bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple activities of Arl1 GTPase in the trans-Golgi network
Authors: Yu Chia-Jung , Lee Fang-Jen S. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) and ADP-ribosylation factor-like proteins (Arls) are highly conserved small GTPases that function as main regulators of vesicular trafficking and cytoskeletal reorganization. Arl1, the first identified member of the large Arl family, is an important regulator of Golgi complex structure and function in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. Together with its effectors, Arl1 has been shown to be involved in several cellular processes, including endosomal trans-Golgi network and secretory trafficking, lipid droplet and salivary granule formation, innate immunity and neuronal development, stress tolerance, as well as the response of the unfolded protein. In this Commentary, we provide a comprehensive summary of the Arl1-dependent cellular functions and a detailed characterization of several Arl1 effectors. We propose that involvement of Arl1 in these diverse cellular functions reflects the fact that Arl1 is activated at several late-Golgi sites, corresponding to specific molecular complexes that respond to and integrate multiple signals. We also provide insight into how the GTP-GDP cycle of Arl1 is regulated, and highlight a newly discovered mechanism that controls the sophisticated regulation of Arl1 activity at the Golgi complex.
DOS PERIGOS DA CIDADE AOS RISCOS DO URBANISMO: COMO OS CONCEITOS DE COMPLEXIDADE, RISCO E SISTEMA EM NIKLAS LUHMANN AJUDAM A DISCUTIR O FUTURO DO URBANISMO
Authors: V. Amaro João Julio 
Published: May 2017

O âmago da teoria de Luhmann é a comunicação. Toda comunicação no interior de um sistema opera pela seleção e processamento de apenas uma quantidade limitada de informações disponíveis de fora. Cada sistema trabalha estritamente em seus próprios códigos e sem acordo sobre os modos como outros sistemas percebem seu entorno. Niklas Luhmann desen- volve um programa teórico para exame desta questão. Sua premissa é que o conceito de risco projeta, no presente, aspectos essenciais de nossa descrição do futuro. Risco é concebido como a possibilidade de uma decisão desencadeadora de consequências improváveis, inesperadas e prejudiciais, ser atribuída aos tomadores de decisão. Assentados nessa teoria, discutimos uma abordagem para explorar a complexidade do sistema urbano.
As orações relativas no falar feirense: Uma descrição preliminar
Authors: Da Silva Jéssica Carneiro , Figueiredo Cristina , Araújo Silvana Silva de Farias 
Published: May 2017

Neste trabalho, faz-se uma discussão teórica e uma revisão de literatura sobre as estratégias de relativização, traçando explicações acerca das cinco estratégias existentes: 1. A relativa padrão; 2. A relativa padrão com lembrete; 3. A relativa pied piping; 4. A relativa cortadora; 5. A relativa cortadora com lembrete, descrevendo suas funções sintáticas. Revisitam-se os pressupostos teóricos da Sociolinguística Laboviana, discutindo os principais conceitos, ideias e perspectivas, correlacionando-os com um breve percurso sócio-histórico sobre a cidade de Feira de Santana, situada no semiárido baiano, região também conhecida como a zona da agropecuária. Em linhas gerais, este trabalho reúne discussões sucintas sobre a sócio-história do português brasileiro (PB) – levando em conta aspectos como o forte contato linguístico e a transmissão linguística irregular – e a sócio-história do município baiano de Feira de Santana –, enfatizando suas características comerciais, o fator migratório e sua posição geográfica. Ademais, busca-se elencar uma variação de ordem sintática no português feirense falado, representada por dados reais de fala extraídos do projeto A língua portuguesa do semiárido baiano – Fase 3: amostras da língua falada em Feira de Santana-Ba, sediado no Núcleo de Estudos da Língua Portuguesa (NELP), descrevendo-se os possíveis fatores linguísticos e sociais dessa variação, com a finalidade de difundir os resultados parciais obtidos na pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Linguísticos da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), com a dissertação de mestrado intitulada “As orações relativas no português falado em Feira de Santana”, em andamento.
