bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISE GEOMÉTRICA DE DOIS GRAUS DE LIBERDADE DE UM DISPOSITIVO CONVERSOR DE ENERGIA DAS ONDAS DO TIPO COLUNA DE ÁGUA OSCILANTE NA FORMA TRAPEZOIDAL
Authors: Gomes Mateus Das Neves , Cassel Leandro Ferres , Dos Santos Elizaldo Domingues , Isoldi Liércio André , Rocha Luiz Alberto Oliveira 
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo numérico bidimensional sobre a análise da geometria na forma trapezoidal de um dispositivo conversor de energia das ondas do mar em energia elétrica. O princípio de funcionamento é o de coluna de água oscilante (CAO). O objetivo é maximizar a potência hidropneumática absorvida pelo dispositivo quando submetido a um clima de ondas real. É empregado Design Construtal para analisar dois graus de liberdade: β que é o ângulo formado pela parede frontal do dispositivo CAO com a superfície livre (ângulo da base do trapézio) enquanto o outro grau de liberdade e H3 que é a profundidade de submersão do dispositivo. A relação H2/l, (razão entre altura e comprimento da chaminé de saída da câmara CAO) é mantida constante. As restrições do problema são a área de entrada e a área total da câmara CAO que são mantidas constantes. Para a solução numérica é empregado um código de dinâmica dos fluidos computacional, FLUENT®, baseado no Método de Volumes Finitos (MVF). O modelo multifásico Volume of Fluid (VOF) é aplicado no tratamento da interação água-ar. Foi possível verificar a influência dos dois graus de liberdade analisados no aproveitamento da energia da onda incidente, o melhor desempenho foi obtido quando β = 30o e H3 = 9,50 m, por outro lado o pior desempenho ocorre quando β = 80o e H3 = 10,25 m. Isso representa um em termos de potência hidropneumática um acréscimo de cerca de sete vezes no desempenho do dispositivo.Palavras-Chave: Coluna de água Oscilante, Forma trapezoidal, Modelo multifásico.
Remote Sensing, Gis and Cellular Automata for Urban Growth Simulation
Authors: Al-Ageili Munira , Mouhoub Malek , Piwowar Joseph 
Published: October 2017

Cities are complex spatial systems and modeling their dynamics of growth using traditional modeling techniques is a challenging task. Cellular automata (CA) have been widely used for modeling urban growth because of their computational simplicity, their explicit representation of time and space and their ability to generate complex patterns from the interaction of simple components of the system using simple rules. Integrating GIS tools and remote sensing data with CA has the potential to provide realistic simulation of the future urban growth of cities. The proposed approach is applied to model the growth of the City of Montreal. Land use/land cover maps derived from Landsat data acquired in 1975 and 1990 were used to train a CA model which was then used to project the land use in 2005. A comparison of the projected and actual land uses for 2005 is presented and discussed.
Quand manger des fruits et légumes difformes contribue au bien-être alimentaire : analyse d’un oxymore par les valeurs
Authors: Debucquet Gervaise , Lombart Cindy 
Published: October 2017

Cette recherche s’interroge sur l’apport des valeurs culturelles et individuelles, mises en évidence par Schwartz (1999, 2006), à la compréhension du bien-être alimentaire en lien avec l’esthétique des aliments. Une étude qualitative menée auprès de 30 individus a identifié deux profils de consommateurs, les « terriens/enracinés » et les « pragmatiques/déracinés », opposés par leurs conceptions du bien-être individuel en lien avec les fruits et légumes difformes. Ceux-ci réactivent chez les premiers les valeurs positives associées à la singularité naturelle et humaine mais génèrent une dissonance chez les seconds, davantage conditionnés par le calibrage de l’offre. La contribution au bien-être social doit également être nuancée selon les profils.
Le mythe de Venise au XVIIe siècle. Perspectives de recherche en littérature française
Authors: Van Hamme Clément 
Published: October 2017

La République de Venise s’est efforcée, du XVe siècle jusqu’à sa chute, de charger sa puissance politique et commerciale d’une double justification, politique et religieuse. En se servant des légendes orales qui circulaient depuis sa fondation, et en mettant en place une interprétation officielle de sa propre histoire, elle a fabriqué un mythe théologico-politique dont elle est le héros. Au tournant des XVIe et XVIIe siècles, alors que ce mythe atteint l’apogée de son influence chez le plus grand nombre des penseurs politiques européens, des contestations apparaissent, encouragées par les mutations de la méthode historique. Est-ce à dire que le mythe de Venise vit ses dernières heures ? Cet article se propose d’interroger la présence de traces du mythe politique vénitien chez les intellectuels français du XVIIe siècle. Ceux-ci, certes acquis à la lutte de Venise contre les abus politiques de la papauté depuis l’affaire de l’Interdit vénitien de 1606, prirent néanmoins part à un certain renouvellement méthodologique de l’écriture de l’histoire.
Public space in the Soviet city: A spatial perspective on mass protests in Minsk
Authors: Hansen Arve 
Published: October 2017

In many capitals, the central public square is the place where people go en masse when they wish to voice their discontent. The squares used for such collective actions are diverse. Each square has its unique combination of symbols and history; they are used in different ways by the public; and they often have distinct physical characteristics. Yet, in social sciences, when determining what makes collective actions successful, space is often overlooked.In this article, I present an approach for analysing public space in relation to mass protests. I then apply this approach to the Belarusian capital Minsk, where virtually no protests have been successful during the post-Soviet period. In what ways are mass protests in Minsk affected by the perceived (symbolic), social and physical elements of the city’s public spaces? I examine the centre of Minsk in general, and analyse two central squares in particular. The article is based mainly on qualitative, semi-structured interviews with protesters, observers and opposition leaders; research literature; and on my own fieldwork and experiences from living in Minsk.I conclude that space is contributing to the difficulties facing the Belarusian opposition in several ways. 1) The perceived elements of Minsk and the two main squares do not have a preferable symbolic value to the opposition. 2) The social elements of the city show that the political centre is avoided by the public, thus making protests less noticeable. 3) This latter point is important, given that the physical elements of the squares makes policing particularly easy and swift. The physical elements of the squares also limit the protesters’ communication, movement and flexibility. I argue that a spatial perspective should be included in research on collective actions.
Estrogen receptor mutations and splice variants determined in liquid biopsies from metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: Beije Nick , Sieuwerts Anieta M. , Kraan Jaco , Van Ngoc M. , Onstenk Wendy , Vitale Silvia R. , van der Vlugt‐Daane Michelle , Dirix Luc Y. , Brouwer Anja , Hamberg Paul , de Jongh Felix E. , Jager Agnes , Seynaeve Caroline M. , Jansen Maurice P. H. M. , Foekens John A. , Martens John W. M. , Sleijfer Stefan 
Published: October 2017

Mutations and splice variants in the estrogen receptor (ER) gene, ESR1, may yield endocrine resistance in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. These putative endocrine resistance markers are likely to emerge during treatment, and therefore, its detection in liquid biopsies, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell‐free DNA (cfDNA), is of great interest. This research aimed to determine whether ESR1 mutations and splice variants occur more frequently in CTCs of MBC patients progressing on endocrine treatment. In addition, the presence of ESR1 mutations was evaluated in matched cfDNA and compared to CTCs. CellSearch‐enriched CTC fractions (≥5/7.5 mL) of two MBC cohorts were evaluated, namely (a) patients starting first‐line endocrine therapy (n = 43, baseline cohort) and (b) patients progressing on any line of endocrine therapy (n = 40, progressing cohort). ESR1 hotspot mutations (D538G and Y537S/N/C) were evaluated in CTC‐enriched DNA using digital PCR and compared with matched cfDNA (n = 18 baseline cohort; n = 26 progressing cohort). Expression of ESR1 full‐length and 4 of its splice variants (∆5, ∆7, 36 kDa, and 46 kDa) was evaluated in CTC‐enriched mRNA. It was observed that in the CTCs, the ESR1 mutations were not enriched in the progressing cohort (8%), when compared with the baseline cohort (5%) (P = 0.66). In the cfDNA, however, ESR1 mutations were more prevalent in the progressing cohort (42%) than in the baseline cohort (11%) (P = 0.04). Three of the same mutations were observed in both CTCs and cfDNA, 1 mutation in CTCs only, and 11 in cfDNA only. Only the ∆5 ESR1 splice variant was CTC‐specific expressed, but was not enriched in the progressing cohort. In conclusion, sensitivity for detecting ESR1 mutations in CTC‐enriched fractions was lower than for cfDNA. ESR1 mutations detected in cfDNA, rarely present at the start of first‐line endocrine therapy, were enriched at progression, strongly suggesting a role in conferring endocrine resistance in MBC.
