bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Flood Inundation Forecasting Using Rating Curve Libraries
Authors: Buahin Caleb A. , Sangwan Nikhil , Fagan Cassandra , Maidment David R. , Horsburgh Jeffery S. , Nelson E. James , Merwade Venkatesh , Rae Curtis 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOne approach for performing uncertainty assessment in flood inundation modeling is to use an ensemble of models with different conceptualizations, parameters, and initial and boundary conditions that capture the factors contributing to uncertainty. However, the high computational expense of many hydraulic models renders their use impractical for ensemble forecasting. To address this challenge, we developed a rating curve library method for flood inundation forecasting. This method involves pre‐running a hydraulic model using multiple inflows and extracting rating curves, which prescribe a relation between streamflow and stage at various cross sections along a river reach. For a given streamflow, flood stage at each cross section is interpolated from the pre‐computed rating curve library to delineate flood inundation depths and extents at a lower computational cost. In this article, we describe the workflow for our rating curve library method and the Rating Curve based Automatic Flood Forecasting (RCAFF) software that automates this workflow. We also investigate the feasibility of using this method to transform ensemble streamflow forecasts into local, probabilistic flood inundation delineations for the Onion and Shoal Creeks in Austin, Texas. While our results show water surface elevations from RCAFF are comparable to those from the hydraulic models, the ensemble streamflow forecasts used as inputs to RCAFF are the largest source of uncertainty in predicting observed floods.
Differences Between Treatment‐Seeking and Nontreatment‐Seeking Alcohol‐Dependent Research Participants: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Rohn Matthew C.H. , Lee Mary R. , Kleuter Samuel B. , Schwandt Melanie L. , Falk Daniel E. , Leggio Lorenzo 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundAlcoholism is a chronic relapsing disorder with complex behavioral and functional heterogeneity. To date, attempts to characterize subgroups of alcohol‐dependent (AD) individuals have largely been focused on categorical distinctions based on behaviors such as ability to abstain, age of onset, and drinking motives, but these have failed to yield predictors of treatment response and disease course. The distinction between AD individuals who are or are not interested in treatment holds significant implications for interpreting results of human laboratory studies with nontreatment seekers and clinical trials with treatment‐seeking AD patients. However, despite their crucial role in alcohol‐related research, these 2 groups are poorly defined. In this exploratory analysis, we attempt to better define the phenotypic differences between these 2 experimentally relevant populations.MethodsWe analyzed data from AD individuals who participated in screening protocols to evaluate their suitability for participation in either treatment or nontreatment research studies at NIAAA. Scores on individual measures from a battery of behavioral, neuropsychological, and blood laboratory measures were compared between those who presented seeking treatment for AD and those who were not seeking treatment. Differences in each measure were assessed between the 2 groups. In addition, we explored whether significant differences were apparent when drinking behavior was used as a covariate.ResultsTreatment seekers manifested more impairment compared to nontreatment seekers on a wide variety of measures in the following categories: alcohol drinking, personality, impulsivity, trauma/stress, cognition, aggression, mood, and liver enzyme tests. Treatment seekers endorsed a greater number of AD criteria. Several measures including elevations in liver enzyme tests remained significantly different between the 2 groups when average daily alcohol consumption per drinking day was used as a covariate.ConclusionsTreatment‐seeking, compared to nontreatment‐seeking AD subjects who present for alcohol‐related research studies, differ in characteristics beyond the quantity of alcohol consumption. Implications of these differences with respect to clinical research for treatments of AD are discussed.
