bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular Repair for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms has Improved Outcomes Compared to Open Surgical Repair
Authors: Portelli Tremont Jaclyn N. , Cha Andrew , Dombrovskiy Viktor Y. , Rahimi Saum A. 
Published: March 2016

Introduction: Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) remains a critical diagnosis, and research is needed to address outcomes following surgical repair. The purpose of this study was to compare nationwide outcomes for patients who received either endovascular repair (EVAR) or open surgical repair (OSAR) for rAAA. Methods: The Medicare Provider Analysis and Review file from 2005 to 2009 was used to identify patients diagnosed with rAAA and treated with either EVAR or OSAR. Those patients with both procedures were excluded. Primary outcomes included mortality, postoperative complications, and readmission rates. Secondary outcomes included hospital resource utilization and length of stay (LOS). Results: A total of 8480 patients with rAAA who underwent EVAR (n = 1939) or OSAR (n = 6541) were identified. On multivariate regression, the likelihood of dying in the hospital after OSAR compared to EVAR was significantly greater (odds ratio [OR] = 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.74-2.18). There was significantly greater frequency of postoperative complications after OSAR compared to EVAR (OR = 2.1, 95%CI = 1.86-2.37, P < .0001). Freedom from readmission after OSAR was significantly greater than that after EVAR. Total hospital cost for all services after EVAR was greater than that after OSAR (US$100 875 vs US$89 035; P < .0001), but intensive care unit (ICU) cost for EVAR was significantly less than that for OSAR (US$5516 vs US$8600; P < .0001). Total hospital and ICU LOS were shorter in EVAR compared to OSAR ( P < .0001 for both). Discussion: EVAR for rAAA has shown mortality benefits over OSAR as well as reduced ICU and total LOS. This data suggest EVAR is associated with a greater survival benefit, fewer postoperative complications, and may help improve hospital resource utilization.
Interfacial polarization of disseminated conductive minerals in absence of redox-active species — Part 2: Effective electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity
Authors: Misra S. , Torres-Verdín C. , Revil A. , Rasmus J. , Homan D. 
Published: March 2016

Hydrocarbon-bearing conventional formations, mudrock formations, and source-rock formations generally contain clays, pyrite, magnetite, graphitelike carbon, and/or other electrically conductive mineral inclusions. Under redox-inactive conditions, these inclusions give rise to perfectly polarized interfacial polarization (PPIP) when subjected to an external electric field. Effective electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity of geomaterials containing such inclusions are frequency-dependent properties due to the electric-field-induced interfacial polarization and associated charge relaxation around host-inclusion interfaces. Existing resistivity interpretation techniques do not account for PPIP phenomena, and hence they can lead to inaccurate estimation of water saturation, total organic content, and conductivity of formation water based on subsurface galvanic resistivity, electromagnetic (EM) induction, and EM propagation measurements in the presence of conductive mineral inclusions. In the first paper of our two-part publication series, we derived a mechanistic electrochemical model, the PPIP model, and we validated a coupled model that integrates the PPIP model with a surface-conductance-assisted interfacial polarization (SCAIP) model to quantify the frequency-dependent electrical complex conductivity of geomaterials. We have used the PPIP-SCAIP model to evaluate the dependence of effective complex-valued conductivity of geologic mixtures on (1) frequency, (2) conductivity of the host medium, and (3) material, size, and the shape of inclusions. Notably, we have used the PPIP-SCAIP model to identify rock conditions that give rise to significant differences in effective conductivity and effective relative permittivity of conductive-inclusion-bearing mixtures from those of conductive-inclusion-free homogeneous media. For a mixture containing as low as a 5% volume fraction of disseminated conductive inclusions, the low-frequency effective conductivity of the mixture is in the range of [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] with respect to the host conductivity for frequencies between 100 Hz and 100 kHz. Further, the high-frequency effective relative permittivity of that mixture is in the range of [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] with respect to the host relative permittivity for frequencies between 100 kHz and 10 MHz.
Projected Gabor deconvolution
Authors: Gholami Ali 
Published: March 2016

