bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
praja2 regulates KSR1 stability and mitogenic signaling
Authors: Rinaldi L , Delle Donne R , Sepe M , Porpora M , Garbi C , Chiuso F , Gallo A , Parisi S , Russo L , Bachmann V , Huber R G , Stefan E , Russo T , Feliciello A 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (KSR1) has a fundamental role in mitogenic signaling by scaffolding components of the Ras/MAP kinase pathway. In response to Ras activation, KSR1 assembles a tripartite kinase complex that optimally transfers signals generated at the cell membrane to activate ERK. We describe a novel mechanism of ERK attenuation based on ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of KSR1. Stimulation of membrane receptors by hormones or growth factors induced KSR1 polyubiquitination, which paralleled a decline of ERK1/2 signaling. We identified praja2 as the E3 ligase that ubiquitylates KSR1. We showed that praja2-dependent regulation of KSR1 is involved in the growth of cancer cells and in the maintenance of undifferentiated pluripotent state in mouse embryonic stem cells. The dynamic interplay between the ubiquitin system and the kinase scaffold of the Ras pathway shapes the activation profile of the mitogenic cascade. By controlling KSR1 levels, praja2 directly affects compartmentalized ERK activities, impacting on physiological events required for cell proliferation and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency.
A two-step approach to achieve secondary amide transamidation enabled by nickel catalysis
Authors: Baker Emma L. , Yamano Michael M. , Zhou Yujing , Anthony Sarah M. , Garg Neil K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA long-standing challenge in synthetic chemistry is the development of the transamidation reaction. This process, which involves the conversion of one amide to another, is typically plagued by unfavourable kinetic and thermodynamic factors. Although some advances have been made with regard to the transamidation of primary amide substrates, secondary amide transamidation has remained elusive. Here we present a simple two-step approach that allows for the elusive overall transformation to take place using non-precious metal catalysis. The methodology proceeds under exceptionally mild reaction conditions and is tolerant of amino-acid-derived nucleophiles. In addition to overcoming the classic problem of secondary amide transamidation, our studies expand the growing repertoire of new transformations mediated by base metal catalysis.
The effect of acid–base clustering and ions on the growth of atmospheric nano-particles
Authors: Lehtipalo Katrianne , Rondo Linda , Kontkanen Jenni , Schobesberger Siegfried , Jokinen Tuija , Sarnela Nina , Kürten Andreas , Ehrhart Sebastian , Franchin Alessandro , Nieminen Tuomo , Riccobono Francesco , Sipilä Mikko , Yli-Juuti Taina , Duplissy Jonathan , Adamov Alexey , Ahlm Lars , Almeida João , Amorim Antonio , Bianchi Federico , Breitenlechner Martin , Dommen Josef , Downard Andrew J. , Dunne Eimear M. , Flagan Richard C. , Guida Roberto , Hakala Jani , Hansel Armin , Jud Werner , Kangasluoma Juha , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Keskinen Helmi , Kim Jaeseok , Kirkby Jasper , Kupc Agnieszka , Kupiainen-Määttä Oona , Laaksonen Ari , Lawler Michael J. , Leiminger Markus , Mathot Serge , Olenius Tinja , Ortega Ismael K. , Onnela Antti , Petäjä Tuukka , Praplan Arnaud , Rissanen Matti P. , Ruuskanen Taina , Santos Filipe D. , Schallhart Simon , Schnitzhofer Ralf , Simon Mario , Smith James N. , Tröstl Jasmin , Tsagkogeorgas Georgios , Tomé António , Vaattovaara Petri , Vehkamäki Hanna , Vrtala Aron E. , Wagner Paul E. , Williamson Christina , Wimmer Daniela , Winkler Paul M. , Virtanen Annele , Donahue Neil M. , Carslaw Kenneth S. , Baltensperger Urs , Riipinen Ilona , Curtius Joachim , Worsnop Douglas R. , Kulmala Markku 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe growth of freshly formed aerosol particles can be the bottleneck in their survival to cloud condensation nuclei. It is therefore crucial to understand how particles grow in the atmosphere. Insufficient experimental data has impeded a profound understanding of nano-particle growth under atmospheric conditions. Here we study nano-particle growth in the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoors Droplets) chamber, starting from the formation of molecular clusters. We present measured growth rates at sub-3 nm sizes with different atmospherically relevant concentrations of sulphuric acid, water, ammonia and dimethylamine. We find that atmospheric ions and small acid-base clusters, which are not generally accounted for in the measurement of sulphuric acid vapour, can participate in the growth process, leading to enhanced growth rates. The availability of compounds capable of stabilizing sulphuric acid clusters governs the magnitude of these effects and thus the exact growth mechanism. We bring these observations into a coherent framework and discuss their significance in the atmosphere.
Multisensory effects on somatosensation: a trimodal visuo-vestibular-tactile interaction
Authors: Kaliuzhna Mariia , Ferrè Elisa Raffaella , Herbelin Bruno , Blanke Olaf , Haggard Patrick 
Published: May 2016

