bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coupling multielectrode array recordings with silver labeling of recording sites to study cervical spinal network connectivity
Authors: Streeter K. A. , Sunshine M. D. , Patel S. R. , Liddell S. S. , Denholtz L. E. , Reier P. J. , Fuller D. D. , Baekey D. M. 
Published: December 2016

Midcervical spinal interneurons form a complex and diffuse network and may be involved in modulating phrenic motor output. The intent of the current work was to enable a better understanding of midcervical “network-level” connectivity by pairing the neurophysiological multielectrode array (MEA) data with histological verification of the recording locations. We first developed a method to deliver 100-nA currents to electroplate silver onto and subsequently deposit silver from electrode tips after obtaining midcervical (C3–C5) recordings using an MEA in anesthetized and ventilated adult rats. Spinal tissue was then fixed, harvested, and histologically processed to “develop” the deposited silver. Histological studies verified that the silver deposition method discretely labeled (50-μm resolution) spinal recording locations between laminae IV and X in cervical segments C3-C5. Using correlative techniques, we next tested the hypothesis that midcervical neuronal discharge patterns are temporally linked. Cross-correlation histograms produced few positive peaks (5.3%) in the range of 0–0.4 ms, but 21.4% of neuronal pairs had correlogram peaks with a lag of ≥0.6 ms. These results are consistent with synchronous discharge involving mono- and polysynaptic connections among midcervical neurons. We conclude that there is a high degree of synaptic connectivity in the midcervical spinal cord and that the silver-labeling method can reliably mark metal electrode recording sites and “map” interneuron populations, thereby providing a low-cost and effective tool for use in MEA experiments. We suggest that this method will be useful for further exploration of midcervical network connectivity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We describe a method that reliably identifies the locations of multielectrode array (MEA) recording sites while preserving the surrounding tissue for immunohistochemistry. To our knowledge, this is the first cost-effective method to identify the anatomic locations of neuronal ensembles recorded with a MEA during acute preparations without the requirement of specialized array electrodes. In addition, evaluation of activity recorded from silver-labeled sites revealed a previously unappreciated degree of connectivity between midcervical interneurons.
Cancer Survival Disparities Between First Nation and Non-Aboriginal Adults in Canada: Follow-up of the 1991 Census Mortality Cohort
Authors: Withrow Diana R. , Pole Jason D. , Nishri E. Diane , Tjepkema Michael , Marrett Loraine D. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackground: The burden of cancer among indigenous people in Canada has been understudied due to a lack of ethnic identifiers in cancer registries. We compared cancer survival among First Nations to that among non-Aboriginal adults in Canada in the first national study of its kind to date.Methods: A population-based cohort of approximately 2 million respondents to the 1991 Canadian Long Form Census was followed for cancer diagnoses and deaths using probabilistic linkage to cancer and death registries until 2009. Excess mortality rate ratios (EMRR) and 5-year age-standardized relative survival rates were calculated for 15 cancers using age, sex, ethnicity, and calendar-time–specific life tables derived from the cohort at large.Results: First Nations diagnosed with cancers of the colon and rectum, lung and bronchus, breast, prostate, oral cavity and pharynx, cervix, ovary, or with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and leukemia all had significantly poorer 5-year survival than their non-Aboriginal peers. For colorectal cancer, a significant disparity was only present between 2001 and 2009 (EMRR: 1.52; 95% CI, 1.28–1.80). For prostate cancer, a significant disparity was only present between 1992 and 2000 (EMRR: 2.76; 95% CI, 1.81–4.21). Adjusting for income and rurality had little impact on the EMRRs.Conclusions: Compared with non-Aboriginals, First Nations people had poorer survival for 14 of 15 of the most common cancers, and disparities could not be explained by income and rurality.Impact: The results of this study can serve as a benchmark for monitoring progress toward narrowing the gap in survival. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(1); 145–51. ©2016 AACR.
Selective Targeting of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer Patients Using DS-8273a, an Agonistic TRAIL-R2 Antibody
Authors: Dominguez George A. , Condamine Thomas , Mony Sridevi , Hashimoto Ayumi , Wang Fang , Liu Qin , Forero Andres , Bendell Johanna , Witt Robert , Hockstein Neil , Kumar Prasanna , Gabrilovich Dmitry I. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Purpose: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are one of the major contributors to immune suppression in cancer. We recently have demonstrated in preclinical study that MDSCs are sensitive to TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) agonist. The goal of this study was to clinically test the hypothesis that targeting TRAIL-R2 can selectively eliminate MDSCs.
Experimental Design: The TRAIL-R2 agonistic antibody (DS-8273a) has been tested in 16 patients with advanced cancers enrolled in a phase I trial. The antibody (24 mg/kg) was administered intravenously once every 3 weeks till disease progression, unacceptable toxicities, or withdrawal of consent. The safety and the presence of various populations of myeloid and lymphoid cells in peripheral blood and tumor tissues were evaluated.
Results: The treatment was well tolerated with only mild to moderate adverse events attributable to the study drug. Treatment with DS-8273a resulted in reduction of the elevated numbers of MDSCs in the peripheral blood of most patients to the levels observed in healthy volunteers. However, in several patients, MDSCs rebounded back to the pretreatment level by day 42. In contrast, DS-8273a did not affect the number of neutrophils, monocytes, and other populations of myeloid and lymphoid cells. Decrease in MDSCs inversely correlated with the length of progression-free survival. In tumors, DS-8273a treatment resulted in a decrease of MDSCs in 50% of the patients who were able to provide pre- and on-treatment biopsies.
Conclusions: Targeting TRAIL-R2 resulted in elimination of different populations of MDSCs without affecting mature myeloid or lymphoid cells. These data support the use of this antibody in combination immmunotherapy of cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 23(12); 2942–50. ©2016 AACR.
Identifying High-Risk Women for Endometrial Cancer Prevention Strategies: Proposal of an Endometrial Cancer Risk Prediction Model
Authors: Kitson Sarah J. , Evans D. Gareth , Crosbie Emma J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAlready the fourth most common cancer in women in the developed world, the incidence of endometrial cancer is increasing rapidly, in line with the increasing prevalence of obesity. Relatively few studies have been undertaken of risk-reducing interventions aimed at limiting the impact of the disease on both individuals and the health service. Those that have been performed have demonstrated only modest results due to their application in relatively unselected populations. A validated risk prediction model is therefore urgently required to identify individuals at particularly high risk of endometrial cancer who may benefit from targeted primary prevention strategies and to guide trial eligibility. On the basis of a systematic review of the literature, the evidence for inclusion of measures of obesity, reproduction, insulin resistance, and genetic risk in such a model is discussed, and the strength of association between these risk factors and endometrial cancer is used to guide the development of a pragmatic risk prediction scoring system that could be implemented in the general population. Provisional cutoff values are described pending refinement of the model and external validation in large prospective cohorts. Potential risk-reducing interventions are suggested, highlighting the need for future studies in this area if the increasing tide of endometrial cancer is to be stemmed. Cancer Prev Res; 10(1); 1–13. ©2016 AACR.
INNOVATION Study (Impact of Immediate Stent Implantation Versus Deferred Stent Implantation on Infarct Size and Microvascular Perfusion in Patients With ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction)
Authors: Kim Je Sang , Lee Hyun Jong , Woong Yu Cheol , Kim Yang Min , Hong Soon Jun , Park Jae Hyung , Choi Rak Kyeong , Choi Young Jin , Park Jin Sik , Kim Tae Hoon , Jang Ho-Jun , Joo Hyung Joon , Cho Sang-A , Ro Young Moo , Lim Do-Sun 
Published: December 2016

