bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Status of and Recommendations for Nutrition Education in Gastroenterology Fellowship Training in Canada
Authors: Hu Jing , Raman Maitreyi , Gramlich Leah 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPurpose: Knowledge and skill in the area of nutrition are a key competency for the gastroenterologist. However, standards for nutrition education for gastroenterology fellows in Canada do not exist, and gastroenterologists in training and in practice do not feel confident in their knowledge or skill as it relates to nutrition. This study was undertaken to identify the current status of nutrition education in gastroenterology (GI) fellowship training programs in Canada and to provide insight into the development of nutrition educational goals, processes, and evaluation. Methods: Using mixed methods, we did a survey of current and recent graduates and program directors of GI fellowship programs in Canada. We undertook a focus group with program directors and fellows to corroborate findings of the survey and to identify strategies to advance nutrition education, knowledge, and skill of trainees. Results: In total, 89.3% of the respondents perceived that the nutrition education was important for GI training, and 82.1% of the respondents perceived nutrition care would be part of their practice. However, only 50% of respondents had a formal rotation in their program, and it was mandatory only 36% of the time. Of the respondents, 95% felt that nutrition education should be standardized within GI fellowship training. Conclusions: Significant gaps in nutrition education exist with GI fellowship programs in Canada. The creation of standards for nutrition education would be valued by training programs, and such a nutrition curriculum for GI fellowship training in Canada is proposed.
The Impact of Injector-Based Contrast Agent Administration on Bolus Shape and Magnetic Resonance Angiography Image Quality
Authors: Jost Gregor , Endrikat Jan , Pietsch Hubertus 
Published: April 2017

Objective: To compare injector-based contrast agent (CA) administration with hand injection in magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Methods: Gadobutrol was administered in 6 minipigs with 3 protocols: (a) hand injection (one senior technician), (b) hand injection (6 less-experienced technicians), and (c) power injector administration. The arterial bolus shape was quantified by test bolus measurements. A head and neck MRA was performed for quantitative and qualitative comparison of signal enhancement. Results: A significantly shorter time to peak was observed for protocol C, whereas no significant differences between protocols were found for peak height and bolus width. However, for protocol C, these parameters showed a much lower variation. The MRA revealed a significantly higher signal-to-noise ratio for injector-based administration. A superimposed strong contrast of the jugular vein was found in 50% of the hand injections. Conclusions: Injector-based CA administration results in a more standardized bolus shape, a higher vascular contrast, and a more robust visualization of target vessels.
Cyclophosphamide improves engraftment in patients with SCD and severe organ damage who undergo haploidentical PBSCT
Authors: Fitzhugh Courtney D. , Hsieh Matthew M. , Taylor Tiffani , Coles Wynona , Roskom Katherine , Wilson Delon , Wright Elizabeth , Jeffries Neal , Gamper Christopher J. , Powell Jonathan , Luznik Leo , Tisdale John F. 
Published: April 2017

Key PointsPatients with SCD and severe organ damage can tolerate nonmyeloablative conditioning with no transplant-related mortality. Posttransplant cyclophosphamide prevents severe GVHD, increases engraftment, and improves the success rate for haploidentical HSCT.
Perioperative Hepatic Arterial Infusion Pump Chemotherapy Is Associated With Longer Survival After Resection of Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Groot Koerkamp Bas , Sadot Eran , Kemeny Nancy E. , Gönen Mithat , Leal Julie N. , Allen Peter J. , Cercek Andrea , DeMatteo Ronald P. , Kingham T. Peter , Jarnagin William R. , D’Angelica Michael I. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose To investigate whether perioperative hepatic arterial infusion pump chemotherapy (HAI) was associated with overall survival (OS) in patients who had a complete resection of colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Methods Patients who underwent a complete resection of CLM between 1992 and 2012 were included from a single-center prospectively maintained database. All patients who received HAI also received perioperative systemic chemotherapy. Propensity score analysis was used to match patients for seven known prognostic factors. Results A total of 2,368 consecutive patients underwent a complete resection of CLM, with a median follow-up of 55 months. The median OS for patients with HAI (n = 785) was 67 months versus 44 months without HAI (n = 1,583; P < .001), despite more advanced disease in the HAI group. OS at 10 years was 38.0% versus 23.8% without HAI. For patients who received modern systemic chemotherapy (n = 1,442), the median OS was 67 months with HAI and 47 months without HAI ( P < .001). The hazard ratio adjusted by propensity score demonstrated longer OS with HAI: 0.67 (95% CI, 0.59 to 0.76; P < .001). A pronounced difference in median OS was found for patients with node-negative colorectal cancer (129 months with HAI v 51 months without; P < .001) and a low clinical risk score of 0 to 2 points (89 months with HAI v 53 months without; P < .001). Conclusion Patients who received HAI had a median OS of approximately 2 years longer than patients without HAI. The strong association was independent of the use of modern systemic chemotherapy and remained in propensity score analysis. Patients with node-negative primary tumors or a low clinical risk score seemed to benefit most from HAI.
