bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure zone diagram and particle incorporation of nickel brush plated composite coatings
Authors: Isern L. , Impey S. , Almond H. , Clouser S. J. , Endrino J. L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis work studies the deposition of aluminium-incorporated nickel coatings by brush electroplating, focusing on the electroplating setup and processing parameters. The setup was optimised in order to increase the volume of particle incorporation. The optimised design focused on increasing the plating solution flow to avoid sedimentation, and as a result the particle transport experienced a three-fold increase when compared with the traditional setup. The influence of bath load, current density and the brush material used was investigated. Both current density and brush material have a significant impact on the morphology and composition of the coatings. Higher current densities and non-abrasive brushes produce rough, particle-rich samples. Different combinations of these two parameters influence the surface characteristics differently, as illustrated in a Structure Zone Diagram. Finally, surfaces featuring crevices and peaks incorporate between 3.5 and 20 times more particles than smoother coatings. The presence of such features has been quantified using average surface roughness Ra and Abbott-Firestone curves. The combination of optimised setup and rough surface increased the particle content of the composite to 28 at.%.
Statistics of localized phase slips in tunable width planar point contacts
Authors: Baumans Xavier D.A. , Zharinov Vyacheslav S. , Raymenants Eline , Blanco Alvarez Sylvain , Scheerder Jeroen E. , Brisbois Jérémy , Massarotti Davide , Caruso Roberta , Tafuri Francesco , Janssens Ewald , Moshchalkov Victor V. , Van de Vondel Joris , Silhanek Alejandro V. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe main dissipation mechanism in superconducting nanowires arises from phase slips. Thus far, most of the studies focus on long nanowires where coexisting events appear randomly along the nanowire. In the present work we investigate highly confined phase slips at the contact point of two superconducting leads. Profiting from the high current crowding at this spot, we are able to shrinkin-situthe nanoconstriction. This procedure allows us to investigate, in the very same sample, thermally activated phase slips and the probability density function of the switching currentIswneeded to trigger an avalanche of events. Furthermore, for an applied current larger thanIsw, we unveil the existence of two distinct thermal regimes. One corresponding to efficient heat removal where the constriction and bath temperatures remain close to each other, and another one in which the constriction temperature can be substantially larger than the bath temperature leading to the formation of a hot spot. Considering that the switching current distribution depends on the exact thermal properties of the sample, the identification of different thermal regimes is of utmost importance for properly interpreting the dissipation mechanisms in narrow point contacts.
Ticks elicit variable fibrinogenolytic activities upon feeding on hosts with different immune backgrounds
Authors: Vora Ashish , Taank Vikas , Dutta Sucharita M. , Anderson John F. , Fish Durland , Sonenshine Daniel E. , Catravas John D. , Sultana Hameeda , Neelakanta Girish 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTicks secrete several anti-hemostatic factors in their saliva to suppress the host innate and acquired immune defenses against infestations. Using Ixodes scapularis ticks and age-matched mice purchased from two independent commercial vendors with two different immune backgrounds as a model, we show that ticks fed on immunodeficient animals demonstrate decreased fibrinogenolytic activity in comparison to ticks fed on immunocompetent animals. Reduced levels of D-dimer (fibrin degradation product) were evident in ticks fed on immunodeficient animals in comparison to ticks fed on immunocompetent animals. Increased engorgement weights were noted for ticks fed on immunodeficient animals in comparison to ticks fed on immunocompetent animals. Furthermore, the LC-MS/MS and quantitative real-time-PCR analysis followed by inhibitor and antibody-blocking assays revealed that the arthropod HSP70-like molecule contributes to differential fibrinogenolysis during tick feeding. Collectively, these results not only indicate that ticks elicit variable fibrinogenolysis upon feeding on hosts with different immune backgrounds but also provide insights for the novel role of arthropod HSP70-like molecule in fibrinogenolysis during blood feeding.
