bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Affordable Care Act on Breastfeeding Outcomes
Authors: Gurley-Calvez Tami , Bullinger Lindsey , Kapinos Kandice A. 
Published: December 2017

Objectives. To assess how the 2012 Affordable Care Act (ACA) policy change, which required most private health insurance plans to cover lactation-support services and breastfeeding equipment (without cost-sharing), affected breastfeeding outcomes. Methods. We used a regression-adjusted difference-in-differences approach with cross-sectional observational data from the US National Immunization Survey from 2008 to 2014 to estimate the effect of the ACA policy change on breastfeeding outcomes, including initiation, duration, and age at first formula feeding. The sample included children aged 19 to 23 months covered by private health insurance or Medicaid. Results. The ACA policy change was associated with an increase in breastfeeding duration by 10% (0.57 months; P = .007) and duration of exclusive breastfeeding by 21% (0.74 months; P = .001) among the eligible population. Results indicate no significant effects on breastfeeding initiation and age at first formula feeding. Conclusions. Reducing barriers to receiving support services and breastfeeding equipment shows promise as part of a broader effort to encourage breastfeeding, particularly the duration of breastfeeding and the amount of time before formula supplementation.
Effect of Medicaid Expansions of 2014 on Overall and Early-Stage Cancer Diagnoses
Authors: Soni Aparna , Simon Kosali , Cawley John , Sabik Lindsay 
Published: December 2017

Objectives. To determine whether the 2014 Medicaid expansions facilitated by the Affordable Care Act affected overall and early-stage cancer diagnosis for nonelderly adults. Methods. We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Cancer Registry data from 2010 through 2014 to estimate a difference-in-differences model of cancer diagnosis rates, both overall and by stage, comparing changes in county-level diagnosis rates in US states that expanded Medicaid in 2014 with those that did not expand Medicaid. Results. Among the 611 counties in this study, Medicaid expansion was associated with an increase in overall cancer diagnoses of 13.8 per 100 000 population (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.7, 26.9), or 3.4%. Medicaid expansion was also associated with an increase in early-stage diagnoses of 15.4 per 100 000 population (95% CI = 5.4, 25.3), or 6.4%. There was no detectable impact on late-stage diagnoses. Conclusions. In their first year, the 2014 Medicaid expansions were associated with an increase in cancer diagnosis, particularly at the early stage, in the working-age population. Public Health Implications. Expanding public health insurance may be an avenue for improving cancer detection, which is associated with improved patient outcomes, including reduced mortality.
Opioid Crisis: No Easy Fix to Its Social and Economic Determinants
Authors: Dasgupta Nabarun , Beletsky Leo , Ciccarone Daniel 
Published: December 2017

The accepted wisdom about the US overdose crisis singles out prescribing as the causative vector. Although drug supply is a key factor, we posit that the crisis is fundamentally fueled by economic and social upheaval, its etiology closely linked to the role of opioids as a refuge from physical and psychological trauma, concentrated disadvantage, isolation, and hopelessness.Overreliance on opioid medications is emblematic of a health care system that incentivizes quick, simplistic answers to complex physical and mental health needs. In an analogous way, simplistic measures to cut access to opioids offer illusory solutions to this multidimensional societal challenge.We trace the crisis’ trajectory through the intertwined use of opioid analgesics, heroin, and fentanyl analogs, and we urge engaging the structural determinants lens to address this formidable public health emergency. A broad focus on suffering should guide both patient- and community-level interventions.
Generalidades de los negocios internacionales como programa de educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Baena Rojas José Jaime , Hurtado Giraldo Lesly Alejandra 
Published: December 2017

