bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative complications after dental extraction in liver pretransplant patients
Authors: Pereira Thaís dos Santos Fontes , Pelinsari Fernanda Cristina Melo , Ruas Bruna Mara , Avelar Luanne Priscila Pereira , da Fonseca Vitor José , de Abreu Mauro Henrique Nogueira , Salomão Ulisses Eliezer , Lima Agnaldo Soares , de Souza e Silva Maria Elisa , Gomez Ricardo Santiago 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe liver pretransplant phase requires the interaction of ­multidisciplinary teams for optimal patient outcomes, including dental ­professionals. In this study, we sought to estimate the prevalence of complications related to dental extraction in liver transplant candidates.Material and methodsThis study is a case series of patients eligible for liver transplants referred for dental treatment between 2012 and 2014. Eligible patients for this study underwent at least one tooth extraction, had a complete blood count at the time of the procedure, and were candidates for liver transplantation.ResultsForty‐three patients, 12 women (28%) and 31 men (72%), with an ­average age of 50.9 ± 11.4 years, had received a total of 116 dental extractions. The prevalence of postoperative complications was 1.7% including two bleeding episodes in the same patient. Seven patients presented a platelet count below 50 × 10³/μL and received platelet transfusions preoperatively.ConclusionsPostoperative complications following dental extractions in liver transplant candidates are unusual.Clinical RelevanceLow postoperative complications prevalence indicates that dental surgical procedures may be safety performed in patients eligible for liver transplantation after careful ­preoperative evaluation.
Sedimentological and palaeohydrological characterization of Late Pleistocene and Holocene tufa mound palaeolakes using trenching methods in the Spanish Pyrenees
Authors: Pellicer Xavier M. , Corella Juan Pablo , Gutiérrez Francisco , Roqué Carles , Linares Rogelio , Carbonel Domingo , Zarroca Mario , Guerrero Jesús , Comas Xavier 
Published: April 2016

AbstractLakes developed in the inner depressions of tufa mounds are rare geomorphic features and still poorly understood. Sedimentation in this unusual type of endorheic lake with a very restricted catchment area is highly sensitive to environmental and hydrological changes. The Isona tufa mound complex, north‐eastern Iberian Peninsula, is associated with the discharge zone of a confined artesian aquifer and comprises 11 tufa mounds consisting of an annular rimstone enclosing a central depression filled with lake deposits. Data gathered from trenches excavated in four palaeolakes located within three different morphostratigraphic units permitted a precise analysis of the geometrical characteristics and stratigraphic relationships of the deposits and provided a sedimentation model for the Late Quaternary infilling of the spring‐fed lakes. The work illustrates that trenches allow a precise characterization of the stratigraphic arrangements, lateral facies changes and deformation structures, which are not apparent in studies relying solely on borehole records, and facilitate sampling for dating and geochemical analyses. The five sedimentary facies described represent different evolutionary stages of the lakes, including: (i) carbonate‐rich palustrine deposits probably related to periods with strong hydrological seasonality; (ii) massive highly bioturbated organic ooze; (iii) banded organic carbonate‐rich facies associated with an increase in the regional effective moisture; (iv) fine‐grained quartz‐rich aeolian/slope‐wash sediments; and (v) colluvial facies deposited following the desiccation of the lakes located at higher altitudes. Geochemical and sedimentological analyses of the lacustrine sequences provided information on the palaeohydrological evolution of the Isona tufa mound complex and the palaeoenvironmental conditions of the area over the last 28 ka. Radiometric dating suggests that deposition occurred simultaneously at ca 22 ka in palaeolakes situated at different elevations. A drop in the piezometric level prompted by the opening of springs at lower altitudes probably caused the deactivation of the upper springs and the desiccation of the lakes. Arid conditions prevailed in the area during the Late Glacial and the early Holocene (28·0 to 8·5 ka bp). More humid conditions recorded from 8·5 to 4·2 ka and again since 1·7 ka are in accordance with palaeoenvironmental reconstructions available in the Western Mediterranean since the Last Glacial Maximum.
