bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Analysis of Electrospun SrTiO3 Nanofibers with NiO Nanoparticles Shells as Photocatalysts for Water Splitting
Authors: Alharbi Abdulaziz , Alarifi Ibrahim M. , Khan Waseem S. , Asmatulu Ramazan 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe coaxial electrospinning process was used to produce core/shell strontium titanate/nickel oxide (SrTiO3‐NiO) nanofibers. First, poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) was dissolved in deionized (DI) water, and then titanium (IV) isopropoxide [C12H28O4Ti] and strontium nitrate [Sr(NO3)2] were added into the solution to form the inner (core) layer. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer was dissolved in dimethylformamide (DMF) at a weight ratio of 10:90. Nickel oxide was mixed with the solution to form the outer (shell) layer. This coaxial electrospinning method generated uniform‐size, defect‐free fibers. The electrospun nanofiber samples were annealed at 600°C for two hours in air in order to remove the organic part and crystallize the amorphous SrTiO3‐NiO nanofibers. Water contact angles were determined to identify surface hydrophobicity of the nanofiber films. Ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared radiation (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) techniques were used to characterize the structural properties of the SrTiO3‐NiO nanocomposite fibers. The morphology and dimensions of the nanofibers were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The images showed fluctuation in the fiber diameters because of the two different polymeric solutions electrospun at the same time. The structures of the calcined nanofibers were determined by Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), which clearly indicated the formations of SrTiO3 and NiO nanofiber structures. The fabrication of such core/shell SrTiO3‐NiO nanofibers through coaxial electrospinning suggests the further enhancement and development of photocatalytic behaviors of the new nanomaterials. This study can provide useful information for scientists, engineers, and manufacturers working in renewable energy and related fields, such as water splitting, sensors, solar cells, and catalysts.
Dielectric Properties and Kinetic Study on the Degradation of Bismaleimide Resin
Authors: Daily Connor , Bowler Nicola 
Published: July 2016

SummaryBismaleimide, a thermosetting resin, is attracting interest in the aerospace industry due to its epoxy‐like processability, but better high‐temperature performance than epoxy. As this industry shifts towards using higher overall percentages of fiber‐reinforced polymer‐matrix composites, understanding how these systems degrade, in particular the polymer matrix component, becomes increasingly important. Additionally, these materials are now being exposed to a wider variety of environmental and physical conditions, as new areas of usage, for both primary and secondary roles, are being explored. In this context, the thermo‐oxidative degradation kinetics of bismaleimide are explored. Two model‐free isoconversional methods, the Friedman and Ozawa‐Flynn‐Wall methods, are used to analyze results from thermogravimetric analysis at a variety of heating rates (5, 10, 20, and 50 °C/min) from room temperature to 800 °C. From these methods, the activation energies associated with particular degradation steps have been determined. Additionally, the dielectric properties of the bismaleimide resin were measured as a function of frequency (0.10 Hz to 1 MHz) and temperature (–140 °C to 160 °C) using spectroscopic techniques. One primary dielectric relaxation (gamma) was observed in the temperature and frequency ranges used and modeled using a Havriliak‐Negami model. The associated activation energy of the relaxation was calculated to be 41.31 kJ/mol.
Temperature Dependence of Morphology of Transcrystalline at the Interface of Carbon Fiber and Poly (L‐Lactic Acid) Composite Under a Temperature Gradient Stage
Authors: Zhang Shengnan , Xu Duigong , Yang Wenxiao , Tang Ping , Bin Yuezhen 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThin film of carbon fiber (CF) and poly (L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) composite was prepared by a solution casting technique. Influence of crystallization temperature (Tc) on morphology of transcrystalline (TC) on the interface between CF and PLLA was investigated under a temperature‐controlled gradient (T‐gradient) stage with temperature ranging from 90 °C to 140 °C. Morphology of TC was observed by polarized optical microscope (POM). Typical TC structure isothermally crystallized on the T‐gradient stage was obtained at the surface of CF when Tc = 111 ∼ 132 °C. As Tc decreased from 132 to 111 °C, nuclei density on the surface of single fiber increased while the thickness of TC layer decreased. Crystallization kinetics of TC was investigated through isothermal crystalization under POM equipped with a temperature‐controlled stage. As Tc decreased, the nucleation rate of TC increased and the growth rate of TC decreased. Furthermore, it revealed that the thickness of TC layer was conducted by the competition between heterogeneous nucleation on the surface of fiber and homogeneous nucleation in the bulk matrix around the fiber. The nucleation rate of TC structure was much higher than homogeneous nucleation rate of spherulites in the bulk matrix when Tc was above 118 °C. In this case, TC had enough space to develop perpendicular to fiber axis. Consequently, thickness of TC layer was larger at higher crystallization temperature. On the contrary, transcrystallization was suppressed by homogeneous crystallization when Tc was below 118 °C due to enhanced nucleation ability of spherulites.
Reconstruction of a postraumatic radial club hand with a free fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap and Sauve‐Kapandji procedure—A case report
Authors: Horta Ricardo , Nascimento Ricardo , Silva Alvaro , Pinto Rui , Negrão Pedro , São‐Simão Ricardo , Carvalho Jorge , Santos Silva Marta , Amarante Jose 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRadial club hand may be congenital or acquired; radial deviation of the hand is usually found, associated with palmar flexion–pronation and treatment of severe forms of radial club hand is often difficult. Here we present a case of reconstruction of a severe postraumatic radial club hand with a free fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap and Sauve–Kapandji procedure in a 28‐year‐old man. The patient had a radial deviation of the wrist and right upper limb shortening as a result of an infected pseudarthrosis of the radius. This deformity was reconstructed with a free fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap associated to arthrodesis of the distal radioulnar joint and an ulnar resection osteotomy proximal to the arthrodesis in order to restore rotation of the forearm (Sauvé–Kapandji procedure). The flap fully survived and no complications were seen in the early postoperative period at both recipient and donor sites. Radius alignment was restored. At 5‐month follow‐up, the skeleton was healed. There was minimal osteopenia at the distal radial segment. Wrist extension was 48 degrees, flexion 24 degrees, and pronation–supination was 58–0–48 degrees, with full finger flexion. The patient could hold a 4 kg dumbbell with the elbow flexed without discomfort. His DASH score—Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire was 15.83. Combined free fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap and Sauve–Kapandji procedure may be considered in severe forms of postraumatic radial club hand, however, further data are necessary. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:593–597, 2016.
BIGCHEM: Challenges and Opportunities for Big Data Analysis in Chemistry
Authors: Tetko Igor V. , Engkvist Ola , Koch Uwe , Reymond Jean‐Louis , Chen Hongming 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe increasing volume of biomedical data in chemistry and life sciences requires the development of new methods and approaches for their handling. Here, we briefly discuss some challenges and opportunities of this fast growing area of research with a focus on those to be addressed within the BIGCHEM project. The article starts with a brief description of some available resources for “Big Data” in chemistry and a discussion of the importance of data quality. We then discuss challenges with visualization of millions of compounds by combining chemical and biological data, the expectations from mining the “Big Data” using advanced machine‐learning methods, and their applications in polypharmacology prediction and target de‐convolution in phenotypic screening. We show that the efficient exploration of billions of molecules requires the development of smart strategies. We also address the issue of secure information sharing without disclosing chemical structures, which is critical to enable bi‐party or multi‐party data sharing. Data sharing is important in the context of the recent trend of “open innovation” in pharmaceutical industry, which has led to not only more information sharing among academics and pharma industries but also the so‐called “precompetitive” collaboration between pharma companies. At the end we highlight the importance of education in “Big Data” for further progress of this area.
Rigorous iterative full‐wave method for the analysis of multi‐band arbitrary U‐shaped antennas
Authors: Berhab Souad , Abri Mehadji , Gharbi Ramzi 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTIn this letter, the performance of iterative method based on the concept of incident and reflected waves has been used for the scattering coefficients determination. For this purpose, different multiband microstrip patch antennas with U‐shaped slots, which exist in the literature; have been presented and simulated. The WCIP obtained results are successfully compared with analytical references, commercially available package CST software and the measurement result. Discussions are supported by the different results of the analyses cases. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2358–2364, 2016
Compact MIMO antenna for indoor UWB applications
Authors: Hakimi Shayan , Kamal Abdul Rahim Sharul , Idzam Sabran Mursyidul , Nyangwarimam Obadiah Ali , Mohamed Hafizal 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTA compact coplanar waveguide (CPW)‐fed multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna for indoor ultrawideband (UWB) applications is presented. The overall size of the antenna is 31 × 43 mm2. To increase the isolation factor, the common ground plane (CGP) is reinforced with a set of corrugations and frills and the outer ground plane of the first port is self‐coupled. The radiators are designed perpendicular to each other in order to improve the pattern diversity. The measured results show the antenna operates at frequency range 3.9–8.1 GHz. The mutual coupling of less than −15 dB in almost all over the bandwidth, achieving a −31 dB at 5.4 GHz, proposes it as a good candidate for UWB applications in indoor systems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2387–2393, 2016
Evaluation of UWB antenna using chaotic colpitts oscillator
Authors: Kumari Bibha , Gupta Nisha 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article the generation of high performance, low cost UWB signal is proposed using chaotic oscillator designed to operate in the desired band of interest. The UWB signal generator consists of a low cost, simple chaotic Colpitts oscillator. Selecting a particular set of parameters of the circuit, a large number of frequency components can be generated simultaneously under chaotic mode of operation. The oscillator output under this mode of operation can directly be utilized for exciting a UWB antenna without the need of the local oscillator and mixer. The proposed technique is a simple low cost solution for testing the UWB antenna. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2393–2396, 2016
Wideband hollow‐cavity substrate integrated waveguide stacked patch antenna for millimeter‐wave application
Authors: Ding Zhuofu , Xiao Shaoqiu , Zhang Cheng , Tang Ming‐Chun , Liu Changrong , Li Yan 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTThis letter proposes a wideband substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) stacked patch antenna for millimeter‐wave application. The proposed antenna is composed of strip‐line, coupling slot, hollow‐cavity, and stacked patches. Four near‐resonant‐frequency bands can be generated simultaneously to achieve 36% measured fractional impedance bandwidth from 26.5 to 38.2 GHz with the reference of |S11| less than −10 dB, and also with high linear polarization purity. A prototype of the antenna is fabricated and tested to verify the design concept. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2429–2433, 2016
Compact wideband stripline hybrid coupler with an imbedded ground strip
Authors: Jung Young‐Bae 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a compact and wideband stripline 180° hybrid coupler with a simple design structure is proposed. For wideband capability and a size reduction, the long branch of the conventional ring hybrid coupler is substituted with a coupled line with two quarter‐wavelength short‐circuited stubs having a narrow gap and a rectangular ground strip. The ground strip is embedded in a dielectric substrate between the coupled line and a ground plane, and the operating bandwidth can be widened in the ground strip design to control the parasitic capacitance and inductance. The proposed coupler has a 71% wide operating bandwidth at the center frequency with a ±0.5 dB power split error and a high isolation of below 20 dB. The phase difference between two output signals is within ±5°, and the reflection coefficient for all ports is less than −10 dB in the operating bandwidth. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2433–2437, 2016
Planar common‐mode suppression network in balanced structures
Authors: Escobar‐Peláez Johanny A. , Olvera‐Cervantes José L. , Corona‐Chávez Alonso 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTA novel common mode suppression network (CMSN) for balanced structures is presented. The structure is a symmetrical transmission line loaded with λg/4 stubs, where λg is the guided wave length at the frequencies to be suppressed. The CMSN is a circuit that can be independently designed to improve the common mode (CM) behavior of the attached circuits without degrading their differential mode (DM) performance. As an example, a balanced bandpass filter (BBPF) with an undesired 0dB CM peak is improved in more than 30 dB, whilst the DM bandpass is barely affected. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2466–2469, 2016
A simple method for improving the stopband response for unequal‐length microstrip coupled‐line filters with stubs
Authors: Lee Sang‐Ho , Ha Jungje , Yoon Hobyung , Lee Yongshik 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTThis work demonstrates a simple method for improving the stopband response of microstrip coupled‐line bandpass filters in an extremely wide bandwidth. Substantial enhancement in the stopband response is achieved by constituting a filter with reduced‐length coupled lines of unequal length, which are loaded with open stubs. The lengths of these stubs are optimized to compensate for the reduction the reduction in the lengths of the coupled lines, and at the same time, to provide transmission zeros for further suppression of spurious responses. A rigorous mathematical analysis demonstrates a systematic method is verified experimentally with the experimental results obtained with third‐order Chebyshevy‐type bandpass filters that maintain the transmission level below −30 dB up to 17.8f0, where f0 is the center frequency. Even further enhancement can be achieved simply by increasing the filter order. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2477–2481, 2016
A wideband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna excited with conformal‐strip and inverted L‐shaped microstrip‐feed‐line for WLAN/WI‐MAX applications
Authors: Kumar Rajkishor , Kumar Chaudhary Raghvendra 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTA new wideband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) has been developed and presented in this article. The proposed antenna consisting rectangular and cubical‐shaped dielectric resonator (DR) with optimum gap excited by using combination of conformal‐strip and inverted L‐shaped microstrip‐feed‐line. The combinations of two different feeds (i.e., conformal‐strip and microstrip‐fed‐line) excite orthogonal modes in two DRs to generate circular polarization. The gap between these DRs and conformal strip offers wideband of impedance and axial ratio bandwidth. Designed antenna offers measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 27.36% (at center frequency 5.78 GHz) and measured 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth has been achieved in broadside direction of 23.00% (at center frequency 5.65 GHz). It has been confirmed from the radiation pattern that the antenna having right hand circular polarization (RHCP). Proposed antenna can be used for wireless communication systems such as WLAN/Wi‐MAX applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2525–2531, 2016
Ku‐band low side‐lobe level fixed‐frequency electrically scanning leaky‐wave antenna
Authors: Zhao Junfei , Zhang Yewen , Yu Xiaomin , Li Yunhui , Fang Kai , He Li , Chen Hong 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTA one‐dimensional (1D) Ku‐band electrically scanning leaky‐wave antenna (LWA) is presented. The antenna is based on Fabry‐Perot (FP) cavity leaky‐waveguide, which is composed of a partially reflective surface (PRS) and a tunable high impedance surface (HIS). The PRS consists of a tapered dipole array and the configuration is modulated to reduce the side‐lobe level (SLL). The varactor diodes are loaded on the HIS to achieve the steerable radiation angle. Both simulated and experimental results confirm well that the scanning scope as wide as 30 degree can be obtained and the low SLL can be observed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2512–2516, 2016
Compact bandpass filter with sharp passband and wide harmonic suppression using miniaturized coupled structure loaded with stepped‐impedance stubs
Authors: Marimuthu J. , Bialkowski K.S. , Abbosh A. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTA novel compact bandpass filter (BPF) with multiple harmonics suppression is proposed. The device uses low impedance feeding network and one‐sixteenth wavelength coupled line loaded with open‐ended stepped‐impedance stubs. The structure generates eleven transmission zeros which enable realizing a sharp passband and wide stopband. Based on the proposed structure, two compact BPF of size around 10 mm× 20 mm on RT6010 substrate were designed, built, and tested. The two designs have fractional bandwidths of 32% (centered at 2.45 GHz) and 23% (centered at 2.8 GHz) with wide stopband extending from 3 GHz to more than 11 GHz with more than 15 dB of attenuation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2505–2508, 2016
