bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antineoplastic Drugs: Occupational Exposure and Side Effects
Authors: Ivanova Kristīne , Avota Marija 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Due to their adverse effects, antineoplastic drugs (cancer chemotherapy drugs) are considered as a potential health risk for nurses and nursing assistants. The aim of this study was to review and summarise information about acute side effects of antineoplastic drugs in two major cancer centres in Latvia. In total 51 nurses and nursing assistants participated in the study, all working in chemotherapy ward at least for 12 months. The research was conducted in Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital and Rīga East University Hospital, Oncology Centre of Latvia. 56.86% of respondents reported at least one side effect since working in the department of chemotherapy (DC). Headache was the most common acute side effect (37.25%), followed by irritation of eyes (25.49%) and irritation of skin (19. 60%). Headache (p = 0.021), dizziness (p = 0.018), irritation of mouth and throat (p = 0.043), and irritation of eyes (p = 0.004) had statistically significant positive association with years of working in DC, suggesting that those working for longer time in DC are more likely to have headache, dizziness, irritation of mouth, throat and eyes.
Descortesía y humor fallido en conversaciones entre hombres y mujeres
Authors: Alvarado Ortega M. Belén 
Published: December 2016

Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar enunciados conversacionales con humor fallido producido en conversaciones entre mujeres, entre hombres, y entre hombres y mujeres para comprobar si utilizan las mismas estrategias conversacionales cuando se trata de evitar la descortesía. El humor fallido se produce cuando los interlocutores, si bien reconocen la presencia de un enunciado humorístico, no lo continúan para así evitar ataques hacia la imagen de algunos de los participantes.
Para llevar a cabo nuestro objetivo, nos basaremos en la Teoría General del Humor Verbal (TGHV) propuesta por Attardo y Raskin (1991. Script theory revis(it)ed: Joke similarity and joke representation model. En HUMOR: International Journal of Humor Research (4): pp. 293-347) y, en especial, Attardo (2001a. Humorous Texts: A Semantic and Pragmatic Analysis. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter), en la Teoría de la Cortesía que proponen Brown y Levinson (1978 [1987]. Politeness: Some universals in language usage. New Cork: Cambridge University Press), en tanto que analizaremos ejemplos extraídos del Corpus de conversaciones coloquiales de Briz y grupo Val.Es.Co. (2002. Corpus de conversaciones coloquiales. Madrid: Arco Libros) y del corpus de los mismos autores en proceso de digitalización.
Saroyan’s Travel Memories: Contesting National Identities for Armenian-Americans
Authors: Aguilera-Linde Mauricio D. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAmong the stories included inLittle Children(1937), “Around the World with General Grant” proves to be particularly revealing of Saroyan’s double consciousness. By juxtaposing the master narrative of President Ulysses S. Grant’s global tour and thepetit récitof the family’s exile, the narrator composes a liminal narrative that pits the assimilationist thrust of the national pedagogy (epitomized by the travelog’s imperial vision) against the child’s performative ability to fracture the homogeneous time of the host nation through his allusions to his father’s exodus. The result is a serious erosion of the metaphor of two worlds of American exceptionalism. In addition to Bhabha’s concept of cultural liminality, this article also explores the role of cultural memory and communicative memory in the travel binaries that constantly merge and collide with each other throughout the story.
Organization of the Claustrum-to-Entorhinal Cortical Connection in Mice
Authors: Kitanishi Takuma , Matsuo Naoki 
Published: December 2016

