bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Aware Competition-Based Unequal Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Gupta Rohit , Chauhan Vinith 
Published: September 2024

In wireless sensor networks, there is a limitation of energy resources. For the enhancement of the network's operational lifetime, energy resources need to be utilized efficiently. In this paper, the energy aware competition-based unequal clustering (EACUC) protocol is suggested where issues related to energy efficiency and energy holes are addressed. In the EACUC protocol, the competition radius is calculated with the help of two parameters, that is, distance from BS and residual energy, and also the cluster radius is further resized based on the node degree. The most appropriate nodes are identified as cluster heads in a competition radius after consideration of two vital parameters: residual energy and node degree. In the suggested EACUC protocol, to lessen the communication overheads, the cluster structure is kept for a set count of communication rounds. The results are simulated in MATLAB, and the performance of the suggested EACUC protocol is compared with four existing protocols: energy-efficient uneven clustering (EEUC), energy aware unequal clustering using fuzzy approach (EAUCF), unequal cluster radius based on node density (URBD), and energy aware unequal clustering algorithm (EAUCA). The results show that EACUC protocol enhances the network operational life by 11.12%, 22.98%, 30.96%, and 46.26% for scenario-1 (base station at center) and 10.63%, 16.41%, 28.21%, and 33.34% for scenario-2 (base station at the corner) compared to EAUCA, URBD, EAUCF, and EEUC, respectively. The outcomes permit the significant improvement in the network lifespan for the suggested EACUC protocol and guarantee consistent energy consumption in addition to resolving the energy hole issue.

Received: 16 April 2024 | Revised: 19 June 2024 | Accepted: 22 July 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Rohit Gupta: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization. Vinith Chauhan: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Resources, Data curation, Supervision, Project administration.
Communication Strategies to Counter Violent Extremism in Pakistan
Authors: Bokhari Amal , Saqib Rehman  , Noor Nadia , Ullah Aman 
Published: September 2024

Purpose - Violent extremism has disrupted the social harmony of many countries all over the globe. Pakistan has been marked as an extremist state, becoming one of Pakistan's biggest challenges. This study aims to look at the strategic communication on countering violent extremism in Pakistan. Violent extremism is likely to increase in the environment marked by a culture of inadequate governance, democratic deficits, corruption, impunity against illegal acts by the nation, violation of human rights, and lack of security.
Study Design/Methodology/Approach - An exploratory research approach has been applied. For this purpose, data has been collected through literature review and electronic databases to determine the communication strategies that may counter violent extremism in Pakistan. This is a policy paper that outlines the rise in violent extremism worldwide and how these challenges can be rectified by providing solutions.
Findings- This paper highlights the antecedents of violent extremism in Pakistan including poor and inadequate governance, lack of socio-economic opportunities, violation of human rights, lack of justice, and discrimination. The communication strategies that have been used to address violent extremism include target messaging, persuasive and power strategy, use of social media, intergovernmental communication, and education. These strategies may be applied to control violent extremism in Pakistan.
Practical Implications- Counter-violent extremism strategies have been gaining attention from policymakers and practitioners to overcome the challenges for the past few years. This research has highlighted the ways to counter violent extremism that may help policymakers to develop effective strategies and policies in the local context of Pakistan.
Originality/Novelty- This paper has synthesized a model that will help policymakers use strategic communications to counter violent extremism. It emphasized that strategic communication can be a vital element integrated into politics, and action can be taken to handle violent extremism and radicalization.
Differential Impact of Commodity Price Shocks on Export of Textile Industrial Chain of Pakistan
Authors: Iram Humera , Jabbar Abdul , Bhatti Arshad Ali 
Published: September 2024

