bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sagittal plane walking patterns are related to MRI changes over 18‐months in people with and without mild‐moderate hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Wyatt Cory , Lee Sonia , Okazaki Narihiro , Chiba Ko , Link Thomas M. , Souza Richard B. , Majumdar Sharmila 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe purpose was to evaluate the association of sagittal plane gait mechanics with MRI changes in the hip joint over 18‐months. Subjects with and without radiographic hip OA (n = 57) underwent MRI at baseline and 18 months for grading of cartilage lesions, bone marrow lesions (BML), cysts, and labral tears. 3D gait analyses at baseline were used for sagittal plane hip kinematics and kinetics during the stance phase. Subjects were classified as progressors or non‐progressors based on increase in any MRI OA parameter. Multivariate ANOVA were used for differences in sagittal gait parameters between progressors and non‐progressors at baseline while adjusting for age. Logistic regression was used to estimate the probability of being classified as a progressor or non‐progressor with increasing hip flexion while adjusting for age, BMI, sex, and presence of radiographic hip OA. Of the 57, 35 were classified as non‐progressors and 22 were classified as progressors. At baseline, the progressors walked with 4.5° greater hip flexion during early stance (p = 0.021) and 3.5° lesser hip extension in late stance that was nearly significant (p = 0.059). Walking with greater hip flexion at baseline was associated with a greater risk of increase in MRI defined structural changes in the hip joint (Odds Ratio = 1.1, p = 0.038). Greater hip flexion during walking was associated with a risk of structural progression of hip OA. The results may guide future interventions to alter the walking patterns and slow structural hip OA progression.© 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1472–1477, 2018.
Preparation and evaluation of diblock copolymer‐grafted silica by sequential surface initiated‐atom transfer radical polymerization for reverse‐phase/ion‐exchange mixed‐mode chromatography
Authors: Bo Chun Miao , Wang Chaozhan , Wei Yin Mao 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA novel approach that involved the grafting of diblock copolymer with two types of monomer onto substrate by sequential surface initiated‐atom transfer radical polymerization was proposed to prepare a mixed‐mode chromatographic stationary phase. The distinguishing feature of this method is that it can be applied in the preparation of various mixed‐mode stationary phases. In this study, a new reverse‐phase/ion‐exchange stationary phase was prepared by grafting hydrophobic styrene and cationic sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate by the proposed approach onto silica surface. The chromatographic properties of the prepared stationary phase were evaluated by the separation of benzene derivatives, anilines, and β‐agonists, and by the effect of pH values and acetonitrile content on the retention. Compared with typical RP columns, the prepared stationary phase achieved the better resolution and higher selectivity at a shorter separation time and lower organic content. Moreover, the application of the prepared column was proved by separating widely distributed polar and charged compounds simultaneously.
Development of a quantitative intracranial vascular features extraction tool on 3DMRA using semiautomated open‐curve active contour vessel tracing
Authors: Chen Li , Mossa‐Basha Mahmud , Balu Niranjan , Canton Gador , Sun Jie , Pimentel Kristi , Hatsukami Thomas S. , Hwang Jenq‐Neng , Yuan Chun 
Published: October 2017

PurposeTo develop a quantitative intracranial artery measurement technique to extract comprehensive artery features from time‐of‐flight MR angiography (MRA).MethodsBy semiautomatically tracing arteries based on an open‐curve active contour model in a graphical user interface, 12 basic morphometric features and 16 basic intensity features for each artery were identified. Arteries were then classified as one of 24 types using prediction from a probability model. Based on the anatomical structures, features were integrated within 34 vascular groups for regional features of vascular trees. Eight 3D MRA acquisitions with intracranial atherosclerosis were assessed to validate this technique.ResultsArterial tracings were validated by an experienced neuroradiologist who checked agreement at bifurcation and stenosis locations. This technique achieved 94% sensitivity and 85% positive predictive values (PPV) for bifurcations, and 85% sensitivity and PPV for stenosis. Up to 1,456 features, such as length, volume, and averaged signal intensity for each artery, as well as vascular group in each of the MRA images, could be extracted to comprehensively reflect characteristics, distribution, and connectivity of arteries. Length for the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery extracted by this technique was compared with reviewer‐measured results, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.97.ConclusionA semiautomated quantitative method to trace, label, and measure intracranial arteries from 3D‐MRA was developed and validated. This technique can be used to facilitate quantitative intracranial vascular research, such as studying cerebrovascular adaptation to aging and disease conditions. Magn Reson Med 79:3229–3238, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Quantification of particle crushing in consideration of grading evolution of granular soils in biaxial shearing: A probability‐based model
Authors: Cheng Zhuang , Wang Jianfeng 
Published: October 2017

SummaryA probability‐based model is presented to estimate particle crushing and the associated grading evolution in granular soils during isotropic compression and prepeak shearing in biaxial tests. The model is based on probability density functions of interparticle and intraparticle stress (ie, particle normalized maximum shear stress and particle average maximum shear stress) derived from discrete element method simulations of biaxial tests. We find that the probability density functions of normalized maximum shear stress are dependent on the current sample grading, implying coupling effects between particle crushing and sample grading such that the particle crushing is affected by the current sample grading, and the grading change is also dependent on the current particle crushing extent. To incorporate these coupling effects into the model, particle crushing and grading change are calculated for each load increment, in which the crushing probability of a particle during any loading increment is denoted as the corresponding increment of probability of the internal maximum shear stress exceeding its maximum shear strength. The model shows qualitative agreement with published experimental data. The effects of the model parameters, including initial porosity, particle strength, initial grading, and crushing mode, on the calculated results are discussed and compared with previous studies. Finally, the strengths and limitations of the model are discussed.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies
Authors: Augustine Sajit , Avey Marc T. , Harrison Brittany , Locke Tiffany , Ghannad Mona , Moher David , Thébaud Bernard 
Published: October 2017

AbstractExtreme prematurity is the leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age. Currently, there is no treatment for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common complication of extreme prematurity. Experimental studies in animal models of BPD suggest that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are lung protective. To date, no systematic review and meta-analysis has evaluated the preclinical evidence of this promising therapy. Our protocol was registered with Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies prior to searching MEDLINE (1946 to June 1, 2015), Embase (1947 to 2015 Week 22), Pubmed, Web of Science, and conference proceedings (1990 to present) for controlled comparative studies of neonatal animal models that received MSCs or cell free MSC-derived conditioned media (MSC-CM). Lung alveolarization was the primary outcome. We used random effects models for data analysis and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines. We screened 990 citations; 25 met inclusion criteria. All used hyperoxia-exposed neonatal rodents to model BPD. MSCs significantly improved alveolarization (Standardized mean difference of −1.330, 95% confidence interval [CI −1.724, −0.94, I2 69%]), irrespective of timing of treatment, source, dose, or route of administration. MSCs also significantly ameliorated pulmonary hypertension, lung inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Similarly, MSC-CM significantly improved alveolarization, angiogenesis, and pulmonary artery remodeling. MSCs, tested exclusively in hyperoxic rodent models of BPD, show significant therapeutic benefit. Unclear risk of bias and incomplete reporting in the primary studies highlights nonadherence to reporting standards. Overall, safety and efficacy in other species/large animal models may provide useful information for guiding the design of clinical trials.
An overview of emerging pattern mining in supervised descriptive rule discovery: taxonomy, empirical study, trends, and prospects
Authors: García‐Vico A.M. , Carmona C.J. , Martín D. , García‐Borroto M. , del Jesus M.J. 
Published: October 2017

Emerging pattern mining is a data mining task that aims to discover discriminative patterns, which can describe emerging behavior with respect to a property of interest. In recent years, the description of datasets has become an interesting field due to the easy acquisition of knowledge by the experts. In this review, we will focus on the descriptive point of view of the task. We collect the existing approaches that have been proposed in the literature and group them together in a taxonomy in order to obtain a general vision of the task. A complete empirical study demonstrates the suitability of the approaches presented. This review also presents future trends and emerging prospects within pattern mining and the benefits of knowledge extracted from emerging patterns. WIREs Data Mining Knowl Discov 2018, 8:e1231. doi: 10.1002/widm.1231This article is categorized under:

Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Knowledge Representation
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Motivation and Emergence of Data Mining
Impact of Critical Illness Polyneuromyopathy in Rehabilitation: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Cunningham Cameron J.B. , Finlayson Heather C. , Henderson William R. , O'Connor Russell J. , Travlos Andrew 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundCritical illness polyneuromyopathy (CIPNM) increasingly is recognized as a source of disability in patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The prevalence and impact of CIPNM on patients in the rehabilitation setting has not been established.ObjectivesTo determine the proportion of at‐risk rehabilitation inpatients with evidence of CIPNM and the functional sequelae of this disorder.DesignProspective observational study.SettingTertiary academic rehabilitation hospital.PatientsRehabilitation inpatients with a history of ICU admission for at least 72 hours.MethodsElectrodiagnostic studies were performed to evaluate for axonal neuropathy and/or myopathy in at least one upper and one lower limb.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe primary outcome was prevalence of CIPNM. Secondary outcomes included Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores, rehabilitation length of stay (RLOS), and discharge disposition.ResultsA total of 33 participants were enrolled; 70% had evidence of CIPNM. Admission FIM score, discharge FIM, FIM gain, and FIM efficiency were 64.1, 89.9, 25.5, and 0.31 in those with CIPNM versus 78.4, 94.6, 16.1, and 0.33 in those without CIPNM, respectively. Average RLOS was 123 days versus 76 days and discharge to home was 57% versus 90% in the CIPNM and non‐CIPNM groups, respectively.ConclusionsCIPNM is very common in rehabilitation inpatients with a history of ICU admission. It was associated with a lower functional status at rehabilitation admission, but functional improvement was at a similar rate to those without CIPNM. Longer RLOS stay may be required to achieve the same functional level.Level of EvidenceIII
In vitroscreening of neuroprotective activity of Indian medicinal plantWithania somnifera
Authors: Singh Manjeet , Ramassamy Charles 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCanine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative condition characterised by changes in decline in learning and memory patterns. The neurodegenerative features of CCD in ageing dogs and cats are similar to human ageing and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Discovering neuroprotective disease-modifying therapies against CCD and AD is a major challenge. Strong evidence supports the role of amyloid β peptide deposition and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of CCD and AD. In both the human and canine brain, oxidative damage progressively increases with age. Dietary antioxidants from natural sources hold a great promise in halting the progression of CCD and AD.Withania somnifera(WS), an Ayurvedic tonic medicine, also known as ‘Indian ginseng’ orashwagandhahas a long history of use in memory-enhancing therapy but there is a dearth of studies on its neuroprotective effects. The objective of this study was to investigate whetherWSextract can protect against Aβ peptide- and acrolein-induced toxicity. We demonstrated that treatment withWSextract significantly protected the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH against Aβ peptide and acrolein in various cell survival assays. Furthermore, treatment withWSextract significantly reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species in SK-N-SH cells. Finally, our results showed thatWSextract is also a potent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase activity. Thus, our initial findings indicate thatWSextract may act as an antioxidant and cholinergic modulator and may have beneficial effects in CCD and AD therapy.
CAN GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES SUSTAIN OIL PALM YIELDS FOR BIOENERGY PRODUCTION IN NORTHEAST THAILAND?
Authors: SOMNUEK SIRILUK , SLINGERLAND MAJA 
Published: October 2017

SUMMARYThe government of Thailand aims for sustainability of palm oil production in the Northeast for bioenergy and farmers’ income. This study investigated whether producers in Northeast Thailand managed their oil palm according to good agricultural practices (GAP) and if not, what effects this has on yield. A survey was conducted amongst 108 randomly selected farmers. For 25 selected plots, management and yields were monitored twice a month for two full years. Compliance to GAP was high for weeding, harvesting, pruning and pest and disease control but not for irrigation (40%) and fertiliser application (20–40%). GAP adoption scores per households positively correlated with income from other crops, tree age and degree of training. We showed that rainfall was insufficient for good oil palm growth between October and April. In the monitored group, use of irrigation and amounts of N, P, K and Mg applied were strongly correlated. The yield was significantly greater with irrigation and fertiliser, reaching similar levels as in the South of Thailand (up to 25–30 Mg Fresh Fruit Bunches: FFB ha−1), but did not differ with soil texture. This allows us to conclude that better application of GAP, especially including a combination of irrigation and fertilisers overcame the unsuitable soil and rainfall conditions in the Northeast of Thailand. However, the costs of fertilisers compared to the price of FFB affected the profitability of FFB production, which may affect farmers’ motivation to apply GAP, especially on unsuitable soils. When the government aims for sustainable palm oil production in the Northeast it needs to invest in frequent technical support, irrigation infrastructure and affordable fertilisers. Otherwise, farmers may not apply GAP because of low returns on investments and yields will remain very modest.
K-THEORY FOR THE C*-ALGEBRAS OF THE SOLVABLE BAUMSLAG–SOLITAR GROUPS
Authors: POOYA SANAZ , VALETTE ALAIN 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe provide a new computation of the K-theory of the group C*-algebra of the solvable Baumslag–Solitar group BS(1, n) (n ≠ 1); our computation is based on the Pimsner–Voiculescu 6-terms exact sequence, by viewing BS(1, n) as a semi-direct product ℤ[1/n] ⋊ ℤ. We deduce from it a new proof of the Baum–Connes conjecture with trivial coefficients for BS(1, n).
