bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the efficacy of first aid treatments for burn injuries using mathematical modelling and in vivo porcine experiments
Authors: Simpson Matthew J , McInerney Sean , Carr Elliot J , Cuttle Leila 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFirst aid treatment of burn injuries reduces scarring and improves healing. Here, we quantify the efficacy of various first aid treatments by using a mathematical model to describe a suite of experimental data from a series of in vivo porcine experiments. We study a series of consistent burn injuries that are subject to first aid treatments that vary in both the temperature and duration of the first aid treatment. Calibrating the mathematical model to the experimental data provides estimates of the in vivo thermal diffusivity, the rate at which thermal energy is lost to the blood (perfusion), and the heat transfer coefficient controlling the loss of thermal energy at the interface of the fat and muscle layers. A limitation of working with in vivo animal experiments is the difficulty of resolving spatial variations in temperature across the tissues. Here, we use the solution of the calibrated mathematical model to predict and visualise the temperature distribution across the thickness of the tissue during the creation of the burn injury and the application of various first aid treatments. Using this information we propose, and report values for, a novel measure of the potential for tissue damage. This measure quantifies two important aspects that are thought to be related to thermal injury: (i) the volume of tissue that rises above the threshold temperature associated with the accumulation of tissue damage; and, (ii) the duration of time that the tissue remains above this threshold temperature. We conclude by discussing the clinical relevance of our findings.
Leaf rolling as indicator of water stress inCistus incanusfrom different provenances
Authors: Puglielli Giacomo , Gratani Loretta , Varone Laura 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThe relationship between leaf rolling and physiological traits under imposed water stress conditions was analyzed inC. incanusrepresentative saplings collected at different altitudes (i.e. Castelporziano, 41°45′N, 12°26′E, 0 m a.s.l. and Natural Park of Monti Lucretili, 42°33′N, 12°54′E, 750 m a.s.l) and grownex-situ.The hypothesis that leaf rolling reflected physiological changes occurring during water stress irrespective to the different acclimation to cope with water stress was tested.On the whole, the results show that leaf rolling is associated to an increased sub-stomatal CO2concentration (Ci) and a decreased carboxylation efficiency (Ce). Moreover, leaf rolling inC. incanusleaves might be involved in protecting the PSII complex under water stress during the progressive inhibition of photosynthetic metabolism.
The Ndc80 complex targets Bod1 to human mitotic kinetochores
Authors: Schleicher Katharina , Have Sara ten , Porter Iain M. , Swedlow Jason R. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRegulation of protein phosphatase activity by endogenous protein inhibitors is an important mechanism to control protein phosphorylation in cells. We recently identified Biorientation defective 1 (Bod1) as a small protein inhibitor of PP2A-B56. This phosphatase controls the amount of phosphorylation of mitotic kinetochore proteins and thus the establishment of load-bearing chromosome-spindle attachments in time for accurate separation of sister chromatids in mitosis. The PP2A-B56 regulatory protein Bod1 directly localises to mitotic kinetochores and is required for correct segregation of mitotic chromosomes. In this report, we have probed the spatio-temporal regulation of Bod1 during mitotic progression. Kinetochore localisation of Bod1 increases from nuclear envelope breakdown until metaphase. Phosphorylation of Bod1 at threonine 95 (T95), which increases Bod1’s binding and inhibition of PP2A-B56, peaks in prometaphase, when PP2A-B56 localisation to kinetochores is highest. Kinetochore targeting of Bod1 depends on the outer kinetochore protein Ndc80 and not PP2A-B56. Additionally, Bod1 depletion leads to a defect in the phosphorylation kinetics of Ndc80 at serine 55 (S55) within its N-terminus. Therefore, Ndc80 recruits a phosphatase inhibitor to kinetochores which directly feeds forward to regulate Ndc80 phosphorylation and the stability of the attachments of microtubules to kinetochores.
Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer patient with TP53 tumor mutation experienced 11 months progression-free survival on bortezomib monotherapy without adverse events after ending standard treatments with grade 3 adverse events
Authors: Meißner Tobias , Mark Adam , Williams Casey , Berdel Wolfgang E. , Wiebe Stephanie , Kerkhoff Andrea , Wardelmann Eva , Gaiser Timo , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Rosenstiel Philip , Arnold Norbert , Leyland-Jones Brian , Franke Andre , Stanulla Martin , Forster Michael 
Published: April 2017

