bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Accreditation Standards on the Quality of Continuing Nursing Education Activities as Perceived by the Learner
Authors: Novakovich Elaine M. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Continuing nursing education (CNE) activities are increasingly becoming a requirement for RNs to maintain licensure or certification and to remain competent in practice in the fast-changing health care environment. Regardless of the health care profession, continuing education should be a quality educational experience to positively influence practice and patient outcomes.

Method:
A 15-item matrix based on the 2013 American Nurses Credentialing Center Primary Accreditation criteria was used to evaluate CNE activities. The matrix reflected the characteristics that a learner should be able to identify when participating in a Web-based CNE activity.

Results:
A measurable learner-perceived difference was observed in the quality of the educational experience between educational activities developed by organizations using accreditation criteria, compared with those that did not.

Conclusion:
Learners can use accreditation criteria as one method to discriminate high-quality educational activities that are designed to positively influence practice and patient outcomes.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(4):157–164.
Experience of Novice Clinical Adjunct Faculty: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mann Carol , De Gagne Jennie C. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Despite the adjunct instructor's central role in the clinical training of nursing students, little research exists on the perspective of the clinical experts assuming this role. This qualitative study aimed to better understand how novice clinical adjunct faculty described their lived experiences in their significant role transition.

Method:
The sample consisted of nine novice adjunct clinical nursing faculty who provided direct clinical supervision of prelicensure students in the United States (i.e., Texas). The interview narratives were collected using an in-depth semi-structured approach. Conventional content analysis was used.

Results:
Four key themes emerged from the data: Unpreparedness; Facilitators and Barriers in the Transition; New Learning Needs and Processes; and Salient Recommendations to Pass On.

Conclusion:
Nursing programs that use adjunct faculty to sustain clinical education must support their vital contribution and fresh perspective. Targeted, organized, and consistent efforts will optimally integrate this group into the academe.

J Contin Nurs Educ.
2017;48(4):167–174.
Exploring Discrepancies in Perceived Nursing Competence Between Postgraduate-Year Nurses and Their Preceptors
Authors: Chen Shu-Hwa , Chien Li-Yu , Kuo Mei-Ling , Li Yi-Hui , Chiang Ming-Chu , Liu Ya-Ching 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Postgraduate clinical training programs improve the core competence of nurses. How postgraduate-year (PGY) nurses perceive their clinical competence and their preceptors' perceptions may affect program effectiveness. This study compared the perspectives of clinical competencies of PGY nurses engaged in a residency program in Taiwan with their preceptors' perspectives.

Method:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical center in Taiwan. The Nursing Competence Questionnaire was used to obtain data from 99 pairs of PGY nurses and preceptors.

Results:

PGY nurses' scores were higher than their preceptors' for communication, patient education, and management competencies (
p
<.05). Preceptors with more years of clinical experience exhibited greater assessment discrepancies for clinical care, communication, patient education, research awareness, and overall competence (
p
<.05).

Conclusion:
Preceptor development courses should be grounded in a strong pedagogical framework. An assessment tool with explicit behavioral indicators would be needed for objective evaluation from both perspectives.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(4):190–196.
Machines à copier
Authors: Shiga John 
Published: March 2017

Malgré le grand nombre d’études sur le copyright musical, rares sont les travaux qui explorent de manière directe et approfondie le rôle du droit dans la régulation de la mémoire musicale. En considérant l’enregistrement sonore comme une technologie mémorielle, il s’agit de comprendre la manière dont les lois régissant le copyright tentent de gérer l’impact d’une telle technologie sur les concepts juridiques de mémoire musicale et de subjectivité auctoriale. L’article analyse la jurisprudence concernant la « cryptomnésie » ou le plagiat inconscient aux Etats-Unis et au Canada, c’est-à-dire des cas où la défense consiste à démontrer l’impossibilité d’un accès à l’œuvre originale et donc l’impossibilité de sa copie. Ces similitudes contestées font apparaître la dispersion de la mémoire et de la créativité dans un réseau hétérogène comprenant non seulement les compositeurs, les musiciens et les producteurs, mais aussi les institutions et les machines : le sujet auctorial des discours et des pratiques juridiques s’en trouve radicalement décentré. Les procès de la fin du XXe siècle sur le plagiat inconscient anticipent les récentes campagnes juridiques contre le remix en forme de mash-up, le partage de fichiers en peer-to-peer et les autres pratiques populaires de reproduction de la musique en ligne. Ils annoncent les préoccupations actuelles concernant les subjectivités des créateurs ou consommateurs lorsqu’elles se trouvent entrelacées avec des technologies numériques. Le copyright est le lieu de surveillance et de normalisation de certains modes d’écoute et de mémorisation des enregistrements sonores, afin de désamorcer les tensions inhérentes au champ de la reproduction musicale capitaliste.
#MisconstruedIdentitiesMustFall collective: Identity formation in the current South African context: A practical theological perspective
Authors: Brunsdon Alfred R. 
Published: March 2017

