bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Epithelial‐to‐Mesenchymal Transition‐Like Process in Glioblastoma: An Updated Systematic Review and In Silico Investigation
Authors: Iser Isabele C. , Pereira Mariana B. , Lenz Guido , Wink Márcia R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain cancer due to its highly invasive nature that impedes the surgical removal of all tumor cells, making relapse inevitable. However, the mechanisms used by glioma cells to invade the surrounding tissue are still unclear. In this context, epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) has emerged as a key regulator of this invasive state and although the real relevance of this program in malignant glioma is still controversial, it has been strongly associated with GBM malignancy. EMT is a very complex process regulated by several families of transcriptional factors through many signaling pathways that form a network that allows cancer cells to acquire invasive properties and penetrate the neighboring stroma, resulting in the formation of an advantageous microenvironment for cancer progression and metastasis. In this systematic review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of EMT including EMT‐factors, drug resistance, miRNA, and new therapeutic strategies. In addition, we address controversial questions about mesenchymal shift in GBMs with a bioinformatics analysis to show that in terms of epithelial and mesenchymal phenotype, the majority of GBMs samples analyzed have a profile more mesenchymal than epithelial. If induced, this phenotype can be shifted toward an even more mesenchymal phenotype in an EMT‐like process in glioma cells. A better understanding of the molecular regulation of the EMT during tumor spreading will help to provide potential therapeutic interventions to target this program when treating GBM.
A mixed methods approach to improving recruitment and engagement of emerging adults in behavioural weight loss programs
Authors: LaRose J. G. , Guthrie K. M. , Lanoye A. , Tate D. F. , Robichaud E. , Caccavale L. J. , Wing R. R. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryObjectiveEmerging adults ages 18–25 are at high risk for obesity, but are markedly underrepresented in behavioural weight loss (BWL) programs and experience lower engagement and retention relative to older adults.PurposeTo utilize a mixed methods approach to inform future efforts to effectively recruit and engage this high‐risk population in BWL programs.MethodsWe used a convergent parallel design in which quantitative and qualitative data were given equal priority. Study 1 (N = 137, age = 21.8 + 2.2, BMI = 30.1 + 4.7) was a quantitative survey, conducted online to reduce known barriers and minimize bias. Study 2 (N = 7 groups, age = 22.3 + 2.2, BMI = 31.5 + 4.6) was a qualitative study, consisting of in person focus groups to gain greater depth and identify contextual factors unable to be captured in Study 1.ResultsWeight loss was of interest, but weight itself was not a central motivation; an emphasis on overall lifestyle, self‐improvement and fitness emerged as driving factors. Key barriers were time, motivation and money. Recruitment processes should be primarily online with messages tailored specifically to motivations and preferences of this age group. Preferences for a program were reduced intensity and brief, hybrid format with some in‐person contact, individual level coaching, experiential learning and peer support. Key methods of promoting engagement and retention were autonomy and choice, money and creating an optimal default.ConclusionsAn individually tailored lifestyle intervention that addresses a spectrum of health behaviours, promotes autonomy and emphasizes activity and fitness may facilitate recruitment and engagement in this population better than traditional BWL protocols.
Multiple unusual lung etiologies in a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Bechtel Allison , Joyce Michael , Dudek Christopher J. , Sarandria John J. , Shah Chetan , Saad Ali G. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGranulomatous lung disease is a rare and perplexing differential in pediatrics. Pulmonary Cryptococcus falls into the differential but is not high on the list, particularly in a non‐AIDS patient. Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used agent for chemotherapy in oncology and has been documented to cause lung injury in both patients with rheumatologic and oncologic diseases. Our patient had chronic cough and then developed an opportunistic infection resulting in respiratory failure. Lung biopsy showed two underlying unusual diagnoses: MTX lung injury and cryptococcal pneumonia. His case is presented with particular attention to his prolonged road to diagnosis.
