bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transperineal prostate brachytherapy, using I-125 seed with or without adjuvant androgen deprivation, in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer: study protocol for a phase III, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Miki Kenta , Kiba Takayoshi , Sasaki Hiroshi , Kido Masahito , Aoki Manabu , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Miyakoda Keiko , Dokiya Takushi , Yamanaka Hidetoshi , Fukushima Masanori , Egawa Shin 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background
The optimal protocol for 125I-transperineal prostatic brachytherapy (TPPB) in intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients remains controversial. Data on the efficacy of combining androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) with 125I-TPPB in this group remain limited and consequently the guidelines of the American Brachytherapy Society (ABS) provide no firm recommendations.

Methods/Design
Seed and Hormone for Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer (SHIP) 0804 is a phase III, multicenter, randomized, controlled study that will investigate the impact of adjuvant ADT following neoadjuvant ADT and 125I-TPPB. Prior to the end of March, 2011, a total of 420 patients with intermediate-risk, localized PCa will be enrolled and randomized to one of two treatment arms. These patients will be recruited from 20 institutions, all of which have broad experience of 125I-TPPB. Pathological slides will be centrally reviewed to confirm patient eligibility. The patients will initially undergo 3-month ADT prior to 125I-TPPB. Those randomly assigned to adjuvant therapy will subsequently undergo 9 months of adjuvant ADT. All participants will be assessed at baseline and at the following intervals: every 3 months for the first 24 months following 125I-TPPB, every 6 months during the 24- to 60-month post-125I-TPPB interval, annually between 60 and 84 months post-125I-TPPB, and on the 10th anniversary of treatment.
The primary endpoint is biochemical progression-free survival (BPFS). Secondary endpoints are overall survival (OS), clinical progression-free survival, disease-specific survival, salvage therapy non-adaptive interval, acceptability (assessed using the international prostate symptom score [IPSS]), quality of life (QOL) evaluation, and adverse events. In the correlative study (SHIP36B), we also evaluate biopsy results at 36 months following treatment to examine the relationship between the results and the eventual recurrence after completion of radiotherapy.

Discussion
These two multicenter trials (SHIP0804 & SHIP36B) are expected to provide crucial data regarding the efficacy, acceptability and safety of adjuvant ADT. SHIP36B will also provide important information about the prognostic implications of PSA levels in intermediate-risk PCa patients treated with 125I-TPPB.

Trial registration
NCT00664456, NCT00898326, JUSMH-BRI-GU05-01, JUSMH-TRIGU0709
Prognostic factors for outcomes after whole-brain irradiation of brain metastases from relatively radioresistant tumors: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Meyners Thekla , Heisterkamp Christine , Kueter Jan-Dirk , Veninga Theo , Stalpers Lukas JA , Schild Steven E , Rades Dirk 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background
This study investigated potential prognostic factors in patients treated with whole-brain irradiation (WBI) alone for brain metastases from relatively radioresistant tumors such as malignant melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer. Additionally, a potential benefit from escalating the radiation dose was investigated.

Methods
Data from 220 patients were retrospectively analyzed for overall survival and local control. Nine potential prognostic factors were evaluated: tumor type, WBI schedule, age, gender, Karnofsky performance score, number of brain metastases, extracerebral metastases, interval from diagnosis of cancer to WBI, and recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) class.

Results
Survival rates at 6 and 12 months were 32% and 19%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, WBI doses >30 Gy (p = 0.038), KPS ≥70 (p < 0.001), only 1-3 brain metastases (p = 0.007), no extracerebral metastases (p < 0.001), and RPA class 1 (p < 0.001) were associated with improved survival. Local control rates at 6 and 12 months were 37% and 15%, respectively. In the multivariate analyses, KPS ≥70 (p < 0.001), only 1-3 brain metastases (p < 0.001), and RPA class 1 (p < 0.001) were associated with improved local control. In RPA class 3 patients, survival rates at 6 months were 10% (35 of 39 patients) after 10 × 3 Gy and 9% (2 of 23 patients) after greater doses, respectively (p = 0.98).

