bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensayo de compactación giratoria en suelos como alternativa al ensayo de compactación proctor
Authors: Camacho Tauta Javier Fernando , Reyes Ortiz Oscar Javier , Méndez González Dolly Fernanda 
Published: June 2017

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar experimentalmente una metodología alternativa para el proceso de compactación de suelos en laboratorio. Tradicionalmente se ha utilizado el método conocido como “compactación proctor”, aunque siempre se ha reconocido que no representa fielmente las condiciones en que se produce la compactación en el campo. En el ensayo de compactación giratoria, el proceso se produce por amasado, lo cual asemeja mejor el efecto de los equipos de vibrocompactación en obra. Se realizaron diferentes ensayos con presiones verticales entre 100 y 400 kPa, se mantuvo constante el ángulo de giro (1.25º) y el material se ensayó con diferentes contenidos de humedad. Con los resultados de los ensayos se determinó que para obtener una curva de compactación similar a la conseguida en el ensayo de proctor modificado se pueden utilizar dos opciones, la primera es trabajar con una presión vertical de 400 kPa, 100 giros y ángulo de 1.25º y la segunda opción es aplicar una presión 350 kPa, 300 giros y un ángulo de 1.25º.
KONTRIBUSI METODE MAṢLAḤAH MURSALAH IMAM MALIK TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARI’AH KONTEMPORER
Authors: Asiyah Nur , Ghofur Abdul 
Published: June 2017

<p class="IABSSS">This paper discusses the contribution of <em>maṣlaḥah mursalah</em> Imam Maliki to the development of sharia economic law. <em>Maṣlaḥah mursalah</em> is one of the methods of determining Islamic law initiated by Imam Malik. Based on the author's search, there are at least two conclusions about the contribution of the <em>maṣlaḥah mursalah</em> Imam Malik method to the development of Shariah economic law. First, <em>maṣlaḥah mursalah</em> as one of the approach model in ijtihād becomes very vital in the development of sharia economic law and <em>siyāsah</em> <em>iqtiṣādiyyah</em> (economic policy). Because the new problems in the emerging economics in this global world continue to grow, which textually found no proposition in the Qur'an and al-Sunnah. Secondly, the need for fatwas, especially in the fatwa of DSN-MUI, which is based on <em>maṣlaḥah mursalah</em> (kemaslahatan) becomes very urgent. The demands of the times have required the Muslim jurists to see the complexity of the contemporary problem and choose a more convenient (<em>taysir</em>) and avoiding difficulties (<em>al-</em><em>ḥaraj</em>); And the emergence of new cases requires the existence of <em>ijtihād</em> by considering this <em>maṣlaḥah mursalah</em> aspect.</p><p class="IABSSS" align="center">[]<strong></strong></p><p class="IABSSS">Tulisan ini membahas tentang kontribusi <em>maṣlaḥah mursalah</em> Imam Maliki bagi pengembangan hukum ekonomi syari’ah. <em>Maṣlaḥah mursalah</em> merupakan salah satu metode penetapan hukum Islam yang digagas oleh Imam Malik. Berdasarkan penelusuran penulis, setidaknya ada dua kesimpulan mengenai konstribusi metode <em>maṣlaḥah mursalah</em> Imam Malik terhadap pengembangan hukum ekonomi Syari’ah. <em>Pertama, maṣlaḥah mursalah </em>sebagai salah satu model pendekatan dalam <em>ijtihād</em> menjadi sangat vital dalam pengembangan hukum ekonomi syari’ah dan <em>siyāsah iqtiṣādiyiyah</em> (kebijakan ekonomi). Sebab persoalan baru di bidang ekonomi yang muncul dalam dunia global ini terus berkembang, yang secara tekstual tidak ditemukan dalilnya di dalam al-Qur’an dan al-Sunnah. <em>Kedua, </em>kebutuhan fatwa, terutama dalam fatwa DSN-MUI, yang didasarkan atas <em>maṣlaḥah mursalah </em>(kemaslahatan ) ini menjadi sangat urgen. Tuntutan perkembangan zaman mengharuskan para ahli hukum Islam melihat kompleksitas masalah kontemporer dan memilih pandangan yang lebih memudahkan (<em>taysir</em>) dan menghindari kesulitan (<em>al-</em><em>ḥ</em><em>araj</em>); dan munculnya kasus-kasus baru mengharuskan adanya <em>ijtihād</em> memper­timbangkan aspek <em>maṣlaḥah mursalah </em>ini.<strong></strong></p>
Application of a water balance adapted to intermittent water supply and flat-rate tariffs without customer metering in Tiruvannamalai, India
Authors: Mastaller Miran , Klingel Philipp 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Establishing the water balance developed by the International Water Association (IWA) is a worldwide applied approach to determine and analyse water losses in water distribution systems (WDS). The water balance covers those parts of a WDS within the responsibility of the water utility. Water losses occurring ‘before’ a customer meter are at the expense of the utility, while water lost or wasted ‘after’ the meter is paid for by the customer. This applies to systems where customer metering is in place and/or consumption is charged according to the consumed volumes. However, many WDS in the world lack customer meters, are operated intermittently and apply flat-rate tariffs. In intermittent supplies, a considerable amount of water is lost or wasted within the private properties. The flat-rate tariff might not cover this amount or part of the amount. Thus, actual consumption and wastage should be separately quantified with respect to the utility's water reduction measures. Accepting the described conditions, the authors have developed an adaption of the IWA water balance and the methods to establish the balance. In this paper the application of the developed approach in an initially unmetered WDS with intermittent water supply in the city of Tiruvannamalai, India, is presented.
Aeromonas Sobria: a Rare Cause of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis
Authors: Figurek Andreja , Vlatkovic Vlastimir , Vojvodic Dragan 
Published: June 2017

