bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sorghum Dw2 Encodes a Protein Kinase Regulator of Stem Internode Length
Authors: Hilley Josie L. , Weers Brock D. , Truong Sandra K. , McCormick Ryan F. , Mattison Ashley J. , McKinley Brian A. , Morishige Daryl T. , Mullet John E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSorghum is an important C4 grass crop grown for grain, forage, sugar, and bioenergy production. While tall, late flowering landraces are commonly grown in Africa, short early flowering varieties were selected in US grain sorghum breeding programs to reduce lodging and to facilitate machine harvesting. Four loci have been identified that affect stem length (Dw1-Dw4). Subsequent research showed thatDw3encodes an ABCB1 auxin transporter andDw1encodes a highly conserved protein involved in the regulation of cell proliferation. In this study,Dw2was identified by fine-mapping and further confirmed by sequencing theDw2alleles in Dwarf Yellow Milo and Double Dwarf Yellow Milo, the progenitor genotypes where the recessive allele ofdw2originated. TheDw2locus was determined to correspond to Sobic.006G067700, a gene that encodes a protein kinase that is homologous to KIPK, a member of the AGCVIII subgroup of the AGC protein kinase family in Arabidopsis.
Selective mass enhancement close to the quantum critical point in BaFe2(As1−x
P
x
)2
Authors: Grinenko V. , Iida K. , Kurth F. , Efremov D. V. , Drechsler S.-L. , Cherniavskii I. , Morozov I. , Hänisch J. , Förster T. , Tarantini C. , Jaroszynski J. , Maiorov B. , Jaime M. , Yamamoto A. , Nakamura I. , Fujimoto R. , Hatano T. , Ikuta H. , Hühne R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA quantum critical point (QCP) is currently being conjectured for the BaFe2(As1−x
P
x
)2 system at the critical value x
c
≈ 0.3. In the proximity of a QCP, all thermodynamic and transport properties are expected to scale with a single characteristic energy, given by the quantum fluctuations. Such a universal behavior has not, however, been found in the superconducting upper critical field Hc2. Here we report Hc2 data for epitaxial thin films extracted from the electrical resistance measured in very high magnetic fields up to 67 Tesla. Using a multi-band analysis we find that Hc2 is sensitive to the QCP, implying a significant charge carrier effective mass enhancement at the doping-induced QCP that is essentially band-dependent. Our results point to two qualitatively different groups of electrons in BaFe2(As1−x
P
x
)2. The first one (possibly associated to hot spots or whole Fermi sheets) has a strong mass enhancement at the QCP, and the second one is insensitive to the QCP. The observed duality could also be present in many other quantum critical systems.
Extracellular matrix promotes clathrin-dependent endocytosis of prolactin and STAT5 activation in differentiating mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Bridgewater Rebecca E. , Streuli Charles H. , Caswell Patrick T. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe hormone prolactin promotes lactational differentiation of mammary epithelial cells (MECs) via its cognate receptor and the downstream JAK2-STAT5a signalling pathway. In turn this regulates transcription of milk protein genes. Prolactin signalling depends on a cross-talk with basement membrane extracellular matrix (ECM) via β1 integrins which activate both ILK and Rac1 and are required for STAT5a activation and lactational differentiation. Endocytosis is an important regulator of signalling. It can both enhance and suppress cytokine signalling, although the role of endocytosis for prolactin signalling is not known. Here we show that clathrin-mediated endocytosis is required for ECM-dependent STAT5 activation. In the presence of ECM, prolactin is internalised via a clathrin-dependent, but caveolin-independent, route. This occurs independently from JAK2 and Rac signalling, but is required for full phosphorylation and activation of STAT5. Prolactin is internalised into early endosomes, where the master early endosome regulator Rab5b promotes STAT5 phosphorylation. These data reveal a novel role for ECM-driven endocytosis in the positive regulation of cytokine signalling.
