bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping female bodily features of attractiveness
Authors: Bovet Jeanne , Lao Junpeng , Bartholomée Océane , Caldara Roberto , Raymond Michel 
Published: January 2016

Abstract“Beauty is bought by judgment of the eye” (Shakespeare, Love’s Labour’s Lost), but the bodily features governing this critical biological choice are still debated. Eye movement studies have demonstrated that males sample coarse body regions expanding from the face, the breasts and the midriff, while making female attractiveness judgements with natural vision. However, the visual system ubiquitously extracts diagnostic extra-foveal information in natural conditions, thus the visual information actually used by men is still unknown. We thus used a parametric gaze-contingent design while males rated attractiveness of female front- and back-view bodies. Males used extra-foveal information when available. Critically, when bodily features were only visible through restricted apertures, fixations strongly shifted to the hips, to potentially extract hip-width and curvature, then the breast and face. Our hierarchical mapping suggests that the visual system primary uses hip information to compute the waist-to-hip ratio and the body mass index, the crucial factors in determining sexual attractiveness and mate selection.
Exome sequencing reveals recurrent REV3L mutations in cisplatin-resistant squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck
Authors: Huang Kie Kyon , Jang Kang Won , Kim Sangwoo , Kim Han Sang , Kim Sung-Moo , Kwon Hyeong Ju , Kim Hye Ryun , Yun Hwan Jung , Ahn Myung Ju , Park Keon Uk , Ramnarayanan Kalpana , McPherson John R. , Zhang Shenli , Rhee Je-Keun , Vettore André L. , Das Kakoli , Ishimoto Takatsugu , Kim Joo Hang , Koh Yoon Woo , Kim Se Hun , Choi Eun Chang , Teh Bin Tean , Rozen Steven G. , Kim Tae-Min , Tan Patrick , Cho Byoung Chul 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDacomitinib, an irreversible pan-HER inhibitor, had shown modest clinical activity in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) patients. Therefore, validated predictive biomarkers are required to identify patients most likely to benefit from this therapeutic option. To characterize the genetic landscape of cisplatin-treated SCCHN genomes and identify potential predictive biomarkers for dacomitinib sensitivity, we performed whole exome sequencing on 18 cisplatin-resistant metastatic SCCHN tumors and their matched germline DNA. Platinum-based chemotherapy elevated the mutation rates of SCCHN compared to chemotherapy-naïve SCCHNs. Cisplatin-treated SCCHN genomes uniquely exhibited a novel mutational signature characterized by C:G to A:T transversions at CCR sequence contexts that may have arisen due to error-prone translesional synthesis. Somatic mutations in REV3L, the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase ζ involved in translesional synthesis, are significantly enriched in a subset of patients who derived extended clinical benefit to dacomitinib (P = 0.04). Functional assays showed that loss-of-function of REV3L dramatically enhanced the sensitivity of SCCHN cells to dacomitinib by the loss of both translesion synthesis and homologous recombination pathways. Our data suggest that the ‘platinum’ mutational signature and inactivation of REV3L may inform treatment options in patients of recurrent SCCHN.
Unconventional Magnetism and Band Gap Formation in LiFePO4: Consequence of Polyanion Induced Non-planarity
Authors: Jena Ajit , Nanda B. R. K. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractOxygen plays a critical role in strongly correlated transition metal oxides as crystal field effect is one of the key factors that determine the degree of localization of the valence d/f states. Based on the localization, a set of conventional mechanisms such as Mott-Hubbard, Charge-transfer and Slater were formulated to explain the antiferromagnetic and insulating (AFI) phenomena in many of these correlated systems. From the case study on LiFePO4, through density-functional calculations, we demonstrate that none of these mechanisms are strictly applicable to explain the AFI behavior when the transition metal oxides have polyanions such as (PO4)3−. The symmetry-lowering of the metal-oxygen complex, to stabilize the polyanion, creates an asymmetric crystal field for d/f states. In LiFePO4 this field creates completely non-degenerate Fe-d states which, with negligible p-d and d-d covalent interactions, become atomically localized to ensure a gap at the Fermi level. Due to large exchange splitting, high spin state is favored and an antiferromagnetic configuration is stabilized. For the prototype LiFePO4, independent electron approximation is good enough to obtain the AFI ground state. Inclusion of additional correlation measures like Hubbard U simply amplifies the gap and therefore LiFePO4 can be preferably called as weakly coupled Mott insulator.
Multinucleation and Polykaryon Formation is Promoted by the EhPC4 Transcription Factor in Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Cruz Olga Hernández de la , Marchat Laurence A. , Guillén Nancy , Weber Christian , Rosas Itzel López , Díaz-Chávez José , Herrera Luis , Rojo-Domínguez Arturo , Orozco Esther , López-Camarillo César 
Published: January 2016

