kasuga Fumiko 
Published: April 2016

Recent developments in medicine and anti-microbial treatment based on intensive research on basic microbiology have successfully been controlling many infectious diseases to be nonfatal. As stated by Dr. Nobuhiko Okabe in the first section of this issue, emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases still threaten human lives and health both in developing and industrialized countries. A multiprefectural outbreak of enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O111 and O157 due to raw beef consumption took the lives of victims, including young children, earlier this year in Japan, following which people worldwide were panicked by news from Europe of a huge outbreak of EHEC O104. Infectious diseases result from interaction between pathogens and humans including our behaviors.
The Journal of Disaster Research has already drawn readers’ attention to infectious diseases in its special issue on “Our Social Activities Are Always Related to Outbreaks of Infectious Diseases,” with Guest Editor Dr. Masayuki Saijo in JDR Vol.4, No.5, October, 2009. That issue reviewed the background behind infectious disease emergence and reemergence using examples of viral diseases that could cause serious public health concerns, and emphasized the need for preparedness and responses, including against bioterrorism.
The present issue again reminds readers of the threat of infectious diseases by demonstrating bacterial and viral infections, focusing more on basic knowledge about these pathogens. Disease history, and epidemiology and the microbiological nature of pathogens and infection pathways are summarized. Treatment, vaccination and other control measures, and law and other social systems for controlling disease are also reviewed.
We believe that a better understanding of pathogens will enable society to build better strategies for overcoming problems with emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, such as appropriate preventive measures, treatment and control for preventing outbreaks from expanding. We also hope that such considerations are also useful to disaster control experts in other areas.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the authors and reviewers for their great contributions to this issue, and to the Editorial Board and the Secretariat of the Journal of Disaster Research for their continuous encouragement and assistance.
Systematization and Sharing of Disaster Management Literacy by DMLH
Authors: Kimura Reo ,   School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Shinzaike-honcho, Himeji, Hyogo 670-0092, Japan, Hayashi Haruo , Suzuki Shingo , Kobayashi Kosuke , Urabe Kenshin , Inoue Satoshi , Nishino Takahiro ,   Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan,   GK Kyoto Inc., Kyoto, Japan,   R2 Media Solution Inc., Kyoto, Japan
Published: April 2016

The concept we propose for a disaster management literacy hub (DMLH) involves systemizing and generalizing disaster management literacy (DML) and discussing how to design such a DMLH where the general public and disaster responders share materials on DML. In the early 21stcentury, measures against large-scale earthquakes should essentially include both hardware disaster mitigation measures like the construction of appropriate structures and software measures like disaster preparedness among people and organizations such as the general public, disaster responders and related organizations. We define knowledge about disaster response management and competency as DML. Our analysis of documents on the incident command system (ICS), an emergency response system under the United States Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), found 56 positions of disaster responders in ICS defined by 35 actions required for four types of disaster response competency. The above analysis led us to propose that DML consist of three elements: knowledge for learning about disaster management and mitigation, skills required for effective disaster response, and basic competency and attitudes for coping with disasters. For conceptual DMLH design based on the Instructional Design (ID), we propose three types of learning:1 The general public and disaster responders learn audiovisually using training videos and materials and review tests on learn from videos.2 People who want to provide education and training at schools or in regions or municipalities with school teacher guidance/teaching plans learn how to do so.3 People learn DML by posting or searching for (collecting and arranging) materials.We discuss how to publish such learning programs, taking as a specific example a life reconstruction support system (to put disaster victims’ lives back in order) based on victims’ master database.
Special Issue on the Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster: Part III – Risk Communication –
Authors: Karaki Hideaki 
Published: April 2016

