bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mujeres y ciudadanía: Orígenes de un derecho y un debate sobre la participación política de las mujeres en el gobierno
Authors: Acevedo Tarazona Álvaro , Uribe Ochoa Cirly 
Published: August 2016

Este artículo reflexiona sobre los debates políticos que realizaron pensadores como Rousseau, Sieyes, Diderot, Condorcet, Olympe de Gouges, entre otros, sobre la participación y la inclusión política de las mujeres en el marco de la Revolución Francesa; un contexto social e histórico muy importante por las implicaciones que tendría en el surgimiento del Estado Liberal, a propósito del reconocimiento de la ciudadanía como el atributo que otorga el derecho a participar en los asuntos del Estado y del gobierno. La ciudadanía se configuró como una doble capacidad de elegir a los gobernantes y asumir la vocería de la voluntad general para determinar el rumbo de una nación; sin embargo, en su momento, las mujeres fueron relegadas de esta posibilidad, desconociéndose para ellas la máxima reivindicación que había motivado la Revolución Francesa: la igualdad.
Voltaire y Condorcet: Del Essai al Esquisse
Authors: Ratto Adrián 
Published: August 2016

En 1770, Condorcet conoció a Voltaire en su residencia de Ferney. Desde ese momento mantuvieron un estrecho contacto. En 1789, escribió una Vie de Voltaire, en la que reconoce su deuda con la filosofía de la historia del autor de la Henriade. El propósito de este trabajo es demostrar, a partir del examen analítico de las fuentes y otros documentos, que existen, sin embargo, tensiones entre los trabajos históricos e historiográficos de los filósofos y que en ciertos aspectos el Esquisse d’un tableau historique des progrès de l’esprit humain de Condorcet es un paso atrás con respecto al Essai sur les mœurs de Voltaire. Con el fin de alcanzar ese objetivo, se reconstruye someramente el programa historiográfico que Voltaire elabora en los años 40’ durante el período de Cirey, luego se analiza su célebre Essai, para observar la aplicación del método, y finalmente se evalúa el Esquisse a la luz del proyecto volteriano, del que Condorcet se declara deudor
Is the section of verses 1-29 in Vākyapadīya III.3 based on a sound theoretical motivation?
Authors: Oetke Claus 
Published: August 2016

The present article attempts to establish the following propositions:1. The remarks to be found in the initial segment of the so-called Saṃbandha-Samuddeśa (SS) of Bhartṛharti’s Vākyapadīya, or Trikāṇḍī, can be interpreted in a way which permits to regard them as the expression of a valid theoretical view. 2. It is important to investigate the possible existence of a sound theoretical motivation in philosophical treatises not only under the perspective of philosophical analysis but even in the framework of traditional textual exegesis irrespective of whether the textual sources represent a Western or a non-Western tradition of thought.
Viudas en la India. De la Antigüedad a nuestros días
Authors: Vofchuk Rosalía C. 
Published: August 2016

Muchas veces se ha dicho que las costumbres en la India no han sido -en sus orígenes- tan diferentes de las del resto del mundo, que lo que las ha hecho realmente diferentes es su permanencia, su vigencia a lo largo de los siglos. En coherencia con lo antedicho, quizá más que en otras sociedades, para lograr una comprensión más profunda de los fenómenos actuales, se hace evidente la necesidad de la indagación de los mismos a través de las fuentes remanentes del pasado.
La juventud campesina en los programas de Acción Cultural Popular
Authors: Silva Cantillo Nurys Esperanza 
Published: August 2016

<p>Este artículo es un análisis de las publicaciones del semanario El Campesino entre los años 1958 y 1990. <em>El Campesino</em> fue el medio de difusión de Acción Cultural Popular que gracias a la cooperación internacional y al apoyo de las políticas públicas nacionales logró consolidarse como el proyecto de educación radial más importante de América Latina. El estudio revela cómo las comunicaciones de prensa intentaron por una parte, mantener a la población rural al margen de las ideas socialistas en boga y por la otra, difundir los ideales y comportamientos que deberían llevar a cabo los campesinos en su vida cotidiana a fin de contribuir al desarrollo de Colombia. Los resultados muestran que la configuración de esta clase trabajadora se forjó a base de consignas tales como: El incremento de la productividad, las nociones de higiene, el consumo de productos, la migración y la colonización. Esta clase trabajadora, de manera paradójica, es al mismo tiempo un grupo subordinado y subsidiario de la economía y protagonista del desarrollo. Los programas difundidos a través de <em>El Campesino</em> muestran cómo bajo la noción de progreso se consolidaron visiones diferenciales de la juventud y la ciudadanía en el país. Si bien entre las poblaciones urbanas la ampliación del periodo educativo y la construcción de espacios de ocio para los jóvenes eran sinónimo de adelanto, en el campo estos fueron considerados mera “fuerza de trabajo” disponible para la tecnificación de las labores agrícolas, la colonización de tierras baldías y el desarrollo de la industria para el progreso nacional.</p>
La producción académica de las ciencias sociales en Latinoamérica
Authors: Ossa Julio César 
Published: August 2016

