bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methionine adenosyltransferases in cancers: Mechanisms of dysregulation and implications for therapy
Authors: Maldonado Lauren Y , Arsene Diana , Mato José M , Lu Shelly C 
Published: November 2017

Methionine adenosyltransferase genes encode enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of S-adenosylmethionine, the principal biological methyl donor and precursor of polyamines and glutathione. Mammalian cells express three genes – MAT1A, MAT2A, and MAT2B – with distinct expression and functions. MAT1A is mainly expressed in the liver and maintains the differentiated states of both hepatocytes and bile duct epithelial cells. Conversely, MAT2A and MAT2B are widely distributed in non-parenchymal cells of the liver and extrahepatic tissues. Increasing evidence suggests that methionine adenosyltransferases play significant roles in the development of cancers. Liver cancers, namely hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, involve dysregulation of all three methionine adenosyltransferase genes. MAT1A reduction is associated with increased oxidative stress, progenitor cell expansion, genomic instability, and other mechanisms implicated in tumorigenesis. MAT2A/MAT2B induction confers growth and survival advantage to cancerous cells, enhancing tumor migration. Highlighted examples from colon, gastric, breast, pancreas and prostate cancer studies further underscore methionine adenosyltransferase genes’ role beyond the liver in cancer development. In this subset of extra-hepatic cancers, MAT2A and MAT2B are induced via different regulatory mechanisms. Understanding the role of methionine adenosyltransferase genes in tumorigenesis helps identify attributes of these genes that may serve as valuable targets for therapy. While S-adenosylmethionine, and its metabolite, methylthioadenosine, have been largely explored as therapeutic interventions, targets aimed at regulation of MAT gene expression and methionine adenosyltransferase protein–protein interactions are now surfacing as potential effective strategies for treatment and chemoprevention of cancers.Impact statementThis review examines the role of methionine adenosyltransferases (MATs) in human cancer development, with a particular focus on liver cancers in which all three MAT genes are implicated in tumorigenesis. An overview of MAT genes, isoenzymes and their regulation provide context for understanding consequences of dysregulation. Highlighting examples from liver, colon, gastric, breast, pancreas and prostate cancers underscore the importance of understanding MAT’s tumorigenic role in identifying future targets for cancer therapy.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Unique Considerations in Athletes
Authors: Stewman Chaney G. , Liebman Catherine , Fink Laura , Sandella Brad 
Published: November 2017

Context: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric condition in the general population, with evidence suggesting that it may be more common among athletes. Evidence Acquisition: Literature searches were performed on PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases for the years 2000 to 2016 utilizing the following key search terms: ADHD, ADD, guidelines, diagnosis, athlete, sports, treatment, pharmacotherapy, stimulants, risk, cardiovascular effects, concussion, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Results: ADHD exists among athletes at all levels of play, and symptomatology overlaps significantly with that of concussion. Treatment with stimulants has cardiovascular effects and may not be permitted by the athlete’s governing body. An athlete’s level of competition and individual cardiovascular risk factors may therefore affect medication choices. Conclusion: ADHD diagnosis and treatment are paramount to optimal quality of life and functioning in affected individuals. Pharmacologic treatment options should not specifically be avoided in athletes; however, stimulant use is an independent risk factor for heat illness. Concussion, a common athletic injury, may have an altered course in those affected by ADHD, specifically with regard to neurocognitive testing and recovery.
