bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corticosterone Production during Repeated Social Defeat Causes Monocyte Mobilization from the Bone Marrow, Glucocorticoid Resistance, and Neurovascular Adhesion Molecule Expression
Authors: Niraula Anzela , Wang Yufen , Godbout Jonathan P. , Sheridan John F. 
Published: January 2018

Repeated social defeat (RSD) stress promotes the release of bone marrow-derived monocytes into circulation that are recruited to the brain, where they augment neuroinflammation and cause prolonged anxiety-like behavior. Physiological stress activates the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) axis, and both of these systems play a role in the physiological, immunological, and behavioral responses to stress. The purpose of this study was to delineate the role of HPA activation and corticosterone production in the immunological responses to stress in male C57BL/6 mice. Here, surgical (adrenalectomy) and pharmacological (metyrapone) interventions were used to abrogate corticosterone signaling during stress. We report that both adrenalectomy and metyrapone attenuated the stress-induced release of monocytes into circulation. Neither intervention altered the production of monocytes during stress, but both interventions enhanced retention of these cells in the bone marrow. Consistent with this observation, adrenalectomy and metyrapone also prevented the stress-induced reduction of a key retention factor, CXCL12, in the bone marrow. Corticosterone depletion with metyrapone also abrogated the stress-induced glucocorticoid resistance of myeloid cells. In the brain, these corticosterone-associated interventions attenuated stress-induced microglial remodeling, neurovascular expression of the adhesion molecule intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, prevented monocyte accumulation and neuroinflammatory signaling. Overall, these results indicate that HPA activation and corticosterone production during repeated social defeat stress are critical for monocyte release into circulation, glucocorticoid resistance of myeloid cells, and enhanced neurovascular cell adhesion molecule expression.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRecent studies of stress have identified the presence of monocytes that show an exaggerated inflammatory response to immune challenge and are resistant to the suppressive effects of glucocorticoids. Increased presence of these proinflammatory monocytes has been implicated in neuropsychiatric symptoms and the development of chronic cardiovascular, autoimmune, and metabolic disorders. In the current study, we show novel evidence that corticosterone produced during stress enhances the release of proinflammatory monocytes from the bone marrow into circulation, augments their recruitment to the brain and the induction of a neuroinflammatory profile. Overproduction of corticosterone during stress is also the direct cause of glucocorticoid resistance, a key phenotype in individuals exposed to chronic stress. Inhibiting excess corticosterone production attenuates these inflammatory responses to stress.
Differential Sampling of Visual Space in Ventral and Dorsal Early Visual Cortex
Authors: Silson Edward H. , Reynolds Richard C. , Kravitz Dwight J. , Baker Chris I. 
Published: January 2018

