bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultraviolet B irradiation increases keratin 1 and keratin 10 expressions in HaCaT keratinocytes via TRPV1 activation and ERK phosphorylation
Authors: Huang Kuo‐Feng , Ma Kuo‐Hsing , Liu Pei‐Shan , Chen Bo‐Wei , Chueh Sheau‐Huei 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this study, we characterized the effect of ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation with or without epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the regulation of keratinocyte differentiation under physiological concentration of Ca2+ (1.8 mM). In addition, growth factor deprivation used to measure signal transduction and kinase phosphorylation in many studies is physiologically unreal. Therefore, 1% of serum was also included in all experiment. We found that UVB irradiation Ca2+ dependently induced morphological differentiation and increased keratin 1 and 10 (K1/K10) expressions. Both were inhibited by treatment of cells with EGF. In quiescent cells, phosphorylation of ERK was stimulated by acute EGF treatment, while it rapidly desensitized in chronic EGF treatment or 1% serum exposure. UVB irradiation‐induced keratinocyte differentiation required Ca2+ influx through TRPV1. Ca2+‐dependent phosphorylation of ERK was responsible for the expression of K1/10. Cotreatment of cells with EGF during UVB irradiation inhibits the UVB irradiation‐induced differentiation by desensitizing ERK phosphorylation.
Geographical patterns of phylogenetic beta‐diversity components in terrestrial mammals
Authors: Peixoto F. P. , Villalobos F. , Melo A. S. , Diniz‐Filho J. A. F. , Loyola R. , Rangel T. F. , Cianciaruso M. V. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimTo inve stigate geographical patterns of phylogenetic beta diversity (PBD) and its turnover and nestedness‐resultant components for terrestrial mammals. We expect an increase in the importance of the nestedness‐resultant component towards temperate regions given the historical loss of lineages caused by environmental and spatial constraints. Analogously, we expect to find a similar increase in the contribution of the nestedness‐resultant component towards higher elevations. We expect these patterns to be stronger for Rodentia because they have poor dispersal ability and may have been less efficient in recolonizing areas after glaciations.LocationWorld‐wide.MethodsWe generated the species composition of terrestrial Mammalia for 200 km × 200 km cells to calculate PBD and its turnover and nestedness‐resultant components. All measures were computed for each cell and the cells in the surrounding radius of one, two or three adjacent layers. We calculated the relative importance of the nestedness‐resultant component as the proportion of the total PBD (PBDratio) and also PBD deviation given taxonomic beta diversity (PBDdev). PBDdev measures the importance of phylogenetic beta diversity after factoring out taxonomic beta diversity. We used simple linear regressions and piecewise regressions to investigate relationships between PBDratio and mean annual temperature and elevation.ResultsWe found a major contribution of the nestedness‐resultant component linked to temperate climate, especially for groups with better dispersal capacity. Higher elevations were associated with a major contribution of the turnover‐resultant component, particularly for Rodentia.Main conclusionsWe provide the first global representation of PBD in terrestrial mammals and demonstrate that at higher latitudes PBD is mostly a result of lineage loss, whereas in highlands it is linked to lineage turnover. By analysing global patterns of the contribution of PBD components, we demonstrate that dispersal capacity is essential in determining the response of different lineages to geographical and environmental barriers.
Service outsourcing and labour mobility in a digital age: transnational linkages between Japan and Dalian, China
Authors: KAWASHIMA KUMIKO 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this article, I examine the transnational mobility of digital workers and the control of their labour across multiple production sites. The digitalization of work has progressively allowed businesses to outsource IT‐enabled service jobs to cheaper production sites offshore. The growth of the ‘offshore outsourcing' of white‐collar service jobs in East Asia has produced the mobility of cheap digital labour from Japan to Dalian in northeast China. They work at call centres and other Japanese‐speaking workplaces in the lower echelons of the city's IT sector, typically earning salaries in Chinese yuan at, or even below, the average Japanese minimum wage. Based on ethnographic findings, I argue that in the global digital economy, digital services are rendered exploitable through their transnational mobility and that this form of labour migration has developed because of the partial, fluid and contingent nature of the transnational links between the two locations. I analyse how the neoliberal logic of exception underpins the creation of IT parks in China and the casualization of labour in Japan to enable new forms of transnational labour control and capital accumulation.
