bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approach of Land Cover Based Asymptotic Curve Number Regression Equation to Estimate Runoff
Authors: Ryu Jichul , Jung Younghun , Kong Dong Soo , Park Bae Kyung , Kim Yong Seok , Engel Bernard A. , Lim Kyoung Jae 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe Natural Resources Conservation Service‐Curve Number (NRCS‐CN) method has been used widely for estimation of direct runoff. However, the determination methods of CN values for land covers from the National Engineering Handbook Chapter 4 (NEH‐4) are inadequate due to uncertainty raised in determining the of the hydrologic soil group, which could change from reported soil survey data due to soil compaction and other human activities. To overcome these drawbacks, an asymptotic CN (ACN) regression equation for the relationship between measured streamflow and rainfall for gauged river basins (ACN‐RB) was developed and used in various studies. The ACN‐RB determines various CN values depending on the amount of rainfall in an event. The ACN‐RB has limitations in application to ungauged river basin because the ACN‐based CN values do not consider various land covers. Accordingly, 13 land cover‐based asymptotic CN regression equations (LC‐ACN‐REs) were developed and evaluated in this study by comparing estimated direct runoff with measured data. The estimated direct runoff using the LC‐ACN‐REs, which were classified as “standard types”, matched observed direct runoff well, as evidenced by a Nash‐Sutcliff efficiency (NSE) value of 0.78 for Jungrang A basin and a NSE value of 0.73 for Tancheon A basin. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of Bone Fragility in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Using QCT-Based Finite Element Modeling
Authors: Campbell Graeme M , Peña Jaime A , Giravent Sarah , Thomsen Felix , Damm Timo , Glüer Claus-C , Borggrefe Jan 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disease associated with severe bone destruction. Surgical intervention is often required to prevent vertebral body collapse and resulting neurological complications; however, its necessity is determined by measuring lesion size or number, without considering bone biomechanics. Finite element (FE) modeling, which simulates the physiological loading, may improve the prediction of fragility. To test this, we developed a quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-based FE model of the vertebra and applied it to a dataset of MM patients with and without prevalent fracture. FE models were generated from vertebral QCT scans of the T12 (T11 if T12 was fractured) of 104 MM patients, 45 with fracture and 59 without, using a low-dose scan protocol (1.5 mm slice thickness, 4.0 to 6.5 mSv effective dose). A calibration phantom enabled the conversion of the CT Hounsfield units to FE material properties. Compressive loading of the vertebral body was simulated and the stiffness, yield load, and work to yield determined. To compare the parameters between fracture and nonfracture groups, t tests were used, and standardized odds ratios (sOR, normalized to standard deviation) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. FE parameters were compared to mineral and structural parameters using linear regression. Patients with fracture showed lower vertebral stiffness (–15.2%; p = 0.010; sOR = 1.73; 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.70), yield force (–21.5%; p = 0.002; sOR = 2.09; 95% CI, 1.27 to 3.43), and work to yield (–27.4%; p = 0.001; sOR = 2.28; 95% CI, 1.33 to 3.92) compared to nonfracture patients. All parameters correlated significantly with vBMD (stiffness: R2 = 0.57, yield force: R2 = 0.59, work to yield: R2 = 0.50, p &lt; 0.001), BV/TV (stiffness: R2 = 0.56, yield force: R2 = 0.58, work to yield: R2 = 0.49, p &lt; 0.001), and Tb.Sp (stiffness: R2 = 0.51, yield force: R2 = 0.53, work to yield: R2 = 0.45, p &lt; 0.001). FE modeling identified MM patients with compromised mechanical integrity of the vertebra. Higher sOR values were obtained for the biomechanical compared to structural or mineral measures, suggesting that FE modeling improves fragility assessment in these patients. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Heritability of Thoracic Spine Curvature and Genetic Correlations With Other Spine Traits: The Framingham Study
