bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy storage system for peak shaving
Authors: Chua Kein Huat , Lim Yun Seng , Morris Stella 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The main purpose of this study is to provide an effective sizing method and an optimal peak shaving strategy for an energy storage system to reduce the electrical peak demand of the customers. A cost-savings analytical tool is developed to provide a quick rule-of-thumb for customers to choose an appropriate size of energy storage for various tariff schemes.

Design/methodology/approach
– A novel sizing method is proposed to obtain the optimum size of energy storage for commercial and industrial customers based on their historical load profile. An algorithm is developed to determine the threshold level for peak shaving. One of the buildings at Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Malaysia, is chosen for this study. A three-phase energy storage system rated at 15 kVA is developed and connected to the low-voltage electrical network in the building. An adaptive control algorithm is developed and implemented to optimize the peak shaving.

Findings
– The sizing analysis shows that the customer under the C2 tariff rate yields the highest saving, followed by E2, C1 and E1. The experimental results presented indicate that the proposed adaptive control algorithm has effectively optimized the peak demand to be shaved.

Research limitations/implications
– This study demonstrates the potential of energy storage in reducing the peak demand and cost of electricity. One of the main challenges of real-time peak shaving is to determine an appropriate threshold level such that the energy stored in the energy storage system is sufficient during the peak shaving process.

Originality/value
– The originality of the paper is the optimal sizing method of the energy storage system based on the historical load profile and adaptive control algorithm to optimize the peak demand deduction.
The advertising standardisation debate revisited
Authors: Turnbull Sarah , Howe-Walsh Liza , Boulanouar Aisha 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to bridge the gap between previous examinations of advertising standardisation and consideration of Islamic ethics to develop a better understanding of how Islamic values influence global advertising strategy.Design/methodology/approach– This paper is based on a critical review of the literature. The paper presents a conceptual framework which considers both the environmental influences and Islamic ethics which need to be considered when developing advertising strategy in Middle East Islamic States.Findings– The authors assert the importance of considering Islamic ethics when planning advertising in the Islamic Middle East. In particular, six dominant ethical dimensions are provided for marketing scholars and practitioners to observe: unity (Tawheed),Iman(faith),Khilafah(trusteeship), Balance, Justice orAdland Free will.Research limitations/implications– The conceptual model presented provides a useful starting point to generate further academic debate and empirical verification.Originality/value– The paper extends our understanding of the influence of Islamic ethics on advertising and contributes to the wider marketing standardisation literature by considering religion as a key driver in the debate.
Religiosity moderates the relationship between ego-defensive function and attitude towards advertising
Authors: Kamalul Ariffin Shaizatulaqma , Ismail Ishak , Mohammad Shah Khairul Anuar 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– This paper aims to view the role of religiosity in moderating the relationship between ego-defensive function of Muslim consumers’ and attitude toward advertising of controversial product. There is a rising concern among Muslim consumers’ with regards to the halal status of many food outlets in Malaysia. This came out because many food operators do not understand what halal really means. Many of them are from Kopitiams food and beverages industry.

Design/methodology/approach
– Survey method was used for the purpose of data collection in April 2014, and quantitative approach has been used as well. This study applied functional theory of attitudes to support this framework. Respondents consisted of 375 Muslim consumers’ in Malaysia.

Findings
– The paper provides empirical insights about how religiosity moderates the relationship between ego-defensive function and consumer attitude toward advertising. Consumers with a high level of religiosity are more likely to respond less favorably toward the advertising, while consumers who have a low level of religiosity are more likely to respond more favorably toward the advertisement. In addition, it can be postulated that religiosity reduces negative effects of ego-defensive function.

Practical implications
– The fact that religious groups are more organized, equipped and motivated to register their concern, demands better understanding of such groups by marketers. To avoid any controversies, or potential business loss, a better understanding of what could ignite their reaction seems to be an appropriate preventive strategy.

