bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety aspects of hysteroscopy, specifically in relation to entry and specimen retrieval: a UK survey of practice
Authors: Walker S. H. , Gokhale L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to evaluate current practice amongst gynaecologists across the UK, regarding safety aspects of inpatient hysteroscopy under anaesthesia, specifically in relation to entry and specimen retrieval.A survey was created using survey monkey. The first round was circulated to all registrar trainees and consultant gynaecologists across Wales. Following a good response, the survey was then circulated to all members of the British Society of Gynaecological Endoscopy (BSGE).ResultsThere were 212 responses including, 140 consultants, 36 senior registrars, 17 junior registrars and 18 clinical nurse specialists. In total, 136 out of 212 (64.7%) always perform a vaginal examination prior to hysteroscopy. 10.4% always sound the uterus, and 5.2% always dilate the uterus prior to insertion of the hysteroscope. Twenty-three consultants, six senior registrars, three junior registrars and one clinical nurse specialist knew how to position the internal cervical os as visualised through the scope when using a 30° hysteroscope. 35.8% of candidates always perform a post-procedure cavity check, and 9% use suction to flush the cavity to aid vision during the post-procedure cavity check. The majority (76%) predicted dilatation as the stage most likely to cause uterine perforation and predicted the most likely site for perforation as the posterior uterine wall in the anteverted uterus and the anterior uterine wall in the retroverted uterus.ConclusionThis study highlights varied practice across the UK regarding safety aspects of hysteroscopy, in relation to entry and specimen retrieval. There is a need for increased awareness of the risks of hysteroscopy and paramount precautions that should be performed routinely as part of their practice. Standardised guidelines may be a beneficial tool to help bring about this change in practice, leading to a reduction in uterine perforation rates.
Diabetic Foot Australia guideline on footwear for people with diabetes
Authors: van Netten Jaap J. , Lazzarini Peter A. , Armstrong David G. , Bus Sicco A. , Fitridge Robert , Harding Keith , Kinnear Ewan , Malone Matthew , Menz Hylton B. , Perrin Byron M. , Postema Klaas , Prentice Jenny , Schott Karl‐Heinz , Wraight Paul R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this paper was to create an updated Australian guideline on footwear for people with diabetes.MethodsWe reviewed new footwear publications, (inter)national guidelines, and consensus expert opinion alongside the 2013 Australian footwear guideline to formulate updated recommendations.ResultWe recommend health professionals managing people with diabetes should: (1) Advise people with diabetes to wear footwear that fits, protects and accommodates the shape of their feet. (2) Advise people with diabetes to always wear socks within their footwear, in order to reduce shear and friction. (3) Educate people with diabetes, their relatives and caregivers on the importance of wearing appropriate footwear to prevent foot ulceration. (4) Instruct people with diabetes at intermediate‐ or high‐risk of foot ulceration to obtain footwear from an appropriately trained professional to ensure it fits, protects and accommodates the shape of their feet. (5) Motivate people with diabetes at intermediate‐ or high‐risk of foot ulceration to wear their footwear at all times, both indoors and outdoors. (6) Motivate people with diabetes at intermediate‐ or high‐risk of foot ulceration (or their relatives and caregivers) to check their footwear, each time before wearing, to ensure that there are no foreign objects in, or penetrating, the footwear; and check their feet, each time their footwear is removed, to ensure there are no signs of abnormal pressure, trauma or ulceration. (7) For people with a foot deformity or pre‐ulcerative lesion, consider prescribing medical grade footwear, which may include custom‐made in‐shoe orthoses or insoles. (8) For people with a healed plantar foot ulcer, prescribe medical grade footwear with custom‐made in‐shoe orthoses or insoles with a demonstrated plantar pressure relieving effect at high‐risk areas. (9) Review prescribed footwear every three months to ensure it still fits adequately, protects, and supports the foot. (10) For people with a plantar diabetic foot ulcer, footwear is not specifically recommended for treatment; prescribe appropriate offloading devices to heal these ulcers.ConclusionsThis guideline contains 10 key recommendations to guide health professionals in selecting the most appropriate footwear to meet the specific foot risk needs of an individual with diabetes.
