bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Development Awareness and Integration in Higher Education: A Comparative Analysis of Universities in Central Asia, South Caucasus and the EU
Authors: Bespalyy Sergey , Alnazarova Gulmira , Scalcione Vincenzo Nunzio , Vitliemov Pavel , Sichinava Aleksandr , Petrenko Alexandr , Kaptsov Andrey 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Education for sustainable development in universities is shaping the agenda in this area, demanding continuous improvement in quality. There is a trend towards integrating sustainability issues and the implementation of sustainable development goals into higher education. Universities responsible for educating SD professionals must teach knowledge and develop skills in line with the SDGs. However, there is insufficient attention to this in educational programs; more often it is implemented through disparate initiatives. The article presents research conducted in universities in the countries of Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan), South Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia) and the European Union (Italy, Bulgaria, Poland). The awareness of students and teachers about the SDGs, the problems of implementing SD were assessed, and ways to solve these problems were analyzed. Countries were divided into clusters for comparative analysis. The results show that students generally have limited knowledge about the global sustainable development goals, while teachers have a higher level of awareness. The article examines the contribution of education to raising students' awareness in the countries studied and their attitudes towards integrating sustainability into the curriculum. The questionnaire showed that the educational intervention significantly influences students' intention to engage in sustainability. Overall, students demonstrate positive attitudes towards incorporating sustainability issues into their education. The results of a study conducted in higher education institutions in Central Asia, South Caucasus and the European Union showed that students are generally unaware of the sustainable development goals, their information received through the Internet, media and university studies is insignificant, while teachers are better informed. Students and teachers expressed the greatest concern about environmental, social and economic problems. At the same time, students of engineering, technical and medical fields are more informed about the SDGs compared to pedagogical and socio-humanitarian fields. To increase awareness, universities are encouraged to integrate sustainability education into various disciplines, conduct seminars, round tables, promote student participation in projects and research, and promote international cooperation and knowledge sharing.
Association between maternal religious service attendance and pregnancy loss in the United States: a secondary analysis of the Future Families &amp; Child Wellbeing Study
Authors: Shropshire Stacie , Williams Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background. Accumulating evidence suggests that spirituality and religiosity may be associated with improved health outcomes. However, few studies have examined maternal religiosity as a protective factor for perinatal outcomes. We explored the association between maternal religious attendance and pregnancy loss.
Methods. Data were drawn from the Future Families & Child Wellbeing Study’s first and second waves and medical records (n=1874). Religious attendance was a self-reported response to the question “About how often do you attend religious services?” Pregnancy loss was measured from responses to the second wave survey question, “Since focal child’s birth, have you had any miscarriages/abortions/stillbirths?” Logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between maternal religious attendance frequency and pregnancy loss, overall and by race. Models were adjusted for sampling weights, religious preference, socioeconomic and behavioral factors.
Results. 8% (n=164) of mothers reported having a pregnancy loss. Of those with a pregnancy loss, 28% (n=46) attended services hardly ever and 20% (n=20) attended services once a week or more. Women who attended services more frequently had 58% increased odds of not experiencing a pregnancy loss (OR:1.58;95%CI:1.01,2.48) after adjusting for potential confounding. A post hoc analysis found no difference in pregnancy loss type or subsequent reproductive history based on attendance level.
Conclusions. Results suggest that higher maternal religious attendance frequency may be a protective factor for pregnancy loss. Further research is needed to understand the association between maternal religious attendance and mechanisms for pregnancy loss.
Molecular Dynamics Study on the Nano-Friction and Wear Mechanism of Transverse Grain Boundaries in Nickel-Based Alloys
Authors: Chen Weihua , zhang shengbin , Bian Zhiao , Zheng Min , Chen Jiao , Zhu Zongxiao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study employs molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the nanoscale tribological behavior of a single transverse grain boundary in a nickel-based polycrystalline alloy. A series of simulations were conducted using a repetitive rotational friction method to explore the mechanisms by which different grain boundary positions influence variations in wear depth, friction force, friction coefficient, dislocation, stress, and internal damage during repeated friction processes. The results reveal that the grain boundary structure enhances the strength of the nanoscale nickel-based polycrystalline alloy. When the friction surface is far from the transverse grain boundary, the grain boundary's obstructive effect is weaker, leading to larger ranges of atomic displacement and migration of internal defects. This results in smaller fluctuations in friction force and coefficient, along with the formation of numerous densely packed downward defect bundles. At the grain boundary, two grains undergo relative slip along the grain boundary interface, while atoms below the grain boundary remain largely unaffected. When the grain boundary is closer to the friction surface, more wear debris atoms accumulate in front of and on the sides of the friction grinding ball, increasing the friction force during the process. If the friction grinding ball breaches the grain boundary layer, its supporting and strengthening effects are diminished, leading to a significantly greater wear depth compared to when the grain boundary remains intact.