Originality/value
– Only a few studies directly examined the influence of religion on marketing communication. The effects of religion on the advertising of controversial products remain largely unstudied to date. Therefore, this paper fills the gap in the research area.
Improving Medicare's Hospital Compare Mortality Model
Authors: Silber Jeffrey H. , Satopää Ville A. , Mukherjee Nabanita , Rockova Veronika , Wang Wei , Hill Alexander S. , Even‐Shoshan Orit , Rosenbaum Paul R. , George Edward I. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveTo improve the predictions provided by Medicare's Hospital Compare (HC) to facilitate better informed decisions regarding hospital choice by the public.Data Sources/SettingMedicare claims on all patients admitted for Acute Myocardial Infarction between 2009 through 2011.Study DesignCohort analysis using a Bayesian approach, comparing the present assumptions of HC (using a constant mean and constant variance for all hospital random effects), versus an expanded model that allows for the inclusion of hospital characteristics to permit the data to determine whether they vary with attributes of hospitals, such as volume, capabilities, and staffing. Hospital predictions are then created using directly standardized estimates to facilitate comparisons between hospitals.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsMedicare fee‐for‐service claims.Principal FindingsOur model that included hospital characteristics produces very different predictions from the current HC model, with higher predicted mortality rates at hospitals with lower volume and worse characteristics. Using Chicago as an example, the expanded model would advise patients against seeking treatment at the smallest hospitals with worse technology and staffing.ConclusionTo aid patients when selecting between hospitals, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) should improve the HC model by permitting its predictions to vary systematically with hospital attributes such as volume, capabilities, and staffing.
Evaluating structured assessment of anaesthesiologists' non‐technical skills
Authors: Jepsen R. M. H. G. , Dieckmann P. , Spanager L. , Lyk‐Jensen H. T. , Konge L. , Ringsted C. , Østergaard D. 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundNon‐technical skills (NTS) are essential for safe and efficient anaesthesia. Assessment instruments with appropriate validity evidence can be used to ensure that anaesthesiologists possess the NTS necessary to deliver high‐standard patient care. The aims were to collect validity evidence using a contemporary validity framework for the assessment instrument Anaesthesiologists’ Non‐Technical Skills in Denmark (ANTSdk) regarding response process and internal structure (including reliability), and to investigate the effect of rater training on these properties.MethodsAn explorative study was undertaken at the Danish Institute for Medical Simulation, Copenhagen, Denmark. In a 1‐day session, using ANTSdk, a convenience sample of 19 anaesthesiologists rated trainee anaesthesiologists’ NTS in nine video‐recorded simulation scenarios before and after a 3‐h training session.ResultsResponse process evidence: participants considered ANTSdk useful and feasible for NTS assessment. Internal structure evidence: inter‐rater reliability (single measures) largely expressed substantial agreement (ICC ≥ 0.55 and ICC ≥ 0.60 for pre‐ and post‐training ratings respectively). Strong internal consistency of ratings was found (Spearman's correlation coefficient ≥ 0.82). Accuracy of participants’ ratings compared with reference ratings (± 1 scale point) was notable (76% and 78% for pre‐ and post‐training ratings, respectively). The results indicate that the elements ‘Demonstrating self‐awareness’, ‘Reassessing decisions’, ‘Assessing competencies’, and ‘Supporting others’ need more attention in future rater training.ConclusionThe validity evidence collected on content, response process, and internal structure, suggests that ANTSdk is easy to use on video‐recorded simulation scenarios, indicating that ANTSdk is a feasible instrument for NTS assessment during anaesthesia training.
Scandinavian clinical practice guideline on fluid and drug therapy in adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Claesson J. , Freundlich M. , Gunnarsson I. , Laake J. H. , Møller M. H. , Vandvik P. O. , Varpula T. , Aasmundstad T. A. 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundThe objective of the Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (SSAI) task force on fluid and drug therapy in adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was to provide clinically relevant, evidence‐based treatment recommendations according to standards for trustworthy guidelines.MethodsThe guideline was developed according to standards for trustworthy guidelines, including a systematic review of the literature and use of the GRADE methodology for assessment of the quality of evidence and for moving from evidence to recommendations.ResultsA total of seven ARDS interventions were assessed. We suggest fluid restriction in patients with ARDS (weak recommendation, moderate quality evidence). Also, we suggest early use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) in patients with severe ARDS (weak recommendation, moderate quality evidence). We recommend against the routine use of other drugs, including corticosteroids, beta2 agonists, statins, and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) or prostanoids in adults with ARDS (strong recommendations: low‐ to high‐quality evidence). These recommendations do not preclude the use of any drug or combination of drugs targeting underlying or co‐existing disorders.ConclusionThis guideline emphasizes the paucity of evidence of benefit – and potential for harm – of common interventions in adults with ARDS and highlights the need for prudence when considering use of non‐licensed interventions in this patient population.
Granger causality reveals a dominant role of memory circuit in chronic opioid dependence
Authors: Zhang Yi , Li Qiang , Wen Xiaotong , Cai Weiwei , Li Guanya , Tian Jie , Zhang Yi Edi , Liu Jixin , Yuan Kai , Zhao Jizheng , Wang Wei , Zhou Zhenyu , Ding Mingzhou , Gold Mark S. , Liu Yijun , Wang Gene‐Jack 
Published: March 2016

