bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The electromagnetic field of a circular parallel plate capacitor excited by an AC current and AC voltage supply
Authors: Han Shejiao , He Jiaqi , Li Cunzhi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the electromagnetic field (EMF) distribution of an ideal circular parallel plate capacitor excited by a time-harmonic power source. Considering the lead wire and capacitor as a charged whole, we formulate the boundary value problems of the Helmholtz equation for the EMF in the lead wire space and capacitor space, respectively. First, we solve for the EMF generated by the total current in the lead wire space of an AC current. Following this, we solve for the EMF boundary value problem of a capacitor filled with linear, uniform, isotropic, and non-magnetic lossy dielectric under an AC current excitation, using the continuity of the total current as a basis. Second, the EMF distributions in the capacitor space and the lead wire space under an AC voltage excitation are provided, following the principles of the generalized Helmholtz theorem. Third, the EMF distribution is discussed when the electromagnetic ‘standing-wave phenomenon’ occurs in the ideal dielectric capacitor, and identify the ‘resonance phenomenon’ and the ‘current-stopping phenomenon’ of the capacitor's EMF when excited by an AC current and AC voltage, respectively. We also present the corresponding ‘resonance frequency’ and ‘current-stopping frequency’. Finally, we explore the quasi-stable solution of the capacitor's EMF under low-frequency condition and the static solutions of the electric and magnetic fields under DC excitation and static voltage excitation. Our findings suggest that the existing formula for the capacitor's EMF approximates our analytical solution under quasi-stable condition.
Electric trucks pantograph-catenary interaction condition monitoring method based on semantic segmentation network and linear fitting
Authors: Li Fan , Chen Zhichao , Yang Jie , Feng Zhicheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The pantograph-catenary system (PCS) in dual-source electric trucks is crucial for maintaining a stable connection to the power grid, which directly impacts power quality. Ensuring reliable contact between the pantograph and catenary requires accurate detection of the contact point (CPT). However, existing CPT detection methods designed for trains are not well-suited for electric trucks due to differences in structural design. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel CPT detection method that integrates semantic segmentation and linear fitting techniques. Firstly, we introduce a lightweight Pantograph and Contact Line Segmentation Network (PCSN), which accurately extracts the regions of the pantograph and contact line. Secondly, a position correction algorithm combined with a least-squares linear fitting technique is employed to detect the CPT of electric trucks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a detection error within ±5 pixels. In terms of processing speed, it reaches 76.9 FPS on an RTX 3080 GPU, 47.13 FPS on an Intel I9-12900 CPU, and 11.63 FPS on an embedded Jetson TX2 device.
THz biosensing for early detection of influenza and coronaviruses using dielectric metamaterials
