bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrospinal Fluid IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 as Accurate Diagnostic Biomarkers for Primary Central Nervous System Large B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Song Yang , Zhang Wei , Zhang Li , Wu Wei , Zhang Yan , Han Xiao , Yang Chen , Zhang Lu , Zhou Daobin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEarly diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) represents a challenge, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines may be diagnostic biomarkers for PCNSL. We used an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay to measure interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the CSF of 22 B cell PCNSL patients and 80 patients with other CNS diseases. CSF IL-10 was significantly higher in PCNSL patients than in the control group (median 74.7 pg/ml vs < 5.0 pg/ml, P < 0.000). Using a CSF IL-10 cutoff value of 8.2 pg/ml, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 95.5% and 96.1%, respectively (AUC, 0.957; 95% CI, 0.901–1.000). For a CSF IL-10/IL-6 cutoff value of 0.72, the sensitivity was 95.5%, and the specificity was 100.0% (AUC, 0.976; 95% CI, 0.929–1.000). An increased CSF IL-10 level at diagnosis and post-treatment was associated with poor Progression free survival (PFS) for patients with PCNSL (P = 0.0181 and P = 0.0002, respectively). A low diagnostic value for PCNSL was found with CSF IL-8 or TNF-α. In conclusion, increased CSF IL-10 was a reliable diagnostic biomarker for large B cell PCNSL, and an IL-10/IL-6 ratio facilitates differentiation from other conditions, especially a CNS infection.
High Temperature Extends the Range of Size Discrimination of Nonionic Polymers by a Biological Nanopore
Authors: Piguet Fabien , Ouldali Hadjer , Discala Françoise , Breton Marie-France , Behrends Jan C. , Pelta Juan , Oukhaled Abdelghani 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe explore the effect of temperature on the interaction of polydisperse mixtures of nonionic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers of different average molar masses with the biological nanopore α-hemolysin. In contrast with what has been previously observed with various nanopores and analytes, we find that, for PEGs larger than a threshold molar mass (2000 g/mol, PEG 2000), increasing temperature increases the duration of the PEG/nanopore interaction. In the case of PEG 3400 the duration increases by up to a factor of 100 when the temperature increases from 5 °C to 45 °C. Importantly, we find that increasing temperature extends the polymer size range of application of nanopore-based single-molecule mass spectrometry (Np-SMMS)-type size discrimination. Indeed, in the case of PEG 3400, discrimination of individual molecular species of different monomer number is impossible at room temperature but is achieved when the temperature is raised to 45 °C. We interpret our observations as the consequence of a decrease of PEG solubility and a collapse of PEG molecules with higher temperatures. In addition to expanding the range of application of Np-SMMS to larger nonionic polymers, our findings highlight the crucial role of the polymer solubility for the nanopore detection.
Cell studies of hybridized carbon nanofibers containing bioactive glass nanoparticles using bone mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Zhang Xiu-Rui , Hu Xiao-Qing , Jia Xiao-Long , Yang Li-Ka , Meng Qing-Yang , Shi Yuan-Yuan , Zhang Zheng-Zheng , Cai Qing , Ao Yin-Fang , Yang Xiao-Ping 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBone regeneration required suitable scaffolding materials to support the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone-related cells. In this study, a kind of hybridized nanofibrous scaffold material (CNF/BG) was prepared by incorporating bioactive glass (BG) nanoparticles into carbon nanofibers (CNF) via the combination of BG sol-gel and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospinning, followed by carbonization. Three types (49 s, 68 s and 86 s) of BG nanoparticles were incorporated. To understand the mechanism of CNF/BG hybrids exerting osteogenic effects, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) were cultured directly on these hybrids (contact culture) or cultured in transwell chambers in the presence of these materials (non-contact culture). The contributions of ion release and contact effect on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were able to be correlated. It was found that the ionic dissolution products had limited effect on cell proliferation, while they were able to enhance osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in comparison with pure CNF. Differently, the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were both significantly promoted in the contact culture. In both cases, CNF/BG(68 s) showed the strongest ability in influencing cell behaviors due to its fastest release rate of soluble silicium-relating ions. The synergistic effect of CNF and BG would make CNF/BG hybrids promising substrates for bone repairing.
Low temperature magneto-morphological characterisation of coronene and the resolution of previously observed unexplained phenomena
Authors: Potticary Jason , Boston Rebecca , Vella-Zarb Liana , Few Alex , Bell Christopher , Hall Simon R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe polyaromatic hydrocarbon coronene has been the molecule of choice for understanding the physical properties of graphene for over a decade. The modelling of the latter by the former was considered to be valid, as since it was first synthesised in 1932, the physical behaviour of coronene has been determined extremely accurately. We recently discovered however, an unforeseen polymorph of coronene, which exists as an enantiotrope with the previously observed crystal structure. Using low-temperature magnetisation and crystallographic measurements, we show here for the first time that the electronic and magnetic properties of coronene depend directly on the temperature at which it is observed, with hysteretic behaviour exhibited between 300 K and 100 K. Furthermore we determine that this behaviour is a direct result of the appearance and disappearance of the newly-discovered polymorph during thermal cycling. Our results not only highlight the need for theoretical models of graphene to take into account this anomalous behaviour at low temperatures, but also explain puzzling experimental observations of coronene dating back over 40 years.
Band-inverted gaps in InAs/GaSb and GaSb/InAs core-shell nanowires
Authors: Luo Ning , Huang Guang-Yao , Liao Gaohua , Ye Lin-Hui , Xu H. Q. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe [111]-oriented InAs/GaSb and GaSb/InAs core-shell nanowires have been studied by the 8 × 8 Luttinger-Kohn "Equation missing" Hamiltonian to search for non-vanishing fundamental gaps between inverted electron and hole bands. We focus on the variations of the band-inverted fundamental gap, the hybridization gap, and the effective gap with the core radius and shell thickness of the nanowires. The evolutions of all the energy gaps with the structural parameters are shown to be dominantly governed by the effect of quantum confinement. With a fixed core radius, a band-inverted fundamental gap exists only at intermediate shell thicknesses. The maximum band-inverted gap found is ~4.4 meV for GaSb/InAs and ~3.5 meV for InAs/GaSb core-shell nanowires, and for the GaSb/InAs core-shell nanowires the gap persists over a wider range of geometrical parameters. The intrinsic reason for these differences between the two types of nanowires is that in the shell the electron-like states of InAs is more delocalized than the hole-like state of GaSb, while in the core the hole-like state of GaSb is more delocalized than the electron-like state of InAs, and both favor a stronger electron-hole hybridization.
A Retrospective Examination of the Effect of Diabetes on Sensory Processing in Older Adults
Authors: Humes Larry E. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this article is to examine retrospectively the impact of diabetes mellitus on auditory, visual, and tactile processing in older adults.