Peritonitis is a very common complication in patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The most common causes are gram positive cocci (part of the normal skin flora), and then gram negative bacteria, while fungi are listed as a rare cause of peritonitis. Aeromonas species are identified as a rare cause of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis. Among them, Aeromonas hydrophila is somewhat more common, followed by Aeromonas caviae.Case presentation. We reported a case of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis peritonitis caused by Aeromonas sobria that is extremely rare cause of this type of peritonitis. In our patient, pseudomembranous colitis occured as a complication and, reinfection – another episode of peritonitis with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Treatment with third-episode cephalosporins was successful and patient continued treatment with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Conclusions. The rare causes of peritonitis should not be ignored, especially those which lead to increased morbidity and mortality of patients.
Adoption of E-Commerce in the Agricultural and Fisheries Business Sector in Oman
Authors: Al-Busaidi Zahra , Kotagama1 Hemesiri , Boughanmi Houcine , Dharmapala Sunil , Waelti John 
Published: June 2017

Small and Medium Businesses (SMB) have substantial potential to contribute to the growth of an economy through adoption of business related Information Technology. The Agricultural and Food Business (AFB) sector in Oman is dominated by SMBs. Factors influencing the adoption of e-commerce in the AFB sector in Oman were analyzed. The main hypothesis was that scale of the business influenced the adoption of e-commerce. Data were obtained from a random sample (n = 31) of AFBs in Oman and was analyzed using a Probit regression model. The dependent variable was whether the firm had a website, a proxy measure of adoption of e-commerce. The main independent variables were the scale of the business (measured by number of employees) and the scope of the business (international or national) and of variables related to manager’s perception of benefits of adopting e-commerce. It was found that 94% of AFBs in Oman used computers and about 52% of those had websites. The R-squared, of the estimated Probit regression model was 0.65. The hypothesis that scale of the business influenced the adoption of e-commerce was not rejected, as the coefficient of the business scale variable was statistically significant (t = 2.5, n = 31). The likelihood of adoption increases with increased scale of the business. On the converse this suggests that the likelihood of adoption of e-commerce by small and medium businesses is lower. Given the importance of small and medium businesses in the development of particularly the AFB sector of Oman, policy maker would have to promote and provide incentives to adopt e-commerce by SMBs.
Pesticide Resistance in Stored-Product Insects and Alternative Biorational Management: A Brief Review
Authors: Talukder Farid 
Published: June 2017

Conventional pesticides are being used as the major tools for stored grain and food protection. Many conventional pesticides have created problems including pesticide resistance, toxic residues in the treated products, handling hazards, health hazards to operatives and pest resurgence. Among these, the incidence of pesticide resistance is a growing problem in stored product protection. Problems associated with synthetic pesticides, especially pesticide resistance, have created a worldwide interest in the development of alternative biorational strategies. Plant-derived materials, biological control agents, insect growth regulators, solar disinfestation systems, use of inert dusts and diatomaceous earth, etc., are potential viable alternatives. Most of these alternatives have low toxicity or are not toxic to humans, making them environmentally acceptable and enabling them to be incorporated in stored product protection.
Significance of Mangroves in the Arid Environment of the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Fouda M.M. , AI-Muharrami M.A. 
Published: June 2017

