bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soy isoflavone consumption and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Yi , Jing Xiaoli , Li Hui , Zhao Xiang , Wang Dongping 
Published: May 2016

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most predominant solid carcinomas in Western countries. However, there is conflicting information on the effects of soy isoflavone on CRC risk. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the association between soy isoflavone consumption and CRC risk in humans using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. A total of 17 epidemiologic studies, which consisted of thirteen case-control and four prospective cohort studies, met the inclusion criteria. Our research findings revealed that soy isoflavone consumption reduced CRC risk (relative risk, RR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.72–0.85; I2 = 34.1%, P = 0.024). Based on subgroup analyses, a significant protective effect was observed with soy foods/products (RR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.69–0.89), in Asian populations (RR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.72–0.87), and in case-control studies (RR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.68–0.84). Therefore, soy isoflavone consumption was significantly associated with a reduced risk of CRC risk, particularly with soy foods/products, in Asian populations, and in case-control studies. However, due to the limited number of studies, other factors may affect this association.
Enhancement of tendon-to-bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells genetically modified with bFGF/BMP2
Authors: Chen Biao , Li Bin , Qi Yong-Jian , Ni Qu-Bo , Pan Zheng-Qi , Wang Hui , Chen Liao-Bin 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMany strategies, including various growth factors and gene transfer, have been used to augment healing after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The biological environment regulated by the growth factors during the stage of tendon-bone healing was considered important in controlling the integrating process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) genetically modified with bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on healing after ACL reconstruction. BMSCs were infected with an adenoviral vector encoding BMP2 (AdBMP2) or bFGF (AdbFGF). Then, the infected BMSCs were surgically implanted into the tendon-bone interface. At 12 weeks postoperatively, the formation of abundant cartilage-like cells, smaller tibial bone tunnel and significantly higher ultimate load and stiffness levels, through histological analysis, micro-computed tomography and biomechanical testing, were observed. In addition, the AdBMP2-plus-AdbFGF group had the smallest bone tunnel and the best mechanical properties among all the groups. The addition of BMP2 or bFGF by gene transfer resulted in better cellularity, new bone formation and higher mechanical property, which contributed to the healing process after ACL reconstruction. Furthermore, the co-application of these two genes was more powerful and efficient than either single gene therapy.
A new method to manipulate broiler chicken growth and metabolism: Response to mixed LED light system
Authors: Yang Yefeng , Yu Yonghua , Pan Jinming , Ying Yibin , Zhou Hong 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPresent study introduced a new method to manipulate broiler chicken growth and metabolism by mixing the growth-advantage LED. We found that the green/blue LED mixed light system (G-B and G × B) have the similar stimulatory effect on chick body weight with single green light and single blue light (G and B), compared with normal artificial light (P = 0.028). Moreover, the percentage of carcass was significantly greater in the mixed light (G × B) when compared with the single light (P = 0.003). Synchronized with body weight, the mixed light (G-B and G × B) had a significant improved influence on the feed conversion of birds compared with normal light (P = 0.002). A significant improvement in feed conversion were found in mixed light (G × B) compared with single LED light (P = 0.037). G group resulted in a greater high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level than B group (P = 0.002), whereas B group resulted in a greater low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level than G group (P = 0.017). The mixed light significantly increased the birds’ glucose level in comparison with the single light (P = 0.003). This study might establish an effective strategy for maximizing growth of chickens by mixed LED technology.
Bacterial and archaeal communities in the deep-sea sediments of inactive hydrothermal vents in the Southwest India Ridge
Authors: Zhang Likui , Kang Manyu , Xu Jiajun , Xu Jian , Shuai Yinjie , Zhou Xiaojian , Yang Zhihui , Ma Kesen 
Published: May 2016

AbstractActive deep-sea hydrothermal vents harbor abundant thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms. However, microbial communities in inactive hydrothermal vents have not been well documented. Here, we investigated bacterial and archaeal communities in the two deep-sea sediments (named as TVG4 and TVG11) collected from inactive hydrothermal vents in the Southwest India Ridge using the high-throughput sequencing technology of Illumina MiSeq2500 platform. Based on the V4 region of 16S rRNA gene, sequence analysis showed that bacterial communities in the two samples were dominated by Proteobacteria, followed by Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Furthermore, archaeal communities in the two samples were dominated by Thaumarchaeota and Euryarchaeota. Comparative analysis showed that (i) TVG4 displayed the higher bacterial richness and lower archaeal richness than TVG11; (ii) the two samples had more divergence in archaeal communities than bacterial communities. Bacteria and archaea that are potentially associated with nitrogen, sulfur metal and methane cycling were detected in the two samples. Overall, we first provided a comparative picture of bacterial and archaeal communities and revealed their potentially ecological roles in the deep-sea environments of inactive hydrothermal vents in the Southwest Indian Ridge, augmenting microbial communities in inactive hydrothermal vents.
Increased expression of SET domain-containing proteins and decreased expression of Rad51 in different classes of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Si , Li Yiyang , Xu Hongmei , Wang Kaichen , Li Nan , Li Jia , Sun Tao , Xu Ying 
Published: May 2016

