bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le Pasolini des derniers temps dans le « maintenant » de sa lisibilité
Authors: Joubert-Laurencin Hervé 
Published: October 2017

Salò (Pier Paolo Pasolini, 1975) fait image en même temps qu’il se transforme en histoire, au sens où Walter Benjamin affirme que l’image est « la dialectique à l’arrêt », c’est-à-dire que l’image historique, à un moment où « la vérité est chargée de temps jusqu’à en exploser », atteint le « maintenant » de sa lisibilité : elle ne pouvait être comprise plus tôt. L’auteur de cet article considère le « maintenant » de la France dans laquelle il vit comme chargé de violence fasciste jusqu’à en exploser. Il l’expose en une page. Puis il décrit l’usage, par le dernier Pasolini, du concept de « lisibilité », et son courage de chercher à vivre, non pas malgré mais contre tout, un moment impossible mais réel. Comme lui, et avec les mots de Romeo Castellucci, il espère, sans catharsis, voir « le tragique se poursui[vre] pour se dissiper ».
Jean Du Berger. L’ethnologue et le conteur
Authors: Bergeron Bertrand 
Published: October 2017

La carrière exceptionnelle et souvent novatrice de l’ethnologue Jean Du Berger mérite qu’on la souligne. Dans cet hommage mérité, l’auteur, dans un mélange de souvenirs personnels et de parcours biographique, trace le portrait d’un homme attachant aux multiples talents : pédagogue, chercheur, conférencier, essayiste, bénévole, Jean Du Berger peut s’honorer d’avoir oeuvré avec les pionniers qui ont créé et fait rayonner les Archives de folklore de l’Université Laval. Il fut l’un des promoteurs les plus brillants et les plus ardents de la pratique ethnologique. Son action a tôt fait de dépasser le cadre rural du savoir traditionnel pour aborder et approfondir les us et coutumes de la vie citadine, suivant en cela l’évolution de la population québécoise. Homme d’une immense culture, il aimait élever les problématiques posées par sa discipline au niveau de l’universel.
Thomas Fecteau, pilote de brousse
Authors: Genest Bernard 
Published: October 2017

À une époque où les pilotes de brousse jouaient encore un rôle déterminant dans le développement des territoires encore inexplorés, Thomas Fecteau entre au service de la compagnie de son oncle, A. Fecteau Transport Aérien, à la base de Senneterre, Abitibi, en 1947. Son quotidien est d’effectuer des missions, souvent périlleuses, dans le Nord du Québec. Volant « à vue » ou à « l’estime » dans un appareil dépourvu d’instruments de navigation, le pilote de brousse n’en rendait pas moins d’inestimables services aux populations autochtones comme aux arpenteurs, géologues, ingénieurs miniers, prospecteurs, chasseurs, trappeurs, médecins et infirmières, appelés à intervenir dans ces contrées lointaines. Un métier risqué. Plusieurs de ses collègues étant décédés dans l’exercice de leurs fonctions, Thomas Fecteau, 91 ans, se considère chanceux d’avoir pu poursuivre sa carrière comme pilote de ligne dans de bien meilleures conditions. Son témoignage rend compte d’une vie au service de ses concitoyens, marquée au sceau de son sens du devoir et de son amour pour la profession.
Remembering Sedat Pakay 1945–2016
Authors: Leeming David , Zaborowska Magdalena J. 
Published: October 2017

Sedat Pakay, whose name will always be associated with the most intimate portrayals we
have of James Baldwin, died on 20 August 2016 at his home in Claverack, NY. Sedat was born
in Istanbul, Turkey, where he graduated from Robert College. He studied at the Yale School
of Art under Walker Evans, Paul Strand, and Herbert Matter and became a successful
photo-journalist and filmmaker. His subjects for photographic portraits included Andy
Warhol, Mark Rothko, Josef Albers, Gordon Parks, and, especially, James Baldwin. Pakay’s
best-known films are Walker Evans/America (2000) and, as all Baldwin scholars and friends
know, James Baldwin: From Another Place, filmed in Istanbul in 1970.
The Process of Writing a Book about Baldwin’s Self-Exile in Saint-Paul de Vence
Authors: Farber Jules B. 
