bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorination or Not in Small Molecule Solar Cells: Achieving a Higher Efficiency with Halogen‐Free End Group
Authors: Chen Yao , Tian Gengsui , Huang Peihao , Hu Dingqin , Xiao Zeyun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFluorination is an efficient strategy for improving organic solar cells (OSCs) efficiency, particularly by fluorinating the end group of emerging nonfullerene acceptors. Here, the fluorination effect was investigated by using small molecule donors with fluorine‐free (SBz) and fluorinated (SBz‐F) end groups, paired with the emerging nonfullerene acceptor Y6. Interestingly and unexpectedly, fluorination of the end group negatively affects OSCs efficiency, with fluorine‐free SBz:Y6 OSCs achieving a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.05 % compared to the fluorine‐containing SBz‐F:Y6 blends (PCE=9.61 %). Analysis of space‐charge limited currents reveals lower and unbalanced hole/electron mobility in SBz‐F:Y6 compared to the SBz:Y6 blends. These findings are further supported by charge recombination dynamics and donor‐acceptor miscibility analyses.
Electrochemical Enantioselective Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Aldehydes with Aryl Iodides
Authors: Hu Liangjian , Le Blanc Lele Fosso Jospin , Guillot Régis , Mellah Mohamed , Schulz Emmanuelle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe preparation of enantioenriched diarylmethanol derivatives is described using nickel‐catalyzed electrochemical cross‐couplings between various alkyl/aryl aldehydes and aryl iodides. Performed in an electrochemical cell equipped with an iron anode and a nickel cathode, this electrocatalytic variant led to the scalemic targeted products in the presence of 2,2‐bis((4 R,5S)‐4,5‐diphenyl‐4,5‐dihydrooxazol‐2‐yl)acetonitrile (L2), as enantiopure cyano‐bis(oxazoline) ligand. X‐ray structure analysis of a pre‐catalyst, for instance the [Ni(II)(L2)2] complex, with L2 as an anionic bisoxazolinate ligand, confirms the chemical formulation of one nickel surrounded by two ligands. The redox behavior of the new Ni complexes generated in situ was first assessed by cyclic voltammetry showing a redox wave at ca. −1.5 V that can be assigned to the two‐electron reduction of the Ni(II) center to the Ni(0) state. Oxidative addition between the electrogenerated Ni(0) complex and aryl iodide was evidenced. An intense current was observed in presence of a mixture of the two substrates pertaining an electrocatalytic process. Interestingly, we found that the sacrificial iron anode plays a crucial role in the catalytic mechanism.
Carbon‐13 Hyperpolarization of α‐Ketocarboxylates with Parahydrogen in Reversible Exchange
Authors: McBride Stephen J. , MacCulloch Keilian , TomHon Patrick , Browning Austin , Meisel Samantha , Abdulmojeed Mustapha , Goodson Boyd M. , Chekmenev Eduard Y. , Theis Thomas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSignal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) is a relatively simple and fast hyperpolarization technique that has been used to hyperpolarize the α‐ketocarboxylate pyruvate, a central metabolite and the leading hyperpolarized MRI contrast agent. In this work, we show that SABRE can readily be extended to hyperpolarize 13C nuclei at natural abundance on many other α‐ketocarboxylates. Hyperpolarization is observed and optimized on pyruvate (P13C=17 %) and 2‐oxobutyrate (P13C=25 %) with alkyl chains in the R‐group, oxaloacetate (P13C=11 %) and alpha‐ketoglutarate (P13C=13 %) with carboxylate moieties in the R group, and phenylpyruvate (P13C=2 %) and phenylglyoxylate (P13C=2 %) with phenyl rings in the R‐group. New catalytically active SABRE binding motifs of the substrates to the hyperpolarization transfer catalyst – particularly for oxaloacetate – are observed. We experimentally explore the connection between temperature and exchange rates for all of these SABRE systems and develop a theoretical kinetic model, which is used to fit the hyperpolarization build‐up and decay during SABRE activity.
