bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blue carbon as just transition? A structured literature review
Authors: Atchison Jennifer , Foster Rose , Bell-James Justine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Non-technical summary
Substantive carbon is sequestered in mangrove, saltmarsh, seagrass, and other marine ecosystems. Blue carbon is considered to offer potential for enhanced carbon sequestration. Bringing blue carbon to market, however, presents risks to local people and communities with livelihood and other connections to these environments. While efforts are forged to establish payments for ecosystem services, blue carbon presents critical challenges to social and environmental justice. In this paper, we synthesize insights from relevant literature and provide direction for future research on the social and cultural dimensions of blue carbon.

Technical summary
Blue carbon has been proposed as a nature-based solution to mitigate climate change and is the focus of concerted scientific and policy attention. The rush to operationalize blue carbon however, presents significant risks for social and environmental justice where it intersects with inequality and marginalization. To date, the reasonable and just consequences of the social transformation that will accompany blue carbon are under-examined. We undertake a structured literature review of research published over the past decade that addresses the social and cultural dimensions of blue carbon, and chart four themes: (1) conceptual issues, (2) governance issues; (3) emergent lessons (from practice); and (4) future research directions that address: social acceptability; processes to address social justice including engagement, participation, and benefit sharing; information and data deficits; and institutional governance reform. If the stated opportunities are to be fully realized, we argue the social and cultural dimensions of blue carbon, and its intersections with social justice, must be attended to explicitly and clarified.

Social media summary
Just transitions to climate change mean attending to people, culture, and livelihoods as blue carbon is operationalized.
Sustainability dialogues in Brazil: implications for boundary-spanning science and education
Authors: Scarano Fabio R. , Brink Ebba , Carneiro Beatriz L. R. , Coutinho Luciane , Fernandes Clemir , Holz Vitória L. , Salgado Moema , Aguiar Ana C. P. , Latawiec Agnieszka E. , Pardini Renata , Sampaio Michelle C. , Aguiar Anna C. F. , Branco Paulo D. , Freire Laísa , Padgurschi Maíra C. G. , Pires Aliny P. F. , Soares Isadora M. M. , Solórzano Alexandro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Non-technical summary
Brazil – one of the world's largest biocultural diversities – faces high rates of habitat loss, social inequality, and land conflicts impacting indigenous and local peoples. To challenge that, Brazilian sustainability science and education needs to be strengthened. We searched for elements in ongoing bottom-up sustainability social movements that can help serve that purpose. We found values, contents, and attitudes that, if incorporated into Brazilian sustainability science and education, can assist its transformative potential by reflecting local voices and critically engaging with (often-hegemonic) northern concepts.

Technical summary
In Brazil, a strong sustainability science and education is required to confront ‘glocal’ issues such as zoonotic pandemics and climate change, which are worsened by rampant ecosystem loss and social vulnerability. However, a largely disciplinary university system has been slow to meet these urgent needs. To address if and how dialogical processes with non-academics can prompt integration between distinct types of knowledge, we analyze four bottom-up sustainability initiatives that promote dialogues between science, the arts, religion, youth, and indigenous and local knowledge, and reflect on lessons learnt with movement organizers, scientists, and educators – the authors of this paper. Although sustainability science produced in dialogue with other forms of knowledge is still emerging in Brazil, we find that bottom-up initiatives outside academia can inspire science and education to approach sustainability as wholeness – a state of balance to be fulfilled when reached individually, collectively, and cosmically. We discuss how to approach a transdisciplinary and reflexive attitude in Brazilian sustainability science and education, and highlight its unique contribution to frontier topics in global sustainability debates.

