bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissolution behavior of CaO‐MgO‐SiO2‐based multiphase bioceramic powders and effects of the released ions on osteogenesis
Authors: Zhang Mengjiao , Chen Xianchun , Pu Ximing , Liao Xiaoming , Huang Zhongbing , Yin Guangfu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn the present study, the dissolution behavior of the CaO‐MgO‐SiO2‐based multiphase bioceramic powders as well as the effects of released ions on osteogenesis was investigated. In the dissolution process, Ca, Mg, and Si ions could be dissolved out from the powders. The incorporation of Mg could slow down the degradation rate of the powders so that to reduce the local concentration of Ca and Si ions. In return, the dissolution of Ca and Si ions leading to the formation of a porous SiO2‐rich layer could enhance the readsorption of free Mg ions in solution and thus down‐regulate the concentration of Mg ions. In addition, the released ions exhibited both positive and negative synergistic effects on osteogenesis with a concentration‐dependent manner. Trace amount of released Si ions could stimulate cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in the presence of Ca and Mg ions. The optimal concentration of Ca‐Mg‐Si ion combination to promote osteogenesis was existed in the 1/4 diluted extract, whereas a slightly inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and ALP activity was observed in the 1/2 diluted extract with higher concentration of Ca and Si ions . All above results suggested that the ion dissolution behavior of the CaO‐MgO‐SiO2‐based multiphase bioceramic could be regulated via adjustment of the composition so that released ions could be maintained at an appropriate composite concentration to cooperatively regulate the osteogenesis. This research provided an experimental basis for further optimization and application of CaO‐MgO‐SiO2‐based multiphase bioceramics with controlled ion dissolution and excellent physicochemical and biological properties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3159–3168, 2017.
Ganglioside GM3 suppresses lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory responses in rAW 264.7 macrophage cells through NF‐κB, AP‐1, and MAPKs signaling
Authors: Park Junyoung , Kwak Choong‐Hwan , Ha Sun‐Hyung , Kwon Kyung‐Min , Abekura Fukushi , Cho Seung‐Hak , Chang Young‐Chae , Lee Young‐Choon , Ha Ki‐Tae , Chung Tae‐Wook , Kim Cheorl‐Ho 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGangliosides are known to specifically inhibit vascular leukocyte recruitment and consequent interaction with the injured endothelium, the basic inflammatory process. In this study, we have found that the production of nitric oxide (NO), a main regulator of inflammation, is suppressed by GM3 on murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, when induced by LPS. In addition, GM3 attenuated the increase in cyclooxyenase‐2 (COX‐2) protein and mRNA levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐activated RAW 264.7 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, GM3 inhibited the expression and release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. At the intracellular level, GM3 inhibited LPS‐induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) and activator protein (AP)‐1 in RAW 264.7 macrophages. We, therefore, investigated whether GM3 affects mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, a process known as the upstream signaling regulator. GM3 dramatically reduced the expression levels of the phosphorylated forms of ERK, JNK, and p38 in LPS‐activated RAW 264.7 cells. These results indicate that GM3 is a promising suppressor of the vascular inflammatory responses and ganglioside GM3 suppresses the LPS‐induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages by suppression of NF‐κB, AP‐1, and MAPKs signaling. Accordingly, GM3 is suggested as a beneficial agent for the treatment of diseases that are associated with inflammation.
