bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergence and evolution of mosaic penA-60 and penA-237 alleles in a Neisseria gonorrhoeae core genogroup that was historically susceptible to extended spectrum cephalosporins
Authors: Thomas IV Jesse C. , Cartee John C. , Hebrank Katherine , St. Cyr Sancta B. , Schlanger Karen , Raphael Brian H. , Kersh Ellen N. , Joseph Sandeep J. 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionNeisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) has successively developed resistance to all previously recommended antimicrobial therapies, with ceftriaxone being the last option for monotherapy of gonorrhea. Global emergence and international spread of the FC428 clone derived mosaic penA-60 allele, associated with highlevel ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in non FC428 clone Ng lineages, has become an increasing concern. The penA-60 allele carrying Ng was first identified in the U.S. in Las Vegas, Nevada (2019; GCWGS-102723), with a multi-locus sequence type (MLST)-1901 strain, in a non FC428 clone Ng lineage, which is associated with a historically ceftriaxone susceptible core genogroup. Later in 2022, an allele genetically similar to penA-60, mosaic penA-237, was identified in the UK (H22-722) and France (F92) with high-level ceftriaxone MICs and both belonged to MLST-1901.MethodsIn this study, we assessed phylogenomic relatedness and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinant profiles of these three isolates with high-level ceftriaxone MICs among a global collection of 2,104 genomes belonging to the MLST-1901 core genome cluster group 31, which includes strains separated by a locus threshold of 200 or fewer differences (Ng_cgc_200). Recombination events in and around the penA coding region were catalogued and potential sources of inter species recombinant DNA were also inferred.ResultsThe global population structure of MLST-1901 core genogroup falls into 4 major lineages. Isolates GCWGS-10723, F92, and H22-722 clustered within Lineage 1, which was dominated by non-mosaic penA-5 alleles. These three isolates formed a clade within Lineage 1 that consisted of isolates from North America and southeast Asia. Neisseria subflava and Neisseria sicca were identified as likely progenitors of two independent recombination events that may have led to the generation of mosaic penA-60 and penA-237, within a possible non-mosaic penA-5 background.DiscussionsOur study suggests that there are multiple evolutionary pathways that could generate concerning mosaic penA alleles via homologous recombination of historically susceptible Ng lineages with Neisseria commensals. Enhanced surveillance of gonococcal strains and Neisseria commensals is crucial for understanding of the evolution of AMR, particularly in less-studied regions (e.g., Asia), where high-level ceftriaxone MICs and multi-drug resistance are more prevalent.
Sequence analysis of the GP5 protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Vietnam from 2007 to 2023
Authors: Li Gan , Li Yilong , He Cuihua , Liu Xiyu , Lv Chen , Liu Kexin , Yu Xingang , Zhao Mengmeng 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the causative agent 13 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), which is one of the most economically 14 devastating viruses in the Vietnamese swine industry.MethodsWith a view toward determining the 15 genetic variation among PRRSV strains in Vietnam, we examined 271 PRRSV GP5 protein 16 sequences obtained from strains isolated in Vietnam from 2007 to 2023, for which we constructed 17 phylogenetic trees. Additionally, a collection of 52 PRRSV-1 strains and 80 PRRSV-2 strains 18 isolated in different years were specifically selected for nucleotide and amino acid homology analysis 19 and amino acid sequence alignment.ResultsThe results revealed 76.1%–100.0% nucleotide and 20 75.2%–100.0% amino acid homologies for the PRRSV-1 GP5 gene, and 81.8%–100.0% nucleotide 21 and 81.1%–100.0% amino acid homologies for the PRRSV-2 GP5 gene. Amino acid mutation sites 22 in PRRSV-2 were found to be primarily distributed in the signal peptide region, antigenic sites, two 23 T-cell antigen regions, two highly variable regions (HVRs), and in the vicinity of the neutralizing 24 epitope, with a deletion mutation occurring in the neutralizing epitope, whereas amino acid mutations 25 in the PRRSV-1 sequences were found to occur predominantly in two T-cell epitopes. Genetic 26 analysis revealed that PRRSV-1 strains in Vietnam are of subtype 1 (Global), whereas PRRSV-2 27 strains are categorized into sublineages L1A, L5A, and L8E, with L8E being the predominantly 28 prevalent strain at present. Recombination analyses indicated that no significant recombination 29 events have occurred in any of the assessed 271 Vietnamese PRRSV strains.DiscussionOur 30 analyses of 271 Vietnamese PRRSV strains have yielded valuable insights regarding the 31 epidemiological trends and genetic dynamics of PRRSV in Vietnam, and will provide a theoretical 32 basis for formulating prevention and control measures for PRRS and the development of PRRS 33 vaccines.