A triple-negative breast cancer patient had no hereditary BRCA1, BRCA2, or TP53 risk variants. After exhaustion of standard treatments, she underwent experimental treatments and whole-exome sequencing of tumor, blood, and a metastasis. Well-tolerated experimental bortezomib monotherapy was administered for a progression-free period of 11 mo. After progression, treatments were changed and the exome data were evaluated, expanded with RNA and exome sequencing of a late-stage metastasis. In the final stage, eribulin alone and in combination with anthracyclines were administered. While suffering from grade 3 adverse events, skin metastases progressed. She lived 51 mo after initial diagnosis.Toxicity from anthracyclines and cisplatin may have been due to associated germline variants CBR3 C4Y and V224M and GSTP1 I105V, respectively. Somatic mutations predicted or reported as pathogenic were detected in 38 genes in tumor tissues. All tumor samples harbored the heterozygous TP53 Y220C variant, known to destabilize p53 and down-regulate p53-mediated apoptosis. The success of bortezomib may be explained by the previously reported up-regulation of caspase-mediated apoptosis, which is p53-independent. Phylogenetic analysis of blood, primary tumor, and two metastases inferred an ancestral tumor cell with 12 expressed tumor mutations from which all three tumors may have evolved.Although our first urgent analysis could only include 40 genes, postmortem analysis uncovered the aggressiveness and suggested experimental therapies including 16 actionable targets, partly validated by immunohistochemistry. Exome and transcriptome analyses yielded comprehensive therapy-relevant information and should be considered for patients at first diagnosis.
Digital competences of the workforce – a research topic?
Authors: Murawski Matthias , Bick Markus 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
Considering working in the digital age, questions on the consequences for the individual workers are, so far, often neglected. The purpose of this paper is to deal with the question of whether the digital competences of the workforce is a research topic. The authors argue for the thesis that it is indeed a research topic.

Design/methodology/approach
In addition to a literature analysis of the top IS, HR, and learning publications, non-scientific sources, as well as the opinions of the authors, are included. The authors’ thesis is challenged through a debate of corresponding pros and cons.

Findings
The definition of digital competences lacks scientific depth. Focussing on the workforce is valid, as a “lifelong” perspective is not mandatory for research. Digital competence research is a multidisciplinary task to which the IS field can make a valuable contribution.

Research limitations/implications
Although relevant references are included, some aspects are mainly driven by the opinions of the authors. The theoretical implications encompass a call for a scientific definition of digital competences. Furthermore, scholars should focus on the competences of the workforce, including occupations, roles, or industries. The authors conclude by providing a first proposal of a research agenda.

Practical implications
The practical implications include the alignment of multiple stakeholders for the design of “digital” curricula and the integration by HR departments of the construct of digital competences, e.g. for compensation matters and job requirements.

Originality/value
This paper is one of very few contributions in the area of the digital competences of the workforce, and it presents a starting point for future research activities.
A big data framework for facilitating product innovation processes
Authors: Zhan Yuanzhu , Tan Kim Hua , Ji Guojun , Chung Leanne , Tseng Minglang 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to suggest how firms could use big data to facilitate product innovation processes, by shortening the time to market, improving customers’ product adoption and reducing costs.Design/methodology/approachThe research is based on a two-step approach. First, this research identifies four potential key success factors for organisations to integrate big data in accelerating their product innovation processes. The proposed factors are further examined and developed by conducting interviews with different organisation experts and academic researchers. Then a framework is developed based on the interview outputs. The framework sets out the key success factors involved in leveraging big data to reduce lead times and costs in product innovation processes.FindingsThe three determined key success factors are: accelerated innovation process; customer connection; and an ecosystem of innovation. The authors believe that the developed framework based on big data represents a paradigm shift. It can help firms to make new product development dramatically faster and less costly.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed accelerated innovation processes demand a shift in traditional organisational culture and practices. It is, though, meaningful only for products and services with short life cycles. Moreover, the framework has not yet been widely tested.Practical implicationsThis paper points to the vital role of big data in helping firms to accelerate product innovation processes. First of all, it allows organisations to launch new products to market as quickly as possible. Second, it helps organisations to determine the weaknesses of the product earlier in the development cycle. Third, it allows functionalities to be added to a product that customers are willing to pay a premium for, while eliminating features they do not want. Last, but not least, it identifies and then prioritises customer needs for specific markets.Originality/valueThe research shows that firms could harvest external knowledge and import ideas across organisational boundaries. An accelerated innovation process based on big data is characterised by a multidimensional process involving intelligence efforts, relentless data collection and flexible working relationships with team members.
Employees’ reactions to IT-enabled process innovations in the age of data analytics in healthcare
Authors: Bala Hillol , Venkatesh Viswanath 
Published: April 2017

