bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Susceptibility and Disease Activity in Ankylosing Spondylitis: The Role of GPR35 rs4676410 Polymorphism in a Turkish Population
Authors: KIRKIK Duygu , HACIMUSTAFAOGLU Fatih , GÜNDOGDU Barış , DOGANTEKİN Betül , KARIKSIZ Mesut , TAS Sevgi KALKANLI 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: In East Asians, an additional genome-wide association study finally detected several new immune-related susceptibility loci for AS. There have been some investigations conducted for genetic variations, and it was found that the single nucleotide polymorphisms of GPR35 gene would play an important role in the pathophysiology of AS. The primary goal of the study was to explore the role of the rs4676410 polymorphism in the GPR35 gene in contributing to the susceptibility to Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) and its influence on clinical and biochemical outcome parameters within the Turkish population. The study also aimed to understand how these genetic factors interact with the disease's pathogenesis and severity.
Methods:We isolated DNA and examined the rs4676410 variation in GPR35 among 200 participants (100 with AS individuals and 100 with healthy individuals) by using real time PCR. Compared the results with biochemical data and then we evaluated results using IBM SPSS 26.
Results:Our research has shown that having the AA genotype or A allele seems associated with a susceptibility or risk of developing AS in Turkish population.
Conclusion: The strong correlational basis between disease-activity scores and genetic variants supports the utility of exploring genetics, which underscores as one of main player affecting parametric severity evaluations. This is the first study conducted in Turkey.
The Role of Eco-Anxiety in the Presentation of Bulimia Nervosa: A Case Report
Authors: Runfola Cristin D. , Safer Debra L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Despite a growing literature demonstrating the significant impacts of climate change on mental health, research is urgently needed to investigate how climate change-related concerns may contribute to the development, exacerbation, or re-emergence of eating disorders, as well as affect the effectiveness of existing interventions. This case report contributes to this scant knowledge base by offering empirical evidence for how responses to climate change can influence eating disorder symptoms and, importantly, limit the effectiveness of evidence-based treatments such as Cognitive Behavior Therapy-Enhanced (CBT-E).
Case presentation: A 24-year-old female graduate student studying environmental science presented to a specialized eating disorder clinic with worsening bulimia nervosa. Her symptoms initially improved with CBT-E; however, after three months, concerns about food waste significantly impeded further progress. The therapist, identifying symptoms of eco-anxiety, adapted standard CBT-E strategies to include psychoeducation about eco-anxiety, cognitive restructuring of beliefs about food waste and other eating-related eco-concerns, relevant exposures related to such concerns, and problem-solving to increase social support. These adaptations led to resumed progress, with the patient achieving nutritional adequacy by treatment end (38 sessions) and maintaining treatment gains through one year follow-up.
Conclusions: To our awareness, this is the first case report on the co-occurrence of eco-anxiety and eating disorders. This case underscores the importance of screening for concurrent eco-anxiety, suggests ways in which eating disorders and eco-anxiety can influence one another longitudinally, describes how coexisting eco-anxiety can limit standard CBT-E’s effectiveness, and provides examples of successful treatment adaptations tailored to address eco-anxiety-related concerns.
How do children understand and respond to the EQ-5D-Y-3L? A mixed methods study in a community-based sample of 6–12-year-olds.
Authors: Khanna Diana , Lay Kiri , Khadka Jyoti , Mpundu-Kaambwa Christine , Ratcliffe Julie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: The EQ-5D-Y-3L is widely used for measuring and valuing HRQoL in paediatric populations. This mixed methods study used the EQ-5D-Y-3L measure and applied a retrospective think-aloud approach to examine the self-report validity in children of varying chronological age.
Methods: A mixed methods study was conducted in a community-based sample of 39 children aged 6-12 years. In a semi-structured interview, children self-completed the EQ-5D-Y-3L and then engaged in retrospective think-aloud. Conversations were audio-recorded and transcribed for analysis in NVivo using the Tourangeau four-stage response model framework to assess comprehension, judgment, recall, and response mapping issues. To assess the differences between the self and the two proxy reports, Fisher’s exact test was used. The overall inter-rater agreement was assessed with CCC and dimension level using Gwet’s AC1.
Results: Overall, response issues were detected in n=18 (46%) children. Comprehension issues were apparent in the “having pain or discomfort” dimension where children found it challenging to understand ‘discomfort’. Recall-related issues were observed where children’s responses were influenced by their typical tendencies (e.g., being usually worried) or past incidences (e.g., feeling pain sometimes). Judgement-related issues were the most common, particularly in the “doing usual activities” dimension, where children tended to respond based on their self-perceived ability to engage in activities rather than health-related limitations. None of the participants were found to have problems with response mapping. A healthy lifestyle that included diet and exercise was a notable consideration in EQ VAS ratings.
