bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The reaction of some winter wheat variety at cultivation in the conservative system in the Transylvanian Plain area
Authors: Chetan Felicia , Chetan Cornel , Moraru Ioana Paula , Simon Alina 
Published: December 2016

Introduction: In Europe between wheat cultivators countries, Romania ranks fifth with an area of 2.07 million hectares with a production of 7.45 million tonnes and production obtained is just 3601 kg /ha (www.ager.press.ro).Aims: Through the experience realised at ARDS Turda we follow the behavior of native varieties grȃu autumn, compared ȋn varieties of foreign origin, to make recommendations on their pretability to different systems of culture and levels of fertilization.Materials and Method: The experiment realized at the ARDS Turda, includes two ways to work the soil, a classic conventional system (with autumn ploughing, land preparation, sowing and fertilized) in parallel with the conservative ("no-tillage” with stubble crop directly into the preemergent plant). Experimental factors: A - soil tillage system; B - winter wheat variety; C - fertilization.Results: Of the eight winter wheat varieties, in the experiment is remarkable the variety Capo that registered highest values of the gluten content at the level of fertilization c2, c3 and c4 at cultivation in both work systems (classic and “no tillage”). At most varieties, the highest protein content is at the c2 level of fertilization, except Capo and Exotic that react the best at c3 level of fertilization, in the system "no tillage". Conclusion: The winter wheat indigenous Andrada, Dumbrava, Arieşan and line T-29-04 and cultivar Renan (Limagrain) reacts most favorable in gluten content at level of fertilization c2 (at sowing 250 kg/ ha NPK 20: 20: 0 + resumption spring vegetation ȋn 214 kg/ ha ammonium nitrate).The productions obtained at all varieties wheat, is not existlarge quantitative differences (200-700 kg/ha differences), but variety Apache, Exotic, Ariesan and Dumbrava had reached over 7,400 kg / ha. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNCS – UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-RU-TE-2014-4-0884. References*** www.ager.press.ro
TheInfluence of Extruded Feed with a high Protein Level Upon the Bioproductive Performances Obtained on the Rainbow Trout Females (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Boaru Mihaela Ancuta , Mierlita Daniel , Georgescu Bogdan , El-Mahdy Cristina 
Published: December 2016

The succes ofartificial reproduction in the rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss), the development of gonads and the results obtained at incubation are significantly affected by the feeding of the breeders. The use of quality sexual products is decisive for the assurance of the production of viable larvae and further of the estimated fish production, so that in addition to the assurance of optimal environmental parameters, the proper feeding of the breeders is required. Starting from the current stage of knowledge in the field,the main objective of the working paperwas to highlight the way the differentiatedfeeding of the rainbow trout females (Oncorhynchus mykiss) influences their growth and development. The extruded peeled feed with a high protein level upon theegg weightand the gonosomatic index were followed. The extruded peeled feed with 53% protein proved to be highly effective, materialized trough high growth performances, a better conversion and the growth of gonadal weight.
Research on the Progress of Microbiological Parametres During the Maturation of Two Kinds of Semi-Hard Cheese
Authors: Jimborean Mirela , Tibulca Dorin 
Published: December 2016

The microbiological analysis is being done since the moment of production until the end of maturation of two kinds of semi-hard cheese (Olanda and Moeciu). It was identified the total number of germs using the horizontal method for the list of micro-organisms; for the numbering of yeasts and moulds it was used the technique of countering at 25 degrees Celsius; for the detection of coli form bacteria was used the number’s method most probably at 30 degrees Celsius; to establish the number of Escherichia coli was used the technique of the probable number; for the numbering of the coagulum-positive staphylococcus the standard stipulates the numbering of the colonies obtained on a solid environment (the environment Baird-Baker), after the aerobic incubation at 35 degrees Celsius or 37 degrees Celsius.
Efficiency of Edible Films Containing Bioactive Antimicrobials on Refrigerated Pork Meat
Authors: Dochitoiu Ramona Andreea , Vodnar Dan Cristian , Socaciu Carmen 
Published: December 2016

