bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Research on Graphene‐Based Nano‐Materials: Synthesis, Structure, Dispersibility and Tribological Applications
Authors: Yang Kang , Chen Hongliang , Li Zhenjie , Wang Yaqiong , Li Boliang , Wang Chengyu , Qiu Shuaichao , Chen Fan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent years, graphene‐based nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention because of their excellent physical and chemical properties, such as high strength, high conductivity, high thermal conductivity and excellent lubrication performance. Here, the latest research progress of graphene‐based nanomaterials is reviewed in this paper, and their synthesis method, unique structure, dispersion improvement strategy and wide application in tribology are emphatically discussed. Graphene‐based materials are synthesized by typical chemical vapor deposition and reduced graphene oxide, showing nanoporous structure characteristics and excellent layered structure. Furthermore, through adjusting the chemical structure for the material, the graphene‐based materials with specific lubricating properties can be designed to meet the use requirements under different working conditions. In view of the easy agglomeration of graphene, physical and chemical dispersion methods, such as in‐situ polymerization and functionalization treatment, were introduced, which significantly improved its dispersibility in the matrix. In tribology, graphene‐based nanocomposites present the excellent anti‐friction and anti‐wear properties, which effectively reduce the coefficient of friction and prolong the service life of materials with forming the stable lubricating films. The summary for graphene‐based materials provides theoretical basis and technical support for applications in high‐end manufacturing, energy storage, and protective coatings.
Radiomics Signatures Based on Computed Tomography for Noninvasive Prediction of CXCL10 Expression and Prognosis in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wang Xiaohua , Xing Yuanyuan , Zhou Xuan , Wang Chunhui , Han Shuyu , Zhao Sufen 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOvarian cancer (OC) is an aggressive gynecological tumor usually diagnosed with malignant ascites and even observed widespread metastasis or distant spread.AimsWe aimed to develop and identify radiomics models according to computed tomography (CT) for preoperative prediction of CXCL10 expression and prognosis in patients with OC.MethodsGenomic data with CT images and corresponding clinicopathological parameters were extracted from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). To analyze the prognosis, we carried out the univariate Cox regression analysis (UCRA), multivariate Cox regression analysis (MCRA), and Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis. For the data reduction, logistic regression, operator regression, least absolute shrinkage selection, radiomic feature construction, and feature selection were utilized. The predictive performance of the radiomic signatures was assessed using the analyses of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve (DCA), and precision‐recall (PR) curve. To evaluate the correlation between the radiomic score (Rad‐score) and CXCL10 expression, the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test was applied.ResultsThree radiomics models effectively predicted CXCL10 expression levels (AUC = 0.791, 0.748, and 0.718 for the set of training; AUC = 0.761, 0.746, and 0.701 for the set of validation). A higher Rad‐score significantly correlated with upregulated CXCL10 expression.ConclusionCXCL10 expression can be predicted noninvasively and preoperatively via radiomic signatures based on contrast‐enhanced CT images.
Nickel‐Nitrogen Doped MnO2 as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst for Aluminum Air Batteries
Authors: He Lizi , Han Ning , Lang Zirui , Wang Meiyang , Wang Yuqin , Li Lishuang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAluminum‐air battery has the advantages of high energy density, low cost and environmental protection, and is considered as an ideal next‐generation energy storage conversion system. However, the slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in air cathode leads to its unsatisfactory performance. Here, we report an electrode made of N and Ni co‐doped MnO2 nanotubes. In alkaline solution, Ni/N‐MnO2 has higher oxygen reduction activity than undoped MnO2, with an initial potential of 1.00 V and a half‐wave potential of 0.75 V. This is because it has abundant defects, high specific surface area and sufficient Mn3+ active sites, which promote the transfer of electrons and oxygen‐containing intermediates. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that MnO2 doped with N and Ni atoms reduces the reaction overpotential and improves the ORR kinetics. The peak power density and energy density of the Ni/N‐MnO2 air electrode increased by 34.03 mW cm−2 and 316.41 mWh g−1, respectively. The results show that N and Ni co‐doped MnO2 nanotubes are a promising air electrode, which can provide some ideas for the research of aluminum‐air batteries.
