bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concise Review: Cell Therapy for Critical Limb Ischemia: An Integrated Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies
Authors: Qadura Mohammad , Terenzi Daniella C. , Verma Subodh , Al-Omran Mohammed , Hess David A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI), the most severe form of peripheral artery disease, is characterized by pain at rest and non-healing ulcers in the lower extremities. For patients with CLI, where the extent of atherosclerotic artery occlusion is too severe for surgical bypass or percutaneous interventions, limb amputation remains the only treatment option. Thus, cell-based therapy to restore perfusion and promote wound healing in patients with CLI is under intense investigation. Despite promising preclinical studies in animal models, transplantation of bone marrow (BM)-derived cell populations in patients with CLI has shown limited benefit preventing limb amputation. Early trials injected heterogenous mononuclear cells containing a low frequency of cells with pro-vascular regenerative functions. Most trials transferred autologous cells damaged by chronic disease that demonstrated poor survival in the ischemic environment and impaired function conferred by atherosclerotic or diabetic co-morbidities. Finally, recent preclinical studies suggest optimized blood vessel formation may require paracrine and/or structural contributions from multiple progenitor cell lineages, angiocrine-secretory myeloid cells derived from hematopoietic progenitor cells, tubule-forming endothelial cells generated by circulating or vessel-resident endothelial precursors, and vessel-stabilizing perivascular cells derived from mesenchymal stem cells. Understanding how stem cells co-ordinate the myriad of cells and signals required for stable revascularization remains the key to translating the potential of stem cells into curative therapies for CLI. Thus, combination delivery of multiple cell types within supportive bioengineered matricies may represent a new direction to improve cell therapy strategies for CLI.
Estimating the Annual Spawning Run Size and Population Size of the Southern Distinct Population Segment of Green Sturgeon
Authors: Mora Ethan A. , Battleson Ryan D. , Lindley Steven T. , Thomas Michael J. , Bellmer Russ , Zarri Liam J. , Klimley A. Peter 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe Southern Distinct Population Segment of Green Sturgeon Acipenser medirostris spawns in the Sacramento River, California, and is listed as a threatened species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We estimated the spawning run size and population size in 2010–2015 by using dual‐frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) sampling, underwater video camera species identification, and acoustic tag detections. Spawning run size varied from 336 to 1,236 individuals. We estimated the total population size to be 17,548 individuals (95% confidence interval [CI] = 12,614–22,482). The estimated number of adults was 2,106 (95% CI = 1,246–2,966), the estimated number of juveniles was 4,387 (95% CI = 2,595–6,179), and the estimated number of subadults was 11,055 (95% CI = 6,540–15,571). This study provides the first estimate of Sacramento River Green Sturgeon run size and initiates a time series of abundance that can inform Endangered Species Act recovery processes. Furthermore, these absolute abundance estimates provide a context for evaluating the significance of impacts, such as bycatch in coastal fisheries or entrainment in water diversions, where the number of impacted individuals is known.
Spatial Differences in the Distributions of Arctic and Pacific Lampreys in the Eastern Bering Sea
Authors: Siwicke Kevin A. , Seitz Andrew C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe Arctic Lamprey Lethenteron camtschaticum and Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus are ecologically and culturally valuable native species that co‐occur in the eastern Bering Sea. Lamprey wounds are often observed on fishes in this region, yet there is a paucity of information on the distribution of anadromous lampreys, lamprey–host interactions, and foraging behavior in the ocean. Our hypothesis was that each lamprey species would be positively associated (distribution and abundance) with their presumed hosts: Arctic Lampreys with smaller fishes that could easily be killed, and Pacific Lampreys with larger hosts that could sustain blood feeding. To examine lamprey distribution, abundance, and associations, we utilized data from two fishery‐independent surveys—one epipelagic trawl survey and one benthic trawl survey—conducted between 2002 and 2012 in the eastern Bering Sea. Distinct distributions of lamprey species were evident in models of their presence and absence by latitude and longitude. Arctic Lampreys inhabited the northern regions on the inner/middle continental shelf in depths less than 100 m, while Pacific Lampreys inhabited waters deeper than 150 m along the continental slope. Pacific Herring Clupea pallasii and juvenile salmonids were found in regions with relatively high Arctic Lamprey catches in the epipelagic trawl survey, and catches of lampreys and these potential hosts were positively correlated. Demersal groundfishes were found in regions with relatively high Pacific Lamprey abundance in the benthic trawl survey, but catches of Pacific Lampreys and these hosts were not consistent. We conclude that Arctic Lampreys and Pacific Lampreys are segregated in the eastern Bering Sea, and although differences in their distributions may be explained by species‐specific host preferences, alternate explanations include differences in seasonal movements, source river locations, and marine residence times. This study provides an initial baseline of the oceanic ecology of lampreys, which increases our understanding of species‐specific differences beyond traditional freshwater studies.
