bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Searching for the “Old West” in the Theme Towns of the New American West
Authors: Ewert Eric C. 
Published: January 2016

<div align="center"><p>The Western Anachronism: thanks to western novels and Hollywood, the general public and a great many foreign visitors believe that the “Real West” is, or should be, the mythic West of cowboys and Indians, pickax miners, mountain trappers, and Oregon Trail pioneers. And for a great many busted resource towns, Real West tourism seems to be the boom waiting to replace moribund mining, logging, ranching, and agriculture. So, in many places, towns have rushed to re-create the past in order to attract visitors and new residents. Tourists want to see 19th century saloons and bordellos, old-style signs, Main Street gunfights, blacksmith shops, and hitching posts, not irrigated agriculture, sprawling suburbs, interstate highways, franchise America, and retirement communities. To meet these expectations, towns have reinvented themselves as “museums” of the Old West. For some, historic preservation and resurrection of past landscapes have sufficed, but for others, the “old” look is completely contrived. In both cases, this “Old West” iconography has become emblematic of the rapidly growing modern “New West.” It appears as Victorian, Bavarian, Mining, Wild West, Alpine, Old West, Southwest, Frontier, and other themes. Indeed, one can hardly visit a rural western town without seeing half-timbers or false fronts or board sidewalks or adobe bricks or tile roofs or some other representative adornment or period bric-a-brac. Furthermore, the activities of tourism and outdoor recreation seem most at home when rooted in these “themed” landscapes. The only problem is this: while many theme towns have enjoyed sustained economic success, the costs and tradeoffs have often rendered them no more real or stable than a western movie-set façade.</p></div>
Convulsão febril: aspectos clínicos e terapêuticos. Artigo de revisão
Authors: Alencar Sarah Pinheiro de 
Published: January 2016

Convulsões febris são uma manifestação epiléptica benigna da infância que ocorre entre 3 meses e 5 anos de idade e que afeta um número estimado de 2-5 % das crianças. As convulsões febris simples têm um prognóstico benigno em quase todos os casos e não necessitam de uma extensa investigação diagnóstica. As convulsões febris complexas necessitam de uma avaliação clínica mais detalhada e exames complementares podem ser indicados devido ao maior risco de causas subjacentes detectáveis e um discreto maior risco para o desenvolvimento posterior de epilepsia. As convulsões febris geralmente não têm efeitos negativos importantes no desenvolvimento cognitivo e motor. O uso da profilaxia com anticonvulsivantes tem controvérsias na literatura, porém não são rotineiramente recomendados tanto em crises simples, como nas complexas, uma vez que seus efeitos colaterais superam os benefícios dessa prática. Nesta revisão, serão abordados os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos das convulsões febris, além das considerações acerca do seu tratamento.
Perfil dos pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de cirurgia de cabeça e pescoço no Hospital das Clínicas (UFC-CE)
Authors: Barbosa Roberto Esmeraldo Nogueira , Ferreira Luis Alberto Albano , Fonseca Marcio Ribeiro Studart da , Castro Junior Francisco Monteiro de 
Published: January 2016

Introdução: O Programa de Residência Médica do Serviço de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço do HUWC foi fundado em 2005, tornando-se a primeira residência médica da especialidade no eixo norte-nordeste. Avaliar o perfil dos pacientes atendidos é sempre importante para melhor compreensão da especialidade.Objetivo: Analisar de forma descritiva o perfil de atendimentos realizados no ambulatório de cirurgia de cabeça e pescoço. Material: Foram analisados 6315 atendimentos ambulatoriais no período de março de 2012 a dezembro de 2014.Métodos: Revisão do prontuário de todos os pacientes atendidos. Análise descritiva de dados de atendimento ambulatorial. Resultados: Foram realizados 6315 atendimentos no período, com uma média de quase 16 pacientes por turno de ambulatório, sendo 1448 pacientes atendidos pela primeira vez na instituição. As patologias de tireóide foram responsáveis por mais de 50% dos atendimentos. Tivemos uma média de idade de 53,18 anos. Conclusão: O perfil das patologias vista no ambulatório no nosso Hospital Universitário é o mesmo de outros serviços de excelência. O estudo comprova que o ambulatório de cirurgia de cabeça e pescoço encontra-se apto a atender a formação do residente do serviço, levando-o a se familiarizar com as principais patologias da especialidade e tornando-o apto a adentrar o mercado de trabalho.
Características endoscópicas e anatomopatológicas de uma série de 128 pólipos gástricos diagnosticados no Serviço de Endoscopia do Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio
Authors: Regadas Suyanne Maria De Albuquerque Xerez , Lázaro Filho Geraldo Cezário de , Barbosa Sergio Henrique Brito , Valença José Telmo , Franco Luciano Monteiro , Souza Miguel Ângelo Nobre e , Souza Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte de 
Published: January 2016

Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação entre o diagnóstico endoscópico e anatomopatológico dos pólipos gástricos e buscar possíveis associações. Metodologia: Estudo retrospectivo com análise de 128 pólipos em 121 pacientes , cujas informações foram colhidas a partir dos bancos de dados dos setores de endoscopia e patologia do HUWC-UFC, no período de maio de 2010 a maio de 2012. Resultados: 22% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino e 78% do feminino. Quanto às características endoscópicas, observamos mais comumente pólipos únicos, localizados no corpo e medindo menos que 1,0 cm, 60,9% dos pólipos eram hiperplásicos, 17,2% inflamatórios, 9,4% de glândulas fúndicas e 4,6% adenomas. A análise comparativa entre os adenomas e os demais pólipos definiu que 50% dos adenomas eram maiores que 1 cm, enquanto que 88% dos não-adenomas eram menores que 1 cm (p<0,05). 66,7% dos pólipos adenomatosos localizaram-se no antro, enquanto que os pólipos não-adenomatosos ocorreram em 31% dos casos (p = 0,08). Conclusão: Houve predominância dos pólipos não-adenomatosos, principalmente do tipo hiperplásico. A associação da histologia de adenoma com pólipos maiores que 1,0 cm e localizados no antro foi encontrada.
Geologic Controls on Gas Production and Hydraulic-Fracturing Flowback in Tight Gas Sandstones of the Late Jurassic Monteith Formation, Deep Basin, Alberta, Canada
Authors: Zambrano Liliana , Pedersen Per K. , Aguilera Roberto 
Published: January 2016

Summary
A comparison of rock properties integrated with production performance and hydraulic-fracturing flowback (FB) of the uppermost lithostratigraphic “Monteith A” and the lowermost portion “Monteith C” of the Monteith Formation in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) in Alberta is carried out with the use of existing producing gas wells. The analyses are targeted to understand the major geologic controls that differentiate the two tight gas sandstone reservoirs.
This study consists of basic analytical tools available for geological characterization of tight gas reservoirs that is based on the identification and comparison of different rock types such as depositional, petrographic, and hydraulic for each lithostratigraphic unit of the Monteith Formation. As these low-matrix-permeability sandstone reservoirs were subjected to intense post-depositional diagenesis, a comparison of the various rock types allows the generation of more-accurate reservoir description, and a better understanding of the key geologic characteristics that control gas-production potential and possible impact on hydraulic-fracturing FB. Well performance and FB were the focus of many previous simulation and geochemical studies. In contrast, we find that an adequate understanding of the rocks hosting hydraulic fractures is a necessary complement to those studies for estimating FB times. This understanding was lacking in some previous studies. As a result, a new method is proposed on the basis of a crossplot of cumulative gas production vs. square root of time for estimating FB time.
It is concluded that the “Monteith A” unit has better rock quality than the “Monteith C” unit because of less-heterogeneous reservoir geometry, less-complex mineralogical composition, and larger pore-throat apertures.
On the Use of Particle-Size-Distribution Data for Permeability Prediction
Authors: Babak Olena , Resnick Jonah 
Published: January 2016

