bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
"Optimizing Lathe Process Capability Using Non-Metallic Gears: A Comparative Analysis of Machining Performance"
Authors: Koli Tushar A. , Arajpure V. G. , Patil V. H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This paper presents the effects of non-metallic gears (cast nylon, nylon, and Hylam) in the process capability performance of a lathe machine in turning operations in comparison with metallic gears. Machining of 216 shafts has been carried out under different setups of spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. Process capability indices in terms of (Cp, Cpk) have been calculated and control charts - X-bar and R-charts were used to analyze the performance. The results also reveal that the Hylam gear outperforms the other gears, with higher process capability due to its superior density and flexural strength. This analysis reveals there is considerable scope for the application of non-metallic gears to develop surfaces that can achieve better surface finish by taking up process control and machining precision at lesser cost than metallic gears in modern lathe machining.
Shotgun proteomic analysis of the caterpillar Lonomia obliqua (Lepitoptera, Saturniidae) hemolymph and effects in rat hippocampal neurons culture
Authors: Maggi Silviane , Pinto Antonio Frederico Michel , Udo Mariana Sayuri Berto , Silva Mariana Aguilera Alencar da , Garcia Raphael Caio Tamborelli , Minetto Luciane , Tasso Leandro , Machado Pablo , Santos Diógenes Santiago , Eichler Paula , Barcellos Thiago , Junior Pedro Ismael da Silva , Mendonça Ronaldo Zucatelli , Marcourakis Tania , Moura Sidnei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Study of substances with potentially neuroprotective has been one of the research focus on drugs development. Toxic proteins of Lonomia obliqua caterpillars, which have caused several accidents in southern Brazil, were identified in the hemolymph with anti-apoptotic activity. This study aims the evaluation of the protein profile and the hemolymph effect on cell viability of rats’ primary cultured hippocampal neurons after apoptosis induction. Semi-quantitative shotgun proteomics approach was used to evaluate the protein profile of 3 caterpillars lots of different origin. Were identified a total of 76 proteins, 71 in hemolymph and 40 in fractions. Antiviral protein predominated in crude hemolymph, following by serine proteases, hemolins and protease inhibitors. In fractions were identified hemolins, serine proteases and protease inhibitors. The treatment of rats’ primary cultured hippocampal neurons with the chromatographic fraction at concentration of 0.05 and 0.10% (v/v) for 24 hours, with subsequently apoptosis induction was able to maintain cell viability significantly higher than positive control. Hemolymph protein composition can show qualitative and quantitative variations intra species when compared different origins animals and consequently exposed to various environmental factors. The results shown on this study may contribute to the identification of proteins with potential use as neuroprotective in degenerative conditions.
Mechanism of Contact Nonlinearity on the Natural Frequency of Spatial Spherical-Joint-Beam Structures
Authors: Peng Tao , Liu Rongqiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Spherical joints are widely utilized in space-deployable truss extension arms due to their compact structure, high reliability and excellent flexibility. Spherical joints are often combined with beams to form Spherical-Joint-Beam Structures (SJBS). However, the nonlinear contact effects and discontinuities inherent to spherical joints pose challenges to the dynamic modeling of SJBS, leading to significant errors in predicting the dynamic performance of truss extension arms. To address the aforementioned issues, this paper proposes a continuous modeling method of the spherical joint structure by introducing equivalent material layer (EML) and developing a nonlinear dynamic model of the SJBS. Specifically, this study establishes a theoretical model for the contact force and stiffness of spherical joints based on fractal contact theory, along with an in-depth analysis of the factors influencing contact stiffness. Additionally, mathematical models for key parameters of the EML, such as the elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio and shear modulus are derived based on energy conservation, then the sensitivity analysis of the EML parameters is conducted. Finally, the dynamic characteristics of the SJBS are systematically investigated, and the accuracy of the theoretical model is validated experimentally through modal experiments. The results indicate that using EML in modal analysis better captures the contact characteristics of the ball joint compared to finite element simulation. The error for the first-order frequency is 9.66%, and for the second-order frequency, it is 12.98%. This study reveals the mechanisms by which geometric nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity influence the natural frequency of the SJBS, providing valuable insights for the application of these structures in the extension arms of large space trusses.
