bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes of ankle inclinations after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Sözbilen Murat Celal , Biçer Elcil Kaya , Aydoğdu Semih , Sur Hakkı 
Published: March 2017

Aim: To evaluate the changes in ankle joint line inclination in patients who had total knee arthroplasty due to degenerative osteoarthritis. Material/Method: Sixty-two knees (with a mean age of 71,66±6,78 years, follow-up 52,34±27,42 months) which had undergone total knee arthroplasty between November 1996 and May 2014 were included in this retrospective study. The knee joint line orientations (KJLO) of the prosthesis and ankle joint line inclination (AJLI) relative to the floor were evaluated on postoperative standard standing long-leg X-rays. The AJLI relative to the floor was defined as the angle between the tangent to the subchondral plate of the talus and the horizontal grid line on radiographs. In order to determine the effects of KJLO and high varus on AJLI, patients were divided into two each groups that were pre-operative mechanical axes (MA) as <20° (n=35, group1) and >=20° (n=27, group2) and post-operative MA <3° (n=32, group a) and >=3° (n=30, group b). In addition, the changes in AJLI were compared between each group. The patients were regrouped as either <=3° (n=28, group i) or >3° (n=34, group ii), in terms of the postoperative KJLO. Inclination angles of the prosthesis were compared between each groups. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v18. Results: Mean MA of pre-operative and post-operative were 16,35±6,56° and 3,92±3,35°, respectively. All ankle inclinations were lateralized. AJLI, were significantly decreased from pre-operative mean 7,37°±3,19° to post-operative mean 3,71°±2,22° (p<0,0001). The mean of change was 3,65°±3,03°. However, pre-operative AJLIs were significantly increased in high varus group (group1: 6,34°±2,54°, group2: 8,70°±3,48°, p=0,003); post-operative AJLIs did not differ significantly (group1: 3,55°±2,36°, group2: 3,92°±2,05°, p=0,516) with respect to the MA. The changes in preop-postop AJLI’s were significantly higher in high varus group again (p=0,009). When the KJLO groups were compared, pre-operative AJLIs were significantly different (group i: 6,25°±2,33°, group ii: 8,29°±3,53°, p=0,004) while post-operative AJLIs did not differ significantly (group i: 3,46°±2,38°, group ii: 3,92°±2,08°, p=0,489). Conclusion: Pre-operatively high varus knees also had high ankle varus, hence ankle deformity was corrected by the restoration of the optimal lower limb aligment. Obtaining parallel orientation of the components relative to the ground, restored the AJLI. Pre-operative planning and convenient implantation of the components lead to achieve optimum knee orientation which restored the ankle joint line orientation independent from mechanical axes. Not only the goal of optimum mechanical axes but also optimum knee joint line orientation’s importance was demonsrated.
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in African Americans with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis
Authors: Burgess D. , Huang H. , Harrison P. , Aukhil I. , Shaddox L. 
Published: March 2017

