bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey of IT early warning systems: architectures, challenges, and solutions
Authors: Ramaki Ali Ahmadian , Atani Reza Ebrahimi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWith the advent of new technologies and various services provided in the context of computer networks, a large volume of data is being generated. The main challenge in this area is providing network protection services against various threats and vulnerabilities. So far, many techniques have been proposed to deal with these threats. All of these techniques pursue the same goal, preventing attackers from reaching their objectives. A solution based on early warning system(s) (EWSs) is what exactly security teams need to manage the threats properly. EWS, as a complement to Intrusion Detection System, is a proactive approach against security threats. This is carried out through the early detection of potential behavior of a system, evaluating the scope of malicious behavior, and finally, using suitable response against any kind of detectable security event. This paper presents a comprehensive review on EWSs including definitions, applications, architectures, alert correlation aspects, and other technical requirements. Furthermore, previous studies and existing EWSs have been described and analyzed here. A classification of EWSs has been presented: commercial systems and systems under research and development. Finally, from the studies about EWSs, we conclude some challenges and research issues are still remain open. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A statistical model for DPA when algorithmic noise is dependent on target
Authors: Qiu Shuang , Zhang Rui , Cao Yuchen , Yang Wei , Zhou Yongbin , Ding Tian 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn side‐channel attacks, information about any intermediate data except the target data will be considered as noise, namely, the “algorithmic noise.” Algorithmic noise is always assumed to be independent of the target data. As a result, it is thought to be an equivalence of physical noise. Numerous investigations are built on this intuitive assumption. In this paper, we claim that this assumption is not always true and find the algorithm (e.g., SIMON) for which the algorithmic noise is dependent on the target data. On this condition, we reconsider the issue of success rate estimation and build a modified statistical model to accurately estimate the success rate when the algorithmic noise is dependent on the target data. Finally, experimental results for SIMON algorithm validate the soundness of our methodology. It is also worth mentioning that SIMON is a candidate proposed by the National Security Agency as the standard light‐weight block cipher. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Threshold attribute‐based signcryption and its application to authenticated key agreement
Authors: Zheng Haibin , Qin Jing , Hu Jiankun , Wu Qianhong 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSigncryption is a public key cryptosystem that achieves the functions of digital signature and public key encryption simultaneously. It significantly reduces the cost of traditional signature‐then‐encryption approach. Although a large body of signcryption schemes have been proposed, few works have been done on attribute‐based signcryption (ABSC), which simultaneously achieves the functionalities of attribute‐based encryption and attribute‐based signature, two important cryptographic primitives proposed to enforce fine‐grained access control and user authentication in cloud computing applications. In this paper, we present a threshold ABSC scheme. The scheme is proven secure under the well‐established Decisional Bilinear Diffie–Hellman and the standard Computational Diffie–Hellman assumptions in the standard model. Compared with the state of the ABSC art, our scheme has comparable efficiency without relying on any random oracle. Furthermore, we construct an authenticated key agreement protocol based on this threshold attribute‐based signcryption from the point of improving the security of cloud computing. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Portrait of a Research Pioneer: Andrew Van de Ven
Authors: Zahra Shaker A. 
Published: October 2016

Research SummaryThis article reviews the contributions of Andrew Van de Ven, a pioneer in the study of innovation, entrepreneurship, and corporate venturing. It articulates key themes in and findings from his research as well as the methodological and theoretical advances that he has introduced, shaping the development of the field. Embracing a broad view of entrepreneurship, his research has also fundamentally altered our understanding of the nature and processes of innovation and its implications for organizational learning, new business creation, and improved competitiveness. Van de Ven's fieldwork and engaged scholarship have made his findings powerful, rigorous, and relevant. The article also highlights the implications of Van de Ven's body of work for future research.Managerial SummaryProfessor Andrew Van de Ven is a true pioneer in the processes involved in the conception, introduction, evaluation, adoption, and institutionalization of innovations in established companies. His seminal work highlights key challenges managers encounter in each of these stages, offering rich insights into the causes and consequences of these issues while suggesting important solutions to them. Van de Ven's work has also advanced novel ways of studying and tracking innovations over time. It has also explored the close link between innovation and corporate venturing activities, which are vital to organizational renewal and growth. Van de Ven's findings about the dynamics of organizational change and learning have altered our notions of organizational evolution and transformation. Copyright © 2016 Strategic Management Society.
