bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sistema de Monitoreo Portátil de Variables de Seguridad en Faena Minera Subterránea. En vías a la erradicación de la silicosis sobre rieles interdisciplinarios
Authors: Morales Jorge 
Published: March 2017

Este proyecto apunta a mejorar la calidad de la información actual del proceso de chancado y molienda, y consiste en recopilar datos ambientales al interior de la mina subterránea Río Blanco por medio de una Estación de Monitoreo Móvil, la cual es portada por un operario capacitado para la toma de muestras.
Este monitoreo garantiza la seguridad del personal en la mina, evaluando y advirtiendo en tiempo real la exposición a factores ambientales críticos.
Resulta interesante la evaluación del sistema desde su esquema funcional hacia la implementación del sistema como producto, considerando los parámetros de uso y los componentes culturales presentes e una mina como variables claves para el éxito del proyecto.
Fra faglærer i kunstfag til kunnskapsområdelærer i Kunst, kultur og kreativitet – dialoger om endring
Authors: Eide Gro Merete , Møen Inger-Lisa , Borgen Jorunn Spord 
Published: March 2017

Sammendrag: Barnehagelærerutdanningen fikk i 2013 ny rammeplan, hvor fagene drama, forming og musikk ble samlet i kunnskapsområdet kunst, kultur og kreativitet. Denne artikkelen diskuterer hvordan faglærerne på 6 utdanningsinstitusjoner erfarer å skulle integrere sine fag i et felles kunnskapsområde, og utfordringer de ser i dette arbeidet. Vi bruker deler av Basil Bernsteins teori og begrepsapparat i analysen. Våre funn viser at faglærerne har en sterk identitet i faget sitt, og at det tar tid å endre til kunnskapsområdeorganisering. Implementeringen av den nye rammeplan støttes opp av tolkningsfellesskap, gode kollegasamspill og felles ideologi i de praktiske estetiske fagene. Samtidig ser de ideologiske visjonene om mer integrert profesjonsutdanning for barnehagelærere ikke ut til å være innarbeidet på institusjonsnivå. Faglærerne opplever derfor utfordringer i dette nye fellesskapet som barnehagelærerutdannere.Abstract: The Norwegian kindergarten teacher education was reformed in 2013. The subjects drama, visual art and music, was combined into "art, culture and creativity". This article discusses the various considerations done by teachers from 6 higher education institutions when they integrated their disciplines in a common area of knowledge. This article uses parts of Basil Bernstein's theory and concepts in the analysis. This far findings show that teachers have a strong identification towards their subject. The implementation of the new framework plan takes time, and is supported by interpretive communities and a certain common ideology within the arts. Still, there is a lack of ideological visions about a more integrated professional kindergarten teacher education integrated at the institutional level. As a result of this, teachers in art subjects experience challenges in the new community as kindergarten teacher educators.
Characteristic pulse trains of preliminary breakdown in four isolated small thunderstorms
Authors: Ma Dong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUsing a low‐frequency six‐station local network, preliminary breakdown (PB) pulses not followed or followed by negative return stroke (RS), which are defined as PB‐type and PB cloud‐to‐ground (PBCG)‐type flashes, are analyzed based on four isolated small thunderstorms for the first time. On the basis of 22 PB‐type flashes out of totally 2155 flashes, it indicates that the number of PB‐type flashes is very small. At the early stage, PB‐type flashes are observed in all four thunderstorms. At the active stage, PB‐type flashes still can occur; meanwhile, there are few or no negative cloud‐to‐ground (CG) flashes. However, at the final stage no PB‐type flashes occur. At the stage of distinct cell merging or splitting, PB‐type flashes are also observed. Based on the 123 PBCG‐type flashes, we discuss the percentage of PBCG‐type flashes and also analyze the relationship between the electric field (E‐field) amplitude of the largest pulse in the PB pulse train normalized to 100 km (PBA), the E‐field amplitude of the first return stroke normalized to 100 km (RSA), the time interval between PBA and RSA (PB‐RS interval), and the ratio between PBA and RSA (PB‐RS ratio). We find that the percentage of PBCG‐type flashes is not always dependent on PBA or PB‐RS ratio; the type of thunderstorms may also have an impact on this percentage. None of the PB‐RS intervals is less than 20 ms; we speculate that such long PB‐RS interval is the feature of isolated small thunderstorms, but more observations are needed to further investigate this question.
