bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sonderlösungen bei der brandschutztechnischen Bewertung von Konstruktionsdetails
Authors: Upmeyer Jens , Nause Peter 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn bestehenden Gebäuden, aber auch bei Neubauten, können Bauteile oder Konstruktionsdetails hinsichtlich ihrer Feuerwiderstandsfähigkeit sehr oft nicht nach den eingeführten technischen Baubestimmungen bewertet werden. Für die Bewertung derartiger Bauteile oder Konstruktionsdetails existieren keine Regelwerke, da genau diese Ausführungsdetails nicht durch zertifizierte Prüfstellen geprüft bzw. in allgemeinen bauaufsichtlichen Verwendbarkeitsnachweisen geregelt worden sind. Allerdings können die Bauteile und Konstruktionsdetails sehr oft z. B. durch die Auswertung von Brandversuchen, in Anlehnung an DIN 4102‐4, anhand von ähnlichen Verwendbarkeitsnachweisen oder durch pragmatische Überlegungen in Feuerwiderstandsklassen eingestuft werden. Zur Absicherung der Bewertungsergebnisse werden seit der bauaufsichtlichen Einführung der Brandschutz‐Eurocodes immer öfter Ingenieurmethoden des Brandschutzes auf der Grundlage dieser Eurocodes in Form von Heißbemessungen durchgeführt. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags werden Methoden und Möglichkeiten der brandschutztechnischen Bewertung der Bauteile und Konstruktionsdetails vorgestellt. Die Vorgehensweise beim Nachweis einschließlich der Dimensionierung von gegebenenfalls erforderlichen Ertüchtigungsmaßnahmen wird durch Anwendungsbeispiele aus der Praxis erläutert. Dabei werden die verschiedenen Werkstoffe Stahl, Beton und Holz auch in Verbindung mit verschiedenen Brandschutzprodukten behandelt. Der Beitrag soll die Möglichkeiten der Bewertung von Bauteilen und Konstruktionsdetails mit Brandschutzanforderungen einschließlich ihrer Ertüchtigungsmaßnahmen insbesondere auch im Bestand verdeutlichen.
Analyzing the Adaption of Different Adsorption Models for Describing the Shale Gas Adsorption Law
Authors: Wang Zhouhua , Li Yun , Guo Ping , Meng Weijie 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe adsorption capacity of a shale gas reservoir is mainly determined by the isothermal adsorption experiment. In this study, the building conditions and performances of seven single‐component and five multi‐component adsorption models were compared and analyzed. The results show that most shale gas reservoir adsorption characteristics obey those of type I on the macroscopic scale. The adsorption isotherms of single components can be described by the Langmuir‐Freundlich, Langmuir, and Toth models. The revised Langmuir, extended Langmuir, and the loading ratio correlation (LRC) models can be applied to binary‐component mixtures; and the extended Langmuir and LRC models perform best for shale gas. The obtained results might have an important promoting effect for modeling the shortage of shale gas.
Periodic Operation with Modulation of Inlet Concentration and Flow Rate. Part I: Nonisothermal Continuous Stirred‐Tank Reactor
Authors: Nikolić Daliborka , Seidel‐Morgenstern Andreas , Petkovska Menka 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method, which is an analytical, fast, and easy method for evaluating the performance of forced periodically operated chemical reactors, was used to investigate possible improvements to a nonisothermal continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) when inlet concentration and/or flow rate is periodically modulated. The product yield corresponding to periodic operation is defined, expressions for its estimation, based on the NFR method, are derived, and it is used to evaluate the performance improvements due to periodic operation. Part I considers the general nonisothermal case. In Part II, these results are applied to an adiabatic CSTR and used to evaluate possible improvements for the case of the hydrolysis reaction of acetic anhydride.
