bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention enhances short‐term monocular deprivation effect
Authors: Wang Jue , He Xin , Bao Min 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPatching one eye of an adult human for a few hours has been found to promote the dominance of the patched eye, which is called short‐term monocular deprivation effect. Interestingly, recent work has reported that prolonged eye‐specific attention can also cause a shift of ocular dominance toward the unattended eye though visual inputs during adaptation are balanced across the eyes. Considering that patching blocks all input information from one eye, attention is presumably deployed to the opposite eye. Therefore, the short‐term monocular deprivation effect might be, in part, mediated by eye‐specific attentional modulation. Yet this question remains largely unanswered. To address this issue, here we asked participants to perform an attentive tracking task with one eye patched. During the tracking, participants were presented with both target gratings (attended stimuli) and distractor gratings (unattended stimuli) that were distinct from each other in fundamental visual features. Before and after one hour of tracking, they completed a binocular rivalry task to measure perceptual ocular dominance. A larger shift of ocular dominance toward the deprived eye was observed when the binocular rivalry testing gratings shared features with the target gratings during the tracking compared to when they shared features with the distractor gratings. This result, for the first time, suggests that attention can boost the strength of the short‐term monocular deprivation effect. Therefore, the present study sheds new light on the role of attention in ocular dominance plasticity.
Comparison of depression with anxious distress and melancholic depression from the perspective of psychomotor disturbance
Authors: Tamada Yu , Inoue Takeshi , Sekine Atsushi , Toda Hiroyuki , Takeshima Minoru , Sasaki Masaaki , Fujimura Yota , Ohmae Susumu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimIn the DSM‐5, it is specified that severe cases of major depressive disorder with anxious distress (ANXD) may be accompanied with motor agitation. Agitation, on the other hand, is one of the main characteristics of major depressive disorder with melancholic features (MEL). The purpose of this study was to compare ANXD and MEL in terms of psychomotor disturbance.MethodsA total of 106 patients with major depressive disorder were included in the study. Psychomotor disturbance was assessed using the CORE measure. The associations of ANXD and MEL with the CORE measure subscales of psychomotor retardation, agitation, and noninteractiveness were analyzed using multivariate logistic analysis.ResultsRetardation scores (odds ratio [OR] = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52–0.77) were associated with fewer diagnoses of ANXD, whereas agitation scores (OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.60–3.13) were associated with more diagnoses of ANXD. Both noninteractiveness (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.06–1.42) and agitation (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.02–1.58) scores were associated with increased diagnoses of MEL.ConclusionAmong the characteristics of psychomotor disturbance, agitation is a common feature of both ANXD and MEL, and ANXD and the agitated type of MEL may be overlapping concepts. On the other hand, ANXD is distinguished from the retarded type of MEL by its low level of retardation, whereas MEL but not ANXD is characterized by noninteractiveness.
Responses of ‘Flordaguard’ and ‘MP‐29’ Prunus spp. rootstocks to hypoxia and high root zone temperature
Authors: Richmond‐Cosie Logan , Schaffer Bruce , Shahid Muhammad A. , Chaparro José X. , Sarkhosh Ali 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSelecting the right rootstock is crucial for successful fruit production and managing both biotic and abiotic stresses in commercial fruit orchards. To enhance the resilience of peach orchards, this study evaluated the physiological and biochemical responses of Prunus spp. rootstocks , ‘Flordaguard’ and ‘MP‐29,’ under normoxia (sufficient oxygen content) or short‐term hypoxia (low‐oxygen content) and ambient or high temperature (40°C) in the root zone. Physiological responses measured were net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, intercellular CO2 concentration, water use efficiency, the leaf chlorophyll index, and the maximum potential quantum efficiency of photosystem II. The leaf concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, sulfur, boron, zinc, manganese, iron, and copper were also analyzed. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants analyzed were superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, proline content, glycine betaine content (GB), lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide (O2−) concentration, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration. When subjected to root zone hypoxia or high temperature individually, ‘MP‐29’ performed better physiologically than ‘Flordaguard’. However, when root zone hypoxia and high temperature were combined, ‘MP‐29’ performed better biochemically with enhanced antioxidant activity, osmolyte content, and nutrient absorption. Nutrient analysis of leaves revealed that ‘MP‐29’ had higher N, P, K, Ca, and B concentrations than ‘Flordaguard’. Consequently, ‘MP‐29’ demonstrated greater tolerance to short‐term exposure to the combined effects of high root zone temperature and hypoxia. This research contributes to identifying a suitable rootstock within the Prunus genus able to withstand root zone conditions that often result from severe weather events commonly experienced in Florida and other parts of the world.
