bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To stream or not to stream?
Authors: Morris Sara E. , Currie Lea H. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
The University of Kansas (KU) libraries has faced increased requests for streaming video in the past five years. While we have provided access to many databases of films, feature films remained a problem. To write a collection development policy, the library undertook three investigations to ensure the outcome reflected the needs of the university.

Design/methodology/approach
Film titles included in Swank 300 and Criterion-on-Demand were checked against the CanIStream. it? website to check for availability through streaming, rental or purchase services. Student library users were surveyed to determine if they had streaming subscriptions and, if so, which ones. KU librarians also examined academic library collection development polices to understand how others have addressed this issue.

Findings
More than half of the feature films provided by the two vendors are available through subscriptions, renting or purchasing methods. A majority of students subscribe to one or more of these services. Many academic libraries are deciding not to provide streaming feature films.

Originality/value
There are no previous studies on students’ subscriptions to streaming services linked to availability of feature films offered from commercial vendors to libraries.
Assessing vulnerability of functional diversity to species loss: a case study in Mediterranean agricultural systems
Authors: Carmona Carlos P. , Guerrero Irene , Morales Manuel B. , Oñate Juan J. , Peco Begoña 
Published: June 2016

Summary

Increasing land‐use intensification is leading to biodiversity losses world‐wide, which can reduce the functioning of ecosystems. However, it is increasingly clear that not all species are equally important for ecosystem processes: whereas the loss of a functionally unique species may reduce the capacity of the community to perform some functions, losing a functionally redundant species should have a much smaller impact.

Assessing the vulnerability of functional diversity (FD) to species extinctions can help to predict the impacts of land‐use intensification. This approach consists in ranking species according to their risk of extinction and then estimating the trajectory followed by FD as species are lost from local communities.

However, the most widely used FD indices are not independent of species richness, being much more sensitive to the loss of species in species‐poor than in species‐rich sites. This may result in misleading interpretations, affecting our ability to rank communities according to the vulnerability of their FD to species loss, by confounding it with the initial level of species richness. Here, we propose comparing the trajectory of FD under the most plausible order of species loss with that followed under random species losses as an effective way to remove the trivial effect of species richness in the assessments of vulnerability to species loss.

After decoupling vulnerability from species richness, we used it to analyse the effect of agricultural intensification on the vulnerability of arable plant communities in Mediterranean agricultural fields. Our results show that management strategies aiming to increase the functionality of these systems should focus on intermediately intensified fields, where small reductions in the level of intensification are likely to benefit arable plant diversity, increasing the number of species and FD and decreasing the vulnerability of FD to species losses.

Removing the effect of species richness is essential to attain unbiased estimations of the vulnerability of communities to species loss, especially when species‐poor communities are considered. Combining vulnerability with information on taxonomic and functional diversity appears as a promising tool to inform decision‐making processes, anticipating the effects of local extinctions.
Overreactions in the Foreign Currency Options Market
Authors: Han JoongHo , Kang Byung Jin , Chang Ki Cheon , Byun Suk Joon 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe seminal research by Stein (Journal of Finance 1989, 44, 1011) shows that long‐term options overreact to short‐term volatility shocks. In contrast, recent studies show that such irrational responses disappear when model‐free implied volatilities are used. We extend this literature by examining overreactions in the over‐the‐counter currency options market. Using model‐free implied volatility and by considering the estimated structural breaks around recent financial crises, we find consistent evidence for volatility overreactions during non‐crisis periods but no conclusive evidence of such behavior during recent crises periods. Overall, our findings suggest that it is crucial to consider structural changes when testing for overreactions in options markets.
Overnight Trading and Price Discovery over the Course of a Trading Day: Evidence from Stock Index Futures in Korea
Authors: Joo Sang Lyong , Seon Junghoon , Lee Ji Soo 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates the effect of overnight trading on the price discovery process over the course of a trading day in the Korean stock index futures market. The paper uses Trade and Quote data on nearest‐to‐maturity KOSPI 200 futures contracts from 2 January 2009 to 31 March 2011 and finds the following results. We find evidence that overnight trading contributes significantly to price discovery and, as a result, accelerates the process, and improves the efficiency, of price discovery. We also find evidence that 26.27% of the entire day's price discovery occurs during overnight trading by impounding private information as well as public information. Altogether, our results provide insights that the futures market serves as a price discovery vehicle for the cash index where the cash market closes, and that futures trades during overnight trading play an important role in price discovery, as they aggregate investors' private information about the fundamental values of the cash index.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Dual‐Diffuser Design for a Reversible Rotary Intra‐Aortic Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Wang Yaxin , Smith P. Alex , Timms Daniel L. , Hsu Po‐Lin , McMahon Richard A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe intra‐aortic ventricular assist device (IntraVAD) is a miniature intra‐aortic axial‐flow ventricular assist device (VAD) that works in series with the left ventricle (LV) to assist the compromised heart. Previous in vitro results have shown that the IntraVAD can successfully increase coronary perfusion and offload ventricular volume by operating in reverse‐rotation control (RRc) mode. The RRc mode includes forward rotation in systole and reverse rotation (RR) in diastole. It is necessary to derive a new diffuser design that can be used for the bi‐directional rotation of the IntraVAD. In this work, a dual‐diffuser set (DDS) was proposed to replace the conventional inducer and diffuser upstream and downstream of the pump. The DDS comprised two diffusers, located on both sides of the impeller, omitting the conventional inducer and diffuser. Different configurations of the DDS were designed and manufactured with various combinations of curved and straight blades. All configurations were initially tested in continuous flow, then in a pulsatile mock circulatory loop. A weighted normalized scalar (WNS) was proposed to comprehensively evaluate the hemodynamic effect of the DDS with different configurations. The results show that the maximum of WNS occurred when the upstream diffuser had equal numbers of curved and straight blades and the downstream diffuser had only curved blades. This indicates such a dual‐diffuser design for the IntraVAD can give an optimal cardiac assistance potentially improving ventricular contractility, thereby restoring heart function.
Altered regulatory T cell phenotype in latent autoimmune diabetes of the adults (LADA)
Authors: Radenkovic M , Silver C , Arvastsson J , Lynch K , Lernmark Å , Harris R A , Agardh C-D , Cilio C M 
Published: June 2016