Triggered lightning sky waves, return stroke modeling, and ionosphere effective height
Authors: Carvalho F. L. , Uman M. A. , Jordan D. M. , Hill J. D. , Cummer S. A. , Kotovsky D. A. , Moore R. C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGround waves and sky waves measured 209 km and 250 km south of six triggered lightning flashes containing 30 strokes that occurred in the half‐hour before sunset on 27 August 2015 are presented and analyzed. We use a cross‐correlation technique to find the ionospheric effective reflection height and compare our results to previous techniques that calculate effective height based on the time delay between ground wave and sky wave time domain features. From the first flash to the last flash there is, on average, a 1.6 km increase in effective ionospheric height, whereas no change in effective ionospheric height can be discerned along the individual strokes of a given flash. We show to what extent the triggered lightning radiation source can be described (using channel‐base current, channel geometry, and channel luminosity versus time and height) and speculate that a well‐characterized source could allow a more accurate determination of the electromagnetic fields radiated toward the ionosphere than has been done to date. We show that both channel geometry and the change in return stroke current amplitude and waveshape with channel height (inferred from measured channel luminosity versus height and time) determine the waveshape of the ground wave (and presumably the upward propagating wave that results in the sky wave) and that the waveshape of the ground wave does not appear to be related to the current versus time waveform measured at the channel base other than a roughly linear relationship between the two peak values.
Source to sink evaluation of sediment routing in the Gulf of Alaska and Southeast Alaska: A thermochronometric perspective
Authors: Dunn Catherine A. , Enkelmann Eva , Ridgway Kenneth D. , Allen Wai K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this study, we present a source to sink evaluation of sediment routing at the glaciated convergent margin in Southeast Alaska. We investigate the efficacy of thermochronology to record spatial and temporal exhumation patterns in synorogenic sediment using Neogene strata drilled by Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 341 in the Gulf of Alaska. We present 1641 and 529 new detrital zircon and apatite fission track ages, respectively, from strata deposited on the continental shelf, slope, and deep‐sea fans. These data are compared to results from the proposed source terrains, including the St. Elias Mountains and new data from the Alsek River. We find that the offshore Bagley‐Bering sediment contains grains recording cooling ages much older (80–35 Ma) than those reported from the St. Elias syntaxis (3–2 Ma), indicating that extreme rapid exhumation does not extend west of the Seward‐Bagley divide. Data from the sediment on the continental shelf, slope, and proximal deep sea all yield similar results, suggesting the same general source region since 1.2 Ma and limited sediment mixing along this glaciated margin. Data from sediment in the distal deep sea show that extreme, rapid, and deep‐seated exhumation was ongoing at ~11–8 Ma. Overall, this study demonstrates the strengths and limitations of using detrital fission track thermochronology to understand sediment routing on a glaciated convergent margin and to record changes in exhumation rates over geologic time scales.
Media Use:
C
entral
E
urope
Authors: Hasebrink Uwe 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This entry provides an overview of media usage in six European countries: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. Starting with an outline of relevant contextual conditions of these countries' media systems, it includes basic information on technical infrastructure and access and comparative findings regarding key indicators of media usage such as daily reach and duration of use of different media. Finally it discusses selected evidence on some key issues linked with convergent media environments.
Media Use as Social Action
Authors: Salter Leon , Ganesh Shiv 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Media use as a form of social action has risen to prominence since the 1990s with the proliferation of digital technology and its contemporary embeddedness and ubiquity. The Occupy protests and the Arab Spring demonstrated that widespread access to digital media potentially enables transformational social action that is multinational in scale and supranational in its effects. However, the development of the concept that various media can be used for either predetermined goals (media use for social action) or the emancipation of the society and the subject (media use as social action) has a historical lineage that dates back to Marx and has developed within paradigms as diverse as critical theory, media effects theory, propaganda theory, development communication, cultural studies, and collective action. This entry aims to provide a brief overview of these historical strands and also how they have contributed to our contemporary view in a rapidly evolving field.
Intermedia Agenda‐Setting Effects
Authors: Roselyn Du Ying 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Intermedia agenda‐setting refers to how media content influences and relates to other media content—in other words, the effects that mass media agendas have on each other. This entry begins with a theoretical discussion of the origin of intermedia agenda‐setting research. It traces back to the pioneering studies in this research line to explicate the conceptualization of an intermedia agenda‐setting process. It then reviews more recent intermedia agenda‐setting studies, which led to the expansion of the field's research frontiers. The entry next looks into the most recent studies on the relationship between old and new media, as the emergence of Internet‐based new media has created a multidimensional media landscape that allows for multidirectional influences across a wide range of medium types. Finally, the entry discusses the significance and necessity of transnation intermedia agenda‐setting research in the context of increased globalization.
Parasocial Theory: Concepts and Measures
Authors: Stever Gayle S. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Parasocial interaction (PSI) describes nonreciprocated audience interactions with media personae. These interactions are, in many ways, like face‐to‐face interactions with the caveat that the response normally expected from a social partner is missing. Parasocial theory describes and attempts to explain imagined social relationships and interactions with people who are distant from us and who do not reciprocate individual communication or interest. Early articles on parasocial theory discussed PSI and parasocial relationships (PSRs) without making much distinction between the terms, but more recent studies have focused on the differences, with PSI being the illusion of interaction during viewing and PSRs being the ongoing perceived connection the audience members experience with the media personae over a longer period of time. Parasocial attachment occurs when the viewer seeks regular proximity to the mediated experience in order to experience an affective bond with a selected media persona.