Assessment of reliability and availability of wireless sensor networks in industrial applications by considering permanent faults
Authors: Heidari Arash , Amiri Zahra , Jamali Mohammad Ali Jabraeil , Jafari Nima 
Published: October 2024

SummaryWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are critical for communication within a mile radius and industrial applications. These networks are very prone to failure due to their enormous number of nodes and their unique hardware and software restrictions. To make sure network performance, a lot of study needs to be done to improve failure tolerance and stability. This study looks at how to judge the availability and dependability of WSNs that have long‐term issues. The suggested method checks how well a network works in various failure cases by using fault trees and Markov chain analysis. Such methods help us find and study possible failure scenarios and how they might impact the network's dependability in a planned way. The results show that WSNs have major flaws and give useful suggestions for making the systems work better. The findings show that using these evaluation methods may greatly enhance the ability to handle faults, lower the risk of damage, and allow developers of WSNs to make smart choices.
Dropout From Psychological Interventions for Pathological Health Anxiety: A Three‐Level Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Shi Congrong , Wu Ying , Wei Hongrui , Xiao Yang , Lv Xiaohui , Ren Zhihong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to provide the first comprehensive evidence on the prevalence and predictors of dropout in psychological interventions for pathological health anxiety. A database search in Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials identified 28 eligible randomized controlled trials (40 intervention conditions; 1783 participants in the intervention condition), published up to 18 June 2024. Three‐level meta‐analytic results showed a weighted average dropout rate of 9.67% (95% confidence interval [CI] [6.49%, 14.17%]), with dropout equally likely from treatment and control conditions (odds ratio = 1.07, 95% CI [0.80, 1.44]). Moderator analyses indicated no statistically significant effects of study, participant, treatment or therapist characteristics, except for the country of study. These findings suggest that the average dropout rate is relatively low compared with those reported for other mental health conditions and highlight the importance of considering cultural and societal factors when evaluating treatment adherence. Future research should continue to explore the complex and multifaceted factors influencing dropout to improve the design and implementation of psychological interventions for pathological health anxiety.
Assessing realized genetic gains in biofortified cassava breeding for over a decade: Enhanced nutritional value and agronomic performance
Authors: Delgado Luis Fernando , Moreta Danilo E. , Morante Nelson , Lenis Jorge Ivan , Aparicio Johan Steven , Londoño Luis Fernando , Salazar Sandra Milena , Tran Thierry , Ospina Maria Alejandra , Melendez Jorge Luis Luna , Alzate Jhon Larry Moreno , Vargas Hernan Camilo , Duran Lizbeth Pino , Alpala Elvia Amparo Rosero , Zhang Xiaofei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBiofortified cassava (Manihot esculenta) plays a crucial role in enhancing the nutritional value of this essential staple, particularly in regions with limited dietary diversity and prevalent nutritional deficiencies. The cassava program at the International Center of Tropical Agriculture has dedicated over a decade to increase β‐carotene content in biofortified cassava, simultaneously focusing on improving yield, dry matter, and plant architecture. This paper presents realized genetic gains in biofortified cassava by analyzing the data from replicated multilocation breeding yield trials at the target population of environments spanning a 10‐year period (2013–2022). Following data curation, we observed significant positive genetic gains per year for β‐carotene content (7.03%), fresh yield (4.15%), dry matter content (0.55%), and height at the first branch (1.29%). A negative correlation between β‐carotene content and dry matter content was observed within 78% of trials. Moreover, our study uncovered a significant negative correlation between β‐carotene content and fresh root yield (r = −0.22, p < 0.01) and an unfavorable positive correlation between β‐carotene content and the number of branches (r = 0.23, p < 0.01). Such negative correlations between β‐carotene content and farm‐preferred traits presented substantial challenges for the development of biofortified cassava varieties. This research showed significant genetic gains and navigated the complexities of biofortified cassava development, providing breeding insights to enhance nutritional value while optimizing agronomic performance.
High‐Gain Z‐Source DC‐DC Converter With Low Voltage Stress for Photovoltaic Power Systems
Authors: Zhou Kai , Gao Shuchun , Li Zheng , Wang Jiulong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems, to obtain the best energy conversion efficiency, effective DC‐DC converters must balance the solar panels output voltage with the voltage on the DC bus. The converter is designed to have low voltage stresses on each device, and it has the characteristics of a wide input range and high gain. The following actions were done to confirm that the proposed converter had a number of features appropriate for PV systems and an experimental verification platform was established based on theoretical analysis and small‐signal modeling. The input range of the scaled‐down experimental prototype is 40–80 V, with a rated output of 400 V and a rated power of 200 W. The experiment confirms the accuracy and feasibility of the theoretical analysis for the converter.
