bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Welfare Impacts of Commodity Price Volatility: Reply
Authors: Bellemare Marc F. , Barrett Christopher B. , Just David R. 
Published: December 2015

It was with delight that we read McBride's comment on our work (Bellemare, Barrett, and Just 2013), first because we welcome more light on a topic on which we spent almost seven years before the AJAE accepted it for publication, and second because a dialogue such as this one is, in our view, part and parcel of what makes the research endeavor worthwhile.In this response to McBride's comment, we bring further light to this topic by discussing the difference between willingness to pay (WTP) as a proportion of income calculated at mean income versus mean WTP as a proportion of income. We then discuss the necessary limitations imposed on researchers doing work of the nature of that done in Bellemare, Barrett, and Just (2013) by the use of observational data. We conclude by briefly discussing potential solutions to those limitations.
Association of Urinary Sodium Excretion With Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Clinical Events in 17,033 Latin Americans
Authors: Lamelas Pablo M. , Mente Andrew , Diaz Rafael , Orlandini Andres , Avezum Alvaro , Oliveira Gustavo , Lanas Fernando , Seron Pamela , Lopez-Jaramillo Patricio , Camacho-Lopez Paul , O′Donnell Martin J. , Rangarajan Sumathy , Teo Koon , Yusuf Salim 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Information on actual sodium intake and its relationships with blood pressure (BP) and clinical events in South America is limited. The aim of this cohort study was to assess the relationship of sodium intake with BP, cardiovascular (CV) events, and mortality in South America.

METHODS
We studied 17,033 individuals, aged 35–70 years, from 4 South American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Colombia). Measures of sodium excretion, estimated from morning fasting urine, were used as a surrogate for daily sodium intake. We measured BP and monitored the composite outcome of death and major CV events.

RESULTS
Overall mean sodium excretion was 4.70±1.43g/day. A positive, nonuniform association between sodium and BP was detected, with a significant steeper slope for the relationship at higher sodium excretion levels ( P &lt; 0.001 for interaction). With a median follow-up of 4.7 years, the primary composite outcome (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure) occurred in 568 participants (3.4%). Compared with sodium excretion of 5–6g/day (reference group), participants who excreted &gt;7g/day had increased risks of the primary outcome (odds ratio (OR) 1.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24 to 2.40; P &lt; 0.001), as well as death from any cause (OR 1.87; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.83; P = 0.003) and major CV disease (OR 1.77; 95% CI 1.12 to 2.81; P = 0.014). Sodium excretion of &lt;3g/day was associated with a statistically nonsignificant increased risk of the primary outcome (OR 1.20; 95% CI 0.86 to 1.65; P = 0.26) and death from any cause (OR 1.25; 95% CI 0.81 to 1.93; P = 0.29), and a significant increased risk of major CV disease (OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.24; P = 0.048), as compared to the reference group.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results support a positive, nonuniform association between estimated urinary sodium excretion and BP, and a possible J-shaped pattern of association between sodium excretion over the entire range and clinical outcomes.
Epigenetics of drought-induced trans-generational plasticity: consequences for range limit development
Authors: Alsdurf Jacob , Anderson Cynthia , Siemens David H. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Genetic variation gives plants the potential to adapt to stressful environments that often exist beyond their geographic range limits. However, various genetic, physiological or developmental constraints might prevent the process of adaptation. Alternatively, environmentally induced epigenetic changes might sustain populations for several generations in stressful areas across range boundaries, but previous work on Boechera stricta , an upland mustard closely related to Arabidopsis , documented a drought-induced trans-generational plastic trade-off that could contribute to range limit development. Offspring of parents who were drought treated had higher drought tolerance, but lower levels of glucosinolate toxins. Both drought tolerance and defence are thought to be needed to expand the range to lower elevations. Here, we used methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphisms to determine whether environmentally induced DNA methylation and thus epigenetics could be a mechanism involved in the observed trans-generational plastic trade-off. We compared 110 offspring from the same self-fertilizing lineages whose parents were exposed to experimental drought stress treatments in the laboratory. Using three primer combinations, 643 polymorphic epi-loci were detected. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) on the amount of methylation detected resulted in significant combinations of epi-loci that distinguished the parent drought treatments in the offspring. Principal component (PC) and univariate association analyses also detected the significant differences, even after controlling for lineage, planting flat, developmental differences and multiple testing. Univariate tests also indicated significant associations between the amount of methylation and drought tolerance or glucosinolate toxin concentration. One epi-locus that was implicated in DFA, PC and univariate association analysis may be directly involved in the trade-off because increased methylation at this site on the genome decreased drought tolerance, but increased glucosinolate concentration.
