bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Arabic Diatessaron Project: Digitalizing, Encoding, Lemmatization
Authors: Lancioni Giuliano , Joosse N. Peter 
Published: December 2017

The Arabic Diatessaron Project (henceforth ADP) is an international research project in Digital Humanities that aims to collect, digitalise and encode all known manuscripts of the Arabic Diatessaron (henceforth AD), a text that has been relatively neglected in scholarly research.
ADP’s final goal is to provide a number of tools that can enable scholars to effectively query, compare and investigate all known variants of the text that will be encoded as far as possible in compliance with the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) guidelines.
The paper addresses a number of issues involved in the process of digitalising manuscripts included in the two existing editions (Ciasca 1888 and Marmardji 1935), adding variants in unedited manuscripts, encoding and lemmatising the text.
Issues involved in the design of the ADP include presentation of variants, choice of the standard text, applicability of TEI guidelines, automatic translation between different encodings, cross-edition concordances and principles of lemmatisation.
Thermal Inertia Approach Using a Heat Budget Model to Estimate the Spatial Distribution of Surface Soil Moisture over a Semiarid Grassland in Central Mongolia
Authors: Matsushima Dai , Asanuma Jun , Kaihotsu Ichirow 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Thermal inertia is a physical parameter that evaluates soil thermal properties with an emphasis on the stability of the temperature when the soil is affected by heating/cooling. Thermal inertia can be retrieved from a heat budget formulation as a parameter when the time series of Earth surface temperature and forcing variables, such as insolation and air temperature, are given. In this study, a two-layer, linearized heat budget model was employed for the retrieval of thermal inertia over a grassland in a semiarid region. Application of different formulations to the aerodynamic conductance with respect to atmospheric stability significantly improved the accuracy of the thermal inertia retrieval. The retrieved values of thermal inertia were well correlated with in situ surface soil moisture at multiple ground stations. The daily time series of thermal inertia–derived soil moisture qualitatively agreed well with in situ soil moisture after antecedent rainfalls, which was found after fitting the time series to an exponentially decaying function. On the contrary, AMSR2 soil moisture mostly did not agree with in situ soil moisture. The results of the estimation showed high accuracy: the root-mean-square error was 0.038 m3 m−3 compared to the in situ data and was applied to an area of 2° × 2° in which the in situ observation locations were included. The spatiotemporal distribution of surface soil moisture was mapped at a 0.03° × 0.03° spatial resolution in the study area as 10- or 11-day averages over a vegetation growth period of 2012.
Understanding Biases in Tropical Cyclone Intensity Forecast Error
Authors: Na Wei , McBride John L. , Zhang Xing-Hai , Duan Yi-Hong 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The characteristics of 24-h official forecast errors (OFEs) of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity are analyzed over the North Atlantic, east Pacific, and western North Pacific. The OFE is demonstrated to be strongly anticorrelated with TC intensity change with correlation coefficients of −0.77, −0.77, and −0.68 for the three basins, respectively. The 24-h intensity change in the official forecast closely follows a Gaussian distribution with a standard deviation only ⅔ of that in nature, suggesting the current official forecasts estimate fewer cases of large intensity change. The intensifying systems tend to produce negative errors (underforecast), while weakening systems have consistent positive errors (overforecast). This asymmetrical bias is larger for extreme intensity change, including rapid intensification (RI) and rapid weakening (RW). To understand this behavior, the errors are analyzed in a simple objective model, the trend-persistence model (TPM). The TPM exhibits the same error-intensity change correlation. In the TPM, the error can be understood as it is exactly inversely proportional to the finite difference form of the concavity or second derivative of the intensity–time curve. The occurrence of large negative (positive) errors indicates the intensity–time curve is concave upward (downward) in nature during the TC’s rapid intensification (weakening) process. Thus, the fundamental feature of the OFE distribution is related to the shape of the intensity–time curve, governed by TC dynamics. All forecast systems have difficulty forecasting an accelerating rate of change, or a large second derivative of the intensity–time curve. TPM may also be useful as a baseline in evaluating the skill of official forecasts. According to this baseline, official forecasts are more skillful in RW than in RI.
Heteropterys tomentosa A. Juss: Toxicological and adaptogenic effects in experimental models
Authors: Fraga Géssica Alves , Balogun Sikiru Olaitan , Pascqua Emilly Della , de Oliveira Ruberlei Godinho , Botelho Guilherme , Pavan Eduarda , da Rosa Lima Thiago , Avila Eudes Thiago Pereira , de Medeiros Amorim Krueger Clarissa , Filho Valdir Cechinel , Damazo Amílcar Sabino , de Oliveira Martins Domingos Tabajara , Voltarelli Fabrício Azevedo 
Published: December 2017

