bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VALIDACIÓN DE DOS MÉTODOS PARA LA DETERMINACIÓN DE ION AMONIO Y SULFATO INORGÁNICO COMO INDICADORES DE RIESGO DE LITIASIS RENAL EN ORINA
Authors: Fernández Verónica Guillermina , Sobrero María Silvina , Marsili Nilda Raquel , Bonifasino Rosina , Brissón Cecilia , Pedro Angela , Denner Susana 
Published: May 2017

La evaluación metabólica del paciente litiásico implica la determinación de inhibidores y promotores de la litogénesis. Entre los últimos están el ion sulfato inorgánico y el ion amonio. El incremento en la excreción urinaria de sulfato contribuye a la formación de cálculos cálcicos, la de amonio los cálculos de estruvita y urato ácido de amonio. El objetivo del trabajo fue modificar y validar dos métodos analíticos tradicionales para su cuantificación. Para el primero modificó el método turbidimétrico de Lundquist y para el segundo se utilizó el método colorimétrico de Berthelot. Los parámetros de validación fueron: linealidad, límite de detección, límite de cuantificación, efecto matriz, estabilidad, precisión, veracidad y error total. Ambos métodos son rápidos, sencillos y económicos El rango se adecua a las concentraciones de muestras reales, son estables y no presentan efecto matriz. El amonio se adapta a criterios de calidad clínicos y el sulfato a criterios químicos.
Familiarity Detection is an Intrinsic Property of Cortical Microcircuits with Bidirectional Synaptic Plasticity
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Ju Han , Penney Trevor B. , VanDongen Antonius M.J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHumans instantly recognize a previously seen face as “familiar.” To deepen our understanding of familiarity-novelty detection, we simulated biologically plausible neural network models of generic cortical microcircuits consisting of spiking neurons with random recurrent synaptic connections. NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent synaptic plasticity was implemented to allow for unsupervised learning and bidirectional modifications. Network spiking activity evoked by sensory inputs consisting of face images altered synaptic efficacy, which resulted in the network responding more strongly to a previously seen face than a novel face. Network size determined how many faces could be accurately recognized as familiar. When the simulated model became sufficiently complex in structure, multiple familiarity traces could be retained in the same network by forming partially-overlapping subnetworks that differ slightly from each other, thereby resulting in a high storage capacity. Fisher’s discriminant analysis was applied to identify critical neurons whose spiking activity predicted familiar input patterns. Intriguingly, as sensory exposure was prolonged, the selected critical neurons tended to appear at deeper layers of the network model, suggesting recruitment of additional circuits in the network for incremental information storage. We conclude that generic cortical microcircuits with bidirectional synaptic plasticity have an intrinsic ability to detect familiar inputs. This ability does not require a specialized wiring diagram or supervision and can therefore be expected to emerge naturally in developing cortical circuits.
Drosophila Dalmatian combines sororin and shugoshin roles in establishment and protection of cohesion
Authors: Yamada Takashi , Tahara Eri , Kanke Mai , Kuwata Keiko , Nishiyama Tomoko 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSister chromatid cohesion is crucial to ensure chromosome bi‐orientation and equal chromosome segregation. Cohesin removal via mitotic kinases and Wapl has to be prevented in pericentromeric regions in order to protect cohesion until metaphase, but the mechanisms of mitotic cohesion protection remain elusive in Drosophila. Here, we show that dalmatian (Dmt), an ortholog of the vertebrate cohesin‐associated protein sororin, is required for protection of mitotic cohesion in flies. Dmt is essential for cohesion establishment during interphase and is enriched on pericentromeric heterochromatin. Dmt is recruited through direct association with heterochromatin protein‐1 (HP1), and this interaction is required for cohesion. During mitosis, Dmt interdependently recruits protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) to pericentromeric regions, and PP2A binding is required for Dmt to protect cohesion. Intriguingly, Dmt is sufficient to protect cohesion upon heterologous expression in human cells. Our findings of a hybrid system, in which Dmt exerts both sororin‐like establishment functions and shugoshin‐like heterochromatin‐based protection roles, provide clues to the evolutionary modulation of eukaryotic cohesion regulation systems.
