bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The perfective auxiliary o in the Moldavian variety. Diachrony and synchrony
Authors: Botez Mădălina , Dragomirescu Adina 
Published: September 2017

The aim of the paper is the analysis of the perfective auxiliary o in the Moldavian variety. The paper starts by discussing the origin, the dating, the localization, and the evolution of the form o in Romanian, until the 19th century. Against the literature and the linguistic atlases according to which the form o is general in Moldavia, our corpus study has revealed that the forms a and au are also used alongside the form o, under the influence of the standard language; moreover, the form o shows a tendency towards specialization for contexts with multiple cliticization.
Our analysis—which contributes to the understanding of the phonology-morphology interface—can be extended to the study of other regional varieties of Romanian.
Interjecția în texte vechi românești
Authors: Manu Magda Margareta 
Published: September 2017

Lucrarea încearcă să identifice problemele speciale puse de studiul interjecției în limba română veche (pe baza examinării unui corpus de texte aparținînd perioadei 1600–1780, raportate la texte din româna modernă). Am urmărit în ce mod anumite formațiuni interjecționale au dobîndit, prin expansiune diacronică, noi valori gramaticale, semantice și pragmatice.
Structura lucrării este următoarea: secțiunea introductivă (§1) prezintă pe scurt poziția autoarei privind statutul ocupat de categoria interjecției la nivel morfosintactic, semantic și pragmatic (§1.1) și privind relația dintre diverse structuri lingvistice și procesul lor de gramaticalizare / pragmatizare (§1.2); §2 se referă la traseele specifice urmate de evoluția diverselor categorii de interjecții analizate, de la româna veche spre româna modernă: prezentativele adecă, iată, ni (§2.1), hortativele haide, ni (§2.2), conativele bre, măi (§2.3), conectorii cu funcție de semnale demarcative adevăr, amin (§2.4); §3 are ca obiectiv descrierea unei specii de derivație delocutivă, ilustrată, în limba română, de variantele semantice lexicalizate ale interjecției secundare Doamne!; studiul se încheie cu cîteva concluzii referitoare la rezultatele cercetării (§4).
Bacilli in the breast
Authors: Thyagarajan Mohanapriya , Nallasivam Mahin , Singh Balaji 
Published: September 2017

Background: Breast tuberculosis is uncommon even in countries where the incidence of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis is high. The incidence of breast tuberculosis is less than 1% of the total breast pathologies in the world.Methods: This is a prospective study wherein all cases of breast tuberculosis with age above 18 years with only primary breast tuberculosis in both sexes. A total of 40 patients were diagnosed with breast tuberculosis. Most of the patients were treated as outpatient. All the patients were subjected to Imaging (Ultrasonagram or Mammogram) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). When FNAC was in conclusive, core needle biopsy was done. When none of the investigations were contributive, patient was subjected to excision biopsy. The tissue was sent for histopatho logical examination, gene xpert, AFB culture and sensitivity.Results: Diagnosis of breast tuberculosis was confirmed in all the 40 patients either with fine needle aspiration cytology or biopsy. All patients were with anti-tuberculous treatment as per the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program of India (RNTCP). All patients responded well and had complete recovery. Overall prognosis of breast tuberculosis was good.Conclusions: Breast tuberculosis is often mistaken for carcinoma breast. Clinical examination often fails to differentiate carcinoma breast from tuberculosis and a high index of suspicion is necessary. Mammography is not of much help as the findings in carcinoma in advanced stage are similar to that of tubercular lesion.
Lateral partial internal sphincterotomy-a complete relief in chronic fissure in ANO
Authors: Aishwin Saravana Kumar Ramalingam , Vishnuvarthan Selvaraj 
Published: September 2017

