bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOST, an LNGFR target, inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of rat ectomesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Li Gang , Liu Junyu , Zhao Manzhu , Wang Yingying , Yang Kun , Liu Chang , Xiao Yong , Wen Xiujie , Liu Luchuan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate whether sclerostin (SOST) regulates the osteogenic differentiation of rat ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) and whether SOST and low‐affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR) regulate the osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs.Materials and methodsEMSCs were isolated from embryonic facial processes from an embryonic 12.5‐day (E12.5d) pregnant Sprague‐Dawley rat. LNGFR+ EMSCs and LNGFR− EMSCs were obtained by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting and were subsequently induced to undergo osteogenic differentiation in vitro. SOST/LNGFR small‐interfering RNAs and SOST/LNGFR overexpression plasmids were used to transfect EMSCs.ResultsLNGFR+ EMSCs displayed a higher osteogenic capacity and lower SOST levels compared with LNGFR− EMSCs. SOST silencing enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of LNGFR− EMSCs, while SOST overexpression attenuated the osteogenic differentiation of LNGFR+ EMSCs. Moreover, LNGFR was present upstream of SOST and strengthened the osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs by decreasing SOST.ConclusionsSOST alleviated the osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs, and LNGFR enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs by decreasing SOST, suggesting that the LNGFR/SOST pathway may be a novel target for promoting dental tissue regeneration and engineering.
Spontaneous death of rat chloroleukaemia cells induced by an endogenous growth inhibitor
Authors: Rytömaa T. , Grip‐Rytömaa K. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectivesWhen rat chloroleukaemia (CHL) cells are grown undisturbed in a confined space, a genomic long interspersed nuclear element (LINE) is transcriptionally activated at a relatively low population density, followed by the retrotransposition of LINE and population death. This death programme is fundamentally different from conventional cell death pathways.Materials and methodsThis work is essentially based on the re‐analysis of relevant, old experimental data. Elemental analysis of a highly purified, long‐stored inhibitor sample was performed. Genomic sequence searches were performed using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST).ResultsThis death programme is initiated by an endogenous inhibitor secreted by CHL cells. The inhibitor is almost certainly identical to the pentapeptide pyroGlu‐Glu‐Asp‐Cys‐Lys, shown to be a cell line‐specific inhibitor of normal granulocytic cells. The inhibitor is derived from a highly conserved short open reading frame in mammalian genomes.ConclusionsAlthough spontaneous population death may be a biological oddity restricted to rat CHL cells, we suggest that this death programme is responsible for the eradication of cancer cells following treatment with an inhibitor administered exogenously.
ZEB1‐AS1: A crucial cancer‐related long non‐coding RNA
Authors: Li Jinglin , Li Zhenglong , Leng Kaiming , Xu Yi , Ji Daolin , Huang Lining , Cui Yunfu , Jiang Xingming 
Published: December 2017

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) recently emerge as a novel class of non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with larger than 200 nucleotides in length. Due to lack an obvious open reading frame, lncRNAs have no or limited protein‐coding potential. To date, accumulating evidence indicates the vital regulatory function of lncRNAs in pathological processes of human diseases, especially in carcinogenesis and development. Deregulation of lncRNAs not only alters cellular biological behavior, such as proliferation, migration and invasion, but also represents the poor clinical outcomes. Zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox 1 antisense 1 (ZEB1‐AS1), an outstanding cancer‐related lncRNA, is identified as an oncogenic regulator in diverse malignancies. Dysregulation of ZEB1‐AS1 has been demonstrated to exhibit a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and progression, suggesting its potential clinical value as a promising biomarker or therapeutic target for cancers. In this review, we make a summary on the current findings regarding the biological functions, underlying mechanisms and clinical significance of ZEB1‐AS1 in cancer progression.
