bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid around Dental Implants with Ceramic and Titanium Abutments
Authors: Negahdari Ramin , Rahbar Mahdi , Fakhrzadeh Vahid , Eslami Hosein , Akbari Taleb , Bohluli Sepideh 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
Considering the high success rate of osseointegration, there is ever-increasing use of dental implants. The mechanisms and biologic response of peri-implant tissues are different depending on the biocompatibility of the implant material. The aim of this study was to compare the proinflammatory cytokine levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) around dental implants with ceramic and titanium abutments.

Materials and methods
All the patients with dental implants referring to two private offices of two prosthodontists from June to August 2016 were examined in relation to implant health, and eligible subjects, based on inclusion criteria, were included in this study with a slit-mouth design. In this context, on one side titanium implants and, on the other side, ceramic implants were used. Samples were collected from the peri-implant sulcus in each patient and sent to the immunology laboratory for determination of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β proinflammatory cytokine levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
The results showed lower levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the GCF around ceramic abutments compared with titanium implants. In addition, statistical comparison between IL-6 and IL-1β levels showed higher levels of IL-6 around titanium and ceramic abutments compared with IL-1β levels.

Conclusion
Based on the results of this study, the human body immune response to ceramic abutments is much better than that to titanium implants.

Clinical significance
Considering that proinflammatory cytokine levels in GCF around ceramic abutments are lower than titanium ones, ceramic abutments are preferred for clinical usage.

How to cite this article
Negahdari R, Rahbar M, Fakhrzadeh V, Eslami H, Akbari T, Bohluli S. Comparison of Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid around Dental Implants with Ceramic and Titanium Abutments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(9):831-836.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Various Concentrations of Bamboo Salt against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans: An in vitro Study
Authors: Santosh Kumar P , Vidhya S , Mahalaxmi S 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) remains the gold standard against which any new endodontic irrigant is compared. But, its inadvertent extrusion beyond the confines of the root canal can be caustic to vital periapical or periodontal tissues. There has been an increase in the use of herbal medicines as irrigants over the last two decades. Bamboo salt is a Korean folk medicine, which shows promising antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this in vitro study was to comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of 1, 3, and 5% bamboo salt against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans using agar diffusion test; 4% NaOCl was used as control. The experiment was performed in triplicate and the zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured. The results of the present study showed that 4% NaOCl and 5% bamboo salt showed significantly higher mean ZOI than the other groups against E. faecalis; 4% NaOCl showed significantly higher mean ZOI than the other groups against C. albicans, followed by 5 and 3% bamboo salt. Hence, it can be concluded that 4% NaOCl proved to be the most effective antimicrobial against both the species; 5% bamboo salt was as effective as 4% NaOCl against E. faecalis, but significantly less effective against C. albicans.

How to cite this article
Santosh Kumar P, Vidhya S, Mahalaxmi S. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Various Concentrations of Bamboo Salt against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans: An in vitro Study. J Oper Dent Endod 2017;2(2):65-68.
Timing Recovery for Ultra Wideband Systems
Authors: Ghavami Mohammad 
Published: September 2017

This paper examines the problems of symbol
timing estimation and timing recovery for ultra wideband impulse radio signals. Two different approaches based onthe maximum likelihood technique are investigated. The first approach is based on derivative matched filter and the second one takes advantage of the early-late technique.
Furthermore, two non-coherent timing recovery circuits are proposed and discussed. The first circuit is a digital delay-locked loop (DDLL) and the second circuit is based on early-late technique. Finally, performance analysis of the proposed techniques for IEEE 802.15.3a channel models in terms of the minimum squared error (MSE) is
provided.
Speaker Recognition Systems: A Tutorial
Authors: Fisusi Abimbola , Yesufu Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This paper gives an overview of speaker recognition systems. Speaker recognition is the task of automatically recognizing who is speaking by identifying an unknown speaker among several reference speakers using speaker-specific information included in speech waves. The different classification of speaker recognition and speech processing techniques required for performing the recognition task are discussed. The basic modules of a speaker recognition system are outlined and discussed. Some of the techniques required to implement each module of the system were discussed and others are mentioned. The methods were also compared with one another. Finally, this paper concludes by giving a few research trends in speaker recognition for some year to come.
Power Amplifiers for Next Generation Wireless Platforms
Authors: Tom Kevin 
Published: September 2017

