bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tropical Cyclone Genesis Guidance Using the Early Stage Dvorak Analysis and Global Ensembles
Authors: Yamaguchi Munehiko , Koide Naohisa 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
TC genesis guidance using the early stage Dvorak analysis technique (EDA) and global ensembles is investigated as one of the statistical–dynamical TC genesis guidance schemes. The EDA is a scheme that enables the analysis of tropical disturbances at earlier stages by adding T numbers of 0.0 and 0.5 to the conventional Dvorak technique. This unique analysis method has been in operation at JMA since 2001. The global ensembles used in this study are the ECMWF, JMA, NCEP, and UKMO ensembles covering from 2010 to 2013. First, probabilities that tropical disturbances analyzed with the EDA reach tropical storm intensity within a certain lead time up to 5 days are statistically investigated. For example, the probabilities that a tropical disturbance analyzed with T numbers of 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 reaches tropical storm intensity within 2 days are 15%, 23%, and 57%, respectively. While the false alarm ratio (FAR) is found to decrease if the global ensembles simulate the tropical disturbance analyzed with the EDA in the models, it tends to decrease with the increasing number of such ensemble members. Also, it should be noted that the probability of detection (POD) decreases with the increasing number of such ensemble members. One of the potential uses of these verification results is that forecasters could issue TC genesis forecasts by counting ensemble members that successfully simulate a targeted tropical disturbance and then refer to the FAR and POD corresponding to the number of the ensemble members. These would provide some confidence information of the forecasts.
Supratentorial lesions contribute to trigeminal neuralgia in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Fröhlich Kilian , Winder Klemens , Linker Ralf A , Engelhorn Tobias , Dörfler Arnd , Lee De-Hyung , Hilz Max J , Schwab Stefan , Seifert Frank 
Published: October 2017

Background It has been proposed that multiple sclerosis lesions afflicting the pontine trigeminal afferents contribute to trigeminal neuralgia in multiple sclerosis. So far, there are no imaging studies that have evaluated interactions between supratentorial lesions and trigeminal neuralgia in multiple sclerosis patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective study and sought multiple sclerosis patients with trigeminal neuralgia and controls in a local database. Multiple sclerosis lesions were manually outlined and transformed into stereotaxic space. We determined the lesion overlap and performed a voxel-wise subtraction analysis. Secondly, we conducted a voxel-wise non-parametric analysis using the Liebermeister test. Results From 12,210 multiple sclerosis patient records screened, we identified 41 patients with trigeminal neuralgia. The voxel-wise subtraction analysis yielded associations between trigeminal neuralgia and multiple sclerosis lesions in the pontine trigeminal afferents, as well as larger supratentorial lesion clusters in the contralateral insula and hippocampus. The non-parametric statistical analysis using the Liebermeister test yielded similar areas to be associated with multiple sclerosis-related trigeminal neuralgia. Conclusions Our study confirms previous data on associations between multiple sclerosis-related trigeminal neuralgia and pontine lesions, and showed for the first time an association with lesions in the insular region, a region involved in pain processing and endogenous pain modulation.
The Moral Case for Granting Catastrophically Ill Patients the Right to Access Unregistered Medical Interventions
Authors: Schuklenk Udo , Smalling Ricardo 
Published: October 2017

Using the case of Ebola Virus Disease as an example, this paper shows why patients at high risk for death have a defensible moral claim to access unregistered medical interventions (UMI), without having to enrol in randomized placebo controlled trials.A number of jurisdictions permit and facilitate such access under emergency circumstances. One controversial question is whether patients should only be permitted access to UMI after trials investigating the interventions are fully recruited. It is argued that regulatory regimes should not prioritise trial recruitment over patient access, even if this results in drug research and development delays.We describe how the moral duty to rescue impacts on others' duties to oblige patients seeking emergency access to unregistered medical interventions. The view that eligible patients are owed the provision of access to UMI regardless of their willingness to enrol in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) is defended.
