bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating mixotrophic metabolism in the model diatomPhaeodactylum tricornutum
Authors: Villanova Valeria , Fortunato Antonio Emidio , Singh Dipali , Bo Davide Dal , Conte Melissa , Obata Toshihiro , Jouhet Juliette , Fernie Alisdair R. , Marechal Eric , Falciatore Angela , Pagliardini Julien , Le Monnier Adeline , Poolman Mark , Curien Gilles , Petroutsos Dimitris , Finazzi Giovanni 
Published: July 2017

Diatoms are prominent marine microalgae, interesting not only from an ecological point of view, but also for their possible use in biotechnology applications. They can be cultivated in phototrophic conditions, using sunlight as the sole energy source. Some diatoms, however, can also grow in a mixotrophic mode, wherein both light and external reduced carbon contribute to biomass accumulation. In this study, we investigated the consequences of mixotrophy on the growth and metabolism of the pennate diatomPhaeodactylum tricornutum, using glycerol as the source of reduced carbon. Transcriptomics, metabolomics, metabolic modelling and physiological data combine to indicate that glycerol affects the central-carbon, carbon-storage and lipid metabolism of the diatom. In particular, provision of glycerol mimics typical responses of nitrogen limitation on lipid metabolism at the level of triacylglycerol accumulation and fatty acid composition. The presence of glycerol, despite provoking features reminiscent of nutrient limitation, neither diminishes photosynthetic activity nor cell growth, revealing essential aspects of the metabolic flexibility of these microalgae and suggesting possible biotechnological applications of mixotrophy.This article is part of the themed issue ‘The peculiar carbon metabolism in diatoms'.
Modulation of lipid biosynthesis by stress in diatoms
Authors: Sayanova Olga , Mimouni Virginie , Ulmann Lionel , Morant-Manceau Annick , Pasquet Virginie , Schoefs Benoît , Napier Johnathan A. 
Published: July 2017

Diatoms are responsible for up to 40% of the carbon fixation in our oceans. The fixed carbon is moved through carbon metabolism towards the synthesis of organic molecules that are consumed through interlocking foodwebs, and this process is strongly impacted by the abiotic environment. However, it has become evident that diatoms can be used as ‘platform’ organisms for the production of high valuable bio-products such as lipids, pigments and carbohydrates where stress conditions can be used to direct carbon metabolism towards the commercial production of these compounds. In the first section of this review, some aspects of carbon metabolism in diatoms and how it is impacted by environmental factors are briefly described. The second section is focused on the biosynthesis of lipids and in particular omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and how low temperature stress impacts on the production of these compounds. In a third section, we review the recent advances in bioengineering for lipid production. Finally, we discuss new perspectives for designing strains for the sustainable production of high-value lipids.
This article is part of the themed issue ‘The peculiar carbon metabolism in diatoms’.
Genealogical properties of subsamples in highly fecund populations
Authors: Eldon Bjarki , Freund Fabian 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe consider some genealogical properties of nested samples. The complete sample is assumed to have been drawn from a natural population characterised by high fecundity and sweepstakes reproduction (abbreviated HFSR). The random gene genealogies of the samples are — due to our assumption of HFSR — modelled by coalescent processes which admit multiple mergers of ancestral lineages looking back in time. Among the genealogical properties we consider are the probability that the most recent common ancestor is shared between the complete sample and the subsample nested within the complete sample; we also compare the lengths of ‘internal’ branches of nested genealogies between different coalescent processes. The results indicate how ‘informative’ a subsample is about the properties of the larger complete sample, how much information is gained by increasing the sample size, and how the ‘informativeness’ of the subsample varies between different coalescent processes.
Multilevel analysis of ambidexterity and tagging of specialised projects in project-based information technology firms
Authors: Sohani Shrihari Suresh , Singh Manjari 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the expression of ambidexterity at the “between” projects level as well as the “within” project level in project-based information technology firms (PBITF). The research also provides a framework for the classification of specialised projects. This classification is essential to clarify the level of attention the project will receive with respect to the appropriation of resources and the requisite management bandwidth.Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws on a nine-month long field-based qualitative study and ensures a rigorous triangulation of the findings through an analysis of archival data and actual project artefacts.FindingsThe authors bring forth three critical implications for practice. First, strategizing ambidexterity at the level of “between” projects and “within” projects is heavily dependent on the interaction among distributed actors and partners. Second, routines and actions to deal with manpower constraints are completely different at these two levels. Lastly, the classification framework of specialised projects proposed here should enable firms to appropriately apportion resources to engagements that are strategic in nature.Originality/valueThe study extends the concept of ambidexterity to the “within” project level and finds it relevant at the lowest level in the project-based structure. Also, the framework for the classification of specialised projects that is provided will assist decision makers in PBIT firms to decide the organisational response to such projects.
Impact of a varied understanding of school bullying
Authors: Chandler Tara 
Published: July 2017

