bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internationalization to survive; the case of renewable energy companies in Spain
Authors: Zolfaghari Ejlal Manesh Seyed Meysam , Rialp-Criado Alex 
Published: June 2017

PurposeIn this study, entrepreneurial internationalization in renewable energy industry as a high-tech and emerging industry was explored. The focus of this study is on firm level factors to understand how and why these companies entered the international markets and what are their challenges and difficulties in this process. To answer these questions, two main streams of literature were used: international entrepreneurship (IE) and sustainable entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachCase study methodology is selected for this research. Because this subject is new and empirical researches in renewable energy industry are scarce, a method to gather research and in-depth data was adopted. Following suggestions by Eisenhardt (1989), a multiple-case design method was used with nine cases of entrepreneurial companies in renewable energy industry from Spain.FindingsResults show that in renewable energy industry firms, resources and capabilities such as need for funding and rapid commercialization are key factors that encourage companies to enter the international market. However, having access to the technological knowledge cannot be a compelling reason for internationalization of renewable energy companies from Spain. Moreover, the interaction between the large and small firms is an important factor that facilitates the process of internationalization.Research limitations/implicationsIn this study, the focus was only on firm level factors, whereas other levels of analysis such as entrepreneur, environment, policy scheme and industrial factors need further attention in future studies. Moreover, this study is only limited to Spanish companies, and future studies can be replicated in other context.Practical implicationsFindings of the study have significant theoretical and empirical implications. First of all, it explains the entrepreneurial internationalization by taking advantage of sustainable entrepreneurship literature. In addition, empirical results of this study are significantly important for entrepreneurs to implement effective internationalization strategy to survive. Findings of this study can help policy makers for designing a supportive scheme for further development of this industry in the international markets.Originality/valueThis paper explores the entrepreneurial internationalization of renewable energy companies as an emerging industry by taking advantage of two streams of literature: international entrepreneurship and sustainable entrepreneurship. The results show the phenomenon of early internationalization in pre-commercialization phase. These findings put emphasis on interaction between large and small firms in process of internationalization in this specific industry.
Natural convection of nanofluids in a cavity: criteria for enhancement of nanofluids
Authors: Sabour M. , Ghalambaz Mohammad , Chamkha Ali 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to theoretically analyze the laminar free convection heat transfer of nanofluids in a square cavity. The sidewalls of the cavity are subject to temperature difference, whereas the bottom and top are insulated. Based on the available experimental results in the literature, two new non-dimensional parameters, namely, the thermal conductivity parameter (Nc) and dynamic viscosity parameter (Nv) are introduced. These parameters indicate the augmentation of the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of the nanofluid by dispersing nanoparticles.

Design/methodology/approach
The governing equations are transformed into non-dimensional form using the thermo-physical properties of the base fluid. The obtained governing equations are solved numerically using the finite element method. The results are reported for the general non-dimensional form of the problem as well as case studies in the form of isotherms, streamlines and the graphs of the average Nusselt number. Using the concept of Nc and Nv, some criteria for convective enhancement of nanofluids are proposed. As practical cases, the effect of the size of nanoparticles, the shape of nanoparticles, the type of nanoparticles, the type of base fluids and working temperature on the enhancement of heat transfer are analyzed.

Findings
The results show that the increase of the magnitude of the Rayleigh number increases of the efficiency of using nanofluids. The type of nanoparticles and the type of the base fluid significantly affects the enhancement of using nanofluids. Some practical cases are found, in which utilizing nanoparticles in the base fluid results in deterioration of the heat transfer. The working temperature of the nanofluid is very crucial issue. The increase of the working temperature of the nanofluid decreases the convective heat transfer, which limits the capability of nanofluids in decreasing the size of the thermal systems.

Originality/value
In the present study, a separation line based on two non-dimensional parameters (i.e. Nc and Nv) are introduced. The separation line demonstrates a boundary between augmentation and deterioration of heat transfer by using nanoparticles. Indeed, by utilizing the separation lines, the convective enhancement of using nanofluid with a specified Nc and Nv can be simply estimated.
Place-based business models for resilient local economies
Authors: Di Gregorio Dante 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This purpose of this paper is to introduce and analyze the concept of place-based business models, by which entrepreneurs use highly context-specific strategies and linkages to a “sense of place” as sources of value creation. To illustrate how place-based business models create unique value, case studies are reviewed from three sectors in Italy: Slow Food (Coop Italia and Eataly), agritourism (Spannocchia) and the albergo diffuso (Sextantio).

Design/methodology/approach
This is a conceptual paper with case studies from qualitative data and external sources.

