bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stomping on the Ground: Dancing Flamenco through Tokyo's Soundscape
Authors: Van Ede Yolanda 
Published: December 2017

In “Culture on the Ground,” Tim Ingold states that “a more grounded approach to human movement, sensitive to embodied skills of footwork, opens up new terrain in the study of environmental perception, the history of technology, landscape formation and human anatomical evolution” (2004:315). In “Being Alive” he continues this argument, explaining that
the mechanization of footwork was part and parcel of a wider suite of changes that accompanied the onset of modernity—in modalities of travel and transport, in the education of posture and gesture, in the evaluation of the senses, and in the architecture of the built environment—all of which conspired to lend practical and experiential weight to an imagined separation between the activities of a mind at rest and a body in transit, between cognition and locomotion, and between the space of social and cultural life and the ground upon which that life is materially enacted. (Ingold 2004:321)
Geoelectric Hazard Maps for the Mid‐Atlantic United States: 100 Year Extreme Values and the 1989 Magnetic Storm
Authors: Love Jeffrey J. , Lucas Greg M. , Kelbert Anna , Bedrosian Paul A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMaps of extreme value geoelectric field amplitude are constructed for the Mid‐Atlantic United States, a region with high population density and critically important power grid infrastructure. Geoelectric field time series for the years 1983–2014 are estimated by convolving Earth surface impedances obtained from 61 magnetotelluric survey sites across the Mid‐Atlantic with historical 1 min (2 min Nyquist) measurements of geomagnetic variation obtained from a nearby observatory. Statistical models are fitted to the maximum geoelectric amplitudes occurring during magnetic storms, and extrapolations made to estimate threshold amplitudes only exceeded, on average, once per century. For the Mid‐Atlantic region, 100 year geoelectric exceedance amplitudes have a range of almost 3 orders of magnitude (from 0.04 V/km at a site in southern Pennsylvania to 24.29 V/km at a site in central Virginia), and they have significant geographic granularity, all of which is due to site‐to‐site differences in magnetotelluric impedance. Maps of these 100 year exceedance amplitudes resemble those of the estimated geoelectric amplitudes attained during the March 1989 magnetic storm, and, in that sense, the March 1989 storm resembles what might be loosely called a “100 year” event. The geoelectric hazard maps reported here stand in stark contrast with the 100 year geoelectric benchmarks developed for the North American Electric Reliability Corporation.
Hydrological and Biogeochemical Controls on Absorption and Fluorescence of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Northern South China Sea
Authors: Wang Chao , Guo Weidong , Li Yan , Stubbins Aron , Li Yizhen , Song Guodong , Wang Lei , Cheng Yuanyue 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe Kuroshio intrusion from the West Philippine Sea (WPS) and mesoscale eddies are important hydrological features in the northern South China Sea (SCS). In this study, absorption and fluorescence of dissolved organic matter (CDOM and FDOM) were determined to assess the impact of these hydrological features on DOM dynamics in the SCS. DOM in the upper 100 m of the northern SCS had higher absorption, fluorescence, and degree of humification than in the Kuroshio Current of the WPS. The results of an isopycnal mixing model showed that CDOM and humic‐like FDOM inventories in the upper 100 m of the SCS were modulated by the Kuroshio intrusion. However, protein‐like FDOM was influenced by in situ processes. This basic trend was modified by mesoscale eddies, three of which were encountered during the fieldwork (one warm eddy and two cold eddies). DOM optical properties inside the warm eddy resembled those of DOM in the WPS, indicating that warm eddies could derive from the Kuroshio Current through Luzon Strait. DOM at the center of cold eddies was enriched in humic‐like fluorescence and had lower spectral slopes than in eddy‐free waters, suggesting inputs of humic‐rich DOM from upwelling and enhanced productivity inside the eddy. Excess CDOM and FDOM in northern SCS intermediate water led to export to the Pacific Ocean interior, potentially delivering refractory carbon to the deep ocean. This study demonstrated that DOM optical properties are promising tools to study active marginal sea‐open ocean interactions.
