bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time Perspective in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Looking for Clinical Targets for Psychological Interventions
Authors: Nikolaev E. , Vasil’eva N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionInteraction with time is a fundamental human characteristic that varies significantly in situations of severe chronic disease. Multiple sclerosis (MS) refers to medical conditions with severe damage to the nervous system, which have poor prognosis for patients.Objectives and aimsTo explore the relation between clinical variants of multiple sclerosis and time perspective in MS patients for goals of psychological interventions.MethodsA total of 104 MS inpatients (25 men and 79 women aged 19 to 64) filled out Russian version of Zimbardo time perspective inventory (ZTPI) developed by A. Sircova, E.T. Sokolova, and O.V. Mitina, 2008. Seventy-three patients were diagnosed for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and 31 patients for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS).ResultsAnalyzing the difference in ZTPI values in MS patients one could notice that RRMS patients showed a greater focus on positive past, while SPMS patients indicated a higher priority on the future. No gender specifics were identified in MS patients with different clinical variants of the disease (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe data revealed could be related to the fact that SPMS patients having more severe clinical variant of MS were forced to the issues of living with the disease planning. They were ready to assess and to prepare for possible negative consequences of the disease. They also sought the most efficient use of available resources for their own future and future of their loved ones. The resulting evidence can be used to determine clinical targets for psychological interventions in MS patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychosomatic Inpatient Treatment Achieves in the Medium Term Sustainable Clinical Improvement as well as a Reduction in Utilization of Medical Services-Results of a one-year follow-up
Authors: Valdes-Stauber J. , Merath S. , Krämer S. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe research on sustainability of effectiveness of inpatient psychosomatic treatment is necessary for epidemiological and economic reasons as well as towards their legitimacy.Objectives and aimsTo investigate whether the achieved clinical improvement by the inpatient treatment continues one year after discharge and whether the utilization of medical services display a significant reduction post-discharge compared to the year before admission.MethodsNaturalistic 1 year follow-up study of a cohort (n = 122). Three measuring time points: T1 (discharge), T2 (6 months after discharge; drop-out rate about 33%), T3 (12 months after discharge; drop-out rate about 49%). Assessment by means of standardized tests of changes in clinical variables, self-efficacy, quality of life, and personality between discharge and one year after discharge. Utilization variables (hospital days, days of incapacity, medication and doctor visits) were compared with ranges in the year before admission.ResultsImprovements at discharge in general functionality, psychological and somatic stress, depressiveness, bitterness level, quality of life and self-efficacy remain one year after discharge sustainably. Furthermore, hospital days, days of incapacity, number of doctor visits and of prescribed drugs decreased significantly in comparison with the year prior to admission.ConclusionsInpatient psychotherapy is effective not only in short-term but also in medium-term. One year after discharge clinically improvement at discharge time-point remains stable and the utilization of medical services decreased significantly. Longer periods of observation, identification of risk groups and of resilient prognostic factors, as well as ensuring post-discharge care are necessary in order to prevent relapses and to made early interventions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Quality of Life at Disabled Child's Parents
Authors: Cavo F. , kurti A. 
