bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial single-cell isotope tracing reveals heterogeneity of de novo fatty acid synthesis in cancer
Authors: Buglakova Elena , Ekelöf Måns , Schwaiger-Haber Michaela , Schlicker Lisa , Molenaar Martijn R. , Shahraz Mohammed , Stuart Lachlan , Eisenbarth Andreas , Hilsenstein Volker , Patti Gary J. , Schulze Almut , Snaebjornsson Marteinn T. , Alexandrov Theodore 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile heterogeneity is a key feature of cancer, understanding metabolic heterogeneity at the single-cell level remains a challenge. Here we present 13C-SpaceM, a method for spatial single-cell isotope tracing that extends the previously published SpaceM method with detection of 13C6-glucose-derived carbons in esterified fatty acids. We validated 13C-SpaceM on spatially heterogeneous models using liver cancer cells subjected to either normoxia-hypoxia or ATP citrate lyase depletion. This revealed substantial single-cell heterogeneity in labelling of the lipogenic acetyl-CoA pool and in relative fatty acid uptake versus synthesis hidden in bulk analyses. Analysing tumour-bearing brain tissue from mice fed a 13C6-glucose-containing diet, we found higher glucose-dependent synthesis of saturated fatty acids and increased elongation of essential fatty acids in tumours compared with healthy brains. Furthermore, our analysis uncovered spatial heterogeneity in lipogenic acetyl-CoA pool labelling in tumours. Our method enhances spatial probing of metabolic activities in single cells and tissues, providing insights into fatty acid metabolism in homoeostasis and disease.
Gene therapy for epilepsy targeting neuropeptide Y and its Y2 receptor to dentate gyrus granule cells
Authors: Cattaneo Stefano , Bettegazzi Barbara , Crippa Lucia , Asth Laila , Regoni Maria , Soukupova Marie , Zucchini Silvia , Cantore Alessio , Codazzi Franca , Valtorta Flavia , Simonato Michele 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGene therapy is emerging as an alternative option for individuals with drug-resistant focal epilepsy. Here, we explore the potential of a novel gene therapy based on Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a well-known endogenous anticonvulsant. We develop a lentiviral vector co-expressing NPY with its inhibitory receptor Y2 in which, for the first time, both transgenes are placed under the control of the minimal CamKIIa(0.4) promoter, biasing expression toward excitatory neurons and allowing autoregulation of neuronal excitability by Y2 receptor-mediated inhibition. Vector-induced NPY and Y2 expression and safety are first assessed in cultures of hippocampal neurons. In vivo experiments demonstrate efficient and nearly selective overexpression of both genes in granule cell mossy fiber terminals following vector administration in the dentate gyrus. Telemetry video-EEG monitoring reveals a reduction in the frequency and duration of seizures in the synapsin triple KO model. This study shows that targeting a small subset of neurons (hippocampal granule cells) with a combined overexpression of NPY and Y2 receptor is sufficient to reduce the occurrence of spontaneous seizures.
Outcomes of lumen apposing metal stent placement in patients with surgically altered anatomy: Multicenter international experience
Authors: Mangiavillano Benedetto , Ramai Daryl , Kahaleh Michel , Tyberg Amy , Shahid Haroon , Sarkar Avik , Samanta Jayanta , Dhar Jahnvi , Bronswijk Michiel , Van der Merwe Schalk , Kouanda Abdul , Ji Hyun , Dai Sun-Chuan , Deprez Pierre , Vargas-Madrigal Jorge , Vanella Giuseppe , Leone Roberto , Arcidiacono Paolo Giorgio , Robles-Medranda Carlos , Alcivar Vasquez Juan , Arevalo-Mora Martha , Fugazza Alessandro , Ko Christopher , Morris John , Lisotti Andrea , Fusaroli Pietro , Dhaliwal Amaninder , Mutignani Massimiliano , Forti Edoardo , Cottone Irene , Larghi Alberto , Rizzatti Gianenrico , Galasso Domenico , Barbera Carmelo , Di Matteo Francesco Maria , Stigliano Serena , Binda Cecilia , Fabbri Carlo , Pham Khanh Do-Cong , Di Mitri Roberto , Amata Michele , Crinó Stefano Francesco , Ofosu Andrew , De Luca Luca , Al-Lehibi Abed , Auriemma Francesco , Paduano Danilo , Calabrese Federica , Gentile Carmine , Hassan Cesare , Repici Alessandro , Facciorusso Antonio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Although outcomes of lumen-apposing
metal stents (LAMS) placement in native anatomy have been reported, data on LAMS placement in
surgically altered anatomy (SAA) are sparse. We aimed to assess outcomes of LAMS placement in
patients with SAA for different indications.
