bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Berufungsverfahren als Turniere: Berufungschancen von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern
Authors: Auspurg Katrin , Hinz Thomas , Schneck Andreas 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Benachteiligung von Wissenschaftlerinnen in Berufungsverfahren wurde lange Zeit als eine wesentliche Ursache für die starke Unterrepräsentanz von Frauen auf Professuren angesehen. Aktuelle Studien zum deutschen Wissenschaftssystem finden das gegenteilige Ergebnis einer Bevorteilung von Frauen. Die Grundthese des vorliegenden Beitrages ist, dass dieses heterogene Bild einem zu oberflächlichen Blick geschuldet ist. Berufungsverfahren stellen eine Art Turnier mit verschiedenen Auswahlrunden dar, bei denen es neben den Qualifikationen der einzelnen Bewerber/innen auch immer darauf ankommt, wer mit wem um welche Stelle konkurriert. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird erstmals die Spezifik der Verfahren durch die Anwendung eineslabor queueModells berücksichtigt. Für eine mittelgroße deutsche Universität liegen prozessproduzierte Daten zu mehr als 230 Stellenbesetzungen für die Jahre 2001 bis 2013 vor. NebenVerfahrensdatenüber fünf Stufen im Auswahlprozess (Bewerbung, Erstauswahl, Vorstellungsvortrag, Aufnahme in den Berufungsvorschlag, erster Listenplatz) können für eine Teilmenge an BerufungsverfahrenListenplatzdaten(Publikationsleistungen und Lebenslaufinformationen) analysiert werden. Die Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, dass sich Wissenschaftlerinnen zu einem geringeren Anteil bewerben, als nach ihrer Qualifikation zu erwarten wäre. Über die ersten Stufen der Berufungsverfahren ist dann ein Anstieg des Frauenanteils gegenüber dem Bewerbungsfeld zu beobachten. Analysen mit Leistungsindikatoren deuten auf insgesamt faire Auswahlchancen für den ersten Listenplatz hin.
Perceived Wellness Associated With Practice and Competition in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Football Players
Authors: Wellman Aaron D. , Coad Sam C. , Flynn Patrick J. , Siam Ty K. , McLellan Christopher P. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Wellman, AD, Coad, SC, Flynn, PJ, Siam, TK, and McLellan, CP. Perceived wellness associated with practice and competition in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football players. J Strength Cond Res 33(1): 112–124, 2019—This study assessed the influence of movement demands resulting from weekly practice sessions and games, on perceived wellness measurements taken postgame (Sunday) and 48 hours pregame (Thursday) throughout the in-season period in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I football players. Thirty players were monitored using global positioning system receivers (OptimEye S5; Catapult Innovations) during 12 games and 24 in-season practices. Movement variables included low-intensity distance, medium-intensity distance, high-intensity distance, sprint distance, total distance, player load, and acceleration and deceleration distance. Perceived wellness, including fatigue, soreness, sleep quality and quantity, stress, and mood, was examined using a questionnaire on a 1–5 Likert scale. Multilevel mixed linear regressions determined the differential effects of movement metrics on perceived wellness. Post hoc tests were conducted to evaluate the pairwise differentials of movement and significance for wellness ratings. Notable findings included significantly (p ≤ 0.05) less player load, low-intensity distance, medium-intensity distance, high-intensity distance, total distance, and acceleration and deceleration distance at all intensities, in those reporting more favorable (4–5) ratings of perceived fatigue and soreness on Sunday. Conversely, individuals reporting more favorable Sunday-perceived stress ratings demonstrated significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher player load, low-intensity and medium-intensity distance, total distance, low-intensity and medium-intensity deceleration distance, and acceleration distance at all intensities than individuals reporting less favorable (1–2) perceived stress ratings. Data from this study provide a novel investigation of perceived wellness associated with college football practice and competition. Results support the use of wellness questionnaires for monitoring perceived wellness in NCAA Division I college football players.
