bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algerian Moringa oleifera whole seeds and kernels oils: Characterization, oxidative stability, and antioxidant capacity
Authors: Boukandoul Silia , Casal Susana , Cruz Rebeca , Pinho Carina , Zaidi Farid 
Published: June 2017

The rising of global per capita food consumption has driven scientists and manufacturers into a search for new or renewed edible oil sources, while also improving their production towards maximum yield, quality, and economic feasibility. Hence, a new origin (Algerian) of Moringa oleifera seed oil was characterized in the present study in terms of its physical and chemical features on two consecutive crops. Moreover, aiming to ascertain if the industrial solvent extraction could be enhanced, extracted oils from shelled and unshelled seeds were compared. All oils under study presented a low oxidation status and an excellent resistance to oxidation. Additionally to the characteristic high average content of unsaturated fatty acids (71% oleic acid), microcomponent analyses revealed interesting amounts of phytosterols (4–5 g/kg), tocopherols (287–327 mg/kg), carotenoids (4–8 mg/kg), and phenolic compounds (11–17 mg/kg). These outcomes were within or better (stability and oxidative status) than reported data for M. oleifera seed oil from other origins, and without significant differences between crops. Apart from a slight color change and increased sterol and wax contents when extracted with shells, no other significant compositional changes were observed, including oil extraction yield, both equivalent to 37% on a kernel basis. This work sustains the high quality of Algerian M. oleifera seed oil, a still underutilized crop in this country. Also, it provides an insight on the potential use of grinded whole seeds directly for solvent extraction, reducing labor demand and cost for the industries, without significant variation on compositional and stability parameters.Practical applications: Regarding the growing demand on edible oils, and considering Algeria as a country with a large range of climatic conditions, M. oleifera cultivation for edible oil extraction could be of economic interests to the region. Based on the findings of this work, the oil extracted from M. oleifera grown in Algeria presents significantly high quality, stability, and consistency between crops. From a technological point of view, we also propose that solvent extraction can be performed directly on the powder of whole M. oleifera seeds, avoiding the shelling step, with proportional oil yield and equivalents quality, of major importance for the industry.Algerian Moringa oil presents high quality, stability, and consistency between crops. The presence of shells does not effect oil quality and yield, of major importance for the industry.
A novel EWS‐CREB3L3 gene fusion in a mesenteric sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma
Authors: Dewaele Barbara , Libbrecht Louis , Levy Gabriel , Brichard Benedicte , Vanspauwen Vanessa , Sciot Raf , Debiec‐Rychter Maria 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is a rare, malignant fibroblastic neoplasm, morphologically composed of cords, nests or sheets of monotonous epithelioid cells within a collagenous matrix. It has been recently characterized by recurrent pathogenic EWS‐CREB3L1/2 or FUS‐CREB3L2 fusions and common MUC4 protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Typically SEF occur in middle‐aged adults and rarely have been reported within the abdominal cavity. Here we report an 18‐year‐old man with intraabdominal tumor and multiple disseminated liver metastases, presenting pure SEF histologic and immunophenotypic features. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed unbalanced rearrangement of Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (EWSR1) gene. Genomic profiling by array CGH, followed by RT‐PCR and sequencing analysis, revealed a previously not reported EWSR1 translocation partner, cAMP‐responsive element‐binding protein 3‐like 3 (CREB3L3). The novel EWSR1‐CREB3L3 fusion further extends the range of fusion types involving EWSR1 that are characteristic for SEF.
