bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Through the gender looking-glass: Brazilian tourism entrepreneurs
Authors: Costa Carlos , Breda Zelia , Bakas Fiona Eva , Durão Marilia , Pinho Isabel 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the ways in which gender influences entrepreneurial motivations and barriers in the Brazilian tourism sector. As an economic process, tourism entrepreneurship is widely spread in Brazil, with tourism development programs promoting it as a strategy to empower women, however limited research exists on how gender roles influence entrepreneurial ideals. This nationwide study aims to provide a contemporary insight into how tourism entrepreneurs in Brazil are situated within current entrepreneurship theorizing by questioning the complexity caused as gender roles influence entrepreneurial conceptualizations of what constitute motivations and barriers.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses online questionnaires aimed, for the first time, at a large variety of tourism sub-sectors in Brazil. Having nation-wide scope, the questionnaires produce knowledge on what motivates and what constrains Brazilian tourism entrepreneurs through a gender lens. Quantitative analysis using SPSS statistical software tests the statistical significance of results and is complemented by the integration of feminist economic theories into the analytical framework.FindingsThe current study’s findings highlight the invisibility of gender’s workings, as the majority of participants did not conceive gender as playing a role in their entrepreneurial experience. Entrepreneurial motivations and barriers show a departure from past literature, such as the fact that similar numbers of male and female tourism entrepreneurs perceive networking as a significant entrepreneurial barrier. This and other interesting findings prompt for alternative conceptualizations of discourses surrounding women’s involvement in tourism entrepreneurship.Originality/valueThis study consists of an original contribution to knowledge on tourism entrepreneurship in Brazil as this is the first time an empirical study has been made on a nation-wide scale regarding the role of gender in Brazilian tourism entrepreneurs’ motivations and constraints.
Diaspora economics: new perspectives
Authors: Constant Amelie F. , Zimmermann Klaus F. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new field and suggest a new research agenda.

Design/methodology/approach
Combine ethnicity, migration and international relations into a new thinking. Provide a typology of diaspora and a thorough evaluation of its role and the roles of the home and host countries.

Findings
Diaspora economics is more than a new word for migration economics. It opens a new strand to political economy. Diaspora is perceived to be a well-defined group of migrants and their offspring with a joined cultural identity and ongoing identification with the country or culture of origin. This implies the potential to undermine the nation-state. Diasporas can shape policies in the host countries.

Originality/value
Provide a new understanding of global human relations.
Migration and globalization: what’s in it for developing countries?
Authors: Rapoport Hillel 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to document the role of diaspora networks in enhancing cross-border flows of goods, capital, and knowledge, eventually contributing to efficient specialization, investment, and productivity growth in the migrants’ home-countries. Particular attention is paid to the role of skilled migrants, and to information imperfections reduction as the main channel for the documented effects.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reviews a growing literature on migration and globalization, focussing on its relevance for developing and emerging economies.FindingsIn reviewing the literature on the effects of migration on other dimensions of international economic interactions, this paper shows that migrants contribute to the integration of their country into the world market, which can be particularly important for economic growth in developing countries.Originality/valueIt documents the role of diaspora networks in enhancing cross-border flows of goods, capital, and knowledge, eventually contributing to efficient specialization, investment, and productivity growth in the migrants’ home-countries. Particular attention is paid to the role of skilled migrants, and to information imperfections reduction as the main channel for the documented effects.
Methodology for uncertainty characterization of performance measures
Authors: Lopes Isabel Silva , Sousa Sérgio Dinis , Nunes Eusébio 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology to represent the uncertainty generated in performance measures (PMs) during the operational step or “use step” of the performance measurement process (PMP). The different steps of the methodology are described and exemplified through an application example.

Design/methodology/approach
An index that reflects the level of uncertainty originated by the factors and the strength of their inter-relationships is developed through the use of graph theory. A graph is developed considering all sources or factors of uncertainty that may be present in this process. Based on the graph, the methodology includes the use of a matrix and the determination of the associated permanent function which is used for determining the uncertainty index.

Findings
During the development of the methodology, it was found that the use of a scale that includes zero for assigning values of the elements of the matrix is not appropriate when using graph theory and permanent function calculation, since in this case the permanent function is insensible to changes in some matrix elements.