A fundamental feature of cortical visual processing is the separation of visual processing for the upper and lower visual fields. In early visual cortex (EVC), the upper visual field is processed ventrally, with the lower visual field processed dorsally. This distinction persists into several category-selective regions of occipitotemporal cortex, with ventral and lateral scene-, face-, and object-selective regions biased for the upper and lower visual fields, respectively. Here, using an elliptical population receptive field (pRF) model, we systematically tested the sampling of visual space within ventral and dorsal divisions of human EVC in both male and female participants. We found that (1) pRFs tend to be elliptical and oriented toward the fovea with distinct angular distributions for ventral and dorsal divisions of EVC, potentially reflecting a radial bias; and (2) pRFs in ventral areas were larger (∼1.5×) and more elliptical (∼1.2×) than those in dorsal areas. These differences potentially reflect a tendency for receptive fields in ventral temporal cortex to overlap the fovea with less emphasis on precise localization and isotropic representation of space compared with dorsal areas. Collectively, these findings suggest that ventral and dorsal divisions of EVC sample visual space differently, likely contributing to and/or stemming from the functional differentiation of visual processing observed in higher-level regions of the ventral and dorsal cortical visual pathways.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe processing of visual information from the upper and lower visual fields is separated in visual cortex. Although ventral and dorsal divisions of early visual cortex (EVC) are commonly assumed to sample visual space equivalently, we demonstrate systematic differences using an elliptical population receptive field (pRF) model. Specifically, we demonstrate that (1) ventral and dorsal divisions of EVC exhibit diverging distributions of pRF angle, which are biased toward the fovea; and (2) ventral pRFs exhibit higher aspect ratios and cover larger areas than dorsal pRFs. These results suggest that ventral and dorsal divisions of EVC sample visual space differently and that such differential sampling likely contributes to different functional roles attributed to the ventral and dorsal pathways, such as object recognition and visually guided attention, respectively.
Anterior Pituitary Transcriptome Suggests Differences in ACTH Release in Tame and Aggressive Foxes
Authors: Hekman Jessica P , Johnson Jennifer L , Edwards Whitney , Vladimirova Anastasiya V , Gulevich Rimma G , Ford Alexandra L , Kharlamova Anastasiya V , Herbeck Yury , Acland Gregory M , Raetzman Lori T , Trut Lyudmila N , Kukekova Anna V 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDomesticated species exhibit a suite of behavioral, endocrinological, and morphological changes referred to as “domestication syndrome.” These changes may include a reduction in reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and specifically reduced adrenocorticotropic hormone release from the anterior pituitary. To investigate the biological mechanisms targeted during domestication, we investigated gene expression in the pituitaries of experimentally domesticated foxes (Vulpes vulpes). RNA was sequenced from the anterior pituitary of six foxes selectively bred for tameness (“tame foxes”) and six foxes selectively bred for aggression (“aggressive foxes”). Expression, splicing, and network differences identified between the two lines indicated the importance of genes related to regulation of exocytosis, specifically mediated by cAMP, organization of pseudopodia, and cell motility. These findings provide new insights into biological mechanisms that may have been targeted when these lines of foxes were selected for behavior and suggest new directions for research into HPA axis regulation and the biological underpinnings of domestication.
Beyond Thermodynamic Constraints: Evolutionary Sampling Generates Realistic Protein Sequence Variation
Authors: Jiang Qian , Teufel Ashley I , Jackson Eleisha L , Wilke Claus O 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe computational design of protein sequences has yielded major successes in several application areas. However, when the principles of protein design are applied to molecular evolution, results tend to be poor...Biological evolution generates a surprising amount of site-specific variability in protein sequences. Yet, attempts at modeling this process have been only moderately successful, and current models based on protein structural metrics explain, at best, 60% of the observed variation. Surprisingly, simple measures of protein structure, such as solvent accessibility, are often better predictors of site-specific variability than more complex models employing all-atom energy functions and detailed structural modeling. We suggest here that these more complex models perform poorly because they lack consideration of the evolutionary process, which is, in part, captured by the simpler metrics. We compare protein sequences that are computationally designed to sequences that are computationally evolved using the same protein-design energy function and to homologous natural sequences. We find that, by a wide variety of metrics, evolved sequences are much more similar to natural sequences than are designed sequences. In particular, designed sequences are too conserved on the protein surface relative to natural sequences, whereas evolved sequences are not. Our results suggest that evolutionary simulation produces a realistic sampling of sequence space. By contrast, protein design—at least as currently implemented—does not. Existing energy functions seem to be sufficiently accurate to correctly describe the key thermodynamic constraints acting on protein sequences, but they need to be paired with realistic sampling schemes to generate realistic sequence alignments.
Valproic Acid-Induced Hyperammonemia with Encephalopathy (VIHE): A Case Report
Authors: Sattar Yasar , Merotto Benjamin , Dedousis Anthony , Aadil Muhammad , Zil-E-Ali Ahsan 
Published: January 2018

