bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Zeolit dan Dolomit sebagai Pembenah untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Pemupukan pada Lahan Sawah
Authors: Juarsah Ishak 
Published: September 2016

Salah satu upaya alternatif untuk meningkatkan kualitas lahan sawah yang telah terdegradasi adalah mengaplikasikan zeolit dan dolomit yang dikombinasi dengan pengelolaan bahan organik serta sistem pemupukan berimbang yang spesifik lokasi berdasarkan uji tanah dan kebutuhan tanaman. Pemanfaatan pembenah tanah untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan pada lahan sawah perlu dilakukan, sebab kegiatan intensifikasi dan estensifikasi pertanian dari program Bimas dan Inmas yang kurang mengindahkan kaidah pemupukan berimbang telah mengakibatkan semakin merosotnya kualitas lahan sawah, sehingga terjadi fenomena levelling off. Penelitian dilakukan di Lampung Tengah dengan tujuan 1) mengetahui tingkat efisiensi pemupukan di tingkat petani sebagai dampak dari penggunaan zeolit dan dolomit, : (2) mengetahui pengaruh pemberian zeolit dan dolomit terhadap perbaikan sifat-sifat tanah dan produktivitas lahan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei, yakni pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuisioner terstruktur guna mengungkap karakteristik petani, identifikasi, dan prospek zeolit dan dolomit di masa depan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa jenis zeolit dan dolomit yang dikenal dan digunakan adalah: Zeolit Agro 2000, ZP.30 (Zeolit yang diperkaya hara P) dan dolomit. Penggunaan zeolit dan dolomit bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman padi sekitar 10-30%. One of alternative efforts to increase rice field soils quality which have degradated is through applying zeolit and dolomite combined with organic matter management along with spesific location balanced fertilizer system based on soil testing and nutrients need for the crop. Study of soil conditioner utilization for increasing fertilizer efficiency on paddy soils must be done, because agriculture intensive and extensive activity of Bimas and Inmas program did not considered the principles of balanced fertilizer which consequences the decreasing of paddy soils quality, finally lead to the occurrence a levelling off phenomenon. The research had been conducted in Centre Lampung district with the objectives, (1) to know fertilizer efficiency at the farmer level as the impact of zeolit and dolomite utilizing. (2) to know the efect of the soil physic and chemical and land productivity. The research method used was survey methods, its mean that data collected pass through interview with the structure questioner to know farmer’s characteristics, identification, and soils conditioner development prospect in the future. The results of this research found that, the kind of zeolit and dolomite which had been known and used were Zeolit Agro 2000, ZP.30 (enriched zeolit with P nutrient) and dolomite. Zeolit and dolomite utilization in both districts had benefit to increase rice crop production more or less 10-30%.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Daun (Allium fistulosum L.) Varietas Linda Akibat Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Ayam dan Pupuk Urea
Authors: Yusdian Yudi , Antralina Merry , Diki Ahmad 
Published: September 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk urea terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang daun. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kampung Legokkaso Desa Cinanggela Kecamatan Pacet Kabupaten Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat. dengan jenis tanah Latosol dengan pH 5,7, terletak pada ketinggian 1.200 m di atas permukaan laut. Curah hujan 2.205 mm/tahun termasuk curah hujan tipe C3 (Oldeman, 1979). Percobaan dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan bulan Mei 2014. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan kombinasi pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk urea adalah sebagai berikut: A (0g+2,2g), B (12g+2,0g), C (14g+1,8g), D (16g+1,6g), E (18g+1,4g), F (20g+0g).Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pemberian dosis 16 g pupuk kandang ayam dan 1,6 g pupuk urea memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, dan hasil per tanaman bawang daun varietas Linda. This study aimed to determine the effect of chicken manure and urea dosage combination on the growth and yield of spring onions. The experiment was conducted in the Legokkaso Residential, Cinanggela Village, Pacet Subdistrict, Bandung Regency, of West Java Province. The soil was Latosol with pH 5.7, located at an altitude of 1,200 m above sea level. Rainfall was 2.205 mm/years including precipitation C3 type (Oldeman, 1979). The experiment was conducted from March to May 2014. The research method used was randomized block design method (RBD) consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment was combination of chicken manure and urea as follows: A (0g + 2,2g), B (12g + 2,0g), C (14g + 1,8g), D (16g + 1,6g), E (18g + 1,4g), F (20g + 0g). The result showed that dosage 16g of chicken manure and 1.6 g urea gave a better effect on the growth of plant height, number of tillers, yield of plant.
