bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central nervous system vasculitis: a rare manifestation of leptospirosis presenting as bilateral cortical blindness
Authors: Jhorawat Rajesh , Bansal Neha , Malhotra Vinay , Beniwal Pankaj 
Published: March 2017

<span>Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis in the warm and humid region caused by spirochetal infection.</span><span> It is an occupational disease with clinical manifestation varies from subclinical, self-limited infection to severe and potentially fatal disease.</span><span> The most frequent neurologic manifestation in leptospirosis is aseptic meningitis. Other manifestations are encephalitis, cerebellitis, myelitis, intracranial bleed, and movement disorders.</span><span> Here, we report a case of central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis in severe leptospirosis.</span>
Nutritional Deficiency Diseases in School Children Rural Areas of Mangaraipattai Village Musiri Taluk, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Maruthanayagam C. , Mahalakshmi R. 
Published: March 2017

<div><p><em>An intervention study was conducted among 518 school going children with an objective to study the nutritional deficiency disease in Mangaraipettai village. Anemia is one of the major prevalent nutritional deficiencies in the world, and more than half of the population in India is anemic, the prevalence of anemia is very high among school going children, anemia leads to poor pregnancy outcome, impaired school performance, decreased work productivity and other adverse effects comes. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of anemia, underweight, vitamin A deficiency, parasite infection, dental caries, stunting growth and some social factor including drinking water sources, intake of leafy vegetable among school going children 4 year old to 14 years of age, and the results found was 74.5% of students are anemia. The other results were discussed.</em></p></div>
Preventing Leaks Through RUL Prediction Modeling: Casing Integrity in HP/HT Environment
Authors: Das Bibek 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Maintaining well integrity and preventing loss of containment is of prime importance and is achieved through effective and efficient operation of primary and secondary barriers. This paper's subject of study is the reliability of such a barrier – the production casing. In HPHT environment the casings are exposed to different types of loads. At the same time the casing is also subjected to corrosive conditions which results in thickness reduction of casing and reduction in capacity to withstand the loads. This paper proposes a model to assess the impact on casing integrity due to such loads and corrosive actions that the casings are subjected to in HPHT conditions. The model predicts Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of the casings.
The major loads in HPHT conditions can be attributed to: (i) heat transfer between hot fluid and casing leading to lateral expansion/contraction loads in response to the temperature changes of the fluid; (ii) high collapse pressure due to high formation pressure; and (iii) tensile loads due to the buoyed weight.
In this paper, a numerical model is developed to analyze the mechanism of casing failures in HPHT wells. The interactions between the casing and surrounding formation are simulated, and effects of tribocorrosion on the casing are also considered. Tribocorrosion is the process of degradation of a material resulting from a sequential process of (i) mechanical wear (due to sliding, friction, or impact) followed by (ii) a corrosive action of the surrounding environment. The model includes simulating casing wear due to drilling, and enhanced degradation due to high temperature and sour conditions in the well.
The integrity issues can be predicted in advance, and procedures can be implemented to maintain the barrier integrity, reliability and thus prevent any fluid leakage. The paper presents a unique approach to predict the remaining useful life of a well barrier. The prediction is not solely based on statistical modeling but also incorporates barrier engineering and physics of failure in the model.
CO2 Plume Characterization Using Pressure Arrival Time
Authors: Tran Nam H. , Zeidouni Mehdi 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
CO2 geological storage is a promising method to cut CO2 atmospheric emissions. Determining the extent of the injected CO2 plume within a target storage formation has direct implications for the safety of the CO2 storage project as it determines the area of CO2 exposure. In this study, a pressure interference test is introduced to characterize the CO2 plume in the reservoir. For a given CO2 plume, water is injected at the injection well and pressure interference signal (and its arrival time) is obtained at several observation wells inside/outside of the plume. We utilize an analytical expression to determine multi-phase diffusivity coefficient from numerical simulation results. The relationship between travel time and diffusivity coefficient is expressed as a line integral to obtain the pressure arrival time. We introduce a method to invert the arrival time in the synthetic pressure interference data in order to estimate the average gas saturation. It is shown that when inverting the arrival time from the numerical simulation to find the average CO2-rich (gaseous) phase saturation, the percent error was high, but the actual change in gaseous saturation was small, showing strong potential to be applied to the field. Complexities were added to the system such as anisotropy and heterogeneity in two- and three-dimensional systems. Observation wells were located co-linear to the injection well, so anisotropy had minimal effect on the permeability used for calculations.
