bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of biochemical biomarkers and environmental stress indicators in some freshwater fish
Authors: Abdallah Salwa M. , Muhammed Reham E. , Mohamed Reda El. , El Daous Hala , Saleh Dina M. , Ghorab Mohamed A. , Chen Shaohua , El-Sayyad Gharieb S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe mechanism by which an organism can adapt to subtle environmental changes is predicated on modifications to biochemical processes within the cellular metabolism in response to such changes. Changes in these processes have the potential to induce alterations in cellular structures and tissue organization, as well as establish a causal link between fluctuations in these parameters and stressors exposure. This investigation's main goal and innovation is to evaluate the environmental stress indicators in the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Qarun. Pesticide residues in freshwater fish should be the primary focus of evaluation of environmental stressor concentrations, since they serve as bioindicators at different times and places on a spatiotemporal scale. A thorough analysis of suggestive biochemical biomarker reactions should also be conducted. The effects of environmental stressors, specifically pesticide contamination in Qarun Lake, have been observed and investigated in relation to two fish species: Solea aejabtiaca and Oreochronis niloticus. The results of a hazard assessment conducted at six sampling sites using spatio-temporal data revealed elevated mean values for the pesticides, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), organochlorines, organophosphates, and pyrethroids that were detected. A multi biomarker approach facilitates a more comprehensive understanding of stress responses induced by exposure to pollutants. As a result, the activities of the biochemical biomarkers CYP-450, GST, GSH, and LDH in the blood and liver of fish samples were found to be notably elevated. The suitability of the identified variables for biomonitoring of aquatic pollution was validated, and the data unveiled variations in sensitivity among species, implying that Nile tilapia could potentially function as a bioindicator with high sensitivity. The findings were correlated with the concentrations of detrimental organochlorines, organophosphorus, and pyrethroids in the muscles and gills. The data indicates that pollutants linked to agricultural wastes, runoff, and municipal effluent may be discharged into the lake ecosystem. Consequently, to safeguard the environment, it is essential to enforce and implement policies, acts, and regulations that already exist. Assessing the effects of additional environmental stressors on aquatic ecosystems is another way in which biomarker screening with an integrative approach improves our comprehension of how toxicants impact various levels of biological organization and is particularly useful in realistic environmental exposure scenarios.
Marketing setting up peer-to-peer electronic platforms to overcome generational barriers to participation in the sharing economy
Authors: Pelech Pavel , Dědková Jaroslava 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe sharing economy offers potential economic, social, and environmental benefits, yet participation is not universal. Our research, based on a survey of 873 individuals across three generations in the Czech Republic, investigates the barriers that limit engagement and how these vary across different generations. We examine supply and demand side barriers, identifying four key components on each side (Principal Component Analysis). On the supply side, these include user uncertainty, personal uncertainty, uncertainty from lack of information, and uncertainty from the platform. On the demand side, we identified user uncertainty, personal uncertainty, uncertainty from perceived value, and uncertainty from operational risks. Our findings reveal significant generational differences concerning these barriers. On the supply side, the first three components show statistically significant differences between generations. On the demand side, we found substantial differences for the second and fourth components. The implications of our research suggest that peer-to-peer platforms could benefit from employing generational marketing strategies to address these barriers, thereby increasing their e-commerce volume.
Effectiveness of Psychosocial Interventions in Preventing Postpartum Depression Among Teenage Mothers—Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Tenaw Lebeza Alemu , Ngai Fei Wan , Bessie Chan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPostpartum depression is a significant public health issue that occurs within the first 12 weeks after childbirth. It is more prevalent among teenage mothers compared to adults. However, the findings of the existing interventional studies cannot be readily applied to teenage mothers due to their unique psychosocial concerns. Furthermore, these findings have shown inconsistencies regarding the benefit of psychological and psychosocial interventions in reducing the incidence of postpartum depression. The current review is aimed at investigating the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in preventing postpartum depression, specifically among teenage mothers. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis manuals were utilized to identify and select relevant articles for this review. The articles were retrieved using population, intervention, control, and outcome models. The quality of each article was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA version 17. The effect size of the intervention was estimated using the standard mean difference in depression scores between the intervention and control groups. Heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using the I2 statistic and Q statistic, while publication bias was evaluated through funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s test. A total of nine eligible articles were included. While psychosocial interventions have been demonstrated to decrease the incidence of postpartum depression compared to usual maternal health care, it is worth noting that the mean difference in depression scores was significant in only three of the included studies. The meta-analysis revealed that psychosocial interventions were effective at preventing postpartum depression, with a pooled effect size of − 0.5 (95% CI: − 0.95, − 0.06) during the final postpartum depression assessment. The heterogeneity was substantial, with an I2 value of 82.3%. Although publication bias was not observed, small studies had a significant effect on the pooled effect size. The findings of this review suggest that psychosocial interventions can effectively prevent PPD, particularly within the first 3 months of the postpartum period. This review highlights the scarcity of interventional studies in low-income countries, indicating the need for further research in diverse communities.
Unforeseen observations about the homological dimension of Hilbert spaces
Authors: Castillo Jesús M. F. , García Ricardo , Simoes Marilda A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this note we gather a few observations that connect the homological dimensions of Hilbert spaces with other apparently unrelated Banach space questions, such as: Does $$L_1/\ell _2 $$