Massive cortical reorganization is reversible following bilateral transplants of the hands: evidence from the first successful bilateral pediatric hand transplant patient
Authors: Gaetz William , Kessler Sudha K. , Roberts Tim P.L. , Berman Jeffrey I. , Levy Todd J. , Hsia Michelle , Humpl Deborah , Schwartz Erin S. , Amaral Sandra , Chang Ben , Levin Lawrence Scott 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn this repeated measures case study, we show that sensory deafferentation after limb amputation leads to changes in cortical somatotopic maps which are reversible after restoration of sensory input. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we observed in a child with bilateral hand transplants large‐scale shifts in somatosensory lip cortical representation from anatomic hand area to anatomic face region. After recovery of tactile sensation in the digits, responses to finger stimulation were localized to orthotopic sensory cortex, but with atypical electrophysiologic features (amplitude and frequencies).
30 s Response Time of K+ Ion‐Selective Hydrogels Functionalized with 18‐Crown‐6 Ether Based on QCM Sensor
Authors: Zhang Zhenxiao , Dou Qian , Gao Hongkai , Bai Bing , Zhang Yongmei , Hu Debo , Yetisen Ali K. , Butt Haider , Yang Xiaoxia , Li Congju , Dai Qing 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPotassium detection is critical in monitoring imbalances in electrolytes and physiological status. The development of rapid and robust potassium sensors is desirable in clinical chemistry and point‐of‐care applications. In this study, composite supramolecular hydrogels are investigated: polyethylene glycol methacrylate and acrylamide copolymer (P(PEGMA‐co‐AM)) are functionalized with 18‐crown‐6 ether by employing surface initiated polymerization. Real‐time potassium ion monitoring is realized by combining these compounds with quartz crystal microbalance. The device demonstrates a rapid response time of ≈30 s and a concentration detection range from 0.5 to 7.0 × 10−3
m. These hydrogels also exhibit high reusability and K+ ion selectivity relative to other cations in biofluids such as Na+, NH4+, Mg2+, and Ca2+. These results provide a new approach for sensing alkali metal ions using P(PEGMA‐co‐AM) hydrogels.
Rapid Differential Diagnosis of Breast Microcalcification Using Targeted Near‐Infrared Fluorophores
Authors: Park Min Ho , Lim Wonbong , Jo Danbi , Jung Jin Seok , Kim Subin , Kim Jangho , Lim Hyo Soon , Lee Ji Shin , Min Jung‐Joon , Hyun Hoon 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEarly detection and differential diagnosis of breast microcalcifications are of significant importance in effective treatment of early breast cancer, because mineral composition of breast calcification is directly associated with different pathological states. However, applying image‐based modalities for component identification in breast calcification remains challenging, because no calcification‐specific contrast agent is available to distinguish between benign and malignant (type I and type II, respectively) calcifications of breast lesions. In this study, real‐time near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of breast microcalcifications using targeted NIR fluorophores in combination with dual‐channel NIR fluorescence imaging system is reported. This strategy can be used to solve major problem in mammography and ultrasonography methods for the differentiation of benign and malignant microcalcifications. Thus, this novel technology shows significant potential for breast cancer diagnosis and image‐guided surgery performed with increased precision and efficiency by providing differential diagnosis of breast microcalcifications.
A Toroidal Metamaterial Switch
Authors: Gupta Manoj , Srivastava Yogesh Kumar , Singh Ranjan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractToroidal dipole is a localized electromagnetic excitation that plays an important role in determining the fundamental properties of matter due to its unique potential to excite nearly nonradiating charge–current configuration. Toroidal dipoles are recently discovered in metamaterial systems where it is shown that these dipoles manifest as poloidal currents on the surface of a torus and are distinctly different from the traditional electric and magnetic dipoles. Here, an active toroidal metamaterial switch is demonstrated in which the toroidal dipole can be dynamically switched to the fundamental electric dipole or magnetic dipole, through selective inclusion of active elements in a hybrid metamolecule design. Active switching of nonradiating toroidal configuration into highly radiating electric and magnetic dipoles can have significant impact in controlling the electromagnetic excitations in free space and matter that can have potential applications in designing efficient lasers, sensors, filters, and modulators.
