bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of Computer‐Assisted and Manual Measurement Methods for Assessment of Graf Type 1 and Type 2 Hip Sonograms
Authors: Bilgili Fuat , Bilgili Çiğdem Özkara , Çetinkaya Engin , Polat Abdulkadir , Sungur İbrahim , Saglam Yavuz , Kasali Kamber , Parmaksızoğlu Atilla Sancar 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the interobserver, intraobserver, and intermethod reliability of computer‐assisted digital and manual measurements of hip sonograms.MethodsSeventy‐four hip sonograms were evaluated in this retrospective study. Five evaluators measured digital images and manual paper printouts according to the Graf method (Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1984; 102:248–255). Interobserver and intraobserver reliability rates were calculated. Reliability criteria were graded on a numeric scale.ResultsThe interobserver reliability of both computer‐based and manual methods for alpha angle measurements was good to excellent, but the interobserver reliability was fair to poor for beta angle measurements. Intraobserver reliability was varied. Alpha angle measurements by both manual and computer‐based methods had high concordance with each other, whereas beta angle measurements had low concordance. The intermethod variability did not differ between observers.ConclusionsThe alpha angle measurements had high concordance with each other for both manual and computer‐based methods, whereas the beta angle measurements had low concordance. This information should be taken into account in clinical practice. Overall, the two measurement methods were reliable and consistent with each other.
Estimating climate sensitivity using two‐zone energy balance models
Authors: Bates J. Ray 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEstimates of 2 × CO2 equilibrium climate sensitivity (EqCS) derive from running global climate models (GCMs) to equilibrium. Estimates of effective climate sensitivity (EfCS) are the corresponding quantities obtained using transient GCM output or observations. The EfCS approach uses an accompanying energy balance model (EBM), the zero‐dimensional model (ZDM) being standard. GCM values of EqCS and EfCS vary widely [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change range: (1.5, 4.5)°C] and have failed to converge over the past 35 years. Recently, attempts have been made to refine the EfCS approach by using two‐zone (tropical/extratropical) EBMs. When applied using satellite radiation data, these give low and tightly constrained EfCS values, in the neighborhood of 1°C. These low observational EfCS/two‐zone EBM values have been questioned because (a) they disagree with higher observational EfCS/ZDM values and (b) the EfCS/two‐zone EBM values given by GCMs are poorly correlated with the standard GCM sensitivity estimates. The validity of the low observational EfCS/two‐zone EBM values is here explored, with focus on the limitations of the observational EfCS/ZDM approach, the disagreement between the GCM and observational radiative responses to surface temperature perturbations in the tropics, and on the modified EfCS values provided by an extended two‐zone EBM that includes an explicit parameterization of dynamical heat transport. The results support the low observational EfCS/two‐zone EBM values, indicating that objections (a) and (b) to these values both need to be reconsidered. It is shown that in the EBM with explicit dynamical heat transport the traditional formulism of climate feedbacks can break down because of lack of additivity.
Idealized climate change simulations with a high‐resolution physical model: HadGEM3‐GC2
Authors: Senior Catherine A. , Andrews Timothy , Burton Chantelle , Chadwick Robin , Copsey Dan , Graham Tim , Hyder Pat , Jackson Laura , McDonald Ruth , Ridley Jeff , Ringer Mark , Tsushima Yoko 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIdealized climate change simulations with a new physical climate model, HadGEM3‐GC2 from The Met Office Hadley Centre are presented and contrasted with the earlier MOHC model, HadGEM2‐ES. The role of atmospheric resolution is also investigated. The Transient Climate Response (TCR) is 1.9 K/2.1 K at N216/N96 and Effective Climate Sensitivity (ECS) is 3.1 K/3.2 K at N216/N96. These are substantially lower than HadGEM2‐ES (TCR: 2.5 K; ECS: 4.6 K) arising from a combination of changes in the size of climate feedbacks. While the change in the net cloud feedback between HadGEM3 and HadGEM2 is relatively small, there is a change in sign of its longwave and a strengthening of its shortwave components. At a global scale, there is little impact of the increase in atmospheric resolution on the future climate change signal and even at a broad regional scale, many features are robust including tropical rainfall changes, however, there are some significant exceptions. For the North Atlantic and western Europe, the tripolar pattern of winter storm changes found in most CMIP5 models is little impacted by resolution but for the most intense storms, there is a larger percentage increase in number at higher resolution than at lower resolution. Arctic sea‐ice sensitivity shows a larger dependence on resolution than on atmospheric physics.