SummaryParticle-size distribution (PSD) is a list of values that defines the relative amount of particles present according to the size in a sample. The PSD of the McMurray Formation sediments characterizes rock granulometry and is a fundamental indicator of the nature of the sediment. The size distribution of the component solid particles in the McMurray Formation sediments relates to their porosity; volume of water and bitumen contained within the pore space; and the depositional environment, including lithological association, stratigraphy, areal distribution, and associated physical processes.PSD is known to be a significant factor for evaluating bitumen recovery from an oil-sand mine. This is because presence of fines (evaluated by PSD analysis) affects the hot-water-separation process and processing-plant recovery prediction and provides grade control. Presence of more fines translates into lower recovery from commercial oil-sand processing. In this study, we investigate whether the PSD should be also considered a critical parameter for evaluation and estimation of permeability of an oil-sand reservoir.We show, by use of the data from Cenovus Energy's Telephone Lake lease, that there is a strong relationship between permeability and PSD data. We also show that the information provided by the PSDs for permeability prediction is more significant than that inferred from a simple porosity/permeability relationship. Subsequently, we comment on permeability modeling by use of PSD data and list the techniques available for cleaning and modeling of multivariate PSDs.We document a methodology for modeling of PSDs and provide a work flow for incorporating these data in improved understanding and modeling of permeability and its distribution.
Biomechanical evaluation of a non-locking pre-manufactured loop suture technique compared to a three-loop pulley suture in a canine calcaneus tendon avulsion model
Authors: Dunlap Anna , McNicholas Thomas , Kim Stanley 
Published: January 2016

SummaryObjective: The purpose of this cadaveric study was to compare the strength of a non-locking pre-manufactured loop (Speed -Whip™ [SW]) suture pattern using Fiber-wire® with the three-loop pulley (TLP) suture pattern using polypropylene for the surgical repair of canine calcaneal tendon avulsion injuries.Methods: In vitro biomechanical study using 22 paired tendons collected from 11 canine cadavers. Paired tendons were repaired with either a SW suture pattern using Fiberloop® suture or a TLP suture pattern using polypropylene suture. Tensile loads required to create a 1 mm gap, 3 mm gap, and construct failure were measured.Results: The mean loads to achieve a 1 mm gap in the TLP and SW constructs were not significantly different. Gap formation at 3 mm occurred at significantly lower loads for the SW (106.4 ± 21.5N) than for the TLP (127.2 ± 27.5N) (p = 0.05). The mean loads to construct failure for the TLP (172.8 ± 39.4N) and SW (131.3 ± 34.3N) were significantly different (p = 0.001).Clinical significance: The TLP with polypropylene suture is superior to the SW using Fiberloop® at resistance to 3 mm gap formation.
SIMULTANEOUS OBSERVATIONS OF GIANT PULSES FROM PULSAR PSR B0950+08 AT 42 AND 74 MHz
Authors: Tsai Jr-Wei , Simonetti John H. , Akukwe Bernadine , Bear Brandon , Gough Jonathan D. , Shawhan Peter , Kavic Michael 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the detection of giant pulse (GP) emission from PSR B0950+08 in 12 hr of observations made simultaneously at 42 and 74 MHz, using the first station of the Long Wavelength Array. We detected 275 GPs (in 0.16% of the pulse periods) and 465 GPs (0.27%) at 42 and 74 MHz, respectively. The pulsar is weaker and produces less frequent GPs than at 100 MHz. Here, GPs are taken as having

10 times the flux density of an average pulse (AP); their cumulative distribution of pulse strength follows a power law, with an index of −4.1 at 42 MHz and −5.1 at 74 MHz, which is much less steep than would be expected if we were observing the tail of a Gaussian distribution of normal pulses. We detected no other transient pulses in a wide dispersion measure range from 1 to 5000 pc cm−3. There were 128 GPs detected within the same periods from both 42 and 74 MHz, which means more than half of them are not generated in a wide band. The CLEAN-based algorithm was used to deconvolve the the effect of scattering broadening and we have concluded that the scattering effect from the interstellar medium at 42 and 74 MHz is weak and cannot be distinguished from the pulse profiles. We calculated the altitude r of the emission region using the dipolar magnetic field model. We found r(42 MHz) = 29.27 km (0.242% of R
LC) and r(74 MHz) = 29.01 km (0.240% of R
LC) for the AP, while for GPs, r(42 MHz) = 29.10 km (0.241% of R
LC) and r(74 MHz) = 28.95 km (0.240% of R
LC). GPs, which have a double-peak structure, have a smaller mean peak-to-peak separation compared to the AP.
STEALING THE GAS: GIANT IMPACTS AND THE LARGE DIVERSITY IN EXOPLANET DENSITIES
Authors: Inamdar Niraj K. , Schlichting Hilke E. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Although current sensitivity limits are such that true solar system analogs remain challenging to detect, numerous planetary systems have been discovered that are very different from our own solar system. The majority of systems harbor a new class of planets, bodies that are typically several times more massive than the Earth but orbit their host stars well inside the orbit of Mercury. These planets frequently show evidence for large hydrogen and helium envelopes containing several percent of the planet’s mass and display a large diversity in mean densities. Here we show that this wide range can be achieved by one or two late giant impacts, which are frequently needed to achieve long-term orbital stability in multiple planet systems once the gas disk has disappeared. We demonstrate using hydrodynamical simulations that a single collision between similarly sized exoplanets can easily reduce the envelope-to-core-mass ratio by a factor of two and show that this leads to a corresponding increase in the observed mean density by factors of two to three. In addition, we investigate how envelope mass loss depends on envelope mass, planet radius, semimajor axis, and the mass distribution inside the envelope. We propose that a small number of giant impacts may be responsible for the large observed spread in mean densities, especially for multiple-planet systems that contain planets with very different densities and have not been significantly sculpted by photoevaporation.
Entre auto-altération de soi et permanence identificatoire
Authors: Givre Philippe 
Published: January 2016

