bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Siswa melalui Metode Membaca Kritis pada Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 18 Kampung Pansur Kecamatan Koto Xi Tarusan Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015
Authors: Yarfriaty Yarfriaty 
Published: December 2017

Proses pembelajaran merupakan suatu kegiatan kurikulum dalam lembaga pendidikan sebagai upaya mempengaruhi para peserta didik untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan yang telah ditetapkan. Tujuan pendidikan itu sendiri pada dasarnya mengantarkan para peserta didik menuju pada perubahan-perubahan tingkah laku baik intelektual, moral, maupun sosial agar dapat hidup mandiri sebagai individu dan makhluk sosial. Akan tetapi berbicara masalah pendidikan, kadangkala dihadapkan pada mata rantai persoalan yang tidak jelas ujung pangkalnya dan dari mana harus memulainya.Penelitian ini Tujuan penelitian yang dicapai pada hakikatnya adalah menjawab pertanyaan yang dikemukakan pada rumusan masalah, adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu: Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam membaca pemahaman melalui metode membaca kritis.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelasÂ (classroom action research ) yang akan dilaksanakanÂ dalam dua siklus. Jenis penelitian tindakan kelas ini dipilih dengan tujuan agarÂ mampu menawarkan cara baru untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan profesionalisme guru dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar dikelas dengan melihat berbagai indikator keberhasilan proses dan hasil belajarâ€. Selain itu penelitian tindakan kelas ini di anggap mudah karena hanya melalui empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, aksi, observasi dan refleksi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Menumbuhkan atau meningkatkan minat membaca dalam keterampilan berbahasa Indonesia dapat memberikan pengaruh yang positif sehingga siswa merasakan pada dirinya ada perubahan berupa kemajuan dalam belajarnya karena dirinya telah termotivasi sehingga minat membaca meningkat dan bergairah untuk belajar.Guru memberikan kebebasan kepada siswa untuk menanyakan secara individual tentang apa saja yang belum dipahaminya. Pertanyaan siswa secara individual dijawab oleh guru juga secara indidual. Guru juga memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk berlomba mendapatkan nilai yang terbaik. Beberapa hal yang dicatat pada pertemuan siklus I ini antara lain : Waktu yang dipergunakan mengerjakan pertanyaan belum merata, Kurang telitinya siswa dalam menulis jawaban pertanyaan yang tersedia.
Peningkatan Hasil dan Kemampuan Membaca Intensif Siswa Kelas IV pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan Model Pembelajaran Word Square di SD Negeri 27 Batang Anai
Authors: Asna Mimi 
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh kenyataan dilapangan bahwa hasil belajar dan keterampilan membaca siswa di kelas IV SD N 27 Batang Anai masih kurang, disebabkan karena kurangnya minatÂ siswa untuk membaca. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemempuan dalam membaca intensif dengan menggunakan model Word Square di SD Negeri 27 Batang Anai. Teori yang dijadikan dalam mengamati data adalah teori membaca yang dikemukakan oleh Brooks, (1) membaca telaah isi, (2) membaca telaah bahasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya peningkatan kemampuan membaca intensif siswa yang dibuktikan dengan menigkatnya hasil dan kemampuan membaca intensif siswa berdasarkan siklus I 67,04 sedangkan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 77,27. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan model Word Square dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam membaca intensif.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Karangan Dekripsi Dengan Menggunakan Media Gambar
Authors: Aryani Aryani 
Published: December 2017

Writing is a processof delivering ideas and messages, feelings and information to the readers through creative process and this activity needs knowledge and skill, so the readers can easily and clearly undertand the ideas or messages of the writer. OneÂ of writng texts is descriptive text which describes about something.Â There are some factors which make the writer can not deliver and write his or her ideas about describing something. This condition is caused by the media which is used by the teacher in the classroom is not interesting and cannot motivate the students to write descriptive text. This research is about increasing studentsâ€™ability in writing descriptive text by using pictures By using pictures, the students can be motivated to write and to deliver their ideas to descrite something well.
Perfil dos indivíduos que receberam atendimento pelo SAMU a vítimas de traumatismo crânioencefálico no município de Anápolis-GO
Authors: Reis Meillyne Alves dos , Filho Geraldo Soares da Silva , Medeiros Thiago Fontes , Silva Constanza Thaise Xavier , Souza Najla Maria Carvalho de , Meireles Gláucia Oliveira Abreu B. 
