bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical excitation-enhanced sensing properties of acetone gas sensors based on Al2O3-doped ZnO
Authors: Guo Xuehai , Pan Guofeng , Ma Xin , Li Xiangzhou , He Ping , Hua Zhongqiu , Li Haiqing 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this research is to synthesize Al2O3-ZnO thick films, study the effect of doping and optical excitation on their sensing properties and introduce an attractive candidate for acetone detection in practice.

Design/methodology/approach
ZnO nanoparticles doped with Al2O3 were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized via X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The sensing properties to acetone were investigated with an irradiation of UV. The sensing mechanism was also discussed with UV-Vis spectroscopy.

Findings
The doping of Al2O3 promoted the sensing response and stability of ZnO nanoparticles. The optimum performance was obtained by 4.96 Wt.% Al2O3-ZnO. The response to acetone (1,000 ppm) was significantly increased to 241.81, even just at an operating temperature of 64°C. It was also demonstrated that optical excitation with UV irradiation greatly enhanced the sensing response and the sensitivity can reach up to 305.14.

Practical implications
The sensor fabricated from 4.96 Wt.% Al2O3-ZnO exhibited excellent acetone-sensing characteristics. It is promising to be applied in low power and miniature acetone gas sensors.

Originality/value
In the present research, the optimum performance was obtained by 4.96 Wt.% Al2O3-ZnO at a low operating temperature of 64°C. The sensing properties were enhanced significantly with optical excitation, and the sensing mechanism was discussed with UV-Vis spectroscopy which has been reported rarely before.
Portable multispectral imaging system based on Raspberry Pi
Authors: Lopez-Ruiz Nuria , Granados-Ortega Fernando , Carvajal Miguel Angel , Martinez-Olmos Antonio 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
In this work, the authors aim to present a compact low-cost and portable spectral imaging system for general purposes. The developed system provides information that can be used for a fast in situ identification and classification of samples based on the analysis of captured images. The connectivity of the instrument allows a deeper analysis of the images in an external computer.

Design/methodology/approach
The wavelength selection of the system is carried out by light multiplexing through a light-emitting diode panel where eight wavelengths covering the spectrum from ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared region (NIR) have been included. The image sensor used is a red green blue – infrared (RGB-IR) micro-camera controlled by a Raspberry Pi board where a basic image processing algorithm has been programmed. It allows the visualization in an integrated display of the reflectance and the histogram of the images at each wavelength, including UV and NIRs.

Findings
The prototype has been tested by analyzing several samples in a variety of applications such as detection of damaged, over-ripe and sprayed fruit, classification of different type of plastic materials and determination of properties of water.

Originality/value
The designed system presents some advantages as being non-expensive and portable in comparison to other multispectral imaging systems. The low-cost and size of the camera module connected to the Raspberry Pi provides a compact instrument for general purposes.
Sensing with metamaterials: a review of recent developments
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to provide a technical insight into a selection of recent developments of sensor based on metamaterials.

Design/methodology/approach
Following a short introduction, this first part discusses sensors based on acoustic metamaterials. It then briefly considers negative index materials and split ring resonators and provides examples of sensors based on metamaterials which interact with electromagnetic radiation in the microwave, terahertz and infra-red regions. Finally, brief concluding comments are drawn.

Findings
Since their discovery at around the turn of the century, metamaterials have been studied widely by the research community. A diverse range of sensors and imaging devices have since been developed which exploit the unique properties of these materials and respond to physical, chemical and biological variables. Many exhibit characteristics and capabilities with the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional devices.

Originality/value
This provides details of a range of recently developed sensors based on the newly discovered families of metamaterials.
Prenatal maternal effects appear to be insensitive to experimental or natural environmental variation
Authors: Thomson Caroline E. , Hadfield Jarrod D. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryIn many birds, hatching asynchrony is a common phenomenon, primarily driven by patterns of incubation behaviour. However, experimental results in blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) have shown that asynchrony is reduced by intrinsic properties of later eggs that accelerate prenatal development.These intrinsic differences between early and late eggs could be driven by changes in resource availability to females, which are then passively passed onto the egg. Alternatively, it may be due to an anticipatory maternal effect, wherein some signal or resource is actively placed within the egg, which is beneficial to those eggs laid late within the clutch.In order to distinguish between these hypotheses we designed a supplementary feeding experiment, wherein females were provided with food at certain times during the laying phase. This had no discernible effect on development rate, or other egg characteristics, consistent with anticipatory maternal effects.Using a larger dataset we also tested whether natural environmental variation (weather) during egg formation affected maternal investment in eggs. Similarly, egg characteristics were found to be relatively insensitive to the environmental variation, supporting the experimental results.Alay summaryis available for this article.
Accounting for environmental uncertainty in the management of dredging impacts using probabilistic dose–response relationships and thresholds
Authors: Fisher Rebecca , Walshe Terry , Bessell‐Browne Pia , Jones Ross 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Dredging and related activities are common across nearshore marine environments, potentially threatening nearby ecosystems. Regulatory frameworks are essential for minimizing environmental impacts, yet rely heavily on a sound understanding of how ecosystems will respond to environmental stressors, and the thresholds that delineate benign and harmful conditions.

