bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of sugar concentration on mango wine composition fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae MERIT.ferm
Authors: Lu Yuyun , Chan Li‐Jie , Li Xiao , Liu Shao‐Quan 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThis study investigated the effect of initial sugar concentrations (°Brix of 17, 23 and 30) on mango wine composition fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae MERIT.ferm. It was found that growth rate and maximum cell population were inversely correlated with initial sugar levels with the fastest growth rate and largest cell population in the low sugar fermentation. However, the cell population in the low and medium sugar fermentation declined significantly (from 8.7 and 8.2 log to 2 and 2.8 log, respectively) relative to the high sugar fermentation in which cell populations remained stable upon reaching the stationary phase (7.7 log). Glycerol production increased with increasing sugar content in low (13.4 g L−1), medium (14.5 g L−1) and high (15.9 g L−1) sugar fermentation. In addition, high sugar fermentation had a negative impact on volatile production with significantly lower amounts of acetate esters (1.5 mg L−1) but more acetic acid (0.54 g L−1) compared to the low (5.0 mg L−1 and 0.44 g L−1, respectively) and medium (3.7 mg L−1 and 0.49 g L−1, respectively) sugar fermentations. Furthermore, volatiles especially terpene hydrocarbons (α‐caryophyllene was released) present in mango juice were significantly metabolised after fermentation, while numerous new volatile compounds (such as isobutyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl and acetate esters) were produced. Some terpene alcohols were released and converted into corresponding acetyl esters. This may indicate that the mango wines fermented with different levels of sugars would have different flavour aromas.
Complementary medicine products: interpreting the evidence base
Authors: Cohen Marc , Hunter Jennifer 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMany patients use complementary medicine (CM) products, such as vitamins, minerals and herbs as part of self‐care without professional advice or disclosure to their doctors. While use of CM products is gaining awareness by the medical community and there is mounting evidence for their safety, efficacy and cost‐effectiveness, there is also the potential for adverse events from inappropriate use and/or withdrawal, as well as interactions with other medicines. Due to the unique and complex properties of many CM products, research evidence is specific to individual preparations and this can lead to confusion when assessing label claims and interpreting the results of clinical trials and systematic reviews. While the Australian regulatory environment for CM products is the same as for prescription medicines and is based on risk, there is a great need for consumers and clinicians to have access to easily understood, evidence‐based information to facilitate informed decision‐making.
Peer victimization predicts heightened inflammatory reactivity to social stress in cognitively vulnerable adolescents
Authors: Giletta Matteo , Slavich George M. , Rudolph Karen D. , Hastings Paul D. , Nock Matthew K. , Prinstein Mitchell J. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundDuring adolescence, peer victimization is a potent type of social stressor that can confer enduring risk for poor mental and physical health. Given recent research implicating inflammation in promoting a variety of serious mental and physical health problems, this study examined the role that peer victimization and cognitive vulnerability (i.e. negative cognitive styles and hopelessness) play in shaping adolescents’ pro‐inflammatory cytokine responses to an acute social stressor.MethodsAdolescent girls at risk for psychopathology (n = 157; Mage = 14.73 years; SD = 1.38) were exposed to a laboratory‐based social stressor before and after which we assessed salivary levels of three key pro‐inflammatory cytokines – interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α).ResultsAs hypothesized, adolescents with greater peer victimization exposure exhibited greater increases in IL‐6 and IL1‐β in response to the laboratory‐based social stressor. Moreover, for all three cytokines individually, as well as for a combined latent factor of inflammation, peer victimization predicted enhanced inflammatory responding most strongly for adolescents with high levels of hopelessness.ConclusionsThe findings reveal a biological pathway by which peer victimization may interact with cognitive vulnerability to influence health in adolescence.
The effect of milling and postmilling procedures on the surface roughness ofCAD/CAMmaterials
Authors: Mota Eduardo Gonçalves , Smidt Laura Nunes , Fracasso Lisiane Martins , Burnett Luiz Henrique , Spohr Ana Maria 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness and analyze the surface topography of five different CAD/CAM ceramics and one CAD/CAM composite resin for CEREC after milling and postmilling procedures.Materials and MethodsBlocks of the ceramics Mark II, IPS Empress CAD, IPS e.max CAD, Suprinity and Enamic, and blocks of the composite resin Lava Ultimate were milled at CEREC MCXL. Ten flat samples of each material were obtained. The surface roughness (Ra) test was performed before and after milling, crystallization, polishing, and glaze when indicated, followed by SEM and AFM analysis. Data were submitted to one‐way ANOVA with repeated measures and the Tukey HSD test (α = 0.05).ResultsThe milling step significantly increased the roughness of all the tested materials (P < .05). Lithium‐based ceramics (IPS e.max CAD and Suprinity) were more suitable to roughness than the other tested materials (P < .05).ConclusionsThe polishing methods were able to reduce roughness to baseline values, except for lithium‐based ceramics. Glaze reduced significantly the roughness of lithium‐based ceramics without a difference from the baseline. SEM and AFM images revealed that glazed surfaces are smoother than polished surfaces.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEAll hard‐milling CAD/CAM materials, that is, fully sintered, should be only hand polished. The glaze step can be suppressed resulting in time saving. However, the glaze step in soft‐milling lithium disilicate is imperative.
