bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CT-based measurement of the inner pelvic volume
Authors: Kaufmann David , Lauscher Johannes C , Gröne Jörn , zur Hausen Gerrit , Kreis Martin E , Hamm Bernd , Niehues Stefan M 
Published: March 2016

Background Surgery in the lesser pelvis is associated with a high complication rate as surgeons are spatially limited by solid anatomic structures and soft tissue borders. So far, only two-dimensional (2D) parameters have been used for risk stratification. Purpose To precisely measure the inner pelvic volume a computed tomography (CT)-based three-dimensional (3D) approach was established and compared to approximations by 2D parameter combinations. Material and Methods Thin-layered multi-slice CT datasets were used retrospectively for slice by slice depiction of the inner pelvic surface. The inner pelvic volume was then automatically compounded. Combinations of two to four 2D dimensions determined in 3D volume rendered reconstructions were correlated with the inner pelvic volume. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Chi square test were used for statistical calculations. Significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results In total 142 patients (91 men, 51 women) aged 64.8 ± 10.6 years at surgery were included in the study. Mean calculated pelvic volume was 1031.13 ± 180.06 cm3 (men, 996.57 ± 172.43 cm3; women, 1093.34 ± 178.39 cm3). Best approximations were obtained by combination of the 2D measurements transverse inlet and pelvic height for men (r = 0.799, P < 0.05) as well as transverse inlet, obstetric conjugate, interspinous distance and pelvic depth for women (r = 0.855, P < 0.05). Conclusion We describe a precise and reproducible CT-based method for pelvic volumetry. A less time consuming but still reliable approximation can be achieved by combination of two to four 2D dimensions.
Genetic epidemiology of migraine and depression
Authors: Yang Yuanhao , Ligthart Lannie , Terwindt Gisela M , Boomsma Dorret I , Rodriguez-Acevedo Astrid J , Nyholt Dale R 
Published: March 2016

Background Migraine and major depressive disorder (commonly referred to as depression) are both common disorders with a significant impact on society. Studies in both clinical and community-based settings have demonstrated a strong relationship between migraine and depression. In addition to complicating the diagnosis, depression that is comorbid with migraine may lower treatment adherence, increase risk of medication overuse and is associated with migraine chronification, thus leading to higher direct and indirect costs and poorer health-related outcomes with increased disability. Aim The aim of this review is to summarise the current knowledge on the genetic epidemiology of migraine and depression and the possible biological mechanisms underlying their comorbidity. Methods We present a narrative review reporting on the current literature. Results and conclusions Epidemiological findings indicate that there is a bidirectional relationship between migraine and depression, with one disorder increasing the risk for the other and vice versa, suggesting shared biological mechanisms. Twin and family studies indicate that this bidirectional relationship can be explained, at least partly, by shared underlying genetically determined disease mechanisms. Although no genes have been robustly associated with the aetiology of both migraine and depression, genes from serotonergic, dopaminergic and GABAergic systems together with variants in the MTHFR and BDNF genes remain strong candidates.
Autologous Bone Plug Supplemented With Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation in Osteochondral Defects of the Knee
Authors: Bhattacharjee Atanu , McCarthy Helen S. , Tins Bernhard , Roberts Sally , Kuiper J.H. , Harrison Paul E. , Richardson James B. 
Published: March 2016

