bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspekte beruflicher und sozialer Wiedereingliederung aus Sicht kardiovaskulär erkrankter Rehabilitanden in besonderen beruflichen Problemlagen – Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Erhebung
Authors: Schulz-Behrendt C. , Salzwedel A. , Rabe S. , Ortmann K. , Völler H. 
Published: February 2017

Zusammenfassung
Untersucht wurden subjektive bio-psycho-soziale Auswirkungen chronischer Herz- und Gefäßerkrankungen, Bewältigungsstrategien und Formen sozialer Unterstützung bei Rehabilitanden in besonderen beruflichen Problemlagen (BBPL).
Für die qualitative Untersuchung wurden 17 Patienten (48,9±7,0 Jahre, 13 männl.) mit BBPL (SIMBO-C>30) in leitfadengestützten Interviews befragt. Die Auswertung erfolgte softwaregestützt nach dem inhaltsanalytischen Ansatz von Mayring.
Im Rahmen der Krankheitsauswirkungen benannten die Patienten soziale, einschließlich beruflicher Aspekte mit 62% der Aussagen deutlich häufiger als physische oder psychische Faktoren (9 bzw. 29%). Angewandte Bewältigungsstrategien und erfahrene Unterstützungsleistungen richteten sich jedoch überwiegend auf körperliche Einschränkungen (70 bzw. 45%).
Obgleich soziale Krankheitsauswirkungen für die befragten Rehabilitanden subjektiv bedeutsam waren, gelang die Entwicklung geeigneter Bewältigungsstrategien nur unzureichend.
Optical detection of nanometric thermal fluctuations to measure the stiffness of rigid superparamagnetic microrods
Authors: Gerbal Fabien , Wang Yuan 
Published: February 2017

Significance
Under the influence of thermal forces, microscopic rod-shaped objects immersed in a fluid exhibit fluctuations: They deform mechanically. The energy provided by the thermal forces being well known, the measure of these fluctuations provides a convenient means of probing the rigidity of many biological filaments (DNA, microtubules, etc.) or synthetic microrods such as carbon nanotubes. However, only relatively flexible items could be studied by this technique: If they are too rigid, the fluctuations are too small to be detected. We substantially improved the method and measured the rigidity of rods 1,000 times stiffer than in previous studies. The method could henceforth be applied to numerous harder microscopic objects.
Chirality-induced spin polarization places symmetry constraints on biomolecular interactions
Authors: Kumar Anup , Capua Eyal , Kesharwani Manoj K. , Martin Jan M. L. , Sitbon Einat , Waldeck David H. , Naaman Ron 
Published: February 2017

Significance
Chiral molecules are the building blocks of life. Although artificially, it is difficult to separate two different enantiomers of the same molecules; in nature, this process is efficient. This work proposes a mechanism for understanding this efficiency. In many bioprocesses, the interactions between molecules result from electron reorganization in the molecules, like that which occurs when an external electric field is applied. We show that the charge reorganization in chiral molecules is accompanied by a polarization of the spins associated with the displaced charge. The symmetry constraints imposed by the spin polarization may help account for the enantioselectivity. Calculations indicate that this contribution to the interaction energy for two molecules of the same handedness can be comparable with the available thermal energy.
Recapitulation of physiological spatiotemporal signals promotes in vitro formation of phenotypically stable human articular cartilage
Authors: Ng Johnathan J. , Wei Yiyong , Zhou Bin , Bernhard Jonathan , Robinson Samuel , Burapachaisri Aonnicha , Guo X. Edward , Vunjak-Novakovic Gordana 
Published: February 2017

