bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the History of the Tables in Taxonomy of Emotions
Authors: Knuuttila Simo 
Published: June 2016

Les manuels et les écrits savants des xvie-xviie siècles font un usage croissant des possibilités typographiques pour éditer des diagrammes et des tables de classification. Ces instruments sont alors appliqués aux passions, ce qui se comprend dans la mesure où la première table analytique, reposant sur un schéma à quatre entrées, fut introduite dans la théorie stoïcienne puis discutée sans interruption jusqu’au début de l’époque moderne. J’étudie certains aspects de l’histoire de ce modèle à quatre entrées dans la théorie stoïcienne et ses transformations dans d’autres théories des émotions, en prenant quelques exemples de leurs formulations graphiques dans les travaux imprimés. Dans la seconde partie de l’article, j’étudie l’usage que fait Christian Thomasius d’une grille d’analyse destinée à l’évaluation psychologique des émotions et et de la personnalité. Thomasius, dans ses tables d’émotions, mêle caractéristiques physiques, psychologiques et sociologiques et les utilise de façon innovante pour définir des profils émotionnels fondés sur des valeurs quantifiées de l’intensité des traits de personnalité.
HDAC3 Is Required for the Downregulation of RORγt during Thymocyte Positive Selection
Authors: Philips Rachael L. , Chen Meibo W. , McWilliams Douglas C. , Belmonte Paul J. , Constans Megan M. , Shapiro Virginia Smith 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
To generate functional peripheral T cells, proper gene regulation during T cell development is critical. In this study, we found that histone deacetylase (HDAC) 3 is required for T cell development. T cell development in CD2-icre HDAC3 conditional knockout (cKO) mice (HDAC3-cKO) was blocked at positive selection, resulting in few CD4 and CD8 T cells, and it could not be rescued by a TCR transgene. These single-positive thymocytes failed to upregulate Bcl-2, leading to increased apoptosis. HDAC3-cKO mice failed to downregulate retinoic acid–related orphan receptor (ROR) γt during positive selection, similar to the block in positive selection in RORγt transgenic mice. In the absence of HDAC3, the RORC promoter was hyperacetylated. In the periphery, the few CD4 T cells present were skewed toward RORγt+ IL-17–producing Th17 cells, leading to inflammatory bowel disease. Positive selection of CD8 single-positive thymocytes was restored in RORγt-KO Bcl-xL transgenic HDAC3-cKO mice, demonstrating that HDAC3 is required at positive selection to downregulate RORγt.
FHR3 Blocks C3d-Mediated Coactivation of Human B Cells
Authors: Buhlmann Denise , Eberhardt Hannes U. , Medyukhina Anna , Prodinger Wolfgang M. , Figge Marc Thilo , Zipfel Peter F. , Skerka Christine 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The autoimmune renal disease deficient for complement factor H–related (CFHR) genes and autoantibody-positive form of hemolytic uremic syndrome is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies specific for the central complement regulator, factor H, combined with a homozygous deficiency, mostly in CFHR3 and CFHR1. Because FHR3 and FHR1 bind to C3d and inactivated C3b, which are ligands for complement receptor type 2 (CR2/CD21), the aim of the current study was to examine whether FHR3-C3d or FHR1-C3d complexes modulate B cell activation. Laser-scanning microscopy and automated image-based analysis showed that FHR3, but not FHR1 or factor H, blocked B cell activation by the BCR coreceptor complex (CD19/CD21/CD81). FHR3 bound to C3d, thereby inhibiting the interaction between C3d and CD21 and preventing colocalization of the coreceptor complex with the BCR. FHR3 neutralized the adjuvant effect of C3d on B cells, as shown by inhibited intracellular CD19 and Akt phosphorylation in Raji cells, as well as Ca2+ release in peripheral B cells. In cases of CFHR3/CFHR1 deficiency, the FHR3 binding sites on C3d are occupied by factor H, which lacks B cell–inhibitory functions. These data provide evidence that FHR3, which is absent in patients with the autoimmune form of hemolytic uremic syndrome, is involved in B cell regulation.
A Novel R848-Conjugated Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine Is Efficacious and Safe in a Neonate Nonhuman Primate Model
Authors: Holbrook Beth C. , Kim Jong R. , Blevins Lance K. , Jorgensen Matthew J. , Kock Nancy D. , D’Agostino Ralph B. , Aycock S. Tyler , Hadimani Mallinath B. , King S. Bruce , Parks Griffith D. , Alexander-Miller Martha A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInfluenza virus infection of neonates poses a major health concern, often resulting in severe disease and hospitalization. At present, vaccines for this at-risk population are lacking. Thus, development of an effective vaccine is an urgent need. In this study, we have used an innovative nonhuman primate neonate challenge model to test the efficacy of a novel TLR 7/8 agonist R848-conjugated influenza virus vaccine. The use of the intact virus represents a step forward in conjugate vaccine design because it provides multiple antigenic targets allowing for elicitation of a broad immune response. Our results show that this vaccine induces high-level virus-specific Ab- and cell-mediated responses in neonates that result in increased virus clearance and reduced lung pathology postchallenge compared with the nonadjuvanted virus vaccine. Surprisingly, the addition of a second TLR agonist (flagellin) did not enhance vaccine protection, suggesting that combinations of TLR that provide increased efficacy must be determined empirically. These data support further exploration of this new conjugate influenza vaccine approach as a platform for use in the at-risk neonate population.
Reported Benefits of Insulin Therapy for Better Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients–-Is this Applicable in Saudi Patients?
Authors: AlSaggaf Wafaa , Asiri Mohammed , Ajlan Balgees , Afif Alaa Bin , Khalil Roaa , Salman Anas Bin , Alghamdi Ahmed , Bashawieh Osama , Alamoudi Atheer , Aljahdali Abeer , Aljahdali Nouf , Patwa Hussam , Bakhaidar Mohammed , Bahijri Suhad M. , Ahmed Maimoona , Al-Shali Khalid , Bokhari Samia , Alhozali Amani , Borai Anwar , Ajabnoor Ghada , Tuomilehto Jaakko 
Published: June 2016