Coherent scatter-controlled phase-change grating structures in silicon using femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Fuentes-Edfuf Yasser , Garcia-Lechuga Mario , Puerto Daniel , Florian Camilo , Garcia-Leis Adianez , Sanchez-Cortes Santiago , Solis Javier , Siegel Jan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPeriodic structures of alternating amorphous-crystalline fringes have been fabricated in silicon using repetitive femtosecond laser exposure (800 nm wavelength and 120 fs duration). The method is based on the interference of the incident laser light with far- and near-field scattered light, leading to local melting at the interference maxima, as demonstrated by femtosecond microscopy. Exploiting this strategy, lines of highly regular amorphous fringes can be written. The fringes have been characterized in detail using optical microscopy combined modelling, which enables a determination of the three-dimensional shape of individual fringes. 2D micro-Raman spectroscopy reveals that the space between amorphous fringes remains crystalline. We demonstrate that the fringe period can be tuned over a range of 410 nm – 13 µm by changing the angle of incidence and inverting the beam scan direction. Fine control over the lateral dimensions, thickness, surface depression and optical contrast of the fringes is obtained via adjustment of pulse number, fluence and spot size. Large-area, highly homogeneous gratings composed of amorphous fringes with micrometer width and millimeter length can readily be fabricated. The here presented fabrication technique is expected to have applications in the fields of optics, nanoelectronics, and mechatronics and should be applicable to other materials.
HLA-E Presents Glycopeptides from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Protein MPT32 to Human CD8+ T cells
Authors: Harriff Melanie J. , Wolfe Lisa M. , Swarbrick Gwendolyn , Null Megan , Cansler Meghan E. , Canfield Elizabeth T. , Vogt Todd , Toren Katelynne Gardner , Li Wei , Jackson Mary , Lewinsohn Deborah A. , Dobos Karen M. , Lewinsohn David M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInfection withMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb), the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, remains a global health concern. Both classically and non-classically restricted cytotoxic CD8+T cells are important to the control of Mtb infection. We and others have demonstrated that the non-classical MHC I molecule HLA-E can present pathogen-derived peptides to CD8+T cells. In this manuscript, we identified the antigen recognized by an HLA-E-restricted CD8+T cell clone isolated from an Mtb latently infected individual as a peptide from the Mtb protein, MPT32. Recognition by the CD8+T cell clone required N-terminal O-linked mannosylation of MPT32 by a mannosyltransferase encoded by the Rv1002c gene. This is the first description of a post-translationally modified Mtb-derived protein antigen presented in the context of an HLA-E specific CD8+T cell immune response. The identification of an immune response that targets a unique mycobacterial modification is novel and may have practical impact in the development of vaccines and diagnostics.
Mutations in BRCA2 and taxane resistance in prostate cancer
Authors: Nientiedt Cathleen , Heller Martina , Endris Volker , Volckmar Anna-Lena , Zschäbitz Stefanie , Tapia-Laliena María A. , Duensing Anette , Jäger Dirk , Schirmacher Peter , Sültmann Holger , Stenzinger Albrecht , Hohenfellner Markus , Grüllich Carsten , Duensing Stefan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 define a subset of prostate cancer patients. Herein, we address the question whether BRCA1/2 mutations have a predictive impact on chemotherapy with docetaxel, a widely used drug in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Fifty-three men treated with docetaxel for mCRPC were tested for somatic BRCA1/2 mutations of the primary tumor. In a subgroup of patients, BRCA1/2 protein expression was tested as a potential surrogate marker for BRCA1/2 inactivation. Eight of 53 patients (15.1%) harbored a deleterious BRCA2 mutation. No BRCA1 mutation was found. Patients with a BRCA2 mutation showed a response rate of 25% to docetaxel in comparison to 71.1% in men with wildtype BRCA2 (p = 0.019). While the time to develop castration resistance was similar in both subgroups, the overall survival was significantly shorter in patients harboring a BRCA2 mutation. No correlation between the BRCA1/2 protein expression and the response to docetaxel was found. While the presence of a BRCA2 mutation does not preclude a response to docetaxel, there is overall a significant correlation between BRCA2 inactivation and a poor response rate. Our results suggest that a close oncological monitoring of patients with BRCA2 mutations for taxane resistance is warranted.
Synthesis, optical and magnetic properties of a new nanocomposite HAp/CoFe2O4/RGO
Authors: Sakhaei Fatemeh , Salahi Esmaeil , Olya Mohammad Ebrahim , Mobasherpour Iman 
Published: June 2017

