bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Bangladeshi Doctors' Attitudes and Beliefs about Smoking
Authors: Samiullah Mohammed , Numan Md. Shibly , Khanum Roufa , Khan Tanzim , Lima Mehebuba Naorin , Hossain Mokaram 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that smoking is the major cause of death worldwide. To understand physicians' attitudes toward smoking, we devised various statements and questions for this study. These statements and questions will allow us to interpret physician attitudes toward smoking. The establishment of smoking termination programs relates specifically to physicians, which may also be a significant strategy for enhancing patients' treatment procedures. In this study, 91% of the physicians agreed that children under age 16 should not have access to cigarettes. Approximately 80% of the surveyed physicians stated that law enforcement to stop people from buying cigarettes is essential for raising awareness and keeping people away from this deadly disease-causing agent. Survey data showed that more than 90% of physicians strongly support awareness programmes regarding smoking's deadly effects to increase awareness. Physicians who are current smokers are providing less treatment and precautions than physicians who are nonsmokers or former smokers. More than 85% of the physicians agreed that the academic curriculum should contain harmful information about smoking; thus, from the beginning, people became accustomed to understanding the negative impacts of smoking. Although approximately 90% of the physicians said that they encouraged their patients not to smoke, the percentage should be 100%, as smoking causes various deadly diseases.
Feasibility of Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer using reagent for analyzing purine metabolite (Hypoxanthine, Xanthine) in urine
Authors: Kang MeeYoung , Lee Boram , Han Ho-Seong , He Jin , Kim Chang Hyun , Yoon Yoo-Seok 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Early detection is crucial for improving patient outcome. Current biomarkers like CA 19-9 have limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity. This study investigated the potential of the urinary purine metabolites hypoxanthine and xanthine as biomarkers for early PC detection.
Methods: This single-center, non-blinded clinical trial included 120 participants (60 patients with PC and 60 healthy controls). Patients aged 18-85 years, scheduled for curative PC surgery were recruited. Urine samples were collected preoperatively and analyzed using a purine metabolome analysis kit developed by CUBEBIO. The study assessed the concentrations of hypoxanthine and xanthine and compared them with CA 19-9 levels. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: PC patients had significantly higher mean ages (65.63 ± 10.58 years) and lower BMI (22.55 ± 3.19 kg/m²) than controls (46.62 ± 13.34 years and 24.94 ± 3.56 kg/m², respectively). Urinary hypoxanthine and xanthine levels were significantly lower in patients with PC (0.136 ± 0.0821) than in controls (0.292 ± 0.1208), with a p-value of <0.001. The diagnostic method showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.850, with a sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity of 71.1%. Urinary purine metabolites outperformed CA 19-9 for early-stage PC detection.
Conclusion: Urinary hypoxanthine and xanthine are promising biomarkers for early PC detection, offering a noninvasive, cost-effective diagnostic tool with higher sensitivity and specificity than CA 19-9. These findings support further research to validate and refine this diagnostic approach, potentially improving the early detection and patient outcomes in pancreatic cancer.
Electrochemical Properties of GO-rGO: Insights from Modified Hummers Synthesis and Thermal Reduction
Authors: Preethi A. Cathirin , Hariharakrishnan V. , Saraswathi V. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Graphene Oxide (GO) was synthesized using the Modified Hummers Method and subsequently thermally reduced to produce reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated crystalline dimensions of approximately 5 nm for GO and 7 nm for rGO, suggesting a slight increase in crystallinity after reduction. UV-vis spectroscopy revealed distinct electronic properties: GO exhibited an optical band gap of 2.42 eV, which narrowed to 1.33 eV in rGO, indicating improved conductivity in post-reduction. Raman Spectroscopy showed characteristic D and G bands, with the ID/IG intensity ratio increasing after thermal reduction, suggesting a higher degree of structural defects in rGO. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) provided morphological insights, while Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX) confirmed the reduction of oxygen-containing groups in rGO. Electrochemical analyses using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) demonstrated enhanced charge storage and faster electron transfer kinetics in rGO compared to GO, highlighting its potential for superior supercapacitor electrodes. This study underscores the diverse properties of GO-rGO, essential for advancing electrochemical energy storage technologies.
Epilepsy, suicidal ideation and their complex relationship: apropos of a clinical case
Authors: Sousa Bárbara Castro , de Sá Zoé Correia , Ramos Joana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

