bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive review on Alzheimer's disease: From the posttranslational modifications of Tau to corresponding treatments
Authors: Li Xin , Ba Zhisheng , Huang Juan , Chen Jianhua , Jiang Jinyu , Huang Nanqu , Luo Yong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, which is mainly characterized by the abnormal deposition of β‐amyloid peptide (Aβ) and Tau. Since Tau aggregation is more closely associated with synaptic loss, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline than Aβ, the correlation between Tau and cognitive function in AD has gradually gained attention. The posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of Tau are key factors contributing to its pathological changes, which include phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, glycation, small ubiquitin‐like modifier mediated modification (SUMOylation), methylation, succinylation, etc. These modifications change the structure of Tau, regulating Tau microtubule interactions, localization, degradation, and aggregation, thereby affecting its propensity to aggregate and leading to neuronal injury and cognitive impairments. Among numerous PTMs, drug development based on phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation primarily involves enzymatic reactions, affecting either the phosphorylation or degradation processes of Tau. Meanwhile, methylation, glycosylation, and succinylation are associated with maintaining the structural stability of Tau. Current research is more extensive on phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and methylation, with related drugs already developed, particularly focusing on phosphorylation and ubiquitination. In contrast, there is less research on SUMOylation, glycosylation, and succinylation, requiring further basic research, with the potential to become novel drug targets. In conclusion, this review summarized the latest research on PTMs of Tau and related drugs, highlighting the potential of targeting specific PTMs for developing novel therapeutic strategies in AD.
Japanese family physicians' attitudes, difficulties, and perceived significance in managing mental health problems: A qualitative study
Authors: Kajikawa Natsuki , Yokoya Shoji , Ozone Sachiko 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundFamily physicians (FPs) are expected to identify, diagnose, and treat mental health problems. Despite challenges such as limited time and low confidence in their skill as mental health providers, FPs generally consider mental health as a meaningful part of their profession. However, the role of the FP in mental health services is not clearly established in Japan. Studies have not been performed in countries without an established role of FPs' in mental health care. This study investigated Japanese FP's attitudes, difficulties, and perceived significance in managing mental health problems.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted between September 2022 and February 2023. Participants were Japanese FPs involved in mental health care. Interview transcripts were subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsThirteen FPs were interviewed. The FPs approached mental health problems “as a FP who provides holistic and comprehensive care” and “practice based on experience and self‐reflection.” The difficulties faced by FPs included “time management problems” and “referral management problems and conflicts.” Regarding significance, FPs mentioned that “gaining a deeper understanding of humanity” is important for managing mental health problems.ConclusionsThe attitude of Japanese FPs toward mental health care was based on awareness of the FP's specialty. Despite difficulties such as time and referral management issues, managing mental health problems was generally considered rewarding for professional growth.
