bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluering af naturfaglige kompetencer
Authors: Dolin Jens , Nielsen Jan Alexis , Tidemand Sofie 
Published: October 2017

Artiklen skitserer kort de sidste 40-50 års udvikling i naturfagene op til det nuværende fokus på undersøgelsesbaseret undervisning og udvikling af kompetencer. Den påpeger hvorledes mange traditionelle evalueringsformer, især brugt ved eksamen, ikke er i stand til at indfange de ønskede kompetencer, hvorfor de har svært ved at slå igennem i den daglige undervisning. Med udgangspunkt i en model af sammenhængene mellem formativ og summativ brug af evaluering argumenteres for nødvendigheden af større alignment mellem naturfagenes formål, pædagogik og evalueringsformer. Artiklen giver eksempler fra en række danske og internationale forskningsprojekter på udvikling og implementering af evalueringsformer, der kan indfange de nye læringsmål og som brugt formativt kan fremme deres læring. Den viser hvilke muligheder og udfordringer de rummer for lærere, og hvorledes en meget struktureret brug af evalueringer kan risikere at elevmotivationen forskydes fra en mestringsorientering hen mod en præstationsorientering. Afslutningsvis bliver der peget på forskellige måder til at håndtere modsætningerne mellem en formativ og en summativ brug af evalueringer. Dels gennem tiltag, der mindsker karakterpresset i skolen, og dels gennem udvikling af nye eksamensformer, der er i bedre overensstemmelse med en kompetenceorienteret undervisning.Nøgleord: kompetencer, evaluering, naturfag, motivation, karakterer Assessment of science competencesAbstractThe article briefly outlines the past 40-50 years of development in science education up to the current focus on inquiry-based teaching and competence development. It points out how many traditional forms of assessment, especially used for examinations, are unable to capture the desired competences, which makes them difficult to realize in daily teaching.Based on a model of the relationships between formative and summative use of assessment, it is argued for the need for greater alignment between the goals in science subjects, teaching and assessment. The article provides examples from a number of Danish and international research projects on the development and implementation of assessment methods that can capture the new learning objectives and which used formatively can promote their learning. It demonstrates what opportunities and challenges they have for teachers, and how a highly structured use of assessment may risk shifting student motivation from a mastering orientation towards a performance orientation. In conclusion, different ways are identified to deal with the contradiction between a formative and a summative use of assessment. Partly through actions that reduce the level of pressure in school for high marks, and partly through the development of new forms of assessment that are in better accordance with a competence-oriented education.Keywords: competences, assessment, science education, motivation, grading
Acta Didactica Norge 2007 - 2017
Authors: Hvistendahl Rita Elisabeth , Hellekjær Glenn Ole , Vestøl Jon Magne 
Published: October 2017

Acta Didactica Norge ble etablert som fritt tilgjengelig tidsskrift for fagdidaktikk og lærerutdanning på nivå 1 i 2007 etter initiativ fra Institutt for lærerutdanning og skoleforskning ved Universitetet i Oslo. Det var det første norske tidsskriftet som tok i bruk tidsskrifts- og publiseringssystemet Open Journal Systems. I denne artikkelen trekkes det opp noen linjer i tidsskriftets tiårige historie fra etableringen i 2007 gjennom tre faser: oppstart, konsolidering og ekspansjon. Tidsskriftet er i dag et tidsskrift på publiseringstjenesten FRITT – frie tidsskrifter fra UiO. Det tar verken abonnements- eller publiseringsavgift. Tidsskriftet har hatt en kraftig vekst i antall artikler fra starten til i dag, og et høyt antall nedlastinger tyder på at det når ut til en stor leserskare. Acta Didactica Norge 2007 - 2017AbstractIn 2007 Acta Didactica Norge, an open-access, level 1 journal for subject didactics and teacher education, was established at the initiative of the Department of Teacher Education and School Research, the University of Oslo. It was the first Norwegian journal to use the Open Journal Systems for online journals. This article provides an overview of the first ten years, through the start-up, consolidation, and expansion phases. Today Acta Didactica Norge is one of Oslo University’s FRITT journals, which does not require subscription or publication fees. FRITT is an Open Access journal publishing service hosted by the University Library. During the last ten years the journal has had a dramatic increase in submitted and published articles and a high number of downloads give evidence of a wide readership.
