bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global quantitative proteomics reveal up-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress response proteins upon depletion of eIF5A in HeLa cells
Authors: Mandal Ajeet , Mandal Swati , Park Myung Hee 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe eukaryotic translation factor, eIF5A, is a translation factor essential for protein synthesis, cell growth and animal development. By use of a adenoviral eIF5A shRNA, we have achieved an effective depletion of eIF5A in HeLa cells and undertook in vivo comprehensive proteomic analyses to examine the effects of eIF5A depletion on the total proteome and to identify cellular pathways influenced by eIF5A. The proteome of HeLa cells transduced with eIF5A shRNA was compared with that of scramble shRNA-transduced counterpart by the iTRAQ method. We identified 972 proteins consistently detected in three iTRAQ experiments and 104 proteins with significantly altered levels (protein ratio ≥1.5 or ≤0.66, p-value ≤0.05) at 72 h and/or 96 h of Ad-eIF5A-shRNA transduction. The altered expression levels of key pathway proteins were validated by western blotting. Integration of functional ontology with expression data of the 104 proteins revealed specific biological processes that are prominently up- or down-regulated. Heatmap analysis and Cytoscape visualization of biological networks identified protein folding as the major cellular process affected by depletion of eIF5A. Our unbiased, quantitative, proteomic data demonstrate that the depletion of eIF5A leads to endoplasmic reticulum stress, an unfolded protein response and up-regulation of chaperone expression in HeLa cells.
Concurrent Formation of Carbon–Carbon Bonds and Functionalized Graphene by Oxidative Carbon-Hydrogen Coupling Reaction
Authors: Morioku Kumika , Morimoto Naoki , Takeuchi Yasuo , Nishina Yuta 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOxidative C–H coupling reactions were conducted using graphene oxide (GO) as an oxidant. GO showed high selectivity compared with commonly used oxidants such as (diacetoxyiodo) benzene and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone. A mechanistic study revealed that radical species contributed to the reaction. After the oxidative coupling reaction, GO was reduced to form a material that shows electron conductivity and high specific capacitance. Therefore, this system could concurrently achieve two important reactions: C–C bond formationviaC–H transformation and production of functionalized graphene.
Awareness of Emotional Stimuli Determines the Behavioral Consequences of Amygdala Activation and Amygdala-Prefrontal Connectivity
Authors: Lapate R. C. , Rokers B. , Tromp D. P. M. , Orfali N. S. , Oler J. A. , Doran S. T. , Adluru N. , Alexander A. L. , Davidson R. J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractConscious awareness of negative cues is thought to enhance emotion-regulatory capacity, but the neural mechanisms underlying this effect are unknown. Using continuous flash suppression (CFS) in the MRI scanner, we manipulated visual awareness of fearful faces during an affect misattribution paradigm, in which preferences for neutral objects can be biased by the valence of a previously presented stimulus. The amygdala responded to fearful faces independently of awareness. However, when awareness of fearful faces was prevented, individuals with greater amygdala responses displayed a negative bias toward unrelated novel neutral faces. In contrast, during the aware condition, inverse coupling between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex reduced this bias, particularly among individuals with higher structural connectivity in the major white matter pathway connecting the prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Collectively, these results indicate that awareness promotes the function of a critical emotion-regulatory network targeting the amygdala, providing a mechanistic account for the role of awareness in emotion regulation.
Local microstructure evolution at shear bands in metallic glasses with nanoscale phase separation
Authors: He Jie , Kaban Ivan , Mattern Norbert , Song Kaikai , Sun Baoan , Zhao Jiuzhou , Kim Do Hyang , Eckert Jürgen , Greer A. Lindsay 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAt room temperature, plastic flow of metallic glasses (MGs) is sharply localized in shear bands, which are a key feature of the plastic deformation in MGs. Despite their clear importance and decades of study, the conditions for formation of shear bands, their structural evolution and multiplication mechanism are still under debate. In this work, we investigate the local conditions at shear bands in new phase-separated bulk MGs containing glassy nanospheres and exhibiting exceptional plasticity under compression. It is found that the glassy nanospheres within the shear band dissolve through mechanical mixing driven by the sharp strain localization there, while those nearby in the matrix coarsen by Ostwald ripening due to the increased atomic mobility. The experimental evidence demonstrates that there exists an affected zone around the shear band. This zone may arise from low-strain plastic deformation in the matrix between the bands. These results suggest that measured property changes originate not only from the shear bands themselves, but also from the affected zones in the adjacent matrix. This work sheds light on direct visualization of deformation-related effects, in particular increased atomic mobility, in the region around shear bands.
