bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lebensqualität von Langzeitüberlebenden nach außerklinischer Reanimation
Authors: Johannis Jan , Johannis Wibke , Bernhard Michael , Michael Mark , Heitkötter Kalle , Becht Andreas , Skorning Max 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Neben dem reinen Überleben eines Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstands (HKS) zählen für die Betroffenen vor allem die Lebensqualität, die Lebenszufriedenheit und die berufliche Wiedereingliederung im Langzeitverlauf nach außerklinischer Reanimation. Die Studie untersuchte verschiedene Kriterien im Langzeitüberleben nach außerklinischer Reanimation.

Methodik
Das Patientenkollektiv bestand aus Überlebenden eines außerklinischen Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstands ein Jahr nach Klinikentlassung in den Jahren 2020–2022 in Düsseldorf, Deutschland. Die Überlebenden wurden 12–18 Monate nach Krankenhausentlassung mittels eines multidimensionalen Fragebogens zum allgemeinen Gesundheitszustand, zur Wohnsituation, zum neurologischen Status (Cerebral Performance Category Score, CPC) sowie zum subjektiven Empfinden der Lebensqualität/Lebenszufriedenheit und zur Arbeitssituation befragt.

Ergebnis
Von 149 Patienten, die den Fragebogen erhielten, antworteten 103 Patienten (Response-Rate: 69 %, männlich vs. weichlich: 83 vs. 17 %, Alter: 62 ± 13 vs. 55 ± 19 Jahren). Von den Befragten stuften sich 91 % mit einem guten neurologischen Status (CPC 1–2) ein. Im Vergleich zu vor dem Befinden vor dem Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand wurden Ängste/Depressionen bei 48 % der Befragten, Konzentrationsstörungen bei 59 %, Müdigkeit bei 74 % und Schmerzen bei 44 % in stärkerer Ausprägung angegeben. Die eigene Lebensqualität empfanden 41 % als mindestens gleich zu vorher und die eigene Lebenszufriedenheit wurde von 61 % mit sehr gut bis gut bewertet. Eine Berufstätigkeit wurde von 73 % der Patienten innerhalb eines Jahrs wieder aufgenommen.

Schlussfolgerung
Die hohe Rate an kognitiven und psychischen Problemen und die assoziierten Einschränkungen im täglichen Leben führen zu einer reduzierten Lebensqualität/Lebenszufriedenheit trotz hoher CPC-Einstufung. Regelmäßige Patientenreevaluationen und alternative Scores können helfen, Gesundheitsprobleme zu identifizieren, um für eine allumfängliche Rehabilitation eine patientenangepasste Therapieoption anzubieten.
Autoantibody against aquaporin-5 may be a new diagnostic biomarker for primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Wu Hong , Zhong Bing , Zhang Ligai , Wang Yong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study aims to assess the diagnostic and clinical significance of autoantibodies against aquaporin-1 (anti-AQP1) and aquaporin-5 (anti-AQP5) in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). A total of 163 participants were categorized into three groups: pSS group, other connective tissue diseases (CTD) group, and healthy control (HC) group. The levels of anti-AQP1 and anti-AQP5 autoantibodies in serum were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and clinical data from patients were collected for statistical analysis. Our results showed that the level of anti-AQP1 in the pSS group was higher than in the HC group (P < 0.05), and no significant difference was observed between the pSS group and the CTD group (P > 0.05). ROC showed that the anti-AQP1 had no diagnostic value for pSS (P > 0.05). The anti-AQP5 level of 39 healthy adults was all below the cut-off value (14.10 ng/ml) (P < 0.05). The level of anti-AQP5 in the pSS group was higher than the CTD group (P < 0.05), the AUC was 0.86 (95% CI 0.80–0.93), with a sensitivity of 0.95 (95% CI 0.87–0.99) and a specificity of 0.70 (95% CI 0.58–0.84). No correlation was found between anti-AQP5 levels and the EULAR primary Sjögren’s syndrome disease activity index score, anti-SSA, anti-SSB, antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, anti-ds-DNA, salivary gland flow rate, complement 3, and lymphocyte count in pSS samples (P > 0.05), respectively. Therefore, the elevated anti-AQP5 may emerge as a novel diagnostic biomarker for pSS patients due to high sensitivity and specificity.

