bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Issues of self-regulation of children with mental retardation
Authors: Sedova E. , Goryacheva T. 
Published: June 2017

Matured self-regulation system is considered to be one of the crucial factors for the success in life and that explains the interest to this issue from researchers, belonging to varied psychological disciplines.According to the Nikolaeva's (1991) model, self-regulation system consists of three levels: the level of self-regulation of mental states, the level of activity self-regulation and the motivational level.The research aim was to describe maturing of self-regulation of children with mental retardation comparing with their normally developing peers.The sample consisted of 39 children with the slightest degree of mental retardation in the age from 7 to 10 years, attending public school, and of 59 their normally developing peers.The research methods included the Luria's neuropsychological test battery, adapted by Semenovitch (2008) for the first level of self-regulation, analysis of school results for the second level and Guinsburg's and Louskanova's tests of learning motivation for the third one.According to the test results all the subjects were referred as having high, medium and low degree of self-regulation. All the children with mental retardation had the low degree.The research shown that for normally developing children the defects of the first self-regulation level were compensated by maturing of the third one. As for the children with mental retardation, they had more severe defects in the first level, and maturing of the third level also delayed, so there was no compensation of their problems. That fact should be considered when working out intervention program for those children.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Role of Identity Style and Locus of Control in Prediction of Self-efficacy Among Teachers
Authors: Ghahari S. , Moradi I. , Gheitarani B. , Safari R. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectIdentity style and locus of control are of the most important strategic variables in determining the characteristics of people personality. So, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between identity style, locus of control and self-efficacy among teachers of Khodabandeh city in Iran during the academic year 2014–2015.MethodsAmong all teachers in Khodabandeh city during 2014–2015 academic year (419 teachers), 120 were selected using systematic random sampling method. All of them completed identity Style Inventory (ISI), Levenson Multidimensional Scale of Locus of Control and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-10). For data analysis correlation and regression analysis (stepwise) was used.FindingData analysis showed a significant correlation between teachers’ identity style, locus of control and their self-efficacy (P < 0.05).ConclusionDue to the results, it can be concluded that identity style and locus of control can predict self-efficacy in teachers.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Suicidal Behaviour among Asylum Seekers in the Netherlands; Prevalence, Background and Prevention
Authors: Laban C.J. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundProblems of asylum seekers are multiple and complex. Having experienced pre migration adversities, they face multiple post-migration living problems in the host country. In clinical practice suicidal ideations and suicidal behavior often occurs.Objectives/aimsTo increase knowledge and give directions for preventive measures related to suicidal behavior among asylum seekers.MethodLiterature, related to the subject, is summarized.ResultsIn this presentation the context of the reception of asylum seekers is explained. Data will be shown on suicides and suicidal attempts among asylum seekers, in comparison with the Dutch population and with international data. Moreover an overview of qualitative and quantitative research findings will be shown on the many risk factors asylum seekers experience: traumatic experiences, loss, mental health problems, poor living conditions, fear to be expelled, uncertain future and post migration living problems. Attention will be given to the situation of imprisoned undocumented migrants in The Netherlands. Hobfolls theory of the Conservation of Resources will be used to explain the increased risk for suicidal behavior and suicide among asylum seekers and undocumented migrants. Prevention strategies contain cooperation to decrease the risk factors, enhance the protective factors, early detection of signals, and good access to mental health care.ConclusionAsylum seekers encounter many risk factors for suicidal behavior and suicide. The impossibility to get control over their lives and the lack of resources of resilience needs to be recognized as important risk factors. There is a need for cooperation between all professionals and volunteers to change this situation.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
I Choose, Therefore I am. The Jaspers Concept of Choice and Implications on the Ability to Act
Authors: Riolo A. , Babici F. , Tassi F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAccording to Jaspers, with the term of choice you should not be understood the possibility to choose between objects but freedom as a choice for themselves. Because I choose, then I am; in fact, I feel my freedom in my mind. Choose what is best for the psychiatric patient in different contexts (relational, occupational, social, therapeutic) is the ability to act. The best practices provide that psychiatrists, nurses, social workers, rehabilitation professionals are committed to enhancing the capacity to choose but the legal protection measures are likely to be a contradiction.ObjectiveWe try to explore the theme of choice based on the capacity to act or failure to act from a phenomenological approach.MethodThrough some concrete cases, extrapolated from clinical practice, highlight the contradictions between enunciation of principles and procedures for responding to the problems of psychiatric patients who are not able to choose.ConclusionsProtections of health and individual freedom are the weights of a balance poised, since there is uncertainty about the anthropological paradigm of the mentally ill.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Three Forms of Intuition in Eugène Minkowski
