bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescribing patterns of psychotropic medications and clinical features in patients with major depressive disorder with and without comorbid dysthymia in China
Authors: Feng Yuan , Sha Sha , Hu Chen , Wang Gang , Ungvari Gabor S. , Chiu Helen F.K. , Ng Chee H. , Si Tian‐Mei , Chen Da‐Fang , Fang Yi‐Ru , Lu Zheng , Yang Hai‐Chen , Hu Jian , Chen Zhi‐Yu , Huang Yi , Sun Jing , Wang Xiao‐Ping , Li Hui‐Chun , Zhang Jin‐Bei , Xiang Yu‐Tao 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIntroductionLittle has been reported about the demographic and clinical features of major depressive disorder (MDD) with comorbid dysthymia in Chinese patients. This study examined the frequency of comorbid dysthymia in Chinese MDD patients together with the demographic and clinical correlates and prescribing patterns of psychotropic drugs.MethodsConsecutively collected sample of 1178 patients with MDD were examined in 13 major psychiatric hospitals in China. Patients' demographic and clinical characteristics and psychotropic drugs prescriptions were recorded using a standardized protocol and data collection procedure. The diagnosis of dysthymia was established using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Medications ascertained included antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and mood stabilizers.ResultsOne hundred and three (8.7%) patients fulfilled criteria for dysthymia. In multiple logistic regression analyses, compared to non‐dysthymia counterparts, MDD patients with dysthymia had more depressive episodes with atypical features including increased appetite, sleep, and weight gain, more frequent lifetime depressive episodes, and less likelihood of family history of psychiatric disorders. There was no significant difference in the pattern of psychotropic prescription between the 2 groups.ConclusionsThere are important differences in the demographic and clinical features of comorbid dysthymia in Chinese MDD patients compared with previous reports. The clinical profile found in this study has implications for treatment decisions.
Effect of Forsythia suspensa extract and chito‐oligosaccharide alone or in combination on performance, intestinal barrier function, antioxidant capacity and immune characteristics of weaned piglets
Authors: Zhao Panfeng , Piao Xiangshu , Zeng Zhikai , Li Ping , Xu Xiao , Wang Hongliang 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe investigated the effects of Forsythia suspensa extract (FSE) and chito‐oligosaccharide (COS), alone or together, on performance and health status of weaned piglets. The treatments included a basal diet and three diets with 160 mg/kg COS, 100 mg/kg FSE, or 100 mg/kg FSE and 160 mg/kg COS. Supplementation with COS or FSE alone improved (P < 0.01) average daily gain and feed conversion ratio compared with the basal diet in the first 2 weeks. On day 14, COS or FSE supplementation separately produced stronger (P < 0.01) serum total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activities and lower serum endotoxin (P < 0.05) and malondialdehyde (P < 0.01) concentrations, generated higher (P < 0.01) serum complement 4 concentration, peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation and serum‐specific ovalbumin antibody level than the basal diet. No differences in oxidative injury and immunity indices were detected on day 28. The combined FSE and COS produced similar results compared with FSE or COS when given alone. These data indicate FSE or COS can increase performance by modulating intestinal permeability, antioxidant status and immune function in younger pigs. There appears to be similar advantage in feeding the additives in combination over those obtained from feeding them separately.
