bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multimodal Wave Spectrum–Based Approach for Statistical Downscaling of Local Wave Climate
Authors: Hegermiller C. A. , Antolinez J. A. A. , Rueda A. , Camus P. , Perez J. , Erikson L. H. , Barnard P. L. , Mendez F. J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCharacterization of wave climate by bulk wave parameters is insufficient for many coastal studies, including those focused on assessing coastal hazards and long-term wave climate influences on coastal evolution. This issue is particularly relevant for studies using statistical downscaling of atmospheric fields to local wave conditions, which are often multimodal in large ocean basins (e.g., Pacific Ocean). Swell may be generated in vastly different wave generation regions, yielding complex wave spectra that are inadequately represented by a single set of bulk wave parameters. Furthermore, the relationship between atmospheric systems and local wave conditions is complicated by variations in arrival time of wave groups from different parts of the basin. Here, this study addresses these two challenges by improving upon the spatiotemporal definition of the atmospheric predictor used in the statistical downscaling of local wave climate. The improved methodology separates the local wave spectrum into “wave families,” defined by spectral peaks and discrete generation regions, and relates atmospheric conditions in distant regions of the ocean basin to local wave conditions by incorporating travel times computed from effective energy flux across the ocean basin. When applied to locations with multimodal wave spectra, including Southern California and Trujillo, Peru, the new methodology improves the ability of the statistical model to project significant wave height, peak period, and direction for each wave family, retaining more information from the full wave spectrum. This work is the base of statistical downscaling by weather types, which has recently been applied to coastal flooding and morphodynamic applications.
An Airborne 2-μm Double-Pulsed Direct-Detection Lidar Instrument for Atmospheric CO2 Column Measurements
Authors: Yu Jirong , Petros Mulugeta , Singh Upendra N. , Refaat Tamer F. , Reithmaier Karl , Remus Ruben G. , Johnson William 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis study reports airborne measurements of atmospheric CO2 column density using a 2-μm double-pulsed integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar. This new 2-μm IPDA lidar offers an alternative approach to measure CO2 column density with unique features. The online frequencies of this lidar can be tuned to 1–6 GHz from the CO2 R30 absorption line peak. It provides high measurement sensitivity to the lower-tropospheric CO2 near the ground surface. This instrument was flown in the spring of 2014 in a NASA B200 aircraft. The results of these test flights clearly demonstrate the measurement capabilities of this lidar instrument. The CO2 column dry mixing ratio is compared to an in situ CO2 measurement by a collocated NOAA flight. The IPDA lidar measurement is determined to be in good agreement with a 0.36% difference, which corresponds to 1.48 ppm. It is the average difference between the IPDA lidar measurements and the NOAA air samples in the flight altitudes from 3 to 6.1 km.
Development of Verification Methodology for Extreme Weather Forecasts
Authors: Guan Hong , Zhu Yuejian 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn 2006, the statistical postprocessing of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) and North American Ensemble Forecast System (NAEFS) was implemented to enhance probabilistic guidance. Anomaly forecasting (ANF) is one of the NAEFS products, generated from bias-corrected ensemble forecasts and reanalysis climatology. The extreme forecast index (EFI), based on a raw ensemble forecast and model-based climatology, is another way to build an extreme weather forecast. In this work, the ANF and EFI algorithms are applied to extreme cold temperature and extreme precipitation forecasts during the winter of 2013/14. A highly correlated relationship between the ANF and EFI allows the determination of two sets of thresholds to identify extreme cold and extreme precipitation events for the two algorithms. An EFI of −0.78 (0.687) is approximately equivalent to a −2σ (0.95) ANF for the extreme cold event (extreme precipitation) forecast. The performances of the two algorithms in forecasting extreme cold events are verified against analysis for different model versions, reference climatology, and forecasts. The verification results during the winter of 2013/14 indicate that ANF forecasts more extreme cold events with a slightly higher skill than EFI. The bias-corrected forecast performs much better than the raw forecast. The current upgrade of the GEFS has a beneficial effect on the extreme cold weather forecast. Using the NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis and Reforecast (CFSRR) as a climate reference gives a slightly better score than the 40-yr reanalysis. The verification methodology is also extended to an extreme precipitation case, showing a broad potential use in the future.
