bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crop Farmers' Enterprise Information Needs In Reality Television Show Utilization In Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Olajide Rasak , Opeyemi Alabi 
Published: September 2024

The emerging scenario of robust Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services (AEAS) in Africa presupposes the need for Reality Television Shows (RTS) to support AEAS demand and delivery Systems. A variant of the entertainment-education (EE) genre, RTS provides an ample platform for effective AEAS. Given this, this study investigated crop farmers’ information needs in RTS utilization in Oyo State, Nigeria. A four-stage sampling procedure was used to select 140 crop farmers who own a television set randomly, while data was collected with the use of a structured questionnaire on respondents’ characteristics, perceived benefits and constraints to utilization of RTS and information needs on farmers’ crop enterprises from RTS. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means and PPMC at P= 0.05. Findings show that respondents were predominantly male (68.6%), married (65.7%) with tertiary education (40.0%), while mean age, farming experience and annual income were 46.10±13.395years 11.36±8.83years and N464464.29±95,805.94, respectively. The likelihood of RTS to facilitate the adoption of improved technologies (4.41±3.11) and the provision of information on key factors like marketing channels and production cost (2.73±3.11) were some of the perceived benefits by respondents. However, they had reservations about the language barrier (2.3643±4.9081) as a constraint to the maximal exploitation of the potentials of RTS. Respondents’ information need was high for irrigation system (2.61±2.54), harvesting activities (1.96±0.81), and marketing outlets (3.00±2.05), across production, harvesting and marketing information needs. It is recommended that proposed RTS should use local language for RTS dissemination, while addressing the most pressing information needs of the crop farmers.
The effect of bubbling on the germination of Sudan grass seeds
Authors: Madiyeva A.N. , Silantiyeva M.M. 
Published: September 2024

In the article the results of experiments to study the effect of bubbling on the germination of Sudan grass seeds before and after cryopreservation were presented. The obtained statistical data were processed using the R-studio program. We calculated the indicators of humidity and germination energy of Sudan grass seeds, and determined the statistically reliable significance between the control and experimental varieties. To conduct the experiment, a bubbler installation was created from a cylindrical container filled with water and a bubbler to supply oxygen. The results of pre-sowing seed treatment were obtained for 4 varieties of Sudan grass: Nika, Tugai, Alina, Novosibirskaya 84. Bubbling increases seed germination compared to the control by 13 % for the Nika variety, by 7 % for the Novosibirskaya 84 variety. While bubbling after cryopreservation significantly reduces the germination of seeds in the Tugai variety by 25 %, in the Alina variety by 32 %, in the Novosibirskaya 84 variety by 33 %, and in the Nika variety by 7 %. Thus, bubbling, in general, had a positive effect on the germination of Sudan grass seeds and may be one of the methods of pre-sowing seed treatment. As a recommendation for improving the germination of Sudan grass seeds, we suggest using bubbling without cryopreservation.
Predictors of length of postoperative stay following endoscopic skull base surgery with intraoperative CSF leak
Authors: Pang Jonathan C. , Liu Derek H. , Hong Ellen M. , Frank Madelyn , Roman Kelsey M. , Jung Jinho , Abiri Arash , Nguyen Theodore V. , Bitner Benjamin F. , Hsu Frank P. K. , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE
Establishing benchmarks for length of stay (LOS) may inform strategies to improve resource efficiency, decrease costs, and advance care quality. In this study, the authors characterize postoperative LOS in endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) and elucidate prolonging factors.

METHODS
A retrospective chart review was conducted at a tertiary academic center including consecutive adult patients who underwent intradural ESBS with intraoperative CSF leak during primary repair between July 2018 and March 2024. LOS, calculated as the time between the end of anesthesia until discharge from the hospital, comprised the primary outcome. Categorical and continuous independent study variables were assessed for univariate LOS association via the Mann-Whitney U-test and Kendall’s tau-b correlation, respectively, and those with significant associations were included as multiple linear regression inputs.