Grazing exclusion unleashes competitive plant responses in Iberian Atlantic mountain grasslands
Authors: Odriozola Iñaki , García‐Baquero Gonzalo , Fortin Marie‐Josée , Laskurain Nere Amaia , Aldezabal Arantza 
Published: October 2016

AbstractQuestionsDoes the absence of equalizing mechanisms after cessation of grazing unleash strong above‐ground competitors to create large patches in the community? Do these competitive intraspecific aggregations displace and exclude other species, thereby reducing species diversity?LocationAtlantic grasslands, Aralar Natural Park, Basque Country, Northern Iberian Peninsula.MethodsLarge herbivores were experimentally excluded from three sites (50 m × 50 m exclusion fences) during 9 yr in a productive semi‐natural grassland system with a long history of grazing, using adjacent grazed plots as experimental controls. Sampling was carried out by systematically placing 100 quadrats (0.5 m × 0.5 m) in each of the six plots. Floristic composition and abundance, as well as eight hydrological and chemical soil properties, were measured in each quadrat. The spatial structures created by competitive species were analysed usingRDAin conjunction with Moran's eigenvector maps, and soil variables were simultaneously included in the analyses, thus disentangling the structures likely created by niche effects. Competitive exclusion was further determined using linear regressions between species richness and abundance of competitive species.ResultsGrazing exclusion unleashed competitive species such asFestuca microphyllaandAgrostis capillaris, which became dominant in the exclusion plots and created large spatial patches. Furthermore, a negative linear relationship, consistent across exclusion plots, was observed between species richness and abundance of competitive species, indicating that strong above‐ground competitors outcompeted other species when herbivores were excluded. However, the outcome of grazing exclusion across sites depended to some extent on local environmental conditions (niche effects).ConclusionsThis work confirms that the powerful equalizing mechanism of disturbance by herbivores is crucial for species co‐existence in productive grasslands. However, important differences observed in environmental effects across sites suggest that, even in highly productive grasslands, plant traits and local environmental characteristics (niche effects) do matter for species co‐existence.
Adverse events associated with interactions with dietary and herbal supplements among inpatients
Authors: Levy Ilana , Attias Samuel , Ben‐Arye Eran , Goldstein Lee , Schiff Elad 
Published: October 2016

AimsDietary and herbal supplements (DHS) are commonly used among inpatients and may cause interactions with drugs or other DHS. This study explored whether adverse events were actually associated with such interactions and examined specific characteristics among inpatient DHS users prone to such adverse events.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of 947 patients hospitalized in 12 departments of a tertiary academic medical centre in Haifa, Israel. It evaluated the rate of DHS use among inpatients, the potential for interactions, and actual adverse events during hospitalization associated with DHS use. It also assessed whether DHS consumption was documented in patients' medical files. Statistical analysis was used to delineate DHS users at risk for adverse events associated with interactions with conventional drugs or other DHS.ResultsIn 17 (3.7%) of the 458 DHS users, an adverse event may have been caused by DHS–drug–DHS interactions. According to the Drug Interaction Probability Scale, 14 interactions ‘probably’ caused the adverse events, and 11 ‘possibly’ caused them. Interactions occurred more frequently in older patients (P = 0.025, 95% CI: 2.26–19.7), patients born outside Israel (P = 0.025, 95% CI: 0.03–0.42), those with ophthalmologic (P = 0.032, 95% CI: 0.02–0.37) or gastrointestinal (P = 0.008, 95% CI: 0.05–0.46) comorbidities, and those using higher numbers of DHS (P < 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.52–2.48) or drugs (P = 0.027, 95% CI: 0.23–3.77).ConclusionsApproximately one in 55 hospitalizations in this study may have been caused by adverse events associated with DHS–drug–DHS interactions. To minimize the actual occurrence of adverse events, medical staff education regarding DHS should be improved.
Neuroprogression and episode recurrence in bipolar I disorder: A study of gray matter volume changes in first‐episode mania and association with clinical outcome
Authors: Kozicky Jan‐Marie , McGirr Alexander , Bond David J , Gonzalez Marjorie , Silveira Leonardo E , Keramatian Kamyar , Torres Ivan J , Lam Raymond W , Yatham Lakshmi N 
Published: October 2016

ObjectivesBipolar I disorder (BD‐I) is associated with gray matter volume (GMV) alterations in neural regions important for emotional regulation. Reductions found in patients with multiple episodes are not seen at illness onset, suggesting that changes occur with illness progression, although no prospective studies to date have examined this. In the present study, we assessed GMV at baseline and one year following a first manic episode, examining the impact of episode recurrence on the trajectory of change.MethodsA total of 41 recently remitted first manic episode patients with BD‐I and 25 healthy subjects (HS) underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and one year later. Using voxel‐based morphometry, we compared GMV change between HS, patients who experienced a recurrence of a mood episode (BDrecurr), and patients in sustained remission (BDwell).ResultsThe GMV change from baseline to one year did not differ significantly between HS and the full BD‐I group or BDwell and HS. However, the BDrecurr group had greater GMV loss than HS in left frontal and bilateral temporal regions, and BDwell patients involving bilateral frontal, temporal and left parietal regions.ConclusionsGMV change early in the course of BD‐I is associated with clinical outcome, such that neuroprogression found in patients who experience a recurrence of a mood episode is not seen in those with sustained remission. These findings have important implications for the treatment of BD‐I as they suggest that prevention of recurrence might minimize neuroprogression of the disease, possibly requiring a multipronged early intervention approach to achieve this goal.
