bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of intraoperative blood salvage on monocyte subsets alteration and intracellular tumor necrosis factor‐α production
Authors: Bomberg Hagen , Volk Thomas , Biedler Andreas , Schneider Sven O. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntraoperative salvaged blood is used to reduce allogeneic blood transfusion in orthopedic surgery patients. However, salvaged blood reinfusion may lead to immune reactions. Salvaged and venous blood from 20 patients undergoing hip arthroplasty was processed. The salvaged samples were mixed with patients’ venous blood and incubated in absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide. Samples: Venous: venous patient blood (n = 20). Native: mixed salvaged native blood (n = 20). Filtered: mixed salvaged leukocyte filtered blood (n = 20). Irradiated: mixed salvaged irradiated blood (n = 20). The frequency of the surface receptors CD14, HLA‐DR, and intracellular tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α on peripheral blood mononuclear cells was analyzed by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting analysis. The frequency of unstimulated CD14low and CD14high cells as well as unstimulated HLA‐DR and TNF‐α positive monocytes was comparable between venous and filtered salvaged blood. However, native and irradiated salvaged blood increased compared with venous (p < 0.05) and filtered salvaged blood (p < 0.05) for unstimulated CD14low cells, HLA‐DR, and TNF‐α positive monocytes. Stimulated intracellular TNF‐α positive monocytes were decreased in native, filtered, and irradiated salvaged blood compared with venous blood (p < 0.05). Processing perioperative salvaged blood with leukofiltration minimizes the influence on monocytes activation compared with native and irradiated salvaged blood. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 815–821, 2018.
Tokyo Guidelines 2018: surgical management of acute cholecystitis: safe steps in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis (with videos)
Authors: Wakabayashi Go , Iwashita Yukio , Hibi Taizo , Takada Tadahiro , Strasberg Steven M. , Asbun Horacio J. , Endo Itaru , Umezawa Akiko , Asai Koji , Suzuki Kenji , Mori Yasuhisa , Okamoto Kohji , Pitt Henry A. , Han Ho‐Seong , Hwang Tsann‐Long , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Yoon Dong‐Sup , Choi In‐Seok , Huang Wayne Shih‐Wei , Giménez Mariano Eduardo , Garden O. James , Gouma Dirk J. , Belli Giulio , Dervenis Christos , Jagannath Palepu , Chan Angus C. W. , Lau Wan Yee , Liu Keng‐Hao , Su Cheng‐Hsi , Misawa Takeyuki , Nakamura Masafumi , Horiguchi Akihiko , Tagaya Nobumi , Fujioka Shuichi , Higuchi Ryota , Shikata Satoru , Noguchi Yoshinori , Ukai Tomohiko , Yokoe Masamichi , Cherqui Daniel , Honda Goro , Sugioka Atsushi , de Santibañes Eduardo , Supe Avinash Nivritti , Tokumura Hiromi , Kimura Taizo , Yoshida Masahiro , Mayumi Toshihiko , Kitano Seigo , Inomata Masafumi , Hirata Koichi , Sumiyama Yoshinobu , Inui Kazuo , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn some cases, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) may be difficult to perform in patients with acute cholecystitis (AC) with severe inflammation and fibrosis. The Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG18) expand the indications for LC under difficult conditions for each level of severity of AC. As a result of expanding the indications for LC to treat AC, it is absolutely necessary to avoid any increase in bile duct injury (BDI), particularly vasculo‐biliary injury (VBI), which is known to occur at a certain rate in LC. Since the Tokyo Guidelines 2013 (TG13), an attempt has been made to assess intraoperative findings as objective indicators of surgical difficulty; based on expert consensus on these difficulty indicators, bail‐out procedures (including conversion to open cholecystectomy) have been indicated for cases in which LC for AC is difficult to perform. A bail‐out procedure should be chosen if, when the Calot's triangle is appropriately retracted and used as a landmark, a critical view of safety (CVS) cannot be achieved because of the presence of nondissectable scarring or severe fibrosis. We propose standardized safe steps for LC to treat AC. To achieve a CVS, it is vital to dissect at a location above (on the ventral side of) the imaginary line connecting the base of the left medial section (Segment 4) and the roof of Rouvière's sulcus and to fulfill the three criteria of CVS before dividing any structures. Achieving a CVS prevents the misidentification of the cystic duct and the common bile duct, which are most commonly confused. Free full articles and mobile app of TG18 are available at: http://www.jshbps.jp/modules/en/index.php?content_id=47. Related clinical questions and references are also included.
