bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long COVID in Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Patients: A Clinical, Morphologic, and Virologic Portrait
Authors: Ramalhosa Fátima , Lunardi Francesca , Bernardinello Nicol , Gori Silvia , Pezzuto Federica , Tauro Veronica , Del Vecchio Claudia , Giraudo Chiara , Balestro Elisabetta , Calabrese Fiorella 
Published: October 2024

Context.—
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID) primarily affects the lung and can lead to chronic/post-COVID syndrome. Some insights about late pulmonary changes occurring in patients recovering from COVID have been published, but the evidence of detailed pathologic changes coming from follow-up care patients with long COVID is limited.

Objective.—
To evaluate tissue morphologic and viral features in transbronchial biopsies of long COVID patients (immunocompetent and immunocompromised).

Design.—
This retrospective observational study included 18 patients (9 immunocompetent and 9 immunocompromised) who were consecutively referred to outpatient clinic for post-COVID pneumonia, undergoing transbronchial biopsy. Several histologic changes were analyzed by computer-assisted morphometric analysis. As organizing pneumonia (OP) was consistently detected, fibrosis and inflammation were also evaluated in transbronchial biopsies from 28 control patients with histologic confirmation of OP. Tissue SARS-CoV-2 and the subgenomic transcripts were investigated. Morphologic findings were correlated with clinical and radiologic data.

Results.—
Long COVID patients showed lower inflammation than controls (P &lt; .001) despite a similar fibrotic extension. When considering separately the 2 long COVID groups, the same inflammatory infiltrate extension was found, whereas a higher fibrotic remodeling characterized the immunocompetent subgroup (P = .05). Molecular investigation showed that SARS-CoV-2 was present in tissue samples obtained from 3 long COVID patients.

Conclusions.—
Long COVID patients showed a peculiar OP pattern, with more vascular and fibrotic changes. SARS-CoV-2 RNA, even in replicative status, can be detected in lung biopsies of both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. This pilot study is a forerunner of more in-depth lung tissue investigations to gain a better understanding of long COVID pathobiology.
The Effect of Main Bronchus Stump Closure Method on the Incidence of Stump Failure during Pneumonectomy for Tuberculosis
Authors: Giller D. B. , Basangova V. A. , Popova A. A. , Saenko S. S. , Martel I. I. 
Published: October 2024

The objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of various methods for the main bronchus stump closure when performing pneumonectomy for destructive pulmonary tuberculosis.Subjects and Methods. Treatment results of 1211 tuberculosis patients from 1958 to 2022 were studied. The patients were treated in three clinical phthisiopulmonary centers. All of them underwent pneumonectomy with closure of the main bronchus stump by different methods.Results. We studied results of using different methods for suturing the main bronchus during pneumonectomy. For this purpose, the incidence of early fistulae of the bronchial stump and mortality from bronchopleural complications were assessed. The worst result was observed when using a mechanical suture (21.7% and 8.3%, respectively), the combination of polyspast-circular ligature with mechanical suture improved the effectiveness (2.3% and 4.6%, respectively), and the best result was demonstrated by the stump-free method of bronchus closure offered by D.B. Giller et al. (0.3% and 0.1%, respectively).
Use of Dispersible Fixed-Dose Combinations in Chemotherapy of Drug Susceptible Tuberculosis: Results of the Observational Study
Authors: Nikitina E. S. , Ilyina O. S. , Baronova O. D. 
Published: October 2024

The objective: to assess effectiveness, safety and pharmacoeconomic feasibility of using a dispersible fixed-dose combination (isoniazid 150 mg, rifampicin 150 mg, pyrazinamide 375 mg) in patients with respiratory tuberculosis and preserved susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) to anti-tuberculosis drugs.Subjects and Methods. A post-registration observational study was conducted to assess treatment effectiveness of pulmonary tuberculosis in 60 adult patients with drug susceptible tuberculosis. In Main Group, patients received the fixed-dose combination (isoniazid 150 mg, rifampicin 150 mg, pyrazinamide 375 mg), while in Control Group, patients were treated with the regimen consisting of single anti-tuberculosis drugs.Results. Sputum conversion rate made 76.7% by the end of the intensive phase (60 doses) when replacing isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide with the dispersible fixed-dose combination, while with the standard choice of drugs, it was 66.7%. The incidence of adverse reactions was 7-fold lower when using the investigational drug which contributed to a high level of adherence and high effectiveness of therapy. Pharmacoeconomic analysis convincingly demonstrated advantages and economic benefits of the dispersible fixed-dose combination (isoniazid 150 mg, rifampicin 150 mg, pyrazinamide 375 mg), which was more costly than the combination of single drugs.
Hygienic-sanitary evaluation of fresh tilápia fillets sold in fishmongers in the mesoregion of Ribeirão Preto - SP
Authors: De Brito Viana Guilherme , Dias Gabriele , Teixeira Maria Eloisa , Branco Paula 
Published: October 2024

