bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exogenous nitric oxide treatment delays the senescence of postharvest mung bean sprouts by regulating ascorbic acid metabolism
Authors: Wang Hanbo , Qiu Mengyu , Zhang Bingqi , Zhang Liang , Wang Dan , Sun Yali 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study evaluated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) treatment on ascorbic acid (AsA) metabolism and mung bean sprout quality. It examined changes in the AsA content, enzyme activity associated with AsA metabolism, antioxidant capacity, cell membrane composition, and cellular structure to clarify the effects of NO on mung bean sprouts.RESULTSNitric oxide treatment preserved mung bean sprout quality by enhancing significantly the activity of enzymes involved in the l‐galactose pathway (including guanosine diphosphate (GDP)glutathione (‐d‐mannose pyrophosphorylase, GDP‐mannose‐3′,5′‐epimerase, GDP‐l‐galactose phosphorylase, l‐galactose‐1‐phosphate phosphatase, l‐galactose dehydrogenase, and l‐galactose‐1,4‐lactone dehydrogenase) and the AsA‐glutathione (GSH)(Beijing Solarbio Science and Technology Co.,Ltd., Beijing, China) cycle (including ascorbate peroxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase, glutathione reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase) during the germination and storage stage. Increased enzyme activity led to an increase in AsA content and enhanced antioxidant capacity, and reduced the membrane lipid damage in mung bean sprouts. This was demonstrated by higher levels of DPPH radical scavenging capacity, unsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids, along with lower levels of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions, and malondiadehyde, in NO‐treated mung bean sprouts. Scanning electron microscopy also revealed that NO treatment maintained the integrity of the cellular structure of the mung bean sprouts.CONCLUSIONNitric oxide accelerates AsA metabolism effectively by regulating the biosynthesis and regeneration of AsA in mung bean sprouts. These changes increased AsA levels, alleviated membrane lipid damage, delayed senescence, and maintained the quality of mung bean sprouts during storage. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Enhancing cider quality through co‐fermentation with acid protease and esterase‐producing Metschnikowia species and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Wu Yuzheng , Li Yuening , Liang Huipeng , Zhang Sufang , Lin Xinping , Ji Chaofan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo date, cider production has primarily relied on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Introducing novel non‐Saccharomyces yeasts can enhance the diversity of cider properties. Among these, the Metschnikowia genus stands out for its ability to produce hydrolytic enzymes that may impact the sensorial and technological properties of cider. This study focused on evaluating the impact of three Metschnikowia species – Metschnikowia koreensis (Mk), M. reukaufii (Mr), and M. pulcherrima (Mp) – which exhibit acid protease and esterase activity, on the quality enhancement of cider.RESULTSThe research findings indicate that the overall quality of cider produced through co‐fermentation with these species surpassed that of cider fermented with mono‐fermentation of S. cerevisiae (Sc). The cider fermented with the Sc + Mk combination exhibited the lowest levels of harsh‐tasting malic acid and higher levels of softer lactic acid. Sensory array analysis also demonstrated that the Sc + Mk fermented cider exhibited high sensor response values for compounds contributing to a complex overall olfactory composition and richness. Furthermore, the Sc + Mk fermented cider exhibited the highest total quantity and variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Specifically, the concentrations of phenethyl alcohol, 3‐methyl‐1‐butanol, ethyl octanoate, and decanoic acid were notably elevated in comparison with other groups.CONCLUSIONThis study illustrates that Metschnikowia species, particularly M. koreensis, show significant potential as starters for cider due to their various technological properties, including acidity modulation, aroma enhancement, and color improvement. The findings of this study provide a foundation for improving cider quality by co‐fermenting S. cerevisiae with innovative starter cultures. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of different adzuki bean flour additions on structural and functional characteristics of extruded buckwheat noodles
