bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Trochlear Dysplasia on Outcomes After Isolated Soft Tissue Stabilization for Patellar Instability
Authors: Hiemstra Laurie A. , Kerslake Sarah , Loewen Michael , Lafave Mark 
Published: March 2016

Background: Trochlear dysplasia is a well-described risk factor for patellofemoral instability. Despite its clear association with the incidence of patellar instability, it is unclear whether the presence of high-grade trochlear dysplasia influences clinical outcome after patellofemoral stabilization. Purpose: To determine whether isolated proximal soft tissue stabilization for patellofemoral instability is as successful in patients with high-grade dysplasia compared with low-grade or no dysplasia, as measured by disease-specific quality-of-life and pain scores. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 277 patellofemoral stabilization procedures were performed during the study period. An isolated stabilization was performed in 233 patients, and 203 of these patients (87%) had adequate lateral radiographs and complete Banff Patella Instability Instrument (BPII) scores available for assessment. Of these, 152 patients underwent a medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFL-R) and 51 patients received a medial patellofemoral ligament imbrication (MPFL-I). There were 21 patients with no trochlear dysplasia, 89 patients with low-grade dysplasia (Dejour type A), and 93 patients with high-grade dysplasia (Dejour types B-D). An independent-samples t test was used to determine the difference between the pre- and postoperative BPII scores. A Spearman rho correlation was calculated between 3 trochlear dysplasia groups and the BPII scores at a mean 24 months after patellofemoral stabilization. An independent-samples t test was used to assess the influence of trochlear bump size on outcomes by stratifying data and assessing for a relationship to BPII scores. Results: The independent-samples t test demonstrated statistically significant improvements in pre- to postoperative BPII scores for both groups. The MPFL-R group improved from a mean BPII score of 24.36 to 65.16 ( P < .001), and the MPFL-I group improved from a mean of 28.92 to 73.45 ( P < .01). For the MPFL-R patient cohort, the Spearman rho correlation demonstrated a significant relationship between postoperative BPII scores and presence of a trochlear bump and degree of dysplasia ( P ≤ .05). Overall, a trochlear bump of ≥5 mm was associated with lower postoperative BPII scores ( t(193) = 2.65, η2 = 0.04). Conclusion: This research has established a statistically significant correlation between trochlear dysplasia and disease-specific outcomes after MPFL-R surgery. Overall, there was evidence of significant improvement in disease-specific quality-of-life scores after patellofemoral stabilization surgery. This study is the largest cohort reported to date and therefore adds substantially to the evidence that trochlear dysplasia is a significant risk factor for and predictor of outcome among patients with patellofemoral instability.
Double Burden of Undernutrition and Obesity in Palestinian Schoolchildren
Authors: Massad Salwa , Deckelbaum Richard J. , Gebre-Medhin Mehari , Holleran Steve , Dary Omar , Obeidi Maysoun , Bordelois Paula , Khammash Umaiyeh 
Published: March 2016

Background: The coexistence of underweight and overweight (double burden) remains a major problem in many developing countries. Little is known about the factors associated with the double burden of malnutrition in Palestinian children. Objective: To assess factors associated with undernutrition and overnutrition in 1500 schoolchildren aged 5 to 16 years, in the West Bank. Methods: We surveyed a sample of 22 schools run by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) and the Palestinian government. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with malnutrition. The hunger index, a composite score from 8 questions, was used to measure food insecurity. Results: In the 1484 children enrolled in UNRWA and government schools in the West Bank, the prevalence of stunting was 7% and underweight 3%. Around 12% of students were overweight and 6% obese. The hunger index was negatively associated with height for age. Factors associated with being underweight were male sex, mother being unemployed, and households not having enough food to eat for at least 2 days in the previous month. Factors associated with obesity were older age and time spent watching television. When overweight and obesity were combined in the analysis, they were inversely associated with increasing number of days spent playing sports. Conclusion: Our results show that the important nutritional risks for school-age children in the West Bank would seem to be the simultaneous occurrence of undernutrition and obesity. The study highlights the need to balance obesity management and prevention with interventions to tackle undernutrition.
