bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of User Intention in Using e-Learning Technology in Indonesian Context: An Empirical Study
Authors: Tanduklangi Amri 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
At present, through the help of the internet, an increasing number of higher education institutions worldwide encourages faculty and students to adopt e-Learning in spite of the many barriers still exists in its implementation. This study presents how organizational factors and ease of use influence perceived usefulness and intention to use e-Learning. For this purpose, three hundred and ninety four samples collected from students of seven higher institutions in Southeast Sulawesi of Indonesia were surveyed with a questionnaire to validate the proposed framework through their own perceived behaviors. The result of the analysis using structural equation modeling of SmartPLS 2.0 shows that organizational culture, and perceived ease of use is positively related to both Perceived Usefulness and Intention to Use e-Learning. In addition, Organizational Support shows a significant effect on Intention to Use e-Learning, but a weak effect on Perceived Usefulness of e-Learning.
Migration and Spanish Citizenship Abroad: Recent Scenarios from the Cuban Context
Authors: Sánchez Carmen Ascanio , Cuesta Sara García 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explore recent scenarios observed in migration and Spanish citizenship abroad, using Cuba as a case study. This project’s innovative contribution lies in its multimethod approach, which considers both normative and demographic factors while also including a qualitative and participatory dimension. Spanish migration to Cuba is a particularly interesting case, given the differences observed here as compared to other Latin American contexts, in terms of both the social policies involved and the Spanish migrants’ profiles and respective family strategies. We analyze migrant groups from the three regions of Spain that saw the greatest emigration to this Caribbean island: Asturias, the Canary Islands and Galicia. The results show the effects of Spanish social and migratory policies on migrants to Cuba and their families from the 1990s onward, in particular with respect to the law governing citizenship known as the “Grandchildren’s Act” (“Ley de Nietos,” 2007-2011). We discuss the different strategies and practices, both individual and collective, that arose from the new resources created by these policies. To conclude, we sketch out the repercussions of these new practices on intergenerational relationships, access to citizenship rights, and the reshaping of collective identities.
Open‐ocean convection process: A driver of the winter nutrient supply and the spring phytoplankton distribution in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Severin Tatiana , Kessouri Faycal , Rembauville Mathieu , Sánchez‐Pérez Elvia Denisse , Oriol Louise , Caparros Jocelyne , Pujo‐Pay Mireille , Ghiglione Jean‐François , D'Ortenzio Fabrizio , Taillandier Vincent , Mayot Nicolas , Durrieu De Madron Xavier , Ulses Caroline , Estournel Claude , Conan Pascal 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis study was a part of the DeWEX project (Deep Water formation Experiment), designed to better understand the impact of dense water formation on the marine biogeochemical cycles. Here, nutrient and phytoplankton vertical and horizontal distributions were investigated during a deep open‐ocean convection event and during the following spring bloom in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea (NWM). In February 2013, the deep convection event established a surface nutrient gradient from the center of the deep convection patch to the surrounding mixed and stratified areas. In the center of the convection area, a slight but significant difference of nitrate, phosphate and silicate concentrations was observed possibly due to the different volume of deep waters included in the mixing or to the sediment resuspension occurring where the mixing reached the bottom. One of this process, or a combination of both, enriched the water column in silicate and phosphate, and altered significantly the stoichiometry in the center of the deep convection area. This alteration favored the local development of microphytoplankton in spring, while nanophytoplankton dominated neighboring locations where the convection reached the deep layer but not the bottom. This study shows that the convection process influences both winter nutrients distribution and spring phytoplankton distribution and community structure. Modifications of the convection's spatial scale and intensity (i.e., convective mixing depth) are likely to have strong consequences on phytoplankton community structure and distribution in the NWM, and thus on the marine food web.
