bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving Bragg grating solitons in a semilinear dual-core system with dispersive reflectivity
Authors: Chowdhury S. A. M. Saddam , Atai Javid 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe existence, stability and collision dynamics of moving Bragg grating solitons in a semilinear dual-core system where one core has the Kerr nonlinearity and is equipped with a Bragg grating with dispersive reflectivity, and the other core is linear are investigated. It is found that moving soliton solutions exist as a continuous family of solutions in the upper and lower gaps of the system’s linear spectrum. The stability of the moving solitons are investigated by means of systematic numerical stability analysis, and the effect and interplay of various parameters on soliton stability are analyzed. We have also systematically investigated the characteristics of collisions of counter-propagating solitons. In-phase collisions can lead to a variety of outcomes such as passage of solitons through each other with increased, reduced or unchanged velocities, asymmetric separation of solitons, merger of solitons into a quiescent one, formation of three solitons (one quiescent and two moving ones) and destruction of both solitons. The outcome regions of in-phase collisions are identified in the plane of dispersive reflectivity versus frequency. The effects of coupling coefficient, relative group velocity in the linear core, soliton velocity and dispersive reflectivity and the initial phase difference on the outcomes of collisions are studied.
Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus
Authors: Wakita Ryo , Tanabe Soshi , Tabei Kazunari , Funaki Asako , Inoshita Takuma , Hirano Tomoo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNorepinephrine modulates synaptic plasticity in various brain regions and is implicated in memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. The cerebellum is involved in motor learning, and adaptations of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) have been studied as models of cerebellum-dependent motor learning. Previous studies showed the involvement of adrenergic systems in the regulation of VOR, OKR and cerebellar synaptic functions. Here, we show differential contributions of β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the mouse cerebellar flocculus to VOR and OKR control. Effects of application of β- or α2-adrenergic agonist or antagonist into the flocculus suggest that the β-adrenergic receptor activity maintains the VOR gain at high levels and contributes to adaptation of OKR, and that α2-adrenergic receptor counteracts the β-receptor activity in VOR and OKR control. We also examined effects of norepinephrine application, and the results suggest that norepinephrine regulates VOR and OKR through β-adrenergic receptor at low concentrations and through α2-receptor at high concentrations.
Cis-regulatory evolution in prokaryotes revealed by interspecific archaeal hybrids
Authors: Artieri Carlo G. , Naor Adit , Turgeman-Grott Israela , Zhou Yiqi , York Ryan , Gophna Uri , Fraser Hunter B. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe study of allele-specific expression (ASE) in interspecific hybrids has played a central role in our understanding of a wide range of phenomena, including genomic imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation, and cis-regulatory evolution. However across the hundreds of studies of hybrid ASE, all have been restricted to sexually reproducing eukaryotes, leaving a major gap in our understanding of the genomic patterns of cis-regulatory evolution in prokaryotes. Here we introduce a method to generate stable hybrids between two species of halophilic archaea, and measure genome-wide ASE in these hybrids with RNA-seq. We found that over half of all genes have significant ASE, and that genes encoding kinases show evidence of lineage-specific selection on their cis-regulation. This pattern of polygenic selection suggested species-specific adaptation to low phosphate conditions, which we confirmed with growth experiments. Altogether, our work extends the study of ASE to archaea, and suggests that cis-regulation can evolve under polygenic lineage-specific selection in prokaryotes.
