bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis B infection is associated with an increased incidence of thrombocytopenia in healthy adults without cirrhosis
Authors: Joo E.‐J. , Chang Y. , Yeom J.‐S. , Lee Y.‐G. , Ryu S. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe association between HBV infection and incident thrombocytopenia among subjects without cirrhosis or splenomegaly is unknown. Therefore, we sought to elucidate the association between HBV infection and the development of thrombocytopenia in a large cohort of apparently healthy men and women. A cohort study was performed in 122 200 participants without liver cirrhosis or splenomegaly who underwent comprehensive health examinations and were followed until December 2014. HBV infection was defined by the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at baseline. Thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count <150 000/μL. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident thrombocytopenia. HBsAg was positive in 4857 of 122 200 subjects (4.0%) at baseline. During 883 983 person‐years of follow‐up, 2037 incident cases of thrombocytopenia were identified (incident rate 2.3 per 1000 person‐years). HBsAg–positive subjects had a higher incidence of thrombocytopenia than did healthy controls (11.2 vs 1.9 per 1000 person‐years, respectively). The multivariate‐adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) for incident thrombocytopenia comparing HBsAg‐positive to HBsAg‐negative subjects was 5.71 (5.10‐6.38). Strong associations between HBsAg positivity and thrombocytopenia were consistently observed across prespecified subgroups. In this large cohort study of an apparently healthy population, HBsAg positivity was strongly and independently associated with incident thrombocytopenia, indicating that mechanisms of thrombocytopenia other than portal hypertension may exist in healthy HBV carriers.
A Prospective, Randomized, Masked, Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Study of Capromorelin in Dogs with Reduced Appetite
Authors: Zollers B. , Wofford J.A. , Heinen E. , Huebner M. , Rhodes L. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundReduced appetite is a common clinical sign in dogs. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of capromorelin oral solution, (ENTYCE®, Aratana Therapeutics, Leawood, KS) a new drug that is a ghrelin receptor agonist, for stimulation of appetite in dogs with reduced appetite.Hypothesis/ObjectivesCapromorelin will increase appetite, as measured by the owner's evaluation, over 4 days. An additional objective was to evaluate the safety of capromorelin at the labeled dose.AnimalsA total of 244 client‐owned dogs reported by owners to be inappetent for at least 2 days were enrolled, with 177 cases in the effectiveness analysis.MethodsIn this prospective, randomized, masked, placebo‐controlled study, dogs were treated daily with capromorelin (3 mg/kg) oral solution (n = 121) or placebo oral solution (n = 56). Owners completed an evaluation of appetite at days 0 and 3 ± 1. Success was defined as improvement in appetite at day 3. Safety was evaluated by physical examination, clinical pathology, and monitoring adverse events and owner observations.ResultsCapromorelin treatment improved appetite compared to placebo (68.6% and 44.6% treatment successes with 95% CI 59.7, 76.3 and 32.2, 57.8, respectively, P = .008). Mean body weight in capromorelin‐treated dogs increased compared to placebo‐treated dogs (1.8% with 95% CI 1.3, 2.3, and 0.1% with 95% CI 0.9, 1.1, respectively, P < .001). Adverse reactions occurring in >5% of either group were diarrhea and vomiting.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCapromorelin oral solution is an effective treatment for stimulation of appetite in dogs and represents the first ghrelin receptor agonist shown to be effective for this indication.
Digestive Enzyme Activity during Initial Ontogeny and after Feeding Diets with Different Protein Sources in Zebra Cichlid, Archocentrus nigrofasciatus
Authors: Mente Eleni , Solovyev Mikhail M. , Vlahos Nikolaos , Rotllant Guiomar , Gisbert Enric 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study aims to describe changes in the activity of digestive enzymes of the zebra cichlid, Archocentrus nigrofasciatus, from hatching until 30 d after hatch (d.a.h.), and to evaluate the effects of feeding diets with different levels of fishmeal (FM) substitution with alternative nonanimal protein sources from 30 d.a.h. up to the age of 60 d.a.h. Results indicated that the developmental patterns of digestive enzymes from the exocrine pancreas and intestine are similar to those of other phylogenetically close cichlids, although they seemed to develop faster than other species as indicated by the peaks in enzyme activity, which were detected at younger stages of development. The 100% FM replacement with different alternative nonanimal protein sources had a negative impact on the growth performance of A. nigrofasciatus juveniles, whereas fish fed the diet with a 50% FM replacement showed similar results to those fed the 100% FM diet. Fish showing the lowest growth rate had also the lowest enzyme activity, especially in relation to the intestinal brush border enzymes. This study assesses the digestive capabilities and nutritional condition of the zebra cichlid fish and provides knowledge on the potential for FM substitution in their feeds.
Evaluation of the Sensitivity and Accuracy of Birth Defects Indicators on the 2003 Revision of the U.S. Birth Certificate: Has Data Quality Improved?
