bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The current state of pediatric drug‐induced sleep endoscopy
Authors: Friedman Norman R. , Parikh Sanjay R. , Ishman Stacey L. , Ruiz Amanda G. , El‐Hakim Hamdy , Ulualp Seckin O. , Wootten Christopher T. , Koltai Peter J. , Chan Dylan K. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives/HypothesisThe purpose of this investigation was to assess current drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) practice patterns at centers that have published on the technique, to identify areas of agreement, and to identify areas of disagreement that may represent opportunities for improvement and standardization.Study DesignMulti‐institutional survey.MethodsA survey was designed in two phases to evaluate preoperative assessment, intraoperative performance, and postoperative management of patients undergoing DISE. The survey was constructed iteratively in consultation with the all of the coauthors, each selected as an expert owing to their previous publication of one or more articles pertaining to pediatric DISE. In the first phase of survey creation, each expert was asked to provide narrative answers to questions pertaining to DISE. These responses served as the basis for a second survey. This second survey was then administered to all pediatric otolaryngologists at each respective institution.ResultsOverall, there was a low rate of agreement (33%) among the respondents; however, there was substantial agreement within institution, particularly for the use of anesthetic medications, the use of cine magnetic resonance imaging, and performance of bronchoscopy along with DISE. There was strong agreement among all respondents for performing DISE in a child with severe obstructive sleep apnea following adenotonsillectomy, regardless of comorbidities.ConclusionThis multi‐institutional survey demonstrated a lack of consensus between experts and multiple opportunities for improvement. In general, there was agreement regarding the workup prior to DISE performance and the endoscopic protocol but disagreement regarding anesthetic protocol and management decisions.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:266–272, 2017
3D scanning as a highly precise, reproducible, and minimally invasive method for surface area and volume measurements of scleractinian corals
Authors: Reichert Jessica , Schellenberg Johannes , Schubert Patrick , Wilke Thomas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTraditional surface area and volume quantification techniques for scleractinian corals are often destructive or inaccurate. Therefore, non‐destructive 3D scanning methods have been applied as minimally invasive alternative. However, it remains largely unknown how the reproducibility of the measurement is affected by the complexity of the coral colonies. It is also unclear how the scanning procedure (handling, exposure to air, and light of the scanner) impacts the corals’ health. In this study, we used a high‐end handheld 3D scanner, which combines a structured‐light with an image‐based approach, to investigate the reproducibility of surface area and volume measurements as well as handling effects. Corals with different shape complexity, covering branching and massive species, were used as model organisms. The variance of repetitive scans ranged from 0.13% to 1.31% for volume and from 0.09% to 0.58% for surface area calculations. Linear regression models indicated that reproducibility decreases with increasing complexity of the coral. Excessive scanning caused an increase or decrease of growth rates, depending on the studied species. However, it did not impair coral health. We conclude that 3D scanning is a highly precise, reproducible, and minimally invasive method for coral surface area and volume measurements, which allows for quick processing of large datasets. Detailed technical recommendations for the application of 3D scanning in coral research are provided in the manuscript.
Large‐Scale X‐Ray Microtomography Analysis of Fiber Orientation in Weld Line of Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic and Related Elasticity Behavior
Authors: Ayadi Abderrahmane , Nouri Hedi , Guessasma Sofiane , Roger Frederic 
Published: June 2016

Large‐scale X‐ray microcomputed tomography (μ‐CT) is used to investigate microstructural features of weld lines in a short glass fiber reinforced polymer. The main originality of this work is related to the evaluation of local structural and mechanical characteristics in zones of unmastered heterogeneities. Complete and incomplete injection molded plates are considered to investigate weld lines with and without process‐induced porosity. Using a helical scanning trajectory, the full 3D microstructure is obtained at centimetric scale to cover a large zone including first contact between colliding fronts at a voxel size of 3 μm. Microstructure analyses show that weld line area is ill‐ordered at the fiber and structure length scales. Near the first contact point, fiber orientations show the signature of vortexes, which mark the presence of repulsive forces. The presence of micrometric porosity is only confirmed in incomplete plates. μ‐CT images are used as inputs to create a full‐scale finite element model for assessing strain localization. Predicted principal strains are compared to digital image correlation measurements performed during uniaxial tensile tests. Full‐scale modeling combined to 3D high‐resolution imaging proves high potential to correlate local fiber heterogeneities with strain localization effects.