Stable, synthetic analogs of diadenosine tetraphosphate inhibit rat and human P2X3 receptors and inflammatory pain
Authors: Viatchenko-Karpinski Viacheslav , Novosolova Natalia , Ishchenko Yevheniia , Azhar M Ameruddin , Wright Michael , Tsintsadze Vera , Kamal Ahmed , Burnashev Nail , Miller Andrew D , Voitenko Nana , Giniatullin Rashid , Lozovaya Natalia 
Published: March 2016

Background A growing body of evidence suggests that ATP-gated P2X3 receptors (P2X3Rs) are implicated in chronic pain. We address the possibility that stable, synthetic analogs of diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) might induce antinociceptive effects by inhibiting P2X3Rs in peripheral sensory neurons. Results The effects of two stable, synthetic Ap4A analogs (AppNHppA and AppCH2ppA) are studied firstly in vitro on HEK293 cells expressing recombinant rat P2XRs (P2X2Rs, P2X3Rs, P2X4Rs, and P2X7Rs) and then using native rat brain cells (cultured trigeminal, nodose, or dorsal root ganglion neurons). Thereafter, the action of these stable, synthetic Ap4A analogs on inflammatory pain and thermal hyperalgesia is studied through the measurement of antinociceptive effects in formalin and Hargreaves plantar tests in rats in vivo. In vitro inhibition of rat P2X3Rs (not P2X2Rs, P2X4Rs nor P2X7Rs) is shown to take place mediated by high-affinity desensitization (at low concentrations; IC50 values 100–250 nM) giving way to only weak partial agonism at much higher concentrations (EC50 values ≥ 10 µM). Similar inhibitory activity is observed with human recombinant P2X3Rs. The inhibitory effects of AppNHppA on nodose, dorsal root, and trigeminal neuron whole cell currents suggest that stable, synthetic Ap4A analogs inhibit homomeric P2X3Rs in preference to heteromeric P2X2/3Rs. Both Ap4A analogs mediate clear inhibition of pain responses in both in vivo inflammation models. Conclusions Stable, synthetic Ap4A analogs (AppNHppA and AppCH2ppA) being weak partial agonist provoke potent high-affinity desensitization-mediated inhibition of homomeric P2X3Rs at low concentrations. Therefore, both analogs demonstrate clear potential as potent analgesic agents for use in the management of chronic pain associated with heightened P2X3R activation.
Fractal Geometric Model of Microsurface
Authors: Иванов  , Ivanov G. , Брылкин  , Brylkin Yuriy 
Published: March 2016

The article is devoted to the construction of spatial
model of microsuface module of copper alloy. A real surface has a
characteristic roughness associated with the material creating technology,
so knowing the geometric parameters of the surface microstructure
is very important in studying properties such as microhardness,
friction, aero- and gas-dynamic resistance and catalytic
activity towards reactions of heterogeneous recombination of atoms
in the active centers. To obtain qualitative data on the microsuface
morphology, without imposing on the sample to stringent requirements,
used a scanning tunneling microscope. Building a model
creates a need to recreate the surface topology to study its geometrical
properties, expressed through the fractal dimension. Such
a simulation should help to study the interaction mechanism between
molecules of a rarefied gas with the flying vehicle surface in the
solution of gas dynamics problems associated with heat and mass
transfer. In MathCAD the calculation of geometric characteristics
of a spatial model from the standpoint of the fractal theory for the
formation of geometrical shapes and GOST 2789-73 requirements
to control their numerical parameters. The example of procedural
(algorithmic) construction of geometrical model equivalent to the
real is given. It is shown that with sufficient for practical applications
accuracy the surface topology can be described by the fractal
patterns that take into account irregularities, both at the micro and
nanoscale. The proposed algorithm makes it possible to broadcast
a method of creating a fractal structure at any detail level.
Its positive and negative features based on the midpoint displacement
modernized algorithm use are noted. The algorithm
correctness for modeling the other materials surfaces geometry is
shown.
Perioperative and Early Postoperative Outcome of Proximal Femoral Nailing for Stable and Unstable Trochanteric Fractures
Authors: Đorđević Nina , Stanojlović Miloš , Milenković Saša , Stojiljković Predrag , Kocić Mirjana , Golubović Ivan 
Published: March 2016

SummaryThe aim of the study was to analyze perioperative parameters as well as early postoperative period of patients with trochanteric fractures nailing in relation to the fracture stability.The prospective study included 46 patients with trochanteric fractures fixed with the third generation cephalomedullary nail. Two groups were formed - stable fractures (Group 1) and unstable fractures (Group 2). There were 20 patients in Group 1, and 26 in Group 2. All the patients underwent Bioimpianti “basic-nail” fracture fixation. Perioperative and early postoperative parameters were monitored and the groups were compared.The average duration of surgery in both groups was not significantly different. The number of patients needing transfusion as well as the average transfusion volume was similar in both groups. Average Intensive care unit (ICU) stay and hospitalization were longer in Group 1, though not significantly. In both groups, 80% of patients started early rehabilitation according to the protocol.Trochanteric fracture fixation with Bioimpianti “Basic-nail” is a minimally invasive, safe method, giving the similar perioperative and early postoperative outcome regardless of the fracture stability. It enables fast postoperative recovery and reduction of early postoperative complications.