Cytomegalovirus pre‐emptive therapy after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the era of real‐time quantitative PCR: comparison with recipients of solid organ transplants
Authors: Panagou E. , Zakout G. , Keshani J. , Smith C. , Irish D. , Mackinnon S. , Kottaridis P. , Fielding A. , Griffiths P.D. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) continues to be an important complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation.MethodsIn this study, 314 patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between January 2003 and October 2011 were tested serially for CMV DNA by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for 90 days post transplantation. Patients with CMV viremia >3000 genomes/mL (equivalent to 2520 IU/mL) received pre‐emptive therapy and were compared with previously published data from solid organ transplant (SOT) patients monitored and treated in exactly the same way.ResultsAfter stem cell transplant (SCT), 48% of patients developed at least 1 episode of viremia. The median duration of a viremic episode was 25 days and the peak viral load (VL) was 4784 genomes/mL whole blood (equivalent to 4019 IU/mL). The data demonstrated that recipients with positive CMV serostatus were at increased risk of developing viremia, with 0% of donor‐negative/recipient‐negative (D−R−), 3.7% of D+R−, 79.5% of D−R+, and 74.2% of D+R+ groups developing viremia over follow‐up (adjusted hazard ratio for D+R− vs. D+R+ group 0.03; 95% confidence interval 0.004, 0.18; P = 0.0013). In contrast with SOT patients, where 58/74 (78%) D+R− patients had viremia, a low risk of CMV infection was seen after stem cell transplantation (1/27; 3.7%).ConclusionAs both groups of patients, the previously published SOT patients and the present hematopoietic SCT patients, were monitored using the same protocol and qPCR assay with pre‐emptive therapy administered at the same VL cutoffs, the distinct differences seen cannot be explained by differences in testing or management and thus emphasize distinct aspects of the natural history of CMV infection post transplant in these 2 patient groups.
The transcriptomic signature of developing soybean seeds reveals the genetic basis of seed trait adaptation during domestication
Authors: Lu Xiang , Li Qing‐Tian , Xiong Qing , Li Wei , Bi Ying‐Dong , Lai Yong‐Cai , Liu Xin‐Lei , Man Wei‐Qun , Zhang Wan‐Ke , Ma Biao , Chen Shou‐Yi , Zhang Jin‐Song 
Published: April 2016

SummaryCultivated soybean has undergone many transformations during domestication. In this paper we report a comprehensive assessment of the evolution of gene co‐expression networks based on the analysis of 40 transcriptomes from developing soybean seeds in cultivated and wild soybean accessions. We identified 2680 genes that are differentially expressed during seed maturation and established two cultivar‐specific gene co‐expression networks. Through analysis of the two networks and integration with quantitative trait locus data we identified two potential key drivers for seed trait formation, GA20OX and NFYA. GA20OX encodes an enzyme in a rate‐limiting step of gibberellin biosynthesis, and NFYA encodes a transcription factor. Overexpression of GA20OX and NFYA enhanced seed size/weight and oil content, respectively, in seeds of transgenic plants. The two genes showed significantly higher expression in cultivated than in wild soybean, and the increases in expression were associated with genetic variations in the promoter region of each gene. Moreover, the expression of GA20OX and NFYA in seeds of soybean accessions correlated with seed weight and oil content, respectively. Our study reveals transcriptional adaptation during soybean domestication and may identify a mechanism of selection by expression for seed trait formation, providing strategies for future breeding practice.
Cognitive evaluation of the AABBUniform Donor History Questionnaire
Authors: Willson Stephanie , Miller Kristen , Seem Debbie , Kuehnert Matthew J. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDThis article reports key findings of an evaluation of the AABB Uniform Donor History Questionnaire (a self‐administered form completed before blood donation). The purpose of the study was to examine how respondents understand the questions and assess the nature of inaccurate responses. Another goal was to determine whether men who have sex with men (MSM) interpreted questions differently from non‐MSM and whether questions were interpreted differently in various regions of the country.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSCognitive interviewing was used for the study. This is a qualitative method that investigates how survey questions perform. It consists of semistructured interviews that explore whether respondents understand questions as intended and whether they can provide accurate answers. A total of 166 interviews were conducted.RESULTSRespondents had an overwhelmingly similar understanding of the purpose of the questionnaire as assessing the safety of their blood for donation. This understanding framed respondents’ interpretations such that each question was understood as asking the same thing; that is, “Is my blood safe to donate?” This interpretation did not vary among MSM versus non‐MSM or by region.CONCLUSIONRespondents understood the questionnaire as assessing the safety of their blood. This interpretation served as the backdrop for the question–response process for each individual question. Specifically, rationale for answers was framed as much or more by the questionnaire's general purpose as by the specific topic of individual questions. This pattern of interpretation was the key factor responsible for both false‐positive and false‐negative response errors and did not vary by demographic, including in MSM.
Development of a Novel Medial Synoviocentesis Approach to the Bicipital Bursa in an Equine Cadaver Model
Authors: Grabski Milosz , McNamara Jennifer , Roper Darren , Warren‐Smith Chris , Busschers Evita 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveTo describe the volume and dimensions of the bicipital bursa and its position in relation to bony and soft tissue structures, in order to develop a novel medial synoviocentesis approach to the bicipital bursa.Study DesignCadaveric study.AnimalsAdult equine cadaver limbs (n=19).MethodsBicipital bursa dimensions, volume, and relationship to bony structures were obtained from positive contrast computed tomography images after distension of the bursa (n=7). Following an intra‐bursal injection of polyurethane resin, the bicipital bursa (n=4) was dissected and its relationship to soft tissue structures described. After computed tomography and dissection, a novel medial bicipital bursocentesis approach was investigated on intact cadavers (n=8).ResultsMedian (range) of measurements were: length 9.02 cm (8.48–9.45 cm); width 7.06 cm (6.71–8.01 cm); and volume 51 mL (45–58 mL). The medial aspect of the bicipital bursa was located at the junction of the subclavius and biceps muscles, which corresponds with the externally visible lateral pectoral sulcus. Needle insertion 5–10 mm craniolateral to the center of the lateral pectoral sulcus midway between the palpable distal aspect of the deltoid tuberosity and the cranial part of the greater tubercle was found to be a reliable landmark for the novel medial bursocentesis approach. This approach was successful in all cadavers.ConclusionThe novel approach to the bicipital bursa provided access to the medial aspect of the bursa and is an alternative to the lateral approaches. Further validation in live horses is warranted to establish the safety and efficacy of this technique.
Attenuated flow‐induced dilatation of middle cerebral arteries is related to increased vascular oxidative stress in rats on a short‐term high salt diet
Authors: Cosic Anita , Jukic Ivana , Stupin Ana , Mihalj Martina , Mihaljevic Zrinka , Novak Sanja , Vukovic Rosemary , Drenjancevic Ines 
Published: April 2016

Key points
Recent studies have shown that high salt (HS) intake leads to endothelial dysfunction and impaired vascular reactivity in different vascular beds in both animal and human models, due to increased oxidative stress.
The objective of this study was to assess vascular response to flow‐induced dilatation (FID) and to elucidate the role of vascular oxidative stress/antioxidative capacity in middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) of HS‐fed rats in vitro.
The novelty of this study is in demonstrating impaired flow‐induced dilatation of MCAs and down‐regulation of vascular antioxidant genes with HS intake, leading to increased levels of oxidative stress in blood vessels and peripheral lymph organs, which together contribute to impaired FID.
In addition, results show increased oxidative stress in leukocytes of peripheral lymph organs, suggesting the occurrence of inflammatory processes due to HS intake.
Recirculation of leukocytes might additionally increase vascular oxidative stress in vivo.
AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine flow‐induced dilatation (FID) and the role of oxidative stress/antioxidative capacity in isolated, pressurized middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) of high salt (HS)‐fed rats. Healthy male Sprague‐Dawley rats (11 weeks old) were fed low salt (0.4% NaCl; LS group) or high salt (4% NaCl; HS group) diets for 1 week. Reactivity of MCAs in response to stepwise increases in pressure gradient (Δ10–Δ100 mmHg) was determined in the absence or presence of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic TEMPOL and/or the nitric oxide synthases (NOS) inhibitor Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME). mRNA levels of antioxidative enzymes, NAPDH‐oxidase components, inducible (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) were determined by quantitative real‐time PCR. Blood pressure (BP), antioxidant enzymes activity, oxidative stress in peripheral leukocytes, lipid peroxidation products and the antioxidant capacity of plasma were measured for both groups. FID was reduced in the HS group compared to the LS group. The presence of TEMPOL restored dilatation in the HS group, with no effect in the LS group. Expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and iNOS in the HS group was significantly decreased; oxidative stress was significantly higher in the HS group compared to the LS group. HS intake significantly induced basal reactive oxygen species production in the leukocytes of mesenteric lymph nodes and splenocytes, and intracellular production after stimulation in peripheral lymph nodes. Antioxidant enzyme activity and BP were not affected by HS diet. Low GPx4 expression, increased superoxide production in leukocytes, and decreased iNOS expression are likely to underlie increased oxidative stress and reduced nitric oxide bioavailability, leading to impairment of FID in the HS group without changes in BP values.
Phospholipase C δ4 regulates cold sensitivity in mice
Authors: Yudin Yevgen , Lutz Brianna , Tao Yuan‐Xiang , Rohacs Tibor 
Published: April 2016

Key points
The cold‐ and menthol‐activated transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channels are thought to be regulated by phospholipase C (PLC), but neither the specific PLC isoform nor the in vivo relevance of this regulation has been established.
Here we identify PLCδ4 as the key PLC isoform involved in regulation of TRPM8 channels in vivo.
We show that in small PLCδ4−/− TRPM8‐positive dorsal root ganglion neurons cold, menthol and WS‐12, a selective TRPM8 agonist, evoked significantly larger currents than in wild‐type neurons, and action potential frequencies induced by menthol or by current injections were also higher in PLCδ4−/− neurons.
PLCδ4−/− mice showed increased behavioural responses to evaporative cooling, and this effect was inhibited by a TRPM8 antagonist; behavioural responses to heat and mechanical stimuli were not altered.
We provide evidence for the involvement of a specific PLC isoform in the regulation of cold sensitivity in mice by regulating TRPM8 activity.
AbstractThe transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) ion channel is a major sensor of environmental low temperatures. Ca2+‐induced activation of phospholipase C (PLC) has been implied in the regulation of TRPM8 channels during menthol‐ and cold‐induced desensitization in vitro. Here we identify PLCδ4 as the key PLC isoform involved in regulation of TRPM8 in sensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. We identified two TRPM8‐positive neuronal subpopulations, based on their cell body size. Most TRPM8‐positive small neurons also responded to capsaicin, and had significantly larger menthol‐induced inward current densities than medium–large cells, most of which did not respond to capsaicin. Small, but not medium–large, PLCδ4−/− neurons showed significantly larger currents induced by cold, menthol or WS‐12, a specific TRPM8 agonist, compared to wild‐type (WT) neurons, but TRPM8 protein levels were not different between the two groups. In current‐clamp experiments small neurons had more depolarized resting membrane potentials, and required smaller current injections to generate action potentials (APs) than medium–large cells. In small PLCδ4−/− neurons, menthol application induced larger depolarizations and generation of APs with frequencies significantly higher compared to WT neurons. In behavioural experiments PLCδ4−/− mice showed greater sensitivity to evaporative cooling by acetone than control animals. Pretreatment with the TRPM8 antagonist PBMC reduced cold‐induced responses, and the effect was more pronounced in the PLCδ4−/− group. Heat and mechanical sensitivity of the PLCδ4−/− mice was not different from WT animals. Our data support the involvement of PLCδ4 in the regulation of TRPM8 channel activity in vivo.
