bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fermi Observations of the LIGO Event GW170104
Authors: Goldstein A. , Veres P. , Burns E. , Blackburn L. , Briggs M. S. , Christensen N. , Cleveland W. H. , Connaughton V. , Canton T. Dal , Hamburg R. , Hui C. M. , Jenke P. A. , Kocevski D. , Preece R. D. , Siellez K. , Veitch J. , Wilson-Hodge C. A. , Bhat N. , Bissaldi E. , Gibby M. H. , Giles M. M. , von Kienlin A. , Mailyan B. , Meegan C. A. , Paciesas W. S. , Roberts O. J. , Stanbro M. ,   (Fermi-LAT Collaboration), Ackermann M. , Ajello M. , Atwood W. B. , Baldini L. , Barbiellini G. , Bastieri D. , Bellazzini R. , Blandford R. D. , Bloom E. D. , Bonino R. , Bottacini E. , Brandt T. J. , Bregeon J. , Bruel P. , Buehler R. , Burnett T. H. , Buson S. , Cameron R. A. , Caraveo P. A. , Cavazzuti E. , Cecchi C. , Charles E. , Chekhtman A. , Chiang J. , Chiaro G. , Ciprini S. , Cominsky L. R. , Costantin D. , Cutini S. , D’Ammando F. , Palma F. de , Desiante R. , Digel S. W. , Lalla N. Di , Mauro M. Di , Venere L. Di , Favuzzi C. , Ferrara E. C. , Franckowiak A. , Fukazawa Y. , Funk S. , Fusco P. , Gargano F. , Gasparrini D. , Giglietto N. , Giomi M. , Giordano F. , Giroletti M. , Glanzman T. , Green D. , Grenier I. A. , Grove J. E. , Guillemot L. , Guiriec S. , Harding A. K. , Hays E. , Horan D. , Jóhannesson G. , Kamae T. , Kensei S. , Kuss M. , Mura G. La , Larsson S. , Latronico L. , Li J. , Longo F. , Loparco F. , Lovellette M. N. , Lubrano P. , Magill J. D. , Maldera S. , Manfreda A. , Mazziotta M. N. , McEnery J. E. , Meyer M. , Michelson P. F. , Mizuno T. , Moiseev A. A. , Monzani M. E. , Moretti E. , Morselli A. , Moskalenko I. V. , Negro M. , Nuss E. , Ohsugi T. , Omodei N. , Orienti M. , Orlando E. , Ormes J. F. , Palatiello M. , Paliya V. S. , Paneque D. , Perkins J. S. , Persic M. , Pesce-Rollins M. , Petrosian V. , Piron F. , Porter T. A. , Principe G. , Racusin J. L. , Rainò S. , Rando R. , Razzano M. , Razzaque S. , Reimer A. , Reimer O. , Reposeur T. , Parkinson P. M. Saz , Sgrò C. , Siskind E. J. , Spada F. , Spandre G. , Spinelli P. , Suson D. J. , Thayer J. G. , Thayer J. B. , Torres D. F. , Troja E. , Vianello G. , Wood K. , Wood M. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) and Large Area Telescope (LAT) observations of the LIGO binary black hole merger (BBH) event GW170104. No candidate electromagnetic counterpart was detected by either GBM or LAT. A detailed analysis of the GBM and LAT data over timescales from seconds to days covering the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) localization region is presented. The resulting flux upper bound from the GBM is (5.2–9.4) × 10−7 erg cm−2 s−1 in the 10–1000 keV range and from the LAT is (0.2–90) × 10−9 erg cm−2 s−1 in the 0.1–1 GeV range. We also describe the improvements to our automated pipelines and analysis techniques for searching for and characterizing the potential electromagnetic counterparts for future gravitational-wave events from Advanced LIGO/Virgo.
Le verre en Europe au XX e siècle
Authors: Beffa Jean-Louis 
Published: August 2017

