bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and validation of diagnostic genes associated with neutrophil extracellular traps of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: He Meifang , Niu Jin , Cheng Haihua , Guo Chaoying 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) cause delayed wound closed up in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the specific regulatory mechanism of NETs-related genes (NETs-RGs) in T2DM is unclear.MethodsWe acquired GSE21321 and GSE15932 datasets from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. First, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between T2DM and control samples of GSE21321 dataset were sifted out by differential expression analysis. NETs scores were calculated for all samples in GSE21321 dataset, and key module genes associated with NETs scores were screened by constructing co-expression network. Then, DEGs and key module genes were intersected to yield intersection genes, and candidate genes were identified by constructing a protein protein interaction (PPI) network. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was implemented on candidate genes to screen out diagnostic genes, and they were subjected to single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Finally, immune characteristic analysis was carried out, and we constructed the gene-drug and transcription factor (TF)-miRNA-mRNA networks. Besides, we validated the expression of diagnostic genes by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).ResultsIn total, 23 candidate genes were gained by PPI analysis. The 5 diagnostic genes, namely, inter-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 3 (ITIH3), fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1), neuron cell adhesion molecule (NRCAM), advanced glycosylation end-product-specific receptor (AGER), and calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C (CACNA1C), were identified via LASSO analysis, and they were involved in carboxylic acid transport, axonogenesis, etc. M2 Macrophage, Monocyte, Natural killer (NK) cell, and Myeloid dendritic cells (DC) were remarkably different between T2DM and control samples. Diagnostic genes had the strongest and the most significant positive correlation with B cells. The gene-drug network included CACNA1C-Isradipine, CACNA1C-Benidipine and other relationship pairs. Totally 76 nodes and 44 edges constituted the TF-miRNA-mRNA network, including signal transducer and activator of transcription 1(STAT1) -hsa-miR-3170-AGER, CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF)-hsa-miR-455-5p-CACNA1C, etc. Moreover, qRT-PCR suggested that the expression trends of FGF1 and AGER were in keeping with the results of bioinformatic analysis. FGF1 and AGER were markedly regulated downwards in the T2DM group.ConclusionThrough bioinformatic analysis, we identified NETs-related diagnostic genes (ITIH3, FGF1, NRCAM, AGER, CACNA1C) in T2DM, and explored their mechanism of action from different aspects, providing new ideas for the studies related to diagnosis and treatment of T2DM.
The effects of iron deficient and high iron diets on SARS-CoV-2 lung infection and disease
Authors: Carolin Agnes , Frazer David , Yan Kexin , Bishop Cameron R. , Tang Bing , Nguyen Wilson , Helman Sheridan L. , Horvat Jay , Larcher Thibaut , Rawle Daniel J. , Suhrbier Andreas 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe severity of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is often dictated by a range of comorbidities. A considerable literature suggests iron deficiency and iron overload may contribute to increased infection, inflammation and disease severity, although direct causal relationships have been difficult to establish.MethodsHere we generate iron deficient and iron loaded C57BL/6 J mice by feeding standard low and high iron diets, with mice on a normal iron diet representing controls. All mice were infected with a primary SARS-CoV-2 omicron XBB isolate and lung inflammatory responses were analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry and RNA-Seq.ResultsCompared with controls, iron deficient mice showed no significant changes in lung viral loads or histopathology, whereas, iron loaded mice showed slightly, but significantly, reduced lung viral loads and histopathology. Transcriptional changes were modest, but illustrated widespread dysregulation of inflammation signatures for both iron deficient vs. controls, and iron loaded vs. controls. Some of these changes could be associated with detrimental outcomes, whereas others would be viewed as beneficial.DiscussionDiet-associated iron deficiency or overload thus induced modest modulations of inflammatory signatures, but no significant histopathologically detectable disease exacerbations.
Tongue exercise ameliorates structural and functional upper airway deficits in a rodent model of hypoglossal motor neuron loss
Authors: Keilholz Amy N. , Pathak Ishan , Smith Catherine L. , Osman Kate L. , Smith Lauren , Oti Grace , Golzy Mojgan , Ma Lixin , Lever Teresa E. , Nichols Nicole L. 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionTongue weakness and atrophy can lead to deficits in the vital functions of breathing and swallowing in patients with motor neuron diseases (MNDs; e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and pseudobulbar palsy), often resulting in aspiration pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death. Available treatments for patients with MNDs are largely palliative; thus, there is a critical need for therapies targeting preservation of upper airway function and suggesting a role for tongue exercise in patients with MNDs. Here, we leveraged our inducible rodent model of hypoglossal (XII) motor neuron degeneration to investigate the effects of a strength endurance tongue exercise program on upper airway structure and function. Our model was created through intralingual injection of cholera toxin B conjugated to saporin (CTB-SAP) into the genioglossus muscle of the tongue to induce targeted death of XII motor neurons.MethodsRats in this study were allocated to 4 experimental groups that received intralingual injection of either CTB-SAP or unconjugated CTB + SAP (i.e., control) +/- tongue exercise. Following tongue exercise exposure, we evaluated the effect on respiratory function (via plethysmography), macrostructure [via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the upper airway and tongue], and ultrafine structure [via ex vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the tongue] with a focus on lipid profiles.ResultsResults showed that sham exercise-treated CTB-SAP rats have evidence of upper airway restriction (i.e., reduced airflow) and structural changes present in the upper airway (i.e., airway compression) when compared to CTB-SAP + exercise rats and control rats +/- tongue exercise, which was ameliorated with tongue exercise. Additionally, CTB-SAP + sham exercise rats have evidence of increased lipid expression in the tongue consistent with previously observed tongue hypertrophy when compared to CTB-SAP + exercise rats or control rats +/- tongue exercise.ConclusionThese findings provide further evidence that a strength endurance tongue exercise program may be a viable therapeutic treatment option in patients with XII motor neuron degeneration in MNDs such as ALS. Future directions will focus on investigating the underlying mechanism responsible for tongue exercise-induced plasticity in the hypoglossal-tongue axis, particularly inflammatory associated factors such as BDNF.
Associations between concussion and more severe TBIs, mild cognitive impairment, and early-onset dementia among military retirees over 40 years
Authors: Belding Jennifer N. , Bonkowski James , Englert Robyn , Grimes Stanfill Ansley , Tsao Jack W. 
Published: September 2024

Background and objectivesAs the population of U.S. service members (SMs) who have sustained concussions and more severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) during military service ages, understanding the long-term outcomes associated with such injuries will provide critical information that may promote long-term assessment, support, and rehabilitation following military service. The objective of this research was to examine whether concussion and more severe TBIs are associated with greater risk of precursors to dementia (i.e., mild cognitive impairment, memory loss), early-onset dementia, and any dementia.MethodsThis study used a retrospective cohort design wherein archival medical and career records from 1980 to 2020 identified U.S. military personnel who retired from military service and their corresponding Tricare-reimbursable medical encounters in inpatient and/or outpatient settings in military treatment facilities and/or purchased care settings both before and after retirement. All military personnel who served on active duty between 1980 and 2020 and were at least 45 years of age by 2020 were eligible for inclusion (N = 6,092,432). Those who were discharged from military service with a retirement designation, and were thus eligible for Tricare for Life, were included in the analytic sample (N = 1,211,972). Diagnoses of concussion and more severe TBI during active duty service recorded in inpatient settings between 1980 and 2020 and in outpatient settings from 2001 to 2020 were identified. Focal outcomes of interest included memory loss, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s, Lewy Body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and vascular dementia. Dementia diagnoses before age 65 were labeled early-onset.ResultsThose with (vs. without) concussion diagnoses during military service were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with memory loss and mild cognitive impairment and any of the dementias examined. However, they were not at greater risk of being diagnosed with early-onset dementia.DiscussionMilitary SMs diagnosed with concussion may be at elevated risk for long-term neurodegenerative outcomes including memory loss, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. As the population of SMs who sustained TBI during the Global War on Terror continue to age, the prevalence of dementia will increase and may bring a unique burden to the VHA.
