bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of Satellite Estimated Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Data with Ground Based data in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Sharma Niranjan Prasad 
Published: March 2016

The main objective of this study is to validate the satellite estimated solar Ultraviolet radiation data with ground based data in Kathmandu (27.72 N, 85.32 E), located at an elevation of 1350m, from the sea level. The ground based measurement and the satellite estimation were performed by NILU-UV irradiance meter and EOS Aura OMI satellite respectively. The NILU-UV irradiance meter is a six channel 0 0 radiometer designed to measure hemispherical irradiances on a fat surface. Meanwhile the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board, the NASA EOS Aura space craft is a nadir viewing spectrometer that measures solar refected and back scattered light in ultraviolet and visible spectrum. The study is based on OMI and ground based (GB), Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) data. Considering these data the relative differences between predicted OMI and ground based Ultraviolet Index (UVI) assuming normal distribution ±1σ was found to be 24.8±13.7% in July. Further study showed that the ratio of predicted OMI, UVI to that determined from ground based measurement is 1.14. Also the relative difference in UVI in corrected condition in summer season was found to be 5.8%. The correlation between predicted UVI and ground based UVI was found to be signifcant. Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2015, 11(1): 101-107
Biomimetic Spider-web like Electrospun Nanofbrous Membrane of Nylon-6 for Future Air Filtration
Authors: Pant Hem Raj 
Published: March 2016

In this work, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) oligomer with viscous supporting nylon-6 solution was fabricated in the form of natural spider-web like structure via an electrospinning process. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed that this network consists of thinner MPEG nanofbers, approximately 15 ± 5 nm in diameter connected with thicker nylon-6 main nanofbers, arranged in spider-web like structure. TGA and XRD analysis showed that the hybrid mat of MPEG and nylon-6 was formed during electrospinning. These two different interconnected nanofbers were separated by extraction of MPEG from the fbrous mat in cold water and identifed. The molecular weight and purity of the extracted MPEG was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, respectively. The decreased average pore diameter and increased hydrophilicity of the hybrid mat, caused by spider-web like structure, can make it as a potential candidate for air fltration. Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2015, 11(1): 108-115
Observed Behavior of Reinforced Concrete and Unreinforced Masonry Buildings in April 25, 2015 Nepal Earthquake
Authors: Shrestha Yadin 
Published: March 2016

In order to investigate the effects of devastating 7.8 M Gorkha Earthquake that struck Nepal on 25 April, 2015 and its aftershocks on reinforced concrete and unreinforced masonry buildings, a small survey team was dispatched from Institute of Engineering, Thapathali Campus. From the observation it was found that the earthquake caused extensive damages on the low-strength stone masonry buildings with no seismic detailing. In contrast, most of the reinforced concrete buildings sustained minor to some non-structural damages except in some localized places where the buildings were found to be collapsed by soft storey mechanism. The localized failure of reinforced concrete buildings in Kathmandu w valley and outside may be attributed to amplifcation of waves in thick soft soil deposits, poor quality of construction, inadequate column sizes and lack of ductile detailing.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2015, 11(1): 177-181
SEARCHING FOR NEW YELLOW SYMBIOTIC STARS: POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION OF StHα63*
Authors: Baella N. O. , Pereira C. B. , Miranda L. F. , Alvarez-Candal A. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Yellow symbiotic stars are useful targets for probing whether mass transfer has happened in their binary systems. However, the number of known yellow symbiotic stars is very scarce. We report spectroscopic observations of five candidate yellow symbiotic stars that were selected by their positions in the 2MASS (J − H) versus (H − K