People with epilepsy are at an increased risk of suicide and suicidality (suicidal ideation or behavior), typically with a standardized mortality ratio between 3 and 5, making it a significant cause of premature death. Recent years have seen the recognition of suicidality as a potential complication of several drug groups, including antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Managing cases of suicidality in patients without a psychiatric history, where the initiation of an AED is the only new factor, poses a particular challenge.
Aim: The authors report the case of a man with no psychiatric history who developed suicidal thoughts after starting eslicarbazepine for post-traumatic brain injury epileptic seizures.
Methods: The patient was monitored after starting eslicarbazepine, with regular psychiatric evaluations for mood, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Despite suspected medication-induced suicidal thoughts, treatment continued, supplemented by anxiolytics and mood stabilizers. Collaboration with neurology ensured a comprehensive care approach.
Results: A decision was made to switch the antiepileptic to topiramate, in collaboration with the neurology team. Following this change, a significant improvement in the patient's mental health was observed, with a marked reduction in suicidal thoughts and stabilization of mood. The patient’s anxiety levels also decreased, contributing to overall better clinical outcomes.
Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of careful monitoring for suicidality in patients receiving AEDs, even in the absence of psychiatric history. Prompt recognition and appropriate intervention, including potential medication adjustments and additional support for anxiety and mood stabilization, were crucial. Psychiatry-Neurology collaboration improved outcomes, integrating pharmacological, neurological and psychological factors.
Soft Corals-derived Dihydrosinularin Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Cell Model of Parkinson's Disease by Regulating the PI3K Pathway
Authors: Wen Zhi-Hong , Chiu Ya-Jen , Yang San‑Nan , Huang Tzu-Yi , Feng Chien-Wei , Chen Nan-Fu , Sung Chun-Sung , Chen Wu-Fu 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an irreversible, progressive disorder
that profoundly impacts both motor and non-motor functions, thereby significantly diminishing
the individual’s quality of life. Dihydrosinularin (DHS), a natural bioactive
molecule derived from soft corals, exhibits low cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory properties.
However, the therapeutic effects of DHS on neurotoxins and PD are currently unknown.

Objective:
This study investigated whether DHS could mitigate 6-hydroxydopamine (6-
OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity and explored the role of neuroprotective PI3K downstream
signaling pathways, including that of AKT, ERK, JNK, BCL2, and NFκB, in DHS-
mediated neuroprotection.

Method:
We treated the human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, with the neurotoxin
6-OHDA to establish a cellular model of PD. Meanwhile, we assessed the anti-apoptotic
and neuroprotective properties of DHS through cell viability, apoptosis, and immunostaining
assays. Furthermore, we utilized the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 to validate the
therapeutic target of DHS.

Results:
Based on the physicochemical properties of DHS, it can be inferred that it has
promising oral bioavailability and permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It
was demonstrated that DHS upregulates phosphorylated AKT and ERK while downregulating
phosphorylated JNK. Consequently, this enhances the expression of BCL2, which
exerts a protective effect on neuronal cells by inhibiting caspase activity and preventing
cell apoptosis. The inhibition of PI3K significantly reduced the relative protective activity
of DHS in 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting that the neuroprotective effects
of DHS are mediated through the activation of PI3K signaling.

result:
It was demonstrated that DHS upregulates phosphorylated AKT and ERK, while downregulating phosphorylated JNK. Consequently, this enhances the expression of BCL2, which exerts a protective effect on neuronal cells by inhibiting caspase activity and preventing cell apoptosis. The inhibition of PI3K significantly reduced the relative protective activity of DHS in 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting that the neuroprotective effects of DHS are mediated through the activation of PI3K signaling.

