bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Revision to the Distribution of Plumage Polymorphism in the Red‐Tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis)
Authors: Robinson Bryce W. , Richardson Nicole M. , Alioto Nick A. , Nicoletti Frank J. , Pesano Alexandra M. , Rao Mei T. , Sullivan Brian L. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimThe high proportion of plumage polymorphism in raptor species presents exciting research potential. Unfortunately, fundamental knowledge gaps remain that limit our ability to fully understand the development and role of plumage polymorphism in this group and extend those insights to vertebrates as a whole. We report data that fills one such knowledge gap in the red‐tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) that will enable investigations to uncover factors that influence the biogeography of plumage polymorphism in the species and raptors more generally.LocationNorth America.TaxonButeo jamaicensis (red‐tailed hawk).MethodsWe captured and outfitted four dark and 22 light morphs with GPS/GSM satellite transmitters during the non‐breeding season in the Great Lakes region of North America to assess their breeding provenance and behaviours. We calculated 95% AKDE nesting home ranges during an 80‐day period meant to capture the incubation and brood‐rearing periods and compared home ranges by age and sex to contextualise movements.ResultsOur results indicate that dark types nest in eastern Canada and belong to the same breeding population as the light individuals tagged in our study, extending the known distribution of plumage polymorphism in the species approximately 1500 km eastward into eastern Canada.Main ConclusionsThis revised distribution of plumage polymorphism is a critical first step for understanding the biogeography of plumage polymorphism and assessing drivers of within‐population trait diversity in this species, and predatory vertebrates more generally.
Implementation of delirium screening in the emergency department: A qualitative study with early adopters
Authors: Chary Anita N. , Bhananker Annika R. , Brickhouse Elise , Torres Beatrice , Santangelo Ilianna , Godwin Kyler M. , Naik Aanand D. , Carpenter Christopher R. , Liu Shan W. , Kennedy Maura 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionDelirium affects 15% of older adults presenting to emergency departments (EDs) but is detected in only one‐third of cases. Evidence‐based guidelines for ED delirium screening exist, but are underutilized. Frontline staff perceptions about delirium and time and resource constraints are known barriers to ED delirium screening uptake. Early adopters of ED delirium screening can offer valuable lessons about successful implementation.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with clinician‐administrators leading ED delirium screening initiatives from 20 EDs in the United States and Canada. Interviews focused on experiences of planning and implementing ED delirium screening. Interviews lasted 15 to 50 minutes and were digitally recorded and transcribed. To identify factors that commonly impacted implementation of ED delirium screening, we used constructs from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), an Implementation Science framework widely used to evaluate healthcare improvement initiatives.ResultsOverall, notable facilitators of successful implementation were having institutional and ED leadership support and designated clinical champions to longitudinally engage and educate frontline staff. We found specific examples of factors affecting implementation drawn from the following seven CFIR constructs: (1) intervention complexity, (2) intervention adaptability, (3) external policies and incentives, (4) peer pressure from other institutions, (5) the implementation climate of the ED, (6) staff knowledge and beliefs, and (7) engaging deliverers of intervention, that is, frontline ED staff.ConclusionImplementing ED delirium screening is complex and requires institutional resources as well as clinical champions to engage frontline staff in a sustained fashion.
The effect size and nonlinearity of the relationship between cannabis consumption and consumer self‐perceived mental health: A study based on eight national surveys in Canada
Authors: Deng Qian , Li Lun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPrevious research suggests a negative association between cannabis consumption and consumer mental health, but the magnitude and linearity of this association require further investigation. Therefore, this study analyzed eight suitable national survey datasets from Statistics Canada from 2009 to 2021. In the general population, the mean effect size between cannabis use (yes/no) and self‐perceived mental health is negative but very small in magnitude ( = −0.096). Moreover, in the cannabis user sub‐population, the mean effect size between cannabis usage frequency and mental health is small in magnitude ( = −0.157). More importantly, among cannabis users, a nonlinear negative relationship between cannabis use frequency and mental health was identified. Specifically, as cannabis use becomes more frequent and people's self‐perceived mental health worsens, the association becomes stronger. These findings have significant implications for social marketing and health promotion.
Is the Term “Food Consistency” Used Consistently in Consumer Science? An Exploratory Study of Consumer Association and Conceptualization
Authors: Della Fontana Franco Darío , Lotufo Haddad Agustina Marcela , Goldner María Cristina 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe post‐pandemic context has changed the modes for collecting data in sensory and consumer science. The objectives of this research were to analyze consumers' associations of food consistency and to study two virtual modes of the Free Word Association test (FWA). This test was administered to 209 consumers (180 women, 29 men, 18–45 years old) asynchronously (i.e. self‐administered) and synchronously (i.e. face to face interviews). The Cognitive Salience Index (CSI) was calculated, and the structure of the social representation was analyzed. Correspondence analysis showed that food consistency was a mixture of concepts related to structure, hardness and several aspects of auditory (e.g., Crunchy, Crispy), tactile (e.g. Smooth, Spreadable) and oral texture (e.g., Creamy, Gummy). Slightly consistent food was associated with something soft, liquid or semisolid, and very consistent food to something hard and resistant. Consistent food was more related to “very” than to “slightly consistent.” The CSI depended on the stimulus presented (p < 0.05). Regarding the social representation structure, the central core had the highest CSI for all stimuli (CSI ≥ 0.13, p < 0.05). Consumers defined “very consistent, consistent and slightly consistent food” by naming more foods in the synchronous mode than in the asynchronous one. In the asynchronous mode, consumers took more time to complete the test. The virtual FWA test (asynchronous or synchronous) showed some differences in the associations of term consistency, due to the lack of spontaneity in the first minute. It is important to adjust the methodologies to standardize the times in both modes.
