bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasticity in the Meiotic Epigenetic Landscape of Sex Chromosomes inCaenorhabditisSpecies
Authors: Larson Braden J , Van Mike V , Nakayama Taylor , Engebrecht JoAnne 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDuring meiosis in the heterogametic sex in some species, sex chromosomes undergo meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI), which results in acquisition of repressive chromatin and transcriptional silencing. In Caenorhabditis elegans, MSCI is mediated by MET-2 methyltransferase deposition of histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation. Here we examined the meiotic chromatin landscape in germ lines of four Caenorhabditis species; C. remanei and C. brenneri represent ancestral gonochorism, while C. briggsae and C. elegans are two lineages that independently evolved hermaphroditism. While MSCI is conserved across all four species, repressive chromatin modifications are distinct and do not correlate with reproductive mode. In contrast to C. elegans and C. remanei germ cells where X chromosomes are enriched for histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation, X chromosomes in C. briggsae and C. brenneri germ cells are enriched for histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation. Inactivation of C. briggsae MET-2 resulted in germ-line X chromosome transcription and checkpoint activation. Further, both histone H3 lysine 9 di- and trimethylation were reduced in Cbr-met-2 mutant germ lines, suggesting that in contrast to C. elegans, H3 lysine 9 di- and trimethylation are interdependent. C. briggsae H3 lysine 9 trimethylation was redistributed in the presence of asynapsed chromosomes in a sex-specific manner in the related process of meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin. However, these repressive marks did not influence X chromosome replication timing. Examination of additional Caenorhabditis species revealed diverse H3 lysine 9 methylation patterns on the X, suggesting that the sex chromosome epigenome evolves rapidly.
Ritos funerarios católicos en el Valle Central de la Costa Rica del siglo XIX
Authors: Fernández Esquivel Patricia , Chacón Hidalgo Manuel 
Published: June 2016

<p>El estudio de la muerte en Costa Rica ha sido abordado por historiadores sobre todo para los siglos XVII, XVIII y por antropólogos para el siglo XX. El siglo XIX no ha sido objeto de estudios profundos que analicen los ritos funerarios y su significado social. En este trabajo se hace una revisión exploratoria con algunas fuentes primarias pero sobre todo con fuentes secundarias, acerca de algunos ritos funerarios católicos característicos del siglo XIX y algunos de los cambios que se dieron en ellos a lo largo del siglo en estudio.</p><p> </p>
Bakterielle Harnwegsinfektionen bei Katzen
Authors: Vopelius-Feldt Clara von , Wolf Georg , Mueller Ralf S. , Straubinger Reinhard K. , Hartmann Katrin , Dorsch Roswitha 
Published: June 2016

ZusammenfassungZiel: Ermittlung der Prävalenz prädisponierender Begleiterkrankungen (BE) bei Katzen mit bakteriellen Harnwegsinfektionen (HWI) und der Prävalenz von Bakterienspezies bei verschiedenen BE sowie deren Sensibilität gegenüber den bei HWI häufig eingesetzten Antibiotika Doxycyclin, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazol (TMS), Amoxicillin-Clavulansäure (AMC), Cephalothin und Enrofloxacin. Material und Methoden: In die retrospektive Studie wurden Katzen mit positiver Urinkultur im Zeitraum 2003–2009 eingeschlossen. Basierend auf den Daten der Krankenakten erfolgte eine Einteilung in vier Gruppen: Katzen mit systemischen prädisponierenden BE, Katzen mit lokalen prädisponierenden BE, Katzen mit Harnblasendauerkathetern (HBDK) und Katzen ohne dokumentierte BE. Zur Ermittlung der wahrscheinlichen Effektivität der Antibiotika wurden deren antimikrobielle Impact-Faktoren berechnet. Ergebnisse: In die Studie gingen 194 Katzen mit 219 bakteriellen Isolaten ein. Davon wiesen 78,4% (152/194) eine BE auf. 49,5% (96/194) hatten eine systemische BE und 28,9% (56/194) hatten eine lokale BE oder einen HBDK. Katzen mit systemischen BE waren signifikant älter als Katzen der anderen Gruppen und häufiger weiblich als Katzen mit lokaler BE und HBDK. Mehr als 50% der Katzen mit systemischer BE zeigten keine klinischen Symptome einer Erkrankung des unteren Harntrakts. Escherichia (E.) coli, gefolgt von Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. und Enterococcus spp. waren die am häufigsten vorkommenden Isolate. Dabei lag der Anteil der E.-coli-Isolate bei Katzen mit systemischer BE signifikant höher, während bei Katzen mit HBDK und Katzen mit anderen lokalen BE der Anteil an Streptococcus- und Staphylococcus-spp.-Isolaten signifikant höher war. Bei Katzen mit lokaler BE und Katzen mit HBDK ergaben sich niedrigere antimikrobielle Impact-Faktoren als bei Katzen der anderen Gruppen. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Ein Großteil der Katzen mit HWI leidet unter einer prädisponierenden BE. Katzen mit systemischer BE zeigen häufig keine Symptome einer Erkrankung des unteren Harntrakts. AMC und TMS waren in dieser Katzenpopulation die Antibiotika mit den höchsten antimikrobiellen Impact-Faktoren.
Violencia contra la mujer en el plano jurídico internacional y colombiano
Authors: Triana Martínez Alba Nidia 
Published: June 2016

