bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Characterization of PEGylated Hexaphenylalanine Nanostructures Exhibiting Green Photoluminescence Emission
Authors: Diaferia Carlo , Sibillano Teresa , Altamura Davide , Roviello Valentina , Vitagliano Luigi , Giannini Cinzia , Morelli Giancarlo , Accardo Antonella 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPeptides containing aromatic residues are known to exhibit spontaneous phenomena of supramolecular organization into ordered nanostructures (NSs). In this work we studied the structural behavior and optoelectronic properties of new biocompatible materials obtained by the self‐assembly of a series of hexaphenylalanines (F6) modified at the N terminus by a PEG chain of different lengths. PEG12‐F6, PEG18‐F6, and PEG24‐F6 peptides were synthesized by coupling sequentially two, three, or four units of amino‐carboxy‐PEG6 blocks, each one containing six oxyethylene repetitions. Changes in the length and composition of the PEG chain were found to modulate the structural organization of the phenylalanine‐based nanostructures. An increase in the self‐aggregation tendency was observed with longer PEG chains, whereas, independently of the PEG length, the peptide NSs display cross‐β‐like secondary structures with an antiparallel β‐strand arrangement. WAXS/GIWAXS diffraction patterns indicate a progressive decrease in fiber order along the series. All the PEG‐F6 derivatives present blue photoluminescent (PL) emission at 460 nm, with the adduct with the longest PEG chain (PEG24‐F6) showing an additional green emission at 530 nm.
Cancer survivorship and opioid prescribing rates: A population‐based matched cohort study among individuals with and without a history of cancer
Authors: Sutradhar Rinku , Lokku Armend , Barbera Lisa 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDLittle is known about opioid prescribing among individuals who have survived cancer. Our aim is to examine a predominantly socio‐economically disadvantaged population for differences in opioid prescribing rates among cancer survivors compared with matched controls without a prior diagnosis of cancer.METHODSThis was a retrospective population‐wide matched cohort study. Starting in 2010, individuals residing in Ontario, Canada, who were 18 to 64 years of age and at least 5 years past their cancer diagnosis were matched to controls without a prior cancer diagnosis based on sex and calendar year of birth. Follow‐up was terminated at any indication of cancer recurrence, second malignancy, or new cancer diagnosis. To examine the association between survivorship and the rate of opioid prescriptions, an Andersen‐Gill recurrent event regression model was implemented, adjusting for numerous individual‐level characteristics and also accounting for the matched design.RESULTSThe rate of opioid prescribing was 1.22 times higher among survivors than among their corresponding matched controls (adjusted relative rate, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.11‐1.34). Individuals from lower income quintiles who were younger, were from rural neighborhoods, and had more comorbidities had significantly higher prescribing rates. Sex was not associated with prescribing rates. This increased rate of opioid prescribing was also seen among survivors who were 10 or more years past their cancer diagnosis (compared with their controls).CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates substantially higher opioid prescribing rates among cancer survivors, even long after attaining survivorship. This raises concerns about the diagnosis and management of chronic pain problems among survivors stemming from their cancer diagnosis or treatment. Cancer 2017;123:4286–4293. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Iron‐Doped BaMnO3 for Hybrid Water Splitting and Syngas Generation
