bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provider Response to QTc Prolongation on Standard 12‐Lead EKG: Do We Notice or Do We Care?
Authors: GOOD MEGHAN M. , RIAD FADY S. , GOOD CHESTER B. , SHALABY ALAA A. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundDrugs and electrolyte imbalances are widely recognized as common triggers of a prolonged QT interval. We conducted a chart review to assess provider response to prolonged QT reported on a standard 12‐lead electrocardiogram (EKG).MethodsWe identified all Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System patients in a 6‐month period with an EKG reporting a corrected QT (QTc) >500 ms. We excluded confounding or uninterpretable EKGs. Charts were reviewed to assess medications and electrolytes at the time of the EKG as well as the setting (inpatient vs outpatient) in which the EKG was obtained. Provider documentation of QTc and any corrective measures were sought.ResultsAfter exclusions, 106 patients were included in this analysis (87 [82%] inpatient and 19 [18%] outpatient). Most were male (101, 95%) with a mean age of 63.5 ± 10.6 years. At the time of index EKG, most patients were receiving at least one (72, 68%), and frequently two or more (35, 33%), QTc prolonging medications. Providers documented QTc prolongation in 20 inpatients (19%). Drugs were adjusted or discontinued in only two inpatients (2%). There were 14 patients (14%) with potassium level <3.6 mmol/L and 10 of 69 (14%) patients had a magnesium level <1.7 mg/dL.ConclusionPatients with prolonged QTc on EKG were more likely to be inpatients than outpatients. Inpatients were more likely to be receiving multiple types and classes of QTc prolonging medications. In the vast majority of cases, providers did not address the prolonged QTc and only rarely initiated remedial actions.
Enhanced T helper 1 and 2 cytokine responses at birth associate with lower risk of middle ear infections in infancy
Authors: Bergroth Eija , Roponen Marjut , Karvonen Anne M. , Keski‐Nisula Leea , Remes Sami , Riedler Josef , Roduit Caroline , Dalphin Jean‐Charles , Kaulek Vincent , Loss Georg J. , Lauener Roger , Hirvonen Maija‐Riitta , Genuneit Jon , Schmaußer‐Hechfellner Elisabeth , Renz Harald , Pfefferle Petra I. , Krauss‐Etschmann Susanne , Schaub Bianca , von Mutius Erika , Pekkanen Juha ,   the PASTURE Study Group
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory tract infections and their symptoms are frequent during early childhood, but their risk factors, including the effect of early immune regulation, are less known. The aim of the study was to analyze whether stimulated cord blood cytokine production is associated with the frequency of respiratory tract infection symptoms or infections during the first year of life.MethodsThe study population consisted of children of mothers from farm or non‐farm rural environment from Austria, Finland, Germany, and Switzerland who participated in a prospective birth cohort study (PASTURE: Protection against Allergy—Study in Rural Environments) (N = 550). Cord blood samples were stimulated with the combination of phorbol ester and ionomycin (P/I) for 24 h, and the production of IL‐5, IL‐10, TNF‐α, and IFN‐γ was determined using ELISA. Information about infectious morbidity was collected using weekly diaries.ResultsP/I‐stimulated production of IL‐5 (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) for ≤median production, 0.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.25–0.55, aRR for >median production, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.27–0.61 vs. production <detection limit) and IFN‐γ (aRR for ≤median production, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40–0.95, aRR for >median production, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.25–0.62 vs. production <detection limit) in cord blood were associated with lower number of weeks with reported middle ear infection. There was a tendency toward positive association with P/I‐stimulated TNF‐α production and middle ear infections.ConclusionOur results suggest that increased Th2‐ and Th1‐associated cytokine responses at birth may provide protection from later middle ear infections.
Identification and molecular mapping of Flowering Date1 (FD1), a major photoperiod insensitivity gene in the adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)
Authors: Yamamoto Hiroki , Horiuchi Yuki , Ogura Reina , Sakai Hiroaki , Sato Hitoshi , Kato Kiyoaki 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe induction of flowering under long‐day conditions is an important adaptation by short‐day plants, such as adzuki beans (Vigna angularis), to high‐latitude environments. This study clarified the genetic control underlying the long‐day insensitivity of adzuki bean cultivar ‘Shumari’. ‘Shumari’ was found to be insensitive to a 16‐h day, whereas landrace Acc2265 was highly sensitive. When grown under natural long‐day conditions at Obihiro (42°9′N), Acc2265 initiated flowering at least 80 days after ‘Shumari’. When 86 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from crosses between ‘Shumari’ and Acc2265 were grown under these conditions, their flowering dates ranged from the middle of July to the end of October. The distinct bimodal distribution in the RIL population was due to a single major gene, designated Flowering Date1 (FD1). Molecular mapping showed that FD1 was located between the SSR markers Az02‐37M3 and Az02‐40M9, at distances of 6 and 10.4 cM, respectively, on linkage group 2. RILs carrying FD1S lacked long‐day sensitivity, whereas RILs carrying FD1A were sensitive to long‐day conditions, confirming that FD1 controls long‐day sensitivity.
C4 photosynthesis in C3 rice: a theoretical analysis of biochemical and anatomical factors
Authors: Wang Shuyue , Tholen Danny , Zhu Xin‐Guang 
Published: September 2016

