bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Mechanism of Action of Lycium barbarum in Treating Allergic Rhinitis Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Shao Hui , Wang Ning , Kang Jing , Zheng Kaizhi , Ma Zheng , Yang Jing , Yang Xiaoling , Hou Li 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
Approximately 10%-40% of the global population is affected by allergic
rhinitis, and Lycium barbarum has a long history of dual use as a herbal medicine and also as a
food. This study utilized network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the mechanism
of action of Lycium barbarum in treating allergic rhinitis.

Methods:
We screened active ingredients and potential action targets of Lycium barbarum using
the TCMSP database. Relevant targets for allergic rhinitis diseases were accessed through the
GeneCards and OMIM databases. GO function enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment
analyses of key targets were conducted using the DAVID database. Molecular docking validation
was performed using Autodock Vina software to confirm the affinity between the core protein
targets and the key active ingredients.

Results:
Network pharmacological analysis identified 35 major active ingredients of Lycium
barbarum, 87 drug targets, and 2200 disease targets. GO functional analysis and KEGG pathway
enrichment analysis revealed that the mechanism of action of Lycium barbarum in treating
allergic rhinitis involves multiple pathways, including the HIF-1 signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling
pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. Molecular docking results demonstrated good binding
activity between the main active ingredients and the core protein target.

Conclusion:
Lycium barbarum exhibits multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway actions
in treating allergic rhinitis by regulating relevant pathways and targets.
Formulation and Comparison of Herbal Gels Containing Essential Oils and their Antimicrobial Evaluation
Authors: Agrawal Karan , Vibha  , Murti Yogesh , Agrawal Migul , Kulshreshtha Mayank 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
The current study aimed to formulate and evaluate herbal gels con-taining essential oils for the treatment of infection caused by microbial species, i.e., S. au-reus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and B. subtilis. These species are also responsible for acne directly and indirectly.

Material and Methods:
The gels were prepared using a gelling agent with 1% Carbopol-940, and they were further evaluated for physical appearance, drug content, in-vitro drug release, viscosity, extrudability, pH, and spreadability. Further, anti-microbial screening was done with various microbial species.

Results:
Studies revealed that the gel was highly effective against the selected species ex-cept for the fungal strain. ZOI was observed ranging from 3.1 ± 0.01 mm to 13.4 ± 0.14 mm. The maximum ZOI was observed at 13.4 ± 0.14 mm against S. aureus. The physical properties of the gel satisfied the standard parameters.

Conclusion:
The prepared herbal gel was found to have highly promising activity against bacterial species associated with bacterial infection but in a dose-dependent manner. How-ever, more research is required.
Identification of miR-20a as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: MicroRNA Sequencing and Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Jamialahmadi Hamid , Asadnia Alireza , Khalili-Tanha Ghazaleh , Mohit Reza , Azari Hanieh , Khazaei Majid , Maftooh Mina , Nassiri Mohammadreza , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Ferns Gordon A , Nazari Elham , Avan Amir 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
The differential expression of miRNAs, a key regulator in many cell
signaling pathways, has been studied in various malignancies and may have an important role in
cancer progression, including colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods:
The present study used machine learning and gene interaction study tools to explore
the prognostic and diagnostic value of miRNAs in CRC. Integrative analysis of 353 CRC samples
and normal tissue data was obtained from the TCGA database and further analyzed by R packages
to define the deferentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Furthermore, machine learning and
Kaplan Meier survival analysis helped better specify the significant prognostic value of miRNAs.
A combination of online databases was then used to evaluate the interactions between target
genes, their molecular pathways, and the correlation between the DEMs.

Results:
The results indicated that miR-19b and miR-20a have a significant prognostic role and
are associated with CRC progression. The ROC curve analysis discovered that miR-20a alone
and combined with other miRNAs, including hsa-mir-21 and hsa-mir-542, are diagnostic biomarkers
in CRC. In addition, 12 genes, including NTRK2, CDC42, EGFR, AGO2, PRKCA,
HSP90AA1, TLR4, IGF1, ESR1, SMAD2, SMAD4, and NEDD4L, were found to be the highest
score targets for these miRNAs. Pathway analysis identified the two correlated tyrosine kinase
and MAPK signaling pathways with the key interaction genes, i.e., EGFR, CDC42, and
HSP90AA1.