Class-E amplifier has the potential to
deliver high efficiency required for the next
generation wireless systems. In this journal, we
discuss a novel load pull analysis technique to
characterize the efficiency performance of Class-E
amplifier in an outphasing power combining
scheme. Class-E amplifier is not an ideal current
or voltage source as is required for the traditional
analysis of outphasing structures. It requires a
phase modulated input signal and has a non-linear
transfer characteristic which is a function of load
impedance. Here we define an operating load
locus based on the load pull analysis which can be
used to predict the non-linear transfer function,
efficiency, output power, input drive phase and
many other factors associated with the outphasing
class-E amplifier. This scheme could also be used
to characterize any amplifier class in an
outphasing structure. Finally modulation
performance of Class-E amplifier using PWM
technique is also presented.
Investigation on the Impact of Tropospheric Delay on GPS Height Variation near the Equator
Authors: Dodo Joseph D , Yahya Mohd Hafiz , Kamarudin Nor Bin 
Published: September 2017

One of the major problems currently facing
satellite-based positioning is the atmospheric refraction of
the GPS signal caused by the troposphere. The
tropospheric effect is much more pronounced at the
equatorial region due to its hot and wet conditions. This
affects the GPS signal due to the variability of the
refractive index, which in turn affects the positional
accuracy, especially in the height components. This paper
presents a study conducted in the Southern Peninsular
Malaysia located at the equatorial region, to investigate
the impact of tropospheric delay on GPS height variation.
Four campaigns were launched with each campaign
lasting for three days. The Malaysian real-time kinematic
GPS network (MyRTKnet) reference stations in Johor
Bahru were used. GPS RINEX data from these stations
were integrated with ground meteorological data observed
concurrently from a GPS station located at the Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), at varying antenna heights for
each session of observation. A developed computer
program called TROPO.exe based on the Saastamoinen
tropospheric delay model was used in estimating the
amount of tropospheric delay. The result reveals that,
there is inconsistency in the delay variation, reaching
maximum delay of 18 m in pseudo-range measurement.
The height component shows variations with a maximum
value of 119.100 cm and a minimum value of 37.990 cm.
The result of the simulated data shows 5.00 m of
differences in height gives an effect or improvement of 1.3
mm in signal propagation. This indicates that,
tropospheric delay decreases with increase in antenna
height.
Narrowband Interference Suppression in Wireless OFDM Systems
Authors: Nikolova Zlatka , Iliev Georgi , Ovtcharov Miglen , Poulkov Vladimir 
Published: September 2017

Signal distortions in communication systems
occur between the transmitter and the receiver; these
distortions normally cause bit errors at the receiver. In
addition interference by other signals may add to the
deterioration in performance of the communication link. In
order to achieve reliable communication, the effects of the
communication channel distortion and interfering signals
must be reduced using different techniques. The aim of this
paper is to introduce the fundamentals of Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), to review
and examine the effects of interference in a digital data
communication link and to explore methods for mitigating
or compensating for these effects.
Does denitrification occur within porous carbonate sand grains?
Authors: Cook Perran Louis Miall , Kessler Adam John , Eyre Bradley David 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Permeable carbonate sands form a major habitat type on coral reefs and play a major role in organic matter recycling. Nitrogen cycling within these sediments is likely to play a major role in coral reef productivity, yet it remains poorly studied. Here, we used flow-through reactors and stirred reactors to quantify potential rates of denitrification and the dependence of denitrification on oxygen concentrations in permeable carbonate sands at three sites on Heron Island, Australia. Our results showed that potential rates of denitrification fell within the range of 2–28 µmol L−1 sediment h−1 and were very low compared to oxygen consumption rates, consistent with previous studies of silicate sands. Denitrification was observed to commence at porewater oxygen concentrations as high as 50 µM in stirred reactor experiments on the coarse sediment fraction (2–10 mm) and at oxygen concentrations of 10–20 µM in flow-through and stirred reactor experiments at a site with a median sediment grain size of 0.9 mm. No denitrification was detected in sediments under oxic conditions from another site with finer sediment (median grain size: 0.7 mm). We interpret these results as confirmation that denitrification may occur within anoxic microniches present within porous carbonate sand grains. The occurrence of such microniches has the potential to enhance denitrification rates within carbonate sediments; however further work is required to elucidate the extent and ecological significance of this effect.
La méthode de notation d’un questionnaire importe-t-elle ?
Authors: Chénier Christophe 
Published: September 2017