s
) diagram and which were included in some emission-line catalogs. Among the five candidates, only StHα63 is identified as a new yellow symbiotic star because of its spectrum and its position in the [TiO]1–[TiO]2 diagram, which indicates a K4–K6 spectral type. In addition, the derived electron density (∼108.4 cm−3) and several emission-line intensity ratios provide further support for that classification. The other four candidates are rejected as symbiotic stars because three of them actually do not show emission lines and the fourth one only Balmer emission lines. We also found that the WISE W3–W4 index clearly separates normal K-giants from yellow symbiotic stars and therefore can be used as an additional tool for selecting candidate yellow symbiotic stars.
LONG-TERM OPTICAL STUDIES OF THE BE/X-RAY BINARY RX J0440.9+4431/LS V+44 17
Authors: Yan Jingzhi , Zhang Peng , Liu Wei , Liu Qingzhong 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the spectroscopic and photometric observations on the Be/X-ray binary RX J0440.9+4431 from 2001 to 2014. The short-term and long-term variability of the Hα line profile indicates that one-armed global oscillations existed in the circumstellar disk. Several positive and negative correlations between the V-band brightness and the Hα intensity were found from the long-term photometric and spectroscopic observations. We suggest that the monotonic increase of the V-band brightness and the Hα brightness between our 2005 and 2007 observations might be the result of a continuous mass ejection from the central Be star, while the negative correlation in 2007–2010 should be caused by the cessation of mass loss from the Be star just before the decline in V-band brightness began (around our 2007 observations). With the extension of the ejection material, the largest circumstellar disk during the last two decades has been observed in our 2010 observations with an equivalent width of approximately −12.88 Å, which corresponds to a circumstellar disk with a size of 12.9 times the radius of the central Be star. Three consecutive X-ray outbursts peaking around MJD 55293, 55444, and 55591 might be connected with the largest circumstellar disk around the Be star. We also use the orbital motion of the neutron star as a probe to constrain the structure of the circumstellar disk and estimate the eccentricity of the binary system to be ≥0.4. After three years of the Hα intensity decline after the X-ray outbursts, a new circumstellar disk was being formed around the Be star after our 2013 observations.
A TRANSITING JUPITER ANALOG
Authors: Kipping D. M. , Torres G. , Henze C. , Teachey A. , Isaacson H. , Petigura E. , Marcy G. W. , Buchhave L. A. , Chen J. , Bryson S. T. , Sandford E. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Decadal-long radial velocity surveys have recently started to discover analogs to the most influential planet of our solar system, Jupiter. Detecting and characterizing these worlds is expected to shape our understanding of our uniqueness in the cosmos. Despite the great successes of recent transit surveys, Jupiter analogs represent a terra incognita, owing to the strong intrinsic bias of this method against long orbital periods. We here report on the first validated transiting Jupiter analog, Kepler-167e (KOI-490.02), discovered using Kepler archival photometry orbiting the K4-dwarf KIC-3239945. With a radius of