Valproic acid (VPA) is a wide spectrum antiepileptic medication indicated for seizure prophylaxis across the spectrum of epilepsy. Since coming into clinical use, VPA has also been recommended for the management of a variety of other pathologies, including, most notably, mood stabilization in the manic patient. VPA’s common adverse effects include gastrointestinal, influenza-like symptoms, headache, and difficulties with sleep; nonetheless, in rare instances, VPA has been noted to cause the severe and potentially lethal condition of hyperammonemia with encephalopathy (VIHE). VIHE is the result of a dose-independent increase in ammonia levels. Often the patient is asymptomatic; if symptoms reach clinical threshold, lethargy is most common, though seizures, focal neurologic deficits and even coma are possible. VIHE can occur in patients despite normal hepatic function, normal loading doses, chronic stable doses and normal free serum drug levels. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, the first approach for symptomatic patients is to discontinue VPA, start alternative mood stabilizer as indicated, and supplement hyperammonemia treatment with lactulose, carnitine or carglumic acid. Below is a case report of VIHE that developed in an adolescent girl with a history of Bipolar I Disorder who was hospitalized in our facility for stabilization of mania. As demonstrated below, early diagnosis of VIHE is pivotal in reducing morbidity and ultimately can be life-saving.
Keywords: Valproic acid, Hyperammonemia, Encephalopathy
Pruebas de identidad y paternidad en ganado brahman registrado de Costa Rica
Authors: Campos Jorge , Vargas Bernardo , Camacho Jorge , Cruz Argerie 
Published: January 2018

En programas de evaluación genética es indispensable la correcta identificación de los individuos de la población y la certeza de sus relaciones de parentesco. El objetivo de este estudio fue implementar pruebas de identificación y verificación de paternidad mediante 18 marcadores microsatélite en ganado registrado de raza Brahman de Costa Rica. Inicialmente, se calcularon parámetros genéticos poblacionales a partir del análisis de 950 muestras de ADN (7 sementales, 788 vacas y 155 crías) colectadas durante los años 2015/2016, procedentes de 13 hatos de ganado registrado. Los promedios de heterocigosidad observada y esperada fueron de 0,67 y 0,70, respectivamente. El índice de fijación fue de 4%, con desviaciones significativas del equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg (EHW) en 9 de los 18 loci. Todos los marcadores, excepto ETH225, presentaron contenido de información polimórfica mayor a 0,50. La probabilidad de identidad combinada con todos los marcadores fue 2,4×10-17 para individuos seleccionados aleatoriamente y 2,6×10-7 para hermanos completos. Las probabilidades de exclusión combinada fueron superiores a 0,999. Todos estos parámetros presentaron valores satisfactorios para la realización de pruebas de identidad y paternidad. Seguidamente, se realizaron pruebas de confirmación de paternidad en 137 crías con padre y/o madre reportados procedentes de 3 hatos. Los porcentajes de rechazo de paternidad basados en el principio de exclusión (al menos 2 loci discordantes) vs. índices críticos de verosimilitud, fueron respectivamente: 18,2% vs. 24,1% para las madres, 14,0% vs. 12,5% para los padres, y 34,6% vs. 26,3% para los tríos. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre hatos para el porcentaje de rechazo de paternidad, oscilando desde 15,6 a 39,4% en madres, 0 a 30% en padres, y 19,5 a 31,8% en tríos. Se demuestra la necesidad de un mayor control en los apareamientos y en el registro de información genealógica en estos hatos.
Bernstein Operator of Rough λ-statistically and ρ Cauchy Sequences Convergence on Triple Sequence Spaces
Authors: Velmurugan S. , Subramanian N. 
Published: January 2018

<p>In this article, using the concept of natural density, we introduce the notion of Bernstein polynomials of rough λ−statistically and ρ−Cauchy triple sequence spaces. We deﬁne the set of Bernstein polynomials of rough statistical limit points of a triple sequence spaces and obtain to λ−statistical convergence criteria associated with this set. We examine the relation between the set of Bernstein polynomials of rough λ−statistically and ρ− Cauchy triple sequences.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
General Health Status and Oral Health Status Description in Elementary School Age Children
Authors: Rachmawati Emma , Setiawan Ame Suciati , Zenab Yuliawati , Susanto Agus , Carolina Dyah Nindita , Hayati Ayu Trisna 
Published: January 2018

Oral health status among children has been proven of possessing strong relationship with general health status which is curently well documented. Oral health status illustrating periodontal tissues health might be affected by general health status actually associated with some diseases. This statement assumes that periodontal health is influenced by the diseases such as infection, chronic and degenerative diseases impairing general health status. Aim. The aim of this study was to examine oral health status and general health status among elementary students with age of 6-8 years old . Method. This study was descriptive with cross sectional method by selecting 44 students from several elementary school in Bandung City. Oral health status was established through determining oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S) and general health status was determined by using body mass index (BMI) through measuring body weight and height. The data gained was presented into tables. Result. The research results show that 70,45% respondents are male exhibiting the BMI mean of 13,22 with OHI-S mean of 1,12 meanwhile the female respondents is that 29,55% are having BMI mean of 12,67 and OHI-S mean is 1,58. Conclusion. Based on the data obtained, it can be concludes that the elementary students participated in this study either male and female are catagorized of having mild general health status showed by low BMI with mild oral health status indicated by moderate OHI-S
Editorial
Authors: Carvalho Aline Vieira de , Funari Pedro Paulo A. 
Published: January 2018

