bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a television documentary to prevent suicide in men and boys
Authors: Schlichthorst Marisa , King Kylie , Spittal Matthew , Reifels Lennart , Phelps Andrea , Pirkis Jane 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: We investigated whether a documentary about masculinity and suicidality ( Man Up) could raise males’ awareness of societal pressures to conform to masculine norms and influence their likelihood of connecting with their male friends and seeking help. Methods: We conducted a repeat cross-sectional survey, posting versions of the survey online before and after Man Up was screened. Results: 1287 male respondents completed the survey; 476 completed the pre-screening survey, 811 the post-screening survey (192 had not viewed Man Up, 619 had). Those who had viewed Man Up were more likely to desire closer relationships with their male friends than those who had not, and had greater awareness of societal pressures on males, but were no more likely to seek help. Almost all respondents who saw Man Up indicated they would recommend it to others, and most said it changed the way they thought about the term ‘man up’. They indicated they would be likely to undertake a number of adaptive actions following the show, and provided overwhelmingly positive feedback. Conclusions: Man Up appeared to effectively address factors that place males at heightened risk of suicide.
Use of ECT in the presence of acute bilateral posterior vitreous detachmanet
Authors: Taye Tesema , Dobranici Letitia , Fisher Mark , Cullum Sarah 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: We describe a case of acute bilateral posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in a 71-year-old female, which developed during a course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for treatment-resistant depression. The risks and benefits of continuing ECT were assessed and the patient completed the full course of 16 ECT treatments without further ophthalmic complications. Conclusions: As the incidence of PVD increases with age, and ECT is used more frequently in elderly people with depression, we recommend paying attention to ophthalmic symptoms as part of the routine clinical monitoring of ECT side effects. If ophthalmic symptoms occur, the risks and benefits of ECT need to be weighed up including consultation with an ophthalmologist.
Entrepreneurship's Contribution to Economics
Authors: Kirchhoff Bruce A. 
Published: January 2018

Recent evidence of entrepreneurship's significant contribution to economic growth and development challenges the dominance of general equilibrium theory in macroeconomic thought. Microeconomics has long criticized the assumptions of the neoclassical economic model which underlies general equilibrium theory but has not swayed the grasp that general equilibrium theory has over macroeconomic policy formulation. Yet, general equilibrium theory does not incorporate entrepreneurship; on the contrary, the assumptions of this model exclude entrepreneurship as an economic variable. Now, however, as microeconomic research finds more and more evidence confirming the importance of new business formation and growth, general equilibrium theory remains incapable of adapting to this reality. And, this theory frequently produces policy prescriptions that favor large, established firms over new, small firms. This paper describes the weaknesses of general equilibrium theory that are relevant to entrepreneurship. Then, after reviewing the growing evidence supporting entrepreneurship, it describes Schumpeter's model of creative destruction and demonstrates how entrepreneurship empirical research supports this model. It concludes by urging economists to desert general equilibrium theory and search for a new macro-theory that incorporates entrepreneurship.
Effects of Formal Strategic Planning on Financial Performance in Small Firms: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Schwenk Charles R. , Shrader Charles B. 
Published: January 2018

Researchers have been examining the effects of formal strategic planning on small firm financial performance for more than twenty years. Reviewers of prior studies have drawn differing conclusions as to whether formal planning improves small firm performance. We have applied meta-analysis for the first time to the results of previous studies on formal strategic planning and small firm performance. The results suggest that even though the size of the effects for planning for individual studies Is not large, the overall relationship between formal planning and performance across studies Is positive and significant. Much of the variance in the size of the effects, however, Is not explained by sampling error, Indicating the potential for other variables to moderate the effects of planning on the performance of small firms. It is concluded, in general, that strategic planning is a beneficial activity for small firms.
Intraoperative Complications and Mid-Term Follow-Up of Large-Diameter Head Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty and Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty
Authors: Miettinen S. S. A. , Mäkinen T. J. , Mäkelä K. , Huhtala H. , Kettunen J. S. , Remes V. 
Published: January 2018

