bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unklarer Zusammenhang zwischen Plattfuß und Kniebeschwerden
bzw. Knieverletzungen
Authors: Schomacher Jochen , Eckl Kristina 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie beim Plattfuß auftretende Valgusbewegung des Rückfußes kann zu vermehrtem
mechanischen Stress im Knie führen. Die möglichen Auswirkungen sind in der
Literatur unklar beschrieben.Diese Arbeit suchte anhand einer systematischen Literaturanalyse nach
Zusammenhängen zwischen dem Plattfuß und Funktionsstörungen im Kniegelenk. 9
Studien zeigten einen Zusammenhang zwischen Funktionsstörungen bzw.
degenerativen Veränderungen am Kniegelenk und einem Pes planus auf, 7 Studien
fanden keinen solchen Zusammenhang. Die methodische Qualität der Studien reichte
nach dem Strobe-Instrument von 37,50–68,75 %, ihr Evidenzlevel lag bei 3. Eine
Metaanalyse konnte aufgrund der Unterschiede zwischen den Studien nicht
durchgeführt werden.Die teils widersprüchlichen Ergebnisse könnten darauf hinweisen, dass der
Plattfuß nicht zwingend zu Kniebeschwerden bzw. -verletzungen führt, sondern
einer von vielen (Risiko-)Faktoren für solche Veränderungen ist. Insgesamt ergab
sich in den 16 gefundenen Beobachtungsstudien kein klarer Zusammenhang zwischen
dem Plattfuß und Beschwerden bzw. Verletzungen am Kniegelenk.
De novo peptide sequencing by deep learning
Authors: Tran Ngoc Hieu , Zhang Xianglilan , Xin Lei , Shan Baozhen , Li Ming 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Our method, DeepNovo, introduces deep learning to de novo peptide sequencing from tandem MS data, the key technology for protein characterization in proteomics research. DeepNovo achieves major improvement of sequencing accuracy over state of the art methods and subsequently enables complete assembly of protein sequences without assisting databases. Our model is retrainable to adapt to any sources of data and provides a complete end-to-end training and prediction solution, an important feature given the growing massive amount of data. Our study also presents an innovative approach to combine deep learning and dynamic programming to solve optimization problems.
Conceptual framework of the eco-physiological phases of insect diapause development justified by transcriptomic profiling
Authors: Koštál Vladimír , Štětina Tomáš , Poupardin Rodolphe , Korbelová Jaroslava , Bruce Alexander William 
Published: July 2017

SignificanceHere we reassess the conceptual framework of insect diapause as a dynamic succession of endogenously and exogenously driven changes in physiology (“physiogenesis”) by assaying the gradual dynamics in the transcriptome as insects traverse the diapause developmental program. We show the objectivity and eco-physiological relevance of the different phases of diapause development by describing unique transcriptional profiles in each phase. Accordingly, the concept should serve future researchers as a general platform for the unification of timing scales and the interpretation of various “-omics” data obtained in diverse insect species encountering different ecological situations. We argue such standardized phasing of diapause development is critical for further molecular dissection of the mechanistic basis of insect diapause.
Alcohol, Marijuana, and Opioid use Disorders: 5-Year Patterns and Characteristics of Emergency Department Encounters
Authors: Bahorik Amber L. , Satre Derek D. , Kline-Simon Andrea H. , Weisner Constance M. , Young-Wolff Kelly C. , Campbell Cynthia I. 
Published: July 2017

