bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical coherence tomography evaluation of tissue prolapse after carotid artery stenting using closed cell design stents for unstable plaque
Authors: Harada Kei , Oshikata Shogo , Kajihara Masahito 
Published: March 2017

Background and purposeDuring carotid artery stenting (CAS) with the use of closed cell design stents for unstable plaques, tissue prolapse between stent struts was evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT).Methods14 carotid stenosis lesions diagnosed as unstable plaques by MRI were evaluated by OCT imaging during CAS using closed cell stents. Cross sectional OCT images within the stented segment were evaluated at 1 mm intervals. The slice rate for the presence of tissue prolapse between the struts was calculated.ResultsNo intra-procedural complications occurred. After single stent placement, plaque prolapse was observed in all cases. Slices with any and >500 µm tissue prolapse were seen in 30% and 7.8% of cases, respectively. In 5 of 7 lesions with tissue prolapse >500 µm, additional stents were overlapped. In cases with overlapping stents, slices with any tissue prolapse were significantly decreased from 26% to 16% (p=0.008); in particular, the occurrence of tissue prolapse >500 µm was significantly decreased from 15% to 2.3% (p<0.001). In one case of >500 µm tissue prolapse without an overlapping stent, delayed embolization due to an in-stent thrombus occurred 9 months after the procedure.ConclusionsOCT during CAS using closed cell stent for unstable plaques frequently revealed tissue prolapse between struts. Placement of overlapping stents significantly reduced tissue prolapse, particularly tissue prolapse >500 µm. However, closed cell stents used for unstable plaques may not solve the problem of tissue prolapse.
Fat metaplasia on MRI of the sacroiliac joints increases the propensity for disease progression in the spine of patients with spondyloarthritis
Authors: Maksymowych W P , Wichuk S , Chiowchanwisawakit P , Lambert R G , Pedersen S J 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveWe tested the hypothesis that fat metaplasia on MRI of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) increases the propensity for new bone formation in the spine of patients with spondyloarthritis.MethodsWe assessed baseline T1-weighted and short τ inversion recovery SIJ MRIs from patients in the Follow Up Research Cohort in Ankylosing Spondylitis (FORCAST). Radiographic progression was assessed using the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS). Structural and inflammatory lesions were scored using the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) SIJ structural and SPARCC SIJ inflammation scores, respectively. Radiographic progression was compared in cases with and without definite MRI lesions (score ≥2 or <2) and the extent of MRI lesions at baseline was compared in patients with and without radiographic progression. The predictive capacity of MRI SIJ lesions for radiographic progression in the spine was assessed in univariate and multivariate regression analyses.ResultsThe extent of MRI structural lesions in the SIJ at baseline was significantly greater in those patients who had spinal radiographic progression on follow-up (p=0.003, 0.02, 0.003 for fat metaplasia, backfill and ankylosis, respectively). Also, radiographic progression was significantly greater in cases with definite baseline SIJ ankylosis (p=0.008). In multivariate regression that included all types of MRI lesions and was adjusted for age, sex, symptom duration, duration of follow-up, CRP, baseline mSASSS and treatment, the extent of SIJ fat metaplasia and ankylosis at baseline were independently associated with radiographic progression.ConclusionsSIJ ankylosis and fat metaplasia but not inflammatory lesions increase the propensity for radiographic progression in the spine.
Voluntary upregulation of reflex cough is possible in healthy older adults and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Brandimore Alexandra E. , Hegland Karen W. , Okun Michael S. , Davenport Paul W. , Troche Michelle S. 
Published: March 2017