Background: The constant pursuit of improved athletic performance characterizes high-performance sport and the use of medicinal plants as dietary supplements is becoming widespread among athletes to enhance long-term endurance performance. Aim: The present study evaluated the toxicity of Heteropterys tomentosa (HEHt) and its acute adaptogenic effects. Methods: The in vitro safety profile was evaluated on CHO-k1 cells using the alamar Blue assay, at concentrations ranging from 3.125 to 200 µg/mL. In vivo acute oral toxicity was conducted in male and female mice with oral administration of graded doses of HEHt from 400 to 2000 mg/kg. A subchronic oral toxicity study was completed by oral administration of HEHt (50, 200 or 1000 mg/kg) and vehicle for 30 days in male Wistar rats. Clinical observations and toxicological related parameters were determined. Blood was collected for biochemical and hematological analyses, while histological examinations were performed on selected organs. Thereafter, an adaptogenic test consisting of progressive loads until exhaustion was conducted in rats ( n = 5/group) orally pre-treated with the vehicle and HEHt (25, 100 or 400 mg/kg). Results: HEHt exhibited no cytotoxic effects on the CHO-k1 cells and, apparently, no acute toxicity in mice and no subchronic toxicity in rats. An ergogenic effect was observed only at the dose of 25 mg/kg compared with the vehicle in relation to time to exhaustion and exercise load ( p = .011 and .019, respectively). HEHt is safe at up to 400 mg/kg, contains astilbin and taxifolin as the major phytochemical compounds, and exhibited a potential adaptogenic effect. Conclusions: These results justify its anecdotal usage as a tonic, show that the hydroethanolic maceration of the root does not cause toxicity, and provide scientific evidence of its potential as a source of new adaptogenic substance(s).
Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma and Metastasis to the Thyroid Gland
Authors: Jackson Gregory , Fino Nora , Bitting Rhonda L 
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignancy to metastasize to the thyroid gland. The aims of this study are as follows: (1) to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with thyroid involvement of RCC and (2) in patients with RCC thyroid metastasis, to determine whether RCC metastasis to glandular organs only portends a better prognosis compared with other patterns of RCC metastasis. Methods: Patients from Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center (WFBMC) diagnosed with thyroid metastasis from RCC were identified and medical records retrospectively examined. A systematic review of the literature for cases of RCC involving the thyroid gland was also performed. The clinical characteristics of the institutional cohort and the cases from the literature review were compared. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, and overall survival (OS) was summarized using Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: The median OS for the WFBMC cohort was 56.4 months. In the literature review cohort, OS of patients with RCC thyroid metastasis was 213.6 months, and there was no statistically significant survival difference based on the site of metastasis. Median survival after thyroid metastasis from RCC for the WFBMC and literature cohort was 21.6 and 45.6 months, respectively. Conclusions: Metastatic RCC should be included in the differential of a new thyroid mass. Treatment directed at the thyroid metastasis results in prolonged survival in some cases. Further analysis into the genomic differences and mechanisms of thyroid metastasis is warranted.
Subtraction computed tomography imaging to detect endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm sealing with sac anchoring
Authors: Vos Cornelis G , van Veen Ruben , Schuurmann Richte CL , Boersen Johannes T , van den Heuvel Daniel AF , de Vries Jean-Paul PM 
Published: December 2017

Background Early detection of small type I endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm sealing is mandatory because they can rapidly progress and lead to severe complications. Recognition of endoleaks can be challenging due to the appearances on computed tomography unique to endovascular aneurysm sealing. We aimed to validate the accuracy and added value of subtraction computed tomography imaging using a post-processing software algorithm to improve detection of endovascular aneurysm sealing-associated endoleaks on postoperative surveillance imaging. Methods The computed tomography scans of 17 patients (16 males; median age: 78, range: 72–84) who underwent a post-endovascular aneurysm sealing computed tomography including both non-contrast and arterial phase series were used to validate the post processing software algorithm. Subtraction images are produced after segmentation and alignment. Initial alignment of the stent segmentations is automatically performed by registering the geometric centers of the 3D coordinates of both computed tomography series. Accurate alignment is then performed by translation with an iterative closest point algorithm. Accuracy of alignment was determined by calculating the root mean square error between matched 3D coordinates of stent segmentations. Results The median root mean square error after initial center of gravity alignment was 0.62 mm (IQR: 0.55–0.80 mm), which improved to 0.53 mm (IQR: 0.47–0.69 mm) after the ICP alignment. Visual inspection showed good alignment and no manual adjustment was necessary. Conclusions The possible merit of subtraction computed tomography imaging for the detection of small endoleaks during surveillance after endovascular aneurysm sealing was illustrated. Alignment of different computed tomography phases using a software algorithm was very accurate. Further studies are needed to establish the exact role of this technique during surveillance after endovascular aneurysm sealing compared to less invasive techniques like contrast-enhanced ultrasound.
A comparison of early and late treatments on allodynia and its chronification in experimental neuropathic pain
Authors: Salvat Eric , Yalcin Ipek , Muller André , Barrot Michel 
Published: December 2017