traseR: an R package for performing trait-associated SNP enrichment analysis in genomic intervals
Authors: Chen Li , Qin Zhaohui S. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Summary: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have successfully identified many sequence variants that are significantly associated with common diseases and traits. Tens of thousands of such trait-associated SNPs have already been cataloged, which we believe form a great resource for genomic research. Recent studies have demonstrated that the collection of trait-associated SNPs can be exploited to indicate whether a given genomic interval or intervals are likely to be functionally connected with certain phenotypes or diseases. Despite this importance, currently, there is no ready-to-use computational tool able to connect genomic intervals to phenotypes. Here, we present traseR, an easy-to-use R Bioconductor package that performs enrichment analyses of trait-associated SNPs in arbitrary genomic intervals with flexible options, including testing method, type of background and inclusion of SNPs in LD.
Availability and implementation: The traseR R package preloaded with up-to-date collection of trait-associated SNPs are freely available in Bioconductor
Contact: zhaohui.qin@emory.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Limited effects of increased CO2 and temperature on metal and radionuclide bioaccumulation in a sessile invertebrate, the oyster Crassostrea gigas
Authors: Belivermiş Murat , Warnau Michel , Metian Marc , Oberhänsli François , Teyssié Jean-Louis , Lacoue-Labarthe Thomas 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This study investigated the combined effects of reduced pH and increased temperature on the capacities of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas to bioconcentrate radionuclide and metals. Oysters were exposed to dissolved radiotracers (110mAg, 241Am, 109Cd, 57Co, 54Mn, and 65Zn) at three pH (7.5, 7.8, 8.1) and two temperatures (21 and 24°C) under controlled laboratory conditions. Although calcifying organisms are recognized as particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification, the oyster did not accumulate differently the studied metals when exposed under the different pH conditions. However, temperature alone or in combination with pH somewhat altered the bioaccumulation of the studied elements. At pH 7.5, Cd was accumulated with an uptake rate constant twofold higher at 24°C than 21°C. Bioaccumulation of Mn was significantly affected by an interactive effect between seawater pH and temperature, with a decreased uptake rate at pH 7.5 when temperature increased (27 ± 1 vs. 17 ± 1 d−1 at 21 and 24°C, respectively). Retention of Co and Mn tended also to decrease at the same pH with decreasing temperature. Neither pH nor temperature affected strongly the elements distribution between shell and soft tissues. Significant effects of pH were found on the bioaccessibility of Mn, Zn, and 241Am during experimental in vitro simulation of human digestion.
Association Between Bagrada hilaris Density and Feeding Damage in Broccoli: Implications for Pest Management
Authors: Palumbo John C. , Carrière Yves 
Published: December 2015

Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae) has become a serious economic pest of brassica crops in Arizona and southern California. Feeding damage on broccoli can result in excessive seedling mortality and, on established plants, in malformed plants which are not commercially marketable. Although management tactics have been developed for this new pest, a reliable sampling technique for estimating adult density is lacking. Here, we analyzed data from 18 insecticide trials conducted from 2011 to 2014 in plots planted to broccoli to determine if estimates of fresh feeding damage on broccoli plants can be used to forecast B. hilaris densities. The proportion of plants with fresh feeding damage in a plot was significantly affected by year, trial nested within year, number of insecticides applied, and time after insecticide application. Average density of B. hilaris adults per plant in a plot was significantly affected by year, trial nested within year, and number of insecticides applied, while time after insecticide application had a marginal effect on population density. Across plots and years, the proportion of plants with fresh feeding damage was strongly and positively associated with the average number of B. hilaris adults per plant. Our results suggest that sampling young plants for signs of fresh feeding damage will provide a reliable and accurate sampling technique for monitoring B. hilaris in broccoli fields. We recommend that growers and pest control advisers focus their monitoring efforts on sampling broccoli plants for the presence of fresh feeding damage, rather than adults alone, when making pest management decisions. Accepted for publication 10 November 2015. Published 12 November 2015.
Ancestral genome estimation reveals the history of ecological diversification inAgrobacterium
Authors: Lassalle Florent , Planel Rémi , Penel Simon , Chapulliot David , Barbe Valérie , Dubost Audrey , Calteau Alexandra , Vallenet David , Mornico Damien , Bigot Thomas , Guéguen Laurent , Vial Ludovic , Muller Daniel , Daubin Vincent , Nesme Xavier 
Published: December 2015

AbstractHorizontal gene transfer (HGT) is considered as a major source of innovation in bacteria, and as such is expected to drive adaptation to new ecological niches. However, among the many genes acquired through HGT along the diversification history of genomes, only a fraction may have actively contributed to sustained ecological adaptation. We used a phylogenetic approach accounting for the transfer of genes (or groups of genes) to estimate the history of genomes inAgrobacteriumbiovar 1, a diverse group of soil and plant-dwelling bacterial species. We identified clade-specific blocks of co-transferred genes encoding coherent biochemical pathways that may have contributed to the evolutionary success of keyAgrobacteriumclades. This pattern of gene co-evolution rejects a neutral model of transfer, in which neighbouring genes would be transferred independently of their function and rather suggests purifying selection on collectively coded acquired pathways. The acquisition of these synapomorphic blocks of co-functioning genes probably drove the ecological diversification ofAgrobacteriumand defined features of ancestral ecological niches, which consistently hint at a strong selective role of host plant rhizospheres.
‘I don't consider a cup performance; I consider it a test’: masculinity and the medicalisation of infertility
Authors: Bell Ann V. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractResearchers have deemed medicalisation a ‘gendered’ theory, yet the incorporation of men and masculinity in medicalisation literature is sparse. Recently, however, medicalisation scholarship has begun studying men. This burgeoning literature heavily emphasises sexuality and is beginning to focus on medicalised masculinities in which traits associated with masculinity are deemed a health risk. Such research has demonstrated how masculinities shape men's lived experiences of health, but how does health itself shape masculinity? I explore this question using the case of infertility. Through thirty in‐depth interviews, I find that men use medicine as a way to achieve rather than diminish their sense of masculinity in the feminised context of reproduction. By perpetuating the stereotype that infertility is a woman's problem, the medical establishment has caused men to not necessarily see themselves as infertile. Additionally, even if men do claim the infertility status, they do not perceive it as negative. The legitimating effects of medicalisation objectify the ailment and separate its connection with sexuality. In centring men's voices, the study not only reveals men as active players in the reproductive process, but also incorporates them into understandings of medicalisation.
Reconsidering The Price–Income Relationship Across Countries
Authors: Fujii Eiji 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis study reconsiders the well‐known cross‐country positive association between prices and income by focusing on heterogeneity between the inter‐developed‐country and inter‐developing‐country relationships. Empirical results suggest that developed and developing countries exhibit the positive price–income association for different reasons. Specifically, we find only for the inter‐developed‐country case that the positive price–income association is attributable, at least partly, to the Balassa–Samuelson productivity differential effect. The idiosyncrasy of the inter‐developing‐country relationship is not dissolved by controlling for the effects of a variety of real and financial variables. The findings cast some doubt on the conventional explanation for the cross‐country price–income relationship.
