bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency and prognostic value of resistance/intolerance to hydroxycarbamide in 890 patients with polycythaemia vera
Authors: Alvarez‐Larrán Alberto , Kerguelen Ana , Hernández‐Boluda Juan C. , Pérez‐Encinas Manuel , Ferrer‐Marín Francisca , Bárez Abelardo , Martínez‐López Joaquín , Cuevas Beatriz , Mata M. Isabel , García‐Gutiérrez Valentín , Aragües Pilar , Montesdeoca Sara , Burgaleta Carmen , Caballero Gonzalo , Hernández‐Rivas J. Angel , Durán M. Antonia , Gómez‐Casares M. Teresa , Besses Carles ,   the Grupo Español de Enfermedades Mieloproliferativas Filadelfia Negativas (GEMFIN)
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe clinical significance of resistance/intolerance to hydroxycarbamide (HC) was assessed in a series of 890 patients with polycythaemia vera (PV). Resistance/intolerance to HC was recorded in 137 patients (15·4%), consisting of: need for phlebotomies (3·3%), uncontrolled myeloproliferation (1·6%), failure to reduce massive splenomegaly (0·8%), development of cytopenia at the lowest dose of HC to achieve a response (1·7%) and extra‐haematological toxicity (9%). With a median follow‐up of 4·6 years, 99 patients died, resulting in a median survival of 19 years. Fulfilling any of the resistance/intolerance criteria had no impact on survival but when the different criteria were individually assessed, an increased risk of death was observed in patients developing cytopenia [Hazard ratio (HR): 3·5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1·5–8·3, P = 0·003]. Resistance/intolerance had no impact in the rate of thrombosis or bleeding. Risk of myelofibrotic transformation was significantly higher in those patients developing cytopenia (HR: 5·1, 95% CI: 1·9–13·7, P = 0·001) and massive splenomegaly (HR: 9·1, 95% CI: 2·3–35·9, P = 0·002). Cytopenia at the lowest dose required to achieve a response was also an independent risk factor for transformation to acute leukaemia (HR: 20·3, 95% CI: 5·4–76·5, P < 0·001). In conclusion, the unified definition of resistance/intolerance to HC delineates a heterogeneous group of PV patients, with those developing cytopenia being associated with an adverse outcome.
A survey of patient expectations regarding sexual function following radical prostatectomy
Authors: Deveci Serkan , Gotto Geoffrey T. , Alex Byron , O'Brien Keith , Mulhall John P. 
Published: December 2015

ObjectiveTo assess the understanding of patients, who had previously undergone radical prostatectomy (RP), about their postoperative sexual function, as clinical experience suggests that some RP patients have unrealistic expectations about their long‐term sexual function.Patients and MethodsPatients presenting within 3 months of their open RP or robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) were questioned about the sexual function information that they had received preoperatively. Patients were questioned about erectile function (EF), postoperative ejaculatory status, orgasm, and postoperative penile morphology changes. Statistical analyses were performed to assess for differences between patients who underwent open RP vs RALP.ResultsIn all, 336 consecutive patients (from nine surgeons) with a mean (SD) age of 64 (11) years had the survey instrument administered (216 underwent open RP and 120 underwent RALP). There were no significant differences in patient age or comorbidity profiles between the two groups. Only 38% of men had an accurate recollection of their nerve‐sparing status. The mean (SD) elapsed time after RP at the time of postoperative assessment was 3 (2) months. RALP patients expected a shorter EF recovery time (6 vs 12 months, P = 0.02), a higher likelihood of recovery back to baseline EF (75% vs 50%, P = 0.01), and a lower potential need for intracavernosal injection therapy (4% vs 20%, P = 0.01). Almost half of all patients were unaware that they were rendered anejaculatory by their surgery. None of the RALP patients and only 10% of open RP patients recalled being informed of the potential for penile length loss (P < 0.01) and none were aware of the association between RP and Peyronie's disease.ConclusionsPatients who have undergone RP have largely unrealistic expectations about their postoperative sexual function.
