bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The crystal structure of triphenylphosphineoxide – 2,5-dichloro-3,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (2/1), C42H32Cl2O6P2
Authors: Belay Alebel N. , Venter Johan A. , Roodt Andreas 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
C42H32Cl2O6P2, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 8.4669(12) Å, b = 9.7245(14) Å, c = 12.2425(17) Å, α = 69.887(6)°, β = 77.758(6)°, γ = 74.915(6)°, V = 905.5(2) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0295, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0850, T = 100 K.
Synthesis and crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ2-nicotinato-κ2
O,O′: κ1
N)-(nitrato-κ1
O)-(bis(2-benzimidazol-ylmethyl)amine-κ3
N,N′,N′′)lead(II)], C22H18N7O5Pb
Authors: Jia Yan-hui , Huang Fang-Fang , Peng Mei-Hong , Nie Feng-Mei 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
C22H18N7O5Pb, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.7446(17) Å, b = 16.914(3) Å, c = 17.726(3) Å, α = 72.451(6)°, β = 86.900(6)°, γ = 88.098(7)°, V = 2210.3(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0379, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0751, T = 153 K.
Transitional Times
Authors: Lagerkvist Amanda 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe alluring traits of ‘new media’ have spurred new research interests. This article discusses the discourse of ‘new media’ from the vantage point of critically reviewing three emissions from MIT Press during the years 1999-2003 within the series Media in Transition, as to the fundamental concepts used and introduced in these works. It cautions against any reductionist perspective on new media forms, and while highlighting the many merits of writing new media histories, the article shows that this discussion, also nascent within an interdisciplinary Swedish research environment, also carries other important features with implications for the relationships between communication and (time)space. It concludes that it is not enough to acknowledge that ‘new media’ call for a deep awareness of the historicity of the technological imaginary; deeper understandings of transitions in media also call for thoroughly expounding the socio-spatial ramifications of communication.
Iranian-Norwegian Media Consumption
Authors: Alghasi Sharam 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This study examines 20 Iranian-Norwegians and their diverse media consumption. The claim is that the dynamics between media’s hegemonic quality, expressed in their discursive representation of realities, and Iranian-Norwegians’ subjective positions seem to have a vital impact on the processes of meaning construction and positioning that Iranian-Norwegians experience in Norwegian society. Analysis of the respondents’ media preferences indicates that they are most often attracted by three characteristics linked to their status: being Iranian, immigrant and Muslim. These elements emerge as identity markers that Iranian-Norwegians focus on in their relationship to the media, and furthermore employ in their negotiation of identity and position in Norwegian society. They often express an anomaly between their understanding of themselves, who they are and where they belong, and the discursive representation of them in the media. This results in an attitude of resistance, in the shape of the subjective constructions of the respondents, and which seems to propel them in different directions.
New War Journalism
Authors: Nohrstedt Stig A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHow has war journalism changed since the end of the Cold War? After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, there was talk of a new world order. The Balkan Wars of the 1990s gave rise to the concept of “new wars”. The 1990-91 Gulf War was the commercial breakthrough for the around-the-clock news channel CNN, and the war in Afghanistan in 2001 for its competitor al-Jazeera. The 2003 Iraq war saw Internet’s great breakthrough in war journalism. A new world order, new wars, and new media – what impact is all this having on war journalism? This article outlines some important trends based on recent media research and discusses the new challenges as well as the consequences they entail for the conditions of war journalism, its professional reflexivity and democratic role.
The International Freedom of Information Index
Authors: Lidberg Johan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
During the past two decades, the number of countries that have enacted Freedom of Information (FOI) laws has increased dramatically. In many respects, FOI laws have become a democratic ‘right of passage’. No FOI, no ‘proper’ democracy.
The promises of FOI regimes are far-reaching: extensive independent access to government-held information will lead to increased transparency, prevention of corruption and maladministration and greater public participation in the political process. But are these promises borne out by the practice of FOI?
This article describes a study that tracked a number of real-life FOI requests in five countries. The project puts forward a prototype for the first International Freedom of Information Index, ranking the five countries of study on how their FOI regimes function in practice.
In conclusion, the paper suggest that the FOI Index should be expanded to cover all 65 plus countries that have implemented FOI laws. It is argued that such an index could play an important role in furthering some of the core properties of liberal democracy: transparency, political accountability and good governance.