Decision Risk Analysis to Evaluate Uncertainty on the Percentage of Sharing Between Oil Companies and Government at Brazilian Production Sharing Contracts
Authors: Nascimento J. H. , Schiozer D. J. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The motivation for this study is the expected intensification of bid rounds for Brazilian Pre-salt, while adopting the Production Sharing Contracts (PSC). The objective of this work is to present a risk analysis of key parameters (average well production and price) that determine the percentage of surplus in Oil for the Government at PSC, in Brazil. The percentage of sharing offered is been used to choose the winner in the Bid Round of Pre-salt areas, as in Libra.
Based on the production history of 39 wells since 2009 of two Pre-salt fields, a frequency distribution for production per well is analyzed. The process to perform the risk analysis included, first, the identification of the variability of the well production in Brazilian Pre-salt, showing key issues by field, by location in the reservoir. Further, a probabilistic function of the average production per well is estimated, as well as the average decline rate of well production is calculated to be used in the forecast of production curve per year for a typical module/FPSO, considering 12 wells starting production in an chronogram that optimizes a 150 Mbbl/day FPSO capacity.
The values estimated from probabilistic functions of petroleum price and production per well are used to determine production sharing percentage, applying the same process used in the Bid round of Libra's block (Brazil, 2013). The probabilistic function of petroleum price is based on estimates of specialized Institutes.
Through a Monte Carlo simulation, using random choices of (i) average well production and (ii) price, it is generated a probabilistic distribution of the percentage of surplus in Oil for the Government at PSC for Brazil.
The results of this work may be used in future studies of the fiscal system of PSC in Brazil, to make a risk analysis of the offer to be done in the Bid Round of Pre-salt Fields in Brazil.
Integrated Water Injection Analysis for a Giant Brown Field
Authors: Ortega A. , Renna S. , Fanello G. , Callegaro C. , Bergamo I. , Yehia O. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Rejuvenation of mature assets plays a crucial role in current low oil price scenario, allowing improving production with limited investments and risks. Nevertheless, brown field rejuvenation is often very demanding in terms of complex integrated reservoir studies, mainly due to the huge mass, heterogeneity and reliability of available data. In this context, it is crucial to shortly identify the key parameters that allow to robustly detect the main flow paths in the reservoir, their current status and any possible optimization.
An integrated workflow is proposed for brown fields where oil production is mainly driven by water injection. Produced water salinity plays a key role, acting as natural tracer whenever a huge contrast in salinity exists between formation and injected water. Production and geological data throughout all the different field deployment phases are deeply integrated. The outcomes are conceptual models where the evolution of fluid paths in time is clearly identified, providing a valuable support for both validating the geological vision of the reservoir and driving the dynamic model history match. Once the 3D model is available, streamline analysis is performed to verify its robustness, compute the efficiency of the current injection scheme and drive the deployment strategy optimization.
This paper is focused on a mature Egyptian field characterized by an extremely complex heterogeneity, more than 60 years of production and about 500 wells drilled. The field is undergoing a rejuvenation process including water injection optimization and chemical EOR. Despite the amount of data, some uncertainty in the field behavior is still present, mainly due to the high impact of commingle production.
Due to ESP well completions and similar oil characteristics in all layers, both PLTs and geochemical analysis could provide only a marginal support to the analysis. In this context, the proposed workflow allowed detecting the main connections without any additional data collection, thus reducing costs and timing.
