bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disproportional hoher Verlust an Sprachverstehen
Authors: Hoppe Ulrich , Hast Anne , Hocke Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der Einfluss einer Hörschädigung auf das Alltagshören kann durch die Sprachaudiometrie abgeschätzt werden. Es besteht eine große Variabilität in der Abhängigkeit des Sprachverstehens vom Hörverlust.

Material und Methoden
Es wurde eine große klinische Datenbank mit 28.261 Datensätzen mit vollständiger Ton- und Sprachaudiometrie analysiert. Das maximale Einsilberverstehen wurde in Abhängigkeit vom Tonhörverlust dargestellt und hinsichtlich seiner Verteilung ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
In einer Ranganalyse wurde die Verteilung der Perzentile in Abhängigkeit vom Tonhörverlust bis zu 80 dBHL bestimmt.

Schlussfolgerung
Die hier abgeleiteten Perzentile der Verteilung des maximalen Einsilberverstehen für einen vorgegebenen Reintonhörverlust können als Referenzwerte für einen disproportional hohen Verlust an Sprachverstehen herangezogen werden.
Greenland summer blocking characteristics: an evaluation of a high-resolution multi-model ensemble
Authors: Luu Linh N. , Hanna Edward , de Alwis Pitts Dilkushi , Maddison Jacob , Screen James A. , Catto Jennifer L. , Fettweis Xavier 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAtmospheric blocking is a phenomenon that can lead to extreme weather events over a large region, yet its causes are not fully understood. Global climate models show limitations in representing Northern Hemisphere blocking, especially its frequency, and decadal variability in Greenland blocking in summer in the recent decades. In this study we evaluate the ability of high-resolution (HighResMIP) Earth System Models (ESMs) to simulate summer blocking over the Greenland area, using different but complementary methods to describe the characteristics of blocking. We find that the HighResMIP ensemble can reproduce the spatial pattern of Greenland blocking events, albeit with systematic biases, and capture the relative frequencies of the main blocking patterns: namely the wave breaking structure, North Atlantic ridge, and omega-type blocking. However, the HighResMIP ensemble fails to simulate the observed temporal variations of Greenland blocking index (GB2) and the extremely high values of daily GB2 observed in recent decades. In addition, we do not find clearly superior representation of blocking features from higher-resolution in HighResMIP models compared with lower-resolution models. We also find large sea surface temperature (SST) biases over the North Atlantic and seas surrounding Greenland, and biases in moisture transport over the North Atlantic toward Greenland, especially over the western flank of blocking areas, which might together contribute to model biases in the representation of blocking magnitude.
The added value of using convective-permitting regional climate model simulations to represent cloud band events over South America
Authors: Zilli Marcia T. , Lemes Murilo Ruv , Hart Neil C. G. , Halladay Kate , Kahana Ron , Fisch Gilberto , Prein Andreas , Ikeda Kyoko , Liu Changhai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractClimate science has long explored whether higher resolution regional climate models (RCMs) provide improved simulation of regional climates over global climate models (GCMs). The advent of convective-permitting RCMs (CPRCMs), where sufficiently fine-scale grids allow explicitly resolving rather than parametrising convection, has created a clear distinction between RCM and GCM formulations. This study investigates the simulation of tropical-extratropical (TE) cloud bands in a suite of pan-South America convective-permitting Met Office Unified Model (UM) and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) climate simulations. All simulations produce annual cycles in TE cloud band frequency within 10–30% of observed climatology. However, too few cloud band days are simulated during the early summer (Nov–Dec) and too many during the core summer (Jan–Feb). Compared with their parent forcing, CPRCMs simulate more dry days but systematically higher daily rainfall rates, keeping the total rain biases low. During cloud band systems, the CPRCMs correctly reproduced the observed changes in tropical rain rates and their importance to climatology. Circulation analysis suggests that simulated lower subtropical rain rates during cloud bands systems, in contrast to the higher rates in the tropics, are associated with weaker northwesterly moisture flux from the Amazon towards southeast South America, more evident in the CPRCMs. Taken together, the results suggest that CPRCMs tend to be more effective at producing heavy daily rainfall rates than parametrised simulations for a given level of near-surface moist energy. The extent to which this improves or degrades biases present in the parent simulations is strongly region-dependent.
Clinical-applied anatomy of the carpal tunnel regarding mini-invasive carpal tunnel release
Authors: Kaiser Peter , Schmidle Gernot , Bode Simone , Seeher Ulrike , Honis Hanne-Rose , Moriggl Bernhard , Pechriggl Elisabeth , Stofferin Hannes , Konschake Marko 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Carpal tunnel release is a widely performed procedure. Despite a high success rate, iatrogenic neurovascular injuries can occur which lead to a painful and unsatisfying outcome. This study conducted a detailed examination of the anatomy of the carpal tunnel and the proximity of neurovascular structures that are particularly susceptible to injury, especially in the context of minimally invasive carpal tunnel release procedures.

