bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of intestinal and pharyngeal microbiota in preterm infants on the first day of life and the characteristics of pharyngeal microbiota in infants delivered by cesarean section or vaginally
Authors: He Jing , Wang Lijuan , Ruan Ying , Yan Xinyan , Liu Qingju , Chen Boren , Yang Sen , Du Lijun 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the distribution of intestinal and pharyngeal microbiota on the first day of life in preterm infants and compare the composition of microbiota in infants delivered by cesarean section or vaginally.MethodsThis study included 44 late preterm infants with a gestational age of 34–36 + 6 weeks. Stool and throat swab samples were collected from the preterm infants on the first day of life. The infants were divided into cesarean section and vaginal delivery groups. Illumina NovaSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene of all bacteria in the samples. Venn diagram was used to identify shared operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the intestines and pharynges. Microbial analysis was conducted at the phylum and genus levels, and α and β diversity comparisons were performed.Results(1) Gestational age may have significantly affected the microbial colonization of the intestines and pharynges of preterm infants on the first day after birth (p ≤ 0.001). (2) More OTUs were detected in the pharynx than in the intestines, both have a total of 819 shared OTUs. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota were the dominant phyla in both. At the genus level, Streptococcus had a lower relative abundance in stool samples (0.5%) compared to throat samples (0.5% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.003). 3) The relative abundance of Streptococcus in pharyngeal samples was 26.2% in the cesarean section group much higher than the 3.8% in the vaginal delivery group (p = 0.01).ConclusionThe early postnatal period is a critical time for the establishment of an infant's microbiota. Gestational age at birth may influence microbial colonization, while birth weight, gender, and mode of delivery do not. The intestinal and pharyngeal microbiota composition of preterm infants on the first day after birth showed high similarity, but larger samples are needed for further validation.
Identification of antibacterial constituents from Rhododendron simsii Planch with an activity-guided method
Authors: Lai Yongji , Zhong Yu-Ting , Liang Yu , Chen Wei-Chen , Liao Qiuyan , Li Mu , Han Pan , Cai You-Sheng , Wang Fuqian 
Published: October 2024

Bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance pose significant public health challenges globally. Natural products serve as valuable sources for discovering antimicrobial agents. Rhododendron simsii Planch, a folk medicine, is traditionally used to treat various inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial metabolites derived from R. simsii Planch. Rhodosimsiin A (1), bearing a 1,5-seco-1,6 and 3,6-epoxy grayanane diterpene skeleton, representing a novel 5/6/7/6/5 pentacyclic ring system, and 3β,16α-dihydroxy-6β-ethoxy-14β-acetoxy-grayan-1(5)-ene-10-one (4), which represents the first example of the degradation of C-20 and carbonylation in C-10 diterpenoid, together with two new grayanane diterpenes (2−3), three new triterpenes (13−15), and known analogs (5−12, 16−30), were isolated from the leaves of R. simsii Planch by using the bioassay-guided method. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, and absolute configurations were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and calculated ECD spectra. Compounds 14, 15, 18, 20, 27, 28, and 30 exhibited potent antibacterial activity with an MIC50 of 1.4–24.3 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus. The findings of this research indicate that secondary metabolites derived from R. simsii Planch are promising natural antimicrobial candidates.
