bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personality Makes a Difference: Attachment Orientation Moderates Theory of Planned Behavior Prediction of Cardiac Medication Adherence
Authors: Peleg Shira , Vilchinsky Noa , Fisher William A. , Khaskia Abed , Mosseri Morris 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo achieve a comprehensive understanding of patients' adherence to medication following acute coronary syndrome (ACS), we assessed the possible moderating role played by attachment orientation on the effects of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC), as derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991), on intention and reported adherence.MethodA prospective longitudinal design was employed. During hospitalization, ACS male patients (N = 106) completed a set of self‐report questionnaires including sociodemographic variables, attachment orientation, and measures of TPB constructs. Six months post‐discharge, 90 participants completed a questionnaire measuring adherence to medication.ResultsAttachment orientations moderated some of the predictions of the TPB model. PBC predicted intention and reported adherence, but these associations were found to be significant only among individuals with lower, as opposed to higher, attachment anxiety. The association between attitudes and intention was stronger among individuals with higher, as opposed to lower, attachment anxiety. Only among individuals with higher attachment avoidance, subjective norms were negatively associated with intention to take medication.ConclusionsCognitive variables appear to explain both adherence intention and behavior, but differently, depending on individuals' attachment orientations. Integrating personality and cognitive models may prove effective in understanding patients' health behaviors.
Differential expression of cucumber RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase 1 genes during antiviral defence and resistance
Authors: Leibman Diana , Kravchik Michael , Wolf Dalia , Haviv Sabrina , Weissberg Mira , Ophir Ron , Paris Harry S. , Palukaitis Peter , Ding Shou‐Wei , Gaba Victor , Gal‐On Amit 
Published: November 2016

SummaryRNA‐dependent RNA polymerase 1 (RDR1) plays a crucial role in plant defence against viruses. In this study, it was observed that cucumber, Cucumis sativus, uniquely encodes a small gene family of four RDR1 genes. The cucumber RDR1 genes (CsRDR1a, CsRDR1b and duplicated CsRDR1c1/c2) shared 55%–60% homology in their encoded amino acid sequences. In healthy cucumber plants, RDR1a and RDR1b transcripts were expressed at higher levels than transcripts of RDR1c1/c2, which were barely detectable. The expression of all four CsRDR1 genes was induced by virus infection, after which the expression level of CsRDR1b increased 10–20‐fold in several virus‐resistant cucumber cultivars and in a broad virus‐resistant transgenic cucumber line expressing a high level of transgene small RNAs, all without alteration in salicylic acid (SA) levels. By comparison, CsRDR1c1/c2 genes were highly induced (25–1300‐fold) in susceptible cucumber cultivars infected with RNA or DNA viruses. Inhibition of RDR1c1/c2 expression led to increased virus accumulation. Ectopic application of SA induced the expression of cucumber RDR1a, RDR1b and RDRc1/c2 genes. A constitutive high level of RDR1b gene expression independent of SA was found to be associated with broad virus resistance. These findings show that multiple RDR1 genes are involved in virus resistance in cucumber and are regulated in a coordinated fashion with different expression profiles.
Molybdenum and phosphorus limitation of moss‐associated nitrogen fixation in boreal ecosystems
Authors: Rousk Kathrin , Degboe Jefferson , Michelsen Anders , Bradley Robert , Bellenger Jean‐Philippe 
Published: November 2016

Summary

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) performed by moss‐associated cyanobacteria is one of the main sources of new nitrogen (N) input in pristine, high‐latitude ecosystems. Yet, the nutrients that limit BNF remain elusive. Here, we tested whether this important ecosystem function is limited by the availability of molybdenum (Mo), phosphorus (P), or both.

BNF in dominant mosses was measured with the acetylene reduction assay (ARA) at different time intervals following Mo and P additions, in both laboratory microcosms with mosses from a boreal spruce forest and field plots in subarctic tundra. We further used a 15N2 tracer technique to assess the ARA to N2 fixation conversion ratios at our subarctic site.

BNF was up to four‐fold higher shortly after the addition of Mo, in both the laboratory and field experiments. A similar positive response to Mo was found in moss colonizing cyanobacterial biomass. As the growing season progressed, nitrogenase activity became progressively more P limited. The ARA : 15N2 ratios increased with increasing Mo additions.

