bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Simplified Version of the Psychogenic Movement Disorders Rating Scale: The Simplified Functional Movement Disorders Rating Scale (S‐FMDRS)
Authors: Nielsen Glenn , Ricciardi Luciana , Meppelink Anne Marthe , Holt Kate , Teodoro Tiago , Edwards Mark 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe Psychogenic Movement Disorders Rating Scale (PMDRS) has potential as a useful objective assessment in clinical research, but the current scale has limitations. We developed a simplified version (S‐FMDRS) and assessed inter‐rater reliability, concurrent validity, and sensitivity.MethodsFifty‐two videos of subjects with functional (psychogenic) movement disorders (FMD) were rated according to the PMDRS and S‐FMDRS by three neurologists. Inter‐rater reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Agreement of symptomatic body regions and movement disorder classification was assessed using Light's kappa. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess concurrent validity. A physiotherapist also rated videos on the S‐FMDRS. The simplified scale was piloted in a feasibility study of physiotherapy for FMD to assess sensitivity.ResultsICC of total scores was 0.84 for the original scale and 0.85 for the simplified scale. Light's kappa for agreement of symptomatic body regions and movement disorder classification was moderate to low. Concurrent validity was demonstrated by Spearman's correlation between the two scales ranging from 0.84 to 0.95. The simplified scale was sensitive to change, with an effect size in the feasibility study of 0.79. Inter‐rater reliability between physiotherapist and neurologist was high (ICC 0.85).DiscussionBoth versions of the scale had good inter‐rater reliability for the total score. Low agreement on movement disorder classification and identification of symptomatic body regions support our argument for a simplified scale.ConclusionsThe S‐FMDRS has high inter‐rater reliability and good sensitivity to change. Further psychometric evaluation is warranted.
Constant risk aversion in stochastic contests with exponential completion times
Authors: Canbolat Pelin G. , Rothblum Uriel G. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis article analyzes a class of stochastic contests among multiple players under risk‐averse exponential utility. In these contests, players compete over the completion of a task by simultaneously deciding on their investment, which determines how fast they complete the task. The completion time of the task for each player is assumed to be an exponentially distributed random variable with rate linear in the player's investment and the completion times of different players are assumed to be stochastically independent. The player that completes the task first earns a prize whereas the remaining players earn nothing. The article establishes a one‐to‐one correspondence between the Nash equilibrium of this contest with respect to risk‐averse exponential utilities and the nonnegative solution of a nonlinear equation. Using the properties of the latter, it proves the existence and the uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium, and provides an efficient method to compute it. It exploits the resulting representation of the equilibrium investments to determine the effects of risk aversion and the differences between the outcome of the Nash equilibrium and that of a centralized version.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 66:4–14, 2019
Phase III trial comparing the efficacy and safety of recombinant‐ or urine‐derived human chorionic gonadotropin for ovulation triggering in Japanese women diagnosed with anovulation or oligo‐ovulation and undergoing ovulation induction with follitropin‐alfa
Authors: Ikenaga Hideyuki , Tanaka Yudai , Shiotani Masahide , Rogoff Daniela , Shimizu Shin , Ishihara Osamu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimOutside of Japan, recombinant‐human chorionic gonadotropin (r‐hCG) is widely used for the induction of final follicular maturation and early luteinization in women undergoing ovulation induction; whereas in Japan, urine‐derived hCG (u‐hCG) is predominantly used. The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate the non‐inferiority of r‐hCG to u‐hCG for ovulation induction, as assessed by the ovulation rate.MethodsThis was an open‐label, parallel‐group, randomized, multicenter, phase III trial in Japanese women with anovulation or oligo‐ovulation secondary to hypothalamic–pituitary dysfunction or polycystic ovary syndrome, undergoing ovulation induction with recombinant‐human follicle‐stimulating hormone. The women were randomized (2:1) to receive either a single 250 μg s.c. dose of r‐hCG or a single 5000 IU i.m. dose of u‐hCG for ovulation triggering.ResultsEighty‐one women were randomized to either r‐hCG (n=54) or u‐hCG (n=27). Ovulation occurred in 100% of the participants and treatment with r‐hCG was observed to be non‐inferior to u‐hCG for ovulation induction. Overall, the type and severity of adverse events were as expected for women receiving fertility treatment.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that r‐hCG was non‐inferior to u‐hCG for inducing ovulation. Furthermore, r‐hCG demonstrated an expected safety profile, with no new safety concerns identified.