Published: June 2017

This study is focused on presenting the quality level of the life of parents with disabled children and the determination if there are any differences between parents that are in a treatment process and those that have just started this treatment for their children. Another aspect where this study is focused, are the indicators of life quality. A sample made by disabled children parents (n = 100), who are in “QKZHMT” center in Kombinat and PLM in Vlora, underwent the measuring instrument with a total of 40 self reporting allegations as well as, they became part of the focus groups how they present differences in applied conditions of the compound factors of life quality. In this study the research question was: “are there differences in the reported levels of parents with disabled children life quality who have just started the children treatment program with those who have started it six month ago?” Part of the quality focus was: “the differences and similarities exploration of the parenting experience of the parents with disabled children”. These conclusions where reached, affected by the comparative statistical analysis conducted in this study, that there are no statistical differences reported as well as in the overall life quality level as in its compound factors for both groups. The same result applies for the gender differences.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Coping Skills Training Intervention on the Quality of Life of Psychiatric Patient's Caregivers: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Fattah Moghaddam L. , Mollasalehi F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe caregivers of the psychic patients experience decreased quality of life (QOL).AimsThe aim of this study is the determination of the effect of coping skills training on improved quality of life of these caregivers compared to traditional treatments.MethodsThe samples consisted of 82 caregivers of psychiatric patients who were admitted in the educational hospital of Tehran for the first time from 2015 to 2016. The caregivers were randomly divided into two groups including Interventional group (n = 41) who received an educational booklet in addition to coping skills training, and control group (n = 41) who received usual care. A two-group randomized controlled trial was conducted, including WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire used to collect the data before and after 90 days.ResultsThe results demonstrated that there were significant changes in the quality of life of family after training (P = 0.05). But this change was not seen in the control group. The comparison of the two groups after intervention indicated, that the scores of the intervention group were higher than the control group in all dimensions. But these scores were significantly different in the psychological health and the environmental health.ConclusionsTo educate the coping skills interventions can have a positive effect on the quality of life of caregivers than usual care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Integrating Mental Health care and Vocational Rehabilitation to Improve Return to work rates for People on Sick Leave Because of Common Mental Disorders
Authors: Hoff A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSick leave due to common mental disorders (CMD) has major negative influence on society because of the lost productivity, social benefits, and treatment costs, and OECD estimates that the cost is equivalent to 3.4% of the Danish gross domestic product.ObjectivesThe Objective is to examine, whether integrating mental health care with vocational rehabilitation, conveys shorter return to work (RTW) time, compared to treatment as usual, after sick leave due to a CMD such as depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders.AimsThe aims of the intervention of are to provide the shortest possible RTW time. Primary outcome is RTW time, and secondary outcomes are (a) time from RTW until recurrent sick leave and (b) symptom level a six months.MethodsPatients are included in one of two randomized controlled studies (anxiety or depression in one RCT, and stress-related disorders in another RCT), after referral from the municipality vocational rehabilitation (VR) center, after sick leave for at least four weeks. Patients, in both trials, are randomized into one of three groups, in a ratio of 1:1:1: (a) control group, where they receive treatment as usual in primary care and municipally located VR, (b) intervention group: mental health care (MHC) in the research project, and municipally located VR (not integrated), and (c) intervention group: MHC in the research project, integrated with a special project VR.ResultsWe are currently including, and as of December 2016, more than 300 are included. The total sample will be 1536 patients.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Quality in Community-Based day Center Services for People with Psychiatric Disabilities from the Attendees’ Perspective
Authors: Lundqvist L.O. , Rask M. , David B. , Agneta S. 
Published: June 2017

Community-based day centers in Sweden are well-established arenas for psychiatric rehabilitation. Little is, however, known of the attendees’ perception of the quality of the service provided. Therefore, the aim of the study was to describe and investigate the quality of community-based day center services for people with psychiatric disabilities. A sample of 218 attendees (44% females) between 18 and 71 years old in 14 community-based day center services in Sweden completed the quality in psychiatric care–daily activities (QPC-DA) instrument. The results showed that people with psychiatric disabilities perceived the quality of community-based day center services as high and 87% perceived the overall quality as satisfactory. The highest ratings were found in encounter followed by support, daily activity-specific, secure environment, participation, and the lowest quality was found in secluded environment dimensions of the QPC-DA. Most notably, quality of service was rated higher by those with lower educational level, had waited shorter time to attend the center, and had better mental and physical health. However, particularly aspects of a secluded environment and participation (information) may be areas with potential for improvement. In conclusion, the results adhere to the importance of occupational balance, with periods of rest/privacy during the time at the center.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version of Adult Hope Scale