In the present study, we aimed to examine whether SET domain-containing methyltransferases are up-regulated in different classes of renal cell carcinoma. We immunoblotted against SET domain and quantified the expression of these modular domains. Furthermore, we examined the expression of Rad51, the key protein that confers genomic stability. There was enhanced expression of SET domain-containing histone methyltransferases in whole lysates of all classes of renal carcinoma. In metastatic high grade clear cell carcinoma, this expression was more pronounced. Though we could not demonstrate direct correlation, we showed that epigenetic modification by methylation is associated with decreased genomic translation of Rad51.
Enhanced control of grid‐connected inverters with non‐linear inductor in LCL filter
Authors: Safamehr Hossein , Najafabadi Tooraj Abbasian , Salmasi Farzad Rajaei 
Published: May 2016

In grid‐connected inverters, utilisation of an appropriate output filter is vital to improve power quality. However, the filter, which comprises of capacitor and inductor(s), should be cost effective. In this study, an LCL filter with non‐linear inverter‐side inductor is used to reduce the filter volume and cost. In order to harness the undesirable non‐linear behaviour of the LCL filter's inductor, a new control scheme based on proportional‐resonant controller is proposed. The control strategy is based on combinational feedback of inverter‐side and grid‐side currents, with online adaptive estimation of non‐linear inductor. With this scheme, the harmonic compensators’ gains can be reduced, while stability margins and dynamic response are improved. Therefore, while a cost‐effective filter is used at the inverter output, acceptable total harmonic distortion is achieved. Experimental tests based on a 7 kW digital signal processor controlled prototype inverter are provided to verify the proposed control strategy for grid‐connected inverters with LCL output filter benefiting from low‐cost non‐linear inductor.
Prozeduren, die in der Allgemeinmedizin durchgeführt werden – eine Querschnittstudie
Authors: Steinhäuser J. , Jäkel K. , Szecsenyi J. , Goetz K. , Ledig T. , Joos S. 
Published: May 2016

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie: Allgemeinmedizin (AM) beinhaltet die Grundversorgung aller Patienten. Dementsprechend führen Allgemeinärzte vielfältige diagnostische oder therapeutische Maßnahmen (= medizinische Prozeduren) durch. Für die Abschätzung des Leistungsspektrums von Hausärzten aus Sicht der Versorgungsforschung ist es unabdingbar, die wesentlichen medizinischen Prozeduren, die von Allgemeinärzten vorgehalten werden, zu kennen und wesentliche Einflussfaktoren darauf zu identifizieren.
Methodik: Aus den Ergebnissen einer selektiven Literaturrecherche, den Anforderungen der Weiterbildungsordnung und den Erfahrungen der Autoren aus dem bisherigen Entwicklungsprozess des kompetenzbasierten Curriculums AM wurde ein Fragebogen mit 89 verschiedenen medizinischen Prozeduren erstellt. Dieser wurde an eine zufällige Stichprobe von 1 576 Allgemeinärzten in ganz Deutschland versendet.
Ergebnisse: Die Rücklaufquote betrug 42%. 42 der 89 Prozeduren wurden von mindestens 50% der Teilnehmer in ihrer Praxis durchgeführt. Diese Prozeduren betreffen vor allem solche, die der Haut, den Augen, den Ohren, der Nase, dem Gastrointestinaltrakt, dem Harntrakt und dem Muskuloskeletalsystem zugeordnet werden können. Signifikante Unterschiede zeigten sich bei 25 der 42 häufigsten Prozeduren hinsichtlich ländlich und städtisch praktizierender Ärzte, bei 9 Prozeduren hinsichtlich der Dauer der hausärztlichen Tätigkeit und bei 19 Prozeduren hinsichtlich des Geschlechts der Teilnehmer.
Schlussfolgerung: Mit der vorliegenden Erhebung konnte erstmals gezeigt werden, welche medizinischen Prozeduren von Allgemeinärzten mit welcher Häufigkeit in Deutschland durchgeführt werden. Mit der Lokalisation des Praxissitzes im ländlichen oder städtischen Bereich, dem Geschlecht und der Niederlassungsdauer konnten wesentliche Einflussfaktoren auf das Leistungsspektrum identifiziert werden.
Tobacco Outlet Density and Attitudes Towards Smoking among Urban Adolescent Smokers
Authors: Mennis Jeremy , Mason Michael 
Published: May 2016

