bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ketogenic parenteral nutrition in 17 pediatric patients with epilepsy
Authors: Dressler Anastasia , Haiden Nadja , Trimmel‐Schwahofer Petra , Benninger Franz , Samueli Sharon , Gröppel Gudrun , Spatzierer Sina , Mühlebner Angelika , Abraham Klaus , Feucht Martha 
Published: October 2017

SummaryObjectiveKetogenic parenteral nutrition (kPN) is indicated when enteral intake is temporarily limited or impossible, but evidence‐based prescriptions are lacking. Objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of kPN in children with epileptic encephalopathies using a new computer‐based algorithm for accurate component calculating.MethodsChildren with epilepsy receiving kPN were included. A computer‐based algorithm was established on the basis of guidelines of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN): fat intake not exceeding 4 g/kg/day, age‐adequate supply of protein, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements, but reduced carbohydrates. Primary outcome was successfully reaching relevant ketosis, defined as beta‐hydroxybutyrate plasma level of ≥ 2 mmol/L. Efficacy was defined as seizure reduction ≥50% in de novo kPN and maintenance of response in children already on a ketogenic diet (KD). Safety was assessed by adverse effects, laboratory findings, and the appropriateness of nutritional intake.ResultsSeventeen children (median 1.84 years) were studied, of which 76% (13/17) were already on an oral ketogenic diet. Indications for kPN were surgery, status epilepticus, vomiting, food refusal, and introduction of enteral feeding in neonates. The parenteral fat/nonfat ratio was mean 0.9 (±0.3; range 0.6–1.5). Relevant ketosis was reached in 10 children (median 2.9 mmol/L), but not in 7 (median = 1.4 mmol/L). In de novo kPN, significant response was observed in 50% (2/4); in patients previously responding to the KD (77%, 10/13), response was maintained. A significant correlation between the degree of ketosis and seizure reduction (correlation coefficient = 0.691; p = .002) was observed. Only mild and transient adverse events occurred during kPN.SignificanceKPN with fat intake of 3.5–4.0 g/kg/day was safe and effective. KPN was tailored according to guidelines and individual nutritional needs. In nearly half of the patients, ketosis was lower than during oral KD. Despite this, seizures remained controlled.
Radiation‐induced brain structural and functional abnormalities in presymptomatic phase and outcome prediction
Authors: Ding Zhongxiang , Zhang Han , Lv Xiao‐Fei , Xie Fei , Liu Lizhi , Qiu Shijun , Li Li , Shen Dinggang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRadiation therapy, a major method of treatment for brain cancer, may cause severe brain injuries after many years. We used a rare and unique cohort of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with normal‐appearing brains to study possible early irradiation injury in its presymptomatic phase before severe, irreversible necrosis happens. The aim is to detect any structural or functional imaging biomarker that is sensitive to early irradiation injury, and to understand the recovery and progression of irradiation injury that can shed light on outcome prediction for early clinical intervention. We found an acute increase in local brain activity that is followed by extensive reductions in such activity in the temporal lobe and significant loss of functional connectivity in a distributed, large‐scale, high‐level cognitive function‐related brain network. Intriguingly, these radiosensitive functional alterations were found to be fully or partially recoverable. In contrast, progressive late disruptions to the integrity of the related far‐end white matter structure began to be significant after one year. Importantly, early increased local brain functional activity was predictive of severe later temporal lobe necrosis. Based on these findings, we proposed a dynamic, multifactorial model for radiation injury and another preventive model for timely clinical intervention. Hum Brain Mapp 39:407–427, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predicting auditory feedback control of speech production from subregional shape of subcortical structures
