bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary Duct Carcinoma of the Parotid
Authors: Mifsud Matthew , Sharma Saurabh , Leon Marino , Padhya Tapan , Otto Kristen , Caudell Jimmy 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveSalivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy for which an optimal treatment algorithm is lacking. We endeavored to assess the current treatment outcomes for SDC with a multimodality treatment approach combining surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy ± concurrent chemotherapy.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingA National Cancer Institute–designated comprehensive cancer center.Subjects and MethodsThe clinical record of 17 patients with salivary duct carcinoma were analyzed to assess locoregional control, recurrence‐free survival, and overall survival.ResultsAll SDC cases (n = 17) were managed with surgical resection, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (47.1%) or concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy (52.9%). Median patient follow up was 37 months. An aggressive disease course was generally observed, with 3‐year recurrence‐free survival and overall survival of 34.4% and 35.5%, respectively. The majority of recurrences were distant. Intensification with adjuvant concurrent chemotherapy was not associated with improved outcomes on univariate survival analysis.ConclusionFor salivary duct carcinoma, a multimodality treatment approach is associated with acceptable locoregional control rates but poor distant control and overall survival. Novel systemic therapies may be needed to optimize clinical outcomes.
Agreement between ACT and aPTT during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation shows intra- and inter-individual variation
Authors: Cunningham David , Besser Martin W , Giraud Kimberly , Gerrard Caroline , Vuylsteke Alain 
Published: March 2016

Aim: We explored the relationship between activated clotting time (ACT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) when used to monitor anticoagulation in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. Methods: Data obtained in patients undergoing ECMO support between October 2012 and August 2013 in a single centre were reviewed. Clinical data were extracted from our Clinical Information System and ECMO database. ACT and aPTT values were paired when taken from the same patient, with the ACT preceding the aPTT and the heparin infusion rate was kept constant between samples. The aPTT and ACT were normalized by dividing by the mean of their respective reference ranges and are referred to as APR and N-ACT, respectively. Bivariate analysis and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess correlation and agreement. Mixed effects regression was used to model the effects of variables, including platelet count, creatinine and urea levels, plasma free haemoglobin, white cell count and ECMO flow rate on concordance between APR and N-ACT measurements. Results: The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient in 15 patients was calculated as r=0.55. The Bland-Altman plot shows a mean difference between the APR and the N-ACT of −0.08. The 95% limits of agreement were −0.67 to 0.51. Results from mixed effects regression analysis on data from the 15 patients identified platelet count (and thrombocytopenia) and urea as significant independent predictors of concordance between APR and N-ACT. Conclusion: We report a moderate degree of positive correlation between APR and N-ACT. We conclude that there is poor agreement between the ACT and aPTT for the heparin concentrations in patients supported with ECMO. Our results indicate that platelet count and urea are significant independent variables affecting concordance between ACT and aPTT measurements.
The Inverted Discoid Meniscus Segment
Authors: LaMont Lauren , Ellis Henry , Wise Kelsey , Wilson Philip 
Published: March 2016