Bringing about the global movement for the rights of nature: sites and practices for intelligibility
Authors: ESPINOSA CRISTINA 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLegal scholars, environmental organizations, indigenous groups and activists from around the world are energizing an emergent global movement on the rights of nature. To face the environmental crisis, these heterogeneous actors are coming together to reconceptualize nature as a legal subject. In this article, I examine Democracy Schools and Awakening the Dreamer Symposia (ADS) to establish where and how this emergent movement is being organized. The meaning structures, knowledge stocks and identity cues that characterize it are made intelligible to potential adherents through these seminars and workshops. Interpretive analysis reveals that Democracy Schools and ADSs are distinctively mobile and replicable infrastructures. The concept of ‘stagings' was developed to help examine cultural and spatial dynamics in heterogeneous and extensive collective action.
‘It′s good enough’: Swedish general dental practitioners on reasons for accepting substandard root filling quality
Authors: Dahlström L. , Lindwall O. , Rystedt H. , Reit C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimThe concept of ‘good enough’ is central and necessary in the assessment of root filling quality. The aim was to explore the concept by analysing reasons and arguments for the acceptance or rejection of substandard root filling quality as reported by general dental practitioners (GDPs) in Sweden.MethodologyThe study was designed as a qualitative and exploratory study based on seven videotaped focus group interviews analysed by means of qualitative content analysis. Thirty‐three GDPs employed in the Public Dental Health Service in Gothenburg, Sweden, participated (4–6 GDPs/interview). In all, nine predetermined questions were followed. Before each focus group, the participants received radiographs of 37 root fillings and were asked to assess the root filling quality. The three cases representing the most divergent assessments served as a basis for the discussion. The cases were presented without clinical information; the dentists would relate to the cases as being just root filled by themselves.ResultsThe radiographs did not provide a sufficient basis for decisions on whether or not to accept the root filling. This study emphasized that dentists did not primarily look for these arguments in the technical details of the root filling per se, but instead, they considered selected features of the contextual situation. The GDPs constantly introduced relevant ‘ad hoc considerations’ to account for the decisions they made. These contextual considerations were related to aspects of pulpal and periapical disease, risks (e.g. technical complications) or to consumed resources (personal and/or economic).ConclusionsIt was obvious that the concept of ‘good enough’ does not exist as a general formula ready to be applied in particular situations. Instead, it is necessarily and irremediably tied to contextual properties that emerge from case to case.
Application of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pemphigus
Authors: Wang Menglei , Cao Can , Sun Jing , Peng Xuebiao , Liu Qifa , Huang Liang , Chai Yanyan , Lai Kuan , Chen Pingjiao , Liu Qingxiu , Li Qian , Peng Yusheng , Xiong Hao , Zhang Jing , Chen Minghua , Zeng Kang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundPemphigus is a rare and fatal autoimmune disease for which the treatment options are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of autologous peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (APHSCT) for pemphigus.MethodsWe conducted APHSCT for 12 pemphigus patients (seven males and five females, mean age 23.8 years) with life‐threatening complications or who responded poorly to conventional therapy. Peripheral blood stem cells were mobilized with cyclophosphamide, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor, and rituximab, and purified autologous CD34+ stem cells were infused. Overall survival rate, progression‐free survival, and adverse events were recorded.ResultsWith a mean follow‐up period of 80.3 months, overall survival and complete clinical remission rates were 92% (11/12) and 75% (9/12), respectively. Adverse effects included pyrexia, allergy, infection, and elevation of enzymes. Only one patient died of severe sepsis and multiple organ failure 2 months after APHSCT.ConclusionOverall APHSCT is a promising therapeutic option for pemphigus.
