bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trauern in Abhängigkeit vom Verwandtschaftsverhältnis zum Verstorbenen und der Todesart
Authors: Wittkowski Joachim , Scheuchenpflug Rainer 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung. Gegenstand der Untersuchung ist die Frage, ob bei Erwachsenen Unterschiede in der Ausprägung verschiedener Aspekte des Trauerns in Abhängigkeit vom Verwandtschaftsverhältnis zur verstorbenen Person und zur Todesart bestehen. Eine Stichprobe von 521 Personen bearbeitete das Würzburger Trauerinventar teils online und teils im Papier-und-Bleistift-Verfahren. Nach dem Verlust eines Kindes oder Ehepartners sind akute emotionale und kognitive Beeinträchtigungen und das Empfinden der Nähe zur verstorbenen Person jeweils stärker ausgeprägt als nach dem Verlust eines Elternteils oder Geschwisters. Nach einem unfallbedingten Verlust sind Beeinträchtigungen und das Empfinden der Nähe zur verstorbenen Person nicht stärker als nach einem Todesfall infolge von Krankheit. Angehörige von Suizidopfern äußern stärkere Schuldgefühle als Angehörige von Personen, die durch Krankheit oder Unfall umkamen. „Alter“, „Geschlecht“ und „Konfession“ spielen keine Rolle als Moderatorvariablen. Die Ergebnisse werden im Kontext internationaler Befunde zu Risikofaktoren des Trauerns diskutiert, und es werden Schlussfolgerungen für die klinische Praxis aufgezeigt.
Physical Activity and Affective Well-Being in Everyday Life
Authors: Jeckel Stephanie , Sudeck Gorden 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Multiple studies verified the acute positive effects of physical activity on affective well-being, focusing on sport activities in laboratory settings or supervised programs. This study builds on existing ambulatory assessment studies that indicate positive associations between physical activity and affective well-being (valence, energetic arousal) in everyday life and explicitly differentiates between sport activities and daily physical activities. Moreover, the sustainability of effects is explored. For 7 days, 21 men and 25 women (Mage = 32 years) participated in the study. Physical activity was captured objectively by an accelerometer and additionally with an activity diary. Affective well-being was gathered via a smartphone multiple times per day. Multilevel analyses revealed positive effects on affective well-being (valence, calmness, energetic arousal) for sport activities included in the daily routine. Daily physical activity showed acute positive effects for valence and energetic arousal but not for calmness. However, at the day’s end, sport activities and daily physical activity were positively associated with valence and calmness. This study gives further background knowledge for activity recommendations based on the affect-regulating potential of physical activity.
Geschlechtsunterschiede in der Stressvulnerabilität, Stressbewältigung und Stresssymptomatik bei Grundschulkindern
Authors: Beck Jennifer , Lange Sarah , Tröster Heinrich 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde der Frage nachgegangen, ob sich Mädchen und Jungen im Grundschulalter in ihrer Stressvulnerabilität und -symptomatik sowie in ihren Stressbewältigungsstrategien unterscheiden. Dazu wurden bei 485 Kindern (51.1 % Mädchen) der dritten und vierten Klassenstufe (Alter 8 – 11) die Stressvulnerabilität, Stresssymptomatik und Stressbewältigung (sozialer und leistungsbezogener Situationen) anhand des „Fragebogens zur Erhebung von Stress und Stressbewältigung im Kindes- und Jugendalter“ (SSKJ 3 – 8; Lohaus, Eschenbeck, Kohlmann & Klein-Heßling, 2006 ) untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass bei Mädchen eine höhere Stressvulnerabilität und -symptomatik besteht als bei Jungen. Zur Bewältigung von Alltagsstressoren suchten Mädchen mehr soziale Unterstützung als Jungen, während Jungen häufiger vermeidend bewältigten als Mädchen. Die Geschlechtsunterschiede variierten nicht in Abhängigkeit der Stresssituation. Der Einsatz der Strategien Suche nach sozialer Unterstützung, vermeidende Bewältigung und destruktiv-ärgerbezogene Emotionsregulation wurde jedoch generell häufiger in der sozialen als in der leistungsbezogenen Anforderungssituation berichtet. Unsere Befunde deuten auf einen besonderen Unterstützungsbedarf von Mädchen hin und werfen die Frage nach geschlechtsspezifischen Fördermaßnahmen für Grundschulkinder auf.