Analysis of Heterogeneous Wireless Networks with Time Splitting Wireless Energy Harvesting
Authors: Kaur Gurmeet , Singh Supreet 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

With growing demand to use wireless networks and diverse data intensive applications, Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) are becoming key enablers for higher data throughput. HetNets often comprise of Macrocell Base Station (MBS) with multiple Macrocell Users (MUs) and an extensive array of Femtocell Base Stations (FBSs) with many femtocell users (FUs). The femtocells play a vital role in facilitating the transmission of uplink or downlink traffic between the MUs and MBS. With ultra-dense deployment of small femtocells, the energy requirements of the electronic equipment have also increased. This paper investigates the performance of Wireless Energy Harvesting (EH) for two tier heterogeneous network using time splitting EH technique. In particular, MUs and femtocells of HetNets are designed to harvest wireless energy from the RF signal transmitted by the MBS. With this harvested energy, femtocells seize the transmission opportunity to transmit the data of their connected users. We derive the mathematical expressions for the outage probability and throughput of the femtocell user. We use the time switching protocol for EH. The simulation results are presented by varying the EH duration and base station power. Our simulation results show that there is an optimal value of EH duration for which the outage is minimal and throughput maximizes.
Identification and Characterization of Bovine (Bos taurus) Pancreatic Bile Salt Activated Lipase for Potential Halal Alternative.
Authors: Reshidan Nur Hidayah , Affendy Norliza Bahtiar , Jonet Mohd Anuar , Lamasudin Dhilia Uddie , Ariffin Zaidah Zainal , Hamid Umi Marshida Abd 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Bile salt-activated lipase (BSAL) is one of the pancreatic lipases that plays a critical role in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats.
Objective: This study aimed to purify bile salt-activated lipase (BSAL) from bovine (Bos taurus) pancreatic tissue.
Methods: Bovine pancreas was freshly collected from Abattoir Complex, Department of Veterinary Services, Shah Alam, Malaysia. The fats were removed by trimming grossly visible fat, and extraction was performed using organic solvents. The BSAL was further purified by anion exchange chromatography and sent for protein identification by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Results: Successful purification of bovine BSAL was visualized as a single protein band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide (SDS) gel, which LC-MS/MS confirmed as a bovine BSAL (Accession number – P30122) with a molecular mass of 65.12 kDa and calc pI of 5.57. Peptide identification based on the MS spectrum found 200 predictive peptides, of which ten sequences with bovine BSAL peptide characteristics. The selected predictive peptide sequences have a molecular mass of 1104.60 - 3378.94 Da with Qvality q-value greater than 0.01 and XCorr Sequest HT value ranging from 2.6 to 6.8. The specific lipolytic enzyme activity of bovine BSAL was comparable with the positive control, as measured using lipase assay.
Conclusion and Recommendations: In conclusion, the results of this study indicate the effectiveness of bovine BSAL purification by anion exchange chromatography from fresh pancreatic tissue and have the potential for further Halal pharmaceuticals and medical applications.
On-ground validation of manipulator adaptive variable admittance control method for detumbling a space non-cooperative satellite
Authors: Bai Xinlin , Li Xiwen , Zhao Zhen , Xu Zhigang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

To achieve rapid and stable detumbling of a space non-cooperative satellite, an adaptive variable admittance control method for the manipulator is proposed and verified through the on-ground experiment. The composition of the designed on-ground hardware-in-the-loop verification platform are first demonstrated, and on this basis, verification principle is elaborated. Subsequently, the control block diagram of the proposed method is presented, and the adaptive variable admittance compliant detumbling control model and the kinematic model of the manipulator are established. The proposed controller includes the fixed admittance controller in manipulator task space, the adaptive pose compensator for the grasping point on docking ring, and the damping adaptive regulator based on manipulator joint angular velocity, and the stability constraints of which are derived through the Routh criterion. Finally, the on-ground experiment process for detumbling a space non-cooperative spinning satellite is formulated, and the time sequence for its five phases is planned. The experimental results show that during the relative detumbling process, the spin angular velocity of the simulated space non-cooperative satellite gradually decreases to the desired value of − 0.089 °/s, and the oscillation amplitude of angular velocity also continuously diminishes. At the end of this phase, absolute value of the angular velocity component deviation is only 0.019 °/s. On-ground test verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method and provides vital basis for its further application.
