bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The resource utilisation associated with medically unexplained physical symptoms
Authors: Sundram F. , Lee K. , Johnson M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPatients with medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) may present frequently to hospital settings and receive potentially unnecessary investigations and treatments.ObjectiveA sample of 49 patients was drawn and their handwritten and electronic clinical records were examined in detail to extricate all MUPS-related secondary care activity within six months of the MUPS presentation (emergency department, inpatient stays, outpatient appointments, and all associated investigations, procedures and medications).AimsWe aimed to assess the frequency and type of MUPS presentations to clinical services and estimate the associated direct healthcare costs.MethodThis study was undertaken at Waitemata District Health Board (WDHB), the largest DHB in New Zealand. All patients with a diagnosed presentation of MUPS in 2013 were identified using the WDHB clinical coding system. Their clinical records were screened to select all patients who matched the study inclusion and exclusion criteria. Standardised national costing methodology was used to calculate the associated healthcare costs.ResultsForty-five percent of patients presented to hospital settings at least twice over the one-year timeframe. The most common diagnoses were non-epileptic seizures (31%) and hyperventilation syndrome (30%). The total cost for the sample was NZ$179, 271 (mean NZ$3659). Costs were most significant in the areas of inpatient admissions and emergency care.ConclusionMUPS can result in frequent presentations to hospital settings. The costs incurred are substantial and comparable to the costs of chronic medical conditions with identifiable pathology. Improving the recognition and management of MUPS has the potential to offer more appropriate and cost-effective healthcare nationally and internationally.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
psychological experiences reported in regarding hepatitis C and use of interferon: A clinical-qualitative study in a Brazilian university outpatient service considering its possible side effects
Authors: Fahl I.D. , Costa F.D. , Stucchi R.S.B. , Turato E.R. 
Published: May 2016

Relevant emotional and behavioural reactions are associated with diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C that can impair adherence to medical management. Hepatitis C accounts for significant number of both – liver transplants and deaths. Treatment has as major component the interferon alpha, and many of patients can experience side effects that often lead to non-adherence to drug treatment and dose modification.ObjectiveTo discuss psychological meanings attributed to IFN alpha treatment's side effects and its symbolic relation with adherence or not to treatment, on viewpoint of interviewed outpatients at a Hepatitis Service.MethodData collection was conducted using the Clinical-Qualitative Method, utilizing semi-directed interviews with open-ended questions in depth, fully transcribed. Qualitative Content Analysis employed for processing data, emerging meaning cores, with categorization into discussion topics. Sample closed by information saturation.ResultsNine interviews. The analysis revealed:– coping attitude - handling the disease to have willpower; a moral feeling regarding the need to overcome the disease and treatment side effects to demonstrate “strength”, as well as to deny psychologically the occurrence of side effects;– disruptive attitude: reports of anxiety regarding to patients presenting neuropsychiatric symptoms by medication;– realistic attitude: speeches show perception of natural evolution and treatment real function.ConclusionGuilt feelings emerged regarding to difficulties of being loyal to treatment, a strongly valorative speech on being ill what must lead to “overcome the evils of life”. Health teams must understand these meanings to talk openly about human feelings on illness and treatment, promoting an adequate adherence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Does depression conciliate in marital adjustment?
Authors: Channa A. 
