bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel prognostic index—neutrophil times γ-glutamyl transpeptidase to lymphocyte ratio (NγLR) predicts outcome for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Jun , Liao Yan , Suo Liya , Zhu Pengpeng , Chen Xinhuang , Dang Wei , Liao Minjun , Qin Liling , Liao Weijia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractClinical outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are highly variable. This study aims to identify and validate a simple, readily available, and objective prognostic index for the management of HCC. Data from 724 HCC patients undergoing curative resection were evaluated and randomly divided into two cohorts for building and validating the prognostic index. A best model, NγLR = (neutrophil count [109/L] × γ-glutamyl transpeptidase [U/L]) /(lymphocyte count [109/L] × U/L), was selected. An optimal cut-off value of 103.6 for NγLR stratified patients into high NγLR (>103.6) and low NγLR (≤103.6) groups. NγLR > 103.6 was closely associated with HCC malignant characteristics. Elevated NγLR predicted a worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for HCC patients and remained an independent predictor for both types of survival. Moreover, early recurrence rates in patients with NγLR > 103.6 were higher than that in patients with NγLR ≤ 103.6 (P < 0.0001). NγLR was an important independent predictor of survival for HCC patients and might be a new promising method to identify patients at different risks of early recurrence and survival after curative resection.
RIPK1 protects hepatocytes from death in Fas-induced hepatitis
Authors: Filliol Aveline , Farooq Muhammad , Piquet-Pellorce Claire , Genet Valentine , Dimanche-Boitrel Marie-Thérèse , Vandenabeele Peter , Bertrand Mathieu J. M. , Samson Michel , Le Seyec Jacques 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHepatocyte death is a central event during liver disease progression, in which immune cells play key roles by activating members of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily (TNFRSF), including TNFR1 (TNFRSF1A), Fas (TNFRSF6) and TRAIL-R2 (TNFRSF10B). Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase 1 (RIPK1) emerged as a signaling node downstream of these receptors. In the case of TNFR1, RIPK1 has been demonstrated to paradoxically serve as a scaffold to promote the survival of hepatocytes and as a kinase to kill them. To evaluate whether RIPK1 also protects hepatocytes from death in response to FasL or TRAIL, we took advantage of liver parenchymal cell-specificRipk1knockout mice (Ripk1LPC-KO). We found thatRipk1LPC-KOmice, as well as primary hepatocytes derived from them, were more susceptible to Fas-mediated apoptosis than their respective WT counterparts. Fas-induced hepatocyte death was independent of TNF-α signaling. Interestingly, while TRAIL administration did not induce hepatitis inRipk1LPC-KOmice or in their WT counterparts, its combination with IFN-γ only induced TNF-α dependent apoptosis in theRipk1LPC-KOmice. Together, our data demonstrate the protective role of RIPK1 downstream of Fas and highlight the general protective function of RIPK1 in hepatocytes exposed to inflammatory conditions, where TNF-α, FasL and/or TRAIL are present.
Unraveling the correlation between microbiota succession and metabolite changes in traditional Shanxi aged vinegar
Authors: Nie Zhiqiang , Zheng Yu , Xie Sankuan , Zhang Xianglong , Song Jia , Xia Menglei , Wang Min 
Published: August 2017

AbstractShanxi aged vinegar (SAV) is a well-known vinegar produced by traditional solid-state fermentation and has been used in China for thousands of years. However, how microorganisms and their metabolites change along with fermentation is unclear. Here, 454 high-throughput sequencing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis were used to investigate the composition of microbial community. Metabolites were further analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high–performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that the composition of bacterial community changed dramatically at different stages of fermentation. The bacterial genera (relative abundance > 0.1%) decreased from 17 in daqu (starter used in starch saccharification) to 2 at the 12th day of alcohol fernemtation (AF). 15 bacterial genera at the 1st day of acetic acid fermentation (AAF) decreased to 4 genera, involving Acetobacter (50.9%), Lactobacillus (47.9%), Komagataeibacter (formerly Gluconacetobacter, 0.7%) and Propionibacterium (0.1%) at the 7th day of AAF. The structure of fungal community was more homogeneous. Saccharomyces and Saccharomycopsis were predominant in AF and AAF. A total of 87 kinds of nonvolatile metabolites were detected. Canonical correspondence analysis showed a significant correlation between the microbiota succession and the formation of metabolites during the fermentation of SAV. This study provides detailed information for the fermentation mechanism of traditional SAV.
