bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subrainband Structure and Dynamic Characteristics in the Principal Rainband of Typhoon Hagupit (2008)
Authors: Tang Xiaowen , Lee Wen-Chau , Bell Michael 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The principal rainband in tropical cyclones is currently depicted as a solitary and continuous precipitation region. However, the airborne radar observations of the principal rainband in Typhoon Hagupit (2008) reveal multiple subrainband structures. These subbands possess many characteristics of the squall lines with trailing stratiform in the midlatitudes and are different from those documented in previous principal rainband studies. The updraft and reflectivity cores are upright and elevated. The updraft is fed by a low-level radial outflow from the inner side. The tangential wind speed shows a clear midlevel jet on the inner side of the reflectivity core. Except for the structural similarities, the dynamics of the subbands is also similar to the squall lines. The local environment near the subbands shows little convective inhibition, modest instability, and vertical wind shear. The temperature retrieval shows a cold pool structure in the stratiform precipitation region. The estimated vertical wind shear induced by the cold pool is close to that of the local environment. The structural and dynamic similarities to the squall lines imply that the variation of principal rainbands is subjected to convective-scale dynamics related to the local environment in addition to storm-scale dynamics. The subbands show positive impacts to the vortex intensity in terms of potential vorticity redistribution and absolute angular momentum advection. The positive impacts are closely related to specific structural characteristics of the subbands, which suggests the importance of understanding the convective-scale structure and dynamics of the principal rainband.
Improved Lung Function after Sinus Surgery in Cystic Fibrosis Patients with Moderate Obstruction
Authors: Khalfoun Sabrina , Tumin Dmitry , Ghossein Maroun , Lind Meredith , Hayes Don , Kirkby Stephen 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesCystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by infection and inflammation of the sinorespiratory tract. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is an option for patients with severe sinusitis. We sought to evaluate pulmonary function testing after FESS in pediatric and adult patients with CF.Study DesignRetrospective chart review using data from all patients with CF who underwent FESS from January 2009 to July 2014.SettingPatients were from a single institution.Subjects and MethodsData were extracted for 181 patients and 320 surgeries. Lung function data, including the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC, were retrieved within 1 year before and after surgery. Mixed‐effects regression was used to compare FEV1 trajectories before and after surgery. The effect of surgery was stratified by presurgery FEV1 to compare patients with mild/no lung disease (FEV1 >80%) and moderate/severe lung disease (FEV1 <80%).ResultsOf the 181 patients reviewed, 131 with primary FESS had FEV1 data. Presurgery average age was 16 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.27‐17.73), and FEV1 mean was 85% (95% CI, 81.02‐88.98). There were 88 patients with FEV1 >80% and 43 patients with FEV1 <80%. For the entire cohort, lung function did not change related to FESS. Among patients with FEV1 <80%, FEV1 declined presurgery by 3.5% per year (95% CI, −6.1% to −0.8%; P =. 010), which halted after surgery with these patients, then showing no subsequent change in FEV1 (95% CI, 0.9%‐3.7%; P =. 240). No benefit was identified for patients with FEV1 >80%.ConclusionPulmonary function testing improved in patients with moderate/severe lung disease 1 year following FESS. This suggests FESS may benefit pulmonary outcomes.
Diagnostic performances and interobserver agreement according to observer experience: a comparison study using three guidelines for management of thyroid nodules
Authors: Koh Jieun , Kim Soo-Yeon , Lee Hye Sun , Kim Eun-Kyung , Kwak Jin Young , Moon Hee Jung , Yoon Jung Hyun 
Published: November 2017