Heterogeneous impact transport on the Moon
Authors: Huang Ya‐Huei , Minton David A. , Hirabayashi Masatoshi , Elliott Jacob R. , Richardson James E. , Fassett Caleb I. , Zellner Nicolle E. B. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractImpact cratering is the dominant process for transporting material on the Moon's surface. An impact transports both proximal material (continuous ejecta) locally and distal ejecta (crater rays) to much larger distances. Quantifying the relative importance of locally derived material versus distal material requires understandings of lunar regolith evolution and the mixing of materials across the lunar surface. The Moon has distinctive albedo units of darker mare basalt and brighter highland materials, and the contacts between these units are ideal settings to examine this question. Information on the amount of material transported across these contacts comes from both the sample collection and remote sensing data, though earlier interpretations of these observations are contradictory. The relatively narrow (~4–5 km wide) mixing zone at mare/highland contacts had been interpreted as consistent with most material having been locally derived from underneath mare plains. However, even far from these contacts where the mare is thick, highland material is abundant in some soil samples (>20%), requiring transport of highland material over great distances. Any model of impact transport on the Moon needs to be consistent with both the observed width of mare/highland contacts and the commonality of nonmare material in mare soil samples far from any contact. In this study, using a three‐dimensional regolith transport model, we match these constraints and demonstrate that both local and distal material transports are important at the lunar surface. Furthermore, the nature of the distal material transport mechanism in discrete crater rays can result in substantial heterogeneity of surface materials.
Health‐aware model predictive control of wind turbines using fatigue prognosis
Authors: Sanchez Hector Eloy , Escobet Teresa , Puig Vicenç , Odgaard Peter Fogh 
Published: May 2017

SummaryWind turbine components are subject to considerable fatigue because of extreme environmental conditions to which they are exposed, especially those located offshore. Wind turbine blades are under significant gravitational, inertial, and aerodynamic loads, which cause their fatigue and degradation during the wind turbine operational life. A fatigue problem is often present at the blade root because of the considerable bending moments applied to this zone. Interest in the integration of control with fatigue load minimization has increased in recent years. This paper investigates the fatigue assessment using a rainflow counting algorithm and the blade root moment information coming from the sensor available in a high‐fidelity simulator of a utility‐scale wind turbine. Then, the integration of the fatigue‐based system health management module with control is proposed. This provides a mechanism for the wind turbine to operate safely and optimize the trade‐off between components' life and energy production. In particular, this paper explores the integration of model predictive control with the fatigue‐based prognosis approach to minimize the damage of wind turbine components (the blades). A control‐oriented model of the fatigue based on the rainflow counting algorithm is proposed to obtain online information of the blades' accumulated damage that can be integrated with model predictive control. Then, the controller objective function is modified by adding an extra criterion that takes into account the accumulated damage. The scheme is implemented and tested in a well‐known wind turbine benchmark.
Self‐Contained Polymer/Metal 3D Printed Electrochemical Platform for Tailored Water Splitting
Authors: Ambrosi Adriano , Pumera Martin 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe enormous advancements made recently in additive manufacturing require parallel development of new printable materials with particular focus on so‐defined functional materials. Functional materials have specific properties that are useful for the fabrication of active devices such as sensors, electronic components, catalytic reactors, etc. It is shown here that the combination of standard 3D‐printing technologies with easy‐to‐use electrochemical surface modification can facilitate the tuning of catalytic properties of printed metallic electrodes to be used as electrocatalysts for water splitting applications. A self‐contained electrochemical system, consisting of electrodes and an electrochemical cell, is built via 3D metal and polymer printing. Stainless‐steel electrodes are first obtained by selective laser melting additive manufacturing according to an established design; then electrochemical surface modification is performed to alter the electrode surface composition and therefore tune its catalytic properties toward the electrogeneration of hydrogen and oxygen. After surface characterization by means of scanning electron microscopy in combination with energy dispersive X‐ray microanalysis to evaluate the efficiency of the electrochemical functionalization, electrochemical testing is carried out to evaluate the catalytic properties of the electrodes. A simple, proof‐of‐concept water electrolyzer is finally assembled with the best performing electrodes and tested in alkaline solution for water splitting capabilities.