Patients and methods
The anatomy of the carpal tunnel of 104 wrists of 52 body donors was examined. The precise anatomical location and the presence of variations were recorded for the median nerve, ulnar nerve, ulnar artery and Berrettini branch. The distance between the median nerve, the ulnar artery, the ulnar nerve, and the Berrettini branch was measured in a proximo-distal and radio-ulnar direction in relation to the distal ulnar end of the carpal tunnel.

Results
The authors identified four main dangerous anatomical situations. (1) A proximal separation of the Long-Finger/Ring-Finger branch of the median nerve together with a narrow safe-zone; (2) an ulnar take-off of the recurrent muscle branch of the median nerve with a close radio-ulnar distance to the distal ulnar end of carpal tunnel; (3) an ulnar arterial arch lying close to the transverse carpal ligament; and (4) a proximal Berrettini branch also lying close to the latter. All situations are illustrated by photographs. Additionally, the authors present a sonographic carpal tunnel assessment protocol in order to reduce the risk of injury of any neurovascular structure in the proximity of the carpal tunnel.

Conclusion
Certain patients may inherently face an increased risk of neurovascular injuries during minimally invasive carpal tunnel releases due to their anatomical variations. Four potentially risky scenarios were clearly illustrated. Consequently, one may consider conducting a preoperative ultrasound assessment of neurovascular structures at risk, when endoscopic or ultrasound-guided tunnel release are planned. In high-risk patients, open surgery should be preferred.

Level of evidence
II.
Postoperative outcomes in minimally invasive total versus supracervical hysterectomy for endometriosis: a NSQIP study
Authors: Meyer Raanan , McDonnell Jill , Hamilton Kacey M. , Schneyer Rebecca J. , Levin Gabriel , Wright Kelly N. , Siedhoff Matthew T. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To study the rate and odds of 30 day postoperative complications among patients undergoing minimally invasive total (TLH) compared to supracervical (LSCH) hysterectomy for endometriosis.

Study design
A cohort study of patients with a diagnosis of endometriosis undergoing hysterectomy. We used prospectively collected data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2012 to 2020. We compared short-term (30 day) complications, following minimally invasive TLH and LSCH for endometriosis. The primary outcome was the risk of any postoperative complications according to the surgical approach.

Results
A total of 5,278 patients were included, 4,952 (93.8%) underwent TLH and 326 (6.2%) underwent LSCH. The incidence of any complication was significantly lower in the LSCH group compared to the TLH group (3.7% vs. 8.5%, p = .001). Both major complications (1.5% vs. 3.7%, p = 0.043) and minor complications (2.8% vs. 5.4%, p = .039) were less frequent in the LSCH group compared to the TLH group.
In multivariable regression analysis, patients undergoing LSCH had significantly lower odds of any complication [aOR 95%CI 0.40 (0.22–0.72)], and of minor complications [aOR 95%CI 0.47 (0.24–0.92)] compared to TLH.