Magnetically separable CoFe2O4/reduced graphene oxide (CoFe2O4/RGO) and a new of magnetic hydroxyapatite/CoFe2O4/RGO nanocomposites (HAp/CoFe2O4/RGO) were prepared via co‐precipitation along with hydrothermal methods. The characterisation and properties of the synthesised nanocomposite were analysed using Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray powder diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV‐visible spectroscopy. TEM images show that the synthetic RGO layers are decorated with 10 nm CoFe2O4 particles and HAp nanorods of about 10 nm diameter and 100 nm average length are well separated and uniformly distributed. In addition, separation of the layers from one another and approximately uniform distribution on nanosheets is completely visible. Due to the magnetic properties of HAp/CoFe2O4/RGO nanocomposite, it can be separated from the environment by an external magnetic field. In addition, the energy gap measurements represent the effective role of CoFe2O4/RGO inremarkable decreasing of the energy gap of the nano‐HAp.
Nanoscale static voltage generation and its surface potential decay using scanning probe microscopy
Authors: Rajeev Sreenidhi Prabha , Cherumannil Karumuthil Subash , Valiyaneerilakkal Uvais , Varghese Soney 
Published: June 2017

This work aims at the manipulation of nanoscopic voltage produced through uniform and non‐uniform rubbing in neat unpolarised polymer polyvinylidene fluoride. A metal–insulator configuration is considered for the analysis. The decay of surface potential in such a configuration is also addressed in this work. The polarity of the voltage observed on the film depends on the work function of the metal electrode in contact as well as the electronegativity of polymeric material under study. Scanning probe microscopic techniques such as dynamic contact mode electrostatic force microscopy, scanning tunnelling microscopy are used for the investigation of specific electrostatic potential variation on polymer films. Effect of contact electrification leads to nanoscopic domains of voltage generation on the surface of the tribolayers. Electrostatic potential developed on the surface of unrubbed polymer film using modulated tip is in the range of 20–40 mV. The range of voltage generated increased from 20 to 125 mV in the case of rubbed polymer films. Charge retention is discussed through obtaining surface potential decay trend at various intervals. This also plays an important role in the generation of the voltage as well as the current. The above scenario has been demonstrated in both rubbed and unrubbed scenarios. Charge decay is observed to be gradually decreasing from 40 to 29.5 mV in unrubbed surface and 125 to 14 mV in rubbed surface for various time intervals. The obtained results suggest insignificance of triboelectric series on contact electrification between similar tribolayers.
Perinatal and Childhood Outcomes Associated with Infertility
Authors: Zore Temeka , Wang Erica 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInfertility affects 11% of reproductive-age women in the United States and the number of live births from infertility treatment, both in vitro fertilization (IVF) and non-IVF fertility treatment (NIFT), continues to rise. Given this trend, the perinatal and childhood outcomes of children conceived with assisted reproduction are of critical importance. We provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature, consisting primarily of observational cohort studies focused on IVF children. The outcomes of interest include (1) perinatal outcomes of low birth weight and prematurity; (2) congenital birth defects; (3) childhood development to encompass autism spectrum disorders, development, and school functioning; (4) growth and puberty: and (5) childhood cancer. Overall, these data appear to be reassuring; however, further studies are needed to clarify the role of underlying parental infertility and to focus on NIFT conceptions. There remains a paucity of long-term data for these children as they progress to adulthood and long-term prospective registries will be the key to answering these questions.
Stellenwert der selektiven Lasertrabekuloplastik (SLT)
