bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Trimethylamine N-Oxide Portends High Mortality Risk Independent of Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Tang W H Wilson , Wang Zeneng , Li Xinmin S , Fan Yiying , Li Daniel S , Wu Yuping , Hazen Stanley L 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Recent studies show a mechanistic link between intestinal microbial metabolism of dietary phosphatidylcholine and coronary artery disease pathogenesis. Concentrations of a proatherogenic gut microbe-generated metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), predict increased incident cardiovascular disease risks in multiple cohorts. TMAO concentrations are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but their prognostic value and relation to glycemic control are unclear.

METHODS
We examined the relationship between fasting TMAO and 2 of its nutrient precursors, choline and betaine, vs 3-year major adverse cardiac events and 5-year mortality in 1216 stable patients with T2DM who underwent elective diagnostic coronary angiography.

RESULTS
TMAO [4.4 μmol/L (interquartile range 2.8–7.7 μmol/L) vs 3.6 (2.3–5.7 μmol/L); P &lt; 0.001] and choline concentrations were higher in individuals with T2DM vs healthy controls. Within T2DM patients, higher plasma TMAO was associated with a significant 3.0-fold increased 3-year major adverse cardiac event risk (P &lt; 0.001) and a 3.6-fold increased 5-year mortality risk (P &lt; 0.001). Following adjustments for traditional risk factors and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, glycohemoglobin, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, increased TMAO concentrations remained predictive of both major adverse cardiac events and mortality risks in T2DM patients [e.g., quartiles 4 vs 1, hazard ratio 2.05 (95% CI, 1.31–3.20), P &lt; 0.001; and 2.07 (95% CI, 1.37–3.14), P &lt; 0.001, respectively].

