bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphometric traits capture the climatically driven species turnover of 10 spruce taxa across China
Authors: Li He , Wang GuoHong , Zhang Yun , Zhang WeiKang 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study explored the relative roles of climate and phylogenetic background in driving morphometric trait variation in 10 spruce taxa in China. The study further addressed the hypothesis that these variations are consistent with species turnover on climatic gradients. Nine morphometric traits of leaves, seed cones, and seeds for the 10 studied spruce taxa were measured at 504 sites. These data were analyzed in combination with species DNA sequences from NCBI GenBank. We detected the effects of phylogeny and climate through trait‐variation‐based K statistics and phylogenetic eigenvector regression (PVR) analyses. Multivariate analyses were performed to detect trait variation along climatic gradients with species replacement. The estimated K‐values for the nine studied morphometric traits ranged from 0.19 to 0.68, and the studied environmental variables explained 39–83% of the total trait variation. Trait variation tended to be determined largely by a temperature gradient varying from wet‐cool climates to dry‐warm summers and, additionally, by a moisture gradient. As the climate became wetter and cooler, spruce species tended to be replaced by other spruces with smaller needle leaves and seeds but larger cones and seed scales. A regression analysis showed that spruce species tended to be successively replaced by other species, along the gradient, although the trends observed within species were not necessarily consistent with the overall trend. The climatically driven replacement of the spruces in question could be well indicated by the between‐species variation in morphometric traits that carry lower phylogenetic signal. Between‐species variation in these traits is driven primarily by climatic factors. These species demonstrate a narrower ecological amplitude in temperature but wider ranges on the moisture gradient.
Solvent‐Dependent Regio‐ and Stereo­selective Oxidation of [2.2]Para­cyclophane‐Derived Phenols
Authors: Zhuravsky Roman P. , Antonov Dmitrii Yu. , Sergeeva Elena V. , Godovikov Ivan A. , Starikova Zoya A. , Vologzhanina Anna V. , Atman Natalia V. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe structure of the products formed upon oxidation of 4‐hydroxy[2.2]paracyclophane and its derivatives with Cu(OH)Cl·TMEDA depends on the solvent used. In MeOH oxidation accompanied with nucleophilic attack of the solvent to furnish predominantly or exclusively ortho‐cyclohexadienones (o‐quinol methyl ethers) of (Rp*,Rp*) relative configuration. Oxidation carried out in CH2Cl2 results in regio‐ and stereoselective formation of para‐cyclohexadienone dimers {variously substituted 7,7′‐bis[2.2]paracyclophan‐4,4′(7H,7′H)‐diones} with (Sp*,Rc*,Rc*,Sp*) relative and (Rp,Sc,Rc,Sp) absolute configurations (two out of six possible diastereomers in each case), whereas oxidation of the enantiomerically pure phenol produced the respective single product. The dimeric cyclohexadienones can suffer aromatization to form the respective dimeric para‐biphenols under the action of KOH in EtOH.
Social identity formation during the emergence of the occupy movement
Authors: Smith Laura G. E. , Gavin Jeffrey , Sharp Elise 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe Occupy movement made a series of local ‘sit‐ins’ in cities across the world in response to financial and political injustices. Prior to the movement's emergence, the Internet provided a transnational forum for people across the world to discuss their opinions and coalesce about the financial and political contexts. Here, we analyse 5343 posts on the ‘#OccupyWallStreet’ Facebook event page to identify linguistic markers of shared social identity formation. Results suggest that discussants formed a shared identity if they agreed on both the desired change (the injunctive norm, ‘revoke corporate personhood’) and the predefined action (Occupy Wall Street). Lines of consensus and dissensus on injunctive norms and actions delineated the development of both affirmational in‐group and negational out‐group identities. We conclude that online discussion can create both in‐groups and out‐groups through (in)validating ideas about social reformation and delineating shared psychological spaces.
