bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Novel Candidate Targets  for Fascaplysin through In Silico and In Vivo Analyses of Shared Targets among  Structurally Similar Compounds
Authors: Park Ki-Hoon , Jung Junyang , Jeong Na Young 
Published: September 2024

Background: The discovery of new drug targets is a critical and challenging aspect of drug development. Fascaplysin, a marine natural product, has shown potential in various biological applications, but identifying suitable protein targets for such compounds remains a complex task. Purpose: This study aims to identify new candidate protein targets for fascaplysin by analyzing the expected targets of structural analogs, utilizing both molecular docking analysis for prediction and in vivo experiments for validation. Methods: We utilized a public database to classify structurally similar analogs to fascaplysin into four groups based on their scaffold structures. The predicted protein targets were organized by scaffold structure and assessed for potential binding with fascaplysin through molecular docking analysis. In adult zebrafish, we employed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to detect expression changes in downstream signaling genes of the selected candidate targets, providing a predictive measure of interaction and biological effect. Results: A total of 93 common targets were identified across all groups, categorized based on protein characteristics. The molecular binding affinities between fascaplysin and 37 selected candidates, comprising 14 kinases and 23 receptors, were quantified. Molecular docking analyses highlighted MAPK8, MAP2K1, ERBB2, and JAK3 as novel drug target candidates. In adult zebrafish, fascaplysin modulated expression changes in downstream genes of these targets. This indicates the applicability of fascaplysin in treating diseases associated with these targets, revealing promising therapeutic potential. Conclusion: The in silico analysis method used in this study provides an efficient and cost-effective way to identify protein target candidates for drugs, using structural similarities and molecular docking to make the target validation process in drug development faster and easier. Integration of in vivo observations in adult zebrafish, specifically the modulation of downstream gene expression of candidate targets, complements in silico findings, enhancing the reliability of target identification. These results not only identify specific targets for fascaplysin but also establish a flexible framework that can be applied to other compounds, potentially expediting the drug discovery process.
Anthelmintic Activity of Alcoholic Leaf Extract of Tectona grandis
Authors: Nair Devu B. , S. Sujith , Rajaselvi Divya , Sivapriya Aparna S. , Shajan Nikitha , R. Nisha A. , N. Priya M. 
Published: September 2024

Background Helminthiasis is a major concern in the livestock sector due to the immense afflictions in the production and economy of the farmer. Chemical anthelmintics are used to combat them and parasites are acquiring resistance against these drugs. Hence, the development of new drugs or alternatives is the need of the hour for combating such infestations. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of methanolic leaf extract of Tectona grandis on strongyles. Materials and Methods The dried leaves of Tectona grandis were subjected to Soxhlet extraction using methanol, and the extract was tested for its anthelmintic activity in vitro using egg hatch assay and larval motility assay. A dose of 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.625, and 7.8125 mg/ mL was used for the study. Fresh strongyle ova were exposed to different concentrations of the extract and observed after 48 hours for the hatch. L3 larvae obtained from coproculture were subjected to treatment with extract at different concentrations, and mortality per unit time was calculated. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were performed to identify the chemical nature of the extract. Results There was a dose-dependent inhibition of hatch and larval mortality with a maximum inhibition of hatch at 250 mg/mL. There was a cent percent hatch in control wells and no loss of progressive motility in the larval motility test. On exposure to the extract, the larvae progressively lost their motility, and finally, there were caesurae of movement which indicated their death. The extract at 250 mg/mL killed all the larvae by 30 min, whereas, at 31.25 mg/mL, the mortality was 66.6% after 2 hr. Conclusion The results suggest that methanolic extract from Tectona grandis leaves has a promising anthelmintic property and further studies are required for the isolation of active molecules.
Ultrasound-guided short-axis out-of-plane versus long-axis in-plane technique of Posterior Tibial Artery Cannulation in adult patients: The POTACUT (POsterior Tibial Artery Access with Ultrasound Trial) Randomized Trial
Authors: Sultana Shereen , Sharma Ankur , Mukesh Arun , Goyal Shilpa , Rathod Darshna , Kumari Kamlesh , Meshram Tanvi , Bhatia Pradeep , Kothari Nikhil , Goel Akhil Dhanesh 
Published: September 2024

