bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacility Transfer Directly to the Neuroangiography Suite in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Thrombectomy
Authors: Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Kenmuir Cynthia L. , Aghaebrahim Amin , Limaye Kaustubh , Wechsler Lawrence R. , Hammer Maxim D. , Starr Matthew T. , Molyneaux Bradley J. , Rocha Marcelo , Guyette Francis X. , Martin-Gill Christian , Ducruet Andrew F. , Gross Bradley A. , Jankowitz Brian T. , Jovin Tudor G. 
Published: May 2017

Background and Purpose—
In patients identified at referring facilities with acute ischemic stroke caused by a large vessel occlusion, bypassing the emergency department (ED) with direct transport to the neuroangiography suite may safely shorten reperfusion times.

Methods—
We conducted a single-center retrospective review of consecutive patients transferred to our facility for consideration of endovascular therapy. Patients were identified as admitted directly to the neuroangiography suite (DAN), transferred to the ED before intra-arterial therapy (ED-IA), and transferred to the ED but did not receive IA therapy (ED-IV).

Results—

A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of transfer patients between January 2013 and October 2016 with large vessel occlusions identified 108 ED-IV patients and 261 patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy (DAN=111 patients and ED-IA=150 patients). There were no differences in baseline characteristics among the 3 groups. The median computed tomography ASPECTS (Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score) was lower in the ED-IV group versus the ED-IA and DAN groups (8 versus 9;
P
=0.001). In the DAN versus ED-IA cohort, there were comparable rates of TICI2b/3 recanalization and access to recanalization time. There was significantly faster hospital arrival to groin access time in the DAN cohort (81 minutes versus 22 minutes;
P
=0.001). Functional independence at 90 days was comparable in the DAN versus ED-IA cohorts but worse in the ED-IV group (43% versus 44% versus 22%;
P
=0.001).

Conclusions—
DAN is safe, feasible, and associated with faster times of hospital arrival to recanalization. The clinical benefit of this approach should be assessed in a prospective randomized trial.
Inflammatory Stroke Extracellular Vesicles Induce Macrophage Activation
Authors: Couch Yvonne , Akbar Naveed , Davis Simon , Fischer Roman , Dickens Alex M. , Neuhaus Ain A. , Burgess Annette I. , Rothwell Peter M. , Buchan Alastair M. 
Published: May 2017

Background and Purpose—
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are protein–lipid complexes released from cells, as well as actively exocytosed, as part of normal physiology, but also during pathological processes such as those occurring during a stroke. Our aim was to determine the inflammatory potential of stroke EVs.

Methods—
EVs were quantified and analyzed in the sera of patients after an acute stroke (<24 hours; OXVASC [Oxford Vascular Study]). Isolated EV fractions were subjected to untargeted proteomic analysis by liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry/mass-spectrometry and then applied to macrophages in culture to investigate inflammatory gene expression.

Results—
EV number, but not size, is significantly increased in stroke patients when compared to age-matched controls. Proteomic analysis reveals an overall increase in acute phase proteins, including C-reactive protein. EV fractions applied to monocyte-differentiated macrophage cultures induced inflammatory gene expression.

Conclusions—
Together these data show that EVs from stroke patients are proinflammatory in nature and are capable of inducing inflammation in immune cells.
The Power to Pray
Authors: Bos David J. 
Published: May 2017

Drawing on Marcel Mauss, this article contends that historians and sociologists should not focus on what prayer brings about, but on how it is brought about or “produced.” Specifically, it aims at bringing to light normative conceptions of prayer, through content analysis of Protestant children’s books, written by the Netherlands’ most important twentieth-century author of juvenile literature, W.G. van de Hulst. A recurrent theme in his earlier works is a “breach” in the prayer life of the (male) protagonists – their “conversion” from conventional, “ritual” prayer to individualised, improvised, “sincere” prayer. In his later works, by contrast, Van de Hulst suggested that “real prayer” can be learned gradually, in an intimate relationship between children – notably girls – and their mothers. The gender- and age-specific nature of these models for prayer is shown by mapping out differences between prayer scenes, e.g. with respect to social setting, body postures, and forms of address.
The Servants of Khonsu in Thebes Neferhotep and its Hierarchy of ḥm-nṯr Priests during the Twenty-First Dynasty
Authors: Villar Gómez Alba María 
Published: May 2017

