bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and determinants of substance abuse among youth in Central Kerala, India
Authors: Raphael Lucy , Raveendran Rini , M. V. Sajna 
Published: February 2017

Background: Substance abuse in various forms has been a social problem in various forms for many centuries. Kerala shows a high prevalence in alcoholism and is ranked top in India. This study is aimed at finding the prevalence and determinants of substance abuse among youth in central part of Kerala in South India.Methods: A community based study was done with 402 college student participants using a self- administered pretested semi structured questionnaire. Data was entered into microsoft excel and analysed using Epiinfo3.5.3.Results: Out of 402 students, 31.8% used or abused any one of the substances (alcohol, smoking, pan chewing) irrespective of time and frequency in lifetime. Age, gender, place of residence, attitude towards ban were significantly associated with substance abuse.Conclusions: The alarming trend of substance abuse among the youth reveals the urgent need to curb the menace. Adolescent counselling sessions might ensure preventing such behaviour from being inculcated in early adolescence.
An epidemiological study of postnatal depression among women availing maternal health services in rural areas of Belagavi, Karnataka, India
Authors: K. Kruthika , Udayar Sharavanan Eshwaran , Mallapur M. D. 
Published: February 2017

Background: Postnatal depression is an important public health issue exhibiting the strongest link to adverse child outcomes and also maternal morbidity. Objectives were to study the prevalence of Postnatal depression among mothers and to identify the factors associated with depressive symptoms among post-natal mothers.Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to June 2016 in two rural areas among 300 women attending immunisation clinics in the Primary health centre with postpartum period less than 3 months were included in the study. Edinburgh Postnatal depression scale was used to for identifying mothers at risk of postnatal depression. A score of ≥13 was considered as positive for depressive symptoms.Results: The prevalence of Post-natal depression 41 (13.6%). Factors like age, literacy status, socio economic status, gravidity, sex of newborn, mode of delivery and unplanned pregnancy were significantly associated with the prevalence of postnatal depression.Conclusions: Early screening of the women and counselling of women and their family will reduce the maternal morbidity and adverse child outcomes.
An epidemiological study into risk factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among young and adult population in rural Pondicherry, India
Authors: Datta Shib Sekhar , Kanna R. Rupesh , Rangaswamy Surendar , S. Rajkumar 
Published: February 2017

Background: Suicide is one of the major public health problems in low and middle income countries. However, information about causes and risk factors are insufficient. Objectives of the study were to find out prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among young and adult population in rural Pondicherry and to analyse the risk factors qualitatively.Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 18-44 years’ population in rural Pondicherry during January to June 2012. Total 200 subjects were interviewed by house to house visit. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, concurrent illness, family and personal history were obtained. Factors contributing to suicidal ideation and attempt were collected through FGDs, free listing and pile sorting exercise. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Qualitative data analyzed using Anthropac 4.98.1/X software.Results: 8% subjects had ever attempted and 7.5% had ideas of suicide. Suicidal ideation/ attempt were more among males and 36-45 years group. Physical disability, infertility/sterility and chronic illness were significantly associated with suicidal ideation or attempt. Family dispute, history of beaten by spouse and family history of suicide/attempt was significantly associated with ideation. Alcoholism, failed relationship, physical abuses were strongly associated with ideas of suicide or attempt. Risk factors for males include failed relationships, more than one wife, family dispute, alcoholism etc. Risk factors for females include failed relationship, poor performance in exam, quarrel with friends, unemployment, alcoholic husband, pressure for dowry, extramarital relationship by husband etc.Conclusions: Suicidal attempt and ideation rates were high in study area and demand population based mental health interventions to reduce population suicide rates.
Relationship of dental caries and BMI among pre-school children of Bangalore city, India: a cross sectional study
Authors: N. Vanishree , Narayan Rosa R. , N. Naveen , M. Anushri , D. Vignesh , M. P. Neethi Raveendran 
Published: February 2017