AbstractEntamoeba histolytica is the intestinal parasite responsible for human amoebiasis that is a leading cause of death in developing countries. In this protozoan, heterogeneity in DNA content, polyploidy and genome plasticity have been associated to alterations in mechanisms controlling DNA replication and cell division. Studying the function of the transcription factor EhPC4, we unexpectedly found that it is functionally related to DNA replication and multinucleation. Site-directed mutagenesis on the FRFPKG motif revealed that the K127 residue is required for efficient EhPC4 DNA-binding activity. Remarkably, overexpression of EhPC4 significantly increased cell proliferation, DNA replication and DNA content of trophozoites. A dramatically increase in cell size resulting in the formation of giant multinucleated trophozoites (polykaryon) was also found. Multinucleation event was associated to cytokinesis failure leading to abortion of ongoing cell division. Consistently, genome-wide profiling of EhPC4 overexpressing trophozoites revealed the up-regulation of genes involved in carbohydrates and nucleic acids metabolism, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Forced overexpression of one of these genes, EhNUDC (nuclear movement protein), led to alterations in cytokinesis and partially recapitulated the multinucleation phenotype. These data indicate for the first time that EhPC4 is associated with events related to polyploidy and genome stability in E. histolytica.
The opgC gene is required for OPGs succinylation and is osmoregulated through RcsCDB and EnvZ/OmpR in the phytopathogen Dickeya dadantii
Authors: Bontemps-Gallo Sébastien , Madec Edwige , Robbe-Masselot Catherine , Souche Erika , Dondeyne Jacqueline , Lacroix Jean-Marie 
Published: January 2016

AbstractOsmoregulated periplasmic glucans (OPGs) are a family of periplasmic oligosaccharides found in the envelope of most Proteobacteria. They are required for virulence of zoo- and phyto-pathogens. The glucose backbone of OPGs is substituted by various kinds of molecules depending on the species, O-succinyl residues being the most widely distributed. In our model, Dickeya dadantii, a phytopathogenic bacteria causing soft rot disease in a wide range of plant species, the backbone of OPGs is substituted by O-succinyl residues in media of high osmolarity and by O-acetyl residues whatever the osmolarity. The opgC gene encoding a transmembrane protein required for the succinylation of the OPGs in D. dadantii was found after an in silico search of a gene encoding a protein with the main characteristics recovered in the two previously characterized OpgC of E. coli and R. sphaeroides, i.e. 10 transmembrane segments and one acyl-transferase domain. Characterization of the opgC gene revealed that high osmolarity expression of the succinyl transferase is controlled by both the EnvZ-OmpR and RcsCDB phosphorelay systems. The loss of O-succinyl residue did not affect the virulence of D. dadantii, suggesting that only the glucose backbone of OPGs is required for virulence.
Exploration of nucleosome positioning patterns in transcription factor function
Authors: Maehara Kazumitsu , Ohkawa Yasuyuki 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe binding of transcription factors (TFs) triggers activation of specific chromatin regions through the recruitment and activation of RNA polymerase. Unique nucleosome positioning (NP) occurs during gene expression and has been suggested to be involved in various other chromatin functions. However, the diversity of NP that can occur for each function has not been clarified. Here we used MNase-Seq data to evaluate NP around 258 cis-regulatory elements in the mouse genome. Principal component analysis of the 258 elements revealed that NP consisted of five major patterns. Furthermore, the five NP patterns had predictive power for the level of gene expression. We also demonstrated that selective NP patterns appeared around TF binding sites. These results suggest that the NP patterns are correlated to specific functions on chromatin.
The Dilemma of Derelict Gear
Authors: Scheld A. M. , Bilkovic D. M. , Havens K. J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractEvery year, millions of pots and traps are lost in crustacean fisheries around the world. Derelict fishing gear has been found to produce several harmful environmental and ecological effects, however socioeconomic consequences have been investigated less frequently. We analyze the economic effects of a substantial derelict pot removal program in the largest estuary of the United States, the Chesapeake Bay. By combining spatially resolved data on derelict pot removals with commercial blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) harvests and effort, we show that removing 34,408 derelict pots led to significant gains in gear efficiency and an additional 13,504 MT in harvest valued at US $21.3 million—a 27% increase above that which would have occurred without removals. Model results are extended to a global analysis where it is seen that US $831 million in landings could be recovered annually by removing less than 10% of the derelict pots and traps from major crustacean fisheries. An unfortunate common pool externality, the degradation of marine environments is detrimental not only to marine organisms and biota, but also to those individuals and communities whose livelihoods and culture depend on profitable and sustainable marine resource use.
Combining intra- and intermolecular charge-transfer: a new strategy towards molecular ferromagnets and multiferroics
Authors: Di Maiolo Francesco , Sissa Cristina , Painelli Anna 
Published: January 2016