Austerity and Private Debt
Authors: KLEIN MATHIAS 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study provides empirical evidence that the costs of austerity crucially depend on the level of private indebtedness. In particular, fiscal consolidations lead to severe contractions when implemented in high private‐debt states. Contrary, fiscal consolidations have no significant effect on economic activity when private debt is low. These results are robust to alternative definitions of private‐debt overhang, the composition of fiscal consolidations, and controlling for the state of the business cycle and government debt overhang. I show that deterioration in household balance sheets is important to understand private debt‐dependent effects of austerity.
Inflation Targeting, Recursive Inattentiveness, and Heterogeneous Beliefs
Authors: AGLIARI ANNA , MASSARO DOMENICO , PECORA NICOLÒ , SPELTA ALESSANDRO 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe consider a monetary authority that provides an explicit inflation target in order to align expectations with the policy objective. However, biased perceptions of the target may arise due to imperfect information flows. We allow agents to revise expectations over time and we model their recursive choice among prediction strategies as an optimization problem under rational inattention. We then investigate whether a simple policy rule can steer the economy toward the targeted equilibrium. Our findings suggest that determinacy under rational expectations may not be sufficient to reach the target. Instead, monetary policy should be fine‐tuned to correct agents' biased beliefs.
Incidental appendectomy during mini incision post‐partum sterilization (Chokchai technique): A prospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Choksuwattanasakul Manwat 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimWe aimed to determine the success rate of incidental appendectomy during post‐partum sterilization (PPS) using the Chokchai technique and to compare the postoperative morbidity between patients who underwent this procedure with those who underwent simple PPS.MethodsAppendectomy during PPS was performed in 141 patients from 1 May 2012 to 30 April 2014. The control group consisted of 182 simple PPS patients. Primary outcomes were the success rate of the procedure and secondary outcomes were postoperative morbidity and complications.ResultsThe success rate of this procedure was 98.6%. There was no statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss, hospital length of stay, or postoperative morbidity. Appendectomy added 7.5 min to the total procedure. Intravenous sedation requirements were 13.7% and 33.3% in the control and study groups, respectively. Pathologic evaluation of resected appendices revealed 15 abnormalities (10.8%), including two cases of periappendicitis (1.4%).ConclusionWhen carried out by experienced surgeons and with appropriate anesthesia, incidental appendectomy during PPS is safe. The Chokchai technique (approach through a small periumbilical incision) achieved a high success rate and resulted in minimal scar. Incidental appendectomy not only prevents any future appendicitis but also helps to detect periappendicitis and treat its primary cause. However, this is an option for only selected patients who are clearly informed about the possible risks and benefits of the procedure.
Expectant management of pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction without any evidence of placental dysfunction at term: Comparison with routine labor induction
Authors: Hidaka Nobuhiro , Sato Yuka , Kido Saki , Fujita Yasuyuki , Kato Kiyoko 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimTo assess the feasibility and practicality of expectant management for pregnancies with fetal growth restriction (FGR) at term without evidence of placental dysfunction.MethodsWe reviewed the records of pregnancies with an estimated fetal weight ≤ 1.5 SD below the mean at 37 weeks of gestation. We excluded elective cesarean deliveries and pregnancies that, at 37 weeks, were complicated by oligohydramnios, decreased fetal cerebroplacental ratio, or pregnancy‐related hypertensive disorders. Prior to May 2013, we performed routine labor induction for FGR at term; after that time, we used routine expectant management. The rate of delivery by cesarean or instrumental assist and the rate of neonatal morbidity were compared between the groups.ResultsThe gestational age at delivery and the neonatal birthweight were higher in the expectant management policy group (39+4 vs 38+1 weeks; 2405 vs 2205 g). The cesarean rate (7/77 vs 7/73) and the instrumental delivery rate (5/77 vs 6/73) did not differ. Neonatal hypoglycemia and hyperbilirubinemia were significantly less frequent (10/77 vs 21/73; 7/77 vs 20/73) in the expectant management policy group. Seven patients in the expectant management policy group underwent emergency cesarean delivery; five of these (71%) had required labor induction because of progression to oligohydramnios.ConclusionsExpectant management policy for FGR at term can reduce neonatal morbidity without increasing maternal risk or the cesarean rate. Caution should be used, however, during labor if oligohydramnios develops during expectant management.
Age‐Varying Associations Between Cigarette Smoking, Sensation Seeking, and Impulse Control Through Adolescence and Young Adulthood
Authors: Lydon‐Staley David M. , Geier Charles F. 
Published: September 2017

