bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspects of the Object in the House‐Museum
Authors: Barbosa Paulo Eduardo 
Published: February 2017

Este ensaio procura relacionar aspectos do objeto inserido no museu, na especificidade dos seus procedimentos, e debater, amparado por visões de autores que se dedicaram ao tema, como o significado atribuído ao objeto museal se diferencia quando adentra a casa‐museu dada a natureza da instituição.
Association Between Posterior Left Atrial Adipose Tissue Mass and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: van Rosendael Alexander R. , Dimitriu-Leen Aukelien C. , van Rosendael Philippe J. , Leung Melissa , Smit Jeff M. , Saraste Antti , Knuuti Juhani , van der Geest Rob J. , van der Arend Britt W.H. , van Zwet Erik W. , Scholte Arthur J. , Delgado Victoria , Bax Jeroen J. 
Published: February 2017

Background—
Epicardial adipose tissue located close to the atrial wall can change the electric conduction of the left atrium, potentially leading to atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study was to assess whether an increased atrial adipose tissue mass posterior to the left atrium is related to AF independent of demographical and cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods and Results—

Two hundred patients with AF and 200 patients without AF who underwent computed tomographic angiography were included. The posterior left atrial adipose tissue mass was quantified on computed tomographic angiography images as tissue with Hounsfield Units between −195 and −45. The adipose tissue mass was significantly larger in patients with AF compared with patients with sinus rhythm: 10.6±5.5 versus 4.7±3.5 g,
P
<0.001. In a multiple variable model (including age, body mass index, sex, coronary artery calcium score, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, family history of coronary artery disease, and known coronary artery disease), each gram increase of posterior left atrial adipose tissue was associated with 1.32 odds ratio of having AF (95% confidence interval, 1.22–1.43;
P
<0.001). Furthermore, the addition of the adipose tissue mass to the multiple variable analysis significantly increased the discriminatory ability to predict AF: increase in the area under the receiver operating characteristic, 0.88 (95% confidence interval, 0.84–0.91) versus 0.81 (0.76–0.85),
P
<0.001.

Conclusions—
Posterior left atrial adipose tissue mass is significantly larger in patients with AF versus without AF. An increase in adipose tissue was independently associated with AF and provided incremental value over well-known predictors of AF. These findings add to the hypothesis that the posterior left atrial adipose tissue mass contributes to structural and electric remodeling leading to AF.
Incidence of Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Sirichand Surksha , Killu Ammar M. , Padmanabhan Deepak , Hodge David O. , Chamberlain Alanna M. , Brady Peter A. , Kapa Suraj , Noseworthy Peter A. , Packer Douglas L. , Munger Thomas M. , Gersh Bernard J. , McLeod Christopher J. , Shen Win-Kuang , Cha Yong-Mei , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Friedman Paul A. , Mulpuru Siva K. 
Published: February 2017

Background—
Ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) most frequently occur in the context of structural heart disease. However, the burden of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (IVA) in the general population is unknown.

Methods and Results—

We identified incident cases of IVA between 2005 and 2013 from Olmsted County, Minnesota, using the Rochester Epidemiology Project database. For PVC cohorts, we included those with frequent (defined as ≥100 PVC/24 hours) symptomatic PVCs. We defined IVA-associated cardiomyopathy as a drop in ejection fraction of ≥10% from baseline. Between 2005 and 2013, we identified 614 individuals with incident IVA (229 [37.3%] were male; average age was 52.1±17.2 years). Of these, 177 (28.8%) had idiopathic ventricular tachycardia, 408 (66.5%) had symptomatic PVCs, and 29 (4.7%) had IVA-associated cardiomyopathy. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates in 2005 to 2007, 2008 to 2010, and 2011 to 2013 were 44.9 per 100 000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 38.0–51.8), 47.6 per 100 000 (95% CI, 40.8–54.5), and 62.0 per 100 000 (95% CI, 54.4–69.6), respectively. In idiopathic ventricular tachycardia, there was an increase in incidence rate with ages (
P
<0.001) but not between sexes (
P
=0.12). The age-adjusted incidence of symptomatic PVC was higher in females than in males (46.2 per 100 000 [95% CI, 40.9–51.6] versus 20.5 per 100 000 [95% CI, 16.8–24.3];
P
<0.001). The small number of individuals with IVA-associated cardiomyopathy precluded any formal testing.

