bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refreshing Philology: James Barr, Supersessionism, and the State of Biblical Words
Authors: Lambert David Arthur 
Published: July 2016

This article considers the legacy of James Barr’s The Semantics of Biblical Language. Ideally, his criticisms of theology’s use of philology would have been assimilated already into the field. But the kinds of abuses that Barr so clearly identified and critiqued are still commonly found. As a way of exploring this state of affairs, the case of μετάνοια (“repentance”) in New Testament studies is taken up in the first part of this article. The second part of the article considers the ways in which Barr’s thoroughgoing critique of its specious appropriation for theology has left many justifiably skittish about employing it to any significant effect and has contributed, perhaps, to a sense that ongoing engagement with the original languages of biblical literature is not a necessity and, certainly, not an avenue to creative scholarship. Examples will be adduced from biblical Hebrew ידע (“know”), לב (“heart”), and אהב (“love”) for how we might approach language and its deployment as a way of engaging difference, in this case, in and through ancient Israelite thinking about “mind” and “emotions.” The article concludes with the suggestion that we might move the practice of philology forward in biblical studies by attending more fully to the positionality of its practitioners. In particular, what emerges throughout the study is the dominance of a certain interiorizing language of the self, whereby biblical Hebrew terms are made to conform to a modern dichotomy of mind and body.
Laterality and Plantar Pressure Distribution During Gait in Healthy Children
Authors: Zverev Yury 
Published: July 2016

In a recent paper, Mayolas Pi, Arrese, Aparicio, and Masià reported the absence of significant bilateral differences between legs in the average plantar pressure during walking in six- to seven-year-old children. However, the authors demonstrated bilateral differences in the distribution of plantar pressure during walking independent of foot preference in three tests: kicking a ball with precision, balancing on one foot, and jumping on one foot. From the results, Mayolas Pi et al. proposed that this asymmetric pattern of plantar pressure distribution is not caused by laterality. This paper suggests that the selected age range of participants and methods of diagnosing of laterality and data analysis could have significant effects on the results. Indeed, according to the literature, laterality in humans is a multidimensional trait with poor stabilization and conformity between different dimensions in preschool and younger school children.
Giving hope, ticking boxes or securing services? A qualitative study of respiratory physiotherapists’ views on goal-setting with people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Summers Rachael H , Ballinger Claire , Nikoletou Dimitra , Garrod Rachel , Bruton Anne , Leontowitsch Miranda 
Published: July 2016

Objective: To explore respiratory physiotherapists’ views and experiences of using goal-setting with people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rehabilitation settings. Participants: A total of 17 respiratory physiotherapists with ⩾12 months current or previous experience of working with patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a non-acute setting. Participants were diverse in relation to age (25–49 years), sex (13 women), experience (Agenda for Change bands 6–8) and geographic location. Method: Data were collected via face-to-face qualitative in-depth interviews (40–70 minutes) using a semi-structured interview guide. Interview locations were selected by participants (included participants’ homes, public places and University). Interviews followed an interview guide, were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data Analysis: Data were analysed using thematic analysis; constant comparison was made within and between accounts, and negative case analysis was used. Results: Three themes emerged through the process of analysis: (1) ‘Explaining goal-setting’; (2) ‘Working with goals’; and (3) ‘Influences on collaborative goal-setting’. Goal-setting practices among respiratory physiotherapists varied considerably. Collaborative goal-setting was described as challenging and was sometimes driven by service need rather than patient values. Lack of training in collaborative goal-setting at both undergraduate and postgraduate level was also seen as an issue. Conclusion: Respiratory physiotherapists reflected uncertainties around the use of goal-setting in their practice, and conflict between patients’ goals and organisational demands. This work highlights a need for wider discussion to clarify the purpose and implementation of goal-setting in respiratory rehabilitation.
Systematic review of behavioral and educational interventions to prevent pressure ulcers in adults with spinal cord injury
Authors: Cogan Alison M , Blanchard Jeanine , Garber Susan L , Vigen Cheryl LP , Carlson Mike , Clark Florence A 
Published: July 2016

