bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE FRONTAL PLANE KNEE PROJECTION ANGLE IN ELITE MALE VOLLEYBALL ATHLETES IS INCREASED AFTER AN INCREMENTAL SHUTTLE RUN TEST UNTIL VOLUNTARY FATIGUE
Authors: Mendonça Luciana , Natália Bittencourt , Davidson Silva , Luciano Prado 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundKnee valgus is associated with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament rupture and this injury commonly occurs at the end of competition and/or training sessions. Probably, muscle fatigue is associated to this injury occurrence. Clinically, knee valgus is easily identified by the quantification of frontal plane knee projection angle (FPKPA).ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare FPKPA before and after a maximal, incremental shuttle-run testing protocol used to induce fatigue in elite male volleyball athletes.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSports Sciences Laboratory at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.Patients (or Participants)Thirteen elite male volleyball athletes with a mean age of 27.69 (+7.85) years, body mass of 92.00 (+8.97) kilograms and height of 1.94 (0.06) meters participated in a preseason assessment.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)Fatigue was induced by performing a maximal-incremental shuttle-run test for the estimation of maximal aerobic power according to the protocol proposed by Ramsbottonet al. (1988).Main Outcome MeasurementsFPKPA was measured during single-leg squat and involved a line connecting antero-superior iliac spine, a middle point between knee condyles and a middle point between the malleolus. The athletes performed 3 single-leg squats and a mean of the 3 FPKPA on the dominant lower limb was analyzed.ResultsThe dominant lower limb had a mean FPKPA of 3,18 o (±4.23) prior to and a mean FPKPA of 3.73 o (±4.03) after the fatigue protocol. A Studen's t-test analysis showed a statistical significant difference (p=0.019; mean difference=3.18; IC 95% of 0.62–5.74).ConclusionsElite male volleyball athletes had higher values of FPKPA on the dominant lower limb after a maximal, progressive exercise leading to fatigue. Probably, elite volleyball players may be under a higher risk of muscle-skeletal injuries under muscle fatigue conditions.
INJURY MECHANISMS OF THE KOREA LADIES PROFESSIONAL GOLFERS, 2015 SEASON PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Na Young Moo , Cho Young Jae , Jung Hee Seong , Lee Sae Yong 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundEpidemiological study analyzing golf specific injury mechanism has not been conducted in women's professional level golf.ObjectiveTo analyze the golf specific injury mechanisms of Korean ladies Professional Golfers in different tour levels of play (ie, Division I, II and III tour).DesignProspective epidemiological study.SettingUsing Yonsei Institute of Sports Science and Exercise Medicine Injury Surveillance System (YISSEM ISS) questionnaire survey division I, II and III tour Korean women professional golfers were participated in this study.Patients (or Participants)A total of 388 professional golfers in the 2015 KLPGA tour were recruited.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)Injuries sustained as a professional golfer.Main Outcome MeasurementsTime of injury, basic injury mechanism, when and where the injury occurred, amount of golf swing training per day and ground status while injured. A chi-square and logistic regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the golf-related injury mechanisms and any possible risk factors.ResultsThe injury rate was greater in the morning practice (34%) than afternoon (14%) or evening (4%) practice (P<0.05). A total range of 69 to 74% of all injury occurred during golf swing. The injury was most likely to occur during downswing specifically at ball impact (I:42%, II:37%, III:46%) followed by the follow-through (I:17%, II:19%, III:15%). Swing on the bad grass was 101.80 times more likely to result in injury (OR=101.80, CI 9.28–1116.43) and golfers are 58.7 times more likely to get injured during golf swing (OR=58.7, CI 9.23–373.76).ConclusionsGolfers are more prone to have injury when practicing golf swing during downswing on the bad grass condition in the morning. It was surprising result that environmental factors which can be quite easily modified results in various types of golf injuries. Before starting golf swing, golfers should check environmental factors to prevent golf injury.