Trois caractéristiques héritées du siècle dominent l’industrie du verre au début du XX e siècle : le verre plat est devenu un bien intermédiaire de consommation, les entreprises sont désormais fortement capitalistiques, et elles se sont spécialisées et regroupées. Les quatre grands secteurs - glace, verre à vitre, verre creux, fibre de verre - voient des changements techniques majeurs, qui donnent provisoirement l’avantage commercial à leurs inventeurs européens. Ces changements technologiques conduisent rapidement à des échanges de compétences techniques ainsi qu’à une politique d’alliances autour des grands producteurs, et ceci dans chaque secteur. La période 1950-1970 voit les entreprises européennes, qui ont gardé leurs positions d’avant-guerre sur le marché, mettre l’accent sur la croissance quantitative, aidées en cela par le fort développement des marchés. La mutation technologique (1960) du "float glass", américaine celle-ci, entraîne l’émergence de nouvelles firmes, mais aussi l’échec de l’implantation américaine de Saint-Gobain. Elle met ainsi fin à des équilibres territoriaux historiques. De nos jours, les producteurs - voyant l’effondrement des prix suite à cette mutation - misent sur les produits à forte valeur ajoutée, et s’efforcent de rapprocher de leurs clients les sites de production.
L’industrie européenne du ciment au XX e siècle
Authors: Collomb Bertrand 
Published: August 2017

Trois facteurs sont à l’origine de la création de l’industrie cimentière : les progrès de la chimie au XIX e siècle qui ont permis la création du ciment, la maîtrise industrielle du dosage de quantités importantes de matière par broyage et l’apparition de grosses machines tournantes exploitées dans des conditions thermiques et mécaniques sévères. Jusqu’en 1960, l’industrie perfectionne constamment le procédé de production dans un marché qui est en pleine expansion grâce aux reconstructions d’après-guerre. Le secteur se sépare entre des entreprises essentiellement familiales à marché local et des sociétés prenant une envergure nationale en rachetant des cimentiers locaux ou en se portant acquéreurs de gisements riches et situés dans des endroits-clés. Les années 1960-1970 voient deux ruptures stratégiques : l’internationalisation de la profession qui conduit à une consolidation des synergies techniques et culturelles entre filiales du même groupe, et l’explosion du marché, grâce à l’apparition du béton prêt à l’emploi. Cette expansion du marché a entraîné une rationalisation (et automatisation) du procédé de production et la concentration de l’industrie. Ces deux ruptures stratégiques ont permis aux entreprises européennes de prendre le leadership mondial.
Las webs corporativas de museos como herramientas para la transparencia
Authors: Cordón Benito David , Maestro Espínola Lidia 
Published: August 2017

El entorno en el que operan las organizaciones se ha tambaleado en los últimos años. Los casos de corrupción, las prácticas poco éticas y la crisis económica han desembocado en una nueva complejidad en la que las instituciones deben recuperar la confianza perdida. El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar cómo los museos apuestan por la transparencia para mostrarse como organizaciones de confianza que cumplen con su fin social. Metodología. Se realiza un análisis de contenido a partir de los criterios de transparencia planteados por el informe de la Fundación Compromiso y Transparencia. Resultados y conclusiones. Al igual que otros tipos de organizaciones, los museos han apostado por utilizar sus webs como plataformas transparentes, donde se cumplen una serie de criterios que aumentan la confianza y se ofrece información de interés a la sociedad
Temporal Healing of Achilles Tendons After Injury in Rodents Depends on Surgical Treatment and Activity
Authors: Freedman Benjamin R. , Salka Nabeel S. , Morris Tyler R. , Bhatt Pankti R. , Pardes Adam M. , Gordon Joshua A. , Nuss Courtney A. , Riggin Corinne N. , Fryhofer George W. , Farber Daniel C. , Soslowsky Louis 
Published: August 2017

Introduction:
Achilles tendon ruptures affect 15 of 100,000 women and 55 of 100,000 men each year. Controversy continues to exist regarding optimal treatment and rehabilitation protocols. The objective of this study was to investigate the temporal effects of surgical repair and immobilization or activity on Achilles tendon healing and limb function after complete transection in rodents.

Methods:
Injured tendons were repaired (n = 64) or left nonrepaired (n = 64). The animals in both cohorts were further randomized into groups immobilized in plantar flexion for 1, 3, or 6 weeks that later resumed cage and treadmill activity for 5, 3, or 0 weeks, respectively (n = 36 for each regimen), which were euthanized at 6 weeks after injury, or into groups immobilized for 1 week and then euthanized (n = 20).

Results:
At 6 weeks after injury, the groups that had 1 week of immobilization and 5 weeks of activity had increased range of motion and decreased ankle joint toe stiffness compared with the groups that had 3 weeks of immobilization and 3 weeks of activity. The groups with 6 weeks of immobilization and no activity period had decreased tendon cross-sectional area but increased tendon echogenicity and collagen alignment. Surgical treatment dramatically decreased fatigue cycles to failure in repaired tendons from groups with 1 week of immobilization and 5 weeks of activity. Normalized comparisons between 1-week and 6-week postinjury data demonstrated that changes in tendon healing properties (area, alignment, and echogenicity) were maximized by 1 week of immobilization and 5 weeks of activity, compared with 6 weeks of immobilization and no activity period.

