bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Encephalopathy: The Key Role of Neuroinflammation
Authors: Luo Yifan , Zhu Jinxi , Hu Ziyan , Luo Wei , Du Xiaohong , Hu Haijun , Peng Shengliang 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDiabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a severe complication that occurs in the central nervous system (CNS) and leads to cognitive impairment. DE involves various pathophysiological processes, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. This review summarised current research on the pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy, which involves neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, iron homoeostasis, blood‐brain barrier disruption, altered gut microbiota, insulin resistance, etc. Among these pathological mechanisms, neuroinflammation has been focused on. This paper summarises some of the molecular mechanisms involved in neuroinflammation, including the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), Lipocalin‐2 (LCN‐2), Pyroptosis, Advanced Glycosylation End Products (AGEs), and some common pro‐inflammatory factors. In addition, we discuss recent advances in the study of potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of DE against neuroinflammation. The current research on the pathogenesis of DE is progressing slowly, and more research is needed in the future. Further study of neuroinflammation as a mechanism is conducive to the discovery of more effective treatments for DE in the future.
Efficacy and Safety of Different Hybrid Closed Loop Systems for Automated Insulin Delivery in People With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Di Molfetta Sergio , Di Gioia Ludovico , Caruso Irene , Cignarelli Angelo , Green Suetonia C. , Natale Patrizia , Strippoli Giovanni F. M. , Sorice Gian Pio , Perrini Sebastio , Natalicchio Annalisa , Laviola Luigi , Giorgino Francesco 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo compare the efficacy and safety of different hybrid closed loop (HCL) systems in people with diabetes through a network meta‐analysis.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and PubMed for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) enrolling children, adolescents and/or adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, evaluating Minimed 670G, Minimed 780G, Control‐IQ, CamAPS Fx, DBLG‐1, DBLHU, and Omnipod 5 HCL systems against other types of insulin therapy, and reporting time in target range (TIR) as outcome.ResultsA total of 28 RCTs, all enrolling people with type 1 diabetes, were included. HCL systems significantly increased TIR compared with subcutaneous insulin therapy without continuous glucose monitoring (SIT). Minimed 780G achieved the highest TIR ahead of Control IQ (mean difference (MD) 5.1%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) [0.68; 9.52], low certainty), Minimed 670G (MD 7.48%, 95% CI [4.27; 10.7], moderate certainty), CamAPS Fx (MD 8.94%, 95% CI [4.35; 13.54], low certainty), and DBLG1 (MD 10.69%, 95% CI [5.73; 15.65], low certainty). All HCL systems decreased time below target range, with DBLG1 (MD −3.69%, 95% CI [−5.2; −2.19], high certainty), Minimed 670G (MD −2.9%, 95% CI [−3.77; −2.04], moderate certainty) and Minimed 780G (MD −2.79%, 95% CI [−3.94; −1.64], high certainty) exhibiting the largest reductions compared to SIT. The risk of severe hypoglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis was similar to other types of insulin therapy.ConclusionsWe show a hierarchy of efficacy among the different HCL systems in people with type 1 diabetes, thus providing support to clinical decision‐making.Trial Registration: PROSPERO CRD42023453717
Doping Control Analysis of Perfluorocarbons in Equine Plasma by Headspace Gas Chromatography‐Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Kong Fred K. W. , Wong April S. Y. , Cheung Raymond K. K. , Wan Terence S. M. , Ho Emmie N. M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn order to control the potential misuse of perfluorocarbons as an oxygen carrier in equine sports, a simple and sensitive method for detecting perfluorocarbons in equine plasma by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry using negative chemical ionization with methane as reagent gas has been developed and fully validated. The method covers seven perfluorocarbons, which are the active components in blood substitute products, and shows good sensitivity and robustness. Limits of detection as low as 0.01 ng/mL could be achieved by the method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a detection method for the screening of perfluorocarbons in equine biological samples.
