bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cidades sustentáveis na APA da Serra de Baturité, Ceará: uma estratégia viável?
Authors: Silva Francisco Edmar de Sousa , Cavalcante Arnóbio De Mendonça Barreto , Bastos Frederico De Holanda 
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo é parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla de doutorado e tem como objetivo discutir possíveis estratégias para o avanço da sustentabilidade dos processos de uso e ocupação na APA da Serra de Baturité. Será apresentada a dinâmica urbana dos municípios que compõem a referida unidade de conservação e realizado o debate acerca do conceito de cidades sustentáveis e de sua importância na conservação do ecossistema natural presente na área de estudo.
Aspectos históricos relacionados à adoção de práticas agroecológicas: análise retrospectiva no Oeste maranhense
Authors: Couto Xoán Carlos Sánchez , Alves Lívia De Freitas Navegantes 
Published: November 2016

As transformações técnicas dos sistemas de produção originam-se nas decisões dos agricultores. Porém ainda não são bem entendidos os elementos considerados pelos agricultores para decidir pela adesão às práticas agroecológicas. Neste trabalho, buscamos compreender as motivações dos agricultores familiares do Oeste maranhense para fazeremvsuas escolhas produtivas e tecnológicas, entendendo que fatores históricos foram decisivos para a diferenciação dos sistemas de produção, que fizeram com que alguns tivessem possibilidade de aderir às práticas agroecológicas e outros não. Através da análise retrospectiva, identificamos dois vetores de transformação que contribuem para que os agricultores deem respostas diferentes às mesmas influências. Variáveis externas, como disponibilidade de crédito, capacitação e agroindústrias; e decisões familiares, como beneficiar localmente a produção, introduzir gado ou culturas permanentes, influenciam no percurso dessas propriedades. Quando se criam grupos de interesse em agroecologia, cria-se um ambiente em que os camponeses sentem-se mais confiantes para testarem as práticas agroecológicas propostas.
Poder local e condições de sua renovação na Amazônia
Authors: Teisserenc Pierre Guilhem Marie-Joseph 
Published: November 2016

Neste artigo são abordadas, sob a perspectiva de uma sociologia empírica do poder, as condições de renovação da estrutura política local na Amazônia brasileira. A partir das experiências de mobilização antes e depois da criação de Resex e de territórios quilombolas, acompanhadas por pesquisas na Ilha do Marajó e no litoral nordeste do estado do Pará nos últimos cinco anos, foi identificada a pertinência da análise sobre as dinâmicas locais de poder, impactadas pela aplicação de instrumentos de política pública geradores de processos de territorialização norteados pelas ideias de desenvolvimento sustentável e garantia de direitos específicos. No âmbito da problemática das mudanças na conformação de um poder local caracterizado pela existência de redes de interações que são, ao mesmo tempo, redes de influência entre os políticos locais e os cidadãos, o objetivo consiste em fazer um balanço e esboçar uma primeira hipótese sobre as relações e confrontos entre as formas tradicionais de exercício do poder, mobilização e inovações institucionais nas estratégias de participação e tomadas de decisão vinculadas a processos de ação pública territorial na Amazônia, nos quais as Resex e os territórios quilombolas são fundamentais.
O crédito fundiário e a linha Nossa Primeira Terra em debate no Brasil
Authors: Barcellos Sérgio Botton 
Published: November 2016

A partir desse trabalho o objetivo é analisar o processo de configuração da política pública de crédito fundiário e o seu recorte para a juventude rural no Brasil. Desse modo, será problematizado como o Programa Nacional de Crédito Fundiário (PNCF) na linha Nossa Primeira Terra (NPT) foi sendo configurado ao longo do seu processo de (re) formulação e debates no governo federal e com as organizações e movimentos sociais em juventude rural. Assim, ao resgatar esse processo e observar os debates sobre a linha NPT do PNCF ao longo do tempo, com maior atenção aos últimos 10 anos, foi possível evidenciar as relações de interdependência entre os atores na formulação dessa política e analisar as questões que influenciam na configuração política dessa linha junto ao Programa.
Chine - Brésil: je t’aime, moi non plus
Authors: Salama Pierre 
Published: November 2016

Le succès économique de la Chine faitil le malheur économique du Brésil, ou bien faut-il chercher ailleurs les causes de la détresse dans laquelle s’enfonce aujourd’hui le Brésil? fait penser à la «maladie hollandaise». La voie pour sortir du piège rentier est étroite mais elle existe. Les gouvernements brésiliens ont préféré ne pas l’emprunter, persuadés que la hausse du cours des matières premières allait se poursuivre et qu’elle permettrait, sans faire des réformes structurelles de mener une politique visant à réduire les inégalités salariales, de diminuer la pauvreté en laissant les 1% les plus riches s’enrichir davantage, sans se préoccuper de la perte compétitivité. Les relations asymétriques, croissantes, avec la Chine ont permis la crise mais ne l’ont pas créée.
Variety of habitats associated with common juniper (Juniperus communis L.) growing in Lithuania
Authors: Vilčinskas Ramūnas , Marozas Vitas , Jocienė Lina , Kupčinskienė Eugenija 
Published: November 2016

Common juniper (Juniperus communis L.) is an important conifer from the ecological and economical point of view. In some areas of the distribution range, it is a widely studied species. Up till now insufficient attention has been paid to junipers growing in the Baltic countries where it is one of three natural conifers and important forest tree species. Recently, molecular markers-based diversity of Lithuanian populations of J. communis was determined, although related biological and ecological variables remain undisclosed. The present study is aimed at the evaluation of biotic and abiotic environment of J. communis according to plant species composition. Fourteen sites with J. communis were selected in the territory of Lithuania. At each site undergrowth trees and shrubs, herbaceous species, dwarf shrubs, and mosses were recorded and the abundance of each species was evaluated. Abiotic environment characteristics were obtained using Ellenberg’s indicator values (EIV) of the plant species neighbouring junipers. In the sites with J. communis, 80 species of herbs and dwarf shrubs belonging to 18 families were registered. The largest variety of herbaceous species and dwarf shrubs (18–22 per site) was registered for sites representing xero-thermophile fringes. Species coverage data recorded in the sites in most cases allowed to group sites according to their habitats. Despite rather small territory of the present survey (latitude (N) 56°07’–54°11’, longitude (E) 21°06’–26°30’), the ranges of indexes for environment factors of juniper sites were rather wide: 6.0–7.3 for light, 3.0–5.8 for temperature, 3.7–5.3 for continentality, 4.2–7.8 for soil moisture, 2.7–7.4 for soil reaction, and 2.7–4.4 for soil nitrogen. Among the sites selected by us, the most contrasting in terms of EIV were locations representing coastal brown dunes covered with natural Scots pine forests and xero-thermophile fringes.
Genetic diversity of Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo in the eastern Baltic region
Authors: Butkauskas Dalius , Chaika Kristina , Švažas Saulius , Grishanov Gennady , Paulauskas Algimantas , Pūtys Žilvinas 
Published: November 2016

A rapid expansion of the continental subspecies of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) has been recorded in Europe since the 1980s. Evaluation of genetic variability of the Great Cormorant using molecular markers is necessary for investigation of the mechanisms of formation of the newly established breeding populations in the eastern Baltic region (in the Kaliningrad region of Russia and in Lithuania). The samples for molecular investigation were collected in the largest breeding colonies of Great Cormorants located on the coast of the Curonian Lagoon of the Baltic Sea and in their smaller, later formed breeding colonies located in the continental part of Lithuania. After sequencing and alignment of partial fragments of mtDNA control region, 21 different haplotypes, including 8 new haplotypes never identified before, and 13 haplotypes described earlier were found. They were distributed with different frequency in different sampling sites. The haplotype network constructed using 342 bp D-loop sequences identified during the current study and all available sequences of Great Cormorants deposited in GenBank by previous investigators revealed haplotypes attributed to subspecies P. c. sinensis being distinguished from haplotypes of subspecies P. c. carbo in the separate part of haplotype network. The newly described haplotypes did not form a phylogenetically uniform group indicating possible colonization of the Kaliningrad region and the continental part of Lithuania by individuals descending from the largest breeding colonies spread at the coast zone of the Baltic Sea. A high level of genetic population diversity in different breeding colonies recorded in the Kaliningrad region and in eastern Lithuania confirms the formation of a highly variable and well-adapted population of the Great Cormorant participating in the process of colonization of new breeding areas in the Baltic region.
A new host of Clavella alata Brian, 1909 (Siphonostomatoida; Lernaeopodidae) from Turkish seas
Authors: Alaş Ali , Öktener Ahmet , Türker Dilek 
Published: November 2016

