bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multifunctional Nanocomplex as miRNA/Antibiotic Co‐Delivery System Based on Tetrahedral Framework DNA: Application to Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Lyu Xiaoying , Wu Haoyan , Chen Ye , Sun Yue , Cai Xiaoxiao , Li Songhang , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInfected wounds are a complex disease involving bacterial infections and dysregulated inflammation. However, current research has mostly focused on bacterial inhibition rather than on inflammation. Thus, combined therapeutic strategies with anti‐bacterial and anti‐inflammation efficacies are urgently needed. Antibiotics are the main treatment strategy for infections. However, the excessive use of antibiotics throughout the body can cause serious side effects. In addition, miRNA‐based therapeutics are superior for the treatment of wounds, but their rapid degradation and poor cellular uptake limit their clinical application. Tetrahedral framework DNA (tFNA) is an ideal drug delivery system owing to its excellent stability and remarkable transport ability. Herein, a novel multi‐functional miRNA and antibiotic co‐delivery system based on tFNA is presented for the first time, called B/L. B/L has heightened resistance to serum and excellent codelivery ability. After transdermal administration, B/L can specifically target TNF receptor‐associated factor 6(TRAF6) and IL‐1receptor‐associated kinase 1(IRAK1), thereby regulating nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐𝜿B) and thus effectively reducing inflammation and promoting the healing of infected wounds. This novel multi‐functional co‐delivery system provides a versatile, simple, biocompatible, and powerful platform for the personalized and combined treatment of multiple diseases.
Application of Sodium‐Rich Multifunctional Hard Carbon Synthesized via Multi‐Alloy Grafting Strategy for Presodiation in High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Teng Jinhan , Dai Binghan , Zhang Kaibo , Li Enmin , Lu Tianming , Huang Junjie , Deng Weifeng , Li Hao , Tang Xin , Li Jing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn sodium‐ion pouch batteries based on hard carbon, an additional source of active sodium significantly enhances the battery's initial coulombic efficiency and compensates for the loss of active sodium ions during cycling. This study investigates the interaction between metallic sodium with carbon materials and develops a composite powder material of sodium‐rich lithium‐aluminum using a multi‐alloy grafting strategy, to replenish the initial loss of active sodium in the hard carbon materials. To enhance the stability and utilization of this highly active sodium source, a novel slurry system based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) as a binder and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as a solvent is introduced. Furthermore, this study designs a hard carbon composite electrode structure with a stable layer and sacrificial layer (NPH), which not only accommodates current battery processing environments but also demonstrates excellent potential in practical applications. Ultimately, the soft‐packed sodium‐ion battery consists of NPH electrodes with composite sodium ferric pyrophosphate (NFPP) and demonstrates excellent initial coulombic efficiency (91%) and ultra‐high energy density (205 Wh kg−1). These results indicate significant technological and application implications for future energy storage.
Associations between physical diseases and subsequent mental disorders: a longitudinal study in a population‐based cohort
Authors: Momen Natalie C. , Østergaard Søren Dinesen , Heide‐Jorgensen Uffe , Sørensen Henrik Toft , McGrath John J. , Plana‐Ripoll Oleguer 
Published: September 2024