Conclusion:
To better define the role of these miRNAs, the ceRNA network, including lncRNAs,
was also prepared. In conclusion, the combination of R data analysis and machine learning provides
a robust approach to resolving complicated interactions between miRNAs and their targets.
Evaluating the Effect of a Probiotic on Prevention of Diarrhea, Stress Response, and Social Interactions in a Colony of Macaca fascicularis
Authors: McGrew Keely , Kosten Therese A. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Social housing changes are associated with diarrhea in macaques, presumably
due to stress.

Objective:
Since probiotics are utilized in humans for diarrhea, we tested the effectiveness of a species-
specific probiotic, SDPro™ (composition: ~2 billion CFU each of live Lactobacillus reuteri
and Saccharomyces boulardii), to prevent relocation-associated diarrhea. Assessments of the gutmicrobiome
and diarrhea severity were made. Behavioral observations and cortisol levels were examined
after relocation to test the effects of the probiotic treatment.

Methods:
The probiotic was administered to 60 juvenile macaques of both sexes (Probiotic +) and
outcomes were compared to 60 control (Probiotic -) macaques. The effects on gut microbiome composition
were analyzed via 16s microbiome analysis in half the animals from both groups. Social
behaviors were monitored twice-weekly in the morning and afternoon for five weeks following 10-
days of SDPro™ administration in 56 subjects and hair cortisol was assayed.

Results:
Probiotic administration altered beta, but not alpha, diversity, and caused changes in taxa
abundance at the phylum, genus, and species levels. The Probiotic + group was enriched in Firmicutes,
Clostridium, and Lactobacillus and diminished in Bacteriodies (p’s < 0.05) compared to controls.
Although SDPro™ did not alter diarrhea incidence following relocation, it reduced diarrhea
severity in males only. Males also exhibited higher cortisol levels than females but there was no
probiotic effect. Probiotic treatment had minor behavioral effects; the typical reduction in locomotion
seen in the afternoon was eliminated.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that SDPro™ may be a viable tool to prevent relocation-induced
diarrhea in juvenile male macaques.
The Accuracy and Capability of Artificial Intelligence Solutions in Health Care Examinations and Certificates: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Waldock William J , Zhang Joe , Guni Ahmad , Nabeel Ahmad , Darzi Ara , Ashrafian Hutan 
Published: September 2024

Background
Large language models (LLMs) have dominated public interest due to their apparent capability to accurately replicate learned knowledge in narrative text. However, there is a lack of clarity about the accuracy and capability standards of LLMs in health care examinations.

Objective
We conducted a systematic review of LLM accuracy, as tested under health care examination conditions, as compared to known human performance standards.

Methods
We quantified the accuracy of LLMs in responding to health care examination questions and evaluated the consistency and quality of study reporting. The search included all papers up until September 10, 2023, with all LLMs published in English journals that report clear LLM accuracy standards. The exclusion criteria were as follows: the assessment was not a health care exam, there was no LLM, there was no evaluation of comparable success accuracy, and the literature was not original research.The literature search included the following Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used in all possible combinations: “artificial intelligence,” “ChatGPT,” “GPT,” “LLM,” “large language model,” “machine learning,” “neural network,” “Generative Pre-trained Transformer,” “Generative Transformer,” “Generative Language Model,” “Generative Model,” “medical exam,” “healthcare exam,” and “clinical exam.” Sensitivity, accuracy, and precision data were extracted, including relevant CIs.