Extended sequential intravenous and oral antimicrobial therapy improves cure rate in postoperative intracranial neurosurgical infections. A Spanish multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Asensi Víctor , Vázquez C. , Suárez-Díaz S. , Asensi-Díaz E. , Carrasco-Antón N. , García-Reyne A. , Panero Irene , Muñoz María Victoria , Guerra José Manuel , Arístegui Javier , Sepúlveda María Antonia , García-Calvo Xavier , Dueñas Carlos , Biosca Mercé , Chiminazzo Valentina , Collazos Julio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Postoperative intracranial neurosurgical infections (PINI) complicate < 5% neurosurgeries. Scarce attention was dedicated to the extension and characteristics of its antimicrobial management considering their high morbidity, not negligible mortality, delayed hospital stay and increased healthcare costs.
Methods
We analyzed retrospectively (2014–2023) 162 PINI from eight Spanish third-level academic hospitals.
Results
Elective clean craniotomies after tumor or vascular causes were the leading procedures. Epidural abscess (24.7%), scalp infections (19.8%), postsurgical meningitis (16.7%) and cranioplasty infections (16.7%) were the most frequent PINI. Staphylococcus spp (43.9%) and Gram negative bacteria (38.6%) were the predominant isolates. Overall 85.2% patients underwent pus drainage, mostly by craniotomy (40.3%). Interestingly 34% were already receiving antibiotics for extracranial infections before developing PINI while 16.8% did not receive pre-operative antibiotic prophylaxis. In total 77.2% patients started a combined intravenous (IV) antimicrobial therapy, of which 85.2% switched after 5 days to a second-line IV antibiotic regimen, in 41.3% cases combined, after pus culture results, for a median of 21 days. Overall 61.1% patients continued on oral antimicrobials after hospital discharge, 30.3% as a combined regimen, for a median of 42 days. Complete cure was obtained in 81.5% cases, while 11.1% relapsed, 7.4% failed to cure and 6.8% died after PINI complications. In the multivariate analysis oral antimicrobial therapy after hospital discharge (p = 0.001) was significantly associated with PINI cure with a marginal positive effect on survival (p = 0.066) .
Conclusions
We conclude that an extended 6 weeks sequential IV and oral antimicrobial therapy in addition to neurosurgical correction increases PINI cure rate and might improve survival
Clinical Trial Number: not applicable
Population-based cross-sectional analysis of cannabis use among Kentucky adults, 2020-21
Authors: Shafer Sydney , Kennedy Gunnar , Christian W. Jay 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We conducted this study to assess cannabis use rates in the state of Kentucky relative to socioeconomic, demographic, and geographic factors, as well as reasons for use and modes of use, before the legal medical marijuana market commences in 2025.
Methods
We pooled Kentucky Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data for 2020–2021 and reweighted responses for all analyses. We estimated current cannabis use (at least once in the past 30 days), and heavy use (at least 20 of the past 30 days) prevalence rates for Appalachian, Delta, and Central geographic regions of Kentucky. We tabulated descriptive statistics and used multivariable logistic regression to identify characteristics of individuals who used cannabis.
Results
The prevalence of cannabis use was lower in Kentucky (10%) than nationally (about 18%). Of those who used cannabis, 42% used it daily or near daily. Those who were male, ages 18–34, never married, black, less than HS education, lower household income, and lived in the Central region were more likely to use cannabis. Among those who used cannabis, mode of use varied somewhat among age groups, education levels, income groups, and marital status, but smoking was most common—78% overall. About 33% reported using cannabis for recreation alone, 24% for medical reasons alone, and 43% for both reasons.
Conclusion
Despite the illegal status of cannabis in Kentucky, its use is common across population sub-groups. A large proportion of Kentuckians using cannabis do so daily or near daily, and most for a medical purpose. Smoking, however, remains the most common mode of use.