Potential and challenges of clinical high‐dimensional flow cytometry: A call to action
Authors: Liechti Thomas , Lelios Iva , Schroeder Aaron , Decman Vilma , Gonneau Christele , Groves Christopher , Green Cherie , Alcaide Enrique Gomez 
Published: October 2024

AbstractClinical biomarker strategies increasingly integrate translational research to gain new insights into disease mechanisms or to define better biomarkers in clinical trials. High‐dimensional flow cytometry (HDFCM) holds the promise to enhance the exploratory potential beyond traditional, targeted biomarker strategies. However, the increased complexity of HDFCM poses several challenges, which need to be addressed in order to fully leverage its potential and to align with current regulatory requirements in clinical flow cytometry. These challenges include among others extended timelines for assay development and validation, the necessity for extensive knowledge in HDFCM, and sophisticated data analysis strategies. However, no guidelines exist on how to manage such challenges in adopting clinical HDFCM. Our CYTO 2024 workshop “Potential and challenges of clinical high‐dimensional flow cytometry” aimed to find consensus across the pharmaceutical industry and broader scientific community on the overall benefits and most urgent challenges of HDFCM in clinical trials. Here, we summarize the insights we gained from our workshop. While this report does not provide a blueprint, it is a first step in defining and summarizing the most pressing challenges in implementing HDFCM in clinical trials. Furthermore, we compile current efforts with the goal to overcome some of these challenges. As such we bring the scientific community and health authorities together to build solutions, which will accelerate and simplify the full adoption of HDFCM in clinical trials.
Individual variation in breeding phenology and postnatal development in northern bats (Eptesicus nilssonii)
Authors: Fjelldal Mari Aas , van der Kooij Jeroen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBats inhabiting northern latitudes are faced with short reproductive seasons during which they must produce and rear pups before fattening up in time to survive the winter hibernation. Therefore, the timing of parturition has considerable impacts on future fitness prospects for the mother and pup. However, little is known about individual variation in breeding phenology and its consequences for postnatal development within bat populations. Here, we studied the phenology of breeding in Eptesicus nilssonii across 7 years using data collected by day‐to‐day monitoring of a breeding colony in Norway (60.1° N) for which the identity and age of each mother (N = 8) and pup (N = 28) were known. Using mixed‐effect models, we found that arrival at the colony was influenced by temperature conditions from mid‐April to mid‐May across all females, but that there were strong and consistent individual differences in arrival‐ and parturition time across years. Females generally arrived ~32.1 days before giving birth, but the gestation duration was reduced if females arrived late and prolonged if females left the colony when faced with cold weather conditions. Pups born later in the season were born smaller but had higher growth rates during the most rapid growth period (<10 days old). The within‐individual effects suggest that the higher growth rates could be due to mothers compensating (e.g. through increased food intake) for late parturition rather than by improved food availability. Date of parturition did not influence adult body size in pups. Pups became volant at the earliest only 13.1 days after birth and approached adult flight patterns during their first flight week. Our results suggest that E. nilssonii is highly adapted to a short breeding season by producing large, fast developing and early volant pups, despite the environmental pressures bats face at northern latitudes.
