bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Reflecting Brain: Reflection Competence in an Educational Setting Is Associated With Increased Electroencephalogram Activity in the Alpha Band
Authors: Rominger Christian , Reitinger Johannes , Seyfried Clemens , Schneckenleitner Eva , Fink Andreas 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTTeachers' ability to critically reflect classroom situations in relation to their own actions constitutes an important prerequisite to improve teaching performance and professional behavior. This study investigated electroencephalogram activity in the alpha band during a reflection task before and after training in a sample of preservice teachers. Reflection was associated with stable brain activity patterns over two separate time points of assessment. Increased alpha power during reflection of pedagogically relevant scenarios was found at occipital sites, especially in participants with higher reflection competence. This is consistent with prior studies that showed increased alpha power during mental imagery among other tasks. Training of reflection competence, administered in a subsample of participants, was accompanied by increased reflection performance, while no intervention‐related effects were found at the neurophysiological level. The findings of this study provide first preliminary evidence of increased alpha power at occipital sites as a neurophysiological indicator of reflections of pedagogically relevant educational scenarios.
Basal subarachnoid hemorrhage by rupture of arteriovenous malformation at the cerebellopontine angle
Authors: Takayama Mio , Kashiwagi Masayuki , Hara Kenji , Matsusue Aya , Waters Brian , Ikematsu Natsuki , Kubo Shin‐ichi 
Published: April 2017

A man in his late forties had lived as a recluse for more than ten years. He was found dead in his room. At autopsy, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was detected at the base of the brain, which weighed 1333 g. The cerebellar tonsil was swollen. The cerebral ventricle was enlarged and filled with blood. A hematoma was observed in the upper part of the left side of the cerebellar hemisphere. The location and size of SAH in this case indicated that the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm (CA) had occurred; however, CA was not detected. A mass of blood vessels buried in the hematoma was observed at the left cerebellopontine angle (CPA). The vascular lesion showed round‐shaped blood vessels as well as flat‐shaped vessels with the appearance of veins, but with elastic fibers indicative of arteries. The lesion was considered to be the nidus and was 5–8 mm in size. Feeding arteries appeared to be from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). However, the draining vein and anastomotic parts of the artery and vein were not confirmed. Based on these histopathological features, this vascular lesion was diagnosed as arteriovenous malformation (AVM). A differential diagnosis between AVM at CPA and CA is needed in order to identify the source of non‐traumatic SAH.
The Physcomitrella patens exocyst subunit EXO70.3d has distinct roles in growth and development, and is essential for completion of the moss life cycle
Authors: Rawat Anamika , Brejšková Lucie , Hála Michal , Cvrčková Fatima , Žárský Viktor 
Published: April 2017

Summary

The exocyst, an evolutionarily conserved secretory vesicle‐tethering complex, spatially controls exocytosis and membrane turnover in fungi, metazoans and plants. The exocyst subunit EXO70 exists in multiple paralogs in land plants, forming three conserved clades with assumed distinct roles. Here we report functional analysis of the first moss exocyst subunit to be studied, Physcomitrella patens PpEXO70.3d (Pp1s97_91V6), from the, as yet, poorly characterized EXO70.3 clade.

Following phylogenetic analysis to confirm the presence of three ancestral land plant EXO70 clades outside angiosperms, we prepared and phenotypically characterized loss‐of‐function Ppexo70.3d mutants and localized PpEXO70.3d in vivo using green fluorescent protein‐tagged protein expression.

Disruption of PpEXO70.3d caused pleiotropic cell elongation and differentiation defects in protonemata, altered response towards exogenous auxin, increased endogenous IAA concentrations, along with defects in bud and gametophore development. During mid‐archegonia development, an abnormal egg cell is formed and subsequently collapses, resulting in mutant sterility. Mutants exhibited altered cell wall and cuticle deposition, as well as compromised cytokinesis, consistent with the protein localization to the cell plate.