Here, we use novel statistical approaches and mathematical tools to account for uncertainty in deriving in situ dose–response relationships and thresholds for the environmental management of dredging, based on estimates of the probability of non‐zero mortality of corals during a dredging campaign at Barrow Island, Western Australia. Using modified receiver operating characteristic curves, we derive thresholds with explicit Type I and Type II errors rates, across the full range of primary stress pathways and exposure dimensions (intensity, frequency and duration).

Monitoring coral health and mortality can be expensive and water quality indicators are often used to supplement direct receptor monitoring during dredging management. We found strong relationships between coral mortality and a range of water quality exposure metrics, lending support to the use of water quality metrics as management tools for protecting corals during dredging. Metrics based on sediment deposition were more statistically powerful than those based on either light or turbidity, but may be more difficult to implement in practice. Thresholds reflecting aversion to a false sense of security in environmental protection or aversion to the costs of false alarms varied substantially for all exposure metrics examined.

Synthesis and applications. Strategies for managing environmental harm under uncertainty are critical to achieving an informed risk‐weighted balance between environmental protection outcomes and development costs. Our study demonstrates the complexities of how communities respond to variable environmental exposure across a range of pressures in time and space, and the value of integrating probabilistic approaches in environmental management to account for that complexity and its associated uncertainty. Coral mortality was strongly related to a range of water quality exposure metrics associated with dredging activities, and regulatory thresholds based on water quality can provide a solid and cost‐effective foundation for protecting corals during dredging. The probabilistic dose–response relationships and thresholds presented here are the first to be derived from in situ data using dredging related coral mortality and represent a step forward in integrating formal decision science approaches into environmental management.
The Consequences of REIT Index Membership for Return Patterns
Authors: Pavlov Andrey , Steiner Eva , Wachter Susan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe impact of stock market index membership on Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) stock returns is unclear. Returns may become more like those of other indexed stocks and less like those of their underlying properties. Taking advantage of the inclusion of REITs in major S&P indexes starting in 2001, we find that shared index membership significantly increases the correlation between REIT returns. However, index membership also enhances the link between REIT returns and the underlying real estate, consistent with improved pricing efficiency.
Encapsulation of Active Compounds in Fruit and Vegetable Juice Processing: Current State and Perspectives
Authors: Speranza Barbara , Petruzzi Leonardo , Bevilacqua Antonio , Gallo Mariangela , Campaniello Daniela , Sinigaglia Milena , Corbo Maria Rosaria 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe production of value‐added and/or functional juices has increased significantly in recent years, following an increased consumer demand to promote health and/or prevent disease through diet and nutrition. Micro and nano‐encapsulation are promising technologies to protect and deliver sensitive compounds, allowing a controlled release in the target sites. This paper offers an overview of current applications, limits and challenges of encapsulation technologies in the production of fruit and vegetable juices, with a particular emphasis on products derived from different botanical sources.
Merging the Profession: A Social Network Analysis of the Consolidation of the Accounting Profession in Canada
Authors: Richardson Alan J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe merger of Chartered Accountants (CAs), Certified General Accountants (CGAs) and Certified Management Accountants (CMAs) in Canada to create the Chartered Professional Accountant (CPA) designation is analyzed, using social network theory. The analysis examines the conversion of market power into political power through the legislative apportionment of council seats among the three legacy bodies. It then documents how political power affects the hiring of former senior association staff from each of the three predecessor bodies to run the merged association. Social network theory suggests that these appointments could be used to fill “structural holes” to ensure effective integration of the profession postmerger or could be used by those gaining political power within the network to reinforce their control over the merged association. The analysis shows that (i) the legislation consolidating the profession converted the market dominance of the formerCAs into political dominance, (ii) formerCAinstitute executives were disproportionately appointed to runCPAassociations, and (iii) in some provinces, no connection to the knowledge base of other legacy bodies through staff appointments at an executive level was maintained. The results raise concern about the loss of social capital through the hiring process and the effects of the continued use of political power to structure the merged association on the profession's stability and resilience given the diversity of its members.
A survey of single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from whole‐genome sequencing and their functional effect in the porcine genome,
Authors: Keel B. N. , Nonneman D. J. , Rohrer G. A. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryGenetic variants detected from sequence have been used to successfully identify causal variants and map complex traits in several organisms. High and moderate impact variants, those expected to alter or disrupt the protein coded by a gene and those that regulate protein production, likely have a more significant effect on phenotypic variation than do other types of genetic variants. Hence, a comprehensive list of these functional variants would be of considerable interest in swine genomic studies, particularly those targeting fertility and production traits. Whole‐genome sequence was obtained from 72 of the founders of an intensely phenotyped experimental swine herd at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC). These animals included all 24 of the founding boars (12 Duroc and 12 Landrace) and 48 Yorkshire–Landrace composite sows. Sequence reads were mapped to the Sscrofa10.2 genome build, resulting in a mean of 6.1 fold (×) coverage per genome. A total of 22 342 915 high confidence SNPs were identified from the sequenced genomes. These included 21 million previously reported SNPs and 79% of the 62 163 SNPs on the PorcineSNP60 BeadChip assay. Variation was detected in the coding sequence or untranslated regions (UTRs) of 87.8% of the genes in the porcine genome: loss‐of‐function variants were predicted in 504 genes, 10 202 genes contained nonsynonymous variants, 10 773 had variation in UTRs and 13 010 genes contained synonymous variants. Approximately 139 000 SNPs were classified as loss‐of‐function, nonsynonymous or regulatory, which suggests that over 99% of the variation detected in our pigs could potentially be ignored, allowing us to focus on a much smaller number of functional SNPs during future analyses.
Evaluation of the thermal property of bovine intramuscular adipose tissue using differential scanning calorimetry
Authors: Kimura Noriyuki , Nishimura Nana , Iwama Nagako , Aihara Yoshito , Ogawa Yasuki , Miyaguchi Yuji 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe thermal property of bovine intramuscular adipose tissue (IAT) was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and compared with the melting point temperature (MP) of the fat extract of IAT, which was measured using the slip point method. The beef samples were classified according to the beef marbling score (BMS). Beef with a high BMS contained less protein than that with middle or low BMS. Beef with a high BMS contained significantly more fat than that with a low BMS (P < 0.05). The endothermic point temperature (EP) of IAT, measured by DSC, was significantly higher than the MP of IAT fat (P < 0.05). The EP showed no significant difference among the three marbling grade groups. Although the MP was correlated with the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) content of IAT (R2 = 0.505), there was no correlation between the EP and the MUFA (R2 = 0.040). However, the EP of IAT treated with collagenase was relatively highly correlated with the MP (R2 = 0.655). Thus, these results suggested that DSC analysis would give us the practical thermal information regarding the melt‐in the‐mouth of beef such as the gelatinization of collagen, along with the melting of fat in IAT.
Management of adverse events associated with ixazomib plus lenalidomide/dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Kumar Shaji , Moreau Philippe , Hari Parameswaran , Mateos Maria‐Victoria , Ludwig Heinz , Shustik Chaim , Masszi Tamas , Spencer Andrew , Hájek Roman , Romeril Kenneth , Avivi Irit , Liberati Anna M. , Minnema Monique C. , Einsele Hermann , Lonial Sagar , Berg Deborah , Lin Jianchang , Gupta Neeraj , Esseltine Dixie‐Lee , Richardson Paul G. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThe oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib is approved in the United States, European Union and other countries, in combination with oral lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd), for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least one prior therapy. Approval was based on the global, randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled Phase III TOURMALINE‐MM1 study of ixazomib‐Rd (IRd) versus placebo‐Rd in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. IRd resulted in a significant improvement in progression‐free survival versus placebo‐Rd (median: 20·6 vs. 14·7 months; hazard ratio 0·74). Common toxicities observed more commonly with IRd versus placebo‐Rd were thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, rash, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral oedema and back pain; these were generally grade 1/2 in severity except for thrombocytopenia (19% vs. 9% grade 3/4), which appeared manageable and reversible, with no differences between arms in significant bleeding or dose discontinuations. No cumulative toxicities were observed, indicating the potential feasibility of long‐term IRd treatment. Safety data from TOURMALINE‐MM1 are reviewed and guidance for managing clinically relevant adverse events associated with IRd is provided. Most toxicities were manageable with supportive care and dose delays or reductions as needed. Clinicians should be aware of and understand these potential side effects to optimise and prolong patient benefit.
Child and Adolescent Use of Mobile Phones: An Unparalleled Complex Developmental Phenomenon
Authors: Yan Zheng 
Published: May 2017

