bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicide Risk in Refugees and Asylum Seekers
Authors: Wasserman D. 
Published: June 2017

Increasing numbers of individuals forced to leave their home countries in areas of war, conflict, human rights violations and persecution pose a challenge for host countries to meet the mental-health care needs of these individuals. Refugees and asylum-seekers may face unique risk factors for mental disorder before, during, and after their migration leading to suicidality. Experiences of family withdrawal, integration difficulties, and perceived lack of care may contribute to suicide within the refugee populations. Identifying effective treatments and support to minimize the risk especially once the individuals arrive in their new country is key to providing appropriate care. Barriers to mental-health care including lack of knowledge about available resources, communication or language barriers, cultural beliefs about origins and treatment of mental disease, as well as a lack of trust in authority, pose a challenge for health care providers and policy makers.Research has been inconsistent in the findings for the prevalence of mental disorders, suicidal behaviours, and suicide ideation among refugees and asylum seekers. Thus far, research has been limited to small scale, non-randomised, often qualitative analysis. Several studies have found higher rates of mental disorder, whereas others have found a similar prevalence as in the general population, although, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder has more consistently been found to have a higher prevalence among migrants. The lack of early and thorough exploration of suicidal intent in this population requires large-scale quantitative studies to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of current practices in mental-health care and suicide prevention.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Sexual functioning in male patients suffering from depression and anxiety disorders
Authors: Ciocca G. , Di Lorenzo G. , Comite G. , Limoncin E. , Mollaioli D. , Bianciardi E. , Niolu C. , Jannini E.A. , Siracusano A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSexual dysfunctions are frequent in patients with mental illnesses. In particular, anxious and depressive symptomatology often impacts on sexual functioning.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sexual function and psychological symptoms in a group of male patients with depression and anxiety disorders.MethodsFrom outpatients program, we consecutively recruited a group of 46 males: 28 patients had major depression and 18 anxiety disorders. Then, we administered two self-report psychometric tools to assess male sexuality, depression and anxiety, i.e., international index of erectile function (IIEF-15), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). t-tests and Pearson correlations were performed.ResultsWe found significantly higher score in terms of desire and general sexual wellness in people with anxiety disorder compared to people with depression. However, we found more significant correlations among depressive/anxious symptomatology and sexual impairment in males with anxiety disorders compared to males with depression.ConclusionsOur results revealed that males diagnosed with depression show a decrease of sexual desire, as a vast part of literature previously affirmed. On the contrary, the relationship between psychological symptomatology and sexual dysfunction, as the reduction of erectile function, was higher in males with anxiety disorders. This difference is probably due to a major iatrogenic effect of antidepressive treatments in depressed patients, while in anxious patients could be the psychological state, per se, the main cause of sexual dysfunctions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Kleine–Levin syndrome. A case report
Authors: Sanz Llorente S. , González Vega Z. , Bernal Romaguera P. , Ojeda Martinez A.I. , Ventura Faci T. , Marco Sanjuan J.C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionNowadays, 30% of the Spanish population suffers from some form of sleep disorder, occupying much of the visits to a psychiatrist. Sleep disorders are not a serious condition by itself, but have serious implications in daily life: physical exhaustion, poor performance, daytime sleepiness. Insomnia is a most common sleep disorder, however, hypersomnia must also be considered due to the limitations that it causes.ObjectiveBy the description of case report, we will carry out a review of the syndrome Kleine Levine.MethodsCase report.ResultsA case of Kleine–Levin syndrome in a 23-year-old male is described. The episodic disorder was characterized by excessive sleep, voracious appetite, hyper-sexuality, irritability and memory loss. Among its history, he included a psychotic episode in childhood and an episode of behavioral disorder caused by a stressful situation. His partner refers a similar episode of hypersomnia last year that was self-limiting in 15 days and he did not go to the doctor. Patients often act normal between episodes. Remission was spontaneous. Prospects, for organic aetiology, differential diagnosis. However, arises additional tests (analytical, brain CT, EEG…) resulted no pathological. Patient fulfilled the criteria for KLS, but due to the rarity of the disorder he was previously diagnosed as psychosis not otherwise specified.ConclusionsThis case report aim to highlight that KLS though considered a rare disorder but not uncommon and lack of enough available research data is likely to be responsible for missed or erroneous diagnosis; thus we require more systematic studies regarding etiologies and treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
RETRACTED: Alexithymia and alcohol use disorders: A critical review
Authors: Ghali F. , Fekih Romdhane F. , Mezghanni M. , Zghal M. , Jmii G. , Belkhiria A. , Khemiri I. , Ghazeli I. , Ridha R. , Jouini L. 