Background—
The aim of this study was to assess whether deferred stenting (DS) reduces infarct size and microvascular obstruction (MVO) compared with immediate stenting (IS) in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results—

From February 2013 to August 2015, 114 patients (mean age: 69 years) were randomized into the following 2 groups: DS with an intention to stent 3 to 7 days later or IS after primary reperfusion in 2 centers. The primary and secondary end points were infarct size and the incidence of MVO, respectively, assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at 30 days after primary reperfusion. The median time to the second procedure in the DS was 72.8 hours. Six patients in the DS group were crossed over to the IS group because of progression of dissection or safety concerns after randomization. In the intention-to-treat analysis, DS did not significantly reduce infarct size (15.0% versus 19.4%;
P
=0.112) and the incidence of MVO (42.6% versus 57.4%;
P
=0.196), compared with IS. However, in anterior wall myocardial infarction, infarct size (16.1% versus 22.7%;
P
=0.017) and the incidence of MVO (43.8% versus 70.3%;
P
=0.047) were significantly reduced in the DS group. There was no urgent revascularization event during deferral period.

Conclusions—
A routine DS did not significantly reduce infarct size and MVO compared with IS, although it was safe. The beneficial effect of DS in patients with anterior myocardial infarction should be confirmed by larger randomized studies.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02324348.
Discharge Disposition After Stroke in Patients With Liver Disease
Authors: Parikh Neal S. , Merkler Alexander E. , Schneider Yecheskel , Navi Babak B. , Kamel Hooman 
Published: December 2016

Background and Purpose—
Liver disease is associated with both hemorrhagic and thrombotic processes, including an elevated risk of intracranial hemorrhage. We sought to assess the relationship between liver disease and outcomes after stroke, as measured by discharge disposition.

Methods—
Using administrative claims data, we identified a cohort of patients hospitalized with stroke in California, Florida, and New York from 2005 to 2013. The predictor variable was liver disease. All diagnoses were defined using validated diagnosis codes. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze the association between liver disease and worsening discharge disposition: home, nursing/rehabilitation facility, or death. Secondarily, multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the association between liver disease and in-hospital mortality. Models were adjusted for demographics, vascular risk factors, and comorbidities.

Results—
We identified 121 428 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and 703 918 with ischemic stroke. Liver disease was documented in 13 584 patients (1.7%). Liver disease was associated with worse discharge disposition after both intracerebral hemorrhage (global odds ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.19–1.38) and ischemic stroke (odds ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–1.29). Similarly, liver disease was associated with in-hospital death after both intracerebral hemorrhage (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–1.44) and ischemic stroke (odds ratio, 1.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.51–1.71).