Considered as the legitimate son and heir of Amun, Khonsu gained importance during the Ramesside Period in parallel with the birth of the Renaissance doctrine. This prominence is reflected in the biographical and genealogical information, which documents a substantial increase in the number of individuals performing administrative and religious functions for the different forms of Khonsu by the Twenty-First Dynasty.The complete prosopography of the personnel relating to the cult of Khonsu in Thebes Neferhotep presents new insights into a collective, subordinated to the clergy of Amun and active in more than one cult throughout the Karnak complex, but which fulfilled a significant role at Thebes. In this regard, the title of Thirdḥm-nṯrpriest of Khonsu must be highlighted; the contextualization of the emergence of this office and the study of its holders builds solid foundations for a better understanding of the Theban cultic and administrative domains leading up to and during the Twenty-First Dynasty.
Assessing CYGNSS’s Potential to Observe Extratropical Fronts and Cyclones
Authors: Crespo Juan A. , Posselt Derek J. , Naud Catherine M. , Bussy-Virat Charles 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) mission, launched in December 2016, is designed to estimate surface wind speeds over the global tropical oceans. Nevertheless, its orbit allows the constellation to view regions up to 40° latitude. As such, it is possible that CYGNSS will provide observations of a number of low-latitude extratropical cyclones and their associated fronts. In this study, one year of simulated CYGNSS specular point locations is combined with a database of objectively identified fronts and cyclones to assess the potential efficacy of CYGNSS for observing extratropical systems. It is found that, with the exception of regions poleward of warm fronts, the subset of locations in the simulated CYGNSS dataset nearly exactly matches the distribution of wind speeds and surface fluxes across frontal zones and near cyclone centers in the reanalysis database.
Co-creating a tailored public health intervention to reduce older adults’ sedentary behaviour
Authors: Leask Calum F , Sandlund Marlene , Skelton Dawn A , Chastin Sebastien FM 
Published: May 2017

Objective: The increasing health care costs associated with an ageing population and chronic disease burden are largely attributable to modifiable lifestyle factors that are complex and vary between individuals and settings. Traditional approaches to promoting healthy lifestyles have so far had limited success. Recently, co-creating public health interventions with end-users has been advocated to provide more effective and sustainable solutions. The aim of this study was to document and evaluate the co-creation of a public health intervention to reduce sedentary behaviour in older adults. Design: Community-dwelling older adults ( N = 11, mean age = 74 years) and academic researchers attended 10 interactive co-creation workshops together. Setting: Workshops took place on university campus and the co-creators completed fieldwork tasks outside the workshops. Method: Workshops were informed by the Participatory and Appreciative Action and Reflection methodology. Data were collected using field notes, video recording and worksheet tasks. Analysis was conducted using a qualitative content analysis approach. Results: The co-creators developed a tailored intervention delivered through a mode congruent with older adults’ lives. Key elements of the intervention included (1) education on sedentary behaviour, (2) resources to interrupt sedentary behaviour, (3) self-monitoring, (4) action planning and (5) evaluating the benefits of interrupting sedentary behaviour. Conclusion: Co-creation is a feasible approach to develop public health interventions; however, it is limited by the lack of a systematic framework to guide the process. Future work should aim to develop principles and recommendations to ensure co-creation can be conducted in a more scientific and reproducible way. The effectiveness and scalability of the intervention should be assessed.
Neonatal Morbidity Count Is Associated With a Reduced Likelihood of Achieving Recommendations for Protein, Lipid, and Energy in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ng Dawn V. Y. , Unger Sharon , Asbury Michelle , Kiss Alex , Bishara Rosine , Bando Nicole , Tomlinson Chris , Gibbins Sharyn , O’Connor Deborah L. ,   on behalf of the GTA‐DoMINO Feeding Group
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground: Serious morbidity may elevate nutrient requirements and affect adherence to feeding guidelines for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. An understanding of factors affecting nutrient intakes of VLBW infants will facilitate development of strategies to improve nutrient provision. Our aim was to examine the impact of neonatal morbidity count on achieving recommended nutrient intakes in VLBW infants. Methods: VLBW infants enrolled in the Donor Milk for Improved Neurodevelopmental Outcomes trial (ISRCTN35317141, n = 363) were included. Serious morbidities and daily parenteral and enteral intakes were collected prospectively. Results: Median intakes of infants with and without ≥1 morbidity met protein recommendations (3.5–4.5 g/kg/d) by week 2, although not maintained after week 4. Infants with ≥1 morbidity (vs without) were 2 weeks slower in achieving lipid (4.8–6.6 g/kg/d; week 4 vs 2) and energy (110–130 kcal/kg/d; week 5 vs 3) and 1 week slower in achieving carbohydrate recommendations (11.6–13.2 g/kg/d; week 4 vs 3). Adjusted hazard ratios of first achieving recommendations on any given day in infants with any 1 or 2 morbidities were 0.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5–0.9) and 0.6 (0.4–0.9), respectively, for protein; 0.5 (0.4–0.7) and 0.3 (0.2–0.5) for lipid; and 0.5 (0.4–0.7) and 0.3 (0.2–0.4) for energy. Conclusion: Morbidity is associated with a decreased likelihood of achieving lipid and consequently energy recommendations. This and the decline in protein intakes after the early neonatal period require further investigation to ensure optimal nutrition in this vulnerable population.
Acceptability of Complementary Foods That Incorporate Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder Among Infants and Their Caregivers
Authors: Boateng Laurene , Nyarko Ruth , Asante Matilda , Steiner-Asiedu Matilda 
Published: May 2017