Background: A flipped, or inverted, meniscus segment is easily visualized in the normal meniscus. However, an inverted discoid meniscus segment may be difficult to appreciate because the tear occurs more centrally and leaves more meniscal rim; thus, it may be undertreated if not addressed during arthroscopy. Purpose: To describe findings on clinical history, radiographs, MRI, and arthroscopy of a lateral discoid meniscus with an inverted segment and compare them with characteristics of a lateral discoid meniscus without an inverted segment. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Between 2009 and 2012, a retrospective series of 121 consecutive knee arthroscopies for symptomatic lateral discoid meniscus were reviewed for the presence of an inverted fragment. Chart review of clinical presentation, operative reports, radiographic images, and arthroscopic images was performed. Comparative analysis of the clinical presentation between lateral discoid menisci with an inverted segment and noninverted lateral discoid menisci was performed by use of Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: Nineteen patients with an inverted discoid meniscus segment (14 males, 5 females; average age, 15.0 years; range, 9.5-17.0 years) were compared with 102 patients with a noninverted discoid meniscus (53 males, 49 females; average age, 12.3 years; range, 5-17.0 years) ( P = .011 for sex and P < .001 for age). All 19 discoid meniscus patients with an inverted segment had activity-related knee pain. Only 4 patients (21.0%) reported mechanical symptoms. Patients with an inverted discoid segment, compared with patients with discoid menisci without inverted segments, were more likely to have instability and effusion ( P = .012 and P < .001, respectively). Eighteen discoid meniscus patients with an inverted segment (94.7%) had an injury, while only 41.2% of patients with noninverted symptomatic discoid menisci had an injury ( P < .001). On MRI, an inverted discoid segment was seen as a horizontal longitudinal tear, a free fragment, or a double meniscus. During arthroscopy, the inverted discoid segment appeared normal, without a tear; upon probing, however, the inverted segment could be exposed. Conclusion: An inverted discoid segment occurs during adolescence, and it is more likely to occur in male patients and more likely to be associated with activity-related pain and injury compared with a noninverted symptomatic discoid meniscus. A discoid meniscus with an inverted segment does not have the standard radiographic and arthroscopic features normally associated with a discoid meniscus.
Contribution of the Mission in Afghanistan to the Burden of Past-Year Mental Disorders in Canadian Armed Forces Personnel, 2013
Authors: Boulos David , Zamorski Mark A. 
Published: March 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the contribution of the mission in Afghanistan to the burden of mental health problems in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). Methods: Data were obtained from the 2013 Canadian Forces Mental Health Survey, which assessed mental disorders using the World Health Organization’s Composite International Diagnostic Interview. The sample consisted of 6696 Regular Force (RegF) personnel, 3384 of whom had deployed in support of the mission. We estimated the association of past-year mental health problems with Afghanistan deployment status, adjusting for covariates using logistic regression; population attributable fractions (PAFs) were also calculated. Results: Indication of a past-year mental disorder was identified in 18.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.0% to 19.7%) of Afghanistan deployers compared with 14.6% (95% CI, 13.3% to 15.8%) in others. Afghanistan-related deployments contributed to the burden of a past-year disorder (PAF = 8.7%; 95% CI, 3.0% to 14.2%), with the highest PAFs being seen for panic disorder (34.7%) and posttraumatic stress disorder (32.1%). The PAFs for individual alcohol use disorders and suicide ideation were not different from zero. Child abuse, however, had a much greater PAF for any past-year disorder (28.7%; 95% CI, 23.4% to 33.7%) than did the Afghanistan mission. Conclusions: The mission in Afghanistan contributed significantly to the burden of mental disorders in the CAF RegF in 2013. However, the much stronger contribution of child abuse highlights the need for strong military mental health systems, even in peacetime, and the need to target the full range of determinants of mental health in prevention and control efforts.
A Systematic Summary of Systematic Reviews on the Topic of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Authors: Anderson Michael J. , Browning William M. , Urband Christopher E. , Kluczynski Melissa A. , Bisson Leslie J. 
Published: March 2016

Background: There has been a substantial increase in the amount of systematic reviews and meta-analyses published on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Purpose: To quantify the number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses published on the ACL in the past decade and to provide an overall summary of this literature. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review of all ACL-related systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between January 2004 and September 2014 was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Database. Narrative reviews and non-English articles were excluded. Results: A total of 1031 articles were found, of which 240 met the inclusion criteria. Included articles were summarized and divided into 17 topics: anatomy, epidemiology, prevention, associated injuries, diagnosis, operative versus nonoperative management, graft choice, surgical technique, fixation methods, computer-assisted surgery, platelet-rich plasma, rehabilitation, return to play, outcomes assessment, arthritis, complications, and miscellaneous. Conclusion: A summary of systematic reviews on the ACL can supply the surgeon with a single source for the most up-to-date synthesis of the literature.
The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms
Authors: Swerdlow Steven H. , Campo Elias , Pileri Stefano A. , Harris Nancy Lee , Stein Harald , Siebert Reiner , Advani Ranjana , Ghielmini Michele , Salles Gilles A. , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Jaffe Elaine S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA revision of the nearly 8-year-old World Health Organization classification of the lymphoid neoplasms and the accompanying monograph is being published. It reflects a consensus among hematopathologists, geneticists, and clinicians regarding both updates to current entities as well as the addition of a limited number of new provisional entities. The revision clarifies the diagnosis and management of lesions at the very early stages of lymphomagenesis, refines the diagnostic criteria for some entities, details the expanding genetic/molecular landscape of numerous lymphoid neoplasms and their clinical correlates, and refers to investigations leading to more targeted therapeutic strategies. The major changes are reviewed with an emphasis on the most important advances in our understanding that impact our diagnostic approach, clinical expectations, and therapeutic strategies for the lymphoid neoplasms.
MRSA eradication of newly acquired lower respiratory tract infection in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Vallières Emilie , Rendall Jacqueline C. , Moore John E. , McCaughan John , Hoeritzauer Anne I. , Tunney Michael M. , Elborn Joseph Stuart , Downey Damian G. 
Published: March 2016