Optimization of synthesis condition for carboxymethyl cellulose‐based hydrogel from rice straw by microwave‐assisted method and its application in heavy metal ions removal
Authors: Panchan Noppadol , Niamnuy Chalida , Dittanet Peerapan , Devahastin Sakamon 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn alternative carboxymethyl cellulose‐based biosorbent hydrogel was synthesized by grafting 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) onto the prepared carboxymethyl cellulose backbone via microwave heating. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the hydrogel synthesis condition for maximum gel content with respect to AMPS dose, N,N′‐methylene‐bis‐acrylamide dose, and microwave exposure time. The prepared gels were then characterized and evaluated in terms of their heavy metal ions adsorption performance and reusability.RESULTSThe optimum synthesis condition yielded the maximum gel content and maximum equilibrium swelling of 96.33% and 2819 ± 15%, respectively. The Langmuir model fitted the experimental isotherm data well, with maximum adsorption capacity of 86.21, 102.04 and 33.56 mg g‐1 for Cu2+, Pb2+ and Fe3+, respectively. Microwave heating was clearly noted to result in hydrogel of higher porosity and could shorten the synthesis time by 88.33%; the gel content was 7.46% higher compared with that obtained via conventional heating.CONCLUSIONMicrowave‐assisted heating is a feasible alternative and an efficient technique for CMC‐g‐AMPS hydrogel synthesis. The optimized CMC‐g‐AMPS hydrogel exhibited good performance for Cu2+, Pb2+ and Fe3+ ions removal and was satisfactorily reused, thus contributing to the alleviation of environmental problems caused by discarded rice straw and water contaminated with heavy metal ions. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Applications of ordinary voltage graph theory to graph embeddability
Authors: Schluchter Steven 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLet p be a prime greater than 5. We show that, while the generalized Petersen graphs of the form have cellular toroidal embeddings, they have no such embeddings having the additional property that a free action of a group on the graph extends to a cellular automorphism of the torus. Such an embedding is called a derived embedding. We also show that does have a derived embedding in the torus, and we show that for any odd q, each generalized Petersen graph of the form has a derived embedding in the Klein bottle, which has the same Euler characteristic as the torus. We close with some comments that frame these results in the light of Abrams and Slilaty's recent work on graphs featuring group actions that extend to spherical embeddings of those graphs.
Embryonic development of Eucorydia yasumatsui Asahina, with special reference to external morphology (Insecta: Blattodea, Corydiidae)
Authors: Fujita Mari , Machida Ryuichiro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAs the first step in the comparative embryological study of Blattodea, with the aim of reconstructing the groundplan and phylogeny of Dictyoptera and Polyneoptera, the embryonic development of a corydiid was examined and described in detail using Eucorydia yasumatsui. Ten to fifteen micropyles are localized on the ventral side of the egg, and aggregated symbiont bacterial “mycetomes” are found in the egg. The embryo is formed by the fusion of paired blastodermal regions, with higher cellular density on the ventral side of the egg. This type of embryo formation, regarded as one of the embryological autapomorphies of Polyneoptera, was first demonstrated for “Blattaria” in the present study. The embryo undergoes embryogenesis of the short germ band type, and elongates to its full length on the ventral side of the egg. The embryo undergoes katatrepsis and dorsal closure, and then finally, it acquires its definitive form, keeping its original position on the ventral side of the egg, with its anteroposterior axis never reversed throughout development. The information obtained was compared with that of previous studies on other insects. “Micropyles grouped on the ventral side of the egg” is thought to be a part of the groundplan of Dictyoptera, and “possession of bacteria in the form of mycetomes” to be an apomorphic groundplan of Blattodea. Corydiid embryos were revealed to perform blastokinesis of the “non‐reversion type (N)”, as reported in blaberoid cockroaches other than Corydiidae (“Ectobiidae,” Blaberidae, etc.) and in Mantodea; the embryos of blattoid cockroaches (Blattidae and Cryptocercidae) and Isoptera undergo blastokinesis of the “reversion type (R),” in which the anteroposterior axis of the embryo is reversed during blastokinesis. Dictyopteran blastokinesis types can be summarized as “Mantodea (N) + Blattodea [= Blaberoidea (N) + Blattoidea (R) + Isoptera (R)]”.