Gabor deconvolution consists of approximating a nonstationary problem as several stationary subproblems via the Gabor frame, solving each subproblem independently, and then recombining/projecting the subsolutions into an approximate solution to the original nonstationary problem. The approximations, however, cause inherent instability due to systematic errors that prevent the algorithm from converging to the true solution even for noise-free cases. Furthermore, the method will be time consuming when a nonlinear optimization is used for shaping the reflectivity structure. An alternative projected Gabor deconvolution is considered, which is based on the Gabor expansion. However, in contrast to the conventional form, in the new method, first the problem is projected into the time domain, and then an inversion is performed to obtain the final reflectivity. Compared with the Gabor deconvolution, the projected alternative (1) exhibits an improved convergence property, (2) is more efficient for sparse deconvolution because only a single optimization is required to be solved, and (3) is more flexible for incorporating prior information about noise and reflectivity structure via a least-squares method. Numerical tests using simulated and field data are presented showing that the new method generates more accurate and stable reflectivity models compared with the Gabor deconvolution.
Bevacizumab Plus Irinotecan Versus Temozolomide in Newly Diagnosed O6-Methylguanine–DNA Methyltransferase Nonmethylated Glioblastoma: The Randomized GLARIUS Trial
Authors: Herrlinger Ulrich , Schäfer Niklas , Steinbach Joachim P. , Weyerbrock Astrid , Hau Peter , Goldbrunner Roland , Friedrich Franziska , Rohde Veit , Ringel Florian , Schlegel Uwe , Sabel Michael , Ronellenfitsch Michael W. , Uhl Martin , Maciaczyk Jaroslaw , Grau Stefan , Schnell Oliver , Hänel Mathias , Krex Dietmar , Vajkoczy Peter , Gerlach Rüdiger , Kortmann Rolf-Dieter , Mehdorn Maximilian , Tüttenberg Jochen , Mayer-Steinacker Regine , Fietkau Rainer , Brehmer Stefanie , Mack Frederic , Stuplich Moritz , Kebir Sied , Kohnen Ralf , Dunkl Elmar , Leutgeb Barbara , Proescholdt Martin , Pietsch Torsten , Urbach Horst , Belka Claus , Stummer Walter , Glas Martin 
Published: March 2016

Purpose In patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma that harbors a nonmethylated O6-methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase promotor, standard temozolomide (TMZ) has, at best, limited efficacy. The GLARIUS trial thus explored bevacizumab plus irinotecan (BEV+IRI) as an alternative to TMZ. Patients and Methods In this phase II, unblinded trial 182 patients in 22 centers were randomly assigned 2:1 to BEV (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) during radiotherapy (RT) followed by maintenance BEV (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) plus IRI(125 mg/m2 every 2 weeks) or to daily TMZ (75 mg/m2) during RT followed by six courses of TMZ (150-200 mg/m2/d for 5 days every 4 weeks). The primary end point was the progression-free survival rate after 6 months (PFS-6). Results In the modified intention-to-treat (ITT) population, PFS-6 was increased from 42.6% with TMZ (95% CI, 29.4% to 55.8%) to 79.3% with BEV+IRI (95% CI, 71.9% to 86.7%; P <.001). PFS was prolonged from a median of 5.99 months (95% CI, 2.7 to 7.3 months) to 9.7 months (95% CI, 8.7 to 10.8 months; P < .001). At progression, crossover BEV therapy was given to 81.8% of all patients who received any sort of second-line therapy in the TMZ arm. Overall survival (OS) was not different in the two arms: the median OS was 16.6 months (95% CI, 15.4 to 18.4 months) with BEV+IRI and was 17.5 months (95% CI, 15.1 to 20.5 months) with TMZ. The time course of quality of life (QOL) in six selected domains of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (QLQ) –C30 and QLQ-BN20 (which included cognitive functioning), of the Karnofsky performance score, and of the Mini Mental State Examination score was not different between the treatment arms. Conclusion BEV+IRI resulted in a superior PFS-6 rate and median PFS compared with TMZ. However, BEV+IRI did not improve OS, potentially because of the high crossover rate. BEV+IRI did not alter QOL compared with TMZ.
Contemporary Locoregional Recurrence Rates in Young Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Aalders Kim C. , Postma Emily L. , Strobbe Luc J. , van der Heiden-van der Loo Margriet , Sonke Gabe S. , Boersma Liesbeth J. , van Diest Paul J. , Siesling Sabine , van Dalen Thijs 
Published: March 2016

