bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Label‐free analysis of mononuclear human blood cells in microfluidic flow by coherent imaging tools
Authors: Dannhauser David , Rossi Domenico , Memmolo Pasquale , Causa Filippo , Finizio Andrea , Ferraro Pietro , Netti Paolo A. 
Published: August 2016

The investigation of the physical properties of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) is of great relevance, as they play a key role in regulating human body health. Here we report the possibility to characterize human PBMC in their physiological conditions in a microfluidic‐based measurement system. A viscoelastic polymer solution is adopted for 3D alignment of individual cells inflow. An optical signature (OS) acquisition of each flowing cell is performed using a wide angle light scattering apparatus. Besides, a quantitative phase imaging (QPI) holographic system is employed with the aim (i) to check the position in flow of individual cells using a holographic 3D cell tracking method; and (ii) to estimate their 3D morphometric features, such as their refractive index (RI). Results obtained by combining OS and QPI have been compared with literature values, showing good agreement. The results confirm the possibility to obtain sub‐micrometric details of physical cell properties in microfluidic flow, avoiding chemical staining or fluorescent labelling.
magnified image
The fabrication of well‐interconnected polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds, enhancing the exposure of hydroxyapatite using the wire‐network molding technique
Authors: Cho Yong Sang , Hong Myoung Wha , Jeong Hoon‐Jin , Lee Seung‐Jae , Kim Young Yul , Cho Young‐Sam 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this study, the fabrication method was proposed for the well‐interconnected polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold with exposed hydroxyapatite using modified WNM technique. To characterize well‐interconnected scaffolds in terms of hydroxyapatite exposure, several assessments were performed as follows: morphology, mechanical property, wettability, calcium ion release, and cell response assessments. The results of these assessments were compared with those of control scaffolds which were fabricated by precision extruding deposition (PED) apparatus. The control PED scaffolds have interconnected pores with nonexposed hydroxyapatite. Consequently, cell attachment of proposed WNM scaffold was improved by increased hydrophilicity and surface roughness of scaffold surface resulting from the exposure of hydroxyapatite particles and fabrication process using powders. Moreover, cell proliferation and differentiation of WNM scaffold were increased, because the exposure of hydroxyapatite particles may enhance cell adhesion and calcium ion release. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2315–2325, 2017.
The characteristics of registered sexual offenders in an Australian jurisdiction
Authors: Day Andrew , Darwinkel Elli , Vess James 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCurrent policies to manage convicted sexual offenders living in the community do not differentiate between those at different levels of risk. This is important if risk management strategies are to be better targeted. However, current methods of categorizing risk bands rely on the application of data from other populations, and thus may lack validity when used in jurisdictions other than those in which the validation data were collected. This study provides a descriptive analysis of cases managed by police in one Australian jurisdiction, presenting the offence histories and risk profiles of this population. The analysis shows that the heterogeneity exists in relation to offence type, level of risk, and victim characteristics, suggesting that more sophisticated systems of offender classification are likely to be required if judgements about risk are to inform offender management and the investigation of new sexual crime.
Carbon sequestration dynamic, trend and efficiency as affected by 22‐year fertilization under a rice–wheat cropping system
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Zhang Yueqiang , Liu Xueqin , He Xinhua , Shi Xiaojun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe maintenance and accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) in agricultural systems is critical to food security and climate change, but information about the dynamic trend and efficiency of SOC sequestration is still limited, particularly under long‐term fertilizations. In a typical Purpli‐Udic Cambosols soil under subtropical monsoon climate in southwestern China this study thus estimated the dynamic, trend and efficiency of SOC sequestration after 22‐year (1991–2013) long‐term inorganic and/or organic fertilizations. Nine fertilizations under a rice–wheat system were examined: control (no fertilization), N, NP, NK, PK, NPK, NPKM (NPK plus manure), NPKS (NPK plus straw), and 1.5NPKS (150% NPK plus straw). Averagely, after 22‐years SOC contents were significantly increased by 4.2–25.3% and 10.2–32.5% under these fertilizations than under control conditions with the greatest increase under NPKS. The simulation of SOC dynamic change with an exponential growth equation to maximum over the whole fertilization period predicted the SOC level in a steady state as 18.1 g kg−1 for NPKS, 17.4 g kg−1 for 1.5NPKS, and 14.5–14.9 g kg−1 for NK, NP, NPK, and NPKM, respectively. Either inorganic, organic or their combined fertilization significantly increased crop productivity and C inputs that were incorporated into soil ranging from 0.91 to 4.63 t (ha · y)−1. The C sequestration efficiency was lower under NPKM, NPKS, and 1.5NPKS (13.2%, 9.0%, and 10.1%) than under NP and NPK (17.0% and 14.4%). The increase of SOC was asymptotical to a maximum with increasing C inputs that were variedly enhanced by different fertilizations, indicating an existence of SOC saturation and a declined marginal efficiency of SOC sequestration. Taken all these results together, the combined NPK plus straw return is a suitable fertilizer management strategy to simultaneously achieve high crop productivity and soil C sequestration potential particularly in crop rotation systems.
