bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aetiologies of non‐malaria febrile episodes in children under 5 years in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Kiemde Francois , Spijker René , Mens Petra F. , Tinto Halidou , Boele Michael , Schallig Henk D. F. H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo provide an overview of the most frequent aetiologies found in febrile episodes of children under 5 years from sub‐Saharan Africa.MethodsMEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for publications in English and French on non‐malaria fever episodes in African children under 5 years of age, which were published between January 1990 and July 2015. Case reports and conference abstracts were excluded.ResultsIn total, 3851 titles and abstracts were reviewed, and 153 were selected for full screening of which 18 were included in the present review. Bloodstream infection (BSI) was most commonly investigated (nine of 18) followed by urinary tract infection (UTI) (four of 18) and respiratory tract infection (RTI) (two of 18). Few studies investigated BSI and UTI in the same children (two of 18), or BSI and gastrointestinal infection (GII) (one of 18). As for BSI, the most frequently isolated bacteria were E. coli (four of 12), Streptococcus pneumonia (four of 12), Salmonella spp (three of 12) and Staphylococcus aureus (two of 12) with a positive identification rate of 19.7–33.3%, 5.2–27.6%, 11.7–65.4% and 23.5–42.0%, respectively. As for UTI, the main bacteria isolated were E. coli (six of six) and Klebsiella spp (six of six) with a positive rate of 20.0–72.3% and 10.0–28.5%, respectively. No bacterium was isolated in RTI group, but Human influenzae A and B were frequently found, with the highest positive identification rate in Tanzania (75.3%). Dengue virus (two of 12) was the most frequently reported viral infection with a positive identification rate of 16.7–30.8%. Finally, only rotavirus/adenovirus (69.2% positive identification rate) was found in GII and no bacterium was isolated in this group.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of treatable causes of non‐malaria fever episodes requires a proper diagnosis of the origin of fever followed by an appropriate treatment, thereby reducing the under‐5 mortality in sub‐Saharan Africa and preventing the overprescription of antibiotics and thus circumventing the rise of antibiotic resistance.
Cytologic features of hepatic fibrosis in dogs: a retrospective study on 22 cases
Authors: Masserdotti Carlo , Bertazzolo Walter 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionLiver cytology has diagnostic value for the identification of neoplastic and nonneoplastic hepatic diseases. However, so far the diagnosis of fibrotic changes has traditionally been restricted to histopathology.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the cytologic features that may help in the recognition of hepatic fibrosis.Materials and methodsCytologic smears from the liver of dogs histologically diagnosed with hepatic fibrosis (Group A) were selected and compared to liver smears from dogs without hepatic fibrosis (Group B). A differential count of hepatocytes, spindle cells, mast cells, granulocytes, lymphocytes/plasma cells, and macrophages was documented for each case, and means for the fibrosis and nonfibrosis group were compared.ResultsThe relative and total numbers of spindle cells and mast cells were significantly higher in the fibrosis group than in the nonfibrosis group. The optimal cutoff point for the spindle cells to hepatocytes ratio was 0.107 (ie, one spindle cell per 10 hepatocytes), with 95.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity for the cytologic diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis. The optimal cutoff point for the ratio mast cells to hepatocytes was 0.04 (ie, 4 mast cells per 100 hepatocytes) with 86.4% sensitivity and 90% specificity.DiscussionThe presence of relatively and absolutely increased numbers of spindle and mast cells in hepatic cytology provides a rational basis to identify fibrosis of hepatic parenchyma. Based on a reasonable sensitivity and specificity, the cytologic diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis seems feasible.
