bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Encontrar sin perderse: ¿se ha frustrado al buscar la información médica que necesita?
Authors: Fernández-Altuna María De los Ángeles , Martínez del Prado Alejandra , Gutiérrez Rayón Diego , Arriarán Rodríguez Elizabeth , Toriz Castillo Héctor Armando , Betancourt Cravioto Miguel , Lifshitz Guinzberg Alberto 
Published: December 2015

Introducción: El acceso a la información ha dejado de ser un problema pues actualmente los estudiantes de medicina buscan información en la red. Sin embargo, ante la amplia gama de fuentes de información electrónicas (FIE) disponibles, cada vez es más difícil encontrar la información pertinente. La comunidad académica de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) cuenta con valiosas FIE como parte del acervo de su Biblioteca Médica Digital (BMD), pero la experiencia cotidiana indicó que este acervo no se ha utilizado en todo su potencial.

Objetivos: Identificar las FIE más relevantes del acervo de información electrónica de la UNAM, en especial de la BMD y sus vias de acceso; aplicar las estrategias de búsqueda de información a través de un ejemplo para recuperación eficiente de información; contribuir a concientizar a la comunidad académica de la Facultad de Medicina sobre la utilidad de recursos disponibles en su BMD.

Método: Se realizó un resumen general de las FIE de la UNAM, se revisaron algunas propuestas de estrategias de búsquedas de información y se llevaron a la práctica utilizando las FIE disponibles en la BMD. Se analizaron los resultados determinando qué estrategias fueron mejores, de acuerdo a la utilidad y relevancia de los resultados.

Resultados: Mediante el planteamiento de una estrategia exitosa de búsqueda se obtuvo una cantidad reducida (y por tanto más manejable) de unidades de material específico. A través de la BMD se obtuvo entre el 85 y el 100% del material en texto completo. En algunos casos todo el material fue relevante para el tema (PubMed) y en otros la mayoría no lo fue (Scopus y Dynamed). La misma estrategia de búsqueda en algunos de los recursos de la BMD arrojó una gran cantidad de resultados. Se utilizaron «búsquedas avanzadas» para acotar los resultados. No todos los resultados filtrados fueron relevantes para el tema de investigación. Algunos recursos de la BMD manejan material que es útil solo para ciertos investigadores. Algunos recursos traducen las palabras clave de manera automática.

Conclusiones: Conocer y utilizar las estrategias de búsqueda permitió llevar a cabo una recuperación efectiva de información, evitando asi perderse en la información disponible, contribuyó a desarrollar las habilidades informativas y permitió tomar mejores decisiones. El acervo de la BMD es muy valioso. Se ofrecieron estrategias efectivas de búsqueda y recuperación para ser utilizadas por la comunidad de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM.
Serum C-reactive protein levels predict regional brain responses to noxious cold stimulation of the hand in chronic whiplash associated disorders
Authors: Sterling Michele , Head Jessica , Cabot Peter J. , Farrell Michael 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background and aims
Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) are a costly health burden. The condition is characterised by sensory disturbances such as widespread hyperalgesia likely indicative of central hyperexcitability. Recently elevated levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers have also found in acute and chronic WAD. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and pain processing in people with persistent whiplash associated disorders (WAD).

Methods
Twenty one participants with chronic whiplash (>3 months) were recruited. Venous blood samples were collected and assays performed for C-reactive protein (CRP) and TNF-α. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast images of the brain were acquired with a Siemens 1.5T MRI scanner during repeated 24 s stimulus blocks of innocuous or painful stimuli (thumbnail pressure and cold stimulation of dorsum of hand) separated by 36 s inter-stimulus intervals. Stimulus intensities used during scanning were at the level of participants’ thresholds for moderate pain. Parameter estimates representing BOLD signal increases during painful events from each participant were tested for associations with inflammatory biomarkers.

Results
Clinically relevant levels of CRP and TNF-α were found in 33% and 38% of participants. Levels of CRP showed a positive correlation with levels of cold pain activation in brain regions including the anterior insula, posterior parietal cortex, caudate and thalamus (p
corrected < 0.05). Levels of TNF-α were not related to activation levels during either noxious pressure or cold. Pressure pain activations also did not show a relationship with CRP levels.

