bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Perceived Ethical Leadership and Organizational Culture on Job Satisfaction with the Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in Private Educational Sector of Islamabad, Pakistan
Authors: Rizwan Muhammad , Zeeshan Chaudhary , Mahmood Saba 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe current study inspects the relationship among ethical leadership, organizational culture and job satisfaction with the mediating role of an organizational commitment in private educational sector of Islamabad, Pakistan. For this study data is collected through a survey of 210 employees of the education sector of Pakistan in October, 2016. The data is analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software through different statistical tests. The findings established the positive relationships among organizational culture, ethical leadership and job satisfaction with the mediating role of an organizational commitment. It is also observed that ethical leadership and organizational culture increases the job performance. The findings of the current study propose teachers and managers to encourage ethical leadership and create a positive culture to enhance organizational commitment and job satisfaction.
Adherence to growth hormone therapy in children and its potential barriers
Authors: Mohseni Shahrzad , Heydari Zahra , Qorbani Mostafa , Radfar Mania 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background:
One of the main concerns in chronic diseases such as growth hormone (GH) deficiency is adherence to the treatment, which significantly affects treatment outcomes.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 169 GH recipient children (2–12 years) and teens (13–19 years) referred to a GH distributing teaching pharmacy. The eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) and auto-compliance method were used for the assessment of patients’ adherence to GH. The potential barriers to GH therapy adherence and medication persistence were also explored.

Results:
Based on the MMAS method, 56.7% of the children and 57.9% of the adolescent groups were adherent to GH therapy. Conversely, according to the auto-compliance method almost all the patients were adherent in the children (95.2%) and adolescent (95.5%) groups. Forgetting to take the injection or refill the prescription, being away from home, exhaustion from long-term injection, drug shortage and inaccessibility to the pharmacy were barriers found to be significantly associated with a low adherence in the children group. While in the adolescent group, forgetting to take the injection, painful injection, concern about long-term complications and exhaustion from long-term injection revealed a significant association with low adherence. Persistence with GH therapy was reported in 75.3% and 67% of children and adolescent patients, respectively.

Conclusions:
The current study revealed that overall adherence of the study population is low. Considering the barriers with significant association with adherence, different strategies can be incorporated to enhance adherence to GH therapy, i.e. providing early patient and parent education and support, medication reminder systems and longer duration of GH prescriptions.
The first trimester aneuploidy biochemical markers in IVF/ICSI patients have no additional benefit compared to spontaneous conceptions in the prediction of pregnancy complications
Authors: Szymusik Iwona , Kosinski Przemyslaw , Kosinska-Kaczynska Katarzyna , Warzecha Damian , Karwacka Anetta , Kaczynski Bartosz , Wielgos Miroslaw 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to determine if the levels of biochemical aneuploidy markers in in vitro fertilisation (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) pregnancies differ from those in spontaneous pregnancies and to verify if biochemical markers could predict pregnancy outcome in IVF/ICSI gestations.

Methods:
This was a prospective observational study performed in a group of 551 patients who underwent a combined first trimester prenatal screening (ultrasound scan and serum markers). All patients were divided into two groups according to the mode of conception: IVF/ICSI pregnancies (study group) and spontaneous conceptions (control group). The concentrations of first trimester biochemical markers were presented as multiples of median (MoM) and were compared between the study and control groups. Analysed pregnancy complications included: preterm delivery (PTD), small for gestational age (SGA), gestational hypertension (GH), preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes (GDM).

Results:
The analysis was performed on 183 IVF/ICSI and 368 spontaneously conceived gestations, with complete data regarding obstetric outcome. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of biochemical markers between the analysed groups. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) levels were lower in hypertensive than in normotensive patients, although the difference was not significant. Twenty-three patients had GDM (12.5%), 16 had GH or PE (8.7%), SGA was diagnosed in 18 (9.8%) and 25 delivered preterm (13.6%).

Conclusions:
The trend for lower PAPP-A MoM was visible in all affected patients, although the results did not reach statistical significance. The first trimester biochemical markers in assisted reproduction technique (ART) pregnancies do not seem to have additional effect on predicting the risk of pregnancy complications.
Influence of α-lipoic acid on morphology of organs of rabbits fed a high fat diet with the addition of oxidised rapeseed oil
Authors: Stawiarska-Pięta Barbara , Zalejska-Fiolka Jolanta , Wyszyńska Magdalena , Kleczka Anna , Janiga Beata , Grzegorzak Natalia , Birkner Ewa 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of α-lipoic acid (ALA) on the morphology of the aorta and liver of rabbits fed high fat diet with addition of oxidised (ORO) and non-oxidised rapeseed oil (N-ORO).