Authors: Zhao Chaofan , Zhou Jiankang , Zhang Zhuo , Wang Wenting , Guo Shengyuan , Bai Yu , Xue Yajie , Zhu Yuting , Gao Fei , Ren Guixing , Zhang Lizhen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDUnderstanding the effects of different additions of adzuki bean flour (ABF) on structural and functional characteristics of extruded buckwheat noodles is important in developing high‐quality starchy foods with desirable glycemic indexes. This study explored how varying amounts of ABF in extruded buckwheat noodles influenced their structural and functional characteristics.RESULTSThe findings indicated that adding ABF substantially boosted the levels of protein and flavonoids, while decreasing the content of fat and starch. Adding ABF to the noodles extended the optimum cooking time and led to a reduction in both the stickiness of the cooked noodles and the pore size of the starch gel structure, compared with pure buckwheat noodles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that R1047/1022 increased with the content of ABF increased, while R1022/995 decreased. X‐ray diffraction showed that the relative crystallinity of buckwheat noodles was enhanced with increasing ABF amount. Adding ABF notably significantly decreased the estimated glycemic index. The buckwheat noodles extruded with 20% ABF addition demonstrated notably stronger α‐glucosidase inhibitory effects than those extruded with no ABF addition.CONCLUSIONThe present study demonstrates that the additions of ABF improved the structure and hypoglycemic activity of extruded buckwheat noodles while decreasing starch digestibility, and the optimal value was reached at an ABF addition of 20%. The study might fill gaps in starch noodle research and provide a new strategy for the development of functional food in the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Preparation and characterization of a new food‐grade Pickering emulsion stabilized by mulberry‐leaf protein nanoparticles
Authors: Xie Yingshan , Li Hongyan , Deng Zeyuan , Peng Han , Yu Yanfang , Zhang Bing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFood‐grade Pickering particles, particularly plant proteins, have attracted significant interest due to their bio‐based nature, environmental friendliness, and edibility. Mulberry‐leaf protein (MLP) is a high‐quality protein with rich nutritional value and important functional properties. It has special amphoteric and emulsifying characteristics, making it valuable for use in Pickering emulsions. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using MLP nanoparticles as solid particles to stabilize Pickering emulsions.RESULTSThe particle size of MLP nanoparticles was less than 300 nm under neutral and alkaline conditions. At pH 9, the zeta potential value reached −34.3 mV, indicating the electrostatic stability of the particles. As ion concentration increased, the particle size of MLP nanoparticles increased, and the zeta potential decreased. Throughout the storage process, no obvious aggregation or precipitation was observed in the dispersion of MLP nanoparticles, indicating strong stability. The particle size of the Pickering emulsion decreased with the increase in protein concentration. When the protein concentration was low, the particles on the oil–water interface became sparse, resulting in poor stability of the prepared emulsion and making it susceptible to aggregation and thus larger particle sizes. Increasing the oil‐phase ratio to 70% (v/v) promotes the formation of Pickering emulsions, which exhibit exceptional stability when MLP nanoparticles are fixed at a concentration of 20 mg mL−1.CONCLUSIONThe overall findings indicated that MLP nanoparticles have potential as food‐grade materials for Pickering emulsions, marking a novel application of these nanoparticles in the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
In‐tube solid‐phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from refinery water samples using UiO‐66/polyacrylonitrile electrospun nanofibers followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet detection
Authors: Nasrollahi Seyedeh Sara , Yamini Yadollah 
Published: September 2024

A simple and quick fiber‐in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction (FIT‐SPME) was introduced for the extraction and determination of nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons followed by a high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet detector in refinery water samples. For this purpose, a water‐resistant metal‐organic framework with a high surface area called UiO‐66 has been applied in the form of an electrospun coating on stainless steel wires. After that, all the fibers were packed in the lumen of a stainless‐steel tube to make the extraction phase. Both one variable at a time and experimental design methods have been used to optimize effective parameters on FIT‐SPME. Under optimum conditions, the method demonstrated good linearity between 0.5 and 1000.0 µg/L with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.9906. Furthermore, the limits of detection values ranged from 0.2 to 1.5 µg/L. The intra‐day and inter‐day relative standard deviations were < 8.4% and < 9.7%, respectively. Lastly, the proposed method was applied to extract and determine analytes in four refinery water samples as well as surface water containing high total dissolved solids, and well waters where satisfactory results have been obtained.