Background: No research has been conducted to compare long-axis in-plane and short-axis out-of-plane techniques for ultrasound-guided posterior tibial artery cannulation in adults. This study compared these two procedures for cannulating the posterior tibial artery. Methods: This prospective randomized trial included 236 adult patients undergoing general anesthesia who required arterial cannulation. The posterior tibial artery was cannulated using either the long-axis in-plane technique (group LAIP) or the short-axis out-of-plane method (group SAOP) with an ultrasound machine. First-attempt cannulation success, the number of cannulation attempts required to achieve successful cannulation, ultrasound localization time, cannulation time, and perioperative complications in these two groups were analyzed. Results: The LAIP group demonstrated a significantly higher first-attempt success rate (40.7% vs 18.6%, p < 0.001), shorter ultrasound localization time (36.5 [30, 60] s vs 50 [35, 80] s, p < 0.001), and faster cannulation time (80 [55, 100] s vs 110 [70, 180] s, p < 0.001). LAIP group showed a significantly higher overall success rate (92.4% vs 81.4%, p = 0.012). The median number of cannulation attempts in the LAIP and SAOP groups were 2 [1, 2] and 2 [2, 3], respectively ( p < 0.001). Complications were comparable between groups ( p = 0.248). Conclusions: The LAIP group demonstrated higher first-attempt and overall success rates compared to the SAOP group for ultrasound-guided posterior tibial artery (PTA) cannulation in adult patients.
Peritoneal dialysis catheterization with an upward tunnel and exit site: An observational study
Authors: Yaxley Julian , Scott Tahira , Hakim Harris , Wilkinson Catherine , Mantha Murty 
Published: September 2024

Background: The preferred techniques for peritoneal dialysis catheterization are uncertain. Catheter implantation with formation of an inferiorly-directed tunnel and exit site is widely recommended to reduce the risk of infective complications. We aimed to compare percutaneous peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion using an upwardly-directed tract to catheter insertion using a downwardly-directed tract. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on consecutive peritoneal dialysis catheterizations over a 10-year period at a single centre. Participants were classified into two groups: catheter insertion with an upward tunnel and exit site versus insertion with a downward tunnel and exit site. The primary outcome was peritoneal dialysis catheter survival. Results: There were 247 peritoneal dialysis catheters inserted during the study period. The median catheter survival was 18 months, with no difference between the two groups ( p = 0.23). The 12-month catheter patency rates were 76% for catheters with an upward tract and 79% for catheters with a downward tract ( p = 0.15). Multivariate analysis identified no clinical factors predictive of catheter survival. A downward catheter tunnel and exit site was associated with an increased incidence of peritonitis (0.23 vs 0.11 episodes per year; p ⩽ 0.01). Conclusion: In this study, percutaneous peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion with an upward tunnel and exit site demonstrated similar catheter survival to insertion with a downward tunnel and exit site and was not associated with increased infections.
Adolescent Substance Use Disorder in Primary Care: Challenges in Treatment Referral Beyond Access Availability
Authors: Lai Benjamin , Good Jonathan , Singh Gagandeep , Deyo Meghan , Marshall Rachel , Oesterle Tyler 
Published: September 2024

Objective: Fatal overdoses are the third leading cause of death in the pediatric population. Substance use disorders (SUD) screening is not routinely done in primary care practices. Early screening and intervention for adolescent SUD could mitigate future harm. Methods: We conducted a 3-month pilot adapting universal screening using the CRAFFT tool in patients aged 12 to 17 presenting to an urban and a rural primary care practice during well-child and acute/sick-child visits. We collaborated with our pediatric addiction service to ensure access availability for further assessment and treatment for all positively screened patients; this was broadly communicated to primary care providers. Results: There was a higher CRAFFT completion rate in the urban site (90%, vs 52.6% in our rural site). The majority of CRAFFT questionnaires were completed during acute/sick-child visits in both study sites. Moreover, we found a higher positive screen rate in our rural practice (14.6%, vs 2.4% in our urban practice). Only 27% of positively screened patients had substance use addressed by their providers. No pediatric addiction referrals were made. Conclusions: Findings suggest provider-level barriers exist despite having adequate specialty referral sources and institutional encouragement. Future work is needed to explore these barriers.
Clinical Utility and Patient Compliance With Mobile Applications for Home-Based Rehabilitation Following Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Cole Adam , Parry Matthew W. , Tang Alex , Vazquez Frank , Chen Tan 
Published: September 2024