Bien qu’il existe plusieurs méthodes de notation pour assigner des scores aux répondants d’un questionnaire, peu d’études ont comparé les effets que pourraient avoir les méthodes choisies sur les corrélations entre les scores obtenus et d’autres variables. Cette recherche vise à combler ce manque en comparant les coefficients de corrélation entre les scores générés par sept méthodes de notation à partir de données réelles et, à défaut de données réelles accessibles, huit variables générées aléatoirement. Les résultats montrent que les corrélations sont presque identiques et qu’aucune méthode de notation n’a d’effet systématique sur la force des corrélations obtenues. Ce résultat est conforme aux résultats antérieurs et il est recommandé aux chercheurs de privilégier l’utilisation d’une méthode de notation simple et pouvant être utilisée avec des données manquantes.
Morning surge in blood pressure and sympathetic activity in Mongolians and Han Chinese: a multimodality investigation of hypertension and dyssomnia
Authors: Huang Guanhua , Yang Xiaoming , Huang Jing 
Published: September 2017

Background
Hypertension and dyssomnia are increasing significantly in Mongolians, and the related factors of ethnic differences in hypertension and dyssomnia between Mongolians and Han Chinese are unclear. This study examined the relationship of morning surge in blood pressure (MBP) with ethnicity, sleep situation, and sympathetic activity throughout the day.

Methods
Of 692 hypertensive patients screened, 202 subjects with dyssomnia were selected. They were then divided into Mongolian (n = 87) and Han (n = 115) groups. The differences in dyssomnia, 24-h blood pressure, and urinary catecholamine were analyzed in all subjects; they were then further divided according to the degree of dyssomnia (low, moderate, and severe) to determine the differences in blood pressure and catecholamine.

Results
Mongolians had a lower history of smoking, daytime dysfunction, nocturnal heart rates, and dopamine levels, but their body mass index, triglyceride, fasting glucose, morning surge in systolic blood pressure (MSBP), nocturnal systolic blood pressure (NSBP), nocturnal diastolic blood pressure, daytime systolic blood pressure, daytime heart rates, and dopamine level (D-DA) were higher than those of Han Chinese. With the aggravation of dyssomnia, MSBP, NSBP, D-NE, daytime epinephrine, and D-DA of Mongolians and Han Chinese increased gradually, but the rate of increase was faster in the latter (p < 0.05). D-DA was entered into the MSBP regression model of Mongolians (intercept, 157 mmHg), whereas D-DA and D-NE were entered into the MSBP regression model of Han Chinese (intercept, 142 mmHg).