Azithromycin Prevents Subglottic Stenosis in Mice
Authors: Ghaderi Daniel D. , Aronson Matthew R. , Mehta Amrita , Friedman Ryan M. , McDaid Kendra S. , Giordano Terri , Jacobs Ian N. , Gottardi Riccardo 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivePediatric subglottic stenosis (SGS) is characterized by subglottic narrowing which occurs when pathological fibroblasts deposit extracellular matrix that reduces airway patency. Recent clinical observations have suggested that azithromycin may have favorable impacts on SGS reduction while treating airway infections; furthermore, our recent work in mice demonstrated that the airway microbiome influences SGS. In this work, we characterize the protective effect of azithromycin as an immunomodulatory and antibacterial therapeutic against subglottic stenosis.MethodsImmunomodulatory and antifibrotic effects of azithromycin were assessed on TGF‐β1‐stimulated airway fibroblasts at 10 μg/mL for 5 days. Changes in gene expression were quantified by RT‐qPCR and myofibroblast differentiation by α‐SMA immunostaining. Murine airways were pretreated (2‐weeks) with intranasal azithromycin before SGS injury by a twisted wire brush. Disease severity and immune response were characterized by histology and immunostaining for immune cells.ResultsIn vitro, azithromycin treatment of TGF‐β1‐stimulated fibroblasts exhibited strong reductions in extracellular matrix (COL1A1, LOX) and myofibroblast‐related gene expression (ACTA2). Notably, there was a significant reduction in pro‐fibrotic expression, which was observed with 10 μg/mL azithromycin. Immunostaining of fibroblasts for α‐SMA revealed strong reductions in the number of positive‐staining cells and the intensity of each positive cell. In vivo, azithromycin exhibited a significant decrease in lamina propria thickness indicative of reduced stenosis with associated changes in T‐cell infiltration.ConclusionsOverall, we show azithromycin prevents pro‐fibrotic gene expression and myofibroblast differentiation and can help protect mice from developing SGS. This introduces azithromycin as a potential treatment for SGS.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 2024
Implementation and impact of a surgical dashboard on pediatric tonsillectomy outcomes: A quality improvement study
Authors: Dang Quynh‐Chi L. , Román Emily , Donner Kimberly , Carsey Emily , Mitchell Ron F. , Chorney Stephen R. , Johnson Romaine F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn pediatric tonsillectomy management, the consistent tracking of surgical outcomes and adherence to guidelines are vital. This study explores how a surgical dashboard can serve as a tool in research analysis, translating AAO‐HNSF guidelines into measurable performance improvements.MethodsUsing a prospective registry from three pediatric hospitals, a Tableau dashboard was constructed to graphically visualize key demographic and postoperative outcomes (including intensive care unit [ICU] utilization, 30‐day emergency department (ED) visits, and postoperative bleed rates) in children undergoing tonsillectomy from 2020 to 2024. From the dashboard data, a retrospective cohort study analyzing 6767 tonsillectomies was conducted from January 2, 2020, to June 20, 2023. Patients were categorized into low‐risk, OSA‐only (by ICD‐10 codes), and high‐risk groups based on comorbidities. Logistic regression identified factors influencing ED revisits and unplanned nursing calls. Three quality initiatives were assessed: preoperative school absence notes, perioperative dexamethasone recording, and post‐tonsillectomy parental education.ResultsA total of 2122 (31%) were low‐risk, 2648 (39%) were OSA‐only, and 1997 (30%) high risk. Risk factors that increased the likelihood of ED visits were high‐risk comorbidities (OR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.24–1.74; p < 0.001) and older age (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.03–1.08; p < 0.001). Risk factors that increased the likelihood of an unplanned nursing communication were high‐risk comorbidities (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.34–1.75; p < 0.001), older age (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.04; p = 0.001), and Medicaid insurance (OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.09–1.43; p = 0.002). Postoperative bleed control was generally comparable between the groups, at 2.8% (low risk), 2.7% (OSA), 3.2 (high risk) (p = 0.651).ConclusionThe dashboard aided in data collection, data visualization, and data analysis of quality improvement initiatives, effectively translating guidelines into tangible measures to enhance care.Level of evidenceNA.
Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria correlate with picophytoplankton across the Atlantic Ocean but show unique vertical bioenergetics
Authors: Gazulla Carlota R. , Koblížek Michal , Mercado Jesús M. , Gasol Josep M. , Sánchez Olga , Ferrera Isabel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAerobic anoxygenic phototrophic (AAP) bacteria are a common part of microbial communities in the sunlit ocean. They contain bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a)‐based photosystems that harvest solar energy for their metabolism. Across different oceanic regions, AAP bacteria seem to be more abundant in eutrophic areas, associated with high chlorophyll concentrations. While most previous studies focused on surface samplings, there is limited information regarding their vertical distribution in euphotic zones of the major ocean basins. Here, we hypothesized that AAP bacteria will follow a similar structure to the chlorophyll depth profile across areas with different degrees of stratification. To test this hypothesis, we enumerated AAP cells and determined bulk water BChl a concentrations along the photic zone of a latitudinal transect in the South and Central Atlantic Ocean. Overall, the distribution of AAP bacteria was highly correlated to that of chlorophyll a and to the abundance of picophytoplankton across both vertical and horizontal gradients. Furthermore, estimated light energy captured across the water column showed that, while AAP bacteria share a common latitudinal pattern of light absorption with picophytoplankton, they display a unique vertical arrangement with highest photoheterotrophic activity in the top 50 m of the surface ocean.
Thixoviscoplastic flow simulations based on Houska thixotropic and Bingham viscoplastic models
Authors: Begum Naheed , Ouazzi Abderrahim , Turek Stefan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe present finite element method (FEM) simulations for quasi‐Newtonian modeling approach for thixoviscoplastic (TVP) flow problems. TVP flows are based on Houska thixotropic and Bingham viscoplastic models, which leads to coupled multifield nonlinear problems, which requires on the one hand efficient solver, and a delicate treatment of boundary conditions (BCs) on the other hand. We use FEM monolithic adaptive discrete Newton‐multigrid method with efficient FEM discretization choice, that is, discontinuous linear pressure and biquadratic for both velocity and microstructure. In regard to BCs settings, we concretize our analysis for channel flow configuration, and develop one‐dimensional reduced model assuming fully developed flow, which provide us with discrete data that we use as BCs and validation tool for two‐dimensional FEM simulations.
