bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Murine models susceptibility to distinctTrypanosoma cruziI genotypes infection
Authors: LEÓN CIELO M. , MONTILLA MARLENY , VANEGAS RICARDO , CASTILLO MARIA , PARRA EDGAR , RAMÍREZ JUAN DAVID 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYChagas disease is a complex zoonosis that affects around 8 million people worldwide. This pathology is caused byTrypanosoma cruzi, a kinetoplastid parasite that shows tremendous genetic diversity evinced in six distinct Discrete Typing Units (TcI-TcVI) including a recent genotype named as TcBat and associated with anthropogenic bats. TcI presents a broad geographical distribution and has been associated with chronic cardiomyopathy. Recent phylogenetic studies suggest the existence of two genotypes (Domestic (TcIDom) and sylvatic TcI) within TcI. The understanding of the course of the infection in different mouse models by these two genotypes is not yet known. Therefore, we infected 126 animals (ICR-CD1, National Institute of Health (NIH) and Balb/c) with two TcIDomstrains and one sylvatic strain for a follow-up period of 60 days. We quantified the parasitaemia, immune response and histopathology observing that the maximum day of parasitaemia was achieved at day 21 post-infection. Domestic strains showed higher parasitaemia than the sylvatic strain in the three mouse models; however in the survival curves Balb/c mice were less susceptible to infection compared with NIH and ICR-CD1. Our results suggest that the genetic background plays a fundamental role in the natural history of the infection and the sympatric TcI genotypes have relevant implications in disease pathogenesis.
Post-market surveillance to detect adverse events associated with Melody® valve implantation
Authors: Hill Kevin D. , Goldstein Bryan H. , Angtuaco Michael J. , Chu Patricia Y. , Fleming Gregory A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe previously unrecognised or under-recognised adverse events associated with Melody® valve implantation.BackgroundIn rare diseases and conditions, it is typically not feasible to conduct large-scale safety trials before drug or device approval. Therefore, post-market surveillance mechanisms are necessary to detect rare but potentially serious adverse events.MethodsWe reviewed the United States Food and Drug Administration’s Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database and conducted a structured literature review to evaluate adverse events associated with on- and off-label Melody® valve implantation. Adverse events were compared with those described in the prospective Investigational Device Exemption and Post-Market Approval Melody® transcatheter pulmonary valve trials.ResultsWe identified 631 adverse events associated with “on-label” Melody® valve implants and 84 adverse events associated with “off-label” implants. The most frequent “on-label” adverse events were similar to those described in the prospective trials including stent fracture (n=210) and endocarditis (n=104). Previously unrecognised or under-recognised adverse events included stent fragment embolisation (n=5), device erosion (n=4), immediate post-implant severe valvar insufficiency (n=2), and late coronary compression (n=2 cases at 5 days and 3 months after implantation). Under-recognised adverse events associated with off-label implantation included early valve failure due to insufficiency when implanted in the tricuspid position (n=7) and embolisation with percutaneous implantation in the mitral position (n=5).ConclusionPost-market passive surveillance does not demonstrate a high frequency of previously unrecognised serious adverse events with “on-label” Melody® valve implantation. Further study is needed to evaluate safety of “off-label” uses.
LITTLEWOOD–PALEY CHARACTERIZATION OF WEIGHTED HARDY SPACES ASSOCIATED WITH OPERATORS
Authors: HU GUORONG 
Published: November 2016

Let$(X,d,\unicode[STIX]{x1D707})$be a metric measure space endowed with a distance$d$and a nonnegative, Borel, doubling measure$\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$. Let$L$be a nonnegative self-adjoint operator on$L^{2}(X)$. Assume that the (heat) kernel associated to the semigroup$e^{-tL}$satisfies a Gaussian upper bound. In this paper, we prove that for any$p\in (0,\infty )$and$w\in A_{\infty }$, the weighted Hardy space$H_{L,S,w}^{p}(X)$associated with$L$in terms of the Lusin (area) function and the weighted Hardy space$H_{L,G,w}^{p}(X)$associated with$L$in terms of the Littlewood–Paley function coincide and their norms are equivalent. This improves a recent result of Duonget al.[‘A Littlewood–Paley type decomposition and weighted Hardy spaces associated with operators’,J. Geom. Anal.26(2016), 1617–1646], who proved that$H_{L,S,w}^{p}(X)=H_{L,G,w}^{p}(X)$for$p\in (0,1]$and$w\in A_{\infty }$by imposing an extra assumption of a Moser-type boundedness condition on$L$. Our result is new even in the unweighted setting, that is, when$w\equiv 1$.