Material and Methods: The study was conducted on male chinchilla rabbits divided into six groups. The control group (C) was fed a breeding standard diet (BSD), group I received BSD with the addition of ALA in the dose of 10 mg/kg b.w., groups II and III received BSD enriched with 10% addition of N-ORO or ORO, whereas rabbits from groups IV and V received BSD with 10% addition of N-ORO or ORO and ALA.

Results: Addition of ORO caused necrosis and steatosis of hepatocytes, as well as atherosclerotic plaques of various intensification in the aorta. In the liver of rabbits from group II (N-ORO) infiltrations of mononuclear cells was observed in the area of liver triads and between liver lobules. The beneficial influence of ALA was demonstrated in rabbits fed a diet containing N-ORO or ORO. In case of ORO, the activity of ALA was not fully effective.

Conclusion: Diet supplementation with ALA counteracts the changes generated in the liver and aorta under increased exposure to higher fat content in diet, in particular thermally treated fats.
Saving America’s Endangered Recordings:NEDCC’s Conservation Ethic for the Preservation of Significant Audio Media
Authors: Martin Julie 
Published: December 2017

Abstract:Audio recordings may be the most endangered of Americas collections, due to rapidly deteriorating media material, the scarcity of equipment for playback, and the diminishing numbers of professionals who have the skills for repairing legacy equipment and reformatting audio using traditional analog methods. The evidence for the size of the problem may be found in a variety of studies prompted by the National Recording Preservation Act of 2000 (H.R.4846). The resulting National Recording Preservation Plan by the Library of Congress and the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) was released in 2012.
Interest in screening examinations among cancer patients
Authors: Humeniuk Ewa , Dąbska Olga , Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna , Goś Anna , Matuska Małgorzata 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Aim. To determine the influence of socio-demographic variables on attendance rate at screening examinations in cancer patients. Material and methods. The research group comprised of 100 cancer patients. The method applied in the research was a diagnostic survey. The research instrument was the authors‘ own questionnaire specially compiled to measure cancer patients‘ interest in screening examinations. The research material was analysed with the statistical packet STATISTICA 12 and Microsoft Office Excel software. Significance level was assumed at p<0.05 to determine statistically significant differences and dependencies. A Chi2 test was used in the research. Results. The surveyed patients mostly did not participate in screening examinations aimed at diagnosing cancer (66%). Their Age (p=0.05), gender (p=0.003) and place of residence (p=0.04) determined their participation rate in screening tests. The patients‘ marital status (p=0.47), education (p=0.85) and economic status (p=0.13) did not affect their willingness to attend screening examinations. Conclusions. The process of cancer incidence and death rate limitation requires greater participation of the population in prevention programmes.
The comparison of cardiovascular risk factors prevalence among Catholics and Seventh-day Adventists living in southern Poland
Authors: Majda Anna , Zalewska-Puchała Joanna , Bodys-Cupak Iwona , Kamińska Alicja , Suder Marcin 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Introduction. A review literature concerning the religious affiliation and that of cardiovascular disease did not show any clear correlations between these variables. Aim. To determine selected cardiovascular risk factors and the risk of a cardiovascular event among Seventh-day Adventists (SDA) and Catholics. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the years 2014-2015 among 252 people, including 118 Seventhday Adventists and 134 Catholics over 18 years of age, residents of southern Poland. The results of the following were analysed: anthropometric measurements, an interview questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests, as well as the SCORE scale. Results. The mean concentration of homocysteine and triglycerides in Catholics was significantly higher than in Adventists. Adventists had significantly higher blood pressure and mean HDL cholesterol concentration than Catholics. On the basis of BMI, overweight and obesity were ascertained in a somewhat greater percentage of Catholics than Adventists, and on the basis of waist circumference, android obesity was found to be more common in Catholics than in Adventists. Conclusions. Based on the SCORE scale, the risk of a cardiovascular event was significantly higher in Catholics than in Adventists.
A Review of the Relationship between Novelty, Intrinsic Motivation and Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Siddique Nazmul , Dhakan Paresh , Rano Inaki , Merrick Kathryn 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a review on the tri-partite relationship between novelty, intrinsic motivation and reinforcement learning. The paper first presents a literature survey on novelty and the different computational models of novelty detection, with a specific focus on the features of stimuli that trigger a Hedonic value for generating a novelty signal. It then presents an overview of intrinsic motivation and investigations into different models with the aim of exploring deeper co-relationships between specific features of a novelty signal and its effect on intrinsic motivation in producing a reward function. Finally, it presents survey results on reinforcement learning, different models and their functional relationship with intrinsic motivation.
Artificial learners adopting normative conventions from human teachers
Authors: Cederborg Thomas 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis survey provides an overview of implemented systems, theoretical work, as well as studies of biological systems relevant to the design of artificial learners trying to figure out what a human teacher would like them to do. Implementations of artificial learners are covered, with a focus on experiments trying to find better interpretations of human behavior, as well as algorithms that autonomously improve a model of the teacher. A distinction is made between learners trying to interpret teacher behavior in order to learn what the teacher would like the learner to do on the one hand, and learners whose explicit or implicit goal is to get something from the teacher on the other hand (for example rewards, or knowledge about how the world works). The survey covers the former type of systems. Human teachers are covered, focusing on studies that say something concrete about how one should interpret the behavior of a human teacher that is interacting with an artificial learner. Certain types of biological learners are interesting as inspiration for the types of artificial systems we are concerned with. The survey focus on studies of biological learners adopting normative conventions, as well as joint intentionality team efforts.
“What Kind of Death?”: On the Phaedo’s double topic
Authors: Thanassas Panagiotis 
Published: December 2017