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate contemporary rates of local recurrence (LR) and regional recurrence (RR) in young patients with breast cancer in relation to tumor biology as expressed by biomarker subtypes. Patients and Methods Women < 35 years of age who underwent surgery for primary unilateral invasive breast cancer between 2003 and 2008 were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Patients were categorized according to biomarker subtypes on the basis of hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. The 5-year risks of developing LR and regional lymph node recurrence were estimated by using Kaplan-Meier statistics. Results A total of 1,000 patients were identified, of whom 59% had a known subtype: 39% HR-positive/HER2-negative; 17% HR-positive/HER2-positive; 10% HR-negative/HER2-positive; and 34% HR-negative/HER2-negative (triple negative). Overall 5-year LR and RR rates were 3.5% and 3.7%, respectively. A decreasing trend for both rates was observed over time and was accompanied by a significant decrease in the risk of distant metastases (DM). LR occurred in 4.2%, RR in 6.1%, and DM in 17.8% of patients in 2003, and in 3.2%, 4.4%, and 10.0%, respectively, in 2008. LR and RR rates varied with biomarker subtype. These differences were borderline significant when analyzed for the entire study period (P = .056 and P = .014, respectively) and leveled off after the introduction of trastuzumab after 2005 (P = .24 and P = .42, respectively). Patients with lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis had an increased risk of RR. The type of surgery performed—breast-conserving or mastectomy—did not influence rates of LR and RR. Conclusion Overall, the rates of LR and RR in young patients with early-stage breast cancer were relatively low and varied by biomarker subtype.
Phase II Trial of Temsirolimus for Relapsed/Refractory Primary CNS Lymphoma
Authors: Korfel Agnieszka , Schlegel Uwe , Herrlinger Ulrich , Dreyling Martin , Schmidt Christian , von Baumgarten Luisa , Pezzutto Antonio , Grobosch Thomas , Kebir Sied , Thiel Eckhard , Martus Peter , Kiewe Philipp 
Published: March 2016