Authors: Schlote Torsten 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die selektive Lasertrabekuloplastik (SLT) hat sich in den letzten Jahren zu einer sehr erfolgreichen Behandlungsform des Glaukoms entwickelt.
Material und Methoden Aktuelle Literaturrecherche in PubMed. Eigene klinische Erfahrungen flossen in die Bewertung von Zusammenhängen ein.
Ergebnisse Die SLT kann mit vergleichbarer Effektivität wie eine Argonlasertrabekuloplastik (ALT) oder eine medikamentöse Ersttherapie bei allen häufigen Formen des Offenwinkelglaukoms und der okulären Hypertension eingesetzt werden. Im Vergleich zur ALT zeigt die SLT Vorteile: Es wird wesentlich weniger Energie benötigt und die SLT kann wiederholt werden. Die SLT hat auch Anwendung in einigen selteneren Indikationsbereichen gefunden. Sie beeinflusst andere Formen der Glaukombehandlung nicht negativ. Die Risiken sind gering und beinhalten Druckspitzen und sehr selten Hornhautveränderungen (Endothelzellversagen, Hornhauttrübung und -vernarbung) oder ein zystoides Makulaödem. Aufgrund ihres Potenzials als Ersttherapie wird die SLT auch aktuell intensiv beforscht.
Schlussfolgerung Die SLT ist eine risikoarme Behandlungsmethode des Glaukoms mit sehr breitem Indikationsbereich. Aufgrund der Vorteile der SLT ist eine weitere Verbreitung als Ersttherapie denkbar. Die SLT ist deshalb Gegenstand der aktuellen Forschung.
Vernetzung in der medizinischen Versorgung
Authors: Dinges Martin 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungPatientennetzwerke werden weniger als die Netzwerke der Ärzte beachtet. Sie sind aber ebenfalls wichtig: Das gilt vor allem hinsichtlich der Entscheidung für die Homöopathie als therapeutisches System, die oft auf Laienempfehlungen hin erfolgt. Hier wird vor allem rekonstruiert, welche Motive Bettine und Achim von Arnim von der Homöopathie – unterschiedlich stark – überzeugten und welche familiären und gesellschaftlichen Beziehungen Bettine während der ersten Jahre ihres Engagements nutzte, um für die Homöopathie zu werben.
The doublesex-related Dmrta2 safeguards neural progenitor maintenance involving transcriptional regulation of Hes1
Authors: Young Fraser I. , Keruzore Marc , Nan Xinsheng , Gennet Nicole , Bellefroid Eric J. , Li Meng 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Maintaining an intricate balance between continued progenitor proliferation and cell cycle exit/differentiation is pivotal for proper brain development. Disruption of this delicate process can lead to brain malformations, such as microlissencephaly. In this paper, we identify Dmrta2 (doublesex- and mab-3–related transcription factor a2, also known as Dmrt5) as an important transcription factor that helps regulate the fine tuning between cell cycle progression and neuronal differentiation. Mechanistically, this function of Dmrta2 involves direct transcriptional regulation of a known repressor of neurogenesis Hes1. Our findings thus add Dmrta2 to the complex regulatory machinery controlling cortical NPC maintenance, and provide an explanation for the microlissencephaly caused by Dmrta2 deficiency in model organisms and humans.
How PAs became licensed to practice in the United States
Authors: Sadler Alfred M. , Davis Ann 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
The history of how PAs in the United States were first granted practice authority under the medical practice acts of the various states and territories begins in the 1960s with an imaginative way to circumvent the moratorium on licensure of new healthcare occupations in place at the time, while allowing the requisite flexibility for the new profession to take hold and thrive. In the subsequent decades, separate licensure for PAs was required and adopted. Despite the enormous success of the PA profession over its first 50 years, challenges remain.
Leadership Development Programs at Academic Health Centers: Results of a National Survey
Authors: Lucas Raymond , Goldman Ellen F. , Scott Andrea R. , Dandar Valerie 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
To identify the prevalence and characteristics of faculty leadership development programs (LDPs) offered by North American academic health centers (AHCs) and to uncover gaps in leadership training.

