bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GPS network observation of traveling ionospheric disturbances following the Chelyabinsk meteorite blast
Authors: Ding Feng , Mao Tian , Hu Lianhuan , Ning Baiqi , Wan Weixing , Wang Yungang 
Published: November 2016

Abstract. We use the Global Positioning System (GPS) network in northwest China and central Asia to monitor traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), which were possibly excited by the large meteorite blast over Chelyabinsk, Russia, on 15 February 2013. Two TIDs were observed. The first TID was observed 13 min after the blast within a range of 270–600 km from the blast site. It propagated radially from the blast site with a mean velocity and period of 369 m s−1 and 12 min, respectively. The second TID was found in northwest China, 1.5 h after the time of the blast, at  ∼  2500–3100 km from the blast site. This latter TID propagated southeastward with a velocity and period of 410 m s−1 and 23 min, respectively. Severe dissipation of the perturbation total electronic content (TEC) amplitude was observed. Any TIDs propagating in a global range was not found after the meteorite blast. Features of TIDs were compared with those excited by early nuclear explosion tests. It is inferred from our analysis that the energy release of the Chelyabinsk meteorite blast may not be large enough to excite such ionospheric disturbances in a global range as some nuclear explosions did.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus in patients who undergo hemodialysis in Antalya province, Turkey
Authors: Kizilates Filiz , Berk Hande , Coban Melahat , Seyman Derya , Sarikaya Metin , Sari Funda , Oztoprak Nefise 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV) infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality in patients who undergo hemodialysis (HD).

Objectives
To define seroprevalence of HBV and HCV in patients who underwent HD in Antalya province, Turkey.

Methods
We included 1347 patients with end-stage renal failure who underwent HD at one of the 23 centers in Antalya province from January 01 to March 31, 2014 in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV seropositivity were assessed clinically using a third-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. HBV DNA and HCV RNA were determined in HBsAg positive and anti- HCV positive HD patients respectively.

Results
Of the patients included, 805 (59.8%) were male. Mean age (± standard deviation) of the patients was 53.9 ± 17.0 (range 17–89) years. The sera of 2.4% patients was positive for HBsAg, and the sera of 5.5% of the patients was positive for anti-HCV. The sera of 56% of patients positive for HBsAg was also positive for HBV DNA, and the sera of 43% of patients positive for anti-HCV was also positive for HCV RNA. Coexistence of HBsAg and anti-HCV was 1.02%.

Conclusions
The present study showed that the prevalence of chronic HBV and HCV infection in patients who underwent HD in Antalya province was moderate-to-low for Turkey. Compliance of HD centers with infection control rules, isolation of HBsAg positive patients, isolation of the equipment used for HBV susceptible patients, and active surveillance of the HD patients may have resulted in lower prevalence rates.
Detection of masses and microcalcifications in digital mammogram images using fuzzy logic
Authors: Langarizadeh Mostafa , Mahmud Rozi , Bagherzadeh Rafat 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
Detection of small breast lesions is a challenging task for radiologists. Computer aided detection (CAD) systems are implemented to aid radiologists in detecting masses and microcalcifications. This has the potential to raise the level of sensitivity in breast cancer detection.

Objectives
To evaluate a new system to detect suggestions of suspicious small lesions.

Methods
Small samples were extracted from different tissue types. Texture features were calculated, and the best features were selected using Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) software. Subsequently, 7 selected features were used to form a decision tree. To reduce false negative cases, fuzzy logic was used. In the implementation phase, input images were divided into 8 pixel ´ 8 pixel tiles. For each tile, all selected features were computed as fuzzy inputs.

Results
To evaluate the technique, the suggested system was applied to 326 images obtained from the National Cancer Society of Malaysia. Based on this application, results showed that the suggested system has an acceptable sensitivity of 85.6% and specificity of 90.7%.

Conclusions
The fuzzy system is a promising technique for early detection of breast cancer.
Comparison of the knowledge, attitudes toward, and practices of contraception between Thai Muslim women living in Bangkok and those living in the southernmost provinces of Thailand
Authors: Saelim Jureeporn , Santibenchakul Somsook , Jaisamrarn Unnop 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
There are limited data on the use of contraception by Thai Muslim women.

