bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical Challenges and Environmental Governance in the Construction of Pumped Storage Power Stations
Authors: Wang Song , Yang Yongkang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith the continuous deepening of China’s reform and opening-up, the coordinated development of environmental protection and economic development has become the focus of social attention. As a key new energy technology, pumped storage power stations have functions such as peak power regulation and energy storage, and play an important role in new energy construction. However, its application in China is still in its infancy and lags behind the international advanced level. This paper uses the methods of literature review and practical experience induction to conduct a detailed analysis of the technical issues in the construction of pumped storage power stations. Through an in-depth discussion of the development status of China’s pumped storage power stations, as well as technical problems and governance measures that may arise during their construction, we will provide support for promoting ecological environmental protection, responding to the demand for new energy construction, and creating a green-friendly construction environment. This paper focuses on the technical difficulties encountered during the construction process and proposes corresponding management measures. At the same time, an in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by pumped hydro storage technology and construction was conducted. Through research, it is found that the development of pumped storage power stations in China has made some progress, but there are still some necessary technical challenges. In response to these problems, a series of effective governance measures are proposed, and future development prospects are forecast. Comprehensive research results show that pumped storage power stations occupy an important position and have great potential in China’s new energy construction. Through scientific planning and effective management, problems that may arise during their construction and operation can be overcome, and their wider application in China can be promoted, making positive contributions to ecological environmental protection and sustainable development.
Optimization of Ultra-High Voltage Direct Current Power Transmission Curve for High Proportion New Energy Bases
Authors: Yi Bo , Liu Yunhe , Wang Xiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith the increase in demand for the construction of high proportion new energy base, the power transmission scale of Ultra-High Voltage Direct Current(UHVDC) is growing rapidly, and the characteristics of inter-provincial and inter-regional power transmission are affected by multiple factors, such as the randomness and volatility of new energy in the sending province, the peaks and valleys of the loads, the process of power shortages, and the new time-of use electricity pricing policy in the receiving province. Uncertainty issues are more prominent, and it has changed significantly compared with the traditional UHVDC power transmission methods. It is urgent to study the UHVDC transmission curve planning method in new period. Taking a new energy base in Northwest China as a typical example, a UHVDC power transmission system optimization model is constructed. A UHVDC power transmission curve optimization method that takes into account the power shortages process and the time-of use electricity pricing is proposed, and the Cplex12.6 Solver is used to carry out the 8760 h time series power production simulation. The results show that the obtained 12 curves by the new method can cope with the price-based response demand. Compared with the traditional method, the total cost present value is reduced by RMB 6.10 billion, the power shortage rate is reduced to 0.56%, and the proportion of new energy power is increased to 88.58%. Especially, the power output of pumped storage can track the transmission curve well, and alleviate the requirements for peak regulation flexibility of thermal power units. The power configuration scheme is technically feasible and economical, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method. It is suitable for the planning of large-scale UHVDC power transmission schemes. In the meantime, it plays an important role in promoting the level of new energy consumption and helping the low-carbon energy transformation.
Optimal Scheduling of Wind-Thermal-Hydro-Storage Multi-Energy Complementary System with Pumped Hydro and Battery Storage