Molecular interactions between tubulin tails and glutamylases reveal determinants of glutamylation patterns
Authors: Natarajan Kathiresan , Gadadhar Sudarshan , Souphron Judith , Magiera Maria M , Janke Carsten 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPosttranslational modifications of tubulin currently emerge as key regulators of microtubule functions. Polyglutamylation generates a variety of modification patterns that are essential for controlling microtubule functions in different cell types and organelles, and deregulation of these patterns has been linked to ciliopathies, cancer and neurodegeneration. How the different glutamylating enzymes determine precise modification patterns has so far remained elusive. Using computational modelling, molecular dynamics simulations and mutational analyses we now show how the carboxy‐terminal tails of tubulin bind into the active sites of glutamylases. Our models suggest that the glutamylation sites on α‐ and β‐tubulins are determined by the positioning of the tails within the catalytic pocket. Moreover, we found that the binding modes of α‐ and β‐tubulin tails are highly similar, implying that most enzymes could potentially modify both, α‐ and β‐tubulin. This supports a model in which the binding of the enzymes to the entire microtubule lattice, but not the specificity of the C‐terminal tubulin tails to their active sites, determines the catalytic specificities of glutamylases.
TREM2 deficiency impairs chemotaxis and microglial responses to neuronal injury
Authors: Mazaheri Fargol , Snaidero Nicolas , Kleinberger Gernot , Madore Charlotte , Daria Anna , Werner Georg , Krasemann Susanne , Capell Anja , Trümbach Dietrich , Wurst Wolfgang , Brunner Bettina , Bultmann Sebastian , Tahirovic Sabina , Kerschensteiner Martin , Misgeld Thomas , Butovsky Oleg , Haass Christian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSequence variations in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) have been linked to an increased risk for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. In the brain, TREM2 is predominantly expressed in microglia. Several disease‐associated TREM2 variants result in a loss of function by reducing microglial phagocytosis, impairing lipid sensing, preventing binding of lipoproteins and affecting shielding of amyloid plaques. We here investigate the consequences of TREM2 loss of function on the microglia transcriptome. Among the differentially expressed messenger RNAs in wild‐type and Trem2−/− microglia, gene clusters are identified which represent gene functions in chemotaxis, migration and mobility. Functional analyses confirm that loss of TREM2 impairs appropriate microglial responses to injury and signals that normally evoke chemotaxis on multiple levels. In an ex vivo organotypic brain slice assay, absence of TREM2 reduces the distance migrated by microglia. Moreover, migration towards defined chemo‐attractants is reduced upon ablation of TREM2 and can be rescued by TREM2 re‐expression. In vivo, microglia lacking TREM2 migrate less towards injected apoptotic neurons, and outgrowth of microglial processes towards sites of laser‐induced focal CNS damage in the somatosensory cortex is slowed. The apparent lack of chemotactic stimulation upon depletion of TREM2 is consistent with a stable expression profile of genes characterizing the homoeostatic signature of microglia.
CAD/CAM in dentistry – a critical review
Authors: Buhrer Samra Adriana Postiglione , Morais Eduardo , Mazur Rui Fernando , Vieira Sergio Roberto , Rached Rodrigo Nunes 
Published: May 2017

