bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preterm Preeclampsia Screening and Prevention: A Comprehensive Approach Integrating Precision Medicine in A Real-world Setting
Authors: Ronzoni Stefania , BSc Shamim Rashid , NP Aimee Santoro , Mei-Dan Elad , Barrett Jon , Okun Nanette , Huang Tianhua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Preeclampsia significantly impacts maternal and perinatal health. Early screening using advanced models and primary prevention with low-dose acetylsalicylic acid for high-risk populations are crucial to reduce the disease’s incidence. This study assesses the feasibility of implementing first-trimester aneuploidy screening concurrent with preterm preeclampsia prevention by leveraging information from the former and integrating precision medicine in a real-world setting with spatial separation between laboratory and clinical sites.
Methods
A prospective cohort study involved pregnant individuals undergoing nuchal translucency scans between 11 and 14 weeks. Risk for preterm preeclampsia was assessed using the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm, which includes maternal risk factors, uterine artery Doppler, mean arterial pressure and serum markers. High-risk patients were offered low-dose acetylsalicylic acid prophylaxis. Feasibility outcomes, such as recruitment rates, protocol adherence, operational impact, integration with existing workflows, screening performance and pregnancy outcomes, were evaluated.
Results
Out of 974 participants, 15.6% were high-risk. The study achieved high recruitment (82.1%) and adherence rates, with 95.4% of high-risk patients prescribed low-dose acetylsalicylic acid. Screening performance, adjusted for low-dose acetylsalicylic acid use, showed a detection rate of 88.9–90% for preterm preeclampsia. High-risk patients had higher incidences of adverse outcomes, including preterm preeclampsia, preterm delivery, and low birth weight. The integration of preeclampsia screening had a minimal effect on the time required for aneuploidy screening, with results obtained within a rapid turnaround time.
Conclusions
The study confirms the feasibility of integrating comprehensive preeclampsia screening into clinical practice, notwithstanding spatial separation between laboratory and clinical settings. It underscores the need for broader adoption and enhanced infrastructure to optimize patient care and outcomes across diverse healthcare settings.
Trial registration:
Clinical trial: NCT04412681 (2020-06-02)
Dysregulation of the tumor suppressor Menin and its target Bach2 in HTLV-1 infection
Authors: Sejima Hiroe , Naito Tadasuke , Fukushima Takuya , Saito Mineki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The tumor suppressor Menin, prone to mutations in both hereditary and sporadic endocrine tumors, along with its direct target Bach2, plays a crucial role in preventing autoimmunity by regulating CD4+ T cell senescence and maintaining cytokine homeostasis. Since human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) primarily infects CD4+ T cells, and its dysregulation contributes to both the hematological malignancy of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), we examined the involvement of the Menin-Bach2 pathway in HTLV-1 infection.
Methods
The mRNA expression of menin and bach2in HTLV-1-infected and uninfected human T-cell lines, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with ATL, HAM/TSP, and asymptomatic carriers were analyzed. Additionally, interactions between Menin or Bach2 and the Tax or HBZ; the subcellular localization of these proteins; the effect of knockdown of menin, tax, and HBZ genes; and the effects of interaction inhibitors between menin and its cofactor, mixed lineage leukemia (MLL), on the proliferation of HTLV-1-infected T cells were evaluated.
Results
The findings were as follows: (1) In all eight HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines tested, Menin protein was expressed, whereas Bach2 expression was absent in five of them; (2) the mRNA levels of both menin and bach2 significantly decreased in PBMCs from patients with HAM/TSP and ATL; (3) Tax and HBZ each physically interacted with both Menin and Bach2; (4) knockdown of tax, but not HBZ, downregulated Bach2, but not Menin expression in HTLV-1-transformed T-cell lines MT-2 and SLB-1; (5) knockdown of menin downregulated Bach2 expression in MT-2 but not in SLB-1; (6) A Menin-MLL interaction inhibitor suppressed cell growth of MT-2 but not in SLB-1; (7) HBZ and Menin exhibited different subcellular localization between MT-2 and SLB-1.
Conclusions