The claustrum, a subcortical structure situated between the insular cortex and striatum, is reciprocally connected with almost all neocortical regions. Based on this connectivity, the claustrum has been postulated to integrate multisensory information and, in turn, coordinate widespread cortical activity. Although studies have identified how sensory information is mapped onto the claustrum, the function of individual topographically arranged claustro–cortical pathways has been little explored. Here, we investigated the organization and function of identified claustro–cortical pathways in mice using multiple anatomical and optogenetic techniques. Retrograde and anterograde tracing demonstrated that the density of anterior claustrum-to-cortical projection differs substantially depending on the target cortical areas. One of the major targets was the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) and the MEC-projecting claustral neurons were largely segregated from the neurons projecting to primary cortices M1, S1, or V1. Exposure to a novel environment induced c-Fos expression in a substantial number of MEC-projecting claustral neurons and some M1/S1/V1-projecting claustral neurons. Optogenetic silencing of the MEC-projecting claustral neurons during contextual fear conditioning impaired later memory retrieval without affecting basal locomotor activity or anxiety-related behavior. These results suggest that the dense, anterior claustro–MEC pathway that is largely separated from other claustro–cortical pathways is activated by novel context and modulates the MEC function in contextual memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe claustrum is a poorly understood subcortical structure reciprocally connected with widespread neocortical regions. We investigated the organization and function of identified claustro–cortical projections in mice using pathway-specific approaches. Anatomical tracing showed that the density of anterior claustrum-to-cortical projection is dependent on the target cortical areas and that the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is one of the major projection targets. Novel context exposure activated multiple claustro–cortical pathways and a large fraction of the activated neurons projected to the MEC. Optogenetic silencing of the claustro–MEC pathway during contextual fear learning suppressed subsequent memory retrieval. These results suggest that the dense claustro–MEC pathway is activated by novel context and modulates MEC function in contextual memory.
Phase-Amplitude Coupling and Long-Range Phase Synchronization Reveal Frontotemporal Interactions during Visual Working Memory
Authors: Daume Jonathan , Gruber Thomas , Engel Andreas K. , Friese Uwe 
Published: December 2016

It has been suggested that cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC), particularly in temporal brain structures, serves as a neural mechanism for coordinated working memory storage. In this magnetoencephalography study, we show that during visual working memory maintenance, temporal cortex regions, which exhibit enhanced PAC, interact with prefrontal cortex via enhanced low-frequency phase synchronization. Healthy human participants were engaged in a visual delayed match-to-sample task with pictures of natural objects. During the delay period, we observed increased spectral power of beta (20–28 Hz) and gamma (40–94 Hz) bands as well as decreased power of theta/alpha band (7–9 Hz) oscillations in visual sensory areas. Enhanced PAC between the phases of theta/alpha and the amplitudes of beta oscillations was found in the left inferior temporal cortex (IT), an area known to be involved in visual object memory. Furthermore, the IT was functionally connected to the prefrontal cortex by increased low-frequency phase synchronization within the theta/alpha band. Together, these results point to a mechanism in which the combination of PAC and long-range phase synchronization subserves enhanced large-scale brain communication. They suggest that distant brain regions might coordinate their activity in the low-frequency range to engage local stimulus-related processing in higher frequencies via the combination of long-range, within-frequency phase synchronization and local cross-frequency PAC.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWorking memory maintenance, like other cognitive functions, requires the coordinated engagement of brain areas in local and large-scale networks. However, the mechanisms by which spatially distributed brain regions share and combine information remain primarily unknown. We show that the combination of long-range, low-frequency phase synchronization and local cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling might serve as a mechanism to coordinate memory processes across distant brain areas. In this study, low-frequency phase synchronization between prefrontal and temporal cortex co-occurred with local cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling to higher frequencies in the latter. By such means, ongoing working memory storage taking place in higher frequencies in temporal regions might be effectively coordinated by distant frontal brain regions through synchronized activity in the low-frequency range.
The Effect of an Extreme and Prolonged Population Bottleneck on Patterns of Deleterious Variation: Insights from the Greenlandic Inuit
Authors: Pedersen Casper-Emil T , Lohmueller Kirk E , Grarup Niels , Bjerregaard Peter , Hansen Torben , Siegismund Hans R , Moltke Ida , Albrechtsen Anders 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe genetic consequences of population bottlenecks on patterns of deleterious genetic variation in human populations are of tremendous interest. Based on exome sequencing of 18 Greenlandic Inuit we show that the Inuit have undergone a severe ∼20,000-year-long bottleneck. This has led to a markedly more extreme distribution of allele frequencies than seen for any other human population tested to date, making the Inuit the perfect population for investigating the effect of a bottleneck on patterns of deleterious variation. When comparing proxies for genetic load that assume an additive effect of deleterious alleles, the Inuit show, at most, a slight increase in load compared to European, East Asian, and African populations. Specifically, we observe &lt;4% increase in the number of derived deleterious alleles in the Inuit. In contrast, proxies for genetic load under a recessive model suggest that the Inuit have a significantly higher load (20% increase or more) compared to other less bottlenecked human populations. Forward simulations under realistic models of demography support our empirical findings, showing up to a 6% increase in the genetic load for the Inuit population across all models of dominance. Further, the Inuit population carries fewer deleterious variants than other human populations, but those that are present tend to be at higher frequency than in other populations. Overall, our results show how recent demographic history has affected patterns of deleterious variants in human populations.
300 de Rafael Cuevas Molina: caleidoscopio de la violencia y la memoria
Authors: Barboza Leitón Ivannia 
Published: December 2016

