bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mandibular and glenoid fossa changes after bone-anchored maxillary protraction therapy in patients with UCLP: A 3-D preliminary assessment
Authors: Yatabe Marilia , Garib Daniela , Faco Renato , de Clerck Hugo , Souki Bernardo , Janson Guilherme , Nguyen Tung , Cevidanes Lucia , Ruellas Antonio 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To assess mandibular and glenoid fossa (GF) changes after bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) therapy in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP).

Materials and Methods:
The cleft group (CG) comprised 19 patients with (mean initial age of 11.8 years). The noncleft group (NCG) comprised 24 patients without clefts (mean initial age of 11.7 years). Both groups had Class III malocclusion and were treated with BAMP therapy for 18 and 12 months, respectively. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) exams were performed before and after treatment and superimposed on the anterior cranial fossa (ACF). Mandibular rotations and three-dimensional linear displacements of the mandible and GF were quantified. A t-test corrected for multiple testing (Holm-Bonferroni method) and a paired t-test were used to compare, respectively, the CG and NCG and cleft vs noncleft sides (P &lt; .05).

Results:
Immediately after active treatment, the GF was displaced posteriorly and laterally in both groups relative to the ACF. The overall GF changes in the CG were significantly smaller than in the NCG. Condylar displacement was similar in both groups, following a posterior and lateral direction. The gonial angle was displaced similarly posteriorly, laterally, and inferiorly in both groups. The intercondylar line rotated in opposite directions in the CG and NCG groups. In the CG, most changes of the GF and mandible were symmetrical.

