bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Institutional capacity to provide psychosocial oncology support services: A report from the Association of Oncology Social Work
Authors: Zebrack Brad , Kayser Karen , Padgett Lynne , Sundstrom Laura , Jobin Chad , Nelson Krista , Fineberg Iris C. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDThis study reports cancer‐treating institutions' capacity to deliver comprehensive psychosocial support services.METHODSOncology care providers at 60 cancer‐treating institutions completed surveys assessing the capacity of their institutions to provide psychosocial care. Capacity was assessed with the Cancer Psychosocial Care Matrix (CPCM) from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Scores represented individuals' perceptions of their cancer program's performance with respect to 10 fundamental elements of psychosocial care.RESULTSAmong 2134 respondents, 62% reported a mid‐level capacity for ≥5 of 10 CPCM items. In comparison with other types of cancer programs (eg, NCI‐designated, academic, or comprehensive centers), providers at community cancer programs reported a significantly greater capacity with respect to patient‐provider communication, psychosocial needs assessment, and continuity in the delivery of psychosocial care over time. Nurses and primary medical providers reported a significantly lower capacity for linking patients and families with needed psychosocial services within their respective cancer programs. They also reported a significantly higher capacity for conducting follow‐up, re‐evaluations, and adjustments of psychosocial treatment plans.CONCLUSIONSCancer programs are performing moderately well in terms of communicating to patients the importance of psychosocial care, identifying patient psychosocial needs, and referring patients and families to psychosocial services. They are doing less well with respect to the provision of that care over time. Findings suggest that gaps in psychosocial service capacity are a function of patient, provider, and system characteristics. These results may be useful in formulating strategies to enhance psychosocial care delivery. Cancer 2016;122:1937–45. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Not All Autonomy is the Same. Different Dimensions of Job Autonomy and Their Relation to Work Engagement & Innovative Work Behavior
Authors: De Spiegelaere Stan , Van Gyes Guy , Van Hootegem Geert 
Published: April 2016

AbstractJob autonomy is a key enabling factor for employee engagement and innovative employee behavior. Although job autonomy used to be viewed as a multi‐dimensional construct, there has been little recent discussion on the different dimensions of job autonomy and how they relate to employee outcomes. This study uses a sample of 927 employees from different sectors to research the relation between autonomy regarding the (1) work method, (2) work scheduling, (3) work time and (4) place of work and two main employee outcomes: work engagement (WE) and innovative work behavior (IWB). The results show that all studied dimensions of autonomy are bivariatly related to higher levels of WE and IWB. Yet, when simultaneously analyzing the dimensions of job autonomy using structural equations modelling, most of the effects become insignificant. For WE, only the effect of work method autonomy is statistically significant. For IWB, work method and locational autonomy play a positive role. This signals that the current managerial attention for, e.g., work time autonomy (flexitime) does only contribute to enhanced work engagement and IWB insofar as such a systems result in higher work method autonomy.
Have applications of continuous rainfall–runoff simulation realized the vision for process‐based flood frequency analysis?
