bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts and Pathways of Behavioral Activation on Psychological Distress Among Patients Diagnosed With Esophageal and Gastric Cancer in China: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Huang Runze , Li Anlong , Ge Han , Liu Lijun , Cheng Ling , Zhang Mingjun , Cheng Huaidong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of behavioral activation (BA), a novel psychological intervention, in ameliorating psychological distress and anxiety symptoms among patients diagnosed with esophageal and gastric cancer, as well as the mediating role of self‐efficacy between BA and psychological distress.MethodsA total of 139 patients diagnosed with esophageal and gastric cancer were recruited in China from March 2023 to October 2023 and randomly assigned to either the BA plus care as usual group (BA+CAU group) or the care as usual group (CAU group). Pre‐ and post‐intervention questionnaires, including the Psychological Distress Thermometer (DT), Generalized anxiety disorder 7‐item (GAD‐7) Scale, General Self‐Efficacy Scale (GSES) and the activation subscale of Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS‐A), were administered.ResultsGeneralized estimating equation analyses revealed that, compared to usual care alone, combining BA with usual care significantly ameliorated psychological distress, anxiety as well as improved self‐efficacy and activation. The mediation analysis revealed that self‐efficacy served as a mediator in the relationship between activation and psychological distress.ConclusionsBA primarily based on telephone or WeChat can not only directly ameliorates psychological distress and anxiety symptoms in patients with esophageal cancer and gastric cancer but also indirectly alleviates psychological distress by enhancing self‐efficacy. The study also demonstrates the potential of BA in cancer patients, a skill that can be effectively acquired by primary care workers without specialized training and implemented more flexible.Trial Registration: NCT06348940
Gastric Mucosal Status and Risk of Gastric Cancer in High‐Risk Individuals: A Population‐Based, Multicenter Prospective Study in China
Authors: Liu Han , Song Song , Geng Xianyi , Chen Ru , Zheng Rongshou , Wei Wenqiang , Li Ni , Chen Wanqing , Ren Jiansong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study explored the distributions of gastric mucosal status and their links to gastric cancer within urban high‐risk individuals in China.MethodsFrom 2014 to 2015, a questionnaire survey was administered among individuals aged 40 to 69 years, residing for over 3 years in seven selected cities across China. Utilizing the questionnaire data, high‐risk individuals for gastric cancer were screened. These identified high‐risk individuals were invited to undergo endoscopy, followed by pathological examinations conducted for those with suspicious lesions. Prior cancer patients and those newly diagnosed with gastric cancer were excluded, and the remaining endoscopic participants were prospectively followed up until December 2021.ResultsThe prospective study followed 8911 individuals at high risk of gastric cancer for a median duration of 6.77 years. The incidence density of gastric cancer was 58.55 per 100,000 person‐years. At baseline, the distributions of subjects across normal gastric mucosa, gastritis/ulcer/polyp, atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia, and intraepithelial neoplasia groups were 47.09%, 36.27%, 9.57%, and 7.07%, respectively. Compared with normal gastric mucosa, the hazard ratios (HRs) for gastric cancer in the other groups were 0.89 [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.38–2.08], 1.52 (95%CI: 0.50–4.66), and 4.63 (95%CI: 1.98–10.82). When using the 40–54 age group as the reference, the HR for 55–69 age group was 3.49 (95%CI: 1.52–7.98).ConclusionAmong high‐risk individuals with gastric cancer, the proportions of individuals exhibiting different gastric mucosal status inversely correlated with the severity of mucosal lesions, whereas the risk of gastric cancer progressively escalated with the increasing severity of mucosal lesions and advancing age.
Gelation and dough‐forming properties of canary seed protein concentrate in comparison with commercial soy protein concentrate and vital wheat gluten
Authors: Perera Suneru P. , Briggs Connie , Hucl Pierre , L'Hocine Lamia , Nickerson Michael T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn this study, a lab‐scale process was developed to aqueously de‐oil canary seed (yellow and brown‐seeded) flour and derive a protein concentrate. The protein concentrates prepared were evaluated for their gelation and bread dough‐forming properties.FindingsThe aqueous process successfully reduced the oil content in both yellow‐seed and brown‐seed roller‐milled flour. The protein concentrate prepared from yellow‐seed flour and brown‐seed flour had 74.9% and 68.6% purity (dry weight basis), respectively. Proteins showed high resistance to thermal denaturation (peak denaturation at 107°C). It was found that the least gelation concentration of both protein concentrates was 16% (w/w). There were no significant differences in viscoelastic properties and water holding capacity between the protein gels of these two canary seed types and the addition of salt did not noticeably improve these properties. Compared to canary seed, commercial soy protein showed better gelation properties. Both yellow and brown canary seed protein showed a good potential for improving bread dough strength when incorporated into a low‐gluten‐strength wheat flour and was comparable to commercial vital wheat gluten at 1%–3% (w/w) inclusion levels.ConclusionsThe new canary seed protein ingredients prepared by the solvent‐free aqueous‐based process hold good potential for application in food formulation based on their gelation and bread dough‐forming properties.Significance and NoveltyThe gelation and dough‐forming properties of canary seed were not previously studied; therefore, this study provides an insight into those properties for potential food applications for canary seed proteins, which is important for canary seed market diversification as a novel protein source.
