bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Volumetric Capacitance, Ultralong Life Supercapacitors Enabled by Waxberry‐Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon Materials
Authors: Dong Xiaomei , Jin Huile , Wang Rongyue , Zhang Jingjing , Feng Xin , Yan Chengzhan , Chen Suqin , Wang Shun , Wang Jichang , Lu Jun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSupercapacitors with fast charge/discharge rate and long cycling stability (>50 000 cycles) are attractive for energy storage and mobile power supply. In this paper, a facile strategy is developed to fabricate an Fe2O3/FeS‐decorated N, S‐codoped hierarchical porous carbon hybrid. Its microstructure and compositions can be readily controlled through adjusting the hydrothermal reaction between waxberry and iron sulfate. The constructed supercapacitors with the as‐prepared carbon materials from this reaction are able to exhibit outstanding capacitive performance with a superfast charge/discharge rate (<1 s), ultralong cycle life (>50 000 cycles, 80 A g−1), ultrahigh volumetric capacitance (1320.4 F cm−3, 0.1 A g−1), and high energy density (100.9 W h kg−1, 221.9 W h L−1). The outstanding performance makes it one of the best biomass‐derived supercapacitors. The superior capacitive behavior is likely to arise from the N and S codoping on the surface/edge/skeleton of the carbon microspheres and nanosheet composites coupled with the fast redox reaction of Fe2O3/FeS. Overall, this research presents a new avenue for developing the next generation of sustainable high‐performance energy storage device.
Reinforced soy protein isolate–based bionanocomposites with halloysite nanotubes via mussel‐inspired dopamine and polylysine codeposition
Authors: Kang Haijiao , Wang Zhong , Zhao Shujun , Wang Qingchun , Zhang Shifeng 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTFully renewable soy protein isolate (SPI)–based film with rigid strength and sufficient water resistance is difficult to attain. In this study, the mussel‐inspired surface chemistry of ɛ‐poly‐L‐lysine (ɛ‐PL)/dopamine was exploited for codeposition onto halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to engineer a multinetwork of HNT/SPI bionanocomposite films via physicochemical bonds. A series of ɛ‐PL/dopamine aqueous solutions at different concentration ratios were employed. The ɛ‐PL with abundant cationic amine groups could prevent the overoxidation of dopamine on HNT surfaces, thus maintaining sufficient free catechol groups for highly active reactions that improve the biphase interfacial adhesion. Moreover, HNTs surface entangled by ɛ‐PL chains could be more compatible with peptides. This codeposition of ɛ‐PL/dopamine on HNT (DLHNT) surfaces was analyzed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. Compared to the control SPI film, the tensile strength of the nanocomposite film (DLHNTs0.5/SPI) was increased from 5.9 MPa to 8.25 MPa, the Young's modulus was improved by 166.4%, and the moisture absorption was reduced to 56.1% (87.2% of the control). In summary, a facile and mild bioinspired surface chemistry of ɛ‐PL/dopamine codeposition onto HNT surfaces was performed to prepare SPI‐based nanocomposite films with improved interfacial adhesion and benign compatibility. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46197.
High heat resistant blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) and styrenic copolymers via post reactor modification
Authors: Muthukrishnan Sharmila , Mitra Susanta , Ranjith P. , Gopalakrishnan Sadasivam , Parthipan P. , Al‐Farhood Bander 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThis work focuses on the methodology to obtain high heat resistant grades of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) without affecting any of the enabling properties of PMMA through the post reactor modification approach. The post reactor modification approach has been employed to obtain high heat resistant grades of PMMA through blending of PMMA with the high heat copolymers namely, styrene maleic anhydride copolymers (SMA) which have a higher glass transition temperature (Tg) than that of PMMA. The optimum levels of maleic anhydride content (MA %) in the SMA and the preferred composition range of PMMA and SMA blends have been identified wherein the heat properties of PMMA improve substantially without affecting the key properties of PMMA such as optical clarity, mechanical, flow, scratch, and weatherability. There are various analytical tools that are being employed to characterize the resulting blends of PMMA and SMA to gain deeper understanding from the fundamental behavior of these blends for the key applications of interest. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46220.