Key Points• The elevated anti-AQP5 may emerge as a novel diagnostic biomarker for pSS patients due to high sensitivity and specificity.
Under which conditions do extreme events support a paradigm shift? Studying focusing events during two centuries of Swiss flood risk management
Authors: Glaus Anik , Gavilano Alexandra , Ingold Karin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExtreme weather events affect many areas around the world. How a country or region reacts to it can take many forms. In this article, we concentrate on policy responses, as typically found in laws, acts, or strategies. Recent research in climate change adaptation or environmental governance concluded that the degree of severity of extreme events is a crucial indicator that policy action should be taken. The event alone is a necessary, but insufficient condition for policies to be introduced. In this context, we ask: Which conditions must be at stake so that an extreme event is able to deploy its focal power and induce policy introduction or change? To answer this question, we studied more than two centuries of flood risk management in Switzerland. We relied on qualitative and quantitative data, as well as process tracing techniques, to relate event characteristics, media, political, and policy contexts to policy change in flood risk management. Results indicate that two conditions made floods turn into focusing events and support paradigm shift: high economic damage and a policy subsystem’s actor constellation favorable to change. We are convinced that our results are also replicable for other natural disasters and other countries than only Switzerland.
Normalized Interferon Signatures and Clinical Improvements by IFNAR1 Blocking Antibody (Anifrolumab) in Patients with Type I Interferonopathies
Authors: Kretzschmar Genia , Páez Laura Piñero , Tan Ziyang , Wang Jun , Gonzalez Laura , Mugabo Constantin Habimana , Johnsson Anette , Chen Yang , Mikeš Jaromír , Lakshmikanth Tadepally , James Anna , Goldbach-Mansky Raphaela , Fischer Marie , Palmblad Karin , Alehashemi Sara , Horne AnnaCarin , Brodin Petter 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
A causal role of type-I interferons (IFN-I) in autoinflammatory type-I interferonopathies such as SAVI (STING–associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy) and CANDLE (chronic atypical neutrophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperatures) is suggested by elevated expression of IFN-I stimulated genes (ISGs). Hitherto, the lack of specific inhibitors of IFN-I signaling has prevented the verification of a causal role for IFN-I in these conditions. Commonly used inhibitors of the JAK/STAT pathway exert broad effects on multiple signaling pathways leading to more general immunosuppression beyond IFN-I signaling.

Methods
Here we show in four patients with SAVI and one patient with CANDLE syndrome that blockade of the IFNAR1 receptor (Anifrolumab) exerts an additive effect over JAK-inhibitor alone. In two patients with SAVI, monotherapy with Anifrolumab is sufficient to retain a suppressed IFN-I signature and clinical improvement.

Results
Anifrolumab normalizes IFN-I signature genes and relieves symptoms beyond what is typically achieved by a JAK-inhibitor (Baricitinib) alone in patients with type-I interferonopathies. In two patients Anifrolumab was used successfully as monotherapy. Addition of Anifrolumab enabled steroid tapering and cessation with reduced overall immunosuppression and lower risks of opportunistic infections and improved metabolic states and growth which is highly beneficial in these young patients.

Conclusion
These results verify a causal role of IFN-I signaling in type-I Interferonopathies SAVI and CANDLE and suggests Anifrolumab as an important new treatment option in autoinflammatory diseases with elevated IFN-I induced gene expression.
Genia Kretzschmar, Laura Piñero Páez, and Ziyang Tan are shared-first authors.
Sara Alehashemi, AnnaCarin Horne, and Petter Brodin are co-senior author.
Validation of an Actuarial Instrument to Predict Repeat Family Violence for Frontline Police: Calibration, Discrimination and Classification Performance of the VP-SAFvR
Authors: Spivak Benjamin , Trood Michael , McEwan Troy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Police are increasingly tasked with identifying, responding to, and preventing intimate partner and family violence (IPFV). Several police organisations have adopted validated risk assessment instruments to assist frontline police officers to assess and manage the risk of future IPFV. This paper reports a population-based evaluation of the predictive and discriminative validity of an actuarial risk assessment instrument, the Victoria Police Screening Assessment for Family Violence Risk (VP-SAFvR), used by frontline police officers in Victoria, Australia.