AbstractEngineering C4 photosynthesis into rice has been considered a promising strategy to increase photosynthesis and yield. A question that remains to be answered is whether expressing a C4 metabolic cycle into a C3 leaf structure and without removing the C3 background metabolism improves photosynthetic efficiency. To explore this question, we developed a 3D reaction diffusion model of bundle‐sheath and connected mesophyll cells in a C3 rice leaf. Our results show that integrating a C4 metabolic pathway into rice leaves with a C3 metabolism and mesophyll structure may lead to an improved photosynthesis under current ambient CO2 concentration. We analysed a number of physiological factors that influence the CO2 uptake rate, which include the chloroplast surface area exposed to intercellular air space, bundle‐sheath cell wall thickness, bundle‐sheath chloroplast envelope permeability, Rubisco concentration and the energy partitioning between C3 and C4 cycles. Among these, partitioning of energy between C3 and C4 photosynthesis and the partitioning of Rubisco between mesophyll and bundle‐sheath cells are decisive factors controlling photosynthetic efficiency in an engineered C3–C4 leaf. The implications of the results for the sequence of C4 evolution are also discussed.
Knowing Your Ability
Authors: Lau Tszyuen , Wang Yanjing 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this article, we present an attempt to reconcile intellectualism and the anti‐intellectualist ability account of knowledge‐how by reducing “S knows how to F” to, roughly speaking, “S knows that she has the ability to F demonstrated by a concrete way w.” More precisely, “S has a certain ability” is further formalized as the proposition that S can guarantee a certain goal by a concrete way w of some method under some precondition. Having the knowledge of our own ability, we can plan our future actions accordingly, which would not be possible by merely having the ability without knowing it, and this pinpoints the crucial difference between knowledge‐how and ability. Our semi‐formal account avoids most of the objections to both intellectualism and the anti‐intellectualist ability account, and provides a multistage learning process of knowledge‐how, which reveals various subtleties.
Discussion of ‘Oceanographic and eustatic control of carbonate platform evolution and sequence stratigraphy on the Cretaceous (Valanginian–Campanian) passive margin, northern Gulf of Mexico’ by Phelps et al. (2014), Sedimentology, 61, 461–496
Authors: Rose Peter R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractErrors in Phelps et al. () arise from: (i) inclusion of the East Texas Basin and basin‐flank formations in a regional stratigraphic transect purported to represent the San Marcos Arch (axis of the Comanche Platform, central and south Texas); and (ii) revision of Edwards Group strata (Person Formation) that ignores well‐documented studies in the subsurface and adjacent outcrops in the Balcones fault zone and Edwards Plateau. Consequently, the Upper Albian Composite Sequence 104–101 of Phelps et al. () should be revised from one cycle to three and the upper boundary of the Albian Supersequence should be elevated to 99·6 Ma.
Lack of Response to HBHA in HIV‐Infected Patients with Latent Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Delogu G. , Vanini V. , Cuzzi G. , Chiacchio T. , De Maio F. , Battah B. , Pinnetti C. , Sampaolesi A. , Antinori A. , Goletti D. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHeparin‐binding haemagglutinin (HBHA) has been proposed as an immunological biomarker for discriminating active tuberculosis (TB) from latent TB infection (LTBI) and to identify those at higher risk of progressing to active disease. Few data are available in immune‐compromised patients, which are those with increased risk of TB reactivation. The aim of this stusy was to evaluate the immune response to HBHA in HIV‐infected subjects with LTBI (HIV‐LTBI) or active TB (HIV‐TB) in comparison with the immune response to additional Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) or HIV and CMV antigens. The responses are evaluated in relation to TB status and in the LTBI subjects with the progression to active TB within 2 years. Forty‐one HIV‐infected antiretroviral‐naïve subjects were prospectively enrolled: 18 were HIV‐TB and 23 HIV‐LTBI. Whole blood was in vitro stimulated overnight with several antigens and mitogen. Interferon‐γ response in the harvested plasma was evaluated by ELISA. Despite that CD4 cell count was significantly different between HIV‐LTBI and HIV‐TB, no differences were observed in response to Mtb‐ or HIV‐specific antigens. Differently, low responses to HBHA were observed in both HIV‐LTBI and HIV‐TB subjects. Importantly, none of the six HIV‐LTBI responding to HBHA developed TB, while two of 17 non‐HBHA responders developed active disease. HIV‐TB‐coinfected subjects, regardless of their TB status, showed low responses to HBHA despite maintaining detectable responses to other antigens; moreover, among the HIV‐LTBI, the lack of HBHA responses indicated an increased risk to develop active TB. These results, although preliminary, suggest that a positive response to HBHA in HIV‐LTBI correlates with Mtb containment.
In vivo Identification of the Passive Mechanical Properties of Deep Soft Tissues in the Human Leg
Authors: Frauziols F. , Chassagne F. , Badel P. , Navarro L. , Molimard J. , Curt N. , Avril S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA non‐invasive method is proposed to identify in vivo the passive mechanical properties of deep soft tissues in the human leg. Force‐displacement curves in response to a localized compression of the calf are measured with a custom made experimental set‐up. The material parameters of a finite element model are then calibrated against the experimental curves using a genetic algorithm. A thorough investigation of the efficacy of this method to identify such mechanical properties is conducted through a design of experiments analysis and mixed numerical–experimental validations. It is the first time that a thorough analysis is conducted to really separate the contribution of deep and superficial tissues in the response to compression tests, and this permits to estimate the parameters of deep soft tissues on four subjects independently of the response of their other tissues. Two strain energy density functions are compared. It is shown that a 2nd order‐reduced polynomial better describes the passive mechanical behavior of the deep soft tissues of the leg than the neo‐Hookean model.
The influence of sodium bicarbonate on maximal force and rates of force development in the triceps surae and brachii during fatiguing exercise
Authors: Siegler Jason C. , Mudie Kurt , Marshall Paul 
Published: September 2016

