bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health economic analysis of laparoscopic lavage versus Hartmann's procedure for diverticulitis in the randomized DILALA trial
Authors: Gehrman J , Angenete E , Björholt I , Bock D , Rosenberg J , Haglind E 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background
Open surgery with resection and colostomy (Hartmann's procedure) has been the standard treatment for perforated diverticulitis with purulent peritonitis. In recent years laparoscopic lavage has emerged as an alternative, with potential benefits for patients with purulent peritonitis, Hinchey grade III. The aim of this study was to compare laparoscopic lavage and Hartmann's procedure with health economic evaluation within the framework of the DILALA (DIverticulitis – LAparoscopic LAvageversus resection (Hartmann's procedure) for acute diverticulitis with peritonitis) trial.

Methods
Clinical effectiveness and resource use were derived from the DILALA trial and unit costs from Swedish sources. Costs were analysed from the perspective of the healthcare sector. The study period was divided into short-term analysis (base-case A), within 12 months, and long-term analysis (base-case B), from inclusion in the trial throughout the patient's expected life.

Results
The study included 43 patients who underwent laparoscopic lavage and 40 who had Hartmann's procedure in Denmark and Sweden during 2010–2014. In base-case A, the difference in mean cost per patient between laparoscopic lavage and Hartmann's procedure was €–8983 (95 per cent c.i. –16 232 to –1735). The mean(s.d.) costs per patient in base-case B were €25 703(27 544) and €45 498(38 928) for laparoscopic lavage and Hartmann's procedure respectively, resulting in a difference of €–19 794 (95 per cent c.i. –34 657 to –4931). The results were robust as demonstrated in sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion
The significant cost reduction in this study, together with results of safety and efficacy from RCTs, support the routine use of laparoscopic lavage as treatment for complicated diverticulitis with purulent peritonitis.
A Randomized Phase 1 Study to Assess the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of the Subcutaneously Injected Anti‐LIGHT Antibody, SAR252067
Authors: Zhang Meng , Perrin Laurent , Pardo Patricia 
Published: August 2016

AbstractLIGHT, a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, is potentially involved in mucosal inflammation associated with inflammatory bowel disease. The safety and pharmacokinetics of the fully human monoclonal anti‐LIGHT antibody, SAR252067, was evaluated in healthy volunteers in a phase 1 study as a potential treatment for diseases related to LIGHT‐mediated mucosal inflammation. This double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, sequential ascending single‐dose, single‐center, 16‐week study randomized 48 subjects to a single subcutaneous dose of SAR252067 (40, 120, 300, 600, 900, or 1200 mg) or placebo. Safety assessments included adverse events (AEs), injection‐site reactions, and antidrug antibody (ADA) titer. Pharmacokinetic end points were serum parameters of SAR252067 (Cmax, AUC0–∞, tmax, t1/2z). Serum‐soluble LIGHT concentrations were also determined. Safety analyses included all 48 participants; pharmacokinetic analyses included 36 subjects who received SAR252067. No serious AEs were reported, and no dose–effect relationship was apparent. Injection‐site reactions were minimal. ADAs were not clinically relevant. SAR252067 exposure increased in a near‐dose‐proportional manner, median tmax ranged from 5.0 to 8.5 days, and t1/2z ranged from 18.0 to 27.0 days. Serum‐soluble LIGHT significantly increased after SAR252067 administration with the 40‐mg dose only. SAR252067 had a good safety profile, was well tolerated in healthy humans, and displayed a predictable pharmacokinetic profile.
Metal–Polymer Hybrid Architectures as Novel Anode Platform for Microbial Electrochemical Technologies
Authors: Baudler André , Langner Markus , Rohr Camilla , Greiner Andreas , Schröder Uwe 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this publication, we propose metal–polymer hybrid materials as a novel platform for the development of 3 D anode materials for bioelectrochemical systems, such as microbial fuel cells. Extremely low gravimetric density, high porosity, high electric conductivity, and distinct elastic properties are characteristics that are superior for bioelectrochemical applications. As a proof of concept, we investigated copper‐melamine foams (Cu‐MF) based on a commercially available, open cell melamine foam. With a low amount of copper (16.3 mg cm−3 for Cu‐MF206) used for metallization, such electrode material can be manufactured at low price. The Cu‐MF sponges are readily colonized by electrochemically active bacteria and are electrochemically stable over an experimental period of more than 75 days. The Cu‐MF‐biofilm electrodes exhibit volumetric current densities of up to 15.5 mA cm−3. During long‐term operation, overgrowth of the Cu‐MF pore structures by the Geobacter‐dominated biofilms occurs, from which demands for future electrode developments are derived.