Background: Dental caries in young children is commonly untreated representing a public health problem and has also reported to affect their anthropometric outcomes, but the evidence is conflicting. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dental caries and BMI in pre-school children of Bangalore City.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 208 healthy preschool children with the age range of 3-5 years recruited from nursery schools of Bangalore City. The Anthropometric measurements, weight and height were evaluated by calculating the z-scores using WHO Anthro software to elucidate the subject’s status on the age- and sex-specific growth chart. Every Child who has received two Z-scores under the normal value (<-2) was considered as abnormal (deficient). The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. The statistical tests used were t-test and correlation analysis.Results: Dental caries prevalence was 65.7% with a mean dental caries score of 2.24±2.57. Among the study participants 32.7% were underweight (WAZ score), 46.6% had height deficiency (HAZ score) and 47.6% had BMI deficiency (BAZ score). There was significant positive correlation found between dental caries experience and children’s WAZ (Weight for age) [r=0.102, p=0.040] and BAZ (BMI for age) [r= 0.761, p= 0.032].Conclusions: This study showed that lesser percentage of the participants had deficient height, weight and BMI. As the weight and BMI increased there was a significant increase in the number of caries and fillings among the participants.
Tibial tunnel positioning on lateral radiographs in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a single surgeon experience
Authors: Duarte Silva Luís , Maia Bruno , Ferreira Eduardo Cruz , Pires Filipa , Camarinha Luís 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Accurate tunnel positioning in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery is one of the cornerstones for its success. However, it is still controversial and target of disagreement within the orthopedic literature. Therefore, it was aimed to evaluate the tibial tunnel placement in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgeries of a single orthopedic surgeon.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The postoperative knee sagittal radiographs of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed knees from a single surgeon were retrospectively collected. To assess the tunnel positions was used predefined criteria (in percentage and in millimeters) within the intervals found in the literature (41-43 percent and 21-23 millimeters).<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There were no significant differences between the number of results (% and mm), within and without the intervals that were considered acceptable for this measure (P &gt;0.05). It was found significant differences in the absolute deviation (%) throughout non-consecutive years (P &lt;0.05). There was no correlation between the absolute deviations and the years of experience (r =-0.080, P =0.663).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Significant differences were found in the absolute deviation (%) throughout non-consecutive years, suggesting variations in the tunnel position throughout the years. </p>
A clinical study of closed reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation of displaced supracondylar fractures of humerus in children
Authors: Asimuddin Mohammad , Kulkarni Raju H. 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Supracondylar fractures of the humerus are the most common fracture pattern of the elbow in children. Displaced supracondylar fractures are notorious for difficulty in reduction, maintenance of reduction and frequent involvement of neurovascular structures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of stabilization of these fractures by closed reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Thirty cases of displaced supracondylar humerus fractures were included in the study. The mean age of the patient was 8.3 years [ranges from 4-14 years]. The male to female ratio was 2:1 and left side was involved in 23 cases whereas 7 had right sided injuries. All fractures were of extension type [Gartland’s type III]. Posteromedial displacement was noted in 22 cases whereas 8 fractures were posterolaterally displaced. In 20 cases, lateral entry wires alone were used whereas in 10 cases one lateral and one medial K-wire were used. K- wires were removed after 3 weeks post-operatively and follow-up was done at 6 weeks,12 weeks, 6 months and 12 months, when they were evaluated according to Flynn’s criteria.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Results were graded using Flynn’s criteria. Excellent results were achieved in 18 [60%], good in 6 [20%] fair in 4 [13.3%], while poor results were seen in 2 [6.7%] patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Closed reduction and percutaneous fixation using Kirschner wires is a safe and efficient method for fixation of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. </p>
A comparative study of 70 cases of inter-trochanteric fracture femur treated with dynamic hip screw and proximal femoral nailing
Authors: Singla Gaurav 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Inter-trochanteric fracture femur is a common and grievous injury, mostly suffered in elderly people. It accounts for approximately half of hip fractures in elderly and out of this, more than 50% of fractures are unstable. In old age, it occurs mostly due to trivial trauma. Various procedures of internal fixation had been proposed as a treatment. DHS considered to be the standard procedure for comparison of outcomes. The advantage of proximal femur nailing fixation is that it provides a more biomechanically stable construct by reducing the distance between hip joint and implant. The goal of this study is to compare the clinical and radio-graphical results of the DHS and PFN for the treatment of Intertrochanteric hip fractures (load bearing vs. load sharing).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Seventy patients (more than 55 years old) presented to Adesh Hospital from March 2015 to November 2015 with trochanteric fracture femur. Patients were treated with osteosynthesis with dynamic hip screw (DHS) and proximal femoral nailing (PFN). The clinical results were compared between the dynamic hip screw and proximal femoral nailing groups of 35 patients each. All surgeries done on traction table and were followed up at regular intervals of 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 10 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months and at 1 year.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> We observed no statistically significant difference between two groups in view of late &amp; early complications and time to union. We observed significantly better outcomes in PFN group for unstable inter-trochanteric fractures and in unstable fractures reduction loss is significantly lower in PFN group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We concluded that PFN may be the better fixation device for most unstable inter-trochanteric fractures. </p>
Control Bus System and Application of Building Electric
Authors: Zhai Long , Tan Bin , Ren Min 
Published: February 2017

