bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified brow suspension technique for the treatment of pseudoptosis due to redundant frontal skin in the dog: a retrospective study of 25 cases
Authors: Cairó Martí , Leiva Marta , Costa Daniel , Peña Maria Teresa 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPurposeTo describe the outcome of modified brow suspension technique for the treatment of upper eyelid pseudoptosis in canine patients with redundant frontal skin folds.MethodsMedical records from 1999 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Only dogs that underwent modified brow suspension for treating bilateral pseudoptosis were included in the study. Recorded data included breed, age, gender, main ophthalmic complaint, ocular findings, suture material used for brow suspension, number of slings placed, postoperative treatment, complications, follow‐up time, and outcome.ResultsTwenty‐five adult dogs of different gender and breed fulfilled the inclusion criteria, with the Shar‐Pei being overrepresented (19/25;76%). The main complaint at first presentation was mucopurulent discharge (10/25;40%) and blepharospasm (10/25;40%). Concurrent corneal disease was diagnosed in 47 eyes (47/50;94%). Monofilament polyamide was the most frequently used suture material (46/50;92%). Number of slings placed varied, with one in two eyes (4%), two in 28 eyes (56%), three in 17 eyes (34%), and four in three eyes (6%). Complications were seen in three eyes (6%): suture rupture (one eye; 2%) and skin abscess (two eyes; 4%). Mean follow‐up time was 17.6 months (1–84 months), with no cases of fold dermatitis or dermatologic disease observed within this period. Good esthetic and functional outcomes were obtained in 47 eyes at first intervention (97%) and in all patients after re‐intervention.ConclusionsThe modified brow suspension technique described offers a surgical alternative for dogs with pseudoptosis secondary to redundant frontal skin folds that potentially reduces anesthetic time and facial changes.
Information Trading en términos de cognición funcional de los corredores: un estudio exploratorio experimental de un solo participante
Authors: Laskov-Peled Ronit , Wolf Yuval 
Published: April 2017

Information trading (henceforth IT) is a criminal offense in the vicinity of mega stock markets. It gives an unfair and illegal advantage to the buyer of related information. The national and global damage caused by this sort of delinquency is immense, in a yearly scale of trillions. On top of the applied importance of such offenses, they pose
a meaningful theoretical and empirical challenge. The present proposal offers an attempt to exemplify the viability of the Functional Theory of Cognition and the methodological counterpart of the theory, Functional Measurement, as a means to establish a basis for related profiling attempts in terms of the functional way IT is coded in the beholders’ (i.e., senior brokers) cognitive system. An exemplary single-participant functional measurement is presented along with a demo empirical illustration of the way the distinction between Type A and Type B brokers can contribute to due profiling. Possible future related scientific ventures are pointed at briefly.
Microstructure Stability of a Fine-Grained AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Processed by Constrained Groove Pressing During Isothermal Annealing
Authors: Soon Fong Kai , Jen Tan Ming , Lan Ng Fern , Danno Atsushi , Wah Chua Beng 
Published: April 2017

In this study, an AZ31 magnesium alloy plate was processed by constrained groove pressing (CGP) under three deformation cycles at temperatures from 503 to 448 K. The process resulted in a homogeneous fine grain microstructure with an average grain size of 1.8 μm. The as-processed microstructure contained a high fraction of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGB) of subgrains and dislocation boundaries that remained in the structure due to incomplete dynamic recovery and recrystallization. The material's yield strength was found to have increased from 175 to 242 MPa and with a significant weakening of its initial basal texture. The microstructure stability of the CGP-processed material was further investigated by isothermal annealing at temperature from 473 to 623 K and for different time. Abnormal grain growth was observed at 623 K, and this was associated with an increased in nonbasal grains at the expense of basal grains. The effect of annealing temperature and time on the grain growth kinetics was interpreted by using the grain growth equation, Dn+D0n=kt, and Arrhenius equation, k=k0 exp (−(Q/RT)). The activation energy (Q) was estimated to be 27.8 kJ/mol which was significantly lower than the activation energy for lattice self-diffusion (QL = 135 kJ/mol) and grain boundary diffusion (Qgb = 92 kJ/mol) in pure magnesium. The result shows that grain growth is rapid but average grain size still remained smaller than the as-received material, especially at the shorter annealing time.