Oceanic Residual Topography Agrees With Mantle Flow Predictions at Long Wavelengths
Authors: Yang Ting , Moresi Louis , Müller R. Dietmar , Gurnis Michael 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDynamic topography, the surface deflection induced by sublithosheric mantle flow, is an important prediction made by geodynamic models, but there is an apparent disparity between geodynamic model predictions and estimates of residual topography (total topography minus lithospheric and crustal contributions). We generate synthetic global topography fields with different power spectral slopes and spatial patterns to investigate how well the long‐wavelength (spherical degrees 1 to 3) components can be recovered from a discrete set of samples where residual topography has been recently estimated. An analysis of synthetic topography, along with observed geoid and gravity anomalies, demonstrates the reliability of signal recovery. Appropriate damping factors, which depend on the maximum degree in the spherical harmonic expansion that is used to fit the samples, must be applied to recover the long‐wavelength topography correctly; large damping factors smooth the model excessively and suppress residual topography amplitude and power spectra unrealistically. Recovered long‐wavelength residual topographies based on recent oceanic point‐wise estimates with different spherical expansion degrees agree with each other and with the predicted dynamic topography from mantle flow models. The peak amplitude of the long‐wavelength residual topography from oceanic observations is about 1 km, suggesting an important influence of large‐scale deep mantle flow.
The Influence of IMF Clock Angle on Dayside Flux Transfer Events at Mercury
Authors: Leyser Roger P. , Imber Suzanne M. , Milan Stephen E. , Slavin James A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAnalysis of MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) data has shown for the first time that the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) in the magnetosheath of Mercury plays a crucial role in the formation of flux transfer events (FTEs) at the dayside magnetopause. During the first 4 Hermean years of MESSENGER's orbit around Mercury, we have identified 805 FTEs using magnetometer data. Under conditions of near‐southward IMF, at least one FTE was detected on nearly 70% of passes through the magnetopause but the observation rate during northward IMF was less than 20%. FTEs were also observed preferentially in the prenoon sector.
Measuring the Elastic Modulus of Snow
Authors: Gerling B. , Löwe H. , van Herwijnen A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe elastic modulus is the most fundamental mechanical property of snow. However, literature values scatter by orders of magnitude and hitherto no cross‐validated measurements exists. To this end, we employ P wave propagation experiments under controlled laboratory conditions on decimeter‐sized snow specimen, prepared from artificial snow and subjected to isothermal sintering, to cover a considerable range of densities (170–370 kg m−3). The P wave modulus was estimated from wave propagation speeds in transverse isotropic media and compared to microstructure‐based finite element (FE) calculations from X‐ray tomography images. Heterogeneities and size differences between acoustic and FE sample volumes were characterized by SnowMicroPen measurements, yielding an elastic modulus as a by‐product. The moduli (10–340 MPa) from the acoustic and FE method are in very good agreement (R2=0.99) over the entire range of densities. A remaining bias (24 %) between both methods can be explained by layer heterogeneities which systematically reduce the estimates from the acoustic method.
Oxygen Minimum Zone Contrasts Between the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal Implied by Differences in Remineralization Depth
Authors: Al Azhar Muchamad , Lachkar Zouhair , Lévy Marina , Smith Shafer 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe combination of high primary productivity and weak ventilation in the Arabian Sea (AS) and Bay of Bengal (BoB) generates vast areas of depleted oxygen, known as oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). The AS OMZ is the world's thickest and hosts up to 40% of global denitrification. In contrast, the OMZ in the BoB is weaker and denitrification free. Using a series of model simulations, we show that the deeper remineralization depth (RD) in the BoB, potentially associated with organic matter aggregation with riverine mineral particles, contributes to weaken its OMZ. When the RD is set uniformly across both seas, the model fails to reproduce the observed contrast between the two OMZs, irrespective of the chosen RD. In contrast, when the RD is allowed to vary spatially, the contrasting distributions of oxygen and nitrate are correctly reproduced, and water column denitrification is simulated exclusively in the AS, in agreement with observations.
