bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterization of KMT2A fusion partner genes in 13 cases of pediatric leukemia with complex or cryptic karyotypes
Authors: Ney Garcia Daniela R. , de Souza Mariana T. , de Figueiredo Amanda F. , Othman Moneeb A. K. , Rittscher Katharina , Abdelhay Eliana , Capela de Matos Roberto R. , Meyer Claus , Marschalek Rolf , Land Marcelo G. P. , Liehr Thomas , Ribeiro Raul C. , Silva Maria Luiza Macedo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn pediatric acute leukemias, reciprocal chromosomal translocations frequently cause gene fusions involving the lysine (K)‐specific methyltransferase 2A gene (KMT2A, also known as MLL). Specific KMT2A fusion partners are associated with the disease phenotype (lymphoblastic vs. myeloid), and the type of KMT2A rearrangement also has prognostic implications. However, the KMT2A partner gene cannot always be identified by banding karyotyping. We sought to identify such partner genes in 13 cases of childhood leukemia with uninformative karyotypes by combining molecular techniques, including multicolor banding FISH, reverse‐transcriptase PCR, and long‐distance inverse PCR. Of the KMT2A fusion partner genes, MLLT3 was present in five patients, all with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, MLLT1 in two patients, and MLLT10, MLLT4, MLLT11, and AFF1 in one patient each. Reciprocal reading by long‐distance inverse PCR also disclosed KMT2A fusions with PITPNA in one patient, with LOC100132273 in another patient, and with DNA sequences not compatible with any gene in three patients. The most common KMT2A breakpoint region was intron/exon 9 (3/8 patients), followed by intron/exon 11 and 10. Finally, multicolor banding revealed breakpoints in other chromosomes whose biological and prognostic implications remain to be determined. We conclude that the combination of molecular techniques used in this study can efficiently identify KMT2A fusion partners in complex pediatric acute leukemia karyotypes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What determines skin sensitization potency: Myths, maybes and realities. The 500 molecular weight cut‐off: An updated analysis
Authors: Fitzpatrick Jeremy M. , Roberts David W. , Patlewicz Grace 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIt is widely accepted that substances must have a molecular weight (MW) < 500 to penetrate effectively through the skin to induce sensitization. Roberts et al. (2012. Contact Dermatitis 68: 32–41) evaluated a data set of 699 substances taken from the TIMES‐SS expert system and identified that of the 13 substances with a MW > 500, five were sensitizers. This provided good evidence to refute such a MW 500 threshold. While Roberts et al. (2012) made a convincing case that the MW > 500 cut‐off was not a true requirement for sensitization, the number of counter examples identified were too few to draw any statistical conclusions. This updated analysis systematically interrogated a large repository of sensitization information collected under the EU REACH regulation. A data set of 2904 substances that had been tested for skin sensitization, using guinea pigs and/or mice were collected. The data set contained 197 substances with a MW > 500; 33 of these were skin sensitizers. Metal containing complexes, reaction products and mixtures were excluded from further consideration. The final set of 14 sensitizers substantiated the original findings. The study also assessed whether the same reaction chemistry principles established for low MW sensitizers applied to chemicals with a MW > 500. The existing reaction chemistry considerations were found appropriate to rationalize the sensitization behaviour of the 14 sensitizers with a MW > 500. The existence of the MW 500 threshold, based on the widespread misconception that the ability to penetrate efficiently the stratum corneum is a key determinant of skin sensitization potential and potency, was refuted. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Properties of Conjugated Microporous Polymers Bearing Pyrazine Moieties with Macroscopically Porous 3D Networks Structures
Authors: Zang Jiake , Zhu Zhaoqi , Mu Peng , Sun Hanxue , Liang Weidong , Yu Fucheng , Chen Lihua , Li An 
Published: June 2016

The N‐containing conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are synthesized by 2,5‐dibromopyrazine or its isomeric pyridazine monomer and 1,3,5‐triethynylbenzene via the Pd(0)/Cu(I)‐catalyzed Sonogashira–Hagihara cross‐coupling polycondensation. The resulting CMPs exhibit diverse porosity and morphology, which reveals macroscopically porous 3D networks for BQCMP‐1, agglomerated and amorphous structure for DQCMP‐1, arising from the variation of isomeric monomer. In addition, metal ions adsorption capacity of Zn(II), Cr(VI), Ni(II) have been investigated due to the good porosity of CMPs. Compared with Zn(II) and Cr(VI), the adsorption capacity of Ni(II) for BQCMP‐1 and DQCMP‐1 is maximal, which is 272 mg g−1 and 559 mg g−1. Our study may provide a useful guidance to manipulate CMPs by varying the constitution of isomeric monomer.
