bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase II study of induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy in patients with borderline resectable and unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: Fiore Michele , Ramella Sara , Valeri Sergio , Caputo Damiano , Floreno Barnaba , Trecca Pasquale , Trodella Luca Eolo , Trodella Lucio , D’Angelillo Rolando Maria , Coppola Roberto 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThere is not a clear consensus regarding the optimal treatment of locally advanced pancreatic disease. There is a potential role for neoadjuvant therapy to treat micrometastatic disease with chemotherapy, as well as for the treatment of local disease with radiotherapy. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of induction chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and gemcitabine followed by a high weekly dose of gemcitabine concurrent to radiation therapy in patients with borderline resectable and unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer. In our study, 41 patients with pancreatic cancer were evaluated. In all cases an accurate pre-treatment staging was performed. Patients with evidence of metastatic disease were excluded, and thus a total of 34 patients were consequently enrolled. Of these, twenty-seven patients (80%) had locally advanced unresectable tumours, seven patients (20%) had borderline resectable disease. This protocol treatment represents a well-tolerated promising approach. Fifteen patients (55.5%) underwent surgical radical resection. With a median follow-up of 20 months, the median PFS and OS were 20 months and 19.2 months, respectively. The median OS for borderline resectable patients was 21.5 months compared with 14 months for unresectable patients (p = 0.3). Continued optimization in multimodality therapy and an accurate patient selection remain crucial points for the appropriate treatment of these patients.
Rare Earth Doped Silica Nanoparticles via Thermolysis of a Single Source Metallasilsesquioxane Precursor
Authors: Davies Gemma-Louise , O’Brien John , Gun’ko Yurii K. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRare earth metal doped silica nanoparticles have significant advantages over traditional organic dyes and quantum dots. Silsesquioxanes are promising precursors in the production of silica nanoparticles by thermolysis, due to their structural similarities with silica materials. This manuscript describes the production of a new Eu3+-based metallasilsesquioxane species and its use as a single source precursor in the thermolytic production of luminescent rare earth metal doped silica nanoparticles with characteristic emission in the visible region of the spectrum.
Deployable micro-traps to sequester motile bacteria
Authors: Di Giacomo Raffaele , Krödel Sebastian , Maresca Bruno , Benzoni Patrizia , Rusconi Roberto , Stocker Roman , Daraio Chiara 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe development of strategies to reduce the load of unwanted bacteria is a fundamental challenge in industrial processing, environmental sciences and medical applications. Here, we report a new method to sequester motile bacteria from a liquid, based on passive, deployable micro-traps that confine bacteria using micro-funnels that open into trapping chambers. Even in low concentrations, micro-traps afford a 70% reduction in the amount of bacteria in a liquid sample, with a potential to reach >90% as shown by modelling improved geometries. This work introduces a new approach to contain the growth of bacteria without chemical means, an advantage of particular importance given the alarming growth of pan-drug-resistant bacteria.
Elucidating fish oil-induced milk fat depression in dairy sheep: Milk somatic cell transcriptome analysis
Authors: Suárez-Vega Aroa , Toral Pablo G. , Gutiérrez-Gil Beatriz , Hervás Gonzalo , Arranz Juan José , Frutos Pilar 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this study, RNA sequencing was used to obtain a comprehensive profile of the transcriptomic changes occurring in the mammary gland of lactating sheep suffering from fish oil-induced milk fat depression (FO-MFD). The milk somatic cell transcriptome analysis of four control and four FO-MFD ewes generated an average of 42 million paired-end reads per sample. In both conditions, less than 220 genes constitute approximately 89% of the total counts. These genes, which are considered as core genes, were mainly involved incytoplasmic ribosomal proteinsandelectron transport chainpathways. In total, 117 genes were upregulated, and 96 genes were downregulated in FO-MFD samples. Functional analysis of the latter indicated a downregulation of genes involved in theSREBP signalingpathway (e.g.,ACACA, ACSL, andACSS) and Gene Ontology terms related tolipid metabolismandlipid biosyntheticprocesses. Integrated interpretation of upregulated genes indicated enrichment in genes encoding plasma membrane proteins and proteins regulating protein kinase activity. Overall, our results indicate that FO-MFD is associated with the downregulation of key genes involved in the mammary lipogenesis process. In addition, the results also suggest that this syndrome may be related to upregulation of other genes implicated in signal transduction and codification of transcription factors.
Non-photonic sensing of membrane-delimited reactive species with a Na+ channel protein containing selenocysteine
Authors: Ojha Navin K. , Leipold Enrico , Schönherr Roland , Hoshi Toshinori , Heinemann Stefan H. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPhotonic experiments are of key importance in life sciences but light-induced side effects are serious confounding factors. Here we introduce roNaV2, an engineered voltage-gated Na+ channel harboring a selenocysteine in its inactivation motif, as a non-photonic, sensitive, gateable, and reversible sensor for membrane-delimited reactive species. roNaV2 allows for the assessment of chemical modification induced in fluorescence microscopy settings with high sensitivity and time resolution and it demonstrates the usefulness of ion channels as highly sensitive reporters of membrane processes.
Effect of high‐k dielectric on the performance of Si, InAs and CNT FET
Authors: Mech Bhubon Chandra , Kumar Jitendra 
Published: April 2017