Study Design Retrospective chart review. Objectives Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) via open or minimally invasive (MI) techniques is commonly performed. Mobile applications for home-based therapy programs have grown in popularity. The purpose of this study was to (1) compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between postoperative patients who were the most and least compliant in using the mobile-based rehabilitation programs, (2) compare PROMs between open vs MI-TLIF cohorts, and (3) quantify overall compliance rates of home-based rehabilitation programs. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed. Patients were automatically enrolled in the rehabilitation program. Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were collected. Patients were separated into two study groups. Compliance rate was calculated as the difference between the number of active participants at the preoperative phase and final follow-up. Results 220 patients were included. Average follow-up time was 23.2 months. No difference was found in the change in (∆) PROMIS scores ( P = 0.261) or ∆ODI scores ( P = 0.690) regardless of patient compliance. No difference was found in outcome scores between open vs MI-TLIF techniques stratified by download compliance (downloaded, DL+; did not download, DL-) and phone reminder compliance (set reminder, R+; did not set reminder, R-) postoperatively. Both cohorts demonstrated clinical improvement exceeding minimal clinically important difference at final follow-up. Overall patient compliance was 71% at final postoperative follow up. Conclusion Despite high long-term compliance and rising popularity, mobile applications for home-based postoperative rehabilitation programs have low clinical utility in patients undergoing TLIF.
Direction of Technical Change and Energy Efficiency: Empirical Evidences at the Global Level
Authors: Rakshit Ipsita , Mandal Sabuj Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Energy-saving technical change makes it possible to substitute energy inputs for non-energy inputs, thereby determining the effectiveness of sustainable development policies. Total factor productivity (TFP) is enhanced when technical change coordinates with input mix. The present study analyzes the direction of technical change, its coordination with input mix and its association with energy efficiency at the global level and for different income groups of economies from 1993 to 2013. Malmquist productivity index and data envelopment analysis have been used to compute the direction of technical change and energy efficiency, respectively. The empirical results confirm that the direction of technical change coordinated with the input mix for all sample of economies in the short-run. This is also observed in the long-run, except for low-income economies. With respect to both labour and capital, energy-saving technical change positively associated with energy-efficiency improvements. For certain countries, the mismatch between technical change and input mix resulted in lower energy efficiency and TFP. Hence, it is necessary that the direction of technical change be consistent with input mix of an economy. JEL Classification: D24, O4, Q4
Predictors of outcomes in conservative management of high-grade renal trauma
Authors: Surag K. R. , Gali Kasi Viswanath , Shah Abhijit , Krishnakanth A. V. B. , Singh Anshuman , Goli Abhishek , Chawla Arun , Hegde Padmaraj , Choudhary Anupam 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Management of high-grade renal trauma is debatable, with the recent evidence embracing a conservative approach in the management of even grade 5 renal injuries. The study aimed to analyze the clinical profile of patients with high-grade renal trauma, assessing their management strategies, outcomes, complications, and need for ancillary procedures.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained data was performed involving blunt abdominal trauma patients with high-grade renal injuries (Grade 4 and 5) presenting to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2022. Patient data analyzed included demographics, clinical presentation, injury characteristics, complications, ancillary procedures, and mortality rates. All patients underwent renal functional assessment using an isotope renogram scan at the 3-month follow-up. Data collected were entered into a database and subjected to descriptive analysis using Jamovi version 2.3.28.

