bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the possibilities and actualities of the learning process
Authors: Anderson Jane , Sice Petia 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to reflect on the opportunities and challenges of the learning process in practice and explores the case of a local authority school Pilot Wellbeing Programme (PWP) intervention. The aim of the PWP was to create the best workplace conditions and circumstances for people to flourish and mature, both individually and collectively. Findings show that the socio-physical environment plays a significant and leading role in supporting this work, as does the consistent modelling of higher level behaviours including integrity, respect and acceptance by intervention managers and school leadership teams. It was also important that the change processes were continually tailored and nuanced to meet the evolving needs of the staff and organisation throughout the intervention. Emphasis was also placed on encouraging individual involvement and commitment by implementing inclusive measures that fostered trust and openness.

Design/methodology/approach
The intervention worked to the organisational learning process model.

Findings
Headteachers (HT) are still playing a key role as caregivers to their staff. Wellbeing is something people in school generally expect to be “done” to them. Personal accountability for one’s own health and wellbeing is still a growth area in schools. Any change processes implemented to support this process need to be continually tailored and respectfully nuanced to meet the evolving needs of the staff and organisation throughout the intervention. Accruing quantitative evidence to support the effects of wellbeing work in schools is painstaking and challenging.

Practical implications
HT have traditionally taken the role of school staff “caregiver”, overseeing staff wellbeing often to the detriment of their own wellbeing. This situation is becoming unsustainable as HT’ capacity for this kind of work is diminishing. School staff need to accept an increasing role in the maintenance of their own personal–professional wellbeing.

Social implications
School staff who do not mind their own wellbeing act as a poor model to their pupils who may ultimately emulate their behaviour. Additionally, as staff sickness absence due either directly or indirectly to stress becomes a growing issue in schools, educational standards will be increasingly difficult to attain and maintain. Wellbeing mechanisms need to be put in place now to stem this possibility.

Originality/value
The intervention is unique in as much as it took a deliberately holistic approach to school staff wellbeing by including all school staff in the change programme. Previous similar programmes have targeted professional staff only, excluding non-teaching classroom staff and school support and maintenance staff.
The role of different stakeholders in destination development
Authors: Komppula Raija 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to highlight the crucial role of individual people, entrepreneurs and other stakeholders in the development of a tourist destination during its life cycle. The purpose is to increase our understanding of individual actors as contributors to leadership and development of tourism destinations.

Design/methodology/approach
An intrinsic case study of a Finnish ski resort, Ruka, is presented. The primary data consist of 16 narrative interviews. Secondary sources of information such as a history book and a historical review, reports and Web pages have been used as well.

Findings
The study suggests that the leadership in a destination is attributed to individuals. It is the charismatic entrepreneurs, business managers, municipality and influential politicians that may take control of the leadership at the destination. Being local enhances the sense of identity with the place and facilitates a cooperative atmosphere between actors. Finally, the roles of stakeholders and aspects of the leadership of a destination may vary along the destination life cycle.

Research limitations/implications
As this paper presents a single case study in a Finnish context, the findings cannot be, and are not meant to be, generalized. Rather, the findings present an example of an exception to the mainstream destination management and governance literature.

