bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating microRNAs as a Novel Class of Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Authors: Kichukova Tatyana M. , Popov Nikolay T. , Ivanov Hristo Y. , Vachev Tihomir I. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNeuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are a huge burden on society, impairing the health of those affected, as well as their ability to learn and work. Biomarkers that reflect the dysregulations linked to neuropsychiatric diseases may potentially assist the diagnosis of these disorders. Most of these biomarkers are found in the brain tissue, which is not easily accessible. This is the challenge for the search of novel biomarkers that are present in various body fluids, including serum or plasma. As a group of important endogenous small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level, microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in many physiological and pathological processes. Previously, researchers discovered that miRNAs contribute to the neurodevelopment and maturation, including neurite outgrowth, dendritogenesis and dendritic spine formation. These developments underline the significance of miRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosing central nervous system diseases. Accumulated evidence indicates that there are considerable differences between the cell-free miRNA expression profiles of healthy subjects and those of patients. Therefore, circulating miRNAs are likely to become a new class of noninvasive, sensitive biomarkers. Despite the fact that little is known about the origin and functions of circulating miRNAs, their essential roles in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of neuropsychiatric diseases make them attractive biomarkers. In this review we cover the increasing amounts of dataset that have accumulated in the last years on the use of circulating miRNAs and their values as potential biomarkers in most areas of neuropsychiatric diseases.
Heart Rate Variability as a Method for Assessment of the Autonomic Nervous System and the Adaptations to Different Physiological and Pathological Conditions
Authors: Taralov Zdravko Z. , Terziyski Kiril V. , Kostianev Stefan S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe autonomic nervous system controls the smooth muscles of the internal organs, the cardiovascular system and the secretory function of the glands and plays a major role in the processes of adaptation. Heart rate variability is a non-invasive and easily applicable method for the assessment of its activity. The following review describes the origin, parameters and characteristics of this method and its potential for evaluation of the changes of the autonomic nervous system activity in different physiological and pathological conditions such as exogenous hypoxia, physical exercise and sleep. The application of heart rate variability in daily clinical practice would be beneficial for the diagnostics, the outcome prognosis and the assessment of the effect of treatment in various diseases.
Osteoporosis: Therapeutic Options
Authors: Ivanova Stefka , Vasileva Liliya , Ivanova Stanislava , Peikova Lily , Obreshkova Danka 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The definition of osteoporosis was originally formulated at a conference of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1993 as ‘a systemic skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass and altered micro-architecture of bone tissue, leading to enhanced bone fragility and risk of fractures’. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and loss of the structural and bio-mechanical properties that are required to maintain bone homeostasis. This review aims to address the currently available options in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Management of osteoporosis includes non-pharmacological treatment - diet rich of calcium and vitamin D, healthy lifestyle, proper exercise plan, and pharmacological therapy. Combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment options have to be considered for prevention of osteoporosis and minimization of the risk of fractures. Given the heterogeneity of osteoporosis syndrome and lack of significant number of comparative studies, the choice of a pharmacological agents should be individualized.
Hearing Loss in Patients with Shunt-Treated Hydrocephalus
Authors: Panova Margarita V. , Geneva Ina E. , Madjarova Kalina I. , Bosheva Miroslava N. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Hearing loss is a common manifestation of the long-term complications in patients with shunt treated hydrocephalus along with motor development disturbance, cognitive and visual impairment, epilepsy and endocrine disorders.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the alterations of hearing in patients with shunt treated hydrocephalus of non-tumor etiology and at least one year after implantation of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, as well as their impact on the quality of life of patients.
The study included 70 patients (age range 1.25 years - 21.25 years) with shunted non-tumor hydrocephalus and at least one year after placement of the shunt system. Hearing alterations were proved by measuring the brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) for children up to 5 years of age and children with mental retardation; audiograms was used for children older than 5 years with normal neuro-psychological development (NPD).
