bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An experimental study of a damage‐controllable plastic‐hinge‐supported wall structure
Authors: Wang Xiaoting , Wang Tao , Qu Zhe 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall serves as one of the most important components sustaining lateral seismic forces. Although they allow advanced seismic performance to be achieved, RC shear walls are rather difficult to repair once the physical plastic hinge at the bottom part has been formed. To overcome this, a damage‐controllable plastic hinge with a large energy dissipation capacity is developed herein, in which the sectional forces are decoupled and sustained separately by different components. The components sustaining the axial and the shear forces all remain elastic even under a rarely occurred earthquake, while the bending components yield and dissipate seismic energy during a design‐level earthquake. This design makes the behavior of the system more predictable and thus more easily customizable to different performance demands. Moreover, the energy dissipation components can be conveniently replaced to fully restore the occupancy function of a building. To examine the seismic behavior of the newly developed component, 3 one third‐scale specimens were tested quasi‐statically, including 1 RC wall complying with the current design codes of China and 2 installed with the damage‐controllable plastic hinges. Each wall was designed to have the same strength. The experimental results demonstrated that the plastic‐hinge‐supported walls had a better energy dissipation capacity and damage controllability than the RC specimen. Both achieved drift ratios greater than 3% under a steadily increasing lateral force.
Application of natural deep eutectic solvents for the “green”extraction of vanillin from vanilla pods
Authors: González Cecilia Guízar , Mustafa Natali Rianika , Wilson Erica Georgina , Verpoorte Robert , Choi Young Hae 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn recent years, a new type of solvents, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), have been developed and are gaining popularity as an alternative “green solvent” to conventional organic solvents. The traditional extraction of flavor or fragrance from plant materials such as vanillin is a tedious procedure that involves the use of organic solvents. In this case the solubility of vanillin and its extractability from vanilla pods in 14 NADES was evaluated. The solubility in some NADES such as lactic acid: propanediol (620 mg/mL) and lactic acid: fructose (320 mg/mL) was found to be almost similar to that of organic solvents e.g. methanol (632.94 mg/mL) or ethanol (375.81 mg/mL). Interestingly, the extractability of vanillin from vanilla pods did not reflect the results observed for the solubility tests. Some NADES with constituents that are suitable as food ingredients such as citric acid‐fructose‐glucose (CAFG), fructose‐glucose (FG), malic acid‐glucose (MAG), and malic acid‐fructose‐glucose (MAFG), showed a higher extraction power (7.6, 10.1, 16.7, and 16.3 mg/g DW, respectively) than ethanol (4.4 mg/g DW). The discrepancy between solubility and extractability might be due to differences in the interaction with the matrix depending on the NADES. The effect of water content in some NADES on the extractability of vanillin was also studied. With the high extraction capacity and the absence of toxicity of their components, NADES are very suitable for extraction of flavours and fragrances used in food and cosmetics.
