bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing a comprehensive genetic diagnosis strategy for hemophilia B and its application in Chinese population
Authors: Lin X. Y. , Wang J. , Xiao X. , Xu Y. W. , Yan Q. J. , Jiang W. Y. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIntroductionTo reduce the incidence of hemophilia B (HB) which with no complete cure currently, prenatal diagnosis and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) are effective and feasible means. However, previous studies about genetic diagnosis in HB mostly just focused on the detection of patients and carriers. Here, we established a comprehensive genetic diagnosis strategy for HB and worked it out in Chinese population. The strategy includes the detection of patients and carriers, prenatal diagnosis, and PGD.MethodsSeven unrelated HB families from Chinese population involved in this study. Firstly, probands and available members were carried out coagulation laboratory assays, and the clinical information has been recorded. Secondly, we used DNA direct sequencing to screen the whole FIX gene of them. The pathogenicity of novel mutations was verified according to 2015 ACMG‐AM guidelines. For prenatal diagnosis, a mix of DNA direct sequencing and STR linkage analysis was employed. To explore a better PGD protocol, Karyomapping was first applied in PGD of HB, comparing with conventional PCR‐based methods.ResultsSix different pathogenic mutations including 1 novel duplication (c.660_661dup ATCA) were identified. The results of prenatal diagnosis were consistent with birth outcomes. In the PGD case, 4 of 11 embryos were confirmed to be normal and one of them was transferred and led to a healthy birth.ConclusionsThe established genetic diagnosis strategy for HB in our study was comprehensive and well applied in clinic practice. Besides, we recommended that DNA direct sequencing combined with Karyomapping was a better PGD protocol.
AN ANALYSIS OF SYNDICATED LOAN ANNOUNCEMENTS DURING THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS
Authors: Gasbarro Dominic , Le Kim‐Song , Schwebach Robert G. , Zumwalt J. Kenton 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe recent financial crisis presents an opportunity to examine stock market reactions to syndicated loan decisions reached by borrowers and lenders regarding loan type and loan purpose. We find that during the crisis, the renegotiation flexibility provided by revolving credit is positively valued, whereas during the low‐interest‐rate period following the crisis, both revolving and term loans are viewed favorably. We also examine information asymmetry effects and find that after the crisis, low‐creditworthy borrowers generate a positive market response, but during the crisis, high‐creditworthy borrowers are viewed positively and low‐creditworthy borrowers are punished by the market.
PHYSIOLOGY’S RECONDITE CURRICULUM
Authors: Hansen Penelope A. 
Published: December 2017

Dr. Penny Hansen is an international physiology educator. She was born in America and became a Canadian citizen, and her husband is from Sweden. Dr. Hansen has a reputation throughout the world from international meetings and visiting professorships in North America and Europe. She received her bachelor’s and master’s degrees in Ohio, and her PhD and entire academic career have been at Memorial University in St. John’s, Newfoundland, which is closer to London than to New Orleans. She found a hospitable environment and stayed. Remember how some jet planes were grounded on Sept. 11 at Gander, Newfoundland; the local people opened their homes, transported passengers in school buses, and served them free meals for a couple of days. Dr. Hansen has received local and national awards for her teaching skills. At St. John’s, her ideas about education quickly outgrew the Basic Science Division in the Faculty of Medicine. She went from Assistant Dean for Undergraduate Medical Education to Director of Academic Development for Medicine to director of a center for health professional education for five professional schools. With this track record she might have been chosen to be dean of a medical school. Dr. Hansen’s most notable contribution to international physiology has been in editing our Society’s teaching journal, Advances in Physiology Education, for nine years. During that time, she has written provocative editorials, encouraged authors from developing countries, and found ways to incorporate fresh ideas about teaching. As far as I know, no other society in the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology has a journal devoted to teaching. This is a tribute to Dr. Hansen and her associate editors in their encouragement of teachers to do research on teaching and publish their findings. Dr. Hansen will continue writing and is authoring a textbook entitled Physiology of Life Situations, which will have unique organization. Dr. Hansen was recently appointed co-chair of the Education Committee for the International Union of Physiological Sciences. In that role, she is responsible for conducting teaching workshops and providing resources to teachers of physiology worldwide, particularly in developing countries. She spends time each winter teaching at St. George’s Medical School in Granada. Dr. Hansen is also the elected chair of the Teaching Section for the next three years. It is particularly appropriate that, on this Earth Day 2002, whose motto is “One People, One Earth, One Future,” we hear a citizen of Canada who teaches worldwide talk about“Physiology’s Recondite Curriculum.”—Roger TannerThies, PhD, Professor Emeritus of Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Somatostatin inhibition of glucose-induced electrical activity in cultured rat islet cells
Authors: Pace Caroline S. , Murphy Mary , Conant Susan , Lacy Paul E. 
Published: December 2017