Imbalance between pro‐apoptotic and pro‐survival factors in human retinal pericytes in diabetic‐like conditions
Authors: Beltramo Elena , Arroba Ana I. , Mazzeo Aurora , Valverde Angela M. , Porta Massimo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPurposeLoss of pericytes is one the key events in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. We have previously demonstrated that human retinal pericytes (HRP) are more vulnerable to intermittent than stable high glucose concentrations, with an increase in apoptosis. Our aim was to explore the expression of molecules involved in pro‐apoptotic and survival pathways in pericytes cultured in stable/intermittent high glucose and/or hypoxia, to clarify the mechanisms of action of these diabetic‐like stressing stimuli.MethodsHuman retinal pericytes (HRP) were exposed intermittently at 48‐hr intervals to high/physiological glucose for 8 days (intHG) and/or hypoxia over the last 48 hr. Control cells were kept in stable physiological and high glucose. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed. The expression of pro‐apoptotic and pro‐survival molecules was evaluated by Western blotting. Caspase‐8 translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus was checked by Western blotting of nuclear versus cytoplasmic fractions and immunofluorescence.ResultsHypoxia, alone and combined with intHG, increased HRP apoptosis and decreased proliferation. Pro‐apoptotic molecules increased in HRP cultured in these conditions, while some survival markers decreased. Conversely, in stable HG, pro‐apoptotic molecules were stable or even decreased, and survival factors increased. Translocation of caspase‐8 from cytoplasm into nucleus indicates a primary role for this molecule in inducing apoptosis.ConclusionDiabetic‐like conditions are able to stimulate pericyte apoptosis through activation of pro‐apoptotic molecules, leading to an imbalance between pro‐apoptotic and survival signalling pathways, with caspase‐8 playing a pivotal role. Our identification of such intermediates could help finding new therapeutic approaches for the prevention of diabetic retinopathy.
Literature review on cancer risk in children born after fertility treatment suggests increased risk of haematological cancers
Authors: Reigstad Marte M. , Oldereid Nan B. , Omland Anne K. , Storeng Ritsa 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMedically assisted fertility treatment, including assisted reproductive technology (ART), is increasingly being used and the subsequent child health outcomes are of interest. Some studies have suggested an elevated risk of somatic morbidity, while others have reported an elevated cancer risk. This review summarises the literature on fertility treatments and childhood cancer, based on 23 cohort and case–control studies.ConclusionThe findings varied, but reassuring results on overall childhood cancer and fertility treatment were observed. However, some studies suggested an elevated risk of haematological cancers. More large population‐based studies are needed, and the growing population of ART children should be monitored.
Policy of feeding very preterm infants with their mother's own fresh expressed milk was associated with a reduced risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Dicky Odile , Ehlinger Virginie , Montjaux Nathalie , Gremmo‐Féger Gisèle , Sizun Jacques , Rozé Jean‐Christophe , Arnaud Catherine , Casper Charlotte ,   the EPIPAGE 2 Nutrition Study Group,   the EPINUTRI Study Group
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimSince 2005, the French Food Safety Agency has recommended that very preterm or low‐birthweight babies should be fed with pasteurised, expressed breastmilk, and feeding policies on this vary widely in French neonatal units. We investigated the differences between using a mother's expressed milk, in fresh or pasteurised forms, for very preterm infants.MethodsThis observational multicentre study analysed data on 926 very preterm infants: 636 from neonatal units who used the mother's own fresh milk and 290 who used the mother's milk after pasteurisation. We analysed necrotising enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, in‐hospital mortality, late‐onset sepsis, weight gain, length of hospital stay, the duration of parenteral nutrition and the duration of enteral feeding with a nasogastric tube. Multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the impact of maternal milk policies.ResultsAfter adjustment, there was a reduced risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the fresh milk group with an odds ratio of 0.40 and 95% confidence interval of 0.27–0.67 (p < 0.001). No other statistically significant differences were observed.ConclusionFeeding very preterm infants with their mother's expressed fresh milk was associated with a reduced risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and further investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical impact of this practice.