The younger age groups had the highest proportion of response issues (6-7 years: 64%, 8-10 years: 62%), while the oldest age group had the lowest (11-12 years: 20%). Moreover, children with response issues demonstrated significantly lower EQ-5D-Y-3L scores (mean=0.78, se=0.04) as compared to those with no response issues (mean=0.95, se=0.02) (p-value=0.0007). The overall inter-rater agreement was higher for those without any response issues (CCC=0.33) than those with (CCC=0.14). Additionally, higher agreement was noted across all the five dimensions in the subgroup with no response issues relative to those with.
Conclusions: Children in the general community may have different perceptions of HRQoL when responding to the EQ-5D-Y-3L possibly due to their limited experience with health-related challenges. The relatively higher prevalence of response issues in the younger children (ages <11 years) highlights the need for caution in the self-assessment of HRQoL using the current version of the EQ-5D-Y-3L for this age group in this population.
Impact of IVF/ICSI on Grades of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders and Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Hu Miao , Du Lili , Zhang Lizi , Lin Lin , Zhang Yuliang , Gu Shifeng , Gu Zhongjia , Liang JingYing , Lai Siying , Liu Yu , Huang Minshan , Huang Yuanyuan , Huang Qingqing , Luo Shijun , Zhang Shuang , Chen Dunjin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the impact of IVF/ICSI on grades of placenta accreta spectrum disorders and pregnancy outcomes.
Methods
Placenta accreta spectrum disorders patients who underwent cesarean section at a single clinical center from January 2018 to March 2023 were retrospectively included in this study. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared between the IVF/ICSI group and the spontaneous conception group. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the risk factors associated with adverse outcomes related to IVF/ICSI. A 1:1 ratio propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to minimize selection bias between the two groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (version 25.0) software.
Results
No increase in the incidence of grades placenta was detected for IVF/ICSI group, and the difference is not statistically significant (P = 0.290). PAS grading is not associated with IVF/ICSI (OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.45 ~ 1.27, P = 0.290). In contrast, a significant risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage (OR = 9.20, 95%CI: 2.68 ~ 9.22, P < 0.001) and red cells transfusion ≥ 4U (OR = 3.71,95%CI:1.21 ~ 11.33, P = 0.021) was observed in IVF/ICSI group. No additional adverse pregnancy outcomes arose as a result of IVF/ICSI.
Conclusion
It is necessary to further investigation into the potential risk factors that might impact PAS grading. It has been shown that IVF/ICSI treatment is associated with a higher risk of postpartum hemorrhage and blood transfusion requirements. Therefore, in order to provide patients the best chance of recovery, professionals must carefully evaluate the patient's health as well as the available treatment options.
Nutritional status as a predictor of 30-day mortality among intensive care unit patients in sub-Saharan Africa: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Abate Semagn Mekonnen , Jemal Bedru , Taddesse Muhidin , Berhanu Mahalet , Nega Solomon , Mantefardo Bahru , Meno Abinet 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is a major public health issue, causing significant mortality and morbidity, especially in developing nations. However, the magnitude and its impact on clinical outcomes in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients need to be investigated better in Sub-Saharan Africa, and this study was intended to address these issues.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of malnutrition on clinical outcomes among ICU patients
Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 436 ICU patients, 218 of whom were malnourished. After obtaining ethical approval, malnourished and well-nourished patients were followed for thirty days to examine the effects of nutritional status on clinical outcomes and its determinants. At admission, nutritional screening and evaluation were performed with Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and during the next thirty days, it was evaluated every seven days with SGA, MUST, and modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill (NUTRIC).
Result: This study demonstrated that the incidence of 30-day mortality was 47.9 %( 95% CI: 43.2 to 52.6). The hazards of death in patients with malnutrition increased by 40% as compared to well-nourished patients (aHR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.33 to 2.56), and patients with diabetes mellitus had 4 times the hazards of death (aHR= 4.2, 95% CI: 2.12 to 8.28).
Conclusion: Malnutrition is prevalent in adult ICU patients and has been linked to a higher 30-day mortality and a more extended ICU stay. MUST, SGA, and NUTRIC, well-validated, practical, cost-effective, and non-invasive techniques for routinely evaluating nutritional status in critically ill patients, were good predictors of mortality.
Effectiveness of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with a Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and S-1 (DCS) Regimen for T4b Gastric Cancer
Authors: Long Vo Duy , Thong Dang Quang , Dat Tran Quang , Nguyen Doan Thuy , Phuoc Tran Duy , Hai Nguyen Viet , Vuong Nguyen Lam , Trung Lam Quoc , Bac Nguyen Hoang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: No studies on neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer (GC) with T4b stage were reported. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using DCS regimen (docetaxel, cisplatin, and S-1) for GC with T4b stage
Methods: Forty-three patients diagnosed GC with surgical or clinical T4b stage received three or four preoperative cycles of DCS therapy followed by gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy between Jan-2018 and Dec-2022. Short-tern outcomes including tumor response, completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, toxicity and adverse events, rate of treatment-related death, R0 resection, rate of complete adjuvant chemotherapy and short-term surgical results were investigated. The oncologic outcomes comprised 3-year OS and 3-year disease-free survival (DFS).
