bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges of Integrating an Evidence‐based Intervention in Health Departments to Prevent Excessive Gestational Weight Gain among Low‐income Women
Authors: Yeo SeonAe , Samuel‐Hodge Carmen D. , Smith Rachael , Leeman Jennifer , Ferraro Amanda M. , Asafu‐Adjei Josephine K. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo examine health departments' (HD) capacity to adapt and implement an intervention to prevent excessive gestational weight gain.Design and SampleSeventy‐seven stakeholders (nurses, nutritionists, social workers, health educators, health directors, and multilingual service providers) in nine HDs participated. A descriptive mixed methods approach was used to collect data at workshops held onsite to introduce the evidence‐based intervention (EBI) and discuss its adaptation.MeasuresA survey was administered to assess the intervention's fit with the HDs context. Generalized logit mixed models were used to analyze the survey data. The discussions of adaptation were audiotaped and thematically analyzed to identify factors influencing implementation.ResultsThe majority of stakeholders desired to participate in the training portion of the EBI, but they were reluctant to adopt it, and noted a lack of adequate resources. From the audiotaped narratives, three themes emerged: (1) Patient needs and resources, (2) Perception about adaptability of the EBI, and (3) The complexity of the EBI for pregnant populations.ConclusionAlthough the EBI was effective for low‐income nonpregnant populations in southeastern regions, pregnancy and complex antenatal services make this intervention unrealistic to be adapted as a part of prenatal care at HDs.
Umbilical Cord Serum 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Relation to Birthweight, Head Circumference and Infant Length at Age 14 Days
Authors: Dalgård Christine , Petersen Maria Skaalum , Steuerwald Ulrike , Weihe Pál , Grandjean Philippe 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundInsufficient supply of vitamin D during early development may negatively affect offspring growth.MethodsWe examined the association between umbilical cord (UC) serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and infant size in a study of two Faroese birth cohorts of 1038 singleton infants. In the third trimester, the pregnant women completed questionnaires, and clinical examination included birthweight, head circumference, and infant length at age 14 days.ResultsFifty‐three percent of the newborn population had UC 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L as determined by LC‐MS/MS. Using multiple linear regression models with adjustment for pre‐pregnancy BMI, sex, parity, gestational age, or infant age at examination, season of birth, smoking, gestational diabetes, examiner, and cohort identity, we found no relationship between birthweight or head circumference and UC 25(OH)D. However, infants with vitamin D status <12 nmol/L had a 0.49 (95% confidence interval 0.05, 0.93) cm lower length than infants with vitamin D status >50 nmol/L in models further adjusted for birthweight.ConclusionOur data suggest that umbilical cord serum 25(OH)D concentrations are positively associated with infant length but not with birthweight and head circumference. Although the paediatric relevance of the observed association is unclear, the possible long‐term consequences of late‐pregnancy hypovitaminosis D deserve attention.
Application of machine vision systems in aquaculture with emphasis on fish: state‐of‐the‐art and key issues
Authors: Saberioon Mohammadmehdi , Gholizadeh Asa , Cisar Petr , Pautsina Aliaksandr , Urban Jan 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDemands of aquatic products are increasing dramatically during past decades. Also quality assurance has gradually received more attention by both producers and consumers. Thus, fish producers are exploring all possible approaches for improving the productivity and profitability. Monitoring of fish state and behaviour during cultivation may help to improve profitability for producers and also reduce the threat of severe loss because of disease and stress incidents. It is necessary to evaluate and measure quality of fish products in accurate, fast and objective way for meeting the different demands of the fish‐processing industry after harvesting. Traditional methods are usually time‐consuming, expensive, laborious and invasive. Using rapid, inexpensive and noninvasive methods is therefore important and desirable. Optical sensors and machine vision system provide the possibility of developing faster, cheaper and noninvasive methods for in situ and after harvesting monitoring of quality in aquaculture. This review describes the most recent technologies and the suitability of different optical sensors for the fish farming management and also assessment, measurement and prediction of fish products quality. Two major areas of optical sensors applications in aquaculture are discussed in this review: (i) preharvesting and during cultivation; and (ii) post‐harvesting. Finally, accuracy and uncertainty of optical sensors applications in aquaculture are discussed. This review showed that MVSs and optical sensors have found real‐world application based on tremendous possibility offered by digital camera development and increasing the speed of computer‐based processing; however, still new algorithms, methods and re‐engineered sensors need to be developed to meet real‐world requirements.