This article addresses why children's use of mobile phones is an unparalleled complex developmental phenomenon in hopes of providing a broad context for this special section. It first outlines mobile phones as a sophisticated personalized and multifunction technology. Then it presents mobile phone use by children as an unparalleled complex developmental phenomenon on the basis of its four behavioral elements, two mobile cultures, and two developmental processes. It further illustrates the existing knowledge about children's mobile phones use that has been accumulated over the past 23 years and highlights 12 most studied topics, especially distracted driving and radiation exposure. It concludes with three types of scientific contributions made by the 12 articles in the special section.
Metapopulation vicariance explains old endemics on young volcanic islands
Authors: Heads Michael 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTerrestrial plants and animals on oceanic islands occupy zones of volcanism found at intraplate localities and along island arcs at subduction zones. The organisms often survive as metapopulations, or populations of separate sub‐populations connected by dispersal. Although the individual islands and their local subpopulations are ephemeral and unstable, the ecosystem dynamism enables metapopulations to persist in a region, more or lessin situ, for periods of up to tens of millions of years. As well as surviving on systems of young volcanic islands, metapopulations can also evolve there; tectonic changes can break up widespread insular metapopulations and produce endemics restricted to fewer islands or even a single island. These processes explain the presence of old endemic clades on young islands, which is often reported in molecular clock studies, and the many distribution patterns in island life that are spatially correlated with tectonic features. Metapopulations can be ruptured by sea floor subsidence, and this occurs with volcanic loading in zones of active volcanism and with sea floor cooling following its production at mid‐ocean ridges. Metapopulation vicariance will also result if an active zone of volcanism is rifted apart. This can be caused by the migration of an arc (by slab rollback) away from a continent or from another subduction zone, by the offset of an arc at transform faults and by sea floor spreading at mid‐ocean ridges. These mechanisms are illustrated with examples from islands in the Caribbean and the Pacific. Endemism on oceanic islands has usually been attributed to chance, long‐distance dispersal, but the processes discussed here will generate endemism on young volcanic islands by vicariance.
The genetics of cholesteatoma. A systematic review using narrative synthesis
Authors: Jennings B.A. , Prinsley P. , Philpott C. , Willis G. , Bhutta M.F. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveA cholesteatoma is a mass of keratinising epithelium in the middle ear. It is a rare disorder that is associated with significant morbidity, and its causative risk factors are poorly understood; on a global scale, up to a million people are affected by this each year. We have conducted a systematic literature review to identify reports about the heritability of cholesteatoma or any constitutional genetic factors that may be associated with its aetiology.Data SourcesA systematic search of MEDLINE (EBSCO) and two databases of curated genetic research (OMIM and Phenopedia) was conducted.Study SelectionThe participants and populations of interest for this review were people treated for cholesteatoma and their family members. The studies of interest reported evidence of heritability for the trait, or any association with congenital syndromes and particular genetic variants.Data ExtractionThe searches identified 449 unique studies, of which 35 were included in the final narrative synthesis.Data SynthesisA narrative synthesis was conducted, and data were tabulated to record characteristics, including study design, genetic data and author conclusions. Most of the studies identified in the literature search, and described here, are case reports and so represent the lowest level of evidence. In a few case reports, congenital and acquired cholesteatomas have been shown to segregate within families in the pattern typical of a monogenic or oligogenic disorder with incomplete penetrance. Evidence from syndromic cases could suggest that genes controlling ear morphology may be risk factors for cholesteatoma formation.ConclusionsThis is the first systematic review about the genetics of cholesteatoma, and we have identified a small body of relevant literature that provides evidence of a heritable component for its aetiology. Cholesteatoma is a complex and heterogeneous clinical phenotype, and it is often associated with chronic otitis media and with some rare congenital syndromes known to affect ear morphology and related pathologies.
Determining fitting ranges of various bone conduction hearing aids
Authors: van Barneveld D.C.P.B.M. , Kok H.J.W. , Noten J.F.P. , Bosman A.J. , Snik A.F.M. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesTo define fitting ranges for nine bone conduction devices (BCDs) over different frequencies based on the device's maximum power output (MPO) and to validate the assessment of MPO of BCDs in the ear canal.BackgroundMaximum power output (MPO) is an important characteristic when fitting BCDs. It is the highest output level a device can deliver and is one of the major determinants of a device's fitting range. A skull simulator can be used to verify MPO of percutaneous BCDs. No such simulator is available for active and passive transcutaneous devices.DesignThe MPO of nine different BCDs was assessed either by real‐ear measurements and/or with skull simulator measurements.Main outcome measuresMPO and cross‐validation of the methods using the Bland–Altman method.ResultsPercutaneous BCDs have higher MPO levels compared to active and passive transcutaneous devices. This results in a wide dynamic range of hearing for percutaneous devices. Moreover, the assessment of MPO by real‐ear measurements was validated.ConclusionBased on MPO data, fitting ranges were defined for nine BCDs over seven frequencies.