From mouse to man: predicting biased effects of beta‐blockers in asthma
Authors: Lipworth B J , Anderson W J , Short P M 
Published: December 2015

Linked ArticlesThis article is a Commentary on Thanawala VJ, Valdez DJ, Joshi R, Forkuo GS, Parra S, Knoll BJ, Bouvier M, Leff P and Bond RA (2015). Beta‐blockers have differential effects on the murine asthma phenotype. Br J Pharmacol 172: 4833–4846. doi: 10.1111/bph.13253. The authors reply in Bond RA (2016). Differences in asthma study models and the effectiveness of β2‐adrenoceptor ligands: response to Lipworth et al. Br J Pharmacol 173: 250–251. doi: 10.1111/bph.13334.
A comparison of cat‐related risk perceptions and tolerance for outdoor cats in Florida and Hawaii
Authors: Wald Dara M. , Lohr Cheryl A. , Lepczyk Christopher A. , Jacobson Susan K. , Cox Linda J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRisk perceptions and attitudes toward animals often explain tolerance for wildlife and management preferences. However, little is understood about how these relationships vary across different geographic regions and stakeholder groups. To address this gap in knowledge, we compared differences in acceptance capacity, risk perceptions, perceived enjoyment from outdoor cats, and experiences with outdoor cats among 3 groups (general public, conservation community, and animal‐welfare community) in Hawaii and Florida, two states with large conservation challenges. We combined independently collected data from Florida and Hawaii, to determine how perception of the risks presented by outdoor cats, group membership, and state of residence influenced people's tolerance for outdoor cats. Florida respondents were significantly more tolerant of outdoor cats and less concerned about cat‐related risks than Hawaii respondents (p < 0.05). In both states, animal‐welfare group members reported greater enjoyment seeing cats and perceived a smaller increase in the cat population and lower levels of risk than other groups (p < 0.05). All groups exhibited similar relationships between acceptance capacity and enjoyment and the perceived increase in the cat population. Our results suggest public tolerance for cats varied due to the influence of local or geographical concerns, but that strongly held beliefs, risk perceptions, and feelings about cats explained more of the variance in stakeholder tolerance.
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis in adults: review of cases reported in the latest 15 years
Authors: Chen Xi‐Yuan , Sun Jin‐Ming , Huang Xiao‐Jun 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disorder of unknown etiology which can cause diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. IPH is found primarily in children. In adults, however, it is extremely rare. A systematic review was applied to identify the details of IPH in adults.MethodsArticles of English or Chinese language published between 2000 and 2015 were included. Data were extracted on the clinical features, examinations, treatments and clinical outcome.ResultsA total of 37 cases of adult‐onset IPH were included (13 females and 24 males). IPH combined with coeliac disease was found in five patients, three of whom received gluten‐free diet (GFD) only and got full remission. Upon diagnosis, median age was 34 years. The main manifestations were: hemoptysis (n = 30, 81%), dyspnea (n = 23, 64%), anemia (n = 20, 54%). Most patients were treated by corticosteroids initially. The mortality rage was 14% on acute phase.ConclusionThe adult patients in this study showed some differences from the previously characterized IPH. It is characterized by immunologically mediated, middle‐age onset, male dominance, absence of anemia, high mortality on acute phase.
Bridging factorial and gradient concepts of resource co‐limitation: towards a general framework applied to consumers
Authors: Sperfeld Erik , Raubenheimer David , Wacker Alexander 
Published: December 2015

AbstractOrganism growth can be limited either by a single resource or by multiple resources simultaneously (co‐limitation). Efforts to characterise co‐limitation have generated two influential approaches. One approach uses limitation scenarios of factorial growth assays to distinguish specific types of co‐limitation; the other uses growth responses spanned over a continuous, multi‐dimensional resource space to characterise different types of response surfaces. Both approaches have been useful in investigating particular aspects of co‐limitation, but a synthesis is needed to stimulate development of this recent research area. We address this gap by integrating the two approaches, thereby presenting a more general framework of co‐limitation. We found that various factorial (co‐)limitation scenarios can emerge in different response surface types based on continuous availabilities of essential or substitutable resources. We tested our conceptual co‐limitation framework on data sets of published and unpublished studies examining the limitation of two herbivorous consumers in a two‐dimensional resource space. The experimental data corroborate the predictions, suggesting a general applicability of our co‐limitation framework to generalist consumers and potentially also to other organisms. The presented framework might give insight into mechanisms that underlie co‐limitation responses and thus can be a seminal starting point for evaluating co‐limitation patterns in experiments and nature.
