bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HOW SPIRALS AND GAPS DRIVEN BY COMPANIONS IN PROTOPLANETARY DISKS APPEAR IN SCATTERED LIGHT AT ARBITRARY VIEWING ANGLES
Authors: Dong (董若冰) Ruobing , Fung (馮澤之) Jeffrey , Chiang (蔣詒曾) Eugene 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Direct imaging observations of protoplanetary disks at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths have revealed structures of potentially planetary origin. Investigations of observational signatures from planet-induced features have so far focused on disks viewed face-on. Combining 3D hydrodynamics and radiative transfer simulations, we study how the appearance of the spiral arms and the gap produced in a disk by a companion varies with inclination and position angle in NIR scattered light. We compare the cases of a 3M
J and a 0.1M
⊙ companion, and make predictions suitable for testing with Gemini/GPI, Very Large Telescope/NACO/SPHERE, and Subaru/HiCIAO/SCExAO. We find that the two trailing arms produced by an external perturber can have a variety of morphologies in inclined systems—they may appear as one trailing arm; two trailing arms on the same side of the disk; or two arms winding in opposite directions. The disk ring outside a planetary gap may also mimic spiral arms when viewed at high inclinations. We suggest potential explanations for the features observed in HH 30, HD 141569 A, AK Sco, HD 100546, and AB Aur. We emphasize that inclined views of companion-induced features cannot be converted into face-on views using simple and commonly practiced image deprojections.
POPULATION PROPERTIES OF BROWN DWARF ANALOGS TO EXOPLANETS*
Authors: Faherty Jacqueline K. , Riedel Adric R. , Cruz Kelle L. , Gagne Jonathan , Filippazzo Joseph C. , Lambrides Erini , Fica Haley , Weinberger Alycia , Thorstensen John R. , Tinney C. G. , Baldassare Vivienne , Lemonier Emily , Rice Emily L. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a kinematic analysis of 152 low surface gravity M7-L8 dwarfs by adding 18 new parallaxes (including 10 for comparative field objects), 38 new radial velocities, and 19 new proper motions. We also add low- or moderate-resolution near-infrared spectra for 43 sources confirming their low surface gravity features. Among the full sample, we find 39 objects to be high-likelihood or new bona fide members of nearby moving groups, 92 objects to be ambiguous members and 21 objects that are non-members. Using this age-calibrated sample, we investigate trends in gravity classification, photometric color, absolute magnitude, color–magnitude, luminosity, and effective temperature. We find that gravity classification and photometric color clearly separate 5–130 Myr sources from >3 Gyr field objects, but they do not correlate one to one with the narrower 5–130 Myr age range. Sources with the same spectral subtype in the same group have systematically redder colors, but they are distributed between 1 and 4σ from the field sequences and the most extreme outlier switches between intermediate- and low-gravity sources either confirmed in a group or not. The absolute magnitudes of low-gravity sources from the J band through W3 show a flux redistribution when compared to equivalently typed field brown dwarfs that is correlated with spectral subtype. Low-gravity, late-type L dwarfs are fainter at J than the field sequence but brighter by W3. Low-gravity M dwarfs are >1 mag brighter than field dwarfs in all bands from J through W3. Clouds, which are a far more dominant opacity source for L dwarfs, are the likely cause. On color–magnitude diagrams, the latest-type, low-gravity L dwarfs drive the elbow of the L/T transition up to 1 mag redder and 1 mag fainter than field dwarfs at M

J
but are consistent with or brighter than the elbow at M

W1 and M

W2. We conclude that low-gravity dwarfs carry an extreme version of the cloud conditions of field objects to lower temperatures, which logically extends into the lowest-mass, directly imaged exoplanets. Furthermore, there is an indication on color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs; such as M

