bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Sensitive Attributes Using a Stratified Kuk Randomization Device
Authors: Kim Jong-Min , Lee Gi-Sung , Hong Ki-Hak , Son Chang-Kyoon 
Published: January 2017

This paper suggests a stratified Kuk model to estimate the proportion of sensitive attributes of a population composed by a number of strata; this is undertaken by applying stratified sampling to the adjusted Kuk model. The paper estimates sensitive parameters when the size of the stratum is known by taking proportional and optimal allocation methods into account and then extends to the case of an unknown stratum size, estimating sensitive parameters by applying stratified double sampling and checking the two allocation methods. Finally, the paper compares the efficiency of the proposed model to that of the Su, Sedory and Singh model and the adjusted Kuk model in terms of the estimator variance.
Electrical impedance tomography for lung ventilation monitoring of the dog
Authors: Pieper Korbinian , Zoellner Martin , Meyer-Lindenberg Andrea , Gloning Simon 
Published: January 2017

SummaryBackground: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a radiation free technique which takes advantage of the different electrical conductivities of different tissues. Its main field of application is lung ventilation monitoring. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the feasibility of collecting EIT information on a sample of dogs with different thoracic shapes under clinical conditions by connecting an electrode belt without fur clipping. Material and methods: Fifteen pulmonary healthy dogs were anaesthetized, positioned in sternal recumbency and ventilated in a pressure-controlled mode at three different positive end-expiratory pressure levels (PEEP) of 0, 5 and 10 cmH2O for five breaths each, with a peak inspiratory pressure of 15 cmH2O. The impedance changes were recorded with a commercial EIT device applied around the thorax. Subsequently, the ventilation regi me was repeated and a computed tomography scan (CT) of the same thoracic segment was performed for each PEEP level. The tidal volume (Vt) was recorded. For the collection of EIT data the sum of regional impedance changes was recorded. The impedance value of the entire lung (global) was recorded and the ventilated area was quartered into four regions of interest (ROI). In a CT image with the fewest adjacent organs, lung tissue was selected to obtain the mean value of lung radiodensitiy in Hounsfield-Units (HU) for the entire lung and for the four ROIs. Results: EIT recordings via the electrode belt were possible without clipping. There was a significant correlation for the parameters of aeration as measured by EIT and CT for both the entire ventilated lung and the corresponding ROIs. The increasing PEEP resulted in a proportional increase of the impedance, and there was a negative correlation between EIT and Vt. The better ventilated dorsal ROIs could be identified using both EIT and CT. An intra-assay coefficient of variation showed a good reproducibility for lung ventilation in anaesthetized dogs in the EIT. Discussion: The results show that EIT is a reliable method for evaluating the ventilation of dogs in a clinical setting. The accuracy of EIT might be improved by using a mesh corresponding to the different thoracic shapes of the dogs.
Saisonale Leukotrichie bei einem Deutschen Schäferhund
Authors: Bettenay Sonya , Mueller Ralf , Classen Janine 
Published: January 2017

ZusammenfassungLeukotrichie kann durch eine Vielzahl metabolischer und entzündlicher Erkrankungen hervorgerufen werden. Bei der Alopecia areata des Hundes handelt es sich um eine sehr seltene multifaktoriell bedingte Erkrankung, die gutartig ist und zu einer nicht vernarbenden Alopezie führt. In diesem Fallbericht wird ein Deutscher Schäferhund mit einer saisonal rezidivierenden, mit Alopecia areata assoziierten Leukotrichie beschrieben. Wichtige Differenzialdiagnosen wurden ausgeschlossen und die endgültige Diagnose histopathologisch gestellt. Die topische Anwendung von Tacrolimus und Hydrocortisonaceponat brachte keine Besserung. Die genaue Ursache für das saisonale Auftreten der Leukotrichie in diesem Fall ist unklar.
Effects of Bisphosphonate Administration on Cleft Bone Graft in a Rat Model
Authors: Cheng Nicole , Park Juyoung , Olson Jeffrey , Kwon Taewoo , Lee Deborah , Lim Rachel , Ha Sandy , Kim Reuben , Zhang Xinli , Ting Kang , Tetradis Sotirios , Hong Christine 
Published: January 2017