Introdução: Diversos organismos aquáticos de água doce ou salgada utilizados na alimentação humana são classificados como pescados. Normalmente esses produtos são vendidos em mercados especializados (peixarias), mercados tradicionais e feiras. Devido as características intrínsecas desses organismos, o pescado apresenta elevada perecibilidade, necessitando atenção quanto as condições de armazenamento e comercialização. Objetivo: Neste trabalho o objetivo foi avaliar o perfil microbiológico do pescado comercializado em peixarias nos municípios pertencentes a mesorregião de Ribeirão Preto, a fim de comprovar se os dados encontrados atendem ao proposto pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Resultados: Foram obtidas amostras de filés de tilápia frescos provenientes de 2 peixarias de Matão-SP, 1 peixaria de Jaboticabal-SP, 3 peixarias de Pontal-SP, 2 peixarias de Sertãozinho-SP e 2 peixarias de Ribeirão Preto-SP. As amostras foram submetidas às determinações microbiológicas de Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus sp. e Colimetria. Conclusões: As condições higiênico-sanitárias do filé de tilápia fresco comercializado na mesorregião de Ribeirão Preto não são completamente adequadas. 6 das peixarias apresentavam filés com níveis de contaminação para Staphylococcus sp. acima do permitido pela Angência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) e 4 amostras apresentavam níveis alarmantes de contaminação por coliformes totais. 4 dos filés de tilápia analisados estavam em plena conformidade com as leis federais.
Krumelurer med svag ställning
Authors: Frändén Märit 
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a quantitative study of the registration of diacritics in Hungarian, Spanish, Vietnamese and Turkish family names in the official Swedish population records. Out of the examined diacritics, vowels with accents and the Turkish letter <ç> are registered in up to 21 % of the cases, whereas the Turkish letter <ü> is registered in over 90 % of the occurrences. Parts of a bigger interview study is also presented, where informants share their views of diacritics in the Swedish population records.
Investigating the Efficacy of Bioactive Sleeves with Embedded Nano-Semiconductors in Alleviating Tendinopathy: An In Vivo Pilot Study
Authors: Xavier Jorden , Grande Daniel , Sherman Seth , Zaslav Kenneth , Paci James 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) utilizes light transmitted at near-infrared wavelengths to induce biochemical changes that promote tissue healing. The Reparel® Sleeve is a Class I Device embedded with nano-semiconductor fibers that mimic LLLT to alleviate joint and tendon pain.The purpose of this study was to determine if bioactive sleeves with nano-semiconductor fibers can objectively affect tendinopathy. METHODS 12 New Zealand white rabbits received 0.2% collagenase injections into the right Achilles tendon. Rabbits were divided into three groups: group I received a sham sleeve (n=4); group II received a Reparel® sleeve I (n=4); and group III received Reparel® sleeve II (n=4). Calf circumference measurements and thermal radiation imaging of the right lower limb were collected on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 post-injection. Two rabbits from each group were sacrificed at 14 and 28 days, and right Achilles tendons were harvested. Histological analysis using Picrosirius red staining was performed to evaluate collagen fiber organization. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to evaluate M1/M2 macrophage activity. # RESULTS A statistically significant difference in calf circumference was found at the 28-day mark between group I versus groups II and III (p < 0.05). Group I displayed an average circumference of 5.2 cm while groups II and III displayed circumferences of 4.9 and 4.6 cm, respectively. A downward trend in pixel density intensity was noted in the thermal radiation imaging for both sleeve groups. Histologic staining showed that group I displayed widespread disorganization and degradation of type I and III collagen fibers, while groups II and III displayed greater organization at the 28-day mark. Immunohistochemical staining revealed greater M1 macrophage activity in group I at the 14-day mark, and greater M2 macrophage activity in groups II and III at the 28-day mark. CONCLUSION The results of our study indicate that application of bioactive nano-semiconductor sleeves had a significant effect in alleviating Achilles tendinopathy, as seen by decreased swelling, temperature, and improved histology.
New insights into the Devonian sea spiders of the Hunsrück Slate (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida)
Authors: Sabroux Romain , Garwood Russell J. , Pisani Davide , Donoghue Philip C. J. , Edgecombe Gregory D. 
Published: October 2024

