bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why HR and IT departments should talk talk
Authors: Pace Chris 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact that cyberattacks are having on organizations and the growing need these create for H.R. departments to collaborate more closely with IT departments.

Design/methodology/approach
Current thinking regarding managing cybersecurity suggests that it should be managed holistically, i.e. by the human resources (HR) department and information technology (IT) department working together more closely. This sees the IT department providing the IT security tools and the HR department providing the appropriate processes and procedures that need to be followed, as well as creating a necessarily more “vigilant” culture.

Findings
Several practical steps are outlined that will help HR departments protect themselves against a data breach.

Originality/value
Cyberthreats are amongst the top threats to UK business, according to the government. Managing cybersecurity has long been left almost solely to the technology experts. The continuing number of high-profile data breaches suggests that cybersecurity tools alone will not stop information leaking from companies. There is an important role for HR teams in encouraging and enforcing a more proactive, vigilant culture amongst the workforce and working more closely with IT to improve security practices.
Frequency dependence of anisotropy in fluid saturated rocks – Part II: Stress‐induced anisotropy case
Authors: Collet Olivia , Gurevich Boris 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA major cause of attenuation in fluid‐saturated media is the local fluid flow (or squirt flow) induced by a passing wave between pores of different shapes and sizes. Several squirt flow models have been derived for isotropic media. For anisotropic media, however, most of the existing squirt flow models only provide the low‐ and high‐frequency limits of the saturated elastic properties. We develop a new squirt flow model to account for the frequency dependence of elastic properties and thus gain some insight into velocity dispersion and attenuation in anisotropic media. In a companion paper, we focused on media containing aligned compliant pores embedded in an isotropic background matrix. In this paper, we investigate the case for which anisotropy results from the presence of cracks with an ellipsoidal distribution of orientations due to the application of anisotropic stress. The low‐ and high‐frequency limits of the predicted fluid‐saturated elastic properties are respectively consistent with Gassmann theory and Mukerji–Mavko squirt flow model. In the most important case of liquid saturation, analytical expressions are derived for elastic properties and Thomsen anisotropy parameters. The main observations drawn from this model are as follows. Crack closure perpendicular to the applied stress leads to an increase in seismic velocities as a function of stress in the direction of applied stress and a decrease in squirt‐flow‐induced dispersion and attenuation in this direction. The anisotropy of squirt flow dispersion engenders a decrease in the degree of anisotropy with frequency. The stress‐induced anisotropy remains elliptical, even in saturated media, for all frequency ranges.
Correlation of In Vivo and In Vitro Assay Results for Assessment of Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Green Tea Nutraceuticals
Authors: Abd‐ElSalam Heba‐Alla H. , Al‐Ghobashy Medhat A. , Al‐Shorbagy Muhammad , Nassar Noha , Zaazaa Hala E. , Ibrahim Mohamed A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGreen tea (GT)‐derived catechins; epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in particular are commonly used nutraceuticals for their free‐radical scavenging activity (FRSA). The influence of photodegradation on the protective power of GT nutracenticals against oxidative stress was thoroughly explored. Photodegradation of GT extracts was carried out and monitored using orthogonal stability‐indicating testing protocol; in vitro and in vivo assays. Total polyphenol content (TPC) and FRSA were determined spectrophotometrically while EGCG was selectively monitored using SPE‐HPLC. In vivo assessment of photodegraded samples was investigated via measuring a number of biomarkers for hepatic oxidative stress and apoptosis (caspase‐3, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, mitogen‐activated protein kinase, glutathione, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, nuclear factor kappa beta, and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor) as well as liver damage (alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase) in serum of rats previously subjected to oxidative stress. Results showed complete degradation of EGCG in photodegraded green tea samples with no correlation with either TPC or FRSA. On the other hand, in vivo assay results revealed not only loss of activity but formation of harmful pro‐oxidants. Photostability was found crucial for the protective effect of GT extract against lead acetate insult. Results confirmed that careful design of quality control protocols requires correlation of chemical assays to bioassays to verify efficacy, stability, and most importantly safety of nutraceuticals.