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19F DOSY diffusion‐NMR spectroscopy of fluoropolymers
Authors: Xu Chenglong , Wan Yingbo , Chen Dongxue , Gao Chun , Yin Hongnan , Fetherston Daniel , Kupce Eriks , Lopez Gerald , Ameduri Bruno , Twum Eric B. , Wyzgoski Faith J. , Li Xiaohong , McCord Elizabeth F. , Rinaldi Peter L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA new pulse sequence for obtaining 19F detected DOSY (diffusion ordered spectroscopy) spectra of fluorinated molecules is presented and used to study fluoropolymers based on vinylidene fluoride and chlorotrifluoroethylene. The performance of 19F DOSY NMR experiments (and in general any type of NMR experiment) on fluoropolymers creates some unique complications that very often prevent detection of important signals. Factors that create these complications include: (1) the presence of many scalar couplings among 1H, 19F and 13C; (2) the large magnitudes of many 19F homonuclear couplings (especially 2JFF); (3) the large 19F chemical shift range; and (4) the low solubility of these materials (which requires that experiments be performed at high temperatures). A systematic study of the various methods for collecting DOSY NMR data, and the adaptation of these methods to obtain 19F detected DOSY data, has been performed using a mixture of low molecular weight, fluorinated model compounds. The best pulse sequences and optimal experimental conditions have been determined for obtaining 19F DOSY spectra. The optimum pulse sequences for acquiring 19F DOSY NMR data have been determined for various circumstances taking into account the spectral dispersion, number and magnitude of couplings present, and experimental temperature. Pulse sequences and experimental parameters for optimizing these experiments for the study of fluoropolymers have been studied. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oocyte vitrification does not affect early developmental timings after intracytoplasmic sperm injection for women younger than 30 years old
Authors: Martínez Meritxell , Obradors Albert , Vernaeve Valerie , Santaló Josep , Vassena Rita 
Published: June 2016

SUMMARYOocyte vitrification causes a temporary disassembly of the metaphase plate and spindle, which needs time to recover after warming. As a consequence, early post‐fertilization events—such as timing of second polar body extrusion—might be altered, with unknown effects on preimplantation development, timing to pronuclear breakdown, and timing of cleavages. The aim of this study was to evaluate if differences exist among these events when comparing embryos obtained from fresh‐donated versus vitrified/warmed oocytes from young women. We performed a prospective study with 201 embryos from 100 fresh and 101 vitrified/warmed oocytes that were subsequently fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Kaplan–Meier curves of each time period were generated, in which we observed that median developmental times did not differ between embryos from fresh versus vitrified/warmed oocytes among all the metrics assessed. Thus, for young women without fertility problems, no differences exist between the timing of early developmental milestones in embryos derived from fresh or vitrified oocytes, and vitrification does not affect the preimplantation development of the resulting embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 624–629, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genetics, cross‐resistance and synergism of indoxacarb resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Bird Lisa J 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera is a global pest of field and horticultural crops and has developed resistance to insecticides from many chemical classes. Indoxacarb is an important option for selective control of H. armigera in a range of crops that play host to this species. A strain of H. armigera resistant to indoxacarb (designated GY7‐39) was detected from the field by F2 screening and characterised by comparison with a near‐isogenic indoxacarb‐susceptible laboratory strain to determine inheritance, cross‐resistance profile and synergism of indoxacarb resistance.RESULTSThe level of indoxacarb resistance in the GY7‐39 strain was 139–198‐fold compared with the susceptible strain. Genetic analysis showed that resistance was autosomal, incompletely dominant and conferred by one or a few closely linked loci. Indoxacarb resistance in the GY7‐39 strain did not confer cross‐resistance to chlorantraniliprole. The GY7‐39 strain was more susceptible to emamectin benzoate, fenvalerate, Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab compared with the susceptible strain. Indoxacarb resistance was synergised by the metabolic inhibitor PBO.CONCLUSIONSRapid selection of indoxacarb resistance in the GY7‐39 strain indicates the potential risk of resistance development to indoxacarb in field populations of H. armigera. Lack of cross‐resistance indicates that resistance could be managed effectively by the use of rotational strategies that incorporate transgenic technologies. Synergism studies indicate the potential involvement of metabolic detoxification enzymes as the mechanism of resistance to indoxacarb. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Video see‐through augmented reality for oral and maxillofacial surgery
