bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of infection by multidrug‐resistant agents in patients with cirrhosis. A multicenter prospective study
Authors: Salerno Francesco , Borzio Mauro , Pedicino Claudia , Simonetti Rosa , Rossini Angelo , Boccia Sergio , Cacciola Irene , Burroughs Andrew K. , Manini Matteo A. , La Mura Vincenzo , Angeli Paolo , Bernardi Mauro , Dalla Gasperina Daniela , Dionigi Elena , Dibenedetto Clara , Arghittu Milena ,   the AISF Investigators
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackground & AimsBacterial strains resistant to antibiotics are a serious clinical challenge. We assessed the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated from infections in patients with cirrhosis by a multicentre investigation.ResultsThree hundred and thirteen culture‐positive infections (173 community acquired [CA] and 140 hospital acquired [HA]) were identified in 308 patients. Urinary tract infections, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and bacteremias were the most frequent. Quinolone‐resistant Gram‐negative isolates were 48%, 44% were extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase producers and 9% carbapenem resistant. In 83/313 culture‐positive infections (27%), multidrug‐resistant agents (MDRA) were isolated. This prevalence did not differ between CA and HA infections. MDRA were identified in 17 of 37 patients on quinolone prophylaxis, and in 46 of 166 not on prophylaxis (45% vs 27%; P<.03). In 287 cases an empiric antibiotic therapy was undertaken, in 37 (12.9%) this therapy failed. The in‐hospital mortality rate of this subset of patients was significantly higher compared to patients who received an effective broad(er)‐spectrum therapy (P=.038). During a 3‐month follow‐up, 56/203 culture‐positive patients (27.6%) died, 24/63 who have had MDRA‐related infections (38%) and 32/140 who have had antibiotic‐susceptible infections (22.8%) (P=.025). Multivariate analysis disclosed MDRA infection, age, hepatocellular carcinoma, bilirubin, international normalized ratio and the occurrence of portal hypertension‐related complications independent predictors of death.ConclusionsInfection by MDRA is frequent in patients with cirrhosis and the prognosis is severe, especially in patients unresponsive to empiric antibiotic therapy.
Clusterin expression is upregulated following acute head injury and localizes to astrocytes in old head injury
Authors: Troakes Claire , Smyth Rachel , Noor Farzana , Maekawa Satomi , Killick Richard , King Andrew , Al‐Sarraj Safa 
Published: July 2016

There is mounting evidence linking traumatic brain injury (TBI) to neurodegeneration. Clusterin (apolipoprotein J or ApoJ) is a complement inhibitor that appears to have a neuroprotective effect in response to tissue damage and has been reported to be upregulated in Alzheimer's disease. Here we investigated the time course and cellular expression pattern of clusterin in human TBI. Tissue from 32 patients with TBI of varying survival times (from under 30 min to 10 months) was examined using immunohistochemistry for clusterin alongside other markers of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. TBI cases were compared to ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease and controls. Double immunofluorescence was carried out in order to examine cellular expression. Clusterin was initially expressed in an axonal location less than 30 min following TBI and increased in intensity and the frequency of deposits with increasing survival time up to 24 h, after which it appeared to reduce in intensity but was still evident several weeks after injury. Clusterin was first evident in astrocytes after 45 min, being increasingly seen up to 48 h but remaining intense in TBI cases with long survival times. Our results suggest clusterin plays a role in modulating the inflammatory response of acute and chronic TBI and that it is a useful marker for TBI, particularly in cases with short survival times. Its prominent accumulation in astrocytes, alongside a mounting inflammatory response and activation of microglial cells supports a potential role in the neurodegenerative changes that occur as a result of TBI.
What Happens at the Polling Place: Using Administrative Data to Look Inside Elections
Authors: Burden Barry C. , Canon David T. , Mayer Kenneth R. , Moynihan Donald P. , Neiheisel Jacob R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTremendous attention has been paid to local election administration since the 2000 presidential election meltdown, yet policy makers still lack basic information about what happens at the polling place. One strategy to understand the interactions between citizens and street‐level election bureaucrats is to turn to administrative data. Using logs collected by polling place workers, the authors analyze more than 66,000 individual incidents recorded from four different statewide elections. Such data provide novel insights and guidance for the administration of elections. Findings indicate that task scale (in terms of the number of ballots) and complexity (in terms of absentee ballots) increase the incident rate. Managerial choices about how polling places are run also matter: the use of electronic voting machines and central count processing of ballots reduce the incident rate, while splitting poll worker shifts increases it. Operator capacity, measured in terms of experience, also reduces the number of incidents.