CONCLUSIONS
Fasting plasma concentrations of the proatherogenic gut microbe-generated metabolite TMAO are higher in diabetic patients and portend higher major adverse cardiac events and mortality risks independent of traditional risk factors, renal function, and relationship to glycemic control.
High-speed optical 3D sensing and its applications
Authors: Watanabe Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This paper reviews high-speed optical 3D sensing technologies for obtaining the 3D shape of a target using a camera. The focusing speed is from 100 to 1000 fps, exceeding normal camera frame rates, which are typically 30 fps. In particular, contactless, active, and real-time systems are introduced. Also, three example applications of this type of sensing technology are introduced, including surface reconstruction from time-sequential depth images, high-speed 3D user interaction, and high-speed digital archiving.
Mutations of simple-minded systems in Calabi–Yau categories generated by a spherical object
Authors: Coelho Simões Raquel 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this article, we give a definition and a classification of ‘higher’ simple-minded systems in triangulated categories generated by spherical objects with negative Calabi–Yau dimension. We also study mutations of this class of objects and that of ‘higher’ Hom-configurations and Riedtmann configurations. This gives an explicit analogue of the ‘nice’ mutation theory exhibited in cluster-tilting theory.
Temperamental basis of sense of humor: Validating the state-trait-cheerfulness-inventory in Mainland China
Authors: Chen Guo‐Hai , Ruch Willibald F. , Yan-Na Li 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper examined the reliability and validity of the State-Trait-Cheerfulness-Inventory (STCI) in Mainland China. The Chinese translation of the STCI-T<106i>, STCI-S<45i> and the Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale (TSWLS) were administered to 476 university students (313 females, 157 males, 6 missing; 20.40 ± 1.35 years of age). Results showed that the STCI-T<106> and the STCI-S<45> had high Cronbach alphas ranging from 0.60 to 0.92 in Mainland China, and the factorial structures of the instruments were supported. The STCI-T<60> and STCI-S<30> were developed utilizing three criteria for the selection of items. Cronbach alphas were satisfactory ranging from 0.67 to 0.94. The factor structure of the items appeared to be highly generalizable in Mainland China. Joint factor analyses of the state and trait items yielded three factors (cheerfulness, seriousness and bad mood) both as traits and states with the homologous concepts positively correlated. As expected, cheerfulness correlated negatively with bad mood, and cheerfulness correlated negatively with state seriousness. Meanwhile, seriousness correlated positively with bad mood. Moreover, life satisfaction was related positively with cheerfulness and negatively with bad mood, and could be predicted by high cheerfulness and low bad mood. Applications of the STCI-T<60> and STCI-S<30> in the Chinese context and future research are discussed.
Getting the mob angry: The satire of Masa Enfurecida as political incorrectness in social networking
Authors: Pérez-Pereiro Marta 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSince Ancient Greece satirists are feared figures in any group articulation. Often protected by anonymity, authors have defied political and social order with a harsh and unpleasant sense of humour, which pushes the limits of political correction. This form based in breaking news and everyday life has a particularly suitable space in new media. Twitter, by means of its promptness and need for concision, could be considered a perfect ground for this kind of humour. Provocation and censorship of political attitudes are the objectives of many twitter accounts whose followers echo by commenting and retweeting. Interactivity allows the production of a text without closure which interweaves a myriad of positions, different from the voice of the satirist. My case study is the Twitter account Masa Enfurecida, which targeted for five years the Spanish political and social everyday life by quoting and reversing public messages. With close to 124.000 followers, @masaenfurecida, an anonymous account, impacts political debate and influences popular communication as some repeated expressions become part of the talk of the day. The tweets of Masa Enfurecida are brief pieces that can be considered a pure form of satire, which is transformed in the chains of answers and retweets of the followers.
Electrogeneration of Active Chlorine in a Filter-Press-Type Reactor Using a New Sb2O5Doped Ti/RuO2-ZrO2Electrode: Indirect Indigoid Dye Oxidation
Authors: Rodríguez Francisca A. , Rivero Eligio P. , González Ignacio 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper presents the study on active chlorine mediated electrochemical oxidation of model solutions that simulate textile effluents containing an indigoid dye (indigo carmine) and sodium chloride (0.05 M) using a new Sb2O5-doped Ti/RuO2-ZrO2electrode. The study was carried out in a filter-press electrochemical reactor specially designed to minimize flow deviations and provide homogeneous mass transfer flux over the electrode surface. Firstly, the mass-transfer-limited chloride oxidation reaction was studied in the absence of dye in order to understand the active chlorine formation process. Changes in pH, chloride concentration and UV-visible absorption spectra during electrolysis reveal the formation of active chlorine (mainly hypochlorite) with current efficiencies for chloride oxidation of 0.558 and 0.503 at 10 and 20 mA cm−2, respectively. Secondly, chloride oxidation was investigated in the presence of indigo carmine dye (0.5 mM) wherein-situgenerated active chlorine was responsible for -C=C- bond breaking and dye degradation. The solution discoloration followed a pseudo-first order kinetics where kinetic coefficient was inversely proportional to dye concentration. The oxidation with active chlorine had an average efficiency of 0.7 and a very competitive energy consumption between 49.2 and 128.5 kW h (kg COD removed)−1depending on current density and flow rate.
A conjugate direction method for linear systems in Banach spaces
Authors: Herzog Roland , Wollner Winnifried 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this article, the well-known conjugate gradient (CG) method for