Originality/value
The paper fills the research gap noted by Kennedy (2014) and presents an in-depth study analysing the role of different stakeholders in destination leadership.
Fetishes and factishes: Durkheim and Latour
Authors: Schiermer Bjørn 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper defends the concept of ‘fetishism’ as an explanatory parameter in sociological theorizing on Durkheimian grounds, while at the same time paying due attention to important insights regarding the role of objects in social life, originating from Actor‐Network Theory (ANT). It critically assesses the current critique of the concept of fetishism propagated by ANT protagonist Bruno Latour.Latour and suggests a compromise between these two ‘schools’. First, to place the paper firmly in context, I analyse some examples of modern fetishism and outline the themes of the ensuing discussion. Next, I turn to Durkheim, seeking to develop a distinct interpretation of the concept of the social and of fetishism, and then point to some of Durkheim's shortcomings and attempt to make room for Latourian perspectives. Finally, I critically assess Latour's dismissal of forms of social ‘explanation’ and of the concept of fetishism.
Evaluating the Impact of Parent‐Reported Medical Home Status on Children's Health Care Utilization, Expenditures, and Quality: A Difference‐in‐Differences Analysis with Causal Inference Methods
Authors: Han Bing , Yu Hao , Friedberg Mark W. 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of the parent‐reported medical home status on health care utilization, expenditures, and quality for children.Data SourcesMedical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) during 2004–2012, including a total of 9,153 children who were followed up for 2 years in the survey.Study DesignWe took a causal difference‐in‐differences approach using inverse probability weighting and doubly robust estimators to study how changes in medical home status over a 2‐year period affected children's health care outcomes. Our analysis adjusted for children's sociodemographic, health, and insurance statuses. We conducted sensitivity analyses using alternative statistical methods, different approaches to outliers and missing data, and accounting for possible common‐method biases.Principal FindingsCompared with children whose parents reported having medical homes in both years 1 and 2, those who had medical homes in year 1 but lost them in year 2 had significantly lower parent‐reported ratings of health care quality and higher utilization of emergency care. Compared with children whose parents reported having no medical homes in both years, those who did not have medical homes in year 1 but gained them in year 2 had significantly higher ratings of health care quality, but no significant differences in health care expenditures and utilization.ConclusionsHaving a medical home may help improve health care quality for children; losing a medical home may lead to higher utilization of emergency care.
Efficacy and safety of coadministration of sitagliptin with insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Cao Ying , Gao Fang , Zhang Qian , Xu Lingling , Wan Qian , Li Wenqi , Li Jimin , Wang Ling , Xue Yaoming 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the randomized present study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of a combination of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitor, plus insulin glargine (GL + sita) with that of premixed insulin aspart 30 (NOV) for type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients controlled with oral hypoglycemic drugs (HbA1c 7 %–9 %).MethodsSixty‐five patients were randomized (1:  1) to the GL + sita (n = 33) and NOV (n = 32) groups and were treated with the combination regimen or premixed insulin twice a day for 16 weeks. The primary endpoint was mean change in HbA1c. Secondary endpoints included fasting blood glucose, blood glucose profiles (seven time points), rate of achieving target HbA1c (<7 % or ≤6.5 %), insulin dose, incidence of hypoglycemia, and body weight.ResultsAfter 16 weeks, there was no significant difference in HbA1c between the two groups, although more patients achieved HbA1c <7.0 % in the GL + sita group. There was a significant difference in body weight changes between the GL + sita and NOV groups (−0.45 vs 1.52 kg, respectively; P < 0.001). Mean plasma glucose and the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion were significantly lower in the GL + sita than NOV group (P < 0.005), as was the incidence of symptomatic hypoglycemia (2.85 % vs. 13.3 %, respectively; P < 0.001).ConclusionThe combination of GL + sita greatly improved HbA1c in T2D patients (HbA1c 7 %–9 %) with an efficacy that was equal to that of premixed insulin. Thus, GL + sita treatment is a viable option for patients who fail to achieve glycemic control using oral hypoglycemic drugs.
Dexamethasone as adjuvant for femoral nerve block following knee arthroplasty: a randomized, controlled study
