bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Galactogram for Investigation of Pathological Nipple Discharge: A Forgotten Arrow in the Radiologists’ Quiver?
Authors: Chatterjee Argha , Bhagat Swapnil , Saini Monika Lamba , Verma Sanjeev , Saini Kamal S 
Published: January 2018

AbstractConventional X-ray galactogram (CG) is an underutilized procedure in modern breast imaging despite offering the highest spatial resolution among all modalities available for imaging of the breast ducts. The superior diagnostic performance of CG as compared to that of both conventional mammogram and high-resolution ultrasonography makes it a valuable imaging modality for the evaluation of pathological nipple discharge (PND). In addition, CG should always be considered in women with bloody nipple discharge but normal ultrasound and mammogram. CG also has an important role in the preoperative localization of intraductal lesions. CG may be especially useful in resource-restricted settings where breast magnetic resonance imaging is not readily available as it can be easily performed at any mammography facility without the need for additional equipment. In this article, we describe two cases of PND, one of benign and the other of malignant etiology, to demonstrate the value of CG in these cases. We also review the current literature and compare CG with other modalities used for imaging of ductal system of the breast.
Pediatric Nonblastic Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Perspective from India
Authors: Radhakrishnan Venkatraman , Shoufeej P M , Totadri Sidharth , Ganesan Prasanth , Ganesan Trivadi , Sagar Tenali 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Background: There is a paucity of data on pediatric nonblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) from developing countries. We conducted this study to study outcome and identify risk factors that can predict survival in pediatric nonblastic NHL at our center. Methods: Patients <18 years of age who were diagnosed with nonlymphoblastic NHL at our hospital from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2014, were included. Data were collected retrospectively from case records. Results: One hundred and two patients with median age of 12 years (range: 1–18) were included in the study. There were 69/102 (68%) male and 33/102 (32%) female patients. The most common histological diagnosis was Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) in 59/102 (58%) patients followed by anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) in 28/102 (28%) patients and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in 12/102 (12%) patients, T-cell lymphoma in 2/102 patients, and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma in 1/102 patients. The LMB-89 protocol was the most common protocol used for treatment in 74/102 (72%) patients. The 2-year event-free survival (EFS) for patients with BL, ALCL, and DLBCL was 72%, 55.8%, and 27.5%, respectively (P = 0.037). On univariate analysis, factors that significantly predicted poor EFS included non-BL histological subtype, poor performance status, malnutrition, use of less intense chemotherapy, and not achieving complete response on interim radiological assessment. Conclusions: Outcomes in nonblastic NHL from our center are worse compared to data from the west. This is because a large proportion of patients present with advanced stage and in moribund condition. Patients with BL have better outcome compared to other subtypes.
Controversies on Tumor Thickness Versus Nodal Metastasis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Revealed: A Histopathologist’s Perspective
Authors: Reddy Vandana , Wadhwan Vijay , Reddy Munish , Venkatesh Arvind 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Background: Cervical metastasis has a tremendous impact on prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). However, to date management of clinically negative neck in HNSCC is still a controversial subject. Tumor thickness (TT) is a strong predictor for lymph node involvement in oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). However, controversy exists about the optimal TT cutoff point for a clinically relevant risk to the neck. Aim and Objectives: The aim is to evaluate the relationship between TT and the risk of cervical lymph node involvement and to determine optimal TT cutoff point for prompting prophylactic neck management. Materials and Methods: The clinical files and histological sections of 35 SCC (T1/T2) at buccal mucosa site from clinically determined N0 patients were retrospectively analyzed who underwent surgical treatment of their primary lesion with simultaneous neck dissection. An ocular micrometer was used to measure the TT both in exophytic and ulcerated lesions. Chi-square contingency tables were used to correlate TT and other clinicopathological parameters with metastasis in the neck. Results: Clinically, negative necks turned out pathologically positive in 42.8% (n = 15/35). In the group in which tumor depth exceeded 1.5 mm, the metastatic rate was 86.7% (13/15). In contrast, when the depth of invasion was <1.5 mm, the incidence of cervical metastasis was 13.3% (2/15) irrespective of the 2 stages. Conclusion: TT is a highly significant, objectively measurable prognostic factor in early stage oral cancers and elective neck therapy is indicated for tumors exceeding 1.5 mm invasion.
