bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a risk score (CHANGE) for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke
Authors: Chander Russell J. , Lam Bonnie Y. K. , Lin Xuling , Ng Aloysius Y. T. , Wong Adrian P. L. , Mok Vincent C. T. , Kandiah Nagaendran 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPost-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) warrants early detection and management. We sought to develop a risk score for screening patients at bedside for risk of delayed PSCI. Ischemic stroke survivors with PSCI and no cognitive impairments (NCI) 3–6 months post-stroke were studied to identify candidate variables predictive of PSCI. These variables were used to develop a risk score using regression models. The score, and the best identified clinical cutoff point, underwent development, stability testing, and internal and external validation in three independent cohorts from Singapore and Hong Kong. Across 1,088 subjects, the risk score, dubbed CHANGE, had areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) from 0.74 to 0.82 in detecting significant risk for PSCI, and had predicted values following actual prevalence. In validation data 3–6 and 12–18 months post-stroke, subjects with low, medium, and high scores had PSCI prevalence of 7–23%, 25–58%, and 67–82%. CHANGE was effective in screening ischemic stroke survivors for significant risk of developing PSCI up to 18 months post-stroke. CHANGE used readily available and reliable clinical data, and may be useful in identifying at-risk patients for PSCI.
Global nickel anomaly links Siberian Traps eruptions and the latest Permian mass extinction
Authors: Rampino Michael R. , Rodriguez Sedelia , Baransky Eva , Cai Yue 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAnomalous peaks of nickel abundance have been reported in Permian-Triassic boundary sections in China, Israel, Eastern Europe, Spitzbergen, and the Austrian Carnic Alps. New solution ICP-MS results of enhanced nickel from P-T boundary sections in Hungary, Japan, and Spiti, India suggest that the nickel anomalies at the end of the Permian were a worldwide phenomenon. We propose that the source of the nickel anomalies at the P-T boundary were Ni-rich volatiles released by the Siberian volcanism, and by coeval Ni-rich magma intrusions. The peaks in nickel abundance correlate with negative δ13C and δ18O anomalies, suggesting that explosive reactions between magma and coal during the Siberian flood-basalt eruptions released large amounts of CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere, causing severe global warming and subsequent mass extinction. The nickel anomalies may provide a timeline in P-T boundary sections, and the timing of the peaks supports the Siberian Traps as a contributor to the latest Permian mass extinction.
Apontic directly activates hedgehog and cyclin E for proper organ growth and patterning
Authors: Wang Xian-Feng , Shen Yang , Cheng Qian , Fu Chong-Lei , Zhou Zi-Zhang , Hirose Susumu , Liu Qing-Xin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and Cyclin E are key players in cell proliferation and organ development. Hyperactivation of hh and cyclin E has been linked to several types of cancer. However, coordination of the expression of hh and cyclin E was not well understood. Here we show that an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor Apontic (Apt) directly activates hh and cyclin E through its binding site in the promoter regions of hh and cyclin E. This Apt-dependent proper expression of hh and cyclin E is required for cell proliferation and development of the Drosophila wing. Furthermore, Fibrinogen silencer-binding protein (FSBP), a mammalian homolog of Apt, also positively regulates Sonic hh (Shh), Desert hh (Dhh), Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) and Cyclin E2 (CCNE2) in cultured human cells, suggesting evolutionary conservation of the mechanism. Apt-mediated expression of hh and cyclin E can direct proliferation of Hh-expressing cells and simultaneous growth, patterning and differentiation of Hh-recipient cells. The discovery of the simultaneous expression of Hh and principal cell-cycle regulator Cyclin E by Apt implicates insight into the mechanism by which deregulated hh and cyclin E promotes tumor formation.