Altered white matter structure in the visual system following early monocular enucleation
Authors: Wong Nikita A. , Rafique Sara A. , Kelly Krista R. , Moro Stefania S. , Gallie Brenda L. , Steeves Jennifer K. E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPartial visual deprivation from early monocular enucleation (the surgical removal of one eye within the first few years of life) results in a number of long‐term morphological adaptations in adult cortical and subcortical visual, auditory, and multisensory brain regions. In this study, we investigated whether early monocular enucleation also results in the altered development of white matter structure. Diffusion tensor imaging and probabilistic tractography were performed to assess potential differences in visual system white matter in adult participants who had undergone early monocular enucleation compared to binocularly intact controls. To examine the microstructural properties of these tracts, mean diffusion parameters including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were extracted bilaterally. Asymmetries opposite to those observed in controls were found for FA, MD, and RD in the optic radiations, the projections from primary visual cortex (V1) to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), and the interhemispheric V1 projections of early monocular enucleation participants. Early monocular enucleation was also associated with significantly lower FA bidirectionally in the interhemispheric V1 projections. These differences were consistently greater for the tracts contralateral to the enucleated eye, and are consistent with the asymmetric LGN volumes and optic tract diameters previously demonstrated in this group of participants. Overall, these results indicate that early monocular enucleation has long‐term effects on white matter structure in the visual pathway that results in reduced fiber organization in tracts contralateral to the enucleated eye. Hum Brain Mapp 39:133–144, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Justification of routine venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in head and neck cancer reconstructive surgery
Authors: Ong Hui Shan , Gokavarapu Sandhya , Al‐Qamachi Laith , Yin Min Yi , Su Li Xin , Ji Tong , Zhang Chen Ping 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a preventable complication in which early ambulation is expected after head and neck surgery. Thus, the role of VTE prophylaxis is questionable and needs further assessment. The purpose of this study was to specify the relative contributing risk factors for patients who underwent head and neck cancer ablation with immediate reconstruction.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of consecutive head and neck cancer ablations with immediate reconstructions between 2008 and 2013. Dextran and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were routinely given as flap thromboprophylaxis. Logistic regression was applied to analyze the potentially significant risk factors.ResultsOf 1953 subjects, the incidence of symptomatic VTE was 2.2% with 0.1% mortality rate. Prolonged surgery (>592.5 minutes; P = .048), immobilization (>4 days; P = .019), and subjects without postoperative flap thromboprophylaxis (P = .002) are significant risk factors for VTE development.ConclusionOur flap thromboprophylaxis regime might have played a crucial role in keeping the incidence of VTE low. Despite prolonged immobilization in fibula flap reconstruction, the incidence of VTE remained low when flap thromboprophylaxis was given.
Cost analysis of a speech pathology synchronous telepractice service for patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Burns Clare L. , Kularatna Sanjeewa , Ward Elizabeth C. , Hill Anne J. , Byrnes Joshua , Kenny Lizbeth M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to report the economic outcomes of a new synchronous telepractice service providing speech pathology intervention to patients with head and neck cancer at nonmetropolitan facilities.MethodsA multisite randomized controlled trial comparing standard care versus a new synchronous telepractice model was conducted within a large Australian public cancer service. Data pertaining to health service costs (staff wages, equipment, and patient travel reimbursement), patient +/‐ carer costs (travel and wages), and patient‐reported quality of life (Assessment of Quality of Life questionnaire 4D) were collected.ResultsEighty‐two referrals (39 standard care and 43 synchronous telepractice care) were managed. The new telepractice service reported average cost savings of 12% (P < .0058) for the health service and $40.05 saving per patient per referral. An equivalent positive increase in quality of life (0.04) was reported for both groups.ConclusionThe synchronous telepractice service provides cost efficiencies over standard care for providing remote specialist speech pathology head and neck cancer intervention.
Modified technique for preservation of inferior alveolar nerve during mandibulectomy
Authors: Chen Min‐jie , Yang Chi , Huang Dong , He Dong‐mei , Wang Yi‐wen , Zhang Wen‐hao 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this article is to introduce the modified technique of preservation of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) during mandibulectomy for a benign lesion.MethodsFive cases of osteofibrous hyperplasia and 3 cases of centricity osteomyelitis were included. During surgery, the IAN was marked using a planned cutting guide. Using an oscillating saw, the depth of the osteotomy along the IAN was controlled until the bone cortex was cut through. After splitting, the bony section was removed, leaving the neurovascular bundle intact. The sensation of the lower lip was evaluated using current perceptive threshold testing during follow‐up.ResultsAfter follow‐up for 6‐27 months, no recurrence or secondary deformity was found. One patient had severe sensory disturbance.ConclusionWith the use of a cutting guide and osteotomy tricks, mandibulectomy with preservation of the IAN can be accurately performed.