Prior knowledge guided eQTL mapping for identifying candidate genes
Authors: Wang Yunli , Richard Rene , Pan Youlian 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Background
Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping is often used to identify genetic loci and candidate genes correlated with traits. Although usually a group of genes affect complex traits, genes in most eQTL mapping methods are considered as independent. Recently, some eQTL mapping methods have accounted for correlated genes, used biological prior knowledge and applied these in model species such as yeast or mouse. However, biological prior knowledge might be very limited for most species.

Results
We proposed a data-driven prior knowledge guided eQTL mapping for identifying candidate genes. At first, quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was used to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers that are associated with traits. Then co-expressed gene modules were generated and gene modules significantly associated with traits were selected. Prior knowledge from QTL mapping was used for eQTL mapping on the selected modules. We tested and compared prior knowledge guided eQTL mapping to the eQTL mapping with no prior knowledge in a simulation study and two barley stem rust resistance case studies.
The results in simulation study and real barley case studies show that models using prior knowledge outperform models without prior knowledge. In the first case study, three gene modules were selected and one of the gene modules was enriched with defense response Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Also, one probe in the gene module is mapped to Rpg1, previously identified as resistance gene to stem rust. In the second case study, four gene modules are identified, one gene module is significantly enriched with defense response to fungus and bacterium.

Conclusions
Prior knowledge guided eQTL mapping is an effective method for identifying candidate genes. The case studies in stem rust show that this approach is robust, and outperforms methods with no prior knowledge in identifying candidate genes.
Microbial phenomics information extractor (MicroPIE): a natural language processing tool for the automated acquisition of prokaryotic phenotypic characters from text sources
Authors: Mao Jin , Moore Lisa R. , Blank Carrine E. , Wu Elvis Hsin-Hui , Ackerman Marcia , Ranade Sonali , Cui Hong 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Background
The large-scale analysis of phenomic data (i.e., full phenotypic traits of an organism, such as shape, metabolic substrates, and growth conditions) in microbial bioinformatics has been hampered by the lack of tools to rapidly and accurately extract phenotypic data from existing legacy text in the field of microbiology. To quickly obtain knowledge on the distribution and evolution of microbial traits, an information extraction system needed to be developed to extract phenotypic characters from large numbers of taxonomic descriptions so they can be used as input to existing phylogenetic analysis software packages.

Results
We report the development and evaluation of Microbial Phenomics Information Extractor (MicroPIE, version 0.1.0). MicroPIE is a natural language processing application that uses a robust supervised classification algorithm (Support Vector Machine) to identify characters from sentences in prokaryotic taxonomic descriptions, followed by a combination of algorithms applying linguistic rules with groups of known terms to extract characters as well as character states. The input to MicroPIE is a set of taxonomic descriptions (clean text). The output is a taxon-by-character matrix—with taxa in the rows and a set of 42 pre-defined characters (e.g., optimum growth temperature) in the columns. The performance of MicroPIE was evaluated against a gold standard matrix and another student-made matrix. Results show that, compared to the gold standard, MicroPIE extracted 21 characters (50%) with a Relaxed F1 score > 0.80 and 16 characters (38%) with Relaxed F1 scores ranging between 0.50 and 0.80. Inclusion of a character prediction component (SVM) improved the overall performance of MicroPIE, notably the precision. Evaluated against the same gold standard, MicroPIE performed significantly better than the undergraduate students.

Conclusion
MicroPIE is a promising new tool for the rapid and efficient extraction of phenotypic character information from prokaryotic taxonomic descriptions. However, further development, including incorporation of ontologies, will be necessary to improve the performance of the extraction for some character types.
Complete genome sequence of new bacteriophage phiE142, which causes simultaneously lysis of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica
Authors: Amarillas Luis , Chaidez Cristobal , González-Robles Arturo , León-Félix Josefina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe emergence of antibiotic-resistant foodborne bacteria is a global health problem that requires immediate attention. Bacteriophages are a promising biotechnological alternative approach against bacterial pathogens. However, a detailed analysis of phage genomes is essential to assess the safety of the phages prior to their use as biocontrol agents. Therefore, here we report the complete genome sequence of bacteriophage phiE142, which is able to lyse Salmonella and multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains. Bacteriophage phiE142 belongs to the Myoviridae family due to the presence of long non-flexible tail and icosahedral head. The genome is composed of 121,442 bp and contains 194 ORFs, and 2 tRNAs. Furthermore, the phiE142 genome does not contain any genes coding for food-borne allergens, antibiotics resistance, virulence factors, or associated with lysogenic conversion. The bacteriophage phiE142 is characterized by broad host range and compelling genetic attributes making them potential candidates as a biocontrol agent.