Zfp296 negatively regulates H3K9 methylation in embryonic development as a component of heterochromatin
Authors: Matsuura Takumi , Miyazaki Satsuki , Miyazaki Tatsushi , Tashiro Fumi , Miyazaki Jun-ichi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Cys2/His2-type zinc finger protein Zfp296 has been implicated in stem cell pluripotency and tumor pathogenesis. However, its mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated that a Zfp296 deficiency in mice impairs germ-cell development and embryonic growth. Zfp296 was intracellularly localized to heterochromatin in embryos. A GST-Zfp296 pull-down experiment using ES cell nuclear extract followed by LC-MS/MS showed that Zfp296 interacts with component proteins of heterochromatin (such as HP1, Dnmt1, Dnmt3b, and ATRX) and the NuRD complex. We focused on H3K9 methylation as a hallmark of heterochromatin, and found that Zfp296 overexpression in cultured cells reduces the Suv39h1-mediated H3K9 methylation. Consistent with this finding, in Zfp296−/− mouse embryos, we observed a global increase in H3K9 methylation in a developmental stage-dependent manner, and showed, by ChIP-qPCR, that the H3K9me3 levels at major satellite repeats were elevated in Zfp296−/− embryos. Our results demonstrate that Zfp296 is a component of heterochromatin that affects embryonic development by negatively regulating H3K9 methylation.
Whole genome sequencing-based association study to unravel genetic architecture of cooked grain width and length traits in rice
Authors: Misra Gopal , Badoni Saurabh , Anacleto Roslen , Graner Andreas , Alexandrov Nickolai , Sreenivasulu Nese 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this study, we used 2.9 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and 393,429 indels derived from whole genome sequences of 591 rice landraces to determine the genetic basis of cooked and raw grain length, width and shape using genome-wide association study (GWAS). We identified a unique fine-mapped genetic region GWi7.1 significantly associated with cooked and raw grain width. Additionally, GWi7.2 that harbors GL7/GW7 a cloned gene for grain dimension was found. Novel regions in chromosomes 10 and 11 were also found to be associated with cooked grain shape and raw grain width, respectively. The indel-based GWAS identified fine-mapped genetic regions GL3.1 and GWi5.1 that matched synteny breakpoints between indica and japonica. GL3.1 was positioned a few kilobases away from GS3, a cloned gene for cooked and raw grain lengths in indica. GWi5.1 found to be significantly associated with cooked and raw grain width. It anchors upstream of cloned gene GW5, which varied between indica and japonica accessions. GWi11.1 is present inside the 3′-UTR of a functional gene in indica that corresponds to a syntenic break in chromosome 11 of japonica. Our results identified novel allelic structural variants and haplotypes confirmed using single locus and multilocus SNP and indel-based GWAS.
Leptocneria vinarskii sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Lymantriinae), an overlooked Wallacean lineage of the Australian genus
Authors: Bolotov Ivan N. , Kondakov Alexander V. , Spitsyn Vitaly M. , Gofarov Mikhail Yu. , Kolosova Yulia S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe tussock moth genus Leptocneria Butler, 1886 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Lymantriinae) has been considered an entirely Australian taxon that includes two species: L. reducta (Walker, 1855) and L. binotata Butler, 1886. However, we discovered a divergent lineage of Leptocneria inhabiting Flores Island, Lesser Sundas, Indonesia. Here, we describe this lineage as the third species of the genus, L. vinarskii Bolotov, Kondakov et Spitsyn sp. nov. The new species is sister to L. reducta but differs from it by dark gray marking patterns of the forewing that lack orange or dark yellow marks. The mean COI genetic distance between L. vinarskii sp. nov. and L. reducta sensu lato is 2.9%. Our findings confirm that the Wallacean region was a faunal exchange area between Sundaland and Sahul during the Pleistocene but highlight that the vicariance events may have played a crucial role in origin of the endemic faunas on the islands of East Nusa Tenggara. Additionally, we show that both Australian species most likely represent cryptic species complexes, which are in need of further taxonomic revision.