These findings show that N2 fixation activity as well as cyanobacterial biomass in dominant feather mosses from boreal forests and subarctic tundra are limited by Mo availability.
Reduction in Dietary Acrylamide Exposure—Impact of Potatoes with Low Acrylamide Potential
Authors: Tran Nga L. , Barraj Leila M. , Collinge Susan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAcrylamide forms primarily from a reaction between reducing sugars (e.g., glucose and fructose) and an amino acid (asparagine, Asn) formed naturally in foods, including potatoes. This reaction occurs when carbohydrate‐rich foods are heated at temperatures above 120 °C. Multiple potato varieties were transformed with potato genomic DNA that results in down‐regulation of the expression of the asparagine synthetase‐1 gene (Asn1), significantly reducing synthesis of free Asn, and consequently lowering the potential to form acrylamide during cooking. These potatoes with low acrylamide potential (LAP) were tested in agronomic trials, and processed into French fries and potato chips. Decreased levels of acrylamide were measured in these cooked food products when derived from LAP potatoes compared with those derived from conventional potatoes. These reductions can be directly attributed to reduction in Asn levels in the LAP potatoes. The corresponding average reduction in exposure to acrylamide from French fry and potato chip consumption is estimated to be 65%, which would amount to approximately a 25% reduction in overall dietary exposure. Considering that children consume nearly three times more acrylamide than adults on a per kg body weight basis, they would experience the most impact from the reduced acrylamide associated with LAP potatoes. The potential public health impacts, in context of dietary acrylamide exposure reduction, are discussed in this study.
Pacemaker and ICD oversensing induced by movements near the MRI scanner bore
Authors: Mattei E. , Censi F. , Calcagnini G. , Falsaperla R. , Genovese E. , Napolitano A. , Cannatà V. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose:The effect of the movement near the MRI scanner bore for people with a pacemaker (PM) or an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is experimentally evaluated and discussed.Methods:The authors performed in vitro measurements on a saline‐filled human‐shaped phantom (male, 170 cm height), equipped first with an MR‐conditional PM (bicameral configuration, DDD programming), then with an MR‐conditional ICD (biventricular configuration, detection algorithms enable but shock delivery disable). Both the devices were able to transmit in real‐time the detected cardiac activity (electrograms) while moving the phantom around the MRI scanner. The phantom was also equipped with an accelerometer and a magnetic field probe to measure the angular velocity and the magnetic field variation during the experiment. Unipolar versus bipolar sensing mode and maximum sensitivity versus nominal settings were tested.Results:The sensing functions of the PM and ICD systems began to react to motion induced electromagnetic interference starting at an angular velocity as low as 2 rad/s (|dB/dT| = 2 T/s). The motion induced EMI in PM and ICD systems was interpreted as sensed intrinsic heartbeats which resulted in inappropriate pacing inhibition and arrhythmia classification. At the maximum speed of about 6 rad/s (|dB/dT| = 3 T/s), the induced EMI affected classification of ectopic beats and two episodes of VF were inappropriately recorded.Conclusions:These results demonstrate that motion in and around an MR scanner can induce EMI significant enough to be misinterpreted by implanted PMs and ICDs leading to inappropriate changes in therapy. These findings highlight that PM or ICDs, including MR‐conditional systems should not enter the MRI room, except in case of an examination under specified conditions.
Genome Sequencing and Analysis of the Filamentous Fungus
Penicillium sclerotiorum
113, Isolated after Hurricane Sandy
Authors: Yin Guohua , Zhang Yuliang , Pennerman Kayla K. , Hua Sui Sheng T. , Huang Qixing , Guo Anping , Liu Zhixin , Bennett Joan W. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Penicillium sclerotiorum
is a distinctive species within the genus
Penicillium
that usually produces vivid orange to red colonies, sometimes with colorful sclerotia. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of
P. sclerotiorum
strain 113, isolated in 2013 in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy from a flooded home in New Jersey.
Performance of Vitek 2 for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with Vitek 2 (2009 FDA) and CLSI M100S 26th Edition Breakpoints
Authors: Bobenchik April M. , Deak Eszter , Hindler Janet A. , Charlton Carmen L. , Humphries Romney M. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