Effects of acute static, ballistic, and PNF stretching exercise on the muscle and tendon tissue properties
Authors: Konrad A. , Stafilidis S. , Tilp M. 
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of a single static, ballistic, or proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching exercise on the various muscle‐tendon parameters of the lower leg and to detect possible differences in the effects between the methods. Volunteers (n = 122) were randomly divided into static, ballistic, and PNF stretching groups and a control group. Before and after the 4 × 30 s stretching intervention, we determined the maximum dorsiflexion range of motion (RoM) with the corresponding fascicle length and pennation angle of the gastrocnemius medialis. Passive resistive torque (PRT) and maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) were measured with a dynamometer. Observation of muscle‐tendon junction (MTJ) displacement with ultrasound allowed us to determine the length changes in the tendon and muscle, respectively, and hence to calculate stiffness. Although RoM increased (static: +4.3%, ballistic: +4.5%, PNF: +3.5%), PRT (static: −11.4%, ballistic: −11.5%, PNF: −13,7%), muscle stiffness (static: −13.1%, ballistic: −20.3%, PNF: −20.2%), and muscle‐tendon stiffness (static: −11.3%, ballistic: −10.5%, PNF: −13.7%) decreased significantly in all the stretching groups. Only in the PNF stretching group, the pennation angle in the stretched position (−4.2%) and plantar flexor MVC (−4.6%) decreased significantly. Multivariate analysis showed no clinically relevant difference between the stretching groups. The increase in RoM and the decrease in PRT and muscle‐tendon stiffness could be explained by more compliant muscle tissue following a single static, ballistic, or PNF stretching exercise.
Do Public Officials Trust Citizens? A Welfare State Perspective
Authors: Van de Walle Steven , Lahat Lihi 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn this exploratory study,we investigate whether public sector officials and non‐public sector officials differ in the trust they have in members of society and whether this difference is associated with the welfare regime in which they work. Using survey data from the sixth round of the European Social Survey,we compare public sector officials'trust to that of non‐public sector officials in 13 countries with four different forms of welfare regimes. Our results demonstrate that public officials have a higher level of trust than non‐public officials do. Furthermore,trust among both public and non‐public sector officials is much higher in social‐democratic regimes,followed by corporatist countries,liberal regimes,Israel(as a unique case)and,lastly,southern European regimes. As expected,public officials'degree of trust reflects the general trends of their societies. Interestingly,in social‐democratic regimes,differences between trust among public and non‐public officials are the highest compared to the other regimes. In addition,an individual‐level analysis in five countries illustrative of each welfare regime indicates that while income,belonging to a minority group,and age are significant factors in explaining public officials'trust,socio‐demographic variables contribute little to the differences between public and non‐public officials. Given the critical role of trust in the functioning of the welfare state,our results imply that further awareness and mechanisms for increasing the degree of trust of citizens among public officials are warranted.
Effect of low‐temperature biochar derived from pig manure and poultry litter on mobile and organic matter‐bound forms of Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn in sandy soil
Authors: Gondek K. , Mierzwa‐Hersztek M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNumerous studies conducted so far have shown that biochar has a significant effect on physical, chemical and biological properties of soils. Biochar can be used to alleviate the effects of soil contamination with organic and inorganic compounds, for instance, to reduce the mobility of heavy metals. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of pig manure and poultry litter, as well as biochars produced from these materials at a temperature of 300 °C on Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn contents in mobile and organic matter‐bound forms in soil. The research was conducted under laboratory conditions. The materials were introduced into sandy acid soil in doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% w/w. The application of pig manure‐derived biochar (BPM) and poultry litter‐derived biochar (BPL), depending on the amount added, reduced the mobility of copper from 28 to 69%, from 77 to 100% in the case of cadmium, from 94 to 99% in the case of lead, and from 15 to 97% in the case of zinc. The 2% amendment of pig manure (PM) and poultry litter (PL) caused an increase in the content of Cu extracted with NH4NO3 in comparison with the control treatment. A similar situation was observed in the case of zinc after the application of 0.5 and 1% amendments of pig manure (PM). Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn contents extracted with 0.025 mol C10H22N4O8 were higher than contents of these elements extracted with 1 m NH4NO3, mainly due to different extraction force of the extractants. The obtained results indicate that, compared with the content determined in soil from the control treatment, 1 and 2% amendments of both unconverted and thermally converted materials to the soil had a greater effect on contents of Cu, Pb and Zn in the organic matter‐bound fraction than the 0.5% amendment. The organic materials applied did not affect the content of cadmium in organic matter‐bound fraction.