Conclusions
Shared variance between inflammation and increased levels of regional pain-related activation in people with persistent whiplash symptoms is apparent for cold, but not pressure stimuli.

Implications
The results highlight cold pain processing as an important aspect of whiplash chronicity, although the implications of this modality-specific effect are not readily apparent.
Effectiveness of Chlorhexidine Wipes for the Prevention of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Colonization and Hospital-Acquired Infections in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Randomized Trial in Thailand
Authors: Boonyasiri Adhiratha , Thaisiam Peerapat , Permpikul Chairat , Judaeng Tepnimitr , Suiwongsa Bordeesuda , Apiradeewajeset Napaporn , Fakthongphan Teerawan , Suddee Sunun , Laoagtipparos Wandee , Thamlikitkul Visanu 
Published: December 2015

OBJECTIVETo determine the effectiveness of daily bathing with 2% chlorhexidine-impregnated washcloths in preventing multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-positive bacterial colonization and bloodstream infection.METHODSA randomized, open-label controlled trial was conducted in 4 medical intensive care units (ICUs) in Thailand from December 2013 to January 2015. Patients were randomized to receive cleansing with non-antimicrobial soap (control group) or 2% chlorhexidine-impregnated washcloths used to wipe the patient’s body once daily (chlorhexidine group). Swabs were taken from nares, axilla, antecubital, groin, and perianal areas on admission and on day 3, 5, 7, and 14. The 5 outcomes were (1) favorable events ( all samples negative throughout ICU admission, or initially positive samples with subsequent negative samples); (2) MDR bacteria colonization-free time; (3) hospital-acquired infection; (4) length of ICU and hospital stay; (5) adverse skin reactions.RESULTSA total of 481 patients were randomly assigned to the control group (241) or the chlorhexidine group (240). Favorable events at day 14 were observed in 34.8% of patients in the control group and 28.6% in the chlorhexidine group (P=.79). Median MDR bacteria colonization-free times were 5 days in both groups. The incidence rate of hospital-acquired infection and the length of the ICU and hospital stay did not differ significantly between groups. The incidence of adverse skin reactions in the chlorhexidine group was 2.5%.CONCLUSIONThe effectiveness of 2% chlorhexidine-impregnated washcloths for the prevention of MDR gram-negative bacteria colonization and hospital-acquired infection in adult patients in ICU was not proven.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01989416.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2016;37(3):245–253
Cashew apple extract inhibition of fat storage and insulin resistance in the diet-induced obesity mouse model
Authors: Beejmohun Vickram , Mignon Cyril , Mazollier Aude , Peytavy-Izard Marie , Pallet Dominique , Dornier Manuel , Chapal Nicolas 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe cashew apple is an unvalued by-product from the cashew nut industry, of which millions of tonnes are simply discarded globally. Interestingly, however, cashew apple nutrients may have beneficial effects for health even if these are still poorly described. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of a hydro-alcoholic extract of cashew apple (cashew apple extract; CAE; Cashewin™) on obesity and diabetes, in two experimental designs using the diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model. First, in the preventive design, mice were treated orally with the CAE at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight from the first day under a high-fat diet (HFD) and during 8 weeks thereafter. Second, in the curative design, the animals were first maintained under the HFD for 4 weeks and then treated with the CAE for a further 4 weeks under the same regimen. For both experimental designs, body weight, peri-epididymal adipose tissue, liver weight, food consumption, glycaemia, insulinaemia and insulin resistance were assessed. In both designs, the CAE significantly reduced body-weight gain and fat storage in both the peri-epididymal adipose tissue and the liver for mice under the HFD. This was achieved without modifying their energy consumption. Furthermore, glycaemia, insulinaemia and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance) of the DIO mice were significantly lowered compared with the control group. Thus, a well-designed hydro-alcoholic extract of cashew apple could provide an attractive nutritional food ingredient to help support the management of body weight and associated metabolic parameters such as blood glucose and insulin levels.
Splendide Mendax: False Label Claims About High and Rising Alcohol Content of Wine
Authors: Alston Julian M. , Fuller Kate B. , Lapsley James T. , Soleas George , Tumber Kabir P. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAre wine alcohol labels accurate? If not, why? We explore the high and rising alcohol content of wine and examine incentives for false labeling, including the roles of climate, evolving consumer preferences, and expert ratings. We draw on international time-series data from a large number of countries that experienced different patterns of climate change and influences of policy and demand shifts. We find systematic patterns that suggest that rising wine alcohol content may be a nuisance by-product of producer responses to perceived market preferences for wines having more-intense flavours, possibly in conjunction with evolving climate. (JEL Classifications: D22, L15, L66, Q18, Q54).
Evaluation of a screener to assess diet quality in the Netherlands
Authors: van Lee Linde , Feskens Edith J. M. , Meijboom Saskia , Hooft van Huysduynen Eveline J. C. , van’t Veer Pieter , de Vries Jeanne H. M. , Geelen Anouk 
Published: December 2015

