bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of cognitive and metacognitive factors in non‐clinical paranoia and negative affect
Authors: Sellers Rachel , Emsley Richard , Wells Adrian , Morrison Anthony P. 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesIt is increasingly accepted that paranoia lies on a continuum of severity that can be observed in the general population. Several psychological factors have been implicated in the development of more distressing persecutory ideas including negative affect (i.e., anxiety and depression), beliefs about oneself and other people (i.e., schemas), and metacognitive beliefs. This study aimed to explore the combined role of cognition and metacognition in paranoia. Specifically, unhelpful metacognitive beliefs and schematic beliefs were tested as potential moderators of the relationship between non‐clinical paranoid ideation and negative affect.MethodsMeasures from 227 people who took part in a cross‐sectional online survey were analysed using structural equation modelling. A series of models grounded in cognitive and metacognitive theory were tested sequentially.ResultsThe results demonstrated that unhelpful metacognitive beliefs had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between paranoia and negative affect. Negative beliefs about oneself and other people did not moderate negative affect but positive beliefs about other people had a negative moderating effect. In a final model, negative schematic beliefs predicted paranoid ideation whilst metacognitive beliefs predicted and moderated affect.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that consideration of metacognitive beliefs, as well as schemas, may be important in understanding non‐clinical paranoia.Practitioner points

Metacognitive beliefs may be an important determinant of negative affect in the context of non‐clinical paranoia.

The consideration of both cognitive and metacognitive factors may be helpful when working with people with distressing paranoid ideas.
Effects of N‐Glycosylation Deletions on Cypridina Luciferase Activity
Authors: Yasuno Rie , Mitani Yasuo , Ohmiya Yoshihiro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCypridina luciferase (Cluc), a secreted luminescent protein identified from Cypridina noctiluca, has two N‐glycosylation sites. In this study, we evaluated the effects of N‐glycosylation on Cluc properties by creating site‐directed mutagenic modifications at the consensus sequence for N‐glycosylation (Asn‐X‐Ser/Thr). Eight variants consisting of four single‐ and double‐residue mutants each were characterized. The producibility and relative specific activity were apparently reduced in mutant Cluc although the thermostability and secretion efficiency were not affected. These results suggested that N‐glycosylation modifications and the proper amino acid sequence of the N‐glycan binding sites of Cluc are required for the complete protein folding to form a stable catalytic center, for the proper conformation of substrate–protein interaction residues, or for both and that defects in the glycosylation modification are not related to secretion process and stability of the protein.
Defining ‘healthy’ in preschool‐aged children for forced oscillation technique reference equations
Authors: Shackleton Claire , Czovek Dorottya , Grimwood Keith , Ware Robert S. , Radics Bence , Hantos Zoltan , Sly Peter D. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveSelecting ‘healthy’ preschool‐aged children for reference ranges may not be straightforward. Relaxing inclusion criteria for normative data does not affect spirometry z‐scores. We therefore investigated the effect of similarly relaxing inclusion criteria in preschoolers on reference ranges for respiratory impedance (Zrs) using a modified forced oscillation technique (FOT).MethodsThe International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire classified 585 children into a healthy and five mutually exclusive groups. Zrs was measured between 4 and 26 Hz and resistance (R) and compliance (C) obtained by model fitting. Prediction models were determined using mixed effect models and z‐scores compared between healthy children and the five groups.ResultsZrs data were obtained for 494 participants (4.30 ± 0.7 years) on 587 occasions. Comparison of the Zrs z‐scores between the healthy children and the health groups found significant differences in children with asthma, current wheeze and respiratory symptoms, but not in children born preterm or with early‐life wheeze. Adding these two groups to the healthy dataset had no significant effect on the distribution of z‐scores and increased the size of the dataset by 22.3%.ConclusionOur data suggest that preschool‐aged children born preterm or with early‐life wheeze can be included in FOT reference equations, while those with asthma, current wheeze and respiratory symptoms within 4 weeks of testing should be excluded. This more inclusive approach results in more robust FOT reference ranges.