Prespawn Mortality of Female Chinook Salmon Increases with Water Temperature and Percent Hatchery Origin
Authors: Bowerman Tracy , Roumasset Adrienne , Keefer Matthew L. , Sharpe Cameron S. , Caudill Christopher C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHigh rates of prespawn mortality, when adult salmon die after completing migration but prior to spawning, can lead to population declines and can impede recovery of threatened stocks. In this study, annual prespawn mortality of female Chinook SalmonOncorhynchus tshawytscharanged from 1% to 100% over 14 years in seven study reaches located throughout the upper Willamette River basin, Oregon. Prespawn mortality rates were positively correlated with the annual maximum 7‐d average maximum stream temperature and the percentage of spawning fish of hatchery origin. Observed prespawn mortality rates varied considerably, but annual female prespawn rates were consistently >80% where maximum temperatures exceeded 20°C and the composition of spawning fish was >80% hatchery origin. In several spawning tributaries, prespawn mortality rates generally decreased at higher elevations. The proximate cause of prespawn death was not evaluated here, and observed patterns likely reflected additional factors that influence mortality either directly or indirectly, such as handling, dam passage, fishing pressure, instream habitat, energetic budget, fish density, and pathogen loads.
AMP‐activated protein kinase activation in mediating phenylalanine‐induced neurotoxicity in experimental models of phenylketonuria
Authors: Lu Lihua , Ben Xiaoming , Xiao Lingling , Peng Min , Zhang Yongjun 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPhenylketonuria (PKU), one of the most prevalent autosomal recessive disorders of amino acid metabolism, is characterized by abnormal accumulation of phenylalanine, which can lead to intellectual disability. The main pathologic changes in the central nervous system of untreated phenylketonuric patients are reductions in the number of axons, dendrites, and synapses in the brain. Such alterations are thought to be mainly associated with the toxic effects caused by phenylalanine. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The present study shows that a high concentration of phenylalanine remarkably inhibited neuronal neurite formation in vitro. Interestingly, AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), the energy status sensor, was activated in cultured cerebral cortical neurons upon phenylalanine treatment. Pretreatment with an AMPK inhibitor ameliorated the reduction of neurite formation caused by phenylalanine. In addition, the levels of the phosphorylated AMPK, the active form of AMPK, were significantly higher in the cerebral cortices of PKU mice with elevated phenylalanine levels in this brain region compared to those in wild‐type control mice, whereas the density of dendritic spines on basal secondary dendrites of pyramidal neurons in prefrontal cortices of PKU mice was significantly decreased. Collectively, these findings indicate that AMPK activation is a key event in impaired neuronal dendritic development in PKU and consequently, a potential therapeutic target for developing neuroprotective strategies against phenylalanine‐evoked brain injury in PKU.
From the air to the water phase: implication for toxicity testing of combustion-derived particles
Authors: Schmidt Susanne , Altenburger Rolf , Kühnel Dana 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe biological effects of airborne particulate matter (PM) in humans stimulated many research activities in recent years. One type of particles contributing to PM are those derived from combustion processes. By using in vitro test systems for assessing the toxic effects of those particles, the transfer into liquid media is necessary. Thus the question arises, how the transfer of airborne particles into liquid suspensions should be realized and how the exposure of test organisms/cells to the particles can be done and monitored with regard to concentration and stability. Further, the characterization of the airborne particles regarding their composition seems to be of importance in order to understand the induced biological effects. Hence, this review gathers and evaluates results from in vitro and ecotoxicity studies, where the introduction of airborne particles into liquids is required. The aim was to learn on the current practice and recommend on the design of toxicity studies in the future. In total, about 80 papers were retrieved by literature search that deal with the assessment of biological effects of combustion-derived particles or their constituents. The papers were evaluated in detail with regard to the methodology applied. From this evaluation and based on expert knowledge regarding nanoparticle testing, recommendations for the assessment of PM applying toxicological assays were developed. To provide guidance, essential criteria are developed that should help in preparation, testing, and during the evaluation phase of toxicological assays. We further advise whole particle testing, complemented by testing of particle extracts and washed particles.
Hospital-wide education committees and high-quality residency training: A&nbsp;qualitative study
Authors: Silkens Milou E.W. M. , Slootweg Irene A. , Scherpbier Albert J. J. A. , Heineman Maas Jan , Lombarts Kiki M. J. M. H. 
Published: December 2017

Introduction High-quality residency training is of utmost importance for residents to become competent medical specialists. Hospital-wide education committees have been adopted by several healthcare systems to govern postgraduate medical education and to support continuous quality improvement of residency training. To understand the functioning and potential of such committees, this study examined the mechanisms through which hospital-wide education committees strive to enable continuous quality improvement in residency training.
Methods Focus group studies with a constructivist grounded theory approach were performed between April 2015 and August 2016. A purposeful sample of hospital-wide education committees led to seven focus groups.
Results Hospital-wide education committees strived to enable continuous quality improvement of residency training by the following mechanisms: creating an organization-wide quality culture, an organization-wide quality structure and by collaborating with external stakeholders. However, the committees were first and foremost eager to claim a strategic position within the organization they represent. All identified mechanisms were interdependent and ongoing.
Discussion From a governance perspective, the position of hospital-wide education committees in the Netherlands is uniquely contributing to the call for institutional accountability for the quality of residency training. When implementing hospital-wide education committees, shared responsibility of the committees and the departments that actually provide residency training should be addressed. Although committees vary in the strategies they use to impact continuous quality improvement of residency training, they increasingly have the ability to undertake supporting actions and are working step by step to contribute to high-quality postgraduate medical education.
Regulatory interpretation: regulators, regulated parties, and the courts
Authors: Randolph Gregory M. , Fetzner James P. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWhile regulators, firms, and the courts must all be able to interpret regulations to best address economic and social issues, regulatory interpretation may vary greatly across parties. After introducing a framework to explain the impact of the complexity of written regulations and the complexity of the regulatory environment on regulatory interpretation, this paper utilizes regulatory examples to explore the challenges associated with regulatory interpretation. Several recent initiatives designed to improve regulatory efficacy are examined to assess potential methods available to reduce challenges associated with regulatory interpretation. When considered with the public policy implementation literature and research on networks in public policy, several implications emerge from the consideration of regulatory interpretation and recent regulatory initiatives. Regulators should pursue strategies to minimize the number of possible interpretations in the design of regulation and seek improved regulatory mechanisms to alleviate regulatory interpretation challenges. Furthermore, theoretical models should acknowledge regulatory interpretation to better assist in the design and implementation of regulation.
Cultural Values Versus Cultural Norms as Predictors of Differences in Helping Behaviors and in Emotion Regulation: A Preliminary Nation-Level Test Related to the Leung-Morris Model
Authors: Smith Peter B. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTLeung and Morris (2015) propose conditions under which values, norms, and schemata drive cultural differences in behavior. They build on past theories about dimensions of situational strength to propose that personal values drive behavior more in weak situations and perceived norms drive behavior more in strong situations. Drawing on this analysis as well as two recent models of cultural tightness-looseness, country-level effects are predicted on the assumption that tighter cultures more frequently create strong situations and looser cultures more frequently create weak situations. Using secondary data, I examine values as well as perceived descriptive norms and injunctive norms relevant to collectivism in relation to two key dependent measures: helping strangers and emotion regulation. The relation of embeddedness values to helping strangers is moderated negatively by tightness (in that high embeddedness reduces helping less in the context of tightness), and its relation to emotion regulation is moderated positively (in that embeddedness increases emotion regulation more in the context of tightness). Furthermore, descriptive norms show main effects for both dependent variables that are predominantly unmoderated by tightness. Finally, the link of injunctive norms with emotion regulation is moderated positively by tightness (in that injunctiveness heightens emotion regulation more in the context of tightness). Results support the relevance of nation-level tightness to reliance on values and norms, but the strength of effects depends on how it is operationalized.
Seasonal forecasting of green water components and crop yields of winter wheat in Serbia and Austria
Authors: Lalić B. , Firanj Sremac A. , Dekić L. , Eitzinger J. , Perišić D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA probabilistic crop forecast based on ensembles of crop model output (CMO) estimates offers a myriad of possible realizations and probabilistic forecasts of green water components (precipitation and evapotranspiration), crop yields and green water footprints (GWFs) on monthly or seasonal scales. The present paper presents part of the results of an ongoing study related to the application of ensemble forecasting concepts for agricultural production. The methodology used to produce the ensemble CMO using the ensemble seasonal weather forecasts as the crop model input meteorological data without the perturbation of initial soil or crop conditions is presented and tested for accuracy, as are its results. The selected case study is for winter wheat growth in Austria and Serbia during the 2006–2014 period modelled with the SIRIUS crop model. The historical seasonal forecasts for a 6-month period (1 March-31 August) were collected for the period 2006–2014 and were assimilated from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast and the Meteorological Archival and Retrieval System. The seasonal ensemble forecasting results obtained for winter wheat phenology dynamics, yield and GWF showed a narrow range of estimates. These results indicate that the use of seasonal weather forecasting in agriculture and its applications for probabilistic crop forecasting can optimize field operations (e.g., soil cultivation, plant protection, fertilizing, irrigation) and takes advantage of the predictions of crop development and yield a few weeks or months in advance.