Early report on brain arousal regulation in manic vs depressive episodes in bipolar disorder
Authors: Wittekind Dirk Alexander , Spada Janek , Gross Alexander , Hensch Tilman , Jawinski Philippe , Ulke Christine , Sander Christian , Hegerl Ulrich 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectivesThe arousal regulation model of affective disorders attributes an important role in the pathophysiology of affective disorders to dysregulation of brain arousal regulation. According to this model, sensation avoidance and withdrawal in depression and sensation seeking and hyperactivity in mania can be explained as auto‐regulatory attempts to counteract a tonically high (depression) or unstable (mania) arousal. The aim of this study was to compare brain arousal regulation between manic and depressive bipolar patients and healthy controls. We hypothesized that currently depressed patients with bipolar disorder show hyperstable arousal regulation, while currently manic patients show unstable arousal regulation.MethodsTwenty‐eight patients with bipolar disorder received a 15‐min resting electroencephalogram (EEG) during a depressive episode and 19 patients received the same during a manic/hypomanic episode. Twenty‐eight healthy control subjects were matched for age and sex. The Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig (VIGALL), which classifies 1‐s EEG segments as one of seven EEG‐vigilance substages, was used to measure brain arousal regulation.ResultsManic patients showed more unstable EEG‐vigilance regulation as compared to the control sample (P = .004) and to patients with a depressive episode (P ≤ .001). Depressive patients had significantly higher mean vigilance levels (P = .045) than controls.ConclusionsA clear difference was found in the regulation of brain arousal of manic patients vs depressive patients and controls. These data suggest that brain arousal might depend on the current mood state, which would support the arousal regulation model of affective disorders.
US HEALTH AND AGGREGATE FLUCTUATIONS
Authors: Vasilev Aleksandar 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to shed light on the importance of health considerations for business cycle fluctuations and the effect of health status on labour productivity and availability of labour input for productive use. To this end, Grossman's (2000) partial‐equilibrium framework with endogenous health is incorporated in an otherwise standard Real‐Business‐Cycle (RBC) model. Health status in this setup is modelled as a utility‐enhancing, intangible, and non‐transferrable capital stock, which depreciates over time. The household can improve their health (‘produce health') through investment using a health‐recovery technology. The main results are: (i) overall, the model compares well vis‐a‐vis data; (ii) the behaviour of the price of healthcare is adequately approximated by the shadow price of health in the model; (iii) the model‐generated health variable exhibits moderate‐ to high correlation with a large number of empirical health indicators.
À propos du rôle de la taille dans la croissance urbaine : Une analyse pour 135 agglomérations canadiennes entre 1971 et 2011
Authors: Dubé Jean , Polèse Mario 
Published: October 2016

Faits saillants

L'incidence de la taille initiale de la ville sur la croissance se manifeste de façon indirecte par l'intermédiaire d'autres variables.
La décroissance / croissance est principalement associée, respectivement, au degré de spécialisation dans les industries de première transformation et au taux d'emploi, un indicateur de la vigueur du marché du travail.
Le rôle (positif) du capital humain dans la croissance joue surtout pour les grandes agglomérations urbaines.