Exotic mangrove Laguncularia racemosa litter input accelerates nutrient cycling in mangrove ecosystems
Authors: Li Hongke , Chen Chunlian , Zhou Jiayi , Bai He , Zhang Shijie , Liu Qiang 
Published: October 2024

Exotic plant litter presents different chemical and physical properties relative to native plant litter and alters ecosystem processes and functions that may facilitate exotic plant dispersal. However, these effects are largely unknown, especially within wetland ecosystems. This study examines whether introducing litter from the exotic mangrove Laguncularia racemosa could result in (1) accelerated community litter decomposition rates and increased nutrient cycling rates and (2) microbial community structure changes in the invaded areas. A single decomposition experiment using litterbags was conducted to examine the short-term effects of L. racemosa litter in the native mangrove forest ecosystem. The soil nutrients and microbial communities of Rhizophora stylosa, L. racemosa, and mixed forests were also compared to explore the long-term cumulative effects of L. racemosa litter in native ecosystems. The results indicated that L. racemosa has lower-quality leaf litter than R. stylosa and a significantly faster decomposition rate. This may result from changes in the soil microbial community structure caused by L. racemosa leaf litter input, which favors the decomposition of its own litter. Both the short-term and cumulative effect experiments demonstrated that L. racemosa leaf litter significantly increased the relative abundance of microbes related to litter decomposition, such as Proteobacteria and Bdellovibrionota, and enhanced the alpha diversity of soil fungi, thus creating a microbial environment conducive to L. racemosa leaf litter decomposition. Moreover, the accumulation of soil nutrients was lower under L. racemosa than under R. stylosa over several years. This may be related to the more rapid growth of L. racemosa, which causes soil nutrient absorption and storage within the plant tissues, thereby reducing the soil nutrient content. Inputting exotic mangrove L. racemosa leaf litter reduced the soil blue carbon content, potentially adversely affecting global climate change. L. racemosa may employ a unique strategy to lower soil nutrient levels in native mangroves based on its low-quality leaf litter, thereby weakening the competitive ability of native plants that are intolerant to low-nutrient conditions and enhancing its own competitive advantage to further spread into these areas. In summary, the input of exotic L. racemosa leaf litter accelerates nutrient cycling in local mangroves.
Implementation and development of hospital-based health technology assessment in Poland from the perspective of hospital representatives: qualitative research
Authors: Furman Maciej , Gałązka-Sobotka Małgorzata , Kowalska-Bobko Iwona 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe analysis of health technologies in Poland has so far mainly concerned drugs assessed by the Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Tariffication, which was established for this purpose. Due to the implementation of various forms of investment (hardware, diagnostic, and organizational) in hospitals, and the growing need to properly assess the costs of implemented solutions, Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment (HB-HTA) began to develop. In order to implement HB-HTA in the Polish healthcare system, in 2019–2022 a project was carried out, the consortium members of which were: the National Health Fund (NHF), the National Institute of Cardiology in Warsaw (NIKARD), and Lazarski University (UŁ).Purpose of the studyAnalyzing the possibilities of developing HB-HTA in Polish hospitals based on the experiences of the study participants. Presenting benefits and barriers for HB-HTA units implementation to Polish hospitals.MethodsQualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with the representatives of hospitals that participated in the HB-HTA project using the Nvivo12 program. A specially prepared questionnaire with questions regarding the pre-project, design, and post-project phases was presented to respondents from five of the seven hospitals participating in the pilot phase of the project, during which HB-HTA reports were prepared for selected medical technologies. The remaining two facilities that were invited refused to participate in the study. The Ethics Committee of the Jagiellonian University Medical College gave consent to conduct the study.ResultsHospital representatives indicate that the HB-HTA methodology allows for the assessment of investments in facilities based on appropriate data. Thanks to the project, employees of hospital units gained new skills, such as becoming familiar with literature reviews in medical bibliographic databases. However, HB-HTA in Poland has not been fully implemented because facilities do not obtain adequate benefits from the implementation of HB-HTA at the organizational and financial level. According to the study participants, the methodology itself should be modified to take into account the needs of the facility.ConclusionThe hospitals participating in the HB-HTA project are developing the field of analyzing how innovative solutions are implemented in their facilities, but not to the extent that was intended in the project design.