HTLV-1 infection alters the regulation of the Menin-Bach2 pathway, which controls cell proliferation. The Menin-MLL interaction inhibitor loses its effectiveness in suppressing cell proliferation when Menin loses control over Bach2 expression. Dysregulation of the Menin-Bach2 pathway may contribute to HTLV-1-associated disease pathogenesis.
Proinflammatory effect of telopeptides derived from collagen type II on articular cartilage of patients receiving total arthroplasty
Authors: Mao Jiamin , Wang Quanming , Lu Yubo , Chen Bowen , Xu Ruiyang , Ding Lei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective and design: To determine whether telopeptides of collagen type II could induce osteoarthritic cartilage damage via receptor for the native protein by using human articular cartilage.
Material or subjects: Cartilage slices were harvested from patients receiving total arthroplasty.
Treatment: Cartilage tissue cultures or primary chondrocyte cultures were treated with 30 µM N- or C-telopeptide (NT or CT) for 7 days or for 24 hrs.
Methods: Loss of proteoglycan (PG) from cartilage were evaluated with DMMB assay. Conditioned media or cell lysates were measured for levels of MMPs-3&13 or integrin beta1 (ITGB1) with Western blotting or real-time PCR.
Results: Both NT and CT could induce significant loss of PG from cartilage than controls (12.96 ± 5.38 µg PG/mg wet cartilage in CT group vs. 22.33 ± 7.75 µg PG/mg wet cartilage in scrambled CT group; P = 0.047). Up-regulation of MMPs-3 &13 was induced by either NT or CT at 24 hr (chondrocyte cultures) or Days 4 and 7 post-treatment (cartilage cultures). CT induced stronger expression of ITGB1 in chondrocytes than did NT.
Conclusions: Telopeptides of collagen type II could damage human articular cartilage and up-regulate MMPs-3 and -13. The proinflammatory effect of CT might be mediated by ITGB1.
Uptake of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) in pregnancy and associated factors in a malaria endemic setting of Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Ajonina Marcelus U. , Ajonina-Ekoti Irene U. , Ngulefac John , Fosah Sharlot , Ware Kenric B. , Nche Clorinda M. , Nfor Carine K. , Ayim Martin , Apinjoh Tobias O. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) is a public health issue that poses risks to maternal and fetal health. Although the World Health Organization recommends intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) to prevent MiP, its uptake remains low among endemic countries. This study aimed to evaluate IPTp-SP uptake and factors associated with its use at Bonassama District Hospital (BDH) in the Littoral Region of Cameroon.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at BDH from March to June 2022. Data were collected from antenatal care (ANC) attendees who were more than 30 weeks pregnant. Asymptomatic malaria infections were assessed using PfHRP2/pLDH diagnostic testing. Pearson Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests evaluated associations, while binary logistic regression assessed predictors of optimal IPTp-SP uptake, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: Of the 393 participants, 273(69.5%, 95%CI: 64.7-74.0) received optimal IPTp-SP dosing. Predictors of IPTp-SP optimization were: level of education, religion, gravida, parity, gestational age at first ANC, number of ANC visits and maternal knowledge of optimal SP dose. Women who had taken at least three doses of IPTp-SP had less P. falciparum infections (aOR =2.6, 95% CI:1.65-4.14, p < 0.001). Primigravida women (aOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.69-5.98, p < 0.001), who started ANC during the first trimester of pregnancy (aOR = 28.5, 95% CI: 12.58-64.58, p <0.001), with ≥ 4 ANC visits (aOR = 16.7, 95% CI 7.9–35.3, p < 0.001) and had good knowledge of optimal SP dosing required during pregnancy (aOR =3.2, 95% CI: 2.0-5.22, p < 0.001) were more likely to receive optimal IPTp-SP dosing. IPTp-SP uptake was not associated with utilization of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) (p>0.05).
Conclusion: This study revealed that the optimal uptake of IPTp-SP was below the nationwide 80% coverage target set for 2030. This reinforces the urgency to promote early and frequent ANC visits. Additionally, there is a continuous need for health education highlighting the importance of IPTp-SP uptake and the use of LLINs as essential strategies to reduce MiP.
Disseminated Infection Characterization on FDG-PET/CT: Clinico-laboratory-radiological Correlation Unraveling the Complexity.
Authors: Sarwal Tanvi , Taywade Sameer , Majeed Althaf K , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Bharat 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