Sensation seeking (SS) and impulse control (IC) are constructs at the core of dual systems models of adolescent risk taking. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, age‐varying associations between SS and IC (predictors) and both any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking (outcomes) were examined. The association between SS and both any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking was strongest during adolescence. IC was consistently associated with any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking, with the strongest association emerging during the mid‐20s to early 30s. The results provide a nuanced perspective on when the components of dual systems models may be most related to smoking.
A critical look at meta‐analytic evidence for the cognitive approach to lie detection: A re‐examination of Vrij, Fisher, and Blank (2017)
Authors: Levine Timothy R. , Blair J. Pete , Carpenter Christopher J. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeThis article provides a re‐analysis of Vrij et al.'s (2017, Leg. Crim. Psychol. 22, 1) meta‐analysis of the cognitive approach to lie detection. Vrij et al.'s analyses confounded dependent variables, capitalized on aberrant controls, and used unreliable data to inflate support.MethodsMeta‐analysis was used to reanalyse Vrij et al.'s data. Studies of human detection and studies involving statistical classification were analysed separately.ResultsThe advantage offered by the cognitive approach was much smaller than previously claimed. Accuracies in control conditions were unusually low, and the most supportive findings came from the least reliable data.ConclusionsHuman detection and statistical classification are different. The evidence for the cognitive approach has been overstated.
Cognitive Profiles Associated With Responsiveness to Fraction Intervention
Authors: Krowka Sarah K. , Fuchs Lynn S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study examined differences in cognitive processing between 4th‐grade students who respond adequately, as opposed to inadequately, to intervention on 3 fraction outcomes: number‐line estimation, calculation, and word problems. Students were assessed on 7 cognitive processes and on the 3 fraction outcomes. Students were grouped as adequate or inadequate responders, using as the cut‐point the control‐group mean on pre‐to‐post improvement on the relevant measure. Between‐group differences identified reasoning, concept formation, and listening comprehension related to all 3 fraction outcomes. On the number‐line outcome, within‐group profile analysis indicated that inadequate responders experienced low reasoning ability relative to their other forms of cognitive processing.
The genetic breakdown of sporophytic self‐incompatibility in Tolpis coronopifolia (Asteraceae)
Authors: Koseva Boryana , Crawford Daniel J. , Brown Keely E. , Mort Mark E. , Kelly John K. 
Published: September 2017