The functional role of time compression
Authors: Zimmermann Eckart , Derichs Christina , Fink Gereon R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMultisensory integration provides continuous and stable perception from separate sensory inputs. Here, we investigated the functional role of temporal binding between the visual and the tactile senses. To this end we used the paradigm of compression that induces shifts in time when probe stimuli are degraded, e.g., by a visual mask (Zimmermann et al. 2014). Subjects had to estimate the duration of temporal intervals of 500 ms defined by a tactile and a visual, masked stimulus. We observed a strong (~100 ms) underestimation of the temporal interval when the stimuli from both senses appeared to occur at the same position in space. In contrast, when the positions of the visual and tactile stimuli were spatially separate, interval perception was almost veridical. Temporal compression furthermore depended on the correspondence of probe features and was absent when the orientation of the tactile and visual probes was incongruent. An additional experiment revealed that temporal compression also occurs when objects were presented outside the attentional focus. In conclusion, these data support a role for spatiotemporal binding in temporal compression, which is at least in part selective for object features.
Associations between whole peripheral blood fatty acids and DNA methylation in humans
Authors: de la Rocha Carmen , Pérez-Mojica J. Eduardo , León Silvia Zenteno-De , Cervantes-Paz Braulio , Tristán-Flores Fabiola E. , Rodríguez-Ríos Dalia , Molina-Torres Jorge , Ramírez-Chávez Enrique , Alvarado-Caudillo Yolanda , Carmona F. Javier , Esteller Manel , Hernández-Rivas Rosaura , Wrobel Katarzyna , Wrobel Kazimierz , Zaina Silvio , Lund Gertrud 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFatty acids (FA) modify DNA methylation in vitro, but limited information is available on whether corresponding associations exist in vivo and reflect any short-term effect of the diet. Associations between global DNA methylation and FAs were sought in blood from lactating infants (LI; n = 49) and adult males (AMM; n = 12) equally distributed across the three conventional BMI classes. AMM provided multiple samples at 2-hour intervals during 8 hours after either a single Western diet-representative meal (post-prandial samples) or no meal (fasting samples). Lipid/glucose profile, HDAC4 promoter and PDK4 5’UTR methylation were determined in AMM. Multiple regression analysis revealed that global (in LI) and both global and PDK4-specific DNA methylation (in AMM) were positively associated with eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acid. HDAC4 methylation was inversely associated with arachidonic acid post-prandially in AMM. Global DNA methylation did not show any defined within-day pattern that would suggest a short-term response to the diet. Nonetheless, global DNA methylation was higher in normal weight subjects both post-prandially and in fasting and coincided with higher polyunsaturated relative to monounsaturated and saturated FAs. We show for the first time strong associations of DNA methylation with specific FAs in two human cohorts of distinct age, diet and postnatal development stage.
A Targeted Metabolomics MRM-MS Study on Identifying Potential Hypertension Biomarkers in Human Plasma and Evaluating Acupuncture Effects
Authors: Yang Mingxiao , Yu Zheng , Deng Shufang , Chen Xiaomin , Chen Liang , Guo Zhenyu , Zheng Hui , Chen Lin , Cai Dingjun , Wen Bo , Wu Qiaofeng , Liang Fanrong 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe critical role of metabolic abnormality in hypertension is increasingly recognized, but its biomarkers are not clearly identified. In this study, 47 chemical compounds recorded by literature were employed as target metabolites of essential hypertension (EH). We detected their content in the plasma of EH patients and healthy subjects by using the Multiple Reaction Monitoring-Mass Spectrometry (MRM-MS). After screening the most altered compounds, acupuncture was used to treat patients for 3 months and these plasma metabolites were tested again. The results showed that oleic acid (OA) and myoinositol (MI) were the most important differential metabolites between the hypertensive plasma and the healthy plasma. They were also closely correlated with 24-hour blood pressure and nocturnal dipping. Moreover, plasma OA and MI could be restored to normal levels by acupuncture, accompanying with reduction of 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure [from 145.10 ± 9.28 mm Hg to 140.70 ± 9.59 mm Hg (P < 0.0001) and 88.35 ± 7.92 mm Hg to 85.86 ± 7.95 mm Hg (P = 0.0024), respectively] and improvement of circadian blood pressure rhythm. This study demonstrated that plasma OA and MI were potential hypertension biomarkers and they could be used to preliminarily assess the treating effects such as acupuncture.