Patients and methods This was an international, multicenter,
retrospective, observational study at 25 tertiary care centers through November 2023.
Consecutive patients with SAA who underwent LAMS placement were included. The primary outcome
was technical success defined as correct placement of LAMS. Secondary outcomes were clinical
success and safety.
Results Two hundred and seventy patients (125 males; average age
61 ± 15 years) underwent LAMS placement with SAA. Procedures included EUS-directed
transgastric ERCP (EDGE) and EUS-directed transenteric ERCP (EDEE) (n = 82), EUS-guided
entero-enterostomy (n = 81), EUS-guided biliary drainage (n = 57), EUS-guided drainage of
peri-pancreatic fluid collections (n = 48), and EUS-guided pancreaticogastrostomy (n = 2).
Most cases utilized AXIOS stents (n = 255) compared with SPAXUS stents (n = 15). Overall,
technical success was 98%, clinical success was 97%, and the adverse event (AE) rate was 12%.
Using AGREE classification, five events were rated as Grade II, 21 events as Grade IIIa, and
six events as IIIb. No difference in AEs were noted among stent types (P = 0.52).
Conclusions This study shows that placement of LAMS is associated
with high technical and clinical success rates in patients with SAA. However, the rate of AEs
is noteworthy, and thus, these procedures should be performed by expert endoscopists at
tertiary centers.
Deoxyfluorination: A Detailed Overview of Recent Developments
Authors: Tavčar Gašper , Jelen Jan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFluorine organic compounds have been a predominant force of pharmaceutical chemistry for modern drug design, with an increasing amount of fluorine-containing compounds entering the market. Methodologies for fluorine atom incorporation into organic molecules are still challenging to date and thus represent an important research area. Deoxyfluorination serves as a useful tool for the construction of carbon–fluorine bonds in biologically active molecules by converting a common hydroxyl group into the corresponding fluoride. In this review, we have summarized and categorized deoxyfluorination reaction protocols developed over the last decade (2015–2024) by the structural type of C–O bond deoxyfluorination, including substrates like alcohols, phenols, ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids.1	Introduction2	Deoxyfluorination of C(sp3)–O Bonds2.1	Alcohols2.2	Alcohol Derivatives3	Deoxyfluorination of C(sp2)–O Bonds3.1	Phenols3.2	Phenol Derivatives3.3	Aldehydes and Ketones3.4	Carboxylic Acids4	Conclusions
Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers: Apatite Deposition on Root Canal Dentin and pH Variation Analysis
Authors: Maharti Ike Dwi , Rosseti Romilda , Asrianti Dini , Herdianto Nendar , Rianti Winda 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective This study analyzes the biomineralization potential of calcium silicate-based sealers Ceraseal (Meta Biomed Co., Cheongju, Korea) and AH Plus Bioceramic (Dentsply Sirona, United States), focusing on evaluating apatite deposition in root canal dentin and pH increases.
Materials and Methods Calcium silicate-based sealers Ceraseal (Meta Biomed Co.) and AH Plus Bioceramic (Dentsply Sirona) were applied to the root canal dentin of premolars that had undergone root canal preparation procedures. This was followed by a 14-day immersion in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Biomineralization analysis was performed by analyzing the formation of the apatite layer after the 14-day immersion. The thickness of the apatite layer deposits was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Additionally, the sealers were placed in molds and submerged in PBS solution with pH measurements taken on days 0, 7, and 14 using a digital pH meter.
Statistical Analysis The average thickness of apatite deposition in the interfacial layer was analyzed using the Mann–Whitney's test. The pH value differences among the groups were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance test, followed by a post hoc least significant difference.
Results There were differences in the apatite deposition in the interfacial layer between Ceraseal and AH Plus Bioceramic within 14 days of observation. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the pH values of Ceraseal and AH Plus Bioceramic at 7 and 14 days of observation. Ceraseal showed greater alkalizing activity compared with AH Plus Bioceramic.
