bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Low Disease State and Remission in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis in the First Six Months, Comparing the Simplified Disease Activity Index and European League Against Rheumatism Response Measures: Results From an Early Arthritis Cohort
Authors: Omair Mohammed A. , Keystone Edward , Bykerk Vivian , Lin Daming , Xiong Juan , Sun Ye , Boire Gilles , Thorne J. Carter , Tin Diane , Pope Janet , Hitchon Carol , Haraoui Boulos , Akhavan Pooneh S. ,   on behalf of the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort Investigators
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo compare the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and Simplified Disease Activity Index 50% (SDAI50) response measures (RMs) and their impact on future response to treatment in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA).MethodsBiologic agent–naive ERA patients from the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort study with complete data at baseline, 3, and 6 months were evaluated. Kappa statistics were used to evaluate the agreement between the EULAR (moderate or good response) and SDAI50 RMs. The RMs at 3 months were also compared for their ability to predict low disease activity state (LDAS) or remission (REM) at 6 months.ResultsA total of 1,124 patients were evaluated. Of those, 215 patients (30%) and 294 patients (45%) failed to achieve a EULAR and SDAI50 response, respectively. There was a good agreement between EULAR and SDAI50 RMs with a kappa of 0.59 (95% confidence interval 0.53–0.66). Throughout the range of disease activity, the SDAI50 response was shown to be more stringent than the EULAR response. Multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that both RMs at 3 months were associated with LDAS or REM at 6 months, and SDAI50 had a more significant impact on this outcome compared to the EULAR response.ConclusionThere is a good agreement between the EULAR and SDAI50 RMs. Although a minority of patients have discordant RMs at each end of the disease activity spectrum at baseline, the SDAI50 response at 3 months appears to be a more significant predictor of outcomes at 6 months than EULAR response.
Temporomandibular Joint Involvement in Association With Quality of Life, Disability, and High Disease Activity in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Frid Paula , Nordal Ellen , Bovis Francesca , Giancane Gabriella , Larheim Tore A. , Rygg Marite , Pires Marafon Denise , De Angelis Donato , Palmisani Elena , Murray Kevin J. , Oliveira Sheila , Simonini Gabriele , Corona Fabrizia , Davidson Joyce , Foster Helen , Steenks Michel H. , Flato Berit , Zulian Francesco , Baildam Eileen , Saurenmann Rotraud K. , Lahdenne Pekka , Ravelli Angelo , Martini Alberto , Pistorio Angela , Ruperto Nicolino ,   for the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate the demographic, disease activity, disability, and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) differences between children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and their healthy peers, and between children with JIA with and without clinical temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement and its determinants.MethodsThis study is based on a cross‐sectional cohort of 3,343 children with JIA and 3,409 healthy peers, enrolled in the Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation HRQOL study or in the methotrexate trial. Potential determinants of TMJ involvement included demographic, disease activity, disability, and HRQOL measures selected through univariate and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsClinical TMJ involvement was observed in 387 of 3,343 children with JIA (11.6%). Children with TMJ involvement, compared to those without, more often had polyarticular disease course (95% versus 70%), higher Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (odds ratio [OR] 4.6), more disability, and lower HRQOL. Children with TMJ involvement experienced clearly more disability and lower HRQOL compared to their healthy peers. The multivariable analysis showed that cervical spine involvement (OR 4.6), disease duration >4.4 years (OR 2.8), and having more disability (Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index >0.625) (OR 1.6) were the most important determinants for TMJ involvement.ConclusionClinical TMJ involvement in JIA is associated with higher disease activity, higher disability, and impaired HRQOL. Our findings indicate the need for dedicated clinical and imaging evaluation of TMJ arthritis, especially in children with cervical spine involvement, polyarticular course, and longer disease duration.
