bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon stock in forest aboveground biomass – comparison based on Landsat data
Authors: Pechanec Vilém , Stržínek Filip , Purkyt Jan , Štěrbová Lenka , Cudlín Pavel 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The objective of this study was to verify a possibility of the assessment of carbon stock above all in forest aboveground biomass in the area of Czech Republic based on Landsat data and terrestrial mapping of land cover. Landsat 7 ETM+ data and method based on vegetation index ND45 were used. Simultaneously the aboveground carbon stock was assessed by expert based estimations of carbon in aboveground biomass in the various classes of landscape cover, derived from Corine Land Cover 2012 data. By comparison of results obtaining by both methods for the whole investigated area in the Czech Republic the differences reached only 4.68% and for forest stands 7.19%. The results of aboveground carbon stock based on the Landsat 7 ETM+ data did not differ distinctly from the assessment of carbon stock for individual classes of land cover for both vegetation cover of the Czech Republic and forest stands.
Interaction of Brilliant Blue dye solution with soil and its effect on mobility of compounds around the zones of preferenial flows at spruce stand
Authors: Bebej Juraj , Homolák Marián , Orfánus Tomáš 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
We performed field experiment with 10 g l−1 concentration of Brilliant Blue solutes in 100 l of water sprinkling on 1 × 1 m surface of the Dystric Cambisol. Consequently, four vertical profiles were exposed at experimental plot after 2 hours (CUT 2), 24 hours (CUT 24), 27 hours (CUT 27) and after 504 hours (CUT 504) in order to analyse spatiotemporal interactions among the BB solution (Na-salts), soil exchangeable complex and fine earth soil (%) samples extracted from both the high and low coloured zones located around the optically visualised macropore preferred flow (PF) zones. The concentration changes were quantifying via soil profiles not affected by BB (termed as REF) located in the close vicinity of experimental plot. Observed changes in pH (H2O), chemical composition of fineearth soil, as well as in concentration of Na+ in soil exchangeable complex to suggest, the BB dye solution didn’t represent an inert tracer, but compounds strongly involved in reaction with surrounding soils. Recorded chemical trends seems to be the result both the competitive processes between the Na+ of BB dye solution and composition of surrounding soil exchangeable complex, as well and the spatial-temporal controlled mechanism of dye solution transfer in soil.
Effect of surface humus on water infiltration and redistribution in beech forest stands with different density
Authors: Homolák Marián , Pichler Viliam , Gömöryová Erika , Bebej Juraj 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to demonstrate how the beech surface humus form and forest density affect the infiltration and redistribution of rainwater into the soil matrix. Beech as the most-abundant tree species in Slovakia has a tendency to form a compact humus layer with specific structure, leading to a reduction in the soil surface infiltration area and a significant influence on the preferential flow generation. The research was carried out in beech forests with different forest stand density in the Vtáčnik Mountain (Central Slovakia). The maximal infiltration surface area 35.11 ± 6.58% of sand surface infiltration area was reached at the plot A (0.8). The minimal infiltration surface area was reached at the plot B (0.8) and was 19.45 ± 2.52%. Statistical tests confirmed a significant effect of the forest stand density on the surface infiltration area (p = 0.05) and number of infiltration inputs (p = 0.05). The results show a statistically significant influence of surface humus form and stand density on infiltration and redistribution of rainwater into the soil matrix. The influence results in water flow changes from matrix flow to preferential flow and fingering. As a consequence deeper infiltration of water and solutions, e. g. dissolved organic carbon, to deeper soil layers is observed.
Golodness and polyhedral products for two-dimensional simplicial complexes
Authors: Iriye Kouyemon , Kishimoto Daisuke 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Golodness of two-dimensional simplicial complexes is studied through polyhedral products, and combinatorial and topological characterizations of Golodness of surface triangulations are given. An answer to the question of Berglund is also given so that there is a two-dimensional simplicial complex which is rationally Golod but not Golod over

