bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond the Storm: Comparison of Clinical Factors, Arrhythmogenic Substrate, and Catheter Ablation Outcomes in Structural Heart Disease Patients With versus Those Without a History of Ventricular Tachycardia Storm
Authors: KUMAR SAURABH , FUJII AKIRA , KAPUR SUNIL , ROMERO JORGE , MEHTA NISHAKI K. , TANIGAWA SHINICHI , EPSTEIN LAURENCE M. , KOPLAN BRUCE A. , MICHAUD GREGORY F. , JOHN ROY M. , STEVENSON WILLIAM G. , TEDROW USHA B. 
Published: October 2016

Differences in VT Storm versus Nonstorm PatientsAimsCatheter ablation can be lifesaving in ventricular tachycardia (VT) storm, but the underlying substrate in patients with storm is not well characterized. We sought to compare the clinical factors, substrate, and outcomes differences in patients with sustained monomorphic VT who present for catheter ablation with VT storm versus those with a nonstorm presentation.MethodsConsecutive ischemic (ICM; n = 554) or nonischemic cardiomyopathy patients (NICM; n = 369) with a storm versus nonstorm presentation were studied (ICM storm 186; NICM storm 101).ResultsIn ICM, storm compared with nonstorm patients had significantly lower left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), greater number of antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) failures, slower VTs, greater number of scarred LV segments, higher incidence of anterior, septal, and apical endocardial LV scar (all P < 0.05). However, outcomes in follow‐up were similar (12‐month ventricular arrhythmia [VA]‐free survival: 51% vs. 52%, P = 0.6; survival free of death/transplant 75% vs. 87%, P = 0.7). In addition to the above differences, NICM storm patients were also older; however, the extent and distribution of scar was similar except for a higher incidence of lateral endocardial scar in storm patients (P = 0.05). VA‐free survival (36% vs. 47%, P = 0.004) and survival free of death/transplant, however, were worse in NICM storm than nonstorm patients (72% vs. 88%, P = 0.001). NICM storm patients had worse VA‐free survival than ICM storm patients.ConclusionThere are differences in clinical factors and scar patterns in patients undergoing VT ablation who present with VT storm versus those with a nonstorm presentation. Clinical outcomes are worse in NICM storm patients.
Effect of disinfection and sterilization on the tensile strength, surface roughness, and wettability of elastomers
Authors: Kotha Sunil Babu , Ramakrishnaiah Ravikumar , Devang Divakar Darshan , Celur Sree Lalita , Qasim Saad , Matinlinna Jukka P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of chemical disinfection, autoclave, and microwave sterilization on some of the key properties of elastomers.MethodsFive polyvinylsiloxane elastomeric impression materials were evaluated. Forty samples were fabricated from each material. The samples were randomly selected and assigned to four experimental groups with 50 samples each: group I, control; group II,chemical disinfection; group III, autoclave sterilization; and group IV, microwave sterilization. The differences in the mean values were contrasted and compared with the control group and analyzed using two‐way analysis of variance (P < 0.05).ResultsThe results showed that chemical disinfection and autoclave sterilization had no significant effect on the tensile strength and surface roughness, whereas microwave sterilization showed a statistically‐significant reduction in tensile strength, and an increase in surface roughness. None of the disinfection and sterilization techniques had a significant effect on wettability. However, autoclave and microwave sterilization resulted in an increase in hydrophilicity of all the materials tested.ConclusionChemical disinfection and autoclave sterilization had no statistically‐significant effect on the tested properties of elastomers, thus autoclave sterilization can be considered as an alternative and an effective mode of disinfection and sterilization to eliminate all forms of disease causing microorganisms from dental impressions.
Issues related to diagnosing oral lichen planus among oral pathologists in South India: A pilot survey