, a low orbital eccentricity (

), and an equilibrium temperature of

K, Kepler-167e bears many of the basic hallmarks of Jupiter. Kepler-167e is accompanied by three Super-Earths on compact orbits, which we also validate, leaving a large cavity of transiting worlds around the habitable-zone. With two transits and continuous photometric coverage, we are able to uniquely and precisely measure the orbital period of this post snow-line planet (1071.2323 ± 0.0006d), paving the way for follow-up of this K = 11.8 mag target.
THE Fe II EMISSION IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI: EXCITATION MECHANISMS AND LOCATION OF THE EMITTING REGION
Authors: Marinello M. , Rodríguez-Ardila A. , Garcia-Rissmann A. , Sigut T. A. A. , Pradhan A. K. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a study of Fe ii emission in the near-infrared region (NIR) for 25 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to obtain information about the excitation mechanisms that power it and the location where it is formed. We employ an NIR Fe ii template derived in the literature and find that it successfully reproduces the observed Fe ii spectrum. The Fe ii bump at 9200 Å detected in all objects studied confirms that Lyα fluorescence is always present in AGNs. The correlation found between the flux of the 9200 Å bump, the 1 μm lines, and the optical Fe ii implies that Lyα fluorescence plays an important role in Fe ii production. We determined that at least 18% of the optical Fe ii is due to this process, while collisional excitation dominates the production of the observed Fe ii. The line profiles of Fe ii
λ10502, O i
λ11287, Ca ii
λ8664, and Paβ were compared to gather information about the most likely location where they are emitted. We found that Fe ii, O i and Ca ii have similar widths and are, on average, 30% narrower than Paβ. Assuming that the clouds emitting the lines are virialized, we show that the Fe ii is emitted in a region twice as far from the central source than Paβ. The distance, though, strongly varies: from 8.5 light-days for NGC 4051 to 198.2 light-days for Mrk 509. Our results reinforce the importance of the Fe ii in the NIR to constrain critical parameters that drive its physics and the underlying AGN kinematics, as well as more accurate models aimed at reproducing this complex emission.
EXTREME AO OBSERVATIONS OF TWO TRIPLE ASTEROID SYSTEMS WITH SPHERE
Authors: Yang B. , Wahhaj Z. , Beauvalet L. , Marchis F. , Dumas C. , Marsset M. , Nielsen E. L. , Vachier F. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery of a new satellite of asteroid (130) Elektra—S/2014 (130) 1—in differential imaging and in integral field spectroscopy data over multiple epochs obtained with Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet Research/Very Large Telescope. This new (second) moonlet of Elektra is about 2 km across, on an eccentric orbit, and about 500 km away from the primary. For a comparative study, we also observed another triple asteroid system, (93) Minerva. For both systems, component-resolved reflectance spectra of the satellites and primary were obtained simultaneously. No significant spectral difference was observed between the satellites and the primary for either triple system. We find that the moonlets in both systems are more likely to have been created by sub-disruptive impacts as opposed to having been captured.
Raftlin Controls Lipopolysaccharide-Induced TLR4 Internalization and TICAM-1 Signaling in a Cell Type–Specific Manner
Authors: Tatematsu Megumi , Yoshida Ryuji , Morioka Yuka , Ishii Noriko , Funami Kenji , Watanabe Ayako , Saeki Kazuko , Seya Tsukasa , Matsumoto Misako 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The clathrin-dependent endocytic pathway is crucial for endosomal TLR3- and TLR4-mediated Toll–IL-1R domain–containing adaptor molecule-1 (TICAM-1) signaling. TLR4 uses a different signaling platform, plasma membrane and endosomes, for activation of TIRAP-MyD88 and TICAM-2–TICAM-1, respectively. LPS-induced endocytosis of TLR4 is mandatory for TICAM-1–mediated signaling including IFN-β production. Several molecules/mechanisms such as CD14, clathrin, and phosphatidylinositol metabolism have been reported to act as inducers of TLR4 translocation. However, the molecular mechanism of spatiotemporal regulation of TLR4 signaling remains unresolved. We have previously shown that Raftlin is essential for clathrin-dependent endocytosis of TLR3 ligand in human epithelial cells and myeloid dendritic cells (DCs). In this article, we demonstrate that Raftlin also mediated LPS-induced TLR4 internalization and TICAM-1 signaling in human monocyte-derived DCs and macrophages (Mo-Mϕs). When Raftlin was knocked down, LPS-induced TLR4-mediated IFN-β promoter activation, but not NF-κB activation, was decreased in HEK293 cells overexpressing TLR4/MD-2 or TLR4/MD-2/CD14. LPS-induced IFN-β production by monocyte-derived DCs and Mo-Mϕs was significantly decreased by knockdown of Raftlin. Upon LPS stimulation, Raftlin moved from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane in Mo-Mϕs, where it colocalized with TLR4. Raftlin associated with clathrin-associated adaptor protein–2 in resting cells and transiently bound to TLR4 and clathrin at the cell surface in response to LPS. Thus, Raftlin appears to modulate cargo selection as an accessary protein of clathrin-associated adaptor protein–2 in clathrin-mediated endocytosis of TLR3/4 ligands.
Cutting Edge: BAFF Promotes Autoantibody Production via TACI-Dependent Activation of Transitional B Cells
Authors: Jacobs Holly M. , Thouvenel Christopher D. , Leach Sarah , Arkatkar Tanvi , Metzler Genita , Scharping Nicole E. , Kolhatkar Nikita S. , Rawlings David J. , Jackson Shaun W. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Mice overexpressing B cell activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) develop systemic autoimmunity characterized by class-switched anti-nuclear Abs. Transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI) signals are critical for BAFF-mediated autoimmunity, but the B cell developmental subsets undergoing TACI-dependent activation in settings of excess BAFF remain unclear. We report that, although surface TACI expression is usually limited to mature B cells, excess BAFF promotes the expansion of TACI-expressing transitional B cells. TACI+ transitional cells from BAFF-transgenic mice are characterized by an activated, cycling phenotype, and the TACI+ cell subset is specifically enriched for autoreactivity, expresses activation-induced cytidine deaminase and T-bet, and exhibits evidence of somatic hypermutation. Consistent with a potential contribution to BAFF-mediated humoral autoimmunity, TACI+ transitional B cells from BAFF-transgenic mice spontaneously produce class-switched autoantibodies ex vivo. These combined findings highlight a novel mechanism through which BAFF promotes humoral autoimmunity via direct, TACI-dependent activation of transitional B cells.
Direct measurements of OH and other product yields from the HO2  + CH3C(O)O2 reaction
Authors: Winiberg Frank A. F. , Dillon Terry J. , Orr Stephanie C. , Groß Christoph B. M , Bejan Iustinian , Brumby Charlotte A. , Evans Matthew J. , Smith Shona C. , Heard Dwayne E. , Seakins Paul W. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The reaction CH3C(O)O2 + HO2  →  CH3C(O)OOH + O2 (Reaction R5a), CH3C(O)OH + O3 (Reaction R5b), CH3 + CO2 + OH + O2 (Reaction R5c) was studied in a series of experiments conducted at 1000 mbar and (293 ± 2) K in the HIRAC simulation chamber. For the first time, products, (CH3C(O)OOH, CH3C(O)OH, O3 and OH) from all three branching pathways of the reaction have been detected directly and simultaneously. Measurements of radical precursors (CH3OH, CH3CHO), HO2 and some secondary products HCHO and HCOOH further constrained the system. Fitting a comprehensive model to the experimental data, obtained over a range of conditions, determined the branching ratios α(R5a)  =  0.37 ± 0.10, α(R5b) =  0.12 ± 0.04 and α(R5c) =  0.51 ± 0.12 (errors at 2σ level). Improved measurement/model agreement was achieved using k(R5)  =  (2.4 ± 0.4)  ×  10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, which is within the large uncertainty of the current IUPAC and JPL recommended rate coefficients for the title reaction. The rate coefficient and branching ratios are in good agreement with a recent study performed by Groß et al. (2014b); taken together, these two studies show that the rate of OH regeneration through Reaction (R5) is more rapid than previously thought. GEOS-Chem has been used to assess the implications of the revised rate coefficients and branching ratios; the modelling shows an enhancement of up to 5 % in OH concentrations in tropical rainforest areas and increases of up to 10 % at altitudes of 6–8 km above the equator, compared to calculations based on the IUPAC recommended rate coefficient and yield. The enhanced rate of acetylperoxy consumption significantly reduces PAN in remote regions (up to 30 %) with commensurate reductions in background NOx.
Challenges of NGO-to-state Referral in the Delivery of HIV Prevention Programs in Ukraine Supported by the Global Fund
Authors: McGill Svetlana 
Published: March 2016

Background: Ukraine has one of the world’s fastest growing HIV rates and was one of the largest recipients of funding from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GF). The objective of this study was to close the gaps in the literature on the delivery of HIV prevention services by NGOs and the perceptions of NGO delivered services, using as an example HIV prevention programs in Ukraine funded by the GF.Methods: The aim of this qualitative study was to determine how NGO-based services were implemented in the context of a state-owned healthcare system of Ukraine. An ethnographic study, which included 50 participant interviews, was conducted in three oblasts in Ukraine and in the capital, Kyiv, between 2011 and 2013. This article presents some of the findings that emerged from the analysis.Results: Participants reported that NGOs were focused more on reporting numbers of rapid tests, and less on motivating clients to continue onto treatment. The role division between NGOs and the state in HIV services was largely perceived by participants as unclear and challenging. Overall, lack of clarity on the role of government healthcare providers and NGOs in providing HIV services compromised the process of finding, referring, and retaining HIV patients in care.Conclusions: Gaps in linking HIV patients to the HIV care continuum have been identified as a potentially problematic issue in delivery of HIV prevention services by GF funded NGOs. With an anticipated GF exit from Ukraine, the lack of clearly defined NGO-to-state referrals of HIV patients complicates the transition of NGO run services into state funding. Further steps to improve referral systems are necessary to ensure a smooth transition and enable Ukraine to fight its HIV epidemic effectively.
A Longitudinal View of Look at the Effectiveness of Elicited Imitation with Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training (CAPT)
Authors: Hsu Liwei 
Published: March 2016