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Does metabolic alkalosis in humans, induced by sodium bicarbonate, affect rates of skeletal muscle fatigue differentially in muscle groups composed predominately of slow‐ and fast‐twitch fibres?

What is the main finding and its importance?
Sodium bicarbonate exhibited no effect on the fatigue profile observed between triceps surae and brachii muscle groups during and after 2 min of tetanic stimulation. For the first time in exercising humans, we have profiled the effect of sodium bicarbonate on the voluntary and involuntary contractile characteristics of muscle groups representative of predominately slow‐ and fast‐twitch fibres.

The effect of metabolic alkalosis on fibre‐specific maximal force production and rates of force development (RFD) has been investigated previously in animal models, with evidence suggesting an improved capacity to develop force rapidly in fast‐ compared with slow‐twitch muscle. We have attempted to model in vivo the fatigue profile of voluntary and involuntary maximal force and RFD in the triceps surae and brachii after sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion. In a double‐blind, three‐way repeated‐measures design, participants (n = 10) ingested either 0.3 g kg−1 NaHCO3 (ALK) or equivalent calcium carbonate (PLA) prior to 2 min of continuous (1 Hz) supramaximal stimulation (300 ms at 40 Hz) of the triceps surae or brachii, with maximal voluntary efforts (maximal voluntary torque) coupled with direct muscle stimulation also measured at baseline, 1 and 2 min. Metabolic alkalosis was achieved in both ALK trials but was not different between muscle groups. Regardless of the conditions, involuntary torque declined nearly 60% in the triceps brachii (P < 0.001) and ∼30% in the triceps surae (P < 0.001). In all trials, there was a significant decline in normalized involuntary RFD (P < 0.05). Maximal voluntary torque declined nearly 28% but was not different between conditions (P < 0.01), and although declining nearly 21% in voluntary RFD (P < 0.05) there was no difference between PLA and ALK in either muscle group (P = 0.93). Sodium bicarbonate exhibited no effect on the fatigue observed between representative fibre‐type muscle groups on maximal voluntary and involuntary torque or rates of torque development during and after 2 min of tetanic stimulation.
Impaired central respiratory chemoreflex in an experimental genetic model of epilepsy
Authors: Totola Leonardo T. , Takakura Ana C. , Oliveira José Antonio C. , Garcia‐Cairasco Norberto , Moreira Thiago S. 
Published: September 2016

Key points
It is recognized that seizures commonly cause apnoea and oxygen desaturation, but there is still a lack in the literature about the respiratory impairments observed ictally and in the post‐ictal period.
Respiratory disorders may involve changes in serotonergic transmission at the level of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN).
In this study, we evaluated breathing activity and the role of serotonergic transmission in the RTN with a rat model of tonic–clonic seizures, the Wistar audiogenic rat (WAR).
We conclude that the respiratory impairment in the WAR could be correlated to an overall decrease in the number of neurons located in the respiratory column.

