bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refocusing mobile makerspace outreach efforts internally as professional development
Authors: Purpur Erich , Radniecki Tara , Colegrove Patrick Tod , Klenke Chrissy 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to uninitiate new and non-traditional library resources, such as those commonly found in a makerspace, can often seem abstract, intimidating, or even unrelated to the library mission. The University of Nevada’s DeLaMare Science and Engineering Library set out to engage its on-campus library colleagues to increase awareness and understanding of the new technologies being offered in support of active learning and discovery.

Design/methodology/approach
– The science and engineering library is experimenting with an ongoing series of inreach/outreach workshops that enable other library faculty and staff from across the greater library organization to experience their non-traditional services and resources. A first pop-up maker technology workshop took place in June 2015 and was composed of three sessions including an introduction to 3D printing and modeling, digital design literacies, and lendable technologies. A survey was distributed to attendees for feedback.

Findings
– Anecdotal evidence suggest the event was successful, offering a potentially powerful mechanism for engaging and informing library staff about non-traditional resources and technology.

Originality/value
– This outreach approach may prove valuable for other academic libraries to similarly create awareness of non-traditional resources and technologies among its colleagues.
Children use second-and third-dimensional digital library interfaces
Authors: Wu Kochiu , Chen Hung-Chun 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore children’s spatial cognitive abilities as they engaged in information-seeking behaviors on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) digital interfaces.

Design/methodology/approach
– Children between the ages of seven and 11 were observed as they browsed either a 2D or 3D navigation interface for a children’s digital library. Data regarding their use of the overview function and depth cues were analyzed to reveal the relationships between search performance efficiency, precision, and effectiveness and the associative memory, visualization memory, and spatial visualization abilities of the user.

Findings
– Children spent less time using the 2D interface when compared to time spent using the 3D interface. Children exhibited better performance precision when using the 3D interface. Children applied exhaustive strategies and more varied cognitive skills across different tasks when using the 2D interface, and applied a more focussed approach when using the 3D interface.

Originality/value
– The cognitive abilities of children are not yet fully developed, so they require a unique user interface when browsing digital libraries. This study served the practical purpose of developing a game-like user interface for ease of use. Providing an effective overview function allows young users with less developed cognitive abilities to navigate informational cues. They can then build an effective mind map and implement efficient way-finding strategies.
Building a scalable mobile library orientation activity with Edventure Builder
Authors: Roth Amanda , Turnbow Dominique , Goldman Crystal , Friedman Lia 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to discuss the technical aspects of using the Edventure Builder platform to create UC San Diego’s scalable, interactive, online library orientation activity, which was designed for the university’s new First Year Experience program.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper examines a case study using a successive approximation model for the build process of a mobile library scavenger hunt.

Findings
– The Edventure Builder software is intuitive, scalable and provides a variety of options to users, including flexibility in question format, a WYSIWYG interface, and branching logic. The main limitation is that analytics is still in beta testing and users must request that data be sent in an Excel spreadsheet via e-mail.

Originality/value
– This paper is of interest to information professionals who would like to create a mobile library orientation activity using the Edventure Builder platform.
From query analysis to user information needs: a study of campus map searches
Authors: Chao Zoe 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– Search engines and web applications have evolved to be more tailored toward individual user’s needs, including the individual’s personal preferences and geographic location. By integrating the free Google Maps Application Program Interface with locally stored metadata, the author created an interactive map search for users to locate, and navigate to, destinations on the University of New Mexico (UNM) campus. The purpose of this paper is to identify the characteristics of UNM map search queries, the options and prioritization of the metadata augmentation, and the usefulness and possible improvement of the interface.

Design/methodology/approach
– Queries, search date/time, and the number of results found were logged and examined. Queries’ search frequency and characteristics were analyzed and categorized.

Findings
– From November 1, 2012 to September 15, 2013, the author had a total 14,097 visits to the SearchUNM Maps page (http://search.unm.edu/maps/). There were total 5,868 searches (41 percent of all the page visits), and out of all the search instances, 2,297 of them (39 percent) did not retrieve any results. By analyzing the failed queries, the author was able to develop a strategy to increase successful searches.

Originality/value
– Many academic institutions have implemented interactive map searches for users to find locations and navigate on campus. However, to date there is no related research on how users conduct their searches in such a scope. Based on the query analysis, this paper identifies user’s search behavior and discusses the strategies of improving searches results of campus interactive maps.
The corporate governance and financing of small-cap firms in Canada
Authors: Atanasova Christina , Gatev Evan , Shapiro Daniel 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the interaction between corporate governance and capital structure for small publicly traded firms in Canada.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors hand-collect data for all companies listed on the Canadian junior stock exchange and construct measures of corporate governance. The authors focus on a time period when the sample firms were unregulated in their governance choices. Since firms decide simultaneously on the level of corporate governance provisions and capital structure, the authors use simultaneous equation models as well as instrumental variables analysis to address endogeneity.

