bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arbeitslosigkeit und Sucht – Das SUNRISE-Projekt
Authors: Scherbaum N. , Specka M. , Kaspar C. , Mikoteit T. , Lieb B. 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie: Im SUNRISE-Projekt werden Langzeitarbeitslose (SGB II) der Altersgruppe 25–49 Jahre im Auftrag des JobCenters in Hinblick auf das Vorliegen substanzbezogener Störungen und Arbeitsfähigkeit begutachtet. In der vorliegenden Studie sollen etwaige Defizite in der Schul- und Berufsausbildung, substanzbezogene und andere psychische Störungen sowie der zeitliche Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitslosigkeit und substanzbezogener Störung dargestellt werden.
Methodik: Leistungsempfänger, bei denen Sachbearbeiter des JobCenters das Vorliegen einer substanzbezogenen Störung vermuteten, stellten sich zur sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung vor. Die Klienten wurden mit dem Europ-ASI interviewt, Diagnosen psychischer Störungen erfolgten mithilfe des SKID.
Ergebnisse: Bei 87 der ersten 100 begutachteten Personen wurde eine substanzbezogene Störung diagnostiziert, meist eine alkoholbezogene Störung, oft auch mehrere substanzbezogene Störungen. Die Betroffenen waren im Durchschnitt 40 Jahre alt (SD 8,5) und zu 83,9% männlich. 51,2% hatten die Schule nicht über Klasse 9 hinaus absolviert, 55,2% verfügten über keine abgeschlossene Berufsausbildung. Die mediane längste Dauer einer sozialversicherungspflichtigen Tätigkeit betrug 3 Jahre. 51,7% erhielten weitere psychiatrische Diagnosen. Die substanzbezogene Störung hatte zumeist bereits im Jugend- bzw. im jungen Erwachsenenalter begonnen. Nur bei einer Minderheit (7,4%) war die aktuelle Arbeitslosigkeit zeitlich dem Beginn des regelmäßigen Konsums der Haupt-Problemsubstanz vorausgegangen.
Schlussfolgerung: Das SUNRISE-Projekt wurde erfolgreich implementiert. Die untersuchten Langzeitarbeitslosen waren in hohem Ausmaß belastet von Defiziten in der Schul- und Berufsausbildung, von früh beginnenden substanzbezogenen Störungen sowie von weiteren psychischen Störungen. Die substanzbezogene Störung entwickelte sich also nicht erst nach Beginn der Arbeitslosigkeit bei zuvor beruflich integrierten Personen. Vielmehr handelt es sich um eine Gruppe komplex psychosozial belasteter Personen. Hier sind die Sektoren Arbeitsmarkt und Gesundheitssystem übergreifende Maßnahmen notwendig.
Soziale Ungleichheit bei der Inanspruchnahme onkologischer Versorgungsangebote
Authors: Hofreuter-Gätgens K. , Klein J. , Fisch M. , Graefen M. , Schlotfeldt T. , Witzel I. , von dem Knesebeck O. 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, inwieweit soziale Ungleichheiten bei der Inanspruchnahme von Maßnahmen nach akutstationärer Behandlung bei Prostata- und Brustkrebspatienten bestehen.
Methodik: Die Daten stammen aus einer prospektiven, multizentrischen Beobachtungsstudie. Studienteilnehmer waren 483 primärerkrankte Patienten mit Brust- oder Prostatakrebs (UICC-Stadien 0-IV) im Alter zwischen 18 und 65 Jahren. Die Patienten wurden nach der Operation sowie 6 Monate später schriftlich zur Inanspruchnahme psychosozialer Maßnahmen, medizinischer Rehabilitation und alternativkomplementärer Medizin (CAM) befragt. Der soziale Status wurde durch die Indikatoren Beruf, Bildung und Einkommen erfasst. Zudem wurde der Krankenversichertenstatus abgefragt. Für die Analyse wurden logistische Regressionen getrennt nach Tumorlokalisation unter Kontrolle von Alter und erkrankungsbezogenen Faktoren wie Erkrankungsschwere und psychische Komorbidität durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse: Die Zusammenhänge zwischen sozialer Ungleichheit und der Inanspruchnahme variieren in Abhängigkeit der erfassten Ungleichheitsindikatoren und der nachstationären Versorgungsangebote. Am stärksten und konsistentesten sind die Zusammenhänge bei der Inanspruchnahme von CAM. Diese Angebote werden verstärkt durch Patienten mit einem hohen sozialen Status und privater Krankenversicherung in Anspruch genommen. Bei der Rehabilitation zeigen sich hingegen eher schwache und inkonsistente Ungleichheiten. Zudem sind die Ungleichheiten bei Prostatakrebspatienten schwächer ausgeprägt als bei Brustkrebspatientinnen.
