bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes over Hierarchical BiOBr/β‐Co(OH)2/PVP Multicomponent Photocatalyst under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Li Wei , Li Peitao , Liu Yin , Zhang Baoliang , Zhang Hepeng , Geng Wangchang , Zhang Qiuyu 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA novel visible‐light driven BiOBr/β‐Co(OH)2/PVP (PVP=polyvinylpyrrolidone) hierarchical multicomponent photocatalyst assembled in nanosheets was synthesized by a simple one‐pot solvothermal synthesis. The as‐prepared photocatalyst was characterized by field‐emitting scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. This research shows that the formation of the p–n heterojunction would be very conducive to effectively inhibit the recombination of the photoexcited electron–hole pairs and enhance the photoactivity significantly. Owing to its narrow band‐gap energy (≈2.49 eV) and fast interfacial charge migration, this novel photocatalyst can efficiently absorb visible light and shows an improved ability for utilizing light energy. Although both β‐Co(OH)2 and BiOBr alone exhibit little photoactivity for the degradation of dyes, the BiOBr/β‐Co(OH)2/PVP hierarchical multicomponent photocatalyst exhibits unexpected, surprisingly high photoactivity and stability in degrading dyes in aqueous solution at moderate Co/Bi molar ratio and moderate PVP addition. The catalyst′s photoactivity is approximately 9.7 times of that of β‐Co(OH)2 and 3.2 times of that of BiOBr. This unusual photoactivity mainly arises from the synergetic chemical coupling effects between BiOBr, β‐Co(OH)2, and PVP. The excellent photoactivity and photostability of this hierarchical multicomponent photocatalyst make it a promising photocatalyst under visible‐light response. Beyond that, this novel photocatalyst can be reused many times without significant loss of its activity.
Competition Between π–π and CH/π Interactions: A Comparison of the Structural and Electronic Properties of Alkoxy‐Substituted 1,8‐Bis((propyloxyphenyl)ethynyl)naphthalenes
Authors: Carson Bradley E. , Parker Trent M. , Hohenstein Edward G. , Brizius Glen L. , Komorner Whitney , King Rollin A. , Collard David M. , Sherrill C. David 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe structural and electronic consequences of π–π and CH/π interactions in two alkoxy‐substituted 1,8‐bis‐ ((propyloxyphenyl)ethynyl)naphthalenes are explored by using X‐ray crystallography and electronic structure computations. The crystal structure of analogue 4, bearing an alkoxy side chain in the 4‐position of each of the phenyl rings, adopts a π‐stacked geometry, whereas analogue 8, bearing alkoxy groups at both the 2‐ and the 5‐positions of each ring, has a geometry in which the rings are splayed away from a π‐stacked arrangement. Symmetry‐adapted perturbation theory analysis was performed on the two analogues to evaluate the interactions between the phenylethynyl arms in each molecule in terms of electrostatic, steric, polarization, and London dispersion components. The computations support the expectation that the π‐stacked geometry of the alkoxyphenyl units in 4 is simply a consequence of maximizing π–π interactions. However, the splayed geometry of 8 results from a more subtle competition between different noncovalent interactions: this geometry provides a favorable anti‐alignment of CO bond dipoles, and two CH/π interactions in which hydrogen atoms of the alkyl side chains interact favorably with the π electrons of the other phenyl ring. These favorable interactions overcome competing π–π interactions to give rise to a geometry in which the phenylethynyl substituents are in an offset, unstacked arrangement.
A Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe Based on a Through‐Bond Energy Transfer (TBET) System for Imaging HOCl in Living Cells
Authors: Zhang Yan‐Ru , Meng Ning , Miao Jun‐Ying , Zhao Bao‐Xiang 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA simple ratiometric probe (Naph‐Rh) has been designed and synthesized based on a through‐bond energy transfer (TBET) system for sensing HOCl. In this probe, rhodamine thiohydrazide and naphthalene formyl were connected by simple synthesis methods to construct a structure of monothio‐bishydrazide. Free probe Naph‐Rh showed only the emission of naphthalene. When probe Naph‐Rh reacted with HOCl, monothio‐bishydrazide could be converted into 1,2,4‐oxadiazole, which not only ensured that the donor and the acceptor were connected with electronically conjugated bonds, but also resulted in the spiro‐ring opening and the emission of rhodamine. Therefore, a typical TBET process took place. The probe possessed high‐energy transfer efficiency and large pseudo‐Stokes shifts. As the first TBET probe for HOCl, Naph‐Rh showed excellent selectivity and sensitivity toward HOCl over other reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and could respond fast to a low concentration of HOCl in the real sample. In addition, the probe was suitable for imaging HOCl in living cells due to its real‐time response, excellent resolution, and reduced cytotoxicity.
