bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochemistry of the Eocene magmatic rocks from the Lesser Caucasus area (Armenia): evidence of a subduction geodynamic environment
Authors: Sahakyan L. , Bosch D. , Sosson M. , Avagyan A. , Galoyan Gh. , Rolland Y. , Bruguier O. , Stepanyan Zh. , Galland B. , Vardanyan S. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

This paper is focused on petrological and geochemical data obtained on a series of Middle and Upper Eocene magmatic rocks from the Lesser Caucasus of Armenia in order to elucidate magma sources and geodynamic processes. Middle–Upper Eocene magmatism is present in two main zones: the Amasia–Sevan–Hakari suture zone (ASHSZ) and the so-called South Armenian Microplate (SAM). Volcanic rocks from both places range from basalt to rhyolite and mostly display a calc-alkaline character. Trace element patterns from the SAM and ASHSZ samples show mobile-elements enrichment (Rb, Ba, Th) together with strong negative high field strength elements (Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr) anomalies. The (La/Sm)
N
ratio yields very close values for both areas. Conversely, the (La/Yb)
N
ratio is, on average, significantly higher for SAM than for ASHSZ, suggesting the presence of residual garnet at the source of the SAM volcanic rocks. Nevertheless, trace elements suggest partial melting from phlogopite- and amphibole-bearing spinel lherzolitic mantle sources.

Neodymium and strontium isotopes yield εNd
(40Ma)
and
87
Sr/
86
Sr
(40Ma)
ratios ranging, respectively, from –0.3 to +6.6 and from 0.70314 to 0.70531 for SAM samples, and from +3.4 to +6.8 and from 0.70393 to 0.70433 for ASHSZ samples. Initial Pb/Pb isotopic ratios yield close values for both areas but with slightly higher and more homogeneous
207
Pb/
204
Pb and
208
Pb/
204
Pb ratios for SAM samples. Such features concur with a more pronounced slab-component contribution in the frontal part of the volcanic belt, that is, in the SAM domain. No significant crustal contamination has been detected in the studied Eocene magmatic rocks from both the ASHSZ and SAM.

Considering geodynamic and geochemical constraints, we propose that this magmatism is connected with a north-dipping Southern Neotethys subduction, in an extensional (back-arc) environment of orogenic belts. The Arabia–Eurasia collision and the closure of the Neotethys Ocean may have occurred after this magmatic event.
Aspirin Suppresses the Acquisition of Chemoresistance in Breast Cancer by Disrupting an NFκB–IL6 Signaling Axis Responsible for the Generation of Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Saha Shilpi , Mukherjee Shravanti , Khan Poulami , Kajal Kirti , Mazumdar Minakshi , Manna Argha , Mukherjee Sanhita , De Sunanda , Jana Debarshi , Sarkar Diptendra K. , Das Tanya 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Acquired chemoresistance has curtailed cancer survival since the dawn of chemotherapy. Accumulating evidence suggests a major role for cancer stem cells (CSC) in chemoresistance, although their involvement in acquired resistance is still unknown. The use of aspirin has been associated with reduced cancer risk and recurrence, suggesting that the anti-inflammatory drug may exert effects on CSCs. In this study, we investigated the contribution of CSCs to acquired chemoresistance of breast cancer and the avenues for reversing such effects with aspirin. We observed that the residual risk of recurrence was higher in breast cancer patients who had acquired chemoresistance. Treatment of preexisting CSCs with a genotoxic drug combination (5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide) generated an NFκB–IL6–dependent inflammatory environment that imparted stemness to nonstem cancer cells, induced multidrug resistance, and enhanced the migration potential of CSCs. Treatment with aspirin prior to chemotherapy suppressed the acquisition of chemoresistance by perturbing the nuclear translocation of NFκB in preexisting CSCs. Therefore, disruptions to the NFκB–IL6 feedback loop prevented CSC induction and sensitized preexisting CSCs to chemotherapy. Collectively, our findings suggest that combining aspirin and conventional chemotherapy may offer a new treatment strategy to improve recurrence-free survival of breast cancer patients. Cancer Res; 76(7); 2000–12. ©2016 AACR.