Evaluation of Two-Atmosphere Thermogravimetric Analysis for Determining the Unburned Carbon Content in Fly Ash
Authors: Mohebbi Mina , Rajabipour Farshad , Scheetz Barry E. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The unburned carbon (UC) content of fly ash impacts the performance (e.g., air entrainment, rheology) of concrete mixtures. The loss on ignition (LOI) test is commonly used to estimate the UC content; however, this may be inaccurate, as the weight change upon igniting fly ash is also due to calcination of carbonates, desorption of bound water, and oxidation of sulfur and iron minerals. In this study, a two-atmosphere thermogravimetric analysis (2A-TGA) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) was performed to evaluate the chemical reactions that occur upon heating of fly ash and to measure the true UC content. 2A-TGA was performed under two distinct atmospheres: (i) in non-oxidizing helium gas, to measure weight loss due to decomposition of carbonates and loss of bound water and (ii) in oxidizing air, to measure weight loss due to conversion of UC to carbon dioxide (CO2). The method was applied to five class F fly ashes with LOI in the range 1.89 % to 7.66 %, a class C fly ash (LOI = 3.86 %), and a fluidized bed combustion (FBC) ash (LOI = 8.10 %). The results were also compared with the total carbon (TC) of each fly ash measured using infrared (IR) spectroscopy via a commercial Laboratory Equipment Corporation (LECO) carbon analyzer. The results show that there is no one-to-one relationship between the LOI and the TC or UC contents of fly ash. LOI overestimated TC by up to 2.5 times and overestimated UC by up to 6.4 times.
Mechanical Properties of an Artificially Cemented Clayey Material
Authors: Silvestri Vincenzo , Ewane Mireille Sandrine 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
As part of an ongoing investigation on the behavior of the brittle cemented sensitive clays of eastern Canada, static penetrometer and vane shear tests had to be performed in the laboratory. Because it was impossible to sample undisturbed blocks of clay of the necessary size, an artificial model material was developed to simulate the response of sensitive clays, namely, brittle response at low stresses and loss of strength upon remolding. The model material consists of a mixture of kaolinite, bentonite, portland cement, and water. Two mixes were produced: a softer 6.25 % cement content and a stiffer 14 % cement content. It is shown that the materials are characterized by stress-strain behaviors similar to those of soft to medium sensitive clays. It is also shown that the artificially bonded materials simulate quite well other mechanical properties of sensitive clays of eastern Canada, such as high water contents and void ratios; brittle failure at low confining pressures; high G u/Su ratios, where Gu=shear modulus and Su=undrained shear strength; and severe collapse of the structure for vertical effective stresses in excess of the materials’ preconsolidation pressures. Specimens cured 21 days were used successfully for laboratory indentation, vane shear, and unconfined and triaxial compression tests, as well as oedometer tests. In addition, the variation of the undrained shear strength of the 14 % cement content specimens was followed for a maximum curing period of one year, by means of vane shear tests and unconfined compression tests.
Long-Term Permeability Characteristics of Soil-Geosynthetic Combination Used in Landfill Covers
Authors: Gapak Yagom , Yamsani Sudheer K. , Sreedeep Sekharan , Rakesh Ravi R. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Multilayered cover system (MLCS) forms an integral part of engineered landfills nearing closure. Geosynthetic materials find multiple applications in MLCS as hydraulic barrier, drainage, separation, and filtration layers. Performance of geosynthetics used as filters needs to be well understood to ascertain the stability of MLCS. The main objective of this study is to investigate the compatibility of the soil-geosynthetic combination by long-term permeability tests. The compatibility of five different types of geosynthetics was evaluated with respect to two different gradations of red soil (RS) and RS–fly ash (FA) 50:50 mix. The results of long-term permeability and clogging characteristics were used to judge the effect of soil type, soil gradation, and type of geosynthetics on soil-geosynthetic compatibility. The efficacy of geosynthetics as filters was established based on (1) permeability improvement factor, which is defined as the ratio of the permeability of soil-geosynthetic composition to the permeability of the soil, and (2) stabilization time, i.e., the time required by the soil-geosynthetic system to achieve hydraulic equilibrium. It was noted from this study that the soil type and gradation had significant effect on the long-term permeability variation. The effect of the geosynthetic on the soil-geosynthetic combination is governed by its pore-size characteristics and was found to be marginal in this study. The stabilization time of a soil-geosynthetic combination increases with increase in soil fines content. The cyclic variation in permeability with time for a particular soil was found to be similar when different geosynthetics were used. Irrespective of soil type, higher permeability improvement factor was observed in the case of a woven multifilament geosynthetic and less in the case of a geocomposite. The class F FA in conjunction with RS was found to be compatible with the geosynthetics used in this study.