Authors: Haribal Vasudev Pralhad , He Feng , Mishra Amit , Li Fanxing 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA rationalized strategy to optimize transition‐metal‐oxide‐based redox catalysts for water splitting and syngas generation through a hybrid solar‐redox process is proposed and validated. Monometallic transition metal oxides do not possess desirable properties for water splitting; however, density functional theory calculations indicate that the redox properties of perovskite‐structured BaMnxFe1−xO3−δ can be varied by changing the B‐site cation compositions. Specifically, BaMn0.5Fe0.5O3−δ is projected to be suitable for the hybrid solar‐redox process. Experimental studies confirm such predictions, demonstrating 90 % steam‐to‐hydrogen conversion in water splitting and over 90 % syngas yield in the methane partial‐oxidation step after repeated redox cycles. Compared to state‐of‐the‐art solar‐thermal water‐splitting catalysts, the rationally designed redox catalyst reported is capable of splitting water at a significantly lower temperature and with ten‐fold increase in steam‐to‐hydrogen conversion. Process simulations indicate the potential to operate the hybrid solar‐redox process at a higher efficiency than state‐of‐the‐art hydrogen and liquid‐fuel production processes with 70 % lower CO2 emissions for hydrogen production
A novel organizing scheme of single topic user group based on trust chain model in social network
Authors: Li Meizi , Xiang Yang , Zhang Bo , Wei Fazhuan , Song Qianqian 
Published: August 2017

SummarySocial network sites (SNS) presently face the task of grouping users into small subsets within themselves. In this study, an organizing scheme for single‐topic user groups is proposed for facilitating user sharing and communicating under common interests. The main rationales of the proposed scheme are (1) only an influential single topic is selected through its impact evaluation to attract users; (2) only the users having high degree of interest, explicit or implicit, on the topic should be grouped; and (3) trustworthy relationships among users are taken into consideration to enlarge the scale of user group. The proposed organizing scheme comprises 3 features: topic impact evaluation, interest degree measurement, and trust chain‐based organizing. The main structure of our proposed scheme is (1) an overview of the proposed scheme and its formal related definitions; (2) a topic impact evaluation method, ie, an importance evaluation and a popularity calculation; (3) a user interest degree measurement method, ie, explicit and implicit interest evaluation with dynamic factors included; (4) a trust chain calculation method based on the topology features of the trust chain; (5) an organizing algorithm for single topic user group, and finally, some experimental results and discussions to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of our scheme.
Community identity and collective efficacy: A social cure for traumatic stress in post‐earthquake Nepal
Authors: Muldoon Orla T. , Acharya Khagendra , Jay Sarah , Adhikari Kamal , Pettigrew Judith , Lowe Robert D. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPost‐Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was initially conceptualized as a psychopathology that arose as a consequence of war time experiences. More recently, available evidence has demonstrated that post‐traumatic stress (PTS) as a consequence of war is buffered by social identity processes. In such contexts, identity resources are arguably more readily accessible given the integral relationship between social identities and intergroup violence. There is no evidence as yet to suggest that social identity processes may act to reduce PTS responses to naturally occurring disasters such as earthquakes and even less data pertaining to non‐Western contexts where the impact of such disasters tends to be particularly catastrophic. This article reports on a study undertaken in earthquake‐affected regions in Nepal devastated by the April 2015 quake and its major aftershock a month later. Participants (n=399) completed measures of their earthquake experience, Post‐Traumatic Stress and Post Traumatic growth (PTG), as well as measures of community identification and collective efficacy. In total 399 people completed the measures approximately six months after the quakes. Results of the study indicated that consistent with tenets of the social identity framework, ethnic and gender group memberships impacted on reported experiences during the earthquake. Reported experience during the quakes and ethnic group membership were both related to increased symptoms of PTS. Ethnicity was also linked to the proportion of respondents reporting clinical levels of PTSD symptoms. The relationship between earthquake experience and PTG was mediated by community identification and collective efficacy. Earthquake experience also had an indirect effect on PTS through collective efficacy. Implications of these findings for those working with traumatized groups are discussed.