ℤ
/
p

{\mathbb{Z}/p}

.
Mexican Scientists in the Making of Nutritional and Nuclear Diplomacy in the First Half of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Minor Adriana , Vargas-Domínguez Joel 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This article focuses on scientist-diplomats that are the scientists who serve as national representatives and consultants for discussions on scientific and technical issues in international organizations. We examine two exemplary cases of Mexican scientist-diplomats: Francisco de Paula Miranda and Manuel Sandoval Vallarta, experts in nutrition and atomic energy, respectively. We discuss especially how they became involved as experts in the international arena, and we analyse the feedback process of construction of their scientific and diplomatic authority. Furthermore, we consider the interaction of interests (disciplinary, professional, local, and global) that they represented and negotiated.
Poisons, trials and experts:
Authors: Cuenca-Lorente Mar 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Pere Mata i Fontanet (1811–1877) was the most important Spanish toxicologist in the nineteenth-century. However, he remained an invisible character outside Spanish borders. He was the author of the most influential Spanish treatise on legal medicine and toxicology, which had six editions but was never translated. His treatises did not include experimental results but rather a rhetorical discussion and a place where he discussed and claimed for changes to be made in those new sciences. His participation in famous trials such as poisoning cases contributed to increase his claimed authority as an expert. This paper will show that it was precisely during those trials, when experts had to face the puzzling questions of lawyers and jurors, that toxicology was built.
Physical activity of female students in secondary schools in the context of physical activity recommendations fulfilment
Authors: Junger Ján , Kačúr Peter , Tlučáková Lenka , Čech Pavol , Bebčáková Viera 
Published: September 2017