The Minimum Step Linkage Algorithm and Cumulative Cost Model for Time‐Dependent Shortest Paths
Authors: Indriasari Vini , Dean Denis 
Published: July 2016

AbstractReal‐word road networks are typically time‐dependent, but research on time‐dependent shortest paths (TDSPs) is not as rich as that on static shortest paths (SSPs). For large networks, some speed‐up techniques are usually applied to compute SSPs. Unfortunately, many of these techniques are impractical for TDSPs, especially the techniques requiring a precomputation because the number of time instances may be incredibly large or even infinite. Therefore, this study introduced a new TDSP technique that is able to overcome the issue of infinite time instances by utilizing network geometry alone for the pre‐computation, namely the Minimum Step Linkage (MSL) algorithm. It works with a data model called Cumulative Cost Model (CCM). The theoretical concepts of the new data model and algorithm are described, and its performances were tested and compared with existing algorithms through a series of simulations.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Pseudomonas
sp. Strain BMS12, a Plant Growth-Promoting and Protease-Producing Bacterium, Isolated from the Rhizosphere Sediment of
Phragmites karka
of Chilika Lake, India
Authors: Mishra Samir R. , Panda Ananta Narayan , Ray Lopamudra , Sahu Neha , Mishra Gayatri , Jadhao Sudhir , Suar Mrutyunjay , Adhya Tapan Kumar , Rastogi Gurdeep , Pattnaik Ajit Kumar , Raina Vishakha 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

We report the 4.51 Mb draft genome of
Pseudomonas
sp. strain BMS12, a Gram-negative bacterium in the class of Gammaproteobacteria, isolated from the rhizospheric sediment of
Phragmites karka
, an invasive weed in Chilika Lake, Odisha, India. The
Pseudomonas
sp. strain BMS12 is capable of producing proteases and is also an efficient plant growth promoter that can be useful for various phytoremedial and industrial applications.
Genome Sequence of the Red Pigment-Forming Meiothermus taiwanensis Strain RP Isolated from Paniphala Hot Spring, India
Authors: Mukherjee Trinetra , Bose Sucharita , Sen Urmimala , Roy Chayan , Rameez Moidu Jameela , Ghosh Wriddhiman , Mukhopadhyay Subhra Kanti 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Here we report the draft genome sequence of
Meiothermus taiwanensis
strain RP (MCC 2966), isolated from the Paniphala hot spring of India, which contains genes encoding for enzymes of the methyl erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis and carotenoid backbone synthesis.
Complete Genome Sequence of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica Strain BM-Y, Isolated from the Pancreas of a Zebra in China
Authors: Zhou Wei , Li Mu , Zhu Lingwei , Hua Fuyou , Ji Xue , Sun Yang , Liu Jun , Guo Xuejun 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, a complete genome sequence of
Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica
strain BM-Y is presented. The whole genome is 2.18-Mb and contains a
bla
VEB-1
gene cassette which endows it with resistance to ceftazidime, ampicillin, tetracycline, etc. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) type
W. chitiniclastica
strain has been found.
Complete Genome Sequence of Campylobacter iguaniorum Strain RM11343, Isolated from an Alpaca
Authors: Miller William G. , Yee Emma , Huynh Stephen , Chapman Mary H. , Parker Craig T. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Campylobacter iguaniorum
is a member of the
C. fetus
group of campylobacters and is one of two
Campylobacter
taxa isolated from reptiles. This study describes the whole-genome sequence of the
C. iguaniorum
strain RM11343, which was isolated from a California alpaca fecal sample.
