bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Universal safe procedure of laparoscopic cholecystectomy standardized by exposing the inner layer of the subserosal layer (with video)
Authors: Honda Goro , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Umezawa Akiko 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAn incorrect approach to the critical view of safety can cause bile duct and/or vascular injury. However, only superficial anatomical features have been proposed as surgical landmarks to initiate laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) safely in previous reports. Accordingly, we have proposed a novel surgical anatomical definition of the gallbladder wall, in which the subserosal (SS) layer is divided into the inner layer of the SS (SS‐Inner) layer consisting of vasculature and fibrous tissue, and the outer layer of the SS (SS‐Outer) layer consisting of abundant fat tissue. By dissecting the gallbladder along the SS‐Inner layer after exposure at a safe region, bile duct and/or vascular injury can be avoided, even in cholecystitis cases. Furthermore, recognition of this surgical anatomy reveals several aspects. In cholecystitis cases associated with severe fibrotic change, completion of LC by dissecting along the SS‐Inner layer is impossible, resulting in abandonment of regular LC. An abscess in the liver bed associated with acute cholecystitis usually forms in the SS‐Outer layer, thus, the gallbladder can be dissected easily. In the dome‐down technique, the right hepatic duct is endangered by whole‐layer dissection, in which the SS‐Outer layer is also removed. The proposed procedure should become the universal standard for LC.
Teaching Creative Process across Disciplines
Authors: Daly Shanna R. , Mosyjowski Erika A. , Seifert Colleen M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWhile there is great interest in higher education about teaching creative process, there have been relatively few studies of how courses can facilitate the development of creative skills. The goal of this study was to document how college instructors structure courses intended to develop students’ creative processes. The study data included interviews from instructors and students using a critical case sample of fifteen courses at a single U.S. University. A qualitative analysis of the transcripts yielded a set of 14 pedagogical elements appearing across courses. Common elements were open‐ended projects and skill‐building activities, and less frequently, risk taking experiences and self‐reflection. The sample included undergraduate courses in engineering, education, the liberal arts, and the arts, and the elements observed were often shared across courses from different disciplines. These findings provide a diverse set of pedagogical approaches and opportunities for building creative process skills within undergraduate courses.
Meniett device in meniere disease: Randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multicenter trial
Authors: Russo Francesca Yoshie , Nguyen Yann , De Seta Daniele , Bouccara Didier , Sterkers Olivier , Ferrary Evelyne , Bernardeschi Daniele 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of portable Meniett low‐pressure pulse generator (Medtronic Xomed, Jacksonville, FL) in Meniere disease.Study DesignRandomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicenter trial carried out in 17 academic medical centers.MethodsOne hundred twenty‐nine adults presenting Meniere disease (American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery criteria) not controlled by conventional medical treatment were included. The protocol included three phases: 1) placement of a transtympanic tube and evaluation of its effect (if resolution of symptoms, the patient was excluded); 2) randomization: 6‐weeks treatment with Meniett (Medtronic Xomed) or placebo device; 3) removal of the device and 6‐week follow‐up period. The evaluation criteria were the number of vertigo episodes (at least 20 minutes with a 12‐hour free interval) and the impact on daily life as assessed by self‐questionnaires.ResultsNinety‐seven patients passed to the second phase of the study: 49 and 48 patients received the Meniett (Medtronic Xomed) or the placebo device, respectively. In the placebo group, the number of vertigo episodes decreased from 4.3 ± 0.6 (mean ± standard error of the mean) during the first phase to 2.6 ± 0.5 after 6 weeks of treatment, and to 1.8 ± 0.8 after the removal of the device. Similar results were observed in the Meniett device (Medtronic Xomed) group: 3.2 ± 0.4 episodes during the first phase, 2.5 ± after 6 weeks of Meniett device (Medtronic Xomed) treatment, and 1.5 ± 0.2 after the third phase.ConclusionAn improvement of symptoms was evidenced in all patients, with no difference between the Meniett (Medtronic Xomed) and the placebo device groups. The decrease in the number of vertigo episodes could be explained by an effect of the medical care.Level of Evidence1b. Laryngoscope, 2016 127:470–475, 2017
Polysomnographic outcomes following lingual tonsillectomy for persistent obstructive sleep apnea in down syndrome
Authors: Prosser J. Drew , Shott Sally R. , Rodriguez Oscar , Simakajornboon Narong , Meinzen‐Derr Jareen , Ishman Stacey L. 
