bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BG-4, a novel anticancer peptide from bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), promotes apoptosis in human colon cancer cells
Authors: Dia Vermont P. , Krishnan Hari B. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMomordica charantia is a perennial plant with reported health benefits. BG-4, a novel peptide from Momordica charantia, was isolated, purified and characterized. The trypsin inhibitory activity of BG-4 is 8.6 times higher than purified soybean trypsin inhibitor. The high trypsin inhibitory activity of BG-4 may be responsible for its capability to cause cytotoxicity to HCT-116 and HT-29 human colon cancer cells with ED50 values of 134.4 and 217.0 μg/mL after 48 h of treatment, respectively. The mechanism involved in the cytotoxic effect may be associated with induction of apoptosis as evidenced by increased percentage of HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells undergoing apoptosis from 5.4% (untreated) to 24.8% (BG-4 treated, 125 μg/mL for 16 h) and 8.5% (untreated) to 31.9% (BG-4 treated, 125 μg/mL for 16 h), respectively. The molecular mechanistic explanation in the apoptosis inducing property of BG-4 is due to reduced expression of Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax leading to increased expression of caspase-3 and affecting the expression of cell cycle proteins p21 and CDK2. This is the first report on the anti-cancer potential of a novel bioactive peptide isolated from Momordica charantia in vitro supporting the potential therapeutic property of BG-4 against colon cancer that must be addressed using in vivo models of colon carcinogenesis.
Shifts in Lachnospira and Clostridium sp. in the 3-month stool microbiome are associated with preschool age asthma
Authors: Stiemsma Leah T. , Arrieta Marie-Claire , Dimitriu Pedro A. , Cheng Jasmine , Thorson Lisa , Lefebvre Diana L. , Azad Meghan B. , Subbarao Padmaja , Mandhane Piush , Becker Allan , Sears Malcolm R. , Kollmann Tobias R. ,   the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) Study Investigators, Mohn William W. , Finlay B. Brett , Turvey Stuart E. 
Published: September 2016

Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways affecting one in ten children in Westernized countries. Recently, our group showed that specific bacterial genera in early life are associated with atopy and wheezing in 1-year-old children. However, little is known about the link between the early life gut microbiome and the diagnosis of asthma in preschool age children. To determine the role of the gut microbiota in preschool age asthma, children up to 4 years of age enrolled in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) study were classified as asthmatic (n=39) or matched healthy controls (n=37). 16S rRNA sequencing and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were used to analyse the composition of the 3-month and 1-year gut microbiome of these children. At 3 months the abundance of the genus, Lachnospira (L), was decreased (P=0.008), whereas the abundance of the species, Clostridium neonatale (C), was increased (P=0.07) in asthmatics. Quartile analysis of stool composition at 3-months revealed a negative association between the ratio of these two bacteria (L/C) and asthma risk by 4 years of age [quartile 1: odds ratio (OR)=15, P=0.02, CI (confidence interval)= 1.8–124.7; quartile 2: OR=1.0, ns; quartile 3: OR=0.37, ns]. We conclude that opposing shifts in the relative abundances of Lachnospira and C. neonatale in the first 3 months of life are associated with preschool age asthma, and that the L/C ratio may serve as a potential early life biomarker to predict asthma development.
Method for classification of PQ events based on discrete Gabor transform with FIR window and T2FK‐based SVM and its experimental verification
Authors: Naderian Sobhan , Salemnia Ahmad 
Published: September 2016

This paper aims to develop a new method for identification of Power Quality (PQ) events based on Discrete Gabor Transform (DGT) with a Finite Impulse Response Window (FIR‐DGT) and Type‐2 Fuzzy Kernel‐based Support Vector Machine (T2FK‐SVM). The FIR‐DGT extracted features from the input signals and the T2FK‐SVM classified them. Using proper window function for DGT is essential. Iterated sine window was used as window function to extract the events' features. The iterated sine window's function is four times faster than the default window function of DGT. Kernel design is a main part of many Kernel‐based methods such as SVM, so by using T2FK, the total accuracy of classification is enhanced. In the present work, use of this hybrid approach decreased the extracted features size, so the execution time and total required memory were optimized for the classification section. The simulation results revealed accurate classification and execution in the detection and classification of nine types of PQ events. The overall accuracy of the proposed method was comparable to other methods and the accuracy evaluated under noisy conditions. Hardware platform was developed for evaluating the proposed method based on ARM LPC 1768 microcontroller to assess accuracy of the method in real conditions.
Fabrication and electrochemical properties of 1D mesoporous TiO2 nanorods doped‐LiNi0.7Mn0.2Co0.1O2 as the anode material for lithium ion battery
Authors: Lu Junjian , Zhang Min , Hu Chuanyue 
Published: September 2016

