bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of a lip balm containing pseudo‐ceramide on the dry lips of sensitive skin‐conscious subjects
Authors: Isoda Keiichi , Nakamura Tadashi , Yoshida Kensuke , Tamura Eiko , Atsuta Nami , Ishida Koichi , Takagi Yutaka , Mizutani Hitoshi 
Published: May 2017

SummaryBackgroundMany people use lip care products daily to prevent dry lips. However, some people, especially those with sensitive skin‐consciousness, complain of various skin problems on their lips including contact dermatitis caused by lip care products. Dry lips have decreased water holding capacity and cutaneous barrier function as well as reduced stratum corneum ceramide levels. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of a newly formulated lip balm containing pseudo‐ceramide for the dry lips of subjects with sensitive skin.MethodThirty subjects with dry lips and sensitive skin‐consciousness used the test lip balm more than twice a day for 4 weeks. Lip conditions were evaluated before and after 2 and 4 weeks.ResultVisual evaluation by a dermatologist showed that overall improvements were observed in all subjects as early as week 2. After 4 weeks of usage, 27% of the subjects were objectively judged as “markedly improved” and 60% of the subjects were judged as “improved”. No adverse event developed throughout the test period, and all subjects were able to use the lip balm safely for 4 weeks. Usefulness was judged based on all evaluation items, and 27%, 70%, and 3% of the subjects were judged as “very useful,” “useful,” and “slightly useful,” respectively. Ninety percentage of the subjects expressed improvement and acceptance of the lip balm.ConclusionBased on these results, the newly formulated lip balm containing pseudo‐ceramide is very useful for the lip care of sensitive skin‐conscious subjects as well as for daily use by healthy subjects.
Climate change and human colonization triggered habitat loss and fragmentation in Madagascar
Authors: Salmona Jordi , Heller Rasmus , Quéméré Erwan , Chikhi Lounès 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe relative effect of past climate fluctuations and anthropogenic activities on current biome distribution is subject to increasing attention, notably in biodiversity hot spots. In Madagascar, where humans arrived in the last ~4 to 5,000 years, the exact causes of the demise of large vertebrates that cohabited with humans are yet unclear. The prevailing narrative holds that Madagascar was covered with forest before human arrival and that the expansion of grasslands was the result of human‐driven deforestation. However, recent studies have shown that vegetation and fauna structure substantially fluctuated during the Holocene. Here, we study the Holocene history of habitat fragmentation in the north of Madagascar using a population genetics approach. To do so, we infer the demographic history of two northern Madagascar neighbouring, congeneric and critically endangered forest dwelling lemur species—Propithecus tattersalli and Propithecus perrieri—using population genetic analyses. Our results highlight the necessity to consider population structure and changes in connectivity in demographic history inferences. We show that both species underwent demographic fluctuations which most likely occurred after the mid‐Holocene transition. While mid‐Holocene climate change probably triggered major demographic changes in the two lemur species range and connectivity, human settlements that expanded over the last four millennia in northern Madagascar likely played a role in the loss and fragmentation of the forest cover.
Advance care planning with individuals experiencing homelessness: Literature review and recommendations for public health practice
Authors: Hubbell Sarah A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVulnerable populations in the United States experience disparities in access to advance care planning and may have significant unmet health care needs at the end of life, including unrelieved suffering. People who are homeless have increased morbidity and mortality risks, yet lack opportunities to communicate end‐of‐life preferences. This paper includes a narrative literature review of advance care planning interventions and qualitative investigations into end‐of‐life concerns among people experiencing homelessness. Trials of clinician‐guided interventions with homeless individuals demonstrated effectiveness in achieving advance directive completion and surrogate decision‐maker designation. End‐of‐life concerns among homeless persons included fears of dying alone, dying unnoticed, or remaining unidentified after death. Research participants also reported concerns regarding burial and notification of family members. Public health practitioners should facilitate advance care planning for people who are homeless by providing opportunities for education and discussion on care options and advance directives.
Weed communities respond to changes in the diversity of crop sequence composition and double cropping
Authors: Andrade J F , Satorre E H , Ermácora C M , Poggio S L 
Published: May 2017

