bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose–response relationship of dietary Omega-3 fatty acids on slowing phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wu Dongzhe , Jia Yishuai , Liu Yujia , Shang Mingyu 
Published: September 2024

PurposeThis study investigates the association between dietary Omega-3 fatty acid intake and accelerated phenotypic aging, referred to as PhenoAgeAccel. PhenoAgeAccel is defined as the difference between phenotypic biological age, calculated using blood biochemical markers, and chronological age. This study assesses the potential of Omega-3 intake to slow biological aging and its implications for public health.MethodsUtilizing data from the NHANES from 1999 to 2018, this cross-sectional study included 20,337 adult participants. Through a nationally representative sample combined with comprehensive phenotypic age calculation methods, a cross-sectional analysis of Omega-3 fatty acid intake and accelerated phenotypic aging was conducted. Weighted generalized linear regression models and restricted cubic spline analyses were applied to explore the potential non-linear relationships between them. Threshold effects were further clarified through piecewise regression models, and the impact of different demographic and health characteristics was evaluated through interaction effect tests.ResultsAfter adjusting for various potential confounding factors, a significant negative correlation was found between Omega-3 fatty acid intake and PhenoAgeAccel (β = −0.071; 95% CI: −0.119, −0.024; p = 0.004), indicating that an increase in Omega-3 intake is associated with a slowdown in PhenoAgeAccel. Specifically, for each unit increase in Omega-3 intake, the accelerated phenotypic aging decreased by an average of 0.071 units, revealing a significant linear negative correlation between Omega-3 intake and PhenoAgeAccel. Moreover, threshold effect analysis identified an Omega-3 fatty acid intake threshold (1.103 grams/day), beyond which the impact of Omega-3 intake on accelerated phenotypic aging tends to stabilize. Additionally, factors such as gender, age, race, and hypertension may influence the relationship between Omega-3 intake and PhenoAgeAccel, suggesting individual dietary guidance needs in different populations.ConclusionThis study highlights the potential role of dietary Omega-3 fatty acids in regulating PhenoAgeAccel and supports the strategy of delaying the aging process through dietary interventions to increase Omega-3 intake. The findings of this study contributes to the development of precise nutritional intervention strategies for different populations to optimize healthy longevity.
Association between breastfeeding duration and BMI, 2009–2018: a population-based study
Authors: Sun Jiaqing , Han Jian , Jiang Xiaofeng , Ying Yali , Li Shenghao 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn the 21st century, childhood overweight and obesity have become major public health issues worldwide. Previous studies have shown that breastfeeding helps prevent overweight or obesity in children. Despite the significant advantages of breastfeeding, the global exclusive breastfeeding rate for infants under 6 months old is only 40%, while in the United States, the rate is only 25%. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between breastfeeding duration and BMI in children aged 2 to 6 in the United States, and to raise awareness of breastfeeding.MethodsA cross-sectional study included 2,769 participants between the ages of 2 and 6 from a sample that represented the entire NHANES 2009–2018. Data was analyzed using EmpowerStats, (www.empowerstats.com) linear regression as well as Chi-square test, t-tests, multivariate regression analysis and smooth cure fitting were done.ResultsBreastfeeding duration long-term group exhibited a statistically significant negative association with BMI, with a regression coefficient of −0.21 (P &lt; 0.05). The continuous analysis of breastfeeding duration by tertile also demonstrate a statistically significant negative association with BMI. Subgroup analysis revealed that the potential benefits of breastfeeding on BMI were more obvious in low-income environments and maternal age 18 to 35 years, with a regression coefficient of −0.57 and −0.24, respectively (all P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe findings emphasize the importance of breastfeeding in reducing childhood overweight/obesity and preventing associated diseases, both in clinical and public health settings.
Saffron (Crocus sativus) and its constituents in ovalbumin-induced asthma model: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ghobadi Hassan , Aslani Farzin , Boskabady Mohammad Hossein , Saadat Saeideh , Aslani Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundAnimal and human studies have demonstrated that the saffron and the active components of saffron, including crocin, crocetin, and safranal, possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. In this meta-analysis, the preclinical evidence and potential mechanism of saffron were explored in an animal model of ovalbumin-induced asthma.MethodsStudies related to saffron and its constituents in an animal model of ovalbumin-induced asthma from the beginning to March 2024 were searched from Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the 15-item CAMARADES checklist. Data analysis was performed using STATA software version 17.ResultsThirteen studies with 536 animals (268 animals in the intervention group and 268 animals in the ovalbumin-induced group) were analyzed. The meta-analysis findings demonstrated that saffron and its constituents played a significant role in reducing total WBC, eosinophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts. Moreover, saffron showed a significant decrease in the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IgE, histamine, endothelin, nitric oxide, and nitrite. Moreover, saffron was found to elevate EC50 thresholds and lower maximum response rates in experimental animals. The analysis revealed a significant identification of modulation in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers and miRNAs pathways.ConclusionSaffron and its components may impact ovalbumin-induced asthma model in animals through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory pathways, as well as improving pulmonary function and modulating ER stress markers and miRNAs pathways. As a result, saffron should be considered for further clinical trials in individuals suffering from asthma.
Dialectal tsunamis emerging from the Simmel effect: a statistical approach to the snail-paced spread of cultural epidemic
Authors: Hayata Kazuya 
Published: September 2024

An attempt is made to settle the controversy on a theory of the concentric distribution of dialectal variants for snails. This theory was presented in 1927 by Kunio Yanagita (1875–1962), outstanding Japanese folklorist. Over more than 95 years, however, its verification remains pending. On the basis of the recent achievement in the linguistic atlas project, time series analysis is made for fitting to the long-tailed rank-frequency relations of cumulative syllabics that are included in the entire dialect sequence of snails. The time reversal asymmetry (TRA) is revealed through comparison between the forward and backward analysis. The validity of the methodology is confirmed through comparison with results for several examples. Computed results show substantial TRAs between the periphery-to-center and center-to-periphery analysis for fitting to the long-tailed distribution in the cumulative frequency versus rank. This feature for the categorial data sequence is consistent with those observed for typical numerical data such as music and heartbeat signals that obey non-Gaussian statistics. Application to the most parsimonious principle yields results being compatible with the above ones, which reproduces the validity of our conclusion. Finally, perturbation analysis is made for several artificially disturbed arrangements of the dialectal strata.
Practices, strategies, and challenges in antibiotic treatment and prevention of antimicrobial resistance from the perspectives of Romanian community pharmacists and general practitioners: a Goffman-inspired qualitative interview study
Authors: Balea Lavinia Bianca , Glasdam Stinne 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a persistent and ascensive global threat influenced by antibiotic misuse and overuse. In the Romanian context, patterns of antibiotic consumption and resistance within the healthcare system are marked in the red scenario on the European map. General practitioners and pharmacists, among others, play a major role in stewardship towards AMR.AimTo explore the practices, strategies, and challenges in antibiotic treatment and prevention of antimicrobial resistance from the perspectives of Romanian community pharmacists and general practitioners.Method and MaterialsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with six general practitioners and five community pharmacists in Romania from January to March 2024. An inductive, Goffman theory-inspired thematic analysis was conducted, inspired by Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis method, consisting of familiarization with the data, iterative coding guided by theoretically inspired questions, and identification and refinement of (sub)themes. Goffman’s theory of social interaction, focusing on the concepts of front stage, backstage, and roles, guided the analytical questions.ResultsThe results were presented in three overarching themes: ‘Knowledge acquired backstage to support challenges and performance on front stage’, ‘Adapting roles and performances on the front stage: A mix of structured and twisted acts’, and ‘Interprofessional Collaboration: A latent part in the play’s roles and performances’. Professionals prepared their understandings of AMR and antibiotics backstage, with an awareness of the challenges rooted in the Romanian context. The front stage scenario evolved from structured antibiotic performances led by AMR strategies with compliant actors to challenging performances influenced by actors which changed the course of performances and intended AMR strategies. The revealed competition between general practitioners and pharmacists further complicated antibiotic use and AMR-related performances.ConclusionThe Romanian socio-political system influenced the course of antibiotic treatment and the professionals’ intended antibiotic related practices and AMR strategies. The study showed a theory-practice gap in health professionals’ practices, leading to limited strategy integration towards AMR and increased antibiotic use. The study underscores the need for context-specific policies and interventions to minimize identified gaps.
Novel Pyrrole Derivatives as Multi-Target Agents for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, In Silico Studies and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Mateev Emilio , Karatchobanov Valentin , Dedja Marjano , Diamantakos Konstantinos , Mateeva Alexandrina , Muhammed Muhammed Tilahun , Irfan Ali , Kondeva-Burdina Magdalena , Valkova Iva , Georgieva Maya , Zlatkov Alexander 
Published: September 2024

Considering the complex pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the multi-target ligand strategy is expected to provide superior effects for the treatment of the neurological disease compared to the classic single target strategy. Thus, one novel pyrrole-based hydrazide (vh0) and four corresponding hydrazide–hydrazones (vh1-4) were synthesized by applying highly efficient MW-assisted synthetic protocols. The synthetic pathway provided excellent yields and reduced reaction times under microwave conditions compared to conventional heating. The biological assays indicated that most of the novel pyrroles are selective MAO-B inhibitors with IC50 in the nanomolar range (665 nM) and moderate AChE inhibitors. The best dual-acting MAO-B/AChE inhibitor (IC50 hMAOB–0.665 μM; IC50 eeAChE—4.145 μM) was the unsubstituted pyrrole-based hydrazide (vh0). Importantly, none of the novel molecules displayed hMAOA-blocking capacities. The radical-scavenging properties of the compounds were examined using DPPH and ABTS in vitro tests. Notably, the hydrazide vh0 demonstrated the best antioxidant activities. In addition, in silico simulations using molecular docking and MM/GBSA, targeting the AChE (PDB ID: 4EY6) and MAO-B (PDB: 2V5Z), were utilized to obtain active conformations and to optimize the most prominent dual inhibitor (vh0). The ADME and in vitro PAMPA studies demonstrated that vh0 could cross the blood–brain barrier, and it poses good lead-like properties. Moreover, the optimized molecular structures and the frontier molecular orbitals were examined via DFT studies at 6-311G basis set in the ground state.
KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Diana Ridma , Rodhiyana Mu'allimah 
Published: September 2024

Era digital ditandai dengan adanya pembaharuan alat-alat teknologi yang salah satunya seperti komputer dan jaringan internet yang dijadikan sebagai dasar perkembangan teknologi.Guru merupakan seorang yang bertanggung jawab dalam mencerdaskan peserta didik di dalam lembaga pendidikan. Guru selayaknya memiliki dedikasi dan loyalitas serta berusaha membimbing dan membina peserta didik agar di masa depan dapat menjadi pribadi dan genarasi yang dapat berguna bagi Negara. Kompetensi guru merupakan kompenen yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap guru dalam setiap jenjang pendidikan. Sebagaimana di jelaskan dalam Undang-undang Nomor 14 tahun 2015 tentang Guru dan Dosen yang menegaskan bahwa guru harus kompeten dan professional,yang kemudian dijelaskan kembali dalam Permendiknas Nomor 16 Tahun 2007 tentang standar kualifikasi akademik dan kompetensi guru yang menetapkan bahwa guru harus memiliki standar minimum kualifikasi akademik dan kompetensi yang menjadi syarat yaitu, kompetensi pedagogik, personal, sosial dan profesional. Beberapa kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh guru PAI, antara lain : (1) Kompetensi pembelajaran (educational competency) yaitu, berbasis internet sebagai basic skill, (2) Competence for technological commercialization, artinya seorang guru harus mempunyai kompetensi yang akan membawa peserta didik memiliki sikap entreupeneurship dengan teknologi atas hasil karya inovasi peserta didik, (3) Competence in globalization, yaitu kompetensi guru tidak gagap terhadap budaya dan mampu meyelesaikan persoalan pendidikan, (4) Competence in future strategies dalam arti kompetensi untuk memprediksi dengan tepat apa yang akan terjadi di masa depan dan strateginya, dengan cara joint lecture, joint-researsh, joint resources, staff mobility dan rotasi, (4) Counselor competency, yaitu kompetensi guru untuk memahami bahwa ke depan masalah peserta didik bukan hanya kesulitan memahami materi ajar, tetapi juga terkait masalah psikologis akibat perkembangan zaman.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Soraya Syarifah , Alizza Navis Nur 
Published: September 2024

Lingkungan belajar merupakan wilayah dengan segenap isinya yang saling berhubungan dengan kegiatan belajar. Hasil belajar merupakan perubahan tingkah laku siswa secara nyata setelah di lakukan proses belajar mengajar yang sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil pra survey menyebutkan bahwa pihak sekolah telah memberikan pelayanan yang baik akan tetapi hasil belajar beberapa siswa masih rendah . Hal ini dapat di lihat dari kurang aktif nya siswa ketika mengikuti proses pembelajaran .Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMP Assyairiyah Attahiriyah Kec.Cakung Kota Jakarta Timur dan seberapa besar pengaruh lingkungan terhadap hasil belajar siswa di Smp Assyairiyah Attahiriyah Kec.Cakung Kota Jakarta Timur.Bentuk penelitian ini kuantitatif. Adapun populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII yang berjumlah 110 siswa. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 33 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket dan instrumen tes dan teknik analisis data menggunakan jenis korelasional. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diketahui bahwa ada pengaruh lingkungan terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam . Hal ini dilihat dari pengujian koefisien determinasi nilai korelasi/ hubungan (R) yaitu sebesar 0,520, dari output tersebut diperoleh koefisien determinasi ( R Square) sebesar 0,271, yang mengandung pengertian bahwa pengaruh variabel bebas (lingkungan belajar) terhadap variabel terikat (hasil belajar) adalah sebesar 27,1%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa lingkungan belajar memberikan pengaruh yang cukup signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
Impactos do isolamento social em pacientes pediátricos com Trastorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade durante a pandemia do COVID-19
Authors: Neuenschwander Alice Campos , Chaves Ana Clara Dias Resende , Messias Beatriz Chiari , Paiva Bruna Stancioli , Pádua Bárbara Isidoro Faria de 
Published: September 2024

