bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsiveness Comparison of the EQ-5D, PROMIS Global Health, and VR-12 Questionnaires in Knee Arthroscopy
Authors: Oak Sameer R. , Strnad Gregory J. , Bena James , Farrow Lutul D. , Parker Richard D. , Jones Morgan H. , Spindler Kurt P. 
Published: January 2017

Background: The EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) 10 Global Health, and Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) are generic patient-reported outcome (PRO) questionnaires that assess a patient’s general health. In choosing a PRO to track general health status, it is necessary to consider which measure will be the most responsive to change after treatment. To date, no studies exist comparing responsiveness among the EQ-5D, PROMIS 10 Global Health, and the Veterans Rand 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12). Purpose: To determine which of the generic PROs are most responsive internally and externally in the setting of knee arthroscopy. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Fifty patients who underwent knee arthroscopy were surveyed preoperatively and a mean 3.6 months postoperatively, with 90% follow-up. PROs included the EQ-5D, EQ-5D visual analog scale, PROMIS 10 Global Health (PROMIS 10) physical and mental components, VR-12 physical and mental components, and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)–pain subscale. Internal responsiveness was evaluated by performing paired t tests on the changes in measures and calculating 2 measures of effect size: Cohen d and standardized response mean (SRM). External responsiveness was evaluated by comparing Pearson correlation measures between the disease-specific reference KOOS-pain and generic PROs. Results: For internal responsiveness, 3 PROs showed a statistically significant improvement in score after treatment (EQ-5D: +0.10 [95% CI, 0.06-0.15], VR-12 physical: +7.2 [95% CI, 4.0-10.4]), and PROMIS 10 physical: +4.4 [95% CI, 2.6-6.3]) and effect size statistics with moderate change (Cohen d and SRM, 0.5-0.8). Assessing external responsiveness, a high correlation with the disease-specific reference (KOOS-pain score) was found for EQ-5D (0.65), VR-12 physical (0.57), and PROMIS 10 physical (0.77). For both internal and external responsiveness, the EQ-5D, VR-12 physical, and PROMIS 10 physical showed significantly greater responsiveness compared with the other general PRO measures but no statistical differences among themselves. Conclusion: There is no statistical difference in internal or external responsiveness to change among the EQ-5D, VR-12 physical, and PROMIS 10 physical instruments. In tracking longitudinal patient health, researchers and administrators have the flexibility to choose any of the general PROs among the EQ-5D, VR-12 physical, and PROMIS 10 physical. We recommend that any study tracking PROs in knee arthroscopy include 1 of these generic instruments.
Analysis of Platelet-Rich Plasma Extraction
Authors: Fitzpatrick Jane , Bulsara Max K. , McCrory Paul Robert , Richardson Martin D. , Zheng Ming Hao 
Published: January 2017

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been extensively used as a treatment in tissue healing in tendinopathy, muscle injury, and osteoarthritis. However, there is variation in methods of extraction, and this produces different types of PRP. Purpose: To determine the composition of PRP obtained from 4 commercial separation kits, which would allow assessment of current classification systems used in cross-study comparisons. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Three normal adults each donated 181 mL of whole blood, some of which served as a control and the remainder of which was processed through 4 PRP separation kits: GPS III (Biomet Biologics), Smart-Prep2 (Harvest Terumo), Magellan (Arteriocyte Medical Systems), and ACP (Device Technologies). The resultant PRP was tested for platelet count, red blood cell count, and white blood cell count, including differential in a commercial pathology laboratory. Glucose and pH measurements were obtained from a blood gas autoanalyzer machine. Results: Three kits taking samples from the “buffy coat layer” were found to have greater concentrations of platelets (3-6 times baseline), while 1 kit taking samples from plasma was found to have platelet concentrations of only 1.5 times baseline. The same 3 kits produced an increased concentration of white blood cells (3-6 times baseline); these consisted of neutrophils, leukocytes, and monocytes. This represents high concentrations of platelets and white blood cells. A small drop in pH was thought to relate to the citrate used in the sample preparation. Interestingly, an unexpected increase in glucose concentrations, with 3 to 6 times greater than baseline levels, was found in all samples. Conclusion: This study reveals the variation of blood components, including platelets, red blood cells, leukocytes, pH, and glucose in PRP extractions. The high concentrations of cells are important, as the white blood cell count in PRP samples has frequently been ignored, being considered insignificant. The lack of standardization of PRP preparation for clinical use has contributed at least in part to the varying clinical efficacy in PRP use. Clinical Relevance: The variation of platelet and other blood component concentrations between commercial PRP kits may affect clinical treatment outcomes. There is a need for standardization of PRP for clinical use.
