bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide identification and characterization of genes involved in carotenoid metabolic in three stages of grapevine fruit development
Authors: Leng Xiangpeng , Wang Peipei , Wang Chen , Zhu Xudong , Li Xiaopeng , Li Hongyan , Mu Qian , Li Ao , Liu Zhongjie , Fang Jinggui 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCarotenoids not only play indispensable roles in plant growth and development but also enhance nutritional value and health benefits for humans. In this study, total carotenoids progressively decreased during fruit ripening. Fifty-four genes involving in mevalonate (MVA), 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP), carotenoid biosynthesis and catabolism pathway were identified. The expression levels of most of the carotenoid metabolism related genes kept changing during fruit ripening generating a metabolic flux toward carotenoid synthesis. Down regulation of VvDXS, VvDXR, VvGGPPS and VvPSY and a dramatic increase in the transcription levels of VvCCD might be responsible for the reduction of carotenoids content. The visible correlation between carotenoid content and gene expression profiles suggested that transcriptional regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis pathway genes is a key mechanism of carotenoid accumulation. In addition, the decline of carotenoids was also accompanied with the reduction of chlorophyll content. The reduction of chlorophyll content might be due to the obstruction in chlorophyll synthesis and acceleration of chlorophyll degradation. These results will be helpful for better understanding of carotenoid biosynthesis in grapevine fruit and contribute to the development of conventional and transgenic grapevine cultivars for further enrichment of carotenoid content.
Aberrant activation of the human sex-determining gene in early embryonic development results in postnatal growth retardation and lethality in mice
Authors: Kido Tatsuo , Sun Zhaoyu , Lau Yun-Fai Chris 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSexual dimorphisms are prevalent in development, physiology and diseases in humans. Currently, the contributions of the genes on the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY) in these processes are uncertain. Using a transgene activation system, the human sex-determining gene hSRY is activated in the single-cell embryos of the mouse. Pups with hSRY activated (hSRYON) are born of similar sizes as those of non-activated controls. However, they retard significantly in postnatal growth and development and all die of multi-organ failure before two weeks of age. Pathological and molecular analyses indicate that hSRYON pups lack innate suckling activities, and develop fatty liver disease, arrested alveologenesis in the lung, impaired neurogenesis in the brain and occasional myocardial fibrosis and minimized thymus development. Transcriptome analysis shows that, in addition to those unique to the respective organs, various cell growth and survival pathways and functions are differentially affected in the transgenic mice. These observations suggest that ectopic activation of a Y-located SRY gene could exert male-specific effects in development and physiology of multiple organs, thereby contributing to sexual dimorphisms in normal biological functions and disease processes in affected individuals.
Magnetisation switching of FePt nanoparticle recording medium by femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: John R. , Berritta M. , Hinzke D. , Müller C. , Santos T. , Ulrichs H. , Nieves P. , Walowski J. , Mondal R. , Chubykalo-Fesenko O. , McCord J. , Oppeneer P. M. , Nowak U. , Münzenberg M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractManipulation of magnetisation with ultrashort laser pulses is promising for information storage device applications. The dynamics of the magnetisation response depends on the energy transfer from the photons to the spins during the initial laser excitation. A material of special interest for magnetic storage are FePt nanoparticles, for which switching of the magnetisation with optical angular momentum was demonstrated recently. The mechanism remained unclear. Here we investigate experimentally and theoretically the all-optical switching of FePt nanoparticles. We show that the magnetisation switching is a stochastic process. We develop a complete multiscale model which allows us to optimize the number of laser shots needed to switch the magnetisation of high anisotropy FePt nanoparticles in our experiments. We conclude that only angular momentum induced optically by the inverse Faraday effect will provide switching with one single femtosecond laser pulse.