Background: Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MLP) is a nutrient-rich and readily available food resource that has the potential to improve the micronutrient quality of complementary foods in developing countries. Objective: To investigate the acceptability of complementary foods fortified with MLP. Methods: Moringa oleifera leaf powder was fed to infants either as part of a cereal–legume complementary food blend (MCL-35 g) or by sprinkling as a food supplement (MS-5 g) on infant’s usual foods. Mother–infant pairs (n = 18 for the MCL-35 g group and n = 16 for the MS-5 g group) attending regular weight monitoring sessions were recruited to participate in the acceptability trial. The study consisted of an initial tasting session after which mothers were to feed the assigned foods to their infants for 14 days. Mothers rated color, odor, taste, and overall liking of the complementary foods using a 5-point hedonic scale. Primary outcome was the proportion of test porridge consumed. Results: On the tasting day, MCL-35 g group infants consumed an average of 64.27% ± 25.02 of the test porridge offered, whereas MS-5 g group infants consumed an average of 66.43% ± 29.09. During the 14-day period, median percent daily consumption for MCL-35 g was 71.5% of the daily recommended intake, whereas median percent daily consumption for MS-5 g was 86.2%. Conclusion: We conclude that complementary foods incorporating Moringa oleifera leaf powder either as part of a cereal–legume complementary food blend (MCL-35 g) or when sprinkled as a food supplement (MS-5 g) on infant’s usual foods were well accepted.
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit T follicular helper cell in lupus-prone mice
Authors: Yang X , Yang J , Li X , Ma W , Zou H 
Published: May 2017

Background The objective of this paper is to analyze the role of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on the differentiation of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in lupus-prone mice. Methods Bone marrow cells were isolated from C57BL/6 (B6) mice and cultured in vitro, and surface markers were identified by flow cytometry. Naïve CD4+ T cells, splenocytes and Tfh cells were isolated from B6 mice spleens and co-cultured with BM-MSCs. The proliferation and the differentiation of CD4+ T cells and Tfh cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Lupus-prone MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice were treated via intravenous injection with expanded BM-MSCs, the differentiation of Tfh cells was detected, and the relief of lupus nephritis was analyzed. Results MSCs could be successfully induced from bone marrow cells, and cultured BM-MSCs could inhibit T cell proliferation dose-dependently. BM-MSCs could prevent Tfh cell development from naïve CD4+ T cells and splenocytes. BM-MSCs could inhibit IL-21 gene expression and cytokine production and inhibit isolated Tfh cells and STAT3 phosphorylation. In vivo study proved that BM-MSCs intravenous injection could effectively inhibit Tfh cell expansion and IL-21 production, alleviate lupus nephritis, and prolong the survival rate of lupus-prone mice. Conclusions BM-MSCs could effectively inhibit the differentiation of Tfh cells both in vitro and in vivo. BM-MSC treatment could relieve lupus nephritis, which indicates that BM-MSCs might be a promising therapeutic method for the treatment of SLE.
Financialisation and inequality in Australia
Authors: Westcott Mark , Murray John 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe process of financialisation has been cast as a major contributor to increasing inequality of wealth and income in a number of advanced industrialised economies, but the nature of the link requires precise clarification. In this article, we argue that financialisation in Australia has advanced inequality, but in a particular way. Charting several features of ‘financialisation of the macroeconomy’, we accept that this process has contributed to increased inequality in the sense that the wealthy have increased their wealth faster than households and individuals at the lower end of the wealth distribution. However, there is limited Australian evidence to suggest that income redistribution has occurred as a result of the ‘financialisation of the firm’. At the level of the firm, increased inequality of wealth can be attributed directly to financialisation if firm practices are oriented to increasing shareholder value at the expense of returns to other stakeholders such as workers or suppliers, and increased income inequality can be linked specifically to financialisation through increases in earnings to financial agents. We suggest several reasons for the relative absence of a firm-level dimension of financialisation but caution that such a trend remains possible, particularly if regulation of the labour market is weakened.
Measuring Joint Flexibility in Hallux Rigidus Using a Novel Flexibility Jig
Authors: Cody Elizabeth A. , Kraszewski Andrew P. , Marinescu Anca , Kunas Grace C. , Mani Sriniwasan B. , Rao Smita , Hillstrom Howard H. , Ellis Scott J. 
Published: May 2017

Background: The flexibility of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint in patients with hallux rigidus (HR) has not been studied. Compared to measuring range of motion alone, measures of joint flexibility provide additional information that may prove useful in the assessment of HR. The purpose of this study was to assess the flexibility of the hallux MTP joint in patients with HR compared to controls using a novel flexibility device. Methods: Fifteen patients with Coughlin stage II or III HR and 20 healthy controls were recruited prospectively. Using a custom flexibility jig, each of 2 raters performed a series of seated and standing tests on each subject. Dorsiflexion angle and applied torque were plotted against each other to generate 5 different parameters of flexibility. Differences between (1) HR patients and controls and (2) the sitting and standing testing positions were assessed with t tests. Intrarater test-retest reliability, remove-replace reliability, and interrater reliability were assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: Patients in the HR group were older than patients in the control group ( P < .001) and had lower maximum dorsiflexion ( P < .001). HR patients were less flexible as measured by 3 of the 5 flexibility parameters: early flexibility (first 25% of motion; P = .027), laxity angle ( P < .001), and torque angle ( P = .002). After controlling for age, only laxity angle differed significantly between HR patients and controls ( P < .001). Generally, patients were more flexible when seated compared to standing, with this effect being more marked in HR patients. All parameters had good or excellent intra- and interrater reliability (ICC ≥ 0.60). Conclusions: Hallux MTP joint flexibility was reliably assessed in HR patients using a flexibility device. Patients with HR had decreased flexibility of the hallux MTP joint compared to control patients. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.
Vitamin D improves the content of TGF-β and IGF-1 in intervertebral disc of diabetic rats
Authors: An Ji-long , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jian , Lian Li-chao , Shen Yong , Ding Wen-yuan 
Published: May 2017