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of the highly leukotoxic JP2 sequence versus the minimally leukotoxic non-JP2 sequence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans within a cohort of 180 young African Americans, with and without localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP), in north Florida. The study included patients aged 5 to 25 y: 60 LAP patients, 60 healthy siblings (HS), and 60 unrelated healthy controls (HC). Subgingival plaque was collected from LAP sites—diseased (PD ≥5 mm with bleeding on probing) and healthy (PD ≤3 mm with no bleeding on probing)—and from healthy sites of HS and HC. Plaque DNA was extracted and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for the detection of the JP2 and non-JP2 sequences of A. actinomycetemcomitans. Overall, 90 (50%) subjects tested positive for the JP2 sequence. Fifty (83.33%) LAP subjects were carriers of the highly leukotoxic JP2 sequence, detected in 45 (75%) diseased sites and 34 (56.67%) healthy sites. Additionally, JP2 carriage was found in 16 HS (26.67%) and 24 HC (40%; P < 0.0001, among groups). The non-JP2 sequence was detected in 26 (14.44%) total subjects: 17 (28.33%) LAP patients detected in equal amounts of diseased and healthy sites ( n = 11, 18.33%), 6 (10%) HS sites, and 3 (5%) HC sites ( P < 0.05, among groups). The JP2 sequence was strongly associated with LAP-diseased sites in young African Americans, significantly more so than the non-JP2 ( ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01330719). Knowledge Transfer Statement: Clinicians may use the results of this study to identify susceptible individuals to aggressive periodontitis, potentially leading to more appropriate selection of therapeutic choices.
Structure refinement and crystal chemistry of tokkoite and tinaksite from the Murun massif (Russia)
Authors: Lacalamita M. , Mesto E. , Kaneva E. , Scordari F. , Pedrazzi G. , Vladykin N. , Schingaro E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe structures of tokkoite, K2Ca4[Si7O18OH](OH,F) and tinaksite, K2Ca2NaTi[Si7O18OH]O from the Murun massif (Russia) were refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data in the triclinic space groupP1̄. Average crystallographic data area≈ 10.423,b≈ 12.477,c≈ 7.112 Å, α ≈ 89.92°, β ≈ 99.68°, γ ≈ 92.97°,V≈ 910.5 Å3for tokkoite;a≈ 10.373,b≈ 12.176,c≈ 7.057 Å, α ≈ 90.82°, β ≈ 99.22°, γ ≈ 92.80°,V≈ 878.5 Å3for tinaksite. The substantial similarities between the geometrical parameters of the tokkoite and tinaksite structures led us to conclude that the two minerals are isostructural. However, major differences of tokkoite with respect to tinaksite are larger lattice constants, especially concerning thebparameter, longer <M–O> distances, especially <M1–O>; larger values of the M1–M3 and O20–O2 bond lengths, and a stronger distortion of the M1 polyhedron. Mössbauer analysis showed that significant trivalent iron is present,VIFe3+40.0(7)% in tokkoite and 12.8(3)% in tinaksite. It is confirmed that 2Ca(M1+M2)2++ (F,OH)(O20)–↔ Ti(M1)4++ Na(M2)++ O(O20)–is the exchange reaction that describes the relation between tokkoite and tinaksite. In addition, this exchange reaction causes local stress involving mainly the M1 site and its interaction with the M2 and M3 sites.
Wilhelmgümbelite, [ZnFe2+Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)4(H2O)5]·2H2O, a new schoonerite-related mineral from the Hagendorf Süd pegmatite, Bavaria
Authors: Grey I. E. , Keck E. , Kampf A. R. , Macrae C. M. , Glenn A. M. , Price J. R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWilhelmgümbelite, ideally [ZnFe2+Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)4(H2O)5]·2H2O, is a new secondary phosphate mineral related closely to schoonerite, [ZnMnFe22+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2(H2O)7]·2H2O, from oxidized zones of the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Hagendorf, Oberpfalz, Bavaria, Germany. Wilhelmgümbelite occurs as radiating sprays of needle-like rectangular laths, up to 0.2 mm long and with colour varying from light yellow brown to orange red. Cleavage is perfect parallel to {010}. The mineral is associated closely with an oxidized pseudomorph of phosphophyllite, recently named steinmetzite. Other associated minerals are albite, apatite, chalcophanite, jahnsite, mitridatite, muscovite and quartz. The calculated density of wilhelmgümbelite is 2.82 g cm–3. It is optically biaxial (+) with α = 1.560(2), β = 1.669(2), γ = 1.718(2), 2V(meas) = 63(1)° and 2V(calc.) = 65°. Dispersion is weak with r > v, orientation X = b, Y = c, Z = a. Pleochroism is weak, with coloursZ = orange brown, Y = yellow brown, X = light yellow brown, Z >> Y > X. Electron microprobe analyses (average of seven analyses, seven crystals) with H2O and FeO/Fe2O3 calculated on structural grounds, gave FeO 5.8, Fe2O3 25.0, MnO 2.6, ZnO 16.4, P2O5 28.7, H2O 23.4, total 101.9 wt.%. The empirical formula, scaled to 3 P and OH– adjusted for charge balance is Zn1.50Mn0.272+Fe0.602+Fe2.333+(PO4)3·(OH)2.73(H2O)8.27. The structural formula is [Zn(Mn0.27Fe0.733+)∑1.0(Zn0.25Fe0.152+Fe0.603+)∑1.0(Zn0.25Fe0.452+)∑0.7Fe3+(PO4)3(OH,H2O)9]·2H2O.Wilhelmgümbelite has orthorhombic symmetry, Pmab, Z = 4, with the unit-cell parameters of a = 10.987(7) Å, b = 25.378(13) Å, c = 6.387(6) Å and V = 1781(2) Å3. The strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [dobs in Å(Iobs) (hkl)] 12.65 (100) (020); 8.339 (5) (120); 6.421 (14) (001); 6.228 (8) (011); 4.223 (30) (120) and 2.111 (7) (0 12 0). Wilhelmgümbelite is an oxidized form of schoonerite, with the Mn2+ replaced principally by Fe3+. Its structure differs from that of schoonerite in having the Zn partitioned between two different sites, one five-coordinated as in schoonerite and the other tetrahedrally coordinated. Wilhelmgümbelite also differs structurally from schoonerite in having partial occupation of one of the Fe sites, which appears to be correlated with the Zn partitioning.
Elevated hematocrit enhances platelet accumulation following vascular injury
Authors: Walton Bethany L. , Lehmann Marcus , Skorczewski Tyler , Holle Lori A. , Beckman Joan D. , Cribb Jeremy A. , Mooberry Micah J. , Wufsus Adam R. , Cooley Brian C. , Homeister Jonathan W. , Pawlinski Rafal , Falvo Michael R. , Key Nigel S. , Fogelson Aaron L. , Neeves Keith B. , Wolberg Alisa S. 
Published: March 2017