Gender differences in the effect of grief reactions and burnout on emotional distress among clinical oncologists
Authors: Granek Leeat , Krzyzanowska Monika K. , Nakash Ora , Cohen Michal , Ariad Samuel , Barbera Lisa , Levy Rotem , Ben‐David Merav 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDThe current study was conducted to examine gender differences in the effect of grief reactions and burnout on emotional distress among clinical oncologists.METHODSThe participants included a convenience sample of 178 oncologists from Israel (52 of whom were women) and Canada (48 of whom were women). Oncologists completed a questionnaire package that included a sociodemographic survey, the General Health Questionnaire, a burnout measure, and the Adult Oncologists Grief Questionnaire. To examine the effect of grief reactions and burnout on emotional distress while controlling for country and past depression within each gender, 2 hierarchical linear regression analyses were computed.RESULTSFemale oncologists reported significantly more grief responses to patient death (mean, 47.72 [standard deviation (SD), 8.71] and mean, 44.53 [SD, 9.19], respectively), more emotional distress (mean, 12.41 [SD, 4.36] and mean, 10.64 [SD, 3.99], respectively), and more burnout (mean, 2.59 [SD, 1.69] and mean, 1.84 [SD, 1.5], respectively). For both genders, higher levels of grief reactions were associated with greater emotional distress among those who reported high levels of burnout (P<.001). However, for men, the association between grief reactions and emotional distress also was documented at moderate levels of burnout (P<.001).CONCLUSIONSPatient death is a regular part of clinical oncology. It is essential that oncologists be able to cope effectively with this aspect of their work. The findings of the current study highlight the need to take into account the cumulative stressors that oncologists contend with when designing supportive interventions. Gender differences in burnout, reactions to patient death, and emotional distress need to be addressed to ensure the best quality of life for oncologists and the best quality of care for their patients. Cancer 2016;122:3705‐14. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Comparing parallel hardware architectures for visually guided robot navigation
Authors: Schenck Wolfram , Horst Michael , Tiedemann Tim , Gaulik Sergius , Möller Ralf 
Published: August 2016

SummaryLocal visual homing methods are a family of algorithms for visually guided navigation on mobile robots. Within this family, the so‐called min‐warping algorithm yields very precise results but is rather compute‐intensive. For this reason, we developed several implementations of this algorithm for different parallel hardware architectures (multi‐core CPUs with SIMD extensions, graphics processing units (GPUs), field‐programmable gate array) to arrive at a fast and energy‐efficient solution which is suited for real‐time performance on mobile platforms with limited battery capacity. Because the min‐warping algorithm is also well suited as a general benchmark, we carried out a comprehensive comparison study which includes both speed and real‐power measurements and covers both low‐power processors and high‐end devices. Our findings suggest that field‐programmable gate arrays offer the most energy‐efficient platform for min‐warping in the area of low‐power processors, while GPUs take the lead in the area of high‐end devices. However, as soon as the full capabilities of modern CPUs (like vector execution units and multiple hardware threads) are used, the speedup advantage of GPUs goes down to the single digit range. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determining flow patterns and emplacement dynamics from tsunami deposits with no visible sedimentary structure
Authors: Kain Claire , Wassmer Patrick , Goff James , Chagué‐Goff Catherine , Gomez Christopher , Hart Deidre , Fierro Daniela , Jacobsen Geraldine , Zawadzki Atun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the absence of eyewitness reports or clear sedimentary structures, it can be difficult to interpret tsunami deposits or reconstruct tsunami inundation patterns. The emplacement dynamics of two historical tsunami deposits were investigated at seven transects in Okains Bay, New Zealand, using a combined geospatial, geomagnetic and sedimentological approach. The tsunami deposits are present as layers of sand and silt intercalated between soils and become finer and thinner with distance inland. The deposits are attributed to the 1960 and possibly the 1868 tsunamis, based on radiometric dating and correlation with historical records. Measurements of Magnetic Fabric (MF: Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility) and particle size were used to reconstruct the evolution of flow dynamics laterally and vertically. A combination of statistical methods, including spatial autocorrelation testing, Spearman's rank order correlation, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K‐means