“That Was a Good One”: Talking About Irony in Study Abroad
Authors: Shively Rachel L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecent research on second or additional language (L2) pragmatics instruction in study abroad has incorporated the technique of encouraging students to gather data about pragmatics, for example, by asking members of the host country to complete questionnaires, practice using pragmatic features, or answer questions about pragmatics (e.g., Hernández, 2021; Mir, 2021). Such studies have reported positive learning outcomes of pedagogical interventions involving this technique but have not closely examined the nature of the talk about pragmatics among students and local people. The goal of this study is to examine talk about irony in Spanish elicited through an instructional activity carried out by study‐abroad students in Mexico and their Mexican interlocutors, focusing on the information that the latter provide. The findings revealed that Mexican interlocutors provided examples of irony, metapragmatic explanations, and corrective feedback but that there was considerable individual variation.
Habitat fragmentation strongly restricts gene flow in endangered ectomycorrhizal fungal populations: Evidence from Rhizopogon togasawarius, specific to Pseudotsuga japonica, across the entire distribution range
Authors: Abe Hiroshi , Gan Lu , Murata Masao , Nara Kazuhide 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHabitat fragmentation reduces gene flow, causing genetic differentiation and diversity loss in endangered species through genetic drift and inbreeding. However, the impact of habitat fragmentation on ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi remains unexplored, despite their critical roles in forest ecosystems. Here, we investigated the population genetic structure and the demographic history of Rhizopogon togasawarius, the ECM fungus specifically colonizing the host tree Pseudotsuga japonica, across its entire distribution range (>200 km). These two species are designated as endangered species on the IUCN Red List since they are found only in small, fragmented forests in Japan. We analysed 236 R. togasawarius individuals from five remaining populations across the Kii Peninsula and the Shikoku Island, separated by a sea channel. Simple sequence repeat analyses using 20 loci revealed strong genetic differentiation among populations (FST = 0.255), even significant in the nearest population pair separated by a distance of only 8 km (FST = 0.075), indicating extremely limited gene flow between populations. DIYABC‐RF analyses implied that population divergence occurred approximately 6000 generations ago between the two regions, and nearly 1500 generations ago between the nearest populations within Shikoku Island, related to past climate events. Because of prolonged genetic isolation, significant inbreeding was confirmed in four of five populations, where effective population sizes became very small (Ne = 9.0–58.0). Although evaluation of extinction risks for microorganisms is challenging, our conservation genetic results indicated that habitat fragmentation increases extinction risk through population genetic mechanisms, and therefore should not be overlooked in biodiversity conservation efforts.
Ethnography beyond thick data
Authors: Pretnar Žagar Ajda , Podjed Dan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article presents opportunities for enriching anthropological knowledge and methods with machine learning and data analysis. Different examples show how quantitative methods empower anthropologists and how computational methods supplement ethnography, from sensor data and interview transcripts to designing technology solutions and automatically labeling cultural heritage. Conversely, the authors discuss the benefits of qualitative approaches in contemporary anthropological research and show how to transition from data analysis to ethnography and vice versa. Finally, the article pinpoints aspects in which each method can fail individually. It discusses why a combination of the two approaches, called circular mixed methods, minimizes the chance of failure and maximizes insights from the data.
Mindful eating and orthorexia nervosa: How do they interact?
Authors: Dobos Bianka , Berki Tamás , Mellor David , Piko Bettina F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe present study explored the associations between orthorexia nervosa, social media addiction, emotion regulation difficulties, perfectionism and BMI with four facets of mindful eating, using path analysis to assess these relationships. A sample of 551 students (127 males, 424 females, mean age = 22.6 years) completed an online self‐report questionnaire evaluating these constructs. Analyses revealed that mindful eating contributed to emotion dysregulation and orthorexia nervosa and was related to social media addiction. Significant indirect paths were identified from mindful eating, social media addiction and adaptive perfectionism through emotion dysregulation to maladaptive perfectionism. While no direct paths were observed between mindful eating and perfectionism, a direct path was found between adaptive perfectionism and orthorexia nervosa. These findings suggest a more nuanced understanding of eating behaviours is required. Individuals susceptible to eating disorders should approach mindful eating with caution and seek support from healthcare providers to ensure it is used in a way that supports overall wellbeing. Future research should aim to replicate and further clarify these associations to reveal the long‐term effects of mindful eating.
Two functionally interchangeable Vps9 isoforms mediate pollen tube penetration of style
Authors: Hao Guang‐Jiu , Ying Jun , Li Lu‐Shen , Yu Fei , Dun Shan‐Shan , Su Le‐Yan , Zhao Xin‐Ying , Li Sha , Zhang Yan 
Published: September 2024