Why Do Authors Differ With Regard to the Femoral and Meniscal Anatomic Parameters of the Knee Anterolateral Ligament?
Authors: Helito Camilo Partezani , do Amaral Carlos , Nakamichi Yuri da Cunha , Gobbi Riccardo Gomes , Bonadio Marcelo Batista , Natalino Renato José Mendonça , Pécora José Ricardo , Cardoso Tulio Pereira , Camanho Gilberto Luis , Demange Marco Kawamura 
Published: January 2017

Background: No consensus exists regarding the anatomic characteristics of the knee anterolateral ligament (ALL). A critical analysis of the dissections described in previous studies allows the division of the ALL into 2 groups with similar characteristics. The presence of considerable variability suggests that the authors may not be referring to the same structure. Purpose/Hypothesis: To perform a lateral anatomic dissection, by layers, seeking to characterize the 2 variants described for the ALL on the same knee. We hypothesized that we would identify the 2 variants described for the ALL and that these variants would have distinct characteristics. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Thirteen unpaired cadaveric knees were used in this study. The dissection protocol followed the parameters described in previous studies. Immediately below the iliotibial tract, we isolated a structure designated as the superficial ALL, whereas between this structure and the articular capsule, we isolated a structure designated as the deep ALL. The 2 structures were measured for length at full extension and at 90° of flexion and for distance from the tibial insertion relative to the Gerdy tubercle. Potential contact with the lateral meniscus was also evaluated. After measurements were obtained, the 2 dissected structures underwent histologic analysis. Results: The superficial ALL presented a posterior and proximal origin to the center of the lateral epicondyle, its length increased on knee extension, and it exhibited no contact with the lateral meniscus. The deep ALL was located in the center of the lateral epicondyle, its length increased on knee flexion, and it presented a meniscal insertion. Both structures had a similar tibial insertion site; however, the insertion site of the deep ALL was located more posteriorly. The analysis of the histological sections for both structures indicated the presence of dense and well-organized collagen fibers. Conclusion: This anatomic study clearly identified 2 structures, described as the superficial and deep ALL, which were consistent with previous but conflicting descriptions of the ALL. Clinical Relevance: This study clarifies numerous controversies encountered in anatomic studies of the ALL. Knowledge regarding the existence of 2 distinct structures in the anterolateral knee will allow more accurate evaluation of their functions and characteristics.
