bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new inverted Pham distribution for data modeling of mechanical components and diamond in South-West Africa
Authors: Alqasem Ohud A , Nassar Mazen , Elmahi Abd Elwahab Maysaa , Elshahhat Ahmed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This work proposes a new statistical distribution that can fit real-world data more accurately than many other existing models. The new distribution, which has one scale and one shape parameter, is called an inverted Pham distribution. It can model data with upside-down bathtub or decreasing hazard rate shapes. Order statistics and moments are two of the primary characteristics of the inverted Pham distributions that are examined. Eight classical estimation methods are considered to estimate the model parameters. To investigate the accuracy of the various estimation methodologies, a simulation study is conducted. Based on the criteria of mean square error, mean absolute bias, and mean relative error, the numerical results demonstrated that the maximum likelihood estimates, followed by the maximum product of spacing estimates, outperformed other classical estimation methods. By looking at two actual data sets, one based on failure times of mechanical components and the other consisting of diamond size distribution in South-West Africa, the appropriateness of the inverted Pham model and how it compares with some competitive models are demonstrated. The results of two applications based on some goodness of fit criteria, including Akaike information, Anderson-Darling, Cramér-von Mises, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistics, showed that the inverted Pham distribution outperformed commonly used distributions like inverted Lomax, inverted Chen, inverted Weibull, inverted gamma, inverted Nadarajah-Haghighi, inverted exponentiated Pareto, generalized inverted exponential, exponentiated inverted exponential, and generalized inverted half-logistic when analyzing real data sets.
Interstitial incorporation of Fe3+ and Fe2+ into ZnO crystal lattice: tailoring their physical properties for spintronics and photocatalytic applications
Authors: Fatima Ghania , Ishaque Muhammad Zahid , Zaman Yasir , Siddique Abu Bakar , Shahzad Muhammad , Zaman Hira , Nawaz Saqib , Ali Daoud 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Mixing of industrial waste water effluents with fresh water reservoirs without prior removal of pollutants is major cause of concern for healthy aquatic life. Therefore, remediation of pollutants in waste water by suitable photocatalyst is an interesting area to alleviate water pollution. Many photocatalyst have been designed recently but there is still gap to synthesize the optimized energy bandgap material with high efficiency to degrade organic dyes in shortest time. Hence, sunlight driven doped ZnO materials, i.e., Zn1−xFexO (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06) photocatalysts were designed. The effect of Fe concentration on the structural, morphological, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties was studied. The hexagon-shaped wurtzite structure of ZnO NPs was verified by the x-ray Diffraction and calculated average crystallite size was ∼25 nm which vary with dopant concentration. The EDX results of Zn1−xFexO showed the 100% purity of Zn1−xFexO samples. With the increase of Fe concentration, a slight decrease of energy bandgap (3.10 to 3.02 eV) was observed. FTIR spectra showed the presence of Zn-O and Fe-O bonds in the samples. The effect of Fe doping in ZnO also showed the variation in dielectric properties and ac conductivity of samples. Hysteresis curves were plotted which exhibit room temperature ferromagnetic (RTFM) behavior. 2 mol% Fe doped ZnO sample retained highest saturation magnetization of 11.2 emu g−1. All samples exhibit above 90% degradation of methylene blue in just 90 min exposure to sunlight.
Design of 2.45 GHz rectenna based on high-gain 2-element array antenna and 7-stage voltage-doubler rectifier for energy harvesting applications