RESULTS
One hundred sixty-three patients were included, with a median LOS of 4.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.8–5.8) days. LOS was significantly prolonged in high-flow (n = 82) compared with low-flow (n = 81) CSF leak cohorts (median 4.5 [IQR 3.9–6.5] vs 2.9 [IQR 2.1–4.7] days, p = 0.002). Defects involving the anterior cranial fossa (n = 16, median 4.6 [IQR 3.3–7.5)] days), suprasellar region (n = 94, median 4.4 [IQR 3.2–6.4] days), sella (n = 138, median 3.9 [IQR 2.8–5.8] days), or posterior cranial fossa (n = 17, median 4.5 [IQR 3.9–6.5] days) had variable LOSs. On multiple linear regression, after controlling for numerous patient, surgical, and postoperative factors, lesion diameter (B = 0.16, 95% CI 0.048–0.26), bone defect area (B = 0.008, 95% CI 0.001–0.014), anesthesia time (B = 0.015, 95% CI 0.004–0.026), bed rest length (B = 2.34, 95% CI 1.12–3.56), postoperative CSF leak (B = 11.06, 95% CI 4.11–18.01), postoperative meningitis (B = 11.79, 95% CI 4.83–18.74), postoperative stroke/hemorrhage (B = 25.25, 95% CI 18.43–32.06), and postoperative pneumonia (B = 5.59, 95% CI 0.79–10.38) independently predicted overall prolonged LOS.

CONCLUSIONS
With healthcare utilization receiving increased attention, mitigating factors that extend LOS are important. Extent of surgery and certain postoperative complications may constitute key factors prolonging LOS following intradural ESBS with intraoperative CSF leak.
Does pre-irradiation gross tumor volume predict the risk of progression after radiation therapy in pediatric patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma?
Authors: Brooks Tamar , Gao Dexiang , Dorris Kathleen , Boone Karlie , Mirsky David M. , Staulcup Susan , Prince Eric , Moskalenko Marina , Ignowski Elizabeth , Wandrey Narine , Fakhoury Kareem , Hankinson Todd C. , Milgrom Sarah A. 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE
In a cohort of patients who were treated with resection and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP), the authors aimed to determine whether gross tumor volume (GTV) at the initiation of RT was associated with the risk of progressive disease (PD) following treatment.

METHODS
Pediatric and adolescent patients who received surgery and RT for ACP at a single institution from 1998 to 2021 were identified. Univariable Cox regression analyses (UVAs) were performed to assess the association between pre-RT GTV and PD after RT. Multivariable analyses (MVAs) were used to control for potential confounders. Two different endpoints were used to define PD. The first definition was based on radiographic tumor growth, with or without progression of clinical symptoms. The second definition was the requirement for an additional tumor-directed intervention following the completion of RT.

RESULTS
Forty-eight patients were eligible for inclusion. The median age at diagnosis was 7.9 years (range 2.1–17.4 years). All patients were treated with surgery and RT with a median dose of 52.2 Gy (range 45–55.8 Gy) and median GTV of 9.86 cm3 (range 0.7–117.7 cm3). After a median follow-up of 66.4 months, 8 patients experienced PD based on both definitions. The 5-year event-free survival rate was 85.4% (95% CI 74.1%–98.3%). On both UVA and MVA, GTV was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of PD (UVA: HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04, p = 0.02; MVA: HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.19, p = 0.01). However, after exclusion of a single outlier with a GTV of 117.7 cm3 prior to RT (remainder of the cohort: range 0.7–37.3 cm3), a second analysis identified no significant association between GTV and PD (UVA: HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.96–1.10, p = 0.4; MVA: HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.96–1.17, p = 0.24).

CONCLUSIONS
The authors conclude that for most children and adolescents with ACP, the GTV at the initiation of RT is not associated with the risk of PD. This finding may influence surgical practice, because it suggests that aggressive tumor debulking for the purpose of improving the efficacy of RT may not be necessary. In the case of giant tumors, however, novel strategies may be needed for tumor control.
Anti-Covid antibody status in health care professionals of Bangladesh after 3 months of completion of two doses of Covid-19 vaccination
Authors: Nesa Ayatun , Rahman Kazi Muhammad Mahbubur , Ali Abdul , Yesmin Roksana 
Published: September 2024