Key Points
Elevated hematocrit promotes arterial thrombus formation. During arterial thrombosis, elevated hematocrit enhances platelet accumulation at the site of vessel injury.
Tumor-to-tumor metastases: Papillary thyroid carcinoma into a clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Song Jin Soo Andy , Taylor S. Mark , Trites Jonathan , Rigby Matthew H. , Bullock Martin Joseph , Merrimen Jennifer , Rendon Ricardo , Hart Robert D. 
Published: March 2017

Background Thyroid metastases to distant sites are uncommon incidents, most often metastasizing to the lungs and bones. Rates of metastasis to the kidney are particularly low, ranging from 2.8–3.8% for papillary and 6–20% for follicular variants of well-differentiated thyroid cancers (WDTCs). In rare instances, tumor-to-tumor metastasis between two true primary neoplasms can occurs. This medical phenomenon has previously occurred as a clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) spreading to a WDTC. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a tumor-to-tumor metastasis of a thyroid cancer metastasizing to a primary renal neoplasm. Case presentation A 72 year old male presented to the urology clinic with complaints of flank pain. Computed tomography (CT) imaging of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a 5.7 cm solid enhancing mass from the lateral aspect of the right kidney, suspicious for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The patient subsequently underwent a right laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, and immunohistochemical staining of the 5.5 cm lesion revealed a positive RCC marker to establish a diagnosis of a pT1b ISUP Grade 2 CCRCC. The tumor contained a 3 mm focus of a lesion staining positive for TTF1 and Thyroglobulin, and negative for RCC marker. This finding established a diagnosis of a tumor-to-tumor metastasis of PTC to CCRCC. Subsequent ultrasound and CT of the head and neck revealed a heterogeneously hypodense 3.3 cm mass in the right thyroid lobe, prompting a total thyroidectomy and level VI neck dissection. Pathology revealed a classic variant multifocal PTC and two ipsilateral lymph nodes positive for metastatic PTC. Ultimately, the thyroid specimen was positive for lymphatic vascular invasion, extrathyroidal extension with invasion of the tracheal cartilage, staging as T4aN1aM1. On follow up examination the patient was recovering well, without signs of dysphagia or dysphonia, and showed bilateral mobile vocal cords on laryngoscope examination. Conclusions Tumor-to-tumor metastasis between the thyroid and kidney is an extremely rare occurrence, reports of RCC metastases from a WDTC has not yet been reported in the literature. Corroboration of diagnostic imaging findings with immunohistochemistry staining can consolidate a diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm tumor-to-tumor metastasis to a RCC, thereby prompting surgical excision.
Abnormality tracking during video capsule endoscopy using an affine triangular constraint based on surrounding features
Authors: Yanagawa Yukiko , Echigo Tomio , Vu Hai , Okazaki Hirotoshi , Fujiwara Yasuhiro , Arakawa Tetsuo , Yagi Yasushi 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The precise tracking of an abnormality in the gastrointestinal tract is useful for medical training purposes. However, the gastrointestinal wall deforms continuously in an unpredictable manner, while abnormalities lack distinctive features, making them difficult to track over continuous frames. To address this problem, we propose a tracking method for capsule endoscopy using the surrounding features of abnormalities. By applying triangular constraints using an affine transformation, we are able to track abnormalities that do not have distinctive features over consecutive image frames. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach using eight common types of gastrointestinal abnormalities.
Norepinephrine Intermittent Intravenous Boluses to Prevent Hypotension During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery: A Sequential Allocation Dose-Finding Study
Authors: Onwochei Desire N. , Ngan Kee Warwick D. , Fung Lillia , Downey Kristi , Ye Xiang Y. , Carvalho Jose C. A. 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:
The use of phenylephrine as the first-line agent for prevention and treatment of maternal hypotension during cesarean delivery (CD) may reduce cardiac output, posing a theoretical risk to mother and fetus. Norepinephrine has been suggested as a potential alternative, because its β-adrenergic effects might result in greater heart rate and cardiac output than phenylephrine. The use of norepinephrine to prevent and treat hypotension during CD is new, and its use as a bolus has not been fully determined in this context. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective norepinephrine dose, when given as intermittent intravenous (IV) boluses, to prevent postspinal hypotension in 90% of women undergoing elective CD (ED90).