SummaryAgricultural intensification, besides increasing land productivity, also affects weed communities. We studied weed shifts in cropping sequences differing in the identity and number of crops grown. We also evaluated whether dissimilar weed communities in different cropping systems converge towards more similar communities, when the same sequence is cropped during 2 years. In three locations in the Rolling Pampa, Argentina, field experiments were conducted including five cropping systems in the first year (winter cereal/soyabean, field pea/soyabean, and field pea/maize double crops, and maize and soyabean as single crops), while the same sequence was grown in the following 2 years (wheat/soyabean double crop and maize). Changes in weed community composition and structure were analysed through multivariate analyses and frequency–species ranking plots. Weed communities differed first among sites, while weed shifts within each site were mainly associated with growing season and crop type. Differences among crop sequences were higher in the first year, mostly related to specific crop grown, rather than to the number of crops in the sequences. Differences were reduced when the same sequence was grown during two consecutive seasons. Frequency of highly common weeds was negatively associated with the number of days with high crop cover. Our findings contribute to understand weed shifts in consecutive growing seasons, which may help readapting crop sequences to reduce the occurrence of abundant weed species.
Theta bases are atomic
Authors: Mandel Travis 
Published: May 2017

Fock and Goncharov conjectured that the indecomposable universally positive (i.e. atomic) elements of a cluster algebra should form a basis for the algebra. This was shown to be false by Lee, Li and Zelevinsky. However, we find that the theta bases of Gross, Hacking, Keel and Kontsevich do satisfy this conjecture for a slightly modified definition of universal positivity in which one replaces the positive atlas consisting of the clusters by an enlargement we call the scattering atlas. In particular, this uniquely characterizes the theta functions.
Coupled cell networks: Boolean perspective
Authors: Swirydowicz Katarzyna 
Published: May 2017

During the 1980s and early 1990s, Martin Golubitsky and Ian Stewart В formulated and developed a theory of "coupled cell networks" (CCNs). Their research was primarily focused onquadrupeds' gaits and they applied the framework of differential equations. Golubitsky and Stewart were particularly interested in change of synchrony between $4$ legs of an animal. For example what happens when the animal speeds up from walk to gallop.В The most important concept of their theory is a {\it cell}. The cell captures the dynamics of one unit and a dynamical system consists of many identical (governed by the same principles) cells influencing (coupling to) each other. Models based on identical cooperating units are fairly common in many areas, especially in biology, ecology and sociology.В The goal of investigation in Coupled Cell Networks theory В is understanding the dependencies and interplay between dynamics of an individual cell, graph of connections between cells, and the nature of couplings.В \vspace*{0.2em}In this paper, I redefine Coupled Cell Networks using framework of Boolean functions. This moves the entire theory to a new setting. Some phenomena proved to be very similar as for continuous networks and some are completely different. Also, for discrete networks we ask questions differently and study different phenomena. The paper presents two examples: networks that bring 2-cell bidirectional ring as a quotient and networks that bring 3-cell bidirectional ring as a quotient.
Upper Echelons in Professional Sport: The Impact of NBA General Managers on Team Performance
Authors: Juravich Matthew , Salaga Steven , Babiak Kathy 
Published: May 2017

This study integrates upper echelons theory into the sport management literature by investigating general manager (GM) strategic decision-making in the National Basketball Association. Specifically, this research examines individual contextual variables as they relate to the human resource decision-making tendencies of GMs. Utilizing 17 seasons of data on team performance and individual GM characteristics, we estimate two-stage panel regression models to examine the relationship between GM-related variables and organizational performance. We find that both GM technical experience and GM education are positively related to winning and efficiency. The results also illustrate the importance of acquiring elite-level talent and indicate positive returns to GMs whom are able to do so. These findings are relevant for team ownership and suggest a link between organizational performance and the personal characteristics of league GMs. The analysis furthers our understanding of the GM–team player talent–organizational performance relationship in professional sport.
Overcoming the lack of kinetic information in biochemical reactions networks
Authors: Totis Niccoló , Follia Laura , Riganti Chiara , Novelli Francesco , Cordero Francesca , Beccuti Marco 
Published: May 2017

