bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical study and management of peritonitis secondary to perforated peptic ulcer
Authors: Rohit Dushyant Kumar , Verma R. S. , Pandey Grishmraj 
Published: July 2017

Background: Perforated peptic ulcer is the most common cause among all causes of gastrointestinal tract perforation which is an emergency condition of the abdomen that requires early recognition and timely surgical management. Peptic ulcer perforation is associated significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of study is to evaluate the incidence, clinical presentation, management and outcomes of the patient with peptic ulcer perforation undergoing emergency laparotomy.Methods: This retrospective study includes 45 patients who were operated for perforated peptic ulcer peritonitis at Bundelkhand Medical College and Associated Hospital, Sagar from March 2015 to April 2017. Paediatric patients of age less than 14 years, patients presenting as recurrent perforation were excluded from the study. A detailed history, clinical presentation and routine investigations were done in all cases.Results: In the present study, most of the patients were male. Most of these patients presents with clinical signs of peritonitis between 24-48 hours after onset of the pain. Among the patients of peptic ulcer perforation, duodenal perforation (93.3%) is more common and which is the most common cause of perforation peritonitis. The diagnosis is made clinically and confirmed by presence of gas under diaphragm on radiograph. Exploratory laparotomy with simple closure of perforation with omental patch was done in all cases. The most common post-operative complication was wound infection (57.5%). The overall mortality was 11.1%.Conclusions: Late presentation of peptic ulcer perforation is common with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical intervention with Graham’s omentopexy with broad spectrum antibiotics is still commonly practiced.
BLEED: a classification tool to predict outcomes in patients with upper and lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage
Authors: Huchchannavar Suresh , Puttannavar Girish , Hebsur Narayanchandra I. 
Published: July 2017

Background: Acute gastrointestinal (GI) haemorrhage is a common clinical problem with diverse manifestations. Such bleeding may range from trivial to massive and can originate from virtually any region of the GI tract, including the pancreas, liver, and biliary tree. Several risk scoring systems have also been proposed to classify patients into high and low risk groups for complications, like re-bleeding or mortality, based on multivariate analyses. Kollef and colleagues identified the BLEED criteria: (a) ongoing Bleeding, (b) Low systolic blood pressure (BP), (c) Elevated prothrombin time (PT), (d) Erratic mental status, and (e) unstable comorbid Disease as risk factors for complication of GIH at any time during hospitalization after an initial 24 hours of stabilization. The objective of this study was to predict outcome according to a risk stratification BLEED criterion, independent of endoscopic findings.Methods: We studied all patients who presented with acute gastrointestinal bleeding to emergency department. patients with epistaxis, paranasal sinuses bleed, upper GI bleed secondary to endoscopic procedure, patients with chronic Anemia and those patients which admitted with Primary diagnosis other than UGIB were excluded. Patients meeting the BLEED criteria at their initial assessment were classified as high risk (66) and all others were categorized as low-risk (10). In-hospital complications were defined as recurrent UGIB, surgery to control the source of hemorrhage, hospital mortality, length of hospital stay and units of blood transfused.Results: There were 76 patients, with mean age of 46.37 years, 56 patients (73.3%) were case of Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, 20 patients (26.7%) were case of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. 66 (86.84%) of patients were categorized as high-risk patients and 10(13.2%) of patients were categorized as low risk patients. 14(21.1%) of patients were admitted in ICU ,13 Patients had undergone surgery (17.10%), 1 (1.5%) of patient had Re bleeding, nine (13%) had died. Stastical analysis showed significant association between components like low SBP (P=0.008), elevated prothrombin time (P=0.04), erratic mental status(P=0.001) and in hospital complications. All nine deaths were found in high risk group.Conclusions: BLEED criteria can be used as triage tool for stratifying the patients of acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage into high risk and low risk category without endoscopic findings and useful in predicting outcome in such patients and plan the treatment accordingly.
An observational study of benign oral lesions in central India
Authors: Keche Prashant N. , Gadpayle Nishikant P. , Gawarle Surendra H. , Chamania Gaurav A. 
Published: July 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The oral mucosa serves as a protective barrier against trauma, pathogens and carcinogenic agents. It can be affected by a wide variety of lesions and conditions, some of which are harmless while others may have serious complications. The appearance of benign oral soft tissue masses can occasionally resemble malignant tumors. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Present study is an observational and cross sectional study under taken in the Department of ENT in Shri Vasant Rao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal. All cases of benign oral lesions were included in the study and following cases were excluded: malignant oral lesions, immunocompromised state and benign Oral lesions due to systemic diseases. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Present study included 235 lesions of oral cavity which were clinically or histo-pathologically found to be benign in nature.<strong> </strong>Benign oral lesions were more commonly found in males with (70.2%) than females (29.8%), and M:F ratio was 2.3:1. most common benign oral lesions were found to be Oral Sub Mucus Fibrosis (26.8%) followed by Apthous ulcers (20.4%), Leukoplakia (18.3%) and Mucocele (17.1%). Least common benign oral lesions were found to be Minor Salivary Gland Tumor (MSGT) (1.7%) followed by Squamous Papilloma (2.1%), Ranula (2.1%) and Hemangioma (2.1). There was a male predominance in oral sub mucus fibrosis with M:F ratio of 9.5:1 followed by Leukoplakia with M:F ratio of 4.4:1. OSMF was found most commonly in 21-30 years age group with (57.1%). Followed by 11-20 years with (20.6%). No cases were found in ≤10 years, 51-60 and &gt;60 years age group. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Most of the benign oral lesions have a predilection to transform into malignant lesions therefore imperative to diagnose the pre malignant lesions of oral cavity in an early stage where appropriate treatment can be given.</span></p>
ENSAIO ETNOGRÁFICO: EXPRESSÕES E ESCRITAS CAMPONESAS COMO LUGAR DA MEMÓRIA NAS BARRAGENS DE TUCURUÍ E BELO MONTE
Authors: Benassuly Matheus , Simões Aquiles , Magalhães Sônia 
Published: July 2017