Background: This study investigates whether residential exposure to tobacco outlets (i.e., convenience stores and other stores selling tobacco) is associated with attitudes towards smoking among a sample of urban, primarily African American, adolescent smokers. Methods: Cross-sectional survey data for 197 adolescents were integrated with spatial data on tobacco outlets via subject home addresses. Ordinal regression was employed to test hypotheses that closer proximity to, and higher concentrations of, tobacco outlets are associated with higher measures of intention to continue to smoke in the future, weaker self-efficacy related to stopping smoking, and more accepting social norms related to smoking, while controlling for characteristics of age, gender, family and peer smoking contexts, and level of nicotine dependence. Moderation by age and gender was also investigated. Results: Higher residential tobacco outlet density is significantly associated with a greater intention to smoke in the next 3 months, a lower readiness to stop smoking, and a greater likelihood of accepting a cigarette from a friend. Residential proximity to a tobacco outlet is significantly associated with a greater intention to smoke 5 years on. Evidence of a relationship between exposure to tobacco outlets and social norms related to smoking was not found, nor was there evidence for moderation of these relationships by age or gender. Conclusions: These results suggest that among urban adolescents who currently smoke, higher residential exposure to tobacco outlets is associated with greater predisposition towards future smoking and lower self-evaluation of the ability to stop smoking.
Anti-diabetic effects of luteolin and luteolin-7-O-glucoside on KK-Aymice
Authors: Zang Yanqing , Igarashi Kiharu , Li Yu 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAnti-diabetic potential of luteolin (LU) and luteolin-7-O-glucoside (LUG) were investigated in the amount of equimolar on KK-Ay mice. The results showed that both of LU and LUG significantly improved blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, and HOMR-IR levels. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of the LU and LUG were also proved. Furthermore, TGs in serum and liver were significantly decreased in the LU and LUG groups, as well as the mRNA expression of fat acid expression-related genes (SREBP-1c), compared to the basal diet group (CON). When compared the effects between the LU and LUG groups, TGs of the LU group were lower than those of the LUG group, accompanied with significantly decreased FAS activity and SREBP-1c expression in liver. These results suggested that both LU and LUG had positive effects of anti-diabetes on KK-Ay mice, but LU more potently ameliorated diabetes than LUG, which might be attributed to the inhibitory of lipid synthesis.
Quality of Interhospital Transfer Communication Practices and Association With Adverse Events on an Internal Medicine Hospitalist Service
Authors: Borofsky Jennifer S. , Bartsch Jason C. , Howard Alan B. , Repp Allen B. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract:
Communication practices around interhospital transfer have not been rigorously assessed in adult medicine patients. Furthermore, the clinical implications of such practices have not been reported. This case–control study was designed to assess the quality of communication between clinicians during interhospital transfer and to determine if posttransfer adverse events (PTAEs) are associated with suboptimal communication. Cases included patients transferred to a Medicine Hospitalist Service from an outside hospital who subsequently experienced a PTAE, defined as unplanned transfer to an intensive care unit or death within 24 hours of transfer. Control patients also underwent interhospital transfer but did not experience a PTAE. A blinded investigator retrospectively reviewed the recorded pretransfer phone conversations between sending and receiving clinicians for adherence to a set of 13 empiric best practice communication elements. The primary outcome was the mean communication score, on a scale of 0–13. Mean scores between PTAE (8.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.6–8.9) and control groups (7.9; 95% CI, 7.1–8.8) did not differ significantly (p = .50), although suboptimal communication on a subset of these elements was associated with increased PTAEs. Communication around interhospital transfer appears suboptimal compared with an empiric set of standard communication elements. Posttransfer adverse events were not associated with aggregate adherence to these standards.
In Their Own Words: An Analysis of the Experiences of Medical Interns Participating in a Prospective Cohort Study of Depression
Authors: Mata Douglas A. , Ramos Marco A. , Kim Michelle M. , Guille Constance , Sen Srijan 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
To compare the subjective experiences of interns with and without symptoms of depression using a mixed-methods approach.

Method
In 2007–2008, interns from six institutions were screened for depression before and during internship using an online survey that included the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). At the end of internship, participants were asked what made the year difficult, easy, and memorable, and how they had changed. Computerized lexical and qualitative thematic analyses were performed to analyze their free-text responses.

Results
Sixty-three percent (244/388) of invited interns participated in the original cohort study. Of those, 42% (103/244) answered the open-ended questions for this analysis. Thirty-five percent (36/103) screened positive for clinically significant depression (i.e., PHQ-9 score ≥ 10) during their intern year. Respondents with symptoms of depression were more likely to report problems with cynicism, exhaustion, and stress, while those without them were more likely to mention positive patient care and educational experiences. Respondents with symptoms of depression preferentially described experiences that “broke” their confidence, sense of well-being, and belief in the medical profession, while those who did not described profoundly positive, life-changing experiences regarding interactions with patients and supportive colleagues, through which they grew personally and professionally.