Enhancing Performance of In‐Direct Matrix Converter Through Improved PWM Techniques for Reduced Switching Loss and Optimal DC‐Link Voltage
Authors: Ahmad Khanday Sajid , Hamid Bhat Abdul , Chandra Sekhar Obbu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis article presents a comprehensive investigation into the improved operation of an in‐direct matrix converter (IMC) through the application of improved pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques. Matrix converters (MCs) draw a discontinuous and distorted input current from the AC source, reducing the input power factor and increasing harmonics. The primary objectives of this work are to maximize the DC‐link voltage and improve source current while simultaneously minimizing switching losses and the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the load voltage, thereby improving power quality standards. To achieve these goals, a symmetrical space vector PWM technique (SSVPWM) is employed on the rectifier side, and an improved bus‐clamping PWM technique (BCPWM) is implemented on the inverter side. By strategically controlling the switching patterns, the DC‐link voltage is maximized while adhering to the voltage and current constraints of the switching devices, which improves the input power factor and hence the overall power quality. Additionally, this technique optimizes the operation of the IMC, leads to a reduction of current ripple, and reduces switching losses, thereby leading to higher efficiency. The core principle behind this research lies in the decoupled control of the rectifier and inverter stages, allowing for independent optimization and maximum system performance. By carefully manipulating the modulation indices, the harmonic content in the output voltage is significantly minimized which is vital for applications requiring a high‐quality and low‐distortion power supply. Simulation studies substantiate the efficacy of the independent control approach, showcasing improvements in DC‐link voltage maximization, switching loss reduction, and reduced output voltage THD. Furthermore, the validation of the real‐time implementation of this study was carried out making use of the OPAL‐RT (OP4510) real‐time simulator.
Inflammatory‐associated myeloid dendritic cells reveals associations between chronic lung diseases and lung cancer
Authors: Chen Zhiyu , Zou Jiawei , Deng Fulan , Chu Yaoqing , Tan Lianjiang , Zou Xin , Hao Jie 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe high risk of patients with chronic lung diseases in developing into lung cancer has been recognised, but the key factors driving such procedure are still barely known. Dendritic cells (DCs) as major antigen presenting cells take part in the immune response in the very upstream, and myeloid DCs regulate the inflammation in pulmonary diseases. In this article, we performed single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) analyses on DCs from pulmonary diseases. We explore the DC characteristics in chronic lung diseases, lung cancer and healthy control samples. We discover that a special type of DC, which is highly associated with inflammatory, inf‐DC, is abundant in lung cancer samples. Furthermore, we find that there are about 10% patients with chronic lung diseases also has such inf‐DC‐rich pattern. Such proportion is consistent to the fact that about 10% chronic lung disease patients finally developed into cancer. Our findings indicate inf‐DC could be a potential factor to predict the risk of chronic lung disease developing into cancer.
Lymphocyte activation gene 3 served as a potential prognostic and immunological biomarker across various cancer types: a clinical and pan‐cancer analysis
Authors: Liu Yifan , Yao Yuntao , Yang Xinyue , Wei Maodong , Lu Bingnan , Dong Keqing , Lyu Donghao , Li Yuanan , Guan Wenbin , Huang Runzhi , Xu Guofeng , Pan Xiuwu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesLymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3), an inhibitory receptor in T‐cell activation, is a negative prognostic factor. However, its impact on tumours has yet to be comprehensively elucidated on a pan‐cancer scale. Thus, we aim to reveal its role at the pan‐cancer level.MethodsWe performed IHC staining on a retrospective cohort of 370 patients. Then we assessed the prognostic effect of LAG3 using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis. In pan‐cancer analysis, we constructed competing endogenous RNA and protein–protein interaction networks, conducted gene set enrichment analysis and identified correlations between LAG3 gene expression and various factors, including clinical characteristics, tumour purity, mutations, tumour immunity and drug sensitivity across 33 cancer types.ResultsLAG3 was expressed higher in normal kidney tissues than in tumours. A high level of LAG3 gene expression was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR = 6.60, 95% CI = 2.43–17.90, P < 0.001) and PFS (HR = 3.44, 95% CI = 1.68–7.10, P < 0.001). In pan‐cancer analysis, LAG3 exhibited robust correlations with survival and tumour stages in various cancers. Moreover, LAG3 was strongly associated with immune‐related genes, proteins and signalling pathways. LAG3 gene expression was positively associated with increased infiltration of activated immune cells and decreased infiltration of several resting cells. LAG3 gene expression was associated with tumour mutation burden and microsatellite instability in multiple cancers.ConclusionHigh LAG3 gene expression was an independent risk factor in kidney neoplasms. It also functioned as a biomarker for prognosis, TIME and immunotherapy efficacy in the pan‐cancer dimension.
