bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol screening in North Denmark Region hospitals: Frequency of screening and experiences of health professionals
Authors: Grønkjær Mette , Søndergaard Lise Nørregaard , Klit Mona Østergaard , Mariegaard Kerstin , Kusk Kathrine Hoffmann 
Published: September 2017

Background: Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for disease, disability and death. Approximately 20% of all hospital admissions are alcohol related. In Denmark, hospitalised patients undergo systematic health risk screenings to establish preventive initiatives if the screening detects a risk. The frequency and usability of alcohol screening and health professionals’ experiences of the screening is unknown. Aim: To examine the frequency and usability of alcohol screening at North Denmark Region hospitals, as well as health professionals’ experiences of screening for alcohol. Methods: This study consisted of an initial audit of 120 patient records from medical and surgical units at four hospitals assessing information on alcohol screening. This was followed by six focus-group interviews with health professionals ( n = 20) regarding their experiences of conducting alcohol screening. Results: Among overall health screenings, screening for alcohol and tobacco smoking was performed most frequently (81.8% and 85%). Alcohol screening scored the lowest percentage for usability (67.7%). Hospital-based alcohol screening was perceived ambiguously leading to a schism between standardised alcohol screening and the individual needs of the patient. Health professionals described different patient types, each with their perceived needs, and screening was associated with taboo and reluctance to engage in alcohol screening of some patient groups. Conclusion: This study revealed factors that influence health professionals working with hospital-based alcohol screening. The variation in and complexity of alcohol screening suggests that screening practice is an ambiguous task that needs continuous reflection and development to ensure that health professionals are prepared for the task.
Collaboration between community social services and healthcare institutions
Authors: Källmén Håkan , Hed Anders , Elgán Tobias H. 
Published: September 2017

Background: Well-functioning care of people with substance use and psychiatric disorders presumes collaboration between different parties such as psychiatric care and substance use treatment centres, as well as social services. According to Swedish law, a collaborative individual plan, i.e., a written action plan to support structured inter-organisational collaboration, should be established. However, there are indications that such action plans are not used to a satisfactory extent. Aim: To explore current inter-organisational collaboration and use of collaborative individual plans among healthcare units and social services in Stockholm County. Design: The study uses a cross-sectional design. Participants ( N = 797) in a course specifically aimed at improving the knowledge and use of collaborative individual plans were invited to take part in the study prior to attending the course. A total of 705 participants accepted. Data were collected through an electronic questionnaire sent to each participant’s workplace. Non-respondents were offered a paper version to fill out. Results: Respondents reported participating in one to two collaborative individual plans per month and about 70% reported using a particular template. Respondents perceived mainly positive consequences of establishing a collaborative individual plan, for instance that it clarifies what measures are to be performed and who is responsible. Conclusions: Although respondents were generally positive about establishing a collaborative individual plan and the consequences thereof, they reported low use of such action plans.
Assessment of alcohol and psychotropic drug use among old-age psychiatric patients in Norway: Experiences of health professionals
Authors: Johannessen Aud , Engedal Knut , Helvik Anne-Sofie 
Published: September 2017

Background: Increased awareness among health professionals regarding older people’s alcohol and prescribed psychotropic drug use may be beneficial for reducing their unhealthy consumption among elderly. Aim: This study explores how health professionals experienced their participation in a study in which they collected data on alcohol and psychotropic drug use among patients treated in old-age psychiatry departments and, subsequently, how they experienced their work day after the study ended. Method: Focus-group and individual interviews with 15 professionals in specialist psychiatric hospitals were performed in 2016. The data were analysed using content analysis. Results: Two themes emerged from the data: the informants’ “experiences with participation” and “consequences of participation”. These themes described how the informants had experienced their participation in the study and whether these experiences subsequently affected their work routines. The first theme included two subthemes: “approaching the topic” covered the challenges and “applying assessment scales” described the participants’ opinions about the scales. Two subthemes were included in the second theme: “increasing knowledge”, which covered their reflections on new knowledge; and “influencing work routines”, which described their new approach to the topic. Conclusion: Study participation positively affected the informants’ work routines regarding alcohol and psychotropic drug use. The results of this study may contribute to a better understanding, development, and organization of services for people with increased substance use and thus may more holistically promote the health of older people.
The slippery slope of flubromazolam: Experiences of a novel psychoactive benzodiazepine as discussed on a Swedish online forum
Authors: Andersson Martin , Kjellgren Anette 
Published: September 2017

Aim: The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the effects experienced by users of a novel psychoactive substance, the benzodiazepine flubromazolam, by analysing users’ own accounts on the Swedish forum Flashback.org . Method: A thematic analysis of anonymous self-reports published on the forum was performed and generated five general themes describing effects and experiences by flubromazolam users. Results: The themes which emerged were: Onset and duration, Desired effects, Adverse effects and addiction, Loss of control, General estimations and evaluations. The main reported characteristics of flubromazolam were heavy hypnotic and sedative effects, long-lasting amnesiac effects and the rapid development of tolerance. Flubromazolam was also anxiolytic and acted as a muscle relaxant for many users. Some users experienced euphoria or intense wellbeing. Other prominent characteristics were loss of control (leading to poor choices and actions, with unpleasant consequences) and long-lasting, often severe withdrawals. There were also serious incidents where users had been admitted to hospital, acute psychiatric treatment or taken into custody by the police. Conclusion: Flubromazolam appears to be a highly addictive and precarious benzodiazepine with many, possibly severe, side effects. The substance is generally described as very potent and with long-lasting effects. Memory loss and loss of control are common adverse effects, and withdrawals appear to be severe for many users.
Patient satisfaction with treatments and outcomes in residential addiction institutions
Authors: Andersson Helle Wessel , Otterholt Eli , Gråwe Rolf W. 
Published: September 2017

Aim: The objective of the present study was to investigate associations between patients’ satisfaction with different domains of inpatient substance use treatment and their perceived treatment outcome. The primary purpose was to identify domains of treatment satisfaction most strongly associated with a positive treatment outcome. Design: Data were based on a survey among 188 patients with alcohol and/or illicit substance use disorders completing a three–six-month inpatient stay at one of two public clinics in Central Norway. The survey was carried out shortly before discharge. The 15-item questionnaire covered ratings of staff and programme factors, and services received for medical and mental problems and ancillary services. The outcome score was based on items measuring perceived substance use improvements and benefit of treatment. Results: A significant proportion of patients were dissatisfied with the support provided for housing, financial issues and employment. Confidence in staff competence was the domain of treatment satisfaction most strongly associated with the outcome score. Furthermore, patients were more likely to report a positive outcome when they were actively involved in the treatment, as indicated by satisfaction with opportunities to affect treatment plans. Conclusion: Our results suggest that patient-experienced improvements are connected to confidence in staff competence and user involvement. The findings may be interpreted as supporting a collaborative relationship between patients and counsellors.
Evaluation of Filgrastim Therapy in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Poon Teresa , Guerra Christina M. 
Published: September 2017

Context: Neutropenia is associated with a high risk of serious infections in kidney transplant recipients. There are no sufficient studies of using granulocyte colony-stimulating factors, such as filgrastim, in renal transplant recipients to establish a clear, specified role of this off-label indication. Using filgrastim in these patients may increase the risk of rejection by overstimulating the immune system. Objective: To evaluate the use of filgrastim in adult kidney transplant recipients presenting with neutropenia. Patients and Design: Data were obtained from a medication utilization report of filgrastim in kidney transplant recipients at our center from September 2012 to August 2015. Main Outcome Measure(s) and Results: There were 28 cases of neutropenia that were treated with a range of 1 to 5 doses of filgrastim 300 or 480 μg, with a mean of 1.79 doses. The mean total dose of filgrastim administered per episode of neutropenia was 632 μg (8.6 μg/kg). Overall, 87.5% of the cases achieved a white blood cell count of at least 3 × 109 cells/L within 7 days of hospital discharge. There were no cases of infection or acute rejection following treatment. Conclusions: The use of filgrastim in kidney transplant recipients demonstrated success in reversing neutropenia. Short courses of therapy were required with minimal adverse events. Patients who required readmission were successfully re-treated. Additional studies are required to determine the most effective dose and duration of treatment.
Effectiveness of School Oral Health Screening and Factors Affecting Dental Attendance Among Female Primary School Children in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Tikare Shreyas , AlQahtani Nabeeh A. , Eroje Alezi Braimoh , AlQahtani Khadeeja Maleh , Assiri Jawaher Ahmad , AlAmri Maha Hussain 
Published: September 2017

Objectives: School dental screening and referral is a dental public health measure that helps children with oral health problems to come in contact with dental services. Recent studies have failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of school screening programs in stimulating dental attendance. The objective of the present study is to assess the effectiveness of school oral health screening in stimulating dental attendance and factors affecting dental attendance among female primary school children in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A multistage cluster random sampling method was used in which the unit of randomization was the school. All children were given comprehensive oral health education followed by oral screening. Oral health referrals to visit dental clinic were given to children needing any dental treatment. The parents were contacted by telephone two months after oral health referral and information on child’s dental attendance and reasons for failing to attend dental clinics was collected according to predetermined set of questions and the data was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: A total of 1,035 female school children aged 6 to 12 years received oral health education at school followed by dental screening. Only 211 (23.8%) children attended dental clinics after receiving oral health referrals. The most important reason for not attending the dental clinic was difficulty for working parents to take time off (41.2%) followed by logistic problems (20.4%) and some parents thought dental treatment was not important since there was no pain (9.7%). The least perceived barriers were cost of dental treatment (3.6%), difficulty in taking leave from school (3%), and school exams (3%). Conclusions: School oral health screening and referrals have been found to be ineffective at stimulating dental attendance. Parental factors like ‘lack of time’ and ‘logistic problems’ for taking their child to the dentist were found to be major factors affecting dental attendance. Methods to improve parent’s awareness regarding oral health of children and alternative choices to ensure adequate dental care to vulnerable children needs to be explored.
Early Sport Specialization: Effectiveness and Risk of Injury in Professional Baseball Players
Authors: Wilhelm Andrew , Choi Changryol , Deitch John 
Published: September 2017

