bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Anti-spike and Neutralizing Antibody Response Against SARS-CoV-2 after Covishield and CovaxinTM Vaccination
Authors: Athavale Prachi V. , Tripathy Srikanth P. , Kakrani Arjun L. , Bhawalkar Jitendra S. , Chavan Hanumant , Suryawanshi Poonam , Patil-Takbhate Bhagyashri R. , Deshpande Nitin A. , Gandhi Madhura , Pawale-Bhingardive Sujata S. , Patil Bhagyashri K. , Jali Priyanka , Kakad Dhanashri 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
This study was conducted to determine total and neutralizing antibody (nAb) titer in individuals at an interval of 2 and 6 months after primary vaccination and after 1 month after administration of booster dose.

Materials and Methods:
A serum sample was collected from 72 volunteers who were vaccinated with either the Covishield or CovaxinTM vaccine for quantitative estimation of human anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and nAb. nAb against SARS-CoV-2 was detected by GenScript (New Jersey, USA) and was quantitatively estimated by in-house developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results:
Out of 72 study participants, 62.5% and 37.5% were male and female, respectively, and were in the age group of 21–83 years. About 94.44% of study volunteers were vaccinated with the CovishieldTM vaccine. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were observed in 7.5% of volunteers. The average time interval between two doses of study vaccination was 37 days. Sixty-seven (93.18%), 50 (69.3%), and 69 (96.8%) (N = 72) volunteers elicited good nAb response at the end of 2 months, 6 months, and 1 month post-booster dose vaccination, respectively.

Conclusion:
Rapid nAb reaction to Spike protein development correlates with viral immunity for Covishield vaccine recipients. Due to the availability of limited data for the CovaxinTM vaccine, we are unable to compare the effectiveness of the two vaccinations, and we are also unable to analyze the vaccine’s efficacy.
Evaluation of the Effect of Drug Promotional Literature on Prescribing Pattern using WHO Prescribing Indicators and Other Relevant Parameters
Authors: Dabhade Sanjay A. , Rane Bhalchandra T. , Dabhade Sangeeta S. , Tilak Abhijeet V. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Medicines are an integral part of health. It becomes essential to promote rational drug use. The relationship between doctors and the pharmaceutical industry has gained increasing attention recently. So there are chances that detailing activities by pharmaceutical representatives may lead to an undesirable effect on the prescribing pattern of doctors, like polypharmacy and use of fixed drug combinations; hence this study was planned to evaluate the effect of evaluation of the effect of drug promotional literature on prescribing using WHO prescribing indicators (DPL) on the prescribing pattern of doctors.

Setting and Design:
This prospective observational cross-sectional study was performed in a medical college and tertiary care center in Maharashtra.

Materials and Methods:
30 DPL and 10 prescriptions from each doctor were collected. Such total of 3000 DPL and 1000 prescriptions were collected from 100 doctors.

Statistical Analysis:
The prescriptions and DPL were analyzed together, and information was entered in Microsoft Excel; the parameters were calculated in percentage.

Results:
This study highlighted that drugs prescribed by generic name were 3.36%, the percentage of antibiotics prescribed was 27.37%, and the percentage of prescriptions containing medicines from the essential medicine list (EML) or formulary was 44.07%. In this study, 27.9% of drugs in the prescriptions were those drugs that are advertised in the DPL.

Conclusion:
Polypharmacy, prescribing drugs by brand names, drugs out of national list of essential medicine, use of more fixed drug combinations (FDC), antibiotics, and nutritional supplements could be attributed to the effect of DPL on the prescribing pattern. Hence it could be said that there is an association between a greater reliance on the promotion of medicines by the pharmaceutical companies and inappropriate prescribing patterns.
Five-year Retrospective Study of Pathological Findings in Medico-legal Autopsies in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Sajitha K , Aithal A Vibha , Bhat Shubha 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Autopsies help in identifying the cause and time of death and also in ascertaining or confirming the medical diagnosis where it was unclear or unknown prior to death.

Materials and Method:
A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on the medico-legal autopsies done over a period 5 years in the Department of Pathology in a tertiary care hospital. Only those autopsy cases were studied for which specimens were sent for histopathological examination. There were a total of 234 cases included in the study.