Effects of Lighting on Reading Speed as a Function of Letter Size
Authors: Seiple William , Overbury Olga , Rosenthal Bruce , Arango Tiffany , Odom J. Vernon , Morse Alan R. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We sought to determine under what conditions brighter lighting improves reading performance.
METHOD. Thirteen participants with typical sight and 9 participants with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) read sentences ranging from 0.0 to 1.3 logMAR under luminance levels ranging from 3.5 to 696 cd/m2.
RESULTS. At the dimmest luminance level (3.5 cd/m2), reading speeds were slowest at the smaller letter sizes and reached an asymptote for larger sizes. When luminance was increased to 30 cd/m2, reading speed increased only for the smaller letter sizes. Additional lighting did not increase reading speeds for any letter size. Similar size-related effects of luminance were observed in participants with AMD.
CONCLUSION. In some instances, performance on acuity-limited tasks might be improved by brighter lighting. However, brighter lighting does not always improve reading; the magnitude of the effect depends on the text size and the relative changes in light level.
La reparación por incumplimiento contractual en el common law
Authors: Díaz Julio Alberto 
Published: January 2018

El sistema del common law, para los que no pertenecemos a él, representa sin dudas un mundo desconcertante e intrigante. El presente artículo probablemente sea un fiel reflejo de esa afirmación. La indemnización por incumplimiento contractual, una temática que ab initio pudiera imaginarse desprovista de toda complejidad, muestra en las páginas siguientes la falsedad de esta suposición.
Algunos de esos aspectos, de la manera en que son concebidos en aquel
sistema, son abordados de modo a ilustrar como, bajo el manto de la aparente simplicidad de la materia, innúmeras cuestiones de difícil solución suelen presentarse.
Paternalismo estatal, autonomia individual e o Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência
Authors: Pereira Ana Lucia Pretto , Brazzale Flávia Balduíno 
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo busca oferecer reflexões acerca de inovações legislativas trazidas pelo Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência, precisamente no que diz respeito às alterações promovidas por este Estatuto no regime jurídico das capacidades civis das pessoas com deficiência. O regime jurídico das capacidades civis está diretamente relacionado a uma dinâmica entre as ideias de paternalismo e autonomia. Por essa razão, o texto começa explorando conceitos doutrinários sobre paternalismo em geral e paternalismo estatal.
Em seguida, aponta definições teóricas sobre o conceito de autonomia, relacionando-as com as ideias paternalistas trabalhadas previamente. Finalmente, faz uma leitura das inovações legislativas trazidas pelo Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência sobre o regime jurídico de capacidades à luz dos conceitos de paternalismo estatal e autonomia, trazidos no estudo.
The Small Whiskbroom Imager for atmospheric compositioN monitorinG (SWING) and its operations from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) during the AROMAT campaign
Authors: Merlaud Alexis , Tack Frederik , Constantin Daniel , Georgescu Lucian , Maes Jeroen , Fayt Caroline , Mingireanu Florin , Schuettemeyer Dirk , Meier Andreas Carlos , Schönardt Anja , Ruhtz Thomas , Bellegante Livio , Nicolae Doina , Den Hoed Mirjam , Allaart Marc , Van Roozendael Michel 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The Small Whiskbroom Imager for atmospheric compositioN monitorinG (SWING) is
a compact remote sensing instrument dedicated to mapping trace gases from an
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). SWING is based on a compact visible
spectrometer and a scanning mirror to collect scattered sunlight. Its weight,
size, and power consumption are respectively 920 g,
27 cm × 12 cm × 8 cm, and 6 W. SWING was
developed in parallel with a 2.5 m flying-wing UAV. This unmanned
aircraft is electrically powered, has a typical airspeed of
100 km h−1, and can operate at a maximum altitude of
3 km. We present SWING-UAV experiments performed in Romania on 11 September 2014
during the Airborne ROmanian Measurements of Aerosols and Trace gases
(AROMAT) campaign, which was dedicated to test newly developed instruments in
the context of air quality satellite validation. The UAV was operated up to
700 m above ground, in the vicinity of the large power plant of
Turceni (44.67∘ N, 23.41∘ E; 116 ma.s.l.). These
SWING-UAV flights were coincident with another airborne experiment using the
Airborne imaging differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS)
instrument for Measurements of Atmospheric Pollution (AirMAP), and with
ground-based DOAS, lidar, and balloon-borne in situ observations. The spectra recorded during the SWING-UAV flights are analysed with the DOAS
technique. This analysis reveals NO2 differential slant column
densities (DSCDs) up to 13±0.6×1016 molec cm−2.