Results: The completion rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 88.4%, including 4 cycles of 51.2% and 3 cycles of 37.2%. The disease-control and clinical response rate were 88.4% and 58.1%, respectively. During preoperative chemotherapy, grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in 20.9%, anemia in 13.9%, hyponatremia in 4.8%, and vomiting in 2.3%. Pathologic complete response was achieved in 8.0%. After surgery, no patient experienced severe complications (Clavien Dindo >= 3). The R0 resection rate was 72.0% and the rate of complete adjuvant chemotherapy was 83.3%. The 3-year OS and DFS rates were 49% and 38%, respectively.
Conclusions: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with DCS regimen demonstrated a high tolerance, high tumor response rate, high complete adjuvant chemotherapy rate and satisfactory 3-year survival outcomes. Three- or four-course of preoperative DCS regimen is a promising approach for GC with T4b stage.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Drug Targets in Prostate Cancer Using Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Paranthaman C. , Blessy J. Jino , Asiffa J. Noorin , Jaswanthi D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Prostate cancer, a leading malignancy with significant impact on men’s health, was the focus of this study, which aimed to identify candidate genes through differential gene expression analysis using Galaxy, an open-source platform for analyzing next-generation sequencing data. RNA-Seq analysis was performed on several datasets from the GEO database, comparing nine tumor patient datasets with eight non-tumor datasets. This analysis revealed ten upregulated and ten downregulated genes with log2FC counts > 2.5 and p-values < 0.05. To further investigate these differentially expressed genes (DEGs), WebGestalt was used for comprehensive in silico analysis, visualizing enrichment via volcano plots. Additionally, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using STRING, identifying three gene modules and ten hub genes through Cytoscape cluster analysis. Molecular docking studies were then conducted on these hub genes using PyRx software, with protein structures retrieved from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). This included the addition of polar hydrogen atoms, the assignment of partial charges, and the removal of water molecules to prepare for efficient molecular docking. This research enhances our understanding of gene interactions and protein-phytochemicals binding mechanisms, thereby contributing to therapeutic advancements in the biopharmaceutical sector.
The Immune Signatures Predict Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer Response to First-line Anti-PD-1 Blockade or Chemotherapy: Clinical and Multiplex Immunofluorescence Analysis
Authors: Wu Hui , Shu Wenzhi , Ding Yongfeng , Li Qiong , Li Ning , Wang Qiyue , Chen Yinqi , Han Yuejun , Huang Dongdong , Jiang Haiping 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy are key components of first-line treatment for advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer (G/GEJ). However, the role of immune cells infiltrating the tumor microenvironment in predicting both therapy responses is still unclear.
Methods
We performed exploratory analyses of progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival (OS) based on PD-L1 expression and a landmark statistical method, and developed a multiplexed immunofluorescence assay for CD4, CD8, PD-L1, CD68 and FoxP3 coupled with digital image analysis and machine learning to assess prognostic survival associations of immune cells.
Results
For patients with PD-L1 CPS < 10, greater disparities in survival between anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and chemotherapy were shown around 300 days after treatment. High expression of PD-L1 was associated with longer survival when receiving anti-PD-1 blockade, but showed less benefit when receiving platinum-based chemotherapy by subgroup analysis. The analysis of mIF also demonstrated significantly higher stromal density of PD-L1 in the well-responder group of patients receiving immunotherapy than the poor-response group, but tended to be lower in patients receiving chemotherapy. Besides, we found that high tumor stromal density of CD8 could be used as a biomarker of good prognosis in anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, and high tumor stromal density of CD4 was found to be associated with worse prognosis in platinum-based chemotherapy.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that increased PD-L1 expression was associated with an increased effect on anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and reduced benefit from chemotherapy. The signature of TME immune cells has the potential to predict the response of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and chemotherapy in G/GEJ cancer.
REmote monitoring by viQtor Upon implemEntation on a Surgical departmenT (REQUEST-trial); a prospective implementation study
Authors: Jerry E. E. , Bouwman A. , Nienhuijs S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Continuous monitoring of patients’ vital signs is critical for early detection of postoperative complications. Traditional manual monitoring by nursing staff is time-consuming and provides only intermittent data. Wearable devices offer continuous monitoring capabilities, potentially enhance early warning systems, reduce nurse workload, and facilitate earlier patient discharge. However, research on their implementation and effectiveness in clinical settings remains limited.