Gender differences in exposure and vulnerability to psychosocial and behavioral factors of suicide attempt among Korean adolescents
Authors: Jeon Gyeong‐Suk , Choi Kyungwon , Cho Sung‐il 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroductionThis study examined gender differences in suicide attempts and their association with exposure and vulnerability to psychosocial, behavioral, and structural factors among Korean adolescents.MethodsData of 74 854 adolescents, taken from the 2010 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, were used. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the contribution of differential exposure to psychosocial, behavioral, and structural factors for gender differences of suicidal attempt.ResultsGender differences were observed in the degree of exposure to the various factors. Females were more likely to report psychosocial problems, whereas males were more likely to report experience of smoking and drinking alcohol and to engage in vigorous physical activity. Stress and unhappiness were significantly associated with suicide attempts in both males and females, and gender differences in these variables were nonsignificant. Depressive symptoms were associated with a higher risk of suicide attempts, and this relationship was significantly stronger for males. The effects of cigarette smoking and risky drinking were significantly stronger in females.DiscussionGreater exposure to perceived stress, feelings of unhappiness, depression, and higher vulnerability of smoking and heavy drinking accounted for higher suicide attempts of female adolescents. Higher exposure to health‐related behaviors and greater vulnerability to depressive symptoms in male were also noted. In conclusion, differences in exposure and vulnerability to psychosocial and behavioral factors may partly explain gender differences in suicide attempts among Korean adolescents.
Buchnera aphidicola of the birch blister aphid, Hamamelistes betulinus (Horváth, 1896) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Aphididae: Hormaphidinae): molecular characterization, transmission between generations and its geographic significance
Authors: Wegierek Piotr , Michalik Anna , Wieczorek Karina , Kanturski Mariusz , Kobiałka Michał , Śliwa Karolina , Szklarzewicz Teresa 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe birch blister aphid Hamamelistes betulinus, like most aphids, is host to obligate symbiotic bacterium Buchnera aphidicola. Ultrastructural and molecular analyses did not reveal the presence of secondary symbionts in the body of H. betulinus. The bacteria Buchnera aphidicola are transmitted to the next generation vertically (maternally). The bacteria released from the cytoplasm of the bacteriocyte to the haemolymph migrate to the embryo at the cellular blastoderm stage, through the opening at its posterior pole. Next, the bacteria enter the cytoplasm of newly formed bacteriocytes. The concept of the relationship between the geographic distribution of Hormaphidini aphids and the presence/absence of bacterium Buchnera aphidicola is discussed.
5‐fluorouracil causes endothelial cell senescence: potential protective role of glucagon‐like peptide 1
Authors: Altieri Paola , Murialdo Roberto , Barisione Chiara , Lazzarini Edoardo , Garibaldi Silvano , Fabbi Patrizia , Ruggeri Clarissa , Borile Silvia , Carbone Federico , Armirotti Andrea , Canepa Marco , Ballestrero Alberto , Brunelli Claudio , Montecucco Fabrizio , Ameri Pietro , Spallarossa Paolo 
Published: January 2017

Background and Purpose5‐fluorouracil (5FU) and its prodrug, capecitabine, can damage endothelial cells, whilst endothelial integrity is preserved by glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1). Here, we studied the effect of 5FU on endothelial senescence and whether GLP‐1 antagonizes it.Experimental ApproachEA.hy926 cells were exposed to 5FU or sera from patients taking capecitabine, with or without pre‐incubation with GLP‐1. Senescence was identified by expression of senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase and p16INK4a and reduced cell proliferation. Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (sVCAM‐1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1) and CD146 (marker of endothelial injury) were measured by ELISA before and at completion of capecitabine chemotherapy. RT‐PCR, western blotting, functional experiments with signalling inhibitors and ERK1/2 silencing were performed to characterize 5FU‐induced phenotype and elucidate the pathways underlying 5FU and GLP‐1 activity.Key ResultsBoth 5FU and sera from capecitabine‐treated patients stimulated endothelial cell senescence. 