bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain molecular changes and behavioral alterations induced by propofol anesthesia exposure in peripubertal rats
Authors: Pavković Željko , Smiljanić Kosara , Kanazir Selma , Milanović Desanka , Pešić Vesna , Ruždijić Sabera 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundPropofol is commonly used in modern anesthesiology. Some findings suggest that it is highly addictive.AimIn this study it was examined whether propofol anesthesia exposure was able to induce behavioral alterations and brain molecular changes already described in addictive drug usage in peripubertal rats, during the onset of mid/periadolescence as a developmental period with increasing vulnerability to drug addiction.MethodsThe expression of D1 dopamine receptor, a dopamine, and cAMP‐regulated phosphoprotein with a Mr 32 000; Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase IIα; and Finkel‐Biskis‐Jinkins murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog‐B was examined in peripubertal rats 4, 24, and 48 hour after propofol anesthesia exposure by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Brain regions of interest were the medial prefrontal cortex, the striatum, and the thalamus. Anxiety and behavioral cross‐sensitization to d‐amphetamine were examined as well.ResultsSignificant increase in the expression of dopamine and cAMP‐regulated phosphoprotein with a Mr 32 000 phosphorylated at threonine 34, a postsynaptic marker of dopaminergic neurotransmission, and Finkel‐Biskis‐Jinkins murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog‐B, a marker of neuronal activity, was detected in the thalamus of experimental animals 4‐24 hour after the treatment, with the accent on the paraventricular thalamic nucleus. Significant increase in the expression of Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase IIα phosphorylated at threonine 286, a sensor of synaptic activity, was observed in the prefrontal cortex and the striatum 24 hour after propofol anesthesia exposure. It was accompanied by a significant decrease in Finkel‐Biskis‐Jinkins murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog‐B expression in the striatum. Decreased behavioral inhibition in aversive environment and increased motor response to d‐amphetamine in a context‐independent manner were observed as well.ConclusionIn peripubertal rats, propofol anesthesia exposure induces transient molecular and behavioral response that share similarities with those reported previously for addictive drugs. In the absence of additional pharmacological manipulation, all detected effects receded within 48 hour after the treatment.
HISTONE DEACETYLASE 6 represses pathogen defence responses in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wang Yizhong , Hu Qin , Wu Zhenjiang , Wang Hui , Han Shiming , Jin Ye , Zhou Jin , Zhang Zhengfeng , Jiang Jiafu , Shen Yun , Shi Huazhong , Yang Wannian 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPlant defence mechanisms are suppressed in the absence of pathogen attack to prevent wasted energy and growth inhibition. However, how defence responses are repressed is not well understood. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDA6) is a negative regulator of gene expression, and its role in pathogen defence response in plants is not known. In this study, a novel allele of hda6 (designated as shi5) with spontaneous defence response was isolated from a forward genetics screening in Arabidopsis. The shi5 mutant exhibited increased resistance to hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen Pst DC3000, constitutively activated expression of pathogen‐responsive genes including PR1, PR2, etc. and increased histone acetylation levels at the promoters of most tested genes that were upregulated in shi5. In both wild type and shi5 plants, the expression and histone acetylation of these genes were upregulated by pathogen infection. HDA6 was found to bind to the promoters of these genes under both normal growth conditions and pathogen infection. Our research suggests that HDA6 is a general repressor of pathogen defence response and plays important roles in inhibiting and modulating the expression of pathogen‐responsive genes in Arabidopsis.