PurposeTraditional school bullying is complex and overlapping, hence research suggests there is a varied definition of the term (Cantyet al., 2016). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential effects of the term bullying on adolescent experiences of bullying. Additionally, the study examined bully, victim, bully-victim, and bystander identity as a moderating factor of experience of the term.Design/methodology/approachResearch appears to seldom offer adolescents the opportunity to discuss bullying using qualitative methods within naturalistic environments. Therefore, the current study adopted a phenomenological framework for adolescents to share their experiences. Data comprised recordings of semi-structured interviews and focus groups with adolescents (n=20) in high-school settings.FindingsThe current study supported the notion that adolescents perceive a varied use of the term bullying in schools. The sample experience a varied understanding of bullying in which they explain: increases exposure to bullying; impacts social perception of bullying; reduces trust in anti-bullying intervention; reduces coping self-efficacy amongst victims of bullying; and impacts negatively on friendships.Originality/valueFindings suggest a knowledge deficit in transferring information about school bullying from experts to non-experts. The sample indicated that a varied use of the term bullying has negative impact on their social and emotional functioning particularly; in managing distress and maintaining relationships. Additionally, inconsistent understanding of the term was said to increase the frequency of bullying, perception of bullying, and trust in intervention amongst the sample. Limitations of the research, recommendations for practice and intervention are briefly discussed.
It is rotating leaders who build the swarm: social network determinants of growth for healthcare virtual communities of practice
Authors: Antonacci Grazia , Fronzetti Colladon Andrea , Stefanini Alessandro , Gloor Peter 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the factors influencing the growth of healthcare virtual communities of practice (VCoPs) through a seven-year longitudinal study conducted using metrics from social-network and semantic analysis. By studying online communication along the three dimensions of social interactions (connectivity, interactivity and language use), the authors aim to provide VCoP managers with valuable insights to improve the success of their communities.Design/methodology/approachCommunications over a period of seven years (April 2008 to April 2015) and between 14,000 members of 16 different healthcare VCoPs coexisting on the same web platform were analysed. Multilevel regression models were used to reveal the main determinants of community growth over time. Independent variables were derived from social network and semantic analysis measures.FindingsResults show that structural and content-based variables predict the growth of the community. Progressively, more people will join a community if its structure is more centralised, leaders are more dynamic (they rotate more) and the language used in the posts is less complex.Research limitations/implicationsThe available data set included one Web platform and a limited number of control variables. To consolidate the findings of the present study, the experiment should be replicated on other healthcare VCoPs.Originality/valueThe study provides useful recommendations for setting up and nurturing the growth of professional communities, considering, at the same time, the interaction patterns among the community members, the dynamic evolution of these interactions and the use of language. New analytical tools are presented, together with the use of innovative interaction metrics, that can significantly influence community growth, such as rotating leadership.
Embedding innovation pedagogy in teaching journalism
Authors: Drake Merja Mari-Anne 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test how to integrate innovation pedagogy into journalism and information and communication technology (ICT) teaching while creating a new product for a national media industry. The objectives of the study were to create a new joint course model in which students from different degree programmes would learn and create products and services together in three different stages: networked and collaborative learning, group-based learning and individual learning.

Design/methodology/approach
Innovation pedagogy is a practically oriented method and can be used for doing applied research. This new learning approach defines how knowledge is assimilated, produced and used while innovating. The research focus is on applied research, and one vital aim is to enhance students’ ability to participate in research and development activities with businesses and other organisations in society.

Findings
The learning outcomes based on learning at all stages, i.e. individual, group and networks, were successfully achieved, and a new course model was created. However, the model needs further development.

