bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Acetylcholinesterase‐Based Electrochemical Biosensor Using g‐C3N4@MoS2 Nanohybrid for the Detection of Trichlorfon
Authors: Chatterjee Srijita , Singh Harshita , Hudda Divya , Sweety  , Kumar Devendra 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTOrganophosphorus pesticides are commonly employed in agricultural fields due to their potent insecticidal properties and short environmental persistence. However, organophosphorus pesticides enter the human body through the food chain, surface, and groundwater, leading to irreversible damage to the nervous system. Therefore, monitoring the presence of organophosphorus pesticides in food is necessary to ensure human safety. Herein, an ultra‐sensitive electrochemical biosensor has been prepared by using graphitic carbon nitride decorated molybdenum sulfide (g‐C3N4@MoS2) as a catalyst for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides, trichlorfon. The synergistic effect of g‐C3N4@MoS2 boosts the electron transfer across the electrode surface, further contributing to the immobilization of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent. At optimum conditions, the developed biosensor (AChE/g‐C3N4@MoS2/ITO) demonstrated a broad linear range (5–100 nM) with a low detection limit (LOD) of 2.1 nM obtained using the equation 3σ/S where σ is the standard deviation and S is the sensitivity of the bioelectrode. In addition, the AChE/g‐C3N4@MoS2/ITO biosensor exhibited good stability and reproducibility, with satisfactory results for real sample analysis of trichlorfon detection.
Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate/aluminum hypophosphite on the high abrasion and flame resistance of NR/BR composites
Authors: Xu Lijie , Ma Ji , Guo Jingze , Li Yutong , Tan Shuangmei , Wang Hui , Li Lin , Li Zhuo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe flame‐retardants aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) and aluminum hypophosphite (ALHP) were introduced into natural rubber (NR) and butadiene rubber (BR) to prepare composites. The effects of the two flame‐retardants on the processing characteristics, physical properties, flame resistance, mechanical properties and abrasion resistance of the composites were studied and compared. Results showed that both flame‐retardants delayed the vulcanization of the composites and increased the Mooney viscosity and ADP exhibited a more evident increase. Both ADP and ALHP improved the flame resistances of the composites, but the ADP improvement was more obvious, and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the composites increased from 22% to 28.5%, when ADP was added at 45 phr. The addition of ADP and ALHP reduced the rebound and increased hardness of the composites. The two flame‐retardants reduced the tensile strength, tensile elongation, and tear strength of the composites; both flame‐retardants adversely affect abrasion resistance, with abrasion loss of composite increased by 100% and 85% at 45 phr of ADP and ALHP, respectively. ADP can considerably improve LOI of the composites compared with ALHP, but it has a more significant negative impact on abrasion resistance.
Chitosan‐based self‐healing hydrogel mediated by poly(acrylic‐methacrylic acid) exhibiting high biocompatibility and anti‐tumor activity
Authors: Pal Krishtan , Kumar Sandeep , Yadav Paramjeet , Jaiswal Sheetal , Kumar Rajesh , Acharya Arbind 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMulti‐responsive, self‐healing hydrogels were developed utilizing positively charged polysaccharides, chitosan, and water‐soluble chitosan. This fabrication employed free‐radical synthesized polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid along with the cross‐linker FeCl3, resulting in the generation of polyelectrolyte metal complexes, which enhances the properties of the chitosan‐based hydrogels, particularly their mechanical strength, self‐healing ability, thermal stability, swelling behavior, porous structure, cell viability, and even anticancer activity. Characterization and stability assessment of the hydrogels were performed using FT‐IR, nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, scanning electron microscopy, rheometer, x‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, DSC, and UV spectroscopy. FT‐IR measurements indicated that the facile complexation of the cross‐linker's metal ions (Fe3+) with the carboxylate (COO−), amino (NH), and hydroxyl (OH) groups of the polymers and chitosan chains facilitated rapid gelation. Furthermore, the sustained release of the drug levofloxacin (up to 80%) was observed to increase with increasing pH due to the hydrogels' anionic nature. Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity tests were conducted using the MTT assay on splenocytes and Dalton Lymphoma cancer cell lines. These tests demonstrated the promising potential of these hydrogels for drug delivery applications.