Transcriptome analysis of terpene chemotypes of Melaleuca alternifolia across different tissues
Authors: Bustos‐Segura Carlos , Padovan Amanda , Kainer David , Foley William J. , Külheim Carsten 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPlant chemotypes or chemical polymorphisms are defined by discrete variation in secondary metabolites within a species. This variation can have consequences for ecological interactions or the human use of plants. Understanding the molecular basis of chemotypic variation can help to explain how variation of plant secondary metabolites is controlled. We explored the transcriptomes of the 3 cardinal terpene chemotypes of Melaleuca alternifolia in young leaves, mature leaves, and stem and compared transcript abundance to variation in the constitutive profile of terpenes. Leaves from chemotype 1 plants (dominated by terpinen‐4‐ol) show a similar pattern of gene expression when compared to chemotype 5 plants (dominated by 1,8‐cineole). Only terpene synthases in young leaves were differentially expressed between these chemotypes, supporting the idea that terpenes are mainly synthetized in young tissue. Chemotype 2 plants (dominated by terpinolene) show a greater degree of differential gene expression compared to the other chemotypes, which might be related to the isolation of plant populations that exhibit this chemotype and the possibility that the terpinolene synthase gene in M. alternifolia was derived by introgression from a closely related species, Melaleuca trichostachya. By using multivariate analyses, we were able to associate terpenes with candidate terpene synthases.
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex in 29 Children: Clinical and Genetic Analysis and Facial Angiofibroma Responses to Topical Sirolimus
Authors: Wang Senfen , Liu Yuanxiang , Wei Jinghai , Zhang Jian , Wang Zhaoyang , Xu Zigang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder and facial angiofibromas are disfiguring facial lesions. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and genetic features of TSC and to assess the treatment of facial angiofibromas using topical sirolimus in Chinese children.MethodsInformation was collected on 29 patients with TSC. Genetic analyses were performed in 12 children and their parents. Children were treated with 0.1% sirolimus ointment for 36 weeks. Clinical efficacy and plasma sirolimus concentrations were evaluated at baseline and 12, 24, and 36 weeks.ResultsTwenty‐seven (93%) of the 29 patients had hypomelanotic macules and 15 (52%) had shagreen patch; 11 of the 12 (92%) who underwent genetic analysis had gene mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 gene. Twenty‐four children completed 36 weeks of treatment with topical sirolimus; facial angiofibromas were clinically undetectable in four (17%). The mean decrease in the Facial Angiofibroma Severity Index (FASI) score at 36 weeks was 47.6 ± 30.4%. There was no significant difference in the FASI score between weeks 24 and 36 (F = 1.00, p = 0.33). There was no detectable systemic absorption of sirolimus.ConclusionHypomelanotic macules are often the first sign of TSC. Genetic testing has a high detection rate in patients with a clinical diagnosis of TSC. Topical sirolimus appears to be both effective and well‐tolerated as a treatment of facial angiofibromas in children with TSC. The response typically plateaus after 12 to 24 weeks of treatment.
Idiopathic Calcinosis Cutis Universalis Treated Successfully with Oral Diltiazem—A Case Report
Authors: Singh Jayanti , Paliwal Vijay K. , Bhargava Puneet , Mathur Deepak K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIdiopathic calcinosis cutis is very rare and difficult to treat. Various medical modalities of treatment described with inconsistent results include chelating agents, colchicine, and probenecid. Calcium channel blockers are known to work by inhibiting intracellular entry of calcium. We successfully treated a case of idiopathic calcinosis cutis using oral diltiazem.