A VIRADA CULTURAL E A CRISE DOS ESTUDOS LITERÁRIOS
Authors: Torres José Wanderson Lima 
Published: May 2017

Analisa-se a centralidade do conceito de cultura na sociedade pósmoderna e suas conseqüências para os estudos literários. Aponta-se o conflito entre estudos culturais e estudos literários e vindica-se um lócus singular à teoria literária, partindo da hipótese de que a categoria do estético é antes um espaço ambíguo capaz de suscitar contestações aos discursos hegemônicos do que uma manifestação do elitismo cultural.
The datafication of media: Big data and the media industries
Authors: Arsenault Amelia H. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The datafication of media and the application of big data services to that data are facilitating new forms of networked associations between media companies. Moreover, big data represents an emerging global format, theoretically analogous to the global proliferation of television formats; media organizations around the world are using big data in an effort to compete in a globalized media marketplace and to better tailor content to local audiences. The article argues that these two interrelated trends have intensified the merging of Internet networks and communication networks, creating new centres of power – not based on control of content but on control of data. The first section provides theoretical and historical context surrounding the proliferation of big data within media industries. The second section examines how ‘hyperscale’ big data networks are solidifying the relationships between large Internet companies and media companies. The article concludes with an exploration of how big data have emerged as a global format in the media industries.
Dimensions of polity, politics and policy in the Austrian media system: Media coverage of the ‘refugee/asylum seeker crisis’
Authors: Zeitel-Bank Natascha 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This article focuses on the media system in Austria, with particular interest in the portrayal of asylum seekers and refugees in the print news media. The objective is to define conditions, processes, and content issues in order to determine their roles in the coverage of this topic. As a framework for analysis, the model of three political dimensions, polity, politics and policy, is used. For each dimension, key factors are determined. In the analysis of the systemic framework (polity), the legal aspects for mass media, the level of concentration in the Austrian media sector, and the media self-regulation measures are considered to be essential as they form the basis for media plurality and diversity of opinion in a democratic system. Regarding the processes (politics), various main players are identified. These include policy-makers in the parliament and government and their influence on media enterprises, as well as Austrian non-governmental organizations (NGOs) committed to the rights of refugees and asylum seekers. Journalists are seen as important actors, even if their gatekeeper-function seems to have changed due to new technologies. Thus, an individual citizen can now also use social media channels as a tool of direct participation and as an agenda-setting opportunity. Concerning the content issues (policy), the descriptive model of news values is considered essential for mass media coverage. A qualitative analysis of online articles in two daily newspapers, Kronen Zeitung and Der Standard, compares the tonality of the discourse in a range of articles and shows differences of the reporting styles in tabloid and quality media. Furthermore, there will be a comparison of online articles in derstandard.at of different time periods, analysing changes in the Austrian media coverage during and after the ‘welcome culture’ with regard to refugees/asylum seekers.
Curate, curate | curator, curator: Curatorial practice in art education
Authors: Lawton Pamela Harris 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This article discusses the need for formal training in critique, exhibition and curatorial practice for becoming K-12 art teachers and students. Formal curatorial training can better prepare art teachers to educate their students in aesthetics, criticism and art as a form of public discourse. Through an examination of personal experience as artist/educator/curator the author makes a case for teaching curatorial skills to K-12 learners and pre and in-service art educators; suggesting some possibilities for how formal training might take place.
Crystal structure of (E)-1-[1-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)ethylidene]-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazine, C28H20Cl2F2N8O8
Authors: Liu Gang , Hu Yao-Dong , Wang Yi-Han 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
C28H20Cl2F2N8O8, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.045(3) Å, b = 10.907(4) Å, c = 15.351(5) Å, α = 93.416(7)°, β = 95.771(7)°, γ = 95.915(6)°, V = 1495.0(9) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0655, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1940, T = 293 K.