Cryopreservation and vitrification of fish semen: a review with special emphasis on marine species
Authors: Magnotti Caio , Cerqueira Vinicius , Lee‐Estevez Manuel , Farias Jorge G. , Valdebenito Iván , Figueroa Elías 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSemen conservation methods have been extensively studied for fish species over the last 60 years. Cryopreservation techniques can be divided into two types: one with slow cooling rates like traditional freezing and the other with ultrarapid rates as used in vitrification. These protocols increase the time over which semen samples can be used for reproduction or sperm quality analysis. Marine fish possess greater resistance than freshwater species to variations in osmolality. This favours the application of these methods, which produce better results after thawing and offer high biotechnological potential for aquaculture. In the last 15 years, sperm cryopreservation studies have been carried out in 32 marine species, but there are few analyses of the effects of freezing on the morphology and physiology of sperm cells. The object of this review was to provide recent data on semen cryopreservation in marine fish species and to suggest variables which may be applied in future research.
Application of zeolites in aquaculture industry: a review
Authors: Ghasemi Zahra , Sourinejad Iman , Kazemian Hossein , Rohani Sohrab 
Published: February 2016

AbstractZeolites are microporous crystalline hydrated aluminosilicates, which have found various applications because of their very unique physicochemical characteristics such as ion exchange and adsorption–desorption properties. Significant progress has been made in recent years on applications of these inorganic adsorbents in different industries including agriculture, aquaculture, water and wastewater treatment, air purification and petrochemicals. This review article intends to summarize the published reports on the applications of natural, synthetic and modified zeolites in aquaculture industry. Application of zeolitic materials for water quality improvement of fish farms and fish transportation tanks by selective capturing of ammonia and toxic heavy metals and zeolite application as feed additive to enhance fish growth and promote their health and nutritional parameters are the most important discussed areas. According to the technical data that are discussed in this review, natural and synthetic zeolites should be considered as materials with tremendous potential of applications in the aquaculture industry. Considerable amounts of research works are under way to explore other opportunities for application of zeolites to benefit aquaculture industry.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of respiratory viral coinfections in children
Authors: Lim Faye Janice , de Klerk Nicholas , Blyth Christopher C. , Fathima Parveen , Moore Hannah C. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractRespiratory infections are a common cause of paediatric morbidity. Clinical outcomes in children hospitalized with single respiratory virus infection are compared with those with two or more viral–viral coinfection. Studies were restricted to those reporting on children aged less than 5 years (PROSPERO CRD#42014009133). Published data to calculate risk ratios (RR) comparing children with single viral infections to coinfection using a random effects model were used. Similar analyses by pathogen pairs and by excluding children with comorbidities were performed. Of 4443 articles reviewed, 19 were included. Overall, no differences in the risk of fever, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), oxygen use, mechanical ventilation and abnormal radiographs between children with single infection and those with coinfection were found. When analysing only children without comorbidities, the risk of fever (RR = 1.16 to RR = 1.24, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.00–1.55) and ICU admission (RR = 1.08 to RR = 1.31, 95% CI = 0.93–1.83) increased but remained non‐significant. Point estimates suggested an increased risk of ICU admission in those coinfected with either respiratory syncytial virus or human metapneumovirus compared with those with single infection but was non‐significant. Our findings suggest that coinfection is not associated with increased clinical severity, but further investigations by pathogen pairs are warranted.
