bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimizing exposure to radiation in invasive cardiology using modern dose‐reduction technology: Evaluation of the real‐life effects
Authors: Faroux Laurent , Blanpain Thierry , Nazeyrollas Pierre , Tassan‐Mangina Sophie , Herce Benoît , Tourneux Christophe , Metz Damien 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to measure the reduction in the estimated dose of radiation received by patients that can be achieved using dose‐reduction technology (ClarityIQ, Philips Healthcare, The Netherlands), among all patients undergoing invasive cardiology procedures.BackgroundMedical procedures remain the primary source of exposure to ionizing radiation in the general population.MethodsThe study population comprised all patients (without exclusion criteria) undergoing invasive coronary procedures over a 1‐year study period in a large referral centre equipped with two catheterization laboratories (cathlabs). Both cathlabs (A and B) were equipped with the Allura Xper FD10 imaging system (Philips Healthcare, The Netherlands), but only Cathlab B was equipped with ClarityIQ technology. The primary endpoint was the estimated total dose of radiation received by the patient, as assessed by Air Kerma (AK) and dose area product (DAP).ResultsIn total, 2095 invasive coronary procedures were analyzed. The patients who underwent procedures in Cathlab B received an average estimated dose that was 23% (AK) and 43% (DAP) lower than the dose received by patients undergoing procedures in Cathlab A (P < .0001). The reduction remained significant by multivariate analysis after adjustment for total X‐ray time, body mass index, arterial approach, PCI of at least one lesion, sex, and patient age.ConclusionIn our study, the ClarityIQ technology reduced the estimated radiation dose received by patients by 23‐43%, according to the method of measurement.
Analysis of IN.PACT DEEP trial on the association between changes in perfusion from pre‐ to postrevascularization and clinical outcomes in critical limb ischemia
Authors: Hammad Tarek A. , Zeller Thomas , Baumgartner Iris , Scheinert Dierk , Rocha‐Singh Krishna J. , Shishehbor Mehdi H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo quantify changes in ankle and toe pressure from pre‐ to post‐endovascular revascularization for critical limb ischemia (CLI) and examine their association with major adverse limb events (MALE).BackgroundDespite societal guidelines recommendation of routine hemodynamic surveillance following revascularization, little is known about hemodynamic assessment in CLI.MethodsAmong the 358 patients with CLI from the international multicenter IN.PACT DEEP trial, ankle and toe pressures measurements were available at both baseline and after intervention in 270 and 44 patients, respectively. The change in ankle and toe pressures in response to endovascular revascularization and its association with 1‐year MALE (target limb revascularization, amputation, or death) were examined using Kaplan–Meier curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses. Corresponding optimal cutoff points were also identified.ResultsThe mean increase in ankle and toe pressures following revascularization was 33 and 13 mmHg, respectively. Patients with an improvement of ankle pressure >73 mmHg or toe pressure >1 mmHg had similarly the lowest incidence of MALE (23%), while the highest rate of MALE (50%) was found in those whose toe pressure failed to improve by at least 1 mmHg following intervention. In addition, an increase in ankle pressure >73 mmHg was numerically protective against MALE, and more importantly, an increase in toe pressure of >1 mmHg provided statistically significant protection from MALE (adjusted HR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.04–0.57, P = 0.005).ConclusionsImprovements in toe pressure post revascularization are incremental and rarely normalize. Toe pressure, compared to ankle pressure, is more useful in CLI and predicts future MALE.
Recent Advances in Conjugated Furans
Authors: Cao Hongda , Rupar Paul A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThiophene is one of the most ubiquitous moieties in organic conjugated materials; however, furan, its oxygen congener, and furan derivatives have received comparatively less attention. This is primarily due to the intrinsic instability of furan and its tendency to decompose in the presence of oxygen and light. Incorporating furan into conjugated systems can confer many benefits, including increases in conjugation, improved solubility, and better transport properties. In this Concept Article, advances in furan‐containing conjugated materials are presented. The impact of furan on the properties of conjugated materials is discussed, recent advances in synthetic methods are overviewed, and strategies for improving the stability of conjugated furans are detailed.
Bio‐Inspired Synthesis of an Ordered N/P Dual‐Doped Porous Carbon and Application as an Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Qiao Yun , Han Ruimin , Liu Yang , Ma Mengyue , Cheng Xiaoguang , Li Qingling , Yue Hongyun , Cao Zhaoxia , Zhang Huishuang , Yang Shuting 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCarbonaceous materials are one of the most promising anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries, because of their abundance, stability, and safe usage. However, the practical application of carbon materials is hindered by poor specific capacity and low initial Coulombic efficiency. The design of porous structure and doping with heteroatoms are two simple and effective methods to promote the sodium storage performance. Herein, the N, P co‐doped porous carbon materials are fabricated using renewable and biodegradable gelatin as carbon and nitrogen resource, phosphoric acid as phosphorus precursor and polystyrene nanospheres as a template. The product can deliver a reversible capacity of 230 mA h g−1 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1, and even a high capacity of 113 mA h g−1 at 10 Ag−1. The enhanced sodium storage performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of the porosity and the dual‐doping of nitrogen and phosphorus.
Bis(aryl) Tetrasulfides as Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Guo Wei , Wawrzyniakowski Zachary D. , Cerda Matthew M. , Bhargav Amruth , Pluth Michael D. , Ma Ying , Fu Yongzhu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn organotetrasulfide consists of a linear chain of four sulfur atoms that could accept up to 6 e− in reduction reactions, thus providing a promising high‐capacity electrode material. Herein, we study three bis(aryl) tetrasulfides as cathode materials in lithium batteries. Each tetrasulfide exhibits two major voltage regions in the discharge. The high voltage slope region is governed by the formation of persulfides and thiolates, and the low voltage plateau region is due to the formation of Li2S2/Li2S. Based on theoretical calculations and spectroscopic analysis, three reduction reaction processes are revealed, and the discharge products are identified. Lithium half cells with tetrasulfide catholytes deliver high specific capacities over 200 cycles. The effects of the functional groups on the electrochemical characteristics of tetrasulfides are investigated, which provides guidance for developing optimum aryl polysulfides as cathode materials for high energy lithium batteries.
Atmosphere‐Controlled Chemoselectivity: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Alkylation and Olefination of Alkylnitriles with Alcohols
Authors: Li Junjun , Liu Yuxuan , Tang Weijun , Xue Dong , Li Chaoqun , Xiao Jianliang , Wang Chao 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe chemoselective alkylation and olefination of alkylnitriles with alcohols have been developed by simply controlling the reaction atmosphere. A binuclear rhodium complex catalyzes the alkylation reaction under argon through a hydrogen‐borrowing pathway and the olefination reaction under oxygen through aerobic dehydrogenation. Broad substrate scope is demonstrated, permitting the synthesis of some important organic building blocks. Mechanistic studies suggest that the alkylation product may be formed through conjugate reduction of an alkene intermediate by a rhodium hydride, whereas the formation of olefin product may be due to the oxidation of the rhodium hydride complex with molecular oxygen.