Authors: Sherif A. A. , Elsersy H. E. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundWe examined the effect of the addition of dexamethasone to bupivacaine for femoral nerve blocks on the block duration and the quality of post‐operative analgesia following total knee replacement surgery.MethodsIn total, 200 ASA I–III patients were randomly allocated to either the control group who received bupivacaine 0.5% or the dexamethasone group who received bupivacaine 0.5% plus 8 mg dexamethasone for the femoral nerve block, followed by a continuous perineural bupivacaine infusion started at the time of block resolution. Patients were assessed for the duration of analgesia by the return of pinprick sensation and the 24‐h morphine consumption as the primary outcomes of the study. A numerical rating scale from 0 to 10 was used to assess post‐operative pain at zero, ½, 2, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h.ResultsThere was no difference between groups in either sensory or motor block onset; however, the duration of the block was significantly prolonged in the dexamethasone group, 25.7 ± 3 h, vs. 18.8 ± 4 h in the control group P < 0.0001. The total morphine consumption was not different between groups, but the dexamethasone group consumed less morphine in the first 6 h post‐operatively. The addition of dexamethasone improved pain control on the first post‐operative day, but no difference in the pain score was detected on days 2 or 3.ConclusionThe addition of dexamethasone to bupivacaine for femoral nerve block prolonged the duration of analgesia, improved early post‐operative pain following total knee arthroplasty.
Pseudo panel data estimation technique and rational addiction model: an analysis of cigarette, alcohol and coffee demands
Authors: Koksal Aycan , Wohlgenant Michael 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe use a pseudo‐panel data approach to analyze the relationship between the consumptions of cigarettes, alcohol, and coffee in a rational addiction framework. We find that while cigarette and coffee demands fit well with the rational addiction model, alcohol demand conforms to a model with inventory effects. The results suggest that alcohol consumption increases the marginal utility derived from consumption of cigarettes. Increasing alcohol prices would decrease not only the consumption of alcohol, but also the consumption of cigarettes. On the other hand, increasing cigarette prices do not have the same effect on consumption of alcohol. The cross‐price elasticity of coffee with respect to cigarette price is positive and significant which suggests that coffee substitutes for cigarettes when cigarette prices increase. The cross‐price elasticity of alcohol with respect to coffee price is found to be negative and significant. On the other hand, Morishima elasticities of substitution indicate that cigarette, alcohol and coffee substitute each other along the indifference curve when relative prices change.
Safety, efficacy and repeatability of a novel house dust mite allergen challenge technique in the Fraunhofer allergen challenge chamber
Authors: Lueer K. , Biller H. , Casper A. , Windt H. , Mueller M. , Badorrek P. , Haefner D. , Framke T. , Koch A. , Ziehr H. , Krug N. , Koch W. , Hohlfeld J. M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundEfficacy testing of immunotherapy in field studies is often hampered by variation of airborne allergens. Standardized allergen exposure in challenge chamber settings might be an alternative. Therefore, we developed a universal technique to create an atmosphere loaded with allergen particles of adjustable size from aqueous solutions of licensed allergen extracts.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to apply this technique and test the safety and efficacy of challenges with house dust mite (HDM) allergen in the Fraunhofer allergen challenge chamber.MethodsAerosol particles carrying HDM allergen were produced by spray‐drying of an aqueous solution containing HDM allergen and lactose. In a monocenter, placebo‐controlled, single‐blind, dose‐escalation pilot study, 18 subjects with perennial allergic rhinitis and sensitization to HDM were exposed to HDM allergen for 4 h at either 250, 500, 1000 SQE/m3 or lactose alone (0 SQE/m3) 7 days apart. The dose of 500 SQE/m³ was repeated to investigate reproducibility. Total nasal symptom score (TNSS) was the primary endpoint.ResultsExposure to HDM increased TNSS (mean ± SD) to 3.4 ± 1.8, 3.3 ± 2.1, and 3.6 ± 2.0 at 250, 500 and 1000 SQE/m3, respectively, while lactose alone did not change TNSS (0.7 ± 0.6). The results were reproducible at 500 SQE/m3. Pulmonary function and adverse event frequency did not change with escalation of allergen dose.ConclusionThis HDM allergen particle generation is safe, specific and reproducible and can therefore be used for efficacy testing of immunotherapy and for basic clinical research.
Evaluation of Aloe vera and synbiotic as antibiotic growth promoter substitutions on performance, gut morphology, immune responses and blood constitutes of broiler chickens