Label‐free optical detection of C‐reactive protein by nanoimprint lithography‐based 2D‐photonic crystal film
Authors: Endo Tatsuro , Kajita Hiroshi , Kawaguchi Yukio , Kosaka Terumasa , Himi Toshiyuki 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe development of high‐sensitive, and cost‐effective novel biosensors have been strongly desired for future medical diagnostics. To develop novel biosensor, the authors focused on the specific optical characteristics of photonic crystal. In this study, a label‐free optical biosensor, polymer‐based two‐dimensional photonic crystal (2D‐PhC) film fabricated using nanoimprint lithography (NIL), was developed for detection of C‐reactive protein (CRP) in human serum. The nano‐hole array constructed NIL‐based 2D‐PhC (hole diameter: 230 nm, distance: 230, depth: 200 nm) was fabricated on a cyclo‐olefin polymer (COP) film (100 µm) using thermal NIL and required surface modifications to reduce nonspecific adsorption of target proteins. Antigen‐antibody reactions on the NIL‐based 2D‐PhC caused changes to the surrounding refractive index, which was monitored as reflection spectrum changes in the visible region. By using surface modified 2D‐PhC, the calculated detection limit for CRP was 12.24 pg/mL at an extremely short reaction time (5 min) without the need for additional labeling procedures and secondary antibody. Furthermore, using the dual‐functional random copolymer, CRP could be detected in a pooled blood serum diluted 100× with dramatic reduction of nonspecific adsorption. From these results, the NIL‐based 2D‐PhC film has great potential for development of an on‐site, high‐sensitivity, cost‐effective, label‐free biosensor for medical diagnostics applications
Coordinated transcription factor and promoter engineering to establish strong expression elements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Leavitt John M. , Tong Alice , Tong Joyce , Pattie Jonathan , Alper Hal S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractGene expression requires the coordination of trans‐acting factors and cis‐DNA elements to initiate transcription. Here we present a coordinated approach that combines cis‐acting element engineering with mutant trans‐acting factors to engineer yeast promoters. Specifically, we first construct a hybrid promoter based on the ARO9 upstream region that exhibits high constitutive and inducible expression with respect to exogenous tryptophan. Next, we perform protein engineering to identify a mutant Aro80p that affords both high constitutive expression while retaining inducible traits. We then use this mutant trans‐acting factor to drive expression and generate ultra‐strong promoters with transcriptional output roughly 2 fold higher than TDH3 (GPD), one of the strongest promoters to‐date. Finally, we used this element to construct a modular expression system capable of staged outputs resulting in a system with nearly 6‐fold, 12‐fold and 15‐fold expression relative to the off‐state. This work further highlights the potential of using endogenous transcription factors (including mutant factors) along with hybrid promoters to expand the yeast synthetic biology toolbox.
Investigation of the interactions between Chrysanthemum morifolium flowers extract and intestinal bacteria from human and rat
Authors: Tao Jin‐hua , Duan Jin‐ao , Qian Yi‐yun , Qian Da‐wei , Guo Jian‐ming 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFlos Chrysanthemi, dried flower of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat, has drawn much attention recently owing to its potential beneficial health effects for human. Flos Chrysanthemi products are usually taken orally and metabolized by intestinal microflora. However, there has been no investigation of the comprehensive metabolic profile of the Flos Chrysanthemi extract by intestinal flora owing to its chemical complexity and the limitations of analytical methods. In this paper, a rapid, sensitive and automated analysis method, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry including MSE technology and automated data processing Metabolynx™ software, was developed and successfully applied for the biotransformation and metabolic profile of flavonoids in the Flos Chrysanthemi extract by intestinal flora from human and rat. A total of 32 metabolites were detected and tentatively identified in human and rat intestinal bacterial samples. These metabolites indicated that hydrolysis, hydroxylation, acetylation, methylation, hydrogenation and deoxygenation were the major conversion pathways of flavonoids in the Flos Chrysanthemi extract in vitro. Furthermore, the effects of the Flos Chrysanthemi extract on the growth of different intestinal bacteria were detected using an Emax precision microplate reader. Certain pathogenic bacteria such as Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Clostridium and Bacteroides were significantly inhibited by Flos Chrysanthemi, while commensal probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were moderately promoted. Our observation provided further evidence for the importance of intestinal bacteria in the metabolism and potential activity of the Flos Chrysanthemi extract. The results will also be helpful for the further pharmacokinetic study of Flos Chrysanthemi and to unravel how it works in vivo.