Cough is an airway-protective mechanism that serves to detect and forcefully eject aspirate material. Existing research has identified the ability of healthy young adults to suppress or modify cough motor output based on external cueing. However, no study has evaluated the ability of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and healthy older adults (HOAs) to upregulate cough motor output. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of people with PD and healthy age-matched controls (HOAs) to upregulate reflex and voluntary cough function volitionally with verbal instruction and visual biofeedback of airflow targets. Sixteen participants with PD and twenty-eight HOAs (56–83 yr old) were recruited for this study. Experimental procedures used spirometry to evaluate 1) baseline reflex cough (evoked with capsaicin) and voluntary sequential cough and 2) reflex and voluntary cough with upregulation biofeedback. Cough airflow was recorded and repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze differences in cough airflow parameters. Cough peak expiratory airflow rate and cough expired volume were significantly greater in the cueing condition for both induced reflex ( P < 0.001) and voluntary cough ( P < 0.001) compared with baseline measures. This is the first study to demonstrate the ability of people with PD and HOAs to upregulate induced reflex and voluntary cough motor output volitionally. These results support the development of studies targeting improved cough effectiveness in patients with airway-protective deficits. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aspiration pneumonia is a leading cause of death in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and results from concurrent dysphagia and dystussia (cough dysfunction). This is the first study to demonstrate that people with PD and healthy age-matched controls can volitionally upregulate induced reflex and voluntary cough effectiveness when presented with novel cueing strategies. Thus targeting upregulation of cough effectiveness via biofeedback may be a viable way to enhance airway protection in people with PD.
Impact of positive pressure ventilation on mean systemic filling pressure in critically ill patients after death
Authors: Repessé Xavier , Charron Cyril , Geri Guillaume , Aubry Alix , Paternot Alexis , Maizel Julien , Slama Michel , Vieillard-Baron Antoine 
Published: March 2017

Mean systemic filling pressure (Pms) defines the pressure measured in the venous-arterial system when the cardiac output is nil. Its estimation has been proposed in patients with beating hearts by building the venous return curve, using different pairs of right atrial pressure/cardiac output during mechanical ventilation. We raised the hypothesis according to which the Pmsis altered by tidal ventilation and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), which would challenge this extrapolation method based on cardiopulmonary interactions. We conducted a two-center, noninterventional, observational, and prospective study, using an arterial and a venous catheter to measure the pressure in the circulatory system at the time of death in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients with a PEEP. Arterial (Part) and venous pressures (Pra) were recorded in five conditions: at end expiration and end inspiration with and without PEEP and finally once the ventilator was disconnected. Partand Pradid not differ in any experimental conditions. Tidal ventilation increased Praand Partby 2.4 and 1.9 mmHg, respectively, whereas PEEP increased both values by 1.2 and 1 mmHg, respectively. After disconnection of the ventilator, Praand Partwere 10.0 ± 4.2 and 9.9 ± 4.2 mmHg, respectively. Pmsincreases during mechanical ventilation, with an effect of tidal ventilation and PEEP. This calls into question the validity of its evaluation in heart-beating patients using cardiopulmonary interactions during mechanical ventilation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The physiology of the mean systemic filling pressure (Pms) is not well understood in human beings. This study is the first report of a tidal ventilation- and positive end-expiratory pressure-related increase in Pmsin critically ill patients. The results challenge the utility and the value estimating Pmsin heart-beating patients by reconstruction of the venous return curve using varying inflation pressures.
Insulin Receptor and GPCR Crosstalk Stimulates YAP via PI3K and PKD in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Hao Fang , Xu Qinhong , Zhao Yinglan , Stevens Jan V. , Young Steven H. , Sinnett-Smith James , Rozengurt Enrique 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe examined the impact of crosstalk between the insulin receptor and G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathways on the regulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) localization, phosphorylation, and transcriptional activity in the context of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Stimulation of PANC-1 or MiaPaCa-2 cells with insulin and neurotensin, a potent mitogenic combination of agonists for these cells, promoted striking YAP nuclear localization and decreased YAP phosphorylation at Ser127 and Ser397. Challenging PDAC cells with either insulin or neurotensin alone modestly induced the expression of YAP/TEAD–regulated genes, including connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61), and CXCL5, whereas the combination of neurotensin and insulin induced a marked increase in the level of expression of these genes. In addition, siRNA-mediated knockdown of YAP/TAZ prevented the increase in the expression of these genes. A small-molecule inhibitor (A66), selective for the p110α subunit of PI3K, abrogated the increase in phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate production and the expression of CTGF, CYR61, and CXCL5 induced by neurotensin and insulin. Furthermore, treatment of PDAC cells with protein kinase D (PKD) family inhibitors (CRT0066101 or kb NB 142-70) or with siRNAs targeting the PKD family prevented the increase of CTGF, CYR61, and CXCL5 mRNA levels in response to insulin and neurotensin stimulation. Thus, PI3K and PKD mediate YAP activation in response to insulin and neurotensin in pancreatic cancer cells.Implications: Inhibitors of PI3K or PKD disrupt crosstalk between insulin receptor and GPCR signaling systems by blocking YAP/TEAD–regulated gene expression in pancreatic cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res; 15(7); 929–41. ©2017 AACR.
Homocysteine and Stroke Risk
Authors: Zhao Min , Wang Xiaobin , He Mingli , Qin Xianhui , Tang Genfu , Huo Yong , Li Jianping , Fu Jia , Huang Xiao , Cheng Xiaoshu , Wang Binyan , Hou Fan Fan , Sun Ningling , Cai Yefeng 
Published: March 2017

