bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcranial motor evoked potential waveform changes in corrective fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuyoshi , Imagama Shiro , Ito Zenya , Ando Kei , Hida Tetsuro , Ito Kenyu , Tsushima Mikito , Ishikawa Yoshimoto , Matsumoto Akiyuki , Nishida Yoshihiro , Ishiguro Naoki 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE
Corrective surgery for spinal deformities can lead to neurological complications. Several reports have described spinal cord monitoring in surgery for spinal deformity, but only a few have included patients younger than 20 years with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The goal of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of cases with intraoperative transcranial motor evoked potential (Tc-MEP) waveform deterioration during posterior corrective fusion for AIS.

METHODS
A prospective database was reviewed, comprising 68 patients with AIS who were treated with posterior corrective fusion in a prospective database. A total of 864 muscles in the lower extremities were chosen for monitoring, and acceptable baseline responses were obtained from 819 muscles (95%). Intraoperative Tc-MEP waveform deterioration was defined as a decrease in intraoperative amplitude of ≥ 70% of the control waveform. Age, Cobb angle, flexibility, operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), intraoperative body temperature, blood pressure, number of levels fused, and correction rate were examined in patients with and without waveform deterioration.

RESULTS
The patients (3 males and 65 females) had an average age of 14.4 years (range 11–19 years). The mean Cobb angles before and after surgery were 52.9° and 11.9°, respectively, giving a correction rate of 77.4%. Fourteen patients (20%) exhibited an intraoperative waveform change, and these occurred during incision (14%), after screw fixation (7%), during the rotation maneuver (64%), during placement of the second rod after the rotation maneuver (7%), and after intervertebral compression (7%). Most waveform changes recovered after decreased correction or rest. No patient had a motor deficit postoperatively. In multivariate analysis, EBL (OR 1.001, p = 0.085) and number of levels fused (OR 1.535, p = 0.045) were associated with waveform deterioration.

CONCLUSIONS
Waveform deterioration commonly occurred during rotation maneuvers and more frequently in patients with a larger preoperative Cobb angle. The significant relationships of EBL and number of levels fused with waveform deterioration suggest that these surgical invasions may be involved in waveform deterioration.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebellar arteriovenous malformations: an international multicenter study
Authors: Cohen-Inbar Or , Starke Robert M. , Kano Hideyuki , Bowden Gregory , Huang Paul , Rodriguez-Mercado Rafael , Almodovar Luis , Grills Inga S. , Mathieu David , Silva Danilo , Abbassy Mahmoud , Missios Symeon , Lee John Y. K. , Barnett Gene H. , Kondziolka Douglas , Lunsford L. Dade , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVECerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) represent the majority of infratentorial AVMs and frequently have a hemorrhagic presentation. In this multicenter study, the authors review outcomes of cerebellar AVMs after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).METHODSEight medical centers contributed data from 162 patients with cerebellar AVMs managed with SRS. Of these patients, 65% presented with hemorrhage. The median maximal nidus diameter was 2 cm. Favorable outcome was defined as AVM obliteration and no posttreatment hemorrhage or permanent radiation-induced complications (RICs). Patients were followed clinically and radiographically, with a median follow-up of 60 months (range 7–325 months).RESULTSThe overall actuarial rates of obliteration at 3, 5, 7, and 10 years were 38.3%, 74.2%, 81.4%, and 86.1%, respectively, after single-session SRS. Obliteration and a favorable outcome were more likely to be achieved in patients treated with a margin dose greater than 18 Gy (p < 0.001 for both), demonstrating significantly better rates (83.3% and 79%, respectively). The rate of latency preobliteration hemorrhage was 0.85%/year. Symptomatic post-SRS RICs developed in 4.5% of patients (n = 7). Predictors of a favorable outcome were a smaller nidus (p = 0.0001), no pre-SRS embolization (p = 0.003), no prior hemorrhage (p = 0.0001), a higher margin dose (p = 0.0001), and a higher maximal dose (p = 0.009). The Spetzler-Martin grade was not found to be predictive of outcome. The Virginia Radiosurgery AVM Scale score (p = 0.0001) and the Radiosurgery-Based AVM Scale score (p = 0.0001) were predictive of a favorable outcome.CONCLUSIONSSRS results in successful obliteration and a favorable outcome in the majority of patients with cerebellar AVMs. Most patients will require a nidus dose of higher than 18 Gy to achieve these goals. Radiosurgical and not microsurgical scales were predictive of clinical outcome after SRS.
Clinical predictors of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion
Authors: Ellis Michael J. , Cordingley Dean M. , Vis Sara , Reimer Karen M. , Leiter Jeff , Russell Kelly 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE
There were 2 objectives of this study. The first objective was to identify clinical variables associated with vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) detected at initial consultation among pediatric patients with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS). The second objective was to reexamine the prevalence of VOD in this clinical cohort and evaluate the effect of VOD on length of recovery and the development of PCS.