<p>As the most important part of Building construction, the electric part 's intelligent control is particularly important. the most important sign of The intelligent control is the application of control bus system, only select the appropriate control bus system, and achieve intelligent applications in buildings, elevators, fire, visualization, etc., can meet the household needs. Firstly, the design principle of the electrical control system will be described, and then the CAN - based bus system control principle and application are discussed, only used for reference.</p>
Adaptive management: from ecology to public administration
Authors: Gogu Madalina-Cristina 
Published: February 2017

Plants, organisms, and the environment in which they live influence one another, and on this relationship depends the survival of a species. Man recently started paying special attention to ecology: this fact has led to the development of adaptive management as an answer to the unpredictable development of the species and has also highlighted the importance of protecting the environment. This paper presents a theoretical and a practical perspective on the adaptive management which is applied in ecosystems and shows the possibilities for implementing adaptive management in public administration, thus transforming it into an adaptive administration with added use of adaptive administration theory. The aim of this work is to approach adaptive management from a historical point of view and to follow its transference from ecology to public administration. The expected result is that public managers will develop new methods to manage public administration for the benefit of the citizens.
Keywords: ecosystems, public administration, adaptive management
Emergency situations, adaptive management and national health strategies
Authors: Gogu Madalina-Cristina 
Published: February 2017

Terrible natural disasters or dangerous human activities endanger the life and health of the population. The increased frequency of these events prompts the population to exert greater pressure on public managers to rethink, to innovate, and to adapt management in the field of health to the ever-changing environment. The National Health Strategy and the National Strategy for Preventing Emergency Situations are the instruments that manage the life and health of the population in dangerous situations. Managers in the fields of health and emergency situations could develop new ways to manage strategies and public institutions by applying adaptive management in order to better protect the life and health of the population. The aim of this paper consists in presenting that, by applying strategic and adaptive management in the public sector in the fields of health and emergency situations in Romania, public managers can better serve the needs of the citizens.
Keywords: public administration, national health strategy, emergency situations, adaptive management
Tratamento endodôntico de primeiro pré-molar inferior com três canais: relato de caso
Authors: Endo Marcos Sergio , Tomazoli Aline Thomazelli Peres , Queiroz Alfredo Franco , De Morais Carlos Alberto Herrero , Pavan Nair Narumi Orita 
Published: February 2017