Fludarabine, cytarabine, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor and idarubicin for relapsed childhood acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Nakayama Hideki , Tomizawa Daisuke , Tanaka Shiro , Iwamoto Shotaro , Shimada Akira , Saito Akiko M , Yamashita Yuka , Moritake Hiroshi , Terui Kiminori , Taga Takashi , Matsuo Hidemasa , Kosaka Yoshiyuki , Koh Katsuyoshi , Hosoi Hajime , Kurosawa Hidemitsu , Isoyama Keiichi , Horibe Keizo , Mizutani Shuki , Adachi Souichi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe combination of fludarabine (Flu), high‐dose cytarabine (Ara‐C) and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF; FLAG), with anthracyclines has become standard chemotherapy for refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in European children and adults. To clarify the efficacy and the safety of FLAG‐idarubicin (IDA) for children prospectively, we planned a multicenter phase II study (AML‐R11) by the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group.MethodsPatients with AML aged between 2 and 20 years old, who had the first bone marrow (BM) relapse or induction failure, were enrolled. The FLAG‐IDA regimen consisted of Flu 30 mg/m2 for 5 days, Ara‐C 2 g/m2 for 5 days, G‐CSF (lenograstim) 5 μg/kg for 6 days and IDA 10 mg/m2 for 3 days. The primary endpoint was remission rate after therapy.ResultsDue to drug supply issues, the trial was suspended after the inclusion of seven eligible patients. There were six cases of early relapse within 1 year of the first remission. All seven patients completed the therapy and no early death was observed. Hematological toxicity was common, and one patient developed grade 4 non‐hematological toxicity of bacterial meningitis. Although only one patient with late relapse achieved complete remission, minimal residual disease was positive on both flow cytometry and Wilms’ tumor 1 mRNA. Two patients were alive in remission following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, whereas the other five patients died of either the disease or treatment‐related causes.ConclusionFLAG‐IDA might be tolerable for children with refractory AML although the efficacy should be further investigated.
Visiting nurses’ posthospital medication management in home health care: an ethnographic study
Authors: Kollerup Mette Geil , Curtis Tine , Schantz Laursen Birgitte 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundMedication management is the most challenging component of a successful transition from hospital to home, a challenge of growing complexity as the number of older persons living with chronic conditions grows, along with increasingly specialised and accelerated hospital treatment plans. Thus, many patients are discharged with complex medication regimen instructions, accentuating the risk of medication errors that may cause readmission, adverse drug events and a need for further health care.AimThe aim of this study was to explore visiting nurses’ medication management in home health care after hospital discharge and to identify key elements in patient medication for improved patient safety.MethodInspired by the ethnographic research cycle, participant observations and informal interviews were conducted at 12 initial visits by a nurse in a patient's home after hospital discharge. Data consisted of field notes and photographs from the patients’ homes, medication lists and medical records. Field notes were analysed in four steps.FindingsThe analysis showed 12 stages in medication management in which nurses strove to adjust medication management to the patients’ actual health status by mediating on knowledge of the patient, information to the patient and on rules and regulations and by establishing order in medication lists and medications in the home.ConclusionThe nurse–patient relationship, the integration of care and the context of care challenged patient safety in visiting nurses’ medication management in patients’ homes after hospital discharge. The implications for practice were the following: to ensure nurses’ opportunities to continuously evolve their observation skills and skills in making sound clinical judgements; to establish interprofessional working processes which support the continuous assessment of patients’ needs and the adjustment of care and treatment; to clarify expectations to nurses’ responsibility and patients’ privacy.
Lifetime stress exposure and health: A review of contemporary assessment methods and biological mechanisms
Authors: Shields Grant S. , Slavich George M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLife stress is a central construct in health research because it is associated with increased risk for a variety of serious mental and physical health problems, including anxiety disorders, depression, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, Alzheimer's disease, certain cancers, and other diseases of aging. In this review, we examine how lifetime stress exposure contributes to elevated disease risk and explore ongoing measurement and scientific issues related to this topic. To accomplish these goals, we first review existing instruments that have been developed for assessing perceived stress, self‐reported life events, interviewer‐assessed life stressors, and lifetime stress exposure. Next, we describe laboratory‐based tasks that have been used for characterizing individual differences in psychological and biological stress reactivity. These methods have yielded an enormous amount of data showing how life stress influences the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, sympathetic–adrenal–medullary axis, and immune system, and how such processes can in turn cause allostatic load and biological embedding of the stress effect at the level of the human brain and genome. At the same time, many critical measurement and scientific issues remain unresolved, and we discuss these topics last while describing some pressing issues and opportunities for future research on stress and health.
