bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of processing parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir additive manufactured Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy
Authors: Li Ying , Li Xiwu , He Changshu , Wen Kai , Li Yanan , Yan Lizhen , Zhang Yongan , Xiong Baiqing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A multilayered build was fabricated by friction stir additive manufacturing (FSAM) with different parameters, using 4-mm thick 7A04-T6 aluminum alloy sheets in this study. The parameters effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the builds were investigated combined scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vickers hardness and tensile tests. Macro-softening phenomenon was observed in the builds. The precipitation and growth of the Mg (Zn, Cu, Al)2 or MgZn2 phase with the effect of the effective thermal cycles during the FSAM process mainly attributed to the formation of the macro-softening. The more effective thermal cycles experienced during the FSAM process, the more Mg (Zn, Cu, Al)2 or MgZn2 phase precipitated and coarsened, resulting in a more pronounced decrease in the mechanical properties of the build. Heat input affected the macro-softening behavior of the build by influencing the degree of dissolution, re-precipitation and coarsening of the precipitates during the FSAM process. Too low or too high heat input resulted in the incomplete dissolution or further precipitation and growth of the precipitates, aggravating the macro-softening phenomenon, and reducing the precipitation strengthening ability of the build. The mechanical properties of the build fabricated at the rotation speed of 700 rpm and travelling speed of 160 mm/min were the best in this study.
Core-Shell catalyst-mediated hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol for the preparation of cyclohexanol
Authors: Luan Guili , Nie Genkuo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The conversion of lignin-derived phenolic compounds into high-value chemicals through value-added reactions holds significant importance. Cyclohexanol, an essential chemical raw material and organic intermediate, was synthesized in this study from guaiacol, a phenolic compound derived from lignin, through a hydrodeoxygenation reaction. When compared to mechanically mixed and supported catalysts, the use of the HZSM-5@Pd-SiO2 core-shell catalyst resulted in a cyclohexanol yield of 51.1% after a reaction conducted at 493K and 2 MPa H2 for 8h. The core-shell catalyst was characterized using TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption, and NH3-TPD, Py-FTIR revealing its rich acid sites, large specific surface area, and uniform mesopores.
Preparation and study of polyvinylidene fluoride film with high UV aging resistance
Authors: Wang Peng , Nie Fu , Fei Hailin , Zhen Wanqing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride materials were widely used in the preparation of solar panel films due to their excellent weather resistance and heat resistance. In this work, Polyvinylidene fluoride films with UV absorbers (PF/UV films) were prepared by customized extrusion equipment. The properties of these films were demonstrated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), water contact angle (WCA), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile strength tester. Furthermore, the SEM observation suggested that PF/UV films had smooth surfaces without significant defects. The WCA results illustrated that PF/UV films had better hydrophobicity than polyvinylidene fluoride films. The TGA and DSC curves indicated that the initial decomposition temperature and the melting temperature of the PF/UV film were 365.1°C and 169.2°C, respectively. Furthermore, the results of UV transmittance indicated that the UV aging resistances of PF/UV film were higher than that of polyvinylidene fluoride film.
Study on the mechanical properties of non-calcined coal gangue geopolymer concrete reinforced by basalt fibers
Authors: Pu Xinmeng , Chen Yijie , Chen Yilun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fiber-reinforced non-calcined coal gangue-based polymer concrete (BFCGGC) was synthesized utilizing gangue, slag, an alkali exciter solution, and coarse and fine aggregates, alongside basalt fibers as primary constituents. Mechanical characteristics of BFCGGC were investigated by varying the mass fractions of basalt fibers, while its micro-mechanism was examined using scanning electron microscopy. The findings indicated a trend in the compressive strength of BFCGGC, initially ascending and subsequently descending with fiber incorporation. Nevertheless, both tensile and flexural strengths exhibited continuous augmentation with the inclusion of fibers. Notably, basalt fibers demonstrated a pronounced improvement in the split tensile strength of BFCGGC, with a peak enhancement rate reaching 41.3%.
Effect of dimensional stabilization treatment on mechanical properties of 45% SiCp/Al composites
Authors: Dai Tong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
With 14μm SiC particles and 2024Al alloy as raw materials, 45% SiCp/Al composites were prepared by hot isostatic pressing method to study the effect of dimensional stabilization treatments on the mechanical properties of composites. The dimensional stabilization treatments used were divided into annealing heat treatment and cold and thermal cycle treatments, and the research method found that the primary annealing treatment decreased the bending strength from 694MPa to 639MPa, and the secondary annealing treatment decreased the bending strength from 863.69MPa to 605MPa. The bending strength decreased from 694 MPa to 639 MPa after the second annealing treatment, and further to 605 MPa after the second annealing treatment. The bending strength of the composites also decreased from 863.69 MPa to 836.16 MPa, and then to 855.54 MPa after solution aging due to the cold and thermal cycle treatments of 120°C to −20°C and 190°C to −196°C, respectively. The micro yield strength increased from 356.57 MPa to 402.66 MPa, and then to 476.03 MPa. The dimensional stabilization treatments included heat treatment, as well as cold and thermal cycle treatments. The cold and thermal cycle treatments further increased the brittleness of the composites after solution aging. Both annealing and cold and thermal cycling reduce the density of the composite, with the annealing resulting in a smaller reduction than the cold and thermal cycling.
