bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa "Мови Європи в стані оновлення" (Kijów, 20-21 kwietnia 2016)
Authors: Banasiak Jakub 
Published: January 2017

International scientific conference Мови Європи в стані оновлення (Kiev, 20–21 April 2016)The article is a report from an international scientific conference, organised on 20–21 April 2016 in Kiev by the Institute of the Ukrainian Language, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The conference, entitled Мови Європи в стані оновлення, was devoted to innovations in European languages, including especially the Slavic languages. Międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa Мови Європи в стані оновлення (Kijów, 20–21 kwietnia 2016)Artykuł stanowi relację z międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej zorganizowanej w dniach 20–21 kwietnia 2016 roku w Kijowie przez Instytut Języka Ukraińskiego Narodowej Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. Konferencja, zatytułowana Мови Європи в стані оновлення, poświęcona była innowacjom w językach Europy, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem języków słowiańskich.
Evaluation of Outcomes in Patients Given Dexmedetomidine in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Guven Damla Guclu , Demiraran Yavuzw , Sezen Gulbin , Kepek Okkes , Iskender Abdulkadir 
Published: January 2017

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride (DEX) on hemodynamic parameters and on surgeon and patient satisfaction during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Methods: Forty patients who were to undergo FESS were enrolled in this randomized, prospective, controlled study. In the DEX group, conscious sedation was induced with an infusion of 1 μg/kg of DEX 10 minutes before surgery, followed by an infusion of DEX at 0.2 μg/kg per hour. A control group was given identical amounts of saline solution. During the procedure, hemodynamic data were recorded. The patients evaluated their pain on a visual analog scale (VAS). Intraoperative bleeding was rated on a 6-point scale for evaluation of operative field visibility. Results: We observed that the DEX group had lower bleeding scores (p = 0.019). The heart rates were lower in the DEX group at the time of induction (p = 0.052) and in the 1st (p = 0.009) and 20th minutes (p = 0.039) of induction. The mean blood pressure values were lower in the DEX group in the 5th (p < 0.001), 45th (p = 0.003), and 60th (p = 0.05) minutes of induction. The VAS score was lower in the DEX group in the 30th postoperative minute (p = 0.001); however, the VAS score was lower in the control group after the 12th hour (p < 0.001). Postoperative side effects such as nausea, tachycardia, hypotension, and vomiting were significantly less frequent in the DEX group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: We observed that the intraoperative bleeding, hemodynamic stability, and VAS scores were better and the side effects were less frequent in the DEX group.
Otosclerosis: Thirty-Year Follow-Up After Surgery
Authors: Dahlin Redfors Ylva , Möller Claes 
Published: January 2017

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the hearing outcomes 28 to 30 years after stapedectomy in patients with surgically confirmed otosclerosis, and to evaluate inner ear involvement. Methods: A retrospective clinical study was performed. Sixty-five consecutive patients who underwent stapedectomy at a tertiary referral center between 1977 and 1979 were included in the study. Medical records, including preoperative and postoperative audiograms, were reviewed, and a long-term follow-up clinical examination and pure tone audiometry were performed. The hearing outcome was compared with that of a reference population (ISO 7029) in terms of age and gender. Results: Thirty years after stapedectomy, 66% of the patients' ears studied showed a moderate to profound hearing loss. The deterioration was mainly caused by a sensory hearing loss. The hearing loss was significantly greater than that in the reference population for both air and bone conduction thresholds at the early and late stages of the disease. A large majority of the patients (88%) had bilateral otosclerosis. Conclusions: Patients with otosclerosis have a sensorineural hearing loss that cannot be explained by age. Otosclerosis should be regarded as a middle and inner ear disease. Almost all patients with otosclerosis are in need of ongoing audio-logical rehabilitation and hearing aids.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Pediatric Bilateral Vocal Fold Dysfunction
Authors: Steiner Joel I. , Fink A. Michelle , Berkowitz Robert G. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives: We studied the findings of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in infants with idiopathic congenital bilateral vocal fold dysfunction (CBVFD). Methods: We performed a retrospective investigation of a case series. Results: We identified 26 children (14 male, 12 female) over 11 years. Three children were excluded. Thirteen patients required airway interventions, including continuous positive airway pressure (4 patients), endotracheal intubation (1), and tracheostomy (8). The findings on brain MRI were abnormal in 8 patients (35%). Tracheostomy was required in 3 patients (38%) with abnormal MRI findings, as compared with 5 of 15 patients (33%) with normal MRI findings. The MRI abnormalities involved evidence of white matter injury (2), abnormal white matter signal (1), subdural blood (3), cerebral swelling (1), and perisylvian polymicrogyria (1). The cranial ultrasound findings were abnormal in 4 of 11 patients. The MRI findings were abnormal in 2 of 7 children in whom the cranial ultrasound findings were normal, and in 2 of the 4 patients in whom the cranial ultrasound findings were abnormal. Conclusions: The MRI abnormalities were nonspecific; however, they may indicate unrecognized perinatal intracranial injury as being related to CBVFD. In addition, MRI may reveal an underlying structural brain anomaly. Cranial ultrasound has poor sensitivity and specificity. Hence, MRI should be considered as part of the routine assessment of neonates with CBVFD.
Comparison between Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil for Controlled Hypotension and Recovery in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Lee Jungah , Kim Yongshin , Park Chansoon , Jeon Yeonsu , Kim Daewoo , Joo Jinduk , Kang Hyerim 
Published: January 2017

