bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wind and Current Effects on Extreme Wave Formation and Breaking
Authors: Zou Qingping , Chen Haifei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWind and current effects on the evolution of a two-dimensional dispersive focusing wave group are investigated using a two-phase flow model. A Navier–Stokes solver is combined with the Smagorinsky subgrid-scale stress model and volume of fluid (VOF) air–water interface capturing scheme. Model predictions compare well with the experimental data with and without wind. It was found that the following and opposing winds shift the focus point downstream and upstream, respectively. The shift of focus point is mainly due to the action of wind-driven current instead of direct wind forcing. Under strong following/opposing wind forcing, there appears a slight increase/decrease of the extreme wave height at the focus point and an asymmetric/symmetric behavior in the wave focusing and defocusing processes. Under a weak following wind, however, the extreme wave height decreases with increasing wind speed because of the dominant effect of the wind-driven current over direct wind forcing. The vertical shear of the wind-driven current plays an important role in determining the location of and the extreme wave height at the focus point under wind actions. Furthermore, it was found that the thin surface layer current is a better representation of the wind-driven current for its role in wind influences on waves than the depth-uniform current used by previous studies. Airflow structure above a breaking wave group and its link to the energy flux from wind to wave as well as wind influence on breaking are also examined. The flow structure in the presence of a following wind is similar to that over a backward-facing step, while that in the presence of an opposing wind is similar to that over an airfoil at high angles of attack. Both primary and secondary vortices are observed over the breaking wave with and without wind of either direction. Airflow separates over the steep crest and causes a pressure drop in the lee of the crest. The resulting form drag may directly affect the extreme wave height. The wave breaking location and intensity are modified by the following and opposing wind in a different fashion.
Exposure to suicide behaviour and individual risk of self-harm: Findings from a nationally representative New Zealand high school survey
Authors: Chan Song , Denny Simon , Fleming Theresa , Fortune Sarah , Peiris-John Roshini , Dyson Ben 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: To examine whether there is an association between students self-reported suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-injury and exposure to suicidal behaviour among friends, family members or within school communities. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative health and well-being survey of 8500 New Zealand high school students conducted from March through November 2012. Students’ self-reported suicide attempts and repeated non-suicidal self-injury was examined in relation to student reports of self-harming behaviour among friends and family as well as data from school administrators of completed suicides within the school community. Results: Almost 1 in 20 (4.5%) students reported a suicide attempt in the last 12 months and 7.9% reported repeated non-suicidal self-injury in the last 12 months. The risk of both suicide attempts and repeated non-suicidal self-injury was highest among females, students from homes with economic deprivation and among students reporting an episode of low mood in the previous 12 months. Students exposed to suicide attempts or completed suicide among friends and/or family members were at increased risk of reporting attempted suicide and repeated non-suicidal self-injury in the last year. There was no association between completed suicide in school community and students self-reported suicide attempts or repeated non-suicidal self-injury. Conclusions: Low mood and exposure to suicide attempts of friends and family members are associated with suicide attempts and repeated non-suicidal self-injury in New Zealand high school students. This research highlights importance of supporting adolescents with low mood and exposed to suicide of friends and family.
Procedural Justice, Legitimacy, and Public Cooperation with Police
Authors: Sun Ivan Y. , Wu Yuning , Hu Rong , Farmer Ashley K. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives: The principal objective of the current study is to test the applicability of Tom Tyler’s process-based model of policing in China. A secondary objective of this research is to examine the internal consistency and discriminant validity of key composite constructs in Tyler’s model. Methods: Using survey data collected from approximately 1,000 residents in a Chinese city, ordinary least squares regression was employed to assess the direct and indirect (through legitimacy) effects of procedural justice, specific distributive justice, and police effectiveness on willingness to cooperate with the police. Results: The internal consistency and discriminant validity of key composites in Tyler’s original model appear questionable with the Chinese data. Procedural justice, just like in the West, plays a significant role in predicting Chinese views on police legitimacy and willingness to cooperate with the police. Meanwhile, the strongest predictor of Chinese perceptions of police legitimacy is police effectiveness. The impact of both distributive justice and effectiveness on Chinese willingness to cooperate is mainly indirect through police legitimacy. Conclusions: Key arguments of Tyler’s model are largely supported by the Chinese data. Future research needs to develop culture-specific measures to further elaborate Tyler’s process-based model of policing.
Neighborhood Crime Control in a Changing China
Authors: Messner Steven F. , Zhang Lening , Zhang Sheldon X. , Gruner Colin P. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives: This research assesses the impacts of three distinctive crime control activities organized and directed by the neighborhood committees with the assistance of local police in contemporary urban China—Tiao-jie, Bang-jiao, and neighborhood watches. Tiao-jie deals with disputes and minor criminal cases. Bang-jiao provides guidance to residents who have committed minor offenses or have been released from correctional institutions to facilitate reintegration. Neighborhood watches engage local residents in crime prevention under the direction of neighborhood committees. Method: Using survey data recently collected in Tianjin, we examine the effects of indicators of the implementation of these neighborhood-based crime control strategies on residents’ reports of household property victimizations that occurred within the neighborhoods with multilevel logistic regressions. Results: Net of a range of individual-level and neighborhood-level control variables, the indicators of the level of activity of Tiao-jie, Bang-jiao, and neighborhood watches exhibit negative effects on reported household property victimization. Conclusions: Our findings provide suggestive evidence that the traditional strategies of neighborhood-level crime control continue to be relevant in the China of today and that the role of collective efficacy appears to differ from that observed in Western cities.
The Effect of Physical Exercise After a Concussion: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lal Avtar , Kolakowsky-Hayner Stephanie A. , Ghajar Jamshid , Balamane Maya 
Published: June 2017

