bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigating nitrogen loss in paddy field microcosms through indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi assemblage
Authors: Zhang Shujuan , Chen Xinlong , Dong Yuexiao , Qi Jingfan , You Zhaoyang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhether farmers should consider the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in agriculture is a hotly debated topic. We aimed to investigate the role of indigenous AMF in reducing nitrogen (N) loss from paddy fields via runoff, leaching, NH3 volatilization, and N2O emission. We conducted a pot experiment employing a mycorrhiza‐defective rice mutant (non‐mycorrhizal) as the control, grown in soil containing indigenous AMF. The corresponding AMF treatment used the progenitor of this mutant with the same soil. The plants were fertilized with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 6 weeks after sowing. The root colonization was 23% in mycorrhizal rice, and no typical AMF structures were observed in the roots of non‐mycorrhizal rice. Our findings indicated that the mycorrhizal system exhibited lower N concentrations of runoff and leachate further compounded by reduced fluxes of N2O and NH3. This led to 14% decrease (mycorrhizal rice 111 kg N ha−1; the non‐mycorrhizal rice: 129 kg N ha−1) in cumulative N loss within 3 days post‐fertilization. While this AMF effect was consistent across the four tested N loss pathways, differences were observed between NH4+‐N and NO3−‐N in the runoff pathway. Notably, our results revealed no evidence of trade‐offs in AMF effect on N loss among the tested pathways. Additionally, mycorrhizal rice had larger shoots and roots than their non‐mycorrhizal counterparts. Our study underscores the potential benefits of indigenous AMF in paddy fields for mitigating water pollution and reducing greenhouse gas emission.
Revisiting directionality in China's “outward translation”
Authors: Wu Yun , Jiang Mengying 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDirectionality in translation traditionally refers to whether translation occurs from the translator's second language into their first or vice versa. This paper seeks to broaden the concept of directionality in translation by examining China's “outward translation” (i.e., the translation of works for readers outside of China), and goes beyond linguistic inquiries to encompass multifaceted dimensions related to global cultural exchange. By exploring outward translation within the Chinese context, this study contends that research on directionality should transcend mere linguistic considerations and embrace a more comprehensive analysis. Drawing insights from the Chinese perspective and employing a spatial conceptualization, this paper posits that outward translation operates within a dialogical space characterized by mutual exchange and engagement between the source culture and the target culture. Within this dynamic space, translation agents (including translators, publishers, patrons, and so on) from both source and target cultures interact, fostering reciprocal relationships and facilitating cultural dialogue. In conclusion, the paper argues that outward translation should be better defined and understood as an area of research with the potential to address the imbalanced global translation flows from English to other less‐translated languages, thereby facilitating more diverse and inclusive global knowledge production and dissemination.
Domestic and Family Violence Screening and Response: A Prospective, Cross‐Sectional, Mixed Methods Survey in Private Mental Health Clients
Authors: Fisher Caroline A. , Cairns Gaylyn , Jones Sue , Wilson Isabella , Withiel Toni D. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMost domestic and family violence (DFV) research has focused on establishing prevalence and screening rates in public health and community samples. This study sought to address a gap in the literature by evaluating DFV screening and response practices in a private mental healthcare inpatient service and determining if clients of the service had unmet DFV needs. A prospective, convenience sample, mixed methods, cross‐sectional survey of adult inpatient mental health consumers was employed. Sixty‐two participants completed the Royal Melbourne Hospital Patient Family Violence Survey. Quantitative Likert‐type and categorical responses were collated and analysed descriptively (count and percentage). Free‐text responses were analysed using qualitative description within a content analysis framework. Sixty‐five percent of participants had been screened for at least one DFV issue, on at least one occasion, with 35% not being screened, to their recall. Twenty‐three percent reported disclosing DFV concerns, 82% felt very supported by the clinician's response to their disclosure, and 86% were provided with information they found helpful. Unmet needs were identified in 13% of participants, who had wanted to disclose DFV concerns but not feel comfortable to do so. No unscreened respondents disclosed DFV concerns, highlighting the need to uphold best practice guidelines for direct enquiry. Most disclosing clients were positive about the support they received. Indicated areas for improvement were screening rates, active follow‐up, increasing psychology support levels and safety planning.