Targeting the Player
Authors: Ottosen Rune 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe historical roots of the technology and design of computer games can be found in Pentagon-supported research in 1960s. Many computer games had their origin as simulators and training equipment for the armed forces. It can be argued that the content of computer games concerning real wars reflects the ideological interest of the military-industrial complex or the military-entertainment complex, as Robin Andersen has redefined it. Selected games such as ’America’s Army’, ‘Army of Two’’ and companies such as ‘Kuma War’ are analysed critically within the framework of the fight for ideological hegemony in the Global War on Terror. It is argued that when computer game are read as text, they can also be read as propaganda.
“Teenagers Get Undressed on the Internet”
Authors: Elm Malin Sveningsson 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDuring recent years, Swedish media have paid attention to young people’s presentations of self in Internet communities, claiming that these presentations are often sexually provocative. The present study aims at investigating young men’s and women’s presentations of self in Sweden’s largest Internet community, focusing specifically on how bodies are displayed. This is done through quantitative and qualitative content analyses of the photos of 88 users. Results show differences in what parts of their bodies the young men and women show: women tend to focus on faces, while men focus on torsos. Results also contradict the image depicted by the media, as very few photos in the sample can be described as provocative. One explanation offered here concerns the specific Internet community’s lack of anonymity, meaning that the interaction is steered by the same mechanisms and social pressures at work in offline environments.
Bioinformatic resources for the investigation of proteins and proteomes
Authors: Facchiano Angelo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractExperimental techniques in omics sciences need strong support of bioinformatics tools for the data management, analysis and interpretation. Scientific community develops continuously new databases and tools. They make it possible the comparison of new experimental data with the existing ones, to gain new knowledge. Bioinformatics assists proteomics scientists for protein identification from experimental data, management of the huge data produced, investigation of molecular mechanisms of protein functions, their roles in biochemical pathways, and functional interpretation of biological processes. This article introduces the main bioinformatics resources for investigation in the protein world, with references to analyses performed by means of free tools available on the net.
Returning to General and Vocational High-Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Mahirda Karina , Wahyuni Heni 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Promoting vocational secondary education can be an appealing option for developing countries in order to improve labour market outcomes. The main reason for the promotion of vocational education is the increase of the labour force. The debate regarding the benefit resulted from vocational education, as opposed to general education is far from conclusive. This paper analyses the return to schooling of vocational and general high-schools in Indonesia using Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). The study finds no difference in the returns to schooling between vocational and general high-schools in Indonesia. The findings may imply that the government should focus on promoting general education, especially in the developing countries such as Indonesia, easing the access to higher education, as well as improving the curriculum in vocational education.
Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students: A Comparison between Kosovo and Turkey Using Shapero’s Model
Authors: Uysal Boratay 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Entrepreneurship has emerged as an essential instrument for social and economic development in both industrialized and developing countries. However, while the phenomenon spreads all over the world, the intention of young generations to become self-employed differs according to country context. In this regard, the paper investigates the differences in the levels of entrepreneurial intentions and their antecedents of university students from Turkey and Kosovo. With the purpose of measuring such differences, structured questionnaires based on Shapero’s model were distributed within the main universities in Ankara and Prishtina. The findings indicate that there is a statistically significant difference between Turkey and Kosovo in determination of entrepreneurial intentions.
Hedonic Price Analysis of Non-Barren Broodmares
Authors: Dority Bree L. , Larreau Dayna , Tenkorang Frank 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The current real average selling price of a thoroughbred broodmare is nearly half its peak value in 2000. While annual price changes are influenced by economic performance, different prices at an auction are influenced by physical and genetic characteristics of broodmares. We use auction data from the 2013 November Keeneland Breeding Stock Sales to estimate a hedonic pricing model. We find prices are positively influenced by earnings of the covering sire, earnings of the broodmare, pedigree, and the racing performance of broodmare progeny. Conversely, the age of a broodmare and the day on which the horse sold have dampening effects on broodmare prices.
A Review of ‘Brain Computation as Hierarchical Abstraction’
Authors: Herzog Bodo 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This article is a review of the book ‘Brain Computation As Hierarchical Abstraction’ by Dana H. Ballard published by MIT press in 2015. The book series computational neuroscience familiarizes the reader with the computational aspects of brain functions based on neuroscientific evidence. It provides an excellent introduction of the functioning, i.e. the structure, the network and the routines of the brain in our daily life. The final chapters even discuss behavioral elements such as decision-making, emotions and consciousness. These topics are of high relevance in other sciences such as economics and philosophy. Overall, Ballard’s book stimulates a scientifically well-founded debate and, more importantly, reveals the need of an interdisciplinary dialogue towards social sciences.