Preserving food is an important link in ensuring their quality; it is always a matter of concern for consumers. Some of the most common microorganisms existing on the surface of refrigerated meat are the Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. The use of bioactive compounds from psyllium and noni juice could be a way for inactivation of unwanted bacteria and extend the shelf life of chilled meat due to antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of theirs bioactive compounds. The biofilm formed by fusing powdered psyllium with noni juice was tested on the inhibition of microorganisms on chilled meat for 37 days. The HPLC characterization of noni juice showed the presence of ascorbic acid in concentration of 84 mg%. Data from this study would provide new formulation options for developing antimicrobial packaging films using tea extracts to improve the microbiological safety and quality of pork meat during refrigerated storage.
Convective Air Drying Characteristics for Thin Layer Carrots
Authors: Velescu Ionut Dumitru , Tenu Ioan , Carlescu Petru , Dobre Vasile 
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Carrot is one of the most commonly used vegetables for human nutrition due to high vitamin and fibre content. Drying is one of the oldest methods of food preservation, and it represents a very important aspect of food processing. Sun drying is the most common method used to preserve agricultural products in most tropical countries; this technique is extremely weather dependent, and has the problems of contamination with dust, soil, sand particles and insects. Also, the required drying time can be quite long. Therefore, using solar and hot-air dryers, which are far more rapid, providing uniformity and hygiene are inevitable for industrial food drying processes. Aim: This paper presents a kinetic study of convective drying without pre-treatment of carrot. The effects of the temperature of the drying agent, the speed of the drying agent and the thickness of the kinetics of drying the sample of carrots were investigated. Materials and methods: The experiments were carried out with the aid of an installation for drying food products, that is capable of ensuring the temperature of the drying agent (air) in the range of +25 ... +125 °C. The drying process was conducted at temperature of 45 °C in first hour of process, 2 hours at 55 °C, and 3 hours at 60 °C. The air velocity was setup at 1.0 - 2.5 m/s. Carrots were divided into segments of a thickness of 0.4 cm. Two mathematical models available in the literature were fitted to the experimental data. Results: The drying rate increases with temperature and decreases with the sample diameter. The Page model is given better prediction than the Henderson and Pabis model and satisfactorily described drying characteristics of carrot slices. Conclusions: The most important characteristics of carrot required for simulation and optimization of the drying were studied. The values of calculated effective diffusivity for drying at 45, 55 and 60oC of air temperature and 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 m/s of air flow velocity. The effective diffusivity increases as air-flow rate and temperature increases. Page’s empirical model showed a good fit curves than the Henderson and Pabis model.
Fundamental Parameter Method Applied to X-Ray Line Profile Analysis
Authors: Matei Florica , Aldea Nicolae , Rada Marius , Pop Ioana 
Published: December 2016