Is non-invasive neuromodulation a viable technique to improve neuroplasticity in individuals with acquired brain injury? A review
Authors: Eliason Michelle , Kalbande Prajakta Premchand , Saleem Ghazala T. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore and evaluate the efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) as a standalone or coupled intervention and understand its mechanisms to produce positive alterations in neuroplasticity and behavioral outcomes after acquired brain injury (ABI).Data sourcesCochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched from January 2013 to January 2024.Study selectionUsing the PICO framework, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) randomized controlled trials (RCTs), retrospective, pilot, open-label, and observational large group and single-participant case studies were included. Two authors reviewed articles according to pre-established inclusion criteria.Data extractionData related to participant and intervention characteristics, mechanisms of change, methods, and outcomes were extracted by two authors. The two authors performed quality assessments using SORT.ResultsTwenty-two studies involving 657 participants diagnosed with ABIs were included. Two studies reported that NIBS was ineffective in producing positive alterations or behavioral outcomes. Twenty studies reported at least one, or a combination of, positively altered neuroplasticity and improved neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, motor, or somatic symptoms. Twenty-eight current articles between 2020 and 2024 have been studied to elucidate potential mechanisms of change related to NIBS and other mediating or confounding variables.DiscussiontDCS and TMS may be efficacious as standalone interventions or coupled with neurorehabilitation therapies to positively alter maladaptive brain physiology and improve behavioral symptomology resulting from ABI. Based on postintervention and follow-up results, evidence suggests NIBS may offer a direct or mediatory contribution to improving behavioral outcomes post-ABI.ConclusionMore research is needed to better understand the extent of rTMS and tDCS application in affecting changes in symptoms after ABI.
Case report: Novel use of clinical brain-computer interfaces in recreation programming for an autistic adolescent with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Van Damme Susannah , Mumford Leslie , Johnson Aleah , Chau Tom 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn recent years, several autistic1 children and youth have shown interest in Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital’s clinical brain computer interface (BCI) program. Existing literature about BCI use among autistic individuals has focused solely on cognitive skill development and remediation of challenging behaviors. To date, the benefits of recreational BCI programming with autistic children and youth have not been documented.PurposeThis case report summarizes the experiences of an autistic male adolescent with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using a BCI for recreation and considers possible benefits with this novel user population.MethodsA single retrospective chart review was completed with parental guardian’s consent.FindingsThe participant demonstrated enjoyment in BCI sessions and requested continued opportunities to engage in BCI programming. This enjoyment correlated with improved Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) scores in BCI programming, outperforming scores from other recreational programs. Additionally, clinicians observed changes in social communication efforts and self-advocacy in this first autistic participant.ConclusionThe use of brain computer interfaces in recreational programming provides a novel opportunity for engagement for autistic children and youth that may also support skill development.
Super-resolution reconstruction improves multishell diffusion: using radiomics to predict adult-type diffuse glioma IDH and grade
Authors: Zhang Chi , Wang Peng , He Jinlong , Wu Qiong , Xie Shenghui , Li Bo , Hao Xiangcheng , Wang Shaoyu , Zhang Huapeng , Hao Zhiyue , Gao Weilin , Liu Yanhao , Guo Jiahui , Hu Mingxue , Gao Yang 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesMultishell diffusion scanning is limited by low spatial resolution. We sought to improve the resolution of multishell diffusion images through deep learning-based super-resolution reconstruction (SR) and subsequently develop and validate a prediction model for adult-type diffuse glioma, isocitrate dehydrogenase status and grade 2/3 tumors.Materials and methodsA simple diffusion model (DTI) and three advanced diffusion models (DKI, MAP, and NODDI) were constructed based on multishell diffusion scanning. Migration was performed with a generative adversarial network based on deep residual channel attention networks, after which images with 2x and 4x resolution improvements were generated. Radiomic features were used as inputs, and diagnostic models were subsequently constructed via multiple pipelines.ResultsThis prospective study included 90 instances (median age, 54.5 years; 39 men) diagnosed with adult-type diffuse glioma. Images with both 2x- and 4x-improved resolution were visually superior to the original images, and the 2x-improved images allowed better predictions than did the 4x-improved images (P&lt;.001). A comparison of the areas under the curve among the multiple pipeline-constructed models revealed that the advanced diffusion models did not have greater diagnostic performance than the simple diffusion model (P&gt;.05). The NODDI model constructed with 2x-improved images had the best performance in predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase status (AUC_validation=0.877; Brier score=0.132). The MAP model constructed with the original images performed best in classifying grade 2 and grade 3 tumors (AUC_validation=0.806; Brier score=0.168).ConclusionSR improves the resolution of multishell diffusion images and has different advantages in achieving different goals and creating different target diffusion models.