Simultaneous LC‐MS/MS bioanalysis of etoposide and paclitaxel in mouse tissues and plasma after oral administration of self‐microemulsifying drug‐delivery systems
Authors: Li Dan , Zhao Gang , Ai Weipeng , Li Gao , Si Luqin , Huang Jiangeng , Chen Yunzhou , Wu Sanlan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this study, a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method was developed and validated to simultaneously determine the anticancer drugs etoposide and paclitaxel in mouse plasma and tissues including liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen and brain. The analytes were extracted from the matrices of interest by liquid–liquid extraction using methyl tert‐butyl ether–dichloromethane (1:1, v/v). Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Ultimate XB‐C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 3 μm) at 40°C and the total run time was 4 min under a gradient elution. Ionization was conducted using electrospray ionization in the positive mode. Stable isotope etoposide‐d3 and docetaxel were used as the internal standards. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of etoposide was 1 ng/g tissue for all tissues and 0.5 ng/mL for plasma. The LLOQ of paclitaxel was 0.4 ng/g tissue and 0.2 ng/mL for all tissues and plasma, respectively. The coefficients of correlation for all of the analytes in the tissues and plasma were >0.99. Both intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy and precision were satisfactory. This method was successfully applied to measure plasma and tissue drug concentrations in mice treated with etoposide and paclitaxel‐loaded self‐microemulsifying drug‐delivery systems.
Risk stratification for febrile neutropenia in patients with testicular germ cell tumors
Authors: Terbuch Angelika , Posch Florian , Partl Richard , Zurl Brigitte , Bauernhofer Thomas , Pichler Martin , Szkandera Joanna , Hutterer Georg C. , Pummer Karl , Kapp Karin S. , Stöger Herbert , Gerger Armin , Stotz Michael 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to detect risk factors for febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). In this retrospective cohort study at the Medical University of Graz, we included 413 consecutive TGCT patients who received adjuvant or curative treatment with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. FN occurred in 70 (16.9%) of 413 patients. In univariable logistic regression, higher age (odds ratio (OR) per 5 years = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.02–1.35, P = 0.022), reduced performance status (PS) (OR = 2.73, 1.47–5.06, P = 0.001), seminomatous histology (OR = 2.19, 1.26–3.78, P = 0.005), poor IGCCCG risk class (OR = 4.20, 1.71–10.33, P = 0.002), and prior radiotherapy (pRTX) (OR = 8.98, 2.09–38.61, P = 0.003) were associated with a higher risk of FN. In multivariable analysis adjusting for age and risk classification, only poor PS (OR = 2.06, 1.05–4.03, P = 0.035), seminomatous histology (OR = 2.08, 1.01–4.26, P = 0.047), and pRTX (OR = 7.31, 1.61–33.17, P = 0.010) prevailed. In the subgroup of seminoma patients (n = 104), only pRTX predicted for FN risk (OR = 5.60, 1.24–25.34, P = 0.025). Five of eight seminoma patients with pRTX developed FN (63%), as compared to 22 FN cases (23%) in the 96 seminoma patients without pRTX (P = 0.027). The eight seminoma patients who received pRTX had significantly lower pre‐chemo white blood counts (4.7 vs. 6.5 G/L), neutrophil counts (3.2 vs. 4.3 G/L), and platelet counts (185 vs. 272 G/L) than patients without pRTX (all P < 0.0001). TGCT patients with a reduced performance status or who had been previously treated with radiotherapy have an increased risk for neutropenic fever during chemotherapy.
