bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A daily physical activity and diet intervention for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Van Rooijen Agatha J. , Viviers Christa M. , Becker Piet J. 
Published: June 2017

Urbanisation, a sedentary lifestyle and increasing obesity due to westernization and changed eating habits have been identified as independent risk factors for diabetes in the South African population. To establish the effectiveness of a daily walk and diet education intervention program. A randomized controlled trial was performed. The study population consisted of men and women of all races, ages 40 to 65 with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) of duration at least one year attending the Steve Biko Diabetes Outpatient clinic. Patients of all weights were considered. Patients who had an HbA1c > 8 – 9.5% were included in the sample group.Four weekly group classes consisted of education considered essential for ongoing nutrition self-management and physical activity. Yamax pedometers and walk prescriptions based on the average number of steps walked in three days were used. The participants had a follow-up assessment at 16 weeks and one year. The intervention and control groups were compared with respect to changes from baseline, using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with baseline values as covariates.The difference between the intervention and control groups in the change in HbA1c from the baseline was significant at the 16-week follow-up assessment (p=0.041) and in the total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol at the one-year follow-up assessment (p =0.047; p =0.014). These results suggest that HbA1c can be improved over a period of four months. More frequent contact with the patients is necessary.
The association between psychological stress and low back pain among district hospital employees in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Olivier B. , Mudzi W. , Mamabolo M.V. , Becker P.J. 
Published: June 2017

The presence of low back pain (LBP) can be influenced by psychosocial stress experienced at work. The aim of this study was to determine the point prevalence for LBP and the psychological stress expe-rienced at work as a factor associated with the presence of LBP amongst staff employed at district hospital in Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by all participants. Results indicated that the point prevalence for LBP was 47.46%. Sixty five point five seven percent of employees who experienced stress at work all the time, suffered from LBP (p=0.001). Stress experienced at work all the time increased the risk of LBP (OR 3.47 CI 1.46 ; 8.23). A clinical recommendation resulting from this study is that healthcare providers need to include the provision of education, support and appropriate referral for patients who perceive themselves to have high levels of stress.
Mentoring and coaching in promoting publications in the Department of Physiotherapy at a local university in South Africa
Authors: Frantz J.M. , Rhoda A. , Rowe M. , Phillips J. , Karachi F. , Mlenzana N. , Pharaoh H. , Steyl T. , Struthers P. 
Published: June 2017

A growing shift towards research and evidence based practice in academia is associated with requirements to disseminate research results in the form of publication in peer reviewed journals. Mentoring has been identified as an important component of developing young authors, as it increases confidence and competence, and facilitates professional development. This led to the formation of a support group to stimulate peer-review publication in the physiotherapy department at the University of the Western Cape. The Kirkpatrick Framework of Evaluation was used to evaluate the success of the mentoring process which made use of a participatory action research methodology. The writing group consisted of nine academic members of staff and took place over ten weeks. The programme included writing, giving feedback, discussion and peer review on a weekly basis. Focus group discussions were taped and transcribed in order to evaluate the mentoring process by identifying relationships within the data and categorising key concepts, which were shaped into a thematic framework. The findings indicated that participants experienced a variety of emotions throughout the programme, with an overall feeling of personal growth by the end. In addition, participants also reported improved writing, reviewing and communication skills. Six months following the programme, six participants had submitted at least one article to a peer reviewed journal. It is clear from this study that some academics still find the task of writing and reviewing articles daunting, and that guidance and support in the form of a writing programme can be useful.
Strain experienced by caregivers of stroke survivors in the Western Cape
Authors: Hassan S. , Visagie S. , Mji G. 
Published: June 2017

Recovery after stroke is often incomplete and many stroke survivors depend on family caregivers. The demands of caring can negatively impact quality of life of these carers. This study explores levels of strain experienced by caregivers and the variables that impact on their strain. A concurrent, mixed method, descriptive design was utilized. Fifty-seven caregivers of stroke survivors who received rehabilitation at the Western Cape Rehabilitation Centre participated in the study. The Barthel Index and Caregiver Strain Index were utilised to collect quantitative data, which was statistically analysed (p <0.05). Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews and thematically analysed.Fifty eight percent of caregivers were experiencing high levels of strain. The following variables significantly impacted on strain namely, caregiver loss of employment (0.04), emotional pressure (0.01), patient residual cognitive and perceptual impairments (0.01), personality changes (0.01) and physical dependency (0.0012). According to the qualitative data the burden was aggravated by financial problems, patient perceptual problems and patient personality changes. The findings indicate the need for support after discharge, ongoing community support and respite care to enable time off for caregivers.
Indicadores sociodemográficos e de saúde de idosos portadores e não portadores de diabetes
Authors: Tavares Darlene Mara dos Santos , Rodrigues Rosalina Aparecida Partezani 
Published: June 2017