The relationship between attitudes towards professional autonomy and nurse–nurse collaboration: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tarhan Merve 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine the relationship between attitudes towards professional autonomy and nurse–nurse collaboration among nurses.BackgroundProfessional autonomy is crucial for nurses in today's complex and ever‐changing healthcare environment. Therefore, attitudes towards professional autonomy may result in effective collaboration among nurses, one of the nursing roles and responsibilities.MethodsThis descriptive, cross‐sectional study was conducted with 685 nurses in four private hospitals affiliated with a university. Descriptive tests, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used. An ethics committee approved this study, and the STROBE Statement guidelines for cross‐sectional studies were followed.ResultsSignificant predictors for nurse–nurse collaboration were identified as job‐related independence, autonomous clinical judgement and working unit from control variables.ConclusionThis study's results provided valuable insights for nurse managers to enhance nurses’ attitudes towards professional autonomy and foster collaborative work environments.Implications for nursingNurse managers can increase nurses’ participation in decision‐making processes and allow them to recognize their autonomy and that of their colleagues.
Family perspectives on and experiences with advance care planning in nursing homes: A thematic synthesis
Authors: Choi Hye Ri , Chu Ho Nee , Jia Shumin , Liu Xiaohang , Wang Tongyao , Lin Chia‐Chin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo synthesize family members' experiences and perspectives on advance care planning (ACP) in nursing homes.MethodsThe thematic synthesis is reported following the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) statement. A systematic search of the APA PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus, Embase and PubMed databases is initially conducted in October 2022, and the search is updated in January 2024. Qualitative studies that presented family members' quotes regarding advance care planning in nursing homes published in a peer‐reviewed journal were included. Screening and data extraction were independently performed by two reviewers, and any discrepancies were resolved with the assistance of the third author.ResultsA total of 1027 articles were identified, and 23 articles were included in the full‐text review. Subsequently, a total of 17 studies were ultimately included, and 127 quotes were extracted and analysed. The main findings were categorized into three themes: (1) invitation to conversation and care, (2) the resident's surrogate and (3) nurses. Considering the importance of family members' roles in ACP conversations in a nursing home setting, this study provided an in‐depth understanding of family members' perceptions and experiences of ACP by synthesizing qualitative studies. Family members' lack of knowledge regarding the timing and pursuits of ACP was also identified.ConclusionThe findings of this study provide synthesized qualitative evidence of family members' perspectives on ACP, which can inform care and treatment in nursing homes. As this study synthesizes the experiences of family members in nursing homes about ACP, the findings of this study contribute to reflecting family members' experiences and providing evidence for nursing home healthcare professionals.Patient or Public ContributionThis study reports the experiences of family members in ACP nursing homes. The findings of this study contribute to reflecting family members' experiences and building evidence for nursing home healthcare professionals.
Effect of irisin on ovarian phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway and mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase pathways of rats with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Li Cheng‐gang , Zhou Li , Zhang Ying‐jun , Li Yong , Zhao Li‐yan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the independent effects of irisin on insulin resistance (IR) in ovary of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and explore possible pathways.MethodsWe established PCOS medel using Poretsky L's method, then PCOS rats were randomly divided into model group (M) and irisin group (I), and normal rats (N) were used as the control. Then rats in the group I were injected with recombinant irisin. Then the levels of circulating fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA‐IR) and PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways in each group were observed, as well as the effects of irisin on the levels of circulating HOMA‐IR and PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways in ovary of PCOS rats were evaluated.ResultsCompared with normal group, levels of FBG, FINS, and HOMA‐IR of model group were significantly increased (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively), levels of average optical density by IHC of p‐PI3K, PI3K, p‐AKT, and AKT (p = 0.015, p = 0.010, p = 0.005, and p = 0.009, respectively) and levels of mRNA concentration of PI3K and AKT (p = 0.001, and p = 0.005, respectively) were decreased, while the levels of average optical density of p‐ERK, ERK (p = 0.011, and p = 0.013, respectively) and level of mRNA concentration of ERK (p < 0.001) were increased in ovary. After irisin intervention, compared with model group, levels of FBG, FINS, and HOMA‐IR of rats in irisin group were significantly decreased (p = 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively), levels of average optical density by IHC of p‐PI3K, PI3K, p‐AKT, and AKT (p = 0.030, p = 0.024, p = 0.012, and p = 0.025, respectively) and levels of mRNA concentration of PI3K and AKT (p = 0.002, and p = 0.003, respectively) were significantly increased, while the levels of average optical density of p‐ERK, ERK (p = 0.004, and p = 0.026, respectively) and level of mRNA concentration of ERK (p = 0.001) were significantly decreased.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that irisin could not only improve circulating insulin resistance, but may also improve ovarian IR through an increase in the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling and a decrease of MAPK/ERK signaling.
