bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
812. INTRAOPERATIVE USE OF IMPEDANCE PLANIMETRY FOR RECURRENT ACHALASIA AFTER HELLER-NISSEN
Authors: Milito Pamela , De Maron Roberta , Siboni Stefano , Vico Eleonora , Tonini Federico , Bernardi Daniele , Tartaglia Giuseppe , Asti Emanuele 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Re-operations after Heller myotomy for esophageal achalasia is a challenging operation due to the fibrotic tissue surrounding the esophago-gastric junction (EGJ). The risk of both undertreatment or, on the other hand, esophageal perforation is significant. The impedance planimetry could guide the operation and assess whether the patients needs further dissection of adhesions, an extension of the previous myotomy and anti-reflux treatment.

Methods
A 70-year-old woman treated with Heller-Nissen in 1983 for type II achalasia was referred to our tertiary care center with absolute dysphagia for three days. In the past 41 years she reported occasional and self-limited episodes of dysphagia, regurgitation and chest pain. Aside from that, her medical history was unremarkable.
An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with airway protection was performed, showing retained solid food. A water-soluble swallow study showed a tortuous megaesophagus and a misaligned esophageal gastric junction (EGJ), which did not allow endoscopic dilation. Esophageal wall thickening and focal lesions were ruled out by a CT scan.

Results
A laparoscopy with impedance planimetry technology support was scheduled. The first EGJ distensibility index (EGJ-DI) measurement was 2.1 mm2/mmHg. Esophagus was freed, encircled and released from the hiatus. An EGD confirmed the reposition of the cardia in the abdomen and the previous anterior esophageal myotomy. The Nissen fundoplication was not detectable. At this stage, an EGJ-DI of 4,2 mm2/mmHg was found. To obtain a regular esophageal outflow an anterior myotomy of the EGJ and proximal stomach was carried out and the edge was everted with absorbable barbed suture. A posterior cruroplasty was then performed. The final EGJ-DI was 8,8 mm2/mmHg.

Conclusion
The postoperative course was uneventful and she was discharged on post-operative day 4 eating a soft diet. In conclusion, the intraoperative use of the impedance planimetry technology has been crucial for a correct decision-making process during complex redo operations for esophageal achalasia as it has helped to tailor the surgical treatment.
https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/pednopcqnalooidynge3q/ISDE-Definitivo.mov?rlkey=8exx0oe6ompxoex8wqmlsgi0i&st=xgnfnjyt&dl=0
817. ARTERIA LUSORIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR ESOPHAGEAL SURGERY
Authors: Fonseca Filipa , Cabral Francisco , Dias Raquel , Ramos Paulo , Monteiro Cecília , Abecasis Nuno , Casaca Rui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The aberrant right subclavian artery, also known as arteria lusoria, is an embryologic abnormality affecting 0.5-1.8% of individuals. Instead of arising from the brachiocephalic artery, the right subclavian artery emerges as the fourth branch of the aortic arch. In most cases (80%), the artery has a retro-esophageal trajectory, while in 20% it runs anteriorly, which may pose difficulties in performing a safe intra-thoracic or cervical anastomosis. This condition is associated with a non-recurrent right inferior laryngeal nerve.

Methods
Following Kurokawa’s publication in 2019, our unit has adopted routine recurrent bilateral laryngeal nerve lymphadenectomy in esophageal and cardia carcinomas with over than 4 cm of esophageal involvement.
We present a video that features a 68-year-old male diagnosed with a squamous cell carcinoma of lower thoracic esophagus, staged as cT3N+M0. He presents with a retro-esophageal arteria lusoria and non-recurrent right inferior laryngeal nerve. Following the CROSS protocol with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, the patient underwent a Mckeown esophagectomy with total thoracic lymphadenectomy.

Results
In this presentation, we explore the anatomical details and surgical considerations associated with the arteria lusoria in esophageal surgery. This video details the essential procedural steps for the identification of the vagus nerve and the identification of the arteria lusoria during upper mediastinal dissection. This case emphases the need for customized surgical strategies and the role of interdisciplinary collaboration, particularly integration of radiological insights. Such cooperation ensures that the surgical team is ready to address the unique challenges presented by these anatomical deviations and minimize the risks.