PurposeIncreasing energy intake and decreasing movement performance are among the greatest population issues of mankind. Risk elimination consists in returning to physically active way of life. The aim of the paper was to analyse the physical activity of female in selected secondary schools in the Presov district region, Slovakia, from the point of view of physical activity recommendations fulfilment.MethodsThe research group consisted of 353 female students from 14 selected secondary schools in the Presov district region. The students were distributed in four groups according to age (15–18 years).ResultsMore than half of the studied females did not perform movement activity of medium or high intensity. The highest percentage of success rate in the criteria fulfilment was achieved by females of all age categories in walking 5 times per week for the minimum of 30 minutes (W 5 × 30). Only 44.3% of the students aged 15 years and up to 70.8% of those at the age of 18 met at least one criterion of the physical activity recommendations.ConclusionsAs for physical activity recommendations fulfilment, the most successful criterion was performing physical activity regardless of its intensity. Physical activity recommendations seem to be very hard to implement in this age category, especially those concerning intense physical activity.
Influence of neural mobilization of lower limbs on the functional performance and dynamic balance in asymptomatic individuals: a cross-over randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nunes Guilherme S. , Uhlig Shelley , Ribas Luciane Mari Do Amaral , Gonçalves Fernanda Bottin , Wageck Bruna , Noronha Marcos De 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo verify the influence of neural mobilization (NM) applied to the lower limbs on functional performance and dynamic balance in asymptomatic individuals.MethodsThe total of 30 asymptomatic participants (15 women and 15 men; age, 30.1 ± 6.7 years; height, 1.70 ± 0.1 m; body mass, 73.1 ± 13.4 kg) were enrolled in this cross-over randomized controlled trial. The participants received NM of the femoral, sciatic, and tibial nerves, as well as static stretching (SS) of the following muscles: hamstring, lumbar, piriformis, hip adductors, hip flexors, quadriceps, and triceps surae. The order of applying NM and SS was randomly decided and the interventions were performed at least 48 hours apart. Functional performance was measured by performance in vertical jump (VJ) and dynamic balance was measured with the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT).ResultsThere were no differences between NM and SS for height (cm) in VJ (<i>p</i> = 0.16) or in the distance reached (%) in the SEBT, normalized by lower limb length (dominant limb: anterior, <i>p</i> = 0.35; posterolateral, <i>p</i> = 0.69; posteromedial, <i>p</i> = 0.50 / non-dominant limb: anterior, <i>p</i> = 0.68; posterolateral, <i>p</i> = 1.00; posteromedial, <i>p</i> = 0.77).ConclusionsNM did not exert any influence on functional performance or dynamic balance. Thereby, having no positive or negative impact on performance, NM can be used at any time of treatment.
Comparison of tactical principles efficiency among soccer players from different game positions
Authors: Rechenchosky Leandro , Borges Paulo Henrique , Menegassi Vanessa Menezes , Jaime Matheus De Oliveira , Guilherme José , Teoldo Israel , Rinaldi Wilson 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurpose. The aim of the study was to analyse the execution efficiency of core tactical principles in young soccer players and compare them among different game positions. Methods. The sample included 54 Brazilian young soccer players. Tactical performance was measured by the System of Tactical Assessment in Soccer with the GR3-3GR test in 3770 tactical actions. Friedman followed by Wilcoxon tests were used to analyse differences between tactical principles. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to compare tactical efficiency between defenders, midfielders, and forwards (p < 0.05). Results. Offensively, the results indicated that young players demonstrated less efficiency in executing the principle ‘depth mobility’ compared with ‘penetration,’ ‘offensive coverage,’ ‘width and length,’ and ‘offensive unity.’ Regarding the defensive aspects, ‘concentration’ was performed more efficiently than other principles. Comparisons between positions proved that midfielders and forwards executed ‘offensive unity’ more efficiently than defenders. Defenders tended to present high ‘defensive coverage’ efficiency when compared with ‘midfielders.’ Conclusions. High efficiency in the execution of ‘concentration’ represents an obstacle to make deep passes and hinders offensive movements between the last defender line and goal, given low efficiency of ‘depth mobility.’ Midfielders and forwards performed ‘offensive unity’ more efficiently than defenders. As for defensive principles, defenders presented better performance in ‘defensive coverage,’ giving support to the first defender. In practical applications, it is suggested that coaches of young regional soccer players carry out activities which allow depth passes to teammates as well as games to promote ‘offensive unity’ for defenders and ‘defensive coverage’ for midfielders.
On the Understanding of the Adsorption of 2-Phenylethanol on Polyurethane-Keratin based Membranes
Authors: Cordero-Soto Itza , Rutiaga-Quiñones Olga , Huerta-Ochoa Sergio , Saucedo-Rivalcoba Veronica , Gallegos-Infante Alberto 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Polymers and specifically hybrid polymeric membranes have been identified as effective formulations in adsorption processes. Nevertheless, the adsorption mechanisms associated with their thermodynamics and kinetics are not fully understood, particularly when these polymeric membranes are used to adsorb 2-Phenylethanol (2-PE) to intensify its production in a specific bioconversion process. This work was aimed at giving phenomenological insights on the adsorption of 2-PE on a set of novel porous hybrid membranes based on polyurethane and keratin biofiber obtained from chicken feathers. Feathers, considered as a waste by-product of the poultry industry, represent an alternative source of keratin, a biopolymer that can be used to design low-cost materials from natural resources. Two types of hybrid membranes were prepared. i. e. composite and copolymer. Firstly, these materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) (before and after the adsorption process) and X-Ray (WAXD) analysis. Secondly, these materials, including the reference ones (keratin biofiber and polyurethane), were evaluated during the removal of 2-PE, relating their adsorption capabilities to physiochemical properties elucidated during the characterization. Particularly a composite with 0.1 g of chicken-feather-keratin (C1) presented the highest removal percentage (60.68%), a significant initial adsorption rate (0.2340 mgPE.h−1.gA
