bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of dementia and death in community-dwelling older men with bipolar disorder
Authors: Almeida Osvaldo P. , McCaul Kieran , Hankey Graeme J. , Yeap Bu B. , Golledge Jonathan , Flicker Leon 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundBipolar disorder has been associated with cognitive decline, but confirmatory evidence from a community-derived sample of older people is lacking.AimsTo investigate the 13-year risk of dementia and death in older adults with bipolar disorder.MethodCohort study of 37 768 men aged 65–85 years. Dementia (primary) and death (secondary), as recorded by electronic record linkage, were the outcomes of interest.ResultsBipolar disorder was associated with increased adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of dementia (HR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.80–2.94). The risk of dementia was greatest among those with <5 years of history of bipolar disorder or who had had illness onset after 70 years of age. Bipolar disorder was also associated with increased mortality (HR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.28–1.77). Competing risk regression showed that bipolar disorder was associated with increased hazard of death by suicide, accidents, pneumonia or influenza, and diseases of the liver and digestive system.ConclusionsBipolar disorder in later life is associated with increased risk of dementia and premature death.
Talking therapy groups on acute psychiatric wards: patients' experience of two structured group formats
Authors: Radcliffe Jonathan , Bird Laura 
Published: August 2016

Aims and methodWe report the results of a clinical audit of patients' reactions to two types of talking therapy groups facilitated by assistant psychologists and psychology graduates on three acute wards. Patients' experiences of problem-solving and interpersonal group formats were explored via focus groups and structured interviews with 29 group participants.ResultsBoth group formats generated high satisfaction ratings, with benefits related mostly to generic factors.Clinical implicationsAdequately trained and supported assistant psychologists and psychology graduates can provide supportive talking groups that patients find helpful.
Suicide under crisis resolution home treatment – a key setting for patient safety
Authors: Hunt Isabelle M. , Appleby Louis , Kapur Nav 
Published: August 2016

SummaryRecent years have seen a substantial increase in the use of crisis resolution home treatment (CRHT) teams as an alternative to psychiatric in-patient admission. We discuss the functions of these services and their effectiveness. Our research suggests high rates of suicide in patients under CRHT. Specific strategies need to be developed to improve patient safety in this setting.
Psychiatrists' understanding and use of psychological formulation: a qualitative exploration
Authors: Mohtashemi Roxanna , Stevens John , Jackson Paul G. , Weatherhead Stephen 
Published: August 2016

Aims and methodTo establish an initial conceptualisation of how psychiatrists understand and use formulation within adult psychiatry practice. Twelve psychiatrists took part in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using a constructivist grounded theory methodology.ResultsFormulation was conceptualised as an addition to diagnosis, triggered by risk, complexity and a need for an enhanced understanding. Participants valued collaborative formulation with psychologists. Multiple contextual factors were perceived to either facilitate or inhibit the process. Barriers to formulation led to a disjointed way of working.Clinical implicationsFindings contribute to an understanding of formulation within psychiatry training and practice.
Opening the ‘black box’: liaison psychiatry services and what they actually do
Authors: Guthrie Elspeth , McMeekin Aaron , Thomasson Rachel , Khan Sylvia , Makin Sally , Shaw Ben , Longson Damien 
Published: August 2016

