bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Charge Injection of Metal Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors by Stacked Electrodes of Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles and Silver Nanowires
Authors: Kim Chaewon , Kim Yong‐Hoon , Noh Yong‐Young , Hong Sung‐Jei , Lee Mi Jung 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSolution processed transparent electrodes are developed combining indium tin oxide nanoparticles (ITO‐NPs) and silver nanowires (Ag NWs) at low process temperature of 100 °C, compatible with solution processed indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) thin‐film transistors as source and drain electrodes. Four structures with various stacking of ITO‐NPs and Ag NWs are investigated. Although sole ITO‐NPs cannot provide the conductivity electrical properties of devices, including the mobility, threshold voltage, and subthreshold swing, are improved using ITO‐NPs over/under the Ag NWs. The mobility is enhanced by employing a hybrid electrode structure from 0.004 cm2 V−1 s−1 (single layer) to 3.42 cm2 V−1 s−1 (triple layer). The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–vis measurements reveal the electronic structure to confirm the increase of charge carrier concentration at the interface, when ITO‐NP/IGZO heterojunction is formed. The ITO‐NP layer acts as a buffer layer between the IGZO and Ag NWs layer to facilitate charge injection to reduce the contact resistance, while the Ag NWs supply conductivity. These are also confirmed by Hall measurement and contact resistance extraction. Hybrid electrodes developed here are promising approach for solution processed transparent electrodes toward transparent and flexible electronics with advantages of low‐cost process excluding vacuum system.
Nongeminate Recombination in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Göhler Clemens , Wagenpfahl Alexander , Deibel Carsten 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOrganic solar cells are still very interesting contenders for the mass production of low‐cost photovoltaics. However, the gap between the power conversion efficiency of ideal solar cells—the thermodynamic Shockley–Queisser limit—and state‐of‐the‐art organic photovoltaic devices is larger than for other current technologies. In this review, an overview of the dominant loss mechanism limiting this solar cell class is presented: nongeminate, nonradiative recombination of charge carriers.
Mechanically Tunable Magnetic Properties of Flexible SrRuO3 Epitaxial Thin Films on Mica Substrates
Authors: Liu Jindong , Feng Yu , Tang Rujun , Zhao Run , Gao Ju , Shi Daning , Yang Hao 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEpitaxial SrRuO3 (SRO) films with BaTiO3 buffer layer are deposited on mica substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The flexible film layers are subsequently prepared by mechanical exfoliation. The impact of mechanical strain on the magnetic properties of SRO is investigated. To control the applied mechanical strain, the prepared SRO films are firmly attached onto convex molds with different radii of curvature. The magnetization measurements are performed on SRO films under different mechanical strains. It is found that the magnetic properties of SRO films, including Curie temperature, saturated magnetic moment, and coercive field, depend strongly on the mechanical strain. The saturated moment can be enhanced from 1.2 to 3.2 µB per Ru by applying a compressive mechanical strain, which is presumably attributed to a spin state transition. The magnetic anisotropy can be varied as well by exerting mechanical compressive or tensile strain. The flexible SRO films on mica substrate with highly tunable magnetic properties show a great potential for novel applications in flexible electronics.
Unusual Formation of CoO@C “Dandelions” Derived from 2D Kagóme MOLs for Efficient Lithium Storage
Authors: Wu Fangfang , Zhang Shanshan , Xi Baojuan , Feng Zhenyu , Sun Di , Ma Xiaojian , Zhang Junhao , Feng Jinkui , Xiong Shenglin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDespite great breakthroughs, the search for anode materials with high performance for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) remains challenging. Hence, engineering advantageous structures via effective routes can bring new possibilities to the development of the LIB field. Herein, the precise synthesis of three‐dimensional (3D) hybrids of ultrathin carbon‐wrapped CoO (CoO@C) dandelions is reported by the pyrolysis of two‐dimensional (2D) Kagóme metal–organic layers (MOLs) at 400 °C under an Ar atmosphere. Due to the special coordination structure of the paternal MOLs, the resulting CoO nanowires show a small diameter of 5–10 nm and are uniformly confined within the ultrathin carbon layer. Based on the time‐dependent pyrolysis experiments, a crystal transformation mechanism of in situ self‐templated‐recrystallization‐self‐assembly accompanied by phase and morphology changes is first presented to reveal the formation of the 3D dandelion‐like spheres with assembly of nanowire arrays from a 2D Kagóme MOL. By virtue of structural and compositional features, including a 3D array structure, the small size of the primary ultrathin nanowires, and a uniform ultrathin graphitic carbon layer, these unique CoO@C dandelions display high specific capacity, good rate capability, and excellent cycling stability. Importantly, this approach can be extended to accurately synthesize other desired composite structures.
