bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Healthcare in South Texas Rural Communities: An Interprofessional Initiative for Primary Care Dental and Medical Residents
Authors: Marwaha Rochisha S. , Kaur Noorpreet , Dhar Sohini , Challa Suman 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo enhance primary care dentistry and medicine residents’ didactic knowledge, communication skills to address patient's healthcare needs, and collaboration among healthcare professionals, while increasing confidence in integrating primary care skills into their clinical practice.MethodsAn Interprofessional Education workshop was organized to enhance didactic knowledge and learning of 42 primary care dentistry (PCD) and family and community medicine (FCM) residents on topics including addressing facial and dental trauma in adults, managing patients with alcohol use and abuse, pain control and prescription opioid use in dentistry, and opioid use disorder and treatment. An online survey was administered before and after the workshop to assess changes in knowledge, confidence, and future intentions to incorporate targeted primary care skills learned during the workshop into clinical practice and to elicit residents’ perceptions of workshop quality. Overall scale means were assessed by chi‐square tests for knowledge scales and analysis of variance for confidence and career intentions scales, significance levels were set at 0.05.ResultsPre‐workshop assessments were completed by all attendees while post assessments received a response rate of 83.3%. Both PCD and FCM residents reported an increase in their knowledge (p < 0.05) and confidence (p < 0.05) in providing care for patients with facial/dental trauma, identifying signs of opioid abuse, addressing alcohol abuse, and understanding the referral processes following the workshop. While an overall increase was noted regarding intentions to incorporate skills learned during the workshop into practice by the PCD (pre‐course = 4.33, post‐course = 4.42) and FCM (pre‐course = 4.55, post‐course = 4.73) residents, the differences were not statistically significant differences.ConclusionsThe interprofessional education workshop for PCD and FCM residents enhanced their knowledge, confidence, and future intentions to incorporate primary care skills into clinical practice and improve patient outcomes.
GaCl3‐Catalyzed [3 + 2]‐Cycloaddition/Esterification Cascade of Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes With Salicylaldehydes for the Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐4H‐Furo[3,2‐c]Chromen‐4‐Ones
Authors: Liu Zhiping , Pang Jie , Che Lijie , Gan Chunfang , Cui Jianguo , Huang Yanmin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA GaCl3‐catalyzed [3 + 2]‐cycloaddition/intramolecular esterification cascade of donor–acceptor cyclopropane‐1,1‐diesters with salicylaldehydes has been reported. A wide range of tetrahydro‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromen‐4‐ones have been efficiently delivered in moderate to good yields. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction involves the [3 + 2]‐cycloaddition followed by intramolecular esterification to access 4H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromenones.
Preconcentration of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives in Traditional Chinese Medicines by an Effective Dispersive Liquid‐Liquid Microextraction Based on a Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Li Qian , Wang Li‐mei , Zhang Shu‐mei , Zhang Guang‐bin , Hu Shuang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (hDES) was developed for the extraction and quantification of four cinnamic acid derivatives in traditional Chinese medicines coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet detection. In this method, a hDES (tetrabutylammonium chloride‐hexanoic acid, molar ratio of 1:2) was prepared as the extractant. It only took 15 s to handle multiple samples simultaneously by hand‐assisted dispersion. The use of a narrow‐bore tube reduced the amount of the hydrophobic extractant with easier recovery. The approach was influenced by several key parameters, including the composition and consumption of the DES, sample phase pH, salt amount, extraction time, and centrifugation time, all of which had been investigated and optimized. Moreover, the formation of the DES was characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Under the optimal conditions, enrichment factors of the target analytes ranged from 135 to 220. Satisfactory linearities (r ≥ 0.9977), detection limits (0.2–0.4 ng/mL), precision (<8.5%), and accuracy (recoveries: 90.0%–104.6%) were obtained. The method has been successfully applied to the simultaneous extraction and preconcentration of four cinnamic acid derivatives in Chinese medicinal samples with rapidness, high efficiency, and convenience.