Following its two special issues on the March 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster, the Journal of Disaster Research is now publishing this third issue focusing on risk communication.
The earthquake and tsunami killed over 20,000 people, destroyed houses, farmlands, and communities, and led to a large amount of radioactive materials being released from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. These materials contaminated the environment and foods and forced almost 160,000 people to be evacuated from the highly contaminated district.
Ruined buildings are now being reconstructed and adversely affected farmland is being decontaminated. The victims remained concerned, however, about their future, especially those exposed to even very low-level radiation.
Chernobyl’s Legacy: Health, Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts, a landmark report released by the Chernobyl Forum in 2005, assessed the 20-year impact of the nuclear explosion at the Chernobyl power plant in 1986. One of its important findings was that 4,000 cases of thyroid cancer, mainly in children, had occurred but that except for nine deaths, all of the children recovered and that there was no evidence of any increase in the incidence of leukemia or cancer among affected residents.
Such facts as these are not generally known, however, many health conditions have been erroneously attributed to radiation exposure and myths and misperceptions have persisted about the threat of radiation, resulting in a “paralyzing fatalism” among residents of affected areas.
The Chernobyl report recommends developing new and innovative ways of risk communication to increase knowledge about the actual health effects of radiation and providing accurate information on the incident’s physical and mental health consequences.
Over the last three years, experts in risk communication in Japan have continued working to disseminate scientifically accurate information about radiation. This issue discusses the current status and questions related to the incident.
Special Issue on Enhancement of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Mitigation Technology in Peru (II)
Authors: Yamazaki Fumio , Zavala Carlos , Estrada Miguel 
Published: April 2016

With the greatest pleasure, we present the second special issue of the Journal of Disaster Research (JDR), entitled Enhancement of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Mitigation Technology in Peru. This follows the first special issue on the same theme. These special issues contain 36 articles, 15 in the first and 21 in the second. They summarize research output from the SATREPS Peru project. SATREPS is an international research program sponsored by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). As a SATREPS project on natural disaster mitigation, our 5-year Peru project began in March 2010 with the purpose of enhancing and implementing earthquake and tsunami disaster-mitigation technology in Peru.
The joint research project provides good opportunities for Peruvian and Japanese researchers and engineers to work together exchanging opinions on their common goal of reducing loss from earthquakes and tsunamis. Within the project period, CISMID was designated as a government agency in charge of disaster-mitigation activities. Project outcomes have been introduced in national design codes and in guidelines on earthquake and tsunami risk evaluation in Peru. Our project has drawn great attention among members of Peruvian society. It has attracted hundreds of participants and scores of mass media through public seminars and symposia. We expect the project to be sustained through public awareness and dissemination activities by Peruvian organizations.
We hope this special issue will provide useful information to seismic-prone Asia-Pacific countries, especially Latin America. In closing, we sincerely thank the contributors and reviewers who have done so much to make the articles in this special issue both interesting and valuable.
Integration of GIS with Remote Sensing and GPS for Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Khan Sikander Nawaz ,   University of Gujrat Shahbaz Pur Road, Jalal Pur Jattan, Gujrat, Pakistan
Published: April 2016

Natural disasters like flood, earthquake, cyclone, volcanic eruption and others are causing immense losses to the property and lives every year. Current status and actual loss information on natural hazards can be determined and also prediction for next probable disasters can be made using different remote sensing and mapping technologies. Global Positioning System (GPS) calculates the exact position of damage. It can also communicate with wireless sensor nodes embedded in potentially dangerous places. GPS provides precise and accurate locations and other related information like speed, track, direction and distance of target objects to emergency responders.Remote Sensing facilitates to map damages without having physical contact with target area. Now with the addition of more remote sensing satellites and other advancements, early warning system is used very efficiently. Remote sensing is being used both at local and global scale. High Resolution Satellite Imagery (HRSI), airborne remote sensing and space-borne remote sensing is playing a vital role in disaster management.Early in Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to collect, arrange, and map the spatial information, but now it has the capability to analyze spatial data. This analytical ability of GIS is the main cause of its adoption by different emergency service providers like the police and ambulance service.The full potential of these so called 3S technologies cannot be used alone. Integration of GPS and other remote sensing techniques with GIS has pointed new horizons in modeling of earth science activities. Many remote sensing cases, including Asian Ocean Tsunami in 2004, Mount Mangart landslides and Pakistan-India earthquake in 2005 are described in this paper.
Proposal for an Efficient Damping System for High-Rise Buildings in Major Earthquakes
Authors: Murakami Katsuhide ,   Engineering Department, Structural Engineering Division, Nikken Sekkei Ltd.  2-18-3 Iidabashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Ishii Masato , Miyazaki Kentaroh , Tsuneki Yasuhiro 
Published: April 2016