Abstract:
The Socratic instruction (64b) to clarify “what kind of death” a philosopher would deserve suggests two different notions of “death” in the Phaedo: physical demise and philosophy. This double meaning makes it possible for the Platonic Socrates to address a dual audience with a dual purpose: His interlocutors will receive consolation, while the perceptive reader will focus on practicing philosophy on the basis of the hypothesis of Forms. Socrates’ final words can also be illuminated as a vindication of his adherence to logos: the cock to Asclepius has to be offered as a sign of gratitude for healing misology.
Structuring a Program in Elite Professional Soccer
Authors: Walker Gary J. , Hawkins Richard 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES THE PROCESSES THAT ARE UNDERTAKEN BY THE CONDITIONING COACHES OF ELITE SOCCER CLUBS WHEN PLANNING THE TRAINING PROGRAM FOR PROFESSIONAL PLAYERS. TO SUCCESSFULLY MANAGE THE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS OF A SQUAD OF PLAYERS THROUGHOUT A SEASON, IT IS IMPORTANT TO STRUCTURE TRAINING APPROPRIATELY USING STRATEGIES TO IDENTIFY THE INDIVIDUAL NEEDS OF PLAYERS, ENSURING THAT THOSE REQUIREMENTS ARE MET WITHIN THE CONSTRAINTS OF THE ANNUAL CALENDAR. THE OVERALL AIM IS TO MAXIMIZE SQUAD AVAILABILITY WHILE OPTIMIZING PLAYER READINESS FOR MATCHES, ENSURING THAT EACH PLAYER HAS THE PHYSICAL CAPABILITY TO IMPLEMENT THE REQUIRED TACTICS SUCCESSFULLY.
Miz1 Controls Schwann Cell Proliferation via H3K36me2Demethylase Kdm8 to Prevent Peripheral Nerve Demyelination
Authors: Fuhrmann David , Mernberger Marco , Nist Andrea , Stiewe Thorsten , Elsässer Hans-Peter 
Published: December 2017

Schwann cell differentiation and myelination depends on chromatin remodeling, histone acetylation, and methylation, which all affect Schwann cell proliferation. We previously reported that the deletion of the POZ (POxvirus and Zinc finger) domain of the transcription factor Miz1 (Myc-interacting zinc finger protein; encoded byZbtb17) in mouse Schwann cells (Miz1ΔPOZ) causes a neuropathy at 90 d after birth [postnatal day (P) 90], with a subsequent spontaneous regeneration. Here we show that RNA sequencing fromMiz1ΔPOZand control animals at P30 revealed a set of upregulated genes with a strong correlation to cell-cycle regulation. Consistently, a subset of Schwann cells did not exit the cell cycle as observed in control animals and the growth fraction increased over time. From the RNAseq gene list, two direct Miz1 target genes were identified, one of which encodes the histone H3K36me2demethylase Kdm8. We show that the expression ofKdm8is repressed by Miz1 and that its release inMiz1ΔPOZcells induces a decrease of H3K36me2, especially in deregulated cell-cycle-related genes. The linkage between elevatedKdm8expression, hypomethylation of H3K36 at cell-cycle-relevant genes, and the subsequent re-entering of adult Schwann cells into the cell cycle suggests that the release ofKdm8repression in the absence of a functional Miz1 is a central issue in the development of theMiz1ΔPOZphenotype.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe deletion of the Miz1 (Myc-interacting zinc finger protein 1) POZ (POxvirus and Zinc finger) domain in Schwann cells causes a neuropathy. Here we report sustained Schwann cell proliferation caused by an increased expression of the direct Miz1 target geneKdm8, encoding a H3K36me2 demethylase. Hence, the demethylation of H3K36 is linked to the pathogenesis of a neuropathy.
Repositioning of Somatic Golgi Apparatus Is Essential for the Dendritic Establishment of Adult-Born Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Rao Sneha , Kirschen Gregory W. , Szczurkowska Joanna , Di Antonio Adrian , Wang Jia , Ge Shaoyu , Shelly Maya 
Published: December 2017