Utilization of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Musculoskeletal Injuries
Authors: Zhang Joanne Y. , Fabricant Peter D. , Ishmael Chad R. , Wang Jeffrey C. , Petrigliano Frank A. , Jones Kristofer J. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a popular biologic treatment for musculoskeletal injuries and conditions. Despite numerous investigations on the efficacy of PRP therapy, current utilization of this treatment within the United States is not widely known. Purpose: To investigate the national utilization of PRP, including the incidence and conditions for which it is used in the clinical setting, and to determine the current charges associated with this treatment. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Using a national database (PearlDiver) of private insurance billing records, we conducted a comprehensive search using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes to identify patients who received PRP injections over a 2-year period (2010-2011). Associated International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) codes were identified to determine the specific conditions the injection was used to treat. The aggregate patient data were analyzed by yearly quarter, practice setting, geographic region, and demographics. PRP therapy charges were calculated and reported as per-patient average charges (PPACs). Results: A total of 2571 patients who received PRP injections were identified; 51% were male and 75% were older than 35 years. The overall incidence ranged from 5.9 to 7.9 per 1000 patients over the study period. PRP was most commonly administered in hospitals (39%) and ambulatory surgical centers (37%) compared with in private offices (26%). The most common conditions treated were knee meniscus/plica disorders, followed by unspecified shoulder conditions, rotator cuff injuries, epicondylitis, and plantar fasciitis. Further evaluation revealed that 25% of all patients received injections for cartilage-related conditions, 25% meniscus, 25% unspecified, 12% tendon, 8% glenoid labrum, and 5% ligament. The PPAC for PRP treatment was US$1755 per injection. Conclusion: Despite a lack of consensus regarding PRP indications and efficacy, we observed widespread application of this treatment for a myriad of musculoskeletal injuries. Most treated patients were older than 35 years, and the most commonly treated conditions included cartilage and meniscus disorders. Given the current controversy surrounding this treatment, further studies are necessary to guide clinicians on the value of this therapy for each clinical diagnosis.
Surgeon-Directed Cost Variation in Isolated Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Terhune E. Bailey , Cannamela Peter C. , Johnson Jared S. , Saad Charles D. , Barnes John , Silbernagel Janette , Faciszewski Thomas , Shea Kevin G. 
Published: January 2017

Background: As value becomes a larger component of heath care decision making, cost data can be evaluated for regional and physician variation. Value is determined by outcome divided by cost, and reducing cost increases value for patients. “Third-party spend” items are individual selections by surgeons used to perform procedures. Cost data for third-party spend items provide surgeons and hospitals with important information regarding care value, potential cost-saving opportunities, and the total cost of ownership of specific clinical decisions. Purpose: To perform a cost review of isolated rotator cuff repair within a regional 7-hospital system and to document procedure cost variation among operating surgeons. Study Design: Economic and decision analysis; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were used to retrospectively identify subjects who received an isolated rotator cuff repair within a 7-hospital system. Cost data were collected for clinically sensitive third-party spend items and divided into 4 cost groups: (1) suture anchors, (2) suture-passing devices and needles, (3) sutures used for cuff repair, and (4) disposable tools or instruments. Results: A total of 62 isolated rotator cuff repairs were performed by 17 surgeons over a 13-month period. The total cost per case for clinically sensitive third-party spend items (in 2015 US dollars) ranged from $293 to $3752 (mean, $1826). Four surgeons had a mean procedure cost that was higher than the data set mean procedure cost. The cost of an individual suture anchor ranged from $75 to $1775 (mean, $403). One disposable suture passer was used, which cost $140. The cost of passing needles ranged from $140 to $995 (mean, $468). The cost per repair suture (used to repair cuff tears) varied from $18 to $298 (mean, $61). The mean suture (used to close wounds) cost per case was $81 (range, $0-$454). A total of 316 tools or disposable instruments were used, costing $1 to $1573 per case (mean, $624). Conclusion: This study demonstrates significant cost variation with respect to cost per case and cost of individual items used during isolated rotator cuff repair. Suture anchors represent the most expensive and variable surgeon-directed cost. The wide cost variation seen in all cost categories illustrates both the effect of surgeon choice in procedure cost and the opportunity for significant cost savings in cases of isolated rotator cuff repair. Engaging surgeons in discussion on cost can positively influence the value of care provided to patients if costs can be reduced without affecting the quality of patient outcomes.