Elevational and Seasonal Patterns of Plant–Hummingbird Interactions in a High Tropical Mountain
Authors: Sentíes‐Aguilar Eugenia M. , Martén‐Rodríguez Silvana , Huerta‐Ramos Guillermo , Díaz‐Infante Sergio , López‐Segoviano Gabriel , Aguirre‐Jaimes Armando , Quesada‐Avendaño Mauricio , Cortés‐Flores Jorge , Arizmendi María del Coro 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTropical mountain ecosystems harbor diverse biological communities, making them valuable models for exploring the factors that shape ecological interactions along environmental gradients. We investigated the spatial and temporal drivers of plant–hummingbird interaction networks across three forest types (pine‐oak, fir, and subalpine) along a tropical high mountain gradient in western Mexico (2400 to 3700 m.a.s.l.). We measured species abundance, diversity, morphology, and interaction frequencies. Plant diversity metrics significantly declined in the highest elevation subalpine forest, whereas hummingbird diversity remained consistent across elevations. Interaction networks were similarly nested across elevations, but they were more specialized in the subalpine forest, where lower plant species richness and higher floral abundance led to greater resource partitioning among hummingbirds. Plant–hummingbird networks were larger and less specialized during the dry season, driven by greater species diversity and abundance. Species turnover explained network variation along the elevational gradient, while interaction rewiring and the arrival of migratory hummingbirds explained changes between seasons. Phenological overlap was the most important driver of the observed variation in interaction frequencies across elevations and seasons. Flower abundance had a minor influence on interaction frequencies at low‐ and mid‐elevation networks, and hummingbird abundance was significant for dry‐ and rainy‐season networks. Morphological matching was significant in the low‐elevation forest and in the dry season. Plant phylogenetic relatedness had negligible effects on interaction patterns, but hummingbird phylogeny influenced feeding preferences in high‐elevation and rainy‐season networks. Our findings highlight the role of species turnover, interaction rewiring, and phenological overlap in structuring plant–hummingbird networks, with specific effects of abundance, morphology, and phylogeny varying with elevation and season. High‐elevation ecosystems play a crucial role as reservoirs of floral resources for both resident and migratory hummingbirds during resource‐scarce periods, emphasizing their importance in maintaining biodiversity in tropical mountain gradients.
Effect of limb position change on capsaicin‐evoked pain: Evidence of interplays between the vascular and nociceptive systems?
Authors: Courtin Arthur S. , Knaepen Clara , Mouraux André , van Neerven Sabien Geraldine Antonia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis experiment aimed at confirming our incidental observation that, when capsaicin is applied on the volar forearm, raising the arm to a vertical position leads to a dramatic increase in capsaicin‐evoked pain and to explore possible underlying mechanisms.MethodsTwenty healthy volunteers received a 2% capsaicin patch on one forearm and a vehicle patch on the other. Patches were kept in place for 60 min. The perception caused by the patch was assessed repeatedly before, during and after patch application, both with the arm in horizontal resting position and raised vertically. In addition, capsaicin‐induced secondary hyperalgesia was assessed using mechanical pinprick stimuli. Half of the participants were seated upright while the other half were lying supine, to assess whether the effect of limb position on capsaicin‐evoked pain was due to gravity.ResultsAfter a few minutes of patch application, raising the capsaicin‐treated arm (but not the vehicle‐treated arm) led to a strong increase of the pain experienced at the patch. This effect of raising the arm did not differ between participants in the supine and seated groups and is therefore likely related to the position of the arm relative to the ground rather than to the body. Mechanical secondary hyperalgesia and the arm raising effect were strongly decorrelated at the last time point after patch removal, indicating different underlying mechanisms.ConclusionOur results indicate that capsaicin‐evoked pain can be strongly modulated by limb posture and that this effect may be caused by an interplay between vascular and nociceptive systems.Significance StatementCapsaicin‐evoked pain can be strongly modulated by limb posture and this effect may be caused by an interplay between vascular and nociceptive systems.
