bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological factors rather than barriers to dispersal shape genetic structure of algal symbionts in horizontally-transmitting corals
Authors: Davies SW , Wham FC , Kanke MR , Matz MV 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMany reef-building corals acquire their algal symbionts (Symbiodiniumsp.) from the local environment upon recruitment. This horizontal transmission strategy where hosts pair with locally available symbionts could serve to increase coral fitness across diverse environments, as long as hosts maintain high promiscuity and symbionts adapt locally. Here, we tested this hypothesis in two coral species by comparing host and symbiont genetic structures across different spatial scales in Micronesia. Each host species associated with two genetically distinctSymbiodiniumlineages, confirming high promiscuity in broadly dispersing hosts. However, contrary to our initial expectation, symbiont genetic structure was independent of physical barriers to dispersal between islands, unlike genetic structure of their hosts that was nearly perfectly explained by ocean currents. Instead,Symbiodiniumconsistently demonstrated genetic divergence among local reefs and between the two host species at each island, although not necessarily between distant islands. These observations indicate thatSymbiodiniumlineages disperse much more broadly than previously thought and continuously adapt to specific hosts and reef environments across their range, following the classical Baas Becking’s hypothesis: “Everything is everywhere, but the environment selects”. Overall, our findings confirm that horizontal transmission could be a mechanism for broadly dispersing coral species to enhance their local fitness by associating with locally adapted symbionts. Dramatic differences in factors driving the genetic structures of horizontally-transmitting corals and theirSymbiodiniumimply that viewing their combined genomes as a single entity (‘hologenome’) would not be useful in the context of their evolution and adaptation.
The role of isoforms in the evolution of cryptic coloration inPeromyscusmice
Authors: Mallarino Ricardo , Linden Tess A. , Linnen Catherine R. , Hoekstra Hopi E. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA central goal of evolutionary biology is to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic adaptation. While the contribution of protein-coding andcis-regulatory mutations to adaptive traits have been well documented, additional sources of variation—such as the production of alternative RNA transcripts from a single gene, or isoforms—have been understudied. Here, we focus on the pigmentation geneAgouti, known to express multiple alternative transcripts, to investigate the role of isoform usage in the evolution of cryptic color phenotypes in deer mice (genusPeromyscus). We first characterize theAgoutiisoforms expressed in thePeromyscusskin and find two novel isoforms not previously identified inMus. Next, we show that a locally adapted light-colored population ofP. maniculatusliving on the Nebraska Sand Hills shows an up-regulation of a singleAgoutiisoform, termed 1C, compared to their ancestral dark-colored conspecifics. Usingin vitroassays, we show that this preference for isoform 1C may be driven by isoform-specific differences in translation. In addition, using an admixed population of wild-caught mice, we find that variation in overallAgoutiexpression maps to a region near exon 1C, which also has patterns of nucleotide variation consistent with strong positive selection. Finally, we show that the independent evolution of cryptic light pigmentation in a different species,P. polionotus, has been driven by a preference for the sameAgoutiisoform. Together, these findings present an example of the role of alternative transcript processing in adaptation and demonstrate molecular convergence at the level of isoform regulation.
Criterion for the limit cycle free state-space digital filters with external disturbances and quantization/overflow nonlinearities
Authors: - Diksha , Kokil Priyanka , Kar Haranath 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to develop a new criterion for the exponential stability andH∞performance of state-space digital filters under the influence of any combination of quantization/overflow nonlinearities.Design/methodology/approach– The proposed criterion uses theH∞approach that is suitable for the design of discrete system in the presence of external disturbance. Analysis and synthesis in anH∞setting is advantageous as it proposes effective disturbance attenuation, less sensitivity to uncertainties and many practical applications.Findings– The criterion not only guarantees exponential stability but also reduces the effect of external interference. A numerical example demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method is given.Originality/value– The main result of the paper is reported for the first time and it is useful to ensure the stability of digital filters in the presence of external disturbance and any combination of quantization/overflow nonlinearities.
