bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The symptom experiences of Puerto Rican children undergoing cancer treatments and alleviation practices as reported by their mothers
Authors: Gonzalez‐Mercado Velda J. , Williams Phoebe D. , Williams Arthur R. , Pedro Elsa , Colon Gloria 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAlthough symptoms during cancer treatments are prevalent and are important clinical outcomes of childhood cancer, the symptom experiences of Puerto Rican children along with the symptom alleviation/care practices that parents provide during cancer treatments have received limited attention. To examine the occurrence/severity of symptoms on the Therapy‐Related Symptom Checklist‐Children (TRSC‐C), reported by mothers of Puerto Rican children undergoing cancer treatments and identifying mothers' symptom alleviation/management strategies. Descriptive study conducted between January and May 2012. Mothers of 65 Puerto Rican children/adolescents undergoing cancer treatments responded to the Spanish versions of the TRSC‐C, Symptom Alleviation: Self‐Care Methods, and a Demographic and Health form. The children/adolescents' mean age was 9.2 (1‐17) years; 62% were boys; 56 had chemotherapy; 9 had chemoradiotherapy. Children diagnoses were 35.4% leukemia, 24.6% solid tumors, 24.6% nervous system tumors, and 15.4% other. On the TRSC‐C, the symptoms experienced by 70% or more of the children were: irritability (77%), nausea (75%), and hair loss (72%). On the Symptom Alleviation: Self‐Care Methods, the most commonly reported symptom alleviation category was “taking prescribed medicines.” Puerto Rican mothers reported the use of alleviation practices to treat their children experiencing symptoms during pediatric cancer treatments. Patients and caregivers need to be educated about treatment‐induced side effects, and the life‐threatening consequences of underreporting and undermanagement. Symptoms should always be addressed at the time of initiation of primary or adjuvant cancer therapy because pretreatment symptoms may persist or get worse across the trajectory of treatment. A continuous assessment and management of symptoms during the childhood cancer trajectory can optimize clinical care and improve quality of life of patients and families.
Why do immigrants have longer periods of unemployment? Swiss evidence
Authors: Auer Daniel , Bonoli Giuliano , Fossati Flavia 
Published: December 2016

AbstractImmigrant groups, especially those originating from non‐European countries, tend to experience disadvantages in the labour market and to be overrepresented among the recipients of welfare benefits in many European countries. In the public debate, this outcome is sometimes explained with reference to migration‐related factors such as weaker work values than natives (i.e., acceptability of remaining on benefits), smaller and lower quality of informal networks and lower levels of psychological well‐being. Indeed, we find that these factors significantly influence unemployment duration in the expected direction. However, they explain only a small share of the overall disadvantage that some immigrant groups experience. We conclude that at least some of the large differences we observed in unemployment durations are likely to be due to other factors including discrimination by employers.
Poor methodological quality and reporting standards of systematic reviews in burn care management
Authors: Wasiak Jason , Tyack Zephanie , Ware Robert , Goodwin Nicholas , Faggion Clovis M 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe methodological and reporting quality of burn‐specific systematic reviews has not been established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the methodological quality of systematic reviews in burn care management. Computerised searches were performed in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE and The Cochrane Library through to February 2016 for systematic reviews relevant to burn care using medical subject and free‐text terms such as ‘burn’, ‘systematic review’ or ‘meta‐analysis’. Additional studies were identified by hand‐searching five discipline‐specific journals. Two authors independently screened papers, extracted and evaluated methodological quality using the 11‐item A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool and reporting quality using the 27‐item Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Characteristics of systematic reviews associated with methodological and reporting quality were identified. Descriptive statistics and linear regression identified features associated with improved methodological quality. A total of 60 systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. Six of the 11 AMSTAR items reporting on ‘a priori’ design, duplicate study selection, grey literature, included/excluded studies, publication bias and conflict of interest were reported in less than 50% of the systematic reviews. Of the 27 items listed for PRISMA, 13 items reporting on introduction, methods, results and the discussion were addressed in less than 50% of systematic reviews. Multivariable analyses showed that systematic reviews associated with higher methodological or reporting quality incorporated a meta‐analysis (AMSTAR regression coefficient 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.1; PRISMA regression coefficient 6·3; 95% CI: 3·8, 8·7) were published in the Cochrane library (AMSTAR regression coefficient 2·9; 95% CI: 1·6, 4·2; PRISMA regression coefficient 6·1; 95% CI: 3·1, 9·2) and included a randomised control trial (AMSTAR regression coefficient 1·4; 95%CI: 0·4, 2·4; PRISMA regression coefficient 3·4; 95% CI: 0·9, 5·8). The methodological and reporting quality of systematic reviews in burn care requires further improvement with stricter adherence by authors to the PRISMA checklist and AMSTAR tool.