AbstractGenerally, there is a need for short questionnaires to estimate diet quality in the Netherlands. We developed a thirty-four-item FFQ – the Dutch Healthy Diet FFQ (DHD-FFQ) – to estimate adherence to the most recent Dutch guidelines for a healthy diet of 2006 using the DHD-index. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the DHD-index derived from the DHD-FFQ by comparing it with the index based on a reference method and to examine associations with participant characteristics, nutrient intakes and levels of cardiometabolic risk factors. Data of 1235 Dutch men and women, aged between 20 and 70 years, participating in the Nutrition Questionnaires plus study were used. The DHD-index was calculated from the DHD-FFQ and from a reference method consisting of a 180-item FFQ combined with a 24-h urinary Na excretion value. Ranking was studied using Spearman’s correlations, and absolute agreement was studied using a Bland–Altman plot. Nutrient intakes derived from the 180-item FFQ were studied according to quintiles of the DHD-index using DHD-FFQ data. The correlation between the DHD-index derived from the DHD-FFQ and the reference method was 0·56 (95 % CI 0·52, 0·60). The Bland–Altman plot showed a small mean overestimation of the DHD-index derived from the DHD-FFQ compared with the reference method. The DHD-index score was in the favourable direction associated with most macronutrient and micronutrient intakes when adjusted for energy intake. No associations between the DHD-index score and cardiometabolic risk factors were observed. In conclusion, the DHD-index derived from the DHD-FFQ was considered acceptable in ranking but relatively poor in individual assessment of diet quality.
Relevance of fruits, vegetables and flavonoids from fruits and vegetables during early life, mid-childhood and adolescence for levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and its binding proteins IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 in young adulthood
Authors: Krupp Danika , Remer Thomas , Penczynski Katharina J. , Bolzenius Katja , Wudy Stefan A. , Buyken Anette E. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe growth hormone (GH) insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis has been linked to insulin metabolism and cancer risk. Experimental evidence indicates that the GH–IGF axis itself can be influenced by dietary flavonoids. As fruit and vegetable (FV) intake is a major source of flavonoid consumption, FV’s beneficial health effects may be explained via flavonoids’ influence on the GH–IGF axis, but observational evidence is currently rare. We used data from Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study participants to analyse prospective associations between FV, fruit intake and flavonoid intake from FV (FlavFV) with IGF-1 and its binding proteins IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3. Subjects needed to provide a fasting blood sample in adulthood (18–39 years) and at least two 3-d weighed dietary records in early life (0·5−2 years,n191), mid-childhood (3−7 years,n265) or adolescence (girls: 9−15 years, boys: 10−16 years,n261). Additional analyses were conducted among those providing at least three 24-h urine samples in adolescence (n236) to address the predictor urinary hippuric acid (HA), a biomarker of polyphenol intake. Higher fruit intake in mid-childhood and adolescence was related to higher IGFBP-2 in adulthood (P=0·03 andP=0·045). Comparable trends (P=0·045−0·09) were discernable for FV intake (but not FlavFV) in all three time windows. Similarly, higher adolescent HA excretion tended to be related (P=0·06) to higher adult IGFBP-2 levels. Regarding IGFBP-3, a marginal (P=0·08) positive association was observed with FlavFV in mid-childhood only. None of the investigated dietary factors was related to IGF-1. In conclusion, higher fruit and FV intakes during growth may be relevant for adult IGFBP-2, but probably not for IGFBP-3 or IGF-1.
Validation of the modified agglutination test for the detection ofToxoplasma gondiiin free-range chickens by using cat and mouse bioassay
Authors: DUBEY J. P. , LAURIN E. , KWOWK O. C. H. 
Published: December 2015