Multiple thermal spin transport performances of graphene nanoribbon heterojuction co-doped with Nitrogen and Boron
Authors: Huang Hai , Gao Guoying , Fu Huahua , Zheng Anmin , Zou Fei , Ding Guangqian , Yao Kailun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGraphene nanoribbon is a popular material in spintronics owing to its unique electronic properties. Here, we propose a novel spin caloritronics device based on zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR), which is a heterojunction consisting of a pure single-hydrogen-terminated ZGNR and one doped with nitrogen and boron. Using the density functional theory combined with the non-equilibrium Green’s function, we investigate the thermal spin transport properties of the heterojunction under different magnetic configurations only by a temperature gradient without an external gate or bias voltage. Our results indicate that thermally-induced spin polarized currents can be tuned by switching the magnetic configurations, resulting in a perfect thermal colossal magnetoresistance effect. The heterojunctions with different magnetic configurations exhibit a variety of excellent transport characteristics, including the spin-Seebeck effect, the spin-filtering effect, the temperature switching effect, the negative differential thermal resistance effect and the spin-Seebeck diode feature, which makes the heterojunction a promising candidate for high-efficiently multifunctional spin caloritronic applications.
Effect of impurity resonant states on optical and thermoelectric properties on the surface of a topological insulator
Authors: Zhong Min , Li Shuai , Duan Hou-Jian , Hu Liang-Bin , Yang Mou , Wang Rui-Qiang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe investigate the thermoelectric effect on a topological insulator surface with particular interest in impurity-induced resonant states. To clarify the role of the resonant states, we calculate the dc and ac conductivities and the thermoelectric coefficients along the longitudinal direction within the full Born approximation. It is found that at low temperatures, the impurity resonant state with strong energy de-pendence can lead to a zero-energy peak in the dc conductivity, whose height is sensitively dependent on the strength of scattering potential, and even can reverse the sign of the thermopower, implying the switching from n- to p-type carriers. Also, we exhibit the thermoelectric signatures for the filling process of a magnetic band gap by the resonant state. We further study the impurity effect on the dynamic optical conductivity, and find that the resonant state also generates an optical conductivity peak at the absorption edge for the interband transition. These results provide new perspectives for understanding the doping effect on topological insulator materials.
CH2 Linkage Effects on the Reactivity of Bis(aminophosphine)–Ruthenium Complexes for Selective Hydrogenation of Esters into Alcohols
Authors: Fang Xiaolong , Sun Mingjun , Zheng Jianwei , Li Bin , Ye Linmin , Wang Xiaoping , Cao Zexing , Zhu Hongping , Yuan Youzhu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA novel ruthenium complex binding to two subtly different aminophosphine ligands, (o-PPh2C6H4CH2NH2)(o-PPh2C6H4NH2)RuCl2, was successfully isolated. This bis(aminophosphine)–ruthenium complex shows efficient activity in both dimethyl oxalate (DMO) and methyl benzoate (MB) hydrogenation. On the contrast, similar complexes (o-PPh2C6H4NH2)2RuCl2 and (o-PPh2C6H4CH2NH2)2RuCl2, can only effectively catalyze the hydrogenation of DMO and MB, respectively. Our experimental studies in combination of theoretical calculations reveal that the remarkable substrate selectivity in the hydrogenation of esters arises from the nonbonding interactions operated by the CH2 linkage of the ligand.
Highly-efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by PoPD-modified TiO
2
nanocomposites due to photosensitization-synergetic effect of TiO2 with PoPD
Authors: Yang Chuanxi , Dong Wenping , Cui Guanwei , Zhao Yingqiang , Shi Xifeng , Xia Xinyuan , Tang Bo , Wang Weiliang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPoly-o-phenylenediamine modified TiO2 nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via an ‘in situ’ oxidative polymerization method. The modified nanocomposites were characterized by BET, XRD, TEM, FT-IR, TGA, XPS, EA and UV-Vis DRS. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was chosen as a model reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic activities of TiO2 and PoPD/TiO2. The results indicated that PoPD/TiO2 nanocomposites exhibited good photocatalytic activity and stability. The photocatalytic activity of PoPD/TiO2 increased as the initial pH increased because of electrostatic adsorption between the photocatalyst and MB as well as the generation of ·OH, whereas it exhibited an earlier increasing and later decreasing trend as the concentration of the photocatalyst increased owing to the absorption of visible light. The photocatalytic stability of the PoPD/TiO2 nanocomposite was dependent on the stability of its structure. Based on radical trapping experiments and ESR measurements, the origin of oxidizing ability of PoPD/TiO2 nanocomposites on photocatalytic degradation of MB was proposed, which taking into account of ·OH and ·O2− were the first and second important ROS, respectively. The possible photocatalytic mechanism and photocatalytic activity enhanced mechanism has been proposed, taking into account the photosensitization effect and synergetic effect of TiO2 with PoPD.