Electrophysiological studies of rat islet cells in monolayer culture were undertaken to determine the role of transmembranous ionic fluxes in the inhibitory action of somatostatin on insulin release. In the presence of somatotropin release inhibiting factor (SRIF) (2.5 nM), hyperpolarization occured with or without glucose (16.6 mM) in the medium. SRIF also inhibited the incidence of glucose-induced spike activity. The inhibitory action of SRIF occurred within 5 min and was readily reversible. An increase in extracellular K+ (5–13 mM) or Ca2+ (2.3–4.6 mM) prevented SRIF inhibition of glucose-induced electrical activity. The secretory response of cultured islets to glucose (16.6 mM) was completely inhibited by SRIF (2.5 nM). The presence of high [Ca2+]0 or [K+]0, enhanced insulin release in the presence of SRIF and glucose. Although phentolamine (5.0 μg/ml) did not block the inhibition of glucose-induced electrical responses by SRIF, it prevented the inhibitory action of epinephrine (0.2 μg/ml). It is concluded that the primary action of SRIF is to alter transmembranous cationic fluxes, as manifested by hyperpolarization and a decrease in the incidence of spike activity, which may prevent glucose from eliciting a normal secretory response. insulin secretion; epinephrine; alpha-adrenergic blockade; stimulus-secretion coupling Submitted on February 14, 1977
Potassium movements in denervated frog sartorius muscle
Authors: Venosa Roque A. , Kotsias Basilio A. 
Published: December 2017

The movement of 42K+ across the sarcolemma and the resting membrane potential ( VM) of normal and denervated frog sartorius muscle were studied under several experimental conditions in preparations initially equilibrated in 100 mM K+ and 219 mM Cl-. The results can be summarized as follows. 1) In the absence of any driving force on K+, i.e., when the difference between VM and the K+ equilibrium potential ( EK) is zero ( VM - EK = 0), the K+ conductance ( gK) was 368 ΜS·cm-2 in control and 282 ΜS·cm-2 in denervated muscle. 2) The reduced gK of denervated muscles results from the addition of the opposite changes in the conductances of a Rb+-sensitive inward rectifying pathway ( gIR), which decreases, and a Rb+-insensitive linear channel ( gL), which increases. Thus in control muscles gK (368 ΜS·cm-2) equals gIR (359 ΜS·cm-2) plus gL (9 ΜS·cm-2), while in denervated muscles gK (282 ΜS·cm-2) equals gIR (198 ΜS·cm-2) plus gL (84 ΜS·cm-2). 3) Denervation significantly reduces the inward rectifying properties of the resting K+ permeability system. In the presence of outward driving forces on K+ ( VM - EK > 0) of 35-50 mV, the Rb+-sensitive inward rectifier channel appears to close completely in both control and denervated muscles. In the latter, however, the effect was not as well maintained as in the former, suggesting that its closing mechanism might be altered by denervation. 4) No changes were observed during the first 2 wk after denervation. sarcolemma; resting potential; K+ equilibrium potential; K+ conductance Submitted on July 25, 1983 Accepted on July 11, 1984
Lactate transport by cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles
Authors: Trosper T. L. , Philipson K. D. 
Published: December 2017