cluster analysis, was applied to examine relationships between MF parameters and sediment texture, and infer depositional hydrodynamics. Flow patterns deduced from MF show the estuary channel acted as a conduit for inundation, with flow commonly aligned sub‐perpendicular to the estuary bed. MF and sediment data suggest deposition occurred from settling during laminar flow. Evidence of both uprush and backwash deposition, as well as wave reflection from infrastructure, was found. Statistical analysis of data showed significant relationships between grain size parameters and MF parameters associated with flow speed and magnetic fabric type. PCA and cluster analysis differentiated samples into two primary hydrodynamic groups: (1) samples deposited from laminar flow; and (2) samples deposited close to the limit of inundation, which includes samples deposited further inland, those affected by flow convergence, and those in the upper part of tsunami deposits. This approach has potential as a tool for reconstructing hydrodynamic conditions for palaeotsunamis and by combining spatial and statistical analyses, large‐scale investigations can be more easily performed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Survival outcomes in elderly patients with untreated upper aerodigestive tract cancer
Authors: Hughley Brian B. , Sperry Steven M. , Thomsen Timothy A. , Charlton Mary E. , Pagedar Nitin A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundThis study is an evaluation of survival in patients with upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer who did not receive guideline‐directed therapy.MethodsThe National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was examined to identify patients with invasive cancer of the UADT. Patients were classified as “untreated” if they received neither surgery nor radiotherapy. Kaplan–Meier observed survival estimates were computed and stage‐specific actuarial estimates of relative survival were computed.ResultsOf 3589 untreated patients, 13.7% were black, compared to 9.5% white, and 9.2% all other races (p <.0001). Patients with stage IV disease were more likely to be untreated than those with stage I disease (11.9% vs 3.8%; p <.0001). Median survival was 39 months for treated patients and 4 months for untreated patients.ConclusionThe median survival for untreated patients was 4 months. Stage, race, and primary site were independently associated with untreated status. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 215–218, 2017
The Effects of Negatively Valenced Emotional Expressions in Online Reviews on the Reviewer, the Review, and the Product
Authors: Folse Judith Anne Garretson , Porter III McDowell , Godbole Mousumi Bose , Reynolds Kristy E. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe authors examine the effects of negatively valenced emotional expressions (NVEE; e.g., intense language, all caps, exclamation points, emoticons) in online reviews and reveal important boundary conditions for their effects. Specifically, Study 1 showed that NVEE directly promote review helpfulness and damage attitude toward the product when used by experts. In contrast, for novices, their use of NVEE was considered a poor reflection on them and failed to directly affect attitude toward the product. Further, attributions of reviewer rationality and trustworthiness were positively associated with review helpfulness and attitude toward the product. Interestingly, language complexity is a trigger to reverse the effects, as found in Study 2. For novices (experts), the adverse effect on trustworthiness is eliminated (introduced) but the adverse effect on attitude toward the product is introduced (eliminated) when they include more complex language accompanied by NVEE in their online reviews. Both studies uncover when source discounting is active for experts and novices, making them equally influential in some cases. Theoretical and managerial implications are provided.
Materialism, Status Consumption, and Market Involved Consumers
Authors: Flynn Leisa Reinecke , Goldsmith Ronald E. , Pollitte Wesley 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTMaterialism has by all accounts an important impact on many aspects of consumer behavior. The psychological mechanisms through which materialism influences behavior, however, are not well studied. This paper describes a study of the influence of materialism on shopping intensity and amount of spending that takes into account the mediating influences of three important consumer characteristics: status consumption, brand engagement in self‐concept, and market mavenism. The researchers fit a model of these relationships based on the Meta‐theoretic Model of Motivation (3M) model to data from a sample of 351 adult U.S. consumers. The model fit the data well, and the results showed that indeed, status consumption, brand engagement, and market mavenism mediate at least partially the influence of materialism on shopping and spending.