Background: Lateral internal sphincterotomy is the only choice in the treatment of the fissure in ano. Complete and partial sphincterotomy was followed in variable individuals. But post-operative complication like incontinence, early mobilization and early recovery is to be made into account for best results among these patients.Methods: This study is made in 2015-2016 period among 52 patients with chronic fissure in ano, partial sphincterotomy i.e., division of internal sphincter below the dentate line was performed. Post-operative follows up and symptoms were recorded, in such cases treated adequately. The period of revisit was decided according to patient compliance 1 month, 3months, 6 months. The data was collected prospectively and recorded in view of change in the treatment.Results: 47 of the patients were pain free within first 5 days of surgery. Remaining 5 patients required further division for pain relief due to persistent pain after 3 weeks. The associated post-operative complication among these patients was itching due to burning sensation in and around the anus which resolved later. None among these patients developed fecal incontinence.Conclusions: Among all age group of the patients included in this study were subjected to same type of the procedure and results were recorded to give better prognosis with lowest degree of recurrence for which repeat of the same procedure gave the complete relief. Lateral internal partial sphincterotomy is an effective technique for complete relief of pain in chronic fissure in ano.
The clinical study of incidence and role of co-morbid conditions in management and outcome of burns patients
Authors: Naik M. Madhusudana , Nagaprasad N. , Vishwanath Varun 
Published: September 2017

Background:The clinical study of incidence and role of co-morbid conditions in management and outcome of burns patients. The objective of this study was to determine the role of comorbid conditions in burns patient management and to understand the outcome the morbidity and mortality in burns patients with comorbid conditions.Methods: One hundred patients suffering burn injury with associated comorbid conditions had been selected randomly (every third burns patient with associated comorbidity). Co-morbidities associated were noted from history given by the patients. It is a prospective observational clinical study of 2 years of duration. Patients admitted in the department of burns and reconstructive surgery from the 2104 October up to twenty-four months were included in this prospective study.Results: It is a clinical observational prospective study. Study involve 100 burns patients with comorbidities: alcoholics (53%), smokers (15%), diabetic (12%), obesity (7%), psychiatric illness (6%), epilepsy (5%), bronchial asthma (2%). It was observed that morbidity and mortality were more in alcoholic (49%) and diabetic patients (33%) when compared to other co-morbid conditions. Wound infections and delayed wound healing was found more in diabetic patients. Incidence of higher percentage of burns was found in alcoholic patients.Conclusions: This study concluded that comorbid conditions increased the duration of hospital which also affected mortality, with longest stay of 102 days and average duration of stay of patients with co-morbid conditions was 45-65 days.
Proportion of malignancy in cervical lymphadenopathy
Authors: David Sandeep Kumar , Joseph Bonny A. , B. K. Easwarapillai , Varma R. R. 
Published: September 2017

Background: Cervical lymphadenopathy is a commonly encountered presenting complaint in out-patient departments. There are many reasons for cervical lymphadenopathy in a range spanning from benign through infective to malignant pathology. This study aims to find out the proportion of malignancy in such patients.Methods: 100 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy who fulfilled the criteria were included in the study from January 2015 to June 2016. Each patient underwent clinical examination and investigations including ESR, total count, fine needle aspiration cytology and biopsy.Results: Out of the 100 cases examined, 19 (19%) had malignancy. Among them, 6 (6%) had primary malignancy and 13 (13%) had secondary malignancy. 25 (25%) had tuberculous lymphadenopathy and 46 (46%) had reactive hyperplasia.Conclusions: There is significant incidence of malignancy in patients with cervical lymphadenopathy. The most common was metastatic lymph node from a primary malignancy. It is important to keep this in mind while evaluating a case of cervical lymphadenopathy.
Preoperative prediction of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy using a scoring system
Authors: Khetan Ashish K. , Yeola Meenakshi 
Published: September 2017