Effects of three frequencies of self-monitored blood glucose on HbA1c and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes with once daily insulin and stable control: a randomized trial
Authors: Hortensius Johanna , Kleefstra Nanne , Landman Gijs W. D. , Houweling Bas T. , Groenier Klaas H. , van der Bijl Jaap J. , Bilo Henk 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Objective
The optimal frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with stable glycemic control is unknown. This study investigated effects of 3 frequencies of SMBG on glycemic control and quality of life after 9 months in patients using one long-acting insulin injection a day. In an open-label, multi-center, primary-care, parallel (1:1:1) randomized trial in the Netherlands including patients with T2DM, HbA1c ≤ 58 mmol/mol (≤ 7.5%), stable glycemic control, treated with one insulin injection daily, three frequencies of 4-point glucose measurements (before meals and bedtime) were weekly (n = 22), every 2 weeks (n = 16) and monthly (n = 20) were compared.

Results
A total of 58 patients with T2DM were included by 38 general practitioners, which was lower then anticipated. There were no significant between group differences in HbA1c (mmol/mol); group C compared to A and B; − 2.7 (95% CI − 6.4, 1.0) and − 1.0 (95% CI − 4.9, 3.0) and quality of life. Baring in mind the lower than anticipated inclusion rate, there were no significant differences in HbA1c and quality of life between three different frequencies of SMBG in patients with stable glycemic control using one long-acting insulin injection.
Trial registration NCT01460459, registered 10-2011, recruitment between 05-2011 and 12-2011
A state-of-the-art survey of malware detection approaches using data mining techniques
Authors: Souri Alireza , Hosseini Rahil 
Published: January 2018

AbstractData mining techniques have been concentrated for malware detection in the recent decade. The battle between security analyzers and malware scholars is everlasting as innovation grows. The proposed methodologies are not adequate while evolutionary and complex nature of malware is changing quickly and therefore turn out to be harder to recognize. This paper presents a systematic and detailed survey of the malware detection mechanisms using data mining techniques. In addition, it classifies the malware detection approaches in two main categories including signature-based methods and behavior-based detection. The main contributions of this paper are: (1) providing a summary of the current challenges related to the malware detection approaches in data mining, (2) presenting a systematic and categorized overview of the current approaches to machine learning mechanisms, (3) exploring the structure of the significant methods in the malware detection approach and (4) discussing the important factors of classification malware approaches in the data mining. The detection approaches have been compared with each other according to their importance factors. The advantages and disadvantages of them were discussed in terms of data mining models, their evaluation method and their proficiency. This survey helps researchers to have a general comprehension of the malware detection field and for specialists to do consequent examinations.
New Ecological Sympathies
Authors: Ballard Susan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
At the turn of the previous century Henri Bergson suggested that sympathy offered a way to understand interspecies relationships. Samuel Butler took Bergson’s ideas to an absurd extent by mixing them with readings of Charles Darwin and claiming a vital impulse for machines. By interspersing a story of humans and machines with insect life, Butler pointed to a broad imaginative web of interspecies and machinic relationships. Contemporary artists Pierre Huyghe, Ann Lislegaard, and Hayden Fowler use video and installation art to explore interspecies relationships in time and space. In very different ways Huyghe, Lislegaard, and Fowler use the art gallery to demonstrate how humans might sympathetically engage with ecological transformation, and thus the confronting possibility of our own extinction.
In looking back at Bergson and Butler through contemporary art, I suggest that the art gallery gives us a sympathetic space in which we can encounter the knowledges of Bergson and Darwin, temper them with the imaginings of Butler, and ground them with the transformative living machines created by Huyghe, Lislegaard, and Fowler. By entering the spaces of the art gallery and locating ourselves in the place of others, sympathy read alongside machinic evolution suggests a new approach to the ecological disaster of species extinction.