Com o avanço da idade aumenta a ocorrência do diabetes mellitus. Os serviços de saúde necessitam readequar para atender as especificidades desta demanda populacional; para tanto deverá proceder o diagnóstico de saúde da população adstrita. Objetivos: descrever as características de um grupo de idosos portadores e não portadores de diabetes mellitus, segundo as variáveis sóciodemográficas e de saúde, bem como identificar as principais diferenças entre eles. Participaram do estudo 151 sujeitos, com idades acima de 60 anos, com diabetes mellitus (Grupo 1) e 151 sem a referida doença (Grupo 2), emparelhados segundo sexo e faixa etária. Os dados foram coletados através de instrumento estruturado, no domicílio do idoso, processados no programa EPIINFO vs 6. Foi realizada análise descritiva e teste χ2 (p < 0,05). Verificou-se maior percentual para o sexo feminino (73,5%), com 1° grau incompleto (70%), renda de 1 a 2 salários mínimo. Variáveis que apresentaram diferença significativa entre os dois grupos foram: razão de aposentadoria, uso regular de medicamentos, problemas de saúde, procura por serviços públicos de saúde, atendimento e internação. O atendimento ao idoso se torna um desafio, por sua demanda crescente nos serviços de saúde frente às doenças crônicas, dentre elas, o diabetes mellitus.
Entendendo o pacto pela saúde na gestão do SUS e refletindo sua implementação
Authors: Machado Rosani Ramos , Costa Eliani , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini , Albuquerque Gelson Luiz de , Ortiga Ângela Maria Blatt 
Published: June 2017

Este texto objetiva abordar a concepção do Pacto pela Saúde, ainda que de forma breve, de modo a repassar esta informação aos profissionais da saúde, acompanhada de reflexões e questionamentos. O Pacto pela Saúde é um instrumento que vai produzir mudanças significativas nas normativas do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e comporta três dimensões: Pacto pela Vida, Pacto em Defesa do Sus e Pacto de Gestão. Visa qualificar a gestão pública do SUS para maior efetividade, eficiência e qualidade, e implicam em mudança na descentralização, regionalização, mecanismos de gestão regional e no financiamento do SUS. Levanta-se a posição dos colegiados de secretários municipais e estaduais sobre a implantação do pacto. Em seu processo apresentam-se alguns questionamentos ou dúvidas e enfatizam-se a importância de fortalecer a gestão do SUS, conceitos presentes na Constituição Federal e na Lei Orgânica da Saúde
Orientação pré-operatória da enfermeira: lembranças de pacientes
Authors: Kruse Maria Henriqueta Luce , Almeida Miriam De Abreu , Keretzky Kátia Bica , Rodrigues Eveline , Silva Flávia Pacheco da , Schenini Franciele Da Silveira , Garcia Vandréia Machado 
Published: June 2017

A experiência da cirurgia é causadora de estresse e ansiedade ao paciente e sua família. A orientação pré-operatória realizada pela enfermeira diminui a insegurança desses pacientes. Nosso objetivo foi conhecer a opinião dos pacientes sobre a orientação fornecida pela enfermeira no pré-operatório em relação ao enfrentamento do período perioperatório. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, onde foram entrevistados nove pacientes hospitalizados, em pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal, no período de março a abril de 2008. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas para a análise do conteúdo. Foram estabelecidas três categorias: Agora eu não estou lembrando, mas foi coisa boa..., onde registramos que os pacientes pouco lembravam do que lhes tinha sido dito, sendo necessários constantes estímulos para obter respostas. A segunda categoria, O doutor também conversou..., destaca a lembrança dos pacientes quanto a orientação do médico, o que enfatiza o poder do seu discurso. Na terceira categoria, Me cuidam muito bem, nada ficou faltando, é referido que a orientação ajudou no enfrentamento embora não se sentissem à vontade para opinar e sugerir o que poderia ser modificado na orientação. A pesquisa propõe discutir e revisar esta atividade da enfermeira.
A pessoa idosa e o corpo: uma transformação inevitável
Authors: Menezes Tânia Maria de Oliva , Lopes Regina Lúcia Mendonça , Azevedo Rosana Freitas 
Published: June 2017