Profiling genetic variants in cardiovascular disease genes among a Heterogeneous cohort of Mendelian conditions patients and electronic health records
Authors: Akawi Nadia , Al Mansoori Ghadeera , Al Zaabi Anwar , Badics Andrea , Al Dhaheri Noura , Al Shamsi Aisha , Al Tenaiji Amal , Alzohily Bashar , Almesmari Fatmah S. A. , Al Hammadi Hamad , Al Dhahouri Nahid , Irshaid Manal , Kizhakkedath Praseetha , Al Shibli Fatema , Tabouni Mohammed , Allam Mushal , Baydoun Ibrahim , Alblooshi Hiba , Ali Bassam R. , Foo Roger S. , Al Jasmi Fatma 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThis study addresses the rising cardiovascular disease (CVD) rates in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) by investigating the occurrence and impact of genetic variants in CVD-related genes.MethodsWe collected all genes linked to heritable CVD from public and diagnostic databases and mapped them to their corresponding biological processes and molecular pathways. We then evaluated the types and burden of genetic variants within these genes in 343 individuals from the Emirati Mendelian Study Cohort and 3,007 national electronic health records.ResultsWe identified a total of 735 genes associated with heritable CVD, covering a range of cardiovascular conditions. Enrichment analysis revealed key biological processes and pathways, including Apelin, FoxO, and Ras signaling, that are implicated across all forms of heritable CVD. Analysis of a UAE cohort of 3,350 individuals showed a predominance of rare and unique CVD variants specific to the population. The study found a significant burden of pathogenic variants in families with CVD within the Emirati Mendelian cohort and re-assessed the pathogenicity of 693 variants from national health records, leading to the discovery of new CVD-causing variants.DiscussionThis study underscores the importance of continuously updating our understanding of genes and pathways related to CVD. It also highlights the significant underrepresentation of the UAE population in public databases and clinical literature on CVD genetics, offering valuable insights that can inform future research and intervention strategies.
Coumarin-chalcone derivatives as dual NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors targeting oxidative stress and inflammation in neurotoxin-induced HMC3 and BE(2)-M17 cell models of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Lin Te-Hsien , Chiu Ya-Jen , Lin Chih-Hsin , Chen Yi-Ru , Lin Wenwei , Wu Yih-Ru , Chang Kuo-Hsuan , Chen Chiung-Mei , Lee-Chen Guey-Jen 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundIn Parkinson's disease (PD) brains, microglia are activated to release inflammatory factors to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neuron, and vice versa. Moreover, neuroinflammation and its synergistic interaction with oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of PD.MethodsIn this study, we investigated whether in-house synthetic coumarin-chalcone derivatives protect human microglia HMC3 and neuroblastoma BE(2)-M17 cells against 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (MPP+)-induced neuroinflammation and associated neuronal damage.ResultsTreatment with MPP+ decreased cell viability as well as increased the release of inflammatory mediators including cytokines and nitric oxide in culture medium, and enhanced expression of microglial activation markers CD68 and MHCII in HMC3 cells. The protein levels of NLRP3, CASP1, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were also increased in MPP+-stimulated HMC3 cells. Among the four tested compounds, LM-016, LM-021, and LM-036 at 10 μM counteracted the inflammatory action of MPP+ in HMC3 cells. In addition, LM-021 and LM-036 increased cell viability, reduced lactate dehydrogenase release, ameliorated cellular ROS production, decreased caspase-1, caspase-3 and caspase-6 activities, and promoted neurite outgrowth in MPP+-treated BE(2)-M17 cells. These protective effects were mediated by down-regulating inflammatory NLRP1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, as well as up-regulating antioxidative NRF2, NQO1, GCLC, and PGC-1α, and neuroprotective CREB, BDNF, and BCL2.ConclusionThe study results strengthen the involvement of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in PD pathogenic mechanisms, and indicate the potential use of LM-021 and LM-036 as dual inflammasome inhibitors in treating both NLRP1- and NLRP3-associated PD.