The Alexandrian Library of Life
Authors: Sayre Gordon M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn the last quarter-century many scientific, environmental, and popular publications have used a metaphor comparing species extinction and the loss of biodiversity in the modern era to the destruction of the ancient Library of Alexandria in Egypt more than 1,500 years ago. The rhetorical figure is characteristic of the environmental humanities, for it invokes the value of cultural and literary treasures to reinforce the importance of biological diversity. This article traces the origins of the metaphor to related figures of The Book of Life and to the figure of genetic information as a textual code. The Alexandrian Library of Life caught hold in the late 1980s and early 1990s, when concern about biodiversity and the destruction of tropical rainforests coincided with developments in gene sequencing, the Human Genome Project, and the growth of Internet communications and electronic library collections. Scientists and environmentalists at that time sensed both the promise of unprecedented access to bio-information and the threat of lost knowledge through species extinction. The popularity of the metaphor conceals several weaknesses, however. Living species, even using the methods of gene sequencing, cannot be archived or copied like texts, and the impulse to do so reflects imperialist efforts to appropriate and control knowledge, as several empires attempted to do at Alexandria during the library’s long history. The metaphor of a species as a book, represented in the library by one specimen or copy, obscures the fact that the Alexandrian library consisted of manuscripts, not print books. In essence, species may be more like manuscripts than books after all.
On the Plausibility of Intelligent Life on Other Worlds
Authors: Dunér David 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe apprehension of the last three factors of the Drake equation, fi · fc · L, is misguided or at least not very well examined. This article scrutinizes the underlying suppositions involved in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) research. What is meant by “intelligence,” “technology,” and “civilization”? What makes them possible, and how do they evolve? The present examination aims to arrive at a more well-founded search for extraterrestrial intelligence that takes into account current research within cognitive science, the history of technology, and the history of socialization. What we need is a cognitive-semiotic approach to the extent, distribution, and evolution of extraterrestrial intelligence. The three variables fi · fc · L concern how an extraterrestrial biosphere evolves cognitively flexible organisms that, through a biocultural coevolution, acquire an increasing capability to manipulate the surrounding environment for the purpose of transferring shared mental states. In addition, this has to last for a period of time long enough to coincide with the relatively brief existence of Homo sapiens sapiens.
Biocompatible Batteries—Materials and Chemistry, Fabrication, Applications, and Future Prospects
Authors: Stauss Sven , Honma Itaru 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Energy storage systems for powering electronic medical implants and sensors are essentially based on conventional electrode materials and electrolytes. Because of their toxicity, these battery systems need special encapsulation, which leads to bulky devices. Batteries based on biocompatible electrodes and electrolytes overcome these limitations and hold promise as viable alternatives for powering medical implants and devices. The present review aims at giving an overview of possible battery systems and current performance. It also gives a summary of battery architectures and their fabrication, with a focus on potential miniaturization. Advances in biocompatible batteries are expected to have not only a large impact on electronic medical implants and point-of-care monitoring systems, but also for environmental sensing and transient electronics.
New UiO-66/CuxS Heterostructures: Surface Functionalization Synthesis and Their Application in Photocatalytic Degradation of RhB
Authors: Ma Xiaoyue , Lou Yongbing , Chen Jinxi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their heterostructures have been considered as suitable materials for photodegradation of organic pollutants in water treatment. In this work, a series of UiO-66/CuxS composites with different CuxS contents were prepared by using 3-mercaptopropionic acid as a surface-functionalizing agent to anchor CuxS nanoparticles onto UiO-66 surface. The as-synthesized UiO-66/CuxS composites were characterized by using XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, UV-Vis, PL and the possible growth mechanism of the heterostructure composites was proposed. The UiO-66/CuxS composites were successfully used as photocatalysts for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible-light irradiation. Noticeably, the photocatalytic efficiency of UiO-66/CuxS composites could be tuned by changing Cu/Zr molar ratios. The enhanced photocatalytic activity could be attributed to the synergistic effect between CuxS nanoparticles and UiO-66 frameworks materials. This study provided useful information for the preparation of MOF/semiconductor heterostructure photocatalysts via the surface functionalization method.
A comparison between DACC with chlorhexidine acetate-soaked paraffin gauze and foam dressing for skin graft donor sites
Authors: Lee Jun Won , Park Seong Hoon , Suh In Suck , Jeong Hii Sun 
Published: January 2018

Objective: Retrograde infections often occur with excessive or incomplete drainage of exudate, or as a result of adherence of dressings to wounds. Dialkylcarbamoyl chloride (DACC) irreversibly binds to bacterial surfaces and physically removes bacteria when dressings are changed. Chlorhexidine acetate-soaked paraffin gauze provides a moist wound-healing environment. We hypothesise that when DACC is combined with chlorhexidine acetate-soaked paraffin gauze, wound healing times decrease. Method: From January 2013 to June 2015, medical records were retrospectively evaluated in 60 patients who underwent split-thickness skin grafts (STSG). Patients were divided into two groups: a ‘thick skin group’ and a ‘thin skin group’. These two groups were further subdivided into a control group, where conventional foam dressings were applied to wounds, and an experimental group, where chlorhexidine acetate-soaked paraffin gauze with DACC was applied (DACC group). We compared the wound healing time between these subgroups. Differences in infected wound healing times were also compared. The Mann-Whitney test was applied to compare wound healing times between groups. Results: Epithelialisation duration was significantly shorter in the DACC group. The control group had longer wound healing times, regardless of wound size. In the thick skin group, the median healing duration was 12 days in the control subgroup, compared with 9.5 days in the DACC subgroup (p=0.049). In the thin skin subgroup, the median healing duration in the control group was 18 days, compared with 10 days in the DACC subgroup (p=0.013). Conclusion: Application of DACC and chlorhexidine acetate-soaked paraffin gauze to skin graft donor sites can shorten healing times and is effective in treating infected wounds.
Pyoderma gangrenosum demographics, treatments, and outcomes: an analysis of 2,273 cases
Authors: Sasor Sarah E. , Soleimani Tahereh , Chu Michael W. , Cook Julia A. , Nicksic Peter J. , Tholpady Sunil S. 
Published: January 2018

Objective: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare, neutrophil-mediated, auto-inflammatory dermatosis. This condition has clinical features analogous to infectious processes and must be quickly diagnosed to be properly treated. The purpose of this study was to characterise relevant clinical features associated with pyoderma gangrenosum based on a large inpatient cohort. Method: The National Inpatient Sample (US) was used to identify patients with the diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum using ICD-9 diagnosis code 686.01, during the years 2008–2010. Data was collected on demographics, associated diagnoses, treatments and outcomes. Data analysis was performed using SAS 9.3 software. Results: A total of 2,273 adult patients were identified with pyoderma gangrenosum. Mean age was 56 years; 66.4% were female; 71.1% were Caucasian. Pyoderma gangrenosum was the primary diagnosis in 22.6% of patients, followed by cellulitis (9.4%), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (6.9%), wound/ulcer (5.4%), sepsis (4.7%), and postoperative infection/complication (2.7%). The most common procedures performed were wound debridement (5.3%), skin biopsy (5.1%), esophagogastroduodenoscopy (2%), large bowel biopsy (1.9%), and incision and drainage (1.1%). A total of 74 patients (3.2%) died during hospitalisation. Conclusion: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a serious skin condition, frequently associated with systemic disease, and often confused with other skin pathergies. Pyoderma gangrenosum should be considered when evaluating patients with ulcers, wounds, and post-operative complications. A high index of suspicion is necessary for early and accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment.
