bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Condition states in anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) revealed by energy and proximate composition relationships
Authors: Favreau Aurélien , Doray Mathieu , Spitz Jérôme , Le Mestre Sophie , Huret Martin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEnergy content has long been proposed as a fundamental, integrated, and reliable indicator of the condition of individuals as it reflects past bioenergetics and influences future life‐history traits. There is a direct biochemical link between energy density and body composition described by four main compounds in fish (protein, lipid, ash, and water), with proteins and lipids being the sources of energy. If relationships between water content, or lipid content, and energy density have been well described in relative terms, the absolute mass variations in the proximate composition have been overlooked and thus their interpretation is often equivocal. In our study, based on a large and unique dataset on the proximate composition and energy density of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) from sampling in the Bay of Biscay and the English Channel, we aimed to better explain the patterns between water content and other proximate components or energy density, based on the dynamics of proteins, lipids, and water absolute masses. For the first time, we defined good, intermediate, and poor condition states in wild fish, based on water content, corresponding to the different dynamics of lipids and proteins in the metabolism of individuals. Anchovy and sardine exhibited remarkably similar patterns of variation in the compounds and in the limits between the condition states with respect to water content. Those patterns revealed that water mass remained constant for a given fish size whatever its condition state, and that variability in water content only resulted from the variation in lipid and protein masses. Furthermore, the differential dynamics of proteins and lipids, with only lipids mobilized in the good condition state, only proteins in the poor condition state, and both proteins and lipids in the intermediate condition state, elucidates the nonlinear pattern observed in the relationship between energy density and water content. Overall, our results highlight the importance of monitoring the intraspecific variations in water content to predict the proximate composition and energy content in small pelagic fish and better assess individual and population conditions in changing ecosystems as well as to better parameterize bioenergetic models.
Functional diversity explores the maintenance mechanism and driving factors of the invasion equilibrium state of the icefish (Neosalanx taihuensis Chen) in Lake Fuxian, China
Authors: Ge You , Gu Xiaohong , Zeng Qingfei , Mao Zhigang , Chen Huihui , Yang Huiting , Luo Wenlei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBiodiversity loss caused by biological invasions is an ecological problem on a global scale, and understanding the mechanism of biological invasion is the basis for managing non‐native species. The biotic resistance hypothesis proposes that species‐rich native communities are less susceptible to invasion because of the limited resources available to non‐native species, therefore comparing the resource utilization patterns of different communities can reveal the invasion mechanisms of specific non‐native species at the community level. We selected Lake Taihu, where icefish (Neosalanx taihuensis Chen) originated, and Lake Fuxian, where icefish invaded, as the research objects. We calculated the fish functional diversity indexes, including functional richness (FRic), functional evenness (FEve), and functional divergence (FDiv), to reflect differences in ecological niche and resource utilization based on four quarterly fish survey data from two lakes. The random forests model explored the relationship between functional diversity indexes and biotic and environmental variables. Our results showed that more diverse resource utilization (high FRic), more niche space (low FEve), and less competitive pressure (high FDiv) in Lake Fuxian were identified as the critical important factors for maintaining the current equilibrium state after successful invasion of icefish. The bottom‐up effects mainly affected the functional diversity indexes in Lake Fuxian. They differed from those in Lake Taihu and were primarily influenced by top‐down effects. Enhancing the top‐down effects in Lake Fuxian and limiting the zooplankton available to icefish are critical to controlling the invasion of icefish. This study offers a new perspective for studying the non‐native fish invasion mechanism, and provides scientific guidance for managing non‐native fish in Lake Fuxian.
Comparative behavioral responses of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), and silver carp (H. molitrix) to free amino acids in water
Authors: Wildhaber Mark L. , Beaman Zachary D. , Ditter Karlie K. , West Benjamin M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractControl and elimination of invasive fishes, like carps (Order Cypriniformes), may be possible by using chemical stimuli to congregate them for removal. To this end, we tested behavioral responses of grass (Ctenopharyngodon idella), bighead (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), and silver carp (H. molitrix) to L‐alanine, L‐arginine, L‐glutamic acid, and L‐aspartic acid. In grass carp, the first three amino acids have been shown to be beneficial for growth, and all four produce a strong olfactory response in this species. This study used pairs of conspecific fish in a video‐recorded, sound‐insulated, clear acrylic, tube‐shaped tank; during trials, an amino acid stimulus was delivered at one end of that tank. Changes in space use, velocity, and acceleration across all amino acids differed significantly among species. Changes in space use by grass carp indicated avoidance of only two amino acids, L‐alanine and L‐aspartic acid. There was no evidence for attraction to amino acids for grass or silver carp. For bighead carp, change in spatial use on exposure to amino acids indicated attraction across the four amino acids. This attraction was enhanced by lowered velocity. Our results suggested that olfactory sensitivity does not directly translate to behavioral responses. Other sensory cues, for example tactile, visual, and/or taste, may mediate the selective foraging of grass carp. Amino acids may serve as a better olfactory attractant for bighead carp compared to grass or silver carp.
