bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of clinically important PK interaction between coformulated ledipasvir/sofosbuvir and rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide
Authors: Custodio Joseph M. , Chuck Susan K. , Chu Hoa , Cao Huyen , Ma Grace , Flaherty John , Ling John , Kearney Brian P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe drug–drug interaction (DDI) potential between the fixed‐dose combinations of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir 90/400 mg for hepatitis C virus and emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) 200/25/25 mg for HIV was evaluated in a randomized, open‐label, single‐center, multiple‐dose, 3‐way, 6‐sequence, crossover Phase 1 study in 42 healthy subjects. Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/TAF had no relevant effect on the pharmacokinetic parameters of maximum concentration [Cmax] and area under the concentration versus time curve over the dosing interval [AUCtau] for ledipasvir, sofosbuvir, and the metabolites GS‐566500 and GS‐331007. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir had no effect on the Cmax and AUCtau for rilpivirine and emtricitabine. The Cmax and AUCtau of tenofovir, the major metabolite of TAF, were increased by 62% and 75%, respectively. However, the resulting absolute tenofovir exposures were markedly lower than the historical tenofovir exposures following tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and, as such, were not considered to be clinically relevant. In contrast, additional adverse effect monitoring is recommended upon coadministration of ledipasvir and TDF due to elevated tenofovir exposures resulting from the DDI. This difference is explained by the fact that TAF 25 mg results in markedly lower (~90%) plasma tenofovir exposure compared to TDF 300 mg. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir and emtricitabine/rilpivirine/TAF were generally well tolerated when administered alone or in combination. HIV/hepatitis C virus‐coinfected patients can coadminister ledipasvir/sofosbuvir and emtricitabine/rilpivirine/TAF without dosage adjustments.
An integrin antagonist (MK‐0429) decreases proteinuria and renal fibrosis in the ZSF1 rat diabetic nephropathy model
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyan , Zhang Ji , Haimbach Robin , Zhu Wei , Mayer‐Ezell Rosemary , Garcia‐Calvo Margarita , Smith Elizabeth , Price Olga , Kan Yanqing , Zycband Emanuel , Zhu Yonghua , Hoek Maarten , Cox Jason M. , Ma Lijun , Kelley David E. , Pinto Shirly 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMultiple integrins have been implicated in modulating renal function. Modulation of integrin function can lead to pathophysiological processes associated with diabetic nephropathy such as alterations in the glomerular filtration barrier and kidney fibrosis. The complexity of these pathophysiological changes implies that multiple integrin subtypes might need to be targeted to ameliorate the progression of renal disease. To address this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of MK‐0429, a compound that was originally developed as an αvβ3 inhibitor for the treatment of osteoporosis, on renal function and fibrosis. We demonstrated that MK‐0429 is an equipotent pan‐inhibitor of multiple av integrins. MK‐0429 dose‐dependently inhibited podocyte motility and also suppressed TGF‐β‐induced fibrosis marker gene expression in kidney fibroblasts. Moreover, in the obese ZSF1 rat model of diabetic nephropathy, chronic treatment with MK‐0429 resulted in significant reduction in proteinuria, kidney fibrosis, and collagen accumulation. In summary, our results suggest that inhibition of multiple integrin subtypes might lead to meaningful impact on proteinuria and renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy.