Neuroblastoma cells depend on HDAC11 for mitotic cell cycle progression and survival
Authors: Thole Theresa M , Lodrini Marco , Fabian Johannes , Wuenschel Jasmin , Pfeil Sebastian , Hielscher Thomas , Kopp-Schneider Annette , Heinicke Ulrike , Fulda Simone , Witt Olaf , Eggert Angelika , Fischer Matthias , Deubzer Hedwig E 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe number of long-term survivors of high-risk neuroblastoma remains discouraging, with 10-year survival as low as 20%, despite decades of considerable international efforts to improve outcome. Major obstacles remain and include managing resistance to induction therapy, which causes tumor progression and early death in high-risk patients, and managing chemotherapy-resistant relapses, which can occur years after the initial diagnosis. Identifying and validating novel therapeutic targets is essential to improve treatment. Delineating and deciphering specific functions of single histone deacetylases in neuroblastoma may support development of targeted acetylome-modifying therapeutics for patients with molecularly defined high-risk neuroblastoma profiles. We show here that HDAC11 depletion inMYCN-driven neuroblastoma cell lines strongly induces cell death, mostly mediated by apoptotic programs. Genes necessary for mitotic cell cycle progression and cell division were most prominently enriched in at least two of three time points in whole-genome expression data combined from two cell systems, and all nine genes in these functional categories were strongly repressed, includingCENPA,KIF14,KIF23andRACGAP1. Enforced expression of one selected candidate,RACGAP1, partially rescued the induction of apoptosis caused by HDAC11 depletion. High-level expression of all nine genes in primary neuroblastomas significantly correlated with unfavorable overall and event-free survival in patients, suggesting a role in mediating the more aggressive biological and clinical phenotype of these tumors. Our study identified a group of cell cycle-promoting genes regulated by HDAC11, being both predictors of unfavorable patient outcome and essential for tumor cell viability. The data indicate a significant role of HDAC11 for mitotic cell cycle progression and survival ofMYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells, and suggests that HDAC11 could be a valuable drug target.
Metacaspase-binding peptide inhibits heat shock-induced death in Leishmania (L.) amazonensis
Authors: Peña Mauricio S , Cabral Guilherme C , Fotoran Wesley L , Perez Katia R , Stolf Beatriz S 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLeishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis is an important agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil. This parasite faces cell death in some situations during transmission to the vertebrate host, and this process seems to be dependent on the activity of metacaspase (MCA), an enzyme bearing trypsin-like activity present in protozoans, plants and fungi. In fact, the association between MCA expression and cell death induced by different stimuli has been demonstrated for several Leishmania species. Regulators and natural substrates of MCA are poorly known. To fulfill this gap, we have employed phage display over recombinant L. (L.) amazonensis MCA to identify peptides that could interact with the enzyme and modulate its activity. Four peptides were selected for their capacity to specifically bind to MCA and interfere with its activity. One of these peptides, similar to ecotin-like ISP3 of L. (L.) major, decreases trypsin-like activity of promastigotes under heat shock, and significantly decreases parasite heat shock-induced death. These findings indicate that peptide ligands identified by phage display affect trypsin-like activity and parasite death, and that an endogenous peptidase inhibitor is a possible natural regulator of the enzyme.
Mechanical compression induces VEGFA overexpression in breast cancer via DNMT3A-dependent miR-9 downregulation
Authors: Kim Baek Gil , Gao Ming-Qing , Kang Suki , Choi Yoon Pyo , Lee Joo Hyun , Kim Ji Eun , Han Hyun Ho , Mun Seong Gyeong , Cho Nam Hoon 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTumor growth generates mechanical compression, which may trigger mechanotransduction in cancer and stromal cells and promote tumor progression. However, very little is known about how compression stimulates signal transduction and contributes to tumor progression. In the present study, we demonstrated that compression enhances a tumor progression phenotype using an in vitro compression model, and validated the results from the in vitro model with high- and low-compressed breast cancer tissues. Mechanical compression induced miR-9 downregulation by DNMT3A-dependent promoter methylation in the MDA-MB-231 and BT-474 breast cancer cell lines and in cancer-associated fibroblasts. The overexpression of miR-9 target genes (LAMC2, ITGA6, and EIF4E) was induced by miR-9 downregulation, which eventually enhanced vascular endothelial growth factors production. Demethylation and decompression could reverse compression-induced miR-9 downregulation and following overexpression of miR-9 target genes and VEGFA.