Mechanochemical Friedel–Crafts Alkylation—A Sustainable Pathway Towards Porous Organic Polymers
Authors: Troschke Erik , Grätz Sven , Lübken Tilo , Borchardt Lars 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis study elucidates an innovative mechanochemical approach applying Friedel–Crafts alkylation to synthesize porous covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs). Herein, we pursue a counterintuitive approach by utilizing a rather destructive method to synthesize well‐defined materials with intrinsic porosity. Investigating a model system including carbazole as monomer and cyanuric chloride as triazine node, ball milling is shown to successfully yield porous polymers almost quantitatively. We verified the successful structure formation by an in‐depth investigation applying XPS, solid‐state NMR and FT‐IR spectroscopy. An in situ study of pressure and temperature developments inside the milling chamber in combination with two‐dimensional liquid‐state NMR spectroscopy reveals insights into the polymerization mechanism. The versatility of this mechanochemical approach is showcased by application of other monomers with different size and geometry.
Assessing the Influence of Mutation on GTPase Transition States by Using X‐ray Crystallography, 19F NMR, and DFT Approaches
Authors: Jin Yi , Molt Robert W. , Pellegrini Erika , Cliff Matthew J. , Bowler Matthew W. , Richards Nigel G. J. , Blackburn G. Michael , Waltho Jonathan P. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe report X‐ray crystallographic and 19F NMR studies of the G‐protein RhoA complexed with MgF3−, GDP, and RhoGAP, which has the mutation Arg85′Ala. When combined with DFT calculations, these data permit the identification of changes in transition state (TS) properties. The X‐ray data show how Tyr34 maintains solvent exclusion and the core H‐bond network in the active site by relocating to replace the missing Arg85′ sidechain. The 19F NMR data show deshielding effects that indicate the main function of Arg85′ is electronic polarization of the transferring phosphoryl group, primarily mediated by H‐bonding to O3G and thence to PG. DFT calculations identify electron‐density redistribution and pinpoint why the TS for guanosine 5′‐triphosphate (GTP) hydrolysis is higher in energy when RhoA is complexed with RhoGAPArg85′Ala relative to wild‐type (WT) RhoGAP. This study demonstrates that 19F NMR measurements, in combination with X‐ray crystallography and DFT calculations, can reliably dissect the response of small GTPases to site‐specific modifications.
Direkte asymmetrische Alkylierung von Ketonen: noch immer ein unerreichtes Ziel
Authors: Cano Rafael , Zakarian Armen , McGlacken Gerard P. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDie Alkylierung von Ketonen ist Teil des Grundstudiums der Chemie. In vielen Fällen führt diese Umwandlung zu einem neuen stereogenen Zentrum. Allerdings täuscht die scheinbare Einfachheit der Umwandlung über eine Reihe von Schwierigkeiten hinweg, die so groß sind, dass eine allgemeine Methode für die direkte asymmetrische Alkylierung von Ketonen bisher unerreicht ist. Trotz der Weiterentwicklung der Organo‐ und Übergangsmetallkatalyse liefert bisher keine von beiden eine adäquate Lösung. Sogar die Anwendung eines effizienten und allgemein verwendbaren stöchiometrischen Reagens muss erst noch beschrieben werden. Dieser Kurzaufsatz beschreibt den aktuellen Stand in Bezug auf direkte Alkylierungsreaktionen einiger Carbonylgruppen und bespricht den begrenzten Fortschritt bei Ketonen sowie mögliche Wege, die letztlich zu einer breit anwendbaren Methode für die asymmetrische Alkylierung von Ketonen führen können.
