bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of Deep Learning–Based Infectivity Prediction in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Through Chest Radiography: Retrospective Study
Authors: Chung Wou young , Yoon Jinsik , Yoon Dukyong , Kim Songsoo , Kim Yujeong , Park Ji Eun , Kang Young Ae 
Published: September 2024

Background
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) poses a global health challenge owing to the time-intensive nature of traditional diagnostic tests such as smear and culture tests, which can require hours to weeks to yield results.

Objective
This study aimed to use artificial intelligence (AI)–based chest radiography (CXR) to evaluate the infectivity of patients with PTB more quickly and accurately compared with traditional methods such as smear and culture tests.

Methods
We used DenseNet121 and visualization techniques such as gradient-weighted class activation mapping and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations to demonstrate the decision-making process of the model. We analyzed 36,142 CXR images of 4492 patients with PTB obtained from Severance Hospital, focusing specifically on the lung region through segmentation and cropping with TransUNet. We used data from 2004 to 2020 to train the model, data from 2021 for testing, and data from 2022 to 2023 for internal validation. In addition, we used 1978 CXR images of 299 patients with PTB obtained from Yongin Severance Hospital for external validation.

Results
In the internal validation, the model achieved an accuracy of 73.27%, an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.79, and an area under the precision-recall curve of 0.77. In the external validation, it exhibited an accuracy of 70.29%, an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.77, and an area under the precision-recall curve of 0.8. In addition, gradient-weighted class activation mapping and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations provided insights into the decision-making process of the AI model.

Conclusions
This proposed AI tool offers a rapid and accurate alternative for evaluating PTB infectivity through CXR, with significant implications for enhancing screening efficiency by evaluating infectivity before sputum test results in clinical settings, compared with traditional smear and culture tests.
Multimedia Interaktif Berbasis Kontekstual Cerita Anak: Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Cerita Dongeng Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rahayu Rina , Ansari Khairil 
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan multimedia interaktif berbasis kontekstual yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Penelitian yang dilakukan termasuk Penelitian Pengembangan dengan model pengembangan 4D. Dikembangkan media pembelajaran menggunakan Adobe Flash. Penelitian dilakukan di SDN 2 Peureulak, Kabupaten Aceh Timur, Provinsi Aceh. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas III A di SDN 2 Peureulak, dan objek penelitian adalah media pembelajaran berbasis Kontekstual Cerita Anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa: (1) uji validitas multimedia berbasis kontekstual dari 3 ahli yakni ahli materi sebesar 82%, ahli multimedia sebesar 78% dan ahli bahasa sebesar 90%, dinyatakan rata-rata valid; (2) uji praktikalitas diperoleh dari hasil uji respon siswa dan uji respon guru. Hasil ujicoba respon siswa skala kecil skor persentase sebesar 79% dan hasil ujicoba respon siswa skala besar 76%. uji respon guru sebesar 87%. Rata-rata uji coba sebesar 87% dengan kategori Praktis; dan (3) Uji Efektifitas diperoleh Gain-Score atau peningkataan keterampilan menulis siswa dilihat dari pretest dan posttest terdapat peningkatan skor rata-rata 0,56 œSedang dalam hasil belajarnya. Hasil analisis gain score 0,60 kategori sedang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan multimedia pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan hasli belajar siswa dan telah memenuhi kriteria Efektif. Keywords: Cerita anak, keterampilan menulis, multimedia
Aktifitas Intervensi Motorik Terhadap Pengembangan Keterampilan Motorik Kasar Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Tanjung Salsabila Hasiana , Kamtini Kamtini , Novitri Dwi Maya 
Published: September 2024