The impact of cancer prevention education on the mental health of college students based on the difference-in-differences method
Authors: Jia Li , Du Qian , Huang Qian , Pang Yawen 
Published: October 2024

Background and objectiveCancer, as the second leading cause of death worldwide, poses significant challenges to human health and socio-economic development. In recent years, the incidence of cancer has shown a trend toward younger populations, drawing attention to cancer prevention education among college students. However, research on the specific impact of cancer prevention education on the mental health of college students is limited. This study aims to explore the impact of cancer prevention education on the mental health of college students, revealing the mediating role of disease awareness and the moderating roles of psychological resilience and cultural differences.MethodsA difference-in-differences (DID) approach was used, involving 1,670 freshmen from a Chinese university, divided into an experimental group (n = 835) and a control group (n = 835). The experimental group received a semester-long cancer prevention education program. Data were collected monthly from November 2022 to June 2023 using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) and a custom Disease Awareness Scale.ResultsThe study found a significant improvement in mental health scores among the experimental group, with an average increase of 14.738 points on the DASS-21 scale (p &lt; 0.001), representing a 23% reduction in stress, anxiety, and depression levels compared to the control group. Disease awareness in the experimental group improved by 17%, as measured by the Disease Awareness Scale, with a mediation effect of 3.563 points (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, psychological resilience and cultural differences moderated the impact of the education program, with those scoring higher in resilience showing an additional 8% improvement in mental health scores (moderation effect = 0.892, p &lt; 0.001), and cultural differences accounting for a 5% variance (moderation effect = 0.756, p &lt; 0.001) in the outcomes.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that systematic and scientific cancer prevention education has a significant positive impact on the mental health of college students. Universities should promote comprehensive and personalized health education strategies to improve disease awareness, foster psychological resilience, and emphasize cultural differences, thereby enhancing the overall physical and mental health of college students and promoting their holistic development. This finding provides important empirical support and theoretical basis for the design and implementation of health education in universities.
Evaluation of the mental health status of intensive care unit healthcare workers at the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Meriç Özgündüz Ceren , Bıçakçıoğlu Murat , Sahin Tutak Ayse , Özgündüz Arman 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveDuring pandemic periods, mental health issues are highly prevalent, particularly among healthcare workers who are at a higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate the mental health status of the intensive care unit (ICU) healthcare workers, who play a vital role in managing the COVID-19 pandemic, in terms of the quality of sleep, levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms, stress and to determine the factors that affect their mental health.MethodsThe research was conducted in April 2020 and incorporated a total of 79 participants working in an university hospital ICUs in Turkey. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS-42), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were applied.ResultsAmong the participants, 58 individuals comprising 73.4% of the cohort were working in the ICUs, managing patients infected with COVID-19. Those working in ICUs with COVID-19 patients had significantly higher DASS-S, BAI, and BDI scores. Doctors’ BDI scores were significantly lower compared to both nurses and other healthcare workers. Participants exhibiting COVID-19 symptoms manifested significantly higher BAI scores in compared to those without such symptoms.ConclusionHealthcare workers involved in ICUs with COVID-19 patients were more significantly affected psychologically, doctors had lower depressive symptoms as compared to other healthcare workers. In addition, individuals with COVID-19 symptoms demonstrated significantly higher levels of anxiety. The findings of our study emphasize the significance of providing psychological support to healthcare workers throughout pandemics.
Sirup Glukosa Berbasis Enzim dari Mikroba Lokal sebagai Gula Masa Depan Indonesia: Potensi dan Tantangan (Enzyme-Based Glucose Syrup from Local Microbes as Indonesia’s Future Sugar: Potentials and Challenges)
Authors: Islamy Agung , Nugraha Edhi Suyatma , Saraswati  , Nanik Rahmani 
Published: October 2024

Gula sudah menjadi kebutuhan dasar rumah tangga yang tidak dapat terpisahkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk Indonesia, maka tingkat kebutuhan akan ketersediaan gula juga mengalami peningkatan yang sangat signifikan. Pemerintah harus serius dalam menanggapi masalah ini dalam jangka panjang, salah satunya melalui pengembangan sirup glukosa berbasis bahan lokal menggunakan enzim dari mikroba lokal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi akan potensi sumber daya lokal baik bahan baku dan mikroba lokal dalam pengembangan industri sirup glukosa dan tantangannya di Indonesia menggunakan pendekatan systematic review. Setelah melakukan penelusuran pustaka ternyata ada beberapa komoditas bahan baku dan isolat mikroba lokal yang berpotensi dikembangkan dalam industri sirup glukosa. Bahan baku tersebut seperti jagung, singkong, ubi jalar, talas, sagu dan sorgum. Dengan isolat mikroba yang berpotensi dapat dikembangkan seperti Anoxybacillus flavithermus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus awamori KT-11, Bacillus subtilis dan lain-lain.