An unusual pattern of endometrial involvement: superficial spreading squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix
Authors: Jiang Xiaolin , Han Zhirong , Chun Zhiping , Wen Bingyang , Chen Tingan 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundCervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of cervical carcinoma. Usually, the cancer metastasizes through lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination. However, it is uncommon for a superficial spreading of cervical cancer to reach the endometrium, fallopian tubes, and the ovaries.ObjectivesIn the present study, we report 15 cases of superficial spreading SCC and discuss the possible mechanism involved.MethodsWe collected 15 samples diagnosed by histopathology after surgery. Immunostaining, which included P16, P63, CD138, CD34, D2-40, and Ki-67, were performed for all samples.ResultsAll patients were postmenopausal or perimenopausal women. The commonest clinical presentation was vaginal bleeding in 66.67%. All patients were infected with HPV 16. The endometrium was replaced by high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), which involved the endometrial gland, even squeezing into the myometrium and forming SCC. Bilateral fallopian tubes and ovaries involvement was in 1/15. A total of 10/15 (66.67%) of the women had disease of stage 1B or less. All SCCs were moderately or poorly differentiated. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were positive for P63 and P16, with a high Ki-67 labeling index. There was CD138 positive expression in varying degrees, which was strongly and diffusely expressed in 6/15 (40.00%).ConclusionSuperficial spread of cervical cancer towards the endometrium is a rare but cognizable phenomenon, and a guideline for the management of these cases has not been established. Our present findings suggest that multiple factors may interact with each other simultaneously, contributing to this rare disease.
The prognostic values of lymph node ratio for gynecological cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Mengmeng , Wang Yisi , Chen Yali , Han Ling , Zheng Ai 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the lymph node ratio (LNR) and the prognostic values of gynecological cancer.Materials and methodsPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Central Cochrane Library were used to search for studies on LNR and gynecological cancer published before 18 April 2024. The effect measure for meta-analysis of primary outcomes was the hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Pooled HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random- or fixed-effects models. Sensitivity analysis was applied to evaluate the robustness of the results. The I2 statistic was used to measure heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were chosen to illustrate the potential heterogeneity of the risk factors for outcomes. Publication bias was assessed using Egger’s test and Begg’s funnel plots.ResultsA total of 34 studies with 23,202 cases were included in this meta-analysis. A meta-analysis found that higher LNR was associated with worse OS (HR = 2.42, 95% CI: 2.07–2.83; I2 = 77.4%, p &lt; 0.05), PFS (HR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.66-2.32; I2 = 0.00%, p &gt; 0.05), and DFS (HR = 3.18, 95% CI: 2.12–4.76; I2 = 64.3%, p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, meta-analysis revealed significant differences in the association between LNR and OS of cervical cancer (CC) (HR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.94–3.31; I2 = 72.6%, p &lt; 0.05), ovarian cancer (OC) (HR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.66–2.54; I2 = 76.7%, p &lt; 0.05), endometrial cancer (EC) (HR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.48–3.16; I2 = 53.6%, p &lt; 0.05), and vulvar cancer (VC) (HR = 8.13, 95% CI: 3.41–19.43; I2 = 57.2%, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionWe observed a clear association between higher LNR and poorer prognosis in our study of patients with gynecological cancer. Further prospective studies are warranted to determine the optimal LNR and whether LNR can guide adjuvant therapy use in gynecological cancer. It is essential to conduct further prospective studies to establish the optimal LNR threshold, determine the minimum threshold of lymph node removal, and investigate whether LNR can serve as a reliable marker for guiding adjuvant therapy choices in gynecological cancer.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails, CRD42024541187.