The results of the analysis improved the understanding of some critical aspects both on static and dynamic sides: validation of fluid contacts, well integrity issues, aquifer support, faults impact and commingle contributions. The results achieved show that in a framework characterized by the presence of a huge number of measured data, a systematic approach for their analysis and interpretation can help in extrapolating the main fluid paths from the complexity of brown reservoirs and thus providing a valuable support to speed up and optimize fields analysis and rejuvenation.
Introduction of new datasets of drought indices based on multivariate methods in semi-arid regions
Authors: Chitsaz Nastaran , Hosseini-Moghari Seyed-Mohammad 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Drought is a slow and creeping worldwide phenomenon which has adversely affected arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Drought indices like Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) offer quantitative methods for combating probable consequences of drought. In this article, the results of the drought indices trend showed that the case study suffers from hydrological drought more than meteorological drought. The correlation analysis between hydrological and meteorological drought was assessed in monthly and seasonal time scales. To this end, some multivariate techniques were used to summarize the SPI and SDI series of all stations into one new dataset. Three assessment criteria involving higher correlation among drought indices, higher eigenvalue in expansion coefficients, and following fluctuation and variation of original data were used to find the best new datasets and the best multivariate method. Results asserted the superiority of singular value decomposition (SVD) over other multivariate methods. EC1 in the SVD method was able to justify about 80% of the variability in drought indices for monthly time scales, as well as summer and spring for seasonal time series, which followed all fluctuations in original datasets. Therefore, the SVD method is recommended for aggregating drought indices.
Pembelajaran partisipatif keterampilan berwirausaha untuk pemberdayaan ekonomi warga belajar kejar paket C
Authors: Hidayat Dayat 
Published: March 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis data tentang kondisi empiris, proses, dan dampak pembelajaran partisipatif model keterampilan fungsional berwirausaha untuk pemberdayaan ekonomi warga belajar Kejar Paket C. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam (indepth interview), dan analisis dokumen. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui koleksi data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan pengambilan kesimpulan serta verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi pembelajaran partisipatif model keterampilan fungsional berwirausaha Kejar Paket C yang diikuti 20 orang warga belajar berjalan dengan baik. Proses pembelajaran partisipatif keterampilan berwirausaha melibatkan warga belajar dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan penilaian untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap kewirausahaan. Pembelajaran partisipatif keterampilan berwirausaha Kejar Paket C telah memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan berwirausaha warga belajar untuk meningkatkan kemandirian ekonomi keluarganya.Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Partisipatif, Keterampilan Fungsional Berwirausaha, Pemberdayaan Ekonomi. Participatory Learning with Enterpreneurial Skills for the Economic Empowerment of Kejar Paket C LearnersAbstractThis study is aimed at analyzing the data of empirical conditions, process, and the impact of participatory learning with enterpreneurial functional skills model for economical empowerment of Kejar Paket C learners. The study was conducted qualitatively with a case study method. The data collection techniques involved observation, interview and document analysis. The data were obtained through data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results of this study showed that the condition of participatory learning with enterpreneurial functional skills model followed by twenty learners of Kejar Paket C run properly. The participatory learning process of entrepreneurial skills engaged the learners in the planning, implementation, and assessment to improve their entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and attitudes. Participatory learning of entrepreneurial skills at Kejar Packet C has an impact on enhancing the learners’ enterpreneurial knowledge, attitudes and skills to increase their economic independence.Keywords: Partisipatiory Learning, Enterpernerial Skills, Economic Empowerment.
Spine Trabecular Bone Score as an Indicator of Bone Microarchitecture at the Peripheral Skeleton in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Luckman Matthew , Hans Didier , Cortez Natalia , Nishiyama Kyle K. , Agarawal Sanchita , Zhang Chengchen , Nikkel Lucas , Iyer Sapna , Fusaro Maria , Guo Edward X. , McMahon Donald J. , Shane Elizabeth , Nickolas Thomas L. 
Published: March 2017