Disturbance estimation backstepping flight control based on the discrete Fourier transform
Authors: Ming Ruichen , Liu Xiaoxiong , Li Yu , Zhang Weiguo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the design of an adaptive backstepping (BS) nonlinear controller for time‐varying disturbances in flight control. The discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is used to design an adaptive law to suppress the influence of time‐varying disturbances. The traditional adaptive BS method ignores the derivatives of disturbances in the deduction process and cannot address certain fast, time‐varying disturbances well. Therefore, an improved adaptive BS method based on the DFT is proposed. Instead of estimating the disturbance directly, the proposed method obtains the time‐domain expression of the disturbance indirectly by estimating the disturbance spectrum and performing inverse DFT. The proposed method effectively overcomes the inability of the traditional adaptive BS method to estimate fast, time‐varying disturbances accurately. Finally, the proposed method is compared with traditional adaptive BS and radial basis function (RBF) neural network control methods. Simulation results confirm that the proposed method outperforms other methods under Gaussian disturbance and turbulence.
Increasing Specific Capacitance by Optimization of the Thickness of Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Zahorodna Veronika , Butenko Denys S. , Roslyk Iryna , Baginskyi Ivan , Izotov Volodymyr , Gogotsi Oleksiy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIncreasing energy density without sacrificing the lifetime, power and cyclability of electrochemical capacitors is a very important goal. However, most efforts are directed toward the improvement of active charge‐storing materials, while the design of devices and minimization of the weight/volume of the passive component have received less attention. We propose here a mathematical model of a carbon supercapacitor in organic electrolyte, which establishes a relationship between the specific capacitance of a device, the thickness of its electrodes, and the weight of its passive components (case, external current leads, current collectors, etc.). The model was built based on experimentally obtained dependences and has been validated using experiments with electrodes made of two porous carbon materials. Regardless of the pore size distribution in the specified range of electrode thicknesses, the functional dependence of the electrode's specific capacitance on the thickness is well described within the linear approximation. The developed model enables optimization of the electrode thickness, thus maximizing specific energy density for a chosen carbon electrode material.
A Comparison of Active and Passive Surveillance Strategies for Selected Birth Defects in New York
Authors: Howley Meredith M. , Williford Eva , St. Louis Amanda M. , Michalski Adrian M. , Browne Marilyn L. , Fisher Sarah C. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe New York State Birth Defects Registry (BDR) has passive and active components. As part of statewide passive ascertainment, the BDR receives reports of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD‐10) codes and descriptive narratives on a wide range of birth defects. The BDR conducts enhanced active surveillance for selected birth defects in 14 counties, which includes medical record abstraction and clinician review. We sought to quantify agreement between the two surveillance approaches.MethodsThe analysis included live‐born infants born with one of the 16 birth defects in 2018–2021 in the active surveillance counties (n = 1069 infants). We calculated positive predictive values (PPV) and 95% confidence intervals for each defect, defined as the percentage of cases confirmed in active surveillance among those in passive surveillance. Additionally, we calculated the percentage with each birth defect missed by passive surveillance.ResultsThe PPV varied greatly by birth defect. The PPV was >90% for gastroschisis and cleft lip, but <70% for spina bifida, diaphragmatic hernia, truncus arteriosus, tricuspid atresia, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, coarctation of the aorta, and pulmonary atresia. The percentage missed by passive surveillance ranged from 2% for tetralogy of Fallot to 39% for tricuspid atresia.ConclusionsActive surveillance is an important strategy for ruling out false positive case reports for certain birth defects that we assessed, but not all of them. Passive surveillance programs can use our findings to develop targeted strategies for improving data quality of specific birth defects using active surveillance methods, thus optimizing limited resources.