New dentate granule cells (DGCs) are continuously generated, and integrate into the preexisting hippocampal network in the adult brain. How an adult-born neuron with initially simple spindle-like morphology develops into a DGC, consisting of a single apical dendrite with further branches, remains largely unknown. Here, using retroviruses to birth date and manipulate newborn neurons, we examined initial dendritic formation and possible underlying mechanisms. We found that GFP-expressing newborn cells began to establish a DGC-like morphology at ∼7 d after birth, with a primary dendrite pointing to the molecular layer, but at this stage, with several neurites in the neurogenic zone. Interestingly, the Golgi apparatus, an essential organelle for neurite growth and maintenance, was dynamically repositioning in the soma of newborn cells during this initial integration stage. Two weeks after birth, by which time most neurites in the neurogenic zone were eliminated, a compact Golgi apparatus was positioned exclusively at the base of the primary dendrite. We analyzed the presence of Golgi-associated genes using single-cell transcriptomes of newborn DGCs, and among Golgi-related genes, found the presence ofSTK25andSTRAD, regulators of embryonic neuronal development. When we knocked down either of these two proteins, we found Golgi mislocalization and extensive aberrant dendrite formation. Furthermore, overexpression of a mutated form of STRAD, underlying the disorder polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy, characterized by abnormal brain development and intractable epilepsy, caused similar defects in Golgi localization and dendrite formation in adult-born neurons. Together, our findings reveal a role for Golgi repositioning in regulating the initial integration of adult-born DGCs.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSince the discovery of the continuous generation of new neurons in the adult hippocampus, extensive effort was directed toward understanding the functional contribution of these newborn neurons to the existing hippocampal circuit and associated behaviors, while the molecular mechanisms controlling their early morphological integration are less well understood. Dentate granule cells (DGCs) have a single, complex, apical dendrite. The events leading adult-born DGCs' to transition from simple spindle-like morphology to mature dendrite morphology are largely unknown. We studied establishment of newborn DGCs dendritic pattern and found it was mediated by a signaling pathway regulating precise localization of the Golgi apparatus. Furthermore, this Golgi-associated mechanism for dendrite establishment might be impaired in a human genetic epilepsy syndrome, polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy.
Overexpression of the Histone Dimethyltransferase G9a in Nucleus Accumbens Shell Increases Cocaine Self-Administration, Stress-Induced Reinstatement, and Anxiety
Authors: Anderson Ethan M. , Larson Erin B. , Guzman Daniel , Wissman Anne Marie , Neve Rachael L. , Nestler Eric J. , Self David W. 
Published: December 2017

Repeated exposure to cocaine induces lasting epigenetic changes in neurons that promote the development and persistence of addiction. One epigenetic alteration involves reductions in levels of the histone dimethyltransferase G9a in nucleus accumbens (NAc) after chronic cocaine administration. This reduction in G9a may enhance cocaine reward because overexpressing G9a in the NAc decreases cocaine-conditioned place preference. Therefore, we hypothesized that HSV-mediated G9a overexpression in the NAc shell (NAcSh) would attenuate cocaine self-administration (SA) and cocaine-seeking behavior. Instead, we found that G9a overexpression, and the resulting increase in histone 3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2), increases sensitivity to cocaine reinforcement and enhances motivation for cocaine in self-administering male rats. Moreover, when G9a overexpression is limited to the initial 15 d of cocaine SA training, it produces an enduring postexpression enhancement in cocaine SA and prolonged (over 5 weeks) increases in reinstatement of cocaine seeking induced by foot-shock stress, but in the absence of continued global elevations in H3K9me2. The increase in stress-induced reinstatement is paralleled by heightened anxiety measures, suggesting that countering the cocaine-induced decreases in endogenous G9a with ectopic G9a overexpression leads to lasting anxiogenic effects. Finally, we found an enduring reduction in phosphorylated cAMP-response element binding protein levels in the NAcSh that could account for the increased anxiety. These data demonstrate a novel role for G9a in promoting comorbid cocaine addiction and anxiety and suggest that increased epigenetic repression of transcription through H3K9 during cocaine use can have long-lasting and unexpected negative consequences on behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCocaine addiction is a neuropsychiatric disorder that is detrimental to society and currently has no effective treatments. The difficulty in treating drug addiction is compounded by the high comorbidity with other psychiatric illnesses, including anxiety disorders. Here, we demonstrate that G9a, an epigenetic repressor of gene expression, acting in the nucleus accumbens, a brain reward region, is capable of increasing both addiction- and anxiety-like behaviors in rats. These findings are intriguing because repeated cocaine exposure decreases G9a in this region and thereby enhances expression of certain addiction-promoting genes. However, our results suggest that countering this cocaine-induced decrease in G9a activity actually exacerbates addiction and sensitivity to relapse under stressful situations.