bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How MNC’s subsidiaries may improve their innovative performance? The role of external sources and knowledge management capabilities
Authors: Ferraris Alberto , Santoro Gabriele , Dezi Luca 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper aims at exploring the effect of knowledge management (KM) practices on the relationship between external research and development (R&D) and innovative performance. The authors argue that the firms which develop and possess superior KM capabilities have the ability to better manage external knowledge and combine it with the internal one.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used a sample of 117 European MNC subsidiaries. An OLS regression analysis was carried out to evaluate the moderator effect of KM on the relationship between external R&D and innovative performance.

Findings
The authors found positive evidences in favor of a moderator effect of KM. This means that subsidiaries with superior KM capabilities are more effective in using external R&D, augmenting the magnitude of their external sources of knowledge and, consequently, improving their innovative performance.

Practical implications
Managerially speaking, both corporate and subsidiaries’ managers need to understand the relevance of managing knowledge effectively and efficiently at the subsidiary level. Corporate managers need to allocate more resources (both financial and managerial) to the subsidiaries that are active in knowledge transfer and sharing, while subsidiaries managers need to implement practically the KM tools and processes at the subsidiary organizational level to improve subsidiary’s innovative performance.

Originality/value
This paper contributes mainly to the KM field, highlighting the importance of KM at the subsidiary level, whereas most of previous studies focus on different units of analysis.
Leading into strategic growth: building capability at Global Suppliers
Authors: Hysmith Dara 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The Global Suppliers leadership capability model (GSLCM) answers essential questions emerging from a strategy development framework in which leaders uncover their assumptions, test those assumptions in the marketplace, and learn from failure and success in an iterative cycle. The purpose of this paper is to explore Global Suppliers’s approach to implementing the GSLCM and examine how its leaders have adopted and applied the model.

Design/methodology/approach
The primary method of data collection in this single, descriptive case research design was interviews with leaders across Global Suppliers.

Findings
Results revealed adoption occurred through extensive sensemaking and several methods of knowledge transfer, including storytelling and teaching assignments. Manner of application varied under three themes: development of the self and others, performance management, and creating new paths. Three recommendations to promote further adoption and application emerged: align rewards and recognition, share stories across the enterprise, and embed processes and systems.

Research limitations/implications
This study was broadly intended to discern the processes and activities occurring as leaders became exposed to, explored, and integrated the GSLCM, data that was of immediate, practical significance to Global Suppliers in fueling its strategic reorientation. With this focus, treatment of the literature and extant theory was abbreviated. Further, as a single case study research design, generalizability was restricted.

Originality/value
Results provide a compelling, intimate portrait of a worldwide organizational effort to synergize leadership and strategic growth capabilities using a chiefly emergent approach. This illustration thus makes a unique contribution to the leadership development, organization development, and change management literature streams.
Does intellectual capital efficiency improve firm performance in BRICS economies? A dynamic panel estimation
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Gan Christopher , Nguyen Cuong 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The aim of the current study is to measure the dynamic relationship between intellectual capital (IC) and firm performance in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) economies.

Design/methodology/approach
The current study applies dynamic panel system generalized method of moments estimator to investigate the dynamic relationship between IC and firm performance of 6,045 publically listed firms in BRICS economies for the period of 2005-2014.

Findings
The results revealed that IC efficiency is significantly associated with return on assets and return on equity. Furthermore, human, structural and physical capitals have a positive and significant impact on firm performance. The results, while endorsing resource-based, resource-dependency and learning organization theories, emphasize the importance of IC for firm performance.

Practical implications
The current study does not only provides new direction for future research to analyze dynamic nature of IC and firm performance relationship but also emphasizes the importance of intangibles because of their contribution toward value added. The current study does provide cross-country comparison of top five emerging economies which is useful for the policy makers to evaluate investments in intangibles.

Originality/value
The current study is the first study to use dynamic ordinary least square (OLS) and Wooldridge strict exogeneity test to test the dynamic nature of the relationship between IC and firm performance. Moreover, unlike previous studies which ignore South Africa, this study covers all BRICS economies.
Influence of rohu (Labeo rohita) deboning by-product on composition, physical properties and sensorial acceptability of rohu cutlets
Authors: Surasani Vijay Kumar Reddy 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of the study was to utilize rohu deboning by-product to develop edible cutlets and to study its effects on quality and acceptability.

Design/methodology/approach
Fish cutlets were prepared with varying mince and by-product ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 per cent) and the effect of by-product inclusion on composition, cooking characteristics, texture and acceptability were studied.

Findings
Cutlets from control group had highest values for protein, fat, diameter reduction, fat retention and height increase (29.9, 14.9, 7.6, 78.3 and 31.9 per cent) compared to other lots. Highest values for cooking yield (p > 0.01), lightness and whiteness were (92.7, 35.4 and 31.2 per cent) found in cutlets from 100 per cent BP lot. Hardness and shear force increased with by-product content (p < 0.01) being maximum in cutlets from 100 per cent BP lot. Though all the cutlets were acceptable, low sensory scores were recorded for 75 BP and 100 per cent BP lots (p > 0.01). By-products can be incorporated up to 50 per cent into fish cutlets without negatively affecting the eating quality.

Research limitations/implications
Amount of by-product to be added was the limitation during the work. More by-product content in the cutlets resulted in low-palatability. Total calcium content in the cutlets need to be checked as calcium content per serving should not be above the regulations.

Practical/implications
In general, nutritionally rich fish deboning by-product is used for cattle feeding or discarded into dumping grounds causing pollution, nutritional, as well as economic loss to the farmers. The findings of this study will be helpful to develop nutritionally rich and edible food products from this deboning by-product. Incorporation of by-product into cutlets will allow the farmers to sell their products at lower prices without compromising the profits, which will improve the marketing as well as consumption.

Social/implications
Utilization of fish deboning by-product to develop edible cutlets helps in reducing the operational costs, pollution and efficient utilization of process by-products.