Bilingual Language Switching in the Laboratory versus in the Wild: The Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Adaptive Language Control
Authors: Blanco-Elorrieta Esti , Pylkkänen Liina 
Published: August 2017

For a bilingual human, every utterance requires a choice about which language to use. This choice is commonly regarded as part of general executive control, engaging prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices similarly to many types of effortful task switching. However, although language control within artificial switching paradigms has been heavily studied, the neurobiology of natural switching within socially cued situations has not been characterized. Additionally, although theoretical models address how language control mechanisms adapt to the distinct demands of different interactional contexts, these predictions have not been empirically tested. We used MEG (RRID:NIFINV:nlx_inv_090918) to investigate language switching in multiple contexts ranging from completely artificial to the comprehension of a fully natural bilingual conversation recorded “in the wild.” Our results showed less anterior cingulate and prefrontal cortex involvement for more natural switching. In production, voluntary switching did not engage the prefrontal cortex or elicit behavioral switch costs. In comprehension, while laboratory switches recruited executive control areas, fully natural switching within a conversation only engaged auditory cortices. Multivariate pattern analyses revealed that, in production, interlocutor identity was represented in a sustained fashion throughout the different stages of language planning until speech onset. In comprehension, however, a biphasic pattern was observed: interlocutor identity was first represented at the presentation of the interlocutor and then again at the presentation of the auditory word. In all, our findings underscore the importance of ecologically valid experimental paradigms and offer the first neurophysiological characterization of language control in a range of situations simulating real life to various degrees.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBilingualism is an inherently social phenomenon, interactional context fully determining language choice. This research addresses the neural mechanisms underlying multilingual individuals' ability to successfully adapt to varying conversational contexts both while speaking and listening. Our results showed that interactional context critically determines language control networks' engagement: switching under external constraints heavily recruited prefrontal control regions, whereas natural, voluntary switching did not. These findings challenge conclusions derived from artificial switching paradigms, which suggested that language switching is intrinsically effortful. Further, our results predict that the so-called bilingual advantage should be limited to individuals who need to control their languages according to external cues and thus would not occur by virtue of an experience in which switching is fully free.
Interest Rate Pass-Through: The Case of Indonesia
Authors: Utama Chandra , Septiani Rizqianisa 
Published: August 2017

This paper examines the direct and indirect interest rate pass-trough (IRPT) from policy interest rate (BI rate) to banks’ retail interest rates in Indonesia during a full-fledged inflation-targeting regime. We use montly data of policy interest rate (BI rate) as well as interest rates for interbank money market (interbank), deposit, and loan during July 2005 to May 2015. We employ Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) to find the significant of IRPT and the speed of adjustment process of IRPT. The study suggests the existence of direct and indirect IRPT in Indonesia. The change of policy rate is transmitted quicker in the direct channel compared to the indirect channel. However, indirect channel is more stable than the direct channel. We conclude that the direct and indirect IRPT are complementary.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v6i2.4819
Performance Analysis of Indonesia’s Mining Sector Price Index
Authors: Satyatama Hastra Reza , Sumantyo Riwi 
Published: August 2017

Subprime mortage’s crisis in United States 2008 giving effect to the global capital markets especially the stock price index of the mining sector Indonesia. This research analyzes the effect of BI Rate, exchange rate, world gold price, crude oil price, and Dow Jones Industrial Average on the stock price index of the mining sector. This research employs time series monthly data of 2009-2016 with Error Correction Model-Engle Granger (ECM-EG) as the method. The analysis showed that the BI rate, exchange rate and world gold price, has a negative and significant effect. World oil prices affect positively but not significant meanwhile the Dow Jones Industrial Average has a positive and significant impact on the stock price index of the mining sector. For investors in the mining sector, should pay attention to the exchange rate of the rupiah and Dow Jones Index significantly in the mining sector of the stock price index.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v6i2.5395
Four new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from the Valle del Cauca department in Colombia
Authors: Karremans Adam P. , Rodríguez-Martínez Lizeth , Rincón-Useche Cristian 
Published: August 2017

Pleurothallis indecora, P. juvenilis, P. lueriana and P. queremalensis are described from material collected in the municipality of Dagua, department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia. The four species were found during field inventories of the Orchidaceae in San José del Salado and El Queremal, they are illustrated, and a comparison with their closest relatives is provided.