An integral criterion for turbulence suppression in swirling flows
Authors: Zaman Ehsan , Vakil Ali , Martinez Mark , Olson James 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA numerical study of flow in rotating pipes was conducted to elucidate the relative importance of convection and turbulence. CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations of flow inside a rotating pipe (D = 2 cm and L/D = 20) were carried out, using the Reynolds Stress Model, for four different Reynolds numbers and a range of rotation numbers. The objective was to gain a deeper understanding of the interaction between fluid forces in swirling flows. This widely‐studied model problem was used to ascertain the conditions under which computationally cheaper turbulence models such as the k‐ϵ model should be accurate.We identified a dimensionless rotation parameter that delineates the condition at which decreasing turbulence force equals increasing convective force as rotational speed increases. This dimensionless number establishes a criterion for knowing which forces are dominant, and thereby a rational basis for choosing turbulence models that are both cost‐effective and accurate. We found a universal, critical threshold that determines when convective forces dominate over turbulence forces. This threshold determination is based on an ‘integral measure criterion’ of local forces in the radial direction. The threshold itself is defined by a dimensionless rotation number, N, based on the ratio of the circumferential and axial flow velocities. The critical value was found to be Ncr = 0.45. Above this, convection dominates; below it, turbulence dominates. This finding will facilitate selection of CFD models to optimize cost and accuracy for modelling swirling flows. For example, k‐ϵ models suffice when Ncr < 0.45, but more complex models are required for higher values.
Patterns of activity and body temperature of Aldabra giant tortoises in relation to environmental temperature
Authors: Falcón Wilfredo , Baxter Rich P. , Furrer Samuel , Bauert Martin , Hatt Jean‐Michel , Schaepman‐Strub Gabriela , Ozgul Arpat , Bunbury Nancy , Clauss Marcus , Hansen Dennis M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe studied the temperature relations of wild and zoo Aldabra giant tortoises (Aldabrachelys gigantea) focusing on (1) the relationship between environmental temperature and tortoise activity patterns (n = 8 wild individuals) and (2) on tortoise body temperature fluctuations, including how their core and external body temperatures vary in relation to different environmental temperature ranges (seasons; n = 4 wild and n = 5 zoo individuals). In addition, we surveyed the literature to review the effect of body mass on core body temperature range in relation to environmental temperature in the Testudinidae. Diurnal activity of tortoises was bimodally distributed and influenced by environmental temperature and season. The mean air temperature at which activity is maximized was 27.9°C, with a range of 25.8–31.7°C. Furthermore, air temperature explained changes in the core body temperature better than did mass, and only during the coldest trial, did tortoises with higher mass show more stable temperatures. Our results, together with the overall Testudinidae overview, suggest that, once variation in environmental temperature has been taken into account, there is little effect of mass on the temperature stability of tortoises. Moreover, the presence of thermal inertia in an individual tortoise depends on the environmental temperatures, and we found no evidence for inertial homeothermy. Finally, patterns of core and external body temperatures in comparison with environmental temperatures suggest that Aldabra giant tortoises act as mixed conformer–regulators. Our study provides a baseline to manage the thermal environment of wild and rewilded populations of an important island ecosystem engineer species in an era of climate change.
Sensitive Amperometric Determination of Thiocyanates at Ionic Liquid Nanohybrid Kaolinite Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Nguelo Bruno Boniface , Dedzo Gustave Kenne , Tonle Ignas Kenfack , Detellier Christian , Ngameni Emmanuel 
Published: January 2018

AbstractElectrochemical sensors have been developed by modifying a glassy carbon electrode with organo‐kaolinite hybrid materials. These materials were obtained by the grafting of four ionic liquids (1‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐4‐benzylpyridinium chloride, 1‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐4‐(tert‐butyl)pyridinium chloride, 1‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐4‐ethylpyridinium chloride and 1‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐4‐methylpyridinium chloride) on the interlayer aluminol surfaces of kaolinite. With the presence of ionic liquids in the interlayer space of kaolinite, the hybrid materials acquired anion exchange properties and were successfully applied as electrode modifier for the electroanalysis of thiocyanate (SCN−), an anion of medical and environmental concern. A pre‐concentration/detection strategy was used to overcome the interfering effect of the electrolytic solution. After the optimisation of some key experimental parameters (sodium nitrate as electrolyte, 5 min of accumulation time) calibration curves were plotted. Excellent linearity was obtained in the low concentration region (1×10−6 M to 4×10−5 M). The lowest detection limit (15 nM) was obtained with the benzylpyridinium functionalized kaolinite and the highest (60 nM) with the methylpyridinium functionalized kaolinite. Interfering anions (NO3−, Cl−, SO42− and CH3COO−) present in the pre‐concentration solution were found to interfere with SCN− but the sensors remained stable and produced reproducible signals. The most sensitive sensor was successfully applied for the amperometric determination of SCN− in human saliva samples.
