bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of functional training on geometric indices and fractal correlation property of heart rate variability in postmenopausal women
Authors: de Rezende Barbosa Marianne P. da C. , Vanderlei Luiz C. M. , Neves Lucas M. , Takahashi Carolina , Torquato Paula R. dos S. , Fortaleza Ana Claúdia de S. , Freitas Júnior Ismael F. , Sorpreso Isabel C. E. , Abreu Luiz C. , Pérez Riera Andrés R. 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundTo evaluate the influence of functional training on the geometric indices of heart rate variability (HRV) and fractal correlation properties of the dynamics of heart rate in menopausal women.MethodsOf 39 women who were in the period of menopause for more than a year and who did not practice any regular physical activity were divided into: Functional training group (FTG = 50 ± 4.5 years; 67.64 ± 11.64 kg; 1.5 ± 0.05 m) that executed the functional training (FT) and all proposals by reviews and the Control group (58.45 ± 4.8 years; 66.91 ± 13.24 kg; 1.55 ± 0.05 m) who performed all assessments but not FT. The training consisted of 18 weeks (three times a week) and the volunteers performed three sets of 11 functional exercises followed by a walk in each of the sessions. The autonomic nervous system modulation was evaluated by analysis of HRV and the indices obtained were: RR intervals, RRTRI, TINN, SD1, SD2, SD1/SD2, qualitative analysis of Poincaré plot and DFA (alfa‐1, alfa‐2 and alfa‐1/alfa‐2). The Student's t‐test for unpaired samples (normal data) or Mann‐Whitney test nonnormal data) were used to compare the differences obtained between the final moment and the initial moment of the studied groups (p < .05).ConclusionWere observed in the FTG: increased SD1 (CG 0.13 ± 4.00 vs. 3.60 ± 8.43), beat‐to‐beat global dispersion much greater as an increased in the dispersion of long‐term RR intervals and increased fractal properties of short‐term (α1) (CG −0.04 ± 0.13 vs. 0.07 ± 0.21). FT promoted a beneficial impact on cardiac autonomic modulation, characterized by increased parasympathetic activity and short‐term fractal properties of the dynamics of the heart rate.
Remote Ischemic Preconditioning and Clinical Outcomes in On‐Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Meta‐Analysis of 14 Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yi Bin , Wang Jianhui , Yi Dingwu , Zhu Yanling , Jiang Yumei , Li Yi , Mo Shaoyan , Liu Yi , Rong Jian 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to perform the first pooled analysis on remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) used for the improvement of clinical outcomes of patients only undergoing on‐pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic search was performed using PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science to identify studies that described the effect of RIPC on postoperative mortality in patients only undergoing on‐pump CABG. The outcomes included postoperative mortality, postoperative morbidity (including incidence of myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, stroke, acute kidney injury, and renal replacement therapy), mechanical ventilation (MV), intensive care unit length of stay (ICU LOS), and hospital length of stay (HLOS). A total of 14 RCTs (2830 participants) were included. Our meta‐analysis found that RIPC failed to reduce the postoperative mortality in patients only undergoing on‐pump CABG compared with control individuals (odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, [0.40, 1.64]; P = 0.55; I2 = 25%). Moreover, there were no differences in postoperative morbidity, ICU LOS, and HLOS between the two groups. However, MV in the RIPC group was shorter than that in control individuals (standard mean difference, −0.41; 95% confidence interval, [−0.80, −0.01]; P = 0.04; I2 = 73%). The present meta‐analysis found that RIPC failed to improve most of clinical outcomes in patients only undergoing on‐pump CABG; however, MV was reduced. Adequately powered trials are warranted to provide more evidence in the future.