Aim To compare the effect of different treatment regimens (oral hypoglycemic agents [OHGs], insulin therapy, and combination of both) on glycemic control and other cardiometabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Saudi. Subjects and Methods Patients with T2DM, but no serious diabetic complications, were randomly recruited from the diabetes clinics at two large hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, during June 2013 to July 2014. Only those without change in treatment modality for the last 18 months were included. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were measured. Treatment plan was recorded from the patients' files. Fasting blood sample was obtained to measure glucose, HbA1c, and lipid profile. Results A total of 197 patients were recruited; 41.1% were men and 58.9% were women. The mean (±SD) age was 58.5 ± 10.5 years. Most patients (60.7%) were on OHGs, 11.5% on insulin therapy, and 27.7% were using a combination of insulin and OHGs. The mean HbA1c was lower in patients using OHGs only, compared with means in those using insulin, or combined therapy in patients with disease duration of #10 years ( P = 0.001) and also in those with a longer duration of the disease ( P < 0.001). A lower mean diastolic and systolic blood pressure was found among patients on insulin alone ( P < 0.01). No significant differences were found in lipid profiles among the groups. Conclusion Insulin therapy, without adequate diabetes education, fails to control hyperglycemia adequately in Saudi T2DM patients. There is a challenge to find out reasons for poor control and the ways as to how to improve glycemic control in T2DM.
Special issue: Legal education and curriculum renewal
Authors: McNamara Judith , Field Rachael 
Published: June 2016

<p class="p1"> </p> <p class="JLDBodyText2">Welcome to this special edition of the <em>Journal of Learning Design</em> which focuses on legal education and curriculum renewal in law. At the outset ,we would like to thank the editors of the Journal, Margaret Lloyd and Nan Bahr for agreeing to host this special edition. The special edition is timely as legal education in Australia is enjoying a lively period of renewal.</p><p class="p1"> </p>
Private kwaliteitsborging als wetgevingsvraagstuk
Authors: Neerhof A.R. 
Published: June 2016

Private kwaliteitsborging als wetgevingsvraagstuk
Bij zowel de Europese als de nationale overheid is er al meer dan twee decennia lang een duidelijke belangstelling voor private kwaliteitsborging als een instrument voor regulering en toezicht naast exclusief overheidsoptreden. Dit past bij de gedachte dat in de samenleving ook veel kan worden gereguleerd zonder dat de overheid daar meteen aan te pas hoeft te komen. De auteur bespreekt dit instrument als wetgevingsvraagstuk. Daarbij komen de modaliteiten van private kwaliteitsborging aan bod en welke aandachtspunten in acht moeten worden genomen als de wetgever kiest voor private kwaliteitsborging. Deze aandachtspunten zijn te ontlenen aan beginselen van de democratische rechtsstaat en beginselen van behoorlijke wetgeving, goed bestuur en de open markt. Aan het slot trekt de auteur enkele conclusies over op welke wijze de overheid rekening moet houden met private kwaliteitsborging bij de totstandkoming van wetgeving.
De functie van de kwaliteitsborging in het zorgstelsel
Authors: Sijmons J.G. 
Published: June 2016