Method
Fourteen (10.4%) of a sample of 135 older adults self-reported the presence of diabetes mellitus in a study of sensory and cognitive processing across the adult lifespan. In this study, the performance of the subgroup with diabetes on a number of psychophysical sensory-processing measures was compared with that of the 121 older adults without diabetes. Measures of sensory processing focused on temporal processing and threshold sensitivity in each of 3 sensory modalities: hearing, vision, and touch.

Results

The subgroup of older adults with diabetes differed significantly (
p
< .05) from the larger group without diabetes only for measures of auditory temporal-order and temporal-masking identification tasks.

Conclusion
This retrospective study provides additional evidence in support of higher level auditory-processing deficits in older adults with a positive history of diabetes mellitus.
Saving Tendons on Distal Radius Fractures: A Simple Surgical Pearl to Prevent FPL Tendon Conflict with Volar Locking Plates
Authors: Ruggiero Gustavo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractInjury to the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tendon is one of the most frequent complications when fixing distal radius fractures with the volar locking plates. The author proposed a simple surgical technique providing a reliable soft tissue protection to prevent friction on the FPL with the volar locking plate, using a flap of the FCR sheath sutured to attachments of the volar capsule on the lunate buttress facet of the distal radius.
Narcolepsy without Cataplexy Mimicking Psychiatric Illness
Authors: Serajee Fatema , Ueda Keisuke 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHallucinations can be seen in pediatric population with various kinds of illnesses including psychiatric disorders and sleep disorders. As psychiatry disorders and sleep disorders share common symptoms, it is difficult to differentiate. We report a case of narcolepsy without cataplexy in a 12-year-old girl who was initially diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses from excessive sleepiness and visual and auditory hallucinations. She did not improve with antipsychotic medication but responded well to stimulant medication. We emphasize the importance of having narcolepsy in differential diagnoses for hallucinations in pediatric population.
Atmospheric air pollutants: CO in Nitrogen, 5 μmol/mol
Authors: Konopelko L A , Pankratov V V , Pankov A A , Ivahnenko B V , Efremova O V , Bakovec N V , Mironchik A M , Aleksandrov V V 
Published: December 2016

This article presents the report on the COOMET supplementary comparison "Atmospheric air pollutants: CO in Nitrogen, 5 μmol/mol".
Carbon monoxide (CO) is present in atmosphere due to different natural and anthropogenic sources. CO is a toxic gas and in concentrations higher than (3-5) μmol/mol it is hazardous to human health.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Using In-Training Evaluation Report (ITER) Qualitative Comments to Assess Medical Students and Residents: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hatala Rose , Sawatsky Adam P. , Dudek Nancy , Ginsburg Shiphra , Cook David A. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
In-training evaluation reports (ITERs) constitute an integral component of medical student and postgraduate physician trainee (resident) assessment. ITER narrative comments have received less attention than the numeric scores. The authors sought both to determine what validity evidence informs the use of narrative comments from ITERs for assessing medical students and residents and to identify evidence gaps.

Method
Reviewers searched for relevant English-language studies in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and ERIC (last search June 5, 2015), and in reference lists and author files. They included all original studies that evaluated ITERs for qualitative assessment of medical students and residents. Working in duplicate, they selected articles for inclusion, evaluated quality, and abstracted information on validity evidence using Kane’s framework (inferences of scoring, generalization, extrapolation, and implications).

Results
Of 777 potential articles, 22 met inclusion criteria. The scoring inference is supported by studies showing that rich narratives are possible, that changing the prompt can stimulate more robust narratives, and that comments vary by context. Generalization is supported by studies showing that narratives reach thematic saturation and that analysts make consistent judgments. Extrapolation is supported by favorable relationships between ITER narratives and numeric scores from ITERs and non-ITER performance measures, and by studies confirming that narratives reflect constructs deemed important in clinical work. Evidence supporting implications is scant.

Conclusions
The use of ITER narratives for trainee assessment is generally supported, except that evidence is lacking for implications and decisions. Future research should seek to confirm implicit assumptions and evaluate the impact of decisions.
Teaching Today in the Practice Setting of the Future: Implementing Innovations in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Kim Jung G. , Morris Carl G. , Ford Paul 
Published: December 2016

Problem
Implementing an innovation, such as offering new types of patient–physician encounters through the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) model while maintaining Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accreditation standards (e.g., patient encounter minimums for trainees), is challenging.

Approach
In 2009, the Group Health Family Medicine Residency (GHFMR) received an ACGME Program Experimentation and Innovation Project (PEIP) exception that redefined the minimum Family Medicine Resident Review Committee requirement to 1,400 face-to-face visits and 250 electronic visits (1 electronic visit defined as 3 secure message or telephone encounters). The authors report GHFMR residents’ continuity clinic encounters, specifically volume, from 2006 through 2013 via pre- and post-PCMH implementation. They discuss the implications for leaders of high-performing practices who desire to innovate while maintaining accreditation.

Outcomes
Post-PCMH residents had 20% more overall patient contact. The largest change in care delivery method included a large increase in secure messages between patients and residents. Pre-PCMH residents had more face-to-face encounters; however, post-PCMH residents had more contact for all types of patient care encounters (face-to-face, secure messaging, and telephone) per hour of clinic time.