18F‐Fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography/CT‐guided volumetric‐modulated arc therapy‐based dose escalation for hypoxic subvolume in nasopharyngeal carcinomas: A feasibility study
Authors: Qiu Jianjian , Lv Bo , Fu Meina , Wang Xianglian , Zheng Xiangpeng , Zhuo Weihai 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of a simultaneously integrated boost to the hypoxic subvolume of nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NCPs) under the guidance of 18F‐fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT using volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) techniques.MethodsEight patients with NPC were treated with simultaneous integrated boost‐IMRT (treatment plan named IMRT70) with dose prescriptions of 70 Gy, 66 Gy, 60 Gy, and 54 Gy to the gross tumor volume (GTV), positive neck nodes, the planning target volume (PTV), and the clinically negative neck, respectively. Based on the same datasets, experimental plans with the same dose prescription plus a dose boost of 14 Gy (an escalation of 20% of the prescription dose) to the hypoxic volume target contoured on the pretreatment 18F‐FMISO PET/CT imaging were generated using IMRT and VMAT techniques, respectively (represented by IMRT84 and VMAT84). Two or more arcs (approximately 2‐2.5 arcs, totally rotating angle <1000 degrees) were used in VMAT plans and 9 equally separated fields in IMRT plans. Dosimetric parameters, total monitor units, and delivery time were calculated for comparative study of plan quality and delivery efficiency between IMRT84 and VMAT84.ResultsIn experimental plans, hypoxic target volumes successfully received the prescribed dose of 84 Gy in compliance with other dose constraints with either the IMRT technique or the VMAT technique. In terms of the target coverage, dose homogeneity, and organs at risk (OAR) sparing, there was no statistically significant difference between the actual treatment plan of IMRT70 and experimental plans. The total monitor unit of VMAT84 (525.7 ± 39.8) was significantly less than IMRT70 (1171.5 ± 167; P = .001) and IMRT84 (1388.3 ± 151.0; P = .001) per fraction, with 55.1% and 62.1% reduction. The average machine delivery time was 3.5 minutes for VMAT plans in comparison with approximately 8 minutes for IMRT plans, resulting in a reduction factor of 56.2%. For experimental plans, the 3D gamma index average was over 98.0% with no statistical significant difference when a 3%/3 mm gamma passing rate criteria was used.ConclusionWith the guidance of 18F‐FMISO PET/CT imaging, dose escalation to hypoxic zones within NPC could be achieved and delivered efficiently with the VMAT technique in comparison with the IMRT technique.
Therapeutic lateral neck dissection in well‐differentiated thyroid cancer: Analysis on factors predicting distribution of positive nodes and prognosis
Authors: Lombardi Davide , Paderno Alberto , Giordano Davide , Barbieri Diego , Taboni Stefano , Piazza Cesare , Cappelli Carlo , Bertagna Francesco , Barbieri Verter , Piana Simonetta , Bellafiore Salvatore , Spriano Giuseppe , Mercante Giuseppe , Nicolai Piero 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundNeck dissection is considered the treatment of choice in patients with lateral neck metastases from well‐differentiated thyroid cancer.MethodsA multicenter, retrospective review of patients who underwent therapeutic lateral neck dissection for well‐differentiated thyroid carcinoma was carried out.ResultsThe study included a total of 405 lateral neck dissections performed in 352 patients; 197 women (56%) and 155 men (44%). When considering ipsilateral neck metastases, levels IIa, IIb, III, IV, Va, Vb, and V (not otherwise specified) were involved in 42%, 6%, 73%, 67%, 11%, 31%, and 35% of cases, respectively. Five‐year and 10‐year overall survival (OS) were 93% and 81%, respectively. Age >55 years, pathologic T (pT)4 category, tumor diameter >4 cm, aggressive variants of well‐differentiated thyroid carcinoma, endovascular invasion, and number of positive nodes >5 turned out to be the most important prognostic factors.ConclusionNeck dissection is a valid treatment option in the presence of neck metastasis from well‐differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Levels IIa, III, IV, and Vb should always be removed.
