bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT REMEDIATION TECHNIQUES AND DOSAGES OF PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER ON SOIL QUALITY AND KLEKAP PRODUCTION IN ACID SULFATE SOIL AFFECTED AQUACULTURE PONDS
Authors: Mustafa Akhmad , Sammut Jesmond 
Published: October 2016

<p>Acid sulfate soils (ASS) contain sufficient pyrite which, when oxidised following excavation for brackishwater aquaculture ponds, will generate acid and mobilise toxic metals. Production in affected ponds can be low due to poor growth of shrimp and fish, mass mortalities of stock and low plankton blooms. The resultant low soil pH can also cause poor klekap production due to the retention of phosphorus associated with elevated concentrations of Fe and Al in the pond soils. A series of experiments was conducted to determine the effects of different soil amelioration techniques and dosage of phosphorus (P) on soil and klekap production under laboratory conditions. The treatments consisted of two factors. The first factor tested was different techniques for ASS improvement (non-improvement, improvement through liming and improvement through remediation involving forced oxidation of pyrite, flooding and flushing of oxidation products). The second factor tested was phosphorus dosages, that is, with phosphorus and without phosphorus-based fertilizer. Each treatment had three replications. The experiment showed that liming and remediation had the same effect on several soil variables; they raised the soi pH (pHF, pHFOX, pHKCl) and decreased SPOS, Fe and Al. Remediation of ASS decreased retention of P and increased available-P of soil, whereas liming did not show a significant effect on retention of P and available-P in the doses used for this experiment. The interaction between the different soil improvement techniques and phosphorus fertilising showed a significant effect on klekap production with the highest klekap production of 23.21 mg/cm2 found in remediated soil and with a phosphorus fertiliser dosage of 75 kg/ha.</p>
THE EFFECTS OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE AND TYPES OF MEDIA ON THE SURVIVAL RATE OF S. agalactiae BACTERIOPHAGE
Authors: Lusiastuti Angela Mariana , Sumiati Tuti , Priadi Adin 
Published: October 2016

The successful effect of phages in phage therapy has been proven by an increase of the presence of phages in survivors. Seven previously isolated phages were used to examine the effects of storage temperature and types of media on their survival rate. Phages PSaT-18, PSaT-19, PSaT-20 and PSaT-21 isolated from a Streptococcosis-infected Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were used in this study. Phages PSaG-1, PSaG-2 and PSaG-3 were isolated from a diseased Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy). All of the phages were stored in refrigerator at temperature of 8oC and kept in two types of media, Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB) and BHIB enriched with glycerol. To determine the lytic activity of the phages, 20 μL of each phage suspension was poured onto BHIA plate and incubated at 25oC for 24 to 48 hours. The result showed that phages PSaT-18, PSaT-19, PSaT-20 and PSaT-21 have lytic activity against S. agalactiae and S. iniae than phages PSaG-1, PSaG-2, and PSaG-3. Phages PSaT-18, PSaT-19, PSaT-20, and PSaT-21 always survived up to three weeks and phage PSaT-18 in BHIB have the highest potential as a candidate of phage therapy for Streptococcosis.
MENJADIKAN PERIKANAN BUDIDAYA SEBAGAI INKUBATOR BISNIS MANDIRI: PELAJARAN BERHARGA DARI TAIWAN
Authors: Nugroho Estu 
Published: October 2016

Keberhasilan Taiwan dalam bidang budidaya perikanan merupakan suatu hal yang dapat dijadikan contoh pembelajaran dalam pengembangan budidaya di Indonesia, dengan penyesuaian keadaan di Indonesia. Pada prinsipnya keberhasilan Taiwan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, di antaranya adalah: kejelian dalam memilih komoditas, kesuksesan penerapan teknologi tepat guna serta peranan yang kuat dari pemerintah, perguruan tinggi, dan asosiasi dalam bidang perikanan. Komoditas yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang tinggi menjadi acuan pengembangan produk khususnya ekspor. Teknologi dengan memanfaatkan bahan baku serta sumberdaya alam yang ada di daerah setempat merupakan andalan pembudidaya dalam menaikkan produktivitas melalui penyediaan air yang berkualitas, pakan yang ramah lingkungan, benih yang berkualitas serta penggunaan bahan herbal untuk kekebalan. Penyediaan infrastruktur sarana dan prasarana, penyediaan dana yang mudah dan murah serta jalur transfer teknologi yang jelas mempunyai peranan yang penting.