89Zr‐Labeled DFO@Durvalumab‐HSA nanoparticles: In vitro potential for triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Yurt Fatma , Özel Derya , Karagül Şeyma , Tunçel Ayça , Durkan Kübra , Medine Emin İlker 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study presents the development and evaluation of a DFO@mAb‐NP (DFO@Durvalumab‐HSA‐DTX nanoparticle) nanoplatform for imaging in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). The nanoplatform demonstrated significant changes postconjugation with DFO, evidenced by increased particle size from 178.1 ± 5 nm to 311 ± 26 nm and zeta potential alteration from −31.9 ± 3 mV to −40.5 ± 0.8 mV. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectral analyses confirmed successful DFO conjugation, with notable shifts in peak wavelengths. High labeling efficiency was achieved with 89Zr, as indicated by thin layer radio chromatography and high‐performance liquid radio chromatography results, with labeling efficiencies of 98 ± 2% for 89Zr‐DFO@mAb and 96 ± 3% for 89Zr‐DFO@mAb‐NP. The nanoplatforms maintained stability over 24 h, showing less than 5% degradation. Lipophilicity assays revealed logP values of 0.5 ± 0.03 for 89Zr‐DFO@mAb‐NP and 0.98 ± 0.2 for 89Zr‐DFO@mAb, indicating a higher lipophilic tendency in the radiolabeled Durvalumab. Cell uptake experiments showed an initial high uptake in MDA‐MB‐468 cells (45.1 ± 3.2%), which decreased over time, highlighting receptor‐specific interactions. These comprehensive findings suggest the promising potential of the DFO@mAb‐NP nanoplatform for targeted imaging in TNBC, with implications for improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies.
Assessment of suitable region of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. under different climatic conditions in China by the MaxEnt model and HPLC analysis
Authors: Zhang Tong , Lv Xiangyang , Zhao Qian , Zhang Caijuan , Yin Honglin , Deng Shuyu , Yan Gui , Wang Guangzhi , Cao Xiaoyan , Ou Hong , Shen Gang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAsparagus cochinchinensis is a member of the Asparagaceae family whose medicinal part is the dried root tuber. The distribution of A. cochinchinensis and its secondary metabolites are closely associated with environmental factors, such as climate and soil properties. By establishing and optimizing a maximum entropy model, we analyzed and predicted the distribution pattern and migration direction of suitable habitats for A. cochinchinensis and determined the main environmental factors affecting the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Under current climatic conditions, the area of suitable habitats for A. cochinchinensis (208.38 × 104 km2) accounts for 21.71% of the land area of China, and the areas of lowly, moderately, and highly suitable areas were 64.15 × 104 km2, 113.66 × 104 km2, and 30.57 × 104 km2, respectively. Under future climate scenarios, the total area of suitable habitats hardly changes. The area of highly suitable habitats significantly decreases under the SSP1‐RCP2.6 scenario (to 83.22% of the current value) and the SSP3‐RCP7 scenario (to 48.94% of the current value), but eventually increases to 112.86% of the current value under the SSP5‐RCP8.5 scenario, which indicates that A. cochinchinensis might adapt better to a high‐carbon‐emissions scenario. Under different climate scenarios, low‐impact areas mainly occur in southern China and will correspond 92.07% of the current suitable area. Highly suitable habitats primarily occur in the southeastern Sichuan Basin, northern Guangxi, eastern Guizhou, and western Hunan. HPLC analysis showed that the content of protodioscin (0.373%) and protogracillin (0.044%) in S2 was the highest. The total saponins contents of S1 and S2 were the highest, which were 35.6586 and 33.1262 mg/g, respectively. The total polysaccharide content of S9 was the highest (16.9467%). The total contents of saponins and polysaccharides in A. cochinchinensis were significantly, but oppositely, correlated with temperature, precipitation, and other factors. This study has identified environmental factors affecting the growth and quality of A. cochinchinensis, which has guiding significance for resource conservation and site selection for large‐scale cultivation.