Interspecific variation in the tetradactyl manus of modern tapirs (Perissodactyla:Tapirus) exposed using geometric morphometrics
Authors: MacLaren Jamie A. , Nauwelaerts Sandra 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe distal forelimb (autopodium) of quadrupedal mammals is a key morphological unit involved in locomotion, body support, and interaction with the substrate. The manus of the tapir (Perissodactyla:Tapirus) is unique within modern perissodactyls, as it retains the plesiomorphic tetradactyl (four‐toed) condition also exhibited by basal equids and rhinoceroses. Tapirs are known to exhibit anatomical mesaxonic symmetry in the manus, although interspecific differences and biomechanical mesaxony have yet to be rigorously tested. Here, we investigate variation in the manus morphology of four modern tapir species (Tapirus indicus,Tapirus bairdii,Tapirus pinchaque, andTapirus terrestris) using a geometric morphometric approach. Autopodial bones were laser scanned to capture surface shape and morphology was quantified using 3D‐landmark analysis. Landmarks were aligned using Generalised Procrustes Analysis, with discriminant function and partial least square analyses performed on aligned coordinate data to identify features that significantly separate tapir species. Overall, our results support the previously held hypothesis thatT. indicusis morphologically separate from neotropical tapirs; however, previous conclusions regarding function from morphological differences are shown to require reassessment. We find evidence indicating thatT. bairdiiexhibits reduced reliance on the lateral fifth digit compared to other tapirs. Morphometric assessment of the metacarpophalangeal joint and the morphology of the distal facets of the lunate lend evidence toward high loading on the lateral digits of both the largeT. indicus(large body mass) and the small, long limbedT. pinchaque(ground impact). Our results support other recent studies onT. pinchaque, suggesting subtle but important adaptations to a compliant but inclined habitat. In conclusion, we demonstrate further evidence that the modern tapir forelimb is a variable locomotor unit with a range of interspecific features tailored to habitual and biomechanical needs of each species.
Stayers versus movers: Social capital and early career imprinting among young professionals
Authors: Dobrev Stanislav D. , Merluzzi Jennifer 
Published: July 2017

SummaryWe investigate what interfirm career mobility patterns would emerge if individuals are motivated by the job rewards they obtain as a function of their experience in organizations. We articulate two career strategies that individuals employ to navigate their early careers—commitment to a single employer and “job hopping” between different employers. Each strategy generates social capital (an individual's structure of social relations) but of a different kind. Embeddedness in the same organization over time develops a strong local identity and reputation within the firm. Boundary spanning through experience in different organizations creates opportunities for connecting people and ideas and for knowledge transfer between firms. We posit and present evidence that the choice between these two strategies is conditioned by social experience at the onset of one's career—the length of tenure with the first employer—which sorts individuals into “stayers” and “movers.”
Spatiotemporal variation of snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau based on MODIS snow product, 2001–2014
Authors: Li Chunhong , Su Fengge , Yang Daqing , Tong Kai , Meng Fanchong , Kan Baoyun 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics and trends of snow cover fraction (SCF) in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and seven upstream river basins (Yellow, Yangtze, Mekong, Salween, Brahmaputra, Indus and Yarkant) by employing the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data for 2001–2014. The possible linkage between the SCF, and temperature and precipitation changes over the TP and individual basins is also investigated. Results suggest that the distribution of snow cover over the TP exhibit a large spatiotemporal heterogeneity with high SCFs mainly concentrating on the southern and western edges which is strongly linked to the moist air supplies. The distribution of snow cover is highly dependent on the elevations, with a higher SCF and a later onset of snow melt at the higher elevation zones than at the lowers. There is an elevation threshold existing for separating two distinct snow cover regimes, which are 4000 m for the western basins and 5000 m for the southeastern basins. The snow cover over the TP has slightly decreased by about 1.1% during 2001–2014, with dramatic reductions mostly lying in the heavy snowy regions and some light increases occurring in the areas with annual mean SCFs mostly less than 10%. The reduction rates of snow cover increase with the rising of altitudes for the TP average, and the basins of Indus, Yarkant, Salween and Brahmaputra. At the same time, the Yellow and Yangtze basins exhibit larger increasing rates of snow cover at the higher elevations zones. The SCF variations are linked to the temperature and precipitation changes. Precipitation tends to be the major factor impacting the snow cover changes in the TP during 2001–2014.
Observed variability and trends in the microclimate of the midlands of KwaZulu‐Natal and its influence on fire danger
Authors: Strydom Sheldon , Savage Michael J. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTCurrent changes in global climate are likely to be evident at both the regional and the local scale. This study presents an investigation in climatic trends in the KwaZulu‐Natal (KZN) midlands, South Africa and seeks to assess the level of change in the microclimate and more specifically, the influence of a changing climate on fire danger. To this end, long‐term (1953–2015), historical daily meteorological data from the KZN midlands were analysed, using multitemporal regression analysis as well as time‐series analysis. Analysis indicated significant trends, to varying rates of change, across all sites. Over the last two decades, annual average air temperature was found to be increasing at a rate of between 1 and 3 °C century−1. Atmospheric water vapour pressure across the three sites also experienced significant levels of change. Decreases in total rainfall over the last two decades are of concern. Fire danger, calculated using the Lowveld fire danger index (LFDI), displayed significant rates of change. At two sites, annual average fire danger, over the last two decades, was found to be decreasing at a rate between roughly 5 and 10 FDI units century−1. The onset and length of the KZN midlands fire season has also undergone significant changes, as a response to changes in the microclimate. Sites experienced an overall decreasing trend in the onset of the fire season – indicative of an earlier start to the fire season, as well as an increase in fire season length. Results indicate that while the microclimate of the KZN midlands is changing, the rate of change differs from that of global and continental estimates.
Regulation of RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis by RING finger protein RNF114
Authors: Lin Boren , Ke Qi , Leaman Douglas W. , Goel Vijay , Agarwal Anand 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTNormal bone remodeling is a continuous process orchestrated by bone‐resorbing osteoclasts and bone‐forming osteoblasts, which an imbalance in bone remodeling results in metabolic bone diseases. RANKL, a member of the TNF cytokine family, functions as a key stimulator for osteoclast differentiation and maturation. Here, we report that RNF114, previously identified as a psoriasis susceptibility gene, plays a regulatory role in the RANKL/RANK/TRAF6 signaling pathway that mediates osteoclastogenesis. Our results demonstrated that RNF114 expression was significantly down‐regulated in mouse osteoclast precursor cells undergoing RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation. RNF114 knockout did not affect development or viability of the subpopulation of bone marrow macrophages capable of differentiating into osteoclasts in culture. However, in the presence of RANKL, RNF114 knockout bone marrow macrophages exhibited enhanced cell proliferation and augmented osteoclast differentiation, as shown by an increased expression of mature osteoclast markers, increased osteoclastic TRAP activity and bone resorption. Conversely, ectopic expression of RNF114 inhibited CTSK expression, TRAP activity, and bone resorption in RANKL‐treated pre‐osteoclasts. RNF114 also suppressed RANKL‐activated NFATc1 expression and NFAT‐regulated promoter activity. RNF114 suppressed TRAF6‐, but not TAK1/TAB2‐mediated NF‐κB activation downstream of RANKL/RANK. In particular, TRAF6 protein levels were down‐regulated by RNF114, possibly via K48‐mediated proteasome‐dependent degradation. These data suggested that RNF114's inhibitory effect on RANKL‐stimulated osteoclastogenesis was mediated by blocking RANK/TRAF6/NF‐κB signal transduction. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:159–166, 2018.
Baseline Diameters of Inferior Vena Cava and Abdominal Aorta Measured by Ultrasonography in Healthy Term Neonates During Early Neonatal Adaptation Period
Authors: Jarosz‐Lesz Anna , Michalik Katarzyna , Maruniak‐Chudek Iwona 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate normative sonographic measurements of the inferior vena cava (IVC), aorta (Ao), and IVC/Ao ratio in the first 2 days of life in term neonates.MethodsWe prospectively observed 200 term (more than 36 and 6/7 weeks of gestation), single, healthy neonates born in a city hospital. The exclusion criteria were congenital abnormalities, an Apgar score of less than 8, and hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy. Maximum IVC (distal to the hepatic‐IVC junction) and Ao (above the superior mesenteric artery) diameters were measured in the first 2 days of life in the longitudinal plane. Neonatal weight loss was calculated as a percentage lost from birth weight (BW).ResultsA total of 200 (50% born vaginally, 53% male) neonates were enrolled. Correlations between IVC and aortic diameters as a function of gestational age, method of birth, weight loss, and body surface area (BSA) were calculated using the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The correlation coefficients were statistically significant for the IVC (P = .017) and Ao (P = .006) abdominal diameters versus gestational age. The Ao diameter correlated with BSA (P = .0001). In neonates with weight loss less than 8% of BW, the IVC/Ao ratio remained constant at 0.62 (95% confidence interval, 0.60–0.63).ConclusionsSonographic measurements of IVC and Ao maximum diameters in term neonates suggests a significant positive correlation among gestational age, BSA, and IVC and Ao diameters. The IVC/Ao ratios remain constant over 48 hours after birth in neonates with weight loss up to 8% of BW, and appear to be lower than previously reported ratios for healthy children.