Aspirin and incident depressive symptoms: A longitudinal cohort study over 8 years
Authors: Veronese Nicola , Koyanagi Ai , Stubbs Brendon , Solmi Marco , Fornaro Michele , Fernandes Brisa S. , Muller Christoph , Thompson Trevor , Carvalho André F. , Maggi Stefania 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveAspirin exhibits anti‐atherosclerotic and anti‐inflammatory properties—two potential risk factors for depression. The relationship between aspirin use and depression, however, remains unclear. We investigated whether the aspirin use is associated with a decreased incidence of depressive symptoms in a large North American cohort.MethodsData from the Osteoarthritis Initiative dataset, a multicenter, longitudinal study on community‐dwelling adults was analyzed. Aspirin use was defined through self‐report in the past 30 days and confirmed by a trained interviewer. Incident depressive symptoms were defined as a score of ≥16 in the 20‐item Center for Epidemiologic Studies‐Depression scale.ResultsA total of 137 participants (mean age 65 y, 55.5% female) were using aspirin at baseline. Compared with 4003 participants not taking aspirin, no differences in Center for Epidemiologic Studies‐Depression at baseline were evident (P = .65). After a median follow‐up time of 8 years, the incidence of depressive symptoms was similar in those taking aspirin at baseline (43; 95% CI, 3‐60) and in aspirin nonusers (38; 95% CI, 36‐41) per 1000 y; log‐rank test = 0.63). Based on Cox's regression analysis adjusted for 11 potential confounders, aspirin use was not significantly associated with the development of depressive symptoms (hazard ratio = 1.12; 95% CI, 0.78‐1.62; P = .54). Adjustment for propensity scores or the use of propensity score matching did not alter the results.ConclusionOur study found that prescription of aspirin offered no significant protection against incident depressive symptoms. Whether aspirin is beneficial in a subgroup of depression with high levels of inflammation remains to be investigated in future studies.
Transoral robotic surgery for tonsillar cancer: Addressing the contralateral tonsil
Authors: Dziegielewski Peter T. , Boyce Brian J. , Old Matthew , Teknos Theodoros N. , Agrawal Amit , Patwa Hafiz , Ozer Enver 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to determine the incidence and risk factors for bilateral tonsillar cancers treated with transoral robotic surgery (TORS) and to determine the morbidity of the procedure.MethodsPatients undergoing TORS for known tonsillar cancer were retrospectively reviewed. Perioperative variables and surgical outcomes were analyzed to determine predictive factors for bilateral disease and morbidity rates.ResultsSeventy‐nine consecutive patients with tonsillar cancers underwent primary TORS radical tonsillectomy. Thirty of these patients also underwent contralateral tonsillectomy. Three patients (10%) were found to have contralateral tonsillar cancers on final pathology. These were not identified on preoperative positron emission tomography (PET)‐CT or clinical examination. There were no differences in complications, gastrostomy tube (G‐tube) rates, or length of stay (P > .05). Blood loss was 11.5 cc more in the contralateral tonsillectomy group (P = .001).ConclusionAll patients undergoing primary TORS for tonsillar cancers should also undergo contralateral tonsillectomy to optimize oncologic outcomes with no increase in morbidity.
Time to Slow Down for High‐Frequency Trading? Lessons from Artificial Markets
Authors: Veryzhenko Iryna , Arena Lise , Harb Etienne , Oriol Nathalie 
Published: August 2017

SummaryIn this paper, we focus on the French cancel order tax implemented on 1 August 2012. We question the effectiveness of the modified tax with no exemptions and we analyze its impact on market quality, measured by liquidity, volatility and efficiency. Additionally, this paper raises the question whether this tax leads to a reduction of high‐frequency trading (HFT) activities and a decline in trading volume. Based on our findings we report that introduction of cancel order tax only slightly reduces HFT activities, but it significantly affects market liquidity, increases market volatility and leads to deteriorating market efficiency. We conclude that it is difficult to dissuade investors from entering into unproductive trades and eliminate negative outputs of HFT (such as price manipulations) through tax, without altering the benefits of HFT like liquidity provision and efficient price discovery.