Conclusion
In conclusion, this presentation aims to highlight the procedural intricacies and the collaborative effort required to manage effectively the arteria lusoria in esophageal surgery.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1agjPmA6lxPoVVPxvgJCHaDCqs1dJP-xk/view
Bipolar catheter ablation of a left atrial anteroseptal line in a patient with peri-mitral atrial flutter: a case report
Authors: Martins Nadja , Landmesser Ulf , Attanasio Philipp , Huemer Martin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Treatment of recurring atrial flutter can be challenging due to anatomical obstacles preventing complete conduction block of linear ablation lesions. Epicardial or bipolar ablation can be used as an alternative to create deeper ablation lesions but is still limitedly used in patients with atrial flutter.

Case summary
We describe a case of a 54-year-old patient with recurring peri-mitral flutter treated with ablation of an anteroseptal line using bipolar ablation to achieve a complete conduction block.

Discussion
As conventional ablation cannot always achieve, complete conduction block in linear ablation lesions alternatives may be used to create deeper lesions. In this, case bipolar ablation was used successfully for an anteroseptal line in a patient with recurring peri-mitral flutter.
Basal inferoseptal segment is highly susceptible to deformation in the clinical spectrum of transthyretin-derived amyloid cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tsuruda Toshihiro , Nakada Hiroshi , Yamamura Yoshimasa , Matsuura Yunosuke , Ogata Miyuki , Tanaka Miyo , Suiko Yosuke , Komaki Soichi , Tanaka Hiroki , Moribayashi Kohei , Ideguchi Takeshi , Terada Tamasa , Ota Tomomi , Yamamoto Keisuke , Nishihira Kensaku , Shibata Yoshisato , Kaikita Koichi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
While the prevalence of transthyretin-derived amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is on the rise, detailed understanding of its morphological and functional characteristics within the left ventricle (LV) across heart failure (HF) remains limited.

Methods and results
Utilizing two-dimensional (2D) speckle-tracking echocardiography, we assessed longitudinal strain (LS) in 63 histology-confirmed ATTR-CM patients. Additionally, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images measured native T1 and extracellular volume (ECV), compared with LS across 18 LV segments. Patients were categorized into three groups based on HF status: Group 1 (no HF symptoms), Group 2 (HF with preserved LV ejection fraction), and Group 3 (HF with reduced LV ejection fraction). LS analysis unveiled susceptibility to deformation in the basal inferoseptal segment, persisting even in asymptomatic cases. CMR demonstrated increasing native T1 deviation, particularly evident in segments distant from the inferoseptal region. Contrastingly, maximal ECV was consistently observed in the basal and mid-ventricular inferior-septum, even in asymptomatic individuals. Segmental LS decline correlated with ECV expansion but not with native T1 values.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that the inferoseptal segment is highly susceptible to amyloid infiltration, and 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography and CMR may serve as a valuable tool for its early detection.
Bromocriptine treatment and outcomes in peripartum cardiomyopathy: the EORP PPCM registry
Authors: van der Meer Peter , van Essen Bart Johan , Viljoen Charle , Böhm Michael , Jackson Alice , Hilfiker-Kleiner Denise , Hoevelmann Julian , Mebazaa Alexandre , Farhan Hasan Ali , Goland Sorel , Ouwerkerk Wouter , Petrie Mark C , Seferović Petar M , Tromp Jasper , Sliwa Karen , Bauersachs Johann 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) remains a serious threat to maternal health around the world. While bromocriptine, in addition to standard treatment for heart failure, presents a promising pathophysiology-based disease-specific treatment option in PPCM, the evidence regarding its efficacy remains limited. This study aimed to determine whether bromocriptine treatment is associated with improved maternal outcomes in PPCM.

Methods
Peripartum cardiomyopathy patients from the EORP PPCM registry with available follow-up were included. The main exposure of this exploratory non-randomized analysis was bromocriptine treatment, and the main outcome was a composite endpoint of maternal outcome [death or hospital readmission within the first 6 months after diagnosis, or persistent severe left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction &lt; 35%) at 6-month follow-up]. Inverse probability weighting was used to minimize the effects of confounding by indication. Multiple imputation was used to account for the missing data.