Significance
Despite significant efforts, stable and organized human cartilage has not been grown from human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. We report the formation of organized cartilage discs that resemble the articular cartilage from self-assembling human mesenchymal stem cells by implementing spatiotemporal regulation in vitro that mimics native development. Selective application of chondrogenic and hypertrophic induction regimens enabled the maintenance of functional hyaline cartilage and progressive deep-zone mineralization. We demonstrate that this simple biomimetic approach helped mature the cartilage discs and enabled them to remain stable and organized following implantation. These findings highlight the limitations of current isotropic culture, and could greatly accelerate the development of new therapeutic modalities for cartilage repair from a patient’s own cells.
swga: a primer design toolkit for selective whole genome amplification
Authors: Clarke Erik L , Sundararaman Sesh A , Seifert Stephanie N , Bushman Frederic D , Hahn Beatrice H , Brisson Dustin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Population genomic analyses are often hindered by difficulties in obtaining sufficient numbers of genomes for analysis by DNA sequencing. Selective whole-genome amplification (SWGA) provides an efficient approach to amplify microbial genomes from complex backgrounds for sequence acquisition. However, the process of designing sets of primers for this method has many degrees of freedom and would benefit from an automated process to evaluate the vast number of potential primer sets.

Results
Here, we present swga, a program that identifies primer sets for SWGA and evaluates them for efficiency and selectivity. We used swga to design and test primer sets for the selective amplification of Wolbachia pipientis genomic DNA from infected Drosophila melanogaster and Mycobacterium tuberculosis from human blood. We identify primer sets that successfully amplify each against their backgrounds and describe a general method for using swga for arbitrary targets. In addition, we describe characteristics of primer sets that correlate with successful amplification, and present guidelines for implementation of SWGA to detect new targets.

Availability and Implementation
Source code and documentation are freely available on https://www.github.com/eclarke/swga. The program is implemented in Python and C and licensed under the GNU Public License.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
An analysis of patient-provider secure messaging at two Veterans Health Administration medical centers: message content and resolution through secure messaging
Authors: Shimada Stephanie L , Petrakis Beth Ann , Rothendler James A , Zirkle Maryan , Zhao Shibei , Feng Hua , Fix Gemmae M , Ozkaynak Mustafa , Martin Tracey , Johnson Sharon A , Tulu Bengisu , Gordon Howard S , Simon Steven R , Woods Susan S 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjective: We sought to understand how patients and primary care teams use secure messaging (SM) to communicate with one another by analyzing secure message threads from 2 Department of Veterans Affairs facilities.Methods: We coded 1000 threads of SM communication sampled from 40 primary care teams.Results: Most threads (94.5%) were initiated by patients (90.4%) or caregivers (4.1%); only 5.5% were initiated by primary care team members proactively reaching out to patients. Medication renewals and refills (47.2%), scheduling requests (17.6%), medication issues (12.9%), and health issues (12.7%) were the most common patient-initiated requests, followed by referrals (7.0%), administrative issues (6.5%), test results (5.4%), test issues (5.2%), informing messages (4.9%), comments about the patient portal or SM (4.1%), appreciation (3.9%), self-reported data (2.8%), life issues (1.5%), and complaints (1.5%). Very few messages were clinically urgent (0.7%) or contained other potentially challenging content. Message threads were mostly short (2.7 messages), comprising an average of 1.35 discrete content types. A substantial proportion of issues (24.2%) did not show any evidence of being resolved through SM. Time to response and extent of resolution via SM varied by message content. Proactive SM use by teams varied, but was most often for test results (32.7%), medication-related issues (21.8%), medication renewals (16.4%), or scheduling issues (18.2%).Conclusions: The majority of messages were transactional and initiated by patients or caregivers. Not all content categories were fully addressed over SM. Further education and training for both patients and clinical teams could improve the quality and efficiency of SM communication.
Emergency Department Pain Management in Children With Appendicitis in a Biethnic Population
Authors: Jacob Ron , Krauss Baruch , Twito Gal , Leiba Ronit , Shavit Itai 
Published: February 2017

