bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication self-management skills and cognitive impairment in older adults hospitalized for heart failure: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Howell Erik H , Senapati Alpana , Hsich Eileen , Gorodeski Eiran Z 
Published: March 2017

Background: Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent among older adults (aged ≥65 years) hospitalized for heart failure and has been associated with poor outcomes. Poor medication self-management skills have been associated with poor outcomes in this population as well. The presence and extent of an association between cognitive impairment and poor medication self-management skills in this population has not been clearly defined. Objective: We assessed the cognition of consecutive older adults hospitalized for heart failure, in relation to their medication self-management skills. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of older adults (aged ≥65 years) who were hospitalized for heart failure and were being discharged home. Prior to discharge, we assessed cognition using the Mini-Cog. We also tested patients’ ability to read a pill bottle label, open a pill bottle safety cap, and allocate mock pills to a pill box. Pill allocation performance was assessed quantitatively (counts of errors of omission and commission) and qualitatively (patterns suggestive of knowledge-based mistakes, rule-based mistakes, or skill-based slips). Results: Of 55 participants, 22% were found to have cognitive impairment. Patients with cognitive impairment tended to be older as compared to those without cognitive impairment (mean age = 81 vs 76 years, p = NS). Patients with cognitive impairment had a higher prevalence of inability to read pill bottle label (prevalence ratio = 5.8, 95% confidence interval = 3.2–10.5, p = 0.001) and inability to open pill bottle safety cap (prevalence ratio = 3.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.3–8.4, p = 0.03). While most patients (65%) had pill-allocation errors regardless of cognition, those patients with cognitive impairment tended to have more errors of omission (mean number of errors = 48 vs 23, p = 0.006), as well as more knowledge-based mistakes (75% vs 40%, p = 0.03). Conclusion: There is an association between cognitive impairment and poor medication self-management skills. Medication taking failures due to poor medication self-management skills may be part of the pathway linking cognitive impairment to poor post-discharge outcomes among patients with heart failure transitioning from hospital to home.
Cell-surface C-type lectin-like receptor CLEC-1 dampens dendritic cell activation and downstream Th17 responses
Authors: Lopez Robles Maria Dolores , Pallier Annaick , Huchet Virginie , Le Texier Laetitia , Remy Severine , Braudeau Cecile , Delbos Laurence , Moreau Aurelie , Louvet Cedric , Brosseau Carole , Royer Pierre-Joseph , Magnan Antoine , Halary Franck , Josien Regis , Cuturi Maria-Cristina , Anegon Ignacio , Chiffoleau Elise 
Published: March 2017

Key PointsCLEC-1 is restricted to CD16− myeloid DCs in human blood and acts as an inhibitory receptor to restrain downstream Th17 activation. CLEC-1–deficient rats highlight an in vivo function for CLEC-1 in preventing excessive T-cell priming and effector Th responses.
Transbronchial cryobiopsy in interstitial lung disease: experience in 106 cases – how to do it
Authors: Bango-Álvarez Antonio , Ariza-Prota Miguel , Torres-Rivas Hector , Fernández-Fernández Luis , Prieto Amador , Sánchez Inmaculada , Gil Maria , Pando-Sandoval Ana 
Published: March 2017

Transbronchial biopsy using forceps (TBB) is the first diagnostic technique performed on patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, the small size of the samples and the presence of artefacts in the tissue obtained make the yield variable.Our objectives were 1) to attempt to reproduce transbronchial cryobiopsy under the same conditions with which we performed conventional TBB, that is, in the bronchoscopy unit without intubating the patient and without fluoroscopy or general anaesthesia; 2) to describe the method used for its execution; and 3) to analyse the diagnostic yield and its complications.We carried out a prospective study that included 106 patients with clinical and radiological features suggestive of ILD who underwent cryo-transbronchial lung biopsy (cryo-TBB) under moderate sedation without endotracheal intubation, general anaesthesia or use of fluoroscopy. We performed the procedure using two flexible bronchoscopes connected to two video processors, which we alternated until obtaining the number of desired samples.A definitive diagnosis was obtained in 91 patients (86%). As for complications, there were five pneumothoraces (4.7%) and in no case was there severe haemorrhage or exacerbation of the underlying interstitial disease. Cryo-TBB following our method is a minimally invasive, rapid, safe and economic technique that can be performed in a bronchoscopy suite under moderate sedation without the need for intubating the patient or using fluoroscopy and without requiring general anaesthesia.
Automation of PacBio SMRTbell NGS library preparation for bacterial genome sequencing
Authors: Kong Nguyet , Ng Whitney , Thao Kao , Agulto Regina , Weis Allison , Kim Kristi Spittle , Korlach Jonas , Hickey Luke , Kelly Lenore , Lappin Stephen , Weimer Bart C. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background
The PacBio RS II provides for single molecule, real-time DNA technology to sequence genomes and detect DNA modifications. The starting point for high-quality sequence production is high molecular weight genomic DNA. To automate the library preparation process, there must be high-throughput methods in place to assess the genomic DNA, to ensure the size and amounts of the sheared DNA fragments and final library.

Findings
The library construction automation was accomplished using the Agilent NGS workstation with Bravo accessories for heating, shaking, cooling, and magnetic bead manipulations for template purification.
The quality control methods from gDNA input to final library using the Agilent Bioanalyzer System and Agilent TapeStation System were evaluated.

Conclusions
Automated protocols of PacBio 10 kb library preparation produced libraries with similar technical performance to those generated manually. The TapeStation System proved to be a reliable method that could be used in a 96-well plate format to QC the DNA equivalent to the standard Bioanalyzer System results. The DNA Integrity Number that is calculated in the TapeStation System software upon analysis of genomic DNA is quite helpful to assure that the starting genomic DNA is not degraded. In this respect, the gDNA assay on the TapeStation System is preferable to the DNA 12000 assay on the Bioanalyzer System, which cannot run genomic DNA, nor can the Bioanalyzer work directly from the 96-well plates.
Massive Transfusion in Cardiac Surgery: The Impact of Blood Component Ratios on Clinical Outcomes and Survival
Authors: Delaney Meghan , Stark Paul C. , Suh Minhyung , Triulzi Darrell J. , Hess John R. , Steiner Marie E. , Stowell Christopher P. , Sloan Steven R. 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:
Cardiac surgery is the most common setting for massive transfusion in medically advanced countries. Studies of massive transfusion after injury suggest that the ratios of administered plasma and platelets (PLT) to red blood cells (RBCs) affect mortality. Data from the Red Cell Storage Duration Study (RECESS), a large randomized trial of the effect of RBC storage duration in patients undergoing complex cardiac surgery, were analyzed retrospectively to investigate the association between blood component ratios used in massively transfused patients and subsequent clinical outcomes.

METHODS:
Massive transfusion was defined as those who had ≥6 RBC units or ≥8 total blood components. For plasma, high ratio was defined as ≥1 plasma unit:1 RBC unit. For PLT transfusion, high ratio was defined as ≥0.2 PLT doses:1 RBC unit; PLT dose was defined as 1 apheresis PLT or 5 whole blood PLT equivalents. The clinical outcomes analyzed were mortality and the change in the Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score (ΔMODS) comparing the preoperative score with the highest composite score through the earliest of death, discharge, or day 7. Outcomes were compared between patients transfused with high and low ratios. Linear and Cox regression were used to explore relationships between predictors and continuous outcomes and time to event outcomes.

RESULTS:
A total of 324 subjects met the definition of massive transfusion. In those receiving high plasma:RBC ratio, the mean (SE) 7- and 28-day ΔMODS was 1.24 (0.45) and 1.26 (0.56) points lower, (P = .007 and P = .024), respectively, than in patients receiving lower ratios. In patients receiving high PLT:RBC ratio, the mean (SE) 7- and 28-day ΔMODS were 1.55 (0.53) and 1.49 (0.65) points lower (P = .004 and P = .022), respectively. Subjects who received low-ratio plasma:RBC transfusion had excess 7-day mortality compared with those who received high ratio (7.2% vs 1.7%, respectively, P = .0318), which remained significant at 28 days (P = .035). The ratio of PLT:RBCs was not associated with differences in mortality.