Objective Bone grafts in patients with cleft lip and palate can undergo a significant amount of resorption. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of bisphosphonates (BPs) on the success of bone grafts in rats. Design Thirty-five female 15-week-old Fischer F344 Inbred rats were divided into the following experimental groups, each receiving bone grafts to repair an intraoral CSD: (1) Graft/saline: systemic administration of saline and (2) systemic administration of zoledronic acid immediately following surgery (graft/BP/T0), (3) 1 week postoperatively (graft/BP/T1), and (4) 3 weeks postoperatively (graft/BP/T2). As an additional control, the defect was left empty without bone graft. Main Outcome Measures Microcomputed tomography and histologic analyses were performed in addition to evaluation of osteoclasts through tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Results Bone volume fraction (bone volume/tissue volume) for the delayed BP treatment groups (graft/BP/T1 = 45.4% ± 8.8%; graft/BP/T2 = 46.1% ± 12.4%) were significantly greater than that for the graft/saline group (31.0% ± 7.9%) and the graft/BP/T0 (27.6% ± 5.9%) 6 weeks postoperatively ( P < .05). Hematoxylin and eosin staining confirmed an evident increase in bone volume and fusion of defect margins with existing palatal bone in the graft/BP/T1 and graft/BP/T2 groups. The graft/BP/T0 group showed the lowest bone volume with signs of acute inflammation. Conclusions Delayed BP administration following cleft bone graft surgery led to significant increase in bone volume and integration compared with saline controls. However, BP injection immediately after the surgery did not enhance bone volume, and rather, may negatively affect bone graft incorporation.
“La Mañosa” de Juan Bosch. La novela socio-realista de la revolución
Authors: Candelier Bruno Rosario 
Published: January 2017

<p>En esta novela sobre las revoluciones caudillistas que Juan Bosch dio a conocer con el título de La Mañosa, confirma la maestría narrativa del escritor que había demostrado en la creación de cuentos (Camino Real, 1933), el magisterio literario que le acreditaría el sitial más eminente de las letras nacionales y uno de los más prestantes en la narrativa hispanoamericana del siglo XX.</p><p> </p><p>Desde sus primeros textos narrativos, Bosch reflejaría un instinto social muy definido, y por ese instinto supo captar la pobreza en que vivían las grandes masas de las comunidades campesinas, la miseria material y la situación angustiosa de los hombres y mujeres del campo, principalmente la de los humildes labriegos que trabajaban la tierra de sol a sol y padecían las consecuencias de las revoluciones montoneras, el núcleo generativo de esta novela.</p><p> </p><p>Bosch es forjador de una literatura social, con una definición precisa en la línea socio-realista, pues imprimió un carácter social, no personal, a los conflictos enfocados en su narrativa. El narrador dominicano tuvo conciencia de ese rol ya que desde niño sintió un instinto social que se reflejaría en su literatura. En el ambiente donde creció, los hijos de los campesinos vivían desnudos, en bohíos con pisos de tierra, tomando agua en higüeros. A Bosch le preocupaba esa doliente realidad social. Ese sentimiento se refleja en su obra literaria.</p>
Psidium guajava leaves decrease arthritic symptoms in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats
Authors: Baroroh Hanif Nasiatul , Utami Esti Dyah , Achmad Anisyah 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND <br />Guava is an herbal with proven antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-arthritic activity of the ethanol extract of Psidium gujava leaves (EEPG) against complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis in rats. <br /><br />METHODS<br />An experimental study was conducted on 40 male Wistar Sprague Dawley rats, which were divided into 5 groups. Each group was induced with 0.2 mL CFA (1 mg/mL) on day 1 and 0.1 CFA mL booster injection on day 5. Group I served as an arthritic control, group II received dexamethasone (6.75 mg.kg-1 orally), group III, IV and V received EEPG at oral doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg BW, respectively, on days 14 to 28. Anti-arthritic activity was observed from the arthritis score, the paw circumference was measured on days 0, 1, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28, the mobility score was determined on days 12 and 28, and the histolopathology of the knee joint was examined on day 29. <br /><br />RESULTS<br />Ethanol extract of Psidium guajava leaves significantly suppressed the swelling of the paws in chronic phase based on increasing of edema (%), while starting on day 20. EEPG at 250 mg/kg was most effective in significantly reducing arthritis scores (p&lt;0.05). Histopathological examination showed repair of the knee joint synovial membrane and cartilage.<br /> <br />CONCLUSIONS<br />Psidium guajava leaf extract is effective in decreasing the inflammatory response and arthritic symptoms in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Psidium guajava leaves can be developed into an alternative anti-arthritis treatment.
Directly observed treatment increases drug compliance in lymphatic filariasis mass drug administration
Authors: Rosanti Tutik Ida , Mardihusodo Sugeng Juwono , Artama Wayan T. 
Published: January 2017