Findings
– The authors find that a strong relation exists between small-firm capital structure and corporate governance practices. Firms with low level of collateralizable assets have low leverage and chose better corporate governance provisions. All else equal, the firms with better corporate governance are more likely to issue new equity than debt. Overall the results support theories that predict a link between corporate governance and financing policy, where small-cap firms with low debt capacity incur costly shareholder protection to facilitate access to equity financing.

Originality/value
– The authors contribute to prior research by providing the first empirical evidence on the choice and impact of corporate governance on capital structure for junior small- and micro-cap firms.
Mutual fund efficiency and tradeoffs in the production of risk and return
Authors: Devaney Michael , Morillon Thibaut , Weber William 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to estimate the performance of 188 mutual funds relative to the risk/return frontier accounting for the transaction costs of producing a portfolio of investments.

Design/methodology/approach
– The directional output distance function is used to estimate mutual fund performance. The method allows the data to define a frontier of return and risk accounting for the transaction costs associated with securities management and production of risky returns. Proxies for the transaction costs of producing a portfolio of securities include the turnover ratio, load, expense ratio, and net asset value. The estimates of mutual fund performance are bootstrapped to account for the unknown data generating process. By comparing each mutual fund’s performance relative to the capital market line the authors determine how the fund should adjust their portfolio in regard to risk and return in order to maximize the inefficiency adjusted Sharpe ratio.

Findings
– The bootstrapped estimates indicate that the average mutual fund could simultaneously expand return and contract risk by 3.2 percent if it were to operate on the efficient frontier. After projecting each mutual fund’s return and risk to the efficient frontier the authors find that a majority of the mutual funds should reduce risk to be consistent with the capital market line.

Originality/value
– Many researchers have used data envelopment analysis to estimate a piecewise linear frontier of risk and return to measure mutual fund performance. To the authors’ knowledge the research is the first to use a twice-differentiable quadratic directional distance function to measure the managerial performance and risk/return tradeoff of mutual funds.
Comparison of rates of fecal colonization with extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing enterobacteria among patients in different wards, outpatients and medical students
Authors: Ebrahimi Fatemeh , Mózes Julianna , Monostori Júlia , Gorácz Orsolya , Fésűs Adina , Majoros László , Szarka Krisztina , Kardos Gábor 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTBecause asymptomatic carriage of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL) producers is a risk factor for infection, data on colonization dynamics are important when planning infection control. This study investigated fecal colonization with ESBL producers among inpatients, outpatients and medical students and compares the characteristics of ESBL producers among these groups. Carriage rates were investigated in 5581 fecal samples; 4343 from inpatients (330, 1397, 619 and 1864 from adult ICUs [intensive care units], adult non‐ICUs, pediatric ICUs and pediatric non‐ICUs, respectively), 814 from outpatients and 424 from screening of medical students. ESBL producers were characterized by co‐resistance, integrons carried, and aminoglycoside resistance and ESBL genes. Dynamic regression models were built to identify relationships between combinations of time series of monthly antibiotic consumption, prevalence of carriers and infected subjects. Inpatients, ICU patients and adults showed higher prevalence than outpatients, non‐ICU patients or children (7.4%, 9.3% and 12.0% vs. 3.1%, 6.1% and 4.1%, respectively). Klebsiella pneumoniae was more frequent in ICU patients; dominance of CTX‐M‐15 producers was more marked in adult than in pediatric inpatients. ESBL carriage was shown to be a consequence of infection in adults in the time‐series analysis; antibiotic consumption had little effect. The epidemiology of colonization with ESBL producers differed between pediatric ICU, adult ICU and adult non‐ICU patients. In adults, carriage of ESBL producers seems to be the consequence of infection, especially in ICU patients; the main source of colonization is nosocomial acquisition. In contrast, children are less likely to acquire colonizer strains in hospitals; importation of ESBL producers by colonized children seems to be significant.
Variations in rates of severe perineal tears and episiotomies in 20 European countries: a study based on routine national data in Euro‐Peristat Project
Authors: Blondel Béatrice , Alexander Sophie , Bjarnadóttir Ragnheiður I. , Gissler Mika , Langhoff‐Roos Jens , Novak‐Antolič Živa , Prunet Caroline , Zhang Wei‐Hong , Hindori‐Mohangoo Ashna D. , Zeitlin Jennifer ,   the Euro‐Peristat Scientific Committee
Published: March 2016