In Vitro Fertilization Outcome After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection with Fresh and with Frozen-Thawed Epididymal Spermatozoa
Authors: Lubis Hilma Putri 
Published: October 2016

<p><strong>Introduction</strong></p><p>Testicular epididymal sperm aspiration (TESA) is one of the method to retrieve sperm from the testes in men with azoospermia. The aim of the study is to compare the In vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-ET cycles with fresh testicular epididymal spermatozoa obtained on the same day with oocyte retrieval and with frozen-thawed testicular epididymal spermatozoa.</p><p><strong>Material &amp; Methods</strong></p><p>A retrospective comparative analysis of patients who underwent fresh TESA and frozen-thawed TESA in ICSI-ET cycles from January 2012 to December 2014 in Halim Fertility Center was done. Fresh testicular epididymal sperm aspiration (fresh TESA) was performed on the same day with oocyte retrieval in 28 cycles and the frozen-thawed testicular epididymal sperm aspiration (frozen-thawed TESA) was used in 30 cycles. </p><p><strong>Results</strong></p><p>The two groups were comparable in terms of the ages of male and female patients, etiology of infertility and duration of infertility. Fertilization rates in fresh TESA group were 53,5% and in frozen-thawed TESA group, fertilization rates were 50%. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Clinical pregnancy rates in fresh TESA group were 35,7% and in frozen-thawed TESA group, clinical pregnancy rates were 26,7% and statistically there was no significant difference between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>There is no significant difference in the in vitro fertilization outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-ET cycles between fresh TESA and frozen-thawed TESA .
Correlation between Follicular Fluid’s Androgen Level and Fertilization Rate in Poor Responder Patients Undergone IVF: A Prospective Cohort Done in Yasmin IVF Clinic, Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Wiweko Budi 
Published: October 2016

<p><strong>Introduction </strong>Androstenedione (A4), testosterone (T), and dehidroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are known to be involved in folliculogenesis and follicular maturity. Lower follicular androgen levels in poor responder due to malfunctioned granulosa and theca cells and decreased inhibin B production will decrease FSH and LH. However, androgenic follicular fluid might also induce follicular atresia, decreased oocytes viability, thus affecting fertilization. The aim of current study is to find the correlation between intra-follicular androgen levels and fertilization rate, specifically in poor responder whom contributed in 84% cancelled cycle.</p><p><strong>Material and Methods </strong>This prospective cohort study was done at Yasmin IVF Clinic, Jakarta, Indonesia, in January 2014-March 2015. Infertile women undergone IVF were asked to participate, grouped into poor responder and other, and the androgen levels in the follicular fluid of each consenting patients were measured.</p><p class="DecimalAligned"><strong>Results </strong>From total 62 patients, aged 23-47 years old (37.6±5,068), there were 21 poor responders, whereas the other 41 patients with other indication. In poor responder group, levels of androstenedione, testosterone, and DHEA were 50.8 – 272.3 (103.5 ± 59.9), 383.2 – 1747.9 (1114.4 ± 373.2), 11.3 – 454.8 (151.3 ± 96.8), whereas in other group the androgen levels were 44.3 – 326.8 (95.1 ± 61.2), 414.1 – 1463.7 (976.9 ± 258.4), 44.6 – 265.8 (132.7 ± 61.3) with the correlation with fertilization rate 0.609, 0.095, and 0.361 respectively.</p><p class="DecimalAligned"> </p><p><strong>Conclusion </strong>Correlation between follicular androgen levels and fertilization rate found to be not significantly different. The low number of subjects might cause this result, as well as the presence of bias, e.g.male factor and endometriosis might also affect fertilization. A multi-center study with larger sample size added with thorough analysis is needed to reconfirm current data.</p>
"Vaguely Right or Precisely Wrong?": Making Probabilistic Cost, Time, and Performance Estimates for Bluefields Appraisal
Authors: Surovtsev Dmitry , Sungurov Anton 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
We conducted a practical case study that aims at estimating the shapes and parameters of probability distributions for key cost, time and activity performance inputs required by a risk, resource, and value simulator to conduct a stochastic valuation of a new exploration asset.