Results
The search identified 1673 relevant citations. After removing duplicate results, 1268 (75.8%) papers were screened for titles and abstracts, and 32 (2.5%) studies were included for full-text review. Our meta-analysis suggested that LLMs are able to perform with an overall medical examination accuracy of 0.61 (CI 0.58-0.64) and a United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) accuracy of 0.51 (CI 0.46-0.56), while Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) can perform with an overall medical examination accuracy of 0.64 (CI 0.6-0.67).

Conclusions
LLMs offer promise to remediate health care demand and staffing challenges by providing accurate and efficient context-specific information to critical decision makers. For policy and deployment decisions about LLMs to advance health care, we proposed a new framework called RUBRICC (Regulatory, Usability, Bias, Reliability [Evidence and Safety], Interoperability, Cost, and Codesign–Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement [PPIE]). This presents a valuable opportunity to direct the clinical commissioning of new LLM capabilities into health services, while respecting patient safety considerations.

Trial Registration
OSF Registries osf.io/xqzkw; https://osf.io/xqzkw
Implementation of a Social Media Strategy for Public Health Promotion in Black, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Hispanic or Latino Communities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mora Pinzon Maria , Hills Ornella , Levy George , James Taryn T , Benitez Ashley , Lawrence Sacheen , Ellis Tiffany , Washington Venus , Solorzano Lizbeth , Tellez-Giron Patricia , Cano Ospina Fernando , Metoxen Melissa F , Gleason Carey E 
Published: September 2024

Background
Individuals identifying as Black, American Indian or Alaska Native, or Hispanic or Latino lack access to culturally appropriate accurate information and are the target of disinformation campaigns, which create doubt in science and health care providers and might play a role in sustaining health disparities related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
This study aims to create and disseminate culturally and medically appropriate social media messages for Black, Latino, and American Indian or Alaska Native communities in Wisconsin and evaluate their reach and effectiveness in addressing the information needs of these communities.

Methods
Our team identified relevant COVID-19 topics based on feedback from their respective community, developed lay format materials, and translated materials into culturally appropriate social media messages that community advocates delivered across their respective communities. Social media metrics (reach, engagement, and impressions) were collected using Sprout Social and Facebook Analytics. We hosted 9 focus groups with community members to learn about their social media use. These data were analyzed using an inductive approach, using NVivo software (release 1.7) to code content.

Results
Between August 2021 and January 2023, we created 980 unique social media posts that reached 88,790 individuals and gathered >6700 engagements. Average reach per post was similar across the 3 communities, despite differences in the number of posts and followers on each page: 119.46 (Latino individuals), 111.74 (Black individuals), and 113.11 (Oneida Nation members). The type of posts that had higher engagement rate per reached person (ERR) varied across communities and platforms, with the highest being live videos for the Latino community on Facebook (ERR 9.4%), videos for the Black community on Facebook (ERR 19.53%), and social media messages for the Oneida Nation community (ERR 59.01%).

Conclusions
Our project presents a unique and effective model for health messages and highlights the need for tailoring social media messages and approaches for minoritized audiences (eg, age, gender, race, and ethnicity). Further research studies are needed to explore how specific types of information affect the dissemination of information and the implications for health communications.
Endothelial dysfunction in patients with different obesity phenotypes
Authors: Sekret T.V. , Vlasenko M.V. 
Published: September 2024

