bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early childhood parenting and child impulsivity as precursors to aggression, substance use, and risky sexual behavior in adolescence and early adulthood
Authors: Hentges Rochelle F. , Shaw Daniel S. , Wang Ming-Te 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe current study utilized a longitudinal design to explore the effect of early child impulsivity and rejecting parenting on the development of problematic behaviors in adolescence and early adulthood. Using a low-income sample of 310 mothers and their sons, we examined the direct and interactive effects of child impulsivity and rejecting parenting at age 2 on aggression and substance use at ages 12, 15, and 22, as well as risky sexual behavior at ages 15 and 22. Results revealed that rejecting parenting at age 2 predicted greater aggression at age 12 and risky sexual behavior at ages 15 and 22. Early impulsivity had few direct effects on later outcomes, with the exception of greater substance use at age 22. Instead, impulsivity emerged as a significant moderator in the link between rejecting parenting and aggression at all three ages and substance use at age 15. Specifically, early rejecting parenting predicted greater aggression and substance use only for children high in impulsivity. Findings highlight the potential for early child and parenting risk factors to have long-term implications for adjustment, with the combination of high impulsivity and rejecting parenting being particularly deleterious for problems of aggression throughout adolescence and into early adulthood.
Affective family interactions and their associations with adolescent depression: A dynamic network approach
Authors: Bodner Nadja , Kuppens Peter , Allen Nicholas B. , Sheeber Lisa B. , Ceulemans Eva 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe prevalence of depression rises steeply during adolescence. Family processes have been identified as one of the important factors that contribute to affect (dys)regulation during adolescence. In this study, we explored the affect expressed by mothers, fathers, and adolescents during a problem-solving interaction and investigated whether the patterns of the affective interactions differed between families with depressed adolescents and families with nondepressed adolescents. A network approach was used to depict the frequencies of different affects, concurrent expressions of affect, and the temporal sequencing of affective behaviors among family members. The findings show that families of depressed adolescents express more anger than families of nondepressed adolescents during the interaction. These expressions of anger co-occur and interact across time more often in families with a depressed adolescent than in other families, creating a more self-sustaining network of angry negative affect in depressed families. Moreover, parents’ angry and adolescents’ dysphoric affect follow each other more often in depressed families. Taken together, these patterns reveal a particular family dynamic that may contribute to vulnerability to, or maintenance of, adolescent depressive disorders. Our findings underline the importance of studying affective family interactions to understand adolescent depression.
Systematic review of infant and young child complementary feeding practices in South Asian families: the Pakistan perspective
Authors: Manikam Logan , Sharmila Anika , Dharmaratnam Abina , Alexander Emma C , Kuah Jia Ying , Prasad Ankita , Ahmed Sonia , Lingam Raghu , Lakhanpaul Monica 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveSuboptimal nutrition among children remains a problem among South Asian (SA) families. Appropriate complementary feeding (CF) practices can greatly reduce this risk. Thus, we undertook a systematic review of studies assessing CF (timing, dietary diversity, meal frequency and influencing factors) in children aged <2 years in Pakistan.DesignSearches between January 2000 and June 2016 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, Web of Science, OVID Maternity & Infant Care, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, BanglaJOL, POPLINE and WHO Global Health Library. Eligibility criteria: primary research on CF practices in SA children aged 0–2 years and/or their families. Search terms: ‘children’, ‘feeding’ and ‘Asians’ with their derivatives. Two researchers undertook study selection, data extraction and quality appraisal (EPPI-Centre Weight of Evidence).ResultsFrom 45 712 results, seventeen studies were included. Despite adopting the WHO Infant and Young Child Feeding guidelines, suboptimal CF was found in all studies. Nine of fifteen studies assessing timing recorded CF introduced between 6 and 9 months. Five of nine observed dietary diversity across four of seven food groups; and two of four, minimum meal frequency in over 50 % of participants. Influencing factors included lack of CF knowledge, low maternal education, socio-economic status and cultural beliefs.ConclusionsThis is the first systematic review to evaluate CF practices in Pakistan. Campaigns to change health and nutrition behaviour are needed to meet the substantial unmet needs of these children.
Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of the metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Yue , Su Lijun , Wang Jiantao , Duan Xiaolin , Jiang Xiubo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveSeveral epidemiological studies have been performed to evaluate the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the results remain controversial. Thus, we conducted a systematic meta-analysis to assess the associations of fruit or/and vegetable consumption with risk of MetS, separately.DesignWe searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases up to July 2017 for relevant available articles. Pooled OR with 95 % CI were calculated with the fixed- or random-effects model.ResultsA total of nine studies for fruit consumption, nine studies for vegetable consumption and seven studies for fruit and vegetable consumption were identified as eligible for the present meta-analysis. The pooled OR (95 % CI) of MetS for the highest v. lowest category were 0·87 (0·82, 0·92; I2=46·7 %) for fruit consumption, 0·85 (0·80, 0·91; I2=0·0 %) for vegetable consumption and 0·76 (0·62, 0·93; I2=83·5 %) for fruit and vegetable consumption. In subgroup analyses stratified by continent where the study was conducted, the inverse association of fruit consumption (0·86 (0·77, 0·96)) and vegetable consumption (0·86 (0·80, 0·92)) with risk of MetS remained significant in Asia. There was no evidence of small-study effect.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis indicates that fruit or/and vegetable consumption may be inversely associated with risk of MetS. It suggests that people should consume more fruits and vegetables to decrease the risk of MetS.
Chemical alteration and preservation of sedimentary/organic nitrogen isotope signatures in a 2.7 Ga seafloor volcanic sequence
Authors: Anderson L. D. , Bebout G. E. , Izawa M. R. M. , Bridge N. J. , Banerjee N. R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMassive to lobate volcanic flows and brecciated hyaloclastite units in the Abitibi greenstone belt allow investigation of Late Archæan seafloor alteration and associated incorporation into these rocks of nitrogen (N) biogeochemical signatures. In this suite (the Blake River Group), hyaloclastite units containing putative microbial ichnofossils are particularly enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (K, Rb, Ba, Cs), B, and Li, consistent with their having experienced the greatest fluid–rock interaction during subseafloor hydrothermal alteration. Similarly, silicate-δ18O and δ15N values for samples from the hyaloclastites show the greatest shifts from plausible magmatic values. The chemical and isotopic patterns in these tholeiitic igneous rocks greatly resemble those in modern altered seafloor basalts, consistent with the preservation of an Archæan seafloor alteration signature. The N enrichments and shifts in δ15N appear to reflect stabilization of illite and interaction with fluids carrying sedimentary/organic signatures. Enrichments of N (and the δ15N of this N) in altered glass volcanic rocks on Earth's modern and ancient seafloor point to the potential utility of N for tracing past and present biogeochemical processes in similar rocks at/near the Mars surface.
The avoidance of monetary system conflict: A role for recognition theory in reconstituting the global monetary system
Authors: FELDMANN JOHN D 
Published: November 2017

Abstract:This article examines the ongoing conflict in the global monetary system as a struggle over norms of recognition between the US Federal Reserve and the emerging market economies. The analysis demonstrates that the Fed, though dominant actor in the global monetary system, adopts a US-centric perspective and relies upon inadequate economic constructs that misrecognise periphery members and justify a dismissal of criticisms of its monetary policy actions. The article shows how the adoption of recognition principles in reconstituting the monetary rules of the game would provide the Fed with an understanding of the political economic essentials of member countries, a greater awareness of potential harms of its monetary policy actions and the importance of cooperation in reducing conflict and mitigating episodes of monetary instability.