Background: Data evaluating the role of exercise in patients with a concussion are contradictory. Studies have reported improvement in the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) score, whereas others showed no effect on the PCSS score. Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of physical exercise on different outcomes in patients with a concussion. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A search of 5 databases from the earliest available date to September 30, 2016, and a hand search of a few articles were performed. Trial registries were reviewed, and authors of multiple studies were contacted to find additional published or unpublished studies. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and before and after (pre-post) studies evaluating the effect of physical exercise, compared with control, in patients with a concussion or mild traumatic brain injury were included. Results: The search generated 1096 studies. Of these, 14 studies (5 RCTs, 1 propensity score matching study, 3 cohort studies, and 5 before and after studies) met our inclusion criteria. Exercise significantly decreased the PCSS score (mean difference, −13.06; 95% CI, −16.57 to −9.55; P < .00001; I2 = 44%), percentage of patients with symptoms of a concussion (risk ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.86; P = .0001; I2 = 0%), and days off work (17.7 days vs 32.2 days, respectively; P < .05) compared with control. Exercise improved the reaction time (standard mean difference, –0.43; 95% CI, −0.80 to −0.06; P = .02) component of the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) score without affecting the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) score and neuropsychological parameters. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) scores were moderate for the PCSS, symptoms, ImPACT, BESS, and neuropsychological tests. Conclusion: Physical exercise appears to improve the PCSS score and symptoms in patients with a concussion. A high-quality RCT evaluating different intensities of exercise at different time points, for different durations after a concussion, for different races/ethnicities, and for sex needs to be conducted to evaluate a clear effect of exercise in patients with a concussion.
A two-stage cold isostatic pressing and gelling approach for fabricating a therapeutically loaded amorphous calcium polyphosphate local delivery system
Authors: Comeau Patricia , Filiaggi Mark 
Published: June 2017

Local delivery systems have taken on a greater clinical focus for osteomyelitis therapy owing to their ability to overcome many disadvantages of systemic delivery. This study reports for the first time the capacity to fabricate strontium- and vancomycin-doped calcium polyphosphate beads using a two-stage cold isostatic pressing and gelling approach. The fabricated beads were of uniform shape and diameter, and upon gelling exhibited reduced porosity. Of greatest significance in the subsequent in vitro study was the improvement of bead long-term structural stability upon vancomycin incorporation; a characteristic that further encourages the extended release of therapeutically relevant levels of antibiotic. Overall, this study provides support for the inclusion of a cold isostatic pressing step in the fabrication of a therapeutically loaded calcium polyphosphate bead-based local delivery system intended for osteomyelitis treatment.
Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with refractory thrombocytopenia: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Y , Feng X 
Published: June 2017

Objective We evaluated the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with refractory thrombocytopenia. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data for 20 systemic lupus erythematosus patients with refractory thrombocytopenia and treated with tacrolimus during the period January 2013 to January 2015. In addition to glucocorticoids, all patients were treated with tacrolimus, 1 mg taken twice daily. The clinical effect of tacrolimus treatment in patients was evaluated by analysis of platelet counts at baseline and after one, three and six months of tacrolimus treatment. Levels of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies and complement C3, C4 were determined individually. Results After one month of tacrolimus treatment, three patients (15%) did not respond, three patients (15%) achieved a complete response and the other 14 patients (75%) achieved a partial response. After three months of tacrolimus treatment, the platelet counts of all patients were significantly improved. A partial response was seen in 14 patients (75%) and the complete response rate increased to 25% (five patients). After six months, all patients attained partial response or complete response without relapse, and the rate of complete response increased to 75%. Compared to pretreatment, anti-double-stranded DNA antibody levels and the disease activity index score were markedly decreased after tacrolimus treatment. The levels of serum C3 and C4 were increased significantly ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Our survey revealed that a six-month course of tacrolimus is a safe and effective treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus patients with refractory thrombocytopenia.
Owner perceptions of their cat’s quality of life when treated with a modified University of Wisconsin–Madison protocol for lymphoma
Authors: Thornton Laura A , Cave Nicholas , Bridges Janis P , Stell Anneliese J 
Published: June 2017

