bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐technique Geophysical Survey in and around the Hillfort Lossow – a Bronze and Iron Age Central Site in Brandenburg, Germany
Authors: Ullrich Burkart , Freibothe Ronald , Zoellner Henning , Beilke‐Voigt Ines , Mehner Andreas , Kaufmann Georg 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAt the hillfort Lossow, integrated geophysical surveys were applied as part of an interdisciplinary research project. The importance of the prehistoric and Slavic site rests on various shafts within the hillfort, which are dated to the Early Iron Age and contain findings of offering processes associated with cult practices. At present more than 60 shafts with a depth of 5 to 7.5 m are known from test trenches and excavations inside the hillfort. In the settlement in front of the hillfort, large‐scale magnetic gradiometer surveys and electrical resistivity mapping were applied to detect new archaeological features, verified by field surveys and targeted excavation. Inside the hillfort, a combination of magnetic gradiometer surveys, electrical resistivity imaging, ground‐penetrating radar, and pulse‐induction metal detection were used to reveal the complexity of structures like archaeological pits, shafts, pit houses and modern disturbances in varying soil types. These measurements resulted in a very complex signal of the geophysical data. We used an integrated approach for the interpretation of data from magnetic gradiometer surveys, pulse‐induction metal detection and ground‐penetrating radar surveys. Thus it became possible to interpret most of the detected anomalies as archaeological features from the Slavic period or modern metal artefacts in the topsoil. The detection of the Iron Age shafts covered by complex settlement structures only became possible using high resolution electrical resistivity tomography and low frequency ground‐penetrating radar. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Use of Geophysical Prospections to Map Ancient Hydraulic Works: The Triglio Underground Aqueduct (Apulia, Southern Italy)
Authors: Leucci Giovanni , Parise Mario , Sammarco Mariangela , Scardozzi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis paper presents an integrated analysis using ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) studies to map the Triglio underground aqueduct that in Roman times supplied fresh water to the ancient town of Tarentum, modern Taranto, Apulia region, Italy. The study area includes an expansion project of a nearby limestone quarry where mining activity is related to the production of a steel factory (ILVA). The aim was to develop methods for detection and mapping of the geometry of the underground aqueduct. Seven GPR reflection profiles were acquired across and parallel to the hypothesized extent of the aqueduct, while the ERT method was used to understand the stratigraphy of the area and tie reflections to geological units.Well‐preserved vertical shafts for ventilation and inspection of the ancient underground hydraulic work were investigated and used as models for GPR exploration. The GPR profiles, interpreted using both the trace amplitude analysis and the forward modelling, showed reflection features from the main horizontal tunnel of the ancient aqueduct. The void space within the aqueduct, usually the ceiling–air interface, was discovered and mapped using reflections profiles both parallel to the linear feature, but also crossing it, and differentiated from similar looking geological features. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can medical students accurately predict their learning? A study comparing perceived and actual performance in neuroanatomy
Authors: Hall Samuel R. , Stephens Jonny R. , Seaby Eleanor G. , Andrade Matheus Gesteira , Lowry Andrew F. , Parton Will J.C. , Smith Claire F. , Border Scott 
Published: April 2016

It is important that clinicians are able to adequately assess their level of knowledge and competence in order to be safe practitioners of medicine. The medical literature contains numerous examples of poor self‐assessment accuracy amongst medical students over a range of subjects however this ability in neuroanatomy has yet to be observed. Second year medical students attending neuroanatomy revision sessions at the University of Southampton and the competitors of the National Undergraduate Neuroanatomy Competition were asked to rate their level of knowledge in neuroanatomy. The responses from the former group were compared to performance on a ten item multiple choice question examination and the latter group were compared to their performance within the competition. In both cohorts, self‐assessments of perceived level of knowledge correlated weakly to their performance in their respective objective knowledge assessments (r = 0.30 and r = 0.44). Within the NUNC, this correlation improved when students were instead asked to rate their performance on a specific examination within the competition (spotter, rS = 0.68; MCQ, rS = 0.58). Despite its inherent difficulty, medical student self‐assessment accuracy in neuroanatomy is comparable to other subjects within the medical curriculum. Anat Sci Educ 9: 488–495. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.
Synthesizing 2D and 3D Selenidostannates in Ionic Liquids: The Synergistic Structure‐Directing Effects of Ionic Liquids and Metal–Amine Complexes
Authors: Du Cheng‐Feng , Shen Nan‐Nan , Li Jian‐Rong , Hao Min‐Ting , Wang Zi , Huang Xiao‐Ying 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPresented are the ionothermal syntheses, characterizations, and properties of a series of two‐ and three‐dimensional selenidostannate compounds synergistically directed by metal–amine complex (MAC) cations and ionic liquids (ILs) of [Bmmim]Cl (Bmmim=1‐butyl‐2,3‐dimethylimidazolium). Four selenidostannates, namely, 2D‐(Bmmim)3[Ni(en)3]2[Sn9Se21]Cl (1, en=ethylenediamine), 2D‐(Bmmim)8[Ni2(teta)2(μ‐teta)]Sn18Se42 (2, teta=triethylenetetramine), 2D‐(Bmmim)4[Ni(tepa)Cl]2[Ni(tepa)Sn12Se28] (3, tepa=tetraethylenepentamine), and 3D‐(Bmmim)2[Ni(1,2‐pda)3]Sn8Se18 (4, 1,2‐pda=1,2‐diaminopropane), were obtained. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses revealed that compounds 1 and 2 possess a lamellar anionic [Sn3Se7]n2n− structure comprising distinct eight‐membered ring units, whereas 3 features a MAC‐decorated anionic [Ni(tepa)Sn12Se28]n6n− layered structure. In contrast to 1–3, compound 4 exhibits a 3D open framework of anionic [Sn4Se9]n2n−. The structural variation from 1 to 4 clearly indicates that on the basis of the synergistic structure‐directing ability of the MACs and ILs, variation of the organic polyamine ligand has a significant impact on the formation of selenidostannates.
Adaptive Friction Compensation: Modular Design with Passive Identifier
Authors: Dadkhah Tehrani Reza , Khayatian Alireza 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFor a second‐order mechanical system incorporating Coulomb frictional effect, a nonlinear adaptive control that achieves a controller‐identifier separation is designed. This modularity is made possible by the strong input‐to‐state stability (ISS) property of the ISS controller with respect to the parameter estimation error as input. This input is independently guaranteed to be bounded by the passive identifier. We use two types of passive identifiers: z‐scheme passive identifier and x‐scheme passive identifier. These designs are more flexible than the Lyapunov‐based design and lead to lower control effort. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of z‐scheme and x‐scheme are presented. Transient performance of the system is enhanced with a trajectory initialization technique. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed friction compensator is verified by simulation for position tracking control under the influence of Coulomb friction.
Invited review: Microtubule severing enzymes couple atpase activity with tubulin GTPase spring loading
Authors: Bailey Megan E. , Jiang Nan , Dima Ruxandra I. , Ross Jennifer L. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTMicrotubules are amazing filaments made of GTPase enzymes that store energy used for their own self‐destruction to cause a stochastically driven dynamics called dynamic instability. Dynamic instability can be reproduced in vitro with purified tubulin, but the dynamics do not mimic that observed in cells. This is because stabilizers and destabilizers act to alter microtubule dynamics. One interesting and understudied class of destabilizers consists of the microtubule‐severing enzymes from the ATPases Associated with various cellular Activities (AAA+) family of ATP‐enzymes. Here we review current knowledge about GTP‐driven microtubule dynamics and how that couples to ATP‐driven destabilization by severing enzymes. We present a list of challenges regarding the mechanism of severing, which require development of experimental and modeling approaches to shed light as to how severing enzymes can act to regulate microtubule dynamics in cells. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 105: 547–556, 2016.
