bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Organocatalytic Enantioselective Reactions of α‐Functionalized Propargylic Alcohols
Authors: Xia Yan , Liu Meiwen , Li Wenjun , Li Pengfei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOwing to their unique properties, propargylic alcohols have been recognized as one of the most attractive synthons in the field of organic synthesis. Particularly, with the aid of auxiliary group, the α‐functionalized propargylic alcohols have been frequently involved in the organocatalytic enantioselective substitutions, conjugate additions, annulations and related reactions in recent years. Accordingly, the present review highlights recent advancements in the application of α‐functionalized propargylic alcohols in the field of asymmetric organocatalysis, which is organized according to the type of auxiliary group.
Base Induced Synthesis of Isochroman Spiropyrazolones Via Bifunctional Peroxides
Authors: Feng Jiaxu , Wang Xiangdi , Wu Yingying 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIsochroman is one of the powerful scaffolds which demonstrated various important biologically activities. Herein we represented the novel and versatile method for the synthesis of valuable isochroman spiropyrazolones of difunctional peroxides and pyrazolones via [1+5] annulation. This process represents a novel spiroisochroman synthesis protocol and is featured by good functional group compatibility, mild conditions and readily available substrates.
Simulation of extractive distillation of C6 components from Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis oil
Authors: Wang Jun , Bao Zewan , Wang Peng , Wang Quan , Shen Xuemei , Zhang Luya , Wang Yishuang , Chen Mingqiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExtractive distillation is used for separating oxygenates from other components in the C6 cut oil from Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis followed by separating 1‐hexene from N‐hexane using the same solvent as the extractant. Furfural (FUR) is identified as an excellent solvent for extractive distillation of the C6 cut from FTS oil for separating oxygenates from other components as well as for separating 1‐hexene from N‐hexane via searching from more than 100 solvents by simulation using Aspen Plus. The behavior of the newly found solvent FUR is compared with that of the reported best solvent N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) and the results show that FUR scheme has the advantages of lower market price, lower dosage needed, less reboiler duty required and higher overall tray efficiency for fulfilling the same separation task.
Lithium Metal Recovery from Sea Water by a Flexible and Scalable Membrane with Lithium‐Ion Exclusive Channels
Authors: Yang Jingui , Wang Yigang , Zhang Menghang , Wang Pengfei , He Xuewei , Zhou Haoshen , He Ping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSea water is abundant in lithium reserves, and extracting lithium metal from it holds the potential to not only mitigate the shortage of lithium in light of the fast‐growing electric vehicle industry, but also serve as an anode electrode to provide electricity. The task, however, is challenging due to the harsh reactions and low lithium concentration in sea water. Here, we present a single‐channel strategy based on a flexible and scalable lithium ion‐sieve membrane for efficient lithium extraction. Our composite membrane exhibits high separation factor βLi/Na of more than 2.87×107 with an ionic conductivity of 6.2×10−5 S cm−1. Lithium metal was electrolytically extracted from sea water through a hybrid‐electrolyte system, which yielded a high Coulombic efficiency of 98.04 % and a low energy consumption of 17.4 kWh kgLi−1 at an optimized extracting current of 200 μA cm−2. The extracted lithium metal can be directly integrated into a lithium‐sulfur battery, delivering an energy output of 395 Wh kg−1. To demonstrate its industrial viability, we also fabricate a pouch cell with Li metal anode extracted by an amplified extraction prototype. This study has the potential to dispel concerns of lithium depletion and facilitate the sustainable development of lithium‐based energy storage systems.
Modulating Spin of Atomic Manganese Center for High‐Performance Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Zhang Jincheng , Li Fuhua , Liu Wei , Wang Qilun , Li Xuning , Hung Sung‐Fu , Yang Hongbin , Liu Bin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSingle atom catalysts (SACs) are promising non‐precious catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Unfortunately, the ORR SACs usually suffer from unsatisfactory activity and in particular poor stability. Herein, we report atomically dispersed manganese (Mn) embedded on nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped graphene as an efficient and robust electrocatalyst for ORR in alkaline electrolyte, realizing a half‐wave potential (E1/2) of 0.883 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) with negligible activity degradation after 40,000 cyclic voltammetry (CV) cycles in 0.1 M KOH. Introducing sulfur (S) to form Mn−S coordination changes the spin state of single Mn atom from high‐spin to low‐spin, verified by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and magnetic susceptibility measurements as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which effectively optimizes the oxygen intermediates adsorption over the single Mn atomic sites and thus greatly improves the ORR activity.