Polydeoxyribonucleotide improves tendon healing following achilles tendon injury in rats
Authors: Kang Shin Hyuk , Choi Min Seok , Kim Han Koo , Kim Woo Seob , Bae Tae Hui , Kim Mi Kyung , Chang Seung Hwan 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTTendon injuries are major musculoskeletal disorders. Polydeoxyribonucleotide activates the adenosine receptor subtype A2A, resulting in tissue growth and neogenesis. This experimental study confirms that polydeoxyribonucleotide can improve secretion of various growth factors, promote collagen synthesis, and restore tensile strength of the Achilles tendon in a rat model with Achilles tendon injury. Thirty‐six male Sprague‐Dawley rats, aged 7 weeks, were divided into two groups, and the Achilles tendon was transected and repaired using the modified Kessler's method. In the experimental group (n = 18), the rats received daily intraperitoneal administration of polydeoxyribonucleotide (8 mg/kg/day for 1, 2, or 4 weeks). The control groups received the same amount of normal saline. The rats were euthanized at 1, 2, and 4 weeks, and tissues from the repair site were harvested. The cross‐sectional area of the tendon was significantly increased at 2 and 4 weeks in polydeoxyribonucleotide group (p = 0.008 and p = 0.017, respectively). Moreover, tendons in the polydeoxyribonucleotide group were more resistant to mechanical stress at 2 and 4 weeks (p = 0.041 and p = 0.041, respectively). The staining levels of collagen type I in the experimental group were significantly stronger at 2 and 4 weeks (p = 0.026 and p = 0.009, respectively). Furthermore, higher expression levels of fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and transforming growth factor β1 were detected in the experimental group at 4 weeks (p = 0.041, p = 0.026, and p = 0.041, respectively). This study confirms that polydeoxyribonucleotide can improve the tensile strength of the rats’ Achilles tendon following injury and repair. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1767–1776, 2018.
Laser‐assisted fixation of a nitinol stapes prosthesis
Authors: Schrötzlmair Florian , Suchan Fabian , Pongratz Thomas , Krause Eike , Müller Joachim , Sroka Ronald 
Published: November 2017

Background and ObjectiveOtosclerosis is an inner ear bone disease characterized by fixation of the stapes and consequently progressive hearing loss. One treatment option is the surgical replacement of the stapes by a prosthesis. When so called “smart materials” like nitinol are used, prosthesis fixation can be performed using a laser without manual crimping on the incus. However, specific laser‐prosthesis interactions have not been described yet. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the thermo‐mechanical properties of the NiTiBOND® prosthesis as a basis for handling instructions for laser‐assisted prosthesis fixation.Study Design and Materials and MethodsClosure of the NiTiBOND® prosthesis was induced ex vivo by either a diode laser emitting at λ = 940 nm or a CO2 laser (λ = 10,600 nm). Total energy for closure was determined. Suitable laser parameters (pulse duration, power per pulse, distance between tip of the laser fiber and prosthesis) were assessed. Specific laser‐prosthesis interactions were recorded.ResultsEspecially the diode laser was found to be an appropriate energy source. A total energy deposit of 60 mJ by pulses in near contact application was found to be sufficient for prosthesis closure ex vivo. Energy should be transmitted through a laser fiber equipollent to the prosthesis band diameter. Specific deformation characteristics due to the zonal prosthesis composition have to be taken into account.ConclusionNiTiBOND® stapes prosthesis can be closed by very little energy when appropriate energy sources like diode lasers are used, suggesting a relatively safe application in vivo. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:153–157, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Low‐level red LED light inhibits hyperkeratinization and inflammation induced by unsaturated fatty acid in an in vitro model mimicking acne
Authors: Li Wen‐Hwa , Fassih Ali , Binner Curt , Parsa Ramine , Southall Michael D. 
