bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Traditional Retail Dilemma and Identifying Possible Solutions Based on New Retail Model: A Case Study of Chinese Market and Fresh Hema
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic and online shopping have hit traditional retail which is still struggling to transform, while academics lack an up-to-date and systematic summary of the traditional retail dilemma. In addition, the New Retail business model appears as a potential solution. However, it remains to be seen whether it can provide a more effective means for physical retailers to stay competitive. In this instance, this paper attempts to summarise the dilemma of traditional retail from the perspective of CPT theory and to identify potential solutions that emerged from the New Retail model. The author employs the case study approach to investigate the Chinese retail market and Fresh Hema. Also, the Data Analysis Spiral is used to analyse secondary data. The findings demonstrate that the retail dilemma reflects on the channel, individual, tangible, and tangible aspects and that the New Retail model can handle the majority of problems with the exception of corporate awareness and monetary issues.
An Analysis of JD.com's Transportation System in Support of Operational and Logistics Activities
Authors: Zhao Jinshan 
Published: October 2024

JD.com, also known as Jingdong, is China's largest online retailer and a leader in e-commerce, renowned for its vast selection of products, quality, and authenticity. Founded by CEO Richard Liu, JD.com has grown as a small electronics store into the third-largest Internet company globally, behind Amazon and Alphabet. It has pioneered advanced technologies like AI, robotics, and drones, transforming the retail industry. The company's extensive national distribution network covers 99% of China's population, allowing efficient deliveries, often within a day. JD.com's collaborations with Tencent, Walmart, and Google have further enhanced its logistics and customer experience. The platform's diverse transportation modes, including trucks, planes, and drones, ensure swift and reliable deliveries, while innovative self-driving trucks and automated warehouses streamline operations. JD.com continues to invest in software, data technologies, and sustainable transportation to maintain its competitive edge in the global e-commerce market.
Exploration of homosexuality based on multiple scientific aspects
Authors: Hu Ruixuan 
Published: October 2024

Homosexuality has become a heated debate in recent years and it has prevailed nowadays around the world, causing tremendous changes in the current society. In this article, homosexuality is discussed based on multiple scientific perspectives: neuroscience, genetics, and psychology. Specifically, the passage will focus on structural differences in the brain between heterosexual and homosexual people, the role of genetics in homosexuality, and psychological principles behind the curtain. As our findings have shown, there are significant disparities in brain structures, such as different GMV (Gray matter volume). They have also provided valuable insights into the relationship between certain genetic characteristics and sexual orientation. Additionally, psychological explanations and clinical issues have been revealed. Overall, this study contributes to a holistic understanding of the biological and psychological aspects of sexual orientation, presenting many worth pondering inferences.
Interleukin one beta (IL-1B) gene polymorphisms in Iraqi patients with susceptibility to develop hepatitis C infections
Authors: Kadhum Ghasaq Abdulla , Ali Al-Bedhawi Mohammed Abdalmalek 
Published: October 2024

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the main cause of chronic hepatitis, affecting an estimated 150 million people worldwide. Initial exposure to HCV is most often followed by chronic hepatitis, with only a minority of individuals spontaneously clearing the virus. This study aimed to find an associated relationship between HCV susceptibility and Polymorphic gene of IL‐1B targeting a total of 45 individuals: 30 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 15 healthy control from different cities of Iraqi recruited the Hospital for diseases of the digestive system and liver in Baghdad between November 2022 to February 2023. Genomic DNA was extracted and specific promotor sequence was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequencing then measuring serum concentrations of IL-1β by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The results revealed significant difference in serum levels of IL-1B (P≤0.01), from 1.10-+0.09 in Chronic HCV patients in comparison with its level in healthy controls 7.58± 0.28. Molecular results suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter of IL-1B is probably associated with susceptibility to HCV chronic infection according to this sample of Iraqi patients. In conclusion, the results suggested that variation in serum level and polymorphism in IL-1B is probably associated with susceptibility to hepatitis C virus chronic infection.