Background and objectives
Studies using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography showed progressive abnormalities in cortical and trabecular microarchitecture and biomechanical competence over the first year after kidney transplantation. However, high-resolution peripheral computed tomography is a research tool lacking wide availability. In contrast, the trabecular bone score is a novel and widely available tool that uses gray-scale variograms of the spine image from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to assess trabecular quality. There are no studies assessing whether trabecular bone score characterizes bone quality in kidney transplant recipients.

Design, settings, participants, & measurements
Between 2009 and 2010, we conducted a study to assess changes in peripheral skeletal microarchitecture, measured by high-resolution peripheral computed tomography, during the first year after transplantation in 47 patients managed with early corticosteroid–withdrawal immunosuppression. All adult first-time transplant candidates were eligible. Patients underwent imaging with high-resolution peripheral computed tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry pretransplantation and 3, 6, and 12 months post-transplantation. We now test if, during the first year after transplantation, trabecular bone score assesses the evolution of bone microarchitecture and biomechanical competence as determined by high-resolution peripheral computed tomography.

Results
At baseline and follow-up, among the 72% and 78%, respectively, of patients having normal bone mineral density by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, 53% and 50%, respectively, were classified by trabecular bone score as having high fracture risk. At baseline, trabecular bone score correlated with spine, hip, and ultradistal radius bone mineral density by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and cortical area, density, thickness, and porosity; trabecular density, thickness, separation, and heterogeneity; and stiffness and failure load by high-resolution peripheral computed tomography. Longitudinally, each percentage increase in trabecular bone score was associated with increases in trabecular number (0.35%±1.4%); decreases in trabecular thickness (−0.45%±0.15%), separation (−0.40%±0.15%), and network heterogeneity (−0.48%±0.20%); and increases in failure load (0.22%±0.09%) by high-resolution peripheral computed tomography (all P<0.05).

Conclusions
Trabecular bone score may be a useful method to assess and monitor bone quality and strength and classify fracture risk in kidney transplant recipients.
Valoraciones agronómicas y de rendimiento en la cosecha de “papa china” (Colocasia esculenta L.) en el trópico húmedo colombiano
Authors: Ararat Orozco Milton Cesar , Sinisterra Garcés Carmen Lucia , Hernández Rivera Carolina 
Published: March 2017

<p>La “papa china” (Colocasia esculenta L.), perteneciente a la familia arácea, es una planta que se produce en condiciones ambientales del trópico húmedo en la región pacifica del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. El objetivo de esta investigación fue valorar agronómicamente la cosecha en dos fincas del municipio de Buenaventura (Valle del Cauca). Los parámetros fisiológicos estimados fueron: área foliar, número de brotes, número de hojas, número de pseudotallos. Las variables de rendimiento fueron biomasa del tubérculo y materia seca total al momento de la cosecha. El muestreo se realizó al azar a los 7 meses de edad del cultivo tomando 60 muestras para los componentes fisiológicos y 20, para las variables de rendimiento. Los datos se analizaron con el paquete estadístico SAS; Se identificó mayor número de especies de vocación agroforestal en la finca B (La Vega) y alta frecuencia de arvenses en la finca A (La Princesa); En las variables físicas y químicas del suelo se reflejó una tendencia a la acidez y alto contenido de arcillas; Según la prueba de comparación de promedios se presentaron diferencias significativas en área foliar para la finca B con 965.08 cm2, en el rendimiento el volumen de tubérculos fue mayor para la finca B (2419.1cm3), al igual que el peso fresco con 1387,9 g) y peso del tubérculo sin cascara (1155,2 g). El porcentaje de materia seca total obtenido tanto para la finca A como para la finca B fue de 39%. Esto resultados indican que los mayores rendimientos fueron para la finca B, por encima de otros reportes de la zona y de otras regiones del mundo, dando importancia al manejo agronómico del control de arvenses, deshoje del cultivo, densidad de siembra y forma de cosecha de un recurso fitogenético con potencial uso agroforestal y agroindustrial.</p><p> </p>
Valoración ecosistémica a partir del uso de métricas de paisaje aplicando sistemas de información geográfica en cultivos de palma africana
Authors: Ramírez Cano Claudia Mayelly 
Published: March 2017