−1), the maximum adsorption capacity (12.13 mgPE.gA
−1) and the best stability and mechanical properties at studied operating conditions. In comparison with results reported in literature, in this composite carbonyl functional groups from polyurethane showed rather major affinity to 2-PE than amino groups from the keratin biofiber. To this end, parameters associated with its industrial application were obtained, namely thermodynamic and kinetic information was obtained from a proper design of experiments and phenomenological models based on adsorption macroscopic fundamentals.
Improvement of Air Homogeneity in Paddy Dryer With Central Air Flow Channel
Authors: Ashfaq Sidrah , Ahmad Manzoor , Munir Anjum , Ghafoor Abdul 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Air heterogeneity in the drying chamber of the batch-type dryer is a major problem because uneven air distribution within the drying chamber reduces the product quality and dryer efficiency. To surmount this problem, a new dryer with central air distribution model has been designed and developed. This is the distinct design feature of the dryer, which ensure the uniformity in the moisture content of the final dried paddy grains. ANSYS-Fluent (Computational Fluid Dynamics [CFD]) was used to predict the flow behavior of the air with respect to pressure and velocity within the drying chamber by applying actual boundary conditions and standard k−ε turbulence model. Pressure and velocity profiles in the drying chamber were determined using CFD to optimize the drying uniformity. An estimated value for velocity input was used and air distribution was found good. For the validation of simulation results several drying tests were performed at different dryer depths of 18, 36, 54 and 72 cm in the drying chamber. The drying results expressed as percentage moisture content reduction, along the length of the dryer and measured the uniformity in the drying rate. The drying curves for each depth showed high R
2 value. Numerical simulation and experimental results showed that the newly developed solar-assisted paddy dryer is capable to produce uniform air distribution throughout the length of the drying chamber in the dryer for uniform and quality drying. This approach improved the overall performance of the solar-assisted paddy dryer.
Farm Gate Prices for Non-Varietal Wine in Argentina: A Multilevel Comparison of the Prices Paid by Cooperatives and Investor-Oriented Firms
Authors: Malvido Perez Carletti Agustina , Hanisch Markus , Rommel Jens , Fulton Murray 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we use a unique data set of the prices paid to farmers in Argentina for grapes to examine the prices paid by non-varietal wine processing cooperatives and investor-oriented firms (IOFs). Motivated by contrasting theoretical predictions of cooperative price effects generated by the yardstick of competition and property rights theories, we apply a multilevel regression model to identify price differences at the transaction level and the departmental level. On average, farmers selling to cooperatives receive a 3.4 % lower price than farmers selling to IOFs. However, we find cooperatives pay approximately 2.4 % more in departments where cooperatives have larger market shares. We suggest that the inability of cooperatives to pay a price equal to or greater than the one paid by IOFs can be explained by the market structure for non-varietal wine in Argentina. Specifically, there is evidence that cooperative members differ from other farmers in terms of size, assets and the cost of accessing the market. We conclude that the analysis of cooperative pricing cannot solely focus on the price differential between cooperatives and IOFs, but instead must consider other factors that are important to the members.
Indoor positioning using differential Wi-Fi lateration
Authors: Retscher Guenther , Tatschl Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
For Wi-Fi positioning usually location fingerprinting or (tri)lateration are employed whereby the received signal strengths (RSSs) of the surrounding Wi-Fi Access Points (APs) are scanned on the mobile devices and used to perform localization. Within the scope of this study, the position of a mobile user is determined on the basis of lateration. Two new differential approaches are developed and compared to two common models, i.e., the one-slope and multi-wall model, for the conversion of the measured RSS of the Wi-Fi signals into ranges. The two novel methods are termed DWi-Fi as they are derived either from the well-known DGPS or VLBI positioning principles. They make use of a network of reference stations deployed in the area of interest. From continuous RSS observations on these reference stations correction parameters are derived and applied by the user in real-time. This approach leads to a reduced influence of temporal and spatial variations and various propagation effects on the positioning result. In practical use cases conducted in a multi-storey office building with three different smartphones, it is proven that the two DWi-Fi approaches outperform the common models as static positioning yielded to position errors of about 5 m in average under good spatial conditions.
Sandwich classification for GL
n
(R), O2n
(R) and U2n
(R,Λ) revisited
Authors: Preusser Raimund 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Let n be a natural number greater than or equal to 3, R a commutative ring and