LOCALIZER: subcellular localization prediction of both plant and effector proteins in the plant cell
Authors: Sperschneider Jana , Catanzariti Ann-Maree , DeBoer Kathleen , Petre Benjamin , Gardiner Donald M. , Singh Karam B. , Dodds Peter N. , Taylor Jennifer M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPathogens secrete effector proteins and many operate inside plant cells to enable infection. Some effectors have been found to enter subcellular compartments by mimicking host targeting sequences. Although many computational methods exist to predict plant protein subcellular localization, they perform poorly for effectors. We introduce LOCALIZER for predicting plant and effector protein localization to chloroplasts, mitochondria, and nuclei. LOCALIZER shows greater prediction accuracy for chloroplast and mitochondrial targeting compared to other methods for 652 plant proteins. For 107 eukaryotic effectors, LOCALIZER outperforms other methods and predicts a previously unrecognized chloroplast transit peptide for the ToxA effector, which we show translocates into tobacco chloroplasts. Secretome-wide predictions and confocal microscopy reveal that rust fungi might have evolved multiple effectors that target chloroplasts or nuclei. LOCALIZER is the first method for predicting effector localisation in plants and is a valuable tool for prioritizing effector candidates for functional investigations. LOCALIZER is available at http://localizer.csiro.au/.
Platform for combined analysis of functional and biomolecular phenotypes of the same cell
Authors: Kelbauskas L. , Ashili S. , Zeng J. , Rezaie A. , Lee K. , Derkach D. , Ueberroth B. , Gao W. , Paulson T. , Wang H. , Tian Y. , Smith D. , Reid B. , Meldrum Deirdre R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFunctional and molecular cell-to-cell variability is pivotal at the cellular, tissue and whole-organism levels. Yet, the ultimate goal of directly correlating the function of the individual cell with its biomolecular profile remains elusive. We present a platform for integrated analysis of functional and transcriptional phenotypes in the same single cells. We investigated changes in the cellular respiration and gene expression diversity resulting from adaptation to repeated episodes of acute hypoxia in a premalignant progression model. We find differential, progression stage-specific alterations in phenotypic heterogeneity and identify cells with aberrant phenotypes. To our knowledge, this study is the first demonstration of an integrated approach to elucidate how heterogeneity at the transcriptional level manifests in the physiologic profile of individual cells in the context of disease progression.
Quantum mechanical calculation of nanomaterial-ligand interaction energies by molecular fractionation with conjugated caps method
Authors: Zhang Dawei 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMolecular fractionation with conjugate caps (MFCC) method is introduced for the efficient estimation of quantum mechanical (QM) interaction energies between nanomaterial (carbon nanotube, fullerene, and graphene surface) and ligand (charged and neutral). In the calculations, nanomaterials are partitioned into small fragments and conjugated caps that are properly capped, and the interaction energies can be obtained through the summation of QM calculations of the fragments from which the contribution of the conjugated caps is removed. All the calculations were performed by density functional theory (DFT) and dispersion contributions for the attractive interactions were investigated by dispersion corrected DFT method. The predicted interaction energies by MFCC at each computational level are found to give excellent agreement with full system (FS) calculations with the mean energy deviation just a fractional kcal/mol. The accurate determination of nanomaterial-ligand interaction energies by MFCC suggests that it is an effective method for performing QM calculations on nanomaterial-ligand systems.
Quantum-dot-based suspension microarray for multiplex detection of lung cancer markers: preclinical validation and comparison with the Luminex xMAP® system
Authors: Bilan Regina , Ametzazurra Amagoia , Brazhnik Kristina , Escorza Sergio , Fernández David , Uríbarri María , Nabiev Igor , Sukhanova Alyona 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA novel suspension multiplex immunoassay for the simultaneous specific detection of lung cancer markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) clinical samples based on fluorescent microspheres having different size and spectrally encoded with quantum dots (QDEM) was developed. The designed suspension immunoassay was validated for the quantitative detection of three lung cancer markers in BALF samples from 42 lung cancer patients and 10 control subjects. Tumor markers were detected through simultaneous formation of specific immune complexes consisting of a capture molecule, the target antigen, and biotinylated recognition molecule on the surface of the different QDEM in a mixture. The immune complexes were visualized by fluorescently labeled streptavidin and simultaneously analyzed using a flow cytometer. Preclinical validation of the immunoassay was performed and results were compared with those obtained using an alternative 3-plex immunoassay based on Luminex xMAP® technology, developed on classical organic fluorophores. The comparison showed that the QDEM and xMAP® assays yielded almost identical results, with clear discrimination between control and clinical samples. Thus, developed QDEM technology can become a good alternative to xMAP® assays permitting analysis of multiple protein biomarkers using conventional flow cytometers.