AbstractResting‐state magnetic resonance imaging has uncovered abnormal functional connectivity in heroin‐dependent individuals (HDIs). However, it remains unclear how brain regions implicated in addictions are related in baseline state without conditioned cues in heroin dependent individuals during opioid maintenance treatment (HDIs‐OMT). Previous connectivity analysis assessed the strength of correlated activity between brain regions but lacked the ability to infer directional neural interactions. In the current study, we employed Granger causality analysis to investigate directional causal influences among the brain circuits in HDIs‐OMT and non‐opioid users. The results revealed a weaker effective connectivity between the caudate nucleus implicated in mediating the reward circuit and other brain regions and also a weaker connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex implicated in mediating inhibitory control. Conversely, HDIs‐OMT exhibited stronger effective connectivity between the hippocampus and amygdala implicated in mediating learning‐memory, and the anterior cingulate cortex involved in mediating inhibitory control while the putamen mediated learned habits, suggesting that the hippocampus and amygdala may propel the memory circuit to override the control circuit and drive the learned habit in HDIs‐OMT. Alterations in learning‐memory and inhibitory control may contribute jointly and form a basis for relapse risk even after a period of heroin abstinence. Sustained neural effect of opioid dependence on methadone maintenance including hyperactivation in the memory circuit and impairment in the control circuit support the role of the memory circuitry in relapse and may help redefine targets for treatment.
Toll‐like receptor 2 gene polymorphisms in Korean women with human papillomavirus‐related cervical neoplasia
Authors: Kim Jin Hwi , Key Eun Young , Song Min Jong , Lee Sung Jong , Kim Chan Joo , Hur Soo Young , Park Tae Chul , Kim Tae Gyu , Park Jong Sup 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the association between Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2) gene polymorphisms and human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related cervical neoplasia in Korean women.Material and methodsPeripheral blood samples collected from 127 patients with HPV‐related cervical neoplasia and 175 healthy women were genotyped for the TLR2 −16934, +1350, intron1, and 3′ untranslated region (UTR) polymorphisms using the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism method.ResultsThe TLR2 −16934 A/A, intron1 A/A, and +1350 T/C genotypes were more frequent in patients than in controls [odds ratio (OR) = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.302–3.475, p = 0.002; OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.168–3.169, p = 0.010; and OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.211–3.123, p = 0.006, respectively]. The frequencies of the TLR2 + 1350 C and 3′UTR G alleles were also higher in patients (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.236–3.121, p = 0.004 and OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.005–3.076, p = 0.046, respectively). The genotype frequencies of TLR2 −16934 A/A and intron1 A/A increased with increasing oncogenic risk of the HPV genotype, as follows. low‐risk type < high‐risk type < HPV‐16 and/or HPV‐18 type (p = 0.008).ConclusionsOur study provides the first evidence that TLR2 gene polymorphisms are associated with high‐risk type HPV‐related cervical neoplasia and may play an important role in susceptibility to HPV infection. Further large‐scale and functional studies are needed to confirm the role of TLR2 gene polymorphisms in HPV‐related cervical neoplasia.
Effects of dietary oil blend on fatty acid composition, oxidative stability and physicochemical properties of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle in goats
Authors: Adeyemi Kazeem Dauda , Sabow Azad Behnan , Abubakar Ahmed , Samsudin Anjas Asmara , Sazili Awis Qurni 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis study examined the effects of dietary blend of 80% canola oil and 20% palm oil (BCPO) on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant status, oxidative stability and fatty acid composition of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle from goats during chill storage. Over a 14‐week feeding trial, 24 Boer bucks were randomly assigned to and supplemented with diets containing 0, 4 or 8% BCPO on a dry matter basis, slaughtered and the LTL was subjected to a 7 day chill storage. Neither diet nor post mortem ageing influenced (P > 0.05) antioxidant enzyme activities, chemical composition and cholesterol. Diet had no effect on the carbonyl content, free thiol content, water‐holding capacity, tenderness, pH and glycogen. Oil‐supplemented goats had higher (P < 0.05) C18:1 trans‐11, C18:3n‐3 and C20:5n‐3, carotenoid, tocopherol and redness, and lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values than the control goats. Post mortem ageing decreased (P < 0.05) shear force and oxidative stability of chevon. No significant (P > 0.05) changes were found in the proportion of individual fatty acids throughout storage. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decreased while total saturated fatty acids increased as storage progressed. Dietary BCPO enhanced n‐3 PUFA without compromising the quality attributes of chevon.
FDI, SECTORAL OUTPUT AND REAL EXCHANGE RATE DYNAMICS UNDER FINANCIAL OPENNESS