Authors: Zou Zehua , Zhao Quan , Deng Miao , Gao Chong , Zhou Liangsong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith increasing scale of renewable energy integrated into the power system, the power system needs more flexible regulating resources. At present, besides traditional thermal and hydro power plants, pumped hydro storage and battery storage are the most commonly used resources, and they form a wind-thermal-hydro-storage multi-energy complementary system. This paper proposes an optimal scheduling strategy to dispatch the resources in the multi-energy complementary system. First, models of diverse types of resources. i.e., hydro power, pumped hydro storage, and battery storage, are established. Then, a day-ahead optimization scheduling model is proposed for the multi-energy complementary system. Finally, case study is conducted on a revised IEEE 30 node system. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can fully utilize the characteristics of different kinds of power resources to consume renewable energy and enhance the safety and economy of the multi-energy complementary system.
Wide-Area Long Sequence Photovoltaic Power Simulation Based on ERA5 Reanalysis Data
Authors: Tang Siwei , Wang Xu , Gao Jie , Zhu Fangliang , Yang Jianzan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe long-sequence hourly photovoltaic power simulation sequence is an important reference information in the stage of power station planning, designing and dispatching operation. Based on the ERA5 reanalysis data, this paper adopts the tilted plane radiation model and the photoelectric conversion model to construct a photovoltaic power physical simulation model, and conducts hourly power simulation study for a total of 23 years from 2000 to 2022 for 30 existing photovoltaic power stations in China, and analyzes the simulation effect and the interannual volatility of power generation capacity in different temporal and spatial ranges. The results show that: on different time scales, the power simulation results are different, and the long time scale is better than the short time scale. The root mean square errors of the monthly average, daily average and hourly scales are 0.89–20.8, 0.43–9.61, and 0.3–3.42 respectively; in different spatial ranges, the power simulation results are also different, and the power stations with relatively low simulation effect are mainly distributed in the western region with smaller longitude; there are great differences in the interannual power generation capacity volatility of each power station, and the volatility between years of the power stations at low latitudes is relatively large. In general, the power simulation result of the ERA5 reanalysis data can better reflect the actual operation law of the power station, and carrying out long-sequence power simulation through the ERA5 reanalysis data can provide relatively reliable data support for the planning and operation of the power station.
Application of Flow Prediction Models to the HPP Castro Alves for Planning Preventive Actions Against Extreme Events
Authors: Pires Beatriz Sepulveda , Chen Xinjian , Zhang Huiyi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractToday, the effects of climate change are increasingly evident. In the southern region of Brazil, significant impacts have been observed, such as the peak flows in November 2023, when a state of emergency was declared in the areas of the municipalities of Rio das Antas, Rio Grande do Sul, due to the impacts of heavy rainfall in the region. Such events may become more frequent in the coming years, so that the forecasting of hydroelectric inflows is necessary to plan the operation of the plants and to carry out preventive actions to deal with extreme events. The Ceran complex is located on the Antas River and consists of three hydroelectric plants, the Castro Alves, Monte Claro and Quartorze de Julho plants, and with a view to the sustainable operation of the projects in order to make conscious use of water resources, optimize operations and minimize the impact on the well-being of local populations, it has been studied and applied that rainfall-runoff models to forecast the inflows to the projects on the Antas River cascade. Rainfall-runoff models are essential for predicting extreme flows and taking preventive action, providing the operations center and the team involved with information for prior decision-making and, if necessary, evacuation of operators and potentially affected communities. In view of the above, this paper will apply the MEL model to convert rainfall into flow and compare the predicted results with the observed ones.