Profiling the Effects of Short Time-course Cold Ischemia on Tumor Protein Phosphorylation Using a Bayesian Approach
Authors: Wu You , Gaskins Jeremy , Kong Maiying , Datta Susmita 
Published: July 2017

Summary
Phosphorylated proteins provide insight into tumor etiology and are used as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers of complex diseases. However, pre-analytic variations, such as freezing delay after biopsy acquisition, often occur in real hospital settings and potentially lead to inaccurate results. The objective of this work is to develop statistical methodology to assess the stability of phosphorylated proteins under short-time cold ischemia. We consider a hierarchical model to determine if phosphorylation abundance of a protein at a particular phosphorylation site remains constant or not during cold ischemia. When phosphorylation levels vary across time, we estimate the direction of the changes in each protein based on the maximum overall posterior probability and on the pairwise posterior probabilities, respectively. We analyze a dataset of ovarian tumor tissues that suffered cold-ischemia shock before the proteomic profiling. Gajadhar et al. (2015) applied independent clusterings for each patient because of the high heterogeneity across patients, while our proposed model shares information allowing conclusions for the entire sample population. Using the proposed model, 15 out of 32 proteins show significant changes during 1-hour cold ischemia. Through simulation studies, we conclude that our proposed methodology has a higher accuracy for detecting changes compared to an order restricted inference method. Our approach provides inference on the stability of these phosphorylated proteins, which is valuable when using these proteins as biomarkers for a disease.
Intensive cognitive therapy for post‐traumatic stress disorder in routine clinical practice: A matched comparison audit
Authors: Murray Hannah , El‐Leithy Sharif , Billings Jo 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesIntensive cognitive therapy for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been shown to be as effective as weekly treatment in controlled trials. In this study, outcome data comparing standard and intensive treatments delivered in routine clinical practice were analysed.MethodsA consecutive case series of intensive treatment cases were compared to matched control cases who had completed weekly treatment.ResultsBoth groups showed significant improvements on PTSD and depression measures. The intensive group showed larger PTSD symptomatic improvement. There were differences between the groups in age and time since trauma, suggesting selection biases in who is offered, and/or who chooses intensive treatment.ConclusionsFor some individuals, an intensive format may be more effective than weekly treatment.
Violence and Vigilance: The Acute Effects of Community Violent Crime on Sleep and Cortisol
Authors: Heissel Jennifer A. , Sharkey Patrick T. , Torrats‐Espinosa Gerard , Grant Kathryn , Adam Emma K. 
Published: July 2017

The data combine objectively measured sleep and thrice‐daily salivary cortisol collected from a 4‐day diary study in a large Midwestern city with location data on all violent crimes recorded during the same time period for N = 82 children (Mage = 14.90, range = 11.27–18.11). The primary empirical strategy uses a within‐person design to measure the change in sleep and cortisol from the person's typical pattern on the night/day immediately following a local violent crime. On the night following a violent crime, children have later bedtimes. Children also have disrupted cortisol patterns the following morning. Supplementary analyses using varying distances of the crime to the child's home address confirm more proximate crimes correspond to later bedtimes.
Labour as a Transnational Actor: Alliances, Activism and the Protection of Labour Rights in the Philippines and Pakistan
Authors: Brookes Marissa 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThis article highlights how and why the dynamics of transnational labour activism are not fully captured in theories of transnational advocacy networks (TANs). The article develops a new theoretical framework for analysing labour transnationalism that takes into account the unique capacity of workers to physically disrupt production by withdrawing their labour (structural power) and the unique capacity of organized labour to invoke employment relations institutions at the national and international levels (institutional power). It demonstrates the utility of this theoretical framework through an analysis of transnational labour campaigns spearheaded by factory workers in the Philippines and Pakistan. The case studies reveal that while transnational labour alliances (TLAs) do share some characteristics in common with TANs, the mechanisms through which TLAs sustain and escalate transnational campaigns can only be understood with reference to the unique structural and institutional capacities of labour.