AbstractOrganic ferroelectric materials are currently a hot research topic, with mixed stack charge transfer crystals playing a prominent role with their large, electronic-in-origin polarization and the possibility to tune the transition temperature down to the quantum limit and/or to drive the ferroelectric transition via an optical stimulus. By contrast and in spite of an impressive research effort, organic ferromagnets are rare and characterized by very low transition temperatures. Coexisting magnetic and electric orders in multiferroics offer the possibility to control magnetic (electric) properties by an applied electric (magnetic) field with impressive technological potential. Only few examples of multiferroics are known today, based on inorganics materials. Here we demonstrate that, by decorating mixed stack charge transfer crystals with organic radicals, a new family of robust molecular ferromagnets can be designed, stable up to ambient temperature and with a clear tendency towards multiferroic behaviour.
Temporal aspects of air pollutant measures in epidemiologic analysis: a simulation study
Authors: White Laura F , Yu Jeffrey , Jerrett Michael , Coogan Patricia 
Published: January 2016

AbstractNumerous observational studies have assessed the association between ambient air pollution and chronic disease incidence, but there is no uniform approach to create an exposure metric that captures the variability in air pollution through time and determines the most relevant exposure window. The purpose of the present study was to assess ways of modeling exposure to air pollution in relation to incident hypertension. We simulated data on incident hypertension to assess the performance of six air pollution exposure metrics, using characteristics from the Black Women’s Health Study. Each metric made different assumptions about how to incorporate time trends in pollutant data and the most relevant window of exposure. We use observed values for particulate matter ≤2.5 microns (PM2.5) for this cohort to create the six exposure metrics and fit Cox proportional hazards models to the simulated data using the six metrics. The optimal exposure metric depends on the underlying association between PM2.5 and disease, which is unknown. Metrics that incorporate exposure information from multiple years tend to be more robust and suffer from less bias. This study provides insight into factors that influence the metric used to quantifying exposure to PM2.5 and suggests the need for careful sensitivity analyses.
Band transport across a chain of dopant sites in silicon over micron distances and high temperatures
Authors: Prati Enrico , Kumagai Kuninori , Hori Masahiro , Shinada Takahiro 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMacroscopic manifestations of quantum mechanics are among the most spectacular effects of physics. In most of them, novel collective properties emerge from the quantum mechanical behaviour of their microscopic constituents. Others, like superconductivity, extend a property typical of the atomic scale to macroscopic length scale. Similarly, features of quantum transport in Hubbard systems which are only observed at nanometric distances in natural and artificial atoms embedded in quantum devices, could be in principle extended to macroscopic distances in microelectronic devices. By employing an atomic chain consists of an array of 20 atoms implanted along the channel of a silicon transistor with length of 1 μm, we extend to such unprecedented distance both the single electron quantum transport via sequential tunneling and to room temperature the features of the Hubbard bands. Their observation provides a new example of scaling of quantum mechanical properties, previously observed only at the nanoscale, up to lengths typical of microelectronics, by opening new perspectives towards passage of quantum states and band engineering in silicon devices.
Synthetic tactile perception induced by transcranial alternating-current stimulation can substitute for natural sensory stimulus in behaving rabbits