Authors: Omara Fayrouz A , Ali Wael A E , Eltrass Ahmed S , Abbasy Nabil H 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a new design of a 2.45 GHz compact rectenna for ambient RF energy harvesting, presenting a complete energy harvesting system. The proposed rectenna design features a two-element antenna array with high gain and a novel voltage-doubler configuration. The two-element antenna array is fabricated on Rogers RT/Duroid-5880 substrate, utilizing a rectangular microstrip patch antenna fed by a symmetric 50 Ω coplanar line. The antenna’s performance is tested numerically and experimentally in terms of return loss (S11) and radiation patterns. The results show excellent matching bandwidth at 2.45 GHz with a high gain of 7.03 dBi, providing a reasonable agreement between measurement and simulation results. The rectenna design employs a 7-stage voltage doubler rectifier that generates a dynamic DC voltage and improves the circuit’s reliability and performance. The receiving antenna and the rectifier are connected via a single L-section, comprising a shunt capacitor and a series inductor, for impedance matching, resulting in size reduction. The rectifier exhibits a peak simulated power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 75% and a measured efficiency of 60% at an input power of 20 dBm. The rectenna yields a high output DC voltage of 4.9 V at an input power of 13 dBm with a resistive load of 1 kΩ. These results reveal that the proposed 2.45 GHz rectenna is a suitable candidate for RF energy harvesting applications in low-power sensors and electronic devices.
Design and performance investigation of tunnel-FET based energy efficient approximate and accurate adders targeted towards low power IoT nodes
Authors: Chowdhury Joy , Mahapatra Kamalakanta , Sarkar Angsuman , Das J K , Kloes Alexander 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The proliferation of IoT enabled SoCs in state-of-the-art consumer electronics has necessitated the use of beyond CMOS devices for the energy efficient computations and sensing design space. In the low supply voltage (VDD) regime, Tunnel FETs (TFETs) have shown serious potential at VDD less than 0.5 V. However, the inherent structure, characteristic interband tunneling and enhance Miller capacitance in TFETs do not allow the conventional CMOS logic design styles to be universally used for TFET based logic circuits. In this paper, we propose three energy efficient and novel TFET based accurate adder circuits namely, Static Energy Recovery Full adder (SERF), Complementary and Level Restoring Carry Logic Full adder (CLRCL) and Balanced Restoring Carry Logic full adder (BRCL) based on constituent TFET based functional units which do not use the CMOS design style. Further, novel approximate adders have been developed for energy efficient implementation in IoT nodes. The BRCL adder consumes approximately 60% less area and 85.36% and 89.6% less energy in comparison to SERF and CLRCL respectively. The approximate adders in the best and worst case facilitate approximately 92% and 75% savings in area and consumes 71% less power than the BRCL adder. When compared to the standard UMC 45 nm bulk MOSFET based designs, the TFET based accurate adders operate at 25% less energy while the approximate adders consume 40% less. All the circuit simulations have been performed using Spectre Simulator of Cadence and device characterization using 2D-TCAD tool.
The synergistic effects on the magnetic CoNi and Fe3O4 nanoparticles co-embedded porous carbon toward enhanced microwave absorbing performance
Authors: Fu Guangming , He Jun , Yan Shuoqing , He Longhui , Shan Dongyong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Lightweight and environmentally friendly three-dimensional biomass-derived porous carbon (3D BPC) holds great potential as a highly effective material for microwave absorption (MA) applications. However, the high complex permittivity and lack of magnetic loss in a single 3D BPC lead to impedance mismatching and a limited absorption bandwidth. Developing 3D BPC–based absorbers with multiple loss mechanisms and excellent impedance matching remains a notable yet challenging task. In this study, inspired by a synergistic composition and microstructure design, 3D BPC co-embedded with magnetic cobalt–nickel (CoNi) and iron(III) oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (3D BPC@CoNi@Fe3O4) was developed. 3D BPC@CoNi@Fe3O4 exhibited consistently low complex permittivity, primarily due to the suppression of conductive loss, whereas the introduction of magnetic phases (CoNi and Fe3O4) enhanced the magnetic loss. Optimised impedance matching, achieved through the synergistic regulation of the electromagnetic parameters, emerged as the key mechanism for improving the MA properties. The as-synthesised 3D BPC@CoNi@Fe3O4 composite, with only 20 wt.% loading demonstrated a wide effective absorption bandwidth (reflection loss [RL] < −10 dB) of 6.08 GHz and an impressive minimum RL value of −40.08 dB. These findings offer valuable insights into the development of high-performance 3D BPC–based microwave absorbers through composition and microstructure optimisation.
Solving superconducting quantum circuits in Dirac's constraint analysis framework*