Conclusion Calcium silicate-based sealer Ceraseal showed better biomineralization potential than AH Plus Bioceramic.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Resveratrol-Containing Mouthwash as an Adjunct Treatment for Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mohammed Sura A. , Akram Hadeel Mazin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of resveratrol mouthwash as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment of periodontitis.
Materials and Methods This study was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial study. The study included 57 participants with periodontitis. Clinical parameters (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing pocket depth [PPD], and clinical attachment loss [CAL]) were examined at the baseline visit, after 7 days, and after 30 days of using resveratrol mouthwash as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment. The salivary levels of (interleukin [IL]-6) and RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand) were measured and compared before and after treatment. The participants answered the visual analog scale-based assessment questionnaire at the last visit.
Statistical Analysis A one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) test was used to compare the means of multiple groups (test, positive control, negative control) at baseline and after treatment. A paired t-test was also used to compare the means of a single group before and after treatment. In addition, Tukey's multiple comparisons test was used to identify specific pairwise differences between the three groups after finding significant differences with ANOVA. The Chi-square test was also used to compare the distribution of categorical variables like sex between the groups.
Results All interventions significantly reduced PI, BOP, PPD, and CAL, but resveratrol and chlorhexidine had a higher significant effect than placebo except for CAL without a significant difference between them. All mouthwashes significantly reduced the salivary concentration of IL-6. However, resveratrol and chlorhexidine had a significantly higher effect than placebo, while the concentration of RANKL was decreased in all groups without a significant difference between them. The participants' responses to the mouthwash questionnaire showed that resveratrol and chlorhexidine had the same feedback without significant differences.
Conclusion Resveratrol-containing mouthwash could be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment of periodontitis.
How I Do It—Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication with Concomitant Hiatal Hernia Repair
Authors: Pflüger Michael Johannes , Brewer-Gutierrez Olaya , Parker Brett Colton 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTransoral incisionless fundoplication with concomitant hiatal hernia repair (cTIF) is an antireflux procedure that combines hiatal hernia repair with TIF. As such, it restores the antireflux barrier using a two-step, hybrid procedure utilizing both minimally invasive surgery and endoscopy in one operative procedure. In this article, we discuss the procedure as well as its role in the armamentarium of interventions for gastroesophageal reflux disease and outline technical details.
Fermi Rubik’s Cube in High-Pressure Induced Chlorine-Rich Compounds
Authors: Kong 孔 Jun 君 , Su 苏 Lei 磊 , Cui 崔 Haixu 海旭 , Ding 丁 Hairui 海芮 , Hou 侯 Jingyu 晶钰 , Chi 迟 Chunxia 春霞 , Liu 刘 Shiyang 诗洋 , Zhou 周 Xiang-Feng 向锋 , Wang 王 Hui-Tian 慧田 , Dong 董 Xiao 校 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the quasi-free electron model, the Fermi surface spreads into a sphere in the Brillouin zone, i.e., the Fermi sphere. The Fermi sphere exists widely in metal systems, no matter whether the crystal is in a body-center cubic, face-center cubic, or hexagonal close-packed lattice. Here, we report a class of compounds stabilized at high pressure with Rubik’s cubic Fermi surface, in which the representative example is

P
m

3
¯

n

-CaCl3. Our quantum-mechanical variable-composition evolutionary simulations predict the thermal stabilities of CaCl3, and the tight-binding model reveals that its unique Fermi surface originates from the quasi-one-dimensional interaction, structural symmetric protection, and particle-hole symmetry breaking. Furthermore, by its flat and steep band structure, CaCl3 has a huge span of effective mass from 9.08 × 103
m
e (super-heavy) to 5.13 × 10−4
m
e on the Fermi level, which supplies an interesting platform for quasiparticle research.
