bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of cardiac output measured by use of computed tomography and thermodilution in dogs
Authors: Tenenbaum Sharon , Garcia-Pereira Fernando L. , Berry Clifford R. , Obert Tori 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare cardiac output (CO) measured by use of CT coronary angiography and thermodilution (criterion-referenced standard) at various CO values, record adverse effects, and determine the time needed to measure CO.
ANIMALS 5 healthy purpose-bred Beagles (2 males and 3 females).
PROCEDURES A prospective nonrandomized crossover study was conducted. Dogs were premedicated with butorphanol tartrate (0.2 mg•kg−1, IM). Anesthesia was induced by IV administration of etomidate (1 to 2 mg•kg−1) and midazolam (0.25 mg•kg−1). Orotracheal intubation was performed, and anesthesia was maintained by administration of isoflurane. The CO was determined by use of thermodilution and by use of CT at 3 CO values. Dobutamine was infused at various rates to obtain the 3 CO values.
RESULTS 13 values were obtained and analyzed. The mean ± SD difference between methods was 0.09 ± 0.71 L•min−1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to −0.34 L•min−1). Only 1 of 13 values was located on the 100% agreement line (ie, 0 line), 7 of 13 values were located within the 95% CI, and 5 of 13 values were outside the 95% CI.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE For this study, there was poor agreement between the 2 methods. The 95% CI interval was 0.52 to −0.34 L•min−1, and 5 of 13 values were outside the 95% CI. Therefore, results for the CT method appeared to be inappropriate for use in making clinical decisions.
Pharmacokinetics and egg residues after oral administration of a single dose of meloxicam in domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus)
Authors: Souza Marcy J. , Bergman Joan B. , White Molly S. , Gordon Kristen I. , Gerhardt Lillian E. , Cox Sherry K. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in domestic hens and duration and quantity of drug residues in their eggs following PO administration of a single dose (1 mg of meloxicam/kg).
ANIMALS 8 healthy adult White Leghorn hens.
PROCEDURES Hens were administered 1 mg of meloxicam/kg PO once. A blood sample was collected immediately before and at intervals up to 48 hours after drug administration. The hens' eggs were collected for 3 weeks after drug administration. Samples of the hens' plasma, egg whites (albumen), and egg yolks were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography.
RESULTS The half-life, maximum concentration, and time to maximum concentration of meloxicam in plasma samples were 2.8 hours, 7.21 μg/mL, and 2 hours, respectively. Following meloxicam administration, the drug was not detected after 4 days in egg whites and after 8 days in egg yolks.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that meloxicam administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg PO in chickens appears to maintain plasma concentrations equivalent to those reported to be therapeutic for humans for 12 hours. The egg residue data may be used to aid establishment of appropriate drug withdrawal time recommendations.
Randomized placebo-controlled study of the effects of Yunnan Baiyao on hemostasis in horses
Authors: Ness SallyAnne L. , Frye Amelia H. , Divers Thomas J. , Rishniw Mark , Erb Hollis N. , Brooks Marjory B. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine effects of oral administration of Yunnan Baiyao on platelet activation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis in healthy horses.
ANIMALS 12 healthy adult horses.
PROCEDURES In a randomized blinded crossover study that included a 4-week washout period between treatments, horses were orally administered a paste containing Yunnan Baiyao (15 mg/kg) or placebo at 12-hour intervals for 3 days. Blood samples were collected before start of treatment (time 0) and at 24 and 72 hours for a CBC, measurement of fibrinogen concentration, coagulation screening tests, and a panel of assays to assess platelet activation (including ADP- and collagen-induced aggregation and closure times, flow-cytometric variables of platelet-leukocyte aggregates, platelet membrane P-selectin and phosphatidylserine expression, and microparticle release), von Willebrand factor (vWF) concentration, and cofactor activity. In addition, thrombelastography was used to evaluate fibrin formation in tissue factor–activated whole blood and plasma and to assess tissue plasminogen activator–induced plasma fibrinolysis. For each treatment, values obtained before and 72 hours after start of administration were compared by use of Wilcoxon signed rank tests.
RESULTS Yunnan Baiyao treatment had no significant effect on any hemostatic variable, compared with results for the placebo treatment.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Administration of Yunnan Baiyao at a dosage typically used in clinical practice had no effect on in vitro measures of platelet or vWF function and no enhancement of fibrin-clot formation or stability. Any hemostatic actions of Yunnan Baiyao may require higher dosages or result from cell-surface interactions at sites of vascular and tissue injury not examined in this study.
Formulation design and characterization of osmotically controlled tablet of Ramipril
Authors: Nayak Bhabani Shankar , Ellaiah P. , Sethy Suprava , Nayak Monalisha , Sourajit Subham 
Published: July 2017