Published: October 2017

Rather than write a classic biography of James Baldwin in the last cycle of his life—from
his arrival in 1970 as a black stranger in the all-white medieval village of Saint-Paul,
until his death there in 1987—I sought to discover the author through the eyes of people
who knew him in this period. With this optic, I sought a wide variety of people who were
in some way part of his life there: friends, lovers, barmen, writers, artists, taxi
drivers, his doctors and others who retained memories of their encounters with Baldwin on
all levels. Besides the many locals, contact was made with a number of Baldwin’s further
afield cultural figures including Maya Angelou, Harry Belafonte, Sidney Poitier, Angela
Davis, Bill Wyman, and others. There were more than seventy interviews in person in places
as distant as Paris, New York or Istanbul and by telephone spread over four years during
the preparatory research and writing of the manuscript. Many of the recollections centred
on “at home with Jimmy” or dining at his “Welcome Table.”
Impact of land reclamation and agricultural water regime on the distribution and conservation status of the endangeredDryophytes suweonensis
Authors: Borzée Amaël , Kim Kyungmin , Heo Kyongman , Jablonski Piotr G. , Jang Yikweon 
Published: October 2017

Knowledge about the distribution and habitat preferences of a species is critical for its conservation. The Suweon Treefrog (Dryophytes suweonensis) is an endangered species endemic to the Republic of Korea. We conducted surveys from 2014 to 2016 at 890 potentially suitable sites across the entire range of the species in South Korea. We then assessed whetherD. suweonensiswas found in the current and ancestral predicted ranges, reclaimed and protected areas, and how the presence of agricultural floodwater affected its occurrence. Our results describe a 120 km increase in the southernmost known distribution of the species, and the absence of the species at lower latitudes. We then demonstrate a putative constriction on the species ancestral range due to urban encroachment, and provide evidence for a significant increase in its coastal range due to the colonisation of reclaimed land by the species. In addition, we demonstrate thatD. suweonensisis present in rice fields that are flooded with water originating from rivers as opposed to being present in rice fields that are irrigated from underground water. Finally, the non-overlap of protected areas and the occurrence of the species shows that only the edge of a single site whereD. suweonensisoccurs is legally protected. Based on our results and the literature, we suggest the design of a site fitting all the ecological requirements of the species, and suggest the use of such sites to prevent further erosion in the range ofD. suweonensis.
Shock‐Induced Disappearance and Subsequent Recovery of Plasmaspheric Hiss: Coordinated Observations of RBSP, THEMIS, and POES Satellites
Authors: Liu Nigang , Su Zhenpeng , Gao Zhonglei , Reeves G. D. , Zheng Huinan , Wang Yuming , Wang Shui 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPlasmaspheric hiss is an extremely low frequency whistler‐mode emission contributing significantly to the loss of radiation belt electrons. There are two main competing mechanisms for the generation of plasmaspheric hiss: excitation by local instability in the outer plasmasphere and origination from chorus outside the plasmasphere. Here on the basis of the analysis of an event of shock‐induced disappearance and subsequent recovery of plasmaspheric hiss observed by RBSP, THEMIS, and POES missions, we attempt to identify its dominant generation mechanism. In the preshock plasmasphere, the local electron instability was relatively weak and the hiss waves with bidirectional Poynting fluxes mainly originated from the dayside chorus waves. On arrival of the shock, the removal of preexisting dayside chorus and the insignificant variation of low‐frequency wave instability caused the prompt disappearance of hiss waves. In the next few hours, the local instability in the plasmasphere was greatly enhanced due to the substorm injection of hot electrons. The enhancement of local instability likely played a dominant role in the temporary recovery of hiss with unidirectional Poynting fluxes. These temporarily recovered hiss waves were generated near the equator and then propagated toward higher latitudes. In contrast, both the enhancement of local instability and the recurrence of prenoon chorus contributed to the substantial recovery of hiss with bidirectional Poynting fluxes.