Background and Purpose—
Elevated blood homocysteine concentration increases the risk of stroke, especially among hypertensive individuals. Homocysteine is largely affected by the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and folate status. Among hypertensive patients, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the association between homocysteine and stroke can be modified by the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and folic acid intervention.

Methods—
We analyzed the data of 20 424 hypertensive adults enrolled in the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial. The participants, first stratified by methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype, were randomly assigned to receive double-blind treatments of 10-mg enalapril and 0.8-mg folic acid or 10-mg enalapril only. The participants were followed up for a median of 4.5 years.

Results—

In the control group, baseline log-transformed homocysteine was associated with an increased risk of first stroke among participants with the CC/CT genotype (hazard ratio, 3.1; 1.1–9.2), but not among participants with the TT genotype (hazard ratio, 0.7; 0.2–2.1), indicating a significant gene–homocysteine interaction (
P
=0.008). In the folic acid intervention group, homocysteine showed no significant effect on stroke regardless of genotype. Consistently, folic acid intervention significantly reduced stroke risk in participants with CC/CT genotypes and high homocysteine levels (tertile 3; hazard ratio, 0.73; 0.55–0.97).

Conclusions—
In Chinese hypertensive patients, the effect of homocysteine on the first stroke was significantly modified by the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T genotype and folic acid supplementation. Such information may help to more precisely predict stroke risk and develop folic acid interventions tailored to individual genetic background and nutritional status.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00794885.
Nonmeteorological Influences on Severe Thunderstorm Warning Issuance: A Geographically Weighted Regression-Based Analysis of County Warning Area Boundaries, Land Cover, and Demographic Variables
Authors: White Megan L. , Stallins J. Anthony 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Studies have shown that the spatial distribution of severe thunderstorm warnings demonstrates variation beyond what can be attributed to weather and climate alone. Investigating spatial patterns of these variations can provide insight into nonmeteorological factors that might lead forecasters to issue warnings. Geographically weighted regression was performed on a set of demographic and land cover descriptors to ascertain their relationships with National Weather Service (NWS) severe thunderstorm warning polygons issued by 36 NWS forecast offices in the central and southeastern United States from 2008 to 2015. County warning area (CWA) boundaries and cities were predominant sources of variability in warning counts. Global explained variance in verified and unverified severe thunderstorm warnings ranged from 67% to 81% for population, median income, and percent imperviousness across the study area, which supports the spatial influence of these variables on warning issuance. Local regression coefficients indicated that verified and unverified warning counts increased disproportionately in larger cities relative to the global trend, particularly for NWS weather forecast office locations. However, local explained variance tended to be lower in cities, possibly due to greater complexity of social and economic factors shaping warning issuance. Impacts of thunderstorm type and anthropogenic modification of existing storms should also be considered when interpreting the results of this study.
Clinical feasibility of simultaneous multi-slice imaging with blipped-CAIPI for diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion-tensor imaging of the brain
Authors: Yokota Hajime , Sakai Koji , Tazoe Jun , Goto Mariko , Imai Hiroshi , Teramukai Satoshi , Yamada Kei 
Published: March 2017