Crystallite size strain effect the mechanical, electric, magnetic and optical properties of many kind of the nanomaterials. The effects of the finite crystallite size and lattice strain can be very well observed as the deformation in the shape of the X-ray line profile (XRLP). In this contribution we have used the fundamental parameter (FP) [1,2] method to evaluate the nanostructure materials assuming a theoretical model of experimental XRLP. In this contribution we have used various distribution functions such as normal, lognormal, Gumbel, Maxwell and Student. The best values of the crystallite size of nanostructued materials are chosen by analysis of root mean squares of residuals and by correlation matrix of the fit parameters. The entire procedure was implemented in the GnuPlot script.
Influence of Mahaleb and Gisela 5 Rootstocks on the Growth of „Bigarreau Burlat” Sweet Cherry Cultivar
Authors: Pal Monica , Mitre Viorel , Tripon Andreea , Lazar Mihai , Lisandru Tabita , Molnar Sabin 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. The influence of Prunus Mahaleb L. and ‘Gisela 5’ rootstocks on the growth of ‘Biggareau Burlat’ sweet cherry cultivar was evaluate on the environmental conditions of Cluj-Napoca city, in 2015, in a high-density plot (trees are planted at the distance of 4 x 1.5 m) with 1666 trees/ha, trained as spindle busch, with trellis system and drip fert-irigation provided. The measurements were done in April, on 10 trees of the cultivar grafted on different rootstock, in the 4th year after planting. The trunck diameter growth was measured 5 cm above the graft, and it was also recorded the number and length of annual increases (long, medium and spur fruiting branches) and calculated the tree height. After first four years from planting, ‘Biggareau Burlat’ grafted on ‘Gisela 5’ rootstock proved to be more vigorously than grafted on Prunus Mahaleb L., considering the total numbers of the medium and long branches per tree. ‘Biggareau Burlat’/Gisela 5, compared to ‘Biggareau Burlat’/P. Mahaleb significantly exceeded in the number of medium branches (4.7 comparatively to 3), number of long branches on the tree (17.2 comparatively to 7.9), number of inflorescences buds (74.7 comparatively to 41.3) and the total length of annual tree branches.
New Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Accesions Obtained at V.R.D.S. Buzau
Authors: Vinatoru Costel , Zamfir Bianca , Bratu Camelia 
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Climatic conditions are favourable for cultivation of this species throughout our country. Pea entered Europe in its southeast regions and progressed into its interior via Danube.( Ljuština, Marija, 2010) Concerns for growing this species at V.R.D.S.Buzau existed since the establishment (1957). The assortment of varieties has been recently enriched with a new patented variety named Getica. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) was the original model organism used in Mendel’s discovery (1866) of the laws of inheritance, making it the foundation of modern plant genetics. (Smýkal, 2012). Pulses, including peas, have long been important components of the human diet due to their content of starch, protein and other nutrients. (Wendy J. Dahl, 2011).Aims: Assortment enriching with new valuable varieties in this species, with high yield capacity and high quality, with different periods of maturation in order to reschedule over a long period of time.Materials and Methods: Researches started with collecting germplasm in this species which currently contains 31 genotypes. As genotype control variant in evaluating and sorting the material used for variety improvement was used the well-known variety Getica. After evaluating this collection four genotypes were retained. Breeding method used was especially recurrent individual selection.Results: The researches finalised with the achievement of four new accessions which show different maturity ages; the earliest was L1 that reached technical maturity on June 1 and the late was L4 that reached technical maturity in June 25. The control variant matured in June 5. In terms of plant height, the most vigorous was L4 with 105 cm height and L3 showed a dwarf port with an average height of 56 cm.Conclusion: It has conducted and evaluated a valuable germplasm collection that can be harnessed to improve future research work, also were obtained four new varieties with distinct characteristics, different ripening periods that will be proposed for patenting. The results received after promoting new creations among farmers by distributing promotional biological material (seeds) are very positive.References Ljuština, Marija, and Aleksandar Mikić. "A Brief Review on the Early Distribution of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) in Europe." Field & Vegetable Crops Research/Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo 47.2 (2010).Smýkal, Petr, et al. "Pea (Pisum sativum L.) in the genomic era." Agronomy 2.2 (2012): 74-115.Wendy J. Dahl, Lauren M. Foster and Robert T. Tyler (2012). Review of the health benefits of peas (Pisum sativum L.). British Journal of Nutrition, 108, pp S3-S10. doi:10.1017/S0007114512000852. 13 December 2011)
A Comparison Between Ritual and Conventional Slaughter in Regard to Animal Welfare and Meat Hygienic Quality
Authors: Dan Sorin Daniel , Reget Oana Lucia , Mihaiu Marian , Halbani Gilad , Tabaran Alexandra 
Published: December 2016