Model identification and parameter estimation of elastoplastic constitutive model by data assimilation using the particle filter
Authors: Murakami Akira , Shinmura Hayato , Ohno Shintaro , Fujisawa Kazunori 
Published: July 2017

SummaryData assimilation, using the particle filter and incorporating the soil‐water coupled finite element method, is applied to identify the yield function of the elastoplastic constitutive model and corresponding parameters based on the sequential measurements of hypothetical soil tests and an actual construction sequence. In the proposed framework of the inverse analysis, the unknowns are both the particular parameter within the exponential contractancy model, nE, which parameterizes various shapes for the yield function of the competing constitutive models, including the original/the modified Cam‐Clay models and in‐between models and the parameters of the corresponding constitutive model. An appropriate set, consisting of the yield function of the constitutive model and the parameters of the constitutive model, can be simultaneously identified by the particle filter to describe the most suitable soil behavior. To examine the validity of the proposed procedure, hypothetical and actual measurements for the displacements of a soil specimen were obtained for consolidated and undrained tests through a synthetic FEM computation and for consolidated and drained tests, respectively. After examining the applicability of the proposed procedure to these test results, the present paper then focuses on the actual measured data, ie, the settlement behavior including the lateral deformation of the Kobe Airport Island constructed on reclaimed land.
Monosomy 7/del (7q) in inherited bone marrow failure syndromes: A systematic review
Authors: Pezeshki Alex , Podder Shreya , Kamel Ralph , Corey Seth J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) are rare cancer predisposition syndromes with an especially high risk of transformation to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and/or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We performed a retrospective systematic review of reported MDS/AML arising in the eight most common IBMFS to determine the frequency and outcome of chromosome 7 abnormalities. We identified 738 MDS/AML cases of 4,293 individuals. Monosomy 7 or del (7q) occurred in ∼17%. Greater understanding of the roles played by sequential acquisition of genetic and cytogenetic changes will provide insights into myeloid leukemogenesis and improve the surveillance and hopefully outcomes for individuals with IBMFS.
Explaining student and home variance of Chinese reading achievement of the PIRLS 2011 Hong Kong
Authors: Cheung Wai Ming , Lam Joseph W. I. , Au Doreen W. H. , So Wendy W. Y. , Huang Yanli , Tsang Hector W. H. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHong Kong attained the top place in the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2011, an international study of reading achievement, which arouses keen interest in understanding the reasons behind this remarkable achievement. Although factors associated with reading achievement in English have been widely studied, similar studies using Chinese as a different language system are limited. The present study proposes and tests a hypothetical model that attempts to explain the variance of reading achievement of Hong Kong pupils in the PIRLS 2011 study, focusing on parental and student factors. Data of 3,875 fourth graders from 132 primary schools and their parents or caregivers (n = 3,682) are involved in the analysis. Structural equation modeling supports the hypothesized model as tenable explaining 34% of the variance of reading achievement. Parental background acts as the fundamental factor that exerts an indirect effect on reading motivation, reading self‐efficacy, and reading achievement of students via books at home and early reading abilities. Reading motivation and reading self‐efficacy are found to be significant in influencing reading achievement. Implications for educational practices and future research are discussed.