Authors: Márquez-Ruiz Javier , Ammann Claudia , Leal-Campanario Rocío , Ruffini Giulio , Gruart Agnès , Delgado-García José M. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe use of brain-derived signals for controlling external devices has long attracted the attention from neuroscientists and engineers during last decades. Although much effort has been dedicated to establishing effective brain-to-computer communication, computer-to-brain communication feedback for “closing the loop” is now becoming a major research theme. While intracortical microstimulation of the sensory cortex has already been successfully used for this purpose, its future application in humans partly relies on the use of non-invasive brain stimulation technologies. In the present study, we explore the potential use of transcranial alternating-current stimulation (tACS) for synthetic tactile perception in alert behaving animals. More specifically, we determined the effects of tACS on sensory local field potentials (LFPs) and motor output and tested its capability for inducing tactile perception using classical eyeblink conditioning in the behaving animal. We demonstrated that tACS of the primary somatosensory cortex vibrissa area could indeed substitute natural stimuli during training in the associative learning paradigm.
A Novel Controlled Release Immunosensor based on Benzimidazole Functionalized SiO2 and Cyclodextrin Functionalized Gold
Authors: Ma Hongmin , Wang Yaoguang , Wu Dan , Zhang Yong , Gao Jian , Ren Xiang , Du Bin , Wei Qin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA novel controlled release system-based sandwich-type immunosensor is fabricated to detect squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA). The 1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole functionalized mesoporous SiO2 (MBI-MS) is used to load methylene blue (MB). β-cyclodextrin functionalized gold (CD-Au) is introduced as the gatekeeper for encapsulating MB and capturing the adamantly functional detection antibody (ADA-Ab2). And pH stimulus serves as the trigger system to control the MB release. After the load of MB, the CD-Au blocks the pores of the MBI-MS by the host-guest interaction in the neutral condition. However, when the pH is below 7.0, CD-Au is separated from the surface of MBI-MS owing to the protonation of the aromatic amines. The encapsulated MB is released from the pores of MBI-MS and detected by square wave voltammetry. The controlled release immunosensor shows a relatively wide linear range from 0.001 to 20 ng·mL−1 with a low detection limit of 0.25 pg·mL−1. The immunosensor also shows good reproducibility and selectivity, which endows it broad application prospect in clinical research.
Do Live Versus Audio-Recorded Narrative Stimuli Influence Young Children's Narrative Comprehension and Retell Quality?
Authors: Kim Young-Suk Grace 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
The primary aim of the present study was to examine whether different ways of presenting narrative stimuli (i.e., live narrative stimuli versus audio-recorded narrative stimuli) influence children's performances on narrative comprehension and oral-retell quality.

Method

Children in kindergarten (
n
= 54), second grade (
n
= 74), and fourth grade (
n
= 65) were matched on their performance on a standardized oral-language comprehension task and then were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 conditions that differed in how narrative stimuli were presented to children: live narrative stimuli and audio-recorded narrative stimuli.

Results
Kindergartners and 2nd graders in the live condition had higher mean performance on narrative comprehension, with effect sizes of .43 and .39, respectively, after accounting for age, gender, and school. No differences were found in narrative comprehension for children in 4th grade. Children's oral-retell quality did not differ as a function of condition in any grade.