Synergistic Exploitation of the Superoxide Scavenger Properties of Reduced Graphene Oxide and a Trityl Organic Radical for the Impedimetric Sensing of Xanthine
Authors: Seber Gonca , Muñoz Jose , Sandoval Stefania , Rovira Concepció , Tobias Gerard , Mas‐Torrent Marta , Crivillers Núria 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis work is based on synergetically exploiting the activity of graphene‐based materials and trityl free radicals to sense xanthine (X) by their combined scavenging properties for superoxide anion radical (O2•−). For this, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and rGO covalently functionalized with a perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) radical derivative (rGO@PTM) are synthesized, characterized, and casted on an electrode surface to achieve a highly sensitive electrochemical recognition platform for xanthine determination. The electrochemical analysis is based on impedimetrically monitoring a radical‐involved reaction on the graphene‐based electrode surface after reacting with such O2•− derived from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase enzymatic system. The presented strategy yields to determine X at nm levels, decreasing the detection limit 100 times with respect to previously reported (bio)sensors.
3D Printed Organ Models with Physical Properties of Tissue and Integrated Sensors
Authors: Qiu Kaiyan , Zhao Zichen , Haghiashtiani Ghazaleh , Guo Shuang‐Zhuang , He Mingyu , Su Ruitao , Zhu Zhijie , Bhuiyan Didarul B. , Murugan Paari , Meng Fanben , Park Sung Hyun , Chu Chih‐Chang , Ogle Brenda M. , Saltzman Daniel A. , Konety Badrinath R. , Sweet Robert M. , McAlpine Michael C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe design and development of novel methodologies and customized materials to fabricate patient‐specific 3D printed organ models with integrated sensing capabilities can yield advances in smart surgical aids for preoperative planning and rehearsal. Here, 3D printed prostate models are demonstrated with physical properties of tissue and integrated soft electronic sensors using custom‐formulated polymeric inks. The models show high quantitative fidelity in static and dynamic mechanical properties, optical characteristics, and anatomical geometries to patient tissues and organs. The models offer tissue‐mimicking tactile sensation and behavior and thus can be used for the prediction of organ physical behavior under deformation. The prediction results show good agreement with values obtained from simulations. The models also allow the application of surgical and diagnostic tools to their surface and inner channels. Finally, via the conformal integration of 3D printed soft electronic sensors, pressure applied to the models with surgical tools can be quantitatively measured.
Hydration and Intramolecular Cyclization of Homopropargyl Sulfonamide Derivatives Catalyzed by Silver Hexafluoroantimonate(V): Synthesis of Structurally Diverse 2,3‐Dihydro‐1H‐Pyrroles
Authors: Yu Xiuling , Guo Zhonglin , Song Hongjian , Liu Yuxiu , Wang Qingmin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe have developed an efficient, simple protocol for synthesis of structurally diverse functionalized 2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrroles by hydration and intramolecular cyclization of homopropargyl sulfonamide derivatives. Mechanistic experiments revealed that the sulfonamide nitrogen participated in the hydration reaction by chelating the Ag atom of the catalyst to assist in the formation of the hydration intermediate. The protocol accommodated a wide range of substrates and was used for a formal synthesis of (S)‐nicotine.magnified image
Naphthalenediimide – A Unique Motif in Macrocyclic and Interlocked Supramolecular Structures
Authors: Diac Andreea , Matache Mihaela , Grosu Ion , Hădade Niculina D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis review presents a survey through macrocyclic and interlocked structures containing 1,4,5,8‐naphthalendiimide residues from the synthetic point of view and also illustrates the structural particularities that dictate their main applications in supramolecular, biological and materials chemistry. The paper is organised as a comprehensive description of macrocycles, cyclophanes, catenanes, rotaxanes and metallamacrocycles along with other types of supramolecular interlocked architectures. For each category, we present the synthetic approach, the structural investigation of their properties and the developed applications as semiconductors, energy storage devices, photovoltaics, artificial photosystems, sensors, catalysts or molecular machines.magnified image
Processes and Effects of Oxygen and Moisture in Resistively Switching TaOx and HfOx
Authors: Lübben Michael , Wiefels Stefan , Waser Rainer , Valov Ilia 
Published: December 2017

AbstractForeign components such as dopants and impurities in molecular or ionic form may significantly influence forming/switching processes in redox‐based memories. This work presents a systematic study and discussion on effects of oxygen and moisture in Ta2O5 and HfO2 thin films, being two of the most used materials for redox‐based resistively switching random access memories. Whereas oxygen is found to not affect the device behavior, the presence of moisture profoundly influences it. It plays a crucial role for the counter electrode reaction, providing additional charged species and enabling the formation of oxygen vacancies, thus determining the forming voltage and the kinetics of this process. Here, methods for incorporation of moisture within the oxide films and its defect chemistry are discussed. Based on the standard electrode potentials and analysis of the electrochemical processes at both electrodes, it is possible to predict their sequence during switching. The difference using symmetric cells with inert electrodes Pt/MeOx/Pt and asymmetric devices with ohmic electrodes Me/MeOx/Pt is explained by the electrochemical reaction sequence and ability of the ohmic electrode to undergo redox reactions. Upon oxidation the Me electrode can either exchange O2− with the oxide or can be a source for cations within the MeOx, keeping the balance between oxygen rich/deficient matrix.
