bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Archaeologists’ Online Archive Experiences Through User-Centred Design
Authors: Power Christopher , Lewis Andrew , Petrie Helen , Green Katie , Richards Julian , Eramian Mark , Chan Brittany , Walia Ekta , Sijaranamual Isaac , Rijke Maarten De 
Published: January 2017

Traditionally, the preservation of archaeological data has been limited by the cost of materials and the physical space required to store them, but for the last 20 years, increasing amounts of digital data have been generated and stored online. New techniques in digital photography and document scanning have dramatically increased the amount of data that can be retained in digital format, while at the same time reducing the physical cost of production and storage. Vast numbers of hand written notes, grey literature documents, images of assemblages, contexts, and artefacts have been made available online. However, accessing these repositories is not always straightforward. Superficial interaction design, sparsely populated metadata, and heterogeneous schemas may prevent users from working the data that they need within archaeological archives.In this article, we present the work of the Digging into Archaeological Data and Image Search Metadata project (DADAISM), a multidisciplinary project that draws together the work of researchers from the fields of archaeology, interaction design, image processing and text mining to create an interactive system that supports archaeologists in their tasks in online archives. By adopting a user-centred approach with techniques grounded in contextual design, we identified the phases of archaeologists work in online archives, which are distinctive to this user group. The insights from this work drove the design and evaluation of an interactive system that successfully integrates content-based image based retrieval and improved metadata searching to deliver a positive user experience when working with online archives.
The Digital Music Lab
Authors: Abdallah Samer , Benetos Emmanouil , Gold Nicolas , Hargreaves Steven , Weyde Tillman , Wolff Daniel 
Published: January 2017

In musicology and music research generally, the increasing availability of digital music, storage capacities, and computing power enable and require new and intelligent systems. In the transition from traditional to digital musicology, many techniques and tools have been developed for the analysis of individual pieces of music, but large-scale music data that are increasingly becoming available require research methods and systems that work on the collection-level and at scale. Although many relevant algorithms have been developed during the past 15 years of research in Music Information Retrieval, an integrated system that supports large-scale digital musicology research has so far been lacking.
In the Digital Music Lab (DML) project, a collaboration among music librarians, musicologists, computer scientists, and human-computer interface specialists, the DML software system has been developed that fills this gap by providing intelligent large-scale music analysis with a user-friendly interactive interface supporting musicologists in their exploration and enquiry. The DML system empowers musicologists by addressing several challenges: distributed processing of audio and other music data, management of the data analysis process and results, remote analysis of data under copyright, logical inference on the extracted information and metadata, and visual web-based interfaces for exploring and querying the music collections. The DML system is scalable and based on Semantic Web technology and integrates into Linked Data with the vision of a distributed system that enables music research across archives, libraries, and other providers of music data. A first DML system prototype has been set up in collaboration with the British Library and I Like Music Ltd. This system has been used to analyse a diverse corpus of currently 250,000 music tracks. In this article, we describe the DML system requirements, design, architecture, components, and available data sources, explaining their interaction. We report use cases and applications with initial evaluations of the proposed system.
Current Research and Open Problems in Attribute-Based Access Control
Authors: Servos Daniel , Osborn Sylvia L. 
Published: January 2017

Attribute-based access control (ABAC) is a promising alternative to traditional models of access control (i.e., discretionary access control (DAC), mandatory access control (MAC), and role-based access control (RBAC)) that is drawing attention in both recent academic literature and industry application. However, formalization of a foundational model of ABAC and large scale adoption is still in its infancy. The relatively recent emergence of ABAC still leaves a number of problems unexplored. Issues like delegation, administration, auditability, scalability, hierarchical representations, and the like, have been largely ignored or left to future work.
This article provides a basic introduction to ABAC and a comprehensive review of recent research efforts toward developing formal models of ABAC. A taxonomy of ABAC research is presented and used to categorize and evaluate surveyed articles. Open problems are identified based on the shortcomings of the reviewed works and potential solutions discussed.
Certified Roundoff Error Bounds Using Semidefinite Programming
Authors: Magron Victor , Constantinides George , Donaldson Alastair 
Published: January 2017