Authors: Veliz Uribe J. , Ugalde M. , Pastén C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionEugène Minkowski is one of the great authors of structural phenomenological psychiatry. However, it has stressed only its influence on the study of schizophrenia, however, the scope of its investigations is much coarser, while addresses issues that attempt to illuminate the way they are set life and humans.ObjectivesIt is interesting to pose as the author emphasizes the importance of intuition, on more than one level, giving an epistemologically worthy rank in the constitution of the self (soi-même), in psychopathology and even in the ontology.AimsIt is shown that in Minkowski research on intuition it appears as a study of a symptom called autism, as a psychopathological diagnostic method called empathy, and even as an ontological understanding that purpose of the study time.MethodsReconstruction of the uses of the notion of intuition in the work of Minkowski.ResultsThree ways clearly appear in different planes but complementary, pointing not only to a clinical trial, but take a glimpse metaphysical aspects.ConclusionsThe conclusions aimed are highlighting how Minkowski think intuition not only as a dignified way to understand the suffering, or establish a knowledge, but necessary for a clinic and even an approximation of what we are.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Repeated Programmed Hospitalizations (RPH) in the Care of French Military Suffering for War Post-traumatic Psychiatric Disorders: Interests and Limitations
Authors: Thomas G. , Le Pape E. , Py-Leroy E. , Mele E. , Tourinel G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe long-term management of psychiatric wounded patients with prolonged disorders requires a rethinking of our practice of care.ObjectivesThe aim is to propose an integrative model of all valid therapies in the post-traumatic-stress disorder while taking care of comorbidities and ensuring patient support in the different administrative procedures that permit reconstruction. Repeated short-term hospitalizations can meet this objective by mobilizing resources, creating group dynamics, restoring a space of safety, allowing a rupture with the environment, preventing recurrence of crises, and by encouraging the histicization of trauma by the temporal sequences of intra/extra-hospitalisation repetition.MethodWe propose, by means of a review of the literature, to discuss on a psychopathological level the interest and limits of this mode of care.ResultsThis work reveals the specific therapeutic effects of repeated programmed hospitalizations, which constitute a new modality of institutional psychotherapy.ConclusionRethinking the place of hospitalisation in the management of psychiatric illnesses can be useful to all psychiatrists who follow patients with chronic and co-morbid disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Impact of Terrorist Attacks on the Profile of Consultants at the Outpatient Department of Razi Hospital
Authors: Trabelsi R. , Bouasker A. , Zalila H. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionA trauma is an uncommon experience of violence in which the physical and psychological integrity of an individual or group has been threatened. Intentional violence in general and terrorist attacks in particular are a perfect example of this. It turns out that during the year 2015 Tunisia was shaken by a series of terrorist attacks as sudden as violent. What impact would these actions have on the profile of consultants at the Razi hospital?MethodsA retrospective and descriptive study of the consultants between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2015, while determining the socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic profile of the consultants for the first time at the outpatient clinic of the Razi psychiatric hospital, and indicating the different changes during the month following each attack; Bardo 18 March, Sousse 26 June and Mohamed V 24 November.ResultsOur study pointed to an increase in the number of consultants at the hospital (31%) and outpatient (128%) levels during the year 2015, without increasing the number of consultants New consultants. The new consultants are younger with a strengthening of the female predominance (56.8). In the months following the attacks from the same period of the previous year, we found that diagnoses of acute and post-traumatic stress disorders (151%) and (93%) increased in percentage.ConclusionThe impact of terrorist attacks is harmful to people directly exposed but also to vulnerable people. It imposes the necessity of a preventive activity involving multidisciplinary interventions in order to develop the concept of resilience.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Medical Students Assessment from a Public University Considering the Relevant Aspects of Medical Practice
Authors: Alves Á.T.L.S. , Alves F.V. , Melo E.V. , Oliva-Costa E.F.D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn traditional medicine curriculum, internship is the moment in which students experience medical practice more intensively. Attitudes can be considered predictors of behaviors and actions. Evaluate them contributes to improve medical graduation.ObjectiveEvaluate medical internship attitudes, considering medical practice and associated factors in a Brazilian public university.MethodsCross-sectional study with 69 students, using a structured questionnaire and an attitude scale. Descriptive statistic was carried out, classification of the attitude tendency, group analysis (‘clusters’) and F statistic.ResultsThe average age was 25.1 and 56.5% were male. Students presented positive attitudes towards four from six aspects and negative attitudes toward death.ConclusionResults suggest the necessity of educational intervention, which follows the educational objectives.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The use of vitamin D3 sublingual tablets versus oral drops in the treatment of patients with COMT Val/Val genotype and major depressive disorder