Background: Structural and functional outcome of bone graft with first- or second-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) in treating cartilage and subchondral bone defect has not been reported previously. Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of simultaneous transplantation of an autologous bone plug with first- or second-generation ACI for restoration of concomitant subchondral bone and full-thickness cartilage defect in the femoral condyle of the knee. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Seventeen patients (mean ± SD age, 27 ± 7 years; range, 17-40 years)—12 with osteochondritis dissecans (International Cartilage Repair Society [ICRS] grades 3 and 4) and 5 with an isolated osteochondral defect (ICRS grade 4)—had the defect reconstructed with implantation of a unicortical autologous bone graft combined with ACI (the OsPlug technique). Functional outcome was assessed with Lysholm scores obtained preoperatively and at 1 and 5 years postoperatively. The repair site was evaluated with the Oswestry Arthroscopy Score (OAS), MOCART score (magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue), and ICRS II histology score. Formation of a subchondral lamina and lateral integration of the bone grafts were evaluated from magnetic resonance imaging scans. Results: The mean defect size was 4.5 ± 2.6 cm2 (range, 1-9 cm2), and the mean depth was 11.3 ± 5 mm (range, 5-18 mm). The preoperative Lysholm score improved from 45 (interquartile range [IQR], 24; range, 16-79) to 77 (IQR, 28; range, 41-100) at 1 year ( P = .001) and 70 (IQR, 35; range, 33-91) at 5 years ( P = .009). The mean OAS of the repair site was 6.2 (range, 0-9) at a mean of 1.3 years. The mean MOCART score was 61 ± 22 (range, 20-85) at 2.6 ± 1.8 years. Histology demonstrated generally good integration of the repair cartilage with the underlying bone. Poor lateral integration of the bone graft, as assessed on magnetic resonance imaging scan, and a low OAS were significantly associated with a poor Lysholm score and failure. A total of 3 patients had treatment failure, with 1 requiring total knee replacement at 5 years (Lysholm score of 33 at failure) and the other 2 requiring further surgical intervention because of persistent symptoms at 2 and 4 years, respectively (both had Lysholm score of 45 at failure). The Lysholm score in these patients before failure were still noted to be higher than at the preoperative level. Conclusion: The OsPlug technique shows significant improvement of functional outcome for up to 5 years in patients with high-grade osteochondritis dissecans or osteochondral defect. This is the first report describing association of bone graft integration with functional outcome after such a procedure. It also demonstrates histologic evidence of integration of the repair cartilage with the underlying bone graft.
Radiographic Severity of Arthritis Affects Functional Outcome in Total Ankle Replacement (TAR)
Authors: Chambers Simon , Ramaskandhan Jayasree , Siddique Malik 
Published: March 2016

Background: It has been previously demonstrated that radiographic severity of arthritis predicts outcome following knee replacement. In certain circumstances, patients may undergo arthroplasty without severe radiographic disease. An example may be the patient with significant chondral damage unsuccessfully treated with arthroscopy. This patient may proceed to joint replacement when their radiographs would not normally merit such intervention. We investigated whether these findings were also applicable to total ankle replacements (TARs). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a single-surgeon, single-implant series of 178 TARs in 170 patients. Of them, 124 patients who took part in the hospital joint registry with a minimum 2-year follow-up were included for this study. The radiographic severity of arthritis was graded using the Kellgren-Lawrence classification. Preoperative weight-bearing radiographs were reviewed for severity of arthritis by 2 blinded observers: the first author and an independent colleague from the radiology department. Patients were grouped into 4 subgroups based on degree of severity of radiographic grading for arthritis—A, B, C, and D (for grades 1, 2, 3, and 4 grades, respectively). Data collected included Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS; pain, function, and stiffness), MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores, and patient satisfaction scores collected prospectively and at 1 and 2 years postoperation. Results: Groups were similar in terms of demographic data ( P > .1) and preoperative FAOS scores ( P > .89) for pain, function and stiffness. Group D had the biggest improvement in all domains of FAOS. This reached significance in each domain when compared to group C. No significant differences were demonstrated in SF-36 scores. Overall, 91.1% of patients in group D were satisfied at 2 years, compared with 50.0% of patients in groups A, B, and C ( P < .001). In addition, 93.9% of patients in group D felt that their quality of life had been improved by the surgery, compared to 47% of patients with groups A, B, and C ( P < .001). Further, 77.3% of patients from group D said they would have the operation again, vs only 52.2% of patients with grade III or less ( P = .014). Patients who were “very satisfied” or “somewhat satisfied” postoperatively had an average Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade of 3.9 preoperatively. In contrast the “very dissatisfied” and “somewhat dissatisfied” patients had an average KL grade of 2.9 ( P < .05). Conclusion: Although this study does not explain all of the dissatisfaction in TAR, radiologic severity is an important factor that surgeons must consider when planning how best to treat their patients. There may be a different pathophysiology in this patient group that is not well served by arthroplasty. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
Management and monitoring of hyperthyroid cats: a survey of Australian veterinarians
Authors: Kopecny Lucy , Higgs Paul , Hibbert Angie , Malik Richard , Harvey Andrea M 
Published: March 2016