METHODS
A retrospective review was conducted for all patients with acute SRC and PCS who were evaluated at a pediatric multidisciplinary concussion program from September 2013 to May 2015. Acute SRS was defined as presenting < 30 days postinjury, and PCS was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision criteria and included being symptomatic 30 days or longer postinjury. The initial assessment included clinical history and physical examination performed by 1 neurosurgeon. Patients were assessed for VOD, defined as the presence of more than 1 subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, diplopia, blurred vision, etc.) and more than 1 objective physical examination finding (abnormal near point of convergence, smooth pursuits, saccades, or vestibulo-ocular reflex testing). Poisson regression analysis was used to identify factors that increased the risk of VOD at initial presentation and the development of PCS.

RESULTS
Three hundred ninety-nine children, including 306 patients with acute SRC and 93 with PCS, were included. Of these patients, 30.1% of those with acute SRC (65.0% male, mean age 13.9 years) and 43.0% of those with PCS (41.9% male, mean age 15.4 years) met the criteria for VOD at initial consultation. Independent predictors of VOD at initial consultation included female sex, preinjury history of depression, posttraumatic amnesia, and presence of dizziness, blurred vision, or difficulty focusing at the time of injury. Independent predictors of PCS among patients with acute SRC included the presence of VOD at initial consultation, preinjury history of depression, and posttraumatic amnesia at the time of injury.

CONCLUSIONS
This study identified important potential risk factors for the development of VOD following pediatric SRC. These results provide confirmatory evidence that VOD at initial consultation is associated with prolonged recovery and is an independent predictor for the development of PCS. Future studies examining clinical prediction rules in pediatric concussion should include VOD. Additional research is needed to elucidate the natural history of VOD following SRC and establish evidence-based indications for targeted vestibular rehabilitation.
Preoperative mental health status may not be predictive of improvements in patient-reported outcomes following an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Mayo Benjamin C. , Massel Dustin H. , Bohl Daniel D. , Narain Ankur S. , Hijji Fady Y. , Long William W. , Modi Krishna D. , Basques Bryce A. , Yacob Alem , Singh Kern 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE
Prior studies have correlated preoperative depression and poor mental health status with inferior patient-reported outcomes following lumbar spinal procedures. However, literature regarding the effect of mental health on outcomes following cervical spinal surgery is limited. As such, the purpose of this study is to test for the association of preoperative SF-12 Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores with improvements in Neck Disability Index (NDI), SF-12 Physical Component Summary (PCS), and neck and arm pain following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

METHODS
A prospectively maintained surgical database of patients who underwent a primary 1- or 2-level ACDF during 2014–2015 was reviewed. Patients were excluded if they did not have complete patient-reported outcome data for the preoperative or 6-week, 12-week, or 6-month postoperative visits. At baseline, preoperative SF-12 MCS score was assessed for association with preoperative NDI, neck visual analog scale (VAS) score, arm VAS score, and SF-12 PCS score. The preoperative MCS score was then tested for association with changes in NDI, neck VAS, arm VAS, and SF-12 PCS scores from the preoperative visit to postoperative visits. These tests were conducted using multivariate regression controlling for baseline characteristics as well as for the preoperative score for the patient-reported outcome being assessed.

