bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progression of Glenoid Morphology in Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis
Authors: Walker Kyle E. , Simcock Xavier C. , Jun Bong Jae , Iannotti Joseph P. , Ricchetti Eric T. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Walch defined the pathologic characteristics of glenohumeral osteoarthritis on the basis of patterns of glenoid morphology and humeral head subluxation. However, it is unclear how pathologic changes evolve over time. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are common patterns of pathologic progression based on the Walch classification in primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis and if glenoid bone-loss patterns correlate with rotator cuff fatty infiltration.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review identified 65 shoulders with glenohumeral osteoarthritis for which at least 2 computed tomography (CT) scans had been performed at least 24 months apart. The CT scans were classified using a modification of the Walch classification. The amount and location of glenoid bone loss were measured using a vault model, and rotator cuff fatty infiltration was calculated as a percentage of cross-sectional muscle area.

Results:
The initial CT scans showed 42 A-type glenoids and 23 B-type glenoids. CT scans made at an average (and standard deviation) of 74 ± 32 months after the initial scans showed that only 8 of the 42 A1 glenoids had evidence of pathologic progression (5 to A2 type and 3 to B type) whereas 17 of 19 B1 glenoids had progressed (15 to B2 and 2 to B3); this difference was significant on univariate and multivariate analysis (p < 0.001). The odds of joint line medialization occurring were 8.1 times higher (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1 to 31.4) for B-type glenoids than for A-type glenoids. Among the glenoids that underwent medialization, those classified as B-type showed more medialization over time (estimated change, 0.70 mm/year; p = 0.036), whereas no significant relationship between medialization and time was observed for A-type glenoids (estimated change, 0.013 mm/year; p = 0.95). The median percent fatty infiltration in the infraspinatus muscle was higher in association with B-type glenoids than in association with A-type glenoids on both the initial (14% versus 7%; p < 0.001) and the final follow-up (16% versus 10%; p = 0.003) CT scans.

Conclusions:
Asymmetric bone loss rarely develops in A1 glenoids, whereas initial posterior translation of the humeral head (B1 glenoids) may be associated with subsequent development and progression of posterior glenoid bone loss over time. Differences in fatty infiltration of the posterior aspect of the rotator cuff were seen between A-type and B-type glenoids, but the clinical relevance of this finding is currently unknown.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Prior Generic Arthroscopic Volume Correlates with Hip Arthroscopic Proficiency
Authors: Erturan Gurhan , Alvand Abtin , Judge Andrew , Pollard Thomas C.B. , Glyn-Jones Sion , Rees Jonathan L. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Changing trends in surgical education and patient expectation are leading to proficiency models of progression and the use of simulators. Hip arthroscopy is increasingly performed and has a steep learning curve mainly addressed during fellowship training. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of previous generic arthroscopic experience on performance at a simulated hip arthroscopy task to both estimate the minimum case numbers that correlate with expert proficiency levels and help to guide selection for hip arthroscopy fellowships.

Methods:
Fifty-two participants were recruited to a cross-sectional study. Four consultants (expert hip arthroscopists), 28 trainees (residents and fellows), and 20 novices (interns and medical students) performed a standardized bench-top simulated hip arthroscopy task. A validated global rating scale (GRS) score and motion analysis were used to assess surgical performance. Prior arthroscopic experience was recorded from surgical electronic logbooks. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted to identify optimum cut-points for task proficiency at both expert and competent GRS levels.

Results:
There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the arthroscopic ability of all experience groups based on GRS assessment and for all motion analysis metrics. There was a significant positive correlation between logbook numbers and GRS scores (p < 0.0001). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that a minimum of 610 prior arthroscopic procedures were necessary to achieve an expert GRS score, and 78 prior arthroscopic procedures were necessary for a competent score.