Snake diversity, occupancy, and detection on Thailand's largest university campus
Authors: Barnes Curt H. , Abdulaziz Ungku Zafirah , Kaenphet Arwut , Kanlayanapaphon Chatchai 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMore than 240 species of snake have been described from Thailand, yet basic natural history and ecology for this group of animals remains scarce in human disturbed environments despite conservation and human medical significance of them in these habitats. We studied snake diversity at Walailak University from March to December 2023, the largest university campus in Thailand (1525 hectares) through standardized walking surveys, opportunistic notifications and observation, road surveys, and traps and evaluated diversity using the Shannon diversity index (H), Pielou's evenness of species (J), detection probabilities (p), and occupancy probabilities (ψ). We observed 195 snakes (21 species, 7 families) at Walailak University and overall snake diversity (H = 2.60) and evenness (J = 0.85) were quite high, although specific site diversity (range H = 0–1.94) and evenness (range J = 0.67–0.91) within the university were variable. The probability of detecting snakes (range p = .10–.40) increased with increasing humidity and decreased with increasing amount of rain, temperature, and wind; site occupancy probability decreased with increased canopy height and increased with increased distance to buildings, increased canopy height loss, increased distance to roads, and increased distance to water. Our findings of relatively high snake diversity, presence of snake species potentially dangerous to humans (six species), and protected snake species (Thailand WARPA and international CITES, five species) suggest significant potential for conservation and further research at Walailak University and other campuses in Thailand.
Clinical characteristics, diagnosis and short‐term outcomes of COVID‐19–associated acute myocarditis in China
Authors: Liu Huihui , Zhou Ping , Huang Yan , Yan Sulan , Zhou Lei , Gao Chuanyu , Wang Lian , Tang Jianjun , Zhou Qiong , Li Xinqing , Zhuang Xiaofeng , Zhai Mei , Huang Liyan , Zhao Xuemei , Greenberg Barry , Hsi David H. , Zhang Yuhui , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsAcute myocarditis (AM) has been recognized as a rare complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection. This study was conducted to present the clinical characteristics, disease courses and short‐term prognoses of Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) induced AM in China, which has been unavailable so far.Methods and resultsData from 28 patients diagnosed with definite COVID‐19–associated AM from 6 hospitals in China between 1 December 2022 and 30 June 2023 were collected and analysed. The diagnosis of AM was based on increased troponin level plus typical findings of AM on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and/or endomyocardial biopsy. Among 28 patients with definite COVID‐19–related AM, median age was 37 years (Q1–Q3: 22–52) and 53.6% were men. Twenty‐three patients occurred within 2 weeks of the onset of COVID‐19 infection, 10 patients underwent endomyocardial biopsy and CMR was performed in all patients. Seven (25.0%) patients developed fulminant myocarditis that required inotropic agents or temporary mechanical circulatory support. Of the nine patients (32.1%) with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) below 50% on admission, five had fully recovered LVEF and two demonstrated improvement but to levels below normal at discharge. The comparison of CMR parameters between the baseline and first follow‐up showed that ECV was decreased at the first follow‐up [28.95 (25.38, 32.55)% vs. 33.65 (31.58, 37.55)%, P = 0.028), while other CMR parameters had no significant changes. Eighteen patients (64.3%) were prescribed with corticosteroids, and seven patients (25.0%) underwent temporary mechanical circulatory support. Only two patients died during hospitalization.ConclusionsThe majority of COVID‐19–associated AM occurred within 2 weeks of Omicron variant infection. Fulminant myocarditis complicated by hemodynamic instability requiring temporary mechanical circulatory support was not uncommon. However, short‐term outcome was generally good and most AM patients fully recovered.
Water Networks within Metal Organic Nanotubes: Assessment of Techniques to Understand Structure and Properties.