Peningkatan Produksi Bawang Merah Melalui Teknik Pemupukan NPK
Authors: Istina Ida Nur 
Published: September 2016

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura strategis yang penyebarannya hampir di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Permasalahan pengembangan komoditas ini adalah masih rendahnya produktivitas sebagai akibat adaptasi dan kecukupan asupan hara tanaman. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis pupuk NPK yang efektif dan efisien telah dilakukan di desa Langensari Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat dari Maret sampai Mei 2014 menggunakan Rancangan Acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Pupuk NPK yang digunakan adalah A= NPK 18+9+10+Te, B=NPK 15+15+sulfat 10, C=NPK 12+11+18z+(S) z +3 Mg+3,8S+Te, D= NPK 15+9+20(S)+2 MgO+3,8 S+Te, E= NPK 25+7+7 dan F=kontrol. Parameter yang diamati meliputi: tinggi tanaman, jumlah umbi, jumlah daun, panjang umbi (cm), diameter umbi (cm), bobot basah (g) dan bobot kering brangkasan (g). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NPK 12+11+18z+(S)z+3 Mg+3,8S+Te menghasilkan bobot umbi terbaik. The shallot is one of the strategic and valuable horticultural commodities which is spreaded almost all over Indonesia area. Commodity development constrain by the low productivity as a result of adaptation and inadequate intake of plant nutrients. The research purposed to get the kind of NPK fertilizers that was efective and efficient on shallot production had been done in the Langensari village Langensari Lembang district, West Bandung regency from March till May 2014, using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 3 repplications. NPK fertilizer used were: A = NPK 18+9+10+Te, B = NPK 15+15+sulfate 10, C = NPK 12+11+18z+(S) z + 3 Mg+3,8S+Te, D = NPK 15+9+20(S)+2MgO+3,8 S+Te, E = NPK 25+7+7 and F = control. The observed parameters were plant height (cm), number of tubers, leaf number, tuber length, tuber diameter, fresh weight and dry weight tuber. The results showed that NPK 12+11+18z+ (S)z+3 Mg+3,8S+Te gave the best growth and production.
Efektivitas Jumlah Telur Corcyra cephalonica Terparasitasi Trichogramma sp. terhadap Persentase Telur yang Terparasit dan Jumlah Larva Penggerek Batang Tebu Bergaris (Chilo sacchariphagus)
Authors: Setiati Yati , Mutmainah Neneng Hayatul , Subandi M 
Published: September 2016

Hama penggerek batang merupakan hama yang paling penting pada tanaman tebu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh telur Corcyra cephalonica yang terparasitasi Trichogramma sp. terhadap hama penggerek batang tebu bergaris (Chilo sacchariphagus). Serta untuk mengetahui jumlah telur Corcyra cephalonica yang terparasitasi Trichogramma sp. yang paling efektif terhadap pengendalian hama penggerek batang tebu bergaris (Chilo sacchariphagus) Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PT. PG Rajawali II Unit Puslit Agro (pusat penelitian Agronomi) Desa Sumber Jatitujuh-Majalengka, dari bulan April sampai bulan Juni 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada parasitasi penggerek batang tebu bergaris (Chilo saccaripagus) perlakuan 5 pias (750 butir telur Trichogamma sp.) memiliki jumlah larva terendah rata-rata 4,33 larva dengan persentasi telur yang terparasit 92,23%. Stem borer is the most important pest in sugarcane. This study aimed to determine the effect of Corcyra cephalonica eggs which were parasited by Trichogramma sp. On striped cane stem borer (Chilo sacchariphagus). As well as to determine the number of eggs of Corcyra cephalonica parasited by Trichogramma sp. The research was conducted at PT. PG Rajawali II Unit Center for Agro (Agronomy research centers) Sumber Jatitujuh Village Majalengka ,from April to June 2015. The result showed that in parasitism of striped cane stem borer (Chilo saccaripagus) treatment of 5 “pias” (750 eggs of Trichogamma sp.) had the lowest number of larvae on average 4,33 larvae with parasited eggs percentage of 92,23%.
Tratamento de Carcinomatose Meníngea por Quimioterapia Intratecal Através de Catéter Reservatório de Ommaya: Experiência de um Centro Neurocirúrgico
Authors: Lavrador José Pedro , Simas Nuno , Oliveira Edson , Carvalho Manuel Herculano 
Published: September 2016

Introdução: A carcinomatose meníngea consiste na infiltração de células tumorais ao longo das leptomeninges e espaço subaracnoideu, encontrando-se associada a uma sobrevida média de 2 - 5 meses. As indicações sobre a modalidade mais adequada de tratamento permanecem tema de discussão, sendo fundamental um correto conhecimento da história natural da doença e da dualidade risco-benefício para uma decisão terapêutica interdisciplinar.Material e Métodos: Análise retrospectiva dos doentes com diagnóstico de carcinomatose meníngea com origem em tumores sólidos submetidos a colocação de catéter reservatório de Ommaya no período entre 2006 a 2014 no Serviço de Neurocirurgia do Hospital Santa Maria.Resultados: Foram operados 23 doentes com carcinomatose meníngea (19 mulheres, quatro homens) com idade média de 56,1 ± 2,2 anos. A origem do tumor primário foi: mama – 16 doentes, pulmão – quatro doentes, estômago, bexiga e colo do útero – um doente cada. Não se verificaram complicações tais como infecção, hematomas intracranianos ou fístula de líquor. A sobrevida média dos 21 doentes falecidos à data foi de 26,4 ± 7,7 semanas (mínimo nove dias, máximo 118 semanas). A análise estatística não ajustada revelou que o sexo masculino esteve associado a pior prognóstico (p value = 0,0032), enquanto a análise ajustada mostrou que a origem na mama esteve associada a melhor prognóstico (p value = 0,036) quando comparada com as outras etiologias (HR: 4,36 ± 3,06; 95% IC: 1,10 - 17,25). Um maior tempo de evolução de doença primária até ao diagnóstico esteve associado a melhor prognóstico, apesar de não ter atingido significado estatístico.Discussão: Apesar da colocação de catéter reservatório de Ommaya ser um procedimento com baixo risco de complicações, a resposta à quimioterapia intratecal é limitada e o prognóstico da doença poderá não justificar um procedimento cirúrgico num doente com mau estado funcional. A relação da sobrevida global com a origem do tumor primário sugere que o prognóstico da carcinomatose meníngea deve ser considerado no contexto da doença sistémica e não como uma doença isolada. O pior prognóstico do sexo masculino pode justificar-se pela menor incidência do tumor da mama neste género.Conclusão: A carcinomatose meníngea está associada a um mau prognóstico. Origem primária na mama, maior tempo de evolução de doença primária e idade < 60 anos estiveram associados a sobrevida mais longa.
Using Lagging and Leading Indicators and the Importance of Benchmarking Contractor Performance
Authors: Bibby David 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Statistics show what gets measured gets done. Measuring and benchmarking contractor performance is a key driver of continual health and safety efforts in the oil and gas industry. Our research, drawn from 15 years of global experience with 450+ Clients and 60,000+ contractors, highlights the key leading and lagging performance indicators used in the oil and gas industry and introduces leading edge methods to identify vital Key Performance Indicators.
Monitoring and benchmarking tools such as collection and tracking of contractor work hours, incident rates, action items, evaluations and written health and safety procedures are all crucial to effective ongoing management of contractor performance. In addition, having a system for contractors to be able to identify potential safety system gaps that may need their attention, can further drive improvements.