Diastereodivergent Asymmetric Michael Addition of Cyclic Azomethine Ylides to Nitroalkenes: Direct Approach for the Synthesis of 1,7‐Diazaspiro[4.4]nonane Diastereoisomers
Authors: Li Chun‐Yan , Yang Wu‐Lin , Luo Xiaoyan , Deng Wei‐Ping 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe first highly diastereoselective and enantioselective catalytic asymmetric Michael addition of cyclic azomethine ylides with nitroalkenes have been developed to diastereodivergently generate either the syn or anti adducts by employing N,O‐ligand/Cu(OAc)2 and N,P‐ligand/Cu(OAc)2 catalytic systems. Both catalytic systems exhibit broad substrate applicability to afford the corresponding Michael adducts in good to excellent yields, with excellent levels of diastereo‐ (up to 99:1 diastereomeric ratio) and enantioselectivities (up to >99 % enantiomeric excess). Importantly, the chiral 1,7‐diazaspiro[4.4]nonane diastereomer derivatives can be easily obtained in good yields through facile NaBH4 reduction of the Michael adducts.
Lignin‐Derived Advanced Carbon Materials
Authors: Chatterjee Sabornie , Saito Tomonori 
Published: November 2015

AbstractLignin is a highly abundant source of renewable carbon that can be considered as a valuable sustainable source of biobased materials. By applying specific pretreatments and manufacturing methods, lignin can be converted into a variety of value‐added carbon materials. However, the physical and chemical heterogeneities of lignin complicate its use as a feedstock. Herein lignin manufacturing process, the effects of pretreatments and manufacturing methods on the properties of product lignin, and structure–property relationships in various applications of lignin‐derived carbon materials, such as carbon fibers, carbon mats, activated carbons, carbon films, and templated carbon, are discussed.
Triacylglycerols of camellia oil: Composition and positional distribution of fatty acids
Authors: Wei Wei , Cheng Huang , Cao Xi , Zhang Xi , Feng Fengqin 
Published: November 2015

Camellia oil one of the most important vegetable oils in China. Fatty acid composition and positional distribution analyzed by GC and GC‐MS in this study reveals that camellia oil is rich in oleic acid (around 78% in TAG and 85% at sn‐2 position of TAG). Camellia oil has a potential as an edible oil which provides oleic acid or for use as a feedstock in designing oleic acid‐enriched structured lipids.Camellia oil – a high oleic‐vegetable oil.
Domino Oxidative Cyclization of 2‐Amino­acetophenones for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Tryptanthrin Derivatives
Authors: Reddy B. V. Subba , Reddy D. Maheswara , Reddy G. Niranjan , Reddy M. Ramana , Reddy V. Krishna 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA new CuI/DMSO‐mediated oxidative domino process has been developed for the synthesis of tryptanthrin derivatives. This is the first example of the synthesis of tryptanthrin derivatives directly from 2‐aminoaryl methyl ketones and isatoic anhydrides through copper‐promoted oxidative functionalization.