Objective: The CAD/CAM process in Dentistry describes an indirect restoration designed by a computer (Computer Aided Design) and milled by a computer assisted machine (Computer Aided Machined). It can be divided into three different steps: data acquisition, indirect restoration design and construction of the prosthesis itself. This paper relates the state of art of the CAD/CAM systems in dentistry and some of the concerns and special cares that can interphere to optimize their results. Yet, it stablish some considerations about the role of CAD/CAM systems in the present and near future of the dental practice.Methods: The Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and biomedical journal literature of the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE/PubMed) electronic databases were used to search the literature from 2004 to 2013.Conclusion: There are advantages to using CAD/CAM in Dentistry: the new materials are esthetically pleasing and durable; there is increased efficiency in laboratory processing; quick fabrication of the restoration; and quality control of restorations such as fit, mechanical durability and predictability. These advantages will ultimately benefit our patients.
COMPORTAMENTO ADAPTATIVO DO COFFEA CANEPHORA L. NA ZONA DA MATA PERNAMBUCANA
Authors: Silva Neto José Angelim , Almeida Carlos Alexandre Barros de , Oliveira Iane Andrade de , Silva Cassio José da 
Published: May 2017

A agricultura no Brasil é atividade com grande impacto na balança comercial. A cafeicultura constitui-se em uma das atividades que mais contribuem para o equilíbrio das exportações brasileiras. Os produtores de café buscam adequar-se a nova realidade do mercado, o qual vem exigindo atenção a aspectos relacionados à responsabilidade ambiental dos empreendimentos. Neste sentido há grande preocupação para obter a eficiência do uso da água e manutenção dos altos níveis de produtividade das lavouras. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho: Realizar a caracterização da estrutura e funcionalidade hidráulica em amostras coletadas no campo experimental e realizar a avaliação adaptativa da variedade à região, visando uma utilização mais adequada da espécie em estudo. A técnica mostrou-se eficiente para ser usada na estimativa acurada desses parâmetros em plantas de café conilon. De modo geral, concluiu-se que o clone do cafeeiro conilon (Variedade Vitória 2 Precoce) não apresentou grandes variações fenotípicas, indicando que as plantas estão apresentando o mesmo comportamento adaptativo no ambiente estudado.
CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOGÊNICAS E ESTRUTURAIS DO CAPIM-MARANDU SOB IRRIGAÇÃO E ADUBAÇÃO
Authors: Magalhães João Avelar , Carneiro Maria Socorro de Sousa , Andrade Alex Carvalho , Rodrigues Braz Henrique Nunes , Costa Newton Newton de Lucena , Santos Francisco José de Seixas , Edvan Ricardo Loiola , Araújo Neto Raimundo Bezerra de 
Published: May 2017

Avaliou-se os efeitos de diferentes lâminas de irrigação e doses de nitrogênio (N) sobre as características morfogênicas e estruturais do capim-Marandu (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu). O estudo foi conduzido na área experimental da EMBRAPA Meio-Norte, em Parnaíba, Piauí, Brasil. Em delineamento em blocos casualizado, esquema fatorial 2 x 4, foram testadas lâminas de irrigação (equivalente a reposição de 50% e 80% da Evaporação do Tanque Classe “A”) x doses de nitrogênio (16,7; 33,3; 50,0 e66,7 kg de N/corte), com três repetições. Os cortes foram realizados a cada 30 dias, totalizando quatro cortes. A redução da lâmina de irrigação proporcionou decréscimos nas taxas de alongamento da folha, aparecimento de folha, comprimento final da folha e número de folhas vivas, enquanto que a taxa de senescência aumentou. A adubação nitrogenada incrementou as taxas de alongamento e aparecimento de folha, e o comprimento final da folha, no entanto, provocou redução do número de folhas vivas e a ampliação da taxa de senescência.
O MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL NA ÁREA DE ENSINO
Authors: Silva Priscila Albertasse Dutra , Del Pino José Cláudio 
Published: May 2017

Este trabalho traça um panorama da situação dos Mestrados Profissionais (MP) da área de Ensino no Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação. Por meio das ferramentas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, realizamos este estudo de natureza quantitativa no qual foram analisados os dados dos programas de pós-graduação em funcionamento no país. A área de Ensino criada em 2000, é a que mais possui programas de Mestrado Profissional, 56% do total de seus programas são dessa modalidade, e os dados mostram que a procura por cursos desse tipo continua a crescer. Diante dessa expansão, verificamos o impacto da regulamentação dos Mestrados Profissionais pela Portaria CAPES/MEC nº 17 de 2009, analisando as propostas de cursos novos antes e depois dessa data. Comparamos os programas acadêmicos e os profissionais da área quanto a produtividade técnica, o percentual de propostas de cursos novos e programas existentes, verificando os fatores limitantes para sua implantação e o seu desempenho nas reavaliações periódicas. Verificamos que os mestrados profissionais vêm crescendo em quantidade e qualidade, mas ainda tem menor produtividade científica em comparação com os programas acadêmicos.
Fundraising in the context of social economy entities
Authors: Hajduk Łukasz 
Published: May 2017

