bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children treated with intravenous immunoglobulin monotherapy: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Kangin Murat , Akar Asuman , Talay Mehmet Nur , Gul Ozlem , Tas Muhammed , Semdinoglu Ayten , Alparslan Caner , Basaranoglu Sevgen Tanir , Yakut Nurhayat 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is one of the complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics, as well as treatment results, of MIS-C patients who received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) monotherapy.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with MIS-C. Demographic data, organ involvements at the admission, laboratory evaluations for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up were recorded. We evaluated outcomes by the length of the intensive care unit stay, the total hospitalization period, complications, and mortality.

Results
A total of 95 patients diagnosed with MIS-C were evaluated. The mean age was 118.8 (± 52.5) months. 76.8% of the patients had four or more organ systems involved. Seventy-nine patients (83%) were hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for a mean of 4.59 days. Seventy-seven (81%) patients received IVIG. A second dose of IVIG was administered to 66.3% of patients. All patients received vitamin D and C supplementation. Six patients who had cardiac involvement or cerebral infarction were treated with plasmapheresis. No patients received steroids. There was no mortality at the end of the follow-up.

Conclusions
Favorable outcomes may be obtained with IVIG monotherapy in MIS-C patients. More clinical trials are needed to establish the role of supportive treatments like vitamin D and C in MIS-C management.
Learner evaluation of an immersive virtual reality mass casualty incident simulator for triage training
Authors: Way David P. , Panchal Ashish R. , Price Alan , Berezina-Blackburn Vita , Patterson Jeremy , McGrath Jillian , Danforth Douglas , Kman Nicholas E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
To minimize loss of life, modern mass casualty response requires swift identification, efficient triage categorization, and rapid hemorrhage control. Current training methods remain suboptimal. Our objective was to train first responders to triage a mass casualty incident using Virtual Reality (VR) simulation and obtain their impressions of the training’s quality and effectiveness.
We trained subjects in a triage protocol called Sort, Assess, Lifesaving interventions, and Treatment and/or Transport (SALT) Triage then had them respond to a terrorist bombing of a subway station using a fully immersive virtual reality simulation. We gathered learner reactions to their virtual reality experience and post-encounter debriefing with a custom electronic survey. The survey was designed to gather information about participants’ demographics and prior experience, including roles, triage training, and virtual reality experience. We then asked them to evaluate the training and encounter and the system’s potential for training others.

Results
We received 375 completed evaluation surveys from subjects who experienced the virtual reality encounter. Subjects were primarily paramedics, but also included medical learners as well as other emergency medical service (EMS) professionals. Most participants (95%) recommended the experience for other first responders and rated the simulation (95%) and virtual patients (91%) as realistic. Ninety-four percent (94%) of participants rated the virtual reality simulator as “excellent” or “good.” We observed some differences between emergency medical service and medical professionals regarding their prior experience with disaster response training and their opinions on how much the experience contributed to their learning. We observed no differences between subjects with extensive virtual reality experience and those without.

Conclusions
Our virtual reality simulator is an automated, customizable, fully immersive virtual reality system for training and assessing personnel in the proper response to a mass casualty incident. Participants perceived the simulator as an adequate alternative to traditional triage and treatment training and believed that the simulator was realistic and effective for training. Prior experience with virtual reality was not a prerequisite for the use of this system.
Physical Activity and Excess Body Weight and Adiposity for Adults. American College of Sports Medicine Consensus Statement
Authors: JAKICIC JOHN M. , APOVIAN CAROLINE M. , BARR-ANDERSON DAHEIA J. , COURCOULAS ANITA P. , DONNELLY JOSEPH E. , EKKEKAKIS PANTELEIMON , HOPKINS MARK , LAMBERT ESTELLE VICTORIA , NAPOLITANO MELISSA A. , VOLPE STELLA L. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Excessive body weight and adiposity contribute to many adverse health concerns. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recognizes that the condition of excess body weight and adiposity is complex, with numerous factors warranting consideration. The ACSM published a position stand on this topic in 2001 with an update in 2009, and a consensus paper on the role of physical activity in the prevention of weight gain in 2019. This current consensus paper serves as an additional update to those prior ACSM position and consensus papers. The ACSM supports the inclusion of physical activity in medical treatments (pharmacotherapy, metabolic and bariatric surgery) of excess weight and adiposity, as deemed to be medically appropriate, and provides perspectives on physical activity within these therapies. For weight loss and prevention of weight gain, the effects may be most prevalent when physical activity is progressed in an appropriate manner to at least 150 min·wk−1 of moderate-intensity physical activity, and these benefits occur in a dose–response manner. High-intensity interval training does not appear to be superior to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for body weight regulation, and light-intensity physical activity may also be an alternative approach provided it is of sufficient energy expenditure. Evidence does not support that any one single mode of physical activity is superior to other modes for the prevention of weight gain or weight loss, and to elicit holistic health benefits beyond the effects on body weight and adiposity, multimodal physical activity should be recommended. The interaction between energy expenditure and energy intake is complex, and the effects of exercise on the control of appetite are variable between individuals. Physical activity interventions should be inclusive and tailored for sex, self-identified gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, and developmental level. Intervention approaches can also include different forms, channels, and methods to support physical activity.
The impact of antidepressant medications on the course of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Kasprzak Karol , Dyzma-Kasprzak Agnieszka , Wingralek Zuzanna , Sikorski Albert , Sikorska Wiktoria , Wiśniewska Jolanta , Banaszek Agnieszka , Nowacka Olga 
Published: September 2024