Laplace Deconvolution on the Basis of Time Domain Data and its Application to Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Imaging
Authors: Comte Fabienne , Cuenod Charles-A. , Pensky Marianna , Rozenholc Yves 
Published: February 2016

SummaryWe consider the problem of Laplace deconvolution with noisy discrete non-equally spaced observations on a finite time interval. We propose a new method for Laplace deconvolution which is based on expansions of the convolution kernel, the unknown function and the observed signal over a Laguerre functions basis (which acts as a surrogate eigenfunction basis of the Laplace convolution operator) using a regression setting. The expansion results in a small system of linear equations with the matrix of the system being triangular and Toeplitz. Because of this triangular structure, there is a common number m of terms in the function expansions to control, which is realized via a complexity penalty. The advantage of this methodology is that it leads to very fast computations, produces no boundary effects due to extension at zero and cut-off at T and provides an estimator with the risk within a logarithmic factor of m of the oracle risk. We emphasize that we consider the true observational model with possibly non-equispaced observations which are available on a finite interval of length T which appears in many different contexts, and we account for the bias associated with this model (which is not present in the case T → ∞). The study is motivated by perfusion imaging using a short injection of contrast agent, a procedure which is applied for medical assessment of microcirculation within tissues such as cancerous tumours. The presence of a tuning parameter a allows the choice of the most advantageous time units, so that both the kernel and the unknown right-hand side of the equation are well represented for the deconvolution. The methodology is illustrated by an extensive simulation study and a real data example which confirms that the technique proposed is fast, efficient, accurate, usable from a practical point of view and very competitive.
Estimation of Extreme Depth-Based Quantile Regions
Authors: He Yi , Einmahl John H. J. 
Published: February 2016

Summary
Consider the extreme quantile region induced by the half-space depth function HD of the form Q={x∈Rd:HD(x,P)⩽β}, such that PQ=p for a given, very small p &gt; 0. Since this involves extrapolation outside the data cloud, this region can hardly be estimated through a fully non-parametric procedure. Using extreme value theory we construct a natural semiparametric estimator of this quantile region and prove a refined consistency result. A simulation study clearly demonstrates the good performance of our estimator. We use the procedure for risk management by applying it to stock market returns.
Intrapersonal self‐transcendence, meaning‐in‐life and nurse–patient interaction: powerful assets for quality of life in cognitively intact nursing‐home patients
Authors: Haugan Gørill , Moksnes Unni Karin , Løhre Audhild 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundSpirituality has demonstrated a significant impact on quality of life in nursing‐home patients. Likewise, as essential aspects of spirituality, hope, self‐transcendence, and meaning are found to be vital resources to nursing‐home patients' global well‐being. Further, nurse–patient interaction has demonstrated a powerful influence on patient's hope, self‐transcendence, and meaning‐in‐life, as well as on anxiety and depression.AimThe present study investigated the associations of hope, self‐transcendence, meaning, and perceived nurse–patient interaction with quality of life.Design and methodIn a cross‐sectional design, a sample of 202 cognitively intact nursing‐home patients in Mid‐Norway responded to the Herth Hope Index, the Self‐Transcendence scale, the Purpose‐in‐Life test, the Nurse‐Patient Interaction scale, and a one‐item overall measure on quality of life. Using SPSS ordinal regression, bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted with quality of life as dependent variable.ResultsControlling for gender, age, and residential time, all the scales were significantly related to quality of life in the bivariate analyses. Intrapersonal self‐transcendence showed an exceptional position presenting a very high odds ratio in the bivariate analysis, and also the strongest association with quality of life in multivariate analyses. Meaning and nurse–patient interaction also showed independent and significant associations with quality of life.ConclusionThe associations found encourage the idea that intrapersonal self‐transcendence, meaning‐in‐life, and nurse–patient interaction are powerful health‐promoting factors that significantly influence on nursing‐home patients' quality of life. Therefore, pedagogical approaches for advancing caregivers' presence and confidence in health‐promoting interaction should be upgraded and matured. Proper educational programs for developing interacting skills including assessing and supporting patients' intrapersonal self‐transcendence and meaning‐in‐life should be utilised and their effectiveness evaluated.
