bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predict the Reparability of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears?
Authors: Kim Jung Youn , Park Ji Seon , Rhee Yong Girl 
Published: March 2017

Background:Numerous studies have shown preoperative fatty infiltration of rotator cuff muscles to be strongly negatively correlated with the successful repair of massive rotator cuff tears (RCTs).Purpose:To assess the association between factors identified on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially infraspinatus fatty infiltration, and the reparability of massive RCTs.Study Design:Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods:We analyzed a total of 105 patients with massive RCTs for whom MRI was performed ≤6 months before arthroscopic procedures. The mean age of the patients was 62.7 years (range, 46-83 years), and 46 were men. Among them, complete repair was possible in 50 patients (48%) and not possible in 55 patients (52%). The tangent sign, fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff, and Patte classification were evaluated as predictors of reparability. Using the receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve (AUC), the prediction accuracy of each variable and combinations of variables were measured.Results:Reparability was associated with fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus ( P = .0045) and infraspinatus ( P < .001) muscles, the tangent sign ( P = .0033), and the Patte classification ( P < .001) but not with fatty infiltration of the subscapularis and teres minor ( P = .425 and .132, respectively). The cut-off values for supraspinatus and infraspinatus fatty infiltration were grade >3 and grade >2, respectively. The examination of single variables revealed that infraspinatus fatty infiltration showed the highest AUC value (0.812; sensitivity: 0.86; specificity: 0.76), while the tangent sign showed the lowest AUC value (0.626; sensitivity: 0.38; specificity: 0.87). Among 2-variable combinations, the combination of infraspinatus fatty infiltration and the Patte classification showed the highest AUC value (0.874; sensitivity: 0.54; specificity: 0.96). The combination of 4 variables, that is, infraspinatus and supraspinatus fatty infiltration, the tangent sign, and the Patte classification, had an AUC of 0.866 (sensitivity: 0.28; specificity: 0.98), which was lower than the highest AUC value (0.874; sensitivity: 0.54; specificity: 0.96) among the 2-variable combinations.Conclusion:The tangent sign or Patte classification alone was not a predictive indicator of the reparability of massive RCTs. Among single variables, infraspinatus fatty infiltration was the most effective in predicting reparability, while the combination of Goutallier classification <3 of the infraspinatus and Patte classification ≤2 of the rotator cuff muscles was the most predictive among the combinations of variables. This information may help predict the reparability of massive RCTs.
Perturbing Status of Vitamin B12 in Indian Infants and Their Mothers
Authors: Mittal Medha , Bansal Vijayashri , Jain Rahul , Dabla Pradeep Kumar 
Published: March 2017

Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency in early life can adversely affect the growth of developing brain with myriad of neurodevelopmental manifestations. At this age, the deficiency is usually the result of low maternal levels. Objectives: To assess the vitamin B12 status of healthy exclusively breast-fed Indian infants aged 1 to 6 months and their mothers. Methods: One hundred term exclusively breast-fed infants aged 1 to 6 months attending pediatric outpatient department were recruited. Hemogram, serum B12, folate, and ferritin levels were obtained from each infant–mother pair. Results: The prevalence of B12 deficiency in infants was found to be 57%. Forty-six percent of mothers were deficient. There was a positive correlation ( r = .23) between the B12 levels of the infants and their mothers. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in Indian infants and their mothers. There is an urgent need to supplement our population with vitamin B12, and the best time to do this would be antenatal.
Barriers to Quitting Smoking Among Young Adults: The Role of Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Carlson Samantha , Widome Rachel , Fabian Lindsey , Luo Xianghua , Forster Jean 
Published: March 2017