Does somatosensation change with age in children and adolescents? A systematic review
Authors: Taylor S. , McLean B. , Falkmer T. , Carey L. , Girdler S. , Elliott C. , Blair E. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundSomatosensory modalities, such as touch, proprioception and haptic ability, greatly influence the achievement of developmental milestones for children. Describing somatosensory impairment, natural variability and typical or expected developmental changes across age groups will help establish frameworks for intervention in clinical populations. This systematic review aimed to determine how different somatosensory modalities develop across childhood into adolescence to use as a point of reference for children at risk of somatosensory impairment.MethodsSearches of five electronic databases were undertaken through EBSCO‐host (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and ERIC) for studies measuring at least one somatosensory modality in typically developing individuals between birth and 18 years and analysed by age. Characteristics of studies were collected including country of origin, sample size, demographics and outcome measure used. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers.ResultsTwenty three cross‐sectional studies were included from a total of 188 articles retrieved: 8 examined aspects of touch, 5 proprioception and 10 haptic ability. Variability of study designs and variation in assessment tools precluded any formal meta‐analysis.ConclusionsSomatosensation matures through childhood into adolescence; however, the present review found the pattern of somatosensory development varied depending on the assessment tool used and the aspect of somatosensation being measured, making it difficult to describe typical performance. There is a need for comprehensive assessment batteries to measure the somatosensation, including touch, proprioception and haptic ability, of children at risk of somatosensory impairment to aid in the development of effective interventions.
Course of serum autoantibodies in patients after acute angle‐closure glaucoma attack
Authors: Lorenz Katrin , Beck Sabine , Keilani Munir M , Wasielica‐Poslednik Joanna , Pfeiffer Norbert , Grus Franz H 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of our investigation was to analyze the autoantibody ‐reactivities of patients after acute angle‐closure glaucoma (AACG) by means of a protein microarray approach to identify intraocular pressure(IOP)‐dependent antibodies.MethodsCollected sera from different study time points (AACG n = 6, 0, 2, 4 and 12 weeks) and control group (CTRL n = 11, 0 and 12 weeks) were analyzed. Protein‐microarrays were incubated with sera, and occurring immunoreactivities were visualized with fluorescence labeled secondary antibodies. To detect changes, spot intensities were digitized and compared with statistical techniques.ResultsThree autoantibodies with significant level‐alteration in the time course of the survey could be identified. Immunoreactivities to heat shock 27‐kDa protein (HSP27), tubulin–tyrosine ligase‐like protein 12 (TTLL12), and neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) show an increasing linear trend from week 0 up to week 12 with a positive correlation coefficient (P ≤ 0.05, r ≥ 0.4). In the CTRL‐ group, no significant alterations could be detected in corresponding autoantibody‐level. Analysis of variance revealed significant changes of antibody‐level between certain time points (anti‐HSP27 antibody [week 0 vs. 2], anti‐TTLL12 antibody [week 0 vs. 12], and anti‐NSE antibody [week 4 vs. 12] [P ≤ 0.05, respectively]) in AACG group.ConclusionsWith this autoantibodies profiling approach, we were able to detect autoimmune reactivities in sera of patients without former indication for glaucomatous damage after rise of IOP due to AACG attack. After further validation in subsequent studies, this autoantibodies could give further insights into the pathogenesis of glaucoma and could possibly help to understand the effect of IOP on glaucomatous optic neuropathy.
