bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Back-Diffusion In Crystal Growth. Eutectics
Authors: Wołczyński W. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Solute segregation/redistribution model for some eutectic alloys is presented. The differential equation for the solute micro-segregation during solidification accompanied by the back-diffusion is formulated. The solution to this equation results in the definitions of: solidification path, solid/liquid (s/l) interface path and redistribution path. An equation for the estimation of the amount of equilibrium and non-equilibrium precipitates is also delivered. It is proved that the current model is universal one. Thus, the model reduces perfectly, mathematically to both description of diffusion-less solidification and model of equilibrium solidification.
Prediction of Blended Yarn Evenness and Tensile Properties by Using Artificial Neural Network and Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Malik Samander Ali , Farooq Assad , Gereke Thomas , Cherif Chokri 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The present research work was carried out to develop the prediction models for blended ring spun yarn evenness and tensile parameters using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and multiple linear regression (MLR). Polyester/cotton blend ratio, twist multiplier, back roller hardness and break draft ratio were used as input parameters to predict yarn evenness in terms of CVm% and yarn tensile properties in terms of tenacity and elongation. Feed forward neural networks with Bayesian regularisation support were successfully trained and tested using the available experimental data. The coefficients of determination of ANN and regression models indicate that there is a strong correlation between the measured and predicted yarn characteristics with an acceptable mean absolute error values. The comparative analysis of two modelling techniques shows that the ANNs perform better than the MLR models. The relative importance of input variables was determined using rank analysis through input saliency test on optimised ANN models and standardised coefficients of regression models. These models are suitable for yarn manufacturers and can be used within the investigated knowledge domain.
Flexural Properties of Syntactic foam Reinforced by Warp Knitted Spacer Fabric
Authors: Zhi Chao , Long Hairu 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the flexural behaviours of syntactic foam reinforced by warp knitted spacer fabric (SF-WKSF). Seven kinds of SF-WKSF samples were fabricated by warp knitted spacer fabric (WKSF) with structural parameters including surface layer structures, inclination-angle and fineness of spacer yarns, different microballoons types and contents. The flexural tests were carried out and the bending properties of SF-WKSF were analysed based on the strength and modulus values obtained from the test results. It is indicated that the SF-WKSF shows higher flexural strength and modulus compared to neat syntactic foam with almost no impact on the density of composites. The results also demonstrate that the surface layer structure, inclination-angle of spacer yarns, microballons content and type have significant effects on the flexural responses of SF-WKSF. The composites exhibit better antibending capacities by selecting larger inclination-angle, closer surface layer structure, higher density and relatively higher content of S60HS microballoons.
In Vitro Degradation Behaviours of PDO Monofilament and Its Intravascular Stents with Braided Structure
Authors: Wang Cong-er , Zhang Pei-hua 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Biodegradable intravascular stent has attracted more and more focus in recent years as an effective solution for angiostenosis. Ideal stents were expected to exhibit sufficient radial force to support the vascular wall, while suitable flexibility for the angioplasty. After vascular remodeling, stents should be degraded into small molecular and be eliminated from human body, causing no potential risk. In this paper, poly-p-dioxanone (PDO) monofilament was braided into net structure with four different braiding density, two of which exhibited sufficient radial force larger than 30 kPa, and three of which showed the bending rigidity within 11.7–88.1 N•mm2. The degradation behaviors of monofilaments and stents have been observed for 16 weeks. The findings obtained indicate that degradation first occurred in morphology region, which induced temporary increase of crystallinity, monofilament bending rigidity and stent mechanical properties. During this period, monofilament tends to be hard and brittle and lost its tensile properties. Then the crystalline region was degraded and stent mechanical properties decreased. All the results reveal that the PDO intravascular stents with braided structure were able to afford at least 10 weeks of sufficient support to the vascular wall.
The Comfort Properties of Two Differential-Shrinkage Polyester Warp Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Chen Qing , Miao Xuhong , Mao Haiwen , Ma Pibo , Jiang Gaoming 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Single-layered warp knitted fabrics were produced by the 60D/36F (containing 36 filaments) polyester yarn with differential shrinkage (DS) property in this study. Due to the differential shrinkage property, the fabric becomes curly and bulkier, simulating cotton fabric in terms of its appearance and fabric handle. The performance and appearance of these DS polyester warp knitted fabrics were evaluated objectively and subjectively. The testing results demonstrated that the DS polyester warp knitted fabric had better abrasion property, worse pilling resistance due to the mechanical property of polyester yarn when compared with 100% cotton warp knitted fabric. Meanwhile, lower water vapour permeability and air resistance were found for DS polyester warp knitted fabric resulting from the dense structure of yarn shrinkage after heat-moisture treatment. Besides, the fabric handle was evaluated by Kawabata evaluation system and subject to trial under dry and wet fabric condition. DS polyester warp knitted fabrics provide better recovery under low stress mechanical pressure. The subjective evaluation result shows that the warp knitted fabrics made of DS polyester had similar handle against cotton warp knitted fabric in terms of prickle, smooth, comfort and dry feeling in both dry and wet testing conditions.