Despite some functional redundancy allowing survival of moss lacking PpEXO70.3d, this subunit has an essential role in the moss life cycle, indicating sub‐functionalization within the moss EXO70 family.
Using traits to uncover tropical forest function
Authors: McDowell Nate G. , Xu Chonggang 
Published: April 2017

This article is a Commentary on Asner et al. (pp. 973–988), Bahar et al. (pp. 1002–1018), Chavana‐Bryant et al. (pp. 1049–1063), Goldsmith et al. (pp. 989–1001), Malhi et al. (pp. 1019–1032), Rowland et al. (pp. 1064–1077) and Wu et al. (pp. 1033–1048), all of which are published in this issue.
What predicts first date success? A longitudinal study of modality switching in online dating
Authors: SHARABI LIESEL L. , CAUGHLIN JOHN P. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis study uses a longitudinal design to investigate the effects of online dating sites on first date success. Participants were surveyed before their first date with someone from an online dating site (N = 186) and again after meeting their partner in person (N = 94). As part of the survey, they also supplied the e‐mails they had sent to their partner through the dating site so their actual communication could be examined. Findings indicated that first date success was predictable from features of participants' online impressions and relational dynamics. The results are discussed in terms of their theoretical and methodological contributions to the literature on relationship development, as well as their practical implications for online dating sites and users.
Very small pediatric donor kidney transplantation in pediatric recipients
Authors: Yaffe H. C. , Friedmann P. , Kayler L. K. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractKidneys from very small pediatric donors (age <5 years, weight <21 kg) may be a means to increase the donor pool for pediatric recipients. Transplantation of small pediatric kidneys is more commonly performed in adult recipients due to the increased risks of technical complications, thrombosis, and early graft failure. While these risks are abrogated in adult recipients by limiting the donor weight to ≥10 kg and using the EB technique, it is unknown whether pediatric recipients achieve comparable results. US national data were assessed for all first‐time, deceased‐donor, kidney‐only pediatric recipients, 1/1996‐10/2013, who received very small pediatric donor grafts or grafts from ideal adult donors. We identified 57 pediatric EB, 110 pediatric SK, and 2350 adult transplants. The primary outcome was 3‐year all‐cause graft survival. Kaplan‐Meier curves showed worse outcomes for pediatric grafts compared to adult ideal grafts (P=.042). On multivariate analysis, pediatric recipients of SK grafts had significantly higher HRs (aHR 2.01, 95% CI 1.34‐3.00) and pediatric recipients of EB grafts had somewhat higher non‐significant HRs (1.57; 95% CI 0.88‐2.79) for graft survival. These results suggest cautionary use of very small pediatric donors as a source to expand the donor pool for pediatric candidates.
Effect of rapamycin treatment during post‐activation and/or in vitro culture on embryonic development after parthenogenesis and in vitro fertilization in pigs
Authors: Elahi F , Lee H , Lee J , Lee ST , Park CK , Hyun S‐H , Lee E 
Published: April 2017

