bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial stress in young families after the pandemic: no time to rest
Authors: Richter Katharina , Buechel Catherine , Augustin Michaela , Friedmann Anna , Mall Volker , Nehring Ina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
During the pandemic, parenting stress and mental health challenges for both parents and children have increased. However, the lasting repercussions for families remain largely unexplored. Additionally, young families currently face stressors such as economic inflation, the Russia-Ukraine War, and the climate crisis, whose impacts on family well-being are not yet understood.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study involving families (N = 17,333) with children aged 0–9 years to examine parenting stress and mental health issues among both parents and children in light of current societal challenges. Validated questionnaires were used to gather data, and potential factors contributing to parenting stress were investigated.
Results
We found that 53.7% of parents reported feeling stressed or very stressed in their parenting role, with 13.5% experiencing anxiety symptoms and 14.6% showing signs of depression. Additionally, 34.9% of the infants (0–24 months) had crying and/or sleeping difficulties, whereas emotional and behavioral problems were observed in 10.4% of the toddlers (2–4 years) and 8.7% of the pre- and primary schoolers (˃ 4 years). Economic inflation was perceived as stressful or very stressful for 59.3% of parents, with radicalization and social division (49.3%), the Russia–Ukraine War (37.9%), and the climate crisis (31.8%) also cited as sources of stress. For 31.6% of families, the lingering effects of the pandemic continued to be a (major) burden. Across all age groups, children's mental health issues and societal challenges were the primary predictors of parenting stress. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between the duration of external childcare and parenting stress among parents with toddlers and pre- and primary schoolers.
Conclusion
Our study underscores that psychosocial stressors for families with children remain pronounced even postpandemic and, in some cases, have intensified compared with the peak of the pandemic. Moreover, our findings highlight the impact of broader societal trends, such as economic inflation and social division, on family well-being. Addressing these stressors and promoting the mental health of infants while bolstering parental resilience by alleviating parenting stress should be key priorities for healthcare initiatives in the aftermath of COVID-19.
Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals the Role of NUSAP1 in Glioma and Its Potential for Precision Diagnostic and Prognostic Applications
Authors: Zhao Meng-Yu , Shen Zhao-Lei , Xu Wan-Yan , Gu Yu , Zhao Jie-Hui , Yu Tian-Hang , Wang Li-Na , Wang Cun-Zhi , Xu Jia-feng , Chen Guan-Jun , Chen Dong-Hui , Hong Wen-Ming , Zhang Fang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Personalized precision medicine (PPPM) is a rapidly advancing field with significant potential. Gliomas, known for their poor prognosis, rank among the most lethal brain tumors. Despite advancements, there remains a critical need for precise, individualized treatment strategies.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of RNA-seq and microarray data from the TCGA and GEO databases, supplemented by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from glioma patients. By integrating single-cell sequencing analysis with foundational experiments, we investigated the molecular variations and cellular interactions within neural glioma cell subpopulations during tumor progression.
Results: Our single-cell sequencing analysis revealed distinct gene expression patterns across glioma cell subpopulations. Notably, differentiation trajectory analysis identified NUSAP1 as a key marker for the terminal subpopulation. We found that elevated NUSAP1 expression correlated with poor prognosis, prompting further investigation of its functional role through both cellular and animal studies.
Conclusions: NUSAP1-based risk models hold potential as predictive and therapeutic tools for personalized glioma treatment. In-depth exploration of NUSAP1's mechanisms in glioblastoma could enhance our understanding of its response to immunotherapy, suggesting that targeting NUSAP1 may offer therapeutic benefits for glioma patients.
Executive function in preschool children who stutter: A behavioral assessment study
Authors: Kakuta Kohei , Kawasaki Akihiro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Developmental stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by the repetition, prolongation, and blocking of speech sounds. It has been suggested that a decline in executive function is a background factor for preschool children who stutter. Executive function is defined as “goal-oriented thought, action, and emotion regulation.” At present, there are few previous studies that have comprehensively investigated the subcomponents of executive function in preschool children who stutter through behavioral experiments. We herein conducted age- and gender-matched case–control study to explore the characteristics of the subcomponents of executive function in preschool children who stutter compared with preschool children who do not. Consequently, we found declines in verbal and visual working memories in preschool children who stutter. The results of this study indicated that children who stutter show declines not only in verbal short-term memory performance, as has been pointed out in the past, but also in the performance of the entire working memory system, including central executive function.
A novel nomogram for the early identification of coinfections in elderly patients with COVID-19
Authors: Zou Ju , Wang Xiaoxu , Li Jie , Liu Min , Zhao Xiaoting , Wang Ling , Kuang Xuyuan , Huang Yang , Quan Jun , Chen Ruochan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to establish a novel, precise, and practical nomogram for use upon hospital admission to identify coinfections among elderly patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to provide timely intervention, limit antimicrobial agent overuse and hospitalisation costs, finally reduce unfavourable outcomes.
Methods
This prospective cohort study included COVID-19 patients consecutively admitted at multicenter medical facilities in a two-stage process. The nomogram was built on the multivariable logistic regression analysis. The performance of the nomogram was assessed for discrimination and calibration using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA) in rigorous internal and external validation settings.
Results
Between 7 December 2022 and 1 February 2023, in the first stage of this study, 916 COVID-19 patients were included. The coinfection rates in non-elderly and elderly patients determined to be 16.22% and 26.61%, respectively. Pneumonia caused by other pathogens (85.45%) was the most common coinfection-associated illness in the elderly group. Bacteria were the most common pathogens associated with coinfections in the elderly, especially gram-negative bacteria (48%) of Acinetobacter baumanii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fungi (38%) were the second most common pathogens isolated from coinfections in elderly patients with COVID-19. The nomogram was developed with the parameters of diabetes comorbidity, previous invasive procedure, and procalcitonin (PCT) level, which together showed areas under the curve of 0.86, 0.82, and 0.83 in the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively. The nomogram outperformed both PCT or C-reactive protein level alone in detecting coinfections in elderly patients with COVID-19; in addition, we found the nomogram was specific for the elderly compared to non-elderly group. Calibration plots of the nomogram revealed excellent agreement between the predicted and actual probabilities of coinfection occurrence, and the DCA indicated favourable clinical consistency of nomogram results.
Conclusions
This novel nomogram will assist in the early identification of coinfections in elderly patients with COVID-19.
Trial registration:
This study was registered at https://ClinicalTrials.gov, with the registration NCT06321367 (registration Date: 2024-03-20).
The Effect of Alpha frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation of the parieto-occipital region on creative thinking
Authors: Liu Chunlei , Yang Jiaqin , Zhou Runze , Wang Jinqian , Huang Xinying , Man Xiaotong , Zhang An'ning 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Previous studies showed that creative thinking was related to Alpha oscillations, and individuals showed stronger fronto-parietal Alpha synchronization during creative activities. Creative thinking required the coordination of the default mode network (DMN) and executive control network (ECN) subregions in the frontal and parieto-occipital regions, which was mainly reflected in the changes of Alpha oscillations in EEG. The evidence of up-regulation of the DMN by alpha frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation (α-tACS) in the parieto-occipital region, and enhancement of Alpha Power by 10 Hz-tACS to enhance creativity suggested that α-tACS was associated with creative thinking. But whether there was a causal relationship between α-tACS and creative thinking was still unknown.
Methods
The effect of α-tACS in parieto-occipital region on creative thinking and their cognitive neural mechanisms were investigated by alternative uses task (AUT) using EEG and tACS. The experiment recruited 28 participants to complete the AUT after receiving Sham-Stimulus/α-tACS.
Results
Behavioral results showed that the novelty, flexibility and fluency of individuals treated with α-tACS in parieto-occipital regions were significantly higher than those in Sham-Stimulus. The EEG results based on time-frequency analysis showed that the Alpha Power of individuals in parieto-occipital regions treated with α-tACS was significantly higher than that in the Sham-Stimulus group.
Conclusions
In conclusion, Combined with the experimental results, the research basically proved that α-tACS of the parieto-occipital region positively affected creative thinking further suggesting that α-tACS promoted creative thinking.
Robotic-Assisted Surgery in Pediatric Gynecology: Preliminary Initial Outcomes
Authors: Delgado-Miguel Carlos , Reparaz Laura , Clarkson Wright , Desai Karina , Camps Juan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Robotic-assisted surgery has become widely used in adult gynecology, but has not yet been widely used in pediatric patients. We report our initial experience in robot-assisted pediatric gynecologic surgery to determine its feasibility, safety and limitations in children.
Methods
A retrospective single-center study was performed among consecutive girls under 18-years who underwent ginecologic robotic-assisted procedures in our institution between 2012-2021. A three-arm robot (5 mm trocars) with one camera arm (12 mm trocar) was used in all cases by the same surgical team. Demographic data, type of robotic procedure, surgery time, complication rate, conversion rate to laparoscopic procedure, lenght of hospital stay (LOS) and postoperative complications were analyzed.
Results
A total of 10 patients were included (median age 11.9 years; range 2.5-17.4 years), who underwent robotic assisted surgery for adnexal pathologies: 3 for ovarian cystectomy, 3 for ovarian teratoma resection, 2 for oophorectomy, 1 for bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for gonadal dysgenesis and 1 for hysterectomy in a patient with cerebral palsy and recurrent severe uterine bleeding. Median surgery time was 74 minutes (interquartile range: 66-82 minutes). Intraoperative blood loss was minimal (median: 35 ml) Conversion to laparatomy was not necessary in any case. Median LOS was 1 day (interquartile range: 1-2 days). No intra- or postoperative complications occurred.
Conclusion
Preliminar outcomes indicate that ginecologic robotic-assisted surgery is effective and safely applicable in the pediatric population. However, it is still too early to conclude that it provides better clinical outcomes than traditional laparoscopic surgery. Further prospective, comparative studies are still needed.
Type of study: Observational retrospective study
Level of evidence: IV
Clinical education in undergraduate nursing in Ghana: A gap analysis
Authors: Hobenu Kafui A. , Adefuye Anthonio O. , Naab Florence , Nyoni Champion N. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Nursing education comprises theory and practice as two complementary parts. In Ghana, the clinical education space is inundated with many challenges disrupting the intended purpose of clinical education. The challenges are multifactorial and include student issues, nurse and educator concerns, management and resource issues. To find solutions, there is a need for a critical analysis of the current clinical educational practices to inform the development of feasible and sustainable approaches for nursing education. This article, therefore, reports on a gap analysis of clinical education in Ghana.
Method: A qualitative descriptive design underpinned the study and was executed through key informant interviews, focus group discussions and document analysis. A total of seventy-three participants, drawn from four nursing education institutions and eight clinical sites, located in four administrative regions in Ghana, participated in the study. These participants comprised four principals, four heads of accounts, eight clinical coordinators, eight nurse educators, twelve preceptors, and thirty-seven final-year registered general nursing students. Data analysis was done deductively against the Global Pillars for Nursing Education thematically yielding three themes and eleven sub-themes.
Results: For Pillar 1, the study revealed a lack of a comprehensive competency-based assessment, ineffective interprofessional communication, and a non-stimulating clinical education climate. For Pillar 2, disregard for available admission standards and non-integration of interprofessional education into the Diploma in Nursing curriculum were found. In the case of Pillar 3, insufficient clinical experience of nurse educators was detected, financial resources to support clinical activities optimally were insufficient, and there was a lack of independence of nursing schools to support nursing education effectively.
Conclusion: This study brought to the fore the gaps in the nursing education system in terms of learning outcomes, the nursing education programme, and the educational institution in Ghana. This indicates that although clinical education occurs in the clinical setting, the challenges emanate from multiple facets of the nursing education system. To enhance clinical learning and teaching in undergraduate nursing education, strategies should target specific problems that may stem from any aspect of the nursing education system through a comprehensive framework that aims to enhance clinical learning and teaching.
Clinical Trial Number: Not applicable.
Study on the Characteristics of Flash Drought and the Response Regularity of Photosynthesis to Flash Drought in Different Vegetation Ecosystems in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.
Authors: Zhan Yunjun , Ma Chuanqi , Yan Yan , Luo Yongsi , Wang Xueting , Wang Senrong , Rong Yuejing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In recent decades, flash drought events have frequently occurred in the humid regions of southern China. Due to the sudden onset and rapid intensification of these droughts, they often cause severe damage to vegetation photosynthesis. Our current understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of flash droughts across different vegetation types remains limited. Moreover, insufficient consideration of the early stress of vegetation during flash droughts has constrained our understanding of the response regularity of vegetation photosynthesis to flash drought events. This study analyzes the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of flash drought for different vegetation types in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin from 2000 to 2023. Using the flash drought event of 2013 as a case study, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and fluorescence yield (ΦF) were employed to further explore the Response Regularity of vegetation photosynthesis to flash drought. The results show that, over the past 24 years, the frequency of flash drought for different vegetation types in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin has decreased, but the total duration has increased, with forests experiencing a higher frequency of flash drought. Cropland photosynthesis is the most sensitive to flash drought, responding on the 10th day after the onset and reaching a negative anomaly by the 26th day. Forests and grasslands respond later, beginning on the 20th day and showing a negative anomaly by the 36th day. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of vegetation photosynthesis responses to flash drought and provide a reference for developing effective flash drought management strategies.
Mindfulness-integrated Cognitive Behavior Therapy reduces pain and psychological distress, and improves equanimity, hope and post-traumatic growth during breast cancer treatment
Authors: Arefian Mohsen , Asgari-Mobarake Karim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Chemotherapy is associated with many side effects, including pain and psychological discomforts, which affect patients' physical and psychological health.
Objectives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a shortened version of Mindfulness-integrated Cognitive Behavior Therapy (MiCBT) in managing pain and psychological distress (including depression, anxiety, and stress), improving equanimity, hope, and post-traumatic growth in patients with Stage I-III breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.
Methods A total of 62 women were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n=21) or a treatment-as-usual (TAU) control group (n=21), with 9 women lost to follow-up. All participants completed a battery of assessments for pain, emotional distress, hope, equanimity, and post-traumatic growth before and after the intervention, as well as at the 2-month follow-up. The intervention consisted of a short (4-week) version of the MiCBT program, which involved progressive muscle relaxation, mindfulness of breath, body scanning, and the mindfulness-based interoceptive exposure task (MIET) for pain.
Results The MiCBT program was conducted over four consecutive weeks with an emphasis on the mindfulness-based interoceptive exposure task (MIET) for pain. Compared with the TAU group, at post-treatment, the MiCBT group experienced larger and significant reductions in pain, psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress, and large improvements in equanimity and hope. These differences remained significant at 2-month follow-up.
Conclusion This study provides preliminary evidence that a four-week MiCBT intervention can improve the daily experiences of women with BC undergoing chemotherapy. Further research using larger samples and active control is needed to determine the generalizability of the results.
Trial registration This study was registered in the Iranian Clinical Trial Registry (registry ID: IRCT20220903055860N1, registration date: 2022-09-29).
Exploring the double-edged sword effect of unreasonable tasks on employee creativity from cognitive and behavioral perspectives: A moderated dual-chain mediation model
Authors: Li Fangfang , Dou Cunfang , Li Zhen , Liao Qianyi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Over the past two years, the emergence of new quality productive forces has drawn significant academic interest in China, with employee creativity identified as its core driver. Previous research has confirmed the relationship between illegitimate tasks and employee creativity. However, the double-edged effect of unreasonable tasks on employee creativity remains unexplored. To bridge the gap, this research constructed a moderated dual-chain mediation model based on the perseverative cognition theory and the COR theory. The aim was to systematically examine the potential mechanisms and boundary conditions between unreasonable tasks and employee creativity.
Methods
Using the questionnaire method, a total of 353 participants took part in the four-phase survey.
Results
The findings indicated that unreasonable tasks enhanced employee creativity by prompting problem-solving pondering, and they also inhibited employee creativity by inducing affective rumination. Additionally, problem-solving pondering encouraged feedback-seeking behavior, whereas affective rumination led to feedback-avoiding behavior. These results supported the chain mediation effect of “unreasonable tasks → work-related rumination → feedback behavior → employee creativity.” Furthermore, the organizational climate for creativity strengthened the link between unreasonable tasks and problem-solving pondering, as well as reinforced the chain mediation of problem-solving pondering and feedback-seeking behavior. Conversely, the organizational climate for creativity weakened the connection between unreasonable tasks and affective rumination, as well as diminished the chain mediation of affective rumination and feedback-avoiding behavior.
Conclusion
The research suggests that unreasonable tasks have a double-edged effect on employee creativity. These findings provide advice and guidance for management practices.
Utility of Airway Fluoroscopy as a Diagnostic Test in Children with Stridor
Authors: Frank Samantha , Pion Tyler , Kavanagh Katherine , Lee Subin , Hughes Amy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Stridor is a high-pitched airway sound that can be produced from static or dynamic lesions along the upper airway. Airway fluoroscopy (AF) has been utilized as a diagnostic test to evaluate pediatric stridor, but prior studies have shown limitations.
Objectives
We aim to assess the reliability of airway fluoroscopy as compared to direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy (DLB) in evaluating pediatric stridor, with stratification of airway subsite.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective chart review was performed. 184 patients were evaluated who had undergone both AF and DLB within one year of each other. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated at each airway subsite, including supraglottis, glottis, subglottis, trachea, and bronchi. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) testing was performed at each subsite.
Results
Sensitivity and specificity were 12%/99%, 12%/98%, 44%/96%, and 39%/100% respectively for pathology at the level of the supraglottis, subglottis, trachea, and bronchi. ROC AUC was 0.558 (p < 0.05) for supraglottic pathology, 0.695 (p < 0.001) for tracheal pathology, and 0.676 (p < 0.001) for bronchial pathology.
Conclusion
Airway fluoroscopy has poor sensitivity, but excellent specificity as a diagnostic test. Based on low ROC AUC values, airway fluoroscopy may not be a reliable screening test for the majority of stridulous patients; however, given its high specificity, low cost, and low risk profile it may be useful as an adjunct test in higher anesthetic risk populations or in patients where there is specific concern for tracheal or bronchial pathology.