Protest Against Waste Contamination in the ‘Land of Fires’: Psychological Antecedents for Activists and Non‐activists
Authors: Scafuto Francesca , La Barbera Francesco 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe ‘Land of Fires’ is a district in Italy characterized by illegal waste disposal, waste burning, and citizen protests over contamination. This study investigates the relevance of several psycho‐social factors that predict citizens' intention to protest, taking into account different research traditions. In addition, we hypothesize the effect of protest antecedents to be moderated by past participation behaviour (i.e. the level of activism). Hence, our study is a first attempt to explore the effect of protest antecedents as a function of the individual level of activism through a cross‐sectional survey study (N = 306). The results show significant effects of collective identity, sense of injustice, costs of protest, and perceived risk (cognitive dimension) on intention to protest. The effects of collective efficacy and perceived risk (affective dimension) are moderated by participants' level of activism, and these effects are significant only for non‐activists. The relevance of this new approach is discussed, as well as practical implications and possible further developments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scrub typhus infection in pregnancy: the dilemma of diagnosis and treatment in a resource‐limited setting
Authors: Watthanaworawit Wanitda , Kolakowska Edyta , Hanboonkunupakarn Borimas , Ling Clare , McGready Rose 
Published: May 2016

Key Clinical MessageTo save the life of both mother and fetus, the risks and benefits of the few antibiotics considered effective in the treatment of severe scrub typhus require consideration. In this case, chloramphenicol treatment averted maternal but not fetal mortality. Evidence‐based guidelines appropriate for resource‐limited endemic areas are required.
One‐Step Synthetic Access to Isosteric and Potent Anticancer Nitrogen Heterocycles with the Benzo[c]phenanthridine Scaffold
Authors: Steinhauer Tamara N. , Girreser Ulrich , Meier Christopher , Cushman Mark , Clement Bernd 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA versatile one‐step two‐component cyclization to build new tetracyclic nitrogen heterocycles is described. Ortho‐methylhetarenecarbonitrile components were condensed with aldehydes to access a large library of differently substituted ring systems. The heterocyclic core can be easily modified by variation of the position of the endocyclic nitrogen atom in the o‐methylhetarenecarbonitrile substrate. The manner of the nucleophilic attack that leads to the condensation can be triggered by different electron‐density distribution in the molecule induced by the position of the nitrogen atom. Taking this into account, there is an electronic preference that leads to either pyridophenanthrolines or the corresponding pyridoazacarbazoles as the main products. We demonstrate the high antitumor potential of some of our synthesized heterocycles, which is strongly dependent on the substitution pattern introduced through the aldehyde component. The position and number of endocyclic nitrogen atoms play an important role regarding cytotoxicity of the studied compounds.
Advantages of Catalysis in Self‐Assembled Molecular Capsules
Authors: Catti Lorenzo , Zhang Qi , Tiefenbacher Konrad 
Published: May 2016

AbstractControl over the local chemical environment of a molecule can be achieved by encapsulation in supramolecular host systems. In supramolecular catalysis, this control is used to gain advantages over classical homogeneous catalysis in bulk solution. Two of the main advantages concern influencing reactions in terms of substrate and product selectivity. Due to size and/or shape recognition, substrate selective conversion can be realized. Additionally, noncovalent interactions with the host environment facilitate alternative reaction pathways and can yield unusual products. This Concept article discusses and highlights literature examples utilizing self‐assembled molecular capsules to achieve catalytic transformations displaying a high degree of substrate and/or product selectivity. Furthermore, the advantage of supramolecular hosts in multicatalyst tandem reactions is covered.
