bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal zinc deficiency and congenital anomalies in newborns
Authors: Moghimi Mahmood , Ashrafzadeh Sahar , Rassi Sepehr , Naseh Ali 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundZinc deficiency in pregnant women is common, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. The available data, however, on the association between zinc deficiency and congenital malformations in the Iranian population are insufficient. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether maternal serum zinc deficiency is associated with major congenital malformations in newborns.MethodsThis descriptive, case–control study involved mothers of 80 neonates with congenital anomalies (study group) admitted to the Mofid Children's Hospital, Tehran, Iran. During the same period (2014 and 2015), serum zinc was measured in 80 mothers who had delivered normal newborns without congenital malformations (control group).ResultsMothers with serum zinc deficiency had a more than sevenfold risk of malformations in the fetus compared with mothers with normal serum zinc (OR, 7.013; 95%CI: 2.716–18.110). Newborns with malformation weighing ≤2500 g were associated with lower maternal serum zinc compared with the control group (P = 0.006).ConclusionsThere is an association between congenital malformation in newborns and maternal zinc deficiency.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in 61 neonates: Single‐center experience
Authors: Hirakawa Eiji , Ibara Satoshi , Tokuhisa Takuya , Maede Yoshinobu , Kuwahara Takako , Ishihara Chie , Noguchi Hiroyuki , Naitou Yoshiki , Yamamoto Masakatsu , Kibe Masaya , Yamamoto Tsuyoshi , Kurimoto Tomonori , Kamitomo Masato , Cho Kazutoshi , Minakami Hisanori 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundThere have been few reports on the outcome of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in newborn Japanese infants.MethodsA review was carried out of 61 neonates with ECMO between January 1995 and December 2015 at a single center. ECMO was used in neonates with oxygenation index >20 after conventional treatment. Background factors, such as etiology, vascular access mode (veno‐venous [VV] or veno‐arterial [VA]), number of days with ECMO, and early ECMO (within 24 h after birth), were analyzed in relation to outcome with respect to survival to hospital discharge (SHD).ResultsSurvival to hospital discharge was achieved in 35 infants (57%), while the remaining 26 died during hospital stay. Gestational age at birth was significantly higher and number of days with ECMO was significantly lower in SHD infants compared with those with adverse outcome (median, 4.0 vs 5.5 days, respectively; P = 0.008). The SHD rate was significantly higher for those with VV than VA vascular access mode (78%, 18/23 vs 45%, 17/38, respectively; P = 0.016), and for those with than without early ECMO (72%, 28/39 vs 32%, 7/22, respectively; P = 0.003). The SHD rate was relatively high in neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome (86%, 12/14), persistent pulmonary hypertension associated with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (75%, 6/8), and emphysema (80%, 4/5). On stepwise logistic regression analysis two independent factors of SHD were identified: early ECMO (OR, 9.63; 95%CI: 2.47–37.6) and ECMO length <8 days (OR, 8.05; 95%CI: 1.94–33.5).ConclusionsNeonates with early ECMO and those with ECMO duration <8 days may benefit from ECMO with respect to SHD.
Competitive interactions are mediated in a sex‐specific manner by arbuscular mycorrhiza in Antennaria dioica
Authors: Varga S. , Vega‐Frutis R. , Kytöviita M.‐M. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Plants usually interact with other plants, and the outcome of such interaction ranges from facilitation to competition depending on the identity of the plants, including their sexual expression. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have been shown to modify competitive interactions in plants. However, few studies have evaluated how AM fungi influence plant intraspecific and interspecific interactions in dioecious species.

The competitive abilities of female and male plants of Antennaria dioica were examined in a greenhouse experiment. Females and males were grown in the following competitive settings: (i) without competition, (ii) with intrasexual competition, (iii) with intersexual competition, and (iv) with interspecific competition by Hieracium pilosella – a plant with similar characteristics to A. dioica. Half of the pots were grown with Claroideoglomus claroideum, an AM fungus isolated from the same habitat as the plant material. We evaluated plant survival, growth, flowering phenology, and production of AM fungal structures.

