bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human prosthetic joint infections are associated with myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs): Implications for infection persistence
Authors: Heim Cortney E. , Vidlak Debbie , Odvody Jessica , Hartman Curtis W. , Garvin Kevin L. , Kielian Tammy 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTProsthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of joint arthroplasty surgery typified by biofilm formation. Currently, mechanisms whereby biofilms persist and evade immune‐mediated clearance in immune competent patients remain largely ill‐defined. Therefore, the current study characterized leukocyte infiltrates and inflammatory mediator expression in tissues from patients with PJI compared to aseptic loosening. CD33+HLA‐DR−CD66b+CD14−/low granulocytic myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (G‐MDSCs) were the predominant leukocyte population at sites of human PJI compared to aseptic tissues. MDSCs inhibit T cell proliferation, which coincided with reduced T cells in PJIs compared to aseptic tissues. IL‐10, IL‐6, and CXCL1 were significantly elevated in PJI tissues and have been implicated in MDSC inhibitory activity, expansion, and recruitment, respectively, which may account for their preferential increase in PJIs. This bias towards G‐MDSC accumulation during human PJI could account for the chronicity of these infections by preventing the pro‐inflammatory, antimicrobial actions of immune effector cells. Clinical significance: Animal models of PJI have revealed a critical role for MDSCs and IL‐10 in promoting infection persistence; however, whether this population is prevalent during human PJI and across distinct bacterial pathogens remains unknown. This study has identified that granulocytic‐MDSC infiltrates are unique to human PJIs caused by distinct bacteria, which are not associated with aseptic loosening of prosthetic joints. Better defining the immune status of human PJIs could lead to novel immune‐mediated approaches to facilitate PJI clearance in combination with conventional antibiotics. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1605–1613, 2018.
Distribution of segmental foot kinematics in patients with degenerative joint disease of the ankle
Authors: Canseco Karl , Kruger Karen M. , Fritz Jessica M. , Konop Katherine A. , Tarima Sergey , Marks Richard M. , Harris Gerald F. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTDegenerative joint disease (DJD) of the ankle is a debilitating chronic disease associated with severe pain and dysfunction resulting in antalgic gait alteration. Little information is available about segmental foot and ankle motion distribution during gait in ankle osteoarthritis. The aim of the current study was to dynamically characterize segmental foot and ankle kinematics of patients with severe ankle arthrosis requiring total ankle replacement. This was a prospective study involving 36 (19 M, 17 F) adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of ankle arthrosis (“DJD” group) and 36 (23 M, 13 F) healthy subjects (“Control” group). Motion data were collected at 120 Hz using a 3‐D motion camera system at self‐selected speed along a 6‐m walkway and processed using the Milwaukee Foot Model (MFM). The SF‐36 Health Survey and Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle‐hindfoot scale were administered to evaluate functional levels. Findings include decreases in walking speed, cadence, stride length and swing phase, and reduced outcomes scores (SF‐36 and AOFAS). Multisegemental motion in patients with ankle DJD demonstrates significant changes in foot mechanics characterized by altered segment kinematics and significant reduction in dynamic ROM at the tibia, hindfoot, forefoot, and hallux when compared to controls. The results demonstrate decreased temporal‐spatial parameters and low outcomes scores indicative of functional limitations. Statement of clinical significance: Altered segment kinematics and reduced overall range of motion demonstrate how a single joint pathology affects kinematic distribution in the other segments of the foot and ankle and alters patients’ overall gait. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1739–1746, 2018.
Effects of lateral‐offset sole shoes on knee adduction moment in women with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Jang Woo Young , Jung Hae Woon , Choi Gi Won , Lee Hyun Min , Park Hae Soo , Lee Soon Hyuck 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to determine the impact of wearing a lateral‐offset sole shoe (LOSS) on knee adduction moment (KAM) in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). From December 2012 to November 2016, patients with medial knee OA were recruited. Ninety‐three knees (50 left, 43 right) of 93 female patients were analyzed. The first peak KAMs were measured with patients (i) walking barefoot; (ii) walking in conventional shoes; and (iii) walking in LOSSs. The patients had grade 1 (n = 19), grade 2 (n = 49), grade 3 (n = 20), and grade 4 (n = 5) knee OA. First peak KAMs differed significantly in all three conditions (p = 0.031). In the post hoc analysis, first peak KAMs were significantly lower during LOSS walking than during conventional shoe walking (p = 0.001), but there were no differences in peak KAMs between barefoot and LOSS walking (p = 0.784). In the subgroup analysis, patients with grades 2 and 3 OA showed significantly lower first peak KAMs during LOSS walking than during conventional shoe walking (p = 0.029 and p = 0.011, respectively). Both the peak eversion ankle angle and moment of barefoot walking showed a significant increase compared with LOSS and conventional shoe walking, while there was no significant difference between LOSS and conventional shoe walking (p = 0.612 and p = 0.197, respectively). Our results suggest that LOSS wearing caused significant KAM reductions compared with conventional shoe wearing. Since LOSS wearing does not cause changes in the peak eversion ankle angle and moment during the load response, it may be an effective method to reduce the KAM in women with knee OA. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1694–1700, 2018.
Heavy metal contamination, microbiological spoilage and biogenic amine content in sushi available on the Polish market
Authors: Kulawik Piotr , Dordevic Dani , Gambuś Florian , Szczurowska Katarzyna , Zając Marzena 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study determined the heavy metal contamination (mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic and nickel) of nori, restaurant‐served sushi and ready‐to‐eat sushi meals available via retail chains. Moreover, both microbiological load and biogenic amine content in ready‐to‐eat sushi meals were analysed.RESULTSAll of the nori samples contained high levels of Cd (2.122 mg kg–1), Ni (0.715 mg kg–1), As (34.56 mg kg–1) and Pb (0.659 mg kg–1). The studied sushi samples contained high levels of Ni and Pb, reaching 0.194 and 0.142 mg kg–1 wet weight, respectively, being potentially hazardous to women during pregnancy and lactation and small children. None of the studied samples contained high levels of Hg. Overall, 37% of ready‐to‐eat sushi meals exceeded a microbiological load of 106 cfu g–1. However, biogenic amine content in all of the samples was low, with a highest histamine content of 2.05 mg kg–1.CONCLUSIONSushi is not the source of high levels of biogenic amines even with high microbiological loads. Nevertheless, the high microbiological loads at the end of the shelf‐life indicate that some processors might have problems with the distribution chain or implement a poor hygienic regime. Moreover as a result of possible risk associated with heavy metal contamination, the present study highlights the need to establish new regulations regarding the contamination of nori and sushi. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Determination of multiple antibiotics in leafy vegetables using QuEChERS–UHPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Yu Xiaolu , Liu Hang , Pu Chengjun , Chen Junhao , Sun Ying , Hu Lin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method was established for simultaneous extraction and cleanup of multiple antibiotics in leafy vegetables, and ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used for analysis. Antibiotics in leafy vegetables were extracted with citric acid/sodium citrate in mixed solvents consisting of acetonitrile/methanol (85:15, v/v) from 10 g of vegetables. Octadecylsilyl and graphitized carbon black were used as dispersant adsorbents. This method was able to effectively extract all of the target antibiotics from leafy vegetables. The average recoveries of 20 antibiotics ranged from 57 to 91%. The limits of detection were 0.33–2.92 μg/kg. The developed method subsequently demonstrated its selectivity, sensitivity, and reliability for detecting multiple antibiotics in 15 samples. Antibiotic residues in vegetables have attracted great concern with respect to human health. It is recommended that standards should be established for antibiotic residues in vegetables to ensure food safety.