Enhanced Central System of the Traversing Rod for High-Performance Rotor Spinning Machines
Authors: Valtera Jan , Žabka Petr , Beran Jaroslav 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper deals with the improvement of central traversing system on rotor spinning machines, where rectilinear motion with variable stroke is used. A new system of traversing rod with implemented set of magnetic-mechanical energy accumulators is described. Mathematical model of this system is analysed in the MSC. Software Adams/View and verified by an experimental measurement on a real-length testing rig. Analysis results prove the enhancement of devised traversing system, where the overall dynamic force is reduced considerably. At the same time, the precision of the traversing movement over the machine length is increased. This enables to increase machine operating speed while satisfying both the maximal tensile strength of the traversing rod and also output bobbin size standards. The usage of the developed mathematical model for determination of the optimal number and distribution of accumulators over the traversing rod of optional parameters is proved. The potential of the devised system for high-performance rotor spinning machines with longer traversing rod is also discussed.
Modified Polymer Materials for Use in Selected Personal Protective Equipment Products
Authors: Irzmańska Emilia , Brochocka Agnieszka 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper discusses the methods of modification of melt-blown polymer materials by the addition of a bactericidal agent or superabsorbent directly to the fibre-forming area during the melt-blown production process. It also presents tests of textile composites designed for use in selected types of personal protective equipment worn in the workplace. One example of the application of textile composites is the protective footwear insole. The insole composites contain specially developed variants of melt-blown nonwovens made from PP, PC, and PA fibres. Microbiological, hygienic, and mechanical tests have shown that the optimum insoles for all-rubber protective footwear are those made of bioactive composites containing a PC melt-blown nonwoven. Another example of composite application is the air-purifying half mask. Filter composites contain polymer nonwovens with the addition of different quantities of a superabsorbent. They have been tested for particle penetration, airflow resistance, and moisture sorption.
Interactive near-real-time high-resolution imaging for MR-guided lumbar interventions using ZOOM imaging in an open 1.0 Tesla MRI system – initial experience
Authors: Makowski Marcus R. , Jonczyk Martin , Streitparth Florian , Guettler Felix , Rathke Hendrik , Suttmeyer Britta , Albrecht Liane , Teichgräber Ulf K. , Hamm Bernd , de Bucourt Maximilian 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDifferent techniques for magnetic resonance-guided lumbar interventions have been introduced in recent years. Appropriate pulse sequence design is crucial since high spatial resolution often comes at the cost of lower temporal resolution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of accelerated reduced field of view (ZOOM)-based imaging sequences for lumbar interventions.ZOOM imaging was used in 31 interventions (periradicular, facet joint, epidural infiltrations, and discography) performed in 24 patients (10 women, 14 men; age 43±13.3 years). Signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were determined and retrospectively compared with standard preinterventional (T2 weighted), peri-interventional (proton density), and postinterventional (spectral presaturation with inversion recovery [SPIR]) imaging. Needle artifacts were assessed by direct measurement as well as with parallel and perpendicular needle profiles. Puncture times were compared to similar interventions previously performed in our department.No significant differences in signal intensities (standard/ZOOM: 152.0/151.6; p=0.136) and CNR values (2.0/4.0; p=0.487) were identified for T2-weighted sequences. The needle artifact signal intensity was comparable (648.1/747.5; p=0.172) for peri-interventional imaging. Standard interventional (fat needle: 43.8/23.4; p<0.001; muscle needle: 6.2/2.4; p<0.001) and SPIR sequences (43.3/13.9; p=0.010) showed a higher CNR than corresponding ZOOM sequences did. Needle artifacts were larger in ZOOM (2.4 mm/2.9 mm; p=0.005). The profiles revealed that ZOOM imaging delivers more overall signal intensity. The turning points of both profiles were comparable. ZOOM reduced intervention times significantly (329.1 s/228.5 s; p=0.026).ZOOM imaging is a feasible interactive sequence for lumbar interventions. It ameliorates the tradeoff between image quality and temporal resolution. Moreover, the sequence design reduces intervention times significantly.