Conclusions—
The incidence of IVA is increasing. Furthermore, overall incidence increases with age. Although the rate of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia is similar across sexes, women have a higher incidence of symptomatic PVC.
Large Contribution of Coarse Mode to Aerosol Microphysical and Optical Properties: Evidence from Ground-Based Observations of a Transpacific Dust Outbreak at a High-Elevation North American Site
Authors: Kassianov E. , Pekour M. , Flynn C. , Berg L. K. , Beranek J. , Zelenyuk A. , Zhao C. , Leung L. R. , Ma P. L. , Riihimaki L. , Fast J. D. , Barnard J. , Hallar A. G. , McCubbin I. B. , Eloranta E. W. , McComiskey A. , Rasch P. J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This work is motivated by previous studies of transatlantic transport of Saharan dust and the observed quasi-static nature of coarse mode aerosol with a volume median diameter (VMD) of approximately 3.5 μm. The authors examine coarse mode contributions from transpacific transport of dust to North American aerosol properties using a dataset collected at the high-elevation Storm Peak Laboratory (SPL) and the nearby Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Mobile Facility. Collected ground-based data are complemented by quasi-global model simulations and satellite and ground-based observations. The authors identify a major dust event associated mostly with a transpacific plume (about 65% of near-surface aerosol mass) in which the coarse mode with moderate (~3 μm) VMD is distinct and contributes substantially to total aerosol volume (up to 70%) and scattering (up to 40%). The results demonstrate that the identified plume at the SPL site has a considerable fraction of supermicron particles (VMD ~3 μm) and, thus, suggest that these particles have a fairly invariant behavior despite transpacific transport. If confirmed in additional studies, this invariant behavior may simplify considerably parameterizations for size-dependent processes associated with dust transport and removal.
When Severe Weather Becomes a Tourist Attraction: Understanding the Relationship with Nature in Storm-Chasing Tourism
Authors: Boulais Catherine Morin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Since the mid-1990s, tourists can purchase storm-chasing tours to observe dangerous, potentially deadly natural phenomena—that companies cannot guarantee will occur. This context calls for a better understanding of the core aspect of the relationship between storm-chasing tourism and severe weather. What interest in severe weather spurs people to embark on storm-chasing tourism? How do they deal with severe weather becoming a tourist attraction through storm-chasing tourism? The present exploratory study investigates these questions using a qualitative methodology. It first examines the ways severe weather is depicted in participants’ discourse and on storm-chasing companies’ websites, illustrating they are multiple and intersecting. It then describes the various rationales used by tourists, guides, and owners when they discuss storm-chasing tourism turning severe weather into a tourist attraction, showing how the activity contributes to nature’s commodification process. Seeking to provide an initial anthropological interpretation of the findings, this study suggests that storm-chasing tourism brings together acceptance and exploitation of nature. Indeed, severe weather appears to be sought for its power over humans while also being marketed as an ordinary commodity. Albeit preliminary, this study sheds light on a fundamental feature of storm-chasing tourism that researchers have not yet fully addressed and enhances the comprehension of a piece of humankind’s relationship with nature in current Western societies.
Climate Change and Variability in Semiarid Palapye, Eastern Botswana: An Assessment from Smallholder Farmers’ Perspective
Authors: Akinyemi Felicia O. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Smallholder farmers are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change and variability in semiarid contexts. Despite the limited adaptation options often used and the largely subsistence agriculture practiced, studies have shown that smallholders have accumulated local knowledge about changes in climatic conditions. Farmers with field experience and an extensive stay in three sites in Palapye, eastern Botswana, were interviewed. This study related farmers’ perceptions of changes in climate with results from analysis of climate data. Major changes perceived are a reduction in rainfall amount, rising temperature, and increasing frequency of drought conditions. Perceived reduction in rainfall amount is confirmed by analysis results as variability in rainfall amount is high throughout the series. Rainfall was poorly distributed and below average at the beginning of the cropping seasons for four years between 2013 and 2017. For 1990, 2003, and 2012, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) was −1.77 (severe drought), −1.37 (moderate drought), and −2.32 (extreme drought), respectively. To minimize impacts on crop production, farmers simultaneously planted different crops based on the perception that climatic impacts on different crops vary and favored crops perceived as drought resistant. Livestock farmers supplemented with livestock feeds, reduced herd size, and moved livestock to areas with better forage. Off-farm incomes from selling products harvested from the wild are important to farmers as a coping strategy, particularly when rain fails. Some female farmers brewed and sold alcohol made locally from sorghum. That local knowledge and perceptions exist and are used by smallholder farmers to adapt to climate change and variability is suggested. Engaging with local knowledge systems is an imperative for climate change policy making.
La traduzione d'autore come genere letterario: Alcune note sul De interpretatione recta di Leonardo Bruni
Authors: Zanobini Michele 
Published: February 2017

