bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ex vivo biomechanical evaluation of pigeon (Columba livia) cadaver intact humeri and ostectomized humeri stabilized with caudally applied titanium locking plate or stainless steel nonlocking plate constructs
Authors: Darrow Brett G. , Biskup Jeffrey J. , Weigel Joseph P. , Jones Michael P. , Xie Xie , Liaw Peter K. , Tharpe Josh L. , Sharma Aashish , Penumadu Dayakar 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate mechanical properties of pigeon (Columba livia) cadaver intact humeri versus ostectomized humeri stabilized with a locking or nonlocking plate.
SAMPLE 30 humeri from pigeon cadavers.
PROCEDURES Specimens were allocated into 3 groups and tested in bending and torsion. Results for intact pigeon humeri were compared with results for ostectomized humeri repaired with a titanium 1.6-mm screw locking plate or a stainless steel 1.5-mm dynamic compression plate; the ostectomized humeri mimicked a fracture in a thin cortical bone. Locking plates were secured with locking screws (2 bicortical and 4 monocortical), and nonlocking plates were secured with bicortical nonlocking screws. Constructs were cyclically tested nondestructively in 4-point bending and then tested to failure in bending. A second set of constructs were cyclically tested non-destructively and then to failure in torsion. Stiffness, strength, and strain energy of each construct were compared.
RESULTS Intact specimens were stiffer and stronger than the repair groups for all testing methods, except for nonlocking constructs, which were significantly stiffer than intact specimens under cyclic bending. Intact bones had significantly higher strain energies than locking plates in both bending and torsion. Locking and nonlocking plates were of equal strength and strain energy, but not stiffness, in bending and were of equal strength, stiffness, and strain energy in torsion.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results for this study suggested that increased torsional strength may be needed before bone plate repair can be considered as the sole fixation method for avian species.
Distribution of T-cell markers CD4 and CD8α in lymphoid organs of healthy newborn, juvenile, and adult highland-plateau yaks
Authors: Zhang Qian , Yang Kun , Huang Yufeng , He Junfeng , Yu Sijiu , Cui Yan 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of T-cell markers (CD4 and CD8α) in lymphoid organs of newborn, juvenile, and adult yaks.
ANIMALS: 15 healthy male yaks of various ages from highland plateaus.
PROCEDURES: Yaks were allocated to groups on the basis of age (newborn [1 to 7 days old; n = 5], juvenile [5 to 7 months old; 5], and adult [3 to 4 years old; 5]). The thymus, spleen, 5 mesenteric lymph nodes, and 5 hemal nodes were harvested from each yak within 10 minutes after euthanasia. Morphological characteristics of those lymphoid organs were assessed by histologic examination; expression of CD4 and CD8α mRNAs and proteins were measured by quantitative real-time PCR assay and immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS: Among the lymphoid organs evaluated, expressions of CD4 and CD8α mRNAs were highest in the thymus in all age groups. In newborn lymphoid organs, CD4 mRNA expression and CD4+ cell distribution were more predominant, whereas in juvenile and adult lymphoid organs, CD8α mRNA expression and CD8α+ cell distribution were more predominant. The CD4+ and CD8α+ cells were mainly located in the cortex and medulla of the thymus, the medulla of the hemal nodes and mesenteric lymph nodes, the periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths, and the red pulp of the spleen.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that the CD4 mRNA expression and CD4+ T-cell distribution in yak lymphoid organs decreased and CD8α mRNA expression and CD8α+ T-cell distribution increased with age. Moreover, CD8α+ cells were present in the follicles of yaks’ secondary lymphoid organs, which differs from findings for other mammals.
Characterization of long-term elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate beads in vitro by two distinct sample collection methods
Authors: Tulipan Rachel J. , Phillips Heidi , Garrett Laura D. , Dirikolu Levent , Mitchell Mark A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize long-term elution of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CI-CSH) beads in vitro by comparing 2 distinct sample collection methods designed to mimic 2 in vivo environments.
SAMPLES 162 CI-CSH beads containing 4.6 mg of carboplatin (2.4 mg of platinum/bead).
PROCEDURES For method 1, which mimicked an in vivo environment with rapid and complete fluid exchange, each of 3 plastic 10-mL conical tubes contained 3 CI-CSH beads and 5 mL of PBS solution. Eluent samples were obtained by evacuation of all fluid at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 22, 26, and 30 days. Five milliliters of fresh PBS solution was then added to each tube. For method 2, which mimicked an in vivo environment with no fluid exchange, each of 51 tubes (ie, 3 tubes/17 sample collection times) contained 3 CI-CSH beads and 5 mL of PBS solution. Eluent samples were obtained from the assigned tubes for each time point. All samples were analyzed for platinum content by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry.