AbstractRespiratory disorders may involve changes in serotonergic neurotransmission at the level of the chemosensitive neurons located in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN). Here, we investigated the central respiratory chemoreflex and the role of serotonergic neurotransmission in the RTN with a rat model of tonic–clonic seizures, the Wistar audiogenic rat (WAR). We found that naive or kindled WARs have reduced resting ventilation and ventilatory response to hypercapnia (7% CO2). The number of chemically coded (Phox2b+/TH−) RTN neurons, as well as the serotonergic innervation to the RTN, was reduced in WARs. We detected that the ventilatory response to serotonin (1 mm, 50 nl) within the RTN region was significantly reduced in WARs. Our results uniquely demonstrated a respiratory impairment in a genetic model of tonic–clonic seizures, the WAR strain. More importantly, we demonstrated an overall decrease in the number of neurons located in the ventral respiratory column (VRC), as well as a reduction in serotonergic neurons in the midline medulla. This is an important step forward to demonstrate marked changes in neuronal activity and breathing impairment in the WAR strain, a genetic model of epilepsy.
Effect of Compression Socks Worn Between Repeated Maximal Running Bouts
Authors: Brophy-Williams Ned , Driller Matthew W. , Kitic Cecilia M. , Fell James W. , Halson Shona L. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose:To determine the effect of wearing compression socks between repeated running bouts on perceptual, physiological, and performance-based parameters.Methods:Twelve well-trained male runners (mean ± SD 5-km time 19:24 ± 1:19 [min:s]) recorded their perceptions of the efficacy of compression socks for recovery before completion of 2 experimental sessions. Each session consisted of two 5-km running time trials (TT1 and TT2) on a treadmill, with a 1-h recovery period between. In a randomized crossover design, 1 session required participants to wear compression socks during the recovery period, and no compression socks were worn between TTs in the other session (control).Results:Running performance between TT1 and TT2 for runners wearing compression socks was similar between TTs (mean Δ 5.3 ± 20.7 s, d = 0.07, P = .20), whereas for control runners, performance significantly decreased in the second TT (mean Δ 15.9 ± 13.3 s, d = 0.19, P < .01). When grouped by perception of efficacy for compression socks, participants with strong beliefs (n = 7) experienced improved subsequent running performance with compression socks (mean Δ –3.6 ± 19.2 s, d = 0.05, P = .32) compared with those with neutral or negative perceptions (n = 5; mean Δ 17.9 ± 17.0 s, d = 0.19, P = .04). Cross-sectional area of the calf and muscle soreness were significantly reduced during the recovery period with the use of compression socks (P < .01), whereas ratings of fatigue showed no difference between conditions.Conclusions:Wearing compression socks between repeated running bouts can aid recovery and subsequent performance. Furthermore, subsequent exercise performance may be even further enhanced when athletes believe in the efficacy of compression socks to assist in recovery between exercise bouts.
Complete Genome Sequence of Lactococcus lactis subsp.
lactis
A12, a Strain Isolated from Wheat Sourdough
Authors: Guellerin Maéva , Passerini Delphine , Fontagné-Faucher Catherine , Robert Hervé , Gabriel Valérie , Loux Valentin , Klopp Christophe , Le Loir Yves , Coddeville Michèle , Daveran-Mingot Marie-Line , Ritzenthaler Paul , Le Bourgeois Pascal 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequence of
Lactococcus lactis
subsp.
lactis
strain A12, a strain isolated from sourdough. The circular chromosome and the four plasmids reveal genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism that are potentially required for the persistence of this strain in such a complex ecosystem.
Complete Genome Sequence of a New Enterococcus faecalis Bacteriophage, vB_EfaS_IME197
Authors: Cheng Shi , Xing Shaozhen , Zhang Xianglilan , Pei Guangqian , An Xiaoping , Mi Zhiqiang , Huang Yong , Tong Yigang 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the whole-genome sequence of a new
Enterococcus faecalis
phage, vB_EfaS_IME197, which has a linear double-stranded DNA genome of 41,307 bp with 34% G+C content. We describe the main features of the genome of vB_EfaS_IME197.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Potential Probiotic, Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10, Isolated from Fermented Aloreña Table Olives
Authors: Abriouel Hikmate , Pérez Montoro Beatriz , Casado Muñoz María del Carmen , Lavilla Lerma Leyre , Hidalgo Pestaña Marina , Caballero Gómez Natacha , Franz Charles M. A. P. , Gálvez Antonio , Benomar Nabil 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here a 3,698,214-bp complete genome sequence of a potential probiotic
Lactobacillus pentosus
strain, MP-10, isolated from brines of naturally fermented Aloreña green table olives; it is considered the largest sequenced genome among lactobacilli to date. The annotated genome sequence revealed the presence of 3,558 open reading frames (ORFs) and 87 structural RNAs.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Streptomyces
sp. Strain PTY087I2, Isolated from
Styela canopus
, a Panamanian Tunicate
Authors: Gromek Samantha M. , Sung Anne A. , Klassen Jonathan L. , Balunas Marcy J. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