Purpose In this phase II study (NCT00942747), temsirolimus was tested in patients with relapsed or refractory primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). Patients and Methods Immunocompetent adults with histologically confirmed PCNSL after experiencing high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy failure who were not eligible for or had experienced high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplant failure were included. The first cohort (n = 6) received 25 mg temsirolimus intravenously once per week. All consecutive patients received 75 mg intravenously once per week. Results Thirty-seven eligible patients (median age, 70 years) were included whose median time since their last treatment was 3.9 months (range, 0.1 to 14.6 months). Complete response was seen in five patients (13.5%), complete response unconfirmed in three (8%), and partial response in 12 (32.4%) for an overall response rate of 54%. Median progression-free survival was 2.1 months (95% CI, 1.1 to 3.0 months). The most frequent Common Toxicity Criteria ≥ 3° adverse event was hyperglycemia in 11 (29.7%) patients, thrombocytopenia in eight (21.6%), infection in seven (19%), anemia in four (10.8%), and rash in three (8.1%). Fourteen blood/CSF pairs were collected in nine patients (10 pairs in five patients in the 25-mg cohort and four pairs in four patients in the 75-mg cohort). The mean maximum blood concentration was 292 ng/mL for temsirolimus and 37.2 ng/mL for its metabolite sirolimus in the 25-mg cohort and 484 ng/mL and 91.1 ng/mL, respectively, in the 75-mg cohort. Temsirolimus CSF concentration was 2 ng/mL in one patient in the 75-mg cohort; in all others, no drug was found in their CSF. Conclusion Single-agent temsirolimus at a weekly dose of 75 mg was found to be active in relapsed/refractory patients with PCNSL; however, responses were usually short lived.
Frequency of Germline Mutations in 25 Cancer Susceptibility Genes in a Sequential Series of Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Tung Nadine , Lin Nancy U. , Kidd John , Allen Brian A. , Singh Nanda , Wenstrup Richard J. , Hartman Anne-Renee , Winer Eric P. , Garber Judy E. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose Testing for germline mutations in BRCA1/2 is standard for select patients with breast cancer to guide clinical management. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows testing for mutations in additional breast cancer predisposition genes. The frequency of germline mutations detected by using NGS has been reported in patients with breast cancer who were referred for BRCA1/2 testing or with triple-negative breast cancer. We assessed the frequency and predictors of mutations in 25 cancer predisposition genes, including BRCA1/2, in a sequential series of patients with breast cancer at an academic institution to examine the utility of genetic testing in this population. Methods Patients with stages I to III breast cancer who were seen at a single cancer center between 2010 and 2012, and who agreed to participate in research DNA banking, were included (N = 488). Personal and family cancer histories were collected and germline DNA was sequenced with NGS to identify mutations. Results Deleterious mutations were identified in 10.7% of women, including 6.1% in BRCA1/2 (5.1% in non-Ashkenazi Jewish patients) and 4.6% in other breast/ovarian cancer predisposition genes including CHEK2 (n = 10), ATM (n = 4), BRIP1 (n = 4), and one each in PALB2, PTEN, NBN, RAD51C, RAD51D, MSH6, and PMS2. Whereas young age (P < .01), Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry (P < .01), triple-negative breast cancer (P = .01), and family history of breast/ovarian cancer (P = .01) predicted for BRCA1/2 mutations, no factors predicted for mutations in other breast cancer predisposition genes. Conclusion Among sequential patients with breast cancer, 10.7% were found to have a germline mutation in a gene that predisposes women to breast or ovarian cancer, using a panel of 25 predisposition genes. Factors that predict for BRCA1/2 mutations do not predict for mutations in other breast/ovarian cancer susceptibility genes when these genes are analyzed as a single group. Additional cohorts will be helpful to define individuals at higher risk of carrying mutations in genes other than BRCA1/2.
SEARCH OF NEW DESIGN SCHEMES OF GEARED AND DIRECT-DRIVE TRACTION MECHANISM OF LOCOMOTIVE WITH MASS PARTIAL SPRINGING
Authors: Стриженок Александр , Strizhenok Aleksandr , Воробьев Владимир , Vorobev Vladimir , Измеров Олег , Izmerov Oleg 
Published: March 2016

The problem of search new design schemes of a traction mechanism for a locomotive with mass drive partial springing is under consideration. New design schemes are offered: a drive with a movable joint of a drive motor and an axial reducing gear and a drive with a disk motor with the separation of a stator and rotor. The authors offer to return to the development of supportframe drives with an axial reducing gear as it is simpler in manufacturing and assemblage on the basis of updated data of their operating modes. The authors also offer their own design of an integrated traction drive with a swivel of a motor and reducing gear which is simpler in manufacturing and assemblage as compared with the foreign analogues.
The introduction of nonsynchronous traction electric motors having a smaller mass and higher reliability as compared with commutator motors resulted in new designs of a supportaxial drive by foreign manufacturers and their introduction in the market of domestic rolling-stock. This work shows an attempt to determine possibilities to eliminate dependence mentioned by means of the analysis of basic problems in the development of supportaxial drive design and new structural scheme searches.
INFRASTRUCTURE AS EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING FACTOR OF ECONOMICAL ACTIVITY SUBJECTS
Authors: Булхов Николай , Bulkhov Nikolay , Атрощенко Анна , Atroshchenko Anna , Берестов Виктор , Berestov Viktor , Сафронова Оксана , Safronova Oksana 
Published: March 2016

