bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cebranopadol, a novel first-in-class analgesic drug candidate: first experience in patients with chronic low back pain in a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Christoph Annette , Eerdekens Marie-Henriette , Kok Maurits , Volkers Gisela , Freynhagen Rainer 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Chronic low back pain (LBP) is a common condition, usually with the involvement of nociceptive and neuropathic pain components, high economic burden and impact on quality of life. Cebranopadol is a potent, first-in-class drug candidate with a novel mechanistic approach, combining nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide and opioid peptide receptor agonism. We conducted the first phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled trial, evaluating the analgesic efficacy, safety, and tolerability of cebranopadol in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic LBP with and without neuropathic pain component. Patients were treated for 14 weeks with cebranopadol 200, 400, or 600 μg once daily, tapentadol 200 mg twice daily, or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoints were the change from baseline pain to the weekly average 24-hour pain during the entire 12 weeks and during week 12 of the maintenance phase. Cebranopadol demonstrated analgesic efficacy, with statistically significant and clinically relevant improvements over placebo for all doses as did tapentadol. The responder analysis (≥30% or ≥50% pain reduction) confirmed these results. Cebranopadol and tapentadol displayed beneficial effects on sleep and functionality. Cebranopadol treatment was safe, with higher doses leading to higher treatment discontinuations because of treatment–emergent adverse events occurring mostly during titration. Those patients reaching the target doses had an acceptable tolerability profile. The incidence rate of most frequently reported treatment–emergent adverse events during maintenance phase was ≤10%. Although further optimizing the titration scheme to the optimal dose for individual patients is essential, cebranopadol is a new drug candidate with a novel mechanistic approach for potential chronic LBP treatment.
The Wood’s Light’s Diagnostic Use in Dermatology
Authors: Limone Brittanya , Meadows LaVonne 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
The field of dermatology utilizes a wide variety of tools to aid in the determination of a diagnosis. Diagnostic tools are helpful when the cause of a patient’s presentation may not be obvious based on history and physical examination. The purpose of this column is to highlight some of the more commonly encountered diagnostic tools in dermatology, the background and indications for their use, their construct and application, the ways to interpret their results, and their important clinical implications. This article presents the Wood’s light, a useful and cost-effective tool to quickly assess many dermatologic conditions.
The Effect of False-positive Mammograms on Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Initiation
Authors: Segel Joel E. , Balkrishnan Rajesh , Hirth Richard A. 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Despite reported increases in anxiety following a false-positive mammogram, there is little evidence the effect rises to the clinical level of initiating medication.

Objective:
To analyze the effect of a false-positive mammogram on antidepressant or anxiolytic initiation and identify subpopulations most at risk.

Subjects:
MarketScan commercial and Medicaid claims databases used to identify women ages 40–64 undergoing screening mammography with no prior antidepressant or anxiolytic claims.

Research Design:
Using a retrospective cohort design, we estimated the effects of a false-positive relative to a negative mammogram on the likelihood of initiating antidepressants or anxiolytics using multivariate logistic models estimated separately by insurance type.

Results:
At 3 months after a false-positive mammogram, the relative risk (RR) for antidepressant or anxiolytic initiation was 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–1.31] for the commercially insured and 1.13 (95% CI, 0.96–1.29) in the Medicaid population. In addition, 4 subgroups were at particularly elevated risk: commercially insured women ages 40–49 (RR=1.33; 95% CI, 1.13–1.54) or whose false-positive required multiple tests to resolve (RR=1.37; 95% CI, 1.17–1.57), included a biopsy (RR=1.68; 95% CI, 1.18–2.17), or whose resolution took >1 week (RR=1.21; 95% CI, 1.07–1.34).

Conclusions:
False-positive mammograms were associated with significant increases in antidepressant or anxiolytic imitation among the commercially insured. Follow-up resources may be particularly beneficial for cases taking longer to resolve and involving biopsies or multiple tests. The results highlight the need to resolve false-positives quickly and effectively and to monitor depressive symptoms following a positive result.
Incident Reporting in Emergency Medicine: A Thematic Analysis of Events
Authors: Aaronson Emily Loving , Brown David , Benzer Theodore , Natsui Shaw , Mort Elizabeth 
Published: June 2017

Background
Incident reporting is a recognized tool for healthcare quality improvement. These systems, which aim to capture near-misses and harm events, enable organizations to gather critical information about failure modes and design mitigation strategies. Although many hospitals have employed these systems, little is known about safety themes in emergency medicine incident reporting. Our objective was to systematically analyze and thematically code 1 year of incident reports.

Methods
A mixed-methods analysis was performed on 1 year of safety reporting data from a large, urban tertiary-care emergency department using a modified grounded theory approach.