Pelaksanaan penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh aktifitas pembelajaran yang dimuat dalam kegiatan-kegiatan gerak anak, yang terstruktur sesuai dengan capaian perkembangan motorik anak usia empat sampai lima tahun. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 80 siswa prasekolah. Rangkaian tes psikomotor digunakan untuk mengevaluasi profil capaian perkembangan motorik anak saat sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi. Program pembelajaran diberikan berdasarkan permainan bebas yang digunakan dalam kelompok pembanding selama periode yang sama. Anak-anak prasekolah pada kedua kelompok mendapat peningkatan yang signifikan dibandingkan pra-intervensi dengan pasca-intervensi dalam koordinasi anggota gerak. Perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik dalam pengukuran pasca-intervensi antara kelompok kelas pembanding dan kelompok intervensi pada koordinasi lengan dan kaki yang diamati jika dibandingkan kelompok pembanding. Ditunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk menstimulasi fisik yang terstruktur sesuai dengan capaian perkembangan motorik anak lebih baik daripada anak diberikan permainan bebas untuk mencapai perkembangan motorik kasar yang memadai pada anak prasekolah.Keywords : Anak, Motorik Pembelajaran
Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Animasi: Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Maulisa Ellyza , Saragih Abdul Hasan , Sibuea Abdul Muin 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menghasilkan media pembelajaran yaitu video pembelajaran animasi untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar pada pelajaran Matematika yang efektif dan mudah digunakan untuk pembelajaran Matematika. Pada penelitian ini digunakan model pengembangan ADDIE, dengan tahapannya Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation dan Evaluation. Mengetahui efektifitas video dan kelayakan video dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada kelas IV SD Negeri 068083 Medan yang dipilih secara cluster random sampling kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perolehan nilai dari ahli dan responden uji coba berada pada kategori œsangat layak dengan persentase 89% dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara skor rata-rata nilai posttest siswa kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol, dan nilai tersebut dikuatkan dengan tanggapan siswa melalui angket yang disebarkan kepada siswa terhadap penggunaan video pembelajaran animasi. Dengan demikian, dapat dibuktikan bahwa video pembelajaran animasi yang dikembangkan layak dan efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Matematika siswa keas IV SD. Keywords: Video pembelajaran, animasi, Matematika
Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusi di SDN Haurngombong II
Authors: Amalida Lusi , Herawati Nenden Ineu 
Published: September 2024