A Surface Nanocavity Structure of Bisphenol P on TiO2 Showing Interfacial Charge‐Transfer Absorption
Authors: Fujisawa Jun‐ichi , Matsumura Shingo , Hanaya Minoru 
Published: October 2016

AbstractNanocavity structures provide important functions of ion or molecular inclusions for chemical sensing, molecular recognition, and selective chemical extraction. Architecture of surface nanocavity structures of organic compounds on inorganic semiconductor surfaces is an interesting subject for exploring novel functional nanostructures. In this communication, we demonstrate the formation of a surface nanocavity structure of bisphenol P on a wide‐band‐gap semiconductor titanium dioxide (TiO2). The coordination of the two phenol moieties in bisphenol P with surfaces Ti atoms on TiO2 leads to the formation of the organic‐semiconductor nanocavity structure. In addition, the nanocavity structure shows interfacial charge‐transfer (ICT) transitions in the visible region. The ICT transitions change the electric‐field distribution inside the nanocavity, suggesting the possibility of optically responsive inclusion functions. Our work reveals a way toward a novel type of functional nanocavity structures.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Dipeptidyl Peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) Inhibitor, (R)‐Sitagliptin
Authors: Anjibabu Ramisetti , Boggu Jagan Mohan Reddy , Shekhar Putta , Reddy Basi V. Subba 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAn operationally simple and efficient strategy for a highly potent Dipeptidyl Peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitor, sitagliptin has been developed employing readily available precursors. The chiral β‐amino acid core of sitagliptin has been constructed through a Barbier type allylation of chiral sulfinyl imine or a Mannich type addition of diethyl malonate. This approach is more convenient, exquisitely selective and practical.
New Dicarboxylic Acid Anhydride for Ambient‐Temperature Castagnoli‐Cushman Reactions
Authors: Chizhova Maria , Bakulina Olga , Dar'in Dmitry , Krasavin Mikhail 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA novel 3‐phenyl‐4‐thiaglutaric anhydride was employed as a highly reactive partner for the Castagnoli‐Cushman reaction. This, in combination with the use of DMF as a reaction medium, resulted in a drastic lowering of the reaction temperature to ambient (compared to the 110–150 °C range typical for similar processes involving glutaric anhydride) and an extended reaction scope (with respect to substitution pattern in the imine component). Diastereomeric products were separated, in the form of respective methyl esters, and their comparative NMR characterization led to preliminary generalizations regarding the syn‐ and anti‐series.
Dynamic Fluctuation in Heat Treatment Time Dependence of Activity and Reaction Kinetics of Active Centers in Fe/N/C Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst
Authors: Tei Go , Kamai Ryo , Sakai Akihiro , Yotsuhashi Satoshi , Hayashi Takao , Aizawa Masato 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe elucidate dynamic fluctuation of activity characterized by the existence of multiple local maxima or a significant inflection point in the growth rate of an Fe/N/C oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst, with this fluctuation depending on the heat treatment (HT) time used in the catalyst's preparation. Since its HT time increased from 45 seconds to 10 hours at 750 °C HT, its activity exhibited a dynamic fluctuation and multiple local maxima, which are separated into two different timescales: several minutes and several hours. At 600 °C HT, a significant inflection point appears around several tens of minutes instead of the multiple local maxima. These results contrast with the conventional idea of how activity depends on heat treatment time, i. e. an initial monotonic increase and then a plateau or monotonic decrease. It suggests that the best HT condition cannot be found by only investigating a narrow range of HT time or a course plot of HT time dependence of activity in general. Based on a simple reaction model, the origin of the dynamic fluctuation of activity depending on HT time is explained by the existence of multiple types of Fe−N active centers with individual formation and decomposition rate constants during HT. These results will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of how a Metal/N/C catalyst achieves its ORR activity through HT, which is essential for designing yet higher‐performance catalysts from the viewpoint of the number of constitutive active centers.
Multilayer Germanenes Formed in Zintl‐Phase CaGe2 by Fluoride Diffusion
Authors: Yaokawa Ritsuko , Ohsuna Tetsu , Hayasaka Yuichiro , Nakano Hideyuki 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWhen reacted with ionic liquid [BMIM][BF4], Ge monolayer networks (germanene) in Zintl‐phase CaGe2 crystals transform into multilayer (bi‐ or tri‐layer) germanenes in CaGe2FX (0 ≤ X ≤ 1.8) compounds. The structures of these germanenes are discussed with the aid of high‐angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF‐STEM) images. One of the bilayer germanenes is a new allotrope comprising four‐, five‐, and six‐membered Ge rings, which is of the same structure as previously reported bilayer silicene. The newly obtained structures of trilayer germanene are not of the cubic diamond type; however, they are described with combinations of hexagonal stacking, similar to the high‐pressure bulk phases. Their differences, as compared with multilayer silicene, suggest that the structures of multilayer germanene and silicene depend on the misfit between the layers of CaF2 and Ge (Si). We anticipate that these results will contribute to the design of materials with attractive properties using tetrahedral coordination and/or by controlling the segregation and reconstruction of group‐IV elements.
Transcriptome analysis of zebrafish embryos exposed to deltamethrin
Authors: Chueh Tsung‐Cheng , Hsu Li‐Sung , Kao Chin‐Ming , Hsu Tung‐Wei , Liao Hung‐Yu , Wang Kuan‐Yi , Chen Ssu Ching 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTDeltamethrin (DTM), a type II pyrethroid, is one of the most commonly used insecticides. The increased use of pyrethroid leads to potential adverse effects, particularly in sensitive populations such as children and pregnant women. None of the related studies was focused on the transcriptome responses in zebrafish embryos after treatment with DTM; therefore, RNA‐seq, a high‐throughput method, was performed to analyze the global expression of differential expressed genes (DEGs) in zebrafish embryos treated with DTM (40 and 80 μg/L) from fertilization to 48 h postfertilization (hpf) as compared with that in the control group (without DTM treatment). Two cDNA libraries were generated from treated embryos and one cDNA library from nontreated embryos, respectively. Over 92% of reads mapped to the reference in these three libraries. It was observed that many differential genes were expressed in comparison with embryos before and after DTM. The 20 most differentially expressed upregulated or downregulated genes were majorly involved in the signaling transduction. Validation of selected nine genes expression using qRT‐PCR confirmed RNA‐seq results. The transcriptome sequences were further subjected to gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, showing G‐protein‐coupled receptor signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, respectively, were most enriched. The data from this study contributed to a better understanding of the potential consequences of fish exposed to DTM, to an evaluation of the potential threat of DTM to fish populations in aquatic environments. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1548–1557, 2017.
Emergency Abdominal Surgery in the Elderly: Can We Predict Mortality?
Authors: Sharrock Anna E. , McLachlan Jenny , Chambers Robert , Bailey Ian S. , Kirkby‐Bott James 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe United Kingdom population is ageing. Half of patients requiring an emergency laparotomy are aged over 70, 20 % die within 30 days, and less than half receive good care. Frailty and delay in management are associated with poor surgical outcomes. P‐POSSUM risk scoring is widely accepted, but its validity in patients aged over 70 undergoing emergency laparotomy is unclear. Aims: To assess if P‐POSSUM risk stratification reliably predicts inpatient mortality in this group and establish whether those who died within 30 days received delayed care.MethodsObservational study of consecutive patients aged 70 and over fulfilling the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit criteria from a tertiary hospital. The predictive value of pre‐operative P‐POSSUM, ASA, lactate and other routine variables was assessed. Surgical review, decision to operate, consultant surgical review, antibiotic prescription, laparotomy and discharge or death time points were assessed by 30‐day survival.ResultsOne hundred and ninety‐three patients were included. This represented 46.28 % of those undergoing an emergency laparotomy in our centre. Pre‐operative P‐POSSUM scoring, ASA grade and lactate were moderate predictors of mortality (AUC 0.784 and 0.771, respectively, lactate AUC 0.705, all p ≤ 0.001). No correlation existed between pre‐operative P‐POSSUM and days to death (p = 0.209), nor were there delays in key management timings in those who died in 30 days.ConclusionsP‐POSSUM scoring may predict inpatient mortality with moderate discrimination. Addition of frailty scoring in this high‐risk group might better identify those with a high risk of mortality after emergency laparotomy and would be a fertile area for further research.
Relationship Transitions and the Risk for Child Maltreatment
Authors: Schneider William 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFamily structure as a risk for child maltreatment has long been viewed as a static state in the child maltreatment literature. Drawing on data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, the author uses a series of individual fixed-effects models to investigate whether particular types of relationship transitions over children’s first decade of life are associated with increased risk for maternal and paternal child abuse and maternal neglect. Findings question and confirm a number of long-standing theoretical and empirical findings from the child maltreatment literature. Results indicate that transitions to being single are associated with increased risk for maternal child abuse and neglect. In addition, the frequency and severity of paternal harsh parenting may be closely linked with the nature of fathers’ relationship transitions. Last, results largely do not provide support for the theory that the presence of social (nonbiological) fathers increases mothers’ risk for engaging in child abuse or neglect.
Fifty Shades of Stigma: Exploring the Health Care Experiences of Kink-Oriented Patients
Authors: Waldura Jessica F. , Arora Ishika , Randall Anna M. , Farala John Paul , Sprott Richard A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe term kink describes sexual behaviors and identities encompassing bondage, discipline, domination and submission, and sadism and masochism (collectively known as BDSM) and sexual fetishism. Individuals who engage in kink could be at risk for health complications because of their sexual behaviors, and they could be vulnerable to stigma in the health care setting. However, although previous research has addressed experiences in mental health care, very little research has detailed the medical care experiences of kink-oriented patients.AimTo broadly explore the health care experiences of kink-oriented patients using a community-engaged research approach.MethodsAs part of the Kink Health Project, we gathered qualitative data from 115 kink-oriented San Francisco area residents using focus groups and interviews. Interview questions were generated in collaboration with a community advisory board. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.Main Outcome MeasuresThemes relating to kink-oriented patients' experience with health and healthcare.ResultsMajor themes included (i) kink and physical health, (ii) sociocultural aspects of kink orientation, (iii) the role of stigma in shaping health care interactions, (iv) coming out to health care providers, and (v) working toward a vision of kink-aware medical care. The study found that kink-oriented patients have genuine health care needs relating to their kink behaviors and social context. Most patients would prefer to be out to their health care providers so they can receive individualized care. However, fewer than half were out to their current provider, with anticipated stigma being the most common reason for avoiding disclosure. Patients are often concerned that clinicians will confuse their behaviors with intimate partner violence and they emphasized the consensual nature of their kink interactions.ConclusionLike other sexual minorities, kink-oriented patients have a desire to engage with their health care providers in meaningful discussions about their health risks, their identities, and their communities without fear of being judged. Additional research is needed to explore the experiences of kink-oriented patients in other areas of the country and internationally.
Poor performance of fine motor activity among biological parents of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Hung Ni Chun , Lin Shih‐Hsien , Chi Mei Hung , Lin Chien‐Ho , Chen Po See , Lee I Hui , Chen Kao Chin , Yang Yen Kuang 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIt has been proposed that the dopaminergic system and heritability may play roles in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We assessed the performance of healthy parents of children with ADHD in the finger tapping test (FTT) in this study, which is a reliable test and sensitive to central dopamine activity. A total of 16 parents of children with ADHD and 32 controls were enrolled. The FTT was conducted. The 16 healthy parents of children with ADHD exhibited a significantly poorer performance in the FTT, using the nondominant hand, than the 32 healthy controls. This finding indicated that poor motor function could be a potential characteristic in parents of offspring with ADHD.
No es aceptación, es sembrar la semilla para entender mejor una tensión educativa. Réplica
Authors: Varela Ruiz Margarita 
Published: October 2016

En respuesta a la carta de los académicos John Vergel, Martha Ortiz, Diana Laverde y Gustavo Quintero del artículo «Autenticidad y calidad en la investigación educativa cualitativa: multivocalidad», recientemente publicado, en primer lugar queremos agradecer los comentarios, y el interés por intercambiar experiencias y puntualizar conceptos de investigación cualitativa en educación en ciencias de la salud.
Observational Signatures of High-Redshift Quasars and Local Relics of Black Hole Seeds
Authors: Reines Amy E. , Comastri Andrea 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObservational constraints on the birth and early evolution of massive black holes come from two extreme regimes. At high redshift, quasars signal the rapid growth of billion-solar-mass black holes and indicate that these objects began remarkably heavy and/or accreted mass at rates above the Eddington limit. At low redshift, the smallest nuclear black holes known are found in dwarf galaxies and provide the most concrete limits on the mass of black hole seeds. Here, we review current observational work in these fields that together are critical for our understanding of the origin of massive black holes in the Universe.
Multiplicity of Multi-Bump Type Nodal Solutions for A Class of Elliptic Problems with Exponential Critical Growth in ℝ2
Authors: Alves Claudianor O. , Pereira Denilson S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this paper we establish the existence and multiplicity of multi-bump nodal solutions for the class of problemswhereλ ∈(0, ∞),fis a continuous function with exponential critical growth andV: ℝ2→ℝ is a continuous function verifying some hypotheses.
BRITAIN, THE TWO WORLD WARS, AND THE PROBLEM OF NARRATIVE
Authors: REYNOLDS DAVID 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe concept of coming to terms with the past originated in post-1945 West Germany but such historical therapy is evident in all the belligerent countries. In that process, the two world wars are intricately connected, each seen refractively through the prism of the other. This article focuses on Britain whose national obsession with the two world wars is particularly acute. The first and second sections suggest that British public discourse has been able to construct a satisfying narrative of 1939–45 but not of 1914–18, meaning a narrative that has both a clear beginning, middle, and end and also a stark moral meaning. Viable narratives draw on the events themselves, the words used to conceptualize them, and the interpretations of 'instant' histories and memoirs. The third section argues that the elevation of 1939–45 in national discourse as our ‘finest hour’ (Churchill) has aggravated the problematic nature of 1914–18 for the British. In the wake of Brexit, the last section argues that Britain – unlike France and Germany – has found it difficult to move on from the era of the two world wars by locating these conflicts in a more positive narrative of the twentieth century as the eventual triumph of European integration.