Active translocation of a semiflexible polymer assisted by an ATP-based molecular motor
Authors: Fiasconaro A. , Mazo J. J. , Falo F. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this work we study the assisted translocation of a polymer across a membrane nanopore, inside which a molecular motor exerts a force fuelled by the hydrolysis of ATP molecules. In our model the motor switches to its active state for a fixed amount of time, while it waits for an ATP molecule which triggers the motor, during an exponentially distributed time lapse. The polymer is modelled as a beads-springs chain with both excluded volume and bending contributions, and moves in a stochastic three dimensional environment modelled with a Langevin dynamics at a fixed temperature. The resulting dynamics shows a Michaelis-Menten translocation velocity that depends on the chain flexibility. The scaling behavior of the mean translocation time with the polymer length for different bending values is also investigated.
Enhanced Atomic Desorption of 209 and 210 Francium from Organic Coating
Authors: Agustsson Steinn , Bianchi Giovanni , Calabrese Roberto , Corradi Lorenzo , Dainelli Antonio , Khanbekyan Alen , Marinelli Carmela , Mariotti Emilio , Marmugi Luca , Ricci Leonardo , Stiaccini Leonardo , Tomassetti Luca , Vanella Andrea 
Published: June 2017

AbstractControlled atomic desorption from organic Poly-DiMethylSiloxane coating is demonstrated for improving the loading efficiency of 209,210Fr magneto-optical traps. A three times increase in the cold atoms population is obtained with contact-less pulsed light-induced desorption, applied to different isotopes, either bosonic or fermionic, of Francium. A six times increase of 210Fr population is obtained with a desorption mechanism based on direct charge transfer from a triboelectric probe to the adatom-organic coating complex. Our findings provide new insight on the microscopic mechanisms of atomic desorption from organic coatings. Our results, obtained at room temperature so as to preserve ideal vacuum conditions, represent concrete alternatives, independent from the atomic species in use, for high-efficiency laser cooling in critical conditions.
Current Induced Resistive State in Fe(Se,Te) Superconducting Nanostrips
Authors: Nappi Ciro , Camerlingo Carlo , Enrico Emanuele , Bellingeri Emilio , Braccini Valeria , Ferdeghini Carlo , Sarnelli Ettore 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe study the current-voltage characteristics of Fe(Se,Te) thin films deposited on CaF2 substrates in form of nanostrips (width w ~ λ, λ the London penetration length). In view of a possible application of these materials to superconductive electronics and micro-electronics we focus on transport properties in small magnetic field, the one generated by the bias current. From the characteristics taken at different temperatures we derive estimates for the pinning potential U and the pinning potential range δ for the magnetic flux lines (vortices). Since the sample lines are very narrow, the classical creep flow model provides a sufficiently accurate interpretation of the data only when the attractive interaction between magnetic flux lines of opposite sign is taken into account. The observed voltages and the induced depression of the critical current of the nanostrips are compatible with the presence of a low number ($$\lesssim 10$$

<
˜

10
) magnetic field lines at the equilibrium, a strongly inhomogeneous current density distribution at the two ends of the strips and a reduced Bean Livingston barrier. In particular, we argue that the sharp corners defining the bridge geometry represent points of easy magnetic flux lines injection. The results are relevant for creep flow analysis in superconducting Fe(Se,Te) nanostrips.
Identifying community thresholds for lotic benthic diatoms in response to human disturbance
Authors: Tang Tao , Tang Ting , Tan Lu , Gu Yuan , Jiang Wanxiang , Cai Qinghua 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAlthough human disturbance indirectly influences lotic assemblages through modifying physical and chemical conditions, identifying thresholds of human disturbance would provide direct evidence for preventing anthropogenic degradation of biological conditions. In the present study, we used data obtained from tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir in China to detect effects of human disturbance on streams and to identify disturbance thresholds for benthic diatoms. Diatom species composition was significantly affected by three in-stream stressors including TP, TN and pH. Diatoms were also influenced by watershed % farmland and natural environmental variables. Considering three in-stream stressors, TP was positively influenced by % farmland and % impervious surface area (ISA). In contrast, TN and pH were principally affected by natural environmental variables. Among measured natural environmental variables, average annual air temperature, average annual precipitation, and topsoil % CaCO3, % gravel, and total exchangeable bases had significant effects on study streams. When effects of natural variables were accounted for, substantial compositional changes in diatoms occurred when farmland or ISA land use exceeded 25% or 0.3%, respectively. Our study demonstrated the rationale for identifying thresholds of human disturbance for lotic assemblages and addressed the importance of accounting for effects of natural factors for accurate disturbance thresholds.