Little is known of the ecological role of the only species of mangrove, Avicemnia marina, in Oman. This study provides information on the physical habitat of three mangrove areas( Qurm, Mahout and Shinas) in relation to the main features of each area ( i.e. community structure, soil and water analysis and biota). The climate of three mangrove areas and surrounding regions is hot and arid; all have very low rainfall (less than 100mm yr), high air temperature (mean 27”C), relative humidity (57.8% at Qurm and 72% at Mahout and Shinas) , solar radiation ( more than 500 MVH cm2) and evaporation rates (more than 3000 mm yr2). Mangrove trees folowered during January-March, fruits matured during April- May, seedlings fell in June , seeds germinated in July-August and leaves were produced in September. Difference among sites included areal extent ( 162 ha in Mabout, 74 ha in Quran and 53 ha in Shinas) and high variability in mangrove structure within and between sites . The most obvious differences between sites related to tree height diameter , density and basal area. The increase in tree diameter was associated with increase in tree height and basal area, but an impressive relationship existed between tree diameter and density. Significant differences in soil texture and chemical analysis were found within and between the three mangrove sites. Soil texture wasdominated by sand; however, site( highest at Qurm,, 32%) and clay ( highest at Mahout , 10.1%) were present in considerable amounts. Soils of Mhout had the highest organic matter (10.2%) – totall nitrogeon ( 0.2% ), available phosphorus ( 56.2ppm) and sulphate ( 17.1 meq 100g) contents compared to those from Qurm and Shinas. Water temperature ranged 22-38C and salinity showed small variations at Mahout ( 37-40 ) and Shinas ( 37-40) but at Qurm, salinity showed remarkable variation from fresh and brackish water (10) to hypersaline water ( more than 100). Dissolved oxygen averaged 8.1( 4.8-12.7) mg and PH was 7.8 ( 6.9-8.9). Mangrove communicate included a faunal assemblage of many species of birds ( more than 200 species ), fish ( 54 species) , crustaceans ( 31 species) and mollusks ( 51 species ) . Some group exhibited clear pattern ( e.g, crabs and oysters), others were just visitors ( fish and birds ), but the majority were resident in the mangroves.
Impact of Sewage Sludge on Water Movement in Calcareous Sandy Soils
Authors: AI-Omran A.M. , AI-Wabel M.I. , Shalaby A.A. 
Published: June 2017

The present study was undertaken to investigate the changes in soil physical properties and their effect on water movement under ponded irrigation. Sewage sludge was applied to 10 cm soil depth at rates of 0.25. 75 and 100 Mg-ha-1 to two disturbed soils differing in CaCO3 content. The results showed that cumulative infiltration (1) decreased with an increase in sewage sludge rates. Basic infiltration for slightly calcareous sandy soil was higher than that of moderately calcareous sandy soil, laboratory measurements showed an exponential decrease in saturated hydraulic conductivity and an increase in available water capacity with an increase in sewage sludge rates. For both soils, water diffusivity (D(Q)) decreased with an increase in sewage sludge rates. The (oral) values of slightly calcareous sandy soils were higher than those of moderately calcareous sandy soils.
Relationships Between Live Body and Carcass Measurements and Carcass Components in Omani Sheep
Authors: Mahgoub O. 
Published: June 2017

