bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Methylation and Age-Independent Cardiovascular Risk, an Epigenome-Wide Approach
Authors: Fernández-Sanlés Alba , Sayols-Baixeras Sergi , Curcio Santiago , Subirana Isaac , Marrugat Jaume , Elosua Roberto 
Published: January 2018

Objective—
The objectives of this study were to decipher whether age-independent cardiovascular risk is associated with DNA methylation at 5′-cytosine-phosphate-guanine-3′ (CpG) level and to determine whether these differential methylation signatures are associated with the incidence of cardiovascular events.

Approach and Results—

We designed a 2-stage, cross-sectional, epigenome-wide association study. Age-independent cardiovascular risk calculation was based on vascular age and on the residuals of the relationship between age and cardiovascular risk. Blood DNA methylomes from 2 independent populations were profiled using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. The discovery stage of these studies was performed in the REGICOR cohort (REgistre GIroní del COR; n=645). Next, we validated the initial findings in the Framingham Offspring Study (n=2542). Eight CpGs located in 4 genes (
AHRR
,
CPT1A
,
PPIF
, and
SBNO2
) and 3 intergenic regions showed differential methylation in association with age-independent cardiovascular risk (
P
≤1.17×10
−7
). These CpGs explained 12.01% to 15.16% of the variability of age-independent cardiovascular risk in REGICOR and 7.51% to 8.53% in Framingham Offspring Study. Four of them were only related to smoking, 3 were related to smoking and body mass index, and 1 to diabetes mellitus, triglycerides levels, and body mass index (
P
≤7.81×10
−4
). In addition, we developed methylation risk scores based on these CpGs and observed an association between these scores and cardiovascular disease incidence (hazard ratio=1.32; 95% confidence interval: 1.16–1.51).

Conclusions—
Age-independent cardiovascular risk was related to different DNA methylation profiles, with 8 CpGs showing differential methylation patterns. Most of these CpGs were associated with smoking, and 3 of them were also related to body mass index. Risk scores based on these differential methylation patterns were associated with cardiovascular events and could be useful predictive indices.
Роль картотеки «портретів слів» в укладанні словників нового покоління
Authors: Карпіловська [Karpilovs'ka] Євгенія [IEvheniia] Анатоліївна [Anatoliïvna] 
Published: January 2018

The role of “portraits of words” card index in the compiling of new generation dictionariesThe article presents the concept of “portraits of words” card index as a necessary tool of the analysis of language changes for the compiling of dictionaries of new generation. Such card index contains information not only about the use of words in the texts of various functional styles, time, subject and purpose, but also about their systemic characteristics: paradigmatic, syntagmatic and epidigmatic (derivational and associative). The information about a word gathered in the card index of this type serves as guidelines for its verification in the corpus as well as in the various text databases, including online resources. It allows to check the use of new words, their spelling variations, development of their semantics, the course of their competition with other nominations of the same realities, processes or attributes in the texts. A “portraits of words” card index, as juxtaposed with the corpus and texts, signals the need to supplement the corpus with certain types of texts, as well as the need to change the annotation of its texts. This enables the preparation of verified materials for the compiling of new generation dictionaries. Rola kartoteki „portretów słów” w tworzeniu słowników nowej generacjiW artykule przedstawiono koncepcję kartoteki „portretów słów” jako narzędzia analizy zmian językowych niezbędnego przy tworzeniu słowników nowego pokolenia. Kartoteka taka mieści w sobie informacje nie tylko o tym, jak słowo używane jest w tekstach o różnych stylach funkcjonalnych, z różnych okresów, o różnej tematyce i różnym przeznaczeniu, lecz także o jego charakterystykach systemowych: paradygmatycznych, syntagmatycznych i epidygmatycznych (słowotwórczych i asocjacyjnych). Informacje na temat słowa zgromadzone w takiej kartotece będą służyć jako swego rodzaju punkty orientacyjne przy weryfikacji występowania danego wyrazu w korpusie i bazach tekstów, zwłaszcza w internecie. Informacje te dają możliwość przeprowadzania porównań z tekstami pod kątem występowania nowych słów, wariantów ich pisowni, rozwoju ich semantyki, przebiegu ich konkurencji z innymi sposobami opisu tych samych realiów, procesów czy cech. Kartoteka tego rodzaju, w zestawieniu z korpusem i tekstami, sygnalizuje konieczność uzupełnienia korpusu o pewne rodzaje tekstów, a także potrzebę zmiany oznaczeń umieszczonych w korpusie tekstów – a tym samym pozwala na przygotowanie zweryfikowanego materiału wyjściowego do tworzenia słowników nowego pokolenia.
Czasowniki mentalne i czasowniki emocji w opisie semantyczno-syntaktycznym
Authors: Korytkowska Małgorzata 
Published: January 2018