AbstractIntroductionRates of severe perineal tears and episiotomies are indicators of obstetrical quality of care, but their use for international comparisons is complicated by difficulties with accurate ascertainment of tears and uncertainties regarding the optimal rate of episiotomies. We compared rates of severe perineal tears and episiotomies in European countries and analysed the association between these two indicators.Material and methodsWe used aggregate data from national routine statistics available in the Euro‐Peristat project. We compared rates of severe (third‐ and fourth‐degree) tears and episiotomies in 2010 by mode of vaginal delivery (n = 20 countries), and investigated time trends between 2004 and 2010 (n = 9 countries). Statistical associations were assessed with Spearman's ranked correlations (rho).ResultsIn 2010 in all vaginal deliveries, rates of severe tears ranged from 0.1% in Romania to 4.9% in Iceland, and rates of episiotomies from 3.7% in Denmark to 75.0% in Cyprus. A negative correlation between the rates of episiotomies and severe tears was observed in all deliveries (rho = −0.66; p = 0.001), instrumental deliveries (rho = −0.67; p = 0.002) and non‐instrumental deliveries (rho = −0.72; p < 0.001). However there was no relation between time trends of these two indicators (rho = 0.43; p = 0.28).ConclusionsThe large variations in severe tears and episiotomies and the negative association between these indicators in 2010 show the importance of improving the assessment and reporting of tears in each country, and evaluating the impact of low episiotomy rates on the perineum.
Learning endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration – a 6‐year experience at a single institution
Authors: Sørhaug Sveinung , Hjelde Harald , Hatlen Peter , Leira Håkon Olav , Salarinejad Majid , Nesvik Bjarte , Hollund Raymond , Nesgård Kristin , Nordhaug Dag Ole , Amundsen Tore 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIntroductionEndobronchial ultrasound with transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) has become an important diagnostic tool for the pulmonologist. Learning this procedure and maintaining technical skills requires continuous practice and evaluation.ObjectivesThe aims of the study were a retrospective evaluation of the diagnostic quality of the EBUS‐technique and the learning profile of the endoscopy team during the first years (2007–2013) of experience in an unselected population.MethodsEBUS‐TBNA procedures were analysed for clinical data, including results from surgery or clinical/radiological follow‐up for at least 6 months. Rapid on‐site cytological evaluation (ROSE) was introduced on regular basis the forth year.ResultsA total of 711 EBUS‐TBNA from 635 patients were included. The percentage of representative EBUS‐TBNA initially decreased the first years (minimum 60,9%), before increased to a final result of 82,4%. There was a lower proportion of representative EBUS‐TBNA in the benign group (76,8%) vs the malignant group (85,8%). A significant increase in the proportion of representative EBUS‐TBNA was seen after ROSE had been introduced. The major indications were diagnosing/staging of lung cancer (54%) and mediastinal lymphadenopathy of unknown cause (25,7%). The sensitivity detecting malignancy was 94,9%, negative predictive value 81,2% and diagnostic accuracy 95,8%. During the study period the percentage of re‐examinations with EBUS‐TBNA declined from 18,0% to 8,2%.ConclusionAfter an initial run‐in period with declining results, the overall diagnostic yield of EBUS‐TBNA increased and reached acceptable levels. These results underline the importance of continuously evaluation of our own results when new methods are implemented in clinical practice.
Phytophthora ×alni and Phytophthora lacustris associated with common alder decline in Central Portugal
Authors: Kanoun‐Boulé M. , Vasconcelos T. , Gaspar J. , Vieira S. , Dias‐Ferreira C. , Husson C. 
Published: March 2016