Authors: Lamb Rob , Faulkner Duncan , Wass Paul , Cameron David 
Published: April 2016

AbstractKeith Beven was amongst the first to propose and demonstrate a combination of conceptual rainfall–runoff modelling and stochastically generated rainfall data in what is known as the ‘continuous simulation’ approach for flood frequency analysis. The motivations included the potential to establish better links with physical processes and to avoid restrictive assumptions inherent in existing methods applied in design flood studies. Subsequently, attempts have been made to establish continuous simulation as a routine method for flood frequency analysis, particularly in the UK. The approach has not been adopted universally, but numerous studies have benefitted from applications of continuous simulation methods. This paper asks whether industry has yet realized the vision of the pioneering research by Beven and others. It reviews the generic methodology and illustrates applications of the original vision for a more physically realistic approach to flood frequency analysis through a set of practical case studies, highlighting why continuous simulation was useful and appropriate in each case. The case studies illustrate how continuous simulation has helped to offer users of flood frequency analysis more confidence about model results by avoiding (or exposing) bad assumptions relating to catchment heterogeneity, inappropriateness of assumptions made in (UK) industry‐standard design event flood estimation methods, and the representation of engineered or natural dynamic controls on flood flows. By implementing the vision for physically realistic analysis of flood frequency through continuous simulation, each of these examples illustrates how more relevant and improved information was provided for flood risk decision‐making than would have been possible using standard methods. They further demonstrate that integrating engineered infrastructure into flood frequency analysis and assessment of environmental change are also significant motivations for adopting the continuous simulation approach in practice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Active layer hydrology in an arctic tundra ecosystem: quantifying water sources and cycling using water stable isotopes
Authors: Throckmorton Heather M. , Newman Brent D. , Heikoop Jeffrey M. , Perkins George B. , Feng Xiahong , Graham David E. , O'Malley Daniel , Vesselinov Velimir V. , Young Jessica , Wullschleger Stan D. , Wilson Cathy J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractClimate change and thawing permafrost in the Arctic will significantly alter landscape hydro‐geomorphology and the distribution of soil moisture, which will have cascading effects on climate feedbacks (CO2 and CH4) and plant and microbial communities. Fundamental processes critical to predicting active layer hydrology are not well understood. This study applied water stable isotope techniques (δ2H and δ18O) to infer sources and mixing of active layer waters in a polygonal tundra landscape in Barrow, Alaska (USA), in August and September of 2012. Results suggested that winter precipitation did not contribute substantially to surface waters or subsurface active layer pore waters measured in August and September. Summer rain was the main source of water to the active layer, with seasonal ice melt contributing to deeper pore waters later in the season. Surface water evaporation was evident in August from a characteristic isotopic fractionation slope (δ2H vs δ18O). Freeze‐out isotopic fractionation effects in frozen active layer samples and textural permafrost were indistinguishable from evaporation fractionation, emphasizing the importance of considering the most likely processes in water isotope studies, in systems where both evaporation and freeze‐out occur in close proximity. The fractionation observed in frozen active layer ice was not observed in liquid active layer pore waters. Such a discrepancy between frozen and liquid active layer samples suggests mixing of meltwater, likely due to slow melting of seasonal ice. This research provides insight into fundamental processes relating to sources and mixing of active layer waters, which should be considered in process‐based fine‐scale and intermediate‐scale hydrologic models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Precipitation stable isotope variability and subcloud evaporation processes in a semi‐arid region
Authors: Crawford Jagoda , Hollins Suzanne E. , Meredith Karina T. , Hughes Catherine E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe stable isotopic (2H/1H and 18O/16O) composition of precipitation has been used for a variety of hydrological and paleoclimate studies, a starting point for which is the behaviour of stable isotopes in modern precipitation. To this end, daily precipitation samples were collected over a 7‐year period (2008–2014) at a semi‐arid site located at the Macquarie Marshes, New South Wales (Australia). The samples were analysed for stable isotope composition, and factors affecting the isotopic variability were investigated. The best correlation between δ18O of precipitation was with local surface relative humidity.The reduced major axis precipitation weighted local meteoric water line was δ2H = 7.20 δ18O + 9.1. The lower slope and intercept (when compared with the Global Meteoric Water Line) are typical for a warm dry climate, where subcloud evaporation of raindrops is experienced. A previously published model to estimate the degree of subcloud evaporation and the subsequent isotopic modification of raindrops was enhanced to include the vertical temperature and humidity profile. The modelled results for raindrops of 1.0 mm radius showed that on average, the measured D‐excess (=δ2H − 8 δ18O) was 19.8‰ lower than that at the base of the cloud, and 18% of the moisture was evaporated before ground level (smaller effects were modelled for larger raindrops). After estimating the isotopic signature at the base of the cloud, a number of data points still plotted below the global meteoric water line, suggesting that some of the moisture was sourced from previously evaporated water.Back trajectory analysis estimated that 38% of the moisture was sourced over land. Precipitation samples for which a larger proportion of the moisture was sourced over land were 18O and 2H‐enriched in comparison to samples for which the majority of the moisture was sourced over the ocean.The most common weather systems resulting in precipitation were inland trough systems; however, only East Coast Lows contributed to a significant difference in the isotopic values. Copyright © 2016 Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation. Hydrological Processes. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Deficiency is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Uygur Population of China