Background Simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) imaging is starting to be used in clinical situation, although evidence of clinical feasibility is scanty. Purpose To prospectively assess the clinical feasibility of SMS diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) with blipped-controlled aliasing in parallel imaging for brain lesions. Material and Methods The institutional review board approved this study. This study included 156 hyperintense lesions on DWI from 32 patients. A slice acceleration factor of 2 was applied for SMS scans, which allowed shortening of the scan time by 41.3%. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated for brain tissue of a selected slice. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated in 36 hyperintense lesions with a diameter of three pixels or more. Visual assessment was performed for all 156 lesions. Tractography of the corticospinal tract of 29 patients was evaluated. The number of tracts and averaged tract length were used for quantitative analysis, and visual assessment was evaluated by grading. Results The SMS scan showed no bias and acceptable 95% limits of agreement compared to conventional scans in SNR, CNR, and ADC on Bland–Altman analyses. Only FA of the lesions was higher in the SMS scan by 9% ( P = 0.016), whereas FA of the surrounding tissues was similar. Quantitative analysis of tractography showed similar values. Visual assessment of DWI hyperintense lesions and tractography also resulted in comparable evaluation. Conclusion SMS imaging was clinically feasible for imaging quality and quantitative values compared with conventional DWI and DTI.
Prospective Evaluation of Surgical Treatment of Humeral Avulsions of the Glenohumeral Ligament
Authors: Provencher Matthew T. , McCormick Frank , LeClere Lance , Sanchez George , Golijanin Petar , Anthony Shawn , Dewing Christopher B. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) is an infrequent but significant contributor to shoulder dysfunction, instability, and functional loss. Purpose: To prospectively identify patients with HAGL lesions and then conduct retrospective evaluation of the clinical history, examination findings, and surgical outcomes of these patients. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Over a 6-year period (2006-2011), patients with shoulder dysfunction and a HAGL lesion that was confirmed via magnetic resonance arthrogram (MRA) were prospectively evaluated with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Patient demographics, presentation, examination, and surgical findings were documented. Outcomes of return to activity as well as Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) scores were recorded at final follow-up. Anterior HAGL (aHAGL) lesions were repaired with a partial subscapularis tenotomy approach, while reverse (rHAGL) lesions were repaired arthroscopically. Results: Of 28 patients, 27 (96%) completed the study requirements at a mean of 36.2 months (range, 24-68 months). The sample contained 12 females (44%) and 15 males (56%), who had a mean age of 24.9 years (range, 18-34 years). The chief complaint reported was pain in 23 patients (85%), while only 4 (15%) patients complained primarily of recurrent instability symptoms. Fourteen patients (52%) had aHAGL lesions, 10 patients (37%) had rHAGL lesions, and 3 patients (11%) had combined aHAGL and rHAGL lesions. Ten patients (37%) had concomitant HAGL lesions and labral tears, whereas 17 patients (63%) had isolated HAGL lesion without labral tear. The 17 patients (63%) with aHAGL lesions or combined lesions underwent a partial subscapularis tenotomy approach, while the remaining 10 patients (37%) with rHAGL lesions underwent arthroscopic surgical repair. After surgery, WOSI outcomes improved from 54% to 88% and SANE outcomes improved from 50% to 91% ( P < .01 for both), with no reports in recurrence of instability symptoms at final follow-up. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that patients with symptomatic HAGL lesions predominantly report shoulder pain and dysfunction, with few chief complaints of recurrent instability complaints. After surgery, patients showed predictable return to full activity, improvement in objective and patient-reported outcomes, and satisfaction with treatment outcome.
Evaluation of the ACR and SLICC classification criteria in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Lythgoe H , Morgan T , Heaf E , Lloyd O , Al-Abadi E , Armon K , Bailey K , Davidson J , Friswell M , Gardner-Medwin J , Haslam K , Ioannou Y , Leahy A , Leone V , Pilkington C , Rangaraj S , Riley P , Tizard E J , Wilkinson N , Beresford M W 
Published: March 2017