Thirty two Omani sheep including eight intact males. 16 castrated males and eight intact females were fed ad libitum a concentrate diet (l6% CP) plus chopped Rhodesgrass hay (8% CP) from weaning until slaughter at an average weight of 26 kg. Correlation and regression analyses were carried out to evaluate relationships between live body and carcass measurements with major body components. Generally there were positive correlations between slaughter weight, empty body weight (EBW) and hot carcass weight with total carcass muscle (r2 =0.57, 0.59, 0.59). fat (r2= 0.47, 0.48, 0.68) and bone (r2 = 0.51, 0.44, 0.31) contents respectively. There were also positive correlations (r2 = 0.44- 0.59) between linear live body and carcass measurements with carcass muscle content. The depth of tissue over the 11th rib (GR) had a high positive correlation (r2= 0.67) with total carcass fat content. The weight of most individual bones and muscles had positive correlations (r2=0.39 - 0.85) with carcass muscle and bone content. There was a positive correlation between weight chuck (r2 = 0.62), brisket and shank (r2< 0.38), leg (r2 = 0.79) and loin (r2 = 0.45) carcass cuts with total carcass muscle content. Muscle content in all carcass cuts had a positive correlation (r2 = 0.46-0.86) with total carcass muscle content. Bone content in all carcass cuts had a high positive correlation (r2 = 0.46-0.90) with the total carcass bone content. A 3-variahle (body length, chest depth and leg length) and a 4-variable (hot carcass weight , hook width, rib width and GR) models were generated which accounted for 84% and 70% of the variation in the total muscle content, respectively. This study showed that live body and carcass measurements have significant relationships with carcass components in Omani sheep. These relationships may be utilized for prediction of carcass composition in live animals as well as for carcass quality assessment.
New Low-mass Stars in the 25 Orionis Stellar Group and Orion OB1a Sub-association from SDSS-III/BOSS Spectroscopy
Authors: Suárez Genaro , Downes Juan José , Román-Zúñiga Carlos , Covey Kevin R. , Tapia Mauricio , Hernández Jesús , Petr-Gotzens Monika G. , Stassun Keivan G. , Briceño César 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The Orion OB1a sub-association is a rich low-mass star (LMS) region. Previous spectroscopic studies have confirmed 160 LMSs in the 25 Orionis stellar group (25 Ori), which is the most prominent overdensity of Orion OB1a. Nonetheless, the current census of the 25 Ori members is estimated to be lower than 50% complete, leaving a large number of members to be still confirmed. We retrieved 172 low-resolution stellar spectra in Orion OB1a observed as ancillary science in the SDSS-III/BOSS survey, for which we classified their spectral types and determined physical parameters. To determine memberships, we analyzed the

emission, Li i
λ6708 absorption, and Na i
λλ8183, 8195 absorption as youth indicators in stars classified as M type. We report 50 new LMSs spread across the 25 Orionis, ASCC 18, and ASCC 20 stellar groups with spectral types from M0 to M6, corresponding to a mass range of

. This represents an increase of 50% in the number of known LMSs in the area and a net increase of 20% in the number of 25 Ori members in this mass range. Using parallax values from the Gaia DR1 catalog, we estimated the distances to these three stellar groups and found that they are all co-distant, at 338 ± 66 pc. We analyzed the spectral energy distributions of these LMSs and classified their disks into evolutionary classes. Using H-R diagrams, we found a suggestion that 25 Ori could be slightly older than the other two observed groups in Orion OB1a.
Les agitateurs de la toile
Authors: Gimenez Elsa , Voirol Olivier 
Published: June 2017

Après avoir distingué les « droites extrêmes » des « extrêmes droites », l’article analyse la fascisation des espaces publics et fait le point sur les diverses manifestations de ces tendances en ligne au cours de la dernière décennie, évoquant les modes de mobilisation du réseau Internet par différents mouvements (Tea Party, Manif pour tous, Pegida, etc.). Dans un second temps sont dégagés les principaux traits des « droites extrêmes » à travers les tendances à la fabrication de l’« autre », la personnalisation des malaises sociaux, la « dépluralisation » du monde, le « déni de réalité » et l’« adresse autoritaire ».
Portrait de l’agitateur américain
Authors: Löwenthal Leo , Guterman Norbert , Gimenez Elsa , Voirol Olivier 
Published: June 2017

À partir d’une étude des techniques développées par les activistes d’extrême droite aux États-Unis au milieu des années 1940, les auteurs s’attachent à saisir en détail les ressorts rhétoriques employés par ces agitateurs pour constituer leurs audiences. Ce faisant, ils dégagent les traits d’une expression politique attachée aux logiques fascistes : l’agitation. Se nourrissant du malaise social dont elle fait son fonds de commerce, l’agitation mobilise un catalogue de griefs incitant ses destinataires à des émotions destructrices : la méfiance, la dépendance, l’exclusion, l’anxiété et le désillusionnement. À la différence du militantisme réformiste ou révolutionnaire, elle ne vise pas un réel changement social mais incite ses destinataires à diriger leurs colères contre des cibles personnifiées tout en se complaisant dans un statu quo social, économique et politique.
Une communication par les marges du parti ?
Authors: Hobeika Alexandre , Villeneuve Gaël 
Published: June 2017

Quels rapports les groupes Facebook proches du Front national entretiennent-ils avec le parti en tant qu’organisation ? Cet article propose de nuancer l’image d’une expression du parti qui serait clivée entre, d’un côté, des groupes de militants à la parole incontrôlable et, de l’autre, les élus et officiels du parti, à la parole lissée. Par une étude de 158 de ces groupes et de certains de leurs promoteurs, l’article montre qu’il existe une relative continuité entre la base militante, dont émerge un ensemble de petits entrepreneurs politiques que le parti ne veut pas intégrer, et des élus de niveau secondaire.
Observer Les Observateurs
Authors: Jammet Thomas , Guidi Diletta 
Published: June 2017

