bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor–induced angioedema: A review of the literature
Authors: Brown Teresa , Gonzalez Jimmy , Monteleone Catherine 
Published: October 2017

According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012, one third of antihypertensive prescriptions in the United States in the past decade were for angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). An important and serious side effect of ACEIs is angioedema caused by a reduction in bradykinin degradation. In a national medical chart abstraction study conducted at the US Veterans Affairs Health Care System in 2008, 0.20% of ACEI initiators developed angioedema while on the medication. The angiotensin‐converting enzyme is a part of the renin‐angiotensin system that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II. It is additionally responsible for the degradation of bradykinin, which is generated from high molecular weight kininogen by kallikrein. Via bradykinin 2 receptors, bradykinin affects vascular permeability and stimulates the release of substance P, which is a peptide that causes vasodilation and fluid extravasation into tissues. Inhibition of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme and subsequent blockade of bradykinin degradation is thought to be a likely explanation for ACEI‐induced angioedema. Studies have shown that blacks, women, and smokers are at an increased risk for ACEI‐induced angioedema. A 2005 study identified black race, history of drug rash, age older than 65 years, and seasonal allergies as independent risk factors for angioedema related to enalapril. Angioedema may occur at any time during treatment with ACEIs and may continue after the medication is discontinued. The degree of ACEI‐angiotensin receptor blocker angioedema cross‐reactivity is difficult to determine from the literature. However, multiple studies have reported relatively low rates of native angioedema with angiotensin receptor blockers (approximately half that of ACEIs, or 0.1%) and a low incidence of cross‐reactivity (<10%). Common treatments for angioedema, such as antihistamines and glucocorticoids, have not been shown to be effective in ACEI‐induced angioedema. However, medications that have been used for acute treatment of hereditary angioedema and target the factors that cause ACEI‐mediated angioedema are being explored.
Traffic congestion and blood pressure elevation: A comparative cross‐sectional study in Lebanon
Authors: Bou Samra Patrick , El Tomb Paul , Hosni Mohammad , Kassem Ahmad , Rizk Robin , Shayya Sami , Assaad Sarah 
Published: October 2017

This comparative cross‐sectional study examines the association between traffic congestion and elevation of systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure levels among a convenience sample of 310 drivers. Data collection took place during a gas station pause at a fixed time of day. Higher average systolic (142 vs 123 mm Hg) and diastolic (87 vs 78 mm Hg) blood pressures were detected among drivers exposed to traffic congestion compared with those who were not exposed (P<.001), while controlling for body mass index, age, sex, pack‐year smoking, driving hours per week, and occupational driving. Moreover, among persons exposed to traffic congestion, longer exposure time was associated with higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms of the significant association between elevated blood pressure and traffic congestion.
Chronic kidney disease with comorbid cardiac dysfunction exacerbates cardiac and renal damage
Authors: Liu Shan , Wang Bing H. , Kelly Darren J. , Krum Henry , Kompa Andrew R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo address the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying chronic kidney disease with comorbid cardiac dysfunction, we investigated renal and cardiac, functional and structural damage when myocardial infarction (MI) was applied in the setting of kidney injury (induced by 5/6 nephrectomy—STNx). STNx or Sham surgery was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats with MI or Sham surgery performed 4 weeks later. Rats were maintained for a further 8 weeks. Rats (n = 36) were randomized into four groups: Sham+Sham, Sham+MI, STNx+Sham and STNx+MI. Increased renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (P < 0.01) and kidney injury molecule‐1 expression (P < 0.01) was observed in STNx+MI compared to STNx+Sham animals, while there were no further reductions in renal function. Heart weight was increased in STNx+MI compared to STNx+Sham or Sham+MI animals (P < 0.05), despite no difference in blood pressure. STNx+MI rats demonstrated greater cardiomyocyte cross‐sectional area and increased cardiac interstitial fibrosis compared to either STNx+Sham (P < 0.01) or Sham+MI (P < 0.01) animals which was accompanied by an increase in diastolic dysfunction. These changes were associated with increases in ANP, cTGF and collagen I gene expression and phospho‐p38 MAPK and phospho‐p44/42 MAPK protein expression in the left ventricle. Addition of MI accelerated STNx‐induced structural damage but failed to significantly exacerbate renal dysfunction. These findings highlight the bidirectional response in this model known to occur in cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) and provide a useful model for examining potential therapies for CRS.
