bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ligand‐ and Base‐Free Access to Diverse Biaryls by the Reductive Coupling of Diaryliodonium Salts
Authors: Arun V. , Reddy P. O. Venkataramana , Pilania Meenakshi , Kumar Dalip 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA ligand‐ and base‐free, Pd‐catalyzed protocol to access a wide range of symmetrical and unsymmetrical biaryls from stable diaryliodonium salts was developed. The reaction involved the use of an effective and recyclable Pd/polyethylene glycol‐400 catalyst system to harness the aryl moieties of two diaryliodonium salts; the ensuing biaryls may be utilized to synthesize an array of useful compounds, including 5‐aryluracils, carbazoles, chromenones, fluorenones, phenathridines, and boscalid analogues.
Predictors of Positive Treatment Outcome in People With Anorexia Nervosa Treated in a Specialized Inpatient Unit: The Role of Early Response to Treatment
Authors: Wales Jackie , Brewin Nicola , Cashmore Rebecca , Haycraft Emma , Baggott Jonathan , Cooper Amy , Arcelus Jon 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate factors which predict positive treatment outcome in inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN), particularly the role of early treatment response.Method102 patients entering specialist inpatient treatment were assessed for eating disorder history, psychopathology, and motivation to change. Predictive factors assessed were: early treatment response defined as weight increase of at least 0.5–1 kg/week during the first 6 weeks of treatment (n=87), admission body mass index (BMI), onset age, chronicity, motivation to change, diagnosis, and previous hospitalization for AN. Positive treatment outcome was defined as achieving a BMI of 17.5 kg/m2 within an individual time frame.ResultsLogistic regression indicated that patients were 18 times more likely to reach positive treatment outcome if they met the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence weight guidelines within the first 6 weeks of hospitalization. Higher admission BMI was also found to predict positive treatment outcome.DiscussionHigher entry BMI and early weight gain predict positive treatment outcome in individuals receiving specialist AN inpatient treatment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Decreased Emotional Perception in Obesity
Authors: Giel Katrin Elisabeth , Hartmann Armin , Zeeck Almut , Jux Anna , Vuck Alexander , Gierthmuehlen Petra C Guess , Wetzler‐Burmeister Edda , Sandholz Angelika , Marjanovic Goran , Joos Andreas 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundThere is hardly any empirical evidence on emotion processing by controlled studies in obesity.Material and MethodsParticipants rated their emotions in response to visual emotional stimuli from the International Affective Picture System. Study 1 compared obese women with normal‐weight controls and women with eating disorders. Study 2 compared obese men with normal‐weight controls.ResultsObese women had reduced emotional intensity scores for all basic emotions and the mixed emotion sadness–fear. Obese men had reduced scores for all emotions except happiness and disgust; anger showed a trend towards significance. The results were mainly based on ratings from non‐depressed obese individuals.DiscussionObese men and women scored significantly lower on most basic and mixed emotions. Non‐depressed obese subjects seem particularly affected. These new findings must be validated by further study, and longitudinal evaluation after weight loss, e.g. by bariatric surgery, will be of interest. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Selbstorganisation — Chapeau!
Authors: Herz Andreas , Wang Dong , Schaaf Peter 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWer metallische Filme aus Nanomaterial für elektronische Anwendungen nutzen möchte, braucht nanokleine Kügelchen in gleicher Größe und mit definierter Anordnung. Werkstoffforscher setzen jetzt auf die Hilfe der Natur. Das Zauberwort heißt „Entnetzen”︁ — das könnte neue Nutzanwendungen in Optik, Sensorik und Medizin unterstützen.