Responses to a worsening environment: relative deprivation mediates between place attachments and behaviour
Authors: Walker Iain , Leviston Zoe , Price Jennifer , Devine‐Wright Patrick 
Published: January 2016

AbstractGlobal environmental degradation creates and exacerbates social injustices. Using relative deprivation (RD) theory, we investigate whether people perceive environmental degradation in Australia, and extend RD theory by connecting it to the construct of place attachment (PA) at multiple scales. We surveyed 5163 Australians, measuring RD, PA, personal and collective environmental behaviours, and policy support. About one‐third believed environmental quality is worsening and felt angry about it. We regressed each of the behaviour and policy‐support measures onto the RD and PA measures. Collective environmental behaviours and policy support were more strongly predicted, in each case by RD and just one of the PA measures. RD partially mediated the association between PA and each of the behavioural measures. Responses to global environmental degradation are an admixture of injustice and place attachments at multiple scales. Efforts to promote environmentally relevant behaviours require attention to local and global attachments and identities.
Do we need them? When immigrant communities are perceived as indispensable to national identity or functioning of the host society
Authors: Guerra Rita , Gaertner Samuel L. , António Raquel , Deegan Matthew 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study proposed a new perspective to look at the consequences of the formation of immigrant communities in globalized societies, by investigating the impact of two forms of group indispensability on majority attitudes towards immigrants. Specifically, it explored whether perceived indispensability of different immigrant groups to the national identity and their contributions to the functioning of the host society are related to the development of more positive attitudes towards them. We also explored whether such effects would be mediated by the inclusion of immigrants within the national common identity and whether these effects would be stronger among host country members with a stronger civic than ethnic conception of national citizenship. Results supported these predictions among a sample of native Portuguese citizens (N = 118). As predicted, these effects were driven by perceptions of different types of indispensability for three immigrant groups in Portugal, who differed in their historical relations with the host society.
Global value perceptions: The legitimising functions of western representations of democracy
Authors: Staerklé Christian , Falomir‐Pichastor Juan Manuel , Pereira Andrea , Berent Jacques , Butera Fabrizio 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis paper argues that a fundamental antagonism between democracy and nondemocracy organises lay thinking on global issues. We review key findings of a long‐standing experimental research programme that examined the “Democracy‐as‐value” hypothesis across a variety of political and social contexts. This hypothesis contends that democracy is an ideological belief system that provides value to democratic individuals, groups, and institutions and thereby grants legitimacy to their actions. Based on procedural justice theories and social representations theory, we contend that western lay perceivers associate democracy with procedural equality and individual autonomy, whereas nondemocracy is associated with ingroup hierarchy and conformity. We discuss how idealised representations of democracy justify global power arrangements and emphasise the paradoxical justification function of democratic values through which nondemocratic forms of social regulation based on physical force are legitimised with the very democratic norms that call for peaceful resolution of conflicts.
Cognitive reappraisal and pro‐environmental behavior: The role of global climate change perception
Authors: Panno Angelo , Carrus Giuseppe , Maricchiolo Fridanna , Mannetti Lucia 
Published: January 2016

AbstractEcosystems are under pressure due to global climate change. Empirical evidence showing how people can reduce their ecological footprint is needed. It has been shown that a consequence of the perception of climate change is an increase in ecologically responsible behavior, but little is known about the antecedents of this relationship. In two field studies, we examined whether an emotion‐regulation strategy (i.e., cognitive reappraisal) predicted both climate change perception and pro‐environmental behavior. Undergraduate students at two university campuses participated in Study 1 (n = 299). We found that individuals with a stronger tendency for habitual use of cognitive reappraisal showed both increased global climate change perception and a greater extent of pro‐environmental behavior compared with individuals with a lower such tendency. As expected, our results also showed the mediating role of climate change perception in the relationship between people's habitual use of cognitive reappraisal and pro‐environmental behavior. These findings were replicated in Study 2 (n = 81) with a non‐student sample. Implications for future studies and environmental risk communication strategies are discussed.