L
1

/

ℓ
2

have the Bounded Approximation Property? Is $$L_1/ \ell _2$$

L
1

/

ℓ
2

a subspace of $$L_1$$

L
1

?
Wallet wars or digital public infrastructure? Orchestrating a digital identity data ecosystem from a government perspective
Authors: Degen Konrad , Teubner Timm 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith the eIDAS 2.0 legislation, the European Union seeks to establish a digital identity data ecosystem and to empower citizens to manage digital credentials from various sources through an ID wallet interface. To achieve this, governments must develop holistic orchestration models integrating technical, regulatory, and economic perspectives. This approach will foster ecosystem value creation, address orchestration tensions, and design sustainable operating models for various ecosystem actors. While IS research has explored private-sector governance mechanisms in platform and data ecosystems, a research gap exists in understanding public–private orchestration where governments act as orchestrators. We address this through a structured document analysis of 80 position papers from various stakeholders participating in a public government consultation process and 14 semi-structured in-depth interviews. By examining ecosystem value creation mechanisms, orchestration tensions, and monetization challenges, we identify two government orchestration standard types for the ID wallet provision. The Government ID-Infrastructure Wallet model embodies an ecosystem-integrated public infrastructure, while the Trust ID Wallet Federation exemplifies a dynamic and competition-driven approach. By bridging the self-sovereign identity ecosystem paradigm with digital identity infrastructure research, our work contributes to the understanding and theoretical development of data ecosystems and digital identity research from a government perspective.
Synergistic photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using TiO2 composites with activated carbon and reduced graphene oxide: a kinetic and mechanistic study
Authors: Farghaly Ahmed , Maher Eman , Gad Ali , El-Bery Haitham 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis comprehensive study explored the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions as a model pollutant, utilizing solar-driven photocatalysis with nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) and composites with activated carbon (AC) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO). This research introduces continuous solar reactor instead of conventional batch experiments investigating its design configuration. Utilizing response surface methodology (RSM), the study determined the optimal process conditions (MB concentration at 30 mg/L, pH 8.82, irradiation time 138 min), under which TiO2 achieved a 93.13% MB removal efficiency. The study further revealed that the integration of TiO2 with AC and RGO (5% wt.) significantly enhanced the MB photocatalytic degradation. The TiO2/AC composite achieved 98.3% MB degradation in 138 min of solar exposure, related to its large specific surface area of 146 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.439 cm3/g. Likewise, the TiO2/RGO composite demonstrated 97% removal with a surface area of 102 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.476 cm3/g, significantly better than nano-TiO2. Additionally, the research investigated the role of the solar reactor configuration on MB removal. Using 26 mm Pyrex tube diameter with 15 cm long on parabolic aluminum concentrator inclined at 30° optimally achieved the peak MB degradation efficiency. Recyclability tests shown a noticeable decrease in nano-TiO2 efficiency to 56.03% without regeneration; however, after regeneration following the third cycle, the efficiency significantly recovered to 70.07%. Thereby, this paper introduces an innovative, continuous, and well-designed solar reactor system for dye removal, employing nano-TiO2 and its composites with AC and RGO for improved photocatalytic efficiency under statistically optimized process conditions.
Multi-loaded PLGA microspheres as neuroretinal therapy in a chronic glaucoma animal model
Authors: Aragón-Navas Alba , Rodrigo Maria Jesus , Munuera Inés , García-Herranz David , Subías Manuel , Villacampa Pilar , García-Feijoo Julián , Pablo Luis , Garcia-Martin Elena , Herrero-Vanrell Rocio , Bravo-Osuna Irene 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work focused on the co-encapsulation and simultaneous co-delivery of three different neuroprotective drugs in PLGA (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres for the treatment of glaucoma. For formulation optimization, dexamethasone (anti-inflammatory) and ursodeoxycholic acid (anti-apoptotic) were co-loaded by the solid-in-oil-in-water emulsion solvent extraction-evaporation technique as a first step. The incorporation of a water-soluble co-solvent (ethanol) and different amounts of dexamethasone resulted critical for the encapsulation of the neuroprotective agents and their initial release. The optimized formulation was obtained with 60 mg of dexamethasone and using an 80:20 dichloromethane:ethanol ratio. In the second step in the microencapsulation process, the incorporation of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was performed. The final prototype showed encapsulation efficiencies for each component above 50% with suitable properties for long-term application for at least 3 months. Physicochemical studies were performed by SEM, TEM, DSC, XRD, and gas chromatography. The evaluation of the kinetic release by the Gallagher-Corrigan analysis with Gorrasi correction helped to understand the influence of the co-microencapsulation on the delivery of the different actives from the optimized formulation. The final prototype was tested in a chronic glaucoma animal model. Rats received two intravitreal injections of the neuroprotective treatment within a 24-week follow-up study. The proposed formulation improved retinal ganglion cell (RGC) functionality examined by electroretinography. Also, it was able to maintain a neuroretinal thickness similar to that of healthy animals scanned by in vivo optical coherence tomography, and a higher RGC count on histology compared to glaucomatous animals at the end of the study.
Graphical Abstract
Screening for endogenous hypercortisolism in patients with osteoporosis and fractures: why, when and how
Authors: Giordano Roberta , Parasiliti Caprino Mirko , Loli Paola , Giustina Andrea 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSkeletal comorbidities are frequent and clinically relevant findings in Cushing’s syndrome (CS) since an uncoupled suppressed bone formation and enhanced bone resorption leads to a marked skeletal damage with a rapid increase of fracture risk. Reduced Bone Mineral Density (BMD) has been consistently reported and osteopenia or osteoporosis are typical findings in patients with CS. Vertebral Fractures (VFs) are frequently reported and may occur even in patients with an only mild reduction of BMD. Since CS is diagnosed late due to often difficult biochemical and radiological confirmation as well as to signs and symptoms common in other much more frequent diseases an approach suggested for overcoming underdiagnosis is to screen patients with manifestations which may overlap with those of CS such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Our review will focus on the rationale and best practice for screening osteoporotic patients for CS.
Asymptotics of commuting $$\ell $$-tuples in symmetric groups and log-concavity
Authors: Bringmann Kathrin , Franke Johann , Heim Bernhard 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDenote by $$N_{\ell }(n)$$