Remotely engaged—The role of job crafting in the change of employees' engagement after an abrupt transition to remote work
Authors: Birman Noa Ariel , Katz-Navon Tal , Vashdi Dana , Hofstetter Hila 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionMany employees perceived the move to remote work due to the COVID-19 pandemic as an abrupt organizational change. While research on work engagement has examined this construct in different contexts, it is unclear what may happen to work engagement in such an extreme context and over the course of time. In the current study, we examined the relationship between time and employees' work engagement after an abrupt change as well as the way job crafting interacts with this relationship. We hypothesized that a pre-transition high level of approach crafting strategies will have a negative effect, harming employees' ability to maintain their engagement over time, while a pre-transition high level of avoidance crafting strategies will actually have a mitigating effect, weakening the decrease in engagement.MaterialsWe used a three-wave longitudinal study design, collecting data during the first 3 months of the pandemic. The sample included employees from different organizations across the U.S randomly recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk. We utilized a multilevel repeated measures approach to analyze the data.ResultsResults supported our first hypothesis, demonstrating a negative relationship between time and engagement such that engagement declined over time. Our second hypothesis was partially supported, showing that the job crafting strategy of increasing challenging demands moderated the relationship between time and engagement, such that for employees that job craft by increasing their challenging demands, at the onset of the transition, the decrease in work engagement over time was more substantial. We did not find support for our hypothesis regarding the positive effect of avoidance crafting strategies on the decrease in work engagement.DiscussionOur findings suggest that the tendency to job craft by pursuing more challenging demands at the onset of the pandemic, as an approach strategy of job crafting, gives employees an unnecessary added workload that requires the use of more resources. Over time, this extra load, depletes resource reservoirs and prohibits remaining engaged over time. In contrast, other types of approach crafting strategies seem to have no such harmful effect. Our findings highlight the importance of context, suggesting that under specifics conditions some job crafting strategies may be more energy draining than others.
Development of an evaluation system for rational drug use in patients with chronic kidney disease using the Delphi method
Authors: Yao Wenjie , Ye Xiaolan , Zhang Guobing , Ren Yan , Gao Qilong , Ren Xinfeng , Liu Yao , Huang Ping , Zheng Jianlan 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3-4 present a significant clinical challenge due to the absence of a systematic approach to managing associated medication-related problems (MRPs). This lack of a structured framework hinders the timely identification and effective intervention for these complications, potentially compromising patient safety and prognosis.ObjectiveThis study aims to leverage the Delphi method to establish an evaluation index for a rational drug use evaluation system dedicated to CKD patients in stages 3-4. This system will function as a platform for the continuous identification and management of MRPs, ultimately contributing to improved medication safety and patient outcomes.MethodsThis research uses the modified Delphi technique to develop an evaluation system for rational drug use in patients with chronic kidney disease. The initial questionnaire was developed by literature review for patients with chronic kidney disease. Twenty-six senior experts formed a panel in order to evaluate items across two Delphi rounds. Consensus was defined as at least 95% agreement (first round) and 85% agreement (second round), agreeing with an average score of at least 4.5 (first round) and 4.0 (second round). Items that fulfill the stipulated criteria are eligible for inclusion in the consensus list.ResultsAll experts participated in both rounds (100% response rate). Consensus was achieved on three patient-related items in the first round of 34 items. Based on expert feedback, 18 revised items were included in the second round after refining, restructuring, and removing some elements. Following two rounds of consultation, 20 items achieved consensus, encompassing aspects such as drug selection, dosage assessment, treatment duration, prescription and dispensing practices, patient-related factors, and other relevant considerations.ConclusionThis study has successfully identified 20 key evaluation indicators for a rational drug use evaluation system specifically designed for CKD patients in stages 3 and 4. This system will serve as a tool for continuous MRP identification and timely intervention, ultimately enhancing medication safety and patient prognosis.
Toward self-regulated learning: effects of different types of data-driven feedback on pupils’ mathematics word problem-solving performance
Authors: Huang Jun , Cai Yining , Lv Ziying , Huang Yuanbo , Zheng Xiao-Li 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionMathematical word problems refer to word problems where the information that is presented needs to be integrated, typically into a mathematical formula, to arrive at a solution to the problem. When solving mathematics word problems, elementary school students often have difficulties improving their performance due to a lack of self-regulated learning (SRL). However, SRL can be developed by adopting an appropriate teaching approach which offers quantitative feedback or learning prompts. With the sophistication of interactive and data-driven feedback technology, it is possible to provide timely and personalized strategies for promoting students’ SRL.MethodsIn this study, an interactive e-book editing platform was used to design self-regulation-level-based feedback(SRLF) and task-level-based feedback(TLF) teaching models, which were respectively conducted in two similar fifth-grade classes for the mathematics word problem solving lessons.ResultsUsing ANCOVA and repeated ANOVA, this study found that (1) the SRLF had a remarkably greater impact on elementary school students’ mathematics word problem-solving performance than the TLF, with a partial η2-value of .107; (2) In the short period of time, there was no significant difference between the two kinds of feedback on the learners’ SRL. The TLF was slightly superior to the SRLF, especially in terms of total self-regulated learning scores and cognitive strategies; (3) The TLF had a significant interaction effect on self-regulated learning and cognitive strategies, respectively with a partial η2-value of .059 and .056.
Fuel-Efficient and Fault-Tolerant CubeSat Orbit Correction via Machine Learning-Based Adaptive Control
Authors: Ramezani Mahya , Alandihallaj Mohammadamin , Hein Andreas M. 
Published: October 2024

The increasing deployment of CubeSats in space missions necessitates the development of efficient and reliable orbital maneuvering techniques, particularly given the constraints on fuel capacity and computational resources. This paper presents a novel two-level control architecture designed to enhance the accuracy and robustness of CubeSat orbital maneuvers. The proposed method integrates a J2-optimized sequence at the high level to leverage natural perturbative effects for fuel-efficient orbit corrections, with a gated recurrent unit (GRU)-based low-level controller that dynamically adjusts the maneuver sequence in real-time to account for unmodeled dynamics and external disturbances. A Kalman filter is employed to estimate the pointing accuracy, which represents the uncertainties in the thrust direction, enabling the GRU to compensate for these uncertainties and ensure precise maneuver execution. This integrated approach significantly enhances both the positional accuracy and fuel efficiency of CubeSat maneuvers. Unlike traditional methods, which either rely on extensive pre-mission planning or computationally expensive control algorithms, our architecture efficiently balances fuel consumption with real-time adaptability, making it well-suited for the resource constraints of CubeSat platforms. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated through a series of simulations, including an orbit correction scenario and a Monte Carlo analysis. The results demonstrate that the integrated J2-GRU system significantly improves positional accuracy and reduces fuel consumption compared to traditional methods. Even under conditions of high uncertainty, the GRU-based control layer effectively compensates for errors in thrust direction, maintaining a low miss distance throughout the maneuvering period. Additionally, the GRU’s simpler architecture provides computational advantages over more complex models such as long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, making it more suitable for onboard CubeSat implementations.