The 2016 Kaikōura Earthquake Revealed by Kinematic Source Inversion and Seismic Wavefield Simulations: Slow Rupture Propagation on a Geometrically Complex Crustal Fault Network
Authors: Holden C. , Kaneko Y. , D'Anastasio E. , Benites R. , Fry B. , Hamling I. J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe 2016 Kaikōura (New Zealand) earthquake generated large ground motions and resulted in multiple onshore and offshore fault ruptures, a profusion of triggered landslides, and a regional tsunami. Here we examine the rupture evolution using two kinematic modeling techniques based on analysis of local strong‐motion and high‐rate GPS data. Our kinematic models capture a complex pattern of slowly (Vr < 2 km/s) propagating rupture from south to north, with over half of the moment release occurring in the northern source region, mostly on the Kekerengu fault, 60 s after the origin time. Both models indicate rupture reactivation on the Kekerengu fault with the time separation of ~11 s between the start of the original failure and start of the subsequent one. We further conclude that most near‐source waveforms can be explained by slip on the crustal faults, with little (<8%) or no contribution from the subduction interface.
The Case Against an Early Lunar Dynamo Powered by Core Convection
Authors: Evans Alexander J. , Tikoo Sonia M. , Andrews‐Hanna Jeffrey C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPaleomagnetic analyses of lunar samples indicate that the Moon had a dynamo‐generated magnetic field with ~50 μT surface field intensities between 3.85 and 3.56 Ga followed by a period of much lower (≤ ~5 μT) intensities that persisted beyond 2.5 Ga. However, we determine herein that there is insufficient energy associated with core convection—the process commonly recognized to generate long‐lived magnetic fields in planetary bodies—to sustain a lunar dynamo for the duration and intensities indicated. We find that a lunar surface field of ≤1.9 μT could have persisted until 200 Ma, but the ~50 μT paleointensities recorded by lunar samples between 3.85 and 3.56 Ga could not have been sustained by a convective dynamo for more than 28 Myr. Thus, for a continuously operating, convective dynamo to be consistent with the early lunar paleomagnetic record, either an exotic mechanism or unknown energy source must be primarily responsible for the ancient lunar magnetic field.
Lower Ionosphere Sensitivity to Solar X‐ray Flares Over a Complete Solar Cycle Evaluated From VLF Signal Measurements
Authors: Macotela Edith L. , Raulin Jean‐Pierre , Manninen Jyrki , Correia Emília , Turunen Tauno , Magalhães Antonio 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe daytime lower ionosphere behaves as a solar X‐ray flare detector, which can be monitored using very low frequency (VLF) radio waves that propagate inside the Earth‐ionosphere waveguide. In this paper, we infer the lower ionosphere sensitivity variation over a complete solar cycle by using the minimum X‐ray fluence (FXmin) necessary to produce a disturbance of the quiescent ionospheric conductivity. FXmin is the photon energy flux integrated over the time interval from the start of a solar X‐ray flare to the beginning of the ionospheric disturbance recorded as amplitude deviation of the VLF signal. FXmin is computed for ionospheric disturbances that occurred in the time interval of December–January from 2007 to 2016 (solar cycle 24). The computation of FXmin uses the X‐ray flux in the wavelength band below 0.2 nm and the amplitude of VLF signals transmitted from France (HWU), Turkey (TBB), and U.S. (NAA), which were recorded in Brazil, Finland, and Peru. The main result of this study is that the long‐term variation of FXmin is correlated with the level of solar activity, having FXmin values in the range (1 − 12) × 10−7 J/m2. Our result suggests that FXmin is anticorrelated with the lower ionosphere sensitivity, confirming that the long‐term variation of the ionospheric sensitivity is anticorrelated with the level of solar activity. This result is important to identify the minimum X‐ray fluence that an external source of ionization must overcome in order to produce a measurable ionospheric disturbance during daytime.
