bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USA Defense Industry Companies’ Development in Current Conditions: Trends and Prospects
Authors: Савченко  , Savchenko Evgeniy 
Published: August 2016

The article considers the particular characteristics of functioning of USA defense
industry companies in current conditions. These characteristics are marked by
continuation of crisis trends in the USA economy and negative changes in the
USA defense budget. The latter means not only spending reduction, but also
changes in budget balance not in favor of procurement of new weapons systems
and R&amp;D. The situation determines the necessity of USA defense industry companies’
business-model structural adjustments. However, the implementation of
the structural adjustments remains in question.
Mechanisms, patterns and outcomes of paediatric polytrauma in a UK major trauma centre
Authors: Naqvi G , Johansson G , Yip G , Rehm A , Carrothers A , Stöhr K 
Published: August 2016

IntroductionPaediatric trauma is a significant burden to healthcare worldwide and accounts for a large proportion of deaths in the UK.MethodsThis retrospective study examined the epidemiological data from a major trauma centre in the UK between January 2012 and December 2014, reviewing all cases of moderate to severe trauma in children. Patients were included if aged ≤16 years and if they had an abbreviated injury scale score of ≥2 in one or more body region.ResultsA total of 213 patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 7.8 years (standard deviation [SD]: 5.2 years). The most common cause of injury was vehicle related incidents (46%). The median length of hospital stay was 5 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 4–10 days). Approximately half (52%) of the patients had to stay in the intensive care unit, for a median of 1 day (IQR: 0–2 days). The mortality rate was 6.6%. The mean injury severity score was 19 (SD: 10). Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a positive correlation for injury severity score with length of stay in hospital (p<0.001).ConclusionsThere is significant variation in mechanism of injury, severity and pattern of paediatric trauma across age groups. A multidisciplinary team approach is imperative, and patients should be managed in specialist centres to optimise their care and eventual functional recovery. Head injury remained the most common, with significant mortality in all age groups. Rib fractures and pelvic fractures should be considered a marker for the severity of injury, and should alert doctors to look for other associated injuries.
Contemporary characteristics of blunt abdominal trauma in a regional series from the UK
Authors: Pande R , Saratzis A , Winter Beatty J , Doran C , Kirby R , Harmston C 
Published: August 2016

INTRODUCTION Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) is a common injury in recent trauma series. The characteristics of patients with BAT have changed following the reconfiguration of UK trauma services. The aim of this study was to build a new profile for BAT patients undergoing immediate or delayed laparotomy. METHODS All 5,401 consecutive adults presenting with major trauma between April 2012 and April 2014 in the 3 major trauma centres in the West Midlands were analysed to identify all patients with BAT. A total of 2,793 patients with a mechanism of injury or symptomatology consistent with BAT were identified (52%). Outcomes were analysed using local electronic clinical results systems and notes. RESULTS Of the 2,793 patients, 179 (6.4%) had a mesenteric or hollow viscus injury, 168 (6.0%) had a hepatobiliary injury, 149 (5.4%) had a splenic injury and 46 (1.6%) had a vascular injury. Overall, 103 patients (3.7%) underwent an early (<12 hours) laparotomy while 30 (1.1%) underwent a delayed (>12 hours) laparotomy. Twenty (66.7%) of those undergoing a delayed laparotomy had a hollow viscus injury. In total, 170 deaths occurred among the BAT patients (6.1%). In the early laparotomy group, 53 patients died (51.5%) whereas in the delayed laparotomy group, 6 patients died (20.0%). CONCLUSIONS This series has attempted to provide the characteristics of patients with BAT in a large contemporary UK cohort. BAT was found to be a common type of injury. Early and delayed laparotomy occurred in 3.7% and 1.1% of these patients respectively, mostly because of hollow viscus injury in both cases. Outcomes were comparable with those in the international literature from regions with mature trauma services.
Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia: a qualitative and quantitative study
Authors: Yohmi Elizabeth , Marzuki Nanis Sacharina , Nainggolan Eveline , Partiwi I Gusti Ayu Nyoman , Sjarif Badriul Hegar , Oswari Hanifah 
Published: August 2016

Background Breast milk is the best and most ideal food for babies because it contains all nutrition needed for their optimal growth and development. Babies who receive breast milk will have strong immune system, good brain development, and closer emotional bonding with their mothers. Considering the importance of breast milk, Indonesian government has been campaigning to endorse exclusive breastfeeding up to six months in the last four years. To date, there is no national data available to evaluate the exclusive breastfeeding program. Therefore, Indonesian Pediatric Society (IDAI) conducted a national survey on breastfeeding to investigate exclusive breastfeeding rate in Indonesia.Objective To find out the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia.Methods This study included 22 provinces in Indonesia and targeted on mothers with infants aged 0-11 months. For the quantitative portion of the study we used simple random sampling design to get the prevalence from the population. For the qualitative interview data we used a stratified random sampling design to ensure that each infant age group was well represented. Survey location in each province was selected based on defining the capital city to be urban area and its sub-urban areas to be rural. This study was performed between October – November 2010.Results We found that the prevalences of breastfeeding among baby 0-11 months was quite high which were 91%, 86%, and 72% in infants aged 0-3 months, 0-6 months, and 6-11 months, respectively. Interestingly, the prevalence of breastfeeding in urban area was higher than in rural area for infants aged 6-11 months. However, despite the high prevalence of giving breast milk, less than half of mothers gave breast milk exclusively, to babies aged 0-3 months and to those aged 0-6 months. The awareness to exclusively breastfeed was greater for urban mothers than for rural ones in those with infants aged 0-6 months. Mothers with high socioeconomic status had the highest prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding. The prevalence of breastfeeding without formula was still the highest up to 12 months but the role of giving formula was increasing especially in rural area. The prevalence of breast milk introduced as the first milk was around 60%. Java and Sumatra had lower prevalence of breast milk introduced as the first milk compared to Kalimantan and Sulawesi. We also found that mothers started giving solid food from an early age, especially in rural areas. With increasing age, the frequency of giving breast milk declined in both urban and rural areas.Conclusion The overall prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age in Indonesia was 49.8%. Maternal unemployment and high family socioeconomic status were associated with longer duration of breastfeeding.
Zkoumání struktur ve výukové komunikaci: historie a současnost
Authors: Mareš Jiří 
Published: August 2016

Abstrakt: Metodologicko-přehledová studie se zajímá o strukturní pohled na komunikaci ve škole. Nejde primárně o studium komunikačních sítí mezi účastníky komunikace, nýbrž o strukturní složky verbální komunikace samotné. Klíčová pozornost je věnována struktuře IRF (iniciace-replika-zpětná vazba) a struktuře IRE (iniciace-replika-evaluace). Výklad postupně odpovídá na tyto otázky: Kteří badatelé strukturu IRF/IRE poprvé identifikovali a v jakém kontextu? Za jakých podmínek a z jaké perspektivy byla tato struktura identifikována? Přišli jiní badatelé s úpravami této struktury? Jaké jsou názory odborné komunity na výzkumné využití této struktury? Které další komunikační struktury byly později ve výukové komunikaci identifikovány? Závěru studie nabízí doporučení, jak nově koncipovat zkoumání průběhu a výsledků výukové komunikace na českých základních a středních školách.Klíčová slova: výuka, výuková komunikace, interakce učitel-žáci, pedagogický výzkum, komunikační struktury, struktura IRF/IRE
A Strategic Knowledge Map for the Research and Development Department in a Manufacturing Company
Authors: Śliwa Małgorzata , Patalas-Maliszewska Justyna 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Knowledge is a corporate resource, being grounds for initiating activities, which is important in a dynamic economy. The difficulties related to obtaining tacit knowledge, related primarily to experience and observation of the knowledge employee (Mendryk, 2011), encourage the companies to use tools supporting knowledge management and location. This article attempts at designing a dedicated, strategic knowledge map for a research and development department in a manufacturing company. Based on the reference works, the detailed characteristics of specific sources of knowledge in a manufacturing company and tools supporting the process of converting the tacit knowledge into explicit one, for example, the knowledge maps, were devised. Then, a strategic knowledge map model was designed for the research and development department (hereinafter abbreviated as SKM – R&D) in the manufacturing company, comprising the following components: (1) fields of knowledge, (2) internal and external processes in the R&D department, and (3) sources of knowledge. Then, a practical implementation of the SKM – R&D model was presented.
Composite Indexes Economic and Social Performance: Do they Provide Valuable Information?
Authors: Nasierowski Wojciech 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper examines the information content of the selected composite indexes, namely the Global Competitiveness Report Index, the Human Development Index, the Knowledge Economy Index, the Innovation Union Scoreboard, and the like. These indexes are examined from the viewpoint of country rankings. It is argued that these indexes provide highly similar information, which brings to question the usefulness of such a variety of approaches. This paper also explores the drawbacks of composite indexes, and questions whether these indexes can adequately serve as policy-setting mechanisms.
Trends and Challenges in Intelligence Education and Training
Authors: Martin Iulian , Dan-Şuteu Antonio 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The education and lifelong learning of the intelligence analysts will provide the right ingredients to evolve into incredible and increasingly operational environment characterized by uncertainty and complex challenges. Based on diagnosis of the current ways of education and training in the field of intelligence analysis, there seems to be only a few higher education programs that focuses exclusively on law enforcement intelligence community. Most education and training programs are based on intelligence courses that incorporate multidisciplinary topics and a broad theoretical approach to intelligence issues. An efficient program should not only educate students by enabling them to learn how to perform an intellectual process for having analytical products, but it should also train them by teaching them the structures, techniques, and procedures associated with the intelligence process.