Thermal Sensitivity of Aggression in Two Terrestrial Salamanders, Plethodon cylindraceus and P. montanus
Authors: Clay Timothy A. , Gifford Matthew E. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractUnderstanding the abiotic and biotic mechanisms regulating species distributions is an important area of study for ecologists. Increasingly, studies have begun to focus on the influence of abiotic conditions on biotic interactions. Numerous examples of interspecific aggression exist within the terrestrial salamander genus Plethodon and many occur between montane endemics and lowland conspecifics. Here, we explore how variation in temperature might influence aggressive interactions between two Plethodon species that have relatively broad elevational overlap, P. cylindraceus and P. montanus. We found that both species increased aggressive acts with increasing temperatures. We also found that the pattern of variation in aggression across test temperatures differed between species. Interestingly, we found that the lowland congener, P. cylindraceus, was more aggressive than the montane endemic, P. montanus, a pattern opposite of previous observations within Plethodon. The large range of sympatry observed between these species may be a result of a reverse of what is expected based on previous research with congeners in similar systems and not the result of temperature‐specific outcomes.
An approach for community detection in social networks based on cooperative games theory
Authors: Zhou Lihua , Lü Kevin , Liu Weiyi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractDetecting communities is of great importance in social network analysis. However it is an issue that has not yet been satisfactorily solved, despite the efforts made by interdisciplinary research communities over the past few years, because of the nature of complexity in deciding how community structures should be recognized. In this paper we propose an approach based on cooperative game theory for community detection in social networks. We regard individuals as players, and regard communities as coalitions formed by players, and model community detection problem as the formation and optimization of coalitions. Furthermore, we define coalition profile for players to indicate coalitions that players joined, the order of a coalition profile is defined as the number of coalitions in a coalition profile, and we introduce a utility function to measure preference of coalition profiles. Accordingly, we propose an algorithm to detect a coalition profile with maximal utility function values. We have implemented the algorithms developed in this study and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approaches.
Distinct X chromosomal rearrangements in four haemophilia B patients with entire F9 deletion
Authors: Nakamura Y. , Ando Y. , Takagi Y. , Murata M. , Kozuka T. , Nakata Y. , Hasebe R. , Takagi A. , Matsushita T. , Shima M. , Kojima T. 
Published: December 2015

IntroductionHaemophilia B is an X‐linked bleeding disorder caused by a coagulation factor IX gene (F9) abnormality. Numerous F9 defects have been identified to date; however, only a few with an entire F9 deletion have been reported in detail.AimTo elucidate the cause of severe haemophilia B, we investigated the precise X chromosome abnormalities in four Japanese patients who did not show all amplifications in F9‐specific PCR.MethodsWe analysed the patient's genomic DNA using Multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA). To assess the extent of any deletions, we further performed mapping PCRs, inverse PCRs or long‐range PCRs and direct sequencing analyses of the X chromosome.ResultsWe detected entire F9 deletions in four haemophilia B patients and identified the precise deleted regions of the X chromosome including F9. Patient 1 had a 149‐kb deletion with breakpoints 90‐kb upstream and 30‐kb downstream from F9. Patients 2 and 3 showed 273‐kb and 1.19‐Mb deletions respectively. Patient 4 had two deleted regions: a 1663‐bp deletion 1.34‐Mb upstream from F9 and a 7.2‐Mb deletion including F9. These distinct breakpoints found in four different patients suggest that the mechanism of X chromosome deletion may be different between individuals. Non‐allelic homologous recombination (NAHR), microhomology‐mediated break‐induced replication (MMBIR) or fork stalling and template switching (FoSTeS) may occur in respective X chromosomes of the four haemophilia B patients analysed.ConclusionsWe identified diverse X chromosomal rearrangements in four haemophilia B patients, which might be caused by distinct mechanisms of genomic rearrangement.