A PREVIOUS HAMSTRING INJURY AFFECTS THE KICKING TECHNIQUE AND THIS IS INFLUENCED BY GENDER AND LIMB DOMINANCE
Authors: Navandar Archit , Veiga Santiago , García Carlos , Marquéz Gonzalo Torres , Chorro David , Navarro Enrique 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundAlthough the hamstring muscle group gets loaded during the kicking motion, the effect of a previous hamstring injury on the kicking skill has not been studied in detail.ObjectiveTo the study the effect of a previous hamstring injury on the kicking technique, and how gender and limb dominance influences the same.DesignObservational study. Participants were required to kick the ball into a target 7 m away using a four step run-up. Five valid kicks were taken from the dominant and non-dominant limb each.SettingLaboratory conditions on FIFA approved artificial turf, with a three-dimensional Vicon motion capture system at 200Hz and a Kistler force platform at 1000Hz. with participants belonging to Spanish First (women) and Second (men) Division teams.Participants45 professional soccer players (females=26, males=19) who belonged to clubs that had the same number of training sessions and matches per week.Main Outcome MeasurementsBall velocities, kinematic and kinetic data for the hip and knee of the kicking leg in the sagittal plane, and the reaction forces for the ground and the support leg. 3-way ANOVA was used to compare the data.ResultsPreviously injured female athletes had a lower peak hip velocity in the dominant limb kicks; and a smaller knee flexion angle, and a lower hip flexion velocity in the non-dominant limb kicks.ConclusionsKicking technique is affected by a previous hamstring injury in females especially in phases where the hamstring muscles are the most active. Differences in male soccer players were not seen. Thus these injuries must be treated differently in male and female soccer players, and whether the injury occurred in the dominant or non-dominant limb. An additional study with a greater number of previously injured athletes would be necessary to provide conclusive results.
EVALUATING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AND FIFA 11+ IMPLEMENTATION INTENTION IN YOUTH SOCCER COACHES
Authors: Owoeye Oluwatoyosi , Bulat Muge , McKay Carly , Hubka Tate , Palacios-Derflingher Luz , Schneider Kathryn , Emery Carolyn 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundThe FIFA 11+ program is efficacious in preventing lower extremity injuries in youth soccer players; however, its implementation remains a challenge. Coaches' beliefs and actions regarding injury prevention may influence program implementation.ObjectiveTo describe baseline psychosocial factors and evaluate their relationship with intended FIFA 11+ implementation amongst youth soccer coaches, using the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) behaviour change model.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingCommunity youth soccer.ParticipantsSeventy-nine youth soccer coaches from across Canada who attended a FIFA 11+ workshop (Spring 2016) during a nationwide program implementation initiative.Assessment of Risk FactorsA HAPA-based questionnaire was used to measure risk perceptions (RP), outcome expectancies (OE) and task self-efficacy (TSE) on a 7-point Likert scale. Scale levels were combined (positive, negative and neutral) to describe baseline values. Spearman correlation was used to assess relationship between factors and intention (INT) (with Bonferroni correction).Main Outcome MeasurementsINT to implement the FIFA 11+ in the successive soccer season as measured by the questionnaire.ResultsIn total, 92.4% of coaches completed the survey. Most coaches (84.6%) believed the overall risk of injury in youth soccer was high (RP). 80.6% of coaches believed soccer injuries were preventable (OE1) and 94.4% believed that the FIFA 11+ would decrease injury risk (OE2). 69.1% were confident in their understanding of the FIFA 11+ (TSE1) and 76.8% were confident in their ability to use it (TSE2). Most coaches (82.5%) intended to use the program (INT). Only TSE2 was found to be significantly associated with INT (rs=0.42, p=0.001).ConclusionsThis preliminary analysis demonstrates that task self-efficacy relating to youth soccer coaches' confidence in being able to use the FIFA 11+ correlates positively with their intention to implement the program. No other significant relations were found between the other psychosocial factors and coaches' intention.
FLOORBALL INJURIES DURING INTERNATIONAL TOURNAMENTS
Authors: Pasanen Kati , Bruun Merita , Vasankari Tommi , Nurminen Minna , Frey Walter 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundLittle is known about sports injuries in international floorball competition.ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and pattern of injuries among adult female and male floorball players during the major international floorball events (World Championships and Champions Cups).DesignProspective study.SettingInternational Floorball Federation (IFF) events 2012–2015.ParticipantsIn total, 112 teams with 2179 athletes (mean age 24.6±4.8) took part in the twelve IFF events.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe team medical persons were requested to report all new injuries during matches and practices throughout the events by using a structured injury form. The time of exposure was calculated for entire teams based on the IFF statistics.ResultsSixty-eight injuries were registered among 67 players. The overall rate of injury (per 1000 match and practice hours) was 3.07 (95% CI 2.35 to 3.80). Injury incidence during match play was 21.24 (95% CI 16.13 to 26.35). All except one of the injuries were acute traumas. The ankle was the most commonly injured body part (26%), followed by the head/face (18%) and the knee (18%). The most frequently reported injury types were sprain (46%), contusion (26%) and strain (16%). Five ACL injuries occurred and four of them in females. Injuries to the head/face included five lacerations, four contusions, two eye injuries and a concussion.ConclusionsThree percent of floorball players suffered from an injury during the twelve IFF events. Ankle sprain was the most common injury type. More data of floorball injuries on the international level is needed to enable more accurate knowledge of injuries and their risk factors.