Authors: Sanketh D. Sharathkumar , Srinivasan Samuel Raj , Patil Shankargouda , Ranganathan Kannan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimIn the present study, we simulated clinical scenarios by explicitly describing the history and clinical and histological features of hypothetical patients presenting with oral lichen planus (OLP), oral lichenoid lesion, and epithelial dysplasia in a self‐designed questionnaire. By doing so, we aimed to elicit a diagnosis from oral pathologists and trainees, analyze their responses, appraise issues, and propose solutions regarding the diagnosis of OLP.MethodsThe questionnaire was distributed to 100 oral pathologists and trainees in South India. Six questions were designed to assess awareness of the diagnostic aspects of OLP. Ten questions were hypothetical clinical scenarios (HCS) devised to evaluate respondents' knowledge of diagnostic guidelines and the criteria used by the respondents to render a diagnosis.ResultsThere were 60 of 100 responses to the questionnaire. More than half the respondents were aware of the World Health Organization and modified guidelines of OLP. We observed considerable variations in diagnoses for the HCS.ConclusionsOur study illustrates the ambiguity in rendering an accurate diagnosis, despite adequate guidelines. Based on the responses for the HCS, we hypothesized that changes in the distribution (unilateral or bilateral) and clinical characteristic of OLP, and habits of patients, have a significant bearing on the clinical and final diagnoses of the lesion.
Safety and Efficacy of Using a Single Transradial MAC Guiding Catheter for Coronary Angiography and Intervention in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Guo Jincheng , Chen Wenming , Wang Guozhong , Liu Zijing , Hao Minghui , Xu Min , Zhu Fuli 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundThere are limited data on the impact of using a single dedicated radial guiding catheter in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via radial access.ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of using a single guiding catheter (MAC 3.5) for left and right coronary angiography and intervention on catheterization laboratory door to balloon (C2B) time in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).MethodsThree hundred and sixty patients were randomized (1:1) to using a single MAC3.5 guiding catheter (MAC group) or diagnostic Tiger catheter first for coronary angiography followed by guiding catheter selection (control group) for intervention. The primary outcomes were C2B. The secondary outcomes were major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 30 days and 6 months.ResultsMedian C2B time (16.6 min, interquartile range [IQR] 14.3–20.2 min vs 19.0 min, IQR 14.3–23.1 min; P < 0.001), total procedure time (31.0 min, IQR 26.4–37.7 min vs 34.8 min, IQR 29.7–42.5 min, P < 0.001), and overall fluoroscopy time (8.0 min, IQR 6.4–10.4 min vs 8.8 min, IQR 6.5–12.2, P = 0.04) were significantly reduced in MAC Group. Contrast consumption were similar among both groups (103 ± 37 ml vs 110 ± 41 ml, P = 0.16). The MACE rate in MAC group and control group was 3.3 versus 4.4% (P = 0.586) at 30 days and 3.3 versus 5.0% (P = 0.429) at 6 months, respectively.ConclusionsA single MAC3.5 guiding catheter for coronary angiography and intervention can shorten C2B time, procedure time, and fluoroscopy time. (RAPID study; NCT01759043).
Forecasting oral absorption across biopharmaceutics classification system classes with physiologically based pharmacokinetic models
Authors: Hansmann Simone , Darwich Adam , Margolskee Alison , Aarons Leon , Dressman Jennifer 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was (1) to determine how closely physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models can predict oral bioavailability using a priori knowledge of drug-specific properties and (2) to examine the influence of the biopharmaceutics classification system class on the simulation success.

Methods
Simcyp Simulator, GastroPlus™ and GI-Sim were used. Compounds with published Biowaiver monographs (bisoprolol (BCS I), nifedipine (BCS II), cimetidine (BCS III), furosemide (BCS IV)) were selected to ensure availability of accurate and reproducible data for all required parameters. Simulation success was evaluated with the average fold error (AFE) and absolute average fold error (AAFE). Parameter sensitivity analysis (PSA) to selected parameters was performed.

Key findings
Plasma concentration–time profiles after intravenous administration were forecast within an AAFE &lt; 3. The addition of absorption processes resulted in more variability in the prediction of the plasma profiles, irrespective of biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class. The reliability of literature permeability data was identified as a key issue in the accuracy of predicting oral drug absorption.

Conclusion
For the four drugs studied, it appears that the forecasting accuracy of the PBPK models is related to the BCS class (BCS I &gt; BCS II, BCS III &gt; BCS IV). These results will need to be verified with additional drugs.
Romantic Evolutions: Introduction
Authors: Lambier Joshua D. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThough the Romantic era is often imagined as the “age of revolution,” recent criticism in the field has seen renewed interest in Romanticism's relationship to evolution, including the resurgence of such topics as organicism, vitalism, natural history, and natural philosophy, as well as other salient themes from the physical and life sciences. This essay offers a contextual introduction for a cluster of articles around the topic of evolution as a concept for literary theory and criticism in Romantic studies, articles that focus critical attention on complex evolutionary ideas like contingency, chance, species transformation, monstrosity, extinction, and the inhuman. The aim ofRomantic Evolutionsis to reimagine prevailing notions of evolution by tracing their modern origins to literary, cultural, and scientific discourses of the transitional period 1775–1859, a time that witnessed the genesis of the modern idea of “literature” alongside of the emergence of specialized disciplines, such as geology, biology, physiology, chemistry, psychology, and anthropology. Instead of searching through 18th‐ and early 19th‐century science for “forerunners” to the Darwinian revolution, the essays in the volume focus attention on the important contributions of Romantic poets, philosophers, and scientists who have too often been overlooked by the empirical sciences. And yet, by shifting the central focus away from Darwin and his theory of natural selection, contributors also revisit his relationship to Romanticism with fresh eyes. Taken together, the volume seeks to provoke a reevaluation of our current understanding of the Romantic conception of evolution, one that will open new critical perspectives and orientations for scholars within and beyond the field.
Collection, Exhibition and Evolution: The Romantic Museum
Authors: Thomas Sophie 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn the evolutionary pre‐history of the modern museum, the eclectic collections of the Romantic period tend to fall somewhere in between the early modern curiosity cabinet, the encyclopaedic enlightenment museum and the orderly public institutions of the later 19th century. This essay explores the place of the Romantic museum in that narrative and the usefulness of evolution as a metaphor for museum history, specifically in relation to questions of orderliness and the visual in the popular reception of museums in the period and in Darwin's engagement of those topics in On the Origin of Species (1859). A variety of late 18th‐century and early 19th‐century examples, and an eclectic cast of characters, are foregrounded: from the Duchess of Portland and her copious collections, to Rackstrow's museum of morbid curiosities, Sir Ashton Lever's Holophusikon (devoted largely to natural history) and the surgeon John Hunter's anatomical specimens. In these cases and others, the associative and imaginative capacities of the viewer are called upon to ‘make sense’ of the latent (dis)orderliness of things.
Response
Authors: Sachs Jonathan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis response to the series of articles on the theme of “Romanticism and Evolution” considers the collective significance of the essays gathered here.It considers the representation of slowness, the idea of the imagination, and the relation between the living and the non‐living to think about how romantic writing helped to create the conditions of possibility out of which evolutionary theory emerged, and also how it might question the very idea of development commonly associated with evolution. The response thus highlights overlapping concerns and significant differences in the collected essays while pointing the way for future research.
An unusual occurrence of coesite at the Lonar crater, India
Authors: Jaret Steven J. , Phillips Brian L. , King David T. , Glotch Tim D. , Rahman Zia , Wright Shawn P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCoesite has been identified within ejected blocks of shocked basalt at Lonar crater, India. This is the first report of coesite from the Lonar crater. Coesite occurs within SiO2 glass as distinct ~30 μm spherical aggregates of “granular coesite” identifiable both with optical petrography and with micro‐Raman spectroscopy. The coesite+glass occurs only within former silica amygdules, which is also the first report of high‐pressure polymorphs forming from a shocked secondary mineral. Detailed petrography and NMR spectroscopy suggest that the coesite crystallized directly from a localized SiO2 melt, as the result of complex interactions between the shock wave and these vesicle fillings.