Cost‐effectiveness of neurostimulation in Parkinson's disease with early motor complications
Authors: Dams Judith , Balzer‐Geldsetzer Monika , Siebert Uwe , Deuschl Günther , Schuepbach W.M. Michael , Krack Paul , Timmermann Lars , Schnitzler Alfons , Reese Jens‐Peter , Dodel Richard ,   for the EARLYSTIM‐investigators
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundRecent research efforts have focused on the effects of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN DBS) for selected patients with mild‐to‐moderate PD experiencing motor complications.ObjectivesWe assessed the cost utility of subthalamic DBS compared with the best medical treatment for German patients below the age of 61 with early motor complications of PD.MethodsWe applied a previously published Markov model that integrated health utilities based on EuroQoL and direct costs over patients’ lifetime adjusted to the German health care payer perspective (year of costing: 2013). Effectiveness was evaluated using the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire 39 summary index. We performed sensitivity analyses to assess uncertainty.ResultsIn the base‐case analysis, the incremental cost‐utility ratio for STN DBS compared to best medical treatment was 22,700 Euros per quality‐adjusted life year gained. The time to, and costs for, battery exchange had a major effect on the incremental cost‐utility ratios, but never exceeded a threshold of 50,000 Euros per quality‐adjusted life year.ConclusionsOur decision analysis supports the fact that STN DBS at earlier stages of the disease is cost‐effective in patients below the age of 61 when compared with the best medical treatment in the German health care system. This finding was supported by detailed sensitivity analyses reporting robust results. Whereas the EARLYSTIM study has shown STN DBS to be superior to medical therapy with respect to quality of life for patients with early motor complications, this further analysis has shown its cost‐effectiveness. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stimulate Cartilage Regeneration and Are Safe for Single-Stage Cartilage Repair in Humans upon Mixture with Recycled Autologous Chondrons
Authors: de Windt Tommy S. , Vonk Lucienne A. , Slaper-Cortenbach Ineke C. M. , van den Broek Marcel P. H. , Nizak Razmara , van Rijen Mattie H. P. , de Weger Roel A. , Dhert Wouter J. A. , Saris Daniel B. F. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Traditionally, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from adult bone marrow were described as being capable of differentiating to various lineages including cartilage. Despite increasing interest in these MSCs, concerns regarding their safety, in vivo behavior and clinical effectiveness have restrained their clinical application. We hypothesized that MSCs have trophic effects that stimulate recycled chondrons (chondrocytes with their native pericellular matrix) to regenerate cartilage. Searching for a proof of principle, this phase I (first-in-man) clinical trial applied allogeneic MSCs mixed with either 10% or 20% recycled autologous cartilage-derived cells (chondrons) for treatment of cartilage defects in the knee in symptomatic cartilage defect patients. This unique first in man series demonstrated no treatment-related adverse events up to one year postoperatively. At 12 months, all patients showed statistically significant improvement in clinical outcome compared to baseline. Magnetic resonance imaging and second-look arthroscopies showed completely filled defects with regenerative cartilage tissue. Histological analysis on biopsies of the grafts indicated hyaline-like regeneration with a high concentration of proteoglycans and type II collagen. Short tandem repeat analysis showed the regenerative tissue only contained patient-own DNA. These findings support the novel insight that the use of allogeneic MSCs is safe and opens opportunities for other applications. Stem cell-induced paracrine mechanisms may play an important role in the chondrogenesis and successful tissue regeneration found.