Originality/value
The work is completely original in nature. The results reported are unique and the outcome of the research has social applicability.
On Indeterminacy and Growth under Progressive Taxation and Utility‐Generating Government Spending
Authors: Chen Shu‐Hua , Guo Jang‐Ting 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe examine the theoretical interrelations between progressive income taxation and macroeconomic (in)stability in an otherwise standard one‐sector AK model of endogenous growth with utility‐generating government purchases of goods and services. In sharp contrast to traditional Keynesian‐type stabilization policies, progressive taxation operates like an automatic destabilizer that generates equilibrium indeterminacy and belief‐driven fluctuations in our endogenously growing macroeconomy. Unlike the no‐sustained‐growth counterpart, this instability result is obtained regardless of (i) the degree of the public‐spending preference externality and (ii) whether private and public consumption expenditures are substitutes, complements or additively separable in the household's utility function.
Does tea consumption during early pregnancy have an adverse effect on birth outcomes?
Authors: Lu Jin‐Hua , He Jian‐Rong , Shen Song‐Ying , Wei Xue‐Ling , Chen Nian‐Nian , Yuan Ming‐Yang , Qiu Lan , Li Wei‐Dong , Chen Qiao‐Zhu , Hu Cui‐Yue , Xia Hui‐Min , Bartington Suzanne , Cheng Kar Keung , Lam Kin Bong Hubert , Qiu Xiu ,   the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study Group
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundTea, a common beverage, has been suggested to exhibit a number of health benefits. However, one of its active ingredients, caffeine, has been associated with preterm birth and low birthweight. We investigated whether tea consumption during early pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and abnormal fetal growth.MethodsA total of 8775 pregnant women were included from the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study. Tea consumption (type, frequency, and strength) during their first trimester and social and demographic factors were obtained by way of questionnaires administered during pregnancy. Information on birth outcomes and complications during pregnancy was obtained from hospital medical records.ResultsOverall habitual tea drinking (≥1 serving/week) prevalence among pregnant women was low, at 16%. After adjustment for potential confounding factors (eg, maternal age, educational level, monthly income) tea drinking during early pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk of preterm birth or abnormal fetal growth (small or large for gestational age) (P>.05).ConclusionsWe did not identify a consistent association between frequency of tea consumption or tea strength and adverse birth outcomes among Chinese pregnant women with low tea consumption. Our findings suggest that occasional tea drinking during pregnancy is not associated with increased risk of preterm birth or abnormal fetal growth. Given the high overall number of annual births in China, our findings have important public health significance.
Labor induction and cesarean delivery: A prospective cohort study of first births in Pennsylvania, USA
Authors: Kjerulff Kristen H. , Attanasio Laura B. , Edmonds Joyce K. , Kozhimannil Katy B. , Repke John T. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundMode of delivery at first childbirth largely determines mode of delivery at subsequent births, so it is particularly important to understand risk factors for cesarean delivery at first childbirth. In this study, we investigated risk factors for cesarean delivery among nulliparous women, with focus on the association between labor induction and cesarean delivery.MethodsA prospective cohort study of 2851 nulliparous women with singleton pregnancies who attempted vaginal delivery at hospitals in Pennsylvania, 2009‐2011, was conducted. We used nested logistic regression models and multiple mediational analyses to investigate the role of three groups of variables in explaining the association between labor induction and unplanned cesarean delivery—the confounders of maternal characteristics and indications for induction, and the mediating (intrapartum) factors—including cervical dilatation, labor augmentation, epidural analgesia, dysfunctional labor, dystocia, fetal intolerance of labor, and maternal request of cesarean during labor.ResultsMore than a third of the women were induced (34.3%) and 24.8% underwent cesarean delivery. Induced women were more likely to deliver by cesarean (35.9%) than women in spontaneous labor (18.9%), unadjusted OR 2.35 (95% CI 1.97‐2.79). The intrapartum factors significantly mediated the association between labor induction and cesarean delivery (explaining 76.7% of this association), particularly cervical dilatation <3 cm at hospital admission, fetal intolerance of labor, and dystocia. The indications for labor induction only explained 6.2%.ConclusionsIncreased risk of cesarean delivery after labor induction among nulliparous women is attributable mainly to lower cervical dilatation at hospital admission and higher rates of labor complications.
Specific language impairment is associated with maternal and family factors