Summary

Angiosperm diversity has been shaped by mating system evolution, with the most common transition from outcrossing to self‐fertilizing.

To investigate the genetic basis of this transition, we performed crosses between two species endemic to the Canary Islands, the self‐compatible (SC) species Tolpis coronopifolia and its self‐incompatible (SI) relative Tolpis santosii. We scored self‐compatibility as self‐seed set of recombinant plants within two F2 populations.

To map and genetically characterize the breakdown of SI, we built a draft genome sequence of T. coronopifolia, genotyped F2 plants using multiplexed shotgun genotyping (MSG), and located MSG markers to the genome sequence. We identified a single quantitative trait locus (QTL) that explains nearly all variation in self‐seed set in both F2 populations.

To identify putative causal genetic variants within the QTL, we performed transcriptome sequencing on mature floral tissue from both SI and SC species, constructed a transcriptome for each species, and then located each predicted transcript to the T. coronopifolia genome sequence. We annotated each predicted gene within the QTL and found two strong candidates for SI breakdown. Each gene has a coding sequence insertion/deletion mutation within the SC species that produces a truncated protein. Homologs of each gene have been implicated in pollen development, pollen germination, and pollen tube growth in other species.
Disparity, diversity, and duplications in the Caryophyllales
Authors: Smith Stephen A. , Brown Joseph W. , Yang Ya , Bruenn Riva , Drummond Chloe P. , Brockington Samuel F. , Walker Joseph F. , Last Noah , Douglas Norman A. , Moore Michael J. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe role played by whole genome duplication (WGD) in plant evolution is actively debated.WGDs have been associated with advantages such as superior colonization, various adaptations, and increased effective population size. However, the lack of a comprehensive mapping ofWGDs within a major plant clade has led to uncertainty regarding the potential association ofWGDs and higher diversification rates.Using seven chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal genes, we constructed a phylogeny of 5036 species of Caryophyllales, representing nearly half of the extant species. We phylogenetically mapped putativeWGDs as identified from analyses on transcriptomic and genomic data and analyzed these in conjunction with shifts in climatic occupancy and lineage diversification rate.Thirteen putativeWGDs and 27 diversification shifts could be mapped onto the phylogeny. Of these, fourWGDs were concurrent with diversification shifts, with other diversification shifts occurring at more recent nodes thanWGDs. FiveWGDs were associated with shifts to colder climatic occupancy.While we find that many diversification shifts occur afterWGDs, it is difficult to consider diversification and duplication to be tightly correlated. Our findings suggest that duplications may often occur along with shifts in either diversification rate, climatic occupancy, or rate of evolution.
Natural products to prevent drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy: a review
Authors: Yuan Renyikun , Hou Ying , Sun Wen , Yu Jie , Liu Xin , Niu Yanan , Lu Jin‐Jian , Chen Xiuping 
Published: September 2017