Gamma‐glutamyl transferase predicts future stroke: A Korean nationwide study
Authors: Yang Wookjin , Kim Chi Kyung , Kim Do Yeon , Jeong Han‐Gil , Lee Seung‐Hoon 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveAlthough gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) is generally regarded as an alternative biomarker for alcohol consumption, its independent role in vascular diseases emerged recently. However, its role in stroke remains unknown. The aim of this study is to clarify the impact of GGT on stroke in a large‐sized, national, standardized population cohort in Korea.MethodsIn Korea, the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) provides full‐coverage health insurance service for all citizens. Using data from the NHIS, the NHIS–National Sample Cohort was designed by randomly selecting 2% of Koreans, carefully considering demographic characteristics. We analyzed eligible individuals from this standardized cohort. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for the study investigating the relationship between GGT and stroke.ResultsAmong the 456,100 eligible participants, 7,459 patients (1.64%) developed stroke as follows: 5,789 ischemic strokes, 1,046 intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs), and 624 subarachnoid hemorrhages. GGT was independently correlated with increased risk of stroke after adjustment for alcohol consumption and stroke risk factors (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29–1.51). The risks of both ischemic stroke (HR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.32–1.58) and ICH (HR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.18–1.80) were significantly elevated with increasing GGT. Despite some effect modifications by sex, age, and alcohol, the risk of total stroke and ischemic stroke in association with GGT remained significant in all subgroups.InterpretationIn a standard Korean population, GGT was a novel biomarker predicting stroke risk, independently from alcohol consumption and other risk factors. Ann Neurol 2018;83:375–386
Neutrophil hyperactivation correlates with Alzheimer's disease progression
Authors: Dong Yuan , Lagarde Julien , Xicota Laura , Corne Hélène , Chantran Yannick , Chaigneau Thomas , Crestani Bruno , Bottlaender Michel , Potier Marie‐Claude , Aucouturier Pierre , Dorothée Guillaume , Sarazin Marie , Elbim Carole 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveRecent studies have underlined the effect of systemic inflammation on the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neutrophils are key components of early innate immunity and contribute to uncontrolled systemic inflammation if not tightly regulated. The aim of our study was to fully characterize human circulating neutrophils at different disease stages in AD.MethodsWe analyzed neutrophil phenotypes and functions in 42 patients with AD (16 with mild cognitive impairment and 26 with dementia), and compared them to 22 age‐matched healthy subjects. This study was performed directly in whole blood to avoid issues with data interpretation related to cell isolation procedures.ResultsBlood samples from AD patients with dementia revealed neutrophil hyperactivation associated with increased reactive oxygen species production and increased levels of intravascular neutrophil extravascular traps. The homeostasis of circulating neutrophils in these patients also changed: The ratio between the harmful hyperreactive CXCR4high/CD62Llow senescent and the CD16bright/CD62Ldim immunosuppressive neutrophil subsets rose in the later stage of the disease. These abnormalities were greater in fast‐decliner than in slow‐decliner patients.InterpretationOur results indicate that the inflammatory properties of circulating neutrophils shift as the percentage of aged neutrophils expands in patients with AD—changes that may play an instrumental role in establishing systemic chronic inflammation. Most important, our data strongly suggest that the neutrophil phenotype may be associated with the rate of cognitive decline and may thus constitute an innovative and prognostic blood biomarker in patients with AD. Ann Neurol 2018;83:387–405
Epoxides as Alkylating Reagents for the Catellani Reaction
Authors: Cheng Hong‐Gang , Wu Chenggui , Chen Han , Chen Ruiming , Qian Guangyin , Geng Zhi , Wei Qiang , Xia Yuanyuan , Zhang Jingyang , Zhang Yuming , Zhou Qianghui 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe report a cooperative catalytic system comprising a PdII complex, XPhos, and the potassium salt of 5‐norbornene‐2‐carboxylic acid that enables the use of epoxides as alkylating reagents in the Catellani reaction, thereby expanding the existing paradigm of this powerful transformation. The potassium salt of inexpensive 5‐norbornene‐2‐carboxylic acid acts as both mediator and base in the process. This mild, chemoselective, scalable, and atom‐economical protocol is compatible with a wide variety of readily available functionalized aryl iodides and epoxides, as well as terminating olefins. The resulting products undergo facile oxa‐Michael addition to furnish ubiquitous isochroman scaffolds.