Authors: Jahinge Tiron H. L. , Samarasiri Vidumini S. , Forbes Tori Z. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHybrid materials, such as metal organic nanotubes (MONTs) can possess nanoconfined water molecules within their pore space and the overall behavior of the water within the material may be tuned based upon interactions with the inner channel walls. We have previously developed a range of methods (electron density mapping, kinetic models, and water interaction enthalpies) to evaluate water behavior under nanoconfinement using a uranium‐based metal organic nanotube (UMONT) but have not explored their applicability across a range of materials. In the current study, we test our methodologies on two additional MONT materials (LaMONT and Cu‐LaMONT) to determine if the techniques can be utilized in other systems to predict behavior within complex hybrid materials. In addition, we explored how to use Hirshfeld surface maps generated by the CrystalExplorer software in the visualization and prediction of water behavior within complex hybrid materials.
Photochemical Defluorinative Alkenylation of Trifluoromethyl Alkenes with Organoboronic Acids
Authors: He Shiyu , Xu Bo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe have developed a photo‐catalyzed defluorinative two‐component coupling reaction of trifluoromethyl alkenes and organoboronic acids, providing a straightforward and efficient route for the synthesis of functionalized gem‐difluorinated 1,4‐dienes. Both the chemical yields and functional group tolerance are generally good.
Visual analysis of coal mine safety using CiteSpace V
Authors: Zhang Xuesen , Yang Li 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo intuitively and systematically grasp the development status and trend of safety evaluation research in China's coal mining operations, we consulted relevant literature in the fields of “coal mine” and “safety evaluation” collected by China Knowledge Network, and deployed CiteSpace V software to summarize and analyze research pertaining to safety evaluation in China's coal mines from three aspects: research institutions, authors, and hot keywords. With respect to research institutions, the results show that although many researchers have conducted in‐depth evaluations of coal mine safety, most of these studies were independent, and two‐way information exchange and cooperation between research institutions remains scarce. With respect to authors, most cooperation between authors has been limited to team members, and relatively stable research teams have been formed. However, most of these research teams are independent. With respect to hot keywords, the trends of coal mine safety evaluation studies exhibit continuous change, with an overall increase in richness. According to the frequency burst times of important keywords, “entropy weight method” and “mining with pressure” are expected to remain important keywords in future evaluations of coal mine safety in China.
Utilization of beef lung powder in model chicken emulsion formulation
Authors: Özer Cem Okan , Var Ganime Beyzanur , Gerçekaslan Kamil Emre , Demir Özer Ezgi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to demonstrate the effect of beef lung powder addition to model chicken emulsion formulations on quality parameters and determine the optimum usage dose. A mixture design method was employed to determine the ideal proportions of chicken meat, animal fat, and water. The optimal formulation comprises 70.48% chicken meat, 12.42% animal fat, 9.30% water/ice, and 7.80% beef lung powder (w/w). The predicted outcomes for this optimized emulsion include a cooking loss of 3.05%, emulsion stability of 85.21%, an oxidation rate increase of 2.93%, a color difference of 13.24%, and firmness of 24.16 N. The use of lung powder resulted in a reduction in cooking loss and an increase in emulsion stability and hardness. Nevertheless, an increase in both color change and oxidation rate was found in emulsion models. The results of this study demonstrate that beef lung powder is a highly functional ingredient with the capacity to significantly enhance the stability and texture of chicken emulsions. Furthermore, it has the potential to considerably improve the nutritional and quality attributes of emulsified meat products, therefore suggesting its broader applicability in food production.