Orthopaedic wear particle‐induced bone loss and exogenous macrophage infiltration is mitigated by local infusion of NF‐κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotide
Authors: Lin Tzuhua , Pajarinen Jukka , Nabeshima Akira , Córdova Luis A. , Loi Florence , Gibon Emmanuel , Lu Laura , Nathan Karthik , Jämsen Eemeli , Yao Zhenyu , Goodman Stuart B. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractExcessive production of wear particles from total joint replacements induces chronic inflammation, macrophage infiltration, and consequent bone loss (periprosthetic osteolysis). This inflammation and bone remodeling are critically regulated by the transcription factor NF‐κB. We previously demonstrated that inhibition of NF‐κB signaling by using the decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) mitigates polyethylene wear particle‐induced bone loss using in vitro and in vivo models. However, the mechanisms of NF‐κB decoy ODN action, and in particular its impact on systemic macrophage recruitment, remain unknown. In the current study, this systemic macrophage infiltration was examined in our established murine femoral continuous particle infusion model. RAW264.7 murine macrophages expressing a luciferase reporter gene were injected into the systemic circulation. Quantification of bioluminescence showed that NF‐κB decoy ODN reduced the homing of these reporter macrophages into the distal femurs exposed to continuous particle delivery. Particle‐induced reduction in bone mineral density at the distal diaphysis of the femur was also mitigated by infusion of decoy ODN. Histological staining showed that the decoy ODN infusion decreased osteoclast and macrophage numbers, but had no significant effects on osteoblasts. Local infusion of NF‐κB decoy ODN reduced systemic macrophage infiltration and mitigated particle‐induced bone loss, thus providing a potential strategy to treat periprosthetic osteolysis. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3169–3175, 2017.
Pectin nanocoating reduces proinflammatory fibroblast response to bacteria
Authors: Mieszkowska A. , Folkert J. , Gaber T. , Miksch K. , Gurzawska K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractImplant failures are primarily related to bacterial infections and inflammation. Nanocoating of implant devices with organic molecules is a method used for improving their integration into host tissues and limiting inflammation. Bioengineered plant‐derived rhamnogalacturonan‐Is (RG‐Is) from pectins improve tissue regeneration and exhibit anti‐inflammatory properties. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro effect of RG‐I nanocoating on human gingival primary fibroblast (HGF) activity and proinflammatory response following Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) infection. Infected HGFs were incubated on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) plates coated with unmodified RG‐I isolated from potato pectin (PU) and dearabinanated RG‐I (PA). HGF morphology, proliferation, metabolic activity, and expression of genes responsible for extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover and proinflammatory response were examined. Following the P. gingivalis infection, PU and PA significantly promoted HGF proliferation and metabolic activity. Moreover, gene expression levels of IL1B, IL8, TNFA, and MMP2 decreased in the infected cells cultured on PU and PA, whereas the expression of COL1A1, FN1, and FGFR1 was upregulated. The results indicate that RG‐Is are promising candidates for nanocoating of an implant surface, can reduce inflammation, and enhance implant integration, particularly in medically compromised patients with chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3475–3481, 2017.
Structure, dissolution behavior, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial activity of silver‐containing calcium phosphate invert glasses
Authors: Lee Sungho , Nakano Takayoshi , Kasuga Toshihiro 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNovel CaO‐P2O5‐Nb2O5‐Ag2O invert glasses with substitution Ag2O for Nb2O5 were successfully prepared using a melt‐quenching method. Ag2O in the glasses act as a network modifier oxide, playing the same role as Na2O, which breaks the phosphate chains. Analysis of the ultraviolet‐visible absorption spectra of the glasses showed that the glass matrix contained ionic silver species and silver nanoparticles. Approximately 0.05 mM of Nb5+ ions released from the glasses, which would be expected to stimulate osteoblast differentiation. A glass containing 1 mol % Ag2O showed a linear increase in the releasing amount of Ag+ ions with increasing soaking time, whereas glasses containing 3–5 mol % Ag2O showed Ag+ ion concentrations of around 13 μM at day 3, and then maintained similar values until day 7. When the solution was replaced with fresh solution every 2 days, the Ag+ ion dissolution amounts indicated almost constantly 13 μM due to AgCl formation. There were no differences in the numbers of primary osteoblast cells on silver‐free and silver‐containing glasses after cultivation for 1–7 days. The silver‐containing calcium phosphate invert glasses showed cytocompatibility with simultaneous antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3127–3135, 2017.