Findings
The case studies demonstrate the value-creating potential of opportunities for the implementation of place-based business models. In contrast with conventional harm reduction perspectives, these models show how organizational contributions to local and regional resilience may also directly generate competitive advantage. The cases also illustrate challenges such as scaling up while maintaining authenticity, and coping with the public goods-nature of place-based resources.

Originality/value
Conventional management theory and practice treat environmental context as a distraction from which the technical core of the organization must be protected. Place-based business models diverge from convention by using tight coupling with local context to create value, enhance local economic resilience and contribute to a “sense of place”.
The role of social entrepreneurs in developing community resilience in remote areas
Authors: Morrison Caroline , Ramsey Elaine , Bond Derek 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the processes whereby social entrepreneurs can contribute to community resilience and sustainability.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a qualitative case study approach with 15 island communities located off the north and west coasts of Scotland and who were engaged in the development and implementation of renewable energy initiatives.FindingsPeripheral communities provide an environment where entrepreneurial activities can flourish. Through a model of social enterprise, they were able to develop the necessary mechanisms to increase socio-economic resilience. The study indicates the importance of social capital in this process.Research limitations/implicationsExternal networks provide part of the framework to overcome market imperfections caused by distance and remoteness so that social entrepreneurs can develop their ability to build resilience and sustainability. More research is needed on how this framework can be utilised.Social implicationsIn spite of the challenges presented in remote areas, these communities have shown the ability to adapt. This is an important component of resilience building.Originality/valueThis paper makes a unique contribution to the knowledge base through the interconnected concepts of social entrepreneurship and social capital. It provides new empirical insights into social enterprises and describes the mechanisms that help to build resilient rural communities in the context of renewable energy endeavours.
Participant evaluation of an inpatient occupational therapy groups programme in brain injury rehabilitation
Authors: Patterson Freyr , Fleming Jennifer , Doig Emmah , Griffin Janelle 
Published: June 2017