Conclusions
Improved outcomes were associated with WBI doses >30 Gy, better performance status, fewer brain metastases, lack of extracerebral metastases, and lower RPA class. Patients receiving WBI alone appear to benefit from WBI doses >30 Gy. However, such a benefit is limited to RPA class 1 or 2 patients.
THE PREPARATION OF A PAPER
Authors: FAUST LAWRENCE Y. 
Published: July 2016

Oral and written presentation of a scientific paper require dissimilar preparation. Properly planned figures carry the theme in oral presentation from introduction through conclusions. The accompanying comments by the speaker, using the slides as notes, explain and emphasize. The planning of figure sequence and practice of the running comments aid mutually in assuring an optimum organization. An integrated delivery results. The complete and permanent disclosure in the published paper utilizes figures and tables primarily for the display of data. The text describes the research and carries the argument. The abstract, tables, figures, and figure captions should provide a good synopsis of the paper. Complete disclosure requires clear writing which is attained by outside criticism and thoughtful and continued revision.
Diagnostic potential of structural neuroimaging for depression from a multi-ethnic community sample
Authors: Sankar Anjali , Zhang Tianhao , Gaonkar Bilwaj , Doshi Jimit , Erus Guray , Costafreda Sergi G. , Marangell Lauren , Davatzikos Christos , Fu Cynthia H.Y. 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundAt present, we do not have any biological tests which can contribute towards a diagnosis of depression. Neuroimaging measures have shown some potential as biomarkers for diagnosis. However, participants have generally been from the same ethnic background while the applicability of a biomarker would require replication in individuals of diverse ethnicities.AimsWe sought to examine the diagnostic potential of the structural neuroanatomy of depression in a sample of a wide ethnic diversity.MethodStructural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained from 23 patients with major depressive disorder in an acute depressive episode (mean age: 39.8 years) and 20 matched healthy volunteers (mean age: 38.8 years). Participants were of Asian, African and Caucasian ethnicity recruited from the general community.ResultsStructural neuroanatomy combining white and grey matter distinguished patients from controls at the highest accuracy of 81% with the most stable pattern being at around 70%. A widespread network encompassing frontal, parietal, occipital and cerebellar regions contributed towards diagnostic classification.ConclusionsThese findings provide an important step in the development of potential neuroimaging-based tools for diagnosis as they demonstrate that the identification of depression is feasible within a multi-ethnic group from the community.
A lipidomics study reveals hepatic lipid signatures associating with deficiency of the LDL receptor in a rat model
Authors: Wang Hong Yu , Quan Chao , Hu Chunxiu , Xie Bingxian , Du Yinan , Chen Liang , Yang Wei , Yang Liu , Chen Qiaoli , Shen Bin , Hu Bian , Zheng Zhihong , Zhu Haibo , Huang Xingxu , Xu Guowang , Chen Shuai 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) plays a critical role in the liver for the clearance of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Its deficiency causes hypercholesterolemia in many models. To facilitate the usage of rats as animal models for the discovery of cholesterol-lowering drugs, we took a genetic approach to delete the LDLR in rats aiming to increase plasma LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). An LDLR knockout rat was generated via zinc-finger nuclease technology, which harbors a 19-basepair deletion in the seventh exon of the ldlr gene. As expected, deletion of the LDLR elevated total cholesterol and total triglyceride in the plasma, and caused a tenfold increase of plasma LDL-C and a fourfold increase of plasma very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-C). A lipidomics analysis revealed that deletion of the LDLR affected hepatic lipid metabolism, particularly lysophosphatidylcholines, free fatty acids and sphingolipids in the liver. Cholesterol ester (CE) 20:4 also displayed a significant increase in the LDLR knockout rats. Taken together, the LDLR knockout rat offers a new model of hypercholesterolemia, and the lipidomics analysis reveals hepatic lipid signatures associating with deficiency of the LDL receptor.
John Maynard Smith’s typology of animal signals: A view from semiotics
Authors: Maran Timo 
Published: July 2016