Sugar has become a staple household need that is inseparable from daily life. Along with Indonesia’s increasing population, the demand for sugar availability has also increased significantly. The government must seriously address this issue in the long term, one of which is through the development of glucose syrup based on local ingredients using enzymes from local microbes. This study aimed to determine the potential of local resources, both raw materials and local microbes, in the development of the glucose syrup industry and its challenges in Indonesia, using a systematic review approach. After conducting a literature search, several commodities of raw materials and local microbial isolates have the potential to be developed in the glucose syrup industry. These raw materials include corn, cassava, sweet potato, taro, sago and sorghum with potential microbial isolates such as Anoxybacillus flavithermus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus awamori KT-11, Bacillus subtilis and more.
Mengukur Efisiensi Teknis dan Pendapatan Petani Jagung MDR-3 di Pulau Madura (Measuring Technical Efficiency and Farmers’ Income of MDR-3 Maize in Madura Island))
Authors: HAYATI MARDIYAH , Taufik Rizal Dwi Adi Nugroho  , Mohammad Wahyu Firdaus  
Published: October 2024

Benih jagung unggul MDR-3 sebagai inovasi dari perusahaan lokal Madura diharapkan menjadi salah satu solusi menyelesaikan permasalahan rendahnya produktivitas jagung di Pulau Madura. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi teknis usahatani jagung dan mengetahui tingkat pendapatan usahatani jagung MDR-3. Total responden adalah 70 petani yang tersebar di Kabupaten Pamekasan dan Sumenep dan dipilih secara purposive. Kegiatan usahatani jagung MDR-3 tergolong efisien secara teknis dengan nilai Technical Efficiency 0,887. Tingkat pendapatan usahatani jagung MDR-3 adalah Rp10.536.894,00 dengan nilai R/C rasio berada pada angka 3,8. Hasil penelitian membuktikan penggunaan benih jagung varietas unggul MDR-3 pada kegiatan usahatani tergolong efisien dan memberikan kontribusi pendapatan yang lebih tinggi daripada penggunaan benih jagung lokal dan lebih tinggi dari tingkat Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK).

MDR-3 maize seeds, as an innovation from local companies in Madura, are expected to solve the problem of low maize productivity on Madura Island. This study aimed to determine the technical efficiency of maize farming using a stochastic production function assisted by the frontier 4.1c application and to determine the income level of MDR-3 maize farming. Seventy farmers from Pamekasan and Sumenep Regencies were selected purposely. MDR-3 maize farming activities were classified as technically efficient with a Technical Efficiency value of 0.887. The income level of MDR-3 maize farming was Rp10,536,894,00 with an R/C ratio of 3.8. The results of this study empirically prove that the use of MDR-3 superior maize seeds in farming activities is classified as efficient and provides a higher income contribution than the use of local maize seeds and is higher than the minimum wage level of the regency/city (UMK) at the research location.
أثر استراتيجية البُنى النصية في الفهم القرائي عند طالبات الصف الرابع الأدبي
Authors: حوراء جبار خنجر  , أ. د. سعد سوادي تعبان  
Published: October 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي الى تعرّف على (أثر استراتيجية البنى النصية في الفهم القرائي عند طالبات الصف الرابع الأدبي) واتبعت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي، كونه المنهج الملائم والمناسب لطبيعة بحثها وهدفه، وحددت الباحثة مجتمع البحث الحالي بطالبات الصف الرابع الأدبي في المدارس الثانوية و الاعدادية النهارية للبنات التابعة لمديرية تربية بغداد/ الكرخ الاولى في محافظة بغداد للعام الدراسي (2023-2024)، واختارت الباحثة عينة بحثها بالطريقة العشوائية، المتكونة من (60) طالبة في ثانوية البيان للبنات، التابعة لمديرية تربية بغداد/ الرصافة الاولى، وقد وزعوا عشوائياً على مجموعتين (تجريبية وضابطة)، بواقع (30) لكل مجموعة. درست الباحثة مجموعتي البحث نفسها، إذ بدأت يوم الأحد الموافق 2023/ 10/ 8 وانتهت يوم الأثنين الموافق 2024/1/11، وبواقع حصة واحدة أسبوعيا لكل مجموعة، واستمرت التجربة فصلا دراسيا واحداً الفصل الدراسي الاول، وأعدت الباحثة اختبار لقياس لفهم القرائي مكون من (31) فقرة موزعة على اسئلة موضوعية ومقاليه طبقته على مجموعتيّ البحث التجريبية و الضابطة في نهاية التجربة، وتميز الاختبار بالصدق والثبات والموضوعية، وعالجت الباحثة بيانات البحث ونتائجه باستعمالها الحقيبة الإحصائية (spss) باستعمالها للمعادلات الآتية :اختبار مان وتيني و اختبار سميرة نوف ومعامل الصعوبة ومعامل التمييز وفعالية البدائل ومعادلة كيودر- ريتشاردسون 20 ومعادلة كوبر ومعادلة الفا كرو نباخ، وقد اسفر البحث عن النتائج الآتية: تفوق أداء طالبات المجموعة التجريبية على طالبات المجموعة الضابطة .