Summary

Style penetration by pollen tubes is essential for reproductive success, a process requiring canonical Rab5s in Arabidopsis. However, functional loss of Arabidopsis Vps9a, the gene encoding for guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) of Rab5s, did not affect male transmission, implying the presence of a compensation program or redundancy.

By combining genetic, cytological, and molecular approaches, we report that Arabidopsis Vps9b is a pollen‐preferential gene, redundantly mediating pollen tube penetration of style with Vps9a.

Vps9b is functionally interchangeable with Vps9a, whose functional distinction results from distinct expression profiles.

Functional loss of Vps9a and Vps9b results in the mis‐targeting of Rab5‐dependent tonoplast proteins, defective vacuolar biogenesis, disturbed distribution of post‐Golgi vesicles, increased cellular turgor, cytosolic acidification, and disrupted organization of actin microfilaments (MF) in pollen tubes, which collectively lead to the failure of pollen tubes to grow through style.
SmJAZs‐SmbHLH37/SmERF73‐SmSAP4 module mediates jasmonic acid signaling to balance biosynthesis of medicinal metabolites and salt tolerance in Salvia miltiorrhiza
Authors: Lv Bingbing , Deng Huaiyu , Wei Jia , Feng Qiaoqiao , Liu Bo , Zuo Anqi , Bai Yichen , Liu Jingying , Dong Juane , Ma Pengda 
Published: September 2024

Summary

Salvia miltiorrhiza holds significant importance in traditional Chinese medicine. Stress‐associated proteins (SAP), identified by A20/AN1 zinc finger structural domains, play crucial roles in regulating plant growth, development, resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, and hormone responses.

Herein, we conducted a genome‐wide identification of the SAP gene family in S. miltiorrhiza. The expression analysis revealed a significant upregulation of SmSAP4 under methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and salt stress. Overexpressing SmSAP4 in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots increased tanshinones content while decreasing salvianolic acids content, while RNAi‐silencing SmSAP4 had the opposite effect. SmSAP4 overexpression in both Arabidopsis thaliana and S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots decreased their salt stress tolerance, accompanied by increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), and a hindered ability to maintain the Na+ : K+ ratio.

Further investigations demonstrated that MeJA alleviated the inhibitory effect of SmJAZ3 on SmSAP4 activation by SmbHLH37 and SmERF73. However, MeJA did not affect the inhibition of SmSAP4 activation by SmJAZ8 through SmbHLH37.

In summary, our research reveals that SmSAP4 negatively regulates the accumulation of salvianic acid through the SmJAZs‐SmbHLH37/SmERF73‐SmSAP4 module and positively impacting the accumulation of tanshinones. Additionally, it functions as a negative regulator under salt stress.
The vices and virtues of medical models of obesity
Authors: Sholl Jonathan , De Block Andreas 
Published: September 2024

