bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bats and aquatic habitats: a review of habitat use and anthropogenic impacts
Authors: Salvarina Ioanna 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Many bats use aquatic habitats for foraging and for drinking water.
Interactions between aquatic and terrestrial systems are important for understanding food web dynamics and for conserving species and ecosystems. Therefore, in this review, I examined the data available on bats’ use of aquatic habitats.
The objectives of the present review were to evaluate the importance of aquatic resources for bats and to identify the effects that eutrophication, water pollution, and other anthropogenic impacts on water bodies have on bats.
Most studies on bats and aquatic habitats have been conducted in Europe or in North America. They show, directly or indirectly, how bats use aquatic resources.
Acoustic survey is the most common technique employed to assess habitat use by bats, although some researchers have used radio telemetry or other methods.
Myotis daubentonii is the most commonly studied species. Within this topic, research does not tend to be focused more on threatened species.
The effects of water pollution and eutrophication on bats remain unclear: different effects are reported for different species and in different areas.
More studies are needed from Africa, South America, and Asia, regions for which few data are available, as well as from arid regions where fresh water is a limited resource.
Nephrology training in Australia and New Zealand: A survey of outcomes and adequacy
Authors: Beaton Thomas J , Krishnasamy Rathika , Toussaint Nigel D , Phoon Richard K , Gray Nicholas A 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundAdvanced training programmes in nephrology should provide broad exposure to all aspects of nephrology. In Australia and New Zealand (ANZ), the Advanced Training Committee in Nephrology oversees training, and recent increases in trainee numbers have led to concern about dilution of experience.AimTo investigate early career paths of nephrologists in ANZ and determine the adequacy of training by comparing self‐determined competency and skill relevance among recently graduated nephrologists.MethodsIn 2015, the Advanced Training Committee in Nephrology administered an online survey during the annual subscription for members of the Australian and New Zealand Society of Nephrology. Nephrologists who were awarded Fellowship after 2002 were invited to participate.ResultsThe survey was completed by 113 Fellows with 8 respondents excluded (response rate 44.1%). Initial post‐Fellowship work included full‐time public hospital appointments (34.3%) or undertaking full‐time higher research degrees (41.9%). The majority reported securing their desired employment. Respondents indicated adequate training in most clinical skills; however, responses of ‘well trained’ in home haemodialysis (41.8%), conservative care (42.9%), automated peritoneal dialysis (38.8%), and assessment of kidney transplant recipients (48%) and living kidney donors (34.7%) were less adequate. Although considered highly relevant to current practice, responses of ‘well trained’ were low for management and research skills, including complaint management (16.3%), private practice management (2%), health system knowledge (14.3%) and regulations (6.1%), ethics approval (23.5%), research funding (11.2%) and quality assurance (26.5%).ConclusionNephrology training in ANZ generally meets clinical needs and most secure their desired employment. Training in management and research are areas for improvement.
Emerging treatments in neurogastroenterology: Acotiamade, a novel treatment option for functional dyspepsia
Authors: Matsushita M. , Masaoka T. , Suzuki H. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundAcotiamide hydrochloride (Z‐338) is a new therapeutic agent for functional dyspepsia (FD). In 2013, the use of acotiamide was approved by the Japanese health insurance system.PurposeThe aim of this review is to summarize the present staus of basic and clinical approach to acotiamide for the treatment of functional dyspepsia. The agent inhibits acetylcholinesterase in vitro and enhances muscle motility ex vivo. In phase‐II studies, 100 mg three times daily (t.i.d.) was determined to be the optimal dose for the treatment of FD. In phase‐III studies, overall treatment efficacy (OTE) was significantly better in the acotiamide group (52.2%) than in the placebo group (34.8%). However, the mechanism of its efficacy needs to be further elucidated. Acotiamide effectively improved FD symptoms, particularly postprandial distress syndrome symptoms, without causing major adverse effects.
Polyomaviruses BK, JC, KI, WU, MC, and TS in children with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Rahiala Jaana , Koskenvuo Minna , Sadeghi Mohammadreza , Waris Matti , Vuorinen Tytti , Lappalainen Maija , Saarinen‐Pihkala Ulla , Allander Tobias , Söderlund‐Venermo Maria , Hedman Klaus , Ruuskanen Olli , Vettenranta Kim 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTimely and reliable detection of viruses is of key importance in early diagnosis of infection(s) following allogeneic HSCT. Among the immunocompetent, infections with BKPyV and JCPyV are mostly subclinical, while post‐HSCT, the former may cause HC and the latter PML. The epidemiology and clinical impact of the newly identified KIPyV, WUPyV, MCPyV, and TSPyV in this context remain to be defined. To assess the incidence and clinical impact of BKPyV, JCPyV, KIPyV, WUPyV, MCPyV, and TSPyV infections, we performed longitudinal molecular surveillance for DNAemias of these HPyVs among 53 pediatric HSCT recipients. Surveillance pre‐HSCT and for three months post‐HSCT revealed BKPyV DNAemia in 20 (38%) patients. Our data demonstrate frequent BKPyV DNAemia among pediatric patients with HSCT and the confinement of clinical symptoms to high copy numbers alone. MCPyV and JCPyV viremias occurred at low and TSPyV viremia at very low prevalences. KIPyV or WUPyV viremias were not demonstrable in this group of immunocompromised patients.
Predicting football injuries using size and ratio of the multifidus and quadratus lumborum muscles
Authors: Hides J. A. , Stanton W. R. 
Published: January 2016