Conclusions—
Liver disease was associated with worse hospital discharge disposition and in-hospital mortality after stroke, suggesting worse functional outcomes.
Local availability of green and blue space and prevalence of common mental disorders in the Netherlands
Authors: de Vries Sjerp , ten Have Margreet , van Dorsselaer Saskia , van Wezep Manja , Hermans Tia , de Graaf Ron 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundPrevious studies revealed a relationship between residential green space availability and health, especially mental health. Studies on blue space are scarcer and results less conclusive.AimsTo investigate the hypotheses that green and blue space availability are negatively associated with anxiety and mood disorders, and positively associated with self-reported mental and general health.MethodHealth data were derived from a nationally representative survey (NEMESIS-2,n=6621), using a diagnostic interview to assess disorders. Green and blue space availability were expressed as percentages of the area within 1 km from one's home.ResultsThe hypotheses were confirmed, except for green space and mood disorders. Associations were generally stronger for blue space than for green space, with ORs up to 0.74 for a 10%-point increase.ConclusionsDespite the different survey design and health measures, the results largely replicate those of previous studies on green space. Blue space availability deserves more systematic attention.
Missed opportunity to screen and diagnose PTSD and depression among deploying shipboard US military personnel
Authors: Harbertson Judith , Hale Braden R. , Michael Nelson L. , Scott Paul T. 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundDepression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are significant risks for suicide and other adverse events among US military personnel, but prevalence data among ship-assigned personnel at the onset of deployment are unknown.AimsTo determine the prevalence of shipboard personnel who screen positive for PTSD and/or major depressive disorder (MDD) at the onset of deployment, and also those who reported these diagnoses made by a physician or healthcare professional in the year prior to deployment.MethodActive-duty ship-assigned personnel (N = 2078) completed anonymous assessments at the beginning of deployment. Depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D; score of ≥22), and PTSD was assessed using the PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C; both score and symptom criteria were used).ResultsIn total, 7.3% (n = 151 of 2076) screened positive for PTSD and 22% (n = 461 of 2078) for MDD at deployment onset. Only 6% and 15% of those who screened positive for PTSD or MDD, respectively, had been diagnosed by a healthcare professional in the past year.ConclusionsMissed opportunities for mental healthcare among screen-positive shipboard personnel reduce the benefits associated with early identification and linkage to care. Improved methods of mental health screening that promote early recognition and referral to care may mitigate psychiatric events in theatre.
Disturbed EEG sleep, paranoid cognition and somatic symptoms identify veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Moldofsky Harvey , Rothman Lorne , Kleinman Robert , Rhind Shawn G. , Richardson J. Donald 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundChronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) behavioural symptoms and medically unexplainable somatic symptoms are reported to occur following the stressful experience of military combatants in war zones.AimsTo determine the contribution of disordered EEG sleep physiology in those military combatants who have unexplainable physical symptoms and PTSD behavioural difficulties following war-zone exposure.MethodThis case-controlled study compared 59 veterans with chronic sleep disturbance with 39 veterans with DSM-IV and clinician-administered PTSD Scale diagnosed PTSD who were unresponsive to pharmacological and psychological treatments. All had standardised EEG polysomnography, computerised sleep EEG cyclical alternating pattern (CAP) as a measure of sleep stability, self-ratings of combat exposure, paranoid cognition and hostility subscales of Symptom Checklist-90, Beck Depression Inventory and the Wahler Physical Symptom Inventory. Statistical group comparisons employed linear models, logistic regression and chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID)-like decision trees.ResultsVeterans with PTSD were more likely than those without PTSD to show disturbances in non-rapid eye movement (REM) and REM sleep including delayed sleep onset, less efficient EEG sleep, less stage 4 (deep) non-REM sleep, reduced REM and delayed onset to REM. There were no group differences in the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoeas/hypopnoeas and periodic leg movements, but sleep-disturbed, non-PTSD military had more EEG CAP sleep instability. Rank order determinants for the diagnosis of PTSD comprise paranoid thinking, onset to REM sleep, combat history and somatic symptoms. Decision-tree analysis showed that a specific military event (combat), delayed onset to REM sleep, paranoid thinking and medically unexplainable somatic pain and fatigue characterise chronic PTSD. More PTSD veterans reported domestic and social misbehaviour.ConclusionsMilitary combat, disturbed REM/non-REM EEG sleep, paranoid ideation and medically unexplained chronic musculoskeletal pain and fatigue are key factors in determining PTSD disability following war-zone exposure.
Using daily monitoring of psychiatric symptoms to evaluate hospital length of stay
Authors: Page Andrew C. , Cunningham Nadia K. , Hooke Geoffrey R. 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundRoutine symptom monitoring and feedback improves out-patient outcomes, but the feasibility of its use to inform decisions about discharge from in-patient care has not been explored.AimsTo examine the potential value to clinical decision-making of monitoring symptoms during psychiatric in-patient hospitalisation.MethodA total of 1102 in-patients in a private psychiatric hospital, primarily with affective and neurotic disorders, rated daily distress levels throughout their hospital stay. The trajectories of patients who had, and had not, met a criterion of clinically significant improvement were examined.ResultsTwo-thirds of patients (n=604) met the clinically significant improvement criterion at discharge, and three-quarters (n=867) met the criterion earlier during their hospital stay. After meeting the criterion, the majority (73.2%) showed stable symptoms across the remainder of their hospital stay, and both classes showed substantially lower symptoms than at admission.ConclusionsMonitoring of progress towards this criterion provides additional information regarding significant treatment response that could inform clinical decisions around discharge readiness.
The peiminine stimulating autophagy in human colorectal carcinoma cells via AMPK pathway by SQSTM1
Authors: Zheng Zhi , He Qinsi , Xu Liting , Cui Wenhao , Bai Hua , Zhang Zhe , Rao Jun , Dou Fangfang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAutophagy is a conserved catabolic process, which functions in maintenance of cellular homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. The self-eating process engulfs cellular long-lived proteins and organelles with double-membrane vesicles, and forms a so-called autophagosome. Degradation of contents via fusion with lysosome provides recycled building blocks for synthesis of new molecules during stress, e.g. starvation. Peiminine is a steroidal alkaloid extracted from Fritillaria thunbergii which is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Previously, peiminine has been identified to induce autophagy in human colorectal carcinoma cells. In this study, we further investigated whether peiminine could induce autophagic cell death via activating autophagy-related signaling pathway AMPK-mTOR-ULK by promoting SQSTM1(P62). Xenograft tumor growth in vivo suggested that both peiminine and starvation inhibit the growth of tumor size and weight, which was prominently enhanced when peiminine and starvation combined. The therapeutical effect of peiminine in cancer treatment is to be expected.
The solvable length of groups of local diffeomorphisms
Authors: Ribón Javier 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We are interested in the algebraic properties of groups of local biholomorphisms and their
consequences. A natural question is whether the complexity of solvable groups is bounded
by the dimension of the ambient space. In this spirit we
show that