Improving production efficiency in the presence of genotype by environment interactions in pig genomic selection breeding programmes
Authors: Nirea K.G. , Meuwissen T.H.E. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryWe simulated a genomic selection pig breeding schemes containing nucleus and production herds to improve feed efficiency of production pigs that were cross‐breed. Elite nucleus herds had access to high‐quality feed, and production herds were fed low‐quality feed. Feed efficiency in the nucleus herds had a heritability of 0.3 and 0.25 in the production herds. It was assumed the genetic relationships between feed efficiency in the nucleus and production were low (rg = 0.2), medium (rg = 0.5) and high (rg = 0.8). In our alternative breeding schemes, different proportion of production animals were recorded for feed efficiency and genotyped with high‐density panel of genetic markers. Genomic breeding value of the selection candidates for feed efficiency was estimated based on three different approaches. In one approach, genomic breeding value was estimated including nucleus animals in the reference population. In the second approach, the reference population was containing a mixture of nucleus and production animals. In the third approach, the reference population was only consisting of production herds. Using a mixture reference population, we generated 40–115% more genetic gain in the production environment as compared to only using nucleus reference population that were fed high‐quality feed sources when the production animals were offspring of the nucleus animals. When the production animals were grand offspring of the nucleus animals, 43–104% more genetic gain was generated. Similarly, a higher genetic gain generated in the production environment when mixed reference population was used as compared to only using production animals. This was up to 19 and 14% when the production animals were offspring and grand offspring of nucleus animals, respectively. Therefore, in genomic selection pig breeding programmes, feed efficiency traits could be improved by properly designing the reference population.
Overexpression of the metastasis‐associated gene MTA3 correlates with tumor progression and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Chuanxi , Li Guanzhen , Li Jiamei , Li Jie , Li Tao , Yu Jinyu , Qin Chengyong 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackground and AimHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and aggressive cancers in the world. However, there remains a lack of effective diagnostic and treatment markers. We aimed to explore metastasis‐associated protein 3 (MTA3) expression and function in HCC and its relationship with clinicopathological factors.MethodsWe investigated the expression pattern and clinicopathological significance of MTA3 in 90 patients with HCC via immunohistochemistry and explored MTA3 function via gene knockdown of MTA3.ResultsMTA3 was overexpressed in HCC cell nuclei and downregulated in HCC cell cytoplasm. The former finding correlated with metastasis (P = 0.010) and poor prognosis (P = 0.018). In addition, deleting MTA3 inhibited HCC cell growth, invasion, and metastasis in vitro, as shown in the colony formation, migration, and wound‐healing assays.ConclusionsThese results indicate that MTA3 is an oncogene of HCC, predicts poor prognosis of HCC, and may be a future marker of HCC treatment.