Large amplitude bending behaviour of laminated composite curved panels
Authors: Mahapatra Trupti Ranjan , Kar Vishesh Ranjan , Panda Subrata Kumar 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyse the nonlinear flexural behaviour of laminated curved panel under uniformly distributed load. The study has been extended to analyse different types of shell panels by employing the newly developed nonlinear mathematical model.Design/methodology/approach– The authors have developed a novel nonlinear mathematical model based on the higher order shear deformation theory for laminated curved panel by taking the geometric nonlinearity in Green-Lagrange sense. In addition to that all the nonlinear higher order terms are considered in the present formulation for more accurate prediction of the flexural behaviour of laminated panels. The sets of nonlinear governing equations are obtained using variational principle and discretised using nonlinear finite element steps. Finally, the nonlinear responses are computed through the direct iterative method for shell panels of various geometries (spherical/cylindrical/hyperboloid/elliptical).Findings– The importance of the present numerical model for small strain large deformation problems has been demonstrated through the convergence and the comparison studies. The results give insight into the laminated composite panel behaviour under mechanical loading and their deformation behaviour. The effects of different design parameters and the shell geometries on the flexural responses of the laminated curved structures are analysed in detailed. It is also observed that the present numerical model are realistic in nature as compared to other available mathematical model for the nonlinear analysis of the laminated structure.Originality/value– A novel nonlinear mathematical model is developed first time to address the severe geometrical nonlinearity for curved laminated structures. The outcome from this paper can be utilized for the design of the laminated structures under real life circumstances.
Symplectic analysis for the effects of material distribution and relative density on dynamic properties of sandwich tubes with honeycomb cores
Authors: Zhang Kai , Deng Zichen , Meng Junmiao , Xu Xiaojian 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to provide an efficient numerical solution for dynamic properties of sandwich tubes with honeycomb cores and investigate the effects of material distribution and relative density on the dynamic properties of the structure.

Design/methodology/approach
– By introducing dual variables and applying the variational principle, the canonical equations of Hamiltonian system are constructed. The precise integration algorithm and extended Wittrick-Williams algorithm are adopted to solve the equations and obtain the dispersion relations of sandwich tubes. The effects of the material distribution and the relative density on the non-dimensional frequencies of the sandwich tubes are investigated.

Findings
– The validity of the procedure and programs is verified by comparing with other works. Dispersion relations of the typical sandwich tubes are obtained. Dramatic differences are observed as the material distribution and relative density of the sandwich structures vary.

Originality/value
– The work gains insight into the role of symplectic analysis in the structural dynamic properties and expects to provide new opportunities for the optimal design of sandwich tubes with honeycomb cores in engineering applications.
Overlapped-coupling between spherical discrete elements and micropolar finite elements in one dimension using a bridging-scale decomposition for statics
Authors: Regueiro Richard , Duan Zheng , Yan Beichuan 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to develop a concurrent multiscale computational method for granular materials in the quasi-static loading regime.Design/methodology/approach– Overlapped-coupling between a micropolar linear elastic one-dimensional (1D) mixed finite element (FE) model and a 1D chain of Hertzian nonlinear elastic, glued, discrete element (DE) spheres is presented. The 1D micropolar FEs and 1D chain of DEs are coupled using a bridging-scale decomposition for static analysis.Findings– It was found that an open-window DE domain may be coupled to a micropolar continuum FE domain via an overlapping region within the bridging-scale decomposition formulation for statics. Allowing the micropolar continuum FE energy in the overlapping region to contribute to the DE energy has a smoothing effect on the DE response, especially for the rotational degrees of freedom (dofs).Research limitations/implications– The paper focusses on 1D examples, with elastic, glued, DE spheres, and a linear elastic micropolar continuum implemented in 1D.Practical implications– A concurrent computational multiscale method for granular materials with open-window DE resolution of the large shearing region such as at the interface with a penetrometer skin, will allow more efficient computations by reducing the more costly DE domain calculations, but not at the expense of generating artificial boundary effects between the DE and FE domains.Originality/value– Open-window DE overlapped-coupling to FE continuum domain, accounting for rotational dofs in both DE and FE methods. Contribution of energy from micropolar FE in overlap region to underlying DE particle energy.