Authors: Patri Upender , Kumar Amarjit 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The world has faced a significant challenge since December 2019, when coronavirus (COVID-19) was found. Viruses of this type are causing pandemics all over the world right now. For this purpose, a biosensor is designed to operate based on metamaterial (MM) incorporated and can detect different coronaviruses. The proposed metamaterial absorber (MMA) includes two bands with perfect absorption characteristics and a narrow absorption bandwidth: 4.093 THz and 3.647 THz. The circuit model’s transmission line technique is another approach to verifying the absorber’s functionality. The proposed design consists of a square-shaped graphene ring (SGR) and a silicon-based square ring resonator (SSRR) to provide unique and narrow band absorption characteristics. Changing the graphene’s chemical potential suggests MMA tuneability and control capability. The suggested MMA can detect several coronaviruses because of its extremely narrow absorption spectrum behavior. It has unique features such as ultra-narrow absorption bandwidth, polarization insensitivity, and simplicity. The MMA is designed with a compact structure, good sensitivity (s), exceptional figure of Merit (FOM), and superior Quality factor (Q) values.
Metal-to-insulator phase transition of molybdenum oxide for reversible writing and erasing information encryption
Authors: Zhao Jianxing , Zhou Yao , Zhang Gong , Zhou Jianhong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recent research on structural color manipulation is focusing on integrating phase change material (PCM) in plasmonic structures. Commonly reported PCM integrated plasmonic structures can only achieve information manipulation by switching images between different colors. In this paper, we have reported a theoretical design of reversibly switching colored information between visible and invisible simply using a MoOx based two layered structure. In our design, the MoOx layer can be switched between two phases, i.e., metallic MoO2 and insulating MoO3. The phase transition of MoOx possesses very complicated processes, which makes it advantageous for information encryption. Generally, in the proposed structure with metallic MoO2, various colors can be generated due to the F-P enhanced absorption at wavelengths where construction interference occurs. However, owing to the low loss of insulating MoO3 in visible region, the absorption is low though out the whole visible region. Thus all colors can be erased to white. Therefore, the colored information can be written and erased with our proposed structure by switching MoOx between metallic MoO2 and insulating MoO3. Utilizing the designed structure, we presented two kinds of devices possessing the functions of image ‘writing and erasing’ to verify the possibility of application in information encryption. The proposed image encryption device can be acquired easily by masking and coating processes. We believe our results provides a new way in designing encryption devices.
Effects of anode geometry on DC magnetron sputtering of copper oxide films deposition
Authors: Kakwan Athar Mumtaz , Ali Syed Rizwan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Effects of anode shape are examined in a custom-made DC magnetron sputtering system. Polycrystalline copper-oxide (CuO) films are deposited using wedge, ring and disc shaped anodes. Current–voltage (I-V) characteristics of the discharge were fitted with models of plasma discharge. Above 700 V a notable rise in average plasma impedance, from approximately 2 kΩ to 7 kΩ, was observed. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images reveal uniform and porous film growth. The deposition increased significantly with increasing the anode surface area due to decrease in gas density in cathode sheath. For all the anode shapes tested, the deposition rates were higher in magnetron sputtering compared to DC sputtering mode. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the films deposited with the disk anode revealed polycrystalline films with predominant CuO phase. With increasing sputtering power, average crystallite size vary from 11 nm to 21 nm, dislocation density vary from approximately