Supramolecular Control of Helicene Circularly Polarized Luminescence Emitters in Molecular Solids and Bright Nanoparticles
Authors: Stenspil Stine G. , Olsson Andrew H. , Mucci Rebecca , Pink Maren , Besnard Céline , Pescitelli Gennaro , Lacour Jérôme , Flood Amar H. , Laursen Bo W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL) from chiral molecules is attracting much attention due to its potential use in optical materials. However, formulation of CPL emitters as molecular solids typically deteriorates photophysical properties in the aggregated state leading to quenching and unpredictable changes in CPL behavior impeding materials development. To circumvent these shortcomings, a supramolecular approach can be used to isolate cationic dyes in a lattice of cyanostar‐anion complexes that suppress aggregation‐caused quenching and which we hypothesize can preserve the synthetically‐crafted chiroptical properties. Herein, we verify that supramolecular assembly of small‐molecule ionic isolation lattices (SMILES) allows translation of molecular ECD and CPL properties to solids. A series of cationic helicenes that display increasing chiroptical response is investigated. Crystal structures of three different packing motifs all show spatial isolation of dyes by the anion complexes. We observe the photophysical and chiroptical properties of all helicenes are seamlessly translated to water soluble nanoparticles by the SMILES method. Also, a DMQA helicene is used as FRET acceptor in SMILES nanoparticles of intensely absorbing rhodamine antennae to generate an 18‐fold boost in CPL brightness. These features offer promise for reliably accessing bright materials with programmable CPL properties.
Visible‐Photo‐Assisted Phase Switching of Antiferroelectric‐to‐Ferroelectric Orders in an I3−‐Intercalated 2D Perovskite
Authors: Liu Yi , Li Fu , Tang Liwei , Liu Xitao , Zeng Xi , Li Wenjing , Rong Hao , Zhang Hongbin , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAntiferroelectric (AFE) has emerged as a promising branch of electroactive materials, due to intriguing physical attributes stemming from the electric field‐induced antipolar‐to‐polar phase transformation. However, the requirement of extremely high electric field strength to switch adjacent sublattice polarization poses great challenges for exploiting new molecular AFE system. Although photoirradiation is striking as a noncontact and nondestructive manipulation tool to optimize physical properties, optical control of antiferroelectricity still remains unexplored. Here, by adopting light‐sensitive I3− anion into 2D perovskite family, we design a new I3−‐intercalated molecular AFE of (t‐ACH)2EA2Pb3I10(I3)0.5 ⋅ ((H3O)(H2O))0.5 (1, t‐ACH=trans‐4‐aminomethyl‐1‐cyclohexanecarboxylate, EA=ethylammonium). The I3−‐intercalating gives an ultra‐narrow band gap of 1.65 eV with strong absorption. In term of AFE structure, the anti‐parallel alignment of electric dipoles results in a large spontaneous polarization of 4.3 μC/cm2. Strikingly, 1 merely shows AFE behaviour in the dark even under ultrahigh voltage, while the field‐induced ferroelectric state can be facilely obtained upon visible illumination. Such unprecedented visible‐photo‐assisted phase switching ascribes to the incorporation of photoactive I3− anions that reduces AFE‐to‐ferroelectric switching barrier. This pioneering work on the photo‐assisting transformation of ferroic orders paves a way to develop future photoactive materials with potential applications.