Approaches to animal communication have for the most part been quite different in semiotics and evolutionary biology. In this context the writings of a leading evolutionary biologist who has also been attracted to semiotics — John Maynard Smith — are an interesting exception and object of study. The present article focuses on the use and adaptation of semiotic terminology in Maynard Smith’s works with reference to general theoretical premises both in semiotics and evolutionary biology. In developing a typology of animal signals, Maynard Smith employs the concepts of icon, index and symbol to denote distinct signal classes. He uses “indices” or “indexes” to express a signal type where the relation between signal properties and meaning is restricted because of physical characteristics. Such approach also points out the issue of the motivatedness of signs, which has had a long history in semiotics. In the final part of the article the usage and content of the concepts of signal form and meaning in Maynard Smith’s writings are analysed. It appears that in evolutionary biology, the “signal” is a vagueconcept that may denote a variety of things from an animal’s specific physiological status to artificial theoretical constructs. It also becomes evident that in actual usage the concept of signal often includes references to the receiver’s activity and interpretation, which belong rather to the characteristics of sign process. The positive influence of Maynard Smith’s works on semiotics could lie in paying attention to the role of physical necessities in animal communication. Physical constraints and relations also seem to have a significant role in semiotic processes although this is not always sufficiently studied or understood in semiotics.
Konrad Lorenz’s epistemological criticism towards Jakob von Uexküll
Authors: Brentani Carlo 
Published: July 2016

In the work of Lorenz we find an initial phase of great concordance with Uexkülls theory of animals’ surrounding-world (Umweltlehre), followed by a progressive distance and by the occurrence of more and more critical statements. The moment of greater cohesion between Lorenz and Uexküll is represented by the work Der Kumpan, which is focused on the concept of companion, functional circles, social Umwelt. The great change in Lorenz’ evaluation of Uexküll is marked by the conference of 1948 Referat über Jakob von Uexküll, where Lorenz highlights the vitalist position of Uexküll. In the works of the years after World War II, the influence of the Estonian Biologist greatly diminishes, even though Lorenz continues to express his admiration for particular studies and concepts of Uexküll. References to Uexküll’s work are less and far in between, while the difference is highlighted between the uexküllian theoretical frame (vitalistic) and Lorenz’s one (Darwinian and evolutionist). The two main critical lines of argument developed by Lorenz in this process are the biological and the epistemological one: on the biological side Lorenz heavily criticizes Uexküll’s vitalism and his faith in harmonizing forces and supernatural factors (which leads to concepts such as the perfect fusion of all biological species in their environment and the absence of rudimentary organs). On the epistemological side, Lorenz, arguing from the point of view of the critical realism, accuses Uexküll of postulating the separateness of all living beings, a separateness which is due to the Kantian idea that every subject of knowledge and action is imprisoned in the transcendental circle of its representations and attitudes.
Metaphorical analogies in approaches of Victor Turner and Erving Goffman: Dramaturgy in social interaction and dramas of social life
Authors: Võsu Ester 
Published: July 2016

Metaphorical analogies have been popular in different forms of reasoning, theatre and drama analogy among them. From the semiotic perspective, theatre is a representation of reality. Characteristic to theatrical representation is the fact that for creating representations of reality it uses, to a great extent, the materiality and cultural codes that also constitute our everyday life; sometimes the means of representation are even iconically identical to the latter. This likeness has inspired numerous writers, philosophers and, later, social scientists to look for particular similarities between social life, drama and theatre. In this paper I chose two particular approaches from the social sciences that make use of the metaphorical analogy of theatre in quite different, yet, to certain extent, also overlapping ways — Victor Turner’s concept of “social dramas” from anthropology and Erving Goffman’s “dramaturgy” of social interactions from sociology. The former bases his analogy more on the structure of the dramatic text and on a key resemblance in the (dramatic) conflict, whereas the latter builds his analogy on the principles of performing used in theatre, and regards characters and roles as major resemblances between action on stage and in social space. This paper examines these key resemblances and sheds light on what kind of interpretations of culture and society emerge when theatre analogies are put into action. In the concluding section some general problems, related to extended metaphors and analogical explanations the researcher needs to face with, are discussed.
Robust Aircraft Routing
Authors: Yan Chiwei , Kung Jerry 
Published: July 2016