Plant survival was unaffected by competition or AM fungi. Competition and the presence of AM fungi reduced plant biomass. However, the sexes responded differently to the interaction between fungal and competition treatments. Both intra‐ and interspecific competition results were sex‐specific, and in general, female performance was reduced by AM colonization. Plant competition or sex did not affect the intraradical structures, extraradical hyphae, or spore production of the AM fungus.

These findings suggest that plant sexual differences affect fundamental processes such as competitive ability and symbiotic relationships with AM fungi.
Fungal derived cytokinins are necessary for normal Ustilago maydis infection of maize
Authors: Morrison E. N. , Emery R. J. N. , Saville B. J. 
Published: October 2016

Phytohormones derived from fungi play a key role in regulating plant–pathogen interactions; however, deciphering the separate contributions of pathogen and plant during infection has been difficult. Here, the Ustilago maydis–Zea mays pathosystem was used to investigate this chemical exchange. Ustilago maydis, the causative agent of maize smut, produces cytokinins (CK), which are a group of phytohormones responsible for directing plant development. The characteristic symptom of smut disease is the formation of tumours composed of plant and fungal tissue. Isopentenyltransferase (IPT) catalyses the rate‐limiting step in CK biosynthesis, and U. maydis strains in which the sole tRNA‐ipt gene was deleted no longer produced CKs. These deletion strains elicited fewer, smaller tumours than the pathogenic strain SG200. High performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐ESI MS/MS) was used to detect and quantify phytohormone levels in infected tissue. This revealed that key hormone changes in SG200 infections were not present in infections by deletion strains, suggesting that CK production by U. maydis is required for the altered phytohormone profile in infected tissue relative to uninfected tissue. Separate analyses indicated that U. maydis tRNA‐ipt mutants might be altered in their ability to metabolize CKs taken up from the environment. Mining the U. maydis genome identified genes encoding putative CK signalling and biosynthesis proteins.
The impact of trunk impairment on performance‐determining activities in wheelchair rugby
Authors: Altmann V. C. , Groen B. E. , Hart A. L. , Vanlandewijck Y. C. , van Limbeek J. , Keijsers N. L.W. 
Published: October 2016

In Paralympic sport, classification of impairment is needed to prevent a one‐sided and predictable outcome of competition, in which the least impaired athlete has the best chance to win. To develop evidence‐based classification in wheelchair rugby, the impact of trunk impairment, measured by the Trunk Impairment Classification (TIC), on performance‐determining activities was assessed. Arm impairment was analyzed as a covariant. Fifty‐five athletes, 21 with TIC score 0, 13 with TIC score 0.5, 11 with TIC score 1.0, and 10 with TIC score 1.5 performed standardized sport‐specific activities. A multiple step forward regression analysis was performed for all activities to assess the relative impact of trunk and arm impairment on performance. Trunk impairment was the most important factor for tilting the chair and acceleration in the first 2 m. The explained variance of the performance by trunk and arm impairment ranged from 23% for acceleration in the first meter, to 37% for sprint momentum, the tilt test left, and the time to cover 3 and 4 m. This study shows that athletes with limited trunk impairment are more proficient in wheelchair rugby than athletes with severe trunk impairment.
When and Why Mimicry is Facilitated and Attenuated
Authors: Stel Mariëlle , van Dijk Eric , van Baaren Rick B. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAlthough people tend to mimic others automatically, mimicry is facilitated or attenuated depending on the specific context. In the current paper, the authors discuss when mimicry is facilitated and attenuated depending on characteristics of situations, targets, and observers. On the basis of the review, the authors propose a new model – the Associated Reactions to Actions in Context model (ARAC) – to explain why and when mimicry is facilitated and attenuated. ARAC proposes that when people observe an action, reaction‐to‐action neurons fire. Which reaction is elicited depends on the (learned or innate) association with an action in that context. Thus, when mimicry is rewarding in a specific context, this response is facilitated. When mimicry is damaging, this response is attenuated, and another reaction may be facilitated instead. The authors discuss the added value of the ARAC model compared to other models explaining the elicitation of behavioral reactions.