Background: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease, where huge number of populations was infected, and massive death occurred worldwide for its rapid spread. Naturally produced antibody or artificially given vaccination can only give protection.This study evaluated the anti-Covid antibody status in health care professionals of Bangladesh after 21 days and 3 months of completion of two doses of Covid-19 vaccination.
Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, BIRDEM, Dhaka. Total 100 respondents who had completed two doses of Covid-19 vaccinationwere enrolled according to inclusion criteria. After taking informed written consent a structured questionnaire was filled up for each subject. First sample (3 ml whole blood) was collected after 21 days of completion of 2nd doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and a 2nd sample (3 ml whole blood) was collected again after 3 months.SARS-CoV-2 IgG was estimated by indirect chemiluminescence assay. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 22.
Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 32.09 ± 7.98. Study subjects were divided into two groups: those with history of past Covid infection (PCR positive) (n=33) and those with no evidence of past infection (n=67). SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody level was found significantly reduced after 3 months of completion of vaccination, compared to the titer of 21 days of vaccination. A significant difference of mean SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody level among subjects with and without previous history of Covid 19 infectionwas observedafter 21 days of completion of 2nd dose of Covid 19 vaccination. However, after 3 months of 2nd dose of vaccination no significant differences ofmean SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody level were observed between the groups.
Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody level was significantly reduced after 3 months of completion of two doses of vaccination. Moreover, antibody level was found significantly higher among the study subjects with previous positive H/O of Covid 19 infection compared to subjects without any H/O previous Covid infection. Therefore, this study recommended that, a third booster dose would be necessary to maintain the effectiveness of vaccines.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2023; 34(2): 80-85
PENGARUH PENURUNAN SUHU GAS ALAM DI DALAM COOLER TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PENYERAPAN GAS H2S PADA UNIT ACID GAS REMOVAL
Authors: Afifah Imroatul , Ariani Ariani 
Published: September 2024

Gas alam adalah salah satu sumber daya alam Indonesia yang ketersediaannya melimpah sehingga dilakukan proses pengolahan menjadi gas siap pakai. Salah satu parameter yang menentuka kualitas produk gas yaitu terbebas dari gas asam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penurunan suhu terhadap kemampuan penyerapan gas asam berupa H2S. Proses penyerapan gas asam pada industri ini terjadi di absorber dengan absorbent berupa a-MDEA. Absorber merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk proses penyerapan fluida gas oleh absorbent. Proses absorpsi gas asam oleh a-MDEA di absorber ini memerlukan suhu yang rendah agar lebih maksimal. Oleh karena itu sebelum masuk ke dalam absorber, gas akan didinginkan terlebih dahulu pada unit pendingin. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada saat pergantian shift selama 4 hari. Data menunjukkan bahwa nilai penurunan suhu gas di alat pendingin tidak di pengaruhi oleh jumlah gas alam yang masuk untuk diolah namun dipengaruhi oleh suhu lingkungan sekitar. Nilai penurunan suhu gas terendah per hari umumnya terjadi pada pengambilan data pukul 07.00 WIB yaitu mencapai 16,33 °F dan penurunan suhu gas tertinggi umumnya terjadi pada pengambilan data pukul 23.00 WIB yaitu mencapai 20,06 °F. Sedangkan keberadaan gas H2S terbesar 0,63 ppm dan terkecil 0,02 ppm Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi nilai penurunan suhu gas di alat pendingin, maka kualitas gas yang di hasilkan akan semakin rendah kadar impuritis.
PENENTUAN KECUKUPAN PANAS (F0) PADA OLAHAN PANGAN MELALUI UJI SALMONELLA SP
Authors: Silaturahmi Ari Yesica , Moentamaria Dwina 
Published: September 2024

Makanan siap saji sangat praktis dan diminati karena memiliki masa simpan yang lama. Masalah yang sering timbul adalah masa simpan makanan menjadi lebih pendek karena terdapat mikroorganisme yang tidak diinginkan seperti Salmonella sp. Sterilisasi dengan proses termal merupakan alternatif untuk teknik pengolahan pangan dengan menggunakan autoclave. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menentukan nilai kecukupan panas (F0) pada pengawetan olahan pangan menggunakan metode sterilisasi. Tahapan penelitian adalah i) produk olahan pangan (ayam gulai) dikemas dalam retort pouch dengan vakum dan tersegel rapat, ii) sterilisasi menggunakan autoclave pada suhu 121°C dan 130°C dengan waktu sterilisasi 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, dan 15 menit, iii) penentuan kecukupan panas (F0). Karakterisktik mikrobiologinya melalui uji kemampuan bakteri untuk hidup, didapatkan nilai Decimal Reduction Time (D), Temperature Coeffisient of microbial destruction (Z), efek letalitas (LR), kecukupan panas (F0). Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh total F0 parsial pada suhu 121°C dan 130°C masing-masing adalah 13 menit dan 34 menit. Kondisi ini telah memenuhi standar BPOM nomor 27 tahun 2021 dimana nilai F0 sekurang-kurangnya 3 menit. Hal ini menunjukkan nilai sterilisasi komersial yang baik telah dicapai dan kemasan retort pouch dapat diaplikasikan pada pengawetan makanan dengan menggunakan teknologi sterilisasi.
PENGARUH LAJU ALIR GLISERIN TERHADAP EFISIENSI PERTUKARAN PANAS DALAM SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
Authors: Zidan Muhammad Assabil , Chalim Abdul 
Published: September 2024

