bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shelter competition between the invasive western tubenose goby and the native stone loach is mediated by sex
Authors: Błońska Dagmara , Kobak Jarosław , Grabowska Joanna 
Published: November 2016

<p>Shelter, regarded as a protection against predators and/or nesting site, constitutes one of the basic resources for which organisms compete in the wild. Ponto-Caspian gobies are a good example of a territorial species, which can have negative impact on native species with similar biology due to competitive interactions. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the potential impact of the invasive Ponto-Caspian western tubenose goby <em>Proterorhinus semilunaris</em> on the native stone loach <em>Barbatula barbatula</em> through shelter competition. We used male and female gobies in their reproductive season to test whether they would be more aggressive towards native stone loach, accounting for different light conditions in a limited shelter competition scenario. The results of our study showed that both tested species occupied the shelter mostly during the daylight. Only male goby reduced the shelter occupancy of stone loach despite the fact that interspecific aggressive acts were very rare. It was associated with the nest guarding by male gobies, considering that the study was conducted during their reproductive season. Based on our results, it is possible that, under natural conditions, male tubenose goby would force stone loach to stay away from the shelter, especially in late spring and early summer, when gobies are in reproductive state. This might affect stone loach populations by devoiding them of optimum sites and increasing their exposure to predators. </p>
The role of Christian institutions in witnessing to students of the Muslim faith: The case of the University of Eastern African Baraton in Kenya
Authors: Lagat Rebecca J. 
Published: November 2016

The University of Eastern African, Baraton (UEAB) mission is concerned with providing a religious education in a holistic environment. This includes education in the gospel globally by recruiting students from all spheres including those of other faiths. The aim is witnessing to them during their four-year stay at the institution with the hope of introducing them to the Adventist faith. The main focus of this study was to establish whether the UEAB was true to its basic philosophy of witnessing to people of other faiths – in this case by engaging Muslim students. A qualitative-research design was adopted for the study. The data was collected by means of document analysis, interviews and observations. Fifteen administrators and twelve Muslim students were used for the investigation. The study investigated the strategies and channels to evangelise students from other faiths contextually, and ascertain whether the UEAB indeed is living up to its own vision and mission. Recommendations are put forward to engage students from other faiths through more personnel and, for instance, new strategies to engage the Muslims on campus through friendship evangelisation.
Cephalometric analysis for functional occlusion
Authors: Karad Ashok , Chhajed Shruti 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundVarious elements contributing to good functional occlusion have not been clearly assessed with cephalometrics for the diagnosis of functional problems and their application in clinical practice. The aim of this study, therefore, was to analyze different components of functional occlusion to formulate concise functional cephalometric analysis.Materials and MethodsEighty-two cases (38 males and 44 females), with class I occlusion and balanced facial profile, were examined based on the selection criteria, and cephalograms were taken in natural head position. All the radiographs were then analyzed using various functional parameters.ResultsThe mean values of condylar path angle and incisal path angle were 55.83° and 65.67°, respectively, with large deviations. However, both showed positive correlation. The value of the angle of long axis of mandibular incisor with respect to the line joining center of condyle and lower incisor tip was 88.04°. Moreover, the angle between the occlusal plane and horizontal plane was 12.88°. In vertical plane, lower face height (LFH) was found to be slightly less than the upper face height. Maxilla contributed around 45% of the LFH while mandible formed about 60%. Furthermore, upper alveolar component (maxillary alveolar height) formed more than half of the maxilla (53.79%) whereas lower alveolar component (mandibular alveolar height) was 74.8% of the mandible.ConclusionThis study has analyzed various components of functional occlusion and formulated a concise functional cephalometric analysis for diagnosis, treatment planning, and assessment of treatment results.
Evolution of ANB and SN-GoGn angles during craniofacial growth: A retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Oyonarte Rodrigo , Hurtado Mónica , Castro M. Valeria 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to describe the evolution of the ANB and SN-GoGn angles throughout development, in a longitudinal sample of Caucasian patients.Materials and MethodsHistorical cephalometric records from North American individuals available at the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation Craniofacial Legacy Growth Collection website were used to carry out an exploratory longitudinal study. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of orthodontically untreated males and females were included. Individuals with three or more longitudinal cephalometric records at pre- and post-pubertal stages, with at least one postpubertal radiograph available in vertebral cervical maturation stage (cervical vertebral maturation) 5 or 6, were selected. Seventy-one individuals met the inclusion criteria. ANB, SNA, SNB, and SN-GoGn angles were measured. Individuals were classified according to the latest postpubertal ANB angle available and grouped by CVM. Descriptive statistics were obtained for the cephalometric variables, and differences between genders were analyzed.ResultsForty-five individuals were classified as skeletal Class I at the end of growth, 17 as Class II, and 9 as Class III. ANB values decrease as growth occurs in every group (average ANB decrease between the stages CVM 1 and 6: Class I - 1.5°, Class II - 0.7°, and Class III - 3.1°). For SN-GoGn angle, a constant reduction was observed as skeletal maturation increased (Average SN-GoGn decrease between the stages CVM 1 and 6: Class I - 4°, Class II - 2.5°, and Class III - 4.9°).ConclusionsANB and SN-GoGn angles decrease during growth. The magnitude varies depending on individual sagittal characteristics, Class III individuals displaying the greatest reduction, and Class II individuals the least.
La mujer deportista y periodista en los informativos deportivos de televisión. Un análisis comparativo con respecto a su homólogo masculino
Authors: Calvo Ortega Elena , Gutiérrez San Miguel Begoña 
Published: November 2016