Customer Acquisition via Display Advertising Using Multi-Armed Bandit Experiments
Authors: Schwartz Eric M. , Bradlow Eric T. , Fader Peter S. 
Published: April 2017

Firms using online advertising regularly run experiments with multiple versions of their ads since they are uncertain about which ones are most effective. During a campaign, firms try to adapt to intermediate results of their tests, optimizing what they earn while learning about their ads. Yet how should they decide what percentage of impressions to allocate to each ad? This paper answers that question, resolving the well-known “learn-and-earn” trade-off using multi-armed bandit (MAB) methods. The online advertiser’s MAB problem, however, contains particular challenges, such as a hierarchical structure (ads within a website), attributes of actions (creative elements of an ad), and batched decisions (millions of impressions at a time), that are not fully accommodated by existing MAB methods. Our approach captures how the impact of observable ad attributes on ad effectiveness differs by website in unobserved ways, and our policy generates allocations of impressions that can be used in practice. We implemented this policy in a live field experiment delivering over 750 million ad impressions in an online display campaign with a large retail bank. Over the course of two months, our policy achieved an 8% improvement in the customer acquisition rate, relative to a control policy, without any additional costs to the bank. Beyond the actual experiment, we performed counterfactual simulations to evaluate a range of alternative model specifications and allocation rules in MAB policies. Finally, we show that customer acquisition would decrease by about 10% if the firm were to optimize click-through rates instead of conversion directly, a finding that has implications for understanding the marketing funnel.Data is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2016.1023 .
Chemical Composition of the RS CVn-Type Star Lambda Andromedae
Authors: Tautvaišienė G. , Barisevičius G. , Berdyugina S. , Chorniy Y. , Ilyin I. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPhotospheric parameters and chemical composition are determined for the single-lined chromospherically active RS CVn-type star λ And (HD 222107). From the high resolution spectra obtained on the Nordic Optical Telescope, abundances of 22 chemical elements and isotopes, including such key elements as
Learning from Visual Materials: A Psycho-Didactic Experiment
Authors: Svatoš Tomáš , Maněnová Martina 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Introduction: The authors consider a book (as a pedagogical text) a traditional and timeless source of knowledge for many different groups of learners. It is a known fact that textbook authors, teachers, researchers, etc. generally pay more attention to the text part of the book than to its visual materials. However, the latter are just as important in understanding the subject matter and its applications as textual information on the topic.
Methods: The psycho-didactic experiment described in this paper aims to widen the findings about the perception and understanding of visual parts of textbooks for pupils in their first years of schooling. In the paper, a less-known research method based on eye-tracking is presented.
Results: The main results of the research are as follows: According to the findings of the authors, each pupil accepts and understands visual materials individually and this acceptance and understanding of visual materials is influenced by pupils’ personality traits. The research also shows that pupils prefer visual materials that depict reality as accurately as possible.
Conclusions: The research was designed as a case study which could be used for further research of a similar form.
The School Culture Heritage of the Reformation
Authors: Trencsényi László 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
On the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the Reformation, this essay analyses those educational innovations in the history of central European education that were introduced by the Church reform in the 16th century, following these modernizations and their further developments through the spreading of the universal school systems in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Drawing examples from the innovations in the college culture of the period, the author emphasises that those pedagogical values established in the 16th century are not only valid today, but are exemplary from the point of view of contemporary education. From these the author highlights: pupils’ autonomy (in the form of various communities), cooperation with the teachers and school management and the relative pluralism of values.
A new species of Holostrophus (Paraholostrophus) (Coleoptera: Tetratomidae) from central Honshu island, Japan
Authors: Saitȏ Masahiro , Konvička Ondřej 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
A new species, Holostrophus (Paraholostrophus) toyoshimai sp. nov., is described from central Honshu, Japan. The new species is most similar to Holostrophus (Paraholostrophus) orientalis Lewis, 1895, but differs from the latter in morphology of male genitalia and coloration of elytra.
A new record of Spergularia marina (Caryophyllaceae) from southern Poland
Authors: Pliszko Artur 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Spergularia marina, a rare native halophyte and nationally vulnerable species, is reported from a new locality in southern Poland. It was found on 14 September 2016 in Mogilany, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, growing between paving stones at the Zakopianka road. Map of distribution of S. marina in Poland based on the ATPOL cartogram method is provided, and its possible pathways of introduction are discussed.
Philosophie als performative Lebensform – als textuelle Praxis und mehr als textuelle Praxis
Authors: Shusterman Richard 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Although typically identified with discursive practices of writing and oral dialog that have long dominated its practice, philosophy has also asserted itself as something other and more than words; it claimed to be an entire way of life, an art of living dedicated to the pursuit of wisdom (as the word “philosophia” implies). After showing how discursive and non-discursive dimensions of ancient philosophy were designed to complement each other, this paper explains the reasons why even the basic philosophical task of self-knowledge requires discursive communicative tools. It then explores to what extent and in what ways philosophy can be practiced through non-linguistic means, by considering both Western and Asian sources.
Discovering subjectivity: A subjective world of meanings in the stories of the twilight of life
Authors: Zagórska Wanda 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Pointing to the subjective nature of human life, theorists argue that only in a dialogue with another person does the human disclose meanings important to him or her. The interpretation and analysis of stories with regard to the included subjective meanings included in them as manifestations of human subjectivity seem to be the most effective when undertaken in the hermeneutic approach where psychology and philosophy meet. In the paper advantages of a self-narrative method based on the principles of hermeneutic psychology have been presented. This method has been applied to analyse the stories told by ten persons of senior age and obtained through a narrative interview. This analysis has served to verify the mentioned method, to recognise the respondents′ subjective world of meanings as well as to deepen the reflection on the subjective nature of human life. The exemplary analysis of two out of ten self-narratives obtained in the research have been presented in the article. Similarly to the theoretical reflection included in the text, the research results join the ongoing discussion in contemporary psychology over the legitimacy of the use of qualitative methods.
Brain Functional Asymmetry of Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): the Example of Auditory Laterality
Authors: Szymańska Justyna , Trojan Maciej , Jakucińska Anna , Wejchert Katarzyna , Kapusta Maciej , Sikorska Julia 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify whether chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) demonstrate an auditory laterality during the orientation reaction, and which hemisphere is responsible for processing the emotional stimuli and which for the species-specific vocalizations.
The study involved nine chimpanzees from the Warsaw Municipal Zoological Garden. They were tested individually in their bedrooms. Chimpanzees approached a tube filled with food, located in the centre of the cage. Randomly selected sounds were played from the speakers when the subject was focused on getting food. Individual reactions were observed and outcomes reported. The four types of sound used: thunderstorm, dog barking, chimpanzee vocalization and a zookeeper’s voice.
To test whether chimpanzees demonstrate auditory laterality we used a single sample X2 test. The existence of auditory laterality has been confirmed. The sound of the storm caused the orientation reaction to the left, while chimpanzee vocalization - to the right. On this basis we can conclude that among chimpanzees, arousing stimuli are being processed by the right hemisphere, and species-specific vocalizations by the left. However, the set of stimuli was limited so the study did not unequivocally resolve this issue.
Ideological Inconsistencies on the Left and Right as a Product of Coherence of Preferences for Values. The Case of Poland
Authors: Radkiewicz Piotr 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The terms ‘left’ and ‘right’ cannot describe two extremes of a single ideological dimension. Instead, a bi-dimensional model including socio-cultural and socio-economic facets of leftism/rightism is postulated. Several studies conducted in the USA and Western Europe show a relative coherence of left-wing and right-wing orientation regarding both dimensions, whereas very diverse patterns can be found in the countries of Eastern Europe. In Poland cultural and economic leftism-rightism seem to be clearly negatively related. The general hypothesis in this paper claims that such ideological inconsistency is a product of coherence at the level of preferences for values, i.e. covariance within individualistic (Openness to change and Self-enhancement) as well as within collectivist values (Conservation and Self-transcendence). Based on a survey study (N = 750) conducted on a representative sample of Poles, it was shown that preferences for values made up two distinct dimensions: Openness to change vs Conservation, and Self-enhancement vs Self-transcendence. They are positively related but have fundamentally different relationships with political self-identification and ideology.
Trigonocephaly – Our Experience and Treatment in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Mircevsk Vladimir , Zogovska Elizabeta , Chaparoski Aleksandar , Micunovic Mile , Filipce Venko , Mirchevski Mirko Mishel , Kostov Milenko , Мicunovic Ljubica 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntroduction: Prematurely fused metopic suture results in developmental anomaly named trigonocephaly. The treatment of trigonocephaly is a surgical reconstruction, starting from the simple suturectomy toward the complicated cranial vault reconstructions with aim to obtain enough endocranial space for normal development of the brain and aesthetic correction as well.The aim: The aim of our paper is to present our experience on this pathology in the Republic of Macedonia, stressing the trigonocephaly as one of the rare forms of craniosynostosis.Our material: During a period of 20 years (from 1996 to 2015) at the Pediatric department of the Clinic for Neurosurgery in Skopje, we observed 18 babies with trigonocephaly, including one with Carpenter syndrome and trigonocephaly, 14 males and 4 females. All children had simple trigonocephaly, one had syndromic trigonocephaly (Carpenter’s syndrome). According to Oi and Matsumoto classification done in 19865severe trigonocephaly is observed in 11 cases and, moderate trigonocephaly in 7 cases.Our method: Our treatment consisted of slightly modified Di Rocco’s3surgical procedure named “shell” operation, adding transposition of the “bone flap”.Results: The postoperative period was uneventful except for the expected forehead swelling. The babies were discharged from the hospital on average at the 8thpostoperative day. At the three months control after the surgery, the head had excellent aesthetic appearance, with regular psychomotor development according to the age of the patient (Fig 3а and 3b). We had no serious complications except the expected postoperative swelling of the forehead. All operated children had excellent “long term” aesthetic effect and normal psychomotor development.Conclusion: The early recognition of these anomalies including all craniosynostoses, the deformities of the newborn and infant’s head and the preventive operative reconstruction would prevent abnormal disturbance of the psychomotor development during the child’s growth. The multidisciplinary approach can prevent new disabled individuals in the society. Our technique allows shortening the entire surgical procedure, especially in the departments where blood saving devices are not available.
Semiotics of visual evidence in law
Authors: Verenich Vadim 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe evaluation of visual aspects of law has had a profound influence in the last decade in specific fields of legal sciences (i. e., criminology, studies of legal evidence), focusing on the extent to which visual evidence (visual patterns, images, diagrams, and symbols) underpin what and how we can perceive different types of legal evidence, and how the difference in perception affects the manipulation of visual evidence in practice. Taking the recent development in the field of legal evidence seriously, we could claim that the visual communication in law is above all a means of communicating and understanding different types of visual evidence. In general terms, visual exhibits (symbols, images, graphs, photographs, etc.) have the potential to convey more complex meanings and often represent concepts that are challenging to articulate explicitly in more conventional verbal forms of evidence, due to their complexity or lack of specificity. The purpose of this paper is to define the nature and properties of visual aids from a semiotic perspective Visual semiotics offers exceptionally thorough analytical tools for the detailed and nuanced study of visual legal evidence in the courts. In the final part of the paper we’ll illustrate the application of semiotic analysis for evaluating the rules of evidence in the Estonian legal system.
Objektive Bedeutungsstruktur und latente Sinnstruktur
Authors: Loer Thomas 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ein systematischer Unterschied zwischen der Rekonstruktion der Bedeutung derselben Äußerung an zwei verschiedenen Sequenzstellen gab Anlass, seine begriffliche Fassung zu erarbeiten. In der Objektiven Hermeneutik scheint mit der Gegenüberstellung von ‚objektiver Bedeutungsstruktur‘ und ‚latenter Sinnstruktur‘ ein terminologischer Vorschlag hierfür vorzuliegen. Dieser ruft jedoch aufgrund seiner Komplexität – er amalgamiert drei verschiedene Oppositionen – Irritationen hervor. Der Beitrag skizziert zunächst die Verwendung der von Ulrich Oevermann eingeführten Termini, sodann wird anhand einer materialen Analyse das Klärungsproblem herausgestellt; schließlich wird mit Bezug auf Freges Unterscheidung von Bedeutung und Sinn ein Vorschlag zur begrifflichen und terminologischen Fassung des Unterschieds gemacht. Der begriffliche Unterschied von (a) manifester und latenter Bedeutung, (b) objektiv regelkonstitutierter und subjektiv gemeinter Bedeutung und schließlich (c) objektiver Sinnstruktur einer Äußerung und ihrer umfassenden objektiven Bedeutungsstruktur kann ohne die Konfundierung in der titelgebenden Unterscheidung terminologisch gefasst werden.