Saat ini energi merupakan kebutuhan pokok yang berpengaruh penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Seiring meningkatnya kebutuhan energi terutama di dunia industri kimia, diperlukan suatu usaha untuk melakukan efisiensi pada penggunaan energi tersebut. Oleh karena itu, diibutuhkan suatu alat untuk menyerap sumber panas menggunakan HE (Heat Exchanger) tipe shell and tube. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data konsentrasi fluida gliserin – etanol serta suhu inlet fluida panas dan dingin sehingga didapatkan nilai NTU (Number Transfer Unit) yang optimal. Nilai NTU merupakan tolak ukur perpindahan panas serta menjadi parameter perpindahan panas suatu penukar panas yang tidak berdimensi. Jenis aliran yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah counter-current dengan fluida panas pada tube dan fluida dingin pada shell. Variabel yang digunakan adalah suhu fluida panas 30, 35, 40°C, dan suhu fluida dingin 25°C. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Shell and tube Heat exchanger 1-1. Untuk menentukan efektifitas dilakukan perhitungan ΔTLMTD (Log Mean Temperature Difference) , U (koefisien perpindahan panas), NTU (Number Transfer Unit), dan efektivitas. Nilai efektivitas dan efisiensi alat semakin besar seiring dengan bertambahnya laju alir fluda dingin. Efektivitas dan efisiensi terbesar diperoleh pada laju alir fluida dingin sebesar 1 L/menit yaitu 0,89 dan 86%.
Polyenylphosphatidylcholine alleviates cardiorenal fibrosis, injury and dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats by regulating Plpp3 signaling
Authors: Zhang Yongqiao , Ma Jiayi , Wei Feng , Gong Jiaxin , Zhuang Li , Zhang Ningzhi , Cui Zhaoqiang 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivePolyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC), a significant therapeutic agent for liver repair, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nonetheless, its impact on hypertension and hypertensive vascular diseases requires clarification. Our objective was to elucidate the protective role and mechanism of PPC in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model.Materials and methodsMale WKY and SHRs were randomly assigned to four groups: WKY control, SHRs control, SHRs treated with Telmisartan (SHR-TS), and SHRs treated with PPC (SHR-PPC). Blood pressure was monitored biweekly during the treatment. Histological analyses assessed aortic vascular remodeling and cardiac and renal injuries. RNA-seq was performed on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from WKY or SHRs, and protein levels of target genes were quantified using Western blotting.ResultsIn a dose-dependent screening test, we confirmed that PPC (200 mg/kg/day) effectively reduced blood pressure in SHRs. Treatment with PPC also mitigated cardiac and renal injury in SHRs by attenuating hypertrophy and fibrosis. Compared to WKY rats, SHRs exhibited increased intima thickness, reduced vascular tone, and heightened aortic fibrosis; however, PPC treatment significantly reversed vascular remodeling. Analysis of RNA-seq data revealed that downregulated genes were enriched in inflammation and oxidative stress pathways based on GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. PPC markedly inhibited genes such as Rela, Relb, Nfkb2, and others involved in the NF-κB pathway. Given PPC's influence on glycerophospholipid synthesis and metabolism, and its role in NF-κB-mediated transcription affecting oxidative stress and inflammation, changes in the PLAs, PLPs, and PLPPs families were analyzed in PPC-treated VSMCs. Among these, PPC notably inhibited Plpp3. Importantly, overexpression of Plpp3 significantly reversed the protective effects of PPC on hypertension-related cardiac and renal injuries, vascular fibrosis, remodeling, and tension.ConclusionWe identified a new protective role for PPC in mitigating cardiac and renal injuries associated with hypertension, as well as in preventing aortic fibrosis and remodeling. Targeting the NF-κB/Plpp3 pathway may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for treating vascular diseases related to hypertension.
Sustained decline in birth weight and increased rate of preterm infants born small for gestational age in Japan
Authors: Moriichi Akinori , Kuwahara Erika , Kato Narumi 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundBirth weights have continued to decline in Japan in recent years. However, secular trend changes such as the birth weight relative to the week of gestation remain to be explored. This study aimed to determine the trends over time in mean birth weight and small for gestational age (SGA) rate for each gestational week.MethodsWe used a large dataset of 27,015,792 births obtained from birth certificates between 1997 and 2021. Births from 22 to 41 weeks of gestation were evaluated in six groups (22–24, 25–27, 28–31, 32–33, 34–36, and 37–41 weeks of gestational age). For each group, secular trend changes in the z-scores calculated from standard birth weight values were assessed. Time trends in the proportion of SGA and mean birth weight z-scores were evaluated using the Cochran–Armitage trend test and linear regression analysis. Binomial logistic regression was performed to ascertain the effects of gestational age, sex, primiparity, number of births, and maternal age on the likelihood of SGA.ResultsThe mean birth weight of preterm infants continued to decrease, and the z-score for mean birth weight decreased linearly, falling to −0.7 at 25–27 weeks of gestation from 1997–2001 (first period) to 2017–2021 (final period). Maternal age continued to increase from the first period to the last period for all weeks of gestation. There was a linear increase in the SGA rate in preterm infants born at &lt;34 weeks. Odds ratios for the likelihood of SGA were 1.3 times higher for maternal age ≥40 years than that for 25–29 years (95% CI: 1.29–1.33, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsIn Japan, there has been a continuous decline in birth weight and an increase in the rate of preterm SGA infants.
The effect of upper- and lower-body exercise on next-day postprandial triglycerides in healthy young men
Authors: Zhong Zhentao , Miyachi Motohiko , Tanisawa Kumpei 
Published: September 2024