Background
The sea spiders (Pycnogonida Latreille, 1810) of the Hunsrück Slate (Lower Devonian, ~400 million years ago) are iconic in their abundance, exquisite pyritic preservation, and in their distinctive body plan compared to extant sea spiders (Pantopoda Gerstäcker, 1863). Consequently, the Hunsrück sea spiders are important in understanding the deep evolutionary history of Pycnogonida, yet they remain poorly characterised, impacting upon attempts to establish a time-calibrated phylogeny of sea spiders.

Methods
Here, we investigated previously described and new material representing four of the five Hunsrück pycnogonids: Flagellopantopus blocki Poschmann & Dunlop, 2006; Palaeoisopus problematicus Broili, 1928; Palaeopantopus maucheri Broili, 1929; and Pentapantopus vogteli Kühl, Poschmann & Rust, 2013; as well as a few unidentified specimens. Using X-ray microtomography and Reflectance Transformation Imaging, we describe new fossils, provide evidence for newly revealed anatomical features, and interpret these data in comparison to extant species. We also reinterpret the previously published illustration of the (probably lost) holotype of Palaeothea devonica Bergström, Stürmer & Winter, 1980.

Results
We provide the first detailed description of the cephalic appendages of Palaeoisopus problematicus and revise the interpretation of the organisation of its ocular tubercle. Furthermore, we provide new insights into the structure of the legs and the proboscis of Palaeopantopus maucheri, the first description of the body of Flagellopantopus blocki and describe a new specimen of Pentapantopus vogteli, demonstrating that it had eight legs, in contrast to previous interpretations. We argue that, contrary to previous suggestions, Palaeothea devonica probably had a different body plan from extant pantopods. We discuss the ecological traits of the Hunsrück pycnogonids based on their morphological adaptations, and conclude that there is no compelling evidence of Pantopoda in the Devonian. Through comparative interpretation of the legs as well as general morphology, we can divide the Hunsrück pycnogonids into two morphological groups, while Pantopoda constitutes a third morphological group.
Effects of different ratios of nitrogen base fertilizer to topdressing on soil nitrogen form and enzyme activity in sugar beet under shallow drip irrigation
Authors: Li Zhi , Jian Caiyuan , Guo Xiaoxia , Tian Lu , Han Kang , Li Yinghao , Zhang Peng , Kong Dejuan , Ren Huimin , Jiaerdemulati Alehesi , Wang Zhenzhen , Liu Huiyu , Huang Chunyan , Su Wenbin 
Published: October 2024

Sugar beets account for 30% of global sugar production each year, and their byproducts are an important source of bioethanol and animal feed. Sugar beet is an important cash crop in Inner Mongolia, China. To achieve high yields and sugar content, it is essential to supply nitrogen fertilizer in accordance with the growth characteristics of sugar beet, thereby enhancing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer utilization. A two-year experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences. The impact of varying ratios of nitrogen-based fertilizer to topdressing on nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen levels in the 20–60 cm soil layer, as well as the activities of protease, urease, catalase, and sucrose in the 20–40 cm soil layer were investigated during the rapid leaf growth period and root and sugar growth period. Results indicated that different ratios of nitrogen-based fertilizer to topdressing significantly influenced the levels of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, and the activities of protease and urease in the 0–20 cm soil layer, with these effects diminishing as soil depth increased. The activities of catalase and sucrose were minimally impacted. Nitrogen was applied at 150 kg/ha during the growth period of sugar beet, according to the growth characteristics of sugar beet to maximize nitrogen utilization efficiency. Topdressing was completed with irrigation at the rapid growth stage. The nitrogen-based fertilizer to topdressing ratio of 6:4 resulted in optimal crop yield and sugar yield of sugar beet under shallow drip irrigation. Additionally, the activities of protease and urease in different soil treatments were significantly different, and the activities of protease and urease in the 0–40 cm soil layer were identified as useful soil physiological indicators for nitrogen utilization in sugar beet.
Association of serum Metrnl levels and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhou Chenxia , Zeng Juli , Gao Xiangyu , Chen Da , Zhu Qiugen , Feng Bo , Song Jun 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Meteorin-like (Metrnl) is a novel adipokine which is highly expressed in adipose tissue and has a beneficial effect on glucose and lipid metabolism. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is well recognized to be inversely associated with cardiovascular events. However, the relationship between serum Metrnl levels and HDL-C in the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the association of serum Metrnl with HDL-C levels in T2DM.

