bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular benefits of exercise: Running for cover from heart disease
Authors: Hassan Mohamed , Aguib Yasmine , Yacoub Magdi 
Published: December 2016

The benefits of exercise have been recognized since ancient times. Physically active men and women have an approximately 30% lower risk of death compared with inactive people. Several trials have recently shown the favorable impact of exercise on survival and quality of life. In the PARIS study, four months of endurance exercise training in elderly patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction caused a significant improvement in peak exercise capacity. Moreover in the Copenhagen City Heart Study, jogging up to 2.5 h per week at a slow or average pace and a frequency of 3 times per week was associated with a significant increase in survival (6.2 years in men and 5.6 years in women). These findings imply that exercise improves peripheral vascular, microvascular, and/or skeletal muscle functions and causes an increase in oxygen transport and utilization by the active skeletal muscle.1 However, the exact molecular mechanisms of the cardiovascular benefits of exercise remained largely unknown until very recently. Two recent reports serve to shed some light on the potential role for irisin and miRNA-222 in this subject.
Diverticulization Duodenal Distal Technique for Injury Angle Duodenojejunal
Authors: Martinez Luis R. , Valsangiacomo Pablo , Espinosa Gabriela , Wagner Gabriela , Taruselli Roberto 
Published: December 2016

Duodenojejunal injuries region at the angle of Treitz are rare, variable etiology and often associated with other serious injuries. In trauma situations with perforations and bleeding, his approach is often difficult. The primary suture, resection / anastomosis and duodenal exclusion are the usual for trauma management techniques in this region. The aim of this paper is to show the initial results of an alternative for injuries duodenojejunal angle (IDJA) by filling a retrospective, descriptive and observational technique, 12 patients operated were analyzed over a period of 15 years, carriers IDJA, age: 34, 11 gunshot wound. 92% of the cases had other associated visceral injuries. The average for the ISS was 29. In all cases located in duodenum duodenojejunoanastomosis II, via the right lateromesenterica upon closing section and duodenum level III was performed. 58% of cases were complicated. Mortality case series were 1 (8%) digestive suture failure colon. Average Hospital stay 26 days.
Conclusion:
A simple, safe and maintaining gut physiology is proposed technique; with a single anastomosis, located in well-vascularized area and away from bruising and contaminated areas. The complications were pancreatic fistula and digestive suture failure.
Management of Resistant, Atypical and Culture-negative Periprosthetic Joint Infections after Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: McLawhorn Alexander S. , Nawabi Danyal H. , Ranawat Amar S. 
Published: December 2016

Background:Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication following lower extremity total joint arthroplasty (TJA). It is a leading cause of morbidity and revision following TJA. As such, PJI is a significant driver of healthcare costs. The prevalence of PJI related to resistant and atypical organisms is increasing, and approximately 10-30% of PJIs are culture-negative. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current epidemiology, diagnostics, and management of PJI associated with resistant and atypical pathogens and of culture-negative PJIs.Methods:The published literature related to the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of atypical, drug-resistant, and culture-negative PJI is reviewed.Results:The clinical diagnosis of PJI is often challenging, particularly when pathogens are fastidious or when antibiotics have been administered empirically. Molecular diagnostic studies, such as synovial α-defensin, may provide rapid, accurate identification of PJI, even in the setting of concurrent antibiotics administration or systemic inflammatory disease. Once PJI is diagnosed, two-stage exchange arthroplasty remains the gold standard for treating PJI with resistant microorganisms, since there is a high rate of treatment failure with irrigation and debridement and with one-stage exchange arthroplasty.Conclusion:Additional research is needed to define the optimal treatment of PJIs associated with rare pathogens, such as fungi and mycobacteria. There is a need for inexpensive, reliable tests that rapidly detect specific microbial species and antimicrobial susceptibilities. Additional research is also required to define the specific organisms, clinical scenarios, surgical techniques, and antimicrobial regimens that allow for reproducible treatment success with prosthetic retention strategies.
Priming Younger and Older Adults’ Sentence Comprehension: Insights from Dynamic Emotional Facial Expressions and Pupil Size Measures
Authors: Carminati Maria Nella , Knoeferle Pia 
Published: December 2016