Objectives: We compared the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil hydrochloride in intraoperative field conditions and recovery during endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods: Sixty-six patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II) scheduled for elective endoscopic sinus surgery were enrolled in this prospective, double-blinded, randomized study. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Propofol, 2 to 2.5 mg/kg, was administered to both groups to induce anesthesia, which was maintained with desflurane. One group received dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg over 10 minutes at anesthesia induction, followed by 0.4 to 0.8 μg/kg per hour infusion during maintenance, whereas the other group received remifentanil 1 μg/kg over 1 minute at anesthesia induction, followed by 0.2 to 0.4 μg/kg per minute infusion during maintenance. Surgical conditions, hemodynamic parameters, intraoperative blood loss, time to extubation, sedation, and pain in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) were recorded. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to surgical field conditions, blood loss, or extubation time. The sedation score (Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation) in the PACU was significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group than in the remifentanil group (p < 0.001). No differences were found in total blood loss, surgical field conditions, hemodynamic parameters, time to extubation, or pain in the PACU when the two groups were compared (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Although remifentanil and dexmedetomidine both enabled hypotensive anesthesia and good intraoperative fields for endoscopic sinus surgery, recovery was faster with remifentanil than with dexmedetomidine in the immediate postoperative period.
Chronic Otorrhea Caused by Myospherulosis in the Middle Ear after Tympanoplasty
Authors: Honings Jimmie , Dammeijer Patrick F. M. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives: Myospherulosis is a foreign body reaction induced by the application of oil-based ointments. Myospherulosis in the ear is extremely rare. Only 4 cases have been described, all of which occurred after (repeated) mastoid surgery. Methods: We present a case of persistent otorrhea and conductive hearing loss caused by myospherulosis in the middle ear following tympanoplasty. Results: The patient underwent revision middle ear surgery with removal of abnormally thick, pale tissue in the middle ear. Histology showed a foreign body reaction with signs of myospherulosis. Conclusions: Myospherulosis is a very rare complication of the use of oil-based ointments. Surgeons should be aware that these products might cause a foreign body reaction leading to myospherulosis. In patients who have chronic otorrhea after previous mastoid or middle ear surgery, myospherulosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Le chamanisme des Amérindiens et des missionnaires de la Nouvelle-France
Authors: Laflèche Guy 
Published: January 2017

Comme je me moquais d'eux et que je Ieur disais que les castors ne savaient pas ce que l'on faisait de leurs os, ils me répondirent, tu ne sais pas prendre les castors et tu en veux parler. Paul Lejeune, Relation de 1634 C'est chose étrange, disaient-ils, que depuis que la prière est entrée dans nos cabanes, nos anciennes coutumes ne nous servent plus de rien, et cependant nous mourons tous à cause que nous les quittons. Barthélemy Vimont, Relation de 1643
Practice of Seclusion: A Five-Year Retrospective Review in North Cheshire
Authors: Salib Emad , Ahmed A G , Cope Mike 
Published: January 2017