Nonpigmented hair removal using photodynamic therapy in animal model
Authors: Shin Hyoseung , Yoon Ji‐Seon , Koh Wooseok , Kim Jin Yong , Kim Chang‐Hyun , Han Kang Min , Kim Eo Jin , Kwon Ohsang 
Published: August 2016

Background and ObjectiveLasers have been successfully used for decades to remove dark hair. However, laser removal of nonpigmented hair is challenging due to the lack of chromophores. The aim of this study was to use photodynamic therapy (PDT) to remove nonpigmented hair.Study Design/Material and MethodsWe compared the efficacy of permanent hair reduction in white BALB/c and black C57BL/6 mice treated with PDT or an 800‐nm diode laser. We collected skin biopsy specimens and investigated post‐PDT histologic changes and molecular changes.ResultsWe observed keratin 15 staining in the bulge area and alkaline phosphatase staining in the dermal papilla following PDT. We observed a temporary, catagen‐like transformation in nonpigmented hair follicles after PDT. We observed apoptotic cells in the hair matrix after PDT. Irradiation with an 800‐nm diode laser did not achieve nonpigmented hair removal. Multiple PDT sessions achieved permanent reduction of nonpigmented hair. Interestingly, removal of black hair using PDT was less efficient.ConclusionOur results suggest that PDT can damage the nonpigmented hair matrix, but not stem cells or dermal papillae. Repeated PDT may impair the hair‐regeneration capacity via a bystander effect on bulge stem cells or dermal papillae. In this study, we found it was possible to remove nonpigmented hair using PDT. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:748–762, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A quasilinear chemotaxis–haptotaxis model: The roles of nonlinear diffusion and logistic source
Authors: Liu Ji , Wang Yifu 
Published: August 2016

In this paper, we study the following quasilinear chemotaxis–haptotaxis system

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4126:mma4126-math-0001
in a bounded smooth domain
under zero‐flux boundary conditions, where the nonlinearities D,S1, and S2 are supposed to generalize the prototypes

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4126:mma4126-math-0003
with
, and f∈C1([0,+∞) × [0,+∞)) satisfies

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4126:mma4126-math-0005
with r > 0 and b > 0. If the nonnegative initial data u0(x)∈W1,∞(Ω),v0(x)∈W1,∞(Ω), and
for some α∈(0,1), it is proved that

For n = 1, if
and
then (⋆) has a unique nonnegative classical solution, which is globally bounded.
For n = 2, if
and
then (⋆) has a unique nonnegative classical solution, which is globally bounded.
For n≥3, if
and
then (⋆) has a unique nonnegative classical solution, which is globally bounded.
Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A high‐order discontinuous Galerkin method for compressible flows with immersed boundaries
Authors: Müller B. , Krämer‐Eis S. , Kummer F. , Oberlack M. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryWe present a higher order discretization scheme for the compressible Euler and Navier–Stokes equations with immersed boundaries. Our approach makes use of a discontinuous Galerkin discretization in a domain that is implicitly defined by means of a level set function. The zero iso‐contour of this level set function is considered as an additional domain boundary where we weakly enforce boundary conditions in the same manner as in boundary‐fitted cells. In order to retain the full order of convergence of the scheme, it is crucial to perform volume and surface integrals in boundary cells with high accuracy. This is achieved using a linear moment‐fitting strategy. Moreover, we apply a non‐intrusive cell‐agglomeration technique that averts problems with very small and ill‐shaped cuts. The robustness, accuracy, and convergence properties of the scheme are assessed in several two‐dimensional test cases for the steady compressible Euler and Navier–Stokes equations. Approximation orders range from 0 to 4, even though the approach directly generalizes to even higher orders. In all test cases with a sufficiently smooth solution, the experimental order of convergence matches the expected rate for discontinuous Galerkin schemes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dilated cavum septi pellucidi in fetuses with microdeletion 22q11
Authors: Chaoui Rabih , Heling Kai‐Sven , Zhao Yili , Sinkovskaya Elena , Abuhamad Alfred , Karl Katrin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectivesThe cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) is an easily recognizable landmark in the fetal brain. CSP disappears after birth to form the septum pellucidum. Children with microdeletion 22q11 (del. 22q11) were, however, reported to have a persistent dilated CSP. This study was designed to examine whether the CSP is dilated in fetuses with del.22q11.MethodsThis was a case–control study where the CSP width was measured in normal fetuses from 16 to 34 weeks and in fetuses with del. 22q11. CSP width was correlated to the biparietal diameter (BPD). Reference curves were constructed, and z‐scores calculated.ResultsCavum septi pellucidi width in 260 normal fetuses showed a linear correlation with BPD. The study group consisted of 37 fetuses with del. 22q11. In 25/37 (67.5%) of fetuses with del. 22q11, the CSP was enlarged with a mean z‐score of 2.64 (p < 0.0001). Fetuses with a BPD > 50 mm (>22 weeks of gestation) had a dilated CSP in 85.7% (24/28).ConclusionsThe CSP is a structure routinely evaluated in screening ultrasound. A wide CSP is found in second trimester fetuses with del. 22q11. A dilated CSP may be an important sonographic marker for the presence of del. 22q11 along with conotruncal malformations and thymic hypoplasia. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the use of a localized STRASS technique to obtain highly tensile strained Si regions in advanced FDSOI CMOS devices
Authors: Bonnevialle A. , Reboh S. , Le Royer C. , Morand Y. , Hartmann J.‐M. , Rouchon D. , Pedini J.‐M. , Tabone C. , Rambal N. , Payet A. , Plantier C. , Boeuf F. , Haond M. , Claverie A. , Vinet M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractStrain boosters are an effective way to improve performances in advanced CMOS FDSOI devices. Hole mobility is higher in pFETs with compressive channels. Meanwhile, electron mobility is higher for nFETs with tensile channels. We present an alternative technique to blanket sSOI substrates. The efficiency of the “Strained Silicon by Top Recrystallization of Amorphized SiGe on SOI” technique has been previously successfully demonstrated on blanket SOI (+ 1.6 GPa tensile strain achieved). Here we demonstrate a simple and efficient STRASS module integration in an advanced FDSOI route (14 nm design rules) which allows to cointegrate tensile Si for nFETs and unchanged pFETs.After pFETs have been protected (SiN), the STRASS technique has been used in the SOI nFET patterns. This process requires SiGe selective epitaxy, buried amorphization by ion implantation, recrystallization and SiGe removal. Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize the stress in Si areas with respect to process conditions (implantation, active area dimensions). Moreover, the mechanisms of SiGe relaxation will be discussed as function of device dimensions and SiGe layer properties (thickness, Ge content). We demonstrate the successful integration of localized STRASS module: tensile Si patterns (for nFETs) with a level of stress of + 1.6 GPa, cointegrated with unmodified pFETs. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Aging Reduces an ERRalpha-Directed Mitochondrial Glutaminase Expression Suppressing Glutamine Anaplerosis and Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Huang Tongling , Liu Renzhong , Fu Xuekun , Yao Dongsheng , Yang Meng , Liu Qingli , Lu William W. , Wu Chuanyue , Guan Min 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Aging deteriorates osteogenic capacity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), contributing to imbalanced bone remodeling and osteoporosis. Glutaminase (Gls) catabolizes glutamine into glutamate at the first step of mitochondrial glutamine (Gln)-dependent anaplerosis which is essential for MSCs upon osteogenic differentiation. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) regulates genes required for mitochondrial function. Here, we found that ERRα and Gls are upregulated by osteogenic induction in human MSCs (hMSCs). In contrast, osteogenic differentiation capacity and glutamine consumption of MSCs, as well as ERRα, Gls and osteogenic marker genes are significantly reduced with age. We demonstrated that ERRα binds to response elements on Gls promoter and affects glutamine anaplerosis through transcriptional induction of Gls. Conversely, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, ERRα inverse agonist compound 29 or Gls inhibitor BPTES leads to reduced Gln anaplerosis and deteriorated osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Importantly, overexpression of ERRα or Gls restored impairment by these inhibitors. Finally, we proved that compensated ERRα or Gls expression indeed potentiated Gln anaplerosis and osteogenic capability of elderly mice MSCs in vitro. Together, we establish that Gls is a novel ERRα target gene and ERRα/Gls signaling pathway plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, providing new sights into novel regenerative therapeutics development. Our findings suggest that restoring age-related mitochondrial Gln-dependent anaplerosis may be beneficial for degenerative bone disorders such as osteoporosis.
Mild Palladium Catalyzed ortho C‐H Bond Functionalizations of Aniline Derivatives
Authors: Tischler Ms. Orsolya , Tóth Mr. Balázs , Novák Zoltán 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis account collects the developments and transformations which avoid the utilization of harsh reaction conditions in the field of palladium catalyzed, ortho‐directed C−H activation of aniline derivatives from the first attempts to up‐to‐date results, including the results of our research laboratory. The discussed functionalizations performed under mild conditions include acylation, olefination, arylation, alkylation, alkoxylation reactions. Beside the optimization studies and the synthetic applications mechanistic investigations are also presented.
Aero‐structural design optimization of vertical axis wind turbines
Authors: Bedon Gabriele , Benini Ernesto 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the last decade, vertical axis wind turbines acquired notable interest in the renewable energy field. Different techniques are available to perform aerodynamic and structural simulation of these complex machines, but, to the authors' best knowledge, a comprehensive approach, which includes an automatic optimization algorithm, has never been developed. In this work, a methodology to conduct an efficient aero‐structural design of Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine is presented. This relies on a code‐to‐measurement validated simulation tool based on Blade Element‐Momentum algorithm adopting a particular set of aerodynamic coefficients, and a code‐to‐code validated structural model based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The algorithms are coupled with a Genetic Algorithm to perform the optimization. The adopted decisional parameters allow to completely vary the blade shape and the airfoil geometry to reduce the structural stress and improve the aerodynamic performance. Different individuals are explored to perform a wide aerodynamic and structural analysis of improved configurations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on the Kinetics of Aluminum Removal from Liquid Silicon to Slag with Mechanical Stirring
Authors: Lee Jaewoo , White Jesse F. , Hildal Kjetil , Sichen Du 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The kinetics of aluminum removal from silicon melt to CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag was studied. A recently designed experimental setup using mechanical stirring was employed to focus the study on the chemical reaction. The slag and metal were found to reach chemical equilibrium in 300 seconds. A simple model could reproduce the experimental data satisfactorily. Both the experimental results and the model prediction further confirmed that the process was controlled by the chemical reaction, since the reaction rate constant was found to be independent of the amount of slag and the initial slag composition. The experimental data at equilibrium were compared with the model calculations. The discrepancy between the model calculations and the experimental data strongly suggests the need for careful thermodynamic measurements.