Authors: Wang Junchen , Suenaga Hideyuki , Yang Liangjing , Kobayashi Etsuko , Sakuma Ichiro 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundOral and maxillofacial surgery has not been benefitting from image guidance techniques owing to the limitations in image registration.MethodsA real‐time markerless image registration method is proposed by integrating a shape matching method into a 2D tracking framework. The image registration is performed by matching the patient's teeth model with intraoperative video to obtain its pose. The resulting pose is used to overlay relevant models from the same CT space on the camera video for augmented reality.ResultsThe proposed system was evaluated on mandible/maxilla phantoms, a volunteer and clinical data. Experimental results show that the target overlay error is about 1 mm, and the frame rate of registration update yields 3–5 frames per second with a 4 K camera.ConclusionsThe significance of this work lies in its simplicity in clinical setting and the seamless integration into the current medical procedure with satisfactory response time and overlay accuracy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Variants of extended Kalman filtering approaches for Bayesian tracking
Authors: Lim Jaechan , Shin Myoungin , Hwang Woonjae 
Published: June 2016

SummaryWe provide a tutorial for a number of variants of the extended Kalman filter (EKF). In these methods, so called, sigma points are employed to tackle the nonlinearity of problems. The sigma points exactly represent the mean and the variance of the state distribution function in a dynamic state equation. The initially developed EKF variant, that is, unscented Kalman filter (UKF) (also called sigma point Kalman filter) shows enhanced performance compared with that of conventional EKF in the literature. Another variant, which is not well known, is central difference Kalman filter (CDKF) whose way to approximate the nonlinearity is based on the Sterling's polynomial interpolation formula instead of the Taylor series. Endeavor to reduce the computational load resulted in the development of square root versions of both UKF and CDKF, that is, square root unscented Kalman filter and square root central difference Kalman filter (SR‐CDKF). These SR‐versions are supposed to be numerically more stable than their original versions because the state covariance is guaranteed to be positive definite by avoiding the step of matrix decomposition. In this paper, we provide the step‐by‐step algorithms of above‐mentioned EKF variants with their pros and cons. We apply these filtering methods to a number of problems in various disciplines for performance assessment in terms of both mean squared error (MSE) and processing speed. Furthermore, we show how to optimize the filters in terms of MSE performance depending on diverse scenarios. According to simulation results, CDKF and SR‐CDKF show the best MSE performance in most scenarios; particularly, SR‐CDKF shows faster processing speed than that of CDKF. Therefore, we justify that SR‐CDKF is the most efficient and the best approach among the Kalman variants including the EKF for various nonlinear problems. The motivation of this paper targets at the contribution to the disseminative usage of the Kalman variants approaches, particularly, SR‐CDKF taking advantage of its estimating performance and high processing speed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Catenary action effects on the structural robustness assessment of RC slab strips subjected to shear and tensile forces
Authors: Belletti Beatrice , Damoni Cecilia , Cervenka Vladimir , Hendriks Max A.N. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this paper, the behaviour of RC slab strips subjected to transverse loads and axial tensile forces is investigated by means of analytical and numerical simulations. The results obtained are compared to the experimental results from tests performed at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH). The prediction of the structural response was part of an international benchmark study [1]. The aim of the paper is to investigate the capability of the adopted models and their main influencing parameters, especially from the perspective of a reliable structural robustness assessment. It is known that in some cases axial tensile forces have a beneficial effect on the bearing capacity of slab strips, thanks to the development of catenary actions. Such hidden strength resources are usually not taken into account in the current design process. For this reason, validation of suitable numerical tools, able to properly predict the structural response, is useful for a reliable structural robustness assessment. The paper underlines the importance of benchmark development, especially for specimens, in which both mechanical and geometrical nonlinearities play an important role.
