bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dishevelled is a NEK2 kinase substrate controlling dynamics of centrosomal linker proteins
Authors: Cervenka Igor , Valnohova Jana , Bernatik Ondrej , Harnos Jakub , Radsetoulal Matej , Sedova Katerina , Hanakova Katerina , Potesil David , Sedlackova Miroslava , Salasova Alena , Steinhart Zachary , Angers Stephane , Schulte Gunnar , Hampl Ales , Zdrahal Zbynek , Bryja Vitezslav 
Published: August 2016

Significance
Wnt signaling is an important orchestrator of embryonic development. We provide evidence that Wnt scaffolding protein Dishevelled (DVL) contributes to the dissolution of centrosomal linker, preceding separation of centrosomes. We show that DVL accumulates toward mitosis, and its centrosomal function is controlled by NEK2. Our data demonstrate that DVL is required for the removal of linker proteins from centrosome, an event necessary for the correct formation of a bipolar spindle and cell cycle transition. This surprising function of DVL creates a mechanistic basis for the novel crosstalk between Wnt signaling pathways and the centrosome cycle.
Erasure of DNA methylation, genomic imprints, and epimutations in a primordial germ-cell model derived from mouse pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Miyoshi Norikatsu , Stel Jente M. , Shioda Keiko , Qu Na , Odajima Junko , Mitsunaga Shino , Zhang Xiangfan , Nagano Makoto , Hochedlinger Konrad , Isselbacher Kurt J. , Shioda Toshi 
Published: August 2016