METHODS:
This was a prospective, double-blind sequential allocation dose-finding study, using the biased coin up-and-down design. Forty-term pregnant women undergoing elective CD under spinal anesthesia received a set intermittent norepinephrine bolus of either 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 µg every time their systolic blood pressure (SBP) fell to below 100% of baseline. The primary outcome was the success of the norepinephrine regimen to maintain SBP at or above 80% of baseline, from induction of spinal anesthesia to delivery of the fetus. Secondary outcomes included nausea, vomiting, hypertension (SBP > 120% of baseline), bradycardia (<50 bpm), upper sensory level of anesthesia to ice cold and umbilical artery and vein blood gases. The ED90 and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using both truncated Dixon and Mood and isotonic regression methods.

RESULTS:
The estimated ED90 of norepinephrine was 5.49 µg (95% CI, 5.15–5.83) using the truncated Dixon and Mood method and 5.80 µg (95% CI, 5.01–6.59) using the isotonic regression method.

CONCLUSIONS:
The use of intermittent IV norepinephrine boluses to prevent spinal-induced hypotension in elective CD seems feasible and was not observed to be associated with adverse outcomes. Practically, we suggest an ED90 dose of 6 µg. Further work is warranted to elucidate the comparative effects of intermittent IV bolus doses of phenylephrine and norepinephrine, in terms of efficacy and safety.
Life on the edge: O2 binding in Atlantic cod red blood cells near their southern distribution limit is not sensitive to temperature or haemoglobin genotype
Authors: Barlow Samantha L. , Metcalfe Julian , Righton David A. , Berenbrink Michael 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTAtlantic cod are a commercially important species believed to be threatened by warming seas near their southern, equatorward upper thermal edge of distribution. Limitations to circulatory O2 transport, in particular cardiac output, and the geographic distribution of functionally different haemoglobin (Hb) genotypes have separately been suggested to play a role in setting thermal tolerance in this species. The present study assessed the thermal sensitivity of O2 binding in Atlantic cod red blood cells with different Hb genotypes near their upper thermal distribution limit and modelled its consequences for the arterio-venous O2 saturation difference, Sa–vO2, another major determinant of circulatory O2 supply rate. The results showed statistically indistinguishable red blood cell O2 binding between the three HbI genotypes in wild-caught Atlantic cod from the Irish Sea (53° N). Red blood cells had an unusually low O2 affinity, with reduced or even reversed thermal sensitivity between pH 7.4 and 7.9, and 5.0 and 20.0°C. This was paired with strongly pH-dependent affinity and cooperativity of red blood cell O2 binding (Bohr and Root effects). Modelling of Sa–vO2 at physiological pH, temperature and O2 partial pressures revealed a substantial capacity for increases in Sa–vO2 to meet rising tissue O2 demands at 5.0 and 12.5°C, but not at 20°C. Furthermore, there was no evidence for an increase of maximal Sa–vO2 with temperature. It is suggested that Atlantic cod at such high temperatures may solely depend on increases in cardiac output and blood O2 capacity, or thermal acclimatisation of metabolic rate, for matching circulatory O2 supply to tissue demand.
Daily energy expenditure in the face of predation: hedgehog energetics in rural landscapes
Authors: Pettett Carly E. , Johnson Paul J. , Moorhouse Tom P. , Hambly Catherine , Speakman John R. , Macdonald David W. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTFailure to balance daily energy expenditure (DEE) with energy intake can have an impact on survival and reproduction, and therefore on the persistence of populations. Here we study the DEE of the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus), which is declining in the UK. We hypothesise that there is a gradient of suitable habitat for hedgehogs in rural areas, which is a result of fewer food resources, a higher risk from predation by badgers (Meles meles) and colder ambient temperatures, as distance to the nearest building increases. We used the doubly labelled water method to obtain 44 measurements of DEE from hedgehogs on four predominately arable sites, to determine the energetic costs associated with proximity to buildings, on sites with and without badgers. The mean±s.e.m. DEE was 508.9±34.8 kJ day−1. DEE increased the further a hedgehog was from buildings during the study, possibly as they ranged larger distances on arable land, supporting the hypothesis that hedgehogs select villages owing to the lower energy demands in comparison to arable farmland. Hedgehogs had an approximately 30% lower DEE on sites with badgers. We speculate that on badger-occupied sites, hedgehogs may restrict movement and foraging in response to a threat from predation and thus have reduced DEE. Therefore, hedgehogs may also seek refuge in villages where the perceived threat of predation is lower and foraging is unrestricted. In a broader context, we demonstrate that individual differences in DEE can aid in understanding habitat selection in a patchily distributed species.
Project work as a tool for communicative competence development
Authors: Гозалова Марина , Gozalova Marina 
Published: March 2017

