bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FLARES ON A-TYPE STARS: EVIDENCE FOR HEATING OF SOLAR CORONA BY NANOFLARES?
Authors: Švanda Michal , Karlický Marian 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We analyzed the occurrence rates of flares on stars of spectral types K, G, F, and A, observed by Kepler. We found that the histogram of occurrence frequencies of stellar flares is systematically shifted toward a high-energy tail for A-type stars compared to stars of cooler spectral types. We extrapolated the fitted power laws toward flares with smaller energies (nanoflares) and made estimates for total energy flux to stellar atmospheres by flares. We found that, for A-type stars, the total energy flux density was at least four-times smaller than for G stars. We speculate that this deficit in energy supply may explain the lack of hot coronae on A-type stars. Our results indicate the importance of nanoflares for heating and formation of the solar corona.
NON-LTE INVERSIONS OF THE Mg ii h & k AND UV TRIPLET LINES
Authors: de la Cruz Rodríguez Jaime , Leenaarts Jorrit , Ramos Andrés Asensio 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
The Mg ii h & k lines are powerful diagnostics for studying the solar chromosphere. They have become particularly popular with the launch of the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) satellite, and a number of studies that include these lines have lead to great progress in understanding chromospheric heating, in many cases thanks to the support from 3D MHD simulations. In this study, we utilize another approach to analyze observations: non-LTE inversions of the Mg ii h & k and UV triplet lines including the effects of partial redistribution. Our inversion code attempts to construct a model atmosphere that is compatible with the observed spectra. We have assessed the capabilities and limitations of the inversions using the FALC atmosphere and a snapshot from a 3D radiation-MHD simulation. We find that Mg ii h & k allow reconstructing a model atmosphere from the middle photosphere to the transition region. We have also explored the capabilities of a multi-line/multi-atom setup, including the Mg ii h & k, the Ca ii 854.2 nm, and the Fe i 630.25 lines to recover the full stratification of physical parameters, including the magnetic field vector, from the photosphere to the chromosphere. Finally, we present the first inversions of observed IRIS spectra from quiet-Sun, plage, and sunspot, with very promising results.
Lou et Freud : le féminin en dialogue
Authors: Filloux Janine 
Published: October 2016

Lou Andreas-Salomé rencontre Freud et la psychanalyse en 1911. Leur correspondance qui s’étend de 1912 à 1936 nous restitue l’intensité d’une relation déjouant le naufrage auquel leurs profondes divergences dans la façon d’appréhender la réalité psychique auraient pu conduire. Par la grâce d’un lien transférentiel « inconditionnel » du côté de Lou, d’un respect et d’une bienveillante tolérance pour ses positions « hérétiques » du côté de Freud, leur dialogue échappe à la pente polémique et trouve, chez l’un comme chez l’autre, les aménagements nécessaires pour faire de cet échange entre une femme et un homme le lieu d’une confrontation complice et, pour nous, d’un débat sur le féminin qui garde toute son actualité.
Sigismund et les Érinyes de la reine Amalia
Authors: Defrenet Bernard 
Published: October 2016

Le rêve « mère chérie et personnages à becs d’oiseaux » qui vient clore L’interprétation des rêves est le seul rêve d’enfance qui soit rapporté par Freud. Dernier mot personnel, ce rêve convoque par association un bas-relief funéraire égyptien emprunté à la Bible de Philippson, qui a été reproduit par Grinstein et par Anzieu. Cette image vient spécifiquement illustrer la prévalence de représentations féminines tripartites dans l’œuvre de Freud. Ce travail a pour projet d’interroger la prégnance de ces triades féminines en lien avec certaines données de l’histoire familiale et personnelle de Freud, ainsi que d’articuler cette prévalence avec la non-prise en considération par Freud d’un élément décisif de la tragédie œdipienne : il ne tient pas compte, en effet, du fait que le héros thébain soit pourchassé par les Érinyes de Jocaste après que sa mère/épouse se soit suicidée. Du fait de l’éviction patente des pulsions destructrices entre mère et enfant, comme de l’impossible représentation de la sexualité maternelle, c’est de la mère préœdipienne qu’il n’aura pas été donné – par son itinéraire autoanalytique et théorique – au père de la psychanalyse d’approcher.
Le tombeau des secrets
Authors: Cribier Françoise 
Published: October 2016