Brain-to-brain entrainment: EEG interbrain synchronization while speaking and listening
Authors: Pérez Alejandro , Carreiras Manuel , Duñabeitia Jon Andoni 
Published: June 2017

AbstractElectroencephalographic hyperscanning was used to investigate interbrain synchronization patterns in dyads of participants interacting through speech. Results show that brain oscillations are synchronized between listener and speaker during oral narratives. This interpersonal synchronization is mediated in part by a lower-level sensory mechanism of speech-to-brain synchronization, but also by the interactive process that takes place in the situation per se. These results demonstrate the existence of brain-to-brain entrainment which is not merely an epiphenomenon of auditory processing, during listening to one speaker. The study highlights the validity of the two-person neuroscience framework for understanding induced brain activity, and suggests that verbal information exchange cannot be fully understood by examining the listener’s or speaker’s brain activity in isolation.
Optimal surveillance strategies for bovine tuberculosis in a low-prevalence country
Authors: VanderWaal Kimberly , Enns Eva A. , Picasso Catalina , Alvarez Julio , Perez Andres , Fernandez Federico , Gil Andres , Craft Meggan , Wells Scott 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic disease of cattle that is difficult to control and eradicate in part due to the costly nature of surveillance and poor sensitivity of diagnostic tests. Like many countries, bTB prevalence in Uruguay has gradually declined to low levels due to intensive surveillance and control efforts over the past decades. In low prevalence settings, broad-based surveillance strategies based on routine testing may not be the most cost-effective way for controlling between-farm bTB transmission, while targeted surveillance aimed at high-risk farms may be more efficient for this purpose. To investigate the efficacy of targeted surveillance, we developed an integrated within- and between-farm bTB transmission model utilizing data from Uruguay’s comprehensive animal movement database. A genetic algorithm was used to fit uncertain parameter values, such as the animal-level sensitivity of skin testing and slaughter inspection, to observed bTB epidemiological data. Of ten alternative surveillance strategies evaluated, a strategy based on eliminating testing in low-risk farms resulted in a 40% reduction in sampling effort without increasing bTB incidence. These results can inform the design of more cost-effective surveillance programs to detect and control bTB in Uruguay and other countries with low bTB prevalence.
Crucial role of 4-deoxy-L-erythro-5-hexoseulose uronate reductase for alginate utilization revealed by adaptive evolution in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Matsuoka Fumiya , Hirayama Makoto , Kashihara Takayuki , Tanaka Hideki , Hashimoto Wataru , Murata Kousaku , Kawai Shigeyuki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn brown macroalgae, alginate and D-mannitol are promising carbohydrates for biorefinery.Saccharomyces cerevisiaeis widely used as a microbial cell factory, but this budding yeast is unable to utilize either alginate or D-mannitol. Alginate can be depolymerized by both endo-type and exo-type alginate lyases, yielding a monouronate, 4-deoxy-L-erythro-5-hexoseulose uronate (DEH), a key intermediate in the metabolism of alginate. Here, we constructed engineered twoS. cerevisiaestrains that are able to utilize both DEH and D-mannitol on two different strain backgrounds, and we also improved their aerobic growth in a DEH liquid medium through adaptive evolution. In both evolved strains, one of the causal mutations was surprisingly identical, a c.50A > G mutation in the codon-optimized NAD(P)H-dependent DEH reductase gene, one of the 4 genes introduced to confer the capacity to utilize DEH. This mutation resulted in an E17G substitution at a loop structure near the coenzyme-binding site of this reductase, and enhanced the reductase activity and aerobic growth in both evolved strains. Thus, the crucial role for this reductase reaction in the metabolism of DEH in the engineeredS. cerevisiaeis demonstrated, and this finding provides significant information for synthetic construction of aS. cerevisiaestrain as a platform for alginate utilization.