Hexanuclear and Tetranuclear Mn/Ln clusters using 2‐(hydroxymethyl)pyridine: Synthesis, structures and magnetic properties
Authors: Sun Lei , Chen Hui , Chen Changneng 
Published: May 2017

Reactions of manganese benzoate dihydrate and lanthanide nitrate hexahydrate with 2‐(hydroxymethyl)pyridine (hmpH) as ligand in the mixture solutions of acetonitrile and ethanol according to different molar ratios of NEt3 generated two kinds of Mn‐Ln compounds [MnIII4LaIII2(O)2(hmp)7(PhCO2)2(NO3)5] ·5H2O (1) and [MnIII2GdIII2(hmp)6(PhCO2)4(NO3)2] ·3CH3CN·3C2H5OH·2H2O (2). By comparison of the two compounds, there exist considerable effects of reaction alkalinity on the structures and magnetic properties of products. Compound 1 possesses a core of [MnIII4LaIII2(μ4‐O)(μ3‐O)(μ3‐OR)(μ2‐O)7]2−, which comprises three face‐sharing defected cubane units. The core topology represents a new core type of Mn‐Ln clusters. Compound 2 has a planar‐butterfly structure. The solid‐state dc magnetic susceptibility analyses indicate the antiferromagnetic interactions within compound 1 and ferromagnetic interactions within compound 2. Compound 1 has an S = 0 ground state, while compound 2 possesses an S = 11 ground state, fitting of the dc data for the tetranuclear Mn2Gd2 with the Magpack program gives parameters of JMn‐Mn = 3.11 cm−1, JMn‐Gd = 0.02 cm—1 and g = 1.96.
Synthesis and solid‐state properties of crosslinked alternating copolymers of phenyl vinylethylene carbonate and N‐substituted maleimides
Authors: Yoshida Yoshiaki , Endo Takeshi 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThe copolymers of phenyl vinylethylene carbonate (PVEC) and N‐phenylmaleimide were prepared with various monomer feeds by using a radical initiator. These copolymers were crosslinked by aminolysis between hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) and cyclic carbonate moiety in the side‐chain to obtain the networked polymers having the hydroxyurethane structure. Furthermore, the crosslinked copolymers having the polar cyclic carbonate in the side‐chain were synthesized from PVEC and several bifunctional maleimides, and their double networked polymers were prepared with HMDA. These copolymers and networked polymers exhibited color changes depending on their structures based on the acid–base switching in the solid‐state. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45247.
Simplex‐based optimization of numerical and categorical inputs in early bioprocess development: Case studies in HT chromatography
Authors: Konstantinidis Spyridon , Titchener‐Hooker Nigel , Velayudhan Ajoy 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBioprocess development studies often involve the investigation of numerical and categorical inputs via the adoption of Design of Experiments (DoE) techniques. An attractive alternative is the deployment of a grid compatible Simplex variant which has been shown to yield optima rapidly and consistently. In this work, the method is combined with dummy variables and it is deployed in three case studies wherein spaces are comprised of both categorical and numerical inputs, a situation intractable by traditional Simplex methods. The first study employs in silico data and lays out the dummy variable methodology. The latter two employ experimental data from chromatography based studies performed with the filter‐plate and miniature column High Throughput (HT) techniques. The solute of interest in the former case study was a monoclonal antibody whereas the latter dealt with the separation of a binary system of model proteins. The implemented approach prevented the stranding of the Simplex method at local optima, due to the arbitrary handling of the categorical inputs, and allowed for the concurrent optimization of numerical and categorical, multilevel and/or dichotomous, inputs. The deployment of the Simplex method, combined with dummy variables, was therefore entirely successful in identifying and characterizing global optima in all three case studies. The Simplex‐based method was further shown to be of equivalent efficiency to a DoE‐based approach, represented here by D‐Optimal designs. Such an approach failed, however, to both capture trends and identify optima, and led to poor operating conditions. It is suggested that the Simplex‐variant is suited to development activities involving numerical and categorical inputs in early bioprocess development.
Enhanced production of enveloped viruses in BST‐2‐deficient cell lines
Authors: Yi Eunbi , Oh Jinsoo , Giao Ngoc Q. , Oh Soohwan , Park Se‐Ho 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTDespite all the advantages that cell‐cultured influenza vaccines have over egg‐based influenza vaccines, the inferior productivity of cell‐culture systems is a major drawback that must be addressed. BST‐2 (tetherin) is a host restriction factor which inhibits budding‐out of various enveloped viruses from infected host cells. We developed BST‐2‐deficient MDCK and Vero cell lines to increase influenza virus release in cell culture. BST‐2 gene knock‐out resulted in increased release of viral particles into the culture medium, by at least 2‐fold and up to 50‐fold compared to release from wild‐type counterpart cells depending on cell line and virus type. The effect was not influenza virus/MDCK/Vero‐specific, but was also present in a broad range of host cells and virus families; we observed similar results in murine, human, canine, and monkey cell lines with viruses including MHV‐68 (Herpesviridae), influenza A virus (Orthomyxoviridae), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (Coronaviridae), and vaccinia virus (Poxviridae). Our results suggest that the elimination of BST‐2 expression in virus‐producing cell lines can enhance the production of viral vaccines. Biotechnol. Bioeng.2017;114: 2289–2297. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Molecular interplays in hepatic stellate cells: apoptosis, senescence, and phenotype reversion as cellular connections that modulate liver fibrosis
Authors: de Oliveira da Silva Brenda , Ramos Letícia Ferrreira , Moraes Karen C. M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLiver fibrosis is a pathophysiological process correlated with intense repair and cicatrization mechanisms in injured liver, and over the past few years, the characterization of the fine‐tuning of molecular interconnections that support the development of liver fibrosis has been investigated. In this cellular process, the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) support the organ fibrogenesis. The HSCs are found in two distinct morpho‐physiological states: quiescent and activated. In normal liver, most HSCs are found in quiescent state, presenting a considerable amount of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, while in injured liver, the activated phenotype of HSCs is a myofibroblast, that secrete extracellular matrix elements and contribute to the establishment of the fibrotic process. Studies on the molecular mechanisms by which HSCs try to restore their quiescent state have been performed; however, no effective treatment to reverse fibrosis has been so far prescribed. Therefore, the elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of apoptosis, senescence, and the cell reversion phenotype process from activate to quiescent state will certainly contribute to the development of effective therapies to treat hepatic fibrosis. In this context, this review aimed to address central elements of apoptosis, senescence, and reversal of HSC phenotype in the control of hepatic fibrogenesis, as a guide to future development of therapeutic strategies.
Cefazolin as a cause of leukocytoclastic vasculitis
Authors: Ali Naveed , Karia Nidhi , Goldhahn Richard 
Published: May 2017

Key Clinical MessageLeukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is a cutaneous small vessel vasculitis characterized by cutaneous manifestations in the form of palpable purpura, and rarely bullae, vesicles, and ulcerations. Although rare, cephalosporins such as cefazolin, should be recognized to have a potential to trigger LCV.
Fluorogenic Sensing of Carcinogenic Bisphenol A using Aptamer‐Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Ribes Àngela , Aznar Elena , Bernardos Andrea , Marcos M. Dolores , Amorós Pedro , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón , Sancenón Félix 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with rhodamine B and capped with a bisphenol A aptamer were used for the selective and sensitive detection of this lethal chemical. The pores of the nanoparticles are selectively opened in the presence of bisphenol A (through its selective coordination with the aptamer) with subsequent rhodamine B delivery. With this capped material a limit of detection as low as 3.5 μm of bisphenol A was measured.
Catalytic Enantioselective Arylation and Heteroarylation of Ketones with Organotitanium Reagents Generated In Situ
Authors: Matsuda Atsushi , Ushimaru Tomoya , Kobayashi Yusuke , Harada Toshiro 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA practical and useful, catalytic enantioselective method has been developed for the synthesis of tertiary diaryl and aryl heteroaryl carbinols starting from commercially available aromatic ketones and aryl or heteroaryl bromides. In this method, organotitanium reagents are generated in situ from the bromides by lithiation with nBuLi followed by transmetallation of the resulting organolithiums with ClTi(OiPr)3. Treatment of the ketones with the titanium reagents in the presence of (R)‐3‐(3,5‐bistrifluoromehthylphenyl)‐1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol (BTFP‐BINOL) affords the corresponding tertiary alcohols in high enantioselectivities and yields. The reaction can also start with furan and 2‐thienyllithium. The method is operationally simple and can be conducted on a 10‐mmol scale without any difficulties.