bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Child Abuse and Neglect and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease Among Midlife Women
Authors: Thurston Rebecca C. , Chang Yuefang , Barinas-Mitchell Emma , von Känel Roland , Jennings J. Richard , Santoro Nanette , Landsittel Doug P. , Matthews Karen A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective
A childhood history of abuse or neglect may be associated with elevated adult cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. No studies have examined associations between child abuse/neglect and subclinical CVD using a validated measure of abuse and neglect. We hypothesized that midlife women with a history of childhood abuse or neglect would have increased subclinical CVD beyond standard CVD risk factors. We tested moderation of associations by sleep, hot flashes, and race/ethnicity.

Methods
Two hundred ninety-five midlife women completed the Child Trauma Questionnaire, physiologic hot flash and actigraphic sleep monitoring, blood draw, and carotid ultrasound (intima media thickness [IMT]; plaque). Relations between abuse/neglect and outcomes were tested in linear regression models adjusting for demographic, psychosocial, and CVD risk factors. Interactions with sleep, hot flashes, and race/ethnicity were tested.

Results
Forty-five percent of women reported a history of child abuse or neglect. Women with any child abuse or neglect had higher IMT [b(SE) = .039 (.011), p = .001] and carotid plaque [odds ratio (95% [CI] = 1.95 [1.15–3.33]); p = .014] than nonabused/neglected women. Furthermore, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and emotional neglect were associated with higher subclinical CVD. Sexual abuse was associated with higher IMT among nonwhite women. Interactions with sleep time and sleep hot flashes (p values < .05) indicated that higher subclinical CVD with an abuse/neglect history was observed primarily among women sleeping less than 6 hours/night or with sleep hot flashes.

Conclusions
A history of child abuse or neglect is associated with higher subclinical CVD in women, particularly when paired with short sleep or hot flashes. Findings underscore the importance of childhood adversity in midlife women's CVD risk.
Early-Life Experiences and Telomere Length in Adult Rhesus Monkeys: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Schneper Lisa M. , Brooks-Gunn Jeanne , Notterman Daniel A. , Suomi Stephen J. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveChild-rearing environments have been associated with morbidity in adult rhesus monkeys. We examine whether such links are also seen with leukocyte telomere length.MethodsTo determine telomere length in leukocytes, blood was collected from 11 adult female monkeys aged 7 to 10 years who had been exposed to different rearing environments between birth and 7 months. Four had been reared with their mothers in typical social groups composed of other female monkeys, their offspring, and 1 to 2 adult male monkeys. The other 7 had been reared in either small groups of peers or individual cages with extensive peer interaction daily. After 7 months, all shared a common environment.ResultsTelomere lengths were longer for those adults who had been reared with their mothers in social groups (median = 16.0 kb, interquartile range = 16.5–15.4) than for those who were reared without their mothers (median = 14.0 kb, interquartile range = 14.3–12.7; 2.2 kb/telomere difference,p< .027).ConclusionsThis observation adds to emerging knowledge about early adverse child-rearing conditions and their potential for influencing later morbidity. Because newborns were randomly assigned to the mother or other rearing conditions, the findings are not confounded by other conditions that co-occur with adverse child-rearing environments in humans (e.g., prenatal stress, nutrition and health as well as postnatal nutrition and negative life experiences over and above rearing conditions).
Activity Dynamics and Signal Representation in Striatal Network Model with Distance-dependent Connectivity
Authors: Spreizer Sebastian , Angelhuber Martin , Bahuguna Jyotika , Aertsen Ad , Kumar Arvind 
Published: October 2016

AbstractStriatum is predominantly inhibitory and the main input nucleus of the basal ganglia. A functional characterization of its activity dynamics is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying phenomenon such as action selection and initiation. Here, we investigated the effects of the spatial connectivity structure on the emergence and maintenance of localized bumps of activity in large-scale striatal networks (~10,000 neurons). We show that in striatal network model in which the distance-dependent connection probability varies in a Gaussian fashion (Gaussian networks), the activity remains asynchronous irregular (AI) and spatially homogeneous, independent of the background input. By contrast, when the distance-dependent connectivity varies according to a Gamma distribution (Gamma networks), with short-range connectivity suppressed, a repertoire of activity dynamics can be observed: While weak background inputs induce spatially homogeneous AI activity, stronger background inputs induce stable, spatially localized activity bumps as in ‘winner-take-all’ (WTA) dynamics. Interestingly, for intermediate background inputs, the networks exhibit spatially localized, but unstable activity bumps (Transition Activity, TA), resembling the experimentally observed neuronal assembly dynamics in the striatum.Among the three main regimes of network activity (AI, WTA, TA) we found that in the AI and TA regimes, network dynamics are flexible and can be easily modified by external stimuli. Moreover, the dynamical state of the network returns to the baseline after the stimulus is removed. By contrast, the dynamics in the WTA state are rigid and can only be changed by very strong external stimuli. These results support the hypothesis that the flexibility of the striatal network state in response to stimuli is important for its normal function and the ‘rigid’ network states (WTA) correspond to brain disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, where the striatum looses its repertoire of dynamic states and is only receptive to very strong inputs.
Cost vs credibility: the student sample trap in business research
Authors: Ford John B. 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
This paper focuses on the problems inherent in the use of student samples in business research.