Authors: Alali T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe adult hope scale (AHS) was developed as measure of hope with a 12-item using an 8-point Likert-type scale (Snyder et al., 1991). Although there is an Arabic version of AHS, it is not identical to the original version in terms of the number of items response.ObjectivesTo evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the AHS in undergraduate sample.MethodsThe participants were undergraduate Kuwaitis (1000) males and (1000) females. The mean age of the males was (20.25 ± 0.05) years, and for females was (19.96 ± 1.44) with a significant age difference (t = 4.22. P < .000). The Arabic version of the AHS was administered to participants. The internal consistency reliability, factor structure, and convergent validity of the AHS with Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), oxford happiness inventory (OHI), and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS),while the divergent validity of AHS were assessed with Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the beck anxiety inventory (BAI).ResultsInternal consistency was satisfactory for the AHS (Cronbach's alpha = 0.83) for males and (Cronbach's alpha = 0.81) for females. The results revealed no significant gender differences on happiness (F = 1.68, P > .05). Principal component analyses (PCA) showed that a three -component solution explains %54.56 of the total variance for males and 51.99% for females. The AHS positively correlates with the following variables: SWLS (r = .43), LOT-R (r = 0.40) OHI (r = .49) while the AHS correlates negatively with BDI-II (r = −.49) and with BAI (r = −.39).ConclusionsThis study provides evidence for the reliability and validity of the Arabic AHS for Kuwaitis.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Towards a New Structure of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. reliability and Validation of the Portuguese Version: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Manarte L. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveEmpathy has received a lot of attention with the creation of an Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). IRI is assessed using a 28-item questionnaire with four 7-item scales:– perspective-taking (PT) scale;– fantasy (FS) scale;– empathic concern (EC) scale and iv) personal distress (PD) scale.Such questionnaires have been translated in many languages (see Table 1). This work aims to compare the original model with existing modified, hierarchical, shortened models in the literature and to also translate and validate the IRI for Portuguese.MethodsA convenience sampling was used (n = 130) to conduct confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using AMOS software. The original four-factor model is contrasted with modified, hierarchical and shortened models proposed in the literature, reporting internal consistency statistics and their fit indices.ResultsThe same structure of factors was found in the sample with reasonably good fit indices χ2/df = 1.57, CFI = 0.77, AGFI = 0.72 and RMSEA = 0.067. Internal reliability for each scale of the IRI was not excellent (< 0.90), but it is in line with the literature: PT with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.74, FS with 0.79, EC with 0.74 and PD with 0.65. The comparison with other modified versions of the IRI latent factor structure revealed that two models with better fit than the original version, and the potential for a shortened Portuguese version of the IRI.ConclusionIRI is a valid instrument to measure empathy in the Portuguese Population and is in line with previous findings. Some modifications to the original latent structure provide a better data fit than the original one.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Non-Pharmacological Treatment of ADHD Across the Lifespan
Authors: Philipsen A. 
Published: June 2017

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a serious risk factor for co-occurring psychiatric disorders and negative psychosocial consequences over the lifespan. Given this background, there is a need for an effective treatment of ADHD patients.In the lecture, evidence-based psychosocial interventions for ADHD will be presented.Disclosure of interestBooks and articles on ADHD.Ad Boards, Phase-III Studies on ADHD in the last five years.
CB1-5-HT2A heteromers in schizophrenia patients: Human studies in pro-neurons of the olfactory epithelium
Authors: Galindo L. , Robledo P. , Guinart D. , Pérez E.J. , Cuenca-Royo A. , Menoyo E. , Fernandez C. , García J. , Moreno E. , Casadó V. , de la Torre R. , Perez-Solá V. , Salgado P. , Oller S. , Campillo M. , Orejas O. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDespite multiple clinical and preclinical studies investigating schizophrenia, the neurobiological basis of this disease is still unknown. The dysregulation of the serotonergic system, in particular the 5-HT2A receptor and the endocannabinoid system have been postulated as possible causes of schizophrenia.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of CB1-5-HT2A receptor heteromers in primary cultures of pro-neurons from the olfactory epithelium in schizophrenia patients and control subjects.MethodsWe recruited a group of 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, who were treated with atypical antipsychotics, were clinically stable and had an illness duration range from 1 up to 15 years. The patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia from the medical record and confirmed by the structured clinical interview for DSM disorders. The expression of CB1-5-HT2A receptor heteromers in primary cultures of pro-neurons from the olfactory epithelium was quantified using proximity ligation assays and confocal microscopy.ResultsOlfactory epithelium pro-neurons were viable and expressed the neuronal marker, III-β tubulin. We also established the presence and the functionality of CB1-5-HT2A receptor heteromers in these cells using the proximity ligation and cAMP activity assays, respectively. Heteromer expression was significantly increased in schizophrenia patients with respect to controls.ConclusionsThis highly innovative methodology will allow the noninvasive, low-cost study of new biomarkers for schizophrenia in a model closely related to the central nervous system.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by grants from DIUE-Generalitat-de Catalunya (2014SGR 680), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI14/00210) and (PI10/01708) FIS-FEDER-Funds. LG is supported by the Instituto-de Salud Carlos III through a “Río Hortega” (CM14/00111).
First acute psychotic episode: Factors associated with evolution to schizophrenia
Authors: Halouani N. , Guermazi F. , Yaich K. , Ennaoui R. , Chouayakh S. , Aloulou J. , Amami O. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe acute psychotic episode have often a dramatic expression. Although it is easily diagnosed, it is not easy to predict the evolution and much less the prognosis that are of concern both for the therapist and the patients’ families.AimsTo describe the profile of a population of patients with a first psychotic episode. To identify factors correlated with evolution to schizophrenia.MethodsThis is a retrospective study conducted among 55 patients hospitalized for a first acute psychotic episode, in the psychiatry B department during the period extending between January 2010 and December 2015.ResultsThe average age of patients was 26.5. The majority was single male. The prodromal phase was present with predominantly psychotic symptoms (80%). Schizophrenia was the most frequently encountered scalable diagnosis (38%). Some factors are associated with the evolution to schizophrenia. We can mention male gender (P = 0.004) and premorbid schizoid personality (P = 0.047). About correlated clinical factors, we have found an initial symptomatology dominated by loss of interest (P = 0.05), withdrawal and isolation (P = 0.017), impulsivity (P = 0.011), breaking with the usual functioning (P = 0.04), mental automatism (P = 0.033), the delusions of persecution (P = 0.025) and intuitive mechanism (P = 0.023).ConclusionWhen a first acute delusional experience occurs in a young adult, it is always a test of uncertain outcome. However, schizophrenia remains the most feared evolutionary. A better understanding of poor prognosis and early and appropriate management seem paramount to reduce the prevalence of this dreaded evolution.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Reducing diabetes type 2 risk in non-selected outpatients with schizophrenia, a thirty-month program
Authors: Hjorth P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDiabetes type 2 is 2–3 fold more common in patients with schizophrenia compared to the general population. A lifestyle with focus on diet, exercise and medication is required to prevent complications from diabetes type 2.ObjectivesPatients may have trouble complying with a well-structured and healthy lifestyle because of factors related to their illness e.g. cognitive disturbances, negative/positive symptoms and treatment with psychotropic medication.AimsTo measure and reduce diabetes type 2 risk factors in patients and examine characteristics associated with a positive outcome.MethodsA naturalistic intervention study through 30 months of clinical work with individual guidance, group sessions and treatment as usual.ResultsAt index, the newly diagnosed patients had a high consumption of soft drinks and low physical activity. Over time, the newly diagnosed patients worsened their physical profile with increased weight, waist circumference, visceral adiposity index (P = 0.030) and HbA1c (P = 0.010). HbA1c increased for newly diagnosed male patients with 0.24 m.mol/L (P = 0.007). The long-term patient's physical activity level was low. After the intervention, they improved in consumption of soft drinks (P = 0.001) and fast food meals (P = 0.009). Furthermore, the long-term patients lowered their weight and waist circumference while becoming more physically active. There were no changes in HbA1c in the intervention period.ConclusionOur study showed being long-term ill and female gender was associated with positive outcome of lifestyle intervention into improving physical health and reducing diabetes type 2 risk, meanwhile being newly diagnosed and being male showed a negative outcome despite intervention.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Serum 25-OH vitamin D level in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Kopecek M. , Protopopova D. , Knytl P. , Kohutova B. , Hanka J. , Mohr P. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction25-OH vitamin D level is an immediate precursor metabolite of the active form of vitamin D that leads to expression of more than 200 genes.AimsThe aim of our study was to examine 25-OH vitamin D deficiency (<50nmol/L) and its relationship to demographic factors in recently hospitalised patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD).MethodsWe assessed 25-OH vitamin D serum level in 41 SSD patients (54% of males, 46% with first episode, 63% during sunny season [May to October]), mean age 30 ± 10.4 years, within first days of hospitalization. The serum 25-OH vitamin D level was analysed with electrochemiluminiscence, using imunoanalysators Elecsys Roche.ResultsThe serum level was significantly higher in sunny season (41.3 ± 27.2 nmol/L) than in November to April (28.4 ± 11.2 nmol/L): t-test, P < .05. Sixty-nine percent of patients suffered from 25-OH vitamin D deficiency (< 50nmol/L) in May to October and 100% during November to April. The 25-OH vitamin D serum levels were not different between males and females, or between first-episode and multiple-episode patients. No significant correlation between age and 25-OH vitamin D level was found.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of 25-OH vitamin D deficiency (< 50nmol/L) suggests that some patients with SSD may benefit from vitamin D supplementation.FundingThis study is a result of the research funded by the project Nr. LO1611 with a financial support from the MEYS under the NPU I program.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.