Of the 70 studied patients 17 (24%) had hearing loss (10 bilateral and 7-unilateral) and all of them had sensorineural hearing loss, which is associated with low weight at birth, posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and brainstem symptoms at the time of diagnosis of hydrocephalus. Hearing pathology was found more often in shunt-treated patients with NPD retardation, poor functional status and low quality of life.
Children with shunt-treated hydrocephalus have hearing loss of sensorineural type. Children with brain stem symptomatology at diagnosing hydrocephalus and children with post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus show higher risk of hearing loss. Children with shunted hydrocephalus and hearing loss show lower NPD, lower quality of life and lower functional status.
Clinical Effect of Dental Adhesive on Marginal Integrity in Class I And Class II Resin-Composite Restorations
Authors: Manchorova-Veleva Neshka A. , Vladimirov Stoyan B. , Keskinova Donka А. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Dental adhesives are believed to influence marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration when used under posterior resin-based composite restorations. Studies on the latest adhesive systems reveal that the group of the three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (3-E&RA) and the one-step self-etch adhesive (1-SEA) have entirely different bonding mechanisms, as well as different bond strength and resistance to chemical, thermal and mechanical factors. STUDY OBJECTIVES: A hypothesis that a 1-SEA would result in greater enamel marginal discoloration and poorer marginal adaptation than a 3-E&RA was tested. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred restorations were placed with a 1-SEA and 100 restorations with a 3-E&RA. Teeth were restored with Filtek Supreme nanofilled resin-composite and were evaluated for marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration at baseline, and 6 months, 12 months, and 36 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The statistical analysis revealed significant differences in marginal integrity between test groups. The 1-SEA resulted in greater enamel marginal discoloration and poorer marginal adaptation than the 3-E&RA at any recall time. CONCLUSIONS: Marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration depend on the type of dentin adhesive used. The restorations with Filtek Supreme and Scotchbond MP are better than the restorations with Adper Prompt L-Pop with regard to the marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration at 6-, 12- and 36-month evaluations.
Polypharmacy May Be the Cause of Acute Lithium Intoxication at the Second Day of Treatment
Authors: Tursun Irfan , Tazegul Gokhan , Karhan Ogur , Gunes Neslihan , Ulukal Ece , Atcakarlar Muge Arpali , Akca Tolgahan , Coban Erkan 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Lithium is frequently used as a mood stabilizer in patients with mood disorders. Lithium has a narrow therapeutic index and high toxicity. Predisposing factors for intoxication are advanced age, diet disturbances, comorbid medical conditions affecting heart, kidneys or central nervous system and polypharmacy. CASE REPORT: Here we present a case of a 74-year-old woman with a history of Parkinson’s disease, hypertension and bipolar disorder. She was using quetiapine, valsartan with hydrochlorothiazide and levodopa with carbidopa. She presented with altered mental status and muscle rigidity. The patient was admitted with acute lithium intoxication after her second dose of treatment. Blood lithium level increased to 3.58 mEq/L. The woman was hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Intensive Care Unit. With hydration, her symptoms resolved and her lithium level returned to normal after 118 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Prescribing physicians and emergency room physicians should be aware of conditions which may cause a decreased threshold for intoxication.
Burden of Sleep Disturbance Due to Traffic Noise in Bulgaria
Authors: Dzhambov Angel M. , Dimitrova Donka D. , Mihaylova-Alakidi Vanina K. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbance is a risk factor for somatic, psycho-social and spiritual dysfunction. It is also arguably the most deleterious effect of traffic noise pollution. Quantification of its burden is an anchor element of environmental policy making but no data are currently available for Bulgaria where the preponderance of dangerous nighttime noise exposure is highest in Europe. AIM: The aim of this study was to quantify the socio-economic burden of severe sleep disturbance due to traffic noise (road, aircraft and railway) in Bulgaria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The official World Health Organization methodology used in Europe was applied in order to estimate this annual loss expressed as disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and their corresponding monetary value (assuming € 12 000 per DALY). RESULTS: Results showed that severe sleep disturbance due to all traffic sources was associated conservatively with 15 468 DALYs (8 839 - 22 097) and € 185 615 861 (€ 106 066 206 - € 265 165 516) lost in 2012, with road traffic being the single most important noise source. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, severe sleep disturbance due to traffic noise bears a heavy environmental and socio-economic burden in Bulgaria which prompts vigorous political action and greater involvement in environmental research. In order to increase the accuracy of future burden of disease analyses other studies would need to establish exposure-response functions based on population-based socio-acoustic surveys in the country.