Visible‐light Homogeneous Photocatalytic Conversion of CO2 into CO in Aqueous Solutions with an Iron Catalyst
Authors: Rao Heng , Bonin Julien , Robert Marc 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn iron‐substituted tetraphenyl porphyrin bearing positively charged trimethylammonio groups at the para position of each phenyl ring catalyzes the photoinduced conversion of CO2. This complex is water soluble and acts as a molecular catalyst to selectively reduce CO2 into CO under visible‐light irradiation in aqueous solutions (acetonitrile/water=1:9 v/v) with the assistance of purpurin, a simple organic photosensitizer. CO is produced with a catalytic selectivity of 95 % and turnover number up to 120, illustrating the possibility of photocatalyzing the reduction of CO2 in aqueous solution by using visible light, a simple organic sensitizer coupled to an amine as a sacrificial electron donor, and an earth‐abundant metal‐based molecular catalyst.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of lytic bone lesions: An institution's experience
Authors: Shergill Uday , Vitkovski Taisia , Stoffels Guillaume , Klein Melissa , Gimenez Cecilia , Laser Alice , Cocker Rubina , Chau Karen , Das Kasturi 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesFine needle aspiration (FNAB) is an effective, minimally‐invasive, inexpensive, diagnostic technique. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of FNAB in the diagnosis of bone lesions.MethodsFNABs of bone lesions diagnosed at our institution over a 2‐year period were retrospectively analyzed.Results241 samples were reviewed. Patients included 121 males and 120 females, with ages ranging from 4‐95 years (mean = 66 years). Of these 241 cases, 43.2% had FNAB and 56.8% had FNAB with core needle biopsy (CNB). The cytologic diagnoses were categorized as nondiagnostic, benign, atypical, suspicious, and positive for malignant cells. Total of 84.3% of FNABs were diagnostic. Of the malignant cases, 78.5% were metastases from nonosseous primary sites, 17.1% were lymphoproliferative lesions, and 4.4% were primary bone tumors. The most common site of metastasis was the pelvic bones (43.5%) followed by the vertebral column (38.7%). Breast (21%), lung (12.7%), and prostate (11.3%) were the most common identifiable primary site in metastatic cases. FNA smears and cell blocks allowed identification of metastatic lesions in 94.3% cases with immunohistochemistry (IHC). Obtaining a concomitant CNB did not result in a statistically significant increase in overall diagnostic yields (P = .20), ascertaining presence of metastatic lesion (P = .96) or ability to identify site of primary tumor in cases of metastasis (P = .53) compared to FNAB alone. Diagnostic accuracy was improved by reviewing clinical history, performing cell block, and IHC.ConclusionsFNAB is a reliable tool for diagnosis of bone lesions with comparable diagnostic sensitivity to CNB.
Age effects in eating disorder baseline risk factors and prevention intervention effects
Authors: Rohde Paul , Stice Eric , Shaw Heather , Gau Jeff M. , Ohls Olivia C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveExamine the impact of age on baseline eating disorder symptoms/risk factors and on the effects of completing three variants of an eating disorder prevention program.MethodSix hundred and eighty women (60% White) were randomized to clinician‐led Body Project groups, peer‐led Body Project groups, an Internet‐based version of the Body Project (eBodyProject), or educational video control condition. Participants, who were on average 22.2 years old (SD = 7.1, range 17–64, median = 19), were assessed at pretest, posttest, and 6‐month follow‐up.ResultsTwo of the seven baseline variables were significantly associated with age, indicating that older age was associated with lower reported dieting (r = −.12) and better psychosocial functioning (r = −.13). Interactions indicated that age moderated the intervention effects, such that group‐based programs were superior to the Internet‐delivered version in terms of eating disorder symptom reductions for women up to age 20, whereas the Internet‐delivered program was superior to group‐based interventions, particularly in terms of BMI reduction, for women over approximately age 25. None of the four tests examining whether age moderated the effects of delivering Body Project groups by mental health clinicians versus undergraduate peer educators were significant.DiscussionResults suggest that group‐based versions of the Body Project should be implemented with young women up to the age of 20, as they produce larger eating disorder symptom reductions, whereas the Internet version of the Body Project should be implemented with women aged 25 or older, as it produces superior weight loss/gain prevention effects.