Social media summary
Social movements’ values, contents, and attitudes can inspire transformative Brazilian sustainability science and education.
Alterspsychiatrie ohne bewegungseinschränkende Maßnahmen
Authors: Baumberger Eliane , Richter Dirk 
Published: September 2024

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Bewegungseinschränkende Maßnahmen (BM) können schwerwiegende Folgen haben. Ihre Wirksamkeit ist nicht belegt. Sie tangieren die Menschenrechte und sollten abgeschafft oder stark reduziert werden. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Die ärztliche Anordnung von BM erfolgt häufig auf Empfehlung von Pflegenden, die mit BM Stürzen und herausfordernden Verhaltensweisen entgegenwirken wollen. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Zur Prävention von Stürzen und herausforderndem Verhalten sind evidenzbasierte Interventionen notwendig. BM, die durch pflegerische Maßnahmen vermieden werden könnten, sind gemäß der Schweizerischen Akademie der Medizinischen Wissenschaften (SAMW) nicht legitim.
A Reference Model of Crustal Thickness and Vp/Vs of Western Canada
Authors: Zhang Quan , Chen Yunfeng , Gu Yu Jeffrey , Currie Claire , Audet Pascal , Gilbert Hersh , Schutt Derek L. , Fernández‐Viejo Gabriela , Chen Yangkang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Canadian Cordillera marks a transition region from the current plate boundary through the Phanerozoic Cordilleran orogen to the Precambrian cratons. Knowledge of the subsurface structure of western Canada has been greatly advanced by seismological investigations during the past two decades, pioneered by the Lithoprobe project and, more recently, by regional passive seismic arrays. In this study, we construct a new model (WCANM22) of crustal thickness and P‐ to S‐wave velocity ratio, or Vp/Vs, by compiling receiver function data from 473 stations and existing constraints from over 2,600‐km long active source experiments. Our model covers a broad swath (about 1/4) of the land area of North America (105°–140°W, 48°–72°N) and shows an overall flat Moho beneath the Cordillera with an average depth of ∼36 km and a standard deviation of 3 km across orogenic belts. This study provides a comprehensive catalog of Vp/Vs in western Canada and reveals a moderate correlation between Poisson's ratio and the age of crustal domains. The average Vp/Vs values are 1.72, 1.79, and 1.82 for the Phanerozoic Cordillera, Proterozoic Cratons, and Archean‐aged Medicine Hat Block, respectively, suggesting continued modifications to crustal composition through episodic tectonothermal events. This distinct trend in western Canada sheds new light on the debated role of secular changes in the composition of continental crust.
Validation of Ps‐P Tomography for Obtaining 3D Crustal VP/VS With Small‐N Data Sets: An Application to the Mount St. Helens Magmatic System
Authors: Portner Daniel Evan , Delph Jonathan R. , Kiser Eric , Abers Geoffrey A. , Levander Alan , Pang Guanning 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe high sensitivity of VP/VS to the presence of melt makes images of VP/VS structure particularly useful in magmatic systems, but detailed three‐dimensional models of VP/VS structure in magmatic systems are often restricted to the upper crust where there is a concentration of seismic sources used for imaging. Ps‐P tomography is a new technique that has been used to image three‐dimensional crustal‐scale variations in VP/VS in regions with limited seismic instrumentation. We apply the Ps‐P tomography technique to a well‐constrained, independently imaged magmatic setting, Mount St. Helens, to outline the efficacy and limitations of this imaging approach. Our Ps‐P tomography model reveals previously imaged high VP/VS upper crustal magma reservoirs beneath active volcanic systems at Mount St. Helens, Mount Adams and the Indian Heaven Volcanic Field and low VP/VS anomalies associated with crystallized plutons. Our model also provides new VP/VS constraints in the lower crust that reveal a high VP/VS anomaly connecting the Mount St. Helens and Mount Adams reservoirs and a low VP/VS anomaly associated with lower crustal cumulates or mafic accreted terranes. Decimation tests further show that first order VP/VS structure is recoverable using as few as four recording seismometers. These images resemble those of independent, higher resolution images from traditional techniques, highlighting the utility of Ps‐P tomography for imaging three‐dimensional variations of VP/VS throughout the crust, including in data‐poor settings or with arrays not designed for structural seismic investigations, such as many volcano monitoring networks.
Anthropometric prediction models of body composition in 3 to 24month old infants: a multicenter international study
Authors: Wickramasinghe Vithanage Pujitha , Ariff Shabina , Norris Shane A. , Santos Ina S. , Kuriyan Rebecca , Nyati Lukhanyo H. , Varghese Jithin Sam , Murphy-Alford Alexia J. , Lucas Nishani , Costa Caroline , Ahuja Kiran D. K. , Jayasinghe S. , Kurpad Anura V. , Hills Andrew P. ,   Multi-center Infant Body Composition Reference Study (MIBCRS), Wickramasinghe V. Pujitha , Murphy-Alford Alexia , Nyati Lukhanyo , Costa Caroline S. , Ahmad Tanvir , Beckett Jeff M. , Bielemann Renata M. , Byrne Nuala M. , Charania Laila , Christian Michele Peresh , Divya Priscilla J. , Hanley Anne , Herath Manoja P. , Ismail Leila I. Cheikh , Jayasinghe Sisitha , Lanerolle Pulani , Loechl Cornelia , Mokhtar Najat , Senerath Upul , Slater Christine , Soofi Sajid , Street Steven J. , Valle Neiva C. J. , Yameen Ayesha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Accurate assessment of body composition during infancy is an important marker of early growth. This study aimed to develop anthropometric models to predict body composition in 3–24-month-old infants from diverse socioeconomic settings and ethnic groups.