Single-Crystalline Gold Nanowires Synthesized from Light-Driven Oriented Attachment and Plasmon-Mediated Self-Assembly of Gold Nanorods or Nanoparticles
Authors: Yu Shang-Yang , Gunawan Hariyanto , Tsai Shiao-Wen , Chen Yun-Ju , Yen Tzu-Chen , Liaw Jiunn-Woei 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThrough the light-driven geometrically oriented attachment (OA) and self-assembly of Au nanorods (NRs) or nanoparticles (NPs), single-crystalline Au nanowires (NWs) were synthesized by the irradiation of a linearly-polarized (LP) laser. The process was conducted in a droplet of Au colloid on a glass irradiated by LP near-infrared (e.g. 1064 nm and 785 nm) laser beam of low power at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, without any additive. The FE-SEM images show that the cross sections of NWs are various: tetragonal, pentagonal or hexagonal. The EDS spectrum verifies the composition is Au, and the pattern of X-ray diffraction identifies the crystallinity of NWs with the facets of {111}, {200}, {220} and {311}. We proposed a hypothesis for the mechanism that the primary building units are aligned and coalesced by the plasmon-mediated optical torque and force to form the secondary building units. Subsequently, the secondary building units undergo the next self-assembly, and so forth the tertiary ones. The LP light guides the translational and rotational motions of these building units to perform geometrically OA in the side-by-side, end-to-end and T-shaped manners. Consequently, micron-sized ordered mesocrystals are produced. Additionally, the concomitant plasmonic heating causes the annealing for recrystallizing the mesocrystals in water.
Enhanced thermal conductivity of form-stable phase change composite with single-walled carbon nanotubes for thermal energy storage
Authors: Qian Tingting , Li Jinhong , Feng Wuwei , Nian Hong’en 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA striking contrast in the thermal conductivities of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/diatomite form-stable phase change composite (fs-PCC) with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNs) as nano-additive has been reported in our present study. Compared to the pure PEG, the thermal conductivity of the prepared fs-PCC has increased from 0.24 W/mK to 0.87 W/Mk with a small SWCNs loading of 2 wt%. SWCNs are decorated on the inner surface of diatomite pores whilst retaining its porous structure. Compared to PEG/diatomite fs-PCC, the melting and solidification time of the PEG/diatomite/SWCNs fs-PCC are respectively decreased by 54.7% and 51.1%, and its thermal conductivity is 2.8 times higher. The composite can contain PEG as high as 60 wt% and maintain its original shape perfectly without any PEG leakage after subjected to 200 melt-freeze cycles. DSC results indicates that the melting point of the PEG/diatomite/SWCNs fs-PCC shifts to a lower temperature while the solidification point shifts to a higher temperature due to the presence of SWCNs. Importantly, the use of SWCNs is found to have clear beneficial effects for enhancing the thermal conductivity and thermal storage/release rates, without affecting thermal properties, chemical compatibility and thermal stability. The prepared PEG/diatomite/SWCNs fs-PCC exhibits excellent chemical and thermal durability and has potential application in solar thermal energy storage and solar heating.
Non-invasive aerosol delivery and transport of gold nanoparticles to the brain
Authors: Raliya Ramesh , Saha Debajit , Chadha Tandeep S. , Raman Baranidharan , Biswas Pratim 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTargeted delivery of nanoscale carriers containing packaged payloads to the central nervous system has potential use in many diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Moreover, understanding of the bio-interactions of the engineered nanoparticles used for tissue-specific delivery by non-invasive delivery approaches are also of paramount interest. Here, we have examined this issue systematically in a relatively simple invertebrate model using insects. We synthesized 5 nm, positively charged gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and targeted their delivery using the electrospray aerosol generator. Our results revealed that after the exposure of synthesized aerosol to the insect antenna, AuNPs reached the brain within an hour. Nanoparticle accumulation in the brain increased linearly with the exposure time. Notably, electrophysiological recordings from neurons in the insect brain several hours after exposure did not show any significant alterations in their spontaneous and odor-evoked spiking properties. Taken together, our findings reveal that aerosolized delivery of nanoparticles can be an effective non-invasive approach for delivering nanoparticles to the brain, and also presents an approach to monitor the short-term nano-biointeractions.