8.4
×

10

−
3

nm−2 to

2.3
×

10

−
3

nm−2 and micro strain from approximately

3.3
×

10

−
3

to

1.7
×

10

−
3

.

This indicate that higher sputtering at higher powers produce higher quality films. Atomic force microscopy revealed that the rms roughness of the samples is about 4 nm.
Cosmological Bell tests with decoherence effects
Authors: Sou Chon Man , Wang Junqi , Wang Yi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The inflationary universe creates particle pairs, which are entangled in their momenta due to momentum conservation. Operators involving the momenta of the fluctuations can be rewritten into pseudo-spin operators, such as the Gour-Khanna-Mann-Revzen (GKMR) pseudo-spin. Making use of these pseudo-spin operators, cosmological Bell inequalities can be formulated. The violation of these Bell inequalities indicates the quantum nature of primordial fluctuations.

In this work, we focus on primordial curvature perturbations. Since curvature perturbations arise from gravity, their action includes the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term. We clarify the role of the boundary term in selecting suitable initial conditions for linear perturbations.

After that, we proceed to the interactions of cosmological perturbations, including the bulk and boundary interaction terms, which introduce decoherence effects. These decoherence effects change the expectation value of the Bell operator, and gradually restore the Bell inequality. We describe this process by a “Bell test curve”, which offers a window around 5 e-folds for testing the quantum origin of cosmological perturbations. We also explore the possibility of extracting the information of the decoherence rate and the structure of primordial interactions from the Bell test curve.
Implications of in-ice volume scattering for radio-frequency neutrino experiments
Authors: Nozdrina A. , Besson D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Over the last three decades, several experimental initiatives have been launched with the goal of observing radio-frequency signals produced by ultra-high energy neutrinos (UHEN) interacting in solid media. Observed neutrino event signatures comprise impulsive signals with duration of order the inverse of the antenna+system bandwidth (∼10 ns), superimposed upon an incoherent (typically white noise) thermal noise spectrum. Whereas bulk volume scattering (VS) of radio-frequency (RF) signals is well-studied within the radio-glaciological communities, polar ice-based neutrino-detection experiments have thus far neglected VS in their signal projections. As discussed herein, coherent volume scattering (CVS, for which the phase of the incident signal is preserved during scattering) generated by in-ice neutrino interactions may similarly produce short-duration signal-like power, albeit with a slightly extended time structure, and thereby enhance neutrino detection rates, whereas incoherent (randomized phase) volume scattering (IVS) will persist for O(100 ns), appearing similar to thermal white noise and therefore reducing the measured Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of neutrino signals. Herein, we present the expected voltage profiles resulting from in-ice volume scattering as a function of the molecular scattering cross-section, for both CVS and IVS, and assess their impact on UHEN experiments. VS contributions are currently only weakly constrained by extant data; stronger limits may be obtained with dedicated calibration experiments.
Catalog-level blinding on the bispectrum for DESI-like galaxy surveys
Authors: Novell-Masot Sergi , Gil-Marín Héctor , Verde Licia , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Brieden S. , Brooks D. , Claybaugh T. , de la Macorra A. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Gutierrez G. , Honscheid K. , Howlett C. , Kehoe R. , Kisner T. , Lambert A. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Niz G. , Prada F. , Rossi G. , Sanchez E. , Schubnell M. , Seo H. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Weaver B.A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We evaluate the performance of the catalog-level blind analysis technique (blinding) presented in Brieden et al. (2020) in the context of a fixed template power spectrum and bispectrum analysis. This blinding scheme, which is tailored for galaxy redshift surveys similar to the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), has two components: the so-called “AP blinding” (concerning the dilation parameters α
∥, α
⊥) and “RSD blinding” (redshift space distortions, affecting the growth rate parameter f). Through extensive testing, including checks for the RSD part in cubic boxes, the impact of AP blinding on mocks with realistic survey sky coverage, and the implementation of a full AP+RSD blinding pipeline, our analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the technique in preserving the integrity of cosmological parameter estimation when the analysis includes the bispectrum statistic. We emphasize the critical role of sophisticated — and difficult to accidentally unblind — blinding methods in precision cosmology.
Testing the standardizability of, and deriving cosmological constraints from, a new Amati-correlated gamma-ray burst data compilation
Authors: Cao Shulei , Ratra Bharat 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
By using gamma-ray burst (GRB) data to simultaneously constrain Amati correlation
parameters and cosmological parameters in six spatially flat and nonflat dark energy cosmological
models, we show that an updated 220 GRB version of the Jia et al. [1] GRB data
compilation are standardizable through the Amati correlation and so can be used for cosmological
analyses. However, the resulting GRB data constraints on the current value of the nonrelativistic
matter density parameter, Ω
m