Methods
An observational, longitudinal, prospective, multi-country study of infants from 3 to 24 months with body composition assessed at three monthly intervals using deuterium dilution (DD) and anthropometry. Linear mixed modelling was utilized to generate sex-specific fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) prediction equations, using length(m), weight-for-length (kg/m), triceps and subscapular skinfolds and South Asian ethnicity as variables. The study sample consisted of 1896 (942 measurements from 310 girls) training data sets, 941 (441 measurements from 154 girls) validation data sets of 3–24 months from Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa and Sri Lanka. The external validation group (test) comprised 349 measurements from 250 (185 from 124 girls) infants 3–6 months of age from South Africa, Australia and India.

Results
Sex-specific equations for three age categories (3–9 months; 10–18 months; 19–24 months) were developed, validated on same population and externally validated. Root mean squared error (RMSE) was similar between training, validation and test data for assessment of FM and FFM in boys and in girls. RMSPE and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were higher in validation compared to test data for predicting FM, however, in the assessment of FFM, both measures were lower in validation data. RMSE for test data from South Africa (M/F−0.46/0.45 kg) showed good agreement with validation data for assessment of FFM compared to Australia (M/F−0.51/0.33 kg) and India(M/F−0.77/0.80 kg).

Conclusions
Anthropometry-based FFM prediction equations provide acceptable results. Assessments based on equations developed on similar populations are more applicable than those developed from a different population.
The effect of DMSO on Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast with different energy metabolism and antioxidant status
Authors: Święciło Agata , Januś Ewa , Krzepiłko Anna , Skowrońska Monika 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe studied the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the biochemical and physiological parameters of S. cerevisiae yeast cells with varied energy metabolism and antioxidant status. The wild-type cells of varied genetic backgrounds and their isogenic mutants with impaired antioxidant defences (Δsod mutants) or response to environmental stress (ESR) (Δmsn2, Δmsn4 and double Δmsn2msn4 mutants) were used. Short-term exposure to DMSO even at a wide range of concentrations (2–20%) had little effect on the metabolic activity of the yeast cells and the stability of their cell membranes, but induced free radicals production and clearly altered their proliferative activity. Cells of the Δsod1 mutant showed greater sensitivity to DMSO in these conditions. DMSO at concentrations from 4 to 10–14% (depending on the strain and genetic background) activated the ESR programme. The effects of long-term exposure to DMSO were mainly depended on the type of energy metabolism and antioxidant system efficiency. Yeast cells with reduced antioxidant system efficiency and/or aerobic respiration were more susceptible to the toxic effects of DMSO than cells with a wild-type phenotype and respiro-fermentative or fully fermentative metabolism. These studies suggest a key role of stress response programs in both the processes of cell adaptation to small doses of this xenobiotic and the processes related to its toxicity resulting from large doses or chronic exposure to DMSO.
Cardiovascular outcomes in Parkinson’s disease patients from a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lim Subin , Yum Yun Jin , Kim Jong-Ho , Lee Chan-Nyoung , Joo Hyung Joon , Kwon Do-Young 
Published: September 2024