AbstractChemotherapy is the standard internal medical treatment for cancer. However, the resistance of cancer cells to nearly all kinds of chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted drugs has become prevalent, and approximately 80–90% of deaths in cancer patients are directly or indirectly attributed to drug resistance. The progress of new drug research and development has also been impeded by the occurrence of drug resistance, which has emerged as a considerable challenge in cancer therapy. Fortunately, natural products with diverse chemical structures and pharmacological effects serve as effective substances against drug resistance. Since the discovery of a series of drug‐resistant proteins, drug‐efflux inhibition has been applied as the primary strategy to overcome drug resistance by maintaining the intracellular concentrations of chemotherapeutic drugs. Nonapoptotic cell death is considered an alternative strategy because most cases of drug resistance result in evasion and insensitivity to apoptosis. In this concise review, we summarize two strategies using natural products against drug resistance.
Enhancing a public health nursing shelter program
Authors: Minnich Margo , Shirley Nancy 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Shelter Nurse Program offers important nursing care and resources that help meet the health needs of the homeless population and improve the health of homeless individuals and families. However, formalized program goals and objectives, along with an evaluation plan that demonstrates population outcomes, had never been developed even as the program has evolved over time. Thus, the agency sought our assistance as public health nursing consultants to enhance the overall program to improve the health of the homeless population. To accomplish this, we worked with the agency and the shelter nurses throughout each step of the process to assess the needs of the program, develop appropriate goals and objectives, and develop an effective outcome evaluation plan for the existing Shelter Nurse Program. Lessons learned included the value and applicability of the selected program development model, the importance of agency ownership and active participation by front‐line workers, and the value of educating the workers and introducing resources throughout the process.
Triggering immunological memory against the tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta to protect against colitis
Authors: Wang A. , Arai T. , Campbell A. , Reyes J. L. , Lopes F. , McKay D. M. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryInfection with parasitic helminths can ameliorate the severity of concomitant inflammatory disease. To use the tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, and to extend this concept by assessing whether triggering a memory response against the worm inhibits dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (DNBS)‐induced colitis in Balb/c mice. Initial studies revealed that oral infection with 1, 3 or 5 H. diminuta cysticercoids 8 days before intrarectal administration of DNBS (3 mg) resulted in less severe inflammation and that infected mice displayed an increased propensity for T helper‐2 immunity. A 1 mg dose of a PBS‐soluble extract of the worm (HdAg) delivered intraperitoneally concomitant with DNBS was anticolitic as determined by macroscopic and histological disease scores 72 hour post‐DNBS. Mice infected 28 days previously had a memory response as determined by HdAg‐evoked increases in interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐10 from in vitro stimulated splenocytes and serum anti‐H. diminuta IgG. Moreover, mice infected with 5 H. diminuta 28 days previously were protected from DNBS‐induced colitis by secondary infection or 100 μg HdAg (ip.) at the time of DNBS treatment. An additional approach to managing inflammatory disease could be infection with H. diminuta followed by eliciting antiworm recall responses.
Phylogenetic evidence for a Miocene origin of Mediterranean lineages: species diversity, reproductive traits and geographical isolation
Authors: Vargas P. , Fernández‐Mazuecos M. , Heleno R. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

A review of 27 angiosperm clades (26 genera) of species‐rich and species‐poor plant groups of the Mediterranean floristic region was performed with phylogenetic and biological trait data.

The emergent pattern is that a majority of Mediterranean plant clades split from their sister groups between the Miocene (23–5 Ma) and the Oligocene (34–23 Ma), far earlier than the onset of the Mediterranean climate (ca. 3.2 Ma). In addition, 12 of 14 clades of the species‐poor group have stem ages inferred for each clade in the Miocene or older, and six of 13 clades within the species‐rich group show divergence of each stem clade within the Oligocene and/or Miocene.

High levels of species diversity are related to an ancient (Paleocene–Miocene) origin and also to recent origin (Pliocene–Pleistocene) followed by active speciation and even explosive radiations: some species and lineages diversified over a short period (Aquilegia, Cistus, Dianthus, Linaria sect. Supinae, Reseda). In the species‐rich group, key reproductive characters were found to be significantly more important for species recognition than key vegetative characters in eight clades, but no difference was found in four clades, and vegetative characters were predominant in one clade (Saxifraga). Geographical differentiation is proposed as predominant over divergence driven by pollination ecology.

We hypothesise an evolutionary process in which lineages adapted to pre‐Mediterranean (pre‐Pliocene) conditions in relatively small, xeric areas became strongly competitive and expanded as the Mediterranean climate became dominant (Pliocene–Quaternary) across the Mediterranean Basin.