bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DSOA e Padrões de Segurança aplicados em Web Services<BR>DSOA and safety standards applied in web services
Authors: Prass Fábio Sarturi 
Published: November 2015

As organizações enfrentam uma série de problemas para atender às exigências previstas pelas normas e modelos de segurança de software, além do aumento contínuo das exigências relacionadas à segurança em sistemas. Uma série de normas e modelos de segurança estão disponíveis na literatura a fim de conduzirem o desenvolvimento de software seguro. Para resolver esse problema tem se os padrões que são amplamente utilizados em Engenharia de Software onde eles têm sido bem sucedidas na melhoria da análise e projeto por encapsular a experiência de muitos designers. Padrões de segurança são um desenvolvimento recente, como forma de encapsular o conhecimento acumulado sobre o design de sistemas de segurança. Apresenta se aqui dois padrões para a Web Services: Authentication and Authorization com utilização de Aspectos.
“Critica del Giornalismo”, “Ipotesi di Rifondazione” e messagi nella bottiglia<BR>“Critique of Journalism”, “Hypothesis of re-foundation” and message in the bottle
Authors: Cecconi Cristina 
Published: November 2015

Neste artigo, com um formato diverso dos demais, e, além disto, escrito e publicado em língua italiana, a jornalista Cristina Cecconi, a partir da narrativa de episódios de sua formação profissional, discute a respeito da crítica do jornalismo e hipótese de refundação desta área do conhecimento e campo de aplicação.
The effect of gender on refusal of suggestion in formal and informal situations among Iranian learners
Authors: Rahbar Behzad , Oroji Mohammad Reza , Hedayatnejad Fariba 
Published: November 2015

<p>The knowledge of the speech acts of refusals has crucial role in our daily communication, because of the interlocutor’s face, politeness, and face threatening act. This study aims to investigate the gender differences in realization of the usage of proper strategies of refusal of suggestion in formal and informal situations. The participants consisted of 60 (30 females and 30 males) in intermediate level of language proficiency, in Zaban Negar institute of Tehran, Iran as EFL context. The instrument which is used in eliciting the data is Discourse Completion Test (DCT) that is in open ended form and composed of 18 situations that included refusal to a person of acquaintance, intimacy, and stranger among female and male learners. In this study, there are two DCT which are designed separately for female and male groups, and participants should put themselves in each situation and answer the question up to 20 minutes. Data was analyzed due to the frequency types of refusals which are applied to interlocutor's social distance by calculating the frequency statistics and in order to find any significant difference and to compare the differences chi-square was computed. The findings revealed that the frequency of applied refusals of suggestion was different among the learners to people with different levels of social distance. According to chi square analysis, the realization of applied strategies of the refusal of suggestion depends on the different social distances. The frequency of realized and applied strategies in formal and informal situation in refusal of suggestion is not statistically different between the female and male participants.</p><p>Keywords: speech acts of refusals, suggestion, gender, formal and informal situation, refusal strategies</p>
Capacity building through integration and transformational leadership - A case study
Authors: Stocklin Sacha Michael 
Published: November 2015

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0.25in 0pt 0in; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';" lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-size: small;">This article suggests that educational managers can have an influence through leadership by establishing certain moderators that integrate and shape the faculty into a solid team working towards a high performing organisation. The study looks at a case in China and draws suggestions that could be used in other similar settings. The conclusion is to make integration a crucial part of capacity building.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0.25in 0pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"> </p>
American Accreditation: Why do it?
Authors: Prince Deborah 
Published: November 2015

<p><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"> <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 10pt;">A review of the history and purpose of accreditation followed by a brief case study of how a small specialist institution outside of the USA went through the process of becoming accredited. The changes needed inside the curriculum and inside the organization in order to make this significant organizational development are reviewed and discussed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The paper concludes with some discussion as to why a non-US based institution might decide to become accredited by an outside agency.</span></span></p><p> </p>
Bi-Lingual Teaching and Learning: Effectiveness and Challenges in Postgraduate Studies
Authors: Ling Lee Kar 
Published: November 2015

<p>The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the use of bilingual teaching and learning methodology for Vietnamese postgraduate students from 2011-2012. Overall, the findings indicated relatively positive outcomes in most of the spectrum evaluated or assessed. These findings were then compared with previous researches and to ascertain the applicability to fundamental theories underpinning bilingual education to determine the correlation between theory and practice. This research provided an in-depth contextual based research that contributed to an extensive understanding of the effectiveness of the adoption of bilingual teaching and learning at postgraduate level within ASEAN countries. The research will also provide a platform for development nations to gain accesses to the required knowledge, skills, capabilities, and competencies that have thus far eluded them due to language barrier, thereby providing these nations with the impetus to grow and develop further as a nation via the effective development of the country’s human capital.</p> <p> </p>
Keeping Students in by Sending Them out: Retention and Service-Learning
Authors: Yob Iris Mae 
Published: November 2015