Authors: Yi Xianglong , Sun Jialin , Li Li , Wei Qin , Qian Yi , Chen Xueyi , Ma Ling 
Published: April 2016

Abstract1,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] has recently been shown to have immunomodulatory property. This study aimed to investigate the expression and potential role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Uygur population. Blood samples were obtained from 22 patients with proliferative DR (PDR), 29 patients with nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and 24 normal controls. ELISA was performed to estimate the serum levels of 1,25(OH)2D3. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with or without 1,25(OH)2D3 in the presence of anti‐CD3 and anti‐CD28 antibodies to detect the secretion of cytokines and cell proliferation. The FACS cytometric bead array system was used to analyze cytokine levels in the serum and culture supernatants. The Cell Counting Kit was used to determine the rate of cell proliferation. In this study, we found that the patients with PDR showed a decreased serum level of 1,25(OH)2D3 and increased production of IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐17A, by anti‐CD3 and anti‐CD28 antibodies activated PBMCs. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly inhibited the proliferation of PBMCs, as well as the secretion of IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐17A. Overall, our findings suggest a potential protective effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 in DR, whereas supplementation with 1,25(OH)2D3 might be an effective strategy for preventing the development of DR. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(6):445–451, 2016
Potential use of vegetable waste for biofuel production
Authors: de Jesus Sérgio S , Santana Aline , Ponce Gustavo HSF , Maciel Filho Rubens 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, the use of vegetable waste as a potential source of raw material for biofuel production was investigated. The microalga Chlorella vulgaris was used to maximize the production of lipids and carbohydrates. The culture medium was prepared with vegetable waste and diluted in the following proportions of medium:water: 1:0, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3; the resulting solutions were adjusted for three different pH values (5.5, 7.2, 8.5). For a comparative analysis, modified CHU‐10 medium was used.RESULTSThe initial concentration of carbon in the medium was 279.6 ± 3.5 mg L−1, while nitrogen was 11.22 ± 1.32 mg L−1. The growth in heterotrophic conditions was performed for 21 days, during which it was observed that higher concentrations of biomass and higher productivity of lipids and carbohydrates were obtained in cultures performed in medium without dilution (1:0) and pH 5.5; however, higher yields of lipids and carbohydrates were obtained when the medium was diluted in the proportion 1:3 and with alkaline pH.CONCLUSIONThe results of this study should encourage the use of vegetable waste as raw material for the production of microalgae rich in lipids and carbohydrates for the production of environmentally friendly fuels. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Usefulness of the quantitative evaluation of diffusion‐weighted mri in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament tears
Authors: Park Hee Jin , Lee So Yeon , Rho Myung Ho , Kim Mi Sung , Kwon Heon Ju , Chung Eun Chul 
Published: April 2016

PurposeTo evaluate the usefulness of the diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear using the contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values according to the different b values.Materials and MethodsInstitutional review board approval was acquired. We evaluated 74 patients (M:F = 43:31, mean age of 44 years) who underwent 3.0 Tesla knee MR with DWI because of the possibility of ACL tear due to trauma. Region of interest measurements were performed. We (two radiologists) measured the signals of the DWI and derived ADC values on the oblique sagittal DWI with b values of 0, 600, and 1000. The diagnostic accuracies of the conventional MR image and each DWI with an ADC value with a different b value were evaluated. The CNR and ADC values were compared using the Mann‐Whitney U‐test. The diagnostic performances of the various imaging methods were evaluated using the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for differentiating between normal and ACL injury as determined by the use of conventional MRI with additional DWIs with McNemar test. The arthroscopic or clinical findings were used as the reference standard.ResultsThe mean CNRs of ligament tears with b values of 600 and 1000 were significantly higher than those of normal ligament (22 versus 7 and 9 versus 4, P value < 0.05). The sensitivities and the accuracies of the DWI were significantly lower than the conventional MRIs (P value < 0.001). Conclusions: The CNRs of the torn ACL with each b value (600 and 1000) were significantly higher those of than normal ligament, although the ADC values of the torn ligament were not different from normal ligament. Addition of the DWI to the conventional MRI did not improve diagnostic performance. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:1116–1122.