18F FDG PET/CT is a hybrid imaging technique traditionally used for various oncological indications. Recent advances have broadened its use to various non-oncological indications, such as infections and inflammatory diseases. While FDG uptake indicates increased metabolic activity, however the uptake of FDG is not specific, and it is not possible to distinguish separate infections on the basis of FDG uptake alone. We present a case, wherein through critical analysis of PET/CTimages, and correlation with patient’s clinical and laboratory data, we were able to identify three distinct infections on FDG PET/CT.
Integrating Structured and Unstructured Data for Predicting Emergency Severity: A Combined Predictive and Association Study Using NLP Models
Authors: Zhang Xingyu , Wang Yanshan , Jiang Yun , Pacella Charissa B. , Zhang Wenbin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Efficient triage in emergency departments (EDs) is critical for timely and appropriate care. Traditional triage systems primarily rely on structured data, but the increasing availability of unstructured data, such as clinical notes, presents an opportunity to enhance predictive models for assessing emergency severity and to explore associations between patient characteristics and severity outcomes.
Methods
This study utilized data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey - Emergency Department (NHAMCS-ED) for the year 2021 to develop and compare models predicting emergency severity. The severity scores were categorized into two groups: urgent (scores 1–3) and non-urgent (scores 4–5). We employed both structured data (e.g., demographics, vital signs, medical history) and unstructured data (e.g., chief complaints) processed through a Transformer-based Natural Language Processing (NLP) model (BERT). Three models were developed: a structured data model, an unstructured data model, and two combined models integrating both data types. Additionally, we performed an association analysis to identify significant predictors of emergency severity.
Results
The study included 8,716 adult patients, of whom 74.6% were classified as urgent. Association analysis revealed significant predictors of emergency severity, including older age (OR = 2.13 for patients 65+), higher heart rate (OR = 1.56 for heart rates > 90 bpm), and specific chronic conditions such as chronic kidney disease (OR = 2.28) and coronary artery disease (OR = 2.55). The structured data model achieved an AUC of 0.70 and an accuracy of 0.63, while the unstructured data model using BERT showed improved performance with an AUC of 0.76 and an accuracy of 0.70. The combined model integrating structured and unstructured data demonstrated the highest performance, with an AUC of 0.79 and an accuracy of 0.73.
Conclusions
The integration of structured and unstructured data significantly enhances the prediction of emergency severity in ED settings and reveals important associations between patient characteristics and severity outcomes. This approach underscores the value of combining comprehensive data integration with association analysis to improve clinical decision support systems, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and resource allocation in emergency care.
Niraparib Enhances and Synergizes with Ganglioside GD2 to Potentiate its Inhibitory Effect on Bladder Cancer Cells
Authors: Lu Shan , Gao Xiaojia , Li Xin , Zhao Hongchao , Lu Hongda 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
This study aimed to study the inhibitory effect of niraparib alone or in combination
with GD2 specific antibody on Bladder Cancer (BCa).