<p>El artículo trata, en primer lugar, acerca del panorama legislativo acordado en los organismos internacionales de Derechos Humanos en relación con el tema de la violencia contra la mujer. Para éste análisis se hace énfasis en los articulados que tratan la violencia doméstica en la relación de pareja. En segundo lugar, se establece la correlación entre los instrumentos jurídicos internacionales y la construcción de una normatividad en Colombia orientada a proteger los derechos fundamentales de las mujeres al interior de la familia. En tercer lugar, se hace un análisis acerca del impacto de la normatividad en el ámbito de la realidad familiar colombiana en la actualidad.</p><p>This article discuss about, in first place, concerning the legislative tune in international human right organisms in relation violence against woman’s for this analysis we make emphasis in does articles that treat domestic violence in couple relationship. In second place, them selves establish a reciprocal way between international jurist instrument and a construction of a model in Colombia orientated to protect the fundamental rights of woman inside they family. In third place, we do analysis about the impact</p><p> </p>
El deseo sexual, la fantasía narcisista y la violencia
Authors: Ortiz de Zárate Amaya 
Published: June 2016

<p>La construcción de una representación simbólica de lo femenino es uno de los problemas urgentes de la cultura de nuestro tiempo. Las relaciones amorosas ponen en juego todas las fantasías en las que se sostiene la identidad intersubjetiva: comunicativa: dual. Pero afrontar la relación sexual supone antes o después ser defraudado por el objeto fascinante puesto en juego en el escenario de la seducción. Saber atravesar ese momento es el saber propio de lo femenino en el lance del cortejo. La mujer cita y se ofrece como objeto de deseo, consciente de que lo que ofrece al yo es la muerte. Si lo consigue, el deseo narcisista atraviesa el espejo y el Sujeto puede hacer una experiencia del Otro real -el otro sexo. Si fracasa, el amante capturado en el juego de reflexión de los espejos, puede optar por quebrarlo.</p><p><strong>Palabras Clave</strong>:</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The construction of a symbolic representation of the feminine is an urgent task our culture is required to face up. Love relationships cause all fantasies supporting communicative, dual intersubjectivity to come into play. Yet, facing up sexual relations results, soon or later, in the disappointment about the fascinating object staged within the seduction secene. How to manage to go through such situation is a distinctive knowledge belonging to feminine that intervenes in courtship. Being aware that they offer the Ego the Death, women incite, and offer themselves as being the object of desire. If they succeed, then the narcissistic desire will cross the mirror, and it will be possible for the Subject to experience the real Other, i.e., the other sex. If she fails, the lover, captured in the net of mirror reflections, may opt to break the mirror.</p>
El "care", un debate abierto: de las políticas de tiempos al "social care"
Authors: Martín Palomo María Teresa 
Published: June 2016