Authors: Pandey Akshat , Ghosh Subir 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this work we exploit Dirac's Constraint Analysis (DCA) in Hamiltonian formalism to study different types of Superconducting Quantum Circuits (SQC) in a unified way. The Lagrangian of a SQC reveals the constraints, that are classified in a Hamiltonian framework, such that redundant variables can be removed to isolate the canonical degrees of freedom for subsequent quantization of the Dirac Brackets via a generalized Correspondence Principle. This purely algebraic approach makes the application of concepts such as graph theory, null vector, loop charge, etc that are in vogue, (each for a specific type of circuit), completely redundant. The universal validity of DCA scheme in SQC, proposed by us, is demonstrated by correctly re-deriving existing results for different SQCs, obtained previously exploiting different formalisms each applicable for a specific SQC. Furthermore, we have also analysed and predicted new results for a generic form of SQC - it will be interesting to see its validation in an explicit circuit implementation.
Research on the prediction of material removal and over-grinding optimization for abrasive flow machining of 3D printed right-angle bends
Authors: Lv Yifan , Wang Kun , Li Fangqi , Wang Weicheng , Zhang Jifeng , Zhu Weiguang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Addressing the issue of over-grinding on the outer side of right-angle bends in abrasive flow machining due to the gradient change of abrasive inertia force, a model for predicting material removal and an optimized structure for right-angle bends, both based on abrasive flow machining, are proposed. In this paper, the 3D-printed aluminium alloy right-angle bends are used as experimental objects, and the Carreau-Yasuda equations are fitted for simulation and analysis after rheological testing of the medium used in the test. A predictive model for material removal was developed by integrating simulated channel pressure with machining cycles, and its effectiveness was validated through experiments. Using this predictive model for structural optimization of bends, an unevenly thickened optimized right-angle bend was designed. The machining tests verified the accuracy of the simulation analysis, and the over-grinding region of the right-angle bend appeared at the maximum of the pressure region in the numerical simulation. At a processing pressure of 10 MPa and cycles of 20, 60, and 100, the prediction model resulted in material removal errors of 6.94%, 8.93%, and 13.31% respectively for the outer side of the bend, indicating a good fit of the prediction model. The optimized bend designed according to the predictive model exhibited an 80.37% reduction in overall deviation at the elbow compared to conventional right-angle bends, and a 67.31% reduction in contour deviation at the area most affected by inertia forces, effectively mitigating the issue of over-grinding at the elbow. This research facilitates quantitative control of material removal in abrasive flow machining of right-angle bends and provides theoretical support for non-uniform thickness design in bends.
Research on high-quality factor sensing characteristics of all-dielectric nanopore array metasurface based on POA-DELM
Authors: Chen Ying , Li Weiqiang , Zhao Guoting , Wang Qinghui , Shi Moqing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Based on the optical properties of symmetric structures independent of each other in the orthogonal direction, an all-dielectric nano-square hole array metasurface which is symmetric along the diagonal is proposed. By changing the size of square nanopores, the symmetry of the periodic unit structure is broken and the double Fano resonance can be excited. The influence of each structural parameter on the sensing performance of the metasurface is analyzed respectively. As the main structural parameters and performance index, the metasurface height and the lengths of the main and sub-diagonal square nanoholes are selected as the input parameters, and the figure of merit (FOM) value is used as the output value. Then the nonlinear mapping relationship between the input and the output is established through deep extreme learning machine (DELM). Different optimization algorithms are used to optimize the weighted FOM values globally. The four evaluation indicators including root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and model fit (R-squared, R2) are used to assess the training effectiveness of the model. It is shown that the indexes are 0.9986, 0.9725, 3.1612 and 0.9733 respectively, and the FOM values of the dual Fano resonance after pelican optimization algorithm ( POA ) optimization are as high as 9.88 × 103 and 1.28 × 105, which demonstrate the effectiveness of POA-DELM proposed in this paper.
Ringdown amplitudes of nonspinning eccentric binaries