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of behavioral or educational interventions in preventing pressure ulcers in community-dwelling adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). Data sources: Cochrane, Clinical Trials, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched in June 2016. The search combined related terms for pressure ulcers, spinal cord injury, and behavioral intervention. Each database was searched from its inception with no restrictions on year of publication. Review methods: Inclusion criteria required that articles were (a) published in a peer-reviewed journal in English, (b) evaluated a behavioral or educational intervention for pressure ulcer prevention, (c) included community-dwelling adult participants aged 18 years and older with SCI, (d) measured pressure ulcer occurrence, recurrence, or skin breakdown as an outcome, and (e) had a minimum of 10 participants. All study designs were considered. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts. Extracted information included study design, sample size, description of the intervention and control condition, pressure ulcer outcome measures, and corresponding results. Results: The search strategy yielded 444 unique articles of which five met inclusion criteria. Three were randomized trials and two were quasi-experimental designs. A total of 513 participants were represented. The method of pressure ulcer or skin breakdown measurement varied widely among studies. Results on pressure ulcer outcomes were null in all studies. Considerable methodological problems with recruitment, intervention fidelity, and participant adherence were reported. Conclusions: At present, there is no positive evidence to support the efficacy of behavioral or educational interventions in preventing pressure ulcer occurrence in adults with SCI.
Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders with the Alpha-1 Adrenergic Antagonist Prazosin
Authors: Simon Philippe Yves Rémy , Rousseau Pierre-François 
Published: July 2016

Objective: The present review aims to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of the α-1-adrenergic antagonist prazosin as primary pharmacologic treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Method: A systematic review was performed using keywords (i.e., prazosin, α-1-adrenergic antagonist, α-1-blocker, post-traumatic stress disorder) in the databases PubMed/Medline (1966–May 2016), Embase (1966–May 2016), ScienceDirect (1823–May 2016), OvidSP (1946–May 2016) and Nature (1845–May 2016). To be considered for inclusion, studies had to test the efficacy of prazosin either alone or added to ongoing treatment in adults with PTSD, use validated tools to assess and monitor the disorders, allow comparisons on the basis of univariate analyses (i.e., p-values of t-tests and effect sizes) and list the identified adverse reactions. Results: 12 studies were included: 5 randomized controlled trials, 4 open-label prospective trials and 3 retrospective file reviews. The evaluation concerned 276 patients exposed to civilian trauma (19%) or war trauma (81%). Prazosin significantly decreases trauma nightmares, avoidance, hypervigilance and improves patient status in all studies. No significant difference of blood pressure was observed at the end of trials. Conclusions: Beyond the methodological and clinical biases of these studies, the present review not only confirms the effectiveness and good tolerability of prazosin, but also suggests its possible use as primary pharmacologic treatment for PTSD. Uncertainties remain, however, regarding the prescription modalities and dosages.
Personal destination pattern analysis with applications to mobile advertising
Authors: Barzaiq Osama O. , Loke Seng W. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMany researchers expect mobile advertising to be the killer application in mobile business. In this paper, we introduce a trajectory prediction algorithm called personal destination pattern analysis () to analyse the different destinations in various trajectories of an individual, and to predict a trajectory or a set of destinations that could be visited by that individual. The algorithm works on an individual level. Every destination-pattern analysis is related to the self-history and the personal profile of a targeted individual, not on what others do. In addition, we developed a prototype system called SmartShopper. SmartShopper is a personal destination-pattern-aware pervasive system for mobile advertising in (outdoor and indoor) retail environments. The predicted destinations from the algorithm will be used by SmartShopper to generate a list of relevant advertisements adapted to the personal profile of previous destinations of a targeted individual. We tested the destination prediction accuracy of the algorithm with a synthetic dataset of a virtual mall and a real GPS dataset.
Reliability of Self Reported Sexual Behaviour History
Authors: Dareng Eileen O. , Adebamowo Sally N. , Eseyin Olabimpe , Odutola Michael , Adebamowo Clement A. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract 66 Sexual behaviour is an important risk factor for HPV associated cancers, which include nearly all cervical cancers, most anal cancers, and many oropharyngeal, vaginal, vulvar and penile cancers. However, in studies assessing risk of sexual behaviour and disease in low and middle income countries, there are often questions about the validity of self-reported sexual behaviour. In this study, we evaluate the reliability of self-reported sexual history among participants in a cervical cancer and HPV study in Nigeria. We studied 720 participants in a prospective cohort. We collected general sexuality and specific sexual practices information at study entry and administered the same questions at follow up after a mean period of 8.6 months. To assess reliability, we used the root mean squared approach to calculate within-person coefficient of variation(CVw) and calculated the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) using a two way, mixed effects model (continuous variables) and κ statistics (discrete variables). Of the 720 participants, 48.1% were HIV+, 49.2% were HIV- and 2.8% were unaware of their status. Agreement was higher for HIV- women than HIV+ women. Agreement for ever engaged in oral sex was moderate for HIV- women (κ = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.49 – 0.70) and fair for HIV+ women (κ = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.24 – 0.54). Similarly, agreement for ever engaging in anal sex was good among HIV- women (κ = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.10 – 0.83) and poor among HIV+ women (κ = 0.19, 95%CI = 0.10 – 0.60). Overall, the within person variability for age at sexual debut for vaginal sex (CVw =10.7, 95%CI = 10.6 – 10.7) and oral sex (CVw= 11.5, 95%CI = 11.5 – 11.6) was low. In contrast, the variability was much higher for lifetime number of partners for vaginal sex (CVw =35.2, 95% CI = 35.1 – 35.3) and oral sex (CVw = 34.0, 95%CI = 34.0– 34.1). We found report of sexual behaviour was more reliable among HIV- women than HIV+ women, and self-report of ever engaged in a sexual practice and age at initiation were more reliable than reports of frequency or number of partners. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from the authors.
Adapting CryoPen, a Non-Gas Based Cryotherapy System for Use in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Cremer Miriam , Maza Mauricio , Zevallos Albert , Alvarez Manuel , Taxa Luis , Castle Philip E. , Alonzo Todd , Felix Juan 
Published: July 2016

Abstract 45 Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Two point-of-care technologies that address the treatment gap are the LMIC-adapted CryoPen, with a core temperature of approximately −95°C, and the thermocoagulator, with a probe temperature of 100-120°C. Since there is scant data on the extent of CIN involvement in an underscreened population, determining mean cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) depth in an underscreened population will establish the depth of necrosis (DON) that ablative techniques need to achieve. The study aimed to establish the maximum depth of involvement of CIN3 and test whether the LMIC-adapted CryoPen and thermocoagulator reach the DON established as necessary for eradicating CIN3. Methods: A convenience sample of 107 CIN3 cases were reviewed by a pathologist at the National Cancer Institute (INEN, Peru) and a U.S. pathologist. Ten women had ablative procedures before non-cervical pathology indicated hysterectomy: a five-minute freeze with the CryoPen (n=5), or a 60-second, 100°C application of the thermocoagulator (n=5). The pathologists measured mean depth of involvement in the CIN3 cases and the local pathologist, blinded to ablative technique, measured maximum DON in both lips. Results: Mean depth of CIN3 involvement was 2.0mm among 107 cases. Mean depth was ≤3.0mm among 79.4%; ≤3.5mm among 89.7%; ≤4.0mm among 93.5%; and ≥5.0mm among 6.5%. The maximum DON achieved by the LMIC-adapted CryoPen was ≥3.0 in 80% of cases; ≥3.5mm in 80%; ≥4.0mm in 80%; ≥4.5mm in 40%; and ≥5.0mm in 20%. The maximum DON achieved by the thermocoagulator was ≥3.0mm in 80% of cases; ≥3.5mm in 80%; ≥4.0mm in 20%; and ≥4.5mm in 20%. Conclusion: The pathology review of CIN3 cases showed that 90% of CIN3 would be eradicated if DON reached at least 3.5mm. The mean DON of both the LMIC-adapted CryoPen and thermocoagulator exceeded 3.5mm. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: Miriam Cremer No relationship to disclose Mauricio Maza No relationship to disclose Albert Zevallos No relationship to disclose Manuel Alvarez No relationship to disclose Luis Taxa No relationship to disclose Philip E. Castle Honoraria: Roche Cepheid Consulting or Advisory Role: Cepheid, GE Healthcare, Guided Therapeutics, ClearPath, Merck, Genticel, Teva, Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Hologic Todd Alonzo No relationship to disclose Juan Felix No relationship to disclose
Cancer Screening Program Using Technology Assisted Learning
Authors: Hariprasad Roopa , Mehrotra Ravi 
Published: July 2016

Abstract 29 There is an estimated burden of over 1 million individuals who were diagnosed with cancer in India in 2012. The three most commonly occurring cancers in India are breast, uterine cervix and oral cancers, together accounting for one third of India’s cancer burden. All three are usually detectable at early stages, and malignancies of the oral cavity and cervix have precancerous stages that are amenable to secondary prevention. Therefore, screening and early detection of these three cancers will help to markedly reduce the cancer burden in India. The technology used in this project is the ECHO (Extension for Community Health Outcomes) model of the University of New Mexico. ECHO clinics are supported by basic, widely available teleconferencing technology. It links expert specialist teams at an academic ‘hub’ with primary care clinicians in local communities – the ‘spokes’ of the model. This pilot project is being conducted at the primary health centre (PHC) Gumballi, a tribal village in Karnataka. We are incorporating cancer screening program in the existing infrastructure and manpower in-country, using the ECHO model. The Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICPO) helps in empowering the community health workers (CHWs) at the PHC to conduct cancer screening of the population covered by the PHC. We have used two modes of training health care providers: Initial face-to-face training on cancer screening tests, allowing for hands-on training and practice of skills. ICPO staff visited Gumballi and provided 4 days of intensive training to the community health workers in screening of oral, breast and cervical cancer. Subsequently, fortnightly, ECHO clinics are being conducted to include reiteration of the training, discussing patient cases, resource sharing and expert presentations. To date, the CHWs have screened 11,342 individuals for oral, breast and cervical cancer, out of the 16,042 eligible population. The screen positives and suspicious cases are being evaluated and treated by a team of specialists from the Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, which is a tertiary care centre for cancer treatment in that region. This pilot study proves that the cancer screening is feasible at the primary health network with the existing resources which can be replicated to the larger masses and subsequently to the whole country. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from either author.
Willingness to Stop Growing of Tobacco in Uganda
Authors: Karemani Adelaine , Nuwaha Fred 
Published: July 2016