Our paper demonstrates some basic data trending and analysis methods plus leading edge methods, including regression and correlation statistical analysis approaches being used in the industry to identify factors that are positively or negatively associated with increased or decreased health and safety performance. Such methods are useful in identifying vital Key Performance Indicators (KPI's) to measure and monitor. Real world analytical examples will be presented and discussed.
Using data driven hiring decisions is a vital part of any prevention plan. Through use of a system for managing and evaluating contractor safety data, Clients have seen significant improvement in their contractors' performance. Case studies of clients who have seen improvement of more than 90% for their contractors' incident rates will be discussed.
New Diblock Copolymers as Fluid Loss Additive for High Temperature Cementing
Authors: Cadix A. , Wilson J. , Phan Ch. , Villafane L. , Gomez J.-R. , Bzducha W. , Feuillette A. , Poix-Davaine C. , Thant K. , Nelson T. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Oil well cementing uses a variety of organic additives such as dispersing agents, retarders or fluid loss control additives. The latter, which prevent water from filtering into the formation during cement placement, are generally polymer based and a widely used category of fluid loss control additives are high molecular weight sulfonated copolymers, generally comprising AMPS. The mechanism of action of these polymers has been studied recently and it was demonstrated that adsorption onto the cement surface is key to the achieve product performance. Unfortunately this adsorption yield is limited at elevated temperature. Desorption or limited adsorption is generally observed as temperature increases and as a consequence fluid loss control performance becomes worse. In order to overcome that loss, formulators typically increase loading to regain acceptable performance.
Due to the high molecular weight nature of these AMPS copolymers, the subsequent drawback of increased loading is also an increase in cement slurry viscosity. In addition, as higher density slurries are typically used when downhole temperature increases, the problem is exacerbated and these limitations highlight the need for alternative technologies.
In this study we investigated the use of block copolymers comprising first a strong adsorbing block, then a long second hydrophilic block providing filtration control. This technology has already demonstrated to be very effective in preventing performance losses in presence of competitive formulation additives such as dispersant or retarders (see SPE173758). In addition, in this work, the behavior of such fluid loss additive versus temperature is investigated. Thanks to a systematic methodology evaluating HP/HT filtration cell filtrates, it is possible to quantify fluid loss polymer adsorption. This methodology applies even in the case of complex formulations comprising retarders.
This work focuses on the analysis of the adsorption of diblock copolymers on cement particles versus conditioning temperature and the correlation with actual fluid loss control performance.
Block copolymer fluid loss control performance is demonstrated to be insensitive to temperature from room temperature up to 400°F. In addition, this performance is demonstrated to be directly linked to the adsorption level on cement surface. This adsorption and fluid loss performance has been demonstrated to be robust with respect to the formulation ingredients such as retarders needed to ensure acceptable thickening time for high temperature application.
Diblock copolymers demonstrated outstanding fluid loss control at low doses at elevated temperature with a very minor impact on slurry rheology. Indeed, diblock copolymers with relatively low molecular weight are able to deliver fluid loss performance.
How Many Back Up Prepared For Asphaltene Onset Pressure Measurement Using Costly Collected Single Phase Bottomhole Fluid Samples?
Authors: Yonebayashi Hideharu , Miyagawa Yoshihiro , Ikarashi Masayuki , Watanabe Takumi , Maeda Haruo , Yazawa Nintoku 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
For more accurate understandings of asphaltene flow assurance, nobody doubts the importance of asphaltene onset pressure (AOP) as direct information from live oil. For this purpose, a single phased bottomhole sample (BHS) has been taken as a standard process of the asphaltene flow assurance study even though expensive. This fluid sample is storing the closest information to the most representative in-situ asphaltene condition. Because of costly collected fluid sample, its handling and the examination using such a sample are carefully carried out to avoid unfavorable results and/or waste of sampling cost. However, unexpected experimental difficulties sometimes cause to result failure of AOP detection. In our AOP measuring experience, the latest method: laser light scattering technique (LST) has been applied because of its convenient and no time-consuming procedure. Our measuring equipment consists of the solid detection system (SDS) using LST as main function to judge AOP by power of light transmitted (PLT). In addition to the SDS, the apparatus consists of other measuring functions simultaneously: namely high pressure microscope (HPM) to observe asphaltene particle count and size visually, densitometer and viscometer to investigate the fluid kinetics. In this paper, these measuring functions were demonstrated as quite useful back up options to judge AOP when the SDS PLT results could not decide AOP solely. This demonstration can contribute maximizing data acquisition and use of the costly sample as much as possible. Furthermore, the paper describes that the AOP interpretation based on each kind of measured data would be aligned in order related to asphaltene particle growing condition because detection limits in each measurement were reflected into the AOP interpretation. In summary, the comprehensive interpretation can achieve AOP quality higher, and different measuring types of data basis interpretation would be possibly used as support data in each.