Research Productivity of Sports Medicine Fellowship Faculty
Authors: Cvetanovich Gregory L. , Saltzman Bryan M. , Chalmers Peter N. , Frank Rachel M. , Cole Brian J. , Bach Bernard R. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Research productivity is considered an important factor in academic advancement in sports medicine. No study to date has evaluated academic productivity and correlates of academic rank for sports medicine fellowship faculty. Purpose: To describe the academic productivity of American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) fellowship program faculty and to determine the association between academic productivity, fellowship characteristics, and academic rank. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Characteristics of orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship programs were obtained from the AOSSM and program websites. Metrics of academic productivity (Hirsch index [ h index], I-10 index, publications, citations, and number of publications in several journals) were obtained from Scopus. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine whether academic productivity differs with fellowship attributes and academic rank. Results: A total of 90 AOSSM sports medicine fellowship programs with 610 associated faculty members were identified. Faculty were predominantly male (94%), at academic medical centers (74%), members of AOSSM (71%), and sports medicine–fellowship trained (84%). Faculty had a median of 18 (range, 0-684) publications overall, including a median of 3 (range, 0-161) publications since 2012. All measures of academic productivity were significantly higher among faculty employed at academic medical centers compared with those not employed at academic centers ( P < .05 in all cases). On multivariate ordinal regression analysis, the best correlates of higher academic rank were higher cumulative h index (1.22; P < .001) and longer time in practice since fellowship (1.14; P < .001), which predicted 63.8% of the variance in academic rank. Fellowships with a larger number of fellows had more publications and citations per faculty member, higher faculty cumulative h index, and more publications in the American Journal of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy per faculty member ( P < .017). Regional differences were present, with the Northeast fellowship faculty the most productive, followed by the Midwest. Conclusion: Higher cumulative h index and more years in practice were the best correlates of higher academic rank among AOSSM sports medicine fellowship faculty. Research productivity was higher among faculty employed at academic centers in the Northeast and Midwest regions and at programs with a larger number of fellows.
Management of adults with T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Marks David I. , Rowntree Clare 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare disease in adults with inferior survival outcomes compared with those seen in pediatric patients. Although potentially curable with ∼50% survival at 5 years, adult patients with relapsed disease have dismal outcomes with <10% of patients surviving long term. This review will discuss the diagnosis and management of adult patients with newly diagnosed T-cell ALL with an emphasis on the immunophenotypic and genetic analyses required to assign prognosis, risk stratify, and guide post-remission therapy. The evidence for the main components of complex T-cell ALL treatment regimens is described. The importance of monitoring minimal residual disease is emphasized, with a discussion of the different methods used. The results of hematopoietic cell transplantation are analyzed, and recommendations made about which patients should be considered for this intervention. The treatment of the adolescent and young adult group is delineated, and the role of using “pediatric-inspired” regimens in older adults considered. We also describe the current data and potential future options for the use of novel therapies, including nelarabine and γ-secretase inhibitors, in adult patients with T-cell ALL.
On-site monitoring of the performance of innovative treatments for marble conservation in architectural heritage
Authors: Gherardi Francesca , Gulotta Davide , Goidanich Sara , Colombo Annalisa , Toniolo Lucia 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Innovative nanostructured treatments for stone conservation, based on dispersions of photoactive TiO2 nanoparticles, recently studied in our research group, provided interesting results after laboratory testing. Unfortunately, it is almost impossible to accurately reproduce in the lab the complexity of field exposure conditions. It is then of crucial importance to evaluate the behaviour and durability of new treatments in situ, once they are applied to real deteriorated surfaces of the architectural heritage exposed in outdoor. In the present research, the effectiveness of a TEOS-nano-TiO2 treatment and of two nanocomposites based on nano-TiO2 dispersion in organosiloxane and functionalized SiO2 for the protection of two specific marbles—Candoglia and Crevoladossola—has been evaluated on-site. The effect of the introduction of innovative titania nanoparticles in selected commercial products has been examined focusing on compatibility and protection efficacy in real exposure condition. An on-site testing protocol has been defined and carried out for 12 months after the application, considering colour and morphology changes and water absorption by capillarity. The nano-TiO2 addition does not hinder the performance of the protective treatments while it provides a positive contribution in soiling reduction. The results will be implemented in the operative framework of the ongoing conservation project of the considered historical façade.