Results
Between January 1 and December 31, 2015, there were 108,436 emergency department visits. During this time, 750 incident reports were filed. Twenty-nine themes were used to code the reports, with 744 codes applied. The most common themes were related to delays (138/750, 18.4%), medication safety (136/750, 18.1%), and failures in communication (110/750, 14.7%). A total of 48.8% (366/750) of reports were submitted by nurses.

Conclusions
The most prominent themes during 1 year of incident reports were related to medication safety, delays, and communication. Relative to hospital-wide reporting patterns, a higher proportion of reports were submitted by physicians. Despite this, overall incident reporting remains low, and more is needed to engage physicians in reporting.
A Statewide Surgical Coaching Program Provides Opportunity for Continuous Professional Development
Authors: Greenberg Caprice C. , Ghousseini Hala N. , Pavuluri Quamme Sudha R. , Beasley Heather L. , Frasier Lane L. , Brys Nicole A. , Dombrowski Janet C. , Wiegmann Douglas A. 
Published: June 2017

Objective:
We sought to develop and evaluate a video-based coaching program for board-eligible/certified surgeons.

Summary Background Data:
Multiple disciplines utilize coaching for continuous professional development; however, coaching is not routinely employed for practicing surgeons.

Methods:
Peer-nominated surgeons were trained as coaches then paired with participant surgeons. After setting goals, each coaching pair reviewed video-recorded operations performed by the participating surgeon. Coaching sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded to identify topics discussed. The effectiveness with which our coaches were able to utilize the core principles and activities of coaching was evaluated using 3 different approaches: self-evaluation; evaluation by the participants; and assessment by the study team. Surveys of participating surgeons and coach-targeted interviews provided general feedback on the program. All measures utilized a 5-point Likert scale format ranging from 1 (low) to 5 (high).

Results:
Coach-participant surgeon pairs targeted technical, cognitive, and interpersonal aspects of performance. Other topics included managing intraoperative stress. Mean objective ratings of coach effectiveness was 3.1 ± 0.7, ranging from 2.0 to 5.0 on specific activities of coaching. Subjective ratings by coaches and participants were consistently higher. Coaches reported that the training provided effectively prepared them to facilitate coaching sessions. Participants were similarly positive about interactions with their coaches. Identified barriers were related to audio-video technology and scheduling of sessions. Overall, participants were satisfied with their experience (mean 4.4 ± 0.7) and found the coaching program valuable (mean 4.7 ± 0.7).

Conclusions:
This is the first report of cross-institutional surgical coaching for the continuous professional development of practicing surgeons, demonstrating perceived value among participants, as well as logistical challenges for implementing this evidence-based program. Future research is necessary to evaluate the impact of coaching on practice change and patient outcomes.
Recording Fewer Than 20 Potential Pairs With SFEMG May Suffice for the Diagnosis of Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Abraham Alon , Breiner Ari , Barnett Carolina , Katzberg Hans D. , Bril Vera 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
Our aim in the current study was to determine the minimum number of SFEMG potential pairs required to confirm neuromuscular junction impairment and relate this number to disease severity.

Methods:
Ninety-four patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) attending the neuromuscular clinic from February 2013 to November 2015 were included. The SFEMG sensitivity was determined for each number of recorded pairs up to 20. In addition, we compared clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics between patients with abnormality within the first 3, 4 to 7, and ≥8 recorded pairs to determine whether this number is associated with disease severity.

Results:
Ninety-eight percent of patients had abnormal SFEMG, within 17 pairs in ocular MG, and within 15 pairs in generalized MG. All patients with generalized MG had at least one abnormal pair in the first five recorded pairs. Patients with three abnormal pairs apparent earlier during the test had more frequent bulbar, respiratory, and limb muscle weakness, and had higher mean jitter values and decrement values.