Purpose - In Pakistan, textiles account for 60% of total export earnings, fluctuations in textile prices have a significant impact on foreign earnings, national income, and the country’s terms of trade. This study attempts to highlight the fact that commodity price shocks have industrial differences and price shock is transmitted along with textile industries chain from upstream industries to downstream industries.
Design/methodology/approach - It uses monthly data over the period July 2008 to June 2020 and employs the SVAR model.
Findings - The finding of the study provides insight that downstream industries are the most affected industries by commodity price shocks. Whereas the upstream industries do not respond significantly to these shocks. However, midstream industries are negatively affected by food and education price shocks. The results of our analysis provide a clear view to policymakers that which category of commodity price shocks can lead to a boom and which to bust.
Originality/value – This is our original work to the best of our knowledge, there is no well-known study that has been conducted to examine the commodity price transmission mechanism for the exports of the textile industry chain of Pakistan.
Limitations/Implications – Our results provide guidance to policymakers that one policy for all is not a good option as all industries of the textile industry chain are not affected by these shocks equally.
Digital Financial Literacy and Business Success of SMEs in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Hafiz Sohrab Ali , Muhammad Ishtiaq  , Muhammad Fayyaz Sheikh  , Riaz Ahsan 
Published: September 2024

Purpose-Role of SMEs in growth of an economy is unquestionable. In developing countries like Pakistan SMEs make notable contributions. Despite the growth of the other sectors in economy, among other factors, scarcity of financial and technical knowledge is the main reason for failure of SME sector in developing countries. Previous research has focused on financial aspects to measure the success but ignored the financial knowledge aspect. Therefore, current study covers financial knowledge aspect with the use of current digital channels. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of Digital Financial Literacy on Business success of SMEs. The study will also check the role of enterprise risk management practices as mediator between the two variables.
Design/Methodology/Approach-Structure questionnaires are used to collect the data for this study. 360 questionnaires filled by SME owner/top manager were received in two waves from various sectors of SMEs. Hayes Process Macro using SPSS and Amos v.24 has been used for analysis of data.
Findings-After data analysis, results of the study shows that digital financial literacy has positive impact on business success of SMEs and enterprise risk management practices partially mediate the relationship between the two variables.
Practical Implications-This study provides notable applications for SME owners and top managers by establishing the strong linkage between digital financial literacy and business success. The study authenticates the importance of technical and financial education in SME sector to assure the business success. The study validates the implication of risk management practice in SMEs.
Originality/Value-Limited research work exists in literature to check the impact of financial literacy on business success for SMEs. Literature about impact of digital financial literacy on business success is rare. That is why the current study contributes the literature by providing empirical evidence. Study also contributes the literature by providence the evidence of positive linkage between digital financial literacy and business success through risk management practices.
Conexões entre a atuação do nutricionista e o alcance das metas de desenvolvimento sustentável para promoção da saúde e bem-estar do trabalhador em Serviços de Alimentação
Authors: Brito Herbenny Hellen Medeiros de , Faustino Maria Luísa Meira , Figueiredo Tayana Cabral , Seabra Larissa Mont’Alverne Jucá , Rolim Priscilla Moura 
Published: September 2024

A alimentação coletiva desempenha papel importante para o desenvolvimento sustentável relacionado à saúde e bem-estar, uma vez que configura-se como ambiente alimentar que interfere diretamente em desfechos de saúde na população. Este estudo objetivou mapear as evidências científicas sobre as conexões entre a atuação do nutricionista e o alcance das metas de desenvolvimento sustentável para promoção da saúde e bem-estar do trabalhador dos serviços de alimentação coletiva. Utilizou-se as recomendações do PRISMA-ScR para busca e seleção de artigos em bases de dados PubMed, ScienceDirect e Google Scholar, sem limite temporal e restrição de idioma. A pergunta de pesquisa foi baseada no mnemônico PCC (problema, conceito e contexto) definida “Como o nutricionista pode atuar para o cumprimento da meta 3.4. do objetivo do desenvolvimento sustentável relacionando o controle de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e a promoção de saúde mental e bem-estar do trabalhador no contexto da alimentação coletiva?”. Foram encontrados um total de 1.715 estudos, destes, 34 artigos foram incluídos para revisão. Majoritariamente (88%) os estudos foram realizados no Brasil com foco principalmente na avaliação da qualidade nutricional dos cardápios, com destaque para cardápios hiperproteicos e hiperlipídicos, e excesso de sódio; além das condições ambientais com a presença de riscos físicos e ergonômicos. Os estudos demonstram que os ambientes dos serviços de alimentação podem estar associados ao adoecimento de seus trabalhadores, por doenças crônicas, doenças ocupacionais e/ou distúrbios psicológicos. Os nutricionistas podem minimizar esse cenário particularmente por meio do planejamento de cardápios saudáveis e sustentáveis, promoção de ações de vigilância da saúde do trabalhador, avaliação periódica do estado nutricional dos trabalhadores e fomento da liderança participativa a fim de contribuir para desenvolvimento sustentável.
Navigating Transitions: Factor Analysis of Competencies in Military Officers
Authors: Abhinav Kumar  
Published: September 2024