Authors: Diepeveen F. B. , van Dommelen P. , Oudesluys‐Murphy A. M. , Verkerk P. H. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to identify risk factors associated with specific language impairment (SLI).MethodsIn a nested case–control design, 253 children attending special needs schools for severe speech and language difficulties in the Netherlands were matched for sex and date of birth with 253 children attending mainstream education. Data on perinatal, maternal and family issues were retrieved from well‐child care files registered shortly after birth.ResultsChildren with SLI had younger mothers than children in the control group (mean 30 years 9 months vs. mean 31 years 9 months) (P = 0.02). Children with SLI were less frequently breastfed directly after birth (55% vs. 71%) (P = 0.0007) and were less frequently firstborns (33.3% vs. 46.2%) (P = 0.002). No statistically significant differences were found for any of the other risk factors.ConclusionsA relationship was found between SLI and maternal age, being breastfed and place in the birth order. Perinatal risk factors do not seem to be strongly associated with SLI.
Infectious complications in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: A review of the literature with emphasis on patients treated with 5‐azacitidine
Authors: Radsak Markus , Platzbecker Uwe , Schmidt Cornelia S. , Hofmann Wolf‐Karsten , Nolte Florian 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMyelodysplastic Syndromes are oligo‐clonal stem cell disorders that are associated with cytopenias in the peripheral blood. Major causes for morbidity and mortality in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients are infections mostly due to bacteria or fungi. Beside leucopenia per se in affected patients, function of white blood cells particularly that of neutrophils seems to be impaired. Here we summarize the available data on infections in MDS patients in general and particularly those treated with 5‐azacitidine.
Retrospective evaluation of venous thromboembolism: Are all transient provoking events the same?
Authors: Chua Chong Chyn , Lim Hui Yin , Tacey Mark , Nandurkar Harshal , Ho Prahlad 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesVenous thromboembolism (VTE) provoked by transient risk factors has traditionally been classified as a single entity with lower risk of recurrence. We evaluated the association between different categories of transient provoking factors and the relative risk of recurrence.MethodsRetrospective evaluation of VTE events in non‐cancer patients from July 2011 to December 2012 at two tertiary institutions in Australia with a minimum follow‐up of 24 months.ResultsA total of 747 VTE cases were identified, and following exclusion of cases with mortality within 30 days of presentation (n=26), unprovoked cases (40.2%) had a higher risk of recurrence (4.6 vs 2.3/100 event‐years, P=.01). Provoking factors included surgery (40.4%), injury (16.7%), medical‐related factors including non‐surgical hospitalisation or active infection (22.0%), travel (13.2%) and oestrogen related (6.5%). Air travel had the highest recurrence rate of 5.9/100 event‐years, comparable to unprovoked VTE. VTE provoked by surgery showed lower recurrence rate at 1.8/100 event‐years (P=.03). 62.5% of patients with provoked VTE recurred with an unprovoked event.ConclusionTransient provoking factors for VTE are heterogeneous with varying potency and should not be considered a single entity. The high recurrence rate after travel‐provoked VTE suggests that it is a “minor,” if not negligible provoking factor with higher thrombotic predisposition.
Multiple Paternity Benefits Female Marbled Salamanders by Increasing Survival of Progeny to Metamorphosis
Authors: Croshaw Dean A. , Pechmann Joseph H. K. , Glenn Travis C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMultiple paternity occurs in most species and animal groups that have been studied. Because mating involves fitness costs to individual females, theory predicts that polyandrous females gain greater fitness benefits than costs, allowing the behavior to be maintained. Genetic, rather than material, benefits often occur in species where males provide females with little more than sperm and seminal fluid. We compared fitness correlates of single‐ and double‐sire clutches from female marbled salamanders (Ambystoma opacum) at the egg, hatchling, and metamorph stages of offspring development. Because clutches were collected from experimental breeding groups, strict paternity exclusion of offspring using microsatellite data allowed us to categorize each clutch as having either one or two fathers. Early offspring viability and size of hatchlings were not different between single‐ and multiple‐paternity clutches. Larvae from the two clutch types were allowed to develop together in field enclosures until metamorphosis. Although there was no difference in size at metamorphosis, survival to metamorphosis was significantly higher in multiple‐paternity clutches (44% vs. 40%) suggesting a benefit for females. The results were consistent with genetic benefits, although maternal effects could not be ruled out. The data did not support predictions of the genetic bet‐hedging and good sperm hypotheses for genetic benefits of polyandry.
Sensitivity of community‐level trait–environment relationships to data representativeness: A test for functional biogeography