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) reports high rates of morbidity and mortality, but the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with PD has not been fully elucidated. This bi-center retrospective cohort study using the electronic health records (EHR) database of two tertiary hospitals screened a total of 327,292 subjects who visited the outpatient clinic, and 1194 patients with PD were propensity score-matched with a control population. The primary outcome was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Key secondary outcomes included all-cause death, cardiovascular (CV) death, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure hospitalization and 30-day CV death. After PS matching, MACE occurrence was not significantly different between PD and non-PD groups (18.2% vs. 17.5%, log-rank p = 0.98). Key secondary outcomes were also similar between the two groups. In patients with PD, MACE rate, and also CV risk score, were higher in patients with more severe PD (according to Hoehn and Yahr scale and unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale), and after multivariable analysis, PD severity was not an independent predictor of MACE. Patients with PD are at an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but the contribution from other common CV risk factors cannot be ignored. The management of prevalent CV risk factors is therefore important in mitigating adverse outcomes among patients with PD.
Manure-biochar compost mitigates the soil salinity stress in tomato plants by modulating the osmoregulatory mechanism, photosynthetic pigments, and ionic homeostasis
Authors: Kamal Mohammed Zia Uddin , Sarker Umakanta , Roy Siddhartha Kumar , Alam Mohammad Saiful , Azam Mohammad Golam , Miah Md. Yunus , Hossain Nazmul , Ercisli Sezai , Alamri Saud 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOne of the main abiotic stresses that affect plant development and lower agricultural productivity globally is salt in the soil. Organic amendments, such as compost and biochar can mitigate the opposing effects of soil salinity (SS) stress. The purpose of this experiment was to look at how tomato growth and yield on salty soil were affected by mineral fertilization and manure-biochar compost (MBC). Furthermore, the study looked at how biochar (organic amendments) work to help tomato plants that are stressed by salt and also a mechanism by which biochar addresses the salt stress on tomato plants. Tomato yield and vegetative growth were negatively impacted by untreated saline soil, indicating that tomatoes are salt-sensitive. MBC with mineral fertilization increased vegetative growth, biomass yield, fruit yield, chlorophyll, and nutrient contents, Na/K ratio of salt-stressed tomato plants signifies the ameliorating effects on tomato plant growth and yield, under salt stress. Furthermore, the application of MBC with mineral fertilizer decreased H2O2, but increased leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf proline, total soluble sugar, and ascorbic acid content and improved leaf membrane damage, in comparison with untreated plants, in response to salt stress. Among the composting substances, T7 [poultry manure-biochar composting (PBC) (1:2) @ 3 t/ha + soil-based test fertilizer (SBTF)] dose exhibited better-improving effects on salt stress and had maintained an order of T7 > T9 > T8 > T6 in total biomass and fruit yield of tomato. These results suggested that MBC might mitigate the antagonistic effects of salt stress on plant growth and yield of tomatoes by improving osmotic adjustment, antioxidant capacity, nutrient accumulation, protecting photosynthetic pigments, and reducing ROS production and leaf damage in tomato plant leaves.
Multi-output prediction of dose–response curves enables drug repositioning and biomarker discovery
Authors: Gutierrez Juan-José Giraldo , Lau Evelyn , Dharmapalan Subhashini , Parker Melody , Chen Yurui , Álvarez Mauricio A. , Wang Dennis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDrug response prediction is hampered by uncertainty in the measures of response and selection of doses. In this study, we propose a probabilistic multi-output model to simultaneously predict all dose–responses and uncover their biomarkers. By describing the relationship between genomic features and chemical properties to every response at every dose, our multi-output Gaussian Process (MOGP) models enable assessment of drug efficacy using any dose–response metric. This approach was tested across two drug screening studies and ten cancer types. Kullback-leibler divergence measured the importance of each feature and identified EZH2 gene as a novel biomarker of BRAF inhibitor response. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our MOGP models in accurately predicting dose–responses in different cancer types and when there is a limited number of drug screening experiments for training. Our findings highlight the potential of MOGP models in enhancing drug development pipelines by reducing data requirements and improving precision in dose–response predictions.
Reliability of the Unilateral Hearing Loss in Youth Instrument for Children With Single-Sided Deafness
Authors: Chang Grace W. , Christianson Erin S. , Barr Rachel S. , Wang Xing , Dunnell Janet J. , Sie Kathleen C. Y. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
While general practice parameter recommendations for children with unilateral hearing loss or single-sided deafness (SSD) have been published, clinically utilized subjective instruments specifically designed to assess this population are scarce. Treatment options are evaluated using audiometric data, speech perception data, and quality of life instruments. The Unilateral Hearing Loss in Youth (uniHELO) is a subjective assessment instrument that aims to evaluate the listening challenges in this population, but it has not yet been studied in a clinical setting. This study examined the reliability of the uniHELO among children with SSD.