Next Steps
The ACGME PEIP exception, allowing the incorporation of the PCMH, facilitated an increase in patient access and immersed residents in primary care innovation (namely, practicing in a PCMH model during graduate medical education training). The next steps are to assess the effect of the PCMH on resident learning and clinical outcomes and to continue residents’ access to training that keeps pace with today’s health care delivery needs.
Feasibility and Outcomes of Fetoscopic Tracheal Occlusion for Severe Left Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Belfort Michael A. , Olutoye Oluyinka O. , Cass Darrell L. , Olutoye Olutoyin A. , Cassady Christopher I. , Mehollin-Ray Amy R. , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. , Cruz Stephanie M. , Lee Timothy C. , Mann David G. , Espinoza Jimmy , Welty Stephen E. , Fernandes Caraciolo J. , Ruano Rodrigo 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate feasibility and initial outcomes of fetoscopic tracheal occlusion for severe diaphragmatic hernia compared with a historical cohort who had not received fetal tracheal occlusion.

METHODS:
Outcomes in a prospective observational cohort who underwent fetoscopic tracheal occlusion for severe fetal left diaphragmatic hernia without associated anomalies were compared with our historical nontreated cohort of matched fetuses of similar severity. Fetuses were classified using the same ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging methodology—prospectively in the fetoscopic tracheal occlusion group and retrospectively in the historical nontreated cohort. Obstetric and postnatal outcomes were evaluated and compared.

RESULTS:
Between January 2004 and June 2015, 218 fetuses with diaphragmatic hernia were evaluated. Twenty (9%) fetuses had severe left diaphragmatic hernia (lung–head ratio 1.0 or less and liver herniation), of which 9 of 20 were managed without tracheal occlusion. Eleven were offered the procedure and in 10, it was successful. Mean (±standard deviation) gestational age was 27.9±1.1 weeks at attempted balloon placement, 34.1±1.1 weeks at removal, and 35.3±2.2 weeks at delivery. One patient required an ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure at delivery to remove the balloon. There were no maternal complications or fetal deaths. All neonates underwent postnatal repair with a patch. The 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year survival rates were significantly higher in our treated cohort than in our nontreated historical cohort (80% compared with 11%, risk difference 69%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 38–100%, P=.01; 70% compared with 11%, risk difference 59%, 95% CI 24–94%, P=.02; and 67% compared with 11%, risk difference 56%, 95% CI 19–93%, P=.04, respectively) with reduced need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (30% compared with 70%, risk difference 40%, 95% CI 10–79%, P=.05).

CONCLUSION:
Fetoscopic tracheal occlusion is feasible and is associated with improved postnatal outcomes in severe left diaphragmatic hernia.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00881660.
Treatment of a Pregnant Patient in a Persistent Vegetative State
Authors: Romagano Matthew P. , Scorza William E. , Lammers Stephen E. , Dorr Carole , Smulian John C. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND:
Brain injury leading to a persistent vegetative state during pregnancy involves difficult medical and ethical decisions.

CASE:
A 21-year-old multigravid woman entered a persistent vegetative state at 20 1/7 weeks of gestation after cardiac arrest with postanoxic brain injury from a suspected drug overdose. The clinical disciplines responsible for her case formed a collaborative care plan involving ventilator, nutrition, and medication support of the mother and regular fetal monitoring and ultrasound testing. A planned delivery by cesarean at term resulted in a good neonatal outcome.

