bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pneumatic Piston Control Optimization
Authors: Szakács Tamás , Khalifa Naim 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Piston control can be applied to regulate position, speed, acceleration, and force. The primary distinction between pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders lies in the working fluid: hydraulic systems utilize practically incompressible fluid, whereas pneumatic systems use compressible gas. Consequently, hydraulic cylinders offer more precise control over position and speed. In contrast, pneumatic cylinders are more influenced by external loads. However, pneumatic systems are simpler, more cost-effective than hydraulic systems, and more commonly used in laboratories, workshops, and production lines. They are typically employed for end-to-end motions [1] without requiring precise position control within the stroke. If a method to control pneumatic cylinders for intermediate positions within the stroke were developed, their application could be significantly expanded. In the paper titled “Pneumatic Piston Control Modelling and Optimization,” a method for controlling pneumatic pistons for industrial applications is presented [2]. Since then, the initial modelling has been further developed through practical experiments and fine-tuning. This paper summarizes the modelling efforts and introduces the experimental results.
Experimental investigations of the wear behaviour of railway brake block raw materials
Authors: Felhő Csaba , Hegedűs György , Kuzsella László , Voith Katalin , Drees Dirk 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Passenger and freight transport by rail is gaining ground not only in Europe, but in many countries around the world. At the same time, due to the increased traffic, the need to investigate the effects of rail transport on the environment and to reduce the harmful effects is also increasing. One of the recurring problems is the reduction of the noise that occurs during the braking of railway cars, as well as the mitigation of particles released during braking and, as a result, the reduction of their health-damaging effects. In more and more European countries, the so-called Noise Differentiated Track Access Charges (NDTAC) is being introduced, where the cost depends on the amount of noise emitted during braking. For this reason, the examination of the friction conditions of the materials used in railway brakes and the finding of materials with the most favourable properties is a priority area of research. In this paper, the initial investigations of a recently started research project on the subject are presented, the aim of which is to develop and test new layered composite materials that may be used in the future to produce railway brake blocks. The paper presents the main objectives of the project, the principles, and tools of the friction tests to be applied, as well as the test measurements carried out, during which the friction characteristics of copper alloy and aluminium control materials along with the currently used cast iron and composite brake blocks were examined.
Determination of the load capacity of aluminium structural profiles by calculation and measurement
Authors: Besenyei István , Bihari Zoltán , Mikó Tamás 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aluminium profilés for méchanical énginééring aré oné of thé most popular construction éléménts in thé fiéld of méchanical énginééring today. Thanks to théir vérsatilé appéarancé and éasy installation, théy aré thé préférréd choicé for many industrial applications. Théy aré mainly uséd as building éléménts for various framé structurés and framés. For thésé applications, it would bé good to know thé actual load capacity of thé profilés
Proportional scintillation in liquid xenon: demonstration in a single-phase liquid-only time projection chamber
Authors: Tönnies Florian , Brown Adam , Kiyim Baris , Kuger Fabian , Lindemann Sebastian , Meinhardt Patrick , Schumann Marc , Stevens Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The largest direct dark matter search experiments to date employ dual-phase time projection chambers (TPCs) with liquid noble gas targets. These detect both the primary photons generated by particle interactions in the liquid target, as well as proportional secondary scintillation light created by the ionization electrons in a strong electric field in the gas phase between the liquid-gas interface and the anode.
In this work, we describe the detection of charge signals in a small-scale single-phase liquid-xenon-only TPC, that features the well-established TPC geometry with light readout above and below a cylindrical target. In the single-phase TPC, the proportional scintillation light (S2) is generated in liquid xenon in close proximity to 10 μm diameter anode wires.
The detector was characterized and the proportional scintillation process was studied using the 32.1 keV and 9.4 keV signals from 83mKr decays.
A charge gain factor g
2 of up to (1.9 ± 0.3) PE/electron was reached at an anode voltage 4.4 kV higher than the gate electrode 5 mm below it, corresponding to (29 ± 6) photons emitted per ionization electron.
The duration of S2 signals is dominated by electron diffusion and approaches the xenon de-excitation timescale for very short electron drift times.
The electron drift velocity and the longitudinal diffusion constant were measured at a drift field of 470 V/cm. The results agree with the literature and demonstrate that a single-phase TPC can be operated successfully.