Citric acid induced enhancement in capacitive performances of polyaniline/graphene gel electrode for flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Dong Jiahui , Qin Zongyi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A composite hydrogel electrode for a flexible supercapacitor was fabricated by dispersing polyaniline/graphene composite into a polyvinyl alcohol gel network in the presence of citric acid. It was found that the introduction of citric acid could greatly promote the capacitive performances of composite gel electrodes. The assembled flexible supercapacitor could exhibit a maximum specific capacitance of 321.3 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 with a capacitance retention rate of 76.0% (from 1 A g−1 to 20 A g−1). Furthermore, even after enduring 5000 cycles at 20 A g−1, the supercapacitor maintained 86.8% of its initial capacitance, demonstrating excellent cycling stability. This work indicated that the introduction of multifunctional organic acid offered a more efficient pore structure for facilitating charge transport and dextral charge storage for gel electrodes, as a result, significant enhancement in capacitive performances.
Study on factors affecting slip resistance performance of floor panels
Authors: Liu Yu , Kang Dugang , Lv Xiao , Chen Zhonggeng , Wan Shuai , Quan Yonglin , Tang Jia , Zhang Bo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In order to improve the slip resistence performance of floor panels used in escalators and moving walkways, as well as ensure the safety, the paper analyzes the impact of different factors on the slip resistence performance of floor panels through experiments. The test results reveal that the surface treatment degree of floor panels, environmental temperature and humidity, and passengers’ footwear all exert varying degress of impact on the slip resistence performance.
Investigation on heat transfer enhancement of PCM by tree-like fins
Authors: Guo Zishuo , Xu Li , Sun Feihu , Sun Si 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The limited thermal conductivity of PCM significantly hampers the potential applications of phase change heat storage. To enhance heat transfer efficiency, fins can be incorporated into the phase change unit. In this study, two tree-like fins were designed based on fractal principles, and a transient model for fin-lauric acid phase change was established. Through numerical simulations, we investigated and compared the variations in liquid fraction of units equipped with fractal fins, traditional rectangular fins, and without any fins. In order to explore the variation of the heat transfer process in the units, the solid-liquid interface and temperature distribution were analyzed. The results demonstrate that due to their superior enhancement effect on heat conduction outweighing any inhibitory effects from natural convection, fractal fins exhibit significant improvements in heat transfer performance by shortening the complete melting time by 33.72% and 29.17%, respectively, for each type of tree-like fin.
Study on the effect of thickness on sound absorption performance of foam aluminum
Authors: Yuan Zhaodong , Zhu Kailin , Dang Sizheng , Zhu Yuanzhi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of different thicknesses on the sound absorption performance of foam aluminum with different pore sizes through a combination of experiments and theoretical research. The results show that the average sound absorption coefficient of small-pore foam aluminum increases with increasing material thickness. As the thickness increases, there is a trend of the peak sound absorption performance shifting towards lower frequencies. In the mid-frequency range, although the sound absorption coefficient increases with the thickness of foam aluminum, the growth rate decreases. The average sound absorption coefficient of large-pore foam aluminum significantly increases with the material thickness and is reflected across various frequency ranges. With the increase in thickness, the sound absorption efficiency also improves, but the rate of improvement gradually slows down after reaching a certain thickness. Samples with the same thickness exhibit different performances in sound absorption coefficient, especially in frequencies above 2000Hz, where these differences are more pronounced. In the high-frequency range, the sound absorption coefficient of 100mm-thick large-pore foam aluminum material approaches 1, approximately 0.95.
Droplet bouncing electricity generation on graphene substrate
Authors: Li Dan , Chen Nan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Since the discovery of the phenomenon of droplets bouncing on hydrophobic surfaces, researchers have been dedicated to studying the underlying physical mechanisms of this phenomenon. Particularly, in recent years, researchers have focused on the observation that droplet bouncing can generate electrical signals. Inspired by this, we explore the potential applications of electrical signals generated by droplets (water droplets) bouncing in sensors and other relevant fields. In this study, we chose a well-established reduced graphene oxide (rGO) film, typical in the sensor field, as a substrate to investigate the bouncing electricity generation performance of water droplets on it. Three variable factors were considered, including droplet bouncing on rGO substrates with different inclinations, bouncing of droplets of different sizes at the same inclination on rGO substrates, and droplet dropping frequency, to investigate their effects on the electrical signals.