Authors: Mech A.W. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionVitamin D has been shown to be crucial in the regulation of dopamine and its relationship to major depressive disorder.A five-year pre-interventional study of 25 hydroxy vitamin D levels in patients with major depressive disorder found values ranging from 17 to 32 ng/mL.COMT Val/Val genotype has been associated with a 20–40% more rapid breakdown of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex as compared to individuals with a Val/Met genotype.MethodsThis retrospective study gathered data concerning outcome measurements in patients who displayed a baseline 25-OH level < 30 mg/mL and initially treated with sublingual tablet form of 10,000 IU vitamin D3. These data were compared to post interventional depression outcome scores for patients switched to oral vitamin D3 drops at a dose of 10,000 IUs.ResultsScores on the MADRS 1–3 weeks following the vitamin D3 switch showed an improvement in mood with the lowering of scores on the MADRS.ConclusionsPatients with a COMT genotype of Val/Val showed clinical improvement with a switch from oral D3 sublingual tablets to oral D3 drops. Further studies are needed to draw from conclusions. Pre- and post-25-OH vitamin D levels and other dopamine synthesis variables including serum ferritin would be useful as well as prospective double-blind placebo controlled trials. The future use of genotype-specific and supportive approaches deserves serious investigation.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Ultra-high risk psychosis. A case report
Authors: Santayana G. Pardo de , Landera R. , Juncal M. , Porta O. , Gómez M. , Núñez N. , Sánchez L. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThere is much debate on whether patients who are at high risk of developing a psychotic disorder in the near future (such as patients suffering of attenuated psychotic symptoms, brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms or personality trait vulnerability) should be treated with antipsychotic drugs to prevent possible psychotic breaks from happening.AimTo review articles from the existing medical literature about treatment of patients in ultra-high risk of developing psychosis.MethodsWe describe the case of a 19-year-old male who was hospitalized after a suicide attempt in April 2015. He had been diagnosed of different psychiatric disorders such as mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, adjustment disorder and probable borderline personality disorder. During his stay at the hospital, we observed that he had schizoid personality traits. In the initial anamnesis, he denied ever having psychotic symptoms, but a few days later he admitted that the previous year he suffered throw a period of brief self-limiting psychotic symptoms.ResultsProphylactic treatment was started with oral aripiprazole 15 mg/day, which was well tolerated by the patient. He has been free of psychotic symptoms for the last 17 months (from April 2015 to September 2016). No relevant side effects were detected.ConclusionsOral aripiprazole 15 mg/day can be a good therapeutic option in patients at ultra-high risk of developing a psychotic episode.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Communitarian Mental Health Group: Promoting mental health through daily experiences in Brazil
Authors: Craveiro Prado A.P. , Cardoso C.L. , Ishara S. 
Published: June 2017

In Brazil, the mental health field has been the scenario of many transformations, among them, the recognition of community and group-based interventions as significant approaches concerning mental health promotion. These approaches regard the interpersonal relationships as a resource to individual's mental health care and the construction of a helping network. This study aimed to present and describe the Communitarian Mental Health Group (CMHG), an innovative intervention developed and studied in Brazil for 18 years. To accomplish that, a study of previous researches about this intervention was conducted, including the analysis of a book published in 2014. The activity goal is to promote mental health through the attitudes of paying attention, understanding and sharing everyday experiences, as resources for personal development and mental health care. It is an open and heterogeneous group, in which participants interact among them aiming mutual help. Each group session lasts 1 h 30, and each session is divided into three phases: sharing experiences with cultural elements considered meaningful to the goals of the group; sharing everyday experiences; sharing what was significant from that session, according to the participants. One of the premises is that taking care of our mental health belongs to the scope of the human being and it is not restricted to patients. Daily experiences are significant resources for mental health promotion and for the construction of a helping communitarian network among participants, bonded through the sharing of their quotidian. The CMHG represents a mental health promotion intervention able to complement other kinds of available treatments.