Effect of home telehealth care on blood pressure control: A public healthcare centre model
Authors: Lu Ju-Fen , Chen Ching-Min , Hsu Chien-Yeh 
Published: October 2017

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of home telehealth care combined with case management by public health nurses, in improving blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. Methods This cohort study examined the data of patients with hypertension obtained from a telehealth service centre database, between July 2011– June 2012. Eligible patients were adults (≥40 years old) with both prehypertension and hypertension, living alone or in the remote suburbs of metropolitan areas. Demographic data were collected from 12 district public health centre in Taipei, Taiwan. Following enrolment, patients received an appropriate and validated home telehealth device kit for automatic blood pressure monitoring and automated modem via a telephone line or a desktop computer with Internet connection to enable data transmission between the patient’s home and telehealth service centre. Patients were instructed to upload the measured data immediately every day. The study outcomes included blood pressure and home telehealth service utilisation. Results Of the 432 patients recruited, 408 (94%) completed data collection. Linear regression analysis found an average 22.1 mm Hg reduction in systolic blood pressure after one year. The mean slope of systolic blood pressure was classified as decreased or non-decreased. An systolic blood pressure decreasing trend was observed in 52.2% patients, while 47.8% patients showed an increasing systolic blood pressure trend. Patients in the decreased systolic blood pressure group tended to be older ( p = 0. 0001), with a greater proportion of hypertension alarms ( p = 0. 001), improved self-blood pressure monitoring behaviour ( p = 0.009) and higher self-measured blood pressure monitoring frequency ( p = 0. 010). Patients in the decreased systolic blood pressure group had a higher self-measured blood pressure monitoring frequency (odds ratio = 0.95, 95% confidence interval, 0.91–0.99, p = 0. 013) than their counterparts. Conclusions Home telehealth care combined with care management by public health nurses based in public health care centre was feasible and effective for improving blood pressure control among patients with hypertension. Further studies should conduct a thorough analysis of the cost-effectiveness of this intervention. A randomised controlled trial with a longer follow-up period is required to examine the effects of the improved home telehealth device kit on the care of patients with hypertension.
Maize phyllosphere microbial community niche development across stages of host leaf growth
Authors: Manching Heather C. , Carlson Kara , Kosowsky Sean , Smitherman C. Tyler , Stapleton Ann E. 
Published: October 2017

Background: The phyllosphere hosts a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, which can play a positive role in the success of the host plant. Bacterial communities in the phylloplane are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors, including host plant surface topography and chemistry, which change in concert with microbial communities as the plant leaves develop and age.Methods: We examined how theZea maysL. leaf microbial community structure changed with plant age. Ribosomal spacer length and scanning electron microscopic imaging strategies were used to assess microbial community composition across maize plant ages, using a novel staggered experimental design.Results: Significant changes in community composition were observed for both molecular and imaging analyses, and the two analysis methods provided complementary information about bacterial community structure within each leaf developmental stage.Conclusions: Both taxonomic and cell-size trait patterns provided evidence for niche-based contributions to microbial community development on leaves.
Participant satisfaction with NHS bowel scope screening: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Hambleton Scott , Jones Colin 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the UK. The NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme commenced one-off flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in 2014. The aim of this study was to investigate patient satisfaction with the programme in a district general hospital and whether adenoma detection affected satisfaction levels. Method: The study used a cross-sectional survey design. Participants completed a Likert-type questionnaire after undergoing the procedure. Results: A total of 110 questionnaires were completed. Overall satisfaction was high (99.1%). Polypectomy was performed on 22.7% of participants, and this had little effect on their satisfaction with the procedure (98.2%). Reasons for participation ranged from family history to taking responsibility for their own health. Conclusion: The programme received positive feedback from participants and was viewed as a vital service. The emphasis on participants' experience and comfort led to an overall positive outcome.
Automatic Identification of Asian Rice Plant-Hopper Based on Image Processing
Authors: Wang Jialiang , Kang Rui , Chen Kunjie , Liu Deying , Yu Haiming 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. To realize the automatic forecasting of rice plant-hoppers, a rice plant-hopper species recognition method is proposed using the windowed data of two-dimensional (2-D) Fourier spectrum of back images of insects and support vector machine. A self-made insect image acquisition device was used in field to collect the back images of rice plant-hoppers in natural environment. According to the statistical analysis of image pixels, we chose the blue component, B=140, as the color threshold to binary the original images. The segmented and morphologically filtered insect images were first obtained, and then logical AND operation was applied to them, generating the images of back regions of rice plant-hoppers. Then 2-D Fourier transform was used to obtain the 2-D Fourier spectrum of rice plant-hoppers’ back images. We extracted the data from an l*l (l = 1, 2, …, 9) windowed data of 2-D logarithmic spectrum to describe the features of a rice plant-hopper’s back by analysis. Then we developed a classification model for rice plant-hoppers based on support vector machines. Experimental results showed that a discrimination model using the data from a 3×3 windowed data of 2-D Fourier spectrum can achieve a recognition rate up to over 90%for rice plant-hoppers. Keywords: Image acquisition, Images, Recognition, Rice plant-hopper.