Effect of Finerenone in Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Rivera-Martinez Juan Carlos , Sabina Michael , Khanani Aqeel , Lurie Andrew , Rigdon Amanda , Abusnina Waiel , Bizanti Anas , Paul Timir 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Heart failure is prevalent in the United States. Although guidelines exist for managing heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), there is no consensus for heart failure with mildly reduced (HFmrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Recent trials have explored Finerenone, a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, in HFmrEF and HFpEF patients. This meta-analysis evaluates Finerenone as a treatment option.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Embase for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining Finerenone's effects on cardiovascular and renal outcomes. The analysis included three RCTs: FIDELIO-DKD, FIGARO-DKD, and FINEARTS-HF, with 19,027 participants. Primary outcomes were cardiovascular death, heart failure hospitalization, and renal failure. Secondary outcomes included safety and adverse events like acute kidney injury and hyperkalemia. Meta-analyses used hazard ratios (HR), confidence intervals (CI), and risk ratios (RR).
Results
Finerenone reduced heart failure hospitalization risk by 20% (HR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.72–0.90, p < 0.0001) with no heterogeneity (I² = 0%). A 14% reduction in all-cause mortality was observed (RR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77–0.97, p = 0.01). However, Finerenone did not significantly reduce cardiovascular death (HR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.82–1.01, p = 0.06). Renal failure rates were similar between Finerenone and placebo (RR 1.05, 95% CI: 0.65–1.68).
Conclusion
This meta-analysis shows Finerenone significantly reduces heart failure hospitalizations and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease and heart failure. Further research is needed to assess its impact on cardiovascular death and renal failure.
High-precision positioning and timing method of GNSS receiver for mobile communication networks
Authors: Haodong Zhao , Junna Shang , Huli Shi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In the current mobile communication network, many GNSS receiving devices have emerged. To reduce the construction cost of the mobile communication network and meet the needs of high-precision positioning and timing in certain scenarios, a self-differential enhanced iterative network algorithm suitable for mobile communication networks has been proposed. This algorithm can use existing GNSS receivers to form a CORS-like station network to achieve high-precision positioning in a local area. Based on high-precision positioning, various delay errors in the current 1PPS second pulse are corrected by differential information data to solve the precise time of the local clock, thereby improving timing accuracy.In engineering applications, the self-differential enhanced iterative network algorithm is used to make embedded improvements to the antenna parameter sensor commonly used in mobile communication networks. The improved antenna parameter sensor has obtained high-precision positioning and timing functions based on the original attitude and direction measurement functions. Its positioning accuracy can reach millimeter level, and the timing accuracy can reach 20 nanoseconds.
Fusion Diagnostic Knowledge and Foundation Model forAbnormal Cervical Cell Detection
Authors: Ding Bo , Zhou Xuefeng , Li Chaowei , Zhou Jun , He Yongjun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Automatic abnormal cervical cell detection provides cytopathologists with reliable evidence, rapiddiagnosis and reduced workload. However, this task is often prone to interference factors such as impurities,microorganisms, and neutrophils. The morphological diversity of abnormal cells also increasesthe complexity of detection. Unfortunately, existing abnormal cervical cell detection methods havenot fully utilized diagnostic knowledge from cytopathologists to handle these challenges.We proposean abnormal cervical cell detection method that leverages image and textual diagnostic knowledgein The Bethesda System (TBS) to interpret cervical cytology results, boosting the performance ofthe foundation model for target detection. First, we build a TBS diagnostic knowledge base througha TDK-Bert module. In TDK-Bert, TBS diagnostic knowledge can be efficiently extracted throughBert to capture textual features, which can then be aligned and fused with image features through anattention mechanism. In addition, we propose an ODC-SPPF module to improve the Spatial PyramidPooling-Fast (SPPF) module in a YOLO-based foundation model. The ODC-SPPF employs omnidimensionaldynamic convolution to improve the ability of feature extraction, particularly for subtlecells, and alleviates the interference of complex backgrounds in Thinprep cytologic test images. Experimentalresults on a cervical cell detection dataset demonstrate that our method effectively combinesknowledge bases and foundation models for abnormal cervical cell detection and outperforms thestate-of-the-art methods.
Sliding dynamics modeling and kinematic characteristic analysis of suspension ropes on elevator traction sheave
Authors: Zhang Weimin , Zhang Wenxin , Ye Lizhong , Zheng Bo , Wu Chengjun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The protection against the unintended car movement and the verification of traction force under emergency braking of the elevator are two extremely important protective measures in elevator safety protection. The main braking method for gearless main elevators is to indirectly stop the car by stopping the traction sheave through the traction machine brake. However, in existing theoretical research, the complex elevator braking process is only modeled through simple constant acceleration motion, without considering the sliding motion of the suspension ropes on the traction sheave after the traction sheave stops rotating, making it difficult to match the actual braking process and posing a huge challenge to the safe operation of elevators. Therefore, this article analyzes the asynchronous operation characteristics of the traction sheave motion state and the car motion state from the brake receiving the stop command to the complete stop of the car. A new formula for calculating the traction sheave acceleration and the differential equation for car acceleration are established, and the time-varying equations for car acceleration, velocity, and displacement are solved through approximate methods. The experimental results show that the theoretical model proposed in thz,2is paper can accurately evaluate the slip dynamics characteristics of the suspension ropes on the traction sheave, and has wide engineering application value.
Understanding Malaria Treatment Patronage from Informal Healthcare Providers in Nigerian Urban Settlements: Insights from community members and providers
Authors: Bamgboye Eniola Adetola , Ogunwale Akintayo Olamide , Adamu Al-Mukthar Yahuza , Bello Musa , Mhlanga Laurette , Olawuwo Morenikeji , Fagbamigbe Adeniyi Francis , Akinyemi Joshua Odunayo , Ajayi IkeOluwapo Oyeneye , Ozodiegwu Ifeoma Doreen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Informal Healthcare Providers (IHCPs), including Proprietary Patent Medicine Vendors (PPMVs), Drug Peddlers (DPs), Traditional Healers (THs), and Herbal Drug Sellers (HDSs) are often the first choice for malaria treatment, especially in urban slums. Unplanned urbanization significantly impacts malaria transmission by creating cities with inadequate safety nets and healthcare access, increasing reliance on IHCPs. While WHO recognizes IHCP’s crucial role and emphasizes integrating them into formal healthcare for improved malaria care, they lack requisite training in malaria management and operate outside official regulations, raising concerns about the quality of care. Understanding IHCPs' perceptions and practices is essential for their proper integration. This study explored the perceived malaria burden, IHCPs' competence in malaria treatment, and reasons for visiting IHCPs in various urban settlements from both community member and provider perspectives.
This was a qualitative cross-sectional study in Ibadan and Kano metropolis. Eighteen (18) Focus Group Discussions (FGD) among 157 adult community members, and twelve (12) Key-Informant Interviews (KIIs) among PPMVs, DPs, THs, and HDSs were conducted in these cities. Participants were drawn purposively from settlements - designated as formal, informal and slum based on local definitions - in selected wards within the cities. Data were collected using pre-tested guides and analyzed thematically.
Our study reveals that malaria remains a significant health problem in these Nigerian cities. Patronage of IHCPs is driven by affordable treatment, perceived mildness of illness and access to credit facilities while cultural belief was key to patronage of HDSs and THs, largely among informal and slum residents. Furthermore, while IHCPs had a strong perceived competence in managing malaria cases, inadequate diagnosis and treatment were common practices. Educating and equipping IHCPs with diagnostic tools, enhancing access to affordable healthcare, and raising public awareness are crucial for proper malaria management and promoting collaborations with formal health care providers.
Enhancing Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction through Multi-feature Fusion Graph Convolutional Networks
Authors: Chen Xiaojing , Ou Meiying , Chen Yanming , Gu Shengwei , Zhao Ruibin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces a multi-feature fusion graph convolutional network (MFFGCN) for the accurate prediction of pedestrian trajectories. Unlike previous methods that primarily relied on distance-based interactions, MFFGCN considers a broader range of influencing factors, including movement direction, relative distance, and movement velocity. By integrating these factors, the proposed model is able to more comprehensively capture the complex social interactions among pedestrians. The model comprises several modules: a pedestrian movement direction interaction module, distance-based and velocity-based interaction graph modules, a graph convolutional network (GCN) for feature extraction, and a temporal convolutional network (TCN) for trajectory prediction. Experimental results on the ETH and UCY datasets demonstrate that MFFGCN outperforms state-of-the-art methods, achieving lower average displacement error (ADE) and final displacement error (FDE). The proposed model not only improves the accuracy of pedestrian trajectory prediction but also provides insights into the importance of considering multiple factors in modeling pedestrian interactions. Our source code is available at: https://github.com/XiaojingChen327/MFFGCN-model/tree/main.
Классификация наук в античную эпоху и ее рецепция в раннее Новое время
Authors: Л.Я. Жмудь 
Published: October 2024

В разделе книги показано, что в историографии науки последних двух столетий состав античной науки постоянно меняется: помимо точных дисциплин, mathēmata, в нее стали включать, с одной стороны, естествознание и медицину, хотя в античности они научными еще не были, а с другой, астрологию, алхимию и физиономику, давно выбывшие из числа научных дисциплин Нового времени. Античные классификации наук, принадлежащие Аристотелю и Гемину Родосскому (I в. до н.э.), опровергают эти добавления: научными в них считались только mathēmata. Многочисленные классификации XV–XVIII вв. широко понимаемой математики, чистой и смешанной, опирались преимущественно на античную традицию, постоянно расширяя universa mathesis за счет новых дисциплин, относящихся к mathesis mixta, или к математизированным областям физики и техники. Сложившиеся в античности представления о границах между математикой и физикой доминировали до конца XVIII в., современное понимание этих границ сформировалось только в XIX в.
This part of the book shows that in the historiography of science of the last two centuries, the composition of ancient Greek science is constantly changing: in addition to the exact sciences, mathēmata, it began to include, on the one hand, natural science and medicine, which in antiquity were not yet scientific, and on the other, astrology, alchemy, and physiognomy, which long since ceased to be scientific disciplines. On the contrary, ancient Greek classifications of sciences by Aristotle and Geminus of Rhodes (first century BC) include only mathēmata und thus defy modern additions. In the early modern period, numerous classifications of pure and mixed mathematics relied primarily on the ancient tradition, constantly expanding the universa mathesis through new disciplines related to mathesis mixta, or mathematized areas of physics and technology. Ancient perception of the boundaries between mathematics and physics dominated until the late 18th century, while modern understanding of these boundaries was formed only in the 19thcentury.
Correlations between the structural and impurity features revealing fluctuant growth conditions of natural fibrous diamonds
Authors: Sun Chengyang , He Mingyue , Lu Taijin , Muraishi Shinji , Deng Yi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fibrous diamonds containing numerous mantle fluid inclusions have been studied to explore their unique growth patterns and the evolution of mantle fluids. However, the growth of fibrous diamonds is not a completely homogeneous process, and there has been limited focus on the growth fluctuations of the diamonds themselves. This gap in research hinders our understanding of mantle fluid evolution. To address this issue, polarizing microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), cathodoluminescence (CL), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to make systematic studies about the distribution and composition of fluid micro-inclusions, growth structure, plastic deformation, residual stress, and impurities in coated diamonds from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It was found that VN3H defects controlled the luminescence of diamond growth layers, and plastic deformation and residual stress were mainly related to nitrogen content. However, the relationship between VN3H defects and nitrogen content in the core varied, leading to contrasting correlations with plastic deformation and residual stress. In the fibrous coat existed growth layers with varying densities of micro-inclusions. Interestingly, both the dark fibrous layers with the highest density of micro-inclusions and the light-yellow fibrous layers with the lowest density of micro-inclusions showed positive anomalies of plastic deformation, tensile residual stress, nitrogen concentration, and VN3H defects. According to the micro-inclusion composition and the effect of growth conditions on the growth rate and impurity incorporation of diamonds. It was speculated growth mediums with high water contents led to the formation of dark layers with the highest growth rate, and reduced growth pressures were the major reason causing the crystallization of light-yellow fibrous layers. This study evidenced that the nucleation of natural fibrous diamonds could be subjected to the influence of multiple factors, which furthered our cognition about the growth process of natural fibrous diamonds, and also exemplified that the systematic correlations between the structural and impurity features of diamonds have the potential to reflect variations of mantle conditions under which they crystallized.
Optimizing urban flood management: enhancing urban drainage system efficiency under extreme rainfall events
Authors: Ma Tianfang , Kim Jong-Suk , Jun Changhyun , Moon Young-Il , Moon Hyeontae 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Extreme rainfall events, particularly those induced by tropical cyclones, pose a heightened risk to the urban drainage system (UDS). Existing UDSs, having been established long ago, often fail to account for the extreme rainfall caused by cyclones. To address this issue, this study designs a multi-objective intelligent scheduling model within a simulation -optimization framework, aiming to optimize the operation of urban drainage infrastructure and hydraulic structures. This is achieved by integrating the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) with the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm (MOPSO) and distinctly evaluating typhoons and torrential rains for their impact on extreme rainfall. The study results show that the multi-objective intelligent scheduling model can effectively devise operation strategies for pumping stations and weirs in the study area, thereby optimizing their use for urban drainage. The model was successful in reducing the total flood volume (TFV) and the water level fluctuation (WLF) by 3.11%–57.77% and 26.32%–65.48%, respectively. This not only mitigates urban flooding but also enhances the infrastructure stability of the UDS. The model outperformed the local adaptation strategy in most scenarios for the two selected objectives, suggesting that the efficiency can be significantly improved by optimizing UDSs without expansion of existing infrastructure or additional costs.
Ecological scheduling model of the Wujiang River cascaded hydropower reservoirs based on improving the DE algorithm
Authors: Zhu Xi , Mo Hejian , Wu Shanfeng , Wang Rongrong , Zhang Jin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

To protect the aquatic ecological system of the Wujiang River, ecological scheduling is carried out for the cascaded hydropower reservoirs along the river. This aims to achieve a win-win situation by minimizing the negative impact on the ecological environment while harnessing the economic benefits of the cascaded hydropower reservoirs. First, to address the slow convergence and susceptibility to local optima issues of the differential evolution algorithm, a new methodology was developed: a differential evolution algorithm with chaotic opposition-based initialization (COI) and average mutation update-based strategy (AMU). Second, an optimization model for the cascaded hydropower reservoir's ecological scheduling was constructed, dividing it into two modes: the daily average control mode and the instantaneous control mode. The Wujiang River cascaded hydropower reservoir's ecological scheduling optimization model was solved using the proposed differential evolution algorithm with COI and AMU. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior optimization capabilities and is more suitable for solving the cascaded hydropower reservoir's ecological scheduling optimization model. Studies demonstrate that adopting different ecological scheduling control modes for the Wujiang River cascaded hydropower reservoirs not only ensures power generation benefits but also enhances the ecological benefits of the Wujiang River cascade hydropower reservoirs.