bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life Histories, Demography, and Distribution of a Fluvial Bull Trout Population
Authors: Howell Philip J. , Colvin Michael E. , Sankovich Paul M. , Buchanan David V. , Hemmingsen Alan R. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTo describe the life histories and demography of a fluvial population of Bull TroutSalvelinus confluentus, we PIT‐tagged and radio‐tagged Bull Trout captured in Mill Creek, a tributary of the Walla Walla River (Washington–Oregon), during 1998–2009. Adult abundance declined 63% during 2006–2010, driven primarily by a 10‐fold reduction in subadult‐to‐adult returns. Larger subadults and fall–winter emigrants survived at higher rates, but they were a small proportion of the subadult migrants. The survival rates of larger, generally older adults were also more than 40% greater than those of smaller adults. Changes in abundance influenced other characteristics of the population. For example, adult upstream movement into spawning areas during 1999–2005 peaked in late July, whereas the smaller runs observed during 2006–2010 peaked in early September, and the relationship between fish size and migration timing shifted. Unlike many adfluvial populations, more than 90% of the adults in Mill Creek spawned annually. Bull Trout that spawned in main‐stem Mill Creek were primarily larger migratory adults; however, about 20% of the large adults were strictly or intermittently resident, remaining in the spawning area year‐round. The downstream extent of individuals' migratory distributions varied greatly—from just downstream of the spawning area to the mouth of the Walla Walla River and potentially hundreds of kilometers into the Columbia River. Despite a large sample size of radio‐tagged fish, radiotelemetry substantially underestimated the distribution and range that were evident from PIT tag detections. Life history terms such as “migratory,” “resident,” and “fluvial” and their associations with body size, movement, and distribution are useful for describing general patterns, but they fail to reflect the diversity and complexity within and among populations. For Bull Trout in Mill Creek, that life history diversity, including small, resident adult forms in the tributaries and a continuum of distribution for large adults, maximizes the use of available habitat and likely contributes to the population's persistence.
Your death might be the worst thing ever to happen to you (but maybe you shouldn’t care)
Authors: Timmerman Travis 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDeprivationism cannot accommodate the common sense assumption that we should lament our death iff, and to the extent that, it is bad for us. Call this the Nothing Bad, Nothing to Lament Assumption. As such, either this assumption needs to be rejected or deprivationism does. I first argue that the Nothing Bad, Nothing to Lament Assumption is false. I then attempt to figure out which facts our attitudes concerning death should track. I suggest that each person should have two distinct attitudes toward death: one determined by agent’s reasonable expectations about when she will die and one determined by the amount of metaphysically possible good one reasonably believes death precludes.
Actovegin, a non‐prohibited drug increases oxidative capacity in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Søndergård Stine D. , Dela Flemming , Helge Jørn W. , Larsen Steen 
Published: January 2016

AbstractActovegin, a deproteinized haemodialysate of calf blood, is suggested to have ergogenic properties, but this potential effect has never been investigated in human skeletal muscle. To investigate this purported ergogenic effect, we measured the mitochondrial respiratory capacity in permeabilized human skeletal muscle fibres acutely exposed to Actovegin in a low and in a high dose. We found that Actovegin, in the presence of complex I‐linked substrates increased the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity significantly in a concentration‐dependent manner (19 ± 3, 31 ± 4 and 45 ± 4 pmol/mg/s). Maximal OXPHOS capacity with complex I and II‐linked substrate was increased when the fibres were exposed to the high dose of Actovegin (62 ± 6 and 77 ± 6 pmol/mg/s) (p < .05). The respiratory capacity of the electron transfer system as well as Vmax and Km were also increased in a concentration‐dependent manner after Actovegin exposure (70 ± 6, 79 ± 6 and 88 ± 7 pmol/mg/s; 13 ± 2, 25 ± 3 and 37 ± 4 pmol/mg/s; 0.08 ± 0.02, 0.21 ± 0.03 and 0.36 ± 0.03 mM, respectively) (p < .05). In summary, we report for the first time that Actovegin has a marked effect on mitochondrial oxidative function in human skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial adaptations like this are also seen after a training program in human subjects. Whether this improvement translates into an ergogenic effect in athletes and thus reiterates the need to include Actovegin on the World Anti‐Doping Agency's active list remains to be investigated.
Topological facets of the logic of subset spaces (with emphasis on canonical models)
Authors: Heinemann Bernhard 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Among other things, this article makes a small contribution to the field of bi-topological modal logic, as it is examined herein to what extent Moss and Parikh's logic of subset spaces, LSS, is topologically relevant. For that purpose, several spatial characteristics are identified and proved to correspond with the axioms of this logic in the sense of topological definability first. It turns out that a certain bi-modal cover property plays a crucial part in doing so. Then, the question is raised whether these properties are valid on the canonical topo-model for LSS. Our investigation into this finally results in a topological characterization of that model, and it leads us to studying additional schemata in the same way, namely bi-modal commutation relations. As one of the questions opening our exposition asks for the nature of the topologies induced by the two LSS-modalities, we present a corresponding characterization in the concluding part of the article.
The Texting Rhythm: A Novel EEG Waveform Using Smartphones
Authors: Tatum William O. , DiCiaccio Benedetto , Kipta Joseph A. , Yelvington Kirsten H. , Stein Michael A. 
Published: January 2016