Fast machine-learning online optimization of ultra-cold-atom experiments
Authors: Wigley P. B. , Everitt P. J. , van den Hengel A. , Bastian J. W. , Sooriyabandara M. A. , McDonald G. D. , Hardman K. S. , Quinlivan C. D. , Manju P. , Kuhn C. C. N. , Petersen I. R. , Luiten A. N. , Hope J. J. , Robins N. P. , Hush M. R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe apply an online optimization process based on machine learning to the production of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC). BEC is typically created with an exponential evaporation ramp that is optimal for ergodic dynamics with two-body s-wave interactions and no other loss rates, but likely sub-optimal for real experiments. Through repeated machine-controlled scientific experimentation and observations our ‘learner’ discovers an optimal evaporation ramp for BEC production. In contrast to previous work, our learner uses a Gaussian process to develop a statistical model of the relationship between the parameters it controls and the quality of the BEC produced. We demonstrate that the Gaussian process machine learner is able to discover a ramp that produces high quality BECs in 10 times fewer iterations than a previously used online optimization technique. Furthermore, we show the internal model developed can be used to determine which parameters are essential in BEC creation and which are unimportant, providing insight into the optimization process of the system.
α-Amanitin Restrains Cancer Relapse from Drug-Tolerant Cell Subpopulations via TAF15
Authors: Kume Kohei , Ikeda Miyuki , Miura Sawako , Ito Kohei , Sato Kei A. , Ohmori Yukimi , Endo Fumitaka , Katagiri Hirokatsu , Ishida Kaoru , Ito Chie , Iwaya Takeshi , Nishizuka Satoshi S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCancer relapse occurs with substantial frequency even after treatment with curative intent. Here we studied drug-tolerant colonies (DTCs), which are subpopulations of cancer cells that survive in the presence of drugs. Proteomic characterization of DTCs identified stemness- and epithelial-dominant subpopulations, but functional screening suggested that DTC formation was regulated at the transcriptional level independent from protein expression patterns. We consistently found that α-amanitin, an RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) inhibitor, effectively inhibited DTCs by suppressing TAF15 expression, which binds to RNA to modulate transcription and RNA processing. Sequential administration of α-amanitin and cisplatin extended overall survival in a cancer-relapse mouse model, namely peritonitis carcinomatosa. Therefore, post-treatment cancer relapse may occur through non-distinct subpopulations and may be effectively prevented by α-amanitin to disrupt transcriptional machinery, including TAF15.
Identifying local-scale wilderness for on-ground conservation actions within a global biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Lin Shiwei , Wu Ruidong , Hua Chaolang , Ma Jianzhong , Wang Wenli , Yang Feiling , Wang Junjun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractProtecting wilderness areas (WAs) is a crucial proactive approach to sustain biodiversity. However, studies identifying local-scale WAs for on-ground conservation efforts are still very limited. This paper investigated the spatial patterns of wilderness in a global biodiversity hotspot – Three Parallel Rivers Region (TPRR) in southwest China. Wilderness was classified into levels 1 to 10 based on a cluster analysis of five indicators, namely human population density, naturalness, fragmentation, remoteness and ruggedness. Only patches characterized by wilderness level 1 and ≥1.0 km2 were considered WAs. The wilderness levels in the northwest were significantly higher than those in the southeast and clearly increased with the increase in elevation. The WAs covered approximately 25% of TPRR’s land, 89.3% of which was located in the >3,000 m elevation zones. WAs consisted of 20 vegetation types, among which temperate conifer forest, cold temperate shrub and alpine ecosystems covered 79.4% of WAs’ total area. Most WAs were still not protected yet by existing reserves. Topography and human activities are the primary influencing factors on the spatial patterns of wilderness. We suggest establishing strictly protected reserves for most large WAs, while some sustainable management approaches might be more optimal solutions for many highly fragmented small WAs.
Reduced cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in extremely preterm neonates with low-grade germinal matrix- intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors: Lin Pei-Yi , Hagan Katherine , Fenoglio Angela , Grant P. Ellen , Franceschini Maria Angela 
Published: May 2016

AbstractLow-grade germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) is the most common complication in extremely premature neonates. The occurrence of GM-IVH is highly associated with hemodynamic instability in the premature brain, yet the long-term impact of low-grade GM-IVH on cerebral blood flow and neuronal health have not been fully investigated. We used an innovative combination of frequency-domain near infrared spectroscopy and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (FDNIRS-DCS) to measure cerebral oxygen saturation (SO2) and an index of cerebral blood flow (CBFi) at the infant’s bedside and compute an index of cerebral oxygen metabolism (CMRO2i). We enrolled twenty extremely low gestational age (ELGA) neonates (seven with low-grade GM-IVH) and monitored them weekly until they reached full-term equivalent age. During their hospital stay, we observed consistently lower CBFiand CMRO2iin ELGA neonates with low-grade GM-IVH compared to neonates without hemorrhages. Furthermore, lower CBFiand CMRO2iin the former group persists even after the resolution of the hemorrhage. In contrast, SO2does not differ between groups. Thus, CBFiand CMRO2imay have better sensitivity than SO2in detecting GM-IVH-related effects on infant brain development. FDNIRS-DCS methods may have clinical benefit for monitoring the evolution of GM-IVH, evaluating treatment response and potentially predicting neurodevelopmental outcome.
Potentiation of Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion by the GPR40–PLC–TRPC Pathway in Pancreatic β-Cells
Authors: Yamada Hodaka , Yoshida Masashi , Ito Kiyonori , Dezaki Katsuya , Yada Toshihiko , Ishikawa San-e , Kakei Masafumi 
Published: May 2016

AbstractG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed in pancreatic beta-cells. G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) contributes to medium- or long-chain fatty acid-induced amplification of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and GPR40 agonists are promising therapeutic targets in type 2 diabetes. Recently, we demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide 1, a ligand of pancreatic GPCR, activates a class of nonselective cation channels (NSCCs) and enhances GSIS. The aim of the current study was to determine whether the GPR40 signal interacts with NSCCs. A GPR40 agonist (fasiglifam) potentiated GSIS at 8.3 and 16.7 mM glucose but not 2.8 mM glucose. The NSCC current was activated by fasiglifam at 5.6 mM glucose with 100 μM tolbutamide (−70 mV) and this activation was prevented by the presence of pyrazole-3 (transient receptor potential canonical; a TRPC3 channel blocker). Inhibitors of phospholipase C or protein kinase C (PKC) inhibited the increases in GSIS and the NSCC current induced by GPR40 stimulation. The present study demonstrates a novel mechanism for the regulation of insulin secretion by GPR40 agonist in pancreatic beta-cells. The stimulation of the GPR40–PLC/PKC–TRPC3 channel pathway potentiates GSIS by the depolarization of the plasma membrane in pancreatic beta-cell.
The spin-dependent transport properties of zigzag α-graphyne nanoribbons and new device design
Authors: Ni Yun , Wang Xia , Tao Wei , Zhu Si-Cong , Yao Kai-Lun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBy performing first-principle quantum transport calculations, we studied the electronic and transport properties of zigzag α-graphyne nanoribbons in different magnetic configurations. We designed the device based on zigzag α-graphyne nanoribbon and studied the spin-dependent transport properties, whose current-voltage curves show obvious spin-polarization and conductance plateaus. The interesting transport behaviours can be explained by the transport spectra under different magnetic configurations, which basically depends on the symmetry matching of the electrodes’ bandstructures. Simultaneously, spin Seebeck effect is also found in the device. Thus, according to the transport behaviours, zigzag α-graphyne nanoribbons can be used as a dual spin filter diode, a molecule signal converter and a spin caloritronics device, which indicates that α-graphyne is a promising candidate for the future application in spintronics.
SOD2 deregulation enhances migration, invasion and has poor prognosis in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Chang Boyang , Yang Hang , Jiao Yuan , Wang Kefeng , Liu Zhonghua , Wu Peihong , Li Su , Wang Anxun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the role of SOD2 in the progression and metastasis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). We analyzed the expression of SOD2 in 50 SACC patients. Then, the effects and mechanism of SOD2 on cell metastasis in a pair of different metastatic potential cell lines was investigated. SOD2 was deregulated in patients with SACC. Up-regulation of SOD2 was associated with distant metastasis and reduced overall survival and disease free - survival. Compared to SACC-83 cells (lower metastasis ability), SACC-LM cells (higher metastasis ability) had higher SOD2 activity and intracellular H2O2 concentrations, and protein levels of pERK1/2 and Slug, but had similar catalase protein level and activity. In SACC-LM, reducing the expression of SOD2 by SiRNA inhibited the metastasis ability and reduced the SOD2 activities, intracellular H2O2 concentrations, and protein levels of pERK1/2 and Slug. These effects were revised in SACC-83 after SOD2 overexpression. Moreover, in SACC-83, treated with H2O2, the metastasis was enhanced accompanied by increased protein levels of pERK1/2 and Slug. We confirmed that SOD2 play an important role in the development and prognosis of SACC and SOD2-dependent production of H2O2 contributes to metastasis of SACC through the ERK-Slug signaling pathway.
Variation in fungal microbiome (mycobiome) and aflatoxins during simulated storage of in-shell peanuts and peanut kernels
Authors: Xing Fuguo , Ding Ning , Liu Xiao , Selvaraj Jonathan Nimal , Wang Limin , Zhou Lu , Zhao Yueju , Wang Yan , Liu Yang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractInternal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequencing was used to characterize the peanut mycobiome during 90 days storage at five conditions. The fungal diversity in in-shell peanuts was higher with 110 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 41 genera than peanut kernels (91 OTUs and 37 genera). This means that the micro-environment in shell is more suitable for maintaining fungal diversity. At 20–30 d,Rhizopus,EurotiumandWallemiawere predominant in in-shell peanuts. In peanut kernels,Rhizopus(>30%) andEurotium(>20%) were predominant at 10–20 d and 30 d, respectively. The relative abundances ofRhizopus,EurotiumandWallemiawere higher thanAspergillus, because they were xerophilic and grew well on substrates with low water activity (aw). During growth, they released metabolic water, thereby favoring the growth ofAspergillus. Therefore, from 30 to 90 d, the relative abundance ofAspergillusincreased while that ofRhizopus,EurotiumandWallemiadecreased. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed that peanuts stored for 60–90 days and for 10–30 days clustered differently from each other. Due to lowawvalues (0.34–0.72)and low levels ofA. flavus, nine of 51 samples were contaminated with aflatoxins.
Engineering 3D bicontinuous hierarchically macro-mesoporous LiFePO4/C nanocomposite for lithium storage with high rate capability and long cycle stability
Authors: Zhang Qian , Huang Shao-Zhuan , Jin Jun , Liu Jing , Li Yu , Wang Hong-En , Chen Li-Hua , Wang Bin-Jie , Su Bao-Lian 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA highly crystalline three dimensional (3D) bicontinuous hierarchically macro-mesoporous LiFePO4/C nanocomposite constructed by nanoparticles in the range of 50~100 nm via a rapid microwave assisted solvothermal process followed by carbon coating have been synthesized as cathode material for high performance lithium-ion batteries. The abundant 3D macropores allow better penetration of electrolyte to promote Li+ diffusion, the mesopores provide more electrochemical reaction sites and the carbon layers outside LiFePO4 nanoparticles increase the electrical conductivity, thus ultimately facilitating reverse reaction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ and alleviating electrode polarization. In addition, the particle size in nanoscale can provide short diffusion lengths for the Li+ intercalation-deintercalation. As a result, the 3D macro-mesoporous nanosized LiFePO4/C electrode exhibits excellent rate capability (129.1 mA h/g at 2 C; 110.9 mA h/g at 10 C) and cycling stability (87.2% capacity retention at 2 C after 1000 cycles, 76.3% at 5 C after 500 cycles and 87.8% at 10 C after 500 cycles, respectively), which are much better than many reported LiFePO4/C structures. Our demonstration here offers the opportunity to develop nanoscaled hierarchically porous LiFePO4/C structures for high performance lithium-ion batteries through microwave assisted solvothermal method.