bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute impact of conventional and eccentric cycling on platelet and vascular function in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Haynes Andrew , Linden Matthew D. , Chasland Lauren C. , Nosaka Kazunori , Maiorana Andrew , Dawson Ellen A. , Dembo Lawrence H. , Naylor Louise H. , Green Daniel J. 
Published: March 2017

Evidence-based guidelines recommend exercise therapy for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Such patients have increased atherothrombotic risk. Exercise can transiently increase platelet activation and reactivity and decrease vascular function in healthy participants, although data in CHF are scant. Eccentric (ECC) cycling is a novel exercise modality that may be particularly suited to patients with CHF, but the acute impacts of ECC cycling on platelet and vascular function are currently unknown. Our null hypothesis was that ECC and concentric (CON) cycling, performed at matched external workloads, would not induce changes in platelet or vascular function in patients with CHF. Eleven patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) took part in discrete bouts of ECC and CON cycling. Before and immediately after exercise, vascular function was assessed by measuring diameter and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Platelet function was measured by the flow cytometric determination of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation and granule exocytosis in the presence and absence of platelet agonists. ECC cycling increased baseline artery diameter (pre: 4.0 ± 0.8 mm vs. post: 4.2 ± 0.7 mm; P = 0.04) and decreased FMD%. When changes in baseline artery diameter were accounted for, the decrease in FMD post-ECC cycling was no longer significant. No changes were apparent after CON. Neither ECC nor CON cycling resulted in changes to any platelet-function measures (all P > 0.05). These results suggest that both ECC and CON cycling, at a moderate intensity and short duration, can be performed by patients with HFrEF without detrimental impacts on vascular or platelet function. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first evidence to indicate that eccentric (ECC) cycling can be performed relatively safely by patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), as it did not result in impaired vascular or platelet function compared with conventional cycling. This is important, as acute exercise can transiently increase atherothrombotic risk, and ECC cycling is a novel exercise modality that may be particularly suited to patients with CHF.
AMPA receptor-mediated rapid EPSCs in vestibular calyx afferents
Authors: Kirk Matthew E. , Meredith Frances L. , Benke Timothy A. , Rennie Katherine J. 
Published: March 2017

In the vestibular periphery neurotransmission between hair cells and primary afferent nerves occurs via specialized ribbon synapses. Type I vestibular hair cells (HCIs) make synaptic contacts with calyx terminals, which enclose most of the HCI basolateral surface. To probe synaptic transmission, whole cell patch-clamp recordings were made from calyx afferent terminals isolated together with their mature HCIs from gerbil crista. Neurotransmitter release was measured as excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in voltage clamp. Spontaneous EPSCs were classified as simple or complex. Simple events exhibited a rapid rise time and a fast monoexponential decay (time constant < 1 ms). The remaining events, constituting ~40% of EPSCs, showed more complex characteristics. Extracellular Sr2+greatly increased EPSC frequency, and EPSCs were blocked by the AMPA receptor blocker NBQX. The role of presynaptic Ca2+channels was assessed by application of the L-type Ca2+channel blocker nifedipine (20 µM), which reduced EPSC frequency. In contrast, the L-type Ca2+channel opener BAY K 8644 increased EPSC frequency. Cyclothiazide increased the decay time constant of averaged simple EPSCs by approximately twofold. The low-affinity AMPA receptor antagonist γ-d-glutamylglycine (2 mM) reduced the proportion of simple EPSCs relative to complex events, indicating glutamate accumulation in the restricted cleft between HCI and calyx. In crista slices EPSC frequency was greater in central compared with peripheral calyces, which may be due to greater numbers of presynaptic ribbons in central hair cells. Our data support a role for L-type Ca2+channels in spontaneous release and demonstrate regional variations in AMPA-mediated quantal transmission at the calyx synapse.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In vestibular calyx terminals of mature cristae we find that the majority of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) are rapid monophasic events mediated by AMPA receptors. Spontaneous EPSCs are reduced by an L-type Ca2+channel blocker and notably enhanced in extracellular Sr2+. EPSC frequency is greater in central areas of the crista compared with peripheral areas and may be associated with more numerous presynaptic ribbons in central hair cells.
64Cu-MM-302 Positron Emission Tomography Quantifies Variability of Enhanced Permeability and Retention of Nanoparticles in Relation to Treatment Response in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Lee Helen , Shields Anthony F. , Siegel Barry A. , Miller Kathy D. , Krop Ian , Ma Cynthia X. , LoRusso Patricia M. , Munster Pamela N. , Campbell Karen , Gaddy Daniel F. , Leonard Shannon C. , Geretti Elena , Blocker Stephanie J. , Kirpotin Dmitri B. , Moyo Victor , Wickham Thomas J. , Hendriks Bart S. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Purpose: Therapeutic nanoparticles are designed to deliver their drug payloads through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) in solid tumors. The extent of EPR and its variability in human tumors is highly debated and has been proposed as an explanation for variable responses to therapeutic nanoparticles in clinical studies.
Experimental Design: We assessed the EPR effect in patients using a 64Cu-labeled nanoparticle, 64Cu-MM-302 (64Cu-labeled HER2-targeted PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin), and imaging by PET/CT. Nineteen patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer underwent 2 to 3 PET/CT scans postadministration of 64Cu-MM-302 as part of a clinical trial of MM-302 plus trastuzumab with and without cyclophosphamide (NCT01304797).
Results: Significant background uptake of 64Cu-MM-302 was observed in liver and spleen. Tumor accumulation of 64Cu-MM-302 at 24 to 48 hours varied 35-fold (0.52–18.5 %ID/kg), including deposition in bone and brain lesions, and was independent of systemic plasma exposure. Computational analysis quantified rates of deposition and washout, indicating peak liposome deposition at 24 to 48 hours. Patients were classified on the basis of 64Cu-MM-302 lesion deposition using a cut-off point that is comparable with a response threshold in preclinical studies. In a retrospective exploratory analysis of patient outcomes relating to drug levels in tumor lesions, high 64Cu-MM-302 deposition was associated with more favorable treatment outcomes (HR = 0.42).
Conclusions: These findings provide important evidence and quantification of the EPR effect in human metastatic tumors and support imaging nanoparticle deposition in tumors as a potential means to identify patients well suited for treatment with therapeutic nanoparticles. Clin Cancer Res; 23(15); 4190–202. ©2017 AACR.
Real Coded Genetic Algorithm Based Improvement of Efficiency in Interleaved Boost Converter
Authors: Arundevi M , Valarmathi K , Mahendran R 
Published: March 2017