Compound extreme climate events intensify yield anomalies of winter wheat in France
Authors: Shan Baoying , De Baets Bernard , Verhoest Niko E C 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Compound extreme climate events (ECEs) are increasingly recognized for their potential to exacerbate food insecurity risks beyond those posed by isolated events. The notion of ‘compound event’ encompasses not only co-occurring ECEs but also multiple ECEs across (different) growth stages (mECEs). The additional effects of these mECEs on crop yield, particularly considering various types of ECEs and regional scales, remain poorly understood. To close this knowledge gap, we consider droughts, pluvials, heatwaves, and coldwaves, and further identify which types of compound events have additional effects on winter wheat yield in France, using statistical methods and datasets encompassing 94 counties over a 68-year period. Our results indicate co-occurring drought heatwaves in summer and spring, along with co-occurring pluvial heatwaves and pluvial coldwaves in winter, have negative additional effects on yield compared with single ECEs. We further identify the types of mECEs that have intensified effects, with the majority showing negative effects on yield. Key interactions leading to intensified yield loss include droughts in winter or spring combined with summer co-occurring drought heatwaves, pluvials across multiple growth stages, pluvials combined with coldwaves, and the transition between droughts and pluvials, with the most severe anomaly attaining −17.2%. Coldwaves are the main ECE related to intensified yield increases, while their frequency is decreasing. Overall, this study stresses the interactions among ECEs on crop yield, and the identified types of mECEs could serve as foundational information for designing control experiments and improving process-based crop models.
Script
Authors: Watt Gary 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that legal language appealed to Shakespeare not only because it spoke to playgoers’ quotidian experiences of law, but also because it is resonant with performative power. Dramatists are conjurors of deep magic, and no words reach deeper to the roots of human culture than religious incantation and the cant of law. Attending to legal speech acts in Shakespeare’s works, and subliminal sound effects in legal speech and Shakespeare’s poetic language, this chapter argues that a binding magic attends lawyers’ language in the performative moment of a legal transaction, and that playwrights co-opt this through their use of legal terminology. It is an indication of the spell-like power of legal spiel that the word ‘conjure’ (meaning ‘to pronounce a ritual formula’) applies equally to describe a necromancer’s magic and the binding power of juristic speech by which, for example, a jury is solemnly sworn in.
The Rights-Structure Debate
Authors: Stephanopoulos Nicholas O 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
How should courts decide electoral cases? Most judges and some scholars advocate balancing burdens on individual rights against countervailing state interests. However, most contemporary election law academics object to balancing on the ground that it neglects the system-wide democratic values that are furthered, or frustrated, by electoral regulations. Among these values, competition and participation are the favorites of the structuralists. Courts should directly examine whether policies serve or set back competition or participation, according to this group of scholars. This chapter identifies several concerns about this rights-structure debate. It’s dated, having barely budged since roughly 2010. It’s juriscentric, paying little heed to the role of nonjudicial institutions in our political system. And most relevant here, both the balancers and the structuralists are blind to the democratic value of alignment. Because it infringes no rights, misalignment can’t set into motion the machinery of rights-interests balancing. Alignment also isn’t tantamount to any of the goods prized by the structuralists: not competition, or participation, or any of their supposed by-products.
Voting
Authors: Stephanopoulos Nicholas O 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter applies the alignment framework to regulations of voting. As befits an overarching election law value, alignment is well suited to analyzing voting regulations. Other principles may also be relevant, like the notion of equal treatment of all citizens, but there’s no need to choose a single victor among these ideas. In the voting context, the trickiest issue about alignment is which benchmark to use to measure congruence with popular preferences. Actual voters’ views are an uninteresting baseline here, but the views of the population directly acted on by a voting rule are a more promising reference point. In most cases, this population is comprised of eligible voters, though all people are directly acted on by voting qualifications. On the merits, maybe surprisingly, few modern voting policies significantly affect alignment. The disenfranchisement of ex-felons, automatic voter registration, early and absentee voting, photo ID requirements for voting—none of these controversial laws moves the alignment needle much. Historically, however, the Jim Crow voting restrictions and the introduction of voter registration were highly misaligning. Even today, the effective elimination of voter registration, the use of off-cycle elections, and the manipulation of voting sites’ locations considerably influence alignment. So there remain some voting measures as to which alignment would be a potent sword or shield.