Experimental study of the combustion characteristics of methanol‐gasoline blends pool fires in a full‐scale tunnel
Authors: Tian Xiangliang , Zhong Maohua , Shi Congling , Zhang Peihong , Liu Chang 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe combustion characteristics of methanol‐gasoline blends pool fires were studied in a series of full‐scale tunnel experiments conducted with different methanol and gasoline blends. The parameters were measured including the mass loss rate, the pool surface temperature, the fire plume centerline temperature, the ceiling temperature, the smoke layer temperature profile, the flame height, and the smoke layer interface height. The gasoline components were analyzed by GC‐MS. The effects of azeotropism on the combustion characteristics of the different blends were discussed. On the basis of the results of the fire plume centerline temperature, the ceiling temperature, and the flame height, it shows that the tunnel fire regime gradually switches from fuel controlled to ventilation controlled with increasing gasoline fractions in the blends. The fire plume can be divided into 3 regions by the fire plume centerline temperature for the different blends. The N‐percentage rule to determine the smoke layer interface height is found to be applicable for tunnel fires with different blends for N = 26.
Ephrin‐A1‐EphA4 signaling negatively regulates myelination in the central nervous system
Authors: Harboe Mette , Torvund‐Jensen Julie , Kjaer‐Sorensen Kasper , Laursen Lisbeth S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDuring development of the central nervous system not all axons are myelinated, and axons may have distinct myelination patterns. Furthermore, the number of myelin sheaths formed by each oligodendrocyte is highly variable. However, our current knowledge about the axo‐glia communication that regulates the formation of myelin sheaths spatially and temporally is limited. By using axon‐mimicking microfibers and a zebrafish model system, we show that axonal ephrin‐A1 inhibits myelination. Ephrin‐A1 interacts with EphA4 to activate the ephexin1‐RhoA‐Rock‐myosin 2 signaling cascade and causes inhibition of oligodendrocyte process extension. Both in myelinating co‐cultures and in zebrafish larvae, activation of EphA4 decreases myelination, whereas myelination is increased by inhibition of EphA4 signaling at different levels of the pathway, or by receptor knockdown. Mechanistically, the enhanced myelination is a result of a higher number of myelin sheaths formed by each oligodendrocyte, not an increased number of mature cells. Thus, we have identified EphA4 and ephrin‐A1 as novel negative regulators of myelination. Our data suggest that activation of an EphA4‐RhoA pathway in oligodendrocytes by axonal ephrin‐A1 inhibits stable axo‐glia interaction required for generating a myelin sheath.
Is “end of life” a special case? Connecting Q with survey methods to measure societal support for views on the value of life‐extending treatments
Authors: Mason Helen , Collins Marissa , McHugh Neil , Godwin Jon , Van Exel Job , Donaldson Cam , Baker Rachel 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPreference elicitation studies reporting societal views on the relative value of end‐of‐life treatments have produced equivocal results. This paper presents an alternative method, combining Q methodology and survey techniques (Q2S) to determine the distribution of 3 viewpoints on the relative value of end‐of‐life treatments identified in a previous, published, phase of this work. These were Viewpoint 1, “A population perspective: value for money, no special cases”; Viewpoint 2, “Life is precious: valuing life‐extension and patient choice”; and Viewpoint 3, “Valuing wider benefits and opportunity cost: the quality of life and death.”A Q2S survey of 4,902 respondents across the United Kingdom measured agreement with these viewpoints; 37% most agreed with Viewpoint 1, 49% with Viewpoint 2, and 9% with Viewpoint 3. Regression analysis showed associations of viewpoints with gender, level of education, religion, voting preferences, and satisfaction with the NHS.The Q2S approach provides a promising means to investigate how in‐depth views and opinions are represented in the wider population. As demonstrated in this study, there is often more than 1 viewpoint on a topic and methods that seek to estimate that averages may not provide the best guidance for societal decision‐making.