Methods
The REQUEST study is a prospective observational study aimed at evaluating the implementation of continuous monitoring using PPG-sensor technology (viQtor device) in a surgical ward. Over eight months, the vital signs of 500 surgical patients will be continuously monitored using the device, which measures heart rate, breathing rates and oxygenation via an accelerometer. The study will use the Continuous Remote Early Warning Score (CREWS), a system designed to monitor and evaluate patient vital signs continuously, to assess patient status to assess patient status. The study will be conducted in two phases: an initial period of ongoing manual spot-checks monitoring as a standard three times a day, followed by a period wherein the manual checks are only on demand by judgement of the treating team. Outcomes will be assessed using the Integrated Workload Scale (IWS) for nursing workload and implementation outcomes according to a specific framework looking at; acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, adoption, penetration, implementation cost, and sustainability. Additional data will be collected through device performance metrics, questionnaires (Evidence-Based Practice Attitude and System Usability Scale), and focus groups analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis.
Discussion
The REQUEST study aims to provide insights into the practical implementation of continuous monitoring in a surgical ward, focusing on its impact on nursing workload and overall feasibility. The findings will inform strategies for integrating wearable monitoring technologies into clinical practice, potentially improving patient outcomes and optimizing resource allocation. By addressing the challenges and benefits of continuous monitoring, this study will contribute to the broader understanding of wearable technology implementation in healthcare settings.
Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT06574867, Registered on 27 August 2024
Evidence of the detrimental effects of bacterial resistance to cephalosporins and penicillins in Egypt's primary healthcare facilities
Authors: Kassab Mohammed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Worldwide, bacterial resistance to several antibiotic classes is seen as a grave threat. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics was mostly caused by the abuse and overuse of antibiotics, particularly penicillins and first-generation cephalosporins, in Egypt's primary healthcare facilities.
Aim of the study:
To investigate the main resistant bacteria to a few chosen penicillins and first-generation cephalosporins, as well as the characterization of these antibiotics' resistant genes and their detrimental effects in Egypt's main medical facilities.
Methodology:
Two hundred respiratory and urinary tract infection (RTI and UTI) specimens were gathered from Egyptian primary medical center patients. The turbidimetric assay at 630 nm wavelength, the broth dilution technique, and the nanopore sequencing homology approach were used to characterize the major resistant pathogenic bacteria and their resistant genes to cefadroxil (first generation cephalosporins) and nafcillin (antipseudomonal penicillin). Moreover, adverse outcomes resulting from antibiotic resistance were noted.
Results:
Out of 200 specimens with RTI and UTI, 186 samples showed the proliferation of resistant bacteria isolates. Enterococcus faecium strain NFC and Staphylococcus aureus strain CDX were among them. Nanopore sequencing confirmed that the antibiotic-resistant gene in Enterococcus faecium was the NFC gene, whereas the antibiotic-resistant gene in Staphylococcus aureus was the CDX gene.
Penicillin-binding proteins with modest affinity were encoded by both genes. These bacterial resistance patterns were linked to a low death rate of 5% and a high morbidity rate of 47%.
Conclusion:
By expressing low affinity penicillin binding proteins through resistant NFC and CDX genes, Enterococcus faecium strain NFC and Staphylococcus aureus strain CDX were found to be the predominant bacterial isolates that cause antibiotic resistance to first-generation cephalosporins and penicillins.
Optimal offsets to improve postoperative outcomes following total hip arthroplasty - consideration of independent of con-tra-lateral side –
Authors: Imai Norio , Hirano Yuki , Endo Yuki , Horigome Yoji , Suzuki Hayato , Kawashima Hiroyuki , Homma Daisuke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Global femoral offset (GFO), a sum of acetabular offset (AO), and femoral offset (FO) have been reported to influence outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA). There are several reports on the optimal offset using plain radiographs; however, internal and ex-ternal rotations of the hip affect the offset value, and it produces unclear results when the non-surgical side is not intact. We aimed to investigate the relationship between functional hip score evaluated using the Harris hip score (HHS) and its effect on the AO, FO, GFO, anterior fem-oral offset (AFO), anterior pelvic offset (APO), and global pelvic offset (GPO) after THA, and iden-tify the optimal offset value. Materials and Methods: This study was done cross-sectionally and ret-rospectively in a single center. A total of 140 patients with hemilateral osteoarthritis of the hip (HOA) who underwent THA were included in the analysis, and parameters were examined using three-dimensional pelvic and femoral models generated from computed tomography. Results: There was a significant binomial correlation among modified HHS, FO, and GFO, with maximum values of 21.3 mm and 40 mm/100 cm body height, respectively. Conclusions: The pelvic and femo-ral parameters were measured and evaluated through alignment with a specific coordinate system. Based on our findings, preoperative planning using the parameters is expected to improve post-operative hip function, even when the nonoperative side is not suitable as a reference, as in bilateral HOA cases.