Inorganic nanoparticles: An effective antibiofilm strategy
Authors: Tanwar Shruti Nandkishor , Parauha Yatish Ratn , There Yogesh , Ameen Faud , Dhoble Sanjay Janraoji 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBiofilm is a common problem associated with human health. Pathogenicity and increase in resistance of bacteria require urgent development of effective ways for the treatment of bacterial diseases. Different strategies have been developed for the treatment of bacterial infections among which nanoparticles have shown greater prospects in battling with infections. Biofilms are resistant microbial colonies that possess resistance and, hence, cannot be killed by conventional drugs. Nanoparticles offer new avenues for treating biofilm‐related infections involving multi‐drug resistant organisms. They possess great antibiofilm properties, disrupting cell architecture and preventing colony formation. Green‐synthesised nanoparticles are more effective and less toxic to human cells than commercially available or chemically synthesised antibiofilm nanoparticles. This review summarises the antibiofilm efficiency of plant‐mediated nanoparticles and knowledge about biofilm inhibition.
Sport participation as a tool for promoting wellness for youth of colour
Authors: Gamble Alexander , Economou Peter , Swarbrick Margaret 
Published: September 2024

AbstractYouth of colour, especially from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds, are at higher risk for experiencing mental and physical health challenges due to poverty and racism; however, they are less likely to seek and engage in formal mental health services and medical care due to stigma, time constraints, financial burdens, and cultural mistrust for the medical field more broadly. This commentary will describe how participation in sport for youth of colour from low SES backgrounds has benefits that extend across the Eight Dimensions of Wellness Model, illustrating the power of sport as a tool for prevention and support. The authors conclude with a call to action to mobilize government officials, healthcare providers, educators and coaches to encourage sport participation as a tool to improve individual wellness for today's youth of colour and uplift communities. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Antibacterial Indole‐Diterpenoid Alkaloids from the Marine Fungus Penicillium sp. ZYX‐Z‐718
Authors: Yang Li , Quan Miao‐Miao , Ma Qing‐Yun , Xie Qing‐Yi , Gai Cui‐Juan , Dai Hao‐Fu , Hao Yu.‐E. , Zhao You‐Xing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTwo new indole‐diterpenoids, penpaxilloids F and G (1 and 2), along with 11 known analogues (3–13), were isolated from the marine fungus Penicillium sp. ZYX‐Z‐718. The structures of the new compounds were identified by extensive spectroscopic analyses including HR‐ESI‐MS, UV, and NMR, as well as theoretical NMR chemical shifts and ECD calculations. Compounds 6 and 10 showed antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and MRSA with MIC values ranging from 16.0–32.0 μg/mL.
Bioactive Microgels with Tunable Microenvironment as a 3D Platform to Guide the Complex Physiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Spheroids
Authors: Kim Suntae , Yeop Baek Seung , Cha Chaenyung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMiniaturized three‐dimensional tissue models, such as spheroids, have become a highly useful and efficient platform to investigate tumor physiology and explore the effect of chemotherapeutic efficacy over traditional two‐dimensional monolayer culture, since they can provide more in‐depth analysis, especially in regards to intercellular interactions and diffusion. The development of most tumor spheroids relies on the high proliferative capacity and self‐aggregation behavior of tumor cells. However, it often disregards the effect of microenvironmental factors mediated by extracellular matrix, which are indispensable components of tissue structure. In this study, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells are encapsulated in bioactive microgels consisting of gelatin and hyaluronic acid designed to emulate tumor microenvironment in order to induce hepatic tumor spheroid formation. Two different subtypes of HCC's, HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines, are explored. The physicomechanical and biochemical properties of the microgels, controlled by changing the crosslinking density and polymer composition, are clearly shown to have substantial influence over the formation and spheroid formation. Moreover, the spheroids made from different cells and microgel properties display highly variable chemoresistance effects, further highlighting the importance of microenvironmental factors guiding tumor spheroid physiology.