A Comprehensive Meta-analysis of Case–Control Association Studies to Evaluate Polymorphisms Associated with the Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Figlioli Gisella , Elisei Rossella , Romei Cristina , Melaiu Ombretta , Cipollini Monica , Bambi Franco , Chen Bowang , Köhler Aleksandra , Cristaudo Alfonso , Hemminki Kari , Gemignani Federica , Försti Asta , Landi Stefano 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackground: Linkage analyses and association studies suggested that inherited genetic variations play a role in the development of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).Methods: We combined the results from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) performed by our group and from published studies on DTC. With a first approach, we evaluated whether a SNP published as associated with the risk of DTC could replicate in our GWAS (using FDR as adjustment for multiple comparisons). With the second approach, meta-analyses were performed between literature and GWAS when both sources suggested an association, increasing the statistical power of the analysis.Results: rs1799814 (CYP1A1), rs1121980 (FTO), and 3 SNPs within 9q22 (rs965513, rs7048394, and rs894673) replicated the associations described in the literature. In addition, the meta-analyses between literature and GWAS revealed 10 more SNPs within 9q22, six within FTO, two within SOD1, and single variations within HUS1, WDR3, UGT2B7, ALOX12, TICAM1, ATG16L1, HDAC4, PIK3CA, SULF1, IL11RA, VEGFA, and 1p31.3, 2q35, 8p12, and 14q13.Conclusion: This analysis confirmed several published risk loci that could be involved in DTC predisposition.Impact: These findings provide evidence for the role of germline variants in DTC etiology and are consistent with a polygenic model of the disease. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(4); 700–13. ©2016 AACR.
A Novel Epigenetic Signature for Early Diagnosis in Lung Cancer
Authors: Diaz-Lagares Angel , Mendez-Gonzalez Jesus , Hervas David , Saigi Maria , Pajares Maria J. , Garcia Diana , Crujerias Ana B. , Pio Ruben , Montuenga Luis M. , Zulueta Javier , Nadal Ernest , Rosell Antoni , Esteller Manel , Sandoval Juan 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Purpose: Lung cancer remains as the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, mainly due to late diagnosis. Cytology is the gold-standard method for lung cancer diagnosis in minimally invasive respiratory samples, despite its low sensitivity. We aimed to identify epigenetic biomarkers with clinical utility for cancer diagnosis in minimally/noninvasive specimens to improve accuracy of current technologies.
Experimental Design: The identification of novel epigenetic biomarkers in stage I lung tumors was accomplished using an integrative genome-wide restrictive analysis of two different large public databases. DNA methylation levels for the selected biomarkers were validated by pyrosequencing in paraffin-embedded tissues and minimally invasive and noninvasive respiratory samples in independent cohorts.
Results: We identified nine cancer-specific hypermethylated genes in early-stage lung primary tumors. Four of these genes presented consistent CpG island hypermethylation compared with nonmalignant lung and were associated with transcriptional silencing. A diagnostic signature was built using multivariate logistic regression model based on the combination of four genes: BCAT1, CDO1, TRIM58, and ZNF177. Clinical diagnostic value was also validated in multiple independent cohorts and yielded a remarkable diagnostic accuracy in all cohorts tested. Calibrated and cross-validated epigenetic model predicts with high accuracy the probability to detect cancer in minimally and noninvasive samples. We demonstrated that this epigenetic signature achieved higher diagnostic efficacy in bronchial fluids as compared with conventional cytology for lung cancer diagnosis.
Conclusions: Minimally invasive epigenetic biomarkers have emerged as promising tools for cancer diagnosis. The herein obtained epigenetic model in combination with current diagnostic protocols may improve early diagnosis and outcome of lung cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res; 22(13); 3361–71. ©2016 AACR.
Artistic Awakening in Ankara (1953)
Authors: Ecevit Bülent 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
This essay analyzes three polemic newspaper articles written in the early 1950s by the art critic, gallerist, and future Turkish prime minister Bülent Ecevit (1925–2006), “Artistic Awakening in Ankara” (1953), “The Artist and Politics” (1954), and “The Burden of the Intellectual” (1956). It argues that Ecevit's articles document a local intelligentsia's efforts to theorize the role of art in Turkish society at a crucial moment of political transformation. As Turkey abandoned its authoritarian past in order to conduct its inaugural experiment with multi-party democracy, Ecevit's columns took up two of the period's most pressing questions: the extent to which the state should control the local art world, and in what ways Turkey's newly enfranchised citizens might enact their individual rights within the realm of culture. The essay also demonstrates the importance of these three articles to Ecevit's subsequent political and intellectual trajectory: they were central to his lifelong efforts to continue the progressive social and political modernization project of the early Turkish Republic, while developing new forums for its critique, reinterpretation, and reinvigoration.
A Stochastic Model for Diagnosing Subtropical Humidity Dynamics with Stable Isotopologues of Water Vapor
Authors: Galewsky Joseph , Rabanus David 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The humidity of the free troposphere can be modeled, to first order, in terms of cold-point dehydration, followed by moistening via mixing with boundary layer air. The relative balance between these processes is of prime interest for understanding interannual variability of humidity and for understanding the water vapor feedback. Measurements of water vapor isotopic composition can provide quantitative constraints on these processes. The authors developed a stochastic model that parameterizes water vapor isotopic composition in terms of these processes and fit the model parameters to data from the Chajnantor Plateau, Chile (23°S). For August–November 2012, the average mixing ratio was 1680 ppmv, with mean water vapor δD of −234‰ and mean deuterium excess of 21‰. The data were best fit by an asymmetric last-saturation distribution with mean last-saturation mixing ratio rs of 391 (+45, −75) ppmv, a median rs of 368 (+45, −75) ppmv, and a mean mixing fraction between the freeze-dried air and moist boundary layer air of . Measurements from August to November 2014 had an average mixing ratio of 2210 ppmv, an average δD of −220‰, and an average deuterium excess of 14‰. The last-saturation distribution for this period was less skewed than for 2012, with an average rs of 520 (+42, −75) ppmv and a median rs of 507 (+25, −75) ppmv. The mean mixing fraction for 2014 was . The results show that the moistening in 2014, relative to 2012, requires increases in both the last-saturation mixing ratio and the postcondensation moistening and illustrate the utility of isotopic measurements for constraining the processes governing subtropical humidity.
High-Definition Sounding System (HDSS) for Atmospheric Profiling
Authors: Black Peter , Harrison Lee , Beaubien Mark , Bluth Robert , Woods Roy , Penny Andrew , Smith Robert W. , Doyle James D. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe High-Definition Sounding System (HDSS) is an automated system deploying the expendable digital dropsonde (XDD) designed to measure wind and pressure–temperature–humidity (PTH) profiles, and skin sea surface temperature (SST) within and around tropical cyclones (TCs) and other high-impact weather events needing high sampling density. Three experiments were conducted to validate the XDD.On two successive days off the California coast, 10 XDDs and 14 Vaisala RD-94s were deployed from the navy’s Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) Twin Otter aircraft over offshore buoys. The Twin Otter made spiral descents from 4 km to 60 m at the same descent rate as the sondes. Differences between successive XDD and RD-94 profiles due to true meteorological variability were on the same order as the profile differences between the spirals, XDDs, and RD-94s. XDD SST measured via infrared microradiometer, referred to as infrared skin SST (SSTir), and surface wind measurements were within 0.5°C and 1.5 m s−1, respectively, of buoy and Twin Otter values.A NASA DC-8 flight launched six XDDs from 12 km between ex-TC Cosme and the Baja California coast. Repeatability was shown with good agreement between features in successive profiles. XDD SSTir measurements from 18° to 28°C and surface winds agreed well with drifting buoy- and satellite-derived estimates.Excellent agreement was found between PTH and wind profiles measured by XDDs deployed from a NASA WB-57 at 18-km altitude offshore from the Texas coast and NWS radiosonde profiles from Brownsville and Corpus Christi, Texas. Successful XDD profiles were obtained in the clear and within precipitation over an offshore squall line.
