bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Hidden Face of Wine Polyphenol Polymerization Highlighted by High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Vallverdú‐Queralt Anna , Meudec Emmanuelle , Eder Matthias , Lamuela‐Raventos Rosa M. , Sommerer Nicolas , Cheynier Véronique 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPolyphenols, including tannins and red anthocyanin pigments, are responsible for the color, taste, and beneficial health properties of plant‐derived foods and beverages, especially in red wines. Known compounds represent only the emerged part of the “wine polyphenol iceberg”. It is believed that the immersed part results from complex cascades of reactions involving grape polyphenols and yeast metabolites. We used a non‐targeted strategy based on high‐resolution mass spectrometry and Kendrick mass defect plots to explore this hypothesis. Reactions of acetaldehyde, epicatechin, and malvidin‐3‐O‐glucoside, representing yeast metabolites, tannins, and anthocyanins, respectively, were selected for a proof‐of‐concept experiment. A series of compounds including expected and so‐far‐unknown structures were detected. Random polymerization involving both the original substrates and intermediate products resulting from cascade reactions was demonstrated.
Aging of polyamide 12 in oil at different temperatures and pressures
Authors: Hernández José Leonardo Monroy , d'Almeida José Roberto Moraes 
Published: May 2017

Polyamide 12 (PA 12) is an alternative to steel in the manufacture of pipes for transporting oil and gas. However, polyamide pipes suffer degradation, triggered by factors such as temperature and exposure to chemicals. In this research, the authors studied the variation of mechanical and thermal properties and of structural characteristics of a PA 12 grade after aging in oil. The aging process lasted 3360 h. It was made at ambient temperature and at 70 °C, under pressures of 1 and 17 atm. At ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, PA 12 increased in volume, weight and rigidity, and decreased in damping. At 70 °C and atmospheric pressure, there was a smaller increase in volume and weight. PA 12 samples also darkened, showed an increase in crystallinity and damping, and a decrease in rigidity. At 70 °C and 17 atm, a decrease in volume and weight was observed; the samples also darkened, increased in crystallinity and rigidity, and decreased in damping. In all aging conditions, the results of the thermal analysis and the analysis of functional groups showed that the chemical structure of the material was not significantly changed. According to the results, PA 12 has a good resistance to aging under these conditions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synergistic effect of hybrid graphene and boron nitride on the cure kinetics and thermal conductivity of epoxy adhesives
Authors: Singh Amit Kumar , Panda Bishnu Prasad , Mohanty Smita , Nayak Sanjay Kumar , Gupta Manoj Kumar 
Published: May 2017

In the present study, the synergistic effect of hybrid boron nitride (BN) with graphene on the thermal conductivity of epoxy adhesives has been reported. Graphene was prepared by chemical reduction of graphite oxide (GO) in a mixture of concentrated H2SO4/H3PO4 acid. The particle size distribution of GO was found to be ~10 μm and a low contact angle of 54° with water indicated a hydrophilic surface. The structure of prepared graphene was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The thermal conductivity of adhesives was measured using guarded hot plate technique. Test results indicated an improvement in the thermal conductivity up to 1.65 W/mK, which was about ninefold increase over pristine epoxy. Mechanical properties of different epoxy formulations were also measured employing lap shear test. The surface characterization of different epoxy adhesive systems was characterized through XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. Fourier transform infrared also served to determine the nature of interactions between filler particles and epoxy resin. Non‐isothermal differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) technique was used to investigate the effects of graphene and BN particles on the cure kinetics and cross‐linking reaction of epoxy cured with amine curing agent. The Kissinger equation, the model‐free isoconversional Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method and the Ozawa model were used to analyze the kinetic parameter. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Room temperature deformable shape memory composite with fine‐tuned crystallization induced via nanoclay particles
Authors: Sun Yu‐Chen , Cai Shenyang , Ren Jie , E. Naguib Hani 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTIt is known that particular types of semi‐crystalline/elastomer polymer blends exhibit shape memory effects (SME) due to the dispersion of two immiscible phases. In this study, the crystal structure of polylactic acid (PLA)/ thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) based shape memory polymer (SMP) is altered by incorporating small amounts of montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay. The results indicate the incorporation of MMT can improve the compatibility of the two different polymers. Moreover, the presence of MMT affects the total crystallinity of the SMP and improves mechanical properties. Lastly, uniaxial stretching deformation can be applied to the SMP at room temperature conditions while maintaining its shape memory properties. With 1 wt % MMT particles, the recovery ratio (Rr) was nearly 95%, which indicated a strong recovery effect. The shape‐fixing ratio (Rf) remained above 95% for all composites due to plastic deformation applied at room temperature. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1197–1206
A multiband Eliashberg‐approach to iron‐based superconductors
Authors: Efremov Dmitry V. , Drechsler Stefan‐Ludwig , Rosner Helge , Grinenko Vadim , Dolgov Oleg V. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSince the discovery of the Fe‐based superconductors (FeSC) a lot of efforts has been applied to elucidate the microscopic mechanism behind cooper pairing and the symmetry of the order parameter. Examination of effective interactions of electrons with spin‐fluctuations in these systems yield that couplings are not weak and the materials have to be considered in a strong coupling scheme. In the present article, we review some aspects of the description of iron‐based superconductors in the frame of the Eliashberg approach for multiband systems. The application of the Eliashberg scheme is demonstrated with two compounds Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 and Ca0.32Na0.68Fe2As2. In both cases, it was found that these materials are in the intermediate coupling regime. Further, we consider effects of impurities on physical properties of multiband superconductors. It is demonstrated that the impurities affect nontrivially the superconducting properties. In particular, they may trigger a symmetry change of superconducting order parameters. This effect can be used for determination of the superconducting order parameter. Finally, we consider KFe2As2 and show that its thermodynamic properties are consistent with a nodal superconducting order parameter.
Effect of raindrop size distribution and rain rate inhomogeneity on the relationship between attenuation and depolarization
Authors: Chodkaveekityada Peeramed , Fukuchi Hajime 
Published: May 2017