Published: May 2016

Marriage is one of the principal facets when it comes to interpersonal context of depression. There is evidence supporting bidirectional casual effect between depression and marital satisfaction. However the phenomenon of marital adjustment and its related variable has not been given much attention in the Pakistan.ObjectiveTo determine the frequency of marital adjustment in patients with depression.MethodDepressed patients, who were aged between 15–65 were included. Patients who had documented co morbid of substance use or any unstable serious general medical condition were excluded. The severity of depression was evaluated by using Urdu validated Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Marital adjustment is determined by using Urdu validated version of Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale.ResultOnly 8.6% were well adjusted in their marital life, and all were females. The association of marital adjustment and severity of depression and difference in both genders on KANSAS was insignificant. The longer duration of illness was positively interrelated to the marital adjustment with odd ratio of 7.6. Being employed and above 30 years of age were inversely related to marital satisfaction with odd ratio of 6.1 and 5.4 respectively. However, the correlation between other independent variables and marital adjustment were insignificant in both genders.ConclusionThis study confirms the presence of high frequency i.e. 91.4% of marital dissatisfaction in depression in both male and females, irrespective of their severity of depression.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Perceptual symptoms in the latino psychiatric patients attending inner city outpatient clinic
Authors: Gonzalez L. , Khadivi A. , Gu W. , Korenis P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPsychotic symptoms occur in a variety of psychiatric disorders and medical conditions. In addition, a significant proportion of the general population reports history of psychotic symptoms in the apparent absence of a psychiatric disorder. Reviewed literature suggests that Latino patients report certain forms of visual and auditory hallucinations without other indications of psychotic illness. In addition, it is common that some individuals with diverse religious or cultural backgrounds may present with psychotic transient experiences, which can be culturally normative.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of hallucinations and describe the nature of hallucinatory experiences in relation to cultural belief in Latino and non-Latino psychiatric outpatients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case control study of 146 patients who were admitted to the outpatient psychiatric clinic for a period of ten months. We assessed clinical characteristics of these patients and reviewed the extended mental status examination, which contained questions about various form of hallucinations and spiritual experiences. This poster will explore the prevalence of hallucinations in the Latino population and determine the percentage of patients with a diagnosis of psychotic illness. A discussion of the phenomenological hallucinatory experiences and its relationship to cultural beliefs in the Latino psychiatric patients will also be presented.ConclusionsPsychotic symptoms present differently across cultures. The Latino population is most likely to have psychotic like symptoms related to their cultural beliefs. Clinicians must understand the diverse cultural experiences and beliefs of the patients they work with to prevent misdiagnosis of culturally normative experiences.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Challenges to employment among latino population with severe mental illness
Authors: O’Connell M. , Costa M. , Gonzalez A. , Damio G. , Ruiz K. , León-Quismondo L. , Davidson L. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionUnemployment is common in persons with severe mental illness (SMI) and more in Latino population. Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services (DMHAS) of Connecticut offers a supported employment (SE) Program to help clients get competitive work in integrated settings with nondisabled workers in the community.ObjectiveCapture perspectives of key informant groups to describe barriers for linking Latinos with SMI to employment and adapt SE Services for subpopulations.MethodFour focus groups were conducted (employment specialists, case managers and peer support counselors/employers/two with clients-one in Spanish and other in English). They were conducted during January-February 2015, 70–90 minutes each one. A question guide was developed for each group. Participants per focus group ranged from 3–10, voluntarily. Two new questionnaires to the baseline pack were developed: challenges to Employment Assessment–provider and client version.ResultsThirty individuals participated. Several barriers to employment were reported. Clients and staff reported criminal record, lack of employment history and lack of motivation. Staff described client hygiene, mental status, physical health, substance abuse and discrimination. Clients, staff and employers reported language barrier for Latinos who don’t speak English. Non-adherence to medication was reported by clients and employers. About Spanish-Speaking Latinos with mental illness, medication, discrimination, previous abuse by employers, inappropriate employment, difficulties of the job interview and computer skills appeared as challenges. English-Speaking Latinos with mental illness identified transport, stability, support, keeping apartment and financial needs.ConclusionsFocus groups can help in knowledge about the diversity of Latino communities to improve SE Services and outcomes for Latinos.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Newer substances and their effects: A case report