Environmental toxicants modulate disease severity in pediatric metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis
Authors: Jain Ajay K. , Busgang Stefanie A. , Gennings Chris , Yates Katherine P. , Schwimmer Jeffrey B. , Rosenthal Philip , Murray Karen F. , Molleston Jean P. , Scheimann Ann , Xanthakos Stavra A. , Behling Cynthia A. , Carpenter Danielle , Fishbein Mark , Neuschwander‐Tetri Brent A. , Tonasia James , Vos Miriam B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is common in children. We hypothesized environmental toxins could drive progression to metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and assayed serum toxins and metabolites in children with histologically characterized MASLD/MASH.MethodsEnvironmental chemicals, common in household items, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polybrominated flame retardants (polybrominated diphenyl ethers [PBDEs]), and metabolic profiles were assayed in children enrolled in the multicenter NASH Clinical Research Network Pediatric Database 2. Mixture models, using repeated holdout weighted quantile sum regression (WQSrh) were run in addition to single chemical/metabolite logistic regression. For metabolomic analyses, random subset version of WQSrh was used for the large number of predictors versus participants. Nominal and false discovery rate (FDR) p‐values (two‐sided) were computed.ResultsFour hundred and thirty‐five children distributed across MASH (n = 293) and MASLD (n = 142), with 304 (69.9%) males. Mean (standard deviation) for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Score (NAS) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) for MASLD were 3.1 (1.0), 67.9 (43.4), and for MASH 4.2 (1.4), 144 (121). There was an inverse association between PFAS/PBDE mixture and MASH versus MASLD, lobular inflammation (p = 0.026), NAS (p = 0.009, FDR p = 0.04), and log‐transformed ALT (p = 0.005, FDR p = 0.025) driven by perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHXS). Metabolites from positive hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography mode, biliverdin (p = 0.002) and 1‐methylhistidine (associated with meat ingestion, p = 0.02) and reverse phase negative mode, hippuric acid (solvent exposure, p = 0.022) significantly associated with MASH.ConclusionsSignificant negative PFAS/PBDE mixture effect and odds of MASH were dominated by PHFXS. Several metabolites are significantly associated with MASH which inform mechanistic pathways and could drive key therapeutic and diagnostic strategies in children.
Immunometabolic Signature and Tauopathy Markers in Blood Cells of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Rosina Marco , Veltri Federica , Nesci Valentina , Bissacco Jacopo , Bovenzi Roberta , Mascioli Davide , Simonetta Clara , Zenuni Henri , Maftei Daniela , Marano Massimo , Pierantozzi Mariangela , Stefani Alessandro , Chiurchiù Valerio , Longone Patrizia , Valle Cristiana , Mercuri Nicola Biagio , Ferri Alberto , Schirinzi Tommaso 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeripheral immune cells critically contribute to the clinical‐pathological progression of neurodegenerative diseases and also represent a reliable frame for translational applications. However, data on progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are almost scarce in this regard.ObjectiveOur goal is to provide a broad biological characterization of peripheral immune cells in a selected PSP cohort.MethodsSeventy‐one PSP patients scored on the PSP Rating Scale (PSPRS), and 59 controls were enrolled. The blood cell count was collected, together with the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) calculation. In a subgroup of patients and controls, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed by the mitochondrial bioenergetic performance and the western blot assay of the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor (NRF2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1) pathway and the total tau (t‐tau) and phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) proteins. Case–control comparison and correlation analyses were performed.ResultsPSP patients had a NLR higher than controls, with increased circulating neutrophils. The leukocyte metabolism was also globally increased and the NRF2/HO‐1 pathway activated in patients. P‐tau, but not t‐tau, significantly accumulated in PSP PBMCs and inversely correlated with the PSPRS.ConclusionsPSP displays a systemic inflammatory shift of the peripheral immunity, which may justify a metabolic reprogramming of the blood leukocytes. Consistently, the NRF2/HO‐1 pathway, a master regulator of inflammatory and metabolic response, was activated. PBMCs also engulf tau proteins, especially p‐tau, in a way inverse to the disease severity, allowing for a peripheral tracking of tauopathy in patients. Immunometabolic targets may, therefore, gain relevance to PSP in biomarker or therapeutic purposes. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
A bottom‐up framework for nurses' protocol‐based care decision‐making
Authors: Vázquez‐Calatayud Monica , Pumar‐Méndez María J. , Oroviogoicoechea Cristina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo develop a conceptual framework for nurses' protocol‐based care decision‐making.DesignMiles & Huberman's bottom‐up approach to developing conceptual frameworks was followed, using data collected from a multiple embedded case study examining protocol‐based decision‐making by nurses in three hospital wards within a university hospital in northern Spain.MethodsThe qualitative data from the case study, obtained through documentary analysis, observations, and interviews, underwent a secondary analysis consisting of four steps: data reduction, data display, comparison, and drawing conclusions.ResultsThe framework for protocol‐based care decision‐making comprises four components: (1) protocol‐based care, as a balance between standardisation and individualised care, (2) the process, (3) the context, and (4) the elements of protocol‐based care decision‐making. These components and their relationship as a context‐dependent, linear, variable and multifactorial process, directly influenced by the perception of risk, are described and illustrated.ConclusionsThis study provides a rigorous bottom‐up framework for nurses' protocol‐based care decision‐making. The framework could be a valuable resource for managers, clinical nurses, educators, and researchers to guide and evaluate nurses' decision‐making, leading to improved care quality and reduced variability in clinical practice. Furthermore, the framework lays a foundation for further research and practical applications.ImpactThis study addressed the problem of understanding nurses' protocol‐based care decision‐making and the need for a specific conceptual framework. The main findings of the study contribute to the development of a rigorous bottom‐up framework comprising four components of protocol‐based care decision‐making. The framework has the potential to improve care quality, reduce variability, enhance patient safety, and increase healthcare efficiency by guiding nurses' decision‐making in various healthcare settings.No Patient or Public ContributionPatient or public contribution was not applicable since the study focused on nurses' decision making.
