bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes toward driving after cannabis use: a systematic review
Authors: Boicu Bianca , Al-Hakim Durr , Yuan Yue , Brubacher Jeffrey 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Driving after cannabis use (DACU) is associated with increased risk of motor vehicle collisions. As cannabis legalization expands, DACU is emerging as a major public safety concern. Attitudes have a significant impact on behavioural decision making. As such, understanding the degree to which people have favorable or unfavorable evaluations of DACU is an important first step for informing prevention efforts. This systematic review summarizes existing evidence on attitudes toward DACU, their association with actual or intended DACU, and changes in attitudes following legalization of recreational cannabis.

Methods
Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and TRID) were searched for studies that reported attitudes or changes in attitudes toward DACU published between their inception dates and February 26 2024. A total of 1,099 records were retrieved. Studies were analyzed using an inductive thematic synthesis approach.

Results
Seventy studies from seven countries originating predominantly from the United States and Canada met inclusion criteria. Thematic analysis identified six themes. (I) Attitudes toward the safety and acceptability of DACU are mixed; participants in 35 studies predominantly expressed negative attitudes toward DACU (e.g., DACU is dangerous, affects driving ability, and increases crash risk). However, 20 studies reported opposing views. (II) Attitudes toward DACU vary by age, sex/gender, and cannabis use frequency; youth, men, and frequent cannabis users tended to view DACU more favorably than older participants, women, and occasional or non-users. (III) Attitudes toward DACU are associated with past DACU and intention to DACU. (IV) DACU is viewed more favorably than driving after drinking alcohol. (V) The relationship between legal status of recreational cannabis and attitudes toward DACU is unclear. (VI) Perceived risk of apprehension for DACU is low to moderate.

Conclusions
This review found that perceptions of DACU are primarily negative but mixed. Findings suggest that attitudes toward DACU are important targets for interventions to reduce this behaviour.
Evaluation of right ventricular functions in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy by speckle-tracking echocardiography
Authors: Darweesh Reham Mohamed , Ahmed Dina Mohamed Yousry , Ahmed Kamal Mahmoud , El-Aroussy Wafaa Anwar , Elagha Abdalla Amin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
It is widely recognized that the right ventricle plays a significant role in the prognosis of numerous diseases. However, the assessment of right ventricular function (RV) has not been given much attention until recently. This study used speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) to assess RV functions in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) patients.

Results
This study included 74 patients diagnosed with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and an ejection fraction (EF) of less than 50%. Although all the selected patients had normal RV systolic function by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), a considerable percentage of them had subtle RV systolic dysfunction, which could be identified by right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain (RV FWLS) (36.5%) and right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RV GLS) (55.4%). Moreover, the mean RV FWLS was significantly higher than RV GLS (− 20.4 ± 5.08% vs. − 17.5 ± 6.89%), respectively. Advanced left ventricle (LV) adverse remodeling was associated with subtle RV dysfunction. Using multivariate regression analysis, increased E/e' (p = 0.016, CI 1.135–3.423) and RV myocardial performance index (MPI) (p = 0.007, CI 0.000–0.007) were identified as independent factors of impaired RV FWLS with the greatest effectiveness.