Materials and Methods
Eighty participants with T2DM were included in this cross-sectional study. They were divided into two groups according to HDL-C levels: Group1 (lower HDL-C group): HDL-C < 1.04 mmol/L; Group2 (higher HDL-C group): HDL-C ≥ 1.04 mmol/L. Serum Metrnl levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
As compared with lower HDL-C levels groups, serum Metrnl levels were significantly higher in the group with higher HDL-C. Binary logistic regression analysis showed serum Metrnl levels were positively associated with HDL-C group after adjustment with sex, age, body mass index (BMI), mean arterial pressure (MAP), fasting blood glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG). Furthermore, serum Metrnl levels were inversely correlated with insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). HDL-C levels were lowest in the group with the lowest Metrnl levels group and remained positively associated with Metrnl after adjustment for sex, age, BMI, TG, and HOMA-IR by using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion
Serum Metrnl levels were positively associated with HDL-C levels in patients with T2DM.This suggests that increasing serum Metrnl levels maybe a candidate for improving lipid metabolism and preventing cardiovascular events in T2DM.

Registry and the Registration No. of the Study/Trial
The study was registered in the Chinese clinical trial registry (ChiCTR- 2100047148).
Effect of Spirulina Flour Addition in Feed on the Increase of Colour Brightness Nemo Fish (Premnas biaculeatus)
Authors: Rahayu Indah , Junaidi Muhammad , Rahmadani Thoy batun Citra 
Published: October 2024

