bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acculturation strategies and severity of depression among Vietnamese migrants
Authors: Nguyen M.H. , Hahn E. , Burian R. , Dettling M. , Diefenbacher A. , Ta T.M.T. 
Published: June 2017

AimsMigration with its long-term changes and the resulting task to adjust to the new environment has been associated with an increased risk for mental health problems. This study aims to gain further insight on the relationship between the fours acculturations strategies (integration, assimilation, separation, marginalization) and severity of depression.MethodsA total of n = 79 first generation Vietnamese outpatients from a psychiatric outpatient clinic for Vietnamese migrants in Germany were investigated regarding self-reported depressive symptoms (patient health questionnaire-9) and acculturation (Stephenson multigroup acculturation scale; SMAS).ResultsPatients with an integration acculturation strategy reported lower severity of depression compared to marginalized patients, who reported the highest severity of depression.ConclusionThe results implicate that the integration of both the mainstream society and the ethnic society might serve as a resource, whereas the rejection of both societies might increase the risk of depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Prevalence and associated risk factors of psychotic symptoms in homeless people in France
Authors: Tortelli A. , Perquier F. , Le Masson V. , Sauze D. , Skurnik N. , Murray R.M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionHomeless people are more likely to have higher prevalence of psychotic disorders than general population. However, we know less about the prevalence of psychotic symptoms in this group.ObjectivesTo estimate the lifetime and current prevalence of psychotic symptoms and their correlates among homeless people living in the Paris metropolitan area.MethodsWe analysed data from 839 homeless randomly selected for the “Samenta” survey that studied mental health and addiction problems in this population. The mini-international neuropsychiatric interview was used to assess psychotic symptoms. Separate multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the associations of sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, education level and migrant status), early life experiences (sexual abuse, physical and psychological violence, substance use) and psychiatric disorders.ResultsThe lifetime prevalence of psychotic symptoms was 35.4% (95% CI = 28.1–43.5) and the prevalence of current symptoms was 14,0% (95% CI = 9,8–19,6) with no significant difference between migrant and native groups, after exclusion of subjects with a diagnosis of psychotic disorder (n = 145). In multi-adjusted models, childhood sexual abuse was associated with an increased risk of lifetime or current psychotic symptoms (OR > 4, P < 0.05). Early life psychological violence was strongly associated with the risk of lifetime psychotic symptoms in natives (OR = 6.33; 95% CI = 2.10–19.0), whereas alcohol misuse in adolescence was related to lifetime or current psychotic symptoms in migrants (OR = 3.34; 95% CI = 1.20–9.37).ConclusionHomeless people are at higher risk of psychotic symptoms compared to the general population in France. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that childhood abuse is an important risk factor of the psychosis continuum.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Post-traumatic stress disorder screening among Syrian war victims
Authors: Kutluoğlu A. , Ünsalver B.Ö. , Evrensel A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionWar in Syria and related refugee crisis has caught worldwide attention for the past few years. The war is still continuing by the time of the writing of this abstract. War is one of the reasons of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Syrian people experience many traumatic events like witnessing death, torture and rape.AimsThe aim of this research is to screen for PTSD among Syrian war victims.MethodsA total of 150 (women = 52, men = 98) war victims between 18–65 years, inhabiting a Syrian camp near the Turkish border were screened with trauma response checklist for PTSD between March 11 and April 11 2015.ResultsSignificant amount of the interviewed participants were found to show symptoms of PTSD. Seventy-six percent (n = 114) of the participants had experienced a traumatic event. In total, 80.6% (n = 121) were experiencing distress. Seventy-eight percent (n = 117) had avoidance. Eighty-four percent (n = 126) had negative interfering thoughts. Eighty-eight percent (n = 132) were experiencing trauma associated disturbance. Answers from 78.6% (n = 118) of the participants indicated that they should be further referred to a specialist. The findings were not affected by gender or age.ConclusionWe have found that most of the participants showed signs of PTSD. Our findings highlight the psychological impact of war on Syrian people. A definite diagnosis of PTSD can be made with detailed psychiatric examination, however given the amount of victims and available staff a brief screening instrument may help identify potential cases to be further evaluated. PTSD has life-long consequences and trauma can be passed through generations. International support for war victims should include psychological support and interventions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Brain anatomy of symptom stratification in schizophrenia: A voxel based morphometry study
