bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between personal income and smoking among adolescents: a study in six European cities
Authors: Perelman Julian , Alves Joana , Pfoertner Timo‐Kolja , Moor Irene , Federico Bruno , Kuipers Mirte A. G. , Richter Matthias , Rimpela Arja , Kunst Anton E. , Lorant Vincent 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimsThis study investigates the link between personal income and smoking among adolescents, and aims to answer the following questions: (i) to what extent is personal income related to smoking, independent of family socio‐economic status (SES) and (ii) does the association between personal income and smoking apply to different subpopulations?DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingSix cities from European countries (Amersfoort, the Netherlands; Coimbra, Portugal; Hannover, Germany; Latina, Italy; Namur, Belgium; Tampere, Finland) in 2013.ParticipantsA school‐based sample of 10 794 adolescents aged 14–17 years.MeasurementsWe modelled smoking experimentation, weekly smoking, daily smoking and (among daily smokers) smoking intensity as function of personal income, adjusting for age, sex, family SES, parental smoking and country. We tested interactions between personal income and covariates. Stratification analyses were performed for the variables for which interactions were significant.FindingsAdolescents in the highest income quintile were more likely to be smoking experimenters [odds ratio (OR) = 1.87; P < 0.01], weekly smokers (OR = 3.51; P < 0.01) and daily smokers (OR = 4.55; P < 0.01) than those in the lowest quintile. They also consumed more cigarettes per month (β = 0.79; P < 0.01). Adjusting for family SES did not modify the significance of relationships, and increased the magnitude of the association for daily smoking. None of the interactions between covariates and personal income was significant for smoking measures. For the intensity of smoking, the interaction was significant for SES. The stratified analysis showed a non‐significant association between smoking intensity and personal income among the oldest adolescents and those with the lowest SES background, while significant among younger and higher SES backgrounds.ConclusionIn the Netherlands, Portugal, Germany, Italy, Belgium and Finland, adolescents' personal income is related positively to smoking behaviours independent of family socio‐economic status (SES). However, among low socio‐economic status adolescent daily smokers, the association between the intensity of smoking and personal income is weaker.
Measuring the effects of reduced snow cover on Australia's alpine arthropods
Authors: Slatyer Rachel A. , Nash Michael A. , Hoffmann Ary A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSnow is one of the most important factors in the ecology of alpine ecosystems. In Australia, both the depth and duration of snow cover have declined significantly in recent decades and this trend is projected to continue with global warming. Many small arthropods remain active throughout the winter, within a space beneath the snowpack (subnivean) where the snow's insulation creates a thermally stable environment. Using field surveys and experimental manipulation of snow depth at two locations in the Australian alpine region, we explored the diversity of winter‐active arthropods and their response to reduced snow. Individuals from 18 arthropod Orders were detected beneath the snow during winter, with Collembola, Araneae, Acari and Coleoptera accounting for 95–98% of the individuals collected. The subnivean taxa represented a distinct subset of those active outside the winter months. Removal of the snow layer increased daily temperature fluctuations, increased the number of days below freezing and raised the mean surface temperatures. Community composition was altered by snow removal, driven by changes in the numbers of two abundant springtail taxa at each location. We found a strong reduction in the abundances of both taxa at one study site, and contrasting responses (one strong positive and one strong negative) to snow removal at the second study site. Subnivean arthropod communities in Australia thus appear sensitive to snow conditions at small spatial scales.