Negative Posttrauma Cognitions Mediate the Association Between Morally Injurious Events and Trauma‐Related Psychopathology in Treatment‐Seeking Veterans
Authors: Held Philip , Klassen Brian J. , Zou Denise S. , Schroedter Blake S. , Karnik Niranjan S. , Pollack Mark H. , Zalta Alyson K. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractExposure to potentially morally injurious events has been shown to be associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms in military personnel. Few studies have examined factors that help to explain how potentially morally injurious events may contribute to the development of trauma‐related psychopathology. Negative posttrauma cognitions are thought to play a role in the etiology of PTSD and depression following trauma; however, it is unclear whether more global beliefs about the self, others, and world play a role in the development of PTSD and depression due to morally injurious events. Using structural equation modeling, we tested whether morally injurious experiences were indirectly related to trauma‐related psychopathology (PTSD and depression) through negative posttrauma cognitions in a sample of veterans seeking treatment for PTSD. An indirect effects only model best fit the data and showed that morally injurious experiences, specifically perceived transgressions by oneself and perceived betrayal, were indirectly associated with trauma‐related psychopathology through negative posttrauma cognitions, β = .17; 95% CI [.04, .31] and β = .25; 95% CI [.11, .41], respectively. Our findings suggest that negative posttrauma cognitions may be an important mechanism linking exposure to morally injurious events and trauma‐related psychopathology.
Evidence for regional nitrogen stress on chlorophyll a in lakes across large landscape and climate gradients
Authors: Filstrup Christopher T. , Wagner Tyler , Oliver Samantha K. , Stow Craig A. , Webster Katherine E. , Stanley Emily H. , Downing John A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractNitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) commonly stimulate phytoplankton production in lakes, but recent observations from lakes from an agricultural region suggest that nitrate may have a subsidy‐stress effect on chlorophyll a (Chl a). It is unclear, however, how generalizable this effect might be. Here, we analyzed a large water quality dataset of 2385 lakes spanning 60 regions across 17 states in the Northeastern and Midwestern U.S. to determine if N subsidy‐stress effects on phytoplankton are common and to identify regional landscape characteristics promoting N stress effects in lakes. We used a Bayesian hierarchical modeling framework to test our hypothesis that Chl a–total N (TN) threshold relationships would be common across the central agricultural region of the U.S. (“the Corn Belt”), where lake N and P concentrations are high. Data aggregated across all regions indicated that high TN concentrations had a negative effect on Chl a in lakes with concurrent high total P. This large‐scale pattern was driven by relationships within only a subset of regions, however. Eight regions were identified as having Chl a–TN threshold relationships, but only two of these regions located within the Corn Belt clearly demonstrated this subsidy‐stress relationship. N stress effects were not consistent across other intense agricultural regions, as we hypothesized. These findings suggest that interactions among regional land use and land cover, climate, and hydrogeology may be important in determining the synergistic conditions leading to N subsidy‐stress effects on lake phytoplankton.
Contrasting patterns of freshwater microbial metabolic potentials and functional gene interactions between an acidic mining lake and a weakly alkaline lake
Authors: Ren Lijuan , Song Xingyu , Jeppesen Erik , Xing Peng , Liboriussen Lone , Xu Xiangrong , Wu Qinglong L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAcidic coal mining lakes (AMLs) are characterized by low pH, low biodiversity, and high concentrations of sulfate and metals. However, to date, knowledge is inadequate on the involvement of the aquatic microbial functions in biogeochemical processes of an AML. Here, we use a natural weakly alkaline lake (WAL) as a reference to investigate the functional gene structure of microbial communities in the aerobic surface waters of an AML by using a metagenomic approach with GeoChip‐based functional gene arrays (GeoChip 5.0). We found significant differences in the compositions of the microbial functional genes between the two lake types. The AML had significantly lower gene diversity than the WAL, and the functional genes detected in the AML were almost a subset of those in the WAL. We also found significant differences in the microbial metabolic potentials between the two lake types. In the AML, the microbial communities had higher functional capacities in phosphorus‐utilization, sulfur oxidation, and metal‐detoxification and had lower metabolic potentials of carbon and nitrogen fixation, and the degradation of starch, hemicellulose, cellulose, chitin, and lignin than those in the WAL. By performing null model and network analyses, we observed stronger deterministic effects of the functional gene assemblages and greater clustering among the co‐occurring functional genes in the AML than those in the WAL. Altogether, we demonstrated contrasting patterns of freshwater microbial metabolic potentials and functional gene interactions between an AML and a WAL, which may advance the understanding of microbial functional response to acidification in freshwater lakes.