AbstractVestibular information about self-motion is combined with other sensory signals. Previous research described both visuo-vestibular and vestibular-tactile bilateral interactions, but the simultaneous interaction between all three sensory modalities has not been explored. Here we exploit a previously reported visuo-vestibular integration to investigate multisensory effects on tactile sensitivity in humans. Tactile sensitivity was measured during passive whole body rotations alone or in conjunction with optic flow, creating either purely vestibular or visuo-vestibular sensations of self-motion. Our results demonstrate that tactile sensitivity is modulated by perceived self-motion, as provided by a combined visuo-vestibular percept and not by the visual and vestibular cues independently. We propose a hierarchical multisensory interaction that underpins somatosensory modulation: visual and vestibular cues are first combined to produce a multisensory self-motion percept. Somatosensory processing is then enhanced according to the degree of perceived self-motion.
AhR signaling activation disrupts migration and dendritic growth of olfactory interneurons in the developing mouse
Authors: Kimura Eiki , Ding Yunjie , Tohyama Chiharu 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPerinatal exposure to a low level of dioxin, a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, has been shown to induce abnormalities in learning and memory, emotion and sociality in laboratory animals later in adulthood. However, how aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling activation disrupts the higher brain function remains unclear. Therefore, we studied the possible effects of excessive activation of AhR signaling on neurodevelopmental processes, such as cellular migration and neurite growth, in mice. To this end, we transfected a constitutively active-AhR plasmid into stem cells in the lateral ventricle by in vivo electroporation on postnatal day 1. Transfection was found to induce tangential migration delay and morphological abnormalities in neuronal precursors in the rostral migratory stream at 6 days post-electroporation (dpe) as well as disrupt radial migration in the olfactory bulb and apical and basal dendritic growth of the olfactory interneurons in the granule cell layer at 13 and 20 dpe. These results suggest that the retarded development of interneurons by the excessive AhR signaling may at least in part explain the dioxin-induced abnormal behavioral alterations previously reported in laboratory animals.
Introduction: Philosophy and Child Poverty
Authors: Schweiger Gottfried , Graf Gunter 
Published: May 2016

AbstractChild poverty is surely one of the most severe problems in today’s world and undoubtedly an ethical issue that needs to be tackled. It is hard to find anyone who argues against the claim that children should not be poor and that we should do something about that. But if we go beyond these obvious truths and dig deeper, we will find many unanswered questions spanning different disciplines, including conceptual, empirical and — as we will particularly argue in this book — normative questions. Child poverty is first and foremost an issue of social sciences, and most publications and studies on this topic belong to that field. But due to its wide-ranging consequences, disciplines such as medicine and psychology are also concerned with it, and more and more researchers acknowledge that such a complex phenomenon must be investigated based on a multidisciplinary approach. Furthermore, it is a highly relevant political topic, and the fight against child poverty is part of the agenda of national and international politicians alike. The reduction of child poverty was part of the Millennium Goals, it will certainly be a goal in the post-2015 agenda, and it is included in the Europe 2020 strategy of the European Union, as well as in countless national action plans or policies.
Responsibilities for Children in Poverty
Authors: Schweiger Gottfried , Graf Gunter 
Published: May 2016