Glutathione analogues as substrates or inhibitors that discriminate between allozymes of the MDR‐involved human glutathione transferase P1‐1
Authors: Zompra Aikaterini , Georgakis Nikolaos , Pappa Eleni , Thireou Trias , Eliopoulos Elias , Labrou Nikolaos , Cordopatis Paul , Clonis Yannis 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTGlutathione (GSH) structure‐guided tripeptide analogues were designed and synthesized by solid phase technology, purified (≥95%) by RP and/or GF column chromatography, to identify those that, compared with GSH, exhibited similar or higher binding and catalytic efficiency toward the MDR‐involved human GSTP1‐1 isoenzyme, and could discriminate between the allozymic expression products of the polymorphic human GSTP1 gene locus, designated as hGSTP1*A (Ile104/Ala113), hGSTP1*B (Val104/Ala113), and hGSTP1*C (Val104/Val113). The analogues bear single amino acid alterations as well as alterations in more than one position. Some analogues showed remarkable allozyme selectivity, binding catalytically to A (I, II, IV, XII), to C (V and XVI), to A and C (III, VII, XIV) or to all three allozymes (XV). A heterocyclic substituent at positions 1 or 2 of GSH favors inhibition of A, whereas a small hydrophobic/hydrophilic amide substituent at position 2 (Cys) favors inhibition of B and C. Heterocyclic substituents at position 1, only, produce catalytic analogues for A, whereas less bulky and more flexible hydrophobic/hydrophilic substituents, at positions 1 or 3, lead to effective substrates with C. When such substituents were introduced simultaneously at positions 1 and 3, the analogues produced have no catalytic potential but showed appreciable inhibitory effects, instead, with all allozymes. It is anticipated that when GSH analogues with selective inhibitory or catalytic binding, were conjugated to allozyme‐selective inhibitors of hGSTP1‐1, the derived leads would be useful for the designing of novel chimeric inhibitors against the MDR‐involved hGSTP1‐1 allozymes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 106: 330–344, 2016.
Can metronomic maintenance with weekly vinblastine prevent early relapse/progression after bevacizumab–irinotecan in children with low‐grade glioma?
Authors: Heng Marie Amélie , Padovani Laetitia , Dory‐Lautrec Philippe , Gentet Jean Claude , Verschuur Arnaud , Pasquier Eddy , Figarella‐Branger Dominique , Scavarda Didier , André Nicolas 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe association of bevacizumab and irinotecan has been shown to display a quick efficacy in low‐grade glioma (LGG), but most patients relapse within months after cessation of therapy. From October 2012 to March 2014, four patients have been treated with irinotecan–bevacizumab followed by a metronomic maintenance with weekly vinblastine to try to prevent relapses. After a median follow‐up of 23 months after the end of the bevacizumab–irinotecan induction, no patient relapsed. These observations suggest that maintenance chemotherapy with weekly vinblastine after an induction by irinotecan–bevacizumab can improve progression‐free survival in children with LGG.
ADH1B and ALDH2 are associated with metachronous SCC after endoscopic submucosal dissection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kagemoto Kenichi , Urabe Yuji , Miwata Tomohiro , Oka Shiro , Ochi Hidenori , Kitadai Yasuhiko , Tanaka Shinji , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA previous genome‐wide association study identified two novel esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) susceptibility genes, ADH1B and ALDH2. We investigated the characteristics of ESCC, and the relationship between metachronous esophageal and/or pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the ADH1B & ALDH2 risk alleles. One hundred and seventeen superficial ESCC patients who underwent treatment with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) were followed up using endoscopy for ≥12 months. First, we performed a replication analysis to confirm the relationship between ESCC and the ADH1B & ALDH2 risk alleles using 117 superficial ESCC cases and 1125 healthy controls. Next, we investigated the incidence and genetic/environmental factors associated with metachronous SCC development after ESD. We also analyzed the potential risk factors for metachronous SCC development using Cox's proportional hazards model. rs1229984 GG located on ADH1B and rs671 GA located on ALDH2 were significantly associated with ESCC progression (P = 7.93 × 10−4 and P = 1.04 × 10−5). Patients with rs1229984 GG, those with rs671 GA, smokers, heavy alcohol drinkers (44 g/day ethanol), and presence of multiple Lugol‐voiding lesions (LVLs) developed metachronous SCC more frequently (P = 3.20 × 10−3, 7.00 × 10−4, 4.00 × 10−4, 2.15 × 10−2, and 4.41 × 10−3, respectively), with hazard ratios were 2.84 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43–5.63), 4.57 (95% CI = 1.80–15.42), 4.84 (95% CI = 1.89–16.41), and 2.34 (95% CI = 1.12–5.31), respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that rs1229984 GG, rs671 GA, and smoking status were independently associated with the risk of developing metachronous SCCs after ESD. Moreover, we found cumulative effects of these two genetic factors (rs1229984 GG and rs671 GA) and one environmental factor (tobacco smoking) which appear to increase metachrous SCCs after ESD of ESCC risk approximately nearly 12‐fold. Our findings elucidated the crucial role of multiple genetic variations in ADH1B and ALDH2 as biomarkers of metachronous ESCC.
Effect of Liposome Size on Internal RNA Replication Coupled with Replicase Translation
Authors: Sunami Takeshi , Ichihashi Norikazu , Nishikawa Takehiro , Kazuta Yasuaki , Yomo Tetsuya 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCell membranes inhibit the diffusion of intracellular materials, and compartment size can strongly affect the intracellular biochemical reactions. To assess the effect of the size of microcompartments on intracellular reactions, we constructed a primitive cell model consisting of giant liposomes and a translation‐coupled RNA replication (TcRR) system. The RNA was replicated by Qβ replicase, which was translated from the RNA in giant liposomes encapsulating the cell‐free translation system. A reporter RNA encoding the antisense strand of β‐glucuronidase was introduced into the system to yield a TcRR read‐out (green fluorescence). We demonstrate that TcRR was hardly detectable in larger liposomes (230 fL) but was more effective in smaller (7.7 fL) liposomes. Our experimental and theoretical results show that smaller microcompartments considerably enhance TcRR because the synthesized molecules, such as RNA and replicases, are more concentrated in smaller liposomes.
Bioresorbable vascular scaffolds for small vessels coronary disease: The BVS‐save registry
Authors: Latini Roberto Adriano , Granata Francesco , Ielasi Alfonso , Varricchio Attilio , Moscarella Elisabetta , Tespili Maurizio , Cortese Bernardo 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveIn this study, we investigated long‐term results following bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation in small coronary arteries.BackgroundManagement of small coronary vessel disease with percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is often associated with high recurrencies and an increased risk of late or very late adverse events. Currently, little is known about BVS behavior in this setting.MethodsA retrospective cohort analysis in a consecutive all‐comer population was performed in patients that had a BVS implanted for coronary artery disease (CAD) in vessels with reference diameter <2.75 mm. Primary end‐point was the occurrence of BVS failure (any event between target lesion revascularization (TLR) and definite/probable thrombosis) at the longest available follow‐up. Secondary end‐points were device‐oriented clinical outcome (DOCE, a composite of cardiac death, target‐vessel non‐fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and TLR) and its single components at 12‐month follow‐up.ResultsA total of 121 patients (133 lesions) were treated between March 2013 and December 2014 at three high volume Italian centers. From baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics emerges a highly complex patient population. Procedural success was obtained in 120 (99.2%) patients. In‐hospital events included one cardiac death. At the longest available clinical follow‐up (average 12 ± 6, median 11.4 months, interquartile ranges (IQR) 8, primary end‐point occurred in 12 patients (9.0%), including 12 (9.0%) TLR and 2 (1.5%) BVS thrombosis. DOCE occurred in 9.0% of cases. The use of overlapping BVS in this setting did not increase the risk of adverse events.ConclusionsBVS implantation in a highly complex clinical and angiographic setting of small coronary vessels was technically feasible and effective in maintaining vessel patency after 12 months. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early catheterization after initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in children is associated with improved survival
Authors: Abraham Boban P. , Gilliam Erikka , Kim Dennis W. , Wolf Michael J. , Vincent Robert N. , Petit Christopher J. 
Published: April 2016

ObjectivesThe study evaluated the institutional experience with cardiac catheterization on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support.BackgroundThere is scant literature on the outcomes of catheterization on ECMO.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of all children who underwent catheterization on ECMO from 2003 to 2013. Patients were categorized as cardiomyopathy (CM) or congenital heart disease (CHD).ResultsDuring the study period, 215 children were placed on cardiac ECMO. Of these, 29.8% underwent 75 catheterization procedures while on ECMO support. The median age of the cohort was 1.5 months (range 0 days −16.7 years) and the median weight was 3.9 kg (2.2–63.1 kg). CM patients constituted 18.8% of the cohort and all of them underwent atrial septoplasty (an atrial septal stent in 7/12 and balloon atrial septoplasty or septostomy in 5). The survival to hospital discharge rate was 83% and the transplant‐free survival rate was 58.3%. CHD patients constituted 81.2% of the cohort. In this group, transcatheter interventions were performed in 40.4% and subsequent surgical interventions in 40.4%. Survival to hospital discharge rate was 34.6% and transplant free survival rate was 32.7%. Overall, 76.7% underwent transcatheter or surgical interventions. The major catheterization complication rate was 6.7%. The mean ECMO‐to‐catheterization time was 1.6 days for survivors and 3.5 days for non‐survivors (P = 0.034). Survival to discharge was better for the CM group compared to the CHD group (P = 0.01). Among CHD, survival was better with transcatheter interventions compared to no interventions or surgical interventions (P < 0.001).ConclusionsCardiac catheterization and transcatheter interventions on ECMO can be performed with low rate of complications. Catheterization was associated with high rate of interventions. Better survival to hospital discharge was associated with transcatheter interventions, earlier performance of catheterization after ECMO and diagnosis of CM. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spontaneous pneumothorax due to bronchopleural fistula following reirradiation for locoregionally recurrent squamous cell lung cancer
Authors: Ota Takayo , Suzumura Tomohiro , Sugiura Takamune , Hasegawa Yoshikazu , Yonesaka Kimio , Makihara Masaru , Tsukuda Hiroshi , Tada Takuhito , Fukuoka Masahiro 
Published: April 2016

Key Clinical MessageSpontaneous pneumothorax following radiotherapy for pulmonary malignancy is an unusual clinical condition. Here, we report a case of a 78‐year‐old male suffering from dyspnea during radiotherapy for squamous cell lung cancer of the right main bronchus. Imaging studies and fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed that pneumothorax was due to a bronchopleural fistula.
Imatinib for bleomycin induced pulmonary toxicity: a case report and evidence‐base review
Authors: Banakh Iouri , Lam Alice , Tiruvoipati Ravindranath , Carney Ian , Botha John 
Published: April 2016

Key Clinical MessageThe evidence supporting therapy with imatinib for bleomycin‐induced pneumonitis (BIP) is equivocal. Further experience is needed to establish its role in BIP management. While it may be considered in the management of BIP, it is important to be mindful of the adverse effects including thrombocytopenia and gastrointestinal bleeding.
Multiple nodular lesions following Pneumocystis pneumonia in a non‐HIV immunocompromised patient
Authors: Asakura Takanori , Kameyama Naofumi , Ishii Makoto , Kawada Ichiro , Tasaka Sadatomo , Soejima Kenzo , Betsuyaku Tomoko 
Published: April 2016

Key Clinical MessageCytomegalovirus superinfection is associated with a poor prognosis in non‐HIVPneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and can cause deterioration of PCP not only simultaneously but also after initiating PCP treatment. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia should be considered in cases with deterioration after initiating PCP treatment; multiple nodular lesions are useful findings for the diagnosis.
Plasticization and Swelling in Polymeric Membranes in CO2 Removal from Natural Gas
Authors: Suleman Malik Shoaib , Lau Kok Keong , Yeong Yin Fong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRemoval of CO2 from natural gas is necessary to purify the gas and to enhance its calorific value. Membrane technology is an efficient technique for CO2 removal due to its ease of operation and low cost. Polymeric membranes exhibit excellent separation performance which is affected by plasticization and swelling in the membrane. Recent technological advancements and major problems in polymeric membranes are reported in this review. Separation performance of polymeric membranes is highlighted in terms of permeability and selectivity. Moreover, techniques to overcome the major problems in polymeric membranes are reviewed. Commonly, cross‐linking and thermal treatment are used to minimize the effect of plasticization and swelling in the membrane. For future perspectives, there is a need to find more efficient methods to overcome these problems.
Analytic High‐Pressure Phase Equilibria. Part II: Gas Chromatography and Sampling Method Development
Authors: Fourie Frederick C. v. N. , Schwarz Cara E. , Knoetze Johannes H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe phase equilibria of supercritical CO2‐alkane‐alcohol mixtures were studied using online gas chromatography. Gas chromatograph design criteria and quantitative detector calibration methods are presented. An adapted manual calibration injection technique eliminated liner overload and pressure wave effects. Observation of the cell contents has proven essential for accurate vapor phase sampling. Visuals, often not visible to the naked eye, show that sampling can disrupt an equilibrated high‐pressure system even though pressure and temperature remain constant within 0.1 bar and 0.01 °C. Such disruptions may manifest in one of three phenomena: global mist formation, localized mist formation, or no‐warning droplet formation.