Clavella alata Brian, 1909 (Siphonostomatoida; Lernaeopodidae) was reported on Phycis blennoides (Brünnich, 1768) in Turkey. Phycis blennoides (Gadiformes; Phycidae) is a new host for Clavella alata in Turkey. Also, some of the morphological characteristics of this parasitic copepod are given in photographs and drawings.
Effect of environmental factors on the compounds of the essential oil of Lippia citriodora
Authors: Amini Fariba , Asghari Gholam Reza , Talebi Seyed Mehdi , Askary Mehry , Shahbazi Marziyeh 
Published: November 2016

Lippia citriodora is a member of the genus Lippia. The species is endemic to South America, while it is cultivated in the world for the lemon-like aroma emitted by its leaves. In the present study the effects of different NaCl as well as 24-epibrassinolide concentrations in the essential oil composition were investigated. In total, eleven treatments were studied. The major essential oil components in control plants were: Geranial (22.52%), Citral (15.88%) Germacrene D (7.42%), Caryophyllene (7.11%), Benzenamine (6.30%), Spathulenol (6.00%) and Curcumene (5.44%). Significant positive/negative correlations occurred between some components with salt concentration. Paired sample tests showed significant differences between major components of an essential oil with salt as well as with 24-epibrassinolide concentrations.
Systematizing Public Education in Archaeology
Authors: King Eleanor M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPublic education in archaeology today is at a crossroads. Over the last 30 years, it has grown exponentially and is now widely recognized as one of the most effective ways to preserve the past for the future. However, it remains a loose conglomeration of approaches lacking coherence and consistency. There is little discussion of the best practices to use in specific situations and little assessment of effectiveness. One result is that practitioners often reinvent the wheel; another is that we are not reaching the diverse audiences we need to engage to assure archaeology’s future. As a profession, we are losing ground to the continued encroachment of looting and vandalism—the very activities education seeks to forestall. We can either keep doing what we are doing and hope for the best, or we can begin to systematize our efforts. This article introduces a special issue of Advances in Archaeological Practice dedicated to systematizing public education in archaeology by contextualizing and assessing contemporary practices. The article provides a framework for thinking about the issues and proposes solutions, while discussing the contributions of the issue’s authors. Its purpose is to initiate discussion, not to provide the final word on the problem.
Archaeology Fairs and Community-Based Approaches to Heritage Education
Authors: Thomas Ben , Langlitz Meredith Anderson 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSince hosting its first archaeology fair in 2001, the Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) has organized 23 more fairs and informed thousands of people through this popular outreach activity. The AIA fair model brings together independent archaeological organizations representing a rich array of archaeological subfields to present their programs and resources to a local community in an interactive and engaging manner. The goals of AIA archaeology fairs are to promote a greater public understanding of archaeology, raise awareness of local archaeological resources, and bring together proximate archaeological groups with a shared outreach goal. In this article, the authors discuss how the AIA fair model was developed through feedback cycles that include evaluation, data analysis, reflection, and trial and error; how it evolved; and how it is spreading to other groups around the world. To date, 26 AIA local societies have hosted fairs, and the popularity of this program as an outreach event is increasing among other archaeological groups across the United States, as well as in Belize, Canada, Colombia, the Czech Republic, Iran, and Myanmar. This growth in popularity and implementation presents us with unique opportunities to collect and reflect upon data essential to conducting archaeological outreach around the globe.
Creating Collaborative Learning Opportunities for Indigenous Youth with Archaeology-Based Environmental Education
Authors: Reetz Elizabeth , Quackenbush William 
Published: November 2016