Social Support from Developmental Contexts and Adolescent Substance Use and Well-Being: A Comparative Study of Spain and Portugal
Authors: Jiménez-Iglesias Antonia , Camacho Inês , Rivera Francisco , Moreno Carmen , Matos Margarida Gaspar de 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the contribution of social support from family, friend and school (teacher and classmate) contexts in substance use (tobacco and alcohol use) and well-being (life satisfaction and health-related quality of life). Participants were 5,784 Portuguese and 22,610 Spanish adolescents aged 11 to 16 years, from the 2014 edition of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Portugal and Spain. Results showed that for a higher life satisfaction, family (p< .001, partial η2= .032), teacher (p< .001, partial η2= .018) and classmate (p< .001, partial η2= .031) support were important in Portugal, and family (p< .001, partial η2= .056) and friend (p< .001, partial η2= .015) support in Spain. Similarly, for a better health-related quality of life, all the social support variables were relevant in Portugal (family:p< .001, partial η2= .063; teacher:p< .001, partial η2= .032; classmate:p< .001, partial η2= .054; friend:p< .001, partial η2= .034) and in Spain (family:p< .001, partial η2= .054; teacher:p< .001, partial η2= .014; classmate:p< .001, partial η2= .018; friend:p< .001, partial η2= .040). In contrast, only family support (p< .001, partial η2= .014) was relevant in Portugal for tobacco use. Therefore, social support was more relevant for adolescent well-being than for adolescent substance use, and the most relevant source of support was family support, in both Spain and Portugal.
Monolithic ultrasound fingerprint sensor
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyue , Lu Yipeng , Tang Hao-Yen , Tsai Julius M. , Ng Eldwin J. , Daneman Michael J. , Boser Bernhard E. , Horsley David A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a 591×438-DPI ultrasonic fingerprint sensor. The sensor is based on a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT) array that is bonded at wafer-level to complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) signal processing electronics to produce a pulse-echo ultrasonic imager on a chip. To meet the 500-DPI standard for consumer fingerprint sensors, the PMUT pitch was reduced by approximately a factor of two relative to an earlier design. We conducted a systematic design study of the individual PMUT and array to achieve this scaling while maintaining a high fill-factor. The resulting 110×56-PMUT array, composed of 30×43-μm2 rectangular PMUTs, achieved a 51.7% fill-factor, three times greater than that of the previous design. Together with the custom CMOS ASIC, the sensor achieves 2 mV kPa−1 sensitivity, 15 kPa pressure output, 75 μm lateral resolution, and 150 μm axial resolution in a 4.6 mm×3.2 mm image. To the best of our knowledge, we have demonstrated the first MEMS ultrasonic fingerprint sensor capable of imaging epidermis and sub-surface layer fingerprints.
Silicon CMOS architecture for a spin-based quantum computer
Authors: Veldhorst M. , Eenink H. G. J. , Yang C. H. , Dzurak A. S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRecent advances in quantum error correction codes for fault-tolerant quantum computing and physical realizations of high-fidelity qubits in multiple platforms give promise for the construction of a quantum computer based on millions of interacting qubits. However, the classical-quantum interface remains a nascent field of exploration. Here, we propose an architecture for a silicon-based quantum computer processor based on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. We show how a transistor-based control circuit together with charge-storage electrodes can be used to operate a dense and scalable two-dimensional qubit system. The qubits are defined by the spin state of a single electron confined in quantum dots, coupled via exchange interactions, controlled using a microwave cavity, and measured via gate-based dispersive readout. We implement a spin qubit surface code, showing the prospects for universal quantum computation. We discuss the challenges and focus areas that need to be addressed, providing a path for large-scale quantum computing.