Retrospective evaluation of the administration of 25% human albumin to dogs with protein‐losing enteropathy: 21 cases (2003–2013)
Authors: Loyd Kimberly A. , Cocayne Christine G. , Cridland Julie M. , Hause Wayne R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the administration of 25% human serum albumin (HSA) to dogs diagnosed with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and protein‐losing enteropathy (PLE). The secondary objectives were to report any acute and delayed adverse events and the effect of corticosteroids on the development of these reactions.DesignRetrospective study (2003–2013).SettingPrivate referral hospital.AnimalsTwenty‐one client owned dogs diagnosed with PLE and idiopathic IBD that received ≥ 1 transfusion of 25% HSA. Dogs were included in the study if they had panhypoproteinemia, serum albumin concentration < 15.0 g/L [< 1.5 g/dL] or extravascular fluid accumulation, idiopathic IBD confirmed on histopathology, and complete medical records.InterventionsNone.Main ResultsTwo of the 21 patients (9.5%) developed signs consistent with an acute reaction; 1 of these dogs was euthanized due to the severity of the reaction. Two patients (9.5%) showed signs consistent with a delayed reaction; 1 of these dogs was euthanized 5 days after the reaction, though it is unclear whether the reaction and the euthanasia were related. Corticosteroid administration did not appear to affect the occurrence of adverse reactions.ConclusionsThis retrospective study demonstrated that the administration of 25% HSA to dogs with moderate to severe hypoalbuminemia from PLE was associated with occasional acute and delayed adverse events, some of which were severe or fatal.
Simultaneous extraction of endocardial and epicardial contours of the left ventricle by distance regularized level sets
Authors: Feng Chaolu , Zhang Shaoxiang , Zhao Dazhe , Li Chunming 
Published: May 2016

Purpose:Segmentation of the cardiac left ventricle (LV) is still an open problem and is challenging due to the poor contrast between tissues around the epicardium and image artifacts. To extract the endocardium and epicardium of the cardiac left ventricle accurately, the authors propose a two‐layer level set approach for segmentation of the LV from cardiac magnetic resonance short‐axis images.Methods:In the proposed method, the endocardium and epicardium are represented by two specified level contours of a level set function. Segmentation of the LV is formulated as a problem of optimizing the level set function such that these two level contours best fit the epicardium and endocardium, subject to a distance regularization (DR) term to preserve a smoothly varying distance between them. The DR term introduces a desirable interaction between the two level contours of a single level set function, which contributes to preserve the anatomical geometry of the epicardium and endocardium of the LV. In addition, the proposed method has an intrinsic ability to deal with intensity inhomogeneity in MR images, which is a common image artifact in MRI.Results:Their method is quantitatively validated by experiments on the datasets for the MICCAI 2009 grand challenge on left ventricular segmentation and the MICCAI 2013 challenge workshop on segmentation: algorithms, theory and applications (SATA). To overcome discontinuity of 2D segmentation results at some adjacent slices for a few cases, the authors extend distance regularized two‐layer level set to 3D to refine the segmentation results. The corresponding metrics for their method are better than the methods in the MICCAI 2009 challenge. Their method was ranked at the first place in terms of Hausdorff distance and the second place in terms of Dice similarity coefficient in the MICCAI 2013 challenge.Conclusions:Experimental results demonstrate the advantages of their method in terms of segmentation accuracy and consistency with the heart anatomy.
Nambu–Goldstone theorem and spin-statistics theorem
Authors: Fujikawa Kazuo 
Published: May 2016

On December 19–21 in 2001, we organized a yearly workshop at Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics in Kyoto on the subject of “Fundamental Problems in Field Theory and their Implications”. Prof. Yoichiro Nambu attended this workshop and explained a necessary modification of the Nambu–Goldstone theorem when applied to non-relativistic systems. At the same workshop, I talked on a path integral formulation of the spin-statistics theorem. The present essay is on this memorable workshop, where I really enjoyed the discussions with Nambu, together with a short comment on the color freedom of quarks.