Interventions for treatment and/or prevention of alcohol hangover: Systematic review
Authors: Jayawardena Ranil , Thejani Thulasika , Ranasinghe Priyanga , Fernando Dinithi , Verster Joris C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate new research conducted over the past few years (2009–2016) assessing the effectiveness of potentially curative and/or preventive methods of alcohol hangover.MethodsData were retrieved by a 4‐stage systematic search process. A search of the online Pubmed and Scopus databases were performed, using a combination of keywords: “Alcohol,” “Ethanol,” and “C2H5OH,” in combination with the terms “Hangover,” “Treatment,” and “Prevention.” The search comprised studies listed between January 1, 2009 and June 30, 2016. Findings were synthesized using a systematic approach. Quantitative analysis was not done because of the heterogeneity of the included studies.ResultsSix controlled human studies were identified (placebo controlled—3, controlled studies with a comparator intervention—3). Of the interventions, the use of polysaccharide rich extract of Acanthopanax senticosus, red ginseng antihangover drink, Korean pear juice, KSS formula, and the After‐Effect© were associated with a significant improvement of hangover symptoms (p < .05). The highest improvement was observed for the following symptoms: tiredness, nausea/vomiting, and stomachache. None of the methods were effective for all the symptoms.ConclusionThe available evidence suggests that several products are capable of significantly improving some, but not all, of the symptoms related to alcohol hangover. Therefore, further research is necessary to develop clinically effective hangover treatments.
Young runoff fractions control streamwater age and solute concentration dynamics
Authors: Benettin Paolo , Bailey Scott W. , Rinaldo Andrea , Likens Gene E. , McGuire Kevin J. , Botter Gianluca 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe introduce a new representation of coupled solute and water age dynamics at the catchment scale, which shows how the contributions of young runoff waters can be directly referenced to observed water quality patterns. The methodology stems from recent trends in hydrologic transport that acknowledge the dynamic nature of streamflow age and explores the use of water age fractions as an alternative to the mean age. The approach uses a travel time‐based transport model to compute the fractions of streamflow that are younger than some thresholds (e.g., younger than a few weeks) and compares them to observed solute concentration patterns. The method is here validated with data from the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest during spring 2008, where we show that the presence of water younger than roughly 2 weeks, tracked using a hydrologic transport model and deuterium measurements, mimics the variation in dissolved silicon concentrations. Our approach suggests that an age–discharge relationship can be coupled to classic concentration–discharge relationship, to identify the links between transport timescales and solute concentration. Our results highlight that the younger streamflow components can be crucial for determining water quality variations and for characterizing the dominant hydrologic transport dynamics.
Quantitative MRI and spectroscopy of bone marrow
Authors: Karampinos Dimitrios C. , Ruschke Stefan , Dieckmeyer Michael , Diefenbach Maximilian , Franz Daniela , Gersing Alexandra S. , Krug Roland , Baum Thomas 
Published: June 2017

Bone marrow is one of the largest organs in the human body, enclosing adipocytes, hematopoietic stem cells, which are responsible for blood cell production, and mesenchymal stem cells, which are responsible for the production of adipocytes and bone cells. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the ideal imaging modality to monitor bone marrow changes in healthy and pathological states, thanks to its inherent rich soft‐tissue contrast. Quantitative bone marrow MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) techniques have been also developed in order to quantify changes in bone marrow water–fat composition, cellularity and perfusion in different pathologies, and to assist in understanding the role of bone marrow in the pathophysiology of systemic diseases (e.g. osteoporosis). The present review summarizes a large selection of studies published until March 2017 in proton‐based quantitative MRI and MRS of bone marrow. Some basic knowledge about bone marrow anatomy and physiology is first reviewed. The most important technical aspects of quantitative MR methods measuring bone marrow water–fat composition, fatty acid composition, perfusion, and diffusion are then described. Finally, previous MR studies are reviewed on the application of quantitative MR techniques in both healthy aging and diseased bone marrow affected by osteoporosis, fractures, metabolic diseases, multiple myeloma, and bone metastases.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:332–353.
Free‐breathing pediatric chest MRI: Performance of self‐navigated golden‐angle ordered conical ultrashort echo time acquisition
Authors: Zucker Evan J. , Cheng Joseph Y. , Haldipur Anshul , Carl Michael , Vasanawala Shreyas S. 