RESULTS Platinum was released from CI-CSH beads for 22 to 30 days. Significant differences were found in platinum concentration and percentage of platinum eluted from CI-CSH beads over time for each method. Platinum concentrations and elution percentages in method 2 samples were significantly higher than those of method 1 samples, except for the first hour measurements.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Sample collection methods 1 and 2 may provide estimates of the minimum and maximum platinum release, respectively, from CI-CSH beads in vivo.
Evaluation of oxygen administration with a high-flow nasal cannula to clinically normal dogs
Authors: Daly Jennifer L. , Guenther Christine L. , Haggerty Jamie M. , Keir Iain 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of oxygen administration by use of a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in sedated clinically normal dogs.
ANIMALS 6 healthy adult dogs undergoing routine dental prophylaxis.
PROCEDURES Dogs were sedated with butorphanol tartrate and dexmedetomidine. An esophageal balloon catheter was inserted into the esophagus, a double-pronged nasal cannula was inserted into the nares, and a catheter was inserted into the dorsal pedal artery. Dogs were positioned in right lateral recumbency. After a 6-minute acclimation period, baseline blood gas values and transpulmonary pressure were measured. Dogs then received supplemental oxygen via conventional oxygen therapy (COT) at a rate of 100 mL/kg/min (COT-100 treatment) and an HFNC at a rate of 20 L/min (HF-20 treatment) and 30 L/min (HF-30 treatment). Arterial blood gas and transpulmonary pressure were measured after a 6-minute acclimation period for each oxygen delivery method. Radiographs were obtained before and after oxygen administration to evaluate gastric distension.
RESULTS Median Pao2 was significantly higher for HF-20 (519.9 mm Hg) and HF-30 (538.1 mm Hg) treatments, compared with median Pao2 for the COT-100 treatment (202.9 mm Hg). The Pao2 did not differ significantly between the HF-20 and HF-30 treatments. There was no significant difference in Paco2 or change in transpulmonary pressure between baseline and any oxygen delivery method.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, HFNC appeared to be a safe and effective method for oxygen delivery to sedated healthy dogs. Further studies are needed to evaluate use of HFNCs for oxygen administration to hypoxemic patients.
Perkembangan Religi Prasejarah: Tradisi Masyarakat Gayo.
Authors: Wiradnyana Ketut 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Prehistoric Religion Development: Gayo Communities Tradition. Religion lived out by Gayo communities has been practiced since the prehistoric period. The religion of that period isevidenced from remains of activities, among others from burial remains at Loyang Mendale and Loyang Ujung Karang Sites. Burial patterns and funeral gifts are the most apparent evidences of theexistence of religion concept during the prehistoric period. The process shows a development from simple form to more complex ones, but some aspects of ancient religion can still be found in laterperiods. In an attempt to understand it, identification of archaeological remains in forms of burial remains such as human remains, artifacts, and features are used as the focus of study, and ethnoarchaeological approach will be employed in this study on the concept of religion. Thus, in general it can be said that this attempt to understand religion will use inductive flow, which is part of qualitative research method. Interviews will also be carried out to acquire concepts of ancient religions that are still recognized among the Gayo communities. This method will generate a comprehension on religions from the prehistoric period until nowadays, with ancient conceptions that are still known among contemporary communities. Abstrak. Keberadaan religi pada masyarakat Gayo sudah berlangsung sejak masa prasejarah. Pemahaman religi pada masa itu diketahui dari sisa aktivitas yang di antaranya masih dikenali dari sisa penguburan di Situs Loyang Mendale dan Loyang Ujung Karang. Pola penguburan dan bekal kubur di situs dimaksud merupakan hal yang paling jelas menunjukkan adanya konsep religi di masa Prasejarah. Di dalam prosesnya telah menunjukkan adanya perkembangan dari bentuk yang sederhana ke hal yang lebih kompleks, namun beberapa bagian dari religi lama tampaknya masih dianut hinggake masa-masa kemudian. Untuk memahami perkembangan religi tersebut, maka identifikasi tinggalan arkeologis, baik yang berupa sisa penguburan kerangka manusia, artefak ataupun fitur menjadi pusat kajian. Dalam konsep religi akan dilakukan pendekatan etnoarkeologi, sehingga secara umum dapat dikatakan bahwa pemahaman akan religi menggunakan alur induktif yang merupakan bagian dari metode penelitian kualitatif. Sejalan dengan itu dilakukan juga wawancara mendalam dalam upaya mendapatkan konsep-konsep religi lama yang masih dikenal oleh masyarakat Gayo. Metode tersebut akan menghasilkan pemahaman religi dari masa prasejarah hingga kini dan beberapa bagian dari konsepsi lama yang masih dikenal masyarakat dalam konteks religi di masa kini.
Pola Makan Masyarakat Pendukung Budaya Megalitik Besoa, Kabupaten Poso, Sulawesi Tengah.
Authors: Rahayuningsih Restu Ambar 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The Dietary Pattern of Megalithic People of Besoa, Poso District, Central Sulawesi. A dietary pattern is consisting of three fundamental elements, that is material feeding, nutrition, andeffect of consuming these foods. The dietary pattern can be seen in the presence of tartar (dental calculus) because there is a food deposit, which can be used to analyze the food material and nutrientcontent. The problem of this article is related to the dietary pattern and illness as a result of the foods being consumed. The purpose of this study is to reconstruct of megalithic people in Besoa, which livedin Poso, Central Sulawesi, based on human teeth found in kalamba No. 28 at the site of Wineki, Besoa Valley. Analysis was carried out to identify starch and nutrients (carbohydrates and proteins) fromthe residue of human teeth, and paleopathology from the teeth. The results indicate that Besoa society in the past consume rice and tubers in different diatery pattern. This differences of dietary patternresulted some dental diseases, such as dental calculus, dental caries, and attrition. Abstrak. Pola makan terdiri dari tiga hal yang mendasar, yaitu bahan makanan, nutrisi, dan efek jikamengkonsumsi makanan tersebut. Pola makan tersebut dapat dilihat pada keberadaan karang gigi (kalkulus) karena terdapat deposit makanan yang dapat digunakan untuk meneliti bahan makanan dan kandungan gizinya. Permasalahan dalam tulisan ini berkaitan dengan pola makan dan penyakit yang ditimbulkan dari bahan makanan yang dikonsumsi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merekonstruksi pola makan manusia pendukung budaya megalitik Besoa yang tinggal di wilayah Poso, Sulawesi Tengah berdasarkan temuan gigi di dalam kalamba nomor 28 di Situs Wineki, Lembah Besoa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis butir pati dan zat gizi dari residu gigi manusia, serta analisis paleopatologi, dari gigi manusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Besoa pada masa lalu mengkonsumsi padi dan umbi-umbian sebagai bahan makanan dengan pola makan yang berbeda-beda. Perbedaan pola makan tersebut mengakibatkan terjadinya beberapa penyakit gigi, seperti karang gigi, karies gigi, dan atrisi.
Sistem Informasi Arkeologi: Pangkalan Data Berbasis Daring Untuk Perekaman Data Artefak Tembikar Dan Keramik di Kawasan Percandian Muarajambi.
Authors: Pojoh Ingrid H.E. , Sulistyowati Dian , Nugraha Arie , Caesario Dicky 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Archaeological Information System: Network-based Data Resource for Recording Pottery and Ceramic Artifacts Data in Muarajambi Temples. Archaeological data recording activitystill faces many problems related to the accessibility and availability of an integrated data recording system. Database system is one of the many other solutions to solve the problem. Data management and database content-making have shown integration between two different knowledge that created an instrument for data recording based on network, which is a way to communicate where messages are delivered online. For users, this application can be a media for doing research. As for the filler, this database system becomes a data recording instrument which works effectively and efficiently. Forstudents, this database system can also help to increase the analysis ability. This activity focuses on making a network-based database system for pottery and ceramic artifacts from Muarajambi temples. Abstrak. Kegiatan perekaman data arkeologi sampai sekarang masih menjadi permasalahan tersendiri baik dari segi keterbukaan informasi maupun ketersediaan sarana perekaman data yang terintegrasi. Sistem pangkalan data merupakan salah satu pemecahan mengenai permasalahantersebut. Manajemen data dan pembuatan konten pangkalan data menunjukan integrasi dari dua ilmu yang berbeda sehingga dapat menghasilkan suatu instrumen perekaman data berbasis dalam jaringan (daring), yaitu suatu cara berkomunikasi yang penyampaian dan penerimaan pesan dilakukan dengan atau melalui jaringan internet. Untuk pengguna, aplikasi ini dapat berfungsi sebagai wadah untukmelakukan penjajakan dalam rangka melakukan penelitian. Untuk pengisi, pangkalan data ini merupakan salah satu instrumen perekaman data yang dapat menghemat waktu dan tenaga. Untuk mahasiswa, pangkalan data ini juga merupakan sarana pembelajaran untuk mempertajam kemampuananalisis. Kegiatan ini berfokus pada pembuatan sistem pangkalan data berbasis daring untuk temuantemuantembikar dan keramik yang ditemukan di Kawasan Percandian Muarajambi.