A type-II clathrate with a Li-Ge framework
Authors: Böhme Bodo , Wei Kaya , Bobnar Matej , Prots Yurii , Burkhardt Ulrich , Baitinger Michael , Nolas George S. , Grin Yuri 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Na16Cs8Li
x
Ge136−x
(x≈2.8, space group Fd3̅m) is the first intermetallic type-II clathrate with a lithium-substituted framework. The phase was obtained from the elements in sealed Ta ampoules by annealing at 650°C for 5 days. Samples were investigated by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, solid-state NMR, microstructure and chemical analysis. The substitution of Ge by Li atoms causes a marked shrinking of the lattice parameter. Studies by 7Li NMR confirmed the presence of Li in the clathrate phase and the 23Na and 133Cs NMR spectra consistently showed distinct changes as compared to the ternary Na16Cs8Ge136. The SEDOR technique revealed a distance between Li and Cs atoms in agreement with the result of crystal structure refinement, indicating Li substitution at site 96g. The distinct Knight shift of all NMR signals implies metallic behaviour of the clathrate phase, measurements of the magnetic susceptibility indicate diamagnetic behaviour.
Structural insight into recognition of phosphorylated threonine‐4 of RNA polymerase II C‐terminal domain by Rtt103p
Authors: Jasnovidova Olga , Krejcikova Magdalena , Kubicek Karel , Stefl Richard 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPhosphorylation patterns of the C‐terminal domain (CTD) of largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (called the CTD code) orchestrate the recruitment of RNA processing and transcription factors. Recent studies showed that not only serines and tyrosines but also threonines of the CTD can be phosphorylated with a number of functional consequences, including the interaction with yeast transcription termination factor, Rtt103p. Here, we report the solution structure of the Rtt103p CTD‐interacting domain (CID) bound to Thr4 phosphorylated CTD, a poorly understood letter of the CTD code. The structure reveals a direct recognition of the phospho‐Thr4 mark by Rtt103p CID and extensive interactions involving residues from three repeats of the CTD heptad. Intriguingly, Rtt103p's CID binds equally well Thr4 and Ser2 phosphorylated CTD. A doubly phosphorylated CTD at Ser2 and Thr4 diminishes its binding affinity due to electrostatic repulsion. Our structural data suggest that the recruitment of a CID‐containing CTD‐binding factor may be coded by more than one letter of the CTD code.
A genome editing approach to study cancer stem cells in human tumors
Authors: Cortina Carme , Turon Gemma , Stork Diana , Hernando‐Momblona Xavier , Sevillano Marta , Aguilera Mònica , Tosi Sébastien , Merlos‐Suárez Anna , Stephan‐Otto Attolini Camille , Sancho Elena , Batlle Eduard 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe analysis of stem cell hierarchies in human cancers has been hampered by the impossibility of identifying or tracking tumor cell populations in an intact environment. To overcome this limitation, we devised a strategy based on editing the genomes of patient‐derived tumor organoids using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to integrate reporter cassettes at desired marker genes. As proof of concept, we engineered human colorectal cancer (CRC) organoids that carry EGFP and lineage‐tracing cassettes knocked in the LGR5 locus. Analysis of LGR5‐EGFP+ cells isolated from organoid‐derived xenografts demonstrated that these cells express a gene program similar to that of normal intestinal stem cells and that they propagate the disease to recipient mice very efficiently. Lineage‐tracing experiments showed that LGR5+ CRC cells self‐renew and generate progeny over long time periods that undergo differentiation toward mucosecreting‐ and absorptive‐like phenotypes. These genetic experiments confirm that human CRCs adopt a hierarchical organization reminiscent of that of the normal colonic epithelium. The strategy described herein may have broad applications to study cell heterogeneity in human tumors.