Pastors for Pinochet: Authoritarian Stereotypes and Voting for Evangelicals in Chile
Authors: Boas Taylor C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHow does a candidate’s religion affect voting behavior in societies without politically salient interdenominational cleavages? Communicating one’s faith should win votes among fellow believers, but in the absence of intergroup competition, it should not directly affect the vote of out-group members. Yet a candidate’s religion can also influence out-group voting behavior via stereotypes that are politically salient. This article uses a survey experiment, conducted prior to Chile’s 2013 election, to examine how priming evangelicals’ historical support for the government of General Augusto Pinochet affects vote intention for an evangelical candidate for Congress. Identifying a candidate as evangelical boosts vote intention among evangelical respondents but does not directly affect members of the out-group. Among right-wing non-evangelicals, the Pinochet prime increases vote intention for an evangelical candidate, but it has no effect for center-left voters. These results suggest that pinochetismo remains salient for a new generation of right-wing voters in Chile.
Rapid construction of a whole-genome transposon insertion collection for Shewanella oneidensis by Knockout Sudoku
Authors: Baym Michael , Shaket Lev , Anzai Isao A. , Adesina Oluwakemi , Barstow Buz 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWhole-genome knockout collections are invaluable for connecting gene sequence to function, yet traditionally, their construction has required an extraordinary technical effort. Here we report a method for the construction and purification of a curated whole-genome collection of single-gene transposon disruption mutants termed Knockout Sudoku. Using simple combinatorial pooling, a highly oversampled collection of mutants is condensed into a next-generation sequencing library in a single day, a 30- to 100-fold improvement over prior methods. The identities of the mutants in the collection are then solved by a probabilistic algorithm that uses internal self-consistency within the sequencing data set, followed by rapid algorithmically guided condensation to a minimal representative set of mutants, validation, and curation. Starting from a progenitor collection of 39,918 mutants, we compile a quality-controlled knockout collection of the electroactive microbeShewanella oneidensisMR-1 containing representatives for 3,667 genes that is functionally validated by high-throughput kinetic measurements of quinone reduction.
Hyperglycaemia inhibits REG3A expression to exacerbate TLR3-mediated skin inflammation in diabetes
Authors: Wu Yelin , Quan Yanchun , Liu Yuanqi , Liu Keiwei , Li Hongquan , Jiang Ziwei , Zhang Tian , Lei Hu , Radek Katherine A. , Li Dongqing , Wang Zhenhua , Lu Jilong , Wang Wang , Ji Shizhao , Xia Zhaofan , Lai Yuping 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDysregulated inflammatory responses are known to impair wound healing in diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we show that the antimicrobial protein REG3A controls TLR3-mediated inflammation after skin injury. This control is mediated by REG3A-induced SHP-1 protein, and acts selectively on TLR3-activated JNK2. In diabetic mouse skin, hyperglycaemia inhibits the expression of IL-17-induced IL-33 via glucose glycation. The decrease in cutaneous IL-33 reduces REG3A expression in epidermal keratinocytes. The reduction in REG3A is associated with lower levels of SHP-1, which normally inhibits TLR3-induced JNK2 phosphorylation, thereby increasing inflammation in skin wounds. To our knowledge, these findings show for the first time that REG3A can modulate specific cutaneous inflammatory responses and that the decrease in cutaneous REG3A exacerbates inflammation in diabetic skin wounds.
Efficacy and Acceptability of Different Auxiliary Drugs in Pediatric Sevoflurane Anesthesia: A Network Meta-analysis of Mixed Treatment Comparisons
Authors: Wang Wuchao , Huang Panchuan , Gao Weiwei , Cao Fangli , Yi Mingling , Chen Liyong , Guo Xiaoli 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEmergence agitation preventive medicine should be combined with pediatric anesthesia because of the high frequency of emergence agitation. However, it is challenging to determine the most appropriate medication that can be introduced into pediatric anesthesia for the sake of emergence agitation prevention. We reviewed and retrieved the data from PubMed and Embase. Various medications were assessed based on several endpoints including Emergence agitation outcomes (EA), postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), the number of patients who required analgesic (RA), pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED), the extubation time, the emergency time and the duration of post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay. Both traditional and network meta-analysis were carried in this study. A total of 45 articles were complied with the selection criteria and the corresponding articles were reviewed. Fentanyl demonstrated the highest cumulative ranking probability which was followed by those of ketamine and dexmedetomidine with respect to EA and PAED. When PONV and RA were concerned together, clonidine exhibited the highest cumulative ranking probability compared to other medications. Our study suggested that dexmedetomidine perhaps is the most appropriate prophylactic treatment which can be introduced into anesthesia for preventing emergence agitation.