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: traçar o perfil dos indivíduos que receberam atendimento pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) vítimas de traumatismo crânio encefálico (TCE), no município de Anápolis-GO. Métodos: Este estudo foi do tipo descritivo, documental e retrospectivo. Este estudo foi pautado na abordagem quantitativa de 63 fichas de atendimento de usuários do serviço com traumatismo crânioencefálico no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2014. Os dados colhidos das fichas dos usuários foram tabulados em planilhas do programa Microsoft Excel. A partir do banco de dados foi realizada a estatística descritiva com frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: Dos 63 atendimentos realizados pelo SAMU com diagnóstico de TCE 80,9% eram do sexo masculino e 19,1% do sexo feminino. A faixa etária prevaleceu no intervalo entre 21 a 40 anos (31,7%) e quanto à classificação de risco de TCE foi observado que 41,3% dos indivíduos estavam com risco moderado causado por perfuração por arma de fogo (20,6%) seguido de queda ao mesmo nível; e em relação à evolução clínica dos usuários 19% dos casos foram a óbito por TCE. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que no estudo o sexo masculino com faixa etária entre 21 a 40 anos com risco moderado de TCE causado por perfuração por arma de fogo e queda ao mesmo nível compõe grupo de risco. Os perfis de atendimentos realizados pelo SAMU as vítimas de TCE são muito importantes para que haja uma melhoria no atendimento pré e intra-hospitalar e em campanhas educativas mais eficientes para a população.
A EVOLUÇÃO DOS DIREITOS TRABALHISTAS DAS MULHERES SOB O PRISMA DOS LIMITES DA FLEXIBILIZAÇÃO NO DIREITO DO TRABALHO
Authors: Macedo Soares Fernanda Heloisa , Marcari Elisangela , Da Fonseca Josimar Rodrigo 
Published: December 2017

O objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi o de analisar a evolução histórica dos direitos trabalhistas da mulher, levando em consideração as garantias conquistadas ao longo do tempo e seus reflexos na atual legislação trabalhista brasileira. Destarte, buscou-se elencar o que a CLT prevê como direitos para a trabalhadora, levando em consideração a saúde e as questões que envolvem a maternidade. Ademais, foram analisados o contexto histórico e a conceituação do instituto da flexibilização, elencando ainda suas formas e as principais correntes doutrinárias. Por fim, ponderou-se sobre os limites da flexibilização frente os direitos trabalhistas das mulheres, colacionando-se decisões do Tribunal Superior do Trabalho. A metodologia utilizada foi o da pesquisa bibliográfica, que por intermédio do levantamento bibliográfico sobre o tema foi possível constatar informações e subsídios para o desenvolvimento do tema proposto. Com base no estudo documental e bibliográfica conclui-se que existem alguns pontos falhos a serem revistos e melhorados para melhor aplicação das diretrizes da Lei de Cotas.PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Direito do Trabalho. Direitos da Mulher. Flexibilização. The main objective of this study was to analyze the historical evolution of women's labor rights, taking into account the guarantees earned over time and its effects on current Brazilian labor legislation. Thus, we sought to list what the CLT provides as rights for the worker, taking into account the health and issues surrounding maternity. In addition, we analyzed the historical context and the conceptualization of the flexibilization institute, and it also lists its forms and main doctrinal currents. Finally, we considered the limits of flexibilization, against women's labor rights, collating decisions of the Superior Labor Court. The methodology used was the bibliographical research, that through the bibliographical survey on the subject it was possible to verify information and subsidies for the development of the proposed theme. Based on the documentary and bibliographic study it is concluded that there are some flaws to be reviewed and improved for better application of the guidelines of the Quota Law. KEYWORDS: Labor Law. Women rights. Flexibilization.