The Glutathione Peroxidase Gene Family in Gossypium hirsutum: Genome-Wide Identification, Classification, Gene Expression and Functional Analysis
Authors: Chen Mingyang , Li Kun , Li Haipeng , Song Chun-Peng , Miao Yuchen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe plant glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family consists of multiple isoenzymes with distinct subcellular locations, tissue-specific expression patterns and environmental stress responses. In this study, 13 putative GPXs from the genome of Gossypium hirsutum (GhGPXs) were identified and a conserved pattern among plant GPXs were exhibited, besides this they also responded to multiple environmental stresses and we predicted that they had hormone responsive cis-elements in their promoter regions. Most of the GhGPXs on expression in yeast can scavenge H2O2. Our results showed that different members of the GhGPX gene family were co-ordinately regulated under specific environmental stress conditions, and suggested the importance of GhGPXs in hormone treatments and abiotic stress responses.
A mechanistic study of gold nanoparticle radiosensitisation using targeted microbeam irradiation
Authors: Ghita Mihaela , McMahon Stephen J. , Taggart Laura E. , Butterworth Karl T. , Schettino Giuseppe , Prise Kevin M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been demonstrated as effective radiosensitizing agents in a range of preclinical models using broad field sources of various energies. This study aimed to distinguish between these mechanisms by applying subcellular targeting using a soft X-ray microbeam in combination with GNPs. DNA damage and repair kinetics were determined following nuclear and cytoplasmic irradiation using a soft X-ray (carbon K-shell, 278 eV) microbeam in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and AG01522 fibroblast cells with and without GNPs. To investigate the mechanism of the GNP induced radiosensitization, GNP-induced mitochondrial depolarisation was quantified by TMRE staining, and levels of DNA damage were compared in cells with depolarised and functional mitochondria. Differential effects were observed following radiation exposure between the two cell lines. These findings were validated 24 hours after removal of GNPs by flow cytometry analysis of mitochondrial depolarisation. This study provides further evidence that GNP radiosensitisation is mediated by mitochondrial function and it is the first report applying a soft X-ray microbeam to study the radiobiological effects of GNPs to enable the separation of physical and biological effects.
NFC transmitter coil placement to minimise degradation of A4WP wireless power transfer efficiency
Authors: Kang M. , Noh E. , Kim K. 
Published: March 2017

The wireless power transfer (WPT) transmitter (Tx) coil and near field communication (NFC) Tx coil are combined in one transmitter. The coil system consists of an NFC Tx coil and a WPT coil system that includes an A4WP Tx coil and an A4WP receiver (Rx) coil. The WPT coil system uses a magnetic resonance method. A4WP coils are tuned to resonate at 6.78 MHz. The NFC Tx coil is tuned to resonate at 13.56 MHz and positioned between the A4WP Tx and Rx coils. Moving the position of NFC Tx coil near the A4WP Tx coil, interference phenomena among coils are investigated and changes of WPT efficiencies are measured. Optimal placements of the NFC Tx coil that minimise the loss of WPT efficiency are determined based on the analysis data.
Pituitary Adenoma with Apoplexy with Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Bansal Rajeev , Shekhawat Jitendra , Purohit Devendra 
Published: March 2017

Background This is a rare association of pituitary adenoma with apoplexy with arteriovenous malformation as only single case was reported prior to this case as per our knowledge.
Case Description A 25-year-old man presented with chief complaints of headache of sudden onset, severe in intensity with sudden loss of vision. Imaging shows pituitary adenoma with apoplexy with right parietal arteriovenous malformation. The patient was managed with embolization for parietal arteriovenous malformation and medically for pituitary adenoma with apoplexy.
Conclusion Pituitary apoplexy can be treated conservatively if no features of mass effect present. Follow-up of the patient must be done regularly to look for the size of pituitary adenoma and recurrence of arteriovenous malformation.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: The Side of Diaphragmatic Defect and Associated Nondiaphragmatic Malformations
Authors: Grizelj Ruža , Bojanić Katarina , Vuković Jurica , Weingarten Toby , Schroeder Darrell , Sprung Juraj 
Published: March 2017

Background Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has different clinical presentations depending on whether it is right sided (R-CDH) or left sided (L-CDH). Some have suggested that L-CDH and R-CDH may represent different syndromic phenotypes. This theory would be indirectly supported if different nondiaphragmatic anomalies were associated with laterality. We assessed whether CDH laterality is associated with specific types of nondiaphragmatic anomalies.