Efficacy and safety of lixisenatide in a predominantly Asian population with type 2 diabetes insufficiently controlled with basal insulin: The GetGoal‐L‐C randomized trial
Authors: Yang Wenying , Min Kyungwan , Zhou Zhiguang , Li Ling , Xu XiangJin , Zhu Dalong , Venkateshwar Rao A. , Murthy Laxminarayanappa Sreenivasa , Zhang Nianxian , Li Ivy , Niemoeller Elisabeth , Shang Shuhua 
Published: July 2017

AimsTo assess the effects on glycaemic control of lixisenatide vs placebo as add‐on treatment to basal insulin (BI) ± metformin and effects on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction in patients with insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsPatients (n = 448) with inadequately controlled T2D were randomized (1:1) to lixisenatide or placebo as add‐on to BI ± metformin for 24 weeks after an 8‐week run‐in phase, during which BI was titrated to a target self‐monitored plasma glucose (SMPG; 4.4‐5.6 mmol/L). The primary endpoint was absolute change in HbA1c from baseline to week 24. Secondary efficacy endpoints included: percentage of responders; changes in 2‐hour postprandial plasma glucose (PPG); 7‐point SMPG (daily average); body weight (BW); total daily BI dose; fasting plasma glucose; and safety assessments.ResultsBaseline demographics were similar in the two treatment groups. After insulin optimization during run‐in, lixisenatide was superior to placebo in mean change from baseline (7.9% [standard deviation {s.d.}, 0.66] and 7.9% [0.70], respectively) to week 24 in HbA1c (least squares mean [standard error {s.e.}] change −0.62% [0.09] vs −0.11% [0.09]; P < .0001, respectively) and higher proportions of patients achieved HbA1c targets. Two‐hour PPG, daily mean SMPG and mean BW were reduced further and daily BI dose was lower with lixisenatide than placebo (−1.12 kg vs 0.04 kg [P < .0001]; −3.0 U vs −1.9 U [P = .0033], respectively). Treatment‐emergent adverse events were greater with lixisenatide than placebo (63.8% vs 40.8%, respectively). The incidence of symptomatic hypoglycaemia was similar (lixisenatide 15.6% vs placebo 13.5%).ConclusionsIn Asian patients insufficiently controlled on BI ± metformin, lixisenatide was superior to placebo in glycaemic control, with a tolerability profile in line with other glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists.Clinical trial numberNCT01632163 (clinicaltrials.gov).
Teaching Chinese in K–12 Schools in the United States: What Are the Challenges?
Authors: Yue Ying 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study deepens and extends research into the challenges that Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) teachers face both in terms of classroom instruction and in their work more broadly. These challenges reflect CFL teachers’ struggles to reconcile their educational beliefs, values, and experiences as teachers and learners in China with their experiences as teachers in American schools. The conflicts between the two educational systems manifest themselves in a large number and range of difficulties, including designing curriculum; selecting appealing lesson themes and choosing classroom activities, strategies, and materials that motivate students; managing student behavior; and working with parents. Cultural differences and difficulties inherent in the Chinese language are also issues for CFL teachers. Suggestions for teacher preparation, professional development programs, and school leaders as well as directions for future studies are offered.
Teaching & Learning Tips 5: Making lectures more “active”
Authors: Ko Lauren N. , Rana Jasmine , Burgin Susan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractChallenge: Although lecturing is an efficient method for the dissemination of information, it has long been criticized for learner passivity and diminished knowledge retention. Active learning strategies to engage the audience in the learning process can facilitate a bidirectional flow of ideas and content between teacher and students during a lecture to keep learners engaged and participating.
Natural antioxidants from herbs and spices improve the oxidative stability and frying performance of vegetable oils
Authors: Redondo‐Cuevas Lucía , Castellano Gloria , Raikos Vassilios 
Published: July 2017

SummaryLipid oxidation has been identified as the major deterioration process of vegetable oils. Undesirable effects are even more profound when food processing involves high temperatures in the presence of oxygen. Natural ground herbs (black pepper, ginger, turmeric, rosemary and oregano) were assessed for their antioxidant capacity, phenolic content and ability to improve the oxidative stability of vegetable oils. The most potent herb was incorporated in vegetable oils formulations which were subjected to consecutive frying cycles. The oxidative stability of the vegetable oils, the formation of conjugated dienes/trienes and the decimation of tocopherol levels after the frying process were assessed. Rosemary powder was the most effective antioxidant among the ones tested. The oxidative stability of tocopherol‐stripped corn oil with rosemary powder (1.53 ± 0.06 h) was significantly higher than the control (0.84 ± 0.02 h) and the oil with synthetic antioxidants (1.20 ± 0.03 h). Rosemary powder effectively improved the oxidative stability of sunflower (128.91%), olive (55.61%) and rapeseed (73.20%) oil during deep‐frying and prevented CD and CT formation in rapeseed oil.