Psychological factors and psychosocial interventions for cancer related pain
Authors: Ciucă Andrada , Băban Adriana 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The present paper is aimed at briefly presenting psychological factors involved in cancer related pain and what psychosocial interventions are efficient in reducing it. Cancer related pain is a complex experience and the most integrative and recommended approach is the biopsychosocial model. It has been proved that chronic pain is more strongly related to psychological factors than to treatment or illness related factors. Psychological factors influencing pain experience can be intuitively grouped starting with awareness of pain (i.e., attentional factor), then with evaluation of pain (i.e., cognitive factors) which is leading to feelings (i.e., emotional factors), and behaviours (i.e., coping strategies) regarding pain. Psychosocial interventions (i.e., skill based and education based interventions) have strong evidence that is effective in reducing cancer related pain.
Percutaneous ultrasound-guided renal biopsy; A comparison of axial vs. sagittal probe location
Authors: Shamshirgar Farnaz , Bagheri Seyed Morteza 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background. Renal biopsy is an important method for diagnosis of renal parenchymal abnormalities. Here, we compare the effectiveness and complications of percutaneous ultrasound-guided renal biopsy using axial vs. sagittal probe locations.

Methods. In a cross-sectional survey, in 2012, patients with a nephrologist order were biopsied by a radiology resident. Renal biopsy was done on 15 patients using axial (A group) and the same number of biopsies done with sagittal probe location (S group). The two groups were compared in term of the yields and complications of each method.

Results. In the A group, the ratio of glomeruli gathered to the number of obtained samples was significantly higher than in the S group. Nine patients in the A group (60%) required only two samplings, whereas 66.7% in the S group required more than two attempts. Microscopic hematuria was more common in the A; conversely, gross hematuria was less common in the A group. Meagre hematomas were more frequent in the S group. When compared with hemoglobin level before biopsy, its level 24 hours after biopsy was similar within groups.

Conclusion. Our study shows that percutaneous ultrasound-guided renal biopsy using axial probe provides better yield with fewer efforts and fewer serious complications.
National Academic Conference – Financial Crime in Poland
Authors: Trawiński Tomasz 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This is a speech by superintendent Tomasz Trawinski, the regional police commander in Poznań, who opened the first of the series of conferences devoted to the history of financial crime in Poland. The present threat of escalating financial crime is not only the concern of the agencies established for fighting this abnormality, but also of other institutions which can potentially be of help in fulfilling this task. In this field, the Polish police is open to new forms of cooperation and one of them is the collaboration with academic and scientific centers.
Financial Crime in Crime Fiction in Socialist Poland
Authors: Skotarczak Dorota 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Financial crime was one of the recurring themes in crime stories written in the period of socialist Poland. The writer who first undertook this subject was Leopold Tyrmand in his book “The Man with the White Eyes” (1955). The publication of this book is considered one of the symptoms of the cultural “thaw” and the end of real socialism. Tyrmand shows crime which develops when the state, cooperative and private businesses meet, but also the corruption and powerlessness of Citizen’s Militia. During Władysław Gomułka’s administration (1956–1970), this problem often recurred e.g. in the books written by Anna Kłodzińska and Barbara Gordon. Very often the villain was the “fraudulent director”. Both the meat scandal and the leather scandal were described in crime novels. Edward Gierek’s administration (1970–1980) was the time when the theme of financial crime was abandoned, but it returned after the introduction of martial law in 1981. This time, it was pointed out that it was the previous administration that had committed frauds. Crime novels accurately described the economic abnormalities of socialist Poland, the hampering of individual initiatives and the omnipresent corruption, but they also reflected the state’s policy towards the people in power who were illegally gaining wealth.
Black Market – Financial Crimes Committed for Personal Purposes
Authors: Miłosz Jan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In socialist Poland, in the reality of centrally planned economy, average citizens experienced chronic deficits of basic commodities. Although the intensity of the problem varied, at no time could one say that the official market fully satisfied the demand for basic or luxurious goods sought by citizens. On the one hand, the market was steered manually, prices were set and kept on the same level for many years, and the volume of production and its cost was centrally planned, but on the other hand, salaries in national companies were raised, which resulted in unsatisfied demand for the goods that the official market lacked. How, then, did average citizens deal with these problems? How, by committing more or less serious financial crimes, did they become players in the black market game, the stake of which was satisfying their own needs? This article attempts at describing the situation in this specific market in various periods of socialist Poland. It also tries to demonstrate which products were the most desirable and most often sold in the black market. Most citizens of socialist Poland, knowing that their behavior is against the law, limited their participation in the black market to purchasing or selling the most urgently needed products.