17β‐estradiol reduces Cav1.2 channel abundance and attenuates Ca2+‐dependent contractions in coronary arteries
Authors: Hill Brent J.F. , Dalton Robin J. , Joseph Biny K. , Thakali Keshari M. , Rusch Nancy J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOne mechanism by which the female sex may protect against elevated coronary vascular tone is inhibition of Ca2+ entry into arterial smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). In vitro findings confirm that high estrogen concentrations directly inhibit voltage‐dependent Cav1.2 channels in coronary ASMCs. For this study, we hypothesized that the nonacute, in vitro exposure of coronary arteries to a low concentration of 17β‐estradiol (17βE) reduces the expression of Cav1.2 channel proteins in coronary ASMCs. Segments of the right coronary artery obtained from sexually mature female pigs were mounted for isometric tension recording. As expected, our results indicate that high concentrations (≥10 μmol/L) of 17βE acutely attenuated Ca2+‐dependent contractions to depolarizing KCl stimuli. Interestingly, culturing coronary arteries for 24 h in a 10,000‐fold lower concentration (1 nmol/L) of 17βE also attenuated KCl‐induced contractions and reduced the contractile response to the Cav1.2 agonist, FPL64176, by 50%. Western blots revealed that 1 nmol/L 17βE decreased protein expression of the pore‐forming α1C subunit (Cavα) of the Cav1.2 channel by 35%; this response did not depend on an intact endothelium. The 17βE‐induced loss of Cavα protein in coronary arteries was prevented by the estrogen ERα/ERβ antagonist, ICI 182,780, whereas the GPER antagonist, G15, did not prevent it. There was no effect of 1 nmol/L 17βE on Cavα transcript expression. We conclude that 17βE reduces Cav1.2 channel abundance in isolated coronary arteries by a posttranscriptional process. This unrecognized effect of estrogen may confer physiological protection against the development of abnormal Ca2+‐dependent coronary vascular tone.
Effects of fertility preservation in patients with breast cancer: A retrospective two‐centers study
Authors: Hashimoto Tomoko , Nakamura Yusuke , Obata Ryuichiro , Doshida Masakazu , Toya Mayumi , Takeuchi Takumi , Kyono Koichi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeTo assess the efficacy of fertility preservation (FP) and the impact of chemotherapy on the reproductive potential of Japanese patients with breast cancer.MethodsSixty‐two patients with breast cancer visited the authors’ centers from October, 2003 to June, 2015. They were divided into two groups according to the treatment: oocyte or embryo vitrification for FP before cancer treatment (group A) or infertility treatment after cancer treatment (group B). Group B was divided into two subgroups, B1 (no chemotherapy) and B2 (postchemotherapy), in order to analyze the effect of anticancer drugs on ovarian reserves and assisted reproductive technology outcomes. The number of retrieved oocytes, vitrified oocytes or embryos, and pregnancy rates were analyzed and compared: group A compared to group B1 compared to group B2.ResultsThe patients in groups A and B1 underwent egg collection without any chemotherapy. The numbers of collected oocytes and vitrified embryos were significantly higher in groups A and B1 than in group B2. Nearly 50% of the in vitro fertilization patients who underwent an embryo transfer (ET) became pregnant, including two patients in group A who underwent a vitrified‐warmed ET. Among the pregnant women, 70% did not have chemotherapy.ConclusionFor patients with breast cancer, FP with unfertilized oocytes or embryos before chemotherapy seems to be promising for achieving higher pregnancy rates, with no risk of minimal residual disease.
Toward integrating citizen science and radar data for migrant bird conservation
Authors: Shipley Jeremy Ryan , Kelly Jeffrey F. , Frick Winifred F. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMigrating birds face an array of challenging conditions and hazards during their annual movements, including novel threats of mortality from anthropogenic structures, such as wind energy turbines and buildings. There is a need for new data sources that can be used to create risk assessments across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, and weather radar data have shown promise in this regard. A primary limitation on the use of weather radar data in macroscale ecology has been the difficulty in data access and processing to make real‐time assessments, and the lack of species‐level information. We compared two weather radar products, Level II and UNQC‐CREF that differ in several aspects. We found the 2D UNQC‐CREF product provides similar information to Level II data regarding spatial and temporal patterns of bioscatter, although not without caveats. Due to its rapid availability and ease of use, we combined UNQC‐CREF data with eBird daily species counts to quantify autumnal migration along one of North America's major migratory routes. During their autumn migration southward, we predicted birds would use prevailing winds and favorable atmospheric conditions to time their migratory movements. Wind direction and ordinal date were strong predictors as were variables associated with inclement weather, including barometric pressure and ambient temperature. These patterns suggest that at a coarse scale, migratory birds avoid headwinds during their southerly movements during autumn, and more broadly indicate that local weather conditions can be used to predict pulses of migratory activity in the aerosphere. Our results suggest that similar methods could be used to measure the temporal and spatial components of avian migration at greater spatial scales – providing crucial information for conservation and management for migratory faunas. Specifically, future algorithms should focus on real‐time implementation for bird strike mitigation, by altering wind energy facility operation on nights of peak migratory flow, in addition to timing “lights‐out” events to minimize collisions with existing infrastructure such as buildings.