Mental and emotional verbs in semantic and syntactic descriptionThe main issue of this article concerns relations between the semantic plane of the sentence, which is presented by means of notions of predicate argument structure, and the plane of formal realisation of this structure. The existing attitudes to the studied verb classes are presented. Then rules governing the model of description used are specified (the article has been written within an elaborate scientific grant concerning Bulgarian, Polish and Russian). Obligatory semantic features of both classes are pointed out, followed by an elaboration on the scope of analysis of semantic and syntactic phenomena. This scope is determined by basic semantic sentence categories on which comparative, including contrastive, research is based. Drawing on examples of particular units studied, I then discuss the effectiveness of the analysis which enables comparing differences between sets of sentence structures allowable for each class studied. Those differences stem from semantic differences typical of those classes. Czasowniki mentalne i czasowniki emocji w opisie semantyczno-syntaktycznymTematyka artykułu dotyczy relacji między płaszczyzną semantyczną zdania, ujętą w terminach struktury predykatowo-argumentowej, a płaszczyzną realizacji formalnej tej struktury. Zarysowane zostały dotychczasowe podejścia do opisu badanych klas czasowników oraz sprecyzowano ustalenia dotyczące zastosowanego w artykule modelu opisu (artykuł powstał w związku z realizacją obszernego grantu dotyczącego języka bułgarskiego, polskiego i rosyjskiego). Wskazano obligatoryjne dla obu klas cechy semantyczne oraz scharakteryzowano zakres analizy zjawisk semantyczno-składniowych. Zakres ten wyznaczają podstawowe semantyczne kategorie zdaniowe, których badanie stanowi podstawę dla porównań, także porównań konfrontatywnych. Zaprezentowane zostały przykłady opracowania wybranych jednostek oraz wskazana skuteczność analizy, która pozwala ukazać różnice między zbiorami dopuszczalnych dla każdej z badanych klas struktur zdaniowych. Różnice te wynikają z charakteryzujących te klasy różnic semantycznych.
Wyrazy z interfiksem -ø- (formantem zerowym) w języku serbskim (analiza słowotwórczo-semantyczna)
Authors: Ratković Dragana M. 
Published: January 2018

Words with the interfix -ø- (the zero interfix) in the Serbian languageThe work represents a derivational and semantic analysis of the words with the zero interfix in the contemporary Serbian language in accordance with the conceptual and terminological apparatus of modern Slavic derivatology. The author argues that the zero interfix, as the differentia specifica of compound words, occurred in the Serbian language very early – at the end of the 12th century and is currently very productive because of how economical the lexemes thus created are. In modern Serbian, new words of this type appear by way of borrowing from other languages, primarily from the English language (e.g., pank-moda, boks-meč, pres-centar etc.). Wyrazy z interfiksem -ø- (formant zerowy) w języku serbskim (analiza słowotwórczo-semantyczna)Praca stanowi słowotwórczo-semantyczną analizę wyrazów z interfiksem zerowym we współczesnym języku serbskim zgodnie z pojęciowoterminologicznym aparatem współczesnego słowotwórstwa slawistycznego. Autorka wskazuje również na to, że zerowy interfiks, jako differentia specifica wyrazów powstałych przez złożenie, w języku serbskim pojawia się bardzo wcześnie – istnieje już w końcu XII wieku. Aktualnie model słowotwórczy wyrazów z interfiksem zerowym jest niezwykle produktywny ze względu na ekonomiczność leksemów tego typu. We współczesnym języku pojawiają się one przede wszystkim za sprawą zapożyczeń z innych języków, głównie z angielskiego (np. pank-moda, boks-meč, pres-centar itd.).
Sprawozdanie z konferencji "Symposium etymologicum. Śladami myśli etymologicznej"
Authors: Pogwizd Szymon 
Published: January 2018

Report from the conference Symposium etymologicum. Tracing etymological thoughtThe article is a report from the conference Symposium etymologicum. Śladami myśli etymologicznej (Symposium etymologicum. Tracing etymological thought), which was held in Kraków on 27–29 May 2016. The Symposium etymologicum is a recurring international conference focusing on diachronic linguistics and especially etymology, a part of a series of etymological conferences organized under the auspices of the Etymological Commission of the International Committee of Slavists. The May 2016 Symposium, aside its usual goal of allowing for exchange of views between representative of various linguistics institutions, aimed to honour the memory of the prominent Slavist and etymologist – a full member of the Committee on Linguistics of the Polish Academy of Sciences – Professor Franciszek Sławski on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth. Sprawozdanie z konferencji Symposium etymologicum. Śladami myśli etymologicznejArtykuł stanowi sprawozdanie z konferencji Symposium etymologicum. Śladami myśli etymologicznej, która odbyła się w Krakowie w dniach 27–29 maja 2016 roku. Symposium etymologicum to międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa o profilu diachronicznym ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem etymologii, wchodząca w cykl konferencji etymologicznych organizowanych pod patronatem Komisji Etymologicznej przy Międzynarodowym Komitecie Slawistów. Symposium z maja 2016 roku, poza celem merytorycznym, czyli wymianą poglądów między reprezentantami różnych ośrodków językoznawczych, miało również uczcić pamięć wybitnego slawisty i etymologa – członka rzeczywistego Komitetu Językoznawstwa PAN – prof. dr. hab. Franciszka Sławskiego w stulecie jego urodzin.
Trois Seshemnefer Et Trente-Six Domaines
Authors: Delvaux Luc , Warmenbol Eugène 
Published: January 2018

The tomb of Seshemnefer-Heba in Saqqara was excavated in 1860 by Mariette. Only the false-door was published, and allegedly transferred to the Cairo Museum, while the reliefs decorating the chapel were reburied. These resurfaced as separate blocks in private collections in the 1960s. A remarkable addition to the series is a block from the north wall seen in a Belgian collection, showing six female personifications of estates. This new discovery makes it very probable that there were originally 36 estates represented in the mastaba of Seshemnefer-Heba. It also appears that the number 36 is a recurring and significant one, to be found in other tombs, mainly dating from the reign of Djedkare-Isesi, who subjected Egypt to extensive administrative reforms. It is clear that there were already 42 nomes by then, so the 36 estates probably correspond to an ideal and not a real geography: with 36 estates the deceased could have access to all the means of the country.
The human IL-15 superagonist ALT-803 directs SIV-specific CD8+ T cells into B-cell follicles
Authors: Webb Gabriela M. , Li Shengbin , Mwakalundwa Gwantwa , Folkvord Joy M. , Greene Justin M. , Reed Jason S. , Stanton Jeffery J. , Legasse Alfred W. , Hobbs Theodore , Martin Lauren D. , Park Byung S. , Whitney James B. , Jeng Emily K. , Wong Hing C. , Nixon Douglas F. , Jones R. Brad , Connick Elizabeth , Skinner Pamela J. , Sacha Jonah B. 
Published: January 2018

Key Points
IL-15 superagonist sends antiviral CD8 T cells to B-cell follicles, which typically exclude them.
A perspective on multi‐target drug discovery and design for complex diseases
Authors: Ramsay Rona R. , Popovic‐Nikolic Marija R. , Nikolic Katarina , Uliassi Elisa , Bolognesi Maria Laura 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDiseases of infection, of neurodegeneration (such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases), and of malignancy (cancers) have complex and varied causative factors. Modern drug discovery has the power to identify potential modulators for multiple targets from millions of compounds. Computational approaches allow the determination of the association of each compound with its target before chemical synthesis and biological testing is done. These approaches depend on the prior identification of clinically and biologically validated targets. This Perspective will focus on the molecular and computational approaches that underpin drug design by medicinal chemists to promote understanding and collaboration with clinical scientists.
High-Throughput Architecture for Discovering Combination Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Gianni Matt , Qin Yong , Wenes Geert , Bandstra Becca , Conley Anthony P. , Subbiah Vivek , Leibowitz-Amit Raya , Ekmekcioglu Suhendan , Grimm Elizabeth A. , Roszik Jason 
Published: January 2018

Purpose The amount of available next-generation sequencing data of tumors, in combination with relevant molecular and clinical data, has significantly increased in the last decade and transformed translational cancer research. Even with the progress made through data-sharing initiatives, there is a clear unmet need for easily accessible analyses tools. These include capabilities to efficiently process large sequencing database projects to present them in a straightforward and accurate way. Another urgent challenge in cancer research is to identify more effective combination therapies. Methods We have created a software architecture that allows the user to integrate and analyze large-scale sequencing, clinical, and other datasets for efficient prediction of potential combination drug targets. This architecture permits predictions for all genes pairs; however, Food and Drug Administration-approved agents are currently lacking for most of the identified gene targets. Results By applying this approach, we performed a comprehensive study and analyzed all possible combination partners and identified potentially synergistic target pairs for 38 approved targets currently in clinical use. We further showed which genes could be synergistic prediction markers and potential targets with MAPK/ERK inhibitors for the treatment of melanoma. Moreover, we integrated a graph analytics technique in this architecture to identify pathways that could be targeted synergistically to enhance the efficacy of certain therapeutics in cancer. Conclusion The architecture and the results presented provide a foundation for discovering effective combination therapeutics.
Variability of Late-Night Salivary Cortisol in Cushing Disease: A Prospective Study
Authors: Sandouk Zahrae , Johnston Philip , Bunch Dustin , Wang Sihe , Bena James , Hamrahian Amir , Kennedy Laurence 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Background
The frequency of variable hormonogenesis in patients with Cushing disease (CD) but without cyclical symptoms is unclear.

Aim
To assess the frequency of variable hormonogenesis in patients presenting with CD.

Methods
Over a 6-month period, patients with confirmed or suspected CD provided late-night salivary samples for up to 42 consecutive nights.

Results
Of 19 patients confirmed to have CD, 16 provided at least 7 consecutive salivary samples, and 13 provided at least 21; these 16 patients are the subjects of this report. Twelve patients had at least three peak and two trough levels of late-night salivary cortisol (LNSC) but in only two patients were strict criteria for cyclical hormonogenesis fulfilled; variation was assessed as random in the others. Eight patients had de novo CD, and eight had recurrent/persistent disease. All patients with recurrent/persistent CD had two or more normal results, and in four of these patients, &gt;50% of LNSC were normal. In six patients with de novo disease with at least one normal LNSC level, the maximum levels ranged from 1.55 to 15.5 times the upper limit of normal.

Conclusions
Extreme fluctuations of cortisol production, measured by sequential LNSC, are common in CD. In newly diagnosed disease, this may only occasionally impair diagnostic ability, whereas in most patients with recurrent/persistent disease after pituitary surgery, LNSC is frequently within the reference range, with potential to cause diagnostic problems.
Myocardial Protection by Glucose–Insulin–Potassium in Moderate- to High-Risk Patients Undergoing Elective On-Pump Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ellenberger Christoph , Sologashvili Tornike , Kreienbühl Lukas , Cikirikcioglu Mustafa , Diaper John , Licker Marc 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND:
Low cardiac output syndrome is a main cause of death after cardiac surgery. We sought to assess the impact of glucose–insulin–potassium (GIK) to enhance myocardial protection in moderate- to high-risk patients undergoing on-pump heart surgery.