القرارات الاستباقية لدى طالبات قسم رياض الاطفال
Authors: أيات ثابت رشيد  , أ.د بشرى حسين علي  
Published: October 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على القرارات الاستباقية لدى طالبات قسم رياض الاطفال، ودلالة الفروق الاحصائية في العلاقة بين القرارات الاستباقية لدى طالبات قسم رياض الاطفال وفقا للمرحلة الدراسية. مدى اسهام القرارات الاستباقية في التباين الحاصل لدى طالبات قسم رياض الاطفال . تألفت عينة البحث من (400) طالبة, تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية الطبقية ذات التوزيع المناسب من كلية التربية الاساسية قسم رياض الاطفال جامعة المستنصرية .
وبعد تطبيق الاداة على عينة البحث و تحليل البيانات توصلت الباحثة الى عدة نتائج تتميز طالبات قسم رياض الاطفال بالقرارات الاستباقية. وجود فروق في العلاقة بين القرارات الاستباقية وفقا للمرحلة الدراسية وهذا الفرق بين المرحلة الاولى والمرحلة الرابعة وبين المرحلة الثانية والمرحلة الرابعة وبين المرحلة الثالثة والمرحلة الرابعة وهذا الفرق كان لصالح المرحلة الرابعة. ان القرارات الاستباقية تسهم في التباين الحاصل لدى طالبات قسم رياض الاطفال. وفي ضوء نتائج البحث توصلت الباحثة الى مجموعة من التوصيات اقامه ندوات تعلمية لتسليط الضوء على القرارات الاستباقية باعتبارها مقوما اساسا لأداء المهام بكفاءة .وتهدف الى حل المشكلات قبل حدوثها. وقد توصلت ايضاً الى مقترحات اجراء دراسة ارتباطية تتناول العلاقة بين القرارات الاستباقية ومتغيرات اخرى مثل
( القلق الاخلاقي ، التفكير الدوكماتي . الخ).
الكمالية الاكاديمية لدى طالبات قسم رياض الاطفال
Authors: صبا خليل ابراهيم  , أ.د.  بشرى حسين علي  
Published: October 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف الى: الكمالية الاكاديمية لدى طالبات قسم رياض الاطفال.
استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي لتحقيق أهداف البحث، وتكونت عينة البحث من (400) طالبة تم اختيارهنّ بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة بأسلوب النسبة والتناسب من طالبات قسم رياض الأطفال في كلية التربية الأساسية في الجامعة المستنصرية. وقد استعملت الباحثة أداة واحدة في اعداد مقياس الكمالية الاكاديمية ، ويتكون من (47) فقرة موزعة على ثلاثة أبعاد وهي: ( الكمالية المتمركزة حول الذات , و الكمالية المتمركزة حول الآخرين , والكمالية المتمركزة حول المجتمع) ,وتحققت الباحثة من الخصائص السايكومترية للمقياس من خلال الصدق الظاهري إذ قامت بعرض الفقرات على (12) خبيراً ، والصدق البنائي , وبعد تطبيق الأداة على عينة البحث وتحليل البيانات باستخدام الحقيبة الإحصائية توصلت الباحثة إلى النتائج الاتية : تمتع طالبات قسم رياض الأطفال بالكمالية الاكاديمية.