Schlussfolgerung: Es bestehen inkonsistente soziale Ungleichheiten bei der Inanspruchnahme von Maßnahmen nach akutstationärer Behandlung bei Prostata- und Brustkrebspatienten. Es bleibt zu klären, inwieweit diese Ungleichheiten auf Zugangsbarrieren, unterschiedliche Informiertheit oder unterschiedliche Präferenzen zurückzuführen sind.
Kaum aktuelle Daten zu Zweitmeinungsverfahren vorhanden – eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit
Authors: Ali J. , Pieper D. 
Published: June 2016

ZusammenfassungZiel der Studie: Mit dem Versorgungsstärkungsgesetz wurde Mitte 2015 § 27 b SGB V zur Zweitmeinung (ZM) in Deutschland gesetzlich verankert. Dies räumt den Versicherten in der GKV einen Rechtsanspruch auf eine ärztliche ZM bei planbaren operativen Eingriffen ein. Die zu berücksichtigenden Eingriffe sollen vom Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss (G-BA) in Form einer Richtlinie festgelegt werden. Das Ziel dieser systematischen Übersichtsarbeit ist es, bisherige Ergebnisse aus vorhandenen Publikationen zu ZM im Bereich der elektiven operativen Eingriffe darzustellen und darauf hin zu analysieren, welche Eingriffe sich für die Einholung einer ZM am besten eignen.
Methodik: Die Datenbanken Medline und Embase, sowie zusätzlich Proquest und google scholar wurden im März 2015 recherchiert. Eingeschlossen wurden alle Primärstudien zu elektiven operativen Eingriffen aus der Chirurgie, Orthopädie oder Gynäkologie, die Übereinstimmungsraten zwischen Erst- und Zweitmeinung berichteten. Die Studienselektion und Studienbewertung wurde von 2 Gutachtern unabhängig voneinander durchgeführt. Unstimmigkeiten wurden bis zum Konsens ausdiskutiert Die Ergebnisse und Studiencharakteristika wurden im Anschluss extrahiert und analysiert.
Ergebnisse: Insgesamt erfüllten 17 Studien die Einschlusskriterien, wovon alle bis auf eine aus den USA stammten. Nur 3 Studien wurden in diesem Jahrtausend publiziert, während der Großteil der Studien Ende der 70er bis Mitte der 80er publiziert wurde. Die Übereinstimmungsraten variieren insgesamt sehr stark von 43,0% bis 95,5%. Hysterektomien (n=6), Cholezystektomien (n=5) und Knieoperationen (n=5) wurden am häufigsten in den Studien untersucht. Die Übereinstimmungsrate zwischen Erst- und Zweitmeinung betrug bei obligatorischer Zweitmeinung im Median für diese Eingriffe 77,9% (Spannweite: 72,7–92,0%), 92,0% (88,2–95,5%) bzw. 85,6% (76,1–93,5%) und bei freiwilliger Zweitmeinung 63,0% (58,0–66,7%) und 87,0% (78,0–87,9%), während für die Knieoperationen zu wenig Daten vorlagen.
Schlussfolgerung: Die vorhandene Datenlage ist stark veraltet, so dass kaum aktuelle Daten vorhanden sind. Für Deutschland liegen gar keine Daten vor. Es bleibt daher auch unklar, auf welcher Grundlage der G-BA die Auswahl für die entsprechende Richtlinie treffen wird. Die Ergebnisse lassen dennoch den Schluss zu, dass von ZM ein erhebliches Potenzial für das Gesundheitswesen ausgehen kann. ZM-Programme sollten im Rahmen kontrollierter Studien erprobt werden.
Superresolution imaging reveals nanometer- and micrometer-scale spatial distributions of T-cell receptors in lymph nodes
Authors: Hu Ying S. , Cang Hu , Lillemeier Björn F. 
Published: June 2016

Significance
T-cell receptors (TCRs) recognize pathogens during T-cell–mediated adaptive immune responses. Here we directly observed the organization of TCRs and their rearrangement on lymph node-resident T cells during an immune response. We found that TCRs were preclustered into nanometer-scale protein islands, which were organized into larger membrane territories, and that T-cell activation induced the formation of microclusters. Our data provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, of subdiffraction membrane organizations during immune responses in an animal model system.