Após dois anos, retomamos o projeto e a publicação da Revista Arqueologia Pública! Continuamos com a proposta de abrir espaços para discussões democráticas e plurais neste campo arqueológico. Reconhecemos que não há consensos sobre o que é Arqueologia Pública, mas, independente dos consensos, acreditamos nesta Arqueologia como uma prática social engajada e que tem o compromisso da construção de diálogos e significações sobre Arqueologia, Memória, Patrimônio e Identidades (entre outros tantos eixos heterogêneos e amalgamados!) com diferentes comunidades.
FUNARI, Pedro Paulo; PIÑON, Ana. A temática indígena na escola: subsídios para os professores. São Paulo: Editora Contexto, 2011.
Authors: Carvalho Aline Vieira de , Menezes Victor Henrique da Silva 
Published: January 2018

Porque seria necessário produzir um livro sobre a temática indígena em sala de aula no Brasil nos dias de hoje? Afinal, a partir dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais discutimos exaustivamente em nossas escolas (e em nossos projetos pedagógicos) a questão da cidadania, da pluralidade do patrimônio sociocultural brasileiro, da luta contra qualquer forma de discriminação baseada em diferenças culturais (e também diferenças de classe social, de crenças, de sexo, de etnia ou outras características individuais e sociais), da pluralidade das memórias, entre outros temas onde, teoricamente, os grupos indígenas que compartilham o território que chamamos de Brasil estariam incluídos nos debates.
Arqueologia no Brasil e o panorama atual: os números de 11 anos de divulgação na Folha de S. Paulo
Authors: Tega Glória 
Published: January 2018

No presente artigo exponho os resultados obtidos a partir do levantamento quantitativo realizado com objetivo de ter um panorama parcial do que é divulgado na imprensa quando o assunto é Arqueologia. Foram selecionados 933 textos que abordavam questões relativas a essa ciência, publicados no jornal Folha de S. Paulo, ao longo dos anos de 2000 a 2010, que apareceram na ferramenta de busca da versão digital do jornal impresso. Esses textos foram comparados quantitativamente às licenças para a realização de pesquisas arqueológicas emitidas pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional, IPHAN, levantadas por Wichers (2010) e Zanettini (2009).
A arqueologia da repressão no contexto das ditaduras militares da Argentina, Uruguai e Brasil
Authors: Anjos Giullia Caldas dos 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo propõe-se a analisar a chamada “arqueologia da repressão” no Uruguai, na Argentina e no Brasil, a partir de obra de alguns autores que elegeram esse tema enquanto objeto de estudo, como, por exemplo, a de Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari, Andrés Zarankin e José Alberioni dos Reis, “Arqueologia da repressão e da resistência: América Latina na era das ditaduras (décadas de 1960-1980)”. Este artigo estrutura-se em quatro partes, abrangendo delimitação conceitual; breve histórico a respeito do período ditatorial nos três países tratados; como é trabalhada a arqueologia da repressão nos países em questão; e, por fim traçarei um paralelo entre a forma pela qual é visto este tipo de arqueologia em cada país, de que forma o seu estudo afeta as sociedades e qual é a importância que assumem tais evidências para estes países, que só muito recentemente, retomaram o estado de direito.
FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENURUNAN NAFSU MAKAN PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI TERAPI HEMODIALISIS (Studi Kasus di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo)
Authors: Faza Umi , Purnamasari Dyah Umiyarni , Yono Saryono 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with diminished appetite in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy. This study is an observational analytic research with cross sectional design. Population of this study was CKD outpatients undergoing hemodialysis therapy in July- August 2016 in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospitals. Amount of 58 subjects taken by consecutive sampling. Appetite, sex, age, length of hemodialysis, frequency of nausea/vomiting, and depression were measured using questionnaire. Subjects who diminished appetite were 58,6%. More than half subjects were male (56,9%). Amount of 84,5% subjects were adults (19-59 years), 63,8% undergoing hemodialysis >1year, 39,7% experienced nausea/ vomiting and 53,4% were depression. Based on Chi-Square Test/ Fisher Exact Test, diminished appetite significantly associated with length of hemodialysis (p=0,041), frequency of nausea/vomiting (p=0,014), and depression (p=0,002). Dominant factors affected diminished appetite were depression and length of hemodialysis. Diminished appetite in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy associated with length of hemodialysis, frequency of nausea/vomit, and depression.
Keyword : appetite, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysi
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor yang berhubungan dengan penurunan nafsu makan pada pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah pasien GGK rawat jalan yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis pada bulan Juli- Agustus 2016 di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Sebanyak 58 subjek diambil dengan cara consecutive sampling. Nafsu makan, jenis kelamin, usia, lama hemodialisis, frekuensi mual/muntah, dan depresi diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Responden yang mengalami penurunan nafsu makan sebanyak 58,6%. Lebih dari separuh responden (56,9%) berjenis kelamin laki- laki dan 84,5% responden berusia dewasa (19-59 tahun). Sebanyak 63,8% responden menjalani hemodialisis >1tahun. Responden yang mengalami mual/muntah berat sebanyak 39,7% dan 53,4% mengalami depresi. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat menggunakan Uji Chi- Square/ Fisher Exact diperoleh hasil bahwa nafsu makan berhubungan secara signifikan dengan lama hemodialisis (p=0,041), frekuensi mual/ muntah (p=0,014), dan depresi (p=0,002). Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi penurunan nafsu makan adalah depresi dan lama hemodialisis. Penurunan nafsu makan pada pasien GGK yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis berhubungan dengan lama hemodialisis, frekuensi mual/muntah, dan depresi.
Kata kunci : gagal ginjal, hemodialisa, nafsu makan
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN ASUPAN CAIRAN DAN NATRIUM PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK (Studi Kasus pada Pasien yang Menjalani Hemodialisis di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto)
Authors: Fitriani Eka , Krisnansari Diah , Winarsi Hery 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
This observational study using cross sectional design. Sampling method using purposive sampling and got 35 participants who were CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospital, Purwokerto. The data of participant characteristic, length of time since the initiation of hemodialysis therapy, knowledge, attitude, and social support were collected by using questionnares. Patient’s compliance to fluid and natrium intake was collected by calculating fluid and natrium intake level. Data were analyzed using Fisher test. Most participants did not comply with fluid restriction, but complied with natrium restriction. All factors that have been analized had no correlation to fluid and natrium intake compliance (p > 0,05), except gender and social support factor that had correlation to fluid intake compliance (p < 0,05). Male patients needed an intensive assistance so that fluid intake compliance increased. Moreover, social support from family and others needed to achieve this goal.

Keywords: Fluid and natriumi intake compliance, gender, hemodialyss, social, support
ABSTRAK
Penelitian observasional ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan didapatkan 35 peserta penderita CKD yang menjalani hemodialisis di Rumah Sakit Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo, Purwokerto. Data karakteristik peserta, lamanya waktu sejak dimulainya terapi hemodialisis, pengetahuan, sikap, dan dukungan sosial dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Ketaatan pasien terhadap asupan cairan dan natrium dikumpulkan dengan menghitung tingkat asupan cairan dan natrium. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Fisher. Sebagian besar peserta tidak mematuhi pembatasan cairan, namun sesuai dengan batasan natrium. Semua faktor yang telah dianalisis tidak memiliki korelasi dengan kepatuhan asupan cairan dan natrium (p> 0,05), kecuali faktor pendukung gender dan sosial yang memiliki korelasi terhadap kepatuhan asupan cairan (p <0,05). Pasien laki-laki membutuhkan bantuan intensif agar kepatuhan asupan cairan meningkat. Apalagi dukungan sosial dari keluarga dan orang lain perlu untuk mencapai tujuan ini.
Kata kunci: Kepatuhan cairan dan natrium, jenis kelamin, hemodialisis, dukungan sosial