Key genes of the sex pheromone biosynthesis pathway in female moths are required for pheromone quality and possibly mediate olfactory plasticity in conspecific male moths in Spodoptera litura
Authors: Lin X. , Wang B. , Du Y. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNinety sex pheromone biosynthesis genes in Spodoptera litura were identified in transcriptome data and were investigated and classified into the following five groups: fatty acid synthase, beta oxidase, fatty acyl‐coenzyme A (CoA) reductase, desaturase and acetyl‐CoA acetyltransferase. Fourteen female‐specific genes were identified through semi‐quantitative PCR, and 15 additional genes had expression levels that were 3‐ to 10‐fold higher in females than in males. The majority of the genes had higher expression levels in the sex pheromone glands. Injection of double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) against nine selected genes showed that down‐regulation of Desaturase 3 (Des3), Des5 or fatty acyl coenzyme A reductase 17 (FAR17) significantly changed the ratio of the four sex pheromone components (Z,E) ‐9,11‐tetradecadienyl acetate (Z9E11‐14:Ac), (Z,E)‐9,12‐Tetradecadienyl acetate(Z9E12–14:Ac), (Z)‐9‐tetradecenyl acetate (Z9‐14:Ac), (E)‐11‐Tetradecenyl acetate(E11–14:Ac). These key genes were differentially expressed in female moths collected from different geographical regions. Furthermore, field bioassays demonstrated geographical variation in the olfactory profile of male moths in response to the different sex pheromone mixtures, which therefore indicates that a significant variation in the sex pheromone components exists in the natural population. Our results suggest that a change in the expression of these key genes, Des3, Des5 and FAR17, in the sex pheromone biosynthesis pathway could change the ratio of the sex pheromone components. We surmise that the differential expression levels of the key genes of the sex pheromone biosynthesis pathway may lead to differential ratios of the sex pheromones in the field. Our field trapping experiment suggested that the change of the ratio of the sex pheromone components may have been adapted by the olfactory system and possibly mediate olfactory plasticity in conspecific male moths.
The Need for a Preference‐Based Multicriteria Prioritization Framework in Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment
Authors: Grubert Emily 
Published: July 2017

SummaryLife cycle thinking is a valuable tool for integrated assessment of the environmental, social, and economic outcomes of human activities. The combination of the three as life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) is a powerful decision support tool, but it also presents important design challenges. Among the most important challenges is how to include subjective information necessary for defining the major elements of a decision: prospects to decide among, uncertainty, risk attitudes, and preferences. Previous work on values in life cycle methods has addressed prospects, uncertainty, and risk attitudes. This article builds on that work by arguing that given LCSA's broad scope, explicit and standardized intercategory preferences are especially important for improving its value for decision makers. Practitioners should not be solely responsible for the value judgments necessary to integrate impact categories within and across environmental life cycle assessment (E‐LCA), social LCA (S‐LCA), and life cycle costing evaluations for LCSA. Neither should this task fall entirely to decision makers, particularly as life cycle–grounded decisions are highly sensitive to value frames. Individuals are unlikely to be able to meaningfully interpret, evaluate, and determine trade‐offs without support. This article thus proposes that LCSA leverage its multiple paradigms to rigorously generate explicit, empirically grounded intercategory preference archetypes for use in evaluating decision robustness, much as cultural theory‐based archetypes are currently used to test robustness to risk attitudes. Proof‐of‐concept data from the United States illustrate this approach, named WELFARES.
Pharmacokinetics of deflazacort in rabbits after intravenous and oral administration and its interaction with erythromycin
Authors: Escudero A. I. , Marín P. , Cárceles C. M. , Escudero E. 