AbstractChildren in poverty are the victims of severe injustices. They suffer from deprivations in important functionings and live, thus, in a state of avoidable ill-being and of an increased likelihood of ill-becoming. In this chapter, we will now turn our attention to the question of who is responsible for securing justice for children in poverty and why. We want to examine this question in more detail than just stating that the state and its institutions are responsible or that taking care of children is primarily a task for the family. We would like to go beyond such simplified answers and show what kind of responsibilities persons, collectively and individually, and institutions, the state and other ones, have and for what reasons. The capability approach in general has not dealt often with these questions, being first and foremost a theory about the information that should be used in comparative quality-of-life assessments. It has in particular not engaged with questions of personal responsibility to achieve functionings and capabilities or for closing the door on some of them because of bad choices. Ingrid Robeyns has made the same observation and traced it back to the focus of the capability approach on global and severe poverty.
Advancing Our Approach to Global Justice for Children
Authors: Schweiger Gottfried , Graf Gunter 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSo far, we have outlined a concept of social justice for children in welfare states and criticized child poverty within them as unjust. We have argued that different agents are responsible for securing justice for these children and that the respective extent of their responsibility can be determined, at least approximately, using different criteria relating to the capacities of these actors and their role in the causation of child poverty, as well as their relation to the child and her living condition. The state and its institutions — education system, health care, social protection services and so on — are obviously the most important agents in this respect: as they possess metaresponsibility, they should enforce, if necessary, the responsibility of other agents. We have already discussed the international and global level briefly, acknowledging that it is of importance. We have argued, however, that we view the state and its institutions as the primary agent in the case of child poverty in modern welfare states — they are still strong enough and have plenty of opportunities to shape their own institutions and societies. Still, child poverty in welfare states is more likely to be alleviated and eradicated if the international and global structures within which these states have to act and by which their opportunities and institutions are influenced also change. Nevertheless, welfare states can do much about child poverty even under the present unjust global structure.
Quantifying air-sea gas exchange using noble gases in a coastal upwelling zone
Authors: Manning C C , Stanley R H R , Nicholson D P , Squibb M E 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The diffusive and bubble-mediated components of air-sea gas exchange can be quantified separately using time-series measurements of a suite of dissolved inert gases. We have evaluated the performance of four published air-sea gas exchange parameterizations using a five-day time-series of dissolved He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe concentration in Monterey Bay, CA. We constructed a vertical model including surface air-sea gas exchange and vertical diffusion. Diffusivity was measured throughout the cruise from profiles of turbulent microstructure. We corrected the mixed layer gas concentrations for an upwelling event that occurred partway through the cruise. All tested parameterizations gave similar results for Ar, Kr, and Xe; their air-sea fluxes were dominated by diffusive gas exchange during our study. For He and Ne, which are less soluble, and therefore more sensitive to differences in the treatment of bubble-mediated exchange, the parameterizations gave widely different results with respect to the net gas exchange flux and the bubble flux. This study demonstrates the value of using a suite of inert gases, especially the lower solubility ones, to parameterize air-sea gas exchange.
Using genetic algorithms to improve support vector regression in the analysis of atomic spectra of lubricant oils
Authors: Fernandez-Lozano Carlos , Cedrón Francisco , Rivero Daniel , Dorado Julian , Andrade-Garda José Manuel , Pazos Alejandro , Gestal Marcos 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to assess the quality of commercial lubricant oils. A spectroscopic method was used in combination with multivariate regression techniques (ordinary multivariate multiple regression, principal components analysis, partial least squares, and support vector regression (SVR)).

Design/methodology/approach
– The rationale behind the use of SVR was the fuzzy characteristics of the signal and its inherent ability to find nonlinear, global solutions in highly complex dimensional input spaces. Thus, SVR allows extracting useful information from calibration samples that makes it possible to characterize physical-chemical properties of the lubricant oils.

Findings
– A dataset of 42 spectra measured from oil standards was studied to assess the concentration of copper into the oils and, thus, evaluate the wearing of the machinery. It was found that the use of SVR was very advantageous to get a regression model.

Originality/value
– The use of genetic algorithms coupled to SVR was considered in order to reduce the time needed to find the optimal parameters required to get a suitable prediction model.
A solution of transient rolling contact with velocity dependent friction by the explicit finite element method
Authors: Zhao Xin , Li Zili 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop a numerical approach to solve the transient rolling contact problem with the consideration of velocity dependent friction.

Design/methodology/approach
– A three dimensional (3D) transient FE model is developed in elasticity by the explicit finite element method. Contact solutions with a velocity dependent friction law are compared in detail to those with the Coulomb’s friction law (i.e. a constant coefficient of friction).

Findings
– The FE solutions confirm the negligible influence of the dependence on the normal contact. Hence, analysis is focussed on the tangential solutions under different friction exploitation levels. In the trailing part of the contact patch where micro-slip occurs, very high-frequency oscillations are excited in the tangential plane by the velocity dependent friction. This is similar to the non-uniform sliding or tangential oscillations observed in sliding contact. Consequently, the micro-slip distribution varies greatly with time. However, the surface shear stress distribution is quite stable at different instants, even though it significantly changes with the employed friction model.