Sensory processing and central pain modulation in patients with chronic shoulder pain: A case‐control study
Authors: Kuppens K. , Hans G. , Roussel N. , Struyf F. , Fransen E. , Cras P. , Van Wilgen C. P. , Nijs J. 
Published: October 2017

Chronicity and recurrence in musculoskeletal shoulder pain are highly prevalent and can possibly be attributed to the concept of central sensitization. Available studies suggest a role for central sensitization in explaining chronic shoulder pain, but so far a comprehensive quantitative sensory testing (QST) protocol has not been used. The aim of this study was to gain knowledge on sensory processing and central pain modulatory mechanisms in patients suffering from chronic shoulder pain using such aQSTprotocol. Fifty study participants, including chronic shoulder pain patients and healthy controls, underwent a standardized, comprehensive psychophysical testing procedure. A static adaptedQSTprotocol (including pressure algometry, vibration and mechanical detection) was applied. Thereafter, all subjects underwent dynamic measures of temporal summation and conditioned pain modulation. Questionnaires assessing psychosocial factors were completed by each subject. No significant differences (P >= .05) were found between patients and controls based on pressure algometry, vibration detection, mechanical detection, temporal summation, and conditioned pain modulation. Moderate positive correlations (r = .5) were found between pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and the amount of sports participation. Weak‐to‐moderate negative correlations (r = −.3 à −.5) were found betweenPPTs and psychosocial factors such as pain catastrophizing. Based on these findings, we can conclude that central sensitization is no characteristic feature in chronic musculo‐skeletal shoulder pain but can be present in individual cases.
Introduction – Managing Welfare Expectations and Social Change: Policy Responses in Asia
Authors: Mok Ka Ho , Kühner Stefan , Yeates Nicola 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe question whether Asian welfare types can be classified as distinctly ‘productivist’ has remained subject to lively debates: in East Asia, the recent implementation of social rights‐based public policy innovations – including working family support – as a response to rising inequalities, welfare expectations and accelerating social change has been well documented; similarly, South East Asian and South Asian economies have featured much more frequently in comparative social policy analysis as policymakers have sought to address persisting chronic poverty, a diminishing demographic dividend and burdensome epidemiological transitions via integrating human capital formation with social protection measures. Yet, far from a unifying convergence of these social policy trends in the post‐Millennium Development Goals era, the global perspective we take in this article suggests continued variation and difference, with a multiplicity of forms of globalizations encountered and/or engendered in diverse contexts. As a consequence, variegated and path‐dependent patterns of social development continue to persist across Asian economies. These findings, in turn, address major issues of our time, for they speak to the broader question of what analytical bases and research strategies can best reveal the complexities of (and interactions between) national, extra‐national and transnational drivers of welfare formation and development under contemporary but diverse conditions.