SummaryLatent autoimmune diabetes of the adults (LADA) accounts for up to 12% of all patients with diabetes. Initially the disease resembles type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the typical presence of β cell autoantibodies indicates an autoimmune basis of LADA. While dysfunctional regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been implicated in autoimmune diabetes, these cells have been scarcely studied in LADA. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and phenotype of circulating Tregs in LADA patients early during disease progression. Flow cytometric analysis was performed on whole blood and peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients diagnosed with LADA prior to insulin deficiency (n = 39) and from healthy volunteers (n = 20). Overall, we found the frequency and activation status of peripheral putative Tregs to be altered in LADA patients compared to healthy controls. While total T cells and CD4+ T cells expressing high levels of CD25 (CD4+CD25hi) were unchanged, the frequency and total numbers of CD4+ T cells expressing an intermediate level of CD25 (CD4+CD25int) were decreased in LADA patients. Interestingly, the expression of the Treg-specific marker forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3), as well as the activation and memory makers CD69, cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), CCR4 and CD45RO were increased in CD4+CD25+ T cells of the patients. Our data depict phenotypical changes in T cells of LADA patients that may reflect a derangement in peripheral immune regulation contributing to the slow process leading to insulin-dependent diabetes in these patients.
Social processes among mothers in centres for children and parents in three countries
Authors: Musatti Tullia , Hoshi‐Watanabe Miwako , Rayna Sylvie , Di Giandomenico Isabella , Kamigaichi Nobuko , Mukai Miho , Shiozaki Miho 
Published: June 2016