Authors: Lartey Emmanuel K.K. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper adopts an alternative approach to the study of the impact of capital inflow on the real exchange rate by foremost, analysing the effect of FDI inflow on the ratio of tradables to nontradables, and then estimating the relationship between the tradable‐nontradable ratio and the real exchange rate, while accounting for the role of financial openness. Based on data for a group of developing countries, the findings show that an increase in FDI inflow is associated with a decrease in the tradable‐nontradable ratio, and that an increase in the tradable‐nontradable ratio leads to a depreciation of the real exchange rate; this effect being greater with an increase in financial openness. This suggests that an increase in FDI inflow could result in an expansion of the nontradable sector, which would be associated with a greater appreciation of the real exchange rate under a higher level of financial openness.
Correlation between siblings in caries in Norway. A quantitative study
Authors: Dobloug Andreas , Grytten Jostein 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe role of the family for caries between siblings has been a focus for researchers for almost 100 years. However, the contribution of the family to the variation in caries has not been determined.ObjectivesTo estimate the correlation between siblings in caries, and to investigate whether this varied according to number of siblings, mother's level of education, marital status and country of birth.MethodsThe population included families with two or more siblings, altogether 409 766 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years, and 181 551 mothers. Data on caries were from electronic dental journals, which were merged with data from Statistics Norway about the characteristics of the mothers. The analyses were performed using random‐effects regression, in which separate regressions were run for the extent of the carious lesion. Caries was scored for permanent teeth only. Mothers were used to identify siblings within families. The correlation between siblings in caries was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient.ResultsThe proportion of the variance in the outcome measures that was due to between‐family variability was in the range 13–29%. The intraclass correlation coefficients from the analyses of the subpopulations that described the characteristics of the mothers were fairly similar to the ICCs as estimated on the whole population.ConclusionWe identified a fairly strong family effect, which confirms that the family is an important arena in which the dental health of the children is formed. An improvement in dental health for one of the siblings was associated with a positive effect on the dental health of the other sibling, and vice versa.
A Bootstrapping Model of Frequency and Context Effects in Word Learning
Authors: Kachergis George , Yu Chen , Shiffrin Richard M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPrior research has shown that people can learn many nouns (i.e., word–object mappings) from a short series of ambiguous situations containing multiple words and objects. For successful cross‐situational learning, people must approximately track which words and referents co‐occur most frequently. This study investigates the effects of allowing some word‐referent pairs to appear more frequently than others, as is true in real‐world learning environments. Surprisingly, high‐frequency pairs are not always learned better, but can also boost learning of other pairs. Using a recent associative model (Kachergis, Yu, & Shiffrin, 2012), we explain how mixing pairs of different frequencies can bootstrap late learning of the low‐frequency pairs based on early learning of higher frequency pairs. We also manipulate contextual diversity, the number of pairs a given pair appears with across training, since it is naturalistically confounded with frequency. The associative model has competing familiarity and uncertainty biases, and their interaction is able to capture the individual and combined effects of frequency and contextual diversity on human learning. Two other recent word‐learning models do not account for the behavioral findings.
Semantic Coherence Facilitates Distributional Learning
Authors: Ouyang Long , Boroditsky Lera , Frank Michael C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractComputational models have shown that purely statistical knowledge about words’ linguistic contexts is sufficient to learn many properties of words, including syntactic and semantic category. For example, models can infer that “postman” and “mailman” are semantically similar because they have quantitatively similar patterns of association with other words (e.g., they both tend to occur with words like “deliver,” “truck,” “package”). In contrast to these computational results, artificial language learning experiments suggest that distributional statistics alone do not facilitate learning of linguistic categories. However, experiments in this paradigm expose participants to entirely novel words, whereas real language learners encounter input that contains some known words that are semantically organized. In three experiments, we show that (a) the presence of familiar semantic reference points facilitates distributional learning and (b) this effect crucially depends both on the presence of known words and the adherence of these known words to some semantic organization.
Non‐Arbitrariness in Mapping Word Form to Meaning: Cross‐Linguistic Formal Markers of Word Concreteness
Authors: Reilly Jamie , Hung Jinyi , Westbury Chris 
Published: March 2016