Research on the Design Method of Ultimate Pressure for Compressed Air Energy Storage in Hydroelectric Tunnels
Authors: Han Yue , Gao Yaohui , Cui Hao , Ning Liu  , Chen Pingzhi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe design of storage pressure is an indispensable step for reusing the existing hydropower tunnels into compressed air storage cavern, which directly affects the safety and economy of the plant. To design appropriate pressure, firstly the three anti lifting theoretical models are adopted to establish the analytical ultimate pressure methods in this paper and the ultimate pressure obtained under different parameters are compraed and anyasided. Based on multi-layer thick-walled cylinder theory, an improved calculation method for the ultimate pressure is proposed. Then parameter sensitivity analysis are conducted to reveal the key coefficient affecting the ultimate pressure corresponding to the model. Finallly, the proposed method is applied in the traffic tunnel of Baihetan Hydropower Station as an example.The results show that the straight failure plane (SFP) model is relatively conservative, resulting in lower ultimate pressure. The shear resistance of the conical failure surface surface will increase the ultimate pressure. The newly proposed model takes into account the influence of structures, and obtains a more reasonable ultimate pressure by limiting the tension stress of the steel lining. The surrounding rock's elastic modulus and burial depth exert the most significant influence on the ultimate pressure. In contrast, the effects of tunnel radius, steel grade, and concrete lining thickness are of moderate importance. The impact of steel lining thickness, concrete grade, Poisson's ratio of the surrounding rock, and surrounding rock density on the ultimate pressure is comparatively minor. The ultimate pressure of the Baihetan traffic tunnel by this method is 23.6 MPa. This study is of great significance for the renovation of compressed air storage in hydropower tunnles.
Study on the Impact of Flood Season Operating Water Level on Flood Control of the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors: Zhai Yan-wei , Jiang Ding-guo , Ji Guo-liang , Lv Zhen-yu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractClimate change has resulted in an increase in extreme weather events, with a sharp rise in droughts and floods. To establish a long-term mechanism for ensuring the safe operation of the Three Gorges Project, it is imperative to utilize hydrodynamic methods to analyze the water level operation mode during the flood season. This is crucial to enhancing the flood control safety and maximizing the overall benefits of this project. Therefore, this study obtained four different frequency design flood processes for each year by utilizing data from typical years. And the influence of different starting water level and discharge flows on the high water level and excess flood volume of flood regulation were revealed under the existing scheduling protocols and a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The results indicated that the water level operation modes of floods from different typical years were significantly different under the same scheduling rules, and when faced with the extreme flood conditions, discharge flow is a primary determinant of reservoir safety. Furthermore, the current scheduling scheme for the Three Gorges Reservoir has an extra safety margin. As a result, even without forecasting inflows, elevating the operating water level to 155 m during the flood season effectively mitigates risks from floods with a return period of 100 years or less, while maintaining risk control over floods with 1,000-year or 10,000-year return periods.
AdS/CFT correspondence for the O(N) invariant critical φ4 model in 3-dimensions by the conformal smearing
Authors: Aoki Sinya , Kawana Kiyoharu , Shimada Kengo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We investigate a structure of a 4-dimensional bulk space constructed from the O(N) invariant critical φ4 model in 3-dimension using the conformal smearing. We calculate a bulk metric corresponding to the information metric and the bulk-to-boundary propagator for a composite scalar field φ2 in the large N expansion. We show that the bulk metric describes an asymptotic AdS space at both UV (near boundary) and IR (deep in the bulk) limits, which correspond to the asymptotic free UV fixed point and the Wilson-Fisher IR fixed point of the 3-dimensional φ4 model, respectively. The bulk-to-boundary scalar propagator, on the other hand, encodes $$ {\Delta }_{\varphi^2} $$