3‐Ethoxysalicylaldimine‐based symmetrical azine‐linked luminogen exhibiting ESIPT and bright orange colour AIE behaviour with live cell bioimaging application
Authors: Mathivanan Moorthy , Shanmugaraj Krishnamoorthy , Ilanchelian Malaichamy , Haribabu Jebiti , Hidalgo Paulina I. , Novoa Néstor 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHerein, we describe the design and development of a new cell‐permeable aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) active 3‐ethoxysalicylaldimine‐based symmetrical azine molecule HDBE. The synthesized compound underwent comprehensive investigation of different spectroscopic methods, like NMR, mass and single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The fluorophore HDBE exhibited the bright orange colour AIE behaviour in THF–H2O mixture. The drastic enhancement of emission was achieved upon adding the water to the THF solution of HDBE, with a concentration of 90%. Along with the dynamic light scattering (DLS) and quantum yield measurements, the formation of aggregates was also verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Further, HDBE demonstrated excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) characteristics in different polarity of solvents, which was corroborated by absorption, emission and lifetime spectroscopical investigations. The detailed scrutiny of X‐ray structure of HDBE displayed the two strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions, while solid‐state fluorescent spectra showed dual emission that corresponds to enol and keto form confirming the ESIPT feature. Further, the synthesized AIE molecule was non‐toxic and cell‐permeable, making it easy to label as a biomarker in live HeLa cells via fluorescent bioimaging. These studies offer a quick and easy way to develop both AIE and ESIPT‐coupled molecules for live cell bioimaging applications.
Carbon emissions and overinvestment are green bonds the solution?
Authors: Jebri Rouba , Lassoued Naima , Khanchel Imen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study examines the effect of carbon emissions on overinvestment and investigates whether this relationship is moderated by green bond issuance. Based on a sample of 90 non‐financial American firms (45 green bond issuers and 45 matched firms) observed from 2014 to 2022, the results indicate that carbon emissions, particularly those from Scopes 1 and 2, increase overinvestment. These findings suggest that carbon emissions are associated with agency conflicts, attributable to various factors such as divergent investment horizons between managers and shareholders. Furthermore, our results show that the issuance of green bonds attenuates this impact. This finding implies that green bonds emerge as a strategic tool not only to address external challenges, such as environmental issues—particularly the increase in carbon emissions—but also to manage internal challenges, such as the problem of overinvestment. Our study contributes to the growing literature on sustainable finance and corporate governance by highlighting the dual role of green bonds in both environmental management and investment efficiency.
Investigating binge‐watching and its effect on paid subscription: A mixed‐method study based on SOR theory
Authors: Song Lianlian , Yao Shanji , Liu Lili , Tso Geoffrey 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVideo‐on‐demand platforms encourage binge‐watching (BW) to stimulate consumers' paid subscription. Despite decades of research, prior studies have yet to reach a consensus on the definition of BW, which results in inconsistent findings regarding its effect on paid subscription behavior. Drawing on stimuli‐organism‐response theory and parasocial interaction studies, we develop a conceptual model to explore the causal mechanism that links BW, the consumer organism (attractiveness, identification, involvement, and parasocial interaction), and responses (impulsive paid subscription). We also investigate how the boundary condition of BW (number of episodes watched) affects this causal mechanism. We conducted an online survey and two quasi‐field experiments to collect data and verify the hypotheses. Our findings confirm that, compared with non‐BW, BW offers enhanced attractiveness, identification, involvement, and parasocial interaction, which results in more impulsive paid subscription behavior. Moreover, it is valid to define BW as watching at least three episodes of a program, which reveals significant differences in viewers' impulsive paid subscription behavior. Implications for future BW research and marketing strategies for video‐on‐demand platforms are discussed.
