bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of arthrocentesis with and without hyaluronic acid injection in the prognosis and synovial fluid myeloperoxidase levels of patients with painful symptomatic internal derangement of temporomandibular joint: a randomised controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ozdamar S. M. , Alev B. , Yarat A. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryWe aimed to assess the relationship between myeloperoxidase (MPO) and internal derangement (ID) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and effects of arthrocentesis procedure, either alone or in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA) injection on the prognosis of ID of TMJ. A prospective randomised controlled trial has been conducted through patients, who underwent arthrocentesis for the treatment of ID of TMJ, were randomly divided into two groups. Group SS (n = 10) and Group HA (n = 14) patients were assigned 0·9% NaCl solution and sodium hyaluronate intra‐articularly, respectively. Synovial fluid samples were assayed for MPO at the time of arthrocentesis and pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and maximum mouth opening (MMO) scores were recorded at pre‐ and post‐operative periods as well as first‐week, first‐month and third‐month intervals. There was a statistically significant decrease in MPO levels between the first to second arthrocenteses only in Group 2 (P = 0·001). Both VAS scores and MMO measurements decreased in the course of time following arthrocentesis and do not differ between the patients administered HA or SS. Similarly MPO levels do not change significantly between the two groups at either first or second arthrocenteses. In HA group, MPO levels significantly decreased from first to second sessions. In HA group, MPO levels decreased significantly only in patients with clinical success. Arthrocentesis procedure improves both pain VAS and MMO scores in the course of time, but these parameters do not differ between patients receiving either HA or SS. HA significantly reduces levels of MPO in synovial fluid, but SS does not. HA appears to alleviate inflammation inside the TMJ in patients with TMJ‐ID.
Relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and sleep bruxism: a systematic review
Authors: Jokubauskas L. , Baltrušaitytė A. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryObstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a clinical risk factor for sleep bruxism (SB). Both OSAS and SB are reported to be associated with sleep‐related arousal reactions, although no clear causative link has been established. An electronic literature search was conducted of the MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SAGE Journals and EBSCOhost databases covering the period January 2006 and September 2016. Sequential screenings at the title, abstract and full‐text levels were performed. The review included observational studies in the English language with a clearly established aim to assess the relationship between OSAS and SB using full‐night PSG. The seven‐item quality‐assessment tool for experimental bruxism studies was used to assess the methodology across the studies. After a comprehensive screening of titles, abstracts and full texts, only three studies that met the pre‐defined criteria were finally included in this systematic review. Two studies gave evidence that OSAS is associated with the occurrence of SB events: (i) SB events frequently occur during micro‐arousal events consequent on apnoea–hypopnoea (AH) events and (ii) most SB events occur in temporal conjunction with AH events termination. However, one study did not report a strong association between AH and SB events. It can be concluded that there are not enough scientific data to define a clear causative link between OSAS and SB. However, they appear to share common clinical features. Further studies should focus on the intermediate mechanisms between respiratory and SB events.
Quality of Life Among Families of Children With Intellectual Disabilities: A Slovene Study
Authors: Schmidt Jan , Schmidt Majda , Brown Ivan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe main goal of the study was to provide and contrast data on quality of life for families in Slovenia that have children with intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities (IDD) and families that have children with intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The sample comprised 25 families with children with IDD and 19 families with children with ASD selected from schools in several villages in Slovenia. The data were collected using the FQOLS‐2006. The data analysis exploring the relationship between the two study groups (IDD and ASD) using the six measurement dimensions (Importance, Attainment, Satisfaction, Opportunities, Initiative, Stability) showed the mean ratings for all six measurement dimensions were higher for the IDD group than for the ASD group, although both groups rated Importance quite highly. Within the nine domains examined, there were some differences between the two groups. For the two main outcome measures, Attainment and Satisfaction, the scores for Satisfaction were consistently higher for the IDD group than for the ASD group. A combination of qualitative and quantitative data revealed that two of the nine domains, Family Relationships and Community Interaction, appear to contribute positively to family quality of life for both groups in this sample, while family life relating to the other seven domains requires remediation. Data from this family quality of life study provides evidence to suggest to policy makers and service providers that there might be a substantial amount of work to be done in the future to provide appropriate and efficient support for families with children with disabilities, especially for those with ASD, so that these families can lead lives of quality.