Published: June 2017

PurposeTo assess the feasibility and performance of conical k‐space trajectory free‐breathing ultrashort echo time (UTE) chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) versus four‐dimensional (4D) flow and effects of 50% data subsampling and soft‐gated motion correction.Materials and MethodsThirty‐two consecutive children who underwent both 4D flow and UTE ferumoxytol‐enhanced chest MR (mean age: 5.4 years, range: 6 days to 15.7 years) in one 3T exam were recruited. From UTE k‐space data, three image sets were reconstructed: 1) one with all data, 2) one using the first 50% of data, and 3) a final set with soft‐gating motion correction, leveraging the signal magnitude immediately after each excitation. Two radiologists in blinded fashion independently scored image quality of anatomical landmarks on a 5‐point scale. Ratings were compared using Wilcoxon rank‐sum, Wilcoxon signed‐ranks, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Interobserver agreement was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsFor fully sampled UTE, mean scores for all structures were ≥4 (good‐excellent). Full UTE surpassed 4D flow for lungs and airways (P < 0.001), with similar pulmonary artery (PA) quality (P = 0.62). 50% subsampling only slightly degraded all landmarks (P < 0.001), as did motion correction. Subsegmental PA visualization was possible in >93% scans for all techniques (P = 0.27). Interobserver agreement was excellent for combined scores (ICC = 0.83).ConclusionHigh‐quality free‐breathing conical UTE chest MR is feasible, surpassing 4D flow for lungs and airways, with equivalent PA visualization. Data subsampling only mildly degraded images, favoring lesser scan times. Soft‐gating motion correction overall did not improve image quality.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:200–209.
Reconstruction of spring phenology and temperature in Beijing, China, from A.D. 1741 to 1832
Authors: Liu Yang , Fang Xiuqi 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, 89 records of spring phenophases of plants and lake melting dates in Beijing from A.D. 1741 to 1832 were extracted from the poems written by the Qianlong, Jiaqing, and Daoguang emperors during the Qing Dynasty. Based on a phenology transformation model, all of these spring phenological records were converted into the first blooming date of Amygdalus davidiana for A.D. 1741–1832. Then, a springtime temperature anomaly series for A.D. 1741–1832 was reconstructed based on modern (1951–1980) correlation between the first blooming date of A. davidiana and the mean springtime (March–May) temperature. The main results are as follows. (1) The spring phenological and temperature series for Beijing were successfully dated back to A.D. 1741. (2) A.D. 1790 was the turning point of the spring phenology change between 1741 and 1832; specifically, the average first blooming date of A. davidiana had advanced by 4.84 days compared to the present (A.D. 1951–1980), during 1741 to 1789, and was delayed by 0.14 days during 1790 to 1832. (3) The mean springtime temperature in A.D. 1741–1789 was about 0.48 °C warmer than the present (A.D. 1951–1980) in Beijing. (4) The annual‐scale variation of the phenological series during A.D. 1790–1832 was greater than that in A.D. 1741–1789.
Variation in use of postoperative chemoradiation following surgery for T1 and T2 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; National Cancer Database
Authors: Roman Benjamin R. , Baxi Shrujal S. , Cracchiolo Jennifer R. , Blackwell Timothy J. , Pfister David G. , McBride Sean , Ganly Ian , Shah Jatin P. , Patel Snehal G. , Morris Luc G. , Cohen Marc A. 
Published: June 2017

Background and ObjectivesPrimary surgical treatment of patients with early T‐classification (T1‐T2) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has increased. We sought to determine how often these patients receive postoperative chemoradiation (CRT).MethodsPatients with T1‐T2 OPSCC in the National Cancer Database who underwent primary surgery were evaluated for receipt of postoperative CRT. Postoperative CRT use was examined among patients with high risk factors (positive margins and/or extracapsular spread [ECS]), intermediate risk factors (negative margins, no ECS, and either pT3‐4 and/or N2‐N3), and no apparent risk factors.ResultsOf 4833 patients with T1‐T2 OPSCC who underwent primary surgery, 43% had high risk pathologic factors, of whom only 63% received postoperative CRT. Another 31% had no apparent risk factors, of whom 16% nonetheless received postoperative CRT. On multivariable analysis, in addition to tumor and demographic factors, patients treated at community hospitals were more likely to receive postoperative CRT (O.R. 1.41 C.I. 1.18‐1.87, P = 0.001).ConclusionsVariation in postoperative CRT use indicates a lack of consensus and/or knowledge about its benefits and indications. Usage of postoperative CRT regardless of pathologic risk factors suggests an area where future efforts at implementation of best practices may be targeted.