A landscape of germ line mutations in a cohort of inherited bone marrow failure patients
Authors: Bluteau Olivier , Sebert Marie , Leblanc Thierry , Peffault de Latour Régis , Quentin Samuel , Lainey Elodie , Hernandez Lucie , Dalle Jean-Hugues , Sicre de Fontbrune Flore , Lengline Etienne , Itzykson Raphael , Clappier Emmanuelle , Boissel Nicolas , Vasquez Nadia , Da Costa Mélanie , Masliah-Planchon Julien , Cuccuini Wendy , Raimbault Anna , De Jaegere Louis , Adès Lionel , Fenaux Pierre , Maury Sébastien , Schmitt Claudine , Muller Marc , Domenech Carine , Blin Nicolas , Bruno Bénédicte , Pellier Isabelle , Hunault Mathilde , Blanche Stéphane , Petit Arnaud , Leverger Guy , Michel Gérard , Bertrand Yves , Baruchel André , Socié Gérard , Soulier Jean 
Published: November 2017

Key Points
Next-generation sequencing broadens the spectrum of germ line mutations in a cohort of patients with likely-inherited BMF. Salient clinical features and distinct natural histories are consistently found in SAMD9L and SAMD9, MECOM/EVI1, and ERCC6L2 disorders.
Art teacher training: A photo essay
Authors: Mesías-Lema José María 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This photo essay is part of a performance entitled ‘The Topsy-Turvey Classroom’. It involves students participating in a Master’s programme for visual arts teachers and was staged by surprise on their first day of class. These photographs help the spectator to relive and interpret the experiences that these students had when the door opened on our peculiar ‘Art Basement’. We can see their unexpected reactions, preconceived expectations turned upside down, expressions of uncertainty, unpredictable movements, a performance build-up and their creative interventions. The interconnection between the text and the photographs presents the practical application of teaching strategies involving an art-based educational research for the teacher’s professional development.
Is There Really a Trade-Off? Family Size and Investment in Child Quality in India
Authors: Azam Mehtabul , Hang Saing Chan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We address the relationship between number of children and investment in child quality, known as quantity–quality (Q–Q) trade-off, for India. Using a number of investment and outcome measures, we find that the OLS estimates suggest the presence of Q–Q trade-offs in nine out of ten measures considered. Using the gender of the first-born child as an instrument, the trade-offs in all measures disappear. Given the concerns about the exogeneity of the instrument, we apply Oster (2016) bounds to assess the sensitivity of OLS estimates to omitted variables. We find robust trade-off estimates in three measures currently enrolled in school, years of schooling and height-for-age. The results are more robust when observing trade-offs in rural areas. Trade-offs appear in ever enrolled in school, private school attendance, expenditure on education and private coaching in addition to the trade-offs in the three measures for all India sample.
Basic Income in Germany: Proposals for Randomised Controlled Trials using Nudges
Authors: Spermann Alexander 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The killer argument in the German Policy debate is the fiscal one: we cannot afford a universal basic income (UBI). Fiscal effects are calculated by applying standard microsimulation and general computable equilibrium models. While these empirical models are useful for ex-ante evaluations of marginal reforms, the introduction of a basic income scheme is a fundamental reform associated with behavioural responses that are only partially captured by standard empirical models. Therefore, the proposed randomised controlled trials using nudges will provide more insights into the German institutional setting.
Construction and classification of holomorphic vertex operator algebras
Authors: van Ekeren Jethro , Möller Sven , Scheithauer Nils R. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We develop an orbifold theory for finite, cyclic groups acting on holomorphic vertex operator algebras. Then we show that Schellekens’ classification of

V
1

{V_{1}}

-structures of meromorphic conformal field theories of central charge 24 is a theorem on vertex operator algebras. Finally, we use these results to construct some new holomorphic vertex operator algebras of central charge 24 as lattice orbifolds.
The Hermit Ibis (Geronticus eremita) in Moravia in Gallaš’s manuscript
Authors: Hudeček Jiří J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
J. H. A. Gallaš (1756-1840) mentioned in his manuscript the occurrence of Corvus eremita L. in Moravia. Mlíkovský (2007) says incorrectly that Hudeček & Hanák (2004) had stated in was a discovery from the 19 th century. We have not written anything of this sort. Nevertheless, the author of his text persists on its potential occurrence in the 18 th century. The species Corvus eremita L. (= Geronticus eremita) has been taken as made-up and non-existent since the beginning of the 19 th century but its application in relation to the species Corvus graculus L. (= Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax)
Dichterehre. Dantes Poetik der Reputation
Authors: Kühne Udo 
Published: November 2017

Riassunto
Nella sua Commedia Dante mette in scena a livello metatestuale la creazione del Dante epico e il suo ingresso nella storia della letteratura. Il progetto di un’implicita poetica della reputazione opera attraverso la distinzione tra onore e gloria/fama per tenere separate le due sfere: quella della storicità e quella dell’attualità della letteratura. Dante si posiziona rispetto a entrambe: mentre ›l’onore del poeta‹ viene considerato in prospettiva inclusiva e diacronica, ›la fama del poeta‹ appare invece orientata in modo esclusivo e sincronico. Chi la possiede gioca così un ruolo di primo piano (ma forse destinato a scomparire rapidamente) nella scena letteraria contemporanea.
Behind the cloak, between the lines: Trolls and the symbolism of their clothing in Old Norse tradition
Authors: Guðmundsdóttir Aðalheiður 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOld Norse literature offers a rich variety of interesting examples when it comes to clothes and costumes. As with medieval literature in general, it is not uncommon that descriptions of dress or outward appearance can give an insight into the character of the wearer, together with his status in society. This article will focus on costumes worn by medieval trolls, as described in the
Internet Governance and Terrorism in the Context of the Chinese Compression of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms
Authors: Bertolini Elisa 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Article analyzes the Internet governance in the Chinese context, with a particular focus on the Xinjiang Uighur Special Administrative Region. China is characterized by a tamed version of the Internet, whose governance is founded on the interaction between a highly sophisticated set of censorship tools and psychological self-censorship. In the Xinjiang Uighur Region, this architecture bonds with the war on Islamic terror. Indeed the censorship grip is stronger in the Islamic region, resulting in frequent cut off from the national Internet and in a slow connection speed. Moreover, the Xinjiang has turned into a laboratory for new censorship tools, which further compress rights and freedoms. Here the infringements affect, besides first generation rights (as in the rest of China), also second generation rights, towards which the government usually shows a great commitment. The result is a censorship that creates two different Internet, thus creating a discrimination between Uighur Chinese and Han Chinese.
On the leakage-resilient key exchange
Authors: Alawatugoda Janaka 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTypically, secure channels are constructed from an authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol, which authenticates the communicating parties based on long-term public keys and establishes secret session keys. In this paper we address the partial leakage of long-term secret keys of key exchange protocol participants due to various side-channel attacks. Security models for two-party authenticated key exchange protocols have been developed over time to provide security even when the adversary learns certain secret values. This paper combines and extends the advances of security modelling for AKE protocols addressing more granular partial leakage of long-term secrets of protocol participants. Further, we fix some flaws in security proofs of previous leakage-resilient key exchange protocols.
Crystal structure of tert-butyl (Z)-4-(2-(5-methoxy-3-(2-((methylthio)carbonothioyl)hydrazono)-2-oxoindolin-1-yl)ethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate, C22H31N5O4S2
Authors: Li Xin-Hong , Qin Zhao-Xian , Cao Sheng-Li 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
C22H31N5O4S2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.0366(1) Å, b = 10.3253(2) Å, c = 14.9997(2) Å, α = 72.790(1)°, β = 82.301(1)°, γ = 71.080(1)°, V = 1263.54(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0443, wRref(F2) = 0.1294, T = 271 K.
The Interpretive Function of the CJEU and the Interrelationship of EU and National Levels of Consumer Protection
Authors: Howells Geraint , Straetmans Gert 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper analyses the ways in which the Unfair Contract Terms and Unfair Commercial Practices Directives try to steer a path between imposing a common European standard and allowing national variation. The open wording of the norms and safeguard clauses in both directives allows room for their flexible application. The differentiated role between the Court of Justice, as the interpreter of European law, and the national courts, as the party that applies it, provides a release valve to prevent any direct clashes and allows a subtle way for national perspectives to be reflected.
The analysis finds that, irrespective of the underlying level of harmonisation, and with the backing of the European legislator’s intention of ensuring a high level of consumer protection, the CJEU is gradually painting the average European consumer with more realistic features. Here, the case law of the CJEU fulfils a bridging function between the labelling requirements in the Foodstuff Regulation, the transparency requirements in the Unfair Contract Terms Directive and the informed decision requirements in the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive. In these three domains the CJEU recognises that the level of customer attention may be suboptimal, even in the presence of comprehensive and correct information.
The CJEU’s approach contributes to more convergence in consumer protection throughout the EU. Yet, in terms of legitimacy, it must be noted that in all cases the CJEU has maintained a clear distinction between interpretation and application. The particular constitutional legal order in which the CJEU operates only allows for a process whereby the contours of a more coherent European consumer protection policy are gradually revealed. In the absence of sufficient legislative guidance at the European and national levels, national courts may be increasingly informed by the case law of the CJEU in an effort to establish clearly desirable common expectations. Those who believe that, in practice, uniformity can be achieved overnight by simply adopting a common maximum norm appear over-optimistic.
Constitutional and administrative paradigms in judicial control over EU high and low politics
Authors: Cebulak Pola 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article explores the particular tensions surrounding judicial review in EU external relations. The tensions are classified using a two-dimensional framework. Firstly, a distinction based on policy domains of high and low politics, which is derived from constitutional theory, and external to the CJEU; and secondly a distinction based on legitimizing paradigms of administrative (EU as effective global actor) or constitutional (judicial review as guarantee of fundamental rights) in character and determined by the Court itself. Even though one would expect a dominance of the administrative paradigm in the domain of high politics, the Court uses both the administrative and the constitutional paradigm in its external relations case-law. The decision on which of these becomes the guiding frame seems to depend more on the policy domain, and be made case by case, which suggests politically sensitive adjudication, rather than a coherent approach to legitimizing the nascent judicial review in EU external relations.
Complexation of a macrocyclic ligand, 2,6-di (N-methyl)formamide-calix[4]pyridine, with Eu(III) and extraction of Eu(III) and Am(III)
Authors: Lü Lina , Liu Jun , Yang Yanqiu , Li Kun , Hu Sheng , Luo Shunzhong 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Complexation of a new macrocyclic compound, 2,6-dimethylformamide-calix[4]pyridine (L1
), with Eu(III) was studied by spectrophotometry. Stability constants of the Eu(III)/L1
complex in different solvents were determined. The results reveal that L1
forms moderately strong complexes with Eu(III) and other lanthanides in aprotic solvents and shows little binding ability with transition metals. Moreover, the binding strength of L1
weakens significantly in protic solvents. Using 2-bromodecanoic acid as the synergistic reagent, L1
extracts Am(III) and Eu(III) successfully with a separation factor of SFAm/Eu=1.3, and the distribution ratios of Am(III) and Eu(III) increases as the aqueous acidity is decreased. DFT computational studies were conducted to corroborate the solvent extraction data, and compare the coordination properties of Am(III)/Eu(III) complexes with L1
and a related, 2,6-diformamide-calix[4]pyridine (L2
). The computational results suggest that L2
could form stable complexes [ML]3+ and ML(NO3)3 [where M represent Am(III) or Eu(III)] in aqueous phase, in sharp contrast to the case of L1
where such complexes in aqueous phase are not stable.
