bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chondrogenic potential of canine articular cartilage derived cells (cACCs)
Authors: Nowak Urszula , Marycz Krzysztof , Nicpoń Jakub , Śmieszek Agnieszka 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn the present paper, the potential of canine articular cartilage-derived cells (cACCs) for chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated. The effectiveness of cACCs’ lineage commitment was analyzed after 14 days of culture in chondorgenic and non-chondrogenic conditions. Formation of proteoglycan-rich extracellular matrix was assessed using histochemical staining – Alcian Blue and Safranin-O, while elemental composition was determined by means of SEM-EDX. Additionally, ultrastructure of cACCs was evaluated using TEM. The expression of genes involved in chondrogenesis was monitored with quantitative Real Time PCR. Results obtained indicate that the potential of cACCs for cartilagous extracellular matrix formation may be maintained only in chondrogenic cultures. The formation of specific chondro-nodules was not observed in a non-chondrogenic culture environment. The analysis of cACCs’ ultrastructure, both in non-chondrogenic and chondrogenic cultures, revealed well-developed rough endoplasmatic reticulum and presence of mitochondria. The cACCs in chondrogenic medium shed an increased number of microvesicles. Furthermore, it was shown that the extracellular matrix of cACCs in chondrogenic cultures is rich in potassium and molybdenum. Additionally, it was determined that gene expression of collagen type II, aggrecan and SOX-9 was significantly increased during chondrogenic differentiation of cACCs. Results obtained indicate that the culture environment may significantly influence the cartilage phenotype of cACCs during long term culture.
Generalized Lagrangian mean curvature flows: The cotangent bundle case
Authors: Smoczyk Knut , Tsui Mao-Pei , Wang Mu-Tao 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In [18], we defined a generalized mean curvature vector field on any almost Lagrangian submanifold with respect to a torsion connection on an almost Kähler manifold. The short time existence of the corresponding parabolic flow was established. In addition, it was shown that the flow preserves the Lagrangian condition as long as the connection satisfies an Einstein condition. In this article, we show that the canonical
connection on the cotangent bundle of any Riemannian manifold is an Einstein connection (in fact, Ricci flat). The generalized mean curvature vector on any Lagrangian submanifold is related to the Lagrangian angle defined by the phase of a parallel

(
n
,
0
)

{(n,0)}

-form, just like the Calabi–Yau case. We also show that the corresponding Lagrangian mean curvature flow in cotangent bundles preserves the exactness and the zero Maslov class conditions. At the end, we prove a long time existence and convergence result to demonstrate the stability of the zero section of the cotangent bundle of spheres.
Inaccurate or delayed diagnosis of hollow organ perforation by emergency physicians: using a qualitative approach to identify the causes
Authors: Peng Chi-Chun , Lin Chaou-Shune , Woo Peter , Tai Henry Chih-Hung , Feng Cho-Chao 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Background:
Mistakes or delays in the diagnosis of hollow organ perforation may be detrimental to prognosis. Nonetheless, emergency physicians (EPs) are prone to misdiagnosing this condition in specific scenarios. The factors leading to errors in their cognitive processes, however, have received little attention.

Methods:
Using a qualitative approach, we conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with EPs in the emergency departments (EDs) of three hospitals in Taiwan. We purposively selected participants to obtain a sample that can contribute essential information about the diagnostic process. Sampling continued until new information was no longer being gathered. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and then analyzed by two investigators according to grounded theory.

Results:
Based on 23 cases from 20 EPs, four themes emerged from the analysis regarding the reasons for diagnostic errors: (1) atypical disease presentations (6/23; 26%), (2) cognitive process of the physicians (21/23; 91%), (3) systemic factors (14/23; 61%), and (4) composite factors (14/23; 61%).

