bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Conundrum of Mechanics Versus Genetics in Congenital Hydrocephalus and Its Implications for Fetal Therapy Approaches: A Scoping Review
Authors: Herzeg Akos , Borges Beltran , Diafos Loukas N. , Gupta Nalin , MacKenzie Tippi C. , Sanders Stephan J. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTRecent advances in gene therapy, particularly for single‐gene disorders (SGDs), have led to significant progress in developing innovative precision medicine approaches that hold promise for treating conditions such as primary hydrocephalus (CH), which is characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes and cerebral ventricular dilation as a result of impaired brain development, often due to genetic causes. CH is a significant contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality and a driver of healthcare costs. In many cases, prenatal ultrasound can readily identify ventriculomegaly as early as 14–20 weeks of gestation, with severe cases showing poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Postnatal surgical approaches, such as ventriculoperitoneal shunts, do not address the underlying genetic causes, have high complication rates, and result in a marginal improvement of neurocognitive deficits. Prenatal somatic cell gene therapy (PSCGT) promises a novel approach to conditions such as CH by targeting genetic mutations in utero, potentially improving long‐term outcomes. To better understand the pathophysiology, genetic basis, and molecular pathomechanisms of CH, we conducted a scoping review of the literature that identified over 160 published genes linked to CH. Mutations in L1CAM, TRIM71, MPDZ, and CCDC88C play a critical role in neural stem cell development, subventricular zone architecture, and the maintenance of the neural stem cell niche, driving the development of CH. Early prenatal interventions targeting these genes could curb the development of the expected CH phenotype, improve neurodevelopmental outcomes, and possibly limit the need for surgical approaches. However, further research is needed to establish robust genotype‐phenotype correlations and develop safe and effective PSCGT strategies for CH.
Impact of the use of a smartphone‐based blood glucose management system within a maternal diabetes service
Authors: Hyams Elizabeth , Brackenridge Anna , White Sara L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground: The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus is increasing, placing more demand on pregnancy diabetes services.Aims: This study aimed to explore the impact of implementing GDm‐Health, a remote blood glucose monitoring application (app), on a tertiary pregnancy diabetes service.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted as part of a quality improvement project. We assessed the frequency of interactions between patients and health care professionals, the type of interactions (face‐to‐face [f2f] or non‐f2f [via text or phone call]), effect on time to treatment initiation and women's satisfaction with the app. We compared two cohorts: cohort 1, women diagnosed in September 2019 (n=52) prior to app introduction, and cohort 2, women diagnosed in September 2020 (n=54) after app introduction. Data were collected from the electronic notes, and app satisfaction was assessed using a questionnaire.Results: Median interactions for each woman from diagnosis to delivery increased from 5 (interquartile range [IQR], 3–6) in cohort 1 to 7 (IQR, 5–10) in cohort 2 (p<0.001). In cohort 2, 88.4% of interactions were non‐f2f compared to 13.7% in cohort 1. There was no change in the time to treatment initiation (19 days [cohort 1] vs 20 days [cohort 2]; p=0.59). Women using the app were satisfied with their care.Conclusions: After GDm‐Health was introduced, women had more interactions with the diabetes team; however, most were non‐f2f interactions via telephone. The app has helped health care professionals streamline the service, particularly in terms of the allocation of clinic space and appointments, and has been well received by patients.
