bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photography in Dermatologic Surgery: Selection of an Appropriate Lighting Solution for a Particular Clinical Application
Authors: Chen Brian R. , Poon Emily , Alam Murad 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUND
Lighting is an important component of consistent, high-quality dermatologic photography. There are different types of lighting solutions available.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate currently available lighting equipment and methods suitable for procedural dermatology.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Overhead lighting, built-in camera flashes, external flash units, studio strobes, and light-emitting diode (LED) light panels were evaluated with regard to their utility for dermatologic surgeons. A set of ideal lighting characteristics was used to examine the capabilities and limitations of each type of lighting solution. Recommendations regarding lighting solutions and optimal usage configurations were made in terms of the context of the clinical environment and the purpose of the image.

RESULTS
Overhead lighting may be a convenient option for general documentation. An on-camera lighting solution using a built-in camera flash or a camera-mounted external flash unit provides portability and consistent lighting with minimal training. An off-camera lighting solution with studio strobes, external flash units, or LED light panels provides versatility and even lighting with minimal shadows and glare.

CONCLUSION
The selection of an optimal lighting solution is contingent on practical considerations and the purpose of the image.
Chronic Q Fever Infections in Israeli Children
Authors: Sachs Nimrod , Atiya-Nasagi Yafit , Beth-Din Adi , Levy Itzhak , Ben-Shimol Shalom , Tasher Diana , Grisaru-Soen Galia , Dabaja Haleema , Kassis Imad , Spilman Shiri , Bilavsky Efraim 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Q fever is a zoonosis caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) with a worldwide distribution. Our aim was to assess the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and treatment regimens of chronic Q fever infections in Israeli children during the past 25 years.

Methods:
Cases were collected from the national Q fever reference laboratory database. Demographic, epidemiologic and clinical data were reviewed using a structured questionnaire sent to the referring physician. Cases were defined according to the new Dutch Consensus Guidelines.

Results:
A total of 16 children originating from all regions of the country were found positive for chronic Q fever infections. The most common infection site was bone or joint (8/16, 50%), all in previously healthy children. Endovascular infections were found in 5 children (31%), all with an antecedent cardiac graft insertion. According to the new Consensus Guidelines, 9 children (56%) had a proven infection, 3 (19%) a probable infection and 4 (25%) a possible chronic Q fever infection. Almost all cases were treated with a long-term antibiotic regimen, often necessitating a change in medication because of persistent or rising titers.

Conclusions:
Although pediatric chronic Q fever infections are rare, incidence has been rising. The most common infection site was bone or joint. A high index of suspicion is necessary, even in cases of previously healthy children without a possible exposure history. Use of the relatively new diagnostic tools in combination with serologic methods is helpful in diagnosing proven cases. There is no consensus as to the selection or duration of antibiotic treatment.
Inpatient Treatment of Patients Admitted for Dizziness: A Population-Based Healthcare Research Study on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome
Authors: Renner Vera , Geißler Katharina , Boeger Daniel , Buentzel Jens , Esser Dirk , Hoffmann Kerstin , Jecker Peter , Mueller Andreas , Radtke Gerald , Axer Hubertus , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando 
Published: September 2017

Objective:
To determine inpatient treatment rates of patients with dizziness with focus on diagnostics, treatment and outcome.

Study Design:
Retrospective population-based study.

Setting:
Inpatients in the federal state Thuringia in 2014.

Patients:
All 1,262 inpatients (62% females, median age: 61 yr) treated for inpatient dizziness were included.

Main Outcome Measures:
The association between analyzed parameters and probability of improvement and recovery was tested using univariable and multivariable statistics.

Results:
Final diagnosis at demission was peripheral vestibular disorder (PVD), central vestibular disorder (CVD), cardiovascular syndrome, somatoform syndrome, and unclassified disease in 75, 9, 3, 0.6, and 13%, respectively. The most frequent diseases were acute vestibular neuritis (28%) and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (22%). The follow-up time was 38 ± 98 days. 88.5% of patients showed at least an improvement of complaints and 31.4% a complete recovery. The probability for no improvement from inpatient dizziness was higher if the patient had a history of ear/vestibular disease (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.506; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.301–1.742), and was taking more than two drugs for comorbidity (HR = 1.163; CI = 1.032–1.310). Compared with final diagnosis of cardiovascular syndrome, patients with PVD (HR = 1.715; CI = 1.219–2.415) and CVD (HR = 1.587; CI = 1.076–2.341) had a worse outcome.

Conclusions:
Inpatient treatment of dizziness was highly variable in daily practice. The population-based recovery rate was worse than reported in clinical trials. We need better ways to implement clinical trial findings for inpatients with dizziness.
Integration of Contact Tracing and Phylogenetics in an Investigation of Acute HIV Infection
Authors: Dennis Ann M. , Pasquale Dana K. , Billock Rachael , Beagle Steve , Mobley Victoria , Cope Anna , Kuruc JoAnn , Sebastian Joseph , Walworth Charles , Leone Peter A. 
Published: September 2017

Background
The integration of traditional contact tracing with HIV sequence analyses offers opportunities to mitigate some of the barriers to effective network construction. We used combined analyses during an outbreak investigation of spatiotemporally clustered acute HIV infections to evaluate if the observed clustering was the product of a single outbreak.

Methods
We investigated acute and recent HIV index cases reported in North Carolina from 2013 to 2014 and their reported contacts. Contact tracing networks were constructed with surveillance data and compared with phylogenetic transmission clusters involving an index case using available HIV-1 pol sequences including 1672 references. Clusters were defined as clades of 2 or more sequences with a less than 1.5% genetic distance and a bootstrap of at least 98% on maximum-likelihood phylogenies.

Results
In total, 68 index cases and 210 contacts (71 HIV infected) were reported. The contact tracing network involved 58 components with low overall density (1.2% statewide); 33% of first-degree contacts could not be located. Among 38 (56%) of 68 index cases and 34 (48%) of 71 contacts with sequences, 13 phylogenetic clusters were identified (size 2–4 members). Four clusters connected network components that were not linked in contact tracing. The largest component (n = 28 cases) included 2 distinct phylogenetic clusters and spanned 2 regions.

Conclusions
We identified the concurrent expansion of multiple small transmission clusters rather than a single outbreak in a largely disconnected contact tracing network. Integration of phylogenetic analyses provided timely information on transmission networks during the investigation. Our findings highlight the potential of combined methods to better identify high-risk networks for intervention.
Prognostic Value of Type D Personality for In-stent Restenosis in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Treated With Drug-Eluting Stent
Authors: Wang Yini , Liu Guojie , Gao Xueqin , Zhao Zhenjuan , Li Ling , Chen Wei , Tao Hui , Yu Bo , Lin Ping 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate the predictive value of Type D personality on in-stent restenosis (ISR) rates at 1 and 2 years post–percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods
Consecutive patients with coronary artery disease who underwent PCI for drug-eluting stents (n = 173) completed the Type D Scale-14 (DS14) at baseline. Follow-up coronary angiographic evaluation was routinely planned at 1 and 2 years after the procedure.

Results
Follow-up coronary angiography was performed in 159 and 112 patients at 1 and 2 years post-PCI, respectively. On multivariate analysis, Type D personality was found to be an independent predictor of ISR at 1 year (odds ratio [OR] = 2.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16–6.14, p = .021) and 2 years (OR = 4.92, 95% CI = 1.82–9.60, p = .017) after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. However, Type D did not predict ISR when the analysis was performed using the interaction between negative affectivity and social inhibition. The main effect of negative affectivity emerged as a significant risk factor for 1-years (OR = 4.22, 95% CI = 1.18–7.86, p = .034) and 2-year ISR (OR = 6.93, 95% CI = 2.25–11.50, p = .016).

Conclusions
In this study, Type D personality was an independent predictor of ISR at 1 and 2 years post-PCI; the association strengthened with time. The negative affectivity component seems to drive the relationship between Type D and ISR over time. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms involved in the association between Type D and adverse clinical outcomes of PCI.
A Novel Three-Step Method for Correction of Type 1 Stahl Ear
Authors: Borrelli Mimi R. , Davidson Edward H. , Kumar Anand R. 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Stahl ear, a rare congenital auricular anomaly, occurs when a third crus crosses the scaphoid fossa. Optimal elimination of the third crus and reconstruction the superior crus in type 1 Stahl ear remain undercharacterized. We present a novel 3-step technique to reliably correct a type 1 Stahl ear as a case report.