Spatial and Temporal Variation of Seismic Attenuation During Hydraulic Fracturing of a Sandstone Block Subjected to Triaxial Stress
Authors: Vera Rodriguez Ismael , Stanchits Sergey 
Published: October 2017

AbstractQ factors estimated with spectral ratios describe the attenuation experienced by seismic arrivals in their travel from the source(s) to the receiver(s). When Q is not the same along the travel path of each arrival, the formulation must incorporate two Q factors making the problem indeterminate. Here we show that by assuming that Q is a random variable, the parameters of its probability distribution can be recovered through a mapping workflow using the spectral ratios. An advantage of such a workflow is that uncertainties in source location and velocity model can also be incorporated by representing these elements as random variables. We apply such a methodology to an acoustic emission (AE) data set from a laboratory experiment of hydraulic fracturing in a Colton sandstone block. We assume that the probability distribution of Q is normal. Anisotropic mean (μQ) values correlate with the triaxial stress conditions imposed at the boundaries of the block, with higher stress corresponding with less attenuation. The μQ values estimated within time intervals in the direction perpendicular to the hydraulic fracture plane correlate with stress buildup at the borehole during fracture propagation and borehole pressure relaxation or drop during fracture closure. The standard deviations (σQ) reflect the attenuation heterogeneity within the sampled regions. An increase in heterogeneity is correlated with pressure buildup at the borehole, which we interpret to reflect a dynamic stress gradient formed from the hydraulic fracture toward the surroundings.
Borehole Volumetric Strainmeter Calibration From a Nearby Seismic Broadband Array at Etna Volcano
Authors: Currenti G. , Zuccarello L. , Bonaccorso A. , Sicali A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractStrainmeter and broadband seismic signals have been analyzed jointly with the aim of calibrating a borehole strainmeter at Etna volcano by using a seismo‐geodetic technique. Our results reveal a good coherence between the dynamic strains estimated from seismometer data and strains recorded by a dilatometer in a low‐frequency range [0.03–0.06 Hz] at the arrival of teleseismic waves. This significant coherence enabled estimating the calibration coefficient and making a comparison with calibration results derived from other methods. In particular, we verified that the proposed approach provides a calibration coefficient that matches the results obtained from the comparison of the recorded strain both with theoretical strain tides and with normal‐mode synthetic straingrams. The approach presented here has the advantage of exploiting recorded seismic data, avoiding the use of computed strain from theoretical models.
The 2016 Southeastern U.S. Drought: An Extreme Departure From Centennial Wetting and Cooling
Authors: Park Williams A. , Cook Benjamin I. , Smerdon Jason E. , Bishop Daniel A. , Seager Richard , Mankin Justin S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe fall 2016 drought in the southeastern United States (SE U.S.) appeared exceptional based on its widespread impacts, but the current monitoring framework that only extends from 1979 to present does not readily facilitate evaluation of soil‐moisture anomalies in a centennial context. A new method to extend monthly gridded soil‐moisture estimates back to 1895 is developed, indicating that since 1895, October–November 2016 soil moisture (0–200 cm) in the SE U.S. was likely the second lowest on record, behind 1954. This severe drought developed rapidly and was brought on by low September–November precipitation and record‐high September–November daily maximum temperatures (Tmax). Record‐high Tmax drove record‐high atmospheric moisture demand, accounting for 28% of the October–November 2016 soil‐moisture anomaly. Drought and heat in fall 2016 contrasted with 20th century wetting and cooling in the region but resembled conditions more common from 1895–1956. Dynamically, the exceptional drying in fall 2016 was driven by anomalous ridging over the central United States that reduced south‐southwesterly moisture transports into the SE U.S. by approximately 75%. These circulation anomalies were partly promoted by a moderate La Niña and warmth in the tropical Atlantic, but these processes accounted for very little of the SE U.S. drying in fall 2016, implying a large role for internal atmospheric variability. The extended analysis back to 1895 indicates that SE U.S. droughts as strong as the 2016 event are more likely than indicated from a shorter 60 year perspective and continued multidecadal swings in precipitation may combine with future warming to further enhance the likelihood of such events.