PRE-SEASON ISOKINETIC SCREENING OF NEUROMUSCULAR RISK FACTORS IN ELITE FOOTBALL
Authors: Pereira Rogério , Andrade Renato , Vidal Ricardo , Castanheira Filipe , Leal Ana , Saavedra Cátia , Pais Nuno , Duarte Hugo , Silva Luís , Monteiro Alberto , Loureiro Nuno , Espregueira-Mendes João 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundNeuromuscular isokinetic screening as a pre-season test may identify players at risk of injury or undertrained players.ObjectiveIdentify, assess and describe unilateral and bilateral knee muscular deficits in elite football players at pre-season screening.DesignRetrospective cohort.SettingElite football divisions.Patients (or Participants)Of 99 eligible male elite footballers, older than 17 years and without knee injury within the last 6 months, 3 were excluded, resulting in a final sample of 96 players (25 yrs old, BMI 23.7 kg·m−2).Assessment of Risk FactorsKnee isokinetic assessment of both limbs was performed, starting with the non-dominant limb. The test range was set and gravity correction was performed. Before each isokinetic test, players were allowed 4 submaximal repetitions. The isokinetic test consisted of concentric sets of 6 and 8 repetitions, at 60˚/s and 180˚/s, respectively.Main Outcome MeasurementsPeak torque of knee extensors and flexors at 60˚/s and 180˚/s and conventional ratio at 60˚/s and 180˚/s. Individuals were also analysed for bilateral differences (>10%) and conventional ratio – Con/Con – (<0.47 and >0.80).ResultsSubgrouping by position, bilateral statistically significant differences were more frequent among defenders and goalkeepers, both for knee extensors and flexors (p<0.05). After individual analysis, 19% and 31% of players displayed significant bilateral asymmetries (>10%) for extensor peak torque at 60˚/s and 180˚/s, respectively; while 21% and 44% showed significant bilateral asymmetries for flexor peak torque at 60˚/s and 180˚/s, respectively. The conventional ratio was abnormal among 7% of players, for both dominant and non-dominant limbs at 60˚/s, and among 11% and 9% for dominant and non-dominant limbs, respectively, at 180˚/s.ConclusionsDefenders and goalkeepers tended to present bilateral differences for isokinetic parameters more frequently than other player positions. There was a considerable proportion of players with clinically meaningful bilateral asymmetries, also impacting on unilateral balance. This screening is important to tailor neuromuscular programmes addressing deficits believed to be associated with injury risk, relevant in both primary and secondary injury prevention.
INJURIES IN AUSTRALIAN FEMALE CRICKETERS AND THEIR TREATMENT SOURCES: AN ANALYSIS OF SELF-REPORTED SURVEY DATA FROM 2014–15 SEASON
Authors: Perera Nirmala , Kountouris Alex , Kemp Joanne , Joseph Corey , Finch Caroline 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundCricket is a sport with increasing popularity among women. Most studies examining injury in cricket include only men. In other sports, the types of injuries experienced by men and women are known to be different.ObjectiveTo present a profile of self-reported injuries among Australian female cricketers during 2014–15 season.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingCommunity to elite level Australian Cricket.ParticipantsWomen who were aged 16+years and registered to play senior cricket (ranging from grade to international level).Main Outcome MeasurementsIncidence, nature, anatomical location of injuries and their treatment sources.ResultsOf 164 survey respondents (mean age 23.7 years) 43.6% played cricket as all-rounders. 109 players reported being injured; 18% (n=20) sustained ≥3 injuries. Distal lower limb (23%, n=26) and head, neck and spine (22%, n=5) were the most frequently injured locations. The nature of injuries included 30.4% (n=35) muscle injuries; 27.8% (n=32) joint or ligament injuries and 21.7% (n=25) gradual onset/overuse injuries. The majority of injured respondents (43%, n=52) reported receiving treatment from an allied health professional; 29.2% (n=35) opted for self-treatment and 12.5% (n=15) did not seek any treatment.ConclusionsThis is the first national survey of injuries in female cricketers in Australia. Compared to previous injury figures for women in sports similar to cricket, the current study shows a higher frequency of injury. The most commonly injured anatomical location was the distal lower limb, in contrast to previous studies reporting shoulder and back pain. The high frequency of head, neck and spinal injuries self-reported needs further consideration to determine the specific nature of these injuries, whilst as are the number of injuries that remain untreated is concerning. There are some limitations to the retrospective self-reported nature of this study. However, this study offers a foundation for future monitoring of injuries sustained by female cricketers.