AbstractArchaeologists are in a unique position to promote heritage and preservation through environmental education, the fundamentals of which have overlapping and parallel themes in archaeology education and outreach. Recently, successful community-based collaborative research and archaeology fieldwork initiatives between archaeologists and Native American/First Nations communities have prompted tribal leaders to pursue ways for youth in their communities to engage in contemporary cultural and natural resources work, thus inspiring future stewardship and introducing youth to professional pathways. With the guidance of archaeologists and tribal community educators, youth can participate in authentic, hands-on archaeological activities that place them into the roles of scientists and researchers and allow them to interpret their own archaeological heritage. A July 2015 partnership between archaeologists and the Ho-Chunk Nation in Wisconsin provided a place-based archaeological learning experience at a site area that was personally relevant to the student participants. A solid and collaborative planning process between archaeologists and tribal staff contributed to a successful workshop where all parties met their goals of strengthening partnerships and providing an enriching experience for the students. The integration of science-based archaeology with a traditional cultural learning environment provided a comfortable setting that resulted in noticeable engagement and enthusiasm.
Archaeology and the Common Core
Authors: Ducady Geralyn , Lefas-Tetenes Mariani , Sharpe Sarah , Rothenberg Miriam A. W. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMuseum educators and graduate students at Brown University’s Haffenreffer Museum of Anthropology and the Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology and the Ancient World, along with the RISD Museum at the Rhode Island School of Design, are entering their eighth year of partnering with sixth-grade social studies teachers in Providence Public Schools in a five-session classroom and museumbased archaeology program called Think Like an Archaeologist. This experiential program uses the study of archaeological methods to address state and national social studies standards and bridges social studies content with the literacy standards of Common Core State Standards (CCSS) that aim at moving students toward twenty-first-century skill building. Students not only understand the science behind the content in their textbooks but also learn how to use museum objects and archaeological artifacts as primary resources. Students also learn to “read” artifacts, express their ideas in spoken and written language as historians, and use academic vocabulary as required by CCSS while thinking like archaeologists. Through teacher feedback and student evaluations, we know this program to be a successful example of the benefits of teaching archaeological skills in middle school curricula—so much so that it has now been re-created at additional schools in other regions.
Multidecadal increases in the Yukon River Basin of chemical fluxes as indicators of changing flowpaths, groundwater, and permafrost
Authors: Toohey R. C. , Herman‐Mercer N. M. , Schuster P. F. , Mutter E. A. , Koch J. C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Yukon River Basin, underlain by discontinuous permafrost, has experienced a warming climate over the last century that has altered air temperature, precipitation, and permafrost. We investigated a water chemistry database from 1982 to 2014 for the Yukon River and its major tributary, the Tanana River. Significant increases of Ca, Mg, and Na annual flux were found in both rivers. Additionally, SO4 and P annual flux increased in the Yukon River. No annual trends were observed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from 2001 to 2014. In the Yukon River, Mg and SO4 flux increased throughout the year, while some of the most positive trends for Ca, Mg, Na, SO4, and P flux occurred during the fall and winter months. Both rivers exhibited positive monthly DOC flux trends for summer (Yukon River) and winter (Tanana River). These trends suggest increased active layer expansion, weathering, and sulfide oxidation due to permafrost degradation throughout the Yukon River Basin.
Development of a facile and sensitive HPLC‐FLD method via fluorescence labeling for triterpenic acid bioavailability investigation