UK cystic fibrosis (CF) guidelines recommend eradication of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) when cultured from respiratory samples. As there is no clear consensus as to which eradication regimen is most effective, we determined the efficacy of eradication regimens used in our CF centre and long-term clinical outcome.All new MRSA positive sputum cultures (n=37) that occurred between 2000 and 2014 were reviewed. Eradication regimen characteristics and clinical, microbiological and long-term outcome data were collected.Rifampicin plus fusidic acid was the most frequently used regimen (24 (65%) out of 37 patients), with an overall success rate of 79% (19 out of 24 patients). Eradication failure was more likely in patients with an additional MRSA-positive peripheral screening swab (p=0.03) and was associated with worse survival (p=0.04).Our results demonstrate the feasibility and clinical benefits of MRSA eradication. As peripheral colonisation was associated with lower eradication success, strategies combining systemic and topical treatments should be considered to optimise outcomes in CF patients.
Mortality rates for chronic lower respiratory diseases in Italy from 1979 to 2010: an age–period–cohort analysis
Authors: Pesce Giancarlo 
Published: March 2016

Chronic lower respiratory diseases (CLRDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objectives of this study were to estimate the trends in CLRD mortality in Italy, and the specific contributions of age, time period and birth cohort in driving these trends.Population and cause-of-death data in Italy between 1979 and 2010 were collected from the World Health Organization website. Age-specific mortality rates for CLRDs, and effects for age, time period and birth cohort on mortality trends were estimated using age–period–cohort models.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic bronchitis represent nearly 98% of the deaths from CLRDs. Despite the overall number of deaths have been stable (in men) or increasing (in women), the age-standardised rates have been steadily decreasing from 1979 to 2010, passing from 104.3 to 55.4 per 100 000 person-years in men and from 32.2 to 19.6 per 100 000 person-years in women. The average relative annual decrease was −3.6% in men and −2.7% in women. Since the end of the 1990s, the decreasing trend of CLRD mortality has started to level off, in particular in women. The decrease in CLRD mortality rates has been more accentuated in more recent cohorts and in younger age groups.Both birth cohort and time period significantly affected the CLRD mortality rates, suggesting that changes in the spread of risk factors (smoking habits, early-life and occupational exposures) across different birth cohorts, as well as in advanced in healthcare and medical practice, may have played a major role in secular changes in COPD mortality rates in Italy.
Retinoic acid-primed human dendritic cells inhibit Th9 cells and induce Th1/Th17 cell differentiation
Authors: Rampal Ritika , Awasthi Amit , Ahuja Vineet 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
All-trans-retinoic acid plays a central role in mucosal immunity, where it promotes its synthesis by up-regulating CD103 expression on dendritic cells, induces gut tropic (α4β7+ and CCR9+) T cells, and inhibits Th1/Th17 differentiation. Recently, murine studies have highlighted the proinflammatory role of retinoic acid in maintaining inflammation under a variety of pathologic conditions. However, as a result of limited human data, we investigated the effect of retinoic acid on human dendritic cells and CD4+ T cell responses in the presence of polarizing (Th1/Th9/Th17) and inflammatory (LPS-induced dendritic cells) conditions. We report a novel role of retinoic acid in an inflammatory setup, where retinoic acid-primed dendritic cells (retinoic acid-monocyte-derived dendritic cells) up-regulated CCR9+T cells, which were observed to express high levels of IFN-γ in the presence of Th1/Th17 conditions. Retinoic acid-monocyte-derived dendritic cells, under Th17 conditions, also favored the induction of IL-17+ T cells. Furthermore, in the presence of TGF-β1 and IL-4, retinoic acid-monocyte-derived dendritic cells inhibited IL-9 and induced IFN-γ expression on T cells. Experiments with naïve CD4+ T cells, activated in the presence of Th1/Th17 conditions and absence of DCs, indicated that retinoic acid inhibited IFN-γ and IL-17 expression on T cells. These data revealed that in the face of inflammatory conditions, retinoic acid, in contrast from its anti-inflammatory role, could maintain or aggravate the intestinal inflammation.
Prospects of image-making as an essential development instrument of tourist services in Samara
Authors: Алексушин Глеб , Aleksushin Gleb 
Published: March 2016

The article discusses the prospects and objectives of Samara’s image-making for the growth of tourist potential of the region. In fact, it comes to creating the ideology of tourism development in Samara and Samara Region. Author has distinguished three basic tourism brands within the framework of Samara&#180;s image-making, analyzing each of which as a system of sub-brands. In addition to the basic, less significant brands are formulated the article. Farther, in the analysis of tourism and recreation cluster (TRC) twelve basic types of resources and organizations - participants of TRC - are allocated. Authorial understanding of the structure of TRC is shown for a more adequate perception of it. As well as, the nature and levels of use of the image of the city by specific organizations - representatives of the TRC in Samara are analyzed. Particularly, 127 accommodation facilities and 306 foodservice facilities are analyzed. The efficiency of the three basic tourism brands of Samara in the names of firms-members of tourism business and souvenirs is studied.
As a result, the author has formulated not only the general characteristics of the brands usage, but also the development strategy of image and branding in the evolution of tourist services in Samara.
Development prospects of domestic and inbound tourism in Zabaykalsky Krai
Authors: Устюжина Алена , Ustyuzhina Alena 
Published: March 2016

Article examines the prospects for the development of domestic and inbound tourism in Zabaykalsky Krai (Transbaikal region). The author notes that the perspective directions of domestic and inbound tourism can be based on the use of own tourist and recreational resources. Zabaykalsky Krai is well known for its cultural, historical, geological, natural and religious monuments, resort and recreation areas, and sports tourism routes. The dominant role is now played by environmental, educational and health-improving tourism in the tourism industry of the territory. The author notes that scientific, religious, social (child, junior, youth), sports, fishing, rural, congress types of tourism are the most promising.
The author correlates the main types of tourism with the respective tourism resources of Zabaykalsky Krai, with using the method of tourism zoning. As well as, statistics for last years that describes the dynamics of the development of domestic and inbound tourism in the region is given.
The author has conducted SWOT-analysis of tourism development on the territory of Zabaykalsky Krai to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the tourism industry, and also to estimate external potential threats and tourism opportunities. Creation of the Chita and Transbaikal tourism and recreational clusters in Zabaykalsky Krai is justified. The article analyzes the regional long-term target program &#34;Development of domestic and inbound tourism in Zabaykalsky Krai (2014-2018 years)&#34;, describes the stages of the program.
Additional educational program “Young Tour Guide School”
Authors: Ерофеева Жанна , Erofeeva Zhanna , Романова Ольга , Romanova Olga , Киселева Татьяна , Kiseleva Tatyana 
Published: March 2016

Civil and patriotic education is a priority of education at the present stage of society development. Traditional forms of work (lectures, lesson, class hours) does not allow to generate inner attitude in students, so the new methods and techniques, providing an active position of schoolchildren and experience of socially approved independent work, are in necessity. Excursions in the school museum conducted by trainees can be regarded as a form of such work. But the organization of excursions or preparation of the exhibition requires forming of appropriate competences in schoolchildren. Teachers working in this area have experienced a number of scientific and methodological, methodical and organizational difficulties. The temporary creative team has analyzed existing practices in this field, has taken into account the shortcomings, and has used the best practices of educational institutions. The methodology and technology training of tour guides for museums in educational organizations are summarized in the program &#34;Young Tour Guide School&#34;.
The article presents additional educational program for school museums tour guides, developed by experts of Center for children and youth tourism and excursions in Yaroslavl region, staff of Agency for Tourism in Yaroslavl region, and scientists from leading universities of Yaroslavl. The program includes curriculum, methodical and didactic support. The authors have developed assessment criteria of the effectiveness of this educational program, which allows monitoring the educational activity. The article describes two possible models of implementation of the program and outlines the prospects for its development and improvement.
Additional educational program &#34;Young Tour Guide School&#34;, submitted in the article, has been tested and has proven its effectiveness for the formation of experience of independent public action of students.
Beautification and preservation of the sites of memory of World War I in West Belarus in 1921-1939
Authors: Морозов Дмитрий , Morozov Dmitriy 
Published: March 2016

This article describes the process of preservation and beautification of military cemeteries and memorials of World War I on the territory of Western Belarus in 1921-1939. Aspects of cooperation between state bodies and public organizations are discussed. The author relies on the legislative acts and periodicals of that period, as well as modern literature and Web-sites of specialized public organizations. The article considers the main legislative acts that manage activities for protection and arrangement of sites of memory of World War I. The questions of the relation of the different people to memory of the victims of Great World are raised; examples of particular actions for its preservation on the territory of the Western Belarus in 1921-1939 are given.
The author determines the role of World War I in the history of Belarus and its heritage. The article contains information about key battles on Eastern front, and also about features of burial of soldiers of the Imperial Russian Army. The special attention is paid to joint military burials where Russian and German soldiers were buried and which are symbols of posthumous reconciliation of hostile sides.
Various ways integration of sites of memory of Great War&#180;s to modern military patriotic routes, which are urged to inform new generations about this grandiose conflict of the XX century, are considered.