Overproduction Of Fibrinolysis Enzyme Produced By Mutant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Compared To Wild Type Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Authors: Mohammed Nebras Rada , Khadhim Mina Mohammed 
Published: October 2024

Objective: The aim of the study is to increase the production of fibrinolytic enzyme produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa after mutagenesis with physical mutagens compared to the wild type.
Study design: Cross-sectional in descriptive study design and case–control in analytical study design.
Backgrounds: P. aeruginosa is a ubiquitous gram-negative aerobe. Its opportunistic pathogen that infects patients with cystic fibrosis, burn, wounds, immunodeficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), cancer. Fibrinolytic enzyme is a factor that lysis fibrin clots. This fibrinolytic factor has prospective use totreat cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and heart attack. Thrombotic disorders are the main cause of death world.
Methodology: Study patients, specimens, collection of bacterial isolates. Plasma agar plate assay, Skim milk agar assay, Radial caseinolytic assay, Preparing magnetizing Water. Exposure P. aeruginosa to radioactive sources, lasers and magnetic water. Determination of optimal bacterial isolate for the fibrinolytic enzyme production.
Results: Increased when P. aeruginosa were exposed to Na23 at an efficiency of 10 µci. Also exposed to 10 ml of magnetic water during 48 hr., then exposed to a cobalt radioactive source during 3 hr., another radioactive source is Cs137, Co60 and Sr90 in 1 hr. during 48 hours with exposure to laser and magnetized water.
Conclusion: Conclude that the overproduction of fibrinolytic enzyme (clot-dissolving enzyme) increased when P. aeruginosa were exposed to Na23, Cs137, Co60 and Sr90 with exposed to laser and magnetized water in certain period.
Preparation, Identification And Biological Activity Of Some Metals Complexes With A New Ligand (4-Nitro-N-((6-Oxo-6,9-Dihydro-1H-Purin-2-Yl)Carbamothioyl)Benzamid)
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah Sh. , Sarhan Basima M. 
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to synthesize and characterize a novel guanine derivative, namely ( 4-nitro-N-((6-oxo-6,9-dihydro-1H-purin-2-yl)carbamothioyl)benzamid) (abbreviated as NPBL4). This compound possesses an intriguing chemical structure, consisting of a guanine moiety (a bicyclic heterocyclic base) linked to a benzamide group through a carbamothioyl linker. The synthesis of this nitrogenous base derivative involved two steps. Firstly 4-nitro-N-thioformylbenzamide was synthesized by reacting 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride with ammonium thiocyanate in acetone. Subsequently, the obtained 4-nitro-N-thioformylbenzamide was reacted with guanine to yield the desired ligand. In addition to the ligand synthesis, the study focused on preparing complexes of various metal ions (Mn+2, Co+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, Zn+2, Cd+2, and Pd+2) with the prepared guanine derivative. The ligand and complexes were subjected to comprehensive characterization using techniques such as infrared spectra, ultraviolet-visible spectra, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectra, elemental analysis (C.H.N.S.), molar conductivity measurement, magnetic susceptibility, atomic absorption, melting point determination, and study the biological activity for the complexes. The results of these characterization studies led to the determination of the general formulas for the prepared complexes, which were found to be [MCl2(NPB)2], where M represents the respective metal ion (Mn+2, Co+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, Zn+2, Cd+2, and Pd+2). Notably, the geometric shape of all the prepared complexes was determined to be an octahedron. In summary, this study successfully synthesized and characterized a novel guanine derivative (NPB) and investigated its complexes with various metal ions. The findings provided valuable insights into the chemical properties and structural features of these compounds.