A main aspect in computational modelling of biological systems is the determination of model structure and model parameters. Due to economical and technical reasons, only part of these details are well characterized, while the rest are unknown. To deal with this difficulty, many reverse engineering and parameter estimation methods have been proposed in the literature, however these methods often need an amount of experimental data not always available.
In this paper we propose an alternative approach, which overcomes model indetermination solving an Optimization Problem (OP) with an objective function that, similarly to Flux Balance Analysis, is derived from an empirical biological knowledge and does not require large amounts of data. The system behaviour is described by a set of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE). Model indetermination is resolved selecting time-varying coefficients that maximize/ minimize the objective function at each ODE integration step. Moreover, to facilitate the modelling phase we provide a graphical formalism, based on Petri Nets, which can be used to derive the corresponding ODEs and OP. Finally, the approach is illustrated on a case study focused on cancer metabolism.
Statin Use, Serum Lipids, and Prostate Inflammation in Men with a Negative Prostate Biopsy: Results from the REDUCE Trial
Authors: Allott Emma H. , Howard Lauren E. , Vidal Adriana C. , Moreira Daniel M. , Castro-Santamaria Ramiro , Andriole Gerald L. , Freedland Stephen J. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Statin use is associated with lower advanced prostate cancer risk. In addition to cholesterol lowering, statins have systemic anti-inflammatory properties. However, their effect on histologic prostate inflammation is not well understood, particularly among men at increased prostate cancer risk but with a negative prostate biopsy. We examined associations between serum lipid levels, statin use, and histologic prostate inflammation using data from 6,655 men with a negative baseline prostate biopsy in the REduction by DUtasteride of prostate Cancer Events (REDUCE) trial. Statin use and lipid levels [total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides] were assessed at baseline. Inflammation was assessed by central review. Logistic regression was used to examine the effects of lipids and statin use on presence and extent of chronic and acute prostate inflammation [none, moderate (&lt;20%), severe (≥20% biopsy cores)]. Chronic and acute inflammation affected 77% and 15% of men, respectively. Men with high HDL (≥60 vs. &lt;40 mg/dL) had reduced presence of acute inflammation [OR, 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63–0.99] and were less likely to have severe acute inflammation (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45–0.97), but there were no other associations between lipids and inflammation. Statin users had reduced presence of chronic inflammation (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.69–0.95) and were less likely to have severe chronic (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.68–0.95) and severe acute inflammation (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.53–1.00), relative to non-users. Given the possible role for inflammation in prostate cancer, the inverse association between statins and prostate inflammation suggests a mechanism linking statins with lower advanced prostate cancer risk. Cancer Prev Res; 10(6); 319–26. ©2017 AACR.
To Treat or Not to Treat
Authors: Appelros Peter , Farahmand Bahman , Terént Andreas , Åsberg Signild 
Published: May 2017

Background and Purpose—
Anticoagulant treatment is effective for preventing recurrent ischemic strokes in patients who have atrial fibrillation. This benefit is paid by a small increase of hemorrhages. Anticoagulant-related hemorrhages seem to increase with age, but there are few studies showing whether the benefits of treatment persist in old age.

Methods—
For this observational study, 4 different registers were used, among them Riksstroke, the Swedish Stroke Register. Patients who have had a recent ischemic stroke, were 80 to 100 years of age, and had atrial fibrillation, were included from 2006 through 2013. The patients were stratified into 3 age groups: 80 to 84, 85 to 89, and ≥90 years of age. Information on stroke severity, risk factors, drugs, and comorbidities was gathered from the registers. The patients were followed with respect to ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, other hemorrhages, or death.

Results—
Of all 23 356 patients with atrial fibrillation, 6361 (27%) used anticoagulants after an ischemic stroke. Anticoagulant treatment was associated with less recurrent ischemic stroke in all age groups. Hemorrhages increased most in the ≥90-year age group, but this did not offset the overall beneficial effect of the anticoagulant. Apart from age, no other cardiovascular risk factor or comorbidity was identified that influenced the risk of anticoagulant-associated hemorrhage. Drugs other than anticoagulants did not influence the incidence of major hemorrhage.

Conclusions—
Given the patient characteristics in this study, there is room for more patients to be treated with anticoagulants, without hemorrhages to prevail. In nonagenarians, hemorrhages increased somewhat more, but this did not affect the overall outcome in this age stratum.
Some Comments on the Alleged Innateness of Religion
Authors: Purzycki Benjamin Grant 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis response assesses the claim that Barrett views religious beliefs as non-cultural entities that stem from “innate” cognitive systems “meant for” a “singular idea of God.” By briefly reviewing the literature and Barrett’s actual position—that people are especially sensitive to learning religious beliefs by virtue of cognitive systems that function in domains more mundane than religion—I conclude that the target article misrepresents Barrett’s views about the naturalness of religion.
Unmet need for professional mental health care among adolescents with high psychological distress
Authors: Sheppard Rachel , Deane Frank P , Ciarrochi Joseph 
Published: May 2017