Reducing the Integrated Harrington Seed Destructor Power Requirements through Chaff Fraction Optimization
Authors: Guzzomi Andrew Louis , Ryan Matthew , Saunders Chris , Walsh Michael Joseph 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Mechanical weed seed destruction during harvest is an effective method of reducing viable weed seed inputs to the seedbank. The commercialized Integrated Harrington Seed Destructor (iHSD) was developed for destroying weed seeds contained in the chaff residue exiting the harvester. Considered state-of-the-art in harvest weed seed control (HWSC), weed seed destruction is achieved without crop residue loss (burning or removal) and therefore, the iHSD is well suited to use in conservation cropping systems. However, as the iHSD is powered directly by the harvester its power draw impacts harvester performance. The objectives of this study were to determine the iHSD mill power requirements for effective weed seed destruction and to identify opportunities for decreasing these requirements. Using a torque-arm arrangement, the power requirements of an iHSD mill test rig powered by a PTO drive were measured. Wheat chaff containing a known amount of annual ryegrass () seed was passed through decreasing aperture sized sieves to obtain chaff size and seed distributions. The standard power demand to process chaff was ~54 kW, restricting the use of this system to large capacity harvesters. It was found that annual ryegrass seeds were concentrated in the chaff fraction passing through a 3 mm sieve. The power demand for processing this refined fraction was reduced by approximately a third to ~36kW. Efficient mechanical means to refine the chaff fraction to focus on the weed seed portion should be investigated. Keywords: Agricultural engineering, Conservation cropping, Efficiency, Harvest weed seed control, Herbicide resistance, Mechanical weed seed destruction,
Adipose Tissue LPL Methylation is Associated with Triglyceride Concentrations in the Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Castellano-Castillo Daniel , Moreno-Indias Isabel , Fernández-García José Carlos , Alcaide-Torres Juan , Moreno-Santos Inmaculada , Ocaña Luis , Gluckman Enrique , Tinahones Francisco , Queipo-Ortuño María Isabel , Cardona Fernando 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDDNA methylation is one of the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression. DNA methylation may be modified by environmental and nutritional factors. Thus, epigenetics could potentially provide a mechanism to explain the etiology of metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to analyze the level of DNA methylation of several lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-promoter-CpG dinucleotides in a CpG island region and relate this to the gene and protein expression levels in human visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from individuals with and without MetS.METHODSVAT samples were collected from laparoscopic surgical patients without and with MetS, and levels of LPL mRNA, LPL protein, and LPL DNA methylation were measured by qPCR, western blot, and pyrosequencing. Biochemical and anthropometric variables were analyzed. Individuals included in a subset underwent a dietary fat challenge test, and levels of postprandial triglycerides were determined.RESULTSWe found higher levels of DNA methylation in MetS patients but lower gene expression and protein levels. There was a negative association between LPL methylation and LPL gene expression. We found a positive association between LPL methylation status and abnormalities of the metabolic profile and basal and postprandial triglycerides, whereas LPL gene expression was negatively associated with these abnormalities.CONCLUSIONSWe demonstrate that LPL methylation may be influenced by the degree of metabolic disturbances and could be involved in triglyceride metabolism, promoting hypertriglyceridemia and subsequent associated disorders, such as MetS.
The exterior splash in PG(6, q): carrier conics
Authors: Barwick Susan G. , Jackson Wen-Ai 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Let π be a subplane of PG(2,q
3) of order q that is exterior to ℓ
∞. The exterior splash of π is the set of q
2+q+1 points on ℓ
∞ that lie on the extended lines of π. Exterior splashes are projectively equivalent to scattered linear sets of rank 3, covers of the circle geometry CG(3,q), and hyper-reguli of PG(5,q). In this article we use the Bruck–Bose representation in PG(6,q) to give a geometric characterisation of carrier conics of π in terms of the covers of the exterior splash of π. We also investigate properties of subplanes of order q with a common exterior splash, and study the intersection of two exterior splashes.
A maximum problem of S.-T. Yau for variational p-capacity
Authors: Xiao Jie 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Using the semidiameter (in connection to the mean radius and surface radius) of a convex closed hypersurface in ℝ
n
, n ≥ 2, as a sharp upper bound of the variational p-capacity radius where p ∈ (1,n), this paper settles a restriction or variant of S.-T. Yau’s Problem 59 in [66] from the surface area to the variational p-capacity whose limit as p → 1 actually induces the surface area.