Preconditioned total field inversion (TFI) method for quantitative susceptibility mapping
Authors: Liu Zhe , Kee Youngwook , Zhou Dong , Wang Yi , Spincemaille Pascal 
Published: July 2016

PurposeTo investigate systematic errors in traditional quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) where background field removal and local field inversion (LFI) are performed sequentially, to develop a total field inversion (TFI) QSM method to reduce these errors, and to improve QSM quality in the presence of large susceptibility differences.Theory and MethodsThe proposed TFI is a single optimization problem which simultaneously estimates the background and local fields, preventing error propagation from background field removal to QSM. To increase the computational speed, a new preconditioner is introduced and analyzed. TFI is compared with the traditional combination of background field removal and LFI in a numerical simulation and in phantom, 5 healthy subjects, and 18 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.ResultsCompared with the traditional method projection onto dipole fields+LFI, preconditioned TFI substantially reduced error in QSM along the air–tissue boundaries in simulation, generated high‐quality in vivo QSM within similar processing time, and suppressed streaking artifacts in intracerebral hemorrhage QSM. Moreover, preconditioned TFI was capable of generating QSM for the entire head including the brain, air‐filled sinus, skull, and fat.ConclusionPreconditioned total field inversion improves the accuracy of QSM over the traditional method where background and local fields are separately estimated. Magn Reson Med 78:303–315, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Resection of the large bowel suppresses hunger and food intake and modulates gastrointestinal fermentation
Authors: Hettiarachchi Priyadarshika , Wickremasinghe A. Rajitha , Frost Gary S. , Deen Kemal I. , Pathirana Ajith A. , Murphy Kevin G. , Jayaratne SriLal D. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo assess appetite and gut hormone levels in patients following partial (PR) or total resection (TR) of the large bowel.MethodsA comparative cross sectional study was carried out with healthy controls (n = 99) and patients who had undergone PR (n = 64) or TR (n = 12) of the large bowel. Participants consumed a standard (720 kcal) breakfast meal at 0830 (t = 0) h followed by lactulose (15 g) and a buffet lunch (t = 210 min). Participants rated the subjective feelings of hunger at t = −30, 0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min. Breath hydrogen (BH) concentrations were also evaluated. In a matched subset (11 controls, 11 PR and 9 TR patients) PYY and GLP‐1 concentrations were measured following breakfast. The primary outcome measure was appetite, as measured using visual analogue scales and the buffet lunch. The secondary outcome was BH concentrations following a test meal.ResultsPR and TR participants had lower hunger and energy intake at the buffet lunch meal compared to controls. PR subjects had higher BH concentrations compared to controls and TR subjects. BH levels correlated with circulating GLP‐1 levels at specific time points.ConclusionsPR or TR of the large bowel reduced feelings of hunger and energy intake, and PR increased gastrointestinal fermentation.
Increased aerobic capacity reduces susceptibility to acute high‐fat diet‐induced weight gain
Authors: Matthew Morris E. , Meers Grace M.E. , Koch Lauren G. , Britton Steven L. , MacLean Paul S. , Thyfault John P. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveAerobic capacity is the most powerful predictor of all‐cause mortality in humans; however, its role in the development of obesity and susceptibility for high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced weight gain is not completely understood.MethodsHerein, a rodent model system of divergent intrinsic aerobic capacity [high capacity running (HCR) and low capacity running (LCR)] was utilized to evaluate the role of aerobic fitness on 1‐week HFD‐induced (45% and 60% kcal) weight gain. Food/energy intake, body composition analysis, and brown adipose tissue gene expression were assessed as important potential factors involved in modulating HFD‐induced weight gain.ResultsHCR rats had reduced 1‐week weight gain on both HFDs compared with LCR. Reduced HFD‐induced weight gain was associated with greater adaptability to decrease food intake following initiation of the HFDs. Further, the HCR rats were observed to have reduced feeding efficiency and greater brown adipose mass and expression of genes involved in thermogenesis.ConclusionsRats with high intrinsic aerobic capacity have reduced susceptibility to 1‐week HFD‐induced weight gain, which is associated with greater food intake adaptability to control intake of energy‐dense HFDs, reduced weight gain per kcal consumed, and greater brown adipose tissue mass and thermogenic gene expression.