A change in the aggregation pathway of bovine serum albumin in the presence of arginine and its derivatives
Authors: Borzova Vera A. , Markossian Kira A. , Kleymenov Sergey Yu. , Kurganov Boris I. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractChemical chaperones including arginine and its derivatives are widely used by biochemists working on the design of agents, which are able to efficiently suppress protein aggregation. To elucidate the mechanisms of anti-aggregation activity of chemical chaperones, methods based on registration of the increment in light scattering intensity must be supplemented with methods for direct detection of the portion of aggregated protein (γagg). For this purpose asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation was used in the present work. It was shown that heat-induced aggregation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) followed the kinetics of the reaction of the second order (0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, 70 °C). It was proposed to use Rhvs γagg plots to characterize the aggregation pathway (Rh is the hydrodynamic radius of the protein aggregates, which was calculated from the dynamic light scattering data). The changes in the shape of Rhvs γagg plots in the presence of arginine, arginine amide and arginine ethyl ester are indicative of the changes in the aggregation pathway of BSA aggregation. A conclusion has been made that larger aggregates are formed in the presence of arginine hydrochloride and its derivatives.
Expression of the Human Herpesvirus 6A Latency-Associated Transcript U94A Disrupts Human Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Migration
Authors: Campbell Andrew , Hogestyn Jessica M. , Folts Christopher J. , Lopez Brittany , Pröschel Christoph , Mock David , Mayer-Pröschel Margot 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProgression of demyelinating diseases is caused by an imbalance of two opposing processes: persistent destruction of myelin and myelin repair by differentiating oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Repair that cannot keep pace with destruction results in progressive loss of myelin. Viral infections have long been suspected to be involved in these processes but their specific role remains elusive. Here we describe a novel mechanism by which HHV-6A, a member of the human herpesvirus family, may contribute to inadequate myelin repair after injury.
Sensorless speed estimation of permanent magnet DC brushed motor considering the effect of armature teeth–slots and commutation
Authors: Ghosh Mousam , Ghosh Suman , Saha Pradip Kumar , Panda Goutam Kumar 
Published: June 2017

This study proposes a novel technique of speed estimation for permanent magnet direct current (PMDC) brushed motor. The impact of armature teeth–slots and commutation of PMDC motor on armature current is considered in this study to estimate the speed. In many applications, speed measurement of motors is essentially required. Conventionally mechanical sensors are coupled to the motor shaft for speed measurement. Recently many sensorless methods for speed estimation of motor had been introduced. This study proposes a new method where the variation in effective magnetic path reluctance due to continuous alternation in teeth–slots positions with respect to stationery poles is considered. Combined effects of effective magnetic path reluctance variation and armature commutation cause ripple in armature current. In this study, the effect of teeth–slots in armature current is investigated using finite‐element approach and also it is verified experimentally. Furthermore, an elementary circuitry is included in this study in support of the proposed method from armature current. The performed test on a 24 V–100 W brushed PMDC motor indicates that the proposed method is effective in wide range of speed estimation considering the effect of change in mechanical load or terminal voltage level.