Toxicity of long chain fatty acids towards acetate conversion by Methanosaeta concilii and Methanosarcina mazei
Authors: Silva Sérgio A. , Salvador Andreia F. , Cavaleiro Ana J. , Pereira M. Alcina , Stams Alfons J. M. , Alves M. Madalena , Sousa Diana Z. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryLong‐chain fatty acids (LCFA) can inhibit methane production by methanogenic archaea. The effect of oleate and palmitate on pure cultures of Methanosaeta concilii and Methanosarcina mazei was assessed by comparing methane production rates from acetate before and after LCFA addition. For both methanogens, a sharp decrease in methane production (> 50%) was observed at 0.5 mmol L−1 oleate, and no methane was formed at concentrations higher than 2 mmol L−1 oleate. Palmitate was less inhibitory than oleate, and M. concilii was more tolerant to palmitate than M. mazei, with 2 mmol L−1 palmitate causing 11% and 64% methanogenic inhibition respectively. This study indicates that M. concilii and M. mazei tolerate LCFA concentrations similar to those previously described for hydrogenotrophic methanogens. In particular, the robustness of M. concilii might contribute to the observed prevalence of Methanosaeta species in anaerobic bioreactors used to treat LCFA‐rich wastewater.
Primary vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in pseudophakic eyes: 20‐gauge versus 25‐gauge vitrectomy
Authors: Süsskind Daniela , Neuhann Irmingard , Hilgers Ralf‐Dieter , Hagemann Ulrike , Szurman Peter , Bartz‐Schmidt Karl Ulrich , Aisenbrey Sabine 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPurposeTo report anatomical and functional outcome of 20‐gauge versus 25‐gauge primary pars plana vitrectomy for management of complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in pseudophakic eyes.MethodsProspective single‐centre randomized comparative pilot trial. Fifty patients with retinal detachment (RD) not complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade B or C, who cannot be treated with a single meridional sponge, were randomized (1:1) from November 2006 to January 2010 to either 20‐gauge or 25‐gauge vitrectomy as first surgical intervention and followed up over a 12‐month period, evaluating change in best‐corrected visual acuity, anatomical success and intraocular pressure dysregulation.ResultsMean visual acuity improved by 0.88 (SD 0.67) from 1.22 logMAR (SD 0.63) to 0.34 logMAR (SD 0.31) in the 20‐gauge group and by 0.53 (SD 0.91) from 0.86 logMAR (SD 0.73) to 0.34 logMAR (SD 0.46) in the 25‐gauge group. Final anatomical success rate was 100% and primary success rate was 69% at 6 months of follow‐up. In the 20‐gauge group, the retina was attached after one single procedure in 18 eyes (72%) and in 21 eyes (84%) of the 25‐gauge group. Two patients in the 25‐gauge group had hypotony at the first postoperative day which normalized within 6 weeks.ConclusionIn our series, transconjunctival sutureless 25‐gauge and 20‐gauge vitrectomy showed comparable results in pseudophakic RD not suitable for single sponge surgery with respect to visual outcome and retinal reattachment. Postoperative hypotony does not seem to be a significant problem of transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy.
Delivery room hospice
Authors: Garbi Lyndsey R. , Shah Shetal , La Gamma Edmund F. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAdvances in perinatal science over the past five decades have reduced the practical ‘threshold of viability’ by approximately one week every 10 years such that survivors are expected as early as 22 weeks. Ethical standards regarding treatment of this periviable patient population remain enigmatic.ConclusionWe review limitations in the current ethical rationale for caring for these infants in the delivery room and introduce an alternative utilising a delivery room hospice care approach involving the administration of opioids.