Abstract 10 Background: Tobacco use is the leading cause of premature death and disability in both developed and developing countries. One aspect of tobacco control is convincing farmers to stop tobacco production. Because tobacco is a key contributor to the agricultural economy of many communities, we explored the conflict between tobacco production and public health in the current study. This project aims to assess the willingness of tobacco farmers in Uganda to stop growing tobacco. Methods: A cross-sectional interview survey was conducted with an interviewer administered questionnaire. Participants in the study were active tobacco farmers in 12 villages of Kanungu district (n = 528) and were interviewed in May and June of 2013 to assess their willingness to stop growing tobacco. Results: Most farmers (61.7%) grew tobacco only as a cash crop and had no supplemental income. A total of 198 (37.5%) of the farmers were willing to stop growing tobacco. Ninety-two respondents mentioned coffee as a replacement for tobacco and 106 mentioned rice. Barriers for replacement were that tobacco is highly profitable (n=172) and that the soil (n=175) and or weather (n=22) cannot sustain any other crop besides tobacco. Willingness to stop growing tobacco was more likely among farmers who said that tobacco use causes respiratory diseases and who received less than less than $300 U.S. dollars from tobacco sales in the previous season. On the other hand, agreeing that tobacco is profitable decreased the likelihood of willingness to stop growing tobacco. Conclusions: Most farmers earned income from tobacco only, and one in three were willing to stop growing tobacco. In order to increase willingness to stop growing tobacco, there is a need to educate farmers on health consequences of tobacco and increase the perception among farmers that other crops may be more profitable than tobacco. These measures should target farmers who receive more money from tobacco sales. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from either author.
Quality of Cancer Registry Data: Botswana Experience, Demonstrating Improvements Over Time
Authors: Pusoentsi Malebogo , Shatera Bame P. , Motlogi Setlogelo , Monagen Tuduetso , Tapela Neo , Masupe Tiny , Medhin Heluf G. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract 69 Background: One of the challenges to addressing the growing burden of cancer in low- and middle-income countries is insufficient data and limitations in quality of cancer registries. The Botswana National Cancer Registry (BNCR), first established in 1999, is an IARC-endorsed population-based registry covering a population of 2.1 million. Here we assess BNCR's data quality over time. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of BNCR data that was collected between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2010. We assessed basis of cancer diagnosis, as well as key data quality indices (completeness, consistency, uniqueness, and accuracy) over two time periods: 2005–2007 and 2008–2010. We assessed cancer incidence and distribution during this time period, and reviewed Botswana Ministry of Health operational documents to identify major health care initiatives that may have had a bearing on cancer registry data quality. Results: In total, 8,938 cancer cases were registered 2005-2010. Kaposi sarcoma was the most commonly diagnosed cancer (n=1766, 19.4%), followed by cervical cancer (n=1252, 13.8%) and then breast cancer (n=801, 8.8%). During 2005-2007, 79% of all cancers were morphologically verified and 6% of were verified by death certificate alone. By 2008-2010, 89% of cancers were morphologically verified while none (0%) were verified by death certificate alone. There was a marked difference for basis of Kaposi sarcoma diagnosis (26% in 2005-2007, 43.8% 2008-2010), which changed from mainly clinical to pathology-based diagnosis. Factors that have contributed to this improvement include targeted initiatives such as clinician training, as well as broader health system developments such as general laboratory diagnostic capacitation that has facilitated use of histopathology services for cancer. Conclusion: BNCR data quality has improved over the years. These improvements enhance utility of cancer registry data for healthcare planning, and highlight the merit of cross-cutting health systems strengthening developments. This assessment, and the initiatives that have contributed to BNCR data improvement may be relevant to cancer registries in similar settings. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from the authors.