bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The importance of histopathological diagnosis in assessing the impact on the prognosis of White Spot Disease in cultures of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)
Authors: Santos Pedro Anderson de Paiva dos , Giesta Luana Bortolini , Oliveira Fernando Pablo Silva , Pedrosa Virgínia Fonseca , Romano Luis Alberto 
Published: October 2024

Aquaculture is a globally relevant sector in terms of production and income. When we think about shrimp farming, Penaeus vannamei, the Pacific white shrimp, has been instrumental in this growth due to its characteristics and advances in production. Despite achievements, it faces significant economic challenges due to the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), causing considerable losses. This virus has led to significant economic losses, affecting economies such as Ecuador's. The clinical signs of WSSV require rigorous diagnostic procedures, combining histopathological examination and PCR assays. A retrospective study of 900 specimens of Penaeus vannamei in Ecuador highlights the correlation between tissue pathology and mortality rates, enhancing understanding of the direct impact of the disease. Histopathological analysis reveals distinctive intracellular viral inclusions, reflecting disease progression. Although PCR assays provide definitive diagnoses, histopathological evaluation enriches understanding of lesion severity, supporting a comprehensive approach to disease management strategies.
Hubungan Pelaksanaan Senam Nifas terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Perineum pada Ibu Nifas
Authors: Novita  , Sukmawati  
Published: October 2024

Persalinan sering mengakibatkan robekan jalan lahir, robekan tersebut terjadi hampir pada semua persalinan pertama kali dan tidak jarang pada persalinan berikutnya (Mochtar, 2012). Robekan ini disebabkan laserasi spontan pada vagina atau perineum saat bayi di lahirkan (terutama saat kelahiran kepala dan bahu) atau pada tindakan episiotomi untuk mempercepat kelahiran bayi bila didapatkan gawat janin, penyulit kelahiran pervaginam (sungsang, distosia bahu, ekstarksi forceps, ekstraksi vacum), jaringan parut pada perineum atau vagina yang memperlambat kemajuan persalinan (Sarwono, 2012). Untuk mengetahui hubungan pelaksanaan senam nifas terhadap penyembuhan luka perineum pada ibu nifas di Puskesmas Sriamur tahun 2016. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu nifas dengan persalinan normal di Puskesmas Sriamur Bekasi tahun 2018 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 90 orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis univariat didapatkan sebagian besar responden dengan penyembuhan luka perineum cepat 63,3% dan mengikuti senam nifas sebanyak 61,1%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara pelaksanaan senam nifas terhadap penyembuhan luka perineum pada ibu nifas dengan nilai p value 0,001.
Hubungan Media Sosial TikTok Terhadap Konsentrasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Aini Qurratul 
Published: October 2024