ContentsThis study investigated the effects of early induction of autophagy on embryonic development in pigs. For this, oocytes or embryos were treated with an autophagy inducer, rapamycin (RP), during post‐activation (Pa), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and/or in vitro culture (IVC). When parthenogenesis (PA) embryos were untreated (control) or treated with various concentrations of RP for 4 hr during Pa, 100 nm RP showed a higher blastocyst formation (48.8 ± 2.7%) than the control (34.6 ± 3.0%). When PA embryos were treated during the first 24 hr of IVC, blastocyst formation was increased (p < .05) by 1 and 10 nm RP (61.9 ± 3.0 and 59.6 ± 3.0%, respectively) compared to the control (43.2 ± 1.8%) and 100 nm RP (47.8 ± 3.2%), with a higher embryo cleavage in response to 10 nm RP (87.3 ± 2.4%) than the control (74.1 ± 3.2%). RP treatment during IVC and Pa + IVC showed increased blastocyst formation (44.7 ± 2.5 and 44.1 ± 2.0%, respectively) compared to the control (33.2 ± 2.0%). In addition, RP treatment during Pa and/or IVC increased glutathione content and inversely reduced reactive oxygen species. In IVF, RP treatment for 6 hr during IVF significantly increased embryonic development (34.0 ± 2.6%) compared to the control (24.8 ± 1.6%), but treatment during IVC for 24 hr with RP did not (23.0 ± 3.8%). Autophagy was significantly increased in PA oocytes by the RP treatment during Pa but not altered by the treatment during the first 24 hr of IVC. Overall, RP treatment positively regulated the pre‐implantation development of pig embryos, probably by regulating cellular redox state and stimulating autophagy.
Urban Heat Risk Mapping Using Multiple Point Patterns in Houston, Texas
Authors: Mortensen Jacob W. , Heaton Matthew J. , Wilhelmi Olga V. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryExtreme heat, or persistently high temperatures in the form of heatwaves, adversely impacts human health. To study such effects, risk maps are a common epidemiological tool that is used to identify regions and populations that are more susceptible to these negative outcomes; however, the negative health effects of high temperatures are manifested differently between different segments of the population. We propose a novel, hierarchical marked point process model that merges multiple health outcomes into an overall heat risk map. Specifically, we consider health outcomes of heat-stress-related emergency service calls and mortalities across the city of Houston, Texas. We show that combining multiple health outcomes leads to a broader understanding of the spatial distribution of heat risk than a single health outcome.
Hybrid event bed character and distribution linked to turbidite system sub‐environments: The North Apennine Gottero Sandstone (north‐west Italy)
Authors: Fonnesu Marco , Felletti Fabrizio , Haughton Peter D. W. , Patacci Marco , McCaffrey William D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis study documents the character and occurrence of hybrid event beds (HEBs) deposited across a range of deep‐water sub‐environments in the Cretaceous–Palaeocene Gottero system, north‐west Italy. Detailed fieldwork (>5200 m of sedimentary logs) has shown that hybrid event beds are most abundant in the distal confined basin‐plain domain (>31% of total thickness). In more proximal sectors, hybrid event beds occur within outer‐fan and mid‐fan lobes (up to 15% of total thickness), whereas they are not observed in the inner‐fan channelized area. Six hybrid event bed types (HEB‐1 to HEB‐6) were differentiated mainly on basis of the texture of their muddier and chaotic central division (H3). The confined basin‐plain sector is dominated by thick (maximum 9·57 m; average 2·15 m) and tabular hybrid event beds (HEB‐1 to HEB‐4). Their H3 division can include very large substrate slabs, evidence of extensive auto‐injection and clast break‐up, and abundant mudstone clasts set in a sandy matrix (dispersed clay ca 20%). These beds are thought to have been generated by highly energetic flows capable of delaminating the sea floor locally, and carrying large rip‐up clasts for relatively short distances before arresting. The unconfined lobes of the mid‐fan sector are dominated by thinner (average 0·38 m) hybrid event beds (HEB‐5 and HEB‐6). Their H3 divisions are characterized by floating mudstone clasts and clay‐enriched matrices (dispersed clay >25%) with hydraulically fractionated components (mica, organic matter and clay flocs). These hybrid event beds are thought to have been deposited by less energetic flows that underwent early turbulence damping following incorporation of mud at proximal locations and by segregation during transport. Although there is a tendency to look to external factors to account for hybrid event bed development, systems like the Gottero imply that intrabasinal factors can also be important; specifically, the type of substrate available (muddy or sandy) and where and how erosion is achieved across the system producing specific hybrid event bed expressions and facies tracts.
Late Miocene fluvial sediment transport from the southern Appalachian Mountains to southern Florida: An example of an old mountain belt sediment production surge