Purpose: The aims of this analysis were to explore how self-reported barriers to quitting vary by socioeconomic status (SES) among young-adult smokers and to assess their relationship to quitting. Design: This analysis uses 2 waves of telephone-survey data from the Minnesota Adolescent Community Cohort study. Setting: Midwestern United States. Participants: Participants (n = 419) were smokers aged 17 to 24 years. Measures: Socioeconomic status was estimated using the highest level of education completed by the participants’ parents. Demographics, smoking behavior, and perceived barriers to quitting were collected via survey questions. Analysis: Differences in barriers by SES were assessed using prevalence ratios (PRs). Relative risks were calculated to assess the association between barriers and quitting status 1 year later, testing for effect modification by SES. Results: Compared to the high SES group (n = 314), the low SES group (n = 105) was more likely to report several barriers to quitting; however, only the risk of gaining weight was significantly more common (PR: 1.38 [1.05-1.83]). There were no significant associations between barriers and quitting status 1 year later, but the number of cigarettes per day was consistently related to the likelihood of quitting 1 year later, regardless of SES. Conclusion: Despite the limited generalizability to racially diverse populations and different geographic locations, the results suggest perceived barriers may not differ by SES or predict quitting among young adults; however, nicotine dependence may play an important role.
Effects of Corrective Taping on Balance and Gait in Patients With Hallux Valgus
Authors: Gur Gozde , Ozkal Ozden , Dilek Burcu , Aksoy Songul , Bek Nilgun , Yakut Yavuz 
Published: March 2017

Background: Taping is an effective temporary therapy for improving hallux valgus (HV) in adults. Although HV has been demonstrated to impair postural balance, there is a lack of information about how corrective taping affects balance and gait patterns in adults with HV deformity. Methods: Eighteen middle-aged female patients (average age, 53.5 years) with HV were included. Corrective tape was applied to correct HV angulation. A series of balance and gait stability tests were performed before applying tape and 1 hour after the tape was applied with a Balance Master computerized posturography device. The study involved the following tests: modified clinical test of sensory interaction and balance (mCTSIB), unilateral stance (US), limit of stability (LoS), step up/over (SUO), and walk across (WA) tests. Results: No significant difference was found between the no-tape and taped condition in the static balance mCTSIB and US tests ( P > .05). The taping intervention resulted in significant improvement in the dynamic balance measures for the LoS test’s backward reaction time and left maximum excursion ( P < .05), a significantly higher impact index bilaterally in the SUO assessment ( P < .05), and an increase in step width mean and variability in the WA test ( P < .05). Conclusions: Taping for correcting HV angulation had negative acute effects on dynamic balance in the SUO and WA tests and positive effects in the LoS test. Clinical Relevance: Corrective taping, although a form of conservative treatment for hallux valgus, has been insufficiently studied in terms of effects on balance. Our results show that taping, as an acute effect, may impair balance in middle-aged adults when walking or ascending and descending stairs.
An update on the role of advanced diagnostic bronchoscopy in the evaluation and staging of lung cancer
Authors: Belanger Adam R. , Akulian Jason A. 
Published: March 2017

Lung cancer remains a common and deadly disease. Many modalities are available to the bronchoscopist to evaluate and stage lung cancer. We review the role of bronchoscopy in the staging of the mediastinum with convex endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and discuss emerging role of esophageal ultrasonography as a complementary modality. In addition, we discuss advances in scope technology and elastography. We review the bronchoscopic methods available for the diagnosis of peripheral lung nodules including radial EBUS and navigational bronchoscopy (NB) with a consideration of the basic methodologies and diagnostic accuracies. We conclude with a discussion of the comparison of the various methodologies.
The anatomy, organisation and development of contralateral callosal projections of the mouse somatosensory cortex
Authors: Fenlon Laura R. , Suárez Rodrigo , Richards Linda J. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Alterations in the development of neuronal connectivity can result in dramatic outcomes for brain function. In the cerebral cortex, most sensorimotor and higher-order functions require coordination between precise regions of both hemispheres through the axons that form the corpus callosum. However, little is known about how callosal axons locate and innervate their contralateral targets. Methods: Here, we use a combination of in utero electroporation, retrograde tracing, sensory deprivation and high-resolution axonal quantification to investigate the development, organisation and activity dependence of callosal axons arising from the primary somatosensory cortex of mice. Results: We show that distinct contralateral projections arise from different neuronal populations and form homotopic and heterotopic circuits. Callosal axons innervate the contralateral hemisphere following a dorsomedial to ventrolateral and region-specific order. Furthermore, we identify two periods of region- and layer-specific developmental exuberance that correspond to initial callosal axon innervation and subsequent arborisation. Early sensory deprivation affects only the latter of these events. Conclusion: Taken together, these results reveal the main developmental events of contralateral callosal targeting and may aid future understanding of the formation and pathologies of brain connectivity.
Induced polarization response of porous media with metallic particles — Part 5: Influence of the background polarization
Authors: Revil André , Sleevi Michael F. , Mao Deqiang 
Published: March 2017