Solution behavior of water‐soluble poly(acrylamide‐co‐sulfobetaine) with intensive antisalt performance as an enhanced oil‐recovery chemical
Authors: Zhang Qin , Gou Shaohua , Zhao Lei , Fei Yumei , Zhou Lihua , Li Shiwei , Wu Yuanpeng , Guo Qipeng 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTIn the process of oilfield development, salt tolerance is an important property for enhanced oil‐recovery (EOR) chemicals. In this study, we synthesized two acrylamide‐based sulfobetaine copolymers containing 2‐hydroxy‐3‐[(3‐methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]propane sulfonate (SHPP) or 3‐(4‐acry‐loyl‐1‐methyl‐piperazinio)‐2‐hydroxypropane sulfonate (SHMP). The interactions between these two copolymers and inorganic salts were compared, and the apparent viscosity (ηapp) behaviors of copolymer–salt solutions at different shear rates and temperatures were investigated. We found that the ηapp of PAPP and PAMP showed intensive antisalt performance, exhibiting an excellent antipolyelectrolyte effect. The ηapp retention value of 30,000 mg/L PAMP in brine was 86.47 mPa s at 510 s−1, and when the temperature was increased to 90 °C, it was 99.73 mPa s; this was better than that of PAPP under the same conditions. Therefore, PAMP was more applicable as an EOR chemical that have outstanding salt tolerance and temperature resistance. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46235
Nutzung von BIM in der Angebotsbearbeitung
Authors: Schwerdtner Patrick 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDie derzeitigen Diskussionen zur Methodik des Building Information Modeling (BIM) sind geprägt von sehr visionären und idealistischen Ansätzen. Immer wieder wird hervorgehoben, dass sich durch die BIM‐Methode Daten und Informationen eines Bauprojekts über alle Phasen des Lebenszyklus modellbasiert dokumentieren, austauschen und nutzen lassen. Diese Vision ist einerseits zu begrüßen, da nur durch das Aufzeigen der vielfältigen Möglichkeiten und zukünftiger Vorteile alternativer und kollaborativer Arbeitsweisen die dringend notwendigen Veränderungsprozesse in der Bauwirtschaft angestoßen werden. Andererseits hinterlassen diese großen Bilder zukünftiger Projektrealisierungen gerade bei vielen ausführenden Unternehmen den Eindruck, dass die Ansätze mit der aktuellen Praxis nur schwer in Einklang zu bringen sind.Dennoch nutzen insbesondere Generalunternehmer seit geraumer Zeit die neuen digitalen Möglichkeiten und erstellen – unabhängig von existierenden Datenstrukturen – bereits in der Angebotsbearbeitung eigene 3‐D‐Modelle. Im Folgenden werden wesentliche Aspekte dieser modellbasierten Angebotsbearbeitung erläutert, um die besondere Perspektive der ausführenden Unternehmen und einhergehende Vorteile zu beschreiben. Abschließend werden zwei Wege zur Entwicklung einer konsistenten digitalen Prozesskette skizziert.
Alterations in local stability and dynamics of A4V SOD1 in the presence of trifluoroethanol
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Prakash Amresh , Lynn Andrew M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAlterations in the local dynamics of Cu/Zn Superoxide dismutase (SOD1) due to mutations affect the protein folding, stability, and function leading to misfolding and aggregation seen in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we study the structure and dynamics of the most devastating ALS mutation, A4V SOD1 in aqueous trifluoroethanol (TFE) through experiments and simulation. Far‐UV circular dichroism (CD) studies shows that TFE at intermediate concentrations (∼15% ‐ 30%) induce partially unfolded β‐sheet‐rich extended conformations in A4V SOD1 which subsequently aggregates. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results shows that A4V SOD1 increases local dynamics in the active site loops that leads to the destabilization of the β‐barrel and loss of hydrophobic contacts, thus stipulating a basis for aggregation. Free energy landscape (FEL) and essential dynamics (ED) analysis demonstrates the conformational heterogeneity in A4V SOD1. Our results thus shed light on the role of local unfolding and conformational dynamics in aggregation of SOD1.