Background The differences regarding categorization of thyroid nodules among different guidelines may affect the diagnostic performances and agreement among observers. Purpose To compare the diagnostic performances and agreements between observers with various degree of experience when applying different guidelines for stratifying thyroid nodules using suspicious ultrasonography (US) features. Material and Methods This retrospective study included 370 thyroid nodules (≥10 mm). Four observers, grouped as experienced and inexperienced, evaluated the US features and made final assessments according to the Kim criteria, Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) by Kwak et al., and the 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guideline. Diagnostic performances and agreements among the two groups were compared. Results The Kim criteria shows higher specificity with significantly lower sensitivity when compared to TIRADS and the 2015 ATA guideline (all P < 0.001), regardless of the level of experience. The experienced group showed significantly higher specificity with the Kim criteria and the 2015 ATA guideline compared to the inexperienced group ( P < 0.001), and the inexperienced group showed significantly higher sensitivity using the Kim criteria ( P = 0.002). The experienced group showed significantly higher agreement than the inexperienced group when using TIRADS while higher agreement was seen when using the 2015 ATA guideline for the inexperienced group. Agreement was not significantly different for the Kim criteria according to observer experience. Conclusion The diagnostic performances and agreements show significant differences in risk stratification of thyroid nodules according to the three guidelines using suspicious US features and the level of experience of the observer.
Disproportionate fluid sign as an aid in diagnosing high-grade bursal-sided supraspinatus tendon tear
Authors: Jeong Seonji , Choi Ja-Young , Kang Yu Suhn , Yoo Hye Jin , Kim Sae Hoon , Hong Sung Hwan , Kang Heung Sik 
Published: November 2017

Background Deep, high-grade bursal-sided supraspinatus tendon tears are sometimes preoperatively misinterpreted as full-thickness tears on shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Purpose To determine the usefulness of disproportionate fluid sign for differentiating high-grade bursal-sided partial-thickness tears from full-thickness tears on conventional MRI. Material and Methods Preoperative MRIs of 198 patients with arthroscopically confirmed high-grade bursal-sided partial-thickness tears and full-thickness tears were independently reviewed by two readers on two occasions. The presence of high-grade bursal-sided partial-thickness tears with a confidence level using a five-point grading scale was assessed based on tear depth alone and also in combination with disproportionate fluid sign, defined as a prominent subdeltoid or subacromial-subdeltoid bursal fluid distension with a relative paucity of effusion in the glenohumeral joint. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated, as well as inter-observer reliability. Results The disproportionate fluid sign was identified in 60/74 (81.2%) bursal-sided partial-thickness tears and 9/124 (7.5%) full-thickness tears. The sensitivity and accuracy of the diagnosis of bursal-sided tear were higher when disproportionate fluid sign was used in conjunction with the tear depth, compared with tear depth alone ( P < 0.001). There was excellent inter-observer agreement for disproportionate fluid sign and deep bursal-sided tear. The AUCs were significantly higher in combination with disproportionate fluid sign. Conclusion The disproportionate fluid sign indicates the presence of a deep, high-grade bursal-sided partial-thickness tear, which can be misinterpreted as a full-thickness tear. Thus, it can provide greater diagnostic assistance to less-experienced radiologists and clinicians.
Effect of submucosal injection in endoscopic papillectomy of ampullary tumor: Propensity‐score matching analysis
Authors: Chung Kwang Hyun , Lee Sang Hyub , Choi Jin Ho , Kang Jinwoo , Paik Woo Hyun , Ahn Dong-Won , Ryu Ji Kon , Kim Yong-Tae 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundThe role of submucosal injection (SI) in endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is controversial.ObjectiveThis study investigated the effects of SI before EP of ampullary tumors.MethodsAll patients who underwent initial curative EP at our institution between March 2006 and March 2014 were retrospectively recruited. The presence of residual tumor after three months, recurrence‐free survival and post‐procedural adverse events were compared between the SI group and non‐injection (NI) group. Propensity‐score matching was performed between the two groups to reduce potential selection bias and confounding.ResultsA total of 122 patients were included (SI: 26, NI: 96). Following propensity‐score matching, 25 paired patients were selected. Residual tumor was not shown in the NI group, whereas seven (28.0%) patients in the SI group had residual tumor (p = 0.010). The recurrence‐free survival of the NI group was significantly longer than that of the SI group (p = 0.036). Upon multivariate analysis, pathologic grade (p = 0.026) and SI (p = 0.033) were significantly related to recurrence‐free survival. Post‐procedural adverse events were not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionSI before EP of ampullary tumor was related to more frequent residual tumor and shorter recurrence‐free survival and did not reduce post‐procedural adverse events.
Improvement of renal function after human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell treatment on chronic renal failure and thoracic spinal cord entrapment: a case report
Authors: Rahyussalim Ahmad Jabir , Saleh Ifran , Kurniawati Tri , Luthfi Andi Praja Wira Yudha 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Background
Chronic renal failure is an important clinical problem with significant socioeconomic impact worldwide. Thoracic spinal cord entrapment induced by a metabolic yield deposit in patients with renal failure results in intrusion of nervous tissue and consequently loss of motor and sensory function. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are immune naïve and they are able to differentiate into other phenotypes, including the neural lineage. Over the past decade, advances in the field of regenerative medicine allowed development of cell therapies suitable for kidney repair. Mesenchymal stem cell studies in animal models of chronic renal failure have uncovered a unique potential of these cells for improving function and regenerating the damaged kidney.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 62-year-old ethnic Indonesian woman previously diagnosed as having thoracic spinal cord entrapment with paraplegic condition and chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. She had diabetes mellitus that affected her kidneys and had chronic renal failure for 2 years, with creatinine level of 11 mg/dl, and no urinating since then. She was treated with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell implantation protocol. This protocol consists of implantation of 16 million human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells intrathecally and 16 million human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells intravenously. Three weeks after first intrathecal and intravenous implantation she could move her toes and her kidney improved. Her creatinine level decreased to 9 mg/dl. Now after 8 months she can raise her legs and her creatinine level is 2 mg/dl with normal urinating.