The NobelGuide® All‐on‐4® Treatment Concept for Rehabilitation of Edentulous Jaws: A Retrospective Report on the 7‐Years Clinical and 5‐Years Radiographic Outcomes
Authors: Lopes Armando , Maló Paulo , de Araújo Nobre Miguel , Sánchez‐Fernández Elena , Gravito Inês 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundThere is a necessity of studies documenting the long‐term outcome of full‐arch flapless rehabilitations.PurposeTo evaluate the 7 years implant and prosthesis survival rate and 5‐years marginal bone loss of full‐arch fixed prosthetic rehabilitations supported by implants in immediate function with the All‐on‐4® treatment concept using a computer guided surgical protocol (NobelGuide®, Nobel Biocare).Materials and MethodsThis retrospective clinical study included 111 edentulous patients (n = 53 bruxers; n = 21 smokers; n = 59 systemically compromised), rehabilitated between February 2005 and November 2010 with 532 implants with the All‐on‐4® treatment concept using NobelGuide®. Outcome measures were implant and prosthesis survival, marginal bone loss at 5‐years and the incidence of mechanical and biological complications. Survival was calculated using life‐table analysis. Inferential analysis was performed to compare the difference in marginal bone loss between axial and tilted implants.ResultsSixteen patients were lost to follow‐up. The implant cumulative survival rate was 94.5% at 7 years. Prosthetic survival was 97.8% (n = 3 prosthetic failures). The average (standard deviation) marginal bone loss at 5 years was 1.3 mm (1.06 mm) overall, 1.27 mm (1.02 mm) for tilted implants and 1.34 mm (1.1 mm) for axial implants (p < .001). Ninety‐one patients experienced complications in the provisional prostheses (n = 47 patients who were bruxers; n = 25 patients with implant‐supported rehabilitation as opposing dentition) ranging from prosthetic fracture (n = 66 patients) to abutment or prosthetic screw loosening (n = 74 patients). Thirty‐three patients experienced complications in the definitive prostheses (all exclusive to patients who were bruxers or had implant‐supported rehabilitations as opposing dentition) ranging from acrylic‐resin prosthetic/crown fracture (n = 23 patients) to abutment or prosthetic screw loosening (n = 10 patients). Twenty‐five patients (22%) registered peri‐implant pathology.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, it is possible to conclude that this treatment modality for completely edentulous jaws is possible with high long‐term survival outcomes. Bruxing and smoking habits had a negative impact on implant failure, mechanical, and biological complications.
Molecular phylogeny of the fern family Blechnaceae (Polypodiales) with a revised genus‐level treatment
Authors: de Gasper André L. , Almeida Thaís E. , Dittrich Vinícius A. de O. , Smith Alan R. , Salino Alexandre 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBlechnaceae, a leptosporangiate fern family nested within eupolypods II, comprises 200–250 species, typically divided among seven to nine genera. Despite recent molecular studies of the family, it still lacks a modern taxonomic update based on broad sampling from the two centres of diversity—the Neotropics and Australasia/Oceania. To test generic circumscriptions, we have assembled the broadest dataset thus far, from three plastid regions (rbcL, rps4‐trnS, trnL‐trnF) and with taxonomic sampling focused on both major diversity centres. Our sampling includes 156 taxa and 178 newly generated sequences. We recognize three subfamilies, each corresponding to a highly supported clade across all analyses (maximum parsimony, Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood). The genera Salpichlaena, Stenochlaena and Telmatoblechnum are monophyletic, while Blechnum is polyphyletic, because Brainea, Doodia and Sadleria all nest within it. We outline and explain a plan to resolve the polyphyly of Blechnum by recognizing additional, monophyletic, segregate genera.
A positive correlation exists between neurotrauma and TGF‐β1‐containing microglia in rats
Authors: Chio Chung‐Ching , Lin Mao‐Tsun , Chang Ching‐Ping , Lin Hung‐Jung 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundTransforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) regulates many processes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Both Neuro AiD™ (MLC601) and astragaloside (AST) attenuate microglia activation in rats with TBI. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether MLC601 or AST improves output of TBI by affecting microglial expression of TGF‐β1.Materials and methodsAdult male Sprague‐Dawley rats (120 in number) were used to investigate the contribution of TGF‐β1‐containing microglia in the MLC601‐mediated or the AST‐mediated neuroprotection in the brain trauma condition using lateral fluid percussion injury.ResultsPearson correlation analysis revealed that there was a positive correlation between brain injury (evidenced by both brain contused volume and neurological severity score) and the cortical numbers of TGF‐β1‐containing microglia for the rats (n = 12) 4 days post‐TBI. MLC601 or AST significantly (P < 0·05) attenuated TBI‐induced brain contused volume (119 ± 14 mm3 or 108 ± 11 mm3 vs. 160 ± 21 mm3), neurological severity score (7·8 ± 0·3 or 8·1 ± 0·4 vs. 10·2 ± 0·5) and numbers of TGF‐β1‐containing microglia (6% ± 2% or 11% ± 3% vs. 79% ± 7%) for the rats 4 days post‐TBI.ConclusionsThere was a positive correlation between TBI and cortical numbers of TGF‐β1‐containing microglia which could be significantly attenuated by astragaloside or NeuroAiD™ (MLC601) in rats.