Conclusions:
Performing a basic hip arthroscopy task competently requires substantial previous generic arthroscopic experience. The numbers identified in this study provide targets for residents. Program directors appointing to hip arthroscopy fellowship training posts may find these results useful as a guide during the selection process.
Body Mass Index Affects Proximal Femoral but Not Acetabular Morphology in Adolescents Without Hip Pathology
Authors: Novais Eduardo N. , Shefelbine Sandra J. , Kienle Karl-Philipp , Miller Patricia E. , Bowen Garrett , Kim Young-Jo , Bixby Sarah D. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Increased mechanical load secondary to a large body mass index (BMI) may influence bone remodeling. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether BMI is associated with the morphology of the proximal part of the femur and the acetabulum in a cohort of adolescents without a history of hip disorders.

Methods:
We evaluated pelvic computed tomographic (CT) images in 128 adolescents with abdominal pain without a history of hip pathology. There were 44 male patients (34%) and the mean patient age (and standard deviation) was 15 ± 1.95 years. The alpha angle, head-neck offset, epiphysis tilt, epiphyseal angle, and epiphyseal extension were measured to assess femoral morphology. Measurements of acetabular morphology included lateral center-edge angle, acetabular Tönnis angle, and acetabular depth. BMI percentile, specific to age and sex according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts, was recorded.

Results:
BMI percentile was associated with all measurements of femoral morphology. Each 1-unit increase in BMI percentile was associated with a mean 0.15° increase in alpha angle (p < 0.001) and with a mean 0.03-mm decrease in femoral head-neck offset (p < 0.001). On average, a 1-unit increase in BMI percentile was associated with a 0.0006-unit decrease in epiphyseal extension (p = 0.03), a 0.10° increase in epiphyseal angle (p < 0.001), and a 0.06° decrease in tilt angle (p = 0.02; more posteriorly tilted epiphysis). There was no detected effect of BMI percentile on acetabular morphology including lateral center-edge angle (p = 0.33), Tönnis angle (p = 0.35), and acetabular depth (p = 0.88).

Conclusions:
Higher BMI percentile was associated with increased alpha angle, reduced head-neck offset and epiphyseal extension, and a more posteriorly tilted epiphysis with decreased tilt angle and increased epiphyseal angle. This morphology resembles a mild slipped capital femoral epiphysis deformity and may increase the shear stress across the growth plate, increasing the risk of slipped capital femoral epiphysis development in obese adolescents. BMI percentiles had no association with measurements of acetabular morphology. Further studies will help to clarify whether obese asymptomatic adolescents have higher prevalence of a subclinical slip deformity and whether this morphology increases the risk of slipped capital femoral epiphysis and femoroacetabular impingement development.
Increasing methane content in biogas and simultaneous value added product recovery using microbial electrosynthesis
Authors: Das Sovik , Chatterjee Pritha , Ghangrekar M. M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Electrosynthesis of multi-carbon compounds from the carbon dioxide present in biogas is a nascent approach towards purification of biogas. Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) cells, fabricated using different electrode materials, were operated using different electrolytes and mixed anaerobic culture as biocatalysts in the cathodic chamber under an applied cathode potential of −0.7 V vs standard hydrogen electrode (SHE). The rate of production of acetate, isobutyrate, propionate and 2-piperidinone from reduction of CO2 in the cathodic chamber of the MES was 0.81 mM/day, 0.63 mM/day, 0.44 mM/day and 0.53 mM/day, respectively. As methane was also present in the biogas, methyl derivatives of these acids were also found in traces in catholyte. It was observed that the use of nickel foam as an anode, 1 M NiSO4 solution as anolyte, graphite felt as a cathode, phosphate buffer solution as catholyte at a pH of 5.2 proved to be the best possible combination for MES for this study to get enhanced product yield at higher energy efficiency.
Biodepuration of domestic sewage, textile effluents and acid mine drainage using starch-based xerogel from recycled potato peels
Authors: Roque Francisco , Diaz Karla , Ancco Midwar , Delgado Daniela , Tejada Kevin 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Water is a finite resource. Its safety and cleanliness are highly important to meet current and future human needs. Compared to other resources, water represents a main factor to achieve development in several areas and leads to economic progress of a nation. However, in recent years, the excessive demographic and industrial growth has exacerbated water contamination. In this study, the biodepuration process of domestic sewage (DS), textile effluents (TE) and acid mine drainage (AMD) is conducted using starch-based xerogel from potato (Solanum tuberosum) peels. Results showed that the treatment is effective to achieve the reduction of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand. The most important result was the achievement of heavy metals removal for the three components. Firstly, there was a reduction of barium, zinc, and cadmium (91, 60 and 46%, respectively) for raw AMD. Secondly, there was a reduction in the levels of zinc, aluminum, and barium (89, 86 and 64%, respectively) for TE biodepuration. Finally, results showed a reduction in zinc, iron and cadmium levels (81, 78 and 57%, respectively) for DS biodepuration.
BIOSSEGURANÇA EM ONCOLOGIA E O PROFISSIONAL FARMACÊUTICO: ANÁLISE DE PRESCRIÇÃO E MANIPULAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS ANTINEOPLÁSICOS
Authors: Santos Júnior Aníbal de Freitas , De Souza Danielle Ferreira , Garrido Jorgeci dos Santos , Tannus Caroline de Aragão , Cardoso Hugo Saba Pereira , Magalhães Hemerson Iury Ferreira 
Published: January 2018

A adoção de medidas de biossegurança, associada à técnica asséptica durante a manipulação de antineoplásicos, é essencial para minimizar a exposição dos profissionais de saúde aos riscos inerentes a essas substâncias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento dos profissionais farmacêuticos quanto aos riscos presentes no processo de manipulação de medicamentos antineoplásicos e a conduta desses profissionais e dos serviços de saúde frente à análise de prescrição médica e adoção de normas de biossegurança, nos serviços de oncologia, na cidade metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, em 15 serviços de quimioterapia cadastrados no Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimento de Saúde no estado da Bahia. Foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados com 27 profissionais farmacêuticos que exerciam atividades nos Serviços de Terapia Antineoplásica. Os resultados apontaram que a maioria da população do estudo não teve acesso ao conhecimento sobre biossegurança em oncologia na graduação, apesar de ter cursado a grade curricular generalista, evidenciando o despreparo do farmacêutico para atuação nesse âmbito. Encontrou-se um profissional fortemente vinculado às atividades técnico-administrativas e pouco presente na prática clínica, principalmente associado à gestão de estoque (70,37%). Os protocolos de quimioterapia antineoplásica são complexos e os pacientes oncológicos representam um grupo especial, que necessita de cuidados farmacêuticos. Concluiu-se que é necessário adotar medidas de biossegurança e uma constante atualização técnico-científica para o melhor desempenho da prática farmacêutica.
Palavras-chave: Farmacêuticos. Oncologia. Antineoplásicos. Biossegurança. Prescrição.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA DOS ACIDENTES OFÍDICOS NOTIFICADOS EM UM CENTRO DE ASSISTÊNCIA TOXICOLÓGICA DE 2011 A 2015
Authors: Leite João Evano de Farias , Fernandes Leiliane Teixeira Bento , Freitas Junior Aníbal dos Santos , Cavalcanti Bruno Coêlho , Nobre Júnior Hélio Vitoriano , Magalhães Hemerson Iury Ferreira 
Published: January 2018