La valoración del paisaje es una herramienta que contribuye en los procesos de gestión y planificación mediante la generación de indicadores que permiten caracterizar las condiciones del territorio. En esta investigación se analizaron las métricas de paisaje a partir de<em>:</em> área de la clase (CA), área total del paisaje (TA), porcentaje del área total del paisaje (PLAND), número de parches de la clase (NP) y densidad de parches (PD), relación área-perímetro promedio (MPAR), índice de diversidad de Shannon (SDI) e índice de equitatividad de Shannon <em> (SEI) </em>y la valoración se realizó con la adaptación metodológica de<em> </em>los autores Paula Másmela y Alejandro Gómez, dicha adaptación permitió discernir sobre las características y calidad del paisaje en el municipio de Puerto Wilches, Santander, Colombia, durante el periodo entre 1987 y 2015. La valoración paisajística se realizó a partir de imágenes de satélite mediante análisis multitemporal de las coberturas para cuantificar y caracterizar las transformaciones paisajísticas dadas en el territorio. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que en el año 1987 el paisaje era más dinámico, constituido por variedad de coberturas y ecosistemas; mientras en 2015 existe una implementación a gran escala del monocultivo de palma africana que rompe con la estructura paisajística, sin embargo, el resultado de calidad visual arrojó clasificación media, que evidencia la importancia de realizar una revisión a fondo sobre las actuales políticas de ordenación del territorio.
Estructura y composición florística del bosque ribereño subandino de la subcuenca de Yumbillo, Yumbo (Valle del Cauca)
Authors: Chaves Campo Carlos Gustavo , Rodríguez Espinosa Shirley Andrea 
Published: March 2017

Se analizaron la estructura y la composición florística del bosque ripario subandino en la subcuenca del río Yumbillo, Municipio de Yumbo (Valle del Cauca), vertiente oriental de la Cordillera Occidental de los Andes, Colombia. Mediante 20 parcelas de 100 m2, en el rango altitudinal 1500-2235 msnm se registraron datos de individuos con diámetros a la altura del pecho (DAP) 10 cm, composición florística y estructura vertical y horizontal, mediante cálculo de abundancia, frecuencia, dominancia e índice de valor de importancia (IVI). La composición florística se constituyó de 825 individuos distribuidos en 93 especies, 71 géneros y 50 familias botánicas; las familias dominantes fueron Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Melastomataceae, Moraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fagaceae, Acanthaceae y Tiliaceae. La especie de mayor peso ecológico fue el Truco (Hyeronimasp) y las de mayor frecuencia fueron el Truco (Hyeronimascabrida), el Roble (Quercus humboldtii) y el Higuerón de nacimiento (Ficus apollinaris). Los mayores valores de importancia correspondieron a las especies Truco (Hyeronima scabrida), Arrayán (Myrcia sp), Nacedero (Trichanthera gigantea), Otobo (Dialyanthera lehemannii) y Naranjuelo (Lacistema aggregatum). Se categorizó la estructura vertical en 3 estratos, 508 individuos en el I (3 y 16 m), 270 en el II (17 y 23 m) y 47 en el emergente (alturas superiores a 24 m). Se concluye que el bosque ripario posee un alto grado de especies pioneras y típicas de bosques en recuperación, donde se destaca el Medio comino (Ocotea sp), especie maderable amenazada que puede hacer parte de las acciones de restauración ecológica y enriquecimiento florístico en áreas de bosques riparios y en la protección de cuencas.