Erratum
Authors: Gaj Kazimierz 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a method for estimating the balance of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission and absorption by Polish forest ecosystems. Based on the existing literature, a method for estimating the net absorption of CO2 and a synthetic index to assess this amount per hectare per year was developed. The calculation was derived using two alternative methodologies. The first is based on estimating the amount of CO2 sequestered over a trees’ life, and the second based on estimating the age-dependent biomass growth of trees. Obtained results indicate that total CO2 sequestration by Polish forest ecosystems is the equivalent of approximately 25% of Polish anthropogenic carbon emissions and suggest that previous calculations may have been underestimated.
The Schwarzhorn Amphibolite (Eastern Rätikon, Austria): an Early Cambrian intrusion in the Lower Austroalpine basement
Authors: Nilius Nils-Peter , Froitzheim Nikolaus , Nagel Thorsten Joachim , Tomaschek Frank , Heuser Alexander 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The Alpine nappe stack in the Penninic-Austroalpine boundary zone in the Rätikon (Austria) contains a 4×1 km tectonic sliver of meta-diorite, known as the Schwarzhorn Amphibolite. It was deformed and metamorphosed in the amphibolite facies and is unconformably overlain by unmetamorphic Lower Triassic sandstone, indicating pre-Triassic metamorphism. Cataclastic deformation and brecciation of the amphibolite is related to normal faulting and block tilting during Jurassic rifting. Zircon dating of the Schwarzhorn Amphibolite using LA-ICP-MS gave a U-Pb age of 529+9/-8 Ma, interpreted as the crystallization age of the protolith. Geochemical characteristics indicate formation of the magmatic protolith in a supra-subduction zone setting. The Cambrian protolith age identifies the Schwarzhorn Amphibolite as a pre-Variscan element within the Austroalpine basement. Similar calc-alkaline igneous rocks of Late Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian age are found in the Upper Austroalpine Silvretta Nappe nearby and in several other Variscan basement units of the Alps, interpreted to have formed in a peri-Gondwanan active-margin or island-arc setting.
Perovskite, reaction product of a harzburgite with Jurassic– Cretaceous accretionary wedge fluids (Western Carpathians, Slovakia): evidence from the whole-rock and mineral trace element data
Authors: Putiš Marián , Yang Yue-Heng , Vaculovič Tomáš , Koppa Matúš , Li Xian-Hua , Uher Pavel 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Perovskite (Prv) was discovered in an abyssal harzburgite from a “mélange” type blueschist-bearing accretionary wedge of the Western Carpathians (Meliata Unit, Slovakia). Perovskite-1 formation in serpentinized orthopyroxene may be simplified by the mass-balance reaction: Ca2Si2O6 (Ca-pyroxene-member)+2Fe2TiO4 (ulvöspinel molecule in spinel)+2H2O+O2=2CaTiO3 (Prv)+2SiO2+4FeOOH (goethite). Perovskite-2 occurs in a chlorite-rich blackwall zone separating serpentinite and rodingite veins, and in rodingite veins alone. The bulk-rock trace-element patterns suggest negligible differences from visually and microscopically less (“core”) to strongly serpentinized harzburgite due to serpentinization and rodingitization: an enrichment in LREE(La,Ce), Cs, ±Ba, U, Nb, Pb, As, Sb, ±Nd and Li in comparison with HREE, Rb and Sr. The U/Pb perovskite ages at ~135 Ma are interpreted to record the interaction of metamorphic fluids with harzburgite blocks in the Neotethyan Meliatic accretionary wedge. Our LA-ICP-MS mineral study provides a complex view on trace element behaviour during the two stages of rodingitization connected with Prv genesis. The positive anomalies