Ragam Hias Ular-Naga di Tempat Sakral Periode Jawa Timur*
Authors: Santiko Hariani 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Naga-Snake Ornaments at Sacred Places in East Java Period. Among those archaeological remains from Hindu-Buddhist in East Java period, dated from 8th to 16th centuries, was nagasnakeornament (snake with physical characteristic of a dragon) whether it stands alone or with a garuḍa figure. This ornament was found in temples, sacred bathing sites, and meditation caves. This ornament has not been found in earlier Hindu-Buddhist period in Central Java (early 6th to early 10th centuries). In order to understand the ideas behind this ornament selection, a historical-archaeology method was used based on artefactual and textual data, such as old manuscripts or inscriptions. East-Javanese śilpins used garuḍa and naga snake ornaments to manifest the story of Samudramanthana (Amŗtamanthana) and the story of Garudeya. Both stories tell the churning of the Ksirārnawa by the śura and aśura to get the amŗta (the holy water). This ornament can be found at Jalatunda bathingsite, Kidal temple, and Jabung temple. The preference to use Samudramanthana and Garudeya stories was related with the mythology of the mountain in Hinduism, which is believed as a “ladder” to Gods’ place. A temple is a miniature of Mahameru, the location of amŗta, guarded by the dragon-snake. Abstrak. Tinggalan Arkeologi dari masa Hindu-Buddha di Jawa Timur (abad ke-10-16), di antaranya berupa ragam hias ular-naga (ular dengan ciri-ciri fisik naga) yang digambarkan sendiri, maupun bersama tokoh garuḍa. Ragam hias ular-naga ini ditemukan di kompleks percandian, pemandian suci (patirthan), dan di gua-gua pertapaan. Menarik perhatian adalah, ragam hias jenis ini tidak ditemukan pada kepurbakalaan masa sebelumnya, yaitu masa Hindu-Buddha di Jawa Tengah (abad ke-6 sampai awal abad ke-10). Untuk mengetahui gagasan yang melatari dipilihnya artefak tersebut,akan diterapkan metode arkeologi-sejarah, yaitu metode yang menggunakan data artefaktual dan data tekstual, berupa naskah-naskah atau prasasti. Kemunculan garuḍa bersama ular-naga ini, dikemukakan bahwa para seniman Jawa Kuno menggunakan cerita Samudramanthana (Amŗtamanthana) dan cerita Garuḍeya. Kedua cerita tersebut menceritakan pengambilan dan perebutan air suci amŗta (air suci, air penghidupan) antara dewa (śura) dan aśura. Ragam hias ular-naga terdapat pada Pemandian Jalatunda, Candi Kidal dan Candi Jabung, Candi Panataran, Candi Kedaton dan sebagainya. Dipilihnya cerita Samudramanthana dan Garuḍeya terkait dengan mitologi gunung dalam agama Hindu, yangmerupakan “tangga naik” ke tempat dewa-dewa di puncaknya. Candi adalah bentuk miniatur dari Mahameru tersebut, tempat amŗta yang dijaga oleh ular-naga.