Multinuclear NMR Studies and Spin System Analyses on Dibenzo[c.e][1,2]Oxaphosphorine 2‐Oxides
Authors: Szakács Zoltán , Hägele Gerhard , Dékány Miklós , Ábrányi‐Balogh Péter , Keglevich György 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT2H‐Dibenzo[c.e][1,2]oxaphosphorine 2‐oxide (HDOPO), 2‐(N,N‐diethylamino)‐dibenzo[c.e][1,2]oxaphosphorine 2‐oxide (DEADOPO), and 2‐ethoxy‐dibenzo[c.e][1,2]oxaphosphorine 2‐oxide (EtODOPO) are fully characterized in CDCl3 by 1H, 13C, 31P, and 15N NMR spectroscopy on 800‐ and 500‐MHz instruments. A strategy enabling their unambiguous signal assignment is presented, with special emphasis on 2D 1H,13C HMBC spectra. Additional line‐shape iterations of the aromatic 1H multiplets (ABCDX and ABCDEX spin systems) provided all long‐range nJH,H and nJP,H coupling constants with utmost precision. The experimental results augmented with those of the model compound phenylphosphonous acid clearly demonstrate that nJH,H couplings of the PH proton as well as the nJP,C values do not decrease in a monotonic manner with the number of intervening bonds from the phosphorus atom. This fact may potentially lead signal misassignments, if the analysis starts out from the coupling constants, as it occurred for HDOPO in the recent publication by Wagner et al. (Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon, 187, 2012, 781–798). The corrected assignment will be given in the present paper. Finally, the A2M3X or ABM3X type 1H spectral patterns of ethyl groups are also analyzed and explicit equations are derived to evaluate the strongly coupled ABM3X multiplets in EtODOPO.
Attitudes to legalizing cannabis use
Authors: Williams Jenny , van Ours Jan C. , Grossman Michael 
Published: April 2016

SummaryIn this paper, we investigate the relationship between cannabis use and attitudes to legalizing the use of cannabis. Predictions from theory provide a means of learning about the roles of information, self interest and regret in explaining differences in attitudes to legalization between those who currently use, those who have used in the past and those who have never used. Our empirical investigation suggests that users have a greater awareness of cannabis not being as harmful as abstainers think it is. This may explain why individuals are more inclined to be in favor of legalizing cannabis once they have used it themselves. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Econometric Model of Healthcare Demand With Nonlinear Pricing
Authors: Kunz Johannes S. , Winkelmann Rainer 
Published: April 2016

SummaryFrom 2004 to 2012, the German social health insurance levied a co‐payment for the first doctor visit in a calendar quarter. We develop a new model for estimating the effect of such a co‐payment on the individual number of visits per quarter. The model combines a one‐time increase in the otherwise constant hazard rate determining the timing of doctor visits with a difference‐in‐differences strategy to identify the reform effect. An extended version of the model accounts for a mismatch between reporting period and calendar quarter. Using data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel, we do not find an effect of the co‐payment on demand for doctor visits. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,8‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones by Deprotective Cyclization of N‐{3‐[(2E)‐3‐Arylprop‐2‐enoyl]pyridin‐2‐yl}‐2,2‐dimethylpropanamides in Water
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Kosuna Risa , Imaoka Ayumi 
Published: April 2016

A new and convenient method for the preparation of 2‐aryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,8‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones 4 has been developed. Thus, N‐{3‐[(2E)‐3‐arylprop‐2‐enoyl]pyridin‐2‐yl}‐2,2‐dimethylpropanamides 3 are synthesized from commercially available pyridin‐2‐amine using an easily performed three‐step sequence and are subjected to cyclization with deprotection under acidic conditions in H2O to give the desired products. Similarly, 2‐aryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,7‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones 8 and 2‐aryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,6‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones 12 can be prepared from pyridin‐3‐amine and pyridin‐4‐amine, respectively.