Effect of social support on Muslim women’s sporting activities: mediating effect of psychological adjustment
Authors: Chen Nan , Qiao Fengjie 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study explores the relationship between social support and sporting activities of Muslim women and constructs a mediation model through role of psychological adjustment.MethodsUsing stratified cluster sampling, 301 Muslim women were measured in group psychology using the Social Support Scale and the Sports Activities and Psychological Adjustment Scale. The statistical software SPSS 24.0 and SPSS PROCESS 3.3 were used for statistical processing. The common-method variation test was carried out using the Harman single-factor control test. Finally, the Bootstrap sampling test method and process plug-in were used to test the significance of the intermediary effect.Results(1) Social support has a significant predictive effect on sports activities (β = 0.32, p &lt; 0.001); (2) psychological adjustment (β = 0.552, p &lt; 0.001) mediates the relationship between social support and sporting activities [social support → psychological adjustment → sporting activities (95% Cl, 0.093, 0.323)].ConclusionSocial support positively influences sporting participation among Muslim women, and psychological adjustment mediates this relationship. Strengthening social support for Muslim women can enhance their psychological adjustment, thereby improving their participation in sporting activities and offering valuable theoretical and practical guidance.
Campus landscape types and pro-social behavioral mediators in the psychological recovery of college students
Authors: Xu Yi , Wang Tingting , Wang Jinsong , Tian Hongtao , Zhang Ruixin , Chen Yixuan , Chen Hong 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionPhysical and mental health problems of college students are becoming more prominent, and contact with nature has a positive effect on physical and mental health. This paper investigates the psychological recovery effect of different types of campus green space landscape on college students. From the perspective of college students’ perception of campus landscape types, the green space, blue space, gray space and movement space of three universities in Anhui Province are investigated.MethodsThrough choose campus landscape types and questionnaires, structural equation modeling (SEM) and mediation modeling were constructed on the role of college students’ perception of campus landscape types on psychological recovery.ResultsIt was found that the level of landscape type perception had a significant effect on the effect of psychological recovery and the generation of pro-social behavior, with no significant gender difference, while psychological recovery also had a positive effect on the generation of pro-social behavior. The study also found that campus landscape type not only directly affect students psychological recovery, but also promote psychological recovery through the mediating role of pro-social behavior.DiscussionThe study reveals the effects of campus landscape type on college students’ psychological recovery, and pro vides a basis for planning campus of different types.
Healthcare utilization and economics evaluation of paliperidone palmitate once-monthly in schizophrenia: a one-year, real-world, and retrospective mirror image study in China
Authors: Zhou Yixiang , Chen Binbin , Huang Yinghua 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundInvestigation and analysis of the changes in healthcare resources and burden of schizophrenia in the real world before and after switching from oral antipsychotics (OAPs) to paliperidone palmitate once-monthly (PP1M) could provide evidence to clinicians and patients for choosing treatment modality and data support for health policy optimizationMethodsThe first dosage of PP1M was set as mirror point, and patients with mirror point between January 2020 and June 2022 were recruited in the study. The differences in treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization, and costs within one year before and after the mirror point were compared.ResultsA total of 72 patients transitioning from OAPs to PP1M (mean age, 35.33 years; 43.06% female) were included in the study. Of the 72 patients, the application of PP1M resulted in a significant reduction in the hospitalization times, emergency room visits, and direct medical costs (P &lt; 0.001), while the pharmacy cost and total cost increased by 222.57% (P &lt; 0.001) and 16.35% (P &lt; 0.001), respectively; PP1M accounted for 88.48% of the pharmacy cost. For patients with ≥1 hospitalization during the OAPs phase (n = 25), the number of hospitalizations, hospitalization days and hospitalization expenses decreased by more than 90% (P &lt; 0.001). Total one-year expenses decreased by 37.67% (P &lt; 0.001), and pharmacy expenses increased by 185.21% (P &lt; 0.001). For patients with no hospitalizations during the OAPs phase (n = 47), emergency and outpatient visits decreased by 70% (P &lt; 0.001) and 30.27% (P &lt; 0.05), respectively, while the total cost increased by 117.56% (P &lt; 0.001), and the pharmacy cost increased by 260.15% (P &lt; 0.001) after initiation of PP1M treatment.ConclusionAfter the transition to PP1M, the number of hospitalizations and outpatient and emergency department visits reduced, and healthcare resources were conserved. Switching to PP1M may be more economically beneficial for patients with prior hospitalizations while on OAP regimens. The high price of PP1M might be an obstacle to its widespread use.