Conclusion
Worsened dyssomnia induces higher MSBP and augments sympathetic excitability in Mongolians and Han Chinese. Mongolians with hypertension and dyssomnia had higher MSBP baseline and D-DA but lower N-DA. With an increase in D-DA, MSBP in Han and Mongolian patients increased gradually.
Analysis of drug binding pockets and repurposing opportunities for twelve essential enzymes of ESKAPE pathogens
Authors: Naz Sadia , Ngo Tony , Farooq Umar , Abagyan Ruben 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThe rapid increase in antibiotic resistance by various bacterial pathogens underlies the significance of developing new therapies and exploring different drug targets. A fraction of bacterial pathogens abbreviated as ESKAPE by the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control have been considered a major threat due to the rise in nosocomial infections. Here, we compared putative drug binding pockets of twelve essential and mostly conserved metabolic enzymes in numerous bacterial pathogens including those of the ESKAPE group andMycobacterium tuberculosis. The comparative analysis will provide guidelines for the likelihood of transferability of the inhibitors from one species to another.MethodsNine bacterial species including six ESKAPE pathogens,Mycobacterium tuberculosisalong withMycobacterium smegmatisandEschershia coli, two non-pathogenic bacteria, have been selected for drug binding pocket analysis of twelve essential enzymes. The amino acid sequences were obtained from Uniprot, aligned using ICM v3.8-4a and matched against the Pocketome encyclopedia. We used known co-crystal structures of selected target enzyme orthologs to evaluate the location of their active sites and binding pockets and to calculate a matrix of pairwise sequence identities across each target enzyme across the different species. This was used to generate sequence maps.ResultsHigh sequence identity of enzyme binding pockets, derived from experimentally determined co-crystallized structures, was observed among various species. Comparison at both full sequence level and for drug binding pockets of key metabolic enzymes showed that binding pockets are highly conserved (sequence similarity up to 100%) among various ESKAPE pathogens as well asMycobacterium tuberculosis. Enzymes orthologs having conserved binding sites may have potential to interact with inhibitors in similar way and might be helpful for design of similar class of inhibitors for a particular species. The derived pocket alignments and distance-based maps provide guidelines for drug discovery and repurposing. In addition they also provide recommendations for the relevant model bacteria that may be used for initial drug testing.DiscussionComparing ligand binding sites through sequence identity calculation could be an effective approach to identify conserved orthologs as drug binding pockets have shown higher level of conservation among various species. By using this approach we could avoid the problems associated with full sequence comparison. We identified essential metabolic enzymes among ESKAPE pathogens that share high sequence identity in their putative drug binding pockets (up to 100%), of which known inhibitors can potentially antagonize these identical pockets in the various species in a similar manner.
Transcription Factor Movement through Plasmodesmata
Authors: Jackson David 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionPlantTFsEvidence for Cell‐to‐Cell Trafficking ofTFsPlantTFsthat Traffic Cell to CellLong‐Distance Signaling byTFs,TF mRNAsandmiRNAsMechanisms ofTFMovementPerspectivesAcknowledgements
RNA‐DirectedDNAMethylation
Authors: Matzke Marjori , Kanno Tatsuo , Huettel Bruno , Jaligot Estelle , Florian Mette M. , Kreil David P. , Daxinger Lucia , Rovina Philipp , Aufsatz Werner , Matzke Antonius J. M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionRNAi‐Mediated Pathways in the NucleusMechanism ofRNA‐DirectedDNAMethylation:RNAand Protein RequirementsRdDMin other OrganismsHow ShortRNAsInteract with a Target Locus:RNA–DNAorRNA–RNA?Functions ofRNA‐DirectedDNAMethylation: Genome Defense, Development, Others?Concluding remarksAcknowledgments
Heterochromatin and the Control of Gene Silencing in Plants
Authors: Reuter G. , Fischer A. , Hofmann I. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionCytological, Molecular and Genetic Characteristics of Heterochromatin in PlantsDNAand Histone Modification in Plant HeterochromatinEpigenetic Inheritance in Plants and Heterochromatin
Copper‐Catalyzed Hydroamination of N‐Allenylazoles: Access to Amino‐Substituted N‐Vinylazoles
Authors: Perego Luca Alessandro , Blieck Rémi , Michel Julie , Ciofini Ilaria , Grimaud Laurence , Taillefer Marc , Monnier Florian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBuilding on mechanistic studies, the innate capability of azoles to act as a directing group has been exploited to design an efficient and simple procedure for the hydroamination of N‐allenylazoles with secondary amines. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions by copper(I) catalysis yielding the corresponding original linear E allylic amines with total regio‐ and stereoselectivity. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations offer a mechanistic explanation of the significantly higher reactivity of N‐allenyl‐(1,2)‐azoles compared to their 1,3‐analogues as a result of the reaction‐enhancing coordination of the pyridine‐like nitrogen to the copper center.magnified image
Weekend admission and mortality for gastrointestinal disorders across England and Wales
Authors: Roberts S E , Brown T H , Thorne K , Lyons R A , Akbari A , Napier D J , Brown J L , Williams J G 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Background
Little has been reported on mortality following admissions at weekends for many gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. The aim was to establish whether GI disorders are susceptible to increased mortality following unscheduled admission on weekends compared with weekdays.