Methods Cases of CDH were retrospectively identified from five centers, and associated congenital anomalies, prenatal diagnosis, demographics, birth characteristics, and side of the CDH were analyzed. CDH characteristics were summarized according to the absence (isolated) or presence (complex) of nondiaphragmatic malformations.
Results Among 228 neonates with CDH, 140 (61%) had isolated CDH and 88 (39%) had complex CDH. Complex CDH was significantly associated with being small for gestational age (odds ratio [95% confidence interval, CI]: 8.3 [1.9–35.7]; p = 0.005) and having L-CDH (odds ratio [95% CI]: 3.6 [1.5–8.9]; p = 0.005). The overall proportion with anomalies differed by side (42% for L-CDH, 23% for R-CDH; p = 0.02), but the rates of anomalies in specific organ systems did not differ.
Conclusion The rate of associated nondiaphragmatic anomalies by specific organ system did not differ between L-CDH and R-CDH, which suggests that they represent the same phenotypic entity.
Association of Fetal Heart Rate Baseline Change and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: Stout Molly , López Julia , Colvin Ryan , Macones George , Cahill Alison , Yang Michael 
Published: March 2017

Objective The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of baseline change within normal range during labor and its prediction of neonatal outcomes.
Materials and Methods This was a prospective cohort of singleton, nonanomalous, term neonates with continuous electronic fetal monitoring and normal baseline fetal heart rate throughout the last 2 hours of labor. We determined baseline in 10-minute segments using Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development criteria. We evaluated baseline changes of ≥ 20 and ≥ 30 bpm for association with acidemia (umbilical cord arterial pH ≤ 7.10) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Finally, we performed a sensitivity analysis of normal neonates, excluding those with acidemia, NICU admission, or 5-minute Apgar < 4.
Results Among all neonates (n = 3,021), 1,267 (41.9%) had change ≥ 20 bpm; 272 (9.0%) had ≥ 30 bpm. Among normal neonates (n = 2,939), 1,221 (41.5%) had change ≥20 bpm. Acidemia was not associated with baseline change of any direction or magnitude. NICU admission was associated with decrease ≥ 20 bpm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19 – 7.21) or any direction ≥ 20 bpm (aOR: 4.06; 95% CI: 1.46–11.29). For decrease ≥ 20 bpm, sensitivity and specificity were 40.0 and 81.7%; for any direction ≥ 20 bpm, 75.0 and 58.3%.
Conclusion Changes of normal baseline are common in term labor and poorly predict morbidity, regardless of direction or magnitude.
Transitions in Care for Infants with Trisomy 13 or 18
Authors: Taylor Genevieve , Smith Melissa , Dotters-Katz Sarah , Davis Arlene , Price Wayne , Patterson Jacquelyn 
Published: March 2017

Background and Objectives The scope of interventions offered to infants with trisomy 13 (T13) or trisomy 18 (T18) is increasing. We describe the spectrum of care provided, highlighting transitions in care for individual patients.
Patients and Methods This is a single-center, retrospective cohort of infants with T13 or T18 born between 2004 and 2015. Initial care was classified as comfort care or intervention using prenatal counseling notes. Transitions in care were identified in the medical record.
Results In this study, 25 infants were divided into two groups based on their care: neonates who experienced no transition in care and neonates who experienced at least one transition. Eleven neonates experienced no transition in care with 10 receiving comfort care. Fourteen neonates experienced at least one transition: three transitioned from comfort care to intervention and 11 from intervention to comfort care. The three initially provided comfort care were discharged home with hospice and readmitted. Among the 11 cases who transitioned from intervention to comfort care, 9 transitioned during the birth hospitalization, 6 had no prenatal suspicion for T13 or T18, and 5 experienced elective withdrawal of intensive care.
Conclusion The spectrum of care for infants with T13 or T18 illustrates the need for individualized counseling that is on-going, goal directed, collaborative, and responsive.