Pendidikan inklusif memiliki peran penting dalam mewujudkan kesetaraan, partisipasi, dan penghargaan terhadap keragaman di lingkungan pendidikan. Meskipun implementasinya masih dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan dan hambatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui implementasi pendidikan inklusif di SDN Haurngombong II. Jenis dan pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif studi kasus. Responden penelitian yaitu kepala sekolah dan guru. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknis analisis triangulasi data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian permasalahan yang muncul terkait implementasi program pendidikan inklusi adalah kaitannya guru, siswa, orangtua, sekolah, masyarakat, pemerintah dan masih kurangnya sarana prasarana yang mendukung pelaksanaan program sekolah inklusi. Hal ini juga dikarenakan kurang adanya kerjasama dari berbagai pihak. Guru merupakan faktor utama dalam proses pendidikan inklusi, tetapi tanpa adanya bantuan dari pihak lain pelaksanaan sekolah inklusi tidak bisa berjalan dengan maksimal, sehingga selain guru yang ditangani, perlu juga menumbuhkan budaya sekolah inklusi baik didalam sekolah itu sendiri ataupun komunitas diluar sekolah tersebut, selain itu kebijakan pemerintah juga sangat menentukan pelaksanaan sekolah inklusi. Dalam pelaksanaan sekolah inklusi perlu adanya persiapan layanan dan sarana prasarana yang menunjang serta dukungan dari pemerintah sehingga implemtasi program pendidikan inklusi di sekolah dasar dapat terimplementasi dengan baik.Keywords: Pendidikan inklusi, Sekolah Dasar
Inovasi Pembelajaran Proyek: Pengembangan Pop Up Book untuk Meningkatkan Bahasa Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Batubara Rofiqoh , Yetti Sri Milfa , Siman Siman 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengembangan, kelayakan dan efektivitas Up Book dalam pembelajaran proyek sebagai strategi mengembangkan bahasa anak usia 5-6 tahun. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D), dengan subjek penelitian adalah siswa UPTD TK Negeri Sei Alim Hasak yang berjumlah 25 orang siswa dan 2 orang guru TK. Objek penelitian adalah Up Book bermuatan proyek. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Produk Up Book memenuhi syarat dan layak digunakan berdasarkan validasi ahli materi meliputi aspek kelayakan isi dengan rata-rata 86,45% pada kriteria œsangat baik, aspek kelayakan penyajian dengan rata-rata 84,72% pada kriteria œsangat baik, aspek bahasa rata-rata 86,11% pada kriteria œsangat baik, dan validasi ahli desain rata-rata 88% pada kriteria œsangat baik; (2) Rata-rata pada siswa yang menggunakan Up Book lebih tinggi jumlah 26 rata-rata 81,25 dibandingkan nilai rata-rata siswa sebelum menggunakan Up Book yang berjumlah 20 dengan rata-rata 63,43. Sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa sebelum menggunakan Up Book dan sesudah menggunakan Up Book pada pembelajaran bahasa anak usia 5-6 tahun. Disimpulkan bahwa Up Book yang dikembangan efektif dan layak dipakai sebagai sumber belajar. Keywords: Pop up book, pembelajaran proyek, bahasa anak
Peran Media Poster Pada Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling Siswa/I Kelas VI di SD Sunan Bonang
Authors: El Tamam Muhammad Badru , Wiantina Nur Azmi , Muttaqin Muhammad Fauzan 
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan media poster dalam layanan bimbingan dan konseling bagi siswa kelas VI sekolah dasar. Pendekatan studi kasus kualitatif digunakan dalam penyelidikan ini. Selain dokumentasi pendukung, observasi dan wawancara dengan kepala sekolah, seorang guru kelas enam, dan tiga siswa kelas enam digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Peneliti menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknis sebagai alat keabsahan data. Peneliti akan menggunakan langkah reduksi, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan untuk menilai data yang dikumpulkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, guru kelas VI SD Sunan Bonang menggunakan media poster yang sangat bermanfaat untuk layanan bimbingan dan konseling. Guru kelas VI SD Sunan Bonang ternyata telah memberikan berbagai layanan bimbingan dan konseling, namun ia belum mampu melakukannya secara efisien dan berhasil. Guru kelas VI, siswa, dan pengelola sekolah semuanya telah memperhatikan bagaimana layanan nasehat dan konseling diberikan melalui media poster dalam kegiatan siswa. Keywords: Media Poster, Layanan Bimbingan, Konseling Siswa, Sekolah Dasar
E-Modul Tematik Interaktif: Membuat Pembelajaran Lebih Menyenangkan dengan Canva di SD
Authors: Murni Deli , Siagian Sahat , Tanjung Samsidar 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan E-Modul Tematik menggunakan Canva untuk meningkatkan kemampuan di Sekolah Dasar yang layak, praktis dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (1) Uji validasi ahli materi dalam kategori sangat layak dengan skor rata-rata 90%. (2) Uji validasi ahli desain instruksional dalam kriteria sangat layak dengan skor rata-rata 94%. (3) Uji validasi ahli media dalam kategori sangat layak dengan skor rata-rata 91%. (4) Uji coba perorangan kriteria sangat baik dengan skor rata-rata 91%. (5) Uji coba kelompok kecil dalam kriteria sangat baik dengan skor rata-rata 89%, dan (6) Uji coba lapangan masuk dalam kriteria sangat baik dengan skor rata-rata 92%. Uji kepraktisan oleh guru hasil sangat baik dengan skor rata-rata 91%, sedangkan hasil uji kepraktisan pada siswa skor rata-rata 91% yang masuk pada kategori sangat baik. Hasil belajar pada percobaan penggunaan E-Modul Tematik Kelas VI SD menggunakan Canva pada kelas eksperimen rata-rata nilai 91, sedangkan siswa yang diajarkan tanpa menggunakan E-modul Tematik menggunakan Canva mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 75. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Independent t-test sebesar 2,65 dengan signifikansi 0,012. Ketika taraf signifikansi ditetapkan pada alpha 5%. Keywords: E-modul, tematik, Canva, sekolah dasar.
Body Shape Variations of Tank Goby Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton 1822) in Three Distinct Water Bodies of Central Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Le Thuy Lan , Tran Van Giang , Nguyen Duc Thanh , Bui Van Loi , Tran Thi Kim Anh , Nguyen Ty 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Tank goby Glossogobius giuris is widely distributed across Vietnamese rivers, estuaries, and lagoons, particularly in the central region where this species plays a pivotal role as a high commercial source for local communities. In this study, we employed landmark-based geometric morphometrics to compare the morphometric variations among three distinct populations of G. giuris inhabiting the Tam Giang Lagoon (Thua Thien Hue Province), Nhat Le Estuary (Quang Binh Province), and Truong Giang River (Quang Nam Province), Vietnam. The analysis, utilizing Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) with Mahalanobis distances, revealed significant differences in the body shape among the three populations (P < 0.001). Specifically, with respect to the lateral side, the highest Mahalanobis distance was observed between specimens from the Tam Giang and Nhat Le, followed by the Tam Giang and Truong Giang River, with the lowest value found between the Nhat Le and Truong Giang. A similar pattern was observed for the dorsal side. Canonical variate analysis (CVA) illustrated three distinct groups with statistical significance in all cases (P < 0.001) and the confusion matrix showed a high corrected grouping rate of 88.5% for the lateral side and 82.8% for the dorsal side. These findings indicated notable variations in the body shape of G. giuris among the three studied areas. Fish sampled from the Tam Giang Lagoon exhibited a streamlined body shape, while those from the Truong Giang River and Nhat Le Estuary displayed a deeper body profile. The observed morphological differences among these fish populations are likely attributed to phenotypic adaptations driven by environmental factors and habitat distinctions. Importantly, this study marks the first attempt to compare the body shape variations of G. giuris in both freshwater and estuarine environments within central Vietnam, utilizing a landmark-based geometric approach. These findings provide crucial insights for further investigations into the ecological adaptations and evolutionary processes of this fish species.
Peirce’s more-than-human philosophy, its precursors, and its heirs
Authors: Nöth Winfried , Santaella Lucia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The paper discusses the more-than-human aspects of Charles S. Peirce’s semiotic philosophy, contextualizes it within the history of ideas (Aristotle, the Medievals, Montaigne, Descartes) and examines its syntony with and differences from 21st century trends of cultural and philosophical studies (posthumanism, nonhuman studies, Object-Oriented-Ontology, and the more-than-human paradigm).
Geo-societal More-than-Humanness
Authors: Bohle Martin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Natural sciences paradigms guide this essay’s perspectives. Given the complex-adaptive dynamics of the Earth System, cultures are drivers and prompts of human and natural (sub)systems, respectively. The essay combines geo-philosophical thought and Semiotic Cultural Psychological Theory to depict an ideal-typic narrative of people’s sensemaking culture as an intrinsic part of the Earth System. Generic characteristics of marine operations (e.g., mining at the seabed) illustrate the description. The essay claims that human culture is an attribute of the Earth System, i.e., the nexus that ties human socio-cultural domains and planetary technosphere, biosphere and geosphere, and that more-than-humanness is one of the nexus’ attributes.
The physics of meaning: More than inhuman?
Authors: Hartley John 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The ambition of this paper is to say that if “cultural science” accepts the need to rethink culture along scientific rather than just critical lines, then at the same time physics must rethink its own commitment to “culture-free” methodology. That has only yielded what we might call “meaningless universe theory,” without addressing ways that physics as a discourse is strongly marked by culture, with the usual signs of gender, race, and hegemony present in its methods. It needs to take responsibility for applications of its discoveries that enter the cultural sphere only to threaten its total annihilation. An alternative to meaninglessness might be to take more seriously the marginalized and derided cultures of everyday thinking, as is attempted by Bogna Konior, and for physics-as-a-discipline to join the effort to reform science. If self-criticism is good for the cultural goose, then it’s good for the scientific gander; and a “cultural science” should say so. Since physics is the most scientific and least cultural of the sciences, this paper uses it as a limit case of knowledge realism. I argue that a science of culture requires reform of the ideology and applications of science as well as new models of culture.
How nonhumans are included in relationships
Authors: Trosper Ronald L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Although the cultures of Indigenous peoples vary greatly, most emphasize two features in their world views. They believe relationships are fundamental and that relationships exist when all conscious entities interact. To establish good relationships, the participants treat each other well and try to understand each other. Because consciousness extends to nonhumans, good relationships require including them. The essay describes six rules that are followed by those who wish to create and maintain good strong relationships, with examples of applying the rules both among humans and among humans and nonhumans. It concludes by briefly describing qualities of good relationships and why these qualities, such as trust and equity, matter. Good relationships support biodiversity and ecosystem productivity.
Non-human animal cultures, co-cultures and conservation
Authors: Sueur Cedric 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Animal culture involves the transmission of behaviours through social learning, which plays a crucial role in species’ survival and adaptability to changing environments. Co-cultures, which describe the mutual cultural evolution between species, underscore the importance of interspecies interactions in maintaining ecological balance and resilience. The loss of these cultural practices can lead to a decline in population viability, reduced genetic diversity, and destabilised ecosystems, ultimately impacting the services these ecosystems provide to human health and well-being. The preservation of cultural traits is essential for maintaining biodiversity, ensuring species’ adaptive capacities, and supporting the overall health of ecosystems, which are critical for the survival of both non-human animals and humans. Integrating the conservation of animal cultures and co-cultures into broader conservation and One Health strategies is necessary to protect the delicate balance of life on Earth and ensure the well-being of all species.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FLY ASH CEMENT PASTE AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUSTAINABLE MATERIAL FOR BALINESE ARCHITECTURAL ORNAMENTS
Authors: Agustini Ni Komang Ayu , Yujana Cok Agung , Aryastana Putu , Darmawan Gede Surya 
Published: September 2024

In Bali, the demand for ornament architecture material especially natural stone is still high. The problem is the availability of material sources especially the stones is very limited. It is necessary to study alternative environmental materials that can be used as Balinese architectural ornaments. This study aims to understand the feasibility of fly ash cement paste as an alternative material based on their properties such as bulk density and compressive strength. The material composition in this research consists of cement, fly ash, fiber, superplasticizer, and water. The binder composition is a ratio of 1 cement: 2 fly ash. The water and binder ratio is fixed at 0.35. The variation in the materials was varied according to (i) fiber (0.05%, 0.025%, and 0.01%) and (ii) superplasticizer (0.1% and 0.05%). The mixture composition was determined using the absolute volume method. All samples were mixed according to ASTM C305. The mechanical strength of the material was tested according to ASTM C109 (2002) using 50 mm cube specimens. The highest compressive strength occurred when 0.1% SP and 0.025% fiber were mixed in the mixture. Based on the result, the fly ash-cement paste has a higher strength compared with other stones while having a similar bulk density. Basalt stone, a popular ornamental architectural material in Bali, has a compressive strength of 19.42 MPa, which is 44% lower than the fly ash-cement paste mixture. Andesite stone has a better compressive strength than basalt stone but a lower compressive strength by around 29% than fly ash cement paste material. Fly ash cement paste has a similar bulk density to red brick and andesite stone. Sandstone has the lowest compressive strength, about 3.87 MPa. The temple with fly ash-cement material is brownish in color. This is due to the fact that the color of fly ash dominates the proportion. When compared to other stone materials such as basalt stone, andesite stone, and red brick, fly ash cement has the highest compressive strength and the lowest price.
Authors: - Yasinta , Dewi I Gusti Ayu Manuati 
Published: September 2024

This research aims to examine the relationship between Job satisfaction, Work-Life Balance , and emotional exhaustion among outsourcing employees of PT Kharisma Duta Anggada in Denpasar. The sample consists of 78 employees selected using a non-probability sampling method with a saturation sampling technique. The data collection methods employed in this study are interviews and the distribution of questionnaires. The analytical technique utilized is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The research findings indicate that Work-Life Balance has a positive and significant impact on Job satisfaction, Work-Life Balance negatively and significantly affects emotional exhaustion, emotional exhaustion has a negative and significant influence on Job satisfaction, and emotional exhaustion mediates the effect of Work-Life Balance on Job satisfaction. This suggests that employees who perceive a balance between work and family tend to experience lower emotional exhaustion, leading to increased Job satisfaction. This research is expected to serve as a reference for managerial decision-making and provide insights for PT Kharisma Duta Anggada in Denpasar or similar companies to prioritize employee Job satisfaction by allowing employees to take leave to attend to their personal lives or interests, thereby reducing emotional exhaustion and enhancing overall Job satisfaction.