La presente investigación se centra en los informativos deportivos de televisión de las principales cadenas del territorio español, teniendo un doble objetivo: por un lado, analizar la representación y tratamiento informativo que recibe la mujer deportista en comparación con su homólogo masculino; y por otro, estudiar la muestra de hombres y mujeres como periodistas. Metodología: Para llevarla a cabo, se utilizará una metodología cuantitativa utilizando la técnica de investigación de análisis de contenido. Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados muestran una escasa presencia de la mujer deportista con respecto a su homólogo masculino, así como la presencia de ciertos mecanismos periodísticos que subordinan el deporte femenino al masculino. Del mismo modo, los hombres también prevalecen como profesionales de la información en todos sus roles. Por tanto, se deduce que los informativos deportivos refuerzan y perpetúan el deporte como un reducto masculino hecho por y para hombres.
Inhibition of ULK2 Autophagic Activity by Its Association with YAP
Authors: Shin Sung Hwa , Lee Eun Jeoung , Hyun Sunghee , Park Dowonkyoung , Kang Sang Sun 
Published: November 2016

Uncoordinated 51-like kinase 2 (ULK2) is a member of the serine/threonine kinase family that functions an essential role regulating autophagy in mammalian cells. As autophagy is implicated in normal cellular homeostasis and multiple diseases, better mechanisticinsight will drive thedevelopment of novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we present evidence that ULK2 interacts withYAP for its degradation and subcellular localization. A potential PPxY motif (328PPnY331) was identified, which is similar with the consensus PPxY motif in ULK2 S/P domain. TheP329A (PA) mutation in the PY motif of ULK2 abolished the YAP-ULK2 association.At first, we observed that ULK2 physically interacted to YAP in vivo and in vitro, using a pull-down approach. Secondly, ULK2 and YAP co- localized at the apical (or tight junction) membrane as visualized by confocal microscopy. Furthermore, the PA mutant substantially increased during autophagy than that of wild-type ULK2 or the P242A mutant in transient transfection assays. Thus, the association between ULK2 and YAP through the WW domain links autophagy and the Hippo signal transduction pathway.
Choroidal Characteristics of Acute and Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Ruiz-Medrano Jorge , Pellegrini Marco , Cereda Matteo G. , Cigada Mario , Staurenghi Giovanni 
Published: November 2016

Purpose Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is an idiopathic disorder characterized by serous detachments of the neurosensory retina and/or the retinal pigment epithelium affecting the macular area in the majority of cases. The objective of this study was to describe choroidal findings in patients with acute and chronic CSC based on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography analysis. Methods This is a cross-sectional, noninterventional study performed at Luigi Sacco University Hospital of Milan. Inclusion criteria were the presence of diagnosed (acute or chronic) CSC and being 18 years or older. Patients were evaluated with Spectralis spectral-domain optical coherence tomography enhanced depth imaging by 2 operators. The main features analyzed were intrachoroidal hyperreflective spots and hyperreflective choroidal vessel walls, as actual measurements of wall thickness could not be performed. Results Patients with chronic CSC had hyperreflective spots in 83.3% of the cases and hyperreflective choroidal vessel walls in 75%, whereas patients with acute course had the same alterations in 33% and 6.7% of cases, respectively. Conclusions These findings, if proven, may be indicative of chronic forms, thus guiding more accurate treatments and guiding clinicians through more accurate prognosis.
Bromfenac Eyedrops in the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema: A Pilot Study
Authors: Pinna Antonio , Blasetti Francesco , Ricci Giuseppe D'Amico , Boscia Francesco 
Published: November 2016

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical bromfenac in patients with newly diagnosed diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods In this pilot study including 17 patients with monocular, newly diagnosed DME, diagnosis of DME was established by the detection of retinal thickening at or within 500 μm of the center of the macula on ophthalmoscopic examination, according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study classification. Central macular thickness (CMT) was determined by optical coherence tomography. Bromfenac sodium hydrate 0.9 mg/mL eyedrops were administered in the affected eye twice daily for 30 days. Primary endpoints were changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and CMT at the end of therapy. Results Topical bromfenac significantly reduced mean CMT, from 465.41 ± 118.47 μm at baseline to 388.88 ± 152.63 μm posttreatment (p = 0.02). There was no significant change in BCVA and differences in mean macular volume fell just short of statistical significance (p = 0.06). Treatment was well-tolerated, and there were no topical or systemic side effects. Conclusions Topical bromfenac twice daily may play a role in the reduction of DME. These preliminary results warrant further larger multicenter studies to confirm our findings and establish whether topical bromfenac may be of long-term benefit in the treatment of DME.
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome (Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome)
Authors: Manethova Katerina , Ernest Jan , Hrevus Michal 
Published: November 2016

Purpose To report a case of a 29-year-old man who was examined at the Eye Clinic of Central Military University Hospital Prague for a severe headache and acute blurring of vision in both eyes diagnosed as incomplete Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH). Methods This is a retrospective and descriptive case report based on data from clinical records, patient observation and follow-ups and analysis of acquired diagnostic tests. Results A 29-year-old man presented with headache and decreased vision in his left eye (LE) for 2 days. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both his eyes. Pupillary function, intraocular pressure, results of external segment examinations, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy were normal bilaterally. Right eye funduscopy was normal; in the LE, funduscopy revealed posterior pole exudative retinal detachments. Optical coherence tomography confirmed multiple serous (bullous) retinal detachments and showed thickening of the posterior choroid also revealed by orbital ultrasound. Fluorescein angiography showed angiographic features typical of VKH disease: disseminated spotted choroidal hyperfluorescence and choroidal multifocal hypofluorescence, multifocal profuse leakage in the retina with late phase pooling, serous retinal detachment, and optic disc hyperfluorescence. All serologic tests for the diagnosis of infectious pathologies were negative. Except for severe headache, the patient did not have any neurologic, integumentary, or auditory manifestations. Immediate high-dose systemic corticosteroid treatment was given. Conclusions Despite prompt diagnosis, prompt aggressive systemic therapy, and a rapid response in this case, progressive pigmentary changes of retinal pigment epithelium developed shortly thereafter.
Systematic Screening of Retinopathy in Diabetes (REaD Project): An Italian Implementation Campaign
Authors: Porta Massimo , Boscia Francesco , Lanzetta Paolo , Mannucci Edoardo , Menchini Ugo , Simonelli Francesca 
Published: November 2016