Objectives:Our goal was to examine factors associated with the administration of emergency department analgesia (any analgesia, opioid analgesia) in patients with acute appendicitis in a tertiary children’s hospital in Israel, and to examine ethnic differences.Methods:A retrospective cohort study of children evaluated in the emergency department, who had International Classification Of Disease—Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Regression analysis was used to test the effect of multiple variables on the provision of analgesia. Medications were administered according to a nurse-driven pain protocol. Multivariate regression was performed to estimate the strength of association between ethnicity and provision of analgesia. The effect of patient-nurse ethnicity concordance was assessed.Results:During the 6-year study period, there were 715 children with acute appendicitis, 457 Jews and 258 Arabs. Overall, 289 (40.4%) received some form of analgesia, and 139 (19.4%) received opioid analgesia. Univariate analysis revealed that higher pain score (P<0.001) and higher triage acuity (P<0.001) were associated with administration of any type of analgesia and of opioid analgesia. When adjusted for age, weight, sex, triage category, pain score, and 24-hour time of arrival, Jewish and Arab patients had similar likelihood of receiving analgesia of any type 41.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 40.3%-43.3%) versus 40.7% (95% CI, 38.7%-42.8%), and receiving opioid analgesia 26.1% (95% CI, 24.4%-27.8%) versus 25.3% (95% CI, 22.9%-27.7%). Similar proportions of Jewish and Arab patients received analgesia from Jewish and Arab nurses.Conclusions:Low rates of analgesia and opioid administration were found with no ethnic differences.
Low-Cost 3D Printing Orbital Implant Templates in Secondary Orbital Reconstructions
Authors: Callahan Alison B. , Campbell Ashley A. , Petris Carisa , Kazim Michael 
Published: February 2017

Purpose:
Despite its increasing use in craniofacial reconstructions, three-dimensional (3D) printing of customized orbital implants has not been widely adopted. Limitations include the cost of 3D printers able to print in a biocompatible material suitable for implantation in the orbit and the breadth of available implant materials. The authors report the technique of low-cost 3D printing of orbital implant templates used in complex, often secondary, orbital reconstructions.

Methods:
A retrospective case series of 5 orbital reconstructions utilizing a technique of 3D printed orbital implant templates is presented. Each patient’s Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine data were uploaded and processed to create 3D renderings upon which a customized implant was designed and sent electronically to printers open for student use at our affiliated institutions. The mock implants were sterilized and used intraoperatively as a stencil and mold. The final implant material was chosen by the surgeons based on the requirements of the case.

Results:
Five orbital reconstructions were performed with this technique: 3 tumor reconstructions and 2 orbital fractures. Four of the 5 cases were secondary reconstructions. Molded Medpor Titan (Stryker, Kalamazoo, MI) implants were used in 4 cases and titanium mesh in 1 case. The stenciled and molded implants were adjusted no more than 2 times before anchored in place (mean 1). No case underwent further revision.

Conclusions:
The technique and cases presented demonstrate 1) the feasibility and accessibility of low-cost, independent use of 3D printing technology to fashion patient-specific implants in orbital reconstructions, 2) the ability to apply this technology to the surgeon’s preference of any routinely implantable material, and 3) the utility of this technique in complex, secondary reconstructions.
Biologics for asthma and allergy
Authors: Walsh Garry M. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose of review
The development of monoclonal antibody-based biologics targeted at inhibition of the Th2 cytokines interleukin-4, interleukin-5 and interleukin-13 represent potentially effective treatments for asthma and allergic diseases. This short review is based on English-language original articles in PubMed or MedLine that reported significant clinical findings on the evidence demonstrating the effectiveness or otherwise of the targeting of interleukin-4, interleukin-5 or interleukin-13 in asthma or allergic disease.

Recent findings
Asthma exhibits marked heterogeneity both clinically and at the molecular phenotypic level requiring specifically targeted treatments to block the key pathways of the disease. It is becoming apparent that significant clinical effects with anticytokine-based biologic therapies are more likely in carefully selected patient populations that take asthma phenotypes into account. Biologics aimed at interleukin-4/13, interleukin-5 or immunoglobulin E are potentially effective treatments for patients with difficult to treat allergic disease. The development of reproducible and straightforward discriminatory biomarkers may aid identification of those patients most likely to benefit from treatment with these expensive interventions.