In South Africa, 2015 was violently ushered out by several ‘must fall’ campaigns, of which the most prominent were the ‘fees’ and ‘Zuma must fall’ campaigns. These ‘must fall’ campaigns conveyed a new sense of urgency by the disgruntled masses towards certain institutions and individuals. Aligning with the ‘must fall’ analogy, the focus of this article is on combatting the notion of misconstrued identities in post-apartheid South Africa. Based on negative generalisation and perceptions of the ‘others’, misconstrued identities prohibit the formation of a collective identity that allows for peaceful co-existence. Consequently, the dynamics of collective identity formation and some of the possibilities for identity formation that reside within the Christian faith are investigated from a practical theological perspective. Given that a practical theological investigation takes both the context and theological reflection as points of departure, it is argued that it can contribute towards the dismantling of misconstrued identities to provide clues for the formation of a positive collective identity for South Africans.
Comparative antinociceptive effect of arachidonylcyclopropylamide, a cannabinoid 1 receptor agonist & lignocaine, a local anaesthetic agent, following direct intrawound administration in rats
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Prasoon Pranav , Gautam Mayank , Ray Subrata Basu 
Published: March 2017

Background & objectives:
Treatment of inflammatory pain with opioids is accompanied by unpleasant and, at times, life-threatening side effects. Cannabis produces antinociception as well as psychotropic effects. It was hypothesized that peripheral cannabinoid receptors outside the central nervous system could be selectively activated for relief of pain. This study was undertaken to measure the antinociceptive effect of type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1r) agonist arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA) in a rat model of inflammatory pain after intrawound administration and the effects were compared with lignocaine.

Methods:
Wounds were produced under controlled conditions by an incision in the right hind paw in rats. ACPA (10, 30 or 100 μg/10 μl) was administered directly into the wound. Antinociception was evaluated by guarding, allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. This was compared to lignocaine (30 μg/10 μl). Reversal of ACPA (30 μg)-mediated antinociceptive effect was attempted by intrawound AM251 (100 μg), a CB1r antagonist. Antinociception was also evaluated after contralateral administration of ACPA (30 μg). Primary afferent nociceptive input to the spinal cord was investigated by c-Fos expression after ACPA treatment (100 μg).

Results:
ACPA, but not lignocaine, inhibited guarding behaviour, which was locally mediated. Conversely, lignocaine, but not ACPA, inhibited thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia. ACPA-mediated inhibitory effect was reversible and dose dependent. It was associated with a decreased c-Fos expression. Locomotor activity was unaffected following ACPA (100 μg) treatment.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Lignocaine attenuated evoked pain behaviour whereas ACPA decreased guarding score. This difference was likely due to blockade of sodium ion channels and the activation of peripheral CB1r, respectively. Central side effects were absent after ACPA treatment. Further studies need to be done to assess the effect of ACPA treatment in clinical conditions.
Pioglitazone utilization, efficacy & safety in Indian type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Pai Sarayu A. , Kshirsagar Nilima A. 
Published: March 2017

Background & objectives:
With pioglitazone ban and subsequent revoking in India along with varying regulatory decisions in other countries, it was decided to carry out a systematic review on its safety, efficacy and drug utilization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India and compare with the data from the European Medicines Agency Assessment Report (EMA-AR).

Methods:
Systematic review was performed as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, searching Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases using ‘pioglitazone AND India AND human’ and ‘pioglitazone AND India AND human AND patient’ and compared with EMA-AR. Spontaneous reports in World Health Organization VigiBase from India were compared with VigiBase data from other countries.

Results:
Sixty six publications, 26 (efficacy), 32 (drug utilization) and eight (safety), were retrieved. In India, pioglitazone was used at 15-30 mg/day mostly with metformin and sulphonylurea, being prescribed to 26.7 and 8.4 per cent patients in north and south, respectively. The efficacy in clinical trials (CTs) was similar to those in EMA-AR. Incidence of bladder cancer in pioglitazone exposed and non-exposed patients was not significantly different in an Indian retrospective cohort study. There were two cases and a series of eight cases of bladder cancer published but none reported in VigiBase.