Tofacitinib in Combination With Conventional Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: Patient‐Reported Outcomes From a Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Strand Vibeke , Kremer Joel M. , Gruben David , Krishnaswami Sriram , Zwillich Samuel H. , Wallenstein Gene V. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We compared patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with RA treated with tofacitinib or placebo in combination with conventional disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).MethodsIn a 12‐month, phase III randomized controlled trial (ORAL Sync), patients (n = 795) with active RA and previous inadequate response to therapy with ≥1 conventional or biologic DMARD were randomized 4:4:1:1 to tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily (BID), tofacitinib 10 mg BID, placebo advanced to 5 mg BID, or placebo to 10 mg BID, in combination with stable background DMARD therapy. PROs included patient global assessment of arthritis (PtGA), patient assessment of arthritis pain (Pain), physical function (Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index [HAQ DI]), health‐related quality of life (Short Form 36 health survey [SF‐36]), fatigue (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue [FACIT‐F]), and sleep (Medical Outcomes Study Sleep [MOS Sleep]).ResultsAt month 3, statistically significant improvements from baseline versus placebo were reported in PtGA, Pain, HAQ DI, all 8 SF‐36 domains, FACIT‐F, and MOS Sleep with tofacitinib 10 mg BID, and in PtGA, Pain, HAQ DI, 7 SF‐36 domains, FACIT‐F, and MOS Sleep with tofacitinib 5 mg BID. Improvements were sustained to month 12. Significantly more tofacitinib‐treated patients reported improvements of greater than or equal to the minimum clinically important differences at month 3 versus placebo in all PROs, except the SF‐36 role‐emotional domain (significant for tofacitinib 10 mg BID).ConclusionPatients with active RA treated with tofacitinib combined with background conventional DMARD therapy reported sustained, significant, and clinically meaningful improvements in PROs versus placebo.
Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 and the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Provisional Remission Definitions as Predictors of Radiographic Outcome in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trial With Tocilizumab
Authors: Khawaja Muznay N. , Bergman Martin J. , Yourish Jeffrey , Pei Jinglan , Reiss William , Keystone Edward 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveThe American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism established definitions of remission for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based on composite scores, including tender (TJC) and swollen joint counts (SJC), patient global visual analog scale (VAS) score, laboratory tests, and, in the Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI), the physician global score. Time constraints on a physician's schedule demand an easy yet accurate tool to measure disease activity. We assessed the predictive ability of the Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID3) with and without a single swollen joint versus the SDAI and/or Boolean remission criteria for functional and radiographic outcomes.MethodsData were from the Tocilizumab Safety and the Prevention of Structural Joint Damage phase III trial in RA patients. We assessed the ability at year 1 of a RAPID3 score of ≤3 + 1 SJC, RAPID3 score of ≤3 (remission) without SJC, SDAI score of ≤3.3 (remission), and/or Boolean remission (SJC, TJC, patient global VAS, and C‐reactive protein level [mg/dl] all ≤1) to predict year 2 Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) disability index (DI) score of ≤0.5 (normal), no worsening of HAQ DI score from year 1, and no worsening of Genant‐modified Total Sharp Score from year 1.ResultsAmong 690 patients, the mean ± SD baseline Disease Activity Score in 28 joints was 6.5 ± 0.96, RAPID3 score was 14.2 ± 5.51, and the SDAI score was 41.7 ± 13.01. Achieving year 1 measures was associated with good functional and radiographic outcomes at year 2. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values were 49.1%, 83.2%, 37.4%, and 88.9% (RAPID3 remission); 26.4%, 91.7%, 36.8%, and 87.1% (RAPID3 + 1 SJC); 26.7%, 90.9%, 37.3%, and 85.9% (SDAI remission); and 17.0%, 96.6%, 47.4%, and 86.4% (Boolean remission), respectively.ConclusionThe predictive ability of RAPID3 (with or without joint count) was similar to that of SDAI and Boolean criteria.