Fundraising is planned, ethical and efficient money-raising activity, which is supposed to serve to common good. Social economy constitutes such a common good. So it is important to think about financing of these activities. The aim of article is to present the fundraising in the context of social economy. Author characterizes polish fundraising within historical context and taking into account its recent development. Following parts of the article describe methods of raising money, especially the principles, ethical consideration and four main sources of money. The author – academic teacher and certified fundraiser – describes process of raising money, based on his own experiences and contents of books and websites on fundraising.
Fundraising is a base for development and effectiveness of the social economy. It is very important to use all of four described sources of money. This guarantees stability. It is beneficial to think about employing a fundraiser. Social enterprises have too much to lose. So they cannot afford non effective fundraising. That is why the issues described in this article need serious consideration in practice of social economy.
Michel de Certeau e as pesquisas nos/dos/com os cotidianos em educação no Brasil
Authors: Ferraco Carlos Eduardo , Silva Soares Maria da Conceicao , Alves Nilda 
Published: May 2017

O artigo traz a reflexão de três autores que trabalham com o pensamento de De Certeau, com o propósito de indicar as influências desse autor no campo da Educação no Brasil, as quais estão na base da tessitura de uma corrente teórico-epistemológico-metodológica que se chama de pesquisas nos/dos/com os cotidianos, desenvolvidas por inúmeros grupos em universidades brasileiras.
O artigo indica alguns movimentos do pensamento de De Certeau, em diálogo com autores que o têm estudado; são ressaltados os seguintes aspectos: a presença constante do Outro e da diferença; a compreensão da invenção cotidiana de conhecimentos-significações pelos praticantes-pensantes nos diversos espaços-tempos; e os “usos” que fazem dos artefatos colocados para consumo. Por fim, esboça as criações teóricas que as pesquisas com os cotidianos têm potencializado a partir desse pensamento.
THE PROBLEMS OF REHABILITATION OF THE PATIENTS AFTER THE EXTREMITY AMPUTATION
Authors: Shvalb P. G. , Baranov C. B. 
Published: May 2017

Quality of a life of patients with a chronic critical ischemia of the lower extremities and an ineffectual attempt of the restoration of a blood-groove before amputation, after amputation and at a stage of prosthetics with the help of own questionnaire with special specificity is analysed.
The indications to the amputation and reamputation the of the lower extremity are formulated.
It is shown, that the duly and correctly executed amputation without the general and local complications in the postoperative period though results to the disablement (invalidisation), but as it is paradoxical sounds, it improves some aspects of quality of a life of the patient. Therefore the amputation is one of regular, though also undesirable methods of treatment of patients in a stage of a critical ischemia.
The conclusion is made, that process of rehabilitation of patients in a stage of a critical ischemia with ineffectual attempt of restoration of a blood-groove after the extremity amputation depending on a way of movement proceeds during 2 periods.
A clinical study of risk factors of acute pancreatitis in a tertiary care centre in north India
Authors: Jha Pawan Kumar , Chandran Rajnish , Jaiswal Pradeep , Seema Kumari 
Published: May 2017

Background: According to Atlanta Symposium, acute pancreatitis (AP) was defined as an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas that may also involve peri-pancreatic tissues and/or remote organ systems. The objective of this study was to know the risk factors of acute pancreatitis in patients admitted in a tertiary care centre in north IndiaMethods: A prospective study was performed with admitted cases of patients with acute pancreatitis over 2 years period. Total 104 patients were selected for study. All data concerning aetiology were recorded and analysed in all patients forming study groups.Results: Among 104 patients with acute pancreatitis 68 (65%) were females and 36 (35%) were males. Mean age of our study group was 40.9 years and maximum incidence was seen in 36-45 years. Most common cause was biliary pancreatitis (63%) followed by alcohol (27%), idiopathic (6%), trauma (3%), infections (1%). In females, most common aetiology was gall stone (88%), in males most commonly by alcohol (78%). As per Atlanta classification 81 patients (77.8%) had acute mild pancreatitis and 23 patients (22.2%) had acute severe pancreatitis. Majority females (66.7%) were admitted in mild acute pancreatitis. The mean age of patients in mild acute pancreatitis was 39.6 years and in severe group was 45.4 years. Gall stone were the leading cause in both mild and severe acute pancreatitis.Conclusions: Females were more commonly affected than men by acute pancreatitis. The most common aetiology was gall stone followed by alcohol which was leading cause in the males.
The efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing SSI (surgical site infection) in patients undergoing Lichenstein’s hernioplasty at our tertiary care centre
Authors: Alagarsamy Gowri Sankar , Ramasamy Rajavelu 
Published: May 2017