Published: August 2016

Objectives/HypothesisLingual tonsil hypertrophy is a common cause of persistent airway obstruction in patients with Down syndrome (DS) following adenotonsillectomy (T&A); however, little is known about the effect of lingual tonsillectomy (LT) on polysomnographic outcomes in these patients. Our objective was to describe changes in sleep‐related respiratory outcomes following LT in children with DS and persistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) following T&A.Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsWe included all children with DS who underwent polysomnography before and after LT at a tertiary care center from 2003 to 2013. Nonparametric analysis of variables was performed.ResultsForty patients with DS underwent LT; 21 met inclusion criteria. The mean age at surgery was 9.3 ± 4.3 years and 47.6% were female. The median apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) was 9.1 events/hour (range, 3.8 to 43.8 events/hour) before surgery and 3.7 events/hour (range, 0.5 to 24.4 events/hour) after surgery. The median improvement in overall AHI and the obstructive AHI (oAHI) were 5.1 events/hour (range, −2.9 to 41) and 5.3 events/hour (range, −2.9 to 41), respectively (P <.0001). The mean oxygen saturation nadir improved from 84% to 89% (P =.004). The mean time with CO2 > 50 mm Hg, central index, and percentage of rapid eye movement sleep were not significantly different. After surgery, the oAHI was <5 events/hour in 61.9% and ≤1 in 19% of patients.ConclusionsIn children with DS, persistent OSA after T&A and lingual tonsil hypertrophy, LT significantly improved AHI, oAHI, and O2 saturation nadir. We recommend that children with DS should be evaluated for lingual tonsil hypertrophy if found to have persistent OSA following T&A.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2016 127:520–524, 2017
Emitter saturation current densities of 22 fA/cm2 applied to industrial PERC solar cells approaching 22% conversion efficiency
Authors: Dullweber Thorsten , Hannebauer Helge , Dorn Silke , Schimanke Sabrina , Merkle Agnes , Hampe Carsten , Brendel Rolf 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPassivated Emitter and Rear Cells (PERC) are currently being introduced into mass production. The conversion efficiency of industrial p‐type PERC cells is limited by the emitter saturation current density of around 90 fA/cm2 of conventional homogeneously POCl3 diffused emitters. In this paper we investigate two alternative emitter formation technologies. The first approach named in‐situ oxidation inserts a short thermal oxidation in‐between the phosphorus silicate glass deposition and the drive‐in of a conventional homogeneous POCl3 diffusion thereby reducing the phosphorus surface concentration. The second approach named Gas Phase Etch Back (GEB) selectively removes around 40 nm of the highly doped surface of the POCl3 diffused emitter by the reactive gas phase of the wet chemical rear polishing bath. Whereas the conventional POCl3 emitter exhibits a phosphorus surface doping concentration of 3 × 1020 cm−3, the in‐situ oxidation and the GEB process reduce the doping concentration to 7 × 1019 cm−3 and 4 × 1019 cm−3, respectively. Accordingly, the emitter saturation current density is reduced to excellent values of 22 fA/cm2 (in‐situ oxidation) and 28 fA/cm2 (GEB) compared with 89 fA/cm2 for the reference POCl3 diffusion. Whereas the reference POCl3 emitter limits the PERC conversion efficiency η to 21.1% and the open circuit voltage Voc to 655 mV, the in‐situ oxidation improves the PERC current–voltage parameters up to 21.3% and 663 mV. The highest efficiency of 21.6% is obtained with the selective GEB emitter. When solving series resistance issues with the most advanced GEB emitter, the measured Voc and Jsc values would support PERC conversion efficiencies up to 21.9%. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Side effects of extra tRNA supplied in a typical bacterial protein production scenario
Authors: Søgaard Karina Marie , Nørholm Morten H. H. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRecombinant protein production is at the core of biotechnology and numerous molecular tools and bacterial strains have been developed to make the process more efficient. One commonly used generic solution is to supply extra copies of low‐abundance tRNAs to compensate for the presence of complementary rare codons in genes‐of‐interest. Here we show that such extra tRNA, supplied by the commonly used pLysSRARE2 plasmid, can cause two side effects: (1) growth and gene expression can be impaired, and (2) apparent positive effects can be caused by differential expression of the lysozyme gene encoded on the same plasmid and not the tRNAs per se. These phenomena seem to have been largely overlooked despite the huge popularity of the T7/pET‐based systems for bacterial protein production.
Measuring value creation and appropriation in firms: The VCA model
Authors: Lieberman Marvin B. , Garcia‐Castro Roberto , Balasubramanian Natarajan 
Published: August 2016

Research summary: Using a productivity technique (VCA model), we estimate the economic value created by a firm and appropriated by its stakeholders in two specific empirical contexts. In the first application, we use publicly available data from the U.S. airline industry to illustrate how the VCA model can be used with multiple stakeholder groups. In the second application, we provide estimates for three global automobile companies (GM, Toyota and Nissan), showing how the model can be reformulated using value added. In both industries we find substantial heterogeneity among firms in the creation and distribution of value. We discuss strengths and limitations of the VCA model and implications for strategic management research.Managerial summary: Firms create value not only for shareholders, but also for other stakeholders, including employees, customers and suppliers. This article applies a method to quantify the “new” economic value created by a firm over an interval of time; the method also reveals the distribution of that value among the stakeholders. The proposed method gives managers some means to assess changes in the economic value created and distributed. We find that the creation and distribution of value has varied greatly among major U.S. airlines and global automakers in recent decades. Moreover, returns to shareholders typically accounted for only a small proportion of firms' total value creation and often had little relation to broader changes in the magnitude and distribution of value. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inside Cover Image, Volume 8, Issue 5
Authors: Lu Yang , Huang Jiangnan , Yu Guoqiang , Cardenas Romel , Wei Suying , Wujcik Evan K. , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: August 2016

image
The inside cover image, by Evan K. Wujcik et al., is based on the Overview Coaxial electrospun fibers: applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering, DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1391.
An Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Based on Keggin‐Type Polyoxometalate and Hypoxanthine: Synthesis, Structure, Stability, and Electrochemistry Properties
Authors: Ma Feng‐Ji , Yuan Bai‐Qing , Li Meng‐Rou , Li Shu‐Jun , Zhang Shuang‐Shuang , Liu Lei‐Lei 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe organic‐inorganic hybrid H5[Ag2(hyp)2]2[BW12O40]·9H2O (1) (hpy = hypoxanthine), based on Keggin‐type polyoxometalate and hypoxanthine, was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetry. The title compound has a two‐dimensional layer structure constructed by Keggin‐type [BW12O40]5– anion, silver, and the biomolecule hyp. In addition, compound 1 exhibited excellent stability and superior activity in the electro‐catalytic oxidation of glucose.
Cyclic Hydroboration – The Structure of Perhydro‐9b‐boraphenalenes
Authors: Wrackmeyer Bernd , Schödel Christine , Kempe Rhett , Glatz Germund , Noor Awal 
Published: August 2016

AbstractComplete hydroboration of cyclododecatrienes was reported to give two isomers, depending on conditions. The assignment of their structure had been attempted without unequivocal proofs. We have now used NMR spectroscopy (11B, 13C, 15N and 23Na NMR) to study the sodium amides of these two polycyclic boranes. In addition, one of the isomeric borates could be crystallized, and the X‐ray analysis revealed a cis‐,cis‐,trans configuration of the six‐membered rings reversing the original structural assignment.