Determination of Total Steroid Saponins in Different Species of Paris Using FTIR Combined with Chemometrics
Authors: Yang Yuangui , Jin Hang , Zhang Jinyu , Wang Yuanzhong 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The saponins of Paris spp. have antimicrobial, immune-stimulating, and antitumor biological properties. In this investigation, FTIR and ultra-HPLC (UHPLC) were used for the determination of total steroid saponins in different species of Paris from Yunnan Province, China. A 52-sample calibration set and a 26-sample validation set for partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and support vector machine regression (SVMR) combined with FTIR and UHPLC were investigated. The optimal parameters C and γ were screened by a grid search with a sevenfold cross-validation. The results indicate that pretreatment with the combination of standard normal variate, second derivative, and orthogonal signal correction had the best performance. When comparing the SVMR and PLSR models, linear PLSR had better performance than nonlinear SVMR for the determination of total steroid saponins in different species of Paris. The highest total saponin content was found in P. axialis from Baoshan City (40.92 ± 9.06 mg/g). These results demonstrate that this approach would provide a fast and robust strategy for the QC of Paris in further analyses.
“Mamãe é down”: a sexualidade da pessoa com deficiência na trama discursiva da Revista Época
Authors: Oliveira Ana Flávia Teodoro de Mendonça , Araújo Clarissa Martins de 
Published: October 2017

Este artigo analisa um artefato cultural midiático que produz narrativas sobre a pessoa com deficiência e sua sexualidade, como observado na reportagem Mamãe é Down, produzida pela revista Época. Com base na perspectiva pós-estruturalista dos Estudos Culturais e nos estudos foucaultianos, o objetivo é analisar a representação cultural da deficiência e identificar os estereótipos e as essencializações existentes no discurso sobre esses sujeitos. Os resultados indicam que as narrativas sobre a deficiência se articulam com um aparato conceitual, advindo de um saber médico, constituindo uma ideia de deficiência intimamente relacionada à questão biológica. Assim, apresentam-se as causas, o diagnóstico e os possíveis tratamentos oferecidos a esses sujeitos. Nesse jogo de forças, se por um lado os discursos produzem a ideia de uma sexualidade atrelada aos aspectos biológicos, por outro, produzem também a representação cultural de que as pessoas com deficiência podem usufruir de sua sexualidade, de uma vida a dois e da experiência da maternidade.
Magnetic Susceptibility Study of Sub‐Pico‐emu Sample Using a Micromagnetometer: An Investigation through Bistable Spin‐Crossover Materials
Authors: Kamara Souleymane , Tran Quang‐Hung , Davesne Vincent , Félix Gautier , Salmon Lionel , Kim Kunwoo , Kim CheolGi , Bousseksou Azzedine , Terki Ferial 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA promising and original method to study the spin‐transition in bistable spin‐crossover (SCO) materials using a magnetoresistive multiring sensor and its self‐generated magnetic field is reported. Qualitative and quantitative studies are carried out combining theoretical and experimental approaches. The results show that only a small part of matter dropped on the sensor surface is probed by the device. At a low bias‐current range, the number of detected nanoparticles depends on the amplitude of the current. However, in agreement with the theoretical model, the stray voltage from the particles is proportional to the current squared. By changing both the bias current and the concentration of particle droplet, the thermal hysteresis of an ultrasmall volume, 1 × 10−4 mm3, of SCO particles is measured. The local probe of the experimental setup allows a highest resolution of 4 × 10−14 emu to be reached, which is never achieved by experimental methods at room temperature.
Granular Nanostructure: A Facile Biomimetic Strategy for the Design of Supertough Polymeric Materials with High Ductility and Strength
Authors: Song Pingan , Xu Zhiguang , Dargusch Matthew S. , Chen Zhi‐Gang , Wang Hao , Guo Qipeng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe realization of high strength, large ductility, and great toughness for polymeric materials is a vital factor for practical applications in industry. Unfortunately, until now this remains a huge challenge due to the common opposing trends that exist when promoting improvements in these properties using materials design strategies. In the natural world, the cuticle of mussel byssus exhibits a breaking strain as high as 100%, which is revealed to arise from an architectural granular microphase‐separated structure within the protein matrix. Herein, a facile biomimetic designed granular nanostructured polymer film is reported. Such biomimetic nanostructured polymer films show a world‐record toughness of 122 (± 6.1) J g−1 as compared with other polyvinyl alcohol films, with a breaking strain as high as 205% and a high tensile strength of 91.2 MPa, which is much superior to those of most engineering plastics. This portfolio of outstanding properties can be attributed to the unique nanoscale granular phase‐separated structure of this material. These biomimetic designed polymer films are expected to find promising applications in tissue engineering and biomaterials fields, such as artificial skin and tendon, which opens up an innovative methodology for the design of robust polymer materials for a range of innovative future applications.
Influence of Dopant Concentration and Steric Bulk on Interlayer Diffusion in OLEDs
Authors: McEwan Jake A. , Clulow Andrew J. , Nelson Andrew , Wang Renjie , Burn Paul L. , Gentle Ian R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe performance of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) can change when they are subjected to thermal stress after manufacture. The effect of heat on OLED film stacks is studied, in which the emissive layer (EML) comprises either a phosphorescent iridium(III) dopant blended in a host at different concentrations or materials with alkyl substituents to increase the steric bulk of the host and/or dopant. Neutron reflectometry with in situ photoluminescence measurements shows that interdiffusion between the emissive and hole transport layers within the films occurs on thermal annealing. Interdiffusion occurs independent of dopant concentration or steric bulk of the EML components. Importantly, when held at relatively low temperatures, the EML materials are found to only partially diffuse into an adjacent charge transport layer. The movement of materials is found to correlate with the change in luminescence from the hole transport material and an initial enhancement of the emission from the iridium(III) dopant. The results provide an explanation for the burn‐in often observed for OLEDs as well as the need to change the driving characteristics over time to ensure that pixels can be held at the requisite brightness.
Utilizing Waste Cable Wires for High‐Performance Fiber‐Based Hybrid Supercapacitors: An Effective Approach to Electronic‐Waste Management
Authors: Nagaraju Goli , Sekhar S. Chandra , Yu Jae Su 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn recent years, electronic waste (e‐waste) such as old cable wires, fans, circuit boards, etc., can be often seen in large piles of leftover in dumping yards. Employing these e‐waste sources for energy storage devices not only increases the economic value but also decreases the reliance on fossil fuels. In this context, waste cable wires are utilized to obtain precious copper (Cu) fibers and used as a cost‐effective current collector for the fabrication of fiber‐based hybrid supercapacitor (FHSC). With the braided Cu fibers, forest‐like nickel oxide nanosheet grafted carbon nanotube coupled copper oxide nanowire arrays (NiO NSs@CNTs@CuO NWAs/Cu fibers) are designed via simple wet‐chemical approaches. As a battery‐type material, the forest‐like NiO NSs@CNTs@CuO NWAs/Cu fiber electrode shows superior electrochemical properties including high specific capacity (230.48 mA h g−1) and cycling stability (82.72%) in aqueous alkaline electrolyte. Moreover, a solid‐state FHSC is also fabricated using forest‐like NiO NSs@CNTs@CuO NWAs/Cu fibers as a positive electrode and activated carbon coated carbon fibers as a negative electrode with a gel electrolyte, which also shows a higher energy and power densities of 26.32 W h kg−1 and 1218.33 W kg−1, respectively. The flexible FHSC is further employed as an energy source for various electronic gadgets, demonstrating its suitability for wearable applications.
In vitro curcumin delivery and antibacterial activity of RuS2 and RuO2 nanoparticles loaded chitosan biopolymer
Authors: Kheirandish Shadi , Ghaedi Mehrorang , Dashtian Kheibar , Pourebrahim Faezeh , Jannesar Ramin , Pezeshkpour Vahid 
Published: October 2017

In this work, RuS2 and RuO2 nanoparticles loaded chitosan (Chitosan was extracted from Lobsters shells of Persian Gulf, IR. Iran) was prepared and characterized via FE‐SEM, EDS and FT‐IR analysis. FESEM showed the formation of spherical nanoparticles in size ranging of 20 to 100 mm. Subsequently, the role of these new materials as curcumin drug carrier and in vitro release of curcumin in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution (pH 7.4) were studied. RuS2‐NPs‐CS than to RuO2‐NPs‐CS showed higher drug loading efficiency (>91%) and rapid (<90 min) curcumin drug release in SBF solution. Also, antibacterial activity of RuS2‐NPs‐CS and RuO2‐NPs‐CS in presens and absence of Rosemary extracts against the gram negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO 1) was evaluated by detection of minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). MIC of RuS2‐NPs‐CS, RuO2‐NPs‐CS and Rosemary extracts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were found to be 50 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml and 1250 mg/ml, respectively. The synergistic effect of these materials for inhibition of PAO 1 growth showed that mixture of RuS2‐NPs‐CS and Rosemary extracts has a better efficiency than to other mixture materials.
Impact of subintimal plaque modification procedures on health status after unsuccessful chronic total occlusion angioplasty
Authors: Hirai Taishi , Grantham J. Aaron , Sapontis James , Cohen David J. , Marso Steven P. , Lombardi William , Karmpaliotis Dimitri , Moses Jeffrey , Nicholson William J. , Pershad Ashish , Wyman R. Michael , Spaedy Anthony , Cook Stephen , Doshi Parag , Federici Robert , Nugent Karen , Gosch Kensey L. , Spertus John A. , Salisbury Adam C. ,   OPEN CTO Study Group
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to determine the impact of subintimal plaque modification (SPM) on early health status following unsuccessful chronic total occlusion (CTO) PCI.BackgroundIntentionally dilating the subintimal space during unsuccessful CTO PCI to facilitate flow through dissection planes and improve success of repeat PCI attempts is a technique used by some hybrid operators, and may improve health status by restoring distal vessel flow despite unsuccessful CTO PCI.MethodsWe studied 138 patients who underwent unsuccessful CTO PCI in a 12‐center CTO PCI registry. Safety was assessed by comparing in‐hospital outcomes of patients undergoing unsuccessful CTO PCI with and without SPM. The association between SPM and health status was quantified using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire Summary Score (SAQ SS), and the association between SPM and SAQ SS was determined using multivariable regression.ResultsSPM was performed in 59 patients (42.8%). Complication rates were similar comparing those with and without SPM. At 1‐month, patients treated with SPM had larger increases in SAQ SS compared to patients who were not (28.3 ± 21.7 vs. 16.8 ±20.2, P = 0.012), and SPM was associated with an adjusted mean 10.5 point (95% CI 1.4–19.7, P = 0.02) greater SAQ SS improvement through 30 days.ConclusionSPM was performed in almost half of unsuccessful CTO PCIs and was not associated with increased procedural complications. SPM was independently associated with better patient‐reported health status at 30 days. Further studies are needed to assess the necessity of subsequent PCI in patients with significant health status improvements after SPM.
Clinical outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus treated with Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffolds: a subanalysis of the European Multicentre GHOST‐EURegistry
Authors: Capranzano Piera , Capodanno Davide , Brugaletta Salvatore , Latib Azeem , Mehilli Julinda , Nef Holger , Gori Tommaso , Lesiak Maciej , Geraci Salvatore , Pyxaras Stelios , Mattesini Alessio , Münzel Thomas , Araszkiewicz Aleksander , Caramanno Giuseppe , Naber Christoph , Di Mario Carlo , Sabatè Manel , Colombo Antonio , Wiebe Jens , Tamburino Corrado 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundData on the clinical performance of bioresorbable scaffolds in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are still limited. The present study reported 1‐year clinical outcomes associated with the use of everolimus‐eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (Absorb BVS; Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, CA) in DM patients.Methods and ResultsThis was a subanalysis from the GHOST‐EU (Gauging coronary Healing with biOresorbable Scaffolding plaTforms in Europe) multicenter retrospective registry including patients treated with Absorb BVS between November 2011 and September 2014. In this study, a comparative analysis stratified according to DM was performed. The primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF), defined as the combination of cardiac death, target‐vessel myocardial infarction (MI) and clinically‐driven target‐lesion revascularization (TLR). A total of 1,477 patients were treated with 2,224 Absorb BVS; 381 (25.8%) and 1,096 (74.2%) patients were with and without DM, respectively. The 1‐year rate of TLF was higher among patients with DM (7.8%) than those without DM (4.3%); the increase in TLF was driven by TLR (6.5% vs. 3.3%, P = 0.009); no significant differences in cardiac death (1.1% vs. 0.9%, P = 0.68) and target‐vessel MI (3.1% vs. 2.2%, P = 0.38) were observed, respectively. Definite/probable scaffold thrombosis rate tended to be higher among patients with DM than those without DM (3.0% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.14, respectively).ConclusionsAbsorb BVS use in patients with DM was associated with increased 1‐year TLF and scaffold thrombosis compared with non‐diabetes patients.
Chemical‐Free Pest Control by Means of Dielectric Heating with Radio Waves: Selective Heating
Authors: Kraus Markus , Holzer Frank , Hoyer Christian , Trommler Ulf , Kopinke Frank-Dieter , Roland Ulf 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDielectric heating with radio waves (RW) and microwaves is an alternative treatment to hazardous chemicals or hot air for pest control. RW can be used to heat large bulky materials homogeneously and smoothly to eliminate embedded pest organisms. Dielectric heating enables selective overheating of certain materials in a heterogeneous mixture. This feature of electromagnetic heating methods, in contrast to techniques based on thermal conduction, is caused by significant differences in the dielectric properties of pest organisms and matrix materials. This study proves unambiguously that selective heating of cylindrical pest organisms in wood matrices occurs under defined conditions. The selective heating effect strongly depends on the orientation of the pest organisms in the electric field.
Dinuclear Iron(II) Spin‐Crossover Compounds: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Phung Quan Manh , Domingo Alex , Pierloot Kristine 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe structures and spin‐state energetics of two di‐iron(II) complexes based on thiadiazole and oxadiazole ligands in different crystals were studied by using density functional theory and second‐order perturbation theory based on the density matrix renormalization group approach (DMRG‐CASPT2). When taking into account all different contributions to the relative energy, our theoretical approach is capable of providing results that are in excellent agreement with established experimental data. In all cases, we correctly describe the ground state of the complexes as well as predict their spin‐crossover behavior. A comparison between the two complexes in the gas phase and in different crystals shows how the structures change by moving from the gas phase to different crystals and reveals a large impact of the crystal stabilization on the relative spin‐state energy. This theoretical work also demonstrates the applicability of the DMRG‐CASPT2 approach to quantitatively study the spin‐state energetics of multinuclear transition‐metal complexes.
Amphiphilic Polymer‐Based Fluorescent Probe for Enantioselective Recognition of Amino Acids in Immiscible Water and Organic Phases
Authors: Nian Shifeng , Pu Lin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAtom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of N‐isopropylacrylamide was conducted in the presence of a 3,3′‐diformyl‐1,1′‐BINOL‐based diinitiator (BINOL=1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol) to give polymer (S)‐7, which was soluble in both water and common organic solvents. Polymer (S)‐7 in combination with Zn2+ in aqueous solution (BICINE buffer at pH 8.80) showed highly enantioselective fluorescence enhancement in the presence of a number of amino acids. It was found that chloroform can be used to extract the aqueous polymer–Zn2+–amino acid solution and the resulting chloroform extract maintained the highly enantioselective fluorescence response. Thus, the enantiomeric composition of a chiral amino acid can be determined in the two immiscible solvents of water and chloroform. The aqueous polymer–Zn2+–amino acid solution showed a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at 34 °C, above which the polymer–Zn2+–amino acid adduct precipitated out. Measuring the fluorescence of the precipitate redissolved in the aqueous buffer solution showed the retention of the high enantioselectivity. Both the chloroform extraction and the thermo‐induced precipitation have allowed the fluorescence response of the sensor toward amino acids to be measured away from the original substrate solution. These two strategies should minimize the interference by other reaction components on the fluorescence measurement when the sensor is applied to analyze the asymmetric reaction screening experiments.
2‐(Trimethylsilyl)‐λ3‐Phosphinine: Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry, and Reactivity
Authors: Habicht Marija H. , Wossidlo Friedrich , Bens Tobias , Pidko Evgeny A. , Müller Christian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between 2‐pyrone and Me3Si−C≡P gives the corresponding 2‐(trimethylsilyl)‐λ3‐phosphinine in good yields as a rather air and moisture stable, colorless oil. Insight into the regioselectivity of the pericyclic reaction was obtained with the help of deuterium‐labeling experiments. The silyl‐phosphinine acts as a ligand for the preparation of a Cu(I) and the first crystallographically characterized phosphinine‐Ag(I) complex. The title compound was further used as a starting material for an alternative preparation of the parent phosphinine C5H5P by means of protodesilylation with HCl. C5H5P reacts with CuBr⋅S(CH3)2 to give an infinite Cu(I)Br coordination polymer. DFT calculations shed light on the influence of the ‐Si(CH3)3 group on the electronic properties of the aromatic phosphorus heterocycle.