The utility of thyroglobulin washout studies in predicting cervical lymph node metastases: One academic medical center's experience
Authors: Tang Sherry , Buck Andrew , Jones Claudia , “Sara” Jiang Xiaoyin 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is useful for evaluating cervical lymph nodes for metastases from thyroid carcinomas. Reports have illustrated that with application of standardized technique and appropriate cutoffs, thyroglobulin (TG) washout studies increase the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in identifying lymph node metastases. This project describes our experience at an academic medical center utilizing needle wash thyroglobulin analyses as an ancillary to FNAC.Materials and MethodsWe reviewed cases at our institution where thyroglobulin analysis was performed in conjunction with FNA of lymph nodes in patients with thyroid carcinoma. Thyroglobulin levels were measured on needle rinses from each FNA biopsy that appeared negative or equivocal at the time of immediate assessment. These results were compared with surgical pathology results from neck dissections, when performed.Results168 FNA biopsies were performed on suspicious lymph nodes from 97 patients with known or suspected thyroid malignancy between April 2013 and present. Using a cutoff of 1.0 ng TG/ml, thyroglobulin studies performed at our institution were found to have sensitivity and specificity results of 0.95. Surgical pathology results were used as the gold standard. When surgical pathology results are not available, FNAC is used as the mode of comparison. False positive Tg results occurred in two prethyroidectomy patients suggesting that sample contamination with blood may influence this method's specificity. A false‐negative Tg result occurred in a lymph node with <1 mm focus of metastatic PTC, indicating that Tg results may not be sensitive in cases with few tumor cells.ConclusionsOur results suggest that thyroglobulin washout studies improve the quality of our biopsy diagnoses when used in conjunction with FNA in the assessment of metastatic disease in the context of established thyroid malignancy in post‐thyroidectomy patients. Thyroglobulin values close to the cutoff of 1.0 ng/ml should be interpreted with caution, as these may represent a minute focus of metastatic tumor. Tg values in prethyroidectomy patients should also be interpreted with caution, as contamination with blood may cause its elevation. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:964–968. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Research on the Characteristic Change in an Inductive‐Coupling‐Type Contactless Power Transformer for a Railway According to the Core Shapes and Misalignment Utilizing a T‐Type Equivalent Circuit
Authors: MATSUOKA HIDEKI , WATANABE SHOICHIRO , KOSEKI TAKAFUMI 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYAlthough an electric railway is an ecological transportation system, there are some obstacles when an electric railway is installed: the high cost for installation and the detrimental effect on the environment. A contactless power transfer system (CPT system) is a solid solution for these obstacles. However, a CPT system for a railway application needs to have a high capacity and a tolerance to the misalignment of the coils. In this paper, inductive power transfer theory, which is able to transfer a greater amount of energy than the electromagnetic resonance method is chosen, and its tolerance to the misalignment is our focus. The authors measure various core shapes, and their coupling coefficients, leakage inductances, and excitation inductances according to the misalignment are obtained with a finite element method (FEM) analysis. By using these parameters, the transmitted power and efficiency are calculated by two equivalent circuits: the S/S circuit and the S/P circuit. Finally, by comparing the parameters and transmitted power of each core shape and circuit, the authors show that the circular core can transfer 100 kW of energy for a misalignment of 300 mm.