The molecular phylogeny of Omalisidae (Coleoptera) defines the family limits and demonstrates low dispersal propensity and ancient vicariance patterns
Authors: BOCEK MATEJ , FANCELLO LUCA , MOTYKA MICHAL , BOCAKOVA MILADA , BOCAK LADISLAV 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe genus‐level molecular phylogeny of Omalisidae Lacordaire is presented for six of seven currently recognised genera. The monophyly and internal relationships are well‐supported including the taxa which were placed in other elateroid families. We conducted molecular analyses using maximum‐likelihood optimality criterion and Bayesian inference and 18S, 28S rRNA, rrnL and cox1 mtDNA markers (4038 homologous positions). Euanoma Reitter is a sister lineage to other Omalisidae. Thilmanus Gemminger is related to Paradrilus Kiesenwetter and Phaeopterus Costa. Thilmaninae Kazantsev (erected in Lycidae), Euanomini Kazantsev (erected in Drilidae), and Paradrilinae Kundrata et al. are removed from within omalisid classification due to widely overlapping concepts of generic and subfamilial taxa. Pseudeuanoma Pic, syn.n. was recovered as a paraphylum and is a younger synonym of Euanoma. Euanoma caligo (Kazantsev), comb.n., E. ionica (Pic), comb.n., E. obscura (Pic), comb.n. and E. reitteri (Pic), comb.n. are newly combined with Euanoma. The earlier classification of incompletely metamorphosed taxa was affected by the parallel evolution of morphological traits. We report on the discovery of the incompletely metamorphosed female of Thilmanus obscurus Baudi and compare it with the female of O. fontisbellaquei Geoffroy. The female is weakly sclerotised, has physogastric abdomen, vestigial elytra, no wings and simplified thoracic morphology. Furthermore, we describe allopatric ranges of ancient omalisid lineages and vicariance events resulting from geological transformations in the Mediterranean. Euanoma was split from other Omalisidae in the late Jurassic and remains restricted to the Eastern Mediterranean. Omalisus Geoffroy split from the Iberian genera in the Cretaceous and most species occur on southern slopes of the Alps and in the western Balkan. The separation of Paradrilus and Thilmanus + Phaeopterus corresponds with the isolation of the Ebro and Hesperian massifs in the Cretaceous; the fauna of Sardinia and Corsica is of Iberian origin and Phaeopterus dispersed from these islands to the Elba and Apennine Peninsula. The diversity of Omalisidae has an ancient origin, but survived till present only in the Mediterranean, mostly in Pleistocene refugia close to the sea.
Teaching Islam in contemporary America: Digital ethnography and the affective challenges of Islamic studies pedagogy
Authors: Dorroll Courtney , Dorroll Phil 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this article we address the affective dimensions and challenges of teaching about Islam and Islamic studies in the current American political and cultural environment and make two related arguments. First, we explain how the impact of certain kinds of digital media in the past few years has heightened the association of Islam with violence in the minds of many Americans, leading to a classroom affective environment characterized by the “posttraumatic” experience of knowledge about Islam. Second, we argue that the pedagogical use of digital media as a tool for ethnographic and empathic engagement with individual Muslim lives can help meet this particular teaching challenge. We show how the pedagogical employment of digital ethnography can turn the affective power of digital media into a positive learning tool, and model its responsible social and intellectual use.
Organ utilization from increased infectious risk donors: An observational study
Authors: L'Huillier Arnaud G. , Humar Atul , Payne Clare , Kumar Deepali 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundDonors with an increased risk of transmitting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), or hepatitis C virus (HCV) (increased risk donors [IRDs]) are a potential source of organs for transplant. Organs from IRDs can be utilized with appropriate recipient consent and post‐transplant follow‐up. We reviewed the characteristics and utilization of IRDs in our Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) over a 2‐year period.MethodsDonor information from April 1, 2013 to March 31, 2015 was obtained through the OPO database. Only consented donors were included. Donors were categorized as IRDs according to Health Canada/Canadian Standards Association (CSA) criteria.ResultsA total of 494 potential donors were identified, of which 92 (18.6%) were IRDs. Of these, at least one organ was transplanted from 76 (82.6%). Risk factors for IRDs included injection drug user (IDU) (12%), men having sex with men (MSM) (7%), commercial sex worker (CSW) (4%), and incarceration (24%). Fifty‐nine percent (253/429) of IRD organs were utilized. The most frequently used organ was kidney, followed by liver. Median number of organs recovered per IRD was 3 (interquartile range: 2‐5). Nucleic acid testing (NAT) was performed in 18.5% (17/92) of IRDs. Reasons for NAT were IDU (n = 2), MSM (n = 2), CSW (n = 2), and previous incarceration (n = 7). Organ utilization from donors that had NAT was similar to donors who did not (94% vs 80%, P = .29). Follow‐up NAT was done in <5% of recipients from IRDs.ConclusionsIn our cohort, IRDs comprised a significant proportion of donors. Utilization of IRD organs occurred at a significant rate regardless of pre‐transplant NAT. These data suggest that multiple factors contribute to the perception of infectious risk from such organs.