How to improve academic achievement of students? The influence of academic emphasis on academic achievement with the mediating roles of school belonging, student engagement, and academic resilience
Authors: Baş Gökhan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to examine the influence of academic emphasis on academic achievement, with the mediating roles of school belonging, student engagement, and academic resilience. The research adopted a cross‐sectional model, with a sample of 452 participants selected through a two‐stage stratified sampling procedure from public primary, middle, and high schools, including students (n = 400) and school principals (n = 52). The research adopted Academic Emphasis Scale, School Belonging Scale, Student Engagement Scale, and Academic Resilience Scale as data collection tools. Also, for determining academic achievement, students' grade point average scores in reading, mathematics, and science were used. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothetical model created based on the research variables, by using Mplus 8.3. The results of the research indicated that there were positive associations between variables. The research also showed that the measurement model provided a good fit to the data, with displaying statistically significant paths. The research suggested that academic emphasis has a positive influence on academic achievement, with school belonging, student engagement, and academic resilience playing mediating roles.
Features of children with critical asthma hospitalized in a pediatric intensive care unit: Results from the ICU‐3A study
Authors: Eusebe Claire , Dauger Stéphane , Leger Pierre‐Louis , Houdouin Véronique , Renolleau Sylvain , Amat Flore 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite improvements in long‐term asthma treatment, an increasing number of children are being hospitalized in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) for asthma. The main objective of this study was to describe a recent cohort of children hospitalized in PICU for asthma to identify risk factors associated with a need for respiratory support, and multiple PICU stays.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study in three PICUs in Paris (intensive care units 3A Study), using medical files of children hospitalized for asthma between February 2019 and October 2020. Need for respiratory support was defined by the need for high‐flow nasal cannula or mechanical ventilation (MV) (either noninvasive [NIV] or invasive [IMV]).ResultsDuring the study period, 252 stays corresponding to 234 patients were analyzed. MV was required in 17.5% of stays, for significantly younger patients (2.37 vs. 4.18 years, p = 0.002). On multivariate analysis, a higher risk of progression to a need for respiratory support was found for children requiring magnesium sulfate or oxygen therapy ≥6 L/mn before PICU admission (RR 4.48; CI95% [1.85−10.89]; p = 0.001, and RR 2.86; CI95% [1.13−7.22]; p = 0.03, respectively), and those with atelectasis detected on chest radiography (RR 3.38; CI95% [1.43−8.00]; p < 0.01). Multiple PICU stays were associated with greater social deprivation (RR for French Deprivation Index 1.25; CI95% [1.03−1.51]; p = 0.03).ConclusionChildren experiencing social deprivation are at greater risk of multiple PICU stays for severe asthma. After transfer to PICU, children with chest radiograph detected atelectasis on admission are at higher risk of needing respiratory support.
