bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metronomic therapy with oral 6-mercaptopurine in elderly acute myeloid leukemia: A prospective pilot study
Authors: Kapoor Akhil , Beniwal Surender Kumar , Kalwar Ashok , Singhal Mukesh Kumar , Nirban Raj Kumar , Kumar Harvindra Singh 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in elderly patients differs biologically from that in younger patients and is known to have unfavorable chromosomal rearrangements, higher resistance, and lower tolerance to chemotherapy. In such circumstances, instead of giving full-blown chemotherapy, palliative metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) could be a treatment option. Patients and Methods: We performed a prospective pilot study of old AML patients (age >60 years) not amenable to curative treatment. Thirty-two patients were enrolled into the study and were treated with daily oral 6-mercaptopurine 75 mg/m 2 . The following inclusion criteria were used: age >60 years, nonpromyelocytic AML, the absence of uncontrolled comorbidities, and patient not amenable to curative treatment. Overall survival (OS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to calculate the hazards ratio of significant factors. Results: The median age of the patients was 69 years (range: 61-86 years) with male: female ratio of 2.5:1. About 59.4% of patients had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 while rest had the status of 3. The median OS was 6 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.4-7.6). Males had median OS of 7 months (95% CI: 5.4-8.6) versus females with OS of 3 months (95% CI: 1.5-4.4; P = 0.008). There was no survival difference on the basis of baseline hemoglobin or French-American-British class. There were no Grade 4 toxicities and no episode of febrile neutropenia. Conclusions: MCT with oral 6-mercaptopurine is an attractive treatment option in elderly AML patients who are not amenable to curative therapy with minimal toxicities.
Evaluation of p16 hypermethylation in oral submucous fibrosis: A quantitative and comparative analysis in buccal cells and saliva using real-time methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Kaliyaperumal Subadra , Sankarapandian Sathasivasubramanian 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the hypermethylation of p16 gene in buccal cells and saliva of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients using real-time quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to compare the values of two methods. Subjects and Methods: A total of 120 samples were taken from 60 subjects selected for this study, of which 30 were controls and 30 patients were clinically and histopathologically diagnosed with OSMF. In both groups, two sets of samples were collected, one directly from the buccal cells through cytobrush technique and the other through salivary rinse. We analyzed the samples for the presence of p16 hypermethylation using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: In OSMF, the hypermethylation status of p16 in buccal cells was very high (93.3%) and in salivary samples, it was partially methylated (50%). However, no hypermethylation was found in controls suggesting that significant quantity of p16 hypermethylation was present in buccal cells and saliva in OSMF. Conclusions: This study indicates that buccal cell sampling may be a better method for evaluation than the salivary samples. It signifies that hypermethylation of p16 is an important factor to be considered in epigenetic alterations of normal cells to oral precancer, i.e. OSMF.
Time Series Analysis for Forecasting Hospital Census: Application to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Hoover Stephen , Jackson Eric , Paul David , Locke Robert , Capan Muge 
Published: May 2016

SummaryAccurate prediction of future patient census in hospital units is essential for patient safety, health outcomes, and resource planning. Forecasting census in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is particularly challenging due to limited ability to control the census and clinical trajectories. The fixed average census approach, using average census from previous year, is a forecasting alternative used in clinical practice, but has limitations due to census variations.Our objectives are to: (i) analyze the daily NICU census at a single health care facility and develop census forecasting models, (ii) explore models with and without patient data characteristics obtained at the time of admission, and (iii) evaluate accuracy of the models compared with the fixed average census approach.We used five years of retrospective daily NICU census data for model development (January 2008 - December 2012, N=1827 observations) and one year of data for validation (January - December 2013, N=365 observations). Best-fitting models of ARIMA and linear regression were applied to various 7-day prediction periods and compared using error statistics.The census showed a slightly increasing linear trend. Best fitting models included a nonseasonal model, ARIMA(1,0,0), seasonal ARIMA models, ARIMA(1,0,0)×(1,1,2)7 and ARIMA(2,1,4)×(1,1,2)14, as well as a seasonal linear regression model. Proposed forecasting models resulted on average in 36.49% improvement in forecasting accuracy compared with the fixed average census approach.Time series models provide higher prediction accuracy under different census conditions compared with the fixed average census approach. Presented methodology is easily applicable in clinical practice, can be generalized to other care settings, support shortand long-term census forecasting, and inform staff resource planning.