Authors: Tang Xiaoying , Chen Na , Zhang Siyun , Jones Jeffery A. , Zhang Baofeng , Li Jingyuan , Liu Peng , Liu Hanjun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlthough a growing body of research has focused on the cortical sensorimotor mechanisms that support auditory feedback control of speech production, much less is known about the subcortical contributions to this control process. This study examined whether subregional anatomy of subcortical structures assessed by statistical shape analysis is associated with vocal compensations and cortical event‐related potentials in response to pitch feedback errors. The results revealed significant negative correlations between the magnitudes of vocal compensations and subregional shape of the right thalamus, between the latencies of vocal compensations and subregional shape of the left caudate and pallidum, and between the latencies of cortical N1 responses and subregional shape of the left putamen. These associations indicate that smaller local volumes of the basal ganglia and thalamus are predictive of slower and larger neurobehavioral responses to vocal pitch errors. Furthermore, increased local volumes of the left hippocampus and right amygdala were predictive of larger vocal compensations, suggesting that there is an interplay between the memory‐related subcortical structures and auditory‐vocal integration. These results, for the first time, provide evidence for differential associations of subregional morphology of the basal ganglia, thalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala with neurobehavioral processing of vocal pitch errors, suggesting that subregional shape measures of subcortical structures can predict behavioral outcome of auditory‐vocal integration and associated neural features. Hum Brain Mapp 39:459–471, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The bumps under the hippocampus
Authors: Chang Cheng , Huang Chuan , Zhou Naiyun , Li Shawn Xiang , Ver Hoef Lawrence , Gao Yi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractShown in every neuroanatomy textbook, a key morphological feature is the bumpy ridges, which we refer to as hippocampal dentation, on the inferior aspect of the hippocampus. Like the folding of the cerebral cortex, hippocampal dentation allows for greater surface area in a confined space. However, examining numerous approaches to hippocampal segmentation and morphology analysis, virtually all published 3D renderings of the hippocampus show the inferior surface to be quite smooth or mildly irregular; we have rarely seen the characteristic bumpy structure on reconstructed 3D surfaces. The only exception is a 9.4T postmortem study (Yushkevich et al. [2009]: NeuroImage 44:385–398). An apparent question is, does this indicate that this specific morphological signature can only be captured using ultra high‐resolution techniques? Or, is such information buried in the data we commonly acquire, awaiting a computation technique that can extract and render it clearly? In this study, we propose an automatic and robust super‐resolution technique that captures the fine scale morphometric features of the hippocampus based on common 3T MR images. The method is validated on 9.4T ultra‐high field images and then applied on 3T data sets. This method opens possibilities of future research on the hippocampus and other sub‐cortical structural morphometry correlating the degree of dentation with a range of diseases including epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia. Hum Brain Mapp 39:472–490, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novel self‐gelling injectable hydrogel/alpha‐tricalcium phosphate composites for bone regeneration: Physiochemical and microcomputer tomographical characterization
Authors: Douglas Timothy E. L. , Schietse Josefien , Zima Aneta , Gorodzha Svetlana , Parakhonskiy Bogdan V. , KhaleNkow Dmitry , Shkarin Roman , Ivanova Anna , Baumbach Tilo , Weinhardt Venera , Stevens Christian V. , Vanhoorne Valérie , Vervaet Chris , Balcaen Lieve , Vanhaecke Frank , Slośarczyk Anna , Surmeneva Maria A. , Surmenev Roman A. , Skirtach Andre G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMineralized hydrogels are increasingly gaining attention as biomaterials for bone regeneration. The most common mineralization strategy has been addition of preformed inorganic particles during hydrogel formation. This maintains injectability. One common form of bone cement is formed by mixing particles of the highly reactive calcium phosphate alpha‐tricalcium phosphate (α‐TCP) with water to form hydroxyapatite (HA). The calcium ions released during this reaction can be exploited to crosslink anionic, calcium‐binding polymers such as the polysaccharide gellan gum (GG) to induce hydrogel formation. In this study, three different amounts of α‐TCP particles were added to GG polymer solution to generate novel, injectable hydrogel‐inorganic composites. Distribution of the inorganic phase in the hydrogel was studied by high resolution microcomputer tomography (µCT). Gelation occurred within 30 min. α‐TCP converted to HA. µCT revealed inhomogeneous distribution of the inorganic phase in the composites. These results demonstrate the potential of the composites as alternatives to traditional α‐TCP bone cement and pave the way for incorporation of biologically active substances and in vitro and in vivo testing. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 822–828, 2018.