De functie van de kwaliteitsborging in het zorgstelsel
In het gezondheidsrecht is de ontwikkeling van private normen van groot belang. Tussen normen van de wetgever en toetsing door de rechter ontwikkelt zich steeds meer een laag van standaarden, richtlijnen en protocollen. Deze geven invulling aan de meer globale normen en plichten die in formele wetgeving zijn neergelegd. Het Zorginstituut Nederland speelt hierin een belangrijke rol door registratie van richtlijnen en protocollen. De auteur gaat onder meer in op de ontwikkeling en vormgeving van de kwaliteitsnormering en plaatst enkele kanttekeningen daarbij. Zo zal de verwachting dat met deze ontwikkeling ook transparantie bij kwaliteit van zorg kan worden bevorderd, voorlopig niet zijn gerealiseerd. Integendeel, het heeft eerder de ondoorzichtigheid van het kwaliteitsvraagstuk in beeld gebracht. Het is zelfs de vraag of met een tendens naar standaarden als algemene, minimale kwaliteitsnormen met optimale doelmatigheid met de registratie wel de goede sleutel tot het goed functioneren van het stelsel is gevonden.
De boycot van de ‘toiletwet’
Authors: Ranchordás S.H. 
Published: June 2016

De boycot van de ‘toiletwet’
De zogenaamde ‘toiletwet’ van de Amerikaanse staat North Carolina heeft zowel binnen als buiten de Verenigde Staten de nodige beroering veroorzaakt. Deze wet regelt wie welke toiletten en kleedkamers mag gebruiken op basis van het geboortegeslacht. Dit heeft vergaande gevolgen voor transgenders, maar de betekenis van deze wet beperkt zich niet tot een toiletbezoek. Volgens de auteur ligt de betekenis dieper, in het gelijkheidsbeginsel, maatschappelijke waarnemingen over geslacht, de relatie tussen federale en lokale overheid en hoe economische en culturele belangen de toekomst van wetgeving kunnen beïnvloeden. Deze aspecten komen in de bijdrage aan bod, alsmede pogingen om de wet te boycotten.
Polarization-induced enhancement of hole injection efficiency in n-ZnO/p-graded AlxGa1−
xN heterojunction diodes
Authors: Jiang Junyan , Zhang Yuantao , Yan Long , Chi Chen , Wu Bin , Li Pengchong , Zhang Baolin , Du Guotong 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Vertically aligned O-polar ZnO nanowall networks were prepared on N-polar p-graded Al
x
Ga1−

x
N/sapphire substrates by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. Further, heterojunction light-emitting diodes based on O-polar n-ZnO/N-polar p-graded Al
x
Ga1−

x
N were fabricated. A strong and narrow ultraviolet emission at 388 nm, originating from ZnO, was observed under forward bias. The hole injection efficiency of the proposed diode was significantly enhanced owing to the existence of polarization-induced two-dimensional hole gas at the n-ZnO/p-graded Al
x
Ga1−

x
N heterointerface, thereby yielding an enhanced light output power. This work provides an alternative path towards the realization of high-performance ZnO-based ultraviolet diodes.
Analysis of a modified recessed active tunneling field-effect transistor
Authors: Kim HuiJung , Choi Seongwook , Yoo NakWon , Rhee SeungMan , Lee Myoung Jin , Park Young June 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
To enhance the on-current (I
ON) of a tunneling field-effect transistor (TFET), we investigated the structures of a TFET with a recessed active (RA) region, known as the “RA-TFET”, using three-dimensional (3D) simulation. The analyzed structure is different from the recessed dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) channel in terms of the positions of the source and drain. The benefit of this structure is that the tunneling length remains unchanged as the depth increases so that the current can be easily scaled up, thereby maintaining the subthreshold slope (SS) and active area. Using an RA-TFET with a 100 nm Si depth, a 9.45 × 10−7 A I
ON is achieved with a minimum SS of 35 mV/dec; in addition, we propose RA-TFET modifications to mitigate the ambipolar characteristics and reduce the capacitance between the gate and the drain (C
GD) by up to 40%.
Bubble-free high-speed UV nanoimprint lithography using condensable gas with very low global warming potential
Authors: Suzuki Kenta , Youn Sung-Won , Hiroshima Hiroshi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Bubble-free filling needs to be achieved to realize high-throughput mass production in ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL). Although bubble-free filling can be accomplished by performing UV-NIL under vacuum, nonvacuum processes can lower equipment and operation costs. UV-NIL in 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (PFP) has been recognized as a promising method of realizing ultrahigh-speed UV-NIL; however, the global warming potential (GWP) of PFP of 1030 might restrict its industrial use. In this work, UV-NIL of a spin-coated UV-curable resin in trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (CTFP), which has a low GWP of <5, was studied with the aim of identifying an alternative to PFP. The cavity filling speed of resin and mold release force in CTFP were comparable to those in PFP, and superior to those in helium atmosphere. Sub-100 nm patterns were successfully fabricated by UV-NIL in CTFP, although the line width shrinkage ratio of patterns fabricated in CTFP was slightly larger than that of patterns fabricated in PFP.
Evaluation of adhesive-free crossed-electrode poly(vinylidene fluoride) copolymer array transducers for high frequency imaging
Authors: Wagle Sanat , Decharat Adit , Habib Anowarul , Ahluwalia Balpreet S. , Melandsø Frank 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
High frequency crossed-electrode transducers have been investigated, both as single and dual layer transducers. Prototypes of these transducers were developed for 4 crossed lines (yielding 16 square elements) on a polymer substrate, using a layer-by-layer deposition method for poly(vinylidene fluoride–trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF–TrFE)] with intermediate sputtered electrodes. The transducer was characterized using various methods [LCR analyzer, a pulse–echo experimental setup, and a numerical Finite element method (FEM) model] and evaluated in terms of uniformity of bandwidth and acoustical energy output. All 16 transducer elements produced broad-banded ultrasonic spectra with small variation in central frequency and −6 dB bandwidth. The frequency responses obtained experimentally were verified using a numerical model.
Development of an impact-reduction device by applying ultrasonic vibrations to a high-strength steel plate using a downsized transducer
Authors: Suzuki Atsuyuki , Ikeoka Shota , Tsujino Jiromaru 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this study, we attempted to downsize an ultrasonic impact-reduction device and studied its use in vehicles because the use of large devices increases the overall vehicle weight and size and reduces fuel economy. We downsized the ultrasonic transducer to 195 mm from 435 mm and measured the vibration, deformation, and impact-reduction characteristics. The resonant frequency changed after a bolt-clamped Langevin-type transducer was connected with the horn, and the motional admittance decreased. Upon application of ultrasonic vibrations to a high-strength steel plate, the deformation magnitude increased, the springback magnitude decreased by up to 25%, and the impact force decreased by 18%. While the downsized impact reduction system was found to be less effective, it still showed an impact reduction effect.
The effects of turbulence on three‐dimensional magnetic reconnection at the magnetopause
Authors: Price L. , Swisdak M. , Drake J. F. , Cassak P. A. , Dahlin J. T. , Ergun R. E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTwo‐ and three‐dimensional particle‐in‐cell simulations of a recent encounter of the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS) with an electron diffusion region at the magnetopause are presented. While the two‐dimensional simulation is laminar, turbulence develops at both the X line and along the magnetic separatrices in the three‐dimensional simulation. The turbulence is strong enough to make the magnetic field around the reconnection island chaotic and produces both anomalous resistivity and anomalous viscosity. Each contribute significantly to breaking the frozen‐in condition in the electron diffusion region. A surprise is that the crescent‐shaped features in velocity space seen both in MMS observations and in two‐dimensional simulations survive, even in the turbulent environment of the three‐dimensional system. This suggests that MMS's measurements of crescent distributions do not exclude the possibility that turbulence plays an important role in magnetopause reconnection.
Dependence of EMIC wave parameters during quiet, geomagnetic storm, and geomagnetic storm phase times