Artificial recurrent model for parameter identification of dynamic systems
Authors: Bielitz Timo , Bestle Dieter 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe process of determining parameter values causing a specific system response usually relies on the existence of a mathematical model of the system, generally derivable from physical principles. This model may then be used to tune parameter values until the corresponding model output coincides with a desired one. To eliminate the necessity of setting up a mathematical model by causal deduction starting from physical principles, machine learning strategies may be applied. Here, the Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) network is the basis for a recurrent surrogate which predicts the solution starting from a specific initial condition being influenced by parameter values under investigation. With the trained model it is then possible to perform parameter identification by adjusting values of the model parameters either by use of classical optimization or machine learning (ML)‐based parameter training until the desired model response is achieved.
Topology optimization for precipitation hardening in ferroelectric material
Authors: Bohnen Matthias , Müller Ralf 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecent studies have shown that precipitation hardening effectively enhances the mechanical quality factor of ferroelectric material. In this work, Li‐doped , a material system with elliptical precipitates is investigated. We present a mechanical model to determine energetically stable precipitate shapes by minimizing the total energy, consisting of elastic and interface energy. Furthermore, we investigate the influence of external loads on the precipitate topology. Correct elastic constants as well as lattice misfits for the simulation are provided. The shapes determined from finite element simulations agree well with observed results.
Mesoscopic structure modeling of silica aerogels using cluster‐cluster aggregation
Authors: Xiong Weibo , Abdusalamov Rasul , Itskov Mikhail 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSilica aerogels are nanostructured materials known for their low density, high porosity, and excellent thermal insulation properties. Among silica aerogels, organosilane‐derived aerogels have received considerable interest for their additional chemical functionalities such as hydrophobicity and flexibility. This work investigates the mesoscopic modeling of such aerogels, extending an aggregation based model developed for conventional silica aerogels. The pH of sol–gel polymerizations is one of the most critical reaction and processing parameters in determining the porosity, density, strength, and transparency of the resulting gels. Achieving optical transparency in aerogels depends on the presence of homogeneous mesoporous network structures. To account for the effect of pH, a relationship between pH and adhesion probability was incorporated into a three‐dimensional cluster‐cluster aggregation (CCA) model, providing insight into the gelation process. In addition, size‐dependent diffusivities are considered in this study. By incorporating different factors into the CCA model, the gelation kinetics are evaluated. The obtained mesoscopic structure is compared with experimental characterizations, together with preliminary mechanical simulations.
Amine functionalized maleimide grafted MWCNT–CFRP hybrid composites interfacial/matrix healing and mechanical performance through thermally reversible cycloaddition
Authors: Dhanaraju Goteti , Pittala Raj Kumar , Ben B. Satish , Ben B. Avinash , Atgur Vinay , Banapurmath N. R. , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Kamangar Sarfaraz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRestoration of the structural integrity of damaged CFRP composite through thermally reversible Diels–Alder bonds with the exact interfacial healing between matrix/fiber is extremely desirable for manufacturing of high‐performance self‐healing laminates. This article demonstrates the fabrication of amine‐functionalized maleimide‐grafted MWCNT (with different weight ratios 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt%, and 1.5 wt%) reinforced thermally reversible self‐healing CFRP composite. The morphological changes, functional elements, elemental groups, and thermal degradation of functionalized‐MWCNTs were characterized by FESEM/HR‐TEM, FTIR, XRD, and TG‐DTA analysis. The results demonstrated that CFRP reinforced with silane/maleimide grafted MWCNT enhanced the dispersion, exhibited 82% healing efficiency and improvement in flexural strength‐67.11%, tensile strength‐64.75% concerning pure‐CFRP. FE‐SEM fractography of composites indicated that nanotube pullout was predominant failure‐criteria in CFRP‐pristine‐MWCNTs whereas strong interfacial adhesion dominated in CFRP‐maleimide‐MWCNTs. The purpose of this article is to investigate matrix/fiber/nanofillers interface healing properties of CFRP‐composite before and after damage. Furthermore, it is intended to reform structural integrity and examines average healing efficiency.Highlights
Amine‐functionalized maleimide‐grafted MWCNT, CFRP composite fabrication.
Characterized, morphological changes functional elements thermal degradation.
Improvement in healing efficiency (82%), flexural strength‐(67.11%).
The enthalpy of 0.5 wt% MWCNTBm enhanced to 10.91 J/g.
Fractographic examinations show extensive intralaminar/interlaminar deformation.