Authors: Naghi Shokri Ali , Ghasemi Hossein A. , Taherpour Kamran 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with Aloe vera (AV) powder and synbiotic as growth promoter agents on performance, gut morphology, immune responses, hematology and serum biochemistry in broilers. A total of 240‐day‐old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to six treatments with four replicates. Birds were offered either a corn‐soybean meal basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg virginiamycin (VM), 1 g/kg synbiotic (Syn), 2.5 g/kg AV (AV1), 5.0 g/kg AV (AV2) or 7.5 g/kg AV (AV3). Chickens fed any of the diets, except diet AV1, exhibited better feed conversion ratios at the 14–28 day period and higher average daily gain and duodenal villus height/crypt depth ratio at 42 days than those fed the control diet. Synbiotic supplementation caused a marked increase in the serum antibody titer against infectious bursal disease and infectious bronchitis vaccines. Feeding diet AV3 significantly increased red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration, and decreased serum triglyceride level compared to the control group. The results suggested that dietary inclusion of 5 and 7.5 g/kg AV, similar with synbiotic supplementation, can be applied as effective alternatives to in‐feed antibiotics for broiler diets.
Thyroid function and cardiovascular disease risk factors in euthyroid adults: a cross‐sectional and longitudinal study
Authors: Lee Jane J. , Pedley Alison , Marqusee Ellen , Sutherland Patrice , Hoffmann Udo , Massaro Joseph M. , Fox Caroline S. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryObjective and designWe explored the cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations of thyroid function within the normal range with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and adiposity measures.Patients and measurementsA total of 3483 (50·4% women) participants for the cross‐sectional CVD study and 1630 (41·2% women) participants for the cross‐sectional body composition substudy were drawn from the Framingham Third Generation Exam 1; 2912 participants (50·1% women) for the longitudinal CVD study and 713 participants (35·9% women) for the longitudinal body composition substudy were drawn from the Framingham Third Generation Exams 1–2. Thyroid function was assessed by thyrotropin [thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH)] and free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations within the reference range at Exam 1. The associations between thyroid function and CVD risk factors were modelled via multivariable‐adjusted regression models. Multivariable adjustment included age, sex, current smoking, postmenopausal status and BMI.ResultsCross‐sectionally, higher TSH concentration was associated with increased odds of hypertriglyceridaemia [odds ratio (OR)=1·10], and higher BMI (β = 0·19 kg/m2), total cholesterol (β = 0·05 mmol/l), triglycerides (β = 0·0006 mmol/l) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) volume (β = 38·8 cm3) (all P < 0·05). Cross‐sectionally, fT4 was inversely associated with metabolic and adiposity‐related CVD risk factors, including obesity (OR = 1·17), hypertriglyceridaemia (OR = 1·09), BMI (β = 0·42 kg/m2), total cholesterol (β = 0·05 mmol/l), triglycerides (β = 0·0002 mmol/l), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume (β = −20·7 cm3) and attenuation (0·17 HU) and VAT/SAT ratio (β = −0·01) (all P < 0·05). However, during 6·1 years of follow‐up, baseline TSH and fT4 levels were not longitudinally associated with CVD risk factors and adiposity measures.ConclusionsThyroid function within the normal range is cross‐sectionally, but not longitudinally, associated with CVD risk factors and adiposity measures.
Bibliometric analysis of the scientific production in implantology (2009–2013)
Authors: Tarazona Beatriz , Vidal‐Infer Antonio , Alonso‐Arroyo Adolfo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo quantify, using bibliometric indicators, the scientific productivity of researchers, organizations, and countries, publishing articles on implantology in dental journals indexed in Journal Citation Reports between 2009 and 2013.Materials and methodsPublished texts were identified by applying the truncated search term “implant*.” Document type was limited to “Article.” Records were manually refined and normalized to unify terms and to remove typographical, transcription, and/or indexing errors.ResultsA total of 6088 articles were located. A progressive increase in the rate of publication was observed, especially between 2010 and 2012. This increase was clearly linked to increased collaboration between authors, institutions, and countries. Keywords appeared at a frequency of 3.1 per document. The journals Clinical Oral Implants Research and International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants published the highest numbers of articles.ConclusionsThis study revealed a significant growth in implant dentistry literature in terms of the total number of journals, number of authors, organizations, and author collaborations. Most key bibliometric indicators demonstrated upward trends.