Conclusion:
By investigating the mechanisms involved in 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity,
we provided evidence concerning the therapeutic potential of DHS in neuroprotection.
Further research into DHS and its mechanisms of action holds promise for developing
novel therapeutic strategies for PD.
A Prospective, Open-label, Non-randomised Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Femiforte in the Treatment of Leucorrhoea
Authors: Milind Patil  , Nikhil Chaudhari  , Damodar Dukle  
Published: September 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Femiforte Tablets in Leucorrhoea. Materials and Methods: A prospective, interventional clinical study was conducted on 40 female patients, aged between 24-49 years, confirmed with leucorrhoea from clinical examination and who were willing to give informed consent. All patients received Femiforte Tablet at a dose of 1 tablet twice a day for 4 weeks. All patients were evaluated at baseline and 4 weeks for parameters of malodor discharge, malodor discharge after intercourse, itching, dyspareunia, vaginal irritation, dysuria, lower abdominal pain; abnormal pH, bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginitis and candidiasis; physician's and patient's global assessment at end of the study. Observation and Results: Femiforte Tablets reduced malodor discharge and malodor discharge after intercourse in 45% and 42.5% patients respectively, at the end of 4th week from baseline. At the end of 4th week, itching, dyspareunia and vaginal irritation had a reduction in 50%, 37.5% and 35% patients respectively, from baseline. At the end of 4th week, dysuria and lower abdominal pain had a reduction in 15% and 30% patients respectively, from baseline. Conclusion: Femiforte Tablets produced a significant reduction in all the parameters associated with leucorrhoea, assessed after 4 weeks of treatment. In addition, a significant improvement in clinical global impression in efficacy and tolerability was also observed. No adverse events were reported by any patients. This indicates that Femiforte Tablet is clinically effective and safe in leucorrhoea.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN KEMISKINAN DI 34 PROVINSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wirayudha Ariq Bima , Prasetyia Ferry 
Published: September 2024

This research examines the issue of poverty in developing countries, particularly in Indonesia, with a focus on understanding the phenomenon of poverty and the influence of determinant variables on the level, depth, and severity of poverty. The study will use panel data regression to identify determinants of poverty. The results of the research indicate that the level of poverty, the poverty depth index, and the severity of poverty have different determinants. Gross Domestic Product (PDRB) and Human Development Index (IPM) have a negative effect on overall poverty, suggesting that efforts to reduce poverty would be effective by increasing PDRB and IPM. On the other hand, Total Population and Inflation have a positive impact on the poverty index. Therefore, policies focused on reducing unemployment and maintaining inflation rates would be essential in efforts to reduce poverty. In conclusion, the findings suggest that addressing specific determinants is crucial in developing targeted policies for poverty reduction.
Новинки лазерного оборудования на выставке «Металлообработка 2024»
Authors: Истомина Н.Л. 
Published: September 2024

Международная специализированная выставка «Металлообработка‑2024», прошедшая
в Москве в ЦВК «Экспоцентр» с 20 по 24 мая, собрала более 1 500 компаний из 7 стран мира, среди них – 786 представляли российских участников.
Interpretation of the 3D geoelectrical model of the Kocheriv structure of the Western Ukrainian Shield
Authors: Ilienko Volodymyr , Burakhovych Tatiana , Kushnir Anton 
Published: September 2024

The interpretation of the 3D model of the Kocheriv structure of the Ukrainian shield, based on the data of experimental observations of the low-frequency electromagnetic field of the Earth in a wide range of periods, was carried out by S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The main result of the geological-geoelectrical interpretation is that the Kocherivsynclinorium within its geological limits did not appear as a solid conductive structure; new anomalies of low resistance were discovered in the near-surface part of the crust (from the surface to 0.5—2 km), which correspond to structural and metallogenic features,extend along the Vilensky and Kocheriv faults, which belong to the Zvizdal-Zaliska fault zone and the Vilshansky (Brusyliv fault zone) and their intersection with the Central fault zone; an abnormally heterogeneous distribution of resistivity in the crust at depths from 15 to 30 km west of the Ukrainian shield was confirmed. The resistivity of the host rocks is on average 10,000 Ω·m, it extends over almost the entire thickness of the crust up to 50 km, which spatially agrees well with the massifs of granites of the Zhytomyr and Fastiv complexes of the Volyn and Ros’ Domain. The nature of the electrical conductivity anomaly may be the result of transport of ore components together with fluids from the crust and mantle during tectonic-magmatic activation, which allows predicting areas promising for endogenous mineralization as projections of deep anomalies to the day surface.
A connection between endogenous mineralization within the Kocheriv structure and low- resistivity anomalies was established. Zones of deep faults, to which low-resistivity anomalies are confined, require further study, such as the sublatitude anomaly along the Masheryn fault. Anomalies in the north of the Kocheriv structure at the intersection of the Kocheriv and Glukhiv faults and further south within the deepest (up to 2 km from the surface) near-surface sub-latitudinal conductor, which spatially coincides with the Komariv sub-latitudinal fault zone, stand out as promising for mineral exploration that meets geoelectrical criteria.
Clases Remotas y Universitarios Colombianos En El Contexto Del Coronavirus
Authors: Rojas Reyes Gonzalo 
Published: September 2024

