bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B34: The Role of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Prostate Cancer in African American Men
Authors: Bollig-Fischer Aliccia B. , Bao Bin , Legendre Christophe , Dyson Greg , Sakr Wael , Carpten John , Powell Isaac 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background: African American men (AAM) have a 60% higher risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer and a 2 to 3 times greater risk of dying from the disease compared to European American men (EAM). We previously reported evidence that there may be a molecular basis for these disparities from high-throughput gene expression analysis of PCa specimens, the data showed that pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling factors, including IL6 and TGFB1, are significantly upregulated and over-represented in PCa from AAM.
Objective/Methods: the objective of our more recent research was to gain understanding of the role for IL6 in promoting aggressive prostate cancer in AAM. We used established cell lines derived from PCa from AAM and EAM to study if cancer cells produce IL6 and how IL6 impacts cancer cell phenotypes in vitro. We also conducted a pilot RNA-sequencing study to analyze aggressive PCa specimens and matched non-cancer adjacent prostate tissue for insights as to the role of the microenvironment and potential PCa-stroma crosstalk.
Results: Results of our PCa cell line work indicate that a subpopulation of stem-cell like cancer cells produce IL6 and that IL6 acts in autocrine fashion to maintain that subpopulation. For the African American MDA-PCa2b cell line, IL6 expression was not detected. However, treatment of these cells with IL6 induced cancer stem cell-like prostasphere formation and growth. Results of our high-throughput gene expression analysis suggest that specifically for AAM, cancer cells are the source of pro-inflammatory cytokines in less aggressive cancer, but for aggressive prostate cancer pro-inflammatory cytokines originate from the non-cancer, prostate microenvironment.
Conclusion: our mechanism studies in PCa-derived cell lines and high-throughput functional genomic analyses of human specimens converge to improve understanding of the molecular biology unique to aggressive PCa in AAM. Continued research and development is warranted to show how this knowledge could be used to improve clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.
Citation Format: Aliccia B. Bollig-Fischer, Bin Bao, Christophe Legendre, Greg Dyson, Wael Sakr, John Carpten, Isaac Powell. The Role of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Prostate Cancer in African American Men. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B34.
Abstract B52: Describing Adherence to Dietary Guidelines in Overweight African American Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Springfield Sparkle , Odoms-Young Angela , Tussing-Humphreys Lisa , Freels Sally , Fantuzzi Giamila , Stolley Melinda 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background
African American women have the greatest breast cancer mortality and shortest survival rates of any racial or ethnic group. Increased adherence to general population dietary guidelines has been linked to improved breast cancer outcomes. Limited information exists on the dietary habits and level of adherence to general population dietary recommendations in African American breast cancer survivors (AABCS).
Objective
We explored differences in diet quality assessed via HEI and AHEI by demographic and anthropometric characteristics.
Design
A cross-sectional analysis of the baseline interview including a food frequency questionnaire.
Participants/setting
Study participants were recruited and enrolled in the Moving Forward intervention study. Moving Forward was a randomized, community-based, 6-month weight management intervention for AABCS.
Main outcome measures
Adherence to population-based dietary recommendations was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI) and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI).
Statistical analyses performed
We calculated standard descriptive statistics for nutrient intakes, including total and components scores from HEI and AHEI. Linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between socio-demographic factors and dietary adherence.
Results
Participants had a mean age of 57 and were approximately seven years post-initial breast cancer diagnosis. The mean HEI total score was 65.1 (range: 38.9-93.9; max score 100) and mean AHEI total score was 56.8 (range: 25.00 - 85.8; max score 110) indicating sub-optimal diet quality. In the adjusted analysis, HEI and AHEI total scores were positively associated with education, income, moderate physical activity (HEI only) and negatively associated with waist-hip ratio, and smoking status.
Conclusion
Generally, non-smokers, who reported more moderate physical activity, more years of education, and smaller waist circumferences had better quality diets compared to other participants. Understanding deficiencies in the diet of AABCS will help to inform the development of effective lifestyle interventions for this at-risk group.
Citation Format: Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, Sally Freels, Giamila Fantuzzi, Melinda Stolley. Describing Adherence to Dietary Guidelines in Overweight African American Breast Cancer Survivors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B52.