Countering Hybrid Threats by Integrating Civilian-Military Capabilities
Authors: Raţiu Aurelian 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Proliferation of risks and of asymmetric, especially hybrid threats requires to generate integrating, comprehensive security solutions at national and international level. The beginning of the millennium highlights new ideas of conducting military conflicts. Thus, given the future combat, characterized by a high degree of complexity, when the military forces become joint multinational bodies, becoming aware of the importance of human terrain and of the necessity to develop new mechanisms to integrate capabilities and the effects of all the actions of military and civilian power instruments, represents, in my opinion, highly significant priorities.
Taking this into consideration, the following article presents some doctrinal concepts, mechanisms, principles and methods through which this desired purpose could be achieved.
Knowledge Cycles and Knowledge Management
Authors: Ceptureanu Sebastian Ion 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The increasing importance of knowledge for companies come along with the increasing concerns about the way organizations cope with the exponential growth of available knowledge and the increasingly more complex products and processes that incorporate knowledge. Given the importance and impact of knowledge activities on the knowledge-based management, various models, approaches or frameworks require a more analytical approach, centred on how knowledge can be effectively managed. This paper analyses several knowledge cycle models and discusses their importance in relation with the knowledge management, even though it seems to be few models that bring something truly new in understanding knowledge and knowledge cycle activities. That is the reason we chose to address some of these, starting with the first most influential one, the Wiig model, and finishing with a less structured but very comprehensive approach, the Heisig model.
Security and Human Rights: Contradictory or Reconcilable Paradigms? State of Affairs in Bulgaria
Authors: Chankova Dobrinka , Georgieva Gergana 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This paper explores some recent changes in the structure of Bulgarian society and the corresponding challenges, related to human rights and security in general and in relation to different societal segments. Specifically, lately Bulgaria has been becoming a more and more multicultural country. Due to demographic, economic and other reasons, the number of ethnic Bulgarians is continuously decreasing. Reciprocally, the number of Roma population is increasing. Moreover, Bulgaria is a country recently flooded by refugees and illegal immigrants from Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq, the Arab world, etc. Different religious groups, sometimes imported, started pretending more rights and space in Bulgarian realm. The paper pays attention to the evolution of the attitude of Bulgarian citizens with regard to the protection of their human rights and the rights of the others. The sensitive issue of security and safety at the current stage of development is discussed. This study also presents the results from an inquiry of a specialized audience - law students. Their attitude towards the mentioned problems of the day is explored. Respondents' suggestions for more efficient, non-traditional tools for resolving the “hot” issues and securing safety are offered.
Counterproductive Behaviors and Work Performance in Military Organization
Authors: Macovei Crenguţa Mihaela 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Counterproductive behavior is an important part of work performance, and a risk for both the individual and the organization. We were interested to identify a valid measure of counterproductive work behavior for the military domain and we chose the CWB scale, which is a part of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ). Cronbach's coefficient indicates a good internal consistency of the CWB scale. Analysis of the correlations shows the following: the high frequency of counterproductive behaviors correlates with (1) the decrease in the quality of the work done by the employee and with (2) the increase in the frequency of the moments in which the amount of his/her work is lower than expected. In addition, the high frequency of counterproductive behaviors correlates positively with difficulties in concentrating, remembering and decision-making.
The Benefits of Cooperative Learning
Authors: Pateşan Marioara , Balagiu Alina , Zechia Dana 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Teaching English is a challenging profession not only because English is not our mother tongue but mainly because the students we teach are more advanced and skilled than some decades ago and the new methods and techniques we use at class have to be more integrative and interactive to arouse and maintain their interest. Teaching English in vocational universities also asks for specialized knowledge obtained through both academic study and practical experience, where our students passed certain requirements and met certain standards. Their level of proficiency in English is also assessed by a further linguistic certification as our students will be professionals with shared goals, values and practices. In order to get a professional development of English language we need to have a comprehensive understanding of what competences and expertise in language our students need. What essential skills, knowledge, values, attitudes and goals do they need in order to become skilled professionals and how can these be acquired? This paper tries to explore cooperative learning as a means of maximizing students’ learning.
Noise and Electromagnetic Field Measurements for the Merchant Ship Albatros
Authors: Samoilescu Gheorghe , Bordianu Adelina , Radu Serghei , Barbu Alina 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The paper analyses the results of performed measurements regarding the density of electromagnetic power at various points on board a ship, the noise level determined by the operation of certain broadcasting stations and the intensity of the radiated electric field by a station of 250 MHz. We have presented thereby the sources triggering natural and artificial electromagnetic disturbances with their pertaining components.