Methods:
The migration ability of BCa cells was assessed through a scratch assay. CCK-8 assay
was performed to evaluate the viability of BCa cells, and Transwell invasion assays were utilized
to examine invasive capacity. The expression levels of E-cadherin and vimentin in BCa cells
were measured using QRT-PCR.

Results:
Western blot showed the EMT level to be the lowest in the niraparib+GD2 group. The
transwell invasion assay suggested that the invasion ability of BCa cells was weakened in the niraparib+
GD2 group. CCK8 assay indicated that the proliferation ability of BCa cells was decreased.
Scratch test suggested that the migration ability of BCa cells was weakened. PCR result
showed that the niraparib + GD2 group had the most significant inhibitory effect on mRNA expression
of EMT markers.

Conclusion:
Niraparib combined with a GD2-specific antibody exerted a more prominent inhibitory
effect on BCa.

other:
N/A
Novel Quinoline Nitrate Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of their Anticancer Activity with a Focus on Molecular Docking and NO Release
Authors: Thanneeru Venkata Sowjanya , Panigrahi Naresh 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Nitric Oxide (NO) has recently gained recognition as a promising approach
in the field of cancer therapy. The quinoline scaffold is pivotal in cancer drug research and is known
for its versatility and diverse mechanisms of action.

Objective:
This study presents the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of novel quinoline nitrate
derivatives as potential anticancer agents.

Methods:
The compounds were synthesized through a multi-step process involving the preparation
of substituted 1-(2-aminophenyl) ethan-1-one, followed by the synthesis of substituted 2-
(chloromethyl)-3,4-dimethylquinolines, and finally, the formation of substituted (3,4-
dimethylquinolin-2-yl) methyl nitrate derivatives. The synthesized compounds were characterized
using various spectroscopic techniques. Molecular docking studies were conducted to assess the
binding affinity of the compounds to the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain.

Results:
The docking scores revealed varying degrees of binding affinity, with compound 6k exhibiting
the highest score. The results suggested a correlation between molecular docking scores and anticancer
activity. Further evaluations included MTT assays to determine the cytotoxicity of the compounds
against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (A-549) and pancreatic cancer (PANC-1) cell lines.
Compounds with electron-donating groups displayed notable anticancer potential, and there was a
correlation between NO release and anticancer activity. The study also investigated nitric oxide release
from the compounds, revealing compound 6g as the highest NO releaser.

Conclusion:
The synthesized quinoline nitrate derivatives showed promising anticancer activity,
with compound 6g standing out as a potential lead compound. The correlation between molecular
docking, NO release, and anticancer activity suggests the importance of specific structural features in
the design of effective anticancer agents.
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Slow Coagulation Transscleral versus Micropulse Cyclophotocoagulation in Refractory Glaucoma
Authors: Gustianty Elsa , Rahayu Annisa , Knoch Andrew Maximilian Herman , Rifada R. Maula , Umbara Sonie 
Published: October 2024

Background
Cyclodestructive laser technology has been developed with the aim of achieving a greater reduction in Intraocular Pressure (IOP) with minimal complication. Micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) and slow-coagulation continuous-wave transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (SC-TSCPC) are considered to have less complications than conventional techniques using continuous-wave transscleral cyclophotocoagulation.

Purpose
To compare IOP reduction and complications in refractory glaucoma after SC-TSCPC and MP-TSCPC procedures.

Methods
This study is a prospective interventional study in refractory glaucoma patients. Measurement of IOP using Goldmann applanation tonometry was performed preoperatively, and all patients were monitored at days 1, 7, and 30 in the postoperative period. Success was defined as postoperative IOP reduction of > 20% from baseline with or without glaucoma medication. Complications were identified by evaluating subjective complaints and slit lamp examination.

Results
The study included a total of 66 eyes, with 33 eyes in each group. Baseline IOP was 50.58 ± 9.937 mmHg and 48.45 ± 12.792 mmHg in SC-TSCPC and MP-TSCPC group, respectively. The mean IOP reduction was 27.44 ± 19.96% vs 14.39 ± 23.52% (p=0.018) in day 1, 46.19 ± 27, 7 3% vs 45.83 ± 24,80% (p=0,956) in day 7 and 46.49 ± 24.63% vs 27.09 ± 23.86% in day 30 (p=0.002), in SC-TSCPC and MP-TSCPC group respectively. Complications between groups were not significantly different. However, hypotonia (IOP < 6 mmHg) was found in the SC-TSCPC group.