Synthesis and Properties of N1, N3‐di (2,4‐dinitrophenyl) −2‐fluoro‐1,3‐diamino‐4,6‐ Dinitrobenzene and its Analogues
Authors: Zhang Xincheng , Li Yanyan , Luo Xiaoyu , Zhang Zhibo , Zhou Qiuju , Chen Luyao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolynitrobenzene compounds are a type of heat‐resistant explosives with excellent thermal stability. This study reported three novel energetic compounds, namely compounds N1, N3‐bis(2,4‐dinitrophenyl)‐2‐fluoro‐4,6‐dinitrobenzene‐1,3‐ diamine (3), 2‐fluoro‐4,6‐dinitro‐N1,N3‐bis(2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl)benzene‐1,3‐ diamine (4), and 2‐chloro‐4,6‐dinitro‐N1,N3‐bis(2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl)benzene‐1,3‐ diamine (6). The target compounds were prepared with commercially available 2,3,4‐trifluoronitrobenzene and 2,3,4‐trichloronitrobenzole. The crystalline structures of compounds 3, 4, and 6 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and the crystal densities (ρ) were calculated to be 1.7585 g cm−3, 1.6651 g cm−3, and 1.7371 g cm−3, respectively. Based on the calculated standard molar enthalpy of formation and crystal densities, the Chapman–Jouguet detonation properties of 3, 4, and 6 were predicted. Their enthalpy of formation (ΔHf), detonation velocities (D), and detonation pressures (P) were in the ranges of 110.1 kJ mol−1 to 349.9 Kj mol−1, 7264 m s−1 to 7770 m s−1, and 21.8 GPa to 25.9 GPa, respectively. Notably, the density, thermal decomposition temperature, detonation velocity, detonation pressure, and impact sensitivity value of compound 3 were 1.76 g cm−3, 313°C, 7546 m s−1, 24.2 GPa, and 16 J, respectively, suggesting that compound 3 is a high‐performance heat‐resistant explosive.
Is prostatic adenocarcinoma detectable by urine cytology—A multicenter retrospective review
Authors: Tang Cheuk‐Yin , Li Joshua J. X. , Leung Ka Long , Ma Hei Yuet , Ng Joanna K. M. , Yan Ryan T. L. , Teoh Jeremy Y. , VandenBussche Christopher J. , Tse Gary M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionUrine cytology is robust for the diagnosis of urothelial lesions, but data on the detection rates of prostatic adenocarcinoma in urine cytology is limited. In this study, a multicenter review was performed to define the clinical role of urine cytology in diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma.MethodsCytologic diagnoses of lower tract urine cytology specimens with histology‐proven prostatic adenocarcinoma from three institutions, from a period of over two decades, were reviewed. Clinicopathological parameters—tumor grade, stage, histologic features, and preanalytical factors—prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level and lesion size, were retrieved and compared with cytologic diagnoses.ResultsIn total, 2115 urine cytology specimens from 1119 patients were retrieved. The atypia (or above/C3+) and suspicious (or above/C4+) rates were 19.48% and 3.36%. Bilobar and extracapsular involvement, lymphovascular invasion, Gleason score, and International Society of Urological Pathology grade were associated with a positive urine diagnosis (p < 0.05). The atypia (C3+) and suspicious (C4+) rates of urine cytology in patients with a PSA level of ≤4.0 ng/mL was paradoxically higher (p < 0.01), but PSA levels correlated positively with urine diagnosis at higher cutoffs (>10, >20, >50, >100 ng/mL). All these factors remained significant on multivariate analysis (p < 0.05), including a negative correlation with low‐PSA (≤4.0 ng/mL, p = 0.001) and positive correlation with high‐PSA (>20 ng/mL, p = 0.020). Lesion size and multifocality were not associated with urine cytology diagnosis (p > 0.05).ConclusionUrine cytology showed low sensitivity in detection of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Detection rates were largely positively correlated with PSA levels but not for lesion size nor multifocality, limiting its clinical utility.
Nutritional strategies for improving sarcopenia outcomes in older adults: A narrative review
Authors: Goes‐Santos Beatriz R. , Carson Brian P. , da Fonseca Guilherme Wesley Peixoto , von Haehling Stephan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSarcopenia is characterized by a decline in muscle strength, generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass, and impaired physical performance, which are common outcomes used to screen, diagnose, and determine severity of sarcopenia in older adults. These outcomes are associated with poor quality of life, increased risk of falls, hospitalization, and mortality in this population. The development of sarcopenia is underpinned by aging, but other factors can lead to sarcopenia, such as chronic diseases, physical inactivity, inadequate dietary energy intake, and reduced protein intake (nutrition‐related sarcopenia), leading to an imbalance between muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown. Protein digestion and absorption are also modified with age, as well as the reduced capacity of metabolizing protein, hindering older adults from achieving ideal protein consumption (i.e., 1–1.5 g/kg/day). Nutritional supplement strategies, like animal (i.e., whey protein) and plant‐based protein, leucine, and creatine have been shown to play a significant role in improving outcomes related to sarcopenia. However, the impact of other supplements (e.g., branched‐chain amino acids, isolated amino acids, and omega‐3) on sarcopenia and related outcomes remain unclear. This narrative review will discuss the evidence of the impact of these nutritional strategies on sarcopenia outcomes in older adults.
Towards a 2DEnVar surface data assimilation approach within the convective scale numerical weather prediction model AROME‐France
Authors: Marimbordes Sophie , Birman Camille , Arbogast Etienne , Fourrié Nadia , Mahfouf Jean‐François 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSurface data assimilation (DA) plays a key role in the initialisation of soil variables in coupled surface–atmosphere numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Météo‐France, as many other NWP centres, uses an operational surface DA method based on an optimal interpolation (OI), implemented more than 30 years ago. The current surface DA system implemented at Météo‐France in the operational limited‐area AROME‐France model operates in two steps. First, a two‐dimensional OI method analyses the diagnostic screen‐level parameters, which are then used to initialise the prognostic soil variables according to a one‐dimensional OI method. This article presents the implementation and the results of a new two‐dimensional ensemble‐based variational (2DEnVar) system, using the object‐oriented prediction system framework, for the diagnostic screen‐level variable analyses (2‐m temperature and 2‐m relative humidity) within the AROME‐France model. These analysed variables are then used to initialise the soil temperature and soil moisture of the first and second soil layers. A two‐dimensional variational system is initially implemented and compared with an equivalent system that uses an OI surface analysis. The comparison of 2‐m temperature increments shows that the two systems behave in a similar way. From this two‐dimensional variational approach, a 2DEnVar scheme is developed and compared with the OI screen‐level analysis used operationally (reference system). The results are encouraging even though a degradation in forecast quality is noticed at short ranges for 2‐m temperature and 2‐m relative humidity. This is mainly due to a low spread near the surface in the ensemble‐based data assimilation that is used to compute background‐error covariances in 2DEnVar. Sensitivity tests have been performed to improve the initial version of the 2DEnVar scheme. A positive and significant impact is noticed when a multiplicative inflation is applied to the background perturbations coming from the ensemble‐based data assimilation for the computation of 2‐m temperature and 2‐m relative humidity background‐error covariances. Finally, when comparing the inflated 2DEnVar system with the reference, the two systems behave similarly. This suggests that the 2DEnVar scheme, based on ensemble statistics, is capable of properly reconstructing background‐error structures derived from the empirical correlations described in OI.
A novel technique of airway silicon stent deployment under vision—Dr. Vidyasagar's technique
Authors: Vidyasagar Belgundi Preeti , Gonuguntla Harikishan , Radia Sejal B. , Dhulipala Suhas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe conventional methods of silicon stent insertion recommend usage of external loading devices, where the stent is folded into the loading device and pushed in to the tracheobronchial tree using an external pusher which is blind, and leads to placement of stent either distally or proximally needing repositioning or is done with fluoroscopy that involves radiation exposure. We demonstrate our experience in 16 cases of successful silicon stent placement using this technique, wherein an Ultrathin flexible bronchoscope or Hopkins Rigid telescope is pushed alongside the forceps that hold upper end of the folded silicon stent allowing stent placement under direct vision with control over the stent. The Proximal end of the stent can be pulled under vision before deployment for appropriate positioning while pulling the rigid barrel. The stent is always under the operator's control providing excellent control over placement, simplifies the procedure and is safe with no reported complications.