Mesoderm‐specific transcript localization in the ER and ER‐lipid droplet interface supports a role in adipocyte hypertrophy
Authors: Prudovsky Igor , Anunciado‐Koza Rea P. , Jacobs Chester G. , Kacer Doreen , Siviski Matthew E. , Koza Robert A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHighly variable expression of mesoderm‐specific transcript (Mest) in adipose tissue among genetically homogeneous mice fed an obesogenic diet, and its positive association with fat mass expansion, suggests that Mest is an epigenetic determinant for the development of obesity. Although the mechanisms by which MEST augments fat accumulation in adipocytes have not been elucidated, it has sequence homology and catalytic peptide motifs which suggests that it functions as an epoxide hydrolase or as a glycerol‐ or acylglycerol‐3‐phosphate acyltransferase. To better understand MEST function, detailed studies were performed to precisely define the intracellular organelle localization of MEST using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. Lentiviral‐mediated expression of a C‐terminus Myc‐DDK‐tagged MEST fusion protein expressed in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes/adipocytes, and ear‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (EMSC) from mice was observed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes and is consistent with previous studies showing endogenous MEST in the membrane fraction of adipose tissue. MEST was not associated with the Golgi apparatus or mitochondria; however, frequent contacts were observed between MEST‐positive ER and mitochondria. MEST‐positive domains were also shown on the plasma membrane (PM) of non‐permeabilized cells but they did not co‐localize with ER‐PM bridges. Post‐adipogenic differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and EMSC showed significant co‐localization of MEST with the lipid droplet surface marker perilipin at contact points between the ER and lipid droplet. Identification of MEST as an ER‐specific protein that co‐localizes with lipid droplets in cells undergoing adipogenic differentiation supports a function for MEST in the facilitation of lipid accumulation and storage in adipocytes.
Retracted: MicroRNA‐103 confers the resistance to long‐treatment of adriamycin to human leukemia cells by regulation of COP1
Authors: Wan Lin , Tian Yanlong , Zhang Rui , Peng Zhuo , Sun Jiangli , Zhang Wanggang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAdriamycin (ADR) is an anti‐cancer drug which offers improvement in survival for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. However, the drug resistance is almost inevitable. Increasing evidences suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) were associated with cancer chemo‐resistance. Here, we aimed to explore the possible mechanism of miR‐103 affected resistance to ADR in AML cells. Different concentrations of ADR were used to induce K562 and KASUMI‐1 cells, and miR‐103 mimic, inhibitor were transfected into K562 and KASUMI‐1 cells. Cell viability and proliferation were determined by trypan blue staining and MTT assays for evaluating K562 and KASUMI‐1 cells drug resistance. The relationship of miR‐103 and COP1, Trib1, and C/EBPα were analyzed by qRT‐PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation, viability were detected again. Besides, the expressions of main factors of cell cycle and PI3K/AKT signal pathway were analyzed by Western blot. Results showed that ADR inhibited cell viability and proliferation in K562 and KASUMI‐1 cells. However, K562 and KASUMI‐1 cells appeared drug resistance for 50 passages at 0.8 µM of ADR. In addition, miR‐103 expression was up‐regulated in ADR‐resistant K562 cells (K562/ADR) and overexpression of miR‐103 increased K562 cells drug resistance via promoting cell viability and cell cycle‐related factors expressions. COP1 was positively regulated by miR‐103, suppression of miR‐103 recovered K562/ADR cells drug resistance by regulation of COP1, Trib1, and C/EBPα. Besides, miR‐103 blocked PI3K/AKT signal pathway by regulation of COP1. These data indicated that miR‐103 was up‐regulated in drug resistant cells and it may regulate ADR‐resistance by regulation of COP1 in AML cells.
The effects of Curcumin on HCT‐116 cells proliferation and apoptosis via the miR‐491/PEG10 pathway
Authors: Li Bai , Shi Chong , Li Bo , Zhao Jing‐Ming , Wang Lei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPaternally expressed gene‐10 (PEG10) could participate in several carcinomas and might be regulated by miR‐491. To now, miR‐491 was found to play an important role in the sensitivity and mechanism of drug usage in the treatment of colorectal cancer, and drug resistance is a key factor to affect the disease healing. In this study, miR‐491, PEG10, Wnt1, and β‐catenin expression levels and their correlation with colorectal cancer were assessed in cancer tissues and adjacent parts. And the target relationship between PEG10 and miR‐491 was verified. Meanwhile, the impaction of Curcumin on miR‐491, PEG10, and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway were analyzed in HCT‐116 cells. The effects of PEG10 and Curcumin on human HCT‐116 cells proliferation and apoptosis were investigated by MTT and flow cytometry assay. Results showed that the expression of miR‐491 in colon cancer tissues was decreased, but PEG10, Wnt1, and β‐catenin were higher than that in adjacent tissues. The PEG10 gene 3′ UTR could combine with miR‐491 seed sequence and miR‐491 overexpression could cause a decrease in PEG10, Wnt1, and β‐catenin levels in human HCT‐116 cells. Furthermore, PEG10 overexpression increased the expression levels of Wnt1 and β‐catenin, thereby promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. In addition, Curcumin could up‐regulate miR‐491, inhibit PEG10, and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Consequently, Curcumin reduced HCT‐116 cells proliferation and promoted cells apoptosis via the miR‐491/PEG10 pathway. In conclusion, PEG10 was a target gene of miR‐491, miR‐491/PEG10 strengthen the sensitivity of Curcumin in HCT‐116 cells proliferation and apoptosis, which might act as an ideal diagnostic biomarker treatment methods.
Drug repurposing: An approach to tackle drug resistance inS. typhimurium
Authors: Balasundaram Preethi , Veerappapillai Shanthi , Krishnamurthy Suthindhiran , Karuppasamy Ramanathan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDrug resistantS. typhimuriumpose important public health problem. The development of effective drugs with novel mechanism(s) of action is needed to overcome issues pertaining to drug resistance. Drug repurposing based on computational analyses is considered a viable alternative strategy to circumvent this issue. In this context, 1309 FDA‐approved drugs molecules from Mantra 2.0 database were analyzed for this study, againstS. typhimurium. Sixteen compounds having similar profiles of gene expression as quinolones were identified from the database, Mantra 2.0. Further, the pharmacophore characteristics of each resultant molecule were identified and compared with the features of nalidixic acid, using the PharamGist program. Subsequently, the activities of these compounds againstS. typhimuriumDNA gyrase were identified, using molecular docking study. Side effects analysis was also performed for the identified compounds. Molecular dynamics simulation was carried out for the compound to validate its binding efficiency. Further, characterization of screened compound revealed IC50 values in micromolar concentration range, of which flufenamic acid showed comparable in vitro activity alongside ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid. Thus represent interesting starting points for further optimization againstS. typhimuriuminfections. It may be noted that the results we have obtained are the first experimental evidence of flufenamic acid activity againstS. typhimurium.
Antiproliferative, Cytotoxic, and Apoptotic Effects of New Benzimidazole Derivatives Bearing Hydrazone Moiety
Authors: Acar Çevik Ulviye , Sağlık Begüm Nurpelin , Korkut Büşra , Özkay Yusuf , Ilgın Sinem 
Published: October 2017

In order to take the advantages of the anticancer properties of benzimidazoles and hydrazones, we synthesized new 4‐(5‐chloro‐1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐yl)‐benzoic acid benzylidene hydrazide derivatives (3a–3t) and evaluated their anticancer activity against A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma) and MCF‐7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cells. The structures of the compounds (3a–3t) were confirmed by IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analyses. Antiproliferative activities of the compounds were evaluated using MTT assay, BrdU method, and flow cytometric analysis. In addition, with purpose of determining selectivity the cytotoxic activities of the final compounds were screened against healthy NIH3T3 cell line (mouse vembryonic fibroblast cells). Among the tested compounds 3e and 3f showed significant cytotoxic activity against A549 and MCF‐7 cancer cells with an IC50 value of 0.0316 μM. Furthermore, compound 3p showed remarkable cytotoxic activity against MCF‐7 comparing with standard drug cisplatin. Annexin V‐FITC assay also suggested that this compounds induced cell death by apoptosis.
Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Anti‐mycobacterial Activity of Propylene‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐methylene‐tethered Isatin‐moxifloxacin Hybrids
Authors: Hu Yuan‐Qiang , Fan Jing , Song Xu‐Feng 
Published: October 2017

Ten propylene‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐methylene‐tethered isatin‐moxifloxacin hybrids 5a–j were synthesized via Cu‐promoted azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction, and screened for their in vitro anti‐mycobacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis. The results showed that all the synthesized hybrids [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC): 0.25–4.0 μg/mL] displayed considerable activities against the tested two strains, but all less active than the parent moxifloxacin (MIC: 0.10 and 0.12 μg/mL). The resistance index of the most targets was around 1, suggesting this kind of hybrids could reduce the cross–resistance to some extent. Among them, hybrid 5 g was found most active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv with MIC of 0.39 μg/mL, which was comparable with rifampicin (MIC: 0.39 μg/mL), while conjugate 5a (MIC: 0.25 μg/mL) was 128– > 512 times more active than rifampicin (MIC: 32 μg/mL) and isoniazid (MIC: >128 μg/mL) against multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis.
The Combination of icariin and constrained dynamic loading stimulation attenuates bone loss in ovariectomy‐induced osteoporotic mice
Authors: Wang Qiang‐Song , Wang Gui‐Fang , Lu Yu‐Ren , Cui Yuan‐Lu , Li Hao , Li Rui‐Xin , Zhang Xi‐Zheng , Zhang Chun‐Qiu , Liu Tian‐Jun 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTOsteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and progressive destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increasing the risk of fracture. Icariin (ICA) as a phytoestrogen shows osteogenic effects, and the mechanical stimulation has been demonstrated the improving effect on osteoporosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ICA in combination with constrained dynamic loading (CDL) stimulation on osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. The serum hormone levels, bone turnover markers, trabecular architecture, ulnar biomechanical properties, and the expression of osteoblast‐related gene (alkaline phosphatase, ALP; osteocalcin, OCN; bone morphogenetic protein‐2, BMP‐2; Collagen I (α1), COL1; osteoprotegerin, OPG) and osteoclast‐related genes (receptor activators of NF‐κB ligand, RANKL; tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase, TRAP) were analyzed. The results showed that ICA + CDL treatment could increase the osteocalcin (20.85%), estradiol levels (20.61%) and decrease the TRAP activity (26.27%) significantly than CDL treatment. The combined treatment attenuated bone loss and biomechanical decrease more than single use of CDL treatment. ICA + CDL treatment significantly up‐regulated the level of osteoblast‐related gene expression and down‐regulated the osteoclast‐related genes expression; moreover, the combined treatment increased the ratio of OPG/RANKL significantly compared to ICA (72.83%) or CDL (65.63%) treatment alone. The present study demonstrates that icariin in combination with constrained dynamic loading treatment may have a therapeutic advantage over constrained dynamic loading treatment alone for the treatment of osteoporosis, which would provide new evidence for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1415–1424, 2018.
Separation of structurally related primary aliphatic amines using hydrophilic interaction chromatography with fluorescence detection after postcolumn derivatization with o‐phthaldialdehyde/mercaptoethanol
Authors: Douša Michal , Doubský Jan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe retention behavior of primary aliphatic amines (homologous series of aliphatic alkyl amines and cycloalkyl amines) and positional isomers of alkylamines in the hydrophilic interaction chromatography mode was studied. The study was carried out on a TSKgel Amide‐80 column followed by postcolumn derivatization with fluorescence detection to describe the retention mechanism of tested compounds. The effect of chromatographic conditions including column temperature, acetonitrile content in the mobile phase, mobile phase pH (ranging from 3.5 to 6.8), and salt concentration in the mobile phase was investigated. The final mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and solution of 20 mM potassium formate pH 3.5 in ratio 80:20 v/v. The analyses were carried out at mobile phase flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and the column temperature of 20°C. The developed method was fully validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity (limit of detection and limit of quantification), accuracy, and precision according to International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines. The proposed new methods were proved to be highly sensitive, simple, and rapid, and were successfully applied to the determinations of isopropylamine, cyclohexylamine, and cyclopropylamine in relevant active pharmaceutical ingredients.