Authors: Missimer Thomas M. , Maliva Robert G. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPast geomorphological models assume that erosion of sediments from old mountain belts occurred at a relatively constant rate, based on comparatively uniform isostatic adjustment caused by unloading. Late Miocene strata of the south‐eastern United States provide an example of pulsed tectonism resulting in a surge in siliciclastic sediment production and transport. Regional tectonism (uplift of the southern Appalachian Mountains) and climatic conditions during the Late Miocene resulted in the long‐distance (up to 1000 km) fluvial transport of coarse siliciclastic sediments onto a stable carbonate platform in southern Florida. The sediments are unusual in that they are significantly coarser than marine‐transported sands in southern Florida, with discoidal quartz and quartzite clasts up to 40 mm in diameter locally present, and have relatively high potassium feldspar contents (up to 16% in some sample fractions), whereas feldspar is rare in modern Florida beach sands. It is suggested that previously documented rejuvenation of the southern Appalachian Mountains during the Middle to Late Miocene time, coupled with the Messenian sea‐level low, generated the increased rate of sediment production and necessary hydraulic gradient to allow rapid transport of coarse sediments. Tectonic influence on the river pathway in Florida, as well as in the southern Appalachian Mountains, may have maintained the river on the narrow carbonate platform. The Florida Platform during the Late Miocene must also have had a sufficiently wet climate to cause episodic transport of the coarse sediments. Siliciclastic sediment transport on the Florida Platform during the Late Miocene greatly differed from Pleistocene to modern conditions, which are dominated by the transport of fine‐grained sands by longshore marine processes.
Fault‐controlled dolomite bodies as palaeotectonic indicators and geofluid reservoirs: New insights from Gargano Promontory outcrops
Authors: Rustichelli Andrea , Iannace Alessandro , Tondi Emanuele , Di Celma Claudio , Cilona Antonino , Giorgioni Maurizio , Parente Mariano , Girundo Monica , Invernizzi Chiara 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous platform‐slope to basinal carbonate strata cropping out in Gargano Promontory (southern Italy) are partly dolomitized. Fieldwork and laboratory analyses (petrographic, petrophysical and geochemical) allowed the characterization of the dolomite bodies with respect to their distribution within the carbonate succession, their dimensions, geometries, textural variability, chemical stability, age, porosity, genetic mechanisms and relation with tectonics. The dolomite bodies range from metres to kilometres in size, are fault‐related and fracture‐related, and probably formed during the Early Cretaceous at <500 m burial depths and temperatures <50°C. The proposed dolomitization model relies on mobilization of Early Cretaceous seawater that flowed, downward and then upward, along faults and fractures and was modified in its isotopic composition moving through Triassic and Jurassic strata that underlie the studied dolomitized succession. Despite the numerous cases reported in literature, this study demonstrates that hydrothermal and/or high‐temperature fluids are not necessarily required for fault‐controlled dolomitization. Distribution and geometries of dolomite bodies can be used for palaeotectonic reconstructions, as they partly record the characteristics (size, attitude and kinematics) of the palaeo‐faults, even if not preserved, that controlled dolomitization. In Gargano Promontory, dolomites record Early Cretaceous palaeo‐faults from metres to kilometres long, striking north‐west/south‐east to east/west and characterized by normal to strike‐slip kinematics. Dolomitization increases the matrix porosity by up to 7% and, therefore, can improve the geofluid storage capacity of tight, platform‐slope to basinal limestones. The results have a great significance for characterization of geofluid (for example, hydrocarbons) reservoirs hosted in similar dolomitized carbonate successions. Distribution, size and shapes of reservoir rocks (i.e. dolomite bodies) could be broadly predictable if the characteristics of the palaeo‐fault system present at the time of dolomitization are known.
Improvement of isolated caprine islet survival and functionality in vitro by enhancing of PDX1 gene expression
Authors: Hani Homayoun , Allaudin Zeenathul Nazariah , Mohd‐Lila Mohd‐Azmi , Sarsaifi Kazhal , Rasouli Mina , Tam Yew Joon , Tengku‐Ibrahim Tengku‐Azmi , Othman Abas Mazni 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundDead islets replaced with viable islets are a promising offer to restore normal insulin production to a person with diabetes. The main reason for establishing a new islet source for transplantation is the insufficiency of human donor pancreas while using xenogeneic islets perhaps assists this problem. The expression of PDX1 is essential for the pancreas expansion. In mature β‐cells, PDX1 has several critical roles such as glucose sensing, insulin synthesis, and insulin secretion. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of pancreatic duodenal homeobox‐1 (PDX1) in treated caprine islets in culture and to assess the protective effects of antioxidant factors on the PDX1 gene in cultured caprine islets.Materials and methodsPurified islets were treated with serum‐free, serum, IBMX, tocopherol, or IBMX and tocopherol media. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were carried out to compare the expression levels of PDX1 in treated purified islets cultured with different media.ResultsIslets treated with IBMX/tocopherol exhibited the highest fold change in the relative expression of PDX1 on day 5 post‐treatment (relative expression: 6.80±2.08), whereas serum‐treated islets showed the lowest fold changes in PDX1 expression on day 5 post‐treatment (0.67±0.36), as compared with the expression on day 1 post‐treatment. Insulin production and viability tests of purified islets showed superiority of islet at supplemented serum‐free media with IBMX/tocopherol compared to other cultures (53.875%±1.59%).ConclusionsOur results indicated that supplemented serum‐free medium with tocopherol and IBMX enhances viability and PDX1 gene expression compared to serum‐added and serum‐free media.
Nurses’ experiences of medication administration to people with swallowing difficulties in aged care facilities: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Forough Aida S. , Wong Simon Y.-M. , Lau Esther T.-L. , Santos Jose Manuel Serrano , Kyle Greg J. , Steadman Kathryn J. , Cichero Julie A.Y. , Nissen Lisa M. 
Published: April 2017

Review question/objective:
The objective of this review is to identify the experiences of nurses in administering oral medications to residents of aged care facilities with swallowing difficulties.
More specifically, the review question is:
What problems do nurses experience when administering oral medicines to people with swallowing difficulties living in aged care facilities?
Future needs for nursing talent in Scandinavian countries: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Jakobsen Randi K. , Herholdt-Lomholdt Sine M. 
Published: April 2017

Review question/objective:The aim of this review is to systematically identify, appraise and synthesize available text and opinion papers from policy-makers and trade unions in Scandinavian countries (Denmark, Sweden and Norway) containing information about nursing talent needed in healthcare systems for the future. The overall objective is to identify and synthesize the opinions of various stakeholders of what they believe is required in terms of nursing talent in Scandinavia.In this review, “nursing talent” refers to certain skills or competencies that are essential within nursing to meet the challenges and demands of future health care. The purpose of this review is to provide knowledge about the opinions of two key stakeholders (policy-makers and trade unions) on nursing talent needed in future Scandinavian healthcare systems.
Characteristics and effectiveness of vasodilatory and pressor compensation for reduced relaxation time during rhythmic forearm contractions
Authors: Bentley Robert F. , Poitras Veronica J. , Hong Terrence , Tschakovsky Michael E. 
Published: April 2017

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Reduced relaxation time between contractions in exercise requires increased vasodilatation and/or pressor response to prevent hypoperfusion and potential compromise to exercise tolerance. However, it remains unknown whether and to what extent local vasodilatation and/or systemic pressor compensation occurs and whether the efficacy of compensation is exercise intensity dependent.

What is the main finding and its importance?
We demonstrate that in a forearm exercise model vasodilatory but not pressor compensation occurs and is adequate to prevent hypoperfusion below but not above ∼40% peak work rate. Inadequate compensation occurs with exercise still well inside the submaximal domain, despite a vasodilatory reserve, and compromises exercise performance.

During muscle contraction in rhythmic exercise, muscle blood flow is significantly impeded by microvascular compression. The purpose of this study was to establish the nature and magnitude of vasodilatory and/or pressor compensatory responses during forearm exercise in the face of an increased duration of mechanical microvascular compression, and whether the effectiveness of such compensation was exercise intensity dependent. Seven healthy males (21.0 ± 1.8 years old) completed progressive forearm exercise (24.5 N every 3 min; 2 s contraction–4 s relaxation duty cycle) in two conditions: control (CON), 2 s 100 mmHg forearm cuff inflation during contraction; and impedance (IMP), extension of cuff inflation 2 s beyond contraction. Forearm blood flow (in millilitres per minute); brachial artery Doppler and echo ultrasound), mean arterial blood pressure (in millimetres of mercury; finger photoplethysmography) and exercising forearm venous effluent (antecubital vein catheter) measurements revealed an exercise intensity‐dependent compensatory vasodilatation effectiveness whereby increased vasodilatation fully protected forearm blood flow up to the 30% exercise intensity in IMP. Above this exercise intensity, forearm blood flow was defended only in part, although submaximal oxygen uptake was not compromised for any completed work rate. As a result, peak exercise intensity (175 ± 22 versus 196 ± 28 N, P = 0.04) and oxygen delivery (76 ± 14 versus 112 ± 22 ml O2 min−1, P = 0.01) were significantly reduced in IMP compared with CON. In conclusion, reducing relaxation time compromised exercise capacity without compromise to oxygen uptake. Vasodilatory compensation was complete at lower but not higher exercise intensities, whereas pressor compensation was absent. The reasons for the exercise intensity dependence of the efficacy of vasodilatory compensation remain to be determined.