Very often, ore bodies are found in altered porous materials that are rich in clay minerals. These altered rocks are in turn characterized by a relatively high normalized chargeability (product of the chargeability by the high frequency conductivity) or electrical quadrature conductivity with respect to clay-free materials. We have performed 36 experiments in which dispersed pyrite grains were mixed with a background host material composed of some pore water (NaCl, [Formula: see text] at 25°C or tap water), Na-exchanged bentonite, and silica grains. The induced polarization spectra were obtained in the frequency range of 1 mHz to 45 kHz at room temperature ([Formula: see text]). The spectra of the background porous materials alone (i.e., without pyrite) were also measured. The normalized chargeability and the quadrature conductivity of the sand-clay mixtures are consistent with available theoretical relationships. These new data complete previous data sets showing a clear relationship among the normalized chargeability, quadrature conductivity, surface conductivity, and cation exchange capacity. Bentonite is characterized by very high quadrature and surface conductivities. The normalized chargeability and the quadrature conductivity of the sand-clay mixtures (no pyrite) increase with the clay content. In the presence of pyrite, the chargeability and the phase lag depend primarily on the volume content of pyrite in a predictable way. The Cole-Cole exponent, characterizing the particle size distribution of the pyrite grains, is independent of the clay content. Still, in the presence of pyrite, the magnitude of the phase peak and the phase peak frequency depend on the clay content in a way that is not explained by the current model. We have observed that the Cole-Cole relaxation time, in the presence of pyrite, is inversely proportional to the conductivity of the background material.
Book Reviews
Authors: Shen Wenjing 
Published: March 2017

In Book Reviews, we review an extensive and diverse range of books. They cover theory and applications in operations research, statistics, management science, econometrics, mathematics, computers, and information systems. In addition, we include books in other fields that emphasize technical applications. The editor will be pleased to receive an email from those willing to review a book, with an indication of specific areas of interest. If you are aware of a specific book that you would like to review, or that you think should be reviewed, please contact the editor. The following books are reviewed in this issue of Interfaces, 47(1), January–February 2017: Decision Science for Housing and Community Development: Localized and Evidence-Based Responses to Distressed Housing and Blighted Communities, Michael P. Johnson, Jeffrey M. Keisler, Senay Solak, David A. Turcotte, Armagan Bayram, and Rachel Bogardus Drew; Linear and Mixed Integer Programming for Portfolio Optimization, Renata Mansini, Wlodzimierz Ogryczak, and M. Grazia Speranza.
Waste, Leaks, and Failures in the Biomarker Pipeline
Authors: Ioannidis John P A , Bossuyt Patrick M M 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The large, expanding literature on biomarkers is characterized by almost ubiquitous significant results, with claims about the potential importance, but few of these discovered biomarkers are used in routine clinical care.

