bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work-life boundary management styles of women entrepreneurs in Ethiopia – “choice” or imposition?
Authors: Gudeta Konjit Hailu , van Engen Marloes L. 
Published: December 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the work-life boundary management experiences and challenges women entrepreneurs face in combining their work-life responsibilities.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth interviews were conducted with 31 women entrepreneurs in Ethiopia using a grounded theory approach to investigate how they manage the boundaries between their work-life roles, the challenges they face and how these challenges affect their boundary management experiences.FindingsIntegration, as a work-life boundary management strategy, is imposed on women as a result of normative expectations on women to shoulder care and household responsibilities, as well as to fulfil societal roles and obligations. In addition, challenges related to managing employees at home and at work frequently require women to combine work and life roles, forcing them to integrate even more.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study underline the need to recognise the work-life interface challenges faced by women entrepreneurs and to develop programmes and hands-on training to help them adopt work-life boundary management tactics. In addition, it is hoped that the findings will inform policies and women entrepreneurship development programmes designed by the government, development partners and other stakeholders.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the work-family literature by highlighting the contextual and environmental factors imposing work-family boundary management styles on women entrepreneurs in the Sub-Saharan country of Ethiopia.
Modelling multiples identity types through agency: Part 3 – mindsets and the Trump election
Authors: Di Fatta Davide , Yolles Maurice 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
Building on theory in Part 2 of this paper, a relationship is developed between the strategic multiple identities considered there. Personality analytic pathologies arise when these identities are not consistent. This theory is then examined using the mindset agency theory (MAT) developed in Part 2 of the paper. Two classes of MAT models exist: a three-trait (MAT3T) and a five-trait (MAT5T). The former centres on personality traits, while the latter includes traits that are external to the personality. These are then applied to a case study of Donald Trump’s US election campaign.

Design/methodology/approach
By applying MAT3T and MAT5T to the Trump election campaign, personal and public identities are analysed using content analysis of his narratives.

Findings
Of the strategic identities, data can be accessed for two, and measured qualitatively using mindset theory, these indicating the likelihood of a personality with pathologies. It is found that Trump MAT3T and MAT5T take different values, suggesting that he has an analytical pathology in his political agency.

Originality/value
There is not currently any coherent dynamic theory of multiple identities able to provide measures indicative of personality pathologies.
Reductionism ad absurdum
Authors: Nizami Lance 
Published: December 2017