New Chlorine‐Containing Sesquiterpenoid from Artemisia Blepharolepis
Authors: Liu Zehao , Ma Lian , Qin Li , Shen Liang , Dai Xiling , Huang Guozheng , Cao Jianguo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOne new chlorinated sesquiterpenoid (compound 1, ablepharolide) and twenty‐one known compounds were obtained from the aerial parts of Artemisia blepharolepis. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods and the absolute configuration was further determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis for ablepharolide. Ablepharolide is a rare sesquiterpenoid with a 4‐methyl‐7‐isopropyl‐9‐ethyl‐perhydroindene skeleton that incorporates a chlorine atom. It significantly inhibited the growth of MCF‐7 cells with IC50 value of 8.34±0.77 μM. Further investigations demonstrated that ablepharolide induced morphological changes in MCF‐7 cells, inhibited proliferation in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that ablepharolide induced a significant increase in cleaved caspase‐8, cleaved caspase‐3 and cleaved poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) in MCF‐7 cells. All of these results supported that ablepharolide induced exogenous apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells.
HPPE Activates NRF2 Signaling by Liberating Heavy Metal Stores
Authors: Freeman Rebecca , Bollong Michael J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Cap'n'collar transcription factor BACH1 represses the transcription of gene products involved in oxidative stress protection. Accordingly, agents capable of inhibiting the activity of BACH1 would be of keen interest in treating several autoimmune and age‐related diseases. Here, we report that a previously annotated BACH1 inhibitor, HPPE, does not inhibit BACH1 but instead activates a NRF2 driven transcription program that is dependent on the canonical cysteine sensors of NRF2 inhibitory protein KEAP1. Mechanistically, HPPE acts as an ionophore, liberating cellular Zn2+ stores and inducing non‐lethal levels of reactive oxygen species, resulting in KEAP1 inactivation. These data provide a surprising mechanism by which HPPE acts in cells and suggest that inducing small amounts of cellular stress may be a viable mechanism for activating NRF2 therapeutically.
Recombinant Production of The Cyclotide Kalata B1 by Conditional Split Inteins
Authors: Yayci Abdulkadir , Huang Yen‐Hua , Harvey Peta J. , Craik David J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study describes the design, production, and characterization of a novel conditional intein system for the recombinant production of cyclic peptides. The system is based on two key features: (1) a promiscuous extein recognition site allowing cyclization of virtually any peptide, and (2) a secondary split site within the intein itself enabling triggered splicing at will. Two intein precursors were recombinantly expressed, purified, and then self‐assembled in vitro to cyclize the model peptide kalata B1 (kB1). Cyclized kB1 was successfully purified, refolded, and characterized by mass spectrometry and NMR, demonstrating correct disulfide bond formation and identical structure to synthetic kB1. Importantly, the intein‐derived kB1 retained full biological activity as evidenced by insect cell toxicity assays. This work establishes a versatile and efficient approach for intein‐mediated protein cyclization with potential applications in bioengineering and peptide discovery.
Discovery of Lacto‐N‐Biosidases and a Novel N‐Acetyllactosaminidase Activity in the CAZy Family GH20: Functional Diversity and Structural Insights
Authors: Vuillemin Marlene , Muschiol Jan , Zhang Yan , Holck Jesper , Barrett Kristian , Preben Morth Jens , Meyer Anne S. , Zeuner Birgitte 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe glycoside hydrolase family 20 (GH20) predominantly features N‐acetylhexosaminidases (EC 3.2.1.52), with only few known lacto‐N‐biosidases (EC 3.2.1.140; LNBases). LNBases catalyze the degradation of lacto‐N‐tetraose (LNT), a prominent component of human milk oligosaccharides, thereby supporting a healthy infant gut microbiome development. We investigated GH20 diversity to discover novel enzymes that release disaccharides such as lacto‐N‐biose (LNB). Our approach combined peptide clustering, sequence analysis, and 3D structure model evaluation to assess active site topologies, focusing on the presence of a subsite −2. Five LNBases were active on pNP‐LNB and four showed activity on LNT. One enzyme displayed activity on both pNP‐LacNAc and pNP‐LNB, establishing the first report of N‐acetyllactosaminidase (LacNAcase) activity. Exploration of this enzyme cluster led to the identification of four additional enzymes sharing this dual substrate specificity. Comparing the determined crystal structure of a specific LNBase (TrpyGH20) and the first crystal structure of an enzyme with dual LacNAcase/LNBase activity (TrdeGH20) revealed a highly conserved subsite −1, common to GH20 enzymes, while the −2 subsites varied significantly. TrdeGH20 had a wider subsite −2, accommodating Gal with both β1,4‐ and β1,3‐linkages to the GlcNAc in subsite −1. Biotechnological applications of these enzymes may include structural elucidation of complex carbohydrates and glycoengineering.