Conclusions
LSCH is associated with a lower odd of short-term postoperative complications compared to TLH for patients with endometriosis.
A network analysis of voice hearing, emotional distress and subjective recovery before and after cognitive behavioural interventions
Authors: Loizou Sofia , Schlier Björn , Fowler David , Hayward Mark 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground: There is a need to identify and to better understand key processes involved in voice hearing, which can inform the targeting and development of psychological interventions for distressing voices. The current study aimed to examine interrelations between the negative impact of voices, voice characteristics, emotional distress and recovery before and after cognitive behavioural interventions for voices (Coping Strategy Enhancement, guided self-help Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Relating Therapy and Person-Based Cognitive Therapy). Methods: The sample consisted of 172 participants from the Sussex Voices Clinic who completed pre- and post-treatment assessments. The negative impact of voices, voice characteristics, emotional distress and recovery were used to estimate two networks, before and after cognitive behavioural interventions, using the graphical lasso method with the extended Bayesian information criterion. Centrality indices were also computed, and the two networks were compared on connectivity, structure and individual edge weights. Results: Depression, anxiety and the negative impact of voices were identified as key central symptoms and acted as bridge symptoms in pre- and post-treatment networks. There were no significant differences in network structure (M = 0.155, p = .57), global strength (S = 0.188, p = .07) and centralities (C = -0.318, p = -.06) between the two networks. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that anxiety and depression are promising treatment targets, that can lead to reductions in voice-related distress, whereas the characteristics of voices and subjective recovery play little role in the network structure. Limitations include the lack of a control group and the lack of diversity within the sample.
BeGrading: large language models for enhanced feedback in programming education
Authors: Yousef Mina , Mohamed Kareem , Medhat Walaa , Mohamed Ensaf Hussein , Khoriba Ghada , Arafa Tamer 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have gained significant traction across various domains, including education. This paper explores the application of LLMs in grading programming assignments. By leveraging data collected from existing programming assignments and their corresponding grades, we aim to develop a robust LLM-based grading system. We also incorporate augmented data representing various grading scenarios to enhance the model’s performance and ensure comprehensive coverage across all grading levels. Our approach involves training the LLM on this combined dataset to enable accurate and consistent evaluation of programming assignments. The proposed model, BeGrading, aims to reduce the grading burden on educators and provide timely and objective feedback to students. Compared to the Codestral model, our proposed model demonstrates an absolute difference rate of 19%, equivalent to

$$\pm 0.95$$

±
0.95

out of 5. This is acceptable for using a small, fine-tuned model with optimized data. Additionally, the Codestral model compared to the dataset optimized score shows a difference of 15% equivalent to a margin of

$$\pm 0.75$$

±
0.75

out of 5. Preliminary results demonstrate the potential of LLMs to perform grading tasks with a high degree of reliability, opening avenues for further research and practical applications in automated education systems.
First episode depression during the perinatal period is associated with atopic diseases and persistently increased eosinophil and basophil levels
Authors: Wagner En-Young N. , Pichler Eva Maria , Müller Mario , Eisenhut Andrea , Buadze Ana , Xu Yanhua , Seifritz Erich , Strippoli Marie-Pierre F. , Castelao Enrique , Ranjbar Setareh , Glaus Jennifer , Vandeleur Caroline , Preisig Martin , von Känel Roland , Ajdacic-Gross Vladeta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
A previous diagnosis of depression is a strong predictor for perinatal depression, apart from other mental disorders, stress, and atopies. It is less clear which factors interfere if perinatal depression occurs as a first depression episode (fePND).

Methods
We examined the associations with atopies and related blood parameters using data of CoLaus|PsyCoLaus.

Results
Newly occurring depression during the perinatal period but not recurrent depression was associated with a lifetime diagnosis of allergies and asthma together with persistently increased levels of basophils and eosinophils.