Short stature homeobox‐containing gene duplications in 3.7% of girls with tall stature and normal karyotypes
Authors: Upners Emmie N. , Jensen Rikke B. , Rajpert‐De Meyts Ewa , Dunø Morten , Aksglaede Lise , Juul Anders 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimThe short stature homeobox‐containing gene (SHOX) plays an important role in short stature, but has not been explored in detail in a tall stature population before. This study explored the prevalence of SHOX aberrations in girls diagnosed with idiopathic tall stature with a normal karyotype.MethodsWe studied SHOX aberrations in 81 girls with a median age of 10.43 (7.17–12.73) years diagnosed with tall stature who were referred to our clinic at Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark, between 2003 and 2013. SHOX copy variations were analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and aberrations were confirmed by multiplex ligation probe‐dependent amplification.ResultsOne extra SHOX copy was found in three (3.7%) of the 81 girls with tall stature, and their heights were 2.87, 3.71 and 3.98 standard deviation scores (SDS) and above the median height SDS of the girls with two SHOX copies. Their sitting height/height ratios (−3.08, −2.00 and −2.18 SDS) were all lower than the population mean. Despite these SHOX duplications, the three girls were clinically and biochemically comparable to the 78 girls with two SHOX copies.ConclusionThis study was the first to demonstrate SHOX duplications in three girls with tall stature and normal karyotypes.
Professionals’ positive perceptions of fathers are associated with more favourable attitudes towards including them in family interventions
Authors: de Montigny Francine , Gervais Christine , Meunier Sophie , Dubeau Diane 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimThis Université du Québec en Outaouais study examined professionals’ attitudes towards fathers, their perceived self‐efficacy when working with them and their perceptions of the importance of including fathers in family interventions.MethodsProfessionals in Québec, Canada, working in childcare fields such as education, social services, health, community services and management answered a self‐report questionnaire between 2013 and 2015. The 296 respondents (90% females) had a mean age of 39 (20–65), were from urban, semi‐urban and rural settings and provided services to families with children up to five years of age.ResultsSocial service professionals perceived fathers more negatively than did other professionals. Even though male professionals perceived fathers more negatively, they felt more confident working with them than did their female counterparts. Positive perceptions of fathers were associated with more favourable attitudes towards including them in family interventions, and this association was mediated by the professionals’ perceptions of their own self‐efficacy.ConclusionThe most negative attitudes were reported by social service professionals. Male professionals viewed fathers more negatively but were more confident working with them than were female colleagues. Improving professionals’ perceptions of fathers could help to promote their inclusion in family interventions.
Global Trends in Aspirin Resistance‐Related Research from 1990 to 2015: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Al‐Jabi Samah W. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAspirin resistance can be defined as the inability of the usual dose of aspirin medication to produce its antithrombotic effect. Patients with diabetes or cardiovascular disease are at higher risk of stroke, myocardial infarction or cardiovascular death due to aspirin resistance. The aim of this bibliometric study was to identify and analyse the status and trends of aspirin resistance research production at global level through publications indexed in the Scopus database; this will shed new light on future research trends and help researchers predict dynamic direction of research. Literature search using the Scopus database was conducted to assess publications related to aspirin resistance. The selected publications included the terms related to aspirin resistance in the title, abstract or keywords. The searching was accomplished on 20 March 2016 and can be considered to include all publications up to 31 December 2015. Global cumulative publication output on aspirin resistance consists of 986 papers during 1990–2015. Among the 986 documents, 19 (1.9%) were published before 2000, 567 (57.5%) were published from 2000 to 2009 and 400 (40.6%) were published from 2010 to 2015, with peak of publications on this topic in 2008. The leading country in the field of aspirin resistance was the United States, which had the greatest counts of independent articles (165) and international collaboration articles (44). Turkey was in the second rank with 78 articles, followed by Italy (68), the UK (62) and Poland (60). The total number of citations for all documents was 26,342, and the average citations per document were 26.7. The h‐index for all aspirin resistance publications was 82. This study presents the results of the first bibliometric study (including quantitative and qualitative analysis) of scientific publications in the field of aspirin renitence at global level. Aspirin resistance‐related researches have notably increased in the last years, especially from 2000 to 2015. The United States is the most prolific country, not only in research quantity but also in quality. Furthermore, Turkey and European countries provided more research related to aspirin resistance than other regions such as the developing countries.
Oral Administration of Polaprezinc Attenuates Fluorouracil‐induced Intestinal Mucositis in a Mouse Model
Authors: Liu Zhaoyang , Xie Wenbo , Li Mingru , Teng Nan , Liang Xiao , Zhang Ziqiang , Yang Zhaogang , Wang Xiaobing 
Published: July 2017

Abstract5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) has broadly been applied to treat colorectal cancer as one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents. However, it frequently causes intestinal mucosal injury and related side effects, such as abdominal pain and diarrhoea, which limit the use of 5‐FU in a clinic setting. Polaprezinc has gradually become known as a mucosal protective agent for the management of gastric ulcer. This study aimed to investigate the prophylactic efficacy of Polaprezinc administered orally against intestinal mucositis induced by 5‐FU in mice on the condition that the antitumour effect could not be compromised. We induced intestinal mucositis in SPF‐grade ICR mice with 5‐FU, and evaluated intestinal damage in the absence or presence of Polaprezinc. We examined the score of diarrhoea and the loss of weight after the 5‐FU treatment and assessed the integrity of villus and the proliferation of small intestine crypt cells by haematoxylin and eosin staining and PCNA immunohistochemical detection. The antitumour effect of 5‐FU on colorectal cancer was assessed with or without Polaprezinc in a xenograft model. The result showed that Polaprezinc significantly reduced the elevated diarrhoea score and the body‐weight loss caused by 5‐FU abolished histological abnormality and crypt cell hypoproliferation in a dose‐dependent manner, without affecting 5‐FU efficacy on colon xenograft tumour in mice. We conclude that Polaprezinc could inhibit 5‐FU‐induced diarrhoea and alleviate the weight loss during 5‐FU chemotherapy, as a possible candidate for treatment and prevention of intestinal mucositis, through protecting intestinal mucosa and improving the quality of life after chemotherapy.
Elevated HbA1c in donor organs from patients without a diagnosis of diabetes portends worse liver allograft survival
Authors: Ezekian Brian , Mulvihill Michael S. , Freischlag Kyle , Yerokun Babatunde A. , Davis Robert P. , Hartwig Matthew G. , Knechtle Stuart J. , Barbas Andrew S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRecipients of liver allografts from diabetic donors have decreased graft survival. However, limited data exist on the effects of donor HbA1c. We hypothesized that allografts from nondiabetic donors with elevated HbA1c would be associated with decreased survival. Liver transplant recipients from the UNOS database from nondiabetic donors were stratified into two groups: euglycemic (HbA1c<6.5) and hyperglycemic (HbA1c≥6.5). Propensity score matching (10:1) was used to adjust for donor and recipient characteristics. Kaplan‐Meier analysis was used to assess survival. Donors of hyperglycemic allografts were older (49 vs 36, P<.001), were more likely to be non‐white, had a higher BMI (29.8 vs 26.2, P<.001), were more likely to engage in heavy cigarette use (1.5% vs 1.3%, P=.004), had higher serum creatinine levels (1.3 vs 1.0, P=.002), and were more likely to be an expanded‐criteria donor (35.8% vs 14.4%, P<.001). After propensity matching to account for these differences, allograft survival was significantly decreased in the recipients of hyperglycemic allografts (P=.049), and patient survival showed a trend toward reduction (P=.082). These findings suggest that HbA1c may be a simple and inexpensive test with potential utility for better organ risk stratification.
Relationship between portopulmonary hypertension and splenectomy: Mayo Clinic experience and review of published works
Authors: Segraves Justin M. , Cartin‐Ceba Rodrigo , Leise Michael D. , Krowka Michael J. 