Topical prazosin attenuates sensitivity to tactile stimuli in patients with complex regional pain syndrome
Authors: Drummond Eleanor S. , Maker Garth , Birklein Frank , Finch Philip M. , Drummond Peter D. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe sympathetic nervous system may play an important role in certain forms of chronic pain. The main aim of this study was to determine whether functional blockade of α1‐adrenoceptors would alter sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).Methods and ResultsIn an initial study, high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry of intradermal interstitial fluid collected from the forearms of three healthy individuals established that the α1‐adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin penetrated the skin barrier when mixed in Lipoderm® cream base. Next, we found that application of this cream to the forearm of 10 healthy participants attenuated axon reflex vasodilatation to the iontophoresis of phenylephrine, demonstrating functional blockade of α1‐adrenoceptors. Subsequently, effects of the cream on sensitivity to mechanical and thermal stimulation were investigated in 14 healthy participants and 19 patients with CRPS (eight with an apparent adrenergic component of pain). Both in patients and controls, topical application of the prazosin cream increased sensitivity to skin cooling but reduced sensations evoked by gentle brushing. In addition, hyperalgesia to sharp stimulation was lower at the prazosin‐ than vehicle‐treated site in the CRPS‐affected limb, and allodynia to brushing was lower at the prazosin‐treated than vehicle‐treated site in patients with an adrenergic component of pain.ConclusionsPrazosin cream inhibited adrenergic axon reflex vasodilatation in healthy volunteers, and also inhibited dynamic allodynia and punctate hyperalgesia in the CRPS‐affected limb of some patients. Further studies are required to assess the potential benefits of topically applied prazosin for CRPS.
Pain and pain tolerance in whiplash‐associated disorders: A population‐based study
Authors: Myrtveit S.M. , Skogen J.C. , Sivertsen B. , Steingrímsdóttir Ó.A. , Stubhaug A. , Nielsen C.S. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundPain is a cardinal symptom in individuals with whiplash‐associated disorders (WAD). We aimed to compare pain characteristics between individuals with WAD and individuals reporting chronic pain from other causes, and to determine whether potential differences were accounted for by experimental pain tolerance.MethodsData from the 6th Tromsø Study (2007–2008, n = 12,981) were analysed. The number of painful locations was compared between individuals with WAD and individuals reporting chronic pain from other causes using negative binomial regression, pain frequency using multinomial logistic regression and pain intensity using multiple linear regression. Differences in experimental pain tolerance (cold pressor test) were tested using Cox regression; one model compared individuals with WAD to those with chronic pain from other causes, one compared the two groups with chronic pain to individuals without chronic pain. Subsequently, regression models investigating clinical pain characteristics were adjusted for pain tolerance.ResultsOf individuals with WAD, 96% also reported other causes for pain. Individuals with WAD reported a higher number of painful locations [median (inter‐quartile range): 5 (3.5–7) vs. 3 (2–5), p < 0.001] and higher pain intensity (crude mean difference = 0.78, p < 0.001) than individuals with chronic pain from other causes. Pain tolerance did not differ between these two groups. Compared to individuals without chronic pain, individuals with WAD and individuals with chronic pain from other causes had reduced pain tolerance.ConclusionsIndividuals with WAD report more additional causes of pain, more painful locations and higher pain intensity than individuals with chronic pain from other causes. The increased pain reporting was not accounted for by pain tolerance.
Nickel Oxide and Nickel Co‐doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanocomposites and its Octylphenol Sensing Application
Authors: Gong Wanyun , Zou Jing , Zhang Sheng , Zhou Xin , Jiang Jizhou 
Published: November 2015

AbstractNickel oxide and nickel co‐doped graphitic carbon nitride (NiONiGCN) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by thermal treatment of melamine and NiCl2 ⋅ 6H2O. NiONiGCN nanocomposites showed superior electrochemical catalytic activity for the oxidation of octylphenol to pure GCN. A detection method of octylphenol in environmental water samples was developed based at NiONiGCN nanocomposites modified electrode under infrared light irradiation. Differential pulse voltammetry was used as the analytic technique of octylphenol, exhibiting stable and specific concentration‐dependent oxidation signal in the presence of octylphenol in the range of 10 nM to 1 µM and 1 µM to 50 µM, with a detection limit of 3.3 nM (3S/N).
Electrochemical Characterization of Corrosion Products in Leaded Bronze Sculptures Considering Ohmic Drop Effects on Tafel Analysis
Authors: Doménech‐Carbó Antonio , Doménech‐Carbó María Teresa , Redondo‐Marugán Jorge , Osete‐Cortina Laura , Vivancos‐Ramón María Victoria 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe characterization of corrosion products in leaded bronze based on the voltammetry of immobilized particles methodology is described. Voltammetric data, supported by Fourier transform infra‐red spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray microanalysis (FESEM‐EDX) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) allow the identification of copper and lead corrosion materials. The mutual influence of such products is modeled upon considering uncompensated ohmic drops in the Tafel analysis of the rising portion of the respective voltammetric signals for their electrochemical reduction.