Mechanical-electric-magnetic-thermal coupled enriched finite element method for magneto-electro-elastic structures
Authors: Zhou Liming , Chen Pengxu , Gao Yan , Wang Jiye 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) materials possess the ability to convert mechanical, electrical, and magnetic energies, playing a critical role in smart devices. To improve the accuracy and efficiency of solving the mechanical properties of MEE structures in mechanical-electrical-magnetic-thermal (MEMT) environments, an MEMT coupled multiphysics enriched finite element method (MP-EFEM) is proposed. Based on the fundamental equations and boundary conditions of MEE materials, the interpolation coverage function is introduced into the MEMT coupled finite element method (FEM) to construct higher-order approximate interpolation displacement shape functions, electric potential shape functions, and magnetic potential shape functions. Combined with the variational principle, MP-EFEM is proposed, and the governing equations of MP-EFEM are derived. Numerical examples validate the accuracy and high efficiency of MP-EFEM in solving the mechanical properties of MEE structures in MEMT environments. When compared to the MEMT coupled FEM (MEMT-FEM), the results show that this method offers higher accuracy and efficiency. Therefore, MP-EFEM can effectively analyze the mechanical properties of MEE structures under multiphysics coupling, providing a new method for the design and development of smart devices.
Comparison of non-invasive magnetomyography to Brink score for assessment of pelvic floor muscle strength
Authors: Mercado Luis , Oliphant Sallie , Escalona-Vargas Diana , Siegel Eric R , Moody Heather , Eswaran Hari 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective. Levator ani muscles undergo significant stretching and micro-trauma at childbirth. The goal was to assess the neuromuscular integrity of this muscle group by means of magnetomyography (MMG) and correlate with Brink score—a commonly used digital assessment of pelvic floor muscle strength. Approach. Non-invasive MMG data was collected on 22 pregnant women during rest and voluntary contraction of the pelvic-floor muscles (Kegels). The mean amplitude and power spectral density (PSD) of the Kegels were correlated to Brink pressure score. Main Results. The modified Brink pressure score demonstrated medium correlations (⩾0.3) with MMG amplitude and PSD with the average Kegel of medium intensity and rest. Data showed that the ‘resting state’ of the pelvic floor is, in actuality, quite dynamic and may have implications for pelvic floor disorder propensity postpartum. Significance. These results confirm the ability of non-invasive MMG to reliably capture pelvic floor contraction as these signals correlate with clinical measure.
A novel image encryption method based on the cycle replacement
Authors: Wang Pu , Liu Xiaojun , Xu Jing , Lu Chenhao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For the bit-level image encryption algorithms, pixel values and positions can be changed simultaneously. The operation can enhance the security of image encryption but will require the complicated calculations. Therefore, high security and suitable computation for a new algorithm are needed to be considered. In this paper, a novel image encryption algorithm, which combines the bit-level encryption and the pixel-level encryption methods, is proposed based on the cycle replacement. Firstly, a new 2-dimensional (2D) map with a hyperbolic cosine function (2D-Cosh map) is introduced, which has rich and complex dynamics. Based on the chaotic characteristic of the map, an image encryption algorithm is introduced via the substitution of bit of pixels which can scramble the pixels, and change the image pixel positions effectively. Numerical simulation and security analysis are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm. From which we can see that the correlation coefficients are almost 0, average entropy = 7.9973, average NPCR = 99.6104%, and average UACI = 33.4664%. It is clear that the algorithm is resistant to differential attacks, interference attacks, and can reduce the correlation of adjacent pixels of the encrypted image greatly. Meanwhile, the algorithm has no limit for the size of a color image in the process of the encryption.
Double modulation of the electric field in InGaAs/Si APD by groove rings for the achievement of THz gain-bandwidth product
Authors: Shi Ziwei , Ke Shaoying , Meng Wenhao , Wang Zhanren , Guo Menghui , Jiang Xiaolong , Liu Kun , Lin Zhiwei , Chen Xiaoping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Avalanche photodiode (APD) is commonly used as a receiver in optical communication and light detection and ranging (LIDAR), offering highly sensitive photodetection capabilities. A key strategy for improving the gain-bandwidth product (GBP) of the APD involves the optimization of the electric field distribution using the charge layer. However, traditional modulation methods to adjust the carrier transport and avalanche process using the charge layer often face challenges (inefficiency and non-uniformity). An InGaAs/Si APD based on the wafer bonding method with a GBP up to 1.03 terahertz (THz) is reported theoretically in this work. The charge layer and groove rings are inserted at the InGaAs/Si bonded interface to modulate the electric field in the APD effectively, demonstrating low dark current and reduced avalanche bias of the device. This approach induces a dramatic and rapid variation of the electric field at the interface while reducing the gradient of the electric field in the multiplication layer. Additionally, the indirect impact of the groove ring on mitigating the adverse effects of the lattice mismatch is pointed out, and the optimal doping concentration range of the charge layer is identified to enhance the modulation effect of the electric field for stronger impact ionization. These findings provide valuable insights for the next-generation InGaAs/Si APDs with high GBP for high-speed data transmission.