Helically Assembled Pyrene Arrays on an RNA Duplex That Exhibit Circularly Polarized Luminescence with Excimer Formation
Authors: Nakamura Mitsunobu , Suzuki Junpei , Ota Fuyuki , Takada Tadao , Akagi Kazuo , Yamana Kazushige 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL) was observed in pyrene zipper arrays helically arranged on an RNA duplex. Hybridization of complementary RNA strands having multiple (two to five) 2′‐O‐pyrenylmethyl modified nucleosides affords an RNA duplex with normal thermal stability. The pyrene fluorophores are assembled like a zipper in a well‐defined helical manner along the axis of RNA duplex, which, upon 350 nm UV illumination, resulted in CPL emission with pyrene excimer formation. CPL (glum) levels observed for the pyrene arrays in dilute aqueous solution were +2×10−2–+3.5×10−2, which are comparable with |glum| for chiral organic molecules and related systems. The positive CPL signals are consistent with a right‐handed helical structure. Temperature dependence on CPL emission indicates that the stable rigid RNA structure is responsible for the strong CPL signals. The single pyrene‐modified RNA duplex did not show any CPL signal.
ChemInform Abstract: POLAR CYCLOADDITION OF α‐ACYL‐α‐CHLOROSULFIDES WITH ALKYNES. NOVEL ONE‐STEP SYNTHESES OF FURANS AND 2‐FURANONES
Authors: ISHIBASHI H. , AKAI S. , CHOI H.‐D. , NAKAGAWA H. , TAMURA Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus den α‐Chlor‐α‐acyl‐sulfiden (I) bzw. (VI) erhält man mit den Acetylenen (II) in Gegenwart saurer Katalysatoren die Furane (IV) bzw. Furanone (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: THE INTRAMOLECULAR RAMBERG‐BAECKLUND REACTION: A CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF STRAINED BRIDGEHEAD OLEFINS
Authors: BECKER K. B. , LABHART M. P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus den Oxidationsprodukten (Ic) bzw. (Id) der Thiadecaline (Ia), (Ib) werden die Halogensulfone (IIa) bzw. (IIb) [+ (III)] dargestellt, die den Bedingungen der Ramberg‐ Bäcklund‐Reaktion unterworfen werden: Nur (IIa) reagiert dabei unter entsprechender 1,3‐Eliminierung und SO2 ‐Ausstoßung [→ (IV)] aus (IIb) oder den Isomeren (III) wird dagegen jeweils das 1,2‐Eliminierungsprodukt (V) gebildet.
ChemInform Abstract: DICYCLOPENTADIENYLNICKEL: A PROBLEMATICAL REAGENT IN CLUSTER SYNTHESIS
Authors: MLEKUZ M. , BOUGEARD P. , MCGLINCHEY M. J. , JAOUEN G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBei Zimmertemperatur reagiert Nickelocen (I) mit dem Cobaltcluster‐Komplex (II) unter Substitution einer Cobalttricarbonylgruppe durch ein Nickelcyclopentadienylfragment zu dem gemischten Cobalt‐Nickel‐Cluster‐Komplex (III).
