bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient receptor potential a1 (TRPA1) agonists inhibit contractions of the isolated human ureter
Authors: Weinhold Philipp , Hennenberg Martin , Strittmatter Frank , Stief Christian G. , Gratzke Christian , Hedlund Petter 
Published: July 2017

AimsMechanoafferent and peristaltic mechanisms of the human ureter involve transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1)‐ and purinoceptor‐mediated functions. Hydrogen sulphide, an endogenous TRPA1 ligand, is linked to inhibitory neurotransmission of the pig ureter. No information is available on TRPA1 activity in the human ureter. We therefore examined the distribution and function of TRPA1 in the human ureter.MethodsExpression of TRPA1 in human ureter tissue was studied by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The TRPA1 distribution was compared to TRPV1, calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and vimentin. Effects of the TRPA1 agonists allyl isothiocyanate (AI), cinnamaldehyde (CA), sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS), and capsaicin (TRPV1 agonist) on human ureter preparations were studied in organ baths.ResultsBy Western blot, bands were detected at the expected molecular weight for TRPA1. TRPA1‐ and TRPV1‐immunoreactivities were located on CGRP‐positive nerves, but not on TH‐positive nerves. TRPA1 was also located in vimentin‐positive interstitial cells. In functional experiments, neither of the TRPA1‐agonists (1‐100 μM) had any direct effects on ureter tension (baseline/potassium‐induced contractions). However, CA, AI, NaHS, and capsaicin (10 μM) decreased (P < 0.01‐0.05) tetrodotoxin‐sensitive electrically induced (2,4,8,16,32 Hz) contractions. Inhibitory activities were 50‐61% (CA), 30‐56% (AI), 30‐40% (NaHS), and 37‐67% (Capsaicin).ConclusionsIn the human ureter, TRPA1 is located to sensory nerves and interstitial cells. TRPA1 agonists inhibited electrically induced contractions but had no direct effect on smooth muscle tension of the human ureter. A role for TRPA1 in modulating neurotransmission and possibly peristalsis of the human ureter is proposed.
Mild Reductive Functionalization of Amides into N‐Sulfonylformamidines
Authors: Trillo Paz , Slagbrand Tove , Tinnis Fredrik , Adolfsson Hans 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe development of a protocol for the reductive functionalization of amides into N‐sulfonylformamidines is reported. The one‐pot procedure is based on a mild catalytic reduction of tertiary amides into the corresponding enamines by the use of Mo(CO)6 (molybdenum hexacarbonyl) and TMDS (1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane). The formed enamines were allowed to react with sulfonyl azides to give the target compounds in moderate to good yields.
Tunneln am Quantenlimit
Authors: Ast Christian R. 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Quantenmechanik hat faszinierende Konsequenzen. Zum Beispiel kann ein kleiner Strom durch zwei Elektroden fließen, auch wenn sie sich nicht berühren. Solange sich ihre Wellenfunktionen gerade noch überlappen, können Elektronen durch den Zwischenraum tunneln. Der Tunneleffekt wird noch quantenmechanischer, wenn man bis auf Temperaturen sehr nahe am absoluten Nullpunkt abkühlt. Dann offenbaren die tunnelnden Elektronen ihre Quantennatur: Der Strom fließt nicht mehr wie Wasser durch einen Wasserhahn sondern rieselt wie Sand durch eine Sanduhr. Teil 1 des Zweiteilers behandelt die Grundlagen.
Jim Knopf und die wilde Physik
Authors: Lohse Thomas 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungMichael Endes Geschichte um Jim Knopf hat viele Anknüpfungspunkte an die klassische und moderne Physik. Die Beispiele reichen vom Archimedischen Prinzip, das der schwimmenden Lokomotive Emma Auftrieb gibt, über die Region der schwarzen Felsen als schwarze Strahler bis hin zu den beiden magnetischen Monopolen im Magnetberg. Diese sind ebenso Gegenstand der aktuellen Forschung wie Gravitationslinsen. Letztere stellen eine kosmische Variante der Fata Morgana dar, die Jim Knopf und Lukas in der Wüste am Ende der Welt narrt. Dies ist nur eine kleine Auswahl der physikalisch inspirierten Ideen in Endes Büchern.
Use of N‐methyliminodiacetic acid boronate esters in suzuki‐miyaura cross‐coupling polymerizations of triarylamine and fluorene monomers
Authors: Foster Andrew B. , Bagutski Viktor , Ayuso‐Carrillo Josue I. , Humphries Martin J. , Ingleson Michael J. , Turner Michael L. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTPolytriarylamine copolymers can be prepared by Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions of bis N‐methyliminodiacetic acid (MIDA) boronate ester substituted arylamines with dibromo arenes. The roles of solvent composition, temperature, reaction time, and co‐monomer structure were examined and (co)polymers prepared containing 9, 9‐dioctylfluorene (F8), 4‐sec‐butyl or 4‐octylphenyl diphenyl amine (TFB), and N, N′‐bis(4‐octylphenyl)‐N, N′‐diphenyl phenylenediamine (PTB) units, using a Pd(OAc)2/2‐dicyclohexylphosphino‐2′,6′‐dimethoxybiphenyl (SPhos) catalyst system. The performance of a di‐functionalized MIDA boronate ester monomer was compared with that of an equivalent pinacol boronate ester. Higher molar mass polymers were produced from reactions starting with a difunctionalized pinacol boronate ester monomer than the equivalent difunctionalized MIDA boronate ester monomer in biphase solvent mixtures (toluene/dioxane/water). Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopic analysis revealed that polymeric structures rich in residues associated with the starting MIDA monomer were present, suggesting that homo‐coupling of the boronate ester must be occurring to the detriment of cross‐coupling in the step‐growth polymerization. However, when comparable reactions of the two boronate monomers with a dibromo fluorene monomer were completed in a single phase solvent mixture (dioxane + water), high molar mass polymers with relatively narrow distribution ranges were obtained after only 4 h of reaction. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2798–2806
Does age matter? Comparing post‐treatment psychosocial outcomes in young adult and older adult cancer survivors with their cancer‐free peers
Authors: Lang Michael J. , Giese‐Davis Janine , Patton Scott B. , Campbell David J.T. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveAdolescents and young adult cancer survivors (AYA) are a unique subpopulation with high levels of distress and unmet need. To date, studies have not disentangled distress due to developmental life stage from distress due to cancer survivorship. This population‐based study allowed a direct comparison between AYA cancer survivors, older adult (OA) cancer survivors, and their cancer‐free peers.MethodsWe combined 4 annual cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS, 2007‐2010) to obtain a final sample of 239 316 respondents. We dichotomized the total sample into AYA (15‐39 years, n = 83 770) and OA (40+, n = 155 546). Two standardized questions identified cancer survivors (n = 14 592). The self‐reported outcomes of interest included self‐perceived health and mental health, and health care professional diagnosed mood and anxiety disorders. We used weighted logistic regression models to examine for associations, including an interaction term to assess for effect modification by age.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, cancer survivorship in AYAs was strongly associated with higher prevalence of both mood (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.44‐2.77) and anxiety (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.70‐2.86) disorders as compared to their cancer‐free peers. OA survivors had a weaker association in the same direction (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01‐1.21 and OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02‐1.30, respectively). AYA cancer survivors reported higher levels of poor self‐perceived mental health than their cancer‐free peers (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.03‐2.14), while there was no significant difference from cancer‐free peers for OAs (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.92‐1.15).ConclusionsAYA cancer survivors experience a significantly higher risk of psychosocial distress than both their cancer‐free peers and OA survivors.
Efficacy of mycophenolate on lung disease and autoimmunity in children with immunodeficiency
Authors: Bucciol Giorgia , Petrone Angelamaria , Putti Maria Caterina 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe autoimmune manifestations of primary immunodeficiencies, such as autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), often constitute a great therapeutic challenge and have a significant impact on patients’ morbidity and mortality. The most common autoimmune presentations are autoimmune cytopenias, but organ‐related autoimmunity is also frequently observed. From a pulmonology perspective, granulomatous/lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) is a severe immunological complication which significantly worsens the clinical outcome of these patients and for which there are currently few guidelines or protocols for treatment. We present three cases where the use of Mycophenolate in the context of autoimmune cytopenias proved beneficial also on the lung disease.