Personal and hospital factors associated with limited surgical resection for lung cancer, in‐hospital mortality and complications in New York State
Authors: Taioli Emanuela , Liu Bian , Nicastri Daniel G. , Lieberman‐Cribbin Wil , Leoncini Emanuele , Flores Raja M. 
Published: June 2017

Background and ObjectivesEarly stage lung cancer is generally treated with surgical resection. The objective of the study was to identify patient and hospital characteristics associated with the type of lung cancer surgical approach utilized in New York State (NYS), and to assess in‐hospital adverse events.MethodsA total of 33 960 lung cancer patients who underwent limited resection (LR) or lobectomy (L) were selected from the NYS Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database (1995‐2012).ResultsLR patients were more likely to be older (adjusted odds ratio ORadj and [95% confidence interval]: 1.01 [1.01‐1.02]), female (ORadj: 1.11 [1.06‐1.16]), Black (ORadj: 1.17 [1.08‐1.27]), with comorbidities (ORadj: 1.08 [1.03‐1.14]), and treated in more recent years than L patients. Length of stay and complications were significantly less after LR than L (ORadj: 0.56 [0.53‐0.58] and 0.65 [0.62‐0.69]); in‐hospital mortality was similar (ORadj: 0.93 [0.81‐1.07]), and was positively associated with age and urgent/emergency admission, but inversely associated with female gender, private insurance, recent admission year, and surgery volume.ConclusionsThere was a growing trend toward LR, which was more likely to be performed in older patients with comorbidities. In‐hospital outcomes were better after LR than L, and were affected by patient and hospital characteristics.
Development and validation of a nomogram to estimate the pretest probability of cancer in Chinese patients with solid solitary pulmonary nodules: A multi‐institutional study
Authors: She Yunlang , Zhao Lilan , Dai Chenyang , Ren Yijiu , Jiang Gening , Xie Huikang , Zhu Huiyuan , Sun Xiwen , Yang Ping , Chen Yongbing , Shi Shunbin , Shi Weirong , Yu Bing , Xie Dong , Chen Chang 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a nomogram to estimate the pretest probability of malignancy in Chinese patients with solid solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN).Materials and MethodsA primary cohort of 1798 patients with pathologically confirmed solid SPNs after surgery was retrospectively studied at five institutions from January 2014 to December 2015. A nomogram based on independent prediction factors of malignant solid SPN was developed. Predictive performance also was evaluated using the calibration curve and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe mean age of the cohort was 58.9 ± 10.7 years. In univariate and multivariate analysis, age; history of cancer; the log base 10 transformations of serum carcinoembryonic antigen value; nodule diameter; the presence of spiculation, pleural indentation, and calcification remained the predictive factors of malignancy. A nomogram was developed, and the AUC value (0.85; 95%CI, 0.83‐0.88) was significantly higher than other three models. The calibration cure showed optimal agreement between the malignant probability as predicted by nomogram and the actual probability.ConclusionsWe developed and validated a nomogram that can estimate the pretest probability of malignant solid SPNs, which can assist clinical physicians to select and interpret the results of subsequent diagnostic tests.
Targeting breast cancer outcomes‐what about the primary relatives?
Authors: Johnston Alison , Sugrue Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundUp to 65% of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients had not been screened correctly before diagnosis resulting in increased stage of cancer at presentation. This study assessed whether their primary relatives are, in turn, assessed appropriately.MethodsAn ethically approved prospective study involving 274 primary relatives of women diagnosed with breast cancer, between 2009–2012, at a symptomatic breast unit in Ireland. Telephone interview established: demographics, menstrual history, family history verification, breast screening history. Personal risk level was calculated and whether current screening met screening guidelines. Participants were enrolled into appropriate screening programs if currently not in one and results analyzed.ResultsTwo hundred and fifteen of the 280 (76.8%) newly diagnosed patients responded giving details of their 274 primary relatives; this made up the study cohort. Mean age 50 ± 10 (35–75). Thirty two percent were low risk, 64% moderate and 4% high. 190/274 (69%) were being screened appropriately. Seventy five relatives were then assessed with: mammography in 55, Mg and US in 16. Four underwent a biopsy and to date none had cancer. Surveillance was: annual screening in 48%; national screening program and General Practitioner (GP) in 33%; GP only in over 65s in 13%; 6% await further assessment at specialist genetics clinics where their surveillance will be decided.ConclusionsThis study has identified an opportunity to improve the delivery of appropriate screening to higher risk primary relatives of patients with breast cancer. This necessitates an integrated national approach involving providers of primary care, patients and screening breast programs.