Parmi les mutations en cours sur l’échiquier politique européen, l’un des phénomènes les plus marquants concerne l’essor de sites web populistes qui, prétextant une invisibilisation médiatique des opinions de la droite radicale, s’engagent dans une démarche de « réinformation » des citoyens considérés comme désinformés par des médias frappés de « bien-pensance gauchisante ». Cet article décrit l’origine et le développement de l’un de ces sites, www.lesobservateurs.ch , fondé en février 2012 en Suisse par un professeur de sociologie à la retraite. Par l’étude de ses connexions et collaborations avec les sites français de la même obédience, il met au jour un phénomène de circulation circulaire de l’information, qui contribue à l’émergence d’une réinfosphère transnationale par l’extension de l’audience des thèses populistes sur la Toile. Ce faisant, l’analyse proposée questionne empiriquement des mutations à la fois idéologiques et techniques de la communication politique, dont Internet est devenu le médium privilégié.
Attendre le signal
Authors: Camus Laurent 
Published: June 2017

L’article questionne le caractère interruptif des « cérémonies télévisées » de Dayan et Katz (1996), l’idée selon laquelle les événements retransmis en direct à la télévision interrompent le cours des activités ordinaires des téléspectateurs et reconfigurent les grilles de programmation télévisuelles. Plutôt que de voir dans l’interruption une propriété intrinsèque des événements en direct, l’article examine les pratiques de prise d’antenne, par lesquelles les participants d’une régie télévisée synchronisent le temps de l’événement avec la temporalité de sa retransmission. Il montre ainsi comment ils soumettent l’événement à l’agenda télévisuel et lient ses acteurs à l’attente conjointe de l’arrivée du signal. La démarche méthodologique de cet article, inspirée de l’ethnométhodologie et de l’analyse conversationnelle, consiste à ramener les programmes télévisés à la dimension vécue et contextuelle des interactions en coprésence qui les constituent. Il s’appuie sur une analyse vidéo des interactions d’une régie lors de la réalisation télévisée de matches de football retransmis en direct.
Dendritic Cell Sensing of Hydrophobic Di- and Triacylated Lipopeptides Self-Assembled within Synthetic Virus-like Particles
Authors: Sharma Rajni , Ghasparian Arin , Robinson John A. , McCullough Kenneth C. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play critical roles in developing immune defenses. One important aspect is interaction with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)/danger-associated molecular patterns, including di- and triacylated lipopeptides. Isolated or synthetic lipopeptides are potent vaccine adjuvants, interacting with cell surface TLR2 heterodimers. In contrast, deep embedment within bacteria cell walls would impair lipopeptide interaction with cell surface TLR2, requiring degradation for PAMP recognition. Accordingly, DC processing in the absence of surface TLR2 ligation was defined using synthetic virus-like particles (SVLPs) carrying hydrophobic TLR2 PAMPs within di- and triacylated lipopeptide cores (P2Cys-SVLPs and P3Cys-SVLPs) compared with SVLPs lacking immunomodulatory lipopeptides. DCs rapidly and efficiently internalized SVLPs, which was dominated by slow endocytic processing via macropinocytosis, although some caveolar endocytosis was implicated. This delivered SVLPs primarily into macropinosomes often interacting with EEA-1+ early endosomes. Although endoplasmic reticulum association was occasionally noted, association with recycling/sorting structures was not observed. Involvement of LysoTracker+ structures slowly increased with time, with SVLPs present in such structures ultimately dominating. Only SVLPs carrying di- and triacylated lipopeptide cores induced DC activation and maturation independently of surface TLR2 ligation. Intracellular recognition of SVLP TLR2 ligands was confirmed by observing SVLPs’ association with internal TLR2, which had similar kinetics to SVLP association with LysoTracker. This related to inflammatory cytokine induction by SVLP+ DCs, with adaptive immune response activation ex vivo/in vivo. Importantly, particular DCs, not monocytes, recognized intracellular exposure of the TLR2 PAMPs carried by di- and triacylated SVLP cores, which indicates subset-distinct recognition of functional internal TLR2 ligands. Thus, vaccines carrying hydrophobic TLR2 ligands would interact with particular DCs for efficient induction of specific immunity in the absence of additional adjuvant.