bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of oxidative stress biomarkers and bone resorption regulators in apical periodontitis lesions infected by Epstein–Barr virus
Authors: Jakovljevic A. , Andric M. , Nikolic N. , Coric V. , Krezovic S. , Carkic J. , Knezevic A. , Beljic‐Ivanovic K. , Pljesa‐Ercegovac M. , Miletic M. , Soldatovic I. , Radosavljevic T. , Jovanovic T. , Simic T. , Ivanovic V. , Milasin J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate whether apical periodontitis lesions infected by Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) exhibit higher levels of oxidative stress biomarkers [8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG)] and bone resorption regulators [receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF‐κB) ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG)] compared to EBV‐negative periapical lesions and healthy pulp tissues.MethodologyThe experimental group consisted of 30 EBV‐positive and 30 EBV‐negative periapical lesions collected in conjunction with apicoectomy. The pulp tissues of 20 impacted third molars were used as healthy controls. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of EBV was performed by nested and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. The levels of RANKL and OPG were analysed by reverse transcriptase real‐time PCR. The levels of 8‐OHdG and GSSG were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mann–Whitney U‐test and Spearman's correlation were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe levels of RANKL, OPG, 8‐OHdG and GSSG were significantly higher in apical periodontitis lesions compared to healthy pulp controls (P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). RANKL and OPG mRNA expression was significantly higher in EBV‐positive compared to EBV‐negative periapical lesions (P < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between EBV copy numbers and levels of RANKL, OPG, 8OH‐dG and GSSG in apical periodontitis.ConclusionLevels of bone resorption regulators and oxidative stress biomarkers were increased in apical periodontitis compared to healthy pulp tissues. EBV‐positive periapical lesions exhibited higher levels of RANKL and OPG compared to EBV‐negative periapical lesions. EBV may contribute to progression of apical periodontitis via enhanced production of bone resorption regulators.
In situ TiC particle reinforced TiCuZrNi brazing alloy for joining C/C composites to Ti6Al4V
Authors: Song Xinrui , Li Hejun , Casalegno Valentina , Salvo Milena , Ferraris Monica , Zeng Xierong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractChromium carbide modified C/C and Ti6Al4V were successfully joined using a TiCuZrNi brazing alloy in powder form. The braze/composite interface and the mechanical strength of C/C‐Ti6Al4V joints were evaluated. The apparent shear strength of chromium carbide modified C/C joined to Ti6Al4V, measured by single lap test in compression, was 52 ± 6 MPa, which was highest among that without chromium carbide modification (15 ± 2 MPa) and the intrinsic C/C shear strength. The fractography of joints without chromium carbide modification indicated that failure mainly occurred at the TiC layer formed at the composite/braze interface while the joints with chromium carbide modification failed within the C/C.
Endocytosed soluble cowpox virus protein CPXV012 inhibits antigen cross‐presentation in human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells
Authors: Spel Lotte , Luteijn Rutger D. , Drijfhout Jan W. , Nierkens Stefan , Boes Marianne , Wiertz Emmanuel J.H. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractViruses may interfere with the MHC class I antigen presentation pathway in order to avoid CD8+ T cell‐mediated immunity. A key target within this pathway is the peptide transporter TAP. This transporter plays a central role in MHC class I‐mediated peptide presentation of endogenous antigens. In addition, TAP plays a role in antigen cross‐presentation of exogenously derived antigens by dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, a soluble form of the cowpox virus TAP inhibitor CPXV012 is synthesized for exogenous delivery into the antigen cross‐presentation route of human monocyte‐derived (mo)DCs. We show that soluble CPXV012 localizes to TAP+ compartments that carry internalized antigen and is a potent inhibitor of antigen cross‐presentation. CPXV012 stimulates the prolonged deposition of antigen fragments in storage compartments of moDCs, as a result of reduced endosomal acidification and reduced antigen proteolysis when soluble CPXV012 is present. Thus, a dual function can be proposed for CPXV012: inhibition of TAP‐mediated peptide transport and inhibition of endosomal antigen degradation. We propose this second function for soluble CPXV012 can serve to interfere with antigen cross‐presentation in a peptide transport‐independent manner.