<p>La forma en que se definen los cuidados varía de unos estudios a otros, lo que, en consecuencia, tiene sus implicaciones tanto en la investigación como en las políticas<br />que derivan de los diferentes enfoques. En el artículo se propone una reflexión a partir del prolífero e inacabado debate sobre el „care’ que está desarrollándose en los últimos años en el entorno europeo. En primer lugar, se exploran las posibilidades que presenta la herramienta conceptual „domesticación del trabajo‟ para analizar la complejidad que presentan los cuidados para su análisis, así como su especificidad al incorporar además de los aspectos materiales, los aspectos afectivos y los morales. En segundo lugar, se revisa la noción care en tanto que permite incorporar en el análisis las tres dimensiones<br />anteriormente señaladas (materialidad, moral y emociones). En tercer lugar, se revisa la propuesta del modelo social care como una forma de pensar sobre la responsabilidad moral y política de los cuidados, así como el valor social (reconocimiento) que éstos tienen. Frente a las políticas de conciliación, que han tenido, como efecto paradójico, la consagración de la doble jornada para las mujeres, el modelo social care revisa la forma en que se organizará la provisión social del care implicando a los diferentes actores sociales, entroncando así con las propuestas realizadas desde los años 80 sobre políticas de tiempos. Todo ello implica un replanteamiento de la responsabilidad moral y política de los cuidados. El debate está abierto.<br /><br />The way in which care is defined, varies from one study to another, and in consequence, has its implications both in the research as in the policies that arise from the different<br />approaches. On the article, a reflection is proposed starting from the prolific and unfinished debate about „care‟ which has taken place in the last years in Europe. First of all, we explore the possibilities of the theoretical tool domestication of work”, whereas it constitutes a useful conceptual proposal to rethink the different types of work, as well as the social value that they have, when incorporating, besides the material aspects, the emotional and moral dimensions. Secondly, it is explored the notion of care, while it allows to include in its analysis the three dimensions previously indicated (material, moral and emotions). Finally, the model of social care is proposed as a form of reflection about the moral responsibility of care and its social value (recognition).<br />Confronting the conciliation policies that have produced, paradoxically, the adoption of the double work turn for women, the social care model re-examines the way in which the social provision of care will be organised, involving the different social actors, thus connecting with the proposals made since the 80‟s about time policies. All this implies to rethink the moral and political responsibility of care. The debate is open.<br /><br /></p><p> </p>
Estereotipos de género y denominación de personajes en la letra de las canciones tradicionales
Authors: Hidalgo Márquez María Belén 
Published: June 2016

<p>Desde siempre, la música ha estado estrechamente unida a la sociedad en la que se encontraba inmersa. Su vinculación con una cultura determinada, ha ocasionado que esté influenciada por las características sociales, económicas, políticas… de un determinado momento. Precisamente, es en la letra de las canciones tradicionales, transmitidas oralmente, dónde podemos encontrar los rasgos más característicos de una forma concreta de “ver el mundo”. Con este artículo queremos describir la manera en la que los personajes de las canciones aparecen en el texto de las mismas, mostrando así las diferencias a la hora de nombrarlos dependiendo de su sexo.</p><p> Traditionally, music has been closely linked to the society in which it was immersed. Its association with a particular culture has caused it to be influenced by the social, economic, political features... of a particular time. It is precisely in the lyrics of traditional songs, handed down orally, where we can find the most characteristic features of a particular form of “seeing the world”. In this article we describe the manner in which the characters of the songs appear in their lyrics, thus showing the differences at the time of naming them depending on gender.</p>
La crisis imperial de la monarquía española
Authors: Portillo Valdés José M 
Published: June 2016

<p class="Standard"><span lang="ES">En este ensayo se aborda el proceso histórico de la crisis de la monarquía española de 1808 desde una perspectiva global. Como es sabido, la monarquía a la que hacen referencia todos los textos y reflexiones políticas de aquel crucial momento daban por entendido que no se referían a lo que sólo muy posteriormente se conoció como España sino a un complejo conglomerado territorial. Lo que singulariza la crisis española es el hecho de que se generalizara en toda aquella geografía en sus distintas fases. Tanto la crisis del espacio imperial como los intentos de solucionarla por medio de las juntas creadas por los pueblos fueron experiencias globales. También lo fueron los distintos proyectos de solución constitucional. Es por ello que este ensayo propone como planteamiento de fondo que únicamente desde esa misma mirada atlántica es posible interpretar correctamente la crisis de 1808. De otro modo, desde la perspectiva nacional respectiva, sólo estaremos prolongando una suerte de historia provincial.</span></p><p class="Standard"> </p>
Extra-axial dedifferentiated chordoma: A case report with brachyury immunohistochemical confirmation, literature review and pathologists’ perspective
Authors: Henderson-Jackson Evita Bonita , Caracciolo Jaime , Letson Douglas , Bui Marilyn 
Published: June 2016