PurposeInterorganizational business process standards (IBPS) are IT-enabled process specifications that standardize, streamline, and improve business processes related to interorganizational relationships. There has been much interest in IBPS as organizations from different industries implement these process standards that lead to successful organizational outcomes by integrating and standardizing intra- and inter-organizational business processes. These process standards enable data analytics capabilities by facilitating new sources of interorganizational process data. The purpose of this paper is to unearth employees’ reactions to a new type of supply chain process innovations that involved an implementation of new IBPS, a supply chain management (SCM) system, and associated analytics capabilities.Design/methodology/approachThe authors gathered and analyzed qualitative data for a year from the employees of a healthcare supplier, a high-tech manufacturing organization, during the implementation of a SCM system and RosettaNet-based IBPS.FindingsIn what the authors termed the initiation stage, there was quite a bit of confusion and unrest among employees regarding the relevance of the new process standards and associated analytics capabilities. With the passage of time, in the institutionalization stage, although the situation improved slightly, employees found workarounds that allowed them to appropriate just part of specific processes and the analytics capabilities. Finally, once routinized, employees felt comfortable in the situation but still did not appropriate the new supply chain processes faithfully. Overall, employees’ reactions toward the SCM system and associated analytics capabilities were different from their reactions toward the new business processes.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature by offering novel insights on how employees react to and appropriate process innovations that change their work processes.
Influence of organizational culture and leadership style on employee satisfaction, commitment and motivation in the educational sector in Qatar
Authors: Al-Sada Maryam , Al-Esmael Bader , Faisal Mohd. Nishat 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of organizational culture and leadership style on employees’ job satisfaction, organizational commitment and work motivation in the educational sector in the state of Qatar.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted using a questionnaire with a sample size of 364 employees in the educational sector in Qatar. Data were analyzed using factor analysis, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression, were employed to examine the relationships between the variables under investigation.FindingsSignificant positive relationships were observed between supportive culture and job satisfaction; supportive culture and organizational commitment; participative-supportive leadership and job satisfaction; directive leadership and job satisfaction; job satisfaction and work motivation; job satisfaction and organizational commitment.Practical implicationsThis paper would help managers and policy-makers in the education sector to develop a better understanding of organizational culture and leadership styles and their influence on employee satisfaction, commitment and motivation.Originality/valueThe education sector is experiencing a fast growth in Qatar due to significant outlays by the government. This study is among the first in the country to understand the variables affecting employees’ performance in education sector.
Leader narcissism and subordinate embeddedness
Authors: Erkutlu Hakan Vahit , Chafra Jamel 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between leader narcissism (LN) and subordinate embeddedness as well as to test the moderating roles of moral attentiveness (MA) and behavioral integrity (BI) on that very relationship.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 19 five-star hotels in Turkey. The sample included 1,613 employees along with their first-line managers. The moderating roles of MA and BI on the LN and subordinate embeddedness relationship were tested using the moderated hierarchical regression analysis.FindingsThe moderated hierarchical regression analysis results revealed that there was a significant negative relationship between LN and subordinate embeddedness. In addition, this very relation was weaker when both MA and BI were higher than when they were lower.Practical implicationsThis study showed that employee perception of LN decreased employee’s job embeddedness (JE). The study findings point out the importance of reinforcing an ethical context as well as the importance of leader selection. Specifically, in order to ensure that narcissistic leaders do not thrive in organizations, it is significant to maintain an ethical context. Whether the context is ethical, unethical, or interpersonally ineffective, behaviors will likely be more salient and evaluated more negatively by coworkers. On the other hand, when narcissistic leaders are inserted in organizations with unethical contexts, the result is a perfect storm that reinforces narcissists’ unethical behaviors and potentially promotes narcissistic leaders. Still, it is likely that narcissists exhibit unethical and ineffective behaviors regardless of the ethical context, meaning that an ethical context does not necessarily prevent narcissistic leaders from behaving ineffectively and unethically. Thus, the implementation of management selection geared toward targeting precursors of unethical behaviors is an equally vital strategy to prevent unethical behaviors on the part of organizational leaders.Originality/valueThe study provides new insights into the influence that LN may have on subordinate JE and the moderating roles of MA and BI in the link between LN and JE. The paper also offers a practical assistance to employees in the hospitality industry and their leaders interested in building trust and increasing leader-subordinate relationship and JE.
The mediating effects of adaptive selling and commitment on the relationship between management control and sales performance