Neoproterozoic‐Early Paleozoic Peri‐Pacific Accretionary Evolution of the Mongolian Collage System: Insights From Geochemical and U‐Pb Zircon Data From the Ordovician Sedimentary Wedge in the Mongolian Altai
Authors: Jiang Y. D. , Schulmann K. , Kröner A. , Sun M. , Lexa O. , Janoušek V. , Buriánek D. , Yuan C. , Hanžl P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNeoproterozoic to early Paleozoic accretionary processes of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt have been evaluated so far mainly using the geology of ophiolites and/or magmatic arcs. Thus, the knowledge of the nature and evolution of associated sedimentary prisms remains fragmentary. We carried out an integrated geological, geochemical, and zircon U‐Pb geochronological study on a giant Ordovician metasedimentary succession of the Mongolian Altai Mountains. This succession is characterized by dominant terrigenous components mixed with volcanogenic material. It is chemically immature, compositionally analogous to graywacke, and marked by significant input of felsic to intermediate arc components, pointing to an active continental margin depositional setting. Detrital zircon U‐Pb ages suggest a source dominated by products of early Paleozoic magmatism prevailing during the Cambrian‐Ordovician and culminating at circa 500 Ma. We propose that the Ordovician succession forms an “Altai sedimentary wedge,” the evolution of which can be linked to the geodynamics of the margins of the Mongolian Precambrian Zavhan‐Baydrag blocks. This involved subduction reversal from southward subduction of a passive continental margin (Early Cambrian) to the development of the “Ikh‐Mongol Magmatic Arc System” and the giant Altai sedimentary wedge above a north dipping subduction zone (Late Cambrian‐Ordovician). Such a dynamic process resembles the tectonic evolution of the peri‐Pacific accretionary Terra Australis Orogen. A new model reconciling the Baikalian metamorphic belt along the southern Siberian Craton with peri‐Pacific Altai accretionary systems fringing the Mongolian microcontinents is proposed to explain the Cambro‐Ordovician geodynamic evolution of the Mongolian collage system.
Rapid Evolution of Subduction‐Related Continental Intraarc Rifts: The Taupo Rift, New Zealand
Authors: Villamor P. , Berryman K. R. , Ellis S. M. , Schreurs G. , Wallace L. M. , Leonard G. S. , Langridge R. M. , Ries W. F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe evolution of the continental intraarc Taupo Rift in the North Island, New Zealand, is rapid, significantly faster than comparative intracontinental rifts such as the African Rifts. Based on our faulting data and published geological, geophysical, and borehole data, we show that activity in the ~2 Ma Taupo Rift has rapidly and asymmetrically narrowed via inward and eastward migration of faulting (at rates of approximately 30 km Myr−1 and 15 km Myr−1, respectively) and has propagated southward along its axis ~70 km in 350 kyr. The loci of voluminous volcanic eruptions and active faulting are correlated in time and space, suggesting that a controlling factor in the rapid rift narrowing is the presence of large shallow heterogeneities in the crust, such as large rhyolitic magma bodies generated by subduction processes, which weaken the crust and localize deformation. Eastward migration of faulting also follows the eastward migration of the volcanic arc which may be related to rollback of the Pacific crust slab at the Hikurangi subduction zone. Southward propagation of the rift is linked with southward migration of the Hikurangi Plateau/Chatham Rise subduction point and occurs episodically aided by stress changes associated with voluminous local volcanism. The large magma supply during early continental intraarc rift stages explains faster evolution (from tectonic to magmatic) than intracontinental rifts. However, the fast changes in magma supply from the subduction zone can also lead to evolution reversals (more evolved magmatic stages reverting to less evolved tectonic stages), rift cessation, and thus failed continental breakup.
Thermoelectric Polymer Aerogels for Pressure–Temperature Sensing Applications
Authors: Han Shaobo , Jiao Fei , Khan Zia Ullah , Edberg Jesper , Fabiano Simone , Crispin Xavier 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe evolution of the society is characterized by an increasing flow of information from things to the internet. Sensors have become the cornerstone of the internet‐of‐everything as they track various parameters in the society and send them to the cloud for analysis, forecast, or learning. With the many parameters to sense, sensors are becoming complex and difficult to manufacture. To reduce the complexity of manufacturing, one can instead create advanced functional materials that react to multiple stimuli. To this end, conducting polymer aerogels are promising materials as they combine elasticity and sensitivity to pressure and temperature. However, the challenge is to read independently pressure and temperature output signals without cross‐talk. Here, a strategy to fully decouple temperature and pressure reading in a dual‐parameter sensor based on thermoelectric polymer aerogels is demonstrated. It is found that aerogels made of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) can display properties of semiconductors lying at the transition between insulator and semimetal upon exposure to high boiling point polar solvents, such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Importantly, because of the temperature‐independent charge transport observed for DMSO‐treated PEDOT‐based aerogel, a decoupled pressure and temperature sensing can be achieved without cross‐talk in the dual‐parameter sensor devices.