Metabolic alterations by indoxyl sulfate in skeletal muscle induce uremic sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Sato Emiko , Mori Takefumi , Mishima Eikan , Suzuki Arisa , Sugawara Sanae , Kurasawa Naho , Saigusa Daisuke , Miura Daisuke , Morikawa-Ichinose Tomomi , Saito Ritsumi , Oba-Yabana Ikuko , Oe Yuji , Kisu Kiyomi , Naganuma Eri , Koizumi Kenji , Mokudai Takayuki , Niwano Yoshimi , Kudo Tai , Suzuki Chitose , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Sato Hiroshi , Abe Takaaki , Niwa Toshimitsu , Ito Sadayoshi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSarcopenia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Pathogenic mechanism of skeletal muscle loss in CKD, which is defined as uremic sarcopenia, remains unclear. We found that causative pathological mechanism of uremic sarcopenia is metabolic alterations by uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate. Imaging mass spectrometry revealed indoxyl sulfate accumulated in muscle tissue of a mouse model of CKD. Comprehensive metabolomics revealed that indoxyl sulfate induces metabolic alterations such as upregulation of glycolysis, including pentose phosphate pathway acceleration as antioxidative stress response, via nuclear factor (erythroid-2-related factor)-2. The altered metabolic flow to excess antioxidative response resulted in downregulation of TCA cycle and its effected mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP shortage in muscle cells. In clinical research, a significant inverse association between plasma indoxyl sulfate and skeletal muscle mass in CKD patients was observed. Our results indicate that indoxyl sulfate is a pathogenic factor for sarcopenia in CKD.
Reduced incidence of interstitial pneumonitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using a modified technique of total body irradiation
Authors: Chiang Yun , Tsai Cheng-Hong , Kuo Sung-Hsin , Liu Chieh-Yu , Yao Ming , Li Chi-Cheng , Huang Shang-Yi , Ko Bor-Sheng , Lin Chien-Ting , Hou Hsin-An , Chou Wen-Chien , Liu Jia-Hau , Lin Chien-Chin , Wu Shang-Ju , Hsu Szu-Chun , Chen Yao-Chang , Lin Kai-Hsin , Lin Dong-Tsamn , Chou Hsien-Tang , Lu Meng-Yu , Yang Yung-Li , Chang Hsiu-Hao , Liu Ming-Chih , Liao Xiu-Wen , Wu Jian-Kuen , Chou Sheng-Chieh , Cheng Chieh-Lung , Chen Chien-Yuan , Tsay Woei , Tien Hwei-Fang , Tang Jih-Luh , Chen Yu-Hsuan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a curative-intent treatment for patients with high-risk hematologic diseases. However, interstitial pneumonitis (IP) and other toxicities remain major concerns after total body irradiation (TBI). We have proposed using linear accelerators with rice-bag compensators for intensity modulation (IM-TBI), as an alternative to the traditional cobalt-60 teletherapy with lung-shielding technique (Co-TBI). Patients who received a TBI-based myeloablative conditioning regimen between 1995 and 2014 were recruited consecutively. Before March 2007, TBI was delivered using Co-TBI (n = 181); afterward, TBI was administered using IM-TBI (n = 126). Forty-four patients developed IP; of these cases, 19 were idiopathic. The IP-related mortality rate was 50% in the total IP cohort and 63% in the idiopathic subgroup. The 1-year cumulative incidences of IP and idiopathic IP were 16.5% and 7.4%, respectively; both rates were significantly higher in the Co-TBI group than in the IM-TBI group. Multivariate analysis revealed that Co-TBI was an independent prognostic factor for both total and idiopathic IP. In the acute myeloid leukemia subgroup, patients with different TBI techniques had similar outcomes for both overall and relapse-free survival. In conclusion, IM-TBI is an easy and effective TBI technique that could substantially reduce the complication rate of IP without compromising treatment efficacy.