These NO2 DSCDs are converted to vertical column densities (VCDs) by
estimating air mass factors. The resulting NO2 VCDs are up to
4.7±0.4×1016 molec cm−2. The water vapour DSCD
measurements, up to 8±0.15×1022 molec cm−2, are used
to estimate a volume mixing ratio of water vapour in the boundary layer of
0.013±0.002 mol mol−1. These geophysical quantities are
validated with the coincident measurements.
Seasonal and interannual dynamics of soil microbial biomass and available nitrogen in an alpine meadow in the eastern part of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China
Authors: Xu Bo , Wang Jinniu , Wu Ning , Wu Yan , Shi Fusun 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Soil microbial activity varies seasonally in frozen alpine soils during cold seasons and plays a crucial role in available N pool accumulation in soil. The intra- and interannual patterns of microbial and nutrient dynamics reflect the influences of changing weather factors, and thus provide important insights into the biogeochemical cycles and ecological functions of ecosystems. We documented the seasonal and interannual dynamics of soil microbial and available N in an alpine meadow in the eastern part of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China, between April 2011 and October 2013. Soil was collected in the middle of each month and analyzed for water content, microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN), dissolved organic C and N, and inorganic N. Soil microbial community composition was measured by the dilution-plate method. Fungi and actinomycetes dominated the microbial community during the nongrowing seasons, and the proportion of bacteria increased considerably during the early growing seasons. Trends of consistently increasing MBC and available N pools were observed during the nongrowing seasons. MBC sharply declined during soil thaw and was accompanied by a peak in available N pool. Induced by changes in soil temperatures, significant shifts in the structures and functions of microbial communities were observed during the winter–spring transition and largely contributed to microbial reduction. The divergent seasonal dynamics of different N forms showed a complementary nutrient supply pattern during the growing season. Similarities between the interannual dynamics of microbial biomass and available N pools were observed, and soil temperature and water conditions were the primary environmental factors driving interannual fluctuations. Owing to the changes in climate, seasonal soil microbial activities and nutrient supply patterns are expected to change further, and these changes may have crucial implications for the productivity and biodiversity of alpine ecosystems.
Social participation for the democratization of democracy
Authors: Frateschi Yara 
Published: January 2018

This text aims to analyze the democratic potential of institutionalized social participation. I argue that the expansion of the channels of participation is a tool for deepening democracy to the extent that it favors the empowerment of minorities and of actors systematically alienated from decision-making processes, for it contributes so that they have a chance to interfere in the political agenda and in the formulation of public policies. For this analysis, I will draw on the experience of Brazilian National Conferences and on some aspects of the theory of deliberative democracy developed by Seyla Benhabib regarding the theme of public participation and political judgment.
A estátua, o autômato e o cadáver: a neutralização do corpo no pensamento de Jacques Lacan
Authors: Simanke Richard Theisen 
Published: January 2018

A questão da corporeidade é recorrente no pensamento lacaniano e é também constantemente retomada por sua escola. No entanto, pode-se argumentar que a forma como essa questão é abordada nos diversos momentos do pensamento de Lacan acaba por neutralizar a efetividade da referência ao corpo na sua teoria psicanalítica e, presumivelmente, na clínica que essa teoria fundamenta. Este artigo se propõe a identificar as evidências dessa atitude ao longo da obra de Lacan e discutir suas implicações teóricas. Apesar das várias mudanças conceituais que caracterizam essa obra, essa mesma atitude parece prevalecer ao longo de toda a sua evolução, mesmo que em diferentes contextos e com relação a diferentes dispositivos teóricos.