Esta investigación muestra algunas representaciones sociales sobre las clases remotas impartidas en universidades de ciudades intermedias, del Departamento de Santander (Colombia), durante la pandemia. Participaron 110 estudiantes (N=110). Se utilizó la entrevista como técnica para el levantamiento de información. Los resultados hallados aportan conocimiento en dos focos de análisis del tema: uno muestra las cogniciones acerca de lo virtual, y el otro presenta las valoraciones que ellos dieron sobre la adopción de las clases remotas, su aprovechamiento, las condiciones materiales para recibirlas y las plataformas tecnológicas que utilizaron.
Con el conocimiento obtenido en los resultados, esta investigación comparte que la adopción de las clases remotas resultó abrupta, forzosa e improvisada, y toma distancia de quienes generalizan que las limitaciones que se dieron en ellas obedecen principalmente a asuntos relacionados con lo tecnológico y el acceso a internet. Esta explicación aplica más a los contextos educativos de primaria y secundaria. En la universidad el tema se vuelve controvertido y pide otras lecturas causales, porque hubo numerosos estudiantes que, contando con equipos e internet, frecuentemente se conectaban para cumplir con la asistencia, y luego permanecían al margen de cuanto en las clases acontecía.
HOPS: The Aromatic Ingredient of Breweries
Authors: Santana Ana Flávia Mendonça , Fernandes André Luís Teixeira , Miranda Everaldo , Coronado Leonardo Otávio , Tibery Lourena Rios , Finzer José Roberto Delalibera 
Published: September 2024

Objective: The main objective of this study is to produce and characterize the raw material used to manufacture beer, including planting and harvesting by one of the largest brewing groups in the country, the Petropólis group, with a unit installed in the city of Uberaba/MG with a built area of 108,000 m².

Theoretical Framework: Most hops used for brewing in Brazil are imported from countries such as Germany and the United States. However, certain varieties have adapted to the Brazilian climate and achieved significant yields and qualities.

Method: Hop samples were collected in the city of Uberaba-MG. Mettler Toledo® moisture content measuring equipment, model HE53, was used. The hop samples were dried in the Pardal® New Hobby model dehydrator. In the granulometric analysis, the Tyler series of sieves was used. Color was measured using an Eoptis® reflectance colorimeter, model CLM-194.

Results and Discussion: The hop cones, after drying stages, presented an average content of 91.67% of dry matter. The color difference between the dried leaves and the dried/ground hop cones, in relation to the standard, were ΔE = 64.16 and 57.77 respectively. The average Sauter diameter was 0.0347 cm.

Research Implications: The Petrópolis group invests in planting hops that will enable the creation of a final product with its own identity in the future, which are beers produced with its own hops. Cultivation began with an area of ​​two hectares planted.

Originality/Value: The group plans to double the plantation area and claims it is a promising business for the future, where many producers will invest in this cultivar, as today it is entirely possible to apply techniques such as prolonged lighting and irrigation systems.
Using a Conventional Steel Probe and a Plastic Colour-Coded Probe to Distinguish between Thin and Thick Gingival Phenotypes, Compare the Diagnostic Accuracy of the Two Transparency Methods: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dayakar M.M. , Pooja H. , Prakash Pai Pai G. , Shivananda H. 
Published: September 2024

Objectives
The cross-sectional study to evaluate the ability to categorize gingival phenotype according to gingival thickness (GT) using colored periodontal probes (CPP) and a traditional steel probe (SP).