Public image of nursing in modern society: An evolving concept analysis
Authors: Duan Ying , Feng Xianqiong , Xiao Hengyi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to analyse the evolution of the public image of nursing in the context of the constantly developing nursing profession.DesignThe Rodger's evolving concept analysis was applied.MethodsPubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were searched for articles published between 1 January 2001, and 30 April 2022, using the search terms; “NURS * AND image”. The selected literature was screened using Rodgers' evolutionary method to explore the attributes, antecedents and consequences of the concept.ResultsThe defining attributes were identified as nursing (nursing as the collective object), public (public as the collective subject) and information (the medium of interaction between the collective subject and the collective object). Nursing elements were classified into intrinsic elements (professional spirit, professional knowledge and professional skills) and extrinsic (appearance, language and behaviour) elements. Public elements were further subcategorized into public categories (internal organizational public and external organizational public) and public perceptions (cognition, emotion and behavioural intention). The information elements are mainly classified as information generation, dissemination, identification, processing and judgement. The antecedents and consequences of the public perception of nursing were also identified.ConclusionsThe public image of nursing is dynamic and has evolved over time. Its dynamism and malleability imply that the traditional public image of nursing can be improved through targeted interventions in nursing practice, management and education.Implications for the ProfessionIdentifying the antecedents and consequences associated with the public image of nursing will help the healthcare organizations adopt effective strategies to alleviate the shortage of the nursing workforce and promote the development of the nursing profession.No Patient or Public Contribution.
L1‐type finite element method for time‐fractional diffusion‐wave equations on nonuniform grids
Authors: Xu Xianyu , Chen Yanping , Huang Jian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs is well known, one of the main challenges in dealing with the time‐fractional diffusion‐wave equation is that the solutions have weak regularity at the initial values. This necessitates the use of nonuniform grids for error analysis. However, the theoretical analysis of nonuniform grids is relatively complex and lacks efficient and stable numerical methods. The main research problem addressed in this article is the time‐fractional diffusion‐wave equation on nonuniform grids. We use the order reduction method and discrete complementary convolution kernel to discretize the Caputo derivative of the equation and obtain the L1‐type finite element method on nonuniform grids. The properties related to discrete complementary convolutional kernels are often used for algorithm convergence analysis, which simplifies the process of finite element theory analysis and is efficient and innovative. This article demonstrates the solvability, stability, and convergence of the L1‐type finite element schemes on nonuniform grids. Finally, the consistency between the proposed finite element scheme and the convergence order results obtained from theoretical analysis was verified through experiments.
Advances in nanomaterials as exceptional fillers to reinforce carbon fiber‐reinforced polymers composites and their emerging applications
Authors: Luo Yuxin , Shi Zhicheng , Qiao Sijie , Tong Aixin , Liao Xiaohong , Zhang Tongrui , Bai Jie , Xu Chao , Xiong Xiaoman , Chen Fengxiang , Xu Weilin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites exhibit excellent characteristics such as light weight, high specific strength, specific stiffness, and chemical stability, making them customizable to meet the specific demands of various sectors such as the automotive, aerospace, defense, biomedical, and energy industries. However, the inert surface of carbon fibers (CFs) results in a poor interface compatibility with polymer matrices, leading to numerous interfacial defects and pores in prepared CFRP composites. These drawbacks significantly limit the application of CFRP composites in high‐end fields. The higher surface area and smaller size of nanomaterials provide multiple advantages for high‐performance CFRP composites that enhance the mechanical properties, impact resistance and interface adhesion between the fiber and the matrix. Hence, this review firstly summarizes the interfacial behavior and interface enhancement mechanisms for CFRP composites. Subsequently, we comprehensively review the recent advances in various nanomaterials‐modified CFRP composites, including carbon‐based nanoparticles, silicon‐based nanomaterials and metal nanomaterials, et al. Besides, we also present the applications of CFRP in emerging fields, such as military, aerospace, automotive, sports equipment, and medical, etc. Finally, we also prospected the challenges and future development trends of CFRP composites, aiming to provide new ideas and insights for future research on nanomaterial modifications and promote the development of high‐performance CFRP composites.Highlights
The interface reinforced theory of CFRP is comprehensively summarized.
Different types of nanoparticles that can be used for reinforcement in CFRP composites and nanomaterials modification methods are reviewed.
Application of CFRP composites in various fields is presented.
Challenges and future development directions of preparation of high‐performance CFRP composites are proposed.
Preparation and characterization of a multifunctional film with excellent UV shielding, antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities containing cinnamaldehyde and titanium dioxide (TiO2)
Authors: Chen Xiangnan , Li Siwen , Liang Jihuan , Hu Ningdong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSoy protein isolated (SPI) have a wide application in the food packaging, but their water resistance, mechanical properties and antibacterial properties are not ideal for directly use. In our study, we developed a series of SPI composite films loaded with cinnamaldehyde and titanium dioxide (TiO2). X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV scanning spectra (UV) and spectro colorimeter were applied to indicate the structure of films. The incorporation of TiO2 (0.5%) caused a subsequent effect on the tensile property, UV blocking properties and water vapor properties (WVP). On the other hand, SPI film composed with a constant amount of TiO2 and different concentration of cinnamaldehyde showed an excellent synergistic effect to improve the tensile property, moisture content, UV blocking properties, water vapor properties and morphological characteristics. Furthermore, the composite films exhibited superior antibacterial activity when tested against both S. aureus and E. coli. The microstructure of the composite film become heterogeneous and rough after addition of TiO2 and cinnamaldehyde compare to control film. The findings of the present study may facilitate a re‐evaluation of the potential of using multiple compounds to prepare active edible films.
Energy absorption properties of origami‐based re‐entrant honeycomb sandwich structures with CFRP subjected to low‐velocity impact
Authors: Cui Zhen , Duan Yuechen , Qi Jiaqi , Zhang Feng , Li Bowen , Liu Mingyu , Jin Peng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates a honeycomb sandwich structure that draws inspiration from the craft of origami. A specific folding pattern was applied to the honeycomb to create the origami‐based re‐entrant honeycomb (ORH), aimed at improving the energy absorption properties of the sandwich structure. The study on the energy absorption properties of structures under low‐velocity impact (LVI) utilized both experimental and numerical approaches. The energy absorption properties of the sandwich structure were examined by conducting LVI tests with different impact energy and then compared to the mechanical properties of the traditional re‐entrant honeycomb sandwich structures (TRHSS). Additionally, a refined finite element model has been established and its accuracy verified. Numerical studies were conducted to explore the effects of structural parameters on the energy absorption properties of ORH sandwich structure (ORHSS). The results show that the ORHSS exhibited a significant reduction in peak force when subjected to LVI, in contrast to the TRHSS. Furthermore, the ORHSS exhibit significant efficiency in energy absorption. Enhancing the wall thickness or folding angle can significantly improve the energy absorption properties of the ORHSS, thereby boosting the honeycomb's contribution to this process. This optimization results in an improved absorptive effect of the structure. The findings offer new recommendations for developing lightweight absorbent materials with potential applications across various industries.Highlights
A novel composite sandwich structure serves as an efficient device for absorbing energy.