SUMMARYThe modified agglutination test (MAT) is one of the most commonly used tests for the detection of antibodies toToxoplasma gondiiin animal and human sera. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the MAT and bioassay in free-range/backyard (FR) chickens (Gallus domesticus). Previously-publishedT. gondiitest results from 2066 chickens from 19 countries were compiled for the present study. The frequency of isolation ofT. gondiiincreased for MAT titres between 1:5 and 1:160, and ranged from 61 to 75% for antibody titres of 1:160, 1:320, and ⩾1:640. Twenty-three cats fed pooled hearts from a total of 802 FR seronegative (MAT, <1:5) chickens from several countries did not excrete oocysts, indicating a high negative predictive value of MAT because FR chickens would have been exposed to many microbes; cats are the most sensitive indicators ofT. gondiiinfection in tissues and can excrete millions of oocysts after ingesting even a few bradyzoites. Of the 29 cats in this study, six cats, fed hearts pooled from 15–122 FR chickens, excreted oocysts; but these identifications were likely related to misidentification or prozone. Results of the present study support the validity of MAT for the detection ofT. gondiiinfection in chickens.
Cellular immune response in intraventricular experimental neurocysticercosis
Authors: MOURA VANIA B. L. , LIMA SARAH B. , MATOS-SILVA HIDELBERTO , VINAUD MARINA C. , LOYOLA PATRICIA R. A. N. , LINO RUY S. 
Published: December 2015

SUMMARYNeurocysticercosis (NCC) is considered a neglected parasitic infection of the human central nervous system. Its pathogenesis is due to the host immune response, stage of evolution and location of the parasite. The aim of this study was to evaluate thein situand systemic immune response through cytokines dosage (IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and IFN-γ) as well as the local inflammatory response of the experimental NCC withTaenia crassiceps. Thein situand systemic cellular and inflammatory immune response were evaluated through the cytokines quantification at 7, 30, 60 and 90 days after inoculation and histopathological analysis. All cysticerci were found within the cerebral ventricles. There was a discrete intensity of inflammatory cells of mixed immune profile, polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells, at the beginning of the infection and predominance of mononuclear cells at the end. The systemic immune response showed a significant increase in all the analysed cytokines and predominance of the Th2 immune profile cytokines at the end of the infection. These results indicate that the location of the cysticerci may lead to ventriculomegaly. The acute phase of the infection showed a mixed Th1/Th17 profile accompanied by high levels of IL-10 while the late phase showed a Th2 immune profile.
Multi-contact bipedal robotic locomotion
Authors: Zhao Huihua , Hereid Ayonga , Ma Wen-loong , Ames Aaron D. 
Published: December 2015

SUMMARYThis paper presents a formal framework for achieving multi-contact bipedal robotic walking, and realizes this methodology experimentally on two robotic platforms: AMBER2 and Assume The Robot Is A Sphere (ATRIAS). Inspired by the key feature encoded in human walking—multi-contact behavior—this approach begins with the analysis of human locomotion and uses it to motivate the construction of a hybrid system model representing a multi-contact robotic walking gait. Human-inspired outputs are extracted from reference locomotion data to characterize the human model or the spring-loaded invert pendulum (SLIP) model, and then employed to develop the human-inspired control and an optimization problem that yields stable multi-domain walking. Through a trajectory reconstruction strategy motivated by the process that generates the walking gait, the mathematical constructions are successfully translated to the two physical robots experimentally.
Geometric properties of projective manifolds of small degree
Authors: KWAK SIJONG , PARK JINHYUNG 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study geometric properties of non-degenerate smooth projective varieties of small degree from a birational point of view. First, using the positivity property of double point divisors and the adjunction mappings, we classify smooth projective varieties in $\mathbb{P}$r of degree d ⩽ r + 2, and consequently, we show that such varieties are simply connected and rationally connected except in a few cases. This is a generalisation of P. Ionescu's work. We also show the finite generation of Cox rings of smooth projective varieties in $\mathbb{P}$r of degree d ⩽ r with counterexamples for d = r + 1, r + 2. On the other hand, we prove that a non-uniruled smooth projective variety in $\mathbb{P}$r of dimension n and degree d ⩽ n(r − n) + 2 is Calabi–Yau, and give an example that shows this bound is also sharp.
Domestic Church: A New Frontier in Ecclesiology
Authors: Bourg Florence Caffrey 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThis essay traces the revival of the concept of domestic church from Vatican II to the present. It identifies areas of preliminary consensus, as well as unresolved issues, which surface explicitly or implicitly in discussion of domestic church. Using Rahner's thought, the potential significance of domestic churches in ecclesiology is examined in more depth.
X.—On the Quantum Mechanism in the Atom
Authors: Whittaker E. T. 
Published: December 2015