Apropriações
Authors: Barcelos Carolina Montebelo 
Published: August 2017

Por meio do estudo crítico das peças Conselho de classe, LaborAtorial e Como estou hoje, que compunham o projeto Ethos Carioca, da Cia. dos Atores, estreado em 2013, procurou-se discutir como seus membros e artistas convidados se valem de uma gama de referências artísticas e de experiências pessoais na concepção de suas peças. A partir de um breve exame sobre o conceito de “apropriação”, propôs-se o entendimento do trabalho criativo da Cia. dos Atores e de sua experimentação com elementos do real através de um processo de hibridização com as artes plásticas, cinema, vídeo e dança, além de diversos gêneros teatrais. Para esse fim, o exame das peças foi fundamentado com estudos teóricos levados a cabo por Jean-Pierre Ryngaert, Patrice Pavis, André Lepecki, Winnie Wong e Piotr Woycicki, assim como entrevistas realizadas com os membros da Cia. dos Atores no ano de 2016.
Individual Versus Community-Level Risk Compensation Following Preexposure Prophylaxis of HIV
Authors: Holt Martin , Murphy Dean A. 
Published: August 2017

We analyzed the concept of risk compensation and how it has been applied in HIV prevention, paying particular attention to the strategy of HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In risk compensation, reduced perceptions of risk after the introduction of a preventative intervention lead to more frequent risk-taking behavior. Such a change may undermine the intervention’s protective benefits. We found that many studies purporting to investigate risk compensation do not assess or report changes in perceptions of risk, instead relying on behavioral measures. Our analysis suggests a complex and sometimes counterintuitive relationship between the introduction of a new prevention intervention, perceptions of HIV risk, and subsequent changes in behavior. As PrEP is introduced, we believe comprehensive assessment of community-level risk compensation—that is, changes in risk perceptions and behavior as a result of increased optimism about avoiding HIV among people not directly protected by PrEP—should not be omitted. We therefore suggest ways to assess prevention optimism and community-level risk compensation.
Lead Content of Sindoor, a Hindu Religious Powder and Cosmetic: New Jersey and India, 2014–2015
Authors: Shah Manthan P. , Shendell Derek G. , Strickland Pamela Ohman , Bogden John D. , Kemp Francis W. , Halperin William 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To assess the extent of lead content of sindoor, a powder used by Hindus for religious and cultural purposes, which has been linked to childhood lead poisoning when inadvertently ingested. Methods. We purchased 95 samples of sindoor from 66 South Asian stores in New Jersey and 23 samples from India and analyzed samples with atomic absorption spectrophotometry methods for lead. Results. Analysis determined that 79 (83.2%) sindoor samples purchased in the United States and 18 (78.3%) samples purchased in India contained 1.0 or more micrograms of lead per gram of powder. For US samples, geometric mean concentration was 5.4 micrograms per gram compared with 28.1 micrograms per gram for India samples. The maximum lead content detected in both US and India samples was more than 300 000 micrograms per gram. Of the examined US sindoor samples, 19% contained more than 20 micrograms per gram of lead (US Food and Drug Administration [FDA] limit); 43% of the India samples exceeded this limit. Conclusions. Results suggested continued need for lead monitoring in sindoor in the United States and in sindoor carried into the United States by travelers from India, despite FDA warnings.