Authors: Yau Michelle S , Demissie Serkalem , Zhou Yanhua , Anderson Dennis E , Lorbergs Amanda L , Kiel Douglas P , Allaire Brett T , Yang Laiji , Cupples L Adrienne , Travison Thomas G , Bouxsein Mary L , Karasik David , Samelson Elizabeth J 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Hyperkyphosis is a common spinal disorder in older adults, characterized by excessive forward curvature of the thoracic spine and adverse health outcomes. The etiology of hyperkyphosis has not been firmly established, but may be related to changes that occur with aging in the vertebrae, discs, joints, and muscles, which function as a unit to support the spine. Determining the contribution of genetics to thoracic spine curvature and the degree of genetic sharing among co-occurring measures of spine health may provide insight into the etiology of hyperkyphosis. The purpose of our study was to estimate heritability of thoracic spine curvature using T4–T12 kyphosis (Cobb) angle and genetic correlations between thoracic spine curvature and vertebral fracture, intervertebral disc height narrowing, facet joint osteoarthritis (OA), lumbar spine volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and paraspinal muscle area and density, which were all assessed from computed tomography (CT) images. Participants included 2063 women and men in the second and third generation offspring of the original cohort of the Framingham Study. Heritability of kyphosis angle, adjusted for age, sex, and weight, was 54% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43% to 64%). We found moderate genetic correlations between kyphosis angle and paraspinal muscle area (ρˆG, –0.46; 95% CI, –0.67 to –0.26), vertebral fracture (ρˆG, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.61), vBMD (ρˆG, –0.23; 95% CI, –0.41 to –0.04), and paraspinal muscle density (ρˆG, –0.22; 95% CI, –0.48 to 0.03). Genetic correlations between kyphosis angle and disc height narrowing (ρˆG, 0.17; 95% CI, –0.05 to 0.38) and facet joint OA (ρˆG, 0.05; 95% CI, –0.15 to 0.24) were low. Thoracic spine curvature may be heritable and share genetic factors with other age-related spine traits including trunk muscle size, vertebral fracture, and bone mineral density. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Potassium recovery from the fly ash from a grate boiler firing agro‐residues: effects of unburnt carbon and calcination pretreatment
Authors: Wang Shi Yong , Xiao Xue , Wang Xiao Qiang , Dong Chang Qing , Li Wen Yan , Lu Qiang , Wang Ti Peng 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe biomass‐fired power in China is mainly fueled by agro‐residue, and is suffering the bottlenecks of feedstock supply, super heater corrosion and nutrient cycle. How to recycle the ash nutrient to farmland is crucial for ecological sustainability. This work investigated potassium recovery from the fly ash of a grate boiler firing agro‐residue using leaching methods.RESULTSThe studied ash contains a massive amount of fixed carbon (158.92 mg g−1) and little volatile matter (39.44 mg g−1). The unburnt carbon strongly decreases the concentration (CK) in the leachate and recovery percentage (RPK) of potassium nutrient by 17.6–24.1% and 9.0–18.8%, respectively. Calcination pretreatment in air at 500 °C for 30 min should be employed before leaching to remove the unburnt carbon. Mineralogy analysis shows that low‐temperature pre‐calcination (≤575 °C) does not affect potassium solubility. Under the optimal leaching of calcined ash in water with liquid‐to‐solid ratio 3 for 30 min at room temperature, CK in the leachate, dissolution percentage (DPK) and recovery percentage (RPK) of potassium element reached 17.21 g L−1, 82.0%, and 62.6%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThe fly ash from grate boilers firing agro‐residue is much better than other marginal potash sources. This work is helpful to improve the technology of agro‐residue fired power. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of high‐dose vocal fold injection of cidofovir and bevacizumab in a porcine model
Authors: Ahmed Mostafa. M. , Connor Matthew. P. , Palazzolo Mitzi , Thompson Michelle E. , Lospinoso Josh , O'Connor Peter , Howard N. Scott , Maturo Stephen. C. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesPerform a follow‐up study to investigate the histologic impact of high‐dose intralaryngeal cidofovir injections in porcine vocal cords, either alone or in combination with bevacizumab, and compared to saline controls.Study DesignThis was an in vivo study involving 24 pigs with blinded pathologist review of specimens. Six groups were created, with four subjects in each group. Each subject received 10 or 20 mg of either cidofovir or bevacizumab alone, or in combination, injected into the right vocal cord. The left vocal fold was used as a saline control. Three separate injections were made at 2‐week intervals. Larynges were harvested at 8 and 12 weeks, stained with hematoxylin and eosin and trichrome stain, and reviewed for histologic changes by two blinded pathologists.ResultsMinimal inflammation, edema, and atypia were noted with all treatments. Increased glandular inflammation was noted with 10 mg bevacizumab (P < 0.05), which decreased when combined with 10 mg cidofovir (P < 0.05). No lamina propria or muscle fibrosis was observed. Drug duration had no statistically significant histologic impact.ConclusionHigh‐dose cidofovir and bevacizumab do not induce detrimental vocal fold changes. Combination cidofovir and bevacizumab do not cause vocal fold scarring. Further work is needed to assess systemic concentration with this high‐dose combination in humans.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 127:671–675, 2017