Identification of early atherosclerotic lesions in carotid arteries with quantitative characteristics measured by 3D MRI
Authors: Qiao Huiyu , He Qiong , Chen Zhensen , Xu Dongxiang , Huang Lingyun , He Le , Jiang Li , Li Rui , Luo Jianwen , Yuan Chun , Zhao Xihai 
Published: April 2016

PurposeTo evaluate the usefulness of quantitative characteristics of morphology and signal intensity of arterial wall measured by 3D multicontrast magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (MRVWI) in identification of carotid early atherosclerosis (CEAS).Materials and MethodsIn all, 61 older subjects (mean age 71.8 ± 5.6 years old; 25 males) without cardiovascular symptoms in the last 6 months were recruited. The carotid arteries without advanced plaque features on 3.0T MRI were included for analysis. Ultrasound imaging was used as a reference to identify CEAS. The morphological parameters including lumen area (LA), wall area (WA), wall thickness (WT), and normalized wall index (NWI = WA/[WA+LA] × 100%) and the signal intensity on 3.0T MR T2‐weighted images (T2SI) of the carotid arterial wall were measured. Three regression models were built to identify CEAS with the following parameters: Model 1 with both morphological and T2SI parameters; Model 2 with T2SI parameters; and Model 3 with morphological parameters. All models were adjusted for age and sex. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to validate models.ResultsOf the 86 carotid arteries without advanced plaques, 47 (54.7%) were found to have early plaques determined by ultrasound. Among three regression models, Model 1 showed the highest AUC values in identifying CEAS (left: AUC = 0.856, P < 0.001; right: AUC = 0.867, P < 0.001), followed by Model 2 (left: AUC = 0.843, P < 0.001; right: AUC = 0.798, P = 0.001), and Model 3 (left: AUC = 0.790, P = 0.002; right: AUC = 0.806, P < 0.001).ConclusionThe combination of morphology and normalized T2SI of arterial wall measured by MRVWI is more effective than each characteristic alone in identification of CEAS. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:1270–1276.
Harpagoside suppresses IL‐6 expression in primary human osteoarthritis chondrocytes
Authors: Haseeb Abdul , Ansari Mohammad Yunus , Haqqi Tariq M. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThere is growing evidence in support of the involvement of inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Harpagoside, one of the bioactive components of Harpagophytum procumbens (Hp), has been shown to possess anti‐inflammatory properties. Here we used an in vitro model of inflammation in OA to investigate the potential of harpagoside to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines such as IL‐6 and matrix degrading proteases. We further investigated the likely targets of harpagoside in primary human OA chondrocytes. OA chondrocytes were pre‐treated with harpagoside before stimulation with IL‐1β. mRNA expression profile of 92 cytokines/chemokines was determined using TaqMan Human Chemokine PCR Array. Expression levels of selected mRNAs were confirmed using TaqMan assays. Protein levels of IL‐6 and MMP‐13 were assayed by ELISA and immunoblotting. Total protein levels and phosphorylation of signaling proteins were determined by immunoblotting. Cellular localization of IL‐6 and c‐Fos was performed by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. DNA binding activity of c‐FOS/AP‐1 was determined by ELISA. Harpagoside significantly altered the global chemokine expression profile in IL‐1β‐stimulated OA chondrocytes. Expression of IL‐6 was highly induced by IL‐1β, which was significantly inhibited by pre‐treatment of OA chondrocytes with harpagoside. Harpagoside did not inhibit the IL‐1β‐induced activation of NF‐κB and C/EBPβ transcription factors but suppressed the IL‐1β‐triggered induction, phosphorylation, and DNA binding activity of c‐FOS, one of the main components of AP‐1 transcription factors. Further, harpagoside significantly inhibited the expression of MMP‐13 in OA chondrocytes under pathological conditions. siRNA‐mediated knockdown of IL‐6 resulted in suppressed expression and secretion of MMP‐13 directly linking the role of IL‐6 with MMP‐13 expression. Taken together, the present study suggests that harpagoside exerts a significant anti‐inflammatory effect by inhibiting the inflammatory stimuli mediated by suppressing c‐FOS/AP‐1 activity in OA chondrocytes under pathological conditions. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:311–320, 2017.