The important issue of selection of gate dielectrics to reduce short channel effects (SCEs) is presented along with the study of different channel materials in transistors. A comparative study of performance was carried out of silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminium oxide (Al2O3), hafnium oxide (HfO2), lanthanum oxide (La2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as gate dielectrics for Si double gate field‐effect transistor (FET), Si gate all around (GAA) nanowire FET (NWFET), indium arsenide GAA NWFET and carbon nanotube (CNT) FETs within non‐equilibrium Green's function formalism. Simulated results show that TiO2 is better gate dielectric as compared with SiO2, Al2O3, HfO2 and La2O3, with near ideal subthreshold swing (60 mV/decade), lower Ioff, improved drain‐induced barrier lowering and high transconductance (gm). Also, the gate capacitance (Cg), cut‐off frequency (fT) and switching time (τ) improve with the high‐k dielectric materials. Furthermore, the study of different channel material shows that CNT has better SCEs, smaller Cg with τ ranging from 13.5 to 12.5 fs suitable for digital applications and fT of about 7–9 THz.
Viscoelastic Testing in Trauma
Authors: Baumann Holger , Klinkspoor J. , Goslings J. , Juffermans Nicole , Wirtz Mathijs 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTraumatic-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a complex condition which develops both as a response to trauma as well as to clinical care interventions. Accurate and timely diagnostics are necessary to enable therapy aimed at correction of TIC. Viscoelastic hemostatic assays (VHA) are increasingly recognized for their potential to diagnose TIC as well as for guidance of treatment. This narrative review focuses on the evidence of the use of VHAs to diagnose TIC, to monitor efficacy of treatment of TIC during bleeding and to prognosticate outcome. Pitfalls of the use of VHA are also discussed.
Bleeding Complications and Management on anticoagulant therapy
Authors: Schulman Sam 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPatients treated with anticoagulants have an unavoidable risk of bleeding complications. There are, for all oral anticoagulants, several potential options for management of major bleeding. The first action is to assess the causative role of the anticoagulant in the current bleeding. Supportive measures have been assessed in several post hoc analyses of the phase III pivotal trials with the non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). Those results will be reviewed here together with emerging data on the efficacy and safety of the specific antidotes idarucizumab (for dabigatran) and andexanet-α (for factor Xa inhibitors). Regular or activated prothrombin complex concentrates are also evaluated and might have a role as alternatives for management of NOAC-associated major bleeding if the “specific” antidote is not available. Once hemostasis has been achieved, it is imperative to assess the possibility and timing of resumption of anticoagulation, as these patients have an inherent prothrombotic state and a non-negligible proportion of patients will have thromboembolic complications during the first month after the hemorrhage. Many factors will have to be taken into account for this decision and unfortunately the guidelines in this respect are very weak if at all available. This review will hopefully provide some assistance in the management of major bleeding and posthemorrhage care.
Delivering strong
1
H nuclear hyperpolarization levels and long magnetic lifetimes through signal amplification by reversible exchange
Authors: Rayner Peter J. , Burns Michael J. , Olaru Alexandra M. , Norcott Philip , Fekete Marianna , Green Gary G. R. , Highton Louise A. R. , Mewis Ryan E. , Duckett Simon B. 
Published: April 2017

Significance
The study of molecules and materials is of great significance to both science and human welfare. The noninvasive techniques of NMR and MRI reflect two of the most important methods to study them. However, both of these approaches are insensitive, and hyperpolarization methods to improve sensitivity are needed to access new applications. The hyperpolarization approach signal amplification by reversible exchange is used to produce a signal that is 100,000 times larger than that which would be seen on a routine clinical MRI scanner under Boltzmann equilibrium conditions. By revealing the broad scope of this approach we demonstrate its potential for the future diagnostic detection of metabolites, drugs, and many other small molecules.
Whose line is it anyway?
Authors: Bennett Sam 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Pride marches are increasingly common in the 'global South' and can be seen as signs of progress towards greater social acceptance of sexual minorities. Such movements often appropriate and mimic semiotic symbols and discursive frames visible in Pride movements in countries in the North, such as rainbow flags and the discourse of human rights. However, there is also a degree of recontextualisation of these symbols and frames in order to deal with specific local social, political, cultural and economic contexts. Though at different 'stages' of acceptance of non-heteronormative lifestyles, India and South Africa offer fruitful sites for comparative, qualitative research. In analysing the language of print media as a way of gauging how Pride movements are discursively constructed, the paper focuses on nominational and predicational strategies (Reisigl and Wodak 2001) to critically analyse actor representations in a sample of articles from national newspapers from each country.
Language performance of sequential bilinguals on an Irish and English sentence repetition task
Authors: Antonijevic Stanislava , Durham Ruth , Chonghaile Íde Ní 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Currently there are no standardized language assessments for English-Irish bilingual school age children that would test languages in a comparable way. There are also no standardized language assessments of Irish for this age group. The current study aimed to design comparable language assessments in both languages targeting structures known to be challenging for children with language impairments. A sentence repetition (SRep) task equivalent to the English SRep task (Marinis, Chiat, Armon-Lotem, Piper, & Roy, 2011) was designed for Irish. Twenty-four typically developing, sequential bilingual children immersed in Irish in the educational setting performed better on the English SRep task than on the Irish SRep task. Different patterns were observed in language performance across sentence types with performance on relative clauses being particularly poor in Irish. Similarly, differences were observed in error patterns with the highest number of errors of omission in Irish, and the highest number of substitution errors in English.
Electrocardiographic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Predicts Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Hypertensive Patients: The ALLHAT Study
Authors: Bang Casper N , Soliman Elsayed Z , Simpson Lara M , Davis Barry R , Devereux Richard B , Okin Peter M ,   and for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Electrocardiographic (ECG) left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. However, the predictive value of ECG LVH in treated hypertensive patients remains unclear.

METHODS
A total of 33,357 patients (aged ≥ 55 years) with hypertension and at least 1 other coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factor were randomized to chlorthalidone, amlodipine, or lisinopril. The outcome of the present study was all-cause mortality; and secondary endpoints were CHD, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, angina, heart failure (HF), and peripheral arterial disease. Cornell voltage criteria (S in V3 + R in aVL &gt; 28 [men] or &gt;22 mm [women]) defined ECG LVH.

RESULTS
ECGs were available at baseline in 26,384 patients. Baseline Cornell voltage LVH was present in 1,741 (7%) patients, who were older (67.4 vs. 66.6 years, P &lt; 0.001), more likely to be female (74 vs. 44%, P &lt; 0001) with a higher systolic blood pressure (151 vs. 146 mm Hg, P &lt; 0.001) than patients without ECG LVH. During 5.0 ± 1.4 years mean follow-up, baseline and in-study ECG LVH was significantly associated with 29 to 98% increased risks of all-cause mortality, MI, CHD, stroke, and HF in multivariable Cox analyses.

CONCLUSIONS
Baseline Cornell voltage LVH is associated with increased CV morbidity and all-cause mortality in treated hypertensive patients independent of treatment modality and other CV risk factors.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT00000542.
Detrital magnetization of laboratory-redeposited sediments
Authors: Valet Jean-Pierre , Tanty Cyrielle , Carlut Julie 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We conducted several redeposition experiments in laboratory using natural and artificial sediments in order to investigate the role of grain size and lithology on sedimentary remanence acquisition. The role of grain size was investigated by using sorted sediment from natural turbidites. Taking advantage of the magnetic grain size distribution within turbidites, we compared redeposition experiments performed with coarse magnetic grains taken from the bottom layers of a turbidite with fine grains from the upper layers of the same turbidite. In order to document the magnetization acquired for increasing sediment concentrations that is analogous to increasing depth in the sediment column, the samples were frozen at temperatures between −5 and −10 °C. Magnetization acquisition behaved similarly in both situations, so that little smearing of the palaeomagnetic signal should be linked to grain size variability within this context. Other series of experiments were aimed at investigating the influence of lithology. We used clay or carbonated sediments that were combined with magnetic separates from basaltic rocks or with single-domain biogenic magnetite. The experiments revealed that the magnetization responded differently with clay and carbonates. Clay rapidly inhibited alignment of magnetic grains at low concentrations and, therefore, significant magnetization lock-in occurred despite large water contents, perhaps even within the bioturbated layer. Extension of the process over a deeper interval contributes to smear the geomagnetic signal and therefore to alter the palaeomagnetic record. In carbonates, the magnetization was acquired within a narrow window of 45–50 per cent sediment concentration, therefore, little smearing of the geomagnetic signal can be expected. Finally, experiments on carbonate sediments and biogenic magnetite with increasing field intensities indicate that magnetization acquisition is linear with respect to field intensity. Altogether, the results suggest that sediments with dominant carbonate content should be favoured for records of geomagnetic field changes provided that the minor clay fraction does not vary excessively. They confirm the advantage of using cultures of magnetotactic bacteria for redeposition experiments.
Caring for military families
Authors: Owen Regina , Combs Teresa 
Published: April 2017

Abstract:
Military families are often faced with unique stressors that civilian families do not have to deal with, such as deployment, geographic separation, and frequent relocation. When an NP is providing care for a military family, it is important that these unique stressors are discussed and understood. NPs can employ the Causal Uncertainty Model to encourage effortful cognition and support family attributes to ameliorate the negative effects of the stressors these families may face.
Outstanding animal studies in allergy II. From atopic barrier and microbiome to allergen-specific immunotherapy
Authors: Jensen-Jarolim Erika , Pali-Schöll Isabella , Roth-Walter Franziska 
Published: April 2017

Purpose of reviewAnimal studies published within the past 18 months were assessed, focusing on innate and specific immunomodulation, providing knowledge of high translational relevance for human atopic and allergic diseases.Recent findingsAllergic companion animals represent alternative models, but most studies were done in mice. Atopic dermatitis mouse models were refined by the utilization of cytokines like IL-23 and relevant skin allergens or enzymes. A novel IL-6 reporter mouse allows biomonitoring of inflammation. Both skin pH and the (transferable) microflora have a pivotal role in modulating the skin barrier. The microflora of the gastrointestinal mucosa maintains tolerance to dietary compounds and can be disturbed by antiacid drugs. A key mouse study evidenced that dust from Amish households, but not from Hutterites protected mice against asthma. In studies on subcutaneous and sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy, much focus was given on delivery and adjuvants, using poly-lacto-co-glycolic particles, CpGs, probiotics or Vitamin D3. The epicutaneous and intralymphatic routes showed promising results in mice and horses in terms of prophylactic and therapeutic allergy treatment.SummaryIn atopic dermatitis, food allergies and asthma, environmental factors, together with the resident microflora and barrier status, decide on sensitization versus tolerance. Also allergen-specific immunotherapy operates with immunomodulatory principles.
Tobacco Use Disorder Among Patients With Smoking-related Chronic Medical Disease: Association With Comorbid Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Manhapra Ajay , Rosenheck Robert 
Published: April 2017

Introduction:
Very little is known of the behavioral vulnerabilities of patients diagnosed with smoking-related chronic medical illness who continue to smoke, potentially worsening morbidity and mortality risks. This study explores the association of tobacco use disorder (TUD) among those with smoking-related chronic medical illnesses with other substance use disorders (SUDs) and risk factors.

Methods:
Among veterans with smoking-related chronic medical illnesses identified from the National Veterans Health Administration administrative records from fiscal year 2012, we compared the characteristics of those with a diagnosis of TUD (International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition code 305.xx; n = 519,918), and those without such a diagnosis (n = 2,691,840). Using multiple logistic regression, we further explored the independent association of factors associated with TUD.

Results:
SUD prevalence was markedly higher among those with TUD (24.9% vs 5.44%), including alcohol use disorder (20.4% vs 4.3%) and drug use disorder (13.5% vs 2.6%), compared with nonsmokers. On multiple logistic regression analyses, alcohol use disorder (odds ratio [OR] 2.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.90–2.97) and drug use disorder (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.94–1.99) were independently associated with current TUD diagnosis. Having any single SUD was associated with considerably high odds of having TUD (OR 3.32, 95% CI 3.29–2.36), and having multiple SUDs with even further increased risk (OR 4.09, 95% CI 4.02–4.16).

Conclusions:
A substantial proportion of people with TUD diagnosis despite concurrent smoking-related medical illnesses are also likely to have other comorbid SUDs, complicating efforts at smoking cessation, and requiring a broader approach than standard nicotine-dependence interventions.
Reduction in N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor-mediated Cell Death in Hippocampal Neurons by Glucose Reduction Preconditioning
Authors: Yang Ning , Gabatto Pablo , Bickler Philip E. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Repeated episodes of reduced glucose availability can precondition the brain against damage caused by severe hypoglycemia. Because N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation may contribute to neuronal loss in the hippocampus following glucose deprivation, we tested the hypothesis that preconditioning with reduced glucose decreased NMDA receptor-mediated cell death in hippocampal neurons.

Methods:
Hippocampal slice cultures from 7-day old rats were used to study glucose reduction preconditioning and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated cell death. Preconditioning involved reductions in glucose to the following levels: 0.1 mM, 0.5, or 1.0 mM for 30 minutes, 60 minutes, or 90 minutes on 3 consecutive days. Cell death following 1-hour total glucose deprivation was measured with a vital dye technique (SYTOX fluorescence). As an index of NMDAR activity, cell death following application of 1 mM NMDA, was also measured.

Results:
A preconditioning protocol of 30 minutes of 0.1 mM glucose per day for 3 days reduced cell death following 1-hour total glucose by 65% to 70%, depending on cellular region. No reduction in NMDAR-mediated cell death was seen following any of the preconditioning treatments. However, when NMDAR-mediated cell death was assessed following preconditioning combined with subsequent total glucose deprivation, cell death was reduced in the cultures that had been preconditioned with 0.1 mM glucose for 30 minutes×3 days.

Conclusions:
We found that that glucose reduction preconditioning protects hippocampal neurons against severe glucose deprivation-induced neuronal damage. This preconditioning was not associated with reductions in NMDAR-mediated cell death except when the preconditioning was combined with an additional exposure to a period of total glucose deprivation.