Conclusions:
Overall GF and mandibular changes after BAMP therapy were similar in patients with and without clefts. The exception was the posterior remodeling of the GF that was slightly smaller in patients with UCLP.
Efficacy of intravenous administration of hyaluronan, sodium chondroitin sulfate, and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine for prevention or treatment of osteoarthritis in horses
Authors: Frisbie David D. , McIlwraith C. Wayne , Kawcak Christopher E. , Werpy Natasha M. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of IV administration of a product containing hyaluronan, sodium chondroitin sulfate, and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine for prevention or treatment of osteoarthritis in horses.
ANIMALS 32 healthy 2- to 5-year-old horses.
PROCEDURES The study involved 2 portions. To evaluate prophylactic efficacy of the test product, horses received 5 mL of the product (n = 8) or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (8; placebo) IV every fifth day, starting on day 0 (when osteoarthritis was induced in the middle carpal joint of 1 forelimb) and ending on day 70. To evaluate treatment efficacy, horses received either the product or placebo (n = 8/treatment) on days 16, 23, 30, 37, and 44 after osteoarthritis induction. Clinical, diagnostic imaging, synovial fluid, gross anatomic, and histologic evaluations and other tests were performed. Results of each study portion were compared between treatment groups.
RESULTS Limb flexion and radiographic findings were significantly worse for horses that received the test product in the prophylactic efficacy portion than for placebo-treated horses or product-treated horses in the treatment efficacy portion. In the prophylactic efficacy portion, significantly less articular cartilage erosion was identified in product-treated versus placebo-treated horses. In the treatment efficacy portion, joints of product-treated horses had a greater degree of bone edema identified via MRI than did joints of placebo-treated horses but fewer microscopic articular cartilage abnormalities.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that caution should be used when administering the evaluated product IV to horses, particularly when administering it prophylactically, as it may have no benefit or may even cause harm.
An attempt to detect lameness in galloping horses by use of body-mounted inertial sensors
Authors: Lopes Marco A. F. , Dearo Antonio C. O. , Lee Allen , Reed Shannon K. , Kramer Joanne , Pai P. Frank , Yonezawa Yoshiharu , Maki Hiromitchi , Morgan Terry L. , Wilson David A. , Keegan Kevin G. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate head, pelvic, and limb movement to detect lameness in galloping horses.
ANIMALS 12 Thoroughbreds.
PROCEDURES Movement data were collected with inertial sensors mounted on the head, pelvis, and limbs of horses trotting and galloping in a straight line before and after induction of forelimb and hind limb lameness by use of sole pressure. Successful induction of lameness was determined by measurement of asymmetric vertical head and pelvic movement during trotting. Differences in gallop strides before and after induction of lameness were evaluated with paired-sample statistical analysis and neural network training and testing. Variables included maximum, minimum, range, and time indices of vertical head and pelvic acceleration, head rotation in the sagittal plane, pelvic rotation in the frontal plane, limb contact intervals, stride durations, and limb lead preference. Difference between median standardized gallop strides for each limb lead before and after induction of lameness was calculated as the sum of squared differences at each time index and assessed with a 2-way ANOVA.
RESULTS Head and pelvic acceleration and rotation, limb timing, stride duration measurements, and limb lead preference during galloping were not significantly different before and after induction of lameness in the forelimb or hind limb. Differences between limb leads before induction of lameness were similar to or greater than differences within limb leads before and after lameness induction.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Galloping horses maintained asymmetry of head, pelvic, and limb motion between limb leads that was unrelated to lameness.
Expression of T helper cell–associated inflammatory mediator mRNAs in cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples and oxygen concentration in arterial blood samples from healthy horses exposed to hyperbaric oxygen
Authors: Looijen Maty G. P. , New Dallas J. , Fischer Carrie D. , Dardari Rkia , Irwin Karyn M. , Berezowski Christopher J. , Bond Stephanie L. , Léguillette Renaud 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the mRNA expression of T helper (Th)1, Th2, and Th17 cell–associated inflammatory mediators in cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples collected from healthy horses exposed to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and to monitor blood oxygen concentration during and following HBO therapy.
ANIMALS 8 healthy horses.
PROCEDURES In a randomized controlled crossover design study, each horse was exposed (beginning day 1) to 100% oxygen at a maximum of 3 atmospheres absolute (304 kPa) daily for 10 days or ambient air at atmospheric pressure in the HBO chamber for an equivalent amount of time (control). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected on days 0 and 10. After validation of candidate reference genes, relative mRNA expressions of various innate inflammatory, Th1 cell–derived, Th2 cell–derived (including eotaxin-2), Th17 cell–derived, and regulatory cytokines were measured by quantitative PCR assays. For 3 horses, arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis during a separate HBO session.
RESULTS The optimal combination of reference genes was glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, hypoxanthine ribosyltransferase, and ribosomal protein L32. Compared with day 0 findings, expression of eotaxin-2 mRNA was significantly lower (0.12-fold reduction) and the percentage of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples was significantly lower on day 10 when horses received HBO therapy. Values of Pao2 rapidly increased (> 800 mm Hg) but immediately decreased to pretreatment values when HBO sessions ended.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that HBO therapy does not increase mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, but reduces eotaxin-2 mRNA transcription. The Pao2 increase was transient with no cumulative effects of HBO.
Generation of pure cultures of autologous Schwann cells by use of biopsy specimens of the dorsal cutaneous branches of the cervical nerves of young adult dogs
Authors: Lim Ji-Hey , Olby Natasha J. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify an optimal technique for isolation, purification, and amplification of Schwann cells (SCs) from biopsy specimens of the dorsal cutaneous branches of the cervical nerves of dogs.
SAMPLE Biopsy specimens of dorsal cervical cutaneous nerves from the cadavers of three 1- to 2-year-old dogs.
PROCEDURES Nerve specimens were dissected, predegenerated, and dissociated to isolate single cells. After culture to enhance SC growth, cells were immunopurified by use of magnetic beads. Cell purity was evaluated by assessing expression of cell surface antigens p75 (to detect SCs) and CD90 (to detect fibroblasts). Effects of various concentrations of recombinant human glial growth factor 2 (rhGGF2) on SC proliferation were tested. Cell doubling time was assessed in SC cultures with selected concentrations of rhGGF2.
RESULTS Mean ± SD wet weight of nerve fascicles obtained from the biopsy specimens was 16.8 ± 2.8 mg. A mean predegeneration period of 8.6 days yielded approximately 6,000 cells/mg of nerve tissue, and primary culture yielded 43,000 cells/mg of nerve tissue in a mean of 11 days, of which 39.9 ± 9.1% expressed p75. Immunopurification with magnetic beads yielded a mean of 85.4 ± 1.9% p75-positive cells. Two passages of subculture with 10μM cytosine arabinoside further enhanced SC purity to a mean of 97.8 ± 1.2% p75-positive cells. Finally, rhGGF2 supplementation at a range of 40 to 100 ng/mL increased the SC proliferation rate up to 3-fold.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE SCs could be cultured from biopsy specimens of dorsal cervical cutaneous nerves and purified and expanded to generate adequate numbers for autologous transplants to treat dogs with spinal cord and peripheral nerve injuries.
Effect of Fetal Calf Serum and Mid Estrus Cow Serum on In Vitro Maturation and Fertilization of Oocytes from Crossbred Cattle in the Tropics
Authors: Vettical Binoy S 
Published: September 2016