Screening of peroxynitrite scavengers in Flos Lonicerae by using two new methods, an HPLC‐DAD‐CL technique and a peroxynitrite spiking test followed by HPLC‐DAD analysis
Authors: Qi Jin , Chen You‐Hua , Wang Ying , Chen Xi , Wang Lu , Hu Yuan‐Jia , Yu Bo‐Yang 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroductionPeroxynitrite is involved in the pathogenesis of a number of significant diseases. Peroxynitrite scavengers thus have potential application in understanding and treating these diseases. It is, therefore, important to establish screening methods able to rapidly identify peroxynitrite scavengers from herbal plants.ObjectiveTo develop effective and easily operable screening methods for identifying peroxynitrite scavengers in complex matrices, including Chinese herbal medicines.MethodsTwo simple and efficient screening methods have been developed for the identification of natural peroxynitrite scavengers in Flos Lonicerae Japonicae (FLJ). Method I used HPLC‐DAD‐(luminol‐peroxynitrite)‐CL techniques combined with Q‐TOF MS/MS analysis, while Method II used pre‐column reaction of the sample with peroxynitrite, followed by HPLC separation and Q‐TOF MS/MS analysis.ResultsFive peroxynitrite scavengers (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, 3,4‐O‐dicaffeoyl quinic acid, 3,5‐O‐dicaffeoyl quinic acid and 4,5‐O‐dicaffeoyl quinic acid) were identified in FLJ using Method I. Besides the compounds identified using Method I, three additional peroxynitrite scavengers (rutin, isoquercitrin and luteoloside) were identified using Method II.ConclusionThe two new methods proved to be complementary and the use of these methods should allow rapid detection of peroxynitrite‐scavenging natural products from FLJ and other complex matrices. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spiritual or religious struggle in hematopoietic cell transplant survivors
Authors: King Stephen Duane , Fitchett George , Murphy Patricia E. , Pargament Kenneth I. , Martin Paul J. , Johnson Rebecca H. , Harrison David A. , Loggers Elizabeth Trice 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundThis study describes the prevalence of religious or spiritual (R/S) struggle in long‐term survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), demographic and medical correlates of R/S struggle, and its associations with depression and quality of life.MethodsData were collected in conjunction with an annual survey of adult (age ≥18 years) survivors of HCT. Study measures included R/S struggle (negative religious coping, NRC, from Brief RCOPE), measures of quality of life (subscales from 36‐item Short Form Health Survey and McGill), and the Patient Health Questionnaire 8. R/S struggle was defined as any non‐zero response on the NRC. Factors associated with R/S struggle were identified using multi‐variable logistic regression models.ResultsThe study analyzed data from 1449 respondents who ranged from 6 months to 40 years after HCT. Twenty‐seven percent had some R/S struggle. In a multi‐variable logistic regression model, R/S struggle was associated with greater depression and poorer quality of life. R/S struggle was also associated with younger age, non‐White race, and self‐identification as either religious but not spiritual or spiritual but not religious. R/S struggle was not associated with any medical variables, including time since transplant.ConclusionsReligious or spiritual struggle is common among HCT survivors, even many years after HCT. Survivors should be screened and, as indicated, referred to a professional with expertise in R/S struggle. Further study is needed to determine causal relationships, longitudinal trajectory, impact of struggle intensity, and effects of R/S struggle on health, mood, and social roles for HCT survivors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of disclosure of diagnosis and patient autonomy on quality of life and illness perceptions in Chinese patients with liver cancer
Authors: Jie Bin , Qiu Yan , Feng Zheng‐Zhi , Zhu Shai‐Nan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveThis prospective cohort study explored the impact of disclosure of diagnosis and patient autonomy on the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and illness perceptions in Chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsPatients with HCC who were admitted for potentially curative treatments in a teaching hospital were recruited from August 2013 to July 2014. Patients were interviewed at admission regarding their HRQOL and their attitude towards disclosure of diagnosis. They were interviewed again regarding HRQOL and illness perceptions at discharge.ResultsThere were 218 patients recruited; 57.8% of them were aware of their cancer diagnosis (disclosed group). For 63.8% of the participants, their desire for disclosure or nondisclosure was satisfied (autonomy‐satisfied group). When comparing the patients in the disclosed group with the patients who were uninformed, the patients in the disclosed group had higher scores for global HRQOL at discharge (p = 0.013) and higher scores on understanding of their illness regarding illness perceptions (p = 0.022). When comparing the patients in the ‘autonomy‐satisfied’ group with the patients whose desire for disclosure was not satisfied, the patients in the autonomy‐satisfied group had better emotional functioning and better global HRQOL at discharge (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Additionally, the patients in the autonomy‐satisfied group had higher scores for personal control (p = 0.009) and lower scores for emotional reaction (p = 0.007) regarding illness perceptions, even after controlling for other confounding factors.