Inverse optimal controller based on extended Kalman filter for discrete‐time nonlinear systems
Authors: Almobaied Moayed , Eksin Ibrahim , Guzelkaya Mujde 
Published: June 2017

SummaryIn this study, we present an inverse optimal control approach based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm to solve the optimal control problem of discrete‐time affine nonlinear systems. The main aim of inverse optimal control is to circumvent the tedious task of solving the Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman equation that results from the classical solution of a nonlinear optimal control problem. Here, the inverse optimal controller is based on defining an appropriate quadratic control Lyapunov function (CLF) where the parameters of this candidate CLF were estimated by adopting the EKF equations. The root mean square error of the system states is used as the observed error in the case of classical EKF algorithm application, whereas, here, the EKF tries to eliminate the same root mean square error defined over the parameters by generating a CLF matrix with appropriate elements. The performance and the applicability of the proposed scheme is illustrated through both simulations performed on a nonlinear system model and a real‐time laboratory experiment. Simulation study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with 2 other inverse control approaches. Finally, the proposed controller is implemented on a professional control board to stabilize a DC‐DC boost converter and minimize a meaningful cost function. The experimental results show the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed EKF‐based inverse optimal control even in real‐time control systems with a very short time constant.
The biomechanical effect of tunnel placement on ACL graft forces in double‐bundle ACL reconstruction – A 3D computational simulation
Authors: Varady Nathan H. , Kernkamp Willem A. , Li Jingsheng , Wang Lianxin , Koga Hiroshi , Asnis Peter , Li Guoan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe posterolateral (PL) graft experiences a high failure rate in anterior cruciate ligament double‐bundle (DB) reconstruction. It is hypothesized that tunnel positions could dramatically affect the graft forces.MethodsA validated computational model was used to simulate DB reconstruction with various femoral PL tunnel locations (8–11 mm center–center tunnel spacing). Graft fixation was simulated at both 0° and 30°. Knee biomechanics were examined with the knee under a 134 N anterior load and 400 N quadriceps load at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of flexion. Graft forces, tibial translation, and tibial rotation were calculated.ResultsPL graft forces at full extension increased with increasing tunnel spacing under both fixation settings, but the knee kinematics was not dramatically affected.ConclusionSmall changes in the femoral PL tunnel position could result in large changes in graft forces, implying that precise PL tunnel position is an important factor in a successful DB reconstruction.
A Liquid Derivative of Phosphotungstic Acid as Catalyst for Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation in Water: Facile Separation and Stability of Benzaldehyde at Room Temperature†
Authors: Bhattacharjee Rama R. , S Thangamani , Mal Sib S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPolyetheramines belong to a class of green di‐block copolymer with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide moieties along with terminal amine functionality. The polymers are biocompatible and show temperature dependant phase separation properties. Herein, we report the effect of a polyetheramine (Jeffamine®) on the catalytic properties of a well studied polyoxometalate catalysts, phosphotungstic acid (PTA). The catalytic reaction chosen for the test is the hydrogen peroxide‐mediated oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BzOH). Modification of PTA with Jeffamine® (PTA‐Jeffamine®) resulted in a solvent‐less liquid‐like material accessible to a wide range of solvents. The PTA‐Jeffamine® catalyst was observed to enhance the conversion of BzOH compared to that of pristine PTA and facilitated easy separation of benzaldehyde (BzH) and catalyst from reaction mixture. Stability of synthesized BzH was studied with gas chromatography attached with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Synthesis of the catalyst is cost‐effective and scalable due to easy availability of the individual components and nature of the synthetic protocol. UV‐visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) were used to characterize the catalyst. Surface tension experiment, FE‐SEM, ICP‐MS and controlled experiments were performed to understand the effect of Jeffamine® in the catalytic process.