Originality/value
Innovation pedagogy is a new learning approach. Innovation has been a buzz word in education for at least for a decade – some universities have even embedded innovative thinking throughout their curricula, leading to a new learning approach called innovation pedagogy. Could innovation pedagogy help us to achieve better learning outcomes? Do journalists really need innovation competences? Could journalists and ICT students study together? To answer these questions, the authors began an experiment that uses innovation pedagogy.
Internationalization of mobile telecommunications: a systematic literature review
Authors: Dike Marcellinus C. , Rose Elizabeth L. 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to map the relevant studies pertaining to internationalization in the mobile telecommunications (telecom) sector, with the aims of reflecting and categorizing what has already been studied on this topic, as a means of guiding future research.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the systematic literature review methodological approach, adopting the “Antecedents-Phenomenon-Consequences” theoretical framework as a guide. Consistent with this framework, they identify and categorize studies in the academic literature that have discussed the cross-border expansion of mobile telecom firms. Their review is based on 50 research publications, selected based on the relevance of their findings and their underlying arguments. The authors then categorized each piece’s findings and arguments into themes and sub-themes.FindingsThe authors find evidence that mobile network operators (MNOs) are driven into international markets by a collection of factors that can broadly be categorized as either firm-specific/country factors or the desire to capture first-mover advantages (FMAs). They also find evidence that the Uppsala stages model does not provide an appropriate explanation of MNOs’ internationalization patterns, with firms tending to skip posited stages. Market size, the regulatory environment and government policies appear to be key influences in MNOs’ choices of foreign investment locations, and despite being a driver of internationalization, FMAs often erode with the entry of competitors. MNOs tend to prefer collaborative entries over greenfield investments, especially in countries in which telecommunications infrastructure is already in place. Finally, there is no consensus with respect to whether internationality is positively associated with financial performance for MNOs.Originality/valueThis review of the literature offers value to both academia and practice, by providing both insights into what has already been studied with respect to the internationalization of mobile telecom firms and a guide for future research.
Factors affecting strategy implementation
Authors: Obeidat Bader Yousef , Al-Hadidi Alaa , Tarhini Ali , Masa’deh Ra’ed 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the operational process factors that affect successful strategy implementation in the Middle East.Design/methodology/approachFive operational process factors were studied (resource availability, communication, operational planning, people, control and feedback). Data were collected using a self-administrated questionnaire from employees who implement and/or are responsible for strategy implementation in 17 pharmaceutical companies. In total, 330 questionnaires were distributed, and a total of 259 were responded with a response rate of 78 per cent.FindingsFindings revealed that four of the operational process factors, namely, resource availability, communication, operational planning in addition to control and feedback, strongly affect the success of strategy implementation. Further, resource availability was ascertained to be the most influential factor, followed by control and feedback, then by communication, while people factor showed no effect on the implementation process.Practical implicationsIt is advised that, during the implementation phase, company management should provide staff employees with the necessary training and instructions to link employee performance with the overall reward and compensation system in the organization and to strengthen effective communication and coordination.Originality/valueThis is one of the few studies that cover operational process factors and successful strategy implementation and is the first study to test the model on companies in the pharmaceutical sector in the Middle East.
Analysing the relational components of systemic family therapy through the lenses of self positions and therapeutic alliance: an exploratory study
Authors: Balestra Francesca 
Published: July 2017

Several studies have stressed how relational components of therapy account for successful treatment more than techniques and therapeutic models. The relational domain lies at the heart of family therapy, yet systemic research on therapeutic relationship is still scarce. Process research developed different approaches identifying different aspects of the relational components that contribute to a successful psychotherapy. They have been usually considered separately. Building upon a qualitative analysis of the different Self positions in conversation by means of MAPP (Balestra and Fruggeri, ), and the analysis of therapeutic alliance by means of SOFTA (Friedlander et al., ), the purpose of this study is to explore how therapeutic alliance, which has often been considered the main component of the therapeutic relationship in common factors research, interrelates with the discursive construction of Self positions and contexts of meaning. The study stresses how these relational aspects interact in systemic marital and family therapy.Practitioner points