Assessment of patients' baseline cystic fibrosis knowledge levels following translation and adaptation of the CF R.I.S.E translation program into Turkish
Authors: Balcı Merve Selcuk , Gökdemir Yasemin , Eralp Ela Erdem , Ergenekon Almala Pınar , Yegit Cansu Yılmaz , Yanaz Mürüvvet , Gulieva Aynur , Kalyoncu Mine , Karabulut Seyda , Cakar Neval Metin , Uzunoglu Burcu , Tastan Gamze , Kocaman Damla , Coskun Ozge Kenis , Gorgun Ilknur , Randall Messier R. , Mertz Pamela , Karakoc Fazilet , Karadag Bülent 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) patients have a limited life expectancy, but significant medical advances now highlight the need for successful transition programs from pediatric to adult care. The goal of this project was to introduce the transition program CF R.I.S.E (Responsibility. Independence. Self‐care. Education.) to a CF center with limited resources at Marmara University (MU).MethodsThe program was adapted and translated into Turkish with the CF Foundation's permission. A team of experts collaborated to develop educational materials for patients and families. After translation and implementation of the CF S.O.B.E program, 11 Knowledge Assessment Questionnaire (KQA) tests were administered online to the patients aged between 16 and 25 years to assess the lack of patient knowledge.ResultsThe CF R.I.S.E program was successfully implemented within 6 months. A pilot study showed positive feedback from randomly selected patients, indicating the program's effectiveness and understandability. The mean age of the patients was 19.4 ± 2.9 years, and 42 (52%) were female. The mean forced expiratory volume (FEV1pp) was 76.3 ± 23.2. Fourteen (17.3%) and 4 (4.9%) of the patients colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), respectively. Fifteen (18.5%) were on modulator therapy. Eleven Knowledge Assessment Questionnaires (KAQ) surveys were administered to 81 patients. The percentage of correct responses to the KAQs ranged from 47.9% to 68.3%.ConclusionMU CF Center in Turkey implemented the CF S.O.B.E (Responsibility, Self‐care, Independence, and Education in Turkish) program. The center aims to make the program a regular practice and expand collaboration with adult clinics. Future studies will assess its long‐term impact and applicability in different health settings. The final goal is to disseminate the program's resources and promote structured transition practices across the country.
Glycosyltransferase genes are associated with resistance to cyhalofop‐butyl in a Chinese Echinochloa crus‐galli population
Authors: Zhang Sisi , Li Sifu , Fang Yuhang , Liu Min , Wu Lamei , Wang Junzhi , Pan Lang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDEchinochloa crus‐galli is the most troublesome and widespread weed of most rice‐growing regions of the world. Cyhalofop‐butyl, a herbicide within the acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACCase) chemical group, has been extensively used to control barnyardgrass in rice. The repeated exposure to cyhalofop‐butyl has led to resistance evolution in E. crus‐galli populations.RESULTSIn this study, we identified a population of E. crus‐galli (R‐HN) in a rice field in Hunan, China, that developed resistance to cyhalofop‐butyl at 4.49‐fold the recommended field dose. No known target mutation was detected in the ACCase gene of the R‐HN population by ACCase sequencing compared to sensitive populations. Both cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) inhibitors could not significantly reverse the resistance to cyhalofop‐butyl. The nontarget‐site resistance (NTSR) mechanism was investigated by transcriptome sequencing. Validation of the screened candidate genes by quantitative real‐time (qRT)‐PCR revealed that six glycosyltransferases (GTs) and four ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes were consistently upregulated in the R‐HN population. Five GTs and one ABC transporter genes were constitutively upregulated after cyhalofop‐butyl treatment in the R‐HN population. Molecular docking results showed that the significant binding energy of GT79, GT75L6 and GT74E among all candidate genes.CONCLUSIONThus, the GT genes appear to be directly implicated in NTSR to cyhalofop‐butyl in the R‐HN populations through metabolic enhancement, but their functional characterization needs to be studied. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Variational Quantum Algorithm‐Preserving Feasible Space for Solving the Uncapacitated Facility Location Problem
Authors: Wang Sha‐Sha , Liu Hai‐Ling , Li Yong‐Mei , Gao Fei , Qin Su‐Juan , Wen Qiao‐Yan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA+) is one of the Variational Quantum Algorithm (VQA) specifically developed to tackle combinatorial optimization problems by exploring the feasible space in search of a target solution. For the Constrained Binary Optimization with Unconstrained Variables Problems (CBO‐UVPs), the mixed operators in the QAOA+ circuit are applied to the constrained variables, while the single‐qubit rotating gates operate on the unconstrained variables. The expressibility of this circuit is limited by the shortage of two‐qubit gates and the parameter sharing in the single‐qubit rotating gates, which consequently impacts the performance of QAOA+ for solving CBO‐UVPs. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a suitable ansatz for CBO‐UVPs. In this paper, the Variational Quantum Algorithm‐Preserving Feasible Space (VQA‐PFS) ansatz is proposed, exemplified by the Uncapacitated Facility Location Problem (UFLP), that applies mixed operators on constrained variables while employing Hardware‐Efficient Ansatz (HEA) on unconstrained variables. The numerical results demonstrate that VQA‐PFS significantly enhances the probability of success and exhibits faster convergence than QAOA+, Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), and HEA. Furthermore, VQA‐PFS reduces the circuit depth dramatically compared to QAOA+ and QAOA. The algorithm is general and instructive in tackling CBO‐UVPs.