Targeted metabolomic analysis of 33 amino acids and biogenic amines in human urine by ion‐pairing HPLC‐MS/MS: Biomarkers for tacrolimus nephrotoxicity after renal transplantation
Authors: Xia Tianyi , Fu Shangxi , Wang Qinghua , Wen Yan , Chan Shen‐an , Zhu Sang , Gao Shouhong , Tao Xia , Zhang Feng , Chen Wansheng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCalcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity, especially for the widely used tacrolimus, has become a major concern in post‐transplant immunosuppression. Multiparametric amino acid metabolomics is useful for biomarker identification of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity, for which specific quantitative methods are highlighted as a premise. This article presents a targeted metabolomic assay to quantify 33 amino acids and biogenic amines in human urine by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Agilent Zorbax SB‐C18 column (3.0 × 150 mm, 5 μm) with addition of an ion‐pairing agent in the mobile phase, and MS/MS detection was achieved in both the positive and negative multiple reaction monitoring modes. Good correlation coefficients (r2 > 0.98) were obtained for most analytes. Intra‐ and inter‐day precision, stability, carryover and incurred sample reanalysis met with the acceptance criteria of the guidance of the US Food and Drug Administration. Analysis on urine from healthy volunteers and renal transplantation patients with tacrolimus nephrotoxicity confirmed symmetric dimethylarginine and serine as biomarkers for kidney injury, with AUC values of 0.95 and 0.81 in receiver operating characteristic analysis, respectively. Additionally, symmetric dimethylarginine exhibited a tight correlation with serum creatinine, and was therefore indicative of renal function. The targeted metabolomic assay was time and cost prohibitive for amino acid analysis in human urine, facilitating the biomarker identification of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity.
Pentachloropseudilin Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor‐β (TGF‐β) Activity by Accelerating Cell‐Surface Type II TGF‐β Receptor Turnover in Target Cells
Authors: Chung Chih‐Ling , Wang Shih‐Wei , Martin René , Knölker Hans‐Joachim , Kao Yu‐Chen , Lin Ming‐Hong , Chen Jih‐Jung , Huang Yaw‐Bin , Wu Deng‐Chyang , Chen Chun‐Lin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPentachloropseudilin (PClP) is a chlorinated phenylpyrrole compound that was first isolated from Actinoplanes (ATCC33002), and its structure has been confirmed by chemical synthesis. PClP shows broad antimicrobial activity against Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and yeast. In mammalian cells, PClP is known to act as a reversible and allosteric inhibitor of myosin 1c (Myo1c). Herein, we report that PCIP is a potent inhibitor of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β)‐stimulated signaling. PCIP inhibits TGF‐β‐stimulated Smad2/3 phosphorylation and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) promoter activation with an IC50 of 0.1 μm in target cells (A549, HepG2, and Mv1Lu cells). In addition, PCIP attenuates TGF‐β‐stimulated expression of vimentin, N‐cadherin, and fibronectin and, thus, blocks TGF‐β‐induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in these cells. Furthermore, cell‐surface labeling and immunoblot analysis indicates that PCIP suppresses TGF‐β‐stimulated cellular responses by attenuating cell‐surface expression of the type II TGF‐β receptor through accelerating caveolae‐mediated internalization followed by primarily lysosome‐dependent degradation of the receptor, as demonstrated by sucrose density gradient analysis and immune fluorescence staining.
Cabazitaxel inhibits proliferation and potentiates the radiation response of U87MG glioblastoma cells
Authors: Neshasteh‐Riz Ali , Zeinizade Elham , Safa Majid , Mousavizadeh Kazem 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCabazitaxel is a second‐generation semisynthetic taxane. The recognized anti‐neoplastic effect of Cabazitaxel is cell cycle perturbation by inducing arrest at G2/M. Since glioblastoma tumors have a relatively high expression of P‐gp, it is encouraging to find a treatment that is effective against these tumors. This study was conducted to examine the radiosensitizing potential of Cabazitaxel against U87MG cells. In order to evaluate the effect of Cabazitaxel, cells were treated with different concentrations of the drug at different time intervals and then cytotoxicity and cell cycle were assessed using MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Annexin/PI and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used to evaluate the extent of apoptosis. Cabazitaxel exerted a consistent G2/M arrest and resulted in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent toxicity. Cabazitaxel enhanced the cytotoxicity response of U87MG cells to radiation. Apoptosis increased following Cabazitaxel‐IR administration. At the same time, these results were further supported by apoptotic genes regulation. This study provides the first preclinical evidence supporting that Cabazitaxel can render U87MG cells more susceptible to the cytotoxicity of radiation and could potentially be administered in combination modalities as a promising cell cycle‐specific radiosensitizer for the future steps of in vivo evaluation.