Published: July 2017

The pharmacokinetic of deflazacort after intravenous and oral administration and the effect of erythromycin on the disposition of deflazacort in rabbits were investigated. A parallel study was carried out in twelve rabbits. The plasma concentration–time profiles of deflazacort were determined after intravenous and oral administration of single dosages of 5 mg/kg in the presence and absence (baseline) of multiple dose erythromycin regimens. Plasma concentrations of 21‐desacetyldeflazacort were determined by HPLC. Plasma concentration–time curves were analysed by compartmental pharmacokinetic and noncompartmental methods. The t½λz values following intravenous and oral administration were 3.67 and 4.96 hr, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution at steady‐state (Vss) was 4.08 ± 0.31 L/kg, this value indicates that deflazacort is widely distributed into the extravascular tissues. Moreover, bioavailability after oral administration of deflazacort (F = 87.48%) was high. Pharmacokinetic analysis after both routes of administration revealed a significant reduction in total body clearance, a significant increase in mean residence time, half‐life and plasma concentrations of the steroid in the presence of multiple dose erythromycin. The results indicated the influence of the erythromycin on deflazacort disposition, which is consistent with a pharmacokinetic‐type interaction in the elimination of the drug from the body. Moreover, this interaction should be considered to avoid adverse effects when using both drugs concomitantly.
Amber from the Alpine Triassic of Lunz (Carnian, Austria): a classic palaeobotanical site
Authors: Fischer Thilo C. , Sonibare Oluwadayo O. , Aschauer Birgitt , Kleine‐Benne Eike , Braun Paula , Meller Barbara 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAmber from the Triassic (Carnian) of Lunz, a locality which has produced a rich and famous fossil flora, was analysed using UV‐B‐fluorescence, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) and pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (Py‐GC‐MS). The amber is classified as a class Ib resinite based on its chemical composition, which is characterized by bicyclic products derived from a regular labdatriene structure and the absence of succinic acid. The presence of diterpenoids and absence of triterpenoids is clear evidence of a gymnosperm origin for the Lunz amber, and the prevalence of sesquiterpenoids and diterpenoids point to a conifer family as a possible botanical source. In search of amber attached to identifiable floral remains we have screened new and historical collections of the macroflora from a number of localities of the Lunz area using UV‐B, and describe a striking yellow UV‐B‐fluorescence of cuticles of pteridosperms, ginkgophytes and conifers. This varies with the diagenetic state of the sediment and may be lost altogether. Detectable amounts of fluorescent compounds were observed in gymnosperm taxa, but not in any ferns and only very weakly in horsetails. This underlines that fluorescent compounds are derived from gymnosperm plants, mostly likely arising secondarily from cyclic hydrocarbons by desaturation during diagenesis as a parallel process in amber as well as in cuticles.
Patients’ Expectations on Spinal Cord Stimulation for Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: A Qualitative Exploration
Authors: Henssen Dylan J.H.A. , Scheepers Nicole , Kurt Erkan , Arnts Inge , Steegers Monique , Vissers Kris , van Dongen Robert , Engels Yvonne 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an effective therapy to reduce pain in patients who suffer from failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS). In order to inform patients optimally prior to this therapy, knowing their expectations is crucial.MethodsThirteen patients suffering from FBSS and scheduled for SCS were interviewed using a semistructured protocol. Patients were interviewed either at home or at their treating hospital. Data from these interviews were analyzed using directed content analysis. In addition to the qualitative interviews, an adjusted Brief Pain Inventory questionnaire was used to quantify expectations.ResultsThe expectations of patients with regard to SCS could be subdivided into 13 categories, which could be grouped into 6 general themes: (1) physical well‐being, (2) social well‐being, (3) material well‐being, (4) emotional well‐being, (5) development and activity, and (6) constraints of the procedure of SCS. These findings confirm patients’ expectations about the improvement of their quality of life by SCS for FBSS. This indicates that assessing pain relief is not enough to adequately evaluate the effects of SCS. The small diversity within the studied population and the lack of patient‐to‐patient education are 2 possible limitations of this study.ConclusionsTo improve education for patients prior to SCS surgery and to evaluate the effects of SCS, a multidimensional approach needs to be implemented. Possible disadvantages of SCS need to be discussed prior to the treatment.