The SOS and RpoS Regulons Contribute to Bacterial Cell Robustness to Genotoxic Stress by Synergistically Regulating DNA Polymerase Pol II
Authors: Dapa Tanja , Fleurier Sébastien , Bredeche Marie-Florence , Matic Ivan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMitomycin C (MMC) is a genotoxic agent that induces DNA cross-links, DNA alkylation, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). MMC induces the SOS response and RpoS regulons in Escherichia coli. SOS-encoded functions are required for DNA repair, whereas the RpoS regulon is typically induced by metabolic stresses that slow growth. Thus, induction of the RpoS regulon by MMC may be coincidental, because DNA damage slows growth; alternatively, the RpoS regulon may be an adaptive response contributing to cell survival. In this study, we show that the RpoS regulon is primarily induced by MMC-induced ROS production. We also show that RpoS regulon induction is required for the survival of MMC-treated growing cells. The major contributor to RpoS-dependent resistance to MMC treatment is DNA polymerase Pol II, which is encoded by the polB gene belonging to the SOS regulon. The observation that polB gene expression is controlled by the two major stress response regulons that are required to maximize survival and fitness further emphasizes the key role of this DNA polymerase as an important factor in genome stability.
¿Es posible la reconstrucción de la teoría de la educación de personas adultas integrando las perspectivas humanistas, críticas y postmodernas?
Authors: Sánchez-Domenech Iluminada , Rubia-Avi Mariano 
Published: May 2017

This essay tries to answer the following question: is it possible the integration of apparently excluding or contradictory conceptions in the construction of the theory of adult education (AE)? We assume that there is a need for the professionals in charge of adult education to have a theoretical framework of reference that guides them in their practice, and helps them in the development of their own identity as professionals. However, the contributions of different schools of thought have tended to be contradictory or mutually excluding, hindering the development of the theory. Following the objectives of knowledge of the theory of education, we analyze some key concepts that have centered the discussions on the field of study of the AE over the past four decades. For this analysis, we create a dialectical interaction between the humanistic, critical, and postmoderm educational thoughts through some of their most representative authors and around those concepts. In this way, it is shown how it is possible to reconsider the AE from an integrative perspective, although with conceptual and ideological nuances that, far from being an obstacle, enrich the theory and reflect the diversity of the same social agents.
CO2-lézerrel végzett mélysclerectomiával szerzett tapasztalatok
Authors: Sohajda Zoltán , Káldi Ildikó , Kiss Magdolna , Facskó Andrea 
Published: May 2017

Abstract: Introduction: CO2 laser- assisted sclerectomy surgery (CLASS) can be used for the surgical treatment of open-angle glaucoma. Aim: To introduce our results with CLASS. Method: We performed 21 CLASS operations using OT-134-IOPtiMate (IOPtima Ltd, Ramat-Gan, Israel). Patients were examined on the 1st day, and in the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th months postoperatively. We evaluated intraocular pressure (IOP), antiglaucomatous medication-use, visual acuity, complications. Results: Mean age was 65.6 yrs. Complete success (no hypotensive medication required to target IOP) was achieved in 61.1% (18 patients) at 6 months, whereas in 50% (10 patients) at 12 months. Qualified success (hypotensive medication required to target IOP) was achieved in 72.2% and in 70%, preoperative mean IOP was 29.2 ± 9.4 Hgmm, which falled to 17.7 ± 4.9 Hgmm and 17.3 ± 4.3 Hgmm, respectively. Antiglaucomatous medication use falled significantly from 2.90 ± 0.83 to 2.05 ± 1.46. Apart from 1 macroperforation, no serious complication occurred. Conclusions: With CLASS it is possible to effectively lower intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(18): 701–705.
