bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Value of an Open Scientific Data and Documentation Platform in a Global Project: The Case of Zenodo
Authors: Crespo Garrido Irene del Rosario , Loureiro García María , Gutleber Johannes 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOpen Science is a movement aimed at promoting public access to all scientific research products, without barriers or restrictions. Open Data refers to the practice of sharing research data in a way that assures that the research is accessible, reusable, and reproducible for everyone. Leveraging these two principles, scientists can validate results, and findings, conduct new research, and promote scientific progress. Open data also enables interdisciplinary collaborations and the exploration of research questions beyond the original scope of the data. The most appropriate means used for implementing Open science and open data are digital, collaborative technologies. One notable example of a platform facilitating information dissemination is Zenodo, a free virtual repository based on the CERN developed Invenio software suite. Zenodo serves as an open access and open data platform, offering researchers, scientists, and individuals a centralized, durable, reliable, scalable, free, and accessible space to share, publish, and preserve their research outputs. Zenodo provides various features and benefits that foster knowledge advancement and collaboration within the research community. By promoting open access, Zenodo enables the global dissemination of research findings, eliminating obstacles such as geographic and financial constraints. It is challenging to accurately capture the impact of scientific dissemination, both social and economic. This is particularly the case for a free, “catch-all” repository, which permits any user to supply and access non-reviewed information. This report provides a quantitative estimate of the monetary value that a virtual repository represents based on a multi-component model in which the different parts of the system are quantified using appropriate distinct methods. This study uses the virtual repository Zenodo as a reference case for the ex-ante societal impact analysis for the Future Circular Collider (FCC) at CERN, assuming that in the lifetime of such a new research infrastructure, at least one comparable development will be required due to the collaborative nature of scientific physics research with particle accelerators and colliders. Our results indicate a discounted socio-economic impact potential of about 2.8 billion CHF for an observation period of 29 years, from 2028 to 2057.
Collaboration Between Science and Industry: Future Research Directions for Big Science Organizations
Authors: Dietrichson Erika Susan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOver the last few decades, science-industry collaboration has in large part been studied through the lens of universities, as key sources for industrial innovation. Surprisingly, relatively little attention has been paid to Big Science Organizations (BSOs), also known as large scale research infrastructures, despite them playing a great role in science, technology and innovation policy. Research has been conducted on both actors and their collaborations with industry, resulting in two streams of research. While the stream on University-Industry Collaboration (UIC) is rather established in quantity and quality, Big Science-Industry Collaboration (BSIC) research is yet an under-developed area, and there is a clear imbalance in the literature between the two streams. However, attention to BSOs is gaining traction, and as such, deciphering what can be learned and applied from UIC and what can be further studied in BSIC can be conducive. The objective of this work is thus to present a comparison of these two streams, with the aim of identifying some of the core differences between them, as well as to produce an agenda for future BSIC research. A review of UIC literature reviews is compiled, along with a systematic review of the BSIC literature to date. The results of this study have demonstrated many similarities between the two streams of research, where both streams have covered the same themes, and in most part, the same topics. Differences have arisen in subtle ways, such as through definitions of concepts, organizational perspectives, or differences in the temporal periods of collaboration studied. Various areas are highlighted for future research.
The Value of Open Science at CERN: An Analysis Based on a Travel Cost Model
Authors: Crespo Garrido Irene del Rosario , Loureiro García María , Gutleber Johannes 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOpen science is a fundamental root of the European Organization for Nuclear Research, known by its acronym CERN. This international organization, located between Switzerland and France, has distinguished itself since its inception by sharing its discoveries, innovative technologies, and the information generated by its most ambitious project, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) so that researchers around the world and society can benefit from the data gathered and the knowledge created. One of the main characteristics of the organization is the possibility to freely visit the particle accelerators and the experiments at these machines. On these occasions, visitors can meet the scientists and learn directly from them about the organization, its discoveries, and its daily activities. This study is one of the few assessing the economic value of these initiatives. It is based on a survey using a sample size of 900 visitors to CERN during one calendar year. Results from a travel cost application show that visitor would be willing to pay a total on average at least 0.72 € over the cost of the trip per person, owing to the experience and knowledge gained during their visit to the infrastructure.
Awareness and Attitudes Towards Science. The Case of CERN
Authors: Delugas Erica , Florio Massimo , Giffoni Francesco , Gutleber Johannes , Secci Luca 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe chapter highlights the need for public understanding and support of scientific research, especially basic research with no immediate practical applications. It discusses the polarization in public attitudes towards science and emphasizes the importance of valuing curiosity-driven research for societal progress.
An experiment conducted in 2022 involving CERN and the FCC project surveyed 8,443 responses from adult laypersons outside the scientific community, expanding on previous surveys in France and Switzerland. Key findings indicate public awareness and generally positive attitudes towards CERN and particle physics research. The public’s attitudes vary according to respondents’ socioeconomic traits.
Application of Tower Type Cyclone Stabilizing Cylinder Concentration Technology in Wastewater Treatment of Sand and Gravel Processing System of Batang Hydropower Station
Authors: Zhang Wei , Li Xingyu , Zhang Dong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe artificial sand and stone processing plant has always been a major pollutant discharge household in hydropower station construction, and the problems of dust and waste water are more prominent. In order to solve the problem of waste water, the artificial sand and stone processing system often uses the wet production process, combined with the sewage treatment facilities to treat the waste water produced by the system, and the pollution particles are precipitated and dehydrated again. The proper measures can realize the zero discharge of waste water. The treatment method of flocculation sedimentation and mechanical dehydration is often used in domestic sand and stone processing system wastewater. The key of the treatment process is flocculation sedimentation, and the control of sludge floc formation speed and separation effect. This paper introduces a new flocculation and sedimentation technology “tower type cyclone stabilizing cylinder concentration technology”. This technology absorbs the advantages of tower type sedimentation technology and cyclone type sedimentation tank technology. By setting up mixed flow tank, stabilizing cylinder and other structures, and combining with field flocculation test and technical fine-tuning, the optimal dosage of flocculant is determined, so as to control the formation speed and separation effect of sludge flocs in a relatively ideal range Status. The process has been successfully applied in the no wastewater treatment of the sand and gravel processing system of Batang hydropower station, and good results have been achieved, which is worthy of reference.
Exploring the Untapped Potential of Existing Hydropower Resources in the Context of New Energy Development: A Case Study of the Liyuan-Ahai Hybrid Pumped Storage Power Station
Authors: Chen Hanmo , Miao Chuting , Lu Peng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent years, countries and regions worldwide have set goals to increase the proportion of new energy source in their energy transition plans. However, the intermittent nature of new energy sources, represented by wind power and solar photovoltaics, necessitates the support of flexible resources like pumped storage and hydropower. This study takes the established Liyuan and Ahai Hydropower Stations along the Jinsha River as typical cases, thoroughly exploring the potential benefits of utilizing the reservoirs of these two stations to construct a Liyuan-Ahai hybrid pumped-storage power station. Through comprehensive analysis, we propose an installed capacity scheme that aims to maximize the benefits of the three power stations. This scheme not only provides a feasible reference method for the design of similar engineering projects, but also holds significant importance in promoting the efficient utilization and sustainable development of hydroelectric energy. We hope that through this research, we can provide valuable reference and inspiration for experts and scholars in the field of hydropower engineering.
On n-unital and n-Mal’tsev categories
Authors: Bourn Dominique , Hoefnagel Michael 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInspired by some properties of the (dual of the) category of 2-nilpotent groups, we introduce the notion of 2-unital and 2-Mal’tsev categories which, in some sense, generalises the notion of unital and Mal’tsev categories, and we characterise their varietal occurrences. This is actually the first step of an inductive process which we begin to unfold.
The hotter the better: high mean annual temperature, not seed predation, hastens the decline of invasive Bromus tectorum
Authors: Humphries Talia , Faist Akasha M. , Callaway Ragan M. , Lucero Jacob E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBromus tectorum invasion degrades biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in the Great Basin Desert. To explain, predict, and manage B. tectorum invasion, we must understand the biotic and abiotic factors that influence its establishment and persistence. We explored interactions between two key constraints for invaders in general and B. tectorum in particular: post-dispersal seed predation and climate, including mean annual temperature, rainfall, snowfall, and aridity. At six study sites in undisturbed, climax Artemisia tridentata communities across northern Nevada and Utah, we performed one-time additions of 100 B. tectorum seeds to microsites outfitted with either a dummy (“open”) cage that exposed seeds to rodent foraging, or a functional (“closed”) cage that protected them from rodent foraging. Living Bromus tectorum plants within experimental cages were censused one and 5 years after seed additions. At both 1- and 5-years censuses, and regardless of climate, B. tectorum densities were similar in open and closed microsites, suggesting that rodent foraging did not affect B. tectorum establishment or persistence. Compared to 1-year censuses, B. tectorum counts declined by 47% across all sites after 5 years, but declines were sharpest at sites with the highest mean annual temperatures. Taken together, our findings suggest that undisturbed, climax A. tridentata communities can resist B. tectorum expansion, and this resistance increases with mean annual temperature, not rodent foraging. We suggest that controlling nascent populations of B. tectorum may be particularly urgent in intact climax A. tridentata communities in relatively cool climates, where community-level resistance against B. tectorum persistence is lowest.
Neurodivergent (Autism and ADHD) student experiences of access and inclusion in higher education: an ecological systems theory perspective
Authors: Butcher Luke , Lane Stevie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigher Education (HE) can be a complicated and isolating experience for neurodivergent students. Many systemic barriers and injustices create challenges for the accessibility and inclusivity of learning environments and curriculums. However, with the appropriate accommodations, staff guided by neurodiversity-affirming practices, accessible curricula, and opportunities to connect with neurodivergent peers, it can be highly rewarding. Through 15 in-depth, lived-experience-informed interviews with neurodivergent HE students who are Autistic and/or ADHDers in Australia, we analyse experiences at different system levels. By validating the robust framework of ecological systems theory in this context, we extend the academic understanding and add to the limited research on HE experiences for this marginalised, often ignored, but important student segment. We discover pivotal micro-systems of curricula, assessments, reasonable adjustment plans, spaces, teachers, students, and support services. Further contributions are made through the first extension of ‘feedback loops’ into research of HE micro-systems, and descriptions of macro and chrono-systems. With many HE systems erected and emergent to cater to the student majority, illuminating the experiences of neurodivergent students with these intersecting HE systems provides concrete insights for leadership, teachers, and support staff to improve accessibility and inclusion in HE.
People of the Sea, or of the Soil? How the Balance of Marine and Terrestrial Resource Availability Informs Maximum Population on Four Polynesian Islands
Authors: Puleston Cedric O. , Kahn Jennifer G. , Chadwick Oliver A. , Belluzzo Nick , Kirch Patrick V. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMost studies of the food resource potential of early Polynesian populations focus exclusively on agricultural potential, and specifically starchy staples, despite the importance of marine resources to the Polynesians. To more accurately estimate total precontact food resource availability, we characterized the terrestrial and near-shore marine environments of four Polynesian islands: Moʻorea, Maupiti, Mangareva and Taravai. We estimate the agricultural potential of each island after a consideration of the ecological factors related to productivity. We also estimate the productivity of the near-shore marine environment as a function of surface area. Using a range of fish yield scenarios from Pacific subsistence systems we scale relative measures of faunal food biomass derived from local archaeological excavations to generate absolute biomass estimates. We convert our estimates of agricultural and fished/foraged food potential into a maximum population size based on calorie availability. Moʻorea’s fertile valleys and wetlands would potentially generate sufficient food energy, mostly from starchy staples, to support a considerable population, many times larger than the other islands. In the most likely fish yield scenario Moʻorea gets only 0.4% of its calories from marine sources, while the others range from 7–18%. These relative inputs reflect the vast superiority in productivity (in terms of calories per km2) of agricultural vs near-shore marine zones. We also find that population size on islands with smaller fringing reefs, such as Moʻorea, may have been limited by a lack of fish protein. Moʻorea’s maximum population is approximately halved when diet breadth is considered.
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid combined with selenium accelerates bone regeneration in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Tao ZhouShan , Yang Min , Shen Cai-Liang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMore recently, increased studies have revealed that antioxidants can cure osteoporosis by inhibiting oxidative stress. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and Selenium (Se) have been confirmed to possess potent anti-oxidative effects and accelerate bone regeneration. In addition, very little is currently known about the effects of a combination with Se and TUDCA on bone defects in osteoporotic states. We, therefore, aimed to assess the protective effect of combination with Se and TUDCA on bone regeneration and investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms. When MC3T3-E1 was cultured in the presence of H2H2, Se, TUDCA and Se/TUDCA therapy could increase the matrix mineralization and promote expression of anti-oxidative stress markers in MC3T3-E1, while reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS levels. Meanwhile, silent information regulator type 1 (SIRT1) was upregulated in response to Se, TUDCA and Se/TUDCA exposures in H2H2 treated-MC3T3-E1. In the OVX rat model, Se, TUDCA and Se/TUDCA showed a clear positive effect against impaired bone repair in osteoporosis. The results above demonstrate that Se/TUDCA exhibits superior efficacy in both cellular and animal experiments, as compared to Se and TUDCA. In conclusion, combination with Se and TUDCA stimulates bone regeneration and is a promising candidate for promoting bone repair in osteoporosis.
