bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and facilitators to healthy lifestyle and acceptability of a dietary and physical activity intervention among African Caribbean prostate cancer survivors in the UK: a qualitative study
Authors: Er Vanessa , Lane J Athene , Martin Richard M , Persad Raj , Chinegwundoh Frank , Njoku Victoria , Sutton Eileen 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesDiet and lifestyle may have a role in delaying prostate cancer progression, but little is known about the health behaviours of Black British prostate cancer survivors despite this group having a higher prostate cancer mortality rate than their White counterparts. We explored the barriers and facilitators to dietary and lifestyle changes and the acceptability of a diet and physical activity intervention in African Caribbean prostate cancer survivors.DesignWe conducted semistructured in-depth interviews and used thematic analysis to code and group the data.Participants and settingWe recruited 14 African Caribbean prostate cancer survivors via letter or at oncology follow-up appointments using purposive and convenience sampling.ResultsA prostate cancer diagnosis did not trigger dietary and lifestyle changes in most men. This lack of change was underpinned by five themes: precancer diet and lifestyle, evidence, coping with prostate cancer, ageing, and autonomy. Men perceived their diet and lifestyle to be healthy and were uncertain about the therapeutic benefits of these factors on prostate cancer recurrence. They considered a lifestyle intervention as unnecessary because their prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was kept under control by the treatments they had received. They believed dietary and lifestyle changes should be self-initiated and motivated, but were willing to make additional changes if they were perceived to be beneficial to health. Nonetheless, some men cited advice from health professionals and social support in coping with prostate cancer as facilitators to positive dietary and lifestyle changes. A prostate cancer diagnosis and ageing also heightened men’s awareness of their health, particularly in regards to their body weight.ConclusionsA dietary and physical activity intervention framed as helping men to regain fitness and aid post-treatment recovery aimed at men with elevated PSA may be appealing and acceptable to African Caribbean prostate cancer survivors.
Protocol for a scoping review to identify and map the global health personnel considered skilled attendants at birth in low and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2015
Authors: Hobbs Amy J , Moller Ann-Beth , Carvajal-Aguirre Liliana , Amouzou Agbessi , Chou Doris , Say Lale 
Published: October 2017

IntroductionDespite progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), maternal mortality remains high in countries where there are shortages of skilled personnel able to manage and provide quality care during pregnancy and childbirth. The ‘percentage of births attended by skilled health personnel’ (SAB, skilled attendants at birth) was a key indicator for tracking progress since the MDGs and is part of the Sustainable Development Goal agenda. However, due to contextual differences between and within countries on the definition of SAB, a lack of clarity exists around the training, competencies, and skills they are qualified to perform. In this paper, we outline a scoping review protocol that poses to identify and map the health personnel considered SAB in low and middle-income countries (LMIC).Methods and analysisA search will be conducted for the years 2000–2015 in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, POPLINE and the WHO Global Health Library. A manual search of reference lists from identified studies or systematic reviews and a hand search of the literature from international partner organisations will be done. Original studies conducted in LMIC that assessed health personnel (paid or voluntary) providing interventions during the intrapartum period will be considered for inclusion.Ethics and disseminationA scoping review is a secondary analysis of published literature and does not require ethics approval. This scoping review proposes to synthesise data on the training, competency and skills of identified SAB and expands on other efforts to describe this global health workforce. The results will inform recommendations around improved coverage measurement and reporting of SAB moving forward, allowing for more accurate, consistent and timely data able to guide decisions and action around planning and implementation of maternal and newborn health programme globally. Data will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed manuscript, conferences and to key stakeholders within international organisations.
Activation of professional and personal network relations when experiencing a symptom: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Elnegaard Sandra , Andersen Rikke Sand , Pedersen Anette Fischer , Jarbøl Dorte Ejg 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo describe patterns of disclosure of symptoms experienced among people in the general population to persons in their personal and/or professional network.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study. Data were collected from a web-based survey.SettingThe general population in Denmark.Participants100 000 individuals randomly selected, representative of the adult Danish population aged ≥20 years were invited. Approximately 5% were not eligible for inclusion. 49 706 (men=23 240; women=26 466) of 95 253 eligible individuals completed the questionnaire; yielding a response rate of 52.2%. Individuals completing all questions regarding social network relations form the study base (n=44 313).Primary and secondary outcome measuresActivation of personal and/or professional relations when experiencing a symptom.ResultsThe 44 313 individuals reported in total 260 079 symptom experiences within the last 4 weeks. No professional network relation was used in two-thirds of all reported symptoms. The general practitioner (GP) was the most frequently reported professional relation activated (22.5%). People reporting to have available personal relations were slightly less inclined to contact the GP (21.9%) when experiencing a symptom compared with people with no reported personal relations (26.8%). The most commonly activated personal relations were spouse/partner (56.4%) and friend (19.6%). More than a quarter of all reported symptom experiences was not shared with anyone, personal nor professional. The symptom experiences with the lowest frequency of network activation were symptoms such as black stool, constipation, change in stool texture and frequent urination.ConclusionThis study emphasises variation in the activation of network relations when experiencing a symptom. Symptoms were shared with both personal and professional relations, but different patterns of disclosures were discovered. For symptoms derived from the urogenital or colorectal region, the use of both personal and professional relations was relatively small, which might indicate reticence to involve other people when experiencing symptoms of that nature.
Sum Rule Photodisintegration Cross Sections of 6Li
Authors: Yadav H. L. , Srivastava B. K. 
Published: October 2017