The slaughter process in its current form is responsible to numerous physiological impacts on the animal and as a consequence affects the quality of the meat which is produced. The kosher slaughter is performed by a Rabbi (a certified Jewish religious priest) employed by the meat processing facility. The aim was to compare different types of slaughter methods and restraining techniques in order to determine the positive and negative sides of each method and to assess the hygienic quality of the meat produced from this method of slaughter. The information regarding kosher slaughter was gathered from one slaughterhouse located in Israel, Haifa city, and specific aspects related to the conventional slaughter technology, was acquired from a slaughterhouse located in Maramures County, where we critically observed the cattle slaughter technology, with focus on stunning and bleeding steps. In order to compare the hygienic quality of kosher beef with conventional beef the research material consisted by 40 samples of beef, half of the samples were represented by kosher beef and the other half (conventional beef) were used as control. Total viable and Enterobacteriaceae count were performed from the collected samples according with standards methods. In case of conventional slaughter, with respecting of good hygienic practices (GHP), bleeding will not open the esophagus and trachea, preventing thus the possibility of contamination. Stunning performed in conventional slaughter could increase the risk of contamination of carcasses with prions in case of penetration of the skull. In case of kosher meat, the results regarding total plate count revealed values between 2.78±0.6 log cfu/cm2 and 3.40±0.2 log cfu/cm2. In case of Enterobacteriaceae germs, we noticed that 3 samples shown a negative results. For the rest of the samples, the microbial load ranged between 2.54±0.62 log fcu/cm2 and 3.1±0.32 log fcu/cm2. In comparison, the conventional meat (control), present an elevated total microbial load, ranged between 4.77±0.56 log cfu/cm2 and 5.34±0.21 log cfu/cm2. The Enterobacteriacee load ranged between 4.1±0.56 log cfu/cm2 and 5.33±0.2 log cfu/cm2. Ritual kosher slaughter is a humane way of sacrificing animals for human consumption although there are many parameters which need to be carefully monitored in order to guarantee the welfare of the slaughtered animals. And thus, inherently this method is prone for animal welfare violation. Microbiological risk regarding total plate and Enterobacteriaceae count in case of kosher compared with conventional meat is low.
Re-Positioning the Law of Theft in View Of Recent
Authors: Njotini Mzukisi Niven 
Published: December 2016

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) continue to influence the behaviour of society. Sometimes this influence is so unreal that it was only imagined in science fiction. Specifically, the rapid rise in the use of ICTs has resulted in the emergence of new kinds of object, namely data, that do not necessarily meet the traditional legal discription of property. Because these objects can be wrongfully appropriated online, an inquiry is then made regarding whether they are property that is capable of being stolen.
Influence of Gender on pain: In Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Shaefer Jeffry Rowland , Bavia Paula Furlan , Khawaja Shehryar N. 
Published: December 2016

<p><span style="font-size: medium;">Most patients with TMD disorders will respond to non-operative therapy involving; control of parafunctional behaviors, exercises to restore good jaw function, and use of analgesics and muscle relaxers during episodes of acute pain and dysfunction. But up to 20% of TMD patients will not respond to these conventional treatments and multiple factors influenced by gender can be responsible for this poor response.</span><span style="font-size: medium;">Prolonged nociception in such patients can lead to the peripheral and central nervous system sensitization, as evidenced by low pain thresholds and temporal summation, routinely encountered in patients with chronic TMD symptoms, but also female patients in general. Tailoring treatment to address these gender –based contributing factors is the challenge that providers must meet for successful management of chronic TMD patients. This chapter evaluates</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><span style="font-size: medium;"> gender as an initiating, predisposing, or perpetuating factor for TMD via the role of sex hormones, muscle activity and parafunctional behaviors, pain perception, and genetics.</span></span></p><p> </p><br clear="all" /><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p>
Comparative evaluation of different modalities of treatment in benign prostatic hyperplasia at tertiary care teaching institute
Authors: Gohel Jayesh B. , Patel Kalpesh H. 
Published: December 2016