AbstractProfessionally run centres have been created in a number of countries over the past few decades to provide a place for parents and their young children to meet. They provide children with play opportunities and social contacts with peers, but they are also intended to tackle the potential negative consequences of mother–child isolation in modern societies by providing mothers with some social support. Many mothers find their participation in the centres to be supportive. This study uses ethnographic observations of mothers′ social experience in centres in France, Italy and Japan with the aim of better understanding the potential beneficial effects of attending the centres. Beyond organizational and cultural differences in the centres across countries, this joint analysis of observations highlighted important similarities in the social processes occurring among mothers in the centres and supported the hypothesis that positive social experiences are the basic potential source of psychological benefits that the centres provide to mothers.
Effectiveness of vegetation‐based biodiversity offset metrics as surrogates for ants
Authors: Hanford Jayne K. , Crowther Mathew S. , Hochuli Dieter F. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBiodiversity offset schemes are globally popular policy tools for balancing the competing demands of conservation and development. Trading currencies for losses and gains in biodiversity value at development and credit sites are usually based on several vegetation attributes combined to yield a simple score (multimetric), but the score is rarely validated prior to implementation. Inaccurate biodiversity trading currencies are likely to accelerate global biodiversity loss through unrepresentative trades of losses and gains. We tested a model vegetation multimetric (i.e., vegetation structural and compositional attributes) typical of offset trading currencies to determine whether it represented measurable components of compositional and functional biodiversity. Study sites were located in remnant patches of a critically endangered ecological community in western Sydney, Australia, an area representative of global conflicts between conservation and expanding urban development. We sampled ant fauna composition with pitfall traps and enumerated removal by ants of native plant seeds from artificial seed containers (seed depots). Ants are an excellent model taxon because they are strongly associated with habitat complexity, respond rapidly to environmental change, and are functionally important at many trophic levels. The vegetation multimetric did not predict differences in ant community composition or seed removal, despite underlying assumptions that biodiversity trading currencies used in offset schemes represent all components of a site's biodiversity value. This suggests that vegetation multimetrics are inadequate surrogates for total biodiversity value. These findings highlight the urgent need to refine existing offsetting multimetrics to ensure they meet underlying assumptions of surrogacy. Despite the best intentions, offset schemes will never achieve their goal of no net loss of biodiversity values if trades are based on metrics unrepresentative of total biodiversity.
Midpoint attractors and species richness: Modelling the interaction between environmental drivers and geometric constraints
Authors: Colwell Robert K. , Gotelli Nicholas J. , Ashton Louise A. , Beck Jan , Brehm Gunnar , Fayle Tom M. , Fiedler Konrad , Forister Matthew L. , Kessler Michael , Kitching Roger L. , Klimes Petr , Kluge Jürgen , Longino John T. , Maunsell Sarah C. , McCain Christy M. , Moses Jimmy , Noben Sarah , Sam Katerina , Sam Legi , Shapiro Arthur M. , Wang Xiangping , Novotny Vojtech 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe introduce a novel framework for conceptualising, quantifying and unifying discordant patterns of species richness along geographical gradients. While not itself explicitly mechanistic, this approach offers a path towards understanding mechanisms. In this study, we focused on the diverse patterns of species richness on mountainsides. We conjectured that elevational range midpoints of species may be drawn towards a single midpoint attractor – a unimodal gradient of environmental favourability. The midpoint attractor interacts with geometric constraints imposed by sea level and the mountaintop to produce taxon‐specific patterns of species richness. We developed a Bayesian simulation model to estimate the location and strength of the midpoint attractor from species occurrence data sampled along mountainsides. We also constructed midpoint predictor models to test whether environmental variables could directly account for the observed patterns of species range midpoints. We challenged these models with 16 elevational data sets, comprising 4500 species of insects, vertebrates and plants. The midpoint predictor models generally failed to predict the pattern of species midpoints. In contrast, the midpoint attractor model closely reproduced empirical spatial patterns of species richness and range midpoints. Gradients of environmental favourability, subject to geometric constraints, may parsimoniously account for elevational and other patterns of species richness.
Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) seed and petal extracts decreased HEp‐2 carcinoma cell viability
Authors: Shen Yixiao , Du Liqing , Zeng Haiying , Zhang Xiumei , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon , Alonso‐Marenco Jose R. , Xu Zhimin 
Published: June 2016

SummaryThe hydrophilic phenolics, lipophilic tocopherols, phytosterols and fatty acids in butterfly pea seeds and petals were determined. The seeds had fifteen phenolics; of them, sinapic acid, epicatechin and hydroxycinnamic acid derivative concentrations were above 0.5 mg g−1. The petals contained a group of ternatins, flavone glycosides and delphinidin derivatives. Both the seeds and petals had four phytosterols and α‐ and γ‐tocopherols. However, the level of β‐sitosterol or γ‐tocopherol in the seeds was much higher than in the petals. Linoleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in the seeds and petals, while phytanic acid was found in the petals. The effect of lipophilic and hydrophilic extracts of the seeds [lipophilic extract of the butterfly pea seeds (LBS) and hydrophilic extract of butterfly pea seeds (HBS)] and petals [lipophilic extract of the butterfly pea petals (LBP) and hydrophilic extract of butterfly pea petals (HBP)] on decreased HEp‐2 human carcinoma cell viability was evaluated. The effect of HBS or HBP on decreased cancer cell viability was much higher than that of either LBS or LBP, while HBS showed significantly higher effect than HBP. The results indicated that butterfly pea seed and petal extracts could have the potential in functional food development.
Sleep problems, anxıety, depressıon and fatıgue on famıly members of adult intensıve care unıt patıents
Authors: Çelik Sevim , Genç Gizem , Kinetli Yasemin , Aşılıoğlı Meral , Sarı Merve , Madenoğlu Kıvanç Meral 
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of sleep problems, anxiety, depression and fatigue in family members of intensive care patients in Turkey and factors affecting these complaints.This cross‐sectional study was carried out with 350 first‐degree relatives of intensive care patients at a university and state hospital. Data were collected between 5 January and 30 May 2014 using a personal information form, the Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the modified Post Sleep Inventory.Of the 350 family members, 76% reported moderate or more serious problems. Anxiety was reported by 81.4% of the family members, and depression by 94.2%. Family members in the study had fatigue, with average scores of 79.42. There were significant correlations between the Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue and anxiety, depression and scores on the Modified Post‐Sleep Inventory (P < 0.05).Family members of intensive care patients experienced symptoms of fatigue, anxiety, depression and sleep problems. The prevalence of symptoms of sleep problems, anxiety and depression and complaints of fatigue was significantly higher in the family members of intensive care patients in Turkey than reported in the literature.
Infants' First Words are not Phonetically Specified: Own Name Recognition in British English‐Learning 5‐Month‐Olds
Authors: Delle Luche Claire , Floccia Caroline , Granjon Lionel , Nazzi Thierry 
Published: July 2016