Two‐thirds of adolescents who received active perinatal care after extremely preterm birth had mild or no disabilities
Authors: Holsti A , Adamsson M , Serenius F , Hägglöf B , Farooqi A 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimActive perinatal care (APC) increases the survival of extremely preterm (EPT) infants, but may increase the rate of disabilities. We examined neurodevelopmental outcomes in adolescents aged 10–15 years who were born EPT and received APC in two Swedish tertiary care centres.MethodsCognitive function was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, and neurosensory impairments were assessed by reviewing the case records and a standard parent health questionnaire. The outcomes were compared to term‐born controls.ResultsWe assessed 132 EPT adolescents and 103 controls. The rates of cerebral palsy, moderate to severe visual impairment and moderate to severe hearing impairment were 9%, 4% and 6%, respectively, for the EPT children and zero for the controls. Serious cognitive impairment was present in 31% of the EPT adolescents and 5% of the controls. Combining impairments across domains showed that 34% of EPT adolescents had moderate and severe disabilities compared with 5% of the controls. Impairments were more common at 23–24 weeks of gestational age (43%) than at 25 weeks (28.4%).ConclusionTwo‐thirds (66%) of adolescents born EPT who received APC had mild or no disabilities. Our results are relevant for healthcare providers and clinicians counselling families.
The long‐term differential achievement effects of school socioeconomic composition in primary education: A propensity score matching approach
Authors: Belfi Barbara , Haelermans Carla , De Fraine Bieke 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundThe effects of school socio‐economic composition on student achievement growth trajectories have been a hot topic of discussion among politicians around the world for many years. However, the bulk of research investigating school socio‐economic composition effects has been limited in important ways.AimsIn an attempt to overcome the flaws in earlier research on school socio‐economic composition effects, this study used data from a large sample, followed students throughout primary education, addressed selection bias problems, identified the grade(s) in which school socio‐economic composition mattered the most, and studied the differential effects of school socio‐economic composition by individual socio‐economic status (SES).SampleIn a longitudinal design with seven occasions of data collection, the authors drew on a sample of N = 3,619 students (age at T1 about 5 years, age at T7 about 12 years) from 151 primary schools in Flanders (the northern part of Belgium).MethodStudents in low‐, medium‐, high‐, and mixed‐SES schools were matched using propensity scores. To compare students’ achievement growth trajectories in the different school compositions, multilevel regression modelling with repeated measurements was applied.ResultsThe results showed that students had more positive achievement growth in high‐SES as compared to low‐SES and mixed‐SES schools. In two of the three comparisons, students in mixed‐SES schools showed the lowest math development. The negative effects of mixed‐SES schools on math achievement growth were the strongest for high‐SES students.ConclusionsOur findings contribute to the ongoing discussion on the effects of school socio‐economic composition on student achievement growth.
Cultivating an ethic of wellness in Geography
Authors: Mullings Beverley , Peake Linda , Parizeau Kate 
Published: June 2016

Key Messages

There is a crisis of mental health in the academy.
This special issue, the first to address this crisis, brings together three bodies of research: geographers' understanding of the relationship between mental health, social space, and material places; mental health initiatives in higher education; and the neoliberalization of the academy.
In this introduction we discuss two particular foci: defining the crisis of mental health and wellbeing in neoliberalizing universities, and institutional and individual responses.
Watch a video presentation of this Special Issue
The emergency department as a ‘last resort’: why parents seek care for their child's nontraumatic dental problems in the emergency room
Authors: Mostajer Haqiqi Azadeh , Bedos Christophe , Macdonald Mary Ellen 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectivesOver the last two decades, there has been an increasing trend in the number of families using emergency departments (EDs) for treating their children's nontraumatic dental problems. We do not know why families use the ED in this way; to date, little research has addressed parents’ decisions. The purpose of this study was to explore the reasons that lead parents to select the ED over a dental clinic for their child's nontraumatic dental problem.MethodsUsing a qualitative descriptive design, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with parents of children under age 10 who sought care for nontraumatic dental problems in an ED of a pediatric hospital. The interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed, and