Result:
A total of 730 organ specimens were studied, the major organs studied were lung – 135 (18.49%), followed by liver – 120 (16.44%), heart – 111 (15.21%), and kidney – 91 (12.46%). The commonest finding in the lung was pulmonary edema in 37 cases. The commonest finding in the heart was atherosclerosis in 37 cases. In kidneys, the most frequent finding was acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in 26 cases. A few incidental and unexpected findings were also noted these included tumors, infections, and inflammatory conditions. The tumors that were seen were squamous cell carcinoma, lung, prostatic adenocarcinoma, thymoma, leiomyoma, and hemangioma. Another interesting finding was giant cell myocarditis in a patient who was on treatment for schizophrenia and had been recently started on tab. Clozapine and died within 24hours of developing acute breathlessness and chest discomfort.
Depression and Cognitive Function in Accordance with the Nutritional Status of Elderly Women Residing in Rajarhat-Newtown Area of Kolkata, India
Authors: Ghosh Joyeta , Shakil Somaiya , Singh Khusboo , Mandal Simantini 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The nutritional status of elderly persons is reported to be affected by depression and cognitive function. The most prevalent psychological issue in old age is depression, and cognitive decline is also seen in this age range.

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to establish the relationship between nutritional status, depression scale, and cognitive function in older women.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 250 older women participated in a cross-sectional study (residing at Rajarhat-Newtown area). The lengthy version of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment tool (MNA®) was used to evaluate the participants’ nutritional status. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS 30) was used to evaluate the severity of the depression. Using the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination, cognitive function was assessed. Using SPSS software, the Chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient were computed. Multinominal logistic regression model was used by taking nutritional status as dependent variable while depression and cognitive function as independent variables.

Results:
Participants with mild depression made up about 50.8% and those with severe depression made up 9.2%. Age-related cognitive function was found to be severely impaired in 1.6% and mild or moderate impairment was found in 70.4% of older women. A multinominal logistic regression model validated the finding that there was a significant relationship between dietary status and both depression and cognitive performance (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Both depression and impairment in cognitive function can cause malnutrition or vice versa among older women.
The Present Scenario and Management Strategies of Pediatric Appendicitis
Authors: Roy Sourav , Purkait Radheshyam , Mondal Tuhin S. , Halder Pankaj K. , Halder Imon , Siraj Aatif 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Despite contemporary discussion on the clinical presentation, imaging studies, indications of appendicectomy, and the best available approach, a diagnostic delay due to atypical presentations of appendicitis in preschool children is the current main cause of morbidity or mortality. Our aim is to reevaluate the present scenario of pediatric appendicitis and management strategies in our institution.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted with hospital records of 128 patients (below the age of 12 years) with appendicitis, who were managed (surgically or conservatively) in our institute during the last five years. Basic demographic data, presenting symptoms, radiological findings, mode of intervention, records of perioperative hospital care, and outcome were cumulated and inspected.

Results:
Among 128 cases, 37 (28.9%) had complications at presentation. Complicated appendicitis was more consistent with younger and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) at presentation. For 48 patients (37.5%), laparoscopic surgery was used; open surgery was performed in the other cases. Both open and laparoscopic surgeries had a similar rate of postoperative complications. Compared to laparoscopy, the open approach sometimes required longer hospital stays (97 hours vs 64 hours). Patients with appendicular perforation or abscess had 1.37- and 1.33-fold higher chance of requiring to stay in the hospital for more than 72 hours, respectively. There were found to be 3.83 and 8.33 times higher odds for the same patients to be readmitted within 28 days of surgery due to complications.

Conclusion:
Appendicular perforation or abscess occurs in every fourth child. A raised CRP at admission highly predicted the complicated appendicitis. Complicated appendicitis consistently increases hospital stay and readmission rates. Postoperative complication rates are more or less the same with either open or laparoscopy except for the duration of the hospital stay (more in open surgery).
Biological Fixation of AC Joint using Autologous Semitendinosus Graft in Acute Type III-VI Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations—A Pilot Study
Authors: Shukla Ashish K. , Thulasidharan V. P. , Pande Ashish , Mishra Anil K. , Dwivedi Aditya 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Injuries to the acromioclavicular (AC) joint can range from modest, transient pain to significant displacement, chronic pain, and shoulder biomechanical changes that result in long-term disability.

Aim and Objective:
We aimed to evaluate the functional outcome of anatomical reconstruction of ACJ using autologous semitendinosus graft in type III-VI AC joint dislocations.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, 20 patients with AC joint dislocation (Rockwood type III-VI) were managed by surgical fixation using autologous semitendinosus graft from November 01, 2019, to October 31, 2020, at our center. After providing written informed consent, the study enrolled patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria. Preoperative, three-month, and six-month UCLA shoulder scores were assessed.

Results:
Mean age of participants was 36.5 years (SD: 9.86). Radiological evaluation at each visit suggested a 100.0% success rate of this method. 95% of the participants had no complications, while 5.0% had DVT. No participants had SSI.