Roundoff errors cannot be avoided when implementing numerical programs with finite precision. The ability to reason about rounding is especially important if one wants to explore a range of potential representations, for instance, for FPGAs or custom hardware implementations. This problem becomes challenging when the program does not employ solely linear operations as non-linearities are inherent to many interesting computational problems in real-world applications.
Existing solutions to reasoning possibly lead to either inaccurate bounds or high analysis time in the presence of nonlinear correlations between variables. Furthermore, while it is easy to implement a straightforward method such as interval arithmetic, sophisticated techniques are less straightforward to implement in a formal setting. Thus there is a need for methods that output certificates that can be formally validated inside a proof assistant.
We present a framework to provide upper bounds on absolute roundoff errors of floating-point nonlinear programs. This framework is based on optimization techniques employing semidefinite programming and sums of squares certificates, which can be checked inside the Coq theorem prover to provide formal roundoff error bounds for polynomial programs. Our tool covers a wide range of nonlinear programs, including polynomials and transcendental operations as well as conditional statements. We illustrate the efficiency and precision of this tool on non-trivial programs coming from biology, optimization, and space control. Our tool produces more accurate error bounds for 23% of all programs and yields better performance in 66% of all programs.
On the Relation between Gravity Waves and Wind Speed in the Lower Stratosphere over the Southern Ocean
Authors: Plougonven Riwal , Jewtoukoff Valérian , Cámara Alvaro de la , Lott François , Hertzog Albert 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The relationship between gravity wave momentum fluxes and local wind speed is investigated for oceanic regions at high southern latitudes during austral spring. The motivation is to better describe the gravity wave field by identifying a simple relationship between gravity waves and the large-scale flow. The tools used to describe the gravity waves are probability density functions of the gravity wave momentum fluxes. Three independent datasets covering high latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere springtime are analyzed: simulations with a mesoscale model, analyses from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, and observations from superpressure balloons of the Concordiasi campaign in 2010. A remarkably robust relation is found, with stronger momentum fluxes much more likely in regions of strong winds. The tails of the probability density functions are well described as lognormal. The median momentum flux increases linearly with background wind speed: for winds stronger than 50 m s−1, the median gravity wave momentum fluxes are about 4 times larger than for winds weaker than 10 m s−1. From model output, this relation is found to be relevant from the tropopause to the midstratosphere at least. The flux dependence on wind speed shows a somewhat steeper slope at higher altitude. Several different processes contribute to this relation, involving both the distribution of sources and the effects of propagation and filtering. It is argued that the location of tropospheric sources is the main contributor in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere and that lateral propagation into regions of strong winds becomes increasingly important above.
Meteorological Interpretation of Orographic Precipitation Gradients along an Andes West Slope Basin at 30°S (Elqui Valley, Chile)
Authors: Scaff Lucia , Rutllant Jose A. , Rahn David , Gascoin Simon , Rondanelli Roberto 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
To better forecast streamflow and water resource availability, it is important to have an understanding of the meteorological drivers of the orographic precipitation gradient (OPG), especially critical in semiarid mountainous areas. Although forced ascent over topography typically results in precipitation increasing with altitude (positive OPGs), mean annual OPGs and especially OPGs associated with individual storms can change widely in magnitude and even sign. Precipitation measurements from the Elqui Valley in the semiarid Andes of Chile (30°S) reveal a mean annual OPG of 6.3 mm km−1 (millimeters of precipitation over kilometers in elevation) ranging from −42 to 52 mm km−1 for individual storms over the last 35 years (1979–2013). Reanalysis data and precipitation measurements are used to characterize the observed OPG in this region in relation with their synoptic-scale flow. It is found that the Froude number correlates positively with the OPG, reflecting stronger zonal winds and less static stability during storms that have positive OPGs. Altitude of the Andes barrier jet shows only a weak relationship with the OPG. Significant storms with positive OPGs are typically linked with an austral blocking of the westerlies and an equatorward migration of the midlatitude storm track. For negative OPGs, either a cutoff low or the northern edge of a surface migratory cyclone reaches the Elqui Valley in such a way that significant rainfall only occurs in the near-coastal region without major snowfall accumulation over the Andes.
Interpolation of Operational Radar Data to a Regular Cartesian Grid Exemplified by Munich’s Airport Radar Configuration
Authors: Augst Ayla , Hagen Martin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTwo methods for avoiding errors in the interpolation of operational radar data to a regular grid are presented. The issue is the interpolation of radial velocity and the subsequent estimation of horizontal wind components. It is shown how a vertical gradient of the horizontal wind in combination with gaps of data between scans with different elevation angles affect the interpolation. Simulated radar data for the radar configuration covering the Munich airport in southern Germany are used for illustration. The origin of the abovementioned errors is explained using simplified wind fields. With wind fields generated by the German nonhydrostatic atmospheric prediction model COSMO-DE, the effectiveness of the methods is presented. Both methods contribute to a reduction in interpolation error—by 44% and 35%, respectively—compared to a standard interpolation scheme used for many operational radar configurations.
Statistical Forecast Model for Ice-Related Events in the Arctic
Authors: April André 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a statistical ice event forecast model for the Arctic based on Fourier transforms and a mathematical filter. The results indicate that this model compares very well with both a multiple regression model and a human-made forecast. There seems to be a direct link between the period associated with the dominant spectral peak of the Fourier transform and the ease with which the date of events, such as fractures, bergy water, or open water, can be forecast. While useful for the normal timing of events, at this time, none of the current forecast models can predict events that occur before or beyond the usual or historical dates, which poses a forecast problem in the Arctic.
Expanding access to parasite-based malaria diagnosis through retail drug shops in Tanzania: evidence from a randomized trial and implications for treatment
Authors: Maloney Kathleen , Ward Abigail , Krenz Bonnie , Petty Nora , Bryson Lindsay , Dolkart Caitlin , Visser Theodoor , Le Menach Arnaud , Scott Valerie K. , Cohen Justin M. , Mtumbuka Esther , Mkude Sigsbert 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Background
Tanzania has seen a reduction in the fraction of fevers caused by malaria, likely due in part to scale-up of control measures. While national guidelines require parasite-based diagnosis prior to treatment, it is estimated that more than half of suspected malaria treatment-seeking in Tanzania initiates in the private retail sector, where diagnosis by malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) or microscopy is illegal. This pilot study investigated whether the introduction of RDTs into Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets (ADDOs) under realistic market conditions would improve case management practices.