Results
The study included 45 patients with a mean age of 29 years and a male-to-female ratio of 41:4. Most patients (n = 42) were managed conservatively. Thirty-eight patients had grade 4 injuries, and seven had grade 5 injuries. Twenty-six patients suffered renal parenchymal injuries alone, three patients had renal vascular injuries alone, and 16 patients had both parenchymal and vascular injuries. Grade 5 renal injury (p < 0.001), vascular high-grade injury (p < 0.001), angioembolization (p < 0.001), and blood transfusions (p = 0.021) were significantly associated with the incidence of poorly functioning kidney in high-grade renal trauma patients managed conservatively. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed angioembolization (p < 0.001), poorly functioning kidney post-trauma (p < 0.001), and blood transfusions (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with high-grade renal vascular injuries compared to high-grade renal parenchymal injuries.

Conclusion
Conservative management is advisable for high-grade renal trauma in hemodynamically stable patients. High-grade vascular injuries are more severe than parenchymal injuries and correlate with poorer renal functional outcomes. Grade 5 renal injury, predominantly vascular high-grade injury, and the requirement for angioembolization and blood transfusions serve as significant predictors of poorly functioning kidneys post-trauma. Urologists should consider these predictors when counseling patients regarding potential outcomes following conservative management of high-grade renal trauma.
Global, regional, and national burden of intracerebral hemorrhage and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021: results from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Xu Libo , Wang Zhenhao , Wu Wenchao , Li Mao , Li Qingsong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) results from the rupture of blood vessels causing bleeding within the brain and is one of the major causes of death and long-term disability globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite having a lower incidence than ischemic stroke, ICH imposes a greater social and economic burden. To our knowledge, since the release of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) report, there has been no comprehensive update on the epidemiology and trends of ICH. This study aims to analyze the impact of gender, age, and the Sociodemographic Index (SDI) on the burden of ICH at global, regional, and national levels.

Methods
Data on the incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of ICH and its related risk factors from 1990 to 2021 were extracted from the GBD 2021 project, encompassing 203 countries and regions. Furthermore, temporal trends of the global intracerebral hemorrhage burden were assessed through Joinpoint analysis.

Results
In 2021, there were 3.444 million new cases of ICH worldwide, with an age-standardized prevalence rate of 40.8 per 100,000 people, representing a 31.4% decrease compared to 1990. In 2021, ICH caused 3.308 million deaths, with an age-standardized mortality rate of 39.1 per 100,000 people, a reduction of 36.6% since 1990. Globally, ICH accounted for 79.457 million DALYs, with an age-standardized DALY rate of 92.4 per 100,000 people, representing a 39.1% decrease since 1990. Regionally, Central Asia, Oceania, and Southeast Asia had the highest age-standardized prevalence rates of ICH, whereas Australasia, high-income North America, and Western Europe had the lowest rates. Nationally, the Solomon Islands, Mongolia, and Kiribati had the highest age-standardized prevalence rates, whereas Switzerland, New Zealand, and Australia had the lowest. Hypertension, smoking, and environmental pollution were identified as the primary risk factors for ICH. This study also validated the significant association between SDI and the burden of ICH, with the age-standardized DALY rate of ICH decreasing significantly as SDI increased.

Conclusion
Despite the decreasing burden of intracerebral hemorrhage, it remains a significant public health issue in countries with a lower SDI. Prevention strategies should prioritize hypertension management, air quality improvement, and smoking control to further mitigate the impact of intracerebral hemorrhage.
Predominant approaches to measuring pregnancy-related anxiety in Sub-saharan Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Fraga Sophia Dane , Khan Ibrahim Nawaz , Sharma Tanvi A. , Lawrence Emma R. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy-related anxiety significantly impacts maternal and fetal health in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including those within Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Most studies conducted to evaluate pregnancy-related anxiety in LMICs have utilized scales developed in high-income countries, despite significant variations in pregnancy-related anxiety due to socioeconomic and cultural contexts. This review surveyed existing literature in order to identify which scales have been used to measure pregnancy-related anxiety in SSA.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Health and Psychosocial Instruments, and APA PsycNet for relevant studies published in the English language up to March 22, 2023. Eligible studies focused on anxiety in pregnant populations within SSA, using validated scales or tools. Screening followed PRIMSA guidelines, with blinded review at the abstract/title level and subsequent full-text review. Data was extracted and analyzed to identify trends and characteristics of the screening tools used.