A DC Voltage Estimations at the Maximum Power Point of a PV System with Partial Shade
Authors: NAKATA ATSUSHI , TORII AKIHIRO , ISHIKAWA JUN , MOTOTANI SUGURU , DOKI KAE , UEDA AKITERU 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYThis paper describes an equivalent circuit of a photovoltaic system. The maximum power point is estimated with the equivalent circuit. A calculation method which estimates output voltage and current at the maximum power point by the use of the intensity of sunlight is introduced. The proposed method determines the starting voltage of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of the PV system. Simulation results and preliminary experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed method.
A Flux‐Modulating Synchronous Machine with Permanent Magnet Excitation
Authors: FUKAMI TADASHI , UENO YUSUKE , SHIMA KAZUO 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYThis paper presents a novel type of flux‐modulating synchronous machine (FMSM) in which permanent magnets (PMs) are embedded in the stator back‐iron. The rotor has neither windings nor PMs. A prototype machine with an outer‐rotor configuration was designed and manufactured to validate the operating principle of the FMSM. The characteristics in the motor mode of the prototype machine were also investigated with a vector control system. The results of the investigations show that, as in surface‐mounted PM motors, the torque of the FMSM is predominantly generated by the PM flux and can be controlled using the armature current.
“A Place Thriving With History”: Reclaiming Narratives About Literacy in the Arkansas Ozarks
Authors: Connors Sean P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBuilding on scholarship that emphasizes a relationship between critical literacy and place‐conscious pedagogy, this article describes a community inquiry project that asked undergraduates in an introductory literacy studies course to use oral histories that they collected from people in the Arkansas Ozark region to engage in placemaking and reclaim narratives about literacy in the area where they lived. The Literacy in Ozark Lives project challenged the students to examine the oral histories with an eye toward identifying people and institutions that sponsored their interviewees’ experiences with reading and writing, and explaining how social and economic transformations in the region shaped the purpose of their interviewees’ literacy. To conclude the project, the students produced digital video essays intended to complicate problematic cultural models that promote a deficit view of people and literacy in the U.S. South, particularly the Arkansas Ozark region.
Electronic approaches to making sense of the text in the adverse event reporting system
Authors: Benin Andrea L. , Fodeh Samah Jamal , Lee Kyle , Koss Michele , Miller Perry , Brandt Cynthia 
Published: August 2016

IntroductionHealth care organizations working to eliminate preventable harm and to improve patient safety must have robust programs to collect and to analyze data on adverse events in order to use the information to affect improvement. Such adverse event reporting systems are based on frontline personnel reporting issues that arise in the course of their daily work. Limitations in how existing software systems handle these reports mean that use of this potentially rich information is resource intensive and prone to variable results.AimThe aim of this study was to develop an electronic approach to processing the text in medical event reports that would be reliable enough to be used to improve patient safety.MethodsAt Connecticut Children's Medical Center, staff manually enter reports of adverse events into a web‐based software tool. We evaluated the ability of 2 electronic methods—rule‐based query and semi‐supervised machine learning—to identify specific types of events (“use cases”) versus a reference standard. Rule‐based query was tested on 5 use cases and machine learning on a subset of 2 using 9164 events reported from February 2012–January 2014.ResultsMachine learning found 93% of the weight‐based errors and 92% of the errors in patient‐identification. Rule‐based query had accuracy of 99% or greater, high precision, and high recall for all use cases.ConclusionsElectronic approaches to streamlining the use of adverse event reports are feasible to automate and valuable for categorizing this important data for use in improving patient safety.
Impact of health care adversity on providers: Lessons learned from a staff support program
Authors: Trent Maxine , Waldo Kimberly , Wehbe‐Janek Hania , Williams Daniel , Hegefeld Wendy , Havens Lisa 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundHealth care providers often experience traumatic events and adversity that can have negative emotional impacts on the profession and on patients. These impacts are typically multifaceted and can result from many different events, such as unanticipated outcomes, licensing board complaints, claims, and litigation. Because health care providers are exposed to diverse situations, they require adequate and timely support, imperative for provider resilience and patient safety. This study evaluated the success of an institution's second victim health care support program and best practices in responding to these traumatic experiences effectively.MethodsTwenty faculty and medical residents who utilized the support program at a large hospital system located in Central Texas from 2001 to 2012 participated in 1 of 6 focus groups. Qualitative data were collected from these groups to describe program requirements for the adequate delivery of health care adversity support and necessary program improvements. Responses were first transcribed verbatim. Each research team member analyzed data using a thematic framework approach. This approach helped to characterize traumatic experiences and to design a support system.ResultsThe results revealed that (1) provider experiences are traumatic, (2) it is necessary to communicate an adverse event in a confidential and timely manner, preferably with a peer, (3) preemptive education regarding risk management and the legal process is helpful, and (4) there is a need for further support of the specific experience of a board complaint.ConclusionsFocus group data indicated the complexity of the emotional impact of traumatic experiences. Specific program components are needed to create best practices for providers affected by health care adversity, including support when providers face board complaints. The program's unique combination of support and education allowed us to expand upon leading national health care adversity programs.