Published: July 2017

AimPortopulmonary hypertension is a serious complication of portal hypertension that can lead to right heart failure and death. To our knowledge, an association between portopulmonary hypertension and prior splenectomy has not been described previously. The goals of this study were to describe the frequency of splenectomy in portopulmonary hypertension and compare selected parameters between portopulmonary hypertension subgroups.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with portopulmonary hypertension between 1 January 1988 and 30 June 2015 at Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN, USA). We compared age, sex, right ventricle systolic pressure by echocardiography, and right heart catheterization measurements/calculations among subgroups of portopulmonary hypertension patients with splenectomy and/or autoimmune liver disease (autoimmune hepatitis/primary biliary cirrhosis/primary sclerosing cholangitis).ResultsThe cohort consisted of 141 patients, of whom 8 (6%) had a history of splenectomy prior to the development of portopulmonary hypertension. Twenty‐seven (19%) portopulmonary hypertension patients had autoimmune liver disease, and 5 of 8 (62.5%) splenectomized portopulmonary hypertension patients had autoimmune liver disease. No significant difference was noted in right heart catheterization measurements/calculations between splenectomized and non‐splenectomized portopulmonary hypertension patients. Right ventricle systolic pressure by echocardiography was significantly higher in those splenectomized.ConclusionsPrior history of splenectomy in portopulmonary hypertension was 6% in this cohort. The combination of autoimmune liver disease and splenectomy in portopulmonary hypertension was not uncommon. History of splenectomy in patients with portal hypertension and/or autoimmune liver disease may have clinical implications.
MTA‐induced Notch activation enhances the proliferation of human dental pulp cells by inhibiting autophagic flux
Authors: Qiu W. , Sun B. , He F. , Zhang Y. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimTo determine the roles of autophagy and Notch signalling in mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)‐mediated proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs).MethodologyhDPCs were separated from human healthy molar teeth using collagenase I/dispase II digestion and then cultured in α‐MEM medium with 15% foetal bovine serum. hDPCs were seeded in 96‐well plates, and cell counting kit assays were carried out to test their viability. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to evaluate ALP, Runx2, Notch1, Hes1 and Hey1 mRNA levels. Notch1, hes1, LC3 and p62 protein levels were quantified by Western blotting. Colocalization of LC3 and Notch1 was measured by immunofluorescence. Two‐tailed Student's t‐tests were used for statistical analysis.ResultsAutophagic flux was significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited by MTA extracts, causing Notch degradation arrest. This resulted in the promotion of cell proliferation and inhibition of differentiation during the logarithmic phase of cell growth.ConclusionMTA extract promoted the proliferation of hDPCs in part by activating Notch signalling through inhibition of autophagic flux during the early stage and, thus, might potentially induce rapid restoration of injured pulps.
Evidenced‐based clinical practice guideline for prostate cancer (summary: Japanese Urological Association, 2016 edition)
Authors: Kakehi Yoshiyuki , Sugimoto Mikio , Taoka Rikiya ,   the committee for establishment of the evidenced‐based clinical practice guideline for prostate cancer of the Japanese Urological Association
Published: July 2017

AbstractThese guidelines cover a wide range of topics from prostate cancer epidemiology to palliative care. Questions arising in daily clinical practice have been extracted and formulated as clinical questions. In the 4 years since the previous edition, there have been major changes – for example, robot‐assisted prostatectomy has rapidly come into widespread use, and new hormones and anticancer drugs have been developed for castration‐resistant prostate cancer. In response to these developments, the number of fields included in this guideline was increased from 11 in the 2012 edition to 16, and the number of clinical questions was increased from 63 to 70. The number of papers identified in searches of the existing literature increased from 4662 in the first edition, published in 2006, to 10 490 in the 2012 edition. The number of references has reached 29 448 just during this review period, indicating the exponential increase in research on the topic of prostate cancer. Clinical answers have been prepared based on the latest evidence. Recommendation grades for the clinical answers were determined by radiologists, pathologists, and other specialists in addition to urologists in order to reflect the recent advances and diversity of prostate cancer treatment. Here, we present a short English version of the original guideline, and overview its key clinical issues.
Mechanically inspired laser scribing of thin brittle materials
Authors: Collins Adam R. , Fitzpatrick Maureen A. , Trollat Jean‐Loup , Olenick Kathy , Olenick John , O'Connor Gerard M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLaser processing of thin flexible ceramics and glasses is challenging due to the incurred brittleness and unfavorable thermal and optical properties of such materials. We describe an alternative laser cutting method which utilizes surface stress raisers to cleave brittle substrates along a defined path. An ultrashort laser source is used to precisely pattern a plurality of aligned elliptical recesses on the material surface. The apex of an ellipse concentrates applied tensile stresses. Depending on the elliptical dimensions, the achievable stress concentration factor can be up to 50. The orientation of the ellipses defines a preferred scribing path. The technique was successfully applied to thin flexible yttria stabilized zirconia ceramic and borosilicate glass substrates. The form and properties of the material play an important role during the fracture process. Polycrystalline ceramics were found to accurately auto cleave along the path due to stresses produced during the laser ablation. The resulting fractured surface is of higher quality and strength than surfaces cut using full body laser cutting techniques, while the crystalline phase is preserved. The optical setup is simple, low cost, and compatible with roll‐to‐roll manufacturing.
Effects of photodynamic therapy in periodontal treatment: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Segarra‐Vidal Marta , Guerra‐Ojeda Sol , Vallés Lilian Soraya , López‐Roldán Andrés , Mauricio María Dolores , Aldasoro Martín , Alpiste‐Illueca Francisco , Vila Jose María 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis.Materials and methodsA randomized, single‐blind, controlled, parallel‐group clinical trial was performed. Sixty patients were enrolled: 20 healthy controls and 40 patients with periodontitis. The 40 patients were randomized for scaling and root planing (SRP) or SRP + PDT. Periodontal (plaque index, probing depth, clinical recession, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing and gingival crevicular fluid volume, corresponding to 381 versus 428 critical sites), microbiological (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia and Campylobacter rectus presence, 18 versus 19 samples) and biochemical (interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappaB ligand (RANK‐L) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels, 18 versus 19 samples) parameters were recorded.ResultsWithin each group, significant improvements were found for clinical parameters, though without significant differences between groups. RANK‐L was significantly decreased at week 13 in the SRP + PDT group compared with the SRP group. SRP + PDT, but not SRP alone, significantly reduced the abundance of A. actinomycetemcomitans.ConclusionsExcept for a significant decrease in the pathogenic burden of A. actinomycetemcomitans, coadjuvant PDT resulted in no additional improvement compared with SRP alone in patients diagnosed with moderate‐to‐advanced chronic periodontitis.
Dietary intake habits and the prevalence of nocturia in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Furukawa Shinya , Sakai Takenori , Niiya Tetsuji , Miyaoka Hiroaki , Miyake Teruki , Yamamoto Shin , Maruyama Koutatsu , Tanaka Keiko , Ueda Teruhisa , Senba Hidenori , Torisu Masamoto , Minami Hisaka , Tanigawa Takeshi , Matsuura Bunzo , Hiasa Yoichi , Miyake Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionNo reports have been published on the association between dietary intake habits and nocturia in the diabetes population. We therefore evaluated this issue among Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsStudy participants in the present study were 785 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Self‐administered questionnaires were used to assess each type of dietary intake habit. Vegetable intake habit was assessed by the following question: “Do you have vegetables or seaweed every day?” We used the following two outcomes: (i) nocturia: ≥2 voids per night; and (ii) severe nocturia: ≥3 voids per night. Adjustment was made for age, sex, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, drinking, exercise habit, stroke, ischemic artery disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy.ResultsThe prevalence of nocturia, severe nocturia, and vegetable intake habit was 39.9%, 14.4% and 67.3%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, vegetable intake habit was independently inversely associated with nocturia and severe nocturia: the adjusted odds ratios were 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48–0.94) and 0.46 (95% CI 0.30–0.71), respectively. Among male patients, vegetable intake habit was independently inversely associated with severe nocturia, but not nocturia: the adjusted OR was 0.51 (95% CI 0.29–0.88). Among female patients, vegetable intake habit was independently inversely associated with nocturia and severe nocturia: the adjusted ORs were 0.44 (95% CI 0.24–0.79) and 0.34 (95% CI 0.15–0.78), respectively.ConclusionsWe found an inverse association between vegetable intake habit and nocturia in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.