SummaryIn addition to attenuation, depolarization due to rain is another factor that degrades satellite propagation signals, especially in the higher frequency bands and in places that have high rates of rainfall. A formula to predict cross‐polarization as a function of attenuation has been proposed, and it is derived by a theoretical calculation using frequency, the forward scattering amplitude of raindrops, rainfall rates, the raindrop size distribution (DSD), and various other propagation parameters. In this paper, a formula for predicting cross‐polarization is derived on the basis of the assumption of a gamma‐type DSD up to 100 GHz. These results are compared with conventional exponential‐type DSDs, such as the Marshall‐and‐Palmer DSD. Moreover, for a more realistic propagation situation, we consider the effect on the aforementioned relationship of rainfall rate inhomogeneity along the propagation path. It is shown that, for practical purposes, this inhomogeneity does not have a significant effect on satellite propagation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Expanded In Vitro for Treatment of Aplastic Anemia: A Multicenter Phase II Trial
Authors: Pang Yan , Xiao Hao-Wen , Zhang Hang , Liu Zeng-Hui , Li Li , Gao Yang , Li Hong-Bo , Jiang Zu-Jun , Tan Huo , Lin Jing-Ren , Du Xin , Weng Jian-Yu , Nie Da-Nian , Lin Dong-Jun , Zhang Xiang-Zhong , Liu Qi-Fa , Xu Duo-Rong , Chen Hai-Jia , Ge Xiao-Hu , Wang Xiao-Yan , Xiao Yang 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We conducted a phase II, noncomparative, multicenter study to assess the efficacy and safety of allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) expanded in vitro for patients with aplastic anemia (AA) refractory to immunosuppressive therapy. Seventy-four patients from seven centers received allogeneic BM-MSCs at a dose of 1–2 × 106 cells/kg per week for 4 weeks. Responses were assessed at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the first cells infusion. Patients with response at 1 month continued to receive four infusions. All patients were evaluable. The overall response rate was 28.4% (95% confidence interval, 19%–40%), with 6.8% complete response and 21.6% partial response. The median times to response of leukocytic, erythrocytic, and megakaryocytic linages were 19 (range, 11–29), 17 (range, 12–25), and 31 (range, 26–84) days, respectively. After median follow-up of 17 months, overall survival was 87.8%. Seven patients developed transitory and mild headache and fever, but no other adverse events were observed. Antithymocyte globulin used in previous treatment and no activated infection throughout treatment were predictors for response. Allogeneic BM-MSCs infusion is a feasible and effective treatment option for refractory AA. The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00195624.
Large‐eddy simulations with extremum‐seeking control for individual wind turbine power optimization
Authors: Ciri Umberto , Rotea Mario , Santoni Christian , Leonardi Stefano 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLarge‐eddy simulations of the flow past an array of three aligned turbines have been performed. The study is focused on below rated (Region 2) wind speeds. The turbines are controlled through the generator torque gain, as usually done in Region 2. Two operating strategies are considered: (i) preset individual optimum torque gain based on a model for the power coefficient (baseline case) and (ii) real‐time optimization of torque gain for maximizing each individual turbine power capture during operation. The real‐time optimization is carried out through a model‐free approach, namely, extremum‐seeking control. It is shown that ESC is capable of increasing the power production of the array by 6.5% relative to the baseline case. The extremum‐seeking control reduces the torque gain of the downstream turbines, thus increasing the angular speed of the blades. This results in improved aerodynamics near the tip of the blade that is the portion contributing mostly to the torque and power. In addition, an increase in angular speed leads to a larger entrainment in the wake, which also contributes to provide additional available power downstream. It is also shown that the tip speed ratio may not be a reliable performance indicator when the turbines are in waked conditions. This may be a concern when using optimal parameter settings, determined from isolated turbine models, in applications with waked turbines. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Guidelines for evaluation and treatment of lead poisoning of wild raptors
Authors: Fallon Jesse A. , Redig Patrick , Miller Tricia A. , Lanzone Michael , Katzner Todd 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTLead poisoning is a threat to birds, particularly scavenging birds of prey. With the availability of portable lead‐testing kits, an increasing number of field researchers are testing wild‐caught birds, in situ, for lead poisoning. We describe guidelines for evaluation of lead toxicity in wild raptors by outlining field testing of blood‐lead concentrations, presenting criteria for removing a lead‐poisoned bird from the wild for treatment, and suggesting strategies for effective treatment of lead intoxicated raptors. Field testing of birds is most commonly accomplished via portable electrochemical analysis of blood; visual observation of condition alone may provide insufficient evidence upon which to make a decision about lead poisoning. Our intended audience is not only the avian research community, but also rehabilitation facilities that may receive apparently uninjured birds. Best practices suggest that birds whose blood‐lead levels are <40 μg/dL be released back to the wild as soon as possible after capture. The decision to release or treat birds with blood‐lead levels between 40 μg/dL and 60 μg/dL should be made based on the presence of clinical signs of poisoning and relevant biological characteristics (e.g., breeding status). Finally, birds with blood‐lead levels >60 μg/dL are potentially lethally poisoned and best served if removed from the wild for appropriate treatment at a licensed rehabilitation facility and later released. We present guidelines for decision‐making when treating lead poisoning of wild raptors. Future work based on experimental studies will clarify the role of lead poisoning for specific species and be important to refine these guidelines to improve effectiveness. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping with Isosulfan Blue or Indocyanine Green in Colon Cancer Shows Comparable Results and Identifies Patients with Decreased Survival: A Prospective Single‐Center Trial
Authors: Weixler Benjamin , Rickenbacher Andreas , Raptis Dimitri Aristotle , Viehl Carsten T. , Guller Ulrich , Rueff Jessica , Zettl Andreas , Zuber Markus 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundSentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping was reported to improve lymph node staging in colon cancer. This study compares isosulfan blue (IB) with indocyanine green (ICG)‐based SLN‐mapping and assesses the prognostic value of isolated tumor cells (ITC) and micro‐metastases in upstaged patients.MethodsA total of 220 stage I–III colon cancer patients were included in this prospective single‐center study. In 170 patients, SLN‐mapping was performed in vivo with IB and in 50 patients ex vivo with ICG. Three levels of each SLN were stained with H&E. If negative for tumor infiltration, immunostaining for cytokeratin (AE1/3; cytokeratin‐19) was performed.ResultsSLN detection rate for IB and ICG was 100 and 98%, respectively. Accuracy and sensitivity was 88 and 75% for IB, 82 and 64% for ICG, respectively (p = 0.244). Overall, 149 (68%) patients were node negative. In these patients, ITC and micro‐metastases were detected in 26% (31/129) with IB and 17% (5/29) with ICG (p = 0.469). Patients with ITC and micro‐metastases did show decreased overall survival (hazard ratio = 1.96, p = 0.09) compared to node negative disease.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a high diagnostic accuracy for both the IB and the ICG SLN‐mapping. SLN‐mapping upstaged a quarter of patients with node negative colon cancer, and the detected ITC and micro‐metastases were an independent negative prognostic marker in multivariate analysis.
Mediators of Weight Loss Maintenance in the Keep It Off Trial
Authors: Crain A L , Sherwood N E , Martinson B C , Jeffery R W 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Background
An important step toward enhancing the efficacy of weight loss maintenance interventions is identifying the pathways through which successful interventions such as the Keep It Off trial have worked.

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the viability of mediated relationships between the Keep It Off Guided intervention, conceptually and empirically grounded potential mediators, and weight. Repeated measurement of mediators and weight enabled documentation of the temporal ordering of intervention delivery and changes in mediators and in weight among participants randomized to the Guided intervention or Self-Directed comparison group.

Methods
Total, direct, and indirect effects of the Guided intervention on weight change were calculated and tested for significance. Indirect effects were comprised of the influence of the intervention on three change scores for each mediator and the relationship between mediator changes and weight changes 6 months later.

Results
Guided intervention participants regained about 2% less weight over 24 months than Self-Directed participants. Starting daily self-weighing accounted for the largest share of this difference, followed by not stopping self-weighing.

Conclusions
Daily self-weighing mediated 24-month weight loss maintenance.

Trial Registration Number
The trial is registered withClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT00702455www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00702455).
The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism moderates the effect of cognitive reserve on 36‐month cognitive change in healthy older adults
Authors: Ward David D. , Andel Ross , Saunders Nichole L. , Thow Megan E. , Klekociuk Shannon Z. , Bindoff Aidan D. , Vickers James C. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroductionCognitive reserve (CR) and BDNF Val66Met are independently associated with the rate of cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. This study was designed to investigate the interactive effects of these variables on 36‐month cognitive change in cognitively intact older adults.MethodsData for this investigation were obtained from 445 community‐residing participants of the Tasmanian Healthy Brain Project, who underwent genetic screening and annual assessment of neuropsychological, health, and psychosocial function.ResultsOur main result was that BDNF Val66Met moderated the relationship between baseline CR and change in executive function performance, in that CR‐related differences in function decreased across the follow‐up period in BDNF Val homozygotes, but became more pronounced in BDNF Met carriers. Similar effects were not observed within the other memory‐ and language‐related cognitive domains.DiscussionInheritance of BDNF Met may be associated with a detrimental influence on the relationship between CR and cognitive change in cognitively intact older adults, but this effect may be restricted to the executive function domain.
CAEP 2016 Academic Symposium: A Writer’s Guide to Key Steps in Producing Quality Education Scholarship
Authors: Chan Teresa M. , Thoma Brent , Hall Andrew Koch , Murnaghan Aleisha , Ting Daniel K. , Hagel Carly , Weersink Kristen , Camorlinga Paola , McEwen Jill , Bhanji Farhan , Sherbino Jonathan 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
A key skill for successful clinician educators is the effective dissemination of scholarly innovations and research. Although there are many ways to disseminate scholarship, the most accepted and rewarded form of educational scholarship is publication in peer-reviewed journals.
This paper provides direction for emergency medicine (EM) educators interested in publishing their scholarship via traditional peer-reviewed avenues. It builds upon four literature reviews that aggregated recommendations for writing and publishing high-quality quantitative and qualitative research, innovations, and reviews. Based on the findings from these literature reviews, the recommendations were prioritized for importance and relevance to novice clinician educators by a broad community of medical educators.
The top items from the expert vetting process were presented to the 2016 Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) Academic Symposium Consensus Conference on Education Scholarship. This community of EM educators identified the highest yield recommendations for junior medical education scholars. This manuscript elaborates upon the top recommendations identified through this consensus-building process.
CAEP 2016 Academic Symposium on Education Scholarship: Training our Future Clinician Educators in Emergency Medicine
Authors: Woods Robert A. , Artz Jennifer D. , Carrière Benoit , Field Simon , Huffman James , Dong Sandy L. , Bhanji Farhan , Yiu Stella , Smith Sheila , Mengual Rose , Hicks Chris , Frank Jason 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Objective
To develop consensus recommendations for training future clinician educators (CEs) in emergency medicine (EM).

Methods
A panel of EM education leaders was assembled from across Canada and met regularly by teleconference over the course of 1 year. Recommendations for CE training were drafted based on the panel’s experience, a literature review, and a survey of current and past EM education leaders in Canada. Feedback was sought from attendees at the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) annual academic symposium. Recommendations were distributed to the society’s Academic Section for further feedback and updated by a consensus of the expert panel.

Results
Recommendations were categorized for one of three audiences: 1) Future CEs; 2) Academic departments and divisions (AD&amp;D) that support training to fulfill their education leadership goals; and 3) The CAEP Academic Section. Advanced medical education training is recommended for any emergency physician or resident who pursues an education leadership role. Individuals should seek out mentorship in making decisions about career opportunities and training options. AD&amp;D should regularly perform a needs assessment of their future CE needs and identify and encourage potential individuals who fulfill education leadership roles. AD&amp;D should develop training opportunities at their institution, provide support to complete this training, and advocate for the recognition of education scholarship in their institutional promotions process. The CAEP Academic Section should support mentorship of future CEs on a national scale.

Conclusion
These recommendations serve as a framework for training and supporting the next generation of Canadian EM medical educators.
Wave Propagation Analysis in Beams Using Shear Deformable Beam Theories Considering Second Spectrum
Authors: Gul U. , Aydogdu M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this study, wave propagation in beams is studied using different beam theories like Euler-Bernoulli, Timoshenko and Reddy beam theories. Dispersion curves obtained for these beam theories are compared with the exact plane elasticity solutions. It is obtained that, there are two branches for Reddy beam theory similar to the Timoshenko beam theory. However, one branch is obtained for Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The effects of in-plane load on Timoshenko and Reddy beam theories are examined and dispersion curves of the Timoshenko and Reddy beams are compared with exact plane elasticity solution. In Timoshenko beam theory, qualitative difference between the two spectrums has been lost with in-plane loads for some wave numbers.