bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coupling with ocean mixed layer leads to intraseasonal variability in tropical deep convection: Evidence from cloud‐resolving simulations
Authors: Anber Usama , Wang Shuguang , Sobel Adam 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe effect of coupling a slab ocean mixed layer to atmospheric convection is examined in cloud‐resolving model (CRM) simulations in vertically sheared and unsheared environments without Coriolis force, with the large‐scale circulation parameterized using the Weak Temperature Gradient (WTG) approximation. Surface fluxes of heat and moisture as well as radiative fluxes are fully interactive, and the vertical profile of domain‐averaged horizontal wind is strongly relaxed toward specified profiles with vertical shear that varies from one simulation to the next. Vertical wind shear is found to play a critical role in the simulated behavior. There exists a threshold value of the shear strength above which the coupled system develops regular oscillations between deep convection and dry nonprecipitating states, similar to those found earlier in a much more idealized model which did not consider wind shear. The threshold value of the vertical shear found here varies with the depth of the ocean mixed layer. The time scale of the spontaneously generated oscillations also varies with mixed layer depth, from 10 days with a 1 m deep mixed layer to 50 days with a 10 m deep mixed layer. The results suggest the importance of the interplay between convection organized by vertical wind shear, radiative feedbacks, large‐scale dynamics, and ocean mixed layer heat storage in real intraseasonal oscillations.
Adaptive multitask network based on maximum correntropy learning algorithm
Authors: Hajiabadi Mojtaba , Hodtani Ghosheh Abed , Khoshbin Hossein 
Published: February 2017

SummaryAdaptive networks solve distributed optimization problems in which all agents of the network are interested to collaborate with their neighbors to learn a similar task. Collaboration is useful when all agents seek a similar task. However, in many applications, agents may belong to different clusters that seek dissimilar tasks. In this case, nonselective collaboration will lead to damaging results that are worse than noncooperative solution. In this paper, we contribute in problems that several clusters of interconnected agents are interested in learning multiple tasks. To address multitask learning problem, we consider an information theoretic criterion called correntropy in a distributed manner providing a novel adaptive combination policy that allows agents to learn which neighbors they should cooperate with and which other neighbors they should reject. In doing so, the proposed algorithm enables agents to recognize their clusters and to achieve improved learning performance compared with noncooperative strategy. Stability analysis in the mean sense and also a closed‐form relation determining the network error performance in steady‐state mean‐square‐deviation is derived. Simulation results illustrate the theoretical findings and match well with theory.
Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of (R)‐3‐Alkyl‐3‐hydroxyindolin‐2‐ones Including Natural Product (R)‐Convolutamydine A Catalyzed by A Primary Amine
Authors: Guo Jun‐Tao , Zhang Bao‐Qiang , Luo Yuan , Guan Zhi , He Yan‐Hong 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAn efficient strategy for constructing (R)‐3‐alkyl‐3‐hydroxyindolin‐2‐one derivatives catalyzed by a structurally simple and easily prepared primary amine catalyst under mild conditions has been developed. Various isatins and ketones were tolerated, and the desired products were obtained in up to 99 % yield and up to 99 % ee. The biologically active natural product (R)‐convolutamydine A was synthesized in 96 % yield and 95 % ee.
Two‐Dimensional Semiconductors Grown by Chemical Vapor Transport
Authors: Hu Dake , Xu Guanchen , Xing Lei , Yan Xingxu , Wang Jingyi , Zheng Jingying , Lu Zhixing , Wang Peng , Pan Xiaoqing , Jiao Liying 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDeveloping controlled approaches for synthesizing high‐quality two‐dimensional (2D) semiconductors is essential for their practical applications in novel electronics. The application of chemical vapor transport (CVT), an old single‐crystal growth technique, has been extended from growing 3D crystals to synthesizing 2D atomic layers by tuning the growth kinetics. Both single crystalline individual flakes and continuous films of 1 L MoS2 were successfully obtained with CVT approach at low growth temperatures of 300–600 °C. The obtained 1 L MoS2 exhibits high crystallinity and comparable mobility to mechanically exfoliated samples, as confirmed by both atomic resolution microscopic imaging and electrical transport measurements. Besides MoS2, this method was also used in the growth of 2D WS2, MoSe2, MoxW1−xS2 alloys, and ReS2, thus opening up a new way for the controlled synthesis of various 2D semiconductors.
Influence of oxygen ion implantation on the free volume parameters and electrical conductivity of a polymer‐based bakelite RPC detector material
Authors: Aneesh Kumar K. V. , Kumaraswamy G. N. , Ranganathaiah C. , Ravikumar H. B. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTWe have investigated the effect of ion implantation on structural modification and the electrical conductivity of Bakelite‐resistive plate chamber (RPC) detector material used in high energy physics experiments. Samples of Bakelite polymer were exposed to 100 keV and 150 keV oxygen ions in the fluence of 1012 to 1015 ions cm−2. Ion implantation induced microstructural changes have been studied using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared techniques. Positron lifetime parameters viz., o‐Ps lifetime and its intensity showed formation of radicals, secondary ions due to the creation of interior tracks by high‐energy ions followed by chain scission at lower fluence of 100 keV implantation. The decreased free volume size at 150 keV ion implantation is an indication of crosslinking and filling up of interior tracks by the implanted ions. Variation of ac conductivity with frequency obeys Jonscher power law at 100 keV and the conduction mechanism is explained by barrier hopping model. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44962.
Boron Complexes of Glyoxal‐Derived Ugi Adducts as a New Class of Aggregation‐Induced Emission Photoluminescent Materials
Authors: Wei Huiping , Wang Gaigai , Wang Yingchun , Li Binbin , Huang Jianjun , Kashtanov Stepan , Van Hecke Kristof , Pereshivko Olga P. , Peshkov Vsevolod A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA series of O,O‐chelated boron complexes was prepared through a four‐component Ugi reaction followed by complexation of the resulting 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with boron trifluoride diethyl etherate. The optical properties of these novel luminophores were investigated by UV/Vis spectroscopy and spectrofluorometry, revealing pronounced aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) features.
Synthesis and Exploration of Ladder‐Structured Large Aromatic Dianhydrides as Organic Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xie Jian , Chen Wangqiao , Wang Zilong , Jie Kenneth Choo Wei , Liu Ming , Zhang Qichun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCompared to anode materials in Li‐ion batteries, the research on cathode materials is far behind, and their capacities are much smaller. Thus, in order to address these issues, we believe that organic conjugated materials could be a solution. In this study, we synthesized two non‐polymeric dianhydrides with large aromatic structures: NDA‐4N (naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride with four nitrogen atoms) and PDA‐4N (perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride with four nitrogen atoms). Their electrochemical properties have been investigated between 2.0 and 3.9 V (vs. Li+/Li). Benefiting from multi‐electron reactions, NDA‐4N and PDA‐4N could reversibly achieve 79.7 % and 92.3 %, respectively, of their theoretical capacity. Further cycling reveals that the organic compound with a relatively larger aromatic building block could achieve a better stability, as an obvious 36.5 % improvement of the capacity retention was obtained when the backbone was switched from naphthalene to perylene. This study proposes an opportunity to attain promising small‐molecule‐based cathode materials through tailoring organic structures.
Ionic Self‐Assembled Platform of Perylenediimide–Sodium Dodecylsulfate for Detection of Spermine in Clinical Samples
Authors: Singh Prabhpreet , Mittal Lalit Singh , Bhargava Gaurav , Kumar Subodh 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe detection and quantification of spermine in clinical practice is important for early diagnosis of many diseases. Chromatographic and immunoassay‐based methods are commonly used. However, a fluorescence‐based assay could provide real‐time detection. Herein, the synthesis and aggregation properties of a dicationic perylene probe (N1‐dodecyl‐N3‐(4‐phenyl)benzimidazolium‐functionalized perylenediimide (DAB‐PDI)) used to develop a fluorescent “turn‐on” ensemble for the detection of spermine are discussed. The fluorescence of DAB‐PDI (10 μm, Φ=0.55) is efficiently quenched by negatively charged sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) through the formation of ionic self‐assembled aggregates (charge ratio of negative (N) in SDS to positive (P) in DAB‐PDI (N/P)=9). This negatively charged ionic self‐assembly between DAB‐PDI and SDS has been characterized by using photophysical, microscopic, dynamic light scattering, isothermal titration calorimetry, and HRMS techniques. The addition of spermine to this ensemble solution results in the breakdown of the DAB‐PDI–SDS ensemble owing to strong binding of spermine with SDS and, as a result, the fluorescence of DAB‐PDI is recovered. This ensemble exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity for spermine detection in water, urine, and blood serum. The lowest limit of detection is 27.5 nm, which is at least about 36 times lower than that required for early diagnosis of cancer (1 to 10 μm for urinary spermine).
Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase on ZnO nanowires/macroporous SiO2 composites for the complete decolorization of anthraquinone dyes
Authors: Sun Huaiyan , Jin Xinyu , Jiang Feng , Zhang Ruifeng 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires/macroporous silicon dioxide composite was used as support to immobilize horseradish peroxidase (HRP) simply by in situ cross‐linking method. As cross‐linker was adsorbed on the surface of ZnO nanowires, the cross‐linked HRP was quite different from the traditional cross‐linking enzyme aggregates on both structure and catalytic performance. Among three epoxy compounds, diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (DDE) was the best cross‐linker, with which the loading amount of HRP with pI of 5.3 reached as high as 118.1 mg/g and specific activity was up to 14.9 U/mg‐support. The mass loss of HRP cross‐linked with DDE was negligible during 50‐H leaching at 4 °C, and the thermal stability of the immobilized HRP was also quite good. The catalytic performance of immobilized HRP to decolorize anthraquinone dye was explored by using Reactive Blue 19 (RB 19) and Acid Violet 109 (AV 109) as model substrates. The results indicated that the immobilized HRP exhibited high decolorization efficiency and good reusability. The decolorization efficiency reached 94.3% and 95.9% for AV 109 and RB 19 within the first 30 Min, respectively. A complete decolorization of these two dyes has been realized within 2–3 H by using this new biocatalysis system.
Enzymatic characterization and functional implication of two structurally different isocitrate dehydrogenases from Xylella fastidiosa
Authors: Lv Peipei , Tang Wanggang , Wang Peng , Cao Zhengyu , Zhu Guoping 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIsocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is a key enzyme at the critical junction between the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the glyoxylate cycle. Most bacteria have only one IDH, while a few contain two IDH isozymes. The coexistence of two different type IDHs in one organism was little known. Xylella fastidiosa is a nutritionally fastidious plant pathogen that contains two structurally different IDHs, an NAD+‐dependent homodimeric IDH (diXfIDH) and an NADP+‐dependent monomeric IDH (monoXfIDH). Kinetic characterization showed that diXfIDH displayed 206‐fold preferences for NAD+ over NADP+, while monoXfIDH showed 13,800‐fold preferences for NADP+ over NAD+. The putative coenzyme crucial amino acids (Asp‐268, Ile‐269, and Ala‐275 in diXfIDH, and Lys‐589, His‐590, and Arg‐601 in monoXfIDH) were studied by site‐directed mutagenesis. The coenzyme specificities of the three diXfIDH mutants (D268K, D268K/I269Y, and D268K/I269Y/A275V) were switched successfully from NAD+ to NADP+. Meanwhile, the mutant monoXfIDHs (H590L/R601L and K589T/H590L/R601L) greatly reduced the affinity for NADP+, but failed to improve the ability to use NAD+ and had similar affinity to NADP+ and NAD+. The biochemical properties of diXfIDH and monoXfIDH were investigated in detail. This study gives a further insight into the determinants of the coenzyme specificity in both monomeric and dimeric forms of IDHs.
Association between a Maternal History of Miscarriages and Birth Defects
Authors: Campaña Hebe , Rittler Monica , Gili Juan A. , Poletta Fernando A. , Pawluk Mariela S. , Gimenez Lucas G. , Cosentino Viviana R. , Castilla Eduardo E. , Camelo Jorge S. López 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSome studies, mainly in the older literature, observed a significant association between miscarriages and birth defects (BDs) occurring in the same sibship. However, few studies examined the BD/miscarriage relationship in depth. In addition nothing has been added to the underlying mechanisms possibly linking both events. The purpose of this work was to identify specific BDs associated with maternal miscarriages. In particular, it examined whether the risk depended on the number of losses, and to suggest the existence of specific factors for each BD/miscarriage association observed.METHODSThe study relied on the Latin American Collaborative Study on Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC) database registries including 26,906 live and stillborn infants with one of 19 selected isolated BDs and 93,853 normal controls. Infants born to primigravid mothers were excluded from the present study. Demographic and reproductive variables were compared between control mothers With and Without previous miscarriages. The number, frequency, and distribution of miscarriages were observed for each BD and controls. A conditional logistic regression was applied to evaluate the miscarriage risk for each BD.RESULTSControl mothers with previous miscarriages were older, had had more pregnancies, and were less educated. Three risk patterns of miscarriages were observed: a very high risk of miscarriages associated with gastroschisis, omphalocele, and talipes; only one miscarriage associated with spina bifida, and two or more miscarriages associated with hypospadias.CONCLUSIONThese three patterns suggest that different factors underly each BD/miscarriage association: infertility for hypospadias, vascular disruption for gastroschisis and talipes, while for spina bifida, the much debated trophoblastic cell residue theory could not be discarded. Birth Defects Research 109:254–261, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Air pollution, neighborhood acculturation factors, and neural tube defects among Hispanic women in California
Authors: Padula Amy M. , Yang Wei , Carmichael Suzan L. , Lurmann Frederick , Balmes John , Hammond S. Katharine , Shaw Gary M. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundNeural tube defects (NTDs) are one of the most common types of birth defects. Environmental pollutants and acculturation have been associated with NTDs independently. The potential effect modification of acculturation in the relationship between ambient air pollution and risks of NTDs is not well understood.MethodsWe investigated whether associations between traffic‐related air pollutant exposure in early gestation and NTDs, and more specifically spina bifida, were modified by individual and neighborhood acculturation factors among 139 cases and 466 controls born in the San Joaquin Valley of California, 1997 to 2006. Five criteria pollutant exposures in tertiles, two outcomes, and seven neighborhood acculturation factors from the U.S. Census at the block group level were included for a total of 280 investigated associations. Estimates were adjusted for maternal education and multivitamin use in the first 2 months of pregnancy. Additional analyses were stratified by nativity.ResultsIncreased odds of NTDs were observed for individuals who had high exposures to carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, or nitrogen dioxide and lived in neighborhoods that were more acculturated. Conversely, there were increased odds of NTDs for those who had high prenatal exposure to PM10 and lived in neighborhoods that were less acculturated. The results of spina bifida alone were generally stronger in magnitude. When stratified by individual nativity (U.S.‐ vs. foreign‐born), carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and nitrogen dioxide were more strongly associated with NTDs among U.S.‐born Hispanic mothers.ConclusionNeighborhood acculturation factors were modifiers of the relationship between air pollution and NTDs in California, though not in a consistent direction for all pollutants. Birth Defects Research 109:403–422, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Associations between the NOGGIN rs227731 polymorphism and NSCL/P risk may be associated with ethnicities: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Feilong , Jiang Ying , Yang Sheng , Liu Qin , Lin Juhong , Zhang Hongmei 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the noggin rs227731 polymorphism on chromosome 17q22 and risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P).MethodsThree online databases were searched, including Embase, PubMed, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure. The strength of the associations was evaluated by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also made a subgroup analysis to explore sources of heterogeneity.ResultsNine comparisons from seven studies were included in this meta‐analysis. We used five genetic models and found that the noggin rs227731 polymorphism may increase NSCL/P risk in Caucasians: C versus A: OR = 1.43, 95% CI, 1.30–1.58; CC versus AA: OR = 2.00, 95% CI, 1.59–2.52; CA versus AA: OR = 1.50, 95% CI, 1.27–1.77; CC+CA versus AA: OR = 1.64, 95% CI, 1.40–1.92; CC versus CA+AA: OR = 1.56, 95% CI, 1.30–1.87. However, for the Chinese population, no significant association between