Readiness to Vaccinate Critical Personnel During an Influenza Pandemic, United States, 2015
Authors: Moulia Danielle L. , Dopson Stephanie A. , Vagi Sara J. , Fitzgerald Thomas J. , Fiebelkorn Amy Parker , Graitcer Samuel B. 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To assess the readiness to vaccinate critical infrastructure personnel (CIP) involved in managing public works, emergency services, transportation, or any other system or asset that would have an immediate debilitating impact on the community if not maintained. Methods. We analyzed self-reported planning to vaccinate CIP during an influenza pandemic with data from 2 surveys: (1) the Program Annual Progress Assessment of immunization programs and (2) the Pandemic Influenza Readiness Assessment of public health emergency preparedness programs. Both surveys were conducted in 2015. Results. Twenty-six (43.3%) of 60 responding public health emergency preparedness programs reported having an operational plan to identify and vaccinate CIP, and 16 (26.2%) of 61 responding immunization programs reported knowing the number of CIP in their program’s jurisdictions. Conclusions. Many programs may not be ready to identify and vaccinate CIP during an influenza pandemic. Additional efforts are needed to ensure operational readiness to vaccinate CIP during the next influenza pandemic.
Violent Death Reporting in Maryland: Demographic Variability in Data Completeness
Authors: Smith Meghan L. , Akinyemi Adebola A. , Stanley Jennifer L. , Mitchell Clifford S. 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To analyze the completeness of precipitating circumstance information recorded in the Maryland Violent Death Reporting System and identify limitations that could affect the system’s utility. Methods. We reviewed all violent deaths among Maryland residents for the years 2003 through 2014 (n = 19 161). We assessed the presence of precipitating circumstance data (abstracted from medical examiner and police reports) by manner of death and demographic characteristics. We further evaluated homicide records with multivariable regression. Results. Demographic variation in circumstance reporting was most pronounced for homicide. Circumstances were known for 53.2% of homicide cases, and this percentage was lower among non-Latino Blacks (48.2%), males (50.7%), those aged 18 to 25 years (47.9%), those residing in jurisdictions with higher-than-average homicide rates (46.1%), and those who died outside in a public place (43.4%) or in a correctional facility (48.9%). With the exception of male gender, these factors were significantly associated with circumstance reporting when we controlled for demographic and situational variables. Conclusions. Circumstance reporting was least likely among groups most at risk for homicide in Maryland. Collection of circumstance data for the most affected groups should be strengthened to help develop better prevention strategies.
Living Outside the Gender Box in Mexico: Testimony of Transgender Mexican Asylum Seekers
Authors: Cheney Marshall K. , Gowin Mary J. , Taylor E. Laurette , Frey Melissa , Dunnington Jamie , Alshuwaiyer Ghadah , Huber J. Kathleen , Garcia Mary Camero , Wray Grady C. 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To explore preimmigration experiences of violence and postimmigration health status in male-to-female transgender individuals (n = 45) from Mexico applying for asylum in the United States. Methods. We used a document review process to examine asylum declarations and psychological evaluations of transgender Mexican asylum seekers in the United States from 2012. We coded documents in 2013 and 2014 using NVivo, a multidisciplinary team reviewed them, and then we analyzed them for themes. Results. Mexican transgender asylum applicants experienced pervasive verbal, physical, and sexual abuse from multiple sources, including family, school, community, and police. Applicants also experienced discrimination in school and in the workplace. Applicants immigrated to the United States to escape persistent assaults and threats to their life. Applicants suffered health and psychological effects from their experiences in Mexico that affected opportunities in the United States for employment, education, and social inclusion. Conclusions. Additional social protections for transgender individuals and antidiscrimination measures in Mexican schools and workplaces are warranted as are increased mental health assessment and treatment, job training, and education services for asylum seekers in the United States.