Aims and methodTo develop a simple, pragmatic typology to characterise the nature of liaison interventions delivered by a liaison service in a National Health Service setting. We carried out a retrospective electronic case-note review of referrals to a ward-based liaison psychiatry service.ResultsThree hundred and forty-four patients were referred to the service over a 12-month period. Ten different types of liaison interventions were identified, with the most common interventions being diagnosis (112 patients, 32.6%), medication management (57 patients, 16.6%), risk assessment and treatment (56 patients, 16.3% each). Mental Health Act work accounted for the greatest number of contacts per patient (median 7).Clinical implicationsThere are inherent limitations in any single-site observational study, as site-specific results cannot be generalised to other liaison services. The intervention categories we developed, however, are easy to use and will provide a way of comparing and benchmarking the range of interventions delivered by different liaison psychiatry services.
The expansion of the Foundation Programme in psychiatry
Authors: Perry Jennifer , Boyle Ann , Wessely Simon 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThe Broadening the Foundation Programme report has led to an expansion in the number of psychiatry foundation placements. This change will have far-reaching benefits for foundation doctors doing psychiatry, no matter what their future career intentions. Doctors will develop a better understanding of mental illness, they will improve their communication skills and they will gain experience of working within multidisciplinary teams. Recruitment into psychiatry is also likely to improve. The Royal College of Psychiatrists is putting in place a number of measures to ensure that placements are of a high quality so that foundation doctors have a good experience of psychiatry.
Psychiatrists' use of formulation
Authors: Hughes Patricia M. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryBoth psychologists and psychiatrists are trained to write formulations of their patients' illnesses, with some differences in how they do this. Psychologists focus on psychological understanding, while psychiatrists' formulation brings together aetiology, functioning and a management plan. Mohtashemi et al's study records how some psychiatrists understand formulation and its usefulness. Time pressure was an important barrier to making a full formulation, and some believed the medical role of the psychiatrist was a priority. The study illustrates some of the challenges facing psychiatrists working in the NHS in terms of maintaining high clinical standards and a holistic approach to patient care.
Intelligent outcome measures in liaison psychiatry: essential even if not desirable
Authors: Tadros George 
Published: August 2016

SummaryService development is guided by outcome measures that inform service commissioners and providers. Those in liaison psychiatry should be encouraged to develop a positive approach that integrates the collection of outcome measures into everyday clinical practice. The Framework for Routine Outcome Measurement in Liaison Psychiatry (FROM-LP) is a very useful tool to measure service quality and clinical effectiveness, using a combination of clinician-rated and patient-rated outcome measures and patient-rated experience measures. However, it does not include measures of cost-effectiveness or training activities. The FROM-LP is a significant step towards developing nationally unified outcome measures.
Modern Extraterrestrial and Nanotechnologies As Education Innovation Resource
Authors: Лобжанидзе  , Lobzhanidze N. , Подболотова  , Podbolotova M. 
Published: August 2016

At present time native educational practice is aimed at developing of forms, educational models, contents of education from the perspective of future.
This factor obliges the teachers to apply innovation education resources, for example, modern extraterrestrial and nanotechnologies. The article
considers methodological aspects of the use of extraterrestrial and nanotechnologies in the system of additional education, based on their features
analysis. The article gives also methodological recommendations for the realization of innovation potential of extraterrestrial and nanotechnologies.
The meaning of participation to stroke survivors: a qualitative study
Authors: Fryer Kate , Baxter Susan , Brumfitt Shelagh 
Published: August 2016

Background/Aims: The effect of stroke can be all encompassing, and has an impact on significant roles in life. Assessing someone's level of participation is seen as essential to understanding the social impact of a disability on a person's life, and tailoring support accordingly. This study aimed to examine the meaning of participation to stroke survivors, in order to provide insight into the meaning of participation in the context of a stroke. Methods: A qualitative approach drawing on methods of phenomenology was used, with data collected via semi-structured interviews and a follow-up focus group. Analysis was undertaken using techniques of interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings: Six stroke survivors and six carers were interviewed, and four stroke survivors attended a focus group. Three main themes in relation to the meaning of participation were identified in the data: ‘being actively involved’; ‘making meaningful choices’; and ‘being me’. Conclusions: The work confirms the findings of previous studies on participation, and adds to current understandings by developing the meaning of ‘involvement’ beyond a social concept. It highlights that ‘involvement’ can include active engagement in life through being alone. It also identifies a specific link between stroke survivors’ sense of self, and participation.
How effective is stretching in maintaining range of movement for children with cerebral palsy? A critical review
Authors: Eldridge Fleur , Lavin Nicole 
Published: August 2016

Background/Aims:Cerebral palsy is the most common childhood disorder, affecting 4% of children born in the UK. It is common for children with cerebral palsy to have reduced range of movement (ROM) due to spasticity and contractures. Stretching is commonly used in physiotherapy programmes to manage this. This critical review aims to evaluate the evidence base behind the use of stretching for children with cerebral palsy.Methods:A systematic literature search of AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library Trials was conducted. Returned searches were assessed against strict criteria according to a predefined PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study). These studies were then critically appraised to assess the validity, reliability and clinical relevance.Results:There is evidence supporting the use of stretching in children with cerebral palsy. However, there is also some evidence to suggest very little or no positive change. All of the included studies have methodological limitations, which questions the validity of the results.Conclusions:The research suggests some positive outcomes for the use of stretching in cerebral palsy; studies that did not find positive outcomes found no adverse effects. However, further research in the area is required to validate the effectiveness of stretching to maintain ROM in children with cerebral palsy.
Results of non-operative treatment of fractures of the glenoid fossa
Authors: Königshausen M. , Coulibaly M. O. , Nicolas V. , Schildhauer T. A. , Seybold D. 
Published: August 2016

AimsOur aim was to investigate the outcomes of patients with a displaced fracture of the glenoid fossa who are treated conservatively. There is little information in the literature about the treatment of these rare injuries non-operatively.Patients and MethodsWe reviewed 24 patients with a mean age of 52 years (19 to 81) at a mean of 5.6 years (11 months to 18 years) after the injury.ResultsAt final follow-up, the mean Constant and Murley score was 79 points (18 to 98); the mean Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index score (WOSI) was 77% (12 to 100) and the mean Rowe score was 93 points (50 to 100). Fractures with little intra-articular displacement (≤ 3 mm) had an uneventful outcome. Those with intra-articular displacement of ≤ 3 mm had a significant better mean Constant and Murley score than those with displacement of ≥ 5 mm and/or a fracture gap of ≥ 5 mm. Poor clinical results such as nonunion and post-traumatic osteoarthritis were associated with displaced or angulated glenoid fragments and significant intra-articular displacement.ConclusionGlenoid fossa fractures with displacement of ≥ 5 mm should be treated surgically if the patient’s condition allows. Displacement and angulation can lead to nonunion and a poor outcome if the degree of displacement results in a persistent fracture gap in the glenoid fossa or if the angulation of fragments leads to malunion. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1074–9.
Management of rib fractures in traumatic flail chest
Authors: Coughlin T. A. , Ng J. W. G. , Rollins K. E. , Forward D. P. , Ollivere B. J. 
Published: August 2016

Aims Flail chest from a blunt injury to the thorax is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Its management globally is predominantly non-operative; however, there are an increasing number of centres which undertake surgical stabilisation. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy of this approach with that of non-operative management. A systematic search of the literature was carried out to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the clinical outcome of patients with a traumatic flail chest treated by surgical stabilisation of any kind with that of non-operative management. Results Of 1273 papers identified, three RCTs reported the results of 123 patients with a flail chest. Surgical stabilisation was associated with a two thirds reduction in the incidence of pneumonia when compared with non-operative management (risk ratio 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15 to 0.85, p = 0.02). The duration of mechanical ventilation (mean difference -6.30 days, 95% CI -12.16 to -0.43, p = 0.04) and length of stay in an intensive care unit (mean difference -6.46 days, 95% CI 9.73 to -3.19, p = 0.0001) were significantly shorter in the operative group, as was the overall length of stay in hospital (mean difference -11.39, 95% CI -12.39 to -10.38, p < 0.0001). Surgical stabilisation for a traumatic flail chest is associated with significant clinical benefits in this meta-analysis of three relatively small RCTs. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1119–25.
Three Unusual Techniques for the Analysis of Surface Modification of Clays and Nanocomposites
Authors: Rytwo Giora , Chorsheed Linda , Avidan Lior , Lavi Roy 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Three relatively unusual techniques that might deliver interesting information about the surface modifications performed on clay minerals are described here. The instruments used and the techniques were: (1) a streaming current detector (more commonly known as particle-charge detector) to monitor changes in the colloidal charge of the surfaces of modified particles; (2) a dispersion analyzer to monitor sedimentation/ dispersion behavior as a function of the modification, and in several cases even to yield a very good estimate of size of the particles (as long as they are between 10 nm and 10 mm); and (3) nuclear magnetic resonance-based specific surface area measurements, that yield information on the area and in some cases even on changes in the hydrophobic-hydrophillic surfaces formed due to the modification. As with all analytical techniques, these methods have advantages accompanied by problems, interesting research opportunities coupled with severe limitations that might lead to misinterpretation of the results. A few examples for each technique are presented here.
Inorganic Nanoarchitectures Based on Sepiolite
Authors: Aranda Pilar , Ruiz-Hitzky Eduardo 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Fibrous clay minerals (sepiolite and palygorskite) have large specific surface areas which offer interesting opportunities for the assembly of diverse types of nanoparticles (NPs) which, in certain cases, remain bonded through the silanol groups located at the external surfaces of these clays. Various methodologies used in the preparation of new nanoarchitectures, based on the attachment of NPs to fibrous clays, with special emphasis on the use of the sol-gel approach combined with organosepiolites to build nanostructured porous functional materials for different applications (e.g. photocatalysis), are introduced here. Other examples refer to the in situ formation of NPs, e.g. zeolites, which become attached to the clay fiber during the synthesis process via covalent bonds. The use of ferrofluids allows the development of nanoarchitectures in which iron-oxide NPs decorate sepiolite fibers and add superparamagnetic properties to the resulting materials. Examples of various multifunctional materials based on magnetite-sepiolite nanoarchitectures are also introduced and discussed critically here.
Monitoreo de cambios en la densidad de cobertura forestal en bosque templado usando fotografías aéreas digitales de alta resolución
Authors: López García José , Prado Molina Jorge , Manzo Delgado Lilia , Peralta Higuera Armando 
Published: August 2016

<p>Se utilizaron series multitemporales de fotografías aéreas digitales de alta resolución de pequeño formato para evaluar los cambios en la densidad de cobertura forestal en un bosque templado. Una combinación de técnicas convencionales y adaptadas de fotogrametría y fotointerpretación fueron utilizadas para establecer un método específico de evaluación. Este método ha sido probado en un periodo de doce años (1999-2011) en la zona núcleo de la Reserva de la Biósfera Mariposa Monarca, localizada en los estados de México y Michoacán, en México, usando mosaicos ortorectificados como mapas base para evaluar cambios bienales. Las imágenes fueron fotointerpretadas de manera tradicional marcando los cambios sobre acetatos, colocados sobre las imágenes impresas, creando así nuevos polígonos. Estos fueron transferidos directamente de los acetatos al ortomosaico a través de la pantalla de la computadora, usando al menos tres puntos de control, cumpliendo así con el principio de triangulación radial. El bosque fue separado en las siguientes clases de cobertura forestal: cerrada, semi-cerrada, semi-abierta, abierta y deforestada. La evaluación en la exactitud en la clasificación de densidad de cobertura fue estimada a través de muestreos en campo, empleando matrices de confusión, siendo del 95%. A partir de 2003, este método ha sido utilizado para determinar el pago por servicios ambientales. Dicho pago, junto con una gran interacción con las comunidades, se ha traducido en una reducción en la degradación forestal y la deforestación en la zona núcleo de la Reserva.</p>
The practice of “de-genrification” of the Turkish film criticism in the late 1950’s: The critical receptions and the aesthetic analysis of melodramas like Three Friends (1958) and Port of the Lonely (1959)<p>1950’ler sonu Türk sinema eleştirisinin “türsüzleştirme” uygulaması: Üç Arkadaş (1958) ve Yalnızlar Rıhtımı (1959) melodramlarının eleştirel alımlamaları ve estetik çözümlemeleri
Authors: Yıldırım Tunç 
Published: August 2016

This article focuses on two similar examples of melodramas which are representations of the general aesthetic tendency during the genesis of Yeşilçam period (1948-1959) of the Turkish cinema. This work aims to prove that in the aforementioned era, critical discourse which categorizes, names and classifies movies, imposed the practice of de-genrification for Three Friends and Port of the Lonely. To accomplish this aim, an analysis of comparative critical reception should be done in the first stage. Secondly esthetics analysis for those two movies of the same hybrid genre (melodrama), must be presented. The hypothesis of the article is that, traditional Turkish cinema historiography which based on the repetition of director centered critical discourse will become outdated, if a new approach that focuses on film genres is approved. Analyzing those two melodramatic and realist movies which are chosen as samples from an historical perspective, and placing them rightly in the tradition of Turkish Cinema, will only be possible with a developed method which cross-reads multiple primary sources and contextualize the critical discourse on the melodrama genre. ÖzetBu makale, Türk sinemasının Yeşilçam döneminin oluşum aşamasında (1948-1959) genel estetik eğilimi temsil eden tür sineması içinde hâkim konumda olan melodram türünün iki benzer örneğine odaklanır. Çalışmanın amacı sinema türlerini isimlendiren, tasnif eden ve ayırt eden dönemin eleştirel söyleminin Üç Arkadaş ve Yalnızlar Rıhtımı melodramları söz konusu olduğunda türsüzleştirme uygulaması yaptığını kanıtlamaktır. Bunun için ilk aşamada söz konusu filmlerin karşılaştırmalı eleştirel alımlama çözümlemeleri yapılır. İkinci olarak da, aynı melez türe (melodram) giren bu iki filmin estetik çözümlemelerine yer verilir.Makalenin varsayımı, ancak tür sineması gerçeğini temel alan yeni bir yaklaşımın onaylanması halinde eleştirel söylemi genel hatlarıyla tekrar eden yönetmen merkezli geleneksel Türk sinema tarihyazımının aşılacağı yönündedir. Örneklem olarak seçilen bu iki melodramatik gerçekçi filmin tarihsel açıdan açıklanıp Türk sinema geleneği içindeki yerlerine oturtulması ancak çoklu birincil kaynakları kesiştiren ve melodram türü hakkındaki eleştirel söylemi bağlamlaştıran gelişkin bir yöntemle söz konusu olabilir.
The real time optical transmittance of swollen heterogeneous natural rubber/poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) blends
Authors: Chandran Satheesh , Panayamthatta Ashok , Varma Ravi , Athiyanathil Sujith 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This work demonstrates a novel simple method to study the accurate real time optical transparency of a crosslinked polymer blend during its swelling in good solvent. Heterogeneous natural rubber (NR) and poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) blends were used for this experiment. Aromatic solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene were used as the probe molecules. Optical transparency of the samples increases with increase in EVA content in the blends during swelling. The penetrant solvent molecular size also affects the optical transparency of the blends. This new method can effectively measure the optical transparency of polymer gels during their swelling. Also, these blends can be a promising material for optical switching.
Theoretical and experimental investigations of thermal conditions of household biogas plant
Authors: Zhelykh Vasil , Furdas Yura , Dzeryn Oleksandra 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The construction of domestic continuous bioreactor is proposed. The modeling of thermal modes of household biogas plant using graph theory was done. The correction factor taking into account with the influence of variables on its value was determined. The system of balance equations for the desired thermal conditions in the bioreactor was presented.
The graphical and analytical capabilities were represented that can be applied in the design of domestic biogas plants of organic waste recycling.
European tendencies and co-operation in the field of ITS systems - national achievements and challenges in Hungary
Authors: Lindenbach Ágnes 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The article presents the role of intelligent transport systems/services related to the implementation of the essential European and Hungarian transport policy objectives. The ‘ITS Directive’ will provide a framework for the tasks/works to be performed in the forthcoming years within the priority areas of ITS. The European Commission published regulations / specifications for the priority actions in the form of delegated acts defining the tasks/responsibilities of Member States. Regional/European co-operation for Hungary started after the EU-accession of the country. Hungary was an active partner within the European CONNECT and EasyWay projects, currently Hungary is a member of the CROCODILE consortium.