Equilibrium between anti‐oxidants and reactive oxygen species: a requisite for oocyte development and maturation
Authors: Kala Manika , Shaikh Muhammad Vaseem , Nivsarkar Manish 
Published: January 2017

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) are required for cellular functioning and are controlled by anti‐oxidants. TheROSinfluence the follicles, oocytes, endometrium, and their environment. The luteinizing hormone surge initiates a massive recruitment ofROSthat modulates major reproductive functions namely, oocyte maturation, ovarian steroidogenesis, corpus luteal function, and luteolysis. The anti‐oxidant system balancesROSgeneration and maintains the cellular functions. Both enzymatic and non‐enzymatic anti‐oxidants namely, vitamins and minerals are present in the follicles and protect the oocytes from the damaging effects ofROS. The overproduction ofROSleads to oxidative stress that affects the quality of oocytes and subsequent anovulation. Although researchers have tried to establish the role ofROSand anti‐oxidants in oocyte development, still this aspect needs to be revisited. This review discusses the importance of theROSand anti‐oxidant balance that is required for the development and maturation of oocytes. There are increasing data on the activity ofROSand anti‐oxidants in supporting oocyte development and maturation. However, extensive research is required to identify the safe physiological concentration and duration of both theROSand anti‐oxidants that are required to facilitate oocyte development and maturation during in vitro and in vivo conditions.
Efficient arithmetic on ARM‐NEON and its application for high‐speed RSA implementation
Authors: Seo Hwajeong , Liu Zhe , Großschädl Johann , Kim Howon 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAdvanced modern processors support single instruction, multiple data instructions (e.g., Intel‐AVX and ARM‐NEON) and a massive body of research on vector‐parallel implementations of modular arithmetic, which are crucial components for modern public‐key cryptography ranging from Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman (RSA), ElGamal, Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA), and elliptic curve cryptography, have been conducted. In this paper, we introduce a novel double operand scanning method to speed up multi‐precision squaring with non‐redundant representations on single instruction, multiple data architecture where the part of the operands are doubled to compute the squaring operation without read‐after‐write dependencies between source and destination variables. Afterwards, Karatsuba algorithm is applied to both multiplication and squaring operations. For modular multiplication, separated Montgomery algorithm is chosen. Finally, the Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman (RSA) implementations outperform the best‐known results on the ARM‐NEON platforms. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An access control scheme with dynamic user management and cloud‐aided decryption
Authors: Shi Jiaoli , Huang Chuanhe , Wang Jing , He Kai , Shen Xieyang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCiphertext‐policy attribute‐based encryption is becoming a cryptographic solution to realize fine‐grained access control. However, some important problems have not been effectively solved yet such as (i) low efficiency of dynamic change of a user or his attribute and (ii) high computation cost at user end. In this paper, we propose an access control scheme with dynamic user management using a version key and especially realize direct cloud‐aided attribute revocation without updating another user's key or re‐encrypting ciphertexts. We present a cloud‐aided decryption method with which most of decrypting work can be transferred to cloud. Compared with the existing schemes, our scheme causes less computation cost at user end and supports efficient dynamic change of a user or his attribute. Simulation indicates that our direct cloud‐aided attribute revocation method takes less time. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Concise Synthesis of a Pentasaccharide Repeating Unit Corresponding to the O‐Antigen of Salmonella Enterica O51
Authors: Bhaumik Ishani , Misra Anup Kumar 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA pentasaccharide repeating unit corresponding to the cell wall O‐antigen of Salmonella enterica O51 has been synthesized as its 2‐aminoethyl glycoside adopting a sequential stereoselective glycosylation strategy. Judiciously functionalized monosaccharide intermediates were prepared and stereoselectively assembled to get the desired pentasaccharide derivative in excellent yield. An elegant one‐pot reaction condition has been applied for the stereoselective glycosylation and p‐methoxybenzyl group deprotection.
Absorption competition quenching mechanism of porous covalent organic polymer as luminescent sensor for selective sensing Fe3+
Authors: Guo Lin , Zeng Xiaofei , Lan Jianhui , Yun Jimmy , Cao Dapeng 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDeveloping luminescent sensors for highly selective detecting Fe3+ is a very important topic, because Fe3+ plays a key role in human's living environment. In this work, we use tetrakis (p‐broMophenyl) methane as a monomer, and 4,4′‐Dibromobiphenyl, 9,10‐Dibromoanthracene, and 1,4‐dibromonaphthalene as another monomer to synthesize three porous luminescent covalent‐organic polymers (COPs) by Ni‐catalyzed Yamamoto reaction respectively. Results indicate that these COPs exhibit excellent selectivity and sensitivity for detecting Fe3+ in 10 wt% ethanol aqueous solutions. By using the three COPs as representative sensors, we reveal the absorption competition quenching (ACQ) mechanism of the COPs for sensing Fe3+, i. e., the absorption spectrum overlap between the COPs and analytes leads to a competition of absorption of the light source between the analyte and the COP material, which causes the luminescence quenching of the COPs in detecting analytes. For all cases studied here, the ACQ mechanism takes effect. It is expected that the ACQ mechanism provided here can be used as an efficient strategy to design the new luminescent sensors for applications of interest.