THE OTHER SIDE OF ARGENTINE FOREIGN TRADE: SOURCES FOR THE STUDY OF IMPORTS, 1880-1913
Authors: Rayes Agustina 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHistoriography has payed less attention to imports than exports from the last quarter of the nineteenth century to the beginning of World War I. On the one hand, this is explained by the crucial and more visible part that exports played in fostering economic growth. On the other, the reason why imports have been less studied is the high level of disaggregation of the data available. In this paper, we analyse the official Argentine statistics as the main source for a reconstruction of imports. Then, we recalculate the balance of trade using our corrected export series. Additionally, we propose a research agenda based on gaps in the specialised literature and the possibilities given by the use of the official statistics.
The neural correlates of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire scores in adults: A meta-analysis and review of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies
Authors: Heany Sarah J. , Groenewold Nynke A. , Uhlmann Anne , Dalvie Shareefa , Stein Dan J. , Brooks Samantha J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractChildhood maltreatment, including abuse and neglect, may have sustained effects on the integrity and functioning of the brain, alter neurophysiological responsivity later in life, and predispose individuals toward psychiatric conditions involving socioaffective disturbances. This meta-analysis aims to quantify associations between self-reported childhood maltreatment and brain function in response to socioaffective cues in adults. Seventeen functional magnetic resonance imaging studies reporting on data from 848 individuals examined with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were included in a meta-analysis of whole-brain findings, or a review of region of interest findings. The spatial consistency of peak activations associated with maltreatment exposure was tested using activation likelihood estimation, using a threshold of p < .05 corrected for multiple comparisons. Adults exposed to childhood maltreatment showed significantly increased activation in the left superior frontal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus, and decreased activation in the left superior parietal lobule and the left hippocampus. Although hyperresponsivity to socioaffective cues in the amygdala and ventral anterior cingulate cortex in correlation with maltreatment severity is a replicated finding in region of interest studies, null results are reported as well. The findings suggest that childhood maltreatment has sustained effects on brain function into adulthood, and highlight potential mechanisms for conveying vulnerability to development of psychopathology.
An algebra for distributed Big Data analytics
Authors: FEGARAS LEONIDAS 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe present an algebra for data-intensive scalable computing based on monoid homomorphisms that consists of a small set of operations that capture most features supported by current domain-specific languages for data-centric distributed computing. This algebra is being used as the formal basis of MRQL, which is a query processing and optimization system for large-scale distributed data analysis. The MRQL semantics is given in terms of monoid comprehensions, which support group-by and order-by syntax and can work on heterogeneous collections without requiring any extension to the monoid algebra. We present the syntax and semantics of monoid comprehensions and provide rules to translate them to the monoid algebra. We give evidence of the effectiveness of our algebra by presenting some important optimization rules, such as converting nested queries to joins.
MicroRNAs regulate key cell survival pathways and mediate chemosensitivity during progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Leivonen Suvi-Katri , Icay Katherine , Jäntti Kirsi , Siren Ilari , Liu Chengyu , Alkodsi Amjad , Cervera Alejandra , Ludvigsen Maja , Hamilton-Dutoit Stephen Jacques , d’Amore Francesco , Karjalainen-Lindsberg Marja-Liisa , Delabie Jan , Holte Harald , Lehtonen Rainer , Hautaniemi Sampsa , Leppä Sirpa 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDespite better therapeutic options and improved survival of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 30–40% of the patients experience relapse or have primary refractory disease with a dismal prognosis. To identify biological correlates for treatment resistance, we profiled microRNAs (miRNAs) of matched primary and relapsed DLBCL by next-generation sequencing. Altogether 492 miRNAs were expressed in the DLBCL samples. Thirteen miRNAs showed significant differential expression between primary and relapse specimen pairs. Integration of the differentially expressed miRNAs with matched mRNA expression profiles identified highly anti-correlated, putative targets, which were significantly enriched in cancer-associated pathways, including phosphatidylinositol (PI)), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling. Expression data suggested activation of these pathways during disease progression, and functional analyses validated that miR-370-3p, miR-381-3p, and miR-409-3p downregulate genes on the PI, MAPK, and BCR signaling pathways, and enhance chemosensitivity of DLBCL cells in vitro. High expression of selected target genes, that is, PIP5K1 and IMPA1, was found to be associated with poor survival in two independent cohorts of chemoimmunotherapy-treated patients (n = 92 and n = 233). Taken together, our results demonstrate that differentially expressed miRNAs contribute to disease progression by regulating key cell survival pathways and by mediating chemosensitivity, thus representing potential novel therapeutic targets.