Risk factors for bacteremia and central line–associated blood stream infections in children with acute myelogenous leukemia: A single‐institution report
Authors: Rogers Ashley E. J. , Eisenman Kristen M. , Dolan Susan A. , Belderson Kristin M. , Zauche Jocelyn R. , Tong Suhong , Gralla Jane , Hilden Joanne M. , Wang Michael , Maloney Kelly W. , Dominguez Samuel R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundCentral line–associated blood stream infections (CLABSIs) are a source of high morbidity and mortality in children with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).ProcedureTo understand the epidemiology and risk factors associated with the development of CLABSI in children with AML.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all patients with AML over a 5‐year period between 2007 and 2011 at the Children's Hospital Colorado. Cases and controls were classified on the basis of the presence of a CLABSI as defined by the National Healthcare Safety Network.ResultsOf 40 patients in the study, 25 (62.5%) developed at least one CLABSI during therapy. The majority of CLABSIs were due to oral or gastrointestinal organisms (83.0%). Skin organisms accounted for 8.5%. In a multivariable analysis, the strongest risk factors associated with CLABSI were diarrhea (odds ratio [OR] 6.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6–28.7), receipt of blood products in the preceding 4–7 days (OR 10.0, 95%CI 3.2–31.0), not receiving antibiotics (OR 8.3, 95%CI 2.8–25.0), and chemotherapy cycle (OR 3.5, 95%CI 1.4–8.9). CLABSIs led to increased morbidity, with 13 cases (32.5%) versus two controls (1.9%) requiring transfer to the pediatric intensive care unit (P < 0.001). Three (7.5%) of 40 CLABSI events resulted in or contributed to death.ConclusionsIntensified line care efforts cannot eliminate all CLABSIs in the patients with AML. Exploring the role of mucosal barrier breakdown and/or the use of antibiotic prophylaxis may be effective strategies for further prevention of CLABSIs, supporting ongoing trials in this patient population.
Environmentally Friendly Effluent Treatment Approaches of Dihydroxyl Ammonium 5,5′‐Bistetrazole‐1,1′‐Diolate (TKX‐50)
Authors: Badgujar Dilip , Kulkarni Kiran , Sarwade Desai , Kumar Nitin , Talawar Mahadev 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe Indian Environmental Protection Act (EPA) came into force in 1986 after Bhopal Gas Tragedy. It stipulates that no person or industry or processor shall discharge or emit environmental pollutants in excess of prescribed standards. Dihydroxyl ammonium 5,5′‐bistetrazole‐1,1′‐diolate, abbreviated as TKX‐50, was synthesized in this laboratory. During synthesis of TKX‐50 a large volume of effluent was generated, which was acidic and hazardous in nature and therefore can damage the environment if discharged without proper treatment. Literature survey reveals that TKX‐50 effluent analysis and its treatment have not been reported so far. In order to meet EPA norms and protect the environment TKX effluent samples of different steps of synthesis were collected and analyzed for environmental parameters such as pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), bio‐chemical oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS) and bioassay test (toxicity to zebra fish survival) followed by the treatment of composite effluent. This paper presents analysis results of TKX‐50 effluent samples before and after treatment. The results of finally treated TKX‐50 effluent indicate that the same can be safely discharged on land for irrigation without adverse effect on environment. This study may be suitable for environmentalists and community of high energy materials.
Identifying N‐terminal peptides by a combination of the edman procedures with a bromine isotope tag: Application to the silicateins
Authors: Fedorova G. A. , Korneva E. S. , Belikova A. S. , Grachev M. A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSilicateins are proteins found within spicules of siliceous sponges. They are analogs of proteinases cathepsins; they catalyze the transformation of silicic acid esters into biogenic silica (SiO2·nH2O), and are believed to take part in the processes of silicification in marine and freshwater sponges. Earlier studies by Kalyuzhnaya et al. revealed that the Baikal Sponge Lubomirskia baicalensis Pallas, 1773 (L. baicalensis) contains a gene 1988 bp long, which hosts four sequences that encode four mRNAs giving rise to silicateins α1, α2, α3 and α4 (SILα1, SILα2, SILα3, SILα4) whose predicted amino acid sequences are similar to those of the predicted sequences of marine sponge silicateins. However, the sequences of mature silicateins of L. baicalensis remained unknown, since their N‐terminal peptides were not identified. We found the sequences of these N‐terminal peptides using a combination of the Edman procedure, which involved reaction with phenylisothiocyanate, treatment with trifluoroacetic acid and trypsinolysis followed by treatment with 4‐bromine‐phenylisothiocyanate performed directly within polyacrylamide gel bands, and subsequent mass spectrometry. The N‐terminal peptides are YAESIDWR (SILα1), YVDSIDWR (SILα2 and α4), and YADSLDWR (SILα3). All mature silicateins of L. baicalensis had a length 217 amino acid residues.
Characterization of the universal stress protein F from atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and its prevalence in Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: de Souza Cristiane S. , Torres Alfredo G. , Caravelli Andressa , Silva Anderson , Polatto Juliana M. , Piazza Roxane M. F. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAtypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) are heterogeneous strains in terms of serotypes, adherence patterns and the presence of novel virulence factors. This heterogeneity is intriguing, promoting studies trying to characterize these novel proteins and to better comprehend this pathotype group. In a previous study analyzing low‐molecular mass proteomes of four representative aEPEC strains of three different adhesion phenotypes, we classified proteins according to their annotated function, with most of them being involved in metabolism and transport; while some of them were classified as hypothetical proteins. The majority of the hypothetical proteins were homologue products of genes identified in the genome of enterohemorrhagic E. coli. One of the hypothetical proteins was annotated as Z2335, with orthologue in EPEC, and by bioinformatics analysis, this protein was revealed to be the universal stress protein F (UspF). Thus, herein we successfully obtained a recombinant UspF protein from aEPEC, which is a α/β, ATP‐binding protein involved in stress response, with comparable protein production among the four studied strains, but showing noteworthy differences when cultivated in different stress conditions, also present in other enterobacterial species, such as Shigella sonnei and Citrobacter freundii. Furthermore, our results confirm that the Usp protein superfamily encompasses a conserved group of proteins involved in stress resistance in aEPEC and other Enterobacteriaceae.