Authorities and Society vs. Financial Crime in the Gomułka Period in Poland
Authors: Jarosz Dariusz 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The pivotal motive behind financial crime in the real socialist states was the chronic shortage of goods and services. In the case of Poland under the Gomułka administration (1956-1970), a factor which contributed to the prevalence of practices considered economically criminal was, ironically, the liberalization of the government in the period following Władysław Gomułka’s rise to power. The procedure of issuing new licenses to private and co-operative manufacturing businesses fostered illegal practices, because the new businesses needed supplies of deficit resources. Private trade businesses struggled with similar problems. The authorities tried to prevent financial crime by concentrating on publishing new laws which allowed heavy punishment for those behind the biggest economic scandals. In this field, the penal policy was shaped by the top authorities of the communist party, and their decisions were binding for the institutions of the justice system. Such decisions of the top authorities of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PUWP) were behind the death sentence for Stanisław Wawrzecki, who was charged with fraudulence in meat trade in Warsaw. Poles’ attitude towards financial crime was not clear-cut. One the one hand, in their letters to authorities, many Poles expressed their support for severe punishment for those responsible for the biggest fraud, while others objected towards capital punishment for Wawrzecki. The information we have on the dynamics of confirmed financial crimes does not provide a clear answer whether it was actually related to the severity of the punishments.
Financial Crime in the Operational Work of the State Security Service Until 1956 – Lower Silesian Perspective
Authors: Klementowski Robert 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Nationalization and the introduction of state-controlled economy led to the emergence of abnormal social phenomena, including system-specific crimes. Economic transformations were the foundation of the systemic revolution carried out in the first decade after the Second World War, therefore they were the subject of interest for the Ministry of Public Security. That is why financial crimes were treated just like political crimes, which was also justified by legal provisions, as no specific definition of this type of crime existed. This allowed the authorities (secret police, prosecutor’s office, courts, media) to interpret the events according to their will and current political needs, and, as a result, to administer various overt or covert repressions (death penalty, imprisonment, forced cooperation with the secret police).
Professional Negligence, Mismanagement and Malpractice. Polish Companies in the Light of Supreme Audit Office Materials in the Years 1976-1980
Authors: Lesiakowski Krzysztof 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The birth of the “Solidarity” Independent Self-governing Trade Union in 1980 was accompanied by a strong revisionist movement. The Polish society expected punishment for the previous administration, led by Edward Gierek, as it was their policy up to that point that resulted with enormous external debt and ubiquitous shortages of consumer goods. A lot was said about wastefulness, corruption and professional negligence, both in the state administration and in the managements of Polish companies. And these opinions were somehow justified, as evidenced by the results of audits performed by the Supreme Audit Office (Najwyższa Izba Kontroli, NIK) in the years 1976–1980. Information recorded in the audit documentation was in line with the social attitudes. Due to formal and legal conditions back then, NIK auditors could not inspect the most important companies, however they managed to prove that the scale of illegal actions committed by directors and managers was large and increased year by year.
Heart Rate Variability Discriminates Competitive Levels in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Proietti Riccardo , di Fronso Selenia , Pereira Lucas A. , Bortoli Laura , Robazza Claudio , Nakamura Fabio Y. , Bertollo Maurizio 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Proietti, R, di Fronso, S, Pereira, LA, Bortoli, L, Robazza, C, Nakamura, FY, and Bertollo, M. Heart rate variability discriminates competitive levels in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 31(6): 1719–1725, 2017—Heart rate variability (HRV) has been increasingly used to monitor team sports athletes. Besides the traditional time domain indices (i.e., the SD of successive RR intervals [SDNN] and the root mean square difference of successive normal RR intervals [RMSSD]), recently the use of the stress score (SS), which is an inverse function of the SD2 index derived from the Poincaré plot, and the sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio (S/PS) to monitor soccer players has been proposed. However, the reliability of these new indices and the ability of HRV to differentiate between soccer competitive levels are unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the reliability of the different HRV-derived indices in professional soccer players during the competitive period and to compare HRV of professional soccer players from 3 teams of distinct competitive levels (i.e., Italian Second Division [2D], European League [EL], and Champions League [CL]). Fifty-four male professional soccer players from 3 different teams of 2 European countries (Italy and Germany) participated in the study. The intraclass correlation coefficient values of the HRV indices varied from 0.78 (very large) to 0.90 (near perfect). The coefficient of variation (CV) values for RMSSD and SDNN were all <5.00%, although the CV for SS was 6.13% and for S/PS, it was 21.33%. Both the CL and EL groups, assumed to be internationally qualified, presented higher lnRMSSD and lnSDNN and lower lnSS and S/PS than the 2D. Therefore, the HRV can be considered reliable in professional soccer players and is able to differentiate between international- and national-level players.