bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embedding data provenance into the Learning Health System to facilitate reproducible research
Authors: Curcin Vasa 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroductionThe learning health system (LHS) community has taken up the challenge of bringing the complex relationship between clinical research and practice into this brave new world. At the heart of the LHS vision is the notion of routine capture, transformation, and dissemination of data and knowledge, with various use cases, such as clinical studies, quality improvement initiatives, and decision support, constructed on top of specific routes that the data is taking through the system. In order to stop this increased data volume and analytical complexity from obfuscating the research process, it is essential to establish trust in the system through implementing reproducibility and auditability throughout the workflow.MethodsData provenance technologies can automatically capture the trace of the research task and resulting data, thereby facilitating reproducible research. While some computational domains, such as bioinformatics, have embraced the technology through provenance‐enabled execution middlewares, disciplines based on distributed, heterogeneous software, such as medical research, are only starting on the road to adoption, motivated by the institutional pressures to improve transparency and reproducibility.ResultsGuided by the experiences of the TRANSFoRm project, we present the opportunities that data provenance offers to the LHS community. We illustrate how provenance can facilitate documenting 21 CFR Part 11 compliance for Food and Drug Administration submissions and provide auditability for decisions made by the decision support tools and discuss the transformational effect of routine provenance capture on data privacy, study reporting, and publishing medical research.ConclusionsIf the scaling up of the LHS is to succeed, we have to embed mechanisms to verify trust in the system inside our research instruments. In the research world increasingly reliant on electronic tools, provenance gives us a lingua franca to achieve traceability, which we have shown to be essential to building these mechanisms. To realize the vision of making computable provenance a feasible approach to implementing reproducibility in the LHS, we have to provide viable mechanisms for adoption. These include defining meaningful provenance models for problem domains and also introducing provenance support to existing tools in a minimally invasive manner.
Development of a Novel Immobilization Method by Using Microgels to Keep Enzyme in Hydrated Microenvironment in Porous Hydrophobic Membranes
Authors: Vitola Giuseppe , Büning Dominic , Schumacher Jens , Mazzei Rosalinda , Giorno Lidietta , Ulbricht Mathias 
Published: December 2016

Using colloidal polyacrylamide (PAAm) microgels as carriers, a novel strategy for covalent immobilization of enzymes maintained in hydrated microenvironment on/in a macroporous surface‐functionalized hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane is developed. The PAAm microgels are synthesized by inverse miniemulsion polymerization, and first the parameters are investigated which are suited to obtain particles in the desired size range, 100–200 nm, with narrow size distribution. Amino functions are then imparted to the microgels applying the Hofmann reaction. The modification is confirmed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, ninhydrin test, and elemental analysis. In addition, functionalized microgels are characterized by dynamic light scattering. The amino‐functionalized PAAm microgels are then immobilized on pre‐modified PVDF membrane having aldehyde functionalities on the surface. Afterward, unreacted aldehyde groups still present on the membrane where quenched by ethanolamine and the enzyme lipase from Candida rugosa (LCR) is subsequently immobilized on the microgels loaded PVDF membrane via glutaraldehyde cross‐linking, exploiting the free amino groups on immobilized microgels. Catalytic efficiency of LCR immobilized by this strategy is evaluated using para‐nitrophenyl palmitate as substrate and compared with LCR directly immobilized on PVDF membrane without microgels. Results show that LCR immobilized by means of microgels exhibits better performance with a 2.3‐fold higher specific biocatalytic activity.
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Detection of smoke‐induced pulmonary lesions by hyperpolarized 129Xe diffusion kurtosis imaging in rat models
Authors: Ruan Weiwei , Zhong Jianping , Guan Yu , Xia Yi , Zhao Xiuchao , Han Yeqing , Sun Xianping , Liu Shiyuan , Ye Chaohui , Zhou Xin 
Published: December 2016

PurposeTo demonstrate that hyperpolarized (HP) xenon diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is able to detect smoke‐induced pulmonary lesions in rat models.MethodsMulti‐b DKI with hyperpolarized xenon was used for the first time in five smoke‐exposed rats and five healthy rats. Additionally, DKI with b values of up to 80 s/cm2 were used in two healthy rats to probe the critical b value (a limit beyond which the DKI cannot describe the non‐Gaussian diffusion).ResultsThe mean apparent diffusion coefficient (Dapp) and diffusion kurtosis (Kapp) extracted by the DKI model revealed significant changes in the smoke‐exposed rats compared with those in the control group (P = 0.027 and 0.039, respectively), exhibiting strong correlations with mean linear intercept (Lm) from the histology. Although the maximum b value was increased to 80 s/cm2, the DKI could still describe the non‐Gaussian diffusion (R2 > 0.97).ConclusionDKI with hyperpolarized xenon exhibited sensitivity in the detection of pulmonary lesions induced by smoke, including moderate emphysema and small airway diseases. The critical b value was rarely exceeded in DKI of the lungs due to the limited gradient strength of the MRI scanner used in our study. Magn Reson Med 78:1891–1899, 2016. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
True and apparent optogenetic BOLDfMRI signals
Authors: Schmid Florian , Wachsmuth Lydia , Albers Franziska , Schwalm Miriam , Stroh Albrecht , Faber Cornelius 
Published: December 2016

PurposeOptogenetic fMRI (ofMRI) is a novel tool in neurophysiology and neuroimaging. The method is prone to light‐induced artifacts, two of which were investigated in this study.MethodsofMRI was performed in rats using two excitatory opsins (ChR2 and C1V1TT) virally transduced in somatosensory cortex or thalamus. Heat‐induced apparent BOLD activation at the site of the optical fiber and stimulation light–induced activation of the visual pathways were investigated, and control experiments for these two artifacts were established.ResultsSpecific optogenetic BOLD activation was observed with both opsins, accompanied by BOLD in the visual pathways. Unspecific heat‐induced BOLD was ruled out by a control experiment employing low‐level constant illumination in addition to pulsed optogenetic stimulation. Activation of the visual pathways was confirmed to be physiological by direct visual stimulation of the eyes and was suppressed by additional low‐level constant light to the eyes. Light inside the brain was identified as one source of the BOLD signal observed in the visual pathways.ConclusionofMRI is a method of tremendous potential, but unspecific activations in fMRI not caused by the activation of opsins must be avoided or recognized as such. The control experiments presented here allow for validating the specificity of optogenetic stimulation. Magn Reson Med 77:126–136, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A model for geographically distributed combat interactions of swarming naval and air forces
Authors: McLemore Connor , Gaver Donald , Jacobs Patricia 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis article describes the Distributed Interaction Campaign Model (DICM), an exploratory campaign analysis tool and asset allocation decision‐aid for managing geographically distributed and swarming naval and air forces. The model is capable of fast operation, while accounting for uncertainty in an opponent's plan. It is intended for use by commanders and analysts who have limited time for model runs, or a finite budget. The model is purpose‐built for the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, and supports analysis of the following questions: What happens when swarms of geographically distributed naval and air forces engage each other and what are the key elements of the opponents’ force to attack? Are there changes to force structure that make a force more effective, and what impacts will disruptions in enemy command and control and wide‐area surveillance have? Which insights are to be gained by fast exploratory mathematical/computational campaign analysis to augment and replace expensive and time‐consuming simulations? An illustrative example of model use is described in a simple test scenario. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 562–576, 2016
Level workforce planning for multistage transfer lines
Authors: Vairaktarakis George , Szmerekovsky Joseph G. , Xu Jiayan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this article, we define two different workforce leveling objectives for serial transfer lines. Each job is to be processed on each transfer station for c time periods (e.g., hours). We assume that the number of workers needed to complete each operation of a job in precisely c periods is given. Jobs transfer forward synchronously after every production cycle (i.e., c periods). We study two leveling objectives: maximin workforce size
() and min range (R). Leveling objectives produce schedules where the cumulative number of workers needed in all stations of a transfer line does not experience dramatic changes from one production cycle to the next. For and a two‐station system, we develop a fast polynomial algorithm. The range problem is known to be NP‐complete. For the two‐station system, we develop a very fast optimal algorithm that uses a tight lower bound and an efficient procedure for finding complementary Hamiltonian cycles in bipartite graphs. Via a computational experiment, we demonstrate that range schedules are superior because not only do they limit the workforce fluctuations from one production cycle to the next, but they also do so with a minor increase in the total workforce size. We extend our results to the m‐station system and develop heuristic algorithms. We find that these heuristics work poorly for min range (R), which indicates that special structural properties of the m‐station problem need to be identified before we can develop efficient algorithms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 577–590, 2016
External motivators for donation of money and/or goods
Authors: Mainardes Emerson Wagner , Laurett Rozélia , Degasperi Nívea Coelho Pereira , Lasso Sarah Venturim 
Published: December 2016

This research sought to identify and group the external motivators that encourage individuals in emerging countries to donate money and/or goods. Therefore, 46 external variables were identified in the literature that motivate an individual to donate. They were grouped by similarity into five external donation motivating factors (environmental and/or political motivation, the cause or circumstances of the donation, the organisation's characteristics, influence from third parties, and personal rewards) that resulted in a proposed donation model. This model was supported by semi‐structured interviews with 22 individuals who donate money and/or goods frequently. The results supported the existence of the five proposed factors in the model and three new variables were identified: a “lack of government support,” “service for the donor” and “donation tuition with low value.”