Chairside molecular imaging of aberrant glycosylation in subjects with suspicious oral lesions using fluorescently labeled wheat germ agglutinin
Authors: Baeten John , Johnson Alexander , Sunny Sumsum , Suresh Amritha , Birur Praveen , Uma K , Kademani Deepak 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundAberrant sialylation is accepted as a carcinogenic biomarker. In previous work, fluorescently labeled wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) distinguished between cancerous and normal oral biopsies. The purpose of this study was to investigate WGA‐fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as a point‐of‐care tool for detecting oral malignant and dysplastic lesions in vivo.MethodsSubject recruitment was divided into two groups: (1) the clinically normal oral mucosa group; or (2) the presence of clinically suspicious oral lesion(s) group. A WGA‐FITC solution was topically applied to observable lesions or to half the subject's mouth (sagittal plane) if lesions were absent. Fluorescent molecular imaging was used to evaluate WGA‐FITC localization.ResultsFluorescent imaging in 55 subjects demonstrated that WGA‐FITC could detect histopathologically‐confirmed cancerous and dysplastic lesions with high sensitivity (100% and 81%, respectively) and specificity (82%).ConclusionThis study supports in vivo fluorescent molecular imaging of WGA‐FITC to visualize aberrant sialic acid expression associated with carcinogenesis. This technique resulted in the immediate chairside detection of oral cancerous and dysplastic lesions.
Meta‐analysis of the association of maternal smoking and passive smoking during pregnancy with neural tube defects
Authors: Meng Xin , Sun Yanxin , Duan Wenhou , Jia Chongqi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear whether the incidence of neural tube defects (NTDs) is greater with maternal smoking or with passive smoking during pregnancy.ObjectivesTo compare the effects of smoking and passive smoking during pregnancy on the risk of NTDs.Search strategyEnglish and Chinese databases were searched for relevant papers published before March 2017, using search terms including “smoking” and “NTD.”Selection criteriaCase–control and cohort studies on the aforementioned association were included.Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently extracted the original data. Meta‐analyses were performed to assess the risks associated with smoking and passive smoking, followed by a comparison of the two pooled effect estimates. The I2 statistic was used to examine between‐study heterogeneity.Main resultsThe final analysis included 23 articles representing 33 studies. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of NTDs was 1.052 (0.907–1.220) with smoking and 1.898 (1.557–2.313) with passive smoking. Comparison of these ORs indicated that the risk of NTDs was higher with passive smoking than with smoking (OR 1.804, 95% CI 1.409–2.309).ConclusionsCompared with smoking, exposure to passive smoking during pregnancy carries a higher risk of having infants with NTDs.
Surface modification of valve metals using plasma electrolytic oxidation for antibacterial applications: A review
Authors: Rizwan Muhammad , Alias Rodianah , Zaidi Umi Zhalilah , Mahmoodian Reza , Hamdi Mohd 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPlasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is an advance technique to develop porous oxidation layer on light metals, primarily to enhance corrosion and wear resistance. The oxidation layer can also offer a wide variety of mechanical, biomedical, tribological, and antibacterial properties through the incorporation of several ions and particles. Due to the increasing need of antimicrobial surfaces for biomedical implants, antibacterial PEO coatings have been developed through the incorporation of antibacterial agents. Metallic nanoparticles that have been employed most widely as antibacterial agents are reported to demonstrate serious health and environmental threats. To overcome the current limitations of these coatings, there is a significant need to develop antibacterial surfaces that are not harmful for patient's health and environment. Attention of the readers has been directed to utilize bioactive glasses as antibacterial agents for PEO coatings. Bioactive glasses are well known for their excellent bioactivity, biocompatibility, and antibacterial character. PEO coatings incorporated with bioactive glasses can provide environment‐friendly antimicrobial surfaces with exceptional bioactivity, biocompatibility, and osseointegration. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 590–605, 2018.