One dimensional (1D) mesoporous TiO2 nanorods have been prepared via the foaming‐assisted electrospinning and high temperature calcinations method. Meanwhile, the ternary precursor of LiNi0.7Mn0.2Co0.1O2 has been obtained by the hydroxide co‐precipitation method. The anode materials (sample 2) have been prepared by calcinations of LiNi0.7Mn0.2Co0.1O2 precursor with 1D mesoporous TiO2 nanorods (0.5 wt %) at 820°C for 40 h. The structure and properties of sample 2 have been investigated and characterised by Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction and battery charge–discharge cycle methods, respectively. The first reversible capacity of the electrode for lithium ion batteries based on sample 2 was 159.4 mAhg−1, and 149.4 mAhg−1 was remained after 20 cycles. The electrochemical properties of sample 2 have been improved due to the introduction of mesoporous TiO2 nanorods in the pristine of LiNi0.7Mn0.2Co0.1O2.
Bronchial Stump Recurrence after Complete Resection of Lung Cancer: Effect of the Distance between the Tumor and Bronchial Resection Margin
Authors: Kocaturk Celalettin , Demir Adalet , Urer Halide , Dincer Seyyit , Bedirhan Mehmet , Gunluoglu Mehmet 
Published: September 2016

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the following parameters after complete resection in established lung cancer patients: the frequency of bronchial stump recurrence (BSR), the effect of the distance between the tumor and bronchial resection margin (DBTM) on BSR, the survival of patients with BSR, and the effect of the DBTM on survival.
Patients and Methods We retrospectively evaluated 553 consecutive lung cancer patients who underwent complete lung resection. The patients were classified as DBTM: ≤ 10 mm (group 1), 11 to 20 mm (group 2), and > 20 mm (group 3).
Results We found BSR in eight (1.5%) patients. Six patients were in group 1, and two were in group 2. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p = 0004; groups 1 vs. 3). In multivariable analysis, we observed a trend toward significance for the effect of a DBTM on BSR development (p = 0.1). The DBTM did not significantly affect survival (p = 0.61). The survival of patients who developed BSR was significantly poor compared with those who did not develop BSR (p = 0.001).
Conclusion BSR can develop even after complete resection of lung cancer. The DBTM is associated with BSR risk, and the survival of patients who develop BSR is poor.
Distinct biological events generated by ECM proteolysis by two homologous collagenases
Authors: Solomonov Inna , Zehorai Eldar , Talmi-Frank Dalit , Wolf Sharon G. , Shainskaya Alla , Zhuravlev Alina , Kartvelishvily Elena , Visse Robert , Levin Yishai , Kampf Nir , Jaitin Diego Adhemar , David Eyal , Amit Ido , Nagase Hideaki , Sagi Irit 
Published: September 2016