Phellinus species: An emerging cause of refractory fungal infections in patients with X‐linked chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Haidar Ghady , Zerbe Christa S. , Cheng Michelle , Zelazny Adrian M. , Holland Steven M. , Sheridan Kathleen R. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryAspergillus spp. are a leading cause of mortality in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), but other fungi have emerged in the era of mould prophylaxis. Of these, Phellinus spp. are an under‐recognised cause of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in CGD, and data on their presentation and management are scarce. We present a patient with CGD who developed disseminated IFI involving the lungs and brain. Surgical specimens grew a basidiomycete which was disregarded as a contaminant. After three months of progressive disease despite antifungals, he was diagnosed with Phellinus tropicalis by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. He improved with amphotericin B and isavuconazole but required haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We review the literature on Phellinus infections in CGD and conclude that: (i) these infections emerge on mould‐active prophylaxis and are indolent; (ii) they typically cause locally destructive disease but can disseminate; (iii) diagnosis is delayed and requires molecular methods; (iv) amphotericin B is most active in vitro; and (v) treatment is protracted and requires surgery and possibly HSCT. In conclusion, Phellinus spp. are emerging pathogens in CGD. Every effort should be made to establish the diagnosis of non‐Aspergillus IFIs in patients with CGD by sending tissue specimens for molecular diagnostics.
A Spirituality of Reconciliation: Lessons from Rwanda
Authors: Maskulak Marian 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRobert Schreiter has examined the topic of a Christian understanding of reconciliation in the context of large scale global violence. One of his key notions is that, along with God's grace, forgiveness extended by the victim to the oppressor is the primary element that opens the path towards reconciliation. In this way, the victim acts as the subject or agent of reconciliation. Significantly, the object of reconciliation is the oppressor's humanity – not the act committed. Such a position correlates well with Julian of Norwich's depiction of a God of no blame and no wrath which may be best understood when one distinguishes between persons and their sinful acts. While work towards social and individual reconciliation continues in post‐genocide Rwanda, a number of bona fide acts of forgiveness by survivors are supportive of these views. Without dismissing the need for human accountability and for injustices to be addressed, people such as Immaculée Ilibagiza and Célestin Musekura have been able to take that first step of forgiving by distinguishing between the humanity of the perpetrator and the act committed. Their concrete examples provide a closer look at the dynamics of a Christian spirituality of reconciliation in its theological and practical realms.
Thomas Aquinas on the Grace of Knowing God: A study of judgment through inclination and through the gift of grace
Authors: Lee Bryony 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn the Summa Theologiae Thomas Aquinas mentions a kind of judgment of virtue through inclination. He uses it to explain how, through the gift of grace, a finite human being can know an infinite God. His arguments show that his negative judgment of the significatory capacity of speculative likeness, as source of knowing God, does not have to be taken as his last word on the possibility of positive (albeit imperfect) knowledge of Him in this life. Rather, it becomes clear that Thomas thinks that, as the forming of the tendency of the will through pursuit of a natural good can be the ‘remote’ (to use his term), non-discursive, source of judgment of that good, so the divine good of the gift of grace in the essence of the soul can be a remote source of positive (albeit imperfect) judgment of divine things. The differences and similarities of the two kinds of judgment are discussed, and verification issues are examined in conclusion. Thomas’ remarks on the two kinds of judgment deserve more study, since they challenge the almost universal acceptance of relativism as well as the extent of authority given to post-enlightenment methods of verification.
The priming molecule β‐aminobutyric acid is naturally present in plants and is induced by stress
Authors: Thevenet Damien , Pastor Victoria , Baccelli Ivan , Balmer Andrea , Vallat Armelle , Neier Reinhard , Glauser Gaétan , Mauch‐Mani Brigitte 
Published: October 2016

Summary

The defense system of a plant can be primed for increased defense, resulting in an augmented stress resistance and/or tolerance. Priming can be triggered by biotic and abiotic stimuli, as well as by chemicals such as β‐aminobutyric acid (BABA), a nonprotein amino acid considered so far a xenobiotic. Since the perception mechanism of BABA has been recently identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, in the present study we explored the possibility that plants do synthesize BABA.