Programmed biomolecule delivery to enable and direct cell migration for connective tissue repair
Authors: Qu Feini , Holloway Julianne L. , Esterhai John L. , Burdick Jason A. , Mauck Robert L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDense connective tissue injuries have limited repair, due to the paucity of cells at the wound site. We hypothesize that decreasing the density of the local extracellular matrix (ECM) in conjunction with releasing chemoattractive signals increases cellularity and tissue formation after injury. Using the knee meniscus as a model system, we query interstitial cell migration in the context of migratory barriers using a novel tissue Boyden chamber and show that a gradient of platelet-derived growth factor-AB (PDGF-AB) expedites migration through native tissue. To implement these signals in situ, we develop nanofibrous scaffolds with distinct fiber fractions that sequentially release active collagenase (to increase ECM porosity) and PDGF-AB (to attract endogenous cells) in a localized and coordinated manner. We show that, when placed into a meniscal defect, the controlled release of collagenase and PDGF-AB increases cellularity at the interface and within the scaffold, as well as integration with the surrounding tissue.
Repeat dose NRPT (nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene) increases NAD+ levels in humans safely and sustainably: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Dellinger Ryan W. , Santos Santiago Roel , Morris Mark , Evans Mal , Alminana Dan , Guarente Leonard , Marcotulli Eric 
Published: November 2017

AbstractNRPT is a combination of nicotinamide riboside (NR), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor vitamin found in milk, and pterostilbene (PT), a polyphenol found in blueberries. Here, we report this first-in-humans clinical trial designed to assess the safety and efficacy of a repeat dose of NRPT (commercially known as Basis). NRPT was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study in a population of 120 healthy adults between the ages of 60 and 80 years. The study consisted of three treatment arms: placebo, recommended dose of NRPT (NRPT 1X), and double dose of NRPT (NRPT 2X). All subjects took their blinded supplement daily for eight weeks. Analysis of NAD+ in whole blood demonstrated that NRPT significantly increases the concentration of NAD+ in a dose-dependent manner. NAD+ levels increased by approximately 40% in the NRPT 1X group and approximately 90% in the NRPT 2X group after 4 weeks as compared to placebo and baseline. Furthermore, this significant increase in NAD+ levels was sustained throughout the entire 8-week trial. NAD+ levels did not increase for the placebo group during the trial. No serious adverse events were reported in this study. This study shows that a repeat dose of NRPT is a safe and effective way to increase NAD+ levels sustainably.
Genomic and transcriptomic heterogeneity in metaplastic carcinomas of the breast
Authors: Piscuoglio Salvatore , Ng Charlotte K. Y. , Geyer Felipe C. , Burke Kathleen A. , Cowell Catherine F. , Martelotto Luciano G. , Natrajan Rachael , Popova Tatiana , Maher Christopher A. , Lim Raymond S. , Bruijn Ino de , Mariani Odette , Norton Larry , Vincent-Salomon Anne , Weigelt Britta , Reis-Filho Jorge S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMetaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare special histologic type of triple-negative breast cancer, characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells showing differentiation towards squamous epithelium and/or mesenchymal elements. Here we sought to define whether histologically distinct subgroups of MBCs would be underpinned by distinct genomic and/or transcriptomic alterations. Microarray-based copy number profiling identified limited but significant differences between the distinct MBC subtypes studied here, despite the limited sample size (n = 17). In particular, we found that, compared to MBCs with chondroid or squamous cell metaplasia, MBCs with spindle cell differentiation less frequently harbored gain of 7q11.22-23 encompassing CLDN3 and CLDN4, consistent with their lower expression of claudins and their association with the claudin-low molecular classification. Microarray-based and RNA-sequencing-based gene expression profiling revealed that MBCs with spindle cell differentiation differ from MBCs with chondroid or squamous cell metaplasia on the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-related genes, including down-regulation of CDH1 and EPCAM. In addition, RNA-sequencing revealed that the histologic patterns observed in MBCs are unlikely to be underpinned by a highly recurrent expressed fusion gene or a pathognomonic expressed mutation in cancer genes. Loss of PTEN expression or mutations affecting PIK3CA or TSC2 observed in 8/17 MBCs support the contention that PI3K pathway activation plays a role in the development of MBCs. Our data demonstrate that despite harboring largely similar patterns of gene copy number alterations, MBCs with spindle cell, chondroid and squamous differentiation are distinct at the transcriptomic level but are unlikely to be defined by specific pathognomonic genetic alterations.
