bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic violence in pregnancy: prevalence and characteristics of the pregnant woman
Authors: Almeida Fátima Susana Jesus , Coutinho Emília Carvalho , Duarte João Carvalho , Chaves Cláudia Margarida Balula , Nelas Paula Alexandra Batista , Amaral Odete Pereira , Parreira Vitória Castro 
Published: February 2017

Aims and objectivesTo determine the prevalence of domestic violence (physical, psychological or sexual) during pregnancy and to characterise these women.BackgroundPregnant women are not immune to domestic violence and therefore may be subject to any form of physical, psychological or sexual violence by partners. Health professionals’ knowledge and awareness are important in the identification and intervention of pregnant women who experience domestic violence.MethodsQuantitative, descriptive, correlational study, using a nonprobabilistic convenience sample consisting of a total of 852 postpartum women, of whom 370 were experiencing domestic violence according to the criteria adopted through the modified scale of prevalence, applied between February–June 2012 in two Portuguese public health institutions. Authorisation was given by the Ethics Committees/Administration Councils of both institutions involved and the National Committee of Data Protection.ResultsThe prevalence of DV during pregnancy was 43·4% (physical violence – 21·9%; psychological violence – 43·2%; and sexual violence – 19·6%). These women had the following profile: immigrant (OR = 5·70; IC95% 3·32–9·78), non‐Caucasian (OR = 6·27; IC95% 3·76–10·46), single/divorced/widowed (OR = 2·28; IC95% 1·70–3·05), academic qualifications up to year 9 (OR = 4·94; IC95% 3·31–7·37); between 10–12 years of schooling (OR = 2·36; IC95% 1·70–3·29); unemployed (OR = 2·01; IC95% 1·50–2·69); and with a monthly income <1000 euros (OR = 1·90; IC95% 1·44–2·50). Through logistic regression, the following protective factors have been identified: nationality (Portuguese), race (Caucasian) and place of residence (city).ConclusionsAlmost half of the sample had experienced some form of domestic violence. This is associated with certain sociodemographic factors identified in the study. Psychological violence was the most prevalent during pregnancy.Relevance to clinical practiceKnowledge of the prevalence and characteristics of pregnant women who experience domestic violence is of paramount importance in planning appropriate strategies for their needs during pregnancy. Results indicate the need for nurses to intervene when warning signs of domestic violence against pregnant women are detected.
Histone deacetylase 7 silencing induces apoptosis and autophagy in salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells
Authors: Ahn Mee‐Young , Yoon Jung‐Hoon 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThe overexpression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) has been observed in many cancers, and inhibition of specific HDACs has emerged as a new target for cancer therapy. We found that HDAC7 expression was selectively reduced by HDAC inhibitor apicidin in salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) cells. Here, we show that HDAC7 suppression has a potent antitumor effect in MEC cells.MethodsHistone deacetylases7 was knocked down using HDAC7 siRNAs, and cell proliferation was quantified. Cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and autophagy were measured by flow cytometry and immunoblotting.ResultsHistone deacetylases 7 siRNAs inhibited cell proliferation and c‐Myc expression, increased p27 expression, and caused G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in both YD‐15 and Mc3 cells. HDAC7 silencing increased the sub‐G1 population, Annexin V positive apoptotic cells and cleaved caspase3 levels. HDAC7 silencing induced an increase in autophagic markers, number of acidic vesicular organelles, and LC3B II levels, and decrease in p62 levels. HDAC7 siRNAs reduced the activation of ERK. HDAC7 knockdown resulted in growth inhibition through G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and induced both apoptosis and autophagy in MEC cells.ConclusionsThis study indicates that inhibition of HDAC7 might become a novel and effective therapeutic approach for treating to MEC.