Objectives The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) group proposed revised classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLICC-2012 criteria). This study aimed to compare these criteria with the well-established American College of Rheumatology classification criteria (ACR-1997 criteria) in a national cohort of juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) patients and evaluate how patients’ classification criteria evolved over time. Methods Data from patients in the UK JSLE Cohort Study with a senior clinician diagnosis of probable evolving, or definite JSLE, were analyzed. Patients were assessed using both classification criteria within 1 year of diagnosis and at latest follow up (following a minimum 12-month follow-up period). Results A total of 226 patients were included. The SLICC-2012 was more sensitive than ACR-1997 at diagnosis (92.9% versus 84.1% p < 0.001) and after follow up (100% versus 92.0% p < 0.001). Most patients meeting the SLICC-2012 criteria and not the ACR-1997 met more than one additional criterion on the SLICC-2012. Conclusions The SLICC-2012 was better able to classify patients with JSLE than the ACR-1997 and did so at an earlier stage in their disease course. SLICC-2012 should be considered for classification of JSLE patients in observational studies and clinical trial eligibility.
Community Participation or Manufactured Consent? Strategies for Implementation of Drinking Water Project ‘Jalanidhi’ in Kerala (India)
Authors: Govind Madhav , Babu Abhilash 
Published: March 2017

The present study explains how the state engages with the dominant groups in the community and how people’s consent is manufactured to legitimize the implementation of the project. On the basis of focus group discussion with beneficiaries and informal interview of implementing actors, the study shows that people’s responses towards ‘Jalanidhi’ vary as per their socio-economic positions in the society. While the middle and the upper class people were generally favouring the project, the poor and weaker sections were strongly opposing the idea of user charge for drinking water. The middle class viewed the user charge for drinking water as ‘normal’ and more efficient compared to the state-driven supply; the lower class, especially those who belonged to the scheduled castes (SC) and scheduled tribes (ST), viewed it as a violation of their rights. Yet, they were denied any alternative to the neoliberal agenda of community-based drinking water supply and were forced to conform to the project. The study focuses on using the insights developed by Michel Foucault. His genealogical analysis offers tools to understand the forms of power relations at the grassroots. The study uses ‘Jalanidhi’ as a context to examine these concepts and shows how it can be used to understand the processes that lead to the social acceptance of commodification of natural resources like water.
(Meth)Acrylate Occupational Contact Dermatitis in Nail Salon Workers: A Case Series
Authors: DeKoven Samuel , DeKoven Joel , Holness D. Linn 
Published: March 2017

Background: Recently, many cases of acrylate-associated allergic contact dermatitis have appeared among nail salon workers. Common acrylate-containing products in nail salons include traditional nail polish, ultraviolet-cured shellac nail polish, ultraviolet-cured gel nails, and press-on acrylic nails. Methods: Nail salon technicians seen in the occupational medicine clinic in 2015 and 2016 were identified, and their patch test results and clinical features were summarized. Patch testing was done with the Chemotechnique (Meth)Acrylate nail series, and either the North American Standard series or the North American Contact Dermatitis Group screening series. Results: Six patients were identified, all women, ages 38 to 58. Common presentations included erythematous dermatitis of the dorsa of the hands, palms, and forearms and fissures on the fingertips. Less common sites of eruptions included the periorbital region, cheeks, posterior ears, neck, sacral area, lateral thighs, and dorsa of the feet. All patients reacted to hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 5 patients reacted to ethyl acrylate. Each patient also reacted to (meth)acrylates that are not found on either standard series, including ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. Conclusions: The authors report 6 cases of allergic contact dermatitis to acrylates in nail technicians seen over the past year, representing a new trend in their clinic. These cases are reflective of a growing trend of nail technicians with allergic contact dermatitis associated with occupational (meth)acrylate exposure. Efforts to improve prevention are needed.