Attitudes towards air quality during outdoor exercise amongst habitual exercisers
Authors: Moloney Scarlett , Black Jane M , Gladwell Valerie , Bury Nic , Devereux Gavin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe effects of air pollution on health outcomes are well‐established. However, little is known about perceptions of air pollution and how it may influence exercise behaviours. The aim of this study was to understand the perceived importance of air pollution during planned exercise, and where relevant, explore how those perceptions may differ between those living in different locations. A questionnaire was disseminated to several running and cycling clubs in the United Kingdom, covering population characteristics to determine urban, rural or coastal residents and exercisers, self‐reported asthma, perceptions of air quality during active travel, planned exercise and attitudes towards learning more about the topic. Anonymised responses were gained from 381 adult participants (≥18 years and 60% female), 119 of whom answered questions related to active travel. More than half (54%) of all respondents think about the air quality they are exposed to during exercise and how it may affect their health. More urban than rural respondents (59% vs. 47% and p = 0.03) think about air quality and the impact it may have on their health when exercising. There were insufficient coastal respondents for direct comparison. Most survey respondents (57%) state that they would take the most severe course of action regarding exercise behaviour by avoiding it altogether during periods of heavy road traffic. Individuals with self‐reported asthma (n = 60), irrespective of place of residence, are the most likely to be conscious of the potential effects of air pollution on their health and exercise performance compared to counterparts without self‐reported asthma.
Eating disorder debut cases during COVID‐19 lockdown in adults. Exploring differences in treatment outcome contrasting with pre‐pandemic onset cases
Authors: Munguía Lucero , Baenas Isabel , Granero Roser , Ohsako Noriaki , Gaspar‐Pérez Anahí , Perales Iván , Rosinska Magda , Sánchez‐Díaz Isabel , Toro Jessica Jiménez‐Del , Sánchez‐González Jessica , Arcelus Jon , Paslakis Georgios , Jiménez‐Murcia Susana , Fernández‐Aranda Fernando 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveDespite an increase in eating disorder (ED) cases during the COVID‐19 pandemic, there are limited longitudinal studies exploring treatment outcomes. The aims of the present study were: (1) to compare the clinical features of patients with EDs whose onset was during the COVID‐19 lockdown (pandemic cohort) against patients with EDs whose onset was prior to the pandemic (pre‐pandemic cohort) and, (2) to compare therapy responses between the cohorts.MethodThe sample consisted of 115 adult women with an ED. N = 37 new ED cases (pandemic cohort) were diagnosed and included in the study during the pandemic (May 2020–May 2021); these patients did not have any previous history of an ED. We also included N = 78 ED cases (pre‐pandemic cohort) diagnosed prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic breakout (prior to March 2020). All ED subtypes were considered in both groups and several clinical variables were assessed.ResultsAt baseline, pandemic cohort reported lower levels of impulsivity and higher emotional regulation capacities than the pre‐pandemic cohort; however, no differences were found in aspects of general psychopathology and ED related severity. Following treatment, the pandemic cohort showed higher rates of good outcome and lower rates of dropouts than the pre‐pandemic cohort.ConclusionsAlthough both cohorts showed similar ED‐related symptoms and general psychopathology scores, treatment outcomes were more favourable in the pandemic cohort.
Similar simulation test of the mechanical properties of layered composite rock mass
Authors: Kang Jichun , Guo Jiayi , Wang Meng , Wei Sijiang , Xin Yajun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMost of the mine roadways in China are located in layered rock mass. To study the mechanical properties of a layered rock mass, the uniaxial compression test was carried out on the layered composite rock mass composed of sand and paraffin. The results showed that the locations of the high‐ and low‐strength rocks were independent of the strength of the layered composite rock. The main failure site was not affected by the combination mode. Failure was mainly concentrated in the low‐strength rock. The strengths of low‐ and high‐strength rocks determined the lower and upper limits of the strength of the layered rock, respectively. When the thickness of the layered high‐strength composite rock was >60%, the layered composite rock strength tended to be high; conversely, layered composite rock strength lowered the rock strength, and with increasing thickness, the layered composite rock strength was significantly enhanced. From the perspective of energy conversion, the effect of the thickness of the high‐strength rock mass on the strength of the layered composite rock mass was analyzed.