Sphingomyelin in microdomains of the plasma membrane regulates amino acid‐stimulated mTOR signal activation
Authors: Zama Kota , Mitsutake Susumu , Okazaki Toshiro , Igarashi Yasuyuki 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSphingomyelin (SM) is required for cells to proliferate, but the reason is not fully understood. In order to asses this question, we employed a cell line, ZS, which lacks both SMS1 and SMS2, isolated from mouse embryonic fibroblasts in SMS1 and 2 double knockout mouse, and SMS1 or SMS2 re‐expressing cells, ZS/SMS1 or ZS/SMS2, respectively. We investigated regulation of SM in activating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signal induced by essential amino acids (EAA), using these cells. EAA‐stimulated mTOR signal was more activated in ZS/SMS1 and ZS/SMS2 cells than in controls. Treatment with methyl‐b‐cyclodextrin dramatically inhibited the activation. Interestingly, we found that the expression of CD98, LAT‐1 and ASCT‐2, amino acid transporters concerned with mTOR activation, was down‐regulated in ZS cells. Transporters localized in microdomains and formed a functional complex. Our results indicate that SM affect proliferation through the transport of amino acids via SM‐enriched microdomains.
A novel homozygous mutation in the mannose phosphate isomerase gene causing congenital disorder of glycation and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in an infant
Authors: Deeb Asma , Al Amoodi Abdulla 
Published: January 2018

Key Clinical MessageWe report a 4 years girl with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) type Ib due to a novel homozygous mutation in MPI gene. She presented with diazoxide‐responsive hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. CDG should be considered in unexplained hypoglycemia particularly in consanguineous families. Diagnosis enables monitoring/prevention of disease comorbidities and early effective treatment.
Synergistic Hematite‐Fullerene Electron‐Extracting Layers for Improved Efficiency and Stability in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Hou Qinzhi , Ren Jing , Chen Haijun , Yang Pan , Shao Qian , Zhao Min , Zhao Xiaochong , He Hongcai , Wang Ning , Luo Qiang , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHematite, α‐Fe2O3, is arising as a promising electron‐extraction material in perovskite solar cells, yet present α‐Fe2O3‐based perovskite solar cells still show unsatisfactory efficiencies owing to large charge recombination. In this contribution, phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and α‐Fe2O3 synergistically worked together as the electron transport layer (ETL) in planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. The introduction of fullerene at the top of the α‐Fe2O3 ETL improved the crystallinity of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite and facilitated electron extraction. As a consequence, a substantially retarded charge recombination largely boosted the short‐circuit current density and power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. The optimized perovskite solar cells with α‐Fe2O3/PCBM ETL showed a competitive power conversion efficiency of 14.2 %, which is 20 % higher than that of pristine α‐Fe2O3‐based solar cells. Moreover, α‐Fe2O3/PCBM‐based perovskite solar cells exhibited improved stability compared to the pristine α‐Fe2O3‐based devices, retaining over 95 % of their initial values after 45 days storage in dark in humid air.
Nonparametric algorithm for identification of outliers in environmental data
Authors: Čampulová Martina , Michálek Jaroslav , Mikuška Pavel , Bokal Drago 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOutliers that can significantly affect data analysis are frequently present in environmental data sets. Most methods suggested for the detection of outliers impose restrictions on the distribution of analysed variables. However, in many environmental areas, the observed variable is influenced by a lot of different factors and its distribution is often difficult to find or cannot be estimated. Therefore, an approach for the identification of outliers in environmental time series based on nonparametric statistical techniques is presented. The core principle of the algorithm is to smoothen the data using nonparametric regression with variable bandwidth and subsequently analyse the residuals by nonparametric statistical methods. In the case that the distribution of the analysed variable is normal an efficient statistical method based on normality assumptions is presented as well. The proposed procedure is applied for the identification of outliers in hourly concentrations of particulate matter and verified by simulations.