Conclusion
SC-TSCPC showed greater IOP reduction than MP-TSCPC, with no significant differences in complications between the two groups.
Research Progress on the Formation of C-C Bonds through Photoinduced Cross-coupling Reactions Involving Katritzky Salts
Authors: Li Qinghan , Han Yaning , Pu Jiaxia , Jia Xiaoying , Han Lirong , Hou Jinsong , Wei Liuxian , Ma Wanchao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
In recent years, photochemical organic conversion promoted by visible light has attracted
the interest of many organic chemists. Compared with the traditional methods, visible
light as the photocatalytic oxidation of renewable energy has been proved to be a mild and powerful
tool that can promote the activation of organic molecules through the single electron
transfer (SET) process. Katritzky salt has been widely used in organic synthesis and drug preparation
due to its convenient synthesis, easy availability of raw materials and high stability. These
large Katritzky salts derived from amines can easily generate carbon radicals and conduct various
organic conversion reactions. At present, this research has become an important research field
of organic synthesis. This paper reviews the research results of coupling reactions of Carbon-
Carbon bond formation involving visible light promoted Katritzky salts since 2020, and discusses
representative examples and reaction mechanisms.
HLA Genetic Variants in COVID-19 Susceptibility: Assessing Diversity in Indian and Global Populations
Authors: Raju Kamaraj 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has had a global impact on various
ethnic groups. In order to assess the genetic predisposition of the Indian population towards
COVID-19, a comparative analysis was conducted using the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) to
investigate the frequencies of polymorphisms directly or potentially associated with COVID-19 susceptibility,
severity, immune response, and fatal outcomes in comparison to other major populations.

Objectives:
The objective of this study is to evaluate the genetic predisposition of the Indian population
to COVID-19 by analyzing the frequencies and associations of Human Leukocyte Antigen
(HLA) polymorphisms. In addition, by delineating the role of specific HLA variants in the Indian
context, the study seeks to enhance our understanding of genetic factors influencing COVID-19 impact
and contribute to personalized approaches for disease management and prevention across diverse
ethnic groups. Methods: We collected allelic information for DRB1 gene from 653 populations
globally, as documented in The Allele Frequency Net Database (AFND). Data on COVID-19
susceptibility, severity, mortality, and protective factors were obtained from a previous global study.
This study aimed to compare the specific frequencies of HLA-DRB1* in different ethnic groups,
including other Indian populations with COVID-19-associated alleles and protective factors.

Results:
HLA-DRB1*01 was identified as a significant determinant of COVID-19 susceptibility
among patients in 28 states of Mexico, whereas DRB1*08 in Saudi Arabian populations,
DRB1*09:01 in Japanese populations, and DRB1*15:01 in Italian populations also showed this association.
Likewise, DRB1*04 in the Iranian population played a role in disease severity, and
DRB1*08 in the Italian population was associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. In addition,
alleles DRB1*01:01 and DRB1*04:01 were found to exhibit a protective role in Northeast England,
whereas DRB1*04 demonstrated protective effects in Saudi Arabian populations.

Conclusion:
The involvement of HLA in COVID-19 requires further investigation, and epidemiological
studies should focus on HLA profiles as determinants of the host immune system. Prolonged
homozygosity in particular genomic regions could potentially increase susceptibility to COVID-19
infection. Therefore, prudent management strategies are recommended for this pandemic in isolated
communities in India and worldwide.
RUMAH GADANG: CONTEXTUAL MATHEMATICS IN A SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT FOR NUMERACY ASSESSMENT
Authors: Usman Zea Zisman , Rahman Hadi Nur 
Published: October 2024

Numeracy is an important competency that is measured by Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM/Minimum Competency Assessment). To improve student numeracy, innovation is needed in learning mathematics, one of which is by using Ethnomathematics. The cultural object that becomes the benchmark is Rumah Gadang. Before producing effective and efficient models, devices, and learning methods based on the ethnomathematics of Rumah Gadang oriented to student numeracy, it is necessary to conduct a study first, so this research aims to conduct a literature review related to numeracy in the Rumah Gadang. The data collection method is a literature study, where the data is analyzed through three stages, namely Data Reduction, Data Presentation and Verification. Based on this research, it was found that the results of the researchers' contextual exploration of Rumah Gadang can be associated with 4 domains of mathematics material, namely numbers, geometry and measurement, algebra and data and uncertainty. Therefore, Rumah Gadang can be used as a learning material that is quite varied in terms of contextual in ethnomathematics-based mathematics learning, especially in terms of writing socio-cultural context questions in a numeracy assessment.