bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trainee Surgeons Affect Operative Time but not Outcome in Minimally Invasive Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Weber Markus , Benditz Achim , Woerner Michael , Weber Daniela , Grifka Joachim , Renkawitz Tobias 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTraining of young surgeons in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is crucial, but might affect operative time and outcome especially in minimally invasive (MIS) THA. We asked whether the learning curve of orthopaedic residents trained on MIS THA has an impact on (1) operative time (2) complication rates and (3) early postoperative outcome. In a retrospective analysis of over 1000 MIS THAs from our institutional joint registry, operative time, complication rates, patient reported outcome measures (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index [WOMAC] and Euro-Qol 5D-5L [EQ-5D]) within the first year and responder rates for positive outcome as defined by the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology and Osteoarthritis Research Society International consensus responder (OMERACT-OARSI) criteria were compared between trainee and senior surgeons. Mean operative time was nine minutes longer for trainees compared to senior surgeons (78.1 ± 25.4 min versus 69.3 ± 23.8 min, p < 0.001). Dislocation (p = 0.21), intraoperative fracture (p = 0.84) and infection rates (p = 0.58) were comparably low in both groups. Both trainee and senior THAs showed excellent improvement of EQ-5D (0.34 ± 0.26 versus 0.32 ± 0.23, p = 0.40) and WOMAC (45.9 ± 22.1 versus 44.9 ± 20.0, p = 0.51) within the first year after surgery without clinical relevant differences. Similarly, responder rates for positive outcome were comparable between trainees with 92.9% and senior surgeons with 95.2% (p = 0.17). MIS THA seems to be a safe procedure during the learning curve of young orthopaedic specialists, but requires higher operative time.
Improving nitrogen source utilization from defatted soybean meal for nisin production by enhancing proteolytic function of Lactococcus lactis F44
Authors: Liu Jiaheng , Zhou Jianjian , Wang Lihong , Ma Zelin , Zhao Guangrong , Ge Zhiqiang , Zhu Hongji , Qiao Jianjun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNisin, one kind of natural antimicrobial peptide, is produced by certain Lactococcus lactis strains, which generally require expensive high-quality nitrogen sources due to limited ability of amino acids biosynthesis. Here we use defatted soybean meal (DSM) as sole nitrogen source to support L. lactis growth and nisin production. DSM medium composition and fermentation conditions were optimized using the methods of Plackett-Burman design and central composite design. The highest nisin production of 3879.58 IU/ml was obtained in DSM medium, which was 21.3% higher than that of commercial medium. To further increase the utilization ability of nitrogen sources, we enhanced the proteolytic function in L. lactis through rationally expressing the related enzymes, which were selected according to the compositions of amino acids and molecular weight of peptides in DSM medium. Significantly, an artificial proteolytic system consisting of a heterologous protease (NprB), an oligopeptides transporter subunit (OppA) and two peptidases (PepF and PepM) was introduced into L.lactis. The constructed strain BAFM was capable of achieving efficient biomass accumulation and nisin yield with 30% decreased amount of DSM hydrolysates, which further reduced the cost of nisin production. The strategy described here offers opportunities for low-cost L. lactis fermentation and large-scale nisin production in industry.
Semi-quantitative analysis of multiple chemical mixtures in solution at trace level by surface-enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Zou Sumeng , Hou Mengjing , Li Jianghao , Ma Lingwei , Zhang Zhengjun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSurface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology combines with chemometric method of principal component analysis (PCA) was used to calculate the composition of chemical mixtures in solution. We reported here that there exists composition discrepancy between molecules in solution and molecules adsorbed on Ag@Al2O3 nanorods substrates due to difference in adsorption kinetics of each component. We proposed here a way to calculate the adsorption kinetics factor for each component using a standard sample as the reference, with which one could correct the predictions given by PCA. We demonstrate the validity of this approach in estimating the compositions of mixtures with two, three and four components of 1, 4-Benzenedithiol, 2-Naphthalenethiol, 4-Mercaptobenzoic acid, and 4-Mercaptopyridine molecules, with acceptable errors. Furthermore, a general formula applied to more complex mixtures was proposed to calculate compositions in solution.
Synthesis of renewable high-density fuel with isophorone
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Yanting , Li Ning , Li Guangyi , Wang Wentao , Wang Aiqin , Wang Xiaodong , Zhang Tao 
Published: July 2017