We apply the sum rules of Levinger and Bethe to calculate the integrated [Formula: see text] cross sections for 6Li using the Gaussian and Irving forms of radial wave functions whose parameters are determined by fitting the r.m.s. radius of charge distribution in 6Li. For the potential in the σint calculation we use the central velocity-dependent potential of Herndon et al. Our results for σint and σb for 6Li show reasonably good agreement with experiments.
The d3Σ–a3Πr Transition of SiO
Authors: Singh M. , Bredohl H. , Remy F. , Dubois I. 
Published: October 2017

The triple headed and violet degraded band of SiO at 2970 Å has been excited in a high frequency discharge through a mixture of SiCl4, oxygen, and argon flowing at low pressures. From a study of the high resolution spectrum, this band has been assigned to a 3Σ–3Π transition. The final state has been identified with the well known a3Πr state of SiO, and the initial state has been designated as the d3Σ and located at 33 640 cm−1 above the a3Πr. The rotational constants determined for the d3Σ state are (in cm−1): [Formula: see text]
The Size Dependence of the Melting Point of Small Particles of Indium
Authors: Berman R. P. , Curzon A. E. 
Published: October 2017

A Philips E.M. 300 electron microscope operating in the dark field high resolution mode has been used to study the size dependence of the melting points of individual particles of indium. The straight line graph, obtained from a simple thermodynamic treatment of the results, shows that the surface tension at the interface between solid and liquid indium is σ1 = 101 ± 10 dyn/cm. Similar experiments were carried out on tin so that the results of the present experiments could be compared with those of other workers. The value of the interfacial surface tension was σ1 = 69 ± 6 dyn/cm.
Positron–Helium Scattering Cross Sections and Phase Shifts Below 19 eV: Addendum
Authors: Jaduszliwer B. , Paul D. A. L. 
Published: October 2017

We have extended the phase shift analysis of our positron–helium transmission experiments to determine the importance of cross correlation between the s and p wave phase shifts in a previous paper. We have found out that using Humberston's s wave phase shifts with suitably modified p and d wave phase shifts leads to as good a fit to our experimental data as Drachman's s wave phase phase shifts. Preliminary values of total cross section are given in the 19 to 27 eV energy region.
ZnO Thin Films and Their Application to Germanium Acousto-optic Modulators
Authors: Hillman G. D. , Seguin H. J. J. 
Published: October 2017

The deposition system and parameters for repeatably producing highly oriented ZnO thin films suitable for high frequency acousto-electric transducers are described. At the high super-saturations used the state of the nucleating surface and the partial pressure of oxygen, in the sputtering gas mix, are shown to critically affect the texture and stress level in the film. The performance of a germanium acousto-optic modulator employing a ZnO thin film transducer is compared with that expected theoretically. The photoelastic constant of germanium at 10.6 μ is shown to be 0.42 ± 0.05. The analysis indicates that a germanium acoust-ooptic modulator could be used to efficiently couple energy out of a CO2 laser.
The Absorption Spectrum of D2 from 1100 to 840 Å
Authors: Dabrowski I. , Herzberg G. 
Published: October 2017

The absorption spectrum of D2 has been studied in absorption at high resolution (0.254 Å/mm) in the region 1100 to 840 Å. The three band systems B1Σu+ ← X1Σg+ (Lyman bands), B′ 1Σu+ ← X1Σg+ and C1Πu ← X1Σg (Werner bands) have been measured right up to the dissociation limit. New improved values of the rotational and vibrational constants in the three upper states have been derived. By comparing the electronic energy differences Tc thus obtained with the corresponding values for H2 fairly precise values for the electronic isotope shifts for the B–X and C–X systems have been determined (+ 2.8 and −7.4 cm−1 respectively). In this connection two gaps in the knowledge of the absorption spectrum of H2 have been filled: the Lyman bands with ν′ = 5–16 and the Werner bands with ν′ = 0–4 (see Appendix). A detailed comparison is made of the observed vibrational levels and the observed Bν values of D2 with those derived from ab initio calculations based on the Kotos and Wolniewicz' potential functions. From the observed electronic isotope shift the adiabatic corrections can be estimated near the minimum. For the B state these estimates agree very well with the ab initio calculations. The remaining differences between observation and theory are partly due to lack of convergence of the Born–Oppenheimer calculation, partly to the neglect of nonadiabatic corrections. The convergence error near minimum is estimated to be 5.1 cm−1 for the B state and 1.2 cm−1 for the C state.
Transfer of Electronic Excitation between the 62P3/2 and 62P1/2 States of Rubidium Induced by Collisions with Rubidium Atoms
Authors: Pace Paul W. , Atkinson J. B. 
Published: October 2017

The cross sections for excitation transfer between the 62P fine structure levels of rubidium, induced in collisions with ground state rubidium atoms, have been measured using a nitrogen laser pumped dye laser as the optical excitation source in a fluorescence experiment. Rubidium vapor was irradiated with each component of the 2P rubidium doublet in turn, and measurements of the relative intensities of fluorescence yielded the following cross sections: [Formula: see text] These results are consistent with the empirical relationship between the magnitude of the cross sections and the fine structure splitting that has previously been established for the alkalis.
Multipole Deformations in 19F and in the Neon Isotopes and Electric Multipole Strength in 19F from Inelastic Scattering of 30 MeV Protons
Authors: Swiniarski R. De , Genoux-Lubain A. , Bagieu G. , Cavaignac J. F. 
Published: October 2017

Cross sections were measured for inelastic scattering of 30 MeV protons from 19F, 20Ne, 21Ne, and22Ne. The cross sections of the ground state rotational band in these nuclei were analyzed in the coupled channels formalism and yield further evidence for a large hexadecapole deformation in 19F (β4 = 0.14 ± 0.04) and in 20Ne (β4 = 0.28 ± 0.05) in good agreement with several recent proton inelastic scattering experiments. These calculations show also that the Y4 moment is small or close to zero in 21Ne and 22Ne (β4 ≤ 0.05). The analysis of the available 19F cross section in the DWBA formalism shows evidence for a large and significant octupole transition strength for the 1.35 MeV (5/2−) (3.6 W.u.), the 5.43 MeV (7/2−) state (6.70 W.u.), and the 5.63 MeV (5/2−) state (3.60 W.u.). The measured transition strengths are generally in disagreement with recent low energy (α, α′) or (d, d′) results but also with the earlier Coulomb excitation measurements. Thus, we confirm that a major discrepancy still exists between inelastic scattering and Coulomb excitation of the octupole transition strength to several states in 19F but mainly to the 1.35 MeV (5/2−) state as was already pointed out some time ago from a low energy inelastic proton scattering experiment. On a mesuré les sections efficaces pour la diffusion inélastique de protons de 30 MeV excitant les noyaux 19F, 20Ne, 21Ne et 22Ne.
Insulin-producing cells and their regulation in physiology and behavior ofDrosophila1This review is part of a virtual symposium on recent advances in understanding a variety of complex regulatory processes in insect physiology and endocrinology, including development, metabolism, cold hardiness, food intake and digestion, and diuresis, through the use of omics technologies in the postgenomic era.
Authors: Nässel Dick R. 
Published: October 2017

Insulin-like peptide signaling regulates development, growth, reproduction, metabolism, stress resistance, and life span in a wide spectrum of animals. Not only the peptides, but also their tyrosine kinase receptors and the downstream signaling pathways are conserved over evolution. This review summarizes roles of insulin-like peptides (DILPs) in physiology and behavior of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830. Seven DILPs (DILP1–7) and one receptor (dInR) have been identified in Drosophila. These DILPs display cell and stage specific expression patterns. In the adult, DILP2, 3, and 5 are expressed in insulin-producing cells (IPCs) among the median neurosecretory cells of the brain, DILP7 in 20 neurons of the abdominal ganglion, and DILP6 in the fat body. The DILPs of the IPCs regulate starvation resistance, responses to oxidative and temperature stress, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, the IPCs seem to regulate feeding, locomotor activity, sleep and ethanol sensitivity, but the mechanisms are not elucidated. Insulin also alters the sensitivity in the olfactory system that affects food search behavior, and regulates peptidergic neurons that control aspects of feeding behavior. Finally, the control of insulin production and release by humoral and neuronal factors is discussed. This includes a fat body derived factor and the neurotransmitters GABA, serotonin, octopamine, and two neuropeptides.
Families of allatoregulator sequences: a 2011 perspective1This review is part of a virtual symposium on recent advances in understanding a variety of complex regulatory processes in insect physiology and endocrinology, including development, metabolism, cold hardiness, food intake and digestion, and diuresis, through the use of omics technologies in the postgenomic era.
Authors: Bendena William G. , Tobe Stephen S. 
Published: October 2017

Three different peptide families have been named “allatostatins” (ASTs), based on their initial purifications which were based on their ability to inhibit juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis. These include (i) a family of peptides that have a consensus C-terminal sequence Y/FXFGL-NH2; (ii) a family of peptides with a conserved C-terminal sequence W(X)6W-NH2; and(iii) a family of peptides with C-terminal sequence PISCF, some of which are C-terminally-amidated. Each allatostatin family has functions distinct and apart from the inhibition of JH biosynthesis. A peptide family known as the “allatotropins” serve to stimulate JH biosynthesis. This family of peptides also has been proven to exert multiple effects dependent on the species in question. Genome and peptidome projects are uncovering new members of these families and it is clear that these structures are not just confined to Insecta but are found in a range of invertebrates. The receptors for these neuropeptides have been identified and tested experimentally for specific ligand binding. The Y/FXFGLa-ASTs exert their action through galanin-like receptors, W(X)6Wa-ASTs through a sex peptide-binding receptor, and PISCF-ASTs through somatostatin-like receptors. These receptors are conserved through evolutionary time and are being identified in numerous invertebrates by way of genome projects.
Peptidergic control of food intake and digestion in insects1This review is part of a virtual symposium on recent advances in understanding a variety of complex regulatory processes in insect physiology and endocrinology, including development, metabolism, cold hardiness, food intake and digestion, and diuresis, through the use of omics technologies in the postgenomic era.
Authors: Spit J. , Badisco L. , Verlinden H. , Van Wielendaele P. , Zels S. , Dillen S. , Vanden Broeck J. 
Published: October 2017

Like all heterotrophic organisms, insects require a strict control of food intake and efficient digestion of food into nutrients to maintain homeostasis and to fulfill physiological tasks. Feeding and digestion are steered by both external and internal signals that are transduced by a multitude of regulatory factors, delivered either by neurons innervating the gut or mouthparts, or by midgut endocrine cells. The present review gives an overview of peptide regulators known to control feeding and digestion in insects. We describe the discovery and functional role in these processes for insect allatoregulatory peptides, diuretic hormones, FMRFamide-related peptides, (short) neuropeptide F, proctolin, saliva production stimulating peptides, kinins, and tachykinins. These peptides control either gut myoactivity, food intake, and (or) release of digestive enzymes. Some peptides exert their action at multiple levels, possibly having a biological function that depends on their site of delivery. Many regulatory peptides have been physically extracted from different insect species. However, multiple peptidomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and genome sequencing projects have led to increased discovery and prediction of peptide (precursor) and receptor sequences. In combination with physiological experiments, these large-scale projects have already led to important steps forward in unraveling the physiology of feeding and digestion in insects.
A passagem e a presença dos Jê Meridionais por São Paulo e Paraná: uma reflexão etno-histórica
Authors: Mota Lúcio Tadeu 
Published: October 2017

A presença de populações de filiação linguística Jê (Kaingang e Xokleng) no sul do Brasil tem sido objeto de reflexão de pesquisadores das diversas áreas do conhecimento. A produção científica sobre elas, que remonta ao final do século XIX, teve continuidade por todo o século XX e ampliou-se no início do século XXI. Estudos linguísticos e antropológicos vinculam os Kaingang e Xokleng aos Jê do Brasil Central devido a permanência de traços linguísticos e culturais. No entanto, entendemos que os Jê do Sul (Kaingang e os Xokleng) não vieram “prontos” do Brasil Central e difundiram aqui no Sul suas “essencialidades”. Histórica e antropologicamente os grupos étnicos não são entidades fechadas, não estão isolados por fronteiras rígidas sem interação com outros grupos, e suas etnicidades não são dadas previamente. Assim, nossa proposição é iniciar uma reflexão sobre esse processo sócio-histórico de ocupação dos territórios do planalto meridional do Brasil pelos Jê do Sul, realçando as relações socioculturais dos Kaingang e Xokleng entre si e com outras populações do entorno. Focalizaremos nossas observações nos territórios das duas margens dos rios Paranapanema/ Itararé e Itapirapuã/Ribeira, por entendermos que as possíveis passagens dos Jê para o sul ocorreram em pontos ao longo desses rios. Procurar-se-á evidenciar, nesses espaços, os marcadores de cultura material e os dados históricos, que nos apontem os possíveis corredores de transposição dessas populações por São Paulo e Paraná. Utilizaremos a Etno-história como um método interdisciplinar, por entender que ele conjuga dados e procedimentos de várias disciplinas: história, antropologia, arqueologia, linguística, geografia, ecologia, e também porque valoriza as tradições orais e os etno-conhecimentos na construção de explicações sobre o passado das populações indígenas.