Methods
Dispensers from ADDOs in two intervention districts in Tanzania were trained to stock and perform RDTs and monitored quarterly. Each district was assigned a different recommended retail price to evaluate the need for a subsidy. Malaria RDT and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) uptake and availability were measured pre-intervention and 1 year post-intervention through structured surveys of ADDO owners and exiting customers in both intervention districts and one contiguous control district. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were used to compare the three districts and identify predictive variables for testing.

Results and discussion
A total of 310 dispensers from 262 ADDOs were trained to stock and perform RDTs. RDT availability in intervention ADDOs increased from 1% (n = 172) to 73% (n = 163) during the study; ACT medicines were available in 75% of 260 pre-intervention and 68% of 254 post-intervention ADDOs. Pre-treatment testing performed within the ADDO increased from 0 to 65% of suspected malaria patients who visited a shop (95% CI 60.8–69.6%) with no difference between intervention districts. Overall parasite-based diagnosis increased from 19 to 74% in intervention districts and from 3 to 18% in the control district. Prior knowledge of RDT availability (aOR = 1.9, p = 0.03) and RDT experience (aOR = 1.9, p = 0.01) were predictors for testing. Adherence data indicated that 75% of malaria positives received ACT, while 3% of negatives received ACT.

Conclusions
Trained and supervised ADDO dispensers in rural Tanzania performed and sold RDTs under real market conditions to two-thirds of suspected malaria patients during this one-year pilot. These results support the hypothesis that introducing RDTs into regulated private retail sector settings can improve malaria testing and treatment practices without an RDT subsidy.
Trial registration ISRCTN ISRCTN14115509
A Cognitive Agent-based Model for Multi-Robot Coverage at a City Scale
Authors: Zia Kashif , Din Ahmad , Shahzad Khurram , Ferscha Alois 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn this article, we model a behavior-based strategy of autonomous coverage and exploration at the scale of a city with multiple robots. The behavioral components are motivated by Cepeda et al. (Sensors 12 (9): 12772–12797, 2012) and extended to incorporate into a generic cellular-automata based agent model. These agents are representing homogenous robots with reactive control. Deliberative approaches requires large scale map and large memory, which slowdowns the execution. Our approach is reactive and simple, that is, robots have no prior information about the environment and do not generate a route map as they traverse. However, other robots in neighborhood are detected using local sensors.FindingsA city-scale map-driven simulation is designed and model’s efficiency is evaluated for different deployment possibilities. It is evidenced that even with this simple model, the agents are able to explore a significant percentage of the environment.ConclusionFor a city-scale multi-robotic exploration, our simple but efficient model does not require explicit communication and data sharing (and hence representation and storage of navigated map) because possibility of encountering and influencing another agent is quite low, due to spatial dynamics of the environment.
Mobile pump deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis
Authors: Haynes J. , Barrack R. L. , Nam D. 
Published: January 2017

AimsThe purpose of this article was to review the current literature pertaining to the use of mobile compression devices (MCDs) for venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA), and to discuss the results of data from our institution.Patients and MethodsPrevious studies have illustrated higher rates of post-operative wound complications, re-operation and re-admission with the use of more aggressive anticoagulation regimens, such as warfarin and factor Xa inhibitors. This highlights the importance of the safety, as well as efficacy, of the chemoprophylactic regimen.ResultsStudies have shown a symptomatic VTE rate of 0.92% with use of MCDs for prophylaxis, which is comparable with rates seen with more aggressive anticoagulation protocols. A prior prospective study found that use of a pre-operative risk stratification protocol based on personal history of deep vein thrombosis, family history of VTE, active cancer, or a hypercoaguable state allowed for the avoidance of aggressive prophylactic anticoagulation in over 70% of patients while maintaining a low incidence of symptomatic VTE.ConclusionFurther investigation is needed into the role of aspirin in VTE prophylaxis as well as the efficacy of MCDs as stand-alone prophylactic treatment. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B(1 Supple A):8–13.
Periprosthetic femoral fractures and trying to avoid them
Authors: Carli A. V. , Negus J. J. , Haddad F. S. 
Published: January 2017

AimsPeriprosthetic femoral fractures (PFF) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) are devastating complications that are associated with functional limitations and increased overall mortality. Although cementless implants have been associated with an increased risk of PFF, the precise contribution of implant geometry and design on the risk of both intra-operative and post-operative PFF remains poorly investigated. A systematic review was performed to aggregate all of the PFF literature with specific attention to the femoral implant used.Patients and MethodsA systematic search strategy of several journal databases and recent proceedings from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons was performed. Clinical articles were included for analysis if sufficient implant description was provided. All articles were reviewed by two reviewers. A review of fundamental investigations of implant load-to-failure was performed, with the intent of identifying similar conclusions from the clinical and fundamental literature.ResultsIn total 596 articles were initially identified, with 34 being eligible for analysis. Aggregate analysis of 1691 PFFs in 342 719 primary THAs revealed a significantly higher number of PFFs with cementless femoral implants (p < 0.001). Single-wedge and double-wedge (fit-and-fill) femoral implants were associated with a threefold increase in PFF rates (p < 0.001) compared with anatomical, fully coated and tapered/rounded stems. Within cemented stems, loaded-taper (Exeter) stems were associated with more PFFs than composite-beam (Charnley) stems (p = 0.004). Review of the fundamental literature revealed very few studies comparing cementless component designs.ConclusionVery few studies within the PFF literature provide detailed implant information. Cementless implants, specifically those of single-wedge and double-wedge, have the highest PFF rates in the literature, with most investigations recommending against their use in older patients with osteoporotic bone. This review illustrates the need for registries and future PFF studies to record implant name and information for future analysis. Furthermore, future biomechanical investigations comparing modern implants are needed to clarify the precise contribution of implant design to PFF risk. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B(1 Supple A):50–9.
Not all cementless femoral stems are created equal but the results may be comparable
Authors: Carlson S. W. , Liu S. S. , Callaghan J. J. 
Published: January 2017

Aims The aim of this study was to compare the survivorship and radiographic outcomes at ten-year follow-up of three prospective consecutive series of patients each of which received a different design of cementless femoral components for total hip arthroplasty (THA). Patients and Methods In Cohort 1, 91 consecutive patients (100 hips) underwent THA with a cementless porous-coated anatomic femoral stem (PCA) between October 1983 and January 1986. In Cohort 2, 86 consecutive patients (100 hips) underwent THA with an extensively porous-coated cementless femoral stem (Prodigy) between June 1994 and October 1997. In Cohort 3, 88 consecutive patients (100 hips) underwent THA with a proximally porous-coated triple-tapered cementless stem (Summit) between April 2002 and October 2003. All three groups underwent prospective clinical and radiographic evaluation. Results Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis of Cohort 1 was 91% (95% confidence interval (CI) 88 to 94) with an endpoint of revision for any reason and 97% (95% CI 95 to 99) with aseptic loosening as the endpoint. Survivorship of Cohort 2 was 88% (95% CI 79 to 97) for revision for any reason and 100% for aseptic loosening. Survivorship of Cohort 3 was 95% (95% CI 91 to 99) for revision for any reason and 100% with aseptic loosening as the endpoint. Conclusion With revision for aseptic loosening of the femoral component as the endpoint, the three femoral components with different design philosophies demonstrated excellent survivorship, ranging from 97% to 100% at ten years. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B(1 Supple A):14–17.