Perfect Partners: Biocatalytic Halogenation and Metal Catalysis for Protein Bioconjugation
Authors: Montua Nicolai , Sewald Norbert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFlavin‐dependent halogenases (FDHs) are the most extensively researched halogenases and show great potential for biotransformation applications. These enzymes use chloride, bromide, or iodide ions as halogen donors to catalyze the oxygen‐dependent halogenation of electron‐rich aryl moieties, requiring stochiometric amounts of FADH2 in the process. This makes FDH‐catalyzed aryl halogenation a highly selective and environmentally friendly tool for the synthesis of aryl halides. The latter in turn serve as valuable intermediates for transition metal catalyzed cross coupling reactions for C−C bond formation. Previous research made extensive use of this approach to halogenate small molecules as building blocks for late‐stage functionalization by transition‐metal catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions. Based on these results, several groups have managed to expand this research to protein targets over the past two years. Their work indicates an emerging methodology for bioconjugation using late‐stage biocatalytic halogenation in conjunction with biorthogonal Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling. This strategy could present an attractive alternative to existing approaches due to the stability of the C−C bond bridging the generated biaryl moiety and the ease of late‐stage enzymatic modification while maintaining excellent selectivity under mild conditions.
Discovery and Heterologous Expression of Trilenodin, an Antimicrobial Lasso Peptide with a Unique Tri‐Isoleucine Motif
Authors: Pulliam Conor , Xue Dan , Campbell Andrew , Older Ethan , Li Jie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLasso peptides are an increasingly relevant class of peptide natural products with diverse biological activities, intriguing physical properties, and unique chemical structures. Most characterized lasso peptides have been from Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, despite bioinformatic analyses suggesting that other bacterial taxa, particularly those from Firmicutes, are rich in biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding lasso peptides. Herein, we report the bioinformatic identification of a lasso peptide BGC from Paenibacillus taiwanensis DSM18679 which we termed pats. We used a bioinformatics‐guided isolation approach and high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS/MS) to isolate and subsequently characterize a new lasso peptide produced from the pats BGC, which we named trilenodin, after the tri‐isoleucine motif present in its primary sequence. This tri‐isoleucine motif is unique among currently characterized lasso peptides. We confirmed the connection between the pats BGC and trilenodin production by establishing the first Bacillus subtilis 168‐based heterologous expression system for expressing Firmicutes lasso peptides. We finally determined that trilenodin exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae, making trilenodin the first characterized biologically active lasso peptide from Firmicutes. Collectively, we demonstrate that bacteria from Firmicutes can serve as high‐potential sources of chemically and biologically diverse lasso peptides.
Severe generalized edema in a premature neonate: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zong Haifeng , Huang Yingsui , Xiong Ying , Gong Wentao , Lin Bingchun , Yang Chuanzhong 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageWith no family history, and an atypical phenotype, the clinical diagnosing of Noonan syndrome (NS) can be very difficult. The present case emphasized that generalized edema in neonates may be the potential first symptom of NS.AbstractSevere generalized edema is a rare pathological condition with high mortality in newborns, in particular the premature infants. It is characterized by the extensive subcutaneous tissue edema and the accumulation of fluid in neonatal body fluid compartments. The etiology and pathogenesis of hydrops in neonates are quite complex. Generally speaking, hydrops can be divided into immune hydrops and non‐immune hydrops according to the etiology. It is still challenging in treating severe neonatal edema. In this study, we presented a preterm newborn with severe generalized edema after birth, which was finally diagnosed with Noonan syndrome (NS). The infant clinically manifested as severe generalized edema alone, without the involvement of multiple organ malformation. Generalized edema in neonates was probably the first symptom of NS. Therefore, differential diagnosis of NS is necessary for infants developing generalized edema.
An unusual cause of headache: Expanding your differential
Authors: Orabueze Ijeoma , Mohamed Hazique , Grewal Sehneet , Ojeda‐Martinez Hector 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageGiant cell arteritis (GCA) is an inflammatory vasculitis that affects larger blood vessels, like the temporal arteries and the aorta. It is systemic and tends to affect individuals over 50. Common symptoms include headache, jaw pain provoked by chewing, and fever. We present an interesting case of a GCA variant.
Atypical case of tuberous sclerosis with isolated neurologic findings: A case report
Authors: Devkota Shritik , Bhatta Om Prakash , Kalikote Arun , Gyawali Prakash , Lamichhane Samiksha 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageTuberous sclerosis (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder. This case highlights rare isolated neurologic finding in a TSC patient emphasizing the need for heightened suspicion even in the absence of any cutaneous findings and family history.