Abstract B55: Gastric Cancer Epidemiological Trends among Hispanics: A 10-year Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Cruz-Correa Marcia , Cora-Morges Adrian , Gonzalez-Cordero Ariel , Serrano-Rosario Jennifer , Diaz-Algori Yaritza , Soto-Salgado Marievelisse , Torres-Cintron Carlos , Morgan Douglas , Tortolero-Luna Guillermo 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is among the top five diagnosed cancers in US Hispanics, while it's not a common cancer in Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). In Puerto Rico (PR), GC is the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in men and the eighth most common in women. Although the incidence of GC has decreased during the last two decades in all US racial/ethnic groups, the mortality associated to GC continues to be high and disproportionately affects Hispanics. We aimed to determine and compare the overall five-year relative survival of PR Hispanics with GC during two study periods (1998-2002 and 2003-2007) and examine the geographical distribution to establish priorities for screening and health policy. Methods: Data was obtained from the PR Central Cancer Registry (PRCCR). All occurring cases with a diagnosis of primary GC, those arising primarily from the gastroesophageal junction to the pylorus, ICD-O-3 codes C16.0 to C16.9, with histological confirmation (using ICD-O-3 codes) from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2007 were included. Five-year overall survival rates were calculated using the incidence case file database of the PRCCR and estimated using the Kaplan Meier method. Results: For the period 1998-2002 the age-adjusted incidence rate for GC was 10.0 per 100,000 (n = 1,696), while for 2003-2007 was 8.4 per 100,000 (n = 1,595). The overall five-year relative survival for GC was 22.1% and 28.2% for the periods of 1998-2002 and 2003-2007, respectively. Age-adjusted incidence rates of GC were lower in the Metropolitan (costal) Area and its surrounding municipalities while higher in the municipalities of the mountainous regions. Conclusion: GC continues to be a common cancer among Hispanics despite decrease burden among other US racial groups. Moreover, the survival rate of GC continues to be abysmal with less than 30% 5-year survival rate. There is a geographical distribution with higher GC incidence rates in the mountainous regions. Studies evaluating biologic and environmental risk factors for GC are of utmost importance to understand this cancer disparity and establish GC screening algorithms among US Hispanics.
Citation Format: Marcia Cruz-Correa, Adrian Cora-Morges, Ariel Gonzalez-Cordero, Jennifer Serrano-Rosario, Yaritza Diaz-Algori, Marievelisse Soto-Salgado, Carlos Torres-Cintron, Douglas Morgan, Guillermo Tortolero-Luna. Gastric Cancer Epidemiological Trends among Hispanics: A 10-year Population-Based Analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B55.
Abstract B66: Novel adjuvant therapy for obesity-related cancers
Authors: Candelaria Pierre , Harmon Tia , Harbuzariu Adriana , Rampoldi Antonio , Lipsey Crystal , Mullen Mckay , Kurian Ann , Dill Courtney , Tchio Cynthia , Daley-Brown Danielle , Nunez Shakeyla , Lanier Viola , Gonzalez-Perez Ruben Rene 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Obesity incidence has reached alarming levels, particularly in minority populations: African American (AA) and Latinos. The risk of develop several cancers (i.e., breast, pancreatic and endometrial cancers) is strongly correlated to obesity. One of the essential factors involved in this relationship is leptin, the major adipokine secreted by adipose and tumor cells. Leptin is a mitogenic, proangiogenic, antiapoptotic and inflammatory factor that induces tumor growth and metastasis. Leptin has also been shown to increase cancer stem cell population and drug resistance in tumors. We have produced a potent and specific antagonist (LPrA2) that blocks leptin signaling and impairs its effects on cancer cells. LPrA2 conjugated to iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONP-LPrA2) shows enhanced bioavailability (half-life 8x higher) and inhibition effectiveness on leptin signaling in cancer cells. It is hypothesized that IONP-LPrA2 could serve as an adjuvant that increases effectiveness and allows the reduction of dosage of chemotherapeutic drugs, particularly in obesity contexts. Breast (E0771-TAM tamoxifen resistant, Py-8119, MDA-MB231, HCC1806 and MCF-7) and pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1, BxPC-3, MiaPaca2), and their derived tumorspheres were treated with leptin, chemotherapeutics (Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine) and IONP-LPrA2. Additionally, E0771-TAM and Py-8119 cells, and MDA-MB231 and Panc-1 tumorspheres were inoculated in C57BL/6J female mice (obese and lean) and female and male CD1 nu/nu mice. The mice were treated with IONP-LPrA2 during 4 weeks. Leptin induced proliferation and cell cycle progression in all cancer cells tested. Leptin also increased the number and size of breast and pancreatic cancer tumorspheres, and the levels of cancer stem cell (ALDH1, CD44, CD24, ESA), and chemoresistant (ABCB1) and pluripotent (NANOG) markers. IONP-LPrA2 treatment increased the effects of chemotherapeutics on cancer cells, and delayed tumor onset and growth. These data suggest that leptin is a mitogenic factor that increases cancer aggressiveness and survival. IONP-LPrA2 is a promising chemotherapeutic adjuvant, especially for patients suffering from obesity-related cancers.