<p>En los últimos años, el modelo de medición de los grupos de investigación colombianos ha sufrido una serie de transformaciones importantes, una de las cuales corresponde a la importancia que el modelo de medición nacional les ha brindado a los índices de citas internacionales, tales como Web of Science y Scopus.</p>
Preoperative Periarticular Knee Bone Mineral Density in Osteoarthritic Patients Undergoing TKA
Authors: Ishii Yoshinori , Noguchi Hideo , Sato Junko , Todoroki Koji , Ezawa Nobukazu , Toyabe Shin-ichi 
Published: August 2016

Background:Preoperative periarticular bone quality is affected by joint loading. The purpose of this study was to determine the periarticular bone mineral density of the knee joint of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, and whether the location of the load-bearing axis correlates with the measured bone mineral density.Materials and Methods:The bone mineral densities of the medial and lateral femoral condyles and the medial and lateral tibial condyles were analyzed in consecutive 116 osteoarthritic patients (130 knees) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry.Results:The median bone mineral density values in the condyles were 1.138 in femoral medial, 0.767 in femoral lateral, 1.056 in tibial medial, and 0.714 in tibial lateral. The medial condyles showed significantly higher bone mineral densities than the lateral condyles in both the femur and tibia. In addition, the femoral medial showed significantly higher bone mineral density levels than the tibial medial, and the femoral lateral condyle had higher bone mineral density levels than the tibial lateral. The bone mineral density Medial/Lateral ratio was significantly negatively correlated with the location (tibial medial edge 0%, lateral edge 100%) of the load-bearing axis in the femur and tibia.Conclusion:Preoperative bone mineral density values may provide against the changes in bone mineral density after total knee arthroplasty by reflecting the correlation with joint loading axis. These results help explain why total knee arthroplasty has such good long-term clinical outcomes with a low frequency of component loosening and periarticular fractures despite a high degree of postoperative bone loss.
Anticonvulsant Activities of 4-benzylidene-6-(4-methyl-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-(2H)-ones and 4-benzylidene-6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-(2H)-ones
Authors: Asif Mohammad , Singh Anita 
Published: August 2016

Background:
Two series of 4-benzylidene-6-(4-methyl-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-(2H)-one compounds (3a-e) and 4-benzylidene-6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-(2H)-ones (3f-j) were synthesized and evaluated as anticonvulsant agents.

Methods:
Synthesized compounds (3a-3j) were tested against maximum electro shock (MES) and Isoniazid (INH) induced convulsion methods for anticonvulsant activities and neurotoxicity.

Results:
In MES induced convulsions, result found that the compounds 3e and 3j exhibited highest anticonvulsant activities. In INH induced convulsions, result was indicated that all the compounds exhibited good anticonvulsant activities., whereas compounds 3d and 3j showed maximum activity. Methyl derivatives were more active than chloro derivatives. Phenytoin sodium (25mg/kg) and sodium vaproate (50mg/kg) were used as reference drugs. All these synthesized pyridazinone compounds (3a-j) did not exhibit any neurotoxicity up to 100 mg/kg dose levels.

Conclusion:
All compounds showed good anticonvulsant activities against both MES and INH induced convulsion models. Many such explorations are anticipated in the near future.
Investigations on Erosion and Corrosion Behavior of High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel Sprayed WC-Cr3C2-Ni Coatings on AISI 1018 Steel
Authors: Ravichandran M. , Saravanan S. , Balasubramaniyan V. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