Conclusions:
These findings provide valuable insight into the factors that contribute to diagnostic error in cases of abdominal hollow organ perforation. The results offer a basis on which to build a framework for teaching physicians how to avoid misdiagnosing hollow organ perforation in the future.
The second and third moment of L(1/2,χ) in the hyperelliptic ensemble
Authors: Florea Alexandra 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
We obtain asymptotic formulas for the second and third moment of quadratic Dirichlet L-functions at the critical point, in the function field setting. We fix the ground field

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

, and assume for simplicity that q is a prime with

q
≡

1

⁢

(

mod
⁢
4

)

{q\equiv 1~{}(\mathrm{mod}\,4)}

.
We compute the second and third moment of

L
⁢

(

1
/
2

,

χ
D

)

{L(1/2,\chi_{D})}

, when D is a monic square-free polynomial of degree

2
⁢
g

+
1

{2g+1}

, as

g
→
∞

{g\to\infty}

.
The answer we get for the second moment agrees with Andrade and Keating’s conjectured formula in [4]. For the third moment, we check that the leading term agrees with the conjecture.
On the value group of a model of Peano Arithmetic
Authors: Carl Merlin , D’Aquino Paola , Kuhlmann Salma 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe investigateIPA{\mathrm{IPA}}-real closed fields, that is, real closed fields which admit an integer part whose non-negative cone is a model of Peano arithmetic. We show that the value group of anIPA{\mathrm{IPA}}-real closed field is an exponential group in the residue field, and that the converse fails in general. As an application, we classify (up to isomorphism) value groups of countable recursively saturated exponential real closed fields. We exploit this characterization to construct countable exponential real closed fields which are notIPA{\mathrm{IPA}}-real closed fields.
Investigation of a stable Mo substrate for chalcopyrite solar cells: a green process for sustainable energy applications
Authors: Tuan Pham Anh , Quang Nguyen Xuan , Huy Tran Duc , Dung Dang Viet Anh , Phan Vu Ngoc , Hoang Phan Huy , Tung Duong Thanh , Cuong Nguyen Duy 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Molybdenum (Mo) films (~1 μm) as back contacts for chalcopyrite solar cells are usually deposited onto the glass substrate by DC-sputtering because of their high deposition rate with a column structure. During selenization, selenium (Se) is infiltrated deeply into the column structure of Mo films. Although the difference in sheet resistance and resistivity values before and after selenization is negligible, the selenized Mo films are easily peeled off from the glass substrate even with the tape testing. The existence of Se in Mo films with a column structure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy cross-section, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction measurement. To overcome this obstacle, a 200-nm-thick Mo compact layer was deposited by RF-sputtering on top of the Mo film to prevent Se infiltration. Finally, the bilayer of Mo was passed with tape testing for both films before and after selenization. The results may be helpful to further achieve highly stable fabrication processes of chalcopyrite solar cells.
Functionalization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with biodegradable chitosan-grafted-mPEG for paclitaxel delivery
Authors: Hoang Dong Quy , Tran Tuong Vi , Tran Ngoc Quyen , Nguyen Cuu Khoa , Nguyen Thi Hiep , Truong Minh Dung , Tran Dai Lam , Thu Le Van , Nguyen Dai Hai 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In this report, magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were functionalized with chitosan-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (CTS-mPEG) for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared via the chemical coprecipitation method and then coated with CTS-mPEG (Fe3O4@CTS-mPEG) by a simple method. The formation of Fe3O4@CTS-mPEG was characterized by several methods including proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the superparamagnetic properties of Fe3O4@CTS-mPEG were demonstrated by a vibrating sample magnetometer; the saturation magnetization reached 23 emu g–1. The sizes and morphologies of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@CTS-mPEG nanoparticles were determined by transmission electron microscopy. The result indicated that Fe3O4@CTS-mPEGs were nearly spherical in shape with an average diameter of 20 nm, compared with the 12-nm Fe3O4 particles. Especially, PTX was effectively loaded into the coated nanoparticles, 86.9±3.4% for drug loading efficiency, and slowly released up to 120 h. These results suggest the potential applications of Fe3O4@CTS-mPEG in the development of stable drug delivery systems for cancer treatment.
Nutritional regulation of fibroblast growth factor 21: from macronutrients to bioactive dietary compounds