Introduction:We report a unique EEG phenomenon in patients with paroxysmal neurological events undergoing video EEG monitoring.Methods:Two epilepsy centers analyzed the interictal scalp EEG in patients using personal electronic devices during epilepsy monitoring. The texting rhythm (TR) was defined as a reproducible, stimulus-evoked, generalized frontocentral monomorphic burst of 5–6 Hz theta consistently induced by active text messaging. An independent prospective and retrospective cohort was analyzed and compared from two sites in Florida and Illinois. We assessed age, gender, diagnosis, epilepsy classification, MRI, and EEG to compare patients with a TR. Analysis was performed with statistical significance set atP< 0.05.Results:We identified 24 of 98 evaluable patients with a TR in a prospective arm at one center and 7 of 31 patients in a retrospective arm at another totaling 31/129 (24.0%). The waveform prevalence was similar at both centers independent of location. TR was highly specific to active texting. A similar waveform during independent cognitive, speech or language, motor activation and audio cellular telephone use was absent (P< 0.0001). It appeared to be increased in patients with epilepsy in one cohort (P= 0.03) and generalized seizures in the other (P= 0.025). Age, gender, epilepsy type, MRI results, and EEG lateralization in patients with focal epileptic seizures did not bear a relationship to the presence of a TR in either arm of the study (P= NS).Conclusions:The TR is a novel waveform time-locked to text messaging and associated with active use of smartphones. Electroencephalographers should be aware of the TR to separate it from an abnormality in patients undergoing video EEG monitoring. Larger sample sizes and additional research may help define the significance of this unique cognitive-visual-cognitive-motor network that is technology-related and task-specific with implications in communication research and transportation safety.
Slow-Wave Oscillations in Awake Healthy Subjects: Methodological and Physiological Considerations
Authors: Kaltiainen Hanna-Leena , Helle Liisa M. , Renvall Hanna M.-L. , Forss Nina H. 
Published: January 2016

Purpose:
Detection of pathologic slow-wave oscillations (0.5–7 Hz) in awake subjects has gained increasing interest in clinical diagnostics. Their significance, however, is hampered by the occasional presence of slow waves in healthy subjects, as well as the abundance of artefactual signals at low measurement frequencies. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of slow-wave oscillations in healthy subjects and to sharpen the management of possible measurement artifacts, in order to create a normative database for neurological patients.

Methods:
The authors analyzed magnetoencephalography recordings of spontaneous brain oscillations in 139 awake healthy adults. Sources of artifacts were first identified and suppressed by temporal extension of signal space separation method, and the remaining artifact components were projected out using signal space projection. Individual amplitude spectra were compared with the channel-level average spectra over all subjects.

Results:
Slow-wave oscillations deviating ±2 standard deviations from the average spectrum were detected in 12 subjects (∼9%). In 10 subjects, the oscillations were considered as normal physiological phenomena. Only two subjects showed activity that could have been interpreted as pathological: one subject with widespread parietal bilateral polyrhythmic slow-wave activity and one with focal rolandic 2.7-Hz slow-wave activity.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of slow-wave oscillations in a healthy adult population is low. Knowledge about their occurrence, however, is essential for interpreting their significance in brain diseases. Artifacts and benign oscillatory variants at slow frequencies have to be recognized.
An analysis of collection development in the university libraries of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Ghalib , Bhatti Rubina 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The study aims to explore the factors which influence collection development and management in academic libraries. In libraries and information centres, collection development is considered an essential element of the information life cycle. Collection development and management activities do not emanate from a vacuum. Several factors have a direct bearing on the way in which collections are developed and managed in the academic libraries. These factors are bridges and barriers for effective collection development and management.Design/methodology/approach– An extensive review of the available literature was made to conduct the study.Findings– The study found that several factors have a direct bearing on the way in which collections are developed and managed in the academic libraries. These factors include goals of collection development and management policies and procedures, user needs, collection development policies (CDPs), collection development budgets, collection evaluation to determine the strength and weaknesses of various subjects in the collections, selection of reading materials, formats in which materials are selected, the issues of access versus ownership, cooperative collection development, resource-sharing programs and legal issues in collection development and management.Originality/value– This study provides an overview of various factors that influence collection development activities in the academic libraries. It provides an insight for the selectors of library resources to take these factors into account for building effective collections in the academic libraries of Pakistan and abroad.
Report from the Charleston Conference 2015
Authors: Cassell Kay Ann 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– This paper aims to present a report on the 2015 Charleston Conference.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is based on information gained at the conference.