0, are in > 2σ tension with those from a joint
analysis of better-established Hubble parameter [H(z)] and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO)
data for most of the cosmological models we consider, indicating that these GRB data cannot be
jointly used with better-established H(z) + BAO data to constrain cosmological parameters.
Ultrahigh-resolution atomic localization via superposition of standing waves
Authors: Idrees Muhammad , Hendy Ahmed S , Khan Zareen A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study we theoretically demonstrate ultrahigh-resolution two-dimensional atomic localization within a three-level λ-type atomic medium via superposition of asymmetric and symmetric standing wave fields. Our analysis provides an understanding of the precise spatial localization of atomic positions at the atomic level, utilizing advanced theoretical approaches and principles of quantum mechanics. The dynamical behavior of a three-level atomic system is thoroughly analyzed using the density matrix formalism within the realm of quantum mechanics. A theoretical approach is constructed to describe the interaction between the system and external fields, specifically a control field and a probe field. The absorption spectrum of the probe field is thoroughly examined to clarify the spatial localization of the atom within the proposed configuration. A theoretical investigation found that symmetric and asymmetric superposition phenomena significantly influence the localized peaks within a two-dimensional spatial domain. Specifically, the emergence of one and two sharp localized peaks was observed within a one-wavelength domain. We observed notable influences of the intensity of the control field, probe field detuning and decay rates on atomic localization. Ultimately, we have achieved an unprecedented level of ultrahigh resolution and precision in localizing an atom within an area smaller than λ/35 × λ/35. These findings hold promise for potential applications in fields such as Bose–Einstein condensation, nanolithography, laser cooling, trapping of neutral atoms and the measurement of center-of-mass wave functions.
A physical memristor model for Pavlovian associative memory
Authors: Lu 卢 Jiale 家乐 , Ran 冉 Haofeng 皓丰 , Xie 谢 Dirui 頔睿 , Zhou 周 Guangdong 广东 , Hu 胡 Xiaofang 小方 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Brain-inspired intelligence is considered to be a computational model with the most promising potential to overcome the shortcomings of the von Neumann architecture, making it a current research hotspot. Due to advantages such as nonvolatility, high density, low power consumption, and high response ratio, memristors are regarded as devices with promising applications in brain-inspired intelligence. This paper proposes a physical Ag/HfO
x
/FeO
x
/Pt memristor model. The Ag/HfO
x
/FeO
x
/Pt memristor is first fabricated using magnetron sputtering, and its internal principles and characteristics are then thoroughly analyzed. Furthermore, we construct a corresponding physical memristor model which achieves a simulation accuracy of up to 99.72% for the physical memristor. We design a fully functional Pavlovian associative memory circuit, realizing functions including generalization, primary differentiation, secondary differentiation, and forgetting. Finally, the circuit is validated through PSPICE simulation and analysis.
Modeling the Covariance Matrix for the Power Spectra Before and After the BAO Reconstruction
Authors: Zhao Ruiyang , Koyama Kazuya , Wang Yuting , Zhao Gong-Bo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) reconstruction plays a crucial role in cosmological analysis for spectroscopic galaxy surveys because it can make the density field effectively more linear and more Gaussian. The combination of the power spectra before and after the BAO reconstruction helps break degeneracies among parameters, then improves the constraints on cosmological parameters. It is therefore important to estimate the covariance matrix between pre- and post-reconstructed power spectra. In this work, we use perturbation theory to estimate the covariance matrix of the related power spectra multipoles, and check the accuracy of the derived covariance model using a large suite of dark matter halo catalogs at z = 0.5. We find that the diagonal part of the auto covariance is well described by the Gaussian prediction, while the cross covariance deviates from the Gaussian prediction quickly when k > 0.1 h Mpc−1. Additionally, we find the non-Gaussian effect in the non-diagonal part of the cross covariance is comparable to, or even stronger than, the pre-reconstruction covariance. By adding the non-Gaussian contribution, we obtain good agreement between analytical and numerical covariance matrices in the non-diagonal part up to k ≃ 0.15 h Mpc−1. The agreement in the diagonal part is also improved, but still under-predicts the correlation in the cross covariance block.
Wide-angle simulated artificial vision enhances spatial navigation and object interaction in a naturalistic environment
Authors: Hinrichs Sandrine , Placidet Louise , Duret Antonin , Authié Colas , Arleo Angelo , Ghezzi Diego 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective. Vision restoration approaches, such as prosthetics and optogenetics, provide visual perception to blind individuals in clinical settings. Yet their effectiveness in daily life remains a challenge. Stereotyped quantitative tests used in clinical trials often fail to translate into practical, everyday applications. On the one hand, assessing real-life benefits during clinical trials is complicated by environmental complexity, reproducibility issues, and safety concerns. On the other hand, predicting behavioral benefits of restorative therapies in naturalistic environments may be a crucial step before starting clinical trials to minimize patient discomfort and unmet expectations. Approach. To address this, we leverage advancements in virtual reality technology to conduct a fully immersive and ecologically valid task within a physical artificial street environment. As a case study, we assess the impact of the visual field size in simulated artificial vision for common outdoor tasks. Main results. We show that a wide visual angle (45°) enhances participants’ ability to navigate and solve tasks more effectively, safely, and efficiently. Moreover, it promotes their learning and generalization capability. Concurrently, it changes the visual exploration behavior and facilitates a more accurate mental representation of the environment. Further increasing the visual angle beyond this value does not yield significant additional improvements in most metrics. Significance. We present a methodology combining augmented reality with a naturalistic environment, enabling participants to perceive the world as patients with retinal implants would and to interact physically with it. Combining augmented reality in naturalistic environments is a valuable framework for low vision and vision restoration research.
Numerical study on the optimization of the two-way passage division pier and the energy loss in the pumping device
Authors: Lei Shuaihao , Yang Weixing , Pan Weifeng , Cheng Li 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The widespread utilization of the Two-way passage pumping device (TPPD) in riverside areas notwithstanding, there exists a notable inadequacy in quantitative research pertaining to its energy and hydraulic characteristics. On the basis of division pier optimization, the entropy production theory (EPT) with computational fluid dynamics is applied to analyse the energy loss characteristic of TPPD. The results show that after the optimization of the two-way passage division pier, the flow pattern in passages is improved, the vortex structure scale in passages is obviously reduced, and the hydraulic performance is improved. The predominant cause of energy loss within TPPD stems from turbulent dissipation due to fluctuations within the impeller, leading to the formation of irregular areas with heightened entropy production (EP) along the blade surface and within the impeller channel. Moreover, the energy loss within passages is predominantly localized near the centre of the pump unit.
Study on Turbulent Taylor-Couette Flow with High Reynolds Number and Large Radius Ratio in High-Speed Canned Motor Pump Internals
Authors: Zhang Yuhan , He Xinxiang , Wu Dazhuan , Shen Yuzhe , Lu Yu , Xu Rui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Taylor-Couette flow, a prevalent flow pattern in fluid machinery. This study investigates turbulent Taylor-Couette flow within the internal flow of a shield pump through numerical simulations. The study encompasses a range of radius ratios (0.934 to 0.977) and inner cylinder frequencies (50 to 383 Hz). Our findings reveal a significant positive correlation between torque magnitude and radius ratio within the studied parameter range. Additionally, an exponential relationship between non-dimensional torque and Taylor number was identified through fitting. Moreover, the study elucidates that larger radius ratios lead to an earlier transition to the final turbulent region with increasing Taylor numbers. Furthermore, detailed analysis of the flow field vortex structure demonstrates the profound influence of radius ratio on the number of Taylor vortices.
Hydraulic and axial force characteristics of large axial flow pumps under different flow conditions
Authors: Wang Yuqi , Cheng Li 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Axial flow pumps often experience uneven distribution of axial force on the blades when deviating from design conditions, which can easily lead to local damage to the pump blades. In response to this issue, this article conducts a detailed study on the hydraulic and axial force characteristics of large vertical axial flow pumping stations in China based on constant and non-constant numerical simulation research methods. Research has found that under biased operating conditions, due to the angle between the water flow direction inside the impeller and the impeller blades, the water body collides with the blades, resulting in concentrated pressure distribution on both sides of the inlet side of the impeller blades. Under low flow conditions, the high axial force area of the impeller blade is concentrated in the middle and rear position of the suction surface, while under high flow conditions, the high axial force area is widely distributed. Under the conditions of 0.8 Q to 1.4 Q, the fluctuation of axial force on the impeller blades is mainly affected by the rotation of the impeller blades. However, under low flow conditions, due to the turbulence of the flow state, there is no obvious pattern of axial force variation on the impeller blades. In addition, under different flow conditions, there is no obvious pattern in the fluctuation of axial force on the guide vanes. This also proves that there are problems such as uneven axial force distribution and no periodic changes in the impeller blades under low flow conditions, which can easily lead to damage to the impeller blades. The above analysis can provide some reference for the design of impeller blades.