Acute Toxicity and Genotoxic Activity of Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) Herb Ethanolic Extract
Authors: Rumiyati Rumiyati , Muna Laili Nailul , Hidayati Devi Nisa , Jenie Riris Istighfari 
Published: January 2018

Previous studies showed that Leunca herb ethanolic extract (LHE) has cytotoxic activity in several cancer cell lines such as HepG2 and HT-29. The extract also demonstrated as potential agent to be developed as co-chemotherapeutic in combination with doxorubicin and cisplatin. The combination is supposed to reduce occurance of cell resistance and toxicity towards normal cell. In order to verify safety before being applied to human, toxicological and genotoxic evaluation of the extract is important to be done. This research was therefore aimed to investigate acute toxicity and genotoxic activity of LHE. The acute toxicity study was carried out in three groups of 5 mice that was orally administrated by LHE at different doses consisting 300, 2000 and 5000 mg/kgBW. Mortality and sign of toxicity were observed during 7 days. Genotoxic activity was carried out using Mononuclear Polychromatic Erythrosite (MNPCE) assay at a doses range of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kgBW. Cyclophosphamide (CYP) at the dose of 50 mg/kg was used as positive control. The result showed that LHE did not cause lethal effect on animal model up to doses of 5000 mg/kgBW. However, toxicity signs were found in animal model on day 0-6 of the observation. LHE had lower genotoxic activity compared to cyclophosphamide at the doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. The low genotoxic activity and acute toxicity of LHE suggested that the extract might be safe to be used as medicine.Keywords: leunca herb ethanolic extract, genotoxicity, acute toxicity
The Effect of Co-Administration of Telang Leaves Ethanolic Extract Towards Fluoxetin’s Sedative Effect on Male Balb/C Mice Based on Sleeping Duration Parameter
Authors: Artanti Anif Nur , Ulfah Maria 
Published: January 2018

One of Telang plant’s advantages is its activity as sedative agent. Previous studies indicate that Telang plant has anticonvulsant activity on mice at certain dose. This study was conducted to find out the sedative effect of Telang plant, particularly its leaf, when being co-administered with fluoxetin. Phytochemical analysis was carried out qualitatively on Telang ethanolic extract leaves (TEE) to find out the content of chemical compound first.This study was an experimental research with post-test only control group design, employing male balb/c mice. The effect of Telang ethanolic extract co-administration with fluoxetin was observed. The parameter being used in the study was the duration of sleep. Analysis was done by comparing mice sleeping duration prior to administration of fluoxetin alone and in combination with Telang ethanolic extract. The data was then analyzed using SPSS 17.0 for Windows.The results showed that TEE contained tannin, saponin, and flavonoid compounds, and co-administration of TEE and fluoxetin at various doses could provide sedative effect on mice. The co-administration of 400 mg/kgBW extract and 15 mg/kgBW fluoxetin could provide the mean sleeping duration 43 minutes longer than positive control.Keywords: telang leaves ethanol extract, fluoxetin, sleeping duration
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb Rhizome, Morinda Citrifolia Fruit and Apium graveolens Leaf on Lipopplysaccharide-induce RAW 264.7 Cell Lines
Authors: Andrina Siska , Churiyah Churiyah , Nuralih Nuralih 
Published: January 2018

Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb., Morinda citrifolia and Apium graveolens are Indonesian plants which have been used in traditional medicine as an antihelmintic, antimicrobial, antiinflammation and antioxidant. In this study, the antiinflammatory activity of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. rhizome, Morinda citrifolia fruit and Apium graveolens leaf extract was investigated. All of extract was prepared by maceration with ethanol 70% and treated for antiinflammatory effect by using inducible-nitric oxide secretion measurement on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - induce macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. We used three concentration of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. rhizome and Apium graveolens leaf extract at 25 ppm; 50 ppm; 100 ppm while for Morinda citrifolia fruit extract with 50 ppm; 100 ppm; 200 ppm. This study revealed that rhizome of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. and fruit of Morinda citrifolia extract inhibited inducible-nitric oxide synthesis with highest value of 84.2% at 25 ppm and 85,71% at 100 ppm in cells. However, leaf of Apium graveolens extract showed low inhibition with highest values of 18,85% at 100 ppm. This study demonstrates the potential of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. rhizome and Morinda citrifolia fruit as antiinflammatory agents.Keywords: Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb., Apium graveolens, Morinda citrifolia, antiinflammation, inducible-nitric oxide, lipopolysaccharide-induce macrophage RAW 264.7 cells