Objectives
To compare and explore the knowledge, attitudes toward, and practices (KAP) of contraception between Thai Muslim women living in Bangkok and those living in the Southernmost provinces. Variables associated with KAP were also examined.

Methods
This was a community-based cross-sectional study, which was conducted in the Muslim communities in Bangkok and those in the southernmost provinces of Thailand including Yala, Pattani, and Narathiwat. A multistage, cluster sampling technique was used to identify participants. Only literate Thai Muslim women who lived in their hometown, and aged between 15–49 years were included in the analysis. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess participants’ KAP of contraception.

Results
Data from 423 participants were analyzed. Knowledge and attitude scores between the two groups were comparable. A higher proportion of women from the southernmost provinces used contraceptives. However, when a multivariate regression model was used to adjust for other variables, women’s geographical residence was not associated with higher knowledge and attitude scores, or contraceptive practices. College-level education and higher income level were independent factors associated with contraceptive knowledge. A higher knowledge score was independently related to a positive attitude towards contraception. Only number of children and income level were independently associated with contraceptive practices.

Conclusions
For Thai Muslim women, geographical residence was not significantly associated with KAP of contraception. The educational level, income level, and number of children of the women played major roles in KAP of contraception.
Feasibility of withholding dexamethasone premedication for hypersensitivity reactions associated with paclitaxel administration
Authors: Tanpipattanakul Walailuk , Poovorawan Nattaya , Rattananupong Thanapoom , Laoitthi Poranee , Sithidetphaiboon Piyada , Thanasanvimon Suebpong , Sriuranpong Virote , Parinyanitikul Napa 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
Premedication with dexamethasone is crucial to prevent hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) associated with administration of taxanes. However, high dose and prolonged exposure to dexamethasone may cause adverse effects.

Objectives
To determine the incidence of HSR in patients with early breast cancer who did or did not receive dexamethasone prophylaxis for weekly paclitaxel infusions.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the records of a cohort of patients with early breast cancer who received paclitaxel weekly from January 2012 through March 2015 at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. All patients received a standard premedication protocol including dexamethasone before their first paclitaxel infusion. Dexamethasone was omitted in later cycles in some patients at the discretion of the attending physician. Data concerning the baseline characteristics of the patient, details of the premedication protocol, including dose and schedule of dexamethasone, and HSR events were collected in this observational study.

Results
Data were drawn from 86 breast cancer patients (median age 52.6 years) treated with a total of 984 cycles of paclitaxel chemotherapy. No patient had any history of allergy or HSR to taxanes. Dexamethasone was omitted in 617 later cycles. Six patients had grade II-III HSR (7.0%), which occurred mostly during the first 6 cycles (5/6, 83.3%). The incidence of HRS was 3/367 cycles (0.82%) with dexamethasone premedication (P = 0.99) and 5/617 (0.81%) without.

Conclusions
Withholding dexamethasone premedication for paclitaxel chemotherapy was feasible, and did not result in a higher incidence of HSR. However, an optimal schedule for dexamethasone warrants investigation in a prospective manner.
Incidence and outcomes of acute lung injury in the surgical intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Chaiwat Onuma , Suwannasri Worawan , Sak-aroonchai Jedsadayoot , Kanavitoon Sawita , Piriyapathsom Annop , Sirisatjawat Chainida , Kulana Nusara 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
Although the pathophysiology and treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are well established, the incidence and outcomes of ALI have not been extensively reported. Variations in healthcare systems, demographics, socioeconomics, and levels of intensive care units (ICU) may explain remarkable differences in outcomes reported.

Objectives
To evaluate the incidence and outcomes of ALI/ARDS at the surgical ICU (SICU) at Siriraj Hospital of Mahidol University, Bangkok.

Methods
We included patients aged ≥18 years admitted to the general SICU between June 1, 2010 and May 31, 2013 in this prospective, cohort observational study. All patients required ≥24 h of ventilatory support. The study outcomes were the incidence of ALI/ARDS, SICU length of stay, and mortality rate.