Il presente articolo offre una lettura analitica del De interpretatione recta di Bruni, soffermandosi su quegli aspetti peculiari del testo che lo rendono il primo manuale di traduzione apparso in Occidente dopo le riflessioni di San Girolamo. Nel primo trentennio del Quattrocento, l'umanista aretino Leonardo Bruni compone questo trattato, e lo fa con una duplice finalità: se infatti l'opera, prima nel suo genere, codifica i canoni da seguire nel tradurre testi antichi, dall'altro essa mira a far tacere le aspre critiche di cui l'intellettuale era stato fatto oggetto per le sue traduzioni latine di Aristotele. Il tono di un tale sdegno certo non colpisce se calato nella temperie culturale del primo umanesimo fiorentino, ma appare talmente marcato da limitare il potenziale innovativo dell'opera del Bruni. Soppesando debitamente meriti e limiti del trattato bruniano, questo articolo si propone di sottolineare la centralità del De interpretatione recta sia come manifesto intellettuale umanista che come opera pionieristica della grande filologia quattrocentesca italiana.
A national strategy for a low-carbon economy: The contribution of regional development planning
Authors: Troy Patrick 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPlanning for a low-carbon future in Australia will need to address simultaneously three aspects of sustainable development: centralisation/regional development, mobility and communication. After reviewing existing roadmaps for low-carbon growth by 2050, the article identifies the importance for Australia of an integrated and mutually reinforcing set of measures, based on a bold approach to urban and regional planning. Taking account of national geography, the approach is based on the decentralisation of energy production, use and storage, and on new uses of communication, transport and the location of food, water and mineral resources. Revitalised regional centres could be connected, through new energy and transport solutions, by a national transport arc and electrified highways. The use of infrastructure funding to support low-carbon regional development would avoid the ‘tragedy of the commons’, transcending incremental, cumulative approaches based on compensation and incentives for household, business and sectoral abatement efforts. It would generate long-term environmentally sustainable development.
3D Optical Investigation of 2 Nail Systems Used in Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis: A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Evers Julia , Lakemeier Martin , Wähnert Dirk , Schulze Martin , Richter Martinus , Raschke Michael J. , Ochman Sabine 
Published: February 2017