Background Surgeries causing nerve injury can result in chronic neuropathic pain, which is clinically managed by using antidepressant or anticonvulsant drugs. Currently, there is a growing interest for investigating preemptive treatments that would prevent this long-term development of neuropathic pain. Our aim was to compare analgesic drugs using two distinct treatment modalities: either treatment onset at surgery time or following a couple of weeks of neuropathic pain. Methods In male C57BL/6J mice, neuropathic pain was induced by cuffing the sciatic nerve, and allodynia was assessed using von Frey filaments. We tested the effect of anticonvulsants (gabapentin 10 mg/kg and carbamazepine 40 mg/kg), antidepressants (desipramine 5 mg/kg, duloxetine 10 mg/kg, and fluoxetine 10 mg/kg), dexamethasone (2 mg/kg), and ketamine (15 mg/kg). Drugs were injected daily or twice a day, starting either at surgery time or on day 25 postsurgery (15 days of treatment for antidepressants and 10 days for other drugs). Results Ketamine was the only effective treatment during the early postsurgical period. Although early anticonvulsant treatment was not immediately effective, it prevented chronification of allodynia. When treatments started at day 25 postsurgery, desipramine, duloxetine, and anticonvulsants suppressed the mechanical allodynia. Conclusions Our data show that allodynia measured in experimental neuropathic pain model likely results from a combination of different processes (early vs. late allodynia) that display different sensitivity to treatments. We also propose that early anticonvulsant treatment with gabapentin or carbamazepine may have a prophylactic effect on the chronification of allodynia following nerve injury.
Comparison of the Source and Quality of Information on the Internet Between Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Australian Experience
Authors: Devitt Brian M. , Hartwig Taylor , Klemm Haydn , Cosic Filip T. , Green James , Webster Kate E. , Feller Julian A. , Baker Joseph F. 
Published: December 2017

Background: The internet is a valuable tool, but concerns exist regarding the quality and accuracy of medical information available online. Purpose: To evaluate the source and quality of information on the internet relating to anterolateral ligament reconstruction (ALLR) compared with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 50 ACLR patients in Australia to determine their use of the internet to research their operation and their familiarity with the anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee. The most common search terms were determined, and the first 70 websites returned by the 5 most popular search engines were used to assess the quality of information about ACLR and ALLR. Each site was categorized by type and was assessed for quality and validity using the DISCERN score, the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, and a novel specific content score for each procedure. The presence of the Health on the Net Code (HONcode) seal was also recorded. Results: The majority (84%) of ACLR patients used the internet to research their operation. The quality of information available for ALLR was significantly inferior to that for ACLR according to the DISCERN score (37.3 ± 3.4 vs 54.4 ± 4.6; P < .0001) and specific content score (5.3 ± 1.3 vs 11.0 ± 1.5; P < .0001). ACLR websites were predominantly physician produced, while the majority of ALLR websites were academic. In contrast to ACLR websites, the majority of ALLR websites did not provide information on the indication for treatment or potential complications. ALLR websites scored better on the JAMA benchmark criteria due to the predominance of academic websites. A greater proportion of ACLR websites (14.6%) versus ALLR websites (2.5%) provided an HONcode seal. Correlation was demonstrated between the DISCERN score and specific content scores for both ACLR and ALLR but not with JAMA benchmark criteria. The specific content score had high reliability for both ACLR and ALLR. Conclusion: The majority of patients undergoing ACLR in Australia used the internet to research the procedure. The quality of information on the internet relating to ALLR was significantly inferior to information about ACLR. Most ALLR websites failed to include crucial information about the indication or options for treatment, prognosis, and potential complications. Surgeons should be aware of the information to which their patients are exposed through the internet and should be proactive in directing patients to appropriate websites.
The interaction of ENL with PAF1 mitigates polycomb silencing and facilitates murine leukemogenesis
Authors: Hetzner Katrin , Garcia-Cuellar Maria-Paz , Büttner Christian , Slany Robert K. 
Published: December 2017

Key Points
The MLL fusion partner ENL engages PAF1 to induce antisilencing H2B ubiquitination. YEATS domain mutations or fusion with MLL increases affinity for PAF1 and transforms hematopoietic cells.
Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Trial of Trifluridine/Tipiracil (TAS-102) Monotherapy in Asian Patients With Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: The TERRA Study
Authors: Xu Jianming , Kim Tae Won , Shen Lin , Sriuranpong Virote , Pan Hongming , Xu Ruihua , Guo Weijian , Han Sae-Won , Liu Tianshu , Park Young Suk , Shi Chunmei , Bai Yuxian , Bi Feng , Ahn Joong Bae , Qin Shukui , Li Qi , Wu Changping , Ma Dong , Lin Donghu , Li Jin 
Published: December 2017