High‐frequency pulsed low‐level diode laser therapy accelerates wound healing of tooth extraction socket: An in vivo study
Authors: Noda Masahiro , Aoki Akira , Mizutani Koji , Lin Taichen , Komaki Motohiro , Shibata Shunichi , Izumi Yuichi 
Published: July 2016

Background and ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of high‐frequency pulsed (HiFP) low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) on early wound healing of tooth extraction sockets in rats.Study Design/Materials and MethodsBilateral maxillary first molars were extracted from 6‐week‐old Sprague‐Dawley rats. Sockets on the right were treated by HiFP low‐level diode laser irradiation (904–910 nm); the left sides served as unirradiated controls. LLLT (0.28 W, 30 kHz, 200‐ns pulse, 0.6% duty cycle, 61.2 J/cm2 total power density) was employed immediately after extraction and every 24 hours thereafter. The maxillae including the sockets were resected 3 or 7 days after extraction. Soft‐tissue healing was evaluated on days 0, 3, and 7. The bone mineral content (BMC), bone volume (BV), and bone mineral density (BMD) of the extraction sockets were evaluated by microcomputed tomography, and histomorphometric analysis was carried out on day 7. Real‐time PCR analysis of osteogenic marker expression and immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)‐positive cells were performed on day 3.ResultsCompared with control sites, the un‐epithelialized areas of the extracted sites were significantly reduced by irradiation (P = 0.04), and the BMC, BV, and BMD of laser‐treated sites were significantly increased (P = 0.004, 0.006, and 0.009, respectively). On day 7, the mean height of newly formed immature woven bone was higher in laser‐treated sites (P = 0.24). On day 3, laser‐treated sites showed significantly higher osteocalcin mRNA expression (P = 0.04) and PCNA‐positive cell numbers (P = 0.01).ConclusionHiFP low‐level diode laser irradiation enhanced soft‐ and hard‐tissue healing of tooth extraction sockets. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:955–964, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Green‐light laser en bloc resection for primary non‐muscle‐invasive bladder tumor versus transurethral electroresection: A prospective, nonrandomized two‐center trial with 36‐month follow‐up
Authors: Chen Ji , Zhao Yong , Wang Sijun , Jin Xunbo , Sun Peng , Zhang Longyang , Wang Muwen 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of LBO laser en bloc resection compared with transurethral electroresection (TURBT) for the treatment of primary non‐muscle‐invasive bladder tumors.MethodsFrom September 2010 to February 2012, a prospective, nonrandomized two‐center trial was performed. A total of 158 patients (83 underwent laser resection and 75 TURBT) were included in the present study. The preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative clinical characteristics were recorded and compared in the two groups.ResultsThere were no differences with the preoperative characteristics between the patients in the two groups. The mean operative time was 21.46 ± 10.42 minutes for laser resection and 27.47 ± 15.30 minutes for TURBT (P = 0.004). LBO laser group was also associated with less hemoglobin decrease compared with TURBT group (0.87 ± 0.28 g/ml vs. 1.00 ± 0.33 g/ml, P = 0.009). Obturator nerve reflection was absent during laser resection, whereas was observed in nine patients during TURBT (P = 0.001). Two patients in the TURBT group suffered bladder perforation. Three patients in TURBT group and one patient in LBO laser group experienced urethral stricture. The recurrence‐free survival rate did not differ significantly between two groups after 36 months follow‐up.ConclusionsThe results of our trial have shown that LBO laser en bloc resection is feasible, safe, and effective alternative for the treatment of primary non‐muscle‐invasive bladder tumors. Besides, it can provide intact specimen for the pathologic diagnosis. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:859–865, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differentiation of neurodegenerative parkinsonian syndromes by volumetric magnetic resonance imaging analysis and support vector machine classification