<p>Dedifferentiated chordoma is a rare and aggressive malignant bone tumor. It is known as a variant of conventional chordoma, which possesses additional high-grade sarcomatous elements. Dedifferentiated chordoma is commonly identified in axial location as recurrences, or following radiation therapy of primary tumors. Prognosis is poor and there is a potential risk for metastasis. There have been only a few reports of primary dedifferentiated chordoma. Owing to its rarity, especially when it is in an unusual extra-axial location, primary dedifferentiated chordoma presents a diagnostic challenge. Brachyury, a recently described immunohistochemical marker specific for chordoma, has improved the diagnostic accuracy of chordoma and its variants in extra-axial sites. We herein report an exceptional case of extra-axial dedifferentiated chordoma confirmed by the expression of brachyury, the first case report of this kind. The review of relevant literature and discussion of practical diagnostic approach from sarcoma pathologists’ perspective are intended to provide an update of this topic. </p>
Digital dermoscopy to determine skin melanin index as an objective indicator of skin pigmentation
Authors: Majewski Sara , Carneiro Chantelle , Ibler Erin , Boor Peter , Tran Gary , Martini Mary C , Di Loro Salvatore , Rademaker Alfred W. , West Dennis P. , Nardone Beatrice 
Published: June 2016

<p class="Body">Clinical assessment of skin photosensitivity is subjectively determined by erythema and tanning responses to sunlight recalled by the subject, alternatively known as Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype (SPT). Responses may be unreliable due to recall bias, subjective bias by clinicians and subjects, and lack of cultural sensitivity of the questions. Analysis of red-green-blue (RGB) color spacing of digital images may provide an objective determination of SPT. This paper presents the studies to assess the melanin index (MI), as determined by RGB images obtained by both standard digital camera as well as by videodermoscope, and to correlate the MI with SPT based upon subjects’ verbal responses to standardized questions administered by a dermatologist.<br /> A sample of subjects representing all SPTs I–VI was selected. Both the digital camera and videodermoscope were calibrated at standard illumination, light source and white balance. Images of constitutive skin of the upper ventral arm were taken of each subject using both instruments.<strong> </strong>The studies showed that 58 subjects (20 M, 38 F) were enrolled in the study (mean age: 47 years; range: 20–89), stratified to skin phototype I–VI. MI obtained by using both digital camera and videodermoscope increased significantly as the SPT increased (<em>p</em> = 0.004 and <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001, respectively) and positively correlated with dermatologist-assessed SPT (Spearman correlation, <em>r</em> = 0.48 and <em>r</em> = 0.84, respectively).<strong> </strong>Digital imaging can quantify melanin content in order to quantitatively approximate skin pigmentation in all skin phototypes including Type VI skin. This methodology holds promise as a simple, non-invasive, rapid and objective approach to reliably determine skin phototype and, with further investigation, may prove to be both practical and useful in the prediction of skin cancer risk.</p>
EFICIÊNCIA DO TRATAMENTO ANAERÓBIO NA REMOÇÃO DE HORMÔNIOS VETERINÁRIOS DO DEJETO LÍQUIDO SUÍNO
Authors: Gotardo Rafael , Pinheiro Adilson , Kaufmann Vander 
Published: June 2016