AbstractArbitrary symbolism is a linguistic doctrine that predicts an orthogonal relationship between word forms and their corresponding meanings. Recent corpora analyses have demonstrated violations of arbitrary symbolism with respect to concreteness, a variable characterizing the sensorimotor salience of a word. In addition to qualitative semantic differences, abstract and concrete words are also marked by distinct morphophonological structures such as length and morphological complexity. Native English speakers show sensitivity to these markers in tasks such as auditory word recognition and naming. One unanswered question is whether this violation of arbitrariness reflects an idiosyncratic property of the English lexicon or whether word concreteness is a marked phenomenon across other natural languages. We isolated concrete and abstract English nouns (N = 400), and translated each into Russian, Arabic, Dutch, Mandarin, Hindi, Korean, Hebrew, and American Sign Language. We conducted offline acoustic analyses of abstract and concrete word length discrepancies across languages. In a separate experiment, native English speakers (N = 56) with no prior knowledge of these foreign languages judged concreteness of these nouns (e.g., Can you see, hear, feel, or touch this? Yes/No). Each naïve participant heard pre‐recorded words presented in randomized blocks of three foreign languages following a brief listening exposure to a narrative sample from each respective language. Concrete and abstract words differed by length across five of eight languages, and prediction accuracy exceeded chance for four of eight languages. These results suggest that word concreteness is a marked phenomenon across several of the world's most widely spoken languages. We interpret these findings as supportive of an adaptive cognitive heuristic that allows listeners to exploit non‐arbitrary mappings of word form to word meaning.