The article focuses on research into project work as a learner’s activity contributing to the development and refinement of his / her communicative competence.
The author states that, besides improving a learner’s linguistic competence and promoting his/her involvement with the learning process, project work favourably affects both communication standards and, more broadly, social behavior through providing ample room for cooperation, empathy, creativity, and individual contribution. Thus, embracing project work and making it part of the foreign language teaching routine will ensure that learners acquire communicative competence at a level that meets current requirements.
Local bisphosphonate reduces migration and formation of radiolucent lines adjacent to cemented acetabular components
Authors: Schilcher J. , Palm L. , Ivarsson I. , Aspenberg P. 
Published: March 2017

AimsPost-operative migration of cemented acetabular components as measured by radiostereometric analysis (RSA) has a strong predictive power for late, aseptic loosening. Also, radiolucent lines predict late loosening. Migration has been reduced by systemic bisphosphonate treatment in randomised trials of hip and knee arthroplasty. Used as a local treatment, a higher local dose of bisphosphonate can be achieved without systemic exposure. We wished to see if this principle could be applied usefully in total hip arthroplasty (THA).Patients and MethodsIn this randomised placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial with 60 participants, we compressed gauze soaked in bisphosphonate solution (ibandronate) or saline against the acetabular bone bed immediately before cementing the acetabular component. RSA, classification of radiolucent lines, the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and the Western Ontario McMasters Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were carried out at three-, six-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up.ResultsMigration of the cemented acetabular component relative to the pelvis was reduced by movement almost half in the ibandronate group, when measured as maximum total point or as movement of the femoral head (p = 0.001 and 0.004, respectively). Radiolucent lines after one year were classified as absent, partial or complete, and correlated with treatment (rho 0.37; p = 0.004). Only three of 30 patients in the ibandronate group had complete lines, compared with 13 of 28 in the placebo group (p = 0.002). There were no significant effects on HHS or WOMAC score.ConclusionConsidering the power of RSA to predict loosening of cemented acetabular components, and the likelihood that radiolucent lines indicate risk of loosening, these data suggest that local treatment with a bisphosphonate can reduce the risk of late aseptic loosening. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:317–24.
Explant analysis of the Biomet Magnum/ReCap metal-on-metal hip joint
Authors: Scholes S. C. , Hunt B. J. , Richardson V. M. , Langton D. J. , Smith E. , Joyce T. J. 
Published: March 2017

Objectives The high revision rates of the DePuy Articular Surface Replacement (ASR) and the DePuy ASR XL (the total hip arthroplasty (THA) version) have led to questions over the viability of metal-on-metal (MoM) hip joints. Some designs of MoM hip joint do, however, have reasonable mid-term performance when implanted in appropriate patients. Investigations into the reasons for implant failure are important to offer help with the choice of implants and direction for future implant designs. One way to assess the performance of explanted hip prostheses is to measure the wear (in terms of material loss) on the joint surfaces. Methods In this study, a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) was used to measure the wear on five failed cementless Biomet Magnum/ReCap/ Taperloc large head MoM THAs, along with one Biomet ReCap resurfacing joint. Surface roughness measurements were also taken. The reason for revision of these implants was pain and/or adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) and/or elevated blood metal ion levels. Results The mean wear rate of the articulating surfaces of the heads and acetabular components of all six joints tested was found to be 6.1 mm3/year (4.1 to 7.6). The mean wear rate of the femoral head tapers of the five THAs was 0.054 mm3/year (0.021 to 0.128) with a mean maximum wear depth of 5.7 µm (4.3 to 8.5). Conclusion Although the taper wear was relatively low, the wear from the articulating surfaces was sufficient to provide concern and was potentially large enough to have been the cause of failure of these joints. The authors believe that patients implanted with the ReCap system, whether the resurfacing prosthesis or the THA, should be closely monitored. Cite this article: S. C. Scholes, B. J. Hunt, V. M. Richardson, D. J. Langton, E. Smith, T. J. Joyce. Explant analysis of the Biomet Magnum/ReCap metal-on-metal hip joint. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:113–122. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.62.BJR-2016-0130.R2.