Methods:
A 10-year-old male with bilateral prominent type 1 Stahl ears is presented. An anterior curvilinear helical fold incision and posterior V wedge excision was used for exposure. Step 1, the third crus cartilage was excised as a full-thickness wedge and the gap approximated with posteriorly everting horizontal mattress sutures to create a flattened scaphoid fossa. Step 2, the superior crus was created using anteriorly placed horizontal mattress sutures for direct shaping. Step 3, the skin was redraped without excess trimming to minimize the visible scar.

Results:
The 3-step approach effectively eliminated the third crura and recreated the superior crura of the type 1 Stahl ears, and resulted in minimal visible anterior scarring.

Discussion:
The anterior approach provided excellent visualization and permitted tactical suture placement. The wedge excisions successfully removed the third crura. The horizontal mattress sutures to flatten the scaphoid fossa, enhance the natural antihelical curves, and form the superior crura were simple and effective.
Postoperative Changes in Isolated Medial Orbital Wall Fractures Based on Computed Tomography
Authors: Jung Soyeon , Lee Jang Won , Kim Chung Hun , Hwang Euna , Lim Hyoseob , Jung Sung Won , Koh Sung Hoon 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The treatment has been improved on the accurate reduction of blow-out fracture for many decades. But still, it has been limited to reduce completely when surgeons are approaching by conventional technique. The authors analyzed the postoperative results using computed tomography (CT) scans after conventional open reduction of isolated medial wall fracture. Thirty-seven patients with isolated medial wall fracture were reviewed. All patients underwent preoperative, immediate, and postoperative CT scans. Two surgeons have performed the surgery by conventional open reduction with transcaruncular approach and absorbable mesh insertion. The authors evaluated changing orbital volume and distance, comparing the immediate and 6 months postoperative outcomes with preoperative outcome. The differences between immediate postoperative and 6 months postoperatively data were statistically evaluated. The authors used the distant value to minimize bias of CT view selection. Significant differences from the 2 kinds of data were observed (P < 0.05 for volume, P < 0.01 for distance, Paired t test). Bone remodeling process after conventional open reduction of orbital wall has not been fully understood. Most popular technique is conventional open reduction and mesh insertion but it is not easy for surgeons to reduce fractured bones completely. The authors analyzed the bone remodeling after incomplete reduction. These results suggest that the decreased measurements might be caused from the scar contracture with fibrosis. This research is very limited to explain the change while bone remodeling is progressed. Further research should be continued to discover the understanding of the process.
Frontal Hyperostosis in the Patients of Craniosynostosis After Cranial Distraction Osteogenesis
Authors: Kawamoto Koji , Wu Cheng Chun , Imai Keisuke 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Conventional fronto-orbital advancement and distraction osteogenesis (DOG) have been used to treat craniosynostosis, both of which are considered effective. During the authors’ practice, a phenomenon of frontal hyperostosis has been observed in the patients of craniosynostosis after DOG, which has yet to be reported in the literature. The purpose of this study is trying to identify the factors related to the phenomenon.

Materials and methods:
From 1997 to 2010, all patients of craniosynostosis undergoing DOG were reviewed. The patient's age at operation, consolidation period, numbers of distractor, distance of distraction, and duration from removal of the distractors to identification of the phenomenon on computed tomography were recorded. The phenomenon was considered positive when the hyperostosis appeared on the frontal bone, where it was neither the osteotomy site nor the previous position of distractor.

Results:
A total of 61 patients were included in this study, including 26 syndromic and 35 nonsyndromic patients. Two syndromic and 6 nonsyndromic patients had the phenomenon. There was no statistical difference between the patients with and without the phenomenon in comparison with the age, number of the distractor, consolidation period, and the distance of distraction.