Can precipitation over Israel be predicted from Eastern Mediterranean heat content?
Authors: Amitai Y. , Gildor H. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIsrael's location in a semi‐arid region along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea makes the prediction of winter precipitation socially and environmentally important. In 1982, Tzvetkov and Assaf proposed a connection between heat content (HC) in the Eastern Mediterranean (EM) in fall and precipitation over Israel in the following winter. We revisit their hypothesis using 21 years of remotely sensed sea surface temperature and sea surface height. The HC of the EM's upper layer is derived from these remotely sensed measurements under a reduced gravity approximation. Our results show a correlation of R = 0.6 between HC in the fall off the coastline of Lebanon and precipitation in Haifa, Tel‐Aviv and Jerusalem. The depletion of HC during winter correlates moderately (R = 0.4) with precipitation in the three cities. Thus, according to our analysis, the upper layer HC in the EM in fall significantly impacts winter precipitation over Israel. Still, from a separate analysis, the atmospheric short‐term condition seems to be important as well.
Entwicklung, Standardisierung und Korrelierung von Meßmethoden zur Bestimmung der Inhibitorwirksamkeit in H2S/CO2‐haltigem Rohöl und Erdgas
Authors: Fäßler K. , Blümmel G. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractZiel der Untersuchungen war es, die Förderbedingungen für Erdöl und Erdgas möglichst praxisnah zu simulieren und auf diesem Wege 1. die Aussagekraft verschiedener Prüfverfahren zu testen (Rührautoklavenversuche, Hochdruckkreislaufapparatur), 2. eine Prüfmethodik zu entwickeln, die eine treffsichere Auswahl von Inhibitoren zum Korrosionsschutz ermöglicht, 3. die Brauchbarkeit einfacher Prüfmethoden als Screening‐Tests zu überprüfen. Hierdurch soll eine wirtschaftlichere Inhibitor‐ und Werkstoffauswahl für den Feldeinsatz ermöglicht werden.Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die vorgestellten apparativen Möglichkeiten eine praxisgerechte Prüfung erlauben. Die Rührautoklavenmethode läßt Parameterstudien zu, d.h. die Einflüsse der Prüfparameter (Temperatur, H2S/CO2‐Verhältnis, Strömung) werden folgerichtig wiedergegeben. Vorteil der Kreislaufapparatur ist die bessere Simulierung der Strömungsbedingungen. Die Reihenfolge der Inhibitorprüfungen könnte so gewählt werden, daß zunächst mit Hilfe der Rührautoklaven mit relativ geringem Aufwand eine Parameterstudie erfolgt und danach durch gezielte Versuche in der Kreislaufapparatur die Korrosionsraten für die Förderrohre bestimmt werden.
On the reliability of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (E.I.S.) technique for the evaluation of iron corrosion rate in inhibited acid solutions
Authors: Frignani A. , Tassinari M. , Monticelli C. , Trabanelli G. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper discusses the reliability of the E.I.S. technique for the evaluation of the corrosion rate of iron in 1 N H2SO4 in the presence of different organic inhibitors.Besides the B value from Tafel slopes, the effect of low amplitude, low frequency potential perturbations is presented, too.