Objectives The objectives of this study were to assess owner perceptions of their cat’s quality of life during treatment for lymphoma with a doxorubicin-containing multi-agent chemotherapy protocol, whether various health-related parameters correlated with quality of life scores, and to assess owner satisfaction with the protocol. Methods A postal questionnaire was sent to the owners of 33 treated cats. Owners retrospectively assessed their cat’s quality of life using a Likert scale (1–10) before lymphoma was diagnosed, at diagnosis and during chemotherapy. Owners assigned scores to various health-related parameters previously reported to affect quality of life at the three time points, and correlations with quality of life scores were sought. Owners were asked to rate the importance of these health-related parameters. Satisfaction with the protocol was investigated. Results Twenty questionnaires were completed (61% response rate). The median quality of life score before diagnosis (10, range 5–10) was higher than at diagnosis (3, range 1–9) ( P <0.05). The median quality of life score during chemotherapy (7, range 3–9) was lower than before diagnosis ( P <0.05) and higher than at diagnosis, but this was not statistically significant. Quality of life scores did not correlate with individual health-related parameter scores consistently; however, quality of life scores did correlate with appetite scores during chemotherapy. Appetite, vomiting and diarrhoea were parameters perceived as important in affecting quality of life. Most owners (75%) were happy they had treated their cat. Conclusions and relevance The quality of life scores observed were comparable to a previous study using cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone, employing the same scoring system. Although quality of life scores during chemotherapy were not significantly improved at diagnosis, owner satisfaction with the protocol was high. The factors perceived by owners to determine quality of life in their pets may be different to those previously conjectured, but appetite during chemotherapy remains important.
Long-Term Cause-Specific Mortality After Surgery for Women With Breast Cancer: A 20-Year Follow-Up Study From Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Cancer Registries
Authors: Escarela Gabriel , Jiménez-Balandra Alan , Núñez-Antonio Gabriel , Gordillo-Moscoso Antonio 
Published: June 2017

Background: Research into long-term cause-specific mortality of women diagnosed with breast cancer is important because it allows for the splitting of the population into patients who eventually die from breast cancer and from other causes. The adoption of this approach helps to identify patients with an elevated risk of eventual death from breast cancer. Objective: The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations between both sociodemographic and clinicopathologic characteristics and the underlying risks of death from breast cancer and from other causes for women diagnosed with breast cancer. A second aim was to propose a predictive biomarker of cause-specific mortality in terms of treatment and several important characteristics of a patient. Methods: A cohort of 16 511 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer in 1990 was obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries and followed for 20 years. A mixture model for the regression analysis of competing risks was used to identify factors and confounders that affected either the eventual cause-specific mortality or conditional cause-specific hazard rates, or both. Missing data were handled with multiple imputation. Results: Curvilinear relationships of age at diagnosis along with race, marital status, breast cancer type, tumor size, estrogen receptor status, extension, lymph node status, type of surgery, and radiotherapy status were significant risk factors for the cause-specific mortality, with extension and lymph node status appearing to be confounded with the effects of both type of surgery and radiotherapy status. The score obtained from combining a set of predictors showed to be an accurate predictive biomarker. Conclusions: In cause-specific mortality of women diagnosed breast cancer, prognosis appears to depend on both sociodemographic and clinicopathologic factors. The predictive biomarker proposed in this study may help identifying the level of seriousness of the disease earlier than traditional methods, potentially guiding future allocation of resources for better patient care and management strategies.
Analysis of Graphical Errors in the Written Works of Primary School Pupils
Authors: Скребец  , Skrebec T. 
Published: June 2017

The article presents the results of the study of the written works of primary school pupils, characterizes groups of specific errors committed by pupils of the second and fourth grades during the process of copying, writing dictation and presentation. According to the results of the study, conclusions are drawn that, in comparison with other groups of errors, graphical ones are the most common, and their number increases depending on the
complexity of the type of work. This proves the need for purposeful joint work of specialists – participants in the educational process – in order to improve the culture of the graphic writing of junior schoolchildren.
Representação e Ética
Authors: Telles Narciso , Ferracini Renato , De Bulhões-Carvalho Ana Maria , Carreira André 
Published: June 2017

Este texto discute a possibilidade de uma ética da representação considerando que toda representação é um dispositivo. Assim abordaremos teatralidades que privilegiam o intercâmbio, o compromisso e a implicação de todos os participantes do acontecimento cênico: atores/performers e espectadores. Pretendemos discutir os sentidos das representações, colocando em questão a sua utilidade, sem opor representações como contraditórias aos critérios de verdade. Pensamos a ética como prática, portanto, o trabalho de criação como ação ética. Nossa abordagem da Ética como ação se relaciona com os processos de criação dos atores, e nos conduz ao questionamento de práticas criativas e à expansão da noção da representação teatral como ação política.