Boosting the effectiveness of channel governance options
Authors: Brown James R. , Weaven Scott K. , Dant Rajiv P , Crosno Jody L 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The aim of this study is to explore possible contingent variables that might explain these twin contradictory effects of marketing channel governance. Franchisors govern their systems to limit opportunism and enhance performance. However, the exact opposite often occurs.Design/methodology/approach– This paper develops an integrative conceptual model of franchisor governance of its franchisees. This model is tested empirically with data collected from 197 Australian franchisees.Findings– Under strong relational norms, goal congruence and outcome monitoring limit franchisee opportunism; compliance enhances franchisee performance, while opportunism reduces it. With weaker norms, outcome monitoring facilitates compliance, and goal congruence boosts franchisee performance, as does franchisee opportunism. However, norms fail to mitigate behavioral monitoring’s negative impact on opportunism.Research limitations/implications– This research confirms the positive and negative effects of franchisor governance. It also shows that norms can reverse the positive link between franchisee opportunism and performance. It additionally illustrates how goal congruence and compliance can limit opportunism and boost performance. Future research should refine this study’s measures, incorporate additional constructs into the conceptual model and test the generalizability of these findings in lesser-developed economies.Practical implications– This research shows that monitoring has both positive and negative effects on franchisee opportunism and performance. To avoid monitoring’s adverse effects, franchisors are advised to enhance goal congruence, boost franchisee compliance and develop strong relational norms.Originality/value– This paper shows that goal congruence, as well as franchisor outcome monitoring, can mitigate the negative effects of franchisor behavioral monitoring on franchisee opportunism, as do relational norms.
The impact of emotional arousal levels and valence on product evaluations
Authors: Choi Nak Hwan , Jung Jae Min , Oyunbileg Tamir , Yang Pianpian 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– This paper aims to investigate the moderating roles of emotional arousal levels (elevated vs mild) and emotional valence (positive vs negative) stemming from outcomes of self-regulatory goal pursuit in understanding effectiveness of the product attribute type on product evaluation.Design/methodology/approach– Drawing on the literature on goals, emotions and behaviors, this research advances and tests hypotheses with two studies and an ANOVA.Findings– This study shows that when consumers experience positive emotions stemming from the success of self-regulatory goals (approach vs avoidance), the impact of product attribute type on product evaluations is primarily driven by the emotional arousal levels and that the type of regulatory goals does not matter. In contrast, when consumers experience negative emotions stemming from the failure of goal pursuit, the impact of product attribute type is determined not only by the emotional arousal levels but also by the type of goals.Practical implications– Marketing managers should use appropriate product attributes in advertisements that match with the consumers’ emotional arousal levels, emotional valence and regulatory goals by identifying customers’ specific emotional state and its source.Originality/value– This study shows that emotional valence moderates the impact of emotional arousal levels on the effectiveness of product attribute types in advertisements, and that the regulatory goals as the source of such emotions matter only under the elevated negative emotions. The major contribution of this research is that to understand the impact of emotions stemming from regulatory goal pursuit on product evaluations, not only emotional valence but also emotional arousal levels and regulatory goals should be taken into consideration.
Are consumers’ reasons for and against behaviour distinct?
Authors: Chatzidakis Andreas , Hibbert Sally , Winklhofer Heidi 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to add clarity to current conceptualisations of attitudes towards giving versus not giving and to identify an approach that better informs interventions that seek to promote particular types of pro-social consumer behaviour. Despite a considerable body of research that provides insights into why people give to charity, there is comparatively little understanding of the reasons why others decide not to give. More generally, existing applications of attitudinal models do not differentiate between decisions to perform and not to perform a behaviour. This paper challenges the assumption that attitudes towards performing and not performing a behaviour are logical opposites. Drawing on reasons theory, the paper examines the incremental and discriminant validity of attitudes for charitable giving versus attitudes against charitable giving, and the extent to which they correspond to different rather than opposite underlying reasons.Design/methodology/approach– A mixed-method approach with two different study stages was adopted. Stage 1 comprised an elicitation study that sought to identify reasons corresponding to a comprehensive range of motives for and barriers to charitable giving. This assisted in the development of a survey instrument that was used in Stage 2 to test the study’s hypotheses. The study used the Index of Multiple Deprivation with a view to provide a sample representative of the UK population (N= 243). Results were analysed through exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and step-wise regressions.Findings– Results showed that reasons against charitable giving included logical opposites of reasons for charitable giving (complementarity assumption)as well as separate motivational factors. Attitudes for and against were in turn explained by distinct sets of reasons. The paper contributes by adding clarity to current conceptualisations of cognitions in relation to doing versus not doing. Identifying underlying reasons, rather than just attitudes, affords specific insight for marketing communications and public policy interventions.Originality/value– The paper introduces to the marketing and consumer behaviour literature the previously neglected non-complementarity assumption and provides a more complete test of this assumption in the context of charitable giving.
