bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Previous Ketamine Produces an Enduring Blockade of Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of Uncontrollable Stress
Authors: Amat Jose , Dolzani Samuel D. , Tilden Scott , Christianson John P. , Kubala Kenneth H. , Bartholomay Kristi , Sperr Katherine , Ciancio Nicholas , Watkins Linda R. , Maier Steven F. 
Published: January 2016

Recent interest in the antidepressant and anti-stress effects of subanesthetic doses of ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has identified mechanisms whereby ketamine reverses the effect of stress, but little is known regarding the prophylactic effect ketamine might have on future stressors. Here we investigate the prophylactic effect of ketamine against neurochemical and behavioral changes that follow inescapable, uncontrollable tail shocks (ISs) in Sprague Dawley rats. IS induces increased anxiety, which is dependent on activation of serotonergic (5-HT) dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neurons that project to the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Ketamine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) administered 2 h, 1 week, or 2 weeks before IS prevented the increased extracellular levels of 5-HT in the BLA typically produced by IS. In addition, ketamine administered at these time points blocked the decreased juvenile social investigation produced by IS. Microinjection of ketamine into the prelimbic (PL) region of the medial prefrontal cortex duplicated the effects of systemic ketamine, and, conversely, systemic ketamine effects were prevented by pharmacological inhibition of the PL. Although IS does not activate DRN-projecting neurons from the PL, IS did so after ketamine, suggesting that the prophylactic effect of ketamine is a result of altered functioning of this projection.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe reported data show that systemic ketamine, given up to 2 weeks before a stressor, blunts behavioral and neurochemical effects of the stressor. The study also advances understanding of the mechanisms involved and suggests that ketamine acts at the prelimbic cortex to sensitize neurons that project to and inhibit the DRN.
Competition with Primary Sensory Afferents Drives Remodeling of Corticospinal Axons in Mature Spinal Motor Circuits
Authors: Jiang Yu-Qiu , Zaaimi Boubker , Martin John H. 
Published: January 2016

Injury to the mature motor system drives significant spontaneous axonal sprouting instead of axon regeneration. Knowing the circuit-level determinants of axonal sprouting is important for repairing motor circuits after injury to achieve functional rehabilitation. Competitive interactions are known to shape corticospinal tract axon outgrowth and withdrawal during development. Whether and how competition contributes to reorganization of mature spinal motor circuits is unclear. To study this question, we examined plastic changes in corticospinal axons in response to two complementary proprioceptive afferent manipulations: (1) enhancing proprioceptive afferents activity by electrical stimulation; or (2) diminishing their input by dorsal rootlet rhizotomy. Experiments were conducted in adult rats. Electrical stimulation produced proprioceptive afferent sprouting that was accompanied by significant corticospinal axon withdrawal and a decrease in corticospinal connections on cholinergic interneurons in the medial intermediate zone and C boutons on motoneurons. In contrast, dorsal rootlet rhizotomy led to a significant increase in corticospinal connections, including those on cholinergic interneurons; C bouton density increased correspondingly. Motor cortex-evoked muscle potentials showed parallel changes to those of corticospinal axons, suggesting that reciprocal corticospinal axon changes are functional. Using the two complementary models, we showed that competitive interactions between proprioceptive and corticospinal axons are an important determinant in the organization of mature corticospinal axons and spinal motor circuits. The activity- and synaptic space-dependent properties of the competition enables prediction of the remodeling of spared corticospinal connection and spinal motor circuits after injury and informs the target-specific control of corticospinal connections to promote functional recovery.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeuroplasticity is limited in maturity, but it is promoted after injury. Axons of the major descending motor pathway for motor skills, the corticospinal tract (CST), sprout after brain or spinal cord injury. This contributes to spontaneous spinal motor circuit repair and partial motor recovery. Knowing the determinants that enhance this plasticity is critical for functional rehabilitation. Here we examine the remodeling of CST axons directed by sensory fibers. We found that the CST projection is regulated dynamically in maturity by the competitive, activity-dependent actions of sensory fibers. Knowledge of the properties of this competition enables prediction of the remodeling of CST connections and spinal circuits after injury and informs ways to engineer target-specific control of CST connections to promote recovery.
Checklist of benthic macroinvertebrates of the Lago Pratignano (northern Apennines, Italy): an extremely rich ecosystem
Authors: Ansaloni Ivano , Prevedelli Daniela , Ruocco Matteo , Simonini Roberto 
Published: January 2016

A checklist of the macroinvertebrates fauna of the Lago Pratignano is presented here. The Lago Pratignano is a small, natural water body of the high (1,307 m above sea level) Northern Apennines, Italy. It represents an important site for the conservation of endangered flora and amphibians, and its importance for the conservation of the macroinvertebrate fauna is highlighted. The 82 taxa recorded make it an extremely rich habitat. The most represented group was Diptera, with 31 taxa, followed by Coleoptera, with nine, and Oligochaeta and Arachnida, each with eight taxa. Other groups are present in lower numbers. Despite the scant attention to theP study of the macroinvertebrates of small lentic habitats in the Northern Apennines, their importance for the conservation of the invertebrate fauna and the high contribution they give to the biodiversity is highlighted here.
Grigore C. Moisil (1906 - 1973) and his School in Algebraic Logic
Authors: Georgescu George , Iorgulescu Afrodita , Rudeanu Sergiu 
Published: January 2016

<p>We present in the paper a very concise but updated survey emphasizing the research done by Gr. C. Moisil and his school in algebraic logic.</p>
A high-resolution and harmonized model approach for reconstructing and analysing historic land changes in Europe
Authors: Fuchs Richard 
Published: January 2016

<p><span class="pb_authors"><strong>R. Fuchs<sup>1</sup>, M. Herold<sup>1</sup>, P. H. Verburg<sup>2</sup>, and J. G. P. W. Clevers<sup>1</sup></strong></span><br /><span class="pb_affiliations"><sup>1</sup>Laboratory of Geoinformation Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands<br /><sup>2</sup>Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands</span></p><p>Human-induced land use changes are nowadays the second largest contributor to atmospheric carbon dioxide after fossil fuel combustion. Existing historic land change reconstructions on the European scale do not sufficiently meet the requirements of greenhouse gas (GHG) and climate assessments, due to insufficient spatial and thematic detail and the consideration of various land change types. This paper investigates if the combination of different data sources, more detailed modelling techniques, and the integration of land conversion types allow us to create accurate, high-resolution historic land change data for Europe suited for the needs of GHG and climate assessments. We validated our reconstruction with historic aerial photographs from 1950 and 1990 for 73 sample sites across Europe and compared it with other land reconstructions like Klein Goldewijk et al. (2010, 2011), Ramankutty and Foley (1999), Pongratz et al. (2008) and Hurtt et al. (2006). The results indicate that almost 700 000 km2 (15.5%) of land cover in Europe has changed over the period 1950–2010, an area similar to France. In Southern Europe the relative amount was almost 3.5% higher than average (19%). Based on the results the specific types of conversion, hot-spots of change and their relation to political decisions and socio-economic transitions were studied. The analysis indicates that the main drivers of land change over the studied period were urbanization, the reforestation program resulting from the timber shortage after the Second World War, the fall of the Iron Curtain, the Common Agricultural Policy and accompanying afforestation actions of the EU. Compared to existing land cover reconstructions, the new method considers the harmonization of different datasets by achieving a high spatial resolution and regional detail with a full coverage of different land categories. These characteristics allow the data to be used to support and improve ongoing GHG inventories and climate research.</p><p><strong>Citation:</strong><span> Fuchs, R., Herold, M., Verburg, P. H., and Clevers, J. G. P. W.: A high-resolution and harmonized model approach for reconstructing and analysing historic land changes in Europe, Biogeosciences, 10, 1543-1559, doi:10.5194/bg-10-1543-2013, 2013.</span></p>
O PARADIGMA DO MOVIMENTO RELATIVO DE FALHAS NA MODELAGEM FÍSICA ANALÓGICA
Authors: Gomes Caroline J. S. , Danderfer Filho André , Braga Silvia Carolina , Pessoa Maria Verônica 
Published: January 2016