Authors: Pérez-Martí Albert , Sandoval Viviana , Marrero Pedro F. , Haro Diego , Relat Joana 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide health problem mainly due to its associated comorbidities. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a peptide hormone involved in metabolic homeostasis in healthy individuals and considered a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of obesity. FGF21 is predominantly produced by the liver but also by other tissues, such as white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), skeletal muscle, and pancreas in response to different stimuli such as cold and different nutritional challenges that include fasting, high-fat diets (HFDs), ketogenic diets, some amino acid-deficient diets, low protein diets, high carbohydrate diets or specific dietary bioactive compounds. Its target tissues are essentially WAT, BAT, skeletal muscle, heart and brain. The effects of FGF21 in extra hepatic tissues occur through the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-1c together with the co-receptor β-klotho (KLB). Mechanistically, FGF21 interacts directly with the extracellular domain of the membrane bound cofactor KLB in the FGF21- KLB-FGFR complex to activate FGFR substrate 2α and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Mice lacking KLB are resistant to both acute and chronic effects of FGF21. Moreover, the acute insulin sensitizing effects of FGF21 are also absent in mice with specific deletion of adipose KLB or FGFR1. Most of the data show that pharmacological administration of FGF21 has metabolic beneficial effects. The objective of this review is to compile existing information about the mechanisms that could allow the control of endogenous FGF21 levels in order to obtain the beneficial metabolic effects of FGF21 by inducing its production instead of doing it by pharmacological administration.
Impact of slurry application method on phosphorus loss in runoff from grassland soils during periods of high soil moisture content
Authors: McConnell D.A. , Doody D.G. , Elliott C.T. , Matthews D.I. , Ferris C.P. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Previous studies have reported that the trailing shoe application technique reduces phosphorus (P) in the runoff postslurry application when compared to the traditional splash-plate application technique. However, the effectiveness of the trailing-shoe technique as a means of reducing P losses has not been evaluated when slurry is applied during periods of high soil moisture levels and lower herbage covers. To address this issue, three treatments were examined in a 3 × 4 factorial design split-plot experiment, with treatments comprising three slurry treatments: control (no slurry), splashplate and trailing-shoe, and four slurry application dates: 7 December, 18 January, 1 March and 10 April. Dairy cow slurry was applied at a rate of 20 m3/ha, while simulated runoff was generated 2, 9 and 16 days later and analysed for a range of P fractions. Dissolved reactive P concentrations in runoff at day two was 41% lower when slurry was applied using the trailing-shoe technique, compared to the splash-plate technique (P < 0.05). In addition, P concentrations in runoff were higher (P < 0.05) from slurry applied in December and March compared to slurry applied in January or April, coinciding with periods of higher soil moisture contents. While the latter highlights that ‘calendar’-based non-spreading periods might not always achieve the desired consequences, the study demonstrated that further field-scale investigations into the trailing shoe as a mitigation measure to reduced P loss from agricultural soils is warranted.
Managing interpersonal conflicts at work by line managers
Authors: Lawless Jennifer , Trif Aurora 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
There are disagreements about the key factors affecting a line manager’s conflict management modes. Psychologists emphasise the role of the conflict situation and personal traits, while other scholars focus on the impact of organisational aspects in managing interpersonal conflict. This paper provides empirical evidence suggesting that three sets of factors, namely, situational, personal and organisational aspects, influence the mode of handling conflict by line managers. Mixed methods were used to collect primary data from 19 line managers and two human resources managers working in two Irish subsidiaries of multinational companies. Although the research design did not allow for a verification of whether each of those three sets of factors has a significant influence on managing conflict by line managers, the paper suggests that combining psychological and managerial approaches to managing conflict provides a fuller understanding of handling interpersonal conflict. It also provides original findings on how line managers handle interpersonal conflicts, contributing to a better understanding of the under-researched area of the actual role of line managers in dealing with negative HR aspects.
Spectral Quasi-linearisation Method for Nonlinear Thermal Convection Flow of a Micropolar Fluid under Convective Boundary Condition