Development of Predictive QSAR Models of 4‐Thiazolidinones Antitrypanosomal Activity Using Modern Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Kryshchyshyn Anna , Devinyak Oleg , Kaminskyy Danylo , Grellier Philippe , Lesyk Roman 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper presents novel QSAR models for the prediction of antitrypanosomal activity among thiazolidines and related heterocycles. The performance of four machine learning algorithms: Random Forest regression, Stochastic gradient boosting, Multivariate adaptive regression splines and Gaussian processes regression have been studied in order to reach better levels of predictivity. The results for Random Forest and Gaussian processes regression are comparable and outperform other studied methods. The preliminary descriptor selection with Boruta method improved the outcome of machine learning methods. The two novel QSAR‐models developed with Random Forest and Gaussian processes regression algorithms have good predictive ability, which was proved by the external evaluation of the test set with corresponding Q2ext=0.812 and Q2ext=0.830. The obtained models can be used further for in silico screening of virtual libraries in the same chemical domain in order to find new antitrypanosomal agents. Thorough analysis of descriptors influence in the QSAR models and interpretation of their chemical meaning allows to highlight a number of structure‐activity relationships. The presence of phenyl rings with electron‐withdrawing atoms or groups in para‐position, increased number of aromatic rings, high branching but short chains, high HOMO energy, and the introduction of 1‐substituted 2‐indolyl fragment into the molecular structure have been recognized as trypanocidal activity prerequisites.
Comparative efficacy and tolerability of solifenacin 5 mg/day versus other oral antimuscarinic agents in overactive bladder: A systematic literature review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Nazir Jameel , Kelleher Con , Aballéa Samuel , Maman Khaled , Hakimi Zalmai , Mankowski Colette , Odeyemi Isaac 
Published: November 2017

AimsTo compare efficacy and tolerability of solifenacin 5 mg/day versus other oral antimuscarinic agents for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB).MethodsLiterature searches of MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were undertaken to identify randomized controlled trials in OAB (2000‐2015) for antimuscarinic agents. A network meta‐analysis (NMA) was performed to estimate efficacy and tolerability outcomes for solifenacin 5 mg/day relative to other antimuscarinics.ResultsThe NMA included 53 eligible trials (published, n = 48; unpublished on search date, n = 5). Solifenacin 5 mg/day was significantly more effective than tolterodine 4 mg/day for reducing incontinence and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) episodes, but significantly less effective than solifenacin 10 mg/day for micturition; no other statistically significant differences were noted for efficacy. Solifenacin 5 mg/day had a statistically significant lower risk of dry mouth compared with darifenacin 15 mg/day, fesoterodine 8 mg/day, oxybutynin extended‐release 10 mg/day, oxybutynin immediate‐release (IR) 9‐15 mg/day, tolterodine IR 4 mg/day, propiverine 20 mg/day, and solifenacin 10 mg/day. There were no significant differences between solifenacin 5 mg/day and other antimuscarinics for risk of blurred vision, or for 11 of 17 active comparators for risk of constipation.ConclusionsThis NMA suggests that the efficacy of solifenacin 5 mg/day is at least similar to other common antimuscarinics across the spectrum of OAB symptoms analyzed, and is more effective than tolterodine 4 mg/day in reducing incontinence and UUI episodes. Solifenacin 5 mg/day has a lower risk of dry mouth compared with several agents.
Urodynamic measurements reflect physiological bladder function in rats
Authors: Schneider Marc P. , Sartori Andrea M. , Tampé Juliane , Moors Selina , Engmann Anne K. , Ineichen Benjamin V. , Hofer Anna‐Sophie , Schwab Martin E. , Kessler Thomas M. 
Published: November 2017

AimsOur objective was to investigate and compare bladder function in rats assessed by metabolic cage and by urodynamic measurements in fully awake animals.MethodsBladder function of female Lewis rats was investigated in naïve animals by metabolic cage at baseline, 14‐16 days after bladder catheter and external urethral sphincter electromyography electrode implantation in fully awake animals by urodynamics, and again by metabolic cage.ResultsInvestigating the same animals (n = 8), voided volume, average flow, and duration of voiding were similar (P > 0.05) in naïve animals measured by metabolic cage and after catheter implantation by urodynamic measurements and by metabolic cage. In naïve animals measured by metabolic cage, voided volumes were significantly different in the light (resting phase) versus the dark (active phase) part of the 24 h cycle (mean difference 0.14 mL, 21%, P = 0.004, n = 27).ConclusionsLower urinary tract function assessed by metabolic cage or by urodynamic meaurements in fully awake rats was indistinguishable. Thus, catheter implantation did not significantly change physiological bladder function. This shows that urodynamic measurements in awake animals are an appropriate approach to study lower urinary tract function in health and disease in animal models, directly paralleling the human diagnostic procedures.