Significance
Whether acquired epigenetic changes can escape the genome-wide epigenetic erasure in the primordial germ cells, which are the embryonic precursors of all types of germline cells and gametes, resulting in transgenerational transfer has been under debate. We have shown that an in vitro cell culture model of mouse primordial germ cells effectively recapitulates the process of germline epigenetic erasure, including DNA demethylation at both physiologically methylated and abnormally hypermethylated imprinting control regions. We also have identified examples of genomic repetitive sequences characterized by significant resistance to the genome-wide DNA demethylation process in mouse primordial germ cells and their cell culture models. Our study paves the way for mechanistic studies of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance using a cell culture model.
Downstream Passage and Impact of Turbine Shutdowns on Survival of Silver American Eels at Five Hydroelectric Dams on the Shenandoah River
Authors: Eyler Sheila M. , Welsh Stuart A. , Smith David R. , Rockey Mary M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHydroelectric dams impact the downstream migrations of silver American Eels Anguilla rostrata via migratory delays and turbine mortality. A radiotelemetry study of American Eels was conducted to determine the impacts of five run‐of‐the‐river hydroelectric dams located over a 195‐km stretch of the Shenandoah River, Virginia–West Virginia, during fall 2007–summer 2010. Overall, 96 radio‐tagged individuals (mean TL = 85.4 cm) migrated downstream past at least one dam during the study. Most American Eels passed dams relatively quickly; over half (57.9%) of the dam passage events occurred within 1 h of reaching a dam, and most (81.3%) occurred within 24 h of reaching the dam. Two‐thirds of the dam passage events occurred via spill, and the remaining passage events were through turbines. Migratory delays at dams were shorter and American Eels were more likely to pass via spill over the dam during periods of high river discharge than during low river discharge. The extent of delay in migration did not differ between the passage routes (spill versus turbine). Twenty‐eight American Eels suffered turbine‐related mortality, which occurred at all five dams. Mortality rates for eels passing through turbines ranged from 15.8% to 40.7% at individual dams. Overall project‐specific mortality rates (with all passage routes combined) ranged from 3.0% to 14.3%. To protect downstream‐migrating American Eels, nighttime turbine shutdowns (1800–0600 hours) were implemented during September 15–December 15. Fifty percent of all downstream passage events in the study occurred during the turbine shutdown period. Implementation of the seasonal turbine shutdown period reduced cumulative mortality from 63.3% to 37.3% for American Eels passing all five dams. Modifying the turbine shutdown period to encompass more dates in the spring and linking the shutdowns to environmental conditions could provide greater protection to downstream‐migrating American Eels.Received October 16, 2015; accepted April 3, 2016 Published online August 3, 2016
Hematological and Histological Changes in Prussian Carp Carassius gibelio Infected with Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2
Authors: Lu Jun , Lu Hongda , Cao Genping 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Outbreaks of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) disease, also known as herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis, among cultured Prussian Carp Carassius gibelio has occurred each year in Jiangsu province, China, since 2009. In autumn 2014, hematological, blood biochemical, and histological changes in naturally infected moribund Prussian Carp were investigated after CyHV-2 was confirmed as the sole etiologic agent by etiological analyses. Total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, and thrombocyte count were significantly reduced (P &lt; 0.01), whereas erythrocyte osmotic brittleness was significantly increased (P &lt; 0.01) in infected fish compared with control fish. In addition, monocyte count was higher (P &lt; 0.01) and lymphocyte count was lower (P &lt; 0.01) in diseased fish than in control fish. The blood biochemical analyses indicated significant increases (P &lt; 0.01) in the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase as well as in the levels of total protein, globulin, total bilirubin, creatinine, and urea along with significant decreases (P &lt; 0.01) in glucose and albumin in the diseased group. Histopathological examinations indicated that the kidneys and spleens of moribund Prussian Carp were the most severely lesioned organs, followed by the gills and hearts. Hypertrophied nuclei with marginated chromatin also appeared in the hearts and renal tubular epithelia from diseased fish. Pathological analysis of blood cells showed that approximately 78% of erythrocytes and 94% of leukocytes were lesioned with different levels of degeneration and necrosis in the diseased group. These previously unreported observations may be useful in the diagnosis of CyHV-2 disease.
Received May 11, 2015; accepted March 24, 2016 Published online August 2, 2016
Influences of Sex and Age on the Hematological Profile of the Jundiá (Silver Catfish) Rhamdia quelen
Authors: Nascimento Nivaldo Ferreira , Nakaghi Laura Satiko Okada , Hilbig Cleonice Cristina , Ventura Arlene Sobrinho , Azevedo Ana Carolina Barni , Dean Andressa Fierli , Bombardelli Robie Allan 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In this study, sex and age influenced the hematological profiles of Jundiá (Silver Catfish) Rhamdia quelen. Females showed lower levels of hemoglobin, young fish increased lymphocyte counts, and older fish increased hematocrit values. These results indicate that, depending on age and sex, the fish have disparate hematological profiles. For this reason, it is important to consider the sex and age of an R. quelen when examining the impact of environmental and management factors on this species in terms of their hematological profiles.
Received May 24, 2015; accepted March 24, 2016 Published online August 2, 2016
Improved Broth Microdilution Method for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Francisella Noatunensis Orientalis
Authors: Soto Esteban , Halliday-Simmonds Iona , Francis Stewart , Fraites Trellor , Martínez-López Beatriz , Wiles Judy , Hawke John P. , Endris Richard D. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In this project we optimized a minimal inhibitory concentration testing protocol for Francisella noatunensis orientalis. Thirty-three F. noatunensis orientalis isolates recovered from different fish species and locations were tested, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was used as a quality control reference strain. A modified cation-adjusted Mueller Hinton broth supplemented with 2% IsoVitalex and 0.1% glucose (MMH) was tested at a pH of 6.4 ± 0.1, 7.1 ± 0.1, and 7.3 ± 0.1. Growth curves generated for F. noatunensis orientalis indicated that MMH at a pH of 6.4 ± 0.1 provided optimal growth. There were no significant differences in the growth curves obtained from isolates recovered from different fish species or from fresh or marine water. The pH of 6.4 ± 0.1 in the MMH media interfered with the inhibitory properties of the potentiated sulfonamides (ormetoprim-sulfadimethoxine and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) when using the E. coli ATCC reference strain. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of eight antimicrobials (gentamicin, enrofloxacin, ampicillin, oxytetracycline, erythromycin, florfenicol, flumequine, and oxolinic acid) were similar for all F. noatunensis orientalis isolates. The in vitro susceptibility data provided here can provide a baseline for monitoring the development of antimicrobial resistance among F. noatunensis orientalis isolates, as well as provide valuable data in the development of potential therapeutics.
Received October 27, 2015; accepted April 13, 2016 Published online August 2, 2016
Biological maturity‐associated variance in peak power output and momentum in academy rugby union players
Authors: Howard Sean M. A. , Cumming Sean P. , Atkinson Mark , Malina Robert M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate the mediating effect of biological maturation on anthropometrical measurements, performance indicators and subsequent selection in a group of academy rugby union players. Fifty‐one male players 14–17 years of age were assessed for height, weight and BMI, and percentage of predicted mature status attained at the time of observation was used as an indicator of maturity status. Following this, initial sprint velocity (ISV), Wattbike peak power output (PPO) and initial sprint momentum (ISM) were assessed. A bias towards on‐time (n = 44) and early (n = 7) maturers was evident in the total sample and magnified with age cohort. Relative to UK reference values, weight and height were above the 90th and 75th centiles, respectively. Significant (p ≤ .01) correlations were observed between maturity status and BMI (r = .48), weight (r = .63) and height (r = .48). Regression analysis (controlling for age) revealed that maturity status and height explained 68% of ISM variance; however, including BMI in the model attenuated the influence of maturity status below statistical significance (p = .72). Height and BMI explained 51% of PPO variance, while no initial significant predictors were identified for ISV. The sample consisted of players who were on‐time and early in maturation with no late maturers represented. This was attributable, in part, to the mediating effect of maturation on body size, which, in turn, predicted performance variables.
Force supplementary comparison EURAMET.M.F-S3 (1 kN, 2 kN, 5 kN, and 10 kN)
Authors: Knott A , Machado R R 
Published: August 2016