O Brasil é um dos países sul-americanos com maior prevalência de acidentes ofídicos por ano, entretanto esses acontecimentos são considerados negligenciados por países tropicais e subtropicais em desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste artigo foi traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes ofídicos notificados no período 2011-2015, em um Centro de Assistência Toxicológica. Para tanto, fez-se uma pesquisa transversal de abordagem quantitativa realizada com dados epidemiológicos registrados e documentados nas fichas de notificação e de atendimento de acidentes ofídicos. Foram coletadas, para análise, nove variáveis, e os dados encontrados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Assim, os resultados indicaram a notificação de 183 casos, sendo 19,13% relativos aos acidentes botrópicos. O sexo masculino foi o mais acometido, com 67,76%, e predominou a faixa etária de 10 a 49 anos (73,22%), tendo os membros inferiores como a região anatômica mais afetada (74,32%). A maioria das ocorrências foi na zona rural (54,10%), principalmente agricultores (26,23%), na ocasião em que exerciam sua ocupação (13,66%). Concluiu-se que é necessário o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que contribuam para o (re)conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico desses acidentes como forma de favorecer o desenvolvimento de estratégias preventivas, bem como reforçar a importância da identificação das espécies responsáveis pelos acidentes para que haja um tratamento efetivo e menor risco de ocorrência de óbitos e sequelas nos indivíduos acometidos.
Palavras-chave: Mordeduras de serpentes. Epidemiologia. Serpentes.
RISCOS ERGONÔMICOS EM UMA EMPRESA DE EXTRAÇÃO DE ÓLEOS VEGETAIS
Authors: Leal Evangileno Nunes , Lima Januário Gomes Mourão e 
Published: January 2018

O trabalho na agroindústria do dendê proporciona diversos riscos aos trabalhadores. Objetiva-se descrever os riscos ergonômicos no ambiente laboral em uma pequena empresa no ramo da agroindústria do dendê. O estudo é transversal, descritivo e de base populacional. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se o questionário. Os resultados mostraram que o sexo masculino foi o mais predominante, com 86%; a faixa etária de predomínio foi entre 36 e 45 anos, com 30%; 38% têm mais de 5 anos na empresa; 50% fizeram treinamento funcional; 62% relataram a temperatura elevada; 62% trabalhavam em pé; 70% gostavam muito da sua função; 56% não precisavam trabalhar em ritmo acelerado; 34% carregavam peso de 7 a 25 kg; 32% transportavam peso mais de 3 horas por dia; 48% faziam hora extra todos os dias; 68% não tinham pausa para descanso; 44% cansavam-se moderadamente durante o trabalho; 26% sentiam dores no corpo apenas após o trabalho e a mesma proporção relatou dores durante e após o trabalho, 20% relataram dores nas costas, pernas e outros segmentos; 14% já sentiam algum sintoma físico antes da função atual; e 48% queixaram-se de sintomas físicos atualmente. Concluiu-se que a ergonomia é essencial para a saúde e a segurança do trabalhador, tornando-o mais motivado pessoal e profissionalmente.
Palavras-chave: Riscos. Ergonomia. Óleos vegetais.
PERANAN TINGGALAN ARKEOLOGI DALAM KONSERVASI TRADISIONAL SUMBER AIR
Authors: Juliawati Ni Putu Eka 
Published: January 2018

Archaeological remains can be found everywhere. The archaeological remains in Pelaga and Belok Sidan Village, Badung Regency, Bali found in several temples and near water sources. The villagers utilize the water directly from the sources for their daily needs. Therefore, their existences become so important that they need to be conserved. This article aims to know how archaeoloical remains have a role in traditional water sources conservation. Data were collected through observation, interviews and literature study. Then they were analyzed qualitatively. The result was arranged descriptively in a text. The result shows that the variation of the archaeological remains are lingga, lingga/yoni, figurine, stambha, and building components. The archaeological remains have an important role in water sources conservation. They are one of the element of community’s religious system from the past until today, which give positive effects to the water sources conservation. Tinggalan arkeologi bisa ditemukan dimana saja. Tinggalan arkeologi di Desa Pelaga dan Desa Belok Sidan, Kabupaten Badung, Bali ditemukan di beberapa pura dan di sekitar sumber air. Masyarakat memanfaatkan air langsung dari sumbernya untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari sehingga keberadaannya menjadi sangat penting dan perlu dikonservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tinggalan arkeologi berperan dalam konservasi tradisional sumber air. Setelah data dikumpulkan melalui metode observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka, kemudian dilakukan analisis secara kualitatif. Hasil analisis dirangkai dalam bentuk teks deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi tinggalan arkeologi yaitu berupa lingga, lingga/yoni, arca, stambha dan komponen bangunan. Tinggalan arkeologi memiliki peran penting dalam konservasi sumber air. Tinggalan arkeologi merupakan salah satu komponen dalam religi masyarakat dari masa lalu hingga saat ini yang memberi dampak positif terhadap konservasi sumber air.
Advancing Pharmacy Practice Through Social Theory
Authors: Rovers John 
Published: January 2018