Summary
Overall these biologics-based therapies are effective treatments for difficult to treat asthma and allergic disease with a safety profile comparable with placebo in the majority of published studies.
Detailed Follow‐up Study of Pediatric Orofacial Granulomatosis Patients
Authors: Haaramo Anu , Alapulli Heikki , Aine Liisa , Saarnisto Ulla , Tuokkola Jetta , Ruuska Tarja , Sipponen Taina , Pitkäranta Anne , Kolho Kaija‐Leena 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTObjectives:Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the orofacial area. Its connection to Crohn disease (CD) is debated. Our aim was to describe a cohort of pediatric patients with OFG in detail, study the long‐term behavior of OFG, and evaluate factors predicting CD in patients with OFG.Methods:We invited patients diagnosed with OFG at 2 university hospitals, Finland for a follow‐up appointment. Patients (n = 29) were examined by a dentist and an otorhinolaryngologist using a structural schema. Orofacial findings were also recorded using digital photographing. Patients filled in questionnaires about general health and special diets. Patients’ nutrition was evaluated from food records. The findings were compared between patients with OFG only and OFG with CD.Results:Patients with CD had more findings in the orofacial area (total score for orofacial findings median 11) compared to patients with OFG only (total score median 7.5). There was no statistically significant difference in the type of lesions between these groups, except the upper lip was more often affected in patients with CD (n = 11) than in patients with OFG only (n = 0). Most of the patients had normal otorhinolaryngological findings. All patients with elevated anti–Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody A levels had CD (n = 6) and they presented with more orofacial findings (total score) than patients with normal levels of anti–S cerevisiae antibody A (P = 0.0311).Conclusions:Long‐term follow‐up of pediatric‐onset patients with OFG shows good prognosis. Patients with OFG do not seem to have otorhinolaryngological comorbidity. Anti–S cerevisiae antibody A may serve as a factor to indicate the possible presence of underlying CD in patients with OFG, but further studies are requested.
Suboptimal Prenatal Syphilis Testing Among Commercially Insured Women in the United States, 2013
Authors: Neblett Fanfair Robyn , Tao Guoyu , Owusu-Edusei Kwame , Gift Thomas L. , Bernstein Kyle T. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractUnited States surveillance data demonstrate that congenital syphilis cases are increasing. We performed an analysis of commercially insured pregnant females using MarketSan to determine syphilis screening rates at different prenatal stages; 85% of pregnant women in this population had a syphilis test performed at least once during the prenatal period.
A Case of Postmortem Canine Depredation
Authors: Chute Dennis J. , Bready Robert J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe report the case of postmortem animal depredation that produced initial confusion for investigators who responded to the scene. A decomposing elderly woman was found in her presumed home with bilateral upper extremity amputations and craniocerebral trauma. This raised suspicion of foul play. Subsequent investigations together with autopsy led the medical examiner to conclude that the cause of death was natural disease and that those injuries found on her body were produced by at least one of the dogs who shared the premises. We linked the canine culprit to the postmortem trauma and positively identified the remains by collecting material defecated by the animal and by using radiologic and dental comparison techniques.
The Effect of Intravenous Acetaminophen on Postoperative Pain and Narcotic Consumption After Vaginal Reconstructive Surgery: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Crisp Catrina C. , Khan Madiha , Lambers Donna L. , Westermann Lauren B. , Mazloomdoost Donna M. , Yeung Jennifer J. , Kleeman Steven D. , Pauls Rachel N. 
Published: February 2017

Objective
This study aimed to determine the effect of intravenous acetaminophen versus placebo on postoperative pain, satisfaction with pain control, and narcotic use after vaginal reconstructive surgery.

Methods
This was an institutional review board-approved, double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. Women scheduled for reconstructive surgery including vaginal hysterectomy and vaginal vault suspension were enrolled. Subjects received 1000 mg of intravenous acetaminophen or 100 mL placebo every 6 hours for 24 hours. Pain and satisfaction with pain control were assessed using visual analog scales and a numeric rating scale. Visual analog scales were collected at 18 and 24 hours postoperatively and at discharge. A sample size calculation determined 90 subjects would be required to detect a 30% reduction in postoperative narcotic use with 80% power and significance level of 0.05.

Results
One hundred subjects were enrolled. There were no differences in demographics or surgical data and no difference in narcotic consumption at multiple evaluation points. At 18 hours postoperative, median pain scores at rest were 27.0 (interquartile range, 35.0) for acetaminophen and 35.0 (interquartile range, 44.5) for placebo, finding no difference (P = 0.465). Furthermore, pain with activity and numeric rating scale-assessed pain scales were similar (P = 0.328; P = 0.597). Although satisfaction with pain control was high overall (91.5), no difference was noted.