Adult Asthma Consensus Guidelines Update 2003
Authors: Lemière Catherine , Bai Tony , Balter Meyer , Bayliff Charles , Becker Allan , Boulet Louis-Philippe , Bowie Dennis , Cartier André , Cave Andrew , Chapman Kenneth , Cowie Robert , Coyle Stephen , Cockcroft Donald , Ducharme Francine M , Ernst Pierre , Finlayson Shelagh , FitzGerald J Mark , Hargreave Frederick E , Hogg Donna , Kaplan Alan , Kim Harold , Kelm Cheryle , O’Byrne Paul , Sears Malcolm , Markham Andrea White ,   on behalf of the Canadian Adult Consensus Group of the Canadian Thoracic Society
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUND: Several sets of Canadian guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma have been published over the past 15 years. Since the last revision of the 1999 Canadian Asthma Consensus Report, important new studies have highlighted the need to incorporate new information into the asthma guidelines.OBJECTIVES: To review the literature on adult asthma management published between January 2000 and June 2003; to evaluate the influence of the new evidence on the recommendations made in the 1999 Canadian Asthma Consensus Guidelines and its 2001 update; and to report new recommendations on adult asthma management.METHODS: Three specific topics for which new evidence affected the previous recommendations were selected for review: initial treatment of asthma, add-on therapies in the treatment of asthma and asthma education. The resultant reviews were discussed in June 2003 at a meeting under the auspices of the Canadian Thoracic Society, and recommendations for adult asthma management were reviewed.RESULTS: The present report emphasises the importance of the early introduction of inhaled corticosteroids in symptomatic patients with mild asthma; stresses the benefit of adding additional therapy, preferably long-acting beta2-agonists, to patients incompletely controlled on low doses of inhaled corticosteroids; and documents the essential role of asthma education.CONCLUSION: The present report generally supports many of the previous recommendations published in the 1999 Canadian Asthma Consensus Report and provides higher levels of evidence for a number of those recommendations.
Montelukast as an Alternative to Low-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroids in the Management of Mild Asthma (the SIMPLE Trial): An Open-Label Effectiveness Trial
Authors: McIvor R Andrew , Kaplan Alan , Koch Caroline , Sampalis John S 
Published: May 2016

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of montelukast as monotherapy for patients with mild asthma who remain uncontrolled or unsatisfied while on inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) monotherapy.DESIGN: A multicentre, open-label study. Patients (six years of age or older) had ICS therapy discontinued and were treated with orally administered montelukast once daily for six weeks.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was the rate at which asthma symptom control was achieved or maintained after six weeks of treatment. The secondary outcome measures were to compare compliance and physician satisfaction, and to further assess the safety and tolerability of montelukast.RESULTS: Of the 534 patients enrolled, 481 (90.1%) completed the study. Mean (± SD) age was 27.8±19.0 years. The number of patients with uncontrolled symptoms decreased from 455 (85.2%) at baseline to 143 (26.8%) at week 6 (P<0.001), and mean Asthma Control Questionnaire score decreased from 1.4±0.8 to 0.6±0.6 (P<0.001), representing a clinically significant improvement. Of the 79 patients with controlled asthma symptoms at baseline, 73.4% maintained asthma control at week 6. Compliance to asthma therapy increased from 41% at baseline for ICS to 88% at week 6 for montelukast (P<0.001). Physician satisfaction with treatment increased from 43% to 85% (P<0.001) and patient satisfaction increased from 45% at baseline to 94% at week 6. No serious adverse events were reported over the course of the study.CONCLUSION: Montelukast is an effective and well-tolerated alternative to ICS treatment in patients with mild asthma who are uncontrolled or unsatisfied with low-dose ICS therapy.
A práxis enunciativa na publicidade contemporânea: a tensão entre permanência e fugacidade nos rituais de compra, uso e posse
Authors: Trindade Eneus , Hellin Pedro , Perez Clotilde , Lencastre Paulo , Batista Leandro Leonardo 
Published: May 2016

Existem diferentes modos de presença do visível em nosso meio (LANDOWSKI, 2004), a publicidade se configura como uma manifestação privilegiada da sociedade contemporânea, baseada na sinestesia, na polifonia e na visualização dos conceitos de singularidade e exclusividade. Este feito está evidenciado pelo deslocamento do material do produto ou da organização, a favor da desmaterialização simbólica, erodindo o concreto com a intenção de criar vínculos de sentido a partir da subjetividade para, com isso, estabelecer cumplicidade e identificação. A publicidade é uma presença efetiva, envolvente e intencionalmente acessível, criada como uma síntese da tensão entre a promessa de permanência (objetivo estratégico de produtos e marcas) e a fugacidade implacável característica do pragmatismo e o efêmero da oferta e a demanda contemporâneas. Neste contexto foram selecionados anúncios publicitários publicados nos últimos três anos nas principais revistas brasileiras, nas categorias de moda, tecnologia e alimentos, com mais de quinhentos exemplos. As categorias de produtos/marca foram selecionados a partir docritério de volume e frequência de aparição. Por meio de uma metodologia teóricoempírica, os anúncios foram analisados semioticamente e comparados com os mecanismos de transferência de sentido a partir das reflexões de McCracken (2003), o que permitiu acompreensão de como se realizam os processos de significação das marcas a partir dos rituais de compra, uso e posse evidenciados nos anúncios. Adicionalmente, analisamos os resultados sobre tendências obtidos na pesquisa do Observatório de Tendências doInstituto Ipsos (Brasil) e do Trend Report 2009/2010 do Instituto Trend Watching(Holanda). Há que se destacar que nas expressões plásticas e textuais publicitárias encontramos reflexos da sociedade em suas diferentes manifestações, seus valores e suas pautas de conduta, além de importantes índices para projetar previsões, o que reafirma a afirmação de que a publicidade é uma evidência privilegiada do mundo em que vivemos.
We are stories of stories telling stories: Playback Theatre
Authors: Teruel Tomás Motos , Serrano Jaime Álamo , Fields Donna Lee , Comes Pilar Ortega 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Playback Theatre is the spontaneous, instantaneous and unscripted presentation of vignettes, performed in conventional and unconventional venues. It functions under the premise that the telling of oral stories, when presented with specifically delineated elements and performed in interactive ways, is, in fact, an art form. Studies of Playback Theatre have focused on its use and effects in different scenarios: education, social intervention, health, psychotherapy and other similar organizations. However, there has been little concentration on the emotional and intellectual processes of audience members. The aim of this study is to use quantitative methodology to establish the level of satisfaction of an audience after a session of Playback Theatre, the benefits perceived, reflections on the methods used, feelings provoked by the narration of the stories, and the substantiate quality of the participation and experiences during the performances.
Creating alternative public spaces and negotiating identities and differences through community theatre praxes in Hong Kong and Taiwan
Authors: Wang Wan-Jung 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
With the rise of mainland China in the twenty-first century, Hong Kong and Taiwan have endeavoured to sustain and reassert their own cultural identities to resist Chinese hegemony, and political and economic dominance. The community theatre praxes devised and performed by community members and applied theatre practitioners in Hong Kong and Taiwan in recent years have created an alternative public sphere, and negotiated identities and differences in various communities. They have presented the shifting and dynamic relationship of settlement and mobility in our glocalized cities. This article aims to employ two case studies to investigate how these community theatre praxes present diverse local people’s histories, concerns and issues, and thus negotiate the constantly changing identities of Hong Kong and Taiwan through re-presenting different local voices. This research will employ theories of public sphere, cultural geography, and participatory and engaging community art to explore the social and cultural implications as well as the various aesthetic strategies adopted.
Theatre of the Oppressed on love, sex and gender: Hong Kong students’ reflections
Authors: Shu Jack 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This article is about facilitating university undergraduate groups to create and present Theatre of the Oppressed as a component of a compulsory drama course. Each small group created a dramatic piece about an issue of oppression, to be shared in a presentation session using techniques that included enhanced forum theatre. Themes of love, sex and gender (the gay teacher, the lesbian couple, the transsexual man, the transvestite man) emerged. Students’ reflections on prejudice and the cop in the head that led to this oppression are analyzed and states of metaxis are examined as part of my reflection on teaching. The concepts of image of reality and reality of image are explored and used to argue for appropriate theatrical treatments in Forum Theatre. The article concludes that students’ reflections were encouraged when realistic images were created appropriately, but were diminished when these images were wrongly focused or unable to convince theatrically.
Casually demystifying a sinister book: Playing with a bestseller whose content nobody is familiar with
Authors: Irmer Thomas 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In the framework of Kunstfest Weimar, Rimini Protokoll staged the premiere of Adolf Hitler: Mein Kampf, Vols. 1 & 2. Seventy years after the author’s death, the book’s copyright in Germany has expired, which raises the question of how much of a taboo and how dangerous the book still is. This question is also at the centre of the mentioned performance; it was made in cooperation with people connected to the book through personal stories, which sheds light on the book from other perspectives and at the same time demystifies it.