Results
Of 2523 patients admitted to the SICU, 495 (20%) required ≥24 h ventilatory support, and 15 (3%) developed ALI/ARDS. ALI/ARDS occurred on day 2 of ventilatory support. ARDS was caused by sepsis and pneumonia. The patients who developed ALI/ARDS had a higher APACHE II score (P = 0.001) and end-stage renal disease (P = 0.01). Pneumonia and acute kidney injury were more severe in patients with ALI and ARDS (40% vs 9%, P = 0.002; 33% vs 10%, P = 0.02, respectively). Ventilatory support duration, SICU lengths of stay and hospital mortality were higher in the ALI/ARDS group.

Conclusions
The incidence of ALI/ARDS in the SICU was low, but the mortality rate was high. A larger sample size is necessary to identify independent risk factors for ALI/ARDS.
La garantía de empleo de las personas de edad. Su concreción en el ámbito internacional y en la Unión Europea
Authors: Pérez Amorós Francesc , Rojo Torrecilla Eduardo 
Published: November 2016

El artículo aborda la regulación de la protección del empleo de las personas de edad avanzada en el ámbito internacional y en el de la Unión Europea. En primer lugar, realiza una aproximación general a la situación de las personas de edad avanzada en el mercado de trabajo y los problemas que tienen para su permanencia en el mismo. A continuación son objeto de atención las normas dictadas por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo y por la Unión Europea. Se presta igualmente atención a las orientaciones generales de política de empleo de la UE por el impacto que tienen sobre los trabajadores de mayor edad.
The Role of Sound in Film Translation: Subtitling Embodied Aural Experience in Aki Kaurismäki’s Lights in the Dusk
Authors: Kokkola Sari 
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this article is twofold. First, by adopting a film studies-oriented approach to AVT it seeks to build common ground between translation studies and film studies—two disciplines that have remained curiously distant from each other, even though the film and translation industries are closely interrelated at the practical level. Second, by introducing study of the aural dimension of audiovisual texts—in particular film sound—to AVT, this article presents a new concept of text for AVT research that allows for the analysis of audiovisual texts as dynamic entities consisting of the visual, the aural and the verbal. These are seen as equally important constituent parts of audiovisual texts; they do not simply coexist but transform each other at the moment of perception. The role of sound in film translation is examined by applying phenomenologically informed theories of film sound, mainly Michel Chion’s (1994) theory of audio-vision, to the context of film subtitling. According to Chion, film viewing is based on cross-modal perception, i.e. synchronous sound and image are experienced as a unit, a “synchresis” (ibid., p. 63). Chion argues that filmic image and sound transform each other at the moment of perception, producing added value (ibid., p. 5). These audiovisual combinations not only address the viewer at the conceptual level but also contribute to the intensity and flow of the viewing experience that is to a large extent conveyed non-verbally. This paper argues that the translator’s decisions influence the added value created by image and sound and direct the viewer’s perception of a film, often overemphasizing the verbal element, thus narrowing the film’s non-verbally conveyed meanings and decreasing its emotional and esthetic appeal. These points are illustrated by presenting examples of the English and German subtitled versions of Aki Kaurismäki’s film Laitakaupungin valot (Lights in the Dusk).
La bande animée coréenne peut-elle rester animée en français ?
Authors: Jeanmaire Guillaume 
Published: November 2016