En este artículo se reflexiona sobre los programas de educación superior de negocios internacionales en Colombia además de analizar algunos detalles en cuanto a sus enfoques y lugares de procedencia dentro de las diferentes instituciones de educación superior. En este sentido se lleva a cabo un estudio de revisión de diferentes bases de datos del Ministerio de Educación Nacional en cuyo caso son identificados los pregrados de negocios internacionales ofrecidos en las diferentes universidades del país. Se concluye que los departamentos con mayor oferta de pregrados de esta naturaleza en Colombia Cundinamarca, seguido de Antioquia, Atlántico y Valle, quienes igualmente poseen en la actualidad la mayor cantidad de programas con acreditación de alta calidad. Finalmente la formación en este tema es bastante amplia en el país considerando que existen también programas de educación superior de tipo técnico, tecnológico y profesional.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Praktik Pembentukan Bahan Bengkel Fabrikasi Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Authors: Marwanto Arif , Ardian Aan , Suyanto Suyanto 
Published: December 2017

The implementation of practice-work learning need to be evaluated periodically to determine wether the equipments and the learning methods are appropriate to the main purpose of learning, which is the establishment of learners’ competency. The evaluation process in this research was carried out by adopting the CIPP evaluation methods. The research objects are lecturers and students participating in the Material Forming Practice course. Data were collected using documentation, observation and questionnaires and were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results show that the implementation of Material Forming Practice course in the half semester of academic year 2016/2017 was very successful. Barriers faced by the lecturers were the lack of students’ comprehension in flat pattern drawing, mathematical analysis skills, lack of motivation in reading jobsheet, and the lack of students’ adaptation to the practice environment. Barriers faced by the students came from the lecturers, workpiece materials, low category workshop conditions, the shop equipments are in moderate category, whereas jobsheets and technicians are in the very low category. The condition of the equipments in terms of quantity is sufficient, but in terms of quality, many still needs repairs and renewals. The students’ learning achiements in the midterm semester was the ability to finish 4 jobs with marks as follow: 53% were graded “A”, 35% were graded “B”and the remaining 12% were graded “C”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian peralatan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan tujuan akhir pembelajaran yaitu pembentukan kompetensi mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan mengadopsi metode evaluasi CIPP. Objek penelitian adalah dosen pengampu dan mahasiswa peserta mata kuliah praktik Pembentukan Bahan tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi, observasi, dan angket. Data dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan praktik Pembentukan Bahan selama setengah semester terlaksana dengan sangat baik. Hambatan yang dialami dosen yaitu kurangnya kemampuan mahasiswa dalam memahami gambar bentangan, analisis matematika, adaptasi dengan lingkungan praktik, dan malas membaca jobsheet. Hambatan mahasiswa dari dosen, bahan, dan kondisi bengkel termasuk kategori rendah, alat termasuk kategori sedang, jobsheet dan teknisi termasuk kategori rendah sekali. Kondisi peralatan secara kuantitas mencukupi, tetapi kualitasnya perlu perbaikan dan peremajaan. Pada pertengahan semester mahasiswa mampu menyelesaikan 4 materi pekerjaan dengan perolehan nilai A sebanyak 53%, nilai B sebanyak 35% dan nilai C sebanyak 12%.
Penerapan Perangkat Praktik Pengecoran Aluminium pada Mata Pelajaran Teknologi Mekanik Untuk Siswa SMK
Authors: Setiawan Tiyas Dwi , Tiwan Tiwan , Leman Arianto 
Published: December 2017

This article presents the application of aluminum casting foundry practice equipment in SMK N 1 Magelang and the evaluation of the learning achievement. The research methods being used was quasi-experiment with Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The population of this research was all of the 126 X grade students of Machining department. The sampling using the incidental sampling methods resulting in the choice of MC and MA class, each having 31 students as samples. MC class was selected as a control group and MA was class selected as the treatment group. Data collection was carried out using observation and test and then analyzed using Sign Test. The experiment resulted in 30 students of the treatment group passed the minimum mastery criteria (score 75), while for the control group it is only 10 students. The learning achievements of the treatment group in average was 82.78 which is higher than the control group with an average of 72.43. The increase in the average learning achievements for the treatment group is 37 % while for the control group is 25 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan prestasi belajar siswa yang menggunakan perangkat praktik pengecoran aluminium pada mata pelajaran Teknologi Mekanik di SMK. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan Pretest Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas X Teknik Pemesinan SMK Negeri 1 Magelang yang berjumlah 126 siswa. Kelas X MC dan X MA dengan masing-masing 31 siswa dipilih menjadi sampel dengan metode sampling insidental. Kelas X MC dipilih sebagai kelompok kontrol dan kelas X MA dipilih sebagai kelompok perlakuan. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi dan tes, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji tanda. Setelah diberikan tindakan diketahui bahwa siswa yang mencapai KKM (75) pada kelompok perlakuan sebanyak 30 siswa, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol hanya 10 siswa. Rata-rata prestasi belajar kelompok perlakuan adalah 82,78 sedangkan kelompok kontrol 72,43. Peningkatan rata-rata prestasi belajar kelompok perlakuan mencapai 37% sedangkan kelompok kontrol 25%.
Analysis of Reading Ability, Drafting Skills and Students’ Complaints on Engineering Drawing of Grade XI of Machining Study Program
Authors: Akhiruddin Yondi , Subiyono Subiyono 
Published: December 2017