Longitudinal analysis of allergen‐specific IgE and IgG subclasses as potential predictors of insect bite hypersensitivity following first exposure to Culicoides in Icelandic horses
Authors: Ziegler Anja , Hamza Eman , Jonsdottir Sigridur , Rhyner Claudio , Wagner Bettina , Schüpbach Gertraud , Svansson Vilhjalmur , Torsteinsdottir Sigurbjorg , Marti Eliane 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundInsect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an allergic dermatitis of horses caused by bites of Culicoides spp. IBH does not occur in Iceland because of the absence of Culicoides, but the prevalence is high in horses imported from Iceland to environments where Culicoides are present.Hypothesis/ObjectiveTest, in a longitudinal study before and after Culicoides exposure, whether a primary sensitizing Culicoides allergen can be identified and if an increase of allergen‐specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E or IgG subclasses precedes clinical signs of IBH.AnimalsThirty two horses imported from Iceland to Europe; 16 developed IBH and 16 remained healthy.MethodsDetermination of IgE and IgG subclasses against recombinant (r)‐Culicoides allergens and Culicoides extract in sera taken before first exposure to Culicoides and yearly over a period of 3–4 years.ResultsBefore Culicoides exposure, there were no significant differences in Culicoides‐specific serum IgE levels between horse that developed IBH or remained healthy. Culicoides exposure induced an individual IgE response pattern (to a median of 4.5 r‐allergens) in the IBH but not in the healthy end‐point group. The increase in serum IgE levels to Culicoides r‐allergens was concurrent with the initial onset of clinical signs of IBH. IBH‐affected horses displayed significantly higher allergen‐specific IgG1 and IgG5 levels than healthy controls. Recombinant Culicoides obsoletus 1 (Cul o1) and Cul o3‐specific IgG5 was significantly higher in the IBH compared to the healthy end‐point group, before clinical signs of IBH.Conclusion/Clinical relevanceAllergen‐specific serum IgE cannot be used as predictor for IBH, whereas allergen‐specific IgG5 levels may have a predictive value.
Post‐exercise recovery of contractile function and endurance in humans and mice is accelerated by heating and slowed by cooling skeletal muscle
Authors: Cheng Arthur J. , Willis Sarah J. , Zinner Christoph , Chaillou Thomas , Ivarsson Niklas , Ørtenblad Niels , Lanner Johanna T. , Holmberg Hans‐Christer , Westerblad Håkan 
Published: October 2017

Key points
We investigated whether intramuscular temperature affects the acute recovery of exercise performance following fatigue‐induced by endurance exercise.
Mean power output was better preserved during an all‐out arm‐cycling exercise following a 2 h recovery period in which the upper arms were warmed to an intramuscular temperature of ̴ 38°C than when they were cooled to as low as 15°C, which suggested that recovery of exercise performance in humans is dependent on muscle temperature.
Mechanisms underlying the temperature‐dependent effect on recovery were studied in intact single mouse muscle fibres where we found that recovery of submaximal force and restoration of fatigue resistance was worsened by cooling (16–26°C) and improved by heating (36°C).
Isolated whole mouse muscle experiments confirmed that cooling impaired muscle glycogen resynthesis.
We conclude that skeletal muscle recovery from fatigue‐induced by endurance exercise is impaired by cooling and improved by heating, due to changes in glycogen resynthesis rate.