Interpretation & conclusions:
In India, probably due to lower dose, lower background incidence of bladder cancer and smaller sample size in epidemiological studies, association of bladder cancer with pioglitazone was not found to be significant. Reporting of CTs and adverse drug reactions to Clinical Trials Registry of India and Pharmacovigilance Programme of India, respectively, along with compliance studies with warning given in package insert and epidemiological studies with larger sample size are needed.
Synergism in dual functionality of cryptdin-2 in conjunction with antibiotics against Salmonella
Authors: Singh Aman Preet , Prabha Vijay , Rishi Praveen 
Published: March 2017

Background & objectives:
The emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella over the last two decades poses a major health risk. In this context, antimicrobial peptides have found a strategic place in the therapeutic armamentarium. Previously, we found that cryptdin-2 has the potential to augment the activity of conventional second- and third-generation anti-Salmonella antibiotics as evident by in vitro assays. In continuation to this, the present study was designed to evaluate the in vivo synergistic effects, if any, of cryptdin-2 in combination with ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone against murine salmonellosis.

Methods:
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies along with in vivo synergistic studies were performed using cryptdin- 2 and antibiotic combinations. In addition, peroxidative liver damage, levels of nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidant enzymes along with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were also measured.

Results:
The SEM results revealed marked changes on the outer membrane of the bacterial cells treated with various combinations. Both the tested combinations demonstrated synergistic in vivo potency against S. Typhimurium as evident by reduction in the number of Salmonellae in the liver, spleen and intestine. Analysis of peroxidative liver damage, levels of NO and antioxidant enzymes along with TNF-α and nuclear factor-kappa B levels revealed that the tested combinations restored their levels to near normal. The most potent combination was found to be that of cryptdin-2 and ciprofloxacin in terms of direct killing and immunomodulatory potential.

Interpretation & conclusions:
These findings suggest that cryptdin-2 may act in conjunction with conventional antibiotics indicating the possibility of developing these combinations as additional therapeutic agents to combat Salmonella infections.
Occupational Performance Coaching for Stroke Survivors: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kessler Dorothy , Egan Mary , Dubouloz Claire-Jehanne , McEwen Sara , Graham Fiona P. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We examined the feasibility of study procedures and explored the potential efficacy of Occupational Performance Coaching for stroke survivors (OPC–Stroke), an intervention designed to improve participation after stroke.
METHOD. In this pilot randomized controlled trial, 21 participants were randomized to receive the intervention or usual care. Recruitment, retention, and outcome completion rates were calculated. Direction of change and effect sizes were examined for the outcomes of participation, goal performance and satisfaction, goal self-efficacy, emotional well-being, and cognition.
RESULTS. Rates of recruitment (66%) and retention (81%) were satisfactory. Participation scores improved for both groups with different trajectories. Results showed a moderate effect of OPC–Stroke for goal performance (η2partial d = .075) and satisfaction (η2partial d = .078) and a large effect for cognition (η2partial d = .167). Other outcome measures did not change as expected.
CONCLUSION. Study procedures were generally feasible. Preliminary findings support testing to examine the efficacy of OPC–Stroke.
Development and Alternate Form Reliability of the Complex Task Performance Assessment (CTPA) for People With Mild Stroke
Authors: Saa Juan Pablo , Doherty Meghan , Young Alexis , Spiers Meredith , Leary Emily , Wolf Timothy J. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a common consequence of mild stroke. Current performance-based assessments for mild stroke can detect mild impairments in executive function but lack alternate forms to be used as outcome measures. This study aimed to develop an alternate form of the Complex Task Performance Assessment (CTPA–Alt), a performance-based assessment of executive function, and to establish the alternate form reliability of the CTPA–Alt. A repeated-measures study was conducted with 26 community participants. Participants were screened for eligibility and administered both forms of the CTPA; administration order was alternated. Overall performance was significantly correlated (rs = .44, p = .03), but pattern of scoring differed by CTPA form and order of administration. Our results indicate that the CTPA forms were similar but that the specific tasks in each form were different. The CTPA may be used as an ecologically valid outcome assessment with further considerations.
Quality of Life Perspectives of People With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Their Caregivers
Authors: Johnson Stephanie , Alonso Bryant , Faulkner Katie , Roberts Haley , Monroe Britton , Lehman Leigh , Kearney Pamalyn 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This study explored differences in perspectives on quality of life (QOL) between people affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and their caregivers. QOL is often thought of as related to physical limitations, without consideration of other factors (e.g., cognitive, emotional) that may be stronger predictors of QOL in people with long-term degenerative diseases. Because QOL is complex and influenced by multiple factors, people with ALS and their caregivers may have different perspectives on what constitutes QOL. This study investigated potential discrepancies in QOL perspectives between people with ALS and their caregivers. Thirty dyads from the Augusta University Health ALS Clinic completed a measure of QOL, and we compared the results and identified patterns. The most prominent finding was that members of the dyads misunderstood the mental experiences of one another.
Do Neglect Assessments Detect Neglect Differently?
Authors: Grattan Emily S. , Woodbury Michelle L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We determined whether various assessment tools detect neglect differently by administering a battery of assessments to people with stroke.
METHOD. We conducted a case series study and administered five neglect assessments (paper-and-pencil, functional, virtual reality) to participants poststroke.
RESULTS. Twelve participants (6 men, 6 women) with stroke completed the assessment battery, which required approximately 2 hr to administer (over one to two sessions). All participants demonstrated neglect on three or more assessments. Functional assessments and the virtual reality assessment detected neglect more frequently than the paper-and-pencil assessments. Participants performed differently on the paper-and-pencil assessments and functional assessments.
CONCLUSION. Because neglect is complex, detection may depend largely on the assessment administered.
National Institutes of Health Research Plan on Rehabilitation
Authors:   National Institutes of Health Medical Rehabilitation Coordinating Committee
Published: March 2017