The Anti-Alignment Court
Authors: Stephanopoulos Nicholas O 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that, regrettably, the Roberts Court has systemically undermined alignment in its election law jurisprudence. To taxonomize this Court’s election law decisions, a two-by-two matrix is employed. One dimension indicates whether a ruling is aligning (pro-alignment) or misaligning (anti-alignment). The other axis denotes whether a ruling upholds a challenged electoral practice (passive) or invalidates it (active). In this matrix, the passive anti-alignment quadrant is full of Roberts Court decisions: in particular, partisan gerrymandering cases like Common Cause v. Rucho and voting restriction cases like Crawford v. Marion County Election Board. The active anti-alignment quadrant also brims with this Court’s rulings. That’s now the location of Shelby County v. Holder discarding the core of the VRA and Citizens United v. FEC and many other cases nullifying campaign finance regulations. And it may soon be the site where the Court rejects new congressional electoral reforms and overturns state court rulings under the independent state legislature theory. In contrast, the two pro-alignment quadrants are much lonelier places. They include only a few race-and-redistricting decisions (mostly not, in fact, aligning) and a hodgepodge of rulings that certain aligning policies can stay in place (for now, though maybe not for good). This record is what earns the Roberts Court the sobriquet of the anti-alignment Court. For almost two decades, it has eroded this vital democratic value far more often than it has furthered it.
Introduction
Authors: Néron Pierre-Yves 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the main argument of the book, according to which firms “see” in a conservative way and embrace a “conservatism of commerce” that requires socioeconomic inequality. It describes the “political theory of the firm” as burgeoning field of study and identifies the questions it aims to address and the challenges it faces. Focusing on how Ronald Coase was talking about firms as “Islands of conscious power” into an ocean of unconscious coordination, it highlights one of the great paradoxes of the political theory of the firm: soon after they were “discovered,” Islands of conscious power surprisingly faded away, since they were erased by an army of economists and neglected by political philosophers. Finally, this chapter lays out the methodological approach adopted in this book.
The Political Theory of Corporations
Authors: Néron Pierre-Yves 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter aims to address the recent rise of the political theory of the firm and ask “What does it mean to see business firms as political things?” For this purpose, it identifies some theoretical avenues to investigate and clarify the very idea of “corporations as political actors.” It critically examines four political views of corporations and business institutions and the various theoretical insights possibly offered by these different views. It concludes by considering three challenges that need to be overcome by theorists interested in building a theory of the firm as a political actor. The central goal of this chapter is to show how a relational account of what it calls “conservatism of commerce” can provide a political theory of corporations in a strong sense.
Justice, Firms, and Markets
Authors: Néron Pierre-Yves 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the strange and complex relationship between post-Rawlsian contemporary political philosophy and the business corporation. It has two broad aims. First, it provides both a diagnosis and a critique of the neglect of corporations by post-Rawlsian political philosophers. It identifies various plausible arguments (or post facto rationalizations) that post-Rawlsians might invoke to actually justify the putting aside of corporations and aims to show that they do not succeed. Such a critique should be read as a philosophical one and a historical one. It aims to highlight how spectacularly strange it is for such a dominant tradition to remain largely blind to what corporations are doing. Second, relying on the shortcomings of distributive conceptions of justice and equality, it lays out the grounds of a relational theory of justice and equality to think about economic institutions and practices.
Conclusion
Authors: Néron Pierre-Yves 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This concluding chapter aims to lay out some of the main theoretical and political implications of the central argument articulated in this book. It argues that reconstructing the contours of a form of conservatism of commerce, by providing us a different “critical ontology of our present,” radically changes the practice of social critique. Relying on the recent scholarship on neoliberalism, this chapters lays out some of the advantages of thinking about it as form of conservatism of commerce. Finally, it lays out some of the challenges that proponents of equality are facing in their attempt to overcome the contemporary crisis of equality and to build the contours of a new democratic aesthetics.
Foundations of Social Understanding
Authors: Galligan D J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter III explains the foundations of society generally, and constitutional authority and social order in particular. Adam Smith and Giambattista Vico are invoked to explain the core and character of social relations, and hence society. Vico’s views are examined: the foundations of society; the natural law of people. Concepts of civility and humanity are explained, and how they lead to social institutions. Constitutional authority and the need for the state follows as part of the human and social endeavour. Vico’s account provides a scientific understanding of society, from which the science of constitutions, based on several patterns of opinion, follows.
Constitutional Field
Authors: Galligan D J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter V imagines constitutional order as a field of action. Field explained how people confront officials in the field—nature of social relations within the field between people and officials. The structure of the field is described, the main features identified, and the many sites of authority marked. The need to structure relations between people and officials is explained, the different modes identified, the issues confronted, the different modes of interaction identified and how each site provides a dimension of well-being. The need for mutual restraint is made plain; the danger of appetite is shown. Several ways of structuring the field—forms of constitutional authority—are outlined for further analysis in later chapters.