Efficacy and safety of low‐dose urokinase for the treatment of hemodynamically stable AECOPD patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Jing Xiaogang , Zhang Guojun , Zhang Beifeng , Dai Lingling , Wang Xi , Jia Liuqun , Wang Huan , An Lin , Yang Yuanjian , Cheng Zhe 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to assess the incidence of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD),and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low‐dose urokinase (UK) thrombolysis therapy when treating hemodynamically stable AECOPD patients with acute PTE (AECOPD‐PTE).MethodsA total of 419 AECOPD patients, including 96 AECOPD‐PTE, were enrolled. A total of 30 AECOPD‐PTE patients were collected retrospectively, and 66 AECOPD‐PTE patients were prospectively divided into anticoagulation‐only, low‐dose UK and standard‐dose UK groups. Follow‐up 1 year, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of low‐dose UK therapy for hemodynamically stable AECOPD‐PTE patients.ResultsThe incidence of PTE in AECOPD patients was 22.9% (96/419), which increased with COPD severity degree ranging from 3.5% (2/57) in mild, 13.6% (19/140) in moderate and 33.8% (75/222) in severe subgroups (P < .05). In the prospective study, the total effective rate of low‐dose UK group 97.2% (35/36) was higher than that in anticoagulation 75.0% (12/16) and standard‐dose UK group 78.6% (11/14) respectively (P < .05). In the follow‐up, the adverse events rate in low‐dose UK group 8.3% (3/36) was significantly lower than that in anticoagulation group 25.0% (4/16) and standard‐dose UK group 71.4% (10/14) respectively (P < .05). In addition, the mean PTE recurrence time of low‐dose UK group (9.0 ± 0) months was longer than anticoagulation group (2.0 ± 1.41) months (P < .05). AECOPD relapse time in anticoagulation, low‐dose UK and standard‐dose UK groups corresponding to (8.5 ± 2.12), (9.0 ± 0) and (8.8 ± 3.40) months were compared with no significant difference (P > .05).ConclusionsThe incidence of PTE in AECOPD patients was 22.9%, especially with higher occurrence rate in severe COPD. Compared with anticoagulation‐only therapy, low‐dose UK treatment (500 000 IU/day for 5‐7 days) could obtain a better efficacy and safety in hemodynamically stable AECOPD patients with acute PTE, corresponding with a higher effective rate (97.2%) and lower adverse events rate (8.3%) respectively.
Sex‐linked difference in blood oxygen saturation
Authors: Levental Sagi , Picard Elie , Mimouni Francis , Joseph Leon , Samuel Tal Y , Bromiker Reuben , Mandel Dror , Arish Nissim , Goldberg Shmuel 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundIt is not known whether SpO2 in healthy volunteers is affected by sex.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether there are differences in SpO2 between young healthy adult males and females and to evaluate whether the differences are already present at birth.MethodsWe studied two cohorts of patients. The first one consisted of young adult volunteers (105 males and 102 females). In these patients, SpO2 was measured as well as selected anthropometric variables (height, weight), vital signs (respiratory rate, pulse rate and body temperature) and obtained data on menstrual cycle phase of the female participants. For the second cohort, we reanalyzed data from a previous prospective study that was performed to compare SpO2 of newborns infants born at different altitudes (sea level or 760 m above sea level).Measurements and main resultsIn young male adults, mean SpO2 was 97.1% ± 1.2% versus 98.6% ± 1.0% in females (P < .001). This difference remained significant (P = .002) after correction for BMI, BSA and age, variables that were significantly different between sexes in univariate analysis. The SpO2 in females was unaffected by menstrual phase. In contrast to findings in adults, there were no significant differences in SpO2 measurements in newborn infants attributable to sex.ConclusionsHealthy young female adults have a higher (1.5%) SpO2 than their male counterparts. This difference is not yet present at birth. Further studies are needed to determine the timing of sex‐differences, and to better define the mechanism(s) behind this observation.
Analysis of ABO chimera from peripheral red cells and reticulocytes by flow cytometry and micro gel column technique in patients post‐ABO‐incompatible HSCT
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Liu Feng 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundHow to choose an appropriate method to monitoring dynamic ABO chimera post‐ABO‐incompatible HSCT is crucial to not only assess the status of erythroid engraftment but also achieve personalized safety transfusion.MethodsWe evaluated the efficacy of micro gel column technique (MGCT) and flow cytometry (FCM) by series of artificial ABO chimera mixtures from 0.5% to 50% and by investigating 15 cases of ABO‐incompatible HSCT patients with longitudinally ABO blood grouping and ABO chimera from RBCs and reticulocytes.Results5% and 2% of ABO chimera mixtures can be efficiently detected by MGCT and FCM, respectively. 6.3% of donor RBCs with 44.77% of donor reticulocytes in the early phase and 7.9% of patient RBCs with 96% of donor reticulocytes in the phase of complete donor type can be detected by FCM rather than failure by MGCT simultaneously. However, in case 8#, 8.6% of donor reticulocytes rather than 99.1% of donor RBCs on the 98th day post‐HSCT could adequately predict early relapse.ConclusionsInvestigation of ABO chimera from reticulocytes by FCM is a more effective strategy rather than ABO blood grouping and RBCs by FCM to indicate the true progress of erythroid alteration and achieve personalized safety transfusion post‐ABO‐incompatible HSCT.