Page C483: T. L. Trosper and K. D. Philipson. “Lactate transport by cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles.” Page C483: the first sentence of paragraph 2 should read: Recent reports of lactate uptake by isolated cardiac myocytes (14) and perfused hearts (2, 16) presented evidence suggesting that lactate traversal of the cardiac sarcolemma is mediated by a carrier specific for monocarboxylic acids. Page C485: Fig. 1 legend should read: l-Lactate uptake into sarcolemmal vesicles as a function of time at room temperature. 1 mM l-lactate in external medium; vesicles loaded with 280 mM sucrose, pH 7.4. External media: 112 mM NaCl, 56 mM sucrose, pH 7.4, with ( closed circles) or without ( open circles) 5 μM monensin; or 280 mM sucrose, pH 7.4 (X) or 5.9 ( open squares). Data points on upper curves are means ± SD of 3 or more experiments. Lower curves are averages of 2 experiments. Inset: l-lactate uptake at short times from NaCl plus monensin, pH 7.4. Page C485: last line of Fig. 3 legend should read: Slope, which is least-squares fit of the data, gives apparent Km, for l-laxtate of 27 mM. Page C489: References 2, 14, and 16 should read: 2. Dennis, S. C., M. C. Cohn, G. J. Anderson, and D. Garfinkel. Kinetic analysis of monocarboxylate uptake into perfused rat hearts. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 17: 987–995, 1985. 14. Kammermeier, H., B. Wein, and W. Graf. Characteristics of lactate transport in isolated cardiac myocytes. Basic Res. Cardiol. 80,Suppl. 1:57–60, 1985. 16. Mann, G. E., B. V. Zlokovic, AND D. L. Yudilevich. Evidence for a lactate transport system in the sarcolemmal membrane of the perfused rabbit heart. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 819: 241–246, 1985.
(Na + K + 2Cl) cotransport in cultured embryonic chick heart cells
Authors: Liu Shi , Jacob Ron , Piwnica-Worms David , Lieberman Melvyn 
Published: December 2017

Pages C72–C730: Shi Liu, Ron Jacob, David Piwnica-Worms, and Melvyn Lieberman. “(Na + K + 2Cl) cotransport in cultured embryonic chick heart cells.” Page C721: first and second sentences, second paragraph, second column, should read “In this study, coupled ion movements are investigated using Na-, K-, and Cl-selective microelectrodes, in contrast to previous work (30), in which we determined the contents of Na, K, and Cl by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Nai and Ki) or coulometric titration (Cli). We find that Cl-HCO3 exchange does not appear to contribute to the maintenance of a high agrCli in the resting steady state.” C722: Eq. 1 should read (See PDF)
Kinetics of vasoconstrictor action of endothelins
Authors: Marsault Robert , Vigne Paul , Breittmayer Jean Philippe , Frelin Christian 
Published: December 2017

Endothelin peptides (Et) induce slowly developing and long-lasting contractions of rat aortic strips with a rank order of potency (Et-1 = Et-2 > sarafotoxin S6b > Et-3) consistent with the involvement of an EtA-like receptor subtype. A similar profile of action is observed for Et-induced intracellular [Ca2+]i mobilization in cultured aortic myocytes. Modeling the association of Et-1 to its receptor shows that, at concentrations which produce large increases in tension, Et-1 associates rapidly to its receptors and that a slow rate of association is not responsible for the slow rate of tension development. Action of endothelins on [ Ca2+]i was studied using isolated cultured aortic myocytes and compared with that of angiotensin II and vasopressin. Results show that three vasoconstrictors produce similar and rapid changes in [Ca2+]i. The rate-limiting step for the contractile action of Et is a postreceptor event probably distal to early changes in [Ca2+]i. Biological responses to Et are usually characterized by a relative insensitivity to the peptide as compared with & values determined in binding experiments. Data presented show that insensitivity of the early [Ca2+]i responses to Et could be accounted for by the fact that the responses develop under nonequilibrium conditions. Tension amplitude seems also to be determined by nonequilibrium binding conditions. It correlates with the fraction of the Et-1 binding sites occupied 20 s after addition of the peptide and not to the fractional site occupancy at the time of maximum tension development. In conclusion, kinetic parameters of the interaction of Et with their receptors do not determine the slow development of the contractile responses. They may, however, be responsible for the relative insensitivity of the biological responses to Et. angiotensin II; flow cytometry; intracellular calcium; kinetic model; vasopressin Submitted on October 25, 1990 Accepted on June 14, 1991
Differential effects of cytokines on long-term mitogenic and secretory responses of fetal rat pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Sjöholm Aring;. 
Published: December 2017

Pages C116 and C118: Å. Sjőholm. “Differential effects of cytokines on long-term mitogenic and secretory responses of fetal rat pancreatic β-cells.” Page C116, Table 1, the units for [Glucose] should read mM, and page C118, Table 3, the units for [IFN-ggr] should read U/ml, as shown in the corrected tables. (The errors were inadvertently introduced by the printer at the final stage of proof.) (See PDF)
cAMP-independent regulation of CFTR by the actin cytoskeleton
Authors: Prat A. G. , Xiao Y. -F. , Ausiello D. A. , Cantiello H. F. 
Published: December 2017