We analyzed a sample of 73 shallow offshore fields in Australia retrieved from a global field-by-field database that includes reserves, production profiles, financials, valuation, breakeven prices, ownership and other key metrics for global oil and gas fields, discoveries and exploration licenses.
The reviewed facilities concepts includes 40 steel platforms, 2 concrete gravity-based developments, 10 projects with extended reach drilling, 4 FPSO, and 17 subsea tie-backs. The aggregate CAPEX of projects in the sample over 1965–2015 is USD 99.1 billion (in nominal terms), which is commensurate with the total asset size of the Australian offshore petroleum industry.
We estimate probability distributions for all full-cycle parameters required to generate Monte Carlo CAPEX, OPEX, and production profiles. In particular, these include facility CAPEX per unit peak, development phase duration and scheduling rules, drilling expenditures per barrel of oil equivalent, cost of exploration and appraisal wells, OPEX-to-CAPEX ratio, abandonment cost ratio, fraction of hydrocarbons produced yearly at plateau, fraction of hydrocarbons remaining at end-of-plateau, terminal production rate, and fraction pre-drilled wells. Most of the above were found to be log-normally distributed.
The paper presents a simple yet robust workflow relying on real industry data that enabled assessing value, risks, and uncertainties of upstream assets at exploration and early appraisal stages. It can be seamlessly extended to other basins owing to a rich coverage of the online field analogs database.
The ultimate outcome of the study—a probabilistic value assessment of new exploration asset—represents a modern appraisal methodology relying on a corporation-wide software platform.
A Novel Strategy for Restoring the Well Integrity by Curing High Annulus-B Pressure and Zonal Communication
Authors: Ansari Arsalan A. , Ringrose David , Libdi Ziad , Larsen Arne G. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The petroleum industry is performing extensive research into rectifying structural well integrity issues, mainly caused by migration of hydrocarbon fluids to surface through microchannels, due to poor cementation, resulting in the inability to provide integral barriers in the 9⅝″ casing × 12¼″ hole annulus. As a consequence, the well life can be extended and the older wells can be restored back to production and injection, resulting in long term fulfilling of the increasing global demand for additional energy requirement. Annulus-B Remediation using HydraWell Technology is one of the innovative approaches that can be utilized in wells to provide strong integral cement barriers behind the 9⅝″ production casing to prevent reservoir fluids migrating to surface. This approach is gaining increased popularity due to a number of economic and environmental advantages such as restoring the well production/injection with minimum workover costs and risk due to less complex operations, mitigate environmental concerns by avoiding excessive steel cuttings like section milling and eliminating the complexity associated to re-entry risk as incase of section milling.
The research utilizes a novel technology to execute a repair of wells with failed Annulus-B barrier integrity by providing integral cement barriers in the 9⅝″ × 13⅜″ casing annulus above the reservoir for wells experiencing migration of hydrocarbons from reservoir through the 9⅝″ × 13⅜″ casing annulus. The planned methodology starts with completion recovery followed by running noise, temperature and cement bond logs in order to evaluate the cement quality behind 9⅝" casing above the reservoir.
Findings from the noise/temperature logs and oil sample evaluation indicated that oil is migrating from the reservoir, through 9⅝″ × 13⅜″ casing annulus, dripping at surface through the 30″ conductor pipe. The cement bond logs indicate poor cement behind 9⅝″ casing above the reservoir. Therefore, Remediation technology was successfully utilized as it delivers effective jet washing and subsequent cleaning of the annular space using specialized tools and thereafter spraying cement to create a 100-feet competent cement barrier behind the casings for effective isolation and the prevention of pressure communication to the surface via Annulus-B. Furthermore, a 7″ short tie-back was installed over the perforated cemented interval. Hence, the 9⅝" casing was re-established as a well barrier element in the well, allowing the injection rate for the well to be restored.