Emerging roles of transit‐amplifying cells in tissue regeneration and cancer
Authors: Zhang Bing , Hsu Ya‐Chieh 
Published: July 2017

Most regenerative tissues employ transit‐amplifying cells (TACs) that are positioned in between stem cells and differentiated progeny. In a classical hierarchical model, stem cells undergo limited divisions to produce TACs, which then proliferate rapidly to expand the system and produce diverse differentiated cell types. Although TACs are indispensable for generating tissues, they have been largely viewed as a transit point between stem cells and downstream lineages. Studies in the past few years, however, have revealed some fascinating biology and unanticipated functions of TACs. In the hair follicle, recent findings have placed TACs as key players in tissue regeneration by coordinating tissue production, governing stem cell behaviors, and instructing niche remodeling. In the hematopoietic system, rather than being transient, some TACs may participate in long‐term hematopoiesis under steady state. Here, we compare and summarize recent discoveries about TACs in the hair follicle and the hematopoietic system. We also discuss how TACs of these two tissues contribute to the formation of cancer. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e282. doi: 10.1002/wdev.282This article is categorized under:

Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Stem Cell Differentiation and Reversion
Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Regeneration
Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Stem Cells and Disease
The role of cyclone clustering during the stormy winter of 2013/2014
Authors: Priestley Matthew D. K. , Pinto Joaquim G. , Dacre Helen F. , Shaffrey Len C. 
Published: July 2017

The winter season of 2013/2014 was the stormiest on record for the British Isles. In this article we show that there was an unprecedented amount of cyclone clustering during this season, corresponding to an average of one intense cyclone affecting the country every 2.5 days. An intensely clustered period from 6 to 13 February 2014 that was associated with one specific cyclone family is analysed in detail. This cyclone family is shown to be associated with a strong and straight upper level jet that is flanked by Rossby wave breaking on both its northern and southern sides for the duration of the clustering event. This mechanism is also identified for other periods in this season. The persistence of these conditions resulted in the clustered cyclone activity, and it was accompanied by record‐breaking rainfall, widespread flooding and large socio‐economic losses.
Choosing between Higher and Lower Resolution Microarrays: do Pregnant Women Have Sufficient Knowledge to Make Informed Choices Consistent with their Attitude?
Authors: van der Steen S. L. , Bunnik E. M. , Polak M. G. , Diderich K. E. M. , Verhagen‐Visser J. , Govaerts L. C. P. , Joosten M. , Knapen M. F. C. M. , Go A. T. J. I. , Van Opstal D. , Srebniak M. I. , Galjaard R. J. H. , Tibben A. , Riedijk S. R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDevelopments in prenatal testing allow the detection of more findings. SNP arrays in prenatal diagnosis (PND) can be analyzed at 0.5 Mb resolution detecting more clinically relevant anomalies, or at 5 Mb resolution. We investigated whether women had sufficient knowledge to make informed choices regarding the scope of their prenatal test that were consistent with their attitude. Pregnant women could choose between testing at 5 or at 0.5 Mb array. Consenting women (N = 69) received pre‐test genetic counseling by phone and filled out the Measure of Informed Choice questionnaire designed for this study. Choices based on sufficient knowledge and consistent with attitude were considered informed. Sixty‐two percent of the women made an adequately informed choice, based on sufficient knowledge and attitude‐consistent with their choice of microarray resolution. Women who made an informed choice, opted for 0.5 Mb array resolution more often. There were no differences between women making adequately informed or less informed choices regarding level of experienced anxiety or doubts. Over time on T0 and T1, anxiety and doubts significantly decreased. While previous studies demonstrated that knowledge is an important component in informed decision‐making, this study underlines that a consistent attitude might be equally important for decision‐making. We advocate more focus on attitude‐consistency and deliberation as compared to only a strong focus on knowledge.
Remote mood monitoring for adults with bipolar disorder: An explorative study of compliance and impact on mental health service use and costs
Authors: Simon J. , Budge K. , Price J. , Goodwin G.M. , Geddes J.R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground:Remote monitoring of mood disorders may be an effective and low resource option for patient follow-up, but relevant evidence remains very limited. This study explores real-life compliance and health services impacts of mood monitoring among patients with bipolar disorder in the UK.Methods:Patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder who were registered users of the True Colours monitoring system for at least 12 months at study assessment were included in this retrospective cohort study (n = 79). Compliance was measured as the proportion of valid depression and mania scale messages received in comparison to their expected numbers over the first 12 months of monitoring. Mental health service use data were extracted from case notes, costed using national unit costs, and compared 12 months before (pre-TC period) and 12 months after (TC period) patients’ engagement with monitoring. Associations with relevant patient factors were investigated in a multiple regression model.Results:Average compliance with monitoring was 82%. Significant increases in the annual use and costs of psychiatrist contacts and total mental health services were shown for patients newly referred to the clinic during the pre-TC period but not for long-term patients of the clinic. Psychiatric medication costs increased significantly between the pre-TC and TC periods (£ 235, P = 0.005) unrelated to patients’ referral status.Conclusions:Remote mood monitoring has good compliance among consenting patients with bipolar disorder. We found no associations between observed changes in mental health service costs and the introduction of monitoring except for the increase in psychiatric medication costs.
Revisiting the Early Modern Philosophical Canon—ADDENDUM
Authors: SHAPIRO LISA 
Published: July 2017

In the above mentioned article on page 376, in the third paragraph, after the sentence ‘These prejudices are not simply the inevitable consequence of our imperfect knowledge, but rather are akin to, in contemporary terms, implicit biases.’, the author would like to add the following footnote: Amy Schmitter, in her “Cartesian Prejudice and Critique of Gender in Poulain de la Barre,” presented at the Pacific APA in March 2016, helpfully aligns Poullain's notion of prejudice with implicit bias. The responsibility of all errors and omissions rests with the author.We sincerely regret this omission from the original text and any problems that have resulted for the authors and readers.
NEG Raising and Serbo-Croatian NPIs
Authors: Collins Chris , Postal Paul M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCollins and Postal (2014) postulate that English NPIs represent two distinct structures: a unary NEG structure and a binary NEG structure. Some NPIs, such asanyandeverexpressions, can instantiate either of these two structures in different contexts. Others (such as one use ofjackshit) have only unary NEG structures. The present article seeks to provide cross-linguistic support for this hypothesis by showing that the two series of NPIs in Serbian/Croatian (Progovac 1994) should be analyzed in terms of the two structure types postulated for English NPIs.
Prevalence and Predictors of Postdischarge Antibiotic Use Following Mastectomy
Authors: Olsen Margaret A. , Nickel Katelin B. , Fraser Victoria J. , Wallace Anna E. , Warren David K. 