Pre‐ischemia melatonin treatment alleviated acute neuronal injury after ischemic stroke by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress‐dependent autophagy via PERK and IRE1 signalings
Authors: Feng Dayun , Wang Bao , Wang Lei , Abraham Neeta , Tao Kai , Huang Lu , Shi Wei , Dong Yushu , Qu Yan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMelatonin has demonstrated a potential protective effect in central nervous system. Thus, it is interesting to determine whether pre‐ischemia melatonin administration could protect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR)‐related injury and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we revealed that IR injury significantly activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy in a middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model. Pre‐ischemia melatonin treatment was able to attenuate IR‐induced ER stress and autophagy. In addition, with tandem RFP‐GFP‐LC3 adeno‐associated virus, we demonstrated pre‐ischemic melatonin significantly alleviated IR‐induced autophagic flux. Furthermore, we showed that IR induced neuronal apoptosis through ER stress related signalings. Moreover, IR‐induced autophagy was significantly blocked by ER stress inhibitor (4‐PBA), as well as ER‐related signaling inhibitors (PERK inhibitor, GSK; IRE1 inhibitor, 3,5‐dibromosalicylaldehyde). Finally, we revealed that melatonin significantly alleviated cerebral infarction, brain edema, neuronal apoptosis, and neurological deficiency, which were remarkably abolished by tunicamycin (ER stress activator) and rapamycin (autophagy activator), respectively. In summary, our study provides strong evidence that pre‐ischemia melatonin administration significantly protects against cerebral IR injury through inhibiting ER stress‐dependent autophagy. Our findings shed light on the novel preventive and therapeutic strategy of daily administration of melatonin, especially among the population with high risk of cerebral ischemic stroke.
Melatonin protects oocyte quality from Bisphenol A‐induced deterioration in the mouse
Authors: Zhang Mianqun , Dai Xiaoxin , Lu Yajuan , Miao Yilong , Zhou Changyin , Cui Zhaokang , Liu Honglin , Xiong Bo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA) has been reported to adversely affect the mammalian reproductive system in both sexes. However, the underlying mechanisms regarding how BPA disrupts the mammalian oocyte quality and how to prevent it have not been fully defined. Here, we document that BPA weakens oocyte quality by impairing both oocyte meiotic maturation and fertilization ability. We find that oral administration of BPA (100 μg/kg body weight per day for 7 days) compromises the first polar body extrusion (78.0% vs 57.0%, P<.05) by disrupting normal spindle assembly, chromosome alignment, and kinetochore‐microtubule attachment. This defect could be remarkably ameliorated (76.7%, P<.05) by concurrent oral administration of melatonin (30 mg/kg body weight per day for 7 days). In addition, BPA administration significantly decreases the fertilization rate of oocytes (87.2% vs 41.1%, P<.05) by reducing the number of sperm binding to the zona pellucida, which is consistent with the premature cleavage of ZP2 as well as the mis‐localization and decreased protein level of ovastacin. Also, the localization and protein level of Juno, the sperm receptor on the egg membrane, are strikingly impaired in BPA‐administered oocytes. Finally, we show that melatonin administration substantially elevates the in vitro fertilization rate (63.0%, P<.05) by restoring above defects of fertilization proteins and events, which might be mediated by the improvement of oocyte quality via reduction of ROS levels and inhibition of apoptosis. Collectively, our data reveal that melatonin has a protective action against BPA‐induced deterioration of oocyte quality in mice.
Novel taxa of thermally dimorphic systemic pathogens in the Ajellomycetaceae (Onygenales)
Authors: Dukik Karolina , Muñoz Jose F. , Jiang Yanping , Feng Peiying , Sigler Lynne , Stielow J. Benjamin , Freeke Joanna , Jamalian Azadeh , Gerrits van den Ende Bert , McEwen Juan G. , Clay Oliver K. , Schwartz Ilan S. , Govender Nelesh P. , Maphanga Tsidiso G. , Cuomo Christina A. , Moreno Leandro F. , Kenyon Chris , Borman Andrew M. , de Hoog Sybren 
Published: February 2017

SummaryRecent discoveries of novel systemic fungal pathogens with thermally dimorphic yeast‐like phases have challenged the current taxonomy of the Ajellomycetaceae, a family currently comprising the genera Blastomyces, Emmonsia, Emmonsiellopsis, Helicocarpus, Histoplasma, Lacazia and Paracoccidioides. Our morphological, phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses demonstrated species relationships and their specific phenotypes, clarified generic boundaries and provided the first annotated genome assemblies to support the description of two new species. A new genus, Emergomyces, accommodates Emmonsia pasteuriana as type species, and the new species Emergomyces africanus, the aetiological agent of case series of disseminated infections in South Africa. Both species produce small yeast cells that bud at a narrow base at 37°C and lack adiaspores, classically associated with the genus Emmonsia. Another novel dimorphic pathogen, producing broad‐based budding cells at 37°C and occurring outside North America, proved to belong to the genus Blastomyces, and is described as Blastomyces percursus.