Material and Methods
A total of 150 patients (n = 900) had three anterior teeth examined; the buccal GT in those teeth was assessed by transgingival sounds and categorized using two distinct methods. Specifically, it assessed diagnostic reasons for how well a standard periodontal probe (SPP) could differentiate between thin and thick gingiva, and a CPP could distinguish between medium, thick, and extremely thick gingiva. GT was assessed using transgingival evaluation at a distance of 2 mm from the gingival edge. Based on corresponding GT, thin and thick phenotypes were identified as being ≤1 mm and >1 mm, respectively. Using the transparency approach, the gingival phenotype was ascertained using SPP and a color-coded probe (CCP). Furthermore, keratinized tissue width (KTW) was assessed. Thin and thick gingival phenotypes were identified using experimental periodontal probes, and their diagnostic accuracy was compared.

Results
Nine hundred gingival sites were analyzed, transgingival technique classified 40% (n = 360) thin phenotypes (GT: 0.78 ± 0.12 mm, 3.52 ± 1.11 mm) and 60% (n = 540) thick phenotypes (GT: 1.22 ± 0.28 mm, 4.61 ± 1.1 mm). Similar diagnostic accuracy values of 0.69 and 0.70 were recorded for the SPP and CCP, respectively.

Conclusion
Identification of gingival phenotype maxillary anterior tooth achieved with comparable efficacy both color-coded plastic probe and SP.
Pre-operative Assessment of Oral Staphylococcus and Candida Species in a Group of Sri Lankans with Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Jayatilake JAMS , Wedage HK , Senanayake MRDM , Weerasekara SHK , Wijekoon WMPSK 
Published: September 2024

Objectives
Cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients are prone to opportunistic infections by Staphylococcus and Candida. This study aimed to assess oral Staphylococcus and Candida in a group of Sri Lankans with CLP.

Material and Methods
Oral swabs were collected from 52 CLP patients preoperatively upon their informed assent. Staphylococcus and Candida were isolated microbiologically. Methicillin resistance (MR) of staphylococci was assessed using cefoxitin disk diffusion. Candida species were identified using germ tube test and chrome agar.

Results
The study included 52 (male=27, female=25) CLP patients (mean age = 9.4 ±3.6 months). Oral prevalence of Staphylococcus and Candida were 65.4% (34/52) and 23.1% (12/52), respectively. Whereas 11.5% (6/52) of patients carried both Staphylococcus and Candida, 11.5% (6/52) had neither organism. Staphylococci included 41.2% (14/34) S. aureus and 58.8% (20/34) coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). MR was detected in 57.1% (8/14) of S. aureus and 55% (11/20) of CoNS. Candida included 58.3% (7/12) C. albicans and 41.7% (5/12) non-C. albicans Candida.

Conclusion
Considering the high prevalence of Staphylococcus with MR along with pathogenic Candida species, proper infection control practice, and meticulous postoperative care would be mandatory to avoid post-operative complications in CLP patients in this study setting.
A Cross-Sectional Survey to Assess Knowledge Among School Teachers in Shimla City About Emergency Management of Dental Trauma in School Children: A Crucial Aspect for Preventive Care
Authors: Naryal Nitika , Bhardwaj Vinay , Fotedar Shailee , Thakur Arun Singh , Vashisth Shelja 
Published: September 2024

Objectives
To assess the knowledge among school teachers in Shimla city about emergency management of dental trauma in school children.

Material and Methods
A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 school teachers from both private and government schools. All the collected data was entered in the Microsoft Excel 2007 version and processed using the SPSS version 26 for the statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the obtained data. The p-values of ≤0.05 and ≤0.001 were considered statistically significant and highly significant, respectively.

Results
The KSDT (Knowledge Score of Dental Trauma) of school teachers regarding emergency treatment procedures for dental injuries was 3.06 ± 1.25 (38.37%) points.

Conclusion
School teachers in Shimla City have a low level of knowledge and appear to have not received formal basic training in oral health-related topics, such as basic first aid principles and prompt care in the event of a dental trauma, which will make it difficult to promote oral health effectively.