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Polydimethylsiloxane Fluidic Device with Polydopamine‐Coated Inner Channel for Production of Uniform Droplets
Authors: Jun Dae‐Ryong , Choi Yu Ri , Kang Rae Hyung , Choi Sung‐Wook 
Published: June 2016

A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)‐based fluidic device with two flow channels is fabricated by using a rapid prototyping method. The PDMS‐based fluidic device is used to produce water‐in‐oil emulsion (W/O) droplets due to its intrinsic hydrophobicity. To produce uniform oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsion droplets, the inner channel of the PDMS fluidic device is coated with polydopamine (PDA) by flowing a dopamine precursor in the water channel of the fluidic device. The PDA coating is confirmed by an increase in morphological roughness and nitrogen content. In addition, the contact angle of the PDMS surface decreases from 95° to 30° during PDA coating, suggesting that the inner surface of the fluidic device is hydrophilic. Uniform W/O and O/W emulsion droplets are produced by the pristine PDMS and PDA‐coated PDMS fluidic devices, respectively.
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Cationic Hydrolytically Degradable Flocculants with Enhanced Water Recovery for Oil Sands Tailings Remediation
Authors: Rooney Thomas R. , Gumfekar Sarang P. , Soares João B. P. , Hutchinson Robin A. 
Published: June 2016

Micellar radical polymerization of a short‐chain polyester macromonomer, polycaprolactone choline iodide ester methacrylate (PCLnChMA), is used to produce a new cationic flocculant that becomes more hydrophobic in response to hydrolytic degradation. The cationic tips of the comb‐like poly(PCL3ChMA) accelerate the settling rate of oil sands tailings, while partial hydrolysis of the polyester grafts reveals the hydrophobic segments that reduce capillary suction time by 30%. This technology combines the material properties of polyesters with the productivity of radical polymerization to make dual functional flocculants with characteristics that can be easily tuned to control flocculation performance, such as polymeric cation density, hydrophobic content, and polymer architecture.
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Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Kim Han‐Joon , Jeon Beomseok , Fung Victor S.C. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundMultiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disorder without effective disease‐modifying therapies. Because of a lack of reliable diagnostic biomarkers, there has been increasing interest in using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to improve the diagnostic accuracy of MSA.MethodsThis review summarizes recent literatures on the role of MRI in the diagnosis of MSA.ResultsSeveral MRI abnormalities on conventional MRI already are included in the current diagnostic criteria for MSA. Other features on conventional MRI are also used to make a diagnosis of MSA or to rule out alternative diagnoses. On the other hand, some of the MRI findings that were previously considered suggestive of a diagnosis of MSA are now being challenged, because it turned out that they were not as specific to MSA as previously thought. More advanced MRI modalities, including susceptibility‐weighted imaging, diffusion‐weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, voxel‐based morphometry, and cortical thickness analysis, are now used to study the changes in the brains of patients with MSA. Furthermore, studies have produced promising results demonstrating the use of MRI as a tool for monitoring and assessing disease progression in MSA.ConclusionsMRI is useful and indispensable in the diagnosis of MSA and also possibly for monitoring disease progression. In this regard, well‐designed, long‐term, prospective studies on large numbers of patients are needed.
Apoptosis in young and old denervated rat skeletal muscle
Authors: Lee Gangpyo , Lim Jae‐Young , Frontera Walter R. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: We investigated the apoptotic response to different degrees of denervation in young and older rats randomized into control (C), partial (PD), and complete denervation (CD) of muscles innervated by the sciatic nerve. Methods: Muscle wet weight to body weight (MWW/BW), myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms, and fiber cross‐sectional area were determined in gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Apoptotic responses were determined by changes in myonuclei and expression of Bcl‐2 and BAX. Results: PD and CD resulted in significant reductions in MWW/BW and FCSA in both young and older rats. Older controls had greater apoptotic responses than young controls. Apoptotic responses were greater in PD and CD than in C in both age groups. No statistical interaction between denervation and age group was seen. Conclusions: Older age was associated with increased level of apoptosis, but older muscle was not more vulnerable to the effect of denervation. Muscle Nerve 55: 262–269, 2017
Wiener Impressionen
Authors: Hauthal Hermann G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDie gemeinsame Veranstaltung der 26. Hauptversammlung der GDCh und der 100‐Jahr‐Feier der GÖCH in Wien war ein voller Erfolg. In dem Bericht werden außer einer Skizze des Gesamtablaufs und einer Information über die GÖCH einige Eindrücke vom Symposium über nachwachsende Rohstoffe vermittelt, das ähnlich wie „Neue Materialien”︁ und „Lebensqualität”︁ eine der Leitlinien der Tagung darstellte.