Conclusions
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell implantations led to significant improvement for spinal cord entrapment and kidney failure. The major histocompatibility in allogeneic implantation is an important issue to be addressed in the future.
Phase II Study of BGJ398 in Patients With FGFR-Altered Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Javle Milind , Lowery Maeve , Shroff Rachna T. , Weiss Karl Heinz , Springfeld Christoph , Borad Mitesh J. , Ramanathan Ramesh K. , Goyal Lipika , Sadeghi Saeed , Macarulla Teresa , El-Khoueiry Anthony , Kelley Robin Kate , Borbath Ivan , Choo Su Pin , Oh Do-Youn , Philip Philip A. , Chen Li-Tzong , Reungwetwattana Thanyanan , Van Cutsem Eric , Yeh Kun-Huei , Ciombor Kristen , Finn Richard S. , Patel Anuradha , Sen Suman , Porter Dale , Isaacs Randi , Zhu Andrew X. , Abou-Alfa Ghassan K. , Bekaii-Saab Tanios 
Published: November 2017

Purpose No standard treatment exists for patients with cholangiocarcinoma for whom first-line gemcitabine-based therapy fails. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 ( FGFR2) fusions/translocations are present in 13% to 17% of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. BGJ398, an orally bioavailable, selective pan-FGFR kinase inhibitor, has shown preliminary clinical activity against tumors with FGFR alterations. Methods A multicenter, open-label, phase II study ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02150967) evaluated BGJ398 antitumor activity in patients age ≥ 18 years with advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma containing FGFR2 fusions or other FGFR alterations whose disease had progressed while receiving prior therapy. Patients received BGJ398 125 mg once daily for 21 days, then 7 days off (28-day cycles). The primary end point was investigator-assessed overall response rate. Results Sixty-one patients (35 women; median age, 57 years) with FGFR2 fusion (n = 48), mutation (n = 8), or amplification (n = 3) participated. At the prespecified data cutoff (June 30, 2016), 50 patients had discontinued treatment. All responsive tumors contained FGFR2 fusions. The overall response rate was 14.8% (18.8% FGFR2 fusions only), disease control rate was 75.4% (83.3% FGFR2 fusions only), and estimated median progression-free survival was 5.8 months (95% CI, 4.3 to 7.6 months). Adverse events included hyperphosphatemia (72.1% all grade), fatigue (36.1%), stomatitis (29.5%), and alopecia (26.2%). Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 25 patients (41%) and included hyperphosphatemia (16.4%), stomatitis (6.6%), and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (4.9%). Conclusion BGJ398 is a first-in-class FGFR kinase inhibitor with manageable toxicities that shows meaningful clinical activity against chemotherapy-refractory cholangiocarcinoma containing FGFR2 fusions. This promising antitumor activity supports continued development of BGJ398 in this highly selected patient population.
Platelet Transfusion for Patients With Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update
Authors: Schiffer Charles A. , Bohlke Kari , Delaney Meghan , Hume Heather , Magdalinski Anthony J. , McCullough Jeffrey J. , Omel James L. , Rainey John M. , Rebulla Paolo , Rowley Scott D. , Troner Michael B. , Anderson Kenneth C. 
Published: November 2017

