bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tubal Sterilization and Ovarian Perfusion: Selective Arteriography in Vivo and in Vitro
Authors: Manzanilla‐Sevilla Rafael , González‐Iñiguez Rafael , Casanova‐Alvarez Nicolás , Martínez‐Alcalá Felix 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTTo determine whether there are changes in the utero‐tuboovarian circulation after tubal sterilization, selective arteriograms were taken in vivo every 0.3–7.0 seconds with a Puck‐type seriograph and also in vitro. A control arteriographic study was made. The operations performed were fimbriectomy and modified Pomeroy. The 30 patients studied were divided into two groups. One was formed by 20 nonpregnant women. The other ten patients were in the early puerperium. Arteriographic images with and without tubal sterilization were prepared, and the different techniques were compared. With the Pomeroy operations, the various tubal sites where surgery was performed were also compared. It was concluded that neither the modified Pomeroy sterilization nor fimbriectomy alters ovarian perfusion in either nonpregnant women or those in the early puerperium.
Systemic Reactions with Total Dose Infusion of Iron Dextran Complex in Obstetric Patients
Authors: Fahmy Kamal 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIron dextran complex (Imferon) total dose infusion (TDI) was used to treat iron deficiency anemia in 310 obstetric patients. Systemic reactions were reported for 13.5% of the group. Most (90.5%) of the severe reactions occurred during the test dose, while 66.6% recorded during or after TDI were mild. Antihistamine premedication included administration of promethazine hydrochloride to 104 patients and intramuscular and intravenous drip chlorpheniramine hydrogen maleate to 206 patients. Total systemic reactions were statistically greater with intramuscular promethazine hydrochloride than with intramuscular and intravenous chlorpheniramine maleate (p<0.001). On the other hand, the rates of severe reactions and reactions during the test dose were similar for both antihistamine schedules (p>0.05). The incidence of all systemic reactions was the same for pregnant and postnatal women (p>0.05), but severe reactions were more frequent among pregnant than postnatal patients (p<0.001). There were no fatalities.
A Follow‐up of Vasectomy Clients in Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Atiqur Rahman , Swenson Ingrid E. , Rahman Azizur 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA one‐year follow‐up of 585 vasectomy clients sterilized at vasectomy camps in Shibpur and Shalna in rural Bangladesh showed that almost half of the clients were dissatisfied with their vasectomies. The majority of dissatisfied clients stated that their primary reasons for dissatisfaction were: (a) their ability to work had decreased and (b) they had not received all of the incentives they had been promised. However, 58% of the matched nonvasectomized controls also felt that their ability to work had decreased in the last year. Only 2%–7% of the dissatisfied clients cited decreased sexual performance as their primary reason for dissatisfaction. Satisfied vasectomy clients most frequently cited: (a) the permanence of this method of birth control and (b) the incentives they received as their reasons for satisfaction.
Microadministration of Ketamine During Labor and Delivery of Nigerian Women
Authors: Ayangade Okun 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTCarefully controlled intravenous administration of ketamine produced excellent analgesia and dissociative sleep in all patients in the active phase of labor. The introduction to delivery interval was significantly shortened (3.6 vs 6 hours) in our general population. Of the 50 patients studied, 49 were unable to remember if contractions were painful and 80% experienced and narrated dreams. The auditory component was consistently intact in 82% of the cases; 78% described the total experience as pleasant, while the rest found it unpleasant or uncertain. The one‐minute Apgar score of 6.8 was not significantly different from that of the general population.
Breech Presentations in a Sample of Colombian Hospitals
Authors: López‐Escobar G. , Riaño‐Gamboa G. , Fortney Judith , Janowitz Barbara 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAll the breech presentations that occurred in a large sample of data on obstetric deliveries from a random sample of urban hospitals in Colombia are examined. The 463 breeches are analyzed by age and parity of the mother, type of breech presentation (frank or footling) and type of delivery (vaginal or abdominal). The data suggest that abdominal delivery reduces perinatal mortality although cell values are too small to adequately control for birth weight.
Vaginal Adenocarcinoma in a Gravida with Prenatal DES Exposure
Authors: Castillo Hector Del , Rubio Pedro A. , Farrell Edward M. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe article presents a case of a young pregnant woman with vaginal carcinoma who had been exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero. Surgical excision of the lesion was attempted but failed. Interstitial irradiation was then applied and proved successful. The patient's infant, as well as two subsequent children, were delivered by cesarean section after normal pregnancies. There was no evidence of metastatic disease or recurrence in 11½ years following the initial diagnosis. Since 1965, a rising incidence of vaginal adenocarcinoma in women who were exposed to (DES) in utero has been reported. These women should be examined regularly after menarche for prompt evaluation and treatment of precancerous lesions such as adenosis, cervical erosion or transverse ridges. Since most of these patients are young, a conservative treatment is recommended. Extensive surgery and pelvic irradiation is indicated, however, in the cases of widespread disease.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen and β2‐Microglobulin as Serum Tumor Markers in Women with Genital Cancer
Authors: Khoo Soo Keat , Daunter Brian , Mackay Eric 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA comparative study of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and β2‐microglobulin (β2‐MG) in serum was made by radioimmunoassay in 77 women with genital cancer. With a positive level defined as 5 ng of CEA/ml and 3.0 μg of β2‐MG/ml, CEA was positive in 31% of the women with cancer of the corpus, 36% of those with cancer of the cervix and 36% of those with cancer of the ovary; the corresponding figures for β2‐MG were 6%, 27% and 56%, respectively. The additional use of β2‐MG provided an increase in positive results, especially in cases of cancer of the ovary. A direct relationship between the extent of tumor and serum marker level was more evident for β2‐MG than CEA. There was no correlation between serial levels of CEA and β2‐MG in most patients. CEA levels appeared to predict subsequent tumor behavior more accurately in patients with good prognoses (ie, complete or partial tumor response), whereas β2‐MG levels gave the same prediction in those with bad prognoses (ie, nonresponsive or progressive tumor).
Copper Content in Cervical Mucus of Women Wearing Plain and Copper‐Bearing Spring Coils
Authors: Randić Ljiljana 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTTo test the hypothesis that the copper in copper‐bearing intrauterine devices (IUDs) and its reaction with cervical mucus constitute the agent in preventing conception, the copper content of 300 samples of cervical mucus, 150 each from women wearing plain Spring Coil IUDs and those wearing Spring Coils containing 500 mg of copper, was determined at 3, 6 and 12 months after IUD insertion. Stoner and Dasler's modified spectrophotometric micromethod (Clin Chem 10:845, 1964) was used to quantify the copper content of the cervical mucus. Analysis showed no significant change in the copper content of the cervical mucus of women wearing plain Spring Coils compared to that of women not wearing IUDs; however, the amount of copper in the cervical mucus of women wearing copper‐bearing Spring Coils was 5‐6 times greater at midcycle 3, 6 and 12 months after insertion. Thus, we conclude that there is an important biologic basis for assuming that copper‐bearing Spring Coils can inhibit sperm penetration through the cervical mucus and that they can initiate contraceptive activity at the cervical level.
Hysteroplasty and Vaginoplasty for Reconstruction of the Uterus
Authors: Singh K. J. , Devi Lakshmi 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA simple surgical procedure for reconstruction of the uterus from available Müllerian bulbs with simultaneous vaginoplasty is described. The Müllerian bulbs on both sides are incised, and suitable central fibromuscular tissue is excised to make a uterine cavity. The margins are sutured around a uterine mold, taking care to leave tubal os free. The reconstructed lower end of the uterus (now representing the cervix and upper third of the vagina) is brought down into the space already made out of the peritoneal septum between the bladder and the rectoanal region. The perineal operation for vaginoplasty is completed after suturing the lower end of the reconstructed uterus to the upper margin of the reconstructed vagina. The vaginal and uterine molds are kept in place for one and two weeks postoperatively, respectively.
Menstrual Regulation and the Law
Authors: Paxman J. M. , Barberis M. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe advent of menstrual regulation techniques has further clouded the once‐clear legal distinction between contraception and abortion. This study, which attempts to assess the relationship between menstrual regulation and abortion laws throughout the world, focuses on the three distinct types of abortion laws that impinge on menstrual regulation practice: (1) those that focus on the “intent” to interrupt pregnancy, (2) those that require proof of pregnancy and (3) those that make abortion readily accessible for a wide variety of indications.
Laparoscopic Sterilization with Room Air Insufflation: Preliminary Report
Authors: Diaz Maria Orbelina , Atwood Richard J. , Laufe Leonard E. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTLaparoscopic sterilizations can be safely performed using room air insufflation. In a series of 400 procedures, the rates of surgical complications and complaints were comparable to other laparoscopy studies in which high‐pressure gas was used. The purported problems associated with room air insufflation were not encountered in this study.
131I Isotope Placentography: Simple Counting Equipment in Obstetric Practice
Authors: Knox‐Macaulay Huxley H. M. , Smith Olufemi A. , Scott Ainor 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTSimple counting equipment and radioiodinated human serum albumin (131IHSA) were used to perform placental localization on 48 pregnant women with antepartum hemorrhage. The level of diagnostic accuracy of 85% compares favorably with more expensive methods. The false‐negative diagnosis rate for the whole group was 4% and the false‐positive diagnosis rate was 8%. The authors recommend this method of isotope placentography for developing countries because the cost of the equipment, including maintenance, and the isotopes is relatively small, and the radiation hazards are negligible.
Clomiphene Citrate and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in the Treatment of Anovulatory Infertility
Authors: Sutaria U. D. , Crooke A. C. , Bertrand P. V. , Hodgson C. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTFifty‐one patients with proven anovulatory infertility were treated for four months. For two months each, a dose regimen of 50 mg of clomiphene citrate daily for five days and one of 150 mg daily for five days was prescribed. During one month of each of these two regimens, each patient also received 5000 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin intramuscularly. Thirty‐three of the 51 patients ovulated at least once during the four months of treatment; the ovulation rate was 64.7%. Sixteen pregnancies occurred during the treatment, for a pregnancy rate of 31.4%. Human chorionic gonadotropin did not appear to increase the ovulation rate.
Prognosis of Pregnancy After Threatened Abortion
Authors: Adelusi Babatunde , Dada O. A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTUterine bleeding in early pregnancy represents a definite threat to the developing embryo and constitutes a source of anxiety to both the patient and her clinician. In a prospective study of women with threatened abortion (TA) in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy in Ibadan, Nigeria, 48.8% of them aborted their pregnancies and there was no significant association between the various sociomedical factors considered and the outcome of pregnancy after TA. In like manner, routine admission of patients with TA into the hospital may not be essential for the preservation of the pregnancy. However, uterine bleeding as a symptom of abortion appears to be of greater risk if this occurs in the second trimester of pregnancy, and the predictive value of circulating progesterone levels in TA is significant. It is probable that uterine bleeding in the second trimester, especially when this is associated with low circulating levels of progesterone, may be pathognomonic of imminent abortion.
New elements in the interreceptor matrix: a comparative study of Megavilli and Landolt's club
Authors: Yang Jingjin , Wu Sharon L. , S. M. Chow Maggie , S. M. Wai Maria , Yew David T. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMegavilli and Landolt's clubs were reported in the interreceptor matrix of the retina of the goldfish and neonatal rat for the first time. Megavilli encroach onto the inner or outer segments of photoreceptors and were different from microvilli. Landolt's clubs were not present in the adult rat but only in the adult goldfish.
Performance of the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test for the homogenization of mean seasonal snow depth time series
Authors: Marcolini Giorgia , Bellin Alberto , Chiogna Gabriele 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTTime series of snow depth bear relevant information for environmental studies in Alpine areas. In addition, due to its sensitivity to air temperature, snow depth dynamic is a robust indicator of climate change effects in mountainous areas. Unfortunately, collecting accurate snow depth data is a difficult task and often time series are obtained by merging data from different sources. Especially in the past, observations were not standardized, such that changes in the operator and in the equipment were sources of inhomogeneities in the time series. To overcome this problem and make the most efficient use of the available information, homogenization techniques may be used. However, a standardized approach for homogenizing snow depth data is currently lacking, despite its importance in climatic and hydrological studies. We evaluate the performance of the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT) to homogenize mean seasonal snow depth data collected in the Province of Trento, Northeastern Italy. The proposed algorithm showed good performance in both detecting breakpoints and identifying homogeneous time series. Breakpoints have been detected in about 20% of the analysed time series. A homogeneity analysis on mean seasonal snow depth datasets is hence recommended before performing climatological studies.
A statistical analysis of hourly heavy rainfall events over the Beijing metropolitan region during the warm seasons of 2007–2014
Authors: Li Huiqi , Cui Xiaopeng , Zhang Da‐Lin 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA statistical analysis of the spatiotemporal characteristics of hourly heavy rainfall (HHR) events and rainstorm days, defined as greater than 20 mm h−1 and 50 mm day−1, respectively, is performed using observations at 5‐min intervals from 155 automated weather stations (AWSs) over the Beijing metropolitan region (BMR) during the warm seasons of 2007–2014. Results show pronounced variability in the frequencies and rainfall amounts of both HHR events and rainstorm days across the BMR of less than 150 km width from the west to east. That is, higher‐ (lower) frequency HHR events with more (less) accumulated rainfall amounts take place in eastern Haidian and over the BMR's northeast mountains (west and northwest mountains). Many extreme rainfall and even record‐breaking events, in terms of the frequency, duration, rainfall amount and intensity, are found to occur in the regions of high‐frequency HHR events and rainstorm days. The frequency of rainstorm days with HHR events accounts for more than 50% of that of total rainstorm days over the BMR's plains and near the northeast mountains. Results also show that HHR events occur most frequently in late July, and typically peak during 1600–2000 LST. A comparison of the averaged surface meteorological variables and upper‐air sounding at 0800 LST between HHR and non‐HHR days reveals that the occurrences of the HHR events coincide with the distribution of surface warmer and more humid air as well as organized convergence in the presence of an unstable environment with surface south‐ to southeasterly winds, low‐level south to southwesterly flows and a deep layer of higher moisture content. These results suggest likely the positive influences of urban environment and mountain‐plain circulations on the generation of the HHR events, given favourable larger‐scale conditions.
Population abundance estimation with heterogeneous encounter probabilities using numerical integration
Authors: White Gary C. , Cooch Evan G. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTEstimation of population abundance is a common problem in wildlife ecology and management. Capture‐mark‐reencounter (CMR) methods using marked animals are a standard approach, particularly in recent history with the development of innovative methods of marking using camera traps or DNA samples. However, estimates of abundance from multiple encounters of marked individuals are biased low when individual heterogeneity of encounter probabilities is not accounted for in the estimator. We evaluated the operating characteristics of the Huggins logit‐normal estimator through computer simulations, using Gaussian–Hermite quadrature to model individual encounter heterogeneity. We simulated individual encounter data following a factorial design with 2 levels of sampling occasions (t = 5, 10), 3 levels of abundance (N = 100, 500, 1,000), 4 levels of median detection probabilities (p = 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) for each sampling occasion (on the probability scale), and 4 levels of individual heterogeneity (σp = 0, 0.5, 1, 2; on the logit normal scale), resulting in a design space consisting of 96 simulation scenarios (2 × 3 × 4 × 4). For each scenario, we performed 1,000 simulations using the Huggins estimators Mt, M0, MtRE, and M0RE, where the RE subscript corresponds to the random effects model. As expected, the Mt and M0 estimators were biased when individual heterogeneity was present but unbiased for σp = 0 data. The estimators for MtRE and M0RE were biased high for N = 100 and median p ≤ 0.2 but showed little bias elsewhere. The bias is attributed to the occasional sets of data that result in a low overall detection probability and a resulting highly skewed sampling distribution of . This result is confirmed in that the median of the sampling distributions was only slightly biased high. The random effects estimators performed poorly for σp = 0 data, mainly because a log link function forces the estimate of σp > 0. However, the Fletcher statistic provided useful evidence to evaluate σp > 0, as did likelihood ratio tests of the null hypothesis σp = 0. Generally, confidence interval coverage of N appears close to the nominal 95% expected when the estimator is not biased. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Hydroxyapatite cement cranioplasty following translabyrinthine approach: Long‐term study of 369 cases
Authors: Volsky Peter G. , Hillman Todd A. , Stromberg Kellen J. , Buchinsky Farrel J. , Chen Douglas A. , Jackson Neal M. , Arriaga Moisés A. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo report the authors' experience with hydroxyapatite cement (HAC) cranioplasty and analyze the material's long‐term safety and efficacy in repairing translabyrinthine skull‐base defects by examining adverse events, specifically cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks and surgical site infections.Study DesignRetrospective case‐control study (primary study arm); prospective cross‐sectional study of patients not examined within the last 5 years (secondary arm). Setting: tertiary‐care neurotology private practice and academic practice (two centers).MethodsHydroxyapatite cement implanted following translabyrinthine approach, with or without fat graft, was included. Combined approaches were excluded. Implant‐associated adverse events were defined as 1) CSF leaks requiring reoperation or spinal drainage, and (2) infections requiring reoperation. Patients not examined within 5 years were interviewed by telephone to update their condition. Incidence of adverse events was compared to published data for translabyrinthine cranioplasty using fat graft alone. Implant survival analysis was performed.ResultsThe study cohort included 369 HAC implants in the same number of patients. There were seven CSF leaks and seven infections. Combined (n = 14) incidence of adverse events was 3.8% (2.09%, 6.28%). Compared to fat graft alone, the adverse events associated with HAC were fewer (P < 0.001). Up to 15 years (5,475 days), HAC cement maintained 95% adverse event‐free survival. There were no cases of meningitis.ConclusionCranioplasty using HAC with autologous fat following translabyrinthine skull‐base surgery is safer and more effective than fat graft alone, up to 15 years after surgery.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:2120–2125, 2017
Striosomal dysfunction affects behavioral adaptation but not impulsivity—Evidence from X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism
Authors: Beste Christian , Mückschel Moritz , Rosales Raymond , Domingo Aloysius , Lee Lillian , Ng Arlene , Klein Christine , Münchau Alexander 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTBackground: Executive functions including behavioral adaptation and impulse control are commonly impaired in movement disorders caused by striatal pathology. However, as yet it is unclear what aspects of behavioral abnormalities are related to pathology in which striatal subcomponent, that is, the matrix and the striosomes. We therefore studied cognitive control in X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism, a model disease of striosomal degeneration, using behavioral paradigms and EEG.Methods: We studied genetically confirmed X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism patients (N = 21) in their early disease stages and healthy matched controls. Error‐related behavioral adaptation was tested in a flanker task and response inhibition in a Go/Nogo paradigm during EEG. We focused on error‐related negativity during error processing and the Nogo‐N2 and Nogo‐P3 in the response inhibition task. Source localization analyses were calculated. In addition, total wavelet power and phase‐locking factor reflecting neural synchronization processes in time and frequency across trials were calculated.Results: Error processing and behavioral adaptation predominantly engaging the anterior cingulate cortex was markedly impaired in X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism. This was reflected in abnormal reaction times correlating with error‐related negativity amplitudes, error related theta band activity, and the phase‐locking factor. Also, abnormal error processing correlated with dystonia severity but not with parkinsonism. Response inhibition and corresponding EEG activity were normal.Conclusions: This dissociable pattern of cognitive deficits most likely reflects predominant dysfunction of the striosomal compartment and its connections to the anterior cingulate cortex in X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism. The results underscore the importance of striosomes for cognitive function in humans and suggest that striosomes are relays of error‐related behavioral adaptation but not inhibitory control. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society