bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Couroupita guianensis Aubl.based on RAPD Marker
Authors: P Santosh , Arakera Suresh B. 
Published: June 2017

<p> <strong><em>Couroupita guianensis</em> Aubl. Commonly known as cannon ball tree, belongs to family Lecythidaceae and widely used in Chinese medicine. C. guianensis is being threatened due to habitat destruction in its native range for human settlement and other development related activities. Native populations of C. guianensis were collected from different locations of the India states and characterized through. To study the genetic diversity of C. guianensis populations we performed RAPD – PCR with several primers. The results are revealed in this study.</strong></p>
Investigation of trap efficiency of retention dams
Authors: Parsaie Abbas , Ememgholizadeh Samad , Haghiabi Amir Hamzeh , Moradinejad Amir 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this paper, the trap efficiency (TE) of retention dams was investigated using laboratory experiments. To map the relation between TE and involved parameters, artificial intelligence (AI) methods including artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and support vector machine (SVM) were utilized. Results of experiments indicated that the range of TE varies between 30 and 98%; hence, this structure can be recommended to control sediment transport in watershed management plans. Experimental results showed that by increasing the longitudinal slope of streams, TE decreases. This finding was observed for Vf/Vs parameter, as well. By increasing the mean diameter grain size (D50) and specific gravity of sediments (Gs), TE increases. Results of all applied AI models demonstrated that all of them have suitable performance; however, the minimum data dispersivity was observed in SVM outcomes. It is notable that the best performance of transfer, membership and kernel functions were related to tansig, gaussmf and radial basis function (RBF) for ANN, SVM and ANFIS, respectively.
Inactivation of Bacillus Spores in Wash Waters Using Dilute Chlorine Bleach Solutions at Different Temperatures and pH Levels
Authors: Gallardo Vicente J. , Schupp Donald A. , Heckman John L. , Krishnan E. Radha , Rice Eugene W. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT: Inactivation of Bacillus globigii spores in wash water was studied to simulate chlorine inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores in water generated during biological cleanups. Eight waters were studied, with six containing detergent. Chlorine levels were approximately 3000 mg/L. Results across different waters showed decreasing inactivation with increasing pH. Inactivation did not appear to be influenced by chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, turbidity, or dissolved solids. Inactivation efficacy was expressed as the time calculated to yield 6 log10 inactivation at 3000 mg NaOCl/L. This time ranged from 5 to 51 minutes at ~21 °C and from 11 to 209 minutes at ~5 °C. For one wash water, inactivation was conducted when there was no pH adjustment, and when the pH was buffered at 7 and 8. Inactivation in these buffered waters was rapid, but inactivation decreased sharply at a pH above ~9.3.
General Fate Model for Microconstituents in an Activated Sludge System
Authors: Banihashemi Bahman , Droste Ronald L. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT: Nine laboratory‐scale continuous flow porous‐pot bioreactors, operating at various solids retention times (SRT) and hydraulic retention times, were used to simulate activated sludge systems, and to evaluate biodegradation kinetic models for the fate of 17α‐ethinylestradiol (EE2), bisphenol‐A (BPA), and triclosan (TCS) at the μg/L range. Mathematical models were applied to describe the degradation mechanism of selected microconstituents and the pseudo‐second‐order model was found to best fit the results when active microconstituent degraders (XC) were used (r2 = 0.99). The result of XC estimation showed that SRT plays an important role in formation of the biomass capable of degrading selected microconstituents. It is also observed that microconstituent degraders are naturally present in an activated sludge system, even at low SRTs; however, the concentration of XC is dependent on SRT. It seems that biodegradation studies should incorporate XC, and not mixed liquor suspended solids concentration, in their kinetic formulations.
A historiografia e a filosofia: os parágrafos introdutórios da obra de Salústio - dicotomia entre corpo e alma
Authors: Borges Marlene Lessa Vergilio 
Published: June 2017