coded for thematic analysis using Grembowski's dental care process model as a sensitizing construct.ResultsFifteen parents were recruited (ten mothers and five fathers). Three salient themes were identified: (i) parental beliefs and socioeconomic challenges which contributed to their care seeking, (ii) barriers parents faced in finding oral healthcare options for their children in their communities (e.g., poor access to care and poor quality of care), and (iii) parent's high satisfaction with the care provided through the ED.ConclusionsThe ED was families’ last resort; parents took their child to the ED because of the lack of other options in their communities rather than a belief that the ED was the best choice for dental care. The current pattern of ED use resulted in stress for these parents and repercussions for the children (e.g., pain, longer waiting, and increased complications); further, it has been shown in the literature to be an economic strain on the health system.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Longevity Protocol for Assessing the Risk of Implant Failure
Authors: Testori Tiziano , Clauser Carlo , Deflorian Matteo , Capelli Matteo , Zuffetti Francesco , Fabbro Massimo Del 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundA new, computerized diagnostic tool, called the Longevity Protocol, was recently developed to predict implant failure. The present retrospective analysis was undertaken to assess the prognostic validity of this protocol.Materials and MethodsA selected group of patients who had been treated with implants over the past 10 years at six dental clinics and experienced implant failure were included in the analysis. Another group of patients with similar characteristics, not experiencing implant failure, was used as control. In April of 2015, data about each of the patients was entered into the Longevity Protocol database. For each patient, the risk assessment produced by the protocol was compared to whether the implants eventually failed. The implant failure predictions and actual implant failures were compared.ResultsThe Longevity Protocol analyzed the possible failure of 595 implants placed in 221 patients (323 implants placed in 138 patients classified as low risk, 180 implants placed in 55 patients classified as moderate risk, and 92 implants placed in 28 patients classified as high risk). The actual percentage of implant failure in the three groups was 10%, 15%, and 22%, respectively. The differences between the groups were statistically significant.The sensitivity and specificity of the Longevity Protocol was 84.9% and 11.90% in the high/moderate risk group and 47.17% and 32.74% in the low risk group, respectively.ConclusionsStatistically significant results were obtained. The Longevity Protocol reliably identified patients who risked implant failure. The protocol appears to be an important tool for prognosis assessment.
Horizontal Ridge Augmentation using GBR with a Native Collagen Membrane and 1:1 Ratio of Particulated Xenograft and Autologous Bone: A 1‐Year Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Meloni Silvio Mario , Jovanovic Sascha A , Urban Istvan , Canullo Luigi , Pisano Milena , Tallarico Marco 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimTo clinically and radiographically evaluate bone regeneration of severe horizontal bone defects.Materials and MethodsThis study was designed as a single cohort, prospective clinical trial. Partially or fully edentulous patients, having less then 4 mm of residual horizontal bone width were selected and consecutively treated with resorbable collagen membranes and a 1:1 mixture of particulated anorganic bovine bone and autogenous bone, 7 months before implant placement. Tapered body implants were inserted and loaded 3 to 6 months later with a screw retained crown or bridge. Outcomes were: implant survival rate, any biological and prosthetic complications, horizontal alveolar bone dimensional changes measured on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) taken at baseline and at implant insertion, peri‐implant marginal bone level changes measured on periapical radiographs, plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing index (BoP).ResultsEighteen consecutive patients (11 females, 7 males) with a mean age of 56.8 years (range 24–78) and 22 treated sites received 55 regular platform implants. No patient dropped‐out and no implants failed during the entire follow‐up, resulting in a cumulative implant survival rate of 100%. No prosthetic or biological complications were recorded. Supraimposition of pre‐ and 7‐month post‐operative CBCT scans revealed an average horizontal bone gain of 5.03 ± 2.15 mm (95% CI: 4.13–5.92 mm). One year after final prosthesis delivery, mean marginal bone loss was 1.03 ± 0.21 mm (95% CI 0.83–1.17 mm). PI was 11.1% and BoP was 5.6%.ConclusionWithin the limitation of the present study, high implant survival rate and high average bone augmentation seem to validate the use of collagen resorbable membranes with a 1:1 mixture of particulated anorganic bovine bone and autogenous bone, for the reconstruction of severe horizontal ridge defects.