DOES INJURY DEFINITION MATTER? THE INFLUENCE OF INJURY DEFINITION ON INTERPRETATIONS OF INJURY RISK IN PRE-PROFESSIONAL BALLET AND CONTEMPORARY DANCERS
Authors: Kenny Sarah , Palacios-Derflingher Luz , Whittaker Jackie , Emery Carolyn 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe influence of injury definition on the interpretation of epidemiological outcomes of injury risk has not been previously evaluated in a dance population.ObjectiveTo determine the influence of injury definition (i.e., time loss, medical attention, all complaints) on the prevalence and rate of musculoskeletal injuries in pre-professional ballet and contemporary dancers.DesignProspective cohort.SettingPre-professional ballet school; university dance program.ParticipantsDancers registered in full-time pre-professional ballet [n=85, 77 females, median (range) age 15 yrs (11–19 yrs)] and contemporary [n=60, 58 females, 19 yrs (17–30 yrs)] training.Main Outcome MeasurementsDancers completed a weekly online questionnaire (modified Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre's Questionnaire on Health Problems) using three definitions for dance-related injuries: (1) time loss (an inability to complete one or more classes, rehearsals or performances one or more days beyond onset); (2) medical attention; and (3) any complaint. Physiotherapists completed injury report forms, capturing dance-related medical attention and time loss injuries. Percent agreement was estimated between injury registration methods. Descriptive statistics [proportions, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)] summarized injury prevalence (IP; seasonal proportion of dancers injured). Injury incidence rates (IIR; number of new injuries/1000 dance exposure hours) were examined for each definition, registration method, and dance style.ResultsDancer questionnaire response rate was 98.99%. Agreement between injury registration methods ranged between 58.82% (time loss) and 72.94% (medical attention). Depending on definition, registration, and dance style, IP varied from 9.41% (95% CI: 4.15, 17.71; time loss) to 82.35% (95% CI: 72.56, 89.77; all complaint), and IIRs spanned 0.09 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.17; time loss) to 4.89 (95% CI: 4.04, 5.74; all complaint) injuries/1000 dance hours.ConclusionsInjuries resulting in time loss and medical attention underestimate the burden of injury in a pre-professional dance population. To understand the full impact of injury on a dance population, it is imperative that registration methodologies consider definitions that capture all injuries.
DOES HIGHER COMPLIANCE TO THE FIFA 11+ INJURY PREVENTION PROGRAM IMPROVE OVERALL INJURY RATE IN MALE SOCCER (FOOTBALL) PLAYERS?
Authors: Silvers-Granelli Holly , Bizzini Mario , Arundale Amy , Mandelbaum Bert , Pohlig Ryan , Snyder-Mackler Lynn 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe FIFA 11+ program can decrease the rate of injury in athletes. Few studies have investigated the role of compliance and if it is correlated to time loss due to injury during a season.Objective(1) Analyze how differences in compliance to the FIFA 11+ (IP) program may impact injury rate and (2) how differences in program compliance may impact time loss due to injury.DesignProspective cohort RCT.SettingDivision I & II Men's Soccer (USA).Patients (or Participants)Sixty-one Division I and II Men's soccer teams were followed over one competitive season. Injury rates and time loss were analyzed. Twenty-seven teams (N=675 players) served as the intervention group (IG) using the FIFA 11+.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)Compliance to the IP program and injuries were collected weekly using a secure internet-based system.Main Outcome MeasurementsCompliance, exposure and injuries were recorded in 27 of 61 male soccer teams.ResultsThere was an overall reduction of injury in the IG by 46.1%; demonstrating the decreased likelihood of being injured (RR =0.54, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.59, p<0.0001, NNT=2.64). Compliance was stratified by utilization consistency: low (LC: 1–19 doses/season), moderate (MC: 20–39 doses/season), or high (HC: >40 doses per season). The average utilization per team was 32.81±12.06 FIFA 11+ sessions. There were 54 injuries in 4 teams reported in the LC group (M=13.5, range 10–19 doses, IR=10.35±2.21), 156 injuries in 14 teams in the MC (M=11.14, range 21–39 doses, IR=8.55±2.46) and 75 injuries in 9 teams in the HC group (M=8.33, range 40–64 doses, IR=6.39±2.71). There was a statistically significant difference reached between compliance and injury rate (p=0.034).ConclusionsWhen compliance to the IP was high, there was a significant reduction in injury and time loss compared to the MC and LC.
THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION ON FORCE OUTPUT AND MUSCLE ACTIVATION DURING THE NORDIC HAMSTRING EXERCISE
Authors: Buhmann Rob , Shield Anthony , Sims Casey 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) is employed to increase eccentric strength and reduce the risk of recurrent hamstring strain injury. Currently, the prescription of the NHE offering most benefit is unknown.ObjectiveTo assess force production, muscle activation and kinematics during two NHE prescriptions. It was hypothesized that a 5*6 repetitions protocol would yield greater average forces, smaller force drops and greater muscle activation per set compared to a 3*10 protocol. Additionally, it was hypothesised that during both protocols, peak muscle activation would occur at shorter muscle lengths than peak force.DesignRandomised cross-over study.SettingRecreationally trained and sub-elite male athletes.ParticipantsThirteen healthy males (age 23±4 years, stature 178±6.5 cm and weight 75±17 kg).InterventionsParticipants performed 3*10 and 5*6 repetitions of the NHE (on separate occasions), 3 minutes rest was given between sets.Main Outcome MeasurementsLoad cells were used to record knee flexor force, electromyography (EMG) was used to measure hamstring activation and a goniometer was used to measure knee flexion angles during each repetition.ResultsAverage force (666.44N during 3*10 vs. 697.95N during 5*6) and force drop per set (−54.48N during 3*10 and −51.73N during 5*6) was not different between protocols. Additionally, normalised biceps femoris (87 vs. 79% of max isometric EMG during 3*10 and 5*6 respectively) and medial hamstring (111 vs. 98% of max isometric EMG during 3*10 and 5*6 respectively) EMG per set was not different between protocols. For both protocols a significant difference between the angle of peak torque and angle of peak biceps femoris EMG was observed (p<.001, mean difference= 15.4, CI=13.6–17.2 degrees).ConclusionsForce output and muscle activation during the NHE is not affected by prescription. Peak activation of the biceps femoris appears to occur at shorter muscle lengths than peak force, suggesting inhibition of this muscle at long lengths.
Multicentre, non-interventional study to assess the profile of patients with uncontrolled rhinitis prescribed a novel formulation of azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate in a single spray in routine clinical practice in the UK
Authors: Scadding Glenis , Price David , El-Shanawany Tariq , Ahmed Shahzada , Ray Jaydip , Sargur Ravishankar , Kumar Nirmal 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveThe aims of this study were (1) to characterise the type of patient prescribed MP-AzeFlu (Dymista, a novel formulation of azelastine hydrochloride, fluticasone propionate and excipients in a single spray) in real life in the UK and physicians' reasons for prescribing it and (2) to quantify the personal and societal burden of allergic rhinitis (AR) in the UK prior to MP-AzeFlu prescription.Design, setting and participantsThis multicentre, non-interventional study enrolled patients (n=193) with moderate-to-severe AR and acute symptoms who were eligible to receive treatment with MP-AzeFlu according to its licensed indications. Information was gathered on patient demographics, AR history and symptom severity, symptomatology and AR treatments in the previous calendar year (prior to MP-AzeFlu prescription). Physicians also recorded the number of previous AR visits, specific reasons for these visits and their reason for prescribing MP-AzeFlu.ResultsMost patients had seasonal AR either alone (10.4%) or in combination with perennial AR (35.2%), but many had AR of unknown origin (35.8%). Prior to MP-AzeFlu prescription, patients reported troublesome symptoms (78.2%) and sleep disturbance (64.8%), with congestion considered the most bothersome (54.4%) and ocular symptoms reported by 68.4% of patients. The most frequent reason for MP-AzeFlu prescription was that other therapies were not sufficient in the past (78.8%) or not sufficient to treat acute symptoms (16.1%). 79.3% of patients reported using ≥2 AR therapies in the past year. An average of 1.6 (SD 1.9) doctor visits due to AR were reported prior to MP-AzeFlu prescription.ConclusionsIn the UK, MP-AzeFlu was prescribed for individuals (≥12 years) with moderate/severe AR irrespective of (1) previous AR treatment (mono or multiple), (2) previous or likely treatment failure, (3) phenotype, (4) number of previous physician visits for AR and (5) for the relief of both acute symptoms and in anticipation of allergen exposure.
