bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An approach to the research on ion and water properties in the interphase between the plasma membrane and bulk extracellular solution
Authors: Hibino Hiroshi , Takai Madoka , Noguchi Hidenori , Sawamura Seishiro , Takahashi Yasufumi , Sakai Hideki , Shiku Hitoshi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn vivo, cells are immersed in an extracellular solution that contains a variety of bioactive substances including ions and water. Classical electrophysiological analyses of epithelial cells in the stomach and small intestine have revealed that within a distance of several hundred micrometers above their apical plasma membrane, lies an extracellular layer that shows ion concentration gradients undetectable in the bulk phase. This “unstirred layer”, which contains stagnant solutes, may also exist between the bulk extracellular solution and membranes of other cells in an organism and may show different properties. On the other hand, an earlier study using a bacterial planar membrane indicated that H+ released from a transporter migrates in the horizontal direction along the membrane surface much faster than it diffuses vertically toward the extracellular space. This result implies that between the membrane surface and unstirred layer, there is a “nanointerface” that has unique ionic dynamics. Advanced technologies have revealed that the nanointerface on artificial membranes possibly harbors a highly ordered assembly of water molecules. In general, hydrogen bonds are involved in formation of the ordered water structure and can mediate rapid transfer of H+ between neighboring molecules. This description may match the phenomenon on the bacterial membrane. A recent study has suggested that water molecules in the nanointerface regulate the gating of K+ channels. Here, the region comprising the unstirred layer and nanointerface is defined as the interphase between the plasma membrane and bulk extracellular solution (iMES). This article briefly describes the physicochemical properties of ions and water in the iMES and their physiological significance. We also describe the methodologies that are currently used or will be applicable to the interphase research.
Construction of precise support vector machine based models for predicting promoter strength
Authors: Meng Hailin , Ma Yingfei , Mai Guoqin , Wang Yong , Liu Chenli 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThe prediction of the prokaryotic promoter strength based on its sequence is of great importance not only in the fundamental research of life sciences but also in the applied aspect of synthetic biology. Much advance has been made to build quantitative models for strength prediction, especially the introduction of machine learning methods such as artificial neural network (ANN) has significantly improve the prediction accuracy. As one of the most important machine learning methods, support vector machine (SVM) is more powerful to learn knowledge from small sample dataset and thus supposed to work in this problem.MethodsTo confirm this, we constructed SVM based models to quantitatively predict the promoter strength. A library of 100 promoter sequences and strength values was randomly divided into two datasets, including a training set (≥10 sequences) for model training and a test set (≥10 sequences) for model test.ResultsThe results indicate that the prediction performance increases with an increase of the size of training set, and the best performance was achieved at the size of 90 sequences. After optimization of the model parameters, a high‐performance model was finally trained, with a high squared correlation coefficient for fitting the training set (R2>0.99) and the test set (R2>0.98), both of which are better than that of ANN obtained by our previous work.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate the SVM‐based models can be employed for the quantitative prediction of promoter strength.
Socioeconomic background and high school completion: Mediation by health and moderation by national context
Authors: Sznitman Sharon R. , Reisel Liza , Khurana Atika 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTThis study uses longitudinal data from the Norwegian Health Study linked with registry data (n = 13262) and the U.S. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (n = 3604) to examine (1) whether adolescent health mediates the well‐established relationship between socioeconomic background and successful high school completion, and (2) whether this mediated pathway of influence varies by national context. Adolescents from lower educated and lower income families reported poorer health, which negatively impacted their likelihood of graduating from high school. The partial mediational effect of adolescent health was stronger in the U.S. than in Norway. These results suggest that policies aimed at preventing high school dropout need to address adolescent health, in addition to the unequal opportunities derived from socioeconomic disadvantage.
Asystole in focal epilepsy complicating a traumatic subdural hematoma
Authors: Lau Yuk‐Ming , Lo Chi‐Hung , Lee Kathy Lai‐Fun , Lau Chu‐Pak 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIctal asystole due to sinus node suppression is a cause of sudden unexplained death in epilepsy. Here, for the first time, we describe a complete atrioventricular nodal block in a patient with non‐compressive traumatic subdural hematoma, who developed ictal asystole as a delayed presentation. A leadless VVI pacemaker (ventricular paced, ventricular sensed, and pacing inhibited in response to a sensed beat) was implanted as a preventive measure against seizure‐related heart block.