Nomenclature of genetic movement disorders: Recommendations of the international Parkinson and movement disorder society task force
Authors: Marras Connie , Lang Anthony , van de Warrenburg Bart P. , Sue Carolyn M. , Tabrizi Sarah J. , Bertram Lars , Mercimek‐Mahmutoglu Saadet , Ebrahimi‐Fakhari Darius , Warner Thomas T. , Durr Alexandra , Assmann Birgit , Lohmann Katja , Kostic Vladimir , Klein Christine 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThe system of assigning locus symbols to specify chromosomal regions that are associated with a familial disorder has a number of problems when used as a reference list of genetically determined disorders,including (I) erroneously assigned loci, (II) duplicated loci, (III) missing symbols or loci, (IV) unconfirmed loci and genes, (V) a combination of causative genes and risk factor genes in the same list, and (VI) discordance between phenotype and list assignment. In this article, we report on the recommendations of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force for Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders and present a system for naming genetically determined movement disorders that addresses these problems. We demonstrate how the system would be applied to currently known genetically determined parkinsonism, dystonia, dominantly inherited ataxia, spastic paraparesis, chorea, paroxysmal movement disorders, neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, and primary familial brain calcifications. This system provides a resource for clinicians and researchers that, unlike the previous system, can be considered an accurate and criterion‐based list of confirmed genetically determined movement disorders at the time it was last updated. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Pitfalls in genetic testing: the story of missed SCN1A mutations
Authors: Djémié Tania , Weckhuysen Sarah , von Spiczak Sarah , Carvill Gemma L. , Jaehn Johanna , Anttonen Anna‐Kaisa , Brilstra Eva , Caglayan Hande S. , de Kovel Carolien G. , Depienne Christel , Gaily Eija , Gennaro Elena , Giraldez Beatriz G. , Gormley Padhraig , Guerrero‐López Rosa , Guerrini Renzo , Hämäläinen Eija , Hartmann Corinna , Hernandez‐Hernandez Laura , Hjalgrim Helle , Koeleman Bobby P. C. , Leguern Eric , Lehesjoki Anna‐Elina , Lemke Johannes R. , Leu Costin , Marini Carla , McMahon Jacinta M. , Mei Davide , Møller Rikke S. , Muhle Hiltrud , Myers Candace T. , Nava Caroline , Serratosa Jose M. , Sisodiya Sanjay M. , Stephani Ulrich , Striano Pasquale , van Kempen Marjan J. A. , Verbeek Nienke E. , Usluer Sunay , Zara Federico , Palotie Aarno , Mefford Heather C. , Scheffer Ingrid E. , De Jonghe Peter , Helbig Ingo , Suls Arvid ,   EuroEPINOMICS‐RES Dravet working group
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundSanger sequencing, still the standard technique for genetic testing in most diagnostic laboratories and until recently widely used in research, is gradually being complemented by next‐generation sequencing (NGS). No single mutation detection technique is however perfect in identifying all mutations. Therefore, we wondered to what extent inconsistencies between Sanger sequencing and NGS affect the molecular diagnosis of patients. Since mutations in SCN1A, the major gene implicated in epilepsy, are found in the majority of Dravet syndrome (DS) patients, we focused on missed SCN1A mutations.MethodsWe sent out a survey to 16 genetic centers performing SCN1A testing.ResultsWe collected data on 28 mutations initially missed using Sanger sequencing. All patients were falsely reported as SCN1A mutation‐negative, both due to technical limitations and human errors.ConclusionWe illustrate the pitfalls of Sanger sequencing and most importantly provide evidence that SCN1A mutations are an even more frequent cause of DS than already anticipated.