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that for patients with HCC who have undergone potentially curative treatment, physicians should satisfy patients' desires for autonomy regarding the disclosure of their diagnosis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gain‐scheduled filtering for linear parameter‐varying systems using inexact scheduling parameters with bounded variation rates
Authors: Sadeghzadeh Arash 
Published: November 2015

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the problem of full‐order H2 linear parameter‐varying filter design for continuous‐time systems with bounded rate of variations under the condition that the scheduling parameters do not exactly fit the real ones. The scheduling parameters and their derivatives are supposed to belong to polytopes with known vertices. The synthesis conditions are formulated in terms of parameter‐dependent bilinear matrix inequalities by means of parameter‐dependent Lyapunov function and introducing some extra variables for the filter design. An iterative procedure is presented to cast the bilinear matrix inequalities problem into a linear matrix inequality optimization problem. The design of robust filters for both time‐varying and time‐invariant systems can be viewed as particular cases of the proposed method. The merit of the method presented in this paper lies in two fields. The first pertains to dealing with the measurement uncertainty in a less conservative manner than available approaches in the gain‐scheduled filtering problem. The second is to provide more efficient methods than the existing ones in the literature for the robust filter design. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Systematic Review of Patient‐reported Outcomes in Randomized Controlled Trials of Unplanned General Surgery
Authors: Stevens Daniel J. , Blencowe Natalie S. , McElnay Philip J. , Macefield Rhiannon C. , Savović Jelena , Avery Kerry N. L. , Blazeby Jane M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Unplanned general surgery represents a major workload and requires comprehensive evaluation with appropriate outcomes. This study aimed to summarize current reporting of patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in unplanned general surgery. A systematic review identified RCTs reporting PROs in the commonest six areas of unplanned general surgery. Details of the PRO measures were examined using the CONSORT extension for PRO reporting in RCTs. Extracted information about each PRO domain included the reporting of baseline PROs, rationale for PRO selection and whether PRO findings were used in conjunction with clinical outcomes to inform treatment recommendations. The internal validity of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. 12,519 abstracts were screened and 20 RCTs containing data from 2037 patients included. Included studies used 14 separate PRO measures covering 35 different health domains. A visual analogue assessment of pain was most frequently reported (n = 13). Reporting of baseline PRO data was uncommon (11/35 PRO domains). The rationale for PRO data collection and a PRO‐specific hypothesis were provided for 9 (25.7 %) and 5 (14.3 %) domains, respectively. Seventeen RCTs (85.0 %) used the PRO data alongside clinical outcomes to inform treatment recommendations. Of the 116 risk of bias assessments, 77 (66.0 %) were judged as high or unclear. There is a lack of well designed, and conducted RCTs in unplanned general surgery that include PROs. Future work to define relevant PROs and methods for optimal assessment are needed to inform health care decision‐making.
Towards a Phenomenology of Technologically Mediated Moral Change: Or, What Could Mark Zuckerberg Learn from Caregivers in the Southern Netherlands?
Authors: Sharon Tamar 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Kamphof offers an illuminating depiction of the technological mediation of morality. Her case serves as the basis for a plea for modesty up and against the somewhat heroic conceptualizations of techno-moral change to date—less logos, less autos, more practice, more relationality. Rather than a displacement of these conceptualizations, I question whether Kamphof’s art of living offers only a different perspective: in scale (as a micro-event of techno-moral change), and in unit of analysis (as an art of living oriented to relations with others rather than the relation to the self). As a supplement and not an alternative, this modest art has nonetheless audacious implications for the ethics of surveillance.