5FU‐elicited senescence occurred via activation of p38 and JNK, and was associated with decreased eNOS and SIRT‐1 levels. Furthermore, 5FU up‐regulated VCAM1 and TYMP (encodes enzyme activating capecitabine and 5FU), and sVCAM‐1 and CD146 concentrations were higher after than before capecitabine chemotherapy. A non‐significant trend for higher ICAM1 levels was also observed. GLP‐1 counteracted 5FU‐initiated senescence and reduced eNOS and SIRT‐1 expression, this protection being mediated by GLP‐1 receptor, ERK1/2 and, possibly, PKA and PI3K.Conclusions and Implications5FU causes endothelial cell senescence and dysfunction, which may contribute to its cardiovascular side effects. 5FU‐triggered senescence was prevented by GLP‐1, raising the possibility of using GLP‐1 analogues and degradation inhibitors to treat 5FU and capecitabine vascular toxicity.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on New Insights into Cardiotoxicity Caused by Chemotherapeutic Agents. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.21/issuetoc
Bisperoxovandium (pyridin‐2‐squaramide) targets both PTEN and ERK1/2 to confer neuroprotection
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Feng , Chen Juan , Han Xin , Zhang Ya , Liao Hua‐Bao , Lei Rui‐Xue , Zhuang Yang , Wang Ze‐Fen , Li Zhiqiang , Chen Jin‐Cao , Liao Wei‐Jing , Zhou Hai‐Bing , Liu Fang , Wan Qi 
Published: January 2017

Background and PurposeWe and others have shown that inhibiting phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) or activating ERK1/2 confer neuroprotection. As bisperoxovanadium compounds are well‐established inhibitors of PTEN, we designed bisperoxovandium (pyridin‐2‐squaramide) [bpV(pis)] and determined whether and how bpV(pis) exerts a neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischaemia–reperfusion injury.Experimental ApproachMalachite green‐based phosphatase assay was used to measure PTEN activity. A western blot assay was used to measure the phosphorylation level of Akt and ERK1/2 (p‐Akt and p‐ERK1/2). Oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) was used to injure cultured cortical neurons. Cell death and viability were assessed by LDH and MTT assays. To verify the effects of bpV(pis) in vivo, Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion, and brain infarct volume was measured and neurological function tests performed.Key ResultsbpV(pis) inhibited PTEN activity and increased p‐Akt in SH‐SY5Y cells but not in PTEN‐deleted U251 cells. bpV(pis) also elevated p‐ERK1/2 in both SH‐SY5Y and U251 cells. These data indicate that bpV(pis) enhances Akt activation through PTEN inhibition but increases ERK1/2 activation independently of PTEN signalling. bpV(pis) prevented OGD‐induced neuronal death in vitro and reduced brain infarct volume and promoted functional recovery in stroke animals. This neuroprotective effect of bpV(pis) was blocked by inhibiting Akt and/or ERK1/2.Conclusions and ImplicationsbpV(pis) confers neuroprotection in OGD‐induced injury in vitro and in cerebral ischaemia in vivo by suppressing PTEN and activating ERK1/2. Thus, bpV(pis) is a bi‐target neuroprotectant that may be developed as a drug candidate for stroke treatment.
Conceptual pathways and institutional barriers for urban physical geography: A response to Ashmore and Dodson
Authors: Conway Tenley M. 
Published: January 2017

Key Messages

Growing urban physical geography research will focus the discipline on the places where most Canadians live and work, potentially raising the visibility of the discipline.
Urban physical geography can look to urban ecology for conceptual models to help advance urban physical geography research.
Funding institutions and undergraduate programs represent barriers for urban physical geography in Canada.
The Role of Generic Language in the Early Development of Social Categorization
Authors: Rhodes Marjorie , Leslie Sarah‐Jane , Bianchi Lydia , Chalik Lisa 
Published: January 2017

Classifying people into categories not only helps humans simplify a complex social world but also contributes to stereotyping and discrimination. This research examines how social categorization develops by testing how language imbues with meaning otherwise arbitrary differences between people. Experimental studies (N = 129) with 2‐year‐olds showed that generic language—language that refers to abstract kinds—guides the development of social categorization. Toddlers learned a new category after hearing generic language about individuals who shared an arbitrary perceptual feature but not after hearing matched specific language, simple labels, or plural (but nongeneric) language about the same set of individuals. These findings show how subtle linguistic cues shape the development of social categorization.
