bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The site of care matters: An examination of the relationship between high Medicaid burden hospitals and the use, cost, and complications of immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy
Authors: Offodile Anaeze C. , Muldoon L. Daniel , Gani Faiz , Canner Joseph K. , Jacobs Lisa K. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDDiminished use and worse outcomes after immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) have been documented for Medicaid beneficiaries. However, to the authors' knowledge, the contribution of patient clustering at hospitals with a high percentage of Medicaid patients to these inequalities in IBR delivery is unknown.METHODSA cross‐sectional analysis of patients undergoing IBR after mastectomy using the 2007 to 2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was performed. Hospital Medicaid status was calculated as the percentage of all patients with Medicaid as a primary payer. Tertile groupings were generated to enable statistical analysis. Hierarchical regression models were used to investigate the link between Medicaid status and IBR use, outcomes, and costs. A subgroup of patients undergoing IBR for noninvasive cancer or those with increased genetic risk were used to study IBR use.RESULTSA total of 30,086 IBR cases in 1199 hospitals were analyzed. Hierarchical regression analysis demonstrated an association between high Medicaid burden hospitals and significantly decreased odds of IBR among patients with in situ disease and/or an elevated risk of cancer (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.507‐0.806). Increasing age, obesity, being nonwhite, having more comorbid conditions, and having government insurance were found to be associated with diminished odds of IBR (P<.001 in all instances). In‐hospital surgical and medical complication rates were comparable across the 3 strata of hospital Medicaid status. Log‐adjusted costs of care were found to be positively associated with a higher hospital Medicaid burden status (coefficient of 0.038 [95% CI, 0.011‐0.066] for medium Medicaid burden hospitals and coefficient of 0.053 [95% CI, 0.015‐0.093] for high Medicaid burden hospitals).CONCLUSIONSHigh Medicaid burden hospital status is associated with an attenuation of IBR use and increased total inpatient costs. Structures of care such as hospital resources partially explain disparities in IBR delivery. Cancer 2018;124:346‐55. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Massage therapy decreases cancer‐related fatigue: Results from a randomized early phase trial
Authors: Kinkead Becky , Schettler Pamela J. , Larson Erika R. , Carroll Dedric , Sharenko Margaret , Nettles James , Edwards Sherry A. , Miller Andrew H. , Torres Mylin A. , Dunlop Boadie W. , Rakofsky Jeffrey J. , Rapaport Mark Hyman 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDCancer‐related fatigue (CRF) is a prevalent and debilitating symptom experienced by cancer survivors, yet treatment options for CRF are limited. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of weekly Swedish massage therapy (SMT) versus an active control condition (light touch [LT]) and waitlist control (WLC) on persistent CRF in breast cancer survivors.METHODSThis early phase, randomized, single‐masked, 6‐week investigation of SMT, LT, and WLC enrolled 66 female stage 0‐III breast cancer survivors (age range, 32‐72 years) who had received surgery plus radiation and/or chemotherapy/chemoprevention with CRF (Brief Fatigue Inventory > 25). The primary outcome was the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI), with the National Institutes of Health PROMIS Fatigue scale secondary.RESULTSMean baseline MFI scores for 57 evaluable subjects were 62.95 for SMT, 55.00 for LT, and 60.41 for WLC. SMT resulted in a mean (standard deviation) 6‐week reduction in MFI total scores of −16.50 (6.37) (n = 20) versus −8.06 (6.50) for LT (n = 20) and an increase of 5.88 (6.48) points for WLC (n = 17) (treatment‐by‐time P < .0001). The mean baseline PROMIS Fatigue scores were SMT, 22.25; LT, 22.05; and WLC, 23.24. The mean (standard deviation) reduction in PROMIS Fatigue scores was −5.49 (2.53) points for SMT versus −3.24 (2.57) points for LT and −0.06 (1.88) points for WLC (treatment‐by‐time P = .0008). Higher credibility, expectancy, and preference for SMT than for LT did not account for these results.CONCLUSIONSMT produced clinically significant relief of CRF. This finding suggests that 6 weeks of a safe, widely accepted manual intervention causes a significant reduction in fatigue, a debilitating sequela for cancer survivors. Cancer 2018;124:546‐54. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Assessment of cytologic differentiation in high‐grade pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A multi‐institutional study