Objective: Ramipril is a long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. The study aimed to design, formulate and evaluate the oral osmotic drug delivery dosage form of an anti-hypertensive drug, ramipril.Methods: The tablet was formulated using ramipril and different polymers like PVP- K30 and Ethyl cellulose. The microcrystalline cellulose (MCC - diluent), Potassium chloride, Mannitol (osmogen) and Magnesium stearate (lubricant) were used in all the formulations. All the tablets were manufactured by wet granulation method followed by film coating. Compatibility of the drug with excipients was determined by FT-IR spectral analysis. The granules were evaluated for bulk density, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ration to determine flow properties. The prepared compressed and coated tablets were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, and drug content and in vitro drug release and release kinetic studies.Results: The FT-IR study revealed that drug was compatible with excipients. The flow properties of granules of most formulation were excellent. All osmotic tablet formulations had good tablet physiochemical properties as per Pharmacopeia. The drug content of all tablet batches was satisfactory. The in vitro drug release study revealed that the formulation F7 containing 100 mg of ethyl cellulose release 100% of drug in 24 h with zero order release kinetics.Conclusions: Ramipril osmotic tablet could be used for safe management of hypertension with greater novelty.
Toxic manifestations of mercuric chloride and polychlorinated biphenyls on the haematological aspects of Danio rerio
Authors: Vijayalakshmi V. , Krishnaveni S. , Madhuramozhi G. 
Published: July 2017