Published: November 2017

Background and ObjectiveAcne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous units (PSU), associated with increased sebum production, abnormal follicular keratinization (hyperkeratinization), follicular overgrowth of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), and increased inflammatory mediator release. Light therapy has attracted medical interests as a safe alternative treatment for acne. Both blue and red light therapies at high doses >10 J/cm2 have demonstrated marked effects on inflammatory acne lesions. However, few studies have investigated the effects of lower doses of light. The aim of this study is to investigate the biological effects of lower doses of red light at 0.2–1.2 J/cm2 for acne using an in vitro model previously developed to mimic the inflammation and hyperkeratinization observed clinically in acne.Materials and MethodsHuman epidermal equivalents were topically exposed to an unsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid (OA), followed by red light‐emitting diode (LED) light treatments (light‐plus‐OA treatments). Endpoints evaluated included the proinflammatory cytokine IL‐1α, epidermal barrier integrity, as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), and stratum corneum (SC) thickness to monitor hyperkeratinization.ResultsOA‐induced IL‐1α release was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced following red LED light at 0.2, 0.5, and 1.2 J/cm2, from 266 ± 11 pg/ml of no‐light‐plus‐OA‐treated (OA treatment without light) controls to 216 ± 9, 231 ± 8, and 212 ± 7 pg/ml, respectively. Histological examination showed that SC thickening following OA treatment was reduced from 43% of total epidermis for no‐light‐plus‐OA treatment to 37% and 38% of total epidermis following 0.5 and 1.1 J/cm2 red light plus OA treatment, respectively (P < 0.05). Moreover, 1.1 J/cm2 red‐light‐plus‐OA treatment improved OA‐induced TEER changes from 29% of baseline for no‐light‐plus‐OA treatment, to 36% of baseline.ConclusionLow level red LED light therapy could provide beneficial effects of anti‐inflammation, normalizing pilosebaceous hyperkeratinization, and improving barrier impairment in Acne vulgaris. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:158–165, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Coating Material with Self‐Healing Properties
Authors: Wang Ya‐Min , Pan Min , Liang Xiang‐Yong , Li Bang‐Jing , Zhang Sheng 
Published: November 2017

AbstractElectromagnetic wave absorption coatings can effectively minimize electromagnetic radiation and are widely used in the military and civil field. However, even small scratches on the coating can lead to a large decline of absorption ability and bring serious consequences. To enhance the lifetime of electromagnetic wave absorbing coating, a kind of self‐healing electromagnetic wave absorbing coating is developed by introducing host–guest interactions between the absorbing fillers and polymer matrix. After being damaged, the cracks on this coating can be healed completely with the aid of small amounts of water. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic absorbing ability of the coating is restored along with the self‐healing process.
Quantitative evaluation of contrast agent uptake in standard fat‐suppressed dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI examinations of the breast
Authors: Kousi Evanthia , Smith Joely , Ledger Araminta E. , Scurr Erica , Allen Steven , Wilson Robin M. , O'Flynn Elizabeth , Pope Romney J.E. , Leach Martin O. , Schmidt Maria A. 
Published: November 2017

PurposeTo propose a method to quantify T1 and contrast agent uptake in breast dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) examinations undertaken with standard clinical fat‐suppressed MRI sequences and to demonstrate the proposed approach by comparing the enhancement characteristics of lobular and ductal carcinomas.MethodsA standard fat‐suppressed DCE of the breast was performed at 1.5 T (Siemens Aera), followed by the acquisition of a proton density (PD)‐weighted sequence, also fat suppressed. Both sequences were characterized with test objects (T1 ranging from 30 ms to 2,400 ms) and calibration curves were obtained to enable T1 calculation. The reproducibility and accuracy of the calibration curves were also investigated. Healthy volunteers and patients were scanned with Ethics Committee approval. The effect of B0 field inhomogeneity was assessed in test objects and healthy volunteers. The T1 of breast tumors was calculated at different time points (pre‐, peak‐, and post‐contrast agent administration) for 20 patients, pre‐treatment (10 lobular and 10 ductal carcinomas) and the two cancer types were compared (Wilcoxon rank‐sum test).ResultsThe calibration curves proved to be highly reproducible (coefficient of variation under 10%). T1 measurements were affected by B0 field inhomogeneity, but frequency shifts below 50 Hz introduced only 3% change to fat‐suppressed T1 measurements of breast parenchyma in volunteers. The values of T1 measured pre‐, peak‐, and post‐contrast agent administration demonstrated that the dynamic range of the DCE sequence was correct, that is, image intensity is approximately directly proportional to 1/T1 for that range. Significant differences were identified in the width of the distributions of the post‐contrast T1 values between lobular and ductal carcinomas (P < 0.05); lobular carcinomas demonstrated a wider range of post‐contrast T1 values, potentially related to their infiltrative growth pattern.ConclusionsThis work has demonstrated the feasibility of fat‐suppressed T1 measurements as a tool for clinical studies. The proposed quantitative approach is practical, enabled the detection of differences between lobular and invasive ductal carcinomas, and further enables the optimization of DCE protocols by tailoring the dynamic range of the sequence to the values of T1 measured.