Objectives: This study reports the rate of unmet needs for professional mental health care in a large multi-state sample of adolescents. We also sought to describe barriers to professional help, informal help seeking and future help-seeking intentions among adolescents with wholly unmet needs for counselling for mental illness. Methods: We collected measures of mental health, help-seeking and unmet needs in 1599 students (817 males and 781 females) in 16 schools (mean age = 17.7 years, standard deviation = 0.42 years). Adolescents meeting ‘case’ criteria for high psychological distress were classified as having no need, fully met needs, partially met needs or wholly unmet needs. Participants were asked about actual service use, perceived unmet needs, barriers to professional help, help seeking from other sources, use of self-management strategies and future help seeking intentions. Results: In all, 35.7% ( n = 571) of the sample met criteria to be designated ‘cases’ with high psychological distress. Of these, 25.9% ( n = 148) were classified as having ‘wholly unmet needs’ (cases of untreated prevalence with self-perceived unmet needs), translating into 9.3% of the original sample. Compared to cases with partially met needs, adolescents with wholly unmet needs engaged in significantly less self-help, used less informal help from family/friends and reported lower future help-seeking intentions. Common barriers to care included a preference for self-management and concerns regarding stigma. Conclusions: A concerning proportion of adolescents have untreated high psychological distress with wholly unmet mental health needs. This group is rendered particularly vulnerable by low rates of access to non-professional sources of help and low engagement in self-management strategies. Further research is needed to support this vulnerable group to access needed professional mental health help.
Post-Compulsory Education in England: Choices and Implications
Authors: Hupkau Claudia , McNally Sandra , Ruiz-Valenzuela Jenifer , Ventura Guglielmo 
Published: May 2017

Most students do not follow the ‘academic track’ (i.e. A-levels) after leaving school and only about a third of students go to university before the age of 20. Yet progression routes for the majority that do not take this path but opt for vocational post-compulsory education are not as well-known, which partly has to do with the complexity of the vocational education system and the difficulty of deciphering available data. If we are to tackle long-standing problems of low social mobility and a long tail of underachievers, it is essential that post-16 vocational options come under proper scrutiny. This paper is a step in that direction.We use linked administrative data to track decisions made by all students in England who left compulsory education after having undertaken the national examination – the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) – at age 16 in the year 2009/10. We track them up to the age of 21, as they progress through the education system and (for some) into the labour market. We categorise the many different types of post-16 qualifications into several broad categories and we look at the probability of achieving various educational and early labour market outcomes, conditional on the path chosen at age 17. We also take into account the influence of demographics, prior attainment and the secondary school attended. Our findings illustrate the strong inequality apparently generated by routes chosen at age 17, even whilst controlling for prior attainment and schooling up to that point
Proactive Coping, Time Perspective and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Dwivedi Akansha , Rastogi Renu 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: This study aims to analyze how time perspective (TP) (future and present) and proactive coping (preventive and proactive) strategies influence the life satisfaction of emerging adults. Design/methodology/approach: The present study is basically correlational in nature. The data was collected from 90 undergraduate first-year students who are just entered to the stage of early adulthood. To measure the reaction of these students on three questionnaires (Zimbardo Time Inventory, proactive coping inventory and Satisfaction with Life Scale [SWLS]). Generalized linear and stepwise regression models were conducted for data analysis. Findings: The results showed, as expected, that proactive coping emerging as a single significant predictor of life satisfaction of emerging adults. Originality/value: The study offers a model that extends the scope of previous research works in the field of life satisfaction. It also provides a new research paradigm to the area of emerging adulthood as in it introduces some individual factors that could enhance their (emerging adulthood) life satisfaction.
A Real-World Experience Comparison of Percutaneous and Open Femoral Exposure for Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in a Tertiary Medical Center
Authors: Mukherjee Dipankar , Emery Erica , Majeed Rashad , Heshmati Keyvan , Hashemi Homayoun 
Published: May 2017

Objective: To compare the outcomes of elective percutaneous endovascular aneurysm repair (PEVAR) versus surgical cutdown endovascular aneurysm repair (SEVAR) procedures performed at a tertiary medical center from 2012 to 2015. Methods: This is a unique study using procedure data from two vascular surgeons who performed SEVAR in almost every case versus three vascular surgeons who performed PEVAR in all cases except when considered prohibitive on account of circumferential calcification or severe occlusive disease of the common femoral artery or some other technical consideration. Medical records of patients aged 18 years or older undergoing elective PEVAR or SEVAR between January 2012 and December 2015 were reviewed. Differences in readmissions and complications between patients who received PEVAR and those who received SEVAR were assessed using Fisher’s exact test. The exact Cochran-Armitage test was used to assess trends in length of stay between the PEVAR and SEVAR group. Results: A total of 183 patients were analyzed. In total, 132 underwent PEVAR and 51 underwent SEVAR. A statistically significant difference was noted with regard to 30-day readmissions (2.3% vs 13.7%, P = .006) in favor of PEVAR and categorical length of stay tended to be longer in the SEVAR group ( P = .003). The 30-day complication rate was not statistically different (6.8% vs 15.7%, P = .09). Conclusions: Surgical cutdown endovascular aneurysm repair results in more readmissions, often related to groin wound complications, which lead to prolonged length of stay and expense. Patients undergoing PEVAR tend to have a shorter length of stay. Overall complication rate was similar in the two groups. We recommend PEVAR for patients with appropriate anatomy.