<p>It is the aim for most EFL learners to have a clear pronunciation in English; however, pronunciation training has always been a challenge for EFL teachers and learners alike. The advent of Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training (CAPT) seems to be the solution to this problem. This longitudinal study adopted a latent growth curve to describe 30 EFL learner’s (N = 30) development of imitated pronunciation in English as well as their satisfaction regarding CAPT. These 30 participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group (N = 18) and control group (N = 12). There were no significant differences among the participants in their pronunciation of English or attitudes toward CAPT at the beginning of this study. After 16 months of training, the growth curve analysis showed that participants in the CAPT group made significantly greater development in English pronunciation, and they were more satisfied with the CAPT. The large effect size indicated that the grouping was the major effect that led to a significant difference in satisfaction. Moreover, the qualitative data derived from focus-group interviews confirmed the benefits of CAPT in participant’s pronunciation training. These findings suggest that EFL learner’s opportunities to conduct elicited imitation with the help of ASR-CAPT will be helpful for their development of imitated pronunciation in English and increase their satisfaction of it, which is a key aspect in the effectiveness of pronunciation training. </p>
Periprosthetic Pathology in ‘At Risk’ Ceramic-on-Polyethylene Total HIP Arthroplasty: A Clinical Study Using MARS-MRI in 50 Patients
Authors: Das Dirk H. , van der Weegen Walter , Wullems Jorgen A. , Brakel Koen , Sijbesma Thea , Nelissen Rob G. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose Recent studies of metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) using metal-artefact-reducing-sequence software for magnetic resonance Imaging (MARS-MRI) have revealed remarkable soft tissue pathology around the hip, usually referred to as pseudotumours. Case reports describe identical pathology in non-MoM THA, but descriptive overviews of MRI abnormalities in patients with non-MoM prosthesis are scarce. Methods A clinical study in a cohort of 50 ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoP) THA selected for high risk of peri-prosthetic pathology including 2 subgroups: (i) 40 patients with a high polyethylene (PE) wear rate (>0.2 mm per year) and 5-12 years follow-up; (ii) 10 patients with a 2 to 5 years follow-up and a documented history of persistent complaints. All patients were clinically evaluated, MARS-MRIs were completed and chrome and cobalt serum samples were taken. Results 17 scans were normal (34%). Periprosthetic fluid collections were seen as a bursae iliopsoas (n = 12, 24%), in the trochanter bursae (n = 4, 8%) and in the surgical tract (n = 9, 18%). 1 case demonstrated a cyst on MARS-MRI resembling a pseudotumour as seen with MoM THA (2%). Intraosseous acetabular cysts were seen in 12 cases (24%), intraosseous trochanteric cysts in 10 cases (20%). Conclusions Soft tissue abnormalities after non-MoM THA are common in selected patients and can be clearly visualised with MARS-MRI. Pseudotumours as seen on MARS-MRI do occur in non-MoM hip arthroplasty but with low prevalence.
E1 Detection as Prognosticator in Human Papillomavirus-Positive Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Vivenza Daniela , Lo Nigro Cristiana , Denaro Nerina , Fortunato Mirella , Monteverde Martino , Tonissi Federica , Lattanzio Laura , Astesana Valentina , Gloghini Annunziata , Volpi Chiara C. , Russi Elvio , Merlano Marco C. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose HPV-related locally advanced head and neck cancers (LA-HNCs) show a good prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the HPV prevalence in LA-HNCs and compare the prognostic value of E1, E6 and L1 genomic viral fragments and p16, individually and in combination, in order to find the best prognosticator in terms of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Patients and Methods HPV16 was searched in 255 LA-HNC formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissues, 89 oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs), and 166 non-OPCs by DNA-PCR with 3 primer pairs. p16 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 235 patients. Results The prevalence of positive samples decreased constantly from E6 to L1 and E1 in both OPCs and non-OPCs. Each LA-HNC patient highlighted variable positivity for each fragment. OPCs showed a higher prevalence of positive samples compared to non-OPCs. Positive coexistence of all the fragments was more common in OPCs (31.5%) than non-OPCs (4.2%), and E1 detection was always associated with E6 and L1. E1-positive OPCs showed improved OS (p = 0.012) and PFS (p = 0.036), while L1- or E6-positive ones did not. p16-positive patients were more prevalent in the OPC (29.8%) than the non-OPC group (7.3%) (p<0.0001) and its prognostic value was not superior to that of E1. However, the multivariate Cox analysis which included E1, L1, E6 status and p16 expression did not show a significant p value. Conclusions Though HPV16 positivity measured by DNA-PCR was higher for L1 and E6, they performed weakly as prognosticators; E1 might become a strong prognostic marker for OS and PFS in OPCs.