Addressing Library Anxiety (LA) in student nurses: a study in an NHS Foundation Trust Hospital library and information service
Authors: Still Madeleine 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLibrary anxiety is a concept which has been recognised in academic library circles since the early 1990s. It can result in students actively avoiding the library for the duration of their studies. Madeleine Still is Trust Librarian at North Tees & Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust and while studying for an MSc, recognised that some student nurses were exhibiting signs of library anxiety. She decided to make it the focus of her MSc dissertation, and this article discusses her research project as well as highlighting the measures she has taken to address the issues she uncovered. Madeleine graduated in July 2013 with an MSc in Information & Library Studies from Robert Gordon University.AM
The effectiveness of electrocautery ablation for the treatment of high‐grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV‐infected men who have sex with men
Authors: Burgos J , Curran A , Landolfi S , Navarro J , Tallada N , Guelar A , Crespo M , Ocaña I , Ribera E , Falcó V 
Published: December 2015

ObjectivesElectrocautery is one of the main treatment options for high‐grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (HGAIN). However, data regarding its efficacy are scarce. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of electrocautery for the treatment of HGAIN.MethodsAn observational study of HIV‐infected men who have sex with men (MSM) who underwent screening for anal dysplasia was carried out. The on‐treatment effectiveness of electrocautery was evaluated (according to biopsy findings measured 6–8 weeks after treatment) in patients with HGAIN. A complete response was defined as resolution of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN), a partial response as regression to low‐grade AIN and recurrence as biopsy‐proven HGAIN during follow‐up.ResultsFrom May 2009 to November 2014, 21.9% (126 of 576) of patients screened were found to have HGAIN. Electrocautery effectiveness was evaluated in 83 patients. A complete response was observed in 27 patients [32.5%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 23.4–53.2%], a partial response in 28 patients (33.7%; 95% CI 24.5–44.4%) and persistence in 28 patients (33.7%; 95% CI 24.5–44.4%). The patients with the most successful results (81.8%) required two to four sessions of electrocautery. After a mean follow‐up of 12.1 months, 14 of 55 patients with a response (25.4%; 95% CI 15.8–38.3%) developed recurrent HGAIN within a mean time of 29.9 months (95% CI 22–37.7 months). No patient progressed to invasive cancer during the study or developed serious adverse events after treatment. No factors associated with poor response or recurrences were observed.ConclusionsAlthough electrocautery is the standard treatment for anal dysplasia, almost 50% of patients with HGAIN in our study did not respond or relapsed. New treatment strategies are necessary to optimize the management of anal dysplasia.
ETHNICITY AND GREEK HISTORY: RE‐EXAMINING OUR ASSUMPTIONS
Authors: VLASSOPOULOS KOSTAS 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The study of ethnicity has become particularly popular over the last twenty years. This article explores certain unexamined assumptions concerning ancient ethnicity and points out certain important blind spots of modern research, focusing in particular on Jonathan Hall's contributions to the debate. Greek historians have devoted little time to thinking about the groups to which the concept of ethnicity is applicable: by exploring together the similarities and differences between poleis, regional, trans-regional, and Panhellenic ethnicities, some startling conclusions emerge. Furthermore, Greek historians have devoted little time to explaining why the concept of ethnicity is a better conceptual tool than that of nationality. But the concept of ethnicity tends to elide the question of an organised community and its shared activities in the formation of identity, with major resulting consequences. Instead of an essentialist definition of ethnicity, like that of Hall, I sketch an alternative framework that approaches ethnicity not as a static entity but as an open-endedprocess, in which the diverse Greek ethnicities moved variously within a spectrum, ranging between a collective and a communal pole.
Improving academic attitudes among ethnic minority youth at risk for early school leaving: the interactive effects of cross‐group friendships and ethnic identity
Authors: Cardinali Paola , Migliorini Laura , Andrighetto Luca , Rania Nadia , Visintin Emilio Paolo 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA growing body of research suggests that positive interethnic experiences enhance academic attitudes among ethnic minority youth. A number of studies also show that minority youth with an achieved ethnic identity have better academic attitudes and performance. Integrating these literatures, we aim to verify the combined effects of cross‐group friendships and ethnic identity on academic attitudes among a sample of youth at risk for early school leaving. The results showed that cross‐group friendships had a positive impact on academic attitudes for minority youth, but not for majority youth. However, individual levels of ethnic identity moderated these effects, which held true for minority youth with higher levels of ethnic identity. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Reassessing Risk Factors in Pediatric Patients With Pacemakers Implanted for Atrioventricular Block: The Impact of Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: NIU MARY C. , MORRIS SHAINE A. , KRENEK MICHELE , DE LA UZ CARIDAD M. , PEDROZA CLAUDIA , MIYAKE CHRISTINA Y. , KIM JEFFREY J. , VALDÉS SANTIAGO O. 
Published: December 2015

Ventricular Tachycardia and Atrioventricular BlockIntroductionIn pediatric patients with pacemakers implanted for atrioventricular block (AVB), nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) detected during routine surveillance is a finding of unknown significance. We sought to describe the incidence of NSVT and determine if there was an association between NSVT and adverse outcomes in these patients.Methods and ResultsThis is a single‐center retrospective study of 136 patients (1971—2013) with pacemakers implanted for advanced and complete AVB. Exclusion criteria: structural heart disease, diagnoses of myocarditis, cardiomyopathy or channelopathy preceding AVB diagnosis, and sustained or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) as the first occurring arrhythmia after pacemaker implant. During median follow‐up of 11.6 years (IQR 4.3 years, 17 years), 14 (10%) patients had NSVT. There were 6 (4.4%) deaths. Overall, Kaplan–Meier 20‐year survival from time of implant was 93%. By univariate analysis, earlier mortality was associated with NSVT (P = 0.010), sustained left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (P = 0.004), maternal autoantibodies (P = 0.017), and acquired AVB (P = 0.049). By multivariate analysis, earlier mortality was associated with NSVT (HR: 5.39 [95% CI: 1.02—28.41]; P = 0.047) and sustained LV dysfunction (HR: 10.24 [95% CI: 1.83—57.32]; P = 0.008).ConclusionsIn children with pacemakers implanted for AVB, NSVT is not uncommon and may be associated with increased mortality. Persistent LV dysfunction may also be a potential factor associated with death. Closer follow‐up should be considered in patients with these findings. Large, multicenter studies should be considered to confirm these findings and identify risk stratification methods for this unique patient population.
Tooth loss in molars with and without furcation involvement – a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nibali Luigi , Zavattini Angelo , Nagata Kohji , Di Iorio Anna , Lin Guo‐Hao , Needleman Ian , Donos Nikos 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate risk of tooth loss in molars with furcation involvement (FI) based on initial diagnosis.Materials and MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, LILACS and Cochrane Library for longitudinal studies with at least 3 years follow‐up including measures of FI and data on tooth loss.ResultsA total of 21 studies were included in the review, from an initial search of 1207 titles. The relative risk of tooth loss during maintenance therapy attributable to FI was 1.46 (95% CI = 0.99–2.15, p = 0.06) for studies up to 10 years and 2.21 (95% CI = 1.79–2.74, p < 0.0001) for studies with a follow‐up of 10–15 years. A gradual increase in the risk of tooth loss was observed for molars with degree II and III FI.ConclusionsThe presence of FI approximately doubles the risk of tooth loss for molars maintained in supportive periodontal therapy for up to 10–15 years. However, most molars, even with grade III FI respond well to periodontal therapy, suggesting that every effort should be made to maintain these teeth when possible. Long‐term studies reporting patient‐reported outcomes are needed to substantiate this conclusion.