PurposeNeuroscientists act as proxies for implied anthropomorphic signal-processing beings within the brain, Homunculi. The latter examine the arriving neuronal spike-trains to infer internal and external states. But a Homunculus needs a brain of its own, to coordinate its capabilities – a brain that necessarily contains a Homunculus and so on indefinitely. Such infinity is impossible – and in well-cited papers, Attneave and later Dennett claim to eliminate it. How do their approaches differ and do they (in fact) obviate the Homunculi?Design/methodology/approachThe Attneave and Dennett approaches are carefully scrutinized. To Attneave, Homunculi are effectively “decision-making” neurons that control behaviors. Attneave presumes that Homunculi, when successively nested, become successively “stupider”, limiting their numbers by diminishing their responsibilities. Dennett likewise postulates neuronal Homunculi that become “stupider” – but brain-wards, where greater sophistication might have been expected.FindingsAttneave’s argument is Reductionist and it simply assumes-away the Homuncular infinity. Dennett’s scheme, which evidently derives from Attneave’s, ultimately involves the same mistakes. Attneave and Dennett fail, because they attempt to reduce intentionality to non-intentionality.Research limitations/implicationsHomunculus has been successively recognized over the centuries by philosophers, psychologists and (some) neuroscientists as a crucial conundrum of cognitive science. It still is.Practical implicationsCognitive-science researchers need to recognize that Reductionist explanations of cognition may actually devolve to Homunculi, rather than eliminating them.Originality/valueTwo notable Reductionist arguments against the infinity of Homunculi are proven wrong. In their place, a non-Reductionist treatment of the mind, “Emergence”, is discussed as a means of rendering Homunculi irrelevant.
Early Archean spherule layers from the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: Mineralogy and geochemistry of the spherule beds in the CT3 drill core
Authors: Ozdemir Seda , Schulz Toni , Koeberl Christian , Reimold Wolf Uwe , Mohr‐Westheide Tanja , Hoehnel Desiree , Schmitt Ralf Thomas 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLittle is known about the Hadean and the Archean impact record on Earth. In the CT3 drill core from the Fig Tree Group of the northern Barberton Greenstone Belt, 17 spherule layer intersections occur, which, provide an outstanding new opportunity to gain insights into meteorite bombardment of the early Earth. CT3 spherules, as primary features, mostly exhibit textural patterns similar to those of the other Barberton spherule layers, but locally mineralogical and chemical compositional differences are observed, likely as a result of various degrees of alteration. The observed mineralogy of the spherule layers is of secondary origin and comprises K‐feldspar, phyllosilicates, carbonates, sulfides, and oxides, with the exception of secondary Ni‐Cr spinel that is of primary origin. Our petrographic investigations suggest alteration by K‐metasomatism, sericitization, silicification, and carbonatization. Siderophile element contents of bulk samples show significant enrichments in Ni (up to 2 wt%) and Ir (up to ~3 ppm), similar to previously studied Archean spherule layers. These values are indicative of the presence of a meteoritic component. On the other hand, lithophile and chalcophile element abundances indicate hydrothermal overprint on the CT3 samples; this may also have influenced the redistribution of the meteoritic component(s). Last, we group the CT3 spherule layers, which occur in three intervals (A, B, and C), according to their petrographic and geochemical features, which indicate evidence for at least three distinct impact events before tectonic overprint that affected the original deposits.
Patching and the -adic Langlands program for
Authors: Caraiani Ana , Emerton Matthew , Gee Toby , Geraghty David , Paškūnas Vytautas , Shin Sug Woo 
Published: December 2017

We present a new construction of the $p$-adic local Langlands correspondence for $\operatorname{GL}_{2}(\mathbb{Q}_{p})$ via the patching method of Taylor–Wiles and Kisin. This construction sheds light on the relationship between the various other approaches to both the local and the global aspects of the $p$-adic Langlands program; in particular, it gives a new proof of many cases of the second author’s local–global compatibility theorem and relaxes a hypothesis on the local mod $p$ representation in that theorem.
Influence of a New Hollow Piston Design on Volumetric Losses of a Common-Rail Pump
Authors: Rückert Marcel , Murrenhoff Hubertus , Heitzig Stefan 
Published: December 2017

The cluster of excellence „Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass“ at RWTH Aachen University develops and investigates new biofuel candidates, to reduce global emissions and create an alternative and sustainable diesel fuel. Biofuels pose a new challenge to existing common-rail injection pumps. Since fuels are used as lubricants for tribological contacts in these pumps, the deviating hydrodynamic properties in comparison to diesel can cause high leakage, wear, and a low overall-efficiency.
In order to ensure a reliable pump performance, especially for low-viscosity fuels or fuels with worse lubricity than diesel, an optimization of the tribological contacts is necessary. The most critical contact is the piston-cylinder contact. One possibility to reduce the leakage in this contact is the use of a hollow piston design. This design can reduce the gap between piston and cylinder by minor pressure-dependent elastic deformations of the piston.
In this paper, a first simulative look is taken at the compression behavior of the new piston design. The focus lies on the delayed pressure build-up due to the additional capacity caused by the shape of the piston. Based on the results, a new design approach is proposed subsequently in order to ensure a sufficient pressure build-up.
The manufactured contour of the new design is investigated in order to ensure the geometric properties and first measurement results are discussed. For the measurement, a low-viscosity fluid is used to compare leakage rates of the standard and the new hollow piston design. Based on the results, a conclusion is made, deriving further usage of the hollow piston.
A New Hydraulic Pump and Motor Test Bench for Extremely Low Operating Speeds
Authors: Achten Peter , Potma Jeroen , Eggenkamp Sjoerd 
Published: December 2017