This strategy may be developed as a very cost effective technology as it saves the operator approximately 5-8 days per well with associated significant CAPEX and OPEX savings by avoiding additional costs associated with complexity of operations in section milling. It is feasible to be applied in offshore wells requiring remediation of failed Annulus-B integrity with reduced rig time and the associated costs with minimum environmental risk.
Evaluation of Natural Fracturing to Develop Induced Fracturing Methods Best Suited for Low-Permeability Reservoirs
Authors: Maganov N. U. , Khisamov R. S. , Bazarevskaya V. G. , Podavalov V. B. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Main fields in the Republic of Tatarstan have entered the closing stage of development characterized by high extent of reserves depletion (86 % of OOIP) and increase of the share of unconventionsl hard-to-recover reserves (from 33 % to 80 %). A considerable portion of PJSC TATNEFT’s unconventional reserves (36 %) is found, primarily, in carbonate and carbonate-silicious (shale) low porosity/permeability or fractured reservoirs, which are very challenging targets. In this light, study of low-permeability and porous reservoirs has recently acquired a prime importance. Comprehensive studies are needed to understand stress and strain properties of reservoir rocks in challenging geomechanical in-situ conditions.
To understand fracturing pattern of carbonate reservoirs in Tatarstan, the Company has been employing different survey methods, including aerial and space imagery, side-view seismic location (SVSL), offset vertical seismic profiling, tracer surveys, core analysis, including oriented and quick capture cores, 3D CDP seismic survey. Particular attention has been given to analyses of drilling troubles and vertical and horizontal wells’ performance. The results obtained make it possible to select optimal orientations of horizontal wellbores with a view to maximize future production.
This paper presents the Bavlinskoye oil field case study. Recommendations on downhole surveys are presented, as well as guidelines to select an optimal orientation of a horizontal wellbore in fractured reservoirs.
TAML-5 Intelligent ERD Offshore Well: A Case Story of Successful Application in the North Caspian
Authors: Ruzhnikov Alexey , Latypov Artur , Dubovik Alexander , Zvyagin Vasily 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The TAML-5 intelligent extended reach drilling (ERD) offshore well was the first of this type in the North Caspian Sea. The initial preparation and detailed follow up allowed to complete the well in a timely manner, without non-productive time and without deviation from the plan. This paper discusses the methodology used to prepare for the well construction process including the thought process, risk management, contingency planning, challenges faced, engineering and management solutions, results obtained and lesson learned.
To ensure an adequate level of readiness, the preparation started early in advance. The process included global offset analysis of similar wells from around the world. Then in depth engineering study of every operation was performed by splitting all activities in subtasks and reviewing all details. This resulted in strategy for well integrity and contingency plans for every operation and tracking of equipment and tools from the factory to the rig. To ensure the consistency of all phases, a multidisciplinary team was set up and followed the well from beginning to end.
The detailed operational procedures led to a deep understanding of the process by all involved parties. This was a vital part of the process when initial plans had to be changed and re-worked. While, it was not possible to simply implement the results of the large offset analysis, it provided a solid engineering basis for all decisions taken. Even though the contingency plans were not used on this specific well, the post job analysis showed that it is necessary to keep the same level, or even higher, of contingency planning for future wells.
The output from this paper is the thought processand the actual methodology, including the special aspects that needed to be taken into account for the proper preparation and execution of a trouble free TAML-5 ERD well. The methodology can be implemented in any field worldwide, specially on multilateral wells with high-level completions.