Authors: You Jinmao , Wu Di , Zhao Mei , Li Guoliang , Gong Peiwei , Wu Yueyue , Guo Yu , Chen Guang , Zhao Xianen , Sun Zhiwei , Xia Lian , Wu Yongning 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTriterpenic acids are widely distributed in many fruits and are known for their medicinal benefits. The study of bioavailability has been an important task for a better understanding of the triterpenic acids. Although many methods based on fluorescence labeling for triterpenic acid determination have been established, these reported methods needed anhydrous conditions, which are not suitable for the convenient study of triterpenic acid bioavailability. Inspired by that, a versatile method, which overcomes the difficulty of the reported methods, has been first developed in this study. The novel method using 2‐[12‐benzo[b]acridin‐5‐ (12H)‐yl]‐acetohydrazide (BAAH) as the fluorescence labeling reagent coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was first developed for the study of triterpenic acid bioavailability. Furthermore, the labeling conditions have been optimized in order to achieve the best fluorescence labeling yield. Under the optimal conditions, the quantitative linear range of analytes was 2–1000 ng mL−1, and the correlation coefficients were >0.9998. The detection limits for all triterpenic acid derivatives were achieved within the range of 0.28–0.29 ng mL−1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the study of triterpenic acid bioavailability with excellent applicability and good reproducibility.
NiI Catalyzes the Regioselective Cross‐Coupling of Alkylzinc Halides and Propargyl Bromides to Allenes
Authors: Soler‐Yanes Rita , Arribas‐Álvarez Iván , Guisán‐Ceinos Manuel , Buñuel Elena , Cárdenas Diego J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe describe the unprecedented formation of allenes by Ni‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of propargyl bromides with alkylzinc halides. The reaction regioselectivity is complementary to the previously reported formation of propargyl‐coupled compounds. Experiments support the formation of NiI complexes as the active species and the participation of radical intermediates. Kinetic studies showed that the reaction is first order with respect to the electrophile, zero‐order with respect to the nucleophile (fast transmetalation), and one‐half order with respect to the metal catalyst. Mechanistic studies support a bimetallic NiI‐based pathway that involves fast homolytic cleavage of the C−Br bond by an alkyl–NiI complex, followed by radical coordination to NiI that determines the observed regioselectivity.
The Uranium(VI) Oxoazides [UO2(N3)2⋅CH3CN], [(bipy)2(UO2)2(N3)4], [(bipy)UO2(N3)3]−, [UO2(N3)4]2−, and [(UO2)2(N3)8]4−
Authors: Haiges Ralf , Vasiliu Monica , Dixon David A. , Christe Karl O. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe reaction between [UO2F2] and an excess of Me3SiN3 in acetonitrile solution results in fluoride–azide exchange and the uranium(VI) dioxodiazide adduct [UO2(N3)2⋅CH3CN] was isolated in quantitative yield. The subsequent reaction of [UO2(N3)2⋅CH3CN] with 2,2′‐bipyridine (bipy) resulted in the formation of the azido‐bridged binuclear complex [(bipy)2(UO2)2(N3)4]. The triazido anion [(bipy)UO2(N3)3]− was obtained by the reaction of [UO2(N3)2⋅CH3CN] with stoichiometric amounts of bipy and the ionic azide [PPh4][N3]. The reaction of [UO2(N3)2] with two equivalents of the [PPh4][N3] resulted in the formation of the mononuclear tetraazido anion [UO2(N3)4]2− as well as the azido‐bridged binuclear anion [(UO2)2(N3)8]4−. The novel uranium oxoazides were characterized by their vibrational spectra and in the case of [(bipy)2(UO2)2(N3)4]⋅CH3CN, [PPh4][(bipy)UO2(N3)3], [PPh4]2[UO2(N3)4], [PPh4]2[UO2(N3)4]⋅2CH3CN, and [PPh4]4[(UO2)2(N3)8]⋅4CH3CN by their X‐ray crystal structures.
Facile Synthesis of 7‐epi‐Taxane and Its Derivatives and Preliminary Evaluation of Anticancer Activity
Authors: Li Zhao , Feng Jia , Zou Kun , Yang Zhuo , Zhang Yong , Xu Zhijian , Li Bo , Shi Jiye , Li Yiming , Zhu Weiliang , Chen Kaixian 
Published: November 2016

Abstract7‐epi‐Taxane has been achieved efficiently in gram scale from natural taxane via inversion of the 7‐hydroxyl group simply using Ag2O as catalyst and DMF as solvent. The catalyst could be quantitatively recovered by filtration without loss of catalytic activity. This condition is also applicable to the direct epimerization of taxane derivatives (e.g., docetaxel and paclitaxel) to 7‐epi‐taxane derivatives (e.g., 7‐epi‐docetaxel and 7‐epi‐paclitaxel). Furthermore, 33 ester derivatives of 7‐epi‐taxane with different amino acid moieties at the position of C‐13 were successfully synthesized via esterification without protecting C‐7‐OH. Bioassay results revealed that compounds 13 and 18 have good selectivity against prostatic cancer cell line DU145, with IC50 value as low as 15.9 nmol/L for 18.