People with physical diseases are reported to be at elevated risk of subsequent mental disorders. However, previous studies have considered only a few pairs of conditions, or have reported only relative risks. This study aimed to systematically explore the associations between physical diseases and subsequent mental disorders. It examined a population‐based cohort of 7,673,978 people living in Denmark between 2000 and 2021, and followed them for a total of 119.3 million person‐years. The study assessed nine broad categories of physical diseases (cardiovascular, endocrine, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urogenital, musculoskeletal, hematological and neurological diseases, and cancers), encompassing 31 specific diseases, and the subsequent risk of mental disorder diagnoses, encompassing the ten ICD‐10 groupings (organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders; mental disorders due to psychoactive substance use; schizophrenia and related disorders; mood disorders; neurotic, stress‐related and somatoform disorders; eating disorders; personality disorders; intellectual disabilities; pervasive developmental disorders; and behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence). Using Poisson regression, the overall and time‐dependent incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for pairs of physical diseases and mental disorders were calculated, adjusting for age, sex and calendar time. Absolute risks were estimated with the Aalen‐Johansen estimator. In total, 646,171 people (8.4%) were identified as having any mental disorder during follow‐up. All physical diseases except cancers were associated with an elevated risk of any mental disorder. For the nine broad pairs of physical diseases and mental disorders, the median point estimate of IRR was 1.51 (range: 0.99‐1.84; interquartile range: 1.29‐1.59). The IRRs ranged from 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98‐1.01) after cancers to 1.84 (95% CI: 1.83‐1.85) after musculoskeletal diseases. Risks varied over time after the diagnosis of physical diseases. The cumulative mental disorder incidence within 15 years after diagnosis of a physical disease varied from 3.73% (95% CI: 3.67‐3.80) for cancers to 10.19% (95% CI: 10.13‐10.25) for respiratory diseases. These data document that most physical diseases are associated with an elevated risk of subsequent mental disorders. Clinicians treating physical diseases should constantly be alert to the possible development of secondary mental disorders.
Verbesserte radiologische Darstellung kongenitaler Auralatresien mittels „flat-panel volume CT“
Authors: Müller-Graff Franz-Tassilo , von Düring Jan , Voelker Johannes , Al-Tinawi Fadi , Hagen Rudolf , Neun Tilmann , Hackenberg Stephan , Rak Kristen 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine präzise präoperative radiologische Evaluation von Auralatresien ist für die Operationsplanung von größter Bedeutung. Bisher wurde hierfür die Multislice-Computertomographie (MSCT) verwendet, die jedoch kleine Strukturen wie den Stapes nur unzureichend dargestellen kann. Die „flat-panel volume CT“ (fpVCT) mit ihren sekundären Rekonstruktionen (fpVCTSECO) bietet eine hochauflösende Darstellung des Mittelohrs. Eine neue otochirurgische Planungssoftware ermöglicht überdies die detaillierte 3‑D-Rekonstruktion der Mittelohranatomie.

Ziel der Arbeit
Evaluierung des Einsatzes von fpVCTSECO in Kombination mit einer otochirurgischen Planungssoftware zur genaueren Diagnose und Behandlung kongenitaler Auralatresien.

Material und Methoden
Sieben Patienten mit kongenitaler Auralatresie erhielten präoperativ ein MSCT (600 µm Schichtdicke) und ein korrespondierendes fpVCT (466 µm Schichtdicke). Zusätzlich wurden fpVCTSECO (99 µm Schichtdicke) rekonstruiert. Die Jahrsdoerfer- und Siegert-Grading-Scores wurden bestimmt und ihre Anwendbarkeit in den oben genannten bildgebenden Modalitäten bewertet. Zusätzlich wurde der Malleus-incus-Komplex im 3‑D-Rendering analysiert.

Ergebnisse
Die Bildgebung mit fpVCTSECO ermöglichte eine zuverlässige Darstellung der Anomalien, insbesondere der Gehörknöchelchenkette. Es wurde ein signifikanter Unterschied im Siegert-Grading-Score festgestellt. Zusätzlich konnte der Malleus-Incus-Komplex in 3‑D besser dargestellt werden.