La obesidad infantil: estado de la cuestión y posibles líneas de investigación futura
Authors: García Cortés Beatriz 
Published: May 2016

<p>La obesidad infantil, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), afectaba en 2010 a 42 millones de niños en todo el mundo, 35 millones de los cuales viven en países en desarrollo (WHO, 2010).</p><p>Se trata de un problema social, político y económico que afecta a un sector amplio, vulnerable y estratégico de la población. Dado su origen multifactorial, requiere de una atención multisectorial.</p><p>El objetivo de este estudio es enmarcar un estado de la cuestión multidisciplinar sobre la cuestión desde una mirada social. Se realiza una revisión documental que considera todas aquellas investigaciones relevantes, tanto a nivel internacional como nacional, realizadas hasta el momento y atendiendo especialmente a las publicadas en los últimos cinco años.</p><p>Se espera esclarecer acuerdos y disonancias en las propuestas de lucha y prevención de la obesidad infantil así como en la atribución de culpabilidades y causas con las que se ha venido asociando la enfermedad, proyectando recomendaciones para futuros estudios que abarquen la obesidad infantil.</p><p> </p>
Structural Umbilical Cord and Placental Abnormalities
Authors: Bartholomew Marguerite Lisa , Broady Autumn J 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe human placenta and umbilical cord are short lived organs that are indispensable for the growth and maturation of the developing fetus. When there is normal placental and cord function, maternal, fetal, childhood, and adult health is more common. Examination of the placenta and umbilical cord may be considered secondary to the fetal examination by sonographers. Ultrasound professionals must be cognizant of the importance of sonographic examination and documentation of the structure of the placenta and umbilical cord. This paper reviews several of the most common structure placental and umbilical cord abnormalities that are detectable with two dimensional ultrasound.How to cite this articleBroady AJ, Bartholomew ML. Structural Umbilical Cord and Placental Abnormalities. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):23-36.
Juvenile Aggressive Trabecular Ossifying Fibroma of Mandible: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Achath Deepa Das , Ghule Abhishek Sanjay , Kanchan-Talreja Preeti , Bhatnagar Sunanda 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTFibroosseous lesions of the jaws, including juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF), pose diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties due to their clinical, radiological, and histological variability. There are two histological varieties of it, one as psammomatoid type and second as trebacular type; here, we present a trebacular type, which is a rare variety. After the clinical examination, radiological and histological analysis, it was diagnosed as juvenile trebacular ossifying fibroma. Although JOF is an uncommon clinical entity, its aggressive local behavior and high recurrence rate means that it is important to make an early diagnosis, apply the appropriate treatment, and, especially, follow-up the patient over the long term.How to cite this articleGhule AS, Achath DD, Kanchan- Talreja P, Bhatnagar S. Juvenile Aggressive Trabecular Ossifying Fibroma of Mandible: A Rare Case Report. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):45-51.
Response of OH airglow emissions to mesospheric gravity waves and comparisons with full-wave model simulation at a low-latitude Indian station
Authors: Ghodpage Rupesh N. , Hickey Michael  P. , Taori Alok K. , Siingh Devendraa , Patil Parashram T. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract. Quasi-monochromatic gravity-wave-induced oscillations, monitored using the mesospheric OH airglow emission over Kolhapur (16.8° N, 74.2° E), India, during January to April 2010 and January to December 2011, have been characterized using the Krassovsky method. The nocturnal variability reveals prominent wave signatures with periods ranging from 5.2 to 10.8 h as the dominant nocturnal wave with embedded short-period waves having wave periods of 1.5–4.4 h. The results show that the magnitude of the Krassovsky parameter, viz. |η|, ranged from 2.1 to 10.2 h for principal or long nocturnal waves (5.2–10.8 h observed periods), and from 1.5 to 5.4 h for the short waves (1.5–4.4 h observed periods) during the years of 2010 and 2011, respectively. The phase (i.e., Φ) values of the Krassovsky parameters exhibited larger variability and varied from −8.1 to −167°. The deduced mean vertical wavelengths are found to be approximately −60.2 ± 20 and −42.8 ± 35 km for long- and short-period waves for the year 2010. Similarly, for 2011 the mean vertical wavelengths are found to be approximately −77.6 ± 30 and −59.2 ± 30 km for long and short wave periods, respectively, indicating that the observations over Kolhapur were dominated by upward-propagating waves. We use a full-wave model to simulate the response of OH emission to the wave motion and compare the results with observed values.
The libRadtran software package for radiative transfer calculations (version 2.0.1)
Authors: Emde Claudia , Buras-Schnell Robert , Kylling Arve , Mayer Bernhard , Gasteiger Josef , Hamann Ulrich , Kylling Jonas , Richter Bettina , Pause Christian , Dowling Timothy , Bugliaro Luca 
Published: May 2016

Abstract. libRadtran is a widely used software package for radiative transfer calculations. It allows one to compute (polarized) radiances, irradiance, and actinic fluxes in the solar and thermal spectral regions. libRadtran has been used for various applications, including remote sensing of clouds, aerosols and trace gases in the Earth's atmosphere, climate studies, e.g., for the calculation of radiative forcing due to different atmospheric components, for UV forecasting, the calculation of photolysis frequencies, and for remote sensing of other planets in our solar system. The package has been described in Mayer and Kylling (2005). Since then several new features have been included, for example polarization, Raman scattering, a new molecular gas absorption parameterization, and several new parameterizations of cloud and aerosol optical properties. Furthermore, a graphical user interface is now available, which greatly simplifies the usage of the model, especially for new users. This paper gives an overview of libRadtran version 2.0.1 with a focus on new features. Applications including these new features are provided as examples of use. A complete description of libRadtran and all its input options is given in the user manual included in the libRadtran software package, which is freely available at http://www.libradtran.org.