Interplay between FGFR2b‐induced autophagy and phagocytosis: role of PLCγ‐mediated signalling
Authors: Nanni Monica , Ranieri Danilo , Raffa Salvatore , Torrisi Maria Rosaria , Belleudi Francesca 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSignalling of the epithelial splicing variant of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2b) induces both autophagy and phagocytosis in human keratinocytes. Here, we investigated, in the cell model of HaCaT keratinocytes, whether the two processes might be related and the possible involvement of PLCγ signalling. Using fluorescence and electron microscopy, we demonstrated that the FGFR2b‐induced phagocytosis and autophagy involve converging autophagosomal and phagosomal compartments. Moreover, the forced expression of FGFR2b signalling mutants and the use of specific inhibitors of FGFR2b substrates showed that the receptor‐triggered autophagy requires PLCγ signalling, which in turn activates JNK1 via PKCδ. Finally, we found that in primary human keratinocytes derived from light or dark pigmented skin and expressing different levels of FGFR2b, the rate of phagocytosis and autophagy and the convergence of the two intracellular pathways are dependent on the level of receptor expression, suggesting that FGFR2b signalling would control in vivo the number of melanosomes in keratinocytes, determining skin pigmentation.
Inhibition of MEK/ERK signalling pathway promotes erythroid differentiation and reduces HSCs engraftment in ex vivo expanded haematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Zarrabi Morteza , Afzal Elaheh , Asghari Mohammad Hossein , Mohammad Monireh , Es Hamidreza Aboulkheyr , Ebrahimi Marzieh 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe MEK/ERK pathway is found to be important in regulating different biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation and survival in a wide variety of cells. However, its role in self‐renewal of haematopoietic stem cells is controversial and remains to be clarified. The aim of this study was to understand the role of MEK/ERK pathway in ex vivo expansion of mononuclear cells (MNCs) and purified CD34+ cells, both derived from human umbilical cord blood (hUCB). Based on our results, culturing the cells in the presence of an inhibitor of MEK/ERK pathway—PD0325901 (PD)—significantly reduces the expansion of CD34+ and CD34+ CD38− cells, while there is no change in the expression of stemness‐related genes (HOXB4, BMI1). Moreover, in vivo analysis demonstrates that PD reduces engraftment capacity of ex vivo expanded CD34+ cells. Notably, when ERK pathway is blocked in UCB‐MNCs, spontaneous erythroid differentiation is promoted, found in concomitant with increasing number of burst‐forming unit‐erythroid colony (BFU‐E) as well as enhancement of erythroid glycophorin‐A marker. These results are in total conformity with up‐regulation of some erythroid enhancer genes (TAL1, GATA2, LMO2) and down‐regulation of some erythroid repressor genes (JUN, PU1) as well. Taken together, our results support the idea that MEK/ERK pathway has a critical role in achieving the correct balance between self‐renewal and differentiation of UCB cells. Also, we suggest that inhibition of ERK signalling could likely be a new key for erythroid induction of UCB‐haematopoietic progenitor cells.
Baseline laboratory parameters predicting clinical outcome in melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab: a single‐centre analysis
Authors: Gambichler T. , Brown V. , Steuke A.‐K. , Schmitz L. , Stockfleth E. , Susok L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundOverall response rates (ORRs) for ipilimumab in advanced melanoma are only about 10%. Hence, it is important to explore biomarkers predicting ipilimumab responders.ObjectiveWe aimed to explore biomarkers to predict therapy outcome in melanoma patients who have undergone standard ipilimumab therapy in a real‐world setting.MethodsDatabases of cutaneous melanoma patients (n = 52) who had received ipilimumab were reviewed and data collected on patient characteristics and diverse laboratory parameters. We performed univariate and multivariate statistics including logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional‐hazards regression.ResultsBaseline leucocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, thrombocytes, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, thrombocytes/lymphocyte ratio, eosinophil/lymphocyte ratio and serum vitamin D levels were not significantly associated with ORR, progression‐free survival (PFS) and melanoma‐specific survival (MSS). Multivariate analysis confirmed anti‐PD‐1 pretreatment as significant predictor for ORR following ipilimumab therapy. Low‐LDH levels and more than two ipilimumab cycles turned out to be significant independent predictors for prolonged PFS. Low‐S100B levels and anti‐PD‐1 treatment before or after ipilimumab were significant independent predictors for improved MSS. All aforementioned parameters and faecal calprotectin did not turn out to be predictors for ipilimumab‐induced autoimmune‐related adverse events and autoimmune colitis, respectively.ConclusionsLow serum LDH before ipilimumab treatment is an independent predictor for improved PFS. Furthermore, low serum S100B is an independent predictor for MSS. The number of ipilimumab cycles (>2) is significantly associated with prolonged PFS. Pretreatment calprotectin does not predict the occurrence of autoimmune colitis under ipilimumab therapy.
