bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of muscular exercise in a hot environment on canine fibrinolytic activity
Authors: Bedrak E. 
Published: December 2017

The effect of muscular exercise, heat stress, and muscular exercise plus heat stress on the euglobulin fibrinolytic enzyme system was determined in 11 Alsatian dogs prior to and after acclimatization in a hot environment. All the physiological stresses employed, particularly muscular exercise in a hot environment, enhanced the fibrinolytic activity and lowered plasma fibrinogen levels in all animals, especially in the nonacclimatized. The increased fibrinolytic activity, as measured by fibrin plate methods, was primarily related to plasminogen activator and to a lesser degree to active plasmin. In acclimatized animals at rest, the activity of plasminogen activator is lower, that of plasmin is relatively unchanged, while the level of plasma fibrinogen tends to be higher than in nonacclimatized animals at rest. euglobulin fibrinolytic activity and heat acclimatization in dogs; heat stress; plasminogen activator; plasmin fibrinogen and heat acclimatization; nonacclimatized and heat-acclimatized dogs Submitted on November 23, 1964
Pyridoxine and GABA as antagonists to drug-induced convulsions in monkeys
Authors: Kopeloff Lenore M. , Chusid Joseph G. 
Published: December 2017

The antagonistic properties of pyridoxine and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) toward convulsant drugs were evaluated by determining their in vivo protective effects when administered parenterally prior to challenge. In a group of 28 monkeys composed of 19 chronic epileptics and 9 controls, pyridoxine and GABA provided variable grades of protection against the convulsant actions of methoxypyridoxine, semicarbazide, and to a lesser degree, pentamethylenetetrazol (Metrazol) and 3,3-methylethylglutarimide (Megimide). Neither pyridoxine nor GABA protected epileptic, brain-operated nonepileptic, or normal monkeys from the convulsant actions of parenteral picrotoxin. No evidence therefore was found in these experiments to support the suggestion that GABA (or pyridoxine) and picrotoxin are antagonistic to each other. experimental epilepsy in Macaca mulatta; gamma aminobutyric acid and vitamin B6 as anticonvulsants Submitted on February 15, 1965
Distribution of inspired gas during ventilation without respiratory movements
Authors: Lichtneckert Stefan J. A. , Lundgren Claes E. G. 
Published: December 2017

Normal subjects were ventilated by means of a barospirator, which allows cyclical ventilation without respiratory movements. It was thus possible to eliminate the influence that distension may have and allow flow resistance in the airways and the volume of the air spaces ventilated through them to become the main factors defining the distribution of inspired gas. Distribution of inspired gas was measured by nitrogen-elimination technique and by calculation of the index of alveolar ventilation. It could be demonstrated that the distribution of inspired gas in ventilation without respiratory movements is uneven, which is asscribed to different relations between the above-mentioned resistance volume factors in different parts of the lungs. airway resistance; index of alveolar ventilation; barospirator ventilation; mechanics of breathing; lung function; nitrogen-elimination curves; artificial respiration Submitted on December 31, 1964
Gas chromatography and pulmonary diffusing capacity measurements
Authors: Danzer L. A. , Kearns K. L. , Cohn J. E. 
Published: December 2017

A gas chromatographic system is described which accurately measures low levels of neon and carbon monoxide in high concentrations of oxygen. The system contains a special parallel column package used in conjunction with a venting valve. Accurate reproducible analyses for Ne, CO, CO2, O2 and N2 are obtained from a single 10-ml gas sample. respiratory gas analysis; carbon monoxide in oxygen, determination; neon in oxygen, determination Submitted on December 2, 1964
Tremor analyzer for small laboratory animals
Authors: Silverman R. W. , Jenden D. J. 
Published: December 2017

The design considerations and construction for a complete tremor analyzer have been reviewed. A design description of a working analyzer is presented which uses a loudspeaker as an electro-mechanical transducer. The electrical signal is amplified, filtered, rectified, and integrated to provide a continuous minute-to-minute indication of tremor amplitude. tremor tranducer; oxotremorine Submitted on September 8, 1969
Circulatory impairment during exposure to ambient pressures of 4 mm Hg and 55 mm Hg
Authors: Pratt Alfred J. , Stone Hubert L. , Stegall Hugh F. , Kaufman William C. 
Published: December 2017

The extent that the circulation is impaired under near-vacuum conditions was investigated in five anesthetized dogs and one anesthetized chimpanzee decompressed from 380 mm Hg to 4 mm Hg in l–2 s and maintained at 4 mm Hg for 60 s. Blood flow velocity, measured within the thoracic aorta with a catheter-tip Doppler flowmeter, severely decreased in dogs within 30 s and approximated cessation in the chimpanzee after 10 s. Aortic and vena caval pressures tended to equalize in dogs; equilibrium and subsequent pressure gradient inversion resulted in the chimpanzee. Mechanical events associated with gas expansion and especially water vaporization were believed largely responsible for these effects. Anoxic bradycardia, similar in both species, ensued also. Anoxic anoxia, uncomplicated by water vaporization after decompression from 431 mm Hg to 55 mm Hg, failed to seriously impair cardiovascular function in dogs, but apparently was accompanied in the chimpanzee by mechanical events from gas expansion sufficient to block the circulation. Differences in responses in these two species probably involved the physical characteristics of the torso. altitude; anoxia; ebullism; gas expansion; near-vacuum exposure; rapid decompression
Normal arterial blood pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide tensions in unanesthetized dogs
Authors: Feigl Eric O. , D'Alecy Louis G. 
Published: December 2017

Femoral artery blood samples from 30 unanesthetized unrestrained nonpanting dogs were analyzed. Average normal pH was 7.42 (sd 0.03), mean Po2 89.5 mm Hg (sd 4.4), and Pco2 36.8 mm Hg (sd 2.4). pH was determined with a glass electrode. Pco2 was measured using a Severinghaus electrode. Po2 was determined with a Clark-type polarographic polypropylene-covered electrode. Measurements were made at 39 C (normal dog rectal temperature). blood gas; Clark electrode; Severinghaus electrode
Current Concepts of the Immunological Function of the Thymus
Authors: Miller J. F. A. P. , Osoba David 
Published: December 2017

J. F. A. P. Miller and David Osoba, “Current Concepts of the Immunological Function of the Thymus,” Page 472, lines 9–11, should read: Discriminant spleen assays performed in thymectomized mice reconstituted with spleen cells showed that the restoration of immunological capacity was attributable to donor cells (136).
Sectional fixed appliance therapy in the mixed dentition
Authors: Rao Ashwin , YM Karuna , Tiwari Shweta , Krishnan Radha , Sivadas Sonia , Khare Mansi 
Published: December 2017

Abstract: There are many common dental malocclusions seen in the mixed dentition, such as premature loss of, or retained, deciduous teeth, submerged molars, supernumerary teeth, midline diastema, crossbites, increased overjet, open bites, ectopic eruptions and crowding. In properly selected cases, like dental anterior crossbites or unerupted incisors, interceptive orthodontic treatment not only improves function and aesthetics, but also achieves a relatively stable outcome, even after the removal of the appliance. A removable appliance can be a mode of interceptive orthodontic treatment. The success of the interceptive treatment using a removable appliance, however, depends upon patient compliance. In this regard, use of a sectional fixed appliance is gaining in popularity. This paper discusses four case scenarios of malocclusion in the mixed dentition managed using sectional fixed therapy. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The sectional fixed appliance is versatile, easy to use and well tolerated by patients. When used correctly, it gives a more controlled approach to tooth movement in all three dimensions and a more predictable outcome.
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 6. cytokines
Authors: Scully Crispian , Georgakopoulou Eleni A , Hassona Yazan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract: The immune system is the body's primary defence mechanism against infections, and disturbances in the system can cause disease if the system fails in defence functions (in immunocompromised people), or if the activity is detrimental to the host (as in auto-immune and auto-inflammatory states). A healthy immune system is also essential to normal health of dental and oral tissues. This series presents the basics for the understanding of the immune system; this article covers the cytokines. Clinical Relevance: Modern dental clinicians need a basic understanding of the immune system as it underlies health and disease.
A case of five mandibular incisors
Authors: Natarajan Madhumitha , Rao Bharath , Urala Arun S 
Published: December 2017