The Concept ofjadhband the Image ofmajdhūbin Sufi Teachings and Life in the Period between the Fourth/Tenth and the Tenth/Sixteenth Centuries
Authors: SALAMAH-QUDSI ARIN 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper discusses the theoretical basis of the Sufi termjadhb(the effortless attraction of man by God), and examines the different approaches towards the figure ofmajdhūbas developed and presented in Sufi compendia and both Sufi and non-Sufi biographies of the period between the fourth/tenth and the tenth/sixteenth centuries. It suggests that there are three major phases in the development of the theoretical basis ofjadhb. The first stage covers the period between the fourth/tenth century and the first half of the sixth/twelfth century.Jadhbduring this stage was not discussed as a separate technical term, and its early foundations were embedded particularly in the early discussions oftawba(repentance) beside other expressions such asghaybaandfanā’. The period that began with the late part of the sixth/twelfth century and reached the early part of the seventh/thirteenth century was distinguished by attempts of later Sufi authors to moderate the problematic aspects ofjadhband to integrate it with the detailed discussions ofmashyakha(sheikhstatus). In light of the increasing antinomian appearances of themajdhūbs and the anarchisticqalandariyyain Muslim landscapes, the period following the early part of the seventh/thirteenth century up to the tenth/sixteenth century witnessed the popularity ofmajdhūbSufis whose antinomian approach towards social codes and religious rituals came to be freely presented in the sources.Jadhbbecame separated from the institutionalised doctrinal system ofmashyakha, although some attempts were made to integratejadhbwithsulūkand, thus, to maintain themajdhūb’s ability to act as a spiritual guide.
When commerce, science, and leisure collaborated: the nineteenth-century global trade boom in natural history collections
Authors: Coote Anne , Haynes Alison , Philp Jude , Ville Simon 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNatural history products formed an important, but little studied, component of the globalization of trade in the mid nineteenth century. The trade, specifically in zoology, occurred in the face of considerable challenges. It penetrated some of the more remote areas of the globe; its products were heterogeneous and difficult to price; and exchange occurred among scientists, commercial traders, and collectors, each of whom had their own particular practices and mores. This article charts the dimensions of this trade and offers explanations about the ways in which its complexities were addressed through major developments in taxidermy, taxonomy, transport and business logistics, alternative forms of exchange, and trust-based networks. More broadly, our work speaks to current developments in global history, imperial networks, and the history of scientific collecting.
The category of ‘family workers’ in International Labour Organization statistics (1930s–1980s): a contribution to the study of globalized gendered boundaries between household and market
Authors: Wobbe Theresa , Renard Léa 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article discusses the role that statistical classifications play in creating gendered boundaries in the world of work. The term ‘family worker’ first became a statistical category in various Western national statistics around 1900. After 1945, it was established as a category of the International Labour Organization (ILO) labour force concept, and since then it has been extended to the wider world by way of the UN System of National Accounts. By investigating the term ‘family worker’ from the perspective of internationally comparable statistical classification, this article offers an empirical insight into how and why particular concepts of work become ‘globalized’. We argue that the statistical term ‘economically active people’ was extended to unpaid family workers, whereas the distinction between family work and housework was increasingly based on scientific evidence. This reclassification of work is an indication of its growing comparability within an economic observation scheme. The ILO generated and authorized that global discourse, and, as such, attested to an increasingly global form of knowledge and communication about the status of gender and work.
Zones of reterritorialization: India’s free trade zones in comparative perspective, 1947 to the 1980s
Authors: Maruschke Megan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDuring the period of decolonization and the Cold War, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and US development agencies promoted free trade zones to developing countries. However, other zones emerged prior to and apart from these policy models, some of which, including India’s early zones, took on features of this model only by the 1980s. To make sense of zones within and beyond a UNIDO model, this article understands them through their connection to the rise of nation-state territoriality around the world. The zone is thereby a spatial strategy used in processes of state (re)territorialization to rearticulate state spatiality under the global condition. This article explores such a perspective by situating the history of India’s early free trade zones comparatively.
Conceptualization and Assessment of Adolescents’ Engagement	and Disengagement in School
Authors: Wang Ming-Te , Fredricks Jennifer , Ye Feifei , Hofkens Tara , Linn Jacqueline Schall 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Increasing school engagement is critical for improving academic achievement and reducing dropout rates. In order to increase student engagement and identify those students who are most disengaged from school, we need to conceptualize and measure student engagement appropriately. This study used a mixed method sequential exploratory design to develop and validate a student survey measure of school engagement that reflects a multidimensional conceptualization of engagement. Psychometric tests were conducted with a large racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of 5th–12th graders in the United States ( N = 3,632). Findings demonstrated that a bifactor multidimensional model fit the data appropriately and provided evidence of measurement invariance, construct, and predictive validity. Results provided a psychometrically sound foundation for capturing the behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and social aspects of student engagement and disengagement in school.