CONCLUSION:
There is no standardized management plan for obstetric care in a persistent vegetative state. This case illustrates a successful multidisciplinary approach that may be useful as a template in similar situations.
Effects of Calcium, Vitamin D, and Hormone Therapy on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in the Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Schnatz Peter F. , Jiang Xuezhi , Aragaki Aaron K. , Nudy Matthew , O'Sullivan David M. , Williams Mark , LeBlanc Erin S. , Martin Lisa W. , Manson JoAnn E. , Shikany James M. , Johnson Karen C. , Stefanick Marcia L. , Payne Martha E. , Cauley Jane A. , Howard Barbara V. , Robbins John 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the treatment effect of calcium+vitamin D supplementation, hormone therapy, both, and neither on cardiovascular disease risk factors.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among Women's Health Initiative (WHI) participants. The predefined primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

RESULTS:
Between September 1993 and October 1998, a total of 68,132 women aged 50–79 years were recruited and randomized to the WHI–Dietary Modification (n=48,835) and WHI–Hormone Therapy trials (n=27,347). Subsequently, 36,282 women from WHI–Hormone Therapy (16,089) and WHI–Dietary Modification (n=25,210) trials were randomized in the WHI–Calcium+Vitamin D trial to 1,000 mg elemental calcium carbonate plus 400 international units vitamin D3 daily or placebo. Our study group included 1,521 women who participated in both the hormone therapy and calcium+vitamin D trials and were in the 6% subsample of trial participants with blood sample collections at baseline and years 1, 3, and 6. The average treatment effect with 95% confidence interval, for LDL-C, compared with placebo, was −1.6, (95% confidence interval [CI] −5.5 to 2.2) mg/dL for calcium+vitamin D alone, −9.0 (95% CI −13.0 to −5.1) mg/dL for hormone therapy alone, and −13.8 (95% CI −17.8 to −9.8) mg/dL for the combination. There was no evidence of a synergistic effect of calcium+vitamin D+hormone therapy on LDL-C (P value for interaction=.26) except in those with low total intakes of vitamin D, for whom there was a significant synergistic effect on LDL (P value for interaction=.03).

CONCLUSION:
Reductions in LDL-C were greater among women randomized to both calcium+vitamin D and hormone therapy than for those randomized to either intervention alone or to placebo. The treatment effect observed in the calcium+vitamin D+hormone therapy combination group may be additive rather than synergistic. For clinicians and patients deciding to begin calcium+vitamin D supplementation, current use of hormone therapy should not influence that decision.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00000611.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and the Risk of Congenital Malformations
Authors: Bateman Brian T. , Patorno Elisabetta , Desai Rishi J. , Seely Ellen W. , Mogun Helen , Dejene Sara Z. , Fischer Michael A. , Friedman Alexander M. , Hernandez-Diaz Sonia , Huybrechts Krista F. 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To examine the association between first-trimester angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor exposure and the risk of overall major congenital, cardiac, and central nervous system malformations.

METHODS:
We used a cohort of completed pregnancies linked to liveborn neonates derived from Medicaid claims from 2000 to 2010. We examined the risk of malformations associated with first-trimester exposure to an ACE inhibitor. Propensity score–based methods were used to control for potential confounders including maternal demographics, medical conditions, exposure to other medications, and measures of health care utilization.

RESULTS:
The cohort included 1,333,624 pregnancies, of which 4,107 (0.31%) were exposed to ACE inhibitors during the first trimester. The prevalence of overall malformations in the ACE inhibitor–exposed pregnancies was 5.9% compared with 3.3% in the unexposed (unadjusted relative risk, 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.61–2.06), of cardiac malformations was 3.4% compared with 1.2% (relative risk 2.95, 95% CI 2.50–3.47), and of central nervous system malformations was 0.27% compared with 0.18% (relative risk 1.46, 95% CI 0.81–2.64). After restricting the cohort to pregnancies complicated by chronic hypertension (both exposed and unexposed) and accounting for other confounding factors, there was no significant increase in the risk of any of the outcomes assessed. Relative risks associated with first-trimester ACE inhibitor exposure were 0.89 (95% CI 0.75–1.06) for overall malformations, 0.95 (95% CI 0.75–1.21) for cardiac malformations, and 0.54 (95% CI 0.26–1.11) for CNS malformations.

CONCLUSIONS:
After accounting for confounders, among women with hypertension, exposure to ACE inhibitors during the first trimester was not associated with an increased risk of major congenital malformations.