Design/methodology/approach
The subject is examined through the opinions of prior researchers, and the pros and cons are presented. The issues of internal and external validity are discussed, and the dangers of theory development without proper application are highlighted.

Findings
Business researchers are cautioned, especially in the case of scale development and cross-cultural research, to avoid the use of student samples.

Originality/value
While this subject has been the source of debate for many years, business researchers are still regularly using student samples for their research. The dangers are too great to simply be ignored because the price is right.
Private label outsourcing at MegaTex – necessity, accessory or a parasite?
Authors: Chaurasia Sushil S. , Kolati Rani Poojitha Devi 
Published: October 2016

Subject area
The subject area is marketing strategy.

Study level/applicability
The case is well suited for MBA and executive MBA class on retailing management, strategic management, marketing strategy and brand management.

Case overview
Retailers see private label as a strategic weapon against brand manufacturer to increase store profitability, but looking at the private label from brand manufacturer’s perspective, determinants and strategic choices are even more complex than that of a retailer. The case is about MegaTex Ltd.’s strategic call for private label production opportunity by Maximus Fashion and Retail Limited. The case discusses the dilemma of MegaTex for manufacturing private label in spite of having their own brand in competition. The case compels to drive strategic questions such as in what circumstances brand manufacturers should concentrate on manufacturing their own brand or should they concentrate on both private label and their brand? Or, as an alternative, should they purely dedicate themselves in manufacturing private label and stop manufacturing their own brand?

Expected learning outcomes
Participants will be able to understand the concept and economics of private label. Participants will be able to understand the determinants and strategic choices for private label from retailer’s and manufacturer’s perspective. Participants will be able to understand the rationale for which brand manufacturer opts for manufacturing private label in spite of having its own brand in competition. Participants will be able to identify the situations under which a brand manufacturer should concentrate on manufacturing his/her own brand or both private label and his/her brand.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or e-mail support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Measuring quality perception in electronic commerce
Authors: Kemény Ildikó , Simon Judit , Nagy Ákos , Szucs Krisztián 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
The perceived electronic-service quality (e-SQ) has become a relevant research area, not only in developed but also in smaller, less-developed countries. The purpose of this paper is to provide a description of an analysis into the relationship of the dimensions of perceived e-SQ and satisfaction as well as WOM intention in case of an online bookstore in Hungary where technical development and internet penetration is emerging; however, it is developing from an economic perspective. Beyond this a potential segmentation is introduced in the Hungarian market.

Design/methodology/approach
The direct effect of perceived e-SQ’s dimensions on satisfaction and on traditional WOM were analysed using the PLS-SEM method, which was followed by the segmentation approach. The paper also demonstrates differences of the identified consumer segments, using multivariate analysis of variance.

Findings
According to the research only the dimension of efficiency and responsiveness have a significant positive effect on satisfaction, and beside these the quality perception of fulfilment has a significant influence on WOM intention. Using the relevant latent variable scores segmentation was conducted and four clusters were identified.

Originality/value
Due to peculiarities of e-services, quality measurement needs a constant revision and adoption. Extent amount of research has been dedicated to analyse the relationship of quality and satisfaction, but the direct effect of relevant quality dimensions on word-of-mouth intention is a new research field. Segmenting customers based on latent variable scores of the proposed model has not been conducted before in case of an online bookstore in Hungary. According to the results the evaluation of the technology-based components has the greatest effect on satisfaction and WOM intention. However, web-shops managers should focus not only on online characteristics but also on offline, human-based interactions and the service quality of their delivery partners.
Identifying the perspectives for sustainability enhancement
Authors: Bhanot Neeraj , Rao P. Venkateswara , Deshmukh S.G. 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
Integrating sustainability strategies with business processes is the most challenging task for industry professionals due to the lack of a proper understanding of sustainability concepts. At the same time, a lack of proper guidance restricts them from pursuing such activities. As far as the aspects of implementation are concerned, it is very tough to analyse and pick up key points to start with. The purpose of this paper is to utilize a text mining approach to analyse qualitative data and identify the critical issues for implementing sustainability in the manufacturing sector by focussing on turning processes based on the survey responses of researchers and industry professionals.