Altered gene expression in T-cell receptor signalling in peripheral blood leucocytes in acute coronary syndrome predicts secondary coronary events
Authors: Takashima Shin-ichiro , Usui Soichiro , Kurokawa Keisuke , Kitano Teppei , Kato Takeshi , Murai Hisayoshi , Furusho Hiroshi , Oda Hiroyuki , Maruyama Michiro , Nagata Yoshiki , Usuda Kazuo , Kubota Koji , Takeshita Yumie , Sakai Yoshio , Honda Masao , Kaneko Shuichi , Takamura Masayuki 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveComprehensive profiling of gene expression in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) as a prognosticator is needed. We explored the specific profile of gene expression in PBLs in ACS for long-term risk stratification.Methods30 patients with ACS who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and 15 age-matched adults who participated in medical check-ups were enrolled from three centres. Peripheral blood samples were collected to extract RNA for microarray analyses.ResultsDuring the 5-year follow-up, 36% of this cohort developed the expected non-fatal coronary events (NFEs) of target lesion revascularisation (TLR) and PCI for a de novo lesion. Class comparison analysis (p<0.005) demonstrated that 83 genes among 7785 prefiltered genes (41 upregulated vs 42 downregulated genes) were extracted to classify the patients according to the occurrence of NFE. Pathway analysis based on gene ontology revealed that the NFEs were associated with altered gene expression regarding the T-cell receptor signalling pathway in ACS. Univariate t test showed that the expression level of death-associated protein kinase1 (DAPK1), known to regulate inflammation, was the most significantly negatively regulated gene in the event group (0.61-fold, p<0.0005). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and multivariate analysis adjusted for baseline characteristics or clinical biomarkers demonstrated that lower DAPK1 expression in PBL emerged as an independent risk factor for the NFEs (HR: 8.73; CI 1.05 to 72.8, p=0.045).ConclusionsAltered gene expression in T-cell receptor signalling in PBL in ACS could be a prognosticator for secondary coronary events.Trial registration numberUMIN000001932; Results.
Anticipating the “Silver Tsunami”: Prevalence Trajectories and Co-Morbidity Burden among Older Cancer Survivors in the United States
Authors: Bluethmann Shirley M. , Mariotto Angela B. , Rowland Julia H. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Background: Cancer survivors are a growing population, due in large part to the aging of the baby boomer generation and the related “silver tsunami” facing the U.S. health care system. Understanding the impact of a graying nation on cancer prevalence and comorbidity burden is critical in informing efforts to design and implement quality cancer care for this population.
Methods: Incidence and survival data from 1975 to 2011 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program to estimate current cancer prevalence. SEER-Medicare claims data were used to estimate comorbidity burden. Prevalence projections were made using U.S. Census Bureau data and the Prevalence Incidence Approach Model, assuming constant future incidence and survival trends but dynamic projections of the U.S. population.
Results: In 2016, there were an estimated 15.5 million cancer survivors living in the United States, 62% of whom were 65 years or older. The prevalent population is projected to grow to 26.1 million by 2040, and include 73% of survivors who are 65 years and older. Comorbidity burden was highest in the oldest survivors (those ≥85 years) and worst among lung cancer survivors.
Conclusions: Older adults, who often present with complex health needs, now constitute the majority of cancer survivors and will continue to dominate the survivor population over the next 24 years.
Impact: The oldest adults (i.e., those &gt;75 years) should be priority populations in a pressing cancer control and prevention research agenda that includes expanding criteria for clinical trials to recruit more elderly participants and developing relevant supportive care interventions. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(7); 1029–36. ©2016 AACR.