Fenomena tingginya intensitas penggunaan media sosial TikTok berdampak pada konsentrasi belajar siswa. Dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan yaitu dapat mengakibatkan kurangnya sosialisasi dengan lingkungan sekitar, kurangnya konsentrasi dalam proses belajar, dan dapat menyebarkan berita hoax. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan media sosial TikTok terhadap konsentrasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan korelasional.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dua angket yaitu angket media sosial TikTok dengan nilai reliabilitas sebesar 0,91 dan angket konsentrasi belajar dengan nilai reliabilitas sebesar 0,81. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 100 orang dan sampelnya berjumlah 30 orang, dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji regresi linear dengan bantuan SPSS versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai F= 9,85 dengan signifikansi0,05 bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif antara media sosial TikTok dengan konsentrasi belajar di MA NWDI Lepak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi penggunaan media sosial TikTok, maka semakin rendah konsentrasi belajar siswa. Sebaliknya semakin rendah penggunaan media sosial TikTok, maka semakin tinggi konsentrasi belajar siswa.
LoVoCCS. II. Weak Lensing Mass Distributions, Red-sequence Galaxy Distributions, and Their Alignment with the Brightest Cluster Galaxy in 58 Nearby X-Ray-luminous Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Fu Shenming , Dell’Antonio Ian , Escalante Zacharias , Nelson Jessica , Englert Anthony , Helhoski Søren , Shinde Rahul , Brockland Julia , LaDuca Philip , Larkin Christelyn , Paris Lucca , Weiner Shane , Black William K. , Chary Ranga-Ram , Clowe Douglas , Cooper M. C. , Donahue Megan , Evrard August , Lacy Mark , Lauer Tod , Liu Binyang , McCleary Jacqueline , Meneghetti Massimo , Miyatake Hironao , Montes Mireia , Natarajan Priyamvada , Ntampaka Michelle , Pierpaoli Elena , Postman Marc , Sohn Jubee , Turner David , Umetsu Keiichi , Utsumi Yousuke , Wilson Gillian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Local Volume Complete Cluster Survey is an ongoing program to observe nearly a hundred low-redshift X-ray-luminous galaxy clusters (redshifts 0.03 < z < 0.12 and X-ray luminosities in the 0.1–2.4 keV band L
X500c > 1044 erg s−1) with the Dark Energy Camera, capturing data in the u, g, r, i, z bands with a 5σ point source depth of approximately 25th–26th AB magnitudes. Here, we map the aperture masses in 58 galaxy cluster fields using weak gravitational lensing. These clusters span a variety of dynamical states, from nearly relaxed to merging systems, and approximately half of them have not been subject to detailed weak lensing analysis before. In each cluster field, we analyze the alignment between the 2D mass distribution described by the aperture mass map, the 2D red-sequence (RS) galaxy distribution, and the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG). We find that the orientations of the BCG and the RS distribution are strongly aligned throughout the interiors of the clusters: the median misalignment angle is 19° within 2 Mpc. We also observe the alignment between the orientations of the RS distribution and the overall cluster mass distribution (by a median difference of 32° within 1 Mpc), although this is constrained by galaxy shape noise and the limitations of our cluster sample size. These types of alignment suggest long-term dynamical evolution within the clusters over cosmic timescales.
Mira Variables Based on Emission Lines in LAMOST DR9
Authors: Qu Cai-Xia , Luo A-Li , Du Bing , Ma Shu-Guo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present a sample of 335 Mira variables, extracted from DR9 of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) survey. These variables are characterized by the Balmer emissions (Hδ, Hγ, Hβ, and Hα) and the metal emissions (Fe i
λ
λ 4202, 4308, 4376, and Mg i
λ4571) observed in M giant spectra. We distinguished oxygen-rich stars from carbon-rich stars through the identification of carbon molecular bands present in the optical spectra. For the oxygen-rich stars we examined multiple attributes, such as the link between line strength and bolometric luminosity, and the connection between atmospheric parameters and their periods. We observed that Fe i
λ
λ 4202, 4308 showed a significantly gradual progression, which can be postulated to trace the fluorescent emission resulting from pulsation shocks. Regarding the correlation between T
eff and the period, T
eff remains relatively constant over varying periods, with no clear trend, while both log g and [Fe/H] show a decreasing trend within a period range of 450 days, and this decreasing of the log g trend is consistent with the results in the literature. To shed more light on the variations of Balmer lines, we showcase time-series spectra for two objects, demonstrating that the Balmer lines reach their peak intensity during the brightest phase of the stellar cycle.
Electron Shock Drift Acceleration at a Low-Mach-number, Low-plasma-beta Quasi-perpendicular Shock
Authors: Guo Ao , Lu Quanming , Lu San , Yang Zhongwei , Gao Xinliang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Shock drift acceleration (SDA) plays an important role in generating high-energy electrons at quasi-perpendicular shocks, but its efficiency in low-beta plasmas is questionable. In this article, we perform a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation of a low-Mach-number, low-plasma-beta quasi-perpendicular shock, and find that the electron cyclotron drift instability is unstable at the leading edge of the shock foot, which is excited by the relative drift between the shock-reflected ions and the incident electrons. The electrostatic waves triggered by the electron cyclotron drift instability can scatter and heat the incident electrons, which facilitates their escape from the shock’s loss cone. These electrons are then reflected by the shock and energized by SDA. In this way, the acceleration efficiency of SDA at low-plasma-beta quasi-perpendicular shocks is highly enhanced.
Nightside Clouds on Tidally Locked Terrestrial Planets Mimic Atmosphere-free Scenarios
Authors: Powell Diana , Wordsworth Robin , Öberg Karin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We investigate the impact of nightside cloud formation on the observable day/night contrast of tidally locked terrestrial planet atmospheres. We demonstrate that, in the case where the planetary dayside is only 10 s of Kelvin hotter than the planetary nightside, the presence of optically thick nightside clouds can lead to observations that mimic a planet without an atmosphere, despite the planet actually hosting a significant (10 bar) atmosphere. The scenario presented in this work requires a level of intrinsic atmospheric day/night temperature contrast such that the nightside can form clouds while the dayside is too hot for cloud formation to occur. This scenario is most likely for hotter terrestrials and terrestrials with low volatile inventories. We thus note that a substantial dayside/nightside temperature difference alone does not robustly indicate that a planet does not host an atmosphere, and additional observations and modeling are essential for characterization. We further discuss several avenues for future study to improve our understanding of the terrestrial planets and how best to characterize them with JWST.
Unscrambling the Eggs: Automated Data Extraction from Structured Record Cards
Authors: Salili-James Arianna , Scott Ben , Russell Douglas , Norris Ken , Poon Sanson , Smith Vincent 
Published: October 2024