Results
Among the 552 patients with PPCM, 85 were treated with bromocriptine (15%). The primary endpoint was available in 491 patients (89%) and occurred in 18 out of 82 patients treated with bromocriptine in addition to standard of care (22%) and in 136 out of 409 patients treated with standard of care (33%) (P = .044). In complete case analysis, bromocriptine treatment was associated with reduced adverse maternal outcome [odds ratio (OR) 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10–0.83, P = .021]. This association remained after applying multiple imputation and methods to correct for confounding by indication (inverse probability weighted model on imputed data: OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.31-0.70, P &lt; 0.001). Thromboembolic events were observed in 6.0% of the patients in the bromocriptine group vs. 5.6% in the standard of care group (P = .900).

Conclusions
Among women with PPCM, bromocriptine treatment in addition to standard of care was associated with better maternal outcomes after 6 months.
Revolutionizing solar water distillation: maximizing efficiency with pyramid solar stills enhanced by fins, evacuated tubes, nanomaterial, and phase change materials—a comprehensive review
Authors: Mehta Vijay Kishorbhai , Panchal Hitesh , Singh Bharat , Kumar Laveet 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe availability of water and energy is crucial for human survival, yet rising industrialization and population growth have escalated demand, particularly in developing economies. Despite efforts to address water scarcity, contamination persists, leading to widespread diseases. Conventional purification methods like reverse osmosis are effective but expensive and energy-intensive while boiling exacerbates air pollution. In this context, solar still systems present a promising solution, harnessing abundant sunlight to distill seawater into drinkable water. By integrating phase change material (PCM) and sensible heat storage, these systems can enhance efficiency and reduce energy consumption. This article explores the optimization of solar still systems through the selection of suitable PCM and sensible heat storage materials. The primary objectives are to improve distillation efficiency and heat recovery, making the process more eco-friendly and cost-effective. By addressing water scarcity and energy consumption simultaneously, these optimized systems offer a sustainable approach to water production, particularly in regions with ample sunlight. Through a comprehensive review, this research aims to advance the understanding of solar still technology and facilitate its widespread adoption, ultimately contributing to global efforts toward water security and environmental sustainability.
Classification of Solutions to the Anisotropic N-Liouville Equation in ℝN
Authors: Ciraolo Giulio , Li Xiaoliang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Given $N\geq 2$, we completely classify solutions to the anisotropic $N$-Liouville equation
$$ \begin{align*} &-\Delta_N^H\,u=e^u \quad\textrm{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N,\end{align*} $$
under the finite mass condition $\int _{\mathbb{R}^{N}} e^{u}\,dx&lt;+\infty $. Here $\Delta _{N}^{H}$ is the so-called Finsler $N$-Laplacian induced by a positively homogeneous function $H$. As a consequence in the planar case $N=2$, we give an affirmative answer to a conjecture made in [ 53].
Elevated Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinases Are Associated With Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bloodstream Infection and Mortality in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Tuberculosis
Authors: Walker Naomi F , Schutz Charlotte , Ward Amy , Barr David , Opondo Charles , Shey Muki , Elkington Paul T , Wilkinson Katalin A , Wilkinson Robert J , Meintjes Graeme 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Mortality from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated tuberculosis (TB) is high, particularly among hospitalized patients. In 433 people with HIV hospitalized with symptoms of TB, we investigated plasma matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and matrix-derived biomarkers in relation to TB diagnosis, mortality, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) bloodstream infection (BSI). Compared to other diagnoses, MMP-8 was elevated in confirmed TB and in Mtb-BSI, positively correlating with extracellular matrix breakdown products. Baseline MMP-3, -7, -8, -10, and PIIINP were associated with Mtb-BSI and 12-week mortality. These findings implicate MMP dysregulation in pathophysiology of advanced HIV-TB and support MMP inhibition as a host-directed therapeutic strategy for HIV-TB.
Insights into the global genomic features of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovars Gallinarum and Pullorum
Authors: Campos Isabela C , Vilela Felipe Pinheiro , Saraiva Mauro de M S , Junior Angelo Berchieri , Falcão Juliana Pfrimer 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
Characterize global genomic features of 86 genomes of Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) and Pullorum (SP), which are important pathogens causing systemic infections in poultry.

