Deteksi gen bla-NDM-1 pada isolat klinis Pseudomonas aeruginosa resisten carbapenem di RSUP Prof. Dr. I G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar
Authors: Putra Rhyvallvien Yullyo Tanvanka Calastalyat , Tarini Ni Made Adi , Pinatih Komang Januartha Putra , Darwinata Agus Eka 
Published: September 2024

Background: Antibiotic resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become a concern in recent years, both in Indonesia and around the world. One of which is resistance to carbapenems, known as carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). The prevalence of this bacterial infection is reported to reach 22% in the general population. Several studies have shown that this condition is associated with the bla-NDM-1 gene but has not been clearly explained, especially in the Balinese population. Therefore, the detection of the bla-NDM-1 gene in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa at Prof. Dr. I G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital needs to be done.
Method: A qualitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach was carried out to detect the bla-NDM 1 gene using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and electrophoresis at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Udayana University.
Results: The results showed that the majority (83.3%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates had positive expression of the bla-NDM-1 gene. In urine samples, there were 9 (37.5%) positive samples compared to 1 (4.2%) negative sample, in blood samples there were 3 (12.5%) positive samples and 0 (0.0%) negative samples, in sputum samples found 4 (16.67%) positive samples and 1 (4.2%) negative sample, in body fluid samples there were 2 (8.33%) positive samples and 2 (8.33%) negative samples, as well as in tissue samples, 2 (8.33%) samples were positive and 0 (0.0%) samples were negative for bla-NDM-1.
Conclusion: The presence of the bla-NDM-1 gene in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that are resistant to carbapenems at Prof. Dr. I G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital is 83.33%.

Latar Belakang : Resistensi dari bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa telah menjadi perhatian dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, baik dalam studi luar negeri maupun pada studi di dalam negeri, salah satunya adalah resistensi terhadap antibiotik jenis karbapenem yang dikenal sebagai carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). Prevalensi dari infeksi bakteri ini dilaporkan hingga mencapai 22% pada populasi umum. Kondisi ini dikaitkan dengan gen bla-NDM-1 namun belum banyak diteliti. Sehingga deteksi gen bla-NDM-1 pada isolat klinis P. aeruginosa di RSUP Prof. Dr. I G.N.G. Ngoerah perlu untuk dilakukan.
Metode : Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dilakukan untuk mendeteksi gen bla-NDM 1 menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dan elektroforesis di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar (83,3%) isolat Pseudomonas aeruginosa memiliki ekspresi positif dari gen bla-NDM-1. Pada sampel urin, didapatkan 9 (37,5%) sampel positif berbanding 1 (4,2%) sampel negatif, pada sampel darah didapatkan 3 (12,5%) sampel positif dan 0 (0,0%) sampel negatif, pada sampel sputum didapatkan 4 (16,67%) sampel positif dan 1 (4,2%) sampel negatif, pada sampel cairan tubuh didapatkan 2 (8,33%) sampel positif dan 2 (8,33%) sampel negatif, serta pada sampel jaringan didapatkan 2 (8,33%) sampel positif dan 0 (0,0%) sampel negatif bla-NDM-1.
Kesimpulan : Keberadaan gen bla-NDM-1 pada isolat klinis Pseudomonas aeruginosa yang resisten terhadap carbapenem di RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah adalah sebesar 83,33%.