Debating globalization: Perceptions of the phenomenon based on political positioning and on ideological understandings of economy, culture, and the nation‐state
Authors: Griva Artemis‐Margarita , Chryssochoou Xenia 
Published: January 2016

AbstractGlobalization is an object of debate as it affects many groups worldwide. Two studies examined perceptions of globalization in the Greek context based on scholarly debates, and how these perceptions are grounded in political positioning and ideological understandings of the nation‐state, economy, and culture. In student and non‐student samples, perceptions of globalization were organized around the dimensions of global modernization, global cooperation, and global power inequalities. In a second study, the pro‐globalization views of modernization and cooperation were both associated with right‐wing positioning and fair market ideology, but the two views were associated with different preferred economic roles and policies of the state. The left‐leaning factor of power inequalities was negatively associated with fair market ideology and positively with preference for redistributive and pro‐left‐wing state policies. Implications of these differences and similarities among globalization views are discussed for sociopsychological theories of lay ideology, political discourse, and collective action.
Agreement with climate change policies: Framing the future and national versus supranational identity
Authors: Bertolotti Mauro , Catellani Patrizia 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThrough an experiment included in a nationwide survey conducted prior to the 2014 European elections, we investigated whether citizens' agreement with policies dealing with the global issue of climate change depends on how such policies are framed and citizens' identification with the national or supranational entities enacting them. Participants were presented with different versions of a statement proposing investments in renewable energy sources, manipulated in terms of hedonic consequences (benefits of adoption vs adverse effects of non‐adoption), regulatory concern (growth vs safety) and policy actor group membership (national vs supranational actor). Participants' national/supranational identification was also measured. Participants' agreement with the policy was stronger for congruently framed messages (i.e. messages framed in terms of positive growth‐related consequences and negative safety‐related consequences) than for incongruently framed messages. The effect of framing was further enhanced when the policy was attributed to a national or supranational actor with whom participants identified.
Accounting for metal bioavailability in assessing water quality: A step change?
Authors: Merrington Graham , Peters Adam , Schlekat Christian E. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Bioavailability of metals to aquatic organisms can be considered to be a combination of the physicochemical factors governing metal behavior and the specific pathophysiological characteristics of the organism's biological receptor. Effectively this means that a measure of bioavailability will reflect the exposures that organisms in the water column actually “experience”. This is important because it has long been established that measures of total metal in waters have limited relevance to potential environmental risk. The concept of accounting for bioavailability in regard to deriving and implementing environmental water quality standards is not new, but the regulatory reality has lagged behind the development of scientific evidence supporting the concept. Practical and technical reasons help to explain this situation. For example, concerns remain from regulators and the regulated that the efforts required to change existing systems of metal environmental protection that have been in place for over 35 yr are so great as not to be commensurate with likely benefits. However, more regulatory jurisdictions are now considering accounting for metal bioavailability in assessments of water quality as a means to support evidence-based decision-making. In the past decade, both the US Environmental Protection Agency and the European Commission have established bioavailability-based standards for metals, including Cu and Ni. These actions have shifted the debate toward identifying harmonized approaches for determining when knowledge is adequate to establish bioavailability-based approaches and how to implement them. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:257–265. © 2016 SETAC
Using Economic Evidence to Set Healthcare Priorities in Low‐Income and Lower‐Middle‐Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Methodological Frameworks
Authors: Wiseman Virginia , Mitton Craig , Doyle‐Waters Mary M. , Drake Tom , Conteh Lesong , Newall Anthony T. , Onwujekwe Obinna , Jan Stephen 
Published: January 2016

AbstractPolicy makers in low‐income and lower‐middle‐income countries (LMICs) are increasingly looking to develop ‘evidence‐based’ frameworks for identifying priority health interventions. This paper synthesises and appraises the literature on methodological frameworks – which incorporate economic evaluation evidence – for the purpose of setting healthcare priorities in LMICs. A systematic search of Embase, MEDLINE, Econlit and PubMed identified 3968 articles with a further 21 articles identified through manual searching. A total of 36 papers were eligible for inclusion. These covered a wide range of health interventions with only two studies including health systems strengthening interventions related to financing, governance and human resources. A little under half of the studies (39%) included multiple criteria for priority setting, most commonly equity, feasibility and disease severity. Most studies (91%) specified a measure of ‘efficiency’ defined as cost per disability‐adjusted life year averted. Ranking of health interventions using multi‐criteria decision analysis and generalised cost‐effectiveness were the most common frameworks for identifying priority health interventions. Approximately a third of studies discussed the affordability of priority interventions. Only one study identified priority areas for the release or redeployment of resources. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for local capacity to conduct evaluations (including economic analysis) and empowerment of local decision‐makers to act on this evidence.