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>É muito discutida a passagem do capítulo IX</span><span>1 </span><span>da <em>Poética</em> em que Aristóteles fala sobre a diferença entre poesia e história afirmando que “a poesia é algo de mais filosófico e mais sério do que a história...”. A justificativa é que a poesia refere o universal, enquanto a história trata do particular; assim, o que é geral pode ser objeto de reflexão filosófica, o que é particular, não. Aristóteles considera objeto da poesia, por exemplo, a ação que uma categoria de homens realiza em determinadas circunstâncias. Já o que Alcibíades fez ou o que lhe aconteceu, não é objeto da poesia. </span></p></div></div></div>
Pégase d’Eleuthères: d’une légende de transmission tardive au mythe étiologique «re-enacted»
Authors: Bacelar Agatha Pitombo 
Published: June 2017

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Este artigo pretende mostrar as operações através das quais os estudiosos da religiao grega fizeram da lenda de Pégaso de Eleutera o mito etiologico das Grandes Dionisíacas. A análise dos principais textos antigos que relacionam essa lenda à figura de Dioniso Eleutereu permite evidenciar a as operações de configuraçao e modelizaçao dos testemunhos antigos através da categoria operatoria de aition. Em um segundo momento, o artigo propõe outros argumentos que reforcem as hipotese da lenda de Pégaso como aition. </span></p></div></div></div>
A construção do ethos do orador no Pro Milone de Cícero
Authors: Lessa Vergílio Borges Marlene 
Published: June 2017

<div class="page" title="Page 7"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>O poder de persuasão do ethos do orador é reconhecido tanto na tradição retórica grega como na latina. Mas é na prática oratória romana que a utilização do <em>ethos</em> como fonte de persuasão se torna proeminente. Com base na teoria de Cícero sobre o <em>ethos</em>, desenvolvida no <em>De oratore</em>, II, 182-184, procuramos, neste trabalho, realizar um estudo da representação do <em>ethos</em> do orador no discurso <em>Pro Milone</em>, analisando os procedimentos retóricos empregados nesse processo. </span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p><span>The power of the orator’s </span><span>ethos is recognized both in Greek and Latin rhetorical tradition. Yet, it is in the Roman oratorical practice that the use of the ethos as a source of persuasion stands out. Based on the Ciceronian theory concerning the ethos, exposed in the De Oratore, II, 182-</span><span>184, we aim to study in this paper the representation of the speaker’s </span><span>ethos </span><span>in Cicero’s </span><span>Pro Milone, analyzing the rhetorical procedures applied to this process. </span></p><p><span><strong>Keywords:</strong> Ethos; Cicero; Pro Milone; rhetoric; Roman oratory. </span></p></div></div></div><p><span><br /></span></p></div></div></div>
A mimesis nos Livros III e X da República de Platão
Authors: Andrade Maronna Helena 
Published: June 2017

<div class="page" title="Page 22"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar a questão da <em>mimesis</em> na <em>República</em> de Platão; que o leva a banir a poesia de sua cidade ideal e o porquê deste ataque. No início da <em>República</em> Platão aparenta assumir uma posição branda em relação à poesia imitativa, mas ao longo da obra a sua censura vai tornando-se cada vez mais violenta até culminar com o banimento do poeta de sua cidade ideal. Quando Platão desvela o seu maior ataque à poesia no Livro X, muita discussão já foi feita acerca da educação da cidade ideal e do cidadão ideal; paralelo entre o todo e a parte que Platão estabelece durante toda a exposição de sua doutrina. Apoiando-nos na crítica moderna sobre tal problemática pretendemos obter uma visão mais abrangente sobre os estudos da mimesis retratada nos Livros III e X da <em>República</em> de Platão.</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><strong>Mimesis in Book 3 and 10 of Plato’s Republic </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p><span>The present study aims to investigate the question of the mimesis </span><span>in Plato’s </span><span>Republic, what motivates him to banish the poetry of its ideal city and the reasons of this attack. At the beginning of the Republic, Plato seems to assume a lenient position on the imitative poetry, but throughout the dialogue his censorship becomes increasingly violent until culminating with the banishment of the poet from its ideal city. When Plato evinces his major attack against the poetry in Book X, much discussion had already been made concerning the ideal </span><span>city’s education and the ideal citizen by the parallel between the whole and the part that </span><span>Plato establishes during the entire exposition of his doctrines. With the support of the modern critics about such problematic, we intend to get a more including understanding of the studies of mimesis </span><span>in Books III and X of Plato’s </span><span>Republic. </span></p><p><span><strong>Keywords:</strong> Ancient Philosophy, Plato, Republic, mimesis. </span></p></div></div></div><p><span><br /></span></p></div></div></div>
Um estudo dos procedimentos ecfrásticos
Authors: Rodolpho Melina 
Published: June 2017