A Physicochemically Optimized and Neuroconductive Biphasic Nerve Guidance Conduit for Peripheral Nerve Repair
Authors: Ryan Alan J. , Lackington William A. , Hibbitts Alan J. , Matheson Austyn , Alekseeva Tijna , Stejskalova Anna , Roche Phoebe , O'Brien Fergal J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractClinically available hollow nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have had limited success in treating large peripheral nerve injuries. This study aims to develop a biphasic NGC combining a physicochemically optimized collagen outer conduit to bridge the transected nerve, and a neuroconductive hyaluronic acid‐based luminal filler to support regeneration. The outer conduit is mechanically optimized by manipulating crosslinking and collagen density, allowing the engineering of a high wall permeability to mitigate the risk of neuroma formation, while also maintaining physiologically relevant stiffness and enzymatic degradation tuned to coincide with regeneration rates. Freeze‐drying is used to seamlessly integrate the luminal filler into the conduit, creating a longitudinally aligned pore microarchitecture. The luminal stiffness is modulated to support Schwann cells, with laminin incorporation further enhancing bioactivity by improving cell attachment and metabolic activity. Additionally, this biphasic NGC is shown to support neurogenesis and gliogenesis of neural progenitor cells and axonal outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia. These findings highlight the paradigm that a successful NGC requires the concerted optimization of both a mechanical support phase capable of bridging a nerve defect and a neuroconductive phase with an architecture capable of supporting both Schwann cells and neurons in order to achieve functional regenerative outcome.
Photonic Microhand with Autonomous Action
Authors: Martella Daniele , Nocentini Sara , Nuzhdin Dmitry , Parmeggiani Camilla , Wiersma Diederik S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGrabbing and holding objects at the microscale is a complex function, even for microscopic living animals. Inspired by the hominid‐type hand, a microscopic equivalent able to catch microelements is engineered. This microhand is light sensitive and can be either remotely controlled by optical illumination or can act autonomously and grab small particles on the basis of their optical properties. Since the energy is delivered optically, without the need for wires or batteries, the artificial hand can be shrunk down to the micrometer scale. Soft material is used, in particular, a custom‐made liquid‐crystal network that is patterned by a photolithographic technique. The elastic reshaping properties of this material allow finger movement, using environmental light as the only energy source. The hand can be either controlled externally (via the light field), or else the conditions in which it autonomously grabs a particle in its vicinity can be created. This microrobot has the unique feature that it can distinguish between particles of different colors and gray levels. The realization of this autonomous hand constitutes a crucial element in the development of microscopic creatures that can perform tasks without human intervention and self‐organized automation at the micrometer scale.
Photogating in Low Dimensional Photodetectors
Authors: Fang Hehai , Hu Weida 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLow dimensional materials including quantum dots, nanowires, 2D materials, and so forth have attracted increasing research interests for electronic and optoelectronic devices in recent years. Photogating, which is usually observed in photodetectors based on low dimensional materials and their hybrid structures, is demonstrated to play an important role. Photogating is considered as a way of conductance modulation through photoinduced gate voltage instead of simply and totally attributing it to trap states. This review first focuses on the gain of photogating and reveals the distinction from conventional photoconductive effect. The trap‐ and hybrid‐induced photogating including their origins, formations, and characteristics are subsequently discussed. Then, the recent progress on trap‐ and hybrid‐induced photogating in low dimensional photodetectors is elaborated. Though a high gain bandwidth product as high as 109 Hz is reported in several cases, a trade‐off between gain and bandwidth has to be made for this type of photogating. The general photogating is put forward according to another three reported studies very recently. General photogating may enable simultaneous high gain and high bandwidth, paving the way to explore novel high‐performance photodetectors.