Methods
Record linkage was undertaken of national administrative inpatient and mortality data for people in England and Wales who were hospitalized as an emergency for one of 19 major GI disorders.

Results
The study included 2 254 701 people in England and 155 464 in Wales. For 11 general surgical and medical GI disorders there were little, or no, significant weekend effects on mortality at 30 days in either country. There were large consistent weekend effects in both countries for severe liver disease (England: 26·2 (95 per cent c.i. 21·1 to 31·6) per cent; Wales: 32·0 (12·4 to 55·1 per cent) and GI cancer (England: 21·8 (19·1 to 24·5) per cent; Wales: 25·0 (15·0 to 35·9) per cent), which were lower in patients managed by surgeons. Admission rates were lower at weekends than on weekdays, most strongly for severe liver disease (by 43·3 per cent in England and 51·4 per cent in Wales) and GI cancer (by 44·6 and 52·8 per cent respectively). Both mortality and the weekend mortality effect for GI cancer were lower for patients managed by surgeons.

Discussion
There is little, or no, evidence of a weekend mortality effect for most major general surgical or medical GI disorders, but large weekend effects for GI cancer and severe liver disease. Lower admission rates at weekends indicate more severe cases. The findings for severe liver disease may suggest a lack of specialist hepatological resources. For cancers, reduced availability of end-of-life care in the community at weekends may be the cause.
Randomized clinical trial of antibiotic therapy for uncomplicated appendicitis
Authors: Park H C , Kim M J , Lee B H 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Background
Uncomplicated appendicitis may resolve spontaneously or require treatment with antibiotics or appendicectomy. The aim of this randomized trial was to compare the outcome of a non-antibiotic management strategy with that of antibiotic therapy in uncomplicated appendicitis.

Methods
Patients presenting to a university teaching hospital with CT-verified uncomplicated simple appendicitis (appendiceal diameter no larger than 11 mm and without any signs of perforation) were randomized to management with a no-antibiotic regimen with supportive care (intravenous fluids, analgesia and antipyretics as necessary) or a 4-day course of antibiotics with supportive care. The primary endpoint was rate of total treatment failure, defined as initial treatment failure within 1 month and recurrence of appendicitis during the follow-up period.

Results
Some 245 patients were randomized within the trial, and followed up for a median of 19 months. The duration of hospital stay was shorter (mean 3·1 versus 3·7 days; P &lt; 0·001) and the medical costs lower (€1181 versus 1348; P &lt; 0·001) among those randomized to therapy without antibiotics. There was no difference in total treatment failure rate between the groups: 29 of 124 (23·4 per cent) in the no-antibiotic group and 25 of 121 (20·7 per cent) in the antibiotic group (P = 0·609). Eighteen patients (9 in each group) had initial treatment failure, 15 of whom underwent appendicectomy and three received additional antibiotics. Thirty-six patients (20 in the no-antibiotic group, 16 in the antibiotic group) experienced recurrence, of whom 30 underwent appendicectomy and six received further antibiotics.

Conclusion
Treatment failure rates in patients presenting with CT-confirmed uncomplicated appendicitis appeared similar among those receiving supportive care with either a no-antibiotic regimen or a 4-day course of antibiotics. Registration number: KCT0000124 (http://cris.nih.go.kr).