SummaryDespite numerous public health organizations supporting the pathologization of obesity and considering recent obesity rates a health crisis, many researchers in the humanities, social sciences, and even in the health sciences remain unconvinced. In this paper, we address a set of arguments coming from these academic fields that criticize medical models of obesity for their supposedly flawed diagnostic categories that shift focus onto individuals and support moralizing judgements. Clarifying some key claims in these models and explicating the view of obesity in terms of energy dysregulation, we aim to tease apart misunderstandings and argue that not only do these models not say what they are often accused of saying, but their apparent vices may actually be virtues in helping to combat stigma. Building on the social psychology of stigma and disease labeling, we then suggest that current medical models are largely supportive of many moral and political aims promoted by critics of these models.
Towards Establishing Quality Standards on Human Rights for Services in Dementia Care
Authors: Panagiotidou Nena , Dhooper Jesmine , Funk Michelle , Drew Nathalie , Seeher Katrin , Dua Tarun , Orrell Martin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPeople with dementia often experience violations of fundamental human rights and impeded access to healthcare. This study aims to investigate the views of experts regarding the use of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (CRPD) principles as quality standards for human rights–based care.MethodsA single‐round Delphi e‐consultation with 15 dementia experts was designed to evaluate each CRPD principle and collect feedback on their views about the application of the CRPD principles in dementia care.ResultsThe CRPD principles were fully endorsed as quality standards; however, several experts commented on the complexities of the use of CRPD principles in relation to information disclosure, capacity assessment, stakeholders' involvement in decision‐making, respecting needs and preferences, holistic approaches in care practice, and protection against abuse, neglect and discrimination.ConclusionsThese findings indicate the CRPD quality standards were fully applicable for people with dementia although some clarification around interpretation could assist in their use. Future research should elaborate on further points of support and guidance for dementia care providing examples of good practice from across the globe, and develop a concordant, human rights–based scheme for the implementation and evaluation of dementia services.Implications for PracticeThis study suggests that the CRPD can serve as a benchmark for human rights‐based practices in dementia services globally that could enhance nursing care practice. Nursing staff are encouraged to consider human rights in relation to the complexities associated with people with dementia, their caregivers, and other services involved in their care.
Metabolic and Molecular Insights Into Nicotiana benthamiana Trichome Exudates: An Ammunition Depot for Plant Resistance Against Insect Pests
Authors: Wang Jun‐Xia , Han Wen‐Hao , Xie Rui , Zhang Feng‐Bin , Ge Zhi‐Wei , Ji Shun‐Xia , Liu Shu‐Sheng , Wang Xiao‐Wei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTNicotiana benthamiana, a widely acknowledged laboratory model plant for molecular studies, exhibits lethality to certain insect pests and can serve as a dead‐end trap plant for pest control in the field. However, the underlying mechanism of N. benthamiana's resistance against insects remains unknown. Here, we elucidate that the lethal effect of N. benthamiana on the whitefly Bemisia tabaci arises from the toxic glandular trichome exudates. By comparing the metabolite profiles of trichome exudates, we found that 51 metabolites, including five O‐acyl sugars (O‐AS) with medium‐chain acyl moieties, were highly accumulated in N. benthamiana. Silencing of two O‐AS biosynthesis genes, branched‐chain keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKD) and Isopropyl malate synthase‐C (IPMS‐C), significantly reduced the O‐AS levels in N. benthamiana and its resistance against whiteflies. Additionally, we demonstrated that the higher expression levels of BCKD and IPMS‐C in the trichomes of N. benthamiana contribute to O‐AS synthesis and consequently enhance whitefly resistance. Furthermore, overexpression of NbBCKD and NbIPMS‐C genes in the cultivated tobacco Nicotiana tabacum enhanced its resistance to whiteflies. Our study revealed the metabolic and molecular mechanisms underlying the lethal effect of N. benthamiana on whiteflies and presents a promising avenue for improving whitefly resistance.
Computational analysis and expression profiling of NAC transcription factor family involved in biotic stress response in Manihot esculenta
Authors: Abdoulaye A. H. , Yuhua C. , Xiaoyan Z. , Yiwei Y. , Wang H. , Yinhua C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Nascent polypeptide‐Associated Complex (NAC) family is among the largest plant‐specific TF families and plays an important role in plant growth, development, and stress responses.
NAC TFs have been extensively studied in plants such as rice and Arabidopsis; however, their characterization, functions, evolution, and expression patterns in Manihot esculenta (cassava) under environmental stress remain largely unexplored. Here, we used bioinformatic analyses and biotic stress responses to investigate the physicochemical properties, chromosome location, phylogeny, gene structure, expression patterns, and cis‐elements in promoter regions of the NAC TFs in cassava.
We identified 119 M. esculenta NAC (MeNAC) gene families, unevenly distributed on 16 chromosomes. We investigated expression patterns of all identified MeNAC TFs under Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) infection, strain CHN11, at different time points. Only 20 MeNAC TFs showed expression of significant bacterial resistance. Six MeNACs (MeNAC7, 26, 63, 65, 77, and 113) were selected for functional analysis. qRT‐PCR assays revealed that MeNAC7, 26, 63, 65, 77, and 113 were induced in response to XamCHN11 infection and may participate in the molecular interaction of cassava and bacterial blight. Interestingly, MeNAC26, MeNAC63, MeNAC65, and MeNAC113 responded to XamCHN11 infection at 3 h post‐inoculation. Furthermore, we identified 13 stress‐related cis‐elements in promoter regions of the MeNAC genes that are involved in diverse environmental stress responses. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MeNAC genes with similar structures and motif distributions were grouped.
This study provides valuable insights into the evolution, diversity, and characterization of MeNAC TFs. It lays the groundwork for a better understanding of their biological roles and molecular mechanisms in cassava.