Dynamic analysis of a floating hybrid spar tension leg platform concept for wind monitoring applications in deep sea
Authors: Micallef Marisa , Sant Tonio , Mollicone Pierluigi 
Published: June 2017

This study presents an investigation to assess the motions experienced by a floating hybrid spar‐tension leg platform structure when supporting a wind‐monitoring lattice tower in deep water conditions of the Central Mediterranean. The numerical study is based on the software package ANSYS® AQWA™. The structure supports a 30 m wind‐monitoring tower as well as a LiDAR system. A parametric analysis was carried out for different geometrical and met‐ocean conditions, and the simulations were restricted to regular (single frequency) wave and constant wind speed conditions only. The Morison formulation was used to resolve the hydrodynamic loads in a time domain. The study shows how the natural periods of the floating wind‐monitoring mast structure decrease with increasing buoyancy‐to‐weight ratios. From the time‐series simulations, it was evident that slender spars experience smaller displacements. This is a favourable result as it results in more reliable wind measurements taken by the cup‐type anemometers. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to examine the variations of surge motion predictions resulting from deviations in the hydrodynamic coefficients. It was observed that the platform surge motion is more sensitive to deviations in the added mass coefficient than the drag coefficient.
Perspectives on the Psychosocial Management of Oromandibular Dystonia
Authors: Siegel Lauren , Page Allyson 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOromandibular dystonia (OMD) is a rare disorder of movement characterized by tonic muscle contractions that can result in involuntary, repetitive, and patterned muscle contractions of the lingual musculature, labial musculature, and/or muscles of mastication. As a result, dysarthria can be present that can lead to reduced speech intelligibility and have an adverse impact on psychosocial functioning. In this article, we will describe the clinical and speech characteristics of OMD and the various methods of treatment. Then we will introduce and describe patient-reported outcome measures that assess two aspects of psychosocial functioning: communicative participation and quality of life. We will describe the current state of knowledge as it relates to communicative participation and quality of life in this clinical population, and, finally, we will advocate that speech-language pathologists have a unique role in the care of individuals with OMD through the inclusion of patient-reported outcome measures to provide a comprehensive and holistic management plan.
Speech Recognition as a Practice Tool for Dysarthria
Authors: Fager Susan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRecovery of speech in dysarthria requires an extensive amount of time and practice. Speech recognition (SR) technology may support long-term practice and speech recovery efforts for individuals with dysarthria. However, SR technology development has been focused on typical (neurologically intact) speakers to support writing. This article describes the history and development of SR technology, how it has been used by individuals with dysarthria, and includes a case study illustration of the use of a novel SR technology as a speech practice tool. Case study participants included two individuals with differing onsets and dysarthria due to traumatic brain injury. Results indicated that both were able to make acoustic/perceptual changes during speech practice sessions, and one participant demonstrated generalization of changes to habitual speech. Limitations and future directions of current SR technology as a speech practice tool are discussed.
Patient-Provider Communication Training for Dysarthria: Lessons Learned from Student Trainees
Authors: Baylor Carolyn , Yorkston Kathryn , Burns Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPatient-provider communication skills training programs rarely include content addressing how health care providers can improve communication with patients exhibiting dysarthria and other communication disorders. Consequently, these patients often struggle to access quality health care services. This article describes a training program focused on giving health care students the opportunity to interact with standardized patients portraying dysarthria and aphasia. A summary of the program's outcome is then provided from the perspective of the students involved as well as lessons students taught us about how to continue improving this type of program and to make it a more universal part of health care education.
Preliminary Investigations Showing Venous Thromboembolism Recurrence in Patients with Residual Venous Obstruction in Singaporean Population
Authors: Er Chaozer , Chong Claudia , Chin Han , Chin Tay , Sule Ashish 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study aims to determine the association of residual venous obstruction (RVO) with recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE). A retrospective cohort study was conducted determining if RVO on ultrasonography is associated with recurrent VTE in a Singaporean population. The subjects were identified from the Vascular Diagnostic Laboratory patients' record of Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH), Singapore between 2008 and 2013. All the patients included had RVO after 3 months of anticoagulation. Data such as age, gender, race, thrombus location, etiology, history of malignancy, thrombophilia screen, treatment duration, and follow-up were recorded for analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata/SE 13.1 (StataCorp LLC). The study was approved by the National Healthcare Group Domain Specific Review Board (DSRB), Singapore. Out of the 34 patients who had RVO, 6 (17.6%) developed VTE recurrence. Patients were treated with anticoagulation for a mean time of 24.5 months. The mean follow-up time for VTE recurrence was 25.4 months. Out of the six patients who had VTE recurrence, one had common iliac vein involvement, four had superficial femoral vein and common femoral vein involvement, zero had popliteal vein involvement, and one had calf veins involvement. There was a significant association between thrombophilia (p = 0.0195) and malignancy (p = 0.020) at inclusion with the risk of recurrent VTE. The presence of RVO after 3 months of anticoagulation is likely to increase the risk of VTE recurrence. Larger studies with RVO are needed to evaluate if there is an increased risk of VTE recurrence in the Asian population.
Learning in-progress
Authors: Kimura Daisuke , Kazik Natalia 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Though gesture is a growing area in second language research, its role in the teaching and learning of grammar remains on the
margins. Drawing from Sociocultural Theory, the present case study addresses this gap by offering a microgenetic analysis of an
ESL learner’s developing understanding of the progressive aspect. Our analysis is threefold. First, we observe how the learner’s
gesture reveals her initial understanding of the progressive aspect. This is followed by study of the learner’s appropriation of
the teacher’s gesture for the progressive aspect. Finally, we examine the crucial ways in which the learner’s gesture differs from
the teacher’s, arguing that the learner merged her initial understanding and the teacher’s gesture, instead of merely copying the
teacher. We contend that gesture should not be regarded as supplementary to speech but as an indispensable window into the
learning process that may not be accessible through the verbal channel alone.
The International Labour Organization and African trade unions: tripartite fantasies and enduring struggles
Authors: Bernards Nick 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
This article examines the complex and contradictory history of interactions between the International Labour Organization (ILO) and trade unions in Africa from 1960 to the present. The paper focuses in particular on ILO efforts to deliver technical assistance to trade unions. I highlight the tensions raised by the mismatch between ILO’s adherence to a particular view of industrial unionism rooted in northern European experience, which I label the ‘tripartite fantasy’ and the political and economic realities of labour in Africa. The article draws on original archival and interview evidence to trace out the subtle conflicts raised by these tensions. It focuses in particular on the difficulty in balancing the principle of freedom of association with efforts to promote ‘unity’ among African unions. These tensions played out most clearly in efforts to organise assistance to unions under apartheid. The article concludes by reflecting on the difficult position of the ILO in contemporary African politics.
Doping β-Ga2O3 with europium: influence of the implantation and annealing temperature
Authors: Peres M , Lorenz K , Alves E , Nogales E , Méndez B , Biquard X , Daudin B , Víllora E G , Shimamura K 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

β-Ga2O3 bulk single crystals were doped by ion implantation at temperatures from room temperature to 1000 °C, using a 300 keV Europium beam with a fluence of 1  ×  1015 at cm−2. Rising the implantation temperature from room temperature to 400–600 °C resulted in a significant increase of the substitutional Eu fraction and of the number of Eu ions in the 3+  charge state as well as in a considerable decrease of implantation damage. Eu is found in both charge states 2+  and 3+  and their relative fractions are critically dependent on the implantation and annealing temperature, suggesting that defects play an important role in stabilizing one of the charge states. The damage recovery during post-implant annealing is a complex process and typically defect levels first increase for intermediate annealing temperatures and a significant recovery of the crystal only starts around 1000 °C. Cathodoluminescence spectra are dominated by the sharp Eu3+ related intra-ionic 4f transition lines in the red spectral region. They show a strong increase of the emission intensity with increasing annealing temperature, in particular for samples implanted at elevated temperature, indicating the optical activation of Eu3+ ions. However, no direct correlation of emission intensity and Eu3+ fraction was found, again pointing to the important role of defects on the physical properties of these luminescent materials.