bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention with second-generation drug-eluting stents for patients with multivessel and unprotected left main coronary artery disease
Authors: Papadopoulos Kyriacos , Lekakis Ioannis , Nicolaides Evagoras 
Published: January 2017

Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention using second-generation drug-eluting stents with those of coronary artery bypass grafting among patients with multivessel disease and/or unprotected left main coronary artery disease in terms of mortality, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and angina. Background: Although coronary artery disease is a leading cause of death in the Western world and in many developing countries, its optimal treatment is still a matter of controversy. Several studies have examined the clinical safety and efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention using first-generation drug-eluting stents over coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with multivessel disease and/or unprotected left main coronary artery disease. However, this study compared the efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention using second-generation drug-eluting stents to that of coronary artery bypass grafting for multivessel disease and/or unprotected left main coronary artery disease. Methods: This was a prospective single-center cohort study conducted from September 2012 to November 2014 at the Nicosia General Hospital. In total, 140 patients (94% men and 6% women) with chronic coronary artery disease undergoing revascularization with either percutaneous coronary intervention using second-generation drug-eluting stents or coronary artery bypass grafting were evaluated. We examined the differences in clinical outcomes between coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention at 1-year follow-up. Results: Percutaneous coronary intervention with second-generation drug-eluting stents as opposed to coronary artery bypass grafting resulted in similar rates of mortality (5.7% vs 11.4%, respectively; p = 0.135), myocardial infarction (0% vs 4.3%, respectively), repeat revascularization (4.3% vs 8.6%, respectively; p = 0.115) and angina (10% vs 18.6%, respectively; p = 0.153). Conclusion: In this patient population, percutaneous coronary intervention with second-generation drug-eluting stents was not inferior to coronary artery bypass grafting in terms of mortality, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, or angina.
A rare cause of tonsil mass in a child: Lymphoid polyp
Authors: Ji Hongzhao , Ulualp Seckin O , Sengupta Anita 
Published: January 2017

Objective: Solitary mass lesions of the palatine tonsils are rare in children. While a tonsillar mass can be concerning for a neoplasm, benign conditions may present with a mass arising from the surface of the palatine tonsils in children. We describe clinical and histopathological characteristics of a lymphoid polyp in a child with unilateral tonsillar mass. Methods: Retrospective chart review. Results: A 6-year-old girl presented for evaluation of recurrent acute tonsillitis and a mass on the left palatine tonsil. A pedunculated mass with the base attached to the left palatine tonsil was observed. The mass was completely removed by tonsillectomy. The final diagnosis was lymphoid polyp. Conclusion: Pediatricians, otolaryngologists, and pathologists should be aware of the occurrence of tonsillar lymphoid polyp in the pediatric age group.
In vitro fertilization–induced hypertriglyceridemia with secondary acute pancreatitis and diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Issa Claire Michael , Abu Khuzam Rani Hazar 
Published: January 2017