Parasocial Relationships and Breakups
Authors: Tal‐Or Nurit 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

The term
parasocial relationship
generally refers to a one‐sided relationship that a media consumer forms with a media figure. The termination of this relationship is called a
parasocial breakup
. This entry includes a definition of this construct and an outline of its research history. It also covers the common measurement of this construct and the various theories used to account for it, an outline of the similarities and differences between parasocial relationships and other similar concepts, and the similarity of parasocial relationships and breakups with real‐life interpersonal relationships. The entry also expands on the various antecedents and consequences of parasocial relationships and on their changing nature following advancements in new media.
Critical–Cultural Theory, Media Power, and a Multieffect Reality
Authors: Carpentier Nico 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This entry moves beyond the traditional juxtapositions of cultural, critical, and discourse studies on the one hand and media effects studies on the other, by showing in detail how these perspectives differ in their understanding of power. First, the specific relationship between media effects and power is analyzed. Then, a four‐tiered model that combines a discursive/material dimension with an internal/external dimension of power is presented and elaborated, showing the contingency and complexity of effects, specifically by studying two key signifiers from within the media field: the audience and the media professional. These examples provide support for a critical–cultural theory perspective that addresses social reality as a multieffect reality and avoids unidirectional analyses of media power.
Pseudo‐Events
Authors: Engelbert Jiska 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This entry focuses on Daniel Boorstin's famous concept of the pseudo‐event and suggests that it should be considered an important application of media effects research. Through an assessment of four constitutive characteristics of pseudo‐events, the entry shows how Boorstin's critique of the social ramifications of the graphic revolution is based on theorizations on how media processes, contents, and technologies influence individual and collective cognitions of both text producers and audiences. These theorizations concern Boorstin's ideas about the susceptibility of newsmakers, the vulnerability of the practices of social institutions to the (commercial) logic of media, the inability of audiences to look beyond mediated reality, and the failure of society more generally to resist the temptations of media technologies. This entry contributes to expanding the agenda of media effects research toward concerns from critical communication scholarship such as deliberate democracy, political publicity, and particularly the media's role in normalizing promotional culture.
Involvement With Media Content
Authors: Tukachinsky Riva , O'Connor Colby 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

There is high variability in the definitions and conceptualizations of the term
media involvement
as it is used across the field of communication studies. In the persuasion research tradition, involvement has been conceptualized as the relevancy of the message to the media consumer. As such, involvement can be established prior to media exposure itself, on the basis of the fit between the message recipient and the message topic. Conversely, involvement can be thought of as a psychological experience of media or a set of mental processes occurring during the media exposure. The following sections outline these two major approaches to involvement, identify various dimensions of involvement, and explore the role of this concept in media effects theory and research. Specifically, the entry discusses involvement with the media world and character involvement in the form of transportation, presence, flow, perceived homophily, identification, and parasocial interactions and relationships.
Emergency Medicine Morbidity and Mortality Conference and Culture of Safety: The Resident Perspective
Authors: Wittels Kathleen , Aaronson Emily , Dwyer Richard , Nadel Eric , Gallahue Fiona , Fee Christopher , Tubbs Robert , Schuur Jeremiah ,   the EM M&M Culture of Safety Research Team
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveMorbidity and mortality conference (M&M) is common in emergency medicine (EM) and an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requirement. We aimed to characterize the prevalence of elements of EM M&M conferences that foster a strong culture of safety.MethodsEmergency medicine residents at 33 programs across the United States were surveyed using questions adapted from a previously tested survey of EM program directors and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Culture of Safety Survey.ResultsThe survey response rate was 80.3% (1,002/1,248). A total of 60.3% (601/997) of residents had not submitted a case of theirs to M&M in the past year. A total of 7.6% (73/954) reported that issues raised at M&M always led to change while 88.3% (842/954) reported that they sometimes did and 4.1% (39/954) reported that they never did. A total of 56.2% (536/954) responded that changes made due to M&M were reported back to the residents. Of residents who had cases presented at M&M, 24.2% (130/538) responded that there was regular debriefing, 65.2% (351/538) responded that there was not, and 10.6% (57/578) were unsure. A total of 10.2% (101/988) of respondents agreed that M&M was punitive, 17.4% were neutral (172/988), and 72.4% (715/988) disagreed. A total of 18.0% (178/987) of residents agreed that they felt pressure to order unnecessary tests because of M&M, 22.3% (220/987) were neutral, and 59.6% (589/987) disagreed. A total of 87.4% (862/986) felt that M&M was a valuable educational didactic session, and 78.3% (766/978) believed that M&M contributes to a culture of safety in their institution.ConclusionsWhile most residents believe that M&M is a valuable didactic session and contributes to institutional culture of safety, there are opportunities to improve by communicating changes made in response to M&M, debriefing residents who have had cases presented, and taking steps to make M&M not feel punitive to some residents.
The use of a hybrid latent class approach to identify consumer segments and market potential for organic products in Nigeria
Authors: Bello Muhammad , Abdulai Awudu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUsing data from a hypothetical stated preference survey conducted in Nigeria, we show how the relative importance that consumers attach to organic products’ attributes varies strongly as a function of underlying attitudes. We specify a latent class structure that allows us to jointly analyze responses to stated choice and assignment to latent classes, while avoiding measurement error problems. Our results reveal that consumers are willing to pay premium for both health and environmental gains achieved through organic production systems, although their quantitative valuation is higher for the health concerns. Furthermore, we note that individuals with stronger preferences for organic products tend to attach a global value to the certification program, whereas the valuation tends to be more restrictive among respondents that prioritize the status quo option (conventional alternative). We also observe that differences in respondents’ geographic location and level of awareness of organic food production characteristics (prior to the survey) have significant impact on consumers’ choices.[EconLit citations: D12, Q13, Q18, Q56]
Solitons in One‐Dimensional Lattices with a Flat Band
Authors: Bercioux Dario , Dutta Omjyoti , Rico Enrique 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe investigate the spectral properties of a quasi‐one‐dimensional lattice in two possible dimerisation configurations. Both configurations are characterised by the same lattice topology and the identical spectra containing a flat band at zero energy. We find that, one of the dimerised configuration has similar symmetry to a one‐dimensional chain proposed by Su‐Schrieffer‐Heeger for studying solitons in conjugated polymers. Whereas, the other dimerised configuration only shows non‐trivial topological properties in the presence of chiral‐symmetry breaking adiabatic pumping.
Combined Analysis of NMR and MS Spectra (CANMS)
Authors: Chong Mei , Jayaraman Anusha , Marin Silvia , Selivanov Vitaly , de Atauri Carulla Pedro R. , Tennant Daniel A. , Cascante Marta , Günther Ulrich L. , Ludwig Christian 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCellular metabolism in mammalian cells represents a challenge for analytical chemistry in the context of current biomedical research. Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy together with computational tools have been used to study metabolism in cells. Compartmentalization of metabolism complicates the interpretation of stable isotope patterns in mammalian cells owing to the superimposition of different pathways contributing to the same pool of analytes. This indicates a need for a model‐free approach to interpret such data. Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy provide complementary analytical information on metabolites. Herein an approach that simulates 13C multiplets in NMR spectra and utilizes mass increments to obtain long‐range information is presented. The combined information is then utilized to derive isotopomer distributions. This is a first rigorous analytical and computational approach for a model‐free analysis of metabolic data applicable to mammalian cells.
Water as a Hydride Source in Palladium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Reductive Heck Reactions
Authors: Kong Wangqing , Wang Qian , Zhu Jieping 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPd‐catalyzed intramolecular asymmetric carbopalladation of N‐aryl acrylamides followed by reduction of C(sp3)‐Pd intermediate using diboron–water as a hydride source afforded enantioenriched 3,3‐disubstituted oxindoles in high yields and enantioselectivities. When heavy water was used as a deuterium donor in combination with bis(catecholato)diboron (Cat2B2), deuterium was incorporated into the products with high synthetic efficiency. The ligand determined both the enantioselectivity of the reaction and the reaction pathways, thereby affording either hydroarylation (reductive Heck) or carboborylation products.
LC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of flavonoids and physalins in rat plasma: Application to pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii (Chinese lantern) extract
Authors: Guo Yaqing , Liu Hongxia , Ding Liqin , Oppong Mahmood , Pan Guixiang , Qiu Feng 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of luteolin, luteolin‐7‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, physalin A, physalin D and physalin L in rat plasma. Scutellarein and dexamethasone were used as the internal standards (IS). Plasma samples were prepared by liquid‐liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. The five constituents were separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm). A gradient elution procedure was used with acetonitrile (A)‐0.1% aqueous formic acid (B). Mass spectrometric detection was performed in negative ion multiple reaction monitoring mode with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. This method showed good linearity (r2 > 0.997) over a concentration range of 2.0–500 ng/mL with a lower limit of quantification of 2.0 ng/mL for all five compounds. The inter‐ and intra‐day accuracy ranged from 91.7 to 104%, and precisions (RSD) were <6.46% for all analytes. The extraction recoveries of all analytes were >85%. This validated method was successfully applied for the first time to the pharmacokinetic study of five ingredients after oral administration of 70% ethanol extract of Chinese lantern in rats.