J
versus (J–W2)) of increasingly redder sequences separated by gravity classification, although it is not consistent across all CMD combinations. Examining bolometric luminosities for planets and low-gravity objects, we confirm that (in general) young M dwarfs are overluminous while young L dwarfs are normal compared to the field. Using model extracted radii, this translates into normal to slightly warmer M dwarf temperatures compared to the field sequence and lower temperatures for L dwarfs with no obvious correlation with the assigned moving group.
TRANSIT TIMING OBSERVATIONS FROM KEPLER. IX. CATALOG OF THE FULL LONG-CADENCE DATA SET
Authors: Holczer Tomer , Mazeh Tsevi , Nachmani Gil , Jontof-Hutter Daniel , Ford Eric B. , Fabrycky Daniel , Ragozzine Darin , Kane Mackenzie , Steffen Jason H. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a new transit timing catalog of 2599 Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs), using the PDC-MAP long-cadence light curves that include the full 17 quarters of the mission (ftp://wise-ftp.tau.ac.il/pub/tauttv/TTV/ver_112). The goal is to produce an easy-to-use catalog that can stimulate further analyses of interesting systems. For 779 KOIs with high enough S/N, we derived the timing, duration, and depth of 69,914 transits. For 1820 KOIs with lower SNR, we derived only the timing of 225,273 transits. After removal of outlier timings, we derived various statistics for each KOI that were used to indicate significant variations. Including systems found by previous works, we have detected 260 KOIs that showed significant TTVs with long-term variations (>100 days), and another 14 KOIs with periodic modulations shorter than 100 days and small amplitudes. For five of those, the periodicity is probably due to the crossing of rotating stellar spots by the transiting planets.
Can Time of Implant Placement influence Bone Remodeling?
Authors: Rafael Caroline Freitas , Passoni Bernardo , Araújo Carlos , de Araújo Maria A , Benfatti César , Volpato Claudia 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Since the alveolar process is tissue “dental dependent,” after the extraction of the dental element, this process suffers some degree of atrophy during the healing process, which can be reduced with the installation of immediate implants, aiming to maintain the original bone architecture. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the time of implant placement on bone formation around them. Seven dogs were selected and randomly divided into two groups: Group 1, where implants were placed immediately after extraction of two lower premolars without flap elevation, and group 2, where implants were delayed by 4 months after extractions. Each group received 14 implants, and 4 months after the second surgery, the samples were processed and analyzed histomorphometrically. A mean average analysis and the Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.05) were performed. The buccal bone–implant contact (BIC) mean average was found larger in immediate implants (42.61%) compared with delayed implants (37.69%). Group 1 had statistically higher outcomes in bone formation and BIC on the buccal bone wall. It was concluded that performing immediate implants with the palatal approach technique and leaving a buccal GAP enables a higher or at least equal rate to BIC and bone area around them, when compared with delayed implants.
Actually, the patients and dentists want to do a shorter treatment with satisfactory results, but it is necessary to understand whether different times of implant placement can influence the results and longevity of the treatment.

How to cite this article
Rafael CF, Passoni B, Araújo C, de Araújo MA, Benfatti C, Volpato C. Can Time of Implant Placement influence Bone Remodeling? J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(4):270-274.
Study of the Mechanical Properties of the Novel Zirconia-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement
Authors: Ahmad Zeeshan H , Anil Sukumaran , Bhandi Shilpa H , Chalisserry Elna P , Almuhaiza Mohammed , AlZailai Abdulaziz M 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe purpose of thisin vitrostudy is to compare the compressive strength (CS) and diametral tensile strength (DTS) of the zirconia-reinforced restorative material (Zirconomer®) with conventional glass ionomers (Fuji 1X) and amalgam.Materials and methodsSpecimens (n = 120) were fabricated from silver amalgam, reinforced glass ionomer cement (GIC) (glass ionomer, Fuji 1X GC Corp.), and zirconia-reinforced glass ionomer (Zirconomer, Shofu Inc.) for testing the CS and DTS. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by a Tukeypost hoctest.ResultsBoth CS and DTS were found to be significantly higher for the zirconia-reinforced GIC and silver amalgam compared with GIC (p < 0.001).ConclusionA newer class of restorative material like Zirconomer helps to overcome the potential hazard of mercury, but retains the strength and durability of amalgam as well as the sustained high-fluoride release of GICs. Furthermore, long-term studies are required to confirm its use as an alternative to the currently available posterior restorative material.How to cite this articleChalissery VP, Marwah N, Almuhaiza M, AlZailai AM, Chalisserry EP, Bhandi SH, Anil S. Study of the Mechanical Properties of the Novel Zirconia-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(5):394-398.
The Study of Relationship between Serum Magnesium and Glycated Hemoglobin in Clinically Uncomplicated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Sushma S , Devi MS Kusuma , Naveen S 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Studies have shown that low serum magnesium levels and microalbuminuria are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, which are the known predictors of risk for cardiovascular disease. The chief objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between serum magnesium level with glycated hemoglobin and urine albumin levels in clinically uncomplicated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Methodology
During this study, 35 were type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 20 normal healthy subjects were age and sex matched, were evaluated for serum magnesium, urine albumin, glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, blood urea and serum creatinine levels.