Background:Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common disease occurring in men as the age advances. There are various treatment modalities available, amongst which trans-urethral resection of prostate (TURP) is widely used but role of open Freyer's prostatectomy and medical management can't be ignored at the same time. This study was done to compare different modalities of treatment, to evaluate the individual modality in view of its efficacy, complications and patient satisfaction, to compare the different modalities in their efficacy for management of BPH and their complication profile, to suggest the best form of therapy that can be offered to patients.Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted including 90 patients having benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were enrolled for the study and randomly divided into three groups of 30 patients each. Group I consists of patients undergoing for Freyer's prostatectomy, Group II consists of patients undergoing TURP and in Group III patients were managed conservatively with medical management. Results:Temporary Incontinence of urine was the most common complication occurred found in 6 cases (20%) in Freyer’s prostatectomy group I and in 3 cases (10%) in TURP group II; per-urethral catheter was removed between 2-5 days in all 30 cases (100%) of TURP, but in Freyer’s prostatectomy it was kept up to average 10 days (8-18); All 30 cases (100%) of in Group II where TURP done were discharged within 6 days of surgery whereas in Group I where Freyer's prostatectomy done, most of the cases 21 (70%) were discharged between 11-15 days post-operatively. In Group III, patients were managed by medical management patients, 11 cases (36.67%) presented with acute urinary retention (AUR) and 19 (63.33%) patients presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) without retention.Conclusions:TURP is having definite advantage over Freyer's prostatectomy, because Length of hospitalization, postoperative complications are less frequent. Transurethral resection is the method of choice in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia especially in patients with mild to moderate prostatic enlargement and in the elderly patients with co-existing medical disease. Endoscopic instruments, training and more experience is required for TURP. Medical management can delay immediate surgery but later on surgical management is usually required.
Role of proximal drainage in obstruction in the urinary tract: an observational study
Authors: Das Subrata Kumar , Panda Anshuman , Gupta Tapas Ranjan , Chowdhury Arunava , Kesari Gouri Shankar , Sen Sukanta 
Published: December 2016

Background:Urinary tract obstruction may occur due to various causes at various levels. Proximal drainage implies drainage of the urinary tract proximal to the site of obstruction. This may be unilateral or bilateral and may be classified as follows: Renal- nephrostomy, pelvic-pyelostomy, ureteral-ureterostomy, vesical-cystostomy and urethral- urethrostomy. The aim of the present work would be to analyse the cases needed such drainage procedure in six months period in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Kolkata, India.Methods: Proximal drainage operations done in series of 35 cases were standard nephrostomy, U-tube nephrostomy, percutaneous needle nephrostomy, end cutaneous ureterostomy, T-tube ureterostomy and suprapubic cystostomy. In 4 cases the drainage operations were done as emergency and lifesaving procedure. Seven drainage operations were done for permanent diversion of urine, 22 as preparatory to subsequent corrective or palliative surgery and 8 as adjuvant with corrective surgery. Clinical findings, post-operative complaints and results of investigations were noted and both pre and post-operative findings were compared to assess the ultimate results of the surgical treatment.Results:Out of 9 cases of nephrostomy, 4 cases (44.44%) showed good result, 4 cases (44.44%) showed fair result and 1 case (11.11%) showed bad result. In 21 cases of T-tube ureterostomy, 15 cases (71.42%) showed good result, 3 cases (14.28%) showed fair result and 3 cases (14.28%) showed bad result. Out of the 6 cases of cutaneous ureterostomy, 4 cases (66.66%) showed good result, 1 cases (16.66%) showed fair result and 1 case (16.66%) showed bad result. The case had bad result (case no. 3) was a case of urinary tuberculosis with ureteric stricture at the lower third with hydroureteronephrosis and poorly functioning kidney on the other side. Out of the 3 cases of suprapubic cystostomy, 1 case showed good result and 2 cases showed fair result. Conclusions:Drainage operation was done as preparatory to subsequent corrective or palliative surgery in majority of the cases. Proximal drainage helps controlling infection, normalizing blood biochemistry, regression of back pressure changes, in a word improving renal function. Proximal drainage of urine should be done before irreversible damage to the renal parenchyma occurs.