Prednisolone induces apoptosis in corneal epithelial cells through the intrinsic pathway
Authors: Ryu Jin Suk , Ko Jung Hwa , Kim Mee Kum , Wee Won Ryang , Oh Joo Youn 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGlucocorticoid eye drops are one of the most widely used medications in ophthalmology. However, little is known about the effects of glucocorticoids on corneal epithelial cells that are directly exposed to topically-administered glucocorticoids. Here we investigated the effects of prednisolone, a synthetic glucocorticoid analogue frequently used in the clinic, on corneal epithelial cells. Results showed that prednisolone decreased survival of corneal epithelial cells by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), cleaved caspase-3, and -9 were increased by prednisolone. The effects of prednisolone on apoptosis and mtROS were blocked 1) by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist RU-38486, 2) in cells with GR siRNA knockdown, and 3) by treatment with N-acetylcysteine. Transcript levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were increased in corneal epithelial cells upon hyperosmolar stress, but repressed by prednisolone. In NOD.B10.H2bmice, topical administration of 1% prednisolone increased apoptotic cells in the corneal epithelium. Together, data indicate that prednisolone induces apoptosis in corneal epithelial cells through GR and the intrinsic pathway involving mtROS, caspase-9, and -3. The pro-apoptotic effects of glucocorticoids along with their anti-inflammatory effects should be considered when glucocorticoid eye drops are used in patients with ocular surface disease.
Recurrent background mutations in WHI2 impair proteostasis and degradation of misfolded cytosolic proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Comyn Sophie A. , Flibotte Stéphane , Mayor Thibault 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProteostasis promotes viability at both the cellular and organism levels by maintaining a functional proteome. This requires an intricate protein quality control (PQC) network that mediates protein folding by molecular chaperones and removes terminally misfolded proteins via the ubiquitin proteasome system and autophagy. How changes within the PQC network can perturb proteostasis and shift the balance between protein folding and proteolysis remain poorly understood. However, given that proteostasis is altered in a number of conditions such as cancer and ageing, it is critical that we identify the factors that mediate PQC and understand the interplay between members of the proteostatic network. In this study, we investigated the degradation of a thermally unstable cytosolic model substrate and identified a surprisingly high number of strains in the yeast knockout collection that displayed impaired turnover of the misfolded substrate. We found that this phenotype was caused by frequent background mutations in the general stress response geneWHI2. We linked this proteostatic defect to the lack of activity of the stress response transcription factor Msn2, potentially under conditions where the TOR pathway is active. Our results underscore how changes to the elaborate PQC network can perturb proteostasis and impair degradation of misfolded cytosolic proteins.
The Value of Speech-Language Pathologists in Concussion Management
Authors: Ketcham Caroline , Bowie Melissa , Buckley Thomas , Baker Martin , Patel Kirtida , Hall Eric 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Objective The goal of this article is to make a case for the value of a speech-language pathologist (SLP) to be considered for inclusion on a concussion management team in a consultant capacity and resource for student-athletes during the return-to-learn process particularly at the high school or collegiate level where they may already be on staff or affiliated. SLPs have the skills and expertise to address difficulties and provide structured strategies to address symptoms of a concussion that affect cognitive processing, attention, and focus which often are impacted during recovery from a concussion. These skills alongside an athletic trainer/school nurse will provide a mechanism for student-athletes to be monitored and have a resource through the return-to-learn and return-to-play process.
Wer sollte zur Darmkrebsfrüherkennung bei familiärem Risiko informieren? – Die Sicht der Betroffenen
Authors: Plath Jasper , Siebenhofer Andrea , Schulz-Rothe Sylvia , Güthlin Corina 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bei familiärem Risiko für Darmkrebs wird eine Früherkennungskoloskopie bereits vor dem Alter von 55 Jahren empfohlen. Ziel der Untersuchung war die Befragung von Betroffenen im Alter von 40 bis 54 Jahren, ob sie sich bereits zur Früherkennung informiert haben und durch welche Institutionen oder Medien sie informiert werden möchten.
Methode Analyse von Daten aus einer Querschnittstudie: Personen mit familiärem Risiko für Darmkrebs wurden hinsichtlich der genannten Fragestellungen schriftlich im hausärztlichen Setting befragt.
Ergebnisse In der Studie nahmen 191 Personen mit familiärem Risiko für Darmkrebs teil: 59,6% hatten sich bereits zur Früherkennung von Darmkrebs informiert, davon 67,0% über die ärztliche Versorgung. Die Mehrzahl wünscht sich Informationen zur Darmkrebsfrüherkennung vom Hausarzt (98,9% trifft vollständig zu/trifft eher zu) sowie von der Krankenversicherung (74,5% trifft vollständig zu/trifft eher zu). Eher keine Informationen wünschen sich Teilnehmer von öffentlichen Einrichtungen wie dem Gesundheitsamt (69,5% trifft nicht zu/trifft eher nicht zu) und privaten Organisationen wie Selbsthilfegruppen (80,9% trifft nicht zu/trifft eher nicht zu). Etwa die Hälfte bevorzugt Informationen über das Fernsehen. Männer wünschen sich häufiger als Frauen Informationen über das Internet (trifft vollständig zu/trifft eher zu: 66,7 vs. 43,8%) oder Zeitungen und Zeitschriften (trifft vollständig zu/trifft eher zu: 53,6 vs. 41,8%).
Schlussfolgerung Eine im hausärztlichen Setting durchgeführte Befragung ergab, dass sich bereits mehr als die Hälfte der betroffenen Personen zur Früherkennung von Darmkrebs informiert hatten. Das Setting der Befragung kann dazu beigetragen haben, dass der Hausarzt bei den bevorzugten Informationsquellen an erster Stelle genannt wurde. Weiterhin zeigen diese Ergebnisse einer deutschlandweit einzigartigen Kohorte im Alter von 40 bis 54 Jahren mit familiärem Risiko für Darmkrebs, dass das bisherige Informationsverhalten nicht überdurchschnittlich ausgeprägt war und dass Männer und Frauen durchaus auf unterschiedlichen Wegen angesprochen werden können.
Reformulating the problem of translatability
Authors: Cranfield Steven , Tedesco Claudio 
Published: June 2017

AbstractForms of collaboration are particularly prevalent in translation of literature, especially of poetry, where the synergy of different perspectives of co-participants may be among the essential ingredients for creative success. In this study, we explore the dynamics of a collaborative translation into English of the contemporary Spanish poet Francisco Brines, addressing how certain key questions of translational practice, including the translation of gender values, can be fruitfully problematised and resolved in a theoretically grounded collaborative approach. In elucidating these dynamics, including those which destabilise and generate knowledge, we use the notion of translaboration, synthesising concepts drawn from activity theory and communities of practice theory. We illustrate and review this notion through a critical narrative of selected aspects of the translational work.
Implementation of a scalable, web-based, automated clinical decision support
risk-prediction tool for chronic kidney disease using C-CDA and application programming
interfaces
Authors: Samal Lipika , D’Amore John D , Bates David W , Wright Adam 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background and Objective
Clinical decision support tools for risk prediction are readily available, but typically require workflow interruptions and manual data entry so are rarely used. Due to new data interoperability standards for electronic health records (EHRs), other options are available. As a clinical case study, we sought to build a scalable, web-based system that would automate calculation of kidney failure risk and display clinical decision support to users in primary care practices.

Materials and Methods
We developed a single-page application, web server, database, and application programming interface to calculate and display kidney failure risk. Data were extracted from the EHR using the Consolidated Clinical Document Architecture interoperability standard for Continuity of Care Documents (CCDs). EHR users were presented with a noninterruptive alert on the patient’s summary screen and a hyperlink to details and recommendations provided through a web application. Clinic schedules and CCDs were retrieved using existing application programming interfaces to the EHR, and we provided a clinical decision support hyperlink to the EHR as a service.

Results
We debugged a series of terminology and technical issues. The application was validated with data from 255 patients and subsequently deployed to 10 primary care clinics where, over the course of 1 year, 569 533 CCD documents were processed.

Conclusions
We validated the use of interoperable documents and open-source components to develop a low-cost tool for automated clinical decision support. Since Consolidated Clinical Document Architecture–based data extraction extends to any certified EHR, this demonstrates a successful modular approach to clinical decision support.