Performance of a clinical gridded electron gun in magnetic fields: Implications for MRI‐linac therapy
Authors: Whelan Brendan , Holloway Lois , Constantin Dragos , Oborn Brad , Bazalova‐Carter Magdalena , Fahrig Rebecca , Keall Paul 
Published: October 2016

PurposeMRI‐linac therapy is a rapidly growing field, and requires that conventional linear accelerators are operated with the fringe field of MRI magnets. One of the most sensitive accelerator components is the electron gun, which serves as the source of the beam. The purpose of this work was to develop a validated finite element model (FEM) model of a clinical triode (or gridded) electron gun, based on accurate geometric and electrical measurements, and to characterize the performance of this gun in magnetic fields.MethodsThe geometry of a Varian electron gun was measured using 3D laser scanning and digital calipers. The electric potentials and emission current of these guns were measured directly from six dose matched true beam linacs for the 6X, 10X, and 15X modes of operation. Based on these measurements, a finite element model (FEM) of the gun was developed using the commercial software opera/scala. The performance of the FEM model in magnetic fields was characterized using parallel fields ranging from 0 to 200 G in the in‐line direction, and 0–35 G in the perpendicular direction.ResultsThe FEM model matched the average measured emission current to within 5% across all three modes of operation. Different high voltage settings are used for the different modes; the 6X, 10X, and 15X modes have an average high voltage setting of 15, 10, and 11 kV. Due to these differences, different operating modes show different sensitivities in magnetic fields. For in line fields, the first current loss occurs at 40, 20, and 30 G for each mode. This is a much greater sensitivity than has previously been observed. For perpendicular fields, first beam loss occurred at 8, 5, and 5 G and total beam loss at 27, 22, and 20 G.ConclusionsA validated FEM model of a clinical triode electron gun has been developed based on accurate geometric and electrical measurements. Three different operating modes were simulated, with a maximum mean error of 5%. This gun shows greater sensitivity to in‐line magnetic fields than previously presented models, and different operating modes show different sensitivity.
Complete Genome Sequence of the
Streptomyces
Phage Nanodon
Authors: Erill Ivan , Caruso Steven M. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Streptomyces
phage Nanodon is a temperate double-stranded DNA
Siphoviridae
belonging to cluster BD1. It was isolated from soil collected in Kilauea, HI, using
Streptomyces griseus
subsp.
griseus
as a host.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of a
Haemophilus quentini
Strain Isolated from an Infant in the United Kingdom
Authors: Hubbard Alasdair T. M. , Davies Sian E. W. , Baxter Laura , Thompson Sarah , Collery Mark M. , Hand Daniel C. , Fink Colin G. , Thomas D. John I. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Haemophilus quentini
is a rare and distinct genospecies of
Haemophilus
that has been suggested as a cause of neonatal bacteremia and urinary tract infections in men. We present the draft whole-genome sequence of
H. quentini
MP1 isolated from an infant in the United Kingdom, aiding future identification and detection of this pathogen.
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterobacter ludwigii NCR3, a Heavy Metal–Resistant Rhizobacterium
Authors: Egidi Eleonora , Wood Jennifer L. , Aracic Sanja , Kannan Ruban , McDonald Lachlan , Bell Carolyn A. , Fox Edward M. , Liu Wuxing , Franks Ashley E. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome of
Enterobacter ludwigii
NCR3, a Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the
Carpobrotus rossii
(Haw.) Schwantes rhizosphere. The analysis of the ~4.8-Mb draft genome shows that this strain harbors several genes associated with heavy metal resistance and plant growth–promoting activity, suggesting its potential application in microbe-assisted phytoremediation.