A New Family of Multilevel Grid Connected Inverters Based on Packed U Cell Topology
Authors: Pakdel Majid , Jalilzadeh Saeid 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this paper a novel packed U cell (PUC) based multilevel grid connected inverter is proposed. Unlike the U cell arrangement which consists of two power switches and one capacitor, in the proposed converter topology a lower DC power supply from renewable energy resources such as photovoltaic arrays (PV) is used as a base power source. The proposed topology offers higher efficiency and lower cost using a small number of power switches and a lower DC power source which is supplied from renewable energy resources. Other capacitor voltages are extracted from the base lower DC power source using isolated DC-DC power converters. The operation principle of proposed transformerless multilevel grid connected inverter is analyzed theoretically. Operation of the proposed multilevel grid connected inverter is verified through simulation studies. An experimental prototype using STM32F407 discovery controller board is performed to verify the simulation results.
The self-activated radical doping effects on the catalyzed surface of amorphous metal oxide films
Authors: Kim Hong Jae , Tak Young Jun , Park Sung Pyo , Na Jae Won , Kim Yeong-gyu , Hong Seonghwan , Kim Pyeong Hun , Kim Geon Tae , Kim Byeong Koo , Kim Hyun Jae 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this study, we propose a self-activated radical doping (SRD) method on the catalyzed surface of amorphous oxide film that can improve both the electrical characteristics and the stability of amorphous oxide films through oxidizing oxygen vacancy using hydroxyl radical which is a strong oxidizer. This SRD method, which uses UV irradiation and thermal hydrogen peroxide solution treatment, effectively decreased the amount of oxygen vacancies and facilitated self-passivation and doping effect by radical reaction with photo-activated oxygen defects. As a result, the SRD-treated amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin film transistors (TFTs) showed superior electrical performances compared with non-treated a-IGZO TFTs. The mobility increased from 9.1 to 17.5 cm2/Vs, on-off ratio increased from 8.9 × 107to 7.96 × 109, and the threshold voltage shift of negative bias-illumination stress for 3600 secs under 5700 lux of white LED and negative bias-temperature stress at 50 °C decreased from 9.6 V to 4.6 V and from 2.4 V to 0.4 V, respectively.
Sodium abundances of AGB and RGB stars in Galactic globular clusters
Authors: Wang Y. , Primas F. , Charbonnel C. , Van der Swaelmen M. , Bono G. , Chantereau W. , Zhao G. 
Published: September 2017

Aims. We investigate the Na abundance distribution of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in Galactic globular clusters (GCs) and its possible dependence on GC global properties, especially age and metallicity.
Methods. We analyze high-resolution spectra of a large sample of AGB and red giant branch (RGB) stars in the Galactic GCs NGC 104, NGC 6121, and NGC 6809 obtained with FLAMES/GIRAFFE at ESO/VLT, and determine their Na abundances. This is the first time that the AGB stars in NGC 6809 are targeted. Moreover, to investigate the dependence of AGB Na abundance dispersion on GC parameters, we compare the AGB [Na/H] distributions of a total of nine GCs, with five determined by ourselves with homogeneous method and four from literature, covering a wide range of GC parameters.
Results. NGC 104 and NGC 6809 have comparable AGB and RGB Na abundance distributions revealed by the K−S test, while NGC 6121 shows a lack of very Na-rich AGB stars. By analyzing all nine GCs, we find that the Na abundances and multiple populations of AGB stars form complex picture. In some GCs, AGB stars have similar Na abundances and/or second-population fractions as their RGB counterparts, while some GCs do not have Na-rich second-population AGB stars, and various cases exist between the two extremes. In addition, the fitted relations between fractions of the AGB second population and GC global parameters show that the AGB second-population fraction slightly anticorrelates with GC central concentration, while no robust dependency can be confirmed with other GC parameters.
Conclusions. Current data roughly support the prediction of the fast-rotating massive star (FRMS) scenario. However, considering the weak observational and theoretical trends where scatter and exceptions exist, the fraction of second-population AGB stars can be affected by more than one or two factors, and may even be a result of stochasticity.
Trends and Progress in Human Factors and Organizational Issues in 2016: Learning from Experience
Authors: Pelayo S. , Santos R. 
Published: September 2017

Summary
Objective: To summarize significant research contributions on human factors and organizational issues in medical informatics published in 2016.
Methods: An extensive search using PubMed/Medline and Web of Science® was conducted to identify the scientific contributions published in 2016 that address human factors and organizational issues in medical informatics. The selection process comprised three steps: (i) 15 candidate best papers were first selected by the two section editors, (ii) external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams reviewed each candidate best paper, and (iii) the final selection of five best papers was conducted by the editorial board of the Yearbook.
Results: The five selected best papers present studies with rigorous methods, properly designed and described and are, therefore, efficiently reusable for other researches.
Conclusion: Human factors and ergonomics- based interventions must be tailored to the context, but meaningful ways must be simultaneously found to generate a stronger evidence base for research and to provide efficient, easy to implement, and useful methods.
Secondary Use of Recorded or Self-expressed Personal Data: Consumer Health Informatics and Education in the Era of Social Media and Health Apps
Authors: Staccini P. , Fernandez-Luque L. 
Published: September 2017

Summary
Objective: To summarize the state of the art during the year 2016 in the areas related to consumer health informatics and education with a special emphasis in secondary use of patient data.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of articles published in 2016, using PubMed with a predefined set of queries. We identified over 320 potential articles for review. Papers were considered according to their relevance for the topic of the section. Using consensus, we selected the 15 most representative papers, which were submitted to external reviewers for full review and scoring. Based on the scoring and quality criteria, five papers were finally selected as best papers
Results: The five best papers can be grouped in two major areas: 1) methods and tools to identify and collect formal requirements for secondary use of data, and 2) innovative topics highlighting the interest of carrying on “secondary” studies on patient data, more specifically on the data self-expressed by patients through social media tools. Regarding the formal requirements about informed consent, the selected papers report a comparison of legal aspects in European countries to find a common and unified grammar around the concept of “data donation”. Regarding innovative approaches to value patient data, the selected papers report machine learning algorithms to extract knowledge from patient experience and satisfaction with health care delivery, drug and medication use, treatment compliance and barriers during cancer disease, or acceptation of public health actions such as vaccination.
Conclusions: Secondary use of patient data (apart from personal health care record data) can be expressed according to many ways. Requirements to allow this secondary use have to be harmonized between countries, and social media platforms can be efficiently used to explore and create knowledge on patient experience with health problems or activities. Machine learning algorithms can explore those massive amounts of data to support health care professionals, and institutions provide more accurate knowledge about use and usage, behaviour, sentiment, or satisfaction about health care delivery.
The Role of Free/Libre and Open Source Software in Learning Health Systems
Authors: Paton C. , Karopka T. 
Published: September 2017

Summary
Objective: To give an overview of the role of Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) in the context of secondary use of patient data to enable Learning Health Systems (LHSs).
Methods: We conducted an environmental scan of the academic and grey literature utilising the MedFLOSS database of open source systems in healthcare to inform a discussion of the role of open source in developing LHSs that reuse patient data for research and quality improvement.
Results: A wide range of FLOSS is identified that contributes to the information technology (IT) infrastructure of LHSs including operating systems, databases, frameworks, interoperability software, and mobile and web apps. The recent literature around the development and use of key clinical data management tools is also reviewed.
Conclusions: FLOSS already plays a critical role in modern health IT infrastructure for the collection, storage, and analysis of patient data. The nature of FLOSS systems to be collaborative, modular, and modifiable may make open source approaches appropriate for building the digital infrastructure for a LHS.