Authors: Sigel Carlie S. , Krauss Silva Vitor Werneck , Reid Michelle D. , Chhieng David , Basturk Olca , Sigel Keith M. , Daniel Tanisha D. , Klimstra David S. , Tang Laura H. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDWell‐differentiated (WD) and poorly differentiated (PD) pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are biologically distinct entities with different therapies and prognoses. WD neoplasms with elevated proliferation (Ki‐67 > 20%) have been shown to have an overlapping histology with PD neuroendocrine carcinomas. This study compared expert cytomorphologic assessments of differentiation in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms in a multi‐institutional study.METHODSFine‐needle aspiration specimens from pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (grade 2 [G2] and grade 3 [G3] according to the 2017 World Health Organization classification; n = 72) were diagnosed independently by 3 cytopathologists as WD or PD (poorly differentiated large cell type [PD‐L] or poorly differentiated small cell type [PD‐S]) purely on the basis of cytomorphology. Their diagnoses were compared with a final classification supported by immunohistochemistry (retinoblastoma (RB), death domain‐ associated protein (DAXX), and α thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X‐linked (ATRX) protein expression), targeted mutation analysis (Memorial Sloan Kettering–Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets), prior history of G1/G2 histology, and consensus.RESULTSThe rate of agreement on differentiation was 38% (15 WD cases and 12 PD cases) for the 70 cases included (55 WD cases [n = 19 G2, n = 31 G3, and n = 5 could not be graded] and 15 PD cases [n = 6 PD‐S, n = 6 PD‐L, and n = 3 PD, not otherwise specified). Two cases could not be classified by the employed methods. PD carcinomas had a higher rate of agreement (10 of 15 [67%]) than WD neoplasms (15 of 55 [27%]). Round nuclei and plasmacytoid cells were associated with agreement for WD cases, whereas apoptosis and angulated nuclei were associated with disagreement. Necrosis was associated with agreement for PD cases.CONCLUSIONSA purely morphologic approach to the distinction between G2 and G3 pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms based on cytology can be challenging, with disagreement found among experienced cytopathologists. Cancer Cytopathol 2018;126:44‐53. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Fast Lithium‐Ion Transportation in Crystalline Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Fu Xiao‐Bin , Yang Guang , Wu Jin‐Ze , Wang Jia‐Chen , Chen Qun , Yao Ye‐Feng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFast lithium‐ion transportation is found in the crystalline polymer electrolytes, α‐CD‐PEOn/Li+ (n=12, 40), prepared by self‐assembly of α‐cyclodextrin (CD), polyethylene oxide (PEO) and Li+ salts. A detailed solid‐state NMR study combined with the X‐ray diffraction technique reveals the unique structural features of the samples, that is, a) the tunnel structure formed by the assembled CDs, providing the ordered long‐range pathway for Li+ ion transportation; b) the all‐trans conformational sequence of the PEO chains in the tunnels, attenuating significantly the coordination between Li+ and the EO segments. The origin of the fast lithium‐ion transportation has been attributed to these unique structural features. This work demonstrates the first example in solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) for “creating” fast ion transportation through material design and will find potential applications in the design of new ionconducting SPE materials.
Angelicin potentiates TRAIL‐induced apoptosis in renal carcinoma Caki cells through activation of caspase 3 and down‐regulation of c‐FLIP expression
Authors: Min Kyoung‐Jin , Um Hee Jung , Seo Seung Un , Woo Seon Min , Kim Shin , Park Jong‐Wook , Lee Hyun‐Shik , Kim Sang Hyun , Choi Yung Hyun , Lee Tae‐Jin , Kwon Taeg Kyu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Preclinical Research & Development

Angelicin is a furocoumarin derived from Psoralea corylifolia L. fruit that has anti‐inflammatory and anti‐tumor activity. In the present study, the effect of angelicin in enhancing tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL)‐induced apoptotic cell death was studied in Caki (renal carcinoma) cells. Angelicin alone and TRAIL alone had no effect on apoptosis, but in combination these compounds markedly induced apoptosis in the cancer cell lines while not inducing apoptosis in normal cells. The combination treatment induced accumulation of the sub‐G1 population, DNA fragmentation, and activated caspase 3 activity in Caki cells, induced down‐regulation of c‐FLIP expression post‐translationally, and over‐expression of c‐FLIP markedly blocked apoptosis induced by combined treatment with angelicin plus TRAIL. This study provides evidence that angelicin might be a TRAIL sensitizer.
Fatality involving ocfentanil documented by identification of metabolites
Authors: Allibe Nathalie , Richeval Camille , Phanithavong Mélodie , Faure Amandine , Allorge Delphine , Paysant François , Stanke‐Labesque Françoise , Eysseric‐Guerin Hélène , Gaulier Jean‐Michel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe use of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has rapidly increased over the last decade. In the last 4 years, producers increasingly appear to be targeting non‐controlled synthetic opioids, involving fentanyl derivatives such as ocfentanil (OcF). Identification of metabolites is of major importance in the context of NPS use, as it could improve the detection window in biological matrices in clinical and forensic intoxication cases. Hence, this work aims to report a fatality involving OcF documented by the identification of metabolites. A 30‐year‐old woman was found dead at home: an unidentified powder was found near her body and some injection sites were found at the autopsy. Toxicological analyses allowed to determine the presence of OcF in the powder, blood (3.7/3.9 μg/L, peripheral/cardiac) and in other post‐mortem samples. The most relevant potential CYP‐ and UGT‐dependent metabolites of OcF were investigated in vitro using human liver microsome incubation and liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry, and subsequently confirmed in post‐mortem samples. Four OcF metabolites were produced in vitro (a mono‐hydroxylated OcF, O‐desmethylOcF, a hydroxylated desmethylOcF and a glucuronidated form of the O‐desmethylOcF), and all except the glucuronide were observed in blood and bile post‐mortem samples. Considering the relative intensity of the chromatographic peak areas, O‐desmethylOcF can be suggested to be an abundant metabolite of OcF. Nevertheless, the relevance of O‐desmethylOcF as being a complementary analytical target of OcF for OcF use detection needs further in vivo confirmation, especially through analysis of urines from users.
A novel mouse Cre‐driver line targeting Perilipin 2‐expressing cells in the neonatal lung
Authors: Ntokou Aglaia , Szibor Marten , Rodríguez‐Castillo José Alberto , Quantius Jennifer , Herold Susanne , El Agha Elie , Bellusci Saverio , Salwig Isabelle , Braun Thomas , Voswinckel Robert , Seeger Werner , Morty Rory E. , Ahlbrecht Katrin 
Published: October 2017

SummaryPulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung fibrosis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia are characterized by the destruction or malformation of the alveolar regions of the lung. The underlying pathomechanisms at play are an area of intense interest since these mechanisms may reveal pathways suitable for interventions to drive reparative processes. Lipid‐laden fibroblasts (lipofibroblasts) express the Perilipin 2 (Plin2) gene‐product, PLIN2, commonly called adipose‐differentiation related protein (ADRP). These cells are also thought to play a role in alveolarization and repair after injury to the alveolus. Progress in defining the functional contribution of lipofibroblasts to alveolar generation and repair is hampered by a lack of in vivo tools. The present study reports the generation of an inducible mouse Cre‐driver line to target cells of the ADRP lineage. Robust Cre‐mediated recombination in this mouse line was detected in mesenchymal cells of the postnatal lung, and in additional organs including the heart, liver, and spleen. The generation and validation of this valuable new tool to genetically target, manipulate, and trace cells of the ADRP lineage is critical for assessing the functional contribution of lipofibroblasts to lung development and repair.
Doubt and fear of self in bulimia nervosa
Authors: Wilson Samantha , Aardema Frederick , O'Connor Kieron 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveSeveral overlapping cognitive processes have been identified in eating disorders (EDs) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Drawing from the OCD literature, the present study examined whether bulimia nervosa (BN) is associated with a maladaptive inductive reasoning style characterized by the over‐investment in possibility‐based (as opposed to reality‐based) information.MethodWomen with BN (n = 25) and healthy controls (HC; n = 24) completed the Inference Processes Task (IPT), an ecological inductive reasoning task previously validated in OCD samples. Participants also completed the Fear of Self Questionnaire (FSQ) that evaluates investment in a feared possible identity.ResultsSignificant differences on the IPT indicate that the BN group was more influenced by possibility‐based information throughout the task than the HC group (F[5.44, 255.78] = 6.94, p > .001). It was also found that the BN group scored significantly higher on the FSQ than the HC group (t[29.98] = 8.4, p > .001), replicating previous findings. Finally, scores on the IPT were significantly correlated with measures of symptom severity.DiscussionThese findings suggest that BN may be associated with maladaptive inductive reasoning processes characterized by over‐investment in possibility‐based feared outcomes and identities.
Field evidence challenges the often‐presumed relationship between early male maturation and female‐biased sexual size dimorphism
Authors: Chelini Marie‐Claire , Hebets Eileen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFemale‐biased sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is often considered an epiphenomenon of selection for the increased mating opportunities provided by early male maturation (i.e., protandry). Empirical evidence of the adaptive significance of protandry remains nonetheless fairly scarce. We use field data collected throughout the reproductive season of an SSD crab spider, Mecaphesa celer, to test two hypotheses: Protandry provides fitness benefits to males, leading to female‐biased SSD, or protandry is an indirect consequence of selection for small male size/large female size. Using field‐collected data, we modeled the probability of mating success for females and males according to their timing of maturation. We found that males matured earlier than females and the proportion of virgin females decreased abruptly early in the season, but unexpectedly increased afterward. Timing of female maturation was not related to clutch size, but large females tended to have more offspring than small females. Timing of female and male maturation was inversely related to size at adulthood, as early‐maturing individuals were larger than late‐maturing ones, suggesting that both sexes exhibit some plasticity in their developmental trajectories. Such plasticity indicates that protandry could co‐occur with any degree and direction of SSD. Our calculation of the probability of mating success along the season shows multiple male maturation time points with similar predicted mating success. This suggests that males follow multiple strategies with equal success, trading‐off access to virgin females with intensity of male–male competition. Our results challenge classic hypotheses linking protandry and female‐biased SSD, and emphasize the importance of directly testing the often‐assumed relationships between co‐occurring animal traits.
Phylogeography of Schizopygopsis stoliczkai (Cyprinidae) in Northwest Tibetan Plateau area
Authors: Wanghe Kunyuan , Tang Yongtao , Tian Fei , Feng Chenguang , Zhang Renyi , Li Guogang , Liu Sijia , Zhao Kai 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSchizopygopsis stoliczkai (Cyprinidae, subfamily Schizothoracinae) is one of the major freshwater fishes endemic to the northwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. In the current study, we used mitochondrial DNA markers cytochrome b (Cyt b) and 16S rRNA (16S), as well as the nuclear marker, the second intron of the nuclear beta‐actin gene (Act2), to uncover the phylogeography of S. stoliczkai. In total, we obtained 74 haplotypes from 403 mitochondrial concatenated sequences. The mtDNA markers depict the phylogenetic structures of S. stoliczkai, which consist of clade North and clade South. The split time of the two clades is dated back to 4.27 Mya (95% HPD = 1.96–8.20 Mya). The estimated split time is earlier than the beginning of the ice age of Pleistocene (2.60 Mya), suggesting that the northwestern area of the Tibetan Plateau probably contain at least two glacial refugia for S. stoliczkai. SAMOVA supports the formation of four groups: (i) the Karakash River group; (ii) The Lake Pangong group; (iii) the Shiquan River group; (iv) the Southern Basin group. Clade North included Karakash River, Lake Pangong, and Shiquan River groups, while seven populations of clade South share the haplotypes. Genetic diversity, star‐like network, BSP analysis, as well as negative neutrality tests indicate recent expansions events of S. stoliczkai. Conclusively, our results illustrate the phylogeography of S. stoliczkai, implying the Shiquan River is presumably the main refuge for S. stoliczkai.
Incorporating phylogenetic information for the definition of floristic districts in hyperdiverse Amazon forests: Implications for conservation
Authors: Guevara Andino Juan Ernesto , Pitman Nigel C. A. , ter Steege Hans , Mogollón Hugo , Ceron Carlos , Palacios Walter , Oleas Nora , Fine Paul V. A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUsing complementary metrics to evaluate phylogenetic diversity can facilitate the delimitation of floristic units and conservation priority areas. In this study, we describe the spatial patterns of phylogenetic alpha and beta diversity, phylogenetic endemism, and evolutionary distinctiveness of the hyperdiverse Ecuador Amazon forests and define priority areas for conservation. We established a network of 62 one‐hectare plots in terra firme forests of Ecuadorian Amazon. In these plots, we tagged, collected, and identified every single adult tree with dbh ≥10 cm. These data were combined with a regional community phylogenetic tree to calculate different phylogenetic diversity (PD) metrics in order to create spatial models. We used Loess regression to estimate the spatial variation of taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity as well as phylogenetic endemism and evolutionary distinctiveness. We found evidence for the definition of three floristic districts in the Ecuadorian Amazon, supported by both taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity data. Areas with high levels of phylogenetic endemism and evolutionary distinctiveness in Ecuadorian Amazon forests are unprotected. Furthermore, these areas are severely threatened by proposed plans of oil and mining extraction at large scales and should be prioritized in conservation planning for this region.
Effects of seasonality and environmental gradients on Spartina alterniflora allometry and primary production
Authors: Hill Troy D. , Roberts Brian J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPredictions of how salt marsh primary production and carbon storage will respond to environmental change can be improved through detailed datasets documenting responses to real‐world environmental variation. To address a shortage of detailed studies of natural variation, we examined drivers of Spartina alterniflora stem allometry and productivity in seven marshes across three regions in southern Louisiana. Live‐stem allometry varied spatially and seasonally, generally with short stems weighing more (and tall stems weighing less) in the summer and fall, differences that persist even after correcting for flowering. Strong predictive relationships exist between allometry parameters representing emergent stem mass and mass accumulation rates, suggesting that S. alterniflora populations navigate a trade‐off between larger mass at emergence and faster rates of biomass accumulation. Aboveground production and belowground production were calculated using five and four approaches, respectively. End‐of‐season aboveground biomass was a poor proxy for increment‐based production measures. Aboveground production (Smalley) ranged from 390 to 3,350 g m−2 year−1 across all marshes and years. Belowground production (max–min) was on average three times higher than aboveground; total production ranged from 1,400 to 8,500 g m−2 year−1. Above‐ and belowground production were both positively correlated with dissolved nutrient concentrations and negatively correlated to salinity. Synthesis: Interannual variation in water quality is sufficient to drive above‐ and belowground productivity. The positive relationship between nutrients and belowground production indicates that inputs of nutrients and freshwater may increase salt marsh carbon storage and ecosystem resilience to sea level rise.
Cultural variation in individuals' responses to incivility by perpetrators of different rank: The mediating role of descriptive and injunctive norms
Authors: Moon Chanki , Weick Mario , Uskul Ayse K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe present research sought to establish how cultural settings create a normative context that determines individuals' reactions to subtle forms of mistreatment. Two experimental studies (n = 449) examined individuals' perceptions of high‐ and low‐ranking individuals' incivility in two national (Study 1) and two organizational (Study 2) cultural settings that varied in power distance. Consistent across studies, the uncivil actions of a high‐ranking perpetrator were deemed more acceptable than the uncivil actions of a low‐ranking perpetrator in the large power distance cultural settings, but not in the small power distance cultural settings. Differing injunctive norms (acceptability), but not descriptive norms (perceived likelihood of occurrence), contributed to cultural variations in the level of discomfort caused by incivility. In addition, perceptions of descriptive and injunctive norms coincided, but differed markedly in their associations with discomfort. We discuss the practical and theoretical implications of these findings.