Abstract: Supernumeraries in the mandible is a rare phenomenon with a prevalence of 1% and varied aetiology. An additional mandibular incisor is a common clinical finding. Diagnosis is purely by clinical evaluation and a decision to extract or retain such teeth is critical in treatment planning. This is a case report of a 14-year-old female patient with forwardly placed front teeth. Intra-oral examination revealed a lingually erupting mandibular incisor. Diagnosis of the mandibular incisor supernumerary and its management will be discussed. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Differentiating a supplemental incisor can be quite challenging.
Effects of an activated charcoal silver dressing on chronic wounds with no clinical signs of infection
Authors: Verd Soriano J. , Rueda Lpez J. , Martnez Cuervo F. , Soldevilla Agreda J. 
Published: December 2017

Objective: This exploratory, clinical study aimed to explore the effect of an activated charcoal silver dressing (intervention) with cleansing and debridement (control) in reducing the level of bacteria in chronic wounds with no clinical signs of local infection. Method: Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group and monitored for two weeks. Samples for bacterial status and cultivation were obtained by surface smear (spatula) and percutaneous aspiration first at baseline and then after 15 days of treatment. Sixty-seven lesions were included in the intervention group and 58 in the control group. Results: At baseline, in the intervention group 71.6% of the wounds were contaminated, 7.5% had a high level of bacteria and 20.9% were infected. In the control group at baseline 65.5% of the wounds were contaminated, 6.9% colonised, 6.9% had a high level of bacteria and 20.7% were infected. There were no colonised wounds in the intervention group. After two weeks, combining totals of contaminated, colonised, a high level of bacteria and infection for each group, 85.1% (57/67) of the wounds in the intervention group had a positive bacterial level management (that is, a reduction in the number of bacteria in the wound) compared with 62.1% (36/58) in the control group (p=0.003). Conclusion: Activated charcoal dressings that contain silver control infection and reduce healing times, eliminating bacterial barriers. Declaration of interest: This study was performed with a non-restricted research grant from Johnson & Johnson, Espana, under the coordination of the Interdisciplinary Unit of Chronic Wounds of the Terrassa Health Consortium, with the support of the National Group for the Study and Advisory Services on Pressure Ulcers and Chronic Wounds (GNEAUPP).
Reading traditional crafts and national costumes through the concept of threshold: The Oriental carpet as a case study
Authors: Tseëlon Efrat 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The DOBAG project refers to an experiment designed to regenerate traditional craft making in indigenous cultures. Its focus were rural villages in Western Turkey and it emerged at a historical moment when the idea had currency. The project was inspired by a German scientist who lived and researched in Turkey. Having discovered the recipes for reproducing the ancient textile dyes that were extracted from plants, he spent time teaching them to the women artisans. In an example of entrepreneurial initiative, he also set up cooperatives to organize the work so as to put the women back in control of production after years of industrial weaving using synthetic dyes, and weaving to pre-ordered templates. His business model regulated retail by cutting out the middle men and working directly with select international dealers. The project was seen as an achievement of heritage preservation by the founders and by researchers, and for several decades starting in the early 1980s and ending after 2010, it helped households in remote villages in rural Anatolia, home to former nomads, to improve their standard of living. However, changes in Turkish economy and global markets, lack of infrastructure to support the new way of life, and different family priorities facilitated a shift among villagers from heritage-based entrepreneurship to becoming urban wage labourers. The project embodied Western colonialist guilt, the fantasy of saving the ‘noble savage’, and the tourist imagination in search of authenticity. The villagers, however, appeared more concerned with making a living, and heritage did not feature highly in their concerns. They treated the ‘staged authenticity’ demanded by the project as a sort of marketing tool. The comparison between the inside perspective of the weavers, and the outsiders, provided a starting point for problematizing the meaning and the usefulness of tradition in crafting identities through national costumes or national carpets. Some of the researchers who studied the DOBAG project rejected a binary approach in favour of a more nuanced view with less well defined categories. One such example, the notion of ‘thresholds’, was found both in the field work of anthropologists and in the art of Fatma Shanan, whose recent exhibition deals with issues of thresholds (e.g. between genders, interior/exterior, pure/contaminated, compliant/subversive, tradition/modernity), and portrays women negotiating the invisible boundaries of tribal community in the process of modernisation, which is a part of a modern state.
El docente de secundaria ante las reformas educativas en México. De apóstol a empleado desechable
Authors: Lozano Andrade Inés , Levinson Bradley A. 
Published: December 2017

Este artículo trata sobre las condiciones que vive el docente de secundaria ante los cambios derivados de la implementación de diversas reformas educativas en México (2006, 2011, 2013). Se realiza una investigación cualitativa que emplea entrevista semi-estructurada a 18 docentes de este nivel en la ciudad de México. El objetivo es describir e interpretar los significados y sentidos que tienen los docentes acerca de cómo viven estos cambios y de los factores que generan su situación. El análisis revela cómo los docentes de secundaria han significado su labor cada vez menos autónoma y, por tanto, más alienante, este último concepto es fundamental para comprender la sensación que están viviendo hoy en función de la implementación de estas reformas que han generado sensaciones que van desde el desencanto hasta el malestar. Los resultados revelan que los docentes hacen mención a la indisciplina e indiferencia de los jóvenes como una problemática central; a una pérdida del poder derivada de imposiciones para acreditar forzadamente al estudiantado independientemente de su desempeño; a la pérdida del prestigio social de su labor por las campañas mediáticas realizadas recientemente, las cuales justificaban la nueva y última reforma que afecta sus condiciones de estabilidad laboral, lo que les genera una sensación de incertidumbre y discontinuidad. La enajenación, como pérdida del dominio que tienen sobre sus acciones y la pérdida de seguridad en sus perspectivas, se plantea como un factor importante para ser considerado en la comprensión de la situación crítica de la escuela secundaria en México.
The Dynamic Relationship between Oil Prices and Exchange Rates
Authors: Sakaki Hamid 
Published: December 2017

<p>Using daily data of oil prices and exchange rates of 14 countries for the period January 1999 to November 2014, this study examines the dynamic correlation between oil prices and exchange rates by DCC-GARCH model. The results show the significant negative correlation between oil prices and exchange rates over the period. These results imply that the increase of oil price is coinciding with US dollar depreciation and vice versa. This correlation strengthens in negative direction during financial crisis period, while it shifts to an upward trend after financial crisis period.</p>
THE EFFECT OF APPLICATED ASH SAWDUST ON SWAMP LAND (INDRALAYA) FOR VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF RED PEPPER (Capsicum annum L.) VAR. CEMETI
Authors: Pratama Rahmat , Adriyansah Fikri , Safitri Ayu , M.S Rahman Ismail 
Published: December 2017

The research " The Effect of Applicated Ash Sawdust on Swamp Land (Indralaya) For Vegetative Growth of Red Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) var. Cemeti ’’ has done, from September to November 2017. It was conducted at green house and Pest Diseases Plant Laboratory, Plant Protection Department, Agriculture Faculty, University of Sriwijaya. This research was aimed to know the effect of applicated ash sawdust on vegetative growth of red pepper. The Completely Randomized Design with treatments are : 10, 20, and 30 g/ kg marshland and without ash sawdust (control), with 6 replicates each treatments. The result showed that applicated ash sawdust on measure 10 g/ kg soil significantly on number of growth 53.28 cm and number of branch 9.2, but not differ on dry weight of red pepper.Keywords : Swamp land, ash sawdust, branch, red pepper
Identification of Resistant Genotypes on Rice against Blast Disease under Field Condition at Rampur, Chitwan
Authors: Rijal Tirtha Raj , Hamal Govinda Bahadur , Jha Purushhotam , Koirala Keshab Babu 
Published: December 2017

Blast disease is considered as a major limiting factor in the global rice production because of its wide distribution and destructiveness and it has been causing significant yield loss in all rice growing areas of Nepal. Host resistance is the most desirable means of managing blast, especially in developing countries. Considering the importance of this disease field screening experiment was conducted to identify resistant rice genotypes against this disease. A total of 314 and 346 rice genotypes with resistant (Sabitri) and susceptible checks (Sankarika) were evaluated under epyphytotic conditions during 2016 and 2017 summer seasons at Rampur, respectively. During 2016 disease severity varied from 1 to 9 and only five genotypes; Sabitri, IR 12L 110, WAS122-IDSA14-WASB-FKRI, IR 10F 559and IR 10F 616 were resistant, 30 moderately resistant, 150 susceptible and 129 highly susceptible against blast disease. Similarly during 2016 out of 346 genotypes, 23 resistant as ARIZE SWIFT GOLD, IR95784-21-1-1-2, NR2169-10-4-1-1-1-1-1-2, NR2169-10-2-3-1-1-1-1-1, NR2181-165-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, NR2167-48-5-1-2-1-1, NR2171-2-1-1-3-1-1-2, NR2170-5-5-1-6-1-1-3-1, NR2170-31-1-1-5-1-1-1-1, NR2167-41-1-1-3-1, NR2172-34-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, Sabitri, IR82589-B-B-114-3, IR79913-B-238-3-3, IR93823-36, IR08L 152, IR82589-B-B-51-4, IR09F 434, IR55423-01, IR94391-131-353-19-B-1-1-1-1-1, NR2154-8-1-1-1-1-1, NR 2124-43-3-1-1-1, NR2160-68-1-1-1-1-1., 72 moderately resistant, 191 susceptible and 155 were highly susceptible. Most of the highly susceptible genotypes were knocked down at the time of disease scoring.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 505-510
Development of a Quantitative Estimation of Mammographically Breast Density
Authors: Nahar Meherun , Mollah Abdus Sattar , Mohammad Akramuzzaman Mir 
Published: December 2017

Objective: Increased mammographic breast density is a moderate independent risk factor for breast cancer. Assessment of breast density may become useful in risk assessment and prevention decisions. To evaluate the association between mammographic density and breast cancer risk, a simple observer-assisted technique called interactive thresholding was developed.Methods: For providing, a quantitative estimation of mammographically dense tissue, in this study computer assisted measurements were carried out using Adobe AIR software. For thresholding technique, software named ‘Xray Image Analyzer’ was programmed in Adobe AIR language version - Action script 3.0. runtime version- Flash player 9, AIR 1.0, and flash Lite-4. Interactive thresholding technique was applied to digitized film screen mammograms, which assesses the proportion of radio graphically dense tissue in the mammographic image representing mammographic density. The technique evaluated for 36 mammograms of 18 women who underwent referral mammography in a hospital at Dhaka city from October 2010 to October 2011.Results: The women in the selected group were in age range of 20 to 60 years, with a mean age of 44±9 and median age is 45 yrs. The technique was found to be very reliable with an intra-class correlation coefficient between observers typically R = 0.887. This technique may have a role in routine mammographic analysis for the purpose of assessing risk categories and as a tool in studies of the etiology of breast cancer, in particular for monitoring changes in breast parenchyma during potential preventive interventions. Conclusion: It is possible to use the interactive segmentation technique for other projections of the breast, such as the medio-lateral oblique view. In this case, however, it is necessary to perform a manual segmentation to remove the image of the pectoral muscle from the analysis. This technique can be employ as a tool in many clinical studies.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 18(1): 16-20, January 2015