Background Changes in substance use patterns stemming from opioid misuse, ongoing drinking problems, and marijuana legalization may result in new populations of patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) using emergency department (ED) resources. This study examined ED admission trends in a large sample of patients with alcohol, marijuana, and opioid use disorders in an integrated health system. Methods In a retrospective design, electronic health record (EHR) data identified patients with ≥1 of 3 common SUDs in 2010 ( n = 17,574; alcohol, marijuana, or opioid use disorder) and patients without SUD ( n = 17,574). Logistic regressions determined odds of ED use between patients with SUD versus controls (2010–2014); mixed-effect models examined 5-year differences in utilization; moderator models identified subsamples for which patients with SUD may have a greater impact on ED resources. Results Odds of ED use were higher at each time point (2010–2014) for patients with alcohol (odds ratio [OR] range: 5.31–2.13, Ps < .001), marijuana (OR range: 5.45–1.97, Ps < .001), and opioid (OR range: 7.63–4.19, Ps < .001) use disorders compared with controls; odds decreased over time ( Ps < .001). Patients with opioid use disorder were at risk of high ED utilization; patients were 7.63 times more likely to have an ED visit in 2010 compared with controls and remained 5.00 (average) times more likely to use ED services. ED use increased at greater rates for patients with alcohol and opioid use disorders with medical comorbidities relative to controls ( Ps < .045). Conclusions ED use is frequent in patients with SUDs who have access to private insurance coverage and integrated medical services. ED settings provide important opportunities in health systems to identify patients with SUDs, particularly patients with opioid use disorder, to initiate treatment and facilitate ongoing care, which may be effective for reducing excess medical emergencies and ED encounters.
A Case of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome with Heliobacter Pylori and Preeclampsia during Pregnancy
Authors: Manning Meurer Madeline , Chakrala Kalyan , Gowda Dinesh , Burns Charles , Kelly Randall , Schlabritz-Loutsevitch Natalia 
Published: July 2017

Background The condition termed cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) was characterized a decade ago by Allen et al. and includes cyclic episodes of nausea and vomiting and the learned behavior of hot bathing in individuals with chronic cannabis abuse. During pregnancy, the differential diagnosis of this syndrome is challenging, since it can be masked by typical symptoms of early pregnancy or by hyperemesis gravidarum, a complication of early pregnancy associated with excessive nausea and vomiting. Case description The authors herein describe the case of a 21-year-old primigravida patient diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum at 6 weeks of gestation and with preeclampsia at 35 weeks. At 30 weeks of gestation, a drug screen was performed that was positive for cannabis; therefore, a diagnosis of CHS was made. After labor induction, the patient delivered an infant who developed normally and had a negative drug test of the umbilical cord blood. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed 9 days post delivery, with biopsies taken of the duodenal, gastric, and esophageal tissues. Moderate chronic gastritis with lymphoid aggregates and slight acute inflammation were noticed, whereas no malignancy, dysplasia, or goblet cell metaplasia was detected. A number of Helicobacter-like organisms were identified by H. pylori immunostaining. Conclusion Presented here is the first case reporting an association of chronic cannabis use with H. pylori colonization and preeclampsia in pregnancy, which brings to light the possible involvement of a cannabinoid-related pathway in the link between pregnancy-specific complications and bacterial colonization.
Age of Initiation, Psychopathology, and other Substance use are associated with time to use Disorder Diagnosis in Persons using Opioids Nonmedically
Authors: Schepis Ty S. , Hakes Jahn K. 
Published: July 2017

Background Nonmedical use of prescription opioids (NMUPO) is an ongoing public health challenge, as NMUPO is associated with psychopathology, other drug use, and fatal overdose. These concomitant risks are greatest in those with opioid use disorder (OUD), but the development of NMUPO-related use disorder is poorly understood. The primary aim of this study was to establish factors associated with the development of and time to OUD among persons engaged in NMUPO. Methods Data were from wave 1 of the National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions, with 1755 participants endorsing lifetime NMUPO. Analyses used sequential design-based logistic regression for DSM-IV ( Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) opioid dependence correlates, followed by Cox regression of proportional hazards for correlates (e.g., sociodemographics, age of NMUPO initiation, and psychopathology) of time to dependence in those who developed DSM-IV dependence. Results Earlier age of NMUPO initiation increased OUD odds (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.94–0.96) but slowed OUD development (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.04–1.06) in those who developed OUD ( n = 118), after controlling for sociodemographics, psychopathology, and ages of other drug use initiation. Psychopathology and earlier other drug use initiation were associated with higher OUD odds, but only having an alcohol use disorder was associated with shorter time to OUD. Conclusions Earlier NMUPO initiation is associated with increased odds of OUD, although those with early initiation had a slower progression to OUD. Programs that prevent early NMUPO initiation, which might lower rates of OUD, and/or identify the later initiators at highest risk for rapid OUD development could have great public health benefits.
Why use Group Visits for Opioid use Disorder Treatment in Primary Care? A Patient-Centered Qualitative Study
Authors: Sokol Randi , Albanese Chiara , Chaponis Deviney , Early Jessica , Maxted George , Morrill Diana , Poirier Grace , Puopolo Fran , Schuman-Olivier Zev 
Published: July 2017