Four meanings of “categorization”: A conceptual analysis of research on person perception
Authors: Klapper Andre , Dotsch Ron , van Rooij Iris , Wigboldus Daniel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIt is widely assumed that people tend to “categorize” other people. However, the term “categorization” has been used with qualitatively different underlying definitions in the person perception literature. We present a conceptual analysis in which we disentangle four existing definitions: (a) categorization as representing, (b) categorization as dichotomizing, (c) categorization as organizing, and (d) categorization as grouping. Subsequently, we show that seemingly antagonistic viewpoints in the literature may be reconciled by disentangling these definitions. Furthermore, we argue that disentangling these definitions is vital for theoretical interpretations of (past and future) empirical findings. Overall, our work aims to contribute to the clarity of person perception theories, provide novel perspectives on existing debates, and serve as a stepping stone for more differentiated models of person perception.
Skin collagen can be accurately quantified through noninvasive optical method: Validation on a swine study
Authors: Tzeng S.‐Y. , Kuo T.‐Y. , Hu S.‐B. , Chen Y.‐W. , Lin Y.‐L. , Chu K.‐Y. , Tseng S.‐H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground/purposeDiffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a noninvasive optical technology characterized by relatively low system cost and high efficiency. In our previous study, we quantified the relative concentration of collagen for the individual keloid patient. However, no actual value of collagen concentration can prove the reliability of collagen detection by our DRS system.MethodsSkin‐mimicking phantoms were prepared using different collagen and coffee concentrations, and their chromophore concentrations were quantified using the DRS system to analyze the influence of collagen and other chromophores. Moreover, we used the animal study to compare the DRS system with the collagen evaluation of biopsy section by second‐harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy at four different skin parts.ResultsIn the phantom study, the result showed that coffee chromophore did not severely interfere with collagen concentration recovery. In the animal study, a positive correlation (r=.902) between the DRS system and collagen evaluation with SHG microscopy was found.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated that the DRS system can quantify the actual values of collagen concentration and excluded the interference of other chromophores in skin‐mimicking phantoms. Furthermore, a high positive correlation was found in the animal study with SHG microscopy. We consider that the DRS is a potential technique and can evaluate skin condition objectively.
Detection of IgE‐reactive proteins in hydrolysed dog foods
Authors: Roitel Olivier , Bonnard Lionel , Stella Alexandre , Schiltz Odile , Maurice Delphine , Douchin Gaël , Jacquenet Sandrine , Favrot Claude , Bihain Bernard E. , Couturier Nicolas 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundCommercial hydrolysed diets are used for the diagnosis of food allergy in dogs. The cleaved parent proteins are presumed to be too small to elicit an allergic response by reacting with allergen‐specific immunoglobin E (IgE).ObjectivesTo evaluate three commercial hydrolysed dog diets for proteins.AnimalsSera were collected from dogs with suspected food allergy.MethodsTwo batches of each hydrolysed diet were examined by electrophoresis and visualized by Coomassie blue, silver nitrate staining and IgE immunoblotting.ResultsFrom two to five proteins, ranging from 21 to 67 kDa, were detected in all three diets evaluated. Circulating IgE antibodies targeting these proteins were detected by immunoblotting of dog sera. Six different carbohydrate proteins were identified by mass spectrometry; maize/potato granule‐bound starch synthase‐1, soybean glycinin, soybean β‐conglycinin α chain, potato aspartic protease inhibitor, rice glutelin type B1 and soybean sucrose‐binding protein. Four of these proteins have been described as allergens in humans.ConclusionsSome commercial hydrolysed diets contain carbohydrate proteins. Some dogs have circulating IgE antibodies targeting these proteins. The clinical significance of these findings is unknown.