Atualmente, as idades são percebidas como parte do passar do tempo, que é expresso no corpo das pessoas. No imaginário social, o envelhecimento é um processo marcado por desgaste, limitações, perdas físicas e de papéis sociais. As perdas são vistas como problemas de saúde, expressas, em grande parte, na aparência do corpo. Estudo descritivo, exploratório, qualitativo, de iluminação fenomenológica segundo o referencial de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, que teve como objetivo compreender a percepção que o idoso tem do próprio corpo em envelhecimento. Sete idosos, ambos os sexos, idades entre 75 a 83 anos de uma comunidade de Salvador-Bahia participaram da pesquisa. Cinco unidades de significado foram construídas. O corpo que está envelhecendo é percebido pelo idoso como corpo que traz mudanças físicas que, nem sempre, são incorporadas facilmente; apresenta perdas; tem dificuldades de perceber o envelhecimento; se mostra em descompasso com a rapidez da mente; se mostra uma realidade. Tais unidades possibilitaram a construção da unidade de significação “o corpo encarnado é percebido no processo de envelhecimento a partir de signos físicos”. Apreendeu-se que integra o processo de ser-no-mundo, vislumbrar o crescimento e o desenvolvimento como movimentos naturais do humano, pois, o envelhecimento é uma possibilidade que se apresenta.
Inside Out: An Indigenous Community Radio Response to Incarceration in Western Australia
Authors: Bracknell Clint , Kickett Casey 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
An Indigenous prison requests show in Perth, Western Australia, Inside Out has emerged as a response to the disproportionately high incarceration rates of Indigenous people in the state and is the most popular show on the community broadcaster Noongar Radio, airing across twelve prisons with more than 270 requests per week. Incorporating interviews and analysis of language and music, this article will discuss how Aboriginal people in Western Australia use Inside Out as a shared communicative resource to assist in upholding their connections to family, community, and Country, connections that can be central to Aboriginal Australian social and emotional well-being but are most often impeded by incarceration. Using language and music—mostly country music—to enact Aboriginal cultural and social connectedness, Inside Out serves vital community concerns not addressed by commercial broadcasting, while also creating representations of Aboriginal culture for non-Aboriginal listeners.
The effect of transplanting date and covering on the growth and development of melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Franczuk Jolanta , Rosa Robert , Kosterna-Kelle Edyta , Zaniewicz-Bajkowska Anna , Panasz Marzena 
Published: June 2017