Authors: Altıntas Füsun , Kurtulmusoglu Feride Bahar , Altintas Murat Hakan , Kaufmann Hans-Rudiger , Alkibay Sanem 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive model of the relationship between control and sales performance contingent upon the commitment and adaptive selling variables. Specifically, the study tests the mediator effects of adaptive selling and organizational commitment on the effect of managerial control systems on self-assessed performance of the salespeople working in the field of industrial marketing.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 472 firms active in the industrial marketing field for tangible industry products in Turkey were selected for the research. The proposed model that tested posits relationships among management control variables and adaptive selling, organizational commitment and sales performance measures. Management controls are related to sales performance through the mediating effect of adaptive selling and organizational commitment. Management control styles (output as formal and professional as informal) were the independent variables, while changes in organizational commitment and adaptive selling were tested both as mediators and sales performance as dependent variable, consistent with the reciprocal effects model under analysis.FindingsThe findings demonstrated that “control” is positively associated with “sales performance” and “commitment” and “adaptive selling” mediate this relationship. Findings indicate that control impacts sales performance through a mediating mechanism that involves adaptive selling and commitment. Taken together, results showed that adaptive selling and commitment played a critical role in sales performance.Originality/valueThis research is the first to empirically analyse the model regarding the relationship between sales performance, control, adaptive selling and commitment variables.
Who can have it all and how?
Authors: Mills Maura J. , Grotto Angela R. 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThis study aims to examine senior executives’ work–life (WL) experiences, perceptions and consequences in light of leader gender.Design/methodology/approachMulti-wave data were collected from 133 executives at a large, global technology company. Time 1 assessed need for and usage of flexibility options (flextime, telework and compressed work week), organizational support and work-to-home interference (WHI); Time 2 yielded supervisor-rated performance; and Time 3 assessed commitment.FindingsLeader gender interacted with childcare and eldercare in predicting organizational support: female leaders perceived less WHI for both types of care demands. Leader gender interacted with eldercare (but not childcare) in predicting the need for flexibility: female leaders reported necessitating less flexibility for eldercare, despite males’ higher perceived interference. Leaders of both genders indicated lower interference when they perceived organizational support, and higher organizational commitment when interference was low and when their employer satisfied their flexibility needs. Hearteningly, performance reviews were not more negative for employees with flexibility needs or using flexibility policies.Practical implicationsThis research yields important implications, including empirical justification for WL management initiatives being extended to include men as well as women, and expanded for both genders. This is particularly true for leaders, as high-level employees report especially intense workloads and unclear boundaries between domains.Originality/valueAs gender, work and family roles continue to evolve, research must keep pace with evaluating those trajectories in light of research and practice. This study contributes to filling the gap at that intersection, with a focus on senior executives, a unique but oft-neglected group.
Linking leader anti-prototypes and prototypes to gender stereotypes
Authors: Powell Gary N. , Butterfield D. Anthony 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThis study aims to examine factors that may explain the status of women in management by exploring the linkages between leader anti-prototypes and prototypes to gender stereotypes.Design/methodology/approachSamples from two populations described either a “bad manager” (representing leader anti-prototypes) or a “good manager” (representing leader prototypes) on two instruments that assessed masculinity and femininity.FindingsOn each instrument, masculinity was endorsed more than femininity in both leader prototypes and anti-prototypes. Both masculinity and femininity were endorsed more in leader prototypes than leader anti-prototypes but only when the purpose of the instrument was disguised rather than transparent.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of a single data collection method, the nature of the samples and a newly designed scale for purposes of the study are acknowledged. Further attention to the linkages of leader anti-prototypes and prototypes to gender stereotypes and the outcomes of these linkages is recommended.Practical implicationsIndividuals who make managerial selection and promotion decisions may devote more attention to the presence or absence of masculine traits in candidates than to the presence or absence of feminine traits, thereby leading to female candidates being passed over and male candidates receiving greater scrutiny in determining who gets ahead.Social implicationsThe study suggests cognitive mechanisms that may influence the status of women in management.Originality/valueThe study incorporates leader anti-prototypes and leader prototypes to explain the low status of women in management.
Framework of personalized clothing visualization
Authors: Zhu Xin-juan , Wu Xue , Shi Xin , Xu Bu-gao 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The Web 3D virtual display technology for personalized clothing based on Unity3D is studied in this paper. The framework of the technology is described. The development steps including personalized clothing design and modeling, interaction and virtual display technology based on Unity3D are given out. The purpose of this paper is to provide a feasible technical route and support for the virtual display for the customized products.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper opted for an exploratory study using the open-ended approach of grounded theory, including the Web 3D virtual display technology for personalized clothing based on Unity3D.

Findings
A feasible technical route for the virtual display of the customized products is provides in this paper.

Originality/value
This paper fulfills a software and has practical use.