Authors: Delvecchio G. , Lorandi A. , Perilini C. , Barillari M. , Ruggeri M. , Altamura A.C. , Bellani M. , Brambilla P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAlthough some magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have investigated the existence of a relationship between clinical severity and neuroanatomical alterations in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), the biological signature associated with illness severity in schizophrenia is still uncertain.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate structural brain abnormalities in SCZ with particular regards to the identification of potential deficits associated to the severity of illness.Methods1.5 T MRI data were acquired for 61 subjects with SCZ and 59 matched healthy controls (HC). The patient group was divided in two subgroups based on clinical severity, one composed by 34 mild-to-moderately ill patients and the other one by 27 severely ill patients, and compared with matched HC.ResultsThe whole group of patients with SCZ had significantly reduced gray matter (GM) volumes in left inferior and middle temporal gyrus compared to HC (P < 0.05, pFWE corrected). Furthermore, compared to HC, patients with mild-to-moderate illness showed decreased GM volumes in inferior temporal gyrus (P < 0.05, pFWE corrected) whereas those with severe illness had reduced right cerebellum (P < 0.05, cFWE corrected). No differences were observed between the two subgroups of patients.ConclusionsOur results showed significant GM volume reductions in left inferior and middle temporal gyrus in patients with SCZ compared to matched HC, confirming the role of this region in the pathophysiology of SCZ. Furthermore, we identified specific cerebellar gray matter volume reductions in patients with severe illness, which may contribute to stratify patients with SCZ according to their clinical phenotype expression, ultimately helping in guiding targeted therapeutic/rehabilitation interventions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Altered functional connectivity in default mode network in Internet gaming disorder with childhood ADHD
Authors: Jung Y.C. , Namkoong K. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveInternet gaming disorder (IGD) is a type of behavioral addiction characterized by abnormal executive control, leading to loss of control over excessive gaming. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common comorbid disorders in IGD, involving delayed development of the executive control system, which could predispose individuals to gaming addiction. We investigated the influence of childhood ADHD on neural network features of IGD.MethodsResting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis was performed on 44 young, male IGD subjects with and without childhood ADHD and 19 age-matched, healthy male controls. Posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)-seeded connectivity was evaluated to assess abnormalities in default mode network (DMN) connectivity, which is associated with deficits in executive control.ResultsIGD subjects without childhood ADHD showed expanded functional connectivity (FC) between DMN-related regions (PCC, medial prefrontal cortex, thalamus) compared with controls. These subjects also exhibited expanded FC between the PCC and brain regions implicated in salience processing (anterior insula, orbitofrontal cortex) compared with IGD subjects with childhood ADHD. IGD subjects with childhood ADHD showed expanded FC between the PCC and cerebellum (crus II), a region involved in executive control. The strength of connectivity between the PCC and cerebellum (crus II) was positively correlated with self-reporting scales reflecting impulsiveness.ConclusionIndividuals with IGD showed altered PCC-based FC, the characteristics of which might be dependent upon history of childhood ADHD. Our findings suggest that altered neural networks for executive control in ADHD would be a predisposition for developing IGD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The relationship between grief process and attachment styles in the cases with the treatment of complicated grief: A prospective study
Authors: Caglar Nazali H.P. , Yildirim E.A. 
Published: June 2017

The attachment style is one of the significant factors affecting the grief process and complicated grief. This study aims to research the relation between the factors determining the sociodemographic features, the reactions of grief, the suicidal behaviour and the grief process on the patients who are followed and treated with the complicated grief diagnosis and the features of attachment. The study includes 45 patients directed to a therapy unit and meet the criterions of complicated grief diagnosis. 33 of those patients have completed their treatment. Sociodemographic and clinical data form applied to the patients at the beginning, to evaluate for comorbid psychiatric disorders structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders, adult attachment style questionnaire (AASQ), grief scale, hamilton rating scale for depression (HDRS), suicide behaviors questionnaire (SBQ), suicide probability scale (SPS), experiences in close relationships inventory (ECRI) are applied on the participants and compared the results of the scales prior to and following the treatment. In the dimensional evaluation of attachment, ECRI avoidance score is high over the patients diagnosed with comorbid psychiatric disorders with complicated grief. During the first application of the treatment, while evaluating the attachment categorically, in the complicated grief patients attached with avoidance grief scale, behavioural base scale and SPS negative self base scale are higher compared to the group whose HDRS scores attached with secure. The results show that in complicated grief cases the avoidance attachment is both dimensionally and categorically related with the strength of grief reaction and additional psychiatric problems.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Developing a test to assess social cognition based on a real interaction
Authors: Benito G. , Luzón C. , Arillaga J. , Fernández-Liria A. , Lahera G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSocial cognition enables the processing of social information and is needed to adapt one's behaviour to the perceived social scene. Its assessment is a very controversial issue, tests currently available often use unhelpful stimuli from the ecological point of view.AimsTo develop a test based on genuine social stimuli–not on their representations–and to do so, a controlled social situation is created in which participants can be evaluated on their abilities to perceive and process such information.MethodA script was prepared, consisting of several interactions which are staged before the participants by two members of the research team. The sample comprises 50 subjects, being on average 22 years old (56% women), who took this test, the MSCEIT and the MASC.ResultsThe application showed no incidence, no one detected that it was a previously prepared situation and they were not upset when this fact was revealed. A final selection of 18 items obtained a reliability of 0.701. Multidimensional scaling, partly showed the subdomains taken into account. The correlation matrix confirms the validity of the instrument. (r = 0,465 alpha < 0,001 with MASC. r = 0,106 alpha > 0,05 with MSCEIT).ConclusionsThe instrument is applicable and tolerated by participants being evaluated with it. It is feasible to use it as a test to assess social cognition It is mid-high reliability allows its use for research purposes. The correlation matrix confirmed validity, showing a significant and moderate connection with MASC and no association with any of the scales of MSCEIT.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The new target therapy to prevent weight gain associated to atypical antipsychotics: PKCβ
Authors: Pavan C. , Rimessi A. , Zavan B. , Vindigni V. , Pinton P. 
Published: June 2017

Antipsychotic drugs are currently used in clinical practice for a variety of mental disorders. Clozapine is the most effective medication for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, in controlling aggression and suicidal behavior in psychosis. Although clozapine is associated with a low likelihood of extrapyramidal symptoms and other neurological side effects, weight gain and metabolic side effects are well known in clinical practice exposing the patient to a greater risk of cardiovascular disorders, premature death, as well as psychosocial issues leading to non-adherence. The mechanisms underlying this pharmacologically activated disorders are still controversial. Based on our in vitro results, we have characterized in vivo the effects of the selective PKCβ inhibitor, Ruboxistaurin (LY-333531) on a preclinical model of long-term clozapine-induced weight gain. Cell biology, biochemistry and psychomotor tests have been performed on wild type and PKCβ (-/-) mutant mice to investigate the contribution of endogenous PKCβ and its pharmacological inhibitor on the neuroleptic effect of clozapine. Lastly, we also shed light on a novel aspect of the mechanism underlying of clozapine-induced weight gain, demonstrating that the clozapine-dependent PKCβ activation promote the inhibition of the lipid droplet-selective autophagy process, opening the way to new therapeutic intervention approach.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The changes of social performance with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in depressed patients
Authors: Pirmoradi M. , Dolatshahi B. , Rostami R. , Mohammadkhani P. , Dadkhah A. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was investigating the effectiveness of rTMS (repetitive transcranial of magnetic stimulation) on increase social performance in patients with recurrent major depression.MethodIt was used a quasi-experimental, pretest–posttest design with control group, a sample consisting of 32 patients who had depression on the basis of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, SCID and BDI-II scales and were randomly assigned to two groups.The experimental group underwent 20 sessions of rTMS as the independent factor and both groups (control & experimental) had 12-session psychotherapy and drugs treatment. Upon the intervention, both groups were tested with two tests (BDI-II & SASS). To determine the effect of the independent factor on the dependent factor of rTMS.Data were analyzed by t-test.ResultsThe comparison between pre- & posttest of all the tests showed the reduction of signs & symptoms of depression, (a = 0/05) (Beck scale P ≤ 0/001 & F = 30) and increase social performance in participants (P ≤ 0/001 & F = 83).ConclusionThe rTMS is effect in the reduction of signs & symptoms of depression and increase social functioning in recurrent major depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Glucocorticoid activeness in patients with mitral valve prolapse and autonomic dysfunction
Authors: Pervichko E. , Martynov A. , Zinchenko Y. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundUrgency of psychophysiological examination of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) patients is suggested by a high incidence of anxiety disorders among these patients.ObjectivesTo study glucocorticoid function activity and emotional stress resistance in MVP patients with autonomic dysfunction (AD).MethodsThe trait anxiety level (TA) was assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger). Emotional stress resistance was undertaken with our modified version of Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Test (Zinchenko, Pervichko). The cortisol level in blood plasma was measured by radioimmunoassay technique with radioimmune assay kit of cortisol in human blood plasma ‘KORT-3N’ (Belarus). There were 32 MVP patients (mean age was 28.5 ± 1.6 years) and 15 healthy people (mean age was 27.5 ± 1.3 years) who took part in the study.ResultsAmong reactions to frustration revealed by MVP patients the following categories are dominating: extrapunitive (Е), ego-defensive (ED), and obstacle-dominance (OD). There was revealed a direct correlations: TA and Е (r = 0.49, Р < 0.001); TA and ED (r = 0.46, Р < 0.01); TA and indexes of AD (r = 0.43, Р < 0.01).There was displayed a higher level of cortisol in MVP patients with severe grade of AD, against the level revealed by patients with average grade of AD (433.9 ± 78.0 mmol/L vs. 299.3 ± 42.9 mmol/L; Р < 0.05). Direct correlations were established between the cortisol level and the level of TA (r = 0.45; Р < 0.01); between the frequency of E-reactions in Modified Rosenzweig Test and cortisol level (r = 0.42; Р < 0.01).ConclusionAlong with low stress resistance, registered AD and high level of TA, MVP patients reveal higher indexes of cortisol in blood plasma.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Healthy lifestyles programme in an acute psychiatric inpatient unit
Authors: Ganhao I. , Trigo M. , Paixao A. , Cardoso J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMental health issues and illnesses are associated with poor self-care and unhealthy lifestyles that contribute to morbidity, mortality and overall decrease in quality of life when compared to the general population. Healthy lifestyle promotion is infrequently considered a priority in mental healthcare services, especially in acute psychiatric inpatient units.ObjectivesTo present a healthy lifestyles promotion programme implemented in an acute psychiatric inpatient unit.AimsTo reflect on how to design an adequate programme for patients with complex needs.MethodsIn a general psychiatric inpatient unit, a team of two psychologists and one psychiatrist, ventured to introduce weekly activities that included drawing, colouring, painting, crafts and games, that provided a context for patients and the team to sit down together or to gradually “drift” together and make possible conversations focusing on tobacco smoking, caffeine consumption, weight control, physical activity and health promoting activities.ResultsInstead of individual or group psychoeducation talk interventions, play and art strategies, in closer proximity with the patients, made it far easier to engage difficult patients and made psychoeducation possible and fun.ConclusionsPatients with severe mental illness are frequently reluctant to engage in activities targeting healthy lifestyles, especially in acute psychiatric inpatient units, when insight and motivation for change may be low due to illness and consequences of illness. Play and art therapy interventions led by a team of mental healthcare professionals who participate directly with the patients, may be an innovative, more effective and enjoyable strategy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Sex-specific effect of intranasal vasopressin, but not oxytocin, on emotional recognition and perception in schizophrenia patients
Authors: Vadas L. , Bloch B. , Levin R. , Shalev I. , Israel S. , Uzefovsky F. , Bachner-Melman R. , Reshef A. , Ebstein R.P. , Kremer I. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundImpairments in social behavior and cognition, such as the ability to identify others’ emotional state, are important features in schizophrenia. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT) and are nonapeptides that influence social cognition and behavior. Previous studies have shown that the administration of intranasal AVP or OXT may affect the ability to recognize facial emotions. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a single dose of AVP or OXT on social cognition in patients with schizophrenia. The secondary objective of the study was to test for sex-specific effects of intranasal AVP and OXT administration on social cognition.MethodsIn this double-blind, placebo-control, cross-over study, 34 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorder, received a dose of AVP, OXT or placebo in three separate meetings. Forty-five minutes after administration, subjects performed facial emotion recognition tasks.ResultsThere were no significant main effects of hormone administration on the ability to recognize facial emotions between treatment conditions. However, AVP administration resulted in sex-specific differences in emotion recognition. Specifically, in men, AVP administration reduced the ability to recognize angry faces. In women, AVP administration reduced the ability to recognize sad faces and improved the ability to recognize fearful faces.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that intranasal AVP may affect the recognition of facial emotions differently in men and women. Thus, AVP may increase the differences between men and women on social cognition.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.