Background: The rate of early sport specialization in professional baseball players is unknown. Purpose: To report the incidence and age of sport specialization in current professional baseball players and the impact of early specialization on the frequency of serious injuries sustained during the players’ careers. We also queried participants about when serious injuries occurred, the players’ current position on the field, and their opinions regarding the need for young athletes to specialize early to play at the professional level. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: A total of 102 current professional baseball players anonymously completed a 7-question written survey. Early sport specialization was defined as “single-sport participation prior to high school.” Injury was defined as “a serious injury or surgery that required the player to refrain from sports (baseball) for an entire year.” Chi-square tests were used to investigate the risk of injury in those who specialized early in baseball versus those who did not. Independent-sample t tests were used to compare injury rates based on current player position. Results: Fifty (48%) baseball players specialized early. The mean age at initiation of sport specialization was 8.91 years (SD, 3.7 years). Those who specialized early reported more serious injuries (mean, 0.54; SD, 0.838) during their professional baseball career than those who did not (mean, 0.23; SD, 0.425) ( P = .044). Finally, 63.4% of the queried players believed that early sport specialization was not required to play professional baseball. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a statistically significant higher rate of serious injury during a baseball player’s professional career in those players who specialized early. Most current professional baseball players surveyed believed that sport specialization was not required prior to high school to master the skills needed to play at the professional level. Our findings demonstrate an increased incidence of serious injuries in professional baseball players who specialized in baseball prior to high school. Youth baseball athletes should be encouraged not to participate in a single sport given the potential for an increased incidence of serious injuries later in their careers. No data are available to suggest that early specialization is needed to reach the professional level.
Macular Telangiectasia Type 2 With Spontaneous Resolution of Intraretinal/Sub-Internal Limiting Membrane Hemorrhage in the Absence of Neovascularization
Authors: Chandra Varun , Merani Rohan , Hunyor Alex P. , Ho I-Van , Gillies Mark 
Published: September 2017

Purpose: To describe a case of macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) presenting with decreased vision due to intraretinal/sub-internal limiting membrane (ILM) hemorrhage in the absence of neovascularization. Method: Clinical examination and multimodal imaging were performed. Results: A 65-year-old female presented with blurred left vision, recording 20/160 in that eye. There was intraretinal hemorrhage at the left macula centrally, with sub-ILM hemorrhage superiorly and inferiorly. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed no evidence of subretinal neovascularization. Imaging of the right macula was consistent with MacTel. The blood spontaneously cleared and the left visual acuity gradually improved to 20/25 by 4 months. Fluorescein angiography confirmed MacTel, and once the hemorrhage resolved, both inner and outer retinal cavitation was identified on OCT of the left macula. The left best-corrected visual acuity remained at 20/25 at 2-year follow-up. Conclusion: Spontaneous resorption of hemorrhage was accompanied by visual improvement.
Cellular kinetics of CTL019 in relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Mueller Karen Thudium , Maude Shannon L. , Porter David L. , Frey Noelle , Wood Patricia , Han Xia , Waldron Edward , Chakraborty Abhijit , Awasthi Rakesh , Levine Bruce L. , Melenhorst J. Joseph , Grupp Stephan A. , June Carl H. , Lacey Simon F. 
Published: September 2017