Evolution of complexity in the zebrafish synapse proteome
Authors: Bayés Àlex , Collins Mark O. , Reig-Viader Rita , Gou Gemma , Goulding David , Izquierdo Abril , Choudhary Jyoti S. , Emes Richard D. , Grant Seth G. N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe proteome of human brain synapses is highly complex and is mutated in over 130 diseases. This complexity arose from two whole-genome duplications early in the vertebrate lineage. Zebrafish are used in modelling human diseases; however, its synapse proteome is uncharacterized, and whether the teleost-specific genome duplication (TSGD) influenced complexity is unknown. We report the characterization of the proteomes and ultrastructure of central synapses in zebrafish and analyse the importance of the TSGD. While the TSGD increases overall synapse proteome complexity, the postsynaptic density (PSD) proteome of zebrafish has lower complexity than mammals. A highly conserved set of ∼1,000 proteins is shared across vertebrates. PSD ultrastructural features are also conserved. Lineage-specific proteome differences indicate that vertebrate species evolved distinct synapse types and functions. The data sets are a resource for a wide range of studies and have important implications for the use of zebrafish in modelling human synaptic diseases.
ALS-linked FUS exerts a gain of toxic function involving aberrant p38 MAPK activation
Authors: Sama Reddy Ranjith K. , Fallini Claudia , Gatto Rodolfo , McKeon Jeanne E. , Song Yuyu , Rotunno Melissa S. , Penaranda Saul , Abdurakhmanov Izrail , Landers John E. , Morfini Gerardo , Brady Scott T. , Bosco Daryl A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMutations in Fused in Sarcoma/Translocated in Liposarcoma (FUS) cause familial forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive axonal degeneration mainly affecting motor neurons. Evidence from transgenic mouse models suggests mutant forms of FUS exert an unknown gain-of-toxic function in motor neurons, but mechanisms underlying this effect remain unknown. Towards this end, we studied the effect of wild type FUS (FUS WT) and three ALS-linked variants (G230C, R521G and R495X) on fast axonal transport (FAT), a cellular process critical for appropriate maintenance of axonal connectivity. All ALS-FUS variants impaired anterograde and retrograde FAT in squid axoplasm, whereas FUS WT had no effect. Misfolding of mutant FUS is implicated in this process, as the molecular chaperone Hsp110 mitigated these toxic effects. Interestingly, mutant FUS-induced impairment of FAT in squid axoplasm and of axonal outgrowth in mammalian primary motor neurons involved aberrant activation of the p38 MAPK pathway, as also reported for ALS-linked forms of Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). Accordingly, increased levels of active p38 MAPK were detected in post-mortem human ALS-FUS brain tissues. These data provide evidence for a novel gain-of-toxic function for ALS-linked FUS involving p38 MAPK activation.
Differential modulation of the cellular and humoral immune responses in Drosophila is mediated by the endosomal ARF1-Asrij axis
Authors: Khadilkar Rohan J. , Ray Arindam , Chetan D. R. , Sinha Arghyashree RoyChowdhury , Magadi Srivathsa S. , Kulkarni Vani , Inamdar Maneesha S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHow multicellular organisms maintain immune homeostasis across various organs and cell types is an outstanding question in immune biology and cell signaling. InDrosophila, blood cells (hemocytes) respond to local and systemic cues to mount an immune response. While endosomal regulation ofDrosophilahematopoiesis is reported, the role of endosomal proteins in cellular and humoral immunity is not well-studied. Here we demonstrate a functional role for endosomal proteins in immune homeostasis. We show that the ubiquitous trafficking protein ADP Ribosylation Factor 1 (ARF1) and the hemocyte-specific endosomal regulator Asrij differentially regulate humoral immunity. Asrij and ARF1 play an important role in regulating the cellular immune response by controlling the crystal cell melanization and phenoloxidase activity. ARF1 and Asrij mutants show reduced survival and lifespan upon infection, indicating perturbed immune homeostasis. The ARF1-Asrij axis suppresses the Toll pathway anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) by regulating ubiquitination of the inhibitor Cactus. The Imd pathway is inversely regulated- while ARF1 suppresses AMPs, Asrij is essential for AMP production. Several immune mutants have reduced Asrij expression, suggesting that Asrij co-ordinates with these pathways to regulate the immune response. Our study highlights the role of endosomal proteins in modulating the immune response by maintaining the balance of AMP production. Similar mechanisms can now be tested in mammalian hematopoiesis and immunity.