<div class="page" title="Page 102"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>A finalidade da presente pesquisa é estudar alguns recursos que servem tanto à retórica como à poética sob o prisma dos mecanismos que permitem produzir imagens verbais; entramos, portanto, em uma questão muito difundida na Antiguidade: trata-se da relação entre as artes verbais e as visuais. Os procedimentos inicialmente selecionados foram a écfrase (<em>ékphrasis</em>) e a enargia (<em>enárgeia</em>). No entanto, no decorrer desse estudo, observamos outros dispositivos retóricos que produzem o mesmo efeito de visualização de imagens ausentes por meio da descrição verbal. Há ainda a discussão acerca da nomenclatura, pois o mesmo efeito é designado por diferentes termos, demonstrando a diversidade de </span><span>procedimentos que permitem produzir um discurso “visual” por meio da linguagem verbal. </span><span>A pesquisa não se restringe ao campo teórico, uma vez que a leitura e análise de excertos de algumas obras da Antiguidade servem como base para fundamentar as conclusões. </span></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><strong>A Study of Ecfrastic Procedures </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p><span>The purpose of this paper is to study some devices which can be used in the rhetoric and poetics to produce verbal images. Therefore, we research a common subject in Antiquity: the relation between the verbal and visual arts. This paper focuses on ékphrasis and enárgeia; however, there are other mechanisms which produce the same effect. There is profusion of names to the ecfrastic process, creating confusion when we try to establish the limits and differences of each procedure. Beyond the theory, we analyze the application of the concepts from some ancient examples to underlie our conclusions. </span></p><p><span><strong>Keywords:</strong> Ecfrasis; Evidence; Enargia. </span></p></div></div></div><p><span><br /></span></p></div></div></div>
Elegia marcial e ocasião de performance
Authors: De C.M.Brunhara Rafael 
Published: June 2017

<div class="page" title="Page 116"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>O presente trabalho consiste de um exame breve das correntes teóricas que propõem o simpósio aristocrático como ocasião única e evidente da <em>performance</em> de poemas elegíacos arcaicos de pequena extensão. Igualmente, considera testemunhos antigos sobre a recepção da poesia de Tirteu e a presença de tópicas militares em elegias notadamente simposiais. Por conseguinte, visa a oferecer, liminarmente, pressupostos para uma compreensão outra da elegia exortativa marcial, na medida em que verifica a relação entre esta poesia, o contexto que a motiva, e a sua similaridade formal e temática com textos pertencentes à tradição épica. </span></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><strong>Martial elegy and performance </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p><span>This work consists in a brief exam of academical studies which assume the aristocratic symposion as an exclusive occasion for early greek </span><span>elegies’ performance. It also considers historical evidence about the reception of Tyrtaeus’ poetry and the p</span><span>resence of military topics in typical symposion environment. Therefore, this paper raises preliminary conjectures for a different comprehension on martial exhortative elegy, along with the inspection of relations among this poetry, its context, and its formal and thematic resemblances with epic texts. </span></p><p><span><strong>Keywords:</strong> early greek elegy; epic tradition; performance; Tyrtaeus. </span></p></div></div></div><p><span><br /></span></p></div></div></div>
Cena-típica e tema em Homero: recepção do hóspede no Canto XIV da Odisseia
Authors: Xanthakos Viviani 
Published: June 2017