Methods and results
All genomes harbored efflux pump encoding gene mdsA and gold tolerance genes golS and golT. Aminoglycoside (aac(6′)-Ib, aadA5, aph(6)-Id, aph(3′')-Ib, ant(2′')-Ia), beta-lactam (blaTEM-1, blaTEM-135), efflux pump (mdsB), fosfomycin (fosA3), sulfonamide (sul1, sul2), tetracycline [tet(A)], trimethoprim (dfrA17), acid (asr), and disinfectant (qacEdelta1) resistance genes, gyrA, gyrB, and parC quinolone resistance point mutations, and mercury tolerance genes (mer) were found in different frequencies. Additionally, 310 virulence genes, pathogenicity islands (including SPI-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, and 14), plasmids [IncFII(S), ColpVC, IncX1, IncN, IncX2, and IncC], and prophages (Fels-2, ST104, 500465-1, pro483, Gifsy-2, 103 203_sal5, Fels-1, RE-2010, vB_SenS-Ent2, and L-413C) were detected. MLST showed biovar-specific sequence types, and core genome MLST showed country-specific and global-related clusters.

Conclusion
SG and SP global strains carry many virulence factors and important antimicrobial resistance genes. The diverse plasmids and prophages suggest genetic variability. MLST and cgMLST differentiated biovars and showed profiles occurring locally or worldwide.
Selenium suppressed the LPS-induced oxidative stress of bovine endometrial stromal cells through Nrf2 pathway with high cortisol background
Authors: Cui Luying , Zheng Fangling , Zhang Min , Wang Zhihao , Meng Xia , Dong Junsheng , Liu Kangjun , Guo Long , Wang Heng , Li Jianji 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Stress and infection seriously threaten the reproductive performance and health of dairy cows. Various perinatal stresses increase plasma cortisol concentrations in cows, and chronically high cortisol levels may increase the incidence and severity of the uterine diseases. Selenium (Se) enhances antioxidant capacity of cows. The aim of this study was to explore how Se affects the oxidative stress of primary bovine endometrial stromal cells (BESC) with high cortisol background. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured using flow cytometry and assay kits. The changes in nuclear NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway were detected by Western blot, qPCR, and immunofluorescence. The result showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased (P &lt; 0.01) ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and reduced (P &lt; 0.01) superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration, provoking BESC oxidative stress. The elevated levels of cortisol resulted in the accumulation (P &lt; 0.05) of ROS and MDA and inhibition (P &lt; 0.05) of SOD in unstimulated BESC but demonstrated an antioxidative effect in LPS-stimulated cells. Pretreatment with Se reduced (P &lt; 0.01) the levels of ROS and MDA, while increasing (P &lt; 0.05) the antioxidant capacities and the relative abundance of gene transcripts and proteins related to the Nrf2 pathway in BESC. This antioxidant effect was more pronounced in the presence of high cortisol level. In conclusion, cortisol alone induced the oxidative damage but provided an antioxidant protection in the presence of LPS. Se alleviated the LPS-induced cellular oxidative stress, which is probably achieved through activating Nrf2 pathway. At high cortisol levels, Se supplement has a more significant protective effect on BESC oxidative stress. This study provided evidence for the protective role of Se in bovine endometrial oxidative damage of stressed animals and suggested the potential regulatory mechanism in vitro.
Identification of 5-aminometonitazene and 5-acetamidometonitazene in a postmortem case: are nitro-nitazenes unstable?
Authors: Parks Claire , Maskell Peter D , McKeown Denise A , Couchman Lewis 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the use of 2-benzylbenzimidazole opioids (‘nitazenes’) has increased with them becoming one of the most prominent synthetic opioid subclasses of novel psychoactive substances. With the increased prevalence, there is also a concern of the dangers to public health with the use of nitazenes due to their high potency especially with polypharmacy. To aid in the detection of such compounds, it is important that forensic toxicology laboratories maintain up-to-date compound libraries for drug screening methods and that sensitive analytical instrumentation is available to detect the low blood/plasma concentrations of more potent drugs. This includes not only the compounds themselves but also potential metabolites and/or degradation products. Metonitazene is a ‘nitro-nitazene’ with a nitro group at position 5 of the benzimidazole ring. As a nitro-nitazene, there is a potential for bacterial degradation of metonitazene to 5-aminometonitazene, as occurs with nitro-benzodiazepines. In this study, we provide evidence from a postmortem (PM) case of degradation of metonitazene in unpreserved PM blood using liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC–QQQ-MS), and putative identification of the degradation/metabolic products 5-aminometonitazene and 5-acetamidometonitazene by liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results from LC–QQQ-MS analysis indicated that there did not appear to be such degradation in preserved (fluoride/oxalate) blood. These results suggest that nitro-nitazenes may be subject to similar in vitro stability/degradation issues as nitro-benzodiazepines. These breakdown products should be added to instrument libraries to aid in the detection of the use of nitro-nitazenes, and nitro-nitazenes should be quantified in preserved blood samples where available.
Intermittent Versus Daily Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Regimens for Pneumocystis Pneumonia Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Masaki Tetsuhiro , Ishikawa Kazuhiro , Fujino Takahisa , Koyamada Ryosuke , Kawai Fujimi , Ota Erika , Mori Shinichiro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
In immunocompromised individuals, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis has adverse events, and the optimal dosage is unclear. The objective of this study was to assess efficacy and safety of intermittent versus daily TMP/SMX for PCP prophylaxis.