Authors: Borgy Benjamin , Violle Cyrille , Choler Philippe , Garnier Eric , Kattge Jens , Loranger Jessy , Amiaud Bernard , Cellier Pierre , Debarros Guilhem , Denelle Pierre , Diquelou Sylvain , Gachet Sophie , Jolivet Claudy , Lavorel Sandra , Lemauviel‐Lavenant Servane , Mikolajczak Alexis , Munoz François , Olivier Jean , Viovy Nicolas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimThe characterization of trait–environment relationships over broad‐scale gradients is a critical goal for ecology and biogeography. This implies the merging of plot and trait databases to assess community‐level trait‐based statistics. Potential shortcomings and limitations of this approach are that: (i) species traits are not measured where the community is sampled and (ii) the availability of trait data varies considerably across species and plots. Here we address the effect of trait data representativeness [the sampling effort per species and per plot] on the accuracy of (i) species‐level and (ii) community‐level trait estimates and (iii) the consequences for the shape and strength of trait–environment relationships across communities.InnovationWe combined information existing in databases of vegetation plots and plant traits to estimate community‐weighted means [CWMs] of four key traits [specific leaf area, plant height, seed mass and leaf nitrogen content per dry mass] in permanent grasslands at a country‐wide scale. We propose a generic approach for systematic sensitivity analyses based on random subsampling and data reduction to address the representativeness of incomplete and heterogeneous trait information when exploring trait–environment relationships across communities.Main conclusionsThe accuracy of the CWMs was little affected by the number of individual trait values per species [NIV] but strongly affected by the cover proportion of species with available trait values [PCover]. A PCover above 80% was required for all four traits studied to obtain an estimation bias below 5%. Our approach therefore provides more conservative criteria than previously proposed. Restrictive criteria on both NIV and PCover primarily excluded communities in harsh environments, and such reduction of the sampled gradient weakened trait–environment relationships. These findings advocate systematic measurement campaigns in natural environments to increase species coverage in global trait databases, with special emphasis on species occurring in under‐sampled and harsh environmental conditions.
Role of hepcidin‐ferroportin axis in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of anemia of chronic inflammation
Authors: Langer Arielle L. , Ginzburg Yelena Z. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAnemia of chronic inflammation (ACI) is a frequently diagnosed anemia and portends an independently increased morbidity and poor outcome associated with multiple underlying diseases. The pathophysiology of ACI is multifactorial, resulting from the effects of inflammatory cytokines which both directly and indirectly suppress erythropoiesis. Recent advances in molecular understanding of iron metabolism provide strong evidence that immune mediators, such as IL‐6, lead to hepcidin‐induced hypoferremia, iron sequestration, and decreased iron availability for erythropoiesis. The role of hepcidin‐ferroportin axis in the pathophysiology of ACI is stimulating the development of new diagnostics and targeted therapies. In this review, we present an overview of and rationale for inflammation‐, iron‐, and erythropoiesis‐related strategies currently in development.
Histoid leprosy: a retrospective clinicopathological study from central Nepal
Authors: Mathur Mahesh , Jha Ayush , Joshi Ruprerna , Wagle Roshani 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundHistoid leprosy is a rare variant of lepromatous leprosy characterized by varied morphological and histopathological appearance while having a high bacillary load. These factors contribute to an ominous threat to the elimination status of leprosy, whereby these patients may act as a reservoir of infection.ObjectiveTo identify the clinicopathological characteristics of histoid leprosy in Chitwan, Nepal.MethodsA retrospective hospital‐based study spanning a period of 6 years was carried out at our department. All cases clinically and histopathologically suggestive of histoid leprosy were included in our study, and all relevant data were recorded and analyzed as per standard protocol.ResultsHistoid leprosy comprised 2.9% of all leprosy cases. Mean age of 39.45 years and male:female ratio of 1.75:1 were seen. Previous history of leprosy was obtained in 72.7%, and de novo development of histoid leprosy took place in 27.3%. Papules were the most common lesion seen, and upper limbs were the most frequent site of involvement, and the ulnar nerve was enlarged in most cases. Mean bacillary index was 5.39. Histopathology showed epidermal atrophy, positive Fite‐Faraco stain for lepra bacilli, spindle‐shaped histiocytes arranged in various patterns, and a well‐circumscribed area of cells in the dermis in all cases. Grenz zone and pseudocapsule were seen in the majority of patients. All cases responded well to multibacillary multidrug therapy (MB‐MDT) of 2 years.ConclusionA high index of suspicion is essential for diagnosing histoid leprosy, both clinically and histopathologically.