Biodegradable Cable-Tie Rapamycin-eluting Stents
Authors: Lee Cheng-Hung , Hsieh Ming-Jer , Chang Shang-Hung , Chiang Chang-Lin , Fan Ching-Lung , Liu Shih-Jung , Chen Wei-Jan , Wang Chao-Jan , Hsu Ming-Yi , Hung Kuo-Chun , Chou Chung-Chuan , Chang Po-Cheng 
Published: March 2017

Abstract“Cable-tie” type biodegradable stents with drug-eluting nanofiber were developed to treat rabbit denuded arteries in this study. Biodegradable stents were fabricated using poly-L-lactide film following being cut and rolled into a cable-tie type stent. Additionally, drug-eluting biodegradable nanofiber tubes were electrospun from a solution containing poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), rapamycin, and hexafluoroisopropanol, and then mounted onto the stents. The fabricated rapamycin-eluting cable-tie stents exhibited excellent mechanical properties on evaluation of compression test and collapse pressure, and less than 8% weight loss following being immersed in phosphate-buffered saline for 16 weeks. Furthermore, the biodegradable stents delivered high rapamycin concentrations for over 4 weeks and achieved substantial reductions in intimal hyperplasia associated with elevated heme oxygenase-1 and calponin level on the denuded rabbit arteries during 6 months of follow-up. The drug-eluting cable-tie type stents developed in this study might have high potential impacts for the local drug delivery to treat various vascular diseases.
Emotional anticipation after delivery – a longitudinal neuroimaging study of the postpartum period
Authors: Gingnell Malin , Toffoletto Simone , Wikström Johan , Engman Jonas , Bannbers Elin , Comasco Erika , Sundström-Poromaa Inger 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNeuroimaging research has begun to unveil the mechanisms behind emotion processing during the postpartum period, which, in turn, may be of relevance for the development of postpartum depression. The present study sought to longitudinally investigate the neural correlates of emotion anticipation during the postpartum period in healthy women. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was employed to measure the blood oxygen level-dependent signal in the brain in response to anticipation of negative emotional stimuli and during processing of images with positive or negative valence. The participating women were scanned twice: the first scan occurred during the first 48 hours after delivery, and the second was performed 4–6 weeks after delivery. The early postpartum period was characterized by higher anterior cingulate cortex reactivity during anticipation of negative emotional stimuli than the late postpartum period. This was accompanied by a negative relationship with insular reactivity during the early postpartum period and a trend towards an increase in insular reactivity in the late postpartum period. Thus, during the first four weeks of the postpartum period, a diminished top-down regulatory feedback on emotion-related areas of the brain was noted. This finding suggests a physiologically important adaptation during the healthy postpartum period.
Big data analyses reveal patterns and drivers of the movements of southern elephant seals
Authors: Rodríguez Jorge P. , Fernández-Gracia Juan , Thums Michele , Hindell Mark A. , Sequeira Ana M. M. , Meekan Mark G. , Costa Daniel P. , Guinet Christophe , Harcourt Robert G. , McMahon Clive R. , Muelbert Monica , Duarte Carlos M. , Eguíluz Víctor M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe growing number of large databases of animal tracking provides an opportunity for analyses of movement patterns at the scales of populations and even species. We used analytical approaches, developed to cope with “big data”, that require no ‘a priori’ assumptions about the behaviour of the target agents, to analyse a pooled tracking dataset of 272 elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) in the Southern Ocean, that was comprised of >500,000 location estimates collected over more than a decade. Our analyses showed that the displacements of these seals were described by a truncated power law distribution across several spatial and temporal scales, with a clear signature of directed movement. This pattern was evident when analysing the aggregated tracks despite a wide diversity of individual trajectories. We also identified marine provinces that described the migratory and foraging habitats of these seals. Our analysis provides evidence for the presence of intrinsic drivers of movement, such as memory, that cannot be detected using common models of movement behaviour. These results highlight the potential for “big data” techniques to provide new insights into movement behaviour when applied to large datasets of animal tracking.