It is now well established experimentally that when an atom is caused to emit radiation of frequency v by collision with an electron, the amount U of the kinetic energy of the electron which is absorbed by the atom is given by the equationwhere h denotes Planck's quantum of Action : an electron whose kinetic energy before the encounter is less than hv is incapable of stimulating the atom to emit the radiation, and is merely repelled from the atom without any loss of energy.
Antipsychotic induced priapism in a man with an intellectual disability
Authors: Anjum Rubina , Roy Ashok , Marston Geoff 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPriapism is a rare urological emergency, which can be associated with the use of psychotropic medication. The authors were able to find only one brief report of this condition in people with an intellectual disability. A case is reported in a man with moderate intellectual disability, who was receiving antipsychotic medication to manage extreme challenging behaviour. We discuss the condition and its implications for pharmacological treatments of behavioural disturbance in susceptible individuals.
Assessment of the severity of Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone in 2014–2015
Authors: WONG J. Y. , ZHANG W. , KARGBO D. , HAQUE U. , HU W. , WU P. , KAMARA A. , CHEN Y. , KARGBO B. , GLASS G. E. , YANG R. , COWLING B. J. , LIU C. 
Published: December 2015

SUMMARYThe current Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic in West Africa is unprecedented in scale, and Sierra Leone is the most severely affected country. The case fatality risk (CFR) and hospitalization fatality risk (HFR) were used to characterize the severity of infections in confirmed and probable EVD cases in Sierra Leone. Proportional hazards regression models were used to investigate factors associated with the risk of death in EVD cases. In total, there were 17 318 EVD cases reported in Sierra Leone from 23 May 2014 to 31 January 2015. Of the probable and confirmed EVD cases with a reported final outcome, a total of 2536 deaths and 886 recoveries were reported. CFR and HFR estimates were 74·2% [95% credibility interval (CrI) 72·6–75·5] and 68·9% (95% CrI 66·2–71·6), respectively. Risks of death were higher in the youngest (0–4 years) and oldest (⩾60 years) age groups, and in the calendar month of October 2014. Sex and occupational status did not significantly affect the mortality of EVD. The CFR and HFR estimates of EVD were very high in Sierra Leone.
High burden of RSV hospitalization in very young children: a data linkage study
Authors: HOMAIRA N. , OEI J.-L. , MALLITT K-A. , ABDEL-LATIF M. E. , HILDER L. , BAJUK B. , LUI K. , FERSON M. , NURKIC A. , CHAMBERS G. M. , RAWLINSON W. , SNELLING T. , JAFFE A. 
Published: December 2015

SUMMARYLinked administrative population data were used to estimate the burden of childhood respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization in an Australian cohort aged <5 years. RSV-coded hospitalizations data were extracted for all children aged <5 years born in New South Wales (NSW), Australia between 2001 and 2010. Incidence was calculated as the total number of new episodes of RSV hospitalization divided by the child-years at risk. Mean cost per episode of RSV hospitalization was estimated using public hospital cost weights. The cohort comprised of 870 314 children. The population-based incidence/1000 child-years of RSV hospitalization for children aged <5 years was 4·9 with a rate of 25·6 in children aged <3 months. The incidence of RSV hospitalization (per 1000 child-years) was 11·0 for Indigenous children, 81·5 for children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), 10·2 for preterm children with gestational age (GA) 32–36 weeks, 27·0 for children with GA 28–31 weeks, 39·0 for children with GA <28 weeks and 6·7 for term children with low birthweight. RSV hospitalization was associated with an average annual cost of more than AUD 9 million in NSW. RSV was associated with a substantial burden of childhood hospitalization specifically in children aged <3 months and in Indigenous children and children born preterm or with BPD.