Subsets of activated monocytes and markers of inflammation in incipient and progressed multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gjelstrup Mikkel Carstensen , Stilund Morten , Petersen Thor , Møller Holger Jon , Petersen Eva Lykke , Christensen Tove 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune mediated, inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Substantial evidence points toward monocytes and macrophages playing prominent roles early in disease, mediating both pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory responses. Monocytes are subdivided into three subsets depending on the expression of CD14 and CD16, representing different stages of inflammatory activation. To investigate their involvement in MS, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 40 patients with incipient or progressed MS and 20 healthy controls were characterized ex vivo. In MS samples, we demonstrate a highly significant increase in nonclassical monocytes (CD14+CD16++), with a concomitant significant reduction in classical monocytes (CD14++CD16−) compared with healthy controls. Also, a significant reduction in the surface expression of CD40, CD163, and CD192 was found, attributable to the upregulation of the nonclassical monocytes. In addition, significantly increased levels of human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) envelope (Env) epitopes, encoded by both HERV‐H/F and HERV‐W, were specifically found on nonclassical monocytes from patients with MS; emphasizing their involvement in MS disease. In parallel, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were analyzed for soluble biomarkers of inflammation and neurodegeneration. For sCD163 versus CD163, no significant correlations were found, whereas highly significant correlations between levels of soluble neopterine and the intermediate monocyte (CD14++CD16+) population was found, as were correlations between levels of soluble osteopontin and the HERV Env expression on nonclassical monocytes. The results from this study emphasize the relevance of further focus on monocyte subsets, particularly the nonclassical monocytes in monitoring of inflammatory diseases.See also: News and Commentary by Ajami & Steinman
The profile of diabetes healthcare professionals in Indonesia: a scoping review
Authors: Ligita T. , Wicking K. , Harvey N. , Mills J. 
Published: January 2018

AimTo explore and synthesize evidence of the literature about healthcare professionals involved in the provision of diabetes management within an Indonesian context.BackgroundIndonesia is challenged to control the major burden of diabetes prevalence rate that requires a multidimensional approach with the aim to optimize existing health services by involving healthcare professionals who can promote access and provide diabetes management.MethodsThis literature review, which is integrated with a scoping study framework, used the electronic databases including CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science to locate papers particular to the Indonesian context. From the total of 568 papers found, 20 papers were selected.ResultsThe literature review identified physicians, nurses, pharmacists, dieticians and diabetes educators as the providers of diabetes care and management in Indonesia. Collaborative management involving either interdisciplinary or intradisciplinary teams was mentioned in several papers. Internal challenges included limited skills and knowledge. External challenges included high patient volumes; a shortage of healthcare professionals and reduced funding.ConclusionsOvercoming the challenges cannot be undertaken with a workforce dominated by any one single healthcare professional. Coordinating with the government to improve the implementation of different roles in diabetes management will improve patient outcomes and thus reduce the burden of diabetes.Implication for nursing and health policyHealth policy reform should support nurses and other healthcare professionals in their professional development at all levels of health care. Policy makers can use the review findings to modify the current healthcare system to address key issues in workforce development; funding for services and medications; and fostering multidisciplinary care for diabetes management.