Most test benches for hydraulic pumps and motors are designed for operating speeds of 500 rpm or higher. Worldwide, there are only a few test benches which allow measurements at near zero operating speeds or startup conditions.
Low-speed testing is, however, of great importance for hydraulic motors, since the torque losses increase exponential at these conditions due to mixed lubrication and stick-slip effects. Low-speed operation is also important for hydraulic pumps which are used in electro-hydraulic actuators, in which the flow rate is controlled by the operating speed of the electric motors. Finally, measurements at low operating speeds can give detailed information about the pump or motor issues, since it is possible to measure the operation at many rotational positions of the rotating group, giving the ability to measure the losses of individual displacement volumes.
This paper describes the design and operation of a new test bench for testing hydraulic pumps and motors at extremely low operating speeds, below 1 rpm.
Energy and Control Characteristics of a Novel Meter Out Hydraulic System for Mobile Applications
Authors: Marani Pietro , Martelli Massimo 
Published: December 2017

The metering out sensing system represents the latest, and most promising, architectural concept for improving the performance of mobile multiple actuation systems through hydraulic proportional components control.
The first part of the paper introduces the novel architecture of meter-out sensing control system, properly designed to distribute the flow rate directed to actuators according to the proportional control of the metering out element only. To do this, an innovative piloting subsystem controls the pump displacement, while a set of compensated proportional control valves applied to actuators outlet work to manage the load unbalance. The inlet doesn’t have any proportional throttle element thus reducing control losses with respect to state-of-the-art systems. In this way, the architecture is able to control both resisting and overrunning loads, and its design could easily include the automatic activation of the regenerative function to limit the requested hydraulic power.
Then, the paper highlights how the proposed architecture of meter-out sensing system, which does not require complex sensor networks or complex electronic controls, could overcome the most important limitations affecting other control technologies currently adopted in mobile hydraulics.
The third part of the paper depicts the main results obtained in the evaluation of the performance figures of merit for the metering out sensing system, performed through a Virtual Test Procedure applied to a lumped and distributed parameter numerical model.
Investigations on Condition Monitoring and Potential Energy Savings of Bi-Stable Process Valves Using Position Estimation
Authors: Kramer Thomas , Weber Jürgen , Pflug Günther , Harnisch Bodo 
Published: December 2017

Bi-stable latching valves are an energy efficient alternative to mono-stable switching valves especially in applications of process technology requiring low switching frequencies. The bi-stability of such valves may be disadvantageous. Valve’s states may not only change by controlling the coil current, but also by undesired external forces. A sensorless position determination by detecting the armature position allows condition monitoring. Additionally, an appropriate power supply for switching the valve’s state increases the energy efficiency even further and can be realized by detecting the end stop with the basics of the position estimation method.
The paper deals with simulation-based investigations of a promising sensorless position determination of a novel bi-stable valve, which is partly manufactured from injection moldable magnetic material. The constraints and potentials of the estimation method are described, especially according to condition monitoring the valve’s state. Selected simulation results are validated by measurements. Furthermore, simulations of the magnetic behavior and the mechanical motion are performed demonstrating the potential for detection of the motion’s end stop to apply only the required switching energy to the actuator.
Influence of Surface Roughness Effects on the Lubrication Performance of External Gear Machines
Authors: Thiagarajan Divya , Bratto Andrea , Vacca Andrea 
Published: December 2017