FIELD HOCKEY INJURIES AMONG HIGH SCHOOL GIRLS IN THE UNITED STATES, 2008/09–2015/16
Authors: Pierpoint Lauren , Comstock Rae Dawn 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundAlthough women's field hockey is a popular sport world-wide, detailed epidemiological injury data on United States (US) high school players are sparse. Characterizations of injury rates and patterns in high school athletes is the first necessary step to drive targeted injury prevention efforts.ObjectiveDescribe rates and patterns of high school field hockey injuries.DesignRetrospective descriptive epidemiology.SettingUS High Schools.Patients(or Participants)Injured high school field hockey athletes.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)Athlete exposure (AE) and injury event data reported by athletic trainers to a large national high school sports-related injury surveillance system.Main Outcome MeasurementsInjury rates and patterns.ResultsFrom 2008/09–2015/16, 1,256 injuries were sustained during 723,026 AEs for a rate of 1.74/1,000 AE. Injury rates were significantly higher in competitions (2.64) than practices (1.32) (rate ratio=2.00, 95% CI=1.79–2.23). Neither practice nor competition injury rates changed significantly over time (p>0.05). Overall, most injuries were due to contact with a playing apparatus (20.0% contact with ball; 15.9% contact with stick). The most common injury mechanism during practice was non-contact (32.2%) but during competition was contact with a playing apparatus (49.9%). The most common injuries were concussions (15.5%) and hip/thigh/upper leg strains (13.1%); eye injuries were uncommon (0.8%). Most concussions occurred during competition (77.1%) and were due to contact with a playing apparatus (50.0%) or contact with another player (39.5%). Most athletes returned to play within 3 weeks (81.8%); 3.8% of injuries resulted in medical disqualifications for the remainder of the season. Surgical repair was required in 4.1% of injuries; specifically, 16.7% of knee injuries and 12.8% of fractures.ConclusionsField hockey injury rates and patterns differ between competition and practice. Injury prevention efforts should focus on reducing contact with the ball and stick, especially during competitions, while preserving the integrity of the game.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ROCK CLIMBING INJURIES TREATED IN UNITED STATES EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS, 2006–2015
Authors: Pierpoint Lauren , Klein Matt , Comstock Rae Dawn 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundRock climbing, an increasingly popular sport internationally, has become more accessible to broader populations with increasing numbers of climbing gyms and clubs. Even more participation should result from competitive climbing's inclusion in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Describing injury patterns among broad populations of climbers is a first step in developing recommendations for increasing the safety of both recreational and competitive climbers.ObjectiveDescribe incidence, characteristics, and trends of rock climbing injuries presenting to United States (US) emergency departments (EDs) from 2006–2015.DesignRetrospective descriptive epidemiology.SettingUS EDs.PatientsPatients presenting with climbing injuries.Assessment of Risk FactorsCase reports were obtained from a large national hospital surveillance system that included sample weighting factors enabling calculation of national estimates.Main Outcome MeasurementsInjury incidence and characteristics.ResultsAn estimated 39,285 climbing injuries were treated in US EDs from 2006–2015; incidence increased by 36% during that period. The majority of injured climbers were male (70.0%) and aged 20–39 years (57.5%). Ankles (21.7%) and lower legs (16.0%) were the most commonly injured body parts. Fractures (28.4%) and sprains/strains (27.3%) were the most common diagnoses. Most common mechanisms included falls (73.0%) and acute non-contact (13.0%). Overall, 12.1% of injuries treated in the ED resulted in hospitalization. Males (OR=1.91, 95% CI=1.11–3.30) and climbers who fell >20ft (OR=7.46, 95% CI=4.01–13.71) were more likely to be hospitalized than other injured climbers. Hospitalization was most frequent for fractures (66.6%) and head injuries (19.8%).ConclusionsClimbing injury incidence increased over the past decade with young males most commonly injured. While lower limb injuries were the most commonly treated, head injuries accounted for nearly 20% of all hospitalizations. Such basic descriptive epidemiology studies characterizing injuries among broad populations of climbers can inform health care coverage decisions at competitions and drive future injury prevention efforts.