Graphical abstract
Inconsistences persisting in the conceptual structure of thermal physics and the nature of fundamental constants
Authors: Mareš Jiří J. , Špička Václav , Šesták Jaroslav 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConceptual structure of contemporary thermal physics is by no means simple, understandable and free of contradictions or ambiguities. As many students claim, it is a rather complicated doctrine which is far from to be easy comprehensible (Meltzer in Am J Phys 72:1432–1446, 2004). Therefore, in this polemic contribution, originally the summer school lecture, we will address some lesser-known points, which are likely responsible for such a situation. We start with Black’s path breaking discovery of two aspects of heat, namely the “matter of heat” and the “intensity of heat,” which were later identified with the quantities known as entropy (S) and temperature (T). It can be shown that the product of these two quantities can enter the energy balance equation, which is apt to interconnect various parts of physics. The genesis of these key concepts was, however, not straightforward. An original hypothetical model of heat, a subtle imponderable fluid, caloric (ς), was abandoned after the non-critical acceptance of the “milestone of thermodynamics,” Mayer–Joule’s postulate claiming the equivalence of heat and work. Heat then became a pure energy without any material carrier, but with seriously limited transformation abilities. In addition, the situation is also complicated by the very fact that the definition of Kelvin absolute thermodynamic temperature scale (T) is fully based on the caloric theory. Partial reconciliation brought about only introduction of Clausius’ entropy. This, however, was afterward recognized to be practically identical with the Carnot’s caloric. Furthermore, by analogy identification of phenomenological variables S and T with statistical parameters appearing in the kinetic theory has not withstand extension to the domain of special relativity. Thus, the full equivalence between thermodynamics and statistical physics is not feasible. Another realm of problems is generated by the recent tendency in metrology to define units by means of defining constants with fixed numerical values instead of materialized étalons. In case of thermal physics, one can be skeptic about such an approach, because the universal constancy of entropy and its unit, Boltzmann constant k = 1.380649 × .10−23 J K-1, are only unjustified assumptions, which can be a potential source of future difficulties.
Magnetic Sphincter Augmentation for Gastroesophageal Reflux After Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cammarata Francesco , Novia Martina , Aiolfi Alberto , Damiani Riccardo , Manara Michele , Giovanelli Alessandro , Berta Rossana Daniela , Anselmino Marco , Ogliari Cristina , Bona Davide , Bonavina Luigi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis systematic review aims to evaluate the current evidence regarding safety and efficacy of magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) carries the risk of surgical and metabolic complications and may be contraindicated in patients with normalized or near-normalized body mass index. The LINX™ procedure aims to restore LES competency and to repair the crura. We included 109 patients (14 studies) undergoing LINX™ implant after LSG. Median follow-up was 18.9 months (range 0.3–63). Both the GERD-HRQL (38 ± 13 vs. 10 ± 11; p = 0.0078) and daily PPI use (97.4% vs. 25.3%; p < 0.0001) were significantly improved. Overall, 31.8% of the patients experienced device-related adverse events, mainly self-limiting. LINX™ explant for esophageal erosion occurred in 0.9% of the patients.
Electric bus fleet transition: assessment approach considering economic and environmental impacts, and its application
Authors: Ye Zimeng , Huang Ziling , Yang Shuyuan , Du Yuze , Zhao Hongmei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn our society, global warming is considered one of the most serious problems. According to scientists, the world has been warmed by 3 degrees per year, which will be catastrophic to our world. To reduce CO2 emission, an electric bus is one way to solve the problem. In this article, we use four different models: Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model (ARIMA), Ecological Assessment Model, Bus Fleet Replacement Financial Model, and Integer Programming Model to determine the number of carbon emissions, the least money that government need to spend on transitions, and future blueprint; these help to predict the overall benefits for countries turn into absolutely electric bus society. Our research stands from the sustainable point of view; we view better environment as the goal. By applying these models to three different countries: London, and Toronto, and Philadelphia which is our main focus, we find out that the air quality will be increased by reducing different kinds of pollution. Moreover, by constructing a ten-year blueprint, we find out the best way to spend least money and make the environment gradually become better.