The nemo fish (Premnas biaculeatus) is a type of marine ornamental fish in Indonesia that is in high demand among the general public. The popularity of this fish can be attributed to several factors, one of which is the brightness of its coloration. One of the plants that can be employed as a color enhancer for ornamental fish is spirulina. Spirulina is a microalgae that has been demonstrated to enhance the brightness of fish coloration. Therefore, it is necessary to research on the effect of adding spirulina flour to feed on increasing the brightness of the color of nemo fish (Premnas biaculeatus). The method used in this research is an experimental method with a completely randomized design. This treatment was carried out with 5 treatments and 3 repetitions, namely: P0 : 0%/kg, P1 : 2%/kg, P2 : 4%/kg, P3 : 6%/kg and P4 : 8%/kg. The 5 treatments were repeated 3 times, resulting in 15 experimental units. The results of the researches carried out, it can be concluded that the addition of spirulina flour to feed on the brightness of the color of nemo fish (Premnas biaculeatus) is proven to increase the brightness of the color of nemo fish and the best treatment is p3 with a dose of 6%. The addition of spirulina flour to feed on the growth of length and absolute weight of nemo fish (Premnas biaculeatus) has a significant effect, while the survival rate has no significant effect.
U‐Pb‐Hf‐REE‐Ti zircon and REE garnet geochemistry of the Cambrian Attunga eclogite, New England Orogen, Australia: Implications for continental growth along eastern Gondwana
Authors: Manton Ryan J. , Buckman Solomon , Nutman Allen P. , Bennett Vickie C. , Belousova Elena A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe timing and location of eclogite metamorphism is central to understanding subduction events responsible for the assembly of eastern Gondwana. The Attunga eclogite is one of only six eclogites in Australia and occurs as small blocks within a schistose serpentinite mélange known as the Weraerai terrane, along the Peel Fault of the southern New England Orogen. Our zircon data reveal the presence of high Th/U oscillatory zoned magmatic zircon with a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 534 ± 14 Ma and recrystallized metamorphic domains with an age of 490 ± 14 Ma. The latter have lower Th/U ratios, mostly no Eu anomalies and heavy rare earth element (HREE)‐depleted patterns. Garnet rims demonstrate that the final stages of garnet growth occurred in a HREE‐depleted environment, due to coeval formation with metamorphic zircon. Direct application of the Ti‐in‐zircon thermometer to metamorphic zircon yields temperatures of 770–610°C. Hf isotopic analyses of the zircons have an average εHf(t) of +13, indicating a juvenile crustal signature. We interpret the Attunga eclogite to be an indicator of Late Cambrian subduction beneath an oceanic suprasubduction zone prior to accretion against eastern Gondwanan in the latest Devonian. Phillips et al. () suggest two metamorphic age populations within the Attunga eclogite, based on U‐Pb zircon and 40Ar/39Ar phengite data. These are ~515 Ma and ~480 Ma. We confirm these data, but our zircon trace element chemistry data indicate that the Early Cambrian age (530 Ma) represents igneous protolith formation rather than eclogite metamorphism.
Critical density gradients for small‐scale plasma irregularity generation in the E and F regions
Authors: Makarevich Roman A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractElectron density gradients that can make plasma unstable in the ionospheric E and F regions are analyzed. We focus on critical gradient values required for plasma instability to become operational to produce decameter‐scale plasma irregularities observed by the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) without any nonlinear wave cascade. Analytic expressions are developed for the critical gradients using a recently developed general formalism for arbitrary geometry and with the ion inertia and stabilizing thermal diffusion effects included. It is demonstrated that the problem can be analyzed using a single equation applicable in both the E and F regions that only differs in the sign of the main term related to convection strength. Analytic expressions are obtained, and results are presented for (1) critical gradient strength for arbitrary gradient and propagation directions, (2) range of propagation directions with unstable primary waves, (3) most favorable configuration and minimum critical gradient, and (4) most favorable propagation direction for arbitrary gradient direction. It is shown that the most favorable configuration is achieved for propagation along the differential drift and gradient perpendicular to it and that an unexpected exception is the F region under strong convection when propagation and gradient are both rotated by a certain angle. It is estimated that in the F region, from which most of the SuperDARN backscatter comes, primary decameter waves can be generated for gradient scales as large as 100 km for favorable orientations and strong plasma convection >500 m/s and that much smaller scales of 200–1000 m are required for unfavorable orientations.
Quasi‐thermal noise spectroscopy: The art and the practice
Authors: Meyer‐Vernet N. , Issautier K. , Moncuquet M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractQuasi‐thermal noise spectroscopy is an efficient tool for measuring in situ macroscopic plasma properties in space, using a passive wave receiver at the ports of an electric antenna. This technique was pioneered on spinning spacecraft carrying very long dipole antennas in the interplanetary medium—like ISEE‐3 and Ulysses—whose geometry approached a “theoretician's dream.” The technique has been extended to other instruments in various types of plasmas on board different spacecraft and will be implemented on several missions in the near future. Such extensions require different theoretical modelizations, involving magnetized, drifting, or dusty plasmas with various particle velocity distributions and antennas being shorter, biased, or made of unequal wires. We give new analytical approximations of the plasma quasi‐thermal noise (QTN) and study how the constraints of the real world in space can (or cannot) be compatible with plasma detection by QTN spectroscopy. We consider applications to the missions Wind, Cassini, BepiColombo, Solar Orbiter, and Parker Solar Probe.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkylation with Alkyl Halides by C(sp3)−H Activation
Authors: Wu Zhuo , Ma Ding , Zhou Bo , Ji Xiaoming , Ma Xiaotian , Wang Xiaoling , Zhang Yanghui 
Published: July 2017

AbstractUtilizing halogens as traceless directing goups represents an attractive strategy for C−H functionalization. A two C−H alkylation system, initiated by the oxidative addition of organohalides to Pd0, has been developed. The first reaction involves an intermolecular alkylation of palladacycles to form C(sp3)−C(sp2) bonds followed by C(sp2)−H activation/cyclization to deliver alkylated benzocyclobutenes as the final products. In the second reaction, two C−C bonds are formed by the reaction of palladacycles with CH2Br2, and provides a facile and efficient method for the synthesis of indanes. The alkylated benzocyclobutene products can be transformed into tricyclic hyrocarbons, and the indane derivatives are essential structural motifs in bioactive and odorant molecules.