Conclusion:
Frontal hyperostosis happened in some patients of craniosynostosis after DOG. Although no significant difference was demonstrated, the incidence of hyperostosis was higher in nonsyndromic patients and the patients of hyperostosis had shorter distance of distraction in both syndromic and nonsyndromic groups. Although the definite cause was unknown, we should pay attention to the phenomenon after distraction.
Surgical Success of Tympanoplasty Using Composite Tragal Cartilage in Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Çiçek Mehmet Melih , Avci Hakan , Şahin Bayram , Acar Şenol , Polat Beldan , Çelik Mehmet , Orhan Kadir Serkan 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the preoperative, postoperative airway hearing threshold levels, and perforation closure rates in patients who underwent primary tragal cartilage tympanoplasty. One hundred seventy-one patients who had chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma underwent primary tragal cartilage tympanoplasty with endaural approach by using underlay technique. Preoperative and postoperative airway hearing threshold levels at 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz frequencies in 8 to 99 months’ follow-up were found and compared with each other. Postoperative perforation closure rates were also investigated. At 500 Hz in 112 patients, at 1000 Hz in 106 patients, at 2000 Hz in 96 patients, and at 4000 Hz in 80 patients, more than 9.5 dB airway hearing gain was determined. The authors found their postoperative perforation closure rate as 84.8%. In conclusion, tragal cartilage tympanoplasty may be chosen as the primary operation technique in primary chronic otitis media patients and by this technique perforation closure rates are also acceptable in addition to satisfactory hearing gain.
Neonatal Mandibular Distraction Without a Consolidation Period: Is It Safe? Is it Effective?
Authors: Biskup Nataliya , Altman Ashley L. , Runyan Christopher M. , Gendron Craig , Babiker Haithem Elhadi , Gordon Christopher B. , Pan Brian S. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose:
Consolidation is a standard part of most post-distraction protocols. This study aims to determine whether the deliberate omission of a consolidation period following mandibular distraction (MD) in neonates with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) affected the airway outcomes and complication rates.

Patients and Methods:
A retrospective chart review of 28 neonates with PRS who underwent MD for severe airway obstruction between 2009 and 2014 was performed. Neonates were split into 2 cohorts: those with a very short or no consolidation (no consolidation group, n = 18) and those with a traditional consolidation period (consolidation group, n = 10).

Results:
Mean consolidation length was 25 days in the conventional consolidation group and 1.5 days in the no consolidation group (P < 0.01). Postoperatively, both groups showed equivalent improvements in their obstructive index as measured by polysomnography. Compared with the patients who underwent convention consolidation, patients in the “no consolidation” group did not require a greater number of repeat distraction, supplemental oxygen, or tracheostomy. Nor was there any significant difference in the number of complications between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:
In neonates with PRS treated with MD for severe airway obstruction, the omission of a consolidation period does not appear to significantly affect the complication rate or resolution of airway obstruction.
Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Increases Osteogenesis in an Experimental Design Zygomatic Bone Defect Model
Authors: Toplu Gaye , Ozcelik Derya , Serin Merdan , Erdem Havva , Topacoglu Arzu Turkseven 
Published: September 2017

Introduction:
Facial bone defects are frequently encountered problems in clinical practice. Bone grafts, flaps, and alloplastic materials are often used in their treatment. This leads to donor site morbidity and prolongation of the operation. The authors have planned this study to examine whether adipose tissue derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has an osteogenic effect in the critical sized membranous bone defect of the zygomatic bone.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty male Wistar Albino rats were used. Bilateral zygomatic arches were opened with lateral incisions. A standard 3-mm bone defect was created bilaterally on the zygomatic arches of the rats. In the experiment side, the stem cell-rich SVF that was obtained by applying centrifugal process to the adipose tissue derived from the inguinal fat pad was injected into the site of the right zygomatic arch bone defect. In the control side, left zygomatic arch was left for secondary bone healing without any treatment after a 3-mm critical bone defect was created. In the postoperative 10th (n:5) and 20th weeks (n:13), the healing areas of bone defects were assessed by a 3-dimensional tomography, and then, the rats were sacrificed and bone healing was examined histologically.

Results:
There were no statistically significant differences on the 10th week results. At the 20th week new bone formation amount calculated from the 3-dimensional computed tomography results was significantly higher in the experiment side (P = 0.033). In the histological examination at the 20th week, there was significantly more callus formation in the experiment side (P = 0.0112).