Results
In 37% of the diabetic patients, magnesium concentrations were below the normal reference value. Micro albuminuria was seen in 60% of the diabetic cases. Serum magnesium level was correlated with glycemic control, as measured by HbA1c.

Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate that lower serum magnesium concentrations and microalbuminuria are common in type 2 diabetics. Low serum magnesium level was attributed to poor glycemic control in diabetics. Serum magnesium levels did not correlate with microalbuminuria among diabetics.

How to cite this article
Sushma S, Devi MSK, Naveen S. The Study of Relationship between Serum Magnesium and Glycated Hemoglobin in Clinically Uncomplicated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Health Sci Res 2015;6(1):14.
EFFECTS OF VARIOUS TREATMENTS ON SILICONE RUBBER SURFACE
Authors: Maher B. M. , Rezaali J. , Jalili K. , Abbasi F. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTHydroxy groups were generated on a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) surface using different methods. Attempts were made to prepare a homogeneous film on the PDMS surface and eliminate microwrinkles from the surface. Because the hydroxylation process changes the chemical composition of the PDMS surface, resulting in a cracked surface, selecting the best method for surface treatment with minimized surface microwrinkles and cracks was attempted. The results obtained from scanning electron microscopy showed that using the pulsed ultraviolet-ozone (UVO) radiation method with a controlled duration time, ozone treatment, continuous UVO treatment using a glass filter, and water media in UVO treatment was more effective than other methods evaluated in this study to prevent microwrinkles. The results obtained from contact angle measurements and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the UVO treatment in the presence of a water medium created more hydroxy groups compared with other methods.
The Scandinavian Small-for-Gestational Age (SGA) pregnancy and birth cohort – A source to continual insight into fetal growth restriction and long term physical and neurodevelopmental health in mother and offspring
Authors: Kjøbli Eli , Bach Ragnhild , Skogseth Haakon , Jacobsen Geir W. 
Published: July 2016

Human in utero growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with an increased risk for perinatal mortality and morbidityamong newborns and infants. To pursue this challenge, a Request For Proposals (RFP) was issued in 1983by The U.S. Epidemiology and Biometry Research Program at the National Institute of Child Health and HumanDevelopment (NICHD). A consortium was set up at the universities and university hospitals in Trondheim,Bergen (Norway) and Uppsala (Sweden) and was funded by the NICHD to conduct the Scandinavian SuccessiveSmall-for-Gestational Age (SGA) pregnancy and birth outcome study. The study design included a comprehensivebiobank with maternal and cord serum samples, placental tissue, and a multitude of data collected frominterviews, questionnaires, and clinical examinations. The SGA cohort study involved 6,354 Caucasian pregnant women in the three study sites who expected theirsecond or third child from 1986-88. The study women were screened in early second trimester and mothers whohad an increased risk to deliver a smaller than expected newborn were followed in detail through the second halfof pregnancy and at birth. Selected children were screened several times through their first and up to five yearsof age. Moreover, a highly selected subgroup in Trondheim has been followed at 14, 19, and 26 years’ age. Almost thirty years later, we have searched the body of scientific publications that originated from this cohortstudy in an attempt to assess if and to what extent the main aims and objectives were achieved and to summarizethe overall outcomes. The SGA cohort has resulted in close to 100 published papers in peer reviewed journalsand some 40 graduate and undergraduate degrees. Risk factors of SGA, like maternal smoking, low prepregnancyweight and education attainment, and a previous SGA birth outcome were confirmed. Conversely, nototally new and unknown risk factors were identified. Serial ultrasound measures have enabled a distinctionbetween SGA with restricted and normal intrauterine growth, and has further indicated that being born SGA ismainly a problem in combination with IUGR. Further, the consequences of IUGR are more pronounced atadolescence and young adulthood than at five years of age. An increased understanding of the pathogenesis of different categories of growth restriction is essential torecognize and diagnose IUGR properly, and to reduce the perinatal mortality and morbidity from SGA. Moreover,SGA is a significant predictor at follow-up of the child. An up to date biobank has ensured the quality of dataand biological samples, and has been crucial for the outcome of the entire SGA study. It continues to be avaluable resource in future research.
Cameratoezicht op de werkvloer: hoelang mag het begluren van werknemers op de Caribische eilanden nog voortduren?
Authors: van der Neut N.M.Q. 
Published: July 2016

