bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective study feasibility: Screening of antenatal total abnormal pulmonary venous return
Authors: Levêque Christine , Paret Louise , Cochet Tiffany , Joinau‐Zoulovits Félicia , Chantalat E. , Vidal F. , Vayssière Christophe , David Nadine 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIntroductionTotal abnormal pulmonary venous return is a heart defect often missed prenatally, yet at birth, it is a surgical emergency. Antenatal detection could be improved by sonographic visualization of the anastomosis of 2 pulmonary veins in a sinus into the left atrium. The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of this screening method.MethodProspective observational study. Five operators selected one representative image taken during morphological ultrasound screening. Anonymized images were later assessed for quality by an expert. Both the operator and the expert were asked to rate the picture and collect clinical data. Feasibility corresponded to the percentage of images judged satisfactory by the expert; reliability corresponded to the percentage judged satisfactory by both the expert and the sonographer.ResultsA total of 192 patients were included. Feasibility was 73% (95% confidence interval, 67.1%‐79.7%) and reliability was 81.4% (95% confidence interval, 75.9%‐86.9%). There was no learning curve.ConclusionThis study confirms that visualization of the 2 pulmonary veins in a sinus into the left atrium at midtrimester screening is simple and reproducible. The next stage is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity as a screening test of total abnormal pulmonary venous return and whether that would improve morbidity and mortality.
Deep Omics
Authors: Tran Ngoc Hieu , Zhang Xianglilan , Li Ming 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDeep learning has revolutionized research in image processing, speech recognition, natural language processing, game playing, and will soon revolutionize research in proteomics and genomics. Through three examples in genomics, protein structure prediction, and proteomics, we demonstrate that deep learning is changing bioinformatics research, shifting from algorithm‐centric to data‐centric approaches.
Prevalence and predictors of depression, pain, and fatigue in older‐ versus younger‐adult cancer survivors
Authors: Bevilacqua Lisa A. , Dulak Deirdre , Schofield Elizabeth , Starr Tatiana D. , Nelson Christian J. , Roth Andrew J. , Holland Jimmie C. , Alici Yesne 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundAs the number of older adults in the United States continues to grow, there will be increasing demands on health care providers to address the needs of this population. Cancer is of particular importance, with over half of all cancer survivors older than 65 years. In addition, depression, pain, and fatigue are concerns for older adults with cancer and have been linked to poorer physical outcomes.MethodsFor this retrospective chart review, 1012 eligible participants were identified via a query of the Electronic Medical Record for all patients referred to 1 of 4 Survivorship Clinics at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. All patients were between the ages of 30 to 55 (younger adults) and >65 (older adults). Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9).ResultsThe overall rate of depression in this sample of adult cancer survivors was 9.3%. There were no differences in the rates of clinically significant depression (defined as PHQ‐9 score ≥10) between younger and older adult cohorts. However, there was a small trend toward higher mean PHQ‐9 scores in the younger adult cohort (3.42 vs 2.95; t = 1.763, P = .10). Women reported greater rates of depression and higher pain and fatigue scores. Hispanic/Latino patients also reported significantly greater rates of depression.ConclusionThere were no observed differences in depression between older and younger adult cancer survivors. Gender and ethnic discrepancies in depression were observed. Future research should focus on understanding the nature of these differences and targeting interventions for the groups most vulnerable to depression after cancer treatment.
With or without pheromone habituation: possible differences between insect orders?