The realism that did not speak its name: E. H. Carr’s diplomatic histories of the twenty years’ crisis
Authors: Smith Keith 
Published: February 2017

AbstractE. H. Carr was one of Europe’s pre-eminent thinkers in the field of international affairs. Yet his contribution to International Relations theory is continually questioned. Realists depict Carr as a quintessential realist; revisionists draw from his wider corpus to qualify his contribution. Although not inaccurate, the revisionist literature is incomplete as it neglects a number of Carr’s diplomatic histories. Refocusing on these, especially the manner in which traces of Ranke’s ‘the primacy of foreign affairs’ tradition is evident, this article points to a more conservative and less critical Carr. Utilising an interpretivist framework, this shift in traditions of thought is explained by the dilemmas Carr faced. Although works of history rather than theory, the article contends that Carr’s diplomatic histories remain relevant, particularly with regard to the embedded criticism ofrealpolitikthey contain. This realisation is made evident through a reading of Carr in parallel with the concept of tragedy.
The Arecibo Galaxy Environment Survey–Potential for finding Dark Galaxies and Results so far
Authors: Minchin R. F. , Auld R. , Cortese L. , Davies J. I. , Momjian E. , Taylor R. , Catinella B. , Henning P. , Linder S. , Muller E. , O'Neil K. , Rosenberg J. , Sabatini S. , Schneider S. E. , Stage M. , van Driel W. ,   the AGES team
Published: February 2017

Reproduction errors have occured in figures 1–4 of this paper, published in these proceedings, pages 112–119. The complete corrected paper is reproduced here for clarity.Cambridge University Press apologise to the authors and readers for these errors.
Grit, Basic Needs Satisfaction, and Subjective	Well-Being
Authors: Jin Borae , Kim Joohan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. In this study, we investigated how grit is related to the satisfaction of the basic needs and subjective well-being. Grit means dedication to long-term goals with enthusiasm, which is closely related to success in objective terms. Thus, we expected that grit would be positively related to satisfying the autonomy and competence needs, which would lead to greater subjective well-being (i.e., higher life satisfaction and lower depression). A survey of young adults (N = 455) revealed that grit is strongly related to both the autonomy and competence needs, and these needs mediated the effect of grit on subjective well-being. Grit, did not directly increase life satisfaction but weakly decreased depression. Further, the two basic needs played different roles in enhancing subjective well-being. Autonomy reduced depression, and competence increased life satisfaction.
The General Factor of Personality Is Stronger and More Strongly	Correlated With Cognitive Ability Under Instructed Faking
Authors: MacCann Carolyn , Pearce Nicola , Jiang Yixin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. A General Factor of Personality (GFP) can be derived by extracting one factor from a broad range of personality dimensions. Researchers are divided on whether the GFP represents social desirability or an evolved trait with survival value. The current paper tests a social desirability interpretation of the GFP by comparing one-factor models of the HEXACO under standard versus fake-good instructions (N = 185 undergraduates). Analyses include both principal components analyses (PCA) and a comparison of factorial invariance of a hierarchical one-factor model. Compared to standard instructions, fake-good instructions showed: (a) significantly higher correlations between domain scale scores for 10 of 15 cases; (b) significantly higher component loadings in the PCA; (c) significantly more variance explained by the GFP (in both principal components and invariance analyses); and (d) significantly higher correlations with a cognitive g factor derived from six indicators. Results support a social desirability interpretation of the GFP.