<table width="593" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="387"><p> The reliability, efficiency, and controllability of Photo Voltaic power systems can be increased by embedding the components of a Boost Converter. Currently, the converter technology overcomes the main problems of manufacturing cost, efficiency and mass production. Issue to limit the life span of a Photo Voltaic inverter is the huge electrolytic capacitor across the Direct Current bus for energy decoupling. This paper presents a two-phase interleaved boost converter which ensures 180 angle phase shift between the two interleaved converters. The Proportional Integral controller is used to reshape that the controller attempts to minimize the error by adjusting the control inputs and also real coded genetic algorithm is proposed for tuning of controlling parameters of Proportional Integral controller. The real coded genetic algorithm is applied in the Interleaved Boost Converter with Advanced Pulse Width Modulation Techniques for improving the results of efficiency and reduction of ripple current. Simulation results illustrate the improvement of efficiency and the diminution of ripple current.</p></td></tr></tbody></table>
A Simple Strategy of Controlling a Balanced Voltage Capacitor in Single Phase Five-Level Inverter
Authors: Pratomo Leonardus Heru , Wijaya F. Danang , Firmansyah Eka 
Published: March 2017

The five-level inverter has been used for many applications in renewable energy systems. Even though its harmonic distortion was lower than the conventional two-level inverter. The five-level converter has some disadvantages such as increasing power semiconductor, complex pulse width modulation control methods, and problem with the voltage balancing of the capacitor. This paper aims to propose a modified five-level inverter based on sinusoidal pulse width modulation using phase shifted carrier to enhancing the capacitor voltage balancing. This modified five-level inverter reduces the overall cost and the complexity of the pulse width modulator. Thus making the proposed control system highly simple. The performance and its controller were validated by means of standard laboratory equipments. The analysis, simulation and implementation result showed better performance of five-level inverter.
Push-Pull Converter Fed Three-Phase Inverter for Residential and Motor Load
Authors: Babu Samuel Rajesh 
Published: March 2017

<p>The proposed paper is an new approach for power conditioning of a PV (photo-voltaic) cell array. The main objective is to investigate an approach to provide and improve the delivered electric energy by means of power conditioning structures with the use of alternative renewable resources (ARRs) for remote rural residential or industrial non-linear loads. This approach employs a series-combined connected boost and buck boost DC-DC converter for power conditioning of the dc voltage provided by a photo-voltaic array. The input voltage to the combined converters is 100 V provided from two series connected PV cells, which is converted and increased to 200 V at the dc output voltage. Series-combined connected boost and buck-boost DC-DC converters operate alternatively. This helps to reduce the input ripple current and provide the required 400 Vdc on a sinusoidal PWM three-phase inverter. Analysis of the two series-combined DC-DC converters is presented along with simulation results. Simulations of the series-combined DC-DC converters are presented with an output DC voltage of 200 V and a maximum output load of <em>Po </em>= 600 W.<em></em></p>
A New Multilevel Inverter Structure For High-Power Applications using Multi-carrier PWM Switching Strategy
Authors: Alishah Rasoul Shalchi , Hosseini Seyyed Hossein 
Published: March 2017