Successful pancreas transplantation alone is associated with excellent self‐identified health score and glucose control: A retrospective study from a high‐volume center in the United States
Authors: Scalea Joseph R. , Pettinato Lauren , Fiscella Blythe , Bartosic Amanda , Piedmonte Allison , Paran Jastine , Todi Niket , Siskind Eric J. , Bartlett Stephen T. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe benefits of pancreas transplantation are often difficult to measure. Here, we sought to determine the difference in quality of life for diabetic patients with and without a functional pancreas transplant alone (PTA).MethodsPancreas transplant alone cases from 1993 to 2015 were considered. An IRB‐approved survey inclusive of 15 questions spanning four domains was employed. Chi‐square, Fisher's exact, and the T test were used where appropriate.ResultsA total of 137 PTAs were performed during the study period. Of those reached (n = 32), 94% responded to the survey. Self‐reported health scores were better (2.1 vs 3.0) for those with functioning pancreata (n = 18) vs those with a non‐functional pancreas (n = 14), respectively (P = .036). Those with a functional pancreas had a HgbA1c of 5.3, vs 7.7 for a non‐functional pancreas (P = .016). Significant hypoglycemia was reported in two of 18 with a functional transplant vs nine of 14 patients with a failed transplant (P = .003). Daily frustration with blood sugar affecting quality of life was significantly higher for patients with non‐functional pancreas grafts (P < .001).ConclusionsPancreas transplantation alone is associated with better glucose control than insulin. In addition, recipients of functional PTAs have improved quality of life and better overall health scores than those with failed grafts.
High‐dose intravenous immunoglobulins for the treatment of dermatological autoimmune diseases
Authors: Hoffmann Jochen H.O. , Enk Alexander H. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryBased on their immunomodulatory properties, high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) are successfully used in the treatment of various dermatological autoimmune diseases, in particular pemphigus vulgaris and dermatomyositis. In autoimmune bullous diseases, IVIGs can be used in an adjuvant setting (second‐ or third‐line therapy) once combined immunosuppressive regimens have failed. In dermatomyositis, IVIGs may already be employed as an adjuvant second‐line therapy after failure of corticosteroid monotherapy. In scleromyxedema, IVIGs may be considered as first‐line treatment, given the lack of effective and safe alternatives. Other potential indications for IVIGs may include severe recalcitrant cases of systemic vasculitis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Toxic epidermal necrolysis may be an indication for high‐dose IVIGs if administered early. Common, readily manageable side effects include nausea, headache, fatigue, and febrile infusion reactions. Severe adverse events such as thromboembolic events, anaphylaxis, and acute renal failure are very uncommon. The risk of viral transmission is very low. Potential mechanisms of action include upregulation of inhibitory Fc receptors, reduction of the half‐life of endogenous immunoglobulins due to displacement from protective receptor sites, neutralization of autoantibodies by anti‐idiotypic antibodies, as well as inhibition of complement activation.