O conhecimento da anatomia dos canais radiculares é um pré-requisito para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico. Pré-molares inferiores têm revelado anatomias anômalas. A ocorrência de três canais com forames independentes (tipo VIII, Vertucci) em pré-molares inferiores é muito rara. Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar e discutir sobre o tratamento endodôntico de um primeiro pré-molar inferior com três canais radiculares. Paciente de 43 anos relatava dor à mastigação no primeiro pré-molar inferior direito. Clinicamente, apresentava fratura da parede ocluso-distal, cárie no remanescente coronário e exposição da câmara pulpar. Ao teste de sensibilidade pulpar foi verificada resposta negativa e à percussão vertical o dente respondeu positivamente. Radiograficamente observou-se uma bifurcação radicular ao nível do terço médio, sugerindo canais extras e radiolucidez periapical. O diagnóstico foi de necrose pulpar e lesão periapical crônica, com necessidade de tratamento endodôntico. Após anestesia, realizou-se a remoção de tecido cariado e adequada forma de conveniência. O tratamento foi realizado em uma única sessão por meio de localizador eletrônico foraminal e sistema rotatório Mtwo, sendo o diâmetro cirúrgico 25.06 nos canais vestibulares e 30.05 no canal lingual. A substância irrigadora empregada foi o hipoclorito de sódio 2,5%. Os canais foram obturados com cones de guta-percha e Endomethasone utilizando a técnica de condensação lateral. Em seguida foi realizada a restauração provisória e radiografia final. Concluiu-se que o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico, envolvendo o primeiro pré-molar inferior com três canais, requer do dentista um vasto conhecimento anatômico e uma investigação detalhada do caso a ser tratado.Descritores: Anatomia; Endodontia; Tratamento do Canal Radicular; Dente Pré-Molar.
O QUE É CIÊNCIA? CONCEPÇÕES DE LICENCIANDOS EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS E QUÍMICA
Authors: Goldschmidt Andrea Inês , Silva Nathália Vieira , Murça Jenyffer Soares Estival , Prado de Freitas Brucce Sanderson 
Published: February 2017