It is wellknown that infrastructure carries out one of the most significant functions – creates general conditions for effectiveness increase in managing subject functioning: affects the improvement of labor conditions in social production, distribution sphere development, is a condition for basic branch development.
The paper represents the result of the analysis of home and foreign scientists’ works. The idea of “infrastructure” within the limits of the historical development process of labourmanagement relations is considered, the directions for the infrastructure classification formation are put forward, the significance of infrastructure effectiveness estimation for the subjects of economical activity is substantiated.
The paper reports the infrastructure classification within the limits of a horizontal and vertical analysis: criteria defining the functioning effectiveness of the corresponding kinds of infrastructure.
In conclusion it is emphasized that the infrastructure could be defined as a system the main problem of which is a corresponding support of the main structure (population, works, branch, economy in the whole). The researches and analysis of infrastructure elements allow estimating the degree of its influence upon the main structure, that is, upon its corresponding objects and, in the end, can contribute to their stable and sustainable development.
Prospective Associations of Systemic and Urinary Choline Metabolites with Incident Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Svingen Gard F T , Schartum-Hansen Hall , Pedersen Eva R , Ueland Per M , Tell Grethe S , Mellgren Gunnar , Njølstad Pål R , Seifert Reinhard , Strand Elin , Karlsson Therese , Nygård Ottar 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Several compounds in the choline oxidation pathway are associated with insulin resistance and prevalent diabetes; however, prospective data are scarce.
We explored the relationships between systemic and urinary choline-related metabolites and incident type 2 diabetes in an observational prospective study among Norwegian patients.

METHODS
We explored risk associations by logistic regression among 3621 nondiabetic individuals with suspected stable angina pectoris, of whom 3242 provided urine samples. Reclassification of patients was investigated according to continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI &gt;0).

RESULTS
After median (25th to 75th percentile) follow-up of 7.5 (6.4–8.7) years, 233 patients (6.4%) were registered with incident type 2 diabetes. In models adjusted for age, sex, and fasting status, plasma betaine was inversely related to new-onset disease [odds ratio (OR) per 1 SD, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.62–0.83; P &lt; 0.00001], whereas positive associations were observed for urine betaine (1.25; 1.09–1.43; P = 0.001), dimethylglycine (1.22; 1.06–1.40; P = 0.007), and sarcosine (1.30; 1.13–1.49; P &lt; 0.001). The associations were maintained in a multivariable model adjusting for body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate, C-reactive protein, HDL cholesterol, and medications. Plasma betaine and urine sarcosine, the indices most strongly related to incident type 2 diabetes, improved reclassification [NRI &gt;0 (95% CI) 0.33 (0.19–0.47) and 0.16 (0.01–0.31), respectively] and showed good within-person reproducibility.

CONCLUSIONS
Systemic and urinary concentrations of several choline metabolites were associated with risk of incident type 2 diabetes, and relevant biomarkers may improve risk prediction.
KAJIAN ELEMEN-ELEMEN PENENTU KEBERHASILAN KEMUNGKINAN PENERAPAN TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD) DI KAWASAN BANYUMANIK KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: T Nograito Wimardana 
Published: March 2016

<p>Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is a concept of developing an integrated transportation system with land use. Implementation of TOD in the Banyumanik Area, aims to address the impacts of urban sprawl, namely traffic congestion, air pollution, consumption of open space, and a sense of kinship society in a modern residential neighborhood. Based on TOD best practices, elements that influential and become critical success of TOD implementation are land use, hinterland areas support, transportation systems, the role of stakeholders, and the level of understanding and public acceptance. This study aims to identify and know the priority of elements and components that influence and become a critical success for possible TOD applications in the Banyumanik Area. This study used Delphi Method with four expert informants as respondents. The results showed that TOD concept has a potential to be applied in the Banyumanik Area. In order to TOD application can be run effectively and achieve its objectives, there are six elements and eighteen components that need an attention. Eighteen components are part of the six elements. Elements and components also need to be prioritized according to level of importance. The order of priority elements, namely the role and collaboration between stakeholders, the level of understanding and public acceptance, regulatory systems, land use, transportation systems, and hinterland areas support. Elements and components that obtained has evolved from the synthesis of literature review. Recommendations can be given is development actors and citizens must begin to play an active role seriously and collaborate in formulating a regulatory system which is a guidelines of TOD implementation in the Banyumanik Area. Along with this, the level of understanding and public acceptance (especially local) of this concept should be developed because the people adaptation to something new is different, so it will takes time for the TOD concept can be embedded within them as a solution to solve the transportation problem,</p>