Modelling storage‐driven connectivity between landscapes and riverscapes: towards a simple framework for long‐term ecohydrological assessment
Authors: Soulsby C. , Birkel C. , Tetzlaff D. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe importance of conceptualizing the dynamics of storage‐driven saturation area connectivity in runoff generation has been central to the development of TOPMODEL and similar low parameterized rainfall–runoff models. In this contribution, we show how we developed a 40‐year hydrometric data base to simulate storage–discharge relationships in the Girnock catchment in the Scottish Highlands using a simple conceptual model. The catchment is a unique fisheries reference site where Atlantic salmon populations have been monitored since 1966. The modelling allowed us to track storage dynamics in hillslopes, the riparian zone and groundwater, and explicitly link non‐linear changes of streamflows to landscape storage and connectivity dynamics. This provides a fundamental basis for understanding how the landscape and riverscape are hydrologically connected and how this regulates in‐stream hydraulic conditions that directly influence salmonids. We use the model to simulate storage and discharge dynamics over the 40‐year period of fisheries records. The modelled storage‐driven connectivity provides an ecohydological context for understanding the dynamics in stream flow generation which determine habitat hydraulics for different life stages of salmon population. This new, long‐term modelling now sets this variability in the riverscape in a more fundamental context of the inter‐relationships between storage in the landscape and stream flow generation. This provides a simple, robust framework for future ecohydrological modelling at this site, which is an alternative to more increasingly popular but highly parameterized and uncertain commercial ecohydrological models. It also provides a wider, novel context that is a prerequisite for any model‐based scenario assessment of likely impacts resulting from climate or land use change. Copyright © 2016 The Authors Hydrological Processes Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Copyright © 2016 The Authors Hydrological Processes Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Phosphorus use efficiency of improved faba bean (Vicia faba) varieties in low‐input agro‐ecosystems
Authors: Nebiyu Amsalu , Diels Jan , Boeckx Pascal 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe use of phosphorus (P)‐efficient legumes is a prerequisite for sustainable intensification of low‐input agro‐ecosystems. A study was undertaken in a farmer's field in the tropical highlands of Ethiopia to assess the agronomic performance, P acquisition efficiency (PAE), and P utilization efficiency (PUE) of six improved faba bean varieties (Vicia faba L. var. CS‐20DK, Degaga, Gebelcho, Moti, Obse, Walki) without and with P application. Varieties showed significant variations in PUE, but P application had no significant effect on PUE. Variety Moti demonstrated highest PUE of 272 kg grain kg−1 P, which was 1.6‐fold higher than the lowest PUE (164 kg grain kg−1 P) of Gebelcho. PUE was significantly and positively correlated with grain yield (r = 0.542) and negatively correlated with shoot PAE (r = –0.541), indicating that PUE is important for grain yield. The results demonstrate that variations in grain and biomass yield of faba beans were largely due to differences in PUE and not due to PAE. Therefore, we argue that genetic resources of faba bean varieties showing optimal agronomic performance and high PUE in low‐input agro‐ecosystems should be better explored. Introduction of such varieties in low‐input cereal‐based cropping systems could improve and enhance P use efficiency at the system level.
PT symmetry in a fractional Schrödinger equation
Authors: Zhang Yiqi , Zhong Hua , Belić Milivoj R. , Zhu Yi , Zhong Weiping , Zhang Yanpeng , Christodoulides Demetrios N. , Xiao Min 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe investigate the fractional Schrödinger equation with a periodic ‐symmetric potential. In the inverse space, the problem transfers into a first‐order nonlocal frequency‐delay partial differential equation. We show that at a critical point, the band structure becomes linear and symmetric in the one‐dimensional case, which results in a nondiffracting propagation and conical diffraction of input beams. If only one channel in the periodic potential is excited, adjacent channels become uniformly excited along the propagation direction, which can be used to generate laser beams of high power and narrow width. In the two‐dimensional case, there appears conical diffraction that depends on the competition between the fractional Laplacian operator and the ‐symmetric potential. This investigation may find applications in novel on‐chip optical devices.