Mini‐MACS: development of the Manual Ability Classification System for children younger than 4 years of age with signs of cerebral palsy
Authors: Eliasson Ann‐Christin , Ullenhag Anna , Wahlström Ulla , Krumlinde‐Sundholm Lena 
Published: June 2016

AimTo develop the Mini‐Manual Ability Classification System (Mini‐MACS) and to evaluate the extent to which its ratings are valid and reliable when children younger than 4 years are rated by their parents and therapists.MethodThe Mini‐MACS was created by making adjustments to the MACS. The development involved a pilot project, consensus discussions within an expert group, and the creation of a test version of the Mini‐MACS that was evaluated for content validity and interrater reliability. A convenience sample of 61 children with signs of cerebral palsy aged 12 to 51 months (mean age 30.2mo [SD 10.1]) were classified by one parent and two occupational therapists across a total of 64 assessments. Agreement between the parents' and therapists' ratings was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the percentage of agreement.ResultsThe first sentence of the five levels in the MACS was kept, but other descriptions within the Mini‐MACS were adjusted to be more relevant for the younger age group. The ICC between parents and therapists was 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–0.92), and for the two therapists it was 0.97 (95% CI 0.78–0.92). Most parents and therapists found the descriptions in the Mini‐MACS suitable and easy to understand.InterpretationThe Mini‐MACS seems applicable for children from 1 to 4 years of age.
Use of modified Atkins diet in glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome
Authors: Amalou Sofiane , Gras Domitille , Ilea Adina , Greneche Marie‐Odile , Francois Laurent , Bellavoine Vanina , Delanoe Catherine , Auvin Stéphane 
Published: June 2016

AimGlucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1‐DS) results from impaired glucose transport into the brain, and is treated with a ketogenic diet. A few reports have suggested effectiveness of treatment using the modified Atkins diet (MAD). We aimed to assess the efficacy of MAD as a treatment for GLUT1‐DS.MethodWe evaluated the efficacy of MAD in 10 patients (four males, six females; mean age at diagnosis [SD] 6.2y [1.7], min–max: 4mo–12y) with GLUT1‐DS.ResultsMAD was started at diagnosis in eight patients, including two infants. The mean duration (SD) under MAD was 2.5 [0.6] years (range 6mo–6y). Seven patients with epilepsy started MAD at GLUT1‐DS diagnosis, and all experienced improvements in their epilepsy: five out of seven were seizure‐free at M1, and three out of six at M3 and M6. The initiation of MAD allowed symptoms to be controlled in the three patients with movement disorders but without seizures. Two patients switched from the ketogenic diet to MAD. This switch was not responsible for the recurrence of any symptoms, and led to improvements in both physical abilities and growth parameters.InterpretationMAD, which is a less restrictive and more palatable diet than the ketogenic diet, seems to have comparable effectiveness. Moreover, a switch from the ketogenic diet to MAD appears to be beneficial for patients with GLUT1‐DS.
Fiscal Policy and Inflation in a Monetary Union
Authors: Cardoso‐Costa José‐Miguel , Lewis Vivien 
Published: June 2016

We study optimal fiscal policies in a small monetary union country. The government uses nominal non‐state‐contingent debt and distortionary labour taxes to finance exogenous spending. Price levels differ across countries due to consumption home bias; thus fiscal policy influences inflation and the terms of trade. Prices are flexible. We show that, unlike in a country with an independent monetary policy, some variability in labour taxes is optimal. With nominal public debt there is an incentive to use taxes to inflate in bad times when debt levels are high, reminiscent of the optimal monetary policy result of Chari et al. ().
Foreign banks, financial crises and macroeconomic fluctuations
Authors: Önder Zeynep , Özyıldırım Süheyla 
Published: June 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the implications of increased foreign bank presence is especially compelling in periods of financial crisis. In this paper, we explore this issue by examining the relationship between the involvement of foreign banks in the banking systems and the volatility of key macroeconomic variables in normal and crisis periods. Using a sample of 20 Emerging European countries from 1998 to 2013, we find that an increase in the assets of foreign banks in the banking system reduces output and consumption growth volatility in general but does not significantly affect the volatility of investments. However, these banks were found to play a significant role in increasing output, consumption and investment volatility in 2009. Our findings suggest that foreign banks’ harmful impact during the global crisis was only temporary and that they seem to help Emerging European countries stabilize macroeconomic volatility in normal times and after the global crisis.