Monomeric Metal Species for Low‐Temperature Methane Oxidation
Authors: Yu Tao , Jiang Yue , Luo Wenhao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDirect oxidation of methane into value‐added chemicals is considered as one of the holy grails in chemistry and catalysis. Considerable efforts have been devoted to developing advanced catalyst systems operated under mild conditions, and mononuclear metal species, which are currently in the spotlight of methane oxidation, have shown great advantages and addressed significant attention. In this concept, we highlight the recent breakthroughs and developments in monomeric metal species for low‐temperature (<100 °C) methane oxidation. Emphasis is put on the identification and validation of monomeric metal species as the intrinsic active sites. Promising characterization approaches for identifying catalytically relevant features of physicochemical properties of monomeric metal species are discussed, as well as the emerging insights on the development of in situ characterization technologies. Finally, the open challenges and outlooks for rational development of monomeric metal catalysts for methane valorization are examined for guiding further developments and inspiring the future work.
Spin Crossover and Its Application in Organometallic Catalysis: Concepts and Recent Progress
Authors: He Peng , Zhu Shou‐Fei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpin crossover is one of the most important properties of open‐shell metal complexes. In organometallic catalytic reactions, catalysts can alter reaction kinetics by spin crossover, i. e., accelerating or hindering the reaction progression, as well as altering reaction pathways, modulating the reaction selectivity or promoting new reactions. This personal account outlines the introduction and development of important concepts such as “two‐state reactivity” involving spin crossover, and proposes a new concept, “spin‐responsive catalysis” to summarize the catalytic processes in which spin effects are present. Finally, the electronic mechanism of spin crossover accelerating the reaction and the role of spin crossover in changing the reaction path and regulating the reaction selectivity are introduced by taking two recent typical iron‐catalyzed reactions recently reported by our group as examples.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐Oxindoles via Ni‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Aromatic Bromides to α‐Ketoamides
Authors: Tian Jiangyan , Li Xuening , Shou Tao , Li Wendian , Lv Hui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNickel‐catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular addition of aryl halides to α‐ketoamides has been achieved to afford chiral 3‐substituted‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles in excellent yields and high enantioselectivities (up to 99 % yield and 98 % ee), which provides efficient access to valuable molecules containing 3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindole core. The gram‐scale reaction proved the potential utility of the methodology.
Protocol: Assessing the outcomes and impact of professional doctorate programmes in health and social care on the individual, their profession, their employing organisation and wider society: A comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Chapman Hazel M. , McSherry Robert , Bettany‐Saltikov Josette , Mohan Mridula , Spencer Debbie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. This review's objectives are to find out (in relation to health and/or social care): (1) What is known about the outcomes and impact of completing (or not completing) a professional doctorate in health and/or social care on the individual professional? (2) What is known about the outcome and impact of completing (or not completing) a professional doctorate in health and/or social care on the employing organisation? (3) What is known about the outcome and impact of completing (or not completing) a professional doctorate in health and/or social care on the profession? (4) What is known about the outcome and impact of completing (or not completing) a professional doctorate in health and/or social care on service users and the wider society? (5) How do we use the findings from this review to inform educators, higher education institutions, professionals, investors in employing organisations and policymakers? (6) What further research will be needed to answer any knowledge gaps or recommendations? (7) Where possible, we will identify and report on any demographic data and discuss their relevance to the impact and outcomes from professional doctorates.
Electric‐Field Controlled Switchable and Efficient Separation of Radioactive Xe/Kr on Borophene: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Zhang Wenxi , Qu Mengnan , Du Aijun , Sun Qiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe efficient and reversible separation of radioactive Xe/Kr during spent fuel reprocessing is important and challenging for the rapid development of nuclear energy. In this study, we firstly report a strategy of applying an electric field on the solid adsorbent borophene to realize efficient and switchable Xe/Kr separation via a density functional theory (DFT) investigation. Based on the calculational results, the adsorption energies for Xe and Kr on borophene without an electric field are −0.25 eV and −0.18 eV, respectively, indicating that Xe and Kr can only form weak adsorption on borophene. However, by applying an electric field (0.006 a.u.) to the systems, the adsorption energies for Xe and Kr on borophene are −0.98 eV and −0.47 eV, respectively, which shows that the interaction between Xe and borophene has increased dramatically compared with that of Kr, so Xe can be separated from radioactive Xe/Kr mixtures. What's more, when the electric field is removed, desorption of Xe from the surface of borophene is exothermic without an energy barrier. The adsorbent is recyclable. In summary, this theoretical study provides novel information for experimental researches, the highly efficient Xe/Kr separation can be controlled by turning on/off the applied electric field.