Au cœur du processus adolescent, on trouve, dans les conceptions de P. Aulagnier, un phénomène fondamental « d’auto-altération de soi ». De fait, le préalable à tout processus adolescent est de bénéficier d’un nombre de points d’ancrage stables, susceptibles de garantir la permanence et la fiabilité identitaires. Seule l’assurance que du même persiste autorisera l’ouverture de l’éventail des positions identificatoires, tout en favorisant la tolérance du sujet aux « auto-modifications de soi ».
Union sacrée ou union forcée ? Les parlementaires belges face à l’impératif délibératif
Authors: Jacquet Vincent , Schiffino Nathalie , Reuchamps Min , Latinis Delphine 
Published: January 2016

Dans le cadre des mutations de la démocratie, les conceptions qu’ont les élus de la représentation politique et de la participation citoyenne méritent d’être analysées, car elles permettent de comprendre la potentielle insertion de nouvelles formes démocratiques dans les régimes parlementaires actuels. La position des élus oscille entre méfiance et usage des dispositifs de démocratie participative. Grâce à une méthode qualitative de codage d’entretiens avec des parlementaires fédéraux belges, nous montrons que les représentants nationaux ne partagent pas tous la nécessité d’une participation citoyenne. Ils soulignent que la politique demande une compétence technique ainsi qu’une forme de professionnalisation afin de comprendre les enjeux et les contraintes liées à la gouvernance moderne. Les discours des parlementaires diffèrent néanmoins sur la question de la place à accorder aux citoyens, ce qui invite à distinguer trois profils idéal-typiques : élitiste, corporatiste et hybride.
The Expanding Spectrum of Ligands for Leukocyte Ig-like Receptors
Authors: Burshtyn Deborah N. , Morcos Chris 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The human leukocyte Ig-like receptor family is part of the paired receptor system. The receptors are widely expressed by various immune cells, and new functions continue to emerge. Understanding the range of functions of the receptors is of general interest because several types of pathogens exploit the receptors and genetic diversity of the receptors has been linked to various autoimmune diseases. Class I major histocompatibility molecules were the first ligands appreciated for these receptors, but the types of ligands identified over the last several years are quite diverse, including intact pathogens, immune-modulatory proteins, and molecules normally found within the CNS. This review focuses on the types of ligands described to date, how the individual receptors bind to several distinct types of ligands, and the known functional consequences of those interactions.
The MHC Class I Cancer-Associated Neoepitope Trh4 Linked with Impaired Peptide Processing Induces a Unique Noncanonical TCR Conformer
Authors: Hafstrand Ida , Doorduijn Elien M. , Duru Adil Doganay , Buratto Jeremie , Oliveira Claudia Cunha , Sandalova Tatyana , van Hall Thorbald , Achour Adnane 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
MHC class I downregulation represents a significant challenge for successful T cell–based immunotherapy. T cell epitopes associated with impaired peptide processing (TEIPP) constitute a novel category of immunogenic Ags that are selectively presented on transporter associated with Ag processing–deficient cells. The TEIPP neoepitopes are CD8 T cell targets, derived from nonmutated self-proteins that might be exploited to prevent immune escape. In this study, the crystal structure of H-2Db in complex with the first identified TEIPP Ag (MCLRMTAVM) derived from the Trh4 protein has been determined to 2.25 Å resolution. In contrast to prototypic H-2Db peptides, Trh4 takes a noncanonical peptide-binding pattern with extensive sulfur–π interactions that contribute to the overall complex stability. Importantly, the noncanonical methionine at peptide position 5 acts as a main anchor, altering only the conformation of the H-2Db residues Y156 and H155 and thereby forming a unique MHC/peptide conformer that is essential for recognition by TEIPP-specific T cells. Substitution of peptide residues p2C and p5M to the conservative α-aminobutyric acid and norleucine, respectively, significantly reduced complex stability, without altering peptide conformation or T cell recognition. In contrast, substitution of p5M to a conventional asparagine abolished recognition by the H-2Db/Trh4-specific T cell clone LnB5. We anticipate that the H-2Db/Trh4 complex represents the first example, to our knowledge, of a broader repertoire of alternative MHC class I binders.
Risk of internet addiction among undergraduate medical, nursing, and lab technology students of a health institution from Delhi, India
Authors: Sulania Anika , Sachdeva Sandeep , Dwivedi Nidhi 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To assess prevalence, usage pattern, and risk of internet addiction (IA) among undergraduate students of a health institution from Delhi.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out during March-April 2015 using 20-item Young's IA test, a Likert scale-based interview schedule with scores ranging from 0 to 100 points with a higher score indicating greater internet dependency. Background variables included sociodemographic details, general health practices, self-assessment of mental health status, inter-personal relation (family/friends), personality type, and global satisfaction in life. The scoring pattern was analyzed in the form of low risk (score ≤49 points) and high risk (score ≥50 points) for IA. The proportion, Chi-square test, adjusted, and un-adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) were computed using regression analysis.