This report describes EURAMET supplementary comparison EURAMET.M.F-S3, a comparison between the 20 kN force standard machine of NPL and the 10 kN force standard machine of INMETRO, at generated forces of 1 kN, 2 kN, 5 kN, and 10 kN, in both tension and compression, with both incremental and decremental loading. Two different transducers were used and the force-time profile was strictly controlled, to minimise effects of creep. At all four force levels, the results demonstrate that there is no evidence that either machine fails to generate forces in accordance with its CMC.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Force Euramet supplementary comparison EURAMET.M.F-S4 (Euramet Project 1311)10 kN and 20 kN
Authors: Averlant P , Duflon C 
Published: August 2016

This report details the results of a bilateral force comparison carried out between the KIM-LIPI (Indonesia) and the LNE (France), for force values of 10 kN and 20 kN.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Progress of the ELISE test facility: towards one hour pulses in hydrogen
Authors: Wünderlich D. , Fantz U. , Heinemann B. , Kraus W. , Riedl R. , Wimmer C. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In order to fulfil the ITER requirements, the negative hydrogen ion source used for NBI has to deliver a high source performance, i.e. a high extracted negative ion current and simultaneously a low co-extracted electron current over a pulse length up to 1 h. Negative ions will be generated by the surface process in a low-temperature low-pressure hydrogen or deuterium plasma. Therefore, a certain amount of caesium has to be deposited on the plasma grid in order to obtain a low surface work function and consequently a high negative ion production yield. This caesium is re-distributed by the influence of the plasma, resulting in temporal instabilities of the extracted negative ion current and the co-extracted electrons over long pulses. This paper describes experiments performed in hydrogen operation at the half-ITER-size NNBI test facility ELISE in order to develop a caesium conditioning technique for more stable long pulses at an ITER relevant filling pressure of 0.3 Pa. A significant improvement of the long pulse stability is achieved. Together with different plasma diagnostics it is demonstrated that this improvement is correlated to the interplay of very small variations of parameters like the electrostatic potential and the particle densities close to the extraction system.
First measurements of error fields on W7-X using flux surface mappinga
Authors: Lazerson Samuel A. , Otte Matthias , Bozhenkov Sergey , Biedermann Christoph , Pedersen Thomas Sunn 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Error fields have been detected and quantified using the flux surface mapping diagnostic system on Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X). A low-field ‘

ι

=
1

/

2

’ magnetic configuration (

ι

=
ι

/

2
π

), sensitive to error fields, was developed in order to detect their presence using the flux surface mapping diagnostic. In this configuration, a vacuum flux surface with rotational transform of n/m  =  1/2 is created at the mid-radius of the vacuum flux surfaces. If no error fields are present a vanishingly small n/m  =  5/10 island chain should be present. Modeling indicates that if an n  =  1 perturbing field is applied by the trim coils, a large n/m  =  1/2 island chain will be opened. This island chain is used to create a perturbation large enough to be imaged by the diagnostic. Phase and amplitude scans of the applied field allow the measurement of a small

∼

0.04

m intrinsic island chain with a

130

°

phase relative to the first module of the W7-X experiment. These error fields are determined to be small and easily correctable by the trim coil system.
Impact of pressure anisotropy on magnetic configuration and stability
Authors: Layden B. , Qu Z.S. , Fitzgerald M. , Hole M.J. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
A number of tools have recently been developed to study equilibrium and stability in tokamaks with pressure anisotropy. Here we apply these tools to a Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) discharge to calculate equilibrium, Alfvén continua and eigenmodes, through to linear growth and nonlinear saturation of a toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE); this is the first study of wave growth and saturation for anisotropic equilibria. Comparisons with the standard tools which assume an isotropic pressure reveal various differences in equilibrium and modes: the safety factor profile in the isotropic reconstruction is reversed shear while the anisotropic reconstruction gives normal shear; the isotropic TAE gap is much narrower than the anisotropic gap; and the TAE radial mode structure is wider in the anisotropic case. These lead to a modification in the resonant regions of fast-ion phase space, and produce a 35% larger linear growth rate and an 18% smaller saturation amplitude for the TAE in the anisotropic analysis compared to the isotropic analysis.
Price Density Forecasts in the U.S. Hog Markets: Composite Procedures
Authors: Trujillo‐Barrera Andres , Garcia Philip , Mallory Mindy L. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe develop and evaluate quarterly out‐of‐sample individual and composite density forecasts for U.S. hog prices. Individual density forecasts are generated using time series models and the implied distributions of USDA and Iowa State University outlook forecasts. Composite density forecasts are constructed using linear and logarithmic combinations of the individual forecasts and several weighting schemes. Density forecasts are evaluated on predictive accuracy (sharpness), goodness of fit (calibration), and their economic value in a hedging simulation. Logarithmic combinations using equal and mean square error weights outperform all individual density forecasts and are modestly better than linear composites. Comparison of the outlook forecasts to the best composite demonstrates the usefulness of the composite procedure, and identifies the economic value that more accurate expected price probability distributions can provide to producers.
NET-GE: a web-server for NETwork-based human gene enrichment
Authors: Bovo Samuele , Di Lena Pietro , Martelli Pier Luigi , Fariselli Piero , Casadio Rita 
Published: August 2016

Motivation: Gene enrichment is a requisite for the interpretation of biological complexity related to specific molecular pathways and biological processes. Furthermore, when interpreting NGS data and human variations, including those related to pathologies, gene enrichment allows the inclusion of other genes that in the human interactome space may also play important key roles in the emergency of the phenotype. Here, we describe NET-GE, a web server for associating biological processes and pathways to sets of human proteins involved in the same phenotype
Results: NET-GE is based on protein–protein interaction networks, following the notion that for a set of proteins, the context of their specific interactions can better define their function and the processes they can be related to in the biological complexity of the cell. Our method is suited to extract statistically validated enriched terms from Gene Ontology, KEGG and REACTOME annotation databases. Furthermore, NET-GE is effective even when the number of input proteins is small.
Availability and Implementation: NET-GE web server is publicly available and accessible at http://net-ge.biocomp.unibo.it/enrich.
Contact: gigi@biocomp.unibo.it
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
No Evidence of Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus Among Patients Treated With Ledipasvir-Sofosbuvir for Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Sulkowski Mark S. , Chuang Wan-Long , Kao Jia-Horng , Yang Jenny C. , Gao Bing , Brainard Diana M. , Han Kwang-Hyub , Gane Edward 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Postmarketing cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation during hepatitis C treatment have been reported. We analyzed serum samples from patients in a clinical trial of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir in Taiwan and Korea. Of the 173 patients enrolled, 103 (60%) had been previously infected with HBV. None showed evidence of HBV reactivation.
Infrequent Clinical Assessment of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in United States General Healthcare Settings
Authors: Spradling Philip R. , Xing Jian , Rupp Loralee B. , Moorman Anne C. , Gordon Stuart C. , Teshale Eyasu T. , Lu Mei , Boscarino Joseph A. , Trinacty Connie M. , Schmidt Mark A. , Holmberg Scott D. ,   for the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS) Investigators, Holmberg Scott D. , Teshale Eyasu H. , Spradling Philip R. , Moorman Anne C. , Xu Fujie , Xing Jim , Zhong Yuna , Gordon Stuart C. , Nerenz David R. , Lu Mei , Lamerato Lois , Li Jia , Rupp Loralee B. , Akkerman Nonna , Oja-Tebbe Nancy , Zhou Yueren , Zhang Talan , Boscarino Joseph A. , Daar Zahra S. , Smith Robert E. , Lewis Meredith , Trinacty Connie Mah , Daida Yihe G. , Wong Carmen P. , Schmidt Mark A. , Donald Judy L. , Keast Erin M. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Among 2338 chronic hepatitis B patients followed during 2006–2013 in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study, 78% had ≥1 alanine aminotransferase and 37% had ≥1 hepatitis B virus DNA level assessed annually. Among cirrhotic patients, 46% never had hepatic imaging. Patients in this cohort were insufficiently monitored for disease activity and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Fungi exposed to chronic nitrogen enrichment are less able to decay leaf litter
Authors: van Diepen Linda T.A. , Frey Serita D. , Landis Elizabeth A. , Morrison Eric W. , Pringle Anne 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSaprotrophic fungi are the primary decomposers of plant litter in temperate forests, and their activity is critical for carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. Simulated atmospheric N deposition is associated with reduced fungal biomass, shifts in fungal community structure, slowed litter decay, and soil C accumulation. Although rarely studied, N deposition may also result in novel selective pressures on fungi, affecting evolutionary trajectories. To directly test if long-term N enrichment reshapes fungal behaviors, we isolated decomposer fungi from a longterm (28 year) N addition experiment and used a common garden approach to compare growth rates and decay abilities of isolates from control and N amended plots. Both growth and decay were significantly altered by long-term exposure to N enrichment. Changes in growth rates were idiosyncratic, but litter decay by N isolates was generally lower compared to control isolates of the same species, a response not readily reversed when N isolates were grown in control (low N) environments. Changes in fungal behaviors accompany and perhaps drive previously observed N-induced shifts in fungal diversity, community composition, and litter decay dynamics.