Methods
This systematic review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indexed in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Ichushi, or Embase databases, published from database inception to September 2023. The inclusion criteria were adults taking intermittent or daily TMP/SMX for PCP prophylaxis. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The primary outcomes were PCP incidence, PCP-related mortality, and adverse events requiring temporary or permanent TMP/SMX discontinuation.

Results
Four RCTs (N = 2808 patients) were included. PCP incidence did not differ significantly between the intermittent and daily regimen groups (risk ratio [RR], 1.17 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .89–1.53]; certainty: very low). There was no PCP-related mortality in the 3 RCTs reporting its outcome. Compared with the daily regimen group, the intermittent regimen group experienced significantly fewer adverse events requiring temporary or permanent TMP/SMX discontinuation (RR, 0.51 [95% CI, .42–.61]; certainty: low)

Conclusions
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that intermittent TMP/SMX regimens for PCP prophylaxis may be more tolerable than daily regimens and may have similar efficacy. Further RCTs are needed to apply this to current practice.
Clinical Trials Registration. PROSPERO (CRD42022359102).
Repeated glucose oscillations in high cell–density cultures influence stress–related functions of Escherichia coli
Authors: Bafna-Rührer Jonas , Bhutada Yashomangalam D , Orth Jean V , Øzmerih Süleyman , Yang Lei , Zielinski Daniel , Sudarsan Suresh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Engineering microbial cells for the commercial production of biomolecules and biochemicals requires understanding how cells respond to dynamically changing substrate (feast–famine) conditions in industrial-scale bioreactors. Scale-down methods that oscillate substrate are commonly applied to predict the industrial-scale behavior of microbes. We followed a compartment modeling approach to design a scale-down method based on the simulation of an industrial-scale bioreactor. This study uses high cell–density scale-down experiments to investigate Escherichia coli knockout strains of five major glucose-sensitive transcription factors (Cra, Crp, FliA, PrpR, and RpoS) to study their regulatory role during glucose oscillations. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that the glucose oscillations caused the down-regulation of several stress-related functions in E. coli. An in-depth analysis of strain physiology and transcriptome revealed a distinct phenotype of the strains tested under glucose oscillations. Specifically, the knockout strains of Cra, Crp, and RpoS resulted in a more sensitive transcriptional response than the control strain, while the knockouts of FliA and PrpR responded less severely. These findings imply that the regulation orchestrated by Cra, Crp, and RpoS may be essential for robust E. coli production strains. In contrast, the regulation by FliA and PrpR may be undesirable for temporal oscillations in glucose availability.