Clinical characteristics of chronic lymphocytic leukemia occurring in chornobyl cleanup workers
Authors: Finch Stuart C. , Dyagil Irina , Reiss Robert F. , Gudzenko Nataliya , Babkina Nataliya , Lyubarets Tatiana , Bebeshko Volodymyr , Romanenko Anatoly , Chumak Vadim V. , Bouville Andre , Hatch Maureen , Little Mark P. , Bazyka Dimitry , Zablotska Lydia B. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe recently demonstrated radiation‐induction of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) raises the question as to whether the amount of radiation exposure influences any of the clinical characteristics of the disease. We evaluated the relationship between bone marrow radiation doses and clinical characteristics and survival of 79 CLL cases diagnosed during 1986–2006 in a cohort of 110 645 male workers who participated in the cleanup work of the Chornobyl nuclear accident in Ukraine in 1986. All diagnoses were confirmed by an independent International Hematology Panel. Patients were followed up to the date of death or end of follow‐up on 31 October 2010. The median age at diagnosis was 57 years. Median bone marrow dose was 22.6 milligray (mGy) and was not associated with time between exposure and clinical diagnosis of CLL (latent period), age, peripheral blood lymphocyte count or clinical stage of disease in univariate and multivariate analyses. Latent period was significantly shorter among those older at first exposure, smokers and those with higher frequency of visits to the doctor prior to diagnosis. A significant increase in the risk of death with increasing radiation dose was observed (p = 0.03, hazard ratio = 2.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.11,5.08 comparing those with doses ≥22 mGy to doses <22 mGy). After adjustment for radiation dose, survival of CLL cases was significantly shorter among those with younger age at first exposure, higher peripheral blood lymphocyte count, more advanced clinical stage of disease and older age at diagnosis (all p < 0.05). This is the first study to examine association between bone marrow radiation doses from the Chornobyl accident and clinical manifestations of the CLL in Chornobyl cleanup workers. The current study provides new evidence on the association of radiation dose and younger age at first radiation exposure at Chornobyl with shorter survival after diagnosis. Future studies are necessary with more cases in order to improve the statistical power of these analyses and to determine their significance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inflammatory cytokines prime adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells to enhance malignancy of MCF‐7 breast cancer cells via transforming growth factor‐β1
Authors: Trivanović Drenka , Jauković Aleksandra , Krstić Jelena , Nikolić Srdjan , Okić Djordjević Ivana , Kukolj Tamara , Obradović Hristina , Mojsilović Slavko , Ilić Vesna , Santibanez Juan Francisco , Bugarski Diana 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells from human adipose tissue (hASCs) are proposed as suitable tools for soft tissue engineering and reconstruction. Although it is known that hASCs have the ability to home to sites of inflammation and tumor niche, the role of inflammatory cytokines in the hASCs‐affected tumor development is not understood. We found that interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) and/or tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) prime hASCs to produce soluble factors which enhance MCF‐7 cell line malignancy in vitro. IFN‐γ and/or TNF‐α‐primed hASCs produced conditioned media (CM) which induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of MCF‐7 cells by reducing E‐Cadherin and increasing Vimentin expression. Induced EMT was accompanied by increased invasion, migration, and urokinase type‐plasminogen activator (uPA) expression in MCF‐7 cells. These effects were mediated by increased expression of transforming growth factor‐β1(TGF‐β1) in cytokines‐primed hASCs, since inhibition of type I TGF‐β1 receptor on MCF‐7 cells and neutralization of TGF‐β1 disabled the CM from primed hASCs to increase EMT, cell migration, and uPA expression in MCF‐7 cells. Obtained data suggested that IFN‐γ and/or TNF‐α primed hASCs might enhance the malignancy of MCF‐7 cell line by inducing EMT, cell motility and uPA expression in these cells via TGF‐β1‐Smad3 signalization, with potentially important implications in breast cancer progression. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(3):190–200, 2016