<div class="page" title="Page 162"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>O estudo de cenas-típicas na poesia homérica teve início com o trabalho de Walter Arend, em 1933, que desenvolveu a teoria de que tanto na <em>Ilíada</em> quanto na <em>Odisseia</em> existem ações recorrentes que são descritas com muitos detalhes e palavras semelhantes. Embora o trabalho de Arend tenha sido independente das pesquisas desenvolvidas por Milman Parry acerca da oralidade em Homero, o conceito de cena-típica (ou tema, como foi tratado por Albert Lord) também está presente na teoria Parry-Lord, como uma das características da composição oral. Desde então, além da divergência de nomenclatura (cena-típica/tema), sua definição e função tem sido debatida entre os estudiosos de Homero. </span></p><div class="page" title="Page 162"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>O objetivo deste trabalho é a análise da recepção de Odisseu pelo porqueiro Eumeu, no canto XIV da <em>Odisseia</em>, segundo o conceito de cena-típica, estudando a sequência da cena de hospitalidade, sobretudo o posicionamento do hospedeiro como audiência de seu hóspede.</span></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span><strong>Type-scene and theme in Homer: welcoming the host in Odyssey XIV</strong> </span></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p><span>The study of type-scene in Homeric poetry began so to speak with a book by Walter Arend (Die typischen Scenen bei Homer, 1933), who showed that in the Iliad and the Odyssey there are recurrent actions described with many similar details and words. </span><span>Although Arend’</span><span>s book was independent of the research developed by Milman Parry about orality in the homeric poems, the concept of type-</span><span>scene (or ‘theme’</span><span>, as used by Albert Lord) is also present in the Parry-Lord theory as one of the keystones of oral composition. Since then its definition and function have been under discussion among Homeric scholars. The objective of this paper is to analy</span><span>ze Odysseus’ </span><span>welcome by the swineherd Eumeus in Odyssey XIV focusing on the hospitality-scene and specially on the figure of the host as an </span><span>‘audience’ </span><span>of his guest. </span></p><p><span><strong>Keywords:</strong> oral composition, Homer, type-scene, Odyssey, Odysseus </span></p></div></div></div><p><span><br /></span></p></div></div></div><p><span><br /></span></p></div></div></div>
A imagem do recuo do Sol na tragédia Tiestes de Sêneca
Authors: Helena Dibbern Cynthia 
Published: June 2017

<div class="page" title="Page 4"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Este breve trabalho analisa a recorrente imagem do recuo do sol na tragédia <em>Tiestes</em> de Sêneca, desvendando sua relação com as doutrinas filosóficas do estoicismo. A temática da ausência de luminosidade será associada à ausência de <em>ratio</em> e ao domínio pelas paixões no agir de Atreu e Tiestes. Tal metáfora, sendo vista ainda como metonímia, ampliará a significação da imagem à representação do caos cosmológico que se instaura com a ausência do lógos, enriquecendo assim a teoria filosófica presente na obra.</span></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><strong>The image of sun retreat on Seneca’s tragedy Thyestes </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p><span>This short work analyses the recurrent image of sun retreat and light on Seneca’s tragedy </span><span>Thyestes, revealing her relation with stoic philosophic doctrines. The topic of lightness absence will be associated to the ratio absence and passions domain on Atreus and Thyestes acts. The metaphor of sun recoil, saw also as a metonymy, will expand the image meaning to the representation of cosmologic chaos, caused by lógos absence. </span></p><p><span><strong>Keywords:</strong> Thyestes, Latin Tragedy, Seneca </span></p></div></div></div><p><span> </span></p></div></div></div>
A Citação da Palinódia de Estesícoro no Fedro de Platão
Authors: Araújo Gomes Vanessa 
Published: June 2017

<div class="page" title="Page 70"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Este artigo trata da citação da </span><em>Palinódia </em><span>de Estesícoro no </span><em>Fedro </em><span>de Platão, alé</span>m de apresentar uma interpretação para as principais questões relacionadas à citação no contexto desse diálogo. </p></div></div></div>
Os antigos germanos em Os Sertões: Canudos e Teutoburgo
Authors: Kunst Rafael Vicente 
Published: June 2017

<p>Para explicar a aparente contradição entre barbárie e civilização que envolvia a descrição do sertanejo ao longo de <em>Os Sertões</em>, Euclides da Cunha recorre a diversos elementos da Antiguidade clássica como, por exemplo, a narrativa da batalha de Teutoburgo. Minha pesquisa consiste em analisar como e com quais motivações a escrita euclidiana utiliza as descrições clássicas dos antigos povos germânicos e seus conflitos contra os romanos.</p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><strong>The ancient Germans in Os Sertões: Canudos and Teutoburg </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p><span>To explain the apparent contradiction between barbarism and civilization that involved the description of the sertanejo written in Os Sertões, Euclides da Cunha uses various elements of Classical Antiquity, for example, the narrative of the battle of Teutoburg. My research is to examine how and with what motivations writing Euclidean uses the classic descriptions of the ancient Germanic people and their conflicts with the Romans. </span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><span>Os Sertões</span><span>; Reception; Battle of Teutoburg </span></p></div></div></div>
Comparison of Mat with Elisa and Lat Tests in Detecting Toxoplasma Gondii Antibodies in Human Sera
Authors: Mawlood Hemdad H. , Mero Wijdan M. S. , Su Chunlei , Isa Abdallah M. 
Published: June 2017

The modified agglutination test (MAT) has been widely used for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in numerous animal species. For the standard protocol of MAT test, T. gondii whole cell antigens were produced in the laboratory mice, which was a tedious process. The produced antigen in cell culture was used to assure its capability for MAT test. For detecting the antibodies of T. gondii in human sera, comparison was made between MAT, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and latex agglutination test (LAT). A total of 96 human serum samples were tested. The anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies were found in 25.0% (24/96), 20.8% (20/96) and 13.5% (13/96) samples by MAT (cutoff 1:25), ELISA and LAT tests, respectively. The MAT and ELISA tests matched 95.8% in detection of IgG antibodies, with the positive percent agreement of 100% (20/20) and negative percent agreement of 94.7% (72/76). For the MAT versus LAT tests, the overall agreement was 88.5% (85/96), with the positive percent agreement of 100% (13/13) and negative percent agreement of 86.7% (72/83). These results suggest a strong correlation between the MAT and ELISA tests in detecting serum IgG to T. gondii in human sera. In conclusion, T. gondii prepared in cell culture provides an alternative solution to produce antigens for MAT test.
The Effect of the Different Concentration and Proportion of Mixtures of Actara Insecticide and Ginger Oil in the Mortality Rate of Larvae of Greater Wax Moth, Galleria Mellonella L.
Authors: Al-sinjari Sofyan H. S. 
Published: June 2017

During this study the toxic effect of Actara and ginger oil of Zingiber officinale, individually or in combination, on the 3rd and 5th instar larvae of greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L. was investigated. The percentages of mortality of 3rd and 5th instars larval stage exposed for Actara, at concentrations of 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 µl/ larva, after 24 hours exposure were 17.50, 25.00 and 32.50 %, and 10.00, 12.50 and 17.50 respectively. The percentages of mortality of 3rd and 5th instars larval stage exposed to mixture 1:1 of Actara insecticide and ginger oil at concentrations of 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 µl/ larva were 26.60, 40.00 and 50.00% (for 3rd instar), and 20, 26.60 and 33.30% (for 5th instar) respectively, after exposure period of 24 hours. While the mortality of 3rd and 5th instars larval stage exposed to the mixing ratio 1:2 (Actara insecticide and ginger oil) of the same concentrations and same exposure period mentioned previously, were 36.60, 46.00 and 63.30 % (for 3rd instar), and 26.60, 36.60 and 46.60% (for 5th instar), respectively. Whereas in the mixing ratio 1:3(Actara insecticide and ginger oil) of same concentrations and same exposure period mentioned previously, the mortality (3rd and 5th instars larvae) were 53.30, 63.00 and 90.00 % (for 3rd instar), and 33.30, 46.60 and 63.00% (for 5th instar), respectively. The synergistic ratios for 3rd and 5th instars larval stage exposed to mixtures 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 (different concentrations of Actara insecticide and ginger oil), were 1.25, 1.6 and 2.4 (for 3rd instar), and 1.88, 3.50 and 4.01 (for 5th instar), respectively, after 24 hours of exposure. This indicates that a combination of different concentrations of the Actara insecticide with ginger oil produced synergistic effect.