Introduction and Objective: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and anxiety, as well as depressive disorders, can coexist. Depression may affect IBD symptoms and vice versa. The aim of our study is to determine the impact of different classes of antidepressant medications in the treatment of IBD with comorbid depressive episodes, to summarize the most commonly used therapies, and to identify the most effective practices in treating inflammatory diseases with coexisting depressive episodes.
Materials and Methods: A review of the available literature was conducted by searching the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the following keywords: inflammatory bowel diseases, depression, antidepressants, in both English and Polish, up until July 19, 2024. To ensure the high quality of the narrative review, the SANRA scale (a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles) was used.
Results: Studies indicate that depressive symptoms occur in approximately 25-27.5% of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Treatment of depression in IBD patients often includes the use of antidepressant medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which not only reduce depression but also exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. SSRIs may also be effective in improving patients' quality of life; however, they may cause side effects such as diarrhea and an increased risk of bleeding. In addition to SSRIs, other antidepressants, such as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and atypical antipsychotics, are also used and may have a beneficial impact on the course of the disease.
Conclusions: In patients with IBD and comorbid depression, SSRIs are most commonly used, followed by TLPDs, SNRIs, and atypical antipsychotics. Drugs from these groups may have a beneficial effect on depressive symptoms, but also affect the course of IBD.
Further clinical studies are needed to establish precise guidelines for the use of these drugs in patients with IBD.
It's not just adults who gnash their teeth - a comprehensive review of the latest information on bruxism in children
Authors: Wajdowicz Barbara , Broniec Gabriela , Kowalska Klaudia , Pacek Laura , Kudła Aleksandra , Kiełt Weronika , Czapiewska Rozalia , Kozłowska Julia , Wróbel Aleksandra , Dziewulska Aleksandra 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Bruxism is a parafunction characterized by excessive chewing muscle activity involving grinding or clenching of the teeth. Bruxism has become a significant challenge in the field of pediatric dentistry.
Aim of the study
The aim of this comprehensive review is to provide an overview of bruxism in children, focusing on etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and current treatment options. To draw attention to the prevalence of the disorder and to raise awareness of the importance of early recognition and intervention for bruxism in children.
Materials and methods
An analysis of scientific articles available in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases was conducted. Our research is supported by all relevant publications from recent years. The etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of bruxism in children were of particular interest in the study. This process involved the use of the following keywords: ‘bruxism’, ‘children’, ‘sleep bruxism’, ‘tooth wear’, ‘bruxism diagnosis’, ‘bruxism etiology’, ‘bruxism treatment’.
Conclusions
We evaluated 31 relevant publications. The results of the study indicate a variation in the prevalence of bruxism in children, oscillating between 13-49%. The etiology of this disorder is multidimensional and remains incompletely elucidated. The primary methods of diagnosing bruxism in younger patients include observation by parents or caregivers, a thorough health history and intraoral and extraoral dental examination. Physiotherapy and psychotherapy are recommended for the treatment of nocturnal bruxism in children. Prompt recognition of the disorder and implementation of appropriate therapy can help to halt the progression of motor dysfunction of the masticatory apparatus in children.
Anterior decompression and posterior total laminectomy with fusion for ossification of the cervical posterior longitudinal ligament
Authors: Chen Kefu , Dong Xingcheng , Lu Yiwei , Zhang Jian , Liu Xiaodong , Jia Lianshun , Guo Ying , Chen Xiongsheng 
Published: September 2024