Background:Prior visual-world research has demonstrated that emotional priming of spoken sentence processing is rapidly modulated by age. Older and younger participants saw two photographs of a positive and of a negative event side-by-side and listened to a spoken sentence about one of these events. Older adults’ fixations to the mentioned (positive) event were enhanced when the still photograph of a previously-inspected positive-valence speaker face was (vs. wasn’t) emotionally congruent with the event/sentence. By contrast, the younger adults exhibited such an enhancement with negative stimuli only.Objective:The first aim of the current study was to assess the replicability of these findings with dynamic face stimuli (unfolding from neutral to happy or sad). A second goal was to assess a key prediction made by socio-emotional selectivity theory,viz. that the positivity effect (a preference for positive information) displayed by older adults involves cognitive effort.Method:We conducted an eye-tracking visual-world experiment.Results:Most priming and age effects, including the positivity effects, replicated. However, against our expectations, the positive gaze preference in older adults did not co-vary with a standard measure of cognitive effort - increased pupil dilation. Instead, pupil size was significantly bigger when (both younger and older) adults processed negative than positive stimuli.Conclusion:These findings are in line with previous research on the relationship between positive gaze preferences and pupil dilation. We discuss both theoretical and methodological implications of these results.
COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE FOREST AT ABANDONED SHRIMP-POND OF SEGARA ANAKAN-CILACAP
Authors: Djohan Tjut Sugandawaty 
Published: December 2016

During the 1996 to 1997, large areas of mangrove forest in the Segara Anakan were cleared and converted into intensive shrimp-ponds. After one to two years, these shrimp-ponds failed and were abandoned. These abandoned ponds created large gap areas and canopy gaps, which were colonized by mangrove shrub and liana. The Segara Anakan mangrove also experienced heavy siltation, and there were tree cuttings from the remnant of the mangrove trees. This research aimed to study the colonization of mangrove vegetation at the abandoned-shrimp pond. Vegetation data were collected using rectangular plots of 25 m x 25 m with 4 replicates. The water qualities were also studied. The results revealed that the mangrove forests were composed of two layers: canopy tree and floor-vegetation. The gap areas triggered the pioneer species of mangrove shrubs and liana, Acanthus ilicifolius and Derris heterophylla, to colonize and dominate 100% of the mangrove forest floor. The mangrove trees consisted of natural and planted tree species. The natural trees were Sonneratia alba, Avicennia alba, and saplings of Aegiceras corniculatum, which varied between 56 – 136, 4, and 4 individuals per ha, respectively. The planted trees were Rhizophora apiculata, which amounted to 4 – 12 individuals per ha, at the island of the ponds. These trees and saplings were entangled by the liana mangrove, which disturbed their growth. The A. ilicifolius and D. heterophylla prevented the mangrove tree propagules to grow, and they colonized and characterized those abandoned shrimp-ponds, which threatened the Segara Anakan mangrove ecosystem.
MODEL PENGENDALIAN KESEHATAN TENAGA KERJA PADA KEGIATAN PENGECORAN LOGAM TRADISIONAL STUDI KASUS DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI BATUR KLATEN- JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Totok Gunawan, dan Pramono Hadi Latifah Hanum Damanik, Adi Heru Husodo, 
Published: December 2016

Research conducted at PT. Bonjor Klaten the distribution of the metal dust in a casting chamber having an effect on the health of the workforce. Diseases caused by exposure to chemicals are dominant in the production process of metal casting in the PT.Bonjor Jaya Klaten is silica and manganese. This substance is thought to impact diseases such as silicosis, which silicosis is pneumoconiosis caused sucked (inhaled) dust silica free (SiO2) and suspected disease caused liveliest chemicals silica, the disease is becoming an important issue for workers at factories has been running for twenty years. The method used in the study with the path analisys. Based on the results obtained that the activity in the kitchen cupola foundry chemicals produce particles coming from the chimney and output channels cupola kitchen spread the longer the exposure, the disease can affect the lungs and skin. Model of labor control in PT . Bonjor in the form of research findings include: digital simulation on the distribution pattern of the direction and the fall of the particle chemical substances silicon and manganese are dispersed in space foundry, planning SOP activity raw material preparation, filling and operation of the kitchen cupola based hazard in the workplace environment, in an effort metal dust pollution control by using personal protective equipment and supervision of the workplace environment, and the application of legislation occupational safety and health related licensing and application SMK3 company in PT. Bonjor in efforts to control health workers traditionally casting.
Participação social, saúde e desenvolvimento local: fragmentos e possíveis costuras na gestão de políticas públicas
Authors: Kleba da Silva Maria Elisabeth 
Published: December 2016

A democratização da gestão pública no Brasil tem criado novas configurações institucionais, que representam conquistas importantes na construção de formas de governar mais próximas dos interesses e das necessidades da população. No entanto, esses fóruns têm reproduzido e reforçado a fragmentação no modo de fazer gestão pública, organizando em setores o acolhimento de demandas sociais e a produção de respostas institucionais, muitas vezes concorrentes ou sobrepostas. Esseartigo analisa dois documentos apresentados em eventos internacionais - a Carta de Ottawa para a Promoção da Saúde e a Agenda 21 - que propõem: a) uma visão integral do ser humano e de seu entorno no planejamento de estratégias e ações de caráter e interesse coletivo; b) processosparticipativos de decisão, reforçando a necessidade de consensos entre todos os atores sociais incluindo governo, empresas, ONGs e a população em geral sobre as prioridades e os investimentos públicos, visando sempre a melhoria das condições de vida e a equidade social; c) a intersetorialidade, através de redes e projetos integrados que possam incluir tanto pontos de vista diferentes, quanto recursos diversificados, otimizando e potencializando a intervenção sobre problemas complexos. A democratização dos processos de gestão, garantindo-se o debate sobre sentido, conteúdo e direção das políticas públicas, requer ressignificação de espaços, papéis e relações, em todos os níveis de decisão, de produção e de sustentação de políticas e de estratégias, que podem ser favoráveis à construção social de condições e ambientes saudáveis e sustentáveis.
Movimentos Sociais: legitimação da participação social na saúde
Authors: Quaresma Silvia Jurema Leone 
Published: December 2016

O artigo tem por finalidade discutir a participação social no sistema de saúde brasileiro, abordando a participação via movimentos sociais. Na primeira parte do trabalho analisamos os conceitos de sociedade civil e movimentos sociais e, em seguida, avaliamos os movimentos sociais na saúde que foram importantes atores no desenvolvimento do atual sistema de saúde. Na segunda parte abordamos o conceito de participação social e, posteriormente, discutimos a participação social na saúde, destacando algumas de suas limitações nos Conselhos de Saúde, segundo pesquisas realizadas nas regiões sul e sudeste. Concluímos o artigo enfatizando alguns pontos positivos dessa participação.
Les cadres devraient-ils être « nomades » ?
Authors: Pralong Jean , Peretti-Ndiaye Marie 
Published: December 2016

Les comportements effectifs des cadres montrent la persistance des trajectoires managériales et intra-organisationnelles : les cadres ne sont pas « nomades ». Pour compléter ces constats, on cherche ici à vérifier si les carrières « nomades » cumulent plus de gains que les autres. Une carrière « nomade » se définit, dans cet article, par le fait qu’elle déroge aux scripts de carrières institutionnalisés. L’échelle de qualité de carrière est utilisée pour mesurer les gains liés aux trajectoires. L’étude est complétée par l’analyse de l’influence de l’attitude de management de carrière par soi-même sur la qualité de carrière. Les résultats (784 cadres français) montrent que moins les cadres sont nomades, plus forte est la qualité de leurs carrières. Ces résultats permettent de discuter de l’intérêt de la notion de script pour aborder la co-construction (individuelle et institutionnelle) des trajectoires.
Development of highly variable microsatellite markers for the tetraploid Silene stellata (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: Zhou Juannan , Dudash Michele R. , Fenster Charles B. , Zimmer Elizabeth A. 
Published: December 2016