Low cholesterol levels are good markers for central hypothyroidism in case with dialysis using roxadustat
Authors: Kita Serina , Okuyama Hiroshi , Kondo Takaya , Hayashi Mizuki , Nakao Shinichiro , Sawamura Toshitaka , Fujimoto Keiji , Nakagawa Atsushi , Yokoyama Hitoshi , Furuichi Kengo 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageRecently, hypoxia‐inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase (HIF‐PH) inhibitors have been used for renal anemia, but side effects have also been reported. We report on the association of central hypothyroidism and cholesterol with roxadustat. Based on this case and previous reports, we believe that patients receiving roxadustat should have their thyroid function and cholesterol levels checked regularly.
Femoral neck fracture in sickle cell anemia: A comprehensive case study
Authors: Babiker Ayman Taj Elsir Mustafa , Yousif Yousif Omer Elgaili , Ahmed Mohammed Mubarak Mohammed , MohammedAhmed Mohammed Alssir , Abd‐Elmaged Hozifa Mohammed Ali 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe significance of taking femoral neck stress fractures into account as a possible consequence in sickle cell anemia patients is underscored by this case report. In this high‐risk group, early identification, timely diagnosis, and suitable care are crucial for averting major problems and improving results. When sickle cell anemia patients complain with hip or groin discomfort, healthcare practitioners should keep a high index of suspicion for femoral neck stress fractures to assure prompt management and prevent long‐term impairment.AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is a prevalent genetic hemoglobinopathy with significant global implications, affecting a substantial portion of the population. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a common complication in SCD, leading to severe joint damage and immobility. This case report is of a 20‐year‐old male who presented with severe hip pain due to a femoral neck stress fracture, which progressed to a complete fracture. This patient had a past medical history of sickle cell anemia and a malunited subtrochanteric fracture that resulted in shortening, external rotation, and a limping gait. Surgical treatment via subtrochanteric osteotomy with fixation using a dynamic hip screw with or without iliac crest bone graft was planned, with a satisfactory reduction and closure of the fracture gap, postoperatively. In cases of sickle cell anemia patients, bone complications such as both osteonecrosis and stress fractures are common. As a healthcare provider, it is important to manage and address these not only through medical interventions, but also through counseling and patient education. Patients must be reminded about the importance of compliance with medical advice to avoid progression or recurrence of complications.
Simultaneous closure of a perilymphatic fistula and placement of cochlear implant in a case of complex inner ear malformation
Authors: Almuzaini Hanan , Müller J. , Wilhelm Flatz , Polterauer D. , Schuster M. 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageIn young infants, under the age of one‐year, cochlear malformation with profound hearing loss complicated by a perilymphatic fistula (PLF), presents a serious clinical challenge, warranting immediate audiological and surgical intervention. Timely PLF detection and closure, along with an early CI can significantly improve the prognosis of such patients and helps them in achieving their maximum hearing and developmental potential, in the long term.AbstractInner ear malformation (IEM) with incomplete partition and cystic cochlea is mostly accompanied by profound hearing loss. It gets further complicated with other malformations such as a perilymphatic fistula (PLF). This case concerns an 8‐month‐old child cochlear malformation and profound hearing loss. Surgical intervention identified a PLF at the stapedial footplate, which was successfully closed. The surgery also included the placement of a cochlear implant (CI) in the right ear, via the round window. The left ear was equipped with hearing aids, with persistent hearing thresholds at 70–80 db. At the age of 6 years, the child showed a good hearing outcome with the CI, with only moderate speech delay. Cochlear malformation accompanied by a perilymphatic leakage warrants immediate surgical closure of the PLF, to minimize the risk of bacterial meningitis. Wherever possible, the feasibility of a CI should be explored in such cases and a CI should be placed for treatment of hearing loss. Audiological and speech outcomes may vary with the use of the CI, especially in cases of IEM. However, an early CI coupled with timely PLF detection and closure can help children with profound hearing loss, in achieving their maximum hearing and developmental potential, in the long run.