Une pratique ancienne de gynécologie nous permet de rapporter des cas de femmes qui, comme une patiente de Freud, « [s’adonnent] à des fantasmes masochiques sur les modifications effroyables de l’intérieur du corps », en lien avec le trauma d’une intervention gynécologique. Sont interrogées les solutions féminines antitraumatiques, les motions pulsionnelles exprimées par ces fantasmes, les représentations du corps féminin s’y rattachant, ainsi que leur relation au complexe de castration féminin.
Ce qu’un homme sait ne pas savoir
Authors: Sag Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2016

Contribuer à désobjectiver le savoir « sur » les femmes pour remonter à la source du désir de savoir de l’homme lui-même à l’égard des femmes, tel pourrait être l’enjeu de la réflexion. De la curiosité infantile du garçon à la relation qu’un adulte entretient avec une femme, n’y aurait-il pas, pour l’homme, un problème de gestion d’ignorance à élaborer psychiquement ? C’est la conclusion à laquelle on aboutit si l’on prend en considération les « signifiants énigmatiques » que constituent pour un homme l’expérience de la gestation ainsi que l’homosexualité native des femmes. L’évidence de la nécessité du père comme tiers séparateur pourrait alors être remise en question.
Cytohistological correlation in pituitary tumor and immunological assessment with the help of Ki-67
Authors: Sen A , Das C , Mukhopadhyay M , Mukhopadhyay S , Deb S , Mukhopadhyay B 
Published: October 2016

Background:
Tumors of the pituitary gland and sellar region represent approximately 10–15% of all brain tumors. Pituitary adenoma (PA), the most common pathology of the pituitary gland, can be effectively subclassified only with the help of immunohistochemistry (IHC). This is important and needed for individual patient management.

Aims and Objectives:
The objective of the study was to analyze the importance of intraoperative imprint smear cytology and correlating with final histopathological diagnosis. Furthermore, to classify the different types of PA with the help of IHC, prolactin (PRL), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and growth hormone (GH) and to predict the benign, atypical, or malignant nature of the tumor with the help of prognostic marker Ki-67.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective study was done in 34 cases. The patients whose pituitary gland samples are referred from the endocrine and the neurosurgery department to the pathology department for histopathological examinations were selected. We have studied the clinical features, radiology and touch imprint cytology, histopathology, and IHC with the help of PRL, ACTH, GH, and Ki-67 of PA over 2 years.

Results:
In our study, we had 32 cases of PA of 34 cases over a span of 2 years. We have seen that there is a correlation between cytological and histological diagnosis of the subtypes of PA in 62% cases, and the Kappa statistics show a moderate extent of agreement (Kappa - 0.320, 95% confidence interval = 0.031–0.609). Ki-67 when compared to the radiological grading showed a high degree of comparability (Chi-square test: P < 0.001). All cases with invasion had a higher Ki-67. On using the Fisher's exact test, we found that the Ki-67 expression with GH-producing adenomas and ACTH-producing adenomas was comparable (P = 1.000) while in PRL-producing adenomas too this was not significant (P = 0.269).