Bowley Duopoly Under Vertical Relations
Authors: Wako Tohru , Ohta Hiroshi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCompared to the well‐known oligopoly models such as those of Cournot, the so‐called Bowley duopoly is less known, and almost ignored in the literature. This neglect reflects the assumption that as a leader–leader model incorporating apparent excess rivalry it is presumably untenable, at least in theory. However, it is, in fact, observable in practice. Furthermore, the predicted excess competition is not only observable empirically but also accountable theoretically. We show how excess competition emerges when an upstream monopolist offers the downstream retailers a compensated game in which each acts as a leader. The outcome is not only stable but also benefits all involved actors, including consumers under vertically‐related markets, such as those presided over by a monopolist producer. This result of emergent stability shows that the Bowley duopoly should be considered alongside other oligopoly models.
Improved Geometric Model of Extensional Fault‐bend Folding
Authors: Xiaoli ZHENG , Guangyu HE , Senqing HU , Zewei YAO , Hui WANG , Lu LIN 
Published: December 2015

AbstractExtensional fault‐bend folds, also called rollovers, are one of the most common structures in extensional settings. Numerous studies have shown that oblique simple shear is the most appropriate mechanism for quantitative modeling of geometric relations between normal faults and the strata in their hanging walls. However, the oblique simple shear has a rather serious issue derived from the shear direction, particularly above convex bends. We use geometric and experimental methods to study the deformation of extensional fault–bend folds on convex bends. The results indicate that whether the fault bends are concave or convex, the shear direction of the hanging wall dips toward the main fault. On this basis, we improve the previous geometric model by changing the shear direction above the convex bends. To illustrate basin history, our model highlights the importance of the outer limit of folding instead of the growth axial. Moreover, we propose a new expression for the expansion index that is applicable to the condition of no deposition on the footwall. This model is validated by modeling a natural structure of the East China Sea Basin.
Study on the Crystal of Daomanite
Authors: Zuxiang YU , Hanggen WANG 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIt was not possible to carry out a complete analyses of crystal, as the experiment by Ding and Shi et al. It's analysis precisionR=0.25 or more big than this, which value are not satisfied for single crystal study, but we through many test and found the best: [R(int)=14.5%]. The final full‐matix least‐squares refinement onF2converged toR1=0.0791 and wR2=0.1864 for 704 observed reflections [I32s(I)]. Daomanite is orthorhombic system, space groupCmc21a=3.7520(8))Å,b=15.844 (4) Å,c=5.8516(12) Å, α=β=γ=90°.V=347.86(14)Å3,Z=4. Daomanite chemical formula is CuPtAsS2. Idealized composition Me+M2+M2+S2=CuS·PtAsS. There is no other similar mineral in the world.
Types and Characteristics of the Lower Silurian Shale Gas Reservoirs in and Around the Sichuan Basin
Authors: Haikuan NIE , Jinchuan ZHANG , Shengling JIANG 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis study analyzed the characteristics and types of the Lower Silurian shale gas reservoirs in and around Sichuan Basin through field observations, slices, Ar‐ion‐beam milling, scanning electron microscopy, and x‐ray diffraction analysis of 25 black shale outcrops and samples. Two main types of shale gas reservoirs were determined, i.e., fractures and pores. Fractures were classified into five categories, i.e., giant, large, medium, small, and micro, according to the features of the shale gas reservoirs, effect of fracture on gas accumulation, and fracture nature. Pore types include organic matter pores, mineral pores (mineral surface, intraparticle, interparticle, and corrosional pore), and nanofractures. The various fracture types, fracture scales, pore types, and pore sizes exert different controls over the gas storage and production capacity. Pores serve as a reservoir for gas storage and, the gas storage capacity can be determined using pores; fractures serve as pathways for gas migration, and gas production capacity can be determined using them.