External Validation of the Lupus Impact Tracker in a Southeastern US Longitudinal Cohort With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Brandt Jennifer E. , Drenkard Cristina , Kan Hong , Bao Gaobin , Dunlop‐Thomas Charmayne , Pobiner Bonnie , Chang David J. , Jolly Meenakshi , Lim S. Sam 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo examine the external validity of the Lupus Impact Tracker (LIT), a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)‐specific, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) tool in a population‐based cohort of patients with SLE in Atlanta, Georgia. We modeled the association of LIT scores with patient‐reported measures of SLE activity (Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire [SLAQ]) and organ damage (self‐administered Brief Index of Lupus Damage [SA‐BILD]). We investigated the association of LIT scores with general HRQoL using the Short Form 12 (SF‐12).MethodsCorrelation, multivariable regression, and longitudinal analyses using general linear modeling with fixed effects were performed to investigate the association between the LIT and patient‐reported disease activity (SLAQ); patient‐reported disease damage (SA‐BILD); mental health (mental component summary [MCS] of the SF‐12); and physical health (physical component summary [PCS] of the SF‐12). Demographic trends related to the LIT were also assessed using cross‐sectional analysis.ResultsThe LIT was significantly associated with disease activity (SLAQ), organ damage (SA‐BILD), MCS scores, and PCS scores in both adjusted and unadjusted regression analysis (P < 0.0001). Longitudinal analysis demonstrated a significant association between the LIT and disease activity (SLAQ), MCS scores, and PCS scores (P < 0.0001), but not organ damage (SA‐BILD).ConclusionThe LIT is a simple, patient‐centered tool that can be used to assess HRQoL in patients with SLE. This study provides external validity of the LIT in a population‐based cohort with a large number of African American patients with a relatively high disease burden.
Validation of International Classification of Diseases Codes for the Epidemiologic Study of Dermatomyositis
Authors: Kwa Michael C. , Ardalan Kaveh , Laumann Anne E. , Nardone Beatrice , West Dennis P. , Silverberg Jonathan I. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo assess the validity of using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) code 710.3 to identify adult patients with dermatomyositis in outpatient and inpatient settings.MethodsElectronic medical records of adult patients with ICD‐9 code 710.3 between January 2001 and November 2014 (n = 511) were examined. Physician diagnosis, clinical findings, and diagnostic testing results were recorded. A dermatomyositis rating scale was assigned based on classic cutaneous findings and at least 2 additional clinical and diagnostic findings from the Bohan criteria. Sensitivity and positive predictive values (PPVs) were determined. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the accuracy of multiple ICD‐9 codes in the outpatient setting, as well as primary and secondary inpatient codes.ResultsThe sensitivity and PPV for multiple 710.3 ICD‐9 codes in the outpatient setting were 0.89 and 0.35, respectively. The PPV for primary and secondary 710.3 inpatient codes was 0.95 and as high as 0.8. However, the sensitivity of ICD‐9 code 710.3 was poor in the inpatient setting (primary 0.23 and secondary 0.26). The most common reason for failure to meet appropriate dermatomyositis criteria was miscoding as diabetes mellitus (32%), followed by diagnosis at an outside institution (19%), dermatomyositis as a rule‐out diagnosis (10%), cutaneous dermatomyositis (8%), and juvenile dermatomyositis (6%).ConclusionOne or more occurrences of ICD‐9 code 710.3 is insufficient to support the diagnosis of dermatomyositis in the outpatient setting. However, ICD‐9 710.3 codes appear to be valid in the inpatient setting.
Exercise in Takayasu Arteritis: Effects on Inflammatory and Angiogenic Factors and Disease‐Related Symptoms
Authors: Oliveira Diego S. , Shinjo Samuel K. , Silva Marilda G. , de Sá‐Pinto Ana L. , Lima Fernanda R. , Roschel Hamilton , Mello Suzana B. V. , Costa‐Hong Valéria , Irigoyen Maria C. C. , Pereira Rosa M. , Gualano Bruno 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of acute and chronic exercise in female patients with remissive Takayasu arteritis (TAK).MethodsThis was a 2‐part prospective study. In study 1, cytokines and soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors were assessed at rest and every 60 minutes during a 3‐hour recovery period following an acute exercise session in TAK (n = 11) and heathy control (n = 10) groups. In study 2, a subsample from the TAK group (n = 6) underwent a 12‐week exercise training program. Before and after training, the acute session of aerobic exercise was performed and cytokines and soluble TNF receptors were assessed at the same time points described above. Muscle function, strength, aerobic capacity, endothelial function, quality of life, and walking impairment scores were evaluated.ResultsIn study 1, the acute session of aerobic exercise led to overall similar responses on cytokine kinetics in the TAK and heathy control groups. In study 2, the exercise training program did not exacerbate inflammatory cytokines in TAK patients, while the proinflammatory cytokine TNF was diminished both at rest and following the acute session of aerobic exercise. In addition, the exercise training program increased the pro‐angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor (at rest) and platelet‐derived growth factor AA (at rest and in response to the acute session of aerobic exercise). The exercise training program improved muscle strength and function, whereas aerobic capacity, quality of life, and endothelial function parameters remained unchanged.ConclusionExercise could be a well‐tolerated, safe, and effective intervention able to induce immunomodulatory and pro‐angiogenic effects and to increase strength and function in patients with TAK.
First insight into the Neolithic subsistence economy in the north‐east Iberian Peninsula: paleodietary reconstruction through stable isotopes
Authors: Fontanals‐Coll Maria , Eulàlia Subirà M. , Díaz‐Zorita Bonilla Marta , Gibaja Juan F. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectivesThe study of subsistence strategies among Neolithic communities in north‐east Iberia, late‐fifth to early‐fourth millennia cal BC, enables a more in‐depth study of the activities and behavior of the inhabitants of this region, where paleodiets have been little studied. The objectives of this study are, therefore, to determine the diet and subsistence patterns of those communities and to consider whether any relation existed between their subsistence strategies and environmental, geographic, and/or social factors.Materials and MethodsBone samples from 25 middle Neolithic human individuals at seven archeological sites and comparative faunal samples were analyzed, and compared with contemporary series in Mediterranean Europe. Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) of bone collagen were studied to determine the dietary patterns.ResultsDietary habits proved to be similar between communities, apart from some interpopulational variations in subsistence strategies. Their diet was based on C3 terrestrial resources with a major vegetal protein component.DiscussionThe reported variations in interpopulational subsistence strategies among the compared Mediterranean societies do not seem to be directly related to the settlement region. Together with archeological data, this indicates the influence of socioeconomic factors in the Neolithic human diet. A general tendency toward a lesser use of aquatic resources is seen in this period in Iberia and the rest of the Mediterranean, as also documented for contemporary communities in the west and north of Europe. The data obtained will be important for further studies of socioeconomic patterns in European Neolithic societies.
Aquatische Ökotoxizität von Nanopartikeln – Versuche zur Aufklärung von Nanopartikeleffekten
Authors: Skjolding Lars Michael , Sørensen Sara Nørgaard , Hartmann Nanna Bloch , Hjorth Rune , Hansen Steffen Foss , Baun Anders 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDie Zahl von Produkten, die synthetische Nanopartikel (engineered nanoparticles, ENPs) enthalten, ist stark gestiegen, und damit wachsen auch die Bedenken im Hinblick auf mögliche ökotoxikologische Wirkungen von ENPs. Die Gewährleistung einer sicheren und nachhaltigen Nutzung von ENPs erfordert Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfungen und damit auch relevante und zuverlässige ökotoxikologische Daten. Während die Zahl an Publikationen über ökotoxikologische Effekte und die Aufnahme von ENPs schnell wächst, bleibt die Eignung von ENP‐Daten für die Risikobewertung fraglich. Eine bedeutende Wissenslücke betrifft mögliche Nanopartikeleffekte, wenn Testorganismen ENPs in aquatischen Testsystemen ausgesetzt sind. Diese Lücke ist wegen der großen Bandbreite von ENP‐Typen und ihres andersartigen Verhaltens gegenüber demjenigen gelöster Chemikalien in den Ökotoxizitäts‐Testsystemen schwer zu füllen. Das Risiko falsch‐negativer wie auch falsch‐positiver Resultate ist hoch und meist schwer abzuschätzen. Dieser Aufsatz skizziert einige der Tücken von ENP‐Toxizitätstests, die zu Fehlinterpretationen führen könnten. Des Weiteren schlägt er biologische Reaktionen vor, die es zu berücksichtigen gilt, um mögliche Effekte von Nanopartikeln in den aquatischen Testorganismen aufzuzeigen.
Aquatic Ecotoxicity Testing of Nanoparticles—The Quest To Disclose Nanoparticle Effects
Authors: Skjolding Lars Michael , Sørensen Sara Nørgaard , Hartmann Nanna Bloch , Hjorth Rune , Hansen Steffen Foss , Baun Anders 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe number of products on the market containing engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) has increased significantly, and concerns have been raised regarding their ecotoxicological effects. Environmental safety assessments as well as relevant and reliable ecotoxicological data are required for the safe and sustainable use of ENPs. Although the number of publications on the ecotoxicological effects and uptake of ENPs is rapidly expanding, the applicability of the reported data for hazard assessment is questionable. A major knowledge gap is whether nanoparticle effects occur when test organisms are exposed to ENPs in aquatic test systems. Filling this gap is not straightforward, because of the broad range of ENPs and the different behavior of ENPs compared to “ordinary” (dissolved) chemicals in the ecotoxicity test systems. The risk of generating false negatives, and false positives, in the currently used tests is high, and in most cases difficult to assess. This Review outlines some of the pitfalls in the aquatic toxicity testing of ENPs which may lead to misinterpretation of test results. Response types are also proposed to reveal potential nanoparticle effects in the aquatic test organisms.
Iridium(III)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Intermolecular Unactivated Secondary Csp3−H Bond Amidation
Authors: Xiao Xinsheng , Hou Cheng , Zhang Zhenhui , Ke Zhuofeng , Lan Jianyong , Jiang Huanfeng , Zeng Wei 
Published: August 2016

AbstractFor the first time, a highly regioselective intermolecular sulfonylamidation unactivated secondary Csp3−H bond has been achieved using IrIII catalysts. The introduced N,N’‐bichelating ligand plays a crucial role in enabling iridium–nitrene insertion into a secondary Csp3−H bond via an outer‐sphere pathway. Mechanistic studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that a two‐electron concerted nitrene insertion was involved in this Csp3−H amidation process. This method tolerates a broad range of linear and branched‐chain N‐alkylamides, and provides efficient access to diverse γ‐sulfonamido‐substituted aliphatic amines.
Re‐elucidation of the acid‐catalyzed urea–formaldehyde reactions: A theoretical and13C‐NMR study
Authors: Li Taohong , Liang Jiankun , Cao Ming , Guo Xiaoshen , Xie Xiaoguang , Du Guanben 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe acid‐catalyzed urea–formaldehyde reactions were reexamined in detail by using quantum chemistry method and13C‐NMR determinations. Some issues in the synthesis theory that were not well understood previously have been addressed and clarified. The identified reaction mechanisms and calculated energy barriers suggest that the competitive formations of methylene and methylene ether linkages are kinetically affected by both reaction energy barriers and steric hindrance effect. The thermodynamic properties determine that the methylene linkages are dominant at the late condensation stage. The theoretical results well rationalized the observed different changing processes of resin structures with different F/U molar ratios. The previously proposed mechanism for transformation of methylene ether linkage to methylene linkage cannot explain the structural changes during condensation, and thus, other mechanisms were proposed. The calculated results for uron explained the fact that the formation of such structure is much slower than other structures under weak acidic condition. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 44339.
Effects of butyl acrylate modified polypropylene on structural and thermal properties of foamed polypropylene
Authors: Su Lifen , Zhang Wei , Xia Ru , Miao Jibin , Yang Bin , Qian Jiasheng , Ruan Fang , Zheng Zhengzhi 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIn this work, the melt strength of PP matrix was reinforced by crosslinking‐modified PP (CM‐PP) which was yielded by peroxide‐initiated crosslinking of linear PP with butyl acrylate (BA). The nano‐silica aerogel (nano‐SiO2) worked as a nucleating agent for foaming. The effects of CM‐PP with the various contents of BA on the foaming behavior and thermal property of PP were studied by measurements of density, thermal conductivity, Vicat softening temperature and SEM. The results showed that the foamed PP got the best properties when the crosslinking PP modified with the weight ratio of butyl acrylate was 10 wt %. The density of the obtained foamed PP with uniform closed cells was as low as 0.23 g/cm3, the thermal conductivity was 0.044 W/(m K), and the Vicat softening temperature was 120  °C. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44340.