La producción literaria de Centroamérica de finales del siglo pasado de inicios del presente, tiene como excusa, pretexto o referente a la memoria desde una valiosa producción cultural que la ha integrado, no solo a los lugares comunes, sino que la ha colocado como herramienta para reconstruir y entender el pasado. 300, de Rafael Cuevas Molina, apuesta por la fragmentación producto de la violencia, mirando desde un caleidoscopio hechos que marcaron a Guatemala con un conflicto armado interno por casi 36 años. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en vislumbrar los grupos sociales retratados en la obra; reconociéndo los, se entiende que sus voces integran un ejercicio de memoria y de recuperación de un violento pasado histórico. La novela está construida de forma tal que integra ficcionalmente el Diario Militar o Dossier de la Muerte y lo hace desde una estrategia de la memoria que permite conjuntar actores sociales diversos en el panorama inscrito desde la violencia de Estado. En la obra se manifiesta la intertextualidad y la heteroglosia para crear un complejo universo que el lector debe dilucidar y con lo que, consecuentemente, develará cómo se ha inmiscuido el terror, la violencia, el silencio y el olvido en las subjetividades retratadas.
Infant Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Testing, Swallowing Interventions, and Future Acute Respiratory Illness
Authors: Coon Eric R. , Srivastava Rajendu , Stoddard Gregory J. , Reilly Sheena , Maloney Christopher G. , Bratton Susan L. 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVES:
Tube feedings are commonly prescribed to infants with swallowing abnormalities detected by videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS), but there are no studies demonstrating efficacy of these interventions to reduce risk of acute respiratory illness (ARI). We sought to measure the association between swallowing interventions and future ARI, among VFSS-tested infants.

METHODS:
Retrospective cohort of all infants (&lt;12 months) tested with VFSS at a children’s hospital between January 1, 2010, and January 1, 2012. Hospital ARI encounters (emergency, observation, or inpatient status) in a 22-hospital integrated health care delivery system, between the first VFSS and age 3 years, were measured. VFSS results were grouped by normal, intermediate, and oropharyngeal aspiration (OPA), with OPA further subdivided by silent versus cough and thin versus thick liquid OPA. Cox regression modeled the association between swallowing interventions (thickened or nasal tube feedings) and ARI, accounting for changes in swallowing and interventions over time.

RESULTS:
576 infants were tested with a VFSS in their first year of life, receiving a total of 1051 VFSSs in their first 3 years of life. More than 60% of infants received a measured feeding intervention. With the exception of infants with silent OPA who received thickened feedings, neither thickening nor nasal tube feedings, compared with no intervention, were associated with a decreased risk of subsequent ARI.