Authors: Salemi Jason L. , Tanner Jean Paul , Sampat Diana P. , Rutkowski Rachel E. , Anjohrin Suzanne B. , Marshall Jennifer , Kirby Russell S. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe 2003 revision of the U.S. Birth Certificate was restricted to birth defects readily identifiable at birth. Despite being the lone source of birth defects cases in some studies, we lack population‐based information on the quality of birth defects data from the most recent revision of the birth certificate.MethodsWe linked birth certificate data to confirmed cases from the Florida Birth Defects Registry (FBDR) to assess the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of birth defects indicators on the birth certificate. Descriptive statistics and log‐binomial regression were used to examine variation in data quality measures by defect type and other characteristics. We also evaluated the contribution of birth certificates as a case ascertainment source for the FBDR.ResultsSensitivity of the birth certificate was poor (19.1%) with variation across defects ranging from 55% for anencephaly and 54% for gastroschisis, to <10% for other defects. PPV was better (87.1%) and ranged from >93% for orofacial clefts and gastroschisis to <55% for anencephaly and limb reduction defects. We also observed variation in data quality across maternal, infant, and hospital characteristics. Of cases identified by the birth certificate and not any other FBDR data source, 54.9% were false‐positive diagnoses.ConclusionsEfforts to restrict the 2003 revision of the birth certificate to defects identifiable at birth have not improved the likelihood that birth certificates will identify infants born with those defects. We do not recommend the use of birth certificates as a source of birth defects data without case verification strategies.
The Intensionality behind Legal Concepts and Their Extensional Boundaries: Between Conventionalism and Interpretivism
Authors: Arapinis Alexandra , Condello Angela 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article constitutes an attempt to reexamine a crucial issue of legal theory from the perspective of philosophy of language and of social ontology: by analyzing a jurisprudential case recently decided by the U.S. Supreme Court, we explain how Searle's account on rules in The Construction of Social Reality constitutes an important starting point for the clarification of the old jurisprudential debate between conventionalism and interpretivism. In a nutshell, we show that Searle's framework, while strictly conventionalist, makes it possible to conceive of the distinction between the semantic content of rules (their intended purpose) and their extension, by drawing a parallel with the idea of “deep conventions” (and “essential rules”) as well as with the semantic conventions in natural language. The paper thus touches on the broader problem of the relations between legal concepts and nonlegal values (law and morality).
An Inquiry into a Normative Concept of Legal Efficacy
Authors: Santos Campos Andre 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis essay argues that legal efficacy understood as existent binding force and as dominance of a system of coercion vis‐à‐vis competing systems is not strictly a matter of fact, but involves what can be termed justified normativity in a factual context. The argument is divided into four sections. The first three sections describe different dimensions of a normative concept of legal efficacy applied to legal systems: efficacy as persuasiveness, as indirect communication, and as constitutive obedience. The final section focuses on the efficacy of individual norms and adds a new criterion – membership – which establishes a multi‐layered test of efficacy.
Is there only One Correct Legal Answer to a Question of Fact? Three Talmudic Answers to a Jurisprudential Dilemma
Authors: Sinai Yuval , Golding Martin P. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article focuses on questions of pure fact‐of‐the‐matter and asks whether two omniscient judges (or jurists or scholars) may disagree over the legal answer to a straightforward question of a matter of fact. There are approaches to legal theory among some western and Jewish philosophers of law whereby at least superficially it is possible that two or more contradictory legal statements regarding a given reality can be equally correct. The article provides a critical analysis of three different models derived from the Jewish legal literature, and reviews the contributions of Jewish sources to the understanding of the phenomenon of disagreements concerning matters of fact.
Monochorial diamniotic dizygotic twins in a German Shepherd Dog: A case report
Authors: Urhausen C , Wolf K , Beineke A , Dierks C , Schmicke M , Einspanier A , Günzel‐Apel AR 
Published: November 2016

ContentsCase report: A 6.5‐year‐old clinically healthy German Shepherd Dog with regular oestrous cycles of 6 months was presented for pregnancy diagnosis on day 38 after ovulation (p.ov.). Ultrasonography revealed three individual placental sites in progressed resorption and two vital adequately developed foetuses sharing a joint placenta. On days 41 and 48 p.ov., sonographic signs indicated normal development of both foetuses, but on day 52 p.ov., both foetuses were found to be dead. A caesarean section was performed the same day. Examination of the removed uterus confirmed the diagnosis of a “twin” pregnancy with two foetuses sharing the same placental site but separate amniotic membranes. One foetus showed generalized oedema (anasarca). Bacterial culture of swabs taken from inside the placental cavity was negative. At histological examination of the uterus, no signs of inflammation were found. Serum relaxin concentrations (day 38, 41, 48 and 52. p.ov.) were consistent with those of bitches with normal pregnancies. Cytogenetic analysis of the two foetuses revealed dizygotic twins, one male and one female according to SRY‐PCR. By genotyping 17 high‐polymorphic canine microsatellites, it could be demonstrated that the two foetuses developed from two different oocytes.