Key Points
Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) has demonstrated clinical efficacy in relapsed/refractory B-cell ALL and CLL. The cellular kinetic profile of tisagenlecleucel was consistent across the 2 diseases, with higher exposure in responding vs nonresponding patients.
Relationships between anti-stigma programme awareness, disclosure comfort and intended help-seeking regarding a mental health problem
Authors: Henderson Claire , Robinson Emily , Evans-Lacko Sara , Thornicroft Graham 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundAnti-stigma programmes should aim to increase disclosure to those who can support someone with a mental health problem and appropriate professional help-seeking.AimsWe investigated associations among public awareness of England's Time to Change anti-stigma campaign and: (a) comfort envisaged in disclosing a mental health problem to family and friends; (b) comfort in disclosing to an employer; and (c) intended professional help-seeking from a general practitioner, i.e. a physician working in primary care.MethodUsing data from a survey of a nationally representative sample of adults, we created separate logistic regression models to test for campaign awareness and other variables as predictors of comfort in disclosure and intended help-seeking.ResultsWe found positive relationships between campaign awareness and comfort in disclosing to family and friends (odds ratio (OR) = 1.27, 95% CI 1.14–1.43) and to a current or prospective employer (OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.06–1.35); and likelihood of help-seeking (OR=1.18 95% CI 1.03–1.36).ConclusionsAwareness of an anti-stigma campaign was associated with greater comfort in disclosing a mental health problem and intended help-seeking.
Childhood adversities and post-traumatic stress disorder: evidence for stress sensitisation in the World Mental Health Surveys
Authors: McLaughlin Katie A. , Koenen Karestan C. , Bromet Evelyn J. , Karam Elie G. , Liu Howard , Petukhova Maria , Ruscio Ayelet Meron , Sampson Nancy A. , Stein Dan J. , Aguilar-Gaxiola Sergio , Alonso Jordi , Borges Guilherme , Demyttenaere Koen , Dinolova Rumyana V. , Ferry Finola , Florescu Silvia , de Girolamo Giovanni , Gureje Oye , Kawakami Norito , Lee Sing , Navarro-Mateu Fernando , Piazza Marina , Pennell Beth-Ellen , Posada-Villa José , ten Have Margreet , Viana Maria Carmen , Kessler Ronald C. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundAlthough childhood adversities are known to predict increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after traumatic experiences, it is unclear whether this association varies by childhood adversity or traumatic experience types or by age.AimsTo examine variation in associations of childhood adversities with PTSD according to childhood adversity types, traumatic experience types and life-course stage.MethodEpidemiological data were analysed from the World Mental Health Surveys (n = 27017).ResultsFour childhood adversities (physical and sexual abuse, neglect, parent psychopathology) were associated with similarly increased odds of PTSD following traumatic experiences (odds ratio (OR)=1.8), whereas the other eight childhood adversities assessed did not predict PTSD. Childhood adversity–PTSD associations did not vary across traumatic experience types, but were stronger in childhood-adolescence and early-middle adulthood than later adulthood.ConclusionsChildhood adversities are differentially associated with PTSD, with the strongest associations in childhood-adolescence and early-middle adulthood. Consistency of associations across traumatic experience types suggests that childhood adversities are associated with generalised vulnerability to PTSD following traumatic experiences.
Cone-beam CT acquisition during transradial TACE made easy; use of the swivel arm board
Authors: Pua Uei , Teo Chia Chia , U Pe Thet , Quek Lawrence Han Hwee 
Published: September 2017

Objective:
Transradial access for peripheral intervention often requires certain modification from its coronary counterparts. One of the challenges during transradial transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the need for the access arm to be repositioned during cone-beam CT (CBCT) acquisition to allow for C-arm rotation. We recently introduced a swivel arm board to allow seamless repositioning of the access arm during and after CBCT acquisition. The purpose of this study is to detail the technique and feasibility of this useful adjunct to transradial TACE.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective study of consecutive cases of transradial TACE between November 2015 and March 2016, which represented the period where we introduced the swivel arm board to our transradial procedure. A total of 20 transradial TACE using the swivel arm board was performed in 17 patients. There were 13 males and 4 females. The mean age was 69.5 years old (range 48–82 years). Indications for TACE included hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 14) and metastatic liver disease (n = 3).

Results:
Transradial TACE was successful in all cases. A total of 40 successful arm repositioning using the swivel arm board for CBCT acquisitions were performed (100% success rate). There was no catheter or sheath dislodgement associated with the arm movements. No change in the microcatheter tip position was detected as a result of the arm repositioning. Hemostasis was successfully achieved in all the patients. There was no access related complication.

Conclusion:
The swivel arm board is a useful adjunct to enable CBCT acquisition during transradial TACE.

Advances in knowledge:
Transradial TACE is a novel technique, and adaptation to allow for CBCT acquisition is currently challenging. This manuscript illustrates how to overcome the positioning difficulties with the use of the swivel arm board.
Adjusting to the Information Environment: News Tangibility and Mutual Fund Performance
Authors: Chuprinin Oleg , Gaspar Sérgio , Massa Massimo 
Published: September 2017

We study the relation between mutual funds’ performance and shocks to the public information environment of their investments. For each stock, we distinguish between quantitative, or tangible, news (expressed with numeric characters) and qualitative news (expressed as verbal content). We find that funds that trade more actively in response to changes in the stocks’ information tangibility earn higher risk-adjusted returns. Funds that are particularly sensitive to such fluctuations have smaller managerial teams and employ managers who are more focused. Overall, our evidence suggests that signals associated with changes in the type of public information constitute a channel of value creation in asset management. Data and the electronic appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2835 . This paper was accepted by Lauren Cohen, finance.