<p>This review of recent literature examines the research on the impact of service-learning on student retention. The theoretical framework of the review draws on both Tinto’s model of student attrition and Knowles’s theory of adult learning, which together suggest that academic and social integration, active participation and engagement in learning, and application and relevancy of the subject-matter under study are key factors in student success. The role of these factors has been confirmed in a growing body of research around learning experiences in general and, as this review shows, particularly in service-learning experiences. Suggestions are made for how future research might expand and critically deepen this evidence and offers some implications for service-learning as a means of improving student retention.</p>
Main Allergens Observed in Patients with Contact Dermatitis in a Brazilian Population Group
Authors: Calamita Zamir , Cristina Rizzo Alonso Ana , Carla Oliveira da Costa Lorena , Bronhara Pelá Calamita Andrea 
Published: November 2015

Background: The skin contact test or patch test is considered to be a fundamental tool for investigating allergic
contact dermatitis (ACD). Better knowledge on the prevalence of allergens in the environment is a good strategy for
enabling a better approach towards contact dermatitis (CD) cases.
Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of the main allergens of ACD in a population
group in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
Methods: The results from 368 patch tests on adult patients with CD were evaluated through a retrospective study under
the supervision of the Discipline of Allergy and Clinical Immunopathology and the Discipline of Dermatology at the
Marília Medical School.
Results: Mean age was 41.2 (± 17.2) years, with predomination of women (71.5%). The majority of the patients (91.3%)
presented reactivity to at least one substance. Nickel sulfate and the perfume mix stood out as the most allergenic
substances.
Conclusion: Among the variety of substances to be tested in an etiological investigation for CD, perfumes and nickel are
especially likely to be allergens in this population group.
Maintenance of Goal Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and A1C Levels in Veterans With Type 2 Diabetes After Discharge From a Pharmacist-Managed Ambulatory Care Clinic
Authors: Erwin P. Benjamin , Pitlick Matthew K. , Peters Golden L. 
Published: November 2015

Objective. This study evaluated the ability of patients with type 2 diabetes to maintain systolic blood pressure (SBP), LDL cholesterol, and A1C at goal levels after being discharged from a pharmacist-managed ambulatory care clinic. The goals of this study were to 1) document the length of time to failure of maintenance of each goal and 2) characterize risk factors that may be associated with a shorter time to failure.
Methods. Researchers reviewed the medical records of veterans with diabetes who were discharged from the clinical pharmacy ambulatory care clinic between 1 July 2007 and 30 June 2009 after attaining their goal SBP, LDL cholesterol, or A1C. The time to goal failure, medical history, laboratory data, medications, demographic information, and clinic appointment attendance were documented.
Results. A total of 69 patients who were discharged from the clinic after meeting their SBP, LDL cholesterol, or A1C goal subsequently failed to maintain that goal. The mean time to failure was 9.4 months (SD 8.75 months) for SBP, 25.8 months (27.45 months) for LDL cholesterol, and 20.4 months (15.1 months) for A1C. Multiple risk factors were associated with a shorter time to failure of maintenance of SBP and A1C goals.
Conclusion. Veterans with type 2 diabetes in this study demonstrated durable maintenance of their goal LDL cholesterol and A1C levels after being discharged from a pharmacist-managed ambulatory care clinic. However, maintenance of xSBP goals did not demonstrate the same durability. Patients who meet their SBP goal may benefit from receiving continued disease state management services from a pharmacist-managed ambulatory care clinic instead of being discharged to receive their usual care.
Characterization of Microbial Communities in Household Washing Machines
Authors: Nix Ilka D. , Frontzek André , Bockmühl Dirk P. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAlthough microbial contaminations of domestic appliances are believed to gain importance, especially due to the trend towards lower cleaning temperatures, little is known about the existing microbial communities inside household washing machines. This study aimed to improve the knowledge of microbial composition of biofilms within household washing machines using a cultural-independent technology. Biofilms inside the detergent drawer and the rubber door seal of household washing machines were analysed using the 454-pyrosequencing method. The microbial community inside washing machines appeared to be highly diverse with Proteobacteria as the main prokaryotic and Basidiomycota and Ascomycota as the main fungal colonizers.
Hygiene in Domestic Laundering – Consumer Behavior in Germany
Authors: Lambert Edith , Bichler Sandra , Stamminger Rainer 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess consumers' behavior in home hygiene with particular attention paid to hygiene in laundering. In this way, the applications of washing temperatures and detergents on textiles are evaluated. The data were obtained by using a questionnaire distributed at the “Action Day Sustainable Washing” arranged annually. The results of this sample provide a relevant insight into consumers' behavior: The consumer can generally estimate the level of infection risk coming from the different textiles. However, the majority of high risk textiles, such as cleaning cloths, are washed with detergents that do not contain any bleaching system. In view of the washing temperatures applied, the results indicate differences between the generations. This study clearly demonstrates the need for enhanced consumer communication regarding hygiene effectiveness in laundering.
Effect of Tween 40 and Tween 60 on the Properties of a Cationic Slow-Set Emulsifier
Authors: Li Zhenfeng , Pang Jinyu 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe properties of a cationic slow-set emulsifier named INDULIN SBT in the absence and presence of Tween 40 and Tween 60 is investigated in this paper. After adding Tween 40 and Tween 60, the interfacial tension and dilatational modulus of SBT have remarkable changes. Compared with the pure SBT system, the interfacial properties of the mixed surfactant systems are improved obviously, especially if the ratio of the mixtures is 1 : 1. The Zeta potentials are also the lowest with favorable storage stability in these systems. At suitable ratios, synergistic adsorption may take place, resulting in remarkable enhanced interfacial properties. The combination of SBT and Tween 40 as well as Tween 60 could be used as surfactant mixtures applied in asphalt emulsions.
Combination of Best Promoter and Micellar Catalyst for Chromic Acid Oxidation of D-Arabinose in Aqueous Media at Room Temperature
Authors: Malik Suzanna , Saha Bidyut 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe present paper describes the kinetics and mechanism for oxidation of D-arabinose by Cr(VI) in the presence of a micellar media. The anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and nonionic surfactant Triton-X-100 (TX-100) accelerate the process while the cationic surfactant N-cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) retards the reaction. A suitable mechanism has been proposed. The reaction constants involved in different steps of the mechanism have been calculated. Formic acid and erythronic acid were reported as the products of oxidation of the sugar.
‘I Didn't Want to Write This’: The Social Embeddedness of Translating Moonsighting Verses of the Qur'an into Swahili
Authors: van de Bruinhorst Gerard C. 
Published: November 2015

As a result of increasing globalisation the public sphere has expanded over the recent decades. Consequently Qur'an translations increasingly exhibit a highly pluralised concept of religious authority, demonstrating an eclectic use of sources as authors respond simultaneously to local and global discourses. This paper shows how the commentary in a popularising Swahili tafsīr by the preacher Said Moosa al-Kindy on two particular Qur'an verses, Q. 2:185 and Q. 2:189, cannot be understood as the outcome of theological and linguistic considerations only, but rather as a multi-epistemic, socially embedded product.Q. 2:185 and Q. 2:189 are often used to endorse particular viewpoints in East African moon sighting debates. This discourse revolves about the question of whether to accept a crescent sighting report from anywhere in the world to determine the beginning of the lunar month or to wait for a visible moon from a more restricted locality. This paper situates al-Kindy's translation within the wider field of Swahili Qur'an commentaries and compares his treatment of these verses to that in two scholarly products from outside the established genre of tafsīr. One is the polemical discourse on this subject by an Ibadi intellectual writing in Swahili and the second is the lunar calendar and website produced by a Tanzanian book trader. In all three of these works Qur'anic authority is paramount, but if we want to understand the diverse mediations of the Qur'anic message in a specific milieu we should not only look at the influence of exegetical traditions but also focus on social actors and their very personal, localised experiences.
Proposal for a Candidate Core Set of Fitness and Strength Tests for Patients with Childhood or Adult Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies
Authors: van der Stap Djamilla K.D. , Rider Lisa G. , Alexanderson Helene , Huber Adam M. , Gualano Bruno , Gordon Patrick , van der Net Janjaap , Mathiesen Pernille , Johnson Liam G. , Ernste Floranne C. , Feldman Brian M. , Houghton Kristin M. , Singh-Grewal Davinder , Kutzbach Abraham Garcia , Munters Li Alemo , Takken Tim ,   on behalf of the International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies Group
Published: November 2015

Objective.Currently there are no evidence-based recommendations regarding fitness and strength tests for patients with childhood or adult idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). This hinders clinicians and researchers in choosing the appropriate fitness- or muscle strength-related outcome measures for these patients. Through a Delphi survey, we aimed to identify a candidate core set of fitness and strength tests for children and adults with IIM.Methods.Fifteen experts participated in a Delphi survey that consisted of 5 stages to achieve a consensus. Using an extensive search of published literature and through the work of experts, a candidate core set based on expert opinion and clinimetrics properties was developed. Members of the International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies Group were invited to review this candidate core set during the final stage, which led to a final candidate core set.Results.A core set of fitness- and strength-related outcome measures was identified for children and adults with IIM. For both children and adults, different tests were identified and selected for maximal aerobic fitness, submaximal aerobic fitness, anaerobic fitness, muscle strength tests, and muscle function tests.Conclusion.The core set of fitness- and strength-related outcome measures provided by this expert consensus process will assist practitioners and researchers in deciding which tests to use in patients with IIM. This will improve the uniformity of fitness and strength tests across studies, thereby facilitating the comparison of study results and therapeutic exercise program outcomes among patients with IIM.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibition in Ankylosing Spondylitis and Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: Treatment Response, Drug Survival, and Patient Outcome
Authors: Corli Justine , Flipo René-Marc , Philippe Peggy , Bera-Louville Anne , Béhal Hélène , Wibaux Cécile , Paccou Julien 
Published: November 2015

Objective.The purpose of this study was to (1) evaluate baseline characteristics of nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) treated with tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors (TNFi), (2) assess the response to first TNFi treatment, and (3) compare drug-survival duration and rates.Methods.Inclusion criteria were patients with axSpA who initiated first TNFi treatment between April 2001 and July 2014 and were followed up for at least 3 months. Efficacy criteria were an improvement of at least 2 points (on a 0–10 scale) or a 50% improvement in the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). Baseline characteristics, responses at 12 months, and drug survival were compared between AS and nr-axSpA.Results.A total of 361 patients were included in the study (AS, n = 263 and nr-axSpA, n = 98). Patients with AS were more often men (65.02% vs 45.92%, p = 0.001) and had longer symptom duration (11.71 ± 9.52 vs 7.34 ± 9.30 yrs, p < 0.001). Median levels of acute-phase reactants (C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate) were significantly higher in patients with AS (p < 0.001 for both). Median BASDAI scores at first TNFi initiation were not higher in patients with nr-axSpA than in patients with AS (59, 49–70 vs 60, 50–70, p = 0.73). BASDAI 20 and BASDAI 50 response rates at 12 months were not statistically different between patients with AS and patients with nr-axSpA (74.58% vs 64.58%, p = 0.19 and 61.02% vs 50.00%, p = 0.19, respectively). No statistically significant difference in terms of survival was observed between patients with AS and nr-axSpA (p = 1.00).Conclusion.Treatment response and drug survival were similar in patients with AS and nr-axSpA after first TNFi initiation.
Risk Factors for Symptomatic Avascular Necrosis in Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Yang Yelin , Kumar Sathish , Lim Lily Siok Hoon , Silverman Earl D. , Levy Deborah M. 
Published: November 2015

Objective.To examine the frequency and risk factors for symptomatic avascular necrosis (AVN) in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE).Methods.A single-center, nested, matched, case-control design was used. There were 617 patients with cSLE followed at the Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) Lupus Clinic between July 1982 and June 2013 included in the study. The AVN cohort consisted of 37 patients identified with clinical findings of symptomatic AVN and diagnosis was confirmed by 1 or more imaging modalities. Three controls were matched to each patient with AVN by date and age at diagnosis. Baseline clinical, laboratory, and treatment characteristics were compared between patients with AVN and controls by univariable analyses and if statistically significant, were included in a multivariable logistic regression model.Results.A total of 37/617 patients (6%) developed symptomatic AVN in 91 joints during followup at SickKids. The mean duration to disease was 2.3 years. The hip was the most commonly involved joint (26/37, 70%). Compared with the matched non-AVN cohort, patients with AVN had a higher incidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement and nephritis, required greater cumulative prednisone (PRED) from cSLE diagnosis to AVN, received a greater maximal daily PRED dose, and had more frequent use of pulse methylprednisolone therapy. Multivariable regression analysis confirmed major organ involvement (CNS disease and/or nephritis) and maximal daily PRED dose as significant predictors of symptomatic AVN development.Conclusion.Patients with cSLE with severe organ involvement including nephritis and CNS disease and higher maximal daily dose of PRED are more likely to develop symptomatic AVN.