Multiple Genome Sequences of Important Beer-Spoiling Lactic Acid Bacteria
Authors: Geissler Andreas J. , Behr Jürgen , Vogel Rudi F. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Seven strains of important beer-spoiling lactic acid bacteria were sequenced using single-molecule real-time sequencing. Complete genomes were obtained for strains of
Lactobacillus paracollinoides
,
Lactobacillus lindneri
, and
Pediococcus claussenii
. The analysis of these genomes emphasizes the role of plasmids as the genomic foundation of beer-spoiling ability.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus pumilus PDSLzg-1, a Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Oil-Contaminated Soil in China
Authors: Hao Kun , Li Hongna , Li Feng , Guo Ping 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Bacillus pumilus
strain PDSLzg-1, an efficient hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium, was isolated from oil-contaminated soil. Here, we present the complete sequence of its circular chromosome and circular plasmid. The genomic information is essential for the study of degradation of oil by
B. pumilus
PDSLzg-1.
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterococcus faecalis Strain F165 Isolated from a Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Paim Thiago G. S. , Pieta Luiza , Prichula Janira , Sambrano Gustavo E. , Soares Renata , Bello Aline Dall , Frazzon Jeverson , d'Azevedo Pedro A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here a draft genome sequence of
Enterococcus faecalis
strain F165 isolated from a urine specimen in South Brazil. The genome size was 3,049,734 bp, with a G+C content of 37.38%, and genes related to antimicrobial resistance and adherence were found in the strain. These findings are consistent with pathogenesis of
E. faecalis
species.
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp
. bulgaricus
LBB.B5
Authors: Urshev Zoltan , Hajo Karima , Lenoci Leonardo , Bron Peter A. , Dijkstra Annereinou , Alkema Wynand , Wels Michiel , Siezen Roland J. , Minkova Svetlana , van Hijum Sacha A. F. T. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus delbrueckii
subsp
. bulgaricus
LBB.B5 originates from homemade Bulgarian yogurt and was selected for its ability to form a strong association with
Streptococcus thermophilus
. The genome sequence will facilitate elucidating the genetic background behind the contribution of LBB.B5 to the taste and aroma of yogurt and its exceptional protocooperation with
S. thermophilus
.
Draft Genome Sequence of Yarrowia lipolytica Strain A-101 Isolated from Polluted Soil in Poland
Authors: Devillers Hugo , Brunel François , Połomska Xymena , Sarilar Véronique , Lazar Zbigniew , Robak Małgorzata , Neuvéglise Cécile 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Yarrowia lipolytica
is an early diverging species of the
Saccharomycotina
subphylum, which is recognized as a valuable host for many biotechnological applications exploiting its oleaginous capacities. The 20.5-Mb genome of the Polish
Y. lipolytica
strain A-101 will greatly help decipher the genetic basis of the regulation of its lipid metabolism.
Molecular Characterization of a Beak and Feather Disease Virus Genome from a Purple Crowned Lorikeet (
Glossopsitta porphyrocephala
)
Authors: Das Shubhagata , Subir Sarker , Fearnside Kathleen , Forwood Jade K. , Ghorashi Seyed A. , Raidal Shane R. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) from a purple crowned lorikeet (
Glossopsitta porphyrocephala
) was characterized. The genome consists of 2,010 nucleotides and encodes replicase-associated protein and capsid protein. This is the first evidence of BFDV infectivity and complete genome sequence for this novel host.
Genome Sequence of
Bacillus
sp. Strain UMTAT18 Isolated from the Dinoflagellate
Alexandrium tamiyavanichii
Found in the Straits of Malacca
Authors: Danish-Daniel Muhd , Ming Gan Han , Mohd Noor Mohd Ezhar , Sung Yeong Yik , Usup Gires 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Bacillus
sp. strain UMTAT18 was isolated from the harmful dinoflagellate
Alexandrium tamiyavanichii
. Its genome consists of 5,479,367 bp with 5,546 open reading frames, 102 tRNAs, and 29 rRNAs. Gene clusters for biosynthesis of nonribosomal peptides, bacteriocin, and lantipeptide were identified. It also contains siderophore and genes related to stress tolerance.