Evaluation of pharmacokinetic models for perfusion imaging with dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in porcine skeletal muscle using low‐molecular‐weight contrast agents
Authors: Hindel Stefan , Papanastasiou Giorgos , Wust Peter , Maaß Marc , Söhner Anika , Lüdemann Lutz 
Published: November 2017

PurposePharmacokinetic models for perfusion quantification with a low‐molecular‐weight contrast agent (LMCA) in skeletal muscle using dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) were evaluated.MethodsTissue perfusion was measured in seven regions of interest (ROIs) placed in the total hind leg supplied by the femoral artery in seven female pigs. DCE‐MRI was performed using a 3D gradient echo sequence with k‐space sharing. The sequence was acquired twice, first after LMCA and then after blood pool contrast agent injection. Blood flow was augmented by continuous infusion of the vasodilator adenosine into the femoral artery, resulting in up to four times increased blood flow. The results obtained with several LMCA models were compared with those of a two‐compartment blood pool model (2CBPM) consisting of a capillary and an arteriolar compartment. Measurements performed with a Doppler flow probe placed at the femoral artery served as ground truth.ResultsThe two‐compartment exchange model extended by an arteriolar compartment (E2CXM) showed the highest fit quality of all LMCA models and the most significant correlation with the Doppler measurements, r = 0.78 (P < 0.001). The best correspondence between the capillary perfusion measurements of the LMCA models and those of the 2CBPM was found with the E2CXM (slope of the regression line equal to 1, r = 0.85, P < 0.001). The results for the clinical patient data corresponded very well with the results obtained in the animal experiments.ConclusionsDouble‐contrast agent DCE‐MRI in combination with the E2CXM yields the most reliable results and can be used in clinical routine. Magn Reson Med 79:3154–3162, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Factors influencing long‐term adherence to pelvic floor exercises in women with urinary incontinence
Authors: Venegas Mónica , Carrasco Bernardita , Casas‐Cordero Romina 
Published: November 2017

Background and ObjectivesTo ensure the effectiveness of Physical Therapy for urinary incontinence (UI), it is crucial that patients adhere to treatment in both the long and the short term. Treatment adherence may prevent symptom progression and the need for surgery, which is associated with higher costs and potential complications. Adherence is defined as carrying out a recommended behavioral modification or change. The World Health Organization (WHO) has established that adherence is a multifactorial phenomenon determined by the interaction of five dimensions, which include diverse factors that affect long‐term adherence on many levels.AimTo identify the factors that influence long‐term adherence to pelvic floor exercises in women with UI.MethodsObservational, descriptive, cross‐sectional study. The sample was recruited from the “Centro Integral de Reeducación de Piso Pélvico” (CIREP), and included 61 women treated for UI at the center in 2014 and 2015. Participants completed a self‐administered, 28‐item questionnaire developed for this study based on the WHO five dimensions. Data analysis was performed using STATA 13.0 software.ResultsHaving performed pelvic floor home exercises after discharge from Physical Therapy was significantly associated with self‐rated treatment adherence (P < 0.001). Patient‐related factors were significantly associated with long‐term adherence to the pelvic floor exercise program (P < 0.001).ConclusionPatient‐related factors, exerted the strongest influence on long‐term adherence to pelvic floor exercises in women with UI; forgetting to do the exercises and boredom with the exercises were the factors most strongly related to low treatment adherence, while motivation and commitment were associated with high adherence in this population.
Increased odds of bladder and bowel symptoms in early Parkinson's disease
Authors: Serra Monica C. , Landry Alexus , Juncos Jorge L. , Markland Alayne D. , Burgio Kathryn L. , Goode Patricia S. , Johnson Theodore M. , Vaughan Camille P. 