Comparison of digital and film chest radiography for detection and medical surveillance of silicosis in a setting with a high burden of tuberculosis
Authors: Franzblau Alfred , teWaterNaude Jim , Sen Ananda , d'Arcy Hannah , Smilg Jacqueline S. , Mashao Khanyakude S. , Meyer Cristopher A. , Lockey James E. , Ehrlich Rodney I. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundContinuing use of analog film and digital chest radiography for screening and surveillance for pneumoconiosis and tuberculosis in lower and middle income countries raises questions of equivalence of disease detection. This study compared analog to digital images for intra‐rater agreement across formats and prevalence of changes related to silicosis and tuberculosis among South African gold miners using the International Labour Organization classification system.MethodsMiners with diverse radiological presentations of silicosis and tuberculosis were recruited. Digital and film chest images on each subject were classified by four expert readers.ResultsReadings of film and soft copy digital images showed no significant differences in prevalence of tuberculosis or silicosis, and intra‐rater agreement across formats was fair to good. Hard copy images yielded higher prevalences.ConclusionFilm and digital soft copy images show consistent prevalence of findings, and generally fair to good intra‐rater agreement for findings related to silicosis and tuberculosis.
Endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure after failure of primary endoscopic sinus surgery: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Abuzeid Waleed M. , Vakil Mayand , Lin Juan , Fastenberg Judd , Akbar Nadeem A. , Fried Marvin P. , Fang Christina H. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundThe endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP) has been used as a salvage technique for frontal sinusitis following failed endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). We aim to examine the safety and efficacy of the EMLP following failure of primary ESS.MethodsAll English‐language publications from 2000 to 2016 reporting the use of EMLP after primary ESS were identified using the PubMed database and evaluated per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Random effects summaries of patient demographics, comorbidities, and surgical outcomes were obtained through meta‐analysis.ResultsEleven studies constituting 778 patients were included and 86.5% had chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Mean follow‐up duration was 28.4 months. The mean number of surgeries prior to EMLP was 3.5. Symptom improvement was reported in 82.3%. Subgroup analysis of 7 studies in which all 357 patients had CRS revealed a mean follow‐up of 31.5 months. Symptom improvement occurred in 75.9% of cases and 23.1% experienced polyp recurrence. The cerebrospinal fluid leak rate was 2.5%. Restenosis of the neo‐ostium occurred in 17.1% with complete closure occurring in 3.9% of cases. The reoperation rate after EMLP was 9.0%. Aspirin sensitivity was associated with an increased risk of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak (p = 0.0339) and a reduced incidence of neo‐ostium closure (p = 0.0001). Aspirin sensitivity and asthma were associated with a reduced incidence of reoperation (p ≤ 0.001) and increased symptom improvement (p < 0.005). Restenosis or closure of the frontal neo‐ostium was associated with less symptom improvement (p < 0.04) but not with reoperation.ConclusionThe EMLP is an effective salvage procedure for refractory frontal sinusitis based on data from higher‐volume centers.
The efficacy of a novel budesonide chitosan gel on wound healing following endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Ha Thanh , Valentine Rowan , Moratti Stephen , Hanton Lyall , Robinson Simon , Wormald Peter‐John 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundAdhesion formation and ostial stenosis are common causes of surgical failure after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Postoperative topical steroid application has been shown to improve wound healing. Chitosan‐dextran gel (CD gel) is an effective hemostatic nasal dressing. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of budesonide to CD gel on postoperative ostial stenosis and adhesion formation following ESS.MethodsThis prospective, blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted between October 2012 and April 2015. Thirty‐six patients over 18 years undergoing ESS were randomized to receive either: no treatment, CD gel, CD gel with 1 mg/ 2 mL budesonide, or topical steroid cream to their left or right sinuses (different treatment each side). Each sinus ostium and endoscopic features of wound healing was measured intraoperation, and 2 weeks, 3 months, and 12 months postoperation.ResultsData was analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) tests. There was a significant reduction in stenosis within all 3 sinuses ostia sites when CD + budesonide was compared to control, with the greatest effect seen at 12 months: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) percentage of baseline areas at 12 months were 76% ± 6.2% vs 37% ± 23.5%, 76% ± 6.3% vs 52% ± 4.9%, and 83% ± 6.5% vs 58% ± 5.0% (all p < 0.05), for CD + budesonide compared to control in the frontal, sphenoid, and maxillary sinuses, respectively. The incidence of adhesions was 4% in the CD + budesonide group compared to 15% in the control group.ConclusionThis study has shown that CD gel, when combined with topical budesonide solution, improves long‐term sinus ostial patency and prevents ostial stenosis post‐ESS.
A Molecular Pillar Approach To Grow Vertical Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets on Graphene: Hybrid Materials for Energy Storage
Authors: Sun Jinhua , Klechikov Alexey , Moise Calin , Prodana Mariana , Enachescu Marius , Talyzin Alexandr V. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHybrid 2D–2D materials composed of perpendicularly oriented covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and graphene were prepared and tested for energy storage applications. Diboronic acid molecules covalently attached to graphene oxide (GO) were used as nucleation sites for directing vertical growth of COF‐1 nanosheets (v‐COF‐GO). The hybrid material has a forest of COF‐1 nanosheets with a thickness of 3 to 15 nm in edge‐on orientation relative to GO. The reaction performed without molecular pillars resulted in uncontrollable growth of thick COF‐1 platelets parallel to the surface of GO. The v‐COF‐GO was converted into a conductive carbon material preserving the nanostructure of precursor with ultrathin porous carbon nanosheets grafted to graphene in edge‐on orientation. It was demonstrated as a high‐performance electrode material for supercapacitors. The molecular pillar approach can be used for preparation of many other 2D‐2D materials with control of their relative orientation.
Heterotelechelic Polymers by Ring‐Opening Metathesis and Regioselective Chain Transfer
Authors: Liu Peng , Yasir Mohammad , Ruggi Albert , Kilbinger Andreas F. M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHeterotelechelic polymers were synthesized by a kinetic telechelic ring‐opening metathesis polymerization method relying on the regioselective cross‐metathesis of the propagating Grubbs’ first‐generation catalyst with cinnamyl alcohol derivatives. This procedure allowed the synthesis of hetero‐bis‐end‐functional polymers in a one‐pot setup. The molecular weight of the polymers could be controlled by varying the ratio between cinnamyl alcohol derivatives and monomer. The end functional groups can be changed using different aromatically substituted cinnamyl alcohol derivatives. Different monomers were investigated and the presence of the functional groups was shown by NMR spectroscopy and MALDI‐ToF mass spectrometry. Labeling experiments with dyes were conducted to demonstrate the orthogonal addressability of both chain ends of the heterotelechelic polymers obtained.
The Solid‐Phase Synthesis of an Fe‐N‐C Electrocatalyst for High‐Power Proton‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Liu Qingtao , Liu Xiaofang , Zheng Lirong , Shui Jianglan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe environmentally friendly synthesis of highly active Fe‐N‐C electrocatalysts for proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is desirable but remains challenging. A simple and scalable method is presented to fabricate FeII‐doped ZIF‐8, which can be further pyrolyzed into Fe‐N‐C with 3 wt % of Fe exclusively in Fe‐N4 active moieties. Significantly, this Fe‐N‐C derived acidic PEMFC exhibits an unprecedented current density of 1.65 A cm−2 at 0.6 V and the highest power density of 1.14 W cm−2 compared with previously reported NPMCs. The excellent PEMFC performance can be attributed to the densely and atomically dispersed Fe‐N4 active moieties on the small and uniform catalyst nanoparticles.