Authors: Carullo Gregorio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractClosed-form expressions for the ringdown complex amplitudes of nonspinning unequal-mass binaries in arbitrarily eccentric orbits are presented. They are built upon 237 numerical simulations contained within the RIT catalog, through the parameterisation introduced in [Phys. Rev. Lett.132(2024) 101401]. Global fits for the complex amplitudes, associated to linear quasinormal mode frequencies of the dominant ringdown modes, are obtained in a factorised form immediately applicable to any existing quasi-circular model. Similarly to merger amplitudes, ringdown ones increase by more than 50% compared to the circular case for high impact parameters (medium eccentricities), while strongly suppressed in the low impact parameter (highly eccentric) limit. Such reduction can be explained by a transition between an “orbital-type” and an “infall-type” dynamics. The amplitudes (phases) fits accuracy lies around a few percent (deciradians) for the majority of the dataset, comparable to the accuracy of current state-of-the-art quasi-circular ringdown models, and well within current statistical errors of current LIGO-Virgo-Kagra ringdown observations. These expressions constitute another building block towards the construction of complete general relativistic inspiral-merger-ringdown semi-analytical templates, and allow to extend numerically-informed spectroscopic analyses beyond the circular limit. Such generalisations are key to achieve accurate inference of compact binaries astrophysical properties, and tame astrophysical systematics within observational investigations of strong-field general relativistic dynamics.
Repeatability of a primary thermometer and calibration of resistance thermometers between 5 K and 25 K
Authors: Zhang Haiyang , Song Yaonan , Kong Xiangjie , Gao Bo , Plimmer Mark , Pitre Laurent 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This work describes improvements to our Single Pressure Refractive-Index Gas Thermometry (SPRIGT) system (Gao et al 2020 Metrologia
57 065006), where a new experimental procedure for Constant Refractive-Index Gas Thermometry (CRIGT) was proposed and implemented, and after 2.5 years new values of T–T
90 obtained in the temperature range from 5 K to 25 K. Comparison results indicate that our SPRIGT system is robust with excellent repeatability, reliability, and stability. Not only is the uncertainty in thermodynamic temperature T still below 0.17 mK, but also good reproducibility of T
90 (temperature of the 1990 International Temperature Scale), T and T–T
90 is observed with values of 21 μK, 28 μK and 35 μK, respectively. Furthermore, we have implemented direct dissemination of thermodynamic temperature T by establishing our own thermodynamic temperature wire scale under the new International System of Units (SI) from 5 K to 25 K. The remarkable agreement further enhances our confidence on SPRIGT for implementing the redefined kelvin below 25 K, disseminating thermodynamic temperature T, and ultimately partaking in an international comparison of thermodynamic temperature via highly stable resistance thermometers.
Characteristic of temporal light modulation reference meter and standard light source for calibration and verification
Authors: Weiqiang Zhao , Jinyun Yan , Hui Liu , Ying Su 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The measurement of the temporal light modulation (TLM) of a light source is gaining increasing importance owing to its detrimental effects on human vision and health. To establish traceability in TLM measurements, the National Institute of Metrology, China (NIM), established a TLM reference meter (TLMM) and standard TLM light source (STLS) for calibration and verification services. The TLMM and STLS employ detector- and source-based approaches, respectively, to define the standards for TLM quantities. The TLMM rapidly acquires light waveform data from the TLM light sources and calculates corresponding TLM quantities. Frequency calibration result is with an expanded uncertainty of 1 × 10−5, frequency response function is almost flat in range of 1 kHz–25 kHz, and response time is less than 8 × 10−6 s. The electrical noise was evaluated at approximately 1000:1–5000:1. The STLS generates an arbitrary TLM waveform by converting the virtual waveform into an actual LED output light waveform. For the frequency response function, the relative amplitude decreased by 1% with a frequency of 15 kHz, and response time was less than 5 × 10−6 s. The linearity of the frequency dependency was studied with ratio varied by approximately 0.19% when the periodic triangle excitation in frequency band from 1 Hz to 1 kHz. Experimental comparisons demonstrated that TLM quantities (frequency, percentage flicker, flicker index, short-term flicker severity