O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH), conforme descrito no DSM-5, é uma condição neuropsiquiátrica marcada por sintomas de desatenção e/ou hiperatividade-impulsividade, afetando significativamente o funcionamento dos indivíduos. A pandemia do COVID-19, iniciada no ano de 2020, foi responsável por diversos impactos em âmbito mundial, especialmente entre indivíduos com transtornos psiquiátricos. Assim, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de artigos escritos entre 2020 e 2021 para se analisar tais repercussões. Inicialmente foi-se observado que a pandemia foi responsável pela exacerbação de desafios devido ao isolamento social e à interrupção das rotinas, impactando negativamente tanto os pacientes quanto suas famílias. Foram constatadas dificuldades no atendimento médico das crianças com TDAH, como consultas adiadas e avaliação prejudicada devido à falta de suporte para telemedicina, além de uma deterioração na qualidade de vida dos cuidadores devido ao estresse adicional e à dificuldade em acompanhar a educação remota e em lidar com a mudança nas rotinas familiares. Os pacientes com TDAH enfrentaram problemas como piora na autoestima e do controle emocional devido à perda do convívio social, aumento do tempo de tela e distúrbios no sono. No entanto, o isolamento também trouxe alguns benefícios. A flexibilidade das aulas a distância e a redução de distrações contribuíram para melhorias na desatenção e agitação em alguns casos, especialmente entre os pacientes com TDAH de nível moderado a alto, ao reduzir o estresse associado ao ambiente escolar. Além disso, o menor número de comparações sociais ajudou a aumentar a autoestima em alguns indivíduos.
Determinants and Strategies of Knowledge Transfer in Teaching Hospitals
Authors: Chluska Jolanta 
Published: September 2024

Teaching hospitals are healthcare entities rendering healthcare services to patients. Specialized medical staff not only provide medical services, but also educate future medical staff, conduct clinical research and support the development of medical technologies. The majority of these staff are also research and teaching staff at medical universities. The aim of this article is to identify the determinants of knowledge transfer and the intellectual potential of employees in the relationship between teaching hospitals and medical universities. The inference was made on the basis of the available development strategies of medical universities, including reference to the intellectual potential of employees and the mission of teaching hospitals published on their websites. The following research questions were posed: Is the mission of medical universities consistent with the mission of teaching hospitals? Does the transfer of knowledge and skills of medical staff between a medical university and its teaching hospital contribute to the mission of teaching hospitals? The preliminary findings indicate that the intellectual capital of the scientific-medical staff is of vital importance in the mission of teaching hospitals, which is on a par with the development of the facilities. The analyses were of an expert nature, from the perspective of a statutory auditor and a long-standing researcher of the problems of the functioning of medical entities, namely hospitals. The considerations undertaken in the article are an important voice in the recognition of the determinants for the development of teaching hospitals as entities with intellectual capital useful in solving international health problems. The article is a continuation of the author's research on the development of intellectual capital of employees of teaching hospitals in Poland. The relationship between the findings of the development strategies of medical universities (the founding bodies) and the mission statements of their teaching hospitals confirm their coherence and complementarity.
Managing Knowledge in a Tourism Crisis: Case Study From Poland
Authors: Stolarek-Muszyńska Ewa , Zieba Malgorzata , Bolisani Ettore , Scarso Enrico 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study deals with a tourism organisation from Poland, which experienced not only the COVID-19 pandemic, but also the close war situation in Ukraine which caused a significant decrease in tourist traffic and revenues. Since, based on the literature, knowledge management can be useful for crisis management, this study aims to explore the role and usefulness of KM during crisis situations in tourism. Methodology: Qualitative in-depth analysis was conducted by using data collected via semi-structured interview with the CEO of a local tourism organisation in Poland. The research output is presented in the form of a single case study with that organisation as the unit of analysis. Findings: The case highlighted that: a) a crisis may not be the most appropriate time for the implementation of KM from the scratch in an organisation; b) having some minimal KM experience can be essential for a more structured and complex KM approach; c) organisations may benefit from lessons learned during the crisis to get insights for developing KM. These findings suggest that practitioners and policymakers facilitate KM awareness among tourism organisations to enhance resilience in coping with future crises. Research limitations: This is a single case study and thus it cannot be easily generalised or provide a comprehensive overview of the whole sector. It is also a case study from a single country, affected by two serious crises which limits the applicability of the results to other countries. Practical implications: The study provides useful insights for practitioners in tourism organisations aspiring to improve internal processes of knowledge management and thus mitigating the future tourism crises. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the body of knowledge in terms of the role and relevance of KM during the tourism crisis. It provides food for thought for researchers investigating the knowledge and crisis management processes within the tourism industry.