bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating a new program in entrepreneurship education: A case study in colombia
Authors: Heriot Kirk C. , Campbell Noel D. 
Published: January 2018

Entrepreneurship has been widely recognized as having greatly influenced the United States. Its influence has especially been documented over the past 20 years. Paralleling our societal interest in entrepreneurship has been increasing interest in entrepreneurship education. While our interest in entrepreneurship education has grown considerably over the past two decades, this field of study continues to have critics both within and outside of schools and colleges of business (Kuratko 2004). In spite of these criticisms, some researchers suggest that the United States is still far ahead of other regions of the world in terms of entrepreneurial education (Solomon et al. 1998).
Using entrepreneurship education in the United States as a point of departure, this article uses a case study to analyze the efforts of a private university in Bogota, Colombia, to create a new program in entrepreneurship. The Colombian Legislature passed Law 590 in July 2000 as a means to promote and develop entrepreneurship in the nation. Shortly thereafter a private university in Bogota started a new program in entrepreneurship. At the university's invitation, a small number of faculty from U.S. universities participated in the school's “kick-off” efforts. The paper offers analysis and recommendations based on five criteria: 1) What is taught, 2) Why it is taught, 3) How it is taught, 4) How well it works, and 5) Leadership support. In addition, rather than simply adopting a U.S. or European model of entrepreneurship education, the authors propose that they should develop a center that integrates lessons from other models with elements that are relevant to the local situation.
Entrepreneurial expansion plans: An empirical investigation of infrastructure predictors
Authors: Liao Jianwen , Welsch Harold P. , Pistrui David 
Published: January 2018

Entrepreneurship and the development of new business continue to be the forefront of socioeconomic development in virtually all economies today. Despite evidence of increasing research into entrepreneurial growth, the existing research is limited by the fact that most studies define entrepreneurial growth as a unidimensional construct and operationalize it as “realized” growth relying on financially based measures. Consequently, this article has two objectives: (1) to develop a set of accurate and comprehensive entrepreneurial growth measures; and (2) to test a series of hypotheses regarding precursors of growth intentions‐more specifically, to what extent, infrastructure factors affect entrepreneurial growth intentions. These two questions were examined using Entrepreneurial Profile Questionnaire (EPQ) in the context of Romania.
Results from factor analysis revealed refined patterns of entrepreneurial growth, including resource aggregation, market expansion, and technological improvement. The relationships between infrastructure and entrepreneurial growth were tested using a multiple regression model. Overall, it was posited that infrastructure is positively related to entrepreneurial growth. However, in most of the cases, the opposite proved to be true. These findings suggest that the Romanian entrepreneurs would pursue expansion plans in spite of the obstacles thrown into their path. Perhaps they have already developed strategies about overcoming those obstacles and in that process have developed the strength, ingenuity, and confidence to grow their new business ventures. Perhaps the many years that Romanians were confronted with numerous political and economical obstacles have prepared them to be much more flexible and adaptive.These counter-intuitive findings reflect on the hardiness and perseverance of the Romanian entrepreneurs.
Handbook of bioentrepreneurship
Authors: Bell Joseph R. 
Published: January 2018

Book review by Joseph R. Bell. Patzelt, Holger and Thomas Brenner, eds. Handbook of Bioentrepreneurship. New York: Springer, 2008. ISBN 9780387483436
The Handbook of Bioentrepreneurship represents volume 4 in the International Handbook Series on Entrepreneurship.This book is a collection of articles covering the rapidly evolving biotechnology industry.
Unravelling the Identity, Metabolic Potential and Global Biogeography of the Atmospheric Methane‐Oxidizing Upland Soil Cluster α
Authors: Pratscher Jennifer , Vollmers John , Wiegand Sandra , Dumont Marc G. , Kaster Anne‐Kristin 
Published: January 2018