ISCEV Standard for clinical electro-oculography (2017 update)
Authors: Constable Paul A. , Bach Michael , Frishman Laura J. , Jeffrey Brett G. , Robson Anthony G. ,   for the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The clinical electro-oculogram (EOG) is an electrophysiological test of the outer retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in which changes in the electrical potential across the RPE are recorded during successive periods of dark and light adaptation. This document presents the 2017 EOG Standard from the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV: www.iscev.org). This standard has been reorganized and updated to include an explanation of the mechanism of the EOG, but without substantive changes to the testing protocol from the previous version published in 2011. It describes methods for recording the EOG in clinical applications and gives detailed guidance on technical requirements, practical issues and reporting of results with the main clinical measure (the Arden ratio) now termed the light peak:dark trough ratio. The standard is intended to promote consistent quality of testing and reporting within and between clinical centers.
Granitoids of the Magba Shear Zone, West Cameroon, Central Africa: Evidences for Emplacement under Transpressive Tectonic Regime
Authors: Ntieche Benjamin , Mohan M. Ram , Amidou Moundi 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
The Magba Shear Zone is made up of granites, migmatites, orthogneiss, metagabbro, mafic dyke and mylonites with coarse grained texture, porphyroblastic, granoblastic, cataclastic and mylonitic texture respectively. Structural features and kinematic indicators testify the syntectonic emplacement of Magba granitoids and also provide detailed information on the relative timing of deformation as follows: (1) D1 of tangential movement immediately followed by (2) the D2 phase which is heterogeneous simple shear in dextral transpressive context with a NW-SE direction (3) D3 tectonic phase is marked by sinistral transpressive tectonic and superposed folding with a NE-SW kinematic direction. Combined ductile NE-SW shear movements and NW-SE compressional movements defined a transpressional tectonic regime during the D3 deformation (4) A brittle stage D4 is controlled by transcurrent tectonics and responsible for the emplacement of faults, and joints. The Magba granites would have intruded along sub-vertical mid-crustal feeder channels and were emplaced as a sheet or sheets along the shear zone during the early stage of the C3 shearing, followed by gabbro and mafic dyke at the late stage. Strike-slip dilatancy pumping under transpressive tectonic is suggested as a possible mechanism for the emplacement of the Magba granites.
Comorbidities of Atopic Dermatitis: Beyond Rhinitis and Asthma
Authors: Andersen Yuki M.F. , Egeberg Alexander , Skov Lone , Thyssen Jacob P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review article, we summarize the current evidence about atopic dermatitis (AD)-associated comorbidities, beyond the traditional atopic and allergic conditions.Recent FindingsPatients with AD may have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, certain malignancies, autoimmune diseases, and neuropsychiatric diseases. The causes of these associations are likely multifactorial and may include genetic predispositions, systemic low-grade inflammation, environmental exposures, medication, and lifestyle and behavioral risk factors. There appears to be geographical variations in prevalence of comorbidities in patients with AD, indicating that differences in ethnicity and lifestyle factors may significantly influence the risk of certain comorbidities.SummaryThe reported comorbidities in recent literature emphasize the burden of disease in patients with AD. Early appropriate AD therapy, in combination with reduction of risk factors, may help prevention of certain comorbidities. The reported observations may generate hypotheses for future investigations in underlying risk factors for AD-associated comorbidities.
Why locate manufacturing in a high‐cost country? A case study of 35 production location decisions
Authors: Ketokivi Mikko , Turkulainen Virpi , Seppälä Timo , Rouvinen Petri , Ali‐Yrkkö Jyrki 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we examine in detail 35 final assembly location decisions to gain understanding of the manufacturing location decision from strategy and economic policy perspectives. We are particularly interested in the decision to locate final assembly specifically in a high‐cost (high GDP per capita) environment. In contrast with the earlier literature, we focus not just on manufacturing activities themselves, but also the key linkages between production, market, supply chain, and product development. These linkages are examined using three key concepts from theories of organization design: formalization, specificity, and coupling. Using these concepts, an analysis of the micro‐structure of each case reveals important commonalities that inform our understanding of location decisions. We conclude by discussing the policy implications of our findings.
An amylin analog used as a challenge test for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhu Haihao , Stern Robert A. , Tao Qiushan , Bourlas Alexandra , Essis Maritza D. , Chivukula Meenakshi , Rosenzweig James , Steenkamp Devin , Xia Weiming , Mercier Gustavo A. , Tripodis Yorghos , Farlow Martin , Kowall Neil , Qiu Wei Qiao 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroductionPreclinical studies demonstrate the potential of amylin in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to lay the foundation for repurposing the amylin analog and a diabetes drug, pramlintide, for AD in humans.MethodsWe administered a single subcutaneous injection of 60 μg of pramlintide to nondiabetic subjects under fasting conditions.ResultsNone of the participants developed hypoglycemia after the injection of pramlintide. The pramlintide challenge induced a significant surge of amyloid‐β peptide and a decrease in total tau in the plasma of AD subjects but not in control participants. The pramlintide injection provoked an increase in interleukin 1 receptor antagonist and a decrease in retinol‐binding protein 4, which separates AD subjects from control subjects.DiscussionPramlintide use appeared to be safe in the absence of diabetes. The biomarker changes as a result of the pramlintide challenge, which distinguished AD from control subjects and mild cognitive impairment.