Method
Faculty development/affairs deans of the 161 Association of American Medical Colleges member schools were surveyed in 2015 on their approach to faculty leadership training. For AHCs delivering their own training, the survey included questions about LDP participants, objectives, curriculum, delivery, resources, and evaluation. The literature on leadership and leadership development was used to develop a taxonomy of leadership competencies, which formed the basis of the survey questions related to program content. Survey results were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis for categorical data.

Results
Of the 94 respondents (response rate 58%), 93 provided some form of leadership training and 61 provided a formal internal faculty LDP. Content was variable and rarely based on a specific leadership competency model. Although programs described innovative approaches to learning, lectures and case discussions were the predominant approaches. Evaluation beyond participant satisfaction was uncommon.

Conclusions
Faculty LDPs were common, with some programs describing elements informed by the leadership literature. However, nationally programs can improve by basing content on a leadership competency model, incorporating multiple approaches to teaching, and implementing more rigorous program evaluation.
Tablet-Based Intervention for Reducing Children's Preoperative Anxiety: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chow Cheryl H. T. , Van Lieshout Ryan J. , Schmidt Louis A. , Buckley Norman 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT:

Objectives:
To examine the feasibility, acceptability, and effects of a novel tablet-based application, Story-Telling Medicine (STM), in reducing children's preoperative anxiety.

Methods:
Children (N = 100) aged 7 to 13 years who were undergoing outpatient surgery were recruited from a local children's hospital. This study comprised 3 waves: Waves 1 (n = 30) and 2 (n = 30) examined feasibility, and Wave 3 (n = 40) examined the acceptability of STM and compared its effect on preoperative anxiety to Usual Care (UC). In Wave 3, children were randomly allocated to receive STM+UC or UC. A change in preoperative anxiety was measured using the Children's Perioperative Multidimensional Anxiety Scale (CPMAS) 7 to 14 days before surgery (T1), on the day of surgery (T2), and 1 month postoperatively (T3).

Results:
Wave 1 demonstrated the feasibility of participant recruitment and data collection procedures but identified challenges with attrition at T2 and T3. Wave 2 piloted a modified protocol that addressed attrition and increased the feasibility of follow-up. In Wave 3, children in the STM+UC demonstrated greater reductions in CPMAS compared with the UC group (ΔM = 119.90, SE = 46.36, t(27) = 2.59, p = .015; 95% confidence interval = 24.78–215.02).

Conclusion:
This pilot study provides preliminary evidence that STM is a feasible and acceptable intervention for reducing children's preoperative anxiety in a busy pediatric operative setting and supports the investigation of a full-scale randomized controlled trial.
Ablative Fractional Laser Resurfacing With Laser-Assisted Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil for the Treatment of Cicatricial Ectropion and Periocular Scarring
Authors: Lee Bradford W. , Levitt Alexandra E. , Erickson Benjamin P. , Ko Audrey C. , Nikpoor Neda , Ezuddin Nisreen , Lee Wendy W. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
Cicatricial ectropion and periocular scarring can cause significant functional and cosmetic deficits. Surgical treatments can be associated with recicatrization, donor site morbidity, and textural and pigmentary abnormalities. This case series reports on efficacy and safety of a novel nonsurgical approach to treating cicatricial ectropion using ablative fractional laser resurfacing and laser-assisted delivery of 5-fluorouracil.

Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted of all patients at a single institution who received ≥3 rounds of ablative fractional laser resurfacing with laser-assisted delivery of 5-fluorouracil. Six patients with cicatricial ectropion and periocular scarring secondary to reconstructive surgery, traumatic lacerations, and facial burns were included. Aesthetic and functional improvement were evaluated via fluorescein staining, tear breakup time, external photography, questionnaires gauging dry eye symptoms, and scar appearance.

Results:
All patients showed functional improvement based on fluorescein staining (mean improvement 6.0 ± 1.4; p = 0.0007) and other indicators of dry eye. All 4 patients with lagophthalmos improved and 2 showed complete resolution. All patients demonstrated significant cosmetic improvement based on a validated scar assessment questionnaire (mean improvement 37.5 ± 18.9; p = 0.004), and 5 of 6 patients reported improved satisfaction with scar appearance (mean improvement 19.3 ± 12.8; p = 0.014). There were no adverse effects reported.

Conclusions:
Ablative fractional laser resurfacing with laser-assisted delivery of 5-fluorouracil appears to be a safe and effective modality for treating the functional and aesthetic abnormalities associated with periocular scarring, yielding results that are difficult to attain through surgery alone. Optimal management of cicatricial ectropion and periocular scarring often requires multimodality treatment, and ablative fractional laser resurfacing with laser-assisted delivery of 5-fluorouracil may be considered as part of a comprehensive approach to managing periocular scars.