the rs227731 polymorphism and NSCL/P risk was found: C vs. A: OR = 1.04, 95% CI, 0.81–1.33; CC vs. AA: OR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.52–1.95; CA vs. AA: OR = 1.03, 95% CI, 0.75–1.40; CC+CA vs. AA: OR = 1.04, 95% CI, 0.76–1.43; CC vs. CA+AA: OR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.56–1.81.ConclusionOur meta‐analysis suggested that the rs227731 polymorphism may increase NSCL/P risk in Caucasians and may have no significant association in the Chinese population. Effects of individual and environmental risk factors and of gene–environment interactions may play a different role in Caucasians than in the Chinese population. More relevant case–control studies are required to obtain more precise results. Birth Defects Research 109:445–451, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Binding of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers with human serum albumin: Spectroscopic characterization and molecular modeling
Authors: Yang Lulu , Yang Wu , Wu Zhiwei , Yi Zhongsheng 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThree hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH‐PBDEs), 3‐OH‐BDE‐47, 5‐OH‐BDE‐47, and 6‐OH‐BDE‐47, were selected to investigate the interactions between OH‐PBDEs with human serum albumin (HSA) under physiological conditions. The observed fluorescence quenching can be attributed to the formation of complexes between HSA and OH‐PBDEs. The thermodynamic parameters at different temperatures indicate that the binding was caused by hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds. Molecular modeling and three‐dimensional fluorescence spectrum showed conformational and microenvironmental changes in HSA. Circular dichroism analysis showed that the addition of OH‐PBDEs changed the conformation of HSA with a minor reduction in α‐helix content and increase in β‐sheet content. Furthermore, binding distance r between the donor (HSA) and acceptor (three OH‐PBDEs) calculated using Förster's nonradiative energy transfer theory was <7 nm; therefore, the quenching mechanisms for the binding between HSA and OH‐PBDEs involve static quenching and energy transfer. Combined with molecular dynamics simulations, the binding free energies (ΔGbind) were calculated using molecular mechanics/Poisson − Boltzmann surface area method, and the crucial residues in HSA were identified.
Copper nanocluster‐enhanced luminol chemiluminescence for high‐selectivity sensing of tryptophan and phenylalanine
Authors: Borghei Yasaman‐Sadat , Hosseini Morteza , Khoobi Mehdi , Ganjali Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA remarkable method for the highly sensitive detection of phenylalanine and tryptophan based on a chemiluminescence (CL) assay was reported. It was found that fluorescent copper nanoclusters capped with cysteine (Cys‐CuNCs) strongly enhance the weak CL signal resulting from the reaction between luminol and H2O2. Of the amino acids tested, phenylalanine and tryptophan could enhance the above CL system sensitively. Under optimum conditions, this method was satisfactorily described by a linear calibration curve over a range of 1.0 × 10−6 to 2.7 × 10−5 M for phenylalanine and 1.0 × 10−7 to 3.0 × 10−5 M for tryptophan, respectively. The effect of various parameters such as Cys‐CuNC concentration, H2O2 concentration and pH on the intensity of the CL system were also studied. The main experimental advantage of the proposed method was its selectivity for two amino acids compared with others. To evaluate the applicability of the method to the analysis of a real biological sample it was used to determine tryptophan and phenylalanine in human serum and remarkable results were obtained.
Endophlebectomy of the common femoral vein and arteriovenous fistula creation as adjuncts to venous stenting for post-thrombotic syndrome
Authors: de Wolf M A F , Jalaie H , van Laanen J H H , Kurstjens R L M , Mensinck M J S , de Geus M J , Gombert A , de Graaf R , Wittens C H A 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background
Good results have been reported for angioplasty and stenting of post-thrombotic lesions of the iliac and proximal femoral veins. If lesions at the origin of the superficial femoral and profunda veins are stented, the intraluminal synechiae can be pushed against the orifices of inflow vessels, potentially decreasing stent inflow. Surgical disobliteration of the common femoral vein (endophlebectomy) has been suggested to mitigate this problem. Because of a temporary increase in thrombogenicity, this procedure may be accompanied by arteriovenous fistula creation.

Methods
Data on consecutive patients treated by hybrid venous reconstruction, between December 2010 and May 2015, were analysed. Standard recording consisted of clinical scoring systems (including Villalta scale) and imaging. Patency was assessed with duplex ultrasonography.

Results
Seventy-six legs (70 patients) were included. Median follow-up was 379 (range 73–1508) days. Primary, assisted primary and secondary patency rates at 12 months were 51, 70 and 83 per cent respectively. Sixty per cent of loss of primary patency (24 of 40 legs) was related to common femoral vein stenosis, and the rest to rethrombosis. Other complications included wound infection (29 per cent) and lymphatic leak (39 per cent). The Villalta score had decreased by a median of 7 points at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion
The combination of venous stenting, endophlebectomy and arteriovenous fistula creation for patients with extensive post-thrombotic vein damage and severe post-thrombotic syndrome is feasible.