Originality/value
– This paper proposes an approach to solve the transient rolling contact problem with the consideration of velocity dependent friction. Such a problem was usually solved in the literature by the simplified contact algorithms, with which detailed contact solutions could not be obtained, or with the assumption of steady rolling.
Afghan refugees’ experience of Iran’s health service delivery
Authors: Heydari Abbas , Amiri Rana , Nayeri Nahid Dehghan , AboAli Vedadhir 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore experiences of Afghan refugees from health service delivery in Mashhad, Iran.Design/methodology/approach– This is a descriptive study with contextual and qualitative design. Semi-structured interview conducted with 19 Afghan refugees and their caregivers and a focus group session were held with Afghan medical science students. Purposive sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were analysed by qualitative content analysis of Graneheim and Lundman. Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were implemented to ensure trustworthiness.Findings– The results with the core concept of “position of immigrants in the health system” were presented at four themes of “perceived discrimination”, “snowed with loneliness”, “feeling inferior”, and “gratitude”.Research limitations/implications– This study has some implications for researchers and practitioners. The present study is the first study that was done on the health of Afghan refugees in Iran, therefore it can be a ground for further research. In addition, it has valuable results regarding the Afghan immigrants’ experience of health care system of Iran.Practical implications– It can be useful for improving the condition of immigrants in Iran and for improving Iran’s health system. In order to improve the health system in Iran, authorities should pay much attention to transcultural caring and needs of minorities. Furthermore, health workers should be trained to appropriately take care of all patients, without prejudice.Originality/value– Overall the study revealed that there is inequity in access to health services among Afghan refugees in Iran. The findings, although not generalized, offer important insights into health care providers in Iran which should be delivering health service without prejudice. The authors recommended that policies of public medical insurance and assistance programme should be implemented for providing affordable health care services for Afghan refugees.
Mental health problems among youth in India and its correlates
Authors: Gaur Kirti , Ram Usha 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to assess the prevalence and socio-economic determinants of common mental disorders among youth in India.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study utilizes data from “Youth in India: Situation and Needs 2006-2007”. One-way analysis of variance is used to compare different groups. Poisson regression models are used to test the relationship of household, parental, and individual factors with mental health problems.

Findings
– An estimated 11-31 million youth suffer from reported mental health problems in India. Results suggest that the household and individual factors like place of residence, wealth quintile, age, education, and occupation are the most important determinants of mental health problems among Indian youth. Parental factors lose their statistical significance once individual factors are controlled.

Research limitations/implications
– Little is known about correlates of mental health among youth. Strengthening on-going programmes and creating awareness about mental health issues through various programmes may help improve scenario. The two limitations of the study are: first, data covering all the states would have given a broader and clear picture of the issue; and second, due to cross-sectional nature of the data the study is not able to look into the cause-effect relationship.

Originality/value
– There are few studies which have explored mental health problems covering smaller areas in India. This is the first and the largest study conducted on a representative population of Indian youth to determine the correlates of reported mental health problems using General Health Questionnaire-12.
Combination of importance-performance analysis and response surface methodology for enhancing satisfaction
Authors: Pak Ro Jin 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– In order to know how to enhance the satisfaction of online courses in preparing for the college entrance examination in Korea, the purpose of this paper is to combine both the importance-performance analysis (IPA) and the response surface methodology (RSM).

Design/methodology/approach
– IPA is a simple but powerful tool for understanding the current status of factors or attributes in management problems. However, it lacks to provide the proper indication of what to do next on those factors or attributes to optimize a goal. RSM is a statistical tool helping us to set up a direction of factors or attributes in optimizing an output. The author attempts to combine both IPA and RSM in order to discover the next step after IPA for optimizing the goal. As an example, the author considers how to enhance the satisfaction of online courses in preparing for the college entrance examination in Korea.

Findings
– The combination of IPA and RSM enables us to find a way to attain a goal, for example, satisfying customers in a concrete and creative way.

Research limitations/implications
– Sample size is enough for research purpose but is a bit small for general purpose.

Practical implications
– This research tries to answer what to do next after IPA.

Social implications
– This research provides a predictive guide to satisfy customers.

Originality/value
– As far as the author knows, combining both IPA and RSM has not been made so far. It is a fusion of managerial and engineering techniques.
NHDPlusHR: A National Geospatial Framework for Surface‐Water Information
Authors: Viger Roland J. , Rea Alan , Simley Jeffrey D. , Hanson Karen M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe U.S. Geological Survey is developing a new geospatial hydrographic framework for the United States, called the National Hydrography Dataset Plus High Resolution (NHDPlusHR), that integrates a diversity of the best‐available information, robustly supports ongoing dataset improvements, enables hydrographic generalization to derive alternate representations of the network while maintaining feature identity, and supports modern scientific computing and Internet accessibility needs. This framework is based on the High Resolution National Hydrography Dataset, the Watershed Boundaries Dataset, and elevation from the 3‐D Elevation Program, and will provide an authoritative, high precision, and attribute‐rich geospatial framework for surface‐water information for the United States. Using this common geospatial framework will provide a consistent basis for indexing water information in the United States, eliminate redundancy, and harmonize access to, and exchange of water information.