The Natural History Museum in the UK (NHM) is home to more than 80 million objects spanning 4.5 billion years of history. Each of these contain a wealth of data, whether on specimen labels, index cards, registers and/or diaries. Transcribing and categorising this information can help unlock crucial research potential. To do this at scale, we turn to computer vision (CV) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques to automate this work.
Over a million of the museum’s specimens are ornithological, including one of the largest and most comprehensive egg collections in the world. Representing 52% of known bird species, with over 300,000 clutches (where a clutch defines the total group of eggs laid in a nest), collected over the last 200 years, arguably make this the most important archive of avian environmental change data in existence(Norris et al. 2023). The eggs were historically catalogued using index cards, containing key information such as identification, collection date, locality and clutch size. A proportion of these egg cards have now been imaged and this led to the start of this project, focusing on a sample of 15,000 photographed egg cards (example seen in Fig. 1).
Our initial approach used Google Vision to perform Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to transcribe all text with the egg cards. By focusing on textboxes around key terms (e.g., “Collector”), and using CV tools, we approximated boxes around every key category. Finally, each text segment was associated to a category box, followed by minor post-processing in order to extract (i.e., transcribe and categorise) the data. Here we successfully extracted the data within the sample, with a 98.6% average accuracy. Although our methods worked well for our sample, they did rely on consistency within the structures of cards.
To expand the project further, and to mitigate the reliance on consistent structures within cards, we turned to Large Language Models (LLMs). This allowed us to explore automatic data extraction from different types of cards and labels, despite variation in the card structure, and even handle unknown categories of text. Consequently, the scope of the data collected was widened, such as adding ornithological specimen data (e.g., skins), as well as external datasets through collaboration with the British Trust for Ornithology, who manage the Nest Record Scheme (Crick et al. 2003), which holds decades of vital information on the progress of monitored nests in the UK.
This index-card data-extraction project is just the beginning. As we expand our data extraction capabilities, our aim is to develop a novel pipeline that can be applied not just to avifauna-related cards, but any structured textual data, with the potential to unlock invaluable insights.
Factors linked to virological failure in people on a dolutegravir-based regimen in Mamelodi
Authors: Mmatsoku Moloko S. , Ngcobo Sanele 
Published: October 2024