∆

φ
2

(the conformal dimension of φ2) into its z (a coordinate in the extra direction of the AdS space) dependence. Namely it correctly reproduces not only $$ {\Delta }_{\varphi^2} $$

∆

φ
2

= 1 at UV fixed point but also $$ {\Delta }_{\varphi^2} $$

∆

φ
2

= 2 at the IR fixed point for the boundary theory. Moreover, we confirm consistency with the GKP-Witten relation in the interacting theory that the coefficient of the $$ {z}^{\Delta _{\varphi^2}} $$

z

∆

φ
2

term in z → 0 limit agrees exactly with the two-point function of φ2 including an effect of the φ4 interaction.
Characterizing spatial patterns among freshwater fishes and shrimps of the Poso River (Sulawesi, Indonesia) using DNA barcoding
Authors: Wibowo Arif , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Prakoso Vitas Atmadi , Ginanjar Rendy , Rochman Fathur , Zamroni Mochammad , Atminarso Dwi , Sumarto Bayu Kreshna Adhitya , Chadijah Andi , Irawan Deni , Deniansen Tri , Suriani Irma , Syamsi Agus Noor , Achmadi Andi , Surbani Indah Lestari , Akbar Sabda Alam , Hubert Nicolas , Robinson Wayne , Stuart Ivor G. , Baumgartner Lee J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fish biodiversity assessments are vital for understanding threats and aquatic ecosystem health. In the Poso River, Central Sulawesi, changes in biodiversity are influenced by habitat alteration, non-native species, and overfishing. This study evaluates fish and crustacean biodiversity in the Poso River system to address these challenges for improving fisheries management, conservation, and fish passage integration into hydropower development. The present biodiversity study utilized a comprehensive methodology that encompassed both traditional taxonomic approaches and DNA barcoding, specifically targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit-1 (COI) gene for accurate species identification and spatial boundary validation. The survey was conducted in the upstream, hydropower area and downstream areas of the river. We found 27 species of fish in the Poso River, including both native (e.g., Anguilla celebesensis, Oryzias nebulosus, Rhyacichthys aspro) and non-native species (e.g., Melanochromis auratus, Amphilophus trimaculatus, Oreochromis niloticus). Two International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red listed endangered species were also observed (e.g., Adrianichthys poptae and Mugilogobius sarasinorum). DNA barcoding was performed to examine species spatial boundaries. The fish population in the Poso River was dominated by non-native species, accounting for 85.70% of the total population. The upstream reaches had the highest fish abundance and diversity, while the downstream reaches had the lowest. There was, however, no significant difference in species richness and diversity across different locations and seasons. The dominance of non-native species in the Poso River necessitates the improvement of existing fishways within the hydropower dams potentially through the development of selective technology that can block the distribution of these non-native species. This research highlights the critical issue of non-native species proliferation and the potential threat they pose to native fish populations, providing valuable insights for conservation and management efforts in Indonesia and similar ecosystems worldwide.
Pole dynamics and an integral of motion for multiple SLE(0)
Authors: Alberts Tom , Byun Sung-Soo , Kang Nam-Gyu , Makarov Nikolai G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe describe the Loewner chains of the real locus of a class of real rational functions whose critical points are on the real line. Our main result is that the poles of the rational function lead to explicit formulas for the dynamical system that governs the driving functions. Our formulas give a simple method for mapping the class of rational functions into solutions to a non-trivial system of quadratic equations, and for directly showing that the curves in the real locus satisfy geometric commutation. These results are entirely self-contained and have no reliance on probabilistic objects, but make use of an integral of motion for the Loewner chain that is motivated by ideas from conformal field theory. We also show that the dynamics of the driving functions are a special case of the Calogero–Moser integrable system, restricted to a particular submanifold of phase space carved out by the Lax matrix. Our approach complements a recent result of Peltola and Wang, who showed that the real locus is the deterministic $$\kappa \rightarrow 0$$

κ
→
0

limit of the multiple SLE$$(\kappa )$$

(
κ
)

curves.
Quantitative analysis of islet prohormone convertase 1/3 expression in human pancreas donors with diabetes
Authors: Apaolaza Paola S. , Chen Yi-Chun , Grewal Kavi , Lurz Yannik , Boulassel Severin , Verchere C. Bruce , Rodriguez-Calvo Teresa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Islet prohormone-processing enzymes convert peptide hormone precursors to mature hormones. Defective beta cell prohormone processing and the release of incompletely processed peptide hormones are observed prior to the onset of diabetes, yet molecular mechanisms underlying impaired prohormone processing during the development of diabetes remains largely unknown. Previous studies have shown that prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) protein and mRNA expression levels are reduced in whole islets from donors with type 1 diabetes, although whether PC1/3-mediated prohormone processing in alpha and beta cells is disrupted in type 1 diabetes remained to be explored. Herein, we aimed to analyse the expression of PC1/3 in islets from non-diabetic donors, autoantibody-positive donors and donors diagnosed with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes.

