bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-Dependent Linear Theory for the Generation of Poleward Undercurrents on Eastern Boundaries
Authors: Samelson R. M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA time-dependent, inviscid, linear theory for the generation of poleward undercurrent flow under upwelling conditions along midlatitude ocean eastern boundaries is proposed. The theory relies on a conceptual separation of time scales between the rapid, coastal-trapped wave response to upwelling winds and the subsequent slow, interior, quasigeostrophic evolution. Solutions are obtained under idealized conditions in which the coastal boundary and the continental-slope topography are uniform alongshore, and the time-dependent wind-stress forcing is applied over a limited meridional range, uniform cross-shore, and directed alongshore. A time-dependent coastal boundary condition on the slow-time-scale interior flow, consisting of the low-frequency, geostrophically balanced sea surface height disturbance over the outer shelf, is obtained from consideration of the fast-time-scale, coastal-trapped response. A quasigeostrophic potential vorticity equation is then solved to determine the interior response to this time-dependent boundary condition. Under upwelling conditions, the results show the formation of a localized region of subsurface poleward flow over the upper continental slope that is qualitatively consistent in amplitude, location, and timing with observations of poleward undercurrents on eastern boundaries. Despite its origin as a sea surface height anomaly, the coastal-boundary condition drives a baroclinic planetary wave response, in which the poleward subsurface flow evolves in planetary vorticity balance with induced subsurface upwelling.
An Inverse Problem Approach for the Retrieval of Ice Particle Mass from In Situ Measurements
Authors: Coutris Pierre , Leroy Delphine , Fontaine Emmanuel , Schwarzenboeck Alfons 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMass–dimensional relationships have been published for decades to characterize the microphysical properties of ice cloud particles. Classical retrieval methods employ a simplifying assumption that restricts the form of the mass–dimensional relationship to a power law, an assumption that was proved inaccurate in recent studies. In this paper, a nonstandard approach that leverages optimal use of in situ measurements to remove the power-law constraint is presented. A model formulated as a linear system of equations relating ice particle mass to particle size distribution (PSD) and ice water content (IWC) is established, and the mass retrieval process consists of solving the inverse problem with numerical optimization algorithms. First, the method is applied to a synthetic crystal dataset in order to validate the selected algorithms and to tune the regularization strategy. Subsequently, the method is applied to in situ measurements collected during the High Altitude Ice Crystal–High Ice Water Content field campaigns. Preliminary results confirm the method is efficient at retrieving size-dependent masses from real data despite a significant amount of noise: the IWC values calculated from the retrieved masses are in good agreement with reference IWC measurements (errors on the order of 10%–15%). The possibility to retrieve ice particle size–dependent masses combined with the flexibility left for sorting datasets as a function of parameters such as cloud temperature, cloud type, or convective index makes this approach well suited for studying ice cloud microphysical properties.
External Auditory Canal Foreign Body Extraction Outcomes
Authors: Karimnejad Kaveh , Nelson Erik J. , Rohde Rebecca L. , Costa Dary J. 
Published: September 2017

Objectives: To compare pediatric external auditory canal (EAC) foreign body extraction outcomes by clinical setting and identify factors predictive of successful removal. Methods: Retrospective review of pediatric patients with EAC foreign bodies to a single institution emergency department (ED) and otolaryngology clinic (OTO) between January 2010 and April 2015. Patient characteristics, foreign body type, removal attempts, instrumentation utilized, and complications were evaluated with respect to clinical setting and patient outcome. Results: In all, 1197 patients with EAC foreign bodies were identified, 759 (63%) of whom presented primarily to the ED. Successful removal was achieved in OTO in 92.9% of cases and the ED in 67.9% of cases. Beads and spherical objects had the overall lowest rates of successful removal. Likelihood of removal decreased significantly after one unsuccessful attempt. Complications were reported in 35.7% of patients undergoing removal in the ED and 5.0% of patients undergoing removal in the otolaryngology clinic. Conclusions: Patients commonly present to the ED for removal of EAC foreign bodies. Referral to an otolaryngologist is recommended if the object is spherical or after one unsuccessful attempt at removal.
The use of thoracic stent grafts for endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Bastiaenen VP , Snoeijs MGJ , Blomjous JGAM , Bosma J , Leijdekkers VJ , van Nieuwenhuizen RC , Vahl AC 
Published: September 2017

Objectives Stent grafts for endovascular repair of infrarenal aneurysms are commercially available for aortic necks up to 32 mm in diameter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of endovascular repair with large thoracic stent grafts in the infrarenal position to obtain adequate proximal seal in wider necks. Methods All patients who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair using thoracic stent grafts with diameters greater than 36 mm between 2012 and 2016 were included. Follow-up consisted of CT angiography after six weeks and annual duplex thereafter. Results Eleven patients with wide infrarenal aortic necks received endovascular repair with thoracic stent grafts. The median diameter of the aneurysms was 60 mm (range 52–78 mm) and the median aortic neck diameter was 37 mm (range 28–43 mm). Thoracic stent grafts were oversized by a median of 14% (range 2–43%). On completion angiography, one type I and two type II endoleaks were observed but did not require reintervention. One patient experienced graft migration with aneurysm sac expansion and needed conversion to open repair. Median follow-up time was 14 months (range 2–53 months), during which three patients died, including one aneurysm-related death. Conclusions Endovascular repair using thoracic stent grafts for patients with wide aortic necks is feasible. In these patients, the technique may be a reasonable alternative to complex endovascular repair with fenestrated, branched, or chimney grafts. However, more experience and longer follow-up are required to determine its position within the endovascular armamentarium.
Generalised joint hypermobility and neurodevelopmental traits in a non-clinical adult population
Authors: Glans Martin , Bejerot Susanne , Humble Mats B. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundGeneralised joint hypermobility (GJH) is reportedly overrepresented among clinical cases of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD). It is unknown if these associations are dimensional and, therefore, also relevant among non-clinical populations.AimsTo investigate if GJH correlates with sub-syndromal neurodevelopmental symptoms in a normal population.MethodHakim-Grahame's 5-part questionnaire (5PQ) on GJH, neuropsychiatric screening scales measuring ADHD and ASD traits, and a DCD-related question concerning clumsiness were distributed to a non-clinical, adult, Swedish population (n=1039).ResultsIn total, 887 individuals met our entry criteria. We found no associations between GJH and sub-syndromal symptoms of ADHD, ASD or DCD.ConclusionsAlthough GJH is overrepresented in clinical cases with neurodevelopmental disorders, such an association seems absent in a normal population. Thus, if GJH serves as a biomarker cutting across diagnostic boundaries, this association is presumably limited to clinical populations.
Perceptions and knowledge of antipsychotics among mental health professionals and patients
Authors: Cahling Lindah , Berntsson Anders , Bröms Gabriella , Öhrmalm Lars 
Published: October 2017

Aims and methodTo assess the patients' most influential concerns regarding long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) and mental health professionals' preconceptions about these concerns. For both groups, to assess the level of knowledge about LAIs. This cross-sectional study used semi-structured interviews of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (n = 164), nurses (n = 43) and physicians (n = 20).ResultsThe mental health professionals overestimated many of the patients' fears of LAIs, and the expressed fears exceeded the actual experiences of patients already on LAIs. Acceptance to switch to LAIs was associated with shorter time from diagnosis. Nurses and patients disclosed limited knowledge of antipsychotics.Clinical implicationsPhysicians and nurses should aim to identify the individual patient's concerns about LAIs in the discussion about choice of antipsychotic treatment early in the course of illness.
Kindlin supports platelet integrin αIIbβ3 activation by interacting with paxillin
Authors: Gao Juan , Huang Ming , Lai Jingjing , Mao Kaijun , Sun Peisen , Cao Zhongyuan , Hu Youpei , Zhang Yingying , Schulte Marie L. , Jin Chaozhi , Wang Jian , White Gilbert C. , Xu Zhen , Ma Yan-Qing 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Kindlins play an important role in supporting integrin activation by cooperating with talin; however, the mechanistic details remain unclear. Here, we show that kindlins interacted directly with paxillin and that this interaction could support integrin αIIbβ3 activation. An exposed loop in the N-terminal F0 subdomain of kindlins was involved in mediating the interaction. Disruption of kindlin binding to paxillin by structure-based mutations significantly impaired the function of kindlins in supporting integrin αIIbβ3 activation. Both kindlin and talin were required for paxillin to enhance integrin activation. Interestingly, a direct interaction between paxillin and the talin head domain was also detectable. Mechanistically, paxillin, together with kindlin, was able to promote the binding of the talin head domain to integrin, suggesting that paxillin complexes with kindlin and talin to strengthen integrin activation. Specifically, we observed that crosstalk between kindlin-3 and the paxillin family in mouse platelets was involved in supporting integrin αIIbβ3 activation and in vivo platelet thrombus formation. Taken together, our findings uncover a novel mechanism by which kindlin supports integrin αIIbβ3 activation, which might be beneficial for developing safer anti-thrombotic therapies.
Barriers deterring patient advocacy in a Saudi Arabian critical care setting
Authors: Mortell Manfred , Abdullah Khatijah L , Ahmad Chean 
Published: September 2017

Aim:To explore the perceptions of patient advocacy among Saudi Arabian intensive care unit (ICU) nurses.Background:Despite advocacy being a crucial role for nurses, its scope is often limited in clinical practice. Although numerous studies have identified barriers to patient advocacy, their recommendations for resolution were unclear.Method:The study employed a constructivist grounded theory methodology, with 13 Saudi Arabian registered nurses, working in critical care, in a tertiary academic teaching hospital. Semi-structured interviews, with broad open-ended questions, and reflective participant journals were used to collect data. All interviews were concurrently analysed and transcribed verbatim.Results:Gender, culture, education, subjugation, communal patronage, organisational support and repercussions, and role-associated risks were all revealed as factors affecting their ability to act as advocates for critically ill patients.Conclusion:Saudi Arabian ICU nurses in the study believed that advocacy is problematic. Despite attempting to advocate for their patients, they are unable to act to an optimal level, instead choosing avoidance of the potential risks associated with the role, or confrontation, which often had undesirable outcomes. Patient advocacy from a Saudi Arabian nursing perspective is contextually complex, controversial and remains uncertain. Further research is needed to ensure patient safety is supported by nurses as effective advocates.
O Coaching como Ferramenta na Formação de Liderança nas Organizações Comerciais: Estudo de Caso em uma Empresa de Juazeiro do Norte
Authors: Luna Matheus De Medeiros , Almeida Neto José Leandro , Maranhão Thércia Lucena Grangeiro , Souza Franscisca Laudeci Martins 
Published: October 2017

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo conhecer a importância do Coaching como ferramenta no desenvolvimento da liderança, bem como a aplicação de processos de Coaching no âmbito organizacional e como a liderança e o Coaching estão interligados. Buscando entender como esses procedimentos podem auxilia no desenvolvimento de competências das organizações. Será feito um estudo de caso em uma dada empresa na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, composta por 26 funcionários. A empresa já existiu há 10 anos, retornando no mês de outubro de 2012. Tendo por volta de três anos e meio de existência. Nessa empresa existem práticas de treinamento para os gerentes, tanto on-line quanto presenciais, a fim de desenvolver os gerentes para que possa treinar a equipe. Quanto às bases lógicas de investigação, método da pesquisa foi hipotético dedutivo. Será aplicado um questionário para os colaboradores e entrevista para o gestor. Ao realizar o trabalho foram utilizadas pesquisas bibliográficas, textos em sites e artigos científicos. Ao término do trabalho ficou comprovado que o Coaching é considerada ferramenta de auxílio de liderança, potencializando assim as habilidades e maximização de resultados.
Kallmann syndrome and ichthyosis: a case of contiguous gene deletion syndrome
Authors: Berges-Raso Irene , Giménez-Palop Olga , Gabau Elisabeth , Capel Ismael , Caixàs Assumpta , Rigla Mercedes 
Published: September 2017

SummaryKallmann syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous form of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism caused by gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency and characterized by anosmia or hyposmia due to hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs; osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome can develop due to longstanding untreated hypogonadism. Kallmann syndrome affects 1 in 10 000 men and 1 in 50 000 women. Defects in 17 genes, includingKAL1, have been implicated. Kallmann syndrome can be associated with X-linked ichthyosis, a skin disorder characterized by early onset dark, dry, irregular scales affecting the limb and trunk, caused by a defect of the steroid sulfatase gene (STS). BothKAL1andSTSare located in the Xp22.3 region; therefore, deletions in this region cause a contiguous gene syndrome. We report the case of a 32-year-old man with ichthyosis referred for evaluation of excessive height (2.07 m) and weight (BMI: 29.6 kg/m2), microgenitalia and absence of secondary sex characteristics. We diagnosed Kallmann syndrome with ichthyosis due to a deletion in Xp22.3, a rare phenomenon.Learning points:Kallmann syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia or hyposmia associated with defects in the production or action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs.Several genes have been implicated in Kallmann syndrome, includingKAL1, located in the Xp22.3 region, which is responsible for X-linked Kallmann syndrome.KAL1encodes the protein anosmin-1. X-linked ichthyosis is caused by deficiency of the steroid sulfatase enzyme, encoded bySTS, which is also located in the Xp22.3 region. Deletions involving this region can affect both genes and result in contiguous gene syndromes.Phenotype can guide clinicians toward suspicion of a specific genetic mutation.KAL1mutations are mostly related to microgenitalia, unilateral renal agenesis and synkinesia, although patients need not present all these abnormalities.Longstanding untreated hypogonadism is associated with poor sexual health, osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome with the concomitant risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.Treatment aims to promote the development of secondary sex characteristics, build and sustain normal bone and muscle mass and restore fertility. Treatment can also help minimize some psychological consequences.Treatments available for patients with congenital GnRH deficiency such as Kallmann syndrome include gonadal steroid hormones, human gonadotropins and GnRH. The choice of therapy depends on the goal or goals.
Métodos para medir la riqueza léxica de los textos. Revisión y propuesta
Authors: Torruella Casañas Joan , Capsada Blanch Ramon 
Published: September 2017

Con el presente trabajo se pretende hacer una revisión extensa de los diferentes métodos existentes para medir la riqueza léxica de textos y hacer una propuesta para su aplicación a un corpus textual. En primer lugar, se da una visión de los principales índices existentes para cuantificar la riqueza léxica, explicando cómo están definidos y evaluando sus fortalezas y sus debilidades a partir de actividades de carácter experimental. En segundo lugar, se plantea una propuesta de metodología de medición de la riqueza léxica para poderse utilizar en todo un corpus textual, de manera que se puedan establecer comparaciones entre textos y constituir una clasificación pautada del grado de riqueza léxica de cada uno de ellos dentro del conjunto del corpus.
Integration of EGFR and LIN-12/Notch Signaling by LIN-1/Elk1, the Cdk8 Kinase Module, and SUR-2/Med23 in Vulval Precursor Cell Fate Patterning in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Underwood Ryan S , Deng Yuting , Greenwald Iva 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Six initially equivalent, multipotential Vulval Precursor Cells (VPCs) in Caenorhabditis elegans adopt distinct cell fates in a precise spatial pattern, with each fate associated with transcription of different target genes. The pattern is centered on a cell that adopts the “1°” fate through Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) activity, and produces a lateral signal composed of ligands that activate LIN-12/Notch in the two flanking VPCs to cause them to adopt “2°” fate. Here, we investigate orthologs of a transcription complex that acts in mammalian EGFR signaling—lin-1/Elk1, sur-2/Med23, and the Cdk8 Kinase module (CKM)—previously implicated in aspects of 1° fate in C. elegans and show they act in different combinations for different processes for 2° fate. When EGFR is inactive, the CKM, but not SUR-2, helps to set a threshold for LIN-12/Notch activity in all VPCs. When EGFR is active, all three factors act to resist LIN-12/Notch, as revealed by the reduced ability of ectopically-activated LIN-12/Notch to activate target gene reporters. We show that overcoming this resistance in the 1° VPC leads to repression of lateral signal gene reporters, suggesting that resistance to LIN-12/Notch helps ensure that P6.p becomes a robust source of the lateral signal. In addition, we show that sur-2/Med23 and lin-1/Elk1, and not the CKM, are required to promote endocytic downregulation of LIN-12-GFP in the 1° VPC. Finally, our analysis using cell fate reporters reveals that both EGFR and LIN-12/Notch signal transduction pathways are active in all VPCs in lin-1/Elk1 mutants, and that lin-1/Elk1 is important for integrating EGFR and lin-12/Notch signaling inputs in the VPCs so that the proper gene complement is transcribed.
Tra-2 Mediates Cross-Talk Between Sex Determination and Wing Polyphenism in Female Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Zhuo Ji-Chong , Lei Chen , Shi Ji-Kai , Xu Nan , Xue Wen-Hua , Zhang Meng-Qiu , Ren Ze-Wei , Zhang Hou-Hong , Zhang Chuan-Xi 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Sexual dimorphism and wing polyphenism are important and evolutionarily conserved features of many insect species. In this article, we found a cross-talk linking sexual differentiation with wing polyphenism in the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (order: Hemiptera). Knockdown of the sex determination gene Transformer-2 in N. lugens (NlTra-2) in nymph caused females to develop into infertile pseudomales containing undeveloped ovaries. Whereas males treated with dsNlTra-2 exhibited normal morphology, but lost fertility. Knockdown of NlTra-2 in adult females (maternal RNAi) resulted in long-winged female offspring, indicating that maternal RNAi changed the wing morphs in female offspring. In addition, silencing of NlTra-2 down-regulated the expression of the forkhead transcription factor FoxO (NlFoxO), and simultaneously up-regulated the expression of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K)-protein kinase B (NlAkt), the two critical genes in the insulin signaling pathway. Furthermore, the long-winged effect caused by maternal dsNlTra-2 RNAi could be reversed by silencing of NlInR1 and NlAkt, leading to short-winged morphs. We propose that there is a cross-talk between the sexual differentiation and wing polyphenism pathways mediated by NlTra-2 during embryonic stages.
The impact of allergic rhinitis on quality of life: a study in western Iran
Authors: Kalmarzi Rasoul Nasiri , Khazaei Zaher , Shahsavar Jafar , Gharibi Fardin , Tavakol Marzieh , Khazaei Salman , Shariat Mansoureh 
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Chronic diseases, due to their prolonged and debilitating nature, dramatically affect patient quality of life. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common chronic diseases. The present study aimed to determine quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis in Western Iran.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 146 patients with AR were enrolled in this study. The required data were collected using the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ). The questionnaire was distributed among the patients by a physician and analysis of data was carried out by SPSS version 16.
Results: Of the total of 146 AR patients admitted to the clinic, 61% were female and 39% were male; the mean age was 29±10.17. Rhinorrhea (82.2%) was the most common symptom, and moderate to severe intermittent rhinitis (38.4%) was the most common type of the disease. A dramatic reduction in quality of life was observed in 62% of the patients, and the severity of the disease significantly reduced the quality of life (P=0.000).
Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis can adversely affect every aspect of a patient's life, including sleep quality, mood and daily activities.
Physiological and psychological correlates of attention-related body sensations (tingling and warmth)
Authors: Tihanyi BT , Köteles F 
Published: September 2017

Body sensations play an essential role in the subjective evaluation of our physical health, illness, and healing. They are impacted by peripheral somatic and external processes, but they are also heavily modulated by mental processes, e.g., attention, motor control, and emotion. Body sensations, such as tingling, numbness, pulse, and warmth, can emerge due to simply focusing attention on a body part. It is however an open question, if these sensations are connected with actual peripheral changes or happen “only in the mind.” Here, we first tested whether the intensity of such attention-related body sensations is related to autonomic and somatomotor physiological processes and to psychological traits. In this study, attention-related body sensations were not significantly connected to changes in physiology, except warmth sensation, which was linked to decrease in muscle tension. Overall intensity of tingling significantly correlated with body awareness and tendentiously with body–mind practice. This strengthened the hypothesis that attention-related body sensations are more the result of top–down functions, and the connection with peripheral processes is weak. Here, we suggested a novel protocol to examine the effect of manipulating attention on body sensations, which together with our results and discussion can inspire future researches.