The performances of Vitek 2 AST-GN69 and AST-XN06 cards were compared to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) reference broth microdilution (BMD) for 99 isolates of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, 26
Acinetobacter baumannii
isolates, and 11
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
isolates. In total, 15 antimicrobials were evaluated, with 11 for
P. aeruginosa
, 14 for
A. baumannii
, and 2 for
S. maltophilia
. Categorical agreement (CA) was assessed using both Vitek 2 breakpoints and 2016 CLSI M100S 26th edition breakpoints. The essential agreement values for
P. aeruginosa
,
A. baumannii
, and
S. maltophilia
were 99.5%, 99.2%, and 100%, respectively. The CA values for
P. aeruginosa
,
A. baumannii
, and
S. maltophilia
were 94.1%, 92.7%, and 95.5%, respectively, by the Vitek 2 breakpoints, and 93.4%, 92.3%, and 95.5%, respectively, by the CLSI breakpoints. Overall, the Vitek 2 performance was comparable to that of BMD using both Vitek 2 breakpoints and 2016 CLSI M100S 26th edition breakpoints. Improved performance was noted for the reformulated piperacillin-tazobactam and imipenem found on the AST-GN69 card, with no very major or major errors noted when using the CLSI breakpoints.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Anti-HIV scFv Efficiently Protects CD4 T Cells from HIV-1 Infection and Deletion in hu-PBL Mice
Authors: Ye Chaobaihui , Wang Weiming , Cheng Liang , Li Guangming , Wen Michael , Wang Qi , Zhang Qing , Li Dan , Zhou Paul , Su Lishan 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Despite success in viral inhibition and CD4 T cell recovery by highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART), HIV-1 is still not curable due to the persistence of the HIV-1 reservoir during treatment. One patient with acute myeloid leukemia who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a homozygous
CCR5
Δ32 donor has had no detectable viremia for 9 years after HAART cessation. This case has inspired a field of HIV-1 cure research focusing on engineering HIV-1 resistance in permissive cells. Here, we employed a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-scFv X5 approach to confer resistance of human primary CD4 T cells to HIV-1. We showed that primary CD4 T cells expressing GPI-scFv X5 were resistant to CCR5 (R5)-, CXCR4 (X4)-, and dual-tropic HIV-1 and had a survival advantage compared to control cells
ex vivo
. In a hu-PBL mouse study, GPI-scFv X5-transduced CD4 T cells were selected in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues upon HIV-1 infection. Finally, GPI-scFv X5-transduced CD4 T cells, after being cotransfused with HIV-infected cells, showed significantly reduced viral loads and viral RNA copy numbers relative to CD4 cells in hu-PBL mice compared to mice with GPI-scFv AB65-transduced CD4 T cells. We conclude that GPI-scFv X5-modified CD4 T cells could potentially be used as a genetic intervention against both R5- and X4-tropic HIV-1 infections.