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become gold standard for the surgical treatment of gallbladder disease. 2% to 15% of patients require conversion to open surgery for various reasons. Pre-operative prediction of “difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy” may not only improve patient safety but also be useful in reducing the overall cost of therapy. The aim of this study is to study the factors determining the preoperative predictability of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Method: 30 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy operated by a single experienced surgeon. There are total 15 score from history, clinical and sonological findings. They were evaluated and scored on the basis of scoring system of Randhawa and Pujahari. Score up to 5 is defined as easy, 6-10 as difficult and 11-15 as very difficult.Result: Previous history of hospitalization for cholecystitis and increased gall bladder wall thickness were found statistically significant in predicting difficult LC.Conclusion: The scoring system had a positive prediction value for easy prediction of 81.9% and for difficult prediction of 75%.
Follow up of meningomyelocele and associated hydrocephalus, bladder and/or bowel incontinence and foot deformity in a developing country
Authors: Dikshit Vishesh , Gupta Abhaya , Patil Prashant , Kekre Geeta , Kothari Paras , Kulkarni Apoorva 
Published: September 2017

Background: Meningomyelocele (MMC) and meningocele (MC) are the two most common types of neural tube defects (NTD) seen. Some of the problems associated with care of these patients are psychological stress is parents, average financial condition of caretakers, ignorance on the part of parents, local physicians for management of this condition, very few dedicated Spina bifida clinics and social stigma associated with this condition. The aim of treatment of meningomyelocele is to the patients with maximum mobility and social continence which is possible through multidisciplinary care involving paediatric surgeon, paediatrician, nursing staff, occupational therapist, physiotherapist, social worker, parents and patients themselves. The aim of this study is to discuss our experience in initial management of meningomyelocele (MMC) and hydrocephalus and long-term management of bladder/bowel incontinence and foot deformity in a tertiary care hospital of a developing country.Methods: A retrospective nonrandomized observational study was conducted in the department of pediatric surgery at a tertiary hospital, from August 2008 to October 2015. Overall 145 patients of meningomyelocele were included in the study. Patients were managed according to our institution protocol.Results: 68.2% MMC patients were repaired primarily. 24.1% of total patients needed Y-V plasty skin advancement flap. 7.5% patients needed synthetic patch for dural closure. 24.1% patients were incontinent since birth. 19.3% patients had decreased lower limb power since birth. 5.5% patients were incontinent after MMC repair. 8.2% patients had decreased lower limb power after MMC repair. 28.9% patients needed VP shunt for gross hydrocephalus before MMC repair. 51.03% patients needed VP shunt after MMC repair. 20% patients did not require VP shunt in the present series. 13.1% patients in the present series had urinary incontinence. 11.03% patients had fecal incontinence. 73.6% patients with urinary incontinence were successfully managed with conservative treatment. 87.5% patients with fecal incontinence responded to conservative treatment. Bladder augmentation was done in 26.3% of neurogenic bladder dysfunction patients. 60% of these patients had dry interval of more than 4 hours. MACE was done in 12.5% of neurogenic bowel dysfunction patients. 2 patients required simultaneous bladder augmentation, Mitrofanoff’s and MACE procedure. One of these patients achieved a dry interval of >4 hour.Conclusions: Successful rehabilitation of children with MMC can be achieved with parental education and support, dedicated clinicians, trained nursing staff, regular follow-up and low threshold for diagnosing clinical deterioration and proactive management to prevent further clinical deterioration.
Simultaneous surgery for primary and nodes in carcinoma penis: a rural tertiary medical centre experience and results
Authors: A. C. Senthil Kumar , S. Rajesh 
Published: September 2017

Background: Historically surgery for nodes in carcinoma penis was done as staged procedure due to fear of higher morbidity and longer hospital stay. However, in view of the established safety of the simultaneous procedure, very few centres do simultaneous surgery for nodes and primary in cancer penis.Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the simultaneous surgeries for nodes and primary for carcinoma penis done at our hospital, during the period April 2015 to March 2017 were done and various parameters were calculated and compared with historical standards of various series.Results: The various parameters namely wound morbidity, hospital stay and complications were analysed and compared with historical standards. A total of 15 patients during the above mentioned were found to be suitable for the analysis after having excluded patients who had previous therapy and inoperable tumours. The mean follows up period was 12 months (ranging from 8 to 20 months). The mean hospital stay was 15 days (range from 12 days to 25 days). The skin margin necrosis rate was 6.67%, wound infection rate was 6.67% and there were no perioperative deaths. The same was compared with historical standards.Conclusions: Simultaneous surgery for primary and nodes in carcinoma penis is safe and the standard results are reproducible in a rural tertiary medical centre like ours.
An intraluminal jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumor near DJ flexure with gastrointestinal bleed: a rare case report
Authors: Bansal Manish , Gupta Sameer , Goel Kanika , Mittal Sulbha 
Published: September 2017

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors arising in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In GIT, the most common site of presentation is stomach followed by small intestine, colon, rectum and oesophagus. Here we report a rare case of intraluminal jejunal GIST with history of pain abdomen, occasional vomiting and GI bleed. Patient was taken up for exploratory laparotomy. Intraoperative findings revealed a hard-nodular growth in antimesenteric border of jejunum, 5 cm distal to duodenojejunal flexure (DJ) partially obstructing the lumen. Anastomosis was quite difficult due to presence of growth near DJ flexure and chances of leak were high. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and doing well after 1 year of follow up with no recurrence.
Large-Scale Shake Table Test on Behavior of Underground Structure with the Curved Portion During an Earthquake
Authors: Kawamata Yohsuke , Nakayama Manabu , Towhata Ikuo , Yasuda Susumu ,   National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) 1501-21 Nishikameya, Mitsuta, Shijimicho, Miki, Hyogo 673-0515, Japan,   Kobe Gakuin University, Hyogo, Japan,   Kanto Gakuin University, Kanagawa, Japan,   Tokyo Denki University, Saitama, Japan
Published: September 2017

Underground structures are generally considered to have high seismic performance and expected to play an important role as a base for reconstruction even after a destructive earthquake. Rigidity changing points, such as jointed and curved portions of underground structure, where localized deformation and stress is supposed to be generated, are ones of the most critical portions in terms of seismic performance of underground structure. Because the underground structure in a mega-city functions as a network, local damage could lead to fatal dysfunction. Accordingly, rigidity changing points and their surrounding area could significantly influence the resiliency of urban functions, and it is indispensable to evaluate their seismic performance and dynamic responses during earthquakes. The responses of rigidity changing points and their surrounding area to earthquakes have been tried evaluating by using large-scale numerical analyses, there is no case available where the responses have been measured in detail. For this reason, it is difficult to verify the validity of the results of such evaluations.In light of the above, the shake table test was conducted at E-Defense using a coupled specimen of soil and underground structures to obtain detailed data, especially on the localized responses around rigidity changing points during the earthquake. Based on the data obtained, the behavior of the underground structure with a curved portion at the time of an earthquake was analyzed comprehensively. As a result of the analysis on the test data, it is found that there is a strong correlation between the localized deformation of the curved portion of the tunnel and the displacement of the surrounding ground. In addition, it is necessary to conduct a three-dimensional seismic response analysis not only around the rigidity changing point but also in wider area.
Mini Special Issue on Cyber Security
Authors: Watanabe Kenji 
Published: September 2017

As our daily lives and socioeconomic activities have increasingly come to depend on information systems and networks, the impact of disruptions to these systems and networks have also become more complex and diversified.
In urban areas, where people, goods, money, and information are highly concentrated, the possibility of chain failures and confusion beyond our expectations and experience is especially high.
The vulnerabilities in our systems and networks on have become the targets of cyber attacks, which have come to cause socioeconomic problems with increasing likelihood. To counter these attacks, technological countermeasures alone are insufficient, and countermeasures such as the development of professional skills and organizational response capabilities as well as the implementation of cyber security schemes based on public-private partnerships (PPP) at the national level must be carried out as soon as possible.
In this JDR mini special issue on Cyber Security, I have tried to expand the scope of traditional cyber security discussions with mainly technological aspects. I have also succeeded in including non-technological aspects to provide feasible measures that will help us to prepare for, respond to, and recover from socioeconomic damage caused by advancing cyber attacks.
Finally, I am truly grateful for the authors’ insightful contributions and the referees’ acute professional advice, which together make this JDR mini special issue a valuable contribution to making our society more resilient to incoming cyber attacks.
Interdisciplinary Research of Iron Casting Technologies in the Town of Juketau during the Golden Horde Period
Authors: Shaykhutdinova Eugenia , Khramchenkova Rezida , Nabiullin Nail , Belyaev Alexander , Yanbaev Ruslan , Sitdikov Airat 
Published: September 2017