Introduction: In vitro fertilization is becoming more and more popular lately, as such light is to be shed on any possible related complication. One of these complications is the possible hormonal effect on the lipid profile of the patients. Case presentation: We present a case of a 39-year-old woman with no prior or family history of dyslipidemia, who presented with post in vitro fertilization severe hypertriglyceridemia and secondary acute pancreatitis and diabetic ketoacidosis. Discussion of the case is followed by a brief review of the literature related to in vitro fertilization–induced hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion: This is, up to our knowledge, the sixth reported case of in vitro fertilization–induced hypertriglyceridemia with secondary acute pancreatitis. This is a serious and life-threatening complication. As such, it might be wise at least in high-risk patients (such as patients with diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovaries syndrome, obesity, and family and personal history of dyslipidemia) to screen for lipid abnormalities before initiating in vitro fertilization and monitor these levels afterward.
Subtypes of chronic gastritis in patients with celiac disease before and after gluten‐free diet
Authors: Gabrieli Dolores , Ciccone Fabiana , Capannolo Annalisa , Viscido Angelo , Valerii Giorgio , Serva Donatella , Necozione Stefano , Coletti Gino , Calvisi Giuseppe , Melideo Dina , Frieri Giuseppe , Latella Giovanni 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundCeliac disease (CD) often manifests with dyspeptic symptoms and chronic gastritis is a common finding.AimTo evaluate the frequency of lymphocytic gastritis (LG), chronic active gastritis (CAG), and chronic inactive gastritis (CIG) in patients with CD, before and after gluten‐free diet (GFD).MethodsA five‐year prospective study including all consecutive patients with a new diagnosis of CD was conducted. Gastric and duodenal biopsy specimens taken both at the time of the CD diagnosis and at the first endoscopic control after 18–24 months on GFD were evaluated.Results213 patients with CD were enrolled. At the time of the diagnosis, 42 patients (19.7%) showed normal gastric mucosa, 34 (15.9%) LG, 67 (31.5%) CAG, and 70 (32.9%) CIG. Out of the 34 patients with LG, all were Helicobacter pylori negative and the majority of them showed an improvement both of gastritis (94.1%) and duodenal lesions (82.3%) after GFD. GFD did not show significant effects on CAG and CIG.ConclusionsLG is present in 16% of CD patients, it is not associated with H. pylori infection, and it improves after GFD. Both CAG and CIG are also frequently associated with CD, but fail to respond to a GFD.
Comparison of intraoperative O-arm- and conventional fluoroscopy (C-arm)-assisted insertion of pedicle screws in the treatment of fracture of thoracic vertebrae
Authors: Liu Hao , Wang Yimeng , Pi Bin , Qian Zhonglai , Zhu Xiaoyu , Yang Huilin 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: To introduce the intraoperative O-arm-assisted pedicle screw insertion without any navigation system in the treatment of thoracic vertebrae fracture and compare it to conventional fluoroscopy (C-arm)-assisted pedicle screw insertion technique. Methods: About 156 pedicle screws were inserted in 23 patients (C-arm group), and 208 pedicle screws were inserted in 30 patients (O-arm group). The postoperative computed tomography images were analyzed for pedicle violation based on Gertzbein classification. The total surgery time, the average time required for inserting a screw, the mean action times of adjusting guide probe and pedicle screw, and the hospitalization time were compared in both groups, respectively. The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) was used for evaluating the health outcomes pre- and postoperatively. Results: There are the higher accuracy rate of satisfactory pedicle screw placement (grades 0 and 1) and the less incidence of medial perforation in the O-arm group compared to the C-arm group ( p < 0.05). The average time required for inserting a screw, the action times of adjusting the guide probe and pedicle screw, and the hospitalization time in the O-arm group are less than the respective ones in the C-arm group ( p < 0.05). There was no significant difference for the total surgery time between both groups. No further damage of the nerve function postoperatively is found according to the ASIA grade. Conclusion: The O-arm-assisted pedicle screw insertion without navigation we described provides higher accuracy of pedicle screw placement and better clinical efficacy compared to conventional fluoroscopy (C-arm) technique.
Treatment of displaced flexion-type pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures in the prone position
Authors: Kao Hsuan-Kai , Lee Wei-Chun , Yang Wen-E , Chang Chia-Hsieh 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: This study is to report a new method to reduce and fix the displaced flexion-type pediatric supracondylar fracture in the prone position. Methods: Ten children with displaced flexion-type supracondylar humeral fractures treated between 2007 and 2013 were reviewed. There were three girls and seven boys, with a mean age of 9.5 years. The fracture was reduced by gentle traction of the forearm and gradual extension of the elbow in the prone position. Two or three crossed Kirschner wires (K-wires) were inserted percutaneously to secure the fracture reduction. Radiographic evaluation included the Baumann’s angle and the lateral humerocapitellar angle. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Flynn’s criteria. Results: Eight children had closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire fixation. The other two children required open reduction through a posterior triceps splitting approach. The mean Baumann’s angle was 70.2° immediately after K-wires fixation and 69.5° after 3 months later. The mean lateral humerocapitellar angle was 38° immediately after K-wires fixation and 35.5° after 3 months later. The clinical outcome was excellent in nine children and poor in one child by the Flynn’s criteria. Conclusion: Reduction of displaced flexion-type pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures by traction and gradual extension in the prone position is an effective and safe method. When reduction is still impossible or nerve incarceration is suspected, open reduction and release of the trapped nerve through a posterior triceps splitting approach are simply accessible.
Surgical dislocation of the hip without trochanteric osteotomy
Authors: Schweitzer Daniel , Klaber Ianiv , Zamora Tomás , Amenábar Pedro Pablo , Botello Eduardo 
Published: January 2017