Ein neues Konzept zur kooperativen Regelung von Fahrzeugkolonnen
Authors: Lunze Jan 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag betrachtet Fahrzeuge, die mit einem
Geschwindigkeitsregler ausgestattet sind, der seinen Sollwert als
Linearkombination von Geschwindigkeiten voraus fahrender Fahrzeuge
bildet. Es werden Bedingungen abgeleitet, die die geregelten Fahrzeuge
erfüllen müssen, damit sie asymptotisch bzw. dauerhaft zeitliche
Sollabstände einhalten. Wenn die geregelten Fahrzeuge dafür zu langsam
sind, kann ihre Reaktion auf das Verhalten voraus fahrender Fahrzeuge
durch eine entsprechende Wahl der Koeffizienten der Sollwertbildung
verbessert werden, wobei auf systematischem Wege eine geeignete
Kommunikationsstruktur der kooperativen Regelung entsteht.
Effects of Intervention on Self-Regulated Learning for Second Language Learners
Authors: Lu Yu , Lo Wen-Juo , Lincoln Felicia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe study investigated the effects of an intervention program on self-regulated learning designed for second language learners. One hundred and twenty participants who were sophomore English majors at a university in China were randomly assigned to either the treatment or the control group. The intervention was composed of six weekly two-hour training sessions that focus on five main variables of self-regulatory processes: goal setting, self-efficacy, time and study environment management, language learning strategies, and attribution. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the intervention included multiple outcome variables, which were grouped into three categories: students’ motivational beliefs, students’ strategy use, and students’ academic performance. The results of the immediate training effects on goal setting, self-efficacy, attribution, time and study environment management, memory strategy, compensation strategy, metacognitive strategy and second language proficiency confirmed that academic self-regulation is a trainable student characteristic and self-regulation training can be used effectively in a second language classroom setting. The feature of the current study design allows for systematically examining and evaluating both motivational variables and learning strategies in the context of second language learning.
Controlled drug delivery of ciprofloxacin from ultrasonic hydrogel
Authors: Ebrahimi Rajabali , Salavaty Molod 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCiprofloxacin is an antibacterial fluoroquinolone that stops the DNA synthesis, after penetration into the bacterial cells. This drug is applied in the curing of bacterial infections, as well as in antibiotics to treat urinary infections in women, infectious diarrhea and typhoid fever. The objective of the present work is to study controlled release of ciprofloxacin by hydrogel prepared by ultrasound. For this, first the swelling properties of hydrogel and then the absorption of drug were evaluated. The swollen hydrogel was dried in oven (50°C) and was ready for release experiments. During release, the loaded powder of the hydrogel was added to a buffer solution of pH 7.4, similar to human body condition. Then drug concentration was measured using a UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and a calibration curve. The results showed that the hydrogel is sensitive to pH, which makes it a good candidate for ciprofloxacin delivery in intestine. In addition, it was shown that the drug absorption is proportional with the swelling content of the hydrogel and the drug concentration in the loading process. The chemical structure and morphology of the hydrogels and loaded drug were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, UV-Vis, scanning electronic microscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis spectroscopy. According to the results presented here, acrylic-based hydrogels can be used in biomedical fields, especially for controlled drug release.
Skill-related performance in soccer: a systematic review
Authors: Aquino Rodrigo , Puggina Enrico F. , Alves Isabella S. , Garganta Júlio 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate and organize systematically the available literature on skill-related performance in young and adult male soccer players in an attempt to identify the most common topics, ascertain the weaknesses, and elucidate the main contributions of the scientific papers on this issue. A systematic review of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Knowledge database was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The keywords ‘football’ and ‘soccer’ were used, each associated with the following terms: ‘technical analysis,’ ‘technical performance,’ ‘technical activity,’ ‘technical skill,’ ‘technical demands,’ ‘technical profiles,’ ‘technical characteristics,’ ‘technical actions,’ ‘technical scores,’ ‘technical ability,’ ‘motor skills,’ and ‘skill acquisition’. From the 2830 papers, only 60 were reviewed, of which 75% had been published in years 2011-2015 and 53.3% concerned professional or seniors players (above the U-20 category). Out of the 41 papers that analysed the skill-related performance in the match, 48.8% evaluated the performance in small-sided and conditioned games. Among the 27 papers that used validated instruments, 88.9% assessed technical actions outside the match context (e.g. dribbling, shooting tests). Future research should pay attention to the definition and classification of the skill-related variables under investigation in match context and propose tests for measured skill-related performance in soccer, considering that the representativeness task design allies the players’ possibilities of action to the situation of the match.