SignificanceExtracellular matrix (ECM) proteolysis is an abundant biochemical process. Here we describe the multilayered biological complexity generated by structurally homologous collagenases (matrix metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-13) in collagen-rich, native ECM, that may prove central to tissue homeostasis and pathology. The events induced by these two collagenases generate microenvironments characterized by distinct chemical, biomechanical, and morphological ECM properties that lead to different cellular behaviors. Our findings improve the fundamental understanding of selective ECM degradation by homologous collagenases and its impact on cell behavior.
Low Body Mass Index in Endometriosis Is Promoted by Hepatic Metabolic Gene Dysregulation in Mice1
Authors: Goetz Teddy G. , Mamillapalli Ramanaiah , Taylor Hugh S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe gynecological disease endometriosis is characterized by the deposition and proliferation of endometrial cells outside the uterus and clinically is linked to low body mass index (BMI). Gene expression in the liver of these women has not been reported. We hypothesized that endometriosis may impact hepatic gene expression, promoting a low BMI. To determine the effect of endometriosis on liver gene expression, we induced endometriosis in female mice by suturing donor mouse endometrium into the peritoneal cavity and measuring the weight of these mice. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning of these mice showed lower body weight and lower total body fat than controls. Microarray analysis identified 26 genes differentially regulated in the livers of mice with endometriosis. Six of 26 genes were involved in metabolism. Four of six genes were upregulated and were related to weight loss, whereas two genes were downregulated and linked to obesity. Expression levels of Cyp2r1, Fabp4, Mrc1, and Rock2 were increased, whereas Igfbp1 and Mmd2 expression levels were decreased. Lep and Pparg, key metabolic genes in the pathways of the six genes identified from the microarray, were also upregulated. This dysregulation was specific to metabolic pathways. Here we demonstrate that endometriosis causes reduced body weight and body fat and disrupts expression of liver genes. We suggest that altered metabolism mediated by the liver contributes to the clinically observed low BMI that is characteristic of women with endometriosis. These findings reveal the systemic and multiorgan nature of endometriosis.
Antagonism of the Neurokinin-1 Receptor Improves Survival in a Mouse Model of Sepsis by Decreasing Inflammation and Increasing Early Cardiovascular Function
Authors: Mella Juan R. , Chiswick Evan , Stepien David , Moitra Rituparna , Duffy Elizabeth R. , Stucchi Arthur , Remick Daniel 
Published: September 2016

Objectives:
Sepsis remains a serious clinical problem despite intensive research efforts and numerous attempts to improve outcome by modifying the inflammatory response. Substance P, the principal ligand for the neurokinin-1 receptor, is a potent proinflammatory mediator that exacerbates inflammatory responses and cardiovascular variables in sepsis.

Design:
The current study examined whether inhibition of the neurokinin-1 receptor with a specific antagonist (CJ-12,255) would improve survival in the cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis in adult female outbred mice.

Setting:
University basic science research laboratory.

Measurements and Main Results:
Neurokinin-1 receptor treatment at the initiation of sepsis improved survival in cecal ligation and puncture sepsis (neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist survival = 79% vs vehicle = 54%). Delaying therapy for as little as 8 hours postcecal ligation and puncture failed to provide a survival benefit. Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist treatment did not prevent the sepsis-induced decrease in circulating WBCs, augment the early (6 hr postcecal ligation and puncture) recruitment of inflammatory cells to the peritoneum, or improve phagocytic cell killing of pathogens. However, the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist significantly reduced both circulating and peritoneal cytokine concentrations. In addition, the cardiovascular variable, pulse distension (a surrogate for stroke volume) was improved in the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist group during the first 6 hours of sepsis, and there was a significant reduction in loss of fluid into the intestine.

Conclusion:
These data show that early activation of the neurokinin-1 receptor by substance P decreases sepsis survival through multiple mechanisms including depressing stroke volume, increasing fluid loss into the intestine, and increasing inflammatory cytokine production.
Early Detection of Increased Intracranial Pressure Episodes in Traumatic Brain Injury: External Validation in an Adult and in a Pediatric Cohort
Authors: Güiza Fabian , Depreitere Bart , Piper Ian , Citerio Giuseppe , Jorens Philippe G. , Maas Andrew , Schuhmann Martin U. , Lo Tsz-Yan Milly , Donald Rob , Jones Patricia , Maier Gottlieb , Van den Berghe Greet , Meyfroidt Geert 
Published: September 2016

Objective:
A model for early detection of episodes of increased intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury patients has been previously developed and validated based on retrospective adult patient data from the multicenter Brain-IT database. The purpose of the present study is to validate this early detection model in different cohorts of recently treated adult and pediatric traumatic brain injury patients.

Design:
Prognostic modeling. Noninterventional, observational, retrospective study.