Comparative Analyses of Data Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometric Approaches: DIA, WiSIM‐DIA, and Untargeted DIA
Authors: Koopmans Frank , Ho Jenny T. C. , Smit August B. , Li Ka Wan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractData‐independent acquisition (DIA) is an emerging technology for quantitative proteomics. Current DIA focusses on the identification and quantitation of fragment ions that are generated from multiple peptides contained in the same selection window of several to tens of m/z. An alternative approach is WiSIM‐DIA, which combines conventional DIA with wide‐SIM (wide selected‐ion monitoring) windows to partition the precursor m/z space to produce high‐quality precursor ion chromatograms. However, WiSIM‐DIA has been underexplored; it remains unclear if it is a viable alternative to DIA. We demonstrate that WiSIM‐DIA quantified more than 24 000 unique peptides over five orders of magnitude in a single 2 h analysis of a neuronal synapse‐enriched fraction, compared to 31 000 in DIA. There is a strong correlation between abundance values of peptides quantified in both the DIA and WiSIM‐DIA datasets. Interestingly, the S/N ratio of these peptides is not correlated. We further show that peptide identification directly from DIA spectra identified >2000 proteins, which included unique peptides not found in spectral libraries generated by DDA.
Utilizing thiol–ene chemistry for crosslinked nickel cation‐based anion exchange membranes
Authors: Kwasny Michael T. , Zhu Liang , Hickner Michael A. , Tew Gregory N. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTMetal cation‐based anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are a unique class of materials that have shown potential to be highly stable AEMs with competitive conductivities. Here, we expand upon previous work to report the synthesis of crosslinked nickel cation‐based AEMs formed using the thiol–ene reaction. These thiol–ene‐based samples were first characterized for their morphology, both with and without nickel cations, where the nickel‐containing membranes demonstrated a disordered scattering peak characteristic of ionic clusters. The samples were then characterized for their water uptake, chemical and mechanical stability, and conductivity. They showed a combination of high water content and extreme brittleness, which also resulted in fairly low conductivity. The brittleness resulted from large water swelling as well as the need for each nickel cation to act as a crosslinker, necessary with the current nickel‐coordination chemistry. Therefore, increasing the ion exchange capacity (IEC) for these types of AEMs, important for enhancing conductivity, also increased the crosslink density. The low conductivity and brittleness seen in this work demonstrated the need to develop non‐crosslinking metal‐complexes. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 328–339
Structural characterization of polybutadiene synthesized via cationic mechanism
Authors: Rozentsvet Victor A. , Stotskaya Olesya A. , Ivanova Valentina P. , Kuznetsova Marianna G. , Tolstoy Peter M. , Kostjuk Sergei V. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTThe microstructure of polybutadiene synthesized via cationic polymerization using TiCl4‐based initiating systems has been investigated using 1D (1Н, 2Н, and 13С) and 2D (HSQC and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy. It was found that trans‐1,4‐unit is predominant structure of unsaturated part of polymer chain. Besides, the small amount of 1,2‐structures was also detected, while cis‐1,4‐units were totally absent. The signals of carbon atoms of three types of head groups (trans‐1,4‐, 1,2‐, and tert‐butyl) and two types of end groups (trans‐1,4‐Cl and 1,2‐Cl) were identified for the first time in macromolecules of cationic polybutadiene. It was showed that tert‐butyl head groups were formed due to the presence in monomer of admixtures of isobutylene. The new methodology for calculation of the content of different structural units in polybutadiene chain as well as the head and end groups was proposed. It was established that main part of 1,2‐units distributed randomly along the polybutadiene chain as separate units between trans‐1,4‐structures. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 387–398