This study examines, retrospectively, the trends and factors associated with the use of seclusion over a five-year period in a regional secure unit located within a large psychiatric hospital that serves the population of North Cheshire. Ninety-four patients (15.3% of total admissions to the unit) spent some time in seclusion on 186 occasions. The average time spent in seclusion was 85 minutes (minimum 15 minutes and maximum 10 hours). Sixty-seven per cent of patients were secluded once, 20% secluded twice, and 13% more than three times. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of personality disorder (11.4%) accounted for 44.2% of seclusions whereas those with a defined mental disorder (55%) accounted for 35% of all seclusions. The rate of seclusion, characteristics of secluded patients, reasons, and average duration spent in seclusion, did not vary significantly over the study period, despite the significant reduction of the unit's admission rate from 150 to 63 per year. The consistent and regular occurrence of the practice over a five-year period may suggest that seclusion of some disturbed patients will inevitably continue to be used as an effective intervention and, probably at times, the only acceptable method that may ensure the safety of patients and staff.
Method and Ethics in Advancing Jury Research
Authors: Robertshaw P 
Published: January 2017

In this article the contemporary problems of the jury and jury research are considered. This is timely, in view of the current Home Office Consultation Paper on the future of, and alternatives to, the jury in serious fraud trials, to which the author has submitted representations on its jury aspects. The research position is dominated by the prohibitions in the Contempt of Court Act 1981. The types of indirect research on jury deliberation which have been achieved within this stricture are outlined. In the USA, direct research of the jury is possible but, for historical reasons, it has been in television documentaries that direct observation of the deliberation process has been achieved. The first issue is discussed and the problems of inauthenticity, ‘the observer effect’, and of existential invalidity in ‘mock’ or ‘shadow’ juries are noted. Finally, the kinds of issues that could be addressed if licensed jury deliberation research was legalized, are proposed. It is also suggested that there are methods available to transcend the problems associated with American direct research.
Q Fever Endocarditis
Authors: Lamb R. , Boyd J. F. , Grist N. R. 
Published: January 2017

Q fever endocarditis is described in a man aged 48 years, known to have had a rheumatic fever-like illness in 1960. He had evidence of aortic valve disease when seen with mumps infection in 1963. He was again seen in 1966 with suspected subacute bacterial endocarditis, but later, Q fever infection was shown to be present by serological tests. He survived for just over one year from the presumed onset of Q fever, in spite of prolonged intensive antibiotic therapy. Necropsy examination showed chronic congestive cardiac failure with pleural and pericardial effusions, and calcific aortic stenosis with tiny vegetations along the edges of the cusps. Rickettsia burneti was isolated only from the damaged aortic valve, and histology revealed colonies of cocco-bacillary bodies between the collagen bundles. Immuno-fluorescence studies suggested that the rickettsiae were heavily coated with 7S gamma globulin (presumably the patient's own specific antibody). It is important to consider Q fever endocarditis in all cases presenting as bacterial endocarditis.
Metabolic Studies with Porcine Calcitonin in Osteoporosis
Authors: Brown Patricia , Thin Christian G. , Mahne D. N. S. , Roscoe P. , Strong J. A. 
Published: January 2017

This investigation was undertaken to assess the effect of porcine calcitonin on the available indices of bone metabolism in blood and excreta of patients with osteoporosis. No consistent changes were observed in 4 patients following a single intramuscular injection of calcitonin. An intravenous infusion of calcitonin in 2 patients resulted in a slight fall in serum calcium concentration and in a marked phosphaturia. Four patients were studied for periods of 13, 30, 32 and 105 days each during the administration of calcitonin. This was given in 4 individual intramuscular doses totalling from 40 to 160 M.R.C. units daily. Complete balance studies on calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen were undertaken for the early stages of treatment, but no clear evidence of a response was observed. The results suggest that under these conditions porcine calcitonin may have little value in the management of osteoporosis.
Surgical Repair of Rectal Prolapse
Authors: Gordon I. , Miller D. F. 
Published: January 2017