Fecal markers of inflammation, protein loss, and microbial changes in dogs with the acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS)
Authors: Heilmann Romy M. , Guard Melissa M. , Steiner Jörg M. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Unterer Stefan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS) is characterized by acute onset of bloody diarrhea, severe dehydration, and increased vascular and intestinal mucosal permeability. Markers of gastrointestinal inflammation, protein loss, and changes in the intestinal microbiota have not been studied extensively in dogs with AHDS.Key FindingsFor 3 consecutive days, feces were collected from dogs with AHDS, and assayed for calprotectin and S100A12 (both markers of inflammation), α1‐proteinase inhibitor (a marker of gastrointestinal protein loss), and the presence of selected species of bacteria. Concentrations of all assayed markers were significantly greater than the institutional reference intervals at the time of presentation, and all decreased significantly by Day 3 of treatment. Abundances of selected bacterial groups (Ruminococcaceae, Faecalibacterium spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Proteobacteria) at the time of diagnosis were consistent with an intestinal bacterial dysbiosis. No differences in the abundance of bacterial groups over time was seen, except for a mild but significant decrease in Ruminococcaceae at Day 3.SignificanceThese results suggest that canine AHDS is associated with a significant but transient gastrointestinal loss of protein and intestinal inflammation. The intestinal bacterial dysbiosis appears to outlast the protein loss and inflammation.
Surgical management and long‐term outcome of umbilical infection in 65 foals (2010‐2015)
Authors: Oreff Gil L. , Tatz Amos J. , Dahan Roee , Segev Gilad , Berlin Dalia , Kelmer Gal 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo report the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of surgical management of umbilical infection in foals.Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsFoals (n = 65).MethodsMedical records (2010‐2015) of foals up to 1 month of age, surgically treated for an umbilical infection were reviewed. Short‐term (at the time of discharge from hospital) and long‐term (1 year after surgery) survival rates were obtained. Clinical variables influencing survival were assessed. Chi‐square or Fisher's exact test were used to evaluate the relationship between the data retrieved and outcome.P ≤ .05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsSixty‐five foals were included in the study, representing 17.2% of all foals admitted to the hospital. Fifty foals were discharged from hospital (77%) and 43 foals (66%) were alive 1 year after surgery. Lower long‐term survival rates were associated with: younger age at presentation, septic joints, multiple pathologies, higher creatinine level, higher heart rate, umbilical infection diagnosed at the hospital rather than prior to referral, prolonged hospitalization, longer period between arrival and surgery, and postoperative complications. The most common surgical findings were urachal enlargement followed by right arterial enlargement.ConclusionYounger foals with worse systemic condition and concurrent disorders are at higher risk for treatment failure. Early diagnosis improves the outcome. Surgical treatment yields good results and should be considered upon diagnosis, after taking into account the clinical situation.Clinical significanceBased on the results of this study, diagnosis and surgical management of umbilical infection in neonatal foals should be performed as early as possible, and a good outcome can be expected after surgery.
Effect of arthroscopic lavage and repeated intra‐articular administrations of antibiotic in adult horses and foals with septic arthritis
Authors: Cousty Matthieu , David Stack John , Tricaud Cyril , David Florent 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of arthroscopic lavage and repeated intra‐articular administration of antibiotic in adult horses and foals with septic arthritis.Study designRetrospective clinical study.AnimalsAdult horses and foals with septic arthritis (n = 62).MethodsAge, sex, cause of septic synovitis, joint involved, hospitalization time, and outcome were recorded. Arthroscopic lavage was performed at day 0 (D 0). Synovial fluid was collected every 48 hours prior to intra‐articular administration of antibiotic, and until hospital discharge. Synovial nucleated cell count, total protein, and percentage of neutrophils were compared across time and between subjects with a favorable or unfavorable outcome.ResultsSynovial nucleated cell counts decreased progressively and were lower at all times compared to D 0. Percentages of neutrophils were lower than baseline at D 8 and 10, only. Total protein contents decreased progressively and were lower than baseline at D 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 14. When adult horses and foals with a favorable outcome were compared to those with an unfavorable outcome, the nucleated cell count was lower at D 10, 12, and 14 and the percentage of neutrophils was lower at D 4 only, but total protein content did not differ between groups at any time.ConclusionSynovial nucleated cell counts and total protein concentrations decreased after arthroscopic lavage and repeated intra‐articular administration of antibiotic in horses and foals with septic arthritis. Synovial nucleated cell count is limited as a monitoring tool during treatment of septic arthritis.