Resonances crossing and electric field quantum sensors*
Authors: Sacchetti Andrea 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We propose a theoretical model for a quantum sensor that can determine in a very simple way whether the intensity of an electric field has an assigned value or not. It is based on the fact that when an exact crossing of the imaginary parts of the resonances occurs in a double-well quantum system subject to an external DC electric field, a damped beating phenomenon occurs, which is absent if there is no such a crossing. This result is then tested numerically on an explicit one-dimensional model.
Polarization-dependent near-field coupling and far-field harmonic modulation in a graphene-based plasmonic nanostructure
Authors: Qing Ye Ming , Yang Zhaoyan , Wang Yunxia , Ren Yongze , Wu Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The interplay between light and matter has fostered innovative research in surface plasmons, specifically in graphene, due to its tunable Fermi energy and reduced losses in the infrared and terahertz spectra. This study explores the anisotropic coupling of nonlocalized surface plasmons in graphene with localized magnetic polaritons (MP) in a silicon carbide (SiC) array. By adjusting graphene’s Fermi energy and polarization angle, we successfully achieved hybrid coupling, giving rise to three clearly distinguishable hybridized states. Using the coupled oscillator model as a framework, we conducted an analysis of the intricate multimode coupling and accurately ascertained the weighting efficiencies of the individual modes comprising the hybrids. By integrating the design principles of space-time coding metasurfaces, we successfully broadened the scope of the application, extending its reach from the near-field to the far-field. These novel discoveries pave new paths for advancements in thermal emitters, photonic systems, energy conversion technologies, and the creation of cutting-edge plasmonic devices.
Neutrino quantum kinetics in a core-collapse supernova
Authors: Shalgar Shashank , Tamborra Irene 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Our understanding of neutrino flavor conversion in the supernova core is still
preliminary, despite its likely relevance to the neutrino-driven supernova mechanism. We present
multi-angle and multi-energy numerical simulations of neutrino quantum kinetics within a
spherically symmetric shell in the proximity of the region of neutrino decoupling. We rely on
inputs from a one-dimensional core-collapse supernova model with a mass of 18.6 M
⊙ and
find that, at early post-bounce times (t
pb ≲ 0.5 s), no crossing is present in
the angular distribution of the electron neutrino lepton number and flavor conversion is triggered
by slow collective instabilities. Angular crossings appear for t
pb ≳ 0.5 s
and fast flavor conversion leads to flavor equipartition, with the spectral energy distribution of
ν
e (ν̅e) and ν

x
(ν̅
x
) becoming comparable. Notably, flavor
equipartition is not a generic outcome of fast flavor conversion, rather it is a consequence of
the relatively similar properties of neutrinos of different flavors characterizing the late
accretion phase. Artificially tweaking the collision term to introduce an electron lepton number
angular crossing for t
pb ≲ 0.5 s, we observe that flavor equipartition is
not achieved. While our findings are restricted to a specific supernova model, and they only take
into account the feedback of the neutrino background on the flavor conversion, they suggest a rich
phenomenology in the supernova core as a function of the post-bounce time which needs to be
further explored to assess its impact on the explosion mechanism.
Relativistic model for anisotropic compact stars in embedding class-I spacetime
Authors: Sarkar Susmita , Sarkar Moumita , Sarkar Nayan , Rahaman Farook 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the present article, we introduce a completely new regular model for static, spherically symmetric celestial fluid spheres in embedding class I spacetime. In this regard, needfully, we propose a new suitable metric potential e
λ(r) to generate the present model. The various analyses on energy density, pressure, anisotropic factor, mass, compactness parameter, redshift, and energy condition make sure the model is physically viable on the ground of model stars Vela X-1, Cen X-3, SMC X-4, and LMC X-4. The reported solutions also respect the equilibrium state by satisfying the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV) equation and ensure stability by satisfying the causality condition, condition on the adiabatic index, and Harrison–Zeldovich–Novikov condition. The generated M − R graph matches the ranges of masses and radii for the model compact stars. Additionally, this study provides estimates of the moment of inertia based on the I − M graph.