Methods
The entire population (n = 38,454) of family violence reports (FVRs) where police used the VP-SAFvR between 1 September 2019 and 31 March 2020 were tracked for 365 days to ascertain whether the VP-SAFvR was able to predict subsequent family violence and discriminate between cases with and without subsequent family violence. Calibration and survival analysis was performed on the instrument.

Results
Approximately 33% of the sample was involved in subsequent IPFV over the 12 month outcome period. In line with the development (McEwan et al., 2019) and validation (Spivak et al., 2020) studies of the same instrument, the results show the VP-SAFvR continues to provide adequate consistent discriminative and predictive performance across time. The AUC for repeat IPFV was 0.65, with the recommended threshold score of 4 (or above) identifying 75% of individuals involved in repeat family violence and correctly screening out approximately 50% of non-repeat cases.

Conclusions
The paper extends the previous research on VP-SAFvR by providing some indication that the tool is well-calibrated. Incidence curves show the largest increase in repeat family violence among those scoring above threshold occurs in the first 90 days post index. The implications and limitations of the study are discussed.
Price-mediated contagion with endogenous market liquidity
Authors: Cao Zhiyu , Feinstein Zachary 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrice-mediated contagion occurs when a positive feedback loop develops following a drop in asset prices which forces banks and other financial institutions to sell their holdings. Prior studies of such events fix the level of market liquidity without regards to the level of stress applied to the system. This paper introduces a framework to understand price-mediated contagion in a system where the capacity of the market to absorb liquidated assets is determined endogenously. In doing so, we construct a joint clearing system in interbank payments, asset prices, and market liquidity. We establish mild assumptions which guarantee the existence of greatest and least clearing solutions. We conclude with detailed numerical case studies which demonstrate the, potentially severe, repercussions of endogenizing the market liquidity on system risk.
Effectiveness of complete decongestive therapy for upper extremity breast cancer-related lymphedema: a review of systematic reviews
Authors: Gilchrist Laura , Levenhagen Kim , Davies Claire C. , Koehler Linda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBreast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) remains a challenging condition impacting function and quality of life. Complete decongestive therapy (CDT) is the current standard of care, necessitating a comprehensive review of its impact. This paper presents a systematic review (SR) of SRs on CDT’s efficacy in BCRL, and the components of manual lymph drainage (MLD) and exercise. A literature search yielded 13 SRs published between January 2018 and March 2023 meeting inclusion criteria, with varied quality ratings based on the AMSTAR II. A sub-analysis of CDT investigated the within group effect size estimations on volume in different stages of lymphedema. While a moderate quality SR indicated support for CDT in volume reduction, other SRs on the topic were of critically low quality. Larger effect sizes for CDT were found for later stage BCRL. The impact of MLD as a component of CDT demonstrated no additional volume benefit in a mix of moderate to low quality SRs. Similarly, exercise’s role in volume reduction in CDT was limited, although it demonstrated some benefit in pain and quality of life. A rapid review of trials published January 2021–March 2023 reinforced these findings. Variability in CDT delivery and outcomes remained. These findings underscore the need to standardize staging criteria and outcome measures in research and practice. Future research should focus on refining interventions, determining clinically important differences in outcomes, and standardizing measures to improve evidence-based BCRL management. Current evidence supports CDT’s efficacy in BCRL. MLD and exercise as components of CDT have limited support for volume reduction.
Mechanobiology of 3D cell confinement and extracellular crowding
Authors: Da Silva André Gabriela , Labouesse Céline 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cells and tissues are often under some level of confinement, imposed by the microenvironment and neighboring cells, meaning that there are limitations to cell size, volume changes, and fluid exchanges. 3D cell culture, increasingly used for both single cells and organoids, inherently impose levels of confinement absent in 2D systems. It is thus key to understand how different levels of confinement influences cell survival, cell function, and cell fate. It is well known that the mechanical properties of the microenvironment, such as stiffness and stress relaxation, are important in activating mechanosensitive pathways, and these are responsive to confinement conditions. In this review, we look at how low, intermediate, and high levels of confinement modulate the activation of known mechanobiology pathways, in single cells, organoids, and tumor spheroids, with a specific focus on 3D confinement in microwells, elastic, or viscoelastic scaffolds. In addition, a confining microenvironment can drastically limit cellular communication in both healthy and diseased tissues, due to extracellular crowding. We discuss potential implications of extracellular crowding on molecular transport, extracellular matrix deposition, and fluid transport. Understanding how cells sense and respond to various levels of confinement should inform the design of 3D engineered matrices that recapitulate the physical properties of tissues.
Scent lures and baits at camera traps improve time to first detection and detection probability of two typically elusive species of weasel
Authors: Ebel Kate , White Patrick J. C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThere is a growing body of evidence that weasel species are in decline globally. More data on their ecology and distribution are needed to plan and justify any conservation management actions. Camera trapping can be an effective survey method for many species; however, the small size and quick movements of weasels present challenges in detection and little consensus exists on practices for attracting them to improve detection. This study tested different combinations of meat baits and scent and audio lures to assess the most effective methods. Camera traps were set up in clusters of three at 42 sites to test the effectiveness of these combinations, accounting for season, in terms of the time to first detection (TFD), detection probability using occupancy models, and the number and clarity of weasel photos. We also repeated TFD and detection probability analyses for setups that were ≥ 20 m apart in case of overlap of effects. The average TFD across all sites was 43 days. Fall typically had the shortest TFD with beaver bait in fall achieving the best results. After accounting for occupancy, predicted detection probability across a 60-day survey was highest in fall with the best combination being salmon lure and beaver bait. The treatment type did not impact the average number of photos captured, but the clarity of photos was significantly positively related to use of bait and lure, type of lure, and specific combinations of bait and lure.
Personal reflections on navigating plural values in the implementation of voluntary assisted dying in Victoria, Australia
Authors: O’Connor Margaret 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper is a personal reflection on involvement in the development of the first voluntary assisted dying legislation in Australia. Points of contention are discussed, where plural values were evident, as the legislation progressed towards implementation. Finally, ongoing areas of difficulty with the legislation are listed, where further thought is required to ensure ease of access for those in need.
Displaying Altruism as a Sexual Signal in Human Mate Choice is an Adaptation – An Interdisciplinary Overview of the Evidence
Authors: Boog Dajo Aldemar , Egas Martijn , Ploeger Annemie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNumerous studies in humans have shown that altruism may influence mate choice decisions, highlighting its potential role as a sexual signal. Whether using altruism as a signal is an adaptation, however, remains largely unresolved. In this review, we aim to investigate the adaptive nature of altruism as a sexual signal by constructing a comprehensive nomological network of evidence. Drawing upon interdisciplinary scientific modes of evidence (psychology, medicine, physiology, genetics, phylogenetics, hunter-gatherer studies, cross-cultural studies, and theoretical studies), our analysis reveals an extensive breadth of evidence across the various disciplines supporting the hypothesis that altruism is an adaptive sexual signal. However, only the psychological evidence demonstrates substantial depth. Other fields exhibit a lack of variation in research methods or a minimal amount of studies, limiting the strength of their respective contributions. Despite these limitations, there is still sufficient support for the nomological network. Based on the evidence of the various disciplines, we conclude that there is sufficient support that altruism as a sexual signal is an adaptation. We provide considerations for future research that would expand the scope of the evidentiary depth across the various disciplines, which would strengthen our understanding of the role of sexual selection in human altruism.
Development of the scoliosis research society spinal deformity surgery safety checklist
Authors: De la Garza Ramos Rafael , Scheer Justin K. , Matmati Nabil , Hey Lloyd A. , Burton Douglas C. , de Kleuver Marinus , Ames Christopher P. , Yanamadala Vijay 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Spine deformity surgery is a complex multi-step procedure that has a relatively high complication rate. The use of surgical safety checklists has been shown to reduce perioperative adverse events, but existing lists are varied and non-specific for spinal deformity surgery. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive surgical checklist for complex spinal corrective surgery.

Methods
An electronic survey consisting of 187 surgical checklist items that had been developed and used by a group of SRS members over a 5-year period was distributed to the Scoliosis Research Society Safety and Value Committee membership. The survey sections included: (1) pre-operative area, (2) initial operating room visit, (3) before turning, (4) positioning, (5) prepare and drape, (6) pre-incision timeout, (7) intraoperative, (8) finishing implant placement and confirming imaging, (9) final rods and locking, (10) prior to closure, (11) closure, (12) turn to supine, and (13) checkout/debriefing. Respondents graded each item on a five-point Likert scale based on their perceived importance and feasibility for inclusion in the checklist. Features graded as “moderately important” or “very important” to include by at least 70% of respondents were considered to meet the cutoff for inclusion-based standard Delphi practices. Study data were collated using REDCap.

Results
A total of 25 surgeons completed the survey in its entirety. The overall checklist “package” was shortened to 9 individual checklist modules, with 2 to 16 items per checklist. In terms of individual checklist items, 40% of items (74 of 187) met the cutoff for inclusion; 17 of these items were graded as “very important,” which included verifying the presence of implantable devices, reviewing the surgical plan and positioning with the surgical staff, securing the endotracheal tube, bite block confirmation, prone and lateral positioning, neuromonitoring baseline readings, double-checking that the implant screw caps were locked prior to closure, and confirming that the patient was moving bilateral lower extremities before leaving the operating room when possible.

Conclusion
This study has led to the development of a specific spinal deformity surgical checklist of 74 (many specific to spine surgery) items that were considered important for inclusion; 17 were considered “very important”.
Anatomical landmark detection on bi-planar radiographs for predicting spinopelvic parameters
Authors: Lang Stefan , Jokeit Moritz , Kim Ji Hyun , Urbanschitz Lukas , Fisler Luca , Torrez Carlos , Cornaz Frédéric , Snedeker Jess G. , Farshad Mazda , Widmer Jonas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Accurate landmark detection is essential for precise analysis of anatomical structures, supporting diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring in patients with spinal deformities. Conventional methods rely on laborious landmark identification by medical experts, which motivates automation. The proposed deep learning pipeline processes bi-planar radiographs to determine spinopelvic parameters and Cobb angles without manual supervision.

Methods
The dataset used for training and evaluation consisted of 555 bi-planar radiographs from un-instrumented patients, which were manually annotated by medical professionals. The pipeline performed a pre-processing step to determine regions of interest, including the cervical spine, thoracolumbar spine, sacrum, and pelvis. For each ROI, a segmentation network was trained to identify vertebral bodies and pelvic landmarks. The U-Net architecture was trained on 455 bi-planar radiographs using binary cross-entropy loss. The post-processing algorithm determined spinal alignment and angular parameters based on the segmentation output. We evaluated the pipeline on a test set of 100 previously unseen bi-planar radiographs, using the mean absolute difference between annotated and predicted landmarks as the performance metric. The spinopelvic parameter predictions of the pipeline were compared to the measurements of two experienced medical professionals using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and mean absolute deviation (MAD).

Results
The pipeline was able to successfully predict the Cobb angles in 61% of all test cases and achieved mean absolute differences of 3.3° (3.6°) and averaged ICC of 0.88. For thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sagittal vertical axis, sacral slope, pelvic tilt, and pelvic incidence, the pipeline produced reasonable outputs in 69%, 58%, 86%, 85%, 84%, and 84% of the cases. The MAD was 5.6° (7.8°), 4.7° (4.3°), 2.8 mm (3.0 mm), 4.5° (7.2°), 1.8° (1.8°), and 5.3° (7.7°), while the ICC was measured at 0.69, 0.82, 0.99, 0.61, 0.96, and 0.70, respectively.

Conclusion
Despite limitations in patients with severe pathologies and high BMI, the pipeline automatically predicted coronal and sagittal spinopelvic parameters, which has the potential to simplify clinical routines and large-scale retrospective data analysis.