Conclusions:
In most cases, an abnormal SFEMG examination can be demonstrated in the first 15 recorded potential pairs in patients with generalized MG, and in the first 17 pairs in patients with ocular MG, thus shortening the test time and decreasing patient discomfort while preserving test sensitivity.
Scaffolding imagination: A role for medial frontal cortex in the expression of off-task thought
Authors: Sormaz Mladen , Wang Hao-ting , Karapanagiotidis Theodoros , Murphy Charlotte , Hymers Mark , Margulies Daniel , Jefferies Elizabeth , Smallwood Jonathan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe often think about people, places and events that are outside of our immediate environment. Although prior studies have explored how we can reduce the occurrence of these experiences, the neurocognitive process through which they are produced are less understood. The current study builds on developmental and evolutionary evidence that language helps organise and express our thoughts. Behaviorally, we found the occurrence of task unrelated thought (TUT) in easy situations was associated with thinking in words. Using experience sampling data, in combination with online measures of neural function, we established that activity in a region of anterior cingulate cortex / medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) tracked with changes in the expression of TUT. This region is at the intersection of two mPFC clusters identified through their association with variation in aspects of spontaneous thought: thinking in words (dorsal) and mental time travel (ventral). Finally, using meta-analytic decoding we confirmed the dorsal/ventral distinction within mPFC corresponding to a functional difference between domains linked to language and meaning and those linked to memory and scene construction. This evidence suggests a role for mPFC in the expression of TUT that may emerge from interactions with distributed neural signals reflecting processes such as language and memory.
Bacteria facilitate viral co-infection of mammalian cells and promote genetic recombination
Authors: Erickson A.K. , Jesudhasan P.R. , Mayer M.J. , Narbad A. , Winter S.E. , Pfeiffer J.K. 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYIntestinal bacteria promote infection of several mammalian enteric viruses, but the mechanisms and consequences are unclear. We screened a panel of 41 bacterial strains as a platform to determine how different bacteria impact enteric viruses. We found that most bacterial strains bound poliovirus, a model enteric virus. Given that each bacterium bound multiple virions, we hypothesized that bacteria may deliver multiple viral genomes to a mammalian cell even when very few virions are present, such as during the first replication cycle after inter-host transmission. We found that exposure to certain bacterial strains increased viral co-infection even when the ratio of virus to host cells was low. Bacteria-mediated viral co-infection correlated with bacterial adherence to cells. Importantly, bacterial strains that induced viral co-infection facilitated viral fitness restoration through genetic recombination. Thus, bacteria-virus interactions may increase viral fitness through viral recombination at initial sites of infection, potentially limiting abortive infections.
Fitness effects ofcis-regulatory variants in theSaccharomyces cerevisiae TDH3promoter
Authors: Duveau Fabien , Toubiana William , Wittkopp Patricia J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractVariation in gene expression is widespread within and between species, but fitness consequences of this variation are generally unknown. Here we use mutations in theSaccharomyces cerevisiae TDH3promoter to assess how changes inTDH3expression affect cell growth. From these data, we predict the fitness consequences ofde novomutations and natural polymorphisms in theTDH3promoter. Nearly all mutations and polymorphisms in theTDH3promoter were found to have no significant effect on fitness in the environment assayed, suggesting that the wild type allele of this promoter is robust to the effects of most newcis-regulatory mutations.
The impact of Zika on local businesses
Authors: Page Timothy F. , Williams Mark L. , Cassella Graziana , Adler Jessica L. , Amick, III Benjamin C. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
In June 2016, the first cases of Zika were reported in the USA in the Wynwood neighborhood of Miami, Florida. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a survey of Wynwood businesses about their perceptions of their financial well-being and the government and media’s responses to the Zika outbreak.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey instrument was developed, and 44 owners/managers of Wynwood businesses were interviewed by telephone or in-person during the period when the outbreak was being managed.

Findings
Businesses reported downturns in revenues, profits, and customer traffic following the Zika outbreak. Believing that the downturn would be temporary, few businesses laid off workers or reduced prices. All businesses reported dissatisfaction with the government’s response to the outbreak.

Originality/value
This is the first study to document the impact of Zika on businesses located in outbreak areas. The findings highlight the business impact of Zika outbreaks and suggest a need for improved communication and response from state and local governments to business concerns when future outbreaks occur.
El Niño-induced droughts in the Colombian Andes: towards a critique of contingency thinking
Authors: Staupe-Delgado Reidar , Kruke Bjørn Ivar 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the contingency approach to disaster preparedness inhibits proactive management of slow-onset disasters, such as El Niño, with the purpose of advancing disaster risk theory.

Design/methodology/approach
This study draws on fieldwork data from Nariño, Colombia, combined with secondary data and a review of the literature on El Niño and disaster preparedness.

Findings
Disaster managers in Nariño do have contingency plans for El Niño events at their disposal. Yet, these plans do not come into play before impacts reach a certain severity. This “contingency approach” to disaster preparedness appears to stem from the assumption that disaster must come before response, effectively inhibiting proactive responses to El Niño impacts.

Research limitations/implications
Attributing observed cases of droughts and oral accounts of impacts to the El Niño phenomenon is methodologically challenging. To overcome this, the aim of this study is not the documentation of subjective attributions. Instead, the focus is on bringing to the fore key dilemmas that preparedness professionals may face when they prepare for disasters with a slow onset.

Practical implications
Developing prevention and preparedness conceptualisations that focus on preemptive measures should ensure a more proactive response to slow-onset disasters.