Speaking up about traditional and professionalism-related patient safety threats: a national survey of interns and residents
Authors: Martinez William , Lehmann Lisa Soleymani , Thomas Eric J , Etchegaray Jason M , Shelburne Julia T , Hickson Gerald B , Brady Donald W , Schleyer Anneliese M , Best Jennifer A , May Natalie B , Bell Sigall K 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundOpen communication between healthcare professionals about care concerns, also known as ‘speaking up’, is essential to patient safety.ObjectiveCompare interns' and residents' experiences, attitudes and factors associated with speaking up about traditional versus professionalism-related safety threats.DesignAnonymous, cross-sectional survey.SettingSix US academic medical centres, 2013–2014.Participants1800 medical and surgical interns and residents (47% responded).MeasurementsAttitudes about, barriers and facilitators for, and self-reported experience with speaking up. Likelihood of speaking up and the potential for patient harm in two vignettes. Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ) teamwork and safety scales; and Speaking Up Climate for Patient Safety (SUC-Safe) and Speaking Up Climate for Professionalism (SUC-Prof) scales.ResultsRespondents more commonly observed unprofessional behaviour (75%, 628/837) than traditional safety threats (49%, 410/837); p<0.001, but reported speaking up about unprofessional behaviour less commonly (46%, 287/628 vs 71%, 291/410; p<0.001). Respondents more commonly reported fear of conflict as a barrier to speaking up about unprofessional behaviour compared with traditional safety threats (58%, 482/837 vs 42%, 348/837; p<0.001). Respondents were also less likely to speak up to an attending physician in the professionalism vignette than the traditional safety vignette, even when they perceived high potential patient harm (20%, 49/251 vs 71%, 179/251; p<0.001). Positive perceptions of SAQ teamwork climate and SUC-Safe were independently associated with speaking up in the traditional safety vignette (OR 1.90, 99% CI 1.36 to 2.66 and 1.46, 1.02 to 2.09, respectively), while only a positive perception of SUC-Prof was associated with speaking up in the professionalism vignette (1.76, 1.23 to 2.50).ConclusionsInterns and residents commonly observed unprofessional behaviour yet were less likely to speak up about it compared with traditional safety threats even when they perceived high potential patient harm. Measuring SUC-Safe, and particularly SUC-Prof, may fill an existing gap in safety culture assessment.
Characterization of the T-Cell Receptor Repertoire and Immune Microenvironment in Patients with Locoregionally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Saloura Vassiliki , Fatima Aiman , Zewde Makda , Kiyotani Kazuma , Brisson Ryan , Park Jae-Hyun , Ikeda Yuji , Vougiouklakis Theodore , Bao Riyue , Khattri Arun , Seiwert Tanguy , Cipriani Nicole , Lingen Mark , Vokes Everett , Nakamura Yusuke 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Purpose: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is a lethal cancer with a suboptimal 5-year overall survival of approximately 50% with surgery and/or definitive chemoradiotherapy. Novel treatments are thus urgently awaited. Immunotherapy with checkpoint blockade has emerged as a promising option for patients with recurrent/metastatic SCCHN; however, it has not been investigated in the curative-intent setting yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the T-cell receptor repertoire and the tumor microenvironment in tumor tissues of SCCHN patients with locoregionally advanced disease.
Experimental Design: We performed T-cell receptor sequencing of tumor tissues from 44 patients with locoregionally advanced SCCHN prior to treatment with definitive chemoradiotherapy and correlated the T-cell clonality and the mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes with clinicopathologic parameters.
Results: Clonal expansion of T cells was significantly higher in human papilloma virus (HPV)–negative compared with HPV-positive tumors, signifying more robust antigen presentation in HPV-negative tumors. The latter was supported by the higher percentage of HPV-negative tumors expressing HLA-A protein compared with HPV-positive tumors (P = 0.049). Higher GRZB levels correlated significantly with longer recurrence-free survival (log-rank, P = 0.003) independent of tumor size, nodal stage, and HPV status.
Conclusions: Our findings support clonal expansion of T cells in SCCHN patients with locoregionally advanced disease and imply differences in the antigen presentation capacity between HPV-negative and HPV-positive tumors. Elevated GRZB mRNA levels may also serve as a favorable and independent predictor of outcome in SCCHN patients treated with chemoradiotherapy. These data provide rationale for the introduction of immunotherapeutic approaches in the curative-intent setting. Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4897–907. ©2017 AACR.
<b>Traditional home garden agroforestry systems: habitat for conservation of Baya Weaver <I>Ploceus philippinus</I> (Passeriformes: Ploceidae) in Assam, India</b>
Authors: Ulman Yashmita- , Kumar Awadhesh , Sharma Madhubala 
Published: April 2017

The present study was conducted in 18 homegarden agroforestry systems of Assam to assess the role in the conservation of Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus. Observations were made on the type of host trees, location of host trees, their spatial arrangement pattern, height and diameter of host trees chosen for nesting and the number of complete and helmet stage nests. Trail walks were employed for assessing the encounter rates of predators. A total of 2357 individuals of potential host trees for nesting of P. philippinus were found belonging to Areca catechu (2272), Cocos nucifera (56), Phoenix sylvasticus (13) and Borassus flabellifer (16). According to the spatial arrangement pattern of host trees, among 2272 individuals of A. catechu, 96.5% (n=2192) and 3.5% (n=80) of individuals were arranged in block and row pattern respectively. The other three host trees were arranged in single pattern. Among these 80 individuals of A. catechu planted in row pattern, 47.5% (n=38) had nests (complete and helmet stage) on them. In total, 293 nests (both complete and helmet stage) were observed in A. catechu, out of which, 46.1% (n=135) were complete nests. The other three host trees had nests in various stages of development but none of them were completed by P. philippinus. The encounter rates of predators (arboreal mammals) was significantly higher in block patterns (2.56 ± 0.51) as compared to row patterns (0.53 ± 0.17) of host tree spatial arrangement whereas, the encounter rates of reptiles showed no statistical difference among the two patterns of host tree arrangement. Thus, A. catechu planted in row pattern was the most preferred host tree species for nesting by P. philippinus as compared to the other three host tree species. The height and DBH of A. catechu trees having nests varied from seven to 11 m (7.8 ± 1.11) and 10.5–16.5 cm (12.6 ± 1.4) respectively. The homegarden agroforestry systems provided suitable habitat for survival of P. philippinus as this system has ample water sources, feeding grounds, nesting material and host tree sources and conservation attitudes of the homegarden owners, thus, suggesting that homegarden agroforestry system can be a potential site for conservation of P. philippinus in human-modified land use.
<b>First record of a Wrinkle-lipped Free-tailed Bat <I>Chaerephon plicatus</I> Buchannan, 1800 (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Molossidae) colony in Sri Lanka, with notes on echolocation calls and taxonomy</b>
Authors: Kusuminda Tharaka , Yapa Wipula B. 
Published: April 2017

In this paper we report the discovery of a colony of Wrinkle-lipped Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon plicatus for the first time in Sri Lanka, and a record of this species after a lapse of 20 years. C. plicatus has been recorded twice previously, in 1935 and 1997, but a roosting colony has not been recorded before. In May 2016, a colony containing about 300 C. plicatus was observed in a vertical cleft of the rock supporting Sigiriya fortress, a popular historical tourist destination. Four bats were captured during their evening emergence using mist nets. Recording of echolocation calls showed them to be similar to those previously documented for this species in being narrow bandwidth with shallow frequency modulation and low peak frequency (24.9–30.3 kHz), with average call duration of 7.7milliseconds (ms). The forearm length range (45.2–49.1 mm) of captured specimens corresponds to the specimen recorded in 1997 in Sri Lanka and with those recorded in Vietnam and Myanmar. The discovery of a colony of C. plicatus in Sri Lanka provides a basis for future studies of the biology and taxonomy of this species.