Discussion:
This study builds on an earlier study of Achilles tendon fatigue mechanics and functional outcomes during early healing by examining the temporal effects of different immobilization and/or activity regimens after initial postinjury immobilization.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrates how the temporal postinjury healing response of rodent Achilles tendons depends on both surgical treatment and the timing of immobilization/activity timing. The different pattern of healing and qualities of repaired and nonrepaired tendons suggest that two very different healing processes may occur, depending on the chosen immobilization/activity regimen.
Early Lessons on Bundled Payment at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Jubelt Lindsay E. , Goldfeld Keith S. , Blecker Saul B. , Chung Wei-Yi , Bendo John A. , Bosco Joseph A. , Errico Thomas J. , Frempong-Boadu Anthony K. , Iorio Richard , Slover James D. , Horwitz Leora I. 
Published: August 2017

Introduction:
Orthopaedic care is shifting to alternative payment models. We examined whether New York University Langone Medical Center achieved savings under the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Bundled Payments for Care Improvement initiative.

Methods:
This study was a difference-in-differences study of Medicare fee-for-service patients hospitalized from April 2011 to June 2012 and October 2013 to December 2014 for lower extremity joint arthroplasty, cardiac valve procedures, or spine surgery (intervention groups), or for congestive heart failure, major bowel procedures, medical peripheral vascular disorders, medical noninfectious orthopaedic care, or stroke (control group). We examined total episode costs and costs by service category.

Results:
We included 2,940 intervention episodes and 1,474 control episodes. Relative to the trend in the control group, lower extremity joint arthroplasty episodes achieved the greatest savings: adjusted average episode cost during the intervention period decreased by $3,017 (95% confidence interval [CI], −$6,066 to $31). For cardiac procedures, the adjusted average episode cost decreased by $2,999 (95% CI, −$8,103 to $2,105), and for spinal fusion, it increased by $8,291 (95% CI, $2,879 to $13,703). Savings were driven predominantly by shifting postdischarge care from inpatient rehabilitation facilities to home. Spinal fusion index admission costs increased because of changes in surgical technique.

Discussion:
Under bundled payment, New York University Langone Medical Center decreased total episode costs in patients undergoing lower extremity joint arthroplasty. For patients undergoing cardiac valve procedures, evidence of savings was not as strong, and for patients undergoing spinal fusion, total episode costs increased. For all three conditions, the proportion of patients referred to inpatient rehabilitation facilities upon discharge decreased. These changes were not associated with an increase in index hospital length of stay or readmission rate.

Conclusion:
Opportunities for savings under bundled payment may be greater for lower extremity joint arthroplasty than for other conditions.
Staatsimmuniteit van executie: beslagmogelijkheden voor crediteuren na de herfstarresten van de Hoge Raad (2016)
Authors: Ryngaert C.M.J. 
Published: August 2017