Deficits in muscles of the lumbo‐pelvic region, such as a relatively small multifidus muscle, have been used to predict lower limb injuries in professional football players. Results have been less consistent for the size of the quadratus lumborum (QL) muscle. Changes in size of the multifidus and QL muscles could be functionally related to each other, and modeling this relationship could improve prediction of lower limb injuries. Ultrasound imaging examinations were performed on male elite football players at the start of the Australian Football League (AFL) pre‐season and playing season. Injury data were obtained from records collected by each club. Results indicated that the cross‐sectional area of the multifidus muscle was related to the occurrence of an injury in the pre‐season (odds ratio [OR] = 2.08/cm2 decrease below the mean; OR for dichotomized measure = 12.2) and in the season (OR = 2.43/cm2). The size of the QL muscle was significantly related to an injury in the pre‐season (OR = 2.12/cm2 increase above the mean; OR for dichotomized measure = 7.26) but not in the season. A significant link was found between the ratio of the multifidus and QL muscles, and the incidence of pre‐season (OR = 14.71) and season injuries (OR = 5.29). The sensitivity and specificity of the model in the pre‐season were 75% and 85.7%, respectively; values for the playing season were 88.4% and 62.5%. A model was developed for prediction of lower limb injuries in football players. Combining size measurements of the multifidus and QL muscles improved predictive power. This information may have clinical implications for injury screening and prevention.
Advancing Science with VGI: Reproducibility and Replicability of Recent Studies using VGI
Authors: Ostermann Frank O. , Granell Carlos 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn scientific research, reproducibility and replicability are requirements to ensure the advancement of our body of knowledge. This holds true also for VGI‐related research and studies. However, the characteristics of VGI suggest particular difficulties in ensuring reproducibility and replicability. In this article, we aim to examine the current situation in VGI‐related research, and identify strategies to ensure realization of its full potential. To do so, we first investigate the different aspects of reproducibility and replicability and their impact on VGI‐related research. These impacts are different depending on the objectives of the study. Therefore, we examine the study focus of VGI‐related research to assess the current body of research and structure our assessment. This work is based on a rigorous review of the elements of reproducibility and a systematic mapping and analysis of 58 papers on the use of VGI in the crisis management field. Results of our investigation show that reproducibility issues related to data are a serious concern, while reproducibility issues related to analysis methods and processes face fewer challenges. However, since most studies still focus on analyzing the source data, reproducibility and replicability are still an unsolved problem in VGI‐related research. Therefore, we show initiatives tackling the problem, and finally formulate strategies to improve the situation.
Alleviation of Epiphora by Canaliculosinostomy into the Caudal Maxillary Sinus in the Horse
Authors: Robinson Claire S. , Wylie Claire E. , Compston Polly C. , Payne Richard J. 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveTo describe a technique of canaliculosinostomy into the caudal maxillary sinus to alleviate epiphora secondary to nasolacrimal duct obstruction and to report the long‐term outcome in 5 horses.Study DesignCase series.AnimalsFive client‐owned horses.MethodsCase records of all horses presented for chronic epiphora to a single equine hospital that underwent surgical treatment were reviewed. All included horses had a Jones test or dacryocystography to confirm nasolacrimal duct obstruction. All horses were anesthetized and canaliculosinostomy was created from the medial canthus of the eye into the caudal maxillary sinus using a Steinmann pin and Jacob's chuck. A Foley catheter was placed normograde through the stoma. The inflated bulb held the Foley in place in the sinus, while the proximal end was pulled through the upper eyelid and sutured to the skin on the head. The Foley catheter was maintained in place for 3 weeks and then removed under sedation.ResultsFive horses were included. There were no intraoperative difficulties or complications. One horse dislodged the Foley catheter 3 days postoperatively. No other postoperative complications occurred. Followup was available for all horses. One horse was euthanatized for unrelated reasons 10 weeks postoperative at which time epiphora was resolved. The remaining 4 horses had resolution of epiphora at followup (24–46 months postoperative).ConclusionThis report describes a simple technique for canaliculosinostomy into the caudal maxillary sinus and long‐term outcome in 4 of 5 horses, all of which had resolution of epiphora. This technique can be used to resolve epiphora of various etiologies.
PREDICTION OF PM10 EXTREME CONCENTRATIONS IN URBAN MONITORING STATIONS IN SELANGOR, MALAYSIA USING THREE PARAMETERS EXTREME VALUE DISTRIBUTIONS (EVD)
Authors: Ahmat Hasfazilah , Yahaya Ahmad Shukri , Ramli Nor Azam 
Published: January 2016

Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the best distribution to predict the extreme concentrations of PM10 using the three parameters Weibull, Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) and Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD). Methodology: The study used maximum concentration of daily PM10 data recorded in the period of 2000-2012 in Klang and Shah Alam, Selangor. The parameters of all distributions were estimated using the method of Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE). The goodness of fit of the distribution was determined using performance indicators namely; the accuracy measures and error measures. The best distribution was selected based on the highest accuracy measures and the smallest error measures. Results: The findings showed that the three parameters GEV was the best fit for daily maximum concentration for PM10 in these two stations. The result also demonstrated that the predicted number of days in which the concentration of PM10 exceeded the Malaysia Ambient Air Quality Guideline (MAAQG) for daily concentrations of 150µg/m3 were more than 85% in compliance of the actual number of days. Hence, the GEV can be used for the prediction of the PM10 extreme concentrations.
THE EFFECT OF INCORPORATING RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF HOT MIX ASPHALT MIXTURES
Authors: Idham Mohd Khairul , Hainin Mohd Rosli 
Published: January 2016

In pavement industries, incorporating appropriate amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in the fresh mixtures is one of the approaches to attain sustainable principle in construction. Usage RAP materials have been practiced since 1970s, however, pavements made with RAP will reach the end of service life and need to be recycled again. Only a few studies done on the second recycle of RAP (R2AP). Therefore, this paper aimed to investigate the effect of incorporating RAP and R2AP in the asphalt mixture. RAP was collected from in-service road which was exposed to the environment and traffic for seven years. While, the second cycle of RAP (R2AP) was obtained through the laboratory aging process. 20, 40, and 60 % of RAP and R2AP were mixed with fresh dense graded aggregates to form Asphaltic Concrete with 14 mm nominal maximum aggregate size (AC 14). Resilient modulus test was performed to evaluate the performance on rutting resistance. Tensile strength was also evaluated at 25 °C as an indicator for fatigue resistance. 60 % of RAP and 40 % of R2AP are observed to the best optimum amount to be added in the fresh mixture in order to improve both fatigue and rutting resistance.
EFFECT OF CRUMB RUBBER ON CONCRETE STRENGTH AND CHLORIDE ION PENETRATION RESISTANCE
Authors: Md Noor Nurazuwa , Hamada H. , Sagawa Y. , Yamamoto D. 
Published: January 2016

This paper present the effect of crumb rubber on its ability to produce concrete with structural strength when it was used directly from the plant without any treatment process. Crumb rubber was added as fine aggregates at 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% of sand volume meanwhile silica fume was added at 10% by cement weight. Three main series of concrete namely rubberized concrete with water-to-cement ratio of 50% and 35% was design and development of compressive strength was observed from day 7 until 91 days. Also, effectiveness of crumb rubber under flexural strength and splitting tensile strength was studied at 28 days curing age. Effect of crumb rubber on durability performance was done on chloride ion penetration resistance performance by migration test and by immersion in salt water. Chloride ion diffusion in rubberized concrete by migration test was carried out under steady state condition using effective diffusion coefficient, De meanwhile, immersion test in salt water was conducted under non-steady state condition using apparent diffusion coefficient, Da. Results showed that compressive strength was decrease with the increasing of crumb rubber in the mixture. Even though the strength were reducing with the inclusion of crumb rubber, the reduction were less than 50% and it achieved acceptable structural strength. Chloride transport characteristics were improved by increasing amount of CR and rubberized concrete with w/c = 0.35 gave better resistance against chloride ion compared to w/c = 0.50 with more than 50% difference. Silica fume provide slightly strength increment compared to normal rubberized concrete and the same behavior was observed during chloride ion diffusion test.
SECURITY REQUIREMENTS VALIDATION FOR MOBILE APPS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Yusop Noorrezam , Kamalrudin Massila , Sidek Safiah 
Published: January 2016

Security requirements are important to increase the confidence of mobile users to perform many online transactions, such as banking, booking and payment via mobile devices. Objective: This study aims to identify the attributes of security requirements for mobile applications (mobile apps) and the existing tools, techniques and approaches used in security requirements. The gaps and limitations for each approach are also discussed. Method: We conducted a systematic literature review to identify and analyse related literatures on validation of security requirements for mobile apps. We identified 68 studies that provide relevant information on security requirements for mobile apps. Result: There were two main findings: (1) the attributes of security requirements that are relevant for mobile apps are authentication, confidentiality, authorization, access control and integrity; (2) Mobile security testing methods for validating security requirements of mobile apps were also identified. Finally, the gaps and limitation of each approach requirements in relation to mobile apps were also discussed. Conclusions: The main challenge of security requirements is to identify the most appropriate security attributes and security testing technique to validate security requirements for mobile apps. As such, requirements engineers should consider the challenges posed by security requirements such as testing when validating and developing security requirements for mobile apps testing technique. Further, correct security requirements for security attributes of security requirements need to be considered at the early stage of development of the mobile apps development.
INTEGRATION OF VALUE ENGINEERING AND TRIZ-THEORY OF INVENTIVE PROBLEM SOLVING: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN MALAYSIAN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Authors: Zamrah Zarak Shaifuddin , Sharif Safian 
Published: January 2016

The paper aims to suggest a theoretical framework that demonstrates the integration of Value Engineering (VE) procedure with Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) tools, systematically tailored for Malaysian automotive environment. Previous works on VE-TRIZ integration are base on the SAVE® guidelines named Value Standard flow that suggested various TRIZ integration or entry points throughout this flow. However, in this work, the integration will take effect into the Creative Phase of the Value Standard flow. TRIZ is still new in Malaysian industrial perspective while as VE has become an accepted procedure in cost reduction activity in various industries especially in construction sectors. Referring to automotive industry, VE implementation is seen ineffective since the overall and complete VE concepts and procedures are not thoroughly well-understood and applied. To balance the above-mentioned issues and to catalyst the effectiveness and successful of VE-TRIZ implementation specifically in the context of automotive industry, the proposed theoretical framework is seen inevitably beneficial.
EXPLORING THE ANTECEDENTS OF SOCIAL NETWORK USAGE ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE–A COMBINED GP-TOPSIS APPROACH
Authors: Sangaiah Arun Kumar , Gao Xiao Zhi , Abraham Ajith 
Published: January 2016