Study of the Bonding Modes of Di‐2‐pyridyl ketoxime Ligand towards Ruthenium, Rhodium and Iridium Half Sandwich Complexes
Authors: Adhikari Sanjay , Kaminsky Werner , Rao Kollipara Mohan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe bonding modes of the ligand di‐2‐pyridyl ketoxime towards half‐sandwich arene ruthenium, Cp*Rh and Cp*Ir complexes were investigated. Di‐2‐pyridyl ketoxime {pyC(py)NOH} react with metal precursor [Cp*IrCl2]2 to give cationic oxime complexes of the general formula [Cp*Ir{pyC(py)NOH}Cl]PF6 (1a) and [Cp*Ir{pyC(py)NOH}Cl]PF6 (1b), for which two coordination isomers were observed by NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of the complexes revealed that in the major isomer the oxime nitrogen and one of the pyridine nitrogen atoms are coordinated to the central iridium atom forming a five membered metallocycle, whereas in the minor isomer both the pyridine nitrogen atoms are coordinated to the iridium atom forming a six membered metallacyclic ring. Di‐2‐pyridyl ketoxime react with [(arene)MCl2]2 to form complexes bearing formula [(p‐cymene)Ru{pyC(py)NOH}Cl]PF6 (2); [(benzene)Ru{pyC(py)NOH}Cl]PF6 (3), and [Cp*Rh{pyC(py)NOH}Cl]PF6 (4). In case of complex 3 the ligand coordinates to the metal by using oxime nitrogen and one of the pyridine nitrogen atoms, whereas in complex 4 both the pyridine nitrogen atoms are coordinated to the metal ion. The complexes were fully characterized by spectroscopic techniques.
Insights into the fluoride-resistant regulation mechanism of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 based on whole genome microarrays
Authors: Ma Liyuan , Li Qian , Shen Li , Feng Xue , Xiao Yunhua , Tao Jiemeng , Liang Yili , Yin Huaqun , Liu Xueduan 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Acidophilic microorganisms involved in uranium bioleaching are usually suppressed by dissolved fluoride ions, eventually leading to reduced leaching efficiency. However, little is known about the regulation mechanisms of microbial resistance to fluoride. In this study, the resistance of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 to fluoride was investigated by detecting bacterial growth fluctuations and ferrous or sulfur oxidation. To explore the regulation mechanism, a whole genome microarray was used to profile the genome-wide expression. The fluoride tolerance of A. ferrooxidans cultured in the presence of FeSO4 was better than that cultured with the S0 substrate. The differentially expressed gene categories closely related to fluoride tolerance included those involved in energy metabolism, cellular processes, protein synthesis, transport, the cell envelope, and binding proteins. This study highlights that the cellular ferrous oxidation ability was enhanced at the lower fluoride concentrations. An overview of the cellular regulation mechanisms of extremophiles to fluoride resistance is discussed.
Climate change and social vicissitudes in China over the past two millennia
Authors: Yin Jun , Su Yun , Fang Xiuqi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe relation between climate change and historical rhythms has long been discussed. However, this type of study still faces the lack of high-resolution data concerning long-term socio-economic processes. In this study, we collected 1586 items of direct and proffered evidence from 29 Chinese history books. We used semantic analysis to reconstruct a quantitative series of the social vicissitudes of the past 2000 yr with a 10-yr resolution to express the phase transition of the social vicissitudes of the dynasties in China. Our reconstruction demonstrates that social vicissitudes have clear cyclical features on multiple time scales. Analysis of the association of social rise and fall with climate change indicates that temperature displayed more significant effects on social vicissitudes in the long term, while precipitation displayed more significant effects on the social vicissitudes in the short term. There are great overlaps between social and climatic variables around the predominant or periodic bands. Social rise mostly occurred in the centennial-scale warm periods, whereas social decline mostly occurred in the centennial-scale cold periods. Under warm-wet conditions, social rise occurred over 57% of the time; under cold-dry conditions, the social decline occurred over 66% of the time.
Pathway to ‘Knowing Places’ — and Ecojustice — Three Teacher Educators’ Experiences
Authors: Paige Kathryn , Lloyd David , Smith Richard 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe case study reported here seeks to promote the sharing of successful practice in Education for Sustainability (EfS). It uses literature and three personal and professional autobiographies as background to the development of a set of sustainability educational practices integrated into a primary/middle school teacher education program. The set of activities focus on developing in students an understanding of EfS and of processes appropriate to it that they can use in their classrooms on graduation. It is the authors’ view that their collaborative building on shared beliefs, contemporary ecojustice literature and three decades of developing enabling pedagogical practices has assisted their efforts to ‘get’ EfS, and to ensure that their students, particularly as beginning teachers, ‘got it’. The ecojustice principles for teacher education programs are outlined in this article and are believed to have wide applicability in many aspects of ecojustice approaches to pro-ecosocial education.