Towards a General Theory of Agricultural Knowledge Production: Environmental, Social, and Didactic Learning
Authors: Stone Glenn Davis 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSocial scientists and input producers alike have seen farmer decision making as driven by environmental learning based on experimentation and empirical observation. A more robust body of theory influenced by behavioral ecology sees a major role for social learning based on emulation of models selected on social criteria, although the relationship between these learning modes is not well understood. But a larger problem is that these perspectives ignore what is here termed didactic learning, whereby various parties bring instruction to the farm. Although not previously theorized, didactic learning is often crucial in agricultural learning and also distinct because it is driven by off‐farm interests. The outline of a general theory of farmer learning is presented, comprising an analysis of the salient characteristics of the three modalities and consideration of interaction among them. The successes of nonindustrial small farm management notwithstanding, there are serious limitations to the experimental basis of environmental learning. Agriculture is particularly suited to formal experimentation, but only because of simplifications that contradict the nature of actual decision making. Social learning is essential in agriculture but it may become maladaptive when environmental learning is particularly challenged. Among the entities involved in didactic learning are the state (with interests in monitoring and control), input developers and sellers (with interests in sales), and Non Governmental Organizations (with interests in media showing impacts of didactic learning).
Monilia (Moniliophtora roreri) and the Post‐Development of Belizean Cacao
Authors: Stanley Erik 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis article explores how agro‐technical development works to change Mopan Maya relations with the natural world through a case study of the emergent fungus Monilia in the Belizean cacao industry. I show how technical development projects generate the environmental conditions that allow detrimental diseases like Monilia to become widespread, while subsequent efforts to mitigate the resultant epidemic serve as powerful vehicles for the further perpetuation of Western scientific agriculture. I argue that these interventions transform indigenous environmental paradigms from relational to mononatural, organized around human mastery over a singular, objective environment.
“The Earth Gives Us So Much”: Agroecology and Rural Women's Leadership in Uruguay
Authors: Oliver Beatriz 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCreated by women farmers in the late 1980s, the Calmañana herb co‐operative is a significant figure in Uruguay's agroecology movement. Technical assistance grounded in participatory feminist and agroecological perspectives aided the group to organize and establish their production and marketing system. Rather than promote specialization, the process enhanced local strategies and crop diversity that help households increase income and food security. These benefits indicate that agroecology is well suited to improve the position of small farms. Key to their achievement has been a production system focused on the women's interests, which include income diversification and family nutrition, as well as friendship and group solidarity. They have also become valued leaders in networks promoting rural women's agency, agroecology, and food sovereignty. This study confirms the importance of prioritizing gender equality in sustainable agriculture initiatives, not only for social justice but also to recognize women's crucial leadership and knowledge for agroecology.
Bridging Food Scarcity: Croatian Women's Responses to Consumer Capitalism
Authors: Hofman Nila Ginger 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study explores the livelihood strategies and food practices that Croatian women adopted during the post‐socialist era after two decades of economic and political reforms. I discuss how the decline of the nation's food production system and the emergence of neoliberal agricultural reforms impacted these household practices. I point out that the popularization of ready‐made foods led some women to choose self‐sufficient food practices, including foraging, while others embraced consumption patterns in line with the Europeanization of Croatian society. I suggest that these differences can be understood as particular responses to the declining food production industry and rising unemployment. They also reflect women's perceptions about the Europeanization of the Croatian consumer landscape and their lived experiences during socialism.