Oxidative stress affects sperm health and fertility—Time to apply facts learned at the bench to help the patient: Lessons for busy clinicians
Authors: Sengupta Pallav , Pinggera Germar‐M. , Calogero Aldo E. , Agarwal Ashok 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundIncreased oxidative stress (OS), resulting from the delicate balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense, is closely linked to sperm abnormalities and male subfertility. Elevated ROS levels particularly affect sperm quality. The vulnerability of spermatozoa to ROS is due to the absence of DNA repair mechanisms and the high presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their membranes.MethodsThis article updates and advances our understanding of the molecular damage caused by OS in spermatozoa, including lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, motility, and functionality. Additionally, the review discusses the challenges in diagnosing OS in semen and recommends accurate and sensitive testing methods. Case studies are utilized to demonstrate the effective management of male infertility caused by OS.Main findingsHighlighting the need to bridge the gap between research and clinical practice, this review suggests strategies for clinicians, such as lifestyle and dietary changes and antioxidant therapies. The review emphasizes lifestyle modifications and personalized care as effective strategies in managing male infertility caused by OS.ConclusionThis review calls for early detection and intervention and interdisciplinary collaboration to improve patient care in male infertility cases related to increased OS.
Sustainable development and investor confidence: The safe‐haven appeal of green‐bond issuing firms
Authors: Azad Shivam , Devi S. L. Tulasi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the performance of a green‐linked portfolio as a safe haven and hedge against traditional assets during periods of market turmoil, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic and the Russia‐Ukraine war. Utilizing a dynamic conditional correlation (DCC)‐generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) approach, the study analyzes the portfolio's correlations with global assets like SENSEX 30, BSE ESG 100, Gold, S&P Green Bond Index, and US 10‐year Treasury bonds, demonstrating its stability. [Correction added on 05 September 2024, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, the word ‘asse’ was corrected to ‘assets’ in this version.] Our findings demonstrate that the green‐linked portfolio outperforms both individual stocks and major indices as well as traditional safe havens like gold and US Treasury bonds. The portfolio exhibits superior risk‐adjusted returns and lower volatility, particularly during crisis periods. The portfolio's strong positive correlation with the S&P Green Bond Index highlights its alignment with the broader green market. Interestingly, with a 95% hedge effectiveness, it emerged as a viable safe haven investment, surpassing gold in stability during market uncertainties. Further, forecast matrix results and VAR analysis confirm the portfolio's potential as a diversifier and safe haven asset, characterized by significant positive returns. Additionally, the SAP‐LAP framework provides clarity to stakeholders on safe‐haven options within green markets. Moreover, while green bond markets are more mature in developed economies, our results suggest that green‐linked investments in emerging markets, such as India, offer a promising avenue for investors seeking both financial returns and environmental impact. Overall, the study provides empirical evidence supporting the inclusion of green‐linked assets in diversified portfolios to enhance risk management and capture long‐term growth opportunities.
Are social justice and sustainability interdependent? If so, how and under what conditions?