Objectives: To explore the acute toxicity of major aquatic pollutants like mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and polychlorinated by phenyls (PCB) and their effects based on the haematology of fresh water fish Danio rerio (Zebra fish).Methods: Zebra fish (Danio rerio) were exposed to progressive concentrations of HgCl2 and PCB. The fishes were exposed to various concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 µg/L of mercury and PCB for a period up to two weeks. Haematological tests (total RBC, WBC count and haemoglobin concentration) were carried out on each concentration as well as control for a period of 2 weeks.Results: It was observed that, in exposure time from 0, 7 and 14 days, the total erythrocyte (RBC), leucocytes (WBC) haemoglobin (Hb) values decreased. The exposure to sub lethal doses of Mercury and PCB for 1, 7 and 14 days exposure period causes significant(Values are expressed as means ± SD. Significant difference between groups were compared to control, *p <0.01, **p <0.05) time and dose dependent alterations in total RBC, WBC and haemoglobin count compared to the control values.Conclusions: Haematological parameters constitute one of the important methods to access the health or ill health of an organism, subjected to intoxication. This demonstrates the physiological dysfunction of the haemopoietic system. Hgcl2 is a heavy metal that causes symptoms in human like and gastrointestinal disturbances, anaemia, anorexia, loss of weight, chronic inflammations of kidneys. PCB exposure in animals has been reported to develop Wasting syndrome, reduced body weight, immune toxicity, vitamin A deficiency, and thyroid hormone deficiency, reproductive effects in offspring like reduced birth weight, abnormal gonad development. It also affect the central nervous system which results in slowed learning and memory loss, and also responsible for other behavioural changes. Thus toxicity bioassay is the basic tool for the detection, evaluation and abatement of water pollution
Effect of stirring speed on microstructure of A356 alloy cast through rheometal process
Authors: Gupta Robin , Sharma Ashok , Pandel Upender , Ratke Lorenz 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Synthesis of an A356 alloy slurry with 30 wt.% solid fraction was carried out by the rheometal process, previously known as a rapid slurry formation process. A detailed study of the A356 alloy at different slurry stirring speeds (400, 600, 800, 1 000, and 1 200 rpm) was performed. Variation of the surface morphology of the enthalpy exchange material at different stirring times (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 s) was also investigated. The evolution of the cast microstructure was observed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The microstructure exhibited a network of eutectic Si around the primary α-Al phase. The average grain size of the primary α-Al phase decreases with stirring speeds up to 1 000 rpm. For 1 200 rpm, average grain size decreased, however, high turbulence led to entrapment of gas porosity. The experimental results revealed that as stirring times increased under isothermal conditions, the α-Al phase changed its morphology from dendritic to rosette to globular. The effect of flow pattern was investigated with the introduction of four baffles along the crucible wall. These baffles modified the fluid flow pattern such that the average grain size of α-Al phase was further refined.
Experimental investigation of phase equilibria in the Zr–Cu–Ni ternary system
Authors: Yang Mujin , Wang Cuiping , Yang Shuiyuan , Shi Zhan , Han Jiajia , Liu Xingjun 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The phase equilibria in the Zr–Cu–Ni ternary system are investigated combined with X-ray diffraction, electron probe micro-analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Two isothermal sections of the Zr–Cu–Ni ternary system at 1 000 °C and 1 100 °C are experimentally established. Most of the binary intermetallic compounds, e. g. Zr7Ni10, ZrNi, ZrNi5, Zr14Cu51, and Zr2Cu9, show a remarkable ternary solubility. A new ternary compound named τ3 (Zr3
1.1
–
30.7 · Cu28.5
–
4
0.
3Ni40.4–29.0) is detected at 1 000 °C and dissolved at 1 020 °C because the nearby large liquid phase field further expands. The newly determined phase equilibria will provide important information for both thermodynamic assessment and alloy design of Zr-based metallic glass.
Monitoring the improvement of muscle performance using isokinetic dynamometry: A comparative analysis based on the full range of motion vs. the valid isokinetic sector
Authors: Ozdemir Cigdem , Ozgünen Kerem , Sarpel Tunay , Günaştı Ozgur , Bıldırcın Caglar , Coşkun Funda , Sadi Kurdak S. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND: Isokinetic dynamometers measure moment and calculate work and power values, which are generally used to interpret muscle performance. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the differences of peak moment (PM), work, and power between FRoM and calculated valid isokinetic sector (VIS) data to define the possibility of the misinterpretation of isokinetic dynamometer data. METHODS: Fourteen professional male soccer players who had ACL reconstruction were recruited to the muscle strengthening program which was conducted four days a week for six weeks with increasing training intensity each week. Isokinetic muscle peak moment, work, and power of knee extensors and flexors were measured at angular velocities of 60, 120, 180 and 240[Formula: see text]/s. RESULTS: The results of the standard full-RoM (FRoM) report were compared with the calculated VIS data. Analyses of the FRoM data showed that PM, work, and power values for both extensor and flexor muscle groups improved significantly. However, a comparison of FRoM and VIS data showed significant differences for the work and power values at 120, 180 and 240[Formula: see text]/s. CONCLUSION: The evaluation of FRoM isokinetic data may cause improper interpretations in muscle performance, particularly for contractions with higher angular velocities.
Development and characterization of microsatellite primers for Zanthoxylum schinifolium (Rutaceae)
Authors: Kim Young Mi , Jo Aruna , Jeong Ji Hee , Kwon Yong Rak , Kim Ho Bang 
Published: July 2017

Premise of the study:Polymorphic microsatellite markers of Zanthoxylum schinifolium (Rutaceae), a promising medicinal plant with effective antibacterial, anticancer, and anti‐inflammatory compounds, were developed and evaluated for further genetic studies based on genetic variation among individuals or populations.Methods and Results:Following the selective hybridization method, microsatellite‐enrichment libraries were constructed. Using these libraries, we obtained 15 polymorphic and three monomorphic microsatellite markers for Z. schinifolium. The number of alleles observed in each of the 15 polymorphic loci ranged from two to eight, and the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.070 to 0.677 and from 0.093 to 0.688, respectively. Eleven of these developed markers were successfully amplified for Z. piperitum, a related species.Conclusions:These microsatellite markers can be valuable tools for further genetic studies of Z. schinifolium, such as genetic resource conservation for maintaining breeding material and individual identification for breeding program improvement and variety management.
Development of EST‐derived microsatellite markers in the aquatic macrophyte Ranunculus bungei (Ranunculaceae)
Authors: Wu Zhigang , Wu Jinwei , Wang Yalin , Hou Hongwei 
Published: July 2017

Premise of the study:Microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed to investigate the influence of ecological factors on gene flow and spatial genetic structuring of the submerged plant Ranunculus bungei (Ranunculaceae), which is regarded as an important species for understanding how plants adapt to an aquatic environment.Methods and Results:Twenty‐two microsatellite loci were identified from an expressed sequence tag (EST) library. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to five, and the expected heterozygosity varied from 0.0 to 0.5 in four Chinese populations of R. bungei. Fourteen loci were polymorphic and significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. All of the loci were found to be amplifiable in two other species of Ranunculus section Batrachium, and cross‐amplification in six riparian and aquatic species of Ranunculaceae was also partially successful.Conclusions:These novel EST‐SSR markers will be useful for ecological and evolutionary studies of R. bungei as well as related species.
MOA Data Reveal a New Mass, Distance, and Relative Proper Motion for Planetary System OGLE-2015-BLG-0954L
Authors: Bennett D. P. , Bond I. A. , Abe F. , Asakura Y. , Barry R. , Bhattacharya A. , Donachie M. , Evans P. , Fukui A. , Hirao Y. , Itow Y. , Koshimoto N. , Li M. C. A. , Ling C. H. , Masuda K. , Matsubara Y. , Muraki Y. , Nagakane M. , Ohnishi K. , Ranc C. , Rattenbury N. J. , Saito To. , Sharan A. , Sullivan D. J. , Sumi T. , Suzuki D. , Tristram P. J. , Yamada T. , Yamada T. , Yonehara A. ,   (The MOA Collaboration)
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We present the MOA Collaboration light-curve data for the planetary microlensing event OGLE-2015-BLG-0954, which was previously announced in a paper by the KMTNet and OGLE Collaborations. The MOA data cover the caustic exit, which was not covered by the KMTNet or Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) data, and they provide a more reliable measurement of the finite source effect. The MOA data also provide a new source color measurement that reveals a lens-source relative proper motion of μ
rel = 11.8 ± 0.8 mas yr−1, which compares to the value of μ
rel = 18.4 ± 1.7 mas yr−1 reported in the KMTNet-OGLE paper. This new MOA value for μ
rel has an a priori probability that is a factor of ≳100 times larger than the previous value, and it does not require a lens system distance of D

L
< 1 kpc. Based on the corrected source color, we find that the lens system consists of a planet of mass

orbiting a

star at an orbital separation of

and a distance of

.
Dust Emission at 8 and 24 μm as Diagnostics of H ii Region Radiative Transfer
Authors: Oey M. S. , López-Hernández J. , Kellar J. A. , Pellegrini E. W. , Gordon K. D. , Jameson K. E. , Li A. , Madden S. C. , Meixner M. , Roman-Duval J. , Bot C. , Rubio M. , Tielens A. G. G. M. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We use the Spitzer Surveying the Agents of Galaxy Evolution (SAGE) survey of the Magellanic Clouds to evaluate the relationship between the 8 μm polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission, 24 μm hot dust emission, and H ii region radiative transfer. We confirm that in the higher-metallicity Large Magellanic Cloud, PAH destruction is sensitive to optically thin conditions in the nebular Lyman continuum: objects identified as optically thin candidates based on nebular ionization structure show six times lower median 8 μm surface brightness (0.18 mJy arcsec−2) than their optically thick counterparts (1.2 mJy arcsec−2). The 24 μm surface brightness also shows a factor of three offset between the two classes of objects (0.13 versus 0.44 mJy arcsec−2, respectively), which is driven by the association between the very small dust grains and higher density gas found at higher nebular optical depths. In contrast, PAH and dust formation in the low-metallicity Small Magellanic Cloud is strongly inhibited such that we find no variation in either 8 μm or 24 μm emission between our optically thick and thin samples. This is attributable to extremely low PAH and dust production together with high, corrosive UV photon fluxes in this low-metallicity environment. The dust mass surface densities and gas-to-dust ratios determined from dust maps using Herschel HERITAGE survey data support this interpretation.
The Double Galaxy Cluster A2465. III. X-Ray and Weak-lensing Observations∗
Authors: Wegner Gary A. , Umetsu Keiichi , Molnar Sandor M. , Nonino Mario , Medezinski Elinor , Andrade-Santos Felipe , Bogdan Akos , Lovisari Lorenzo , Forman William R. , Jones Christine 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We report Chandra X-ray observations and optical weak-lensing measurements from Subaru/Suprime-Cam images of the double galaxy cluster A2465 (z = 0.245). The X-ray brightness data are fit to a β model to obtain the radial gas density profiles of the northeast (NE) and southwest (SW) subcomponents, which are seen to differ in structure. We determine core radii, central temperatures, the gas masses within r
500c, and the total masses for the broader NE and sharper SW components assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. There is no large X-ray excess between the two components. The central entropy of the NE subcluster is about two times higher than the SW. Along with its structural properties and an apparent radio halo that is a sign of a merger, this suggests that the NE component has undergone merging on its own. The weak-lensing analysis gives virial masses for each substructure, which compare well with earlier dynamical results. The derived outer mass contours of the SW sub-component from weak lensing are more irregular and extended than those of the NE. Although there is a weak enhancement and small offsets between X-ray gas and mass centers from weak lensing, the lack of large amounts of gas between the two subclusters indicates that A2465 is in a pre-merger state. We discuss star formation enhancement in this system resulting from its dynamics and shock-induced star formation scenarios. A dynamical model that is consistent with the observed cluster data, based on the FLASH program and the radial infall model, is constructed, where the subclusters currently separated by ∼1.2 Mpc are approaching each other at ∼2000 km s−1 and will meet in ∼0.4 Gyr.
Submilliarcsecond Optical Interferometry of the High-mass X-Ray Binary BP Cru with VLTI/GRAVITY
Authors: Waisberg I. , Dexter J. , Pfuhl O. , Abuter R. , Amorim A. , Anugu N. , Berger J. P. , Blind N. , Bonnet H. , Brandner W. , Buron A. , Clénet Y. , Wit W. de , Deen C. , Delplancke-Ströbele F. , Dembet R. , Duvert G. , Eckart A. , Eisenhauer F. , Fédou P. , Finger G. , Garcia P. , Lopez R. Garcia , Gendron E. , Genzel R. , Gillessen S. , Haubois X. , Haug M. , Haussmann F. , Henning Th. , Hippler S. , Horrobin M. , Hubert Z. , Jochum L. , Jocou L. , Kervella P. , Kok Y. , Kulas M. , Lacour S. , Lapeyrère V. , Bouquin J.-B. Le , Léna P. , Lippa M. , Mérand A. , Müller E. , Ott T. , Pallanca L. , Panduro J. , Paumard T. , Perraut K. , Perrin G. , Rabien S. , Ramírez A. , Ramos J. , Rau C. , Rohloff R.-R. , Rousset G. , Sanchez-Bermudez J. , Scheithauer S. , Schöller M. , Straubmeier C. , Sturm E. , Vincent F. , Wank I. , Wieprecht E. , Wiest M. , Wiezorrek E. , Wittkowski M. , Woillez J. , Yazici S. ,   (GRAVITY collaboration)
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We observe the high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) BP Cru using interferometry in the near-infrared K band with VLTI/GRAVITY. Continuum visibilities are at most partially resolved, consistent with the predicted size of the hypergiant. Differential visibility amplitude (

) and phase (

) signatures are observed across the He i

and Brγ lines, the latter seen strongly in emission, unusual for the donor star’s spectral type. For a baseline

m, the differential phase rms

corresponds to an astrometric precision of

. We generalize expressions for image centroid displacements and variances in the marginally resolved limit of interferometry to spectrally resolved data, and use them to derive model-independent properties of the emission such as its asymmetry, extension, and strong wavelength dependence. We propose geometric models based on an extended and distorted wind and/or a high-density gas stream, which has long been predicted to be present in this system. The observations show that optical interferometry is now able to resolve HMXBs at the spatial scale where accretion takes place, and therefore to probe the effects of the gravitational and radiation fields of the compact object on its environment.