PurposeTo provide evidence-based guidance on the use of platelet transfusion in people with cancer. This guideline updates and replaces the previous ASCO platelet transfusion guideline published initially in 2001.MethodsASCO convened an Expert Panel and conducted a systematic review of the medical literature published from September 1, 2014, through October 26, 2016. This review builds on two 2015 systematic reviews that were conducted by the AABB and the International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine Guidelines. For clinical questions that were not addressed by the AABB and the International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine Guidelines (the use of leukoreduction and platelet transfusion in solid tumors or chronic, stable severe thrombocytopenia) or that were addressed partially (invasive procedures), the ASCO search extended back to January 2000.ResultsThe updated ASCO review included 24 more recent publications: three clinical practice guidelines, eight systematic reviews, and 13 observational studies.RecommendationsThe most substantial change to a previous recommendation involved platelet transfusion in the setting of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. Based on data from randomized controlled trials, adult patients who undergo autologous stem-cell transplantation at experienced centers may receive a platelet transfusion at the first sign of bleeding, rather than prophylactically. Prophylactic platelet transfusion at defined platelet count thresholds is still recommended for pediatric patients undergoing autologous stem-cell transplantation and for adult and pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic stem-cell transplantation. Other recommendations address platelet transfusion in patients with hematologic malignancies or solid tumors or in those who undergo invasive procedures. Guidance is also provided regarding the production of platelet products, prevention of Rh alloimmunization, and management of refractoriness to platelet transfusion ( www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki ).
Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Outcomes in Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies
Authors: Xie Jianfeng , Zhang Xiwen , Xu Jingyuan , Zhang Zhongheng , Klingensmith Nathan J. , Liu Songqiao , Pan Chun , Yang Yi , Qiu Haibo 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has been demonstrated to prevent organ dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients. However, recent large, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) had controversial results. Thus, a meta-analysis of RCTs was performed to investigate whether RIPC can reduce the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute kidney injury (AKI), and mortality in adult cardiac surgery patients.

METHODS:
Study data were collected from Medline, Elsevier, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science databases. RCTs involving the effect of RIPC on organ protection in cardiac surgery patients, which reported the concentration or total release of creatine kinase-myocardial band, troponin I/troponin T (TNI/TNT) after operation, or the incidence of AMI, AKI, or mortality, were selected. Two reviewers independently extracted data using a standardized data extraction protocol where TNI or TNT concentrations; total TNI released after cardiac surgery; and the incidence of AKI, AMI, and mortality were recorded. Review Manager 5.3 software was used to analyze the data.