Background: Since 2019, the World Health Organization has recommended dolutegravir-containing regimens for HIV in low- and middle-income countries because of its high genetic barriers to resistance, lower drug interactions, fewer side effects, higher viral load (VL) suppression rates and cost-effectiveness compared to efavirenz.Objectives: This study investigates factors associated with unsuppressed VLs in people living with HIV on tenofovir-lamivudine and dolutegravir (TLD) in South Africa (SA).Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2023 and February 2024 at Mamelodi Regional Hospital’s Ntshembo Clinic. Participants were people living with HIV aged 18 years and older, more than 6 months on TLD, with either suppressed (≤ 50 copies/mL) or unsuppressed ( 50 copies/mL) VLs.Results: Significant associations were found between unsuppressed VL and factors such as sex, marital status, occupation and education level. Male participants were less likely to achieve VL suppression than female participants (odds ratio: 0.45, p = 0.0007). Poor antiretroviral therapy adherence was linked to higher unsuppressed VL (p 0.05). Newly initiated patients had significantly lower suppression rates (p 0.05). The use of traditional or herbal and religious products was also linked to unsuppressed VL (p 0.05).Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of addressing adherence factors to improve VL suppression rates among people living with HIV on TLD.Contribution: Tailored interventions targeting adherence, especially among newly initiated patients, and addressing the use of traditional or herbal and religious products are warranted to enhance treatment outcomes.
Assessment of Clinical and Functional Outcomes of the Proximal Humerus Internal Locking Compression Plate in Different Neer’s Types of Proximal Humeral Fracture: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Kugashiya Mayur , Pipal Rajendra Kumar , Sojitra Rajkumar P. , Shah Jay Viraj , Pipal Dharmendra Kumar , Yadav Seema 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Over the years, various fixation methods have been developed for managing unstable proximal humerus fractures (PHFs), including conservative and surgical approaches like tension band wiring, suture fixation, intramedullary nailing, hemiarthroplasty, fixed-angled locking plates, and proximal humerus internal locking system (PHILOS) plating. Each method claims superior effectiveness as a fixation device.

Aims:
The study evaluated the functional outcome of the PHILOS in different parts of the PHF using the Constant–Murley score (CMS), which measures post-operative pain, daily activity ability, limb range of motion (ROM), and strength.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational study of 50 participants aged 16 years and above at Rajasthan Hospitals in Ahmedabad, conducted from July 2020 to July 2022, examined the use of the PHILOS for PHF treatment.

Results:
The results revealed that two-part fractures had a significantly higher mean CMS (72.4 ± 10.8) compared with three-part (60.8 ± 8.1) and four-part (59.3 ± 5.3) fractures. The P value of 0.0003 indicated that the difference in CMS score between two and three or four parts of PHF after fixing them with PHILOS was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that using a locking plate for PHFs consistently leads to positive clinical and functional outcomes, including improved CMS, daily living activities, and ROM.
Diagnostic accuracy of subclavian vein versus inferior vena cava collapsibility index for predicting postinduction hypotension: An observational study
Authors: Chaudhary Gaurav , Mohammed Sadik , Biyani Ghansham , Chhabra Swati , Bhatia Pradeep K. , Kamal Manoj , Kumar Rakesh , Kumari Kamlesh 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Hypotension following induction of general anesthesia (GA) is commonly observed. Ultrasound (US) measurement of collapsibility index (CI) of the inferior vena cava (IVC) for predicting postinduction hypotension has been studied. As there is limited data available comparing the diagnostic accuracy of subclavian vein (SCV) versus IVC-CI, we performed this observational study.

Methods:
A total of 132 adult patients scheduled for elective surgery under GA were enrolled. US measurements of three readings of maximum and minimum diameters of SCV and IVC were recorded during both quiet and deep breathing, and the mean of three values was calculated. CI was derived using the formula: (dmax – dmin) × 100/dmax. Subsequently, GA was administered using standard technique, irrespective of the findings of SCV and IVC measurements. The administered drugs and dosage were recorded. Hemodynamic parameters were collected at baseline and then at every minute for the first 20 min. The primary objective was to compare the diagnostic accuracies of SCV-CI and IVC-CI for prediction of postinduction hypotension during quiet breathing. The secondary objectives were to compare the diagnostic accuracies during deep breathing and find the correlation between IVC-CI and SC-CI during quiet and deep breathing, incidence of hypotension, and time required to acquire US images.