Relationship between Geological Structures and Hydrocarbon Enrichment of Different Depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Youlu JIANG , Hua LIU , Guoqi SONG , Yongshi WANG , Pei LIU , Xueying LÜ 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe Bohai Bay Basin contains many depressions with varying degrees of hydrocarbon enrichment associated with the geological structures of different depressions. This study discussed the relationship between the geological structures and hydrocarbon enrichment of the depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin. Based on the Paleogene strata distribution and the length to width ratio of different depressions, their geological structures are divided into three types in plan‐view: open (length/width < 2), narrow (length/width > 4) and transitional types (length/width 2–4). In cross section, the geological structures can be divided into dustpan I, dustpan II and double‐faulted types. Based on tectonic evolution and sedimentary characteristics, the depressions are classified into early‐formed, inherited and late‐formed categories. Generally, narrow depressions are mainly located in the northeast and southwest of the Bohai Bay Basin, while open depressions are dominantly distributed in the central area of the basin; late‐formed depressions are mainly around the Bohai sea area, and early‐formed depressions are mostly located in the periphery of the basin. Geological structures of the depressions control the formation of the source, reservoir and cap rocks as well as hydrocarbon accumulation setting, and further influence the pay zones and oil‐bearing sequence. In detail, dustpan II and double‐faulted depressions mainly have A‐type sags, which often possess better hydrocarbon generation conditions than dustpan I ones; hydrocarbons in open dustpan II depressions tend to accumulate in the central uplift areas or buried hill, while those in narrow dustpan I depressions always accumulate in gentle slope belts. The oil‐bearing sequence for different evolutional depressions corresponds well with the sedimentary strata of the main development stages of depressions. In early‐formed depressions, hydrocarbons are mainly enriched in deeply buried reservoirs, while in late‐formed depressions hydrocarbons are abundant in the relatively shallow traps. In summary, most inherited and late‐formed dustpan II depressions are enriched in hydrocarbons due to their extensive source rocks and good source–reservoir–seal assemblages, whereas dustpan I and early‐formed depressions are relatively poor in hydrocarbons.
Formation and Evolution of a Paleosol across the Lower Silurian‐Lower Permian Boundary in Zunyi District, Northern Guizhou, China and Its Paleoenvironment and Paleoclimate Implications
Authors: Xiaohui XIONG , Jiafei XIAO , Ruizhong HU , Jian WANG , Yi WANG , Xinsong WANG , Qi DENG 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a set of bulk geochemical and mineralogical data from a paleoweathering profile located in Zunyi District, Northern Guizhou, China. It was formed at the top of the Hanjiadian Formation of the Lower Silurian. A truncated, argillic, gleyed, kryptic paleospodosol is recognized in the paleoweathering profile. Ratios of immobile elements (Ti/Zr, Ti/Al) and their binary (e.g., Nb vs. Zr/TiO2 and Th/Sc vs. Zr/Sc), triangular diagrams (La‐Th‐Sc, Th‐Sc‐Zr/10, Zr‐Cr‐Ga) reflect that the Gaojiayan paleosol is the product of in‐situ weathering of gray‐green silty mudstone of the underlying Hanjiadian Formation. Mass balance calculations indicate K enrichment and Na enrichment in the upper and lower portions of paleosol, respectively. These findings both are the results of transgression, which brings substantial concentrations of such elements as K, Na, and Sr. In particular, K enrichment is achieved by the illitization of kaolinite. The biological processes of terrestrial vascular plants also enhance K concentration, especially at the top of the paleosol. Na enrichment is a consequence of albitization and/or adsorption by clay minerals through cation exchange. The mass distributions and relative mass changes of rare earth elements (REEs) in the studied profile display characteristics of vertical zonation. Three peaks in total REEs content are observed, indicating two paleoclimatic or paleoenvironmental changes. Mineralogical characteristics indicate that the paleoclimate changed first from warm and humid to cold and dry and later, to dry and lightly warmer. The corresponding soil environment varies from weakly acidic to strongly alkaline and later, to weakly acidic. Mass translocation characteristics of REEs and several transition metals suggest that the Gaojiayan paleosol may have undergone top erosion.