Supporting Japanese Mothers of Children with ADHD: Cultural Adaptation of the New Forest Parent Training Programme
Authors: Shimabukuro Shizuka , Daley David , Thompson Margaret , Laver‐Bradbury Cathy , Nakanishi Emi , Tripp Gail 
Published: December 2016

AbstractInternational practice guidelines recommend medication and behavioral intervention as evidenced‐based treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Currently in Japan, the availability of non‐pharmacological interventions for ADHD is limited. We report the results of a pilot and a proof‐of‐concept study for a new behavioral intervention for Japanese mothers of children with ADHD. The pilot study delivered a standard six‐session behavioral intervention and two parent‐support sessions. Participants approved the group format and requested additional support to change parenting practices and behavioral strategies targeting ADHD symptoms. For the proof‐of‐concept study, the intervention was revised to include five sessions of pre‐intervention support followed by six sessions of the New Forest Parent Training Programme (NFPP), an evidence‐based intervention for ADHD. The revised intervention, NFPP‐Japan, was associated with reductions in the mothers’ reports of children's ADHD symptoms and aggression, more effective parenting practices, and reduced parenting stress. The pilot and proof‐of‐concept studies indicate that it is possible to successfully modify Western behavioral interventions for Japanese mothers and to justify a randomized controlled trial evaluation of the NFPP‐Japan, which is currently underway.
Genetic population structure of the long‐tailed pygmy rice rat (Rodentia, Cricetidae) at different geographic scales in the Argentinean Patagonia
Authors: Ortiz N. , Polop F. J. , Andreo V. C. , Provensal M. C. , Polop J. J. , Gardenal C. N. , González‐Ittig R. E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe population genetic structure of Oligoryzomys longicaudatus colilargo was examined at two geographical scales: (a) regional, including five populations of the Argentinean Patagonia separated by 60–315 km and (b) landscape scale, using five populations from different valleys of the locality of Cholila in the subantarctic forest separated by 6–27 km, and a nearby locality of the Patagonian steppe, with an average distance from Cholila of 33 km. Eight microsatellite loci specific for O. longicaudatus were used as genetic markers. At the regional scale, four genetic clusters were detected by the Geneland software. The genetic structure was found to follow a latitudinal pattern. This result was supported by the FST statistic, indicating low levels of current gene flow within the region. At the landscape level, genetic differentiation among the five populations was also found. Estimated migration rates were, in general, low and asymmetrical between nearby populations. Using a causal modeling approach, we detected that the combination of landscape features such as lakes, rivers, urban settlements and roads appear to constrain the dispersal of O. longicaudatus at this scale. This result would explain why nearby populations were so different in their genetic composition. The information about geographic features limiting rodent dispersal provided here could help to design more accurate prevention measures against the expansion of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.
Household food insecurity in Mexico is associated with the co‐occurrence of overweight and anemia among women of reproductive age, but not female adolescents
Authors: Jones Andrew D. , Mundo‐Rosas Verónica , Cantoral Alejandra , Levy Teresa Shamah 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe aimed to determine the association between household food insecurity (HFI) and the co‐occurrence of overweight and anemia among women of reproductive age in the Mexican population. We analyzed data on 4,039 nonpregnant female adolescents (15–19 years) and 10,760 nonpregnant adult women of reproductive age (20–49 years) from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey of Mexico. The survey uses a two‐stage sampling design, stratified by rural and urban regions. The Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale was used to assess HFI. We assessed overweight and obesity in women based on World Health Organization classifications for body mass index, and BMI‐for‐age Z‐scores for female adolescents, and defined anemia as an altitude‐adjusted hemoglobin (Hb) concentration < 120 g/L based on measurement of capillary Hb concentrations. In multiple logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounding covariates, HFI was not associated with the co‐occurrence of anemia and overweight among female adolescents. The adjusted odds of women of reproductive age from mildly and moderately food‐insecure households, respectively, experiencing concurrent anemia and overweight were 48% (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.91) and 49% (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.06) higher than among women from food‐secure households. Severe HFI was not associated with concurrent overweight and anemia among female adolescents or women. HFI may be a shared mechanism for dual forms of malnutrition within the same individual, simultaneously contributing to overconsumption and dietary inadequacy.
Current perspectives in coronary microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Shome Joy S. , Perera Divaka , Plein Sven , Chiribiri Amedeo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe coronary arterial system consists of large epicardial coronary arteries, pre‐arterioles, and arterioles, which together closely regulate CBF. Structural, functional, and extravascular abnormalities of the microcirculation lead to CMD. CMD can present with symptoms suggestive of CAD, often in the absence of significant obstructive epicardial CAD. Conventional invasive angiography does not allow direct visualization of the microcirculation. Invasive indices, such as CBF and CFR, and non‐invasive imaging modalities, such as CMR and PET, can be used to quantify absolute MBF and enable a direct and accurate assessment of coronary microvascular function. CMD appears to be more prevalent in women, typically presenting with symptoms of ischemia with unobstructed coronary arteries, and has a relatively unfavorable prognosis. CMD is classified clinically depending on the presence or absence of epicardial CAD, myocardial disease, or iatrogenic causes. Although invasive intracoronary techniques can be used to detect CMD, these cannot provide insight into the mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis. Imaging modalities such as CMR and cardiac PET are becoming indispensable tools in the evaluation of suspected CMD.
Arteriogenesis in murine adipose tissue is contingent on CD68+/CD206+ macrophages
Authors: Seaman Scott A. , Cao Yiqi , Campbell Chris A. , Peirce Shayn M. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe surgical transfer of skin, fat, and/or muscle from a donor site to a recipient site within the same patient is a widely performed procedure in reconstructive surgeries. A surgical pretreatment strategy that is intended to increase perfusion in the flap, termed “flap delay,” is a commonly employed technique by plastic surgeons prior to flap transplantation. Here, we explored whether CD68+/CD206+ macrophages are required for arteriogenesis within the flap by performing gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function studies in a previously published flap delay murine model.Methods and ResultsLocal injection of M2‐polarized macrophages into the flap resulted in an increase in collateral vessel diameter. Application of a thin biomaterial film loaded with a pharmacological agent (FTY720), which has been previously shown to recruit CD68+/CD206+ macrophages to remodeling tissue, increased CD68+/CD206+ cell recruitment and collateral vessel enlargement. Conversely, when local macrophage populations were depleted within the inguinal fat pad via clodronate liposome delivery, we observed fewer CD68+ cells accompanied by diminished collateral vessel enlargement.ConclusionsOur study underscores the importance of macrophages during microvascular adaptations that are induced by flap delay. These studies suggest a mechanism for a translatable therapeutic target that may be used to enhance the clinical flap delay procedure.
Evaluation of the p‐AKT, p‐JNK and FoxO3a function in oral epithelial dysplasia
Authors: Chaves FN , Bezerra TMM , de Barros Silva PG , Oliveira FAF , Sousa FB , Costa FWG , Alves APNN , Pereira KMA 
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesTo evaluate the expression of p‐AKT, p‐JNK, FoxO3a, and Ki‐67 in samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral epithelial dysplasias (OEDs) to understand their possible involvement in the malignant transformation process of oral lesions.Materials and MethodsTissue samples of 20 cases of OSCCs, 20 OEDs, and normal oral mucosa were subjected to immunohistochemistry reactions for anti‐p‐AKT, anti‐p‐JNK, anti‐FoxO3a, and anti‐Ki‐67 antibodies. It was analyzed using quantitative (number of immunostained cells) and qualitative (immunostaining intensity) parameters in different cell immunostaining sublocations.ResultsNuclear p‐AKT was observed significantly greater immunostaining in OSCC (21.2 ± 19.0) than in dysplasias (7.9 ± 8.1) and controls (1.8 ± 4.7) (P = 0.002). Immunostaining of strong nuclear p‐JNK was greater in controls (48.3 ± 13.7) than in OEDs (11.0 ± 10.3) and OSCCs (1.1 ± 1.3) (P < 0.001). Strong nuclear immunostaining of FoxO3a proved to be absent in OSCCs (0.0 ± 0.1) with little staining on dysplasias (3.2 ± 5.4) and increased expression in controls (13.5 ± 4.8) (P < 0.001). Immunostaining of strong nuclear Ki‐67 was grater in OSCCs (48.1 ± 49.6) than in OED (11.8 ± 10.6) and controls (1.9 ± 2.0) (P < 0.001).ConclusionsMalignant process of OEDs in this research may involve the same mechanisms of established malignant lesions.
Oxytocin receptors in dioestrous and anoestrous canine uteri
Authors: Tamminen TM , Sahlin L , Masironi B , Taponen J , Laitinen‐Vapaavuori O , Katila T 
Published: December 2016

ContentsThe aim of the study was to localize oxytocin receptors (OTR) and measure mRNA expression of OTR in the canine uterus with and without the influence of progesterone. Uterine samples were taken from nine anoestrous and eight dioestrous bitches during ovariohysterectomy. Histological changes were evaluated in haematoxylin and eosin (HE)‐stained samples. Purified polyclonal antibody for OTR was used in immunohistochemistry to localize receptors in uterine layers. Relative mRNA concentration of OTR was evaluated with real‐time PCR from full‐thickness uterine samples taken from the middle horn and the body. Myometrial smooth muscle cells, endometrial luminal epithelium (LE) and deep and superficial glandular epithelium were positively stained for oxytocin receptors in non‐pregnant animals. No significant difference in staining intensity was detected between uterine middle horn and body. However, the staining intensity of LE was significantly higher in dioestrous than in anoestrous uteri (p < .05). Leucocytes and endothelium of blood vessels were also positively stained for OTR. Real‐time PCR showed no significant differences in OTR mRNA expression between the middle horn and the body of the uterus, or between anoestrous and dioestrous uterus. No correlation was noted between OTR mRNA expression and blood progesterone concentration. In conclusion, despite the apparent inactivity, the uterus of the non‐pregnant bitch expresses OTR. The distribution or relative expression of OTR does not differ between uterine horn and body in dioestrus or anoestrus except in LE. LE may have more oxytocin‐dependent activity during dioestrus than anoestrus.
Can current native tree seedling production and infrastructure meet an increasing forest restoration demand in Brazil?
Authors: Moreira da Silva Ana P. , Schweizer Daniella , Rodrigues Marques Henrique , Cordeiro Teixeira Ana M. , Nascente dos Santos Thaiane V. M. , Sambuichi Regina H. R. , Badari Carolina G. , Gaudare Ulysse , Brancalion Pedro H. S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRecent global commitments have placed forest and landscape restoration at the forefront of countries' efforts to recover ecosystem services, conserve biodiversity, and mitigate the effects of climate change. However, it needs to be asked if current native tree seedling supply meets an increase in demand for forest restoration? This study assessed the current configuration, distribution, and production capacity of forest nurseries producing native trees in Brazil. Brazil provides an interesting example of how global agreements aligned with national policies can lead to the proliferation of native seedling nurseries, and the challenges faced to restore species‐rich native forest ecosystems. We found that the nurseries in the Atlantic Forest region can still meet an increase in demand—both in terms of seedling quantity and diversity—because most of their production capacity is not currently used. However, not all Brazilian biomes have sufficient nurseries to meet restoration demands, thus there is a risk of using native species from a few biogeographical regions in a much spatially wider and ecologically diverse area. In addition, lack of seed supply and qualified labor can hamper the growth of the market. Barriers to seed supply may also lead to low levels of genetic variability and floristic representation in the populations and ecosystems to be restored. We conclude that restoration of high‐diversity forest ecosystems requires policies and supportive programs, with emphasis on private nurseries, to guarantee adequate supply of native tree seedlings and provide the necessary incentives to develop the emergent economy of forest restoration.
A framework for the practical science necessary to restore sustainable, resilient, and biodiverse ecosystems
Authors: Miller Ben P. , Sinclair Elizabeth A. , Menz Myles H. M. , Elliott Carole P. , Bunn Eric , Commander Lucy E. , Dalziell Emma , David Erica , Davis Belinda , Erickson Todd E. , Golos Peter J. , Krauss Siegfried L. , Lewandrowski Wolfgang , Mayence C. Ellery , Merino‐Martín Luis , Merritt David J. , Nevill Paul G. , Phillips Ryan D. , Ritchie Alison L. , Ruoss Sacha , Stevens Jason C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDemand for restoration of resilient, self‐sustaining, and biodiverse natural ecosystems as a conservation measure is increasing globally; however, restoration efforts frequently fail to meet standards appropriate for this objective. Achieving these standards requires management underpinned by input from diverse scientific disciplines including ecology, biotechnology, engineering, soil science, ecophysiology, and genetics. Despite increasing restoration research activity, a gap between the immediate needs of restoration practitioners and the outputs of restoration science often limits the effectiveness of restoration programs. Regrettably, studies often fail to identify the practical issues most critical for restoration success. We propose that part of this oversight may result from the absence of a considered statement of the necessary practical restoration science questions. Here we develop a comprehensive framework of the research required to bridge this gap and guide effective restoration. We structure questions in five themes: (1) setting targets and planning for success, (2) sourcing biological material, (3) optimizing establishment, (4) facilitating growth and survival, and (5) restoring resilience, sustainability, and landscape integration. This framework will assist restoration practitioners and scientists to identify knowledge gaps and develop strategic research focused on applied outcomes. The breadth of questions highlights the importance of cross‐discipline collaboration among restoration scientists, and while the program is broad, successful restoration projects have typically invested in many or most of these themes. Achieving restoration ecology's goal of averting biodiversity losses is a vast challenge: investment in appropriate science is urgently needed for ecological restoration to fulfill its potential and meet demand as a conservation tool.
Informality in the Process of Development and Growth
Authors: Loayza Norman V. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract‘Informality’ is a term used to describe the collection of firms, workers and activities that operate outside the legal and regulatory systems. It is widespread in the majority of developing countries – in a typical developing economy, the informal sector produces about 35 per cent of GDP and employs 70 per cent of the labour force. This paper studies informality in the context of economic development by presenting a model and projections that link informality, regulations, migration and economic growth. This analytical framework highlights the trade‐offs between formality and informality, the relationship between the different types of informality, and the connection between them and the forces of labour, capital and productivity growth. The paper models the behaviour of the informal sector based on the following fundamental asymmetry: formal firms confront higher labour costs, while informal firms face higher capital costs and lower productivity. Using mandated minimum wages as the policy‐induced distortion, the model first studies the static allocation of formal and informal capital and labour in a modern economy. Second, it opens the possibility of labour migration from a rudimentary economy with ample supply of labour (e.g. rural areas or less advanced neighbouring countries). Third, the model analyses the dynamic behaviour of the formal and informal sectors, considering how they affect and are affected by economic growth and labour migration. Then, the paper presents projections for the size of labour informality, in the modern and rudimentary economies, in the next two decades for a large group of countries representing all regions of the world. The projections are based on the calibration and simulation of the model and serve to discuss its usefulness and limitations.