Optimal economic operation of smart home devices based on home microgrids and time-of-use tariffs
Authors: Liao Mengting , Yu Ling , Ding Baocang , Yu Min , Du Maochun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a two-layer model is proposed for smart devices in a home energy management system in order to optimize residential energy use under time-of-use tariffs and home microgrids. Home smart devices are modelled based on their power consumption attributes and building thermal resistance. An HVAC-transferable device cooperative operation strategy is introduced to construct the economic optimization of the upper-level HVAC operation and the lower-level transferable device operation. This strategy reduces home power costs while maintaining user comfort. By iteratively solving the two-layer model, the optimal power consumption scheme for home smart devices is determined.
Soft robots and soft bodies: biological insights into the structure and function of fluidic soft robots
Authors: Zamanian Amir Hosein , Voltzow Janice 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Over the last two decades, robotics engineering has witnessed rapid growth in the exploration and development of soft robots. Soft robots are made of deformable materials with mechanical properties or other features that resemble biological structures. These robots are often inspired by living organisms or mimic their locomotion, such as crawling and swimming. This paper aims to assist researchers in robotics and engineering to design soft robots incorporating or inspired by biological systems with a more informed perspective on biological models and functions. We address the characteristics of fluidic soft robots inspired by or mimicking biological examples, establish a method to categorize soft robots from a functional biological perspective, and provide a wider range of organisms to inspire the development of soft robotics. The actuation mechanisms in bioinspired and biomimetic soft robotics would benefit from a clearer understanding of the underlying principles, organization, and function of biological structures.
The dominant mechanisms of nutrient cycling in high-dam reservoirs: retention, transport or transformation?
Authors: Wu Yujiao , Li Yu , Du Erhu , Sun Yan , Zhang Jingjie , Liu Zhihong , Song Changchun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
High-dam reservoirs can significantly affect nutrient cycling processes across the globe. However, the research community now has two contradictive views (i.e. retention versus transformation) about the impact of high-dam reservoirs on nutrient cycling due to incomplete information obtained from limited field samplings. To resolve this issue, we develop a physically-based, three-dimensional water quality model to examine the spatiotemporal distributions of biogenic elements (nitrogen and phosphorus) in high-dam reservoirs with high spatial and temporal details. We apply the model to the Xiaowan Reservoir, a representative high-dam reservoir in the Lancang River Basin. By scrutinizing the spatiotemporal distributions of biogenic elements across space and over time, we find a unique ‘retention-transformation-transportation’ process of nitrogen and phosphorus in the high-dam reservoir, with dominant transformation occurring in the water zone before the dam during non-flood period while dominant retention occurring in the middle part of a reservoir during flood period. We further find that transformations of biogenic elements are enhanced only in low-temperature and low-oxygen environments. Our findings show solid scientific basis to resolve the contradictive views about nutrient cycling mechanisms in high-dam reservoirs, and provide important policy implications for the operation of high-dam reservoirs to achieve improved water quality while maintaining clean energy supply.
Ornithological characterisation of the natural habitats’s Lake Dayet Er Roumi (Khemisset, Morocco)
Authors: Sadki M , Chahlaoui A , Belkhiri A , Maliki A , Saidi A , Khaffou M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The permanent natural lake located in the Dayet Er-Roumi lake ecosystem (N 33°74’ - W 6°19’) is a Site of Biological and Ecological Interest (SIBE) that is unique in a semi-continental region. This site has a distinct sub-humid microclimate, in marked contrast to the vast semi-arid zone that surrounds it. Located 15 kilometres south of the town of Khémisset, the lake is subject to significant human pressure due to its ease of access, its importance to local communities and its significant biological value.
The overall aim of this study is to analyse the Dayet Er-Roumi lake ecosystem, focusing on the site’s natural habitats and their interactions with the bird population. The study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the environmental health and biodiversity of the lake, given the significant human pressure exerted on it. The research took place during the 2020-2021 campaign, with regular weekly analyses and observations.
Analysis of the ecology of bird populations and their natural environments at Lake Dayet Er-Roumi revealed a gradual deterioration in the natural habitats of the lake system. The latter includes wetland habitats such as surface water, the aquatic bed, emergents, trees and shrubs, woodlands and non-vegetative areas, as well as non-wetland habitats such as agricultural fields and residential areas. This alteration has a negative impact on the distribution of bird populations, whether sedentary or migratory. A total of 45 species were recorded during the study, but it is important to note that 4 of them have a dual status, with the following numbers: sedentary breeders (n=1), sedentary non-breeders (n=19), winterers (n=17), migratory passage birds (n=10), and occasional visitors (n=3).