Probabilistic Forecasts of Mesoscale Convective System Initiation Using the Random Forest Data Mining Technique
Authors: Ahijevych David , Pinto James O. , Williams John K. , Steiner Matthias 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A data mining and statistical learning method known as a random forest (RF) is employed to generate 2-h forecasts of the likelihood for initiation of mesoscale convective systems (MCS-I). The RF technique uses an ensemble of decision trees to relate a set of predictors [in this case radar reflectivity, satellite imagery, and numerical weather prediction (NWP) model diagnostics] to a predictand (in this case MCS-I). The RF showed a remarkable ability to detect MCS-I events. Over 99% of the 550 observed MCS-I events were detected to within 50 km. However, this high detection rate came with a tendency to issue false alarms either because of premature warning of an MCS-I event or in the continued elevation of RF forecast likelihoods well after an MCS-I event occurred. The skill of the RF forecasts was found to increase with the number of trees and the fraction of positive events used in the training set. The skill of the RF was also highly dependent on the types of predictor fields included in the training set and was notably better when a more recent training period was used. The RF offers advantages over high-resolution NWP because it can be run in a fraction of the time and can account for nonlinearly varying biases in the model data. In addition, as part of the training process, the RF ranks the importance of each predictor, which can be used to assess the utility of new datasets in the prediction of MCS-I.
Short- and long-term outcomes of pneumonectomy in a tertiary center
Authors: Qadri Syed SA , Chaudhry Mubarak A , Cale Alex , Cowen Michael E , Loubani Mahmoud 
Published: February 2016

Background Surgery is the most important therapeutic modality for lung cancer. Surgical outcomes are normally reported as 30-day or 90-day mortality or 5-year survival; 10-year survival is rarely mentioned in national data or international studies. Methods Three hundred and six patients (79% male) underwent pneumonectomy, mainly for lung cancer, from January 1998 to February 2013. Their short- and long-term outcomes up to September 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. The mean age was 64 years (range 22–82 years) and 24% were aged ≥70 years. Thoracoscore was used to calculate the risk of hospital mortality. Results Operative mortality was 4.5% whereas predicted mortality was 8%. The operative mortality for cancer patients was 3.3%; the national mortality for lung cancer is 6.5%. Only 2 patients died in hospital after a pneumonectomy in the last 5 years. Half of the patients who died in hospital were ≥70 years old; 29% (4 patients) died after urgent operations for nonmalignant disease. Overall 5- and 10-year survival was 32% and 20%. Median and mean survival was 26 and 57 months, respectively. Long-term survival was better in females aged <70 years, in left pneumonectomy patients, and in those with squamous cell lung cancer. Conclusion Our mortality for pneumonectomy was 50% less than the national mortality rate and significantly lower than that predicted by the Thoracoscore for lung cancer. This confirms that pneumonectomy is still an effective modality for the treatment of lung cancer, with low operative mortality and good long-term survival, especially in younger patients.
Better than treated as usual: Transcranial magnetic stimulation augmentation in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-refractory obsessive–compulsive disorder, mini-review and pilot open-label trial
Authors: Pallanti Stefano , Marras Anna , Salerno Luana , Makris Nikos , Hollander Eric 
Published: February 2016

Objective: 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the supplementary motor area has been shown to be effective in a subset of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) subjects, yet these results are still to be confirmed. This preliminary study compares the efficacy of augmentation with 1 Hz rTMS over the supplementary motor area and the usual augmentation treatment (TAU; treated as usual) with antipsychotics in a sample of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)-refractory OCD patients. Method: Fifty SSRI-refractory OCD patients consecutively admitted were studied: 25 were treated with a three-week trial of 1Hz, bilateral rTMS over the supplementary motor area and 25 with antipsychotic drugs. Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS; primary outcome measure), Hamilton Depression and Hamilton Anxiety scales were administered at first, second and third week of treatment. Results: Y-BOCS showed a statistically significant time effect from the baseline to the third week, with a 68% of responders (Y-BOCS score reduction of ⩾ 25%), in comparison with 24.0% in the TAU group. In the rTMS group, 17.6% of patients achieved remission. Conclusions: 1 Hz rTMS over the supplementary motor area appeared to be effective in approximately 2/3 of SSRI-refractory OCD subjects, whereas in the TAU group only 1/4 of subjects were responders. The supplementary motor area might be a new target area to be further explored with neuromodulation for OCD treatment.