N
ℓ

(
n
)

the number of $$\ell $$
ℓ
-tuples of elements in the symmetric group $$S_n$$

S
n

with commuting components, normalized by the order of $$S_n$$

S
n

. In this paper, we prove asymptotic formulas for $$N_\ell (n)$$

N
ℓ

(
n
)

. In addition, general criteria for log-concavity are shown, which can be applied to $$N_\ell (n)$$

N
ℓ

(
n
)

among other examples. Moreover, we obtain a Bessenrodt-Ono type theorem which gives an inequality of the form $$c(a)c(b) > c(a+b)$$

c
(
a
)
c
(
b
)
>
c
(
a
+
b
)

for certain families of sequences c(n).
Navigating the Profession with a “Black Mark”: Discrimination Experiences of Social Workers with Criminal Convictions
Authors: Jackson S. , Chubb L. A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInternational social work associations lack sufficient guidance to address tensions within social work education, employment, and registration about individuals with criminal convictions. This tension arises from the need to uphold social work principles of human rights and social justice while minimizing the risk of harm to clients. Limited research exists on how social workers with criminal convictions navigate the profession. Until 2019, when data were collected for this study, there was no information on the topic in Aotearoa, New Zealand.This article reports on an exploratory qualitative study of individuals navigating the social work profession with a criminal history. We aimed to determine whether participants faced discrimination and whether this impacted their careers. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was applied to data collected in 2019 through 11 semi-structured interviews with registered and nonregistered social workers with one or more criminal convictions.Participants’ experiences highlighted an overarching theme of once a criminal, always a criminal, showcasing discrimination experienced by social workers with criminal convictions when pursuing a social work career. This overarching theme was underpinned by four predominant subthemes relating to stigma and oppression.Participants’ experiences add to evidence that some practices within social work clash with the profession’s underpinning principles. The authors argue that social work associations, registration bodies, educators, and employers should understand the value people with lived experiences of the criminal legal system can bring to the profession and facilitate supportive access to social work careers as they are representative of populations served by the profession.
Low serum Metrnl levels are associated with increased risk of sarcopenia in the older adults
Authors: Wang Zhi-Yue , Li Yi-Min , Yan Jian-Jun , Wang Quan , Zhao Can , Lu Xiang , Shen Zheng-Kai , Xu Jin-Shui , Gao Wei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and function. Meteorin-like (Metrnl) is a secretory protein that has protective effects on skeletal muscle injury. However, the association of Metrnl level with sarcopenia remains unclear.