Ceramide As A Potential Tumor Marker For Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer And Its Association With Lipid Profile
Authors: Kadhim Inaam H. , Ali Rawaa H. , Ismail Mohammed B. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent type of malignancy cancer among men worldwide. Ceramides are fatty acid derivatives of sphingoid bases, and formed not only through the de novo biosynthetic pathway, but also from the degradation of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and ceramide-1-phosphate. Dyslipidaemia is part of metabolic syndrome, characterized by an alteration of the plasma lipid profile, including Cholesterol, HDL, and triglyceride levels. Objective Evaluate serum ceramide as tumer marker of prostate cancer and its association with lipid profile. Method This case- control study was carried out at Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad and at Urology department, Ghazi Al-Hariri Hospital for surgical speciality during the period from March 2022 to May 2023. It included 120 men patients, 60 men patients who newly diagnosed to have primary prostate cancer (PCa), and 60 men were apparently healthy men. Investigations included serum measurements of ceramide by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and also measurement of lipid profile by using semi-auto biochemistry analyzer.Results The results of the present study showed that there was a significant differences in ceramide in prostate cancer patients as compared with the control group The results also showed that the S.Cholesterol, and S.Triglyceride were higher in the patients group compared to the controls group with significant statistical difference. Conclusion. According to the results obtained we can suggest that higher levels of ceramide, Cholesterol and Triglyceride may be associated with risk of prostate cancer.
Role of rs5743708 SNP in the risk of Bacterial Respiratory Infections in Children of Ramadi city/Iraq
Authors: Mohsin Entisar Abdulsattar , Abdullah Essam Mohammed , Al-Maamuri Sabah Mohsin Ali 
Published: October 2024

Background and Aim: Respiratory Infections are a major global health and financial burden, so among cause the five most common and deadly for respiratory illnesses is acute lower respiratory tract infections (RTIs), these infections claim over 4 million lives annually. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key components of the innate immune system that recognize pathogen which associated a molecular patterns) PAMPs) and initiate an immune response. Understanding the role of TLR polymorphisms in susceptibility to respiratory infections in children is important for developing strategies to prevent and treat these infections. So, the current study aims to "Investigate the potential association between TLR2 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to respiratory infections in children". Methodology: The study included collect of 300 samples with respiratory infection from both sex with range ages(1-12) years, and other 50 healthy control samples. The samples were collected from general and private hospitals in Ramadi city, Iraq. PCR was carried out using primer for gene target and amplification of target gene. Sanger Sequencing conducted with both direction for all samples. Results and Conclusion: The result of sputum culture indicate that 100 of suspected samples were positive culturing while other demonstrate a negative growth. The results analysis of sequencing according to Query and subjected samples indicated that 4 of patient have SNP of rs5743708 G>A, while there is not found in control samples, and the results of genotype frequencies analysis it was found that TLR2 polymorphism was associated with increased risk for bacterial respiratory infections in children according to under study samples, but no statistical significant differences correlation of rs5743708 G>A and infection, with adjusted odds ratio [OD:5.3; 95%Cl: 0.3-101; P: 0.2].
Evaluation of Novel Biomarker of Early Atherosclerosis in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease in Wasit Governorate
Authors: Fhadil Sajjad Abbas , Al-Moussawi Nasreen Habib Humaidan 
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate some Biomarkers in patients with athreoscelerosis in Wasit Province. Atherosclerosis is a chronic arterial disease and a major cause of vascular death. Fatty streaks in arterial walls gradually develop into atheroma and characteristic plaques. The acute rupture of these atheromatous plaques causes local thrombosis, leading to partial or total occlusion of the affected artery. The clinical consequences of these plaques depend on their site and the degree and speed of vessel occlusion . Its major clinical manifestations include ischemic heart disease (IHD), ischemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. The study took place in the a hemodialysis unit Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital in Wasit Governorate during the period from November 2023 to April 2024. This study aimed to examine risk factors (age, gender, high blood pressure, smoking, left ventricular hypertrophy, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, physical inactivity) for atherosclerosis in the general population and patients with chronic kidney disease. Also studying the effect of some novel biomarkers (Homocysteine, Fibrinogen, myeloperoxidase, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, pentraxin 3). The study include (90) samples: (60) patients suffering from early atherosclerosis and chronic kidney disease (dialysis stage) and 30 samples of healthy people (control group), their ages ranged from (40 to 70 years). The samples were divided into two age groups, where the first group had an average age of 40-55 years and the second group was 56-70 years old , the categories were divided equally into males and females Samples were collected based on the incidence of kidney disease first, and then the main risk factors of early atherosclerosis were relied upon, which are (smoking, age, sex, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, left ventricle valve, physical inactivity). The results of our study regarding diagnostic markers of atherosclerosis showed a significant increase in biomarkers (MPO, PTX3, HCy, FG and LpPLA2)of infected people at p ≥ 0.5. In patients with atherosclerosis the level of new biomarkers showed a significant increase in serum of infected people compared to healthy people at p<0.5. This is an important indication of the importance of these biomarkers in detecting the disease.
Molecular Identification and Virulence Genes Detection of Cronobacter Spp Isolated from Clinical Cases in Infants Under Two Years in Mosul City, Iraq
Authors: Alumary Muntaha Mohammed Salih , Almola Shakir Ghazi Gergees 
Published: October 2024

Cronobacter spp. are facultative-anaerobic non-spore forming Gram-negative bacteria, that are part of the Enterobacteriaceae family. They are opportunistic organisms that occasionally cause severe infections such as meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and bloodstream infections in newborns and young children. There is a limited amount of information available about the diversity, pathogenicity, and virulence of Cronobacter species isolated from different sources. This study was conducted to isolate and identify Cronobacter spp from diﬀerent clinical cases in children under two years in Mosul city and determine some virulence genes which are indicators for their pathogenicity. One hundred and fifty clinical specimens (diarrhea, blood and cerebrospinal fluid) were collected and cultured on Enterobacter sakazakii agar (HiCrome) and trypton soy agar. Eight Cronobacter spp were isolated and presumptively identified according to their morphological characteristics on selective media and confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and direct sequencing of ropB gene. PCR was used to amplify five potential virulence genes (cpa, hly, sip, zpx, and ompA) in order to determine their presence in our strains. The results revealed that all strains exhibited ompA and zpx, however, only four C. sakazakii strains contained cpa and hly genes. The sip gene was found in only two C. malonaticus strains. Lastly, ropB gene were detected in all Cronobacter spp isolated. Identification of Cronobacter from clinical specimens helps in understanding the sources and risks associated with these pathogens. By determining virulence genes, the study provides insights into how these bacteria cause disease which is crucial for developing targeted interventions and treatments. understanding the presence and characteristics of Cronobacter spp. in clinical cases informs diagnostic and treatment strategies, potentially leading to better patient outcomes.
Neonatal Jaundice Risk Factors and Multidirectional Intensive Phototherapy Management at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk City
Authors: Laylani Amal Adnan , Hameed Numan Nafie , Al-Azzawy Muhannad Abdullah 
Published: October 2024

Background: A common illness in infants, neonatal jaundice is caused by high bilirubin levels in the first few days of life, which results in yellowing of the skin and eyes. Aim: This study aims to explore neonatal jaundice risk factors and assess the efficacy of multidirectional intensive phototherapy management at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk City. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study spanning from April 1st, 2021, to October 1st, 2021, a total of 497 newborns were examined. Jaundiced neonates underwent intensive phototherapy utilizing the Bilisphere 360 system, which featured a chamber with 16 cylindrical, blue TL 20W/52 fluorescent tubes. The newborns were positioned on a gauze hammock suspended at the chamber's center, illuminated on all sides. Results: A study found that neonatal jaundice affects 50.70% of studied neonates, primarily in the 16-21-day age group, with males accounting for 57.95% of the sample. 94.84% of neonates experience jaundice due to ABO blood group incompatibility and 88.10% due to Rh incompatibility. Additionally, 77.78% of term deliveries are associated with jaundice. Infants with jaundice have higher Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSB) and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels and a younger mean age compared to non-jaundiced infants. Bilisphere 360 proves significantly more effective in the critical 12 to 48 hours after admission, with a mean total bilirubin of 10.71 ± 1.01 mg/dl compared to 14.65 ± 1.71 mg/dl for Neonatal Exchange Transfusions (P-Value: 0.001). Factors like blood group incompatibility, labor duration, and birth weight influence TSB levels in jaundiced neonates. The Bilisphere 360 method is found to be more effective in managing neonatal jaundice than Neonatal Exchange Transfusions in reducing total bilirubin levels.
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among Iraqi People
Authors: Jebur Raheem Sabar , ALkhafaji Dr. Ali Hussein mohammed Ali , Taresh Ooroba Jameel , Jebar Muna Sabbar 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is one of common health problems and it is found in all ethnicities and all age groups, even in countries that have sun exposure all seasons of the year. Materials and Methods: 600 healthy persons aged 3–65 years were participating in this study. All subjects were lived in Baghdad, Iraq. The subjects were divided into four groups according to age and gender. First group adult male 18-65 year contains 200 participate, second group adult female 18-65 year contains 200 participate, third group children male 3-18 year contains 100 participate and fourth group children female 3-18 year contains 100 participate. venous blood samples were used to measured 25-hydroxy (25(OH) D) levels with cobas techniques method. Results: The results showed that the vitamin D deficiency (serum 25OHD level < 20 ng/ml) is prevalence in 77% of the adult male and the mean value is 12.4 ng/ ml, and the ratio of deficiency is higher in female and reach to 87% of adult women and the mean value is 7.4 ng/ ml. Whereas the vitamin D deficiency in children is lower than adult and the results showed that the 23% of male children have deficiency with mean value 20.7 ng/ml also the female children have deficiency in 22% of them with mean value 20.4 mg/ml. The results showed there is significant differences between men and women in mean value of the serum 25OHD (12.4 vs 7.4 P> 0.01), while there are non-significant differences between children male and children female (20.7 vs 20.4 P> 0.01). Also the results showed there are significant difference between children male and adult male (20.7 vs 12.4 P> 0.01) and there are significant differences between children female and adult female (20.4 vs7.4 P>0.01) Conclusion: the deficiency of vitamin D in Baghdad, Iraq is very high in adult male and female and there is a need general education, health policies for investigation and treatment this problem.
Prevalence of ANA and Anti-GBM Antibodies among Patients with Renal Failure in Tikrit City
Authors: Ahmed Saba Talal , Salih Nadia Ibrahim 
Published: October 2024

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) people need regular hemodialysis because they have chronic renal disease, which is a major health issue. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of ANA and Anti-GBM antibodies, associated infections, and bacterial isolates in hemodialysis patients, comparing the findings with a healthy control group. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted from December 1, 2023, to May 31, 2024, at Tikrit Teaching Hospital. The study comprised a cohort of 240 patients, aged 15-75 years, who were diagnosed with chronic renal disease and were receiving hemodialysis. Additionally, a control group of 40 healthy persons was included. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technology was utilized to collect blood samples for the purpose of detecting ANA and Anti-GBM antibodies. Results: There was a modest preponderance of men in the sex distribution of hemodialysis patients. The age distribution was adequately represented throughout several decades. The investigation revealed notable disparities in the occurrence of ANA and Anti-GBM antibodies between hemodialysis patients and the control group. Out of the patients undergoing hemodialysis, 32.29% were found to have ANA antibodies, and 29.17% were found to have Anti-GBM antibodies. In contrast, none of the individuals in the control group tested positive for either type of antibody. The prevalence of Hepatitis C and B viruses among hemodialysis patients was 8.33% and 5.21% respectively. 52.08% of the patients had diabetes, whereas 57.29% had hypertension. In addition, the bacteria obtained from the mouth exhibited a varied microbial composition, with the most common species being Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus viridans. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the notable occurrence of ANA and Anti-GBM antibodies in hemodialysis patients, which is associated with a heightened susceptibility to urinary tract infections (UTIs). Implementing efficient infection control techniques and enhancing oral hygiene practices are crucial for effectively controlling infections in hemodialysis patients. Additional investigation is required to examine the intricacies of the microbial composition in this particular group and to formulate thorough measures for preventing infections.