Threat Analysis in the Network-Centric Environment
Authors: Smolarek Mirosław , Witkowski Marek 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The paper presents an analysis of the threats that one can face in the cyberspace and dangers affect the safety of a state and its citizens. The authors compare definitions of terrorism, particularly focusing on issues related to cyber terrorism. They explain concepts associated to terrorist activities in the network-centric environment. Next, the evolution of the threats awaiting in the Internet has been presented. Moreover, classification of cyber-attacks and current dangers that may occur in ICT systems has been analysed.
Δ-Σ Modulators in Frequency Synthsizers
Authors: Teodoru Emil 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Frequency synthesizers are indispensable systems in the wireless communications area. In fractional-N frequency synthesizers ΔΣ modulators allows performances like larger bandwidth, faster lock times, reduced output phase-noise, with the price of some circuitry complexity. These specifications and others are based on the modulation accuracy. The main problem in ΔΣ fractional-N synthesizers is the specific quantization noise of the ΔΣ modulator and the solutions try to suppress it. MASH (Multi-stAge noise SHapping) digital ΔΣ modulator are also performance stages used in fractional-N frequency synthesizers. This paper will present solutions for ΔΣ modulators and their implementation.
Fast Meteorological Forecasting Method for Chemical Spill in Black Sea
Authors: Atodiresei Dinu , Scurtu Ionuţ-Cristian , Nicolae Florin , Şerban Petru Sergiu 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The Romanian Navy missions and actions in Black Sea can lead to ecological risks and the forecast of spill direction based on real data from NOOA. There is an increase in strategic importance of the Black Sea region and the protection of Romanian coastline is a very important task. Chemical spill can now be analyzed with a fast method, called Gnome and predictions can be used with higher accuracy. Forecasts can be used in port protection against offshore spill and as military source of high value information related to Black Sea.
Solvatochromic Study of Two Pyridazinium Ylids Binary Solutions
Authors: Babuşca Daniela , Moroşanu Cezarina Ana , Dorohoi Dana Ortansa 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The wavenumbers in the maximum of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) visibile band of two pyridazinium ylids binary solutions were analized using Kamlet and Taft empirical parameters and the Hildebrand’s solubility parameter. The Hildebrand’s solubility parameter values, δH
2, measures the energy needed to separate the solvent molecules. A linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) allows separating the contributions of different types of interactions to the total spectral shift. The supply of universal and specific interactions as well as the supply of solvent-solvent interactions to the total spectral shifts was calculated.
Mobile Deployable Laboratory – Chemical Module
Authors: Toader Constantin , Epure Gabriel , Moşteanu Dănuţ , Epure Cristiana , Iorga Ovidiu , Florin Ilie 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Changes in the layout of today's security medium, in which NATO and its member states evolve, in accordance to the new types of risks and threats, caused the reconsideration of the concept of security and modified priorities regarding civilian protection, territory and combatant forces.
The amplitude of the specific phenomenon associated with the proliferation of mass destruction weapons put the highest level of international political and military decisions into debate. In the given conditions, the field of CBRN defense becomes a strategic priority for the Alliance which decided (through the declaration of the general secretary of NATO at the summit in Prague) to adopt a set of engagements regarding the improvement of the defense capabilities against new threats through modernization and adaptation of specific structures. This paper presents the results of research conducted in the field of CBRN defense regarding the introduction of a “DEPLOYABLE Mobile CBRN Laboratory” within specific structures, product that will have the capability to be easily deployed in a combat theater, detect and identify (automatically or through instrumental analysis) CBRN agents within a real or suspect CBRN contaminated medium and provide Intel that will help in real time decision processes that can evaluate the consequences of a CBRN event.
Marketing via Micro-film in Chinese Academic Libraries
Authors: Li Lirui , Deng Zhonghua 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMicro-film is the short and essential version of ordinary film or movie, including the complete story. Thus, different from the interaction way of traditional promotion, micro-film marketing is the synthesis of mobile social media and film art, and it becomes the popular advertising solution of library because of its terseness, forcefulness and fashion. This study identifies 39 top academic university libraries as survey samples and investigates the overall application status of these libraries. The results indicate that the micro-film marketing is not very frequently adopted by libraries to promote their services, resources and culture, however, these micro-films have gained the positive feedback and more micro-films are in the planning stages. These distinguishing features of micro-films can be fully reflected by the specific properties, plots and formats of released micro-films in academic libraries. Characteristic concept and culture of library are still the emphasis of marketing themes, and it is more common for students rather than librarians to act as the actors and producers in micro-films based on the real campus or library life. Furthermore, librarians need more opportunities to proactively play an interactive and cooperative role in creating and advertising micro-films.