This study aims to determine and describe students’ reading ability and drafting skills on technical drawing, and the students’ complaints of school factors, which affect the learning process on engineering drawing subject in grade XI of Machining study program. This is a descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The population in this research were 112 students. The samples of 91 students were chosen using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by means of tests and questionnaire. Data were then analyzed using descriptive analysis. The result shows that students’ reading ability of engineering drawing is in the category of “high” with percentages of completion from the “comply with the drawing standard” indicator is 91.21% and “correctness” indicator is 40%. Students’ drafting skills is in the category of “high” with percentages of completion from the indicators of “comply with the drawing standard” is 79.12%, “clear and easy to understand” is 63%, “drafting speed” is 87%, and “cleanliness” is 89%. The most complained in terms of school factors on the subject of engineering drawing are student-teacher relationship, classroom equipment, building condition, and homework.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kemampuan siswa dalam membaca gambar, mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kemampuan siswa dalam membuat gambar kerja, dan keluhan siswa ditinjau dari faktor sekolah yang mempengaruhi belajar mengajar siswa pada mata pelajaran gambar teknik kelas XI Teknik Pemesinan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 112 orang. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 91 siswa ditentukan dengan teknik simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan tes dan angket. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam membaca gambar berada pada kategori tinggi dengan presentase keberhasilan indikator tiap evaluasi pada standar sebesar 91.21% dan betul sebesar 40%, kemampuan siswa dalam membuat gambar berada pada kategori tinggi dengan presentase keberhasilan indikator tiap evaluasi pada standar sebesar 79.12%, jelas dan mudah dipahami sebesar 63%, kecepatan sebesar 87%, dan kebersihan sebesar 89%, dan keluhan siswa pada mata pelajaran gambar teknik ditinjau dari faktor sekolah yang cukup dikeluhkan adalah relasi guru dengan siswa, alat pelajaran, keadaan gedung, dan tugas rumah.
The Star-Beings and stones: Petroforms and the reflection of Native American cosmology, myth and stellar traditions
Authors: Bender Herman E. 
Published: December 2017

Native American myths, legends and oral traditions are rich with stories of giant beings existing in ancient times. They all talk of giant Thunderers or Thunder-beings, giant snakes and great Thunderbirds. Even the first humans were said to be giants, some half man, half animal. The Tsistsistas (Cheyenne) have a name for the giant beings that their ancestors encountered during the early migration to the grasslands of the Great Plains. They called them haztova hotoxceo or “two-faced star people”. Other Plains tribes such as the Black Feet, Gros Ventres and Lakota have similar stories.
These old stories may have real world counterparts. Discovered in a prehistoric effigy-mound group (the Kolterman Mounds) in south-eastern Wisconsin (U.S.A.) is a human-like petroform or lithic effigy with a serpentine body and wing-like arms known as the ‘Star-being’. Configured in stone, it is approximately 20 metres in length with a red coloured, bison-shaped headstone aligned to face the summer solstice sunrise. However, it is not a lone or singular occurrence. The ‘Star-being’ is but one of two human-like petroform effigies discovered in south-eastern Wisconsin. There is another of almost the same size called the Starman which also has a red coloured, bison-shaped headstone aligned to face the summer solstice sunrise. Both the Starman and Star-Being lithic complexes are codified by the State Historical Society of Wisconsin as archaeological sites of Archaic age.
Each giant lithic effigy appears to be a reflection of certain constellations and stars. The ‘Star-being’ is a mirror-image of the (western) constellations of Scorpius and Libra (with Sagittarius); the Starman is an almost exact representation of Taurus and the Pleiades. Both giant effigies are estimated to be 3500-6000 years old, embodiments of ancient legends and traditions writ large in stone and connected to ‘The People’ through ceremony and acts of cosmic renewal.
Detección de antígenos dominantes para el diagnóstico de cisticercosis por inmunoelectrotransferencia (Eitb)
Authors: Pinilla Gladys , Navarrete Jeannette , Almonacid Carmen C. , Bermudez Martha , Villamil Luis Carlos 
Published: December 2017

Se emplearon quistes liofilizados de Cisticerco cellullosae para preparar un extracto antigénico, el cual se utilizó en la identificación de antígenos de Taenia soliumreconocidos por inmunoglobulinas G de pacientes con cisticercosis, por medio de la prueba de inmunoelectrotransferencia (EITB). Se estudiaron 193 muestras (105 líquidos cefalorraquídeos - LCR y 88 sueros) de individuos con diagnóstico de cisticercosis por hallazgos clínicos, epidemiológicos y serológicos mediante el inmunoensayo enzimático (ELISA). El análisis de las proteínas antigénicas por electroforesis, permitió identificar polipéptidos de 29, 45, 66, 96 y 116 kDa principalmente, así como también algunos menores de 29 kDa. Los de mayor frecuencia de aparición en muestras de suero y LCR fueron los de 29, 45 y 66 kDa. Por lo tanto, estos antígenos inmunodominantes, podrían emplearse con predilección en estudios epidemiológicos y clínicos de cisticercosis por western blot.
Design educacional e material didático impresso para educação a distância: um breve panorama
Authors: Heinsfeld Bruna , Pena Ana 
Published: December 2017

No contexto da educação a distância, o material didático impresso (MDI) constitui uma das principais mídias utilizadas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem no Brasil. Contudo, também figura como um dos mecanismos didáticos com piores índices nas avaliações discentes. A partir dessas questões, analisa-se o desenvolvimento do MDI, com base no estudo do corpus , investigando as nuances do design educacional e seus componentes: objetivos de aprendizagem, seções temáticas, atividades, linguagem e imagens. Ratificando a análise, obtêm-se as impressões dos alunos usuários do material acerca desses elementos, a partir de questionário estruturado. Os trabalhos de Barreto et al. (2007), Barreto (2012), Filatro (2009), Filatro e Cairo (2015) e Preti (2010) são utilizados como subsídios teóricos relacionados ao design educacional. Embora demande adequações aos estudos recentes, o corpus selecionado se mostrou satisfatório quanto à experiência de aprendizagem.
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANGTUA DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DAN IMPLIKINYA TERHADAP PELAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING
Authors: Karnangsyah Emi 
Published: December 2017