AimsHigh non-fasting triglycerides (TG) concentration is linked to the development of atherosclerosis, and physical activity is commonly recommended to reduce postprandial TG concentration and cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that acute whole-body (walking and running) or lower-body (leg cycling) aerobic exercise reduces postprandial TG. However, it is unclear whether upper-body exercise (i.e. arm-cranking) with sufficient energy expenditure lowers postprandial TG. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of energy-matched upper- and lower-body exercises on postprandial TG concentrations the next day in healthy young men.Method and MaterialsFifteen healthy young men (age 22.5 ± 1.7 years, height 173.8 ± 5.7 cm, body mass 68.2 ± 8.5 kg, peak oxygen uptake 48.0 ± 5.5 mL/min/kg and physically active) participated in a three-arm crossover trials: 1) arm-cranking, 2) leg-cycling exercise at 70% of mode-specific peak oxygen uptake to induce a net energy expenditure of 1,255 kJ, or 3) rested between 16:00 and 17:00 h on day 1 and consumed two standardised meals for breakfast (10:00 h) and lunch (13:00 h) on day 2. The mean macronutrient content of the breakfast was 44.9 ± 5.6 g fat, 104.8 ± 13.0 g carbohydrate, and 29.4 ± 3.6 g protein, which provided 3.95 ± 0.49 MJ energy (43% fat, 45% carbohydrate, and 12% protein), and that of the lunch was 45.2 ± 5.6 g fat, 106.7 ± 13.2 g carbohydrate, and 33.9 ± 4.2 g protein, which provided 4.06 ± 0.50 MJ energy (42% fat, 44% carbohydrate, and 14% protein).ResultsTime-averaged postprandial serum TG concentrations over 8 h differed among trials (main effect of trial p &lt; 0.001) and were lower in the upper- and lower-body exercise trials than in the control trial (1.46 ± 0.54 vs. 1.50 ± 0.69 vs. 1.79 ± 0.83 mmol/L, respectively). The incremental TG area under the curve (AUC) (main effect of trial, p = 0.012) was 39% and 37% higher in the control trial than in the upper- and lower-body exercise trials (p = 0.025 and p = 0.033, respectively). There were no significant differences in incremental TG AUC between the upper- and lower-body exercise trials.ConclusionAn acute bout of energy-matched upper- and lower-body exercises similarly lowered postprandial TG concentrations the following day in healthy young men.Trial registration number: UMIN000045449.Date of registration: 10 September 2021.