SummaryUnderstanding of global methane sources and sinks is a prerequisite for the design of strategies to counteract global warming. Microbial methane oxidation in soils represents the largest biological sink for atmospheric methane. However, still very little is known about the identity, metabolic properties and distribution of the microbial group proposed to be responsible for most of this uptake, the uncultivated upland soil cluster α (USCα). Here, we reconstructed a draft genome of USCα from a combination of targeted cell sorting and metagenomes from forest soil, providing the first insights into its metabolic potential and environmental adaptation strategies. The 16S rRNA gene sequence recovered was distinctive and suggests this crucial group as a new genus within the Beijerinckiaceae, close to Methylocapsa. Application of a fluorescently labelled suicide substrate for the particulate methane monooxygenase enzyme (pMMO) coupled to 16S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) allowed for the first time a direct link of the high‐affinity activity of methane oxidation to USCα cells in situ. Analysis of the global biogeography of this group further revealed its presence in previously unrecognized habitats, such as subterranean and volcanic biofilm environments, indicating a potential role of these environments in the biological sink for atmospheric methane.
APC gene promoter aberrant methylation in serum as a biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Qian Xiaojun , Ruan Liwei 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of APC gene promoter methylation in serum as a biomarker for breast cancer (BC) diagnosis.MethodsTwo reviewers systematically searched online resources to identify the publications relevant to APC gene promoter methylation and BC. The data of true positive, false positive, false negative, and true negative were extracted from each included study and pooled for diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and summary receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsTwelve studies finally fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta‐analysis. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.20 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17–0.23), 0.96 (95% CI 0.93–0.97), 3.69 (95% CI 1.60–8.50), 0.83 (95% CI 0.75–0.92), 4.58 (95% CI 1.85–11.37) and 0.80, respectively. A Deeks’ funnel plot and Egger's line regression test (t = 1.43, P = 0.18) indicated no publication bias was present.ConclusionBecause of low sensitivity, APC gene promoter methylation in serum was not suitable for BC screening. However, as specificity was very high, detection of serum APC gene promoter methylation could be used as tool to confirm BC.
Effects of higher‐tier agri‐environment scheme on the abundance of priority farmland birds
Authors: Walker L. K. , Morris A. J. , Cristinacce A. , Dadam D. , Grice P. V. , Peach W. J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAgri‐environment schemes (AES) are the main policy mechanism available for reversing the widespread declines of European farmland biodiversity. We assessed the impact of AES land management on the abundance of bird species whose populations have declined as a consequence of agricultural intensification. The AES involved the deployment of a whole‐farm package of wildlife‐friendly land management options covering an average of 7% of the farmed area. The study was conducted across three English regions and focused on species of conservation concern and on a wider suite of farmland birds comprising the UK Government's Farmland Bird Indicator (FBI). Changes in avian abundance on AES farms were compared with those measured across the wider farmed landscape as part of a national bird monitoring scheme. Twelve out of 17 priority species, and the FBI, showed more positive changes in abundance on AES farms in at least one region. Eight species exhibited sustained responses to AES management in at least one region, and eight species exhibited a temporary enhancement in abundance in at least one region. Temporary responses to AES management followed a large scale failure of key AES options to establish during successive wet and cold summers, and involved species known to depend on the habitats provided by these options. In order to offset ongoing declines of FBI species in the wider farmed countryside of 2.3–4.1% per annum, we estimate 26–33% of FBI populations would need to be subject to AES‐type management. This study demonstrates the potential for AES land management to substantially enhance the abundance of priority farmland birds and highlights the need for option packages that are resilient to the impacts of variable weather conditions.
Wrapping newborn infants in cloth and newspaper after delivery led to higher temperatures on arrival at the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Agrawal Nitika , Das Kunal , Patwal Prachi , Pandita Neerul , Gupta Alpa 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimNeonatal hypothermia is a preventable cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, and wrapping neonates in newspaper sandwiched between cotton sheets is a simple intervention. This 2017 Indian pilot study tested the heat insulating property of sandwiched sheets.MethodsAt birth, we randomised 100 neonates who were more than 32 weeks of gestation and needed neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) observation or care without a ventilator or bilevel positive airway pressure support into two groups of 50. The intervention and control groups were wrapped in two prewarmed sheets at birth that did or did not contain a layer of newspaper. Their axillary temperatures on arrival at the NICU and one hour after arrival were measured. Other environmental factors were similar.ResultsThe neonates wrapped in the sandwiched sheets showed significantly higher temperatures on arrival at the NICU than the control group (35.9°C versus 35.4°C, p < 0.01) and after one hour (36.5°C versus 36.3°C, p < 0.01). No change in behaviour or training was required for the healthcare staff to implement this initiative.ConclusionWrapping newborn infants in two cloth sheets with a newspaper layer resulted in a higher body temperature on arrival at the NICU and after one hour.
Increased temperature accelerates glycogen synthesis and delays fatigue in isolated mouse muscle during repeated contractions
Authors: Hanya E. , Katz A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimElevated glycogen content in muscle delays fatigue during exercise. We examined if increasing muscle temperature during recovery from exercise affects glycogen synthesis and muscle performance during a subsequent bout of exercise.MethodsIsolated mouse extensor digitorum longus muscles were stimulated electrically to perform repeated tetanic contractions until force decreased to 40% of initial at 25°C. Thereafter, muscles recovered for 120 minutes at 25°C (control), 120 minutes at 35°C or 60 minutes at 35°C followed by 60 minutes at 25°C. After recovery, muscles were again stimulated to fatigue at 25°C.ResultsIn the control group, the number of contractions in the second run was slightly less than during the first run (92 ± 5%). Following recovery for 120 minutes at 35°C, the number of contractions was similar to the first run (98 ± 6%). Allowing recovery for 120 minutes at 35°C in the presence of the antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine also did not alter the number of contractions in the second run (98 ± 3%). However, recovery for 60 minutes at 35°C followed by 60 minutes at 25°C resulted in an increase in the number of contractions during the second run (110 ± 2%, P < .001). Incorporation of [14C]glucose into glycogen (glycogen synthesis) during recovery was 1.7‐fold higher at 35°C vs 25°C (1.44 ± 0.08 μmol (30 min)−1 (g wet muscle)−1 vs 0.84 ± 0.04; P < .001).ConclusionThese data demonstrate that, under the conditions studied, elevating muscle temperature for 60 minutes following a bout of repeated contractions delays muscle fatigue during a subsequent bout of repeated contractions and this is associated with enhanced glycogen synthesis in isolated muscle.
Maternal exposure to benzodiazepine and risk of preterm birth and low birth weight: A case‐control study using a claims database in Japan
Authors: Ogawa Yusuke , Takeshima Nozomi , Furukawa Toshi A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeTo examine (1) if the use of benzodiazepines and antidepressants during pregnancy may increase the risk of preterm birth and/or low birth weight (LBW), and, if yes, (2) which types of benzodiazepines or antidepressants have stronger influences.MethodsA case‐control study was performed using a large claims database in Japan. Cases were mothers who had given birth to preterm and/or LBW infants between 2005 and 2014 (737 with preterm births and 1615 with LBW). Controls were mothers who had neither experienced preterm birth nor given birth to an LBW infant.ResultsOverall, 42 058 births were included. The maternal use of benzodiazepines was significantly associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11‐3.69, P < .05), while the maternal use of benzodiazepines was not significantly associated with LBW (adjusted OR, 1.55; 0.96‐2.50). The use of antidepressants was not significantly associated with both preterm deliveries (adjusted OR, 0.57; 0.08‐4.16) and LBW (adjusted OR, 0.56; 0.14‐2.29).ConclusionsBenzodiazepine use was associated with increased risk of preterm birth but not with LBW. Antidepressant use was not associated with both preterm deliveries and LBW.
Expression pattern of immunosurveillance‐related antigen in adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma
Authors: Asano Naoko , Miyoshi Hiroaki , Kato Takeharu , Shimono Joji , Yoshida Noriaki , Kurita Daisuke , Sasaki Yuya , Kawamoto Keisuke , Ohshima Koichi , Seto Masao 
Published: January 2018