Selective Synthesis of Fluorine‐Containing Cyclic β‐Amino Acid Scaffolds
Authors: Kiss Loránd , Fülöp Ferenc 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFluorine‐containing organic molecules have generated increasing impact in drug research over the past decade. Their preparation and development of novel synthetic methods towards new types of fluorinated molecules among them of β‐amino acid derivatives has received large interest. Our research group have designed various highly selective and stereocontrolled methods for the construction of fluorine‐containing cyclic β‐amino acid derivatives. The synthetic approaches developed for the synthesis of various pharmacologically interesting cyclic β‐amino acid derivatives as monomers with multiple stereogenic centers might be valuable protocols for the access of other classes of organic compounds.
Engaging with the politics of water governance
Authors: Zwarteveen Margreet , Kemerink‐Seyoum Jeltsje S. , Kooy Michelle , Evers Jaap , Guerrero Tatiana Acevedo , Batubara Bosman , Biza Adriano , Boakye‐Ansah Akosua , Faber Suzanne , Cabrera Flamini Andres , Cuadrado‐Quesada Gabriela , Fantini Emanuele , Gupta Joyeeta , Hasan Shahnoor , ter Horst Rozemarijn , Jamali Hameed , Jaspers Frank , Obani Pedi , Schwartz Klaas , Shubber Zaki , Smit Hermen , Torio Phil , Tutusaus Mireia , Wesselink Anna 
Published: September 2017

The goal of the study is to strengthen the analytical purchase of the term water governance and improve the utility of the concept for describing and analyzing actual water distribution processes. We argue this is necessary as most writing on water governance is more concerned with promoting particular politically inspired agendas of what water governance should be than with understanding what it actually is. We believe that water governance at heart is about political choices as to where water should flow; about the norms, rules and laws on which such choices should be based; about who is best able or qualified to decide about this; and about the kind of societal future such choices support. We identify distributions—of water, voice and authority, and expertise—as the empirical anchor and entry‐point of our conceptualization of water governance. This usefully allows foregrounding questions of equity in water governance discussions and provides the empirical foundation for a meaningful engagement with the politics of water governance. WIREs Water 2017, 4:e1245. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1245This article is categorized under:

Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water > Rights to Water
Human Water > Water Governance
Influence of genetic background of engineered xylose-fermenting industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for ethanol production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates
Authors: Lopes Daiane Dias , Rosa Carlos Augusto , Hector Ronald E , Dien Bruce S , Mertens Jeffrey A , Ayub Marco Antônio Záchia 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
An industrial ethanol-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with genes of fungal oxido-reductive pathway needed for xylose fermentation integrated into its genome (YRH1415) was used to obtain haploids and diploid isogenic strains. The isogenic strains were more effective in metabolizing xylose than YRH1415 strain and able to co-ferment glucose and xylose in the presence of high concentrations of inhibitors resulting from the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass (switchgrass). The rate of xylose consumption did not appear to be affected by the ploidy of strains or the presence of two copies of the xylose fermentation genes but by heterozygosity of alleles for xylose metabolism in YRH1415. Furthermore, inhibitor tolerance was influenced by the heterozygous genome of the industrial strain, which also showed a marked influenced on tolerance to increasing concentrations of toxic compounds, such as furfural. In this work, selection of haploid derivatives was found to be a useful strategy to develop efficient xylose-fermenting industrial yeast strains.