Electrophoretic deposition of MgO nanoparticles imparts antibacterial properties to poly‐L‐lactic acid for orthopedic applications
Authors: Hickey Daniel J. , Muthusamy Divya , Webster Thomas J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBacterial infection of implanted biomaterials is a serious problem that increases health care costs and negatively affects a considerable fraction of orthopedic procedures. In this field, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) have emerged as a promising material to combat bacterial infection while maintaining or improving bone cell functions. Here, MgO NPs were electrophoretically deposited onto poly‐L‐lactic acid (PLLA) sheets to achieve a coating of highly exposed MgO NPs that directly influenced cell‐substrate interactions at short time scales. Samples were characterized for their surface chemistry, crystal structure, roughness, wettability, degradation characteristics, and their ability to support the growth of human fibroblasts and osteoblasts, as well as their resistance to colonization by Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In general, increasing the applied voltage during deposition increased the surface coverage of the coating and significantly decreased the colonization of all three bacterial strains (up to a 90% reduction). Furthermore, S. aureus cells that did attach onto substrates prepared at high voltages exhibited trademark signs of membrane damage and cell death. Importantly, MTS cell viability assays indicated that osteoblast adhesion increased with increasing deposition voltage, while fibroblast adhesion exhibited the opposite trend. Thus, although requiring more studies, this research provides the first evidence that MgO NP coatings prepared at relatively high voltages (120–150 V) may have the ability to resist bacterial colonization, promote bone cell attachment, and curb fibrous capsule formation. Therefore, it is recommended that this technology be further investigated and developed for numerous orthopedic applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3136–3147, 2017.
Regulation of synaptic scaling by action potential–independent miniature neurotransmission
Authors: Gonzalez‐Islas Carlos , Bülow Pernille , Wenner Peter 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSynaptic scaling represents a homeostatic adjustment in synaptic strength that was first identified as a cell‐wide mechanism to achieve firing rate homeostasis after perturbations to spiking activity levels. In this review, we consider a form of synaptic scaling that is triggered by changes in action potential‐independent neurotransmitter release. This plasticity appears to be both triggered and expressed locally at the dendritic site of the synapse that experiences a perturbation. A discussion of different forms of scaling triggered by different perturbations is presented. We consider work from multiple groups supporting this form of scaling, which we call neurotransmission‐based scaling. This class of homeostatic synaptic plasticity is compared in studies using hippocampal and cortical cultures, as well as in vivo work in the embryonic chick spinal cord. Despite differences in the tissues examined, there are clear similarities in neurotransmission‐based scaling, which appear to be molecularly distinct from the originally described spike‐based scaling.
The surgical anatomy of the vascularized lateral thoracic artery lymph node flap—A cadaver study
Authors: Tinhofer Ines E. , Meng Stefan , Steinbacher Johannes , Roka‐Palkovits Julia , Györi Eva , Reissig Lukas F. , Cheng Ming‐Huei , Weninger Wolfgang J. , Tzou Chieh Han 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundOne promising surgical treatment of lymphedema is the VLNT. Lymph nodes can be harvested from different locations; inguinal, axillary, and supraclavicular ones are used most often. The aim of our study was to assess the surgical anatomy of the lateral thoracic artery lymph node flap.Materials and MethodsIn total, 16 lymph node flaps from nine cadavers were dissected. Flap markings were made between the anterior and posterior axillary line in dimensions of 10 × 5 cm. Axillary lymph nodes were analyzed using high‐resolution ultrasound and morphologically via dissection. The cutaneous vascular territory of the lateral thoracic artery was highlighted via dye injections, the pedicle recorded by length, and diameter and its location in a specific coordinate system.ResultsOn average, 3.10 ± 1.6 lymph nodes were counted per flap via ultrasound. Macroscopic inspection showed on average 13.40 ± 3.13. Their mean dimensions were 3.76 ± 1.19 mm in width and 7.12 ± 0.98 mm in length by ultrasonography, and 3.83 ± 2.14 mm and 6.30 ± 4.43 mm via dissection. The external diameter of the lateral thoracic artery averaged 2.2 ± 0.40 mm with a mean pedicle length of 3.6 ± 0.82 cm. 87.5% of the specimens had a skin paddle.ConclusionsThe lateral thoracic artery‐based lymph node flap proved to be a suitable alternative to other VLNT donor sites.