Conclusion:
PA can be effectively classified with the help of IHC. Intraoperative cytology is important in diagnosing PA, but histopathology remains the gold standard in diagnosing and differentiating PA from other pathologies of the pituitary gland. The radiological grading together with immunological classification and the prognostic markers of Ki-67 is important in deciding the benign or atypical nature of the adenomas thus helping in better patient management.
The regional impact of urban emissions on climate over central Europe: present and future emission perspectives
Authors: Huszár Peter , Belda Michal , Karlický Jan , Pišoft Petr , Halenka Tomáš 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The regional climate model RegCM4.2 was coupled to the chemistry transport model CAMx, including two-way interactions, to evaluate the regional impact of urban emission from central European cities on climate for present-day (2001–2010) and future (2046–2055) periods, and for the future one only emission changes are considered. Short-lived non-CO2 emissions are considered and, for the future impact, only the emission changes are accounted for (the climate is kept “fixed”). The urban impact on climate is calculated with the annihilation approach in which two experiments are performed: one with all emissions included and one without urban emissions. The radiative impacts of non-CO2 primary and secondary formed pollutants are considered, namely ozone (O3), sulfates (PSO4), nitrates (PNO3), primary organic aerosol and primary elementary carbon (POA and PEC).The validation of the modelling system is limited to key climate parameters, near-surface temperature and precipitation. It shows that the model, in general, underestimates temperature and overestimates precipitation. We attribute this behaviour to an excess of cloudiness/water vapour present in the model atmosphere as a consequence of overpredicted evaporation from the surface.The impact on climate is characterised by statistically significant cooling of up to −0.02 and −0.04 K in winter (DJF) and summer (JJA), mainly over cities. We found that the main contributors to the cooling are the direct and indirect effects of the aerosols, while the ozone titration, calculated especially for DJF, plays rather a minor role. In accordance with the vertical extent of the urban-emission-induced aerosol perturbation, cooling dominates the first few model layers up to about 150 m in DJF and 1000 m in JJA. We found a clear diurnal cycle of the radiative impacts with maximum cooling just after noon (JJA) or later in afternoon (DJF). Furthermore, statistically significant decreases of surface radiation are modelled in accordance with the temperature decrease. The impact on the boundary layer height is small but statistically significant and decreases by 1 and 6 m in DJF and JJA respectively. We did not find any statistically significant impact on precipitation and wind speed. Regarding future emissions, the impacts are, in general, smaller as a consequence of smaller emissions, resulting in smaller urban-induced chemical perturbations.In overall, the study suggest that the non-CO2 emissions play rather a minor role in modulating regional climate over central Europe. Much more important is the direct climate impact of urban surfaces via the urban canopy meteorological effects as we showed earlier.
Seasonal variation of tropospheric bromine monoxide over the Rann of Kutch salt marsh seen from space
Authors: Hörmann Christoph , Sihler Holger , Beirle Steffen , Penning de Vries Marloes , Platt Ulrich , Wagner Thomas 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The Rann of Kutch (India and Pakistan) is one of the largest salt deserts in the world. Being a so-called "seasonal salt marsh", it is regularly flooded during the Indian summer monsoon. We present 10 years of bromine monoxide (BrO) satellite observations by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) over the Great and Little Rann of Kutch. OMI spectra were analysed using Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) and revealed recurring high BrO vertical column densities (VCDs) of up to 1.4  ×  1014 molec cm−2 during April/May, but no significantly enhanced column densities during the monsoon season (June–September). In the following winter months, the BrO VCDs are again slightly enhanced while the salty surface dries up. We investigate a possible correlation of enhanced reactive bromine concentrations with different meteorological parameters and find a strong relationship between incident UV radiation and the total BrO abundance. In contrast, the second Global Ozone Monitoring Instrument (GOME-2) shows about 4 times lower BrO VCDs over the Rann of Kutch than found by OMI and no clear seasonal cycle is observed. One reason for this finding might be the earlier local overpass time of GOME-2 compared to OMI (around 09:30 vs. 13:30 LT), as the ambient conditions significantly differ for both satellite instruments at the time of the measurements. Further possible reasons are discussed and mainly attributed to instrumental issues. OMI additionally confirms the presence of enhanced BrO concentrations over the Dead Sea valley (Israel/Jordan), as suggested by former ground-based observations. The measurements indicate that the Rann of Kutch salt marsh is probably one of the strongest natural point sources of reactive bromine compounds outside the polar regions and is therefore supposed to have a significant impact on local and regional ozone chemistry.
Can local climate variability be explained by weather patterns? A multi-station evaluation for the Rhine basin
Authors: Murawski Aline , Bürger Gerd , Vorogushyn Sergiy , Merz Bruno 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. To understand past flood changes in the Rhine catchment and in particular the role of anthropogenic climate change in extreme flows, an attribution study relying on a proper GCM (general circulation model) downscaling is needed. A downscaling based on conditioning a stochastic weather generator on weather patterns is a promising approach. This approach assumes a strong link between weather patterns and local climate, and sufficient GCM skill in reproducing weather pattern climatology. These presuppositions are unprecedentedly evaluated here using 111 years of daily climate data from 490 stations in the Rhine basin and comprehensively testing the number of classification parameters and GCM weather pattern characteristics. A classification based on a combination of mean sea level pressure, temperature, and humidity from the ERA20C reanalysis of atmospheric fields over central Europe with 40 weather types was found to be the most appropriate for stratifying six local climate variables. The corresponding skill is quite diverse though, ranging from good for radiation to poor for precipitation. Especially for the latter it was apparent that pressure fields alone cannot sufficiently stratify local variability. To test the skill of the latest generation of GCMs from the CMIP5 ensemble in reproducing the frequency, seasonality, and persistence of the derived weather patterns, output from 15 GCMs is evaluated. Most GCMs are able to capture these characteristics well, but some models showed consistent deviations in all three evaluation criteria and should be excluded from further attribution analysis.
Assessment of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice predictability in CMIP5 decadal hindcasts
Authors: Yang Chao-Yuan , Liu Jiping , Hu Yongyun , Horton Radley M. , Chen Liqi , Cheng Xiao 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. This paper examines the ability of coupled global climate models to predict decadal variability of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice. We analyze decadal hindcasts/predictions of 11 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models. Decadal hindcasts exhibit a large multi-model spread in the simulated sea ice extent, with some models deviating significantly from the observations as the predicted ice extent quickly drifts away from the initial constraint. The anomaly correlation analysis between the decadal hindcast and observed sea ice suggests that in the Arctic, for most models, the areas showing significant predictive skill become broader associated with increasing lead times. This area expansion is largely because nearly all the models are capable of predicting the observed decreasing Arctic sea ice cover. Sea ice extent in the North Pacific has better predictive skill than that in the North Atlantic (particularly at a lead time of 3–7 years), but there is a re-emerging predictive skill in the North Atlantic at a lead time of 6–8 years. In contrast to the Arctic, Antarctic sea ice decadal hindcasts do not show broad predictive skill at any timescales, and there is no obvious improvement linking the areal extent of significant predictive skill to lead time increase. This might be because nearly all the models predict a retreating Antarctic sea ice cover, opposite to the observations. For the Arctic, the predictive skill of the multi-model ensemble mean outperforms most models and the persistence prediction at longer timescales, which is not the case for the Antarctic. Overall, for the Arctic, initialized decadal hindcasts show improved predictive skill compared to uninitialized simulations, although this improvement is not present in the Antarctic.
Novel Variants of RPGR in X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa Families and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation
Authors: Parmeggiani Francesco , Barbaro Vanessa , Migliorati Angelo , Raffa Paolo , Nespeca Patrizia , De Nadai Katia , Del Vecchio Claudia , Palù Giorgio , Parolin Cristina , Di Iorio Enzo 
Published: October 2016

Purpose To identify novel mutations in the retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator ( RPGR) gene and retinitis pigmentosa 2 ( RP2) gene underlying X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) and assess genotype-phenotype correlations. Methods The patient cohort, consisting of 13 individuals from 3 unrelated XLRP families, underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examination. The open reading frames of RPGR and RP2 were analyzed with Sanger sequencing in each patient. The identified genetic variants were defined as mutations or polymorphisms on the basis of their pathological effect. Results We found 3 genetic variants: a novel mutation c.1591G>T in exon 14 and a novel polymorphism c.1105C>T in exon 10, resulting in p.Glu531* and p.Arg369Cys of RPGR gene, respectively, and one already known mutation c.413A>G in exon 2, resulting in a p.Glu138Gly of RP2 gene. Considering our XLRP probands, RPGR-related phenotypic damages were similar and less severe than those of the patient with the RP2 mutation. On the other hand, the female carriers of XLRP variants showed different RPGR-related consequences, ranging from rods hypofunctionality in c.1591G>T nonsense heterozygosity to no retinal changes in c.1105C>T polymorphic heterozygosity. Conclusions These findings broaden the spectrum of RPGR mutations and phenotypic variability of the disease, which will be useful for genetic consultation and diagnosis in the future.
Acquired Ectropion Uveae and Secondary Glaucoma due to Trauma: Report of 3 Cases
Authors: Markovic Vujica , Vukovic Dragan , Radosavljevic Aleksandra , Marjanovic Ivan 
Published: October 2016

Purpose To investigate the possible association between acquired ectropion uveae and blunt trauma to the eye. We present 3 cases of acquired ectropion uveae that occurred after blunt trauma to the eye. There are no previously published data on possible association of these conditions. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of patients with ectropion uveae and eye injury at University Eye Hospital over a 10-year period (2006-2016). We analyzed medical records and clinical findings. Results Three eyes of 3 male patients with ocular trauma and ectropion uveae, ages 71, 68, and 5 years, were reviewed. The period between the eye injury and the diagnosis of ectropion uveae ranged from 10 to 36 months. All 3 eyes developed clinical evidence of secondary glaucoma with moderately to severely elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) (ranging from 29 to 48 mm Hg). Surgical treatment (trabeculectomy) was needed in 2 cases in order to control secondary glaucoma and conservative treatment was sufficient in 1 case. Mean patient follow-up was 19.3 ± 4.6 months. Conclusions Trauma can be considered as a cause of acquired ectropion uveae. Acquired ectropion uveae following eye trauma may be associated with significant increase in IOP. All patients in our series had secondary glaucoma and 2 of 3 required surgical treatment for IOP control.
Fracture of Totally Implanted Central Venous Access Devices: A Propensity-Score-Matched Comparison of Risks for Groshong Silicone versus Polyurethane Catheters
Authors: Kojima Soichi , Hiraki Takao , Gobara Hideo , Iguchi Toshihiro , Fujiwara Hiroyasu , Matsui Yusuke , Mitsuhashi Toshiharu , Kanazawa Susumu 
Published: October 2016

Purpose To evaluate retrospectively the fracture risk of totally implanted venous access devices connected to Groshong silicone (SC) versus polyurethane (PU) catheters, inserted via the internal jugular vein. Materials and methods The study population comprised 384 SC and 221 PU central venous catheters implanted via the internal jugular vein. The presence of catheter fracture was evaluated. Variables possibly related to catheter fracture were evaluated. First, in order to determine the factors associated with fracture, fracture rates were compared with the log-rank test between the two groups divided by each of the variables. Then, in order to adjust for potential confounders, propensity-score matching of the variables was employed in the two catheter groups. Finally, the rates of fracture were compared between the two propensity-score-matched catheter groups. Results There were 16 cases of catheter fracture, for an overall fracture percentage of 2.6% (16/605). All 16 cases of fracture occurred in the SC catheter group. Smaller patient body mass index (p = 0.039), deeper catheter tip position (p = 0.022), and SC catheters (p = 0.019) were significantly associated with fracture. With the propensity-score-matching method, 180 cases were selected in each catheter group. Comparison of the two propensity-score-matched groups showed that fracture rates for SC catheters remained significantly (p = 0.018) higher than those for PU catheters. Conclusions Ports connected to Groshong SC catheters – when implanted via the internal jugular vein – posed a higher risk of fracture than did ports connected to PU catheters.
Distinct Impact of Three Different Statins on Arteriovenous Fistula Outcomes: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Martinez Laisel , Duque Juan C. , Escobar Luis A. , Tabbara Marwan , Asif Arif , Fayad Fadi , Vazquez-Padron Roberto I. , Salman Loay H. 
Published: October 2016

Purpose Whether statins improve arteriovenous fistula (AVF) outcomes is still a matter of debate. Taking into consideration the existing physicochemical differences between individual drugs, this study evaluates the impact of three different statins (atorvastatin, rosuvastatin and simvastatin) on one-stage and two-stage AVF outcomes. Methods Using a retrospective cohort of 535 patients, we analyzed the effects of each statin on primary failure and primary patency using multivariate logistic regressions and Cox proportional hazard models. Results Out of the three statins analyzed, only atorvastatin improved the overall primary failure of AVF (odds ratio [OR] = 0.18, p = 0.005). Comparisons between the two AVF types demonstrated that this effect was due to a prominent reduction in primary failure of one-stage (OR = 0.03; p = 0.005), but not two-stage fistulas (OR = 0.43; p = 0.25). In contrast, primary patency of two-stage (hazards ratio [HR] = 0.51; p = 0.024), but not one-stage fistulas (HR = 0.98; p = 0.95), was improved by all statins as a group, but not by individual drugs. Conclusions Our results suggest that the potential benefit of statins on AVF outcomes is a drug-specific and not a class effect, and that such effect is also influenced by the type of fistula.