Impulso sexual: impulso lúdico e impulso estético
Authors: Corrêa Fernanda Silveira 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo analisa o impulso sexual, concebido por Freud, enfatizando sua característica de autoestimulação, mais que de eliminação. Relaciona o impulso sexual com as imagens de movimento, que possibilitaram a Freud, no Projeto de uma Psicologia, pensar o surgimento do pensamento, da linguagem e da ação. Pelo viés de Ferenczi, analisa seu conceito de gestos mágicos (ponto de encontro do impulso sexual e as imagens de movimento) e a ideia de que o impulso sexual é um impulso lúdico. Mostra então a relação do lúdico, da mágica e da arte, em Freud, aproximando-os da concepção estética de Schiller.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Mathematics Research, Vol. 10, No. 1
Authors: Wang Sophia 
Published: January 2018

Journal of Mathematics Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.Many authors, regardless of whether Journal of Mathematics Research publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 1 Alan Jalal Abdulqader, Al-Mustansiriyah University, IraqArman Aghili, University of Guilan, IranGane Sam Lo, Universite Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis, SenegalIvan Drazic, University of Rijeka, CroatiaKong Liang, University of Illinois at Springfield, USAMeltem Erden Ege, Manisa Celal Bayar University, TurkeyMohammad A. AlQudah, German Jordanian University, JordanMohammad Sajid, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaN. V. Ramana Murty, Andhra Loyola College, IndiaOmur Deveci, Kafkas University, TurkeyÖzgür Ege, Celal Bayar University, TurkeyPaul J. Udoh, University of Uyo, NigeriaRami Ahmad El-Nabulsi, Athens Institute for Education and Research, GreeceSanjib Kumar Datta, University of Kalyani, IndiaSergiy Koshkin, University of Houston Downtown, USAVinodh Kumar Chellamuthu, Dixie State University, USAZhongming Wang, Florida International University, USA Sophia WangOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Mathematics ResearchCanadian Center of Science and Education
Impact of Pathologist Involvement in Sarcoma and Rare Tumor Patient Support Groups on Facebook: A Survey of 542 Patients and Family Members
Authors: Haller Jasmine , David Marjorie Parker , Lee Nathan E. , Shalin Sara C. , Gardner Jerad M. 
Published: January 2018

Context.—Patients with rare tumors have difficulty finding reliable information about their disease. Facebook patient support groups allow patients to educate one another.Objective.—To investigate how these patients perceive the value of pathologists, both in Facebook groups and real-world patient care.Design.—Survey links were posted in 12 Facebook patient groups: 6 with an active pathologist member (angiosarcoma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, epithelioid sarcoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans [×2], and desmoid fibromatosis), and 6 without “active” pathologist involvement (aggressive angiomyxoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, and osteosarcoma).Results.—A total of 542 people responded (403 were patients): 264 from groups with a pathologist, and 278 from groups without active pathologist involvement. Of groups with an active pathologist, respondents agreed the pathologist's posts helped them better understand their disease (107 of 119; 90%) and relieved some of their disease-related anxiety (92 of 119; 77%). And for these groups 98% (117 of 119) of respondents agreed that having a pathologist in their group was a good thing; 83% (192 of 232) wanted more pathologists involved. More respondents from groups with an active pathologist (219 of 236; 93%) than without one (215 of 252; 85%) agreed: “pathologists are an important part of the patient care team for patients with cancer and other rare tumors” (P = .008).Conclusions.—This study is the first to evaluate the impact of pathologist interaction with Facebook patient support groups and to assess perceptions about the specialty of pathology from a large group of patients with rare tumors. Pathologist involvement in Facebook patient groups appears to positively influence patient perception of the importance of pathologists. We hope these data will encourage more pathologists to participate in Facebook patient support groups.
SYNTESIS of DIMERIC SURFACTANTS based on SYNTHANOL DS-10 AND ADIPINIC ACID
Authors: Lominoga Elena A. , Burmistrov Konstantin S. , Gevod Victor S. 