Objective: The contents of transforming growth factor-β and insulin-like growth factor-1 in disc of diabetic rats were measured at three different periods after injected with 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3, and compared with that in normal rats. The significance of content changes was also discussed. Methods: Fourty-five Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups, namely the experimental group (STZ+calcitriol), control group (STZ+citrate buffer), and normal group (citrate buffer). Complete lumbar discs in these groups were obtained at the second, fourth, sixth week, respectively. After paraffin-embedded sections and HE staining, the structure and morphology changes of disc were observed. The content of transforming growth factor-β and insulin-like growth factor-1 was measured by immunohistochemical method, and the expression of transforming growth factor-β and insulin-like growth factor-1 was detected by Western Blot. Results: In hematoxylin–eosin staining, degenerative changes were observed in disc of experimental and control group at three different periods, and there were no changes in disc in normal group. Immunohistochemical method indicated the content of transforming growth factor-β and insulin-like growth factor-1 in experimental and control group was significantly lower than normal group at three different periods ( P < 0.05). And there were significant differences between experimental and control group at three different periods ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Vitamin D can protect the degeneration of intervertebral disc and improve the content of transforming growth factor-β and insulin-like growth factor-1 in the intervertebral disc, which provides a new idea for the prevention and treatment of degenerative changes of the intervertebral disc in diabetic patients. Impact statement No researchers reported Vitamin D could protect degeneration of intervertebral disc. That is to say, we found a new method to prevent and treat degenerative changes of the intervertebral disc in diabetic patients. And Vitamin D prevented the discs by improving the content of TGF-β and IGF-1.
Age-Specific Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Humeral Medial Epicondyle Apophysitis and Osteochondritis Dissecans: Ultrasonographic Assessment of 4249 Players
Authors: Otoshi Kenichi , Kikuchi Shinichi , Kato Kinshi , Sato Ryohei , Igari Takahiro , Kaga Takahiro , Konno Shinichi 
Published: May 2017

Background: Traction apophysitis of medial epicondyle (MEC) lesions and osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum are common elbow injuries in adolescent baseball players. However, the age-specific prevalence of these pathologies and their influence on elbow pain remain unknown. Purpose: To investigate the age-specific prevalence of each MEC lesion and capitellar OCD and to identify the incidence of elbow pain in each condition. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Study participants consisted of 4249 baseball players aged 6 to 17 years. A questionnaire was used to assess history of elbow pain, and morphological changes of the elbow joint were assessed using ultrasonography. Results: Regarding MEC lesions, fragmented (FG) and irregular (IR) lesions both reached their greatest respective prevalence at 11 to 12 years of age. After 14 years of age, IR decreased sharply, whereas FG was maintained at approximately 10%. Hypertrophic (HT) lesions increased sharply, reaching over 50% at 16 years of age, while there was a decrease in IR and FG lesions in the same age group. The prevalence of capitellar OCD remained the same (approximately 2%) throughout all ages except for in players aged 7 to 8 years (>7%). Players with MEC lesions had significantly greater prevalence of a history of elbow pain compared with those without (68.0% vs 39.1%) and were at a significantly greater risk for FG lesions (odds ratio [OR], 4.04; 95% CI, 3.16-5.22) compared with IR (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 2.44-4.27) and HT lesions (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.75-2.36). Players with capitellar OCD also had a significantly greater risk of a history of elbow pain (OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.40-4.11). Conclusion: Controlling the amount of practice and its intensity according to the condition of each player in the preadolescent and adolescent periods may be important in accelerating bony healing and decreasing preventable elbow pain in adulthood.
High PD-1 expression on regulatory and effector T-cells in lung cancer draining lymph nodes
Authors: van de Ven Rieneke , Niemeijer Anna-Larissa N. , Stam Anita G.M. , Hashemi Sayed M.S. , Slockers Christian G. , Daniels Johannes M. , Thunnissen Erik , Smit Egbert F. , de Gruijl Tanja D. , de Langen Adrianus J. 
Published: May 2017

The treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors has improved clinical outcome for a proportion of patients. The current challenge is to find better biomarkers than PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) that will identify patients likely to benefit from this therapy. In this exploratory study we assessed the differences in T-cell subsets and PD-1 expression levels on T-cells in tumour-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).To evaluate this, flow cytometric analyses were performed on endobronchial ultrasound-guided (EBUS) fine-needle aspirates (FNA) from TDLNs of patients with NSCLC, and the results were compared to paired PBMC samples. For a select number of patients, we were also able to obtain cells from a non-TDLN (NTDLN) sample.Our data show that the frequency of PD-1+CD4+and CD8+T-cells, as well as the PD-1 expression level on activated regulatory T (aTreg) and CD4+and CD8+T-cells, are higher in TDLNs than in PBMCs and, in a small sub-analysis, NTDLNs.These elevated PD-1 expression levels in TDLNs may reflect tumour-specific T-cell priming and conditioning, and may serve as a predictive or early-response biomarker during PD-1 checkpoint blockade.