Congruent phylogeographic patterns in a young radiation of live‐bearing marine snakes: Pleistocene vicariance and the conservation implications of cryptic genetic diversity
Authors: Lukoschek Vimoksalehi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimTo investigate phylogeographic patterns among and within co‐occurring sea snake species from Australia's endemic viviparous Aipysurus lineage, which includes critically endangered species, and evaluate the conservation implications of geographically structured patterns of genetic divergence and diversity.LocationAustralia's tropical shallow water marine environments spanning four regions: Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Gulf of Carpentaria (GoC), Timor Sea (TS) and coastal WA (WAC).MethodsSamples from >550 snakes representing all nine nominal Aipysurus group species were obtained from throughout their known Australian ranges. Coalescent phylogenetic analyses and Bayesian molecular dating of mitochondrial DNA, combined with Bayesian and traditional population genetic analyses of 11 microsatellite loci, were used to evaluate genetic divergence and diversity.ResultsMitochondrial DNA revealed highly congruent phylogeographic breaks among co‐occurring species, largely supported by nuclear microsatellites. For each species, each region was characterized by a unique suite of haplotypes (phylogroups). Divergences between the TS, GoC and/or GBR were invariably shallow and dated as occurring 50,000–130,000 years ago, coinciding with the cyclic Pleistocene emergence of the Torres Strait land bridge. By contrast, sea snakes from coastal WA were consistently highly divergent from other regions and dated as diverging 178,000–526,000 years ago, which was not associated with any known vicariant events.Main ConclusionsPreviously unappreciated highly divergent sea snake lineages in coastal WA potentially represent cryptic species, highlighting this region as a high‐priority area for conservation. The cyclic emergence of the Torres Strait land bridge is consisted with observed divergences between the TS, GoC and/or GBR; however, processes involved in the earlier divergences involving the WAC remain to be determined. The observed strong population genetic structures (as surrogates for dispersal) indicate that sea snakes have limited potential to reverse population declines via replenishment from other sources over time frames relevant to conservation.
Consolidation of vocabulary is associated with sleep in typically developing children, but not in children with dyslexia
Authors: Smith Faye R.H. , Gaskell M. Gareth , Weighall Anna R. , Warmington Meesha , Reid Alexander M. , Henderson Lisa M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSleep is known to play an active role in consolidating new vocabulary in adults; however, the mechanisms by which sleep promotes vocabulary consolidation in childhood are less well understood. Furthermore, there has been no investigation into whether previously reported differences in sleep architecture might account for variability in vocabulary consolidation in children with dyslexia. Twenty‐three children with dyslexia and 29 age‐matched typically developing peers were exposed to 16 novel spoken words. Typically developing children showed overnight improvements in novel word recall; the size of the improvement correlated positively with slow wave activity, similar to previous findings with adults. Children with dyslexia showed poorer recall of the novel words overall, but nevertheless showed overnight improvements similar to age‐matched peers. However, comparisons with younger children matched on initial levels of novel word recall pointed to reduced consolidation in dyslexics after 1 week. Crucially, there were no significant correlations between overnight consolidation and sleep parameters in the dyslexic group. This suggests a reduced role of sleep in vocabulary consolidation in dyslexia, possibly as a consequence of lower levels of learning prior to sleep, and highlights how models of sleep‐associated memory consolidation can be usefully informed by data from typical and atypical development.
CT pulmonary angiogram for assessing the treatment outcome of acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Zhou Hai‐Ting , Yan Wen‐Ying , Zhao De‐Li , Liang Hong‐Wei , Wang Guo‐Kun , Ling Zai‐Sheng , Zhang Jin‐Ling 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveTo discuss the value of CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) for assessing the treatment outcome of acute pulmonary embolism (APE).Materials and methodsCT pulmonary angiogram data and other clinical data were collected for 28 cases diagnosed as APE and analyzed retrospectively. The number and positions of emboli in the pulmonary artery, pulmonary artery obstruction index, right ventricular/left ventricular diameter ratio, main pulmonary artery/ascending aorta diameter ratio and blood oxygen saturation, and pulmonary arterial pressure were compared before and after treatment.ResultsOf 28 cases, emboli in the pulmonary artery completely or partially disappeared in 16 and 12 cases, respectively. CPTA indicated that the pulmonary arterial pressure decreased dramatically and the blood oxygen saturation increased after treatment in 26 cases. There were significant differences in the number and positions of pulmonary emboli and in pulmonary artery obstruction index before and after treatment in 28 cases (P < .05). However, no significant differences were found in the right ventricular/left ventricular diameter ratio or main pulmonary artery/ascending aorta diameter ratio (P > .05).ConclusionCT pulmonary angiogram proved reliable for assessing the treatment efficacy of APE, providing more clinical information on the patients’ status.