CONCLUSIONS:
This analysis found that in complex cardiac surgery patients who received massive transfusion, there was an association between the composition of blood products used and clinical outcomes. Specifically, there was less organ dysfunction in those who received high-ratio transfusions (plasma:RBCs and PLT:RBCs), and lower mortality in those who received high-ratio plasma:RBC transfusions.
Video-Based Physiologic Monitoring During an Acute Hypoxic Challenge: Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate, and Oxygen Saturation
Authors: Addison Paul S. , Jacquel Dominique , Foo David M. H. , Antunes André , Borg Ulf R. 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:
The physiologic information contained in the video photoplethysmogram is well documented. However, extracting this information during challenging conditions requires new analysis techniques to capture and process the video image streams to extract clinically useful physiologic parameters. We hypothesized that heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation trending can be evaluated accurately from video information during acute hypoxia.

METHODS:
Video footage was acquired from multiple desaturation episodes during a porcine model of acute hypoxia using a standard visible light camera. A novel in-house algorithm was used to extract photoplethysmographic cardiac pulse and respiratory information from the video image streams and process it to extract a continuously reported video-based heart rate (HRvid), respiratory rate (RRvid), and oxygen saturation (SvidO2). This information was then compared with HR and oxygen saturation references from commercial pulse oximetry and the known rate of respiration from the ventilator.

RESULTS:
Eighty-eight minutes of data were acquired during 16 hypoxic episodes in 8 animals. A linear mixed-effects regression showed excellent responses relative to a nonhypoxic reference signal with slopes of 0.976 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.973–0.979) for HRvid; 1.135 (95% CI, 1.101–1.168) for RRvid, and 0.913 (95% CI, 0.905–0.920) for video-based oxygen saturation. These results were obtained while maintaining continuous uninterrupted vital sign monitoring for the entire study period.

CONCLUSIONS:
Video-based monitoring of HR, RR, and oxygen saturation may be performed with reasonable accuracy during acute hypoxic conditions in an anesthetized porcine hypoxia model using standard visible light camera equipment. However, the study was conducted during relatively low motion. A better understanding of the effect of motion and the effect of ambient light on the video photoplethysmogram may help refine this monitoring technology for use in the clinical environment.
Inhaled Remimazolam Potentiates Inhaled Remifentanil in Rodents
Authors: Bevans Tatjana , Deering-Rice Cassandra , Stockmann Chris , Rower Joseph , Sakata Derek , Reilly Christopher 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:
Remimazolam is an ester-based short-acting benzodiazepine currently in clinical trials for IV administration. This study explored the feasibility of delivering remimazolam alone and as an adjunct to remifentanil via inhalation in rodent models.

METHODS:
Mice were exposed to remimazolam via inhalation; sedation was assessed using time to movement outside a set perimeter. Rats were also exposed to remimazolam aerosol alone and in combination with inhaled remifentanil, and analgesia was quantified by using a tail flick meter. Pulmonary injury was assessed in mice using mechanics measurements.

RESULTS:
Mice showed significantly increased time to movement outside a set perimeter after 5-minute exposure to increasing concentrations (10–25 mg/mL solutions) of inhaled remimazolam aerosols. Differences in mean (95% confidence interval) time to movement from pretest baseline group (0.05 [0.01–0.09] minutes) were 11 (4–18), 15 (5–26), 30 (19–41), and 109 (103–115) minutes after exposure to remimazolam aerosol of 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg/mL, respectively (P = .007 – P < .0001). Exposure of rats to remimazolam aerosols alone failed to produce sedation or analgesia after a 5-minute exposure. When remimazolam (10 or 25 mg/mL) was administered in combination with 250 μg/mL remifentanil, there was a significant difference in time to tail flick (P < .0001) consistent with a strong analgesic effect. Mean (95% confidence interval) differences in time to tail flick from the pretest baseline group (3.2 [2.5–3.9] seconds) were 14 (10–18) seconds when 250 μg/mL remifentanil was administered with either 10 or 25 mg/mL remimazolam. Remimazolam alone or in combination with remifentanil did not cause lung irritation, bronchospasm, or other adverse pulmonary events to the respiratory tract of mice as assessed by Flexi-Vent pulmonary function tests.

CONCLUSIONS:
Remimazolam can significantly potentiate the analgesic effect of remifentanil when concurrently delivered via inhalation.
Thermally Stable Monosubstituted Thiophene 1-Oxide and 1-Imides Stabilized by a Bulky Rind Group at Their 3-Position: Synthesis, Structure, and Inversion Barriers on the Sulfur Atom
Authors: Otani Takashi , Miyoshi Mayu , Shibata Takanori , Matsuo Tsukasa , Hashizume Daisuke , Tamao Kohei 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of thermally stable monosubstituted thiophene 1-oxide and 1-imides stabilized by EMind (1,1,7,7-tetraethyl-3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-s-hydrindacen-4-yl) group on the 3-position are described. In addition to the molecular structures determined by X-ray crystallography, inversion barriers at the three-coordinated sulfur atoms have been determined by a coalescence method using diastereotopic C-3 and C-5 indacene carbon atoms as a 13C NMR probe.
Information Feedback, Targeting, and Coordination: An Experimental Study
Authors: Hashim Matthew J. , Kannan Karthik N. , Maximiano Sandra 
Published: March 2017

There are many contexts in which an “everybody else is doing it” attitude is relevant. We evaluate the impact of this attitude in a multithreshold public goods game. We use a lab experiment to study the role of providing information about contribution behavior to targeted subsets of individuals, and its effect on coordination. Treatments include one in which no information is provided and three other treatments, i.e., where information is provided to a random sample of subjects; to those whose contributions are below the average of their group, and to those whose contributions are above the average of their group. We find that the random provision of information is no different than not providing information. More important, average contributions improve with targeted treatments. Coordination waste is also lower with targeted treatments. The insights from this research are more broadly relevant in the contexts of piracy, open innovation, and crowdfunding. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2016.0663
Translated Attributes as Choice Architecture: Aligning Objectives and Choices Through Decision Signposts
Authors: Ungemach Christoph , Camilleri Adrian R. , Johnson Eric J. , Larrick Richard P. , Weber Elke U. 
Published: March 2017

Every attribute can be expressed in multiple ways. For example, car fuel economy can be expressed as fuel efficiency (“miles per gallon”), fuel cost in dollars, or tons of greenhouse gases emitted. Each expression, or “translation,” highlights a different aspect of the same attribute. We describe a new mechanism whereby translated attributes can serve as decision “signposts” because they (1) activate otherwise dormant objectives, such as proenvironmental values and goals, and (2) direct the person toward the option that best achieves the activated objective. Across three experiments, we provide evidence for the occurrence of such signpost effects as well as the underlying psychological mechanism. We demonstrate that expressing an attribute such as fuel economy in terms of multiple translations can increase preference for the option that is better aligned with objectives congruent with this attribute (e.g., the more fuel-efficient car for those with proenvironmental attitudes), even when the new information is derivable from other known attributes. We discuss how using translated attributes appropriately can help align a person’s choices with their personal objectives. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2703 . This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.
Faktor Prediktor Malnutrisi Rumah Sakit pada Anak
Authors: Maryani Elvia , Prawirohartono Endy Paryanto , Nugroho Sasmito 
Published: March 2017

Latar belakang. Perawatan anak di rumah sakit berisiko terhadap kejadian malnutrisi rumah sakit akibat dari penurunan asupan makan, hipermetabolisme, malabsorbsi dan kehilangan nutrisi. Malnutrisi berdampak pada peningkatan kejadian komplikasi penyakit, lama rawat, dan biaya pelayanan. Tujuan. Melakukan evaluasi asupan makan, status nutrisi awal, demam, diare, keganasan, diagnosis multipel dan derajat penyakit sebagai faktor prediktor malnutrisi rumah sakit pada anak.Metode. Penelitian prospektif dilakukan pada pasien anak yang dirawat di RSUP Dr Sardjito usia 1 bulan sampai 18 tahun pada bulan September sampai dengan Oktober 2012. Subyek diambil secara konsekutif. Didapat 224 subyek, 20 tidak dianalisis karena data tidak lengkap. Berat badan diukur setiap hari pada kondisi yang sama sampai dengan pasien dipulangkan. Malnutrisi rumah sakit jika penurunan berat badan >2% (perawatan <7 hari), 5% (perawatan 8 sampai 30 hari) atau 10% (perawatan >30 hari). Asupan makan, status nutrisi, demam, diare, keganasan, diagnosis multipel dan derajat penyakit dinilai dalam 48 jam pertama perawatan.Hasil. Proporsi malnutrisi rumah sakit pada anak 27%. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa derajat penyakit adalah faktor prediktor malnutrisi rumah sakit pada anak (RR=2,56; IK=1,22-5,38).Kesimpulan Derajat penyakit adalah faktor prediktor malnutrisi rumah sakit pada anak.
Pressure overload leads to an increased accumulation and activity of mast cells in the right ventricle
Authors: Luitel Himal , Sydykov Akylbek , Schymura Yves , Mamazhakypov Argen , Janssen Wiebke , Pradhan Kabita , Wietelmann Astrid , Kosanovic Djuro , Dahal Bhola Kumar , Weissmann Norbert , Seeger Werner , Grimminger Friedrich , Ghofrani Hossein Ardeschir , Schermuly Ralph Theo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRight ventricular (RV) remodeling represents a complex set of functional and structural adaptations in response to chronic pressure or volume overload due to various inborn defects or acquired diseases and is an important determinant of patient outcome. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. We investigated the time course of structural and functional changes in the RV in the murine model of pressure overload‐induced RV hypertrophy in C57Bl/6J mice. Using magnetic resonance imaging, we assessed the changes of RV structure and function at different time points for a period of 21 days. Pressure overload led to significant dilatation, cellular and chamber hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and functional impairment of the RV. Progressive remodeling of the RV after pulmonary artery banding (PAB) in mice was associated with upregulation of myocardial gene markers of hypertrophy and fibrosis. Furthermore, remodeling of the RV was associated with accumulation and activation of mast cells in the RV tissue of PAB mice. Our data suggest possible involvement of mast cells in the RV remodeling process in response to pressure overload. Mast cells may thus represent an interesting target for the development of new therapeutic approaches directed specifically at the RV.
The Legal Grounds of Irregular Migration: A Global Game Approach
Authors: Naiditch Claire , Vranceanu Radu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper analyses the relationship between regular and irregular migration taking into account the migration network effect and the network creation mechanism. We assume that migrants can obtain a high payoff only if a critical mass of migrants is reached in the destination country. If candidates to migration receive biased signals about the economic situation of the destination country, the migrants’ decision problem can be analyzed as a standard global game. Tying the quota of regular migrants to the economic performance of countries might create large discontinuities in immigration flows, with some countries attracting the bulk of irregular migrants and the other being shunned by the migrants.
Characterization and adsorption properties of La and Fe modified activated carbon for dye wastewater treatment
Authors: Cheng Song , Zhang Libo , Xia Hongying , Peng Jinhui 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
An effective adsorbent (Fe-La-AC) was synthesized by impregnating mixed solution ferric nitrate and lanthanum nitrate with activated carbon and heated by microwave to remove methylene blue (MB) from dye wastewater. The Fe-La-AC was characterized by N2 adsorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the existence of Fe3O4 leads to Fe-La-AC having magnetic properties, which makes it easily separated and recycled from dye wastewater in an external magnetic field. After modification, the following phenomena occurred: Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, average pore diameter, and total pore volume decreased; graphitization degree decreased. In addition, the equilibrium isotherms and kinetics of MB adsorption on raw activated carbon and Fe-La-AC were examined. The equilibrium adsorption data indicated that the adsorption behavior followed the Langmuir isotherm, and the pseudo-second-order model matched well the kinetic data. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe-La-AC is 261.10 mg/g, which increases by 26.38% as compared with raw activated carbon. According to these results, Fe-La-AC is a promising adsorbent for the removal of MB from dye wastewater.
Synthesis of 7-cyanoindolizine derivatives via a tandem reaction
Authors: Zhang Xian-Sheng , Wang Bin , Jia Jiong , Ge Yan-Qing , Wang Jianwu 
Published: March 2017

Abstract:
A series of 2-substituted and 2,3-disubstituted 5-cyanoindolizine derivatives were conveniently synthesized by a one-pot tandem reaction under mild conditions in moderate yields. The reaction mechanism was proposed.