Originality/value
This paper identifies all the sources that can affect the quality of performance measurement values during the operational step of the PMP and proposes a method to characterize the strength of this uncertainty. Beyond alerting decision makers to the level of uncertainty associated with a PM, it also allows defining appropriate actions to improve PMs’ quality.
Measurement and evaluation of product descriptors with a high relevance from a customers’ point of view
Authors: Brusch Michael , Baumert Katrin , Illner Luisa 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop an approach to measure and to evaluate product descriptors which have a high relevance from customers’ point of view. When developing new goods, i.e. products and services, decision makers have to include consumer evaluations within their decision-making process. These evaluations should analyze the product descriptors, which are really relevant from the customers’ point of view and which can be totally different from simple physical or technical attributes in the case of material goods. Besides these several types of product characteristics, the evaluations should consider external influencing factors like the involvement.

Design/methodology/approach
In this investigation, an empirical data set resulting from a complex technical product-related survey is used. The products analyzed are smartphones and can be seen as representative examples with both objective physical features and subjective design-related attributes. The data collection and analysis will focus on subjective attributes, identifying factors and separating customer segments, e.g. using cluster analysis. Additionally, the existence of influence factors such as the involvement of the customers will be tested.

Findings
The results show relevant differences from the customers’ point of view with regard to product descriptors which are different for every customer and hard to describe. The investigation leads to five different respondent groups. Additionally, other external (customer behavior-related) influence factors – especially the involvement – can be identified as relevant. The analyses point out that there is a need to analyze the customers on an individual level and to consider influencing factors.

Originality/value
The investigation illustrates consequences of the usage of customer individual subjective elements as product descriptors which are relevant from the customers’ viewpoint. The resulting insights are new for researchers from a theoretical and from a practical point of view. The results verify, among others, the needs to analyze the customers on an individual level and to consider external (customer behavior-related) influence factors.
Maturity model of procurement and supply management in small and medium-size enterprises
Authors: Tontini Gérson , de Carvalho Luciano Castro , Schlindwein Nair Fernandes da Costa , Tomarevski Victor 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a practical instrument for self-evaluation of maturity in the processes of procurement and supply management, applicable to small and medium-size companies, as well as to show how the use of this evaluation tool may help companies to decide what to improve in these processes.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on an empirical and theoretical framework, the instrument developed measures the maturity of procurement and supply management activities in four macro-processes: materials management, purchase process, supplier evaluation process and process of procurement planning. For testing the self-evaluation instrument, the authors evaluated the maturity of 48 hospitals and 37 metal-mechanic manufacturing companies located in the southern region of Brazil. To show how to use this tool to decide what to improve in procurement and supply processes, the authors conducted a comparative analysis of a hospital and a metal-mechanic company, in relation to the sample of the same segment.

Findings
The results show that the instrument is reliable for practical application. Metal-mechanic industries have a greater maturity in the purchase process than in the other three macro-processes. The management of materials is the most mature macro-process in hospitals. Comparing hospitals to metal-mechanic companies, the present research shows that, between 20 and 99 employees, hospitals tend to have a higher level of maturity in the purchase process than metal-mechanic companies. With 100 employees or more, metal-mechanic companies are more mature than hospitals in procurement planning and in selection/evaluation of suppliers.

Originality/value
Presenting a useful self-evaluation instrument, this work demonstrates that the measurement of the maturity level, and benchmarking it with other companies, may help a firm to decide what to improve in its processes of procurement and materials management, showing how an economic sector can understand itself better. Few scientific studies have practical application to the assessment of the degree of maturity of procurement and supply management processes. Besides that the authors did not find other papers presenting a comparison of different segments.
Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of ward rounds
Authors: Enslev Jensen Birgitte , Anne Found Pauline , Williams Sharon J. , Walley Paul 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
Ward rounds in hospitals are crucial for decision-making in the context of patient treatment processes. However, these tasks are not systematically managed and are often extended due to missing information or equipment or staff unavailability. This research aims to assess whether ward rounds can be structured more efficiently and effectively from the perspective of patients and staff.

Design/methodology/approach
This mixed-method approach examines the ward rounds conducted in three units within a haematology department of a major Danish hospital. Baseline measures were collected to capture the value of the ward round described by patients and staff. The information on patient and equipment flows associated with a typical ward round was mapped with recommendations for improvement.

Findings
Staff aspired to deliver a good-quality ward round, but what this meant was never articulated and there were no established standards. The duration of the ward round was unpredictable and could take 6 hours to complete. Improvements identified by the team allow the ward rounds to be completed by mid-day with much more certainty.

Research limitations/implications
This research provides an insight as to how ward rounds are conducted within a Danish haematology department.

Practical implications
The research has implications for those involved in ward rounds to reduce the time taken whilst maintaining quality and safety of patient care.

Social implications
This research has implications for patients and their families who wish to spend time with consultants.

Originality/value
Previous research has focused on the interactions between doctors and nurses. This research focuses on the operational process of the ward round and presents a structured approach to support multi-disciplinary teams with a focus on value from the patient’s perspective.
In search of a world-class university in Iran
Authors: Nazarzadeh Zare Mohsen , Pourkarimi Javad , Zaker Salehi Gholamreza , Rezaeian Sahba 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine faculty members’ views about the assessment of world-class university components in Iran’s comprehensive universities.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a descriptive methodology by using a survey method. The statistical population consisted of 8,548 faculty members of comprehensive universities all over Iran. Considering the large size of the population, the comprehensive universities were categorized into five clusters (North, South, East, West and Center). The authors selected the faculty members from different clusters using Cochran’s formula. A total of 367 faculty members were selected from five clusters. For data gathering, a researcher-designed questionnaire was used. In data analysis, statistical procedures including the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Kolmogrov-Smirnov test, one-sample t-test, and Friedman test were performed.

Findings
The findings of the research showed that except for academic freedom, other components of world-class university in Iran’s comprehensive universities were lower than the mean.

Practical implications
The case study showed how Iran’s comprehensive universities can become world-class universities. The methods of this case study can also be used in other fields.

Originality/value
This study adds to the knowledge of a world-class universities. Therefore to reach a desired level in comprehensive universities’ preparation for converting to a world-class university, it is essential that the policy makers and organizers of Iran’s higher education system pay greater attention to items such as research motivation, research innovation, research budget increase, authority reduction on various university departments, internet bandwidth increase and laboratory facilities increase.
Ubiquitous interaction for ESP distance and blended learners
Authors: García-Sánchez Soraya 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse some effective e-tools and interactive tasks to enhance language acquisition and competence building in today’s English for specific purposes (ESP) students in higher education programmes.

Design/methodology/approach
There are countless learning methods, often supported by the access of ubiquitous learning materials, which improve students’ engagement, group interaction and independent learning skills in foreign language learners. More frequently, students become successful, independent and cooperative creative learners by means of participating in multimodal virtual learning platforms that would help them to improve a variety of competences. This study is based on English applied to social work, a compulsory subject offered either in a blended (b-learning) or a distance (d-learning) learning environment as part of the degree in social work. It combines its correspondent course book with digital content and multimedia tasks.

Findings
Results suggest that a ubiquitous practice for ESP b/d learners can be innovative and successfully competence-addressed when implementing interactive learning tasks that can combine individual and group work inside and outside the classroom hours.

Originality/value
The challenge of this research is to integrate a ubiquitous learning approach so that students would interact more and, consequently, enhance their communicative language skills, both in b-learning and d-learning environments.
Organising undergraduate research projects: student-led and academic-led models
Authors: Knight Rachael-Anne , Botting Nicola 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address the management of undergraduate final year research dissertations. It intends to explain and clarify the experience of two models of delivery (student-led/academic-led) with reference to interest development theory (Hidi and Renninger, 2006).

Design/methodology/approach
The authors focus on the advantages and drawbacks of each model within the context of the research literature, and describe a case study of the experiences of lecturers and students in one division of a metropolitan UK university, running a leading programme in speech and language therapy (pathology). Recommendations are made which are intended to be of use to colleagues across disciplines and organisations.

Findings
The authors argue that a delivery where students can choose their research topic from a limited set suggested by supervisors (academic-led model) is best placed to meet motivational challenges in Hidi and Renninger’s framework, and also increase feasibility for staff. The authors discuss how such a model might best be implemented.

Originality/value
Describing case study experiences within a conceptual framework is important for the development of improved supervision methods. It is hoped that this case study paper will inform other institutions by providing clear theoretical underpinnings and practical recommendations; and that it will lead to further empirical research into models of organising final year dissertations.
Motivation of teachers in higher education
Authors: Rao Madasu Bhaskara 
Published: September 2016

PurposeMotivation is the process that accounts for an individual’s intensity, direction and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal (Robbins and Judge, 2008). Teacher motivation is vital to the growing and evolving field of higher education, yet it is not investigated enough. Need for rapid growth of higher education, issues in compensation, developments in information technology and dearth for teaching and technical skills brought teacher motivation to the center stage. The purpose of this paper is to apply McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y to study teacher motivation in higher education.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical study was conducted through survey method. A questionnaire was designed to elicit responses from randomly selected respondents.FindingsTeachers in higher education were classified under Theory X and Theory Y styles. The relationship between teaching style and specific motivators in the class and on the job, preferred teaching methods and classroom management techniques were investigated.Research limitations/implicationsApplication of McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y to understand teacher motivation in higher education provided interesting and new insights.Social implicationsThis study would have implications for teacher-student fit and institution-teacher fit in learning environments.Originality/valueThe nature of a teacher’s way-of-being matters to his/her motivation and performance in classroom. Implications exist for teacher recruitment and teacher training programs in relation to the profile of students and identifying and implementing right methodologies for classroom performance. This study has andragogical implications for classroom teaching, relationship with students and parents and interpersonal relationships among peers and education administrators.
An unexplored pathway for degradation of cholate requires a 7α‐hydroxysteroid dehydratase and contributes to a broad metabolic repertoire for the utilization of bile salts in Novosphingobium sp. strain Chol11
Authors: Yücel Onur , Drees Steffen , Jagmann Nina , Patschkowski Thomas , Philipp Bodo 
Published: September 2016

SummaryBile salts such as cholate are surface‐active steroid compounds with functions for digestion and signaling in vertebrates. Upon excretion into soil and water bile salts are an electron‐ and carbon‐rich growth substrate for environmental bacteria. Degradation of bile salts proceeds via intermediates with a 3‐keto‐Δ1,4‐diene structure of the steroid skeleton as shown for e.g. Pseudomonas spp. Recently, we isolated bacteria degrading cholate via intermediates with a 3‐keto‐7‐deoxy‐Δ4,6‐structure of the steroid skeleton suggesting the existence of a second pathway for cholate degradation. This potential new pathway was investigated with Novosphingobium sp. strain Chol11. A 7α‐hydroxysteroid dehydratase encoded by hsh2 was identified, which was required for the formation of 3‐keto‐7‐deoxy‐Δ4,6‐metabolites. A hsh2 deletion mutant could still grow with cholate but showed impaired growth. Cholate degradation of this mutant proceeded via 3‐keto‐Δ1,4‐diene metabolites. Heterologous expression of Hsh2 in the bile salt‐degrading Pseudomonas sp. strain Chol1 led to the formation of a dead‐end steroid with a 3‐keto‐7‐deoxy‐Δ4,6‐diene structure. Hsh2 is the first steroid dehydratase with an important function in a metabolic pathway of bacteria that use bile salts as growth substrates. This pathway contributes to a broad metabolic repertoire of Novosphingobium strain Chol11 that may be advantageous in competition with other bile salt‐degrading bacteria.
Statistical Quantification of Individual Differences (SQuID): an educational and statistical tool for understanding multilevel phenotypic data in linear mixed models
Authors: Allegue Hassen , Araya‐Ajoy Yimen G. , Dingemanse Niels J. , Dochtermann Ned A. , Garamszegi László Z. , Nakagawa Shinichi , Réale Denis , Schielzeth Holger , Westneat David F. 
Published: September 2016

Summary

Phenotypic variation exists in and at all levels of biological organization: variation exists among species, among‐individuals within‐populations, and in the case of l within‐populations abile traits, within‐individuals. Mixed‐effects models represent ideal tools to quantify multilevel measurements of traits and are being increasingly used in evolutionary ecology.

Mixed‐effects models are relatively complex, and two main issues may be hampering their proper usage: (i) the relatively few educational resources available to teach new users how to implement and interpret them and (ii) the lack of tools to ensure that the statistical parameters of interest are correctly estimated.

In this paper, we introduce Statistical Quantification of Individual Differences (SQuID), a simulation‐based tool that can be used for research and educational purposes. SQuID creates a virtual world inhabited by subjects whose phenotypes are generated by a user‐defined phenotypic equation, which allows easy translation of biological hypotheses into quantifiable parameters.

Statistical Quantification of Individual Differences currently models normally distributed traits with linear predictors, but SQuID is subject to further development and will adapt to handle more complex scenarios in the future. The current framework is suitable for performing simulation studies, determining optimal sampling designs for user‐specific biological problems and making simulation‐based inferences to aid in the interpretation of empirical studies.

Statistical Quantification of Individual Differences is also a teaching tool for biologists interested in learning, or teaching others, how to implement and interpret linear mixed‐effects models when studying the processes causing phenotypic variation. Interface‐based modules allow users to learn about these issues. As research on effects of sampling designs continues, new issues will be implemented in new modules, including nonlinear and non‐Gaussian data.