Development of a self‐contained carbon dioxide euthanasia trailer for large‐scale euthanasia of feral swine
Authors: Kinsey John C. , Foster Justin A. , Reitz Ryan L. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTRange expansion of feral swine (Sus scrofa) continues to be pervasive in the United States. Lethal control of feral swine is an accepted management practice throughout the nation. Indirect lethal control measures (e.g., trapping) often require euthanasia and methods used must be humane, safe, and economical. Though cranial gunshot is a widely accepted method of euthanasia, in some cases it is not safe, legal for use, or practical. Alternate means for euthanasia of wildlife research subjects are needed at the Feral Swine Research Facility on the Kerr Wildlife Management Area (KWMA), Hunt, Texas, USA. The American Veterinary Medical Association approves a gradual fill method of carbon dioxide (CO2) euthanasia for some laboratory animals and livestock species, including domestic swine. We manufactured a self‐contained CO2 euthanasia chamber on a 4.27‐m (14‐foot) dump trailer for the euthanasia of feral swine. We conducted 3 euthanasia trials of 5 feral swine during December 2014–February 2015 at the KWMA. Carbon dioxide administration began immediately postloading and commenced for 5 min at an average of approximately 18% chamber volume/minute. Recorded mortality rates were 100%. Results of this study and scalability of our system may have widespread impacts on wildlife euthanasia protocols for wildlife researchers and state game agencies across the nation. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
ALG6‐CDG: a recognizable phenotype with epilepsy, proximal muscle weakness, ataxia and behavioral and limb anomalies
Authors: Morava Eva , Tiemes Vera , Thiel Christian , Seta Nathalie , de Lonlay Pascale , de Klerk Hans , Mulder Margot , Rubio‐Gozalbo Estela , Visser Gepke , van Hasselt Peter , Horovitz Dafne D. G. , de Souza Carolina Fischinger Moura , Schwartz Ida V. D. , Green Andrew , Al‐Owain Mohammed , Uziel Graciella , Sigaudy Sabine , Chabrol Brigitte , van Spronsen Franc‐Jan , Steinert Martin , Komini Eleni , Wurm Donald , Bevot Andrea , Ayadi Addelkarim , Huijben Karin , Dercksen Marli , Witters Peter , Jaeken Jaak , Matthijs Gert , Lefeber Dirk J. , Wevers Ron A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIntroductionAlpha‐1,3‐glucosyltransferase congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG6‐CDG) is a congenital disorder of glycosylation. The original patients were described with hypotonia, developmental disability, epilepsy, and increased bleeding tendency.MethodsBased on Euroglycan database registration, we approached referring clinicians and collected comprehensive data on 41 patients.ResultsWe found hypotonia and developmental delay in all ALG6‐CDG patients and epilepsy, ataxia, proximal muscle weakness, and, in the majority of cases, failure to thrive. Nine patients developed intractable seizures. Coagulation anomalies were present in <50 % of cases, without spontaneous bleedings. Facial dysmorphism was rare, but seven patients showed missing phalanges and brachydactyly. Cyclic behavioral change, with autistic features and depressive episodes, was one of the most significant complaints. Eleven children died before the age of 4 years due to protein losing enteropathy (PLE), sepsis, or seizures. The oldest patient was a 40 year‐old Dutch woman. The most common pathogenic protein alterations were p.A333V and p.I299Del, without any clear genotype–phenotype correlation.DiscussionALG6‐CDG has been now described in 89 patients, making it the second most common type of CDG. It has a recognizable phenotype and a primary neurologic presentation.
Continuous affine processes: transformations, Markov chains and life insurance
Authors: Buchardt Kristian 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Affine processes possess the property that expectations of exponential affine transformations are given by a set of Riccati differential equations, which is the main feature of this popular class of processes. In this paper we generalise these results for expectations of more general transformations. This is of interest in, e.g. doubly stochastic Markov models, in particular in life insurance. When using affine processes for modelling the transition rates and interest rate, the results presented allow for easy calculation of transition probabilities and expected present values.
Keynesian Eugenics and the Goodness of the World
Authors: Singerman David Roth 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis article shows how John Maynard Keynes's lifelong commitment to eugenics was deeply embedded in his political, economic, and philosophical work. At the turn of the century, eugenics seemed poised to grant industrial nations unprecedented control over their own future, but that potential depended on contested understandings of the biological mechanisms of inheritance. Early in his career, Keynes helped William Bateson, Britain's chief proponent of Mendelian genetics, analyze problems in human heredity. Simultaneously, Keynes publicly opposed the efforts by Francis Galton and Karl Pearson to study inheritance through statistical biometry. For Keynes, this conflict was morally laden: Mendelism incorporated the only ethical theory of uncertainty, while biometry rested on false and dangerous concepts. This early study of heredity shaped Keynes's visions of industrial democracy after 1918. Liberals looked for a system of societal and economic management to engineer an escape from the postwar Malthusian trap. Britain's economic plight, Keynes argued, was rooted in the hereditary weaknesses of its leadership. Successful technocratic liberalism would depend on control over the quality as well as quantity of human beings. Ultimately, in his essay “Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren,” Keynes predicted that effective eugenic management would bring about capitalism's end.
ON CONJUGACY CLASSES OF THE KLEIN SIMPLE GROUP IN CREMONA GROUP
Authors: AHMADINEZHAD HAMID 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe consider countably many three-dimensional PSL2($\mathbb{F}$7)-del Pezzo surface fibrations over ℙ1. Conjecturally, they are all irrational except two families, one of which is the product of a del Pezzo surface with ℙ1. We show that the other model is PSL2($\mathbb{F}$7)-equivariantly birational to ℙ2×ℙ1. Based on a result of Prokhorov, we show that they are non-conjugate as subgroups of the Cremona group Cr3(ℂ).
Inside Debt and Bank Risk
Authors: van Bekkum Sjoerd 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInside debt compensation held by top officers of U.S. banks is negatively related to risk and risk taking. The evidence reveals a robust and strongly negative relation between end-of-2006 inside debt and 2007–2009 bank-specific risk exposures in terms of lost stock market value, volatility, tail risk, and the probability of financial distress. Banks with managers having large inside debt holdings are also characterized by better-quality assets, more conservative balance sheet management, and a stronger tendency toward traditional banking activities. The results suggest that debt-based compensation limits bank risk and risk taking by encouraging more conservative decision making.
A snakes and ladders representation of stock prices and returns
Authors: Gager Philip C. , Shackleton Mark B. 
Published: June 2016

Snakes and ladders is an ancient Indian game of chance that offers amusement as well as a metaphor for life's many ups and downs. Games offer useful and fun ways of conveying ideas as well as solution techniques and this game has considerable mathematical tractability.This note shows how snakes and ladders can be used to represent the ups and downs of share ownership and determine fair values of a multistage project that pays fixed dividends at uncertain completion times and has random returns
Limit-free derivatives
Authors: Sangwin Christopher J. 
Published: June 2016

Algebraic double roots are used by [1] to motivate the following limit-free definition ofderivative:‘A functionf(x)has a derivativematx = aiffor some valuec.’As we shall see later, ‘function’ in this definition will actually be restricted to real polynomials and [1] concludes‘We have shown how an elementary algebraic principle — double roots — can lead to a complete calculus of polynomials and related functions, without the need for a limit concept.
Get rich slowly, almost surely
Authors: Benko David 
Published: June 2016

You see a Martian walking on the street. What do you do?(i) seek shelter(ii) take some pictures(iii) introduce yourself and offer him/her/it a ride(iv) go online to buy lots of stocks.In this article we analyse the long term behaviour of stock investments.The above unusual question will be answered too. In the discussion the notion of ‘almost surely’ will be often used. An event happens almost surely if it happens with probability 1. Note that it is still possible that an almost certain eventAdoes not happen, but the probability of that (i.e. the probability of the complement of A) is zero.