Shade Inhibits Leaf Size by Controlling Cell Proliferation and Enlargement in Soybean
Authors: Wu Yushan , Gong Wanzhuo , Yang Wenyu 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTo gain more insight into the physiological function of shade and how shade affects leaf size, we investigated the growth, leaf anatomical structure, hormones and genes expressions in soybean. Soybean seeds were sown in plastic pots and were allowed to germinate and grow for 30 days under shade or full sunlight conditions. Shade treated plants showed significantly increase on stem length and petiole length, and decrease on stem diameters, shoot biomass and its partition to leaf also were significantly lower than that in full sunlight. Smaller and thinner on shade treated leaves than corresponding leaves on full sunlight plants. The decreased leaf size caused by shade was largely attributable to cell proliferation in young leaves and both cell proliferation and enlargement in old leaves. Shade induced the expression of a set of genes related to cell proliferation and/or enlargement, but depended on the developmental stage of leaf. Shade significantly increased the auxin and gibberellin content, and significantly decreased the cytokinin content in young, middle and old leaves. Taken together, these results indicated that shade inhibited leaf size by controlling cell proliferation and enlargement, auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin may play important roles in this process.
Deep-ultraviolet second-harmonic generation by combined degenerate four-wave mixing and surface nonlinearity polarization in photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Yuan Jinhui , Kang Zhe , Li Feng , Zhou Guiyao , Zhang Xianting , Mei Chao , Sang Xinzhu , Wu Qiang , Yan Binbin , Zhou Xian , Zhong Kangping , Wang Kuiru , Yu Chongxiu , Lu Chao , Tam Hwa Yaw , Wai P. K. A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDeep-ultraviolet (UV) second-harmonics (SHs) have important applications in basic physics and applied sciences. However, it still remains challenging to generate deep-UV SHs especially in optical fibers. Here, for the first time, we experimentally demonstrate the deep-UV SH generations (SHGs) by combined degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) and surface nonlinearity polarization in an in-house designed and fabricated air-silica photonic crystal fiber (PCF). When femtosecond pump pulses with average input power Pav of 650 mW and center wavelength λp of 810, 820, 830, and 840 nm are coupled into the normal dispersion region close to the zero-dispersion wavelength of the fundamental mode of the PCF, the anti-Stokes waves induced by degenerate FWM process are tunable from 669 to 612 nm. Then, they serve as the secondary pump, and deep-UV SHs are generated within the wavelength range of 334.5 to 306 nm as a result of surface nonlinearity polarization at the core-cladding interface of the PCF. The physical mechanism of the SHGs is confirmed by studying the dependences of the output power PSH of the SHs on the PCF length and time. Finally, we also establish a theoretical model to analyze the SHGs.
Development of a versatile and conventional technique for gene disruption in filamentous fungi based on CRISPR-Cas9 technology
Authors: Zheng Yan-Mei , Lin Fu-Long , Gao Hao , Zou Gen , Zhang Jiang-Wei , Wang Gao-Qian , Chen Guo-Dong , Zhou Zhi-Hua , Yao Xin-Sheng , Hu Dan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFilamentous fungi represent an invaluable source of pharmaceutically active compounds. The development of versatile methods to genetically manipulate filamentous fungi is of great value for improving the low yields of bioactive metabolites and expanding chemical diversity. The CRISPR-Cas9-based system has become a common platform for genome editing in a variety of organisms. However, recent application of this technology in filamentous fungi is limited to model strains, a versatile method for efficient gene disruption in different fungi is lacking. Here, we investigated the utility of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in a less-studied fungus Nodulisporium sp. (No. 65-12-7-1), and we have developed an efficient CRISPR-Cas9-based gene disruption strategy by simultaneous transformation of in vitro transcriptional gRNA and the linear maker gene cassette into the Cas9-expressing fungi. We found that the linear marker gene cassette could not only allow for selection of transformants, but also significantly enhance the gene disruption efficiency by inserting itself into the Cas9 cut site. Moreover, the above approach also demonstrated its efficiency in two other phylogenetically distinct strains Aspergillus oryzae NSAR1 and Sporormiella minima (No. 40-1-4-1) from two different classes of Ascomycota. These results suggested that a versatile CRISPR-Cas9-based gene disruption method in filamentous fungi was established.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Activation of PERK-Nrf2 oncogenic signaling promotes Mdm2-mediated Rb degradation in persistently infected HCV culture
Authors: Aydin Yucel , Chedid Milad , Chava Srinivas , Danielle Williams Donkita , Liu Shuanghu , Hagedorn Curt H. , Sumitran-Holgersson Suchitra , Reiss Krzysztof , Moroz Krzysztof , Lu Hua , Balart Luis A. , Dash Srikanta 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe mechanism of how chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection leads to such a high rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. We found that the PERK axis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress elicited prominent nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in 100% of HCV infected hepatocytes. The sustained nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in chronically infected culture induces Mdm2-mediated retinoblastoma protein (Rb) degradation. Silencing PERK and Nrf2 restored Mdm2-mediated Rb degradation, suggesting that sustained activation of PERK/Nrf2 axis creates oncogenic stress in chronically infected HCV culture model. The activation of Nrf2 and its nuclear translocation were prevented by ER-stress and PERK inhibitors, suggesting that PERK axis is involved in the sustained activation of Nrf2 signaling during chronic HCV infection. Furthermore, we show that HCV clearance induced by interferon-α based antiviral normalized the ER-stress response and prevented nuclear translocation of Nrf2, whereas HCV clearance by DAAs combination does neither. In conclusion, we report here a novel mechanism for how sustained activation of PERK axis of ER-stress during chronic HCV infection activates oncogenic Nrf2 signaling that promotes hepatocyte survival and oncogenesis by inducing Mdm2-mediated Rb degradation.
Comparison of patterns and prognosis among distant metastatic breast cancer patients by age groups: a SEER population-based analysis
Authors: Chen Meng-Ting , Sun He-Fen , Zhao Yang , Fu Wen-Yan , Yang Li-Peng , Gao Shui-Ping , Li Liang-Dong , Jiang Hong-lin , Jin Wei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTo investigate the effects of age at diagnosis on metastatic breast cancer and patients’ prognosis, we collected patient data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We finally identified 4932 eligible metastatic breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2010–2013, including 850 younger patients (<50 years), 2,540 middle-aged patients (50–69 years) and 1,542 elder patients (>69 years). The results revealed that in stage IV patients, elder patients were more likely to have lung metastasis (P < 0.001) and less likely to have only distant lymphatic spread (P = 0.004). Higher proportion of younger (34.9%) and middle-aged (36.2%) patients had multiple metastatic sites than elder patients (28.3%) (P < 0.001). In survival analysis, younger patients presented the best prognosis, while elder patients had the worst both in overall survival (χ2 = 121.9, P < 0.001) and breast cancer-specific survival (χ2 = 69.8, P < 0.001). Age at diagnosis was an independent prognostic factor for metastatic breast cancer patients. Moreover, patients with bone metastasis only had superior survival compared to other metastatic patients (P < 0.001). Brain metastasis only group and multiple sites metastasis group had the poorest prognosis (P < 0.05). We hope the results will provide insights into a better understanding of distant metastatic breast cancer.
The fabrication and gas sensing application of a fast-responding m-CP-PVP composite film/potassium ion-exchanged glass optical waveguide
Authors: Zhu Min , Kari Nuerguli , Yan Yin , Yimit Abliz 
Published: August 2017

A simply designed sensor was able to measure trimethylamine (TMA) gas down to a concentration of 0.1 ppb at room temperature, and its response and recovery times were 1.4 s and 5.6 s, respectively.
Author Impact Metrics in Communication Sciences and Disorder Research
Authors: Stuart Andrew , Faucette Sarah P. , Thomas William Joseph 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose was to examine author-level impact metrics for faculty in the communication sciences and disorder research field across a variety of databases.

Method
Author-level impact metrics were collected for faculty from 257 accredited universities in the United States and Canada. Three databases (i.e., Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and Scopus) were utilized.

Results

Faculty expertise was in audiology (24.4%;
n
= 490) and speech-language pathology (75.6%;
n
= 1,520). Women comprised 68.1% of faculty, and men comprised 31.9% of faculty. The percentage of faculty in the field of communication sciences and disorders identified in each database was 10.5% (
n
= 212), 44.0% (
n
= 885), and 84.4% (
n
= 1,696) for Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and Scopus, respectively. In general, author-level impact metrics were positively skewed. Metric values increased significantly with increasing academic rank (
p
< .05), were greater for men versus women (
p
< .05), and were greater for those in audiology versus speech-language pathology (
p
< .05). There were statistically significant positive correlations between all author-level metrics (
p
< .01).

Conclusions
These author-level metrics may serve as a benchmark for scholarly production of those in the field of communication sciences and disorders and may assist with professional identity management, tenure and promotion review, grant applications, and employment.
Landmarks to Identify Petrous Apex Through Endonasal Approach Without Transgression of Sinus
Authors: Negm Hazem , Singh Harminder , Dhandapani Sivashanmugam , Cohen Salomon , Anand Vijay , Schwartz Theodore 
Published: August 2017

Objectives The use of nasopharyngeal landmarks to localize the petrous apex has not been previously described. We describe a purely endoscopic endonasal corridor to localize the petrous apex without transgressing any of the paranasal sinuses.
Methods Anatomical dissections of four formalin preserved cadaveric heads (eight petrous apices) were performed to evaluate the feasibility of a nonsinus-based approach and illustrate the surgical landmarks and measurements that are useful for surgery in this area.
Results The Eustachian tubes, fossa of Rosenmüller (FR), and posterior end of the middle and inferior turbinates are constant landmarks, which can be identified without opening any nasal sinuses. The petrous apex is located on an extended straight line connecting the upper end of the torus tubarius (TT) and the roof of the FR. The distance from upper end of TT to the roof of FR measured 9.875 (±0.99) mm, and the distance from roof of the FR to the petrous apex measured 9.75 (±1) mm.
Conclusion With well-defined landmarks, the inferior, medial petrous apex can be reached using the endoscopic endonasal approach without crossing the sinus cavities.
Praktische Anwendung der kontinuierlichen Apomorphin-Pumpentherapie
Authors: Tönges Lars , Ceballos-Baumann Andrés , Honig Holger , Storch Alexander , Jost Wolfgang H. 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDas idiopathische Parkinson-Syndrom ist nach der Alzheimer Erkrankung die zweithäufigste neurodegenerative Erkrankung und im
fortgeschrittenen Stadium durch zahlreiche Besonderheiten gekennzeichnet. Neben nicht-motorischen Symptomen stehen oft motorische
Komplikationen im Vordergrund, die mit pulsatilen oralen Therapien nur unzureichend verbessert werden können. Mithilfe der kontinuierlichen
dopaminergen Stimulation lassen sich jedoch auch im fortgeschrittenen Stadium Optimierungen vornehmen, die neben der Verbesserung
motorischer und nicht-motorischer Symptome auch eine höhere Lebensqualität erzielen können. Etabliert hat sich in diesem Zusammenhang die
kontinuierliche subkutane Gabe von Apomorphin mittels Medikamentenpumpe, deren Nutzen, Indikationen, Anwendungsbeschränkungen und praktische
Umsetzung in dieser Expertenempfehlung ausführlich dargestellt werden. Besonders hervorzuheben ist das vorteilhafte therapeutische Fenster
der Apomorphin-Pumpentherapie, das durch einfache medikamentöse Titration bei einem schnell reversiblen Verfahren optimal ausgenutzt werden
kann. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die Ergebnisse eines Experten-Meetings zur Apomorphin-Therapie vorgestellt, das am 6. Juli 2016 in
Frankfurt am Main stattgefunden hat.
Stylistic variation in L1 and L2 Chinese
Authors: Li Xiaoshi 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This study examines stylistic variation patterns in L1 and L2 Chinese, focusing on two linguistic structures: morphosyntactic particle DE and subject pronoun. The data were from thirteen native speakers, four Chinese instructors, twenty-three L2 Chinese learners, and four Chinese textbooks. Results from variation analysis with frequency description show four general patterns. First, instructors used overt forms of stylistic variants in class significantly more frequently than native speakers did in conversations. Second, learners tended to overuse the overt forms compared with their native speaker peers. Third, learner patterns of stylistic variation aligned closely with those of their teachers. Finally, unlike teacher input, textbook input demonstrated mixed results compared with learner patterns. For DE use, learners’ patterns aligned significantly with those in textbooks, but did not for subject pronoun use. The implications for stylistic variation in conversational and written Chinese are discussed and suggestions are offered for Chinese and foreign language instruction.
Aspectual coercion
Authors: Li Wendan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDynamic verbs followed by the perfective aspect morpheme -le(V-le) in Chinese typically designate bounded events but can also encode states. This article proposes that the eventive designations are at the basic level and the stative interpretations are at the derived level through aspectual coercion. The categorical shifts from the former to the latter may be brought about by a number of factors, which include sentences with nonagent subject/topic, general stative sentences, and certain adverbs. These factors introduce aspectual properties incompatible with V-le's basic-level eventive interpretation. They trigger a coercion procedure to reconcile the incompatibilities, leading to aspectual reinterpretations. These findings are discussed in light of the principle of external override and the analytic nature of the Chinese language.
A plea for a socio-cognitive perspective on the language-culture-cognition nexus in educational approaches to intercultural communicative competence
Authors: Strugielska Ariadna , Piątkowska Katarzyna 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIntercultural communicative competence (ICC) links three notions, i.e. language, culture and cognition, which are declared crucial in approaches to ICC in educational context. Despite the announced importance of the notions, none of the ICC models specifies the relationship between these elements in a motivated way and hence unjustified dichotomies arise. Educational approaches to ICC can be divided into cognitive or social ones with the former emphasizing an autonomous nature of language, culture and cognition and the latter focusing on social aspects and thus marginalizing cognition. The article aims to stress the need for a socio-cognitive approach to ICC which will view language, culture and cognition in a holistic way. While this approach is based on complexity science, cognitive psychology, grounded cognition and intercultural pragmatics, we demonstrate that cognitive linguistics can become an encompassing framework for a holistic model of ICC.
Ground reaction forces produced by two different hockey skating arm swing techniques
Authors: Hayward‐Ellis Julie , Alexander Marion J. L. , Glazebrook Cheryl M. , Leiter Jeff 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe arm swing in hockey skating can have a positive effect on the forces produced by each skate, and the resulting velocity from each push off. The main purpose of this study was to measure the differences in ground reaction forces (GRFs) produced from an anteroposterior versus a mediolateral style hockey skating arm swing. Twenty‐four elite‐level female hockey players performed each technique while standing on a ground‐mounted force platform, and all trials were filmed using two video cameras. Force data was assessed for peak scaled GRFs in the frontal and sagittal planes, and resultant GRF magnitude and direction. Upper limb kinematics were assessed from the video using Dartfish video analysis software, confirming that the subjects successfully performed two distinct arm swing techniques. The mediolateral arm swing used a mean of 18.38° of glenohumeral flexion/extension and 183.68° of glenohumeral abduction/adduction while the anteroposterior technique used 214.17° and 28.97° respectively. The results of this study confirmed that the mediolateral arm swing produced 37% greater frontal plane and 33% less sagittal plane GRFs than the anteroposterior arm swing. The magnitudes of the resultant GRFs were not significantly different between the two techniques; however, the mediolateral technique produced a resultant GRF with a significantly larger angle from the direction of travel (44.44°) as compared to the anteroposterior technique (31.60°). The results of this study suggest that the direction of GRFs produced by the mediolateral arm swing more closely mimic the direction of lower limb propulsion during the skating stride.