Development of an Evacuation Tool to Facilitate Disaster Preparedness: Use in a Planned Evacuation to Support a Hospital Move
Authors: Rozenfeld Ranna A. , Reynolds Sally L. , Ewing Sherri , Crulcich Mary Margaret , Stephenson Michelle 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectivesOur institution relocated to a new facility 3.5 miles from our original location in Chicago on June 9, 2012. We describe the tools we developed to prepare, execute, and manage our evacuation and relocation.MethodsTools developed for the planned evacuation included the following: level of acuity and team composition classification, patient departure checklist, evacuation handoff tool, and a patient tracking system within the electronic health record. Incident Command structure was utilized.ResultsMonthly census tracking exercises were held beginning 12 months before the evacuation. Simulation drills began 6 months before the evacuation. The entire evacuation took less than 14 hours and there were no safety issues. A total of 127 patients were transported to the new facility: 45 patients were moved via the Neonatal/Pediatric Critical Care Transport Team, and the rest were moved with various team configurations.ConclusionDocuments developed for a planned evacuation can be used for any planned or unplanned evacuation. We believe the tools we used to prepare, execute, and manage our evacuation and relocation would assist any health care facility to be better prepared to safely and efficiently evacuate patients in the event of a disaster, or to create surge capacity, and relocate them to another facility. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:479–486)
Probability of Debonding and Effective Elastic Properties of Particle-Reinforced Composites
Authors: Bian L. C. , Liu W. , Pan J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the effective properties of particle-reinforced composites with a weakened interphase are investigated. The particle and interphase are regarded as an equivalent-inclusion, and the interphase zone around the particle is modeled as a linear elastic spring layer. A modified micro-mechanics model is proposed to obtain the effective elastic modulus. Moreover, a statistical debonding criterion is proposed to characterize the varying probability of the evolution of interphase debonding. Numerical examples are considered to illustrate the effect of imperfect interphases on the effective properties of particle-reinforced composites. It is found that the effective elastic properties obtained in the present work are in a good agreement with the existing data from the literatures.
Roughness of a subglacial conduit under Hansbreen, Svalbard
Authors: MANKOFF KENNETH D. , GULLEY JASON D. , TULACZYK SLAWEK M. , COVINGTON MATTHEW D. , LIU XIAOFENG , CHEN YUNXIANG , BENN DOUGLAS I. , GŁOWACKI PIOTR S. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTHydraulic roughness exerts an important but poorly understood control on water pressure in subglacial conduits. Where relative roughness values are <5%, hydraulic roughness can be related to relative roughness using empirically-derived equations such as the Colebrook–White equation. General relationships between hydraulic roughness and relative roughness do not exist for relative roughness >5%. Here we report the first quantitative assessment of roughness heights and hydraulic diameters in a subglacial conduit. We measured roughness heights in a 125 m long section of a subglacial conduit using structure-from-motion to produce a digital surface model, and hand-measurements of theb-axis of rocks. We found roughness heights from 0.07 to 0.22 m and cross-sectional areas of 1–2 m2, resulting in relative roughness of 3–12% and >5% for most locations. A simple geometric model of varying conduit diameter shows that when the conduit is small relative roughness is >30% and has large variability. Our results suggest that parameterizations of conduit hydraulic roughness in subglacial hydrological models will remain challenging until hydraulic diameters exceed roughness heights by a factor of 20, or the conduit radius is >1 m for the roughness elements observed here.
The court as a battlefield: the art of war and the art of politics in the Han Feizi
Authors: Galvany Albert 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMost scholarly contributions analysing the Han Feizi tend not only to overlook the influence military literature might have had on its conception and unfolding, but also to assert that the figure of the ruler, as described in this text, and that of the commander, as portrayed in military treatises, are incompatible. In refuting this view, I shall attempt to demonstrate that the writings collected in the Han Feizi fully embrace the logic of military confrontation, which entails, among other things, the deployment of deception and irregular procedures as a necessary means to secure sovereign power and to achieve a complete control of the administration. Accordingly, I shall show that a comprehensive understanding of this important work in the history of classical Chinese thought is not possible unless one takes into account this convergence of shared ideas and concepts from both spheres, that of military strategy and that of political science as set forth in the Han Feizi.