EFETIVIDADE PROCESSUAL VERSUS PROJETO “CONCILIAR É LEGAL” INSTITUÍDO PELO CONSELHO NACIONAL DE
Authors: Da Silva Joilson José 
Published: December 2017

Analisa-se no presente artigo o princípio da efetividade processual à luz da Constituição Federal de 1988 e a política empreendida pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ) no movimento “Conciliar é Legal”. Considerou-se os estudos da doutrina pátria e da jurisprudência do STF, para refletir acerca de normas subjacentes ao princípio da efetividade processual, a saber, inafastabilidade da jurisdição, celeridade processual e devido processo legal. A conciliação, como meio autocompositivo de solução de litígios, mereceu destaque especial. O CNJ divulgava amiúde na grande mídia, a campanha nacional de conciliação no afã de contornar a morosidade processual. Contudo, a propaganda institucional não revelava os propósitos de tal empreendimento. Analisou-se, nessa ordem de considerações, a estrutura, as funções e a legitimidade do Conselho Nacional de Justiça, tendo por substrato normativo a Emenda Constitucional 45/2004. Refletiu-se especialmente sobre a contradição entre o movimento “Conciliar é Legal” e o direito à efetividade do processo. Levou-se em consideração as estatísticas elaboradas pelo próprio CNJ, oportunidade em que se apreciou a ideia de “cultura demandista”, demandista habitual e “demandista eventual”. Em suma, o presente artigo pretendeu subsidiar a ponderação sobre um tema reputado de expressiva relevância para a ciência jurídica. Palavras-chaves: Conciliação, Razoável Duração do Processo, Autocomposição, Jurisdição.
Violência E Criminalidade Na Sociedade Anapolina: Políticas Públicas De Ressocialização De Delinquentes
Authors: Lima Adriano Gouveia 
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo é parte de dissertação de mestrado e aborda elementos relacionados à conduta violenta e a criminalidade urbana na cidade de Anápolis questionando-se as causas da violência e as políticas públicas no município para enfrentamento do problema. Um dos autores clássicos que fundamenta o presente estudo é Weber (2004) e sua teoria sobre a ação social de cunho eminentemente subjetivista além de outros clássicos mencionados nas referências. Aborda-se, também, a ação social dos agentes estatais voltada para a contenção da violência e da criminalidade que resulta de uma legítima relação de poder e autoridade do Estado que se impõe aos criminosos através da segregação corporal denominada pena. Assim procedendo, o presente artigo se vincula com a abordagem sobre sociedade e políticas públicas, identificando essas manifestações sociais dentro da estrutura do Estado e formas de contenção de crimes.
ASSÉDIO MORAL DE CONOTAÇÃO SEXUAL NO AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO
Authors: DE SOUZA ANA PAULA RODRIGUES , STECKELBERG CIBELLE ALVES DE MORAIS 
Published: December 2017

O presente trabalho tem a finalidade de conhecer e analisar as diferentes relações de trabalho existentes no Brasil, bem como a conduta do assédio sexual no ambiente de trabalho, e como, quando e por que ela acontece. O assédio sexual caracteriza-se pelo constrangimento de alguém com o intuito de obtenção de vantagens ou favorecimento sexual. O agente busca tirar proveito de sua posição ou função. Esta atitude viola o direito de liberdade e privacidade bem como o de dignidade. O Direito de trabalhar em um local respeitoso e a dignidade do trabalhador são garantias constitucionais. O assédio sexual pode ser cometido tanto pelo empregador quanto por colegas de trabalho. Neste artigo analisamos também a degeneração do ambiente de trabalho e a diminuição de produção como fatores importantes para a ocorrência do assédio sexual. Por fim, destacamos mais recentes decisões judiciais referentes ao assédio sexual, as suas principais características e as consequências no âmbito civil, trabalhista e penal.
Preliminary neutronic study on Pu-based OTTO cycle pebble bed reactor
Authors: Setiadipura T. , Irwanto D. , Zuhair  
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The neutron physics characteristic of Pebble Bed Reactor (PBR) allows a better incineration of plutonium (Pu). An optimized design of simple PBR might give a symbiotic solution of providing a safe energy source, effective fuel utilization shown by a higher burnup value, and incineration of Pu stockpiles. This study perform a preliminary neutronic design study of a 200 MWt Once Through Then Out (OTTO) cycle PBR with Pu-based fuel. The safety criteria of the design were represented by the per-fuel-pebble maximum power generation of 4.5 kW/pebble. In this preliminary phase, the parametric survey is limited to the heavy metal (HM) loading per pebble and the average axial speed of the fuel. An optimum high burnup of 419.7 MWd/kg-HM was achieved in this study. This optimum design uses a HM loading of 2.5 g/pebble with average axial fuel velocity 0.5 cm/day.