SummarySince the early 1990s, an emerging disease induced by the highly aggressive oomycete Phytophthora ×alni has caused widespread alder decline across Europe. In parallel, P. lacustris, a recently described species associated with riparian habitats, has been subject of increasing interest. A field survey conducted in 2014 showed high mortality rates in alder stands located in the riparian gallery along two rivers in Central Portugal. The pathogens isolated from necrotic alder stem base during this study were identified as P. ×alni and P. lacustris. This paper is the first to report the occurrence of P. lacustris in Portugal and presents the first finding of P. ×alni affecting mature trees in natural ecosystems located in Central Portugal.
Ecological indicators for coral reef fisheries management
Authors: Nash Kirsty L , Graham Nicholas A J 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCoral reef fisheries are of great importance both economically and for food security, but many reefs are showing evidence of overfishing, with significant ecosystem‐level consequences for reef condition. In response, ecological indicators have been developed to assess the state of reef fisheries and their broader ecosystem‐level impacts. To date, use of fisheries indicators for coral reefs has been rather piecemeal, with no overarching understanding of their performance with respect to highlighting fishing effects. Here, we provide a review of multispecies fishery‐independent indicators used to evaluate fishing impacts on coral reefs. We investigate the consistency with which indicators highlight fishing effects on coral reefs. We then address questions of statistical power and uncertainty, type of fishing gradient, scale of analysis, the influence of other variables and the need for more work to set reference points for empirical, fisheries‐independent indicators on coral reefs. Our review provides knowledge that will help underpin the assessment of the ecological effects of fishing, offering essential support for the development and implementation of coral reef fisheries management plans.
Unraveling the multivalent binding of a marine family 6 carbohydrate‐binding module with its native laminarin ligand
Authors: Jam Murielle , Ficko‐Blean Elizabeth , Labourel Aurore , Larocque Robert , Czjzek Mirjam , Michel Gurvan 
Published: March 2016

Laminarin is an abundant brown algal storage polysaccharide. Marine microorganisms, such as Zobellia galactanivorans, produce laminarinases for its degradation, which are important for the processing of this organic matter in the ocean carbon cycle. These laminarinases are often modular, as is the case with ZgLamC which has an N‐terminal GH16 module, a central family 6 carbohydrate‐binding module (CBM) and a C‐terminal PorSS module. To date, no studies have characterized a true marine laminarin‐binding CBM6 with its natural carbohydrate ligand. The crystal structure of ZgLamCCBM6 indicates that this CBM has two clefts for binding sugar (variable loop site, VLS; and concave face site, CFS). The ZgLamCCBM6 VLS binds in an exo‐manner and the CFS interacts in an endo‐manner with laminarin. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments on native and mutant ZgLamCCBM6 confirm that these binding sites have different modes of recognition for laminarin, in agreement with the ‘regional model’ postulated for CBM6‐binding modules. Based on ITC data and structural data, we propose a model of ZgLamCCBM6 interacting with different chains of laminarin in a multivalent manner, forming a complex cross‐linked protein–polysaccharide network.DatabasePDB code 5FUI.
Long‐term effects of liming in Norwegian softwater lakes: the rise and fall of bulbous rush (Juncus bulbosus) and decline of isoetid vegetation
Authors: Lucassen Esther C. H. E. T. , Roelofs Jan G. M. , Schneider Susanne C. , Smolders Alfons J. P. 
Published: March 2016

Summary

Acidification has been recognised as a serious environmental problem in Scandinavia since the 1970s, and liming has been the main strategy to counteract negative effects on biota by improving water quality. We studied the short‐ and long‐term effects of liming on sediment and water quality, as well as macrophyte development, by comparing five limed with five unlimed lakes during the period 1993–2013.

In the limed lakes, massive development of bulbous rush (Juncus bulbosus: Juncaceae) occurred during the first 6–9 years after the start of liming (1984–1993). Juncus bulbosus then started to decline around 1999 and eventually reached its original abundance in 2010. In addition, the cover of the original isoetid vegetation declined by around 60% between 1995 and 2010. In contrast, changes in submerged aquatic vegetation in the unlimed lakes were minor.

Liming initially stimulated anaerobic breakdown of sediment organic matter with Fe as the electron acceptor. Juncus bulbosus probably benefitted from the higher CO2 fluxes from the sediment to the water layer in combination with a high NH4+ concentration in the limed sediment. However, the organic matter became less reactive over time, thus eventually providing less CO2. Together with the significant increase in water pH over time, this would have led to a decline in C availability in sediment and water, thus discouraging excessive growth of J. bulbosus. This may explain why J. bulbosus thrived only during the first years after liming.

The decline of isoetids in limed lakes was probably caused by a combination of uprooting and sediment anoxia. In limed lakes, isoetids developed a shoot : root ratio that was above the threshold known to promote uprooting of these high buoyancy species on organic sediment. In addition, isoetids eventually became covered by algae and dead J. bulbosus, affecting light conditions and suffocating the remaining isoetid vegetation on limed reductive sediments.

In the future, renewed excessive growth of J. bulbosus seems unlikely due to the lack of sufficient carbon sources. It remains, however, unclear whether the original isoetids vegetation can recover. We hypothesise that the isoetid Littorella uniflora may eventually recolonise the lake from the shore and improve the oxygen content of limed sediments; this, in turn will facilitate the germination of other plant species, through high radial oxygen loss in combination with asexual reproduction.