A new analysis ofVIXusing mixture of regressions: Examination and short‐term forecasting for the S & P 500 market
Authors: Miljkovic Tatjana , SenGupta Indranil 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA novel approach to the analysis of S & P 500 market fluctuations is proposed using a K‐component mixture of regressions model. The Barndorff‐Nielsen and Shephard stochastic model is employed where the estimates of jumps of log‐returns are governed by Lévy subordinators. DailyVIXandVIX2close prices are analyzed as the indicators of log‐return volatility and the corresponding variance of the S & P 500 index using the mixture model. The behavior of the S & P 500 market from 1 August 2005 to 31 December 2009 is analyzed and forecasted. A set of rules are provided to predict monthly fluctuation in the S & P 500 market. The procedure used in this paper gives a novel approach for constructing an “indicator”of non‐Gaussian jump of an empirical data set in finance using mixture of regression (Gaussian) analysis.
Impact of relaxation of the one‐child policy on maternal mortality in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Sun Wen , Liu Shiliang , He Fang , Du Lili , Guo Yanfang , El‐Chaar Darine , Wen Shi Wu , Chen Dunjin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of the one‐child policy in China on maternal mortality.MethodsThe present retrospective study included maternal death data from Guangdong, China, from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2015; data from 2013 were excluded because they were not available. Maternal deaths were divided into legal and illegal pregnancies based on adherence to the one‐child policy. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was compared between the groups, temporal trends in the MMR were examined, and comparisons were made of the causes of death and access to maternity care.ResultsThe final analysis included 847 520 live deliveries and 383 maternal deaths. The MMR among legal pregnancies declined moderately from 18.5 deaths per 100 000 live deliveries in 2006 to 12.2 deaths per 100 000 live deliveries in 2015 (P=0.029), whereas the MMR among illegal pregnancies declined dramatically from 1268.4 deaths per 100 000 live deliveries to 177.5 deaths per 100 000 live deliveries (P<0.001). The proportion of avoidable maternal deaths decreased and access to quality maternity care improved among illegal pregnancies during the study period.ConclusionsMaternal mortality among illegal pregnancies declined with relaxation of the one‐child policy in China.
The impact of preapheresis white blood cell count on autologous peripheral blood stem cell collection efficiency and HSC infusion side effect rate
Authors: Sakashita Araci. M. , Kondo Andrea T. , Yokoyama Ana Paula H. , Lira Sanny M. C. , Bub Carolina B. , Souza Aline M. , Cipolletta Andrea N. F. , Alvarez Kelen C. , Hamerschlak Nelson , Kutner Jose M. , Chiattone Carlos S. 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundAutologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell (PBSC) collection efficiency (CE) is reportedly affected by the patient's blood properties; however, studies to identify factors correlated with CE have shown inconsistent results. Additionally, variables such as stem cell graft granulocyte content and patient age, sex, and underlying disease, may be associated with hematopietic stem cell (HSC) infusion‐related adverse reactions. In this study, we evaluated the correlation of preleukapheresis PB granulocyte count and PBSC harvest variables with CD34+collection yield and efficiency, and thawed HSC infusion side effect occurrence.Patients and methodsWe evaluated data from 361 patients who had undergone autologous PBSC transplant. Large volume leukapheresis was the method for PBSC collection. Complete Blood Count and CD34+ cell enumeration were performed in the preapheresis PB and the apheresis product sample. The PBSC grafts were submitted to non‐controlled rate freezing after addition of 5% DMSO plus 6% hidroxyethylstarch as a cryoprotectant solution. The cryopreserved graft was thawed in a 37°C water bath and then infused without further manipulation.ResultsThe CD34+ yield was associated with preapheresis PB CD34+ count and immature granulocyte count. The PBSC CE was negatively correlated with preapheresis white blood cell (WBC), immature granulocyte and granulocyte count. The leukapheresis product total nucleated cell (TNC) and granulocyte content was correlated with the thawed graft infusion side effect occurrence.ConclusionThis study has shown that preapheresis PB WBC and granulocyte counts were associated with leukapheresis CE. Additionally, the leukapheresis product TNC and granulocyte content was correlated with thawed graft infusion side effect occurrence.