Design/methodology/approach
An integrated method employing principal component analysis (PCA) and the k-means clustering algorithm has been applied to extract useful information from a set of various suggestions provided by both the groups surveyed. The textual data has also been visualized using word clouds and, thus, it has been compared with the results of the text mining approach.

Findings
The results of the study indicate the importance of the role of government organizations and the need for a skilled workforce, which are crucial for enhancing aspects of sustainability in the manufacturing sector, as supported by both researchers and industry professionals. Besides this, researchers have highlighted the need to focus more on environmentally related issues, whereas industry professionals have raised performance-related issues.

Practical implications
The findings of the study present the important concerns of both the groups towards sustainability initiatives and, thus, will help to enhance the understanding of the underlying possibilities of negotiating jointly to enhance the performance of machining processes.

Originality/value
The novelty of this paper lies in its identification of important initiatives that are having a direct impact on the sustainable aspects of the machining process, based on the views of researchers and industry professionals.
Fear appeals: the influence of threat orientations
Authors: Awagu Chrysantus , Basil Debra Z. 
Published: October 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to assess the interactive impact of dispositional threat orientation and affirmation (both self-affirmation and self-efficacy) on the effectiveness of fear appeals.Design/methodology/approachA 3 × 2 × 2 × 2 fully crossed, mixed experimental design is used. The study is conducted through an on-line survey platform. Participants are nationally representative in terms of age, gender and geographic location within the USA.FindingsThreat orientation impacts individuals’ responses to fear appeals. Control-oriented individuals respond in a more adaptive manner, heightened-sensitivity-oriented individuals are a “mixed-bag” and denial-oriented individuals respond in a more maladaptive manner. Affirmations (both self-affirmation and self-efficacy) interact with threat orientation in some cases to predict response to threat.Research limitations/implicationsThis research used a cross-sectional approach in an on-line environment. A longitudinal study with a stronger self-affirmation intervention and self-efficacy manipulation would offer a stronger test.Practical implicationsSocial marketers should consider whether their primary target market has a general tendency toward a particular threat orientation when considering the use of fear appeals. Social marketers should consider the potential benefits of a self-affirmation intervention.Social implicationsIndividuals’ personality dispositions impact how they respond to fear appeals, which may explain why some seemingly well executed fear appeals are unsuccessful whereas others succeed.Originality/valueLittle or no research has examined the use of self-affirmation to overcome the challenges posed by dispositional threat orientation. This research gives an early glimpse into how these issues interplay.
User acceptance of the e-information service as information resource
Authors: Barhoumi Chokri 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to extend significantly the technology acceptance model (TAM) of Davis to design an extended TAM model to be used in the evaluation and assessment of e-information services for information research such as e-library services. The present TAM extension is based on two variables of behavioral intention: the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of a system. Furthermore, the user satisfaction, free access, information architecture, content richness, policies and rules, publishers’ quality, system self-efficacy and task technology fit were incorporated into the TAM to extend it with other factors theoretically motivated and would be of interest more generally.

Design/methodology/approach
The researcher adopted an experimental approach-based comparison between an experimental group (107 researchers) using an electronic information service (the e-library service of the university) and a control group (107 researchers) not registered in this e-information service of the university.

Findings
The researcher used the effect size values based t-test independent samples at the 0.05 level to adapt the structural model equation to the experimental sample. Principal results show that the behavioral intention was influenced significantly by user satisfaction. The perceived usefulness of the e-library services was influenced significantly by the perceived ease of use, information architecture, content richness, free access, publishers’ quality, task-technology fit and e-library service self-efficacy.

Originality/value
This paper is useful in advancing a framework for the evaluation and assessment of the electronic information service used for information research and exploring users’ attitudes toward using that service.
Efficient isolation of human parainfluenza viruses 1 and 3 using MNT‐1, a human malignant melanoma cell line system that exhibits an apparent cytopathic effect
Authors: Sato Ko , Watanabe Oshi , Ohmiya Suguru , Chiba Fumiko , Hayashi Masahiro , Suzuki Tamio , Kawakami Kazuyoshi , Nishimura Hidekazu 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTIsolation of human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) serotypes 1 and 3 from clinical specimens is not very efficient because of the lack of a cell culture system capable of inducing CPE. In this study, the utility of a melanoma cell line, MNT‐1, that allows HPIV growth and displays CPE was demonstrated. In particularly, the efficiency of isolating HPIV1 and HPIV3 using MNT‐1 was greater than for cell lines conventionally used for HPIV isolation. Our demonstrated efficacy of HPIV1 and HPIV3 isolation with apparent CPE using the MNT‐1 cell culture system has the potential to improve virus isolation from clinical specimens.
Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on the survival of acid‐tolerant non‐O157 Shiga toxin‐producing E. coli (STEC) strains in fermented goat's milk
Authors: Fayemi Olanrewaju E , Buys Elna M 
Published: October 2016

The ability of goat's milk fermented with a Lactobacillus plantarum strain B411, and in combination with commercial starter culture, to inhibit acid‐adapted (AA) and non‐acid‐adapted (NAA) environmental non‐O157 STEC strains was investigated. Acid‐adapted and NAA non‐O157 STEC strains were not inhibited in the L. plantarum‐fermented goat's milk, while the goat's milk fermented with the combination of L. plantarum and starter culture inhibited AA more than NAA non‐O157 STEC strains. Environmental acid‐tolerant non‐O157 STEC strains were not inhibited by L. plantarum, starter culture or combination of starter culture with L. plantarum unless they were subjected to prior acid adaptation such as backslopping.
Methoprene does not affect juvenile hormone titers in honey bee (Apis mellifera) workers
Authors: Huang Zachary Y. , Lin Stephanie , Ahn Kiheung 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMethoprene, a juvenile hormone (JH) analog, is a widely used insecticide that also accelerates behavioral development in honey bees (Apis mellifera). JH regulates the transition from nursing to foraging in adult worker bees, and treatment with JH or methoprene have both been shown to induce precocious foraging. To determine how methoprene changes honey bee behavior, we compared JH titers of methoprene‐treated and untreated bees. Behavioral observations confirmed that methoprene treatment significantly increased the number of precocious foragers in 3 out of 4 colonies. In only 1 out of 4 colonies, however, was there a significant difference in JH titers between the methoprene‐treated and control bees. Further, in all 4 colonies, there was no significant differences in JH titers between precocious and normal‐aged foragers. These results suggest that methoprene did not directly affect the endogenous JH secreted by corpora allata. Because methoprene caused early foraging without changing workers’ JH titers, we conclude that methoprene most likely acts directly on the JH receptors as a substitute for JH.
Interactive effects of land‐use history, tree encroachment and distance to edge on species richness in an unmanaged heathland
Authors: Kepfer‐Rojas Sebastian , Damgaard Christian , Riis‐Nielsen Torben , Schmidt Inger Kappel 
Published: October 2016

AbstractQuestionsHow do land‐use legacies, tree encroachment and distance to the edge interact to determine species richness patterns in the ground vegetation of an unmanaged heathland? What are the direct and indirect effects of these factors? Do different functional groups respond differently to these factors?LocationNørholm heathland, southwest Denmark.MethodsWe recorded the overstorey and ground vegetation along with environmental variables in 129 plots on a 350 ha heathland where management ceased more than 100 yrs ago. We used structural equation models (SEM) to examine the relationship between species richness of functional groups (herbs, dwarf shrubs and tree seedlings) and ground vegetation cover, overstorey development, distance to the edge and nutrient availability.ResultsThe relative importance of the driving factors differed between functional groups. Herb richness increased with increasing nutrient availability from previous land use and decreased with overstorey development. Dwarf shrub richness responded negatively to overstorey development and herb cover. In contrast, species richness of tree seedlings responded strongly and positively to overstorey development but not to environmental variables or ground vegetation. In general, the effect of nutrient availability and distance to the edge were of similar magnitude and were largely mediated by the overstorey and ground vegetation.ConclusionsLand‐use legacies and tree encroachment can have differential effects on the species richness of different functional groups. Typical heathland dwarf shrubs were able to withstand moderate levels of increased nutrient availability and tree colonization. However, the combination of these factors poses a serious threat, as dwarf shrub richness decreased due to an increase in the cover of herbaceous species and light limitation. The absence of management did not lead to a rapid loss of typical heathland species.