Authors: Peñuelas Calvo I. , Sevilla Llewellyn-Jones J. , Sareen A. , Cervesi C. , González Moreno A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDue to constant flow of people in and out of Europe several drugs are now days appearing in European markets that were previously unknown. There is a need to gain awareness and knowledge about these new substances and to recognize their use and learn about their effects and management.Aims/objectivesAyahuascais commonly called yagé is a traditional spiritual medicine in ceremonies among the Indigenous peoples of Amazonian Peru. It is undetected in urine or blood and therefore it is important to understand and ask about its usage during clinical assessment.Methods/resultsThirty-six years old woman immigrant from South America came to us with auditory hallucinations. About three years ago she was introduced who introduced her to a community of Euto poeple that performed daily rituals of spiritual awareness involving the use of Ayahuasca. She became a part of it and started consuming Ayahuasca daily. She started becoming socially isolated accompanied by delusional and mystical religious ideations. She later began having persecutory delusions and auditory hallucinations that Archangels speak to her about how to create music. Patient was involuntary admitted in a mental health unit and started on risperidone. Gradually her condition improved and she stopped having auditory hallucinations. After being discharged from the hospital, patient was followed on an outpatient basis with injectable risperidone.ConclusionsDue to the blend of different cultures in Europe, it is necessary to have a better understanding about the cultures, rituals and the substances that are relatively new and are currently been used.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The characteristic of auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective and bipolar disorder with psychotic features in Iran
Authors: Zamir S.M. , Haji Seyed Javadi S.A. , Majidi M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAuditory hallucinations are perceptional experiments that occur in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder with psychotic features. Characteristic of these hallucinations may have relation with cultural factors.AimWe have done this study to understand more about content and characteristic of auditory hallucinations in Schizophrenia, schizoaffective and bipolar disorder with psychotic features in Qazvin, a state in north-center of Iran.MethodsWe used the questionnaire that prof. Romme and Escher developed in 1987 for research purposes. Sixty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective and bipolar disorder with psychotic features that admitted or attended at clinic of Qazvin medical science university hospital, psychiatry ward, were interviewed.ResultsThe 45 men and 15 women in three groups were interviewed. The most were men, single, and in fourth decade of their life. Most patients mentioned that they heard one voice. Mean age of appearing voices in patients were 19 to 29 years old. Most patients in the schizoaffective and bipolar group heard male voices and in schizophrenia were both sexes. Eighty-five percent of bipolar patients, 65% of patients with schizoaffective disorder heard friendly voices. It was 30% in patients with schizophrenia. Fifteen percent of bipolar patients, 75% of schizophrenia and 45% of schizoaffective stated that voice was hostile.ConclusionOur study has revealed that culture affected content and characteristic of auditory hallucinations. We suggested that some complementary studies will be done in future from different Iranian cultures not just people of Qazvin.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The effectiveness of various potential predictors of response to treatment with SSRIs in patients with depressive disorder
Authors: Bares M. , Novak T. , Brunovsky M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe substantial non-response rate in depressive patients indicates a need to identify predictors of treatment outcome.Objective and aimsThe aim of the open-label, 6-week study was:– to compare efficacy of a priori defined predictors: ≥ 20% reduction in MADRS score at week 1, ≥ 20% reduction in MADRS score at week 2 (RM ≥ 20% W2), decrease of prefrontal theta cordance value (RC) and increase of serum/plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) at week 1;– to assess whether the combination of these factors yield more robust predictive power than when used singly.MethodsAll patients (n = 38) were hospitalized and treated with various SSRIs. Areas under curve (AUC) as well as predictive values were calculated to compare predictive effect of single and combined predictor model.ResultsTwenty-one patients (55%) achieved response. The RM ≥ 20% W2 (AUC-0.83) showed better predictive efficacy compared to all other predictors with exception of RC. Other significant differences were not detected. The identified (logistic regression) combined predictive model (RM ≥ 20% W2 + RC) predicted response with accuracy of 82% (AUC-0.92) and was significantly better than other predictors but not RM ≥ 20% W2 and RC.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that the RM ≥ 20% W2 alone and in combination with RC may be useful in the prediction of response to SSRIs. Serum/plasma BDNF did not show strong predictive potential.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Mini-Spadin, an efficient alternate to Spadin in the depression treatment