Background Primary care providers are well positioned to respond to the opioid crisis by providing buprenorphine/naloxone (B/N) through shared medical appointments (SMAs). Although quantitative research has been previously conducted on SMAs with B/N, the authors conducted a qualitative assessment from the patients’ point of view, considering whether and how group visits provide value for patients. Methods Twenty-five participants with opioid use disorder (OUD) who were enrolled in a weekly B/N group visit at a family medicine clinic participated in either of two 1-hour-long focus groups, which were conducted as actual group visits. Participants were prompted with the question “How has this group changed you as a person?” Data were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed and analyzed using a qualitative thematic approach, identifying common communication behaviors and resulting attitudes about the value of the group visit model. Results Participants demonstrated several communication behaviors that support group members in their recovery, including offering direct emotional support to others struggling with difficult experiences, making an intentional effort to probe about others’ lives, venting about heavy situations, joking to lighten the mood, and expressing feelings of gratitude to the entire group. These communication behaviors appear to act as mechanisms to foster a sense of accountability, a shared identity, and a supportive community. Other demonstrated group behaviors may detract from the value of the group experience, including side conversations, tangential comments, and individual participants disproportionately dominating group time. Conclusion The group visit format for delivering B/N promotes group-specific communication behaviors that may add unique value in supporting patients in their recovery. Future research should elucidate whether these benefits can be isolated from those achieved solely through medication treatment with B/N and if similar benefits could be achieved in non–primary care sites.
Effects of Drinker Self-Schema on Drinking- and Smoking-Related Information Processing and Behaviors
Authors: Lee Chia-Kuie , Stein Karen F. , Corte Colleen 
Published: July 2017

Background Co-occurrence of drinking and smoking is prevalent in undergraduate students. A drinker self-schema―cognition about the self as the drinker―is a common identity in undergraduates and a well-known predictor of drinking behaviors. Given that smoking commonly occurs in the context of drinking, a drinker self-schema may be a cognitive mechanism to motivate co-occurring alcohol and tobacco use (i.e., cross-substance facilitation hypothesis). This study was to determine whether the drinker self-schema influences the processing of drinking- and smoking-related information and facilitates the co-occurrence of alcohol and tobacco use in undergraduate students who drink and smoke but do not self-identify as smokers. Methods This study was the second phase of a 2-phase study. Of the 330 who completed phase 1 (online survey), 99 completed the phase 2 study. Phase 2 was an in-person session that included a computerized information processing task to measure endorsements and response latencies for drinking- and smoking-related attributes, and a computerized Timeline Followback that was used to measure 90-day alcohol- and tobacco-use behaviors. The 5-item drinker self-schema scale, administered in phase 1, was used to measure the strength of the drinker self-schema. Results A higher drinker self-schema score was associated with more endorsements of positive attributes for drinking and smoking, fewer endorsements of negative attributes for smoking, faster processing of agreements with positive alcohol-use-related attributes, higher levels of drinking and smoking, and more days of co-occurring alcohol and tobacco use. Conclusions Findings provide preliminary evidence to support the cross-substance facilitation hypothesis that the drinker self-schema facilitates the processing of not only drinking-related but also smoking-related stimuli and behaviors. Undergraduates who have higher drinker self-schema scores may be vulnerable to co-occurring alcohol and tobacco use.
Quantitative Testing of Buprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine to Identify Urine Sample Spiking during Office-Based Opioid Treatment
Authors: Suzuki Joji , Zinser Jennifer , Issa Mohammed , Rodriguez Claudia 
Published: July 2017

Background Patients may spike urine samples with buprenorphine during office-based opioid treatment to simulate adherence to prescribed buprenorphine, potentially to conceal diversion of medications. However, routine immunoassay screens do not detect instances of spiking, as these would simply result in a positive result. The aim of this study was to report on the experience of using quantitative urine testing for buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine to facilitate the identification of urine spiking. Methods This is a retrospective chart review of 168 consecutive patients enrolled in outpatient buprenorphine treatment at an urban academic medical setting between May 2013 and August 2014. All urine samples submitted were subjected to quantitative urine toxicology testing for buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine. Norbuprenorphine-to-buprenorphine ratio of less than 0.02 were further examined for possible spiking. Demographic and clinical variables were also extracted from medical records. Clinical and demographic variables of those who did and did not spike their urines were compared. Statistically significant variables from the univariate testing were entered as predictors of spiking in a regression analysis. Results A total of 168 patients were included, submitting a total of 2275 urine samples. Patients provided on average 13.6 (SD = 9.9) samples, and were in treatment for an average 153.1 days (SD = 142.2). In total, 8 samples (0.35%) from 8 patients (4.8%) were deemed to be spiked. All of the samples suspected of spiking contained buprenorphine levels greater than 2000 ng/mL, with a mean norbuprenorphine level of 11.9 ng/mL. Spiked samples were submitted by 6 patients (75.0%) during the intensive outpatient (IOP) phase of treatment, 2 patients (25.0%) during the weekly phase, and none from the monthly phase. Regression analysis indicated that history of intravenous drug use and submission of cocaine-positive urine samples at baseline were significant predictors of urine spiking. Conclusions Even though only a small number of patients were identified to have spiked their urine samples, quantitative testing may help identify urine spiking during office-based opioid treatment with buprenorphine.
A recurrence-based approach for validating structural variation using long-read sequencing technology
Authors: Zhao Xuefang , Weber Alexandra M. , Mills Ryan E. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Although numerous algorithms have been developed to identify structural variations (SVs) in genomic sequences, there is a dearth of approaches that can be used to evaluate their results. This is significant as the accurate identification of structural variation is still an outstanding but important problem in genomics. The emergence of new sequencing technologies that generate longer sequence reads can, in theory, provide direct evidence for all types of SVs regardless of the length of the region through which it spans. However, current efforts to use these data in this manner require the use of large computational resources to assemble these sequences as well as visual inspection of each region. Here we present VaPoR, a highly efficient algorithm that autonomously validates large SV sets using long-read sequencing data. We assessed the performance of VaPoR on SVs in both simulated and real genomes and report a high-fidelity rate for overall accuracy across different levels of sequence depths. We show that VaPoR can interrogate a much larger range of SVs while still matching existing methods in terms of false positive validations and providing additional features considering breakpoint precision and predicted genotype. We further show that VaPoR can run quickly and efficiency without requiring a large processing or assembly pipeline. VaPoR provides a long read–based validation approach for genomic SVs that requires relatively low read depth and computing resources and thus will provide utility with targeted or low-pass sequencing coverage for accurate SV assessment. The VaPoR Software is available at: https://github.com/mills-lab/vapor.
Comparative Effectiveness of Surgical Treatments for Pediatric Hydrocephalus
Authors: Pan I-Wen , Harris Dominic A , Luerssen Thomas G , Lam Sandi K 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Pediatric hydrocephalus represents a high health care burden in the United States (US). Surgery is the mainstay of treatment.

OBJECTIVE
To perform a comparative effectiveness analysis for endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and cerebrospinal fluid shunt placement in pediatric hydrocephalus patients in the US using a large administrative claims database through the application of propensity scores matching.

METHODS
The MarketScan® database (Truven Health Analytics, Atlanta, Georgia) 2003 to 2011 was used. Patients 19 yr or younger at first occurrence of ETV or shunt during the study period were included. The study outcome, surgery failure, was defined as further surgical treatment for hydrocephalus subsequent to initial ETV or shunt procedure. Age, etiology of hydrocephalus, and history of shunt were used to create matched samples for the ETV and shunt cohorts. Kaplan–Meier survival curves, stratified log-rank test, and Cox proportional-hazard models were used to analyze samples.

RESULTS
There were 3231 eligible cases (478 ETV; 2753 shunt). Propensity scores matching produced 455 balanced pairs. For matched samples, 326 of 455 (72%) pairs were concordant, while 129 pairs were discordant in surgery outcomes within 3 mo. Among discordant pairs, ETV patients were more likely to experience surgery failure compared to patients receiving shunt (relative risk = 1.4, P value = .011). Furthermore, patients’ age < 1 yr had lower ETV success rates than those with shunt (P value = .009). No similar pattern was found in patients’ age ≥ 1 yr.

CONCLUSION
There was no significant effect on time to failure between patients undergoing ETV and shunt, except in infants’ age <1 yr.
Pupillometry-guided Intraoperative Remifentanil Administration versus Standard Practice Influences Opioid Use
Authors: Sabourdin Nada , Barrois Jérôme , Louvet Nicolas , Rigouzzo Agnès , Guye Marie-Laurence , Dadure Christophe , Constant Isabelle 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background
Pupillometry has shown promising results for assessing nociception in anesthetized patients. However, its benefits in clinical practice are not demonstrated. The aim of this prospective randomized study was to evaluate the impact of intraoperative pupillometry monitoring on perioperative opioid consumption in major gynecologic surgery.

Methods
After receiving ethics committee approval and written consent of patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists status I to II women undergoing gynecologic surgery were included in this single-blinded, prospective, parallel-arm randomized study. General anesthesia was standardized with propofol–remifentanil target-controlled infusion. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups. In the pupillometry group, remifentanil administration was guided by pupillary diameter changes. In the standard group, remifentanil administration was left to the discretion of the anesthesiologist. The primary outcome was intraoperative remifentanil consumption.

Results
Fifty-five patients were analyzed. Remifentanil consumption was markedly decreased in the pupillometry group (3.8 [3.4 to 4.8 µg · kg–1 · h–1] vs. 7.9 µg · kg–1 · h–1 [6.5 to 9.0 µg · kg–1 · h–1] in the standard group; difference = 4.2 µg · kg–1 · h–1 [95% CI, 3.0 to 5.3 µg · kg–1 · h–1]; P < 0.001). Cumulative 0- to 12-h morphine consumption was reduced in the pupillometry group (two-way repeated measures ANOVA 0.3 ± 0.1 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2 mg/kg; P = 0.048). A telephone survey 3 months after surgery revealed that 15 of 29 patients in the standard group still experienced procedure-related pain versus 3 of 23 in the pupillometry group (chi-square P = 0.037). No adverse events associated with pupillometry were observed during the study.

Conclusions
The use of pupillometry to guide intraoperative analgesia reduced intraoperative remifentanil consumption and postoperative morphine requirements. The possible consequences of decreasing intraoperative remifentanil in terms of chronic pain require further investigation.
Formula Feeding as a Risk Factor for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Is Bisphenol A Exposure a Smoking Gun?
Authors: Adesman Andrew , Soled Derek , Rosen Lisa 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Breastfeeding during infancy is associated with a lower risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although this is presumably due to breast milk's nutritional advantages, formula-fed infants have, until recently, also been exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), a neurotoxic chemical previously used to manufacture baby bottles and formula cans. Our goal was to examine the association between formula feeding and preschool ADHD in 2 comparable, serial cohorts of preschool children who differ in BPA exposure during infancy.

Methods:
Cross-sectional analysis of the 2007 and 2011/12 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Logistic regression was used to model preschool ADHD diagnoses as a function of breastfeeding, adjusting for 12 possible confounding variables using a propensity score.

Results:
In the 2007 data set (weighted n = 9,644,405), formula-fed subjects had a 5-fold increased odds of ADHD compared with breastfed subjects (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.58, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.16–14.41). In the 2011/12 data set (n = 9,732,865), there was no significant association between formula feeding and later ADHD (aOR: 1.05, 95% CI, 0.42–2.64). This is despite an increase in the prevalence of preschool ADHD in 2011 (0.88%) compared with 2007 (0.40%) (Rao-Scott χ2, p < .0075).

Conclusion:
Compared with breastfed infants, ADHD was more common among formula-fed infants in the 2007 but not the 2011/12 sample, where exposure to BPA was markedly reduced. These findings suggest that the reduced prevalence of ADHD among breastfed infants may not be due to the nutritional benefits of breast milk, but rather early exposure to BPA, a neurotoxic chemical previously found in infant formula.