Citation Format: Pierre Candelaria, Tia Harmon, Adriana Harbuzariu, Antonio Rampoldi, Crystal Lipsey, Mckay Mullen, Ann Kurian, Courtney Dill, Cynthia Tchio, Danielle Daley-Brown, Shakeyla Nunez, Viola Lanier, Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez. Novel adjuvant therapy for obesity-related cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B66.
Abstract B72: Does prostate cancer risk vary by race after accounting for lifestyle factors in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study
Authors: Hamieh Nadine M. , Markt Sarah , Peisch Sam , Giovannucci Edward , Wilson Kathryn , Mucci Lorelei 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Introduction: There are considerable differences in prostate cancer rates among white, black and Asian men, yet the underlying reasons for these differences are unknown. Our objectives were to study the association between race/ethnicity and prostate cancer risk, including aggressive cancer, accounting for differences in lifestyle factors and screening in a socioeconomically homogeneous population of US men.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis using the Health Professionals Follow-up study (HPFS), a prospective cohort of 46,108 men that began in 1986 with follow-up through 2012. These men were followed-up through biennial questionnaires that collected lifestyle, medical history and demographic data. After 26 years of follow up, 6,072 new cases of prostate cancer were identified. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between race/ethnicity and prostate cancer risk adjusting for potential confounders and PSA screening history.
Results: At baseline in 1986, there were 44,795 Caucasian men, 470 black men and 834 Asian men. Black men had a significantly higher risk of overall prostate cancer (HR=1.38, 95% CI= 1.10 to 1.72) while Asian men had a lower risk (HR=0.73, 95% CI=0.58 to 0.92) compared to white men. These associations were independent of PSA testing history and family history. There was a suggestion of an increased risk of lethal and high-Gleason grade disease for both black (Lethal: HR=1.24, 95% CI= 0.68 to 2.28; High-grade: HR=1.12, 95% CI=0.58 to 2.18) and Asian men (Lethal: HR=1.29, 95% CI=0.75 to 2.23; High-grade: HR=1.43, 95% CI=0.86 to 2.37), compared to Caucasian men, despite the lower risk for overall prostate cancer among Asians. The positive associations with lethal cancer were even more striking in the era before PSA screening was common (before 1994).
Conclusion: The increased incidence of prostate cancer overall among black men and reduced incidence in Asian men cannot be explained by differences in PSA testing, family history or other lifestyle factors.
Citation Format: Nadine M. Hamieh, Sarah Markt, Sam Peisch, Edward Giovannucci, Kathryn Wilson, Lorelei Mucci. Does prostate cancer risk vary by race after accounting for lifestyle factors in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B72.
Abstract C08: Importance, preference and satisfaction of menatal health services among a sample of Puerto Rican cancer patients
Authors: Castro Eida M. , Torres Normarie , Castro Wallesca P. , Jimenez Julio C. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Considering the high prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms experiences by cancer patients, it is crucial to integrate the psychosocial care into clinical oncology services. However, little is known about how Puerto Rican cancer patients, a Hispanic sub-ethnicity, prefer such care. Thus, the purpose of this study was to observe, the use, satisfaction and preferences of mental health services (MHS) among a sample of Puerto Rican cancer patients under oncology treatment (n=70). The study follows a a cross-sectional descriptive research design. Participants were recruited in community oncology clinics, cancer fund raising events and community-based organization providing support to cancer patients. After signing informed consent, participants were given a self report survey that took approximately 15 minutes to complete. Descriptive and chi-square analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package version 20. Preliminary data analysis shows a significant relationship between age and mental health service utilization at present X2(12, N=70) =68.05, p&lt;.001; and age and mental health service utilization in the past X2(18, N=70) =46.23, p&lt;.001. As such, 87.5% of those utilizing MHS at present were 45 Y/O and younger and 75% of those who utilized MHS in the past were between ages 21-60. Also, data shows that the study participants prefer receiving mental health services at the oncology clinic (48%), with appointments that coincide with their oncology-medical appointments (58%) and during the morning (49%). Detailed description about mental health care preference and utilizations will be further discussed. Findings suggest potential gaps in the utilization of mental health services among Puerto Rican cancer patients over 60 years of age. Future studies should consider identifying potential utilization and access barriers among this population. Also, the preliminary findings supports the integration of mental health services within the clinical community oncology practice.