A Vision-Language Model with Multi-Granular Knowledge Fusion in Medical Imaging
Authors: Chen Kai , Li Yunxin , Zhu Xiwen , Zhang Wentai , Hu Baotian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The rapid expansion of radiological imaging data has placed a significant burden on radiologists, increasing the risk of diagnostic errors. Vision-language models offer a promising solution to alleviate this workload and improve diagnostic accuracy within the medical imaging domain. However, most current models rely solely on training data to activate general-purpose performance, which often results in inadequate understanding and generation of high-quality outputs in complex and specialized medical scenarios due to insufficient domain knowledge. To address this limitation, we propose a Vision-Language Model with Multi-Granular Knowledge Fusion (MGKF) that integrates diverse sources of knowledge to enhance performance across medical imaging tasks. Our model dynamically incorporates multi-granular knowledge, including medical entities, their definitions, and retrieved auxiliary knowledge. We improve the semantic alignment of visual and textual information through fine-tuning, introduce a pre-generation mechanism to incorporate this multi-granular knowledge, and ultimately enhance the model's ability to apply medical knowledge during inference. Experimental results across multiple medical imaging tasks, including Medical Report Generation, Medical Image Captioning, and Medical Visual Question Answering, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MGKF model. This work provides valuable insights into the integration of specialized knowledge in medical imaging and contributes to reducing diagnostic errors.
Light environment model for testing small-sized objects by luminance method Mgr inż. Mateusz Polar
Authors: Tereszkiewicz Krzysztof , Gala-Błądzińska Agnieszka , Wachta Henryk , Kulig Łukasz , Polar Mateusz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This paper addresses issues related to the measurement method and the structure of the design of a universal measurement environment using a luminance meter. The basis for the implementation of the test environment is the analysis of the occurring light parameters and decision-making based on the comparison of actual results and simulations.
Methods
The simulations prepared present different lighting situations allowing to explicitly choose the best lighting parameters achieved on the test plane. The simulation part was tested in the next stage under real lighting conditions and compared with the results obtained in theory.
Results
Work with instructions for preparing a luminance measurement station in any office space and the theory of its use. The developed manual allows the implementation of a measurement station in places where appropriate interior architecture is not required.
Conclusion
Preparing a universal station will allow for the luminance examination of objects from many fields of science, such as food, medicine and engineering.
ALJP: An Arabic Legal Judgment Prediction in Personal Status Cases Using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Abbara Salwa , Hafez Mona , Kazzaz Aya , Alhothali Areej , Alsolami Alhanouf 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) aims to predict judgment outcomes based on case description. Several researchers have developed techniques to assist potential clients by predicting the outcome in the legal profession. However, none of the proposed techniques were implemented in Arabic, and only a few attempts were implemented in English, Chinese, and Hindi. In this paper, we develop a system that utilizes deep learning (DL) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques to predict the judgment outcome from Arabic case scripts, especially in cases of custody and annulment of marriage. This system will assist judges and attorneys in improving their work and time efficiency while reducing sentencing disparity. In addition, it will help litigants, lawyers, and law students analyze the probable outcomes of any given case before trial. We use a different machine and deep learning models such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic regression (LR), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) using representation techniques such as TF-IDF and word2vec on the developed dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with the five baseline methods, the SVM model with word2vec and LR with TF-IDF achieve the highest accuracy of 88% and 78% in predicting the judgment on custody cases and annulment of marriage, respectively. Furthermore, the LR and SVM with word2vec and BiLSTM model with TF-IDF achieved the highest accuracy of 88% and 69% in predicting the probability of outcomes on custody cases and annulment of marriage, respectively.
Novel Synthesis of Iron Oxide @ Mesoporous Silica Core-shell Nanostructures and Evaluation of Their Toxicological Profile in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Festus Chisom P. , Nwokediri David I. , Yaako Yetambo A. , Ezeorah Mathew C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the toxicological concerns of iron oxide mesoporous silica core-shell nanostructures in male wistar albino rats. Twelve (12) male adult Wistar rats weighing 130-200g obtained from the Animal House of the Department of Pharmacology, University of Port Harcourt were used for the study. The animals were randomly divided into three groups of four (4) animals each, represented as H1, H2, and H3. Animals of groups H2-H3 Were each treated with 0.5mg/kg and 1mg/kg doses of iron-oxide at mesoporous silica core-shell nano-structures solution respectively. Synthesized iron oxide mesoporous silica core-shell nanoparticles were characterized by spectrophotometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) Analysis. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta size of the fabricated nano-silica were analyzed to know the average size and stability of the particles using (the DLS-Nano 25 model, UK). The sample was characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and x-ray analysis. Results from the DLS showed that the particle size of the sample ranges from 900-1000nm showing that the particle is discrete and crystalline. The results for dynamic light scattering (DLS) and x-ray analysis were complementary. Hematological indices showed that Platelet (PLT), and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) had a significant increase (P < 0.05) for 0.5% w/v and 1% w/v concentration when compared with the control. The histopathological alteration of the wistar rat kidney revealed that the control group had normal kidney tissue, 0.5% w/v treated rats showed normal kidney tissue while 1% w/v treated rats showed severe inflammation and oedema of the kidney tissue.