Authors: Huppertz Hans‐Jürgen , Möller Leona , Südmeyer Martin , Hilker Rüdiger , Hattingen Elke , Egger Karl , Amtage Florian , Respondek Gesine , Stamelou Maria , Schnitzler Alfons , Pinkhardt Elmar H. , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Knake Susanne , Kassubek Jan , Höglinger Günter U. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundClinical differentiation of parkinsonian syndromes is still challenging.ObjectivesA fully automated method for quantitative MRI analysis using atlas‐based volumetry combined with support vector machine classification was evaluated for differentiation of parkinsonian syndromes in a multicenter study.MethodsAtlas‐based volumetry was performed on MRI data of healthy controls (n = 73) and patients with PD (204), PSP with Richardson's syndrome phenotype (106), MSA of the cerebellar type (21), and MSA of the Parkinsonian type (60), acquired on different scanners. Volumetric results were used as input for support vector machine classification of single subjects with leave‐one‐out cross‐validation.ResultsThe largest atrophy compared to controls was found for PSP with Richardson's syndrome phenotype patients in midbrain (−15%), midsagittal midbrain tegmentum plane (−20%), and superior cerebellar peduncles (−13%), for MSA of the cerebellar type in pons (−33%), cerebellum (−23%), and middle cerebellar peduncles (−36%), and for MSA of the parkinsonian type in the putamen (−23%). The majority of binary support vector machine classifications between the groups resulted in balanced accuracies of >80%. With MSA of the cerebellar and parkinsonian type combined in one group, support vector machine classification of PD, PSP and MSA achieved sensitivities of 79% to 87% and specificities of 87% to 96%. Extraction of weighting factors confirmed that midbrain, basal ganglia, and cerebellar peduncles had the largest relevance for classification.ConclusionsBrain volumetry combined with support vector machine classification allowed for reliable automated differentiation of parkinsonian syndromes on single‐patient level even for MRI acquired on different scanners. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Functional Connectivity Networks in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic DYT1 Carriers
Authors: Premi Enrico , Diano Matteo , Gazzina Stefano , Cauda Franco , Gualeni Vera , Tinazzi Michele , Fiorio Mirta , Liberini Paolo , Lazzarini Clara , Archetti Silvana , Biasiotto Giorgio , Turla Marinella , Bertasi Valeria , Cotelli Maria , Gasparotti Roberto , Padovani Alessandro , Borroni Barbara 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundDYT1 mutation is characterized by focal to generalized dystonia and incomplete penetrance. To explore the complex perturbations in the different neural networks and the mutual interactions among them, we studied symptomatic and asymptomatic DTY1 mutation carriers by resting‐state functional MRI.MethodsA total of 7 symptomatic DYT1, 10 asymptomatic DYT1, and 26 healthy controls were considered. Resting‐state functional MRI (Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain) [FMRIB] Software Library) (FSL) MELODIC, dual regression, (as a toolbox of FSL, with Nets is referred to “networks”) (FSLNets) (http://fsl.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl/fslwiki/FSLNets) was performed on 9 resting‐state neural networks.ResultsDYT1 mutation signature (symptomatic DYT1 and asymptomatic DYT1) was characterized by increased connectivity in the dorsal attention network and in the left fronto‐parietal network. Functional correlates of symptomatic DYT1 patients (symptomatic DYT1 vs healthy controls) showed increased connectivity in the sensorimotor network.DiscussionThis study argues that DYT1 dystonia is a network disorder, with crucial nodes in sensory‐motor integration of posterior parietal structures. A better characterization of cortical networks involved in dystonia is crucial for possible neurophysiological therapeutic interventions. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Rational Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Coumarin Derivatives as Protein‐protein Interaction Inhibitors
Authors: De Luca Laura , Agharbaoui Fatima E. , Gitto Rosaria , Buemi Maria Rosa , Christ Frauke , Debyser Zeger , Ferro Stefania 
Published: July 2016

AbstractHerein we describe the design and synthesis of a new series of coumarin derivatives searching for novel HIV‐1 integrase (IN) allosteric inhibitors. All new obtained compounds were tested in order to evaluate their ability to inhibit the interaction between the HIV‐1 IN enzyme and the nuclear protein lens epithelium growth factor LEDGF/p75. A combined approach of docking and molecular dynamic simulations has been applied to clarify the activity of the new compounds. Specifically, the binding free energies by using the method of molecular mechanics‐generalized Born surface area (MM‐GBSA) was calculated, whereas hydrogen bond occupancies were monitored throughout simulations methods.
Diffusion tensor imaging of articular cartilage at 3T correlates with histology and biomechanics in a mechanical injury model
Authors: Ferizi Uran , Rossi Ignacio , Lee Youjin , Lendhey Matin , Teplensky Jason , Kennedy Oran D. , Kirsch Thorsten , Bencardino Jenny , Raya José G. 