This sandwich structure exhibits excellent cushioning and energy absorption capabilities.
Changing geometric parameters can enhance the impact performance of the structure.
A larger folding angle makes the core more prone to deformation.
The greater the forward length of the ORH, the lower specific energy absorption (SEA) of the ORHSS.
Key Control Characteristics of Carbon Black Materials for Fuel Cells and Batteries for a Standardized Characterization of Surface Properties
Authors: Amin Amin Said , Caidi Adib , Lange Thomas , Radev Ivan , Sandbeck Daniel John Seale , Philippi Wladimir , Kräenbring Mena‐Alexander , Öztürk Melda , Peinecke Volker , Lerche Dietmar , Özcan Fatih , Segets Doris 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCarbon Blacks (CBs) are primarily used in electrocatalysis as support materials for nanoparticulate electrocatalysts. In fuel cells, CBs, catalysts, and proton conductive polymers (ionomers) undergo a dispersion/homogenization process for electrode coating. The interactions between components in dispersion and the surface of CB particles are complex. The surface characteristics of CB particles impact slurry formulation, electrode coating, and the resulting electrode layer, affecting fuel cell and battery performance and durability. This study investigates commercially available CBs such as Vulcan XC72R, Ketjen Black EC‐300J, Ketjen Black EC‐600JD, and Super C65, focusing on application‐relevant key control characteristics (KCCs). The KCCs include physicochemical features like electrical conductivity (electron transport through the catalyst layer, CL), oxygen‐containing surface groups (hydrophilicity/phobicity of the CL, catalyst functionalization), surface basicity/acidity, ionomer adsorption, and particle dispersibility (catalyst ink stability). KCCs are determined by particle bulk electrical conductivity, Boehm titration (BT), isoelectric point (IEP), and Hansen solubility parameters (HSP). HSP, understood as similarity parameters for particles, indicate how nanoparticle surfaces interact with liquids during dispersion. The proposed KCCs serve as a starting point for characterizing CBs and guiding product design to obtain meaningful structure‐property relationships, essential for a successful energy transition.
Artificial intelligence in rheumatoid arthritis research: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023
Authors: Liu Yang , Su Yazhen , Wu Zewen , Gao Jinfang , Gong Xueyan , Zhang Liyun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) holds promise for the screening, diagnosis, and management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study explores the current status of AI in RA from 2004 to 2023 using bibliometric analysis and outlines prospective research trends and directions.MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for studies related to AI in patients with RA between 2004 and 2023. VOSviewer was used for bibliometric analysis.ResultsA total of 601 articles from 65 countries, primarily the United States of America, China, and the United Kingdom, were included. The research revealed that the number of global studies on AI in RA surged in 2019, with the United States of America and China producing the highest numbers of articles. Brigham and Women's Hospital emerged as the leading research institution, whereas Frontiers in Immunology was the journal with the most articles on this topic. Keywords such as “rheumatoid arthritis,” “machine learning,” “artificial intelligence,” and “inflammation” were frequently used to indicate their significance in the field.ConclusionsThe synergy of AI and big data can enhance screening, early diagnosis, therapeutic decision‐making, and ground‐up drug discovery for patients with RA. AI technology can assist rheumatologists more effectively in diagnosing and predicting personalized and efficacious therapeutic drugs early in disease progression and providing continuous monitoring.