Mortality event involving larvae of the carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussatus in a hatchery: isolation of the pathogen Vibrio tubiashii subsp. europaeus
Authors: Dubert J , Aranda‐Burgos J A , Ojea J , Barja J L , Prado S 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDiseases caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio are a common, as yet unresolved, cause of mortality in shellfish hatcheries. In this study, we report the results of routine microbiological monitoring of larval cultures of the carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussatus in a hatchery in Galicia (NW Spain). Previous episodes of mortality with signs similar to those of vibriosis affecting other species in the installation indicated the possibility of bacterial infection and led to division of the culture at the early D‐veliger larval stage. One batch was cultured under routine conditions, and the other was experimentally treated with antibiotic (chloramphenicol). Differences in larval survival were assessed, and culturable bacterial population in clams and sea water was evaluated, with particular attention given to vibrios. Severe mortalities were recorded from the first stages of culture onwards. The pathogen Vibrio tubiashii subsp. europaeus was detected in both batches, mainly associated with larvae. Moreover, initial detection of the pathogen in the eggs suggested the vertical transmission from broodstock as a possible source. Experimental use of antibiotic reduced the presence and diversity of vibrios in sea water, but proved inefficient in controlling vibrios associated with larvae from early stages and it did not stop mortalities.
Reduced representation genome sequencing reveals patterns of genetic diversity and selection in apple
Authors: Ma Baiquan , Liao Liao , Peng Qian , Fang Ting , Zhou Hui , Korban Schuyler S. , Han Yuepeng 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIdentifying DNA sequence variations is a fundamental step towards deciphering the genetic basis of traits of interest. Here, a total of 20 cultivated and 10 wild apples were genotyped using specific‐locus amplified fragment sequencing, and 39,635 single nucleotide polymorphisms with no missing genotypes and evenly distributed along the genome were selected to investigate patterns of genome‐wide genetic variations between cultivated and wild apples. Overall, wild apples displayed higher levels of genetic diversity than cultivated apples. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) decays were observed quite rapidly in cultivated and wild apples, with an r2‐value below 0.2 at 440 and 280 bp, respectively. Moreover, bidirectional gene flow and different distribution patterns of LD blocks were detected between domesticated and wild apples. Most LD blocks unique to cultivated apples were located within QTL regions controlling fruit quality, thus suggesting that fruit quality had probably undergone selection during apple domestication. The genome of the earliest cultivated apple in China, Nai, was highly similar to that of Malus sieversii, and contained a small portion of genetic material from other wild apple species. This suggested that introgression could have been an important driving force during initial domestication of apple. These findings will facilitate future breeding and genetic dissection of complex traits in apple.
What are the evolutionary origins of stomatal responses to abscisic acid in land plants?
Authors: Sussmilch Frances C. , Brodribb Timothy J. , McAdam Scott A. M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe evolution of active stomatal closure in response to leaf water deficit, mediated by the hormone abscisic acid (ABA), has been the subject of recent debate. Two different models for the timing of the evolution of this response recur in the literature. A single‐step model for stomatal control suggests that stomata evolved active, ABA‐mediated control of stomatal aperture, when these structures first appeared, prior to the divergence of bryophyte and vascular plant lineages. In contrast, a gradualistic model for stomatal control proposes that the most basal vascular plant stomata responded passively to changes in leaf water status. This model suggests that active ABA‐driven mechanisms for stomatal responses to water status instead evolved after the divergence of seed plants, culminating in the complex, ABA‐mediated responses observed in modern angiosperms. Here we review the findings that form the basis for these two models, including recent work that provides critical molecular insights into resolving this intriguing debate, and find strong evidence to support a gradualistic model for stomatal evolution.
UNCERTAINTY AND DENSITY FORECASTS OF ARMA MODELS: COMPARISON OF ASYMPTOTIC, BAYESIAN, AND BOOTSTRAP PROCEDURES
Authors: Mazzeu João Henrique Gonçalves , Ruiz Esther , Veiga Helena 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of uncertainty on density forecasts of stationary linear univariate ARMA models. We consider three specific sources of uncertainty: parameter estimation, error distribution, and lag order. Depending on the estimation sample size and the forecast horizon, each of these sources may have different effects. We consider asymptotic, Bayesian, and bootstrap procedures proposed to deal with uncertainty and compare their finite sample properties. The results are illustrated constructing fan charts for UK inflation.
The Reciprocity of Prosocial Behavior and Positive Affect in Daily Life
Authors: Snippe Evelien , Jeronimus Bertus F. , aan het Rot Marije , Bos Elisabeth H. , de Jonge Peter , Wichers Marieke 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether prosocial behaviors help sustain a positive mood, we tested the dynamic reciprocal associations between prosocial behavior and positive affect (PA) in daily life. A second aim was to examine whether the personality traits Neuroticism and Extraversion moderate these associations.MethodThe study included a community sample (N = 553). Participants completed an electronic diary assessing prosocial behavior and PA three times a day over 30 days. A subsample of 322 participants filled out the NEO Five‐Factor Inventory to assess Neuroticism and Extraversion. Multilevel autoregressive models were performed to examine the within‐person bidirectional associations between prosocial behavior and PA and possible moderation by Neuroticism and Extraversion.ResultsWithin individuals, more PA was followed by more prosocial behavior at the next assessment, and more prosocial behavior was followed by more PA. The effect of prosocial behavior on PA was stronger for individuals high on Neuroticism. Extraversion did not moderate the associations under study.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that prosocial behavior and PA reinforce each other in daily life. Prosocial behavior seems most beneficial for individuals high on Neuroticism.
Melatonin ameliorates alcohol‐induced bile acid synthesis by enhancing miR‐497 expression
Authors: Kim Yong Deuk , Hwang Seung‐Lark , Lee Eun‐Joo , Kim Hyeong‐Mi , Chung Myung‐Jin , Elfadl Ahmed K. , Lee Sung‐Eun , Nedumaran Balachandar , Harris Robert A. , Jeong Kyu‐Shik 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAlcoholic liver disease is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) is involved in a diverse metabolic diseases. B‐cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) and yin yang 1 (YY1) are a potent regulator of biological conditions. Melatonin plays a crucial role in regulating diverse physiological functions and metabolic homeostasis. MicroRNAs are key regulators of various biological processes. Herein, we demonstrate that melatonin improves bile acid synthesis in the liver of alcohol‐fed mice by controlling miR‐497 expression. The level of bile acid and the expression of Cb1r, Btg2, Yy1, and bile acid synthetic enzymes were significantly elevated in the livers of Lieber‐DeCarli alcohol‐fed mice. The overexpression of Btg2 enhanced Yy1 gene expression and bile acid production, whereas disrupting the CB1R‐BTG2‐YY1 cascade protected against the bile acid synthesis caused by alcohol challenge. We identified an alcohol‐mediated YY1 binding site on the cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) gene promoter using promoter deletion analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Notably, melatonin attenuated the alcohol‐stimulated induction of Btg2, Yy1 mRNA levels and bile acid production by promoting miR‐497. Overexpression of a miR‐497 mimic dramatically diminished the increase of Btg2 and Yy1 gene expression as well as bile acid production by alcohol, whereas this phenomenon was reversed by miR‐497 inhibitor. These results demonstrate that the upregulation of miR‐497 by melatonin represses alcohol‐induced bile acid synthesis by attenuating the BTG2‐YY1 signaling pathway. The melatonin–miR497 signaling network may provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of hepatic metabolic dysfunction caused by the alcohol‐dependent pathway.
Parent perceptions of health promotion for school‐age children with spina bifida
Authors: Luther Brenda L. , Christian Becky J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPurposeTo gain insight into how parents develop their beliefs of health promotion for their children with spina bifida (SB) and how they develop and promote health promotion practices for their children.DesignQualitative, exploratory design with semi‐structured interviews of parents of children between 6 and 12 years of age diagnosed with SB was used for this study.ResultsPerceptions of health promotion weremaintaining healthy bowel functionandmanaging SB care. Good bowel function and SB management is health promotion and adequate bowel function is viewed as amarker of health. Maintaining healthy bowel function was identified by parents as the key marker of health for their children with SB. Further, the termhealth promotionbrought up plans, concerns, and goals more related to their child's physiologic functioning and health care needs rather than promoting health and avoiding preventable disease.Practice ImplicationsNurses and healthcare providers are in unique and powerful positions for strategizing with parents on how to integrate health promotion into the lives of children with SB. Team‐based, whole‐person, holistic assessment and teaching inclusive of promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors in addition to providing excellent care related to their physiologic systems affected by SB can improve how we promote health for these children.
Sleep and its associations with perceived and objective cognitive impairment in individuals with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Hughes Abbey J. , Parmenter Brett A. , Haselkorn Jodie K. , Lovera Jesus F. , Bourdette Dennis , Boudreau Eilis , Cameron Michelle H. , Turner Aaron P. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryProblems with sleep and cognitive impairment are common among people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The present study examined the relationship between self‐reported sleep and both objective and perceived cognitive impairment inMS. Data were obtained from the baseline assessment of a multi‐centre intervention trial (NCT00841321). Participants were 121 individuals withMS. Nearly half (49%) of participants met the criteria for objective cognitive impairment; however, cognitively impaired and unimpaired participants did not differ on any self‐reported sleep measures. Nearly two‐thirds (65%) of participants met the criteria for ‘poor’ sleep, and poorer sleep was significantly associated with greater levels of perceived cognitive impairment. Moreover, the relationships between self‐reported sleep and perceived cognitive impairment were significant beyond the influence of clinical and demographic factors known to influence sleep and cognitive functioning (e.g. age, sex, education level, disability severity, type ofMS, disease duration, depression and fatigue). However, self‐reported sleep was not associated with any measures of objective cognitive impairment. Among different types of perceived cognitive impairment, poor self‐reported sleep was most commonly related to worse perceived executive function (e.g. planning/organization) and prospective memory. Results from the present study emphasize that self‐reported sleep is significantly and independently related to perceived cognitive impairment inMS. In terms of clinical implications, interventions focused on improving sleep may help improve perceived cognitive function and quality of life in this population; however, the impact of improved sleep on objective cognitive function requires further investigation.
Trajectories of sleep and cardiac sympathetic activity indexed by pre‐ejection period in childhood
Authors: El‐Sheikh Mona , Hinnant J. Benjamin , Philbrook Lauren E. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryFragmented and insufficient sleep has been implicated in disrupted autonomic nervous system activity during resting state conditions in typically developing children. Towards explication of these relations over development, the current study tested reciprocal relations between the development of sleep parameters (efficiency, duration, latency) and cardiac sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity indexed by pre‐ejection period (PEP) during waking–resting state conditions throughout middle and late childhood. Whether sleep derives changes in PEP or vice versa was examined. A longitudinal design was employed and latent growth modelling was used to examine the research questions. During the first assessment, 282 children aged 9.44 years (65% European American, 35% African American) participated. Two more assessments followed, with a 1‐year lag between consecutive study waves. Sleep was examined with 7 nights of actigraphy in the child's home. Controlling for many potential confounds (sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index and family socioeconomic status), higher sleep efficiency and more sleep minutes predicted increases in PEP (less SNS activity) over 3 years. PEP did not predict changes in sleep efficiency or duration over time and there were no significant effects for sleep latency. Findings highlight the probable direction of effects between these two key bioregulatory systems. High levels of cardiac SNS activity are associated with many negative health outcomes, and thus these findings may have important implications.