In recent, several numbers of multilevel inverter structures have been introduced that the numbers of circuit devices have been reduced. This paper introduces a new structure for multilevel inverter which can be used in high-power applications. The proposed topology is based on cascaded connection of basic units. This topology consists of minimum number of circuit components such as IGBT, gate driver circuit and antiparallel diode. For proposed topology, two methods are presented for determination of dc voltage sources values. Multi-carrier PWM method for 25-level proposed topology is used. Verification of the analytical results is done using MATLAB simulation.
Supply Power Factor Improvement in Ozone Generator System Using Active Power Factor Correction Converter
Authors: Udhayakumar G. , M R Rashmi , Patel K. , Ramesh G.P. , A Suresh 
Published: March 2017

<p>Artificial Ozone Generating system needs High Voltage, High Frequency supply. The Ozonator distorts the supply currents and henceforth affect the supply power factor. This paper presents the performance comparison of PWM inverter to Power Factor Corrected (PFC) converter with PWM inverter based High-voltage High-frequency power supply for ozone generator system. The conventional inverter has front end bridge rectifier with smoothing capacitor. It draws non-sinusoidal current from ac mains; as a result input supply has more harmonics and poor power factor. Hence, there is a continuous need for power factor improvement and reduction of line current harmonics. The proposed system has active power factor correction converter which is used to achieve sinusoidal current and improve the supply power factor. The active PFC converter with PWM inverter fed ozone generator generates more ozone output compared to the conventional inverter. Thus the proposed system has less current harmonics and better input power factor compared to the conventional system. The performance of the both inverters are compared and analyzed with the help of simulation results presented in this paper.</p>
A Modified Bridgeless Converter for SRM Drive with Reduced Ripple Current
Authors: Krishnakumar Maheswari C , Thottungal Rani , A.C Divya 
Published: March 2017

<p>Single Phase Switched Reluctance Motor is more popular in many industrial purposes for high speed applications because of its robust and rugged construction. For low cost and variable speed drive applications SRM are widely used.Due to doubly salient structure of motor, the torque pulsations are high when compared to other sinusoidal machines. The major drawback in using SRM drive is torque pulsations and increased number of switching components. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a bridgeless Single Ended Primary Inductor Converter (SEPIC) is proposed. The major advantages of this converter are continuous output current,smaller voltage ripple and reduced semiconductor current stress when compared to the conventional SEPIC converter. The ripple free input current is obtained by using additional winding of input inductor and auxiliary capacitors. To achieve high efficiency, active power factor correction circuits (PFC) are employed to precise the power factor. Further, the unity power factor can be obtained by making the input current during switching period proportional to the input voltage is proposed. The proposed system consists of reduced components and it is also capable of reducing the conduction losses. The working principles and the waveforms of proposed converter are analyzed. To analyze the circuit operation, theoretical analysis and simulation results are provided. Finally, the comparison between the waveforms of conventional SEPIC and proposed system is presented by using MATLAB/Simulink tools.</p>
A Novel Rotor Resistance Estimation Technique for Vector Controlled Induction Motor Drive Using TS Fuzzy
Authors: Chacko Saji , N.Bhende Chandrashekhar , Jain Shailendra , Nema R.K. 
Published: March 2017

Induction motor with indirect field oriented control is well suited for high performance applications due to its excellent dynamic behavior. But, the indirect field oriented controller is sensitive to variations in rotor time constant, especially variation in rotor resistance. In this study a scheme based on the Rotor flux Model Reference Adaptive Controller is used for on line identification of the rotor resistance and thus improving the steady state performance of the drive. The overriding feature of this estimation technique is the accurate identification of rotor resistance especially during transient and steady state conditions when the drive is operating at full load and at zero motor speed condition. Moroever, the effectiveness of the TS fuzzy controller utilizing rotor flux for online estimation of rotor resistance for four quadrant operation of motor drive is investigated and compared with the conventional PI and Mamdani fuzzy controller Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink environment.have been presented to confirm the effectiviness of the technique.
Analysis of Impedance Source Inverter Topologies for Grid integration of PV inverters
Authors: Sangari Arasakumar , Umamaheswari R 
Published: March 2017

In this paper, the performance of different Impedance Source Inverter (ZSI) topologies in implementing single stage power conversion for grid ingetertion of PV power converters <del cite="mailto:QP%20Council" datetime="2015-08-11T09:53"> </del>is discussed.Unlike the traditional inverters, ZSI employs a distinctive impedance network, thereby making shoot-through state is possible. The independent control variables are shoot-through duty ratio and modulation index. Simple Boost Control pulse width modulation technique was used in this work to vary the modulation index. Here the basic operation, simple boost control method, characteristics, requirements and harmonic analysis of the classical Z-Source Inverter (ZSI), TZ-Source Inverter (TZSI), Trans-Z-Source Inverter (Trans-ZSI) and Improved ZSI (IMZSI) topologies were compared for interfacing the wide range <del cite="mailto:QP%20Council" datetime="2015-08-11T09:54"> </del>variable input energy to utility supply system. The performances were compared based on its MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation model and featured results are shown to confirm its validity.
An Evaluation of Linear Time Frequency Distribution Analysis for VSI Switch Faults Identification
Authors: Habban M.F. , Manap M. , Abdullah A.R. , Jopri M.H. , Sutikno T. 
Published: March 2017

This paper present an evaluation of linear time frequency distribution analysis for voltage source inverter system (VSI). Power electronic now are highly demand in industrial such as manufacturing, industrial process and semiconductor because of the reliability and sustainability. However, the phenomenon that happened in switch fault has become a critical issue in the development of advanced. This causes problems that occur study on fault switch at voltage source inverter (VSI) must be identified more closely so that problems like this can be prevented. The TFD which is STFT and S-transform method are analyzed the switch fault of VSI. To identify the VSI switches fault, the parameter of fault signal such as instantaneous of average current, RMS current, RMS fundamental current, total waveform distortion, total harmonic distortion and total non-harmonic distortion can be estimated from TFD. The analysis information are useful especially for industrial application in the process for identify the switch fault detection. Then the accuracy of both method, which mean STFT and S-transform are identified by the lowest value of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). In addition, the S-transform gives a better accuracy compare with STFT and it can be implement for fault detection system.
Modeling and Simulation of Three Phase D-SVC for Load Compensation
Authors: Sahoo Ashwin Kumar , Sahoo Sarat Kumar , Mohanty Nalinikanta 
Published: March 2017

The transmission of electric power has to take place in the most efficient way in addition to providing flexibility in the process. Flexible A.C. Transmission System (FACTS) promotes the use of static controllers to enhance the controllability and increase the power transfer capability. Providing reactive shunt compensation with shunt-connected capacitors and reactors is a well-established technique to get a better voltage profile in a power system. Shunt Capacitors are inexpensive but lack dynamic capabilities, thus some form of dynamically controlled reactive power compensation becomes essential. In this paper, three phase Distribution Static Var Compensator (D-SVC) has been developed and studied under different conditions. Open loop mode and closed loop mode of operation of D-SVC is simulated and studied. The work presented here is very much useful for distribution system, for effective reactive power management and better Voltage control.
Transient and Steady State Analysis of Modified Three Phase Multilevel Inverter for Photovoltaic System
Authors: Venkatesan M. , Rajeswari R. , Kaliyamoorthy M. , Srithar M. 
Published: March 2017

The transient and steady state analysis of Modified Three Phase Multilevel Inverter (MMLI) for Photovoltaic (PV) system fed from single DC input is presented in this paper. The transient and Steady state conditions of modified three phase multilevel inverter are analyzed using Proportional Integral (PI) and Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) with change in irradiance level of PV panels. The three phase multilevel inverter is designed with reduce number of power semiconductor switches, components, single DC input and effectively controlled by using Space Vector Pulse width Modulation technique (SVPWM). The obtained results are validated using MATLAB/ Simulink.Finaly, semiconductor switches and componets utilization of MMLI is compared with other similar topologies.
Design and Development of a Wind Turbine Emulator for Analyzing the Performance of Stand-alone Wind Energy Conversion System
Authors: Bhayo M.A. , Aziz M.J.A. , Idris N.R.N. , Yatim A.H.M. 
Published: March 2017

<p>This paper describes the design and development of a Wind Turbine Emulator (WTE), which can be used to analyze and assess the performance of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). The mathematical modeling of the WTE has been done using MATLAB/Simulink platform. A separately excited DC motor is deployed in order to reproduce the speed/torque, replacing the real wind turbine rotor. The half-bridge DC-DC power converter is developed to run the DC motor in a controlled fashion. Two PI controllers viz speed and current controller are employed which guarantee that the DC motor is following the theoretical (reference) rotational speed of the turbine rotor. A user interface is created in ControlDesk Next Generation, through which the input parameters of the WTE can be altered in real time and the instantaneous effect can be observed by analyzing the output parameters. The designed system offers wide range flexibility and provides a friendly environment in which wind speed and turbine parameters can be altered easily. Hence, offering user to conduct research on variable wind speeds. The DS1104 R&amp;D controller board is employed for implementation of the developed Simulink model. The system design, the model used, and obtained results are presented in this paper. </p>