Comparison of Mineralization Pattern of Geochemical Data in Spatial and Position-scale Domain Using New DWT- PCA Approach
Authors: Shahi Hossein , Ghavami Reza , Rouhani Abolghasem Kamkar 
Published: August 2016

Abstract:
In the current research to determine the mineralization pattern and discuss the mineralization components, the information of position - scale domain of geochemical data has been analyzed. A new method is proposed based on coupling discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) and principal component analysis (PCA) for mineralization elements forecasting applications. The results of this study indicate the potential of DWT – PCA method for geochemical data processing. Wavelet transform (WT), as a multi-spectral analysis method, can decompose the spatial and temporal signals into different frequencies. The features of mineralization can be identified using the position - scale domain of geochemical data that may not be achievable in spatial domain. The geochemical data from the Dalli region have been processed in the spatial domain using PCA. The surface geochemical data of 30 elements have been transformed to position – scale domain using two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform (2DDWT). Wavelet functions (WFs) of Haar, Coiflet2, Biorthogonal3.3 and Symlet7 have been applied separately to decompose the geochemical data to high and low frequencies in one level. To obtain more accurate and complete information of mineralization, a new index has been presented based on wavelet coefficients. Based on this new index, significant results have been obtained by using PCA of the index. The coefficients distribution map (CDM) as a new exploratory criterion has been generated based on 2DDWT to show the geochemical distribution map (GDM). Finally, the results of WT have been compared with the results of spatial domain and the best method of wavelet for interpretation of geochemical data has been introduced. The results of geochemical data analysis by DWT – PCA approach have been confirmed by the exploratory drillings in the study area.
Risk‐perception and dangerous driving among adolescents: Outcome‐ and behavior‐focused questions yield opposite results
Authors: O'Brien Fearghal , Gormley Michael 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTWhile some studies have found that those who perceive a behavior to be more risky are less likely to engage in it, others have found that those who engage in more risky behaviors see themselves as being more at‐risk. Using an online questionnaire we investigated whether such conflicting findings may be due to the types of risk‐questions employed in past studies. We assessed risk‐perception using outcome‐focused questions (e.g. the likelihood of being in an accident) and a behavior‐focused question (the riskiness of speeding). Participants who reported engaging in more risky driving gave higher estimates of their chances of experiencing a negative outcome. However, those same participants gave lower estimates of the general riskiness of risky driving. Drivers may think about the risks of risky driving in different ways depending on the focus of the questions.
Comparison of maintenance effect of probiotics and aminosalicylates on ulcerative colitis: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jiang Yong , Zhang Zhi‐Guang , Qi Feng‐Xiang , Zhang Ying , Han Tao 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the maintenance effect of probiotics versus that of aminosalicylates on ulcerative colitis.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and the Chinese Biomedical Database were searched in English or Chinese. Data extracted were selected with strict criteria.ResultsIn six randomized controlled trials (RCTs), a total of 721 participants were enrolled and the maintenance effect of probiotics (n = 364) versus that of aminosalicylates (n = 357) on ulcerative colitis was investigated. No significant difference was observed between probiotics and aminosalicylate groups (relative risk (RR) = 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.91–1.28; P = 0.40). Three RCTs compared the incidence of adverse events with probiotics versus those with aminosalicylates. No significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups (RR = 1.20; 95% CI: 0.92–1.56; P = 0.17).ConclusionsProbiotics and aminosalicylates both showed a maintenance effect on ulcerative colitis. However, more well‐designed RCTs are required.
Evidence of late glacial paleoseismicity from submarine landslide deposits within Lac Dasserat, northwestern Quebec, Canada
Authors: Brooks Gregory R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAn integrated seismo- and chronostratigraphic investigation at Lac Dasserat, northwestern Quebec, identified 74 separate failures within eight event horizons. Horizons E and B, and H and G have strong or moderately-strong multi-landslide signatures, respectively, composed of 11-23 failures, while horizons F, D, C, and A have minor landslide signatures consisting of a single or pair of deposit(s). Cores collected at six sites recovered glacial Lake Ojibway varve deposits that are interbedded with the event horizons. The correlation of the varves to the regional Timiskaming varve series allowed varve ages or ranges of varve ages to be determined for the event horizons. Horizons H, G, E, and B are interpreted to be evidence of paleoearthquakes with differing levels of interpretative confidence, based on the relative strength of the multi-landslide signatures, the correlation to other disturbed deposits of similar age in the region, and the lack or possibility of alternative aseismic mechanisms. The four interpreted paleoearthquakes occurred between 9770 ± 200 and 8470 ± 200 cal yr BP, when glacial Lake Ojibway was impounded behind the Laurentide Ice Sheet during deglaciation. They probably represent an elevated period of seismicity at deglaciation that was driven by crustal unloading.