Conclusion
When standard RV measures are normal in patients with ICM, RV systolic strain analysis offers an incremental utility to detect subtle abnormalities in RV function, especially in resource-constrained settings where cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is not practical.
Parametric multi-level modeling of Lean Six Sigma
Authors: Odeyinka Olumide F. , Ipinnimo Oluwafemi , Ogunwolu Folorunso 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLean Six Sigma is a methodology that combines Lean manufacturing and Six Sigma into a single framework for process improvement. This combination merges their tools and techniques to overcome their deficiencies while achieving bottom-line improvement. However, existing literature emphasizes general LSS implementation with very little work on modeling the interaction between Leanness and Six Sigma. This work developed a multi-level model containing leanness and Six Sigma levels to generalize LSS implementation. Three hierarchical levels—Six Sigma (level 3), leanness (level 2), and a fattening level (level 1—Sigma quality level) are defined for two models (parametrized and non-parametrized). Aggregate measures (process efficiency, asset intensity, production time, etc.) are considered at levels 2 and 3 to achieve the desired optimization goal at that level. For testing, three process measures [asset intensity (AI), planned stoppages (PS), wastes and rework (WR)] from the manufacturing data of a global brand spanning 18 months were analyzed. The maximum log-likelihood method was used to estimate the model parameters and they converged to 85.2%, 11.2%, and 8.87% for AI, PS, and WR respectively, with a strong correlation between AI and PS. A metaheuristic algorithm was extended to solve both models. The obtained process yield (0.111111 and 0.4132471), defects per million opportunities (DPMO) (12,426 and 18,046), and sigma level (3.6 and 3.74) for the parametrized and non-parametrized models respectively indicated optimal model performance and a need for the strategic use of LSS tools in improving the production output. Also, further reduction in wastes, stoppages, and downtime was observed upon tuning the parametric variables. This model provides a mathematical approach to analyzing LSS implementation and provides a basis for future adaptation to any organization.
Effects of predictors of mortality at the stage of providing trauma care for fractures of the proximal femur in people 50 years of age and older
Authors: Rodionova S. S. , Seropolov P. S. , Torgashin A. N. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: In Russia, according to official statistics, a high level of conservative treatment of fractures of the proximal femur remains, especially in older age groups. In this regard, assessing the effects of predictors of mortality at the stage of providing trauma care to such patients remains relevant. Тhere is ongoing debate regarding the timing of the effect of surgical treatment on mortality associated with the fracture event itself.AIM: To assess the effect on mortality of hip fractures in people 50 years of age and older of the type of treatment (operative or conservative) and the duration of the preoperative period.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study with a prospective component was conducted on fractures of the proximal femur that occurred from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 in people over 50 years of age living in the urban district of Armavir. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze mortality.RESULTS: Significantly longer survival after surgical treatment compared with conservative treatment was due to lower patient mortality in the interval up to 240 days (Breslow criterion (Generalized Wilcoxon, p<0.007) from the moment of injury Mortality by this period was, respectively, 11.7% versus 32.7%, the average mortality per day per 1000 patients is 0.489 among those operated on and 1.37 among those not operated on. In groups stratified by age and Charlson index, significant differences were noted only for persons 80 years of age and older. A delay in surgical intervention of more than 72 hours significantly increased mortality (Pearson chi-square test, log-rank test, p=0.012.CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment performed within 72 hours of the hip fracture reduces or minimizes the risk of death associated directly with the fracture event itself, including in persons over 80 years of age. The effect of surgical intervention on mortality is maximally manifested in the time interval of 6-8 months after the fracture.
Immunological and humoral factors in rheumatoid arthritis: the association with bone mineral density
Authors: Dobrovolskaya O. V. , Demin N. V. , Kozyreva M. V. , Samarkina E. Yu. , Toroptsova N. V. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Different cytokines could affect bone tissue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). For formulation clinically significant conclusions about cytokines role in status of bone tissue in RA patients, actual studies are needed to obtain more data.AIM: To study the association of bone mineral density (BMD) with immunological and humoral factors in postmenopausal RA women.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 73 postmenopausal women with RA (median age 63.0 [56.0; 67.0] years). A clinical and laboratory examination was performed including dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to assess BMD of the lumbar spine (L1–L4), femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH), level measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), myostatin, follistatin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-6 receptors, insulin-like growth factor 1, adiponectin, leptin, fibroblast growth factor 23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) SF12.RESULTS: Persons with osteoporosis (OP) have higher levels of adiponectin (p=0.002), TNF SF12 (p=0.015) and IL-6 receptors (p=0.014) compared to those without OP. L1–L4, FN and TH BMD positively correlated with leptin and IL-6; negative correlation was found between L1–L4 BMD and adiponectin, FN BMD and follistatin, TH BMD and TNF SF12 (p<0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed significant associations between L1–L4 BMD and PTH (β= -0.22), adiponectin (β=-0.36) and leptin (β=0.35); FN BMD with CRP (β=-0.23), ACCP (β=-0.21), PTH (β=-0.35), IL-6 (β=0.37) and leptin (β=0.32); TH BMD with CRP (β=-0.22), AСCP (β=-0.24), PTH (β=-0.30), adiponectin (β=-0.28) and leptin (β=0.42).CONCLUSION: The conducted study showed that BMD in L1-L4, FN and TH is associated with the level of CRP, ACCP, PTH, adiponectin, leptin and IL-6 in postmenopausal women with RA.
Diet and sleep quality in chilean university students
Authors: Ordóñez Ymara , Saavedra-Clarke Silvana , Reyes-García Susanne , Crovetto Mirta , Valladares Macarena , Espinoza Valentina , Machuca-Barria Claudia , Cresp-Barria Mauricio , Durán-Agüero Samuel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate an association between eating patterns and sleep quality in Chilean university students.

Methods
A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted. Participants included students from 4 Chilean universities. Each student was administered survey Questionnaire on the frequency of healthy and unhealthy eating habits and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and their weight and height were taken to obtain the Body Mass Index (BMI).