AbstractManipulation of muscle temperature is believed to improve post‐exercise recovery, with cooling being especially popular among athletes. However, it is unclear whether such temperature manipulations actually have positive effects. Accordingly, we studied the effect of muscle temperature on the acute recovery of force and fatigue resistance after endurance exercise. One hour of moderate‐intensity arm cycling exercise in humans was followed by 2 h recovery in which the upper arms were either heated to 38°C, not treated (33°C), or cooled to ∼15°C. Fatigue resistance after the recovery period was assessed by performing 3 × 5 min sessions of all‐out arm cycling at physiological temperature for all conditions (i.e. not heated or cooled). Power output during the all‐out exercise was better maintained when muscles were heated during recovery, whereas cooling had the opposite effect. Mechanisms underlying the temperature‐dependent effect on recovery were tested in mouse intact single muscle fibres, which were exposed to ∼12 min of glycogen‐depleting fatiguing stimulation (350 ms tetani given at 10 s interval until force decreased to 30% of the starting force). Fibres were subsequently exposed to the same fatiguing stimulation protocol after 1–2 h of recovery at 16–36°C. Recovery of submaximal force (30 Hz), the tetanic myoplasmic free [Ca2+] (measured with the fluorescent indicator indo‐1), and fatigue resistance were all impaired by cooling (16–26°C) and improved by heating (36°C). In addition, glycogen resynthesis was faster at 36°C than 26°C in whole flexor digitorum brevis muscles. We conclude that recovery from exhaustive endurance exercise is accelerated by raising and slowed by lowering muscle temperature.
Identification of Novel Antigens Recognized by Serum Antibodies in Bovine Tuberculosis
Authors: Lyashchenko Konstantin P. , Grandison Adrian , Keskinen Karen , Sikar-Gang Alina , Lambotte Paul , Esfandiari Javan , Ireton Gregory C. , Vallur Aarthy , Reed Steven G. , Jones Gareth , Vordermeier H. Martin , Stabel Judy R. , Thacker Tyler C. , Palmer Mitchell V. , Waters W. Ray 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Bovine tuberculosis (TB), caused by
Mycobacterium bovis
, remains an important zoonotic disease posing a serious threat to livestock and wildlife. The current TB tests relying on cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in cattle have performance limitations. To identify new serodiagnostic markers of bovine TB, we screened a panel of 101 recombinant proteins, including 10 polyepitope fusions, by a multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA) with well-characterized serum samples serially collected from cattle with experimental or naturally acquired
M. bovis
infection. A novel set of 12 seroreactive antigens was established. Evaluation of selected proteins in the dual-path platform (DPP) assay showed that the highest diagnostic accuracy (∼95%) was achieved with a cocktail of five best-performing antigens, thus demonstrating the potential for development of an improved and more practical serodiagnostic test for bovine TB.
Development of an Extended-Specificity Multiplex Immunoassay for Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype-Specific Antigen in Urine by Use of Human Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Eletu Seyi D. , Sheppard Carmen L. , Thomas Elizabeth , Smith Kenneth , Daniel Priya , Litt David J. , Lim Wei Shen , Fry Norman K. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTCurrent pneumococcal vaccines cover the 10 to 23 most common serotypes of the 92 presently described. However, with the increased usage of pneumococcal-serotype-based vaccines, the risk of serotype replacement and an increase in disease caused by nonvaccine serotypes remains. Serotype surveillance of pneumococcal infections relies heavily on culture techniques, which are known to be insensitive, particularly in cases of noninvasive disease. Pneumococcal-serotype-specific urine assays offer an alternative method of serotyping for both invasive and noninvasive disease. However, the assays described previously cover mainly conjugate vaccine serotypes, give little information about circulating nonvaccine serotypes, and are currently available only in one or two specialist laboratories. Our laboratory has developed a Luminex-based extended-range antigen capture assay to detect pneumococcal-serotype-specific antigens in urine samples. The assay targets 24 distinct serotypes/serogroups plus the cell wall polysaccharide (CWP) and some cross-reactive serotypes. We report that the assay is capable of detecting all the targeted serotypes and the CWP at 0.1 ng/ml, while some serotypes are detected at concentrations as low as 0.3 pg/ml. The analytical serotype specificity was determined to be 98.4% using a panel of polysaccharide-negative urine specimens spiked with nonpneumococcal bacterial antigens. We also report clinical sensitivities of 96.2% and specificities of 89.9% established using a panel of urine specimens from patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia or pneumococcal disease. This assay can be extended for testing other clinical samples and has the potential to greatly improve serotype-specific surveillance in the many cases of pneumococcal disease in which a culture is never obtained.