Cameratoezicht op de werkvloer: hoelang mag het begluren van werknemers op de Caribische eilanden nog voortduren?
Per 1 januari 2016 is de Wet bescherming persoonsgegevens, de Wbp, in Nederland gewijzigd. Dit doet de vraag rijzen of de (Caribische) Landsverordening bescherming persoonsgegevens, de Lbp, ook aangepast dient te worden. De wijzigingen worden geëvalueerd aan de hand van de rechtmatigheid en toelaatbaarheid van (heimelijk) cameratoezicht op de werkvloer. De belangrijkste wijziging houdt in dat direct een boete kan worden opgelegd indien in strijd met de Wbp wordt gehandeld ingeval sprake is van een opzettelijk gepleegde overtreding of ernstig verwijtbare nalatigheid. Dit brengt een afschrikkend effect mee, hetgeen reden is om ook de Lbp te wijzigen.
Initial alignment method for free space optics laser beam
Authors: Shimada Yuta , Tashiro Yuki , Izumi Kiyotaka , Yoshida Koichi , Tsujimura Takeshi 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The authors have newly proposed and constructed an active free space optics transmission system. It is equipped with a motor driven laser emitting mechanism and positioning photodiodes, and it transmits a collimated thin laser beam and accurately steers the laser beam direction. It is necessary to introduce the laser beam within sensible range of the receiver in advance of laser beam tracking control. This paper studies an estimation method of laser reaching point for initial laser beam alignment. Distributed photodiodes detect laser luminescence at respective position, and the optical axis of laser beam is analytically presumed based on the Gaussian beam optics. Computer simulation evaluates the accuracy of the proposed estimation methods, and results disclose that the methods help us to guide the laser beam to a distant receiver.
Light propagation characteristics in photonic crystal fibers with α-power profiles of air hole diameter distributions and their application to fiber collimator
Authors: Yokota Hirohisa , Higuchi Keiichi , Imai Yoh 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Light propagation characteristics in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with α-power profiles of air hole diameter distributions were theoretically investigated. It was clarified that the intensity peak of the beam propagating in the PCF with Gaussian beam excitation varied periodically with little power attenuation. It was found that the envelope of the periodic intensity variation depended on α. We theoretically demonstrated that the PCF with the α-power profile of the air hole diameter distribution could be applied to a collimator for a conventional PCF with uniform air holes in Gaussian beam excitation to reduce coupling loss, where a PCF of appropriate length with the α-power air hole diameter distribution was spliced to a conventional PCF. It was also found that the coupling efficiency was higher for a larger α.
The magnitude of changes in linear growth within Taiwanese families: intrinsic sex‐associated biology, socially mediated behaviors, or both?
Authors: Floyd Bruce 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluates competing hypotheses about implications of greater female growth canalization for differences in male and female growth as developmental settings improve.Participants and MethodsIntergenerational declines in gender bias and rapid economic growth in Taiwan permit assessment of the two hypotheses using anthropometric and background information from 107 Taiwanese parents and their young adult offspring. Differences in parents' values were first evaluated across grandfathers' occupational status categories reflecting good to relatively poor early circumstances in the parental generation. The extent of intergenerational change in heights or knee heights within 56 father–son pairs were then compared with those in 51 statistically independent mother–daughter pairs across the same occupational categories using repeated measures analyses.ResultsChange in mean heights and knee heights across grandfathers' occupational categories were noticeably greater for fathers than mothers. Overall, intergenerational gains within families in height and knee height were statistically significant (p < 0.0005) in father–son (3.89 cm; 1.85 cm) and mother–daughter pairs (4.14 cm; 1.67 cm). However, among families where grandfather's occupations were “privileged,” father–son pairs are similar in average height (Δ = −0.36 cm) and knee height (Δ = 0.53 cm) while mothers were significantly shorter (Δ = 3.88 cm) with shorter knee heights (Δ = 1.74 cm) than their daughters.DiscussionThe hypothesis that females are inherently less capable of responding to growth promoting characteristics of early environments is not supported. Intergenerational declines in male preference combined with rapid but equitable economic growth better account for intergenerational changes reported.