AimsSurgical approaches to cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) remain controversial. The purpose of the present study was to analyze and compare the long-term neurological recovery following anterior decompression with fusion (ADF) and posterior laminectomy and fusion with bone graft and internal fixation (PLF) based on > ten-year follow-up outcomes in a single centre.MethodsIncluded in this retrospective cohort study were 48 patients (12 females; mean age 55.79 years (SD 8.94)) who were diagnosed with cervical OPLL, received treatment in our centre, and were followed up for 10.22 to 15.25 years. Of them, 24 patients (six females; mean age 52.88 years (SD 8.79)) received ADF, and the other 24 patients (five females; mean age 56.25 years (SD 9.44)) received PLF. Clinical data including age, sex, and the OPLL canal-occupying ratio were analyzed and compared. The primary outcome was Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, and the secondary outcome was visual analogue scale neck pain.ResultsCompared with the baseline, neurological function improved significantly after surgery in all patients of both groups (p < 0.001). The JOA recovery rate in the ADF group was significantly higher than that in the PLF group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in postoperative cervical pain between the two groups (p = 0.387). The operating time was longer and intraoperative blood loss was greater in the PLF group than the ADF group. More complications were observed in the ADF group than in the PLF group, although the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionLong-term neurological function improved significantly after surgery in both groups, with the improvement more pronounced in the ADF group. There was no significant difference in postoperative neck pain between the two groups. The operating time was shorter and intraoperative blood loss was lower in the ADF group; however, the incidence of perioperative complications was higher.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(9):768–775.
T315I – a gatekeeper point mutation and its impact on the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kaleem Bushra , Shahab Sadaf , Shamsi Tahir Sultan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives

BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations are an important cause of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) of which T315I is the most treatment-resilient. This study aimed to observe the frequency of T315I and its impact on disease prognosis in terms of progression and survival.

Methods
Patients with a response which categorized them into warning zone/or who failed to respond to their TKI treatment completely as per the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) were labeled as non-responders. They were assessed for T315I mutation using amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and validated via sequencing. Patients were then longitudinally followed for 96 months for the prognostic impact of the mutation.

Results
Of the 102 non-responders, T315I mutation was detected in 21.6 % of patients with a female preponderance. Almost 59 % of mutation-harbouring patients were labelled as low Sokal risk at baseline. The disease progression into the blastic phase was reported in 58.8 % of mutation-harbouring patients. Overall survival (study period: 96 months) was 81.8 % in patients harbouring T315I mutation. Patients in the blastic phase had significant odds of harbouring T315I mutation.

Conclusions
Sub-optimal response or failure to TKI treatment indicates the development of resistance due to the presence of T315I mutation or other mutation(s). Early identification will help redirect the patient’s treatment.
Evaluation of the effect of taurine on the matrix metalloproteinase-9 and the expression changes of miRNA-21 and miRNA-146a in SH-SY5Y cell line
Authors: AL-Attabi Abduladheem , mukhlif Bilal Abdulmajeed , Al-Shami Karrar R. , Merza Muna S. , Alkubaisy Sami Awad , Abdulhadi Mohanad Ali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a brain disorder, is the leading cause of dementia among older adults. Taurine, an amino acid abundantly present in the brain, and shows potential neuroprotective properties. Therefore, we investigated the effects of taurine on Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels and the expression changes of miRNA-21 and miRNA-146a in the SH-SY5Y cell line.

Methods
Taurine’s impact on the SH-SY5Y cell line was evaluated via the 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. MMP-9 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, while the expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-146a genes was assessed through Real-Time PCR analysis.

Results
The MTT assay revealed no toxic effects on SH-SY5Y cells with increasing concentrations of taurine. Analysis of gene expression indicated a rise in miRNA-21 expression and a decline in miRNA-146 expression with increasing taurine concentration, with the most notable change observed at 1 mg/mL taurine (p<0.001). ELISA results demonstrated a significant increase in MMP-9 levels in the SH-SY5Y cell line treated with 1 mg/mL taurine compared to the untreated group (p<0.001).

Conclusions
Our study revealed that taurine can alter the expression of miRNA-146a and miRNA-21. In conclusion, taurine therapy presents promising therapeutic avenues for treating AD or mitigating severe symptoms. Nonetheless, further research is necessary to comprehensively grasp the precise mechanisms at play.
Depressive symptoms’ trajectories since adolescence and sleep quality in early adulthood: results from the EPITeen cohort
Authors: Gonçalves Marta , Costa Ana Rute , Ramos Elisabete , Henriques Ana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to estimate the association between depressive symptoms’ trajectories during adolescence and young adulthood and sleep quality in early adulthood.