The Sovereignty Deficit
Authors: Galligan D J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter VI focuses on the concept of sovereignty within constitutional discourse, the function in the constitutional order explained. The legal, constitutional, and political dimensions of sovereignty are analysed, noting the diverse ways constitutions acknowledge the people as sovereign or sources of authority. A complex and varied picture of sovereignty emerges in constitutional texts, those of a broadly democratic nature. Why sovereignty of the people is of limited use in interpreting and explaining the constitutions of democratic nations, the gap between the ideal of popular sovereignty and the practical realization in constitutional governance—the ‘sovereignty deficit’.
Upper Register of Constitutional Discourse
Authors: Galligan D J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter VII explains the upper register of constitutional discourse, the ideas, language, and concepts. History is drawn on to show the imagery and application in practice of the upper register. The lingering influence of past discourses on contemporary constitutional texts and practices. The main image is that of the body politic, drawing parallels between the functioning of a healthy body and a well-ordered society. The sense of common good inherent in the body politic. The place of the people as the feet, their duty to obey without question. Signs of change from being the feet to having a place in the constitutional order. The sense of constitutional authority implicit in the upper register, the imagery in support, the vulnerabilities explained.
Consensus and Consent
Authors: Galligan D J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter VIII examines the concept of consent in justifying constitutional authority and its elusive nature in practical governance. The chapter distinguishes between the notions of ‘consensus’ and ‘consent’, one a positive act of consent, the other a sentiment and disposition of consensus. Consensus is passive in tone, suggesting shared sentiments; consent involves a more active, positive agreement. The utility of the distinction is shown in understanding constitutional authority. However, the general concept of consent has been used and manipulated, historically, to justify the distribution of power between people and officials. Function of consensus explained as a critical feature of relations between people and officials.
Lower Register of Constitutional Discourse
Authors: Galligan D J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter IX concerns the lower register of discourse, often unnoticed but a critical feature of the constitutional field. The lower register emerges within social relations among the people. The chapter shows the people’s dual role as supporters of constitution, yet retaining a critical, independent view of authority. The discourse of rebellion illustrates how grievances and injustice can prompt resistance to constitutional authority and prompt a reassessment of social relations and constitutional principles. Rebellion by sectors of the people is justified by reference to the ideas, language, and concepts of the lower register. The chapter displays and explains relations between the two registers, and how from potential conflict cooperation is achieved. Ideas of civic and juridical equality are introduced and the place of justice analysed.
Princely Rule: I
Authors: Galligan D J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter X develops a model of princely rule as a form of constitutional authority. The features of the model, and the justification, are explained. The idea of strong rule, the appeal, and the social advantages are examined. The reign of King Henry VII is used as a case study of princely rule. The model includes aspects such as the prince’s plenary power, the purpose of rule for the common good, and the structured relationship between the prince and the people. The prince is portrayed as a ruler whose power is strong yet bounded, and whose relationship with the people is structured by mutual rights and duties, law, and convention. The prince is expected to cultivate virtue and personal qualities for effective rule. The ideas are examined critically.
The Black in Marine Science Blueprint
Authors: Moore Tiara , Adams Lynnette , Gaynus Camille , Bebe Germain , Simpson Queriah , Layton Janelle , Barkley Symone , Wimbush Ralinda , Atkins Jasmine 
Published: September 2024

Synopsis
Marine science is widely recognized as one of the least diverse fields within geoscience. Despite substantial investments in diversity initiatives and resources aimed at engaging underserved communities, the representation and recognition of Black individuals in marine science remain limited. This lack of representation highlights a broader issue: a shortage of professionals who are attuned to the pressing issues within Black communities. Black In Marine Science (BIMS) is making waves by tackling systemic and cultural issues that have historically excluded Black talent from marine science, and this article outlines actionable solutions we have developed to drive meaningful change. BIMS has created a blueprint that can help others increase diversity, equity, and inclusion in scientific spaces with the goal of ocean justice for all. Further than what BIMS has done inside the organization, joy-centered partnerships and direct membership feedback have led to the development of this entire journal issue. Dedicated to highlighting the scientific achievements of BIMS scholars, the BIMS Issue is a manifestation of the outcomes achieved once the BIMS Blueprint is successfully implemented.