Authors: RamReddy Ch. , Pradeepa T. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe significance of nonlinear temperaturedependent density relation and convective boundary condition on natural convection flow of an incompressible micropolar fluid with homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions is analyzed. In spite of the complicated nonlinear structure of the present setup and to allow all the essential features, the representation of similarity transformations for the system of non-dimensional fluid flow equations is attained through Lie group transformations and hence the governing similarity equations are worked out by a numerical approach known as spectral quasi-linearization method. It is noticed that in the presence of the nonlinear convection parameter enhance the velocity, species concentration, heat transfer rate, skin friction, but decreases the temperature and wall couple stress.
Dosage Mutator Genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A Novel Mutator Mode-of-Action of the Mph1 DNA Helicase
Authors: Ang J Sidney , Duffy Supipi , Segovia Romulo , Stirling Peter C , Hieter Philip 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Mutations that cause genome instability are considered important predisposing events that contribute to initiation and progression of cancer. Genome instability arises either due to defects in genes that cause an increased mutation rate (mutator phenotype), or defects in genes that cause chromosome instability (CIN). To extend the catalog of genome instability genes, we systematically explored the effects of gene overexpression on mutation rate, using a forward-mutation screen in budding yeast. We screened ∼5100 plasmids, each overexpressing a unique single gene, and characterized the five strongest mutators, MPH1 (mutator phenotype 1), RRM3, UBP12, PIF1, and DNA2. We show that, for MPH1, the yeast homolog of Fanconi Anemia complementation group M (FANCM), the overexpression mutator phenotype is distinct from that of mph1Δ. Moreover, while four of our top hits encode DNA helicases, the overexpression of 48 other DNA helicases did not cause a mutator phenotype, suggesting this is not a general property of helicases. For Mph1 overexpression, helicase activity was not required for the mutator phenotype; in contrast Mph1 DEAH-box function was required for hypermutation. Mutagenesis by MPH1 overexpression was independent of translesion synthesis (TLS), but was suppressed by overexpression of RAD27, a conserved flap endonuclease. We propose that binding of DNA flap structures by excess Mph1 may block Rad27 action, creating a mutator phenotype that phenocopies rad27Δ. We believe this represents a novel mutator mode-of-action and opens up new prospects to understand how upregulation of DNA repair proteins may contribute to mutagenesis.
Promoter Architecture and Sex-Specific Gene Expression in Daphnia pulex
Authors: Raborn R Taylor , Spitze Ken , Brendel Volker P , Lynch Michael 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Large-scale transcription start site (TSS) profiling produces a high-resolution, quantitative picture of transcription initiation and core promoter locations within a genome. However, application of TSS profiling to date has largely been restricted to a small set of prominent model systems. We sought to characterize the cis-regulatory landscape of the water flea Daphnia pulex, an emerging model arthropod that reproduces both asexually (via parthenogenesis) and sexually (via meiosis). We performed Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE) with RNA isolated from D. pulex within three developmental states: sexual females, asexual females, and males. Identified TSSs were utilized to generate a “Daphnia Promoter Atlas,” i.e., a catalog of active promoters across the surveyed states. Analysis of the distribution of promoters revealed evidence for widespread alternative promoter usage in D. pulex, in addition to a prominent fraction of compactly-arranged promoters in divergent orientations. We carried out de novo motif discovery using CAGE-defined TSSs and identified eight candidate core promoter motifs; this collection includes canonical promoter elements (e.g., TATA and Initiator) in addition to others lacking obvious orthologs. A comparison of promoter activities found evidence for considerable state-specific differential gene expression between states. Our work represents the first global definition of transcription initiation and promoter architecture in crustaceans. The Daphnia Promoter Atlas presented here provides a valuable resource for comparative study of cis-regulatory regions in metazoans, as well as for investigations into the circuitries that underpin meiosis and parthenogenesis.
Cardiometabolic Health in Adults Born Premature With Extremely Low Birth Weight
Authors: Morrison Katherine M. , Ramsingh Laura , Gunn Elizabeth , Streiner David , Van Lieshout Ryan , Boyle Michael , Gerstein Hertzel , Schmidt Louis , Saigal Saroj 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND:
Young adults born with extreme prematurity have increased blood pressure and insulin resistance. This study documents their metabolic health as they enter their fourth decade of life. The study objective was to compare body composition, glycemia, lipid levels, and blood pressure in adults born with extremely low birth weight (ELBW) versus age- and sex- matched normal birth weight (NBW) control subjects and to examine related previous and current exposures.