Background. Obesity is a progressive problem in society. The degree of cardiovascular risk in obesity depends on the distribution of adipose tissue, as well as on the endothelial function, since it is endothelial dysfunction that is one of the first links in triggering the development of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the study was to determine the functional state of the endothelium in patients with different obesity phenotypes. Materials and methods. During 2019–2021, 88 people were exa­mined: 25 men, 63 women. Their average age was 37.42 ± 11.77 years. A history was collected from all patients in order to determine risk factors for cardiovascular pathology. The blood levels of adipocytokines (leptin and adiponectin) and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (ІL) 6, ІL-8, ІL-17) were evaluated using the AU480 biochemical analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Inc., USA). Statistical processing of the results was carried out with the help of the Statistica 7 package (StatSoft, USA). Results. The study had demonstrated that leptin levels in all obesity phenotypes were higher than the reference values of the reagent sets. Consequently, adiponectin level with the progression of visceral obesity was as close as possible to the lower indicators of reference norms. It was found that ІL-17 is an interleukin that triggered an inflammatory reaction in all examined patients. ІL-17 stimulated the activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines ІL-8, ІL-6. The highest cytokine activity was recorded in the presence of visceral obesity without metabolic disorders (phenotype III): ІL-6 was 3.28 ± 1.52 pg/ml, ІL-8 was 96.55 ± 20.30 pg/ml. Due to the activation of the inflammatory reaction, NO synthase is secreted in a state of functional tension, therefore, its level is higher in phenotypes III and IV. Over time, its activity is expected to drop sharply, which will provoke endothelial remodeling. Conclusions. Patients with different phenotypes have a predisposition to endothelial dysfunction. Visceral obesity is the main predictor of the further development of insulin resistance, cardiometabolic disorders, as evidenced by an increase in the level of NO synthase, ІL-17, ІL-8, leptin.
La Maison Des Comptables: A Tax Research, Data Management, and Data Visualization Case
Authors: Adams Mollie T. , Inger Kerry K. , Long James H. , Loraas Tina M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
This teaching case integrates the tax and accounting information systems curricula to help students apply research-based outcomes to critical business processes. The setting involves sales and excise tax compliance for out-of-state alcohol shipments, a complex context given the variation between state laws and nuances in the application of general tax rules created by the 21st amendment. The various case components require students to research state tax law, employ data management techniques to apply those laws to a large dataset, and create data visualizations to aid managers with business decision-making. Components of the case can be implemented concurrently or sequentially across multiple courses in the accounting curriculum or as a stand-alone case in a single course. Requiring students to identify and apply tax law across multiple courses helps students see through individual course silos and understand how various accounting disciplines are interconnected.
JEL Classifications: M49; M41.
Harmonizing soft tissue subnasale and chin position in a forehead-based framework: interracial commonalities and differences between Asian and Caucasian females
Authors: Chen Tian , Yang Xianrui , Xue Chaoran , Bai Ding , Xu Hui 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To establish a reference system for assessing the anteroposterior (A-P) position of the subnasal and lower-facial soft tissues for whole facial harmony.

Materials and Methods
Forty Asian and 40 Caucasian females with attractive profiles were selected as the “attractive” samples, with “ordinary” samples for comparison. Each profile was analyzed, and comparisons were made to reveal the interracial commonalities and differences. Esthetically essential parameters were established. An averaged attractive profile for each race was created by digital morphing and then modified into 30 variations based on combined variations of the esthetically essential parameters. Assessments were performed to investigate the esthetic ranges.

Results
A-P position of the subnasal and lower-facial landmarks harmonized with the forehead for female profile esthetics. In addition to balanced soft tissue subnasale (sSn)- and soft titssue pogonion (Pos)-to-forehead A-P relations, harmonizing lower-facial soft tissues to sSn was indispensable for profile attractiveness. sSn-to-glabella, Pos-to-glabella, and Pos-to-sSn A-P relations were esthetically essential. Perceived by orthodontists, the attractive Asian female profiles had sSn-to-glabella A-P relations ranging from 0.5 mm to 4.5 mm, Pos-to-sSn from −9.0 mm to −5.5 mm, and Pos-to-glabella from −8.5 mm to −1.0 mm. Compared with Asians, the attractive Caucasian female profiles had more anteriorly and widely distributed sSn relative to the forehead, wider ranges of Pos-to-sSn A-P relations, and more prominent chins.