Results:
Out of 202, 40.6% were MBBS students, followed by 35.6% from nursing, and 23.8% from medical lab technology stream; 68.3% were females; the mean age was 20.3 ± 1.4 years; and 61.9% were residing in hostels. It was observed that 44 (21.8%) and 22 (10.9%) students had ever consumed alcohol and smoked, respectively, while only 42 (20.8%) were engaged in physical activity (≥30 min) during most (≥5) of the days of the week. Based on self-assessment, 33 (16.3%) were globally dissatisfied and 88 (43.6%) reported themselves to be introverts. The majority of students were using internet for educational purpose (98%), entertainment (95.0%), accessing social sites (92.5%), checking E-mails (76.2%), and pornographic websites (45%). With regard to IA, 171 (84.7%) were at low risk (score ≤49) and 31 (15.4%) were at high risk (score ≥50). Male students (P = 0.001), ever consumed alcohol (P = 0.003), ever smoker (P = 0.02), and regular physical activity (P = 0.04) were found to be significantly associated with a high risk of IA based on Chi-square test, but none were found significant at higher levels of analyses (adjusted OR). No significant association of IA was found with mental status, global satisfaction, inter-personal relationship, or personality type.

Conclusion:
A large majority (84.7%) of students in our study are found to be at low risk of internet addiction.
Metodologia de aprendizagem por riscos: uma simulação para projetos de inovação
Authors: Pech Gerson , Santo Lorena Costa do Espírito 
Published: January 2016

Neste trabalho analisamos a necessidade de gerenciar riscos em projetos de inovação utilizando os dados da Pesquisa Industrial de Inovação Tecnológica – PINTEC. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma metodologia de gestão de riscos adequada a projetos de inovação cujo pilar é o estudo dos riscos a partir das suas causas relevantes. Nossa proposição tem a finalidade de gerar uma ferramenta de análise e controle dos riscos para ser utilizada ao longo das diversas fases da inovação. Realizamos uma simulação da aplicação dessa metodologia no projeto NUGI (Núcleo de Gestão da Inovação) do Instituto Euvaldo Lodi de Pernambuco (IEL PE) – instituição voltada para o apoio de projetos de inovação, entre outras atividades. Dessa forma, foi possível comprovar que o método desenvolvido é capaz de instrumentalizar o processo de aprendizagem dos riscos e aumentar as chances de concretização das oportunidades.
Dés, Mihály. 2013. Pesti barokk ['Budapest-Style Baroque']. Budapest: Magvető. 552 pp.
Authors: Fenyő Mario 
Published: January 2016

Dés, Mihály. 2013. Pesti barokk ['Budapest-Style Baroque']. Budapest: Magvető. 552 pp. Reviewed by Mario D. Fenyo, Bowie State University