Learning quality through prices and word‐of‐mouth communication
Authors: Guadalupi Carla 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper studies the effect of word‐of‐mouth communication on the optimal pricing strategy for new experience goods. I consider a dynamic monopoly model with asymmetric information about product quality, in which consumers learn in equilibrium from both prices and other consumers. The main result is that word‐of‐mouth communication is essential for the existence of separating equilibria, wherein the high‐quality monopolist signals high quality through a low introductory price (lower than the monopoly price), and the low‐quality one charges the monopoly price. The intuition is simple: low prices are costly, and will only be used by firms confident enough that increased experimentation (and therefore communication among consumers) will yield good news about quality and increased future profits. Additional results are the following: for the high‐quality seller, the expected price (quantity) is increasing (decreasing) over time; whereas for the low‐quality one, the opposite is true. Moreover, signaling becomes more difficult when consumers pay less attention to their peers' reports and more attention to past prices. Finally, word‐of‐mouth communication improves consumer welfare.
Optimization of convective drying assisted by ultrasound for Mango Tommy (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Méndez‐Calderón Erika K. , Ocampo‐Castaño Juan C. , Orrego Carlos E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractConvective drying is a conventional method to prolong the shelf‐life of foods that could negatively affect the product quality due to the long exposure time to high temperature. Ultrasound (US) has been used for reducing the drying time while maintaining the product quality. In this study a Box‐Behnken design of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the effects of US time‐frequency (t), US power level (Pot), and hot air temperature (T) on the drying process time (DPT), apparent density (AD), and color difference (ΔE) of the dried mango slices (10.0 ± 1.0% wet basis). Fisher's statistical testing was performed for the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for quadratic regression equations. The optimization goals were to minimize the responses. Modeled optimized conditions were 52–55 °C, 45–60 W, and 3 min/30 min for T, Pot, and t, respectively. Energy consumption and carbon footprint were also estimated during the validation of the optimal drying conditions.Practical applicationsThis research explored the use of response surface methodology polynomial models fitted to the experimental data of US assisted drying assays to find the best values of air temperature, time‐frequency, and power of sonication for minimization of the drying process time (DPT) apparent density, and color difference of mango slices. The results specified ranges for the input‐variables where lower DPT and properly dried mango quality parameters co‐exist with important reductions in operational costs and carbon foot‐print compared with those estimated for conventional dehydration process. These findings are of interest toward the development of greener and more sustainable food drying processes.
Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis and Asia Pacific Association of Gastroenterology consensus on tuberculosis infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving anti‐tumor necrosis factor treatment. Part 2: Management
Authors: Park Dong Il , Hisamatsu Tadakazu , Chen Minhu , Ng Siew Chien , Ooi Choon Jin , Wei Shu Chen , Banerjee Rupa , Hilmi Ida Normiha , Jeen Yoon Tae , Han Dong Soo , Kim Hyo Jong , Ran Zhihua , Wu Kaichun , Qian Jiaming , Hu Pin‐Jin , Matsuoka Katsuyoshi , Andoh Akira , Suzuki Yasuo , Sugano Kentaro , Watanabe Mamoru , Hibi Toshifumi , Puri Amarender S , Yang Suk‐Kyun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBecause anti‐tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) therapy has become increasingly popular in many Asian countries, the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) among anti‐TNF users may raise serious health problems in this region. Thus, the Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis and the Asia Pacific Association of Gastroenterology have developed a set of consensus statements about risk assessment, detection and prevention of latent TB infection, and management of active TB infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving anti‐TNF treatment. Twenty‐three consensus statements were initially drafted and then discussed by the committee members. The quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations were assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. Web‐based consensus voting was performed by 211 IBD specialists from nine Asian countries concerning each statement. A consensus statement was accepted if at least 75% of the participants agreed. Part 2 of the statements comprised three parts: (3) management of latent TB in preparation for anti‐TNF therapy, (4) monitoring during anti‐TNF therapy, and (5) management of an active TB infection after anti‐TNF therapy. These consensus statements will help clinicians optimize patient outcomes by reducing the morbidity and mortality related to TB infections in patients with IBD receiving anti‐TNF treatment.
Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis and Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology consensus on tuberculosis infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving anti‐tumor necrosis factor treatment. Part 1: Risk assessment
Authors: Park Dong II , Hisamatsu Tadakazu , Chen Minhu , Ng Siew Chien , Ooi Choon Jin , Wei Shu Chen , Banerjee Rupa , Hilmi Ida Normiha , Jeen Yoon Tae , Han Dong Soo , Kim Hyo Jong , Ran Zhihua , Wu Kaichun , Qian Jiaming , Hu Pin‐Jin , Matsuoka Katsuyoshi , Andoh Akira , Suzuki Yasuo , Sugano Kentaro , Watanabe Mamoru , Hibi Toshifumi , Puri Amarender S , Yang Suk‐Kyun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBecause anti‐tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) therapy has become increasingly popular in many Asian countries, the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) among anti‐TNF users may raise serious health problems in this region. Thus, the Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis and the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology have developed a set of consensus statements about risk assessment, detection, and prevention of latent TB infection and management of active TB infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving anti‐TNF treatment. Twenty‐three consensus statements were initially drafted and then discussed by the committee members. The quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations were assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. Web‐based consensus voting was performed by 211 IBD specialists from nine Asian countries concerning each statement. A consensus statement was accepted if at least 75% of the participants agreed. Part 1 of the statements comprised two parts: (i) risk of TB infection during anti‐TNF therapy and (ii) screening for TB infection prior to commencing anti‐TNF therapy. These consensus statements will help clinicians optimize patient outcomes by reducing the morbidity and mortality related to TB infections in patients with IBD receiving anti‐TNF treatment.