Decision shaping neutrophil‐platelet interplay in inflammation: From physiology to intervention
Authors: Soehnlein Oliver 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInflammation is a well‐coordinated process in response to tissue injury or infection aimed at restoration of tissue homoeostasis. Platelets and neutrophils are typically viewed important in the context of haemostasis and bacterial killing, respectively. However, as these cells are equipped with readily available armoury, both have received much attention for their importance in shaping the early inflammatory reaction in recent years. While some of these activities are executed individually, both cells join forces during much of their pro‐inflammatory activities. This brief review summarizes recently identified mechanisms of neutrophil‐platelet interaction and describes functional consequences on neutrophil trafficking and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps. Moreover, the synergy of neutrophils and platelets during the recruitment of monocytes is reviewed. Finally, this review discusses how knowledge on the intimate neutrophil‐platelet partnership can be employed to design interventional strategies.
Predictive value of 18F‐FDG PET/CT scanning in combination with clinical parameters in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Tu Honglei , He Yong , Huang Tianhe , Choe Songguk , lan Xiaoli , Duan Xiaoyi , Sattar Haseeb , Li Chongjiao , Zhou Fuling 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association of 18F‐2′‐deoxy 2′‐fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) PET/CT with clinical parameters in predicting patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM).MethodsA total of 120 MM patients undergoing 18F‐FDG PET/CT scanning were analyzed in a retrospective cohort study.ResultsBased on multivariate analysis, β2M, LDH, number of focal lesions (FLs), and SUVmax were significantly correlated with OS. These 4 variables were used to construct a new staging system (NSS) based on the number of risk factors. NSS provided a better discrimination of risk between stages III and II than International staging system (ISS) (P < .001 vs P = .086). For OS, there was no significant difference among risk groups in Durie‐Salmon (DS) stage (P > .05). Based on Spearman correlation analysis, the presence of lesions in appendicular skeleton, number of FLs, and SUVmax appeared to indicate advanced stage of MM. ROC curves which showed the combination of β2M with calcium got a specificity of 96.3% for lesions in appendicular skeleton, and LDH alone had 100% specificity in predicting the number of FLs, although the sensitivity was only 50%.Conclusions18F‐FDG PET/CT in combination with clinical parameters provided an accurate and simple method for risk stratification of patients with newly diagnosed MM.
Case Report: Treatment of light‐chain amyloidosis with daratumumab monotherapy in two patients
Authors: Gran Charlotte , Gahrton Gösta , Alici Evren , Nahi Hareth 
Published: December 2017

AbstractImmunoglobulin light‐chain amyloidosis (AL) affects multiple organs, most prominently the kidney and the heart. Renal and cardiac impairment are both associated with poor prognosis and most patients die as a consequence of renal or cardiac failure. Monoclonal antibodies such as daratumumab (human IgG1 anti‐CD38) and elotuzumab (anti‐SLAMF7) have shown promising efficacy for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. In this case report we show 2 patients with severe AL, one with severe heart failure and one with heart and renal failure, undergoing treatment with daratumumab. Both patients showed a rapid decrease in FLC in response to daratumumab infusions, with few associated adverse events. Using therapeutic CD38 antibodies as a front‐line treatment for AL could induce rapid responses while maintaining a tolerable safety profile in these ultra‐fragile patients.
Generalized estimating equations: A pragmatic and flexible approach to the marginalGLMmodelling of correlated data in the behavioural sciences
Authors: Pekár Stano , Brabec Marek 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWithin behavioural research, non‐normally distributed data with a complicated structure are common. For instance, data can represent repeated observations of quantities on the same individual. The regression analysis of such data is complicated both by the interdependency of the observations (response variables) and by their non‐normal distribution. Over the last decade, such data have been more and more frequently analysed using generalized mixed‐effect models. Some researchers invoke the heavy machinery of mixed‐effect modelling to obtain the desired population‐level (marginal) inference, which can be achieved by using simpler tools—namely by marginal models. This paper highlights marginal modelling (using generalized estimating equations [GEE]) as an alternative method. In various situations,GEEcan be based on fewer assumptions and directly generate estimates (population‐level parameters) which are of immediate interest to the behavioural researcher (such as population means). Using four examples from behavioural research, we demonstrate the use, advantages, and limits of theGEEapproach as implemented within the functions of the ‘geepack’ package in R.