IMPORTANCE
Blocking of HIV-1 entry is one of most promising approaches for therapy. Genetic disruption of the HIV-1 coreceptor CCR5 by nucleases in T cells is under 2 clinical trials and leads to reduced viremia in patients. However, the emergence of viruses using the CXCR4 coreceptor is a concern for therapies applying single-coreceptor disruption. Here, we report that HIV-1-permissive CD4 T cells engineered with GPI-scFv X5 are resistant to R5-, X4-, or dual-tropic virus infection
ex vivo
. In a preclinical study using hu-PBL mice, we show that CD4 T cells were protected and that GPI-scFv X5-transduced cells were selected in HIV-1-infected animals. Moreover, we show that GPI-scFv X5-transduced CD4 T cells exerted a negative effect on virus replication
in vivo
. We conclude that GPI-scFv X5-modified CD4 T cells could potentially be used as a genetic intervention against both R5- and X4-tropic HIV-1 infections.
Is Olympic inspiration associated with fitness and physical activity in English schoolchildren? A repeated cross-sectional comparison before and 18 months after London 2012
Authors: Sandercock Gavin R H , Beedie Chris , Mann Steve 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesTo compare cardiovascular fitness and physical activity of schoolchildren 18 months after London 2012 according to Olympic ‘inspiration’.DesignA cross-sectional comparison between groups of schoolchildren categorised according to self-reported Olympic inspiration and a repeated cross-sectional comparison using data collected pre-2012.SettingSchools within a 50 km radius of the Olympic Park, Stratford, London.Participants931 students (10.0–15.9-year-olds) attending 6 schools assessed in 2013 and 2014 (18 (range: 14–20) months after London 2012) and 733 students from the same schools assessed in 2008–2009 (42 (range: 38–46) months before London 2012).Primary outcome measuresSelf-reported Olympic inspiration; cardiorespiratory fitness ( mL/kg/min) assessed using the 20 m shuttle-run and self-reported physical activity.Secondary outcomes measuresDifferences inbefore and after London 2012.Results53% of children reported being inspired to try new sports or activities. Compared with those not inspired by the Games,was higher in boys (d=0.43) and girls (d=0.27), who continued to participate in activities at 18(14–20) months. This 45% of sample was also more physically active (boys, d=0.23; girls, d=0.38) than those not or only briefly inspired to participate in activities (boys, d=0.24; girls, d=0.21). Compared with pre-2012 values,was lower post-2012 in boys (d=0.37) and in girls (d=0.38).ConclusionsHigh levels of inspiration to participate in new activities reported following London 2012 and positive associations with fitness are encouraging. We cannot discount the possibility that inspired participants may have already been fitter and more active pre-2012. These associations must be interpreted in the context of the significant declines in fitness shown by our repeated cross-sectional comparison. Olympic host countries should employ longitudinal monitoring using objectively measured fitness and physical activity to provide evidence of health-related legacy.
An atomistic-electrodynamics theory for the optical response of periodic lattices of metallic nanoparticles in the quantum size regime
Authors: Yannopapas Vassilios 
Published: November 2016

We present a new theoretical method for calculating the optical properties of periodic arrays of metallic nanoparticles whose dimensions are in the quantum-size limit and cannot, therefore, be described by macroscopic electrodynamic theory based on Maxwell’s equations. In the first stage, the method calculates the scattering matrix for a single metal nanoparticle described as a polyhedral cluster of atoms, via a discrete-dipole approximation/point-matching technique. The resulting scattering matrix is incorporated into a layer-multiple-scattering technique which allows the modeling of two- and three-dimensional nanostructures containing very small metal nanoparticles. The method is demonstrated for square arrays of silver nanoparticles with radii below 2 nm and the corresponding results are compared against classical local and nonlocal electrodynamic approaches.
Os prótomos femininos de Gela: uma proposta de interpretação
Authors: Hirata Elaine Farias Veloso 
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho analisa os principais contextos de utilização dos prótomos femininos em terracota em Gela, colônia ródio-cretense fundada no séc.VII a.C. na Sicilia, e Rodes, uma das metrópoles envolvidas nesta fundação. O estudo dos achados em santuários, necrópoles e áreas de habitação demonstrou uma especialização de função deste artefato na área colonial: os registros de prótomos em contexto funerário são insignificantes se comparados com o volume destes artefatos recuperados em santuários dedicados a Deméter e Core.
A “Caverna do Ódio”: um exemplo de utilização social do sítio arqueológico
Authors: Scatamacchia Maria Cristina Mineiro , Ceravolo Suely , Demartini Célia Maria Cristina 
Published: November 2016

O trabalho mostra a aplicação de algumas propostas para a utilização social do sítio arqueológico “Caverna do Ódio” e se insere no programa de preservação que visa ao aproveitamento didático e turístico do patrimônio arqueológico da região.
Ler Aristófanes?
Authors: Malhadas Daisi , Dezotti Maria Celeste Consolin 
Published: November 2016

O objetivo deste estudo é discutir, à luz da Poética de Aristóteles e de estudos de semiologia teatral, a possibilidade de leitura da comédia antiga do mesmo modo como se lê a tragédia. A questão colocada é: será que a comédia de Aristófanes pode, como a tragédia, atingir seu fim apenas com a leitura? Tudo indica que o poder da comédia depende da performance.
REDDITOR LVCIS AETERNAE: Constâncio Cloro e a Reconquista da Britânia
Authors: Da Silva Diogo Pereira , Pedreira Érika Vital 
Published: November 2016