In pressure compensated external gear machines (EGMs), lateral lubricating interfaces exist between floating lateral bushings and gears. These interfaces are primarily responsible for supporting the high pressure bearing loads in these gaps and promoting good operating efficiencies of these units. A fully coupled fluid-structure-thermal interaction lateral gap model has been developed previously in the authors’ research team which considers this highly coupled physical phenomena to predict the lubrication performance of the interface under full film as well as mixed film conditions. In the current work, capabilities of the lateral gap model are utilized in studying the impact of the variations in surface finishes on the performance of a commercially available EGM chosen for this study.
Lateral plate designs of varying surface roughness are chosen for the same EGM unit, to analyze their influence on the lubricating performance of the unit. Detailed surface profile measurements were carried out on these lateral plates under study to determine precise inputs to the lateral gap model. Resulting numerical simulations from the gap model over different operating conditions are used to examine the significant performance features associated with the lateral interface which are affected by such surface variations. Furthermore, the paper compares the simulated leakages obtained directly from the lateral gap model for each of the lateral plate designs, with corresponding experimental data over a wide range of operating conditions.
Study of the Sloshing in a Fuel Tank Using CFD and EFD Approaches
Authors: Frosina Emma , Senatore Adolfo , Andreozzi Assunta , Marinaro Gianluca , Buono Dario , Bianco Gennaro , Auriemma Domenico , Fortunato Francesco , Damiano Fulvio , Giliberti Pino 
Published: December 2017

This paper is focused on the study of the sloshing in the fuel tank of vehicles. As well known, fluid dynamic in an automotive fuel tank have to be studied and optimized to allow the correct fuel suction in all driving conditions, prevent undesired slosh noise and limit its influence on fuel vapor formation and management. Experimentation to predict the sloshing with a good accuracy depends on the ability to replace real working parameters and conditions like accelerations, decelerations, slope variations and rotations.
This paper shows results obtained studying the sloshing inside a reference tank with computational fluid-dynamic and experimental approaches.
The test bench for automotive fuel tank, employed in this analysis, has been designed by Moog Inc. on specification from Fiat Chrysler Automobiles and it is aimed at covering the wider possible range of dynamic conditions. It basically consists of a hexapod, which uses six independent actuators arranged in three triangles and connecting a base and a top platform, thus allowing all six DOFs. Above the top platform is mounted a tilt table with two additional actuators, to extend pitch and roll envelope, thus the name of “8-DOF bench”.
A dedicated CFD model has been built up using a CFD commercial code. The model has been integrated with the multiphase tool in order to correctly reply the real free surface.
Results, numerical and experimental, have been post-processed with Matlab® comparing percentage gaps of the free surfaces each other. The comparison has shown a good agreement.
This research is the result of a scientific collaboration between the Industrial Engineering Department of University of Naples Federico II and FCA Fiat Chrysler Automobiles.
Indirect Pressure Measurement on Hydraulic Components Through New MEMS Strain Sensors
Authors: Ruggeri Massimiliano , Massarotti Giorgio Paolo , Belsito Luca , Roncaglia Alberto 
Published: December 2017

Sensors are playing a more important role in the modern hydraulic systems. Increasing needs for closed loop controls, high precision measurement, power control and energy monitoring, diagnosis and safety concerns, ask for both pressure and flow acquisition in both industrial and mobile applications.
Traditional pressure sensors need specific bored screw for mounting, and both pipes and components must be modified in order to apply pressure sensors. Traditional pressure sensors are related to mini-mess and to oil flow modification in the sensor area.
Sensors position in hydraulic circuits or components must be defined at design phase, in order to design the proper screw in desired circuit positions.
Most of times sensors result in a efficiency loss in the circuit.
Last but not least, the cost of traditional sensors, the need for proper connections for sensors installation and the work needed for sensor placement in machines production phase, could be avoided if sensors could be integrated in smart components.
Modern Silicon based technologies offer new solutions for a less invasive pressure measurement. Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Technology is suitable to design new sensors for indirect pressure measurement. Also traditional technologies, coupled with modern electronics could offer solutions that were not enough precise 10 years ago, but presenting some tricks to be solved accurately.
The paper presents the first experimental results of the early stage of application of a MEMS strain gauge sensor application on components, where hydraulic pressure is measured through the component strain due to internal pressure force and component deformation.
New sensors called Double Ended Tuning Fork (DETF) MEMS Resonant Extensometer sensor, based on a silicon diapason made in void environment in a system on chip will be applied at components due to the sensor’s sensitivity and precision that can reach the 0,15 nε/ε.
At the same time the paper will show that pipes offer a deformation function of the mechanical characteristics and that the pressure effect is causing a deformation that can be even too high for the MEMS sensor.
The strain position sensor and component deformation are also proved by the FEM analysis in order to validate both pressure measurement and FEM analysis in respect to test bench results applied to the sensor strain acquisition.
Concentrations of Cefuroxime in Brain Tissue of Neurointensive Care Patients
Authors: Hosmann A. , Ritscher L. C. , Burgmann H. , Oesterreicher Z. , Jäger W. , Poschner S. , Knosp E. , Reinprecht A. , Gruber A. , Zeitlinger M. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

Effective concentrations of antibiotics in brain tissue are essential for antimicrobial therapy of brain infections. However, data concerning cerebral penetration properties of antibiotics for treatment or prophylaxis of central nervous system infections are rare. Six patients suffering subarachnoid hemorrhage and requiring cerebral microdialysis for neurochemical monitoring were included in this study. Free interstitial concentrations of cefuroxime after intravenous application of 1,500 mg were measured by microdialysis in brain tissue, as well as in plasma at steady-state (
n
= 6) or after single-dose administration (
n
= 1). At steady state, free area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC
0–24
) values of 389.0 ± 210.3 mg/liter·h and 131.4 ± 72.8 mg/liter·h were achieved for plasma and brain, respectively, resulting in a brain tissue penetration ratio (AUC
0–24 brain
/AUC
0–24 free plasma
) of 0.33 ± 0.1. Plasma and brain tissue concentrations at individual time points correlated well (
R
= 0.59,
P
= 0.001). At steady-state time over MIC (
t
>MIC) values of >40% of dosing interval were achieved up to an MIC of 16 mg/liter for plasma and 4 mg/liter for brain tissue. Although MIC
90
values could not be achieved in brain tissue for relevant bacteria, current dosing strategies of cefuroxime might be sufficient to treat pathogens with MIC values up to 4 mg/liter. The activity of cefuroxime in brain tissue might be overestimated when relying exclusively on plasma levels. Although currently insufficient data after single dose administration exist, lower brain-plasma ratios observed after the first dose might warrant a loading dose for treatment and perioperative prophylaxis.
Chemogenomic Profiling of the Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans
Authors: Chen Yaolin , Mallick Jaideep , Maqnas Alaa , Sun Yuan , Choudhury Baharul I. , Côte Pierre , Yan Lan , Ni Ting-jun-hong , Li Yan , Zhang Dazhi , Rodríguez-Ortiz Roberto , Lv Quan-zhen , Jiang Yuan-ying , Whiteway Malcolm 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

There is currently a small number of classes of antifungal drugs, and these drugs are known to target a very limited set of cellular functions. We derived a set of approximately 900 nonessential, transactivator-defective disruption strains from the tetracycline-regulated GRACE collection of strains of the fungal pathogen
Candida albicans
. This strain set was screened against classic antifungal drugs to identify gene inactivations that conferred either enhanced sensitivity or increased resistance to the compounds. We examined two azoles, fluconazole and posaconazole; two echinocandins, caspofungin and anidulafungin; and a polyene, amphotericin B. Overall, the chemogenomic profiles within drug classes were highly similar, but there was little overlap between classes, suggesting that the different drug classes interacted with discrete networks of genes in
C. albicans
. We also tested two pyridine amides, designated GPI-LY7 and GPI-C107; these drugs gave very similar profiles that were distinct from those of the echinocandins, azoles, or polyenes, supporting the idea that they target a distinct cellular function. Intriguingly, in cases where these gene sets can be compared to genetic disruptions conferring drug sensitivity in other fungi, we find very little correspondence in genes. Thus, even though the drug targets are the same in the different species, the specific genetic profiles that can lead to drug sensitivity are distinct. This implies that chemogenomic screens of one organism may be poorly predictive of the profiles found in other organisms and that drug sensitivity and resistance profiles can differ significantly among organisms even when the apparent target of the drug is the same.