Influence of various air‐abrasive powders on the viability and density of periodontal cells: An in vitro study
Authors: Sygkounas Eleftherios , Louropoulou Anna , Schoenmaker Ton , de Vries Teun J. , Van der Weijden Fridus A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRemnants of air‐abrasive powders on treated surfaces and tissues may affect tissue healing. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the possible effect of five commercially available air‐abrasive powders on the viability and cell density of three types of periodontal cells. A sodium bicarbonate powder, two amino acid glycine powders, an amino acid glycine and tricalcium phosphate powder and an erythritol powder were tested. Suspensions of these powders in three different concentrations were prepared and incubated with gingival epithelial cells, gingival fibroblasts, and periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts for 6 hours. Mitochondrial activity, as a measure for cell viability, was evaluated by means of fluorescence activity of a redox indicator. Amount of DNA was measured as indication of cell density. All powders affected in different degrees cell viability and/or density. The most pronounced adverse effect was observed with the sodium bicarbonate followed by the erythritol‐containing powder and at the highest concentration. A fivefold reduction or more in the number of cells was observed. The tricalcium phosphate containing powder had the least effect on all types of cells. Even, increased numbers of epithelial cells (twofold) were observed. Within the limits of the present study, it was concluded that careful selection of the powder is important to improve the clinical outcomes of air powder abrasive treatment. A tricalcium phosphate containing powder may improve the biologic responses. A sodium bicarbonate powder should be used with caution. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1955–1963, 2018.
Evaluation of the in‐vitro behavior of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and zinc doped hydroxyapatite coatings obtained using solution precursor plasma spraying
Authors: Candidato Rolando T. , Thouzellier Camille , Pawłowski Lech 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe in‐vitro behavior of hydroxyapatite (HA) and zinc (Zn) doped HA coatings obtained using solution precursor plasma spraying is evaluated in this work. The modifications of the surface morphology and phase composition of the coatings after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) were analyzed. In particular, apatite layer was formed on the pure HA coating's surface and inside their micropores. The layer exhibited needle‐like nanostructures where needles had diameter of 7–10 nm. The formation of apatite was explained by the surface charge mechanism. The formed thin apatite layer is considered to be bone‐like apatite based from the thin film‐X‐ray diffraction analysis. The nanometric/submicrometric deposits of the HA coatings resulted to greater effective surface area exposed to SBF which allows for the accelerated formation of homogeneous apatite layer. Moreover, apatite was not formed in all Zn doped HA coatings due to the inhibiting effect of Zn ions present at the coatings' surface. This observation helped understand the mechanism of apatite formation based on the exchange of ionic charges between the SBF and the surface of the HA coating. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2101–2108, 2018.
Soluble Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Incident Fractures in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Stojanović Danijela , Bůžková Petra , Mukamal Kenneth J , Heckbert Susan R , Psaty Bruce M , Fink Howard A , Cauley Jane A , Wallace Erin , Curtis Lesley H , Hirsch Calvin , Budoff Matthew , Li Dong , Young Rebekah , Jalal Diana , Delaney Joseph AC 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Several in vitro and animal studies have showed that inflammatory markers play a role in bone remodeling and pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Additionally, some human longitudinal studies showed suggestive associations between elevated inflammatory markers and increased risk of nontraumatic fractures. We examined several inflammatory markers and multiple fracture types in a single study of older individuals with extensive follow-up. We assessed the association of four inflammatory markers with the risk of incident hip fractures among 5265 participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and a composite endpoint of incident fractures of the hip, pelvis, humerus, or proximal forearm in 4477 participants. Among CHS participants followed between 1992 and 2009, we observed 480 incident hip fractures during a median follow-up of 11 years. In the composite fracture analysis cohort of 4477 participants, we observed 711 fractures during a median follow-up of 7 years. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hip fracture associated with doubling of IL-6 were HR 1.15 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.30) overall and HR 1.17 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.35) in women. We also observed a positive association between each unit increase in white blood cell (WBC) count and risk of hip fracture: HR 1.04 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.06) overall and HR 1.06 (95% CI, 0.95 to 1.20) in women. We observed no significant associations between any of the four inflammatory markers and a composite fracture endpoint. Our findings suggest that chronic inflammatory and immune processes may be related to higher rates of incident hip fractures. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.