Backgroud. <br />Mass drug administration (MDA) has been one of the strategies for lymphatic filariasis elimination. Since the start of implementation in 2011 in Pekalongan, no study on MDA acceptability has yet been done. The objectives of the study were to determine the microfilaria rate (mf rate) and the risk factors of drug compliance in the MDA program. <br /><br />Methods<br />A longitudinal study was conducted at Pabean region, Pekalongan City. There were 90 household heads as subjects, who were selected by proportional cluster random sampling. Microfilaria rate (mf rate) was determined by finger blood examination. Drug compliance was measured using questionnaires and observation sheets. Drug compliance observers, filariasis counseling participation, and presence of filariasis patients were factors influencing drug compliance. <br /><br />Results<br />Mf rate in 2015 was 1.35% and drug compliance rate was 86.80%. Reasons for failing to take drugs were fear of side effects (50%), refusals (25%), laziness (16.7%), and perceiving the drug to be useless (8.3%). The chi-square test shows a significant difference between the presence of drug compliance observer and compliance (p=0.006). Filariasis counseling participation and presence of filariasis patients did not show a significant difference with drug compliance (p= 0.986).<br /><br />Conclusions<br />Families as the source of observers was associated with increased filariasis drug compliance. It is therefore essential to address the issues linked to low compliance to make the program more efficient and achieve the goal of filariasis elimination.
Mechanical Activation of Ti-2B System: XRD Investigation of Structural Features
Authors: Kochetov N.A. , Kovalev I.D. 
Published: January 2017

XRD investigation of Ti-2B system was carried out with the purpose of determining of structural changes in this system during mechanical activation. The size of coherentscattering region (CSR size) and kind II stresses (microstresses) were calculated by diffraction peaks profile analysis. It was determined that initiation of the synthesis reaction directly in mill is taking place at achievement the value of microstresses for titanium approximately equal to its yield point. Spontaneous reaction in a mill indicates that mechanical activation gives essential structural changes in Ti-2B system. So mechanical activation has essential influence on structural condition of Ti-2B system. Titanium diboride synthesized by high-temperature combustion and by mechanosynthesis have approximately equal crystallites size. These results could clarify the processes of materials structural condition after mechanical activation and have a matter for materials science.
Single-Gradient Subsea-Mud-Lift-Drilling Technology in Deepwater Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: January 2017