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Intradetrusor injections of onabotulinum toxin A (Botox®) 300 U or 200 U versus abobotulinum toxin A (Dysport®) 750 U in the management of neurogenic detrusor overactivity: A case control study
Authors: Peyronnet Benoit , Castel‐Lacanal Evelyne , Roumiguie Mathieu , Even Lucie , Marque Philippe , Soulié Michel , Rischmann Pascal , Game Xavier 
Published: April 2016

AimsTo compare the outcomes of the first intradetrusor injections of abobotulinum toxin 750 U and onabotulinum toxin 200 and 300 U in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO).MethodsA retrospective case‐control study was conducted including 211 NDO patients treated in three consecutives eras with onabotulinum toxin 300 U (2004–2006; 80 patients), abobotulinum toxin 750 U (2007–2011; 78 patients) or onabotulinum toxin 200 U (2011–2014; 53 patients). Urodynamic and clinical parameters were compared between groups. The primary endpoint was the rates of success defined as the combination of urgency, urinary incontinence, and detrusor overactivity resolution.ResultsWhen comparing abobotulinum toxin to onabotulinum toxin any doses (200 or 300 U; n = 133), success rates were similar (65.4% vs. 55.6%; P = 0.16). Patients treated with abobotulinum toxin 750 U had higher success rate (65.4% vs. 41.5%; P = 0.007) compared to those who received onabotulinum toxin 200 U. In contrast, there were similar success rates in abobotulinum toxin 750 U and onabotulinum toxin 300 U groups (65.4% vs. 65%; P = 0.91) but with a trend towards longer interval between the first and the second injection in the onabotulinum toxin 300 U group (12.4 vs. 9.3 months; P = 0.09).ConclusionsIntradetrusor injections of abobotulinum toxin 750 U for NDO provided better outcomes than injections of onabotulinum toxin 200 U. Success rates of abobotulinum toxin 750 U and onabotulinum toxin 300 U were similar but interval between injections tended to be longer with onabotulinum toxin 300 U. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:734–739, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Branch‐and‐price‐and‐cut for the manpower routing problem with synchronization constraints
Authors: Luo Zhixing , Qin Hu , Zhu Wenbin , Lim Andrew 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this article, we propose a branch‐and‐price‐and‐cut (BPC) algorithm to exactly solve the manpower routing problem with synchronization constraints (MRPSC). Compared with the classical vehicle routing problems (VRPs), the defining characteristic of the MRPSC is that multiple workers are required to work together and start at the same time to carry out a job, that is, the routes of the scheduling subjects are dependent. The incorporation of the synchronization constraints increases the difficulty of the MRPSC significantly and makes the existing VRP exact algorithm inapplicable. Although there are many types of valid inequalities for the VRP or its variants, so far we can only adapt the infeasible path elimination inequality and the weak clique inequality to handle the synchronization constraints in our BPC algorithm. The experimental results at the root node of the branch‐and‐bound tree show that the employed inequalities can effectively improve the lower bound of the problem. Compared with ILOG CPLEX, our BPC algorithm managed to find optimal solutions for more test instances within 1 hour. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 138–171, 2016
E‐Government Technology Transfer: A Case Study of the Implementation of a European Patent Management System in Brazil
Authors: Cavalheiro Gabriel Marcuzzo do Canto , Joia Luiz Antonio 
Published: April 2016

SummaryIn order to bolster the emerging but still underdeveloped conceptualization of e‐government technology transfer, we examine the implementation of a European Patent Management System in Brazil. The case study provided in this article offers opportunities to improve understanding on technical and organizational issues associated with e‐government technology transfer. Our findings provide evidence that the transfer of e‐government technology from a European to a Brazilian context requires multiple adaptations of the original design, intensive learning on the side of the recipient organization, and flexible implementation plans. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relapsed or Refractory Lymphoblastic Lymphoma in Children: Results and Analysis of 23 Patients in the EORTC 58951 and the LMT96 Protocols
Authors: Michaux Katell , Bergeron Christophe , Gandemer Virginie , Mechinaud Françoise , Uyttebroeck Anne , Bertrand Yves ,   for the SFCE and the EORTC children leukemia group
Published: April 2016