We propose a robust optimization approach to minimize total propagated delay in the aircraft routing problem. Instead of minimizing the expected total propagated delay by assuming that flight leg delays follow specific probability distributions, our model minimizes the maximal possible total propagated delay when flight leg delays lie in a prespecified uncertainty set. We develop exact and tractable solution approaches for our robust model. The major contribution of our model is that it allows us to explicitly model and handle correlation in flight leg delays (e.g., because of weather or various air traffic management initiatives) that existing approaches cannot efficiently incorporate. Using both historical delay data and simulated data, we evaluate the performance of our model and benchmark against the state-of-the-research stochastic approach. In most of the cases, we observe that our model outperforms the existing approach in lowering the mean, reducing volatility, and mitigating extreme values of total propagated delay. In the cases where a deficit in one of the three criteria exists, gains in the other two criteria usually offset this disadvantage. These results suggest that robust optimization approaches can provide promising results for the aircraft routing problem. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2015.0657 .
Métodos para a remoção de redundâncias de árvores de falhas
Authors: Firmino Paulo Renato Alves , Moreira Pedro Igor Carvalho , Chikushi Rohgi Toshio Meneses , Droguett Enrique López 
Published: July 2016

A análise de árvores de falhas é uma importante ferramenta de apoio às inferências quanto à confiabilidade que, por sua vez, é uma das bases da engenharia de produção. O método de BDDs (Diagramas de Decisão Binária) tem sido citado como uma alternativa às técnicas convencionais, que alia tanto maior precisão quanto menor esforço computacional. O grande problema para a aplicação de BDDs reside na necessidade de conversão da árvore de falhas para o seu formato. Os métodos de diagramas espirais, que assumem a função de conversores da árvore em BDD, requerem que não haja redundâncias na árvore; isto é, queela esteja isenta de cortes não-mínimos. Neste artigo sugere-se, uma série de métodos de remoção de redundâncias de árvores de falhas, a princípio coerentes, inicialmente inspirada no método de redução de Faunet.
Modificação da escala de classificação por postos utilizada em Análise Conjunta para aprimorar o modelo obtido por regressão com variáveis dummy
Authors: Trindade Anderson Laécio Galindo , Rotondaro Roberto Gilioli 
Published: July 2016

A Análise Conjunta é uma técnica para a medida de preferências que considera que o processo de escolha é determinado por utilidades associadas a níveis de um conjunto de atributos. Para a estimativa das utilidades parciais e totais, a regressão vem sendo amplamente utilizada e o seu uso direto com o ordenamento dos estímulos em postos também tem sido empregado. Este trabalho propõe a modificação da escala por postos fornecida pelo entrevistado em uma nova escala, ainda discreta, que mantenha a posição relativa entre os produtos originalmente ordenados. O objetivo desta mudança é estimar um modelo em que areconstrução da ordem original seja mais eficiente. Os resultados mostram que é possível obter uma maior concordância com o ordenamento original usando o método aqui proposto, o que pode credenciar seu uso para o tratamento posterior dos dados coletados.
Uma abordagem de geração de colunas para o Problema Generalizado de Atribuição
Authors: Senne Edson Luiz França , Lorena Luiz Antonio Nogueira , Salomão Silvely Nogueira de Almeida 
Published: July 2016

A relaxação lagrangeana/surrogate tem sido explorada recentemente como método de estabilização e aceleração de abordagens de geração de colunas. Este trabalho mostra como o uso da relaxação lagrangeana/surrogate conduz para uma abordagem de geração decolunas melhor para o Problema Generalizado de Atribuição (PGA), em comparação com o método de geração de colunas tradicional. O PGA pode ser descrito como o problema de atribuir n tarefas a m máquinas de forma que cada tarefa é atribuída a apenas uma máquina e as capacidades das máquinas são respeitadas. O trabalho apresenta testes computacionaisusando problemas disponíveis na literatura para demonstrar a superioridade da abordagem proposta.
Mapa estratégico, uma representação gráfica do Balanced Scorecard, ferramenta para otimização da tomada de decisões: estudo de caso de uma indústria de porte médio
Authors: Storch Clane Regina Rech , Nara Elpídio Oscar Benitez , Storch Luiz Afonso 
Published: July 2016

Atualmente as empresas preocupadas em melhorar sua capacidade de competitividade frente ao ambiente globalizado existente buscam novas ferramentas de gestão, para tanto o presente trabalho objetiva propor um mapa estratégico, baseado na metodologia do Balanced Scorecard, para uma indústria de porte médio do ramo de plásticos. São descritos os principais conceitos relacionados com o assunto, enfatizando, planejamento estratégico e Balanced Scorecard. Nessa nova forma de gerenciamento, destaca-se como instrumento da maior importância, a construção do mapa estratégico elaborado a partir da missão, visão,estratégias, objetivos e perspectivas levantadas na organização, que possuam abrangência e coerência compatíveis com a atualidade e que permitam, sobretudo, considerar a importância crescente dos valores intangíveis frente aos tradicionais valores físicos.
O Uso de Famílias de Circuitos e Rede Neural Artificial para Previsão de Demanda de Energia Elétrica
Authors: Todesco José Leomar , Pimentel Francisco J. S. , Bettiol Arlan L. 
Published: July 2016