linear systems in Hilbert spaces is extended to a reflexive Banach
space setting. In this setting, the Riesz isomorphism has to be replaced by the
duality mapping. Due to the nonlinearity of the duality mapping, the short term
recursion and conjugacy of search directions cannot be maintained
simultaneously. The well-posedness of the proposed iteration and its global convergence
are shown under appropriate conditions. Error bounds and stopping criteria are presented as well.
The results extend to a limited-memory variant of the algorithm.
The behavior of the method is demonstrated by numerical examples.
Inverse problems on a graph with loops
Authors: Yang Chuan-Fu , Wang Feng 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A graph with loops, endowed
with standard matching conditions in the internal
vertex and with Dirichlet boundary conditions at the boundary vertices, is considered.
We show that the potential on a graph with loops can be constructed by
the dense nodal points on the interval considered. Moreover, we investigate the so-called
incomplete inverse problems of recovering the potential on a fixed edge from a subset of
nodal points situated only on a part of the edge.
The selected aspects of transport services punctuality measurement rated by the carrier and passengers / Wybrane aspekty pomiaru punktualności przewozów przez przewoźnika i pasażerów
Authors: Bojda Krzysztof , Tubis Agnieszka 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The quality of public transport plays an increasingly important role in overall quality of life assessment in metropolitan areas. The punctuality of departures is classified as one of the primary criteria for passengers, public transport authorities and carriers. The paper presents the problem of measuring the punctuality of services in view of assessing by different participants of the transportation process. The literature references were discussed pointing out the most commonly used measures for punctuality assessment and relevance to travel-time reliability. The analytic tool designed for transport operator was described, which provides detailed analysis based on data registered during the transport services execution. The information support model for the transport system operation process was referred, which utilizes the available archive timetable execution data to provide the optimized routes based on passengers’ query. The importance of reliability assessment was highlighted for the interchanges being performed along the journey.
Preliminary analysis of the availability of the medium firefighting vehicles chassis / Wstępna analiza gotowości podwozi średnich samochodów pożarniczych
Authors: Walczak Agata , Pieniak Daniel , Niewczas Andrzej , Gawroński Wiktor , Wiśniowski Piotr , Gil Leszek 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe paper presents analysis of the availability of medium firefighting and rescue vehicles chassis used by State Fire Brigade in Warsaw. For analysis of availability of vehicles chassis the technical availability factor has been used. Additionally, in the paper time to restore of the vehicles chassis regarding causes of unavailability has been presented. In the tests the data obtained from the Decision Support System (DSS) of Warsaw State Fire Brigade were applied. The research included the period from January 2012 to May 2015. Based on the results, it can be statement that the operating mileage is the crucial factor of operating degradation of firefighting vehicles chassis.
Risk analysis in case of fire on PZL BRYZA using the event tree analysis / Analiza ryzyka w przypadku pożaru samolotu PZL BRYZA z wykorzystaniem metody drzewa zdarzeń
Authors: Papis Mateusz , Matyjewski Marek 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper presents application of the Event Tree Analysis method for analyzing risk in complex situations. A model associated with the occurrence of fire on PZL Bryza was developed using the aircraft flight manual. The probabilities of events caused by the initiating event and the losses caused by each of the highlighted final undesirable events were determined. Statistical data for flight safety was used to calculate probability of the initiating event. The risk was determined as the probability that losses of at least given category will occur during one flight. As a result of the conducted analysis it was found that the probability of in-flight fire is very small. However, in such a case, the probability of death of one or more passengers is relatively high.
Genetic algorithm method for solving the optimal allocation of response resources problem on the example of polish zone of the Baltic Sea / Metoda algorytmów genetycznych do rozwiązywania problemów optymalnej alokacji środków do zwalczania rozlewów olejowych na przykładzie polskiej strefy Morza Bałtyckiego
Authors: Łazuga Kinga , Gucma Lucjan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper presents research related to optimal allocation of response vessels. Research belong to the logistical problem, location-allocation type (LA). Research is focused on vessels belongs to polish Search and Rescue. For the optimal allocation of resources used two-stages method wherein the first stage, using genetic optimization methods and consist in such allocation of response vessels to minimize costs of the spill at sea. In the second stage uses an accurate simulation model of oil spill combat action to verify the solutions obtained by genetic algorithm method.
Comparison of the duo of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1/alpha fetoprotein (Amnioquick duo+®) and traditional clinical assessment for diagnosing premature rupture of fetal membranes
Authors: Eleje George Uchenna , Ezugwu Euzebus Chinonye , Eke Ahizechukwu Chigoziem , Ikechebelu Joseph Ifeanyichukwu , Obiora Chukwudi Celestine , Ojiegbe Nnabuike Okechukwu , Ezebialu Ifeanyichukwu Uzoma , Ezeama Chukwuemeka Okwudili , Nwosu Betrand Obi , Udigwe Gerald Okanandu , Okafor Charles Ikechukwu , Ezugwu Frank Okechukwu 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
To determine the diagnostic accuracy of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1/alpha fetoprotein (Amnioquick duo+®) compared with traditional clinical assessment (TCA) of nitrazine, ferning and pooling for the diagnosis of prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM).