Results:
Fifty-seven patients developed postinduction hypotension. During quiet breathing, SCV-CI ≥10% had a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 56% (area under curve [AUC] [95% confidence interval {CI}] of 0.659 [0.56–0.75]; P = 0.002), while IVC-CI ≥34% had a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 59% (AUC [95% CI] of 0.672 [0.58–0.76]; P = 0.001) for prediction of postinduction hypotension. During deep breathing, both SCV-CI and IVC-CI had moderate accuracy (P = 0.001 for both). Pearson’s correlation showed a significant positive correlation between SCV-CI and IVC-CI with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.313 during quiet breathing and 0.379 during deep breathing (P < 0.001). The time required for acquiring US images was significantly less for SCV compared to IVC during both quiet and deep breathing (P < 0.001 for both).

Conclusion:
Both SCV-CI and IVC-CI were found to have good and comparable diagnostic accuracy for the prediction of postinduction hypotension. We also found a significant positive correlation between SCV-CI and IVC-CI. In comparison to IVC, US scanning of SCV took lesser time to acquire the images.
Risk factors and characteristics of intraoperative pressure injuries caused by medical devices and adhesives: A case-control retrospective study
Authors: Altamimi Abdulrhman M. , Mortada Hatan , Alqarni Adel A. , Alsubaie Ali A. , Alsafar Reem J. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Undesirable injuries during the intraoperative period, such as pressure injuries caused by improper positioning, medical devices, or adhesive tapes, can lead to patient harm and decreased satisfaction. This study aims to identify the risk factors of pressure injuries during the intraoperative period and the characteristics of these injuries.

Methods:
A retrospective case-control study was conducted at King Khaled University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from the hospital incident reporting system and electronic medical records for incidents reported from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. Inclusion criteria consisted of all patients with a reported pressure injury, including pressure ulcers, medical adhesive-related skin injuries, or medical device-related pressure injuries, occurring at least once during surgery.

Results:
Among the 113 patients, 57 (50.44%) had intraoperative pressure injuries (cases), while 56 (49.56%) did not (controls). The most common locations for pressure injuries were the lips (33.33%). Most of these injuries were classified as Medical Adhesive-Related Skin Injury (61.40%). Stage 1 injuries were observed in 47 cases (82.46%), while Stage 2 injuries were observed in 10 cases (17.54%). Duration of surgery and device tightness were identified as significant risk factors (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
This case-control study identified the duration of surgery and device tightness as significant risk factors for intraoperative pressure injuries. The findings emphasize the importance of implementing evidence-based prevention strategies. Healthcare professionals should prioritize staff education and training, while future research should focus on conducting prospective, multicenter studies and developing risk assessment tools and innovative medical devices.
Success rate and outcome of labor epidural among variable levels of residents and practicing anesthesiologists in an academic medical center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Farsi Sara H. 
Published: October 2024

Background and Aims:
This study aimed to highlight differences in success rates and patient outcomes during epidural insertion among anesthesia staff, junior trainees, and staff anesthesiologists.

Methods:
We included all women who received a labor epidural between January 1, 2020 and April 30, 2022. The cases were divided into three groups: junior residents, senior residents, and staff anesthesiologists.

Results:
Among 822 cases included in analysis, 92, 240, and 490 catheters were placed by junior residents, senior residents, and staff anesthesiologists, respectively. Although the success rate among junior residents (90.7%) was lower than those of senior residents (97%) and staff anesthesiologists (95.1%), the difference was not significant (P = 0.067). The mean procedural time in minutes was significantly longer in the junior resident’s group (18.1 min) compared to the senior residents (14.18 min) and staff anesthesiologists (14.87 min) (P < 0.001). A significant difference was observed in the number of needle pricks and catheter insertion attempts when comparing the junior residents, senior residents, and staff anesthesiologists’ groups (P < 0.001). In the logistic regression analysis, procedural time remained the only predictor of epidural success.

Conclusions:
With the success rate above 90%, junior anesthesia trainees require more time and attempts to insert labor epidurals. It is essential that training programs provide opportunities for anesthesia trainees to become proficient in their epidural insertion techniques prior to clinical practice.