A busca pela melhoria na qualidade da distribuição é uma constante nas empresas de energia. As metodologias atuais de supervisão das redes de distribuição utilizando geoprocessamento baseiam-se no cálculo de demanda dos transformadores através do uso de uma única curva de correlação kWh x kVA que emprega técnicas estatísticas. Este método édenominado método indireto de previsão da carga, e dele decorrem todos os cálculos elétricos do circuito para aferir seu desempenho quanto à qualidade dos níveis de tensão, do carregamento dos equipamentos e condutores, do balanceamento da carga, bem como das perdas elétricas. Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de estudo das famílias de circuitos (residencial, comercial, industrial, rural, público e outros) utilizando informações sobre o consumo de energia através da aplicação de algoritmos de clustering e, posteriormente, da aplicação de uma Rede Neural Artificial (RNA) para a aproximação das curvas de demanda para as famílias identificadas. A RNA utilizada foi a Radial Basis Function (RBF), por ser um aproximador universal. São também apresentados no artigo testes comparativos realizados com o modelo de regressão linear simples e a RBF.
Raritan Landing: A Permanent Exhibit at East Jersey Old Town Village
Authors: Veit Maxine N. Lurie and Richard 
Published: July 2016

This review inaugurates a new section in New Jersey Studies: Exhibit Reviews. The intent of this section is to provide readers with timely information about new exhibits relating to New Jersey history and related fields, and to assess the scholarship behind and potential impact of those exhibits. Raritan Landing: A Permanent Exhibit at East Jersey Old Town Village, 1050 River Road, Piscataway, N.J. Open M-F 8:30 to 4; Sunday 1-4. The exhibit is provided by the Middlesex County Cultural & Heritage Commission and Middlesex County Board of Chosen Freeholders, with funding from the New Jersey Historical Commission/Division of the Department of State, the New Jersey Department of Transportation, and the Federal Highway Administration. Curated by Mark Nonesteid, then Director of Exhibits and Programs with Guest Curator, Rebecca Yamin.
Automatisierung einer datenintensiven Leistungsabrechnung im Flughafen-Serviceumfeld
Authors: Kovynyov Ivan , Devaquet Georges , Riesen Bruno 
Published: July 2016

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag basiert auf Erfahrungen aus einem Projekt bei Swissport Zürich im Jahr 2014. Neben einem Ansatz zur
Datenintegration mit einem Datamart werden die zentralen Mittel eines Veränderungsmanagements nach Phasen eines
Big-Data-Projekts vorgestellt. Dabei werden typische Hürden bei Big-Data-Projekten aufgezeigt, z. B. Skepsis gegenüber
Big Data und schwer quantifizierbarer Nutzen. Dazu liefert der Beitrag konkrete Hinweise und Strategien, um diese Hürden
zu überwinden, z. B. Aufstellen eines belastbaren Business Case und Modellierung der Veränderung mit einer
Unternehmensarchitektur.
Industrie 4.0 – (R)evolution ohne Regelungstechnik?
Authors: Listmann Kim D. , Wenzelburger Philipp , Allgöwer Frank 
Published: July 2016

Zusammenfassung
Industrie 4.0 steht für die digital vernetzte Produktion, ermöglicht durch Informations- und
Kommunikationstechnologie. Dieser Artikel wirft daher die Frage nach der Notwendigkeit von Anpassungen der
Regelungstechnik in der zukünftigen vernetzten Produktionsgesellschaft auf und zeigt was beim Übergang dazu bisher
unbeantwortet blieb. Bei der Betrachtung wird deutlich, dass regelungstechnische Aspekte bei dieser Entwicklung keineswegs
fehlen und die eingesetzten Regelungskonzepte weiterentwickelt werden müssen, um das von Industrie 4.0 versprochene
Potential zu entfalten.