Published: January 2018

Mono- and di- esters of adipinic acid with long chain ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols (mixture of C10 – C12 and C16 – C18 alkohols) were obtained by the reaction of Synthanol DS-10 and adipinic acid and its dichloroanhydride. If adipinic acid with p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst were used as acylating agent and the mole ratio of Synthanol DS-10 to adipinic acid is 1:1 the yield of monoacylated product was 76 %. (temperature 120-125 °C, 3 h). If the mole ratio of Synthanol DS-10 to adipinic acid is 2:1 the yield of diacylated product was 80 % (temperature 120-125 °C, 6 h). Using dichloroanhydride of adipinic acid as acylating agent gives the 90 % (temperature 90-100 °C, 7.5 h) yield of diacylated product. The structure of all compounds was established by IR and NMR spectroscopy. Surface tension dependence on concentration in aqueous and alkaline medium was investigated for the obtained compounds. It was determined that the colloidal properties of the synthesized products differ significantly from the original Synthanol DS-10. The minimal surface tension of synthesized compounds is 25-33 mN/m. The surface activity of monoester in 5 % sodium hydroxide is 5.74 N·m2·mol-1 (for Synthanol DS-10 3.06 N·m2·mol-1). But in water their surface activity is 4.00 and 4.17, respectively. Opacity temperature in different mediums was established for the new compounds. Cloud point at the concentration of 0.25 g/dm3 of diester of adipinic acid in water (>100 °C) is significantly higher than for Synthanol DS-10 (81 °C) and for monoester (46 °C). In 5 % solution of sodium hydroxide the cloud points of all these compounds are the same (difference is 2-3 °C). The new products are stable in water and alkaline medium, but not stable in 0.1N solution of hydrochloric acid. The new synthesized surfactants from Synthanol DS-10 and adipinic acid (by the complex of colloidal and physical-chemical properties) are interesting as the ingredients of technical and household compositions. Forcitation:Lominoga E.A., Burmistrov K.S., Gevod V.S. Syntesis of dimeric surfactants based on synthanol DS-10 and adipinic acid. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N2. P. 91-96
MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL E MESTRADO ACADÊMICO: APROXIMAÇÕES E DIFERENÇAS
Authors: André Marli 
Published: January 2018

O texto discute uma proposta de formação de profissionais da educação básica. Toma como pano de fundo alguns desafios enfrentados na formação dos mestrandos que buscam o Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Educação: Formação de Formadores, da PUC SP. O intuito do curso é criar condições para o desenvolvimento de sujeitos críticos, reflexivos, analistas simbólicos da realidade e implementadores de mudanças que concorram para uma educação de qualidade destinada às crianças e jovens da escola básica. A proposta curricular está centrada em disciplinas e atividades que visam articular a pesquisa e a prática pedagógica, o que provocou, por parte dos professores do programa, um questionamento sobre o que caracteriza a pesquisa no mestrado profissional e em que medida se distingue da pesquisa no mestrado acadêmico. Vários autores estrangeiros, como Stenhouse, Elliot, Tripp, Lerner que discutem a pesquisa e a intervenção na escola e na sala de aula foram revisitados. Propostas de autores brasileiros como Lüdke e Gatti também foram retomadas para ajudar a esclarecer as dúvidas. Constatou-se que a diferenças fundamental encontra-se no objeto de estudo, um tem como referência a prática profissional, o outro, o avanço do conhecimento. O ponto de aproximação entre a pesquisa acadêmica e a pesquisa da prática é o rigor teórico-metodológico: ambas exigem planejamento, controle e sistematização do conhecimento.
Comunicação e aprendizagem ubíqua: reconfiguração das práticas pedagógicas na cibercultura
Authors: Mantovani Ana Margô , Santos Bettina Steren dos 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa realizada com o objetivo de investigar como os professores reconfiguram suas práticas pedagógicas, por meio da comunicação e da aprendizagem ubíqua. Buscamos uma fundamentação teórica que inclui a “Biologia do Conhecer” e a “Multirreferencialidade”, bem como teóricos contemporâneos que estudam a cibercultura. Situa-se no âmbito do estudo de caso, constituído por professores de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior. A Análise Textual Discursiva configurou-se no método de interpretação das narrativas. Evidenciamos que os professores: incorporam em suas práticas pedagógicas a lógica comunicacional da cibercultura, por meio da comunicação ubíqua e das relações dialógicas que estabelecem; propõem situações de aprendizagem problematizadoras, configurando um espaço de convivência híbrido e ubíquo; e promovem estratégias de integração da aprendizagem ubíqua ao ensino formal. Concluímos que o potencial da ubiquidade proporciona novas ambiências comunicacionais que possibilitam a reconfiguração das práticas pedagógicas. Para tal, é necessário instaurar uma dinâmica de comunicação multi (direcional/ dimensional), pautada na interatividade, nos processos de ensinar e aprender.