Purpose To evaluate the use of telemedicine retinal screening in Italy and to identify potential elements of implementation of this system. Methods Patients with either new-onset diabetes or no ophthalmologic visit over the previous 2 years and attending 33 referral diabetic centers between mid-April 2013 and mid December 2015 were screened. Two partially overlapping nonstereoscopic 45° digital color images were captured from each eye using a fully automated nonmydriatic digital fundus camera. Factors limiting the assessment of retinopathy were explored. Results Out of 24,473 eligible individuals, 22,466 had complete data. Among them, good-quality images enabling appropriate evaluation of at least one eye were obtained from 19,712 patients (both eyes, n = 18,887). Although nonmydriatic retinographs were provided, 39% of patients were evaluated using mydriasis. The rate of low-quality images in each center was inversely associated with the number of patients assessed. This was more evident for screening in mydriasis: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.79 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-0.82) (p<0.001) vs 0.96 (95% CI 0.94-0.97) (p<0.001). Finally, both the number of patients assessed and use of mydriasis were inversely related to the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR): adjusted OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.92-0.93) (p<0.001) and 0.88 (95% CI 0.82-0.96) (p<0.001), respectively. Conclusions This program confirmed a role for teleophthalmology in the systematic screening of DR and provided important suggestions to improve the system deployed. A high level of training is required for operators to optimize imaging. The role of mydriasis should be evaluated further.
Alterations of Serum Osteocalcin Levels in Patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes
Authors: Wei Wen-Bo , Dang Sha-Jie , Li Yong , Liu Zong-Zhi 
Published: November 2016

Background Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a paediatric form of osteonecrosis that ultimately heals but will cause femoral head and acetabular deformities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the early serum measurement of osteocalcin in children with femoral head necrosis compared with that of healthy children. Methods 20 patients with LCPD (4 girls and 16 boys) and 20 healthy volunteers (5 girls and 15 boys) were enrolled. All patients did not have additional treatment. Blood samples were obtained from all patients pre-operatively in the morning. All cases had hip radiographs. The serum levels of osteocalcin comparisons between the LCPD patients and the healthy volunteers were performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Spearman rank correlation was used to assess correlation between LCPD grade and serum osteocalcin levels. Significance was set at p = 0.05. Results The 20 patients with LCPD (72.75 ± 24.92 ng/ml) had significantly higher serum osteocalcin levels compared with the healthy group (16.80 ± 4.04 ng/ml) (p≤0.01). Serum osteocalcin levels of different LCPD grades were significantly different (Spearman's p = 0.540, p = 0.014). Conclusions We observed a significant correlation between serum osteocalcin levels and LCPD. These results may be meaningful in clinical practice and to future studies.
Posterior Approach to Optimise Patient-Reported Outcome from Revision Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Blackburn Julia , Lim Diana , Harrowell Ian , Parry Michael C. , Blom Ashley W. , Whitehouse Michael R. 
Published: November 2016