Conclusions
Patients undergoing vaginal reconstructive surgery receiving perioperative intravenous acetaminophen did not experience a decrease in narcotic requirements or postoperative pain when compared with placebo. Reassuringly, pain scores were low and satisfaction with pain control was high for all subjects. The general use of this medication is not supported in these surgical patients.
Characteristics of Providers Performing Urogynecologic Procedures on Medicare Patients 2012–2014
Authors: Stone Daniel E. , Barenberg Benjamin J. , Pickett Stephanie D. , O'Leary Dena E. , Quiroz Lieschen H. 
Published: February 2017

Objective
To analyze the characteristics of providers performing stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) procedures in the United States.

Methods
The Centers for Medicare Services public database, released for years 2012 through 2014, was queried for SUI-related and POP-related Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System. Providers were categorized as Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) providers and non-FPMRS providers, using a list of FPMRS board-certified providers compiled through the American Board of Medical Subspecialties website. Other physician specialties that submitted SUI and POP procedures claims were tabulated.

Results
Six hundred twenty-nine FPMRS and 833 non-FPMRS providers submitted claims for SUI and POP procedures. The SUI procedures claims had the following provider specialty distribution: obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN)—FPMRS, 46.7%; urology, 26.3%; OB/GYN, 12.2%; and urology—FPMRS, 13.9%, with the remaining 0.9% being performed by other specialties. The POP procedures had the following specialty distribution: OB/GYN—FPMRS, 63.4%; OB/GYN, 16.7%; urology, 8.3%; and urology—FPMRS, 7.1%, with the remaining 4.5% being performed by other specialties.
Provider distribution was compared between transvaginal mesh and sling insertion procedures to transvaginal mesh and sling removal procedures. The FPMRS providers claimed 63.6% of sling and transvaginal mesh insertion procedures and performed 84.9% of mesh and sling removal procedures.

Conclusions
Medicare reimbursement data provides a unique insight into the distribution of provider specialties performing SUI-related and POP-related procedures in the Medicare population. The OB/GYN-FPMRS providers submitted the majority of claims for SUI and POP procedures from 2012 to 2014. The FPMRS providers are also performing the majority of mesh removal procedures.
The Relationship of Anterior Vaginal and Apical Position to Postvoid Residual Urine
Authors: Wong Keri S. , Mei Jenny Y. , Wieslander Cecilia K. , Tarnay Christopher M. 
Published: February 2017

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate the association between severity of anterior vaginal or apical prolapse and postvoid residual volume (PVR).

Methods
The charts of all women who presented to Urogynecology Clinic at Olive View-UCLA Medical Center for a 2-year period were reviewed. Demographic data, the degree of prolapse pelvic organ prolapse quantification points Aa, Ba, and C, and PVR were recorded. Patients with incomplete pelvic organ prolapse quantification assessment or improperly measured PVR were excluded.

Results
Three hundred fifty-two patients were included. Median age was 54 years (range, 26–80). Mean gravidity and parity were 4.4 and 3.7, respectively. Mean body mass index was 29.9 kg/m2. One hundred forty-nine women had previous pelvic surgery. Median PVR was 25 mL, and 40 patients (11.4%) had a PVR of 100 mL or greater.
Considering 15 potential PVR predictors, we found that the position of apex/cervix (point C) significantly correlated with an increase in PVR and also after controlling for the other significant covariates (rate of change b = 4.7% increase in PVR/cm, P = 0.0007). The other significant (P < 0.05) covariates were gravidity (5.7% per pregnancy), postmenopausal status (32.4%), and vaginal surgical history (61.4%). This was not true, however, for the anterior vaginal position (points Aa, Ba; P > 0.15). There was no difference in mean PVR in patients with versus without a hysterectomy (P = 0.236).

Conclusions
Elevated PVR values have long been linked with prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall. We found that there is a linear association between PVR and the anatomic position of the apex. There was no association of PVR with the position of the anterior vaginal wall.