Originality/value
Whether slow-onset disasters lend themselves to the same types of risk reduction strategies applied to rapid-onset disasters is a theoretical and practical issue that has not been explored sufficiently in the disaster risk literature.
Investigating the individual trust and school performance in semi-virtual collaboration groups
Authors: Cheng Xusen , Fu Shixuan , Han Yajing , Zarifis Alex 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between individual trust of students in computer supported semi-virtual collaboration groups and student’s performance in school.Design/methodology/approachLongitudinal questionnaires and interviews are conducted during the case study. By analyzing the data from the questionnaires and the grade earned by the students, the sample students are ranked with respect to the trust level and individual performance. Furthermore, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test is used to compare individual trust level and performance in the computer supported semi-virtual collaborative environment.FindingsThe distribution of an individual’s trust level is roughly consistent with the distribution of the individual’s performance in the collaboration. Besides, the relationship between a student’s trust level and the student’s performance is positively correlated.Research limitations/implicationsThis study integrates the issues of trust, school performance, and collaboration in an educational context. Furthermore, the conclusions drawn from this paper extend the literature of multiple disciplines including education, management, and psychology.Practical implicationsThe conclusions could apply in the fields of education and management since the analysis revealed the relationship between an individual’s trust level and their performance.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the field of trust and collaboration research with a link to trust development and performance. The study also provides an insight into how to successfully improve the performance of student semi-virtual collaboration groups.
Don’t throw rocks from the side-lines
Authors: Daniel Elizabeth , Hartnett Elizabeth , Meadows Maureen 
Published: June 2017

PurposeSocial media such as blogs are being widely used in organizations in order to undertake internal communication and share knowledge, rendering them important boundary objects. A root metaphor of the boundary object domain is the notion of relatively static and inert objects spanning similarly static boundaries. A strong sociomaterial perspective allows the immisciblity of object and boundary to be challenged, since a key tenet of this perspective is the ongoing and mutually constituted performance of the material and social. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe aim of the research is to draw upon sociomateriality to explore the operation of social media platforms as intra-organizational boundary objects. Given the novel perspective of this study and its social constructivist ontology, the authors adopt an exploratory, interpretivist research design. This is operationalized as a case study of the use of an organizational blog by a major UK Government department over an extended period. A novel aspect of the study is the use of data released under a Freedom of Information request.FindingsThe authors present three exemplar instances of how the blog and organizational boundaries were performed in the situated practice of the case study organization. The authors draw on the literature on boundary objects, blogs and sociomateriality in order to provide a theoretical explication of the mutually constituted performance of the blog and organizational boundaries. The authors also invoke the notion of “extended chains of intra-action” to theorize changes in the wider organization.Originality/valueAdoption of a sociomaterial lens provides a highly novel perspective of boundary objects and organizational boundaries. The study highlights the indeterminate and dynamic nature of boundary objects and boundaries, with both being in an intra-active state of becoming challenging conventional conceptions. The study demonstrates that specific material-discursive practices arising from the situated practice of the blog at the respective boundaries were performative, reconfiguring the blog and boundaries and being generative of further changes in the organization.
The role of context-specific factors in IFDI’s influence on OFDI of developing country
Authors: Zhang Mengting , Zhong Changbiao , Yu Feng 
Published: June 2017

PurposeAlthough prior research has highlighted the importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) on a country’s internationalization, it has largely focused on developed countries. As a result, the FDI performance of a developing country, which differs fundamentally from that of developed countries in their environment, remains unclear. Under the newly development environment, the traditional FDI theories have been challenged by the increasing investments from emerging and transition economies. The theory system needs a fresh situation’s supplement urgently.Design/methodology/approachOn the basis of a literature review, this paper constructed an empirical model to further study the moderating effects of context-specific factors on the influence of inbound foreign direct investment (IFDI) on outbound foreign direct investment (OFDI). China was chosen as the representation of a developing country, and its data of mutual investments with 125 countries from 2003 to 2014 were used to carry out hypothesis testing.FindingsThe analysis and results of this paper suggested: first, for China, the overall influence of IFDI on OFDI is positive. That is to say, IFDI’s positive spillover effect is greater than the negative competition effect. Second, innovational distance’s effect on FDI is complicated. It can either be positive or negative, which calls for further investigation. Third, economic distance negatively affects OFDI and negatively moderates IFDI’s effect on OFDI, especially the export. To some extent, the moderating effect that resulted from the competition effect will reduce overseas investment by extruding some of the local enterprises. Fourth, cultural distance’s effect is closely related to the spillover effect that will positively moderate IFDI’s influence on OFDI.Originality/valueThis paper enriched the international investment theoretical system by adding a mechanism of multiway international investment of a developing country. The research also has a guiding significance for developing countries’ governments in coordinating mutual international investments. Also, these results have important implications for how policymakers promote OFDI and put forward new theoretical avenues for conceptualizing the internationalization process.