Background and Aims: Large-diameter head total hip arthroplasty and hip resurfacing arthroplasty were popular in Finland from 2000 to 2012 for the treatment of hip osteoarthritis. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the mid-term survival of large-diameter head total hip arthroplasty patients operated on in three university hospitals and to compare these results to the survival of hip resurfacing arthroplasty patients. Material and Methods: A total of 3860 hip arthroplasties (3029 large-diameter head total hip arthroplasties in 2734 patients and 831 hip resurfacing arthroplasties in 757 patients) were operated on between January 2004 and December 2009. The mean follow-up was 4.3 years (range: 0.3–8.0 years) in the total hip arthroplasty group and 5.1 years (range: 1.7–7.9 years) in the hip resurfacing arthroplasty group. Cox multiple regression model and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis were used to study the survival of the total hip arthroplasties and the hip resurfacing arthroplasties. Intraoperative complications and reasons for revisions were also evaluated. Results: In Cox regression analysis, the hazard ratio for revision of hip resurfacing arthroplasty was 1.5 compared with large-diameter head total hip arthroplasty (95% confidence interval: 1.0–2.2) ( p = 0.029). The cumulative Kaplan–Meier survival rate was 90.7% at 7.7 years for the large-diameter head total hip arthroplasty (95% confidence interval: 86.8–94.6) and 92.2% at 7.6 years for hip resurfacing arthroplasty (95% confidence interval: 89.9–94.6). There were a total of 166/3029 (5.5%) intraoperative complications in the large-diameter head total hip arthroplasty group and 20/831 (2.4%) in the hip resurfacing arthroplasty group ( p = 0.001). Revision for any reason was performed on 137/3029 (4.5%) of the arthroplasties in the large-diameter head total hip arthroplasty group and 52/831 (6.3%) in the hip resurfacing arthroplasty group ( p = 0.04). Conclusion: The mid-term survival of both of these devices was poor, and revisions due to adverse reactions to metal debris will most likely rise at longer follow-up. There were more intraoperative complications in the large-diameter head total hip arthroplasty group than in the hip resurfacing arthroplasty group.
Establishing the use of a safety attitudes questionnaire to assess the safety climate across a critical care network
Authors: Thomas Antony , Lomas John-Paul 
Published: January 2018

Aims We aimed to measure the safety culture across a network of critical care units to compare units, track temporal changes and to present easy to interpret information back to staff. Methods We provided adapted paper versions of the short ICU ‘Safety attitude questionnaire’ to 14 critical care units annually between 2015 and 2017. The responses were analysed to establish scores for individual safety domains. Feedback used colour conditional formatted tables to allow easy identification of high and low scores. Results There was an inverse relation between median unit score and standardised mortality (rs = 0.4). Rates of staff fatigue increased between 2016 and 2017 (two-point change on a 1–5 scale). Conclusions A critical care network can usefully collect and feedback safety attitude questionnaires which show a relationship with patient outcome. Units should monitor overtime working.
Unexpected Management Behaviors in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Using Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy
Authors: Abraham Mary Binsu , Heels Kristine , Nicholas Jennifer A. , Cole Carol , Gebert Rebecca , Klimek Julie , Jopling Tracey , Ambler Geoffrey , Cameron Fergus , Davis Elizabeth , Jones Timothy W. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring can improve glycemic outcomes in individuals with type 1 diabetes. However, the constant exposure to real-time glucose levels can sometimes lead the individual to make some risky choices to address the glycemic excursions. Hence, the purpose of this study was to explore the aberrant management behaviors of youth with type 1 diabetes on sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAPT). Methods: Participants in a clinical trial using SAPT on Medtronic MiniMed™ 640G pump who experienced deteriorating glycemic control or unexplained hypoglycemia were identified by the health care professional. The pump and/or sensor data uploaded to CareLink™ Therapy Management Software were reviewed in these participants. Results: Uncharacteristic management behaviors were identified in five adolescent males. Continuous exposure to high glucose levels resulted in obsessive behaviors displaying a perfectionistic attitude in two participants. Multiple boluses were delivered frequently as uneaten carbohydrates in participant 1 while participant 2 resorted to delivery of extra insulin by cannula fills. In contrast, participant 3 chose to remain hyperglycemic to avoid weight gain while participant 4 trusted the system and used sensor glucose readings for calibrations, with resultant deterioration in glycemic control in both participants. On the other hand, participant 5, due to mistrust in the pump suspend function, consumed carbohydrates with downward glucose trends with rebound hyperglycemia. Conclusions: Constant exposure to real-time data can lead to unsafe management responses in adolescents with the behavior influenced by trust or mistrust in the system. Adolescents should be empowered with problem-solving strategies for safe management.
Efficacy of bipolar ‘button’ plasma vaporisation of the prostate compared to green laser vaporisation for benign prostatic obstruction
Authors: Aboutaleb Hamdy , Ali Tamer A , Zaghloul Ahmed , Amin Moamen M 
Published: January 2018