The Relationship Between Anxiety, Depression and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: An Exploratory Cross‐Sectional Analysis of Wave 1 Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 Data
Authors: Sweetman Jennifer , Stirland Lucy E. , Kanaan Mona , Corley Janie , Redmond Paul , Deary Ian J. , Cox Simon R. , Russ Tom C. , van der Feltz‐Cornelis Christina 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo explore the strength of the association between cognitive functioning and depression and anxiety in older people without dementia.MethodsAn exploratory, cross‐sectional analysis of Wave 1 (2004–2007) data from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 dataset. Three subgroups were based on Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) subscales: no probable anxiety or depression (N = 592), probable anxiety no depression (N = 122), probable depression with/without anxiety (depression) (N = 30). Regression analyses determined relationships between subgroups and identified cognitive test variables.ResultsParticipants were 744 individuals (male = 385 [51.5%]; mean [M] age = 69.5 years [Standard deviation = 0.83]); characteristics for subgroups were similar. Participants with probable depression had slower simple reaction time scores than those with no anxiety or depression (regression slope [β] on the log10 scale = 0.05, 95% Confidence Interval [0.03, 0.08], p ≤ 0.001). Those with probable anxiety had significantly worse scores on other tests: Spatial span (β = −0.80 [−1.36, −0.25], p ≤ 0.005), Symbol Search (β = −1.67 [−2.90, −0.45], p ≤ 0.01), Matrix Reasoning (β = −1.58 [−2.55, −0.60], p ≤ 0.005) and Block Design (β = −3.33 [−5.29, −1.37], p ≤ 0.001), than those without probable anxiety or depression.ConclusionProbable depression and anxiety were found to be associated with lower cognitive function in those without evidence of dementia. People with probable anxiety showed poorer performance in tests that concerned making decisions. People with probable depression showed slower processing speed.
The effect of a minor health shock on labor market outcomes: The case of concussions
Authors: Fouquet Florian , Meehan Lisa , Pacheco Gail , Theadom Alice 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe literature on health shocks finds that minor injuries have only short‐term labor market impacts. However, mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs, commonly referred to as concussions) may be different as the medical literature highlights that they can have longer‐term health and cognitive effects. Moreover, TBIs are one of the most common causes of disability globally, with the vast majority being mild. Thus, it is important to understand the impact of mTBIs on labor market outcomes. We use administrative data on all medically‐diagnosed mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) in New Zealand linked to monthly tax records to examine the labor market effects of a mTBI. We use a comparison group of those who suffer a mTBI at a later date to overcome potential endogeneity issues, and employ a doubly‐robust difference‐in‐differences method. We find that suffering a mTBI has negative labor market effects. Rather than dissipating over time, these negative effects grow, representing a decrease in employment of 20 percentage points and earning losses of about a third after 48 months. Our results highlight the need for timely diagnosis and treatment to mitigate the effect of mTBIs to reduce economic and social costs.
Extraction and Physicochemical Characterization of Hydroxyapatites From Horse Humerus Bones of Different Ages (1, 3, 6, and 8 Years old) Calcined at Low Temperature
Authors: Correa‐Piña Brandon A. , Castillo‐Paz Angelica M. , Davila Urso , Rodriguez‐Garcia Mario E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is to investigate the changes in the physicochemical properties of hydroxyapatite (HAp) extracted from horse humerus bones of different ages (1, 3, 6, and 8 years) subjected to low temperature calcination (600°C). Thermal analysis revealed significant mass loss due to water, collagen, organic compounds, carbonates, and age‐related magnesium out‐diffusion. Higher fat content in older bones contributed to increased mass loss. Phosphorus content remained constant across age groups, while calcium and sodium showed age‐related fluctuations. Magnesium levels decreased with age, emphasizing its importance for early bone development. The Ca/P ratio deviated from the stoichiometric values due to additional ions from biogenic sources. Infrared spectroscopy identified functional groups in carbonated HAp, with changes observed before and after calcination. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the 961 cm−1 band decreased with age, indicating improved crystalline quality. The molar absorption coefficients provided information on the changes in molecular concentration and emphasized the differences between the age groups. X‐ray analysis revealed nanocrystalline HAp in all samples, with crystallite size increasing with age. Rietveld analysis showed that the lattice parameters were affected by the presence of organic material, but the lattice constants remained stable, confirming high crystallinity independent of age. TEM analysis confirmed nanocrystalline structures, with crystallite size increasing with age. SEM images showed the characteristic porosity of calcined HAp, with particle size correlating positively with age. Calcination at 600°C preserved the nanoscale properties and microcrystal formation. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the identity of HAp, with FWHM variations indicating age‐related changes in crystalline quality. EHAp1 showed increased FWHM, indicating lower crystalline quality and increased trace element content.