Good Governance: Strukturen zur Sicherung der Nachhaltigkeit von Projekten im akademischen Umfeld
Authors: Budroni Paolo 
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung
Im Januar 2014 startete in Österreich ein landesweites Projekt, das von Bibliotheken und Forschungsservice-Einrichtungen an Universitäten initiiert wurde. Das Projektmanagement wurde an der Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Wien angesiedelt, wo auch die Projektantragstellung erfolgte. Zusätzlich wurde im Projektmanagement auch das Rechenzentrum der Universität Wien miteinbezogen. Aufgrund der vorhandenen heterogenen Ausgangslage bei den beteiligten Einrichtungen ergab sich für das Projekt die Notwendigkeit, von Beginn an Formen einer „Good Governance“ zu installieren, die ein reibungsloses Arbeiten von geschätzt 100 Personen und eine erfolgreiche Durchführung des Projektes ermöglichen sollten. Auf dieser Basis entstand für das Projekt eine „Charta“. Sie trägt heute den Namen „Konsensualvereinbarung“ und bildet die Grundlage für die Regelung der Partnerschaft im Projekt e-Infrastructures Austria. Der vorliegende Artikel bietet nicht nur einen detaillierten Einblick über die Architektur dieser „Charta“, sondern beschreibt ihren Werdegang und gibt einen Ausblick auf weitere Entwicklungen.
Bimetallic nickel and palladium complexes for catalytic applications
Authors: Van Wyk Shane C , Onani Martin O. , Nordlander Ebbe 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSouth Africa is a mineral-rich country and one area in which minerals can be very important is catalysis. Over an extended period of time, homogeneous catalysis has grown to become very useful, particularly in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The organometallic compounds required in the catalysis industry have advanced from metallocenes to an alternative in the form of
Measuring free ellagic acid: influence of extraction conditions on recovery by studying solubility and UV-Visible spectra
Authors: Williams David J. , Edwards David , Chaliha Mridusmita , Sultanbawa Yasmina 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRecent investigations into plant tissues have indicated that the free form of the natural polyphenolic antioxidant, ellagic acid (EA), is much more plentiful than first envisaged; consequently a re-assessment of solvent systems for the extraction of this water-insoluble form is needed. As EA solubility and its UV-Vis spectrum, commonly used for detection and quantification, are both governed by pH, an understanding of this dependence is vital if accurate EA measurements are to be achieved. After evaluating the pH effects on the solubility and UV-Vis spectra of commercial EA, an extraction protocol was devised that promoted similar pH conditions for both standard solutions and plant tissue extracts. The extraction so devised followed by HPLC with photodiode-array detection (DAD) provided a simple, sensitive and validated methodology that determined free EA in a variety of plant extracts. The use of 100 % methanol or a triethanolamine-based mixture as the standard dissolving solvents were the best choices, while these higher pH-generating solvents were more efficient in extracting EA from the plants tested with the final choice allied to the plants’ natural acidity. Two of the native Australian plants anise myrtle (
Make Me Laugh: Creativity in the British television comedy industry
Authors: Mills Brett 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe three-year (2012–2015) AHRC-funded research project Make Me Laugh: Creativity in the British Television Comedy Industry worked with writers, producers, directors and other industry personnel to map the productions they work on and follow their labor as they move from one job to another and strive to maintain a career. This article draws on interview material from this project to investigate the ways in which comedy workers negotiate the maintenance of their creativity within economic, cultural and industrial contexts such as policy, funding, and the whims of broadcasters and production companies. It argues that while such contexts are evident for all cultural production, there are specifics of the comedy sector because of humor’s relationships with the social role of broadcasting. It therefore highlights the specificity of comic creative labor, contributing to ongoing Humor Studies debates focused on the particularities of comedy as a category.
Development and Evaluation of Video Instructions for a Cross-generational AAL Tablet Application
Authors: Benz Roman , Brucks Martin , Sengpiel Michael 
Published: April 2016

Summary
It is challenging to design a sufficiently complex user interface that is universally usable. Striking differences between younger and older users, based on age and cohort effects, demand suitable design compromises with an effective combination of user interface and instructional design. This paper describes such a design compromise with a focus on video instruction for an AAL application designed to maintain and expand cross-generational social support networks. To estimate its effectiveness, 30 younger (M = 26 years) and 31 older (M = 68 years) participants were split in two groups: Both solved the same 16 tasks with the same AAL application, yet the experimental group received a short video instruction before the tasks and the control group did not. Results show that both age groups rated the video instruction as useful and did benefit from it – older users’ effectiveness improved even to the level of younger users. It can be concluded that the effective combination of user interface and instructional design played a central role towards universal usability and that early integration of instructional design into the human centered design process improved its efficiency.