Background: Although retrograde intramedullary nails for tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis (TTCA) are an established fixation method, few studies have evaluated the stability of the available nail systems. The purpose of this study was to compare biomechanically the primary stability of 2 nail-systems, A3 (Small Bone Innovations) and HAN (Synthes), in human cadavers and analyze the exact point of instability in TTCA by means of optical measurement. Methods: In 6 pairs of lower legs (n = 12) of fresh-frozen human cadavers with osteoporotic bone structure, bone mineral density (BMD) was determined. Pairwise randomized implantation of either an HAN or A3 nail was executed. Performance and stability were measured by quasi-static tests using 3D motion tracking (NDI Optotrak-Certus) followed by cyclic loading tests during dorsi- and plantarflexion. Results: 3D optical analysis in quasi-static tests showed a significantly lower degree of movement for the HAN nail in rotational and dorsi-/plantarflexion, especially in the subtalar joint. Cyclic loading tests were consistent with quasi-static tests. Conclusion: The A3 nail offered lower stability during axial torsion in the ankle and subtalar joints and during plantar- and dorsiflexion in the subtalar joint in osteoporotic bones. This study was the first to examine the primary stability of different arthrodesis nails in TTCA and their bony parts with a 3D motion analysis. Clinical Relevance: The better stability of the locking-only HAN nail in this osteoporotic test setup could lead to more favorable results in comparison to the A3 nail in clinical use.
3D Biometrics for Hindfoot Alignment Using Weightbearing CT
Authors: Lintz François , Welck Matthew , Bernasconi Alessio , Thornton James , Cullen Nicholas P. , Singh Dishan , Goldberg Andy 
Published: February 2017

Background: Hindfoot alignment on 2D radiographs can present anatomical and operator-related bias. In this study, software designed for weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) was used to calculate a new 3D biometric tool: the Foot and Ankle Offset (FAO). We described the distribution of FAO in a series of data sets from clinically normal, varus, and valgus cases, hypothesizing that FAO values would be significantly different in the 3 groups. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 135 data sets (57 normal, 38 varus, 40 valgus) from WBCT (PedCAT; CurveBeam LLC, Warrington, PA) were obtained from a specialized foot and ankle unit. 3D coordinates of specific anatomical landmarks (weightbearing points of the calcaneus, of the first and fifth metatarsal heads and the highest and centermost point on the talar dome) were collected. These data were processed with the TALAS system (CurveBeam), which resulted in an FAO value for each case. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were also assessed. Results: In normal cases, the mean value for FAO was 2.3% ± 2.9%, whereas in varus and valgus cases, the mean was −11.6% ± 6.9% and 11.4% ± 5.7%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference among groups ( P < .001). The distribution of the normal population was Gaussian. The inter- and intraobserver reliability were 0.99 +/- 0.00 and 0.97 +/-0.02 Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that the FAO is an efficient tool for measuring hindfoot alignment using WBCT. Previously published research in this field has looked at WBCT by adapting 2D biometrics. The present study introduces the concept of 3D biometrics and describes an efficient, semiautomatic tool for measuring hindfoot alignment. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Risk of falls associated with antiepileptic drug use in ambulatory elderly populations
Authors: Maximos Mira , Chang Feng , Patel Tejal 
Published: February 2017

Background: Falls are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults. About a third of those aged 65 years or older fall at least once each year, which can result in hospitalizations, hip fractures and nursing home admissions that incur high costs to individuals, families and society. The objective of this clinical review was to assess the risk of falls in ambulatory older adults who take antiepileptic drugs, medications that can increase fall risk and decrease bone density. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched from inception to July 2014. Case-control, quasi-experimental and observational design studies published in English that assessed quantifiable fall risk associated with antiepileptic drug use in ambulatory patient populations with a mean or median age of 65 years or older were eligible for inclusion. One author screened all titles and abstracts from the initial search. Two authors independently reviewed and abstracted data from full-text articles that met eligibility criteria. Results: Searches yielded 399 unique articles, of which 7 met inclusion criteria—4 prospective or longitudinal cohort studies, 1 cohort study with a nested case-control, 1 cross-sectional survey and 1 retrospective cross-sectional database analysis. Studies that calculated the relative risk of falls associated with antiepileptic drug use reported a range of 1.29 to 1.62. Studies that reported odds ratios of falls associated with antiepileptic drug use ranged from 1.75 to 6.2 for 1 fall or at least 1 fall and from 2.56 to 7.1 for more frequent falls. Discussion: Health care professionals should monitor older adults while they take antiepileptic drugs to balance the need for such pharmacotherapy against an increased risk of falling and injuries from falls.
Universal molecular screening does not effectively detect Lynch syndrome in clinical practice
Authors: Brennan Beatrice , Hemmings Christine T. , Clark Ian , Yip Desmond , Fadia Mitali , Taupin Douglas R. 
Published: February 2017

Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) due to an inherited damaging mutation in mismatch repair (MMR) genes comprises 3% of all incident colorectal cancer (CRC). Molecular testing using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for MMR proteins is a recommended screening tool to identify LS in incident CRC. This study assessed outcomes of population-based routine molecular screening for diagnosis of LS in a regional center. Methods: We conducted a prospective, consecutive case series study of universal IHC testing on cases of resected CRC from September 2004–December 2013. Referred cases with abnormal IHC results that attended a familial cancer clinic were assessed according to modified Bethesda criteria (until 2009) or molecular criteria (from 2009). Results: 1612 individuals underwent resection for CRC in the study period and had MMR testing by IHC. Of these, 274 cases (16.9%) exhibited loss of expression of MMR genes. The mean age at CRC diagnosis was 68.1 years (± standard deviation 12.7) and the mean age of those with an IHC abnormality was 71.6 (± 11.8). A total of 82 (29.9%) patients with an abnormal result were seen in a subspecialty familial cancer clinic. Patients aged under 50 ( p = 0.009) and those with loss of MSH6 staining ( p = 0.027) were more likely to be referred and to attend. After germ-line sequencing, 0.6% (10 of 82) were identified as having a clinically significant abnormality. A further eight probands with pathogenic germ-line mutations were identified from other referrals to the service over the same time period. Conclusions: While technically accurate, the yield of ‘universal’ IHC in detecting new Lynch probands is limited by real-world factors that reduce referrals and genetic testing. We propose an alternative approach for universal, incident case detection of Lynch syndrome with ‘one-stop’ MMR testing and sequencing.
Opioid Analgesic Prescribing Practices of Dental Professionals in the United States
Authors: Steinmetz C.N. , Zheng C. , Okunseri E. , Szabo A. , Okunseri C. 
Published: February 2017

The prescription of opioid analgesics by dental professionals is widespread in the United States. Policy makers, government agencies, and professional organizations consider this phenomenon a growing public health concern. This study examined trends in the prescription of opioid analgesics for adults by dental professionals and associated factors in the United States. Data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (1996-2013) were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were calculated separately for each year. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the overall trend during the period with and without adjusting for dental procedures and personal characteristics. Survey weights were incorporated to handle the sampling design. The prescription of opioid analgesics following dental care increased over time. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, source of payment, and type of dental procedure, the odds ratio (OR) of prescribing opioid analgesics following a dental visit per each decade difference was 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19–1.38). Surgical, root canal, and implant procedures had the highest rates of opioid prescriptions and the greatest increases in rates over the study period. After adjusting for personal characteristics and type of dental procedure, the OR of receiving a prescription for opioids comparing blacks, Asians, and Hispanics to whites was 1.29 (95% CI, 1.17–1.41), 0.57 (95% CI, 0.47–0.70), and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.75–0.95), respectively. Opioid analgesic prescriptions following dental visits increased over time after adjusting for personal characteristics and type of dental procedure. The odds of receiving a prescription for opioids were higher for certain racial/ethnic minority groups. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This study highlights dental professionals prescribing practices of opioid analgesics by following dental treatments in the United States. With this knowledge, appropriate guidelines, protocols, and policies can be developed and implemented to address any inappropriate prescribing practices of opioid analgesics. In addition, this information could lead to an improvement in the prescribing practices of dental professionals and to evidence-based therapeutic decision making.
miR-28 regulates the germinal center reaction and blocks tumor growth in preclinical models of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Bartolomé-Izquierdo Nahikari , de Yébenes Virginia G. , Álvarez-Prado Angel F. , Mur Sonia M. , Lopez del Olmo Juan A. , Roa Sergio , Vazquez Jesus , Ramiro Almudena R. 
Published: February 2017

Key Points
miR-28 is a regulator of the GC reaction that dampens B-cell receptor signaling and impairs B-cell proliferation and survival. miR-28 has antitumoral activity in BL and DLBCL.