Results
A total of 1,079 young university students, 80.26 % were women and the average age was 21.7 years. The 73.68 % have inadequate sleep quality. There is a significant differences in frequency between sleep quality and the intake of breakfast (p<0.001), fish (p<0.05) and dinner (p<0.05), that is, university students who reported optimal sleep consume breakfast and dinner on a daily basis and their fish intake is in line with nutritional recommendations. With respect to the association between sleep quality and healthy dietary patterns, it is observed a significant association (p<0.01) between optimal sleep and daily breakfast consumption in model 3 (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.61 (0.46–0.82)). Regarding unhealthy dietary patterns, a significant association (p<0.05) is observed in model 3 between sleep quality and alcohol consumption (OR: 1.42 (1.02–1.96)). Furthermore, a significant association between optimal sleep and salt consumption is observed in both model 2 (OR: 0.73 (0.54–0.99)) and model 3 (OR: 0.72 (0.53–0.97)). Finally, a significant relationship between not tobacco use and optimal sleep is observed (OR: 0.68 (0.48–0.96)).

Conclusion
A positive relationship between healthy diet and sleep quality was observed in university students, which certain dietary patterns, such as the consumption of breakfast and low salt consumption and alcohol, are crucial to talk about a good sleep quality in this population group.
Fiscal and Tax Policy of Bogd Khanate of Mongolia (1911–1919)
Authors: Dorjpalam Oyuntsetseg , Selenge Tuul , Gotov Otgonsuren 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
As a result of the prolonged struggle for national independence, the Mongolian people, who endured over two centuries of oppression under Manchurian rule, regained sovereignty in 1911 and established the Republic of Mongolia. During this period, significant economic, social, and political reforms were initiated, laying the groundwork for the national financial system. This article examines the social, political, and economic landscape during the Bogd Khanate of Mongolia. Research into the tax and financial policies implemented during this period was conducted using historical documents and sources. Within the framework of Mongolian governmental financial policies, five ministries were established, accompanied by the enactment and implementation of various regulations about finance, taxation, and customs. Efforts were made to enhance state revenue; however, the accumulation of debt owed to foreign moneylenders and merchants, coupled with the taxation burden on Mongolian citizens, including payments to domestic nobles and religious institutions, exacerbated poverty and economic hardship among the populace. In June 1915, the autonomy of Mongolia, as stipulated in the treaty between Russia, Mongolia, and China, was abolished in 1919, resulting in the reassertion of foreign control over Mongolian governance.
Opportunities of artificial intelligence in the field of calibration services
Authors: Ohlrogge Matthias 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in the automated monitoring and failure prediction of production processes (H. Ding, R. X. Gao, A. J. Isaksson, R. G. Landers, T. Parisini, and Y. Yuan, “State of AI-based monitoring in smart manufacturing and introduction to focused section,” IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron., vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 2143–2154, 2020). The resulting possibilities can also be extended to the monitoring of test equipment in the process, opening up new possibilities for the automated detection of deviations in reference measuring equipment. This possibility will be demonstrated in the following report on the basis of a practical example at one of Europe’s largest calibration service providers. Within the project carried out, a deviation within a reference measuring device was recorded by means of pattern recognition with the help of the calibrations. This deviation was also metrologically confirmed in an independent interlaboratory comparison, which proves that the method used is suitable for detecting deviations in the process at an early stage and without additional acquisition of measurement data or carrying out further measurements.
Impact of calcium propionate on cellular behavior in A549 and DMS114 lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Okyay Tugba Muhlise , Güler Eray Metin , Kale Ebru , Gultekin Fatih , Koldas Macit 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the cellular and apoptotic effects of food additive calcium propionate by in vitro methods.

Methods
Cell viability by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, intracellular Glutathione (GSH) by luminometric method, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by fluorometry, apoptosis by dual Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) fluorescent staining were studied in lung cells.

Results
It has been observed that calcium propionate reduced GSH and MMP levels significantly while increased cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in both A549 and DMS114 cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions
Cytotoxic effects of calcium propionate were more pronounced in cancer cells compared to healthy cells, suggesting its potential suitability as a chemo-preventive agent.
Parto sob a perspectiva masculina: uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre a vivência dos pais no nascimento
Authors: Bellas Lorena Lopes Carvalho , Quitete Jane Baptista , Xavier Brunno Lessa Saldanha , Castro Rosana , Blanc Helene Nara Henriques , Carneiro Milena Batista , Almeida Taís Fontoura de 
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: revelar como foi a vivência do parto para os homens que participaram do nascimento de seus filhos. Método: estudo descritivo, de natureza qualitativa e de campo, tendo como técnica de coleta de dados o grupo focal, no formato virtual, denominado de roda de relato de parto. Os dados foram analisados através do software IRAMUTEQ®. Resultados: cinco (05) depoentes participaram da coleta de dados, gerando dez (10) relatos. A partir das análises foram geradas seis classes de palavras, representadas por meio de um filograma das quais se destacaram alguns termos relevantes para o estudo como “participar”, “vontade”, “possibilidade”, “medo”, “hospital”, “decisão”, entre outras. Conclusão: a participação da figura paterna, no momento do nascimento, assim como em todo o processo gravídico ressignifica a masculinidade e insere o pai em uma posição de protagonismo na vivência da paternidade.
Determinants to utilization of emergency obstetric care services among perinatal clients seeking care at Kajiado County Referral Hospital, Kajiado County, Kenya
Authors: Ahmed Khalid , Njoroge Harrison C. 
Published: September 2024