Results
From 271 articles, 37 met inclusion criteria, identifying 24 different tools used to measure anxiety in pregnant women in SSA. The most common tools were the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (seven uses), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (five uses), and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20 (five uses). Seven tools were pregnancy-specific, with only two designed specifically for SSA: the Risk Factor Assessment (RFA), and the 4-Item Screening Tool. Studies were most frequently conducted in South Africa, followed by Tanzania, Ethiopia, Nigeria, and Ghana.

Conclusions
This scoping review illustrates that only two tools (the RFA and 4-item Screening Tool) were created to assess pregnancy-related anxiety specifically in SSA. This highlights the need for more culturally sensitive tools tailored to the specific contexts of pregnant populations in SSA.
The clinical efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma on frozen shoulder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Wen-Bin , Ma Yu-Lin , Lu Fei-Long , Guo Hai-Rui , Song Hao , Hu Yi-Mei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
To systematically review the clinical efficacy (pain, function, quality of life) and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of frozen shoulder through meta-analysis, and provide evidence-based medical evidence for the effectiveness of PRP in the treatment of frozen shoulder.

Methods
A search was conducted on international databases (Pubmed, Web of science, Embase) and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP) to search the clinical studies on the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in treating frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis/periarthritis/50 shoulder) and their corresponding references published from inception until January 2024. Thoroughly excluded literature not meeting the predetermined inclusion criteria, extracted relevant data from the literature, and input it into RevMan5.4 for meta-analysis.

Results
This study ultimately included 14 RCTs, with a total of 1024 patients. The results showed that PRP has significant advantages compared with control groups in VAS (mean difference (MD) =-0.38, 95% confidence interval(CI)(-0.73, -0.03), P = 0.03), UCLA (MD = 3.31, 95% CI (1.02,5.60),P = 0.005), DASH (MD = -4.94,95% CI (-9.34, -0.53),P = 0.03), SPADI (SPADI Total: MD =-16.87, 95% CI (-22.84, -10.91), P < 0.00001; SPADI Pain: MD =-5.38, 95% CI (-7.80, -2.97), P < 0.0001; SPADI Disability: MD =-11.00, 95% CI (-13.61,-8.39), P < 0.00001), and the active and passive Range of Motion (active flexion: MD = 12.70, 95% CI (7.44, 17.95), P < 0.00001; passive flexion: MD = 9.47, 95% CI(3.80, 15.14), P = 0.001; active extension: MD = 3.45, 95% CI(2.39, 4.50), P < 0.00001; active abduction: MD = 13.54, 95% CI(8.42, 18.67), P < 0.00001; passive abduction: MD = 14.26, 95% CI (5.97, 22.56), P = 0.0008; active internal rotation: MD = 5.16, 95% CI (1.84, 8.48), P = 0.002; passive internal rotation: MD = 3.65, 95% CI(1.15, 6.15), P = 0.004; active external rotation: MD = 10.50, 95% CI(5.47, 15.53), P < 0.0001; passive external rotation: MD = 6.00, 95% CI (1.82, 10.19), P = 0.005) except passive extension (MD = 2.25, 95% CI (-0.77, 5.28), P = 0.14). In terms of safety, most studies reported no adverse effects, and only one study reported common complications of joint puncture such as swelling and pain after treatment in both PRP and control groups. Previous studies have shown a risk of osteonecrosis caused by corticosteroids. Therefore, the safety of PRP treatment is more reliable.

Conclusion
The results showed that PRP was more durable and safer than corticosteroids and other control groups in the treatment of frozen shoulder.

Study Design
Systematic review.

Trial registration
PROSPERO CRD42022359444, date of registration: 22-09-2022.