Abstract1,1,3-Trimethyl-5-(2,4,4-trimethylcyclohexyl)cyclohexane, a renewable high density fuel, was first produced in a high overall carbon yield (~70%) with isophorone which can be derived from hemicellulose. The synthetic route used this work contains three steps. In the first step, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone was synthesized by the selective hydrogenation of isophorone. Among the investigated catalysts, the Pd/C exhibited the highest activity and selectivity. Over this catalyst, a high carbon yield (99.0%) of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone was achieved under mild conditions (298 K, 2 MPa H2, 1 h). In the second step, 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene)cyclohexanone was produced in a high carbon yield (76.4%) by the NaOH catalyzed self-aldol condensation of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone which was carried out in a round bottom flask attached to the Dean–Stark apparatus. In the third step, the 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene)cyclohexanone was hydrodeoxygenated under solvent-free conditions. High carbon yield (93.4%) of 1,1,3-trimethyl-5-(2,4,4-trimethylcyclohexyl)cyclohexane was obtained over the Ni/SiO2 catalyst. The 1,1,3-trimethyl-5-(2,4,4-trimethylcyclohexyl)cyclohexane as obtained has a density of 0.858 g mL−1 and a freezing point of 222.2 K. As a potential application, it can be blended into conventional fuels (such as RP-1, RG-1, etc.) for rocket propulsion.
Two-Year Follow-Up of Vascular Events in Peripheral Arterial Disease Treated With Antiplatelet Agents: A Prospective Observational Multicenter Cohort Study (SEASON)
Authors: Higashi Yukihito , Miyata Tetsuro , Shigematsu Hiroshi , Origasa Hideki , Fujita Masatoshi , Matsuo Hiroshi , Naritomi Hiroaki , Matsuda Hiroaki , Nakajima Masahide , Awano Hideto 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe present analysis was intended to evaluate the real-world management of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in Asia, and to explore cardiovascular events in patients with PAD undergoing antiplatelet therapy over 2 years of follow-up. The Surveillance of cardiovascular Events in Antiplatelet-treated arteriosclerosis Obliterans patients in JapaN (SEASON) registry is a prospective observational multicenter study of cardiovascular events in antiplatelet-treated patients with PAD in Japan. The SEASON registry included 11,375 patients who were scheduled to receive treatment for PAD. Two analysis populations were defined: a real-world population (RWP; n = 10,322) and a definite PAD population (DPP; n = 3992) who had ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) <0.9 and intermittent claudication, or a history of lower limb revascularization. The primary outcome measure was the rate of the composite of cerebrovascular, cardiovascular, and peripheral vascular events. The composite event rates (95% confidence interval) were 3.28 (3.00–3.57) and 5.71 (5.13–6.34) events per 100 patient-years in the RWP and DPP groups, respectively. Fontaine IV classification and ABPI <0.4 at baseline were both identified as strong risk factors for vascular events. These findings contribute to understanding the situation for real-world patients with PAD receiving antiplatelet therapy.
Variable Practice to Enhance Speech Learning in Ultrasound Biofeedback Treatment for Childhood Apraxia of Speech: A Single Case Experimental Study
Authors: Preston Jonathan L. , Leece Megan C. , McNamara Kerry , Maas Edwin 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of practice variability, through prosodic variation during speech sound training, in biofeedback treatment for children with childhood apraxia of speech. It was hypothesized that variable practice would facilitate speech sound learning.

Method
Six children ages 8–16 years with persisting speech sound errors due to childhood apraxia of speech participated in a single-subject experimental design. For each participant, 2 speech sound targets were treated with ultrasound visual feedback training: one with prosodic variation (i.e., practicing sound targets in words and phrases spoken fast, slow, loud, as a question, command, and declarative), and one without prosodic variation. Each target was treated for half of the 1-hr session for 14 treatment sessions.

Results

As measured by standardized effect sizes, all participants showed greater change on generalization probes for sound targets treated under the prosodic variation condition with mean effect sizes (
d
2
) of 14.5 for targets treated with prosodic variation and 8.3 for targets treated without prosodic variation. The average increase in generalization scores was 38% in the prosodic variation condition compared to 31% without.

Conclusions
Ultrasound visual feedback may facilitate speech sound learning and learning may be enhanced by treating speech sounds with explicit prosodic variation.

Supplemental Materials

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5150119
Identifying the Dimensionality of Oral Language Skills of Children With Typical Development in Preschool Through Fifth Grade
Authors: Lonigan Christopher J. , Milburn Trelani F. 
Published: July 2017