Chronic painful swelling in the popliteal fossa—A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Limaiem Faten , Gharbi Mohamed Amine , Bouzidi Ramzi 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe differential diagnoses of popliteal ganglion cysts include Baker's cysts, popliteal artery aneurysms, popliteal tendinitis, popliteal lymphadenopathy, lipomas, and synovial sarcoma.
Iron‐ and Nitrogen‐Containing Carbon Nanotube/Carbide‐Derived Carbon‐Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Acidic Conditions
Authors: Lilloja Jaana , Fetuga Oluwaseun E. , Kibena‐Põldsepp Elo , Kikas Arvo , Käärik Maike , Aruväli Jaan , Kozlova Jekaterina , Treshchalov Alexey , Kisand Vambola , Leis Jaan , Kukli Kaupo , Tammeveski Kaido 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, iron‐ and nitrogen‐doped carbide‐derived carbon and carbon nanotube (CDC/CNT) composites are prepared and used as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts in acidic conditions. Three different approaches are taken to mix iron and nitrogen precursors, namely iron(II) acetate and 1,10‐phenanthroline, with the nanocarbon materials. The doping is done via high‐temperature pyrolysis. The success of doping is proved by several physicochemical methods indicating that iron is atomically dispersed. The Fe−N−C catalyst materials possess similar textural properties with high specific surface area and plenty of pores in different sizes. The evaluation of the ORR activity using the rotating (ring−)disk electrode method shows that the prepared Fe−N−C materials have very similar and good electrocatalytic performance in acidic media and low yield of H2O2 formation. This excellent ORR performance of the Fe−N−C catalyst materials is attributed to the presence of Fe−Nx and pyridinic‐N moieties, as well as a feasible porous structure.
Unraveling reaction discrepancy and electrolyte stabilizing effects of auto‐oxygenated porphyrin catalysts in lithium–oxygen and lithium–air cells
Authors: Kim Boran , Park Hyunyoung , Kim Hyun‐Soo , Lee Jun Seo , Kim Jongsoon , Ryu Won‐Hee 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLithium–oxygen (Li–O2) batteries are an emerging energy storage alternative with the potential to meet the recent increase in demand for high‐energy‐density batteries. From a practical viewpoint, lithium–air (Li–Air) batteries using ambient air instead of pure oxygen could be the final goal. However, the slow oxygen reduction and evolution reactions interfere with reversible cell operation during cycling. Therefore, research continues to explore various catalyst materials. The present study attempts to improve the performance of Li–Air batteries by using porphyrin‐based materials known to have catalytic effects in Li–O2 batteries. The results confirm that the iron phthalocyanine (FePc) catalyst not only exhibits a catalytic effect in an air atmosphere with a low oxygen fraction but also suppresses electrolyte decomposition by stabilizing superoxide radical ions (O2−) at a high voltage range. Density functional theory calculations are used to gain insight into the exact FePc‐mediated catalytic mechanism in Li–Air batteries, and various ex situ and in situ analyses reveal the reversible reactions and structural changes in FePc during electrochemical reaction. This study provides a practical solution to ultimately realize an air‐breathing battery using nature‐friendly catalyst materials.