Background: Surgical dislocation of the hip remains an important alternative in hip preservation surgery, especially when a dynamic access to the hip is needed and arthroscopy is not a suitable option. We describe a novel technique for operative dislocation of the hip without trochanteric osteotomy and the clinical results of our patients. Methods: Surgical dislocation of the hip without trochanteric osteotomy was done through a modified lateral approach in all of the cases. A review of demographic, clinical, and radiological data was done in all of the patients operated with this technique between 2010 and 2015. Complications, walking aids, weight-bearing status, and modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) were also recorded. Results: Six surgical dislocations of the hip were carried out. Indications were tumor resection in five and bulletectomy in one hip. There were two women (four hips) and two men. Mean age was 19 ± 3.8 years. Median follow-up was 2.5 years (range 2–4.5 years). Median mHHS was 92 (90–96). There were no intraoperative nor postoperative complications. Conclusions: Surgical dislocation of the hip without trochanteric osteotomy through a modified lateral approach appears to be a safe, simpler, and effective alternative.
Prediction of height increment using preoperative radiological parameters following selective thoracic fusion with alternate-level pedicle screw construct in Lenke 1 and 2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients
Authors: Keong Kwan Mun , Aziz Izzuddin , Yin Wei Chris Chan 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: This study aims to derive a formula to predict post-operative height increment in Lenke 1 and Lenke 2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients using preoperative radiological parameters. Methods: This study involved 70 consecutive Lenke 1 and 2 AIS patients who underwent scoliosis correction with alternate-level pedicle screw instrumentation. Preoperative parameters that were measured included main thoracic (MT) Cobb angle, proximal thoracic (PT) Cobb angle, lumbar Cobb angle as well as thoracic kyphosis. Side-bending flexibility (SBF) and fulcrum-bending flexibility (FBF) were derived from the measurements. Preoperative height and post-operative height increment was measured by an independent observer using a standardized method. Results: MT Cobb angle and FB Cobb angle were significant predictors ( p < 0.001) of height increment from multiple linear regression analysis ( R = 0.784, R2 = 0.615). PT Cobb angle, lumbar, SB Cobb angle, preoperative height and number of fused segment were not significant predictors for the height increment based on the multivariable analysis. Increase in post-operative height could be calculated by the formula: Increase in height (cm) = (0.09 × preoperative MT Cobb angle) – (0.04 x FB Cobb angle) – 0.5. Conclusion: The proposed formula of increase in height (cm) = (0.09 × preoperative MT Cobb angle) − (0.04 × FB Cobb angle) – 0.5 could predict post-operative height gain to within 5 mm accuracy in 51% of patients, within 10 mm in 70% and within 15 mm in 86% of patients.
“It’s a blessing and a curse”: Perspectives on tablet use in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: King Amie M , Brady Kathryn W , Voreis Grayce 
Published: January 2017

Background and aims This qualitative study was conducted to obtain information regarding education professionals’ (i.e., classroom teachers’ and speech-language pathologists’) perspectives about tablet technology use in classrooms of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (CWASD). Methods Seventeen education professionals from a special day school for CWASD participated in one of four focus groups that provided information and insight regarding the context in which tablets are being used, challenges in implementing tablets, and perspectives on how tablets can be used most effectively. Results Four interrelated themes emerged from the data including the participants’ perspectives related to: (a) the distinct uses of tablets; (b) challenges and challenging behavior associated with tablet use; (c) causal factors of the challenges; and (d) the value of tablets, and the continued desire and dedication to using the tablets; Conclusions and implications The results from this study suggest that education professionals have unique and insightful opinions related to tablets. There appears to be gaps between the current research base on tablet use in CWASD and “real world” practice, suggesting that further research is needed in the implementation of tablets in classrooms of CWASD.
The primary-to-secondary school transition for children on the autism spectrum: A multi-informant mixed-methods study
Authors: Makin Chantelle , Hill Vivian , Pellicano Elizabeth 
Published: January 2017

Background and aims Children diagnosed with an autism spectrum condition are known anecdotally to be especially vulnerable during the transition to secondary school. Yet, very little is known about the child-, school- and system-level factors that can potentially make changing schools particularly difficult for these children. Here, we report on a mixed-method study, which examined the factors that influence a successful school transition for autistic children in one local education authority in England. Methods Fifteen children were seen twice in the space of four months – once during the final term of their mainstream primary school and again during the first term of secondary school. Parents and teachers were also interviewed at both time points. Results Overall, our participants reported negative experiences of their transition to secondary school – regardless of the type of secondary provision (mainstream or specialist) to which they transferred. None of the child-level factors measured during the pre-transition phase, including verbal ability, autistic symptomatology, sensory responsiveness and anxiety, predicted children’s transition success four months later. Rather, transition success appeared to be predominantly related to several school- and system-level factors, including tensions over school choice, delays in placement decisions, lack of primary preparation and communication between schools. Identity-related issues were also a key concern for many children, which appeared to have a particularly negative influence on adjustment to their new school. Conclusions We identified predominantly negative experiences of primary-to-secondary transition for the autistic children sampled here, which appeared to be accounted for largely by school- and system-level factors. Implications Applying interventions that are designed to ease the transition to secondary school by modifying the school environment before, during and after transition to improve the fit between the autistic child and their educational environment should go some way in tackling school-related barriers to a successful transition for these children. System-level changes in the way that local authorities manage the transition process may also improve children and families’ experiences.
Novel Mobile App Allows for Fast and Validated Intraoperative Assessment of Otolaryngology Residents
Authors: Kozin Elliott D. , Bohnen Jordan D. , George Brian C. , Justicz Natalie , Colaianni C. Alessandra , Duarte Maria , Gray Stacey T. 
Published: January 2017

Evaluation of resident operative skills is challenging in the fast‐paced operating room environment and limited by lack of validated assessment metrics. We describe a smartphone‐based app that enables rapid assessment of operative skills. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) otolaryngology taxonomy surgical procedures (n = 593) were uploaded to the software platform. The app was piloted over 1 month. Outcomes included (1) completion of evaluation, (2) time spent completing the evaluation, and (3) quantification of case complexity, operative autonomy, and performance. During the study, 12 of 12 procedures, corresponding to 3 paired evaluated by the resident/attending dyad. Mean ± SD time of evaluation completion was 98.0 ± 24.2 and 123.0 ± 14.0 seconds for the resident and attending, respectively. Mean time between resident and attending evaluation completion was 27.9 ± 26.8 seconds. Resident and attending scores for case complexity, operative autonomy, and performance were strongly correlated (P <. 0001). Rapid evaluation of resident intraoperative performance is feasible using smartphone‐based technology.
A computational treatment of generalized reference
Authors: Hausser Roland 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Purpose
Medieval logic defined reference as a relation between language and objects in the world. Recently, however, the term ``representational token'' has been used instead of language (Reimer and Michaelson in The stanford encyclopedia of philosophy: winter 2014 edition. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/reference/, 2014). This allows for reference with and without language. In a similar vein, Database Semantics (DBS) has implemented concept-based reference as a matching between two contents. If a content is attached to a language surface it is called the literal meaning$$_{1}$$

1

of the surface.