Comparative effect of traditional and collaborative watershed management approaches on flood components
Authors: Nasiri Khiavi Ali , Vafakhah Mehdi , Sadeghi Seyed Hamidreza , Jun Changhyun , Bateni Sayed M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIdentifying the critical areas of flood generation and determining the optimal measures for flood control and management (FCM) is one of the most important basics of watershed management. Therefore, the current study was carried out to prioritize sub‐watersheds (SWs) based on flood generation using physical (Ph‐MA), technical (Te‐MA), comanagerial (Com‐MA), and conjunct management approaches (Con‐MA), as well as determining the quantitative effects of the proposed FCM measures in the Cheshmeh‐Kileh Watershed, Iran. To prioritize SWs based on flood generation, geo‐environmental criteria were used in Ph‐MA, HEC‐HMS software was used in Te‐MA, and semi‐structured interviews with local stakeholders were used in Com‐MA. Finally, using the Condorcet algorithm based on game theory, SWs were prioritized in each approach. In the semi‐structured interviews, stakeholders were asked to provide suggested measures for FCM. Finally, the effect of each measure on the flood components was quantified. Based on the results, the measure of 10% improvement of forest cover in the entire watershed from the category of Con‐MA was selected as the optimal measure. In the return periods of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 years, the effectiveness of this measure was 80.08%, 70.09%, 58.10%, 55.67%, 50.58%, and 43.62%, respectively. The influence of Con‐MA based on non‐structural and structural measures on reducing the components of peak flow and flood volume was more than other approaches. In general, it can be concluded that non‐structural measures have more effect than structural measures in FCM in the study watershed. The methods and approaches used in this study can be directly used by local executive managers, decision‐makers, and policymakers of watershed management and flood management activities.
Exploring the Association Between Oral Health Literacy and Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life Among Young Women in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Alzeer Muneera Essa , AlJameel AlBandary Hassan , Øzhayat Esben Boeskov 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesOne approach for improving oral health is focusing on oral health literacy (OHL). In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between OHL and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) and to identify relevant OHL intervention targets that can be used to improve oral health.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional questionnaire study among 1889 10th grade female students in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). We then assessed OHL using the Arabic version of the short version of the Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (A‐HeLD‐14). OHRQoL was assessed using the 14‐item oral health impact profile (OHIP‐14). Information on socio‐demographics and oral health‐related behaviours (e.g., toothbrushing, sugary diet consumption and dental attendance) was also collected. The relationship between OHL and OHRQoL was investigated using binary logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic information and oral health‐related behaviours.ResultsIn both the adjusted and unadjusted models, poor OHL was significantly associated with OHRQoL problems (odds ration [OR] = 2.90, p < 0.001). Having any OHL problem was significantly associated with having an OHRQoL problem (p < 0.001). The ORs were highest for the domains of financial barriers (OR = 2.49, p < 0.001) and receptivity (OR = 2.16, p < 0.001).ConclusionInterventions targeted at individuals with low OHL are crucial to improving OHRQoL in the population. The most relevant interventions concern (a) dedicating time and attention to oral health and (b) financial barriers.
Occurrence, Complete Genome Sequencing, and Development of Diagnostics for Black Pepper Virus F Infecting Black Pepper in India
Authors: Malavika P. , Greeshma M. , Bhat A. I. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of black pepper virus F (BPVF) was identified for the first time from India, and its complete genome sequence was determined using overlapping fragments obtained through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The RNA 1 and RNA 2 of the Indian isolate of BPVF (BPVF‐IND) contained 6376 and 3340 nucleotides potentially coding for proteins of 230.7 kDa and 114 kDa respectively. Comparison of the RNA 1 sequence of BPVF‐IND with that of BPVF from Brazil (BPVF‐ BR‐PA) and China (BPVF‐ ZYP‐1) revealed an identity of 95% and 90%, respectively, while RNA 2 showed an identity of 96% and 90%. The phylogenetic analysis of the Pro‐Pol region of RNA 1 and coat protein region of RNA 2 revealed close clustering of all three BPVF isolates well separated from other species of the genus, Fabavirus. Diagnostics assays based on the RT‐PCR and RT‐recombinase polymerase amplification (RT‐RPA) were developed for the sensitive detection of the virus that will help in the identification and propagation of virus‐free black pepper plants.
Dorsomedian nasopharyngeal masses with benign appearance in dogs: A retrospective medical review of 95 cases among 198 dogs (2019‐2022)
Authors: Petitpre Arthur , Deprez Pauline , Cervone Mario , Magnin Mathieu , Lamoureux Anaïs 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundDorsomedian nasopharyngeal masses with benign macroscopic appearance are frequently observed during retrograde nasopharyngoscopy, particularly in brachycephalic breeds, but are not well described.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo characterize these masses, assess their frequency, and identify the potential factors associated with their presence.AnimalsDogs that underwent retrograde nasopharyngoscopy at a private hospital.MethodsMedical records between November 2019 and October 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Dogs were included if suitable nasopharynx images were available for review. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with these masses.ResultsOne‐hundred ninety‐eight dogs met the inclusion criteria of which 47.9% (95/198) had a dorsal nasopharyngeal mass. The masses measured <10%, 10%‐30%, and >30% of the nasopharyngeal height in 64.2% (61/95), 28.4% (27/95), and 7.4% (7/95) of cases, respectively. Univariable analysis identified associations between the presence of a nasopharyngeal mass and several factors: brachycephalic conformation (P < .001), sleep disturbances (P = .04), presence of laryngeal collapse (P = .01), and aberrant caudal turbinates (P = .04). However, according to the multivariable analysis, only the association between the presence of a mass and brachycephalic conformation was significant (odds ratio = 2.3 [1.1; 5.0], P = .03).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceDorsomedian nasopharyngeal masses were common in the studied dog population. These masses are mostly small and have the same appearance across breeds. Brachycephalic conformation appears to be associated with the presence of a mass.
Piercing the Mystery: Predator Identification Using the Perforated Tests of the Sea Urchin Brissus unicolor (Leske, 1778)
Authors: Rufino‐Navarro Andrés , Alfonso Beatriz , Nebelsick James H. , Hernández José Carlos 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDrilling predation on echinoids (sea urchins) has been known to occur in marine ecosystems since the Jurassic Period; however, it has rarely been studied in existing species. Tests of the irregular sea urchin Brissus unicolor (Leske, 1778), which frequently occurs in shallow substrates of the Canary Islands, mostly show very evident perforations through their skeletons. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of these perforations in order to determine their possible origins as well as document their size, site selectivity, and frequency of occurrence among different sample sites. Of the 104 tests of B. unicolor that were collected from 15 locations off the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain), 94% showed a least one perforation. These boreholes exhibit a circular morphology, penetrating the sea urchin tests perpendicularly and entirely. Notably, they display a unique acid signature, diverging from those documented in the fossil record and other relevant studies. Our analysis showed size and site selectivity by the predator as the perforations were mainly located on the oral side of the test. The perforations are attributed to drilling predation. The characteristics of these boreholes on B. unicolor match published records of predation marks suggesting that they are produced by the predatory gastropod family Cassidae, with Semicassis undulata (Gmelin, 1791) considered to be the most probable predator.
The poplar SWEET1c glucose transporter plays a key role in the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis
Authors: Li Rui , Shi Wensheng , Zhang Pan , Ma Jianan , Zou Rong , Zhang Xinyin , Kohler Annegret , Martin Francis M. , Zhang Feng 
Published: October 2024

Summary
The mutualistic interaction between ectomycorrhizal fungi and trees is characterized by the coordinated exchange of soil nutrients with soluble sugars. Despite the importance of this process, the precise mechanism by which sugars are transported from host roots to colonizing hyphae remains unclear.
This study aimed to identify the specific membrane transporters responsible for the unloading of sugars at the symbiotic interface, with a focus on the role of the root Sugars Will Eventually Be Exported Transporter (SWEET) uniporters.
Our study used RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR to identify PtaSWEET gene expression in Populus tremula × alba–Laccaria bicolor ectomycorrhizal root tips. Our results suggest that symbiosis‐induced PtaSWEET1c is primarily responsible for transporting glucose and sucrose, as demonstrated by the yeast assays. Moreover, we used a promoter‐YFP reporter to confirm the localization of the PtaSWEET1c expression in cortical cells of ectomycorrhizal rootlets, supporting its major role in supplying glucose at the symbiotic interface. Furthermore, our observations confirmed the localization of PtaSWEET1c‐GFP in the plasma membrane. The inactivation of PtaSWEET1c reduced ectomycorrhizal root formation and 13C translocation to ectomycorrhizal roots.
Our findings highlight the crucial role of PtaSWEET1c in facilitating glucose and sucrose transport at the symbiotic interface of Populus–L. bicolor symbiosis.
Preferences in treating polyomavirus infection in kidney transplant recipients: A discrete choice experiment with patients, caregivers, and clinicians
Authors: Chong Chanel H. , Wong Germaine , Au Eric H. , Scholes‐Robertson Nicole , Muthuramalingam Shyamsundar , Roger Simon D. , Keung Karen , Jaure Allison , Teixeira‐Pinto Armando , Howell Martin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundTreatment strategies for BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection in kidney transplant recipients are heterogeneous among clinicians. We aimed to identify the treatment preferences of key stakeholders for BKPyV infection and measure the trade‐offs between treatment outcomes.MethodsAdult kidney transplant recipients, caregivers, and clinicians were eligible to participate in a discrete choice experiment between February 2021 and June 2022. The five treatment‐related attributes were achieving viral clearance and optimal graft function, as well as reducing the risk of graft loss, acute rejection, and complications. Results were analyzed using multinomial logistic models.ResultsIn total, 109 participants (57 kidney transplant recipients, 10 caregivers, and 42 health professionals) were included. The most important attribute was the risk of graft loss, followed by side effects and acute rejection. As the risk of graft loss increased, all participants were less inclined to accept an assigned treatment strategy. For instance, if graft loss risk was increased from 1% to 50%, the probability of uptake of a treatment strategy for BKPyV infection was reduced from 87% to 3%.ConclusionGraft loss is the predominant concern for patients, caregivers, and health professionals when deciding on the treatment for BKPyV infection, and should be included in intervention trials of BKPyV infection.
image
Geometry of symplectic flux and Lagrangian torus fibrations
Authors: Shelukhin Egor , Tonkonog Dmitry , Vianna Renato 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSymplectic flux measures the areas of cylinders swept in the process of a Lagrangian isotopy. We study flux via a numerical invariant of a Lagrangian submanifold that we define using its Fukaya algebra. The main geometric feature of the invariant is its concavity over isotopies with linear flux. We derive constraints on flux, Weinstein neighbourhood embeddings and holomorphic disk potentials for Gelfand–Cetlin fibres of Fano varieties in terms of their polytopes. We also describe the space of fibres of almost toric fibrations on the complex projective plane up to Hamiltonian isotopy, and provide other applications.
Enhancing Production in Robot-Enabled Manufacturing Systems: A Dynamic Model and Moving Horizon Control Strategy for Mobile Robot Assignment
Authors: Bhatta Kshitij , Chang Qing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article presents a dynamic mathematical model for a robot-enabled manufacturing system, where mobile robots independently manage workstation tasks. Each robot possesses one or multiple skills, enabling collaborative work at workstations. A real-time robot assignment problem is formulated to maximize production of the system, and a novel control strategy is developed to address this problem. Leveraging system properties derived from the model and moving window downtime prediction, the problem of maximizing system production is transformed into a more tractable control problem focused on identifying and achieving ideal clean configurations. The proposed solution significantly outperforms various benchmarks, including a pure reinforcement learning-based strategy, underscoring the importance of system understanding and its crucial role in enhancing flexibility and productivity in manufacturing systems.
Differential expression of the
yfj
operon in a
Bacillus subtilis
biofilm
Authors: Finn James P. , Luzinski Cora , Burton Briana M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Type VII protein secretion systems play an important role in the survival and virulence of pathogens and in the competition among some microbes. Potential polymorphic toxin substrates of the type VII secretion system (T7SS) in
Bacillus subtilis
are important for competition in the context of biofilm communities. Within a biofilm, there is significant physiological heterogeneity as cells within the population take on differential cell fates. Which cells express and deploy the various T7SS substrates is still unknown. To identify which cells express at least one of the T7SS substrates, we investigated the
yfj
operon. The
yfjABCDEF
operon encodes at least one predicted T7SS substrate. Starting with an
in silico
analysis of the
yfj
operon promoter region, we identified potential regulatory sequences. Using a
yfj
promoter-reporter fusion, we then identified several regulators that impact expression of the operon, including a regulator of biofilm formation, DegU. In a
degU
deletion mutant,
yfj
expression is completely abolished. Mutation of predicted DegU binding sites also results in a significant reduction in
yfj
reporter levels. Further analysis of
yfj
regulation reveals that deletion of
spo0A
has the opposite effect of the
degU
deletion. Following the
yfj
reporter by microscopy of cells harvested from biofilms, we find that the
yfj
operon is expressed specifically in the subset of cells undergoing sporulation. Together, our results define cells entering sporulation as the subpopulation most likely to express products of the
yfj
operon in
B. subtilis
.

IMPORTANCE

Differential expression of genes in a bacterial community allows for the division of labor among cells in the community. The toxin substrates of the type VII secretions system (T7SS) are known to be active in
Bacillus subtilis
biofilm communities. This work describes the expression of one of the T7SS-associated operons, the
yfj
operon, which encodes the YFJ toxin, in the sporulating subpopulation within a biofilm. The evidence that the YFJ toxin may be deployed specifically in cells at the early stages of sporulation provides a potential role for deployment of T7SS in community-associated activities, such as cannibalism.