Towards AI-powered personalization in MOOC learning
Authors: Yu Han , Miao Chunyan , Leung Cyril , White Timothy John 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMassive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) represent a form of large-scale learning that is changing the landscape of higher education. In this paper, we offer a perspective on how advances in artificial intelligence (AI) may enhance learning and research on MOOCs. We focus on emerging AI techniques including how knowledge representation tools can enable students to adjust the sequence of learning to fit their own needs; how optimization techniques can efficiently match community teaching assistants to MOOC mediation tasks to offer personal attention to learners; and how virtual learning companions with human traits such as curiosity and emotions can enhance learning experience on a large scale. These new capabilities will also bring opportunities for educational researchers to analyse students’ learning skills and uncover points along learning paths where students with different backgrounds may require different help. Ethical considerations related to the application of AI in MOOC education research are also discussed.
Midkine derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes cisplatin-resistance via up-regulation of the expression of lncRNA ANRIL in tumour cells
Authors: Zhang Dongya , Ding Liang , Li Yi , Ren Jing , Shi Guoping , Wang Yong , Zhao Shuli , Ni Yanhong , Hou Yayi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMidkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor that promotes carcinogenesis and chemoresistance. The tumour microenvironment (TME) can affect chemotherapy sensitivity. However, the role of stromal-derived MK, especially in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), is unclear. Here, we confirmed that MK decreased cisplatin-induced cell death in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells, ovarian cancer cells and lung cancer cells. We also isolated primary CAFs (n = 3) from OSCC patients and found that CAFs secreted increased levels of MK, which abrogated cisplatin-induced cell death. Moreover, MK increased the expression of lncRNA ANRIL in the tumour cells. Normal tissues, matched tumour-adjacent tissues and OSCC tissues were analysed (n = 60) and showed that lncRNA ANRIL was indeed overexpressed during carcinogenesis and correlated with both high TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (LNM). Furthermore, lncRNA ANRIL knockdown in tumour cells inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis and increased cisplatin cytotoxicity of the tumour cells via impairment of the drug transporters MRP1 and ABCC2, which could be restored by treatment with human MK in a caspase-3/BCL-2-dependent manner. In conclusion, we firstly describe that CAFs in the TME contribute to the high level of MK in tumours and that CAF-derived MK can promote cisplatin resistance via the elevated expression of lncRNA ANRIL.
Interplay between trauma and Pseudomonas entomophila infection in flies: a central role of the JNK pathway and of CrebA
Authors: Ragheb Ramy , Chuyen Alexandre , Torres Magali , Defaye Arnaud , Seyres Denis , Kremmer Laurent , Fernandez-Nunez Nicolas , Tricoire Hervé , Rihet Pascal , Nguyen Catherine , Röder Laurence , Perrin Laurent 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn mammals, both sterile wounding and infection induce inflammation and activate the innate immune system, and the combination of both challenges may lead to severe health defects, revealing the importance of the balance between the intensity and resolution of the inflammatory response for the organism’s fitness. Underlying mechanisms remain however elusive. Using Drosophila, we show that, upon infection with the entomopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas entomophila (Pe), a sterile wounding induces a reduced resistance and increased host mortality. To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the susceptibility of wounded flies to bacterial infection, we analyzed the very first steps of the process by comparing the transcriptome landscape of infected (simple hit flies, SH), wounded and infected (double hit flies, DH) and wounded (control) flies. We observed that overexpressed genes in DH flies compared to SH ones are significantly enriched in genes related to stress, including members of the JNK pathway. We demonstrated that the JNK pathway plays a central role in the DH phenotype by manipulating the Jra/dJun activity. Moreover, the CrebA/Creb3-like transcription factor (TF) and its targets were up-regulated in SH flies and we show that CrebA is required for mounting an appropriate immune response. Drosophila thus appears as a relevant model to investigate interactions between trauma and infection and allows to unravel key pathways involved.