Weight Trajectory over 20 Years and Likelihood of Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia Among Older Women
Authors: LeBlanc Erin S. , Rizzo Joanne H. , Pedula Kathryn L. , Yaffe Kristine , Ensrud Kristine E. , Cauley Jane , Cawthon Peggy M. , Cummings Steven , Hillier Teresa A. ,   the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) Research Group
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesThe association between weight change and cognition is controversial. We examined the association between 20‐year weight change and cognitive function in late life.DesignCohort study.SettingStudy of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF).ParticipantsOne thousand two hundred eighty‐nine older, community‐dwelling women (mean baseline age 68 (65–81) and 88 (82–102) at cognitive testing).MeasurementsStudy of Osteoporotic Fractures participants had body weight measured repeatedly over 20 years (mean 8 weights). Adjudicated cognitive status was classified as normal (n = 775) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/dementia (n = 514) at Year 20. Logistic models were used to evaluate whether absolute weight change, rate of weight loss per year, presence of abrupt, unrecovered weight loss, and weight variability were associated with MCI or dementia.ResultsWomen with greater rate of weight loss over 20 years had increased chance of developing MCI or dementia. In age/education/clinic‐adjusted “base” models, each 0.5 kg/yr decrease resulted in 30% increased odds of MCI/dementia (OR = 1.30 [95% CI: 1.14, 1.49]). After adjustment for age, education, clinic, depression, and walking speed, there was 17% (OR = 1.17 [95% CI: 1.02, 1.35]) increased odds of MCI/dementia for each 0.5 kg/yr decrease in weight. In base models, variability in weight was significant. Each 1% average deviation from each woman's predicted weight curve was associated with 11% increased odds of MCI/dementia (OR = 1.11 [95% CI: 1.04, 1.18]). The estimate was attenuated after full adjustment (OR = 1.06 [95% CI: 0.99, 1.14]). The presence of an abrupt weight decline was not associated with MCI/dementia.ConclusionsRate of weight loss over 20 years was associated with development of MCI or dementia in women surviving past 80 years, suggesting that nutritional status, social‐environmental factors, and/or adipose tissue function and structure may affect cognitive function with aging.
Characteristics and sequelae of erupted supernumerary teeth: A study of 218 cases among Sri Lankan children
Authors: Herath Chandra , Jayawardena Chantha , Nagarathne Nandani , Perera Kanthi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimIn the present study, we investigated the characteristics and sequelae of erupted supernumerary teeth (ST) in a sample of Sri Lankan children.MethodsData were recorded from patients' clinical records, radiographs, models, and extracted teeth.ResultsThe sample consisted of 239 ST from 218 patients. The mean age of the sample was 9.08 ± 2.47 years. The male‐to‐female ratio was 2.8:1. The majority (42.66%) of patients with ST were in aged 8‐10 years. Many (94.94%) of the ST were located in the premaxilla (incisor), followed by the canine (4.22%), premolar (0.42%), and molar (0.42%) regions. The most common shape of ST teeth was conical. Malocclusion (59.83%) was the major problem associated with ST, and the clinical impact was highest on the 8‐10‐year age group. A strong association was observed between patients' age and clinical impact to the dentition (χ2=42.09, P=.000).ConclusionBecause the majority of ST can lead to malocclusion, especially in mixed dentition, awareness, early detection, and timely clinical intervention of ST are recommended.
Oxygen isotope thermometry using quartz inclusions in garnet
Authors: Quinn R. J. , Kitajima K. , Nakashima D. , Spicuzza M. J. , Valley J. W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOxygen isotope ratios of quartz inclusions (QI) within garnet from granulite and amphibolite facies gneisses in the Adirondack Mountains, NY were analysed and used to determine metamorphic temperatures. Primary QI for eight of 12 samples have δ18O values significantly lower than matrix quartz (MQ). The primary QI retain δ18O values representative of thermal conditions during garnet crystallization, whereas the δ18O values of MQ were raised by diffusive exchange with other matrix minerals (e.g. mica and feldspar) during cooling. The δ18O differences between QI and MQ show that garnet (a mineral with slow diffusion of oxygen) can armour QI from isotopic exchange with surrounding matrix, even during slow cooling. These differences between δ18O in MQ and QI can further be used to test cooling rates by Fast Grain Boundary diffusion modelling. Criteria for identifying QI that preserve primary compositions and are suitable for thermometry were developed based on comparative tests. Relations between δ18O and inclusion size, distance of inclusion to host–garnet rim, core–rim zonation of individual inclusions, and presence or absence of petrological features (healed cracks in QI, inclusions in contact with garnet cracks lined by secondary minerals, and secondary minerals along the inclusion grain boundary) were investigated. In this study, 61% of QI preserve primary δ18O and 39% were associated with features that were linked to reset δ18O values. If δ18O in garnet is homogeneous and inclusions are removed, laser‐fluorination δ18O values of bulk garnet are more precise, more accurate, and best for thermometry. Intragrain δ18O(Grt) profiles measured in situ by ion microprobe show no δ18O zonation. Almandine–rich garnet (Alm60–75) from each sample was measured by laser‐fluorination mass‐spectrometry (LF‐MS) for δ18O and compared with ion microprobe measurements of δ18O in QI for thermometry. The Δ18O(Qz–Grt) values for Adirondack samples range from 2.66 to 3.24‰, corresponding to temperatures of 640–740 °C (A[Qz–Alm] = 2.71). Out of 12 samples that were used for thermometry, nine are consistent with previous estimates of peak temperature (625–800 °C) based on petrological and carbon–isotope thermometry for regional granulite and upper amphibolite facies metamorphism. The three samples that disagree with independent thermometry for peak metamorphism are from the anorthosite–mangerite–charnockite–granite suite in the central Adirondacks and yield temperatures of 640–665 °C, ~100 °C lower than previous estimates. These low temperatures could be interpreted as thermal conditions during late (post‐peak) crystallization of garnet on the retrograde path.