Outcomes and process studies underline that engagement, alliance, and the emergence of new meanings are the key elements for a successful psychotherapy
Process research tools can detect the different components of the therapeutic relationship and their interconnection in the development of a session
By being aware of the multifaceted components of the therapeutic relationship, clinicians may improve their ability to manage change processes while therapy is progressing
Death From Butane Inhalation Abuse in Teenagers: Two New Case Studies and Review of the Literature
Authors: Alunni Véronique , Gaillard Yvan , Castier François , Piercecchi‐Marti Marie‐Dominique , Quatrehomme Gérald 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe ready availability of butane makes butane abuse frequent. Fatalities are rare. This study presents two cases of death by butane overdose. The postmortem analyses were carried out using headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. It revealed femoral blood butane concentrations of 18 and 22 mg/L, respectively, as well as specific combinations of adjuvants in each victim. In one of the victims, brain and fatty tissue also contained butane, pointing to chronic consumption. The originality of this study is to show that the identification of specific combinations of adjuvants can be helpful for identifying the brand of deodorant used. Also, sampling the skin and mucosa can help identify the method of drug delivery. The histological examination documented both the direct toxic effect of the gas on the respiratory mucosa and signs of chronic abuse. Volatile substance intoxications should be systematically considered in case of sudden death in a teenager.
When is a sentinel node biopsy indicated for patients with primary melanoma? An update of the ‘Australian guidelines for the management of cutaneous melanoma’
Authors: Gyorki David E , Barbour Andrew , Hanikeri Mark , Mar Victoria , Sandhu Shahneen , Thompson John F 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA sentinel lymph node biopsy is a surgical staging procedure performed for patients with primary cutaneous melanoma who are clinically lymph‐node negative to determine whether there is low volume nodal metastasis in the draining lymph node field. A systematic review was recently performed to update the Australian clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of melanoma, addressing the question, ‘When is a sentinel lymph node biopsy indicated?’ This article discusses the findings of the systematic review and the evidence base for the updated guidelines.
DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa: a historical review
Authors: Rex A. S. , Aagaard J. , Fedder J. 
Published: July 2017

SummarySperm DNA Fragmentation has been extensively studied for more than a decade. In the 1940s the uniqueness of the spermatozoa protein complex which stabilizes the DNA was discovered. In the fifties and sixties, the association between unstable chromatin structure and subfertility was investigated. In the seventies, the impact of induced DNA damage was investigated. In the 1980s the concept of sperm DNA fragmentation as related to infertility was introduced as well as the first DNA fragmentation test: the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA). The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labelling (TUNEL) test followed by others was introduced in the nineties. The association between DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa and pregnancy loss has been extensively investigated spurring the need for a therapeutic tool for these patients. This gave rise to an increased interest in the aetiology of DNA damage. The present decade continues within this research area. Some of the more novel methods recently submerging are sorting of cells with increased DNA fragmentation and hyaluronic acid (HA) binding techniques. The clinical value of these tests remains to be elucidated. In spite of half a century of research within the area, this analysis is not routinely implemented into the fertility clinics. The underlying causes are multiple. The abundance of methods has impeded the need for a clinical significant threshold. One of the most promising methods was commercialized in 2005 and has been reserved for larger licensed laboratories. Myriads of reviews and meta‐analyses on studies using different assays for analysis of DNA fragmentation, different clinical Artificial Reproductive Treatments (ART), different definitions of successful ART outcome and small patient cohorts have been published. Although the area of DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa is highly relevant in the fertility clinics, the need for further studies focusing on standardization of the methods and clinical implementation persists.
Control of the Fluid Viscosity in a Mock Circulation
Authors: Boës Stefan , Ochsner Gregor , Amacher Raffael , Petrou Anastasios , Meboldt Mirko , Schmid Daners Marianne 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA mock circulation allows the in vitro investigation, development, and testing of ventricular assist devices. An aqueous‐glycerol solution is commonly used to mimic the viscosity of blood. Due to evaporation and temperature changes, the viscosity of the solution drifts from its initial value and therefore, deviates substantially from the targeted viscosity of blood. Additionally, the solution needs to be exchanged to account for changing viscosities when mimicking different hematocrits. This article presents a method to control the viscosity in a mock circulation. This method makes use of the relationship between temperature and viscosity of aqueous‐glycerol solutions and employs the automatic control of the viscosity of the fluid. To that end, an existing mock circulation was extended with an industrial viscometer, temperature probes, and a heating nozzle band. The results obtained with different fluid viscosities show that a viscosity controller is vital for repeatable experimental conditions on mock circulations. With a mixture ratio of 49 mass percent of aqueous‐glycerol solution, the controller can mimic a viscosity range corresponding to a hematocrit between 29 and 42% in a temperature range of 30–42°C. The control response has no overshoot and the settling time is 8.4 min for a viscosity step of 0.3 cP, equivalent to a hematocrit step of 3.6%. Two rotary blood pumps that are in clinical use are tested at different viscosities. At a flow rate of 5 L/min, both show a deviation of roughly 15 and 10% in motor current for high rotor speeds. The influence of different viscosities on the measured head pressure is negligible. Viscosity control for a mock circulation thus plays an important role for assessing the required motor current of ventricular assist devices. For the investigation of the power consumption of rotary blood pumps and the development of flow estimators where the motor current is a model input, an integrated viscosity controller is a valuable contribution to an accurate testing environment.