The present study is focused with two objectives: (1) to explore the influence of big-five personality factors (extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, openness to experience, and conscientiousness) towards social network site (SNS) usage among Asian university students, and (2) to analyze the mediating roles of personality, cultural and technology factors, in the relationship between SNS usage on academic performance. Moreover, assessment framework for the integration of personality, cultural and technology factors for the effectiveness of SNS usage on academic performance has not been adequately presented in the available literature. For measuring the effects of SNS usage on academic performance, we have integrated Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making (FMCDM) Approaches: (a) Fuzzy Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and (b) Goal Programming (GP) approach. Further, the hybridization of fuzzy TOPSIS and GP has addressed only in very few studies. Based on this context we have integrated fuzzy TOPSIS and GP approach for evaluating SNS usage on academic performance from the perspective of university students in India. The hybrid GP-TOPSIS methodology has been employed in a real case study among VIT university students in India. A numerical illustration for SNS usage on academic performance is also given to demonstrate the application of hybrid MCDM approach.
Hypoxia attenuates cardiopulmonary reflex control of sympathetic nerve activity during mild dynamic leg exercise
Authors: Katayama Keisho , Ishida Koji , Saito Mitsuru , Koike Teruhiko , Ogoh Shigehiko 
Published: January 2016

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?
The cardiopulmonary baroreflex inhibits adjustment of sympathetic vasomotor outflow during mild‐intensity dynamic exercise. However, it is unclear how suppression of sympathetic vasomotor outflow by the cardiopulmonary baroreflex is modulated by a powerful sympatho‐excitatory drive from the exercise pressor reflex, central command and/or the arterial chemoreflex.

What is the main finding and its importance?
Hypoxia‐induced heightened sympathetic nerve activity during dynamic exercise attenuated cardiopulmonary baroreflex control of sympathetic vasomotor outflow. This could facilitate the redistribution of blood flow to the active muscles by sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction of inactive muscles.

Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) does not increase during mild‐intensity dynamic leg exercise in normoxic conditions, despite activation of central command and the exercise pressor reflex. Suppression of MSNA could be caused by muscle pump‐induced loading of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors. In contrast, MSNA increases during mild dynamic leg exercise in hypoxic conditions. We hypothesized that hypoxic exercise, which induces a powerful sympatho‐excitatory drive from the exercise pressor reflex, central command and/or arterial chemoreflex, attenuates cardiopulmonary reflex control of sympathetic vasomotor outflow. To test this hypothesis, MSNA was recorded during leg cycling in hypoxic conditions and with increased central blood volume by increasing the pedalling frequency to change the cardiopulmonary baroreflex. Subjects performed two leg cycle exercises at different pedal cadences of 60 and 80 r.p.m. (60EX and 80EX trials, respectively) in two (haemodynamic and MSNA) measurement conditions while breathing a hypoxic gas mixture (inspired oxygen fraction = 0.12). Thoracic impedance, stroke volume and cardiac output were measured non‐invasively using impedance cardiography. During the MSNA test, MSNA was recorded via microneurography at the right median nerve at the elbow. Changes in thoracic impedance, stroke volume and cardiac output during the 80EX trial were greater than those during the 60EX trial. The MSNA burst frequency during hypoxic exercise in the 80EX trial (39 ± 4 bursts min−1) did not differ from that during the 60EX trial (39 ± 3 bursts min−1). These results suggest that the cardiopulmonary baroreflex of sympathetic vasomotor outflow during dynamic exercise is modulated by heightened hypoxia‐induced sympathetic nerve activity.