Conceptualisations of the consumer in marketing thought
Authors: Kennedy Ann-Marie , Laczniak Gene R 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– This paper seeks to gain an understanding of how different consumer conceptualisations in marketing may lead to negative outcomes. Every profession has its grand vision. The guiding vision for most marketing professionals is customer orientation. Of course, reality is more complex and nuanced than a single unified vision. Organisations tout their consumer-centric marketing decisions, in that they use consumer research to make operational decisions about products, prices, distribution and the like. However, marketers’ treatment of consumers is often far from the customer’s best interests. It is proposed that by understanding the different conceptualisations of the consumer over time, we can explore their implications for putting authentic consumer-centric marketing into practise.Design/methodology/approach– A thematic analysis of marketing thought as reflected in the marketing literature.Findings– This review of the history of marketing thought bears out a diversity of opinions concerning the role of consumers in aiding marketing efficiency and effectiveness. Not all views of the customer are nurturing of the marketing concept nor predicated on a solicitous relationship with consumers. A demonstrable lack of consumer orientation can lead to a distrust of marketers as well as the extant marketing system. Often additional regulation of marketers and markets is a compensating result and sometimes the structure of the marketing system itself may require adjustment.Originality/value– This paper is intended to nudge marketing academics to more thoughtfully examine the pragmatic implications of how marketing managers conceive of the typical consumer. After conducting a thematic analysis of marketing thought, a normative ethical argument is then put forward concerning why an adherence to this fragile grand vision of marketing – genuine customer concern – is important for prudential marketing and the overall health of the marketing system.
Anthropomorphic packaging: is there life on “Mars”?
Authors: Triantos Alexandros , Plakoyiannaki Emmanuella , Outra Evaggelia , Petridis Nikolaos 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– Anthropomorphism is the innate human tendency to attribute human or human-like characteristics to non-human entities or objects. Even though it is widely used by marketing practitioners, there is a scarcity of academic research that systematically attempts to capture this phenomenon. The aim of the current study is to investigate anthropomorphism in product packages of the 2010 Nielsen’s Top 100 grocery brands in the UK.Design/methodology/approach– This study uses a mixed-method design combining quantitative content analysis and correspondence analysis. The former methodology allowed for documentation of anthropomorphic package elements, whereas the latter facilitated the study of structural relationships between anthropomorphic cues and product-related attributes such as type, category and target market.Findings– The findings reveal that anthropomorphism is widely used in the packaging of grocery brands in the sample investigated. Moreover, the evidence shows that there appears to be an association between anthropomorphism and product-related attributes.Research limitations/implications– The current study contributes to both theory and practice. It illuminates the under-investigated interface of anthropomorphism and marketing by capturing anthropomorphic elements appearing in product packaging. The combination of anthropomorphic package elements and product-related attributes may assist managers in designing their packages to provide unique product experiences.Originality/value– This study serves as a roadmap for both academics and practitioners wishing to engage in a fruitful dialogue on the emerging area of anthropomorphic marketing.
Ethics as a catalyst for change in business education?
Authors: Huehn Matthias P 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to hypothesise that business theory and education suffer from having been systematically de-philosophised over the last 200 years. Viewed through this lens the economistic narrative can be understood and new and integrated solutions to theoretical and pedagogical problems can be debated.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is a theoretical exploration based on a literature review and philosophical analysis.

Findings
– Going back to a social science philosophy would fundamentally affect how management is conceptualised, done and taught. The paper focuses on outlining the impact a re-philosophisation would have on management education.

Practical implications
– If one agrees that philosophy plays a too small role in management, it would change how scholarship is currently defined and how management education functions. Business schools would have to fundamentally change in every respect.

Originality/value
– Current criticism of the management mainstream focuses on either the political/ethical or the epistemic level. The paper argues that the epistemic and the ethical are connected and by making an integrated argument the debate can be re-energised and solution strategies become obvious. I am not aware of any other contribution making this argument. Ghoshal (unwittingly) used the same reasoning but without using the clear frame of reference (philosophy) that this paper proposes.