Published: July 2016

PurposeWe establish a mechanical injury model for articular cartilage to assess the sensitivity of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in detecting cartilage damage early in time. Mechanical injury provides a more realistic model of cartilage degradation compared with commonly used enzymatic degradation.MethodsNine cartilage‐on‐bone samples were obtained from patients undergoing knee replacement. The 3 Tesla DTI (0.18 × 0.18 × 1 mm3) was performed before, 1 week, and 2 weeks after (zero, mild, and severe) injury, with a clinical radial spin‐echo DTI (RAISED) sequence used in our hospital. We performed stress‐relaxation tests and used a quasilinear‐viscoelastic (QLV) model to characterize cartilage mechanical properties. Serial histology sections were dyed with Safranin‐O and given an OARSI grade. We then correlated the changes in DTI parameters with the changes in QLV‐parameters and OARSI grades.ResultsAfter severe injury the mean diffusivity increased after 1 and 2 weeks, whereas the fractional anisotropy decreased after 2 weeks (P < 0.05). The QLV‐parameters and OARSI grades of the severe injury group differed from the baseline with statistical significance. The changes in mean diffusivity across all the samples correlated with the changes in the OARSI grade (r = 0.72) and QLV‐parameters (r = −0.75).ConclusionDTI is sensitive in tracking early changes after mechanical injury, and its changes correlate with changes in biomechanics and histology. Magn Reson Med 78:69–78, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Elucidation of the downfield spectrum of human brain at 7 T using multiple inversion recovery delays and echo times
Authors: Fichtner Nicole D. , Henning Anke , Zoelch Niklaus , Boesch Chris , Kreis Roland 
Published: July 2016

PurposeTo characterize the downfield spectrum at 5–10 ppm in the human brain at a high magnetic field of 7 T. Knowledge of relaxation parameters is of interest for spectroscopy as well as chemical exchange–dependent saturation transfer experiments.MethodsWater‐suppressed spectra were recorded as echo time and inversion time series in healthy volunteers to investigate T2 and T1 values of downfield peaks in gray matter at 7T. The spectra were fitted in a two‐dimensional fashion to a heuristic model of a series of Voigt lines, and the relaxation times were obtained for 12 peaks of interest.ResultsThe mean T2 values averaged over the volunteers ranged from 24 to 158 ms, whereas the mean T1 values ranged from 0.22 to 2.40 s. Spectra of specific inversion and echo times revealed superposition of the amide peaks of N‐acetylaspartate with short T2 and an inhomogeneously broadened component with longer T2.ConclusionsT2 values were shorter than expected for most peaks, whereas T1 values had a very wide range; shorter relaxation times for some peaks suggests the presence of macromolecules. Most of the larger peaks seemed to be composed of overlapping components, because the Gaussian widths in the Voigt line shape descriptions were larger than expected based on field inhomogeneities. Magn Reson Med 78:11–19, 2016. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Detection of 2‐hydroxyglutarate in brain tumors by triple‐refocusing MR spectroscopy at 3T in vivo
Authors: An Zhongxu , Ganji Sandeep K. , Tiwari Vivek , Pinho Marco C. , Patel Toral , Barnett Samuel , Pan Edward , Mickey Bruce E. , Maher Elizabeth A. , Choi Changho 
Published: July 2016

PurposeTo test the efficacy of triple‐refocusing MR spectroscopy (MRS) for improved detection of 2‐hydroxyglutarate (2HG) in brain tumors at 3T in vivo.MethodsThe triple‐refocusing sequence parameters were tailored at 3T, with density‐matrix simulations and phantom validation, for enhancing the 2HG 2.25‐ppm signal selectivity with respect to the adjacent resonances of glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), and gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA). In vivo MRS data were acquired from 15 glioma patients and analyzed with LCModel using calculated basis spectra. Metabolites were quantified with reference to water.ResultsA triple‐refocusing sequence (echo time = 137 ms) was obtained for 2HG detection. The 2HG 2.25‐ppm signal was large and narrow while the Glu and Gln signals between 2.2 and 2.3 ppm were minimal. The optimized triple refocusing offered improved separation of 2HG from Glu, Gln and GABA when compared with published MRS methods. 2HG was detected in all 15 patients, the estimated 2HG concentrations ranging from 2.4 to 15.0 mM, with Cramer‐Rao lower bounds of 2%–11%. The 2HG estimates did not show significant correlation with total choline.ConclusionThe optimized triple refocusing provides excellent 2HG signal discrimination from adjacent resonances and may confer reliable in vivo measurement of 2HG at relatively low concentrations. Magn Reson Med 78:40–48, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine