bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spurensuche
Authors: Harrison Edward 
Published: October 2017

Vorspann
Es gibt kaum Bücher zur Geschichte des Dritten Reichs, die nur wenige Jahre nach dem apokalyptischen Ende verfasst wurden, aber bis heute anerkannt sind und aufmerksame Leser finden. Dazu gehört Hugh Trevor-Ropers 1947 erschienene Studie „The Last Days of Hitler“, die ein Jahr später ins Deutsche übersetzt und seither wiederholt neu aufgelegt wurde. Edward Harrison spürt den Wurzeln dieses Bestsellers nach, analysiert die Doppelrolle Trevor-Ropers als Historiker und Geheimdienstoffizier und legt seine von Misstrauen und rastloser Reisetätigkeit geprägte Arbeitsweise offen. Harrison kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass Trevor-Roper das Material für sein Buch weitgehend selbst zusammengetragen und nicht großzügig die Vorarbeiten von Kollegen ausgewertet hat, wie auch behauptet worden ist.
Der Krieg und der Tod
Authors: Großheim Martin 
Published: October 2017

Vorspann
Wenn von Vietnam die Rede ist, so drängt sich die Assoziation an den Vietnamkrieg zwischen 1964 und 1975 auf. Dabei gerät in Vergessenheit, dass die Geschichte des Lands jahrzehntelang vom Krieg geprägt war. Die Gegner hießen Frankreich, USA, Kambodscha und schließlich China. Martin Großheim wirft ein facettenreiches Schlaglicht auf einen kaum erforschten Aspekt der Gewaltgeschichte Vietnams: Er arbeitet die Bedeutung des Heldengedenkens für ein lange geteiltes, und dann unter kommunistischer Herrschaft wiedervereinigtes Land heraus, betont die politisch-legitimatorische Funktion des von der Kommunistischen Partei propagierten Märtyrerkults und verweist auf zivilgesellschaftliche Räume für alternative Formen des Gedenkens, die sich in den letzten Jahren eröffnet haben.
Das Ungelesene lesen
Authors: Polian Pavel 
Published: October 2017

Vorspann
Nur wenige Mitglieder des Sonderkommandos von Auschwitz, in dem jüdische Häftlinge Hilfsdienste bei den Gaskammern und Krematorien leisten mussten, überlebten. Einige verfassten, den sicheren Tod vor Augen, Botschaften an die Nachwelt und vergruben sie. Zu ihnen gehörte Marcel Nadjari aus Thessaloniki, der wie durch ein Wunder mit dem Leben davonkam. Seine Aufzeichnungen wurden erst 1980 gefunden – kaum noch lesbar. Pavel Polian gelang es mit Hilfe des Informatikers Aleksandr Nikitjaev, einen Großteil des Texts zu rekonstruieren. Er dokumentiert die nach über 70 Jahren zugänglichen Mitteilungen aus der Todeszone hier erstmalig weitgehend vollständig in deutscher Sprache.
Laboratory Evaluation of Aging on Engineering Properties of Fine-Graded Porous-Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Liao M.-C. , Lin Y.-Y. , Tseng M.-Y. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Porous-asphalt concrete (PAC), with its large portion of void content, would result in an increased potential for accelerating aging. Rapid oxidation of the asphalt binder films has an adverse impact on the structural durability of PAC pavements. In addition, the use of fine-graded PAC is more desirable; they have a potential to be more economical because they can be placed in thinner layers. The aim of this work is to characterize the influence of aging on the engineering properties of fine-graded PACs. Test results show that aged PAC mixtures are found to have the better performance in tensile strength and rutting resistance compared to unaged PACs, but the aging has a detrimental influence on the raveling resistance and moisture susceptibility. The 4-day long-term aging procedure led to a considerable reduction in the tensile-strength ratio for PAC mixtures irrespective of binder type and gradation. In addition, the values of resilient modulus and tensile strength for the fine-graded PACs appeared to be higher than those for the coarser-graded PAC mixture. Based on the results obtained from the wheel track testing, the use of premium asphalt enhanced the cohesive strength and adhesion, thereby reducing the proportional rut depth of PAC. In terms of the overall performance evaluation, the fine-graded PAC with the highly modified asphalt binder can be used without compromising engineering properties.
Flexible Pavement Interface Bonding: Theoretical Analysis and Shear-Strength Measurement
Authors: Wang H. , Xu G. , Wang Z. , Bennert T. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
It has been proven that the interface bonding between asphalt layers is critical to flexible pavement performance, especially for pavement overlays. However, the requirement on interface bonding strength has not been specified to prevent premature pavement failure, such as slippage cracking or early fatigue cracking. In this paper, pavement structural analysis was conducted to predict the interface shear stress between the surface and intermediate asphalt layers under the combination of vertical and horizontal loading at different temperatures. The effect of interface debonding on pavement life was quantified using the state-of-art mechanistic–empirical pavement-analysis software (AASHTO Pavement-ME) with local parameters. Field cores were taken to measure the interface bonding strength; using the direct shear device theoretical analysis, results show that the minimum-bond-strength requirement should be around 70 psi to prevent premature pavement failure, such as slippage cracking or fatigue cracking. This requirement can be easily achieved in field projects based on the testing results of bond strength from field cores.
A Multilevel Functional Study of aSNAP25At-Risk Variant for Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia
Authors: Houenou Josselin , Boisgontier Jennifer , Henrion Annabelle , d'Albis Marc-Antoine , Dumaine Anne , Linke Julia , Wessa Michèle , Daban Claire , Hamdani Nora , Delavest Marine , Llorca Pierre-Michel , Lançon Christophe , Schürhoff Franck , Szöke Andrei , Le Corvoisier Philippe , Barau Caroline , Poupon Cyril , Etain Bruno , Leboyer Marion , Jamain Stéphane 
Published: October 2017

The synaptosomal-associated protein SNAP25 is a key player in synaptic vesicle docking and fusion and has been associated with multiple psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. We recently identified a promoter variant inSNAP25,rs6039769, that is associated with early-onset bipolar disorder and a higher gene expression level in human prefrontal cortex. In the current study, we showed that this variant was associated both in males and females with schizophrenia in two independent cohorts. We then combinedin vitroandin vivoapproaches in humans to understand the functional impact of the at-risk allele. Thus, we showedin vitrothat thers6039769C allele was sufficient to increase theSNAP25transcription level. In a postmortem expression analysis of 33 individuals affected with schizophrenia and 30 unaffected control subjects, we showed that theSNAP25b/SNAP25aratio was increased in schizophrenic patients carrying thers6039769at-risk allele. Last, using genetics imaging in a cohort of 71 subjects, we showed that male risk carriers had an increased amygdala–ventromedial prefrontal cortex functional connectivity and a larger amygdala than non-risk carriers. The latter association has been replicated in an independent cohort of 121 independent subjects. Altogether, results from these multilevel functional studies are bringing strong evidence for the functional consequences of this allelic variation ofSNAP25on modulating the development and plasticity of the prefrontal–limbic network, which therefore may increase the vulnerability to both early-onset bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFunctional characterization of disease-associated variants is a key challenge in understanding neuropsychiatric disorders and will open an avenue in the development of personalized treatments. Recent studies have accumulated evidence that the SNARE complex, and more specifically the SNAP25 protein, may be involved in psychiatric disorders. Here, our multilevel functional studies are bringing strong evidence for the functional consequences of an allelic variation ofSNAP25on modulating the development and plasticity of the prefrontal–limbic network. These results demonstrate a common genetically driven functional alteration of a synaptic mechanism both in schizophrenia and early-onset bipolar disorder and confirm the shared genetic vulnerability between these two disorders.
The Role of Oscillatory Phase in Determining the Temporal Organization of Perception: Evidence from Sensory Entrainment
Authors: Ronconi Luca , Melcher David 
Published: October 2017

Recent behavioral, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological studies have renewed the idea that the information processing within different temporal windows is linked to the phase and/or frequency of the ongoing oscillations, predominantly in the theta/alpha band (∼4–7 and 8–12 Hz, respectively). However, being correlational in nature, this evidence might reflect a nonfunctional byproduct rather than having a causal role. A more direct link can be shown with methods that manipulate oscillatory activity. Here, we used audiovisual entrainment at different frequencies in the prestimulus period of a temporal integration/segregation task. We hypothesized that entrainment would align ongoing oscillations and drive them toward the stimulation frequency. To reveal behavioral oscillations in temporal perception after the entrainment, we sampled the segregation/integration performance densely in time. In Experiment 1, two groups of human participants (both males and females) received stimulation either at the lower or the upper boundary of the alpha band (∼8.5 vs 11.5 Hz). For both entrainment frequencies, we found a phase alignment of the perceptual oscillation across subjects, but with two different power spectra that peaked near the entrainment frequency. These results were confirmed when perceptual oscillations were characterized in the time domain with sinusoidal fittings. In Experiment 2, we replicated the findings in a within-subject design, extending the results for frequencies in the theta (∼6.5 Hz), but not in the beta (∼15 Hz), range. Overall, these findings show that temporal segregation can be modified by sensory entrainment, providing evidence for a critical role of ongoing oscillations in the temporal organization of perception.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe continuous flow of sensory input is not processed in an analog fashion, but rather is grouped by the perceptual system over time. Recent studies pinpointed the phase and/or frequency of the neural oscillations in the theta/alpha band (∼4–12 Hz) as possible mechanisms underlying temporal windows in perception. Here, we combined two innovative methodologies to provide more direct support for this evidence. We used sensory entrainment to align neural oscillations to different frequencies and then characterized the resultant perceptual oscillation with a temporal dense sampling of the integration/segregation performance. Our results provide the first evidence that the frequency of temporal segregation can be modified by sensory entrainment, supporting a critical role of ongoing oscillations in the integration/segregation of information over time.
Testing Genetic Pleiotropy with GWAS Summary Statistics for Marginal and Conditional Analyses
Authors: Deng Yangqing , Pan Wei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe ability to detect pleiotropy has important biological applications, but there is a lack of rigorous tests available. One exception is a recent test..There is growing interest in testing genetic pleiotropy, which is when a single genetic variant influences multiple traits. Several methods have been proposed; however, these methods have some limitations. First, all the proposed methods are based on the use of individual-level genotype and phenotype data; in contrast, for logistical, and other, reasons, summary statistics of univariate SNP-trait associations are typically only available based on meta- or mega-analyzed large genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. Second, existing tests are based on marginal pleiotropy, which cannot distinguish between direct and indirect associations of a single genetic variant with multiple traits due to correlations among the traits. Hence, it is useful to consider conditional analysis, in which a subset of traits is adjusted for another subset of traits. For example, in spite of substantial lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) with statin therapy, some patients still maintain high residual cardiovascular risk, and, for these patients, it might be helpful to reduce their triglyceride (TG) level. For this purpose, in order to identify new therapeutic targets, it would be useful to identify genetic variants with pleiotropic effects on LDL and TG after adjusting the latter for LDL; otherwise, a pleiotropic effect of a genetic variant detected by a marginal model could simply be due to its association with LDL only, given the well-known correlation between the two types of lipids. Here, we develop a new pleiotropy testing procedure based only on GWAS summary statistics that can be applied for both marginal analysis and conditional analysis. Although the main technical development is based on published union-intersection testing methods, care is needed in specifying conditional models to avoid invalid statistical estimation and inference. In addition to the previously used likelihood ratio test, we also propose using generalized estimating equations under the working independence model for robust inference. We provide numerical examples based on both simulated and real data, including two large lipid GWAS summary association datasets based on ∼100,000 and ∼189,000 samples, respectively, to demonstrate the difference between marginal and conditional analyses, as well as the effectiveness of our new approach.
Ossifying fibroma – diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up: case report and literature review
Authors: Andriola Fernando De Oliveira , Zanettini Leonardo Matos Santolim , Barreiro Bernardo Ottoni Braga , Saraiva Valéria Rodrigues , Maito Fábio Luiz Dal Moro , Fritscher Guilherme Genehr , Heitz Cláiton , Pagnoncelli Rogério Miranda 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE: This article presents a case of ossifying fibroma (OF), including its diagnosis, treatment, and 15-month clinical and radiographic follow-up as well as a review of the literature about this pathology.CASE REPORT: A routine panoramic radiograph of a 27-year-old, systemically healthy, white woman revealed a radiolucent lesion with well-defined sclerotic margins of approximately 3 × 2 cm in the mandible. The histopathological diagnosis revealed it was an OF. Lower Right Canine and Lower Right First Premolar teeth were endodontically treated for later surgical removal of the tumor. There was no history of trauma in the region.CONCLUSION: OF is a benign fibro-osseous tumor of the craniofacial bones commonly involving the jaws, especially the mandible. The diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, radiographic and histologic criteria. Conservative treatment is an effective option that reduces morbidity and simplifies postoperative rehabilitation. We emphasize the importance of properly documenting individual cases and interpreting postoperative radiographic images along with the patients in order to avoid possible confusion between areas of bone repair and of potentially suspicious lesions in the future.
Strong negative effect of diurnal rainfall on nocturnal activity of a wandering spider in Central Amazonia
Authors: Queiroz Marlus , Gasnier Thierry 
Published: October 2017

Rainfall is a common phenomenon in tropical forests influencing the behavior of many animals, however, little is known about its post-occurrence effect on behavior. We investigated the effect of diurnal rainfall on the nocturnal activity of the wandering spider species Phoneutria reidyi in nights without rainfall. Our study included two different areas and periods: a coconut plantation, located 108 km from the city of Manaus, containing an area of 80 m x 80 m with 105 palms, from July 2014 to July 2015; and an area of 80 m x 80 m in a rainforest fragment in Manaus, from December 2015 to March 2016. Each night, we counted active spiders (found outside refugees) searching carefully on the vegetation and on the ground using a headlamp between 19:00-00:00. Spiders were not captured to avoid the effect of disturbance, and were measured by approaching a caliper rule. We used an index to measure the diurnal rainfall effect (DRE) which was the percentage of change in the number of active spiders at night after a diurnal rainfall, considering 100 % the number of spiders active at the previous or following night, without previous rainfall during the day. This pairwise approach was used to avoid seasonal bias and included 15 pairs of nights in the plantation, and 15 pairs in the forest. A total of 2 243 active spiders were counted. The number of active spiders was always smaller in nights after diurnal rainfall, with a mean reduction of 53.4 %. The abundance of active spiders reduced significantly in both areas after a diurnal rainfall, and the effect was not different between areas. Larger spiders (mostly adults) reduced their activity (-62.8 %) more than smaller spiders (juveniles, -48.5 %). The amount of rainfall during the day had no effect on the nocturnal activity, i.e., the effect of strong diurnal rainfall is similar to the effect of a weak rainfall. The air temperature did not change significantly at night after diurnal rainfalls. The seasonality of rainfall apparently has a weak or absent effect on the abundance of P. reidyi, which was approximately constant through one year. We believe that the moisture, which may affect the chemical cues of prey, is the major cause to reduce the active spiders after rainfall, but we discuss other potential causes. Smaller individuals are probably more active under less favorable conditions due to the stronger need of food for growing. If this effect of rainfall on the behavior is common for wandering spiders in general, the rainfall events may have important consequences for the entire community of arthropods and small vertebrates. We suggest that studies based on relative abundance of spiders should take in account this potential effect in collection and analysis of data.
Miasto – w stronę ponowoczesnej wielokulturowości
Authors: Kisiel Przemysław 
Published: October 2017

The article characterizes multiculturalism in the modern city. It begins by analysing the notion that cultural diversity is a natural feature of the city. But the contemporary processes of cultural diffusion, globalisation and the fragmentation and recomposition of culture have a significant impact on the production of the postmodern multiculturalism of cities, which is supported by the formation of an individual level of cultural identity. The analysis also distinguishes and characterises the basic types of postmodern multi­culturalism: immanent multiculturalism, instrumental multiculturalism and tourist multiculturalism.
Przestrzenie pamięci w miastach o trudnej historii. Konflikty wokół narracji miejskich
Authors: Karwińska Anna 
Published: October 2017

The article discusses the controversies around memory spaces that arise as an effect of historical processes. Different groups of city dwellers and users create their own important spaces and build their vision of the city. By doing so they use urban space and history to most effectively mark their presence in them. Some parts of city may have a difficult history where a wanted and an unwanted heritage coexist. Memory in urban space can be perceived as a tool that helps to define oneself in relation to others. This memory can also be used to create the meaning of one’s own actions, choices and evaluation criteria. The author presents different examples of cities with a difficult history to discuss the thesis on the controversial character of memory spaces created by different groups.
Production of Phytotoxic Metabolite Using Biphasic Fermentation System from Strain C1136 of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, a Potential Bioherbicidal Agent
Authors: ADETUNJI Charles Oluwaseun , OLOKE Julius Kola , PRASAD Gandham , ABALAKA Moses , IROKANULO Emenike Onyebum 
Published: October 2017

Formulation of effective and environmental friendly bioherbicides depends on the type of fermentation medium used for the production of phytotoxic metabolites. The effect of biomass, colony forming unit and the phytotoxic metabolite produced from the biphasic fermentation was carried out, while the phytotoxic metabolite was tested in vivo and in-vitro on Echinochola crus-galli and dicotyledonous Chromolaena odorata. The mutant strain of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae C1136 (Lp90) produced the highest amount of conidia and the largest necrotic area on the two tested weeds when compared to its wild strain in the different biphasic media combinations. The study revealed that the biphasic system containing PDB + rice produced the highest bioherbicidal activities. Therefore, the phytotoxic metabolites from strain C1136 are suggested for large scale production of bioherbicides for the management of weeds in conventional farming to improve yield and enhance food security.
Body Weight, Carapace Length and Width Relationship and Condition Factor of the Mud Crab Scylla serrata (Forskal) in Mangrove Ecosystem
Authors: MYLA Sarvabhowma Chakravarty , TIRUMANI Vijaya Bharathi , PATURI Rama Chandra Ganesh 
Published: October 2017

The relationship of length-weight and width-weight of the carapace and the relative condition factor of mud crab Scylla serrata from Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary (Andhra Pradesh, India) was the subject of present study. Significant difference in both males and females was observed between carapace length-weight, carapace width-weight with a linear relationship. The regression values of both the sexes were found to be statistically significant. The regression equations calculated for length-weight were W= 0.00000178 L 3.1139 (r= 0.95) for males, W= 0.00000520 L 2.8056 (r=0.94) for females and for sexes combined it was W = 0.0000297 L 2.9891(r= 0.94). In case of carapace width-weight relationship of males, females and sexes combined the regression equations were W= 0.00000121 CW 3.0426 (r= 0.92), W= 0.00000178 CW 2.775 (r=0.93) and W = 0.00000204 CW 2.9210(r= 0.92) respectively. The male crabs showed positive allometric growth whereas female had negative allometric growth. Analysis of covariance confirmed remarkable difference between males and females in the growth pattern. The mean relative condition factor (Kn values) of both males and females and of the pooled sexes ranged from 0.680 (April) to 1.029 (November). A gradual raise in Kn values was observed from small- to big- sized crabs in both the sexes. Peak values were observed in 12.0-13.9 cm size group in November.