Clinical utility of the Revised International Staging System in unselected patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed multiple myeloma
Authors: Tandon N , Rajkumar S V , LaPlant B , Pettinger A , Lacy M Q , Dispenzieri A , Buadi F K , Gertz M A , Hayman S R , Leung N , Go R S , Dingli D , Kapoor P , Lin Y , Hwa Y L , Fonder A L , Hobbs M A , Zeldenrust S R , Lust J A , Gonsalves W I , Russell S J , Kumar S K 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe analyzed the utility of Revised International staging system (RISS) in an unselected cohort of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM; cohort 1), and relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM; cohort 2) patients. Cohort 1 included 1900 patients seen within 90 days of diagnosis, from 2005 to 2015, while cohort 2 had 887 patients enrolled in 23 clinical trials at Mayo Clinic. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated from the time since diagnosis or trial registration. The median estimated follow up was 5 and 2.3 years for Cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. Among 1067 patients evaluable in Cohort 1, the median OS and PFS was 10 and 2.8 years for RISS stage I, 6 and 2.7 years for RISS stage II and 2.6 and 1.3 years for RISS stage III (P<0.0001). Among 456 patients evaluable in Cohort 2, the median OS and PFS was 4.3 and 1.1 years for RISS stage I, 2 and 0.5 years for RISS stage II and 0.8 and 0.2 years for RISS stage III (P<0.0001). In conclusions, RISS gives a better differentiation of NDMM as well as RRMM patients into three survival subgroups and should be used to stratify patients in future clinical trials.
Learning from data to design functional materials without inversion symmetry
Authors: Balachandran Prasanna V. , Young Joshua , Lookman Turab , Rondinelli James M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAccelerating the search for functional materials is a challenging problem. Here we develop an informatics-guided ab initio approach to accelerate the design and discovery of noncentrosymmetric materials. The workflow integrates group theory, informatics and density-functional theory to uncover design guidelines for predicting noncentrosymmetric compounds, which we apply to layered Ruddlesden-Popper oxides. Group theory identifies how configurations of oxygen octahedral rotation patterns, ordered cation arrangements and their interplay break inversion symmetry, while informatics tools learn from available data to select candidate compositions that fulfil the group-theoretical postulates. Our key outcome is the identification of 242 compositions after screening ∼3,200 that show potential for noncentrosymmetric structures, a 25-fold increase in the projected number of known noncentrosymmetric Ruddlesden-Popper oxides. We validate our predictions for 19 compounds using phonon calculations, among which 17 have noncentrosymmetric ground states including two potential multiferroics. Our approach enables rational design of materials with targeted crystal symmetries and functionalities.
Supermode-density-wave-polariton condensation with a Bose–Einstein condensate in a multimode cavity
Authors: Kollár Alicia J. , Papageorge Alexander T. , Vaidya Varun D. , Guo Yudan , Keeling Jonathan , Lev Benjamin L. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPhase transitions, where observable properties of a many-body system change discontinuously, can occur in both open and closed systems. By placing cold atoms in optical cavities and inducing strong coupling between light and excitations of the atoms, one can experimentally study phase transitions of open quantum systems. Here we observe and study a non-equilibrium phase transition, the condensation of supermode-density-wave polaritons. These polaritons are formed from a superposition of cavity photon eigenmodes (a supermode), coupled to atomic density waves of a quantum gas. As the cavity supports multiple photon spatial modes and because the light–matter coupling can be comparable to the energy splitting of these modes, the composition of the supermode polariton is changed by the light–matter coupling on condensation. By demonstrating the ability to observe and understand density-wave-polariton condensation in the few-mode-degenerate cavity regime, our results show the potential to study similar questions in fully multimode cavities.