Diskussion
Die Einführung neuer bildgebender Verfahren und chirurgischer Planungstechniken in das diagnostische Konzept der Auralatresie erleichtert die Identifizierung der fehlgebildeten Anatomie und ermöglicht eine systematische Analyse. Diese Kombination kann auch dazu beitragen, die Pathologie genauer zu klassifizieren und damit die Sicherheit und den Erfolg des chirurgischen Eingriffs zu erhöhen.
Decompositions of Hyperbolic Kac–Moody Algebras with Respect to Imaginary Root Groups
Authors: Feingold Alex J. , Kleinschmidt Axel , Nicolai Hermann 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe propose a novel way to define imaginary root subgroups associated with (timelike) imaginary roots of hyperbolic Kac–Moody algebras. Using in an essential way the theory of unitary irreducible representation of covers of the group SO(2, 1), these imaginary root subgroups act on the complex Kac–Moody algebra viewed as a Hilbert space. We illustrate our new view on Kac–Moody groups by considering the example of a rank-two hyperbolic algebra that is related to the Fibonacci numbers. We also point out some open issues and new avenues for further research, and briefly discuss the potential relevance of the present results for physics and current attempts at unification.
Genetic optimization of the human gut bacterium Phocaeicola vulgatus for enhanced succinate production
Authors: Gindt Mélanie E. , Lück Rebecca , Deppenmeier Uwe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The demand for sustainably produced bulk chemicals is constantly rising. Succinate serves as a fundamental component in various food, chemical, and pharmaceutical products. Succinate can be produced from sustainable raw materials using microbial fermentation and enzyme-based technologies. Bacteroides and Phocaeicola species, widely distributed and prevalent gut commensals, possess enzyme sets for the metabolization of complex plant polysaccharides and synthesize succinate as a fermentative end product. This study employed novel molecular techniques to enhance succinate yields in the natural succinate producer Phocaeicola vulgatus by directing the metabolic carbon flow toward succinate formation. The deletion of the gene encoding the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (Δmcm, bvu_0309-0310) resulted in a 95% increase in succinate production, as metabolization to propionate was effectively blocked. Furthermore, deletion of genes encoding the lactate dehydrogenase (Δldh, bvu_2499) and the pyruvate:formate lyase (Δpfl, bvu_2880) eliminated the formation of fermentative end products lactate and formate. By overproducing the transketolase (TKT, BVU_2318) in the triple deletion mutant, succinate production increased from 3.9 mmol/g dry weight in the wild type to 10.9 mmol/g dry weight. Overall, succinate yield increased by 180% in the new mutant strain P. vulgatus Δmcm Δldh Δpfl pG106_tkt relative to the parent strain. This approach is a proof of concept, verifying the genetic accessibility of P. vulgatus, and forms the basis for targeted genetic optimization. The increase of efficiency highlights the huge potential of P. vulgatus as a succinate producer with applications in sustainable bioproduction processes.

Key points
• Deleting methylmalonyl-CoA mutase gene in P. vulgatus doubled succinate production
• Triple deletion mutant with transketolase overexpression increased succinate yield by 180%
• P. vulgatus shows high potential for sustainable bulk chemical production via genetic optimization
Derivation and validation of a predictive model for subtotal cholecystectomy
Authors: Lucocq James , Hamilton David , Bakhiet Abdelwakeel , Tasnim Fabiha , Rahman Jubayer , Scollay John , Patil Pradeep 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Rates of subtotal cholecystectomy (STC) are increasing in response to challenging cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to avoid bile duct injury, yet are associated with significant morbidity. The present study identifies risk factors for STC and both derives and validates a risk model for STC.

Methods
LC performed for all biliary pathology across three general surgical units were included (2015–2020). Clinicopathological, intraoperative and post-operative details were reported. Backward stepwise multivariable regression was performed to derive the most parsimonious predictive model for STC. Bootstrapping was performed for internal validation and patients were categorised into risk groups.

Results
Overall, 2768 patients underwent LC (median age, 53 years; median ASA, 2; median BMI, 29.7 kg/m2), including 99 cases (3.6%) of STC. Post-operatively following STC, there were bile leaks in 29.3%, collections in 19.2% and retained stones in 10.1% of patients. Post-operative intervention was performed in 29.3%, including ERCP (22.2%), laparoscopy (5.0%) and laparotomy (3.0%). The following variables were positive predictors of STC and were included in the final model: age >  60 years, male sex, diabetes mellitus, acute cholecystitis (AC), increased severity of AC (CRP > 90 mg/L), ≥ 3 biliary admissions, pre-operative ERCP with/without stent, pre-operative cholecystostomy and emergency LC (AUC = 0.84). Low, medium and high-risk groups had a STC rate of 0.8%, 3.9% and 24.5%, respectively.

Discussion
The present study determines the morbidity of STC and identifies high-risk features associated with STC. A risk model for STC is derived and internally validated to help surgeons identify high-risk patients and both improve pre-operative decision-making and patient counselling.
Incidence, risk factors, management strategies, and outcomes of antibody-mediated rejection in pediatric kidney transplant recipients—a multicenter analysis of the Cooperative European Paediatric Renal Transplant Initiative (CERTAIN)
Authors: Fichtner Alexander , Gauché Laura , Süsal Caner , Tran Thuong Hien , Waldherr Rüdiger , Krupka Kai , Guzzo Isabella , Carraro Andrea , Oh Jun , Zirngibl Matthias , Weitz Marcus , König Jens , Büscher Anja , Berta Laszlo , Simon Thomas , Awan Atif , Rusai Krisztina , Topaloglu Rezan , Peruzzi Licia , Printza Nikoleta , Kim Jon Jin , Weber Lutz T. , Melk Anette , Pape Lars , Rieger Susanne , Patry Christian , Höcker Britta , Tönshoff Burkhard ,   for the CERTAIN study group
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
This study by the Cooperative European Paediatric Renal Transplant Initiative (CERTAIN) was designed to determine the incidence, risk factors, current management strategies, and outcomes of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) in pediatric kidney transplant recipients (pKTR).