Pages C1552-C1561: A. G. Prat, Y.-F. Xiao, D. A. Ausiello, and H. F. Cantiello. “AMP-independent regulation of CFTR by the actin cytoskeleton.” Page C1558, Fig. 8A: units on the y-axis of the bar graph should have been 10 times larger. The corrected figure appears below. (See PDF)
A role for CFTR in human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Hanaoka K. , Devuyst O. , Schwiebert E. M. , Wilson P. D. , Guggino W. B. 
Published: December 2017

Pages C389-C399: K. Hanaoka, O. Devuyst, E. M. Schwiebert, P. D. Wilson, and W. B. Guggino. “A role for CFTR in human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.” Page C395, Fig. 5: because of a photographic processing error, panels B and D, which both show unstained cells, were mislabeled and incorrectly reproduced. The corrected figure appears below. (See PDF)
Ca2+- and pH-dependent halothane stimulation of Ca2+ release in sarcoplasmic reticulum from frog muscle
Authors: Beltrán M. , Bull R. , Donoso P. , Hidalgo C. 
Published: December 2017

Pages C540-C546: M. Beltrán, R. Bull, P. Donoso, and C. Hidalgo. “Ca2+- and pH-dependent halothane stimulation of Ca2+ release in sarcoplasmic reticulum from frog muscle.” Page C543, because of a printer's error, Fig. 6 was inadvertently published as a repeat of Fig. 5. The correct Fig. 6 appears below. (See PDF)
Effect of aging on intestinal absorption of aromatic amino acids in vitro in the rat
Authors: Navab Farhad , Winter Charles G. 
Published: December 2017

Whole-thickness everted jejunal rings were used to measure uptake of l-tyrosine (l-Tyr), l-phenylalanine (l-Phe), and l-tryptophan (l-Trp) in 6-, 12-, and 24-mo-old rats. The rate of uptake of all three amino acids (1 mM) was significantly reduced after 20 min of incubation in 24-mo-old compared with 6-mo-old rats. Results of influx (2 min) of 0.5-40.0 mM l-Phe and l-Trp suggested an increased affinity but decreased capacity for the transporter with age; these differences were significant for l-Trp (P < 0.05). Respective values for apparent Kt and Vmax were the following: l-Phe 6-mo-old rats, 5.46 mM and 1.03 μmol·g-1·2 min-1; 24-mo-old rats, 2.54 mM and 0.51 μmol·g-1·2 min-1; l-Trp 6-mo-old rats, 5.09 mM and 0.38 μmol·g-1·2 min-1; 24-mo-old rats, 3.20 mM and 0.25 μmol·g-1·2 min-1. Values for 12-mo-old rats fell in between the other two age groups. intestinal weight; intestinal length; Fischer rats; kinetics of uptake; Hofstee plot; everted jejunal rings; neurotransmitter precursors Submitted on June 14,1986 Accepted on November 9,1987
Relationships between aerobic and anaerobic energy production in turtle brain in situ
Authors: Lutz P. L. , McMahon P. , Rosenthal M. , Sick T. J. 
Published: December 2017

To define the relationships between brain mitochondrial activity and high-energy intermediates in the turtle, brains were frozen in situ at times determined by the reduction-oxidation status of cytochrome a,a3. Increases in brain lactate indicated that transition to anaerobiosis occurred while oxidative reactions were still ongoing during hypoxia and that the signal for anaerobiosis is not the complete failure of mitochondrial electron transfer. Decreases in creatine phosphate (CrP), ATP, ADP, and AMP demonstrate that their consumption exceeded production during hypoxia. CrP decreased further during the following 120 min of anoxia, but ATP, ADP, and AMP were not significantly altered from control values. These data suggest that ATP is not inhibitory to rate-limiting, key glycolytic enzymes such as phosphofructokinase. Calculations indicate that ATP production declined during anoxia. This study indicates that decreased CrP values, decreased ATP production, and high lactate levels do not preclude ion homeostasis and electrical activity of turtle brain and that this brain is protected against lactate or pH damage during anoxia, in contrast to mammalian brain.
Human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein 120 alters sleep and induces cytokine mRNA expression in rats
Authors: Opp M. R. , Rady P. L. , Hughes T. K. , Cadet P. , Tyring S. K. , Smith E. M. 
Published: December 2017

Pages R963–R970: M. R. Opp, P. L. Rady, T. K. Hughes, Jr., P. Cadet, S. K. Tyring, and E. M. Smith. “Human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein 120 alters sleep and induces cytokine mRNA expression in rats.” On p. R968, Fig. 3 should appear as below. (See PDF)
Oxygen cost of voluntary hyperventilation
Authors: Murray John F. 
Published: December 2017