BackgroundThe treatment of children with T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T‐LBL) and precursor B‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (pB‐LBL) has improved during the last decades. However, patients with relapsed or refractory lymphomas still have a poor prognosis.MethodsWe report the characteristics and evolution of T‐LBL and pB‐LBL relapses in two multicenter prospective studies (LMT 96, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 58951).ResultsFrom 1997 to 2008, 194 patients were included in these studies (157 T‐LBL; 37 pB‐LBL); among them, 23 patients underwent relapse or progression (18 T‐LBL and 5 pB‐LBL). The median age was 7.7 years (range 1.4–16.3). The survival rate at 8 years was 8.7% (21 deaths). The median time from diagnosis to relapse was 9 months [1–69] and 11 months [1–45] for T‐LBL and pB‐LBL, respectively. Twenty‐two patients received a second‐line treatment but remission was achieved in only seven patients. In 10 patients, intensification with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed and four of them had a second relapse. Two patients still alive had T‐LBL, experienced relapses 15 and 69 months after diagnosis, and received HSCT. Relapse during the intensive phase and second‐line treatment without HSCT were identified as risk factors for bad prognosis (P = 0.01).ConclusionsThe results of second‐line treatment, including intensive chemotherapy and HSCT, show that salvage treatment is still disappointing in controlling refractory forms. Early identification of patients at high risk of relapse is mandatory, allowing earlier intensification. Valid prognostic parameters, such as biological markers, are needed. International cooperation is warranted to collect more data on these rare diagnoses.
A high‐resolution regional reanalysis for Europe. Part 1: Three‐dimensional reanalysis with the regional HIgh‐Resolution Limited‐Area Model (HIRLAM)
Authors: Dahlgren P. , Landelius T. , Kållberg P. , Gollvik S. 
Published: April 2016

A regional reanalysis covering the years 1989–2010 has been produced with the HIgh Resolution Limited‐Area Model (HIRLAM) forecast model and data assimilation system. Surface and upper‐air variables were analysed at 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 UTC on a three‐dimensional grid‐mesh with 22 km spacing covering Europe using conventional insitu observations. Information from the global reanalysis ERA‐Interim has been used as a large‐scale constraint in the data assimilation and as lateral boundaries in the forecast model integrations.Comparison to the global forcing reanalysis shows good agreement in the large‐scale structures, as expected given the forcing from the boundaries and in the analysis. Comparison to the observed climatological distribution and a skill score evaluation showed that the HIRLAM reanalysis is better than ERA‐Interim at describing extreme values of 2 m temperature and 24 h accumulated precipitation. However, no added value in the HIRLAM reanalysis could be quantified for the wind speed at 10 m over land.The first production run covered the years 1989–2010 and the statistics presented in this paper are based on that dataset. This reanalysis has also been used as input to a two‐dimensional surface analysis using the MESoscale ANalysis (MESAN) system which is presented in Part 2. Since then both the two‐ and three dimensional reanalyses have been extended to cover the years 1979–2014.
Occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a green tea manufacturer
Authors: Tanaka Yuko , Shirai Toshihiro , Enomoto Noriyuki , Asada Kazuhiro , Oyama Yoshiyuki , Suda Takafumi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is caused by numerous agents, and one of its histopathological features is poorly formed granulomas. We report here a rare case of occupational HP caused by green tea, showing well‐formed granulomas. The patient, a 54‐year‐old woman who had worked for 15 years in a green tea factory, was referred for abnormal chest X‐ray shadows with cough and breathlessness over a 2‐month period. The chest X‐ray and high‐resolution computed tomography showed diffuse bilateral ground‐glass opacities and poorly defined centrilobular nodules. Histopathological examination of the thoracoscopic lung biopsy specimens showed bronchiolocentric interstitial pneumonia with well‐formed granulomas. Although the form of granulomas were atypical, laboratory data, CT findings, and intradermal skin testing suggested the diagnosis of subacute HP caused by green tea. After transfer to a different department, her condition improved markedly. Taking a precise medical history and avoidance of the suspected environmental agent proved useful in diagnosing this condition. © 2016 The Authors. Respirology Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of The Asian Pacific Society of Respirology