bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neutrophil Dysfunction Following Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Stent Shunt (TIPSS) Insertion is Associated with Organ Failure and Mortality
Authors: Macnaughtan Jane , Mookerjee Rajeshwar P. , van der Merwe Schalk , Jalan Rajiv 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSystemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is implicated in increasing mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis but the underlying mechanisms are not well characterised. The objective of this study was to characterise neutrophil function, LPS and cytokine concentrations within the splanchnic circulation of alcoholic cirrhotic patients undergoing TIPSS insertion for variceal haemorrhage and correlate this with outcome. 26 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and variceal haemorrhage were studied prior to and 1-hour after TIPSS insertion. Neutrophil function, LPS and cytokine concentrations were determined in arterial, hepatic venous (HV) and portal venous blood (PV). Significantly higher LPS concentrations and neutrophil reactive oxidant species (ROS) production were observed in PV vs HV blood. Cross-incubation of HV plasma with PV neutrophils resulted in reduced ROS production. Insertion of TIPSS was associated with a significant increase in arterial LPS concentrations and deterioration in neutrophil phagocytosis. Number of organ failures and arterial IL-6 concentrations at presentation were associated with increased mortality. The portal circulation has a distinct immunological milieu characterised by a pathological neutrophil phenotype and an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile associated with heightened LPS levels. TIPSS insertion renders this neutrophil functional defect systemic, associated with an increase in arterial LPS and a susceptibility to sepsis.
Compact dual‐band pattern reconfigurable antenna using switched parasitic array
Authors: Ji J.K. 
Published: January 2017

A compact dual‐band pattern reconfigurable antenna using switched parasitic array is proposed for 2.4 and 5.8 GHz wireless MIMO applications. The proposed antenna is based on dual‐band driven and parasitic radiators (PR) with RF switches. The PR performs as a reflector or a director by controlling RF switches. The antenna is designed to provide nine radiation patterns in three states at the frequencies of 2.4 and 5.8 GHz bands, respectively. Two states realise eight radiation patterns in the horizontal plane. The measured peak gain of all radiation patterns ranges from 6.1 to 9.7 dBi. Another state generates omnidirectional radiation patterns in the horizontal plane and measured gains of around 4.0 and 7.5 dBi for 2.4 and 5.8 GHz bands, respectively.
Single‐end time‐domain transient electrical signals based protection principle and its efficient setting calculation method for LCC‐HVDC lines
Authors: Xiao Hao , Li Yinhong , Liu Ruoping , Duan Xianzhong 
Published: January 2017

In view of the facts that existing line commutated converter based high voltage direct current (LCC‐HVDC) line protection cannot realise satisfactory selectivity, speed, sensitivity, reliability and practicability simultaneously, and that the work of setting calculation for line protection is very onerous and time‐consuming due to extremely large amounts of electromagnetic transient simulations, a novel single‐end time‐domain transient electrical signals based protection principle incorporating all these satisfactory features and its efficient setting calculation method are proposed. For the proposed protection principle, the DC line current change criterion is employed as a directional element, which can identify faults in the positive direction of line protection, while the rate of voltage change criterion is used as a boundary element, through which the opposite internal and external faults can be distinguished. Moreover, an efficient setting calculation method is proposed based on a so‐called ‘setting calculation preparation quantity’ concept, through which the setting calculation values can be determined efficiently based on only several simulations by systematically analysing the impact of various operating conditions on the post‐fault transient electrical signals of LCC‐HVDC systems. Finally, the simulation result based on a ±800 kV ultra‐HVDC practical model verifies the validity of the proposed protection principle and its efficient setting calculation method.
Searching for intermediate-mass black holes in galaxies with low-luminosity AGN: a multiple-method approach
Authors: Koliopanos Filippos , Ciambur Bogdan C. , Graham Alister W. , Webb Natalie A. , Coriat Mickael , Mutlu-Pakdil Burçin , Davis Benjamin L. , Godet Olivier , Barret Didier , Seigar Marc S. 
Published: January 2017