<p><em>T</em><em>he purpose of this research is to know the result of learning the student, the pattern to take care of the parent, and relation between the pattern of taking care of the parent with result of learning the student its implication to guidance and counseling in SMP Negeri 36 Sarolangun. The research is conducted with correlation descriptive method, that is one research to look for relation between on variable with other variable and then the data or information is elaborated by using approach of quantitative, that is correlating between the pattern take care of parent and result the learning the student. The Result of this research that are: </em><em>(</em><em>1) the result of learning SMP Negeri 36</em><em> </em><em>Sarolangun on the part of is</em><em>, (</em><em>2) The pattern take care of SMP Negeri 36 Sarolangun</em><em> a</em><em>s following: The authoritative parenting reside in high categories, the uninvolved reside high categories. The based on this research that researcher have found. This can be know that the relation which between the pattern take care with result of learning the student.</em><em></em></p>
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa melalui Pendekatan Matematika Realistik pada Operasi Hitung di Kelas Ii SD Negeri 22 Lubuk Alung Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Harfi Yuli 
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya kenyataan di lapangan pembelajaran di kelas II Sekolah Dasar (SD) belum menggunakan pendekatan realistik. Berdasarkan pengamatan peneliti di SD Negeri 22 Lubuk Alung Kabupaten Padang Pariaman bahwa guruÂ kelas II SD mengajarkan matematika masih dengan cara tradisional dengan arti kata belum mengaitkan pembelajaran dengan kehidupan nyata siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan dan mendapatkan informasi tentang pembelajaran operasi hitung campuran dengan pendekatan realistik. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang terdiri dari dua siklus meliputi empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Data penelitian ini berupa informasi tentang proses dan data hasil tindakan yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan, hasil wawancara, dan tes. Subjek peneliti adalah guru, peneliti (praktisi) dan siswa kelas II yang berjumlah 25 orang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan model analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Â Hasil belajar matematika siswa dengan menggunakan pendekatan matematika realistik pada siklus I dan II mengalami peningkatan di mana nilai rata-rata pada siklus I diperoleh rata-rata 77,2 dan pada siklus II rata-rata 88,2. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan pendekatan matematika realistik dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas II.
Peningkatan Partisipasi Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Dalam Pembelajaran PAI Dengan Strategi True or False Di SDN 38 Sungai Limau Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Hasnibar Hasnibar 
Published: December 2017

This research is based on the lack of studentâ€™s participacion in learning religion subject, including do discussion, propose the ideas, or conclude the material. It is caused by â€œspeech methodâ€ that teacher used to do in learning, so that students got the low score for this subject. This research is aimed to improve studentâ€™s participation in learning religion subject by implementing True of False method. This is classroom action research with subject are students grade IV in SDN 38 Sungai Limau Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Data were obtained through observation on studentâ€™s participation in learning, observation on teacherâ€™s activities, and final test for students. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Based on the result of this research, studentâ€™s participation in learning: (1) percentage of students in doing discussion is 60% for cycle I and 85% for cycle II; (2) Â percentage of students in proposing ideas is 50% for cycle I and 75% for cycle II; and (3) percentage of students in concluding the lesson is 30% for cycle I and 72.5% for cycle II. Thus, learning of religion subject that implement the True or False strategy can improve studentâ€™s participation in learning.
O ENSINO JURÍDICO NO BRASIL
Authors: Carvalho Rodrigues Neire Cristina , Victor Amaral Antonio Carlos , De Lima Andrade Vanessa 
Published: December 2017

O artigo enfoca a questão do ensino jurídico no Brasil, tendo como marco inicial a colonização deste país e a partir daí o incremento que o Direito de fato teve com o passar do tempo. O estudo adequa dessa forma, uma historicidade a respeito desse ensino, sua expansão até a atualidade, e como está atualmente o ensino jurídico no Brasil. O presente artigo será desenvolvido com um conciso histórico do ensino jurídico no Brasil. Após, será apresentado o modelo de ensino dogmático ainda dominante nos dias de hoje e as novas legislações que tentam reverter este quadro. E, por fim, serão apresentados alguns caminhos que podem ser trilhados para se alcançar um ensino que forme profissionais habilitados para garantir a efetividade do Direito na conjuntura social. Palavras chave: Graduação em Direito. Dogmática. Ensino Jurídico. The article focuses on the issue of legal teaching in Brazil, having as an inicial mark the colonization of this country and, from there, the increament that the Law really had over the time. The study thus adapt a historicity about this teaching, its expansion to the present and how the legal teaching is currently in Brazil. This article will be developed with a concise historical history of legal education in Brazil. Afterwards, it will be presented the model of dogmatic teaching still dominant today and the new legislation that tries to reverse this situation. And, finally, some paths will be presented that can be traced to reach an education that will train professionals qualified to guarantee the effectiveness of Law in the social conjuncture. Keywords: Graduation in Law. Dogmatic. Legal Teaching.