Methods
Referring with a content (as a representational token), regardless of whether or not it is attached to a surface, leads to a generalized notion of reference. An example of reference without language is identifying a current nonlanguage recognition with something seen before. Another example is identifying a nonlanguage recognition with an earlier language content, e.g. something read (for example, in a guide book) or heard about.

Results
In addition to the concept-based reference mechanism of (i) symbols [We follow the terminology used by Peirce (CP 2.228, 2.229, 5.473) for his theory of signs.] (“Reference by matching (symbol)” section), natural language uses the reference mechanisms of (ii) indexicals (“Reference by pointing (indexical)” section) based on pointers, and of (iii) names (“Reference by baptism (name)” section) based on acts of generalized baptism. A fourth kind of reference is co-reference (“Reference by address (coreference)” section), based on identity implemented by means of an address; it occurs as a variant of referring with indexicals and symbols, and is the foundation of name-based reference.

Conclusions
This paper systematically reconstructs the mechanisms of reference as they function with and without language in an agent-based computational framework. Language-dependent surfaces play a role only in the automatic word form recognition of the hear mode and the automatic word form production of the speak mode. In conclusion, the agent-based reconstruction of reference is applied to the medieval distinction between de dicto and de re (“De dicto/de re” section).
An analysis of the evaluation contexts in academic discourse
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu , Nesi Hilary 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper develops a new framework to examine the use of ‘evaluation resources’ in research discourse. In previous studies of evaluative resources, two distinct, although interwoven, types of context have been identified: 1) the real world where evaluation resources are used to describe situations, and 2) the research world studying the real world, where they are used to engage readers and open up debate. In this paper, we will propose three context types: 1) the research world, where the choice of evaluation must be affected by the writer’s argumentative intention, 2) the real world where the choice of evaluation is affected by the writer’s argumentative intention, and 3) the real world where the choice of evaluation is not affected by the writer’s argumentative intention. This distinction helps us identify more rigorously those evaluative resources that are relevant to arguments. It will also enable us to explore and quantify the way evaluation functions across contexts.
Biomaterials and tissue engineering for scar management in wound care
Authors: Rahimnejad Maedeh , Derakhshanfar Soroosh , Zhong Wen 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Scars are a natural and unavoidable result from most wound repair procedures and the body’s physiological healing response. However, they scars can cause considerable functional impairment and emotional and social distress. There are different forms of treatments that have been adopted to manage or eliminate scar formation. This review covers the latest research in the past decade on using either natural agents or synthetic biomaterials in treatments for scar reduction.
Opportunities and pitfalls in surface-wave interpretation
Authors: Schuster Gerard T. , Li Jing , Lu Kai , Metwally Ahmed , AlTheyab Abdullah , Hanafy Sherif 
Published: January 2017

Many explorationists think of surface waves as the most damaging noise in land seismic data. Thus, much effort is spent in designing geophone arrays and filtering methods that attenuate these noisy events. It is now becoming apparent that surface waves can be a valuable ally in characterizing the near-surface geology. This review aims to find out how the interpreter can exploit some of the many opportunities available in surface waves recorded in land seismic data. For example, the dispersion curves associated with surface waves can be inverted to give the S-wave velocity tomogram, the common-offset gathers can reveal the presence of near-surface faults or velocity anomalies, and back-scattered surface waves can be migrated to detect the location of near-surface faults. However, the main limitation of surface waves is that they are typically sensitive to S-wave velocity variations no deeper than approximately half to one-third the dominant wavelength. For many exploration surveys, this limits the depth of investigation to be no deeper than approximately 0.5–1.0 km.