Comparison of the Analytical Approximation Formula and Newton's Method for Solving a Class of Nonlinear Black–Scholes Parabolic Equations
Authors: Ďuriš Karol , Tan Shih-Hau , Lai Choi-Hong , Ševčovič Daniel 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Market illiquidity,
feedback effects, presence of transaction costs, risk from unprotected portfolio and other nonlinear effects in PDE-based option pricing models can be described by solutions to the generalized Black–Scholes parabolic equation with a diffusion term nonlinearly depending on the option price itself.
In this paper, different linearization techniques such as Newton's method and the analytic asymptotic approximation formula are adopted and compared for a wide class of nonlinear Black–Scholes equations including, in particular, the market illiquidity model and the risk-adjusted pricing model. Accuracy and time complexity of both numerical methods are compared.
Furthermore, market quotes data was used to calibrate model parameters.
Mathematical Modeling of Heavy Metals Removal from Bio-film Coated Cylindrical Cement Base Waste Forms
Authors: Loney Norman W. , Tabatabaie Mojdeh 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
A mathematical description is presented for the leaching behavior of cobalt and chromium from their solidified/stabilized forms under the attack from biofilms commonly developed by acid forming bacteria such as Thiobacillus thiooxidans or Thiobacillus ferooxidans. The proposed model predicts the metals diffusion and subsequent removal from cylindrical cement waste forms using a Michaelis-Menten-type kinetics, as a special case of the widely accepted Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism at the surface of the encapsulating cylinder. The resulting nonlinear model is solved by applying boundary perturbation to reduce the nonlinear problem to an infinite series of linear problems that are solvable by Laplace transform methods. Model predictions compares well with published experimental data and confirms that a Michaelis-Menten-type kinetics is most probably the dominant mechanism for the leaching of heavy metals from cement based waste forms.
A Low Conversion Loss Eighth Harmonic Mixer with Wide Band-Stop Filters for Low Cost 94 GHz Receiver Front-Ends
Authors: Yao Changfei , Chen Zhenhua , Zhou Ming , Luo Yunsheng 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA 75–110 GHz low conversion loss (CL) eighth harmonic mixer is realized for low cost 94 GHz receiver front-ends. The mixing diodes are realized by GaAs foundry of Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute (NEDI) and its 3-D model is analyzed for impedance calculation of RF, LO, IF port. Wide band-stop filters and phase shift networks for RF and idle frequency signals recycling are designed with optimum load impedance for low CL. The measured CL of the mixers is lower than 28 dB, 18 dB, 16.5 dB in 75–110 GHz, 87–104 GHz and 90–100 GHz, respectively. The lowest tested CL is 14.7 dB at 94 GHz. The mixers are successfully applied in miniature and low cost 94 GHz receiver systems.
Loanword adaptation: Phonological and cognitive issues
Authors: Hutin Mathilde 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper, I focus on loanwords, and more specifically on the process known as loanword adaptation, namely the process by which a word’s original phonetics is altered to phonologically fit the borrowing language. More precisely, I seek to determine whether release bursts after the word-final coda in an English input might be responsible for final vowel epenthesis in the corresponding Korean output. To test this hypothesis, I compiled an original database listing English words that entered Korean until very recently. The analysis of that database actually supports the hypothesis. In a final conclusion, I discuss what this demonstration tells us about loanword adaptation and the process of borrowing from a psycholinguistic point of view. In particular, I emphasize the importance of both perception and native phonology in the process of loanword adaptation and conclude that Korean speakers seem indeed to be subject to the ‘perceptual magnet effect’, seeking (phonological) prototypes from various acoustic cues, and that so-called fine-grained phonetic detail has to be explored for a better understanding of phonological processes from a cognitive point of view.
The Relation Between Military And Civilian Actors In Military Operations
Authors: Kovanda Petr 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Looking at the current ongoing conflicts in the world, we can likely state that future armed conflicts will cover not only the solution of combat actions, but increasingly these conflicts must be addressed in cooperation with civilian actors. Although five years have passed since the introduction of the new strategic concept of NATO, which is declared for greater cooperation with civilian actors and the implementation of crisis management through a comprehensive involvement of both civilian and military components together, there are still critical issues interfere with successful collaboration to solve problems in the crisis area. One of the most important representatives of civilian actors are a humanitarian organization. And only each other getting to know can eliminate mutual distrust and thereby improve the final effect of the solving of crisis.
Developing A Collaborative Model Specific To The Field Of Defence Based On The Life Cycle Of A Cluster
Authors: Mănescu Gabriel , Kifor Claudiu-Vasile 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Clusters represent one of the defining elements of the Europe 2020 Strategy of the EU in terms of sustainable regional development due to the organizational structure, to the sphere of representativity and, not least, due to the economic policies adopted in this respect at the European level. The present paper presents the manner in which one can design a cluster-type collaborative model, specific for defence, using methods specific to modeling. The basis for the achievement of this conceptual model is the model of the cluster life cycle, a model analog to the life cycle of the product.
Aspects On The Importance Of Electronic Processing Of Information In Calculating The Profit Tax
Authors: Vlad Miranda Petronella , Ţîrlea Mariana Rodica 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The profit, according to the definition given in the Explanatory Dictionary of the Romanian language (Dex), represents a “gain” obtained in a given period of time by taxpayers, legal entities and individuals, while the total revenue achieved by economic activities performed in order to obtain income, are greater than the costs incurred to obtain the respective income. According to the regulations in effect, this gain is subject to taxation by applying a rate of 16% on the tax base. The resulted amount, represents the income tax, sum which once listed and submitted with a tax return to the tax institution, becomes a tax receivable which the state is entitled to collect.
A special importance in determining the tax base for income tax calculation, it represented by a correct electronic processing of accounting data for obtaining information in order to determine the correct amounts owed to the state and the electronic preparation and submission of tax returns.
A General Overview Of English As A Foreign Language In The Contemporary Romanian Higher Education
Authors: Ciocoi-Pop Maria-Miruna 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
It goes without saying that the lingua franca’s significance in our day and age is fundamental. International and European integration, as well as the modern process of globalization have lead to the incremented usage of the English language. As a result, English as a foreign language has become a relevant subject taught for a minimum of one year within almost all bachelor programs in the Romanian higher educational system. As an integrated part of the European Union, Romania is constantly undergoing a process of delivering higher education – services at European standards; thus, EFL courses, seminars and practical courses in Universities are becoming an important mile stone in the European development of students.
Quality Of Education – A Guarantee Of Institutional Competitiveness
Authors: Iatagan Mariana 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Starting from the three challenges in the field of the higher education: relevant character, quality and international cooperation (…), this work represents an analysis of the impact of quality culture on the increasing of Romanian universities competitiveness on the European market of education. Analyzing the literature in the branch, we find out that the main changes recorded at the level of the tertiary education are the diversification and the consistent development of education at a higher level, on the ground of the intensified difficulties as far as it regards insuring resources and an increased demand of responsibility. We are also witnesses, in present, of the development of a “consumption” view over the universities and passing from a higher education for elites, to a mass one, where the performance seems often to be uncertain. As far as it concerns as suring the quality in the higher education environment, it can be noticed that its implementation is made almost in a mechanical way, on the ground of a quality management that is not enough developed and a weak involvement of direct beneficiaries in the project of the quality system. In this regard, we recommend developping of a system of total quality management at university level, beginning from the student’s needs, identifying some new performance items in education and development of some effective instruments of ensuring higher education quality.
Some Aspects Concerning The Impact Of The End Of Stroke On Hydraulic Cylinders
Authors: Hauk Niculai 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The increase of speeds for mechanical systems operated with hydraulic cylinder raises risks of mechanical impact of the end of the race. We are considering a number of measures to limit the impact intensity. Its size is estimated according to the masses in motion, to work pressures and to the geometry of the mechanism. Elasticity of the components is also an important variable. This paper presents a method which combines the classical calculation with numerical simulation systems.
Mismeasuring Humanity: Examining Indicators Through a Critical Global Studies Perspective
Authors: Darian-Smith Eve 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Social and economic indicators measure and monitor the relative level of each country’s “progress”, be this in education, poverty, mortality, gross domestic product and so on. This essay examines indicators in the contemporary development paradigm and their use by the United Nations, World Bank, NGOs and corporations, as well as their increasing presence in global governance decision-making. Drawing upon a critical global studies perspective, I argue that indicators are producing and privileging certain kinds of knowledge over other kinds of knowledge that may not be so easily “captured” by nationally structured numerical reductionism. Reflecting on the limitations of the Human Development Index and the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals, I suggest that the empirical data produced ultimately mismeasure the fullness of human experience and often undervalue non-western worldviews. I conclude by returning to the insights suggested by a global studies perspective and offer a number of recommendations for envisaging and shaping a more inclusive post-development paradigm.
1.7 What we can learn from Plants about the Creation of Values
Authors: Lemm Vanessa 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis contribution challenges the view that value creation circumscribes the realm of the human. It argues, first, that human value creation is continuous with value creation in animals and plants. Second, I argue that life is a normative force that manifests itself in and through human value creation but can also be found in the moral character of plants and animals. And, finally, that what we can learn from plants is not how and in what way we are determined by our cultural and biological history and environment but, on the contrary, how and in what way we can be free and creative as plants and become the future value creators Nietzsche envisages.