HIGH PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF HEALTH PROBLEMS IN TALENTED DUTCH ATHLETES
Authors: Richardson Angelo , Clarsen Ben , Verhagen Evert , Stubbe Janine 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundA thorough knowledge of the epidemiology of health problems in youth female elite sports is lacking, as most studies define health problems as time loss from participation.ObjectiveTo prospective investigate the burden of health problems in young female elite athletes.DesignDescriptive epidemiology study.SettingParticipants were involved in the Dutch national high-performance program of the Centre for Top sport and Education Amsterdam, the Netherlands.Patients (or Participants)Sixty young elite Dutch female athletes (mean age 16.6; SD=2.3 years) participating in soccer (N=23), basketball (N=22) and gymnastic (N=15) were prospectively followed during one competitive season. All athletes completed the study.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)During the pre-season period, age, height and body weight was recorded. To collect health problem data, all athletes were asked to complete the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Questionnaire on Health Problems every other week during the entire season.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe prevalence and incidence density of all health problems was calculated. To calculate the relative impact of injuries between the various sporting groups, a cumulative severity score was calculated for each anatomical area.ResultsAt any given time 47.9% of the athletes had an injury (95% CI 43.6% to 52.6%). The average injury incidence density was 8.6 per 1000 hours of athlete exposure. The average number of reported injuries per athlete per season was significantly higher in soccer athletes (4.3±2.7) than in basketball athletes (2.6±2.0) (p=0.03). Injuries located at the knee in basketball and soccer and injuries located at the heel in the gymnastic squad had the highest impact on sports participation.ConclusionsThe new injury methodology captured a more complete picture of the burden of health complaints in the athletes, in contrasts to what is found using standard surveillance methods.
VIDEO ANALYSIS OF ACUTE INJURIES IN INTERNATIONAL FIELD HOCKEY
Authors: Rolle Udo , Theilen Till-Martin , Müller-Eising Wiebke , Wefers-Bettink Peter 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundInjury assessment is an essential part of injury prevention, but methods of injury recording vary between different kinds of sport and levels of competition.ObjectiveAnalysis of acute injuries in international field hockey tournaments using video footage.DesignRetrospective study of acute injuries at international field hockey tournaments.SettingVideo footage was assessed and scenes with an acute injury were selected. Acute injury was defined as any new musculoskeletal complaint or concussion, which leads to time stoppage at the game by the umpire.Patients (or Participants)Medical clips were included from the World League 2015 and Champions Trophy 2015 (women, men). Four researchers independently analyzed video footage from 212 matches.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)The videos were reviewed using a standardized protocol: time of injury/site of injury at the pitch/injury mechanism/injured body part/type of injury/severity of injury.Main Outcome MeasurementsIncidence and severity of acute injuries, possible rule changes considered.ResultsOverall number of injuries was 196 in 212 matches (0.92 injuries/match (confidence interval (CI)±0.06)). Number of injuries was 61 in women and 135 in men. This equalled 0.58 injuries/match (CI±0.07) in women and 1.27 injuries/match (CI±0,03) in men. Injuries per 1000 player match hours were 26.2 (CI±3.0) in women; 57.9 (CI±1.5) in men and overall 42.0 (CI±2.6). Most injuries happened within the third quarter and in the circle in both genders. Cause of injury was a hit by the ball or stick or collision with player. Injured body site was mostly head, face, trunk and leg in both genders. Four serious injuries were discovered.ConclusionsVideo analysis enables accurate assessment of acute field hockey injuries. Video analysis provides detailed information on causes of injuries, which might lead to rule adaptations.