Ritz variational calculation for the singly excited states of compressed two‐electron atoms
Authors: Saha Jayanta K. , Bhattacharyya Sukhamoy , Mukherjee Tapan K. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA detailed analysis on the effect of spherical impenetrable confinement on the structural properties of two‐electron ions in
states has been performed. The energy values of 1sns [
] (
) states of helium‐like ions (
) are estimated within the framework of Ritz variational method using explicitly correlated Hylleraas‐type basis sets. The correlated wave functions used here are consistent with the finite boundary conditions due to spherical confinement. A comparative study between the singlet and triplet states originating from a particular electronic configuration shows incidental degeneracy and the subsequent level‐crossing phenomena. The thermodynamic pressure felt by the ion inside the sphere pushes the energy levels toward continuum. Critical pressures for the transition to strong confinement regime (where the singly excited two‐electron energy levels cross the corresponding one‐electron threshold) as well as for the complete destabilization are also estimated.
Astronomical complex organic molecules: Quantum chemistry meets rotational spectroscopy
Authors: Puzzarini Cristina 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAstrochemistry is an interdisciplinary field involving chemistry, physics, and astronomy, which encompasses astronomical observations, modeling, as well as theoretical and experimental laboratory investigations. In the frame of the latter, this contribution provides an overview on the computational approaches supporting and complementing rotational spectroscopy experiments applied to astrochemical studies. The focus is on the computational strategies that permit accurate computations of structural and rotational parameters as well as of energetics and on their application to case studies, with particular emphasis on the so‐called “astronomical complex” organic molecules.
Climate–vegetation–fire interactions and feedbacks: trivial detail or major barrier to projecting the future of the Earth system?
Authors: Harris Rebecca M. B. , Remenyi Tomas A. , Williamson Grant J. , Bindoff Nathaniel L. , Bowman David M. J. S. 
Published: September 2016

Fire is a complex process involving interactions and feedbacks between biological, socioeconomic, and physical drivers across multiple spatial and temporal scales. This complexity limits our ability to incorporate fire into Earth system models and project future fire activity under climate change. Conceptual, empirical, and process models have identified the mechanisms and processes driving fire regimes, and provide a useful basis to consider future fire activity. However, these models generally deal with only one component of fire regimes, fire frequency, and do not incorporate feedbacks between fire, vegetation, and climate. They are thus unable to predict the location, severity or timing of fires, the socioecological impacts of fire regime change, or potential non‐linear responses such as biome shifts into alternative stable states. Dynamic modeling experiments may facilitate more thorough investigations of fire–vegetation–climate feedbacks and interactions, but their success will depend on the development of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) that more accurately represent biological drivers. This requires improvements in the representation of current vegetation, plant responses to fire, ecological dynamics, and land management to capture the mechanisms behind fire frequency, intensity, and timing. DGVMs with fire modules are promising tools to develop a globally consistent analysis of fire activity, but projecting future fire activity will ultimately require a transdisciplinary synthesis of the biological, atmospheric, and socioeconomic drivers of fire. This is an important goal because fire causes substantial economic disruption and contributes to future climate change through its influence on albedo and the capacity of the biosphere to store carbon. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:910–931. doi: 10.1002/wcc.428This article is categorized under:

Climate Models and Modeling > Model Components
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Evaluating Future Impacts of Climate Change
Climate, Ecology, and Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes
Pancreaticobiliary Maljunctions in European Patients with Bile Duct Cysts: Results of the Multicenter Study of the French Surgical Association (AFC)