Discussion:
Stem cells can increase the rate of bone healing by differentiating into certain tissues. It is predicted that adipose tissue-derived SVF rich with mesenchymal stem cells can increase bone healing in facial bone defects and this application could replace the use of bone grafts and flaps in clinical practice. As a result, it is concluded that adipose tissue-derived stem cells can potentiate osteogenesis and reduce the possibility of developing necrosis on the bone ends.
Mandibular Osteomyelitis and Cervical Lymphadenitis Due to Mycobacterium abscessus: Surgical Management of a Pediatric Cohort With a Shared Epidemiologic Exposure
Authors: Thompson Peter W. , Williams Joseph K. 
Published: September 2017

Background:

Mycobacterium abscessus has been implicated as the cause of various infections in the setting of healthcare-related “outbreaks.” Mandibular osteomyelitis caused by M abscessus is exceedingly rare, with only 1 patient reported in the literature. The authors describe the surgical management of 12 pediatric patients with M abscessus-related mandibular osteomyelitis and cervical lymphadenitis caused by exposure to contaminated water at a regional dental clinic.

Methods:
Following institutional review board approval, new suspected patients were reviewed and followed prospectively. A multidisciplinary team coordinated the surgical approach, antibiotic regimen, and follow-up for each patient.

Results:
Twelve patients (median age 7.5 years) received treatment of M abscessus infection. Eleven had mandibular osteomyelitis and underwent debridement along with extraction of affected teeth. Eight had lymphadenitis and underwent excision of involved nodes. Four patients (in whom surgical debridement was considered inadequate) received antibiotic therapy with a regimen of amikacin, cefoxitin, and azithromycin for 4 months. Nine of 12 patients have been followed for a median of 5 months (range 1–11 months); no patient has evidence of persistent clinical infection. Three of 4 patients treated with amikacin have high-frequency hearing loss.

Conclusions:
The authors describe a pediatric cohort with mandibular osteomyelitis and cervical lymphadenitis due to M abscessus following pulpotomy at a single dental clinic. Diagnosis required a high index of suspicion. Patients in our series had resolution of infection even without antibiotic therapy, suggesting that early complete surgical debridement and removal of affected lymph nodes can be sufficient as a sole treatment modality.
The Morphological Grading and Comparison of Sutural Patency Among Cranial Sutures in Dry Human Skulls
Authors: Cirpan Sibel , Magden Abdurrahman Orhan , Mas Nuket Gocmen , Edizer Mete , Aksu Funda , Yonguc Goksin Nilufer 
Published: September 2017

Objective:
To investigate the degree of fusion (patency) among cranial sutures in human dry skulls in the Anatolia.

Methods:
One-hundred fifty-eight human dry skulls that were accepted as adults according to the teeth eruption were macroscopically examined and photographed with Canon 400B (55 mm objective). The grades of fusion of coronal, sagittal, and lambdoid were quantitatively analyzed by using the modified grading scale. According to the extent of patency, the sutures were graded as grade-0 (open), grade-1 (fused but not obliterated), grade-2 (50%< obliterated), grade-3 (50% > obliterated), and grade-4 (100% obliterated). The authors determined and compared the rate for each grade of sutural patency on coronal, sagittal, and lambdoid sutures.

Results:
The cranial sutures of 4 cranii (4/158; 2.53%) had grade-4 fusion, whereas there were no any cranii with sutures of grade-0 fusion. The number of each grade of fusion among cranial sutures of 158 skulls, in descending order, was as follows: 171 (grade-3), 145 (grade-1), 133 (grade-2), and 25 (grade-4). The grade-4 fusion was significantly less observed than the others. The grade-1 and grade-4 fusion of lambdoid sutures were established as the most (66/41.8%) and least (5/3.2%) common fusions among cranial sutures, respectively. The frequencies of each grade of fusion for each cranial suture were determined in a descending order: coronal (grade-3 > 2 > 1 > 4), sagittal (grade-3 > 2 > 1 > 4), and lambdoid sutures (grade-1 > 3 > 2 > 4). The frequency of grade-1 fusion of lambdoid suture (66/41.8%) was significantly different when compared with coronal (39/24.7%) and sagittal sutures (40/25.3%), respectively.

Conclusion:
The grades of fusion (or sutural patency) vary among cranial sutures.