Conclusions
Depression during internship affects not only objective outcomes like medical errors but also how interns value the profession and themselves, with potentially profound consequences for their future career decisions. Residency programs should implement reactive interventions targeting depression and proactive interventions promoting resilience and well-being to address the issues that lead to depression.
Fulranumab in Patients With Pain Associated With Postherpetic Neuralgia and Postraumatic Neuropathy
Authors: Wang Hao , Romano Gary , Fedgchin Margaret , Russell Lucille , Sanga Panna , Kelly Kathleen M. , Frustaci Mary Ellen , Thipphawong John 
Published: May 2016

Objective:
Fulranumab is an antibody that specifically neutralizes the biological activity of human nerve growth factor. This multicenter, phase-2, randomized, double-blind (DB), placebo-controlled study evaluated the analgesic efficacy and safety of fulranumab in postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and posttraumatic neuropathy (PTN) patients.

Methods:
Patients (18 to 80 y) with inadequately controlled moderate-to-severe pain received study medication (subcutaneous injection) every 4 weeks. PHN patients were randomized (3:2:2:3) to receive either placebo or one of 3 doses of fulranumab: 1 mg (1 mgQ4 wk), 3 mg (3 mgQ4 wk), or 10 mg (10 mgQ4 wk). PTN patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either placebo or fulranumab 10 mgQ4 wk.

Results:
The US Food and Drug Administration placed a clinical hold (December 23, 2010) on all trials of antinerve growth factor drugs, including fulranumab, due to identified risks of osteonecrosis or rapidly progressing osteoarthritis; therefore, only 49 (of 150 planned) PHN patients and 34 (of 50 planned) PTN patients completed the DB efficacy evaluation. There was no significant difference (P>0.05, fulranumab vs. placebo) for change in 7-day average of daily pain intensity scores from DB baseline to end of 12-week DB efficacy phase in PHN or PTN patients (primary endpoint). No significant difference was found with fulranumab versus placebo (P>0.05) in other efficacy measures in either PHN or PTN patients. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (>10% incidence) in PTN patients were sinusitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headache, whereas in PHN patients it was arthralgia.

Discussion:
Fulranumab did not demonstrate efficacy in either PHN or PTN patients, but was generally well-tolerated in this small underpowered and abbreviated study.
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Mitigates Opioid-induced Worsening of Sleep-disordered Breathing Early after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Zaremba Sebastian , Shin Christina H. , Hutter Matthew M. , Malviya Sanjana A. , Grabitz Stephanie D. , MacDonald Teresa , Diaz-Gil Daniel , Ramachandran Satya Krishna , Hess Dean , Malhotra Atul , Eikermann Matthias 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAbstract
This prospective, randomized, cross over trial compared the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) with and without continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in 38 morbidly-obese patients and found that the CPAP reduced the AHI by 69% and was more effective during non-rapid eye movement sleep than during wakefulness. The AHI was worsened by self-administered opioid for pain and the CPAP application effectively mitigated the AHI deterioration.

Background
Bariatric surgery patients are vulnerable to sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) early after recovery from surgery and anesthesia. The authors hypothesized that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) improves postoperative oxygenation and SDB and mitigates opioid-induced respiratory depression.

Methods
In a randomized crossover trial, patients after bariatric surgery received 30% oxygen in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) under two conditions: atmospheric pressure and CPAP (8 to 10 cm H2O). During 1 h of each treatment, breathing across cortical arousal states was analyzed using polysomnography and spirometry. Arousal state and respiratory events were scored in accordance with American Academy of Sleep Medicine guidelines. Data on opioid boluses in the PACU were collected. The primary and secondary outcomes were the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and apnea after self-administration of opioids in the PACU. Linear mixed model analysis was used to compare physiologic measures of breathing.

Results
Sixty-four percent of the 33 patients with complete postoperative polysomnography data demonstrated SDB (AHI greater than 5/h) early after recovery from anesthesia. CPAP treatment decreased AHI (8 ± 2/h vs. 25 ± 5/h, P < 0.001), decreased oxygen desaturations (5 ± 10/h vs. 16 ± 20/h, P < 0.001), and increased the mean oxygen saturation by 3% (P = 0.003). CPAP significantly decreased the respiratory-depressant effects observed during wakefulness–sleep transitions without affecting hemodynamics. The interaction effects between CPAP treatment and opioid dose for the dependent variables AHI (P < 0.001), inspiratory flow (P = 0.002), and minute ventilation (P = 0.015) were significant.

Conclusions
This pharmacophysiologic interaction trial shows that supervised CPAP treatment early after surgery improves SDB and ameliorates the respiratory-depressant effects of opioids without undue hemodynamic effects.