Well‐differentiated inflammatory liposarcoma in the muscularis of the gallbladder
Authors: Chen Jianfei , Tang Congyu , Geng Zhidan , You Qiqin , Cao Hongli , Wang Wenping , Yu Qing , Yuan Haixia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInflammatory liposarcoma is one of the rarest subtypes of well‐differentiated liposarcoma. We present an extremely rare case of well‐differentiated inflammatory liposarcoma that occurs in the muscularis of the gallbladder, which was difficult to diagnose before surgery due to the lack of specific clinical and imaging findings. Since cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) both displayed amplification in this case, they are not only important markers for auxiliary diagnosis but also the focus of current targeted therapy.
Efficacy of albumin use in decompensated cirrhosis and real‐world adoption in Australia
Authors: Kalo Eric , Read Scott , Baig Asma , Marshall Kate , Ma Wai‐See , Crowther Helen , Gofton Cameron , Lynch Kate D , Sood Siddharth , Holmes Jacinta , Lubel John , Wigg Alan , McCaughan Geoff , Roberts Stuart K , Caraceni Paolo , Ahlenstiel Golo , Majumdar Avik 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe current treatment approach to patients with liver cirrhosis relies on the individual management of complications. Consequently, there is an unmet need for an overall therapeutic strategy for primary and secondary prevention of complications. The clinical potential of long‐term albumin infusions supported by recent clinical trials has expanded its indications and holds promise to transform the management and secondary prevention of cirrhosis‐related complications. This renewed interest in albumin comes with inherent controversies, compounding challenges and pressing need for rigorous evaluation of its clinical potential to capitalize on its therapeutic breakthroughs. Australia is among a few countries worldwide to adopt outpatient human albumin infusion. Here, we summarize currently available evidence of the potential benefits of human albumin for the management of multiple liver cirrhosis‐related complications and discuss key challenges for wide application of long‐term albumin administration strategy in Australian clinical practice. Australian Gastroenterological week (AGW), organised by the Gastroenterological Society of Australia (GESA), was held between 9‐11 September 2022. A panel of hepatologists, advanced liver nurses and one haematologist, were invited to a roundtable meeting to discuss the use of long‐term albumin infusions for liver cirrhosis. management in Australia. In this review, we summarise the proceedings of this meeting in context of the current literature.
Cannabidiol Modulation of Nicotine‐Induced Toxicity: Assessing Effects on Behavior, Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor, and Oxidative Stress in C57BL/6 Male Mice
Authors: Mesiakaris Konstantinos , Atsopardi Korina , Lagoumintzis George , Margarity Marigoula , Poulas Konstantinos 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTHigh doses of nicotine administered to rodents serve as a model for studying anxiety and test compounds' potential anxiolytic effects. At these doses, anxiety in rodents is accompanied by disruption of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The endocannabinoids and nicotine modulate several central nervous system processes via their specific receptors, impacting locomotion, anxiety, memory, nociception, and reward. Cannabidiol (CBD), an active ingredient of Cannabis sativa L., is devoid of psychoactive actions and has gained attention for its anxiolytic, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory properties, among others. This work aims to examine the potential anxiety‐reducing properties of CBD in a well‐established experimental mouse model of anxiety‐like behavior induced by high doses of nicotine on male C57BL/6 mice. In this context, the open‐field behavioral test was specially conducted to assess CBD's effects on anxiety‐like behavior and locomotion. Brain neuronal plasticity, modulated by BDNF, along with a diverse array of blood's metabolic markers, was examined as a means of evaluating systemic toxicity under various treatments. Finally, oxidative stress was evaluated through the measurement of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA), while pro‐inflammatory cytokine assessments were conducted to evaluate redox status and immune system function. Our research suggests that CBD shows potential in reducing anxiety‐like behaviors induced by high doses of nicotine, by mitigating changes in BDNF protein levels in cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum. At the same time, CBD targets specific liver enzymes, maintains tissue's systemic toxicity (i.e., renal, kidney, and pancreatic), balances redox status (SOD, GSH, and MDA), and regulates the secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐alpha and IL‐6).