bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
We are Country—Country mentors us
Authors: Harry Matilda , Trudgett Michelle , Page Susan , Grace Rebekah 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article explores epistemological and ontological accounts of Country’s mentorship among young Indigenous Australian knowledge holders, creatives, entrepreneurs, changemakers, and advocates. Using a qualitative decolonising race theoretical lens, the research team adapted and explored multi‐directional, more‐than‐human understandings of the human–Country mentorship relationship to reflect young mob experiences of enacting and embodying Country. The findings highlight Country’s agency, sentience, and authority, whereby young mob shared how they were guided by, sustained by, and obligated to Country. This research honours Country as a knowledge holder and mentor. The research team aims to be transformative by showing new ways to understand Country and both‐ways mentorship relationships with young mob and Country. The article is a unique contribution to the research field, as mentorship literature often fails to effectively unpack Indigenous Australian relationality with Country, problematises young mob, and is contextually bound to individual programs, singular communities, or cohorts. By giving voice to Country as a mentor, the research team aims to disrupt Western hegemonic power relations in dominant mentorship frameworks and challenge mentorship theory, practice, and policy. We hope this article encourages geographers and others to take Indigenous ways of knowing, being, doing and becoming more seriously.
Luxembourg: Political Developments and Data in 2023
Authors: DUMONT PATRICK , KIES RAPHAEL 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLuxembourg politics in 2023 was dominated by the local election in June followed by the national election in October. Local elections were characterized by a limited participation of foreigners and a certain stability of the political forces. Christian‐Social People's Party/Chrëschtlech‐Sozial Vollekspartei (CSV) remained by far the first party despite a slight drop in seats, and The Greens/Déi Gréng experienced proportionally the most significant drop in seats. As for the local elections, the national elections have been marked by the maintaining of the CSV as the first party, and the massive loss of the Green party. The significant drop of the Green party made the existing three coalition parties (DP‐LSAP‐Gréng) arithmetically impossible, positioning the leader of the CSV and new Prime Minister, Luc Frieden, in an ideal position to lead a coalition government. As expected, Luc Frieden and his party formed a coalition with the DP, which is closer to its political program and guarantees a comfortable majority in the Parliament.
Incidence of buprenorphine‐precipitated opioid withdrawal in adults with opioid use disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Gregory Caroline , Yadav Krishan , Linders Jordyn , Sikora Lindsey , Eagles Debra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsBuprenorphine is an evidence‐based treatment for opioid use disorder, and the risk of precipitated withdrawal contributes to its underuse. The goal of this systematic review was to determine the incidence of buprenorphine‐precipitated withdrawal in adults with opioid use disorder.MethodsThis systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023437634). We searched Medline, Embase Classic + Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to 10 November 2023, and included original research that reported the incidence of sublingual buprenorphine‐precipitated withdrawal in adults with opioid use disorder. Primary screening was completed by four independent reviewers. Full text review, data extraction and risk of bias assessments using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool were completed by two independent reviewers. The primary outcome was precipitated withdrawal. Secondary outcomes were baseline opioids used, induction dose, initial Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) score, location of induction, definition and severity of precipitated withdrawal and adverse events. The range of incidence of precipitated withdrawal across studies was described.ResultsOur search yielded 10 197 unique citations. Twenty‐one cohort and five randomized trials met inclusion criteria (n = 4497, range 20–1293). The overall incidence of precipitated withdrawal ranged from 0 to 13.2%. Nine studies defined precipitated withdrawal; definitions were inconsistent. Most patients used heroin at baseline. The most common initial dose of buprenorphine was between 2 mg and 8 mg (range: 0.075 mg–24 mg). Initial minimum COWS score ranged from 5 to 13. Induction locations included home, inpatient, emergency department, pre‐hospital, outpatient and residential units. Of the fifteen studies with cases of precipitated withdrawal, nine studies did not report the severity of withdrawal experienced. Other induction‐related adverse events varied. The overall quality of included studies was poor.ConclusionsThe best available evidence suggests the incidence of buprenorphine‐precipitated withdrawal in adults with opioid use disorder is low and should not be a barrier to use.
Creating value for objects‐in‐waiting
Authors: Sooudi Olga Kanzaki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn much anthropological reflection on value creation through objects, value is conceptualized as created in circulation. Yet objects’ social lives are punctuated by periods of waiting as much as they are by movement. Waiting can thus be theorized and examined as a critical pause in the circulation of objects, one that enables their value transformation and creation via social actors, institutions, and valuation processes. Demonstrating this can be accomplished ethnographically by following the consignment, exhibition, and sale of a group of objects—in this case by the artist Maqbool Fida Husain via a Mumbai art gallery. As objects wait, the art world turns around them, setting valuation and other value‐making processes in motion. This moment of waiting is precisely when our methodological and analytical gaze should turn to the object's social relations and to the collective activities of the art world.
The Canada Water Act, 1970: Did Parliamentarians Seek Cooperative Federalism?
Authors: Hania Patricia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn 1970, freshwater pollution concerns led to the introduction of the Clean Water Act (CWA), which signaled the federal government's shift towards cooperative federalism in the shared constitutional space of water governance. A unilateral environmental federalism approach supported the enactment of the CWA and reinforced the new two‐prong regulatory strategy (i.e., CWA and the Fisheries Act) to manage water pollution. This article explores the historical enactment of the CWA through the lens of federalism and the views of parliamentarians. The legislative debates reveal how different modes of federalism play out in the legislation, beyond the dominant theme of cooperative federalism.
Concurrences across time and sensorimotor capacities promote infant learning
Authors: Li Ye , Benitez Viridiana L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn infancy, sensorimotor capacities directly affect learning. Although developmental scientists have studied the link between sensorimotor capacities and learning, their work has focused primarily on a narrow window of time connecting just two domains. In this article, we propose that considering concurrences across multiple time points and domains provides novel insights into how sensorimotor capacities systematically shape learning. First, we present a developmental map synthesizing changes across the vision, motor, and language domains in the first 18 months of life. Using the map as a guide, we review literature identifying how changes in one sensorimotor domain affect learning. We then highlight additional concurrences that have not been systematically explored and use the concrete example of learning word‐object mappings to illustrate how the developmental map provides rich ground to raise new questions and revisit old ones. We end with a call to action to fill key gaps in the map by considering variations in other domains and cultures, as well as in atypical development.
Faecal haemoglobin concentration and colorectal cancer site, stage and grade in a symptomatic cohort
Authors: Farkas Nicholas G. , O'Brien James , Norman James , Steinke Jackie , Yu Kai Shing , Whyte Martin , Jourdan Iain , Rockall Tim , Benton Sally C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimMinimal evidence exists regarding faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) for colorectal cancer (CRC) site, stage and grade in symptomatic patients. The primary aim is to determine any association between faecal haemoglobin concentration (f‐Hb) (analysed with OC‐Sensor™ Pledia) and these prognostic factors. The secondary aim is to determine the association between f‐Hb and anaemia, microcytosis and iron deficiency (Hb, mean corpuscular volume [MCV] and ferritin).MethodologySymptomatic 2‐week wait CRC patients with FIT were included (July 2019–October 2022). Median f‐Hb and interquartile range according to sex, stage, grade and site (right‐sided, caecum to transverse colon, R‐CRC; left‐sided, splenic flexure to rectum, L‐CRC) were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. Hb, MCV and ferritin were categorized into two groups and the median f‐Hb was compared using the Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsIn all, 114 patients (57 women, 57 men) were studied; 46 had R‐CRC (f‐Hb = 113 μg Hb/g) and 68 had L‐CRC (f‐Hb = 342 μg Hb/g) (P = 0.07). Sixty‐nine were moderately differentiated CRC (f‐Hb = 183 μg Hb/g) and 29 were poorly differentiated (f‐Hb = 866 μg Hb/g) (P = 0.04). By T‐stage, 35 were early (T1/2) (f‐Hb = 170 μg Hb/g) and 79 were advanced (T3/4) (f‐Hb = 200 μg Hb/g) (P = 0.06). The relationship between f‐Hb and Hb, MCV and ferritin was not significant. Poorly differentiated (P = 0.04) and later stage (P = 0.02) R‐CRC had significantly lower f‐Hb compared to L‐CRC.ConclusionsRight‐sided CRC is associated with lower f‐Hb than left. Poorly differentiated and later staged L‐CRC had higher median f‐Hb. These data add to existing evidence suggesting that FIT may be less sensitive for right‐sided CRC. Strategies to mitigate the potential for missed or FIT‐negative right‐sided CRC are required.
Establishing a Marine Protected Area network using a Marine Spatial Planning approach: A reflection on practical challenges and opportunities for social–ecological integration
Authors: Nuno Ana , Madruga Luísa , Cameron Andy , Airaud Frédéric , Andrade Claricela , Nazaré Lodney , Santos Albertino , Graça Manuel , Guedes Márcio , da Rocha Nina , Puig Patricia , Walker Katy , Murray Kieran , Rosendo Sérgio , Mulligan Berry 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntegrative social–ecological approaches are crucial for addressing sustainability challenges in coastal and marine systems. Among these, Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) emerges as a pivotal approach for integrated management. Often, the establishment of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and the application of MSP occur in parallel. Given the potential synergies, there is a need to better understand and address barriers to the adoption of MSP approaches for integrative conservation mechanisms. Using São Tomé and Príncipe as a case study, we illustrate how MSP was employed as an operational framework for establishing an MPA network. Drawing on the experiences of people directly involved in this co‐design process, we reflect on the main challenges and opportunities in achieving social–ecological integration, and highlight recommendations for conservation practitioners and planners. Applying MSP was perceived to contribute substantially to multiple project goals, with some (e.g., incorporating perspectives and needs of vulnerable groups) more challenging to achieve. While MSP enhanced conceptual, disciplinary, methodological and functional integration, practical challenges in implementation hindered the extent to which each of these was achieved. Given international commitments to Blue Growth, high fisheries dependence and current patterns of change, developing effective integrative MSP approaches is essential for social–ecological resilience.
Ten‐Year Follow‐Up of Oral Implants in Bone With Limited Bucco‐Oral Dimensions: A Prospective Case Series
Authors: Alami M. , Ntovas N. , Penne G. , Teughels W. , Quirynen M. , Castro A. , Temmerman A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIt has been suggested that 1–2 mm of bone width at the buccal and lingual aspect is required for a successful long‐term implant outcome. Low levels of evidence support this minimum threshold of bone width. This prospective study aimed at evaluating the outcome of implants placed in alveolar ridges with limited bucco‐oral dimensions.Materials and MethodsOne‐hundred implants (dia. 3.5 mm) were placed in 28 patients with narrow alveolar ridge dimensions (<4.5 mm width) without augmentation procedures and conventionally loaded. Intra‐oral radiographs were taken at implant placement and abutment connection and at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 years of follow‐up. At the 10‐year follow‐up (21 patients; 75 implants), full‐mouth periodontal charting was performed, and the peri‐implant keratinized tissue width and attachment type were recorded. Two calibrated periodontists analysed the peri‐implant bone changes.ResultsAfter 10 years, all implants showed successful osseointegration and a cumulative survival rate of 100%. The implants were placed 0.85 mm ± 0.89 mm subcrestally. After 10 years, the marginal bone was located 1.59 ± 2.11 mm apical to the implant shoulder. Throughout this period of follow‐up, the mean annual marginal bone loss was 0.094 mm. Furthermore, 84% of implants in 72% of patients presented with bleeding on probing.ConclusionAfter 10 years of functional loading, implants placed in alveolar ridges with limited bucco‐oral dimensions (≤4.5 mm) exhibited only minimum marginal bone loss.
The Why, How, and When of CSR Managers’ Internal Legitimation Strategies
Authors: Loos Cynthia , Spraul Katharina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOrganizations often leverage corporate social responsibility (CSR) in their efforts to gain external legitimacy, and yet CSR managers – the very people responsible for implementing CSR initiatives – often struggle to achieve internal legitimacy and, thus, their objectives. This qualitative research seeks insights into CSR managers’ need for legitimation (why) and the strategies they use to overcome challenges and establish legitimacy within their organizations (how). A set of six distinct challenges CSR managers face reveals the complex reality of their roles and the factors that drive their quests for legitimacy. In turn, CSR managers draw on a repertoire of eight legitimation strategies to navigate the challenges, each reflecting a different legitimacy dimension. Notably, CSR managers’ occupational self‐perception influences their perceptions of challenges and choice of legitimation strategies, indicating the importance of individual characteristics (when) in shaping CSR practices. These nuanced insights into the micro‐level dynamics of legitimacy advance literature on both legitimacy and micro‐CSR by offering a personalized approach that accounts for the unique perspectives and strategies of CSR managers.
The effect of illness uncertainty and self‐efficacy on the perception of shared decision‐making among parents of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Choi Dahae , Shin Hyewon 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundShared decision‐making is essential for improving infant prognoses. Medical staff should consider the effect of illness uncertainty and self‐efficacy on parents' perceptions of shared decision‐making.AimsThis study examined the impact of illness uncertainty and self‐efficacy on the perception of shared decision‐making among parents of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.Study DesignA descriptive‐analytical cross‐sectional study design was used. Data were collected from April to June 2023. A total of 103 parents of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit participated in this study. The participants used a self‐report questionnaire that included general characteristics of their infants, uncertainty of illness, self‐efficacy and perception of shared decision‐making. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t‐test, analysis of variance, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression.ResultsIllness uncertainty (r = −.659, p < .001, 95% confidence interval = [−1.209, −0.765]) was negatively correlated with self‐efficacy, and self‐efficacy (r = .255, p = .009, 95% confidence interval = [0.082, 0.569]) was positively correlated with the perception of shared decision‐making. Using multiple linear regression, the number of visits to the intensive care unit (β = −1.939, p = .015, 95% confidence interval = [−3.490, −0.389]) and parents' self‐efficacy (β = .271, p = .028, 95% confidence interval = [0.030, 0.512]) had a statistically significant effect on the perception of shared decision‐making, accounting for 11.9% of the total explanatory power.ConclusionsThe results support that higher self‐efficacy is associated with a higher degree of perception of shared decision‐making among parents of infants in the intensive care unit. Therefore, clinicians might support parents in taking a more active role in shared decision‐making by discussing available options with clinicians and reaching treatment plans together.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe study suggests creating scales to assess nurses' participation in shared decision‐making and recommends educational programmes to boost parents' self‐efficacy with infants, significantly affecting perceptions of shared decision‐making.
Loss of OsSPL8 Function Confers Improved Resistance to Glufosinate and Abiotic Stresses in Rice
Authors: He Da‐Yu , Liang Qin‐Yu , Xiang Cheng‐Bin , Xia Jin‐Qiu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTWeeds are among the most significant factors contributing to decreases in crop yield and quality. Glufosinate, a nonselective, broad‐spectrum herbicide, has been extensively utilized for weed control in recent decades. However, crops are usually sensitive to glufosinate. Therefore, the development of glufosinate‐resistant crops is crucial for effective weed management in agriculture. In this study, we characterized a SQUAMOSA promoter‐binding‐like (SPL) factor, OsSPL8, which acts as a negative regulator of glufosinate resistance by inhibiting the transcription of OsGS1;1 and OsGS2 and consequently reducing GS activity. Furthermore, the loss of OsSPL8 function enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stresses. Transcriptomic comparisons between the gar18‐3 mutant and wild type revealed that OsSPL8 largely downregulates stress‐responsive genes and upregulates growth‐related genes. We demonstrated that OsSPL8 directly regulates OsOMTN6 and OsNAC17, which influence drought tolerance. In addition, OsSPL8 directly represses the expression of salt stress tolerance‐related genes such as OsHKT1.1 and OsTPP1. Collectively, our results demonstrate that OsSPL8 is a negative regulator of both glufosinate resistance and abiotic stress tolerance.
Identification of Crashworthy Designs Combining Active Learning and the Solution Space Methodology
Authors: Ascia Paolo , Marelli Stefano , Sudret Bruno , Duddeck Fabian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study introduces a novel methodology for vehicle development under crashworthiness constraints. We propose coupling the solution space method (SSM) with active learning reliability (ALR) to map global requirements, i.e., safety requirements on the whole vehicle, to the design parameters associated with a component. To this purpose, we use a classifier to distinguish between the design that fulfills the requirements, the safe domain, and those that do not, the failure domain. This classifier is trained on finite element simulations, exploiting the learning strategies used by ALR to efficiently and precisely identify the border between the two domains and the information provided on these domains by the SSM. We then provide an exemplary application where the efficiency of the method is shown: the safe domain is identified with 270 samples and an average total error of 2.5%. The methodology we propose here is an efficient method to identify safe designs at a comparatively low computational budget. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no methodology available that can identify regions in the design space that result in designs satisfying the local requirements set by the SSM due to the complexity and strong nonlinearity of crashworthiness simulations. The proposed coupling exploits the information of SSM and the capabilities of ALR to provide a fast mapping between the global requirements and the design parameters, which can, in turn, be made available to the designers to inexpensively evaluate the crashworthiness of new shapes and component features.
The phospholipase A of
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
lyses eukaryotic membranes and is necessary for survival in neutrophils and cervical epithelial cells
Authors: Apicella Michael A. , Edwards Jennifer L. , Ketterer Margaret R. , Weiss David S. , Zhang Yuan , Jen Freda E.-C. , Jennings Michael P. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Contact-dependent hemolysins are virulence factors in a number of human pathogens, including
Helicobacter pylori, Rickettsia typhi, Bartonella bacilliformis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
entero-invasive
Escherichia coli,
and
Shigella
. Here we demonstrate that
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
produces an outer membrane protein, phospholipase A, that exhibits contact-dependent lytic activity on host cell membranes. This enzyme can lyse human erythrocytes over a 3-day period, whereas a phospholipase A mutant cannot. We demonstrated phospholipase A activity in the parent strain but not in two, independent phospholipase A mutants. A gene for phospholipase A,
pldA
(hereafter referred to as
pla
to avoid confusion with the gene for phospholipase D,
pld
), is present in all sequenced gonococcal strains. Fluid phase, hemolytic activity assays showed that 25 of 29 gonococcal strains tested had hemolytic activity greater than 50% of the positive control. In support of PLA as a gonococcal outer membrane protein, supernatants from 24-, 48-, and 72-h cultures of
N. gonorrhoeae
strain 1291 did not contain hemolysin activity, and a monoclonal antibody specific for gonococcal phospholipase A failed to detect the enzyme in these supernatants. The organism must be viable for lysis to occur, and the inclusion of EDTA in the media removes all activity. Our studies have shown that a phospholipase A mutant has significantly reduced survival in human neutrophils and primary human cervical epithelial cells compared to the parent gonococcal strain after 3 h of incubation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that gonococcal PLA lyses host cell membranes, which is important for intracellular survival.

IMPORTANCE

Intracellular survival is crucial to the success of
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
as a human pathogen. Multiple factors contribute to the intracellular survival of gonococci, including the ability to prohibit apoptosis of the epithelial cell the organism invades and mechanisms to evade host innate defense systems. The role of phospholipase A (PLA), an outer membrane protein, is important as it disrupts the host vacuolar and phagolysosomal membranes, preventing the effective delivery of innate immune factors that normally restrict organism growth within human cells. After cell entry, PLA disrupts the integrity of these host cell membranes, allowing the gonococcus to live free within disrupted vacuoles where it pilfers host cell nutrients that enable its survival and replication. A vaccine or drug that could neutralize PLA activity would disrupt the intracellular survival of the gonococcus.