Purpose Trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) was effective in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in a phase II Japanese trial. This regional trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of trifluridine/tipiracil in Asian patients with mCRC with or without exposure to biologic therapy. Patients and Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial was conducted at 30 sites in China, the Republic of Korea, and Thailand. Patients ≥ 18 years old with histologically or cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum and known KRAS status who were refractory or intolerant to two or more prior chemotherapy regimens were enrolled. Eligible patients were randomly assigned (2:1 ratio; minimization method) to receive trifluridine/tipiracil (twice per day orally; 5 days on and 2 days off for 2 weeks, followed by 14 days off per cycle) or placebo. The primary end point was overall survival (intent-to-treat population). Results Between October 16, 2013, and June 15, 2015, 406 patients were randomly assigned to receive trifluridine/tipiracil (n = 271) or placebo (n = 135). Risk of death was significantly lower in the trifluridine/tipiracil arm than in the placebo arm (hazard ratio for death, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.99; log-rank P = .035). Median overall survival was significantly longer in the trifluridine/tipiracil than in the placebo arm (7.8 months [95% CI, 7.1 to 8.8 months] v 7.1 months [95% CI, 5.9 to 8.2 months], respectively), for a median survival follow-up time of 13.8 months (95% CI, 13.1 to 15.3 months) compared with 13.4 months (95% CI, 11.6 to 17.3 months), respectively. The incidence of serious adverse events was similar between the arms (trifluridine/tipiracil, n = 63 [23.2%]; placebo, n = 32 [23.7%]). No treatment-related deaths were reported. Conclusion Trifluridine/tipiracil has a statistically significant survival benefit compared with placebo in Asian patients with mCRC refractory or intolerant to standard chemotherapies, regardless of exposure to biologic therapy. The safety profile is similar to previous reports.
Lokale Wundtherapie eines chronischen therapierefraktären Ulcus cruris venosum mit Omega3-Wundmatrix
Authors: Cyrek A. , Bernheim J. , Juntermanns B. , Paul A. 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungModerne Zusatzbehandlungen zur herkömmlichen Wundtherapie werden häufig notwendig, da ein großer Anteil chronischer Wunden unter der Standardbehandlung nicht vollständig abheilen bzw. auch häufig rezidivieren. Die Omega3-Wundmatrix (Kerecis®) stellt eine alternative Wundauflage dar, die aus der Haut des Kabeljaus durch entsprechende Verfahren wie z.B. die Dezellularisierung gewonnen wird.Wir berichten über eine 86-jährige Patientin, die über schmerzhafte, chronische und rezidivierende Ulzeration im Bereich des rechten Unterschenkels klagte. Vorausgegangen war eine operative Behandlung der venösen Insuffizienz mit Debridement, Vakuumtherapie und Spalthauttransplantation, wonach es im Verlauf zur deutlichen Vergrößerung und Schmerzhaftigkeit der Wunde kam. Nach anschließender lokaler Wundtherapie mit Omega3- Wundmatrix (Kerecis®) kam es zu einer rasch progredienten Wundheilung mit vollständiger Abheilung der Ulzerationen innerhalb von 14 Wochen.
Evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility in wound infections: A pilot study from Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Sushmita , Ahmed Mejbah Uddin , Uddin Bhuiyan Mohammad Mahtab , Ratan Zubair Ahmed , Rajawat Monali , Mehta Varshil , Zaman Sojib Bin 
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Infections due to antibiotic resistant bacteria have increased alarmingly in both developed and developing countries. Unrestrained and rapidly spreading bacterial growth has turned the management of wound infections into a serious challenge. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of different bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility in various types of wound infections.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect 105 wound swabs. All isolated bacteria were identified based on colony characteristics, gram stain and standard biochemical tests, and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) with the disc diffusion method. Descriptive statistics were used to present the study findings, and all analyses were performed using Stata Version 13.Results: The rate of isolation of bacteria was 92.3%.Staphylococcus aureuswas found to be the most frequent isolate (55.7%), followed byEscherichia coli(23.7%),Pseudomonasspp. (8.2%), andStreptococcus pyogenes(7.2%). Gram-positive bacteria were mostly (60%) found sensitive to vancomycin, azithromycin, gentamicin, imipenem, cefixime, and ceftriaxone in this study. Among the Gram-negative bacteria,Escherichia coli(>60%) showed sensitivity to cefixime, azithromycin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, gentamycin, and ceftazidime.Conclusions: The diversity of isolated bacteria and their susceptibility patterns signify a need to implement a proper infection control strategy, which can be achieved by carrying out antibiotic sensitivity tests of the isolates.