EXISTENCE AND UNIQUENESS OF CHAIN LADDER SOLUTIONS
Authors: Taylor Greg 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe cross-classified chain ladder has a number of versions, depending on the distribution to which observations are subject. The simplest case is that of Poisson distributed observations, and then maximum likelihood estimates of parameters are explicit. Most other cases, however, including Bayesian chain ladder models, lead to implicit MAP (Bayesian) or MLE (non-Bayesian) solutions for these parameter estimates, raising questions as to their existence and uniqueness. The present paper investigates these questions in the case where observations are distributed according to some member of the exponential dispersion family.
‘The Elephant in the Room’: Corporate Tax Avoidance & Business and Human Rights
Authors: DARCY Shane 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis article addresses tax avoidance by companies in the context of the emerging field of business and human rights. It describes the mechanics of corporate tax avoidance and the human costs of such practices. It then considers the extent to which tax issues have been addressed by corporate social responsibility, before turning to business and human rights and assessing the potential value of the United Nations Guiding Principles on business and human rights in this context. The article draws on the experience of Ireland, given the country’s connection to abusive tax practices associated with large multinational corporations and its support for the United Nations Guiding Principles on business and human rights.
Optic nerve sheath diameter on computed tomography not predictive of neurological status post-cardiac arrest
Authors: Rush Barret , Wormsbecker Andrew , Berger Landon , Wiskar Katie , Sekhon Mypinder S. , Griesdale Donald E. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveOptic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measured on a head computed tomography (CT) has been suggested as a potential prognostic factor for poor neurological outcome after cardiac arrest. We performed a single centre retrospective cohort analysis to further investigate this relationship.MethodsAll patients >18 years of age admitted to St. Paul’s Hospital in Vancouver, Canada who survived a cardiac arrest and had a CT scan of the head within 48 hours were included in the analysis.ResultsA total of 72 patients met inclusion criteria for the study; 54 (75.0%) of the patients had a poor neurological outcome, whereas 18 (25.0%) patients were discharged from the hospital with a good outcome. A CT head was obtained for patients in the good outcome group in a mean time of 9.3 hours (SD 10.0) compared to 10.2 hours (SD 11.2) for the poor outcome group (p=0.75). There was no difference in average ONSD observed between the two outcome groups (6.66 mm SD 0.78 v. 6.60 mm SD 0.82, p=0.77). Multiple logistic regression failed to show any association between ONSD and neurological outcome when adjusted for all other covariates (OR 1.32 95% CI 0.40-4.34, p=0.65). Setting an ONSD threshold of >8 mm (OR 2.32, 95% CI 0.14-39.40, p=0.55) or >7 mm (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.03-2.77, p=0.28) also failed to show any association on neurological outcome.ConclusionThere was no observed difference in ONSD between those with a good neurological outcome and those with a poor outcome. ONSD was not an independent predictor of poor neurological outcome.
Psychometric Properties of Disaster Event Reaction Items From the Crisis Counseling Individual/Family Encounter Log
Authors: Uekawa Kazuaki , Higgins William Bryan , Golenbock Samuel , Mack Amy R. , Bellamy Nikki D. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this article was to examine the psychometric properties of the Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program (CCP) data collection instrument, the Individual/Family Encounter Log (IFEL). Data collected from disaster survivors included how they reacted to events in emotional, behavioral, physical, and cognitive domains. These domains are based on conceptual categorization of event reactions and allow CCP staff to provide survivors with referrals to appropriate behavioral health support resources, if warranted.MethodsThis study explored the factor structure of these survey items to determine how best to use the available information as a screen of disaster-related behavioral health indicators. Specifically, our first research question explored and confirmed the optimal factor structure of the event reaction items, and our second question examined whether the new factor structure was similar across disaster types: hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, and wildfires. Using a factor analytic technique, we tested whether our event reaction outcomes achieved consistent and reliable measurement across different disaster situations. Finally, we assessed how the new subscales were correlated with the type of risk to which CCP disaster survivors were exposed.ResultsOur analyses revealed 3 factors: (1) depressive-like, (2) anxiety-like, and (3) somatic. In addition, we found that these factors were coherent for hurricanes, floods, and wildfires, although the basic factor structure was not equivalent for tornadoes.ConclusionImplications for use of the IFEL in disaster preparedness, response, and recovery are discussed. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:822–831)