bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment and classification of hydromorphological state of the Breń River
Authors: Borek Łukasz 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The paper presents the classification of the hydromorphological condition of the Breń River according to the River Habitat Survey (RHS). The research of the hydromorphological assessment of the Breń River, which is a right-bank tributary of the Vistula River and almost entirely flows through the area of the Dąbrowa Tarnowska district was conducted in June 2015. The research sites were situated on the border of the Tarnów Plateau and the Vistula Lowland. The Breń River in these sections flows through rural areas used for agricultural purposes with low-density housing. The analysis of qualitative parameters describing the morphological characteristics were based on two synthetic indices of stream quality: Habitat Quality Assesment (HQA) and Habitat Modification Score (HMS). The calculated numerical values of the two indices proved that the sections of the Breń River correspond with the third and fifth class, which means a moderate (III) and very bad (V) hydromorphological condition.
Comparative analysis of the quality of sewage discharged from selected agglomeration sewerage systems
Authors: Chmielowski Krzysztof , Bugajski Piotr , Kaczor Grzegorz B. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe study provides a comparative analysis of the quality of sewage discharged from selected sewerage systems. The analyzed data were collected from 10 agglomeration sewerage systems discharging sewage into collective wastewater treatment plants (WTP). The investigated pollution indicators included BOD5, CODCr, total suspended solids and biogenic indicators such as total nitrogen and total phosphorus. These results were compared with the outcomes reported in commonly available research papers on sewage disposal. Considering the concentration of individual pollution indicators, more detailed categories of sewage pollution were adopted in this work. The sewage was divided into five basic groups: I – highly concentrated, II – concentrated, III – moderately concentrated, IV – diluted, and V – highly diluted. The sewage categories accounted for the following pollution indicators: BOD5, CODCr, total suspended solids, total phosphorus and total nitrogen. Mean BOD5, CODCr and total suspended solids in raw sewage were higher than average values reported in the referenced literature. Contrary to that, concentration of total phosphorus in raw sewage was significantly lower than reported by other authors. The outcomes of this study suggest that the predictions concerning pollution degree of raw sewage made at WTP design stage should not be based exclusively on general values provided in literature reports.
Time series analysis of reference crop evapotranspiration for Bokaro District, Jharkhand, India
Authors: Gautam Ratnesh , Sinha Anand K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractEvapotranspiration is the one of the major role playing element in water cycle. More accurate measurement and forecasting of Evapotranspiration would enable more efficient water resources management. This study, is therefore, particularly focused on evapotranspiration modelling and forecasting, since forecasting would provide better information for optimal water resources management. There are numerous techniques of evapotranspiration forecasting that include autoregressive (AR) and moving average (MA), autoregressive moving average (ARMA), autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), Thomas Feiring, etc. Out of these models ARIMA model has been found to be more suitable for analysis and forecasting of hydrological events. Therefore, in this study ARIMA models have been used for forecasting of mean monthly reference crop evapotranspiration by stochastic analysis. The data series of 102 years i.e. 1224 months of Bokaro District were used for analysis and forecasting. Different order of ARIMA model was selected on the basis of autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation (PACF) of data series. Maximum likelihood method was used for determining the parameters of the models. To see the statistical parameter of model, best fitted model is ARIMA (0, 1, 4) (0, 1, 1)12.
Assessment of dam construction impact on hydrological regime changes in lowland river – A case of study: the Stare Miasto reservoir located on the Powa River
Authors: Sojka Mariusz , Jaskuła Joanna , Wicher-Dysarz Joanna , Dysarz Tomasz 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The purpose of the presented research is analysis and assessment of the Stare Miasto reservoir impact on the hydrological regime changes of the Powa River. The reservoir was built in 2006 and is located in the central part of Poland. The total area of inundation in normal conditions is 90.68 ha and its capacity is 2.159 mln m3. Hydrological regime alteration of the Powa River is analysed on the basis of daily flows from the Posoka gauge station observed during period 1974–2014. Assessment of hydrological regime changes is carried out on the basis of Range of Variability Approach (RVA) method. All calculations are made by means of Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) software version 7.1.0.10. The analysis shows that the Stare Miasto reservoir has a moderate impact on hydrological regime of the Powa River. Construction of the reservoir has positive effect on stability of minimal flows, which are important for protection of river ecosystems. The results obtained indicate that the Stare Miasto reservoir reduces a spring peak flow and enables to moderate control of floods.
Dispersion properties of Kolakoski-cladding hollow-core nanophotonic Bragg waveguide
Authors: Fesenko Volodymyr I. , Tuz Vladimir R. , Shulika Oleksiy V. , Sukhoivanov Igor A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA comprehensive analysis of guided modes of a novel type of a planar Bragg reflection waveguide that consists of a low refractive index guiding layer sandwiched between two finite aperiodic mirrors is presented. The layers in the mirrors are aperiodically arranged according to the Kolakoski substitution rule. In such a waveguide, light is confined inside the core by Bragg reflection, while dispersion characteristics of guided modes strongly depend on aperiodicity of the cladding. Using the transfer matrix formalism bandgap conditions, dispersion characteristics and mode profiles of the guided modes of such a waveguide are studied on the GaAs/AlAs and Si/SiO2 epitaxial platforms, which are compatible with hybrid and heteroepitaxial frameworks of silicon photonics.
Reformed Confessions and Scholasticism. Diversity and Harmony
Authors: Beck Andreas J. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis paper discusses the complex relationship of Reformed confessions and Reformed orthodox scholasticism. It is argued that Reformed confessions differ in genre and method from Reformed scholastic works, although such differences between confessional and scholastic language should not be mistaken for representing different doctrines that are no longer in harmony with each other. What is more, it is precisely the scholastic background and training of the authors of such confessions that enabled them to place their confessional writings in the broader catholic tradition of the Christian church and to include patristic and medieval theological insights. Thus proper attention to their scholastic background helps to see that at least in some confessions the doctrine of predestination, for instance, is not as ‘rigid’ as one might think at first sight. In order to demonstrate that the doctrine of the Reformed confessions was much in line with the scholastic theology of Reformed orthodoxy, this paper discusses, after having explained the terms ‘Reformed orthodoxy’ and ‘scholasticism’, the early Reformed scholastic theologians Beza, Zanchi, and Ursinus, who also have written confessional texts. The paper also includes a more detailed discussion of theBelgic Confessionand the scholastic background of the Canons of Dordt and theWestminster Confession, thereby focusing on the doctrines of God, providence, and predestination.
Reformed Orthodoxy on Imputation. Active and Passive Justification
Authors: Fesko John V. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe doctrine of imputation is common to Early Modern Lutheran and Reformed theology, but Reformed orthodox theologians employed the distinction between the active and passive justification of the believer. Active justification is the objective imputation of Christ’s righteousness and passive justification is the subjective reception of the same. This distinction is a unique contribution in Reformed orthodox dogmatics and was used in polemics against Roman Catholic, Arminian, and Socinian theologians. This essay also compares Reformed orthodox formulations with Lutheran orthodox understandings of how they preserved theextra nosof Christ’s righteousness in justification. The Reformed orthodox employed the active-passive justification distinction in conjunction with the decree and the doctrine of the covenant of redemption, whereas the Lutheran orthodox logically placed justification first in the order of salvation. Both groups maintain theextra nosof Christ’s imputed righteousness but do so in different ways.
The Relevance of Reformed Scholasticism for Contemporary Systematic Theology
Authors: te Velde Dolf 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article examines how Reformed scholasticism can be relevant for systematic theology today. ‘Reformed Scholasticism’ denotes the academic practice in which the doctrines of the Reformation are expounded, explained, and defended. It is primarily a method and attitude in search of the truth, based on a careful reading of Scripture, drawing on patristic and medieval traditions, and interacting with philosophy and other academic disciplines. In addition to these methodological features, important contributions on various doctrinal topics can be discovered. The doctrine of God has a foundational role in the sense that God is the primary subject of the other topics (creation, salvation, etc.). Reformed scholastic theology not only examines God’s inner essence, but also the concrete relation and operation of God toward his world. In a Trinitarian understanding of God’s essence, a distinction is maintained between God’s immanent relatedness as three divine Persons, and his outward relation to created reality. The doctrines of creation and providence gave occasion for Reformed scholastics to engage in debates with the emerging natural sciences, and also articulated important theological insights concerning the involvement of God in creaturely affairs. In Christology, the Reformed orthodox maintained the classic doctrine of the two natures of Jesus Christ, against Socinians and other opponents. These ontological statements are the necessary conditions for a proper understanding of the salvation by Christ. While the doctrinal positions of Reformed scholastic theology cannot be automatically transmitted to contemporary discussions, we can profit from this tradition on several levels of method and content.
Conventional Direction to Unconventional Measures: Using Quantitative Easing to shape Eurozone Fiscal Capacity
Authors: Fontana Olimpia , Vannuccini Simone 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Eight years after the outbreak of the crisis, the Eurozone (EZ) fiscal policy remains fragmented at the national level. This paper fills the structural gap between the monetary and fiscal dimensions of EZ economic policy by suggesting a ‘conventional’ direction to the unconventional Quantitative Easing (QE) policy of the European Central Bank (ECB). We propose an evolution for QE to tackle the shortcomings of the current ‘decentralized’ fiscal policy in the EZ. In a nutshell, we suggest a change in the composition of QE asset purchases, focusing on buying European Investment Bank (EIB) bonds that, in turn, would be used to finance real investments through the Juncker Plan programme. The rationale of our proposal is legitimised by an overview of the gloomy macroeconomic conditions of the EZ, and the situation in ongoing policies. The mechanism is described in detail, with a discussion of both its strengths and possible limitations.
Nataayej reproducibility Nadaare: Introductory conceptualization and macrolinguistic functions of reverse code-switching
Authors: Ghahari Shima 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe study revisits the concept of code-switching (CS) by focusing on a phenomenon in which bilinguals reverse switch from their L1 to L2 while speaking in their mother tongue. In the opening sections, the basic question of why CS occurs is addressed by reviewing relevant research and by looking beyond the formal interests to the social and cultural functions of CS in bilingual interactions. Then in the last two chapters, the study introduces and highlights a version of CS called reverse code-switching which is, to a large extent and despite its frequency of occurrence in outer circle societies, ignored in language studies. Attempt has been made to survey possible psycholinguistic and sociocultural explanations that may account for and common perceptions which are held towards the latter phenomenon in the light of the former.
Analysing knot evidence: associating innate habits with sophisticated tying tasks
Authors: Chisnall Robert Charles 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Most ligature cases feature everyday, innately-tied Overhand Knots, Half Hitches and Half Knots. These knots are the result of habitual behaviour and individual tiers demonstrate consistency, except when certain contextual factors come into play. This survey focussed on comparing the chiralities of basic knots to those of Figure Eight Knots, which occur in case evidence and require similar tying actions. It is important to note that real-world Figure Eights are oriented relative to their working ends and are therefore chiral, whereas topological Figure Eights have no ends and are amphichiral. Data summarizing the tying habits of 184 survey respondents were collected and analysed. The majority of volunteers surveyed tied common Overhand Knots and Figure Eights of equal chirality, consistently or nearly consistently, irrespective of any general learning effect. A minority tied knots of opposite chirality. The knots tied by the remaining respondents varied, and the data suggested a potentially complex pattern which may be related to previous findings. Similar but less pronounced patterns were exhibited in the Half Hitch and Half Knot data. This information could be useful when analysing case evidence and making links to suspect samples, provided cautious attention is paid to context and knot function.
Será preciso de novo falar de humanismo?