Defining chromosomal translocation risks in cancer
Authors: Hogenbirk Marc A. , Heideman Marinus R. , de Rink Iris , Velds Arno , Kerkhoven Ron M. , Wessels Lodewyk F. A. , Jacobs Heinz 
Published: June 2016

Significance
Applying innovative integrative analyses of multifactorial genome-wide data, we now demonstrate that an open chromatin configuration, which is generically enriched promoter-proximal but not promoter-specific, is the common denominator and key translocation risk-determinant of active chromatin. The finding that gene size directly correlated with its translocation risk, in both mice and cancer patients, independently emphasized the generic irrelevance of any promoter-specific activity. These data exclude activation-induced cytidine deaminase, Spt5, transcription, and promoter-proximal regions as critical risk-determinants and specific targets for genome-wide chromosomal translocations. Our insights are fundamental in understanding the origin of chromosome translocations and, consequently, cancer.
Emergent perversions in the buckling of heterogeneous elastic strips
Authors: Liu Shuangping , Yao Zhenwei , Chiou Kevin , Stupp Samuel I. , Olvera de la Cruz Monica 
Published: June 2016

Significance
Perversions in an otherwise uniform helical structure provide the mechanism of helical symmetry breaking. In this work, using a three-dimensional elastomeric bistrip model, we investigate the intrinsic properties of perversions that are independent of specific strip shapes. Besides the fundamental role as generic domain walls that connect states of distinct symmetries, this study reveals richer physics of perversions in the three-dimensional elastic system. The major findings include the condensation of strain energy over perversions, the identification of the repulsive nature of the perversion–perversion interaction, and the coalescence of perversions. These intrinsic properties of perversions may have implications to the understanding of relevant biological motifs and the designing of micromuscles and soft robotics.
Glass‐Eel‐Stage American Eels Respond to Conspecific Odor as a Function of Concentration
Authors: Schmucker Andrew K. , Johnson Nicholas S. , Galbraith Heather S. , Li Weiming 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe American Eel Anguilla rostrata has experienced staggering population declines in recent decades and is now the focus of restoration efforts. Studies have demonstrated that olfaction is critical to anguillid behavior and that glass eels (the life stage which migrates inland from saltwater to freshwater) are attracted to conspecific washings. We evaluated conspecific cueing as a potential mechanism for American Eel inland migration coordination by assessing (1) the affinity of glass eels to conspecific washings, (2) the concentration–response relationships, and (3) changes in responsiveness to washings during the glass eel‐to‐elver transition. In two‐choice maze assays, glass eels were attracted to glass eel washings over a wide range of concentrations (0.20–0.40 g of glass eels·L−1·h−1), and a logarithmic function provided the best fit to the concentration–response relationship. When given a choice between two conspecific washings of higher and lower concentrations, the glass eels generally preferred the higher concentration. Responses to undiluted glass eel washings did not significantly differ among stage‐3–7 glass eels, although stage‐7 eels were not attracted to the washings, whereas the other stages were. Washing affinity remained similar over the course of several weeks. These results support aspects of the conspecific cueing hypothesis at the glass eel life stage under laboratory conditions, suggesting that conspecific cueing is an important component of migration coordination among juvenile American Eels and warrants additional study.Received September 11, 2015; accepted January 20, 2016 Published online June 15, 2016
Trends in Abundance of Northern Snakeheads in Virginia Tributaries of the Potomac River
Authors: Odenkirk John S. , Isel Mike W. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA population of nonnative Northern Snakeheads Channa argus was documented in the Potomac River system during 2004. We estimated relative abundance (fish/h of boat electrofishing) for up to 12 years in four Virginia creeks within and downstream of the original area of colonization. Population estimates were also calculated for adult Northern Snakeheads in Little Hunting Creek (one of the four study creeks). Relative abundance increased dramatically after colonization, but trends suggest that increases in abundance may have slowed. Population estimates for Little Hunting Creek (12–22 fish/ha) declined each year from 2013 to 2015, supporting the assertion that Northern Snakehead density increases have slowed or that density has stabilized in some creeks.Received October 6, 2015; accepted January 26, 2016 Published online June 15, 2016
Effects of No Feeding, Maintenance Feeding, and Refeeding on Production and Processing Characteristics of Market-Size Hybrid Catfish
Authors: Li Menghe H , Wise David J , Bosworth Brian G , Lucas Penelope M , Kingery Kyle 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A pond study was initiated to evaluate effects of no feeding, maintenance feeding, and refeeding on production and processing characteristics of market-size hybrid catfish (female Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus × male Blue Catfish I. furcatus). Fish with an average weight of 644 g were stocked into 20 earthen ponds (0.04 ha) at 14,826 fish/ha at the end of May. They were either not fed (N2), fed once weekly (W2) to satiation for 2 months to simulate a long-term harvest delay, or fed daily (D2) to satiation. After 2 months fish in half the ponds in each of the two feed-restricted treatments were harvested, and all fish in the remaining ponds were fed daily for an additional month. After 2 months N2 fish experienced a 14.3% weight loss compared with a weight gain of 6.7% for FW2 fish. After 2 months both N2 and W2 fish had reduced visceral fat and fillet yield compared with fish fed daily, but there were no significant differences in visceral fat percentage and fillet yield between N2 and W2 fish. At the end of 3 months, there were no significant differences in weight gain, net yield, fillet yield, or visceral fat whether fish were previously not fed or fed once weekly for the first 2 months, but fish fed daily throughout had significantly higher visceral fat and marginally higher fillet yield. Feeding once weekly for 2 months followed by 1-month full feeding resulted in significantly higher feed conversion ratio than fish fed daily for 3 months. Results demonstrate feeding once weekly can generally maintain body weight of hybrid catfish. No feeding or feeding once weekly for 2 months does not affect survival but significantly reduces fillet yield. One month of full feeding following no feeding or maintenance feeding improves fillet yield relative to values before refeeding.
Use of Copper Sulfate to Control Egg Saprolegniasis at a Commercial Sunshine Bass Hatchery
Authors: Straus David L , Farmer Bradley D , Ledbetter Cynthia K , Beck Benjamin H , Williams Rick S , Clark Mike L , Freeze T Mike 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
An obstacle to the larval production of sunshine bass (female White Bass Morone chrysops × male Striped Bass M. saxatilis) is fungal growth on the eggs caused by the water mold, Saprolegnia spp. Copper sulfate (CuSO4) is commonly used for fungus control in troughs at catfish hatcheries, but the effectiveness in other fish-egg hatching systems is unknown. Because sunshine bass eggs begin hatching after 48 h, CuSO4 treatments (0, 10, 20, and 40 mg/L) began the afternoon of spawning with a 10-min, aerated, static bath and were repeated the morning and afternoon of day 2; eggs were not treated after hatching began. An in vitro assay was developed for this treatment regimen that indicated maximum fungal inhibition was achieved with 20 mg/L CuSO4. In the effectiveness experiment in McDonald hatching jars (n = 3), fungus was severe in the untreated controls (27.7% survival), but very little fungus was present in treatments receiving 10 mg/L CuSO4 (31.4% survival) or higher. The control was not significantly different from the 10-mg/L treatment. The highest survival was at 40 mg/L CuSO4 (50.5% survival); however, the survival from the 20-mg/L CuSO4 treatment (45.8%) was not significantly different from that in the 40-mg/L treatment and thus allows for a greater margin of safety. Fungus samples were identified as Saprolegnia ferax through genetic sequencing. Toxicity experiments on sunshine bass larvae indicated the 24- and 48-h LC50 values were 5.4 and 3.9 mg/L CuSO4, respectively; the no observed effect concentrations were 0.5 and 0.25 mg/L CuSO4, respectively. This study confirms that CuSO4 can be an economical and valuable resource in hatchery management for the control of saprolegniasis on sunshine bass eggs in McDonald jars.
Effects of Rearing Density on Return to Creel of Hatchery Catchable Rainbow Trout Stocked in Idaho Lentic Waters
Authors: Cassinelli John D , Meyer Kevin A , Koenig Martin K 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Evaluating rearing techniques that maximize angler returns to creel of hatchery trout is an essential tool in shaping hatchery management practices and maximizing the public use of hatchery products. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of raceway rearing density on return to creel of catchable-sized (mean TL ≈ 252 mm) hatchery Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. In 2011 and 2012, Idaho Department of Fish and Game reared catchable-sized trout targeting three maximum density indices (0.15, 0.25, and 0.30 lb·ft−3·in−1) at three different state fish hatcheries. Each hatchery stocked fish into the same 11 lakes and reservoirs to evaluate return-to-creel rates by rearing density. Although there was a trend of lower angler catch for fish reared at a higher raceway density, the relationship was not statistically significant. Instead, angler catch was significantly influenced by fish size at stocking and the surface area of the water being stocked, whereby larger fish and smaller waters had higher return-to-creel rates. At the densities tested in this study, we concluded that fish size at stocking is more important than rearing density in determining return-to-creel rates for hatchery catchable Rainbow Trout. Rearing trout at a lower density reduces total hatchery production while not providing a sufficient increase in returns to creel to offset the decreased production.
Inheritance of Red Eyes in Ornamental Koi Carp
Authors: Gomelsky Boris , Warner Jeffrey L , Delomas Thomas A , Nason Laurel A 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the inheritance of red eyes in ornamental koi, a variant of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio. The study included crossing fish with different eye color phenotypes and analyzing fish segregations in progenies. In progeny 1, obtained by crossing a red-eyed, yellow male with a black-eyed, white-red female, the segregation “red eyes : black eyes” in juveniles did not differ significantly from the 1:1 Mendelian ratio. In two progenies obtained by crosses of red-eyed fish from progeny 1, the segregations of larvae with light and dark lenses and the segregations “red eyes : black eyes” in juveniles not having black pigmentation on the body did not differ from the 3:1 Mendelian ratio. In two progenies obtained by crosses of black-eyed fish from progeny 1, larvae with only dark lenses and juveniles with only black eyes were observed. Based on these data, it was suggested that the appearance of red eyes in koi is controlled by a dominant mutation of one gene (R/r); koi with genotypes RR and Rr have red eyes, while koi with genotype rr do not possess this trait. Significant proportions of juveniles from fish of progeny 1 had black pigmentation on the body. In pigmented juveniles the ratio red eyes : black eyes was shifted towards black-eyed fish likely due to the influence of genes controlling the development of melanin on the body on the expression of mutation R. Based on the occurrence of fish with red eyes and black pigmentation on the body it was suggested that the appearance of red eyes in koi is caused not by an albino but by another demelanization mutation. In a progeny obtained by crossing a red-eyed female from progeny 1 with a Common Carp with wild-type color, all fish had black eyes while about 50% of the fish in this progeny had a light yellowish body. This shows that the mutation R causes the appearance of red eyes only in koi; in Common Carp with wild-type color this mutation causes only partial demelanization of the fish's body.
Comprehensive evaluation of the linear stability of Alfvén eigenmodes driven by alpha particles in an ITER baseline scenario
Authors: Figueiredo A.C.A. , Rodrigues P. , Borba D. , Coelho R. , Fazendeiro L. , Ferreira J. , Loureiro N.F. , Nabais F. , Pinches S.D. , Polevoi A.R. , Sharapov S.E. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The linear stability of Alfvén eigenmodes in the presence of fusion-born alpha particles is thoroughly assessed for two variants of an ITER baseline scenario, which differ significantly in their core and pedestal temperatures. A systematic approach based on CASTOR-K (Borba and Kerner 1999 J. Comput. Phys. 153 101; Nabais et al 2015 Plasma Sci. Technol. 17 89) is used that considers all possible eigenmodes for a given magnetic equilibrium and determines their growth rates due to alpha-particle drive and Landau damping on fuel ions, helium ashes and electrons. It is found that the fastest growing instabilities in the aforementioned ITER scenario are core-localized, low-shear toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes. The largest growth-rates occur in the scenario variant with higher core temperatures, which has the highest alpha-particle density and density gradient, for eigenmodes with toroidal mode numbers

n
≈
30

. Although these eigenmodes suffer significant radiative damping, which is also evaluated, their growth rates remain larger than those of the most unstable eigenmodes found in the variant of the ITER baseline scenario with lower core temperatures, which have

n
≈
15

and are not affected by radiative damping.
DrugE-Rank: improving drug–target interaction prediction of new candidate drugs or targets by ensemble learning to rank
Authors: Yuan Qingjun , Gao Junning , Wu Dongliang , Zhang Shihua , Mamitsuka Hiroshi , Zhu Shanfeng 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Motivation: Identifying drug–target interactions is an important task in drug discovery. To reduce heavy time and financial cost in experimental way, many computational approaches have been proposed. Although these approaches have used many different principles, their performance is far from satisfactory, especially in predicting drug–target interactions of new candidate drugs or targets.
Methods: Approaches based on machine learning for this problem can be divided into two types: feature-based and similarity-based methods. Learning to rank is the most powerful technique in the feature-based methods. Similarity-based methods are well accepted, due to their idea of connecting the chemical and genomic spaces, represented by drug and target similarities, respectively. We propose a new method, DrugE-Rank, to improve the prediction performance by nicely combining the advantages of the two different types of methods. That is, DrugE-Rank uses LTR, for which multiple well-known similarity-based methods can be used as components of ensemble learning.
Results: The performance of DrugE-Rank is thoroughly examined by three main experiments using data from DrugBank: (i) cross-validation on FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) approved drugs before March 2014; (ii) independent test on FDA approved drugs after March 2014; and (iii) independent test on FDA experimental drugs. Experimental results show that DrugE-Rank outperforms competing methods significantly, especially achieving more than 30% improvement in Area under Prediction Recall curve for FDA approved new drugs and FDA experimental drugs.
Availability: http://datamining-iip.fudan.edu.cn/service/DrugE-Rank
Contact: zhusf@fudan.edu.cn
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.