Sleep Tight, Act Right: Negative Affect, Sleep and Behavior Problems During Early Childhood
Authors: Cremone Amanda , de Jong Desiree M. , Kurdziel Lauri B. F. , Desrochers Phillip , Sayer Aline , LeBourgeois Monique K. , Spencer Rebecca M. C. , McDermott Jennifer M. 
Published: January 2017

Temperamental negative affect and insufficient sleep have been independently associated with behavior problems during early childhood. However, it is unknown whether these factors interact to contribute to behavioral difficulties in young children. The current study examined the interactions between temperamental negative affect and both sleep onset time and sleep midpoint, assessed by actigraphy, in predicting externalizing and internalizing behaviors in a sample of 117 children (34–69 months of age). Children with high temperamental negative affect and either later sleep onset time or later sleep midpoint were more likely to exhibit externalizing and internalizing behaviors. These results emphasize the association between temperamental negative affect and behavioral difficulties, particularly for children with insufficient sleep.
Words to Sleep On: Naps Facilitate Verb Generalization in Habitually and Nonhabitually Napping Preschoolers
Authors: Sandoval Michelle , Leclerc Julia A. , Gómez Rebecca L. 
Published: January 2017

A nap soon after encoding leads to better learning in infancy. However, whether napping plays the same role in preschoolers' learning is unclear. In Experiment 1 (N = 39), 3‐year‐old habitual and nonhabitual nappers learned novel verbs before a nap or a period of wakefulness and received a generalization test examining word extension to novel actors after 24 hr. Only habitual and nonhabitual nappers who napped after learning generalized 24 hr later. In Experiment 2 (N = 40), children learned the same verbs but were tested within 2–3 min of training. Here, habitual and nonhabitual nappers retained the mappings but did not generalize. The results suggest that naps consolidate weak learning that habitual and nonhabitual nappers would otherwise forget over periods of wakefulness.
Experiences in microarray‐based evaluation of developmental disabilities and congenital anomalies
Authors: Ozyilmaz B. , Kirbiyik O. , Koc A. , Ozdemir T.R. , Kaya O.O. , Guvenc M.S. , Erdoğan K.M. , Kutbay Y.B. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundChromosomal microarray analysis is the first‐tier test for the evaluation of developmental disabilities and congenital anomalies. In this report, we present CMA results of 971 patient and 301 parent samples.Materials and MethodsAmong 971 patient samples, 133 (13.6%) had pathogenic variants.ResultsWhile analyzing, an “in‐house” variant database was also used besides other databases. Owing to this, we have found chance to report the most frequent benign variants in Turkish population.ConclusionWith the additional data we acquired in this study, we also emphasized the high potential of CMA in revealing single gene disorders and novel gene‐phenotype associations as well as copy number variations.
Clinicopathological relevance of antithyroglobulin antibodies in low‐risk papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Morand G.B. , da Silva S.D. , Mlynarek A.M. , Black M.J. , Payne R.J. , Hier M.P. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveThe extent of initial surgical management in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is controversial. We examined whether the presence of perioperative antithyroglobulin antibodies (TGA) could predict long‐term recurrence and occurrence of adverse features among a homogenous group of patients with PTC.MethodsThe clinical features of patients with PTC treated at a single institution (Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada) were obtained from the medical records, and all clinicopathologic information was reviewed. Only low‐risk PTC without clinical evidence of nodal disease before surgery and treated with 30 mCi of radioactive iodine was included in the study.ResultsThe chart review retrieved 361 patients with a median follow‐up of 85.0 months (Q25‐Q75 73‐98). Forty‐two (11.6%) patients had presence of perioperative TGA. Perioperative TGAs were associated with present extrathyroidal extension (P=.005), unsuspected nodal disease (P=.001) and autoimmune thyroiditis (P<.0001). Overall, 17 (4.7%) patients experienced locoregional recurrence. Perioperative TGAs were a significant predictor of recurrence in univariable (P=.021) but not in multivariable analysis (P=.13).ConclusionPresence of perioperative TGAs is associated with aggressive histological features and the presence of thyroiditis. Detection of TGA perioperatively may encourage surgeons to consider more extensive initial surgery.