Critical thickness of foam films stabilized by nonionic, ionic surfactants and their mixtures
Authors: Ivanova Dilyana Stefanova , Angarska Jana Krumova , Manev Emil Deyanov 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The critical thickness (hcr) for foam films of n-dodecyl β-D maltoside (C12G2) and of its mixed solutions with dodecanol (C12Е0), hexaethyleneglycol dodecyl ether (C12E6) and dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide (C12TAB) of different molar ratio (50:1; 1:1;1:50) at low and high ionic strength was measured interferometrically. It was found that the hcr increases with the increase of the film radius independently of solutions composition. At low ionic strength the type of surfactant affects the critical thickness and the equilibrium state of the film. hcr for the films of mixture with C12E0 increases with the increase of the total surfactant concentration, while hcr for the films of mixture with C12TAB decreases. For the values of the critical thicknesses for films from individual surfactant solutions the following sequence hcr (C12TAB) > hcr (C12E6) > hcr (C12G2) is found. At high ionic strength the quantity of nonionic additive does not substantially affect the value of hcr, while the quantity of ionic additive influences it by two different ways (i) in 50:1 mixture C12TAB supports C12G2 in the reducing of negative charge; (ii) in 1:1 mixture C12TAB recharges the film surfaces.
Stability conditions for linear continuous-time fractional-order state-delayed systems
Authors: Busłowicz M. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The stability problem of continuous-time linear fractional order systems with state delay is considered. New simple necessary and sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability are established. The conditions are given in terms of eigenvalues of the state matrix and time delay. It is shown that in the complex plane there exists such a region that location in this region of all eigenvalues of the state matrix multiplied by delay in power equal to the fractional order is necessary and sufficient for the asymptotic stability. Parametric description of boundary of this region is derived and simple new analytic necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability are given. Moreover, it is shown that the stability of the fractional order system without delay is necessary for the stability of this system with delay. The considerations are illustrated by a numerical example.
Descriptor fractional discrete-time linear system with two different fractional orders and its solution
Authors: Sajewski Ł. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Factional Discrete-time linear systems with fractional different orders are addressed. The Weierstrass-Kronecker decomposition theorem of the regular pencil is extended to the descriptor fractional discrete-time linear system with different fractional orders. Using the extension, method for finding the solution of the state equation is derived. Effectiveness of the method is demonstrated on a numerical example.
Energy-optimal current distribution in a complex linear electrical network with pulse or periodic voltage and current signals. Optimal control
Authors: Siwczyński M. , Żaba S. , Drwal A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The article presents that in the circuits of electrical signals belonging to the L1-impulses space or periodic signals space, real distribution of electrical currents occurs which does not meet the principle of minimum energy losses. The paper presents a solution of this problem by using the control system in the form of current-dependent voltage sources entering it into a meshes set of a complex RLC network. It has been shown that the control is energy-neutral.
Trajectory reproduction and trajectory tracking problem for the nonholonomic systems
Authors: Ratajczak A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This paper introduces a new algorithm of trajectory reproduction and trajectory tracking for nonholonomic systems. The endogenous configuration space approach is employed as a guideline in the algorithm derivation. The derivation uses a trajectory reproduction error, which is an integral of the difference between the resultant trajectory and the desired trajectory over the motion horizon. Such a definition of the error allows to solve both the trajectory reproduction as well as the trajectory tracking problem. Considerable attention in the paper has been paid to the implementation aspects of the algorithm. The nonparametric approach is used together with a higher order of the integration method. The algorithm efficiency is illustrated with computer simulations accomplished for two nonholonomic systems: the dynamics of the double pendulum with a passive joint, and the kinematics of the unicycle.
Impact of phase shifting transformers on cross-border power flows in the Central and Eastern Europe region
Authors: Korab R. , Owczarek R. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Unscheduled power flows are a serious problem for the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) region. One method of reducing these undesirable flows relies on the use of phase shifting transformers (PSTs). This paper presents how the installation of PSTs on the Polish-German and Czech-German borders affects cross-border power flows in the CEE region, as well as interactions between these devices. The essential parameters proposed for PSTs are based on the effects arising from the application of PSTs on the border between Poland and Germany. The results demonstrate that the use of PSTs in the CEE region can provide effective control of active power flows in tie-lines and significantly reduce unscheduled flows. However, the operation of these devices must be coordinated in order to achieve maximum controllability and to guarantee the secure operation of the interconnected systems.
Video signal level (colour intensity) and effectiveness of electromagnetic infiltration
Authors: Kubiak I. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Nowadays, when we have a strong presence of computers in our everyday lives the protection of electronically processed information using digital machines becomes very important. It is related to accidental formation of electromagnetic fields which distinctive features are intrinsically linked to the nature of processed information. Although many protective measures are taken - from technical to organisational - this phenomenon still poses a great threat. Therefore, methods supporting information protection against the so-called electromagnetic infiltration are still being developed. In addition, these methods would support security of data processing and perhaps replace some of the currently used solutions characterised by high costs of implementation, or a small degree of ergonomics. Conducted research deals both with an analogue VGA and digital DVI standards. The article presents the results of the research concerning possibilities of manipulating the level of video signal (black colour intensity) and its influence on the quality of displayed images, that is, on the effectiveness of electromagnetic infiltration.