Authors: Törnblom Kjell Y. , Popa Răzvan‐Gabriel , Krütli Pius 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSustainability often entails dealing with issues of justice in the distribution of goods and bads, such as resources and restrictions. Applications of justice to concrete situations, including what is deserved and entitled, call for specifications of several issues, like the meaning of “deservingness” and “entitlement” and how justice should be accomplished. This is a key aspect for sustainability, as social arrangements that are not experienced as fair may not be long‐lived. Conversely, justice may be an empty notion unless it is sustainable. With this in mind, we provide an inventory of factors to analyze the relationship between (un)sustainability and social (in)justice from a social psychological perspective. We (a) clarify the gist of the two subjective notions, (b) discuss their interdependences, (c) provide a list of factors for analyses, and (d) illustrate how they may be applied to two cases, one at a global level (food accessibility) and the other at a local level (distribution of renewable energy resources in communities). The proposed framework forms the basis of empirical analyses of the social dimension of sustainability.
Bio‐Informed Porous Mineral‐Based Composites
Authors: Zhao Ran , Amstad Esther 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCertain biominerals, such as sea sponges and echinoderm skeletons, display a fascinating combination of mechanical properties and adaptability due to the well‐defined structures spanning various length scales. These materials often possess high density normalized mechanical properties because they contain well‐defined pores. The density‐normalized mechanical properties of synthetic minerals are often inferior because the pores are stochastically distributed, resulting in an inhomogeneous stress distribution. The mechanical properties of synthetic materials are limited by the degree of structural and compositional control currently available fabrication methods offer. In the first part of this review, examples of structural elements nature uses to impart exceptional density normalized Young's moduli to its porous biominerals are showcased. The second part highlights recent advancements in the fabrication of bio‐informed mineral‐based composites possessing pores with diameters that span a wide range of length scales. The influence of the processing of mineral‐based composites on their structures and mechanical properties is summarized. Thereby, it is aimed at encouraging further research directed to the sustainable, energy‐efficient fabrication of synthetic lightweight yet stiff mineral‐based composites.
Rational Design of A‐Site Cation for High Performance Lead‐Free Perovskite X‐Ray Detectors
Authors: Zhang Bobo , Zhang Yuefeng , Su Hang , Huang Endai , Zhao Zeqin , Xu Zhuo , Liu Yucheng , Zhang Lu , Zeng Zhiyuan , You Jiaxue , Jen Alex K.‐Y. , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDesign of hypotoxic lead‐free perovskites, e.g. Bismuth(Bi)‐based perovskites, is much beneficial for commercialization of perovskite X‐ray detectors due to their strong radiation absorption. Nevertheless, the design principles governing the selection of A‐site cations for achieving high‐performance X‐ray detectors remain elusive. Here, seven molecules (methylamine MA, amine NH3, dimethylbiguanide DGA, phenylethylamine PEA, 4‐fluorophenethylamine p‐FPEA, 1,3‐propanediamine PDA, and 1,4‐butanediamine BDA) and calculated their dipole moments and interaction strength with metal halide (BiI3) are selected. The first‐principles calculations and related spectroscopy measurements confirm that organic molecules (DGA) with large dipole moments can have strong interactions with perovskite octahedron and improve the carrier transport between the organic and inorganic clusters. Consequently, zero‐dimensional single crystal (SC) (DGA)BiI5∙H2O is synthesized. The (DGA)BiI5∙H2O SCs demonstrate an exceptional carrier mobility‐lifetime product of 6.55 × 10−3 cm2 V−1, resulting in the high sensitivity of 5879.4 µCGyair−1cm−2, featuring a low detection limit (4.7 nGyair s−1) and remarkable X‐ray irradiation stability even after 100 days of aging at a high electric field (100 V mm−1). Furthermore, the (DGA)BiI5∙H2O SCs for imaging, achieving a notable spatial resolution of 5.5 lp mm−1 are applied. This investigation establishes a pathway for systematically screening A‐site cations to design low‐dimensional SCs for high‐performance X‐ray detection.