ABSTRACT
This paper discusses a possibility of an representation's ethics considering that all representation is an artificial device. Our focus is the theatrical experience that explores exchanges, commitment and involvement of all participants of the scenic event: actors / performers and spectators. We intend to discuss the meanings of representations, considering of theater's usefulness, without opposing representations as a contradictory element of truth. We think ethics as practice that is why the session is an opportunity to rethink the researches of the teachers who composes it session. Our view of ethics as action leads us to discuss our creative practices and the notion of theatrical representation as political action.

KEYWORDS
acting: contemporary theater: ethics: representation.
“Professor, você não tem orgulho de ser brasileiro?”: a música do Brasil no fim do século XIX e início do século XX
Authors: Baia Silvano Fernandes 
Published: June 2017

Este texto apresenta a transcrição adaptada para artigo de uma palestra proferida a alunos do curso de Música da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. A palestra expôs uma visão panorâmica da música no Brasil do fim do século XIX às primeiras décadas do século XX, em especial nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo. O artigo identifica quatro vertentes composicionais, abrangendo desde uma linha mais afinada ao romantismo europeu até os compositores/intérpretes populares não letrados musicalmente que começaram a registrar suas invenções após a chegada da gravação mecânica ao Brasil, em 1902. Também localiza os primórdios do nacionalismo na música erudita brasileira, situa o surgimento da corrente do nacionalismo musical no fim dos anos 1920 como uma escola composicional que foi hegemônica até meados dos anos 1960, além de observar a relação dos músicos com o Estado a partir da ditadura de Getúlio Vargas. Enfim, analisa o caráter autoritário do projeto do nacionalismo musical para concluir com a observação de seu aspecto conservador ao cumprir um papel de resistência às técnicas composicionais surgidas na primeira metade do século XX.

ABSTRACT
This text presents a transcription adapted for paper of a lecture for Music college students at
Federal University of Uberlândia. The lecture presented a panoramic view of the music in Brazil between the late 19th Century and the first decades of the 20th Century, especially in the cities of Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo. Four major compositional lines are identified, ranging from those more aligned with European romanticism up until the composers/performers who are musically non-literate, whose inventions started being registered only after the arrival of mechanical recording in Brazil in 1902. The study herein indicates the beginnings of nationalism in Brazilian classical music and the emergence of the stream of musical nationalism in the late 1920's, as a compositional school that was hegemonic until the mid-1960's. It also takes into account the relation between musicians and the State of former president Getúlio Vargas’s dictatorship. It analyses the authoritarian character of the nationalist musical project and in conclusion, refers to its conservative aspect, seeing that it played a role of resistance to new compositional techniques that emerged in the first half of the twentieth century.

KEYWORDS
Brazilian music; Musical nationalism; History of Brazilian Music
Traçando diferentes linhas para o balé: perspectivas políticas do movimento do coreógrafo William Forsythe (1949)
Authors: Ferreira Rousejanny Silva 
Published: June 2017

Este artigo problematiza a feitura e sentidos do balé na contemporaneidade a partir do diálogo entre os estudos da dança e da performance. Como norte desta pesquisa, recorro ao pesquisador André Lepecki para traçar algumas linhas políticas do movimento na dança cênica, focando na expressão do balé e seu desenvolvimento potencial com o coreógrafo norte americano William Forsythe, a frente do Frankfurt Ballet na década de 1990. Forsythe problematizou pontos conceituais e composicionais do balé que desencadearam uma série de questões sobre o modo de entendê-lo na contemporaneidade.

ABSTRACT
This article discusses the making and contemporary ballet's senses from the dialogue between dance and performance studies. As North of this research, turn to the researcher André Lepecki to plot some political lines of movement in scenic dance, focusing on expression of the ballet and its development potential with the American choreographer William Forsythe, the Frankfurt Ballet in late 1990. Forsythe discussed conceptual and compositional points of the Ballet that triggered a series of questions on how to understand him in contemporary times.
KEYWORDS: Ballet; dance studies; William Forsythe.