Unraveling the Nexus Between Environmental Presence and Customer Satisfaction: A Cross‐Cultural Analysis of Online Reviews of Eco‐Friendly Accommodations
Authors: Moreno‐Brito Yahaira Lisbeth , Wang Jue , Kim Hak‐Seon 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study explores the ecological presence and awareness of eco‐hotel satisfaction. 7471 reviews from Ecuador and Indonesia eco‐hotels were analyzed based on mathematical equations and Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis depicted differences in environmental awareness and satisfaction across cultures. The findings indicate that word count, perception, and green depth significantly impact satisfaction in Ecuador, while authenticity, perception, depth, and presence influence that in Indonesia. Furthermore, Indonesian customers had a higher understanding of eco‐friendly practices, but Ecuador reported higher overall satisfaction. These cultural differences provide valuable insights into the hospitality industry to enhance the guest experience at eco‐friendly accommodations.
Photonic Neuromorphic Processing with On‐Chip Electrically‐Driven Microring Spiking Neuron
Authors: Xiang Jinlong , Zhao Yaotian , He An , Xiao Jie , Su Yikai , Guo Xuhan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGuided by brain‐like temporal processing and event‐driven manner, neuromorphic computing has emerged as a competitive paradigm to realize artificial intelligence with high energy efficiency. Silicon photonics offers an ideal hardware platform with mutual foundry fabrication process and well‐developed device libraries, however, its huge potential to build integrated neuromorphic systems is significantly hindered due to the lack of scalable on‐chip photonic spiking neurons. Here, the first integrated electrically‐driven spiking neuron based on a silicon microring under the carrier injection working mode is reported, which is capable of emulating fundamental neural dynamics including excitability threshold, temporal integration, refractory period, controllable spike inhibition, and precise time encoding at a speed of 250 MHz. By programming time‐multiplexed spike representations, photonic spiking convolution is experimentally realized for image edge feature detection. Besides, a spiking convolutional neural network is constructed by combining photonic convolutional layers with a software‐implemented fully‐connected layer, which yields a classification accuracy of 94.1% on the benchmark Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology database. Moreover, it is theoretically verified that it's promising to further improve the operation speed to a gigahertz level by developing an electro‐optical co‐simulation model. The proposed microring neuron constitutes the final building block of scalable spike activation, thus representing a great breakthrough to boost the development of on‐chip neuromorphic information processing.
Catalytic Installation of Primary Amines Onto Polyolefins for Oligomer Valorization
Authors: Scott Sabrina S. , Zeng Yimin , Wright Taylor , Wolf Michael O. , Schafer Laurel L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolymerization of primary amine‐containing monomers is challenging because the amine inhibits polymerization catalyst activity. An alternative approach to access primary amine functionalized polymers is postpolymerization modification. To this end, the hydroaminoalkylation of vinyl‐terminated polyolefins with N‐(trimethylsilyl)benzylamine is used to prepare primary amine‐terminated polyolefins, with the free primary amine substituent being revealed upon hydrolytic work up. These materials are spectroscopically characterized, and an investigation of thermal properties by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis is completed. These results show that the primary amine substituent increases the glass transition temperature and improves thermal stability. The reactive primary amine functionality is used in the photo‐oxidative dimerization of polyolefins to demonstrate how this elusive functionality can be applied in oligomer valorization.
Protein posttranslational modifications in metabolic diseases: basic concepts and targeted therapies
Authors: Yang Yunuo , Wu Jiaxuan , Zhou Wenjun , Ji Guang , Dang Yanqi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetabolism‐related diseases, including diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, are becoming increasingly prevalent, thereby posing significant threats to human health and longevity. Proteins, as the primary mediators of biological activities, undergo various posttranslational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, methylation, and SUMOylation, among others, which substantially diversify their functions. These modifications are crucial in the physiological and pathological processes associated with metabolic disorders. Despite advancements in the field, there remains a deficiency in contemporary summaries addressing how these modifications influence processes of metabolic disease. This review aims to systematically elucidate the mechanisms through which PTM of proteins impact the progression of metabolic diseases, including diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Additionally, the limitations of the current body of research are critically assessed. Leveraging PTMs of proteins provides novel insights and therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders. Numerous drugs designed to target these modifications are currently in preclinical or clinical trials. This review also provides a comprehensive summary. By elucidating the intricate interplay between PTMs and metabolic pathways, this study advances understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic dysfunction, thereby facilitating the development of more precise and effective disease management strategies.
A 220 GHz GaN‐based monolithic integrated frequency doubler delivering over 0.25 W output power
Authors: Zheng Yiyuan , Zhang Kai , Dai Kunpeng , Guo Huaixin , Qian Jun , Kong Yuechan , Chen Tangsheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA 220 GHz GaN‐based monolithic integrated frequency doubler with high continuous‐wave output power has been developed. The doubler achieves improved heat dissipation by establishing the terahertz (THz) monolithic integrated circuit topology with GaN Schottky barrier diodes integrated on a high thermal conductivity SiC substrate. It features six anodes to enhance the power‐handling capabilities. A refractory Schottky metal stack is adopted for better thermal stability. The doubler realizes satisfactory performance by introducing the suspended microstrip and an all‐in‐one output structure. For verification, a prototype of the proposed frequency doubler was fabricated and tested. Measured results show that the proposed doubler produces a continuous‐wave output power of 255 mW at 220 GHz with an efficiency of 14.6%, exhibiting excellent potential for powerful THz sources.
A wideband transmitarray antenna based on polarization conversion metasurface with 2‐bit phase compensation
Authors: Zhang Hanmin , Fu Zi‐Hao , Yang Xue‐Song 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA wideband transmitarray antenna (TA) incorporating a polarization conversion metasurface (PCM) is proposed. Four PCM elements with annular metallic polarizers are utilized to provide 2‐bit phase compensation without altering the geometric parameters of the elements, resulting in a wideband TA with a bandwidth comparable to that of the individual elements. A prototype of the proposed TA is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured 1‐ and 3‐dB gain bandwidths of the proposed TA are found to be 10–13.6 GHz (30%) and 9.2–15 GHz (48.3%), respectively, while the effective 1‐dB transmission band of the individual elements is 7.8–14.6 GHz. The similarity between the bandwidth of the proposed TA and that of elements used in our design demonstrates less wastage of element bandwidth by the proposed approach. A measured peak gain of 27.2 dBi and a peak aperture efficiency (AE) of 48.7% highlight the promising potential of the proposed TA for long‐distance communication, point‐to‐point communication, and other applications.
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of the SARC‐F, SARC‐CalF, and Ishii tests for diagnosis of sarcopenia in hospitalized older patients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yalcin Ahmet , Gokce Busra , Turhan Gorkem , Atmis Volkan , Gumuscubuk Oguzcan , Varli Murat 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundSeveral screening tools have been developed to identify sarcopenia. However, data on the use of these screening tools in hospital settings are limited. This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of three screening methods—strength, assistance walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls (SARC‐F); SARC‐F combined with calf circumference (SARC‐CalF); and the Ishii tests—for detecting sarcopenia in older individuals who are hospitalized.MethodsThis study included 204 older people who were hospitalized. Sarcopenia was assessed relative to the diagnostic criteria established by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance were evaluated using bioimpedance analysis, handgrip strength, and usual gait speed, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were conducted for the SARC‐F, SARC‐CalF, and Ishii tests to determine their effectiveness. Receiver operating characteristics curves were generated, and the area under curve was calculated to compare the overall diagnostic accuracy of the SARC‐F, SARC‐CalF, and Ishii tests.ResultsThe SARC‐F, SARC‐CalF, and Ishii tests demonstrated sensitivities of 72%, 88.6%, and 93.5%, respectively, and specificities of 41%, 78.5%, and 30.3%, respectively.ConclusionsSARC‐CalF demonstrates the highest performance in terms of sensitivity and specificity compared with the other two tests, making it a valuable tool for detecting sarcopenia in hospital settings. In contrast, the Ishii test exhibits high sensitivity but low specificity within this population. Based on our results, we found that SARC‐CalF can be used as a simple, effective test for identifying sarcopenia in older patients in the hospital setting.
Utility of mid‐upper arm circumference in pediatric malnutrition: An Australasian Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition consensus statement using the Delphi method
Authors: Miles Caitlin , Fox Julia , Davis Kimberly , Harris Angela , Kwa Christine , Little Bridget , Thomas Arabella , Zemrani Boutaina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundMid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) is a simple anthropometric tool used to screen for childhood undernutrition in humanitarian settings or low‐income and middle‐income countries. However, there is conflicting evidence and a lack of consensus with regard to its diagnostic use in clinical settings or population groups beyond this context. In 2023, a project officer was appointed by the Australasian Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (AuSPEN) to lead the development of a consensus review into the use of MUAC in the pediatric clinical setting.MethodsAn AuSPEN appointed multidisciplinary group of informed clinicians used the Delphi method to critically appraise the evidence and develop a series of consensus statements. Delphi surveys were anonymous and distributed electronically. Members were asked to rate their level of agreement with each consensus statement using a 5‐point Likert scale. A priori definition of consensus was established as ≥80% responses “agree” or “strongly agree.”ResultsThree Delphi rounds were required to reach consensus. A total of 18 consensus statements, including rationale, were developed across the topics ‘assessment and diagnosis’, ‘screening and monitoring’ and ‘clinical settings’.ConclusionAn evidence‐based, region‐specific consensus approach to the use of MUAC in pediatric malnutrition is a valuable tool for clinicians. MUAC is a straightforward, non‐invasive and cost‐effective tool, and may provide an advantage over traditional anthropometric tools in some clinical settings. There are limitations to the utility of MUAC and this consensus paper provides an empirical summary of advantages and limitations as they apply to the screening, assessment, diagnosis, and monitoring of pediatric malnutrition.
Validation of a 3D‐Printed Silicone‐Based Laryngeal Model for Resident Education
Authors: Yousef Andrew , Ostrander Benjamin T. , Lin Jui‐Te , Nichol Ariadne A. , Vahabzadeh‐Hagh Andrew M. , Cates Daniel , Morimoto Tania K. , Weissbrod Philip A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe sought to validate a laryngeal simulation model and subsequently demonstrate its efficacy in improving surgical technique.Study DesignPre‐post interventional study.SettingOtolaryngology Program at a Tertiary Care Center.MethodsA low‐cost, high‐fidelity laryngeal model was created using a 3‐dimensional‐printed cast and multilayered silicone to mimic vocal fold lesions. Participants (attendings and trainees) were first given a series of tasks including mucosal vocal fold lesion resection and microflap excision of a submucosal lesion. Trainees were then provided with an instructional video from a laryngologist and asked to repeat the same tasks on the model. Performance data was then assessed using validated surveys and blinded expert reviewers.ResultsEighteen participants completed the simulation. All subjects agreed that the “simulation experience was useful” and 93% agreed “the simulator helped improve my ability to do microsurgical tasks.” In the postinstruction self‐evaluation, trainees reported a significant decrease in mental demand (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37‐0.91; P = .038) and significant increase in subjective performance (95% CI: 1.51‐51.89; P = .016) compared to the preinstruction self‐evaluation. On the postinstruction attempt, there was a significant improvement in all domains of the adapted objective structured assessment of technical skills as measured by 3 blinded, expert reviewers.DiscussionThis study demonstrates the usefulness of a silicone larynx model and the value of instructional video in developing laryngeal microsurgical skills. Participants positively reviewed the laryngeal model and trainees saw both a subjective and objective improvement indicating tangible operative benefits from the use of this laryngeal simulation.
Custom‐made surgical guide with mucoperiosteal flap elevation function for the removal of multiple impacted supernumerary teeth: A case report
Authors: Fujioka‐Kobayashi Masako , Miyasaka Ayako , Inada Ryo , Koyanagi Masateru , Tsunoda Erina , Satomi Takafumi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurgical guides manufactured with computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology are effective tools for oral surgeries.Case presentationA new type of surgical guide with mucoperiosteal flap elevation function was custom designed, printed, and applied for the safe and accurate removal of six impacted supernumerary teeth in a 12‐year‐old male patient. The surgical guides were designed with access holes corresponding to the positions of the impacted teeth and the elevation structures of the mucoperiosteal flap.ConclusionThe novel custom‐made surgical guide system introduced in the present report was successfully utilized for minimally invasive teeth removal procedures.
Assessment of clinician agreement with and knowledge of evidence‐based obesity treatment in the primary care setting
Authors: Baalmann Angela R. , Norton Melissa C. , Gadbois‐Mincks Natalie R. , Ofei‐Dodoo Samuel , Presnell Erica N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionEffective, evidence‐based obesity treatment is needed, which often involves use of anti‐obesity medications (AOMs). Data on the breadth and quality of guideline‐directed obesity treatment implementation in primary care remain limited. This study aimed to assess primary care clinicians' agreement with and knowledge of guideline‐directed obesity treatment, as well as to assess the health status of persons with obesity and their use of AOMs.MethodsThis multimethod study included a prospective survey of primary care clinicians, utilizing a questionnaire that measured agreement on a 5‐point Likert scale and knowledge via multiple choice questions. A retrospective analysis was also performed of patient data collected between 30 June 2016 and 30 June 2020 from primary care clinics in the Midwest.ResultsData were analyzed from 27 clinician survey responders, finding agreement toward all measured areas, however less strong for chronic AOM use and resource allocation. The survey identified multiple gaps in knowledge. Researchers assessed 5656 baseline encounters and 2941 corresponding follow‐up encounters. Analysis revealed ≥50% of the total patients experienced persistently uncontrolled obesity (mean body mass index of ≥40 kg/m2) and weight‐related complications. Low rates (≤10%) of AOM use in clinically eligible patients were shown, with phentermine monotherapy being the most commonly used.ConclusionsClinicians agree with guideline‐directed obesity treatment. Persons with obesity who are poorly controlled identify an opportunity for patient care improvement.
Unique polymer‐based composite coating with high anti‐corrosion characteristics and functional fillers
Authors: Kydyraliyeva Aigul , Beisenbaev Oral , Nadirov Kazim , Sakibaeva Saule , Otarbayev Nurlybek , Sakybayev Berik , Baibotayeva Saltanat , Orynbasarov Arslanbek 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe objective of this research is to develop a composite polymer coating with increased thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance for protecting structural materials in heat exchange apparatuses. Chemically pure compounds such as graphene, boron nitride, tyrosine, sodium hydroxide, zinc pyrophosphate, ethyl acetate, and epoxy resin with the addition of secondary polypropylene were utilized as raw materials. The obtained coatings were evaluated using an emission scanning microscope equipped with an energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) detector. Electrochemical activity was measured using standard equipment within a frequency range of 0.1–0.01 Hz. Thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance were measured at 0.24 W/m K and 9.70 Ω/cm2 when using only epoxy resin with the addition of secondary polypropylene. When employing a composite consisting of epoxy resin with the addition of secondary polypropylene, boron nitride, graphene, tyrosine, and zinc pyrophosphate, the thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance values were 1.65 W/m K and 11.10 Ω/cm2, respectively. Polymer coatings containing 30% composite demonstrated the highest thermal conductivity (1.65 W/m K) and corrosion resistance (11.20 Ω/cm2). The research findings can be utilized to create polymer coatings with enhanced thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance values. This polymer coatings could serve as structural materials for heat exchange devices.Highlights
Corrosion resistance increase with complexing of composite coating.
Thermal conductivity increase with complexing of composite coating.
Use of epoxy resin with secondary polypropylene make thermal conductivity value.