Postural control and emotion in children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Gouleme Nathalie , Scheid Isabelle , Peyre Hugo , Seassau Magali , Maruani Anna , Clarke Julia , Delorme Richard , Bucci Maria Pia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAutism Spectrum Disorders subjects (ASD) are well known to have deficits in social interaction. We recorded simultaneously eye movements and postural sway during exploration of emotional faces in children with ASD and typically developing children (TD). We analyzed several postural and ocular parameters. The results showed that all postural parameters were significantly greater in children with ASD; ASD made significantly fewer saccades and had shorter fixation time than TD, particularly in the eyes, and especially for unpleasant emotions. These results suggest that poor postural control of ASD and their impaired visual strategies could be due to a lack of interest in social cognition, causing a delay in the development of the cortical areas, and thus could have an effect on their postural control.
Structure–property relation and third-order nonlinear optical studies of two new halogenated chalcones
Authors: Kwong Huey Chong , Rakesh M. S. , Chidan Kumar C. S. , Maidur Shivaraj R. , Patil Parutagouda Shankaragouda , Quah Ching Kheng , Win Yip-Foo , Parlak Cemal , Chandraju Siddegowda 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn the present work, the crystal structure and third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of two novel chalcone derivatives namely (E)-3-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (I) and (E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (II) are investigated by analyzing the packing pattern, intermolecular interaction, Hirshfeld surface analysis and standardZ-scan technique with continuous wave laser at 532 nm. Both compounds are donor-acceptor-acceptor (D–A–A) type intramolecular charge transferring molecule which crystallized in centrosymmetric space group. The existence of C–H···O hydrogen bonds inIand Br···O short contact interactions inIIplay important roles in their packing pattern and NLO properties. The molecules reveal a strong nonlinear refraction (NLR) and nonlinear susceptibilityχ(3)when the donor and acceptor are arranged side-by-side as in compoundI. And as the donor and acceptor are aligned on a head-to-head alignment, the molecules divulge a strong third-order nonlinear absorption (NLA) and limiting threshold (LT). TheZ-scan results indicate that both compounds would be potential applicants in the development of NLO devices.
A new method for fast extraction and determination of chlorophylls in natural water
Authors: Qiu Nianwei , Wang Xiushun , Zhou Feng 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Algae collection and chlorophyll extraction are two troublesome steps in the traditional methods used for the determination of chlorophyll concentration in natural water. A new method was established in this study for fast collection and extraction of chlorophyll. Based on our results, the optimum centrifugation condition for collecting algae was determined as: 5000 g for 15 min at 4 °C, and the optimum dilution ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide: 90% acetone was 1:4. The specific steps were as follows: the algae in water samples were collected by centrifugation at 5000 g at 4 °C for 15 min. The precipitated algae were suspended with 2 mL DMSO. Then the sample was transferred to a 15 mL centrifuge tube, and the tube was incubated at 65 °C for 1–2 h in the dark until the sample turned white. After cooling, the chlorophyll extract was diluted with 8 mL 90% acetone, before centrifugation at 5000 g for 5 min. The absorbance values of the supernatants at 750, 664, 647 and 630 nm were used for the calculation of chlorophyll concentrations by the trichromatic equations. This new method saved the filter cost, simplified the extraction process, improved the algae acquisition efficiency, and accelerated the chlorophyll extraction rate.
U túumben bejilo’ob maayat’aan: los nuevos caminos de la lengua maya
Authors: Briceño Chel Fidencio 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The aim of this article is to outline the new paths of the Maya language in the Yucatan Peninsula. The author identifies the linguistic and extra linguistic factors that are causing a decline in the domains of use of Maya, despite it being a very widely spoken language in Mexico. This article also reviews different stages in the history of the Maya language, in order to show how it came to be a language in frequent contact with other languages. Changes within the language and in the linguistic awareness of its speakers have led to new efforts in its revitalization and in the creation of new functional domains which may help it gain back status, it may also lead to the creation of new spaces for it to be used along with other world languages. In this process, Maya speakers, NGOs, associations, and institutes of Maya language, along with experts, researchers, and government sectors, have come together to create new paths which aim at promoting and strengthening the Maya language. However, there exist external factors which serve as obstacles to the creation of clear, pertinent, and feasible linguistic policies.