2
⁢
n

+
1

{2n+1}

is the sharpest upper bound for the derived length of solvable subgroups
of the group

Diff
⁢

(

ℂ
n

,
0
)

{\mathrm{Diff}({\mathbb{C}}^{n},0)}

of local complex analytic diffeomorphisms
for

n
=

2
,
3
,
4
,
5

{n=2,3,4,5}

.
An empirical comparison of some
experimental designs for the valuation of
large variable annuity portfolios
Authors: Gan Guojun , Valdez Emiliano A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Variable annuities contain complex guarantees, whose fair market value cannot be calculated in
closed form. To value the guarantees, insurance companies rely heavily on Monte Carlo simulation, which
is extremely computationally demanding for large portfolios of variable annuity policies. Metamodeling approaches
have been proposed to address these computational issues. An important step of metamodeling
approaches is the experimental design that selects a small number of representative variable annuity policies
for building metamodels. In this paper, we compare empirically several multivariate experimental design
methods for the GB2 regression model, which has been recently discovered to be an attractive model
to estimate the fair market value of variable annuity guarantees. Among the experimental design methods
examined, we found that the data clustering method and the conditional Latin hypercube sampling method
produce the most accurate results.
Refinements of the weighted generalized trapezoid inequality in terms of cumulative variation and applications
Authors: Liu Wenjun , Zhang Heng 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we first establish some refinements of the weighted generalized trapezoid inequality for functions of bounded variation in terms of a cumulative variation function, and then obtain some perturbed versions of the weighted generalized trapezoid inequality. Several applications for selfadjoint operators on complex Hilbert spaces are also given.
Comparison of foliar fertilizers and growth
regulators on pre-harvest drop and fruit quality of ‘Thompson Navel’ orange
Authors: Mollapur Yaser , Miri Seied Mehdi , Hadavi Ebrahim 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
An investigation was carried out to determine
the ability of foliar fertilizers and growth regulators to
prevent pre-harvest drop and enhance navel orange fruit
quality. Fifteen year old trees of the Thompson Navel
orange variety were sprayed with aqueous solutions of
one of the following: methanol (0.13%), calcium nitrate
(0.25%), zinc sulfate (1%) + urea (0.5%), fermented sugar-
cane extract (2.8%), salicylic acid (1 or 3 mM), citric acid (5
mM), or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.002%).
Results indicated that foliar treatment with 2,4-D reduced
fruit drop (2.6%) as compared to the control (15.2%). Fruit
decay was delayed and flavor improved by 5 mM citric acid.
Weight loss was reduced after 3mM salicylic acid applica-
tion, while methanol (0.13%), salicylic acid (1 and 3 mM)
and citric acid (5 mM) caused a delay in fruit coloring.
Numerical solution to the Complex 2D Helmholtz Equation based on Finite Volume Method with Impedance Boundary Conditions
Authors: Handlovičová Angela , Riečanová Izabela 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this paper, the numerical solution to the Helmholtz equation with impedance boundary condition, based on the Finite volume method, is discussed. We used the Robin boundary condition using exterior points. Properties of the weak solution to the Helmholtz equation and numerical solution are presented. Further the numerical experiments, comparing the numerical solution with the exact one, and the computation of the experimental order of convergence are presented.