Abstract
One in 5 Americans experiences disability that affects daily function because of impairments in mobility, impairments in cognitive function, sensory impairment, or communication impairment. The need for rehabilitation strategies to optimize function and reduce disability is a clear priority for research to address this public health challenge. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently published a Research Plan on Rehabilitation that provides a set of priorities to guide the field over the next 5 years. The plan was developed with input from multiple institutes and centers within the NIH, the National Advisory Board for Medical Rehabilitation Research, and the public. This article provides an overview of the need for this research plan, an outline of its development, and a listing of six priority areas for research.
Influences of breed, sex and age on seasonal changes in haematological variables of tropical goat kids
Authors: Habibu Buhari , Kawu Mohammed , Makun Hussaina , Aluwong Tagang , Yaqub Lukman , Dzenda Tavershima , Buhari Hajarah 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The influences of breed, sex and age on seasonal changes in haematological variables of kids (1–4 months old) belonging to Red Sokoto (n  =  60) and Sahel (n  =  60) goats were studied at the peaks of the cold-dry, hot-dry and rainy seasons in a West Africa Guinea savanna climate. The results showed that, during the hot-dry season, Sahel goat kids had significantly higher (P  <  0.05) packed cell volume (PCV) and red blood cell (RBC) count but lower (P  <  0.05) mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and total leucocyte count than Red Sokoto kids. Similarly, younger kids of both breed had significantly higher (P  <  0.05) PCV and RBC but lower MCV, MCH and MCHC compared with the older kids during the hot-dry season. Younger kids (1–2 months) of both breeds exhibited significantly (P  <  0.05) high PCV and RBC but low MCH and MCHC during the hot-dry season as compared with the cold-dry and rainy seasons, with the magnitude of the change being greater in Sahel kids. More remarkable seasonal fluctuations in haematological parameters were observed in buck kids than doe kids of both breeds. Multivariate analysis revealed a clear distinction between the change in haematological parameters during the cold-dry as compared with the hot-dry and rainy seasons, with MCV having the strongest discriminating power (0.91*). In conclusion, breed, age and sex variations in haematological variables of goats were more pronounced in the hot-dry season, during which the seasonal changes were more dramatic in kids of Sahel goats, as well as in younger and male kids of both breeds. These findings may be useful in the management of tropical goat kids in different seasons.
One-chip analog circuits for a new type of plasma wave receiver on board space missions
Authors: Zushi Takahiro , Kojima Hirotsugu , Yamakawa Hiroshi 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Plasma waves are important observational targets for scientific missions investigating space plasma phenomena. Conventional fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based spectrum plasma wave receivers have the disadvantages of a large size and a narrow dynamic range. This paper proposes a new type of FFT-based spectrum plasma wave receiver that overcomes the disadvantages of conventional receivers. The receiver measures and calculates the whole spectrum by dividing the observation frequency range into three bands: bands 1, 2, and 3, which span 1 Hz to 1 kHz, 1 to 10 kHz, and 10 to 100 kHz, respectively. To reduce the size of the receiver, its analog section was realized using application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) technology, and an ASIC chip was successfully developed. The dimensions of the analog circuits were 4.21 mm  ×  1.16 mm. To confirm the performance of the ASIC, a test system for the receiver was developed using the ASIC, an analog-to-digital converter, and a personal computer. The frequency resolutions for bands 1, 2, and 3 were 3.2, 32, and 320 Hz, respectively, and the average time resolution was 384 ms. These frequency and time resolutions are superior to those of conventional FFT-based receivers.