Twenty-seven cases of rectal prolapse have been treated by complete mobilisation of the rectum which, with the sigmoid colon, is then fixed in an elevated position using a modification of the Pemberton-Stalker technique. Although almost half of the patients were over 70 years of age, there was no operative mortality. One of the prolapses recurred; 18 patients were followed for 3 years or more, giving a 3-year recurrence rate of 5.5 per cent. Bowel control was improved or restored to normal in all but one of the patients with faecal incontinence. The results appear satisfactory when compared with those following more complicated operations, and it is suggested that this relatively simple operation should be used more widely, particularly in the treatment of elderly patients.
Phagocytosis of Colloidal Carbon by the Fixed Tissue and Peritoneal Macrophages of New Zealand Mice
Authors: Whaley K. , Singh H. , Webb J. 
Published: January 2017

The peritoneal cellular response to colloidal carbon has been studied in NZB, NZW, BWF1, BALB/c, CBA and C3Hf mice aged 8 to 10 weeks. The overall patterns of total and differential peritoneal cell counts was similar in all 6 strains of mice. No inter-strain differences were noted in either the removal of carbon from the peritoneal cavity or the distribution of carbon in the fixed tissue macrophages. The results show that phagocytosis of colloidal carbon, an inert particle, is normal in New Zealand mice. Intravenous carbon clearance studies performed on NZB, BALB/c and CBA mice showed that phagocytosis of carbon was identical in each strain when correction was made for variations in liver and spleen weight.
Treatment of Endometriosis with Reduced Dosage Schedules of Danazol
Authors: Chalmers J. A. 
Published: January 2017

Experience of the treatment of endometriosis with danazol compares very favourably with the previous use of an oestrogen-progestogen combination in this condition. Symptoms were relieved more rapidly and for longer periods of time. The response to various dose regimes of danazol reveals that 200mg daily may be adequate for most cases.
The Diagnostic Value of the Repolarization Pattern in the Electrocardiographic Lead V6
Authors: Jones M. E. , Short D. S. 
Published: January 2017

T wave inversion confined to the lateral leads presents one of the commonest dilemmas in the field of electrocardiogram (ECG) reporting. The differentiation between lateral ischaemia and left ventricular hypertrophy is generally based on the presence or absence of the accepted voltage criterion of hypertrophy, even though this is admitted to have a relatively low degree of sensitivity. In this study the repolarisation pattern in V6 has been analysed in a consecutive series of 100 patients showing T inversion of at least 1 mm in this lead, and correlated with the diagnosis. Patients on digoxin or similar drugs were excluded. Thirty-four patients were diagnosed as having hypertension or aortic valve disease or a combination of the two conditions: 31 as pure ischaemic heart disease; 24 as a combination of ischaemic and hypertensive or aortic valvular disease and 11 as having miscellaneous diseases. Two abnormalities of the T wave showed a significant association with aortic valve disease and hypertension; namely marked asymmetry and terminal positivity (overshoot). These features were sometimes seen in these diseases when the commonly acceptable voltage criterion of left ventricular hypertrophy was lacking.
Skull X-Rays in Minor Head Injury
Authors: Gibson T. C. 
Published: January 2017

A retrospective review of the value of skull X-rays in the management of1379 patients presenting to an accident and emergency department with minor head injuries was made. Ten skull fractures were identified in this group (an incidence of 0.7%) of which only four were identified by the casualty officer, the remainder being subsequently identified by the radiologist. Some 90 per cent of patients had no history of concussion, and 33 per cent had no external evidence of head injury. All patients with fractures were admitted because of clinical criteria so that skull X-rays played no part in determining whether patients were admitted for observation or not. Only one patient required operative intervention for a compound depressed fracture, and no patient developed an intracranial haematoma. It is concluded that there is need to educate casualty officers on the indications for, and interpretation of skull X-rays. It is hoped that this might decrease the cost to the Health Service of needless skull X-rays, without detriment to the standards of patient care.
Staphylococcal Septicaemia Complicated by Probable Cloxacillin Neurotoxicity and by Jaundice Induced by Fusidic Acid
Authors: McAreavey Dorothea , Redding Penelope J. 
Published: January 2017