RESULTS
A total of 52 patients were included in the analysis. At baseline, a higher preoperative MCS score was negatively associated with a lower preoperative NDI (coefficient: −0.74, p < 0.001) and preoperative arm VAS score (−0.06, p = 0.026), but not preoperative neck VAS score (−0.03, p = 0.325) or SF-12 PCS score (0.04, p = 0.664). Additionally, there was no association between preoperative MCS score and improvement in NDI, neck VAS, arm VAS, or SF-12 PCS score at any of the postoperative time points (6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months, p > 0.05 for each). The percentage of patients achieving a minimum clinically important difference at 6 months did not differ between the bottom and top MCS score halves (p > 0.05 for each).

CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study suggest that better preoperative mental health status is associated with lower perceived preoperative disability but is not associated with severity of preoperative neck or arm pain. In contrast to other studies, the present study was unable to demonstrate that preoperative mental health is predictive of improvement in patient-reported outcomes at any postoperative time point following an ACDF.
Mental chronometry and mental rotation abilities in stroke patients with different degrees of sensory deficit
Authors: Liepert Joachim , Büsching Imke , Sehle Aida , Schoenfeld Mircea Ariel 
Published: September 2016

Background: Motor imagery is used for treatment of motor deficits after stroke. Clinical observations suggested that motor imagery abilities might be reduced in patients with severe sensory deficits. This study investigated the influence of somatosensory deficits on temporal (mental chronometry, MC) and spatial aspects of motor imagery abilities. Methods: Stroke patients ( n = 70; <6 months after stroke) were subdivided into 3 groups according to their somatosensory functions. Group 1 ( n = 31) had no sensory deficits, group 2 ( n = 27) had a mild to moderate sensory impairment and group 3 ( n = 12) had severe sensory deficits. Patients and a healthy age-matched control group ( n = 23) participated in a mental chronometry task (Box and Block Test, BBT) and a mental rotation task (Hand Identification Test, HIT). MC abilities were expressed as a ratio (motor execution time–motor imagery time/motor execution time). Results: MC for the affected hand was significantly impaired in group 3 in comparison to stroke patients of group 1 ( p = 0.006), group 2 ( p = 0.005) and healthy controls ( p < 0.001). For the non-affected hand MC was similar across all groups. Stroke patients had a slower BBT motor execution than healthy controls ( p < 0.001), and group 1 executed the task faster than group 3 ( p = 0.002). The percentage of correct responses in the HIT was similar for all groups. Conclusion: Severe sensory deficits impair mental chronometry abilities but have no impact on mental rotation abilities. Future studies should explore whether the presence of severe sensory deficits in stroke patients reduces the benefit from motor imagery therapy.
Toxicological effects of raw jack beans, bambara groundnuts and benne seeds on organs of cockerel
Authors: Akanji AM , Fasina OE , Ogungbesan AM 
Published: September 2016

The study was carried out to determine and compare the toxicological effects of raw jack beans (RJB), bambara groundnuts (RBG) and benne seeds (RBS) on organs of cockerels (Goldmine strain).Full fat soya was replaced with RJB, RBG and RBS at 25% and 50% levels, respectively. One hundred and forty (140) cockerels were randomly distributed into seven dietary groups in an eight week feeding trial. Antinutritional factors such as canavanine, haemagglutinin, trypsin inhibitor, tannin and phytate contents were analyzed in the plant seeds. At the end of eighth week, the birds were killed by cervical dislocation while the internal organs were quickly dissected out. The liver, kidney, pancreas and testis were thereafter preserved in 10% formalin solution. The tissues of the organs were trimmed, fixed in Bouins fixative for 24h, embedded in wax, sectioned at 6µm with microtome and finally stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histopathological examination. The livers of the birds fed 25% RJB and 50% RJB showed extensive multifocal and lymphocytic infiltration with necrosis of hepatocytes. Moreover, the pancreas of birds fed RBG and RJB based diets showed necrosis of glandular cells, lymphoid aggregates, thickening of the supporting stroma and multifocal interstitial lymphocytic infiltration. In the testes of birds fed 25% RJB and 50% RJB, there was extensive degeneration of the seminiferous tubular epithelia cells with widespread interstitial lymphocytic infiltrations of the stroma. The liver, pancreas, kidney and testes of birds fed RBS showed moderate lesions. It is concluded in this study that RJB showed more toxicity than RBG and RBS with respect to lesions in the organs, thus depicting a severe negative effect when fed to cockerels. There is therefore the need to detoxify the raw plant seeds with a view to enhancing their nutritive value in diets of cockerels.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (2): 18-23
Phenotypic Detection of AmpC B-Lactamases in Gram Negative Bacteria
Authors: Karim Fazlul , Rashid Haxunur , Sattar Abu  Naser Ibne , Aluned Sharmeen , Saleh Ahmed Abu , Sattar Huma]un , Miah Md.  Ruhul Amin 
Published: September 2016