Rapid induction of small heat shock proteins improves physiological adaptation to high temperature stress in peanut
Authors: Chakraborty K. , Bishi S. K. , Singh A. L. , Zala P. V. , Mahatma M. K. , Kalariya K. A. , Jat R. A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWith the changing climatic scenario and increasing global mean temperature, heat stress became a major limiting factor for today's agriculture. To identify the underlying mechanism associated with heat tolerance in peanut, two experiments (field and growth chamber) were conducted with four genotypes (ICGS 44, GG 7, AK 159 and DRG 1) having differential high temperature stress sensitivity. Field grown plants under three different temperature (D1, D2 and D3) regimes simulated three temperature treatment effects with a variability of 3–4/4–5°C in mean day/night temperature, respectively. In growth chamber, imposition of heat shock (10°C above ambient inside growth chamber) revealed not only rapid induction (within 0.5 hr) of HSPs, especially small HSPs (HSP 17, HSP 40) in tolerant genotypes, but also its sustenance for longer duration (2 hr), which might help them to have better physiological adaptation strategies under high temperature stress. This was evident from significant advancement in phenophases observed with increase in temperature by 15–18 days at physiological maturity, while pollen viability and membrane stability reduced below 50% and 41%, respectively in DRG 1 with increase in mean day/night temperature. Maintenance of higher photosynthesis and transpiration rate and stomatal conductance helped the tolerant genotype ICGS 44 to keep relatively cooler canopy and higher photosynthates, ensuring better physiological condition in this genotype under heat stress. Significant increase (~2.5‐fold) in inositol and hexoses (glucose and fructose) content and reduction (>50%) in sucrose content in leaf tissues indicated degradation of storage carbohydrates for improved osmotic adjustment especially in tolerant genotypes under elevated temperature.
Controllable wear behaviors of silicon nitride sliding against sintered polycrystalline diamond via altering humidity
Authors: Qin Wenbo , Yue Wen , Wang Chengbiao 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe tribological behaviors of silicon nitride (Si3N4) sliding against sintered polycrystalline diamond (PCD) were investigated by varying the relative humidity (RH) in the testing atmosphere. The results indicated that higher RH corresponds to higher wear loss of Si3N4 and the wear loss of PCD almost fell close to zero. Especially in the case of 85% RH, both a maximum wear loss of Si3N4 and a maximum friction coefficient were achieved. In addition, this study revealed insights into the interface chemistry effects on the wear behavior of Si3N4 under humidity. When water molecules were introduced into the testing atmosphere, the hydrolysis reaction occurred on the Si3N4 surface with the formation of the Si‐O‐Si bond across the sliding interface. And then, the hydration reaction dominated the process, during which Si‐OH was formed through the bond fracture of the Si‐O‐Si. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the ratios of Si‐OH/Si‐O and Si‐N/Si‐OH+Si‐O bonds increased as the relative RH levels increased. As a consequence, the wear loss of Si3N4 significantly increased. Thus, due to the hydrolysis and hydration reactions, the tribological behaviors of Si3N4 against sintered polycrystalline diamond can be essentially controlled via varying RH levels.
Synthesis and color properties of the TiO2@CoAl2O4 blue pigments with low cobalt content applied in ceramic glaze
Authors: He Xuanmeng , Wang Fen , Liu Hui , Niu Lijun , Wang Xinzhen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe TiO2@CoAl2O4 complex blue pigments with low cobalt content were synthesized through calcinations of the precursor obtained from coprecipitating Co2+ and Al3+ to form Co‐Al LDHs (layered double hydroxides) on the surface of TiO2 particles. The structure and the properties of the synthesized pigments were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, UV‐Vis spectroscopy, XPS, and colorimeter. The precursors of the blue TiO2@CoAl2O4 complex pigments were consisted of LDHs shell layer encapsulated TiO2 microsphere. After calcinations at 1100°C, the LDHs shell layer were absolutely transformed to the spinel CoAl2O4, and the pigments presented a core‐shell structure and uniform sphere morphology (the diameter of microsphere was about 780 nm). The absorption bands at around 547, 584, and 624 nm in the Uv‐Vis absorption spectra of the TiO2@CoAl2O4 complex pigments were corresponded to the characteristic absorption bands of the spinel CoAl2O4, revealed the pigments with a bright blue hue. In addition, as the mass ratio of CoAl2O4/TiO2 increased to 0.4, the blue component of the pigments reached to 27.89 and slight color variation with the increase in the CoAl2O4 content in a range, possessed low cobalt content and exhibited a stabile performance in commercial low‐temperature ceramic glazes. The XGT results showed that the TiO2@CoAl2O4 complex pigments with low cobalt content presented bright color in ceramic glaze. Especially, the synthesized pigments reduced the usage and toxicity of cobalt, which were efficiency for economy and environmental protection.
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the Co/Fe codoped Aurivillius oxide with different perovskite layer number
Authors: Gu Wen , Li Xiaoning , Sun Shujie , Zhu Liuyang , Fu Zhengping , Lu Yalin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPerpendicular magnetic anisotropic materials are of great interest for their huge potential to realize high‐density nonvolatile memory and logic chips. Designing such materials with lower cost and better magnetoelectric coupling still remains major challenges. In this work, aurivillius oxide ceramics with highly [00l]‐oriented grains were prepared by a facile pressureless sintering method, and the perovskite layer number was modified by varying the cobalt content. Afterwards, the unique perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and the intriguing anisotropic ferroelectric properties have been observed. The magnetic properties of the Aurivillius oxides with different layer numbers have been carefully investigated by field cooling, zero field cooling, and the magnetization with a varying field. The magnetic anisotropy in the oriented ceramics is demonstrated to be caused by the magnetocrystalline anisotropy with the easy magnetization direction along the c‐axis, which possibly arises from the unquenched 3d orbitals combined with the special layered crystal structures. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy becomes weaker in the ceramics with lower numbered perovskite layers, whereas the orientation degree of the ceramics and the ferroelectric anisotropy show quite opposite trends. Furthermore, the weak magnetoelectric coupling is also observed in the ceramics. This special anisotropic multiferroic properties may open up a new window for the Aurivillius materials.
What is a fair amount of executive compensation? Outrage potential of two key stakeholder groups
Authors: Arnold Markus C. , Grasser Robert 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe public discussion of executive compensation often centres on ‘fair’ and ‘unfair’ amounts and the public outrage over compensation that is deemed too high. The academic literature states that such outrage can lead to outrage costs, pressuring firms to adjust compensation levels. However, it is unclear what a ‘fair’ compensation is for various stakeholders and how their fairness concerns relate to outrage constraints. Based on surveys among two key stakeholder groups (representative eligible voters and investment professionals), we provide evidence that fairness is an important criterion for both groups but that opinions on how large a fair compensation amount should be are widely dispersed. Moreover, personality traits systematically influence fairness opinions through self‐serving interpretations of distributive justice and personal risk attitudes, indicating that a ‘fair’ amount of executive compensation may strongly depend on the involved stakeholders. Investigating thresholds for outrage, i.e., amounts above which compensation is judged ‘unfairly’ high, we show that even though investment professionals care for fairness as well, ‘capital market outrage’ might not equate to ‘public outrage’. Our paper contributes to the literature on outrage constraints by linking individual fairness concerns to outrage potential and has implications for transparency of executive compensation and research on shareholder activism.
REduction of THRomboembolic EVents during Ablation using the laserballoon: The RETHREVA registry
Authors: Eichenlaub Martin , Pfeufer Arne , Behrens Lars , Klauss Volker , Roettinger Michael , Brodherr Turgut , Lewalter Thorsten 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntroductionCerebral events (CEs), including silent (SCEs), are a known complication of left atrial catheter ablation (LACA) in patients with atrial fibrillation. The aim of this prospective registry was to gain more information about CEs during laserballoon LACA and to reduce the risk of their occurrence.Methods and resultsWe enrolled 74 patients (age 61 ± 11 years; 74% male; CHA2DS2‐VASc 1.9 ± 1.4).Cerebral MRI (1.5 Tesla) was performed to detect CEs. ASPItest identified aspirin‐resistant patients (ARPs). All bleeding complications were recorded.Due to an initial high CE rate, we evolved our clinical procedure step‐by‐step arriving at an optimized protocol:
Group 1: heparin after single transseptal puncture (TP), activated clotting time (ACT) > 300 seconds (CE: 64.3%).
Group 2: heparin after double TP, ACT > 300 seconds; 2a without (CE: 45.5%, RRR: −29.2%) and 2b with additional intravenous aspirin (CE: 36.4%, RRR: −43.4%; excluding ARP: 30%, RRR: −53.3%).
Group 3: heparin before double TP, ACT > 350 seconds; 3a without (CE: 54.5%, RRR: −15.2%) and 3b with aspirin (CE: 18.5%, RRR: −71.2%; excluding ARP: 8.7%, RRR: −86.5%).
Larger LA diameter > 44 mm (OR: 1.149, P = 0.005) and no aspirin use (OR: 4.308, P = 0.008) were CE risk factors in multivariate logistic regression. In those patients receiving aspirin, aspirin resistance (OR: 22.4, P = 0.011) was an exceptionally strong risk factor.ConclusionThese data support the use of intravenous aspirin including monitoring of aspirin resistance in addition to ACT‐guided heparin. An optimized protocol of heparin before TP, double TP, and intravenous aspirin in non‐ARP resulted in a significantly lowered CE incidence and severity.
Measure Accurately, Act Rapidly, and Partner With Patients (MAP) improves hypertension control in medically underserved patients: Care Coordination Institute and American Medical Association Hypertension Control Project Pilot Study results
Authors: Hanlin Robert B. , Asif Irfan M. , Wozniak Gregory , Sutherland Susan E. , Shah Bijal , Yang Jianing , Davis Robert A. , Bryan Sean T. , Rakotz Michael , Egan Brent M. 
Published: January 2018

Measure Accurately, Act Rapidly, and Partner With Patients (MAP) is an evidence‐based protocol implemented to improve hypertension control in a clinic for underserved patients (49.9% Medicaid and 50.2% black). Patients with hypertension seen during the year before intervention and with at least one visit during the 6‐month intervention (N = 714) were included. If initial attended blood pressure (BP; standard aneroid manometer) was ≥140/≥90 mm Hg, unattended automated office BP was measured in triplicate and averaged (Measure Accurately) using an Omron HEM‐907XL. When automated office BP was ≥140/≥90 mm Hg, Act Rapidly included intensification of antihypertensive medications, assessed by therapeutic inertia. Partner With Patients included BP self‐monitoring, reducing pill burden, and minimizing medication costs, which was assessed by systolic BP change per therapeutic intensification. Between baseline and the last study visit, BP control to <140/<90 mm Hg increased from 61.2% to 89.9% (P < .0001). MAP rapidly and significantly improved hypertension control in medically underserved patients, largely as a result of measuring BP accurately and partnering with patients.
Organ damage changes in patients with resistant hypertension randomized to renal denervation or spironolactone: The DENERVHTA (Denervación en Hipertensión Arterial) study
Authors: Oliveras Anna , Armario Pedro , Sans Laia , Clarà Albert , Vázquez Susana , Molina Luis , Pareja Júlia , de la Sierra Alejandro , Pascual Julio 
Published: January 2018

Renal denervation and spironolactone have both been proposed for the treatment of resistant hypertension, but their effects on preclinical target organ damage have not been compared. Twenty‐four patients with 24‐hour systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg despite receiving three or more full‐dose antihypertensive drugs, one a diuretic, were randomized to receive spironolactone or renal denervation. Changes in 24‐hour blood pressure, urine albumin excretion, arterial stiffness, carotid intima‐media thickness, and left ventricular mass index were evaluated at 6 months. Mean baseline‐adjusted difference between the two groups (spironolactone vs renal denervation) at 6 months in 24‐hour systolic blood pressure was −17.9 mm Hg (95% confidence interval [CI], −30.9 to −4.9; P = .01). Mean baseline‐adjusted change in urine albumin excretion was −87.2 (95% CI, −164.5 to −9.9) and −23.8 (95% CI, −104.5 to 56.9), respectively (P = .028). Mean baseline‐adjusted variation of 24‐hour pulse pressure was −13.5 (95% CI, −18.8 to −8.2) and −2.1 (95% CI, −7.9 to 3.7), respectively (P = .006). The correlation of change in 24‐hour systolic blood pressure with change in log‐transformed urine albumin excretion was r = .713 (P < .001). At 6 months there was a reduction in albuminuria in patients with resistant hypertension treated with spironolactone as compared with renal denervation.