Background/aimTherapy groups are commonly used in brain injury rehabilitation yet patient perceptions of participation in groups are largely uninvestigated. This paper describes the occupational therapy groups programme at an inpatient brain injury rehabilitation unit and presents an evaluation from the patient's perspective.MethodsParticipants were in patients with traumatic brain injury who participated in the groups programme and completed a customised self‐report questionnaire measuring perceptions about and satisfaction with four occupational therapy groups. Data were analysed descriptively and comparisons made between groups with a functional focus (meal preparation and community access) and an impairment focus (cognitive and upper limb) using Z scores.ResultsThirty‐five participants (30 males, five females) completed a total of 83 questionnaires. Over 90% of responses agreed or strongly agreed that working with others was enjoyable, that the groups provided feedback and individualised treatment, and were useful for them. There were no significant differences in perceptions about the functional and impairment‐focussed groups. An illustrative case example of participation in the groups programme is presented.ConclusionsOverall, consumer feedback on different aspects of the occupational therapy groups programme in brain injury rehabilitation was positive. Further in‐depth investigation of patient perceptions of groups including processes that facilitate or challenge participation is warranted.
Investor–State Dispute Settlement Systems in Emerging Mega‐Integration Blocs
Authors: Jovanović Miroslav N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEmerging mega‐integration blocs, such as the Trans‐Pacific Partnership and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, are evolving outside of the World Trade Organization's influence. Their most contested features are their investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) systems. This article considers basic features of the ISDS system, the expansion in the number of ISDS cases and the privileged place of corporations vis‐à‐vis citizens in the law‐making process. The arcane private corporation‐friendly ISDS system is beyond reparation and it needs to be scrapped. The existing court systems in the self‐assured democracies of Europe, North America and Australia are sufficient.
Quality Metrics and Systems Transformation: Are We Advancing Alcohol and Drug Screening in Primary Care?
Authors: Rieckmann Traci , Renfro Stephanie , McCarty Dennis , Baker Robin , McConnell K. John 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo examine the influence of Oregon's coordinated care organizations (CCOs) and pay‐for‐performance incentive model on completion of screening and brief intervention (SBI) and utilization of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment services.Data Sources/Study SettingSecondary analysis of Medicaid encounter data from 2012 to 2015 and semiannual qualitative interviews with stakeholders in CCOs.Study DesignLongitudinal mixed‐methods design with simultaneous data collection with equal importance.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsQualitative interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded in ATLAS.ti. Quantitative data included Medicaid encounters 30 months prior to CCO implementation, a 6‐month transition period, and 30 months following CCO implementation. Data were aggregated by half‐year with analyses restricted to Medicaid recipients 18–64 years of age enrolled in a CCO, not eligible for Medicare coverage or Medicaid expansion.Principal FindingsQuantitative analysis documented a significant increase in SBI rates coinciding with CCO implementation (0.1 to 4.6 percent). Completed SBI was not associated with increased initiation in treatment for SUD diagnoses. Qualitative analysis highlighted importance of aligning incentives, workflow redesign, and leadership to facilitate statewide SBI.ConclusionsResults provide modest support for use of a performance metric to expand SBI in primary care. Future research should examine health reform efforts that increase initiation and engagement in SUD treatment.
A review of the burns caseload of a physician‐based helicopter emergency medical service
Authors: Hall Karina , Burns Brian 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe patient demographics, injuries, physiology and interventions performed by retrieval physicians in the care of burns patients in both a pre‐hospital and interhospital setting.MethodsA retrospective review of patient records from a large Australian Helicopter Emergency Medical Service was conducted. Demographics, injury, burn type, physiology and intervention data were extracted into a database for statistical analysis. Basic descriptive statistics were calculated, and patient physiology measures were compared at arrival and destination.ResultsA total of 490 burns cases were identified from a 5 year period (January 2010–August 2015). The majority (78.6%) were interhospital transfers conducted by road (49.4%) or helicopter (36.9%). Patients were predominantly men (75.7%) with a median age of 37 years (interquartile range [IQR] 23–50). Median estimated total body surface area burned was 15% (IQR 8.5–20) and 18% (IQR 10–30) in pre‐hospital and interhospital groups, respectively; however, retrieval physicians tended to overestimate total body surface area burned in comparison to destination burns units. Flash burn or explosion were the predominant aetiology of burn (49.4%), although the majority (95.3%) of patients had no associated traumatic injuries. Sixty patients were intubated by the Service. Escharotomies were performed on eight occasions resulting in improvement in circulation or ventilation. Overall mortality was 3.7% at 24 h.ConclusionsThe Service cares for 80–100 burns patients annually, a proportion of whom require complex interventions such as intubation and escharotomy, which was performed by retrieval physicians appropriately. Associated traumatic injuries were infrequent in patients who sustained burns from flashes or explosions.
Does FIN 48 Improve Firms' Estimates of Tax Reserves?
Authors: Gleason Cristi A. , Mills Lillian F. , Nessa Michelle L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper examines whether the increased accounting guidance and reporting requirements of FIN 48 impact the adequacy and accuracy of tax reserves and the effect of auditor‐provided tax services on tax reserves. While we do not find FIN 48 affected the adequacy or accuracy of tax reserves on average, FIN 48 eliminated the differences in the tax reserve adequacy of firms with and without auditor‐provided tax services that existed prior to its adoption. We also find evidence of less premature releasing of tax reserves post‐FIN 48. Our evidence is consistent with an increase in the comparability of reserves for firms that do and do not purchase auditor‐provided tax services, consistent with one of the FASB's objectives for FIN 48.
Optimizing monitoring schemes to detect trends in abundance over broad scales
Authors: Ficetola G. F. , Romano A. , Salvidio S. , Sindaco R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMeasuring population changes and trends is essential to identify threatened species, and is requested by several environmental regulations (e.g. European Habitat Directive). However, obtaining this information for small and cryptic animals is challenging, and requires complex, broad‐scale monitoring schemes. How should we allocate the limited resources available for monitoring, to maximize the probability of detecting declines? The analysis of simulated data can help to identify the performance of monitoring scenarios across species with different features. We simulated data of populations with a wide range of abundance, detection probability and rate of decline, and tested under which circumstances open‐population N‐mixture models can successfully detect the decline of populations. We tested multiple monitoring strategies, to identify the ones having the highest probability of detecting declines. If 30 sites are surveyed, strong declines (≥30%) can be successfully spotted for nearly all the simulated species, except the species with lowest abundance and detection probability. Weaker declines are successfully identified only in species that are easy to detect and have high abundance. Increasing the number of sites quickly increases model power, but hundreds of sites would require monitoring to measure trends of the least detectable species. For most of species, performance of monitoring was improved by: surveying many sites with a few replicates per site; surveying many small sites instead of a few large sites; combining data from sites monitored for multiple species. Our findings show that one single monitoring approach cannot be appropriate for all the species, and that surveying efforts should be modulated across them, according to their detection probabilities and abundances. We provide quantitative values on how the number of surveys and the number of sites to be surveyed can be assigned to different species, and emphasize the need of planning to maximize the performance of monitoring.
A hierarchical multi‐scale analysis of the spatial relationship between parasitism and host density in urban habitats
Authors: Fenoglio María Silvina , Werenkraut Victoria , Morales Juan Manuel , Salvo Adriana 
Published: June 2017