Este ensaio etnográfico faz do uso da fotografia e da escrita de si (FOUCAULT, 1992a)os seus principais instrumentos à compreensão da realidade vivida pelos camponesessubmetidos a uma situação de injustiça socioambiental provocada pela construção das barragens de Tucuruí e Belo Monte, remarcando o lugar da memória (NORA, 1993) e da resistência frente a tal situação, vivida em momentos e em contextos distintos. As expressões da vida camponesa à jusante da Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí são evidenciadas nas imagens dosribeirinhos da comunidade Açaizal enquanto que as fotos dos escritos nos cadernos de LucimarBarros da Silva, ou simplesmente Lúcio, encarnam e anunciam a dor e o lamento deum camponês que vê seu modo de vida ameaçado pelo deslocamento compulsório incitado pela construção de Belo Monte, exatamente na área alagada pela barragem.
Agricultura familiar e estratégias de (des)envolvimento local: o caso de Espera Feliz-MG
Authors: Dias Marcelo Miná , Silva Márcio Gomes da 
Published: July 2017

Este estudo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada no município de Espera Feliz-MG ao longo de 2007. Seu objetivo foi elaborar uma análise sobre os fundamentos, as dinâmicas e condicionamentos históricos que envolvem a participação social dos agricultores, e ainda, sua constituição como atores políticos no Sindicato de Trabalhadores Rurais (STR), do município de Espera Feliz, Minas Gerais. Trata-se de uma primeira abordagem aproximativa que terá sequência em uma pesquisa a ser desenvolvida no Curso de Mestrado em Extensão Rural. A pesquisa utilizou como instrumentos a realização de entrevistas, a análise de documentos e a participação e observação de atividades do STR. Os resultados obtidos permitem apontar as características do atual processo de envolvimento dos agricultores familiares de Espera Feliz com o STR. Também foi possível compreender que as relações de envolvimento constituem para a ação do sindicato a favor do desenvolvimento local, orientado por princípios da agroecologia e da economia solidária. Por meio de suas ações indentificadas ao longo de estudo, pode-se inferir que a forma de desenvolvimento promovida pelo sindicato fundamenta-se em uma concepção de sustentabilidade por preconizar uma matriz tecnológica na qual o conhecimento, a cultura e os recursos locais são valorizados em detrimento da racionalidade econômica estrita e reducionista. Assim, as formas de promoção do desenvolvimento local no município de Espera Feliz, por meio do STR, se configuram a apartir de uma construção coletiva de estratégias, o que colabora para a consolidação de bases de cooperação nas quais se apóiam e interagem diversas organizações e atores sociais.
Indicadores de sustentabilidade na compreensão de processo de adaptação de agroecossistemas familiares
Authors: Carvalho João Paulo Leão de , Silva Luís Mauro Santos 
Published: July 2017

Utilizando o Marco de Avaliação de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturais IncorporandoIndicadores de Sustentabilidade (MESMIS), uma ferramenta para avaliação de sustentabilidade em agroecossistemas familiares baseado nos pressupostos da abordagem sistêmica, este trabalho buscou compreender como os agroecossistemas familiares se adaptam às mudanças no contexto socioeconômico no município de Curralinho, Marajó, Pará. Foram adaptados ao contexto estudado dez indicadores para avaliação da sustentabilidade de dezenove agroecossistemas familiares escolhidos de forma intencional. Após uma caracterização dos agroecossistemas familiares foi possível identificar duas distintas lógicas familiares: (i) uma lógica agroextrativista que mantém forte elemento extrativista, mais dependente do natural; e, (ii) outra lógica agroextrativista com maior inserção no mercado, apresentando maior intensificação de elementos técnicos produtivos. As diferentes lógicas são reflexos da adaptação dos agroecossistemas familiares ao atual contexto socioeconômico da região.
Árvore dos saberes: experiências compartilhadas em direitos humanos e educação
Authors: Oliveira Assis Da Costa , Pinho Vilma Aparecida de , Barreto Andréia Macedo 
Published: July 2017

Neste artigo, compartilhamos a experiência de prática docente realizada na disciplina “DireitosHumanos e Educação” ministrada no Curso de Etnodesenvolvimento da Universidade Federal doPará, que tem discentes oriundos de povos e comunidades tradicionais. Com base na pedagogia da alternância, estruturamos os conteúdos a serem ensinados nas aulas e construímos a árvore da educação, onde as raízes representaram os problemas; o tronco, os meios de superação; e a copa, as condições ideais ou soluções da educação escolar. As análises finais realizadas pelos discentes e docentes centraramse no currículo escolar, merenda/transporte escolar e políticas públicas direcionadas para as coletividades de pertença dos discentes.
Programa cuide da sua dor
Authors: Nieri Tâmara Maria 
Published: July 2017

A dor é o dilema mais complexo da saúde humana. Ela envolve fatores nociceptivos, ansiedade, desorganização social, distúrbio do sono, depressão, frustração e conflito com o cuidado oferecido pelos profissionais de saúde. A dor crônica afeta aproximadamente 20% da população dos países desenvolvidos, atingindo, o individuo, a economia e a sociedade em geral. Sua prevalência aumenta com a idade, acometendo, em indivíduos acima de 70 anos, 79% das mulheres e 53% dos homens. O tratamento, ao contrário do realizado para a dor aguda, não tem como objetivo remover a causa para obter a regressão total do sintoma, pois o que caracteriza a dor crônica é a persistência da dor após o tratamento da causa. A terapêutica deve focar a melhora da funcionalidade do individuo, controlando a intensidade e a frequência da dor. Nossa proposta foi criar e implantar um modelo de atenção multidisciplinar e multimodal, para o tratamento de pacientes com quadros de dor crônica musculoesquelética, integrando os diversos serviços do Cecom, proporcionando a atenção integral aos portadores desta afecção, visando a melhoria da qualidade de vida. Em outubro de 2015 iniciamos o programa CUIDE DE SUA DOR, com a implantação de um fluxo de atendimento específico para os pacientes portadores de dor crônica musculoesquelética, que prevê avaliação/acompanhamento do fisioterapeuta, consulta médica, terapia medicamentosa segundo protocolo específico e grupos de terapias complementares e auto cuidado. A avaliação preliminar apresenta resultados positivos, com melhora objetiva e subjetiva dos pacientes em acompanhamento, mostrando a efetividade terapêutica do método.
Recurrence of Hallux Valgus Can Be Predicted from Immediate Postoperative Non-Weight-Bearing Radiographs
Authors: Park Chul Hyun , Lee Woo-Chun 
Published: July 2017

Background:
The aims of this study were to identify risk factors for the recurrence of hallux valgus deformity and to clarify whether recurrence after surgery to treat hallux valgus can be predicted using radiographic parameters assessed on immediate postoperative non-weight-bearing radiographs.

Methods:
A proximal chevron osteotomy combined with a distal soft-tissue procedure was performed by a single surgeon to treat moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity in 93 patients (117 feet). The feet were grouped according to nonrecurrence or recurrence. Changes in the hallux valgus angle, the intermetatarsal angle, and sesamoid position over time were analyzed by comparing values measured during each postoperative period. The relative risks of recurrence as indicated by preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters were determined.

Results:
Twenty (17.1%) of the 117 feet showed hallux valgus recurrence at the time of the last follow-up. The hallux valgus angle and the intermetatarsal angle stabilized at 6 months after surgery in the nonrecurrence group. An immediate postoperative hallux valgus angle of ≥8°, an immediate postoperative sesamoid position of grade 4 or greater, a preoperative metatarsus adductus angle of ≥23°, and a preoperative hallux valgus angle of ≥40° were significantly associated with recurrence.

Conclusions:
Recurrence of hallux valgus after a proximal chevron osteotomy can be reliably predicted from immediate postoperative non-weight-bearing radiographs.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Treatment of Displaced Midshaft Clavicle Fractures: Figure-of-Eight Harness Versus Anterior Plate Osteosynthesis
Authors: Tamaoki Marcel Jun Sugawara , Matsunaga Fabio Teruo , Costa Adelmo Rezende Ferreira da , Netto Nicola Archetti , Matsumoto Marcelo Hide , Belloti Joao Carlos 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Most midshaft clavicle fractures affect the economically active population, which is negatively impacted by transient limb impairment during the treatment. There is still debate about the advantages and disadvantages of surgical treatment for these fractures.

Methods:
In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 117 patients were allocated to 1 of 2 groups: nonsurgical treatment with a figure-of-eight harness or surgical treatment with anteroinferior plate osteosynthesis. The primary outcome was upper-limb limitation measured with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire at 6 months. Other outcomes included pain, radiographic findings, satisfaction with the cosmetic result, complications, and time to return to previous work and activities. Participants were assessed at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year after the intervention.

Results:
No difference between the 2 groups was detected in the DASH score at any time point (p = 0.398, 0.403, and 0.877 at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year, respectively), pain levels measured with a visual analogue scale (VAS), time to return to previous activities, or dissatisfaction with the cosmetic result. Seven patients (14.9%) developed nonunion after nonsurgical treatment, a nonunion rate that was significantly higher than that in the surgical group, in which all fractures had healed (p = 0.004). The patients in the nonsurgical group had radiographic evidence of greater clavicle shortening (p < 0.001) and more of the patients in that group answered “yes” when asked if their clavicle felt short (p < 0.001) and if they felt bone prominence (p < 0.001). More patients answered “yes” when asked if they felt paresthesia in the surgical group (7; 13.7%) than in the nonsurgical group (1; 2.1%) (p = 0.036).

Conclusions:
This study did not demonstrate a difference in limb function between patients who underwent surgical treatment and those nonsurgically treated for a dislocated midshaft clavicle fracture. Meanwhile, surgical treatment decreased the likelihood of nonunion.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Inadvertent Harvest of the Median Nerve Instead of the Palmaris Longus Tendon
Authors: Leslie Bruce M. , Osterman A. Lee , Wolfe Scott W. 
Published: July 2017

Background:The palmaris longus tendon is frequently used as a tendon graft or ligament replacement. In rare instances the median nerve has been inadvertently harvested instead of the palmaris longus for use as a tendon.Methods:Nineteen cases in which the median nerve had been mistakenly harvested instead of the palmaris longus tendon were collected from members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH) Listserve. Surgeons involved in the subsequent care of the subject who had had an inadvertent harvest were contacted or the chart was reviewed. The reason for the initial procedure, the skill level of the primary surgeon, and when the inadvertent harvest was recognized were documented. When possible, the method of harvest and subsequent treatment were also documented.Results:The most common initial procedure was a reconstruction of the elbow ulnar collateral ligament, followed by basal joint arthroplasty, tendon reconstruction, and reconstruction of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint. Only 7 of the inadvertent harvests were recognized intraoperatively; in the remaining 12 cases the nerve was used as a tendon graft. The sensory loss was not recognized as being due to the inadvertent harvest until the first postoperative visit (2 subjects), 3 to 4 weeks (2 subjects), 2 to 3 months (2 subjects), 5 to 7 months (2 subjects), 1 year (1 subject), 3 years (1 subject), or 10 years (1 subject). Preoperative clinical identification of the presence or absence of a palmaris longus did not necessarily prevent an inadvertent harvest.Conclusions:Knowledge of the relevant anatomy is crucial to avoiding inadvertent harvest of the median nerve instead of the palmaris longus tendon.
miR-149 as a Potential Molecular Target for Cancer
Authors: Ow Suet H. , Chua Pei J. , Bay Boon H. 
Published: July 2017

Background:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are frequently dysregulated in cancers and
serve as attractive targets for prognostication and therapeutic applications. Besides cancer, the
biological functions of miR-149 have been studied in various diseases. This review aims to
summarize the reports available in the literature, regarding miR-149 as a molecular target for
cancer therapeutics.

Methods:
An extensive literature search was conducted using the Pubmed database to sieve
out articles related to the roles of miR-149 in carcinogenesis and cancer progression, and
potential miRNA-based therapies. A total of 89 publications were selected for inclusion in
this review.

Results:
Depending on the cancer type, miR-149 can behave either as a tumor suppressor or
as an ‘onco-miR' that promotes tumorigenesis and cancer spread, suggesting that this miRNA
has diverse functions. Potential miRNA-based therapies include the use of miRNA mimics,
miRNA inhibitors, demethylating agents and circular RNAs.

Conclusion:
Although targeting miRNA is an attractive anti-cancer strategy, not all cancers
can be treated by the same miRNA-based strategy. A comprehensive understanding of
miRNA regulatory mechanism is also necessary to improve the design of miRNA-based
therapeutics and there is a need for safe and efficient delivery methods when using this approach
for anti-cancer treatment.
Effects of Bonded Tyres on Leachate Recirculation of Bioreactor Landfills
Authors: Zhang Huijie , Heng Jie , Jeng Dongsheng , Xu Haixia 
Published: July 2017

Introduction:
In bioreactor landfills, leachate recirculation significantly influences the process of stabilization and the stability of slope.

Method:
To speed up the leachate recirculation and reduce its adverse impact on slope stability, this paper proposes a new method which constructs a spatial net consisted of bonded whole tyres in the municipal waste during landfilling.

Results and Conclusion:
In this study, a numerical two-permeability flow model was used to investigate the effects of tyres embedding on the outflow rate of leachate injection. Furthermore, it was coupled with momentum balance equations to determine the local factor of safety of slope stability. The established model was applied to a simplified bioreactor landfill. The simulation results demonstrated that the tyre net can accelerate the rate of leachate injection and contribute to distribute the liquid more uniformly. Meanwhile, the slope stability was improved due to the enforcement of waste in the presence of tyres.
UNMANNED IMAGE NARRATION
Authors: Vp Sangavi , Saleena B 
Published: July 2017

Image analysis and understanding is used in various fields such as satellite imaging, robotic technologies, medical imaging, defense[G1] etc. Image analysis is the process which involves extraction of meaningful information from images.Image annotation is the process of adding metadata to the image. The meaningful information is extracted based on the metadata available with the image. This research aims at understanding the input image and describing it to the user. The input image is segmented. The segments are annotated based on its properties like color, shapes in it. The segment annotations are collected and processed to get the overall meaning of the image. This research would improve image search, inform the user about the image even if the image is not displayed due to compatibility issues, and it is unmanned - no human assistance required to understand and display the image contents. [G2] [G3]