Setting and Patients:
The adult validation cohort comprised recent traumatic brain injury patients from San Gerardo Hospital in Monza (n = 50), Leuven University Hospital (n = 26), Antwerp University Hospital (n = 19), Tübingen University Hospital (n = 18), and Southern General Hospital in Glasgow (n = 8). The pediatric validation cohort comprised patients from neurosurgical and intensive care centers in Edinburgh and Newcastle (n = 79).

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
The model’s performance was evaluated with respect to discrimination, calibration, overall performance, and clinical usefulness. In the recent adult validation cohort, the model retained excellent performance as in the original study. In the pediatric validation cohort, the model retained good discrimination and a positive net benefit, albeit with a performance drop in the remaining criteria.

Conclusions:
The obtained external validation results confirm the robustness of the model to predict future increased intracranial pressure events 30 minutes in advance, in adult and pediatric traumatic brain injury patients. These results are a large step toward an early warning system for increased intracranial pressure that can be generally applied. Furthermore, the sparseness of this model that uses only two routinely monitored signals as inputs (intracranial pressure and mean arterial blood pressure) is an additional asset.
Psychometric Testing of the Self-care of Hypertension Inventory
Authors: Dickson Victoria Vaughan , Lee Christopher , Yehle Karen S. , Abel Willie M. , Riegel Barbara 
Published: September 2016

Background:
Hypertension (HTN) is a global public health issue. Self-care is an essential component of HTN treatment, but no instruments are available with which to measure self-care of HTN.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to test the psychometric properties of the Self-care of Hypertension Inventory (SC-HI).

Methods:
Using the Self-care of Chronic Illness theory, we developed a 24-item measure of maintenance, monitoring, and management appropriate for persons with chronic HTN, tested it for content validity, and then tested it in a convenience sample of 193 adults. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify measure structure. Cronbach's α and factor determinacy scores and were used to assess reliability. Validity was tested with the Medical Outcomes Study General Adherence Scale and the Decision Making Competency Inventory.

Results:
Seventy percent of the sample was female; mean age was 56.4 ± 13 years; mean duration of HTN was 11 ± 9 years. Removal of 1 item on alcohol consumption resulted in a unidimensional self-care maintenance factor with acceptable structure and internal consistency (α = .83). A multidimensional self-care management factor included “consultative” and “autonomous” factors (factor determinacy score = 0.75). A unidimensional confidence factor captured confidence in and persistence with each aspect of self-care (α = .83). All the self-care dimensions in the final 23-item instrument were associated with treatment adherence and several with decision making.

Conclusion:
These findings support the conceptual basis of self-care in patients with HTN as a process of maintenance, monitoring, and management. The SC-HI confidence scale is promising as a measure of self-efficacy in self-care.
Employment Status and Sick Leave After First-Time Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Implantation
Authors: Christensen Anne Vinggaard , Øhlers, BSc Anne Alexandrine , Zwisler Ann-Dorthe , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup , Berg Selina Kikkenborg 
Published: September 2016

Background:
In the Copenhagen Outpatient Programme–Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (COPE-ICD) Trial, a positive effect from a cost-saving, comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program was found on physical and mental health in patients with ICDs.

Objective:
In the context of the COPE-ICD Trial, the aims of this study is to investigate (a) employment status after ICD implantation, (b) the number of sick days related to ICD implantation, (c) differences in employment status and sick days between rehabilitation and usual care groups, and (d) predictors of employment status and sick leave.

Method:
Patients with first-time ICD implantation were randomized to comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation or usual care. One year after ICD implantation, patients answered questions about employment status and sick leave. Differences were tested using the Student t test and the χ
2 test. Predictors of employment status and sick leave were tested using logistic regression and linear regression models.

Result:
A total of 196 patients were randomized. The questionnaire was completed by 138 patients (70%). In total, 47% had worked before ICD implantation. After 1 year, 81% were still working and their mean (SD) number of sick days was 33.8 (58.3). Age 60 years or younger and secondary ICD indication were predictors of working after 1 year. Patients with secondary ICD indication had more sick days and patients who were not married had fewer sick days.