Impact of Improved Neutron-Gamma Density Measurement while Drilling in Formation Evaluation - A Case Study
Authors: Mahiout Said , Belowi Ali , Alqunais Ali , Mohamed Jad Kareem 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Measurements from pulsed neutron devices have been available via wireline conveyance for more than three decades. Based on recent technology developments, their use has now been expanded to the logging while drilling (LWD) environments. Pulsed neutron generators (PNGs) are electronic devices that produce high energy neutrons without the use of traditional chemical sources. Measurements available for the first time from a commercial PNG-based LWD service include neutron-gamma density (NGD) for bulk density and density porosity.
Extensive testing for neutron-gamma density was conducted in a diverse range of environments. Therefore, NGD was put under a benchmarking process against traditional gamma-gamma density (GGD). Consequently, comparing results from both density measurements will allow us to assess the quality of NGD measurement and its limitations; and ultimately qualifying it. Factors such as the invasion and presence of gas or light hydrocarbons may influence the GGD-NGD comparison.
Results from various field testing of the NGD measurement while drilling that were recorded in a wide range of environmental conditions and formations indicate that in some cases, they require additional work to accurately characterize the measurement for quantitative analysis. Advantages and limitations of this measurement while drilling (NGD) technique will be highlighted and illustrated in the paper.
Optimizing a Unique New Generation LWD Technology for Petrophysical Evaluation, Well-Placement, Geological Mapping and Completion Design-Carbonate Reservoir Case Study
Authors: Lutfallah Mustafa , Hibler A. Patrick , Mishra Ashish , Babayeju Oludiran , Hassan El-Saied , Al-Buqshi Mustafa , Al Mubarak Mustafa Ahmad 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The task of drilling and completing horizontal development wells in carbonate reservoirs can prove to be quite difficult, especially in the well placement and completion design stages. These stages of well construction can be particularly challenging when the reservoir is characterized by natural fracture systems which can result in drilling fluid losses, or when drilling with narrow TVD targets. The utilization of high resolution borehole images to optimize petrophysical evaluation, well placement, and completion design becomes a necessity for reservoir evaluation team. This paper will present a case study of how this new LWD technology optimized well placement, and completion design.
During the pre-job planning stage, numerous scenarios are considered to assist in determining which "bundle" of logging technology is best suited to achieve the objectives of drilling the well. Optimizing logging design specifications required to meet the objectives may not be a simple job. For instance, placing the lateral near the roof of the reservoir while getting resistivity measurements that are least affected by overlying beds would seem to be irreconcilable. Similarly, acquiring high quality resolution image data in the event of borehole deterioration associated with total drilling fluid losses is a difficult task to achieve.
In this case study, the technology is shown to successfully "geo-steer" within a single thin layer of the reservoir and achieved a 100% net-to-gross while simultaneously placing the wellbore near the roof. The real-time high resolution image was of sufficient quality used to identify sub-seismic faults, natural conductive fractures, karst dissolution features, healed fractures and drilling induced fractures as the well was being drilled.
Once the well was drilled to the planned total depth, the high resolution image data could be used for the completion design, thereby saving the time, expense, and risk of an additional logging run using pipe-conveyed wireline logging tools. In addition to the completion design, high confidence dip data were used to update the geological models, fracture porosity and aperture were computed from the images and the shallow focused resistivity measurements were used for more accurate saturation calculations.