Self‐Assembly Behaviors of Anionic–Cationic Binary Surfactant Systems in Poly(ethylene glycol) 200
Authors: Zhang Qian , Li Sha , Zhang Fanglei , Wei Xilian , Liu Min , Liu Jie , Sun Dezhi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe self‐assembly behaviors of mixtures of sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) and didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) in polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) and in water were investigated by surface tension, conductivity, steady‐state fluorescence and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods. The results show that the oppositely charged binary surfactant system can form micelles in PEG 200; the critical micellization concentration (CMC) decreases for the binary system versus those of either surfactant alone. Although there is no charge screening in the PEG 200 system, the CMC values significantly increase and the system does not precipitate or show turbidity at any proportion of AOT to DDAB, while a multiphase composition gap exists in water due to the strong electrostatic attraction. It is speculated that the weak polarity of PEG 200, the decreased solvophobic interaction between the alkyl chain and PEG 200, and the loose structure of the resulting micelles might explain the experimental phenomena. Observed from the values of the interaction parameter, it is found that there are a strong attractive interaction and a synergistic effect between AOT and DDAB in aqueous solution, in comparison, the synergy between them in PEG 200 is very weak.
Chronic low back pain and the transdiagnostic process: How do cognitive and emotional dysregulations contribute to the intensity of risk factors and pain?
Authors: Borgne Margaux Le , Boudoukha Abdel Halim , Petit Audrey , Roquelaure Yves 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Background and aims
Based on a transdiagnostic approach, this study assesses the impact of cognitive and emotional processes (difficulties in emotional regulation, impulsiveness, rumination and somatosensory amplification) on the psychological risk factors of chronic low-back pain.

Methods
The study was carried out with 256 patients with chronic low-back pain. All the variables were assessed through a booklet of 10 validated questionnaires. Multiple regression analysis and moderation analysis were performed.

Results
Predictors included in multiple regression models explain 3%-42% (adjusted R
2) of the variance in psychological risk factors. Moreover, analyses reveal a significant moderator effect of somatosensory amplification on the link between fear-avoidance beliefs linked to work and pain intensity (F
(3;250) = 12.33; p = .00), of somatosensory amplification and brooding on the link between depression and functional repercussions (FR) on everyday life (F
(3;252) = 13.36; p = .000; F
(1;252) = 12.42; p = .00), of the reflection dimension of rumination on the link between the helplessness dimension of catastrophizing and FRs on sociability (F
(3;252) = 37.02; p = .00). There is also a moderation analysis with a significant trend concerning the lack of emotional awareness and the difficulties in controlling impulsive behaviours.

Conclusions
Our results indicate an important role of some dimensions of difficulties in emotional regulation, somatosensory amplification and rumination in the increase in negative affects and dysfunctional beliefs, and in the links between those psychological risk factors and pain/disability.

Implications
This study identifies some cognitive and emotional dysregulations substantially involved in work-related chronic pain. This contribute to put in place psychotherapeutic protocols to tackle these deficits and dysregulations in a relevant way.
Effect of fish oil and vitamin E on sperm lipid peroxidation in dogs
Authors: Risso Analía Lorena , Pellegrino Francisco J. , Corrada Yanina , Marmunti Mónica , Gavazza Mariana , Palacios Alejandro , Relling Alejandro E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate the effects of dietary fish oil (FO) and vitamin E (VE) supplementation on sperm sensitivity to lipid peroxidation (LP) in dogs. Using an incomplete replicate 3 × 3 Latin square design, five dogs were allocated into three groups. One of the squares was incomplete and had two dogs that were used with three treatments. The dogs were assigned to three different treatments, fed a control diet of balanced commercial food (control group; CG), control diet supplemented with 54 mg FO/kg body weight0·75per d (FO group; FG) and FO plus 400 mg VE per d (FO and VE group; FEG) for 60 d. Semen samples were collected on days 0 and 60 and divided into two halves, peroxidised and control, with or without ascorbate–Fe2+, respectively. LP was measured in both halves by chemiluminescence as counts per min/mg protein. Fatty acid profile was determined by GC. Data were analysed using the mixed procedure (SAS). On day 0, LP increased in all groups in the peroxidised samples (P< 0·05). However, on day 60 LP decreased in peroxidised samples of both the FG and FEG (P< 0·05), but there were no differences between the FG and FEG (P> 0·1). Additionally, on day 60 totaln-3 was higher in the FG and FEG compared with the CG (P< 0·05). Supplementation with FO alone or together with VE decreased LP in peroxidised samples. These results could indicate a protective effect ofn-3 on sperm. More studies are needed to understand the mechanism whereby FO and/or FO plus VE decrease LP in dogs’ sperm.