ChemInform Abstract: OPPORTUNITIES FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF METHOXYETHOXYMETHYL (MEM) ETHERS
Authors: WILLIAMS D. R. , SAKDARAT S. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract2‐Chlor‐1,3,2‐dithioborolan (II) spaltet selektiv Methoxy‐ethoxy‐methyl‐Gruppen aus den Ethern (I) unter Bildung entsprechender freier Alkohole (III) ab.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF META,META‐BRIDGED BIARYLS (7,0‐METACYCLOPHANES) VIA ARYL‐ARYL COUPLING: FACTORS AFFECTING THE CYCLIZATION
Authors: MOHAMED S. E. N. , WHITING D. A. , LOPEZ‐ORTIZ J. F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas Oxim des Ketons (I) ergibt mit dem Ester‐(II) das Isoxazol (III), welches über das Diiodid (IV) zu der Titelverbindung (V) cyclisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: THE RADIOLYSIS OF URACIL IN OXYGENATED AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. A STUDY BY PRODUCT ANALYSIS AND PULSE RADIOLYSIS
Authors: SCHUCHMANN M. N. , VON SONNTAG C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas in wäßrigem, N2O‐haltigem Medium radiolytisch aus Uracil und nachfolgender Oxidation mit O2 entstehende Radikal (II) geht bei pH 10 in die Hauptprodukte (III) und (IV) über; im sauren Bereich wird die bimolekulare Ringverengung von (II) oder seinem Isomer (V) zum Hydantoin (I) zum Hauptweg der Reaktion.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIVITY AND STRUCTURE OF N‐PHENYL‐1‐NAPHTHYLAMINES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS. PART 1. REACTIONS WITH ALKYLPEROXYL RADICALS
Authors: BENNETT J. E. , BRUNTON G. , FORRESTER A. R. , FULLERTON J. D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIm Gegensatz zum Verhalten von Diphenylamin ergibt die Titelreaktion der Antioxidantien (I) mit photochemisch oder thermisch erzeugten 1‐Methyl‐cyclohexylperoxylradikalen bei 253‐338 K nur geringen Nitroxidanteil am Produktgemisch.
ChemInform Abstract: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE CHEMISTRY OF PHENYLSULFONYLCYCLOPENTADIENE
Authors: BRIDGES A. J. , FISCHER J. W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCyclopentadien (I) wird nach Literaturverfahren in das Chlorcyclopenten (II) übergeführt und dieses unter HCl‐Abspaltung zur Titelverbindung (III) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND THE SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF 4‐ AND 6‐(1‐ACETAMIDO‐3‐(3,4,5‐TRIMETHOXYPHENYL)PROPYL)‐2‐METHOXYTROPONES (B‐RING‐OPEN ANALOGS OF COLCHICINE)
Authors: YAMAMOTO H. , HARA A. , INOKAWA S. , NOZOE T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas über 5 Stufen aus 4‐Acetyltropolon erhaltene Derivat (I) (Ausb. 35‐40%) wird mit etherischem Diazomethan in ein Gemisch der Methylether (II) und (III) umgewandelt.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION REACTIONS OF INDAPAMIDE. A NOVEL ROUTE TO THE INDOLE DERIVATIVE, N‐(3‐SULFAMYL‐4‐CHLOROBENZAMIDO)‐2‐METHYLINDOLE
Authors: O'HARE M. J. , TAN E. , REHM C. , GREBOW P. , LOEV B. , NEISS E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas diuretische und antihypertensiv wirksame Pharmakon Indagamid (I) wird zu dem auch aus (III) und (IV) unabhängig hergestellten Indolderivat (II) oxidiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 10‐HYDROXY‐5,5‐DIMETHYL‐8‐N‐PENTYL‐5H‐(1)BENZOPYRANO(4,3‐B)ISOXAZOLE, AN ANALOG OF TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL
Authors: ANAND R. C. , RANJAN H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBei der Kondensation von Olivetol (I) mit der Dimethylacrylsäure (II) entsteht als Hauptprodukt das Chromanon (III), das mit Hydroxylamin zum Benzopyranoisoxazol (IV) cyclisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF 1,3,4‐TRIMETHYLFURO(3,4‐C)QUINOLINES
Authors: NIWAS S. , KUMAR S. , BHADURI A. P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie aus den entsprechenden Benzaldehyden und Nitroethan zugänglichen Nitro‐olefine (I) werden mit Acetylaceton (II) zu den Furanen (III) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITIONS IN SYNTHESIS. XVI. A NOVEL THREE‐CARBON ANNELATION METHOD FOR PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: KANEKO C. , NAITO T. , MOMOSE Y. , SHIMOMURA N. , OHASHI T. , SOMEI M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus den Pyridonen (I) und (VI) sowie dem Chinolon (XI) erhält man mit Allylalkoholen (II), (VII) bzw. dem Acroleinacetal (XII) photochemisch Addukte, die nach Eliminierung der entsprechenden Alkohole bzw. Essigsäure in die Cyclobutanon‐Derivate (IV), (VIII) und (XIII) übergehen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF 1,2,3,4,5,6‐HEXAHYDRO‐3,6‐DIMETHYL‐2,6‐METHANO‐3‐BENZAZOCIN‐11‐ONE (2,5‐DIMETHYL‐9‐OXO‐6,7‐BENZOMORPHAN): A NEW ROUTE TO 3‐BENZAZOCINES
Authors: IDDON B. , PRICE D. , SUSCHITZKY H. , SCOPES D. I. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBei einer Reihe von Versuchen zur Synthese der Titelverbindung (V) läßt sich aus dem bicyclischen Keton (I) über die Stufen (II) und (III) durch Ringschluß das Benzindol (IV) darstellen, aus dem nach bekannter Methode dann (V) erhältlich ist.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 9‐HEXADECEN‐15‐OLIDES; HYPOTHETICAL INTERMEDIATES IN THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF BREFELDIN A
Authors: OHTA T. , SUNAGAWA M. , NISHIMAKI K. , NOZOE S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIm Rahmen von Untersuchungen zur Biosynthese von Brefeldin A (XIV) werden die Hexadecanolide (IX), (XI), (XII) und (XIII) hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: SECONDARY PHOSPHINE CHALCOGENIDES. VII. SYNTHESIS OF BIS(TERT‐BUTYLPHOSPHINO)ETHANE, BUTHPCH2CH2PHBUT, AND 1‐TERT‐BUTYLPHOSPHINO‐2‐DIPHENYLPHOSPHINOETHANE, PH2PCH2CH2PHBUT, AS WELL AS THEIR SECONDARY PHOSPHINE CHALCOGENIDES
Authors: WEISHEIT R. , STENDEL R. , MESSBAUER B. , LANGER C. , WALTHER B. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas durch Umsetzung des Diphosphintetrachlorids (I) mit tert.‐Butyl‐MgCl gebildete Di‐tert.‐butyl‐Derivat (II) läßt sich zu dem 1,2‐Di‐tert.‐butyldiphosphin (III) reduzieren und zum Dioxid (IVa) hydrolysieren.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOMETALLIC COMPLEXES OF LIGANDS. SYNTHESIS OF TRANS‐((6‐CHLORO‐2‐PYRIDYL)IMINOMETHYL)PALLADIUM TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE COMPLEXES AND NEW INFORMATION ON THE ISOCYANIDE INSERTION INTO THE PALLADIUM‐CARBON Σ BOND
Authors: MANTOVANI A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDer Pyridyl‐Pd‐Komplex (I) reagiert mit Isocyaniden (II) über eine ionische Zwischenverbindung (III) zu den Titel‐Einlagerungskomplexen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: THE CIS‐REDUCTION OF 4‐(TRIMETHYLSILYL)‐3‐BUTYN‐2‐OL WITH LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE
Authors: MANCINI M. L. , HONEK J. F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBei der Reduktion der Propargylalkohole (I) erhält man neben dem cis‐Olefinen (IV) und dem trans‐Olefin (V) die gesättigte Verbindung (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: REARRANGEMENT‐CYCLIZATION IN REACTIONS OF CROSS‐CONJUGATED PERFLUOROTRIENE WITH TERTIARY AMINES
Authors: TER‐GABRIELYAN E. G. , PARNES Z. N. , GAMBARYAN N. P. , SIMONYAN L. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas cross‐konjugierte Perfluor‐α,α‐bis‐isobutenylisobutylen (I) reagiert mit tertiären Aminen (als Base) unter Anlagerung zum Carbanion (II), das sich beim Stehenlassen zu (III) cyclisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: THE PLATINUM‐CATALYZED REDUCTION OF NITROARENES TO AMINOARENES WITH CARBON MONOXIDE AND WATER
Authors: WATANABE Y. , TSUJI Y. , OHSUMI T. , TAKEUCHI R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn Gegenwart von Pt‐Komplexen werden die Nitrobenzole (I) mit CO glatt zu den Anilinen (II) reduziert.