Characterization of Beak and Feather Disease Virus Genomes from Wild Musk Lorikeets (
Glossopsitta concinna
)
Authors: Das Shubhagata , Subir Sarker , Adriaanse Katherine , Forwood Jade K. , Ghorashi Seyed A. , Raidal Shane R. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Three complete genomes of beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) were recovered from wild musk lorikeets (
Glossopsitta concinna
). The genomes consisted of 2,008 to 2,010 nucleotides (nt) and encode two major proteins transcribing in opposing directions. This is the first report of BFDV complete genome sequences obtained from this host species.
Experimentation with e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation aid: a cross-sectional study in 28 European Union member states
Authors: Filippidis Filippos T , Laverty Anthony A , Vardavas Constantine I 
Published: October 2016

ObjectivesTo describe patterns of experimentation with electronic cigarettes as a smoking cessation aid, their self-reported impact on smoking cessation and to identify factors associated with self-reported successful quit attempts within the European Union (EU).DesignA cross-sectional study.Setting28 European Union member states.MethodsWe analysed data from wave 82.4 of the Special Eurobarometer survey, collected in December 2014 from all 28 EU member states. The total sample size was n=27 801 individuals aged ≥15 years; however, our analyses were conducted in different subgroups with sample sizes ranging from n=470 to n=9363. Data on e-cigarette experimentation and its self-reported impact on smoking cessation were collected. Logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with experimentation of e-cigarettes as cessation aids and with successful quitting. Logistic regression was also used to assess changes in the use of e-cigarettes as cessation aids between 2012 (using data from wave 77.1 of the Eurobarometer) and 2014 in each member state.ResultsE-cigarettes were often experimented with as a cessation aid, especially among younger smokers (OR=5.29) and those who reported financial difficulties (OR=1.33). In total, 10.6% of those who had ever attempted to quit smoking and 27.4% of those who did so using a cessation aid had experimented with e-cigarettes as a cessation aid. Among those who had used e-cigarettes as a cessation aid, those with higher education were more likely to have been successful in quitting (OR=2.23). There was great variation in trends of use of e-cigarette as a cessation aid between member states.ConclusionsExperimentation with e-cigarettes as a potential cessation aid at a population level has increased throughout the EU in recent years, and certain population groups are more likely to experiment with them as cessation aids. Research on the potential population impact of these trends is imperatively needed.
Bathing adaptations in the homes of older adults (BATH-OUT): protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT)
Authors: Whitehead Phillip J , James Marilyn , Belshaw Stuart , Dawson Tony , Day Miriam R , Walker Marion F 
Published: October 2016

IntroductionThe Care Act 2014 has placed a responsibility on local authorities in England to provide services that prevent deterioration and minimise the use of other health and social care services. Housing adaptations have been identified as 1 of the 10 most promising prevention services for older adults, with bathing adaptations being the most requested. However, many local authorities have lengthy waiting times which may increase costs, reduce effectiveness and reduce the preventive effect. There is no robust evidence of the effect of these adaptations on: health, well-being and functional ability.Methods and analysisThis is a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) with nested qualitative interview study. The RCT will recruit between 40 and 60 people who have been referred for an accessible showering facility, and their carers, from 1 local authority in England. They will be randomised to either usual adaptations (∼3-month wait) or immediate adaptations (no wait). The primary outcome is the feasibility of conducting a powered study. The outcomes assessed will be: health and social care-related quality of life, independence in activities of daily living and bathing, falls and use of health and social care services. Outcomes will be assessed at 3 and 6 months. Preliminary health economic feasibility will be established.Ethics and disseminationFavourable ethical opinion was provided by the Social Care Research Ethics Committee (reference number 16/IEC08/0017). The results of this study will lay the foundations for a further powered study. This would investigate the effect of bathing adaptations on quality of life and whether increased waiting times are associated with poorer outcomes and increased costs. The results have further potential to inform trials of other housing or social care interventions using the novel waiting list control method. Dissemination will include peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberISRCTN14876332; Pre-results.