Aims.This work is the first stage of a campaign to search for intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGN) and dwarf galaxies. An additional and equally important aim of this pilot study is to investigate the consistency between the predictions of several popular black hole scaling relations and the fundamental plane (FP) of black-hole activity (FP-BH).Methods.We used well established X-ray and radio luminosity relations in accreting black holes, along with the latest scaling relations between the mass of the central black hole (MBH) and the properties of its host spheroid, to predictMBHin seven LLAGN, that were previously reported to be in the IMBH regime. Namely, we used the recently re-evaluatedMBH−Msph(Msph: spheroid absolute magnitude at 3.6 μm) scaling relation for spiral galaxies, theMBH−nsph(nsph: major axis Sérsic index of the spheroid component) relation, theMBH−PA (PA: spiral pitch angle) relation, and a recently re-calibrated version of the FP-BH for weakly accreting BHs, to independently estimateMBHin all seven galaxies.Results.We find that all LLAGN in our list have low-mass central black holes with log MBH/M⊙≈ 6.5 on average, but that they are, most likely, not IMBHs. All four methods used predicted consistent BH masses in the 1σrange. Furthermore, we report that, in contrast to previous classification, galaxy NGC 4470 is bulge-less, and we also cast doubts on the AGN classification of NGC 3507.Conclusions.We find that our latest, state-of-the-art techniques for bulge magnitude & Sérsic index computations and the most recent updates of theMBH−Lsph,MBH−nsph, andMBH−PA relations and the FP-BH produce consistent results in the low-mass regime. We thus establish a multiple-method approach for predicting BH masses in the regime where their spheres of gravitational influence cannot be spatially resolved. Our approach mitigates against outliers from any one relation and provides a more robust average prediction. We will use our new method to revisit more IMBH candidates in LLAGN.
Differentiating Benign from Malignant Sinonasal Lesions: Feasibility of Diffusion Weighted MRI
Authors: El-Gerby Khaled , El-Anwar Mohammad 
Published: January 2017

Introduction Appearance of nasal masses on routine CT and MRI are not pathognomonic. We utilized the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value obtained from diffusion weighted image (DWI) to detect the differences in the microstructures of tumor and non-tumor tissues.
Objective The objective of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of DWI and ADC values in differentiating between malignant and benign sinonasal lesions and its correlation with histopathological results as the reference standard.
Methods Patients with nasal and / or paranasal mass underwent CT, MRI, and DWI before any surgical intervention. We used diagnostic sinonasal endoscopy and biopsy to confirm the diagnosis after MRI.
Results When we used ADC value of (1.2 × 10–3 mm2/s) as a cut-off value for differentiating benign from malignant sinonasal lesions, we achieved 90% accuracy, 100% sensitivity, 88.4% specificity, 77.8% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. At this cut-off, benign lesions show statistically significant higher ADC value than malignant tumors.
Conclusion DW MRI and ADC value calculation are promising quantitative methods helping to differentiate between malignant and benign sinonasal lesions. Thus, they are effective methods compared with other conventional methods with short imaging time thus it is recommended to be incorporated into routine evaluations.
Is Tadpole Pupil in an Adolescent Girl Caused by Denervation Hypersensitivity?
Authors: Hansen Jonas , Møller Hans 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTadpole pupil is a rarely encountered phenomenon caused by episodic, segmental iris dilator muscle spasm of short duration (2–15 minutes), occurring in clusters without a known precipitating factor. It has most commonly been described in women aged 28 to 48 years. A few hypotheses on pathogenesis have been discussed but none has been proved. Here, we present an adolescent girl with bilateral tadpole pupil that appeared during physical exercise. This is the first pediatric case of tadpole pupil, not caused by preceding surgery, to be published. Based on (1) this case in which tadpole pupil developed when the norepinephrine level rose during exercise, (2) the high ratio of patients with tadpole pupil who concurrently have or later develop Horner syndrome, in which denervation hypersensitivity is well described, (3) a previous report of a patient with both tadpole pupil and Horner syndrome who had denervation hypersensitivity on pharmacological testing, (4) a 29-year-old man with unilateral tadpole pupil induced by exercise, and (5) a 19-year-old man with bilateral tadpole pupil and possible autonomic neuropathy, we suggest denervation hypersensitivity as a probable pathogenic mechanism causing tadpole pupil. In addition, a suggestion for investigations to be performed in future pediatric cases is provided.
The Accuracy of Digital Radiography for Diagnosis of Fishbone Foreign Bodies in the Throat
Authors: Kasemsiri Pornthep , Mahawerawat Kanokkan , Ratanaanekchai Teeraporn , Puttarak Warinthorn , Munkong Waranon 
Published: January 2017

Introduction Some patients with a fishbone as a foreign body of difficult diagnosis may require further investigations. Generally, radiography is used as the first choice for finding the fishbone.
Objective The objective of this study is to determine the accuracy of digital radiography for diagnosis of fishbone foreign body in the throat
Methods This descriptive experimental study design has three phases. In the first phase, we assessed subject contrast and visibility of fishbone on a homogeneous background; as for the second phase, we evaluated the embedded fishbone in the fresh cadaver's throat. In the last phase, we studied the accuracy of radiography in diagnosing the fishbone foreign body at any site of the cadaver's throat.
Results The subject contrast of 15 fishbones ranged from 0.94 to 0.99. All types of fishbone were obvious in the first phase, whereas, in the second phase, visibility of fishbone was varied. The subject contrast and diameter of fishbone did not show statistically significant correlation with visibility (p = 0.09 and p = 0.24, respectively). In the third phase, embedded fishbone in the base of tongue was detected with the highest accuracy (sensitivity of 1.00 (95%CI: 0.44–1.00) and specificity of 0.92 (95%CI: 0.65–0.99)); whereas, the tonsil was of difficult interpretation with poorest diagnostic value (sensitivity of 0.00 (95%CI: 0.00–0.56) and specificity of 1.00 (95%CI: 0.76–1.00)).
Conclusion The digital radiography provides the highest accuracy and benefit to the diagnosis of a fishbone foreign body at the base of the tongue; whereas, the tonsil was of difficult interpretation.
Cytosolic Fc receptor TRIM21 inhibits seeded tau aggregation
Authors: McEwan William A. , Falcon Benjamin , Vaysburd Marina , Clift Dean , Oblak Adrian L. , Ghetti Bernardino , Goedert Michel , James Leo C. 
Published: January 2017

SignificanceThe mammalian cell cytoplasm contains numerous proteins with direct antimicrobial activity. Although these have been extensively studied in the context of viral and bacterial infection, it is unknown whether pathogenic self-propagating proteins, proposed to underlie common neurodegenerative diseases, can be targeted in a similar manner. We studied the ability of tripartite motif protein 21 (TRIM21), a newly identified intracellular antibody receptor, to intercept assemblies of misfolded tau, a cytoplasmic protein that aggregates in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. We developed tau “seeding” assays in human cells and found that TRIM21 could intercept and potently neutralize antibody-labeled tau assemblies. These findings demonstrate that the intracellular immune system can act against self-propagating misfolded proteins, with implications for ongoing attempts to develop antibody-based therapies for neurodegenerative disorders.
SIR2
suppresses replication gaps and genome instability by balancing replication between repetitive and unique sequences
Authors: Foss Eric J. , Lao Uyen , Dalrymple Emily , Adrianse Robin L. , Loe Taylor , Bedalov Antonio 
Published: January 2017

Significance
Because the factors required to fire origins of DNA replication are less abundant than the origins themselves, during S phase, these factors are recycled from one area of the genome to another, and, consequently, genome replication occurs in waves. Unique DNA sequences, which contain protein-encoding genes, replicate before repetitive “junk” sequences. By modulating competition for replication resources between these types of sequences, we demonstrate that increased allocation of resources to repetitive sequences, which we previously showed to be associated with reduced lifespan, prevents completion of replication in unique portions of the genome. We suggest that, as cells age, repetitive sequences compete more effectively for replication initiation factors and that the resulting replication gaps form the basis of replicative senescence.
p53 pathway is involved in cell competition during mouse embryogenesis
Authors: Zhang Guoxin , Xie Yinyin , Zhou Ying , Xiang Cong , Chen Lai , Zhang Chenxi , Hou Xiaoshuang , Chen Jiong , Zong Hui , Liu Geng 
Published: January 2017

Significance
In response to a variety of stress signals, tumor suppressor p53 is activated to influence the cellular outcome. Various stresses result in different levels of p53 activation. We demonstrate here that during mouse development, uniform activation of p53 at a moderate level is well tolerated in the embryos. In contrast, mild activation of p53 in individual cells leads to a growth disadvantage and their out-competition when they are present together with nonactivated cells. These results suggest that p53 may coordinate at a multicellular level for optimal stress response and fitness of the organism.
CD4 T-cell cytokines synergize to induce proliferation of malignant and nonmalignant innate intraepithelial lymphocytes
Authors: Kooy-Winkelaar Yvonne M. C. , Bouwer Dagmar , Janssen George M. C. , Thompson Allan , Brugman Martijn H. , Schmitz Frederike , de Ru Arnoud H. , van Gils Tom , Bouma Gerd , van Rood Jon J. , van Veelen Peter A. , Mearin M. Luisa , Mulder Chris J. , Koning Frits , van Bergen Jeroen 
Published: January 2017

SignificanceRefractory celiac disease type II (RCDII) is a severe variant of celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine caused by inflammatory T-cell responses to gluten, a common food protein. Typical of RCDII is the presence of aberrant lymphocytes in the duodenal epithelium, which often give rise to a lethal lymphoma. A single growth factor promoting the expansion of aberrant cells has been identified: epithelial cell-derived IL-15. The experiments described in this paper identify three additional growth factors—TNF, IL-2, and IL-21—produced by gluten-specific T cells. Thus, these findings suggest a potential mechanism for the contribution of gluten-specific T cells to RCDII.
REST corepressors RCOR1 and RCOR2 and the repressor INSM1 regulate the proliferation–differentiation balance in the developing brain
Authors: Monaghan Caitlin E. , Nechiporuk Tamilla , Jeng Sophia , McWeeney Shannon K. , Wang Jianxun , Rosenfeld Michael G. , Mandel Gail 
Published: January 2017

Significance
Nervous system development involves a delicate balance between neural progenitor proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Repressors and corepressors each affect this balance, but in many cases, existence of the complexes in vivo has not been shown. Here, we identify a repressor/corepressor complex in embryonic brain consisting of Insulinoma-associated 1 (INSM1) and the RE1 Silencing Transcription factor (REST) corepressors RCOR1 and RCOR2. Elimination of RCOR1 and RCOR2, or INSM1, robustly promotes neural proliferation over neuronal and oligodendrocyte differentiation. Further, their elimination results in overexpression of REST, a direct target gene of INSM1. Normalizing REST levels in the RCOR1/2-deficient brain partially restores aberrant brain morphology. Our results identify a repressor complex required for critical events during normal brain development.
Alisol B, a triterpene fromAlismatis rhizoma(dried rhizome ofAlisma orientale), inhibits melanin production in murine B16 melanoma cells
Authors: Yoshida Ichiro , Ito Chihiro , Matsuda Shinya , Tsuji Akihiko , Yanaka Noriyuki , Yuasa Keizo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTo develop new whitening agents from natural products, we screened 80 compounds derived from crude drugs in Kampo medicine in a melanin synthesis inhibition assay using murine B16 melanoma cells. The screen revealed that treatment with alisol B, a triterpene from Alismatis rhizoma, significantly decreased both melanin content and cellular tyrosinase activity in B16 cells. However, alisol B did not directly inhibit mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of alisol B on melanogenesis. Alisol B suppressed mRNA induction of tyrosinase and its transcription factor, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Furthermore, alisol B reduced the phosphorylation of CREB and maintained the activation of ERK1/2. These results suggest that the reduction in melanin production by alisol B is due to the downregulation of MITF through the suppression of CREB and activation of ERK and that alisol B may be useful as a new whitening agent.
Supplementary comparison EURAMET.L-S22, calibration of gauge blocks by mechanical comparison
Authors: Lewis Andrew , Lillepea Lauri , Matus Michael , Prieto Emilio , Ačko Bojan , Hansen Maria Svendsmark , Turner Paul , Testa Nicola , Daoud Anouar , Montassar Chekir , Švedova Larisa , Hald Jan , Gaidamovičiūtė Lilijana , Bajic Gordana 
Published: January 2017

In October 2012, the EURAMET Technical Committee for Length, TC-L, decided upon a supplementary comparison on gauge block measurements by mechanical comparison, numbered EURAMET.L-S22, with the Danish Technological Institute (DTI) as the pilot laboratory, assisted by NPL (Andrew Lewis), which would provide a link to CCL-K1. The comparison was registered in February 2013, artefact circulation starts in June 2013 and ended in September 2014. Eight gauge blocks were calibrated using a five point measurement.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
EURAMET.M.P-S9 / EURAMET 1170, LOOP2. Comparison in the negative gauge pressure range -950 to 0 hPa
Authors: Otal P , Boineau F , Medina N , Pražák D , Wüthrich C , Saxholm S , Sabuga W , Kocas I , Durgut Y 
Published: January 2017

This report gives the results of a comparison of pressure standards of seven European National Metrology institutes in the range of negative gauge pressure from -950 hPa to 0 hPa.
This comparison was piloted by LNE and was carried out from January 2011 to March 2012. This work is a part of the EURAMET project 1170 and is registered as a supplementary comparison EURAMET.M.P-S9. The transfer standard used was a pressure monitor RPM4 A160Ks manufactured by DH Instruments Inc., with a resolution of 0.1 Pa. The reference values have been determined from the weighted mean of the deviations reported by the participants for each specified pressure. Seventy-three of the seventy-seven values (96%) reported by the laboratories agree with the reference values within the expanded uncertainties with a coverage factor k = 2.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Two-Phase Hospital-Associated Outbreak of Mycobacterium abscessus: Investigation and Mitigation
Authors: Baker Arthur W. , Lewis Sarah S. , Alexander Barbara D. , Chen Luke F. , Wallace Richard J. , Brown-Elliott Barbara A. , Isaacs Pamela J. , Pickett Lisa C. , Patel Chetan B. , Smith Peter K. , Reynolds John M. , Engel Jill , Wolfe Cameron R. , Milano Carmelo A. , Schroder Jacob N. , Davis Robert D. , Hartwig Matthew G. , Stout Jason E. , Strittholt Nancy , Maziarz Eileen K. , Saullo Jennifer Horan , Hazen Kevin C. , Walczak Richard J. , Vasireddy Ravikiran , Vasireddy Sruthi , McKnight Celeste M. , Anderson Deverick J. , Sexton Daniel J. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Background.
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) commonly colonize municipal water supplies and cause healthcare-associated outbreaks. We investigated a biphasic outbreak of Mycobacterium abscessus at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods.
Case patients had recent hospital exposure and laboratory-confirmed colonization or infection with M. abscessus from January 2013 through December 2015. We conducted a multidisciplinary epidemiologic, field, and laboratory investigation.

Results.
The incidence rate of M. abscessus increased from 0.7 cases per 10000 patient-days during the baseline period (January 2013–July 2013) to 3.0 cases per 10000 patient-days during phase 1 of the outbreak (August 2013–May 2014) (incidence rate ratio, 4.6 [95% confidence interval, 2.3–8.8]; P &lt; .001). Thirty-six of 71 (51%) phase 1 cases were lung transplant patients with positive respiratory cultures. We eliminated tap water exposure to the aerodigestive tract among high-risk patients, and the incidence rate decreased to baseline. Twelve of 24 (50%) phase 2 (December 2014–June 2015) cases occurred in cardiac surgery patients with invasive infections. Phase 2 resolved after we implemented an intensified disinfection protocol and used sterile water for heater-cooler units of cardiopulmonary bypass machines. Molecular fingerprinting of clinical isolates identified 2 clonal strains of M. abscessus; 1 clone was isolated from water sources at a new hospital addition. We made several water engineering interventions to improve water flow and increase disinfectant levels.

Conclusions.
We investigated and mitigated a 2-phase clonal outbreak of M. abscessus linked to hospital tap water. Healthcare facilities with endemic NTM should consider similar tap water avoidance and engineering strategies to decrease risk of NTM infection.