Christian Nationalism and Violence Against Religious Minorities in the United States: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Saiya Nilay , Manchanda Stuti 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between Christian nationalism—a political theology and cultural framework that seeks to amalgamate the Christian faith and a country's political life and privilege Christianity in the public square over other faith traditions—and attacks against religious minorities in the United States. Some Christian nationalists believe that it is justifiable to undertake violent actions in order to realize the goals of Christian nationalism. We theorize that the political empowerment of Christian nationalist ideology in the form of politicians expressing Christian nationalist sentiments corresponds to physical attacks on religious minorities carried out by self‐professing Christians. We test this theory using a cross‐sectional, time‐series analysis of antiminority violence in the United States. The results provide robust support for our theory.
Community ionomics reveals a diversity of mineral nutrition in a species‐rich shrubland on infertile soil
Authors: Hocedez Juliette , Gotty Karine , Hequet Vanessa , Chay Sandrine , Léopold Audrey , Dray Stéphane , Pillon Yohan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractQuestionsHigh species richness is observed in certain shrublands on infertile substrates. Mineral nutrients are likely to be the primary limiting resources in these ecosystems, and below‐ground plant interactions may be crucial to understanding their diversity. Using ionomics, we investigated whether there were nutritional variations between plant species that coexist in a shrubland located in an edaphically extreme environment.LocationNew Caledonia.MethodsWe set up a 20 m × 20 m plot in a diverse shrubland (“maquis”) on ultramafic (infertile) substrate, in which we sampled all 475 plants taller than 1 m and characterized their ionome (22 elements).ResultsIn our study, 37 species were identified in the plot, representing all major forms of mycorrhizal symbioses, as well as nitrogen‐fixing plants, cluster rooted and parasitic plants. Notably, both nickel hyperaccumulating and manganese hyperaccumulating species were present. Hypervolume approaches were used to assess ionome overlap among the nine most abundant species, with the results revealing limited overlap. Moreover, it was observed that the rarest species in the plot also had the most functionally distinct features.ConclusionsDifferent nutritional strategies were present in the plot, as demonstrated by the variety of root symbioses and leaf ionomes. Our findings indicate coexistence of multiple species within this infertile shrubland may be achieved by species partitioning into different highly specialized biogeochemical niches.
Responsive feeding practices among Arabic and Mongolian speaking migrant mothers in Australia: A qualitative study
Authors: Jawad Danielle , Wen Li Ming , Baur Louise , Rissel Chris , Mihrshahi Seema , Taki Sarah 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEstablishing healthy feeding habits during infancy is crucial for optimal growth. However, certain parental feeding and cultural practices might hinder the development of children's healthy eating behaviours. This research explored responsive feeding practices among migrant mothers in Australia. Semi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted in their native language with 20 Arabic and 20 Mongolian‐speaking migrant mothers with children under 2 years old or currently pregnant. Thematic analysis was conducted using the framework method. Both cultural groups followed a variety of feeding practices, including on demand responsive feeding or structured schedules. Arabic‐speaking mothers tended to demonstrate responsive feeding practices more frequently than Mongolian‐speaking mothers, except for those using formula feeding, who consistently followed a fixed feeding routine. When introducing solid foods, mothers from both groups often overlooked their babies' hunger and satiety cues, frequently pressuring their children to finish their entire plate. One cited reason for this was the challenge parents faced in identifying such cues. Arabic‐speaking mothers often supplemented with formula top‐ups after introducing solid foods, due to the belief that breast milk or solid foods alone might not sufficiently nourish their infants. Additionally, some Arabic‐speaking mothers used food‐based rewards to encourage eating. Mongolian mothers expressed a cultural preference for chubby babies, a potential reason why they may have been inclined to pressure‐feed their children. Moreover, both groups reported using digital devices to distract their children during meals. This study highlights the necessity of tailoring future resources and services related to responsive feeding practices to accommodate diverse literacy levels and cultural backgrounds.
Anterior or Posterior Tibial Tendon Transfer to the Peroneus Tertius for Equinovarus Deformity
Authors: Dong Quan Yu , Jiang Jun Yu , Su Peng , Su Bo , Bai Long Bin 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundEquinovarus deformity correction was performed by soft tissue release and bone deformity correction, and tendon transfer to maintain deformity correction. Because of the high complication rate of tendon fixation methods, partial or total anterior tibial tendon or posterior tibial tendon transfer to the peroneus tertius tendon was reported. The purpose of this study was (i) to review the results of this tendon transfer technique after release and correction of talipes equinovarus, and (ii) to analyze the complication of this technique.MethodsBetween February 2017 and May 2022, 176 patients (210 feet) with equinus and/or varus foot and ankle deformities underwent anterior or posterior tibial tendon transfer to the peroneus tertius in our institute. Preoperative and postoperative foot and ankle range of motion (passive and active) were checked. The postoperative radiographic assessment included antero‐posterior (AP), lateral, and hindfoot alignment radiographs. Preoperative and postoperative lateral tibio‐talar, talo‐calcaneal, talo‐first metatarsal, tibial‐sole angles, hindfoot alignment, and anterior subluxation of the talus were checked. The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle‐hindfoot scale, and visual analog scale (VAS) were used to assess pain. Paired Student's t‐test was used to compare the clinical scores and radiographic angles before the operation and at the last follow‐up.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 23.27 ± 13.44 years (range, 3–69 years). The mean follow‐up time was 25.56 ± 16.37 months (range, 12–68 months). There were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative measurements of the lateral tibio‐talar angle, lateral talo‐calcaneal angle, lateral talo‐first metatarsal angle, lateral tibial‐sole angle, and hindfoot alignment (p < 0.001). There was significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative AOFAS and VAS scores (p < 0.001). The early complications included infection in one patient, skin necrosis in two patients, and plantar numbness in three patients. The late complications included pin infection in three patients, tibio‐talar joint compression in four patients, forefoot pain in two patients, toe flexion in two patients, and plantar numbness in one patient. There were three cases of complications (1.43%) related to the transferred tendons.ConclusionTibialis anterior or posterior tendon transfer to the peroneus tertius is a safe and effective method for equinovarus deformity correction. It yielded excellent outcomes that produced high patient satisfaction and few complications.
Language and communication development and school readiness of children raised by grandparents or in multi‐generational homes
Authors: Keim Sarah A. , Mason Rachel E. , Yisahak Samrawit F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundOne in ten U.S. children lives with a grandparent, and more foster children are being placed in kinship care.ObjectivesOur objective was to compare early language and communication development and school readiness among children raised by grandparents (alone or in multigenerational households) to children raised by parents.MethodsWe included in this cross‐sectional study children ages 1–5 years from the 2016–2020 National Survey of Children's Health to examine healthy and ready to learn school readiness outcomes and binary language and communication development (2018–2020 data only) by caregiver type (parent, multigenerational, and grandparent‐only) with survey‐weighted log‐binomial regression adjusted for confounders. We stratified by survey years pre‐COVID‐19 pandemic versus during.ResultsAmong 33,342 children, 86.0% (SE = 0.51) of children were ‘On‐Track’ for language and communication development; only 37.2% (SE = 0.68) were ‘On‐Track’ overall for school readiness. Children raised by grandparents or in multigenerational households were more often ‘On‐Track’ for school readiness than children raised by parents, but only upon adjustment for covariates (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) for grandparent‐only 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11, 1.15; aPR for multigenerational 1.13, CI 1.12, 1.15). Smaller and less consistent differences in prevalence were observed for the other outcomes (language and communication development, school readiness domains of early learning skills, social–emotional development, self‐regulation development and physical well‐being and motor development). A disparity in school readiness may have emerged during the COVID‐19 pandemic; children in grandparent‐only households had a lower prevalence of being ‘On‐Track’ for school readiness (aPR 0.71, 95% CI 0.69, 0.73) compared to children in parent households, whereas children in multigenerational households continued to be more often school‐ready than children in parent households.ConclusionLarge proportions of children across caregiver types were not fully prepared for school. Consideration of key covariates is important because socio‐economic disadvantage may mask other advantages grandparent‐led and multigenerational households offer children's early development.
Heterogeneous dense subhypergraph detection
Authors: Yuan Mingao , Shang Zuofeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe study the problem of testing the existence of a heterogeneous dense subhypergraph. The null hypothesis corresponds to a heterogeneous Erdös–Rényi uniform random hypergraph and the alternative hypothesis corresponds to a heterogeneous uniform random hypergraph that contains a dense subhypergraph. We establish detection boundaries when the edge probabilities are known and construct an asymptotically powerful test for distinguishing the hypotheses. We also construct an adaptive test which does not involve edge probabilities, and hence, is more practically useful.