Alleviation of Microglial Activation Induced by p38 MAPK/MK2/PGE2 Axis by Capsaicin: Potential Involvement of other than TRPV1 Mechanism/s
Authors: Bhatia Harsharan S. , Roelofs Nora , Muñoz Eduardo , Fiebich Bernd L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractExaggerated inflammatory responses in microglia represent one of the major risk factors for various central nervous system’s (CNS) associated pathologies. Release of excessive inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and cytokines are the hallmark of hyper-activated microglia. Here we have investigated the hitherto unknown effects of capsaicin (cap) - a transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonist- in murine primary microglia, organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs) and human primary monocytes. Results demonstrate that cap (0.1–25 µM) significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 8-iso-PGF2α, and differentially regulated the levels of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 & IL-1β). Pharmacological blockade (via capsazepine & SB366791) and genetic deficiency of TRPV1 (TRPV1−/−) did not prevent cap-mediated suppression of PGE2 in activated microglia and OHSCs. Inhibition of PGE2 was partially dependent on the reduced levels of PGE2 synthesising enzymes, COX-2 and mPGES-1. To evaluate potential molecular targets, we discovered that cap significantly suppressed the activation of p38 MAPK and MAPKAPK2 (MK2). Altogether, we demonstrate that cap alleviates excessive inflammatory events by targeting the PGE2 pathway in in vitro and ex vivo immune cell models. These findings have broad relevance in understanding and paving new avenues for ongoing TRPV1 based drug therapies in neuroinflammatory-associated diseases.
Mitochondrial DNA copy number augments performance of A1C and oral glucose tolerance testing in the prediction of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Cho Seong Beom , Koh InSong , Nam Hye-Young , Jeon Jae-Pil , Lee Hong Kyu , Han Bok-Ghee 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHere, we tested the performance of the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) in predicting future type 2 diabetes (n = 1108). We used the baseline clinical data (age, sex, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and the mtDNA-CN, hemoglobin A1c (A1C) levels and results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) including fasting plasma glucose, 1-hour glucose, and 2-hour glucose levels, to predict future diabetes. We built a prediction model using the baseline data and the diabetes status at biannual follow-up of 8 years. The mean area under curve (AUC) for all follow-ups of the full model including all variables was 0.92 ± 0.04 (mean ± standard deviation), while that of the model excluding the mtDNA-CN was 0.90 ± 0.03. The sensitivity of the f4ull model was much greater than that of the model not including mtDNA-CN: the mean sensitivities of the model with and without mtDNA-CN were 0.60 ± 0.06 and 0.53 ± 0.04, respectively. We found that the mtDNA-CN of peripheral leukocytes is a biomarker that augments the predictive power for future diabetes of A1C and OGTT. We believe that these results could provide invaluable information for developing strategies for the management of diabetes.
High emission reduction performance of a novel organic-inorganic composite filters containing sepiolite mineral nanofibers
Authors: Wang Fei , Zhang Hui , Liang Jinsheng , Tang Qingguo , Li Yanxia , Shang Zengyao 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this work, a new organic-inorganic composite filter was prepared. The thickness, pore size, air permeability, bursting strength and microstructure were characterized systematically, proving that coatings had regulatory effect on filters physical properties. Benefitting from the distinct coatings containing 5% sepiolite nanofibers after five times dilution, the physical properties of corresponding air filter exhibits the most favorable performance and meet the standard of air filter. When used as fuel filter, it satisfies the fuel filter standard and achieves the best performance after six times dilution. The contrast test on engine emission was taken based on auto filters coated with/without as prepared nanofibers. An obvious decrease in the emission of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) can be observed after installation of composite filter on vehicles. Under the high idle condition, gasoline engine emission decreased by 8.13%, 11.35% and 44.91% for CO, HC and NOx, respectively. When tested in the low idle condition, engine emission reduced by 0.43%, 1.14% and 85.67% for CO, HC and NOx, respectively. The diesel engine emissions of CO, NOx and total amount of HC and NOx decreased by 32.26%, 3.28% and 4.66%, respectively. The results illustrate the composite installation exhibits satisfactory emission reduction effect.