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 174881, “Successful Testing of Single-Gradient Subsea-Mud-Lift-Drilling Technology in Deepwater Gulf of Mexico,” by Sharifur Rahman, Calvin Holt, David Dowell, Danilo Morales, and Siri Davis, Chevron, prepared for the 2015 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, 28–30 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
Subsea-mud-lift-drilling (SMD) technology is a form of managed-pressure drilling (MPD). As with other MPD systems, SMD technology offers early detection of influxes (kicks) and minimizes downhole losses to weak subsurface formations. However, significant differences are built into the SMD system. This paper will highlight the benefits of single-gradient SMD (SMD-S) technology, the execution of the most recent deployment, and test results that represent the final steps in moving toward continued MPD operations in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico (GOM).
Introduction
SMD is a sophisticated subsea MPD technology development and commercialization project that has just completed its fourth offshore deployment. With every deployment, the learnings have been captured and addressed successfully. The most recent deployment in the deep water GOM has demonstrated that the technology works as designed by successfully accomplishing nearly all test objectives. The confidence is now very high that the industry will see the successful commercial delivery of a drilling technology that offers potential for a more-efficient drilling operation. In addition, this technology will lead ultimately to enhanced production and recovery from deepwater assets. SMD has two operational modes, SMD-S and dual-gradient SMD (SMD-D), as illustrated in Fig. 1.
SMD-D. A fluid with a density equivalent to seawater is used in the riser and a heavier mud weight is used below the mudline. This combination of gradients results in an annular-pressure profile that more closely follows the natural pore-pressure and fracture-gradient trends. This significantly improves the ability to stay within the pressure window much longer without changing mud weights. Dual-gradient drilling helps to eliminate casing points that are required in conventional drilling and offers significant production benefits in the deepwater environment.
In order to maintain constant bottomhole pressure (BHP), this technique allows annulus pressure to be trapped below a subsea rotating control device (SRD) during connections by increasing the maximum-lift-pump (MLP) inlet pressure to help manage ballooning or control wellbore stability.
Technology Focus: Offshore Facilities (February 2016)
Authors: Elkins Mark S. 
Published: January 2017

Technology Focus
Welcome to the Offshore Facilities feature in this month’s JPT. It was my pleasure to go through 169 papers submitted to SPE in this field over the past year and select three for inclusion in this issue as well as three for additional reading. I considered making my selections along a theme, but offshore facilities is a broad category spanning vast engineering interests and challenges. The papers I chose are those I enjoyed reading. The result is a rather eclectic mix.
The first paper provides a high-level look at the design and construction of the Prelude floating liquefied-natural-gas (FLNG) facilities. This is a world-class gasfield-development project taking on significant technical challenges, and the paper touches on technology selection and development, safety-design aspects, and construction activities. The intent of the developer is for Prelude to be the first of many FLNG projects, using a “design one, build many” strategy to leverage learnings and reduce subsequent development time and cost.
The next paper describes the design, construction, and installation of a spar in the Gulf of Mexico, including bulk storage tanks for produced oil, methanol, and diesel and independent tanks for production and subsea chemicals. The design and regulatory requirements are discussed, and lessons learned and recommendations for future projects are supplied.
The final paper discusses the development and testing of an active acoustic automatic leak-detection sonar. The technology makes use of the different acoustic impedance of hydrocarbons compared with the surrounding sea water to detect with a sonar head the partial reflection of the transmitted signal by this interface. The paper describes field trials of the technology in the Gulf of Mexico using a substitute target to simulate an oil release and nitrogen to simulate natural gas.
I hope you enjoy reading these papers as much as I did. JPT
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 172150 The Use of Multirotor Remotely Operated Aerial Vehicles as a Method of Closely Visually Inspecting Live and Difficult-To-Access Assets on Offshore Platforms by Malcolm Connolly, Cyberhawk Innovations
OTC 25676 Implementing Constructability in Brownfield Projects: A Case Study by Amir G. Salem, SBM Offshore, et al.
OTC 25685 The Risk of Cryogenic-Liquid Release Could Have Been a Show Stopper for the Floating Liquefied-Natural-Gas Market: How Did the Industry Respond? by R. Wade
Prevalence, Antibiogram and Molecular Characterization of Comunity-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in AWKA, Anambra Nigeria
Authors: Ike Blessing , Ugwu Malachy C. , Ikegbunam Moses N. , Nwobodo David , Ejikeugwu Chika , Gugu Thaddeus , Esimone Charles O. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives:This study evaluated the prevalence, antibiogram and molecular features of CA-MRSA in Awka, Nigeria.Methods:Confirmation of MRSA was done by testing resistance to oxacillin (1µg), cloxacillin (5µg) and cefoxitin(30µg) on sterile Mueller Hinton agar supplemented with 4% sodium chloride. The MRSA strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined using agar dilution method. Penicillin binding protein 2a was detected through rapid latex agglutination assay while mecA gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 142S. aureusisolates were obtained from 261 samples sourced from Staff, students and fomites of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesResult:The overall prevalence of MRSA was 22.6%. The carriage rate was higher in females (56.5%) than male (43.5%) and was highest in individuals of 20-30 years of age (57.65%). The MIC of the oxacillin sodium salt ranged from 4-32 μg/ml. The multi-antibiotic resistance indices show that 53.4% had Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Indexing (MARI) higher than 0.2. Penicillin binding protein 2a was detected in 8.4% of MRSA isolates, all from nasal carriage while mecA gene was detected in 5 of isolates.Conclusion:This study showed a very high prevalence of MRSA carriage among studied subjects.
Nanotechnology for Stimulating Osteoprogenitor Differentiation
Authors: Ibrahim A. , Bulstrode N.W. , Whitaker I.S. , Eastwood D.M. , Dunaway D. , Ferretti P. 
Published: January 2017