The work features the results of interdisciplinary research of cast iron dishware fragments discovered in the territory of one of the largest towns of the Volga-Kama region in the Golden Horde period. The microstructure of cast iron samples and surface mapping have been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the microelemental composition was determined by emission spectral analysis (ESA). The characteristic features of the manufacturing technology have been revealed as a result of research of the elemental and phase composition across the area of the transverse fracture and longitudinal polished section. The results of SEM allowed to carry out a comparative analysis with archaological material from the territory of Bolgar settlement – capital of the Bolgar Ulus of the Golden Horde. According to the results of microelemental analysis, two groups of cast iron were determined with differences attributed to various sources of raw material.
The Risk of Assuming Abuse in an Infant with an Isolated Metaphyseal Lesion
Authors: Norrell Kirsten , Hennrikus William 
Published: September 2017

Case:
The classic metaphyseal lesion, or corner fracture, is considered a strong indicator of nonaccidental trauma. In the present case, the parents brought their 8-month-old boy to a community hospital after he stopped crawling on the right leg. A knee radiograph demonstrated an isolated metaphyseal lesion, which prompted concern for child abuse. The patient was transferred to the nearest academic medical center; the pediatric radiology expert in child abuse determined that the lesion was a normal variant and not the result of abuse.

Conclusion:
An isolated metaphyseal lesion is not pathognomonic for child abuse, and a thoughtful differential diagnosis should be considered.
Technology Focus: New-Frontier Reservoirs II (October 2017)
Authors: Kalfayan Leonard 
Published: September 2017

Technology Focus
A year ago, this feature noted the continued languishing of crude-oil prices and the low margins in tight and very tight reservoir asset developments and the resulting substantial reduction in new-well drilling and completion. Little has changed since then. In the meantime, technology advancements have enabled a greater number of hydraulic fractures in long horizontal completions in such reservoirs, for example, resulting in more-cost-effective completions and greater initial oil-production rates. But low primary oil recovery and steep initial-production-rate declines still present overriding limitations. These tight and very tight oil-bearing reservoirs are typically characterized by oil-recovery factors of approximately 10%. However, on a positive note, in addition to improvements in completion efficiencies, recent advancements also have been made in the understanding and application of enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) methods in such reservoirs.
While enhancing oil production from multizone, hydraulically fractured completions in tight reservoirs is not straight forward, recent studies, including field trial programs, have shown that applications such as gas injection and waterflooding, including smart water injection, have the potential to create significant improvement in oil recovery.
The three papers featured this month are from Canada. All address the importance of wettability and wettability alteration in improving sweep efficiency and oil extraction by use of gas injection or water injection. Both laboratory studies and field application, in the case of waterflooding, are discussed. Each, with their unique perspectives and approaches, provides understanding of EOR fluids; formation interactions; and the benefits and present limitations of gas injection, conventional waterflooding, and smart water injection.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 185037 EOR in Tight Reservoirs—Technical and Economic Feasibility by K. Joslin, Computer Modelling Group, et al.
SPE 185680 Compositional-Simulation Evaluation of Miscible-Gas-Injection Performance in Tight Oil Formation by Ahmed Mansour, Texas Tech University, et al.
SPE 180284 The Use of Propellants To Stimulate and Enhance Productivity From Tight, Damaged, and Low-Quality Reservoirs by J. Gilliat, Baker Hughes, et al.