Improving Electrochemical Performance in Planar On‐Chip Zn‐ion Micro‐Batteries via Interlayer Strategies
Authors: Zhu Yijia , Naresh Nibagani , Liu Xiaopeng , Luo Jingli , Fan Yujia , Cao Mengjue , Li Bing , Wang Mingqing , Boruah Buddha Deka 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe imperative development of planar on‐chip micro‐batteries featuring high‐capacity electrodes and environmentally safer, cost‐effective, and stable systems is crucial for powering forthcoming miniaturized systems‐on‐chip smart devices. However, research in the area of high‐stability micro‐batteries is limited due to the complex fabrication process, the stability of micro‐electrodes during cycling, and the challenge of maintaining higher capacity within a limited device footprint. In response to this need, this study focuses on providing highly stable and high‐capacity micro‐electrodes. This involves adding a PEDOT layer between the electrode material and the current collector, applied within a planar polyaniline cathode and zinc anode device structure to enhance charge storage performance. This straightforward strategy not only improves device stability over long‐term cycling and reduces charge transfer resistance but also increases charge storage capacities from 17.64 to 19.75 µAh cm−2 at 0.1 mA cm−2. Consequently, the Zn‐ion micro‐batteries achieve notable peak areal energy and power of 18.82 µWh cm−2 and 4.37 mW cm−2, respectively. This work proposes an effective strategy to enhance the electrochemical performance of planar micro‐batteries, a critical advancement for the development of advanced portable electronics.
Cost‐Effective Acetonitrile‐Based Precursor Solution Mitigates Heterogeneous Nucleation for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Pu Wei , Li Bo , Liu Yang , Huang Yu , Yue Hanyu , Zhang Meng , Tian Jianjun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSolution‐processing is the primary method for fabricating high‐efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs), where solvent choice critically influences film formation and quality. Although additives can optimize film formation dynamics by balancing nucleation and growth of perovskite, they can also induce heterogeneous nucleation due to competitive coordination and varying crystallization kinetics, leading to compositional heterogeneity and structural disorders. Herein, a perovskite precursor solution is developed using acetonitrile (ACN) as a weak coordination host solvent instead of the traditional N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF). The ACN‐based perovskite precursor solution reduces heterogeneous nucleation typically caused by the competitive coordination effect of DMF, and cuts costs by half compared to DMF‐based precursor solutions. This approach promotes a single crystallization pathway via a dimethyl sulfoxide‐solvated intermediate phase to α‐FAPbI3, which extends the anti‐solvent operation window, and enhances the crystallinity of perovskite films, and reduces defect states. The power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 23.62% and 20.13% is achieved for the PSC and minimodule, respectively. The PSC retains over 97% of its initial efficiency after 800 h of continuous illumination under maximum power point tracking (MPPT). These findings provide valuable insights into solvent interactions in perovskite film formation and offer a cost‐effective strategy for improving the device's performance and stability.
k‐mer genome‐wide association study for anthracnose and BCMV resistance in a Phaseolus vulgaris Andean Diversity Panel
Authors: Wiersma Andrew T. , Hamilton John P. , Vaillancourt Brieanne , Brose Julia , Awale Halima E. , Wright Evan M. , Kelly James D. , Buell C. Robin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAccess to broad genomic resources and closely linked marker‐trait associations for common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) can facilitate development of improved varieties with increased yield, improved market quality traits, and enhanced disease resistance. The emergence of virulent races of anthracnose (caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) highlight the need for improved methods to identify and incorporate pan‐genomic variation in breeding for disease resistance. We sequenced the P. vulgaris Andean Diversity Panel (ADP) and performed a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) to identify associations for resistance to BCMV and eight races of anthracnose. Historical single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐chip and phenotypic data enabled a three‐way comparison between SNP‐chip, reference‐based whole genome shotgun sequence (WGS)‐SNP, and reference‐free k‐mer (short nucleotide subsequence) GWAS. Across all traits, there was excellent concordance between SNP‐chip, WGS‐SNP, and k‐mer GWAS results—albeit at a much higher marker resolution for the WGS data sets. Significant k‐mer haplotype variation revealed selection of the linked I‐gene and Co‐u traits in North American breeding lines and cultivars. Due to structural variation, only 9.1 to 47.3% of the significantly associated k‐mers could be mapped to the reference genome. Thus, to determine the genetic context of cis‐associated k‐mers, we generated draft whole genome assemblies of four ADP accessions and identified an expanded local repertoire of disease resistance genes associated with resistance to anthracnose and BCMV. With access to variant data in the context of a pan‐genome, high resolution mapping of agronomic traits for common bean is now feasible.