Novel approach to uterine artery pseudoaneurysm embolization for delayed post‐partum hemorrhage
Authors: Parker Ross , Wuerdeman Marc , Grant Matthew , Kitley Charles 
Published: December 2016

AbstractUterine artery pseudoaneurysms (UAP) are a rare cause of post‐partum hemorrhage. Conservative management is discouraged due to the risk of spontaneous hemorrhage. Intra‐arterial embolization is highly successful (>90%) and offers definitive treatment. We present the case of a 27‐year‐old woman with significant delayed post‐partum hemorrhage after cesarean section who was found to have a UAP on imaging. Her tortuous vascular anatomy and spasmodic aneurysmal neck presented technical challenges to embolization with traditional material, such as gel foam and coils. Intra‐arterial thrombin was then employed with good technical and clinical outcome. To our knowledge, this is the first case describing the use of intra‐arterial thrombin in the treatment of UAP. Given its success in this case, we argue that intra‐arterial thrombin should be considered a viable alternative for embolization of UAP when more traditional techniques fail.
DEPOSITIONAL AND DIAGENETIC BARRIERS, BAFFLES AND CONDUITS: PERMIAN – CARBONIFEROUS UNAYZAH RESERVOIR, NUAYYIM FIELD, CENTRAL SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Al‐Ramadan K. , Franks S.G. , Al‐Shammari S. , Rees A. , Koeshidayatullah A. , Abu‐Khamsin S. 
Published: December 2016

The Unayzah Formation is one of the most important Palaeozoic reservoir systems in Saudi Arabia. In the Nuayyim field, Central Saudi Arabia, it produces light, sweet crude oil and consists of three main reservoir units, in descending stratigraphic order: Unayzah A, B and C. These reservoir units include a wide range of depositional facies deposited under a variety of climatic conditions, from high‐latitude glacio‐fluvial to more temperate playa/lacustrine, floodplain and braided‐fluvial to hot‐arid aeolian environments. Together with the diagenetic changes superimposed on the various depositional facies, this has produced complex reservoir heterogeneity.The effects of this diagenetic and sedimentologic complexity on reservoir quality and compartmentalization are the subject of this paper. Approximately 816 ft of core and 611 core plug samples were examined from three wells which penetrate, completely or in part, the Unayzah reservoir. We combine petrographic and scanning electron microscope analysis with porosity and permeability data and calculated pore throat dimensions to identify fluid conduits, barriers and baffles to fluid flow. A rock classification scheme is proposed which takes into account whether the pore‐level control on fluid flow is due to depositional or diagenetic processes and the composition of depositional or diagenetic phases within the pores. Distinguishing depositional versus diagenetic controls on fluid flow is important for predicting the three‐dimensional geometry of conduits, barriers and baffles, and a priori knowledge of potential reactions between injected fluids and reservoir rocks is important for designing enhanced oil recovery fluids.In the three wells studied, it appears that the Unayzah reservoir is compartmentalized vertically due to the occurrence of diagenetic and depositional barriers and baffles. There is insufficient data to assess the lateral or areal extent of the barriers, baffles and fluid conduits, but the understanding of pore‐level controls on reservoir quality and the rock classification schemes introduced here will provide a starting point for future studies. These studies should combine well logs, seismic and engineering data with data presented here to assist mapping conduits, barriers and baffles across the field. The proposed classification schemes may also prove to be useful for assessing reservoirs in other fields both within Saudi Arabia and elsewhere.