Authors: Halford A. J. , Fraser B. J. , Morley S. K. , Elkington S. R. , Chan A. A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAs electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves may play an important role in radiation belt dynamics, there has been a push to better include them into global simulations. How to best include EMIC wave effects is still an open question. Recently many studies have attempted to parameterize EMIC waves and their characteristics by geomagnetic indices. However, this does not fully take into account important physics related to the phase of a geomagnetic storm. In this paper we first consider how EMIC wave occurrence varies with the phase of a geomagnetic storm and the SYM‐H, AE, and Kp indices. We show that the storm phase plays an important role in the occurrence probability of EMIC waves. The occurrence rates for a given value of a geomagnetic index change based on the geomagnetic condition. In this study we also describe the typical plasma and wave parameters observed in L and magnetic local time for quiet, storm, and storm phase. These results are given in a tabular format in the supporting information so that more accurate statistics of EMIC wave parameters can be incorporated into modeling efforts.
Seasonal and interannual variations of mixed layer salinity in the southeast tropical Indian Ocean
Authors: Zhang Ningning , Feng Ming , Du Yan , Lan Jian , Wijffels Susan E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this study, seasonal and interannual variations of the mixed layer salinity (MLS) in the southeast tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) are analyzed using satellite observations, historical data sets, and data‐assimilating ocean model outputs. On the seasonal cycle, the MLS in the SETIO becomes fresher in austral winter and saltier in austral summer: between the Java‐Lesser Sunda coast and the South Equatorial Current (SEC, 12°S), where positive entrainment and fresh advections counterbalance each other, the annual cycle of the MLS closely follows the variation of the air‐sea freshwater forcing; off the northwest and west Australian coasts, the MLS variations are influenced by the annual cycles of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) and Leeuwin Current (LC) transports as well as the air‐sea freshwater forcing, with eddy fluxes acting to freshen the MLS along the SEC, the Eastern Gyral Current, and the LC. On the interannual‐scale, El Niño (La Niña) events are typically associated with saltier (fresher) MLS in the SETIO. Composite and budget analyses reveal that interannual variations in precipitations drive the MLS anomalies off the Java‐Lesser Sunda coast; between 12°S and the northwest Australian coast, the MLS variations are influenced by both advection anomalies and local precipitation anomalies; whereas anomalous meridional currents contribute to the MLS variations off the west Australian coast. Both enhanced local precipitations and the ITF transport anomalies have substantial contributions to the drastic freshening of the Indonesian‐Australian Basin between the Java‐Lesser Sunda coast and the northwest Australian coast during the extended La Niña events in 1999–2001 and 2010–2012.
Thermisch induzierte Carbohydroxylierung von Styrolen mit Aryldiazoniumsalzen
Authors: Kindt Stephanie , Wicht Karina , Heinrich Markus R. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDie radikalische Carbohydroxylierung von Styrolen mit Aryldiazoniumsalzen konnte unter milden thermischen Bedingungen durchgeführt werden. Ein breites Spektrum von Aryldiazoniumsalzen war einsetzbar, und das auf einem gemischt radikalisch‐ionischen Mechanismus basierende Reaktionsprinzip ließ sich auf eine Carboveretherung sowie auf eine zweistufige, metallfreie Variante der Meerwein‐Arylierung ausdehnen, die zu Stilbenen führt.
Tautomers of a Fluorescent G Surrogate and Their Distinct Photophysics Provide Additional Information Channels
Authors: Sholokh Marianna , Improta Roberto , Mori Mattia , Sharma Rajhans , Kenfack Cyril , Shin Dongwon , Voltz Karine , Stote Roland H. , Zaporozhets Olga A. , Botta Maurizio , Tor Yitzhak , Mély Yves 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThienoguanosine (thG) is an isomorphic nucleoside analogue acting as a faithful fluorescent substitute of G, with respectable quantum yield in oligonucleotides. Photophysical analysis of thG reveals the existence of two ground‐state tautomers with significantly shifted absorption and emission wavelengths, and high quantum yield in buffer. Using (TD)‐DFT calculations, the tautomers were identified as the H1 and H3 keto‐amino tautomers. When incorporated into the loop of (−)PBS, the (−)DNA copy of the HIV‐1 primer binding site, both tautomers are observed and show differential sensitivity to protein binding. The red‐shifted H1 tautomer is strongly favored in matched (−)/(+)PBS duplexes, while the relative emission of the H3 tautomer can be used to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms. These tautomers and their distinct environmental sensitivity provide unprecedented information channels for analyzing G residues in oligonucleotides and their complexes.
Short Self‐Assembling Peptides Are Able to Bind to Copper and Activate Oxygen
Authors: Makhlynets Olga V. , Gosavi Pallavi M. , Korendovych Ivan V. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe have shown that de novo designed peptides self‐assemble in the presence of copper to create supramolecular assemblies capable of carrying out the oxidation of dimethoxyphenol in the presence of dioxygen. Formation of the supramolecular assembly, which is akin to a protein fold, is critical for productive catalysis since peptides possessing the same functional groups but lacking the ability to self‐assemble do not catalyze substrate oxidation. The ease with which we have discovered robust and productive oxygen activation catalysts suggests that these prion‐like assemblies might have served as intermediates in the evolution of enzymatic function and opens the path for the development of new catalyst nanomaterials.