Methods:
A double-blinded, multicenter clinical study was conducted between February 2015 and August 2015 among pregnant women presenting with symptoms or features suggestive of PROM between 24 and 42 weeks gestation. Confirmation of PROM was done after delivery based on the presence of any two of these criteria: delivery within 48 h to 7 days, evidence of chorioamnionitis, membranes explicitly ruptured at delivery and adverse perinatal outcomes strongly correlated with prolonged PROM. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were outcome measures assessed.

Results:
Two hundred and thirty-six women were recruited. Three women were excluded from the final analysis due to lack of follow-up data and failure to meet inclusion criteria. Two hundred and thirty-three women had complete data for analysis. The specificity and sensitivity values for TCA were 76.2% and 85.2%, which were lower than those of Amnioquick duo+, which were 97.6% and 97.9%, respectively. The accuracy of Amnioquick duo+ was statistically higher (97.9% vs. 83.7%; RR=1.17; 95%CI=1.10–1.24; P<0.001). In equivocal cases (pooling=negative), the accuracy of Amnioquick duo+ vs. TCA was 98.4% vs. 69.4% (RR=1.42; 95%CI=1.20–1.68; P<0.001) at ≥34 weeks gestation and 100.0% vs. 71.4% (RR=1.40; 95%CI=1.07–1.83; P=0.021) at <34 weeks gestation.

Conclusion:
The performance matrix of Amnioquick duo+® was superior to that of TCA for diagnosing PROM even in equivocal cases.
Legal Ontology, Scientific Expertise and The Factual World
Authors: Wahlberg Lena 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article analyses the role of scientific information in legal proceedings by exploring the relationship of law, science and the factual world. The article compares legal and scientific ontology, and discusses how they relate to each other. The comparison is used to explain previous controversies between legal and scientific experts. Special consideration is devoted to the legal notion of cause-in-fact, which is discussed at length. The article distinguishes among different meanings of “facticity” in the legal discourse on causation, and discusses the bearing that these meanings have on the legal relevance of scientific information.
The performance of [-2]proPSA and prostate health index tumor markers in prostate cancer diagnosis
Authors: Osredkar Joško , Kumer Kristina , Fabjan Teja , Hlebič Gregor , Podnar Blaže , Lenart Gordan , Smrkolj Tomaž 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background:
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an established tumor marker for the diagnosis of patients with prostate cancer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of [-2]proenzyme PSA ([-2]proPSA) and prostate health index (PHI) tumor markers in the differential diagnosis between benign prostatic diseases and prostate cancer.

Methods:
Total PSA (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA) and [-2]proPSA were measured using antibody-based sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a chemiluminescent detection system in 110 patients, with a tPSA of 1.6–8.0 µg/L. The PHI and %[-2]proPSA were calculated from the PSA values mentioned above. The results were compared with histopathological examination results following a transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate.

Results:
For the prediction of a malignant histopathological result, the specificity at the 90% sensitivity level was 24.3% for [-2]proPSA, 32.4% for %[-2]proPSA, 28.4% for PHI, 18.9% for tPSA and 28.4% for the free-to-total PSA ratio. The area under the curve for [-2]proPSA, %[-2]proPSA, PHI, tPSA and the free-to-total PSA ratio was 0.663, 0.749, 0.742, 0.616 and 0.625, respectively.