PurposeLanguage is a multidimensional construct from prior to the beginning of formal schooling to near the end of elementary school. The primary goals of this study were to identify the dimensionality of language and to determine whether this dimensionality was consistent in children with typical language development from preschool through 5th grade.MethodIn a large sample of 1,895 children, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with 19–20 measures of language intended to represent 6 factors, including domains of vocabulary and syntax/grammar across modalities of expressive and receptive language, listening comprehension, and vocabulary depth.ResultsA 2-factor model with separate, highly correlated vocabulary and syntax factors provided the best fit to the data, and this model of language dimensionality was consistent from preschool through 5th grade.ConclusionThis study found that there are fewer dimensions than are often suggested or represented by the myriad subtests in commonly used standardized tests of language. The identified 2-dimensional (vocabulary and syntax) model of language has significant implications for the conceptualization and measurement of the language skills of children in the age range from preschool to 5th grade, including the study of typical and atypical language development, the study of the developmental and educational influences of language, and classification and intervention in clinical practice.Supplemental Materialshttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5154220
Sensitivity to Audiovisual Temporal Asynchrony in Children With a History of Specific Language Impairment and Their Peers With Typical Development: A Replication and Follow-Up Study
Authors: Kaganovich Natalya 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
Earlier, my colleagues and I showed that children with a history of specific language impairment (H-SLI) are significantly less able to detect audiovisual asynchrony compared with children with typical development (TD; Kaganovich & Schumaker, 2014). Here, I first replicate this finding in a new group of children with H-SLI and TD and then examine a relationship among audiovisual function, attention skills, and language in a combined pool of children.

Method
The stimuli were a pure tone and an explosion-shaped figure. Stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) varied from 0–500 ms. Children pressed 1 button for perceived synchrony and another for asynchrony. I measured the number of synchronous perceptions at each SOA and calculated children's temporal binding windows. I, then, conducted multiple regressions to determine if audiovisual processing and attention can predict language skills.

Results
As in the earlier study, children with H-SLI perceived asynchrony significantly less frequently than children with TD at SOAs of 400–500 ms. Their temporal binding windows were also larger. Temporal precision and attention predicted 23%–37% of children's language ability.

Conclusions
Audiovisual temporal processing is impaired in children with H-SLI. The degree of this impairment is a predictor of language skills. Once understood, the mechanisms underlying this deficit may become a new focus for language remediation.
Mapping a city – Berlin in a contemporary detective novel
Authors: Löwe Corina 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In the novel Emil and the Detectives by Erich Kästner, published in 1929, the contemporary city of Berlin is set as an urban topos in which children navigate in an independent and self-confident way. Also more recent detective novels choose Berlin as the scene and make use of its cultural and geographical diversity. This chapter focuses on Andreas Steinhöfel’s Rico, Oskar und die Tieferschatten (2008) and examines which urban spaces in Berlin are presented, how the protagonist orients himself in the city, and what function the mapping has. The analysis focuses on how the psychological learning process of orientation in a city can be supported by children’s literature.
“An island made of water quite surrounded by earth”
Authors: Holownia Olga 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This chapter examines the ways in which geography functions in nonsense verse, prose and illustration, and more specifically, in the representations of seascapes. The key purpose of maps, toponyms and topothesia, which conventionally help the readers envision and navigate a fictitious world, tends not to be fulfilled in literary nonsense, even when maps or detailed descriptions are provided. Focusing on the genre-defining nineteenth-century works and their twentieth-century visual re-interpretations, this chapter outlines selected common features of nonsense geography and shows how the nonsense game has since been followed in our own time, using a popular example drawn from contemporary literature.
Landscapes of growth, faith, and doubt
Authors: Goga Nina 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The research literature on the hallmarks and history of fantasy has become quite comprehensive, and includes analyses of specific works or series in the genre. A large number of fantasy studies examine typical themes, motifs, and characteristics of the genre such as the struggle between good and evil, the chosen child, and the passage between the primary and secondary worlds. Although several research studies on fantasy have pointed out that maps are provided in many books to help readers find their way to the various places and navigate the depicted landscapes, fewer explore the mystical, fantastic, and magic places displayed in the maps.
Structural basis for activation of an archaeal ribonuclease P RNA by protein cofactors
Authors: Kimura Makoto 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Ribonuclease P (RNase P) is an endoribonuclease that catalyzes the processing of the 5′-leader sequence of precursor tRNA (pre-tRNA) in all phylogenetic domains. We have found that RNase P in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3 consists of RNase P RNA (PhopRNA) and five protein cofactors designated PhoPop5, PhoRpp21, PhoRpp29, PhoRpp30, and PhoRpp38. Biochemical characterizations over the past 10 years have revealed that PhoPop5 and PhoRpp30 fold into a heterotetramer and cooperate to activate a catalytic domain (C-domain) in PhopRNA, whereas PhoRpp21 and PhoRpp29 form a heterodimer and function together to activate a specificity domain (S-domain) in PhopRNA. PhoRpp38 plays a role in elevation of the optimum temperature of RNase P activity, binding to kink-turn (K-turn) motifs in two stem-loops in PhopRNA. This review describes the structural and functional information on P. horikoshii RNase P, focusing on the structural basis for the PhopRNA activation by the five RNase P proteins.
Crystal structure of a β-fructofuranosidase with high transfructosylation activity from Aspergillus kawachii
Authors: Nagaya Mika , Kimura Miyoko , Gozu Yoshifumi , Sato Shona , Hirano Katsuaki , Tochio Takumi , Nishikawa Atsushi , Tonozuka Takashi 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
β-Fructofuranosidases belonging to glycoside hydrolase family (GH) 32 are enzymes that hydrolyze sucrose. Some GH32 enzymes also catalyze transfructosylation to produce fructooligosaccharides. We found that Aspergillus kawachii IFO 4308 β-fructofuranosidase (AkFFase) produces fructooligosaccharides, mainly 1-kestose, from sucrose. We determined the crystal structure of AkFFase. AkFFase is composed of an N-terminal small component, a β-propeller catalytic domain, an α-helical linker, and a C-terminal β-sandwich, similar to other GH32 enzymes. AkFFase forms a dimer, and the dimerization pattern is different from those of other oligomeric GH32 enzymes. The complex structure of AkFFase with fructose unexpectedly showed that fructose binds both subsites −1 and +1, despite the fact that the catalytic residues were not mutated. Fructose at subsite +1 interacts with Ile146 and Glu296 of AkFFase via direct hydrogen bonds.
Voltage-gated sodium channels in neocortical pyramidal neurons display Cole-Moore activation kinetics
Authors: Almog Mara , Barkai Tal , Lampert Angelika , Korngreen Alon 
Published: July 2017

AbstractExploring the properties of action potentials is a crucial step towards a better understanding of the computational properties of single neurons and neural networks. The voltage-gated sodium channel is a key player in action potential generation. A comprehensive grasp of the gating mechanism of this channel can shed light on the biophysics of action potential generation. Most models of voltage-gated sodium channels assume it obeys a concerted Hodgkin and Huxley kinetic gating scheme. Here we performed high resolution voltage-clamp experiments from nucleated patches extracted from the soma of layer 5 (L5) cortical pyramidal neurons in rat brain slices. We show that the gating mechanism does not follow traditional Hodgkin and Huxley kinetics and that much of the channel voltage-dependence is probably due to rapid closed-closed transitions that lead to substantial onset latency reminiscent of the Cole-Moore effect observed in voltage-gated potassium conductances. This may have key implications for the role of sodium channels in synaptic integration and action potential generation.
Developing a psychotropic medication education group on a secure ward for men with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Sheehan Rory , Rochester John , Hafesji Fatima , Kyambadde Rita , Gravestock Shaun 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to establish and evaluate a psychotropic medication education group for men with intellectual disability on a secure psychiatric ward.

Design/methodology/approach
A multi-disciplinary team was convened to oversee the project. A curriculum was developed that covered major classes of psychotropic drugs as well as broader themes related to taking medication and general wellbeing. Each group session incorporated a range of teaching methods supported by accessible materials. Evaluation was by qualitative and quantitative methods.

Findings
There was interest and enthusiasm for the group. Participant feedback was generally positive and most of those who completed the group reported achieving their personal learning goals. There was no significant difference in results of a medication knowledge test at baseline and at the end of the course. Feedback from group members and reflections of the course facilitators are discussed.

Research limitations/implications
The results of this small-scale study may not be applicable to other groups or settings. Evaluation measures seemed unable to capture some elements of the group processes and outcomes.

Practical implications
Establishing and running a psychoeducational group on a low-secure ward for men with intellectual disabilities is possible and potentially valuable. Learning from this project will be useful for others considering group-based interventions for people with intellectual disability.

Originality/value
This paper adds to the limited literature describing interventions to improve medication knowledge in people with intellectual disability.
e-Business critical success factors: toward the development of an integrated success model
Authors: Tsironis Loukas K. , Gotzamani Katerina D. , Mastos Theofilos D. 
Published: July 2017

Purposee-Business (e-B) organization is an integrated synergy of internet and supply chain. It is an organizational environment which consists of associations among suppliers, customers, work force and information technology. An important issue for an e-B organization is the comprehension of the critical factors that affect its success, in order to realize its full advantages and how it results in efficiency improvements of the organizations. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) that determine the successful implementation of e-B and second to develop an integrated e-B model based on the CSFs.Design/methodology/approachBy following a quantitative approach, primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 174 Greek e-B firms. An initial exploratory factor analysis was conducted, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM).FindingsFindings have shown that there was a direct association of the Resource Based View (RBV) on the supply chain view (SCV) of a firm, which in turn influenced the performance/results of an e-B organization. It is concluded that e-B performance results and value creation are linked to customers’ and partners’ orientation (SCV) and human resources and information technology (RBV).Originality/valueThe proposed framework contributes to the understanding of the successful implementation of e-B, by proposing a fifthfold framework. The proposed framework portrayed a very fundamental result, that the resourced based view and the SCV of the organization are the critical priorities and have a direct and positive affect on the performance and efficiency of the successful implementation of e-B.