Streptomyces
sp. PTY087I2 is a marine bacterium isolated from
Styela canopus
, a tunicate collected in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Here, we report a draft genome sequence for this bacterium, found to have 94.7% average nucleotide identity (ANI) with
Streptomyces roseosporus
NRRL 11379, and containing a diverse suite of secondary metabolite gene clusters.
Genome Sequence of the Listeria monocytogenes Food Isolate HPB913, Collected in Canada in 1993
Authors: Pightling Arthur W. , Rand Hugh , Strain Errol , Pagotto Franco 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

Listeria monocytogenes
is a pathogenic bacterium of importance to public health and food safety agencies. We present the genome sequence of the serotype 1/2a
L. monocytogenes
food isolate HPB913, which was collected in Canada in 1993 as part of an investigation into a sporadic case of foodborne illness.
Draft Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica
Serovar Bardo Strain CRJJGF_00099 (Phylum
Gammaproteobacteria
)
Authors: Gupta Sushim K. , McMillan Elizabeth A. , Jackson Charlene R. , Desai Prerak T. , Porwollik Steffen , McClelland Michael , Hiott Lari M. , Humayoun Shaheen B. , Frye Jonathan G. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we report a 4.87-Mbp draft genome sequence of the multidrug-resistant (MDR)
Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
serovar Bardo strain CRJJGF_00099, isolated from dairy cattle in 2005.
Draft Genome Sequence of the White-Rot Fungus
Obba rivulosa
3A-2
Authors: Miettinen Otto , Riley Robert , Barry Kerrie , Cullen Dan , de Vries Ronald P. , Hainaut Matthieu , Hatakka Annele , Henrissat Bernard , Hildén Kristiina , Kuo Rita , LaButti Kurt , Lipzen Anna , Mäkelä Miia R. , Sandor Laura , Spatafora Joseph W. , Grigoriev Igor V. , Hibbett David S. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the first genome sequence of the white-rot fungus
Obba rivulosa
(Polyporales, Basidiomycota), a polypore known for its lignin-decomposing ability. The genome is based on the homokaryon 3A-2 originating in Finland. The genome is typical in size and carbohydrate active enzyme (CAZy) content for wood-decomposing basidiomycetes.
Draft Genome Sequences of
Shewanella
sp. Strain UCD-FRSP16_17 and Nine
Vibrio
Strains Isolated from Abalone Feces
Authors: Vater Ashley , Agbonavbare Vivian , Carlin Dylan A. , Carruthers Griselda M. , Chac Adam , Doroud Ladan , Farris Samuel J. , Gudzeva Melanya , Jospin Guillaume , Kintner John A. , Knauss Jonathon P. , Lor Yi , Pechacek Randi , Rohner Eden S. , Simmons Sierra M. V. , Verescshagina Mayya , Wirawan Christian S. , Zagal Leonel , Coil David A. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

We present here the draft genome sequences for nine strains of
Vibrio
(
V. cyclitrophicus
,
V. splendidus
,
V. tasmaniensis
, and three unidentified) and one
Shewanella
strain. Strains were isolated from red (
Haliotis rufescens
) and white (
Haliotis sorenseni
) abalone, with and without exposure to “
Candidatus
Xenohaliotis californiensis,” the causative agent of abalone withering syndrome.