Authors: Ragot Emilia , Mabrut Jean‐Yves , Ouaïssi Mehdi , Sauvanet Alain , Dokmak Safi , Nuzzo Gennaro , Halkic Nermin , Dubois Remi , Létoublon Christian , Cherqui Daniel , Azoulay Daniel , Irtan Sabine , Boudjema Karim , Pruvot François‐René , Gigot Jean‐François , Kianmanesh Reza ,   Working Group of the French Surgical Association, Adham Mustapha , Doussot Alexandre , Branchereau Sophie , Ayav Ahmet , Balladur Pierre , Adam René , Troisi Roberto I. , Regimbeau Jean Marc‐Amiens , Majno Pietro , Sommacale Daniele , Bouzid Chafik , Falconi Massimo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundPancreaticobiliary maljunctions (PBMs) are congenital anomalies of the junction between pancreatic and bile ducts, frequently associated with bile duct cyst (BDC). BDC is congenital biliary tree diseases that are characterized by distinctive dilatation types of the extra‐ and/or intrahepatic bile ducts. Todani’s types I and IVa, in which dilatation involves principally the main bile duct, are the most frequent. PBM induces pancreatic juice reflux into the biliary tract that is supposed to be one of the main factors of biliary cancer degeneration, although the diagnostic criteria of PBM that can be either morphological and/or functional are not well defined especially in Western series.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the relative prevalence of PBM in BDC in a large European multicenter study, to analyze the characteristics of PBM and try to propose diagnostic criteria of PBMs based on morphological and/or functional criteria and define the positive, negative predictive values, sensibility and specificity of either criteria.ResultsFrom 1975 to 2012, 263 patients with BDC were analyzed. Among them, 190 (72.2 %) were considered to present PBM. Types I and IVa had a similar rate of PBM association. According to the “AFC classification,” 57.2 % had a C–P type, 34.5 % a P–C type and 8.3 % a complex type (“anse‐de‐seau”). The median length of the common channel in patients with PBM was 15.8 ± 6.8 mm (range 5–40 mm). The median intrabiliary amylase and lipase levels were 65,249 and 172,104 UI/L, respectively. For the diagnostic of PBM, a common channel length of more than 8 mm and an intrabiliary amylase level superior to 8000 UI/L were associated with a predictive positive value and a specificity of more than 90 %. Synchronous biliary cancer had an incidence of 8.7 % in all patients with BDC and PBM 11.1 % in adults. Compared to type IV, the type I BDC was associated with statistically more cancer patients in the presence of PBM.ConclusionsCharacteristics of PBM associated with BDC in Western population are quite close to reported Eastern series. The results suggest considering both the intrabiliary value of amylase >8000 UI/L and a length of a common channel >8 mm as appropriate values for positive diagnosis of PBM.
Comparison of Oleo‐ vs Petro‐Sourcing of Fatty Alcohols via Cradle‐to‐Gate Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Shah Jignesh , Arslan Erdem , Cirucci John , O'Brien Julie , Moss Dave 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAlcohol ethoxylates surfactants are produced via ethoxylation of fatty alcohol (FA) with ethylene oxide. The source of FA could be either palm kernel oil (PKO) or petrochemicals. The study aimed to compare the potential environmental impacts for PKO‐derived FA (PKO‐FA) and petrochemicals‐derived FA (petro‐FA). Cradle‐to‐gate life cycle assessment has been performed for this purpose because it enables understanding of the impacts across the life cycle and impact categories. The results show that petro‐FA has overall lower average greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (∼2.97 kg CO2e) compared to PKO‐FA (∼5.27 kg CO2e). (1) The practices in land use change for palm plantations, (2) end‐of‐life treatment for palm oil mill wastewater effluent and (3) end‐of‐life treatment for empty fruit bunches are the three determining factors for the environmental impacts of PKO‐FA. For petro‐FA, n‐olefin production, ethylene production and thermal energy production are the main factors. We found the judicious decisions on land use change, effluent treatment and solid waste treatment are key to making PKO‐FA environmentally sustainable. The sensitivity results show the broad distribution for PKO‐FA due to varying practices in palm cultivation. PKO‐FA has higher impacts on average for 12 out of 18 impact categories evaluated. For the base case, when accounted for uncertainty and sensitivity analyses results, the study finds that marine eutrophication, agricultural land occupation, natural land occupation, fossil depletion, particulate matter formation, and water depletion are affected by the sourcing decision. The sourcing of FA involves trade‐offs and depends on the specific practices through the PKO life cycle from an environmental impact perspective.
Coalescence Behavior of Pure and Natural Fat Droplets Characterized via Micromanipulation
Authors: Thiel A. E. , Hartel R. W. , Spicer P. T. , Hendrickson K. J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractFor two approaching oil droplets, a region of arrested coalescence lies between full coalescence and total stability. Here the fusion of two droplets begins, but they are stopped from fully relaxing into one spherical droplet. The internal rigidity of the solid fat network within each droplet can provide the resistance necessary to arrest the shape change driven by Laplace pressure. These intermediate doublet structures lead to the partially‐coalesced fat networks important for the desired physical properties of ice cream and whipped topping. The use of micromanipulation techniques allows coalescence events between two oil droplets to be microscopically observed. In this study, oil droplets composed of different fats were manipulated at varying elastic moduli, interfacial tension, and radii. It was seen that increasing the elastic moduli of the droplets or increasing droplet radii resulted in coalescence being arrested earlier. Under these experimental conditions, different interfacial tensions did not change the coalescence behavior between two oil droplets.