Conclusion
These results suggest that how narrative stimuli are presented to children (i.e., live versus audio-recorded narrative stimuli) may affect children's narrative comprehension, particularly for young children in kindergarten and Grade 2. Implications for assessment and instruction are discussed.
Detection of an interaction between prion protein and neuregulin I-β1 by fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis
Authors: Arii Yasuhiro , Yamaguchi Hidenori , Yamasaki Masayuki , Fukuoka Shin-Ichi 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Cellular prion protein (PrP) copurifies with neuregulin type I-β1 (NRG I-β1), but no interaction has been detected by a general immunoprecipitation study. We speculate that PrP interacts with NRG I-β1. Here, the interaction of PrP with NRG I-β1 was detected by measuring fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between enhanced blue (EBFP) and enhanced green (EGFP) fluorescent protein-fusion proteins. Full-length PrP interacted with EGFP in addition to NRG I-β1. From this result, we deduced that PrP interacts with EGFP through its unstructured N-terminal domain. We therefore detected FRET between PrP deleting the N-terminal domain and NRG I-β1. In contrast, the C-terminal domain of PrP interacted with NRG I-β1 and the proteins dissociated completely in the presence of sodium chloride. This interaction occurs at the nanomolar level, which is important for the reaction to be functional in organisms. We concluded that PrP interacted with NRG I-β1 through its C-terminal domain.
Purification and partial characterization of the extradiol dioxygenase, 2′-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase, in the fluorene degradation pathway from Rhodococcus sp. strain DFA3
Authors: Kotake Tatsuro , Matsuzawa Jun , Suzuki-Minakuchi Chiho , Okada Kazunori , Nojiri Hideaki , Iwata Kenichi 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Type II extradiol dioxygenase, 2′-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase (FlnD1D2) involved in the fluorene degradation pathway of Rhodococcus sp. DFA3 was purified to homogeneity from a heterologously expressing Escherichia coli. Gel filtration chromatography and SDS-PAGE suggested that FlnD1D2 is an α4β4 heterooctamer and that the molecular masses of these subunits are 30 and 9.9 kDa, respectively. The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme activity were 8.0 and 30 °C, respectively. Assessment of metal ion effects suggested that exogenously supplied Fe2+ increases enzyme activity 3.2-fold. FlnD1D2 catalyzed meta-cleavage of 2′-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl homologous compounds, but not single-ring catecholic compounds. The Km and kcat/Km values of FlnD1D2 for 2,3-dihidroxybiphenyl were 97.2 μM and 1.5 × 10−2 μM−1sec−1, and for 2,2′,3-trihydroxybiphenyl, they were 168.0 μM and 0.5 × 10−2 μM−1sec−1, respectively. A phylogenetic tree of the large and small subunits of type II extradiol dioxygenases suggested that FlnD1D2 constitutes a novel subgroup among heterooligomeric type II extradiol dioxygenases.
Emigration and the Sea
Authors: Newitt Malyn 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This is a history of the Portuguese diaspora that has planted Portuguese-speaking communities across the world, made Portuguese the seventh most widely spoken language, and given rise to a number of Portuguese creole languages. The Portuguese diaspora involves different streams of emigration that have merged to create a highly diverse “Portuguese” world. The settlement of the Atlantic islands mixed migrants from mainland Portugal with slaves from West Arica. The islands themselves then became points of departure for further migrations to West Africa and the New World. The discovery of the sea route to India resulted in the Portuguese founding communities everywhere from East Africa to China. The expulsion of the Sephardic Jews added a new element to the diaspora which planted “Portuguese” communities in Europe, the Mediterranean, the Caribbean and mainland America. Emigration affected all classes in Portugal, not only the poor and landless but also the upper classes and educated who looked for career opportunities outside Portugal. In the nineteenth century Brazil and the Caribbean became the main destinations for emigrants; in the twentieth century, this changed to the United States, South America and above all northern Europe. The book traces the connections with Portugal’s formal empire in Africa and Brazil and looks at the institutions that have bound disparate Portuguese communities together over time and space.
Portuguese Emigration to Africa
Authors: Newitt Malyn 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Portuguese have emigrated to Africa since the fifteenth century. Through intermarriage with local women a caste of black “Portuguese” emerged who played an important role as intermediaries in West African trade and who developed distinctive creole languages. Portuguese culture also influenced the ruling elite of Kongo and gave rise to the creole ethnic group which dominated Angola for centuries and which has assumed power in the post-colonial era. The scramble for Africa led to increased Portuguese emigration to Africa and after World War II this received active state encouragement, although most Portuguese settlers left the colonies after independence either to return to Portugal or to move on to South Africa. Large numbers have now returned to Africa to find work in the booming economies of Angola and Mozambique.