Objective: Our objectives were to evaluate the efficiency of transurethral bipolar plasma vaporisation of the prostate (BPVP) using the button electrode and compare it to green laser vaporisation of the prostate (GLVP). Patients and methods: During the period March 2012 to January 2017, 155 patients with benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) were enrolled in our study. Overall, 80 patients underwent BPVP and 75 GLVP. All International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), quality of life (QOL), uroflow Qmax, Qave and post-void residual (PVR) urine samples were evaluated 24 hours preoperatively and at three months postoperatively. Operative time, hospital stay, catheterisation time, and complications were reported. Mean serum haemoglobin, haematocrit and serum sodium changes were reported preoperatively and within 24 hours postoperatively in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program version 20 for Windows. Results: Mean age at surgery was 62.8 ± 4 (53–82) years and 63 ± 6.6 (54–86) years for the BPVP and GLVP groups respectively. Mean prostatic volume was 45 ± 10 (36–90) and 43 ± 9 (32–85) in each group, respectively. Patients from both series had similar preoperative characteristics. The mean operative duration was 58 ± 21 (range: 20–70) minutes and 57 ± 13 (range: 24–75) minutes, hospital stay was 12.2 ± 6.4 (12–60) hours vs 7 ± 3.3 (6–48) hours ( p = 0.01), and catheterisation period was 48 ± 1.28 (24–72) hours vs 6 ± 6.2 (6–7) hours ( p = 0.001). Conclusions: Both BPVP and GLVP offer good options for management of BPO with less bleeding, one-day surgery, less catheterisation time with significant improvement of IPSS, QOL score and uroflow postoperatively. However, more studies comparing the cost of both techniques are needed for a solid conclusion. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.
Patient-Centered Communication Behaviors That Correlate With Higher Patient Satisfaction Scores
Authors: Finefrock Doug , Patel Sridhar , Zodda David , Nyirenda Themba , Nierenberg Richard , Feldman Joseph , Ogedegbe Chinwe 
Published: January 2018

Background: With increased emphasis on improving the patient experience, clinicians are being asked to improve their patient-centered communication behaviors to improve patient satisfaction (PS) scores. Local Problem: The relationship between clinician communication behaviors and PS is poorly studied in the emergency department (ED) setting. The purpose of this study was to identify whether specific communication behaviors correlate with higher PS scores in the ED setting. Methods: During a quality improvement project, we performed 191 bedside observations of ED clinicians during their initial interaction with patients and recorded the frequency of 8 positive communication behaviors as defined by the PatientSET tool. Interventions: The frequency of use of the PatientSET communication behaviors was compared between known high performers in Press Ganey PS scores versus low performers. Results: Being a high Press Ganey performer was associated with a significantly higher frequency of performance in 6 of the 8 PatientSET communication behaviors. Conclusions: Positive communication behaviors such as those in the PatientSET tool occurred more frequently in ED clinicians with higher PS scores.
An explanatory model for the concept of mental health in Iranian youth
Authors: Chinekesh Ahdieh , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Mohammadi Farahnaz , Motlagh Mohammad Esmael , Baradaran Eftekhari Monir , Djalalinia Shirin , Ardalan Gelayol 
Published: January 2018

Background: Mental health is considered as an integral and essential component of overall health. Its determinants and related factors are one of the most important research priorities, especially in adolescents and young people. Using a qualitative approach, the present study aimed to identify factors affecting the mental health of youth in Iran. Methods: In 2017, following content analysis principles, and using semi-structured in-depth interviews, we conducted a qualitative study exploring the opinions of young people about mental health. A targeted sampling method was used, and participants were young volunteers aged 18 to 30 who were selected from Tehran province, Iran. Inclusion criteria for participants was willingness to participate in the study, and ability to express their experiences. Data collection was done with individual in-depth interviews. According to the explanatory model, the interviews were directed toward the concept of mental health and path of causality and auxiliary behaviors. Results: 21 young adults participated, who met the study inclusion criteria, of whom 12 participants were male. Their mean age was 24.4 ± 0.41 years and their education varied from primary school to Master’s degree. Mental health was considered as mental well-being and a sense of satisfaction and efficacy, not only the presence of a disease or mental disorder. Based on the opinions of the interviewees, three factors of personal characteristics, family and society are involved in mental health. Individual factors were associated with behavioral and physical problems. One of the most important issues was revealed as tensions in societal and family conflicts. Economic problems and unemployment of young people were also extracted from the social factor. Conclusion: In Iran, social factors such as jobs for the unemployed and job security are considered as important determinants in the mental health of young people.
Response heterogeneity: Challenges for personalised medicine and big data approaches in psychiatry and chronic pain
Authors: Norbury Agnes , Seymour Ben 
Published: January 2018

Response rates to available treatments for psychological and chronic pain disorders are poor, and there is a considerable burden of suffering and disability for patients, who often cycle through several rounds of ineffective treatment. As individuals presenting to the clinic with symptoms of these disorders are likely to be heterogeneous, there is considerable interest in the possibility that different constellations of signs could be used to identify subgroups of patients that might preferentially benefit from particular kinds of treatment. To this end, there has been a recent focus on the application of machine learning methods to attempt to identify sets of predictor variables (demographic, genetic, etc.) that could be used to target individuals towards treatments that are more likely to work for them in the first instance. Importantly, the training of such models generally relies on datasets where groups of individual predictor variables are labelled with a binary outcome category − usually ‘responder’ or ‘non-responder’ (to a particular treatment). However, as previously highlighted in other areas of medicine, there is a basic statistical problem in classifying individuals as ‘responding’ to a particular treatment on the basis of data from conventional randomized controlled trials. Specifically, insufficient information on the partition of variance components in individual symptom changes mean that it is inappropriate to consider data from the active treatment arm alone in this way. This may be particularly problematic in the case of psychiatric and chronic pain symptom data, where both within-subject variability and measurement error are likely to be high. Here, we outline some possible solutions to this problem in terms of dataset design and machine learning methodology, and conclude that it is important to carefully consider the kind of inferences that particular training data are able to afford, especially in arenas where the potential clinical benefit is so large.
Grinding and buffing of work surfaces in crankshafts and cams of camshafts by endless diamond belt
Authors: Шоев А. , Shoev A. 
Published: January 2018

A technology and a tool for processing work surfaces in crankshafts and cams of camshafts by endless diamond belts are considered. The characteristics of endless diamond belts and their potentialities in assurance of roughness and efficiency at work surface grinding and polishing are shown. The purposefulness in assurance of an optimum curvilinear transverse section of cams in camshafts by grinding with endless belts is defined. It is shown, that it is possible to control a curvilinear profile of cams in camshafts at the expense of a belt width and a belt tension. It is based on a theoretical basis of the interaction of a rigid die (cam) with the elastic half-space (belt).
An optimum curvilinearity of the transverse section of a cam ensures the increase of its life.
Split-thickness skin grafting: early outcomes of a clinical trial using different graft thickness
Authors: Guogienė Inga , Kievišas Mantas , Grigaitė Augustina , Braziulis Kęstutis , Rimdeika Rytis 
Published: January 2018

Objective: In clinical practice, split-thickness skin graft (STSG) transplantation remains the gold standard for covering large skin defects. Currently, there is no consensus on the optimal thickness of skin grafts. The purpose of our study was to compare the early healing processes of recipient and donor wounds after STSG transplantation using grafts of different thickness. Method: This prospective, randomised clinical trial included 84 patients that underwent STSG transplantation surgery for post-burn, post-traumatic or postoperative skin defects. Patients were randomised to receive a skin graft of either 0.2mm, 0.3mm or 0.4mm thickness. After skin transplantation, the wound healing parameters of both the recipient and donor wounds were evaluated after three days, one week, two weeks and one month. Results: The greatest mean epithelialisation scores and highest rate of complete wound epithelialisation were identified in the recipient and donor wounds of the 0.2mm transplant group, at all time points. When the recipient wound pain scores were evaluated, the greatest visual analogue scale (VAS) values were found in the 0.2mm transplant group. The opposite result was found for the donor wound, where the highest VAS scores were identified in the 0.4mm transplant group. There were no significant differences, at any follow-up period, when wound secretion, erythema, swelling, localised warmth and fluctuation were compared. Conclusion: The early healing of recipient wounds after STSG transplantation with grafts of various thickness differed considerably, especially regarding wound epithelialisation and pain.
Perbandingan Mortalitas Pasien Anak dengan Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome yang Menggunakan Delta Pressure Tinggi dan Rendah
Authors: Bramantyo Tressa Bayu , Martuti Sri , Pudjiastuti Pudjiastuti 
Published: January 2018

Latar belakang.Strategi ventilasi protektif paru (protective lung strategy) direkomendasikan dalam penanganan pasien acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Strategi tersebut mencakup pembatasan PEEP dan delta pressure pada penggunaan ventilator untuk mencegah mortalitas. Pembatasan delta pressure ≤13 mmHg diharapkan dapat menurunkan angka mortalitas pasien ARDS dengan ventilator.Tujuan. Mengetahui perbandingan mortalitas pasien anak dengan ARDS yang menggunakan delta pressure tinggi dan rendah.Metode. Penelusuran rekam medis pasien anak berusia 1 bulan-18 tahun yang menderita ARDS yang dirawat di PICU dengan menggunakan ventilator.Hasil. Studi cross sectional dari bulan September 2016 sampai dengan Maret 2017 terhadap 32 pasien anak berumur 1 bulan-18 tahun yang menderita ARDS, didapatkan hasil bahwa mortalitas pasien anak dengan ARDS lebih tinggi pada penggunaan setting ventilator dengan delta pressure tinggi (ΔP>13 cmH2O) dibandingkan dengan yang menggunakan pengaturan ventilator dengan delta pressure yang rendah (ΔP≤13 cmH2O) (p<0,001, OR 45,00 (IK95%: 5,47-370,02). Kesimpulan. Pasien anak dengan ARDS yang menggunakan setting ventilator dengan delta pressure rendah, mortalitasnya lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan yang menggunakan pengaturan ventilator dengan delta pressure tinggi.
Synergistic Effect of Arecoline in Combination with Doxorubicin on HeLa Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Maruti Astrid Ayu , Amalia Fikri , Meiyanto Edy 
Published: January 2018

Arecoline, the main alcaloid of Areca cathecu L has been proven to posses cytotoxic activity against various cancer cell lines. The research conducted to examine the cytotoxic activity of arecoline alone and its combination with doxorubicin against HeLa cervical cancer cell line. Single treatment of arecoline in various concentration on HeLa cancer cell were done followed by the combinational treatment with doxorubicin. The cell viability as the parameter of cytotoxicity was measured using MTT (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolium bromide) assay. The apoptotic effect was examined by double staining assay using etidium bromide–acridin orange. Arecoline did not show potent cytotoxicity effect against HeLa since the value of IC50 is 462 µM. The combinational treatment of arecoline and doxorubicin showed synergicity with the optimum CI value is 0,48 given by the treatment of 30mM arecoline combined with 125 nM doxorubicin. The result of this study shows that arecoline has potential to be proposed as co-chemotherapeutic agent for cervical cancer. However, further study on its molecular mechanism needs to be conducted. Keywords: cinnamon essential oil, doxorubicin, T47D cells, combination cytotoxicity