Premise of the study:We designed and tested microsatellite markers for the North American native species Silene stellata (Caryophyllaceae) to investigate its population genetic structure and identify selection on floral design through male reproductive success.Methods and Results:A total of 153 candidate microsatellite loci were isolated based on next‐generation sequencing. We identified 18 polymorphic microsatellite loci in three populations of S. stellata, with di‐ or trinucleotide repeats. Genotyping results showed the number of alleles per locus ranged from six to 45 and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.511 to 0.951. Five of these loci were successfully amplified in S. virginica and S. caroliniana and were also polymorphic.Conclusions:The microsatellite markers reported here provide a valuable tool for paternity analysis in S. stellata. They will also be useful for investigating the population genetic structures of S. stellata and related species.
THE ROLE OF KELVIN–HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY FOR PRODUCING LOOP-TOP HARD X-RAY SOURCES IN SOLAR FLARES
Authors: Fang Xia , Yuan Ding , Xia Chun , Doorsselaere Tom Van , Keppens Rony 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We propose a model for the formation of loop-top hard X-ray (HXR) sources in solar flares through the inverse Compton mechanism, scattering the surrounding soft X-ray (SXR) photons to higher energy HXR photons. We simulate the consequences of a flare-driven energy deposit in the upper chromosphere in the impulsive phase of single loop flares. The consequent chromosphere evaporation flows from both footpoints reach speeds up to hundreds of kilometers per second, and we demonstrate how this triggers Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) in the loop top, under mildly asymmetric conditions, or more toward the loop flank for strongly asymmetric cases. The KHI vortices further fragment the magnetic topology into multiple magnetic islands and current sheets, and the hot plasma within leads to a bright loop-top SXR source region. We argue that the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence that appears at the loop apex could be an efficient accelerator of non-thermal particles, which the island structures can trap at the loop-top. These accelerated non-thermal particles can upscatter the surrounding thermal SXR photons emitted by the extremely hot evaporated plasma to HXR photons.
ALMA SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY IN THE HUBBLE ULTRA DEEP FIELD: CO LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE COSMIC DENSITY OF MOLECULAR GAS
Authors: Decarli Roberto , Walter Fabian , Aravena Manuel , Carilli Chris , Bouwens Rychard , da Cunha Elisabete , Daddi Emanuele , Ivison R. J. , Popping Gergö , Riechers Dominik , Smail Ian R. , Swinbank Mark , Weiss Axel , Anguita Timo , Assef Roberto J. , Bauer Franz E. , Bell Eric F. , Bertoldi Frank , Chapman Scott , Colina Luis , Cortes Paulo C. , Cox Pierre , Dickinson Mark , Elbaz David , Gónzalez-López Jorge , Ibar Edo , Infante Leopoldo , Hodge Jacqueline , Karim Alex , Fevre Olivier Le , Magnelli Benjamin , Neri Roberto , Oesch Pascal , Ota Kazuaki , Rix Hans-Walter , Sargent Mark , Sheth Kartik , van der Wel Arjen , van der Werf Paul , Wagg Jeff 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
In this paper we use ASPECS, the ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field in band 3 and band 6, to place blind constraints on the CO luminosity function and the evolution of the cosmic molecular gas density as a function of redshift up to z ∼ 4.5. This study is based on galaxies that have been selected solely through their CO emission and not through any other property. In all of the redshift bins the ASPECS measurements reach the predicted “knee” of the CO luminosity function (around 5 × 109 K km s−1 pc2). We find clear evidence of an evolution in the CO luminosity function with respect to z ∼ 0, with more CO-luminous galaxies present at z ∼ 2. The observed galaxies at z ∼ 2 also appear more gas-rich than predicted by recent semi-analytical models. The comoving cosmic molecular gas density within galaxies as a function of redshift shows a drop by a factor of 3–10 from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 0 (with significant error bars), and possibly a decline at z > 3. This trend is similar to the observed evolution of the cosmic star formation rate density. The latter therefore appears to be at least partly driven by the increased availability of molecular gas reservoirs at the peak of cosmic star formation (z ∼ 2).
Fins de vie, éthique et société
Authors: Le Coz Pierre 
Published: December 2016

Le propre de la vie est de s’opposer à la mort. L’attachement à la vie est viscéral. C’est la vie qui, en nous, se cramponne à elle-même. Nous sommes habités par un impérieux « vouloir-vivre 1 » que Hans Jonas a qualifié de « principe d’approbation de la nature 2 ». La vie à travers nous s’affirme et se valorise, quand bien même la quantité de misères et de souffrances dépasserait celle des gratifications et des réjouissances. La peur de la mort est la condition de la survie, le prix à payer pour que notre espèce soit toujours présente, 200 000 ans après son apparition. Quiconque ne craint pas la mort accroît ses risques qu’elle vienne le cueillir lors des conduites à risques que lui inspire son insouciance. C’est pourquoi avertir un malade de la probabilité de décès lié à sa maladie demandera toujours au médecin un effort contre-nature.
Fins de vie, éthique et société
Authors: Pollez Bruno 
Published: December 2016