Against Satanic Economics: Aquinas’ Theology of Virtue and Political Economy
Authors: Lentz Ralph Eugene 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this essay is to challenge the Modern assertion that economics is a theologically neutral science founded in the pure rationality of number, yet also connected to morality, particularly in regards to the ancient virtue of justice—“to render to each one their due”. Such an understanding has come at great philosophical, moral, and economic cost, as the Great World Recession of 2008–2013 is demonstrating. Instead, I argue that today's current economic crises are due precisely to a loss of orthodox Christian theological understanding of economics and virtue. I make this argument by examining St. Thomas Aquinas’ theological understanding of the virtues and his consequent understanding of political economy in the Summa Theologica. To evaluate the viability of applying Aquinas’ thought in addressing today's severe economic and ethical crises, I also consider Alasdair MacIntyre's call for a revival of Aristotelian virtue ethics along with his advocacy of Thomisic rationalism to combat the West's ethical decline. However, with John Milbank, I maintain that the integral deprivation of Western moral philosophy and political economy requires a distinctly theological solution that supersedes MacIntyre's neo‐Aristotelianism and neo‐Thomism. This is to be found in a (radical) orthodox reading of Aquinas’ Summa.
Recurrent atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome post kidney transplant due to a CD46 mutation in the setting of SMARCAL1‐mediated inherited kidney disease
Authors: Chan Samuel , Mallett Andrew J , Patel Chirag , Francis Ross S , Johnson David W , Mudge David W , Isbel Nicole M 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDisorders in the regulation of the alternate complement pathway often result in complement‐mediated damage to the microvascular endothelium and can be associated with both glomerulonephritis and atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Inherited defects in complement regulatory genes or autoantibodies against complement regulatory proteins are predictive of the severity of the disease and the risk of recurrence post kidney transplantation. Heterozygous mutations in CD46, which codes for a transmembrane cofactor glycoprotein membrane cofactor protein, usually have a lower incidence of end‐stage kidney disease and decreased risk of recurrent disease post transplant, as wild‐type membrane cofactor protein is present in the transplanted kidney. However, some patients with CD46 mutations have a second variant in other complement regulatory genes increasing the severity of disease. The following case report illustrates the course of a young adult patient with end‐stage kidney disease initially ascribed to seronegative systemic lupus erythematosus, who presented with biopsy‐proven thrombotic microangiopathy following kidney transplantation. It highlights the complexity associated with disorders of complement regulation and the need for a high index of suspicion and genetic testing in patients who present with thrombotic microangiopathy post‐transplant.
Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance triggering atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Authors: Mahmood Usman , Isbel Nicole , Mollee Peter , Mallett Andrew , Govindarajulu Sridevi , Francis Ross 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHaemolytic uraemic syndrome is a rare condition with an overall incidence of one to two cases in a population of 100 000 and approximately 10% of these cases are classified as atypical. Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) characterized by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA), thrombocytopenia and acute kidney injury. aHUS can be genetic, acquired or idiopathic (negative genetic screening and no environmental triggers). We describe a case of aHUS triggered by monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) successfully treated with plasmapheresis and a bortezomib‐based chemotherapy regimen, resulting in marked improvement in renal function and other markers of haemolysis. This patient has been in remission for more than 2 years currently.
Phylogeographic insights on the evolutionary breakdown of heterostyly
Authors: Zhou Wei , Barrett Spencer C. H. , Li Hai‐Dong , Wu Zhi‐Kun , Wang Xin‐Jia , Wang Hong , Li De‐Zhu 
Published: February 2017

Summary

The breakdown of heterostyly to homostyly is a classic system for the investigation of evolutionary transitions from outcrossing to selfing. Loss of sexual polymorphism is characterized by changes to population morph structure and floral morphology. Here, we used molecular phylogeography to investigate the geographical context for the breakdown process in Primula chungensis, a species with distylous and homostylous populations.

We genotyped plants from 20 populations throughout the entire range in south‐west China using the chloroplast intergenic spacer (trnL‐trnF), nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 10 nuclear microsatellite loci, and determined the genetic relationships among populations and the variation in floral traits associated with homostyle evolution.

The marker data identified two multi‐population lineages (Tibet and Sichuan) and one single‐population lineage (Yunnan), a pattern consistent with at least two independent origins of homostyly. Evidence from flower and pollen size variation is consistent with the hypothesis that transitions to selfing have arisen by the same genetic mechanism involving recombination and/or mutation at the distyly linkage group. Nevertheless, flowers of homostylous lineages have followed divergent evolutionary trajectories following their origin, resulting in populations with both approach and reverse herkogamy.

Our study illustrates a rare example of the near‐complete replacement of sexual polymorphism by floral monomorphism in a heterostylous species.
Pricing in the Norwegian Interbank Market – the Effects of Liquidity and Implicit Government Support
Authors: Akram Q. Farooq , Christophersen Casper 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe investigate the effects of central bank liquidity and possible implicit government guarantees against default on Norwegian overnight interbank interest rates. We conduct an econometric study of these interest rates over the period 2006–09, which includes the sharp fall in interbank trading during the financial crisis. Our findings suggest relatively lower funding costs for banks of systemic importance, particularly for banks with many and valuable linkages to other banks. Moreover, interest rates are found to depend not only on overall liquidity in the interbank market, but on its distribution among banks as well. There is also evidence of stronger effects on interest rates of systemic importance, creditworthiness and liquidity demand and supply factors during the financial crisis.
Quantifying pearl millet response to high temperature stress: thresholds, sensitive stages, genetic variability and relative sensitivity of pollen and pistil
Authors: Djanaguiraman M. , Perumal R. , Ciampitti I.A. , Gupta S.K. , Prasad P.V.V. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe objectives were to (1) quantify high temperature (HT) stress impacts at different growth stages (season long, booting to seed‐set and booting to maturity) on various yield components; (2) identify the most sensitive stage(s) to short episodes of HT stress during reproductive development; (3) understand the genetic variations for HT stress tolerance based on cardinal temperatures for pollen germination; and (4) determine relative sensitivity of pollen and pistil to HT stress and associated tolerance or susceptible mechanisms in pearl millet. High temperature stress (≥36/26°C) imposed at different stages and durations caused decrease in number of seeds, individual seed weight and seed yield. Two periods (10–12 days and 2–0 days before anthesis) were identified as most sensitive to short episodes of stress, causing maximum decreases in pollen germination percentage and seeds numbers. HT stresses of ≥36/26°C results in floret sterility. Pistils were relatively more sensitive than pollen grains, causing decreased number of seeds and seed yield. HT stress increased the reactive oxygen species contents and decreased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes in both pollen and pistils. Under HT stress, pistils had relatively higher reactive oxygen species and lower antioxidant enzymes activity compared with pollen grains, which explains greater susceptibility of pistils.
Effect of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on early intellectual development in preterm infants
Authors: Lin Fatao , Dong Haipeng , Song Yanyan , Zhang Tengwei , Qi Junye , Xiao Xuwen , Cai Yueju 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on the early intellectual development of preterm infants.MethodsFrom 2011 to 2015, 83 preterm infants diagnosed with BPD were recruited to the BPD group, and 89 preterm infants without BPD and 98 healthy term infants were randomly recruited to the non‐BPD and term group, respectively. Neural and intellectual development according to the Gesell Development Scale were evaluated and compared between groups at 0–3 months, 3–6 months, 6–9 months, and 9–12 months of adjusted age for preterm infants and real age for term infants. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the associations between BPD and adverse neurological outcomes at 9–12 months of adjusted age.ResultsCompared with term infants, preterm infants had significantly lower developmental quotients for adaptability, gross motor, fine motor, language and social skills. At follow up, deficits in one or more neurofunctions related to adaptability, gross motor, fine motor, language and social skills were significantly more frequent in preterm children with BPD than in those with no history of BPD. BPD was independently associated with adverse neurological outcome at 9–12 months of adjusted age in preterm infants.ConclusionsEarly intelligence disturbances occurred significantly more frequently in BPD infants than in non‐BPD infants. Monitoring of the development of the nervous system in BPD infants should be strengthened.
Effects of supplemental conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) on fresh and post‐thaw sperm quality of Holstein bulls
Authors: Karimi R , Towhidi A , Zeinoaldini S , Rezayazdi K , Mousavi M , Safari H , Martinez‐Pastor F 
Published: February 2017

ContentsThis study was designed to investigate the effects of feeding‐protected conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the semen production and sperm freezability in Holstein bulls. Twelve bulls were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 6 per group). Bulls received the normal diet (control group) or the normal diet top‐dressed with 50 g ofCLA(treated group) for 10 weeks. The control group received 40 g/day calcium soap of fatty acid. Fresh and post‐thaw semen quality was assessed on ejaculates collected at the 0, 4, 6, 8 and 10 week of supplementation. Semen evaluations including sperm concentration, motion characteristics (subjective and computer‐assisted), viability (Eosin–Nigrosin), membrane integrity (hypo‐osmotic swelling test) and abnormality were conducted. Semen volume, sperm concentration and total sperm output were not affected by dietary treatment (p > .05). The proportion of spermatozoa with abnormal morphology in fresh semen significantly increased (p < .05) in theCLA‐fed group compared to control group. Also, inCLA‐fed group, the proportion of post‐thaw spermatozoa with abnormal morphology at week 10 of trial was significantly higher inCLAthan control group (p < .05). Progressive motility tended to be increased in theCLA‐fed group, although dietary supplementation did not affect otherCASAparameters or viability in fresh and frozen‐thawed sperm. In this study,CLAsupplementation had little positive effect on fresh or post‐thaw sperm quality of Holstein bulls.
Radial endobronchial ultrasound for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ali Muhammad S. , Trick William , Mba Benjamin I. , Mohananey Divyanshu , Sethi Jaskaran , Musani Ali I. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
Tissue diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) can be challenging. In the past, flexible bronchoscopy was commonly performed for this purpose but its diagnostic yield is suboptimal. This has led to the development of new bronchoscopic modalities such as radial endobronchial ultrasound (R‐EBUS), electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) and virtual bronchoscopy (VB). We performed this meta‐analysis using data from previously published R‐EBUS studies, to determine its diagnostic yield and other performance characteristics. Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for R‐EBUS studies in September 2016. Diagnostic yield was calculated by dividing the number of successful diagnoses by the total number of lesions. Meta‐analysis was performed using MedCalc (Version 16.8). Inverse variance weighting was used to aggregate diagnostic yield proportions across studies. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plot and Duval and Tweedie's test. 57 studies with a total of 7872 lesions were included in the meta‐analysis. These were published between October 2002 and August 2016. Overall weighted diagnostic yield for R‐EBUS was 70.6% (95% CI: 68–73.1%). The diagnostic yield was significantly higher for lesions >2 cm in size, malignant in nature and those associated with a bronchus sign on computerized tomography (CT) scan. Diagnostic yield was also higher when R‐EBUS probe was within the lesion as opposed to being adjacent to it. Overall complication rate was 2.8%. This is the largest meta‐analysis performed to date, assessing the performance of R‐EBUS for diagnosing PPLs. R‐EBUS has a high diagnostic yield (70.6%) with a very low complication rate.