The ubiquitin hybrid gene UBA52 regulates ubiquitination of ribosome and sustains embryonic development
Authors: Kobayashi Masanori , Oshima Shigeru , Maeyashiki Chiaki , Nibe Yoichi , Otsubo Kana , Matsuzawa Yu , Nemoto Yasuhiro , Nagaishi Takashi , Okamoto Ryuichi , Tsuchiya Kiichiro , Nakamura Tetsuya , Watanabe Mamoru 
Published: November 2016

AbstractUbiquitination is a crucial post-translational modification; however, the functions of ubiquitin-coding genes remain unclear. UBA52 encodes a fusion protein comprising ubiquitin at the N-terminus and ribosomal protein L40 (RPL40) at the C-terminus. Here we showed that Uba52-deficient mice die during embryogenesis. UBA52-deficient cells exhibited normal levels of total ubiquitin. However, UBA52-deficient cells displayed decreased protein synthesis and cell-cycle arrest. The overexpression of UBA52 ameliorated the cell-cycle arrest caused by UBA52 deficiency. Surprisingly, RPL40 expression itself is insufficient to regulate cyclin D expression. The cleavage of RPL40 from UBA52 was required for maintaining protein synthesis. Furthermore, we found that RPL40 formed a ribosomal complex with ubiquitin cleaved from UBA52. UBA52 supplies RPL40 and ubiquitin simultaneously to the ribosome. Our study demonstrated that the ubiquitin-coding gene UBA52 is not just an ubiquitin supplier to the ubiquitin pool but is also a regulator of the ribosomal protein complex. These findings provide novel insights into the regulation of ubiquitin-dependent translation and embryonic development.
Artificial Blood for Dogs
Authors: Yamada Kana , Yokomaku Kyoko , Kureishi Moeka , Akiyama Motofusa , Kihira Kiyohito , Komatsu Teruyuki 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThere is no blood bank for pet animals. Consequently, veterinarians themselves must obtain “blood” for transfusion therapy. Among the blood components, serum albumin and red blood cells (RBCs) are particularly important to save lives. This paper reports the synthesis, structure, and properties of artificial blood for the exclusive use of dogs. First, recombinant canine serum albumin (rCSA) was produced using genetic engineering withPichiayeast. The proteins showed identical features to those of the native CSA derived from canine plasma. Furthermore, we ascertained the crystal structure of rCSA at 3.2 Å resolution. Pure rCSA can be used widely for numerous clinical and pharmaceutical applications. Second, hemoglobin wrapped covalently with rCSA, hemoglobin–albumin cluster (Hb-rCSA3), was synthesized as an artificial O2-carrier for the RBC substitute. This cluster possesses satisfactorily negative surface net charge (pI = 4.7), which supports enfolding of the Hb core by rCSA shells. The anti-CSA antibody recognized the rCSA exterior quantitatively. The O2-binding affinity was high (P50 = 9 Torr) compared to that of the native Hb. The Hb-rCSA3cluster is anticipated for use as an alternative material for RBC transfusion, and as an O2therapeutic reagent that can be exploited in various veterinary medicine situations.
Production of ricinoleic acid-containing monoestolide triacylglycerides in an oleaginous diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis
Authors: Kajikawa Masataka , Abe Tatsuki , Ifuku Kentaro , Furutani Ken-ichi , Yan Dongyi , Okuda Tomoyo , Ando Akinori , Kishino Shigenobu , Ogawa Jun , Fukuzawa Hideya 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRicinoleic acid (RA), a hydroxyl fatty acid, is suitable for medical and industrial uses and is produced in high-oil-accumulating organisms such as castor bean and the ergot fungus Claviceps. We report here the efficient production of RA in a transgenic diatom Chaetoceros gracilis expressing the fatty acid hydroxylase gene (CpFAH) from Claviceps purpurea. In transgenic C. gracilis, RA content increased at low temperatures, reaching 2.2 pg/cell when cultured for 7 d at 15 °C, without affecting cell growth, and was enhanced (3.3 pg/cell) by the co-expression of a palmitic acid-specific elongase gene. Most of the accumulated RA was linked with monoestolide triacylglycerol (ME TAG), in which one RA molecule was esterified to the α position of the glycerol backbone and was further esterified at its hydroxy group with a fatty acid or second RA moiety, or 1-OH TAG, in which RA was esterified to the glycerol backbone. Overall, 80% of RA was accumulated as ME TAGs. Furthermore, exogenous RA-methyl ester suppressed the growth of wild-type diatoms in a dose-dependent manner and was rapidly converted to ME TAG. These results suggest that C. gracilis masks the hydroxyl group and accumulates RA as the less-toxic ME TAG.
New structural insight of C-terminal region of Syntenin-1, enhancing the molecular dimerization and inhibitory function related on Syndecan-4 signaling
Authors: Choi Youngsil , Yun Ji-Hye , Yoo Jiho , Lee Inhwan , Kim Heeyoun , Son Hye-Nam , Kim In-San , Yoon Ho Sup , Zimmermann Pascale , Couchman John R. , Cho Hyun-Soo , Oh Eok-Soo , Lee Weontae 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe PDZ domain-containing scaffold protein, syntenin-1, binds to the transmembrane proteoglycan, syndecan-4, but the molecular mechanism/function of this interaction are unknown. Crystal structure analysis of syntenin-1/syndecan-4 cytoplasmic domains revealed that syntenin-1 forms a symmetrical pair of dimers anchored by a syndecan-4 dimer. The syndecan-4 cytoplasmic domain is a compact intertwined dimer with a symmetrical clamp shape and two antiparallel strands forming a cavity within the dimeric twist. The PDZ2 domain of syntenin-1 forms a direct antiparallel interaction with the syndecan-4 cytoplasmic domain, inhibiting the functions of syndecan-4 such as focal adhesion formation. Moreover, C-terminal region of syntenin-1 reveals an essential role for enhancing the molecular homodimerization. Mutation of key syntenin-1 residues involved in the syndecan-4 interaction or homodimer formation abolishes the inhibitory function of syntenin-1, as does deletion of the homodimerization-related syntenin-1 C-terminal domain. Syntenin-1, but not dimer-formation-incompetent mutants, rescued the syndecan-4-mediated inhibition of migration and pulmonary metastasis by B16F10 cells. Therefore, we conclude that syntenin-1 negatively regulates syndecan-4 function via oligomerization and/or syndecan-4 interaction, impacting cytoskeletal organization and cell migration.
VEGF released by deferoxamine preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells seeded on collagen-GAG substrates enhances neovascularization
Authors: Wahl Elizabeth A. , Schenck Thilo L. , Machens Hans-Günther , Balmayor Elizabeth R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHypoxia preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to promote wound healing through HIF-1α stabilization. Preconditioned MSCs can be applied to three-dimensional biomaterials to further enhance the regenerative properties. While environmentally induced hypoxia has proven difficult in clinical settings, this study compares the wound healing capabilities of adipose derived (Ad) MSCs seeded on a collagen-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) dermal substrate exposed to either environmental hypoxia or FDA approved deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) to stabilize HIF-1α for wound healing. The release of hypoxia related reparative factors by the cells on the collagen-GAG substrate was evaluated to detect if DFO produces results comparable to environmentally induced hypoxia to facilitate optimal clinical settings. VEGF release increased in samples exposed to DFO. While the SDF-1α release was lower in cells exposed to environmental hypoxia in comparison to cells cultured in DFO in vitro. The AdMSC seeded biomaterial was further evaluated in a murine model. The implants where harvested after 1 days for histological, inflammatory, and protein analysis. The application of DFO to the cells could mimic and enhance the wound healing capabilities of environmentally induced hypoxia through VEGF expression and promises a more viable option in clinical settings that is not merely restricted to the laboratory.
Electronic bonding analyses and mechanical strengths of incompressible tetragonal transition metal dinitrides TMN2 (TM = Ti, Zr, and Hf)
Authors: Zhang Meiguang , Cheng Ke , Yan Haiyan , Wei Qun , Zheng Baobing 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMotivated by recent successful synthesis of transition metal dinitride TiN2, the electronic structure and mechanical properties of the discovered TiN2 and other two family members (ZrN2 and HfN2) have been thus fully investigated by using first-principles calculations to explore the possibilities and provide guidance for future experimental efforts. The incompressible nature of these tetragonal TMN2 (TM = Ti, Zr, and Hf) compounds has been demonstrated by the calculated elastic moduli, originating from the strong N-N covalent bonds that connect the TMN8 units. However, as compared with traditional fcc transition metal mononitride (TMN), the TMN2 possess a larger elastic anisotropy may impose certain limitations on possible applications. Further mechanical strength calculations show that tetragonal TMN2 exhibits a strong resistance against (100)[010] shear deformation prevents the indenter from making a deep imprint, whereas the peak stress values (below 12 GPa) of TMN2 along "Equation missing"shear directions are much lower than those of TMN, showing their lower shear resistances than these known hard wear-resistant materials. The shear deformation of TMN2 at the atomic level during shear deformation can be attributed to the collapse of TMN8 units with breaking of TM-N bonds through the bonding evolution and electronic localization analyses.