Tambang Batu Bara Oranje Nassau, Kalimantan Selatan, Dalam Pandangan Arkeologi Industri
Authors: Inagurasi Libra Hari 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Oranje Nassau Coal Mine, South Kalimantan, in view Industrial Archaeology. Coal mining activities in Indonesia started in the 19th century. In the paper is presented archaeologicalremains on the site of the oldest coal mine in Indonesia, which is the Oranje Nassau coal mine. The site is located in the village of Pengaron, District Pengaron, Banjar regency, South Kalimantan. Thechronology of the site is 1849 (mid-19th century). Oranje Nassau is a coal mine operated by the Dutch government. When established, the mine occupied the territory of the Sultanate of Banjarmasin. Theintent of this paper is to provide an overview of the early industrial development in Indonesia through the oldest coal mine, Oranje Nassau, while the purpose is to identify the type, function, and therelationship between the remains of coal mines by using the approach of Industrial Archaeology. The method used is descriptive, historical and contextual analyses. The results have been obtained by theidentification of the relics of the ancient coal mine dating from the Dutch East India period. The relics of the coal mine are part of the coal mining activity facilities such as monumental building to put themachine, the coal pit wells, hallways, tunnels, floors made of brick, and iron wheels. Based on the survey results, it is revealed that coal mining is a technology that comes from outside, or technologyimported from Europe, not originated in Indonesia. Abstrak. Aktivitas pertambangan batu bara di Indonesia dimulai pada abad ke-19. Dalam tulisan ini dikemukakan tinggalan arkeologi dari situs tambang batu bara tertua di Indonesia, yakni tambang batu bara Oranje Nassau. Lokasi situs berada di Desa Pengaron, Kecamatan Pengaron, Kabupaten Banjar, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Kronologi situs berasal dari tahun 1849 (abad ke-19). Oranje Nassau merupakan tambang batu bara yang diusahakan oleh pemerintah Hindia Belanda.Ketika didirikan, lokasi tambang itu menempati wilayah milik Kesultanan Banjarmasin. Tulisan ini bermaksud memberikan gambaran mengenai awal perkembangan industri di Indonesia melalui tambang batu bara tertua Oranje Nassau. Adapun tujuan tulisan ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis, fungsi, dan hubungan antar tinggalan tambang batu bara dengan menggunakan pendekatan Arkeologi Industri (Industrial Archaeology). Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, historis, dan analisis kontekstual. Hasil yang telah diperoleh yakni teridentifikasinya peninggalan-peninggalan tambangbatu bara kuno berasal dari masa Hindia Belanda. Peninggalan-peninggalan tersebut merupakan fasilitas kegiatan penambangan batu bara seperti bangunan monumental untuk menempatkan mesin, sumur lubang galian batu bara, lorong, terowongan, lantai dibuat dari bahan bata, dan roda besi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa tambang batu bara merupakan teknologi yang berasaldari luar atau teknologi yang diimpor dari Eropa, bukan asli Indonesia.
Inskripsi Pernyataan Kematian pada Kompleks Makam Qadhi Jafri, Sosok Ulama dan Ahli Waris Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari.
Authors: Wajidi Wajidi 
Published: April 2017

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui riwayat hidup Qadhi Jafri; (2) menggambarkan tata letak Kompleks Makam Qadhi Jafri; (3) mendeskripsikan pernyataan kematian pada Kompleks Makam Qadhi Jafri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang menggabungkan penelitian sejarah dengan pendekatan Arkeologi Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Qadhi Jafri adalah seorang ulama, buyut dari ulama besar Kalimantan, Syekh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari. Kompleks Makam Qadhi Jafri berisi 36 makam yang berada dalam beberapa jirat. Selain makam Qadhi Jafri, tulisan yang berupa pernyataan kematian juga terdapat pada makam mertua Qadhi Jafri, yakni Haji Abdul Aziz (Kiai Demang Wangsa Negara) dan istri, dan makam Haji Muhammad Nur bin Haji Mustafa. Adanya tulisan pernyataan kematian tidak terlepas dari agama Islam serta pemahaman bahwa kematian bukanlah akhir dari kehidupan. Orang yang meninggal tetap hidup, tetapi rohnya berpindah tempat dari alam dunia ke alam barzakh. Abstract. The Inscription of Death Statement on the Burial Complex of Qadi Jafri, The Heir of Islamic Scholar Syekh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari. This study aims to: (1) understand the life history of Qadi Jafri; (2) describe the layout of the burial area of Qadi Jafri; (3) describe the statement of death on the tombs at the burial complex of Qadi Jafri. The researcher uses the descriptive qualitative method, which combines historical research and Islamic archaeology approach. The result shows that the Qadi Jafri was a scholar and great-grandson of the great scholar in Kalimantan, Syekh Muhammad Arsyadal-Banjari. The burial area of Qadi Jafri comprises a total of 36 tombs. Besides om the tomb of Qadi Jafri, the written statement of death are also found the tombs of Qadi Jafri’s father in law, named Haji Abdul Aziz, and his wife, as well as on the tomb of Haji Muhammad Nur bin Haji Mustafa. The written statements of death on the tombs cannot be separated from the professed religion of Islam, which perceived the understanding that deathis not the end of life.