Published: November 2017

AimsTo compare the prevalence of urinary and bowel symptoms in a sample of adults with early Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy controls (HC).MethodsData were obtained from the Michael J. Fox Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). Prevalent bladder (urinary incontinence (UI) and nighttime voiding) and bowel (constipation and fecal incontinence (FI)) symptoms were defined as occurring at least sometimes when queried using the Scale for Outcomes in PD for Autonomic Symptoms.ResultsThe proportion of men (65% vs 64%) and the mean age (61.0 ± 9.7 vs 60.2 ± 11.2 years) was similar between early PD (n = 423) and HC (n = 195). UI and constipation were more prevalent among early PD versus HC (UI: 26.7% vs 8.2%, constipation: 32.4% vs 11.8%; P's < 0.0001). Prevalent nighttime voiding was high among both groups, but not significantly different (82.5% vs 84.1%, P = 0.62). FI was infrequent in both. The odds of UI and constipation were significantly higher in early PD even after adjustment for age, sex, cognition, and overactive bladder (UI model only), constipation (UI and constipation models only), depression, and anxiety medication usage (UI: OR: 4.39 [95% CI: 2.92, 5.87]; constipation: 3.34 [2.20, 4.42]; P's < 0.0001).ConclusionsWhile constipation is known to precede PD diagnosis, these data suggest that the occurrence of UI is elevated in early PD compared to a well‐matched HC population.
Noninvasive fetal RHD genotyping of RhD negative pregnant women for targeted anti‐D therapy in Australia: A cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Gordon Louisa G. , Hyland Catherine A. , Hyett Jonathan A. , O'Brien Helen , Millard Glenda , Flower Robert L. , Gardener Glenn J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo undertake a cost‐effectiveness analysis of noninvasive fetal RHD genotyping to target pregnant women for antenatal anti‐D prophylaxis therapy.MethodA decision‐analytic model was constructed to compare RHD testing and targeted anti‐D prophylaxis, with current universal anti‐D prophylaxis among pregnant women with RhD negative blood type. Model estimates were derived from national perinatal statistics, published literature, donor program records, and national cost sources. One‐way sensitivity analyses addressed the uncertainty of variables on the main findings.ResultsThe unit cost for RHD genotyping was estimated at AU$45.48 (US$31.84). The “mean cost per healthy baby” was AU$7495 (US$5247) for universal prophylaxis and AU$7471 (US$5230) for targeted prophylaxis. The findings were sensitive to the unit costs of anti‐D 625 IU (AU$59‐AU$88) (US$41‐US$62), the genetic test (AU$36‐AU$55) (US$25‐US$39), and packaging/transport costs of the samples for testing (AU$15‐AU$40, US$11‐US$28 per sample). With RHD genotyping, 13 938 women would avoid antenatal anti‐D prophylaxis at a total cost savings to the National Blood Authority of AU$2.1 million (US$1.5 million) per year. To the health system, net cost savings of AU$159 701 (US$111 791) per year (0.05%) were predicted for total health care costs.ConclusionsGiven the vulnerable supply of donor plasma and other health concerns, RHD genotyping is an economically sound option for Australia.
Social support following diagnosis and treatment for colorectal cancer and associations with health‐related quality of life: Results from the UK ColoREctal Wellbeing (CREW) cohort study
Authors: Haviland Joanne , Sodergren Samantha , Calman Lynn , Corner Jessica , Din Amy , Fenlon Deborah , Grimmett Chloe , Richardson Alison , Smith Peter W. , Winter Jane ,   members of Study Advisory Committee, Foster Claire 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveSocial support is acknowledged as important in cancer survivorship, but little is known about change in support after cancer diagnosis and factors associated with this, particularly in colorectal cancer. The CREW cohort study investigated social support up to 2 years following curative intent surgery for colorectal cancer.MethodsA total of 871 adults recruited pre‐treatment from 29 UK centres 2010 to 2012 consented to follow‐up. Questionnaires at baseline, 3, 9, 15, and 24 months post‐surgery included assessments of social support (Medical Outcomes Study‐Social Support Survey, MOS‐SSS) and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Socio‐demographic, clinical and treatment details were collected. Longitudinal analyses assessed social support over follow‐up, associations with participant characteristics, and HRQoL.ResultsAround 20% were living alone and 30% without a partner. Perceived social support declined in around 29% of participants, with 8% of these reporting very low levels overall from baseline to 2 years (mean MOS‐SSS overall score < 40 on a scale from 0 to 100). Older age, female gender, greater neighbourhood deprivation, presence of co‐morbidities, and rectal cancer site were significantly associated with reductions in perceived support. Poorer HRQoL outcomes (generic health/QoL, reduced wellbeing, anxiety, and depression) were significantly associated with lower levels of social support.ConclusionsLevels of social support decline following colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment in nearly a third of patients and are an important risk factor for recovery of HRQoL. Assessment of support early on and throughout follow‐up would enable targeted interventions to improve recovery, particularly in the more vulnerable patient groups at risk of poorer social support.