This study was carried out to detect AmpC f}-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria. A total of 374 bacterialisolates from primary cultures of wound swab (n:196) and urine (n:178) specimens collected from BSMMU andDMCH were investigated. Among the total 374 isolates, 344 (91.98o/o) were Gram-negative and 30 (8.027o) wereGram-positive bacteria. Majority of the Gram-negative bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli isolated from 160(46.520/0) of the cases followed by Pseudomonas species (74,19.79o ), Klebsiella species (4i2,l1.23oh), Enterobacterspecies (28,7.49o/o) and Enterococcus species (20, 5.35yo). All isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibilitytest by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and Gram-negative lst line-drug-resistant isolates were tested for AmpCf3-lactamase production by disc approximation test. Amon g 344 Gram-nrcgative bacteria isolated, 183(53.2%) were1st-line-drug-resistant of which AmpC fJ-lactamase was detected in 51 (27.8 7o/o) isolates.. The highest rate of AmpC Blactamase production was observed among Enterobacter spp. (5/10, 50o/o), followed by E. coli (23174,31o/o), Klebsiellaspp. (7127,25.92oh), Pseudomonas spp. (11145,24.44o/o), Acinetobacter spp. (3/15, 20r/o) and Proteus spp. (2112,16.670 ). Among individual samples,AmpC positive strains were found as the highest in isolates from urine (22/69,31.8870), closely followed by in burn wounds (30.88%) and surgical wounds (17.39oh). AmpC f3-lactamase producingE. coli was found as the highest in burn wounds (50o/o), Klebsiella spp. in urine samples (30.770 ), Pseudomonas spp.in burn. and surgical wounds (25oh), Enterobacter spp. in burn wounds (507o), and Acinetobacter spp. in urine(28.57oh). Proteus spp. was found only in burn wounds (22.22o/o). All AmpC f3-lactamase producers were sensitive toImipenem (100%). Considerable numbers of AmpC producing bacteria were detected from wound infection andurinary tract infection cases which indicate that AmpC is a major threat for antibiotic therapy.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol2008;02(01):28-32DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v2i1.21930
Comparison of Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay as a Confirmatory Test to Detect Antibody to Human Immunodeficiency Virus with Line Imuune Assay and Western Blot Methods
Authors: Alam Ahmed Nawsher , Siddiqua Mahmuda , Tabassum Shahina , Islam Md Nazrul 
Published: September 2016

In low prevalent countries of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) like Bangladesh, it is recommended that all HIVpositive sera tested by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and/or rapid tests should be confirmed by Line Immune Assay (LIA) or Western Blot (WB) method. As these two tests are quite expensive, Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) was evaluated as a confirmatory test and as an alternative to these two methods in the present study. A total of 92 subjects consisting of 46 HIV-antibody-positive patients and 46 controls were included in the study. All samples of sera were tested by ELISA and IFA methods, and some 34 of 46 HIV-antibody-positive samples were tested by LIA. One ELISA positive serum was found negative by both IFA and LIA. This result indicates that ELISA was 100% sensitive and 98.7% specific for detection of HIV antibody. Comparison between LIA with IFA on 34 samples, and WB with IFA on 26 samples showed 100% correlation between these methods. The study concluded that the IFA method is equal in performance as LIA and WB methods for the detection of antibody to HIV and can be used as a confirmatory test.
Diagnostic Role ofAnti-Lectin Antibodies for the Detection ofAmoebic Liver Abscess
Authors: Munshi Saif 
Published: September 2016