The Connections Between Alexithymia, Childhood Maltreatment, Impulsivity and Extreme Sensory Processing Patterns in Relation to Bipolar Symptoms in Inpatients With Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Aghaeimazraji Morteza , Khosravani Vahid , Samimi Ardestani Seyed Mehdi , Berk Michael , Najafi Mahmoud 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTChildhood maltreatment, alexithymia and impulsivity are related to bipolar disorder (BD), but the role of potential underlying mechanisms of this link, such as extreme sensory processing, in BD are unclear. This study compared sensory processing patterns between individuals with BD‐I or BD‐II and between those with and without alexithymia and childhood maltreatment. Additionally, the study aimed to examine the role of extreme sensory processing in the relationship between childhood trauma, alexithymia and impulsivity with both depression and mania in a sample of hospitalized individuals with BD (n = 300). Participants completed self‐report and clinician‐rated scales. Patients with BD‐II exceeded those with BD‐I in low registration, sensory sensitivity and sensation avoidance, whereas patients with BD‐I exhibited a more heightened sensation‐seeking pattern. Patients with BD who had alexithymia and a history of childhood maltreatment exhibited more heightened sensory processing patterns, apart from sensory seeking, compared to those without alexithymia and childhood maltreatment. Additionally, the same pattern was more pronounced in individuals with BD who had both alexithymia and childhood maltreatment compared to those with either condition or neither of these conditions. The pathways from childhood maltreatment and alexithymia to depressive symptoms were mediated by low registration and sensation avoidance. Sensory seeking indirectly affected the link between alexithymia and manic symptoms. Childhood maltreatment and challenges in effectively processing emotional information, along with their related hypo‐ and hypersensitivity, may characterize BD individuals and its manifestation of depressive and manic symptoms.
Using Reporter Gene Assays to Screen and Identify Chemical Compounds that Modulate Estrogen Receptor Activity
Authors: Ooka Masato , Sakamuru Srilatha , Furlow J. David , Xia Menghang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEstrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a nuclear receptor that is expressed mainly in the breast, uterus, and ovary, among several other organs. ERα plays important roles in reproduction, mammary gland formation, and glucose homeostasis. Disruption of ERα may result in adverse outcomes, such as cancer, impaired fertility, and abnormal fetal growth. Therefore, identifying compounds that modulate ERα is of great interest due to their potential‐endocrine disrupting capability and pharmaceutical applications. To rapidly test tens of thousands of compounds, high‐throughput screening assays are essential. Here, we describe high‐throughput screening methods, including plating and treatment of cells in 384‐well and 1536‐well plates and analysis of the resulting data. The two cell lines used, MCF7‐VM7Luc4E2 and HEK293‐ERα‐bla, have been described previously. MCF7‐VM7Luc4E2 cells are a stable luciferase reporter gene cell line expressing full‐length endogenous estrogen receptor in the MCF7 cell line background, and HEK293‐ERα‐bla cells stably express an ERα ligand‐binding domain/GAL4 DNA‐binding domain fusion regulating a UAS β‐lactamase reporter gene. These cell lines can be used to identify and confirm ERα modulators. Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Establishment of a high‐throughput ERα reporter gene assay with luminescence readout to identify activators and inhibitors of estrogen receptor αBasic Protocol 2: Use of an orthogonal assay with fluorescence readout to confirm potential estrogen receptor activators or inhibitors
Metal‐Free C−X Functionalization in Solid‐State via Photochemistry in Ball Mills
Authors: Spula Carolina , Becker Valentin , Talajić Gregor , Grätz Sven , Užarević Krunoslav , Borchardt Lars 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe report the first metal‐ and catalyst‐free protocol for the facile cross‐coupling of aryl halides towards C−B, C−P and C−S bonds under solid‐state ball milling conditions via UV light irradiation. The reactions can be performed in the absence of bulk solvents at room temperature in a mixer mill, yielding up to 99 % and being tolerant towards various functionalized aryl halides (X=I or Br). Furthermore, we developed a novel photoreactor design increasing the light intensity. With this we could demonstrate that our protocol surpasses classical solvent based as well as purely mechanochemical approaches in terms of green metrics and energy efficiency.