WC-Cr3C2-Ni thermal spray coatings was applied on the surface of low carbon steel (AISI 1018) using high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) process. The base metal, coating powder and coated materials were analyzed using scanning electron microscope. Water-jet erosion test (WJET) was used to test the mass loss of the samples with different process parameters such as impingement angle, water jet velocity, erodent discharge, and stand-off distance. As results lower mass loss was observed for the selected process parameters. Pitting corrosion test reveals that better corrosion resistance can be achieved for the low carbon steels by WC-Cr3C2-Ni powder coating.
CONSTRAINING THE MOVEMENT OF THE SPIRAL FEATURES AND THE LOCATIONS OF PLANETARY BODIES WITHIN THE AB AUR SYSTEM
Authors: Lomax Jamie R. , Wisniewski John P. , Grady Carol A. , McElwain Michael W. , Hashimoto Jun , Kudo Tomoyuki , Kusakabe Nobuhiko , Okamoto Yoshiko K. , Fukagawa Misato , Abe Lyu , Brandner Wolfgang , Brandt Timothy D. , Carson Joseph C. , Currie Thayne M , Egner Sebastian , Feldt Markus , Goto Miwa , Guyon Olivier , Hayano Yutaka , Hayashi Masahiko , Hayashi Saeko S. , Henning Thomas , Hodapp Klaus W. , Inoue Akio , Ishii Miki , Iye Masanori , Janson Markus , Kandori Ryo , Knapp Gillian R. , Kuzuhara Masayuki , Kwon Jungmi , Matsuo Taro , Mayama Satoshi , Miyama Shoken , Momose Munetake , Morino Jun-Ichi , Moro-Martin Amaya , Nishimura Tetsuo , Pyo Tae-Soo , Schneider Glenn H , Serabyn Eugene , Sitko Michael L. , Suenaga Takuya , Suto Hiroshi , Suzuki Ryuji , Takahashi Yasuhiro H. , Takami Michihiro , Takato Naruhisa , Terada Hiroshi , Thalmann Christian , Tomono Daigo , Turner Edwin L. , Watanabe Makoto , Yamada Toru , Takami Hideki , Usuda Tomonori , Tamura Motohide 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a new analysis of multi-epoch, H-band, scattered light images of the AB Aur system. We use a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code to simultaneously model the system’s spectral energy distribution (SED) and H-band polarized intensity (PI) imagery. We find that a disk-dominated model, as opposed to one that is envelope-dominated, can plausibly reproduce AB Aur’s SED and near-IR imagery. This is consistent with previous modeling attempts presented in the literature and supports the idea that at least a subset of AB Aur’s spirals originate within the disk. In light of this, we also analyzed the movement of spiral structures in multi-epoch H-band total light and PI imagery of the disk. We detect no significant rotation or change in spatial location of the spiral structures in these data, which span a 5.8-year baseline. If such structures are caused by disk–planet interactions, the lack of observed rotation constrains the location of the orbit of planetary perturbers to be >47 au.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHROMOSPHERIC EVAPORATION AND MAGNETIC FIELD TOPOLOGY IN AN M-CLASS SOLAR FLARE
Authors: Sadykov Viacheslav M , Kosovichev Alexander G , Sharykin Ivan N , Zimovets Ivan V , Dominguez Santiago Vargas 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Chromospheric evaporation is observed as Doppler blueshift during solar flares. It plays a key role in the dynamics and energetics of solar flares; however, its mechanism is still unknown. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of spatially resolved multi-wavelength observations of chromospheric evaporation during an M 1.0-class solar flare (SOL2014-06-12T21:12) using data from NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph and HMI/SDO (the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory), and high-resolution observations from VIS/NST (the Visible Imaging Spectrometer at the New Solar Telescope). The results show that the averaged over the flare region Fe xxi blueshift of the hot (107 K) evaporating plasma is delayed relative to the C ii redshift of the relatively cold (104 K) chromospheric plasma by about one minute. The spatial distribution of the delays is not uniform across the region and can be as long as two minutes in several zones. Using vector magnetograms from HMI, we reconstruct the magnetic field topology and the quasi-separatrix layer, and find that the blueshift delay regions as well as the Hα flare ribbons are connected to the region of the magnetic polarity inversion line (PIL) and an expanding flux rope via a system of low-lying loop arcades with a height of ≲4.5 Mm. As a result, the chromospheric evaporation may be driven by the energy release in the vicinity of PIL, and has the observed properties due to a local magnetic field topology.
IMPACT OF COSMIC VARIANCE ON THE GALAXY–HALO CONNECTION FOR Lyα EMITTERS
Authors: Mejía-Restrepo Julián E. , Forero-Romero Jaime E. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
In this paper we study the impact of cosmic variance and observational uncertainties in constraining the mass and occupation fraction,