An assessment of moisture induced damage in Blickling Hall in Norfolk, England, via environmental monitoring
Authors: Aktas Yasemin Didem , D’Ayala Dina , Blades Nigel , Calnan Christopher 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
In the last few decades, extreme weather events mostly characterized by more intense and frequent precipitation and wind incidents have risen, and current climatic projections strongly suggest that this trend will keep its pace in the future. These climatic conditions pose additional hygrothermal loading onto the built environment, which may lead to moisture induced deterioration and even strength reduction in masonry. Despite their already long service lives, this impact may in time become problematic for historic buildings, which, by nature of their design and construction, interact with moisture and climate to a far greater degree than modern buildings. The PARNASSUS project was set up with the aim of identifying and quantifying the impact of environment on historic buildings in the face of a changing climate. As part of this project, an extensive environmental monitoring campaign was carried out between 2012 and 2014 at Blicking Hall, a National Trust property in Norfolk, England, with the aim of providing further insight into the building’s overall performance under hygrothermal loading. Environmental monitoring work targeted not only indoor and outdoor conditions, but provided information about the temperature and relative humidity profiles across the walls by means of in-wall probes. Wind and rain gauges helped quantify other environmental parameters. This paper presents the findings from this environmental monitoring work, with specific emphasis on the basement suffering from sustained saturation in vapour phase and resulting biological growth, as well as the Long Gallery, where Blickling’s valuable library is kept.
Detecting gas leakage using high-frequency signals generated by air-gun arrays
Authors: Landrø Martin , Hansteen Fredrik , Amundsen Lasse 
Published: January 2017

Recent field experiments have demonstrated that marine air-gun arrays create acoustic energy greater than 1 kHz. We have suggested to use the high-frequency signal as a source to look for gas leakage at, for instance, a producing hydrocarbon field, or a [Formula: see text] storage site in which the field is covered by permanent acoustic sensors at the seabed, often referred to as a permanent reservoir monitoring field. The only needed modification is that the temporal sampling interval for the receivers is decreased to 0.1 ms (in contrast to the normal sampling interval of 1 or 2 ms), to ensure that the system is capable of recording signals up to 5 kHz. We suggest using numerous fixed receivers at the seabed to detect a gas chimney by simple high-pass filtering and subsequent transmission type analysis of the recorded signals. We think this method might serve as an elegant, precise, and very cost-effective way to detect gas leakage into the water layer.
Vinculin promotes nuclear localization of TAZ to inhibit ECM stiffness-dependent differentiation into adipocytes
Authors: Kuroda Mito , Wada Hiroki , Kimura Yasuhisa , Ueda Kazumitsu , Kioka Noriyuki 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness regulates the lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Although cells sense ECM stiffness through focal adhesions, how cells sense ECM stiffness and regulate ECM stiffness-dependent differentiation remains largely unclear. In this study, we show that the cytoskeletal focal adhesion protein vinculin plays a critical role in the ECM stiffness-dependent adipocyte differentiation of MSCs. ST2 mouse MSCs differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts in an ECM stiffness-dependent manner. We find that a rigid ECM increases the amount of cytoskeleton-associated vinculin and promotes the nuclear localization and activity of the transcriptional coactivator paralogs Yes-associated protein (YAP, also known as YAP1) and transcriptional coactivator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ, also known as WWTR1) (hereafter YAP/TAZ). Vinculin is necessary for enhanced nuclear localization and activity of YAP/TAZ on the rigid ECM but it does not affect the phosphorylation of the YAP/TAZ kinase LATS1. Furthermore, vinculin depletion promotes differentiation into adipocytes on rigid ECM, while it inhibits differentiation into osteoblasts. Finally, TAZ knockdown was less effective at promoting adipocyte differentiation in vinculin-depleted cells than in control cells. These results suggest that vinculin promotes the nuclear localization of transcription factor TAZ to inhibit the adipocyte differentiation on rigid ECM.