RESULTS:
Thirty trials, including 7036 patients were included in the analyses. RIPC significantly decreased the concentration of TNI/TNT (standard mean difference [SMD], −0.25 ng/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.41 to −0.048 ng/mL; P = .004), creatine kinase-myocardial band (SMD, −0.22; 95% CI, −0.07–0.35 ng/mL; P = .46), and the total TNI/TNT release (SMD, −0.49 ng/mL; 95% CI, −0.93 to −0.55 ng/mL; P = .03) in cardiac surgery patients after a procedure. However, RIPC could not reduce the incidence of AMI (relative risk, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.70–1.13; P = .34) and AKI (relative risk, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.72–1.06; P = .18), and there was also no effect of RIPC on mortality in adult cardiac surgery patients. Interestingly, subgroup analysis showed that RIPC reduced incidence of AKI and mortality of cardiac surgery patients who received volatile agent anesthesia.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our meta-analysis demonstrated that RIPC reduced TNI/TNT release after cardiac surgery. RIPC did not significantly reduce the incidence of AKI, AMI, and mortality. However, RIPC could reduce mortality in patients receiving volatile inhalational agent anesthesia.
Perioperative Steroid Use for Tonsillectomy and Its Association With Reoperation for Posttonsillectomy Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Miyamoto Yoshihisa , Shinzawa Maki , Tanaka Shiro , Tanaka-Mizuno Sachiko , Kawakami Koji 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:
Steroids reduce postoperative complications after tonsillectomy such as nausea and vomiting, pain, and delayed recovery. However, steroids may also increase the risk of severe posttonsillectomy bleeding requiring reoperation.

METHODS:
To evaluate the risk of postoperative bleeding requiring reoperation related to perioperative steroid use, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 6149 patients treated at 68 hospitals using a hospital-based claims database. The primary outcome was reoperation for bleeding within 14 postoperative days. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) between perioperative steroid use and reoperation by multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounders. We also estimated differences in the adjusted risk. Subgroup analyses after dividing patients into adults and children were also performed.

RESULTS:
The incidence of reoperation did not differ significantly between patients who received steroids on the day of tonsillectomy and those who did not (1.8%, n = 15 vs 1.5%, n = 79; adjusted OR 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45–1.43; P = .46). We also found nonsignificant associations in both adults (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.38–1.38; P = .33) and children (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.34–4.11; P = .80). The adjusted risk differences estimated by the logistic regression model were −0.30% (95% CI, −1.05 to 0.45) in all patients, −0.64% (95% CI, −1.82 to 0.54) in adults, and 0.13% (95% CI, −0.93 to 1.19) in children.

CONCLUSIONS:
Steroid use on the day of tonsillectomy was not associated with an increased risk of reoperation for bleeding. Although the wide range of CIs for the ORs could not eliminate the possibility of increased risk, especially in children, the incremental risks of reoperation for steroid use were within an acceptable range for both adults and children. Our results support the safety of perioperative steroid use for tonsillectomy, considering the magnitude of risk of reoperation because of bleeding.
miR-126-5p promotes retinal endothelial cell survival through SetD5 regulation in neurons
Authors: Villain Gaëlle , Poissonnier Loïc , Noueihed Baraa , Bonfils Gaëlle , Rivera Jose Carlos , Chemtob Sylvain , Soncin Fabrice , Mattot Virginie 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
MicroRNAs are key regulators of angiogenesis, as illustrated by the vascular defects observed in miR-126-deficient animals. The miR-126 duplex gives rise to two mature microRNAs (miR-126-3p and -5p). The vascular defects in these mutant animals were attributed to the loss of miR-126-3p but the role of miR-126-5p during normal angiogenesis in vivo remains unknown. Here, we show that miR-126-5p is expressed in endothelial cells but also by retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of the mouse postnatal retina and participates in protecting endothelial cells from apoptosis during the establishment of the retinal vasculature. miR-126-5p negatively controls class 3 semaphorin protein (Sema3A) in RGCs through the repression of SetD5, an uncharacterized member of the methyltransferase family of proteins. In vitro, SetD5 controls Sema3A expression independently of its SET domain and co-immunoprecipitates with BRD2, a bromodomain protein that recruits transcription regulators onto the chromatin. Both SetD5 and BRD2 bind to the transcription start site and to upstream promoter regions of the Sema3a locus and BRD2 is necessary for the regulation of Sema3A expression by SetD5. Thus, neuronally expressed miR-126-5p regulates angiogenesis by protecting endothelial cells of the developing retinal vasculature from apoptosis.