<p> A contribuição de hormônios ao meio ambiente está ligada diretamente à eficiência da remoção de tais moléculas nas plantas de tratamento de águas residuárias. A remoção depende das características do efluente e dos processos adotados. O dejeto líquido suíno é o principal contribuinte de hormônios entre os resíduos do agronegócio. Sua concentração pode variar entre empresas integradoras, manejo, fase de criação, sexo e idade dos animais. Atualmente, a maior parte dos dejetos suínos é armazenada em esterqueiras por um período de 120 dias estabelecido pela legislação, e é posteriormente aplicada em lavouras como fertilizantes. Diante disso, neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a variabilidade das concentrações de hormônios durante a fase de terminação dos suínos, para diferentes manejos de empresas integradoras e a eficiência de remoção no sistema de tratamento (esterqueiras). O trabalho consistiu na seleção de três granjas produtoras de suínos de diferentes empresas, com criação de suínos na fase de terminação, instaladas no Município de Piratuba, SC. As coletas foram realizadas entre fevereiro e maio de 2013, durante o período de terminação dos suínos, que variou de 115 a 120 dias. As amostras foram coletadas em triplicata nas calhas coletoras de dejeto (resíduo líquido não tratado), e uma última coleta foi realizada na esterqueira após os 120 dias de armazenamento. Para cada uma das amostras foi avaliada a concentração dos hormônios 17α-estradiol, 17β-estradiol, 17α-etinilestradiol, progesterona e mestranol. Nota-se que a tecnificação influenciou nas concentrações médias dos hormônios analisados. A molécula 17α-estradiol apresentou um aumento em suas contrações durante o ciclo. As demais moléculas não tiveram variação significativa ou não foram quantificadas ao longo do tempo. As esterqueiras apresentaram eficiência de 8,93% na remoção das concentrações de 17α-estradiol; em compensação, ocorreu um aumento de 54,21% nas concentrações de 17β-estradiol. Acredita-se que durante o processo de tratamento pode ter ocorrido conversão do 17α-estradiol em 17β-estradiol.</p><p>Palavras-chave: Suinocultura. Poluentes emergentes. Tratamento de águas residuárias.</p>
¿Qué atributos busca el consumidor en prendas de vestir? Un análisis aplicado al mercado de la indumentaria en Argentina. What does the consumer look for? An analysis of clothing market in Argentina
Authors: Belmartino Andrea , Liseras Natacha , Berges Miriam 
Published: June 2016

<p><strong>Resumen:</strong></p><p>El principal objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las decisiones de compra de los consumidores de productos de la industria textil-confecciones con marca y diseño. Para ello, mediante un abordaje cuantitativo, se encuestó, dentro de locales comerciales de indumentaria, tanto a compradores como a no compradores. El estudio se realizó en la ciudad de Mar del Plata (Argentina). Los principales resultados indican que los factores que inciden en la decisión efectiva de compra corresponden a atributos del producto, tales como calidad y diseño, a los esfuerzos de la firma en la fidelización de los clientes y a características propias del consumidor.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p><p>The aim of this research is to analyze purchase decisions of textile products with brand and design. The information was gathered through a quantitative approach applied in textile stores, surveying both purchasers and non-purchasers. The study takes place in the city of Mar del Plata (Argentina). The main results indicate that the factors which influence effective decision of purchase are related to the product, such as quality and design, to the effort of the firm to gain the loyalty of customers, and to consumer characteristics.</p>
Models of Postnatal Care for Low-Income Countries: A Review of the Literature Abstract
Authors: Pascal Marie C. , Homer Caroline S. E. 
Published: June 2016

PURPOSE:This review aims to identify the key features of effective models of postnatal care involving midwifery personnel and to determine which models may be appropriate for implementation in low-income countries.STUDY DESIGN:A narrative synthesis of English language, peer-reviewed articles from 2004 to 2014 was undertaken. Four online library databases were searched. Inclusion/exclusion criterion and a quality appraisal were applied.MAJOR FINDINGS:Twenty-two studies were included in the review, but only 4 were from low-income countries. Midwifery-led models of postnatal care are cost-effective to provide high-quality care in every settings for every women in respect of 2 core components of quality care that are woman-centered care and continuity of care. Midwifery postnatal care is provided at hospital, in community settings, and at home, all presenting different strengths and weaknesses. Combinations of models of midwifery postnatal care and collaboration between stakeholders have had positive impacts on the quality of postnatal care. To be completely effective, this requires a better management and support of midwifery personnel though. Women and midwifery personnel’s satisfaction needs to be considered to identify the local means and needs and to plan a suitable model of midwifery postnatal care at each location.MAIN CONCLUSION:Low-income countries could develop a midwifery-led model of postnatal care. This will require identifying women and midwifery personnel’s needs and the available resources and involving the stakeholders collaboratively to provide a suitable model of midwifery postnatal care. Education and practice will need to be addressed as well as promotion to the population. There is a need to conduct more research on midwifery postnatal care in low-income countries to evaluate how to best use them and what aspect of the midwifery postnatal care can be strengthened.