Market Instruments for a Sustainable Economy: Environmental Fiscal Policy and Manifest Divergences
Authors: Villar‐Rubio Elena , Huete‐Morales María‐Dolores 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe introduction of environmental taxation policies had reached most European countries by the late 1990s. The pricing of activities considered harmful to the environment has given rise to the design of various economic instruments, such as environmental taxes, aimed at promoting environmental responsibility and at enabling the Kyoto Protocol targets to be met, and at the same time generating a marked increase in tax revenues. The aim of this article is to examine whether convergence in environmental taxation has taken place among 27 EU countries, doing so by analyzing time series and applying unit root tests. Our findings show there has been no such convergence, overall, despite the existence of groups of countries with common patterns of behavior.
A new anterolateral surgical approach for total hip replacement
Authors: Grano Giovanni , Pavlidou Maria , Todesco Alberto , Palermo Augusto , Molfetta Luigi 
Published: November 2016

Purpose: the purpose of the present paper is to present the short-term results of a “detachment-free” (DF) anterolateral approach for primary total hip replacement (THR) performed in a large series of patients.
Methods: two hundred patients submitted to primary THR were retrospectively reviewed for the present study. In all cases, the surgery was performed using a minimally invasive DF anterolateral approach, which entails no disconnection of tendons and no muscle damage. The study population consisted of 96 men (48%) and 104 women (52%), with an average age of 69.4 years (range 38-75). Clinical and radiographic follow-up was performed after 12 months.
Results: the clinical results, evaluated using the Harris Hip Score, were excellent in 95% of the cases and good in 5%; no cases had fair or poor results. X-rays taken at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery did not show heterotopic ossification, mobilization of the prosthetic components, or hip dislocation. No infections, deep vein thrombosis, or failure of the gluteal muscles were reported.
Conclusions: the DF anterolateral approach for THR proved safe and provided effective results at shortterm follow-up.
Level of evidence: Level IV, therapeutic case series.
Arthroscopic fixation of coronoid process fractures through coronoid tunnelling and capsular plication
Authors: Arrigoni Paolo , D’Ambrosi Riccardo , Cucchi Davide , Nicoletti Simone , Guerra Enrico 
Published: November 2016

Purpose: the purpose of this study is to describe a new arthroscopic technique for reduction and fixation of coronoid process fractures (CPFs) and report clinical and functional results in 4 patients after a 24-month follow-up.
Methods: four patients underwent arthroscopic reduction and fixation of isolated CPFs (acute or non-unions, type I or type II according to the Regan-Morrey classification) performed using a new technique based on coronoid tunnelling and capsular plication. The patients were evaluated 6, 12 and 24
months after surgery, using the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scale (DASH), the Mayo Elbow Performance Index (MEPI), and a visual analog scale (VAS); elbow range of motion (ROM) and joint stability were also evaluated and the rate of complications was reported.
Results: all 4 patients completed the follow-up. At 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively, they recorded mean DASH scores of 22, 14 and 7, mean MEPI scores of 74, 82 and 94, and mean VAS scores of 4, 2 and 1. The mean ROM increased in all directions (at 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively: flexion: 112°, 125°, 144°; extension: 3°, 5°, 6°; pronation: 76°, 84°, 91°; supination: 78°, 82°, 86°). No signs of instability were observed and no complications were reported.
Conclusions: the new all-arthroscopic coronoid tunnelling and capsular plication technique here proposed can restore elbow function, ROM and stability and allows anatomical reconstruction of the joint after type I or type II CPFs. if performed by an experienced arthroscopist, it is a valid alternative to open reduction and external fixation.
Level of evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Chronic knee extensor mechanism lesions in total knee arthroplasty: a literature review
Authors: Cottino Umberto , Deledda Davide , Rosso Federica , Blonna Davide , Bonasia Davide , Rossi Roberto 
Published: November 2016

Knee extensor mechanism rupture is a serious complication of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Its prevalence ranges from 1 to 10% and it is commonly observed as a chronic multifactorial pathology with the patellar tendon as the most common site of rupture.Knee extensor mechanism reconstruction can be performed using allogenic or synthetic grafts. In the literature it is still not clear whether one of these techniques is superior to the other and the choice is usually tailored to the patient case by case. Allografts allow better restoration of the anatomical landmarks, whereas the mesh technique is more reproducible and the graft does not elongate over time. Allografts carry an increased risk of infection compared with synthetic reconstructions, while the mesh technique is cheaper and more readily available.In this paper, we review the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of this pathology, drawing on the most recent literature.
Posterior tibial tendon displacement behind the tibia and its interposition in an irreducible isolated ankle dislocation: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ortolani Alessandro , Bevoni Roberto , Russo Alessandro , Marcacci Maurilio , Girolami Mauro 
Published: November 2016

Isolated posteromedial ankle dislocation is a rare condition thanks to the highly congruent anatomical configuration of the ankle mortise, in which the medial and lateral malleoli greatly reduce the rotational movement of the talus, and the strength of the ligaments higher than the malleoli affords protection against fractures. However, other factors, like medial malleolus hypoplasia, laxity of the ligaments, peroneal muscle weakness and previous ankle sprains, could predispose to pure dislocation. In the absence of such factors, only a complex high-energy trauma, with a rotational component, can lead to this event.Irreducibility of an ankle dislocation, which is rarely encountered, can be due to soft tissue interposition. Dislocation of the posterior tibial tendon can be the cause of an irreducible talar dislocation; interposition of this tendon, found to have slid posteriorly to the distal tibia and then passed through the tibioperoneal syndesmosis, is reported in just a few cases of ankle fracture-dislocation.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Vaccinal Newcastle Disease Virus Strain Isolated from an Owl (
Rhinoptynx clamator
)
Authors: Van Borm Steven , Rizotto Laís S. , Ullmann Leila S. , Scagion Guilherme P. , Malossi Camila D. , Simão Raphael M. , Araújo João P. , Cordeiro Izabelle M. , Keid Lara B. , Oliveira Trícia Maria F. Sousa , Soares Rodrigo M. , Martini Matheus C. , Orsi Maria A. , Arns Clarice W. , Ferreira Helena L. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

A Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was isolated in chicken embryonated eggs after detection by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RRT-PCR) from a captive owl swab. The complete genome sequence of APMV-1/
Rhinoptynx clamator
/Brazil/22516/2009 (APMV-1, avian paramyxovirus type 1) was obtained using Illumina sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome classified the isolate within NDV class II genotype II.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of an Australian Isolate of
Turnip mosaic virus
before and after Seven Years of Serial Passaging
Authors: Pretorius Lara , Moyle Richard L. , Dalton-Morgan Jessica , Hussein Nasser , Schenk Peer M. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of an Australian isolate of
Turnip mosaic virus
was determined by Sanger sequencing. After seven years of serial passaging by mechanical inoculation, the isolate was resequenced by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Eighteen single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified between the isolates. Both isolates had 96% identity to isolate AUST10.
Genome Sequence of
Mycobacterium
Phage Waterfoul
Authors: Jackson Paige N. , Embry Ella K. , Johnson Christa O. , Watson Tiara L. , Weast Sayre K. , DeGraw Caroline J. , Douglas Jessica R. , Sellers J. Michael , D'Angelo William A. , Mavrodi Dmitri V. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Waterfoul is a newly isolated temperate siphovirus of
Mycobacterium smegmatis
mc
2
155. It was identified as a member of the K5 cluster of
Mycobacterium
phages and has a 61,248-bp genome with 95 predicted genes.
Complete Genome Sequences for Three Chromosomes of the Burkholderia stabilis Type Strain (ATCC BAA-67)
Authors: Bugrysheva Julia V. , Cherney Blake , Sue David , Conley Andrew B. , Rowe Lori A. , Knipe Kristen M. , Frace Michael A. , Loparev Vladimir N. , Avila Julie R. , Anderson Kevin , Hodge David R. , Pillai Segaran P. , Weigel Linda M. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete annotated genome sequence of the
Burkholderia stabilis
type strain ATCC BAA-67. There were three circular chromosomes with a combined size of 8,527,947 bp and G+C composition of 66.4%. These characteristics closely resemble the genomes of other sequenced members of the
Burkholderia cepacia
complex.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Subgenotype 1e Strain, SLO/2407/2006, Isolated in Slovenia
Authors: Toplak Ivan , Kuhar Urška , Kušar Darja , Papić Bojan , Koren Simon , Toplak Nataša 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) subgenotype 1e was isolated for the first time in Slovenia in 2006. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of BVDV-1e, strain SLO/2407/2006. The published genome will increase our understanding of the molecular characteristics of the BVDV-1e strains circulating in Europe.
Genome Sequence of Formosa haliotis Strain MA1, a Brown Alga-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from the Gut of Abalone
Haliotis gigantea
Authors: Tanaka Reiji , Mizutani Yukino , Shibata Toshiyuki , Miyake Hideo , Iehata Shunpei , Mori Tetsushi , Kuroda Kouichi , Ueda Mitsuyoshi 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Formosa haliotis
is a brown alga-degrading bacterium isolated from the gut of abalone
Haliotis gigantea
. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of this bacterium and pointed out possible important features related to alginate degradation.