A novel approach to classify lithology of reservoir formations using GrowNet and Deep‐Insight with physic‐based feature augmentation
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Hamid Reza , Hosseini‐Nasab Seyed Mojtaba 
Published: October 2024

AbstractManual interpretation of geophysical logging data can be a tedious and time‐consuming task in the case of the nonlinear behavior of well‐logging signals. This study aims to enhance lithology classification of reservoir formations through advanced machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques, introducing and comparing three novel algorithms, GrowNet, Deep‐Insight, and blender, against traditional models like random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM). Data from the South and North Viking Graben regions, encompassing 12 lithological facies, was preprocessed through cleaning, normalization, transformation, and imputation of missing values using regression models. The data set was enhanced with physic‐based features and balanced using SMOTE and NearMiss algorithms. Deep‐Insight converted tabular data into images for a convolutional neural network (CNN), significantly improving classification accuracy compared to conventional models such as decision trees (DTs). GrowNet and blender models leveraged hybrid approaches for enhanced performance. These hybrid approaches successfully addressed data imbalance and enhanced model learning, outperforming classic methods. The GrowNet and blender models for lithology classification successfully increased the penalty score and accuracy compared to the FORCE 2020 competition. Additionally, introducing the class prediction error plot visualizes multiclass classification performance more effectively than using a confusion matrix. These novel models in multiclass classification contribute to the petroleum industry by providing more accurate and reliable lithology classification, thereby improving reservoir characterization and exploration efficiency.
An extensive multivocal literature review of blockchain technology: Evolution, challenges, platforms, security, and interoperability
Authors: Monika  , Bhatia Rajesh , Kumar Manish 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBlockchain technology has gained enormous interest from industry and academia recently. Technology enthusiasts are exploring its use case beyond cryptocurrencies and claim that blockchain technology can overcome the inefficiencies of centralized systems. In this study, we continue the work of previous authors, aiming to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the technical aspects of blockchain. This study is the first of its kind to review and analyze the current status of different technical aspects of blockchain technology influencing its adoption. We performed an extensive multivocal review to (i) demonstrate the progress of blockchain, (ii) discuss the challenges related to the wide‐scale adoption of the technology, (iii) present a detailed analysis of blockchain platforms, (iv) highlight security and interoperability issues followed by the solutions proposed in the literature. We have considered 259 peer‐reviewed research papers and the gray literature related to 40 blockchain platforms to provide an in‐depth analysis of blockchain technology. In conclusion, this comprehensive survey provides a holistic view of blockchain technology's progress. It identifies challenges, trends, and future research directions, serving as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to navigate the dynamic blockchain landscape.
The performance of a high‐resolution satellite‐derived precipitation product over the topographically complex landscape of Eswatini
Authors: Dlamini Wisdom M. D. , Tfwala Samkele S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study evaluated the use of Climate Hazard Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) data for monitoring rainfall data in Eswatini. Various statistical metrics such as Bias, correlation coefficient (r), mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the CHIRPS 2.0 data against 14 rain gauge observations acquired during 1981–2020. CHIRPS 2.0 rainfall agrees well with rain gauge precipitation at monthly (r = 0.73, Bias = 1.02, RMSE = 50.44 and MAD = 31.44), seasonal (r = 0.77, Bias = 1.01, RMSE = 36.99 and MAD = 24.15) and annual scales (r = 0.65, Bias = 2.46, RMSE = 500.78 and MAD = 468.06). Moreover, areas characterized by complex topography and land use, and areas in transition zones (to a different agroecological zone) had generally poor correlations. Nonetheless, CHIRPS 2.0 captures well the spatial distribution of rainfall in the different agroecological zones of Eswatini, even in areas with no rain gauge data. In conclusion, CHIRPS 2.0 can be a very valuable tool in filling gaps created by poor spatial coverage of ground‐based rain gauges, especially in the developing world where this is often the case.