Methods
Immunostaining and high-dimensional image analysis were performed on pancreatic sections from a cross-sectional cohort of 54 donors obtained from the Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors with Diabetes (nPOD) repository, to evaluate PC1/3 expression patterns in islet alpha, beta and delta cells at different stages of diabetes.

Results
Alpha and beta cell morphology were altered in donors with type 1 diabetes, including decreased alpha and beta cell size. As expected, the insulin-positive and PC1/3-positive areas in the islets were both reduced, and this was accompanied by a reduced percentage of PC1/3-positive and insulin-positive/PC1/3-positive cells in islets. PC1/3 and insulin co-localisation was also reduced. The glucagon-positive area, as well as the percentage of glucagon-positive and glucagon-positive/PC1/3-positive cells in islets, was increased. PC1/3 and glucagon co-localisation was also increased in donors with type 1 diabetes. The somatostatin-positive cell area and somatostatin staining intensity were elevated in islets from donors with recent-onset type 1 diabetes.

Conclusions/interpretation
Our high-resolution histomorphological analysis of human pancreatic islets from donors with and without diabetes has uncovered details of the cellular origin of islet prohormone peptide processing defects. Reduced beta cell PC1/3 and increased alpha cell PC1/3 in islets from donors with type 1 diabetes pinpointed the functional deterioration of beta cells and the concomitant potential increase in PC1/3 usage for prohormone processing in alpha cells during the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Our finding of PC1/3 loss in beta cells may inform the discovery of new prohormone biomarkers as indicators of beta cell dysfunction, and the finding of elevated PC1/3 expression in alpha cells may encourage the design of therapeutic targets via leveraging alpha cell adaptation in diabetes.

Graphical Abstract
Designing sustainable diet plans by solving triobjective integer programs
Authors: Benvenuti Luca , De Santis Alberto , De Santis Marianna , Patria Daniele 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present an algorithm for triobjective nonlinear integer programs that combines the

$$\varepsilon $$

ε

-constrained method with available oracles for biobjective integer programs. We prove that our method is able to detect the nondominated set within a finite number of iterations. Specific strategies to avoid the detection of weakly nondominated points are devised. The method is then used to determine the nondominated solutions of triobjective 0–1 models, built to design nutritionally adequate and healthy diet plans, minimizing their environmental impact. The diet plans refer to menus for school cafeterias and we consider the carbon, water and nitrogen footprints as conflicting objectives to be minimized. Energy and nutrient contents are constrained in suitable ranges suggested by the dietary recommendation of health authorities. Results obtained on two models and on real world data are reported and discussed.
Sacrocolpopexy: The Way I Do It
Authors: Shahid Usama , Chen Zhouran , Maher Christopher 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
Sacrocolpopexy (SCP) is an established surgical procedure for apical vaginal vault prolapse. There remains significant variation amongst surgeons in both the surgical steps and concomitant surgeries utilised when undertaking an SCP.

Methods
This review article is aimed at summarising the evidence and providing a detailed update of SCP in modern practice, reviewing contemporary evidence behind its indications, efficacy, outcomes, surgical steps, and complications.

Results
Sacrocolpopexy remains the gold standard for post-hysterectomy apical prolapse based on good long-term outcomes, patient satisfaction and low complication rates. SCP with concomitant total hysterectomy is not recommended owing to high rates of mesh exposure. The laparoscopic approach remains the preferred option in terms of low morbidity, quicker recovery and lower cost than alternative access options. For optimal outcomes an SCP should be performed with monofilament mesh, using absorbable sutures and with a paravaginal repair for cystocele.

Conclusions
Although SCP has become increasingly utilised for apical prolapse, its established efficacy regarding anatomical outcomes, patient satisfaction, and complications is in the context of post-hysterectomy prolapse. SCP with concomitant total hysterectomy has higher rates of mesh exposure. The efficacy and safety of SCP with sub-total hysterectomy or hysteropexy have not been clearly established and require further assessment through well-designed, rigorous randomised controlled trials.