Objectives This study sought to evaluate how Australian veterinarians approach management and monitoring of feline hyperthyroidism and compare these results with a similar survey recently performed in the UK. Methods An invitation to complete an online survey was sent to veterinarians in all states and territories of Australia. The survey comprised questions relating to management of hyperthyroidism, use of antithyroid drugs vs radioiodine treatment vs surgical thyroidectomy, in addition to demographic information for respondents. Results A total of 546 clinicians completed the survey. The most commonly preferred treatments for long-term management of feline hyperthyroidism were antithyroid medications (305/546; 56%) and radioiodine (210/546; 38%), with substantially more respondents selecting radioiodine when cost was removed as a consideration (425/546; 78%). However, most respondents had treated or referred few cases for radioiodine (median 2). Most veterinarians (500/546; 92%) used antithyroid medications either long term or prior to definitive treatment of hyperthyroidism. For medical management, 45% (244/546) of veterinarians used twice-daily carbimazole. Half of respondents (274/546) aimed to maintain the total thyroxine concentration anywhere within the laboratory reference interval in hyperthyroid cats without chronic kidney disease. Blood pressure monitoring was uncommon. Surgical thyroidectomy was rarely performed. Conclusions and relevance Radioiodine was more frequently preferred by Australian veterinarians compared with those in the UK, likely associated with greater availability, reduced cost and shorter hospitalisation times in this jurisdiction, although antithyroid medications were the most frequently used treatment modality. Barriers remain to its utilisation, however, including perceived cost, misconceptions with regard to expected success rate and accessibility. Recent changes to recommendations on the management and monitoring of hyperthyroid cats do not appear to have been widely adopted by veterinarians at this time.
Confirmatory field study for the evaluation of ciclosporin at a target dose of 7.0 mg/kg (3.2 mg/lb) in the control of feline hypersensitivity dermatitis
Authors: Roberts Elizabeth S , Speranza Cindy , Friberg Cecilia , Griffin Craig , Steffan Jean , Roycroft Linda , King Stephen 
Published: March 2016

Objectives This study was designed to confirm the efficacy and tolerability of a daily dose of 7.0 mg/kg (3.2 mg/lb) ciclosporin (CsA) in the treatment of feline hypersensitivity dermatitis (HD), as this includes some of the most frequently suspected skin diseases in cats and recent publications have reported the successful use of CsA in the treatment of feline HD. Methods In total, 217 cats with feline HD were treated daily for 42 days with a target dose of 7 mg/kg CsA (n = 144) or a placebo control (n = 73) administered either in the food or directly in the mouth following feeding. Clinical and dermatological evaluations were conducted on days 0, 21 and 42, or study exit. Safety was evaluated through physical examinations, clinical pathology and the monitoring of adverse events (AEs). Results Administration of CsA at 7.0 mg/kg produced a significant improvement in the total lesion score ( P <0.0001). The average reduction from visit 1 to visit 3 was 65.1% in the CsA group (9.2% for the placebo). In addition, owners assessed 78.3% of the cases in the CsA group as a success. Statistically significant recoveries were also seen in extent of lesions, investigator assessment of overall improvement, and mean improvement in both the investigators’ and owners’ assessment of pruritus. Mild gastrointestinal disorders were the most common AEs but did not require cessation of therapy. Conclusions and relevance Results confirm that 7.0 mg/kg CsA dosed daily in food or orally for up to 6 weeks is effective and well tolerated by cats with feline HD.
Idiopathic CD4 T-Cell Lymphocytopenia
Authors: Cheung Loretta , Weinstein Miriam 
Published: March 2016

Importance: Idiopathic CD4 T-cell lymphocytopenia (ICL) is an immunodeficiency disorder that presents with a decrease in CD4+ T cells without evidence of a human immunodeficiency virus infection. It is most commonly diagnosed after a patient presents with an opportunistic infection and can also be associated with malignancies and autoimmune diseases. This case presentation and literature review highlights the common skin findings in patients with ICL, mainly recalcitrant warts, and discusses the treatment options available. Observations: The patient described is the youngest reported with ICL presenting with isolated cutaneous findings of recalcitrant warts and psoriasis. Many treatment options were tried for the warts, with the most significant response to acitretin. Conclusions and Relevance: This case highlights the importance of considering underlying immunodeficiency in patients with recalcitrant warts as well as developing treatment plans. Such patients require close follow-up by both dermatology and immunology to monitor for the development of other diseases related to ICL.
Incidence, characterization, and clinical impact analysis of peginterferon beta1a immunogenicity in patients with multiple sclerosis in the ADVANCE trial
Authors: White Joleen T. , Newsome Scott D. , Kieseier Bernd C. , Bermel Robert A. , Cui Yue , Seddighzadeh Ali , Hung Serena , Crossman Mary , Subramanyam Meena 
Published: March 2016

Background: Efficacy of interferon beta in multiple sclerosis (MS) can be dampened in patients who develop neutralizing antidrug antibodies (NAbs). Peginterferon beta1a is an interferon conjugated with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety. Pegylation increases a drug’s half life and exposure, and may also reduce immunogenicity. Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize the incidence and impact of immunogenicity to peginterferon beta1a over 2 years in patients with MS. Methods: Patients with relapsing–remitting MS ( N = 1512) were randomized to subcutaneous peginterferon beta1a 125 μg every 2 or 4 weeks, or placebo, for 1 year; patients in the placebo group were rerandomized to active treatment in year 2. The incidence and titers of binding antibodies (BAbs) and NAbs to interferon and antibodies to PEG (anti-PEG) were assessed in analytically validated assays. The clinical impact of immunogenicity on relapse and magnetic resonance imaging endpoints was evaluated. Results: Over 2 years, 6%, less than 1%, and 7% of patients developed anti-interferon BAbs, NAbs, and anti-PEG antibodies, respectively. There was no discernible clinically meaningful effect of antibody status on the pharmacodynamic, efficacy, or safety parameters evaluated, although these analyses were limited by the low incidence of treatment-emergent antibodies. Conclusion: The treatment effect of peginterferon beta1a in patients with relapsing–remitting MS is not expected to be attenuated by immunogenicity.
Immunoadsorption versus plasma exchange versus combination for treatment of myasthenic deterioration
Authors: Schneider-Gold Christiane , Krenzer Marco , Klinker Erdmute , Mansouri-Thalegani Behrouz , Müllges Wolfgang , Toyka Klaus V. , Gold Ralf 
Published: March 2016

Objectives: The goal of this study was to analyze safety and assess the efficacy of standard plasma exchange (PE) compared with immunoadsorption (IA) alone, or an alternating combination of both in deteriorating myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods: A total of 72 patients with MG who had received PE procedures for treatment of severe deterioration were retrospectively analyzed. They received either five cycles of PE (1–1.5 plasma volumes), or five cycles of IA in line with plasma separation, or a sequential alternating procedure of one cycle of PE followed by two cycles of IA, which was repeated once or more if needed. Results: A total of 19 patients received PE, 24 patients IA, and 29 the alternating combination therapy. All groups were equally distributed by sex and mean MG score before treatment. The number of treatment cycles and days on therapy did not differ between the groups. Mean MG scores at discharge were 3.0 (PE), 1.8 (IA) and 1.6 (combination) ( p = 0.028 for combination versus PE). Inpatient time was 30.7 days (PE), 22.3 days (IA) and 20.0 days in combination therapy ( p < 0.05 for combination versus PE). Side effects such as allergic reactions or hypocoagulability were significantly more frequent in the PE group (37% in PE versus 4% in IA and 3.6% in the alternating combination, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Semiselective IA in combination with PE, and to a lesser extent IA alone, was associated with a shorter hospital stay and more pronounced reduction of the MG score than PE.
Relative Value and Customer Choice in Loan Decisions: An Application of the Wallet Allocation Rule
Authors: Aksoy Lerzan , Keiningham Timothy L. , Buoye Alexander , Ball Joan 
Published: March 2016

Purpose – This research applies the Wallet Allocation Rule (WAR) to provide marketing scholars and practitioners with a deeper understanding of the key drivers of loan selection and to estimate the relative value borrowers place on various attributes when selecting a loan provider among competitors. Design/methodology/approach – A survey of 642 credit union (CU) members from nine geographically dispersed USA CUs was conducted. WAR analysis was conducted to measure the relative value customers place on the selected variables within and across the financial institutions that were part of the borrowers’ consideration sets. Findings – WAR analysis revealed stark differences in the value of factors in the selection of a bank or a credit union for first mortgages, suggesting that WAR analysis is a useful tool for understanding the relative value of various attributes in the selection of one loan provider over another. Originality/value –This research provides a significant contribution to both the service literature and the scientific literature in general by providing a user-friendly and scientifically tested analysis tool to measure relative value distances of ranked data and providing additional evidence for the usefulness of WAR analysis to better understand relative customer satisfaction and its implications for consumer behavior and service marketing.
Phase 2 study of idelalisib and entospletinib: pneumonitis limits combination therapy in relapsed refractory CLL and NHL
Authors: Barr Paul M. , Saylors Gene B. , Spurgeon Stephen E. , Cheson Bruce D. , Greenwald Daniel R. , O’Brien Susan M. , Liem Andre K. D. , Mclntyre Rosemary E. , Joshi Adarsh , Abella-Dominicis Esteban , Hawkins Michael J. , Reddy Anita , Di Paolo Julie , Lee Hank , He Joyce , Hu Jing , Dreiling Lyndah K. , Friedberg Jonathan W. 
Published: March 2016

Key Points
Concomitant PI3Kδ and SYK inhibition resulted in treatment-emergent pneumonitis, necessitating early study termination. Initial trials of novel combinations should use conservative designs that are focused on safety.
Linoleic acid-derived lipid mediators increase in a female-dominated subphenotype of COPD
Authors: Balgoma David , Yang Mingxing , Sjödin Marcus , Snowden Stuart , Karimi Reza , Levänen Bettina , Merikallio Heta , Kaarteenaho Riitta , Palmberg Lena , Larsson Kjell , Erle David J. , Dahlén Sven-Erik , Dahlén Barbro , Sköld C. Magnus , Wheelock Åsa M. , Wheelock Craig E. 
Published: March 2016

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of mortality; however, the role of inflammatory mediators in its pathobiology remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of gender in COPD on lipid mediator levels.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were obtained from healthy never-smokers, smokers and COPD patients (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage I–II/A–B) (n=114). 94 lipid mediators derived from the cytochrome-P450, lipoxygenase, and cyclooxygenase pathways were analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Multivariate modelling identified a 9-lipid panel in BALF that classified female smokers with COPD from healthy female smokers (p=6×10−6). No differences were observed for the corresponding male population (p=1.0). These findings were replicated in an independent cohort with 92% accuracy (p=0.005). The strongest drivers were the cytochrome P450-derived epoxide products of linoleic acid (leukotoxins) and their corresponding soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)-derived products (leukotoxin-diols). These species correlated with lung function (r=0.87; p=0.0009) and mRNA levels of enzymes putatively involved in their biosynthesis (r=0.96; p=0.003). Leukotoxin levels correlated with goblet cell abundance (r=0.72; p=0.028).These findings suggest a mechanism by which goblet cell-associated cytochrome-P450 and sEH activity produce elevated leukotoxin-diol levels, which play a putative role in the clinical manifestations of COPD in a female-dominated disease sub-phenotype.