Comparison of different rheological parameters for rutting susceptibility of SBS + WMA modified binders
Authors: Singh Dharamveer , Kataware Aniket V. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
It is important to understand rutting susceptibility of asphalt binders at laboratory scale to ensure a long lasting pavement. Researchers have reported applicability of four rheological parameters: (1) Superpave parameter—G*/sinδ (2) Shenoy’s parameter—G*/(1−(1/tanδsinδ)), (3) non-recoverable creep compliance—J
nr, measured from multiple stress creep recovery test and (4) zero shear viscosity (ZSV) to evaluate rutting resistance of binders. However, comparison of these rutting parameters for warm mix additives (WMA) modified asphalt binders have not been reported in open literature. Thus, this study was undertaken to evaluate rutting performance of a SBS co-polymer modified binder (PMB40) containing three WMA additives using four rheological parameters listed above. Three different WMA additives: wax based (Sasobit®), water based (Advera®) and surfactant based (Rediset®) were selected in this study. Based on three parameters (Superpave, Shenoy and J
nr), it was found that addition of Sasobit® and Advera® help to improve rut resistance of PMB40 binder while Rediset® decreases rut resistance of the binder. The ZSV showed rut resistance improvement for all the additives, which is contrary to the results obtained from other three parameters. Both the Superpave and Shenoy parameters showed a similar trend in rutting resistance of the binder. The optimum dosage of Advera® and Sasobit® was determined based on the Superpave, Shenoy and J
nr parameters. Since, the addition of Rediset® resulted in decrease in rutting behavior, optimum dosage of Rediset® could not be ascertained. A good correlation was found between the Superpave rutting parameter (G*/sinδ) and other three parameters (G*/(1 − (1/tanδsinδ)), ZSV, and J
nr). The outcome of this study showed that, J
nr may be considered as a reliable rut parameter due to realistic test conditions associated with it. The Superpave parameter is more conservative compared to Shenoy parameter, and thus it may still be considered as an important rutting parameter in the absence of J
nr. The ZSV needs further validation to comment on its applicability.
Developmental changes in the hypothalamic mRNA expression levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and serum leptin levels: Their responses to fasting in male and female rats
Authors: Iwasa Takeshi , Matsuzaki Toshiya , Yano Kiyohito , Munkhzaya Munkhsaikhan , Tungalagsuvd Altankhuu , Yiliyasi Maira , Kuwahara Akira , Irahara Minoru 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe actions and responses of hypothalamic appetite regulatory factors change markedly during the neonatal to pre‐pubertal period in order to maintain appropriate metabolic and nutritional conditions. In this study, we examined the developmental changes in the hypothalamic mRNA levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is a potent anorectic factor and the changes in the sensitivity of the hypothalamic expression of this factor to fasting during the neonatal to pre‐pubertal period. Under fed conditions, hypothalamic BDNF mRNA expression decreased during development in both male and female rats. Similarly, the serum levels of leptin, which is a positive regulator of hypothalamic BDNF expression, also tended to fall during the developmental period. The serum leptin level and the hypothalamic BDNF mRNA level were found to be positively correlated in both sexes under the fed conditions. Hypothalamic BDNF mRNA expression was decreased by 24 h fasting (separating the rats from their mothers) in the early neonatal period (postnatal day 10) in both males and females, but no such changes were seen at postnatal day 20. Twenty‐four hours’ fasting (food deprivation) did not affect hypothalamic BDNF mRNA expression in the pre‐pubertal period (postnatal day 30). On the other hand, the rats’ serum leptin levels were decreased by 24 h fasting (separating the rats from their mothers at postnatal day 10 and 20, and food deprivation at postnatal day 30) throughout the early neonatal to pre‐pubertal period. The correlation between serum leptin and hypothalamic BDNF mRNA levels was not significant under the fasted conditions. It can be speculated that leptin partially regulates hypothalamic BDNF mRNA levels, but only in fed conditions. Such changes in hypothalamic BDNF expression might play a role in maintaining appropriate metabolic and nutritional conditions and promoting normal physical development. In addition, because maternal separation induces a negative energy balance and short‐ and long‐term stress responses, it is also possible that reductions in hypothalamic BDNF mRNA levels in the early neonatal period (postnatal day 10) may be partially induced by stress responses of the maternal deprivation.