The current paper’s purpose is to develop a competency model for the retired armed forces officers which would assist in identification of the major competencies of Military officers and would allow HR professional in better recruitment and further human resource development of the organizations. This study uses literature review and expert opinion to arrive at a set of competencies which characterize Military officers. The competencies, thus identified are factor analysed to reduce it to the critical competencies which forms the basis of the competency model. An analysis of the literature identifies various competencies including skills and traits which are the characteristics of military officers. These are validated through expert opinions to arrive at a set of 28 competencies which define the managerial traits of Military officers. The Military officers develop these competencies over their service period. Further factor analysis reduces these factors to a cluster of six critical competencies developed into a model, which would form the basis for various HR based decisions. The scope of this research paper is limited to the basic managerial competencies which define the Military officers. The paper arrives at a competency model specific to Military officers that would lay the foundation for the HR professionals in recruiting this trained workforce and further help them in planning their development and career progression.
On Discrete Harmonic Distributions related with Harmonic Mean Random Variable
Authors: Prasanta Kumar Das  
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of harmonically distributed discrete random variable. We define probability mass function such as harmonic mass function, exponential harmonic mass function, natural logarithmic harmonic mass function and their associated cumulative distribution functions. Existence the distribution is shown with some examples. Finally harmonic mass function is used to solve a run-time problem and a capacitance problem as an application of the distribution in the field of electrical engineering.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A OBRA “POSSIBILIDADES METODOLÓGICAS PARA A ABORDAGEM DO ESPORTE NAS CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS”
Authors: Oliveira Jonathan Rocha de , Vargas Pauline Peixoto Iglesias 
Published: September 2024

A presente resenha buscou apresentar e discutir as contribuições do livro “Possibilidades metodológicas para a abordagem do esporte nas Ciências Sociais”. Trata-se de uma coletânea de textos, escritos por 22 pesquisadores vinculados a universidades do Paraná/Brasil. Cada um deles abordou um método científico para ser utilizado em pesquisas sobre esporte e lazer na área das Ciências Sociais. A obra representa um avanço para a produção do conhecimento científico nas Ciências Sociais ao dialogar com um rico arcabouço teórico da literatura, exemplificar a utilização das distintas metodologias abordadas (de cunho qualitativo, quantitativo e misto) de modo prático, ilustrativo e didático. É possível identificar os principais referenciais teóricos, as vantagens e desvantagens de cada método e procedimentos adequados para se trabalhar com as metodologias contempladas.
EQUILIBRIO CORPORAL E ATIVIDADE FÍSICA DE IDOSOS DE DIFERENTES CLASSES ECONÔMICAS DA CIDADE DE PASSOS - MG
Authors: Rosa Rander Junior 
Published: September 2024

O estudo analisou o nível de atividade física dos idosos de diferentes classes econômica e a sua associação com o equilíbrio corporal. Participação do estudo 40 idosos, de ambos os sexos. Os idosos foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo de classe econômica alta (CEA) e grupo de classe econômica baixa (CEB). Para avaliação do estudo foi utilizado o teste de Tinetti e o questionário de Baecke modificado para idosos (QBMI). A média de idade constituiu de 68,95 ± 7,23 anos. No teste de Tinetti (equilíbrio e marcha), observamos maior escore de idosos de CEA em relação aos idosos de CEB (21,6 vs 18,6). Em relação ao QBMI, os idosos pertencentes da CEA apresentaram um melhor resultado na atividade esportiva, (média de 0,79 ± 0,41), já os idosos pertencentes a CEB relatou um melhor resultado na atividade doméstica (média de 3,00 ± 1,09). Já às correlações analisadas entre o nível de atividade física e o equilíbrio corporal, o estudo apresentou correlação significativa no teste de Tinetti e QBMI. Podemos concluir que os idosos CEA apresentaram melhor equilíbrio e marcha. Já os idosos CEB apresentaram uma inatividade física, menor pontuação nos testes de equilíbrio.
Mejoramiento Deportivo Postconvencional: Cine y Bioética
Authors: Romero Henry David Caro 
Published: September 2024