Studying the Determinants of Student‐Athlete Grade Point Average: The Roles of Identity, Context, and Academic Interests*
Authors: Beron Kurt J. , Piquero Alex R. 
Published: February 2016

ObjectiveThe relationship between academic achievement, especially grade point average (GPA), and college athletics is often focused on “big‐time” (National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I (NCAA DI)) colleges. This study examines athletic and academic identity correlates with student‐athlete (SA) GPA for not only DI but also DII and DIII SAs, separately by sex.MethodsThe GPAs of over 19,000 SAs across divisions are analyzed using OLS with covariates including athletic and academic indicators. The analysis pools SAs, separates by division, and separates by division and sex. Additional analyses were conducted for the revenue‐producing sports.ResultsSAs’ GPA is directly influenced by their athletic versus academic identity, the athletic context including the coach's influence, and the seriousness with which they view academics. Cross‐equation joint testing found no statistical differences in athletic or academic identity across division and sex.ConclusionsTwo beliefs are widely presumed: that DI SAs' focus on athletics more than SAs in the “less competitive” divisions leads them to worse academic outcomes, and that the athletic identity of male SAs has a greater impact on academic performance than female SAs. Our results provide no evidence for either presumption.
Pedotransfer functions to assess adsorbed phosphate using iron oxide content and magnetic susceptibility in an Oxisol
Authors: Camargo L. A. , Marques J. , Pereira G. T. , Alleoni L. R. F. , Bahia A. S. R. de S. , Teixeira D. De B. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAdsorbed phosphate in soils can be chemically extracted; however, this process is both time‐consuming and not cost‐effective if large numbers of samples have to be analysed. Indirect assessment of adsorbed phosphate by pedotransfer functions (PTFs) can help optimize fertilizer strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of adsorbed phosphate (Pads), iron oxides and magnetic susceptibility (MS) in oxisols and to calibrate PTFs to predict Pads. A total of 308 soil samples were collected from Hapludox and Eutrudox soils formed from sandstone in Brazil. The contents of clay (196–607 g/kg), iron oxides (40–165 g/kg), MS (1.2–29 × 10−6 m3/kg) and Pads (327–842 mg/kg) were in the range of typical values for these highly weathered soils. This study showed that the attributes studied were spatially dependent. Geomorphic surfaces enabled understanding of spatial variability and helped to develop a more efficient sampling scheme to calibrate PTFs. Moreover, the adsorbed phosphate in these oxisols could be predicted by a PTF using iron oxides and MS as predictors. The MS attribute enabled the most accurate prediction (concordance coefficient = 0.95, root‐mean‐square error = 46 mg/kg and relative improvement in root‐mean‐square error = −4.12) of spatial variability through PTF compared to other predictors.
Transfusion of CMV‐unselected blood components may lead to inappropriate donor selection for patients subsequently undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant
Authors: Morton S. , Danby R. , Rocha V. , Peniket A. , Murphy M. F. 
Published: February 2016

SUMMARYObjectivesTo establish whether passive transfer of cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG via transfusion results in ambiguous serostatus in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT).BackgroundCMV infection causes significant morbidity following allogeneic SCT. Leucocyte‐reduced blood products from CMV‐seropositive donors carry minimal risk of CMV transmission, however, may result in passive transfer of CMV IgG, leading to unintentionally CMV‐mismatched recipient/donors with significant consequences.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective single‐centre analysis of CMV IgG results in patients transfused with CMV‐unselected (CMV‐U) leucocyte‐reduced components subsequently undergoing SCT.ResultsOf patients with >1CMV IgG measured, 8/29 (27·6%) had discordant results; all were transfused between negative and subsequent positive results and were thought to have passively acquired CMV IgG. One likely CMV naïve patient was recorded as CMV seropositive and underwent transplant with a seropositive donor, developing CMV infection which required treatment.ConclusionsPassive transfer of CMV IgG is an unanticipated consequence of transfusion of CMV‐U products and has the potential to cause morbidity. Inaccurate recording of serostatus pre‐transplant has wider implications for data reporting on transplant outcomes. When transfusing CMV‐U components pre‐transfusion CMV IgG samples must be taken and transfusion history must be considered when interpreting results.
Overexpression of TLR‐2 and TLR‐4 mRNA in feline polymorphonuclear neutrophils exposed to Microsporum canis
Authors: Cambier Ludivine C. , Heinen Marie‐Pierre A.‐L. , Bagut Elena T. , Antoine Nadine A. , Mignon Bernard R. 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundPolymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), along with macrophages, are the first leukocytes recruited to the site of infection in dermatophytoses and are responsible for the in fine elimination of the fungus. It has been demonstrated that feline PMNs produce pro‐inflammatory cytokines after stimulation with Microsporum canis. The activation of these cells results from the recognition of specific PAMPs (pathogen associated molecular patterns) from M. canis by PRRs (pattern recognition receptors) of PMNs. The C‐type lectin receptors (CLRs) and toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are the two main PRRs in phagocytic cells that recognize fungal components.Hypothesis/ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of TLR‐2, TLR‐4 and dectin‐1 mRNA in feline PMNs exposed to different components from M. canis.MethodsFeline PMNs were stimulated for 2 h or 4 h with either live arthroconidia, heat‐killed arthroconidia or secreted components from M. canis. The levels of TLR‐2, TLR‐4 and dectin‐1 mRNA were assessed by RT‐qPCR.ResultsResults showed an increase of TLR‐2 and TLR‐4 mRNA levels in feline PMNs stimulated with live and heat‐killed arthroconidia, but not in those stimulated with the secreted components from M. canis. No significant variation in dectin‐1 mRNA expression was observed in PMNs stimulated with the different fungal components.Conclusions and clinical importanceThe overexpression of TLR‐2 and TLR‐4 mRNAs in stimulated feline PMNs suggests that these receptors are involved in the host immune response through the recognition of M. canis PAMPs.
Manufacturing method affects mitochondrial DNA release and extracellular vesicle composition in stored red blood cells
Authors: Bakkour S. , Acker J. P. , Chafets D. M. , Inglis H. C. , Norris P. J. , Lee T.‐H. , Busch M. P. 
Published: February 2016

Background and ObjectivesDamage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are found in transfusion products, but their potential impacts are not fully understood. We examined the influence of manufacturing method on levels of mitochondrial (mt) DNA and extracellular vesicle (EV) DAMPs in red cell concentrates (RCCs).Materials and MethodsEighty‐seven RCCs were prepared using nine different methods (6–15 units/method), including three apheresis, five whole blood (WB)‐derived leucoreduced (LR) and one WB‐derived non‐LR method. On storage days 5 and 42, levels of mtDNA (by PCR) and number and cell of origin of EVs (by flow cytometry) were assessed in RCC supernatants.ResultsThere was a 100‐fold difference in mtDNA levels among methods, with highest levels in non‐LR, followed by MCS+ and Trima apheresis RCCs. There was a 10‐fold difference in EV levels among methods. RBC‐derived CD235a+ EVs were found in fresh RCCs and increased in most during storage. Platelet‐derived CD41a+ EVs were highest in non‐LR and Trima RCCs and did not change during storage. WBC‐derived EVs were low in most RCCs; CD14+ EVs increased in several RCCs during storage.ConclusionDAMPs in RCCs vary by manufacturing method. MtDNA and EV could be informative quality markers that may be relevant to RCC immunomodulatory potential.