Findings
– Areas covered are privacy, the importance of the article, open access and electronic resources.

Originality/value
– Conference of value to those interested in collection development, etc.
Examining the perception of Iranian organizations on Internet of Things solutions and applications
Authors: Valmohammadi Changiz 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the perception of Iranian experts and executive managers of sample organizations on the benefits and barriers of Internet of Things (IoT) solutions implementation. Based on the context of Iran using descriptive analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on the review of the related literature and websites, benefits and barriers of successful implementation to IoTs solutions were identified. Through a self-administered questionnaire which was collected from 67 Iranian organizations the ranking and importance of benefits and barriers of IoTs solutions implementation were determined based on the perception of the experts of the surveyed organizations.

Findings
– Analysis of data and the obtained results reveals that “improved customer experience” and “Supply chain optimization and responsiveness” are the most important benefits that the survey organizations expect to reap as a result of IoTs solutions implementation. Also “Integration challenges” and “cannot find right suppliers” were ranked as the most challenging barriers to IoTs solutions implementation.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings and conclusions drawn from this research are representative of the Iranian context only. So, caution needs to be exercised in generalizing the results.

Practical implications
– The top management of Iranian organizations and also, policy makers of the country should be aware that IoTs solutions are being deployed rapidly throughout the globe. Therefore, it is necessary to increase investment in IT infrastructure and also by holding various training for employees and experts of Iranian organizations, and setting various IoT majors in the country’s universities and vocational schools, efforts should be made to accelerate the deployment of IoTs solutions to keep pace with leading companies in the world.

Originality/value
– As IoTs is rather a new phenomenon in the Iranian industries this study has the potential to enhance the understanding of IoTs solutions and applications, benefits and barriers amongst researches and practitioners in the context of Iran. Also policymakers of the country could take advantage of the findings of this study toward a successful implementation of IoTs solutions and applications.
An examination of antecedents of conversion rates of e-commerce retailers
Authors: Gudigantala Naveen , Bicen Pelin , Eom Mike (Tae-in) 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– This study aims to theorize and empirically examine the relationship between “purchase intention and conversion rate”, “website satisfaction and conversion rate” and “purchase intention and conversion rate”. E-Commerce conversion rate represents the percentage of visits to an e-tailer’s website that includes a purchase transaction. Despite the importance of conversion rates for e-tailers, prior research predominantly used purchase intention and website satisfaction as main dependent variables and implicitly assumed that these variables will influence the actual purchase.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data on 85 US retail websites were used to test the hypotheses. The unit of the analysis is the online retail website. Regression analysis was used to perform the data analysis.

Findings
– The results indicate that both purchase intention and website satisfaction positively influence conversion rates. It was also found that website satisfaction positively influences purchase intention.

Research limitations/implications
– Only data from 85 US e-tailers from the top-100 US online retailers are used to test the hypotheses. Also, conversion rate is only one of the several important success metrics used by e-tailers.