La bande dessinée coréenne (manhwa) est « animée » par l’omniprésence d’iconotermes imitant non seulement des sons (onomatopées), mais aussi des mouvements qui peuvent être tant physiques (gestes, mimiques, déplacements) que sensoriels ou psychiques (émotions, états d’âme), ou qui peuvent suggérer un aspect, une texture. Elle prend ainsi une dimension à la fois sonore, cinétique, voire émotionnelle. Face à ces idéophones, plusieurs stratégies s’offrent aux traducteurs : outre l’omission pure et simple, communément pratiquée, et la transcription phonétique en lettres latines, souvent opaque, certains leur substituent un mot ou un syntagme ; le rendu est alors trop sémantique et explicite. Le recours à un iconoterme (souvent une onomatopée) permet de restituer de manière plus suggestive et imagée, au-delà du sens, toute la force expressive ou iconique de l’idéophone d’origine, activant ainsi en sourdine l’imagination sonore, voire visuelle et émotionnelle, du lecteur-déchiffreur dans un environnement du tout-à-l’image. Or, c’est là une des spécificités, un des attraits du manhwa et de ses idéophones. Lorsque ces stratégies ne suffisent pas, la solution que nous proposons est le simple report si l’on « dessine » le sens, l’évoquant par sa disposition graphique (calligrammes).
Suppositions de traducteurs : les pseudo-traductions d’Andreï Makine
Authors: Lievois Katrien 
Published: November 2016

Si les pseudo-traductions ne sont pas de véritables traductions, elles doivent cependant en reproduire toutes les caractéristiques et dévoilent donc un grand nombre d’idées (préconçues) sur la traduction en raison de la tromperie même sur laquelle elles se basent. Ce procédé avant tout littéraire mérite l’attention des traductologues dans la mesure où il constitue un lieu où s’expriment bien des principes concernant le sens, les enjeux et l’importance de la traduction, et qu’il remet immanquablement en question de nombreux axiomes traductionnels. Dans cette contribution, il s’agira de recontextualiser un cas concret pour en étudier les caractéristiques, les raisons et les effets : les deux premiers romans d’Andrei Makine, La fille d’un héros de l’Union soviétique et Confession d’un porte-drapeau déchu (1992).
La place de la rhétorique dans l’opération traduisante de la publicité
Authors: Ventura Daniela , Vega y Vega Jorge Juan 
Published: November 2016