Citation Format: Eida M. Castro, Normarie Torres, Wallesca P. Castro, Julio C. Jimenez. Importance, preference and satisfaction of menatal health services among a sample of Puerto Rican cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr C08.
Abstract C16: Disparities in survival outcomes based on insurance status in CML: A national cancer database analysis
Authors: Master Samip R. , Koshy Nebu , Mills Glenn , Shi Runhua R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Purpose:
The treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has made major progress in the last decade. The survival of CML patients has improved with advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The cost of medication, compliance of patients and access to care are important issues that can also affect outcome. The purpose of the present study is to investigate effects of insurance status on outcomes of CML by analyzing data from National cancer database.
Methods:
Data was analyzed from 18, 415 men and women (≥ 18 years of age) registered in the NCDB who were diagnosed with CML between 2004 and 2012 and had follow-ups to end of 2013. The primary predictor variable was insurance status and the outcome variable was overall survival. Additional variables addressed and adjusted for included sex, age, race, Charleston Co morbidity index, level of education, income, and distance traveled, facility type, diagnosing/treating facility and treatment delay.
Results:
The mean age of patients was 59 years with standard deviation of 18. In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for secondary predictor variables, insurance status was a statistically significant predictor of overall survival from CML. Relative to privately insured patients, patients with Medicaid had a 62.7% increased risk, Medicare had a 44.3% and no insurance had a 34.7% increased risk of mortality from CML. Among the factors analyzed, age, gender, race, and comorbidity index, were all found to be significant predictors of survival in CML patients, respectively.
Conclusion:
We observed that insurance status has a statistically significant relationship with overall survival from CML. This remained true after adjusting for other predictive factors. Further research is necessary how the disparities associated with different types of insurance result in inferior treatment outcomes and how they can be addressed.
Citation Format: Samip R. Master, Nebu Koshy, Glenn Mills, Runhua R. Shi. Disparities in survival outcomes based on insurance status in CML: A national cancer database analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr C16.
Abstract C24: Interplay between ECM stiffness, miR-203 and mammographic density
Authors: Dean Ivory , Acerbi Irene , Mouw Janna , Shi Quanming , Chen Yunn-Yi , Liphardt Jan , Hwang Shelley , Weaver Valerie 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
High mammographic density (MD) is associated with a greater risk of breast cancer and is characterized by high extracellular matrix (ECM) collagen. Elevated collagen increases ECM stiffness and can promote the malignant transformation of oncogenically-primed mammary epithelial cells in culture and in vivo. Whether or not high MD reflects a breast stroma that is stiff and if ECM stiffness accounts for the elevated breast cancer risk in high MD tissue and how has yet to be resolved. To address this question we are conducting a comprehensive biophysical and molecular analysis of BIRADS status in prophylactic mastectomies in women with low (BIRADS 1) versus high MD (BIRADS 4). Data revealed that the intra-lobular ECM associated with the terminal end-buds contains anisotropic compliant and relaxed collagen fibrils. By contrast, the inter-lobular ECM contains stiff, oriented collagen fibrils. Preliminary data suggest that the ECM associated with the terminal end-buds in the upper outer quadrant may be stiffer in women with high MD as compared to low MD. These same tissues also expressed lower levels of the microRNA miR-203, which has been implicated in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inhibition. Consistently, in vitro studies revealed that miR-203 was repressed in MECs cultured on a stiff ECM. We also found that a stiffened mammary ECM decreases miR-203 expression and promotes an EMT. Additionally, inhibiting ECM stiffening restored miR-203 levels and reduced an EMT. Moreover and importantly, we showed that triple negative breast tumors that often express EMT markers have reduced miR-203 levels. Studies are underway to elaborate these preliminary findings and to assess their clinical relevance. (This work is supported by the: NIH NSRA T32 CA 108462-11 to Ivory Dean, Susan G Komen PDF12230246 to Irene Acerbi, W81XWH-13-1-0216, USMRAA DOD-BCRP BC122990, NIH R01 CA138818-01A1 and NIH R01 CA192914-01 to Valerie Weaver.)
Citation Format: Ivory Dean, Irene Acerbi, Janna Mouw, Quanming Shi, Yunn-Yi Chen, Jan Liphardt, Shelley Hwang, Valerie Weaver. Interplay between ECM stiffness, miR-203 and mammographic density. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr C24.