The oxygen cost of voluntary hyperventilation was measured using an open circuit technique with three variations, unaided hyperventilation of air, breathing through an increased dead space and adding carbon dioxide to the inspired air. After a given minute volume had been maintained for 10 minutes, the oxygen consumption was the same with the three methods, in spite of marked differences in the respiratory exchange ratio and volume of carbon dioxide produced. The mean oxygen cost for all three methods was 3.2 ml/l. of ventilation. The amount of nonmetabolic oxygen stored during the first minute of hyperventilation was estimated by finding the difference between the oxygen uptake during the 1st minute and the amount utilized when a steady state is reached. It is concluded that the effects of changing oxygen stores are minimal after 10 minutes of hyperventilation and probably after 5 minutes, at a constant minute volume. Note: (With the Technical Assistance of Liana Nebel) Submitted on June 27, 1958
Withdrawal of peripheral lymph from the foot of the dog
Authors: Silk Michael H. , Mears Arthur R. R. 
Published: December 2017

Peripheral lymph was withdrawn simultaneously from an untreated foot and an x-irradiated foot of anesthetized, healthy dogs. Previous techniques were modified to give large yields of sterile, clot-free lymph. A method is described for addition of anticoagulant solutions at a controlled rate during lymph withdrawal. The pentobarbitone (Sagatal, May Baker) anesthetic content of peripheral lymph was shown to be not greater than 0.05 mg/ml. The protein content of peripheral lymph withdrawn 3 hours after 450 r x-irradiation of the paw was found to be not significantly different from that of normal peripheral dog lymph Submitted on March 11, 1958
Estimation of inspiratory capacity in health and in subjects with respiratory muscle paralysis
Authors: Spencer William A. , Vallbona Carlos 
Published: December 2017

A method is described for the reproduction of the natural inspiratory capacity in healthy subjects utilizing a pressure breathing device capable of delivering high inflow rates at low pressures (1.3 l/sec. at 5 cm of water in the delivery system). A highly significant correlation was found between natural inspiratory capacity and the estimation of inspiratory capacity carried out in this manner in healthy subjects. The reliability of this method in cooperative individuals suggested applicability in patients with respiratory muscle paralysis when maximum natural inspiration is impossible. In poliomyelitis subjects with respiratory muscle paralysis the values of estimated inspiratory capacity were significantly reduced below those found in health. The degree of reduction was not directly related to the diminution of natural inspiratory capacity or to the maximum volume changes that could be produced by means of tank respirator assistance at comparable peak transthoracic pressures. Measurement of inspiratory capacity with this technique together with the determination of functional residual capacity makes it practical to estimate the total lung capacity and thus describe the lung compartments in such subjects. Submitted on June 10, 1958
Some effects of carbon dioxide on foreign gas uptake
Authors: Shephard Roy J. 
Published: December 2017

Partitional respirometry in normal subjects breathing 1-5% CO2 indicates a large increase of alveolar dead space, but in the steady state there is no consistent change of diffusing capacity or effective pulmonary blood flow. An apparent early decrease of diffusing capacity is probably an artefact due to difficulties in measuring acetylene uptake with a changing respiratory minute volume, and if Dco is measured by the breath-holding technique, carbon dioxide produces no immediate effect. Hypercapnic hyperventilation does not help in making acetylene uptake conform to a single exponential curve. The ventilatory efficiency indicated by partitional respirometry in a nonuniform system is dependent on both solubility of the test gases and the mean Va/Q ratio. An analogue computer for the solution of Va/Q problems is described. Submitted on August 18, 1958
Tolerance to acute anoxia in high altitude natives
Authors: Velásquez Tulio 
Published: December 2017

Native residents living at an altitude of 14,900 feet were suddenly exposed to simulated higher altitudes, ranging from 30 to 40,000 feet, in a low pressure chamber. The ‘time of consciousness’ and the ceiling breathing air were determined. In addition, observations were made on the respiratory characteristics at these altitudes. Comparing the results with those given by previous investigators using sea level residents, they indicate that a man born and living at an altitude of 14,900 feet has a definitely greater tolerance to acute hypoxia than a man born and residing at sea level. The relative influence of hypoxia and hypocapnia on the symptoms which developed during this test is discussed. Note: (With the Technical Assistance of Edgard Florentini and Melquiades Huayna-Vera) Submitted on June 2, 1958