Application of Pareto optimization method for ontology matching in nuclear reactor domain
Authors: Meenachi N. M. , Baba M. Sai 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This article describes the need for ontology matching and describes the methods to achieve the same. Efforts are put in the implementation of the semantic web based knowledge management system for nuclear domain which necessitated use of the methods for development of ontology matching. In order to exchange information in a distributed environment, ontology mapping has been used. The constraints in matching the ontology are also discussed. Pareto based ontology matching algorithm is used to find the similarity between two ontologies in the nuclear reactor domain. Algorithms like Jaro Winkler distance, Needleman Wunsch algorithm, Bigram, Kull Back and Cosine divergence are employed to demonstrate ontology matching. A case study was carried out to analysis the ontology matching in diversity in the nuclear reactor domain and same was illustrated.
Criticality safety analysis of TK-13 cask in Bushehr nuclear power plant
Authors: Mohammadi A. , Hassanzadeh M. , Omidvari N. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Spent fuel production is one of the main problems of nuclear power plants that should be managed properly considering the strategy of each country. Today, in most of nuclear power owner countries, the interim storage has been selected as the temporary solution of spent fuel management because of absence of deep geological repositories and no tendency for reprocessing. On the other side, considering the merits of storage in dual purpose casks based on dry storage, this method was chosen for interim storage. By taking into account that the only operating reactor of Iran is of Water-Water Energetic Reactor (WWER)-1000 type, proposed TK-13 cask by Russia which is the manufacturer of these types of reactors has been considered. In this study, the calculation of basket holding spent fuel assembly criticality of this cask has been analyzed for two modes of fresh and spent fuel by ORIGEN2.1 and MCNPX2.6 nuclear codes. The criterion of the nuclear criticality safety for effective multiplication factor (keff) should be 0.95 and 0.98 for many ordinary and accident conditions, respectively. Therefore, the results show that a cylindrical basket with 66 cm diameter and 28 cm pitch with internal holding basket made of borated steel with 0.1% borate and steel free from borate would meet the criticality of cask, respectively.
Developing light nano-composites with improved mechanical properties for neutron shielding
Authors: Jamali F. , Mortazavi S. M. J. , Kardan M. , Mosleh-Shirazi M. A. , Sina S. , Rahpeyma J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Although radiation exposures in manned space missions are normally below the limits recommended to NASA by NCRP, in long-duration deep space exploratory missions astronauts may receive relatively high doses of ionizing radiation. Novel light polyethylene-based composites can be considered as effective radiation shields in space explorations. However, normally these composites cannot provide desired mechanical properties. Over the past several years our laboratories have focused on developing efficient methods for both physical and biological protection of the crew in long term space missions. In this study carbon nanotubes and either nano-sized or micro-sized boron carbide (B4C) fillers were incorporated into the continuous phase of low density polyethylene (LDPE). In the next phase, the mechanical characteristics of the composites as well as their neutron attenuation properties were studied. Findings of this study indicated enhanced mechanical properties accompanied by an enhanced shielding efficiency for neutrons at some specific weight fraction of the fillers.
Time-dependent variation of the neutron multiplication factor in spent fuel storage
Authors: Leotlela M. J. , Olifant T. , Petr I. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
After spent fuel assemblies have been discharged from the reactor, reactivity will fluctuate as the cooling period progresses because of changes in the number density of fissile nuclides and neutron absorber nuclides. The purpose of this project was (1) to quantify the contribution of each individual nuclide to the reactivity of the fissile system, (2) to identify nuclides that are responsible for the fluctuation in reactivity, and (3) to determine the effect of the number of nuclides on reactivity. This paper will present the results of the study of the behaviour of the keff with respect to variation in the duration of the cooling period during storage.
Erythromyeloid-Derived TREM2: A Major Determinant of Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology in Down Syndrome
Authors: Raha-Chowdhury Ruma , Henderson James W. , Raha Animesh Alexander , Stott Simon R.W. , Vuono Romina , Foscarin Simona , Wilson Liam , Annus Tiina , Fincham Robert , Allinson Kieren , Devalia Vinod , Friedland Robert P. , Holland Anthony , Zaman Shahid H. 