Method:
This was a prospective within-subject study. Nine patients with SSD, aged 8–14 years, were enrolled. Participants had not used a personal hearing device for at least 6 months prior to enrollment. The uniHELO instrument was administered at two clinic visits separated by 3–4 weeks. For comparison, the Pediatric and Parent Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) instruments were administered during the same visits.

Results:
uniHELO scores were not significantly different between the first and second visits. The correlations of scale scores over time were: .96 for the uniHELO, which suggests excellent test–retest reliability; .84 for the Parent SSQ, which also suggests excellent test–retest reliability; and .27 for the Pediatric SSQ, which suggests poor test–retest reliability compared to the Parent SSQ and uniHELO.

Conclusions:
Within-subject scale uniHELO scores between clinic visits showed excellent test–retest reliability across items. The test–retest reliability scores for the uniHELO were also stronger than those for the Parent and Pediatric SSQ. These data support the use of the uniHELO to evaluate listening challenges in children with SSD.
Using Alpha-Band Power to Evaluate Hearing Aid Directionality Based on Multistream Architecture
Authors: Slugocki Christopher , Kuk Francis , Korhonen Petri 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
The aim of the study was to evaluate whether behavioral speech-in-noise (SiN) benefits of hearing aid directivity based on multistream architecture (MSA) might result in reduced electroencephalographic activity in the alpha-band, as is often associated with task difficulty.

Method:

A single-blind within-subject design was used in this study. Thirteen older adults (
M
age
= 73.5 years, range: 62–82 years, six women) with sensorineural hearing loss participated in the study. Participants wearing study hearing aids first performed an adaptive sentence-level SiN test in an MSA-enabled condition (i.e., MSA-ON) to determine the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) corresponding to speech reception thresholds for 50% correct performance (i.e., SRT-50s). Participants were then tested at their individualized SNRs with target sentences alternating on each trial between two loudspeakers positioned in the front at 0° and −30° azimuth, such as to simulate turn-taking between two talkers seated across from the listener. Electroencephalographic activity was recorded as participants performed this SiN test in two hearing aid conditions: MSA-OFF and MSA-ON.

Results:
Neural oscillations in the alpha-band were significantly reduced over centroparietal electrode sites when listeners performed SiN testing in MSA-ON versus MSA-OFF conditions. Alpha-band power was also observed to increase significantly over the course of 60 test trials, possibly indicative of listener fatigue. Reductions in alpha-band power were not significantly related to likewise improvements in SiN performance.

Conclusions:
Hearing aid directivity based on the MSA algorithm resulted in significantly lower neural activity associated with listening task difficulty in a simulated multitalker situation. Although these results align with the behavioral SiN improvements associated with MSA, magnitudes of change in alpha-band power did not correlate with the degree of behavioral benefit at the level of individual listeners. Measuring neural oscillations in the alpha-band might be useful for evaluating and gaining greater insight into the impact of hearing aid processing on listening effort in challenging acoustic environments.