Recent vibration resistant designs for buildings in Japan often adopt a vibration control structure with dampers arranged in the framework. Generally, the dampers are arranged in the building’s core in a geometry that works most effectively to protect against story shearing deformation. It is already known, however, that the above-mentioned arrangement of dampers does not provide good damping effects for the upper stories of high-rise buildings with large aspect ratios, because the protection mechanism is designed to decrease the shearing deformation components of the building’s horizontal deformation caused by its horizontal loads.
A new type of dampers, called force-restricted tuned viscous mass dampers (FRTVMD), has been recently developed for such circumstances, amplifying the deformation of viscous dampers with their tuned mass effects. This paper, therefore, first presents a tuned mass damper (TMD) system, effective for high-rise buildings with large aspect ratios against great earthquakes, and then proposes a new vibration control structural system capable of generating better damping effects with FRTVMD. In addition, we review its characteristics and effects by analyzing its vibration response, as well as verify that a combined use of such vibration control structural systems will generate far greater damping effects than an individual system.
Force Compensating Trajectories for Redundant Robots: Experimental Results
Authors: Vassileva Daniela ,   Harmonic Drive Systems Inc., 1856-1 Hotakamaki, Azumino, Nagano 399-8305, Japan, Boiadjiev George , Kawasaki Haruhisa , Mouri Tetsuya ,   Mechatronics Systems Department, Institute of Mechanics, BAS, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 4, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria,   Department of Human and Inf. Syst., Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
Published: April 2016

We proposed a new approach for redundant robots trajectories planning, based on the Null space (or Kernel) features. The Null space (Kernel) exists only in the case of redundant robots and it describes these joints motion which do not affect the robot end-effector motion in the sense of both position and orientation. Based on this “hidden motion” realized in the configuration space, which does not affect the motion in the working zone, we can control independently the robot end-effector position and orientation motions, or just maintain its state while some external force is applied to it.The proposed control strategy is simple, no additional penalty functions are used to restraint the end-effector motion as in the case of the conventional methods. No pseudo inverse kinematics calculations are required; the desired trajectories are generated directly in the configuration space. No complicated control schemes are introduced, the proposed method is based on solving algebraic systems of equations and finding eigenvectors and eigenvalues.In the paper the results from simulations and experiments based on the proposed method are presented and discussed.
Special Issue on Kukanchi Interactive Human – Space Design and Intelligence Dedicated to Dr. Kazuo Tanie
Authors: Mizukawa Makoto ,   Dean, College of Engineering,, Yokoi Kazuhito , Hasegawa Tsutomu , Sugano Shigeki , Nakauchi Yasushi 
Published: April 2016

The history of science and technology evolution plays a great role in expanding human ability. Physical enhancement is done by controlling power after invention of steam engines and governor. These lead inventions of various useful machines to improve the productivity of material, food, and many attractive consumer products such as automobiles. Electrics and electronics also provided social infrastructure for industries and individual life.
From ancient times, media have been developed to assist in intellectual activities such as characters, clay boards, papers, printing machines to carry knowledge. The accumulation of knowledge was one source of governance power and social movement of the Enlightenment promoted spreading such knowledge to citizens by editing Encyclopedias. This movement opened modern and civilized era. Telecommunication and computer technologies have accelerated to develop tools that help thinking and communication using the enormous knowledge stored in storages distributed worldwide. Kukanchi —Interactive Human-Space Design and Intelligence— enhances human physical boundary limited by its body to its surrounding space adopting and fusing technologies such as robotics, structured information, sensor network, object oriented software, software engineering of Robot Technology (RT) middleware, human–robot–interaction, etc. Kukanchi is expected to provide barrier–free environment and support to maintain QoL of daily life for any kind of handicapped people.
This special issue features nine excellent papers from researchers devoting efforts to establishing kukanchi field and concept. This special issue is edited by guest editors, Prof. Makoto Mizukawa (Shibaura Institute of Technology) and four editors, Drs. Kazuhito Yokoi (AIST), Tsutomu Hasegawa (Kyushu University), Shigeki Sugano (Waseda University), Yasushi Nakauchi (University of Tsukuba). We thank the authors for their contributions and reviewers for their time and effort in making this special issue possible. We also thank the JRM Editorial Board for providing the opportunity to take part in this work.
In closing, we would like to express our deep gratitude to the late Dr. Kazuo Tanie, who founded the Kukanchi research group.