Background:Bone is the second most transplanted tissue and due to its complex structure, metabolic demands and various functions, current reconstructive options such as foreign body implants and autologous tissue transfer are limited in their ability to restore defects. Most tissue engineering approaches target osteoinduction of osteoprogenitor cells by modifying the extracellular environment, using scaffolds or targeting intracellular signaling mechanisms or commonly a combination of all of these. Whilst there is no consensus as to what is the optimal cell type or approach, nanotechnology has been proposed as a powerful tool to manipulate the biomolecular and physical environment to direct osteoprogenitor cells to induce bone formation.Methods:Review of the published literature was undertaken to provide an overview of the use of nanotechnology to control osteoprogenitor differentiation and discuss the most recent developments, limitations and future directions.Results:Nanotechnology can be used to stimulate osteoprogenitor differentiation in a variety of way. We have principally classified research into nanotechnology for bone tissue engineering as generating biomimetic scaffolds, a vector to deliver genes or growth factors to cells or to alter the biophysical environment. A number of studies have shown promising results with regards to directing ostroprogenitor cell differentiation although limitations include a lack ofin vivodata and incomplete characterization of engineered bone.Conclusion:There is increasing evidence that nanotechnology can be used to direct the fate of osteoprogenitor and promote bone formation. Further analysis of the functional properties and long term survival in animal models is required to assess the maturity and clinical potential of this.
Carbon Nanostructures in Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Perkins Brian Lee , Naderi Naghmeh 
Published: January 2017

Background:Recent advances in developing biocompatible materials for treating bone loss or defects have dramatically changed clinicians’ reconstructive armory. Current clinically available reconstructive options have certain advantages, but also several drawbacks that prevent them from gaining universal acceptance. A wide range of synthetic and natural biomaterials is being used to develop tissue-engineered bone. Many of these materials are currently in the clinical trial stage.Methods:A selective literature review was performed for carbon nanostructure composites in bone tissue engineering.Results:Incorporation of carbon nanostructures significantly improves the mechanical properties of various biomaterials to mimic that of natural bone. Recently, carbon-modified biomaterials for bone tissue engineering have been extensively investigated to potentially revolutionize biomaterials for bone regeneration.Conclusion:This review summarizes the chemical and biophysical properties of carbon nanostructures and discusses their functionality in bone tissue regeneration.
Nanoscale Surface Modifications of Orthopaedic Implants: State of the Art and Perspectives
Authors: Staruch RMT , Griffin MF , Butler PEM 
Published: January 2017

Background:Orthopaedic implants such as the total hip or total knee replacement are examples of surgical interventions with postoperative success rates of over 90% at 10 years. Implant failure is associated with wear particles and pain that requires surgical revision. Improving the implant - bone surface interface is a key area for biomaterial research for future clinical applications. Current implants utilise mechanical, chemical or physical methods for surface modification.Methods:A review of all literature concerning the nanoscale surface modification of orthopaedic implant technology was conducted.Results:The techniques and fabrication methods of nanoscale surface modifications are discussed in detail, including benefits and potential pitfalls. Future directions for nanoscale surface technology are explored.Conclusion:Future understanding of the role of mechanical cues and protein adsorption will enable greater flexibility in surface control. The aim of this review is to investigate and summarise the current concepts and future directions for controlling the implant nanosurface to improve interactions.