Conclusion
The results imply that immune function may play a relevant role in the risk of a fePND. If confirmed and detailed, these findings could serve as the basis for designing preliminary prevention strategies by observing eosinophil and basophil levels as well as symptoms of atopic diseases before/during pregnancy.
Finding middle grounds for incoherent horn expressions: the moral machine case
Authors: Ozaki Ana , Rehman Anum , Slavkovik Marija 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSmart devices that operate in a shared environment with people need to be aligned with their values and requirements. We study the problem of multiple stakeholders informing the same device on what the right thing to do is. Specifically, we focus on how to reach a middle ground among the stakeholders inevitably incoherent judgments on what the rules of conduct for the device should be. We formally define a notion of middle ground and discuss the main properties of this notion. Then, we identify three sufficient conditions on the class of Horn expressions for which middle grounds are guaranteed to exist. We provide a polynomial time algorithm that computes middle grounds, under these conditions. We also show that if any of the three conditions is removed then middle grounds for the resulting (larger) class may not exist. Finally, we implement our algorithm and perform experiments using data from the Moral Machine Experiment. We present conflicting rules for different countries and how the algorithm finds the middle ground in this case.
Hydro-informer: a deep learning model for accurate water level and flood predictions
Authors: Almikaeel Wael , Šoltész Andrej , Čubanová Lea , Baroková Dana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aims to develop an advanced deep learning model, Hydro-Informer, for accurate water level and flood predictions, emphasizing extreme event forecasting. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset from the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute SHMI (2008–2020), which includes precipitation, water level, and discharge data, the model was trained using a ladder technique with a custom loss function to enhance focus on extreme values. The architecture integrates Recurrent and Convolutional Neural Networks (RNN, CNN), and Multi-Head Attention layers. Hydro-Informer achieved significant performance, with a Coefficient of Determination (R2) of 0.88, effectively predicting extreme water levels 12 h in advance in a river environment free from human regulation and structures. The model’s strong performance in identifying extreme events highlights its potential for enhancing flood management and disaster preparedness. By integrating with diverse data sources, the model can be used to develop a well-functioning warning system to mitigate flood impacts. This work proposes a novel architecture suitable for locations without water regulation structures.
Nonlinear analysis of hydrodynamics of a shallow-draft floating wind turbine
Authors: Terrero-Gonzalez Alicia , Dai Saishuai , Papadopoulos Jim , Neilson Richard. D. , Kapitaniak Marcin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study investigates numerically the dynamic responses of the T-Omega Wind novel concept of Floating Offshore Wind Turbine. The turbine is light-weight, has a shallow-draft and a relatively high centre of gravity that allows it to glide over harsh marine environments. The turbine responses are studied under regular wave excitation, considering most probable ranges of discrete sea wave heights and periods representative of real ocean conditions. A multibody virtual model is developed, simplified to a rigid 6 DOF system and experimentally validated in the state-of-art Marine Simulator to define the types of dynamical responses for both “Low” and “High” Sea States. The dynamics of coupled heave and pitch DOFs are evaluated with time histories, phase-plane portraits, Poincaré sections and FFT analyses to conclude that period-1 stable solutions exist for all studied cases of “Low Sea States”, whereas period-2, period-3 and period-4 periodic responses are identified for short wave periods of excitation under “High Sea States” conditions. Simulation results show that regions where period-1 responses exist are highly sensitive to wave height and can widen as the wave amplitude reduces. Finally, the turbines’ nonlinearities generated by the floats’ geometry are observed in this dynamical system, which are identified to be related to variation in float waterplane area and particularly observable for “High Sea States”.
When Co-Generative Learning Met Co-Production and Co-Creation - On How Three Different Concepts Shaped “Samskaping”