See interview with Shirley M. Bluethmann, PhD, recipient of the 2022 CEBP Frederick P. Li Impact Award: https://vimeo.com/720725164
MNK Inhibition Disrupts Mesenchymal Glioma Stem Cells and Prolongs Survival in a Mouse Model of Glioblastoma
Authors: Bell Jonathan B. , Eckerdt Frank D. , Alley Kristen , Magnusson Lisa P. , Hussain Hridi , Bi Yingtao , Arslan Ahmet Dirim , Clymer Jessica , Alvarez Angel A. , Goldman Stewart , Cheng Shi-Yuan , Nakano Ichiro , Horbinski Craig , Davuluri Ramana V. , James C. David , Platanias Leonidas C. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme remains the deadliest malignant brain tumor, with glioma stem cells (GSC) contributing to treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. We have identified MAPK-interacting kinases (MNK) as potential targets for the GSC population in glioblastoma multiforme. Isoform-level subtyping using The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed that both MNK genes (MKNK1 and MKNK2) are upregulated in mesenchymal glioblastoma multiforme as compared with other subtypes. Expression of MKNK1 is associated with increased glioma grade and correlated with the mesenchymal GSC marker, CD44, and coexpression of MKNK1 and CD44 predicts poor survival in glioblastoma multiforme. In established and patient-derived cell lines, pharmacologic MNK inhibition using LY2801653 (merestinib) inhibited phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, a crucial effector for MNK-induced mRNA translation in cancer cells and a marker of transformation. Importantly, merestinib inhibited growth of GSCs grown as neurospheres as determined by extreme limiting dilution analysis. When the effects of merestinib were assessed in vivo using an intracranial xenograft mouse model, improved overall survival was observed in merestinib-treated mice. Taken together, these data provide strong preclinical evidence that pharmacologic MNK inhibition targets mesenchymal glioblastoma multiforme and its GSC population.
Implications: These findings raise the possibility of MNK inhibition as a viable therapeutic approach to target the mesenchymal subtype of glioblastoma multiforme. Mol Cancer Res; 14(10); 984–93. ©2016 AACR.
Comparative Study of Three Phase Grid Connected Photovoltaic Inverter Using PI and Fuzzy Logic Controller with Switching Losses Calculation
Authors: Venkatesan M. , Rajeshwari R. , Deverajan N. , Kaliyamoorthy M. 
Published: July 2016

A comparative study of three phase grid connected photovoltaic (PV) inverter using Proprotional Controller (PI) and Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is presented in this paper. Proposed three phase inverter with single DC source employing three phase transformer for grid connected PV system controlled by using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) technique. PI and FLC are used as current controller for regulating the current. Perturb and observe Maximum Power Point Technique (MPPT) is used for tracking of maximum power from the PV panel. Finally Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) comparison made between two controllers for validation of results. Furthermore swithing losses of inverter are also presented. The simulation results are obtained using MATLAB simulink.
SAÚDE DO IDOSO E EXECUÇÃO DA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DA PESSOA IDOSA NAS AÇÕES REALIZADAS NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA À SAÚDE
Authors: Vieira Roseli Schminski , Vieira Reginaldo de Souza 
Published: July 2016

A Política Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa (PNSPI) foi formulada pelo Ministério da Saúde por meio da Portaria n. 2.528/2006, em consonância com a Constituição de 1988. O estudo investigou se os municípios de uma região do Sul do Estado de Santa Catarina conhecem e aplicam a PNSPI durante as ações realizadas na atenção básica à saúde, em especial nas Unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família, à luz do que dispõem a Constituição e o Estatuto do Idoso. Na pesquisa, utilizou-se o método dedutivo, com abordagem qualitativa e pesquisa descritiva. Como resultados, destacam-se as dificuldades apresentadas pelos sujeitos da pesquisa acerca de dois pontos importantes das diretrizes e estratégias da PNSPI: a falta de uma política planejada e contínua de educação em saúde para os idosos; e a inexistência de estímulo ao exercício do controle social, no âmbito seja da saúde, seja do Conselho Municipal da Pessoa Idosa.
A RESPONSABILIDADE SOLIDÁRIA DAS COOPERATIVAS QUE COMPÕEM O GRUPO UNIMED
Authors: Scheffer Mario , Robba Rafael 
Published: July 2016

As cooperativas médicas do grupo Unimed são hoje modalidade de grande expressão no mercado de assistência médica suplementar, pois reúnem o maior número de beneficiários e concentram o maior faturamento do setor. À luz de decisão do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ), que reconheceu a responsabilidade solidária em relação a obrigações contratadas por qualquer empresa pertencente ao grupo Unimed, o presente artigo analisa argumentos e repercussões do julgado. O dever de transparência decorre do direito básico do consumidor de receber informações claras e adequadas sobre serviços e produtos comercializados. Já a boa-fé objetiva está ligada à lealdade que as partes devem manter em todas as fases da contratação, em respeito às legítimas expectativas criadas. Conclui-se que o posicionamento do STJ, pela responsabilidade solidária de todas as empresas do grupo Unimed, é um desfecho lógico e necessário.