The Toxicity Assessment of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate in Nematode C. elegans
Authors: Xue Ting , Yang Linsong 
Published: May 2016

<p class="1Body">Ethyl paraben (EP) is an antiseptic commonly used in food, medicine, cosmetics, and children's products. Parabens are popular due to their broad antibacterial spectrum, low cost, and stable pH characteristics, and though once considered safe as well as effective, recent studies have shown that EP has considerable oestrogenic activity which has adverse effect on the human reproduction system. In our study, we used a <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> assay system to investigate EP toxicity and its underlying mechanism. We found that prolonged exposure to EP decreased body length and locomotion behavior in the nematodes. Furthermore, most of the toxicities were transferable.<strong> </strong>Locomotion behavior defects were only partially recovered in progeny, and higher concentrations caused more significant defects; locomotion behavior improved after subsequent exposure to mutants PMK-1 and PMK-3. Taken together, the results showed that EP exerts adverse effect on <em>C. elegans</em> and may induce toxicity through various underlying mechanisms.</p>
IS en zijn voorgangers: gewelddadig radicalisme in historisch perspectief
Authors: de Graaff B.G.J. 
Published: May 2016

IS and its predecessors. Violent radicalism in historical perspective
Islamic State uses an age old apocalyptic narrative to attract followers and legitimatize its existence. The author shows which narrative elements were used during earlier stages of violence-inciting apocalyptic manifestations in Christianity and Western ideology and how they can be retraced in the communications and enactments of Islamic State. The use of such a narrative explains why the movement has been so much more powerful in attracting followers than al-Qaeda.
Les programmes de prise en charge financière des psychothérapies en Australie et en Angleterre
Authors: Vasiliadis Helen-Maria , Dezetter Anne 
Published: May 2016

L’article décrit les programmes de prise en charge financière des psychothérapies en Australie et en Angleterre.
Au début des années 2000, le gouvernement australien a implanté une réforme de santé publique visant à permettre un meilleur accès, gratuit ou peu coûteux, aux psychothérapies brèves, en soin primaire, pour les personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux courants. Cette réforme reconnaît l’importance du rôle du médecin généraliste dans la prise en charge des troubles, et la collaboration avec les professionnels de santé mentale. Deux programmes ont été mis en oeuvre : Access to Allied Psychological Services en 2003 et Better Access en 2006. En 2009, deux millions d’Australiens ont reçu onze millions de séances de psychothérapies. Les études ont montré des résultats positifs sur l’amélioration de l’accès aux soins de santé mentale primaires et sur la santé des patients.
L’Angleterre a mis en place le programme Improving Access to psychological Therapies en 2007 en offrant un service de psychothérapies brèves pour les personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux courants. Le modèle de soin en étape suit les guides cliniques du National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, le type de professionnel (counselor ou psychothérapeute formés), le nombre de séances (4 à 13) et la méthode thérapeutique varient selon la sévérité du trouble. Un million de patients ont été traités depuis le début du programme. Les études ont aussi montré des résultats de santé positifs pour les patients du programme. En conclusion les programmes de prise en charge des psychothérapies s’avèrent coûts-efficaces.
Open science in practice: Learning integrated modeling of coupled surface‐subsurface flow processes from scratch
Authors: Yu Xuan , Duffy Christopher J. , Rousseau Alain N. , Bhatt Gopal , Pardo Álvarez Álvaro , Charron Dominique 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIntegrated modeling of coupled surface‐subsurface flow and ensuing role in diverse Earth system processes is of current research interest to characterize nonlinear rainfall‐runoff response and also to understand land surface energy balances, biogeochemical processes, geomorphological dynamics, etc. A growing number of complex models have been developed for water‐related research, and many of these are made available to the Earth science community. However, relatively few resources have been made accessible to the potentially large group of Earth science and engineering users. New users have to invest an extraordinary effort to study the models. To provide a stimulating experience focusing on the learning curve of integrated modeling of coupled surface‐subsurface flow, we describe use cases of an open source model, the Penn State Integrated Hydrologic Model, PIHM. New users were guided through data processing and model application by reproducing a numerical benchmark problem and a real‐world watershed simulation. Specifically, we document the PIHM application and its computational workflow to enable intuitive understanding of coupled surface‐subsurface flow processes. In addition, we describe the user experience as important evidence of the significance of reusability. The interaction shows that documentation of data, software, and computational workflow in research papers is a promising method to foster open scientific collaboration and reuse. This study demonstrates how open science practice in research papers would promote the utility of open source software. Addressing such open science practice in publications would promote the utility of journal papers. Further, popularization of such practice will require coordination among research communities, funding agencies, and journals.
Modulation of the substorm current wedge by bursty bulk flows: 8 September 2002—Revisited
Authors: Palin L. , Opgenoorth H. J. , Ågren K. , Zivkovic T. , Sergeev V. A. , Kubyshkina M. V. , Nikolaev A. , Kauristie K. , van de Kamp M. , Amm O. , Milan S. E. , Imber S. M. , Facskó G. , Palmroth M. , Nakamura R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe ultimate formation mechanism of the substorm current wedge (SCW) remains to date unclear. In this study, we investigate its relationship to plasma flows at substorm onset and throughout the following expansion phase. We revisit the case of 8 September 2002, which has been defined as “one of the best textbook examples of a substorm” because of its excellent coverage by both spacecraft in the magnetotail and ground‐based observatories. We found that a dense sequence of arrival of nightside flux transfer events (NFTEs; which can be understood as the lobe magnetic signature due to a bursty bulk flow travelling earthward in the central plasma sheet) in the near‐Earth tail leads to a modulation (and further step‐like builtup) of the SCW intensity during the substorm expansion phase. In addition, we found that small SCWs are created also during the growth phase of the event in association with another less intense sequence of NFTEs. The differences between the sequence of NFTEs in the growth and expansion phase are discussed. We conclude that the envelope of the magnetic disturbances which we typically refer to as an intense magnetic substorm is the result of a group or sequence of more intense and more frequent NFTEs.
Sensing of upslope passages of frontal bores across the trench slope break of the Japan Trench
Authors: Fukao Yoshio , Sugioka Hiroko , Ito Aki , Shiobara Hajime , Paros Jerome M. , Furue Ryo 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe circum‐Pacific trench slope system is one of the most spectacular topographic features of the Earth. We report the relatively frequent occurrence of upslope passages (∼50 times a year) of internal bores in the Japan Trench system. Observations were made using a triaxial accelerometer, a tiltmeter, and a current meter at the seafloor, ∼3400 m deep, during 10 months from 2013 to 2014. We detected 42 tilt events from the records of the accelerometer and confirmed their consistency with the tiltmeter records. The tilt occurred always landward by 1–10 µrad with a rise time on the order of 1000 s and return to the original with a much longer recovery time. The current and temperature records available for the first two events indicated that landward tilting was associated with an upslope current with a speed of several cm/s and a temperature drop of several tens of m °C. The temperature remained cold even after the current had diminished. All of these observations implied the frontal passages of upslope advancing bores, which caused the instrument to be tilted landward. The observational site was located at the trench slope break, separating the trench slope (sloping supercritically or near critically for the M2 internal tide) from the fore‐arc basin (sloping subcritically). This unique locality suggested the internal tide origin of the observed bores, although other possibilities could not be precluded. Bores generated on the trench slope may play a role for upslope transportation of suspended sediments stirred up by deep submarine landslides.
Overturned folds in ice sheets: Insights from a kinematic model of traveling sticky patches and comparisons with observations
Authors: Wolovick Michael J. , Creyts Timothy T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOverturned folds are observed in regions of the Greenland ice sheet where driving stress is highly variable. Three mechanisms have been proposed to explain these folds: freezing subglacial water, traveling basal slippery patches, and englacial rheological contrasts. Here we explore how traveling basal sticky patches can produce overturned folds. Transitions from low to high stress cause a tradeoff in ice flow between basal slip and internal deformation that deflects ice stratigraphy vertically. If these transitions move, the slip‐deformation tradeoff can produce large folds. Those folds record the integrated effects of time‐varying basal slip. To understand how dynamic changes in basal slip influence ice sheet stratigraphy, we develop a kinematic model of ice flow in a moving reference frame that follows a single traveling sticky patch. The ice flow field forms a vortex when viewed in the moving reference frame, and this vortex traps ice above the traveling patch and produces overturned folds. Sticky patches that travel downstream faster produce larger overturned folds. We use the model as an interpretive tool to infer properties of basal slip from three example folds. Our model suggests that the sticky patches underneath these folds propagated downstream at rates between one half and the full ice velocity. The regional flow regime for the smaller two folds requires substantial internal deformation whereas the regime for the largest fold requires substantially more basal slip. The distribution and character of stratigraphic folds reflect the evolution and propagation of individual sticky patches and their effects on ice sheet flow.