Aspects of intraseasonal variability of Antarctic sea ice in austral winter related to ENSO and SAM events
Authors: BABA KENJI , RENWICK JAMES 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTWe performed an Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis to assess the intraseasonal variability of 5–60 day band-pass filtered Antarctic sea-ice concentration in austral winter using a 20-year daily dataset from 1995 to 2014. Zonal wave number 3 dominated in the Antarctic, especially so across the west Antarctic. Results showed the coexistence of stationary and propagating wave components. A spectral analysis of the first two principal components (PCs) showed a similar structure for periods up to 15 days but generally more power in PC1 at longer periods. Regression analysis upon atmospheric fields using the first two PCs of sea-ice concentration showed a coherent wave number 3 pattern. The spatial phase delay between the sea-ice and mean sea-level pressure patterns suggests that meridional flow and associated temperature advection are important for modulating the sea-ice field. EOF analyses carried out separately for El Niño, La Niña and neutral years, and for Southern Annular Mode positive, negative and neutral periods, suggest that the spatial patterns of wave number 3 shift between subsets. The results also indicate that El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Southern Annular Mode affect stationary wave interactions between sea-ice and atmospheric fields on intraseasonal timescales.
Prevalence and clinical relevance of interview-assessed psychosis-risk symptoms in the young adult community
Authors: Schultze-Lutter Frauke , Michel Chantal , Ruhrmann Stephan , Schimmelmann Benno G. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundAn efficient indicated prevention of psychotic disorders requires valid risk criteria that work in both clinical and community samples. Yet, ultra-high risk and basic symptom criteria were recently recommended for use in clinical samples only. Their use in the community was discouraged for lack of knowledge about their prevalence, clinical relevance and risk factors in non-clinical, community settings when validly assessed with the same instruments used in the clinic.MethodsUsing semi-structured telephone interviews with established psychosis-risk instruments, we studied the prevalence of psychosis-risk symptoms and criteria, their clinical relevance (using presence of a non-psychotic mental disorder or of functional deficits as proxy measures) and their risk factors in a random, representative young adult community sample (N=2683; age 16–40 years; response rate: 63.4%).ResultsThe point-prevalence of psychosis-risk symptoms was 13.8%. As these mostly occurred too infrequent to meet frequency requirements of psychosis-risk criteria, only 2.4% of participants met psychosis-risk criteria. A stepwise relationship underlay the association of ultra-high risk and basic symptoms with proxy measures of clinical relevance, this being most significant when both occurred together. In line with models of their formation, basic symptoms were selectively associated with age, ultra-high risk symptoms with traumatic events and lifetime substance misuse.ConclusionsPsychosis-risk criteria were uncommon, indicating little risk of falsely labelling individuals from the community at-risk for psychosis. Besides, both psychosis-risk symptoms and criteria seem to possess sufficient clinical relevance to warrant their broader attention in clinical practice, especially if ultra-high risk and basic symptoms occur together.
Issues with the measurement of informal care in social surveys: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Authors: RUTHERFORD ALASDAIR C. , BU FEIFEI 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTInformal care plays a significant role in the care system for older people in the United Kingdom, and this is projected to increase considerably in the next three decades as the population ages. Understanding these trends requires a good quality measurement of informal care. In this study, we compare care-givers’ responses to different informal care questions from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) to investigate the influence of question design on the self-reporting of informal care. We also analyse spousal care dyads in order to model discrepancies in the reporting of care provision between spouses to provide an insight into the reliability of informal care measurements. We find that the most common measures used are likely to be under-estimating both the scale and scope of informal care, and we recommend careful consideration of the content of informal care survey questions in order to operationalise the measures of informal care activities.