Background: Inguinal hernia surgery is the commonest surgery performed worldwide. Lichtenstein tension free repair using polypropylene mesh is the gold standard procedure for inguinal hernioplasty. Wound infection is the most common complication encountered in inguinal hernia surgery. Antibiotic prophylaxis for open inguinal hernioplasty in minimizing wound infection has been a subject of debate since the beginning of mesh repair.Methods: This study is a randomized control trial (double blind study) designed to study the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing SSI (surgical site infection) in patients undergoing Lichenstein’s hernioplasty at our tertiary care centre.Results: The overall SSI incidence was found to be 12% in the study population. Among the placebo group, SSI was observed in 7 patients (14%). In the patients in whom antibiotic prophylaxis was administered, SSI was observed in 5 patients (10%).Conclusions: Antibiotic prophylaxis was associated with decreased incidence of wound infection when compared to control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. This study only gives a baseline data about the status of SSI associated with hernia repair in our tertiary care centre highlighting the need for further research in this field.
Śląskie lochy i smoki – wariacje historyczne Szczepana Twardocha
Authors: Czyżak Agnieszka 
Published: May 2017

Nadrzędnym celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie metod twórczych konstytutywnych dla prozy Szczepana Twardocha. Interpretacja jego powieści zatytułowanej Drach, a opublikowanej w 2014 roku, jako przykładu dzisiejszego pisarstwa historycznego potwierdza rozpoznania dokonane przez badaczy z nurtu Nowego Historyzmu. Tekst oparty na wzorcu sagi rodzinnej ukazuje w specyficzny sposób lokalną historię Śląska w ciągu XX wieku.
Dlaczego oświecenie? Tomasz Cieślak i Jerzy Wiśniewski rozmawiają z Profesorem Wiesławem Puszem
Authors: Cieślak Tomasz , Wiśniewski Jerzy , Pusz Wiesław 
Published: May 2017

W rozmowie z Tomaszem Cieślakiem i Jerzym Wiśniewskim profesor Wiesław Pusz, badacz literatury polskiego oświecenia opowiada o środowisku łódzkiej polonistyki, swoich badawczych pasjach i lekturach.
Pumping Practices and Characteristics of Mothers With Preterm Babies Going to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Schy Debbie , Leonardi Nathaniel , Kozmic Sarah E. , Wiesbrock Jeanne , Sulo Suela 
Published: May 2017

Introduction:The benefits of mothers own milk on premature and ill infants’ nutritional, immunological, and developmental needs have been shown. This article aims to provide insights regarding pumping practices and characteristics of mothers with preterm babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods:Data on the milk production of women who gave birth to preterm babies at a tertiary teaching hospital was collected between 2010 and 2013. Mothers logged their pumping sessions, and milk was brought to the NICU in accordance with hospital policies.Results:Eighty-one mothers were enrolled in the study. Thirteen (16%) who did not return any logs were excluded from the data analysis. Of the remaining 68 mothers, 16 (24%) began pumping within 6 hours of the birth, whereas 52 (77%) did not. On Day 1, the average daily volume of breast milk pumped was 6 ml (SD = 10, range 0–63 ml). By Day 5, the average daily volume pumped increased to 285 ml (SD = 221, range 0–823 ml).Conclusion:There is a wide range in milk production for mothers of preterm infants, thus highlighting the need for evidence-based information and continuous encouragement of mothers to provide this valuable resource to the very vulnerable preterm infants.