Prediction of biodiversity hotspots in the Anthropocene: The case of veteran oaks
Authors: Skarpaas Olav , Blumentrath Stefan , Evju Marianne , Sverdrup‐Thygeson Anne 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOver the past centuries, humans have transformed large parts of the biosphere, and there is a growing need to understand and predict the distribution of biodiversity hotspots influenced by the presence of humans. Our basic hypothesis is that human influence in the Anthropocene is ubiquitous, and we predict that biodiversity hot spot modeling can be improved by addressing three challenges raised by the increasing ecological influence of humans: (i) anthropogenically modified responses to individual ecological factors, (ii) fundamentally different processes and predictors in landscape types shaped by different land use histories and (iii) a multitude and complexity of natural and anthropogenic processes that may require many predictors and even multiple models in different landscape types. We modeled the occurrence of veteran oaks in Norway, and found, in accordance with our basic hypothesis and predictions, that humans influence the distribution of veteran oaks throughout its range, but in different ways in forests and open landscapes. In forests, geographical and topographic variables related to the oak niche are still important, but the occurrence of veteran oaks is shifted toward steeper slopes, where logging is difficult. In open landscapes, land cover variables are more important, and veteran oaks are more common toward the north than expected from the fundamental oak niche. In both landscape types, multiple predictor variables representing ecological and human‐influenced processes were needed to build a good model, and several models performed almost equally well. Models accounting for the different anthropogenic influences on landscape structure and processes consistently performed better than models based exclusively on natural biogeographical and ecological predictors. Thus, our results for veteran oaks clearly illustrate the challenges to distribution modeling raised by the ubiquitous influence of humans, even in a moderately populated region, but also show that predictions can be improved by explicitly addressing these anthropogenic complexities.
Extended specificity studies of mRNA assays used to infer human organ tissues and body fluids
Authors: van den Berge Margreet , Sijen Titia 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMessenger RNA (mRNA) profiling is a technique increasingly applied for the forensic identification of body fluids and skin. More recently, an mRNA‐based organ typing assay was developed which allows for the inference of brain, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, and skin tissue. When applying this organ typing system in forensic casework for the presence of animal, rather than human, tissue is an alternative scenario to be proposed, for instance that bullets carry cell material from a hunting event. Even though mRNA profiling systems are commonly in silico designed to be primate specific, physical testing against other animal species is generally limited. In this study, human specificity of the organ tissue inferring system was assessed against organ tissue RNAs of various animals. Results confirm human specificity of the system, especially when utilizing interpretation rules considering multiple markers per cell type. Besides, we cross‐tested our organ and body fluid mRNA assays against the target types covered by the other assay. Marker expression in the nontarget organ tissues and body fluids was observed to a limited extent, which emphasizes the importance of involving the case‐specific context of the forensic samples in deciding which mRNA profiling assay to use and when for interpreting results.
Aquatic exposures of chemical mixtures in urban environments: Approaches to impact assessment
Authors: de Zwart Dick , Adams William , Galay Burgos Malyka , Hollender Juliane , Junghans Marion , Merrington Graham , Muir Derek , Parkerton Thomas , De Schamphelaere Karel A.C. , Whale Graham , Williams Richard 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Urban regions of the world are expanding rapidly, placing additional stress on water resources. Urban water bodies serve many purposes, from washing and sources of drinking water to transport and conduits for storm drainage and effluent discharge. These water bodies receive chemical emissions arising from either single or multiple point sources, diffuse sources which can be continuous, intermittent, or seasonal. Thus, aquatic organisms in these water bodies are exposed to temporally and compositionally variable mixtures. We have delineated source-specific signatures of these mixtures for diffuse urban runoff and urban point source exposure scenarios to support risk assessment and management of these mixtures. The first step in a tiered approach to assessing chemical exposure has been developed based on the event mean concentration concept, with chemical concentrations in runoff defined by volumes of water leaving each surface and the chemical exposure mixture profiles for different urban scenarios. Although generalizations can be made about the chemical composition of urban sources and event mean exposure predictions for initial prioritization, such