σ
∈

GL
n

⁢

(
R
)

{\sigma\in\mathrm{GL}_{n}(R)}

. We show that

t

k
⁢
l

⁢

(

σ

i
⁢
j

)

{t_{kl}(\sigma_{ij})}

(resp.

t

k
⁢
l

⁢

(

σ

i
⁢
i

-

σ

j
⁢
j

)

{t_{kl}(\sigma_{ii}-\sigma_{jj})}

), where

i
≠
j

{i\neq j}

and

k
≠
l

{k\neq l}

can be expressed as a product of eight (resp. 24) matrices of the form

σ

±
1

ϵ

{{}^{\epsilon}\sigma^{\pm 1}}

, where

ϵ
∈

E
n

⁢

(
R
)

{\epsilon\in E_{n}(R)}

. We prove similar results for the orthogonal groups

O

2
⁢
n

⁢

(
R
)

{\mathrm{O}_{2n}(R)}

and the hyperbolic unitary groups

U

2
⁢
n

⁢

(
R
,
Λ
)

{\mathrm{U}_{2n}(R,\Lambda)}

under the assumption that R is commutative and

n
≥
3

{n\geq 3}

. This yields new, very short proofs of the Sandwich Classification Theorems for the groups

GL
n

⁢

(
R
)

{\mathrm{GL}_{n}(R)}

,

O

2
⁢
n

⁢

(
R
)

{\mathrm{O}_{2n}(R)}

and

U

2
⁢
n

⁢

(
R
,
Λ
)

{\mathrm{U}_{2n}(R,\Lambda)}

.
Effect of Pointing Error on BER Performance of a Multi-wavelength OCDMA FSO System with SIK Dual Detector Receiver
Authors: Nazrul Islam A. K. M. , Majumder S. P. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A novel analytical approach is presented to evaluate the bit error rate (BER) performance of a multi-wavelength optical code division multiple access (MW-OCDMA) free space optical (FSO) system using optical domain encoder and sequence inverse keying (SIK) balanced photodetector direct detection receiver taking the effect of pointing errors into considerations. The analysis is carried out to find the expression for the signal, multi-access interference (MAI) and crosstalk at the output of the SIK receiver in presence of pointing error. The BER performance results are evaluated for different values of standard deviation of pointing error, code length, number of simultaneous user and other system parameters. It is found that, MW-OCDMA system offers improved BER performance over single wavelength OCDMA FSO system. However, the performance of an MW-OCDMA system is degraded due to the effect of pointing error between the laser transmitter and optical receiver and the system suffers significant power penalty at a given BER of 10−9. The penalty is found to be 11.0 dB, 24.0 dB and 30 dB for jitter standard deviation of 1.3, 1.8 and 2.5 respectively when code length is 512 and number of user is 8 for number of wavelength 8. Further, the penalty can be greatly reduced by increasing the code length for a given number of user and number of wavelength.
Ultra-low Loss with Single Mode Polymer-Based Photonic Crystal Fiber for THz Waveguide
Authors: Sen Shuvo , Islam Md. Shadidul , Paul Bikash Kumar , Islam Md. Ibadul , Chowdhury Sawrab , Ahmed Kawsar , Hasan Md. Rabiul , Uddin Muhammad Shahin , Asaduzzaman Sayed 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this article, a low loss circular photonic crystal fiber (C-PCF) has been suggested as Terahertz (THz) waveguide. Both the core and cladding vicinity of the suggested PCF are constituted by circular-shaped air holes. The optical properties such as effective material loss, effective area, core power fraction and V-parameter have numerically been probed by utilizing full vectorial finite element method (FEM) with perfectly matched layers (FMLs) boundary condition. The reported PCF reveals low absorption loss and large effective area of 0.04 cm−1 and 2.80×10−07 m2 respectively at 1 THz operating frequency. In addition, the core power fraction of the fiber is about 50.83 % at the same activation frequency. The V-parameter shows that the proposed PCF acts as a single mode over 0.70 to 1.15 THz frequency. So, the reported PCF offers the best performance in long distance communication applications.
Post-flight trajectory reconstruction of suborbital free-flyers using GPS raw data
Authors: Ivchenko N. , Yuan Y. , Linden E. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This paper describes the reconstruction of postflight trajectories of suborbital free flying units by using logged GPS raw data. We took the reconstruction as a global least squares optimization problem, using both the pseudo-range and Doppler observables, and solved it by using the trust-region-reflective algorithm, which enabled navigational solutions of high accuracy. The code tracking was implemented with a large number of correlators and least squares curve fitting, in order to improve the precision of the code start times, while a more conventional phased lock loop was used for Doppler tracking. We proposed a weighting scheme to account for fast signal strength variation due to free-flier fast rotation, and a penalty for jerk to achieve a smooth solution. We applied these methods to flight data of two suborbital free flying units launched on REXUS 12 sounding rocket, reconstructing the trajectory, receiver clock error and wind up rates. The trajectory exhibits a parabola with the apogee around 80 km, and the velocity profile shows the details of payloadwobbling. The wind up rates obtained match the measurements from onboard angular rate sensors.