Conclusions:
Autologous semitendinosus graft fixation of type III-VI AC joint injuries is a viable surgical option with the advantages of being a biological fixation, single surgery, and having excellent functional outcomes. However, extensive multicentric comparative studies are required to draw definitive conclusions.
Estimation of the Factors Affecting Breast Compression Parameters in Mammography
Authors: Pires Tancia , Shetty Shashi Kumar , Shajila S , Shetty Shraddha 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Breast cancer which has a high mortality rate is now known to decrease due to early detection with the advent of digital mammography screening. During mammography, compression of the breast is highly variable. However, various factors that affect the amount of compression force applied have not been studied thoroughly. Hence, the aim of our study is to enumerate the factors affecting the variability in the applied compression force during mammography.

Methods:
Data related to breast compression force applied, breast composition, size, and compressed breast thickness along with the details about the technologists who performed the study on each patient were collected from 323 patients who underwent mammography. Intertechnologist variability in compression force application was evaluated using Fisher’s exact test and associations between other factors with respect to breast compression force were established using analysis of variance and linear regression models.

Results:
A positive correlation between the compression force and the age, breast composition, compressed breast thickness, and breast size was obtained. Technologists’ years of experience were also positively related to the applied compression force.

Conclusions:
This study provides evidence of the fact that compression application should be varied as per the requirement with respect to the patient’s breast structure, only then can we acquire images with high quality and high diagnostic value, thus reducing recall rates. It also shows that the compression force applied in this study was much lower than those applied in other countries like the UK, US, Netherlands, Norway, etc., which could mean that there is a need to increase the force applied.
Profile and Outcome of Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Yellow Phosphorus Poisoning
Authors: Ravichandran Raj C. A. , Abishek N. , Jayakaran Jonathan A. J. , Jambugulam Mohan , Goel Ashish , Eapen C. E. , Abhilash Kundavaram P. P. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Yellow phosphorus-containing rodenticide poisoning as a means of deliberate self-harm is being widely encountered in South India. Hence, a comprehensive study delineating its profile and patient outcome is required to implement measures to control the persistent threat.

Materials and Methods:
This is a single-center, retrospective observational study of all patients presenting to the emergency department with a history of consumption of yellow phosphorus rodenticide poisoning between 2014 and 2020. Institutional review board approval was obtained before commencement.

Results:
During the study period, 164 patients who presented with consumption of yellow phosphorous were included in the analysis. The mean age with standard deviation of patients was 27.5 (10.6) years, with a female preponderance (87/164: 53.1%). N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was administered in 87.2% (143/164), and its administration within 48 h of poison consumption showed a significant correlation with good outcomes (72.3% vs. 50%; OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.18–0.80; P-value = 0.012). Altered sensorium, hypoxemia, transaminitis, hyperbilirubinemia, and hypoalbuminemia had significant correlations with bad outcomes. The in-hospital mortality rate was 9.7% (16/164), and 21.4% (35/164) of the patients left against medical advice.

Conclusion:
Yellow phosphorous poisoning is associated with significant mortality. NAC given within 48 h of patient presentation had a significant correlation with good outcomes.
Knowledge and Practices Related to Research Misconduct among Healthcare Researchers in India: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pundhir Ashish , Kushwaha Poonam , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Gupta Manoj K. , Goel Akhil D. , Joshi Nitin K. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Practices known to harm the integrity of scientific and medical research during planning, conduct, documentation, and reporting are termed as research misconduct. It is an unfortunate, prevalent reality of the research world. In the present study, we tried to assess the knowledge about research misconduct, its determinants, observed practices of research misconduct among healthcare practitioners, level of satisfaction with the order of authorship in one’s published manuscript, and their views for action to be taken against those involved in research misconduct in our institution.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study recruited eligible participants (Faculty Members and Senior Residents of Medical, Dental, and Nursing Professionals) through one-to-one interviews and web-based platforms. Data analysis was conducted by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 23(SPSS-23).

Result:
Of the 356 participants, around 60% had complete knowledge about research misconduct, and 74.2% had observed research misconduct in their workplace at some point in time. There was no association between correct knowledge about research misconduct and the type of healthcare researchers, awareness of the International Committee of Journal of Medical Ethics (ICJME), and training on good clinical practices. 54.8% of the participants considered those involved in research misconduct should not be permitted to be co-guide and guide of students.

Conclusion:
Training of healthcare researchers on publication ethics and good clinical practice guidelines seems to improve knowledge about research misconduct. Further, stringent action should be taken against those who conduct research misconduct.
Iron Deficiency Anemia among Sanitation Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yadav Varsha , Jain Priyanka , Gupta Sunil , Sharma Sonali 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) has been the main cause of the health burden in India over the past decade. The aim of the present study was to examine the iron status and prevalence of iron deficiency anemia using biochemical markers among sanitation workers working at a tertiary healthcare center.