Soil quality index: a tool to detect the sensitivity to soil erosion in an agricultural catchment from the Middle Atlas of Morocco.
Authors: Nadia Ennaji , Hasan Ouakhir , Said Halouan , Hassan Mosaid , Youness Abahrour , Mohamed Abahrour 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The present paper focuses on the application of the Soil Quality Index (SQI) within the Tiguert catchment, situated in the Middle Atlas of Morocco. The studied catchment, covering approximately 10.2 km², experiences a semi-arid climate with irregular rainfall and is designated as an agricultural area, making it an ideal site for studying the intricate interactions between natural processes and human activities. The SQI developed as part of the Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use (MEDALUS) project is tailored to the unique conditions of the Mediterranean region. In the case of the Tiguert catchment, SQI is calculated using a formula that considers topographical slope, horizontal depth of soil, parental material, and soil brightness. Consequently, the results depict a promising scenario, with 61% of the soil classified as “High Quality,” indicating robust soil health and resilience despite the challenges posed by a semi-arid climate. The 31% categorized as “Moderate Quality” underscores areas requiring specific management attention, while the 8% identified as “Low Quality” signals localized challenges potentially influenced by irregular rainfall patterns. Furthermore, the SQI results are closely linked to soil erosion dynamics, with higher SQI values associated with improved resistance to erosion. The dynamic connection between precipitation patterns and SQI over a 40-year analysis indicates the impact of varying rainfall on soil health. Extreme rainfall events correspond to higher SQI percentages in the “High Quality” category, while drier periods align with lower SQI percentages, emphasizing the dynamic relationship between climate and soil quality. A comprehensive analysis of SQI across diverse ecosystems in Tiguert reveals variations in soil health, emphasizing the importance of tailored land management approaches for different land use types to optimize overall soil sustainability.
Modeling of ecological niches of Barbary Partridge (Alectoris barbara) under conditions of bioclimatic variability in the Fes-Meknes region (Morocco)
Authors: El fallah Kamal , El kharrim Khadija , Belghyti Driss 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Barbary Partridge (Alectoris barbara) is a bird species belonging to the Phasianidae family and is endemic to North Africa, including Morocco. Effective conservation of this species requires a thorough understanding and accurate assessment of the environmental factors that influence reproductive parameters. In this study, we used the species distribution models (SDM) to study the geographical distribution of the Barbary Partridge in Morocco. These models are tools that allow us to study the effects of climate change on the spatial distribution of species, they are based on the Maxent (maximum entropy) algorithm. These models are based on environmental and biological data and can predict the probability of a species’ occurrence in a given geographic area. They can also predict how climatic and environmental conditions will change over time and how these changes will affect the species’ distribution. The results obtained revealed that the environmental factors that have a significant influence on the distribution area of Barbary Partridge under Moroccan conditions are: annual precipitation (Bio12) with a contribution rate of 23.3%; precipitation of the driest quarter (Bio17) at 19.9%; altitude at 9.9%; minimum temperature of the coldest month (Bio 6) at 7.6%; precipitation of the driest month (Bio14) at 7.2%; and mean temperature of the wettest quarter (Bio8) at 4.4%. This information can be used to assist in long-term conservation planning by identifying areas that may become more or less suitable for the species.
The effect of climate change on the variation of low flow rates within mountainous basins: Case study of the Srou basin-Middle Atlas-Morocco (1976-2016)
Authors: Omar Ghadbane , Mohamed Chakir , Hasan Ouakhir 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The study of hydro-climatic variability over extended periods is crucial for comprehending the effects of climate variability on water resources and the incidence of droughts. In Morocco, drought has historically afflicted the plains, eastern, and southern regions of the country. However, the impact of drought in mountainous areas has often been overlooked. Climate change has exacerbated this situation, as evidenced by significant water deficits experienced by Morocco in 1982 and 2007. These events underscore the vulnerability of regions to drought, especially during periods of low-flow. This study focuses on examining rainfall variability within the Srou River basin, and its impact on fluctuations in low-flow rates in the context of a changing climate. The analysis utilizes the Cumulative Sum method to assess these dynamics. Besides, rainfall data and monthly low-flow rates were analysed and assessed. The obtained results reveal a significant variability in rainfall across the watershed, with a general trend of decline punctuated by occasional brief wet periods. These drought episodes have led to diminished surface and groundwater resources within the area. This research sheds light on the pressing need to address hydro-climatic challenges and underscores the urgency of adaptation measures to safeguard water security in Morocco’s diverse geographical contexts.