CX-5461 is a DNA G-quadruplex stabilizer with selective lethality in BRCA1/2 deficient tumours
Authors: Xu Hong , Di Antonio Marco , McKinney Steven , Mathew Veena , Ho Brandon , O’Neil Nigel J. , Santos Nancy Dos , Silvester Jennifer , Wei Vivien , Garcia Jessica , Kabeer Farhia , Lai Daniel , Soriano Priscilla , Banáth Judit , Chiu Derek S. , Yap Damian , Le Daniel D. , Ye Frank B. , Zhang Anni , Thu Kelsie , Soong John , Lin Shu-chuan , Tsai Angela Hsin Chin , Osako Tomo , Algara Teresa , Saunders Darren N. , Wong Jason , Xian Jian , Bally Marcel B. , Brenton James D. , Brown Grant W. , Shah Sohrab P. , Cescon David , Mak Tak W. , Caldas Carlos , Stirling Peter C. , Hieter Phil , Balasubramanian Shankar , Aparicio Samuel 
Published: February 2017

AbstractG-quadruplex DNAs form four-stranded helical structures and are proposed to play key roles in different cellular processes. Targeting G-quadruplex DNAs for cancer treatment is a very promising prospect. Here, we show that CX-5461 is a G-quadruplex stabilizer, with specific toxicity against BRCA deficiencies in cancer cells and polyclonal patient-derived xenograft models, including tumours resistant to PARP inhibition. Exposure to CX-5461, and its related drug CX-3543, blocks replication forks and induces ssDNA gaps or breaks. The BRCA and NHEJ pathways are required for the repair of CX-5461 and CX-3543-induced DNA damage and failure to do so leads to lethality. These data strengthen the concept of G4 targeting as a therapeutic approach, specifically for targeting HR and NHEJ deficient cancers and other tumours deficient for DNA damage repair. CX-5461 is now in advanced phase I clinical trial for patients with BRCA1/2 deficient tumours (Canadian trial, NCT02719977, opened May 2016).
Local self-uniformity in photonic networks
Authors: Sellers Steven R. , Man Weining , Sahba Shervin , Florescu Marian 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe interaction of a material with light is intimately related to its wavelength-scale structure. Simple connections between structure and optical response empower us with essential intuition to engineer complex optical functionalities. Here we develop local self-uniformity (LSU) as a measure of a random network’s internal structural similarity, ranking networks on a continuous scale from crystalline, through glassy intermediate states, to chaotic configurations. We demonstrate that complete photonic bandgap structures possess substantial LSU and validate LSU’s importance in gap formation through design of amorphous gyroid structures. Amorphous gyroid samples are fabricated via three-dimensional ceramic printing and the bandgaps experimentally verified. We explore also the wing-scale structuring in the butterfly Pseudolycaena marsyas and show that it possesses substantial amorphous gyroid character, demonstrating the subtle order achieved by evolutionary optimization and the possibility of an amorphous gyroid’s self-assembly.
MVP-mediated exosomal sorting of miR-193a promotes colon cancer progression
Authors: Teng Yun , Ren Yi , Hu Xin , Mu Jingyao , Samykutty Abhilash , Zhuang Xiaoying , Deng Zhongbin , Kumar Anil , Zhang Lifeng , Merchant Michael L. , Yan Jun , Miller Donald M. , Zhang Huang-Ge 
Published: February 2017

AbstractExosomes are emerging mediators of intercellular communication; whether the release of exosomes has an effect on the exosome donor cells in addition to the recipient cells has not been investigated to any extent. Here, we examine different exosomal miRNA expression profiles in primary mouse colon tumour, liver metastasis of colon cancer and naive colon tissues. In more advanced disease, higher levels of tumour suppressor miRNAs are encapsulated in the exosomes. miR-193a interacts with major vault protein (MVP). Knockout of MVP leads to miR-193a accumulation in the exosomal donor cells instead of exosomes, inhibiting tumour progression. Furthermore, miR-193a causes cell cycle G1 arrest and cell proliferation repression through targeting of Caprin1, which upregulates Ccnd2 and c-Myc. Human colon cancer patients with more advanced disease show higher levels of circulating exosomal miR-193a. In summary, our data demonstrate that MVP-mediated selective sorting of tumour suppressor miRNA into exosomes promotes tumour progression.
Wafer-scale two-dimensional semiconductors from printed oxide skin of liquid metals
Authors: Carey Benjamin J. , Ou Jian Zhen , Clark Rhiannon M. , Berean Kyle J. , Zavabeti Ali , Chesman Anthony S. R. , Russo Salvy P. , Lau Desmond W. M. , Xu Zai-Quan , Bao Qiaoliang , Kavehei Omid , Gibson Brant C. , Dickey Michael D. , Kaner Richard B. , Daeneke Torben , Kalantar-Zadeh Kourosh 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA variety of deposition methods for two-dimensional crystals have been demonstrated; however, their wafer-scale deposition remains a challenge. Here we introduce a technique for depositing and patterning of wafer-scale two-dimensional metal chalcogenide compounds by transforming the native interfacial metal oxide layer of low melting point metal precursors (group III and IV) in liquid form. In an oxygen-containing atmosphere, these metals establish an atomically thin oxide layer in a self-limiting reaction. The layer increases the wettability of the liquid metal placed on oxygen-terminated substrates, leaving the thin oxide layer behind. In the case of liquid gallium, the oxide skin attaches exclusively to a substrate and is then sulfurized via a relatively low temperature process. By controlling the surface chemistry of the substrate, we produce large area two-dimensional semiconducting GaS of unit cell thickness (∼1.5 nm). The presented deposition and patterning method offers great commercial potential for wafer-scale processes.