METHODS:
The study examines one of the oldest regionally representative cohorts of ELBW subjects (birth weight &lt;1 kg) and NBW individuals born between 1977 and 1982. The primary outcome was dysglycemia (type 2 diabetes or prediabetes) based on results of a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Secondary outcomes include body composition, insulin resistance, fasting lipid profile, and blood pressure. Potential predictive factors included birth weight, maternal antenatal corticosteroid exposure, retinopathy of prematurity, growth parameters, and smoking history.

RESULTS:
Adults (mean age, 31.8 years) born ELBW (n = 100) had a higher percent body fat (P = .004) and lower lean mass for height (P = .018) but similar waist circumference (P = .54) and BMI (P = .61) compared with NBW control subjects. ELBW adults had a 4.0-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.53–10.66) increased risk of developing dysglycemia. Adults born ELBW also had higher systolic (P = .004) and diastolic (P = .02) blood pressures compared with NBW control subjects, but there were no differences in lipid profile.

CONCLUSIONS:
By their fourth decade, these adults born extremely premature had increased body fat, lower lean mass, and a 4-fold increased risk of developing dysglycemia.
A DESIGUALDADE DE RENDA E A EDUCAÇÃO PODEM EXPLICAR A CRIMINALIDADE? uma análise para os estados brasileiros
Authors: Carvalho Renata Costa de , Taques Fernando Henrique 
Published: September 2016

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo entender a Economia do Crime, um tema muito pertinente nos dias de hojenos estados brasileiros. A partir de levantamento teórico e testes empíricos, verifica a hipótese de que a taxa de homicídios estápositivamente relacionada com o nível de desigualdade de renda e negativamente com o nível de educação, despesa com segurançae renda. Mostra que o teste foi realizado para todos os estados brasileiros, exceto Distrito Federal, no período de nove anos, entreos anos 2001 e 2009. Apresenta uma metodologia que está baseada no modelo econométrico em dados em painel com efeitos fixose efeitos aleatórios, ressaltando que o estimador usado no modelo foi o Mínimo Quadrado Ordinários (MQO). Indica, ainda, que o resultado encontrado foi que o modelo de efeitos fixos apresentou estatística mais significativa, porém o modelo de efeitos aleatórios apresentou o sinal esperado em seu coeficiente em 50% das variáveis explicativas. Por fim, aponta que o teste de Hausman provouque o modelo de efeito aleatório é melhor para explicar a hipótese.Palavras-chave: Crime, despesa com segurança, dados em painel.INCOME INEQUALITY AND EDUCATION CAN EXPLAIN CRIMINALITY? an analysis for the Brazilian statesAbstract: This study aims to understand the Economics of Crime, an issue very relevant today in Brazilian states. From theoretical and empirical research and test, it will analyze the hypothesis that the homicide rate is positively related to the level of income inequalityand negatively with the level of education, expenses with security and income. The test will be conducted for all states, except the Federal District, in the nine years between 2001 and 2009. The methodology is based on the econometric model on panel data withfixed effects and random effects estimator which model was used in the Ordinary Minimum Square (OLS). As the result has found that the fixed effects model showed the most meaningful statistics, the random effects model showed the expected sign on its coefficientin 50 % of the explanatory variables, while the Hausman test proved that the random effect model is better to explain the hypothesis.Key words: Crime, safety expenses, panel data.