Latentwärmespeicher
Authors: Baumann Hendrik , Heckenkamp Jutta 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDie Thermodynamik von Phasenumwandlungen bietet die Möglichkeit, Wärmeenergie kostengünstig zu speichern und bei Bedarf wieder freizusetzen. Ein erstes Beispiel für die Umsetzung dieses Konzepts in ein marktfähiges Produkt stellt die Entwicklung eines Latentwärmespeichers für Kraftfahrzeuge dar.
Kontrolleure für das Chemiewaffenübereinkommen
Authors: Männig Detlef 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDas Chemiewaffenübereinkommen ist wegen der Melde‐ und Inspektionsverpflichtungen auch für die zivile chemische Industrie von großer Bedeutung. Um eine reibungslose Umsetzung zu ermöglichen, haben Unternehmen der deutschen chemischen Industrie bei der Ausbildung der künftigen Inspektoren mitgeholfen.
Die Royals kamen – Anorganische Chemie in Marburg
Authors: Metzler‐Nolte Nils 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNeue Methoden für die Untersuchung von Festkörpern und Oberflächen, theoretische Weiterentwicklungen, die Aktivierung der C‐F‐Bindung und gesteuertes Kristallwachstum waren Schwerpunkte des vierten deutsch‐englischen Anorganiker‐Treffens in Marburg. Das biennale Symposium wird 1999 wieder in Brighton stattfinden.
F&E bei Merck: Pharma
Authors: Lues Inge , Schmitges Claus‐J. , Raddatz Peter 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMit „Genomics”︁, kombinatorischer Chemie und Hochdurchsatzscreening treibt Merck die präklinische Forschung voran, um auf den Gebieten Herz‐Kreislauf, Zentrales Nervensystem, Onkologie und Diabetes innovative Substanzen für die Entwicklung bereitzustellen.
A reduced order model‐based preconditioner for the efficient solution of transient diffusion equations
Authors: Pasetto Damiano , Ferronato Massimiliano , Putti Mario 
Published: June 2016

SummaryThis paper presents a novel class of preconditioners for the iterative solution of the sequence of symmetric positive‐definite linear systems arising from the numerical discretization of transient parabolic and self‐adjoint partial differential equations. The preconditioners are obtained by nesting appropriate projections of reduced‐order models into the classical iteration of the preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG). The main idea is to employ the reduced‐order solver to project the residual associated with the conjugate gradient iterations onto the space spanned by the reduced bases. This approach is particularly appealing for transient systems where the full‐model solution has to be computed at each time step. In these cases, the natural reduced space is the one generated by full‐model solutions at previous time steps. When increasing the size of the projection space, the proposed methodology highly reduces the system conditioning number and the number of PCG iterations at every time step. The cost of the application of the preconditioner linearly increases with the size of the projection basis, and a trade‐off must be found to effectively reduce the PCG computational cost. The quality and efficiency of the proposed approach is finally tested in the solution of groundwater flow models. © 2016 The Authors. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Vena cava compression syndrome in patients with obesity presenting with edema and thrombosis
Authors: Linicus Yvonne , Kindermann Ingrid , Cremers Bodo , Maack Christoph , Schirmer Stephan , Böhm Michael 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveObesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and venous thrombosis. Previous studies have shown that in late pregnancy a compression of the inferior vena cava (VCI) leads to a hypotensive syndrome. The objective of this study was to explore the correlation between obesity and an elevated pressure in the VCI simulating obesity‐induced vena cava compression syndrome.MethodsA left and right heart catheterization was performed in 29 patients. After right atrial pressure measurement, the catheter was pulled back through the VCI, and the pressure gradient between the thoracic and abdominal vena cava was measured. We determined the correlation between the BMI and the pressure gradient.ResultsIn 29 patients, a high BMI was associated with an increased pressure gradient between the thoracic and abdominal vena cava (r = 0.66). This correlation was particularly close in patients with a BMI >30 kg/m2 (P = 0.0008). Two patients had complications such as recurrent thrombosis, with one of them having the highest pressure gradient of 16 mm Hg.ConclusionsBecause mechanical obstruction of the VCI leads to an increased risk for venous thrombosis in patients with obesity, this finding needs to be considered in the decision‐making for interventional treatments like bariatric surgery.