The effect of different transplanting dates (May 15, May 25, and June 4) and date of polypropylene fiber removal (4 and 8 weeks after transplanting, and control without covering) on the growth, development, and yield of melon (<em>Cucumis melo</em> L.) were investigated. The experiment was carried out during 2008–2010 in eastern Poland (51°53'23.64" N, 22°27'47.96" E). Plants planted on May 15 were longer by 22% and 56%, weighed more by 39% and 76%, and their leaf area index (LAI) was higher by 24% and 117% compared to plants planted on May 24 and June 4, respectively. However, delayed planting reduced the period of growth and development by 7 and 17 days, respectively. When the covering application period was extended from 4 to 8 weeks, stem length increased by an average of 23% and LAI by 38%, but harvest was delayed by 6 days. The respective yields of melon fruits planted on May 15, May 25, and June 4 amounted to 5.09, 4.73, and 3.99 kg m<sup>−2</sup>. The covering of plants planted at each date contributed to an increase in yield and in the share of marketable fruit yield in the total yield. However, the length of the cover application period did not affect yield levels.
Catalytic Asymmetric [4+1] Cyclization of ortho‐Quinone Methides with 3‐Chlorooxindoles
Authors: Jiang Xiao‐Li , Liu Si‐Jia , Gu Yu‐Qi , Mei Guang‐Jian , Shi Feng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this work, we established catalytic asymmetric [4+1] cyclization of ortho‐quinone methides (o‐QMs) with 3‐chlorooxindoles and a catalytic asymmetric domino oxidation/[4+1] cyclization reaction of 2‐alkylphenols with 3‐chlorooxindoles, which constructed a spirooxindole‐based 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran scaffold in good yield (up to 97%), with excellent diastereoselectivity (up to >95:5 dr) and high enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). This work is not only the first highly enantioselective [4+1] cyclization of o‐QMs but has also realized the first catalytic asymmetric domino [4+1] cyclization of o‐QMs. In addition, both of the reactions provide efficient stereoselective methods for constructing spirooxindole‐based 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran scaffolds with optical purity.magnified image
Physical properties and morphology of crosslinked polyurethane synthesized from para‐phenylene diisocyanate and polyether polyol
Authors: Huan Yan , Liu Jia , Wang Jie , Wu Fan , Yang Xiaoniu 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTA series of crosslinked polyurethanes (PUs) were synthesized from para‐phenylene diisocyanate, 2‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2‐ethyl propane‐1,3‐diol (TMP), and butane‐1,4‐diol as the hard segments and poly(oxytetramethylene glycol) as the soft segments. The effects of TMP on the physical properties and microphase structure of the PUs were studied with dynamic mechanical analysis, Fourier transform infrared–attenuated total reflection spectroscopy, small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and mechanical testing. We found that the storage modulus, hydrogen bonding with carbonyl groups, SAXS intensity, and hysteresis values decreased with increasing TMP; this indicated that the degree of microphase separation decreased with the increasing crosslinking density introduced by TMP. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45241.
Programmed Site‐Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylation of Thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene
Authors: Ha Vuong T. M. , Villemin Didier , Nguyen Hung‐Huy , Le Tin Thanh , Dang Tung T. , Nguyen Hien 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMono‐, di‐, tri‐, and tetraarylated thieno[3,2‐b]thiophenes were synthesized by direct site‐selective Pd‐catalyzed C−H activation reactions with various aryl bromides in the presence of a phosphine‐free Pd(OAc)2/KOAc catalyst system inN,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc). The arylation of 2‐arylthieno[3,2‐b]thiophene took place at the C3 position if the 2‐aryl substituents possessed electron‐withdrawing groups and at the C5 position if they were bulky and possessed electron‐donating groups.
Noonan syndrome with loose anagen hair associated with trichorrhexis nodosa and trichoptilosis
Authors: Kane Jennifer , Berrebi Kristen , McLean Riley , Petkiewicz Stephanie , Hay Beverly , Martin Madelena , Wiss Karen 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of Noonan syndrome with loose anagen hair (NS/LAH), a rare variant of Noonan syndrome, with associated trichorrhexis nodosa and trichoptilosis. The SHOC2 mutation may be responsible for these additional hair shaft defects, revealing the importance of microscopic examination of hairs in these patients.
A SiOx‐Based Anode in a High‐Voltage Lithium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Elia Giuseppe Antonio , Hassoun Jusef 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA novel synthetic procedure for the preparation of a SiOx‐based nanocomposite, involving gelification of resorcinol‐formaldehyde and tetraethyl orthosilicate, is reported. The composite is characterized as an anode material in a lithium‐ion battery. The micrometric, amorphous material has a characteristic nanostructured configuration and shows an electrochemical process involving both the alloying of Li−Si and the insertion of Li into the hard carbon matrix. The electrode reveals in a lithium half‐cell a relatively low impedance and a reversible capacity ranging from 650 mAh g−1, at the lower current, to 400 mAh g−1 at high current regimes, with a cycle life extending to 200 cycles. The anode is combined with a high‐voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 spinel cathode in a 4.3 V lithium‐ion battery delivering a capacity of about 115 mAh g−1 and operating at the high rate of 5C. The suitable synthesis pathway, the low cost and the promising electrochemical behavior suggest the nanocomposite anode for application in high‐performance lithium‐ion battery.
Fe2PO5‐Encapsulated Reverse Energetic ZnO/Fe2O3 Heterojunction Nanowire for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Oxidation of Water
Authors: Qin Dong‐Dong , He Cai‐Hua , Li Yang , Trammel Antonio C. , Gu Jing , Chen Jing , Yan Yong , Shan Duo‐Liang , Wang Qiu‐Hong , Quan Jing‐Jing , Tao Chun‐Lan , Lu Xiao‐Quan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractZinc oxide is regarded as a promising candidate for application in photoelectrochemical water oxidation due to its higher electron mobility. However, its instability under alkaline conditions limits its application in a practical setting. Herein, we demonstrate an easily achieved wet‐chemical route to chemically stabilize ZnO nanowires (NWs) by protecting them with a thin layer Fe2O3 shell. This shell, in which the thickness can be tuned by varying reaction times, forms an intact interface with ZnO NWs, thus protecting ZnO from corrosion in a basic solution. The reverse energetic heterojunction nanowires are subsequently activated by introducing an amorphous iron phosphate, which substantially suppressed surface recombination as a passivation layer and improved photoelectrochemical performance as a potential catalyst. Compared with pure ZnO NWs (0.4 mA cm−2), a maximal photocurrent of 1.0 mA cm−2 is achieved with ZnO/Fe2O3 core–shell NWs and 2.3 mA cm−2 was achieved for the PH3‐treated NWs at 1.23 V versus RHE. The PH3 low‐temperature treatment creates a dual function, passivation and catalyst layer (Fe2PO5), examined by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, TEM, photoelectrochemical characterization, and impedance measurements. Such a nano‐composition design offers great promise to improve the overall performance of the photoanode material.
Cyclosporine exacerbates ketamine toxicity in zebrafish: Mechanistic studies on drug–drug interaction
Authors: Robinson Bonnie L. , Dumas Melanie , Ali Syed F. , Paule Merle G. , Gu Qiang , Kanungo Jyotshna 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCyclosporine A (CsA) is an immunosuppressive drug commonly used in organ transplant patients to prevent allograft rejections. Ketamine is a pediatric anesthetic that noncompetitively inhibits the calcium‐permeable N‐methyl‐d‐aspartic acid receptors. Adverse drug–drug interaction effects between ketamine and CsA have been reported in mammals and humans. However, the mechanism of such drug–drug interaction is unclear. We have previously reported adverse effects of combination drugs, such as verapamil/ketamine and shown the mechanism through intervention by other drugs in zebrafish embryos. Here, we show that ketamine and CsA in combination produce developmental toxicity even leading to lethality in zebrafish larvae when exposure began at 24 h post‐fertilization (hpf), whereas CsA did not cause any toxicity on its own. We also demonstrate that acetyl l‐carnitine (ALCAR) completely reversed the adverse effects. Both ketamine and CsA are CYP3A4 substrates. Although ketamine and CsA independently altered the expression of the hepatic marker CYP3A65, a zebrafish ortholog of human CYP3A4, both drugs together induced further increase in CYP3A65 expression. In the presence of ALCAR, however, CYP3A65 expression was normalized. ALCAR has been shown to prevent ketamine toxicity in mammal and zebrafish. In conclusion, CsA exacerbated ketamine toxicity and ALCAR reversed the effects. These results, providing evidence for the first time on the reversal of the adverse effects of CsA/ketamine interaction by ALCAR, would prove useful in addressing potential occurrences of such toxicities in humans. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Fabrication of in situ polymerized poly(butylene succinate‐co‐ethylene terephthalate)/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite to fibrous scaffolds for enhancement of osteogenesis
Authors: Shirali Hadi , Rafizadeh Mehdi , Afshar Taromi Faramarz , Jabbari Esmaiel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA combination of elastic poly(butylene succinate‐co‐ethylene terephthalate) and rigid nano‐hydroxyapatite were used to prepare an in‐situ synthesized nanocomposite mimicing bone structure. The microstructure, morphology, and dispersion of nanoparticles in the nanocomposites were studied using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. Then, electrospinning method was used to produce nanofiber matrix with lowest fiber diameter. Presence of chemical bonds among nanoparticles and polymer leads to the excellent particle dispersion and solution phase stability. SEM results show that continuous and bead‐free nanofibers were produced and incorporating nanoparticle slightly increased fibers diameter. Elastic modulus, tensile strength, crystallinity, hydrophilicity and hydrolytic degradability of resulted nanofiber increased with nanoparticle but elongation at break slightly decreased. Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell significantly improved by introducing nanoparticle which indicate that electrospun nanofibers could be used as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2622–2631, 2017.