Displacement ring load Green's functions for saturated porous transversely isotropic tri‐material full‐space
Authors: Sahebkar K. , Eskandari‐Ghadi M. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryBased on the Biot's poroelastic theory and using scalar potential functions both the ring load and point load displacement Green's functions for a transversely isotropic saturated porous full‐space composed of an upper half‐space, a finite thickness middle layer and a lower half‐space is analytically presented for the first time. It is assumed that each region consists of a different transversely isotropic material. The equations of poroelastodymanics in terms of the solid displacements and the pore fluid pressure are uncoupled with the help of two scalar potential functions, so that the governing equations for the potential functions are either a second order wave equation or a repeated wave‐heat transfer equation of sixth order. With the aid of Fourier expansion with respect to circumferential direction and Hankel integral transforms with respect to the radial direction in cylindrical coordinate system, the response is determined in the form of line integrals in the real space, followed by theorem of inverse Hankel integral transforms. The solutions degenerate to a single phase elastic material, and the results are compared with previous studies, where an excellent agreement may be observed with the results provided in the literature. Some examples of displacement Green's functions are finally given to illustrate the solution. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fault accommodation for uncertain linear systems with measurement errors
Authors: Zhu Jun‐Wei , Yang Guang‐Hong 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis paper investigates the observer based fault accommodation (FA) problem for linear systems with state perturbations and measurement errors. A novel intermediate estimator is proposed to estimate the state and the faults simultaneously, where the effect of state perturbations and measurement errors can be effectively eliminated by fully exploiting the design freedom of some specified parameters. Based on the estimation, a fault tolerant control (FTC) scheme is synthesized. It is proved that the states of the resulting closed loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded with an explicit bound. Simulation examples verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic spectrum access‐based cryptosystem for cognitive radio networks
Authors: Zou Chao , Chigan Chunxiao (Tricia) 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe dynamic spectrum access (DSA) paradigm of the cognitive radio (CR) contributes intrinsic security capability to the CR network by hiding information in the unpredictable spectrum access patterns. This paper formalizes the frequency hopping DSA (FH‐DSA)‐based cryptography by introducing the model of dynamic bit (dybit), whose state indicates both the binary value and the DSA strategy. Taking advantage of uncertainty of the dybit state, FH‐based key distribution (FH‐KE) mechanisms are proposed to establish secrets among communication attendants. Based on the group FH‐KE (GKE), a confidentiality‐oriented DSA scheme, GKE‐DSA is developed to realize the FH‐DSA cryptography‐based secure data communication. The GKE‐DSA can conceal the DSA strategy of each communication link from others while limiting the data packet collisions through GKE‐based negotiation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Probing the Recognition of Halide and OxyAnions in the Polarprotic and Polaraprotic Solvent Mediums with Neutral UreaBased Receptors: A Computational Study
Authors: Sahu Debashis , Ganguly Bishwajit 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe dynamical nature of the anion recognition with urea‐based receptors in polar protic and polar aprotic solvents is scarce in the literature. We report here, the host–guest binding properties of urea and its derivative 1,3‐bis‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐urea with common anions (F−, Cl−, OAc−, H2PO4−) in the aqueous phase and acetonitrile medium using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The MD simulations reveal that the halide analytes are on an average distance (∼14.0 Å) from the receptor moiety in water. The oxy‐anions showed better interaction with the receptor molecules in such solvent conditions. In pure acetonitrile medium, the interaction of analytes was very strong with the receptor molecules and the average distance calculated was in the range of ∼1.0 Å to ∼4.0 Å. To unravel the intricacies of sensing the anions with organic receptor molecules in polar solvent mediums, molecular dynamics simulations can be better approach with bulk solvation effect.
One–pot Hydrodehalogenation‐Hydrogenation of Alkenyl Bromides with Nickel Boride: an Easy Access to Di‐ and Trisubstituted Ethanes from Aldehydes
Authors: Chelucci Giorgio 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA simple and efficient procedure for the one‐pot hydrodebromination‐hydrogenation of substituted 1‐bromo‐1‐alkenes to give the related ethanes by the pair NiCl2⋅6H2O and NaBH4 (nickel boride) in THF‐methanol at room temperature is reported. This unexplored functional group conversion allows completing advantageously the process leading aldehydes into different types 1,2‐disubstituted ethanes.