Authors: Klev Roger 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Norwegian/Danish word «samskaping” is today one of the most frequently used terms or concepts in the public discourse of development and change. Scholars familiar with the work of Morten Levin and Max Elden will recognize “samskaping” as a short translation of their model of “cogenerative learning”, originating from the discussion in the 80’s and 90’ on participative action research processes. However, there is no simple line of transfer of ideas from “cogenerative learning” in action research to “samskaping” in public sector today. Rather, three concepts from different disciplines all ended up being translated into or strongly associated with the newly constructed and popular Norwegian word “samskaping”, and Morten Levin’s “cogenerative learning” is one of the three. The two others are co-production and co-creation, which originates from fields of innovation research in private and public sector. Seen from the position of action research and the heritage from Morten Levin, this means that although his (and Max Eldens) concept (in the Norwegian translation) appears to have gained a strong impact Norway the last decade, the meaning and importance of the concept is partially lost to many of its later users. This article will track the main roots of “samskaping” as it has found its way in the everyday language of change and development in Norway, and will in particular try to reclaim for the term or concept, some of the main themes that shaped the discussion and the design of the co-generative learning model in PAR, in particular participation, power and social change.
Solving higher dimensional expensive black box global optimization problems using sparse directional search on surrogates
Authors: Liu Limeng , Yang Muming , Shoemaker Christine A. , Xie Tingting 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe present a new algorithm Directional Optimization Search with Surrogate (DOSS), for optimizing problems with box constraints and a computationally expensive black-box objective function. DOSS is a radial basis function (RBF) based method that mainly focuses on higher dimensional and computationally expensive objective functions that can be multimodal. DOSS introduces three new techniques not previously used in earlier RBF algorithms, including using a combination of the coordinates knowledge level, fewer initial sampling points, and the surrogate’s gradient information. Numerical results on a test set including 14 test problems with 36, 48, and 60 dimensions show that DOSS outperforms two recently published algorithms RBFOpt and TuRBO, and earlier RBF algorithms such as DYCORS. TuRBO is a Gaussian process based optimization algorithm, which outperformed earlier state-of-the-art methods. DOSS algorithm also has a good performance on real-world optimization problems, including robot pushing and rover trajectory planning problems. Almost sure convergence for the DOSS algorithm is also proven in this paper. An implementation of DOSS is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13731558.
Analysis and experiment of structural geometry for improved strain sensitivity of FBG sensors
Authors: Yadav Gaurav , Kumar Jitendra , Mahakud Ramakanta , Kumar Sudhir , Prakash Om 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents analysis and experimental studies to significantly enhance the strain sensitivity of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors by suitably modifying the host structure used for mounting the FBG. The proposed host structure is a novel, compact flexure beam-based design, specially engineered to amplify and convert horizontal strain into vertical strain more effectively. Its unique geometry includes circular sections for hinge connections, resulting in improved displacement amplification and reduced stress across the structure. Using ANSYS calculations and finite element analysis, simulations were conducted to evaluate the vertical deformation, stress, and longevity of the sensor's mechanical structure. Results from these simulations indicate an enhanced strain sensitivity of approximately 15.633 pm/με, a significant improvement over the 1.191 pm/με sensitivity observed with bare FBGs. Experimental tests were carried out on fabricated sensor structures to validate the enhancement in strain sensitivity. FBGs utilized in the experiments were inscribed using a 255 nm UV beam generated from a second harmonic copper vapour laser. The strain sensitivity of FBGs mounted on the optimized structure was found to increase up to 9.95 pm/με. The difference between simulation and experimental results are attributed to the partial absorption of strain by the adhesive used to affix FBGs.
Unwrapping the Influence of Proactive Personality on Job Satisfaction During Organizational Socialization: Examining the Intervening Effects of Newcomers’ Perceptions of Person–Environment Fit
Authors: Soares Sofia , Rodrigues Nuno , Rebelo Teresa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the mediating role of person–environment fit on the relationship between proactive personality and job satisfaction, during the organizational socialization stage. Specifically, it tests the role of person–organization fit and person–job fit, operationalized through its specific subdimensions of demands–abilities fit and needs–supplies (N–S) fit in this relationship. Relying upon a predictive design, a sample of 151 trainees completing their final master’s internship in different organizations was used and data were collected in 2 independent phases, at the beginning and after 5 months of their internships. Results showed a positive, significant link between proactive personality and job satisfaction, supporting the validity of this disposition for predicting this key outcome during organizational onboarding. Further mediation analyses revealed that this relationship is mediated by N–S fit. The main implications of these findings are discussed.