of Cs, U, Ta, Pb, As, Sb, Pr and Nd in Cpx, Opx and Ol are combined with the negative anomalies of Rb, Ba, Th, Nb and Sr in these minerals. The similar positive anomalies of Cs, U, Ta, ±Be, As, Sb found in typical serpentinization and rodingitization minerals, with variable contents of La, Ce and Nd, and negative anomalies of Rb, Ba, Th, Nb and Sr suggest involvement of crustal fluids during MP-LP/LT accretionary wedge metamorphism. LA-ICP-MS study revealed strong depletion in LREE from Prv-1 to Prv-2, and a typically negative Eu (and Ti) anomaly for Prv-1, while a positive Eu (and Ti) anomaly for Prv-2. Our multi-element diagram depicts enrichment in U, Nb, La, Ce, As, Sb, Pr, Nd and decreased Rb, Ba, Th, Ta, Pb, Sr, Zr in both Prv generations. In general, both Prv generations are very close to the end-member composition. In spite of low concentrations of isomorphic constituents, Prv-1 and Prv-2 display the A(La,Ce)3++B(Fe,Cr)3+=ACa2++BTi4+ heterovalent couple substitution. A decrease of ferric iron in Prv-2 indicates increasing reduction conditions during rodingitization.
The Upper Cretaceous Ostravice Sandstone in the Polish sector of the Silesian Nappe, Outer Western Carpathians
Authors: Cieszkowski Marek , Waśkowska Anna , Kowal-Kasprzyk Justyna , Golonka Jan , Słomka Tadeusz , Ślączka Andrzej , Wójcik-Tabol Patrycja , Chodyń Rafał 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe Ostravice Sandstone Member was identified and described as a lithostratigraphic unit in the Polish part of the Outer Carpathians. This division occurs in the lowermost part of the Godula Formation, is underlain by variegated deposits of the Mazák Formation or directly by the Barnasiówka and Lhoty formations, and overlain by the Czernichów Member of the Godula Formation. Domination by thick- and very thick-bedded sandstones, conglomeratic sandstones and conglomerates rich in calcareous clasts, mostly of the Štramberk-type limestones, is typical for the Ostravice Sandstone Member. These deposits are widespread between the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mountains in the Czech Republic and the Ciężkowice Foothills in Poland. The documentation of the Ostravice Sandstone Member occurrence as well as the petrological, sedimentological features, and inventory of the carbonate clasts are presented here.
Testing of multidimensional tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams on fresh and altered rocks
Authors: Rivera-Gómez M. Abdelaly , Verma Surendra P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe evaluated 55 multidimensional diagrams proposed during 2004-2013 for the tectonic discrimination of ultrabasic, basic, intermediate, and acid magmas. The Miocene to Recent rock samples for testing the diagrams had not been used for constructing them. Eighteen test studies (2 from ocean island; 2 from ocean island/continental rift; 6 from continental rift; 4 from continental arc; 2 from island arc; 1 from mid-ocean ridge, and 1 from collision) of relatively fresh rocks fully confirmed the satisfactory functioning of these diagrams for all tectonic fields for which they were proposed. Eight additional case studies on hydrothermally altered or moderately to highly weathered rocks were also presented to achieve further understanding of the functioning of these diagrams. For these rocks as well, the diagrams indicated the expected tectonic setting. We also show that for testing or using these diagrams the freely-available geochemistry databases should be used with caution but certainly after ascertaining the correct magma types to select the appropriate diagram sets. The results encourage us to recommend these diagrams for deciphering the tectonic setting of older terranes or areas with complex or transitional tectonic settings.