Published: June 2017

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief and Author. The authors have plagiarized part of a paper that had already appeared in Addictive Behaviors 34/3 (2009), pages 237–245, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.10.016. One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
The cat and the mouse game: Is there a shift towards more dangerous substances in the cathinone illicit market?
Authors: Grifell M. , Galindo L. , Ventura M. , Ribera E. , Quintana P. , Palma A. , Carbón X. , Gonzalez L. , San-Emeterio L. , Diez-Aja C. , Caudevilla F. , Torrens M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAfter mephedrone's ban in March 2010 new cathinones proliferated widely, even a new branch of atypical derivatives was launched into the market, represented by MDPV. The cardiovascular and central nervous system toxicity draws attention to this new family of cathinones, also known as pyrovalerones. MDPV was scheduled in 2011, leading to the apparition of Alpha-PVP from which there is little information.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study is to describe the evolution of different cathinones in the samples delivered for analysis to the harm reduction NGO energy control from March 2009 to March 2016 in Spain.MethodsEnergy control is a Spanish harm reduction NGO that offers to drug users the possibility of analyzing the substances they intend to consume. From March 2009 to March 2016 a total of 24,528 samples were analyzed by the NGO from which 760 contained cathinones. Substance analysis was done by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.ResultsFrom 2009 to 2016, cathinones represented a 2.82% from all analyzed samples. From March 2009 to March 2010, only 5 different cathinones were detected, in this same period methylone (n = 16; 37.20%) and mephedrone (n = 17; 39.53%) represented 76% of analyzed cathinones (n = 43). From March 2015 to March 2016, 132 cathinones were detected: methylone and mephedrone represented only 19.69%, giving prominence to clephedrone (n = 25; 18.93%) and Alpha-PVP (n = 24; 18.18%).ConclusionsThe evolution of synthetic cathinones detected by energy control is consistent with the evolution described in the literature. From 2009 to 2016, the cathinones detected diversify and new substances with higher toxicity potential appear.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Does a state of alcohol hangover impair event based prospective memory?
Authors: Heffernan T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe alcohol hangover state (AHS) is characterized by range of symptoms (e.g., drowsiness, fatigue, gastro-intestinal problems, dry mouth, nausea, sweating) that remain after ones blood-alcohol level returns to zero following a recent bout of excessive drinking. Recent findings have revealed a range of cognitive deficits associated with an AHS, including memory deficits. It is less clear what impact the AHS has upon everyday remembering; of which prospective memory is an excellent example (PM: memory for future plans/actions; such as remembering to perform a task at a specific time).AimsThe present study explored whether the AHS impairs everyday PM.MethodsTwenty-one AHS participants were compared with 28 non-AHS controls using a between-groups design. All completed a prospective remembering video procedure (prvp), which measured event-based pm. the prvp required the participant first to memorise a series of specific action-locations combinations and then to recall these combinations whilst viewing a CD clip of a busy shopping high street. Drug use (alcohol, smoking, etc.) and mood (anxiety and depression) were also measured, as these have been shown to have a deleterious impact upon PM.ResultsThe AHS group recalled significantly fewer event-based PM combinations on the PRVP compared with the non-AHS control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups on age, smoking, alcohol use or mood.ConclusionThese results confirm that a state of alcohol hangover impedes everyday prospective memory. The wider implications will be discussed at conference.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Dutch Intervention Programmes for Children of Mentally Ill Parents
Authors: Van Amelsvoort T. 
Published: June 2017

This presentation reports on the outcomes of a practice-based and science-based enterprise in the Netherlands to develop a comprehensive national prevention program focused on children of parents with a mental illness. An outline of the multicomponent program is presented which includes a wide set of interventions that address evidence-based risk factors and protective factors in multiple domains, including children in different age groups, parents and families, social networks, professionals and the community as a whole.The 20-year history of this program illustrates the importance of long-term collaborative investments that are required of practitioners, policymakers and scientists to develop and implement a nationwide, comprehensive approach for addressing the prevalent transmission of psychiatric problems from parent to child. The results of recently undertaken controlled efficacy studies of various preventive interventions are presented, as well as findings from process evaluations. Also, strengths and weaknesses of the current program are discussed and recommendations will be offered for the main challenges ahead in terms of program innovation, implementation and research.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
An unusual case of ‘laughing gas’ addiction in Singapore
Authors: Selvaraj A. , Wong K.E. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveRecreational use of nitrous oxide (N20) or ‘laughing gas’ inhalation is a common phenomenon in countries like UK and US where it is associated with music festivals and parties. However, as far as we know, recreational N20 use in Singapore has hitherto not been reported in the press or scientific journals. We report the first case of N20 use and addiction in a young Singaporean male who was introduced to it by a friend from a Western country where its use is prevalent.MethodsA 20-year-old Singaporean male with an existing psychiatric diagnosis of major depression, presented with a 3 year history of solitary regular N20 inhalation that escalated from infrequent low dose use to the current daily high-dose use which he was unable to control. He exhibited symptoms of dependence — including preoccupation, tolerance, withdrawal and difficulty in cutting down. No major adverse medical complications were noted so far.ResultsThe patient was assessed to have Nitrous Oxide Dependence; and is currently undergoing regular counselling sessions in an attempt to motivate him to cut down or stop his N20 use.ConclusionThis case is unique for 2 reasons:– extant literature suggests that only anectodal evidence exists for psychological dependence of N20 in Singapore; yet our patient clearly demonstrates psychological dependence;– this is the first reported case of N20 use disorder in Singapore; and perhaps ASEAN, with the unusual presentation in a young male whose use is solitary and private.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A comparative research of therapy regimens related to patients with alcohol addiction syndrome for the period 2000–2009 in narcological clinical hospital No. 17 of Moscow
Authors: Tsygankov B. , Shamov S. , Zemskov M. 
Published: June 2017

The incidence rate of alcohol addiction syndrome continues to increase worldwide. In the Russian Federation, there is a priority of the patient's rights for an effective and safe treatment of narcological disease. This is achieved using standardised, reproducible, statutory narcological patients diagnosis and management standards.Research purposeIdentify efficient algorithms for alcohol addiction syndrome treatment in a Narcological Clinical Hospital No. 17 of Moscow (NCH№17), allowed Narcological patients Diagnosis and Management Standards for the period 2000–2009.Research objectives(1) Identify the key therapeutic treatment algorithms that were used in NCH№17 of Moscow in the period 2000–2009. (2) Compare the effectiveness of therapeutic regimens identified.Data for study – hospital sheets of patients treated from 2000 to 2009 in NCH№17 of Moscow. Analyzed 520, included in the research: 401 hospital sheets of 118 patients.Methods(1) Continuous sampling. (2) Statistical, Fisher's exact test, Microsoft Excel software (version 13.1.) and Statistica 5.1.ResultsFrom 2000 to 2009 (1998, 2003 and 2005) have changed three times: legislative framework, focus, narcological patients’ treatment regulation (Fig. 1).Fig. 1Periods of application of different regimens are outlined: 2000–2002, 2003–2005, 2006–2009.Therapeutic algorithm was considered successful if the stage-by-stage approach was complied with. Algorithm inefficiency is designated as “failure of treatment stage-by-stage approach”. Disadvantages of therapeutic regimens lead to complications. Polypragmasy influenced the development of complications. From the analyzed 118 hospital sheets (pursuant to Fisher's exact test), 72 patients had polypragmasy, 40% cases – proven cause was delirium, 20% – refusal of treatment (Fig. 2).Fig. 2Surrogate variable of complications is refused treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychological distress and alcohol use among adolescents
Authors: Charfi N. , Turki M. , Smaoui N. , Maalej Bouali M. , Zouari L. , Zouari N. , Ben Thabet J. , Maalej M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAnxiety and depression, as well as alcohol use are widespread among teenagers, and constitute a huge public health burden worldwide.ObjectiveTo study the link between alcohol consumption and emotional distress (anxiety and depression) among adolescents.