Jusqu’ici, et suivant une approche descriptive, on a cherché à répondre à la question « Comment traduit-on une publicité ? » en oubliant la nature intrinsèque du discours publicitaire. Et pourtant, pour pouvoir adapter un message publicitaire, l’opération que réalise le traducteur suppose et implique en amont la connaissance et la compréhension de la nature rhétorique de la publicité. Nous entendons ici par rhétorique la technique de la communication et du discours persuasif. La question qui se pose d’emblée pour le traducteur du domaine publicitaire n’est donc pas tellement « Comment traduit-on une publicité ? », mais plutôt « Que traduit-on dans une publicité ? » Suivant une approche prescriptive, nous analysons dans cet article le discours publicitaire en tant qu’acte perlocutoire, en nous concentrant sur l’argumentation et ses modèles les plus élémentaires. Nous proposons ainsi un survol théorique à l’usage du traducteur et fondé sur la théorie de l’argumentation appliquée à la publicité et à sa traduction.
Evolution of corundum-structured III-oxide semiconductors: Growth, properties, and devices
Authors: Fujita Shizuo , Oda Masaya , Kaneko Kentaro , Hitora Toshimi 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The recent progress and development of corundum-structured III-oxide semiconductors are reviewed. They allow bandgap engineering from 3.7 to ∼9 eV and function engineering, leading to highly durable electronic devices and deep ultraviolet optical devices as well as multifunctional devices. Mist chemical vapor deposition can be a simple and safe growth technology and is advantageous for reducing energy and cost for the growth. This is favorable for the wide commercial use of devices at low cost. The III-oxide semiconductors are promising candidates for new devices contributing to sustainable social, economic, and technological development for the future.
DC–17-GHz CMOS single-pole-eight-throw switching matrix for radar-based image detection
Authors: Azhari Afreen , Sugitani Takumi , Xiao Xia , Kikkawa Takamaro 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A new 65-nm-thick single-pole-eight-throw CMOS integrated switching matrix has been developed to control a multiple-input–multiple-output radar-based imaging system, and it can replace the conventional mechanical switching system. The switch has a minimum input and output matching bandwidth of 0–17 GHz with an average insertion loss of 3 to 10 dB from 2 to 17 GHz. A wide bandwidth was designed for the transmission of the 8-GHz-center-frequency, 16-GHz-bandwidth Gaussian monocycle pulse with low distortion. A bandwidth from 0–20 GHz of the switch on the printed circuit board was achieved by flip chip mounting, quarter-wave (λ/4)-length microstrip line impedance matching, and optimization of the board dielectric constant and thickness. With the utilization of two of these switching matrices on the PCB, it became possible to control 16 antennas in a 16-antenna-array breast cancer detection system to detect an aluminum target of 10 × 10 mm2 at a depth of 20 mm.
Delay‐induced rebounds in CO2 emissions and critical time‐scales to meet global warming targets
Authors: Manoli Gabriele , Katul Gabriel G. , Marani Marco 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWhile climate science debates are focused on the attainment of peak anthropogenic CO2 emissions and policy tools to reduce peak temperatures, the human‐energy‐climate system can hold “rebound” surprises beyond this peak. Following the second industrial revolution, global per capita CO2 emissions (cc) experienced a punctuated growth of about 100% every 60 years, mainly attributable to technological development and its global spread. A model of the human‐energy‐climate system capable of reproducing past punctuated dynamics shows that rebounds in global CO2 emissions emerge due to delays intrinsic to the diffusion of innovations. Such intrinsic delays in the adoption and spread of low‐carbon emitting technologies, together with projected population growth, upset the warming target set by the Paris Agreement. To avoid rebounds and their negative climate effects, model calculations show that the diffusion of climate‐friendly technologies must occur with lags one‐order of magnitude shorter (i.e., ∼6 years) than the characteristic timescale of past punctuated growth in cc. Radically new strategies to globally implement the technological advances at unprecedented rates are needed if the current emission goals are to be achieved.
Effect of the planet shine on the corona: Application to the Martian hot oxygen
Authors: Chaufray J.‐Y. , Deighan J. , Stewart A. I. F. , Schneider N. , Clarke J. , Leblanc F. , Jakosky B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSystematic observations of the Martian hot oxygen corona by Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph on Mars Atmosphere and Volatile and EvolutioN can be used to constrain estimates of the current neutral oxygen escape rate. In this paper, we investigate the effect of the photons emitted from the thermosphere and lower exosphere on the emissivity of the hot oxygen corona at 130.4 nm. We compare this source of illumination, generally neglected, to the direct solar illumination used to convert the O I 130.4 triplet brightness into line‐of‐sight column density. This study is performed using a radiative transfer model with two Maxwellian oxygen populations, assuming spherical symmetry for the cold and hot oxygen densities. Contribution to the corona from the illumination of the exosphere by the sunlit atmosphere depends on the amount of cold oxygen and varies with altitude and solar zenith angle. An analytic formulation to take into account variations of this effect with respect to the hot oxygen kinetic temperature is proposed. The effect of the atmosphere sunlit should be general and occur on other planets for other very optically thick resonance lines.
Seasonal and solar activity variations ofF3layer and quadruple stratification (StF‐4) near the equatorial region
Authors: Tardelli A. , Fagundes P. R. , Pezzopane M. , Venkatesh K. , Pillat V. G. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe study of multiple stratification of theFlayer has the initial records in the midtwentieth century. Since then, many studies were focused onF3layer. The diurnal, seasonal, and solar activity variations of theF3layer characteristics have been investigated by several researchers. Recently, investigations on multiple stratifications ofFlayer received an important boost after the quadruple stratification (StF‐4) was observed at Palmas (10.3°S, 48.3°W; dip latitude 6.6°S—near‐equatorial region), Brazil. The present study reports the latest findings related with the seasonal and solar activity characteristics of theF3layer and StF‐4 near the equatorial region during the period from 2002 to 2006. A significant connection between StF‐4 andF3layer has been noticed, since the StF‐4 is always preceded and followed by aF3layer appearance. However, theF3layer and the StF‐4 present different seasonal and solar cycle variations. At a near‐equatorial station Palmas, theF3layer shows the maximum and minimum occurrences during summer and winter seasons, respectively. On the contrary, the StF‐4 presents the maximum and minimum occurrences during winter and summer seasons, respectively. While theF3layer occurrence is not affected by solar cycle, the StF‐4 appearance is instead more frequent during high solar activity.