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVESurvey results suggest that prolonged administration of prophylactic antibiotics is common after mastectomy with reconstruction. We determined utilization, predictors, and outcomes of postdischarge prophylactic antibiotics after mastectomy with or without immediate breast reconstruction.DESIGNRetrospective cohort.PATIENTSCommercially insured women aged 18–64 years coded for mastectomy from January 2004 to December 2011 were included in the study. Women with a preexisting wound complication or septicemia were excluded.METHODSPredictors of prophylactic antibiotics within 5 days after discharge were identified in women with 1 year of prior insurance enrollment; relative risks (RR) were calculated using generalized estimating equations.RESULTSOverall, 12,501 mastectomy procedures were identified; immediate reconstruction was performed in 7,912 of these procedures (63.3%). Postdischarge prophylactic antibiotics were used in 4,439 procedures (56.1%) with immediate reconstruction and 1,053 procedures (22.9%) without immediate reconstruction (P<.001). The antibiotics most commonly prescribed were cephalosporins (75.1%) and fluoroquinolones (11.1%). Independent predictors of postdischarge antibiotics were implant reconstruction (RR, 2.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.23–2.60), autologous reconstruction (RR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.93–2.45), autologous reconstruction plus implant (RR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.92–2.31), hypertension (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.00–1.10), tobacco use (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01–1.14), surgery at an academic hospital (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.07–1.21), and receipt of home health care (RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04–1.18). Postdischarge prophylactic antibiotics were not associated with SSI after mastectomy with or without immediate reconstruction (bothP>.05).CONCLUSIONSProphylactic postdischarge antibiotics are commonly prescribed after mastectomy; immediate reconstruction is the strongest predictor. Stewardship efforts in this population to limit continuation of prophylactic antibiotics after discharge are needed to limit antimicrobial resistance.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:1048–1054
Analysis of recipes of home-prepared diets for dogs and cats published in Portuguese
Authors: Pedrinelli Vivian , Gomes Márcia de O. S. , Carciofi Aulus C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe present study evaluated recipes of home-prepared diets for dogs and cats published in Portuguese. A total of 106 diets were evaluated: eighty for dogs, twenty-four for cats and two intended for both species. A commercial software package was used to analyse the diets, and an ingredient chemical composition database was built based on the Brazilian Tables of Food Composition and United States Department of Agriculture Nutrient Database. The estimated chemical composition of each recipe was compared with the Nutritional Guidelines for Complete and Complementary Pet Food for Cats and Dogs (Fédération Européenne de L'industrie des Aliments Pour Animaux Familiers; FEDIAF, 2014) recommendations for maintenance (as units/MJ). Most recipes (48 %) had no precise determination of ingredients and quantities. All diets had at least one nutrient below the recommendations, and all investigated nutrients were deficient in at least one diet. The most frequent nutrients below recommendation were: Fe (68·3 % of the recipes for dogs; 100 % of the recipes for cats); vitamin E (82·9 % of the dog recipes; 84·6 % of the cat recipes); Zn (75·6 % for dogs; 88·4 % for cats); Ca (73·2 % for dogs; 73 % for cats); Cu (85·4 % for dogs; 69·2 % for cats); choline (85·4 % for dogs; 69·2 % for cats); riboflavin (65·8 % for dogs; 11·5 % for cats); thiamine (39 % for dogs; 80·7 % for cats); and vitamin B12 (61 % for dogs; 34·6 % for cats). These recipes may potentially expose animals to nutritional deficiencies, and it is important to inform the owners of the risks of providing home-prepared diets. Better training of professionals that intend to prescribe home-prepared diets is advisable.
THE USE OF AMMI MODEL FOR INTERPRETING GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN DURUM WHEAT
Authors: MOHAMMADI REZA , ARMION MOHAMMAD , ZADHASAN ESMAEIL , AHMADI MALEK MASOUD , AMRI AHMED 
Published: July 2017

SUMMARYDurum wheat (Triticum durum) is one of the most important cereal crops in the Mediterranean region; however, its cultivation suffers from low yield due to environmental constrains. The main objectives of this study were to (i) assess genotype × environment (GE) interaction for grain yield in rainfed durum wheat and to (ii) analyse the relationships of GE interaction with genotypic/meteorological variables by the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model. Grain yield and some related traits were evaluated in 25 durum wheat genotypes (landrace, breeding line, old and new varieties) in 12 rainfed environments differing in winter air temperature. The AMMI analysis of variance indicated that the environment had highest contribution (84.3% of total variation) to the variation in grain yield. The first interaction principal component axis (IPCA1) explained 77.5% of GE interaction sum of squares (SS), and its effect was 5.5 times greater than the genotype effect, indicating that the IPCA1 contributed remarkably to the total GE interaction. Large GE interaction for grain yield was detected, indicating specific adaptation of genotypes. While the postdictive success method indicated AMMI-4 as the best model, the predictive success one suggested AMMI-1. The AMMI biplot analysis confirmed a rank change interaction among the locations, indicating the presence of strong and unpredictable rank-change location-by-year interactions for locations. In contrast to landraces and old varieties, the breeding lines with high yield performance had high phenotypic plasticity under varying environmental conditions. Results indicated that the GE interaction was associated with the interaction of heading date, plant height, rainfall, air temperature and freezing days.