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in May and June 2016. The sample consisted of 314 pupils from 4 colleges and schools in Sfax (Tunisia). Alcohol Use Disorders Test (AUDIT) was used to evaluate alcohol dependence. Anxiety and depression levels were evaluated using the “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale” (HADS).ResultsThe mean age was 16 years with a sex ratio of 1.08. Among the participants, 18.9% reported having drunk alcohol at least once and 42.37% of them still consume. The main reasons for alcohol initiation were the search of new experiences (78%) or pleasure and well-being (39%) and the curiosity (49.15%). According to AUDIT, 1.7% of alcohol users presented an alcohol misuse and 20% presented dependence.The prevalence of anxiety and depression were respectively 56.1% and 23.7%. Anxiety was correlated to alcohol experimentation (P = 0.03) and non-supportive environment (P = 0.003). Depression was correlated to alcohol experimentation (P = 0.001), AUDIT score (P = 0.009), somatic histories (P = 0.02), physical abuse (P = 0.02), non-supportive environment (P = 0.016) and graduating class level (P = 0.005).ConclusionOur study highlights the close association between alcohol consumption and emotional distress in adolescence, which seems to be bi-directional. When attempting to reduce the risk of alcohol consumption, we should focus a particular attention on adolescents studying in graduating class, reinforce adolescents’ family support and prevent physical abuse.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Anti-epileptic drugs in opiate addictions
Authors: Vucetic-Arsic S. , Alcaz S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMood dysregulation came to be a hallmark in addiction diseases.ObjectivesAntiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are used extensively to treat non-epilepsy disorders, such as mood disorder. Addiction disease may be triggered by bipolar disorder. Contemporary theories of addiction focus on pathophysiological mechanisms that imply a misbalance in the area of motivational behaviour, cognitive control, inhibitory function and decision-making processes.The aim of the study was to confirm the clinical significance of AEDs use in the treatment of opiate addicts during hospital detoxification and in stabilizing period.MethodsThe prospective study comprised 70 medical histories of the patients treated in hospital setting over a period August 2015–2016. The study included patients with diagnosis of an opiate dependence and related mood disorders based on the ICD-10 classification. The rate of opiate withdrawal syndrome was measured by Objective Withdrawal Scale (OWS).ResultsOur data uncovered a significant correlation between addiction and bipolar disorders, since 21% of inpatients treatment have co-morbidity. According to a survey, 74% of patients were treated with AEDs during detoxification period and in outpatients setting 1 month later. According to OWS in 65% cases AEDs improved the mood and affect, numbness, sensitivity.ConclusionAEDs role in opiate withdrawal syndrome was to normalize the affect, applied as an adjuvant therapy and also used during the recovery, in order to correct mood fluctuations. The high rate of co-morbid mental illnesses between addiction and other mental disorders argues for a comprehensive approach to evaluate each disorder concurrently, providing treatment as needed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Observational study of suicide attempts in a community mental health unit
Authors: Guerrero Jiménez M. , Albornoz Calahorro C.M. Carrillo de , Gota Garcés J.M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionConcurrent with the recent global economic crisis there is a rising concern about the effect of recession on suicide mortality rates.AimTo record patients treated urgently in community mental health unit of Motril, Granada (Spain) by attempted suicide.MethodsDescriptive study recording patients treated urgently in Motril community mental health unit who have done any suicide gesture from February 2015 until December of that year.ResultsIn total, 39 urgent assessments were recorded during the observational period.The month of highest incidence was November, with 6 visits followed by August and October (5).The most common method was voluntary drug intake.Origin:– 59% were remitted from the general hospital emergency department;– critical care and emergency ambulatory devices: 1;– primary care: 10;– another specialist: 2;– own initiative: 2.Discharge diagnosis:– 35.8% individuals did not meet criteria for any mental disorder, although some of them were classified with V or Z diagnosis according to ICD-10 for making a reactive gesture to a emotional crisis, couple breakups or economic problems;– 11 of them meet criteria for various anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive and adaptative crisis.DiscussionKnowing some peculiar characteristics in suicidal populations as well as the most prevalent pathologies, it could be adapted both the profile of nurse attendance and the type of resources needed to ensure effective patient care.ConclusionProfile of patients attended for suicide attempt in an outpatient setting in a semi-rural coastal area is variated. It is worth to mention that one-third of this population did not meet criteria for any mental disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The emotional stroop test for screening of suicide risk
Authors: Pereira H. , Esgalhado G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSuicide is problematic today, being one of the most potentially fatal psychological phenomena, so it is important to assess thinking about suicide or suicidal ideation.ObjectivesIn this study we aim to develop methodological procedures, in order to understand if the emotional stroop test for screening of suicide risk is a good measure of suicidal ideation.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried-out among a convenience sample of 100 subjects. The data collection was done using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the emotional stroop test for screening of suicide risk, the suicidal ideation questionnaire and the beck depression inventory.ResultsRegarding the degree of association between the score of interference of the emotional stroop test and level of suicidal ideation there is a strong negative correlation and statistically significant. There are statistically significant differences in the scores on the three sheets of emotional stroop test between subjects with high suicidal ideation and low suicidal ideation. Attention is impaired in the group with suicidal ideation.ConclusionsThe emotional stroop test for screening of suicide risk is a useful, rapid and simple assessment tool that can to be used to detect symptoms of suicidal ideation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.