The objective of the study was to examine the effect of fetal calf serum (FCS) and mid estrus cow serum (ECS) in culture media on in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of oocytes from crossbred cattle in the tropics. Oocytes from abattoir ovaries were cultured in three different maturation media at 39oC temperature, 5% CO2 tension with maximum humidity for 24 h. TCM-199 containing 25mM HEPES, 1mM glutamine L, 2.2mg/mL sodium bicarbonate, antibiotics, 22 µg/mL pyruvate, 1µg/mL estradiol-17β, 0.5µg/mL FSH and 0.06 IU hCG without serum supplement used as treatment-1 and the above media were further supplemented with 10% FCS as treatment-2. In treatment-3, instead of 10% FCS, 20% heat inactivated ECS (serum collected in mid estrum) was used as serum supplement. Oocytes with maximum degree of cumulus expansion were selected as matured and used for further IVF studies using frozen semen. The IVF medium consisted of Fert-TALP medium supplemented with 1µM epinephrine, 10µM hypotaurine, 20µM pencillamine and 0.56µg/ml heparin. Culture conditions set for IVF were 39oC temperature, 5% CO2 tension with maximum humidity. Oocytes showing sperm penetration evidence like presence of enlarged sperm head, male pronuclei with its accompanying sperm tail in the cytoplasm, oocytes with two pronuclei and a clear second polar body but without a sperm tail were considered as fertilized. Significantly higher result of cumulus expansion percentage (p< 0.05) was observed when oocytes matured in media supplemented with FCS as compared to other two treatments. There was no influence of source of serum in maturation media on further IVF of matured oocytes in this study. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 308-310
Assistive Technology for Cognition and Health-related Quality of Life in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: van Walsem Marleen R. , Howe Emilie I. , Frich Jan C. , Andelic Nada 
Published: September 2016

Background: Assistive technology for cognition (ATC) can be defined as external devices aimed at supporting cognitive function. Studies in neurological populations suggest that use of ATC is a promising strategy to ameliorate negative effects of cognitive impairment and improve Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL). There is a lack of studies on the effects of ATC in HD. Objective: This study aimed to describe the use of ATC in patients with HD, and to investigate the association between ATC and HRQoL. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study, including eighty-four patients with a clinical HD diagnosis (stages I–V). Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected, including information regarding various aspects of ATC use and an evaluation of cognitive impairment was performed. The Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) Total Functional Capacity scale (TFC) and the EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale were used to evaluate functional ability and HRQoL. Descriptive analyses were conducted to describe ATC use and regression analyses to investigate associations between ATC and HRQoL. Results: Thirty-seven percent of the patients had ATC, and ATC was used most frequently in stages I-III. Information about ATC, needs evaluation and training was provided to 44%, 32.1% and 20.2% respectively. The regression analysis showed a significant association between TFC and HRQoL (β value = –0.564, p = 0.001), but there was no association between ATC and HRQoL. Conclusions: One-third of all patients used ATC, mainly those with mild to moderate cognitive impairment (stage I –III). No association between ATC and HRQoL was found. More research is needed to investigate effects of ATC in HD.
Wayan Gandera et l’histoire cachée du Gamelan Gong Kebyar
Authors: Tenzer Michael 
Published: September 2016

Wayan Gandera and the Hidden History of Gamelan Gong Kebyar
In 2002 the notorious but celebrated Balinese gamelan drummer and composer Wayan Gandera passed away at the age of 69. His last musical act, months before his death, was by far his most stunning : he taught the members of Çudamani, the dynamic young gamelan collective of Pengosekan – a village close to his own home community of Peliatan – a pair of complex modern compositions that he had confined to the secrecy of his memory for almost 40 years. Why did Gandera keep this extraordinary music to himself for so long, where did the music originate, and was he the only one who knew it ? To answer these questions, this article examines Gandera''s personal story in relation to a series of concentric social and historical circles : his home village, its region, Balinese music institutions and networks of power, and ultimately the international community of Balinese music devotees. Gandera''s trajectory, small and perhaps insignificant in some ways, positioned him at numerous junctures of traditional, state, and international aspects of Balinese culture. Gandera''s story also sheds light on 20th century developments that run counter to the cultural status quo. Finally, it suggests that in terms of their impact on society, the actions of individuals matter at least as much as those of the institutions and cultures within which they function.
From Slave to King: The Role of South Asians in Maritime Southeast Asia (from the late 13th to the late 17th century)
Authors: Perret Daniel 
Published: September 2016

From Slave to King : The Role of South Asians in Maritime Southeast Asia (from the late 13th to the late 17th century).
This study is focused on people coming from South Asia not at all or at least not mainly involved in trade among the various societies of maritime Southeast Asia. One of the main obstacles related to this research is that these individuals and groups can be traced mostly through surviving material evidence or through identifications mentioned by others with all the distortions and uncertainties attached to this kind of sources. A panorama of the main social and occupational settings in which they found a place is presented : slaves, spouses and concubines, warriors, tax collectors, moneylenders, seamen and fishermen, miners and artisans, interpreters, staff and servants, religious proselytizers and leaders, rulers and civil dignitaries. All the coastal areas from Gujarat to Bengal yielded migrants to a greater or lesser extent, along with Ceylon and the Maldives. The Tamil area, Bengal, and Gujarat were probably the most significant suppliers, followed by Ceylon, the Maldives, Orissa and Malabar. Regarding geographical distribution, during the period under consideration South Asians not involved in trade were present from Aceh to Maluku. Even if the demographic weight of this migratory phenomenon is impossible to estimate with precision, I suggest that over one million individuals found their way to maritime Southeast Asia at that time.
1977-2007 : trente années de recherches sur les « fossés en croix » de l’oppidum de Villeneuve-Saint-Germain (Aisne).
Authors: Ruby Pascal , Auxiette Ginette 
Published: September 2016

À l’occasion de la reprise des fouilles sur l’oppidum du second âge du Fer de Villeneuve-Saint-Germain, dans le cadre d’un programme plus spécifiquement axé sur les fossés «en croix » , la première partie présente un historique des recherches archéologiques sur le site depuis le XIX e s. dont il se dégage trois grandes époques, nos recherches pouvant constituer le début d’une quatrième. Au fil des fouilles qui les ont concernés entre 1977 et 1982, les fossés ont progressivement révélé une partie de leurs propriétés, qui ont donné lieu à plusieurs interprétations et reconstitutions que l’on rappelle et commente. Le nouveau programme de recherche part de cet état des connaissances qui a fait émerger des problématiques complémentaires, à l’origine du nouveau programme qui cherche à intégrer dans ses approches la nouvelle superficie estimée pour l’oppidum, soit 100 hectares.
Trois principaux acquis se dégagent des nouvelles fouilles : la mise en évidence d’un cuvelage, dans les fossés, dont les poteaux verticaux, plantés dans la paroi, constituaient le support ; la confirmation de la présence de cloisons transversales, au moins aux extrémités des fossés ; la vérification que le fossé visible en photo aérienne, au nord du méandre, près de la rivière, est bien l’extrémité -à près de 900 m de distance -du fossé exploré en 1981. Les conséquences de ces découvertes pour la compréhension du site dans son ensemble, sont rapidement envisagées. Les comparaisons anciennement proposées entre ces structures si originales et des aménagements d’autres sites sont pour finir réexaminées à la lumière des résultats de ces nouvelles recherches.
Le Paléolithique inférieur et moyen
Authors: Locht Jean Luc , Depaepe Pascal 
Published: September 2016

Entre 1990 et 2002, sur neuf tracés linéaires en Picardie, de nombreuses interventions de terrain ont été réalisées sur des gisements du Paléolithique moyen de plein air. La réalisation systématique de sondages et de fouille a permis l’élaboration d’un cadre chronostratigraphique très détaillé des occupations paléolithiques.
Les fouilles, réalisées sur des superficies importantes, apportent une vision novatrice des occupations de plein
air du Paléolithique moyen.
Un nouveau site mésolithique à Choisy-au-Bac (Oise)
Authors: Paris Clément , Joseph Frédéric , Ducrocq Thierry 
Published: September 2016

Le gisement mésolithique de Choisy-au-Bac " Les Muids" est situé dans la large plaine alluviale de la zone de confluence de l’Oise et de l’Aisne. Deux concentrations de vestiges ont été fouillées. Leur étude a d’abord montré des conditions de conservation relativement médiocres avec une stratigraphie peu développée et des risques élevés de mélanges d’industries. Toutefois, une des deux concentrations semble moins affectée par ces problèmes et s’est prêtée à une étude typo-technologique de l’industrie lithique. Les modalités de débitage sont orientées vers la production de supports laminaires transformés ensuite en armatures. Ces dernières sont faiblement représentées et constituées de pointes à base retouchée et de segments. Cet assemblage microlithique rappelle ceux d’autres sites picards bien calés chronologiquement entre 9100 BP et 8700 BP. Quelques indices et des pierres chauffées orientent vers une halte, probablement courte, consacrée à la réfection des armes de chasses mais aussi à d’autres activités domestiques. La présence d’un autre secteur moins bien conservé et présentant le même spectre microlithique pose également la question de la relation entre ces deux
concentrations.
Population genomics of divergence within an obligate pollination mutualism: Selection maintains differences between Joshua tree species
Authors: Royer Anne M. , Streisfeld Matthew A. , Smith Christopher Irwin 
Published: September 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Speciation is a complex process that can be shaped by many factors, from geographic isolation to interspecific interactions. In Joshua trees, selection from pollinators on style length has been hypothesized to contribute to the maintenance of differentiation between two hybridizing sister species. We used population genomics approaches to measure the extent of genetic differentiation between these species, test whether selection maintains differences between them, and determine whether genetic variants associated with style length show signatures of selection.METHODS:Using restriction‐site‐associated DNA (RAD)‐sequencing, we identified 9516 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the Joshua tree genome. We characterized the genomic composition of trees in a narrow hybrid zone and used genomic scans to search for signatures of selection acting on these SNPs. We used a genome‐wide association study to identify SNPs associated with variation in phenotypic traits, including style length, and asked whether those SNPs were overrepresented among the group under selection.KEY RESULTS:The two species were highly genetically differentiated (FST = 0.25), and hybrids were relatively rare in the hybrid zone. Approximately 20% of SNPs showed evidence of selection maintaining divergence. While SNPs associated with style length were overrepresented among those under selection (P << 0.0001), the same was true for SNPs associated with highly differentiated vegetative traits.CONCLUSIONS:The two species of Joshua tree are clearly genetically distinct, and selection is maintaining differences between them. We found that loci associated with differentiated traits were likely to be under selection. However, many traits other than style length appeared to be under selection. Together with the dearth of intermediate hybrids, these findings reveal that these taxa are more strongly diverged than previously suspected and that selection, likely on many targets, is maintaining separation where the two species meet and hybridize.