A partir da discussão sobre as características da dominação romana na Britânia, buscamos examinar a construção da retórica imperial em torno da reconquista desta província pelo imperador Constâncio Cloro, no ano 296. Em especial, analisaremos as demonstrações do fausto imperial através das moedas e dos panegíricos que representaram Constâncio Cloro como o redditor lucis aeternae.
Processos construtivos de um sambaqui fluvial
Authors: Plens Cláudia Regina 
Published: November 2016

Pesquisas recentes apontam para o fenômeno construtivo de sambaquis fluviais na região do médio Vale do Ribeira de Iguape, São Paulo, mais precisamente em três regiões, Itaoca, bacia do rio Jacupiranguinha e bacia do Juquiá, durante, pelo menos, o período de 9.000 anos. O presente artigo tem por objetivo definir o perfil de um sambaqui fluvial, sítio Moraes (6.000- 4.000 anos A.P.), no município de Miracatu, SP, com a finalidade de criar a compreensão intrassítio dos processos formativos envolvidos para a elevação desta estrutura monticular. O sítio Moraes, embora apresente diversos vestígios, apresenta apenas um tipo de estrutura arqueológica: sepultamentos na forma de montículos funerários.
Collective scenes of human violence in rock paintings of the Serra da Capivara archaeological area – PI, Brazil
Authors: Silva Luciano de Souza , Cisneiros Daniela 
Published: November 2016

The present study is aimed at characterizing, establishing relationships and verifyng the patterns of presentation in violent scenes of human cave paintings at the archaeological area of the Serra da Capivara - PI. The survey was developed from the literature review, field survey, and analyzes imagery from scenes of violence. Seeking to adopt measures of comparison we have selected scenes with recurrences in the forms of presentation, treating each as micro analytical unit, following technical parameters, scenic and thematic analysis. The correlation analysis of data describing the scenes along with the location and archaeological context of each site allowed characterizing the particularity and the inference patterns of presentation of scenes of human violence at the Archaeological Area of Serra da Capivara – PI.
Arqueologia da Luz: agência da cultura material e a cerâmica de iluminação na Palestina romana
Authors: Bastos Marcio Teixeira 
Published: November 2016

As escavações em Apollonia-Arsuf, Israel, resgataram centenas de lamparinas romanas do tipo discus, artefatos que estiveram em circulação na região entre os séculos II e III CE. A típica figuração relacionada às divindades da religião romana e as cenas eróticas contidas nessas peças foram intencionalmente quebradas pelos membros dos grupos monoteístas da região. Esse ato foi familiar em outros sítios da Palestina romana. O artigo apresenta as interpretações obtidas até o momento para esse fenômeno, bem como analisa de que forma a materialidade está intimamente impregnada de relações sociais, incorporando comportamentos e atitudes do passado. Os artefatos possuem a capacidade da múltipla vocalidade e o fato de os comportamentos simbólicos serem efêmeros torna seus traços materiais ainda mais importantes em certos casos.
Representações de Atena em ânforas de figuras negras do século VI a.C.: um exercício de análise iconográfica
Authors: Correia Larissa de Souza , Souza Camila Diogo de 
Published: November 2016

O presente texto apresenta os principais resultados e reflexões obtidos a partir de um exercício de descrição iconográfica e análise iconológica proposto para um pequeno conjunto de ânforas áticas de figuras negras datadas do século VI a.C. Este recorte documental tem como temática central as representações da deusa Atena em uma ou em ambas as faces do vaso, visando compreendê-las por meio da relação com os demais temas iconográficos e com as demais personagens integrantes das cenas presentes nas ânforas. Os objetivos e a metodologia da pesquisa incluem a catalogação, descrição iconográfica e análise iconológica da cultura material selecionada, a cerâmica, comparando-a com alguns recortes da documentação literária. Pretende-se, assim, refletir e discutir os possíveis papéis e atributos da deusa enquanto figura feminina e masculina. Os resultados alcançados a partir dessa análise indicam aspectos de complementaridade nos atributos da divindade que lhe caracterizam qualitativos próprios dos universos masculino e feminino da sociedade ateniense do Período Arcaico, permitindo-lhe transitar entre ambos os espaços.