Authors: Perine Marcelo 
Published: October 2016

<p>Esta comunicación toma como punto de partida un conflicto paradigmático entre las concepciones de Isócrates y de Platón sobre la educación y el ideal de hombre que las guiaba, para delinear los trazos de otro conflicto entre el humanismo inspirado por la tradición griega, asumido y transformado en el interior de la tradición cristiana, y un “humanismo” que, en el marco del pensamiento liberal, intenta recrear el ideal de hombre en términos de individuo aislado, con desdoblamientos consecuentes en la concepción de la sociedad y de las tareas del Estado. Las tres figuras del conflicto aquí expuestas indican que los desafíos actuales del humanismo de inspiración cristiana son ciertamente más graves de los que se le presentaron al humanismo griego del siglo IV a.c. El individualismo asumido como ideología, el liberalismo transformado en tradición y el neoliberalismo como doctrina econó- mica hegemónica conforman una comprensión de hombre y de los bienes de la vida humana, en sus dimensiones individuales y sociales, en contraste radical con la que se reporta a la tradición cristiana.</p><p>Palabras clave:humanismo, individualismo, liberalismo, bien común, justicia. </p><p> </p>
El intelecto agente según Teodorico el Teutónico
Authors: Sellés Juan Fernando 
Published: October 2016

<p>En este trabajo se estudia la concepción de Teodorico el Teutónico sobre el nivel cognoscitivo superior humano: el intelecto agente. De él este pensador medieval (ss. XIII-XIV) indica que es siempre activo, distinto en cada persona humana, superior al alma humana, imagen de Dios y abierto a él, pues la visión beatífica depende del intelecto agente.</p><p>Palabras clave: Teodorico el Teutónico, conocer humano superior, intelecto agente, visión beatífica.</p><p> </p>
El camino de la experiencia estética: entre la vivencia y la comprensión
Authors: Torres Nohora 
Published: October 2016

<p>En este artículo se pone en discusión la aparente oposición de dos enfoques que sobre la experiencia de la literatura y las artes se han definido en la tradición académica. Por un lado, la experiencia como «vivencia» en la propuesta de Jorge Larrosa (2006); por el otro se expone la «experiencia de comprensión», vista desde la perspectiva hermenéutica de Hans Jauss (1977), con esenciales aportes de la teoría de George Gadamer (1978). Esto a fin de ver los límites y posibilidades de estas dos teorías de la experiencia, de manera que se pueda tender un camino metodológico que reúna estas dos percepciones en el estudio de la literatura, sin negar sus diferencias, mas aun evidenciando su intrínseca complementariedad.</p><p> Palabras clave: experiencia, literatura, comprensión, hermenéutica, teoría de la recepción.</p><p> </p>
El ‘vivir nosotros’ amerindio vs ‘decir nosotros’ de la globalización
Authors: Meza Guillermo 
Published: October 2016

<p>Vivimos cotidianamente con otros en un mismo y único mundo, pero desde mundos diametralmente opuestos; porque para unos, desde el nostrismo de la globalidad imperial, con unas relaciones nacidas del ego, de posesión, de conquista y de dominación, impera el individualismo, así la cosmovisión se diga englobante, mientras que para otros -los pueblos ancestrales-, viven bajo la lógica del nosotros, de la nosotridad y/o la comunalidad, relaciones no de sujeto a objeto, sino de sujeto a sujeto, relaciones de reciprocidad y complementariedad. Así pues, en este artículo de investigación, desde una mirada interdisciplinaria, se pondrán frente a frente estas dos cosmovisiones del nosotros; el nostrismo en el mundo de la globalidad imperial y la nosotridad entre los pueblos amerindios.</p><div class="page" title="Page 2"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Palabras clave: </span><span> losofía amerindia, nosotridad, cosmovisión, América Latina. </span></p><p> </p></div></div></div>
Cervantes como comisionado y recaudador al servicio de la Real Hacienda
Authors: Hernández Esteve Esteban 
Published: October 2016

<p>El trabajo resume la conferencia que el profesor Esteban Hernández pronuncio en el marco de las celebraciones con las que el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) conmemoró los 400 años del nacimiento de Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. En ella, el profesor Hernández Esteve describe,<br />con detalles históricos, al otro Cervantes: El Oficial Real, el funcionario público que actuaba en nombre de la Corona española, como recaudador de impuestos, y como tal, manejaba la información contable sobre los bienes y los recursos recaudados.</p><p>El documento está lleno de detalles históricos sobre las diferentes actividades que Cervantes desempeñó como representante de la Corona, y los problemas que enfrentaba en la época la labor de recaudador. Aunque para su construcción el autor toma como referencia fuentes secundarias, la narración es original en el enfoque de estudio y ofrece comprensión clara sobre la personalidad de Cervantes y su trabajo como contador, en una época de la historia sumamente importante para la consolidación de la contabilidad moderna.</p>
Caracterización de una pedagogía de la teología en perspectiva crítico-liberadora. Reflexiones desde la pedagogía crítica y la teología de la liberación.
Authors: Santamaría Rodríguez Juan Esteban , Quitián Álvarez Eduard Andrés , Orozco Bernal Alba Luz 
Published: October 2016

<p>El artículo propone una pedagogía de la teología en perspectiva crítico-liberadora. Para ello, recurre a los fundamentos de la pedagogía crítica y la teología de la liberación, referentes que indagan por las características del acto educativo y el significado de la experiencia de fe cristiana desde la realidad histórica del sujeto respectivamente. La interacción dialógica entre ambos saberes fundamenta esta pedagogía al reconocer el rol del creyente (profesor – estudiante) como ‘intelectual transformativo’, quien a través de la significación<br />de su experiencia de fe en su contexto; su inteligibilidad en relación con la tradición teológica eclesial y el despliegue de una praxis liberadora que contribuya a la transformación de realidades de opresión en contextos de liberación y salvación posibilita la construcción y enseñanza del saber teológico.</p><p>Palabras clave: Pedagogía de la teología, pedagogía crítica, teología de la liberación, enseñabilidad, saber teológico</p>
Libertad de conciencia y culto: una mirada a la realidad colombiana.
Authors: Ramírez Alfonso Viviana 
Published: October 2016

<p>El presente artículo analiza los derechos a la libertad de conciencia y culto a la luz de la separación, desde el año 1991, del estado colombiano con la iglesia. Lo anterior porque las creencias y convicciones religiosas son propias del “ser”, integran su identidad y en el curso de la vida diaria recaen en el “hacer”, lo que ha derivado en el nacimiento de una censura pública al criterio y al actuar de aquel que, declarada o no, tiene una convicción religiosa. No son entonces la conciencia, las convicciones religiosas o los principios de vida, elementos de quitar y poner en el ejercicio de la vida académica, laboral, política o social y merecen por ende todo el respeto de la sociedad en general.</p><p><br />Palabras clave: libertad, religión, conciencia, culto, ser, hacer.</p>
Calculo del tamaño de muestra para la estimación de una varianza en poblaciones finitas con funciones en R
Authors: Gutiérrez Andrés , Zhang Hanwen , Montaño Cristian 
Published: October 2016

<p>Estimar la varianza del puntaje de una población finita en un examen estandarizado<br />es un objetivo importante en la evaluación de la educación. Sin embargo<br />en la literatura estadística no existe una metodología general que permita determinar el tamaño de muestra mínimo necesario para estimar de forma consistente este parámetro de interés.</p><p>En este artículo se realizan los desarrollos necesarios para aproximar la varianza del estimador de Hajek de la varianza poblacional por medio de la linealizacion de Taylor. Ademas, se proponen diferentes enfoques para calcular el tamaño de muestra mínimo necesario para estimar puntualmente este<br />parámetro o para cotejar un sistema de hipótesis estadísticas. Adicionalmete se<br />proponen funciones computacionales programadas en el software R que permiten<br />calcular tamaños de muestra requeridos.</p>