A medialis ventrolateralis praefrontalis (orbitofrontalis) kéreg glükózmonitorozó idegsejtjei szerepet játszanak a homeosztázis fenntartásában
Authors: Szabó István , Hormay Edina , Csetényi Bettina , Nagy Bernadett , Karádi Zoltán 
Published: May 2017

Abstract: Introduction: The medial orbitofrontal cortex is involved in the regulation of feeding and metabolism. Little is known, however, about the role of local glucose-monitoring neurons in these processes, and our knowledge is also poor about characteristics of these cells. Aim: The functional significance of these chemosensory neurons was to be elucidated. Method: Electrophysiology, by the multibarreled microelectrophoretic technique, and metabolic investigations, after streptozotocin induced selective destruction of the chemosensory neurons, were employed. Results: Fifteen percent of the neurons responded to glucose, and these chemosensory cells displayed differential neurotransmitter and taste sensitivities. In acute glucose tolerance test, at the 30th and 60th minutes, blood glucose level in the streptozotocin-treated rats was significantly higher than that in the controls. The plasma triglyceride concentrations were also higher in the streptozotocin-treated group. Conclusions: Glucose-monitoring neurons of the medial orbitofrontal cortex integrate internal and external environmental signals, and monitor metabolic processes, thus, are indispensable to maintain the healthy homeostasis. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(18): 692–700.
Demograficzne uwarunkowania wydłużania aktywności zawodowej
Authors: Król Małgorzata 
Published: May 2017

The paper focuses on the problem of extending professional activity in the context of the present and future demographic situation. The analysis identifies the demographic conditions for extending professional activity. To do so the author presents a critical analysis of the literature and an analysis of statistical data from GUS and Eurostat, the main statistical offices of Poland and the European Union, respectively. The extension of professional activity is conditioned by the following demographic factors: a low birth rate and natural increase rate, population decrease, longer life expectancy, population ageing and population by age group changing. Present and future changes of these demographic factors are shown based on statistical data. The last part of the paper presents a comparative analysis of the statutory retirement ages, effective retirement ages, duration of retirement and duration of working life.
Systemic Treatment Strategies for Patients with Hereditary Breast Cancer Syndromes
Authors: Parkes Amanda , Arun Banu K. , Litton Jennifer K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHereditary breast cancer syndromes are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer and constitute a unique patient population, making up approximately 5%–10% of breast cancer cases in the United States. By virtue of the germline mutations that define these syndromes, invasive breast cancers in these patients have unique mechanisms that can be rationally targeted for therapeutic opportunities distinct from standard of care treatments in nongermline mutation associated breast cancers. This review intends to describe existing data on several of the most common hereditary breast cancer syndromes, including BRCA-related breast cancer syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome, specifically focusing on rational therapeutics utilized in these distinct patient subgroups and completed or ongoing clinical trials evaluating their efficacy. By exploiting the distinct biologic features associated with these syndromes, tailored treatment strategies have the potential for improved efficacy and lower toxicity. Knowledge of the emergence of these targeted cancer therapies is critical for appropriate management in these patients, extending beyond treatment to highlight the need for appropriate genetic screening to allow for early recognition of these patients and therefore appropriate treatment.
Post-Commencement Finance - Domiciled Resident or Uneasy Foreign Transplant?
Authors: Stoop Helena , Hutchison Andrew 
Published: May 2017

The 2008 Companies Act introduced a new business rescue regime into South African Company law, bringing it into line with trends in developed countries, particularly the United States. Indeed, it appears that the United States Chapter 11 model was followed in this process, introducing the business rescue concept as a legal transplant. Corporate law is well suited to legislative borrowing, but there are important caveats to bear in mind when doing so. In particular: the context and legal culture of the origin country may differ from those of the destination country. South Africa’s commercial environment is different from that of the United States, problematizing a transplant of Chapter 11’s concepts. Post-commencement finance will be used as a micro-study of this broader phenomenon, and this topic will be investigated with comparative reference to the United States position. It will be argued that an essential difference between the two procedures is the lack of legislatively mandated court oversight in South Africa. This impacts on the interests of creditors, as well as the availability of fresh finance. The result is problems in the implementation of the post-commencement finance provisions, which threaten the viability of this particular legal transplant.