El objetivo de este artículo, es analizar el Mejoramiento Deportivo Postconvencional desde la perspectiva de la educación deportiva, combinando como estrategia didáctica tres recursos; el cineforo, la deliberación bioética y el uso de performances, dirigido a la formación de nuevas subjetividades en el deporte de rendimiento. Iniciando, se hizo una fundamentación de la bioética, los principios de Autonomía y Justicia y la metodología deliberativa. Luego se expone la relación entre cine y deporte de rendimiento por su influencia en los sentimientos y su posibilidad de transformación. Más adelante, se define el mejoramiento deportivo postconvencional como la alteración fisiológica o genética para mejorar el desempeño atlético. En cuarto lugar, se describe la experiencia del Cineforo utilizando dos películas; “Carros de fuego”, que presenta el ideal olímpico, desde el amateurismo y el papel del entrenador. Y “El luchador” que relata el declive de un luchador profesional quien intenta prolongar su carrera deportiva, valiéndose de sustancias prohibidas y colocando en riesgo su integridad física. En ambos casos, los deportistas se debaten entre lo éticamente correcto (mejora convencional) y lo bioético (mejora postconvencional). Finalmente, se elaboran las conclusiones, destacando el papel de la formación humana en los deportistas, como medio para prevenir el uso de medicamentos o alteraciones genéticas, que pueden ayudarlo a conseguir sus objetivos inmediatos, pero sufrir daños corporales irreversibles a mediano y largo plazo, además convertirse en un mal ejemplo para la sociedad, que deslumbrada por los avances de la biotecnología decida asumirlos, sin medir los posibles efectos adversos para su salud.
A Panel Analysis of Foreign Portfolio Investment in Latin America from 2005 to 2014
Authors: Meurer Roberto 
Published: September 2024

O artigo analisa os fluxos de investimento externo em carteira para a América Latina no período 2005-2014. Fatores globais (push) e domésticos (pull) são utilizados como variáveis explicativas. São estimados modelos em painel para 12 países. Os resultados mostram que entre as variáveis globais o índice S&P500 e a taxa de juros dos Fed Funds são estatisticamente significantes para explicar os fluxos de investimento externo em carteira para os países latinoamericanos. A participação do investimento no PIB e o índice MSCI do país de destino também são estatisticamente significantes. As expectativas parecem desempenhar um papel relevante para explicar os fluxos de investimento externo em carteira, dado que as variáveis mais importantes na explicação dos fluxos são influenciadas pelo comportamento futuro da economia.
Estruturação da oferta de programas de sócio-torcedor de acordo com a lealdade: um estudo para otimização de portfólio
Authors: Ribeiro Rodolfo 
Published: September 2024