Introduction Most total hip arthroplasties (THAs) in the UK are performed through a posterior or lateral surgical approach. We aimed to investigate any difference in outcome from revision THA according to the approach at primary and revision THA surgery. Methods A retrospective cohort study of 205 patients who underwent revision THA for aseptic loosening. Patients rated their pain from 0-10 and completed the Self-Administered Patient Satisfaction Scale (SAPS), Oxford Hip Score (OHS), WOMAC and Short form-12 questionnaires. Results 205 patients (209 hips) from a cohort of 238 patients (243 hips, 86%) were available for analysis. The mean follow-up was 5 years (SD 1.71). Grouping by approach 20% (43/209) had both primary and revision procedures via a lateral approach, 20% (43/209) had their primary surgery via a lateral approach and their revision surgery via a posterior approach, whilst 60% (123/209) had both procedures via a posterior approach. The WOMAC and OHS were significantly better in patients who had a posterior approach for both primary and revision surgery, compared to those that did not (OHS p = 0.028, WOMAC p = 0.026). We found no significant differences in pain, satisfaction or health-related quality of life between the groups. Discussion Choice of approach for revision hip arthroplasty is influenced by a number of factors, but in clinical situations where either a lateral or posterior approach could be used, the posterior approach appears to be associated with better joint-specific outcomes. Registry data may help further explore the associations between surgical approach and the outcome from revision THA.
Acetabular Spacers in 2-Stage Hip Revision: Is it Worth it? A Single-Centre Retrospective Study
Authors: Burastero Giorgio , Basso Marco , Carrega Giuliana , Cavagnaro Luca , Chiarlone Francesco , Salomone Carlo , Papa Gabriele , Felli Lamberto 
Published: November 2016

Purpose The aim of this work is to evaluate an acetabular antibiotic loaded bone cement spacer in 2-stage revision surgery as a potential approach able to reduce complications during the inter-stage period (i.e. dislocation, acetabular wear), as well as simplify 2-stage hip revision surgery and improve hip biomechanics. Methods We performed a retrospective comparative study and evaluated clinical, radiological and surgical data of 71 patients affected by periprosthetic hip infection who were treated with 2-stage exchange. 31 patients were treated using an acetabular spacer in addition to the femoral (group A) while 40 underwent a standard revision surgery (femoral spacer only, group B). Results Mean time of surgery for the first stage was 148 ± 59 minutes and 142 ± 45 minutes for group A and B respectively; we noted a statistically significant reduction (26 min, p = 0.015) in the same parameter for the second stage (83 ± 35 minutes for group A and 109 ± 36 minutes for group B). We observed the following interstage complications: 5 femoral spacer dislocations (1 for group A and 4 for group B); 1 spacer fracture (group B), 1 spacer fracture (group A), 2 periprosthetic fractures (group B) and 2 patients with acetabular spacer instability (group B). Additionally, we observed a significant improvement in leg length restoration for group A (p = 0.03). Conclusions Our data show that the acetabular spacer technique is able to reduce the interstage complication rate and allow improved hip biomechanics restoration.
Outcomes of Total Hip Replacement in Limbs Affected by Poliomyelitis
Authors: Faldini Cesare , De Fine Marcello , Di Martino Alberto , Fabbri Daniele , Borghi Raffaele , Chehrassan Mohammadreza , Traina Francesco 
Published: November 2016

Introduction The outcomes of total hip replacement in patients suffering from residual poliomyelitis are poorly covered in the literature. In this retrospective study we posed the question of whether total hip replacement performed for degenerative hip diseases in limbs with residual poliomyelitis could determine satisfactory mid-term clinical and radiographic results, with a reasonable complication rate. Methods A retrospective study was carried out to assess the results of 14 total hip replacements performed on 14 patients with residual poliomyelitis on the involved limb from June 1999 to September 2011. Average age at the time of surgery was 51 years (range 26-66 years). Mean duration of follow-up was 92 months (range 52-156 months). Surgery was performed through a direct lateral approach on all hips. All but one were cementless implants. Results 2 implants failed, 1 due to traumatic acetabular fracture 6 days after surgery, and 1 due to aseptic cup loosening 13 years after surgery. Surgery was uneventful in all patients except 1 (7%), who experienced a transient sensory sciatic nerve palsy. At the latest follow up Harris Hip Score was 83.3 (range 72-91) with a marked improvement when compared to preoperative score (average 52, range 32-78). No dislocations had occurred. Conclusions Total hip replacement can be considered a feasible option for hip osteoarthritis in patients with limbs affected by residual poliomyelitis. Longer follow-up studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of unconstrained total hip replacement in polio patients.