Authors: Suckling David Maxwell , Stringer Lloyd D , Jiménez‐Pérez Alfredo , Walter Gimme H , Sullivan Nicola , El‐Sayed Ashraf M 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDHabituation to sex pheromones is one of the key mechanisms in mating disruption, an insect control tactic. Male moths often show reduced sexual response after pre‐exposure to female sex pheromone. Mating disruption is relatively rare in insect orders other than Lepidoptera.RESULTSAs a positive control we confirmed habituation in a moth (Epiphyas postvittana) using 24 h pre‐exposure to sex pheromone to reduce subsequent activation behaviour. We then tested the impact of pre‐exposure to sex or trail pheromone on subsequent behavioural response with insects from three other orders. Similar pre‐exposure for 24 h to either sex pheromone [Pseudococcus calceolariae (Homoptera) and apple leaf curling midge Dasineura mali (Diptera), or trail pheromone of Argentine ants (Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera)], followed by behavioural assay in clean air provided no evidence of habituation after pre‐exposure in these latter cases.CONCLUSIONSThe moths alone were affected by pre‐exposure to pheromone. For pests without habituation, sustained attraction to a point source may make lure and kill more economical. Improved knowledge of behavioural processes should lead to better success in pest management and mechanisms should be investigated further to inform studies and practical efforts generally enhancing effectiveness of pheromone‐based management. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Disturbance observer–based prescribed adaptive control for rate‐dependent hysteretic systems
Authors: Zhang Yangming , Yan Peng 
Published: December 2017

SummaryIn this paper, a disturbance observer–based prescribed adaptive control approach is proposed for ultra‐high‐precision tracking of a class of hysteretic systems with both high‐order matched and mismatched disturbances. Considering the adverse effects of asymmetric and rate‐dependent hysteresis nonlinearities, a polynomial‐based rate‐dependent Prandtl‐Ishlinskii model is first developed to characterize their behaviors, and inverse model based compensation is also constructed. Furthermore, the resulting inverse compensation error is analytically given, and a novel disturbance observer with adaptive control techniques is designed to handle the bounded disturbances, including the inverse compensation error and the high‐order matched and mismatched disturbances. Comparative experiments on a multiaxis nano servo stage are finally conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control architecture, where substantial performance improvement over existing results are achieved on various tracking scenarios.
Refining the Structural Features of Chromones as Selective MAO‐B Inhibitors: Exploration of Combined Pharmacophore‐Based 3D‐QSAR and Quantum Chemical Studies
Authors: Mathew Bijo , Dev Sanal , Joy Monu , Mathew Githa E. , Marathakam Akash , Krishnan Girish K. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSynthetic chromones are considered as a validated target of the inhibition of monoamine oxidase‐B and its relationship to various neurodegenerative diseases is increasing. Herein described is pharmacophore generation and atom‐based 3D‐QSAR analysis of previously reported chromone based MAO−B inhibitors in order to get insight into their structural requirements responsible for high affinity. The best four‐point pharmacophore model with five features AAHRR‐3, two hydrogen bond acceptor (A),one hydrophobic groups (H) and two aromatic rings (R) as pharmacophore features was developed by PHASE module of Schrodinger suite. The pharmacophore hypothesis yielded a statistically significant 3D‐QSAR model, with a good correlation coefficient (R2=0. 8828), cross validation coefficient (Q2= 0. 7036), and F value 50.2. In this series, the potent molecule 6‐(3‐bromobenzyl)‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one (5) is further exploited for electrostatic potential surface and analyze the natural bond orbital toward the binding characteristics by using density functional theory calculations.
Spatially Probed Plasmonic Photothermic Nanoheater Enhanced Hybrid Polymeric–Metallic PVDF‐Ag Nanogenerator
Authors: Liow Chi Hao , Lu Xin , Tan Chuan Fu , Chan Kwok Hoe , Zeng Kaiyang , Li Shuzhou , Ho Ghim Wei 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSurface plasmon‐based photonics offers exciting opportunities to enable fine control of the site, span, and extent of mechanical harvesting. However, the interaction between plasmonic photothermic and piezoresponse still remains underexplored. Here, spatially localized and controllable piezoresponse of a hybrid self‐polarized polymeric‐metallic system that correlates to plasmonic light‐to‐heat modulation of the local strain is demonstrated. The piezoresponse is associated to the localized plasmons that serve as efficient nanoheaters leading to self‐regulated strain via thermal expansion of the electroactive polymer. Moreover, the finite‐difference time‐domain simulation and linear thermal model also deduce the local strain to the surface plasmon heat absorption. The distinct plasmonic photothermic–piezoelectric phenomenon mediates not only localized external stimulus light response but also enhances dynamic piezoelectric energy harvesting. The present work highlights a promising surface plasmon coordinated piezoelectric response which underpins energy localization and transfer for diversified design of unique photothermic–piezotronic technology.