By the end of their first year of life, infants’ representations of familiar words contain phonetic detail; yet little is known about the nature of these representations at the very beginning of word learning. Bouchon et al. () showed that French‐learning 5‐month‐olds could detect a vowel change in their own name and not a consonant change, but also that infants reacted to the acoustic distance between vowels. Here, we tested British English‐learning 5‐month‐olds in a similar study to examine whether the acoustic/phonological characteristics of the native language shape the nature of the acoustic/phonetic cues that infants pay attention to. In the first experiment, British English‐learning infants failed to recognize their own name compared to a mispronunciation of initial consonant (e.g., Molly versus Nolly) or vowel (e.g., April versus Ipril). Yet in the second experiment, they did so when the contrasted name was phonetically dissimilar (e.g., Sophie versus Amber). Differences in phoneme category (stops versus continuants) between the correct consonant versus the incorrect one significantly predicted infants’ own name recognition in the first experiment. Altogether, these data suggest that infants might enter into a phonetic mode of processing through different paths depending on the acoustic characteristics of their native language.
Effects of yoga in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Cui Jie , Yan Jun‐Hong , Yan Li‐Ming , Pan Lei , Le Jia‐Jin , Guo Yong‐Zhong 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAims/IntroductionA meta‐analysis was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of yoga in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsThe PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched to obtain eligible randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome was fasting blood glucose, and the secondary outcomes included glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and postprandial blood glucose. Weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The I2 statistic represented heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 12 randomized controlled trials with a total of 864 patients met the inclusion criteria. The pooled weighted mean differences were −23.72 mg/dL (95% CI −37.78 to −9.65; P = 0.001; I2 = 82%) for fasting blood glucose and −0.47% (95% CI −0.87 to −0.07; P = 0.02; I2 = 82%) for hemoglobin A1c. The weighted mean differences were −17.38 mg/dL (95% CI −27.88 to −6.89; P = 0.001; I2 = 0%) for postprandial blood glucose, −18.50 mg/dL (95% CI −29.88 to −7.11; P = 0.001; I2 = 75%) for total cholesterol, 4.30 mg/dL (95% CI 3.25 to 5.36; P < 0.00001; I2 = 10%) for high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, −12.95 mg/dL (95% CI −18.84 to −7.06; P < 0.0001; I2 = 37%) for low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and −12.57 mg/dL (95% CI −29.91 to 4.76; P = 0.16; I2 = 48%) for triglycerides.ConclusionsThe available evidence suggests that yoga benefits adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, considering the limited methodology and the potential heterogeneity, further studies are necessary to support our findings and investigate the long‐term effects of yoga in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Ceramide synthase 4 is highly expressed in involved skin of patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Ito S. , Ishikawa J. , Naoe A. , Yoshida H. , Hachiya A. , Fujimura T. , Kitahara T. , Takema Y. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundCeramide is a crucial lipid in the stratum corneum (SC) which maintains the barrier function and hydration of the skin. In atopic dermatitis (AD) patients who have defective skin barrier function, ceramide levels are altered. We previously reported that although the amount of total ceramide was lower in involved skin compared with uninvolved skin of AD patients and with healthy control skin, the amounts of smaller ceramide species of Cer[NS] (<40 total carbons, which are total carbons of both sphingoid base and amide‐linked fatty acid), especially Cer[NS] with 34 total carbons (C34‐Cer[NS]), were higher. However, the enzyme(s) that produces the higher levels of smaller ceramide species in involved skin of AD patients was unclear.ObjectiveTo identify the enzyme(s) that produces higher levels of smaller ceramide species of Cer[NS] in the involved skin of AD patients.MethodsEight female Caucasian subjects who were diagnosed with AD on their arms (age range: 21–45 years) were enroled in this study. We compared ceramide levels in the SC and the expression levels of enzymes involved in ceramide metabolism using real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry between involved and uninvolved skin of AD patients.ResultsLevel of mRNA encoding ceramide synthase 4 (CERS4), which is one of the enzymes that synthesize ceramide from a sphingoid base and an amide‐linked fatty acid, was significantly higher in involved skin than in uninvolved skin (P < 0.01). Additionally, the protein expression level of CERS4 in the epidermis was also higher in involved skin compared with uninvolved skin. The expression level of CERS4 correlated with the amount of C34‐Cer[NS] (P < 0.01) and the skin hydration value (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe elevated expression level of CERS4 contributes to the increase of C34‐Cer[NS] and the impaired SC barrier function in involved skin of AD patients.