Highly Chemo‐, Regio‐, and Stereoselective Cobalt‐Catalyzed Markovnikov Hydrosilylation of Alkynes
Authors: Guo Jun , Lu Zhan 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA highly chemo‐, regio‐ and stereoselective cobalt‐catalyzed Markovnikov hydrosilylation of alkynes was developed. Various functionalized groups, such as halides, free alcohols, free aniline, ketones, esters, amides, and nitriles are tolerated, which may lead to further applications and late‐stage derivatizations. To date, this is the most efficient cobalt catalytic system (TOF=65 520 h−1; TOF=turnover frequency) for hydrosilylation of alkynes. The Hiyama–Denmark cross‐coupling reactions of vinylsilanes with aryl iodides underwent smoothly to afford 1,1‐diarylethenes. A unique regioselectivity‐controllable hydrosilylation/hydroboration reaction of alkynes was also described.
A Modular Method for the High‐Yield Synthesis of Site‐Specific Protein–Polymer Therapeutics
Authors: Pang Yan , Liu Jinyao , Qi Yizhi , Li Xinghai , Chilkoti Ashutosh 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA versatile method is described to engineer precisely defined protein/peptide–polymer therapeutics by a modular approach that consists of three steps: 1) fusion of a protein/peptide of interest with an elastin‐like polypeptide that enables facile purification and high yields; 2) installation of a clickable group at the C terminus of the recombinant protein/peptide with almost complete conversion by enzyme‐mediated ligation; and 3) attachment of a polymer by a click reaction with near‐quantitative conversion. We demonstrate that this modular approach is applicable to various protein/peptide drugs and used it to conjugate them to structurally diverse water‐soluble polymers that prolong the plasma circulation duration of these proteins. The protein/peptide–polymer conjugates exhibited significantly improved pharmacokinetics and therapeutic effects over the native protein/peptide upon administration to mice. The studies reported here provide a facile method for the synthesis of protein/peptide–polymer conjugates for therapeutic use and other applications.
Stabilized electrospinning of heat stimuli/in situ crosslinkable nanofibers and their self‐same nanocomposites
Authors: Bilge Kaan , Ürkmez Ayça , Şimşek Eren , Papila Melih 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTWe present a strategy for stabilizing the morphological integrity of electrospun polymeric nanofibers by heat stimuli in situ crosslinking. Amorphous polymer nanofibers, such as polystyrene (PS) and its co‐polymers tend to lose their fiber morphology during processing at temperatures above their glass transition temperature (Tg) typically bound to happen in nanocomposite/structural composite applications. As an answer to this problem, incorporation of the crosslinking agents, phthalic anhydride (PA) and tributylamine (TBA), into the electrospinning polymer solution functionalized by glycidylmethacrylate (GMA) copolymerization, namely P(St‐co‐GMA), is demonstrated. Despite the presence of the crosslinker molecules, the electrospinning polymer solution is stable and its viscosity remains unaffected below 60 °C. Crosslinking reaction stands‐by and can be thermally stimulated during post‐processing of the electrospun P(St‐co‐GMA)/PA‐TBA fiber mat at intermediate temperatures (below the Tg). This strategy enables the preservation of the nanofiber morphology during subsequent high temperature processing. The crosslinking event leads to an increase in Tg of the base polymer by 30 °C depending on degree of crosslinking. Crosslinked nanofibers are able to maintain their nanofibrous morphology above the Tg and upon exposure to organic solvents. In situ crosslinking in epoxy matrix is also reported as an example of high temperature demanding application/processing. Finally, a self‐same fibrous nanocomposite is demonstrated by dual electrospinning of P(St‐co‐GMA) and stabilized P(St‐co‐GMA)/PA‐TBA, forming an intermingled nanofibrous mat, followed by a heating cycle. The product is a composite of crosslinked P(St‐co‐GMA)/PA‐TBA fibers fused by P(St‐co‐GMA) matrix. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44090.