Molecular determination of kleptoplast origins from the sea slugPlakobranchus ocellatus(Sacoglossa, Gastropoda) reveals cryptic bryopsidalean (Chlorophyta) diversity in the Hawaiian Islands
Authors: Wade Rachael M. , Sherwood Alison R. 
Published: December 2016

The sacoglossan sea slug species complexPlakobranchus ocellatusis a common algivore throughout the tropical Pacific, including the Hawaiian Islands.Plakobranchus ocellatusis kleptoplastic—it sequesters and retains algal chloroplasts—a characteristic that can be exploited to molecularly characterize diminutive bryopsidalean algae that are typically difficult to locate, collect, and identify. PreviousDNAbarcode analyses of bothP. ocellatusand its kleptoplasts have been conducted primarily in the western Pacific and have only minimally sampled the most eastern populations in the Hawaiian Islands. Using two chloroplast markers,rbcL andtufA, kleptoplast samples from an Oahu population ofP. ocellatuswere amplified and cloned to identify their algal sources.Plakobranchus ocellatussequester chloroplasts from up to 11 bryopsidalean algal species, all but one being diminutive in thallus size. Notably, eight of the detected algal species were new records to the Hawaiian Islands. A sequestration preference study demonstrated that the O‘ahu population ofP. ocellatuspreferentially sequesters chloroplasts from diminutive, epilithic taxa. UsingcoxI barcoding ofP. ocellatus, we showed the O‘ahu population to be part of a clade that includes sequences from the neighboring island Maui, Australia, and the Philippines. The use ofP. ocellatusas a novel sampling tool allows the exploration of the green algal community diversity and composition at a fine scale.
Haem oxygenase‐1 polymorphisms can affect HCV replication and treatment responses with different efficacy in humanized mice
Authors: Kah Janine , Volz Tassilo , Lütgehetmann Marc , Groth Anne , Lohse Ansgar W. , Tiegs Gisa , Sass Gabriele , Dandri Maura 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackground & AimsEnhancement of host anti‐oxidant enzymes, such as haemoxygenase‐1, may attenuate virus‐mediated hepatocyte injury, while the induction of HO‐1 by cobalt‐protoporphyrin‐IX (CoPP) administration, as the application of its haem degradation product biliverdin (BV), was shown to hinder HCV replication in vitro. In addition, (GT)n‐repeats length in the polymorphic region of the HO‐1 promoter may affect HO‐1 expression and responsiveness to infection and disease severity. Aim of this study was to investigate the antiviral and hepatoprotective effects of CoPP‐mediated HO‐1 induction, alone or in combination with interferon alpha (peg‐IFNα), in HCV‐infected mice harbouring hepatocytes from donors with different HO‐1‐promoter polymorphisms.MethodsUpon establishment of HCV infection, CoPP, BV and peg‐IFNα were given alone or in combination. Viraemia changes and intrahepatic human gene expression were determined by qRT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry.ResultsCoPP administration increased human HO‐1 expression and significantly reduced viraemia, although changes correlated with promoter length (Δ0.5log and Δ2log reduction with medium‐ and short‐polymorphism respectively). Polymorphisms did not influence BV‐mediated antiviral effects (Δ1log). Notably, HO‐1 induction attenuated basal HCV‐driven enhancement of interferon genes and pro‐inflammatory cytokines, both in cells with short‐ or medium‐polymorphisms. Moreover, simultaneous administration of CoPP and peg‐IFNα reduced viraemia even stronger (median 3log), whereas 1log viraemia reduction was determined in mice receiving peg‐IFNα monotherapy.ConclusionsAlthough the protective function of HO‐1 could be elicited in vivo with both host polymorphisms, the strength of HO‐1 induction and suppression of HCV occurred in a polymorphism‐dependent manner, indicating that host‐genetic determinants may affect disease progression and infection outcome.