Loss of relational continuity of care in schizophrenia: associations with patient satisfaction and quality of care
Authors: Sanatinia Rahil , Cowan Violet , Barnicot Kirsten , Zalewska Krysia , Shiers David , Cooper Stephen J. , Crawford Mike J. 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundUsers of mental health service are concerned about changes in clinicians providing their care, but little is known about their impact.AimsTo examine associations between changes in staff, and patient satisfaction and quality of care.MethodA national cross-sectional survey of 3379 people aged 18 or over treated in secondary care for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.ResultsNearly 41.9% reported at least one change in their key worker during the previous 12 months and 10.5% reported multiple changes. Those reporting multiple changes were less satisfied with their treatment and less likely to report having a care plan, knowing how to obtain help when in a crisis or to have had recommended physical health assessments.ConclusionsFrequent changes in staff providing care for people with psychosis are associated with poorer quality of care. Greater efforts need to be made to protect relational continuity of care for such patients.
Psychosis seminars: an open forum for service users, carers and professionals
Authors: Kaselionyte Justina , Dirik Aysegul , Tulloch Simon , Priebe Stefan , Giacco Domenico 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundPsychosis seminars enable service users, their carers and mental health professionals to meet outside of a formal care setting, increase understanding of mental illness and help establish a dialogue.AimsTo explore feasibility of psychosis seminars in the UK and the experiences of participants.MethodSeven meetings attended by 25 people were held over a 3-month period. An open-ended questionnaire was returned by ten participants. Responses were subjected to content analysis.ResultsBenefits experienced were having an open forum for talking freely about mental health issues in a neutral space, learning from others about psychosis and hearing different views. Suggested adjustments were clarifying expectations of participants at the beginning, strengthening facilitation and increasing attendance.ConclusionsPsychosis seminars may help to establish a dialogue among users, carers and professionals and seem feasible in the UK, although adjustment to delivery can help their implementation.
Contribution of oxytocin receptor polymorphisms to amygdala activation in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Haram Marit , Bettella Francesco , Brandt Christine Lycke , Quintana Daniel S. , Nerhus Mari , Bjella Thomas , Djurovic Srdjan , Westlye Lars T. , Andreassen Ole A. , Melle Ingrid , Tesli Martin 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundOxytocin has been proposed to mediate amygdala dysfunction associated with altered emotion processing in schizophrenia, but the contribution of oxytocin pathway genes is yet to be investigated.AimsTo identify potential different contributions of three oxytocin receptor polymorphisms (rs53576, rs237902 and rs2254298) between patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SCZ), affective spectrum disorders (AD) and healthy controls (HC).MethodIn a total of 346 participants (104 with SCZ, 100 with AD, and 142 HC) underwent genotyping and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during an emotional faces matching paradigm. Genetic association analyses were performed to test the possible effects on task-induced BOLD amygdala response to fearful/angry faces.ResultsIn participants with SCZ, the rs237902 G allele was associated with low amygdala activation (left hemisphere: b= −4.99, Bonferroni corrected P=0.04) and interaction analyses showed that this association was disorder specific (left hemisphere: Bonferroni corrected P=0.003; right hemisphere: Bonferroni corrected P=0.03). There were no associations between oxytocin polymorphisms and amygdala activation in the total sample, among AD patients or HC.ConclusionsRs237902 was associated with amygdala activation in response to fearful/angry faces only in patients with SCZ. Our findings indicate that the endogenous oxytocin system could serve as a contributing factor in biological underpinnings of emotion processing and that this contribution is disorder specific.
Pharmacotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder: going beyond the guidelines
Authors: Davidson Jonathan 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThis article discusses the study of Harpaz-Rotem and associates, who examined patterns of medication use in first-diagnosed veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It considers the difference between practice guidelines and actual prescribing; selectively identifies issues with antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and prazosin; and reviews the possible impact of new medications in the pipeline.
Clozapine in a patient with treatment-resistant schizophrenia and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report
Authors: Sanchez Asiel Yair Adan , Foster Jessica J. , Plymen Carla M. , Shergill Sukhi 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundThere is currently limited experience in the initiation and maintenance of clozapine for treatment-resistant psychosis in adults with established structural heart disease. These complex patients require close supervision and liaison between colleagues. Here we present the successful experience of treating one such patient within our service and describe a monitoring plan to ensure that these treatments can be provided both safely and effectively.Case presentationA 36-year-old man with treatment-resistant schizophrenia and known hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was admitted to a specialist unit for a trial of clozapine. His psychiatric illness was characterised by multimodal hallucinations and delusions combined with low mood and poor motivation. The diagnosis of HCM was made 3 years previously following a routine electrocardiogram (ECG), and he had remained asymptomatic throughout this time; there were concerns about the risk of initiating clozapine given his pre-existing cardiac condition. Baseline investigations were performed as per local guidelines prior to commencing clozapine; these were within normal limits other than a mildly raised troponin level of 54 ng/L (normal <16 ng/L), which was attributed to the HCM. In addition, baseline transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed which showed no change in the structural heart disease in comparison with previous TTEs.Clozapine was started at 12.5 mg daily and up-titrated to 150 mg twice daily over 14 days as per our institute's guidelines. The patient was monitored with regular testing of troponins, inflammatory markers and ECG. On day 18, the troponin level increased to 1371 ng/L. Creatine kinase and inflammatory markers remained stable. No changes in ECG or TTE were noted and the patient remained clinically asymptomatic. Cardiology opinion was sought and reported that the finding of an isolated elevated troponin was likely to reflect a ‘troponin leak’ in the context of increased cardiac muscle mass associated with HCM. In the absence of any clinical compromise, it was not felt to be of concern. Clozapine was continued with good effect on mental state. Troponin levels gradually reduced and the patient remained well.ConclusionsWhile multiple cases of clozapine-induced cardiotoxicity have been reported in the literature, its implications for pre-existing structural disease are unclear. This case report suggests that clozapine can be safely introduced in pre-existing HCM, explores strategies for monitoring and highlights the importance of liaising with experienced cardiologists.
Development of Pseudo Base-Pairs on d-Threoninol which Exhibit Various Functions
Authors: Kashida Hiromu , Asanuma Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The authors have developed various kinds of pseudo base pairs using a d-threoninol scaffold. Although the chemical structures of the pseudo base pairs are much different from natural nucleobases, they can mimic supramolecular properties of natural base pairs. Moreover, modified DNA can possess various functions that cannot be achieved by natural nucleic acids, such as fluorescent switchability, photocrosslinking, insulating and emission color change. These pseudo base pairs can be used to prepare various functional nanomaterials. In the present account, we summarize our recent work on pseudo base pairs, focusing on molecular designs and functions.
Υποστηρίζοντας τις οπτικές των παιδιών στο ελεύθερο παιχνίδι: μια εκπαιδευτική παρέμβαση
Authors: Tanakidou Maria , Avgitidou Sofia 
Published: December 2016

<p>Η παρούσα έρευνα έχει ως αντικείμενο τη μελέτη μιας εκπαιδευτικής παρέμβασης με στόχο τη συμμετοχή των παιδιών στην έρευνα και στη λήψη αποφάσεων σχετικά με το ελεύθερο παιχνίδι στο νηπιαγωγείο. Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν η διερεύνηση των οπτικών των παιδιών για τον χώρο του ελεύθερου παιχνιδιού μέσω της συλλογής πληροφοριών από τα ίδια, η περιγραφή των αλληλεπιδράσεων των παιδιών κατά τη διαδικασία σχεδιασμού και λήψης αποφάσεων για την αλλαγή του χώρου και η διερεύνηση των τρόπων υποστήριξης της συμμετοχής των παιδιών στην έκφραση ιδεών, στον σχεδιασμό και στην υλοποίηση της αλλαγής του χώρου. Συμμετέχοντες στην έρευνα αποτέλεσαν 11 παιδιά μιας τάξης νηπιαγωγείου, ηλικίας 5-6 ετών. Η έρευνα αποτελεί μελέτη περίπτωσης και η μέθοδος ανάλυσης είναι θεματική. Οι τεχνικές που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για την ανάδειξη των οπτικών των παιδιών ήταν αυτές της μεθόδου μωσαϊκού: ξενάγηση στο χώρο από τα παιδιά, φωτογραφίες του χώρου από τα παιδιά και σχολιασμός τους, ενώ τα υπόλοιπα εργαλεία συλλογής των ερευνητικών δεδομένων ήταν το ημερολόγιο της ερευνήτριας, η βιντεοσκόπηση και οι αναστοχαστικές συζητήσεις με την κριτική φίλη. Τα αποτελέσματα αποτυπώνουν ενδιαφέρουσες όψεις των οπτικών των παιδιών, των στρατηγικών της ερευνήτριας για την ενίσχυση των παιδιών ως ερευνητών και δρώντων προσώπων στη λήψη και υλοποίηση των προτάσεών τους, καθώς των μορφών αλληλεπίδρασης των παιδιών κατά τη διαδικασία συναπόφασης και δράσης. Τα συμπεράσματα αναδεικνύουν τις διαφορετικές οπτικές ενηλίκων και παιδιών για το παιχνίδι, τις προκλήσεις μιας αυθεντικής διαδικασίας συμμετοχής των παιδιών στην έρευνα και τη λήψη αποφάσεων και τη δυναμική εικόνα του παιδιού της προσχολικής ηλικίας. </p>
Η συμπληρωματική εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση στη νηπιακή ηλικία μέσα από το παράδειγμα μιας έρευνας δράσης στη μουσειακή αγωγή
Authors: Βέργου M. , Κουτσούμπα Μαρία , Μουζάκης Χαράλαμπος 
Published: December 2016

Η εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση (εξΑΕ) είναι μία μέθοδος που εφαρμόζεται σε όλες τις βαθμίδες εκπαίδευσης. Τα ερευνητικά δεδομένα, ωστόσο, που υπάρχουν για την εφαρμογή της σε παιδιά νηπιακής ηλικίας είναι ελάχιστα. Η παρούσα εργασία στοχεύει στο να διερευνηθούν οι δυνατότητες που προσφέρει η εξΑΕ στον εμπλουτισμό της μαθησιακής εμπειρίας των παιδιών νηπιακής ηλικίας, μέσα από ένα παράδειγμα συμπληρωματικής μουσειακής εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης με τη συμβολή της τεχνολογίας. Για τις ανάγκες της εργασίας διενεργήθηκε έρευνα δράσης στην οποία συμμετείχαν δεκαεπτά νήπια ολοήμερου τμήματος νηπιαγωγείου καθώς και η εκπαιδευτικός-ερευνήτρια. Για τη συλλογή πληροφοριών χρησιμοποιήθηκε η μέθοδος της δομημένης συνέντευξης με χρήση ερωτηματολογίου καθώς και η μη δομημένη παρατήρηση των νηπίων σε όλη τη διάρκεια της παρέμβασης. Η εφαρμογή μουσειακής αγωγής από απόσταση συνέβαλλε στο να αποκτήσουν τα παιδιά γνώσεις και όχι απλά να αποκομίσουν εντυπώσεις και ενθουσιασμό. Συνεπώς, οι πρώτες πληροφορίες για την εφαρμογή συμπληρωματικής εξ αποστάσεως μουσειακής εκπαίδευσης σε σχέση με τον εμπλουτισμό της μαθησιακής εμπειρίας των νηπίων αποτιμώνται ως θετικές. Το γεγονός αυτό φανερώνει ότι η από απόσταση εκπαίδευση είναι δυνατόν να εφαρμοστεί με επιτυχία και σε αυτή την ηλικία. Σίγουρα ασφαλέστερα επιστημονικά συμπεράσματα για την εφαρμογή της θα προκύψουν από την επανάληψη αυτής ή παρόμοιας έρευνας με μεγαλύτερο δείγμα νηπίων. Η εργασία αυτή ωστόσο ανοίγει νέες προοπτικές για την εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση στη νηπιακή ηλικία και παράλληλα δίνει το ερέθισμα να διερευνηθούν άλλες παράμετροι, όπως το εκπαιδευτικό υλικό και ο ρόλος του/της νηπιαγωγού στη μέθοδο της από απόσταση εκπαίδευσης των νηπίων.