CONCLUSIONS:
Swallowing interventions and repeated testing are common among VFSS-tested infants. However, the importance of diagnosing and intervening on VFSS-detected swallowing abnormalities for the majority of tested infants remains unclear.
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn in Late Preterm and Term Infants in California
Authors: Steurer Martina A. , Jelliffe-Pawlowski Laura L. , Baer Rebecca J. , Partridge J. Colin , Rogers Elizabeth E. , Keller Roberta L. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:There are limited epidemiologic data on persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). We sought to describe the incidence and 1-year mortality of PPHN by its underlying cause, and to identify risk factors for PPHN in a contemporary population-based dataset.METHODS:The California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development maintains a database linking maternal and infant hospital discharges, readmissions, and birth and death certificates from 1 year before to 1 year after birth. We searched the database (2007–2011) for cases of PPHN (identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes), including infants ≥34 weeks’ gestational age without congenital heart disease. Multivariate Poisson regression was used to identify risk factors associated with PPHN; results are presented as risk ratios, 95% confidence intervals.RESULTS:Incidence of PPHN was 0.18% (3277 cases/1 781 156 live births). Infection was the most common cause (30.0%). One-year mortality was 7.6%; infants with congenital anomalies of the respiratory tract had the highest mortality (32.0%). Risk factors independently associated with PPHN included gestational age &lt;37 weeks, black race, large and small for gestational age, maternal preexisting and gestational diabetes, obesity, and advanced age. Female sex, Hispanic ethnicity, and multiple gestation were protective against PPHN.CONCLUSIONS:This risk factor profile will aid clinicians identifying infants at increased risk for PPHN, as they are at greater risk for rapid clinical deterioration.
Water temperature prediction in a subtropical subalpine lake using soft computing techniques
Authors: Samadianfard Saeed , Kazemi Honeyeh , Kisi Ozgur , Liu Wen-Cheng 
Published: December 2016

Lake water temperature is one of the key parameters in determining the ecological conditions within a lake, as it influences both chemical and biological processes. Therefore, accurate prediction of water temperature is crucially important for lake management. In this paper, the performance of soft computing techniques including gene expression programming (GEP), which is a variant of genetic programming (GP), adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict hourly water temperature at a buoy station in the Yuan-Yang Lake (YYL) in north-central Taiwan at various measured depths was evaluated. To evaluate the performance of the soft computing techniques, three different statistical indicators were used, including the root mean squared error (RMSE), the mean absolute error (MAE), and the coefficient of correlation (R). Results showed that the GEP had the best performances among other studied methods in the prediction of hourly water temperature at 0, 2 and 3 meter depths below water surface, but there was a different trend in the 1 meter depth below water surface. In this depth, the ANN had better accuracy than the GEP and ANFIS. Despite the error (RMSE value) is smaller in ANN than GEP, there is an upper bound in scatter plot of ANN that imposes a constant value, which is not suitable for predictive purposes. As a conclusion, results from the current study demonstrated that GEP provided moderately reasonable trends for the prediction of hourly water temperature in different depths. ResumenLa temperatura del agua es uno de los parámetros básicos para determinar las condiciones ecológicas de un lago, ya que está influenciada por procesos químicos y biológicos. Además, la exactitud en la predicción de la temperatura del agua es esencial para el manejo del lago. En este artículo se evalúa el desempeño de técnicas de soft computing como la Programación de Expresiones de Genes (PEG), que es una variante de la Programación Genética (PG), el Sistema Neuro-fuzzy de Inferencia Adaptativa (Anfis, en inglés) y las Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNA) para predecir la temperatura del agua en diferentes niveles de una estación flotante del lago Yuan-Yang (YYL), en el centro-norte de Taiwán. Se utilizaron tres indicadores estadísticos, el Error Cuadrático Medio (ECM), el Error Absoluto Medio (MAE, en inglés) y el Coeficiente de Correlación (R) para evaluar el desempeño de las técnicas de computación. Los resultados muestran que la PEG es más exacta en la predicción de la temperatura del agua entre 0,2 y 3 metros de profundidad. Sin embargo, se evidencia una tendencia diferente a partir del metro de profundidad. A esta distancia de la superficie, las RNA son más exactas que la PEG y el Anfis. Los resultados de este estudio probaron claramente la usabilidad del PEG y las RNA en la predicción de la temperatura del agua a diferentes profundidades.
Student knowledge and awareness of oral cancer (study at Senior High School 2 Baubau, Southeast of Sulawesi)
Authors: Mardhiana Anna , Harlina Harlina 
Published: December 2016