Methodology:
This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 80 sanitation workers for a period of 18 months (age 31–40 years). Dietary intake patterns were collected through the structured questionnaires. Blood samples were analyzed for complete blood count, serum iron level and unsaturated iron binding capacity, and ferritin. Total iron binding capacity and percentage transferrin saturation were calculated. Stool samples were screened for intestinal helminthic ova and cysts of intestinal protozoa.

Results:
Of the 80 sanitation workers, IDA was found in 38.7%; out of this, mild anemia was found in 16 (20%) participants, while 11.3% and 7.5% participants had moderate and severe anemia, respectively. Higher plasma sTfR levels were observed in women with severe iron depletion than in those with iron sufficiency (median 17.6 versus 15.5 nmol/L; P = 0.001). A statistically significant positive correlation between hemoglobin and serum iron, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation was found. Hemoglobin was positively correlated with white blood cells, red blood cells, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the presence of mild IDA among sanitary workers and lower levels of iron intake than the recommended dietary allowance.
Acquisition of English Language with the Aid of ICT
Authors: Dr. Neeli Ramesh  
Published: September 2024

Technology is reshaping and reconstructing the patterns of social inter-dependence and every aspects of personal life of the users. Teaching and learning of today have moved from instructivism to constructivism. Constructivism demands more effective use of ICT and the technology is an embodiment of practice of constructivism. It has changed the way the teacher teaches and the way the learner learns. The important term of this paper that is Language acquisition stands for learning a language without making any deliberate or conscious effort. It gives the chance of liberal expression of learners’ views and solving the problems through it. The pedagogical experience being gained currently brings out clearly the didactic potential of modern technology in the intensification of second language teaching. Technology integration into the curriculum not only enhances the learners’ progress in terms of creativity but also paves the way for professional development for teachers as well as with its various tools of technology enhances the language learning. The present paper attempts to present the views on how the Information Communication Technology (ICT) is useful in the effective language acquisition using its wide range of digital tools and gadgets in a smart way.
Trunk Flexor and Extensor Muscle Strength Capacity in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Unver Fatma , Gur Kabul Elif , Buke Meryem , Unver Bayram 
Published: September 2024

Objective: Generating reference values of trunk muscle strength is of value for specific age groups and gender in every society. The aim of this study was to define flexor and extensor muscle strength of the trunk and the flexion/extension ratio in healthy individuals.
Materials and Methods: Hundred and two healthy individuals were included in this study. Isokinetic concentric strength of trunk flexor (Flex) and extensor (Ext) muscles of the participants were measured via an isokinetic dynamometer. Tests were performed at speeds of 60°/s and 180°/s. Maximum strength was characterized with peak torque (PT) (Flexabs, Extabs; N·m), peak torque normalized to body weight (PTNBW) (Flexnorm, Extnorm; N·m·kgbw-1), and Flexabs/Extabs ratio.
Results: For angular velocity of 600/s, PT and PTNBW of flex and ext strength were higher in men; while for angular velocity of 1800/s, PTNBW of flex and ext strength were higher in women (p<0.05). Extensor strength for 600/s and 1800/s angular velocities yielded lower values than flexor strength in both genders. The Flexabs/Extabs ratios were 1.67±0.62 for 600/s and 4.93±4.60 for 1800/s.
Conclusion: Trunk extensor strength was higher than flexor strength in men and women at 600/s and 1800/s angular velocities. In this study, the ratio of Flexabs/Extabs was not within the accepted range in non-active adults and there was no difference between men and women, indicating that muscle strength is not sufficient in this population. The data of this study can be used as a comparison parameter in future studies to get normative data, or common values in healthy individuals aged 18-30.
Monitoring SoD-controles; een oplossing voor complexe autorisatiestructuren in SAP?
Authors: Koetsier Lieke-Rosa 
Published: September 2024

Het autorisatieconcept van SAP ECC en SAP S4 is complex, en veel bedrijven hebben moeite om dit op een effectieve manier in te richten. Hierdoor is het vaak niet duidelijk of de essentiële functiescheidingen wel op orde zijn, die traditioneel worden afgedwongen door autorisaties. Om meer inzicht te verkrijgen in de ingerichte functiescheiding, wordt echter steeds vaker gekeken naar controles op uitgevoerde acties dan naar ingerichte autorisaties, omdat ingerichte autorisaties moeilijk inzichtelijk te maken zijn. SAP biedt verschillende producten met deze functionaliteiten aan om hun klanten te ondersteunen bij deze monitoring. Dit artikel onderzoekt het effect van het (gedeeltelijk) vervangen van autorisaties door monitoring SoD-controles, de hieraan verbonden voordelen en risico’s en welk type monitoring SoD-controle het meest bruikbaar is in welke situatie.
Hiertoe is literatuuronderzoek gedaan en er zijn interviews gehouden met verschillende professionals in dit vakgebied, onder wie medewerkers van SAP.