Conclusion:
Most patients who worked before ICD implantation returned to work after the ICD was placed. Those who were married and had an ICD for secondary prevention took more sick days after the ICD than did those without these characteristics. Those who were younger and have a secondary indication ICD were more likely to be working 1 year after ICD implantation.
Intestinal Organoids
Authors: Wallach Thomas E. , Bayrer James R. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe development of sustainable intestinal organoid cell culture has emerged as a new modality for the study of intestinal function and cellular processes. Organoid culture is providing a new testbed for therapeutic research and development. Intestinal organoids, self‐renewing 3‐dimensional structures comprised intestinal stem cells and their differentiated epithelial progeny allow for more facile and robust exploration of cellular activity, cell organization and structure, genetic manipulation, and vastly more physiologic modeling of intestinal response to stimuli as compared to traditional 2‐dimensional cell line cultures. Intestinal organoids are affecting a wide variety of research into gastrointestinal pathology. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current state‐of‐the‐art and future effect of research using enteroids and colonoids (organoids grown from the small and large intestines, respectively).
Symptom Management and Psychosocial Needs of Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia During Induction Treatment
Authors: Albrecht Tara A. , Boyiadzis Michael , Elswick R.K. , Starkweather Angela , Rosenzweig Margaret 
Published: September 2016

Background:
Patients with a new diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are at risk of experiencing a high symptom burden due to the disease and its treatment, which includes a long period of hospitalization.

Objective:
The aim of this pilot work was to describe the multidimensional symptoms and health-related quality of life experienced by patients with a new diagnosis of AML across induction chemotherapy.

Methods:
A prospective, longitudinal descriptive study design was implemented to evaluate symptoms and health-related quality of life at the time of enrollment through 6 weeks postdiagnosis and identify who might be most at risk of experiencing high symptom burden.

Results:
A total of 19 participants were included in this analysis. Moderate to severe levels of distress were present in 25% to 50% of participants, depending on timing in treatment. Females and those with a previous history of a psychological disorder reported higher symptom burden during treatment.

Conclusions:
Our findings indicate that adults with AML experience multiple distressing symptoms during the induction treatment.

Implications for Practice:
Timely routine multidimensional assessment of symptoms in individuals undergoing induction chemotherapy treatment for AML is critical as they may be experiencing multiple concurrent symptoms. Additional research to advance symptom assessment and amelioration of distressing symptoms to improve health-related quality of life is needed in this unique population.
DNA methylation landscape of ocular tissue relative to matched to peripheral blood
Authors: Hewitt Alex W , Januar Vania , Sexton-Oates Alexandra , Joo Jihoon E , Franchina Maria , Wang Jie Jin , Liang Helena , Craig Jamie E , Saffery Richard 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDEpigenetic variation is implicated in a range of non-communicable diseases, including those of the eye. However, investigating the role of epigenetic variation in ocular disease remains problematic as the degree of correlation in epigenetic profile between central (such as the brain or eye) and peripheral tissues (blood or saliva) within an individual remains largely unclear.METHODSMatched whole blood from the subclavian vein, and whole eyes (N=8) were obtained post-mortem. DNA was isolated from blood, neurosensory retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid and optic nerve tissue. DNA methylation profiling was performed using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 platform. Following standard quality control measures a total of 433,768 methylation values common to all samples were available for use in subsequent analysis.RESULTSUnsupervised hierarchical clustering and principal components analysis revealed tissue of origin as the main driver of variation within the dataset. Despite this, there was a strong correlation of methylation profiles between tissues within each individual. Over 255,000 CpG sites were found to have similar methylation levels (beta <0.2 or beta >0.8) across different tissues in the same individuals, with a further ~16,000 sites having similar methylation profiles across ocular tissues only. Only a small proportion of probes showing interindividual variation in blood, co-varied across blood and eye tissues within individuals.CONCLUSIONSAn improved understanding of the epigenetic landscape of the eye will have important ramifications for regenerative medicine and ongoing dissection of gene-environment interactions in eye disease. Despite a generally high correlation in methylation values irrespective of sample origin, tissue type is the major driver of methylation variation, with only limited covariation between blood and any specific ocular tissue. Caution is warranted when aiming to infer ocular tissue methylation status from blood samples.