Two weeks following a renal arteriogram a 56-year-old man with severe hypertension developed a staphylococcal septicaemia. After six weeks treatment with intravenous fusidic acid and cloxacillin he became icteric, confused and disorientated. The fusidic acid was stopped and the serum bilirubin fell to normal. His confusion persisted and serum cloxacillin levels were found to be grossly elevated. The patient's mental state returned to normal following withdrawal of cloxacillin. We attribute his jaundice to treatment with fusidic acid and his acute confusional state to cloxacillin neurotoxicity.
Carbonated Drinks, Thiamine Deficiency and Right Ventricular Failure
Authors: Bell D. , Robertson C.E. , Muir A. L. 
Published: January 2017

A 69 year old male presented with clinical features of right ventricular failure. A dilated poorly contracting right ventricle was confirmed by echocardiography and radionuclide ventriculography, with subsequent improvement following thiamine replacement. Wet beriberi is a result of thiamine deficiency and is uncommon in Europe and North America except in association with chronic alcohol abuse. We report a patient with beriberi presenting unusually with severe right-sided cardiac failure, with documented impairment of right ventricular function, which improved with thiamine replacement. His dietary intake of thiamine was low because of excess intake of carbonated drinks and carbohydrates.
HIV Testing in Glasgow Genito-Urinary Medicine Clinics 1985–1987
Authors: Joshi U.Y. , Cameron S.O. , Sommerville J.M. , Sommerville R.G. 
Published: January 2017

Between 1 March 1985 and 28 February 1987, 1659 patients attending Glasgow Genito-Urinary Medicine (GUM) Clinics were tested for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Forty (2.4%) were positive. Thirty-seven of these were homosexual (36/37) or bisexual (1/37) males. The overall prevalence of antibodies to HIV in this group was 3.9% (37/940) and showed no significant increase over the two year period. Following the extensive media campaign in October 1986, the total numbers tested each month rose from an average of around 50, to 144 in December 1986. There was a further rise to 220 in March 1987 coinciding with AIDS week in March 1987. Since then the numbers have again declined. Before the October campaign, 70% of these tested (692/990) were homo/bisexual males. After the campaign the number of heterosexual males and females rose sharply, accounting for 68% of these tested.
The Prevalence of Smoking Amongst Patients Attending an Out-Patient Lipid Clinic
Authors: Wright R.A. , Riemersma R.A. , Bloomfield P. 
Published: January 2017

The smoking habits of 184 attendees (mean age 47 years, 101 men) at a hospital-based lipid clinic were reviewed in conjunction with a measurement of serum thiocyanate level which is a marker for smoking over the previous two weeks. Advice against smoking is routinely given at the clinic. We found 84 (46%) patients to remain active smokers of whom 78 admitted to smoking and 6 were identified on the basis of a serum thiocyanate level greater than 100 umol/l. Smoking was more prevalent amongst women than men (52% v 33%). We have identified a high proportion of patients attending an outpatient lipid clinic as remaining active smokers despite receiving advice against cigarette smoking. This emphasises the need for more effective counselling against smoking in a multiple risk factor intervention approach to ischaemic heart disease.
Teaching Airway Management on Anaesthetised Patients
Authors: Martin P. D. , Chambers W. A. 
Published: January 2017

In order to assess the availability of appropriate resources for a programme of in-theatre teaching of airway skills using anaesthetised patients, two surveys of airway management on anaesthetised patients with identification of those suitable for teaching airway care; and a questionnaire to senior anaesthetists assessing attitudes to such teaching were performed. The results demonstrated that, of all patients undergoing general anaesthesia 45% were intubated and of these 29% were regarded as suitable for teaching intubation. The introduction of the Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) into clinical practice has reduced the number of patients having their airways maintained by either bag and mask or tracheal intubation, with implications for learning those skills. In our survey 16% had a Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) placed for airway securement and of these 29% would have been intubated had the LMA not been available. Finally, amongst anaesthetists in our survey there is a wide variety of attitudes to teaching airway skills using anaesthetised patients.