AimsAdult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and β2 microglobulin (β2M) serve as key molecules in tumour immunity, and their expression is reduced frequently in tumour cells. Programmed cell death (PD)‐1/PD‐ligand1 (PD‐L1) interactions play a role in escape of tumour cells from T cell immunity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the clinicopathological relevance of HLA and β2M expressions in ATLL cells and PD‐L1 expression in lymphoma or stromal cells and predict the overall survival of patients with ATLL.Methods and resultsWe analysed a total of 123 biopsy samples from patients newly diagnosed with ATLL by using immunohistochemical analysis. Of the patients enrolled, 91 (74%) were positive for HLA (in cell membrane, 60 patients), 89 (72%) were positive for β2M (in cell membrane, 54 patients) and 48 (39%) were positive for both HLA and β2M in the cell membrane (HLAm+β2Mm+). No significant clinical differences other than prognosis were found between the HLAm+β2Mm+ group and the other groups. Immunophenotypical evaluation revealed significantly higher rates of CD30‐positive lymphoma cells (P = 0.003) and PD‐L1‐positive stromal cells in microenvironments (miPD‐L1high) (P = 0.011) of the HLAm+β2Mm+ group than in the other groups. The HLAm+β2Mm+ group had a significantly better prognosis that the other groups (P = 0.0096), and patients showing HLAm+β2Mm+ with miPD‐L1high had the most favourable prognosis among all groups.ConclusionsThe membranous expression of HLA and β2M is likely to reflect the immune response and would be useful to predict prognosis before starting ATLL therapy.
Evaluating interactions between space‐use sharing and defence under increasing density conditions for the group‐territorial Red‐cockaded Woodpecker Leuconotopicus borealis
Authors: Garabedian James E. , Moorman Christopher E. , Peterson M. Nils , Kilgo John C. 
Published: January 2018

Information about how bird species respond to increasing density conditions through either space‐use sharing or increased territoriality, and how those changes affect fitness, is essential for effective conservation planning. We used a case study of endangered Red‐cockaded Woodpeckers Leuconotopicus borealis (RCW) to address these questions. We documented over 36 000 locations from 44 RCW groups in three density conditions on two sites in South Carolina, USA, between April 2013 and March 2015. The frequency of neighbouring group interactions differed among density conditions and was highest for high‐density groups. RCW home‐ranges and core‐areas were larger under low‐density conditions ( = 88.4 ha, = 21.0 ha) than under medium ( = 68.29 ha, = 16.6 ha) and high‐density ( = 76.3 ha, = 18.6 ha) conditions. Neighbouring RCWs maintained overlapping home‐ranges with nearly exclusive core‐areas across density conditions, but overlap tended to increase as neighbouring group density increased. Under high‐density conditions, home‐range overlap correlated inversely with clutch size (β ± se = −0.19 ± 0.09), nestling production (β ± se = −0.37 ± 0.09) and fledgling production (β ± se = −0.34 ± 0.08). Our results indicate that RCWs dedicate more effort to territorial defence under high‐density conditions, potentially at the expense of greater foraging efficiency and time allocated to reproduction, as evidenced by reduced fitness. Large home‐range overlap indicated limited territoriality farther away from cavity trees, but the existence of exclusive core‐areas suggests that RCW groups defend habitat closer to cavity trees. Thiessen partitions used to allocate critical foraging habitat offered comprehensive habitat protection for RCW but appear flawed for spatially explicit habitat assessments because they do not accurately delineate space used by individual RCW groups.
Transcriptional levels of the cancer‐related genes p53, TAp63/73, and ∆Np63/73 in the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) after lead exposure
Authors: Guerreiro Amanda da Silveira , Rola Regina C. , Almeida Daniela V. , Sandrini Juliana Z. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe major role of the p53 gene family is related to the maintenance of genetic stability, protecting organisms from a wide range of stressors. Considering the importance of p53 in cancer development, this study aimed to analyze the expression of p53 isoforms in the mussel Mytilus edulis after lead exposure. We detected the p53 isoform both in the gills and in the digestive gland of mussels, but detected TAp63/73 and ∆Np63/73 isoforms only in the gills. Lead exposure induced upregulation of p53 mRNA levels in the digestive gland, without any effect in the gills. Conversely, mRNA levels of the TAp63/73 and ∆Np63/73 isoforms were downregulated in the gills after 1 d of exposure to lead. These results suggest that some similarities may exist between vertebrates and invertebrates and, specifically, that the balance between isoforms may represent a crucial step in cellular homeostasis. Moreover, the transcription of these cancer‐related genes seems to be regulated in a tissue‐ and time‐specific manner.
Perceptions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy among podiatrists practicing in high‐risk foot clinics
Authors: Henshaw Frances R , Brennan Lauren , MacMillan Freya 
Published: January 2018

Foot ulceration is a devastating and costly consequence of diabetes. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is recognised as an adjunctive therapy to treat diabetes‐related foot ulceration, yet uptake is low. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 16 podiatrists who manage patients with foot ulcers related to diabetes to explore their perceptions of, and the barriers/facilitators to, referral for hyperbaric oxygen.Podiatrists cited logistical issues such as location of facilities as well as poor communication pathways, lack of delegation and lack of follow up when patients presented for hyperbaric treatment. In general, podiatrists had an understanding of the premise of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and evidence to support its use but could only provide very limited citations of key papers and guidelines to support their position. Podiatrists stated that they felt a patient was lost from their care when referred for hyperbaric oxygen and that aftercare might not be adequate.Improved referral and delegation pathways for patients presenting for hyperbaric oxygen, as well as the provision of easily accessible evidence to support this therapy, could help to increase podiatrists’ confidence in deciding whether or not to recommend their patients for hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Impact of clinically evident portal hypertension on clinical outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transarterial chemoembolization
Authors: Kim Nam Hee , Lee Taeheon , Cho Yong Kyun , Kim Byung Ik , Kim Hong Joo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study is to determine the impact of clinically evident portal hypertension (CEPH) on prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with Child–Pugh A cirrhosis who underwent transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).MethodsA retrospective data analysis was performed for a total of 388 treatment‐naïve HCC patients with Child–Pugh A cirrhosis who underwent TACE as first‐line treatment from January 2000 to June 2014. Cumulative occurrence rate of complete response (CR), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients with CEPH and those without CEPH (esophageal/gastric varices or low platelet count [< 100 000 per mm3] associated with splenomegaly).ResultsAmong 388 patients, 252 (64.9%) had CEPH, while 136 (35.1%) had no evidence of CEPH at the time of HCC diagnosis. Cumulative probability of the occurrence of CR was significantly lower in patients with CEPH than that in patients without CEPH (P < 0.001). Median PFS was significantly shorter in patients with CEPH than that in patients without CEPH (5 vs 31 months, P < 0.001). Five‐year OS rate was significantly lower in patients with CEPH than that in patients without CEPH (41.5% vs 77.5%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that the presence of CEPH was the most powerful poor prognostic factor for the occurrence of CR (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09–0.28; P < 0.001), PFS (aHR, 5.01; 95% CI, 3.08–8.12; P < 0.001), and OS (aHR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.66–5.23; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe presence of CEPH should be considered as a major negative prognostic factor for patients with HCC who will undergo TACE.