To make the whole world home-like: Binna Choi, Maiko Tanaka (eds.), Grand Domestic Revolution Handbook
Authors: Hvala Tea 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A review of the catalogue Grand Domestic Revolution Handbook, with which the Dutch gallery Casco concluded its Grand Domestic Revolution (GDR) project, dedicated to the “living research” of reproductive work. The author outlines the concept of the curators and editors Binna Choi and Maiko Tanaka, links it to American feminism of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and discusses it in terms of the works created for the project, especially those that appeared as part of the 19th City of Women festival in 2013. She appraises the GDR project, the GDR Handbook, and the exhibition in Ljubljana of GDR GOES ON as a risky but inspiring attempt to socialise reproductive work at the intersection of art, theory, activism, and everyday life.
The concreteness of the truth of artivism: Steirischer Herbst, Florian Malzacher et al., Truth Is Concrete – A Handbook for Artistic Strategies in Real Politics
Authors: Jelesijević Nenad 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
“A Marathon Camp for Artistic Strategies in Politics and Political Strategies”, which was part of the 2012 Steirischer Herbst festival, is a symptomatic example of subverting the horizontal modes of self-organisation to the benefit of the cultural industry of the existent or an aestheticisation of resistance. Despite its superfluous curatorial packaging, Truth Is Concrete (Sternberg Press, 2014), a collection of contributions by the project participants, can be a source of potential new reflections on artivism and (its) “nonviolence”. The key question that the event and the publication raise is why artivism often evokes ambiguous and mixed feelings.
Stage visions and strategies of contemporary performing practices – a broadly conceived analysis of the phenomena at the intersection of theory and practice: Valentina Valentini, Worlds, Bodies, Matters: Theatre of the Late Twentieth Century
Authors: Arhar Nika 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The first book in the new series Thinking Through Performance offers a mental feat of a concise survey of numerous performances by various artists and theatrical and philosophical concepts, which the author, Valentina Valentini, also observes within the fields of other disciplines. Three basic lines of investigation bring forth the visions of contemporary theatre worlds, their images and the strategies of their establishment, the expansion of the field while blurring the boundaries between visual art, the performative and new media, as well as the transformation of the actor into the autonomous body of the performer and the body that becomes plural, open, hybrid, space itself. With its in-depth and wide-ranging probing of the key phenomena in contemporary performing arts, its taking into account diverse perspectives, and its fragmentary approach within a complex field, the author has created a productive foundation for new starting-points and understandings in the dialogue between theory and practice.
Ethics-propelled functioning under the strain of questionable criteria
Authors: Kraigher Amelia , Malej Gašper , Vevar Rok 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This editorial offers a short commentary on the criteria of the Public two-year tender of the Slovenian Book Agency (Javna agencija za knjigo Republike Slovenije / JAK) for the selection of executors and co-funding of cultural projects in the field of books for the period of 2016–2017, namely: “Significance and the role of the applying journal in Slovenian culture and journal production”, “Significance of the proposed book publication project for the enrichment and development of Slovenian book market”, “Presentation of the planned activities for ensuring public accessibility of the applying journal and its promotion”, and “Presentation of the plan of activities to ensure accessibility and promotion of the book publication project”.
Approaching the real: The directorial approach of Jernej Lorenci in staging the Crazy Locomotive by Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz and The Wedding by Rudi Šeligo
Authors: Kraševec Eva 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
“Approaching the Real” utilises the author’s dramaturgical involvement in both to reflect on the creative process behind Jernej Lorenci’s productions of Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz’s The Crazy Locomotive and Rudi Šeligo’s The Wedding at SNG Drama Ljubljana, both characteristic of the director’s work. By revealing methods and concepts behind the staging of the plays, we can gain an insight into the director’s thinking, that is, the “reflective processing” of the creative team. These are productions in which we can talk about approaching the authentic or, better said, the so-called “real”, and which arose as collective creations of a homogenised authorial and acting team.