Tetraspanin 8 is an interactor of the metalloprotease meprin β within tetraspanin-enriched microdomains
Authors: Schmidt Frederike , Müller Miryam , Prox Johannes , Arnold Philipp , Schönherr Caroline , Tredup Claudia , Minder Petra , Ebsen Henriette , Janssen Ottmar , Annaert Wim , Pietrzik Claus , Schmidt-Arras Dirk , Sterchi Erwin E. , Becker-Pauly Christoph 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Meprin β is a dimeric type I transmembrane protein and acts as an ectodomain sheddase at the cell surface. It has been shown that meprin β cleaves the amyloid precursor protein (APP), thereby releasing neurotoxic amyloid β peptides and implicating a role of meprin β in Alzheimer’s disease. In order to identify non-proteolytic regulators of meprin β, we performed a split ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid screen using a small intestinal cDNA library. In this screen we identified tetraspanin 8 (TSPAN8) as interaction partner for meprin β. As several members of the tetraspanin family were described to interact with metalloproteases thereby affecting their localization and/or activity, we hypothesized similar functions of TSPAN8 in the regulation of meprin β. We employed cell biological methods to confirm direct binding of TSPAN8 to meprin β. Surprisingly, we did not observe an effect of TSPAN8 on the catalytic activity of meprin β nor on the specific cleavage of its substrate APP. However, both proteins were identified as present in tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. Therefore we hypothesize that TSPAN8 might be important for the orchestration of meprin β at the cell surface with impact on certain proteolytic processes that have to be further identified.
Photodegradation Efficiencies in a Photo-CREC Water-II Reactor Using Several TiO2 Based Catalysts
Authors: Rosales Benito Serrano , Moreira del Rio Jesus , Guayaquil Jesus Fabricio , de Lasa Hugo 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This study reports phenol degradation using several TiO2 photocatalysts (DP25, Anatase 1, Hombikat UV-100, Anatase 2) in a Photo-CREC Water-II Reactor. The physicochemical properties of the photocatalysts used, such as crystallinity, superficial area, and pore size distribution are reported. Reactor efficiencies are calculated using both Quantum Yields (QYs) and Photochemical and Thermodynamic Efficiency Factors (PTEFs). This is accomplished using phenol and phenol intermediate photoconversion rates. This allows the determination of hydroxyl radical consumption rates, at every step of the photodegradation process. With these data, and with the absorbed photon rates, energy efficiencies are calculated. It is shown that for the best performing photo catalysts the maximum QYs reach 50 % levels. These favourable photoconversion efficiencies confirm the critical importance of having available highly performing photocatalysts and photoreactors, such is the case of Photo-CREC Water-II Reactor unit.
Cosmic ray (neutron) activity and air pollution nanoparticles – cardiovascular disease risk factors – separate or together?
Authors: Stoupel Eliyahu G. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Background:
In the last decade, a number of studies were published showing links between cardiovascular events such as stroke (CVA), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), sudden cardiac death (SCD) and cosmic ray activity (CRA) marker neutron activity on the Earth’s surface (imp/min). A number of concomitant studies described air pollution fine particles as a similar risk factor. It is not clear which way each of the mentioned factors acts on the way of affecting the human body. The aim of this study is to present separate data of these two factors as risk factors and to discuss the possibility of seeing the nanoparticles polluting our air as carriers of neutrons on their way to the human cardiovascular system.

Methods:
Many studies of our groups and groups studying air pollution effects were revised, and the possibility of combined action of both factors was considered.

Results:
It is known that neutrons on the Earth surface are the markers of CRA. CRA is inversely related to space weather parameters such as solar (SA) and geomagnetic activity. The presumed way of biological action of neutrons is connection with H+ and, as protons, attack on our cells and tissues. The way of action of nanoparticles is explained by specific physical and chemical action of the materials they represent. It is a strong possibility that one way to connect H radicals in the human body is that particles are neutron carriers and can be absorbed in different parts of the body and then affect the systems of human body.

Conclusions:
The combined action of CRA (neutron) activity is a possible way of affecting the environment. The precise mechanism of this cooperative action demands additional studies.