After developing a reliable method to detect and quantify BABA in plant tissues, and unequivocally separate it from its two isomers α‐ and γ‐aminobutyric acid, we measured BABA levels in stressed and nonstressed A. thaliana plants, and in different plant species.

We show that BABA is a natural product of plants and that the endogenous levels of BABA increase rapidly after infection with necrotrophic, biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens, as well as after salt stress and submergence.

Our results place the rise in endogenous BABA levels to a point of convergence in plant stress response and provide biological significance to the presence of a receptor in plants. These findings can explain the extremely widespread efficacy of BABA and open the way to unravel the early steps of priming.
Sufentanil Sublingual Tablet 30 mcg for the Management of Pain Following Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled, Phase‐3 Study
Authors: Minkowitz Harold S. , Leiman David , Melson Timothy , Singla Neil , DiDonato Karen P. , Palmer Pamela P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundResults from a phase‐3, prospective, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial evaluating sufentanil sublingual tablet 30 mcg (SST) for the management of pain after ambulatory abdominal surgery are presented.MethodsAdults with American Society of Anesthesiologists status 1 to 3 scheduled to undergo abdominoplasty, open tension‐free inguinal hernioplasty, or laparoscopic abdominal surgery under general or spinal anesthesia that did not include intrathecal opioids during the operation were eligible. Opioid‐tolerant patients were excluded. The primary endpoint was the time‐weighted summed pain intensity difference to baseline (SPID) over 12 hours. Secondary endpoints included SPID over 24 and 48 hours, total pain relief, and patient and healthcare professional (HCP) global assessments.ResultsOverall, 161 patients were randomized to SST (N = 107) or placebo (N = 54); pain scores were recorded for up to 48 hours. SPID 12 was higher (greater pain intensity reduction from baseline) in the SST group compared with placebo (25.8 vs. 13.1; P < 0.001, with a difference of 12.7 [95% confidence interval 7.16, 18.23]). In the SST group, a greater proportion of patients and HCPs responded “good” or “excellent” on the global assessments compared with placebo (P < 0.001 for both). There was a numerically, but not statistically, higher incidence of nausea and headache in the SST group.ConclusionsIn patients following abdominal surgery in an ambulatory care setting, SST was an effective opioid analgesic in postoperative pain management. In addition, SST was well tolerated with mild‐to‐moderate side effects, similar to those found in placebo‐treated patients.
The theory of resilience and relational load
Authors: AFIFI TAMARA D. , MERRILL ANNE F. , DAVIS SHARDE 
Published: October 2016

AbstractResilience is one of the most profound constructs across disciplines. Yet, the largely atheoretical nature of the research on resilience continues to make it elusive. A new theory of stress and resilience in close relationships—the theory of resilience and relational load (TRRL)—is advanced to fill this void in the literature. The theory bridges communicative, perceptual, and physiological aspects of stress within the context of social relationships to explain personal/relational risk, resilience, and thriving. The TRRL examines how relational partners' and family members' communal orientation and maintenance of their relationships on a daily basis influence their communication during stressful moments, as well as their appraisals of the stress. The theory also details how these communication patterns and appraisals influence personal and relational health and adaptation. Finally, the concept of relational load is set forth, which is the wear and tear that chronic stress and depletion of one's emotional, psychological, and relational resources through repeated, stress‐related conversations can have on relationships. Ultimately, people need to continually invest in their relationships to prevent relational load and foster resilience and possible thriving.