Facile Separation of 5‐O‐Galloylquinic Acid from Chinese Green Tea Extract using Mesoporous Zirconium Phosphate
Authors: Ma Yilong , Shang Yafang , Zhu Danye , Wang Caihong , Zhong Zhifeng , Xu Ziyang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIntroduction5‐O‐Galloylquinic acid from green tea and other plants is attracting increasing attention for its antioxidant and antileishmanial bioactivities. It is always isolated using a silica column, a Sephadex column and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods, which are either laborious or instrument dependent.ObjectiveTo develop a new method to easily separate 5‐O‐galloylquinic acid.MethodologyMesoporous zirconium phosphate (m‐ZrP) was prepared to conveniently separate 5‐O‐galloylquinic acid from Chinese green tea extract, and the target compound was easily obtained by simple steps of adsorption, washing and desorption. The effects of the green tea extraction conditions, extract concentrations, and m‐ZrP adsorption/desorption dynamics on the 5‐O‐galloylquinic acid separation were evaluated.Results5‐O‐Galloylquinic acid that was separated from a 70% ethanol extract of green tea was of moderate HPLC purity (92%) and recovery (88%), and an increased non‐specific binding of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on m‐ZrP was observed in the diluted tea extract. The times for maximal adsorption of 5‐O‐galloylquinic acid in 70% ethanol extract and maximal desorption of 5‐O‐galloylquinic acid in 0.4% phosphoric acid solution were confirmed as 7 h and 5 h, respectively.ConclusionA facile method to separate 5‐O‐galloylquinic acid from Chinese green tea extract using m‐ZrP was established. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of Alkaloids in Stephania hainanensis by Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time‐of‐flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: He Jiayong , Liu Ying , Kang Yun , Yang Ping , Wang Yaqin , Guo Jixian , Huang Jianming 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIntroductionPlants in the genus Stephania can produce diverse bioactive alkaloids. Stephania hainanensis is a medicinal plant that contains effective alkaloids. However, only 10 alkaloids have been reported in this species.ObjectiveTo characterise the alkaloids in Stephania hainanensis using liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐QTOF‐MS/MS).MethodsAn LC‐QTOF‐MS/MS method was developed for structural characterisation of the alkaloids in Stephania hainanensis. The chromatographic separation was performed on a phenyl column with gradient elution, and the tandem mass spectra were obtained by using an electrospray ionisation (ESI) interface in positive ionisation mode. Compound identification was based on the exact masses, fragmentation pathways, retention behaviours and related botanical biogenesis.ResultsA total of 37 tetrahydroprotoberberine‐, quaternary protoberberine‐, aporphine‐, proaporphine‐, benzylisoquinoline‐ or bisbenzylisoquinoline‐type alkaloids were identified or tentatively identified in a single LC run. Twenty‐seven of these alkaloids, including the benzylisoquinoline‐type of alkaloids, have not been previously reported in Stephania hainanensis. The possible fragmentation pathways of different types of alkaloids were proposed. Besides the general fragmentations, the characteristic losses of CH3N = CH2 were observed for the benzylisoquinoline and aporphine alkaloids with two methyl groups on the nitrogen.ConclusionThe LC‐QTOF‐MS/MS method enabled profiling and rational, but tentative, identification of diverse alkaloids in Stephania hainanensis. The results obtained may be helpful for understanding the bioactivity of S. hainanensis and evaluating the quality of this plant. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cooperative Halogen Bond, Tetrel Bond and Van Der Waals Interaction Coexisting in the CO2, CO and XY (X=Cl, Br; Y=F, Cl, Br) Trimeric Complexes
Authors: Yang Xing , Zhou Pan‐Pan , Yang Fan , Zhou Da‐Gang , Yan Chao‐Xian , Zheng Pei‐Jun , Dai Yang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA series of four‐membered ring‐shaped molecular complexes formed by CO2, CO and XY (X=Cl, Br; Y=F, Cl, Br) molecules have been investigated at the moderate M06‐2X/6‐311++G(2d,2p) level of theory, in which these molecules interact with each other via halogen bond, tetrel bond and van der Waals interaction. The optimized geometry, stretching mode and interaction energy have been obtained and discussed. Molecular electrostatic potential and the contour maps of Laplacian ∇2ρwere used to reveal the formation mechanisms of these complexes. The cooperativity was found in these complexes because their interaction energies are stronger than the sum of the pair interaction energies. The electrostatic force was believed to be the main net contribution to the stability of these complexes. The simultaneous interactions involving CO2, CO and dihalogen molecules in these complexes would provide insight into the CO2and CO fixation via noncovalent interactions.
Lung size and liver herniation predict need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation but not pulmonary hypertension in isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Russo F. M. , Eastwood M. P. , Keijzer R. , Al‐Maary J. , Toelen J. , Van Mieghem T. , Deprest J. A. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo identify antenatal predictors of persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPH) and the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).MethodsWe performed a systematic literature review on antenatal diagnostic tests in fetuses with isolated CDH. The primary outcomes assessed were PPH within 28 days of age and the need for ECMO. Quality of studies was assessed with the QUADAS‐2 tool. Meta‐analysis was performed when at least three studies reported on the same test. Sensitivity analysis was performed according to prenatal management of CDH (tracheal occlusion vs expectant management).ResultsThirty‐eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen reported on the incidence of PPH only, 19 on the need for ECMO only and four reported on both outcomes. The general quality of the studies was moderate; most studies were retrospective (61%) and single‐center series (92%). One study included only fetuses undergoing tracheal occlusion, 22 included only fetuses managed expectantly in utero and 15 included both populations. We could not identify antenatal predictors of PPH. The need for ECMO was predicted by parameters indicative of lung size: lung‐to‐head ratio (LHR) (relative risk (RR) for LHR < 1, 1.65 (95% CI, 1.27–2.14)) and observed/expected LHR (standardized mean difference (SMD), –0.70 (95% CI, –0.98 to –0.42)) measured by ultrasound and observed/expected total lung volume (SMD, –1.00 (95% CI, –1.52 to –0.48)) measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Liver herniation was also associated with an increased risk of need for ECMO (RR, 3.04 (95% CI, 2.23–4.14)). These results were confirmed by a sensitivity analysis of studies that included only expectantly managed cases. Data on vascular assessment for the prediction of PPH could not be pooled as most of the parameters were evaluated in a single series or in different series by the same principal investigator.ConclusionsIn fetuses with CDH, lung size and liver herniation predict the need for ECMO, however a predictor for PPH is still lacking. Further studies aimed at diagnosing impaired vascular development in utero should therefore be undertaken. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Toward RNA nanoparticle vaccines: synergizing RNA and inorganic nanoparticles to achieve immunopotentiation
Authors: DeLong Robert K. , Curtis Chandler B. 
Published: June 2016

Traditionally, vaccines have been composed of live attenuated or killed microorganisms. Alternatively, individual protein subunits or other molecular components of the microorganism can serve as the antigen and trigger an antibody response by the immune system. The immune system is a coordinated molecular and cellular response that works in concert to check the spread of infection. In the past decade, there has been much progress on DNA vaccines. DNA vaccination includes using the coding segments of a viral or bacterial genome to generate an immune response. However, the potential advantage of combining an RNA molecule with inorganic nanoparticle delivery should be considered, with the goal to achieve immuno‐synergy between the two and to overcome some of the current limitations of DNA vaccines and traditional vaccines. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1415. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1415This article is categorized under:

Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid-Based Structures
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease