bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Archives as Resisting Displacement
Authors: Giraud Eva Haifa , Wright Thomas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Amid wider concern about the emergence of vast data archives that document and instrumentalize everyday user activities for the purpose of marketing, research, and governance, this article turns to a series of creative and activist initiatives that preserve heterodox internet histories. Though a focus on three case studies—artistic engagements with GeoCities, traces left by Indymedia in contemporary activism, and emerging ethical frameworks for reusing social media data—the article examines the political and ethical significance of attempts to archive specific instances of participatory online cultures before these cultures disappear. Drawing from and advancing Jodi Dean's conception of displaced mediators, or entities that set in motion the forces that ultimately displace them, the article argues that the significance of these digital archives is in their capacity to resist linear, commercial logics of displacement that attempt to narrow user agency. Instead, the article argues, creative and activist engagements with digital archives generate questions about whether the infrastructures that govern everyday online interactions could be otherwise, through showing how they formerly have been otherwise.
Unfamiliar Archives
Authors: Drummond Molly , Oliver Catherine , Palmer Jack , Giraud Eva Haifa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article documents the roundtable “Unfamiliar Archives,” which took place as part of a two-day event to mark twenty years of Cultural Politics. Drawing from a range of “archives in the making” related to activists, artists, social theorists, and digital media practices, the participants reflect on the political, ethical, and epistemological provocations offered by their specific archival encounters. In particular, the participants reflect on the way their experiences of negotiating archives were inflected by their own initial unfamiliarity with the norms and protocols of archival research. To conceptualize these experiences, the participants orient their discussion around three terms that, they suggest, are generative for evoking the cultural politics of contemporary archives: estrangement, secrets, and loss.
What Large Language Models Know
Authors: Alvarado Rafael C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The strengths and weaknesses of generative applications built on large language models are by now well-known. They excel at the production of discourse in a variety of genres and styles, from poetry to programs, as well as the combination of these into novel forms. They perform well at high-level question answering, dialogue, and reasoning tasks, suggesting the possession of general intelligence. However, they frequently produce formally correct but factually or logically wrong statements. This essay argues that such failures—so-called hallucinations—are not accidental glitches but are instead a by-product of the design of the transformer architecture on which large language models are built, given its foundation on the distributional hypothesis, a nonreferential approach to meaning. Even when outputs are correct, they do not meet the basic epistemic criterion of justified true belief, suggesting the need to revisit the long neglected relationship between language and reference.
A Sociolinguist's Look at the “Language” in Large Language Models
Authors: Schneider Britta 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Large language models (LLMs) work by training text-generating systems through the use of digitized corpora that make natural language available in datafied form for natural language processing. LLMs are rooted in these culture-specific, socio-historically conditioned understandings of language, inaugurated during the imperial age of national print cultures and further consolidated by computing culture itself. However, understanding languages as digital data sets whose patterns can be probabilistically reproduced is a simplistic reduction of an already reified linguistic epistemology. This article discusses the sociolinguistic implications of LLM design and implementation.
The Ethics of (Generative) AI
Authors: Kempt Hendrik , Heilinger Jan-Christoph 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The clamor for AI-based applications involving generative models for text and images has fueled wild speculation about the risks and opportunities for society and humanity at large. The potential “existential” threat as a precursor to artificial general intelligence has provoked wide-ranging debates in the public, politics, and the corporate world involving technologists and ethicists from a range of academic disciplines. This thinkpiece proposes a metaperspective to reflect critically and constructively upon the current state of the field of AI ethics, arguing that scholars working in the domain of ethics should focalize conceptual, substantive, and procedural issues as integral elements of an ethical assessment of given technologies and their applications. It suggests that the ethics of generative AI is conceptually still underexplored and overly propagating technological fixes to problems of all kinds (technosolutionism). Procedurally, it needs to be clarified who can, who ought to, and who ultimately will be considered and heard as an expert on AI ethics, a question of relevance for the trust in, and reliance on, AI.
The Fumes of AI
Authors: Hogan Mél 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
With the emergence of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), it is increasingly clear that the environmental impacts of these technologies are significant, and worth exposing to the public. This article discusses the environmental impacts of generative artificial intelligence and the political underpinnings of extractivist technologies such as cloud companies. It highlights the centralized system of power that demands subservience to its foundational values despite being touted as the most environmentally friendly cloud infrastructure globally.
Cranio-Orbital Approach and Decompression of the Optic Nerves: A 2-Stage, 4-by-4-Step Approach to Improve Vision in Sellar and Parasellar Lesions
Authors: Lasica Nebojsa , Parikh Kara A. , Arnautović Kenan I. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Despite advances in cranial base techniques, surgery of the sellar and parasellar regions remains challenging because of complex neurovascular relationships. Lesions within this region frequently present with progressive visual deterioration caused by distortion and compression of the optic chiasm and nerves. In addition to the direct mass effect from mechanical forces acting on the optic apparatus, these lesions alter blood supply and reduce vascular perfusion, prompting surgical treatment to remove the lesion, alleviate compression, and improve blood flow to the optic nerve. We sought to describe a 2-stage, 4-by-4-step approach, broken down and described as a “four-by-four” technique for optic apparatus decompression and a wide approach to different sellar and parasellar lesions.

METHODS:
We describe the operative nuances and key anatomic points in the microsurgical removal of sellar and parasellar lesions. The technique is illustrated with examples of different cases with pre- and follow-up MRI imaging and a brief overview of visual outcomes.

RESULTS:
The described technique has been demonstrated in various lesions in 5 patients. Patients presented with bilateral visual loss in 4 (80.0%) cases and with unilateral visual loss in 1 (20.0%) case. Improvement in visual function was noted in all cases, confirmed with visual acuity and visual field testing.

DISCUSSION:
The transcranial approach (“from above”) remains an important surgical option for patients with excellent exposure and visualization of the sellar and parasellar regions. It permits early access to the optic canal for careful microsurgical decompression and relaxation of the optic nerve to preserve and improve its microvascularization and ultimately vision.

CONCLUSION:
The authors augmented the 2-stage, 4-by-4-step technique of decompression with elaborate illustrations of diverse sellar and parasellar lesions to demonstrate the versatility of this approach.
The Xerias Window near Argos (Peloponnesus) - an example of a regional geological structure of interregional importance
Authors: Kunz Erwin 
Published: September 2024

The Argolic-Arcadian border range is built up by rocks of the Tripolitza and the Pindos Zones. Its tectonic architecture is deeply exposed in the area of the Xerias Window. Key structures are worked out in this article. The nappe-shaped superposition of the Tripolitza Zone by the Pindos Zone is obvious in the frame of the Xerias Window. The vergence of the key structures of the latter varies everywhere between W and SW, which proves a relative transport of the Pindos Zone as a whole in that direction. After finishing the nappe transport both Pindos and Tripolitza Zone experienced further, collective deformations, which are brought in a probable chronological order.
Round about since Upper Miocene, the compressive stress of the Hellenides was followed by young extensional tectonics, which continues until today. Its influence on the development of the window and on the forming of its frame is described. The most important faults that can be related to the spreading tectonics are called within this investigation as Xerias Faults. Finally, the impacts of the strong regressive erosion, of the numerous landslides, and of the widespread slope waste both on exposing and on covering the tectonic elements are regarded.
FOREST FOOD RESOURCES IN THE SAKHA REPUBLIC (YAKUTIA)
Authors: Isaev Alexandr P. , Gavrilyeva Tuyara N. , Mikhaleva Ludmila G. , Chikidov Ivan I. 
Published: September 2024

According to the “Ecosystem Services of Russia” Prototype of National Report (2016), data on terrestrial ecosystem resources in Russia are fragmented. The purpose of this work is to fill the existing gaps in the knowledge of the biodiversity of plant species and the sustainability of traditional food systems across the economic zones of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).
Materials and methods. Although the range of edible plants in Yakutia counts more than 100 species, only nine species of berries, eight species of mushrooms, and three species of other food plants were classified as resource-significant based on the consolidated archive materials of the IBPC at FRC YaSC SB RAS and the results of the field studies carried out in 2002-2019. This list of twenty species was tested via a socio-economic survey undertaken as part of the RISE project in 2021-2023. The study was conducted with the permission of the local biomedical ethics committee of the Medical Institute of the North-Eastern Federal University. Each participant signed an informed consent form to be surveyed, according to the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki, which regulates the research involving human subjects. The study embraced 400 rural households.
Results. The data on biological stocks of resource-significant food species of Yakutia’s forests were presented based on the consolidated archive materials and results of the field studies undertaken by the IBPC at FRC YaSC SB RAS. Coupled research methods of natural and social sciences were used to produce the estimates of the economic reserves of berries and mushrooms across economic zones of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and the volumes of their harvesting by rural households and the population of the region in general.
Conclusion. Social methods have proven reliable for studying biodiversity in a large-sized region. They allow to fill the gaps in the databases built on the results of field studies, particularly in terms of popularity and, accordingly, the prevalence of certain food species. The higher productivity and diversity of flora in Southern Yakutia were confirmed compared to the Arctic and other economic zones.
Funding. The reported study was performed under the e-Asia Climate Call and funded by RFBR, project number 21-55-70104, and project VI.52.1.8. “Theoretical and applied aspects of investigation the diversity of the vegetation of Northern and Central Yakutia (East Siberia)” 0376-2016-0001; registration number АААА-А17-117020110056-0.
Impact of Nutrition and Exercise on Kidney Health: How to Prevent Kidney Stones?
Authors: Łojewska Julia Natalia , Rosińska Kamila , Bochenek Oliwia , Koper Mateusz , Janicka Ewelina Justyna , Perko Agnieszka , Rosiński Mateusz , Niedźwiedzka Monika 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionKidney stone disease, characterized by the formation of calculi in the kidneys, is becoming an increasingly common urinary tract disorder in developed countries. Although kidney stone disease may be caused by metabolic disorders, anatomical, functional, and genetic factors, diet plays a crucial role in its formation. Changing dietary habits has become a primary tool in the treatment and prevention of kidney stone disease.
ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to present research on the impact of diet and its individual components on the risk of kidney stone formation. Special attention is given to the role of vitamins, minerals, and dietary habits in the pathogenesis and prevention of this condition.
Materials and MethodsThe study involves a review of the scientific literature, considering research published in reputable medical and scientific journals regarding the impact of diet on the risk of kidney stones, focusing on key dietary components such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, vitamins C and D, as well as the role of physical activity and proper hydration.
ConclusionsA balanced diet, proper hydration and maintaining a healthy body weight are fundamental elements in preventing of kidney stone disease. Adequate hydration is crucial; high fluid intake, especially water, dilutes urine and reduces the concentration of lithogenic substances.Calcium and magnesium intake are particularly important as they influence the absorption and excretion of oxalates, and excessive supplementation with vitamins C and D should be avoided. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and the limitation of animal protein and salt, can significantly reduce the risk of kidney stone formation. Ultimately, dietary changes and lifestyle modifications, including weight control and physical activity, play a crucial role in preventing kidney stone disease. However, further research is needed to develop effective dietary guidelines tailored to the individual needs of patients.
The Clinical Practice Integration of Artificial Intelligence (CPI-AI) framework
Authors: Farrow Luke , Meek Dominic , Leontidis Georgios , Campbell Marion , Harrison Ewen , Anderson Lesley 
Published: September 2024

Despite the vast quantities of published artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that target trauma and orthopaedic applications, very few progress to inform clinical practice. One key reason for this is the lack of a clear pathway from development to deployment. In order to assist with this process, we have developed the Clinical Practice Integration of Artificial Intelligence (CPI-AI) framework – a five-stage approach to the clinical practice adoption of AI in the setting of trauma and orthopaedics, based on the IDEAL principles (https://www.ideal-collaboration.net/). Adherence to the framework would provide a robust evidence-based mechanism for developing trust in AI applications, where the underlying algorithms are unlikely to be fully understood by clinical teams.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(9):507–512.
Prevalence and associations of asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction in Lebanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: El Tawil Elsy hany , Saliby Rita , Halabi Ramy , El Khoury Joey , Assaf Serge , Hamdan Mira , Abou Nader Gilbert , Abou Jaoude Elizabeth 
Published: September 2024

Background
Diabetes Mellitus is a prevalent disease with a growing impact on individuals worldwide. Evaluating the prevalence of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction and understanding its associations with microvascular complications, uncontrolled glycemia, diabetes duration, and patient age is crucial. Our aim is to determine the utility of screening for this condition.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 159 asymptomatic individuals with type 2 diabetes. Bivariate analysis was employed to assess potential factors and their associations with subclinical left ventricular dysfunction. Patients with a history of cardiac disease or interventions were excluded.

Results
The average age of our sample was 61.5 years. Almost half of the patients exhibited an HbA1c exceeding 7% (50.3%), and approximately half had an ejection fraction (EF) of less than 55% (50.9%). In the bivariate analysis, a notable difference in microvascular diabetic complications was observed among different EF groups. Specifically, nephropathy (62%), neuropathy (57.5%), and retinopathy (74.4%) were significantly more prevalent among patients with an EF < 55%. We also identified a significant age difference between groups, with a higher mean diabetes duration (14.1 ± 7.7 years) in the lower EF group. Notably, 63.7% of patients with an HbA1c exceeding 7% exhibited an EF < 55%. Older patients were associated with a lower EF, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 0.94. An HbA1c of 7% or less was linked to a higher likelihood of an EF > 55%.

Conclusion
We established a correlation between subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction and microvascular complications. However, further extensive prospective research is necessary to deepen our understanding of these associations and their clinical implications.
Irresolution and Other Weaknesses of Soul in Descartes
Authors: Homan Matthew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper contributes to a better understanding of Cartesian irresolution by clarifying its relation to akrasia and wantonness. It argues that irresolution (qua passion) is the same as neither akrasia nor wantonness, but is, like them, a kind of weakness of soul. If akrasia consists in having what Descartes calls ‘firm and decisive judgments’ (F&D judgments) but failing to act on them, and wantonness consists in not having any F&D judgments at all, but acting completely at the behest of the passions, then irresolution can be understood as a state between akrasia and wantonness: the irresolute lacks F&D judgments (like the wanton) but (unlike the wanton) actively strives to attain them.
Rasmussen invariants of Whitehead doubles and other satellites
Authors: Lewark Lukas , Zibrowius Claudius 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We prove formulae for the

F
2

\mathbb{F}_{2}

-Rasmussen invariant of satellite knots of patterns with wrapping number 2, using the multicurve technology for Khovanov and Bar-Natan homology developed by Kotelskiy, Watson, and the second author.
A new concordance homomorphism, which is independent of the Rasmussen invariant, plays a central role in these formulae.
We also explore whether similar formulae hold for the Ozsváth–Szabó invariant 𝜏.
Considerations of Post-Pandemic Life
Authors: Ulmer Jasmine B. , Salvo James M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Although the duration of a pandemic has a limit, it is also a time wherein we comport ourselves toward a world where there is a pandemic. Pandemic time can be a time of panic, during which we may attempt to find solace in the comforting objectivity of the sciences. However much science is necessary, we should remember that science is not the only relevant discourse. Further, adjacent to the particulate matter that spreads airborne contagions, pandemic time can be a time of minuscule identity, the forgetting of our collective being when we are overwhelmed by a concern for personal survival. During a pandemic time, without a collaborative approach to scholarship in general, we can become stuck in pandemic time and isolated as precisely calculating beings that survive only to reproduce iterative knowledge and maintain existing routines.
Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of Al1050/Al2O3/Gr composite processed by forming operation ECAP
Authors: Hassan Alhassan Mohammed , Gattmah Jabbar , Shihab Suha K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Enhancement of microstructure and mechanical features of the hybrid aluminum matrix composite (HAMC) prepared by the stir-casting process (SCP) is quite significant for failure prevention during the service. In this work, the circular rod of hybrid aluminum matrix composite reinforced with particles of alumina (Al2O3) 50 μm, and graphite (Gr) 40–100 µm fabricated by SCP was adopted. This Al1050/Al2O3/Gr composite was subjected to severe plastic deformation using equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) at room temperature to show the impact of this process on the microstructure and mechanical features of the fabricated composite. Grain refinement, strength, and hardness were evaluated at different forming passes (1P, 3P, and 5P) with two channel angles (die angles) of 120° and 135°. The results revealed that the number of ECAP cycles has a significant effect on the refinement of the grain size. The fifth pass of ECAP (5P ECAP) with a die angle of 120° gave more refinement of the grains in the range of 36–75 nm compared to other passes. On the other hand, the strength and hardness relatively augment until 5P ECAP with increasing the cycle number at two die angles of 120° and 135°. The ultrafine grain can reduce the voids of the aluminum matrix then the hardness is enhanced.
Uncovering the coronavirus outbreak: present understanding and future research paths
Authors: Roy Jayati , Banerjee Arnab , Mukherjee Sandip , Maji Bithin K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The review discusses the pathophysiological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2, the modes of transmission, and the long-term health consequences of COVID-19, emphasizing the importance of research and successful public health initiatives.

Content
COVID-19 taxonomy, pathophysiology, symptomatology, and epidemiological importance are the key objects of this research paper. This review explains how COVID-19 affects different systems of the body, including respiratory, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems of the human body. It describes the modes of entry of the virus into the cell; more precisely, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in viral entry. In addition, the present study analyzes the situation of COVID-19 in India regarding vaccine development and the transmission rate related to socioeconomic factors.

Summary
The manifestation of COVID-19 presents a lot of symptoms and post-acute problems, issues which are seriously impacting mental health and physical health as well. The present review summarizes current research into pathogenicity and the mode of virus transmission, together with immunological responses. Coupled with strong vaccination programs, public health initiatives should hold the key to fighting this pandemic.

Outlook
Long-term effects and the development of treatment methods will need further study, as ambiguities on COVID-19 remain. Multidisciplinary collaboration across healthcare sectors in this respect is of paramount importance for the prevention of further spread and protection of public health.