Methods
We performed an international, multicenter, longitudinal cohort study of data reported to the Cooperative European Paediatric Renal Transplant Initiative (CERTAIN) registry. Three hundred thirty-seven pKTR from 21 European centers were analyzed. Clinical outcomes, including kidney dysfunction, rejection, HLA donor-specific antibodies, BK polyomavirus-associated (BKPyV) nephropathy, and allograft loss, were assessed through 5 years post-transplant.

Results
The cumulative incidence of de novo donor-specific class I HLA antibodies (HLA-DSA) post-transplant was 4.5% in year 1, 8.3% in year 3, and 13% in year 5; the corresponding data for de novo class II HLA-DSA were 10%, 22.5%, and 30.6%, respectively. For 5 years post-transplant, the cumulative incidence of acute ABMR was 10% and that of chronic active ABMR was 5.9%. HLA-DR mismatch and de novo HLA-DSA, especially double positivity for class I and class II HLA-DSA, were significant risk factors for ABMR, whereas cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG negative recipient and CMV IgG negative donor were associated with a lower risk. BKPyV nephropathy was associated with the highest risk of graft dysfunction, followed by ABMR, T-cell mediated rejection, and older donor age.

Conclusions
This study provides an estimate of the incidence of de novo HLA-DSA and ABMR in pKTR and highlights the importance of BKPyV nephropathy as a strong risk factor for allograft dysfunction.

Graphical abstract
Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in Chinese patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a multicentre phase IV trial
Authors: Li Caifeng , Tang Xuemei , Zhou Zhixuan , Sun Li , Lu Meiping , Zhou Wei , Yang Sirui , Zheng Wenjie , Yu Haiguo , Tan Weiping , Zhang Junmei , Zhang Yu , Kong Yuxiu , Xu Jiahui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Given the limited tocilizumab (TCZ) treatment data for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) in China, we evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of TCZ in Chinese patients with sJIA.

Method
In this multicentre, interventional Phase IV study, patients with sJIA and inadequate clinical response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/corticosteroids received TCZ infusions every 2 weeks based on body weight (< 30 kg, 12 mg/kg; ≥ 30 kg, 8 mg/kg), over a 52-week open-label period and an 8-week safety follow-up period. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a JIA American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 30 response and absence of fever at Week 12.

Results
Sixty-two patients were enrolled and treated (12-mg/kg group, 34; 8-mg/kg group, 28). At Week 12, 87.1% (95% confidence interval 78.8%–95.4%) of patients had JIA ACR 30 response and absence of fever; Week 52 results were similar. The proportion of JIA ACR 30/50/70/90 responders rapidly increased at Week 12, up to Week 52. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels decreased within 4 weeks; 44/58 patients (75.9%) with elevated baseline hsCRP recovered at Week 52. Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire pain scores, disability index scores, and mean corticosteroid dose decreased over time. Height standard deviation score changes at Week 52 indicated catch-up growth. Most adverse events (AEs) were mild (serious AE incidence, 17.7%). No deaths or macrophage activation syndrome occurred.

Conclusion
This is the first multicentre trial to report the efficacy and safety of TCZ in Chinese patients with sJIA at 52 weeks. No new safety concerns were found.