Monitoring multiple myeloma patients treated with daratumumab: teasing out monoclonal antibody interference
Authors: McCudden Christopher , Axel Amy E. , Slaets Dominique , Dejoie Thomas , Clemens Pamela L. , Frans Sandy , Bald Jaime , Plesner Torben , Jacobs Joannes F.M. , van de Donk Niels W.C.J. , Moreau Philippe , Schecter Jordan M. , Ahmadi Tahamtan , Sasser A. Kate 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies are promising anti-myeloma treatments. As immunoglobulins, monoclonal antibodies have the potential to be identified by serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE). Therapeutic antibody interference with standard clinical SPE and IFE can confound the use of these tests for response assessment in clinical trials and disease monitoring.To discriminate between endogenous myeloma protein and daratumumab, a daratumumab-specific immunofixation electrophoresis reflex assay (DIRA) was developed using a mouse anti-daratumumab antibody. To evaluate whether anti-daratumumab bound to and shifted the migration pattern of daratumumab, it was spiked into daratumumab-containing serum and resolved by IFE/SPE. The presence (DIRA positive) or absence (DIRA negative) of residual M-protein in daratumumab-treated patient samples was evaluated using predetermined assessment criteria. DIRA was evaluated for specificity, limit of sensitivity, and reproducibility.In all of the tested samples, DIRA distinguished between daratumumab and residual M-protein in commercial serum samples spiked with daratumumab and in daratumumab-treated patient samples. The DIRA limit of sensitivity was 0.2 g/L daratumumab, using spiking experiments. Results from DIRA were reproducible over multiple days, operators, and assays. The anti-daratumumab antibody was highly specific for daratumumab and did not shift endogenous M-protein.As the treatment of myeloma evolves to incorporate novel monoclonal antibodies, additional solutions will be needed for clinical monitoring of patient responses to therapeutic regimens. In the interim, assays such as DIRA can inform clinical outcomes by distinguishing daratumumab from endogenous M-protein by IFE.
Innovation, knowledge and information management in supply chains
Authors: Szuster Mariusz , Szymczak Maciej 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this study the question of innovation and information management in supply chain is addressed. We assume that innovation and information management are interrelated in supply chains and that the relationship is crucial for their success on the market. Considerable attention was given to the issue of outsourcing which is now a commonplace in supply chain management. In particular, we examined how approaches to managing information and knowledge in the supply chain differ according to ICT outsourcing. The deduction is based on a data set of 426 companies located in Poland, representing a variety of industry sectors. Two stages of the research were realised. The rationale behind this was to identify enterprises that utilise a welldeveloped system of information and knowledge management to determine the scope of possible in-depth analyses. This helped to receive valuable responses. We find what information and knowledge management is mainly driven by. We show the similarities and differences in information and knowledge management between entities that use ICT outsourcing and those that do not. We discuss the research results and draw conclusions.
Options for quantitative assessment of types of commercial real estate leases
Authors: Ginevičius Tomas 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Facing increasing business volumes and internationalisation, office lease issue is becoming increasingly relevant to business enterprises. They become an integral part of the business which determines the outcome of commercial activities. Current assessment methodologies for types of office leases are flawed because they lack comprehensiveness and they are not linked to the objective of a lease, that is improvement of business deliverables. The methods for quantitative assessment of lease types are flawed. The objective of this article is developing a hierarchical system of indicators in connection with commercial real estate (office) leases adapted for quantitative assessment using multi-criteria methods. As a result of the research, it has been obtained that such system contains three categories: economic, premises and environmental. 12 indicators fall into the first one, 24 - into the second and 16 - into the third one.
Propositional Linear Temporal Logic with Initial Validity Semantics1
Authors: Giero Mariusz 
Published: March 2016

Summary
In the article [10] a formal system for Propositional Linear Temporal Logic (in short LTLB) with normal semantics is introduced. The language of this logic consists of “until” operator in a very strict version. The very strict “until” operator enables to express all other temporal operators.
In this article we construct a formal system for LTLB with the initial semantics [12]. Initial semantics means that we define the validity of the formula in a model as satisfaction in the initial state of model while normal semantics means that we define the validity as satisfaction in all states of model. We prove the Deduction Theorem, and the soundness and completeness of the introduced formal system. We also prove some theorems to compare both formal systems, i.e., the one introduced in the article [10] and the one introduced in this article.
Formal systems for temporal logics are applied in the verification of computer programs. In order to carry out the verification one has to derive an appropriate formula within a selected formal system. The formal systems introduced in [10] and in this article can be used to carry out such verifications in Mizar [4].