AbstractStudies on spatial density dependence in parasitism have paid scarce attention to how changes in host density at different hierarchical scales could influence parasitism in an herbivore at a particular scale. Here, we evaluated if rates of parasitism per leaf (by the whole parasitic complex and by dominant species) of the specialist leaf minerLiriomyza commelinae(Diptera: Agromyzidae) respond to variations in host density at the leaf, plant patch and site levels in an urban setting. We used multi‐level Bayesian models that incorporate the spatial hierarchy occurring in this system, as well as habitat factors previously found to have an effect on theL. commelinaeparasitoid community in an urban context (patch size, patch isolation and urbanization level). According to the fitted model, overall parasitism rates decreased with increasing number of mines per leaf, being independent of host‐density variations at patch and site level. Patch structure was found to have a strong effect on parasitism rates per leaf. The analysis of parasitism by parasitoid species separately showed consistent results with the response at community level. These results suggest that parasitism of the parasitoid community here studied would be sensitive to hierarchical cues related to the host at the leaf level and to the host habitat at the patch level.
BOLA‐DRB3 gene polymorphisms influence bovine leukaemia virus infection levels in Holstein and Holstein × Jersey crossbreed dairy cattle
Authors: Carignano H. A. , Beribe M. J. , Caffaro M. E. , Amadio A. , Nani J. P. , Gutierrez G. , Alvarez I. , Trono K. , Miretti M. M. , Poli M. A. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBovine leukemia virus (BLV) infections, causing persistent lymphocytosis and lethal lymphosarcoma in cattle, have reached high endemicity on dairy farms. We observed extensive inter‐individual variation in the level of infection (LI) by assessing differences in proviral load in peripheral blood. This phenotypic variation appears to be determined by host genetics variants, especially those located in the BoLA‐DRB3 MHCII molecule. We performed an association study using sequencing‐based typed BOLA‐DRB3 alleles from over 800 Holstein and Holstein × Jersey cows considering LI in vivo and accounting for filial relationships. The DBR3*0902 allele was associated with a low level of infection (LLI) (<1% of circulating infected B‐cells), whereas the DRB3*1001 and DRB3*1201 alleles were related to a high level of infection (HLI). We found evidence that 13 polymorphic positions located in the pockets of the peptide‐binding cleft of the BOLA‐DRB3 alleles were associated with LI. DRB3*0902 had unique haplotypes for each of the pockets: Ser13‐Glu70‐Arg71‐Glu74 (pocket 4), Ser11‐Ser30 (pocket 6), Glu28‐Trp61‐Arg71 (pocket 7) and Asn37‐Asp57 (pocket 9), and all of them were significantly associated with LLI. Conversely, Lys13‐Arg70‐Ala71‐Ala74 and Ser13‐Arg70‐Ala71‐Ala74, corresponding to the DRB3*1001 and *1201 alleles respectively, were associated with HLI. We showed that the specific amino acid pattern in the DRB3*0902 peptide‐binding cleft may be related to the set point of a very low proviral load level in adult cows. Moreover, we identified two BOLA‐DRB3 alleles associated with a HLI, which is compatible with a highly contagious profile.
Genetic diversity of Syrian Arabian horses
Authors: Almarzook S. , Reissmann M. , Arends D. , Brockmann G. A. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryAlthough Arabian horses have been bred in strains for centuries and pedigrees have been recorded in studbooks, to date, little is known about the genetic diversity within and between these strains. In this study, we tested if the three main strains of Syrian Arabian horses descend from three founders as suggested by the studbook. We examined 48 horses representing Saglawi (n = 18), Kahlawi (n = 16) and Hamdani (n = 14) strains using the Equine SNP70K BeadChip. For comparison, an additional 24 Arabian horses from the USA and three Przewalski's horses as an out group were added. Observed heterozygosis (Ho) ranged between 0.30 and 0.32, expected heterozygosity (He) between 0.30 and 0.31 and inbreeding coefficients (Fis) between −0.02 and −0.05, indicating high genetic diversity within Syrian strains. Likewise, the genetic differentiation between the three Syrian strains was very low (Fst < 0.05). Hierarchical clustering showed a clear distinction between Arabian and Przewalski's horses. Among Arabian horses, we found three clusters containing either horses from the USA or horses from Syria or horses from Syria and the USA together. Individuals from the same Syrian Arabian horse strain were spread across different sub‐clusters. When analyzing Syrian Arabian horses alone, the best population differentiation was found with three distinct clusters. In contrast to expectations from the studbook, these clusters did not coincide with strain affiliation. Although this finding supports the hypothesis of three founders, the genetic information is not consistent with the currently used strain designation system. The information can be used to reconsider the current breeding practice. Beyond that, Syrian Arabian horses are an important reservoir for genetic diversity.