Authors: Borsotto M. , Djillani A. , Devader C. , Heurteaux C. , Mazella J. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesWe previously discovered spadin as a new antidepressant drug concept. Spadin exerts its antidepressant actions on the TREK-1 potassium channel, a new antidepressant (AD) target. We have shown that spadin acts more rapidly in comparison to other ADs. We have pointed out that spadin induced neurogenesis after only 4-day treatments. We have demonstrated that spadin did not display side effects at the cardiac level and on TREK-1 controlled functions such as stroke, epilepsy or pain.ObjectivesWith the final goal to make spadin a drug for human clinic, our objective was to find analogs of spadin demonstrating a better affinity or a better in vivo stability or both.MethodsSeveral analogs of spadin were synthesized. Their ability to block the TREK-1 channel activity were first tested by electrophysiology on HEK293 cells stably transfected with TREK-1 channels. AD effects were measured by using the forced swim test and the novelty suppressed feeding test. Neurogenesis was investigated by measuring the expression level of the synaptic protein PSD-95 in in vitro cultured neurons.ResultsOur data allow us to identify a shortened spadin, called mini-spadin, that displayed the same AD properties as spadin and a 400 fold increase in the TREK-1 affinity. Mini-spadin increased the synaptogenesis marker PSD95 levels after only 24 hours of treatment, suggesting that like spadin, mini-spadin was able to induce neurogenesis and synaptogenesis.ConclusionsEven if further experiments are required, the mini-spadin appears to be more efficient than spadin offering a very promising alternate to spadin as human drug.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Short-term study in patients treated with desvenlafaxine
Authors: Calvo Rivera M.P. , Aguado Bailón L. , Girela Serrano B. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDesvenlafaxine is an antidepressant inhibitor of the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin (SNRI). Several publications support its efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms in the short term.ObjectivesThe objective of this paper is to estimate the effect of short-term (12 weeks) of patients with depressive disorder treated with desvenlafaxine.MethodologyThis is a prospective observational study tracking a cohort of outpatients with depressive disorder treated with Desvenlafaxine for three months. To accomplish our goal we used the Montgomery-Asberg scale performing three measurements (baseline, one month and two months after initiate the treatment). The size of our sample was 24 patients.ResultsWe found that in about 80% of patients the treatment was effective, no significant differences in relation to sex, age or treatment dose were reported. Regarding the severity of the symptoms, in the initial assessment 16% of the patients had a mild depressive episode, 70% a moderate episode and about 12% had a severe episode; while in the last evaluation, almost 46% of patients were in recovery, nearly 42% had mild symptoms, 8% moderate symptoms and only 4% had mild symptoms.ConclusionWe can conclude that the treatment with Desvenlafaxine has been effective at improving in the short-term the depressive disorder, independently of gender, age and dose administered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dysthymia. The importance of an early diagnosis and an efficient treatment
Authors: Duque Domínguez A. , Duque Domínguez R. , García Montero C. , Martín Díaz L. , Palomo Monge M. , de la Torre Brasas F. , Echeverría Hernández N. , Lázaro Redondo M.D.M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDysthymia is defined as a chronic mood disorder that persists for at least two years in adults, and one year in adolescents and children. It is important to distinguish it from other types of depression, as early as possible. The therapeutic management of dysthymia is similar to the one used in major depressive disorder.ObjectivesWe report the case of a female patient aged 45, diagnosed with depressive disorder not otherwise specified since she was 20. Her psychopathological progress has gradually become aggravated, having now longer periods of depressive mood and an important tendency towards isolation.MethodologyThe patient is admitted to the Psychiatric Day Hospital presenting with important depressive symptoms. After various antidepressants were withdrawn, lithium salts were introduced. It is then that the patient starts improving her mood.Results– Dysthymia (F34.1).– Mixed and other personality disorders (F61.0).ConclusionsIn spite of having an appropriate pharmacological, unfortunately, antidepressants improve dysthymia just in 50–70% of patients. Antidepressants resistant dysthymia cases have been studied. In those cases, it has been necessary to add lithium or thyroxine. This confirms that, when it comes to this disorder, there are many neurochemical mechanisms involved, given the positive response to the combination of drugs, notwithstanding the severity of the adverse effects.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Change your life with seven sheets of paper: A pilot randomized controlled trial for postnatal depression (CREATOR)
Authors: Nusrat H. , Batool F. , Tayyeba K. , Farah N. , Ann M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPrevalence of Common Mental Disorders (CMD) is high in low and middle-income countries. The prevalence rate of postnatal depression in Pakistani women and its effect on the growth and development of young children and child mortality is very high. Despite availability of interventions to improve maternal health, the major issue in implementation of those interventions is because of limited availability of trained health professionals.AimsThe aim of this study is to deliver CBT based intervention called “change your life with 7 sheets of paper” to women with mild to moderate PND through trained Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs).MethodsDuring first stage of this rather blind feasibility randomized control trial 5 TBAs were trained to deliver CBT. Total 36 participants with PND having child between the ages 0–12 months will be recruited from community. Participants will be assessed using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and World Health Organization Quality of Life scale at baseline and then at 3 months. Eight group sessions of CBT will be delivered by trained TBAs.ResultsOutcome assessments will be done after completion of intervention of intervention i.e., 3 months after baseline. Preliminary findings will be presented in the conference.ConclusionFindings from this trial will help us to understand how the involvement of TBAs can help in overcoming the challenge of non-availability of trained health professionals and in attainment of millennium development goals of reducing mother and child mortality.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.