modeling needs to be complemented with biological monitoring data. It is highly unlikely that the current paradigm of routine regulatory chemical monitoring alone will provide a realistic appraisal of urban aquatic chemical mixture exposures. Future consideration is also needed of the role of nonchemical stressors in such highly modified urban water bodies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:703–714. © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Anti‐apoptosis endothelial cell‐secreted microRNA‐195‐5p promotes pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Zeng Zhen , Yao Jun , Li Yinchuan , Xue Ying , Zou Yinghua , Shu Zhuoling , Jiao Zhihua 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn the pathological mechanism of pulmonary arterial hypertension, the role of apoptosis‐resistant pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PVECs/AR) has been emphasized on the pulmonary vascular remodeling. In the present study, we investigated whether PVECs/AR can promote the proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to study the role of miR‐195‐5p in the crosstalk between these two types of cells. We confirmed that PVECs/AR can promote the proliferation and migration of PASMCs in a co‐culture system of AR/PVECs and PASMCs. Additionally, after exposure to hypoxia for 12 or 24 h, AR/PVECs had a higher mature miR‐195‐5p level than PVECs (P < 0.05, 12 and 24 h). Luciferase reporter assays were used to validate indications of the existence of an HRE in the miR‐195‐5p promoter. Knocking down Smad7 can reverse the inhibition of Lv‐S195 on TGF‐β1‐induced PASMCs remodeling. TGF‐β1 promoted cell growth in PASMCs, and the supernatant of PVECs/AP infected with Lv‐S195 inhibited TGF‐β1 enhanced proliferation in PASMCs, which was also blocked by Lv‐shRNA‐Smad7. The result of this experiment confirmed the specificity of the HIF‐1a/miR‐195/Smad7 pathway. Our data indicate the possible function of PVECs/AR in the process of pulmonary vascular remodeling. MiRNA‐195‐5p played a role as an interacting paracrine factor between PVECs/AR and PASMC, which seemed to function through the HIF‐1a/miRNA‐195‐5p/Smad7 pathway.
Cover Image, Volume 92, Issue 10
Authors: Sierra Estefanía , Miranda‐Molina Alfonso , Castillo Edmundo , Hu Hailin , Ayala Marcela 
Published: September 2017

The cover image, by Estefanía Sierra et al., is based on the Research Article Chemoenzymatic synthesis of poly(phenylene disulfides) with insulating properties and resistant to high temperatures, DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5290.
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Site‐specific accumulation and dynamic change of flavonoids in Apocyni Veneti Folium
Authors: Chen Cui‐Hua , Xu Hu , Liu Xun‐Hong , Zou Li‐Si , Wang Mei , Liu Zi‐Xiu , Fu Xing‐Sheng , Zhao Hui , Yan Ying 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSite‐specific accumulation of flavonoids in Apocyni Veneti Folium was determined by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) and the localization of catechins also was observed via vanillin‐HCl staining under the conventional optical microscope. The contents of five flavonoids in Apocyni Veneti Folium from different harvest times and growth parts were measured using HPLC method. LSCM observation showed that flavonoids are accumulated in cuticle of epidermal cells and vessel walls, especially in protoplasts and nucleolus of the collenchyma cells and the epidermal cells. Catechins are localized in the palisade parenchyma cells and vessel walls, particularly in the laticifers found in the phloem. On the basis of the difference of the maximal emission wavelength between quercetin and kaempferol derivatives which have fluorescence behavior by appropriate treatment, kaempferol and its derivatives are localized exclusively in the cuticle. Results showed that the content of astragalin in Apocyni Veneti Folium from different parts revealed the decreasing trend, while hyperin and isoquercitrin were higher in June and July analyzed by HPLC. In summary, the site‐specific accumulation of flavonoids in Apocyni Veneti Folium can be determined by LSCM and vanillin‐HCl staining. The contents of flavonoids in Apocyni Veneti Folium are correlated with harvest times and growth parts.
Oriented diameter of graphs with given maximum degree
Authors: Dankelmann Peter , Guo Yubao , Surmacs Michel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this article, we show that every bridgeless graph G of order n and maximum degree Δ has an orientation of diameter at most . We then use this result and the definition , for every subgraph H of G, to give better bounds in the case that G contains certain clusters of high‐degree vertices, namely: For every edge e, G has an orientation of diameter at most , if e is on a triangle and at most , otherwise. Furthermore, for every bridgeless subgraph H of G, there is such an orientation of diameter at most . Finally, if G is bipartite, then we show the existence of an orientation of diameter at most , for every partite set A of G and . This particularly implies that balanced bipartite graphs have an orientation of diameter at most . For each bound, we give a polynomial‐time algorithm to construct a corresponding orientation and an infinite family of graphs for which the bound is sharp.