In this prospective study, among 47 clinically suspected cases of Liver abscess, 46 were diagnosed as of Amoebic origin. Confirmation of Amoebic Liver abscess (ALA) was done by ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene detection from Liver abscess pus using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In addition, microscopy for detection of the parasite in Liver abscess pus, and Lectin antigen as well as anti-Lectin antibody were detected by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) from both abscess pus and sera samples. Microscopically, 05 (10.89%) samples were found positive for motile Entamoeba histolytica and E. histolytica rRNA gene were detected in 46 (97.8%) cases by real-time PCR. Among the 47 Liver abscess pus, 12 (25.54%) were E. histolytica Lectin antigen positive and 4/47 (8.51%) of the sera samples were positive for E. histolytica Lectin antigen by ELISA. AntiLectin IgG was found positive in 91% (43/47) of the sera investigated. Reviewing the test results, it appears that detection of anti-Lectin IgG by ELISA may be considered as a useful, rapid and convenient immunological tool for the diagnosis ofALA cases.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2008; 02 (02): 27-30
Antibiotic sensitivity Pattern of Salmonella Species I1o-laJed by Btood culture in BangabandhuSheikhMujibMedicalUniversity
Authors: Saleh Ahmed Abu , Sattar Naser Ibne , Ahmed Sharmeen , Miah Md. Ruhul Amin 
Published: September 2016

Typhoid fever occurs in all parts of the world where water supplies and sanitation are sub-standard. Despite the availability of newer antibiotics, emerging antimicrobial resistance has become an increasing problem in the management of Typhoid fever cases. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Salmonella species isolated by blood culture. This was a retrospective study considering the period of January to December 2007 at Bangahandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka. Blood samples for culture were collected by venepuncture, immediately inoculated into Brain Heart infusion broth and incubated at 370 C. After 24 hours incubation, subcultures were done twice on Blood agar and MacConkeys agar plates. Any growth on the sulrcultured plates were identified by standard microbiological techniques. All of the isolates were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test performed by disk diffusion method. A total 2424 specimens of blood collected from patients suspecting of fever, were cultured, out of which 218 (8.99%) were found positive for Salmonella species. In vitro sensitivity test showed that cefixime was highly sensitive (99.41%) followed by ceftriaxote (97.03%), Azithromycin (83.58%), Ciprofloxacin (67.47%), cefuroxime (73.3%), chloramphenicol (72.62%), co-trimoxazole (69.59%), Amoxicillin (64.33%) and Nalidixic acid (19.26%). The results call for nationwide surveillance programme to monitor microbial trends and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of salmonella species in Bangladesh.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2008; 02 (02):22-26
La coroplastie d'Idalion à l'époque archaïque. Ateliers et diffusion
Authors: Fourrier Sabine 
Published: September 2016

Due to extensive digging in the Dali area at the end of the 19th century A.D., many terracotta statues of the 'Idalion School' were acquired by European museums and prompted a strong interest for the coroplastic art of this ancient region.
Those exquisite moulded masterpieces are not the sole expression of the coroplasts' capability, which is exemplified by the use of various techniques and the production of a large array of types. Their works demonstrate close stylistic links with those of the neighbouring kingdoms, as Amathous or Salamis, which reflects the geographical location of Idalion inland, on the roads leading from the copper deposits of the Troodos to the coastal sites.
Besides, the originality of the coroplastic art of ancient Idalion enables one to study the diffusion of the terracottas in the island and thus to determine the cultural and political influence of the kingdom. The material retrieved from rural sanctuaries gives interesting clues concerning the probable extension of the kingdom's chora, which seems to have included a large part of the central area of Cyprus, from Meniko to the West to Athienou to the East, from the neighbourhood of Nicosia to the North to Pyrga to the South. It strongly suggests that Tamassos and Golgoi were not indépendant cities in the Archaic period, but secondary urban centers of the Idalion kingdom.