METHODS:
A randomized controlled trial was performed in adult patients (Bernstein–Parsonnet score >7) scheduled for elective aortic valve replacement and/or coronary artery bypass surgery. Patients were randomized to GIK (20 IU of insulin, 10 mEq of potassium chloride in 50 mL of glucose 40%) or saline infusion given over 60 minutes on anesthetic induction. The primary end point was postcardiotomy ventricular dysfunction (PCVD), defined as new/worsening left ventricular dysfunction requiring inotropic support (≥120 minutes). Secondary end points were the intraoperative changes in left ventricular function as assessed by transoesophageal echocardiography, postoperative troponin levels, cardiovascular and respiratory complications, and intensive care unit and hospital length of stay.

RESULTS:
From 224 randomized patients, 222 were analyzed (112 and 110 in the placebo and GIK groups, respectively). GIK pretreatment was associated with a reduced occurrence of PCVD (risk ratio [RR], 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25–0.66). In GIK-treated patients, the left systolic ventricular function was better preserved after weaning from bypass, plasma troponin levels were lower on the first postoperative day (2.9 ng·mL−1 [interquartile range {IQR}, 1.5–6.6] vs 4.3 ng·mL−1 [IQR, 2.4–8.2]), and cardiovascular (RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50–0.89) and respiratory complications (RR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.38–0.74) were reduced, along with a shorter length of stay in intensive care unit (3 days [IQR, 2–4] vs 3.5 days [IQR, 2–7]) and in hospital (14 days [IQR, 11–18.5] vs 16 days [IQR, 12.5–23.5]), compared with placebo-treated patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
GIK pretreatment was shown to attenuate PCVD and to improve clinical outcome in moderate- to high-risk patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery.
Mechanisms of erythrocyte development and regeneration: implications for regenerative medicine and beyond
Authors: Bresnick Emery H. , Hewitt Kyle J. , Mehta Charu , Keles Sunduz , Paulson Robert F. , Johnson Kirby D. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Hemoglobin-expressing erythrocytes (red blood cells) act as fundamental metabolic regulators by providing oxygen to cells and tissues throughout the body. Whereas the vital requirement for oxygen to support metabolically active cells and tissues is well established, almost nothing is known regarding how erythrocyte development and function impact regeneration. Furthermore, many questions remain unanswered relating to how insults to hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and erythrocytes can trigger a massive regenerative process termed ‘stress erythropoiesis’ to produce billions of erythrocytes. Here, we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing erythrocyte development and regeneration, and discuss the potential links between these events and other regenerative processes.
Multiple Sclerosis and Exercise: A Literature Review
Authors: Reynolds Eric R. , Ashbaugh Andrew D. , Hockenberry Brandon J. , McGrew Christopher A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disabling neurological conditions of young adults and affects more than 2.3 million people worldwide. Given the high likelihood for disability and decreased neurological function, there have been concerns about the role of exercise in MS patients with a fear of increased injury. This article looks at recent articles evaluating the role of exercise in MS and can hopefully be used by patients, caregivers, and health care providers to guide decision making about the role of exercise in patients with MS.
Genitourinary involvement of lymphomas on FDG-PET
Authors: Naik Nikita , Lin Michael , Lin Peter 
Published: January 2018

Primary extranodal lymphomatous involvement of the genitourinary tract is rare and secondary extranodal involvement in disseminated disease occurs more frequently. Imaging of metabolic activity with 2-(fluorine-18) fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) used in PET facilitates the identification of these extranodal sites of disease, particularly in the absence of structural lesions on conventional imaging modalities. Primary extranodal lymphoma affecting the genitourinary system is often caused by high-grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) with the most common subtype being diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Although rare, the incidence of extranodal lymphoproliferative disease is increasing and a delay in diagnosis holds a poor prognosis. Familiarity with benign and physiological causes of FDG uptake, particularly due to the urinary tracer excretion is crucial in identifying sites of lymphomatous involvement in the genitourinary system. Additionally, non-lymphomatous malignancies are usually treated surgically, whereas lymphoma is primarily treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Therefore, accurate identification and staging together with histological confirmation significantly impacts management of these patients. This article serves to review and illustrate the imaging findings on FDG-PET/CT of primary extranodal lymphoma affecting the genitourinary system.