Remote Linkages to Anomalous Winter Atmospheric Ridging Over the Northeastern Pacific
Authors: Swain Daniel L. , Singh Deepti , Horton Daniel E. , Mankin Justin S. , Ballard Tristan C. , Diffenbaugh Noah S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSevere drought in California between 2013 and 2016 has been linked to the multiyear persistence of anomalously high atmospheric pressure over the northeastern Pacific Ocean, which deflected the Pacific storm track northward and suppressed regional precipitation during California's winter “rainy season.” Multiple hypotheses have emerged regarding why this high pressure ridge near the west coast of North America was so resilient—including unusual sea surface temperature patterns in the Pacific Ocean, reductions in Arctic sea ice, random atmospheric variability, or some combination thereof. Here we explore relationships between previously documented atmospheric conditions over the North Pacific and several potential remote oceanic and cryospheric influences using both observational data and a large ensemble of climate model simulations. Our results suggest that persistent wintertime atmospheric ridging similar to that implicated in California's 2013–2016 drought can at least partially be linked to unusual Pacific sea surface temperatures and that Pacific Ocean conditions may offer some degree of cool‐season foresight in this region despite the presence of substantial internal variability.
Winds in the Middle Cloud Deck From the Near‐IR Imaging by the Venus Monitoring Camera Onboard Venus Express
Authors: Khatuntsev I. V. , Patsaeva M. V. , Titov D. V. , Ignatiev N. I. , Turin A. V. , Fedorova A. A. , Markiewicz W. J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFor more than 8 years the Venus Monitoring Camera (VMC) onboard the Venus Express orbiter performed continuous imaging of the Venus cloud layer in UV, visible and near‐IR filters. We applied the correlation approach to sequences of the near‐IR images at 965 nm to track cloud features and determine the wind field in the middle and lower cloud (49–57 km). From the VMC images that spanned from December of 2006 through August of 2013 we derived zonal and meridional components of the wind field. In low‐to‐middle latitudes (5–65°S) the velocity of the retrograde zonal wind was found to be 68–70 m/s. The meridional wind velocity slowly decreases from peak value of +5.8 ± 1.2 m/s at 15°S to 0 at 65–70°S. The mean meridional speed has a positive sign at 5–65°S suggesting equatorward flow. This result, together with the earlier measurements of the poleward flow at the cloud tops, indicates the presence of a closed Hadley cell in the altitude range 55–65 km. Long‐term variations of zonal and meridional velocity components were found during 1,200 Earth days of observation. At 20° ± 5°S the zonal wind speed increases from −67.18 ± 1.81 m/s to −77.30 ± 2.49 m/s. The meridional wind gradually increases from +1.30 ± 1.82 m/s to +8.53 ± 2.14 m/s. Following Bertaux et al. (2016) we attribute this long‐term trend to the influence from the surface topography on the dynamical process in the atmosphere via the upward propagation of gravity waves that became apparent in the VMC observations due to slow drift of the Venus Express orbit over Aphrodite Terra.
Observations of Coherent Flow Structures Over Subaqueous High‐ and Low‐ Angle Dunes
Authors: Kwoll E. , Venditti J. G. , Bradley R. W. , Winter C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLarge‐scale coherent flow structures (CFSs) above dunes are the dominant source of flow resistance and constitute the principal mechanism for sediment transport and mixing in sand bed river and estuarine systems. Based on laboratory observations, CFS formation has been previously linked to flow separation downstream of high‐angle dunes with lee slopes of ~30°. How CFSs form in natural, deep rivers and estuaries where dunes exhibit lower lee slopes and intermittent flow separation is not well understood. Here we present particle image velocimetry measurements from an experiment where dune lee slope was systematically varied (30°, 20°, and 10°), while other geometric and hydraulic parameters were held constant. We show that CFSs form downstream of all three dune geometries from shear layer vortices in the dune lee. The mode of CFS formation undergoes a low‐frequency oscillation with periods of intense vortex shedding interspersed with periods of rare vortex shedding. Streamwise alignment of several vortices during periods of intense shedding results in wedge‐shaped CFSs that are advected above the dune stoss side. Streamwise length scales of wedge‐shaped CFS correspond to large‐scale motions (LSMs). We hypothesize that the advection of LSM over the dune crest triggers the periods of intense shedding in the dune lee. LSMs are weaker and smaller above low‐angle dunes; however, the low‐frequency oscillation in CFS formation periods persists. The formation of smaller and weaker CFS results in a reduction of flow resistance over low‐angle dunes.