Impaired adrenergic agonist‐dependent beige adipocyte induction in aged mice
Authors: Shin Woongchul , Okamatsu‐Ogura Yuko , Machida Ken , Tsubota Ayumi , Nio‐Kobayashi Junko , Kimura Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveThere are two types of thermogenic adipocytes expressing uncoupling protein (UCP)−1: the brown adipocyte activated by adrenergic stimulation and the beige adipocyte that appears within the white adipose tissue (WAT) in response to chronic adrenergic stimulation. This study examined age‐related changes in responses of both types of adipocytes to adrenergic stimulation in mice.MethodsAged (age 20 months) and young (4 months) mice were injected daily with either saline or β3‐adrenergic receptor agonist CL316,243 (CL; 0.1 mg/kg, once a day) for 1 week.ResultsThe body and WAT weight tended to be higher in aged mice. CL treatment increased UCP‐1 protein amounts in both brown adipose tissue and inguinal WAT, suggesting activation of brown and beige adipocytes. However, induction of beige adipocytes was impaired in aged mice, whereas brown adipocyte activation was comparable to young mice. The number of platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α‐expressing progenitor cells, which were reported to differentiate into beige adipocytes, significantly decreased in inguinal WAT of aged mice compared with that of young mice.ConclusionsInductive ability of beige adipocytes in WAT declines with aging in mice. It may be partly because of a decreased number of progenitor cells associated with aging.
The effect of exercise on body composition and bone mineral density in breast cancer survivors taking aromatase inhibitors
Authors: Thomas Gwendolyn A. , Cartmel Brenda , Harrigan Maura , Fiellin Martha , Capozza Scott , Zhou Yang , Ercolano Elizabeth , Gross Cary P. , Hershman Dawn , Ligibel Jennifer , Schmitz Kathryn , Li Fang‐Yong , Sanft Tara , Irwin Melinda L. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveThis study examined the effect of 12 months of aerobic and resistance exercise versus usual care on changes in body composition in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors taking aromatase inhibitors (AIs).MethodsThe Hormones and Physical Exercise study enrolled 121 breast cancer survivors and randomized them to either supervised twice‐weekly resistance exercise training and 150 min/wk of aerobic exercise (N = 61) or a usual care (N = 60) group. Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scans were conducted at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months to assess changes in body mass index, percent body fat, lean body mass, and bone mineral density.ResultsAt 12 months, the exercise group relative to the usual care group had a significant increase in lean body mass (0.32 vs. −0.88 kg, P = 0.03), a decrease in percent body fat (−1.4% vs. 0.48%, P = 0.03), and a decrease in body mass index (−0.73 vs. 0.17 kg/m2, P = 0.03). Change in bone mineral density was not significantly different between groups at 12 months (0.001 vs. −0.006 g/cm2, P = 0.37).ConclusionsA combined resistance and aerobic exercise intervention improved body composition in breast cancer survivors taking AIs. Exercise interventions may help to mitigate the negative side effects of AIs and improve health outcomes in breast cancer survivors.
Digital sociology and information science research
Authors: Greyson Devon , Quan‐Haase Anabel , Cooke Nicole A. , Worrall Adam 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTDigital sociology is a new subfield of sociology that has challenged the discipline to engage with digital methods, information practices, and questions of societal data use. Such topics have been central to information science research for decades; however, renewed attention being called to them by sociologists creates both opportunities and challenges for information researchers who incorporate sociological theory or methods into their work. This panel invites audience members to consider the emergence of digital sociology and to explore what it means for information science research. Panelists, drawing on a variety of disciplinary roots, will introduce and contextualize the idea of digital sociology, explore issues related to the existing and potential intersection between digital sociology and information science, and examine tensions and criticisms related to sociological digital information research. Following a brief introduction and presentations from four panelists who are themselves using or exploring digital sociology in information research, there will be an open question and answer session with the audience, followed by World Café style small group discussions designed for attendees to share perspectives, make connections with each other, and discuss methods for future research with a sociological lens.
Information practices meet lifelogging technologies: Towards a successful multimethod research framework
Authors: Joho Hideo , Gurrin Cathal , Heinström Jannica , Matsubayashi Mamiko 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTInformation Practice research emphasises on contextual factors such as the situation, social roles, collaborators, or communications of information behaviour. This wider scope allows us to gain enriched, deeper, and complex understanding of how people interact with information in various contexts. However, this also poses researchers many challenges in data collection and analyses, since conventional methods such as observations, interviews, surveys might not either possible or complete. Meanwhile, a range of wearable devices have become commodity and collecting a large amount of personal lifelog data has become much easier than before. On the other hand, the researchers who are familiar with qualitative methods and computational methods do not often communicate, although they are likely to have common research agenda.This proposed panel provides a unique opportunity to invite panellists from the two research communities, and discusses how lifelogging technologies may (or may not!) contribute and transform information practice research. The panel will also involve the audience in sharing their personal or scientific experience with lifelogging technologies, or their expectations or concerns regarding the use of lifelogging technologies in their research. Outcomes from the panel discussion should yield some clear pointers that can facilitate multimethod research in Information Practices.
Open innovation in smart cities: Civic participation and co‐creation of public services
Authors: Mainka Agnes , Castelnovo Walter , Miettinen Virve , Bech‐Petersen Sidsel , Hartmann Sarah , Stock Wolfgang G. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this panel is to discuss actual developments in the co‐creation of public services and the role of information science within it. With the advent of the knowledge society, participation and co‐creation of public services have become crucial in smart‐city decision‐making processes. Transfer of knowledge through face‐to‐face interaction and the transfer of information through digital networks are spurring the process of innovation. The combination of both dimensions needs particular attention in the field of information science to enable suitable methods of knowledge management at a city level. This panel will bring together best‐practice examples and research frameworks. In real‐world scenarios, citizens are involved in decision‐making in the case of public library development. First, frameworks of smart‐city assessment and of knowledge management at the city level are discussed. Finally, the role of information science in open innovation processes will be the focus of this panel. For this purpose, the panel brings together researchers and practitioners from library and information science, as well as from neighboring disciplines, to discuss how information and communication technology (ICT) and open innovation are changing our society, culture, and urban space.
Life after tenure: Professional development strategies for mid‐career faculty
Authors: Byström Katriina , Given Lisa M. , Lopatovska Irene , O'Brien Heather , Rorissa Abebe 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTMany publications, institutional policies, and resources focus on the professional development of doctoral students and junior faculty while professional development needs and resources available to mid‐career faculty receive limited attention. The proposed panel aims to facilitate a discussion on issues faced by mid‐career faculty in the information disciplines. Professional development resources and strategies currently available to mid‐career faculty and administration will also be discussed. The panelists will include mid‐career and senior faculty from various institutions and information disciplines who will bring their multi‐disciplinary and international perspectives to the panel. The panel will be of interest to faculty and academic administrators at all‐levels of their careers.
Archival interventions: Anti‐violence and social justice work in community contexts
Authors: Ghaddar Jamila , Allard Danielle , Hubbard Melissa A. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis panel invites participants and panelists to consider together how archives and other information institutions might work with and engage communities experiencing ongoing and extreme (neo)colonial violence and oppression. We begin from a perspective that suggests that community and/or autonomous archives that reflect community perspectives and histories may indeed have the potential to support the efforts of these same communities to grapple with complex and violent (neo)colonial histories and experiences and to re‐story dominant narratives that serve to stigmatize and marginalize them. This panel explores both the possibilities and limitations of antiviolence archival interventions from a number of angles, including: interrogating the role of the archivist in community archiving; reflecting on how partnerships can be built between archival institutions and communities; and considering how anti‐violence, anti‐racist, decolonizing, and feminist theoretical frameworks can aid archival interventions that speak to the efforts of communities aimed at overcoming structural violence and erasure. Drawing on the archival experiences and practice of panelists, this panel poses a series of questions to the audience to generate discussions aimed at drawing connections between relevant theories, and practical and technical considerations in the service of anti‐violence archiving.
Crowdsourcing approaches for knowledge organization systems: Crowd collaboration or crowd work?
Authors: Zhitomirsky‐Geffet Maayan , Kwaśnik Barbara H. , Bullard Julia , Hajibayova Lala , Hamari Juho , Bowman Timothy 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTDevelopment of Internet technologies has empowered ordinary users to create, contribute, share and connect with other members of the community. As users learn to exploit the potential of networked communications, they participate in a process, which facilitates a shift from individual to collective contributions and introduces an opportunity for multi‐vocal and multi‐faceted representation of cultural heritage. Open access to crowdsourced collections requires reconsideration of the traditional authoritative approach of cultural heritage institutions. The arduous nature of the work rendered voluntarily in cultural heritage crowdsourcing initiatives calls for reconsideration of power relationships and giving power to devoted contributors supported by modern “intelligent” technology to regulate the process of representation and organization. Taking into consideration the fact that crowdsourced data are not without flaws, the question is how to better utilize the collective intelligence to create quality information. In this context, various issues such as power, control, trust, inter‐contributor consensus, heterogeneity of opinions will be raised and discussed by the panelists. Each of the panelists comes from a different field of expertise (Computer science, Information science, Economics, Communication studies, cultural heritage) and various cultural backgrounds and geographical locations (United States, Europe and Israel). This diversity will be reflected in the presented perspectives on the crowdsourcing topic.