Oral cancer is a malignancy which came from oral mucosal epithelial and other oral’s part including from saliva glands (majority the minor one) inside the mouth. Oral cancer has a quick spread. A half of oral cancer diagnosed at a late stage with a high level of death. Only half of this malignancy sufferer survive more than five years. However, the survival prognosis will increase 80-90% if the cancer could diagnose in early stage. The objective of this study is to measure qualitatively oral cancer knowledge and awareness among the students at SMAN 2 Baubau. This study is descriptive study by cross-section approach. Oral cancer knowledge and awareness among the students in SMAN 2 Baubau is in a low stage. Students hardly hear the information about the signs of oral cancer and have no idea what must they do if they find someone presented with one of the oral cancer signs. The reason behind unknown action lack of information and socialization about oral cancer.
Influence of Solute Addition in the Microstructure and Hardness of the Al-Si-Cu Alloys
Authors: Medrano-Prieto H. M. , Garay-Reyes C.G. , Gómez-Esparza C.D. , Martínez-Sánchez R. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTCommercial aluminum alloys corresponding to Al-Cu-Si family are commonly used in casting and molding process because their high castability. The main characteristics of these alloys are the excellent weight/strength relation in conjunction with wear and corrosion resistance. Additionally, the mechanical properties of these alloys could be enhanced by heat treatment.In Al A319 alloys, Cu and Mg are the main responsible to increase the mechanical properties after T6 heat treatment due to the precipitation of Al2Cu and Mg2Si and Al2CuMg phase [1]. Combined effects of Ni and Cu improve strength and hardness at relatively elevated temperature [2], Due to the low solubility of Ni in Al (0.04%), it has been reported the formation of FeAl9FeNi-type intermetallic, which is not totally dissolved with the typical solution treatments used in aluminum alloys [3]. Hayajneh et al., found that increasing amounts of intermetallic compounds Al3Ni, Al3(CuNi)2 and Al7Cu4Ni in Al-Cu alloy, the hardness increase [4].The effect of Ni addition and solution treatment time on the microstructure and hardness of the Al A319 alloy are studied by Vickers microhardness (VHN), Rockwell B hardness (HRB), X Ray Diffraction (XRD), Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
PERUMUSAN KETENTUAN PIDANA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN DAERAH (Studi di Kabupaten Purbalingga)
Authors: Fauzan Muhammad , Djumadi Djumadi , Ardhanariswari Riris 
Published: December 2016

Article 143 section (2) Law Number 32 Years 2004 concerning Local Government contending that by law can load six-month coop crime threat at longest or maximun Rp. 50.000.000,00 ( fifty million rupiah). While in section ( 3) the law give authority to local goverment to load the crime in the out off the this regulation. This regulation by itself give authority at local government to specify crime threat or maximal penalty. Even give crime threat besides the crime serve a sentence and penalty. The Result this research that in the reality Rule of Crime in Local Regulation in Purbalingga still not yet applied the mentioned, is even found also not clear of arrangement of rule of crime in Local Regulation Sub-Province of Purbalingga, like: boundary inexistence upper and lower in rule of crime, there is no him clarity of qualifikasi glare at alternative, or cumulative or alternatif-cumulatif, there is no him rule of attempt penalization. What for the reason this research give recommendation for this local regulation. Kata kunci: Local Government, Rule of Crime, Local Regulation
FUNGSI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN SEBAGAI TEMPAT UNTUK MELAKSANAKAN PEMBINAAN DAN PELAYANAN TERPIDANA MATI SEBELUM DIEKSEKUSI
Authors: Budiyono Budiyono 
Published: December 2016

Penitentiary was a place to conduct coaching Educate Prisoners and Child Socialization. There are pro-death penalty views (Retensionist) and cons of death penalty (abolitionist) on the existence of death penalty and execution. This issue is causing problems from the aspect of regulation that is the basis of service provision on death row since capital punishment on all the services there are no specific rules. The problem is the placement and service must be performed by the prisons before the execution on death row, before it is executed on death row man alive who is naturally still have rights that must be protected as a right to physical care and health until the corresponding executable , including also get their rights, as for the rights referred to was referring to the provisions of Article 14 of Act No.12/1995 about Correctional. Kata kunci : Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, Pidana mati, Peraturan khusus