Steroid-responsive painful ophthalmoplegia: Tolosa–Hunt syndrome, Eales disease, or both?
Authors: Mendonça Marcelo D , Guedes Marta , Matias Gonçalo , Costa João , Viana-Baptista Miguel 
Published: February 2016

Introduction Tolosa–Hunt syndrome (THS) is one of the most common ‘benign’ causes of painful ophthalmoplegia. Diagnosis is based on clinical and imaging findings and the exclusion of other causes because there is no specific biomarker for the syndrome. Eales disease, an idiopathic inflammatory venous disease that primarily affects the eye, can also affect the central (as stroke or myelitis) and peripheral nervous system. Case report We report the case of a 32-year-old woman with a subacute left ophthalmoplegia and evidence of a gadolinium-enhanced lesion suggesting an inflammatory granuloma that resolved within 48 hours after treatment with steroids. A diagnosis of THS was considered at this time. On a follow-up ophthalmological examination, a diagnosis of Eales disease with involvement of the left eye was made. The patient was treated successfully. Conclusion Eales disease could be a cause of painful ophthalmoplegia and may mimic THS. Long-term follow-up of patients diagnosed with THS may be necessary to exclude other diagnoses.
Comparison of Anatomic Posterolateral Knee Reconstruction Using 2 Different Popliteofibular Ligament Techniques
Authors: Yoon Kyoung Ho , Lee Sang Hak , Park Soo Yeon , Park Sang Eon , Tak Dae Hyun 
Published: February 2016

Background: Anatomic posterolateral knee reconstruction is a surgical procedure that reconstructs the lateral collateral ligament (LCL), the popliteus tendon, and the popliteofibular ligament (PFL). Until recently, diverse techniques have been reported for this reconstruction; however, the gold standard is still a matter of debate. Hypothesis: Clinical outcomes and stability with tibiofibular-based PFL reconstruction would be better than those with femorofibular-based PFL reconstruction. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The records of 10 patients who underwent anatomic posterolateral knee reconstruction between January 2011 and December 2012 (LCL, popliteus tendon, tibiofibular-based PFL reconstruction [group A]) with a minimum follow-up of 24 months were retrospectively reviewed. Ten patients who underwent anatomic posterolateral knee reconstruction (LCL, popliteus tendon, femorofibular-based PFL reconstruction [group B]) using a split Achilles tendon allograft were recruited into a matched control group. All patients in both groups had an associate posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury, and 8 in each group underwent concomitant PCL reconstruction. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective, Lysholm, and Tegner activity scale scores. Knee stability was assessed with the dial test for the evaluation of external rotation as well as varus and posterior instability by stress radiography. Results: The mean (±SD) follow-up period was 29.5 ± 3.8 months in group A and 60.4 ± 33.8 months in group B. There were no clinically significant between-group differences in IKDC subjective scores (group A: 83.8 ± 5.4, group B: 82.7 ± 6.5; P = .853), Lysholm scores (group A: 83.4 ± 5.1, group B: 84.1 ± 7.3; P = .853), or Tegner activity scale scores (group A: 4.8 ± 1.4, group B: 4.2 ± 0.9; P = .436) at the final follow-up. In addition, there was no difference in side-to-side measurements on varus stress radiography (group A: 0.9 ± 0.7 mm, group B: 1.3 ± 1.2 mm; P = .481) or posterior stress radiography (group A: 5.3 ± 1.9 mm, group B: 5.4 ± 2.2 mm; P = .971) at the final follow-up. Although the external rotation grade of the tibia was not significantly different between groups preoperatively ( P = .709), it was smaller in group A at the final follow-up ( P = .044). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes or varus stability between the 2 techniques of PFL reconstruction in patients with posterolateral corner injuries who underwent anatomic posterolateral knee reconstruction. However, the external rotation grade of the tibia was smaller in the group that underwent tibiofibular-based PFL reconstruction.