Stress‐related cortisol responsivity modulates prospective memory
Authors: Glienke K. , Piefke M. 
Published: October 2017

It is known that there is inter‐individual variation in behavioural and physiological stress reactions to the same stressor. The present study aimed to examine the impact of cortisol responsivity on performance in a complex real life‐like prospective memory (PM) paradigm by a re‐analysis of data published previously, with a focus on the taxonomy of cognitive dimensions of PM. Twenty‐one male subjects were stressed with the Socially Evaluated Cold Pressor Test (SECPT) before the planning of intentions. Another group of 20 males underwent a control procedure. Salivary cortisol was measured to assess the intensity of the biological stress response. Additionally, participants rated the subjective experience of stress on a 5‐point rating scale. Stressed participants were post‐hoc differentiated in high (n = 11) and low cortisol responders (n = 10). Cortisol niveau differed significantly between the two groups, whereas subjective stress ratings did not. PM performance of low cortisol responders was stable across time and the PM performance of controls declined. High cortisol responders showed a nominally weaker PM retrieval across the early trails and significantly improved only on the last trial. The data demonstrate for the first time that participants with a low cortisol responsivity may benefit from stress exposure before the planning phase of PM. PM performance of high cortisol responders shows a more inconsistent pattern, which may be interpreted in the sense of a recency effect in PM retrieval. Alternatively, high cortisol responses may have a deteriorating effect on PM retrieval, which disappeared on the last trials of the task as a result of the decrease of cortisol levels across time. Importantly, the data also demonstrate that the intensity of cortisol responses does not necessarily correspond to the intensity of the mental experience of stress.
Health Impact of Climate Change in Older People: An Integrative Review and Implications for Nursing
Authors: Leyva Erwin William A. , Beaman Adam , Davidson Patricia M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposeOlder people account for the highest proportion of mortality from extreme weather events associated with climate change. This article aims to describe the health impacts of climate change on older people.Type of StudyAn integrative review was conducted with 30 studies retrieved from PubMed, EBSCO, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) on climate stressors, determinants of resilient capacity, risk factors, and health outcomes.FindingsHeat, temperature variability, and air pollution increase mortality risk in older people, especially from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Floods are linked with increasing incidence of post‐traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. Facing these adversities, older people exhibit both vulnerability and resilience.ConclusionsResearch gaps exist in understanding the full spectrum of the resilience experience of older people, and appreciating areas wherein nursing can play a pivotal role.Clinical RelevanceRecognizing the vulnerabilities of older people in the context of climate change is important. Identifying opportunities to promote resilience is an important focus for nurses to develop tailored and targeted nursing interventions.
The Leverage Ratchet Effect
Authors: ADMATI ANAT R. , DEMARZO PETER M. , HELLWIG MARTIN F. , PFLEIDERER PAUL 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTFirms’ inability to commit to future funding choices has profound consequences for capital structure dynamics. With debt in place, shareholders pervasively resist leverage reductions no matter how much such reductions may enhance firm value. Shareholders would instead choose to increase leverage even if the new debt is junior and would reduce firm value. These asymmetric forces in leverage adjustments, which we call the leverage ratchet effect, cause equilibrium leverage outcomes to be history‐dependent. If forced to reduce leverage, shareholders are biased toward selling assets relative to potentially more efficient alternatives such as pure recapitalizations.
Iraq, Afghanistan, and rethinking the post‐heroic turn: Military decorations as indicators of change in warfare
Authors: Powel Brieg 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article compares the awarding patterns of the two senior Anglophone military decorations, the British/Commonwealth Victoria Cross and the American Medal of Honor, to challenge arguments that a shift to ‘post‐heroic’ warfare has been in progress in Western societies since 1990. Despite the two decorations being independent of each other, each born of a particular military, political, and social context in their respective parent societies, the article reveals strong consistencies across the two. These include common understandings of military heroism centred on infantry‐ rather than machine‐intensive combat, and a shared neglect of armoured, aerial, and naval combatants. Crucially, the medal data suggests that, despite academic suggestions to the contrary, there was no discernible shift towards ‘post‐heroism’ in the post‐Cold War era. Such a shift, however, is observable between 1916 and 1920, suggesting that the ‘new Western way of war’ began far earlier than is often suggested.