Out‐of‐Plane 3D‐Printed Microfibers Improve the Shear Properties of Hydrogel Composites
Authors: de Ruijter Mylène , Hrynevich Andrei , Haigh Jodie N. , Hochleitner Gernot , Castilho Miguel , Groll Jürgen , Malda Jos , Dalton Paul D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOne challenge in biofabrication is to fabricate a matrix that is soft enough to elicit optimal cell behavior while possessing the strength required to withstand the mechanical load that the matrix is subjected to once implanted in the body. Here, melt electrowriting (MEW) is used to direct‐write poly(ε‐caprolactone) fibers “out‐of‐plane” by design. These out‐of‐plane fibers are specifically intended to stabilize an existing structure and subsequently improve the shear modulus of hydrogel–fiber composites. The stabilizing fibers (diameter = 13.3 ± 0.3 µm) are sinusoidally direct‐written over an existing MEW wall‐like structure (330 µm height). The printed constructs are embedded in different hydrogels (5, 10, and 15 wt% polyacrylamide; 65% poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)) and a frequency sweep test (0.05–500 rad s−1, 0.01% strain, n = 5) is performed to measure the complex shear modulus. For the rheological measurements, stabilizing fibers are deposited with a radial‐architecture prior to embedding to correspond to the direction of the stabilizing fibers with the loading of the rheometer. Stabilizing fibers increase the complex shear modulus irrespective of the percentage of gel or crosslinking density. The capacity of MEW to produce well‐defined out‐of‐plane fibers and the ability to increase the shear properties of fiber‐reinforced hydrogel composites are highlighted.
Application of XANES spectroscopy to investigate Sb species in corroded bullets crust material oriented to evaluate the potential toxic effects in the environment
Authors: Rubio Marcelo , Mera María F. , Pérez Carlos A. , Vicentin Flavio C. 
Published: December 2017

Lead, antimony, and other toxic metals from pellets alloy are dispersed in the soil of the shooting fields. As long as the corroding bullets are present in soil, secondary Pb and Sb phases appear in the weathering crusts being an important source of bioavailable Pb and Sb. Knowledge about the corrosion mechanism of Sb from the bullet is limited, and reports on Sb speciation in crust and soils are still scarce. Considering that Sb species have different toxicological properties in the environment, this work has focused attention in X‐ray Absorption Near Edge Structure measurements at the Sb L‐edges in order to identify its chemical speciation in crust (Sb(0), Sb(III), and Sb(V)).X‐ray Absorption Near Edge Structure measurements were carried out at the D04A Soft X‐ray Spectroscopy beamline at the LNLS. Samples consisted of dust crust taken from physically deformed and strongly corroded metallic bullets retained in soil samples sieving from shooting fields of the North and East region of Córdoba, Argentina.The results showed that the main species found in all samples were Sb(V)(Sb2O5) followed by Sb(0) (metallic). Sb(III) was not observed, and it is known that Sb(III) is more toxic than Sb(V). The results suggested that in these environmental conditions, pentavalent Sb was the predominant species after weathering of metallic Sb from corroding bullets.
Reconstitutionalizing Politics in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
Authors: JHAVERI Swati 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe question of whether constitutional law can protect, consolidate, and advance democracy has been considered extensively in multiple jurisdictions. The issue has not yet been considered in the context of one of the most problematic contemporary democratic transitions: Hong Kong’s, from an externally governed colonial outpost to a self-governed suffrage-based special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China. The Basic Law of Hong Kong proposes the eventual election of the Legislative Council and Chief Executive of Hong Kong by some form of universal suffrage. These provisions are at the core of the ‘democratic constitution’ of Hong Kong. Achieving this goal requires consensus between the executive in Hong Kong, members of the Legislative Council in Hong Kong, and the legislative body of the People’s Republic of China. Although not a formal constitutional requirement, any democratization efforts will also require popular buy-in from Hong Kong residents in order to function effectively. However, it is increasingly clear that the views of all concerned do not converge on how and when these constitutional aspirations should be realized. In addition, all parties have started moving outside of this constitutional framework when deliberating issues of political reform. This article looks at the problems in the constitutional design of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region that have resulted in this political deadlock. The article will then look at one solution to mitigate the effect of these design issues and to move forward again on the issue of reform: ‘litigating’ the democratic constitution in the courts. The article discusses the advantages of the courts in the process: primarily the capacity of the courts toreconstitutionalizepolitical debate on electoral issues. This article evaluates the largely unsuccessful use of the courts thus far by Hong Kong residents to correct and advance political reform. It considers possible reasons for the high failure rate in courts and proposes alternative litigation strategies that can better utilize the position of the courts to re-orient all parties to the Basic Law.
Regional assessment of green and blue water consumption for tomato cultivated in Southern Italy
Authors: Ventrella D. , Giglio L. , Garofalo P. , Dalla Marta A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn the current regional-scale study, the model DSSAT CROPGRO was applied in order to simulate the cultivation of industrial tomato and to estimate the green water (GW), blue water (BW), blue water requirement (BWR) and water footprint (WFP) through a dual-step approach (with and without full irrigation). Simulation covered a period of 30 years for three climate scenarios including a reference period and two future scenarios based on forecast global average temperature increases of 2 and 5 °C. The spatial patterns of indicators relating to the whole territory of Puglia region (Southern Italy), characterized by the high evaporative demand of the atmosphere, are discussed and analysed. Considering the climatic pattern, the analysis was developed for three areas (Northern, Central and Southern). Future scenarios affected all indicators significantly, particularly the Northern area, characterized by higher temperature and rainfall anomalies. Under the A5 scenario, compared with the baseline, this area was forecast to have a large increase of BW (+30%) and reduction in yield (−20%). As a consequence, the BWR and WFP were predicted to increase dramatically, up to 40 and >65%, respectively. On the other hand, Central and Southern areas, with lower anomalies of temperature and rainfall, were forecast to be less vulnerable to climate change. The distributed analysis performed could be important for water policy, allowing most efficient allocation of scarce water resources and concentrating them where the WFP is lowest, or in other words, water use efficiency is highest.
Hypopharyngeal cancer associated with synchronous oesophageal cancer: risk factors and benefits of image-enhanced endoscopic screening
Authors: Ni X-G , Zhang Q-Q , Zhu J-Q , Wang G-Q 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectives:To explore the risk factors associated with the occurrence of synchronous oesophageal cancer in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer, and to investigate the roles of image-enhanced endoscopic screening in the prediction and diagnosis of early oesophageal cancer.Methods:The clinical characteristics of patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (n = 160) were analysed. All patients underwent laryngoscopic and gastroscopic examination using image-enhanced endoscopic techniques before treatment.Results:Of 160 hypopharyngeal cancer patients, 43 (27 per cent) had synchronous oesophageal cancer. Heavy drinking (odds ratio = 4.787, p = 0.029) and local invasion of three or more anatomical sites (odds ratio = 14.391, p = 0.000) were independent risk factors for synchronous oesophageal cancer. Narrow-band imaging laryngoscopy could detect more invaded anatomical sites than ordinary white light endoscopy (t = 8.532, p = 0.000). More early oesophageal cancer cases were detected with Lugol chromoendoscopy than with non-Lugol iodine staining examination (χ2 = 4.925, p = 0.026).Conclusion:Synchronous oesophageal cancer is common in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer. The heavy drinking patients with hypopharyngeal cancer should undergo intensive monitoring. Image-enhanced endoscopic screening is helpful in the prediction and early detection of second primary oesophageal cancer.