Published: December 2017

Background: Down syndrome (DS; trisomy 21) individuals have a spectrum of hematopoietic and neuronal dysfunctions and by the time they reach the age of 40 years, almost all develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathology which includes senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Inflammation and innate immunity are key players in AD and DS. Triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) variants have been identified as risk factors for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: To investigate the effects of TREM2 and the AD-associated R47H mutation on brain pathology and hematopoietic state in AD and DS. Methods: We analyzed peripheral blood, bone marrow, and brain tissue from DS, AD, and age-matched control subjects by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. TREM2-related phagocytosis was investigated using a human myeloid cell line. Results: TREM2 protein levels in brain and sera declined with age and disease progression in DS. We observed soluble TREM2 in brain parenchyma that may be carried by a subset of microglia, macrophages, or exosomes. Two DS cases had the AD-associated TREM2-R47H mutation, which manifested a morphologically extreme phenotype of megakaryocytes and erythrocytes in addition to impaired trafficking of TREM2 to the erythroid membrane. TREM2 was shown to be involved in phagocytosis of red blood cells. TREM2 was seen in early and late endosomes. Silencing TREM2 using siRNA in THP1 cells resulted in significant cell death. Conclusion: We provide evidence that peripheral TREM2 originating from erythromyeloid cells significantly determines AD neuropathology in DS subjects. Understanding the molecular signaling pathways mediated by TREM2 may reveal novel therapeutic targets.
GPs’ perceptions of advance care planning with frail and older people: a qualitative study
Authors: Sharp Tim , Malyon Alexandra , Barclay Stephen 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundFrail and older people are estimated to account for 40% of deaths. Despite conversations about end-of-life care being an important component of the national End of Life Care Strategy, there is a marked disparity between the majority who would like to discuss advance care plans, and the minority who currently have this opportunity.AimTo investigate the attitudes of GPs to advance care planning (ACP) discussions with frail and older individuals.Design and settingFocus group study with GPs in Cambridgeshire between September 2015 and January 2016.MethodFive focus groups with 21 GPs were purposively sampled to maximise diversity. Framework analysis was used to analyse transcripts and develop themes.ResultsAlthough some GPs were concerned it might cause distress, the majority felt that raising ACP was important, especially as preparation for future emergencies. Knowing the individuals, introducing the idea as part of ongoing discussions, and public awareness campaigns were all facilitators identified. Several considered that service limitations made it difficult to fulfil patients’ wishes and risked raising unrealistic patient expectations. Other barriers identified included uncertainty over prognosis and difficulties ensuring that individuals’ wishes were respected.ConclusionMost GPs viewed ACP as important. However, their enthusiasm was tempered by experience. This study highlights the difficulties for GPs of encouraging dialogue and respecting individuals’ wishes within the constraints of the existing health and social care system. National publicity campaigns and encouraging patients to prioritise healthcare outcomes could help GPs raise care preferences without causing a detrimental impact on patients or raising unrealistic expectations. Once patients agree their care preferences, they need to be documented, accessible, and reviewed by all relevant health and social care providers to ensure that their wishes are respected, and plans amended as their circumstances change.
On the Possibility of Fast Radio Bursts from Inside Supernovae: The Case of SN 1986J
Authors: Bietenholz Michael F. , Bartel Norbert 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We discuss the possibility of obtaining fast radio bursts (FRBs) from the interior of supernovae, in particular SN 1986J. Young neutron stars are involved in many of the possible scenarios for the origin of FRBs, and it has been suggested that the high dispersion measures observed in FRBs might be produced by the ionized material in the ejecta of associated supernovae. Using VLA and VLBI measurements of the Type IIn SN 1986J, which has a central compact component not seen in other supernovae, we can directly observe for the first time radio signals, which originate in the interior of a young (∼30 year old) supernova. We show that at an age of 30 years, any FRB signal at ∼1 GHz would still be largely absorbed by the ejecta. By the time the ejecta have expanded so that a 1 GHz signal would be visible, the internal dispersion measure due to the SN ejecta would be below the values typically seen for FRBs. The high dispersion measures seen for the FRBs detected so far could of course be due to propagation through the intergalactic medium provided that the FRBs are at distances much larger than that of SN 1986J, which is 10 Mpc. We conclude that if FRBs originate in Type II SNe/SNRs, they would likely not become visible until 60 ∼ 200 years after the SN explosion.