La souffrance qu’exprime une éventuelle demande d’arrêt de vie de la part d’une personne dans une situation de dépendance totale chronique demande une écoute et une analyse attentives et prolongées, et peut être notamment de natures fonctionnelle, existentielle, familiale et sociale : statut de sa vie jugé par la personne trop dépourvu de capacités ou de libertés, pénible, indigne ou inacceptable, épuisement ressenti de l’aidant, éclatement du foyer, isolement social. La première approche consiste donc à s’efforcer de mieux contribuer à ce que ces personnes retrouvent un « projet de vie », un goût de vivre, un sens à leur vie, et leurs proches des conditions de vie acceptables. Servir ces objectifs suppose d’avoir recours à l’esprit d’accompagnement des structures de soins palliatifs, dont c’est l’un des objectifs premiers. Mais il faut pour ces situations que la palette des réponses palliatives soit plus multidimensionnelle encore, pour une recherche active d’apaisement de toutes les composantes de la souffrance exprimée par la personne, et d’investissement dans le présent.
Fins de vie, éthique et société
Authors: Vigué Bernard , Deciron-Debieuvre Florence , de Crouy Anne-Claire 
Published: December 2016

La loi du 22 avril 2005 relative aux droits des malades et à la fin de vie a permis de libérer et de structurer la parole des soignants autour de la question des limitations et arrêts des thérapeutiques chez les patients aux séquelles neurologiques lourdes après des lésions cérébrales aiguës. En dépit de cette attention particulière, aucune loi ne permettra de contourner la question de la responsabilité médicale, qui ne s’exerce pas exclusivement en fin de vie mais tout autant dans le temps de la réanimation précoce et intensive.
Fins de vie, éthique et société
Authors: Billette de Villemeur Thierry 
Published: December 2016

Jamais l’enfant polyhandicapé ne peut exprimer lui-même ce qu’il ressent, pense, comprend, ou souhaite. Évaluer si les traitements nécessaires relèvent d’une obstination déraisonnable met alors le médecin en position d’évaluer pour autrui : déraisonnable, par rapport à la qualité de vie du patient ou au regard de la valeur de cette vie ? Dans le contexte de polyhandicap, il est souvent extrêmement difficile d’acquérir la certitude ou la conviction d’une mort imminente inéluctable. Quelle procédure collégiale mettre en œuvre pour décider au mieux ?
Fins de vie, éthique et société
Authors: Davous Dominique 
Published: December 2016

Cette réflexion est nourrie de l’expérience acquise dans des groupes de travail réunissant des parents et des soignants 1 , de l’expérience de formation et d’accompagnement du deuil des parents après la mort d’un enfant, ainsi que de ma propre expérience de la maladie et de la mort d’un de mes enfants 2 . Les parents sont capables de comprendre le devenir médical de leur enfant s’il est clairement et simplement exposé et que le temps nécessaire à la compréhension puis à l’assimilation de l’information est laissé : temps de l’intégration mais aussi temps du déni…
Fins de vie, éthique et société
Authors: Le Grand-Sébille Catherine 
Published: December 2016

Les rites viennent jalonner la vie en orchestrant ses grands passages 1 . Ils symbolisent la perpétuelle transformation des mortels humains que nous sommes, la valorisent, aident à la vivre et à supporter les pertes qu’elle entraîne, en l’occurrence l’abandon d’un passé qui n’était pas sans avantages et auquel il est douloureux de renoncer. En fait, face à l’action dissolvante de la mort qui approche et qui est toujours menace, puis rupture, dispersion, séparation, le déroulement des rites, les élaborations symboliques, qui s’incarnent dans une configuration religieuse ou non, tendent à une coexistence apaisée des proches avec ceux qui vont les quitter. A-t-on, dans notre société, vraiment oublié la valeur précieuse des rites, qui rendent le deuil public et reconnu ? Non, de multiples indices encore discrets signalent un renouveau de l’activité rituelle autour de la mort.