Background: Worldwide, one or more potentially fatal perinatal obstetric complications affect nearly 15% of all pregnant women. There has been little research on the provision of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) services in Kenya. This study aimed to assess the determinants of EmOC services among perinatal clients seeking care at Kajiado County Referral Hospital, Kajiado County, Kenya.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study design was embraced in this study while both systematic and simple random sampling were used to recruit study respondents for this research. Associations between the utilization of emergency obstetric care services and associated determinants were established using a Chi-square test and binary logistic regression where a p value of 0.05 or lower was considered significant.
Results: The utilization of EmOC services from this research was at 74%. Study respondents aged between 18-25 years (OR=9.4, 95% CI=0.04-0.31), being knowledgeable about EmOC services (OR=3, 95% CI=0.13-9.75), and being knowledgeable about obstetric danger signs (OR=6, 95% CI=0.06-0.45), increased the odds of utilizing EmOC services while earning less than 10000 Kshs (OR=4.3, 95% CI=0.45-4.77), reduced the odds of utilizing EmOC services.
Conclusions: The utilization of EmOC services from this research was at 74%. Study respondents aged between 18-25 years, being knowledgeable about EMOC services and being knowledgeable about obstetric danger signs increased the odds of utilizing emergency obstetric care services while earning less than 10000 Kshs reduced the odds of utilizing emergency obstetric care services.
Study of thalassemia in pediatrics population
Authors: Khare Atul Kumar , Patel Kuldip Pratap , Singh Kirti , Paliwal Ashish 
Published: September 2024

Background: Thalassemia is an inherited disorder of AR gene caused by impaired synthesis of one or more globin chains. Study aimed to study of thalassemia in pediatrics population.
Methods: This observational prospective Study done in GMC Shahdol from January 2020 to January 2023 in 60 patients. Children with thalassemia, ≥6 months age and children on regular blood transfusion with or without iron chelation therapy are included and Children with other causes of anemia like nutritional anemia, aplastic anemia, SCA were excluded.
Results: The mean age was 10.2 years, 75% were males. MC clinical features were (97%) icterus followed by (90%) pallor, 80% had moderate to severe hepatomegaly. Mean Hb was 8.5±0.9 gm/dl, 67% had severe anemia, mean MCV level was 73±2 µm3, Mean MCH and MCHC level were 20±2 pg/cell and 28±2 ghb/dl. Mean ferritin level was 1281.8±219.9 ng/dl, 39% had more than 2500 ng/dl, mean frequency of blood transfusion 16±2 times a year, mean interval between transfusion 22 ±2 days, 10% had hyperglycemia. The 6.5% had impaired GTT, while 3.3% patient’s diabetic range. 18% had hypocalcemia, 1.6% had subclinical hypothyroidism and only 4% had overt hypothyroidism. Tablet deferasirox chelating agent in all thalassemia patients. The common adverse reaction was diarrhea (26.1%), abdominal pain (23%), skin rash. Hepatitis C virus infection in 76% and hepatitis B in 48%. Two patients (4%) had decreased LVEF of 35 to 40%.
Conclusions: This study done to evaluate the thalassemic pediatrics patients in whole aspects, which is very important to know about this.
Comparison of COVID-19 second wave with the first wave of a tertiary care center in Western Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Mehra Ridhi , Gupta Udita 
Published: September 2024

Background: During this COVID-19 pandemic, there were two distinct waves observed in almost every country. A second wave beginning in March 2021 was much more devastating than the first, with shortages of vaccines, hospital beds, oxygen cylinders and other medical supplies in parts of the country.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS), Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India from March 2020 to May 2021. All COVID positive patients were included from the hospital records. The data was analysed by appropriate statistical techniques and tests.
Results: There were two distinct waves of COVID-19: wave 1 from 01 March 2020 to 31 December 2020 and wave 2 from 01 January 2021 to 31 May 2021. On admission, the mean (±SD) age of patients in the pandemic period was 45.97 years (±18.41). Males acquired COVID-19 infection in higher number in all age group compared to females in both waves. There was a higher male to female patient percentage who died in hospital from COVID-19 in wave 1 and wave 2 (χ2=0.027, p=0.869).
Conclusions: A comparative analysis of the first wave with that of the second wave can suggest a better way for the policymakers and stakeholders in the management of COVID-19 recurrence or its severity in India and other countries.