Conclusions:
Our study found a moderate improvement over tPSA and %fPSA in detecting prostate cancer using the [-2]proPSA assay in patients with a tPSA range of 1.6–8.0 µg/L.
Von der Professionsethik zur ethischen Selbststeuerung
Authors: Münte Peter 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag behandelt den Ethik-Kodex der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie und des Berufsverbandes Deutscher Soziologinnen und Soziologen. Anhand ausgewählter Textelemente wird gezeigt, inwiefern sich in diesem Kodex die Form professioneller Selbstorganisation mit einem ausgeprägten Steuerungsdenken verbindet. Dieser Befund zieht sowohl für die Professions- als auch die Wissenschaftssoziologie Klärungsbedarf nach sich.
Mono urotropine adducts of some binary zinc xanthates and dithiocarbamates: solid-state molecular structures and supramolecular self-assembly
Authors: Câmpian Marius V. , Azizuddin Aliaa Diyana , Haiduc Ionel , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The molecular structures of [Zn(S2COR)2(hmta)], R=Et (I) and iPr (II), and [Zn(S2CNRR′)2(hmta)], R=R′=Et (III) and R=iPr, R′=CH2CH2OH (IV), feature chelating 1,1-dithiolate ligands and monodentate hmta molecules; hmta=hexamethylenetetramine. The resulting NS4 donor sets are highly distorted, with tendencies towards square pyramidal. Systematic differences in the structures are related to the greater chelating ability of the dithiocarbamate ligands leading to, e.g., elongated Zn–N bond lengths in III and IV. In the molecular packing, an unusual C–H···π(chelate ring) interaction is noted in III, which is correlated with the close to symmetric Zn–S bond lengths formed by the relevant dithiocarbamate ligand and resultant greater metalloaromatic character of the resulting ZnS2C chelate ring, and to the greater distortion of the coordination geometry compared with literature precedents. A three-dimensional architecture found for IV is sustained by hydroxyl-O-H···O, S and N hydrogen bonding.
Strength Training for the Brain: Using Technology to Deliver Mindfulness Training to Improve Strength and Conditioning Performance
Authors: Rist Billymo , Pearce Alan J. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
THIS ARTICLE EXAMINES THE BENEFITS OF USING MINDFULNESS THROUGH TECHNOLOGY TO ENHANCE STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING (SC) TRAINING PERFORMANCE. ALTHOUGH THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MINDFULNESS HAS BEEN DEMONSTRATED IN ATHLETES FROM NOVICE TO COLLEGIATE LEVELS, ATHLETES CONTINUE TO FAIL TO USE MINDFULNESS CITING A RANGE OF ISSUES INCLUDING TIME DEMANDS AND EXPENSE OF PSYCHOLOGISTS. ONE SOLUTION MAY BE THROUGH USING TECHNOLOGY TO EXPLORE SMARTPHONE APPLICATIONS THAT CAN DELIVER MINDFULNESS TRAINING BEFORE AND DURING SC SESSIONS. IT IS PROPOSED THAT THE USE OF SMARTPHONE TECHNOLOGY MAY BRIDGE THE GAP THAT EXISTS IN PAST METHODS OF DELIVERY OF MINDFULNESS INTERVENTIONS. FOR A VIDEO ABSTRACT DESCRIBING THIS ARTICLE, SEE, SUPPLEMENTAL DIGITAL CONTENT 1, (SEE VIDEO, http://links.lww.com/scj/a197).
A clinico-epidemiological study of cutaneous changes in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Maheshwari Chirag , Kumar Ajay , Gupta Sanjeev 
Published: November 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a major public health problem in South Asia. This is attributable to the increase in prevalence of co-morbidities particularly hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Cutaneous manifestations are observed throughout the course of the disease and serve as markers of the disease and its progression. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical in halting the progression of the disease. The objective was to study the prevalence of co-morbidities as well as cutaneous changes in patients with CKD from a rural or semi-urban background in a tertiary care hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 patients with CKD aged 18 years or above detected and managed at a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India were included in the study.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 78 years. 35 patients (70%) had a rural background while 15 patients (30%) had a semi-urban background. 37 patients (74%) had co-morbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus or both. 17 patients (34%) were on conservative management while 33 patients (66%) were undergoing haemodialysis. Skin changes included nephrogenic pruritus in 30 patients (60%), xerosis in 25 patients (50%), cutaneous infections and infestations in 25 patients (50%), pallor in 22 patients (44%), acquired perforating disorders in 6 patients (12%), purpura in 5 patients (10%), hyperpigmentation in 4 patients (8%) and yellow skin in 1 patient (2%). Hair changes were observed in 20 patients (40%), nail changes in 24 patients (48%) and mucosal changes in 20 patients (40%). None of the patients were found to have bullous dermatoses, calcific uraemic arteriolopathy or nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. 4 patients (8%) included in the study initially reported to dermatology OPD with a specific dermatosis and were detected to have CKD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The prevalence of co-morbidities including hypertension and diabetes associated with CKD may be lower in rural and semi-urban populations. Nephrogenic pruritus is the most distressing change which impairs the quality of life in these patients. Cutaneous changes may help in early detection and treatment of CKD. </p>