Enhanced Electron Emission Performance and Air‐Surface Stability in ScO‐Terminated Diamond for Thermionic Energy Converters
Authors: Zulkharnay Ramiz , Fox Neil A. , May Paul W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDiamond with negative electron affinity (NEA) and low work function surfaces are suggested as a suitable material for electron‐generation applications in vacuum, in particular, as the emitter electrode in thermionic energy converters. Such NEA surfaces can be fabricated by evaporating and then annealing submonolayers of a suitable metal in vacuo onto bare or oxidized diamond. Among the metals studied, scandium termination of bare diamond (100) and (111) surfaces is recently reported to give the largest NEA values reported to date for a metal‐diamond system, as well as being thermally stable to 900 °C. It is now shown that preoxidized (100) diamond functionalized with 0.25 monolayers of Sc also produces a large NEA value of −1.02 eV with low work functions (<3.63 eV). Moreover, this surface is thermally stable to 700 °C and can withstand exposure to air for extended periods. Here, the structural and electronic properties of this Sc─O‐functionalized diamond surface are characterized in detail using a variety of surface‐science techniques. The results suggest that this material may be the ideal candidate for the fabrication of commercial thermionic energy conversion devices, e.g., for solar‐power generation, as well as for various other electronic devices that rely upon electron emission.
Elimination of Trace Tetracycline with Alkyl Modified MIL‐101 in Water
Authors: Li Yi , Peng Haoxin , Li Heming , Ma Qianhui , Zhang Xin , Chen Qiang , Li Jian‐Rong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe overuse of antibiotics poses a serious threat to human health and ecosystems. Therefore, the development of high‐performance antibiotic removal materials has attracted increasing attention. However, the adsorption and removal of trace amounts of antibiotics in aqueous systems still face significant challenges. Taking tetracycline (TC) as a representative antibiotic and based on its structural characteristics, a series of TC adsorbents are prepared by grafting alkyl groups to the framework of MIL‐101(Cr). The adsorptive capacity of the modified materials for tetracycline markedly surpasses that of MIL‐101(Cr), with MIL‐101‐dod achieving the best adsorption performance. MIL‐101‐dod demonstrated an outstanding ability to adsorb tetracycline at low concentrations, where a 5.0 mg sample of MIL‐101‐dod can reduce the concentration of a 90 mL 5 ppm tetracycline solution to below 1 ppb, significantly superior to other sorbents. XPS and IR tests indicate that MIL‐101‐dod has multiple weak interactions with tetracycline molecules, including C─H…O and C─H…π. This work provides theoretical and experimental support for the development of adsorbents for low‐concentration antibiotics.
Identifying Root Origin of Insulating Polymer Mediated Solar Water Oxidation
Authors: Liu Jia‐Liang , Yan Xian , Yuan Jiao‐Nan , Wu Yue , Wang Xin , Xiao Fang‐Xing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRational construction of high‐efficiency photoelectrodes with optimized carrier migration to the ideal active sites, is crucial for enhancing solar water oxidation. However, complexity in precisely modulating interface configuration and directional charge transfer pathways retards the design of robust and stable artificial photosystems. Herein, a straightforward yet effective strategy is developed for compact encapsulation of metal oxides (MOs) with an ultrathin non‐conjugated polymer layer to modulate interfacial charge migration and separation. By periodically coating highly ordered TiO2 nanoarrays with oppositely charged polyelectrolyte of poly(dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA), MOs/polymer composite photoanodes are readily fabricated under ambient conditions. It is verified that electrons photogenerated from the MOs substrate can be efficiently extracted by the ultrathin solid insulating PDDA layer, significantly boosting the carrier transport kinetics and enhancing charge separation of MOs, and thus triggering a remarkable enhancement in the solar water oxidation performance. The origins of the unexpected electron‐withdrawing capability of such non‐conjugated insulating polymer are unambiguously uncovered, and the scenario occurring at the interface of hybrid photoelectrodes is elucidated. The work would reinforce the fundamental understanding on the origins of generic charge transport capability of insulating polymer and benefit potential wide‐spread utilization of insulating polymers as co‐catalysts for solar energy conversion.