CONTENT
The pipeline of biomarker development includes several specific stages: discovery, validation, clinical translation, evaluation, implementation (and, in the case of nonutility, deimplementation). Each of these stages can be plagued by problems that cause failures of the overall pipeline. Some problems are nonspecific challenges for all biomedical investigation, while others are specific to the peculiarities of biomarker research. Discovery suffers from poor methods and incomplete and selective reporting. External independent validation is limited. Selection for clinical translation is often shaped by nonrational choices. Evaluation is sparse and the clinical utility of many biomarkers remains unknown. The regulatory environment for biomarkers remains weak and guidelines can reach biased or divergent recommendations. Removing inefficient or even harmful biomarkers that have been entrenched in clinical care can meet with major resistance.

SUMMARY
The current biomarker pipeline is too prone to failures. Consideration of clinical needs should become a starting point for the development of biomarkers. Improvements can include the use of more stringent methodology, better reporting, larger collaborative studies, careful external independent validation, preregistration, rigorous systematic reviews and umbrella reviews, pivotal randomized trials, and implementation and deimplementation studies. Incentives should be aligned toward delivering useful biomarkers.
Architectural Forensics in Anonymous Monsters
Authors: Murray Shaun 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Architecture is a crime if it does not involve environmental DNA and digital forensics to aid in the design of the building. Architectural Forensics in Anonymous Monsters is a chthonic zenoarchaeology that constructs new models of thinking through construction and physical construction with the earth. The anonymous monster could be the alternative contracting/constructing models and ideas that architects consider valuable and inherently fundamental for architecture – the scaffolding of thought and the scaffolding of buildings. This scaffolding could become the anonymous support structure that enables but also underpins the monster under construction. This article is a design project developed to a highly tuned theoretical standpoint on how technology alters consciousness for the individual and for society. With coined phrases such as ‘reflexive architecture’ to explore the collapse of the biological and information divides whilst has re-applied the term syncretism to explain our experience of multiple realities at once. Technology is a tool and a means for individuals to explore pre-conceptions of themselves, to enter separate realities and bring back information. A computer can therefore be likened to undertaking a similar role to that of a shaman in accessing different levels of consciousness. Building as a constructed reality.
The textile interior: Imagining a transformative architecture
Authors: Thomsen Mette Ramsgaard , Bech Karin 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The article explores the heritage of textiles in architecture as a medium for a transformative architecture. It explores the means by which textiles act and suggests textiles as a main bearer of spatial imagination and meaning. Here, alternative architectural concepts of transportability, storytelling, propaganda, exoticism and the scenographic are situated and explored, presenting a framework in which transformation and richness are central themes. By presenting a series of studies – The Curtain Projects – the article aims to uphold this broader imagination of how textiles can take a real part in how we think, live and build architecture today.
4 years old forever
Authors: Herperger Colin 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
An inquisitive sense of play begins to foster a curiosity that can grow and extend itself throughout a lifetime. This article looks at how drawing three-dimensionally with reflected light allows an opportunity for drawing to be constructed at the same speed as imagination occurs within one’s mind. The opportunity of the drawing method leads to a range of interpretive potentials developed through two design research projects including a chandelier projection device and the architecture of a kindergarten. The research allows for the contribution of various instantaneous imaginations to contaminate the drawing process without the necessity of completely making sense at the time of the idea’s conception. In order to foster such a delight for inventive play through drawing out one’s imagination, the construction of a dysfunctional logic is developed as a sort of rule set to allow the growth of confidence within uncertain methods that hold an intuitive trust. Spatial invention through drawing leads to a range of physical models and constructions that seek to enjoy the translation of what is perceived within the reflected light drawings into physical realities. The intention of the research is to embrace this role of curious play and encourage its potential for a more engaged existence. This is undertaken by actively partaking in the process of design through making while simultaneously encouraging misbehaviour and the pleasure of uncertain discovery. The work trusts that the projects may develop as a number of diverse yet collaborative pieces that feel no responsibility to appear as a cohesive whole. An attitude of inventiveness sets up a curiosity to learn to see more in the world than what is obviously presented. Once we have begun to find such a world, how can we start to play with it?