, of dark matter (DM) halos hosting Lyα-emitting galaxies (LAEs) at high redshift. To this end, we construct mock catalogs from an N-body simulation to match the typical size of observed fields at z = 3.1 (

). In our model a DM halo with mass in the range

can only host one detectable LAE at most. We proceed to explore the parameter space determined by

,

, and

with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm using the angular correlation function and the LAEs’ number density as observational constraints. We find that the preferred minimum and maximum masses in our model span a wide range

,

followed by a wide range in the occupation fraction

. As a consequence, the median mass, M
50, of all the consistent models has a large uncertainty

. However, we find that the same individual models have a relatively tight

scatter around the median mass

dex. We are also able to show that

is uniquely determined by

, regardless of

. We argue that upcoming large surveys covering at least 25 deg2 should be able to put tighter constraints on

and

through the LAE number density distribution width constructed over several fields of ∼1 deg2.
EXACT RELATIVISTIC NEWTONIAN REPRESENTATION OF GRAVITATIONAL STATIC SPACETIME GEOMETRIES
Authors: Ghosh Shubhrangshu , Sarkar Tamal , Bhadra Arunava 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We construct a self-consistent relativistic Newtonian analogue corresponding to gravitational static spherical symmetric spacetime geometries, starting directly from a generalized scalar relativistic gravitational action in a Newtonian framework, which gives geodesic equations of motion identical to those of the parent metric. Consequently, the derived velocity-dependent relativistic scalar potential, which is a relativistic generalization of the Newtonian gravitational potential, exactly reproduces the relativistic gravitational features corresponding to any static spherical symmetric spacetime geometry in its entirety, including all the experimentally tested gravitational effects in the weak field up to the present. This relativistic analogous potential is expected to be quite useful in studying a wide range of astrophysical phenomena, especially in strong field gravity.
Hyperacuity Exam Screens for Choroidal Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration on a Mobile Device
Authors: Chen Jessica S. , Adelman Ron A. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Timely treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is integral in improving outcomes. To catch choroidal neovascularization as soon as possible, patients should monitor vision at home. The objective of this study is to explore the Hyperacuity App (HAC) as a screen for progression of disease in AMD.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional, single-center study was performed with 33 subjects. Consent was obtained and patient information was protected in accordance with the protocol approved by the Yale Human Research Protection Program. A masked retinal subspecialist then graded the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) taken the same day to determine which patients required treatment. Further data about the patient were obtained through chart review.

RESULTS:
The HAC was shown to have 92.3% sensitivity and 61.5% specificity in distinguishing between patients who required treatment and those who did not require treatment.

CONCLUSION:
The HAC is a potential screen for choroidal neovascularization in AMD.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:708–715.]
En Face Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography for the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy
Authors: Kokame Gregg T. , Shantha Jessica G. , Hirai Kelsi , Ayabe Julia 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the diagnostic capability of en face spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) diagnosed by indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective, consecutive case series of 100 eyes diagnosed with PCV by ICGA were imaged with en face SD-OCT. Evaluation of the PCV complex on en face SD-OCT was performed on the ability to diagnose PCV by the characteristic configuration of the PCV complex and the extent and size of the PCV lesion.

RESULTS:
The PCV complex was better visualized on ICGA in 45 eyes, on en face SD-OCT in 44 eyes, and equally well in 11 eyes. The extent of the PCV complex was larger on en face SD-OCT in 65 eyes, larger on ICGA in 23 eyes, and equal in size in 12 eyes.

CONCLUSION:
En face SD-OCT images the characteristic findings of PCV and provides a noninvasive way to diagnose and treat PCV when ICGA is not available.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2016;47:737–744.]
Mild-acid hydrolysis of a native polysulfated fraction from Acanthophora muscoides generates sulfated oligosaccharides displaying in vitro thrombin generation inhibition
Authors: Rodrigues José Ariévilo Gurgel , Queiroz Ismael Nilo Lino de , Quinderé Ana Luíza Gomes , Benevides Norma Maria Barros , Tovar Ana Maria Freire , Mourão Paulo Antônio De Souza 
Published: August 2016