Conclusions
A reference system comprising sSn-glabella, Pos-sSn, and Pos-glabella horizontal distances was constructed for facial profile analysis. This system could aid treatment planning for surgical or orthopedic repositioning of the maxilla and chin.
APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA E DESAFIOS DA ABORDAGEM STEM NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS E MATEMÁTICA EM MOÇAMBIQUE
Authors: Guiraguira Emília Maria José , Chalenga Damasco Rocha Mateus , Napapacha Vital de Melo Lopes , Nunes Claudio Pinto 
Published: September 2024

Na sociedade actual, os desafios de mudanças sistemáticas levam-nos a reflectir sobre a actividade docente com vista a adopção de abordagens contextualizadas e interdisciplinares que contribuam para a aprendizagem dos estudantes de forma significativa. O presente trabalho de natureza qualitativa versa sobre as possibilidades de integração da abordagem STEM (ciências, tecnologias, engenharia e matemática), para estimular a criatividade e a inovação na sala de aulas de Ciências e Matemática no contexto moçambicano. Este estudo visa a compreensão de novas formas de ensino e aprendizagem, de modo a desenvolver a aprendizagem significativa com a aplicação da abordagem STEM, numa dimensão de abordagem integrada. O estudo mostra que a integração da abordagem STEM em Moçambique ainda enfrenta vários desafios dentre eles a integração curricular e sua implementação, formação de professores de ciências e matemática, orientados na abordagem STEM, escassez de recursos educacionais e infraestruturas adequadas. Estes desafios podem dificultar o desenvolvimento de habilidades práticas de ensino assim como limitar as oportunidades de aprendizagem dos alunos nas aulas de Ciências e Matemática.
Evaluating the accuracy between hollow and solid dental aligner models: a comparative study of printing technologies
Authors: Yurdakurban Ebru , Topsakal Kübra Gülnur , Duran Gökhan Serhat , Görgülü Serkan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the accuracy between hollow and solid dental models produced using a StereoLithography Apparatus (SLA), Digital Light Processing (DLP), and PolyJet 3D printing technologies.

Materials and methods
Hollow (of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm shell thicknesses) and solid maxillary models were produced using SLA, DLP, and PolyJet printers. To determine the accuracy of the tested models and deviations from the reference models, 3D digital superimposition was performed. For a detailed analysis, the dental arch was subdivided into five regions which yielded root mean square (RMS) values post-registration. Six different RMS values were generated, one for the total dental arch and one for each of the five individual regions. One-Way ANOVA analysis was applied for intergroup comparisons, and post hoc comparisons were conducted using the Tukey test. The significance of the deviation of RMS values from zero was evaluated through the one-sample t test.

Results
The PolyJet printer produced models with the least deviation for the total arch, while the SLA printer showed the greatest deviation. The DLP printer produced models with the least deviation for the hollow designs in the anterior region, while the SLA printer produced models with the least deviation of the solid design. The PolyJet printer showed the least deviation for both hollow and solid designs of 2 mm and 3 mm shell thicknesses in the molar regions. Except for the 1 mm shell thickness hollow design on the right side, the PolyJet printer showed the highest accuracy in the premolar-canine regions.

Conclusion
Accuracy varies in the posterior and anterior regions of the dental arch as a result of different shell thicknesses produced by 3D printing technologies. The clinician should select a design that is appropriate for the intended 3D printing technology based on use and required accuracy.
Corrigendum to: Structural and Thermodynamic Properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 Material: Theoretical Prediction (AWUTP, 65 (2023) 160-170, DOI: 10.2478/AWUTP-2023-0012)
Authors: Boutahar L. , Benamrani A. , Rouabah Z. , Daoud S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We would like to correct some inaccuracies in our previous paper “STRUCTURAL AND THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF Cu2ZnSnS4 MATERIAL: THEORETICAL PREDICTION”, Annals of West University of Timisoara-Physics, 65 (2023) 160-170. https://doi.org/10.2478/awutp-2023-0012 During the analysis of the data we forget to divide by N (N = 2 is the number of formula units per cell) to transform the unities from Ry/cell/K to J.mol-1.K-1, and from Ry/cell to kJ/mol, respectively. So with consequence, we found that some of our data of the thermodynamic properties are muliplied by 2. In addition, we rectified the unity from kJ N-1mol-1 to kJ/mol.