Em experimentos de areia foram simulados sistemas de falhas distensivos e de inversão tectônica positiva,com o objetivo de discutir o paradigma do movimento relativo de blocos de falhas. Os sistemas, querepresentam hemigrabens com falha de borda lístrica, foram simulados, em diferentes modelos, comtranslação do bloco do teto e do muro. Os experimentos demonstraram que o bloco móvel de uma falhanormal lístrica influencia na arquitetura dos sistemas estruturais. Em uma bacia extensional, o ângulo demergulho das falhas internas, antitéticas, é mais baixo quando o bloco do teto é móvel. Isto ocorre, porqueo movimento progressivo do teto causa rotação horária destas falhas. Nos experimentos de inversão tectônica,o fechamento da bacia pelos diferentes blocos, do muro e do teto, causa a reativação do descolamento basalem dois domínios distintos, no início da rampa e ao longo de seu segmento horizontal, respectivamente. Ofato conduz à nucleação de falhas de empurrão (e retroempurrão) em posições distintas. Assim, quando obloco do muro é móvel, ascensão e espessamento do pacote sin-rifte ocorrem, sob baixa magnitude dedeformação, no início do processo deformacional.Palavras-chave: modelagem física, extensão, inversão tectônica, translação do bloco do muro e teto ABSTRACT:Scaled analogue fault-block models were constructed with homogenous sand packs to discuss theparadigm of their relative motion. In a first set of extensional experiments, we simulated hangingwall dislocation above a listric normal detachment as described in the literature and compared it to afootwall deformation experiment. An inverted extensional fault system was also constructed toanalyze the effect of hanging wall and footwall deformation. Our models demonstrate that the activefault block partially controls the evolution of fault systems. In extensional domains, translation ofthe hanging wall produces clockwise rotation of antithetic faults, resulting in lower dip angles thanthose formed by activation of the footwall block. In the experiments involving extension andinversion, thrusts nucleate at the fault-flat by activation of the hanging wallblock, and at the faultramp-toe by activation of the footwallblock. Thus, in the footwall deformation model, ascensionand thickening of the syn-rift deposits occur during the early stages of deformation.Keywords: analogue modelling, extension, tectonic inversion, footwall dislocation, hanging wall dislocation.
MORFODINÂMICA FLUVIAL CENOZÓICA EM ZONAS DE CONTATO ENTRE FAIXAS MÓVEIS E “CUNHAS TECTÔNICAS” NA REGIÃO SUL DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Magalhães Jr. Antônio Pereira , Trindade Elaine de Sousa 
Published: January 2016

Os vales fluviais da região sul de Minas Gerais têm sido marcados por uma evolução geomorfológicacenozóica condicionada por fortes influências tectônicas das faixas móveis da porção oriental do país(Sistema Serra do Mar/Serra da Mantiqueira). O condicionamento sobre os ciclos morfodinâmicostem englobado a reativação de zonas de cisalhamento pré-cambrianas como a Zona Rúptil Carandaí-Mogi Guaçu (Wernick et al, 1981), responsável pela formação de grabens que capturam os níveisde base locais. A bacia do rio Sapucaí, um dos principais afluentes do rio Grande, está inserida em umcontexto tectônico no qual alternam-se blocos de comportamento diferencial: zonas de cisalhamentoe sistemas horst-grabens, e blocos estabilizados alóctones (cunhas tectônicas). Este trabalho apresentaa integração de resultados de diversos estudos sobre a reconstituição da dinâmica fluvial cenozóicade bacias fluviais na região sul de Minas Gerais, com base em análise estratigráfica de seqüênciasaluviais e sua correlação com o quadro geotectônico regional. Mesmo que situada no contexto derelativa estabilidade do Escudo Brasileiro, a região destaca-se como um rico cenário para a identifica-ção de influências tectônicas sobre o quadro geomorfológico nacional. ABSTRACT: The fluvial valleys of the southern region of Minas Gerais have been marked by a geomorphologiccenozoic evolution, conditioned by strong tectonic influences from the mobile belt in the easternpart of the country (Serra do Mar  Serra da Mantiqueira system). The influence over themorphodynamic cycles has involved the reactivation of Precambrian shear zones such as the RúptilZone Carandaí-MogiGuaçu (Wernick et al, 1981), responsible for the formation of grabens whichreach the local base levels. The Sapucaí river basin, one of the major tributaries of the GrandeRiver, is inserted in a tectonic blocks context wich differential behavior: shear zones, horst-grabensystems, and stabilized tectonic blocks. This work presents the integration of results from severalstudies on the reconstitution of the fluvial basins in the southern part of Minas Gerais, based in thestratigraphic analysis of alluvial sequences and its correlation with the regional geotectonic framework.Even though it is located in the relative stability of the Brazilian Shield, the region stands out as a richscenario for the identification of tectonic influences on the national geomorphologic framework.
VULNERABILIDADE QUÍMICA DOS SOLOS A CONTAMINAÇÃO POR CHUMBO, EM ÁREA COM EXTRAÇÃO E CALCINAÇÃO DE CALCÁRIO NO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS – BRASIL.
Authors: Moraes Adriano F. de , Horn Adolf H. 
Published: January 2016

Entender a contaminação por chumbo demanda conhecer o seu comportamento e dos constituintes dos solosque interagem com ele. Foi estudada a Província Cárstica de Arcos-Pains-Doresópolis (MG). Mediram-seos teores de chumbo e a vulnerabilidade química do solo. As amostras foram analisadas na UFMG e UFV.Os resultados foram trabalhados em Microsoft Office Excel 2003 e ArcGis 9.2. Os teores de chumbosuperaram os valores de prevenção (72,0 mg/kg). Numa amostra, o teor (216,5 mg/kg) ultrapassou osvalores de intervenção agrícola (180,0 mg/kg). Nos solos hidromórficos a vulnerabilidade química é muitoalta indicando restrições de usos que lancem chumbo.Palavras-chave: calcários, solos e chumbo. ABSTRACT: Understanding the contamination by lead demand known its behavior and soil constituents that interact withit. It studied the Karstic Province of Arcos-Pains-Doresópolis (MG). It is quantified the levels of lead andvulnerability soil chemistry. The samples were analysed in UFMG and UFV. The results were worked outin Microsoft Office Excel 2003 and ArcGis 9.2. The levels of lead exceeded the values of prevention (72.0mg/kg). In a sample the content (216.5 mg / kg) exceeded the values of agricultural intervention (180.0 mg/kg). In the wet (hidromorfics) soil the vulnerability chemistry is very high indicating restrictions of usesto launch lead.Keywords: limestones, soils and lead.
TEORES DOS METAIS PESADOS Cr, Cd E Zn EM PERFIS DE SOLOS DE VEREDAS DA BACIA DO RIO DO FORMOSO, MUNICÍPIO DE BURITIZEIRO, MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Moraes Priscilla Palmeiras Freitas de , Horn Adolf Heinrich 
Published: January 2016

As concentrações dos elementos Cr, Cd e Zn em amostras de solo (fração < 0,074 mm) de três veredas selecionadas na Bacia do Rio do Formoso, município de Buritizeiro, Minas Gerais, foram determinadas para obter informações com relação à qualidade ambiental dos solos destas áreas. As amostras foram coletadas em perfis verticais e preparadas para as análises físico-químicas. As leituras das concentrações dos metais foram determinadas por ICP-OES e apresentaram níveis acima do permitido pela legislação, principalmente para os elementos Cr e Cd.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: metais pesados, solos, veredas, contaminação. ABSTRACT: The concentrations of Cr, Cd and Zn in soil samples (fraction <0.074 mm) of three selected veredas in the basin of the Formoso River, Buritizeiro municipality, Minas Gerais, were determined to obtain information regarding the soils environmental quality of these areas. The samples were collected in vertical profiles and prepared for the physical-chemical analysis. The readings of concentrations of metals were determined by ICP-OES and showed levels above those permitted by law, particularly for elements Cr and Cd.KEYWORDS: heavy metals, soils, veredas, contamination.
EVOLUÇÃO PETROLÓGICA E ESTRUTURAL DA PORÇÃO ORIENTAL DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES GEOTECTÔNICAS
Authors: Costa Antonio Gilberto , Rosière Carlos Alberto , Lobato Lydia Maria , Laureano Fernando V. 
Published: January 2016

A metamorphic terrain with high-grade rocks of the Atlantic Metamorphic Belt underlies the eastern part of Minas Gerais State, from south of the town of Manhuaçu to Caratinga. This terrain comprises peraluminous gneisses, igneous and meta-igneous rocks. Granulites occur as small nucleus and vary in composition between peraluminous and basic to intermediate, the latter represented by enderbitic mobilizate. Their formation, as well as that of migmatites of granitic composition, is considered to be related to mafic and ultramafic intrusions. In basic granulites, garnet-bearing mineral assemblages, with the development of corona textures, attest the effects of granulite facies metamorphism, although igneous assemblages and textures are still well preserved. Retrograde alteration assemblages are locally preserved. Despite of the diversity of metamorphic phenomena in this area, T and P calculations reveal consistent results. Temperature and pressure calculations were undertaken in basic granulites slightly affected by the retrograde process. Using Fe +²/Mg exchange between garnet and ortopyroxene as geothermometers and the exchange reaction: An +En = 2/3Pyr + 1/3Grs + Qz as geobarometers peak metamorphic temperatures in the range of 660 to 760°C, at 4,8 to 6,6 Kbar are obtained. Mineral, textural and geochemical evidences indicate that the metamorphic conditions have changed with time and suggest that the formation of the granulites is caused by the underplating of magmas, probably mantle-derived, at the base of the crust. Several rations between major, trace and rare earth elements have been employed. The basic rocks are similar in composition to tholeiites generated in within-plate tectonic settings. Positive correlations netween K2O and SiO2 and negative between MgO and SiO2 in fresh gabbro-noritic rocks and enderbites indicate magmatic differentiation. The geochemical character of altered basic rocks displays an unsystematic dispersion in correlations diagrams. This lack of correlation coupled with field and petrographic suggest the effects of a late metasomatic event on these rocks. This metasomatism comprises the dispersed development of charnockitic rocks with large K-feldspars and quartz crystals. Later dynamic processes gave place to subvertical shear zones with a well defined foliation.
ENXAMES DE DIQUES MÁFICOS DE MINAS GERAIS – O ESTADO DA ARTE
Authors: Chaves Alexandre de Oliveira 
Published: January 2016

Com base em informações diretas (geologia) e indiretas (geofísica-aeromagnetometria) atualizadas e disponíveis, sete enxamesde diques máficos de composição basáltica reveladores de importantes processos geológicos vem sendo progressivamente melhorcaracterizados superficial e subsuperficialmente em Minas Gerais em vários aspectos como disposição espaço-temporal, petrografia,geoquímica, crono-estratigrafia e ambiência geotectônica. O presente estado do conhecimento sobre os mesmos aponta que um únicoenxame tem sua gênese vinculada a regime compressional durante a Orogênese Transamazônica. Os outros seis enxames estãorelacionados a regimes extensionais, sendo muitos deles relacionados à formação de importantes bacias sedimentares guardadas em Minas Gerais, enquanto outros se constituem marcadores da separação América do Sul-África durante a fragmentação do Supercontinente Gondwana no Mesozóico.Palavras-chave: enxames de diques máficos, Minas Gerais. ABSTRACTMAFIC DYKE SWARMS OF MINAS GERAIS - THE STATE OF THE ART. Based on updated and available direct (geology) and indirect(aeromagnetometry) information, seven mafic dyke swarms of basaltic composition have been progressively better characterized atsurface and subsurface in Minas Gerais State. The present state of knowledge points that a single swarm has genesis linked tocompressional setting during Transamazonian Orogeny. All other six swarms are related to crustal extensional settings, many of which arerelated to the formation of important sedimentary basins stored in Minas Gerais and other ones as markers of separation between SouthAmerica and Africa during the Gondwana Supercontinent fragmentation.Keywords: mafic dyke swarms, Minas Gerais.