Environmental DNA Particle Size Distribution and Quantity Differ Across Taxa and Organelles
Authors: Verdier Héloïse , Datry Thibault , Logez Maxime , Konecny‐Duprè Lara , Gauthier Maïlys , Lefébure Tristan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe use of environmental DNA to detect species is now widespread in freshwater ecology. However, the detectability of species depends on many factors, such as the quantity of eDNA particles available in the environment and their state (e.g., free DNA fragments, organellar, or aggregated DNA particles). To date, the most advanced knowledge of the production and state of DNA particles concerns teleosts. Most often, these studies target mitochondrial genes, since they are present in multiple copies in a cell. However, it is likely that the characteristics of eDNA molecules vary greatly among taxa and genetic compartments, with direct consequences for species detection. Using an indoor mesocosm experiment, we compared the rate of mitochondrial and nuclear eDNA production and particle size distribution (PSD) of four distinct and common aquatic taxa (zebrafish, tadpole, isopod and mollusk). The tank water was filtered through a series of filters with decreasing porosity and mitochondrial and nuclear eDNA at each size fraction were quantified by qPCR. We found that the production and the size of eDNA particles varied greatly among taxa and genetic compartments. For most taxa, the number of nuclear eDNA particles released in water was higher than that of mitochondrial origin. The PSD of mt‐eDNA showed a pattern common to all taxa: the relative number of particles increased from the smallest size fractions (0.2 μm and less) to the largest (over 1.2 μm), while the distribution of nu‐eDNA was very different from one taxon to another. We also observed a high temporal variability in the quantity of eDNA particles and in PSD, although the latter was more complex to model. These results call for caution in how to sample and analyze eDNA in aquatic environments, particularly for organisms that emit small particles in small quantities such as isopods.
What Your Face Says: How Signals of Communion and Agency Inform First Impressions and Behavioural Intentions
Authors: Aquino Antonio , Fontanella Lara , Walker Mirella , Haddock Geoffrey , Alparone Francesca Romana 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTwo studies investigated how facial signals of communion and agency intersect to shape first impressions. Study 1 primarily investigated how enhancing or reducing facial signals of communion or agency affected impressions of these dimensions. Results demonstrated that the manipulation of facial signals of communion affected impressions of both communion and agency, whereas the manipulation of facial signals of agency affected only impressions of agency. Secondly, data from Study 1 were used to categorize the Basel Face Database stimuli into the four cells of the stereotype content model (SCM). Study 2 investigated how combined facial signals of communion and agency impact individuals’ evaluations, emotions and behavioural intentions towards targets. Results showed that communion signals in faces have a stronger impact on overall evaluations and behavioural intentions compared to agency signals. Furthermore, in line with the SCM, specific combinations of communion and agency evoked distinct emotions: admiration (high communion–high agency), pity (high communion–low agency) and contempt (low communion–low agency). Together, the research emphasizes the primary role of communion in social perception, highlighting theoretical and practical implications.
Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Enzyme‐Based Amperometric Screen‐Printed Biosensors Using Horseradish Peroxidase as a Model
Authors: Garcia Secchi Sabrina , da Rosa Silva Eduardo , Sales da Rocha Guilherme , Nicolini João Victor , Moitinho Alves Tito Lívio , Conceição Ferraz Helen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, a mathematical model was formulated to characterize the functioning of third‐generation enzyme‐based amperometric biosensors. This study utilized a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐based, screen‐printed biosensor. The model parameters were determined using the Environment for Modeling Simulation and Optimization (EMSO), validated with experimental data, and exhibited high determination coefficients, indicating the accuracy of the models in capturing biosensor behavior. Simulations based on this model emphasize diffusion as a limiting factor. Further sensitivity analysis was conducted using simulated response surfaces and biosensor performance optimization, which confirmed that higher concentrations of HRP in the thinnest polymeric film resulted in enhanced biosensor sensitivity.