Methods
Data from 802 participants of the EPITeen study, evaluated at 13, 17 and 21 years of age, were analysed. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and three trajectory classes from adolescence to adulthood were previously identified (High, Moderate, Low). The prevalences of poor sleep quality, overall (score>5) and in its specific dimensions: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleep drugs and daytime dysfunction (score≥2), at 21 years of age were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Associations were estimated using adjusted odds ratio (OR) and the respective 95 % confidence intervals (CI).

Results
At 21 years of age, 29.8 % young adults presented poor sleep quality, which was significantly different between those in the Low and High depressive trajectories (14.3 and 53.1 %, respectively, p<0.001). Compared with participants in the Low trajectory, those in the High trajectory were more likely to present poorer sleep quality at 21 years of age (OR=6.34 95 % CI: 3.94–10.21), particularly worse levels of sleep disturbance (OR=5.89 95 % CI: 2.84–12.21), daytime dysfunction (OR=7.63 95 % CI: 3.63–16.06) and subjective sleep quality (OR=6.61 95 % CI: 3.69–11.85).

Conclusions
Poor sleep quality in early adulthood was more frequent among individuals who had high levels of depressive symptoms since adolescence. Monitoring depression until adulthood may help to identify those at higher risk of sleep problems which, in turn, can lead to worse health outcomes over time.
Slow growth and short stature in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a retrospective study of 493 children who underwent growth hormone provocation testing at one tertiary paediatric endocrine centre
Authors: Velayutham Vallimayil , Chakrabarty Suparna , Greer Ristan , Cotterill Andrew M. , Leong Gary M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We hypothesised that growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD) in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is rare. This study aimed to determine any distinct clinical or biochemical parameters, including GH provocation testing, in children with ADHD on psychostimulants or idiopathic short stature (ISS).

Methods
Retrospective cross-sectional study of children who had GH provocative testing between 1998 and 2013 at one tertiary paediatric endocrine centre. Clinical data included age, sex, anthropometry, pubertal staging, bone age, diagnostic code as per the European Society Paediatric Endocrinology (ESPE), GH provocation test results, thyroid function tests, serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels.

Results
Four hundred ninety-three subjects underwent GH provocation testing for investigation of short stature to exclude GHD during the study period. Fifty-one children had a diagnosis of ADHD. In the remaining children, the diagnosis was Idiopathic short stature (n=240), GHD +/− hypopituitarism (n=60), and 142 subjects had other causes of short stature. Children with ADHD were older, had higher height and weight SDS and were GH-sufficient. All 51 children with ADHD had a normal serum IGFBP-3, while 20 out of these 51 subjects had a low serum IGF-1.

Conclusions
GHD in children with ADHD on psychostimulant medication is rare. GH testing in children with ADHD may not be necessary, particularly if serum IGFBP-3 is in the normal range. We suggest IGFBP-3 could be used as a surrogate marker of GH sufficiency in children with ADHD. However, this needs to be confirmed with a larger study group.
Plankton and contour algal communities in the Ukrainian section of the Western Bug River and its tributaries
Authors: Shcherbak V.I. , Semeniuk N.Ye. , Davydov O.A. , Koziychuk E.Sh. 
Published: September 2024

The paper deals with spatial dynamics of cell count, biomass, dominant species complexes, information diversity of planktonic and contour algal communities in the Western Bug River and its tributaries. The trophic state and water quality of the rivers under study have been assessed. The spatial heterogeneity of phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and phytoperiphyton brought about high cell count and biomass values during the low-water summer-autumn season. The cell count and biomass have been shown to increase from the upper reaches downstream, correlating with the river bed width. High quantitative diversity of algal communities was due to Bacillariophyta dominance. Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta were recorded as subdominants. The trophic state of the aquatic ecosystems under study varied between oligotrophic and eutrophic. The Shannon’s index made up 1.58–4.62 bit/cell and 1.60–4.40 bit/mg. The trophic state and information diversity assessed according to contour algal communities were higher than according to phytoplankton. This is indicative of the clear water regime forming in the rivers under study during the low-water summer-autumn season. The obtained findings differ from the data, published earlier for the Kaniv Water Reservoir, where the primary role belonged to phytoplankton. The spatial heterogeneity of algal communities is related to the dominant complexes structure. As a rule, these are monodominant Bacillariophyta complexes or oligodominant Bacillariophyta – Cyanobacteria or Bacillariophyta – Chlorophyta complexes. The water quality assessment according to the abiotic variables and saprobiologic characteristics has shown that the modal classes of water quality are the 2nd–3rd classes (clean waters – satisfactory clean waters). Therefore, the water quality of the Ukrainian section of the Western Bug River and its tributaries does not pose any substantial hazard to the adjacent European countries.