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Oxidative stress, inflammation and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Cherbuin N. , Anstey K.J. , Baune B.T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionOxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are processes known to be implicated in neurodegeneration. Moreover, risk factors for dementia (depression, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, diabetes, etc.) are associated with up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. OS has been found in animal models to contribute to cerebral amyloid angiopathy. However, investigations of the associations between OS, inflammation and MCI, typically in small clinical samples have produced mixed results.ObjectivesClarify associations, between OS, inflammation and MCI in a large cohort of community-living individuals.MethodsCognitively healthy individuals (n = 211, 44% female, 75.2 years) and with MCI (n = 23, 44% female, 75.2 years) from a population sample were included. MCI diagnosis was established based on a detailed neuropsychological assessment. Inflammatory (IL1b, IL4, IL6, IL8, IL10, TNF-a) and OS (total anti-oxidants, NO, neopterin) markers were assessed in plasma samples. Associations between biomarkers, MMSE, and MCI status were tested with multiple linear and logistic regression analyses.ResultsUnivariate analyses showed that log IL4 (estimate: −0.175, SE: 0.085, P = 0.041) and NO (estimate: 0.015, SE: 0.006, P = 0.017) were the only markers associated with MMSE scores. MCI status was predicted by log IL4 (estimate: 0.822, SE: 0.357, P = 0.021) and total anti-oxidants (estimate: −0.007, SE: 0.003, P = 0.014). Controlling for pro-inflammatory conditions (T2D, BMI, depression, hypertension) removed the associations with inflammation but not with OS.ConclusionsThese results indicate that increased systemic inflammation and increased OS were associated with lower MMSE scores and higher odds of having MCI. This confirms that systemic pro-inflammatory processes are associated with impaired cognition and should be specifically considered in treatment and risk-reduction interventions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Off-label prescriptions of quetiapine for sleep disturbances
Authors: Arts M. , Petrykiv S. , Fennema J. , De Jonge L. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionQuetiapine, a short-acting atypical anti-psychotic drug for the treatment of bipolar I disorder and schizophrenia, is increasingly used off-label for the treatment of sleep disturbances or insomnia. However, data supporting this off-label prescription of quetiapine are limited.Objectives and aimsTo report and discuss the effects of “off-label” use of quetiapine for the treatment of sleep disturbances.MethodsAn English-language literature search was conducted using Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane library (December 1980–December 2015) using the search terms quetiapine, insomnia, sleep disorders, sleep disturbances, and sleeplessness.ResultsDuring the last decade, there is an enormous increase in prescribing quetiapine. This anti-psychotic drug is among the best selling drugs worldwide. For the approved indications, the usual therapeutic dose range is 400–800 mg/day. However, off-label use of quetiapine was most evident for the 25 mg/day to 100 mg/day. In some countries, off-label uses are promoted to non-psychiatrists for the treatment of insomnia, dementia, agitation, and aggression. Inappropriate anti-psychotic use may lead to serious health problems, including metabolic effects, increased sudden cardiac death, and age-related side effects with increased risk for orthostatic hypotension, fractures, pneumonia, cognitive impairment, and stroke.ConclusionThere is growing concern regarding the potential harm from off-label prescription of anti-psychotics, particularly quetiapine. There is little evidence supporting the enormous off-label uses of quetiapine. In addition, prescribing quetiapine for indications that are not evidence based has ethical, financial, and safety implications, especially in the older population.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Isolated rhabdomyolysis caused by olanzapine: About a clinical case
Authors: Laajili Y. , Ellini S. , Rebhi H. , Haloui N. , Cheour M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAtypical anti-psychotics are increasingly prescribed, given their tolerance. Among these anti-psychotic olanzapine, known for its adverse metabolic effects. By against an adverse event type rhabdomyolysis with olanzapine appears uncommon (<1%) and few clinical cases have been reported in the literature.AimThe aim of our study is to illustrate with a clinical case the occurrence of an isolated rhabdomyolysis with olanzapine.Materiel and methodStarting from the study of the case of a patient with rhabdomyolysis with olanzapine we studied the literature data. Clinical vignette: it is about a patient aged 25 followed for bipolar disorder type I. He responded to the association olanzapine and valproic acid then to valproic acid only. His last hospitalization for manic relapse dating to September 9, 2015 occurred in a context of treatment discontinuation. Upon admission the patient underwent an oral treatment based olanzapine and valproic acid. A dosage of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) done systematically, on September 11 showed high levels of (CPK) to 973 (U/L) without clinical signs of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The electrocardiogram and biological tests results were normal. Other etiologies can lead to elevated (CPK) were eliminated. The persistent elevation of CPK motivated the arrest of olanzapine. The evolution was marked by a return to normal CPK rates after 15 days. The olanzapine was replaced by haloperidol and vaproic acid maintained. The pharmacovigilance investigation conclude to the accountability of olanzapine in this rhabdomyolysis.ConclusionSecond generation, anti-psychotics are known for their better tolerance compared to conventional antipsychotics. However, they are not devoid of side effects.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.