Successful Application of In-Situ Time-Delayed Non-Aqueous Drilling Fluid Filter Cake Removal System Offshore Caspian Sea
Authors: Khalilov Ruslan , Salimov Azar , Samarskiy Alexey , Kharitonov Andrey 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
A major national oil company in the Republic of Azerbaijan began drilling and production in a new field where it had little previous offset knowledge. The service company contracted by the operator recommended the use of an oil-based drilling fluids system to significantly reduce operational risks and costs based on its 5 years of experience in the region. Central to all field developments is the challenge of maximizing production. Here, this was addressed through a technical process using a sequence of steps for laboratory testing, risk assessments, and design of service. As a result, the operator approved the use of the non-aqueous reservoir drill-in fluid system and an in-situ time-delayed breaker system (ISTDBS) treatment for all future wells in the field.
After running standalone screens, the operator's wells were displaced with 1.67-specific gravity (SG) CaBr2 brine, and operations were performed to spot the ISTDBS to remove the filter cake deposited by the drill-in fluid and thus maximize productivity. The ISTDBS consists of the following components: carrier fluid (brine), spacer (viscosified), surfactant/solvent, pH-control chemical, shale stabilizer, and filter-cake removal agent (acid precursor). The challenge of using breaker technology for non-aqueous filter cake removal is the efficiency of the surfactant and acid hydrolysis to work in tandem. Laboratory testing protocols were used for validation of the treatment.
In total, six treatments have been performed successfully to-date, showing a 35% increase in the operator's productivity index (PI) from that predicted for wells treated with the ISTDBS. Compared to previously drilled offset wells in the field, the rate of production for the first well treated with the ISTDBS showed a 6.8 fold increase.
Hybrid High Dogleg Rotary Steerable System: New Approach for Through-Tubing Rotary Drilling and Deep Kick-Off wells in the Gullfaks Field, North Sea
Authors: Nadezhdin M. , Koberg U. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The goal for TTRD wells and deep kick-off sidetrack wells is to reach the pay zone with one single section. A geological target is often located at a significant distance from the kick-off point, demanding a well path profile with a medium/high radius curve followed by an extended horizontal section. In the past a two run strategy was considered to be the right choice for similar well profiles in Gullfaks field: a motor BHA was used to drill the curve, and a rotary steerable system to drill the horizontal interval. Introduction of the new high dogleg rotary steerable system made it possible to apply the benefits of continuous rotation (faster drilling, smooth wellbores with full directional control and better hole cleaning) to trajectories previously only drillable by downhole mud motors due to high dogleg requirements. The paper describes a new approach for drilling challenging highly deviated reentry wells in one run on example of a one particular TTRD well drilled in North Sea.
Experimental Studies and Analysis of Gas-Jet Device's Operation Characteristics for Oil and Gas Production in Abnormal Operating Conditions
Authors: Fedorov Aleksei E. , Verbitsky Vladimir S. , Goridko Kirill A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Nowadays one of the most actual issues in oil & gas production on the fields is increasing of workover interval, especially in conditions of underdeveloped infrastructure of petroleum objects.
In this paper the gas-jet technologies of the well reactivation and the well operation in abnormal operational conditions are proposed to solve actual problems of hydrocarbons (HC) production. This method is proposed as alternative of traditional jet pump (JP) technology.
Analysis of current theories and practices of jet device (JD) application illustrated that today the least researched JD are JD for ejection passive fluid by power high pressure gas. They are named gas-jet devices (GJD). In this connection experimental studies of GJD were carried out.
In this paper the results of complex experimental studies of gas-jet gas devices (GJGD) and two-phase gas-jet liquid devices (GJLD) and summarized characteristics of their work are described.
As result of theoretical analysis and experimental studies optimal design of sonic GJD with the cylindrical throat depending on the type of passive stream was determined. Also influence of passive and power fluid on characteristics of GJD work was studied.
Based on high volume of experimental studies results the procedure of GJD calculation for specific technological conditions was created. Moreover the technological schemes of optimization of gaslift wells on the Eastern Area of Orenburg Oil-Gas Condensate Field (EA OOGCF) and reactivation and operation of water-flooded gas wells by using wellhead and downhole GJD were proposed.