Proteolysis regulates cardiomyocyte maturation and tissue integration
Authors: Fukuda Ryuichi , Gunawan Felix , Beisaw Arica , Jimenez-Amilburu Vanesa , Maischein Hans-Martin , Kostin Sawa , Kawakami Koichi , Stainier Didier Y. R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTissue integrity is critical for organ formation and function. During heart development, cardiomyocytes differentiate and integrate to form a coherent tissue that contracts synchronously. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating cardiac tissue integrity are poorly understood. Here we show that proteolysis, via the E3 ubiquitin ligase ASB2, regulates cardiomyocyte maturation and tissue integrity. Cardiomyocytes in asb2b zebrafish mutants fail to terminally differentiate, resulting in reduced cardiac contractility and output. Mosaic analyses reveal a cell-autonomous requirement for Asb2b in cardiomyocytes for their integration as asb2b mutant cardiomyocytes are unable to meld into wild-type myocardial tissue. In vitro and in vivo data indicate that ASB2 negatively regulates TCF3, a bHLH transcription factor. TCF3 must be degraded for cardiomyocyte maturation, as TCF3 gain-of-function causes a number of phenotypes associated with cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation. Overall, our results show that proteolysis has an important role in cardiomyocyte maturation and the formation of a coherent myocardial tissue.
Ecological and genetic basis of metapopulation persistence of the Glanville fritillary butterfly in fragmented landscapes
Authors: Hanski Ilkka , Schulz Torsti , Wong Swee Chong , Ahola Virpi , Ruokolainen Annukka , Ojanen Sami P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEcologists are challenged to construct models of the biological consequences of habitat loss and fragmentation. Here, we use a metapopulation model to predict the distribution of the Glanville fritillary butterfly during 22 years across a large heterogeneous landscape with 4,415 small dry meadows. The majority (74%) of the 125 networks into which the meadows were clustered are below the extinction threshold for long-term persistence. Among the 33 networks above the threshold, spatial configuration and habitat quality rather than the pooled habitat area predict metapopulation size and persistence, but additionally allelic variation in a SNP in the gene Phosphoglucose isomerase (Pgi) explains 30% of variation in metapopulation size. ThePgigenotypes are associated with dispersal rate and hence with colonizations and extinctions. Associations betweenPgigenotypes, population turnover and metapopulation size reflect eco-evolutionary dynamics, which may be a common feature in species inhabiting patch networks with unstable local dynamics.
Mechanisms driving variability in the ocean forcing of Pine Island Glacier
Authors: Webber Benjamin G. M. , Heywood Karen J. , Stevens David P. , Dutrieux Pierre , Abrahamsen E. Povl , Jenkins Adrian , Jacobs Stanley S. , Ha Ho Kyung , Lee Sang Hoon , Kim Tae Wan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPine Island Glacier (PIG) terminates in a rapidly melting ice shelf, and ocean circulation and temperature are implicated in the retreat and growing contribution to sea level rise of PIG and nearby glaciers. However, the variability of the ocean forcing of PIG has been poorly constrained due to a lack of multi-year observations. Here we show, using a unique record close to the Pine Island Ice Shelf (PIIS), that there is considerable oceanic variability at seasonal and interannual timescales, including a pronounced cold period from October 2011 to May 2013. This variability can be largely explained by two processes: cumulative ocean surface heat fluxes and sea ice formation close to PIIS; and interannual reversals in ocean currents and associated heat transport within Pine Island Bay, driven by a combination of local and remote forcing. Local atmospheric forcing therefore plays an important role in driving oceanic variability close to PIIS.