Although there is a substantial role for social theory in explaining patients' health behaviors, it does not appear that pharmacists commonly use such theories to provide patient care. This paper attempts to demonstrate an explicit link between social theory and pharmacy practice. The theory of structure and agency and the practice problem of poor medication adherence (MA) in patients with HIV/AIDS are used as exemplars to illustrate such a link. Factors influencing MA were identified from qualitative studies of adherence in patients with HIV/AIDS. All factors identified were stratified into one of four categories: agency related factors that facilitate MA; agency related factors that are barriers to MA; structural factors that facilitate MA; structural factors that are barriers to MA. Stratifying MA in this manner allows pharmacists to identify clinical interventions that are targeted towards the specific cause of MA problems.

Type: Idea Paper
Assessing the acceptability of community pharmacy based pharmaceutical care services in Karachi
Authors: Amir Muhammad 
Published: January 2018

Provision of pharmaceutical care services in community pharmacies is a new trend in pharmacy practice worldwide. Published literature from developed countries is available showing benefits of pharmaceutical care services provided in community pharmacies. However, relatively little published literature is available from developing countries in which unique market environments are encountered. This study was conducted to assess the acceptability of community pharmacy based pharmaceutical care services in Karachi. Pharmaceutical care services were developed and offered to pharmacy customers for a period of two months. Acceptability was evaluated with respect to enrollment of participants in the program, discontinuation, and complaints registered. The findings provide a better understanding of pharmaceutical care marketing strategies and are discussed within the context of the health care environment in Karachi.

Type: Idea Paper
Primary Care Providers' experiences with Pharmaceutical Care-based Medication Therapy Management Services
Authors: Maracle Heather L. , Oliveira Djenane Ramalho de , Brummel Amanda 
Published: January 2018

This study explored primary care providers' (PCPs) experiences with the practice of pharmaceutical care-based medication therapy management (MTM). Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six PCPs who have experiences working with MTM pharmacists for at least three years. The first author conducted the interviews that were audio-taped, transcribed, and coded independently. The codes were then harmonized via discussion and consensus with the other authors. Data were analyzed for themes using the hermeneutic-phenomenological method as proposed by Max van Manen. Three men and three women were interviewed. On average, the interviewees have worked with MTM pharmacists for seven years. The six (6) themes uncovered from the interviews included: (1) "MTM is just part of our team approach to the practice of medicine": MTM as an integral part of PCPs' practices; (2) "Frankly it's education for the patient but it's also education for me": MTM services as a source of education; (3) "It's not exactly just the pharmacist that passes out the medicines at the pharmacy": The MTM practitioner is different from the dispensing pharmacist; (4) "So, less reactive, cleaning up the mess, and more proactive and catching things before they become so involved": MTM services as preventative health care efforts; (5)"I think that time is the big thing": MTM pharmacists spend more time with patients; (6) "There's an access piece, there's an availability piece, there's a finance piece": MTM services are underutilized at the clinics. In conclusion, PCPs value having MTM pharmacists as part of their team in ambulatory clinics. MTM pharmacists are considered an important source of education to patients as well as to providers as they are seen as having a unique body of knowledge äóñmedication expertise. All PCPs highly treasure the time and education provided by the MTM pharmacists, their ability to manage and adjust patients' medications, and their capability to address patients' medication experiences. MTM pharmacists are seen as being different from dispensing pharmacists, and PCPs usually highlight that difference to patients as they refer them to MTM services. Lastly, it is apparent that MTM pharmacists struggle to explain what their role is within the healthcare team and they need to find a more effective way to explain the unique value they add to the care of patients.

Type: Original Research