Key points• This is the first multicentre trial providing strong evidence for tocilizumab (TCZ) treatment for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) in China.• The study reported TCZ had good efficacy and favourable safety profiles in Chinese sJIA patients in the long term (52 weeks).• TCZ treatment showed rapid disease control, which was maintained over time, catch-up growth benefits in patients, tapering and discontinuation of corticosteroids, and improved quality of life.
Direct-to-catheter ablation versus second line catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation: Effect on arrhythmia recurrence, AF burden, early left atrium remodeling and quality of life
Authors: Younes Hadi , Ademi Besim , Tsakiris Eli , Feng Han , Pandey Amitabh C. , Mekhael Mario , Noujaim Charbel , Lim Chanho , Dagher Lilas , Hajjar Abdel Hadi El , Bidaoui Ghassan , Bsoul Mayana , Assaf Ala , Rao Swati , Mahnkopf Christian , Shamaileh Ghaith , Kreidieh Omar , Hassan Abboud , Liu Yinshuo , Jia Yishi , Polo Francisco T. , Marrouche Nassir F. , Donnellan Eoin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Catheter ablation has obtained class 1 indication in ablation of young, healthy patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Anti-arrhythmic drugs (AADs) remain first-line therapy before ablating persistent AF (PersAF). We sought to evaluate the efficacy of a direct-to-catheter ablation approach against catheter ablation post AADs in PersAF.

Methods
In this DECAAF II subanalysis, patients were stratified into two subgroups: ‘Direct-to-catheter’ group comprising patients who had not received AADs prior to ablation, and’second-line ablation’ group, comprising patients who had been on any AAD therapy at any time before ablation. Patients were followed over 18 months. The primary outcome was AF recurrence. Secondary outcomes included AF burden, quality of life (QoL) that assessed by the AFSS and SF-36 scores, and changes in the left atrial volume index (LAVI) assessed by LGE-MRI scans.

Results
The analysis included 815 patients, with 279 classified as’direct-to-catheter’ group and 536 classified as’Second-line ablation’ group. The primary outcome was similar between both groups (44.8% vs 44.4%, p > 0.05), as was AF burden (20% vs 16%, p > 0.05). Early remodeling, reflected by LAVI reduction, was similar between the groups (9.1 [1.6—18.0] in the second-line ablation group and 9.5 [2.5—19.7] in the direct-to-catheter group, p > 0.05). QoL pre/post ablation was also similar (p > 0.05). On multivariate analysis, history of AAD was not predictive of AF recurrence(p > 0.05).

Conclusion
Prior AAD therapy demonstrated minimal impact on atrial remodeling and QoL improvement, in addition to limited benefit on AF recurrence and burden post-ablation in patients with PersAF. Additional studies are warranted to explore the efficacy of catheter ablation as a first-line therapy in PersAF.

Graphical Abstract
Influence of anionic silica forms in clear sodium silicate precursors on metakaolin geopolymerisation via 29Si and 27Al MAS-NMR and microstructural studies
Authors: Poggetto Giovanni Dal , Leonelli Cristina , Spinella Alberto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA number of synthesis parameters directly influence the degree of reticulation/geopolymerisation of metakaolin exposed to alkaline solutions of sodium hydroxide and/or sodium silicate. In the latter case, a sodium silicate solution can be depolymerised by the introduction of an appropriate amount of NaOH. The effects of the ageing of the activator solution on the reticulation of metakaolin-based geopolymers are quantified for the first time in this work. We studied the anionic species of the sodium silicate solution with the addition of NaOH made just before the preparation of the paste, 24 h or 7 days before. These three ageing periods cause a significant difference in the Si-bearing species in solution, as demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance on 29Si. The effect of these anionic species on the reticulation/polymerisation of metakaolin at room temperature was demonstrated by solid-state 27Al and 29Si MAS-NMR, the chemical stability in various solutions (deionised water, HCl, HNO3, H2SO4), and X-ray diffraction on geopolymer powders before and after immersion in acids. Compressive strength before and after the immersion in acidic media was an additional measurement to assess the overall structural stability of the 3D polymerised network of the final dense ceramic-like product. Ageing of the activator solution affected the chemical stability of the hardened geopolymers accompanied by a slight to severe reduction in strength after leaching in HNO3 or HCl and in H2SO4, respectively. The quantitative MAS-NMR description of the Si and Al coordination in the geopolymers was correlated with the chemical stability where the formulations with the higher number of Q4(0Al) and Q4(1Al) for the silicon species were more resistant (lower number of Na+ compensating for Al+3 to be exchanged with H+). The formulations with higher Al content in the structure, i.e. higher number of Q4(3Al) silicon species showed higher mechanical stability. These results show that the timing of the preparation of the alkaline activator is essential for a correct mix design.