A. muscoides (Rhodophyta) has three polysulfated fractions (-1, -2 and Am-3). Am-2 displayed anti-inflammation and serpin-independent anticoagulation effects; however, no effect of oligomers on thrombin-generation (TG) has been demonstrated. This study employed mild-acid hydrolysis to obtain low-molecular-size derivatives from Am-2 and compared in vitro inhibitory effects between intact Am-2 and its hydrolysates on a TG assay. The polysaccharidic extract was fractionated by DEAE-cellulose that revealed Am-2 eluted with 0.75-M NaCl containing sulfate (23%), hexoses (51%) and absence of proteins, and indicating, by one-dimension nuclear magnetic resonance, structure of galactan similar to that of the extract. The depolymerization with HCl (0.02 or 0.04-M, 60°C) for different times progressively reduced the charge density and the molecular-size of Am-2 based on electrophoresis in agarose and polyacrylamide gels, respectively, where at higher acid concentration and critical time up to 5h yielded fragment of ̴ 14-kDa similar to that of unfractionated heparin (UHEP). Regarding the TG assay, intact Am-2 inhibited concentration-dependent intrinsic pathway, whereas its hydrolysates abolished it like UHEP, except the analog fragment (92.87% inhibition), when in 60-fold diluted human plasma using chromogenic method in a continuous system. The results reveal an alternative approach for the production of oligosaccharides from A. muscoides with TG inhibition.
Intercomparison of two cavity ring-down spectroscopy analyzers for
atmospheric 13CO2  ∕ 12CO2 measurement
Authors: Pang Jiaping , Wen Xuefa , Sun Xiaomin , Huang Kuan 
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy (IRIS) permits continuous in situ measurement of CO2 isotopic composition under ambient conditions. Previous studies have mainly focused on single IRIS instrument performance; few studies have considered the comparability among different IRIS instruments. In this study, we carried out laboratory and ambient measurements using two Picarro CO2δ13C analyzers (G1101-i and G2201-i (newer version)) and evaluated their performance and comparability. The best precision was 0.08–0.15 ‰ for G1101-i and 0.01–0.04 ‰ for G2201-i. The dependence of δ13C on CO2 concentration was 0.46 ‰ per 100 ppm and 0.09 ‰ per 100 ppm, the instrument drift ranged from 0.92–1.09 ‰ and 0.19–0.37 ‰, and the sensitivity of δ13C to the water vapor mixing ratio was 1.01 ‰ ∕ % H2O and 0.09 ‰ ∕ % H2O for G1101-i and G2201-i, respectively. The accuracy after correction by the two-point mixing ratio gain and offset calibration method ranged from −0.04–0.09 ‰ for G1101-i and −0.13–0.03 ‰ for G2201-i. The sensitivity of δ13C to the water vapor mixing ratio improved from 1.01 ‰ ∕ % H2O before the upgrade of G1101-i (G1101-i-original) to 0.15 ‰ ∕ % H2O after the upgrade of G1101-i (G1101-i-upgraded). Atmospheric δ13C measured by G1101-i and G2201-i captured the rapid changes in atmospheric δ13C signals on hourly to diurnal cycle scales, with a difference of 0.07 ± 0.24 ‰ between G1101-i-original and G2201-i and 0.05 ± 0.30 ‰ between G1101-i-upgraded and G2201-i. A significant linear correlation was observed between the δ13C difference of G1101-i-original and G2201-i and the water vapor concentration, but there was no significant correlation between the δ13C difference of G1101-i-upgraded and G2201-i and the water vapor concentration. The difference in the Keeling intercept values decreased from 1.24 ‰ between G1101-i-original and G2201-i to 0.36 ‰ between G1101-i-upgraded and G2201-i, which indicates the importance of consistency among different IRIS instruments.
On the path to the digital rock physics of gas hydrate-bearing sediments –
processing of in situ synchrotron-tomography data
Authors: Sell Kathleen , Saenger Erik H. , Falenty Andrzej , Chaouachi Marwen , Haberthür David , Enzmann Frieder , Kuhs Werner F. , Kersten Michael 
Published: August 2016

Abstract. To date, very little is known about the distribution of natural gas hydrates in sedimentary matrices and its influence on the seismic properties of the host rock, in particular at low hydrate concentration. Digital rock physics offers a unique approach to this issue yet requires good quality, high-resolution 3-D representations for the accurate modeling of petrophysical and transport properties. Although such models are readily available via in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray tomography, the analysis of such data asks for complex workflows and high computational power to maintain valuable results. Here, we present a best-practice procedure complementing data from Chaouachi et al. (2015) with data post-processing, including image enhancement and segmentation as well as exemplary numerical simulations of an acoustic wave propagation in 3-D using the derived results. A combination of the tomography and 3-D modeling opens a path to a more reliable deduction of properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments without a reliance on idealized and frequently imprecise models.