Na indústria do esporte, é consenso que os valores investidos pelos diversos stakeholders que a compõem têm no torcedor seu principal pilar. De forma simplificada, assume-se que as receitas de um clube de futebol são oriundas de bilheteria, direitos de TV, vendas de jogadores e demais receitas de marketing. Neste último item, os programas de sócio torcedor adquiriram certa notoriedade nos últimos anos. Nesses programas, o torcedor contribui periodicamente com o clube (por meio de uma mensalidade ou mecanismo similar) e recebe benefícios como contrapartida. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar como a lealdade do torcedor com sua equipe e a multiplicidade dos atributos que compõem a oferta de um programa de sócio torcedor afetam sua disposição de compra. A compreensão desse relacionamento de variáveis permite ao formador da oferta um melhor desenho de portfólio. Os conceitos fundamentais envolvidos na pesquisa foram a perspectiva racional de compra do consumidor nos modelos compensatórios e o nível de lealdade dos torcedores. A metodologia empregada foi uma análise conjunta baseada em escolhas e os resultados sugerem avaliação bastante distinta de acordo com o nível de lealdade registrado.
Who Ate the Periwinkle Snails and Ham Steaks? An Archaeological Investigation in Chicago's Chinatown
Authors: Demel Scott J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the fall of 2004, archaeologists, students, and volunteers from the Field Museum, DePaul University, and the community conducted archaeological survey and testing of an empty parcel adjacent to the new Chinese American Museum of Chicago. The lot, still at the original nineteenth-century street level, was over 3 ft below the modern Twenty-Third Street level. Shovel probes yielded in situ deposits, and subsequent test excavations unearthed layers of material culture and subsistence remains that reflect demographic change in this Chicago neighborhood from its beginning in the late nineteenth century through the 1911 restart of Chinatown and beyond. The hands-on archaeological project and resulting historical exhibition formed a stronger bond between Chinatown's past and present for young Chinese student participants, community members, historians, and anthropologists.
Unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem: Livy's Portrayal of Fabius Maximus during the Hannibalic War
Authors: Briscoe John 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The starting point of this chapter is Ennius's line, cited in oratio obliqua at Livy 30.26.9.1 Most attention is given to Livy Book 22, where Fabius, with his policy of attrition, avoiding pitched battles and a repeat of the defeats of the opening years of the Hannibalic War, is the dominant figure, contrasted with C. Flaminius, killed in the battle at Lake Trasimene in 217 B.C.E., M. Minucius Rufus, magister equitum during Fabius's dictatorship following the defeat at Trasimene, and C. Terentius Varro, consul in 216 and in command when Rome suffered the disastrous defeat at Cannae. In chapter 39, Livy puts a lengthy speech into Fabius's mouth, addressed to L. Aemilius Paullus, Varro's colleague, justifying his strategy. Fabius's role during the rest of the war is treated more briefly: his consulships in 215, 214, and 209, when he recaptured Tarentum, his appointment as princeps senatus by the censors in both 209 and 204, his attempt to reconcile C. Claudius Nero and M. Livius Salinator, elected consuls for 207 and his urging of caution on Livius. Livy reports three caustic remarks by Fabius, perhaps a genuine trait. At the end of Book 28, Fabius is given another lengthy speech, opposing Scipio's plan to invade Africa and take the war to Carthage, and in Book 29, following the Locrian ambassadors’ speech detailing the behavior of Q. Pleminius, he proposed that Pleminius be brought to Rome in chains and Scipio recalled from Sicily. Finally, the views of Jackie Elliott and Philip Hardie, respectively, that Ennius's line was a central motif in Livy Book 22 and that chapter 39 was an oratorical version of it are criticized.
The Beginning of the Story (About Tacitus's Agricola)
Authors: Vivo Arturo De 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The incipit to Tacitus's Agricola announces the author's decision to engage in his activity as an historical writer. Tacitus announced his historical and ideological plans in the biography of his father-in-law, and the ability to reconcile the true and proper biographical story and the narrative dimension of the historical literary discourse is carried out within the first monograph.
The Beginning of Tiberius's and Nero's Reigns in the Annals
Authors: Devillers Olivier 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The similarity between the early reigns of Tiberius and Nero has often been emphasized, mainly through the comparison between Ann. 1.6.1 (Primus facinus noui principatus) and 13.1.1 (Prima nouo principatu mors). The aim of this paper is to move beyond this often observed similarity and compare the entire narratives of the two years, 14 and 54, which correspond to the rises of Tiberius and Nero. To this end, we will consider six phases: the first murder (1.6; 13.1–2.2); the actual accession to power (1.7; 13.2.3); the predecessor's funerals and judgments on this predecessor (1.8–10; 13.3); relationships with the senators, first measures (1.11–15; 13.4–5); external affairs (1.16–52; 13.6–9); and return to internal affairs (1.53–54; 13.10). This comparison leads to two observations. On the one hand, under Nero, the prince's powers and centrality in public affairs seem to have been strengthened. On the other hand, Nero himself appears more self-effacing in his early years, which reflects the passivity that is attributed to this prince when he begins his reign.