Methods
A total of 772 community-dwelling older adults (median age = 76 years), comprising 409 males and 363 females, from both urban and rural areas were enrolled. Serum Metrnl was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), grip strength, and gait speed were measured for the assessment of sarcopenia.

Results
We found that serum Metrnl levels were lower in patients with sarcopenia [median (IQR) = 180.1 (151.3–220.3) pg/mL] than older adults without sarcopenia [211.9 (163.2–270.0) pg/mL, P < 0.001]. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value of serum Metrnl level that predicted sarcopenia was 197.2 pg/mL with a sensitivity of 59.2% and a specificity of 63.8% (AUC = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.59–0.67, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that lower serum Metrnl level (< 197.2 pg/mL) was significantly associated with increased risk of sarcopenia (adjusted OR = 2.358, 2.36, 95% CI = 1.528–3.685, P < 0.001). Moreover, serum Metrnl concentration was positively correlated with the components of sarcopenia including ASMI (r = 0.135, P < 0.001), grip strength (r = 0.102, P = 0.005), and gait speed (r = 0.106, P = 0.003).

Conclusions
Taken together, our findings demonstrate that low serum Metrnl level is correlated with increased risk of sarcopenia in the older adults.
Sentiment Analysis Using Improved CT-BERT_CONVLayer Fusion Model for COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendation
Authors: Umair Areeba , Masciari Elio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCOVID-19 has significantly impacted individuals, communities, and countries worldwide. These effects include health impacts, economics impacts, social impacts, educational, political and environmental impacts. The COVID-19 vaccine development was crucial for disease control and monitoring, yet the threat still looms large. Vaccine recommender systems can help the health practitioners in combating COVID-19 by providing the information and guidance on the benefits and risks of COVID-19 vaccines to individuals based on their preferences and medical history. In this paper, we have proposed sentiment analysis based recommender system for COVID-19 vaccines. We used Twitter data of 10,000 tweets about COVID-19 vaccines and applied pre-processing steps. We propose an ensemble of random forest with CT-BERT_CONVLayerFusion model, a novel algorithm, for classifying the tweets into seven different categories of sentiments. We also performed aspect-based review categorization which works on the queries given by a user. We compared the results of sentiment classification with the state-of-the-art with metrics including accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-score, and found out that our proposed approach outperformed all other state-of-the-art model by achieving maximum accuracy, recall, precision and F1-measure. Hence, such advanced methods can help somehow to fight COVID-19 as well as reducing the vaccine hesitancy by suggesting proper vaccines to patients based on the their specific concerns and questions.
Influence of hot forging on grain formation in Al0.35CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy: numerical simulation, microstructure and mechanical properties
Authors: Štamborská M. , Pelachová T. , Danko D. , Orovčík L’. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne-step (F100) and three-step (F30-60-40) hot forging of Al0.35CoCrFeNi alloy was investigated to achieve a uniform equiaxed grain structure. In the as-cast and forged state, only a single-phase face-centered cubic structure was observed. The formation of twins, recrystallized and partially recrystallized grains in the volume of the samples was observed depending on used forging process. To predict uniform grain-size formation numerical simulation of the hot-forging process was used. The numerical model was calibrated and validated by means of measured compression experimental data of as-cast Al0.35CoCrFeNi alloy before forging. Thermal analysis using finite element analysis was used to simulate cooling of sample during the relocation from the furnace on the lower die. Simulations were run under different thermo-mechanical conditions and the regions for the formation of dynamically recrystallized grains were predicted. Room temperature mechanical properties were evaluated after F100 and F30-60-40 hot-forging process. The F30-60-40 hot forging optimized the grain size, which was evident in the very small dispersion of the room temperature mechanical properties in tension. Elongation after F30-60-40 hot forging increased by 17%. The correlation between temperature, equivalent stress, equivalent plastic strain, microstructure, tensile properties, and strain-hardening behavior is discussed.
Governing Silicon Valley and Shenzhen: Assessing a New Era of Artificial Intelligence Governance in the United States and China
Authors: Hine Emmie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article examines recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) governance in the United States (US) and China, exploring their implications for each country’s development trajectory. Drawing on a framework informed by the philosophy of technology, the article delves into not only the differences between the two countries’ approaches but also the reasons behind these differences. The US, after years of industry self-regulation, is slowly moving towards concrete legislation, while China is centralizing its development and regulatory initiatives. Despite China’s expressed desire for values-pluralistic international governance, existing tensions between the two, coupled with the US’s burgeoning coalition centered around AI with “democratic values,” might pose challenges to collaboration and international governance. Nonetheless, the article contends that both systems can be accommodated within a values-pluralistic human rights framework, potentially paving the way for meaningful international governance efforts.