Originality/value
– This study not only examines antecedents of e-commerce conversion rates, but also theorizes and tests if there is a statistically significant relationship between “purchase intention and conversion rate” and “website satisfaction and conversion rate”. This is because, although previous studies used purchase intention and website satisfaction as main dependent variables and proxies for actual purchase behavior, they did not validate this relationship. This study shows that: there is a statistically significant relationship between “purchase intention and conversion rate” and “website satisfaction and conversion rate”, there is also a statistically significant relationship between “website satisfaction and purchase intention” and this study used firm-level data to theorize, measure and analyze the data, whereas prior literature used only individual-level data.
Adaptation of supply management towards a hybrid culture: the case of a Japanese automaker
Authors: Jia Fu , Gao Ruihong , Lamming Richard , Wilding Richard 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– This paper aims to identify problems caused by cultural differences between Japan and China that face supply chain managers by applying Japanese-style supply management practices within supply networks in China and present solutions to this problem.Design/methodology/approach– A single, longitudinal case study conducting two waves of data collection (i.e. interviews and observation) plus the collection of much archival data was performed. It goes beyond the dyad by examining supply management of a Japanese company’s supply chain up to three tiers in China.Findings– The four supply cultural differences between Japan and China, which caused the cultural clashes between JVCo and some of its suppliers were revealed and a model of adaptation of Japanese supply management to the Chinese business system was developed. Adaptation involves creating new supply management practices out of selective adaptation, innovation and change of existing Japanese and Chinese supply management practices rooted in different Japanese, Chinese and Western cultures. A list of organisational factors affecting the adaptation has also been provided.Research limitations/implications– Due to the adoption of a single case study method, caution should be given to generalising the findings to all Japanese firms.Practical implications– The Japanese, Chinese and Western managers were provided with insights on how to mitigate the problems caused by cultural differences within supply relationships in China and some innovative ideas on how managers from all three cultures could blend the elements of the three cultures to form a hybrid culture and reduce cultural clashes.Originality/value– This is one of the few attempts to study the transfer of Japanese supply management practice to China. Organizational theory (i.e. transfer of organizational practice and hybridization) is applied and provides a robust framework to explain the supply management practice. This study also answers the call for a global supplier relationship management paradigm.
Environmental management: the role of supply chain capabilities in the auto sector
Authors: Liu Yang , Srai Jagjit Singh , Evans Steve 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the specific role of supply chain capabilities (SCCs) in the implementation of particular green strategies and the extent to which this relationship is contingent upon firm size.Design/methodology/approach– A survey-based approach was used to empirically test the study hypotheses. Data that were collected from 225 senior logistics/supply chain managers across the automotive OEM and supplier base (predominantly from China, North America and Europe) were analyzed using moderated regression analyses.Findings– SCCs contribute to effective green strategy implementation and their magnitude varies significantly with respect to green design, green purchasing and green manufacturing. Firm size has positive moderating effects on supply chain flexibility in both green design and green purchasing, and on supplier appraisal capability in both green purchasing and green manufacturing. However, unexpectedly, firm size negatively moderates not only supply chain management (SCM) skills/knowledge in both green design and green purchasing but also IT/IS support in green manufacturing.Research limitations/implications– This paper adopted a cross-sectional survey design and was only conducted in the automotive industry which may affect the inferences of causality and generalizability beyond this sector.Practical implications– Managers should consider whether the green strategies that they want to follow “fit” with their existing resources/capabilities and firm-level conditions, and accordingly develop and deploy appropriate SSCs for successful implementation.Originality/value– The research contributes to the existing resource-based view literature by studying the capability–strategy link with its specific application to environmental management.
3PL selection criteria in integrated circuit manufacturing industry in Taiwan
Authors: Hwang Bang-Ning , Chen Tsai-Ti , Lin James T. 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this study was to identify the key third-party logistics (3PL) selection criteria for the integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing industry in Taiwan. The IC manufacturing industry seeks global sourcing, and is facing increasing pressure due to fierce market competition. More than a cost reduction strategy, 3PL is a strategic tool for IC manufacturers to gain a competitive advantage in a global supply chain complex.Design/methodology/approach– The triangulation method that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches was used in the study. The qualitative approach of focus group discussions was adopted to establish the decision framework, and the quantitative approach of the analytic hierarchy process was used to explore the relative importance of the 3PL selection criteria. Finally, an in-depth proof-by-example interview was undertaken to provide an insightful interpretation of the research results.Findings– The research shows that performance is the most important criterion group, followed by cost, service, quality assurance, intangible and information technology. At the detailed sub-criteria level, document accuracy, problem-solving capability, continuous cost reduction, value-added services and associated cost control capability are the top five criteria.Research limitations/implications– This study focused on the IC manufacturing sector in Taiwan. Multi-country and multi-industry studies are recommended to help further validate and generalise the research findings.Originality/value– Due to its application of triangulation, this study is a pioneering work on the 3PL selection criteria in a high-tech manufacturing industry. Furthermore, the value of this research is that it enhances the body of knowledge of 3PL selection by identifying certain emerging selection criteria, it could serve as a guideline for IC manufacturers in planning logistics outsourcing actions and it could significantly contribute to the efforts of 3PL providers in evaluating whether they comply with customer needs and adhere to core competency development.