P

st

LM

, and stroboscopic effect visibility measure (

SVM

)) are consistent between the TLMM and STLS devices on 14 typical TLM waveforms. For

P

st

LM

, most of the deviations were in the range of −0.019–0.079 (except for one with 0.182). For

SVM

, most of the deviations were in the range of −0.001–0.003 (except for one with 0.014).
An Experimental Study on E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy with Nano-Silica for an Aircraft Structural Applications
Authors: Nagaraj Goud B. , Vyshnavi Vangari , Nandhishwari A. , Govinda Rahul S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
E-Glass composites have been broadly beneficial in various aerospace structural applications including aircraft, space vehicles and other automobiles applications etc. The advantage of using polymer-based composites are significance in the aircraft structural components such as fuselages, wings and tail sections etc, due to high resistance to corrosion, high specific strength, lightweight in structure, better tensile strength, ability to withstand relatively high temperatures, stiffness, and relatively low cost. A technique has been developed to enhance the strength of the 2D plain woven E-Glass fabric laminated composite under compression molding techniques and material cutting process will be performed by using CNC Milling machine. It will improve the structural stability with an accurate shape and size of the composite during the fabrication and provides the better binding properties. An attempt is made in this project work to compare the testing of composite with and without the inclusion of silica nanoparticle of composite laminated and material characterization will be performed including the response of the tensile strength, flexural strength tests will be conducted. Furthermore, experimental study results will be compared with the computational studies.
Metamaterial Antenna for Wireless Systems
Authors: Vijetha T. , Karthik Reddy G. , Haribabu K. , Sridhar B. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Metamaterials (from the Greek meta, which means “beyond”) are synthetic materials that have electromagnetic properties that are not present in naturally occurring materials. Glass, diamond, and other “natural” materials have featured such as positive electrical permittivity, magnetic permeability, and an index of refraction. Metamaterials are typically made up of a number of identical elements made from common materials such as metal or non - conducting materials. Consider a Rubik’s cube made up of millions of components and is no thicker than a human hair. Internal micro-and nanostructures, rather than the chemical composition present in natural materials, give these purposefully manufactured composite materials their features. As a result, metamaterial structures enable traits and abilities that are difficult to achieve using traditional material discovery or chemical manufacturing techniques.
Particle disseverment study in square-cylinder vortex separator by Centrifugal action in CFD
Authors: Vivek R , Venkatesh S , Satyanarayana Gupta M , Kavin Kumaar S S , Sivashri J T , Aswin G , Jagadheep A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The particle collection performance of the square and cylindrical type of cyclone separator is reviewed for the study. The fabricated setup is designed and processed by Solid works and TIG welding respectively. The geometrical variations observed in the structure of setup sequentially arranged in parallel condition of Square-Cylinder- Square-Cylinder arrangement. The significant rise in pressure drop is observed with the study for collection efficiency. The performance carried out in larger scale for the conclusive segments with the aid of variable frequency diaphragm. The speed controlling device which optimize the speed condition for the setup through blower. The centrifugal action inside the separator will impinges the fine particles away from the surface and follows the vortex patter on the middle. The coarse particles will largely collected to the bottom of the vortex and collected on the bin. The variant’s mixed configuration has a higher pressure drop and better collecting effectiveness. Only for tiny particles does the level of short circuiting particles ascend with an expansion in admission speed. There are recognizable errors in the assortment proficiency bends because of the way that when molecule size builds, the small amount of short circuiting particles declines all the more rapidly at higher admission speeds. The findings from the review research will allows to recommend the suitable arrangement setup for better collection efficiency and also provides the convene model to study of particulates.
Comparison of mechanical properties of bagasse fiber reinforced styrenic polymer composites
Authors: Verma Harsha , Palsule Sanjay 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A comparison of styrenic based polymer composites with bagasse fibers (BGSAF) as reinforcement is evaluated. One method involves using the Palsule process with chemically treated polystyrene (CF-PS), while the other methods use alkali fiber treatment for High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) composites, and both alkali and bleach fiber treatment for HIPS composites. The comparison focuses on the mechanical properties and evaluating the efficiency of BGSAF reinforcement to make better styrenic polymer composites.