feature article: Baby factory: Romance and reproduction in Norway’s first sound film
Authors: Gunn Olivia Noble 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This article considers expressions of ambivalence at the intersections of gender, industry and urbanity in Norway’s first sound film, Den store barnedåpen (The Great Christening) (Ibsen, 1931). Despite its status as a city film, The Great Christening conveys a subtly anti-industrial message, suggesting that true happiness is to be found at a short but significant distance from the factory. Previous scholarship on gender has considered the innovative depiction of Ibsen’s male protagonist Harald and his soft or domestic masculinity. This article uses close reading and historical research on the family in inter-war Norway to reconsider such characterization, as well as the distinct position of the biological mother in the film. The Great Christening expresses great confidence in Norwegian kinship, fertility and urban possibilities. At the same time, it separates romance and reproduction, keeping its male hero at a distance from the anxious association of working-class mothers and mechanization.
Walking together: Shared authority and co-mentorship between two artists on the move
Authors: Vaughan Kathleen , Pyne Feinberg Pohanna 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We invite you to join us as we explore our co-mentorship through walking, artmaking and writing, all core aspects of our practices as artists. While meandering through the rich sensorial environment of Montreal’s waterside Parc-nature de l’Île-de-la-Visitation, our reactions to the surroundings played an influential role in shaping the character of this article. Our ideas emerged through the quiet heat of the early spring sunshine and amidst intermittent remarks about the birds flying by, the directionality of the flowing river, the strength of the wind, the sounds of lapping water, the families enjoying picnics, the demographics of the neighbourhood surrounding the park, and even the roar of a hydro dam we encountered for the first time. Drawing on a posthumanist framework, notions of shared authority borrowed from oral history, methods of call-and-response, and co-mentorship, the authors – a doctoral supervisor and a doctoral candidate in Art Education at Concordia University in Montreal – reflect on their hopes for and experiences of their work together as complementary, convergent, concurrent and symbiotic.
A quest for sacred knowledge: Mentorship to partnership
Authors: Black Rebecka , Garber Elizabeth , Neff Yuwen Eryn , Sharma Manisha 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Faced with the challenge of developing a mentorship relationship between faculty and graduate students that would result in a partnership, intrepid scholars Becky, Elizabeth, Eryn and Manisha encounter uncertainty, disillusionment and teaching obstacles. Optimism is followed, in their working process, by a search for a meaningful focus for the collaboration that charts new territory and simultaneously captures the interest of each scholar. Beginning with the broad theme of technological tools in teaching, they move to the educational use of video games and settle on the concept of play. Their persistence leads to a change of mission, one that grows out of their mutual work and discussions together, and commitment to their roles in a supportive partnership that involves a ‘community of practice’ (Wenger et al. 2002). The trust this establishes allows for a questioning of the concept of Sacred Knowledge in Academia during the writing process.
Adivasi aesthetic knowing: A duographic account
Authors: Hickman Richard , Sinha Pallawi 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Using the different voices of the mentor and mentee, we engage with the notion of creating and conferring aesthetic significance as it occurs in the everyday lives of everyday peoples. We investigate how the arts empower marginalized ‘voice’ by enabling multimodal expressions and access to information that other methods may not elicit. This article takes the form of a ‘duography’, reporting an empirical study that focused upon an Adi Jan Jaati or Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) of Jharkhand, in north-eastern India. In particular, we focus upon this indigenous community’s epistemic and aesthetic practices. The article thus offers discussions on how aesthetic experiences and activities are essential means of being, of engagement and communication, and of (re)building trust with the community. We conclude by demonstrating the relevance of everyday aesthetics for the development of sustainable educational systems and future citizenship. Standing back, we acknowledge the reciprocal learning that occurs between the researcher and the ‘researched’, the doctoral student and supervisor.