A Single-Center Experience with Dynamic Compression Bracing for Children with Pectus Carinatum
Authors: Poola Ashwini , Pierce Amy , Orrick Beth , Peter Shawn , Snyder Charles , Juang David , Aguayo Pablo , Fraser Jason , Holcomb George 
Published: September 2017

Objective Bracing for pectus carinatum (PC) has emerged as an alternative to surgical correction. However, predictive factors for bracing remain poorly understood, as much of the data have been reported from small series.
Materials and Methods We reviewed a prospective dataset in patients with PC who underwent dynamic compression bracing (DCB) from July 2011 to July 2016. Bracing was initiated in patients > 10 years of age with a significant PC and desire for bracing. Data were analyzed for those observed two or more times after the brace was fitted to the patient.
Results A total of 503 patients were evaluated for PC and 340 (68%) underwent DCB. Eighty-five percent were males with an average age of 14 ± 2 years. There was a positive correlation of age with pressure of initial correction (PIC, r = 0.2). One patient underwent operative correction as the initial therapy. Two hundred seventeen patients had two or more visits after the patient was fitted for the brace. The mean PIC in this cohort was 4 psi (range: 1.5–7.8), and the median duration of bracing in this group was 16 months (IQR: 7–23 months). One hundred three patients (47%) achieved complete correction after an average bracing time of 7.5 months and were then placed in the retainer mode. Thirty patients successfully completed bracing therapy and required an average of 23 months of therapy (2 months–4 years). No patient recurred after bracing was completed, but one failed bracing and required operative correction. Complications included mechanical problems (8%), skin complications (10%), complaints of tightness (3%), and pain (2%).
Conclusion DCB has both early and lasting effects in the correction of PC with minimal complications. Predictive factors for successful resolution of the PC include increased duration of DCB and lower initial PIC.
Dual versus Triple Antibiotics Regimen in Children with Perforated Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Feigin Elad , Samuk Inbal , Kravarusic Dragan , Baazov Artur , Levy Itzhak , Livni Gilat , Freud Enrique , Dreznik Yael 
Published: September 2017

Introduction Acute appendicitis is the most common emergency condition in pediatric surgery. Historically, a triple-antibiotic therapy consisted of ampicillin, gentamicin, and clindamycin has been used postoperatively for perforated appendicitis. According to recently published trials, dual therapy consists of ceftriaxone and metronidazole only, offers a more efficient and cost-effective antibiotic management compared with triple therapy. Based on these results, our department applied dual antibiotic therapy for children with perforated appendicitis that underwent appendectomy from 2009 and forth.
Aim The aim of our study was to compare postoperative outcomes between patients treated with triple therapy (ampicillin, gentamicin, and metronidazole) (group A) versus dual therapy (ceftriaxone and metronidazole) (group B).
Methods Clinical and laboratory data were retrospectively collected by review of the medical records for all children who underwent appendectomy for the perforated appendix at the Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, a tertiary pediatric care center between 2007 and 2011. Children with perforated appendicitis received antibiotic therapy in accordance with the hospital's guidelines that were valid at the time the surgery took place. In the first period (years 2007–2009) (group A) a triad of ampicillin, gentamicin, and metronidazole and the second period (2009–2011) (group B) dual therapy consists of ceftriaxone and metronidazole. The two groups were compared for outcome and complications, such as wound infections, changing of antibiotic therapy, and length of stay.
Results During the study period 1,203 patients underwent an appendectomy. Of these, 175 patients were diagnosed with perforated appendix and were treated with postoperative antibiotic's regimen. Group A and group B consisted of 89 and 86 patients, respectively. The two groups were not different significantly in terms of demographic data, length of stay, or readmission rates. However, more rates of wound infection and changing of antibiotic therapy were seen in group B, although not statistically significant (p = 0.064).
Conclusion Dual antibiotic therapy for perforated appendicitis is a cost-effective and efficient mode of therapy compared with triple-antibiotic's regimen. However, prospective studies are required to determine whether this policy is associated with higher rates of wound infections and change in antibiotic therapy.