<p class="Padro"><span>A Natureza da Ciência (NdC) refere-se à Epistemologia da Ciência, estando associada a dois elementos: a prática de fazer ciência e o conhecimento produzido. Assim, é fundamental contribuir para a educação científica, em especial daqueles em formação docente, uma vez que estes auxiliarão na divulgação e construção destas ideias. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar a presença das concepções sobre NdC entre acadêmicos dos cursos de graduação (licenciatura) em Ciências Biológicas e Química, da Universidade XXX. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi aplicada a 30% dos acadêmicos de ambos os cursos. O instrumento de pesquisa constou em um registro de desenho acerca da pergunta estabelecida: “O que é Ciência?”, tendo sido permitido um tempo de um minuto. Após, o material foi coletado e analisado seguindo a análise de conteúdo por categorização. Os resultados mostraram que a Ciência é tida principalmente como uma atividade experimental e quase específica de laboratório, mostrando uma visão reducionista da NdC. Pode-se inferir ainda que a visão de Ciência é orientada de acordo com a maneira que a área se estrutura bem como pela forma que ela se relaciona com seus objetos de estudo, mostrando uma visão fragmentada do conhecimento. </span></p>
Impact of granular filtration on ultrafiltration membrane performance as pre-treatment to seawater desalination in presence of algal blooms
Authors: Sabiri Nour-Eddine , Séchet Véronique , Jaouen Pascal , Pontié Maxime , Massé Anthony , Plantier Séverine 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
To mitigate fouling of the ultrafiltration (UF) membrane and improve permeate quality, we coupled granular filters (GF) with UF membrane as a pre-treatment for reconstituted seawater in the presence of algal bloom. Mono and bilayer granular filtrations were led at a mean velocity of 10 m h−1 over a 7-hour period. Both GF gave the same algal cell retention rate (∼63%) after 7 hours of filtration. Turbidity reduction rate was 50% for the monolayer filter and 75% for the bilayer filter. Resulting organic matter removal rate was 10% for the monolayer filter and 35% for the bilayer filter. Dissolved organic carbon removal was low (20%) with the bilayer filter and non-existent with the monolayer filter. GF-coupled UF reduced humic acids in the permeate (20%) compared with UF alone. Peak pressure of 3 bars was reached at the end of 30 minutes of UF in both direct UF or UF after monolayer GF. The filtrate from the bilayer GF enables UF over a longer period (7 hours).
Pilot-scale test of industrial wastewater treatment by UASB and MBR using a ceramic flat sheet membrane for water reuse
Authors: Niwa Terutake , Yamashita Takuya , Mitsumizo Masataka , Takahashi Masanobu , Hatamoto Masashi , Yamaguchi Takashi , Kekre Kiran A. , Lin Li L. , Tao Guihe , Seah Harry 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A pilot plant was studied to investigate a new method for reclaiming wastewater from the industrial area of Jurong, producing high quality water from it for industrial reuse. The new process used an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and a membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a submerged ceramic flat sheet membrane. The feedwater from the chamber with the industrial wastewater was high in chemical oxygen demand (COD), which varied between 644 and 2,380 mg L–1 and had a pH range of 6.7–7.1. The MBR process was operated in series at a flux of 18–25 Lm–2 h–1 for 100 days. The average COD and the biological oxygen demand of products of the above system were 155 and 9 mg L–1, respectively. The results of this study indicated that a UASB-ceramic MBR process was capable of stably producing high quality water for industrial reuse from industrial wastewater.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR GEOMETRI FRAKTAL BERBASIS EKSPERIMEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI MAHASISWA
Authors: Juniati Dwi , Budayasa I Ketut 
Published: February 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar geometri Fraktal yang berbasis eksperimen untuk meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model Thiagarajan, Semmel & Semmel. Subyek penelitian adalah mahasiswa matematika Universitas Negeri Surabaya (Unesa) yang memrogram geometri Fraktal pada tahun akademik 2015/2016. Bahan ajar yang dihasilkan adalah buku dan lembar kerja mahasiswa yang berbasis eksperimen. Kegiatan eksperimen yang dirancang berbasis data yang dijumpai di lapangan dan penggunaan teknologi multimedia, berupa bermacam software dan penggunaan alat untuk pengukuran. Topik eksperimen yang diberikan adalah pembentukan spirolateral, pembentukan Fraktal dengan menggunakan obyek geometri klasik, pembentukan Fraktal dengan sistem Lindenmayer, pembentukan Fraktal dengan Sistem Fungsi teriterasi, penghitungan dimensi Fraktal dan aplikasinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dihasilkan memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis dan efektif.Geometri
CORPORATE DECISION MAKING DALAM KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI
Authors: Rismayanti Rebekka 
Published: February 2017

In an organization, decision making is anessential factor to achieve its goals. The decision-making process is a process of selecting the best alternative from many alternatives that systematically chosen as a way to resolve the problem. The decision is seen as a “choice between the alternatives” as well as a form of communication that fulfills the social expectations of the organization’s members. So the goal setting, onflow of information as well as individual’s values within the group affect the decisions made by the group itself. Then, the leadership-participation style in decision-making is the most important factor for creating the mutual understanding between both parties related to the decision.Dalam sebuah organisasi, pengambilan keputusan merupakan faktor penting untuk mencapai tujuannya. Proses pengambilan keputusan adalah proses pemilihan alternatif terbaik dari berbagai alternatif yang secara sistematis dipilih sebagai cara untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Keputusan ini dipandang sebagai “pilihan antara alternatif” serta bentuk komunikasi yang memenuhi harapan sosial dari anggota organisasi. Jadi penetapan tujuan, aliran informasi serta nilai-nilai individu dalam kelompok mempengaruhi keputusan yang dibuat oleh kelompok itu sendiri. Kemudiangaya kepemimpinan-partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan adalah faktor yang paling penting untuk menciptakan saling pengertian antara kedua belah pihak yang terkait dengan keputusan tersebut.