Assessing the Effect of Deep Eutectic Solvents on α‐Chymotrypsin Thermal Stability and Activity
Authors: Gajardo‐Parra Nicolás F. , Cea‐Klapp Esteban , Chandra Anshu , Canales Roberto I. , Garrido José Matías , Held Christoph , Guajardo Nadia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOptimizing the liquid reaction phase holds significant potential for enhancing the efficiency of biocatalytic processes since it determines reaction equilibrium and kinetics. This study investigates the influence of the addition of deep eutectic solvents on the stability and activity of α‐chymotrypsin, a proteolytic enzyme with industrial relevance. Deep eutectic solvents, composed of choline chloride or betaine mixed with glycerol or sorbitol, were added in the reaction phase at various concentrations. Experimental techniques, including kinetic and fluorometry, were employed to assess the α‐chymotrypsin activity, thermal stability, and unfolding reversibility. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were also conducted to assess the interactions and provide molecular‐level insights between α‐chymotrypsin and the solvent. The results showed that among all studied mixtures, adding choline chloride + sorbitol improved thermal stability up to 18 °C and reaction kinetic efficiency up to two‐fold upon adding choline chloride + glycerol. Notably, the choline chloride + sorbitol system exhibited the most substantial stabilization effect, attributed to the surface preferential accumulation of sorbitol, as corroborated by the computational analyses. This work highlights the potential of tailoring liquid reaction phase of α‐chymotrypsin catalyzed reaction using neoteric solvents such as deep eutectic solvents to enhance α‐chymotrypsin performance and stability in industrial applications.
Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm Quantization Optimized With Energy Detection Using Nonparametric Amplitude
Authors: A Darwin Nesakumar , S Rukmani Devi , T M Inbamalar , K N Pavithra 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe spectrum sensing is a major significant task in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) to avoid the unacceptable interference to primary users (PUs). Here, the threshold value determines the effectiveness of spectrum sensing and regarded as a sensing system. The fixed threshold used by the current energy detection‐based spectrum sensing (SS) techniques does not provide sufficient safety for the main users. The threshold is determined by lowering the complete probability of decision error in addition to these guidelines. Therefore, an energy detection using nonparametric amplitude quantization optimized with arithmetic optimization algorithm for enhanced spectrum sensing in CRNs (ED‐NAQ‐AOA‐SS CRN) is proposed in this paper to acquire the ideal threshold for decreasing the total error probability. The proposed method achieves greater probability of detection of 99.67%, 98.38%, 92.34%, and 97.45%, lower settling time of 98.33%, 89.34%, 83.12%, and 88.96%, and lower error rate of 93.15%, 91.25%, 79.90%, and 92.88% compared with existing techniques, like intelligent spectrum sharing and sensing in CRN with adaptive rider optimization algorithm (AROA), a novel technique for spectrum sensing in CRN utilizing fractional gray wolf optimization with the cuckoo search optimization (GWOCS), and adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference scheme depending on cooperative spectrum sensing optimization in CRNs (ANFIS).
Facies variations in gravelly cyclic steps deposited from turbidity currents: Miocene fan delta front deposits compared with a modern active fan delta, central Japan
Authors: Nakajima Takeshi , Saito Yoshiki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGravelly cyclic steps formed by turbidity currents have recently been widely recognised in the geological record. However, the comparison between modern and ancient gravelly cyclic steps remains challenging. In this study, the facies variations of gravelly cyclic steps deposited from turbidity currents in an outcrop of Miocene fan delta front deposits in central Japan are compared with the geomorphic evolution of analogous cyclic steps on the active fan delta front in modern geological systems. These cyclic steps share common characteristics in setting, grain size and dimensions, allowing direct comparison between ancient and modern examples. Repeat bathymetric surveys of the modern Kurobe River fan delta have revealed various types of upslope migrating bedforms interpreted as cyclic steps. Most of these are short‐lived due to erosion of thalwegs by powerful surge‐type turbidity currents triggered by slope failures or burial of thalwegs by deposition, possibly from river‐fed hyperpycnal flows. Such erosion and burial events occur annually on the fan delta front, resulting in compensational cycles. Sedimentary facies of the Miocene fan delta front deposits include conglomerate with a gently upslope dipping erosional base, backset‐stratified sandstone and foreset‐stratified sandstone, which are interpreted as deposits of hydraulic jumps in high‐density turbidity currents in scours on the stoss sides of cyclic steps. Parallel‐stratified conglomerate sandstone is an additional component. Although previous facies models of gravelly cyclic steps have focussed on deposits on stoss sides, a comparison of modern and ancient examples suggests that facies on the lee sides could be parallel‐stratified conglomerate sandstone and undulating bedforms, reflecting supercritical flow conditions. The present study also suggests that hyperpycnal and surge‐type high‐density turbidity currents may deposit different types of facies and play different roles in the construction and destruction of cyclic steps. The present study has significant implications for facies models of gravelly cyclic steps.