Staatsimmuniteit van executie: beslagmogelijkheden voor crediteuren na de herfstarresten van de Hoge Raad (2016)
In de herfst van 2016 heeft de Hoge Raad een aantal belangwekkende arresten inzake de staatsimmuniteit van executie gewezen, waarin hij met name het vermoeden bevestigt dat de vreemde staat immuniteit geniet in zowel executoriale als conservatoire beslagprocedures. De schuldeiser kan dit vermoeden weerleggen door te bewijzen dat de beoogde beslagobjecten gebruikt worden of bestemd zijn voor andere dan publieke doeleinden. Een en ander doet de vraag rijzen in hoeverre de schuldeiser de volgens de Hoge Raad op hem rustende stelplicht en bewijslast kan effectueren, en bijgevolg in hoeverre hij nog executiemaatregelen kan nemen ten aanzien van goederen van vreemde staten. Deze bijdrage situeert de arresten van de Hoge Raad in een internationaalrechtelijke context. Vervolgens wordt aangevoerd dat de Hoge Raad de op de schuldeiser rustende stelplicht praktisch werkbaar heeft willen houden teneinde de bescherming die de restrictieve immuniteitsleer aan de schuldeiser hoort te bieden niet illusoir te maken. De schuldeiser kan ermee volstaan aannemelijk te maken dat de onmiddellijke bestemming of het onmiddellijke gebruik van de opbrengsten uit de schuldvordering niet-publiek of niet-soeverein van aard zijn. Ten slotte wordt geargumenteerd dat de algemene gewoonterechtelijke regels inzake staatsimmuniteit niet onverkort gelden voor een bijzondere categorie van executieprocedures, namelijk deze die betrekking hebben op arbitrale vonnissen. Door met arbitrage in te stemmen wordt de betrokken vreemde staat geacht afstand te hebben gedaan van de immuniteit waarop hij eventueel recht heeft. De conclusie is dat de Hoge Raad de deur niet volledig heeft dichtgedaan voor schuldeisers die beogen beslag te leggen op goederen van vreemde staten,
Quantification of Hexavalent Chromium in Surface Water Samples by a Selective Electrochemical Method
Authors: Baig Jameel Ahmed , Bhutto Ashfaque Ali , Uddin Siraj , Kazi Tasneem Gul , Khan Muhammad Irfan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The current study aimed to develop a robust, selective, and sensitive voltammetric method for hexavalent chromium (CrVI) at a chemically modified carbon paste electrode. For the preparation of the electrode, a micropipet tip was packed with modified carbon paste mainly consisting of graphite powder and diphenylcarbazone (5 + 1, w/w). Voltammetric mode, type of electrolyte, pH, volume of electrolytes, accumulation time, accumulation potential, and stirring rate were studied in detail. The current response was linearly dependent on the concentration of CrVI from 0.20 to 2.60 µmol/L. The reproducible results were obtained for replicate analyses (n = 11) of three proposed electrodes of the same composition with RSDs of &lt;2.0%. The LODs and LOQs were found to be 0.052 and 0.174 µmol/L, respectively. The noticeable electrode surface passivation was not observed for the detection of CrVI. The proposed methods were successfully applied for CrVI in different surface waters in Sindh, Pakistan.
Chloroplast genome expansion by intron multiplication in the basal psychrophilic euglenoidEutreptiella pomquetensis
Authors: Dabbagh Nadja , Bennett Matthew S. , Triemer Richard E. , Preisfeld Angelika 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundOver the last few years multiple studies have been published showing a great diversity in size of chloroplast genomes (cpGenomes), and in the arrangement of gene clusters, in the Euglenales. However, while these genomes provided important insights into the evolution of cpGenomes across the Euglenales and within their genera, only two genomes were analyzed in regard to genomic variability between and within Euglenales and Eutreptiales. To better understand the dynamics of chloroplast genome evolution in early evolving Eutreptiales, this study focused on the cpGenome ofEutreptiella pomquetensis, and the spread and peculiarities of introns.MethodsTheEtl. pomquetensiscpGenome was sequenced, annotated and afterwards examined in structure, size, gene order and intron content. These features were compared with other euglenoid cpGenomes as well as those of prasinophyte green algae, includingPyramimonas parkeae.Results and DiscussionWith about 130,561 bp the chloroplast genome ofEtl. pomquetensis, a basal taxon in the phototrophic euglenoids, was considerably larger than the two other Eutreptiales cpGenomes sequenced so far. Although the detected quadripartite structure resembled most green algae and plant chloroplast genomes, the gene content of the single copy regions inEtl. pomquetensiswas completely different from those observed in green algae and plants. The gene composition ofEtl. pomquetensiswas extensively changed and turned out to be almost identical to other Eutreptiales and Euglenales, and not toP. parkeae. Furthermore, the cpGenome ofEtl. pomquetensiswas unexpectedly permeated by a high number of introns, which led to a substantially larger genome. The 51 identified introns ofEtl. pomquetensisshowed two major unique features: (i) more than half of the introns displayed a high level of pairwise identities; (ii) no group III introns could be identified in the protein coding genes. These findings support the hypothesis that group III introns are degenerated group II introns and evolved later.
Bacteria‐induced mixing in natural waters
Authors: Sommer T. , Danza F. , Berg J. , Sengupta A. , Constantinescu G. , Tokyay T. , Bürgmann H. , Dressler Y. , Sepúlveda Steiner O. , Schubert C. J. , Tonolla M. , Wüest A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSwimming organisms can enhance mixing in their natural environments by creating eddies in their wake and by dragging water along. However, these mixing mechanisms are inefficient for microorganisms, because swimming‐induced variations in velocity, temperature, and dissolved substances are evened out before they can be advected. In bioconvection, however, microorganisms induce water movement not by propulsion directly but by locally changing the fluid density, which drives convection. Observations of bioconvection have so far mainly been limited to laboratory settings. We report the first observation and quantification of bioconvection within a stratified natural water body. Using in situ measurements, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the bacterium Chromatium okenii is capable of mixing 0.3 to 1.2 m thick water layers at around 12 m water depth in the Alpine Lake Cadagno (Switzerland). As many species are capable of driving bioconvection, this phenomenon potentially plays a role in species distributions and influences large‐scale phenomena like algal blooms.
Tidal and residual currents across the northern Ryukyu Island chain observed by ferryboat ADCP
Authors: Liu Zhao‐Jun , Nakamura Hirohiko , Zhu Xiao‐Hua , Nishina Ayako , Dong Menghong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFerryboat Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data from 2003 to 2012 are used to estimate the tidal and residual currents across the northern Ryukyu Island chain (RIC) between the islands of Okinawa and Amamioshima. In this region, the M2 tide current is the strongest tidal component, and the K1 tide current is the strongest diurnal tidal component. The corresponding maximum amplitudes are 40 and 34 cm s−1, respectively. After removal of the tidal currents, the mean volume transport, 1.5 ± 2.7 Sv, flows into the East China Sea (ECS) from the western North Pacific through four channels in this area. In an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis performed to clarify the temporal and spatial variability of currents through the four channels, the first two EOF modes account for 71% and 18% of the total variance, respectively. The EOF1 mode shows a clear bottom‐intensified mode through the deep channel, which is likely to be formed by the propagation of bottom‐trapped long topographic Rossby wave caused by the impingement of westward‐propagating mesoscale eddies upon the eastern slope of the northern RIC. The EOF2 mode has significant seasonal variability and may be driven by the wind stress prevailing over the Kuroshio flow region around the northern RIC in October–November. This study provides observational evidence of the water exchanges across the northern RIC, which is essential for constructing a circulation scheme in the North Pacific subtropical western boundary region.
Tsunami and shelf resonance on the northern Chile coast
Authors: Cortés Pablo , Catalán Patricio A. , Aránguiz Rafael , Bellotti Giorgio 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis work presents the analysis of long waves resonance in two of the main cities along the northern coast of Chile, Arica, and Iquique, where a large tsunamigenic potential remains despite recent earthquakes. By combining a modal analysis solving the equation of free surface oscillations, with the analysis of background spectra derived from in situ measurements, the spatial and temporal structures of the modes are recovered. Comparison with spectra from three tsunamis of different characteristics shows that the modes found have been excited by past events. Moreover, the two locations show different response patterns. Arica is more sensitive to the characteristics of the tsunami source, whereas Iquique shows a smaller dependency and similar response for different tsunami events. Results are further compared with other methodologies with good agreement. These findings are relevant in characterizing the tsunami hazard in the area, and the methodology can be further extended to other regions along the Chilean coast.
Turbulent mixing within the Kuroshio in the Tokara Strait
Authors: Tsutsumi Eisuke , Matsuno Takeshi , Lien Ren‐Chieh , Nakamura Hirohiko , Senjyu Tomoharu , Guo Xinyu 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTurbulent mixing and background current were observed using a microstructure profiler and acoustic Doppler current profilers in the Tokara Strait, where many seamounts and small islands exist within the route of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea. Vertical structure and water properties of the Kuroshio were greatly modified downstream from shallow seamounts. In the lee of a seamount crest at 200 m depth, the modification made the flow tend to shear instability, and the vertical eddy diffusivity is enhanced by nearly 100 times that of the upstream site, to Kρ ∼ O(10−3)–O(10−2) m2 s−1. A one‐dimensional diffusion model using the observed eddy diffusivity reproduced the observed downstream evolution of the temperature‐salinity profile. However, the estimated diffusion time‐scale is at least 10 times longer than the observed advection time‐scale. This suggests that the eddy diffusivity reaches to O(10−1) m2 s−1 in the vicinity of the seamount. At a site away from the abrupt topography, eddy diffusivity was also elevated to O(10−3) m2 s−1, and was associated with shear instability presumably induced by the Kuroshio shear and near‐inertial internal‐wave shear. Our study suggests that a better prediction of current, water‐mass properties, and nutrients within the Kuroshio requires accurate understanding and parameterization of flow‐topography interaction such as internal hydraulics, the associated internal‐wave processes, and turbulent mixing processes.