Optimized conditions for thein vitroexcystment ofCalicophoron daubneyimetacercariae
Authors: Huson Kathryn M. , Wild Charlotte , Fenn Caroline , Robinson Mark W. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractParamphistomosis, caused byCalicophoron daubneyi, is an emerging infection of ruminants throughout Western Europe. Despite its prevalence, many questions remain regarding the basic biology of this parasite and how it interacts with its host. Consequently, there is a need to develop methods to studyC. daubneyi in vitroto improve our understanding of rumen fluke biology. Towards this, we aimed to identify a suitable protocol forin vitroexcystment ofC. daubneyimetacercariae. Six methods that have been used to excyst metacercariae from a number of trematode species were tested withC. daubneyimetacercariae. Three of these achieved an average of >50% excystment whilst one method, which included an acid-pepsin treatment, incubation in reducing conditions and an alkaline/bile salt solution to activate the larvae, consistently gave >80% excystment. The latter protocol also showed no detrimental effect on the motility of newly excysted juvenile (NEJ) parasites when observed for up to 24 h in RPMI 1640 medium post-excystment. The successful production ofC. daubneyiNEJsin vitrois a significant step forward, and will enable the discovery of infective stage-specific parasite antigens and facilitate drug screening trials, to aid the development of much needed diagnostic and therapeutic options for paramphistomosis.
The interplay between cognitive ability, alcohol consumption, and health characteristics
Authors: Degerud E. , Ystrom E. , Tambs K. , Ariansen I. , Mørland J. , Magnus P. , Davey Smith G. , Næss Ø. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundHigher cognitive ability is associated with favourable health characteristics. The relation between ability and alcohol consumption, and their interplay with other health characteristics, is unclear. We aimed to assess the relationship between cognitive ability and alcohol consumption and to assess whether alcohol consumption relates differently to health characteristics across strata of ability.MethodsFor 63 120 Norwegian males, data on cognitive ability in early adulthood were linked to midlife data on alcohol consumption frequency (times per month, 0–30) and other health characteristics, including cardiovascular risk factors and mental distress. Relations were assessed using linear regression and reported as unstandardised beta coefficients [95% confidence interval (CI)].ResultsThe mean ± s.d. frequency of total alcohol consumption in the sample was 4.0 ± 3.8 times per month. In the low, medium, and high group of ability, the frequencies were 3.0 ± 3.3, 3.7 ± 3.5, and 4.7 ± 4.1, respectively. In the full sample, alcohol consumption was associated with physical activity, heart rate, fat mass, smoking, and mental distress. Most notably, each additional day of consumption was associated with a 0.54% (0.44–0.64) and 0.14% (0.09–0.18) increase in the probability of current smoking and mental distress, respectively. In each strata of ability (low, medium, high), estimates were 0.87% (0.57–1.17), 0.48% (0.31–0.66) and 0.49% (0.36–0.62) for current smoking, and 0.44% (0.28–0.60), 0.10% (0.02–0.18), and 0.09% (0.03–0.15) for mental distress, respectively.ConclusionsParticipants with low cognitive ability drink less frequently, but in this group, more frequent alcohol consumption is more strongly associated with adverse health characteristics.
Let me grow old and senile in peace: Norwegian newspaper accounts of voice and agency with dementia
Authors: SIINER MAARJA 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThis study analyses the remaking of dementia as a social and cultural phenomenon in the public media discourse in a welfare state Norway. A content analysis was carried out of articles on dementia published in Norwegian paper media from 1995 to 2015. The study combined the tools from quantitative corpus analyses and qualitative critical discourse analyses, making it possible to detect and interpret diachronic changes in the dementia discourse. Although the main focus in Norwegian dementia discourse has changed from the disease to the personhood, the agents defining what it means to live well with dementia continued to be predominantly institutional: non-governmental organisations, municipalities, health-care institutions and politicians. An analysis of the uses of the politically incorrect Norwegian term for dementia, ‘senility’, revealed that this term offered an alternative to the institutionalised dementia discourse and functioned as an unconventional and therapeutic-free space where older people and persons with dementia could use humour to subvert these norms and power relations.