Long non‐coding RNAs expression profiles in hepatocytes of mice after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Qiao Jianlin , Yao Haina , Xia Yuan , Chu Peipei , Li Mingfeng , Wu Yulu , Li Wen , Ding Lan , Qi Kunming , Li Depeng , Xu Kailin , Zeng Lingyu 
Published: January 2016

AbstractHepatic veno‐occlusive disease (HVOD), one serious complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is mainly initiated by the damage to sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the proliferation of hepatocytes and liver regeneration. lncRNAs profile in hepatocytes post‐HSCT remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the profile of lncRNAs in hepatocytes of mice after HSCT. Mice HSCT model was established through infusion of 5 × 106 bone marrow mononuclear cells. On day 7, 14 and 33 after HSCT, mice were sacrificed for analysis of liver pathology, function and index. Total RNA was extracted from hepatocytes of mice on day 14 for microarray analysis of the expression profiles of lncRNAs by Arraystar Mouse lncRNA Microarray v2.0. Obvious edema and spotty necrosis of hepatocytes with inflammatory cells infiltration were observed post‐HSCT. Meanwhile, increased levels of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, and total bilirubin, as well as elevated liver index were also found. 2,918 up‐regulated and 1,911 down‐regulated lncRNAs in hepatocytes were identified. Some of differentially expressed mRNAs had adjacent lncRNAs that were also significantly dysregulated, with the same dysregulation direction. T‐cell receptor (up‐regulation) and VEGF signaling pathway (down‐regulation) were identified as one of the most enriched pathways. Dysregulated lncRNAs might be involved in hepatocytes damage after HSCT, suggesting targeting them might be a novel approach in amelioration of hepatocytes damage. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(3):232–241, 2016
Role of nano‐range amphiphilic polymers in seed quality enhancement of soybean and imidacloprid retention capacity on seed coatings
Authors: Adak Totan , Kumar Jitendra , Shakil Najam A , Pandey Sushil 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDNano‐size and wide‐range solubility of amphiphilic polymers (having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks) can improve uniformity in seed coatings. An investigation was carried out to assess the positive effect of amphiphilic polymers over hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymers as seed coating agents and pesticide carriers.RESULTSAmphiphilic polymers with 127.5–354 nm micelle size were synthesized in the laboratory using polyethylene glycols and aliphatic di‐acids. After 6 months of storage, germination of uncoated soybean seeds decreased drastically from 97.80 to 81.55%, while polymer‐coated seeds showed 89.44–95.92% germination. Similarly, vigour index‐1 was reduced from 3841.10 to 2813.06 for control seeds but ranged from 3375.59 to 3844.60 for polymer‐coated seeds after 6 months. The developed imidacloprid formulations retained more pesticide on soybean seed coatings than did a commercial formulation (Gaucho® 600 FS). The time taken for 50% release of imidacloprid from seed coatings in water was 7.12–9.11 h for the developed formulations and 0.41 h for the commercial formulation.CONCLUSIONNano‐range amphiphilic polymers can be used to protect soybean seeds from ageing. Formulations as seed treatments may produce improved and sustained efficacy with minimum environmental contamination. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry