bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of environmental stressors perceived by surgical intensive care unit patients on hopelessness level
Authors: Güneş Dilek , Okşak Elif 
Published: October 2024

The aim of the research was to determine the effects of environmental stressors perceived by patients hospitalized in the surgical intensive care unit on hopelessness level. This descriptive research was performed between September 2023 and February 2024. The population of the study included all adult patients hospitalized in the Surgical Intensive Care Clinic of a City Hospital in Eastern Türkiye. The sample of the study includes 230 patients selected by random sampling method from this population. We used Personal Information Form, Intensive Care Unit Environmental Stressors Scale (ICUESS) and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) to collect the data. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis tests were used to evaluate the data. The ICUESS mean score of the patients participated in the study was found to be at a high level with 102.13±15.95. Beck hopelessness scale score mean was found to be at a mild level with 6.36±5.78. It was found that the patients' gender, age, educational status, chronic disease status and previous intensive care experience affected the level of hopelessness. The relationship between ICUESS and BHS scores of the patients included in the study was examined and it was found that there was a low level of positive significant relationship between them (r: 0.162, p: 0.014). The hopelessness level of patients in surgical intensive care units was found to increase as the level of exposure to environmental stressors increased. It may be recommended to identify environmental stressors affecting the hopelessness level of patients and to implement interventions to reduce them.
Pioneer of epidemiology and anesthesiology – John Snow (1813–1858)
Authors: Radkowski Paweł , Jeznach Martyna , Truszczyński Damian Bronisław , Banasiak Łukasz , Sztaba Klaudia 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionJohn Snow, a British physician of the 19th century, played a pivotal role in challenging prevailing medical beliefs during his time. His groundbreaking studies on the cholera epidemic led to the rejection of the miasma theory and the establishment of the link between contaminated water and the spread of the disease.AimThis study aims to explore the contributions of John Snow to the fields of anaesthesiology and epidemiology, focusing on his significant findings and methodologies.Material and methodsThis study utilizes a literature review approach to examine John Snow's contributions to anaesthesiology and epidemiology. Searches were conducted in databases using relevant keywords, focusing on peer-reviewed articles and authoritative sources. The data was qualitatively synthesized to extract key insights into Snow's methodologies and findings, aiming to provide a brief overview of his impact on medical science.Results and discussion:John Snow (1813-1858) is celebrated as a pioneer in epidemiology and anaesthesiology. He identified contaminated water as the source of the 1854 cholera outbreak in London, establishing the basis for modern epidemiology. Snow's innovative mapping of cholera cases was crucial in controlling the epidemic. He also advanced anaesthetic techniques, notably using chloroform on Queen Victoria during childbirth, improving the safety of anaesthesia. His work remains influential in both fields.Conclusions:John Snow's pioneering work significantly impacted the development of anaesthesiology and epidemiology. His insights into cholera transmission and anaesthetic agents, along with his seminal publication On Chloroform and Other Anaesthetic, continue to inspire advancements in medical science. Snow's legacy underscores the importance of evidence-based medicine and the pursuit of knowledge in addressing public health challenges.
Prediction of Performance and Emissions Diesel Engines Fueled-Biodiesel Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Resilient Backpropagation Algorithm (Rprop)
Authors: Amrulloh Riva , Widayat Widayat , Warsito Budi 
Published: October 2024

In order to increase energy security and improve environmental quality, the Indonesian Goverment set a target of 23% renewable energy mix in 2025, one of which is the Mandatory Bioediesel Program. A higher biodiesel blending ratio will affect the performance and emissions of diesel engines because biodiesel is chemically different from diesel oil. Research related to the prediction of diesel engine performance and emissions using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been conducted, but the author sees a research opportunity for the implementation of the ANN Resilient Backpropagation (Rprop) algorithm. The data used to create the ANN model prediction was secondary data from previous research. The model designed multi input and multi output (MIMO) with 4 input variables and 7 output variables. Model building done by varying the number of neurons and hidden layers. Model evaluation selected based on the largest coefficient of determination parameter R2 and the smallest RMSE or MAPE. The results showed that the ANN single layer 4-20-7 network architecture is the best model for predicting diesel engine performance and emissions with test data R2 , RMSE and MAPE of 0.962532, 6.699428 and 6.0% respectively, while for overall data testing has a performance of 0.982869, 3.908542 and 4.3%. The results also show that based on the ANN prediction results, the increasing biodiesel ratio can increase NOx emissions and decrease HC, CO and CO emissions2 . In terms of performance, the addition of biodiesel can increase BSFC and BP and decrease BTE. The results also show that the addition of ZnO concentration can reduce emissions while in terms of performance it will increase BTE and reduce BSFC and BP.
Makna Pesan Ekologis Dalam Pentas Tuno Wujo
Authors: Zaini Zaini , Wissang Imelda Oliva , K.Keban Sirilus Karolus 
Published: October 2024

Abstrak
Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimanakah makna pesan ekologis dalam pentas Tuno Wujo? Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan makna pesan ekologis dalam pentas Tuno Wujo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini nara sumber, video pementasan, teks teater Tuno Wujo. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, terdapat makna pesan ekologis dalam pementasan Tuno Wujo, yakni ( 1) menjaga relasi dengan Tuhan melalui ketekunan dan setia, moral yang tinggi, berjuang dan bekerja keras selalu bersyukur atas setiap pemberian Tuhan dalam alam semesta ini, (2) menjaga relasi dengan sesama terbuka, saling mendengarkan, saling membantu, selalu semangat dan penuh harapan, seperti alam yang selalu memberi harapan, memberi tanda, mengingatkan manusia dalam menata kehidupannya, (3) menjaga relasi dengan alam lingkungan dengan sikap berani, berjuang, dan berkorban, (4) menjaga relasi dengan diri dengan memiliki keterbukaan dan ketulusan, dan (5) menjaga relasi dengan adat budaya dengan penuh tanggung jawab, kerja keras, korban, cinta budaya.
Kata kunci: makna, pesan, ekologi, pentas
ON LOCALLY COMPACT SHIFT-CONTINUOUS TOPOLOGIES ON SEMIGROUPS C+(A;B) AND C
Authors: Gutik O. 
Published: October 2024

Let $\mathscr{C}_{+}(a,b)$ and $\mathscr{C}_{-}(a,b)$ be upper and down subsemigroups of the bicyclic semigroup defined in \cite{Makanjuola-Umar=1997}. Let $\mathscr{C}_{+}(p,q)^0$ and $\mathscr{C}_{-}(p,q)^0$ be the semigroups $\mathscr{C}_{+}(a,b)$ and $\mathscr{C}_{-}(a,b)$ with the adjoined zero. We show that the semigroups $\mathscr{C}_{+}(p,q)^0$ and $\mathscr{C}_{-}(p,q)^0$ admit continuum many different Hausdorff locally compact shift-continuous topologies up to topological isomorphism.
APPLICATION OF NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING AND FUZZY LOGIC TO DISINFORMATION DETECTION
Authors: Melnyk H. , Melnyk V. , Vikovan V. 
Published: October 2024

Natural language processing (NLP) is a field of computer science that is concerned with processing, collection and analysis of data encoded in natural language, such as speech, written text, online posts, etc. This paper explores the integration of Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods, specifically TF-IDF and n-gram analysis, with fuzzy logic rules employing Gaussian membership functions to detect disinformation in text data. The approach emphasizes reducing false positives by assessing the probability of disinformation rather than binary decisions, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of text analysis under informational uncertainty.
ON THE GROWTH OF THE MAXIMUM MODULUS OF DIRICHLET SERIES
Authors: Sheremeta M. , Trukhan Yu. 
Published: October 2024

For an entire Dirichlet series $F(s)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} f_n\exp\{s\lambda_n\}$ with $ 0\le \lambda_n\uparrow +\infty$, a connection between the growth of the maximum modulus $M(\sigma,F)= \sup\{|F(\sigma+it)|:\,t\in {\Bbb R}\}$ and the decrease of the coefficients is studied. For example, it is proved that if $\varlimsup\limits_{k\to\infty}\alpha(\lambda_k)/\beta\left(\frac{1}{\lambda_k}\ln\,\frac{1}{|f_k|}\right)=\break=Q>0$, where $\alpha$, $\beta$ are positive continuous functions on $[x_0,+\infty)$ increasing to $+\infty$, then $\varlimsup\limits_{\sigma\to+\infty}\left(\exp\{\alpha(\ln\,M(\beta^{-1}(\beta(\sigma)+\ln\,q),F))\}-p\exp\{\alpha(\ln\,M(\sigma,F))\}\right)=+\infty$ for any $q>1$ and $p>1$ such that $\ln\,p/\ln\,q<Q$. Similar results are obtained for
Dirichlet series with zero abscissa of absolute convergence
СHARACTERIZATION OF ONE-POINT SET OF DISCONTINUOUS OF SEPARATELY CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS OF SEVERAL VARIABLE
Authors: Kozlovskyi M. 
Published: October 2024

Investigations of the discontinuity points set of separately continuous functions of two or many variables (i.e. functions that are continuous with respect to each variable) were started in Rene Baire's dissertation \cite{Baire} and these investigations have been continued and developed by many mathematicians.Investigations of the discontinuity points set of separately continuous functions of two or many variables (i.e. functions that are continuous with respect to each variable) were started in Rene Baire's dissertation \cite{Baire} and these investigations have been continued and developed by many mathematicians. Investigations of separately continuous functions and their analogs with one-point set of points of discontinuity are of particular interest. It was proved in \cite{p-filter} that the existence of separately continuous functions with given one-point set of points of discontinuity of $G_\delta$ type is closely related to the properties of $P$-filter, and the answer to this question is independent of $ZFC$. It was proved in the \cite{p-filter-many} that the existence of a strongly separately continuous function $f:X_1\times ...\times X_n\to\mathbb{R}$ on the product of arbitrary completely regular spaces $X_k$ with an one-point set $\{(x_1,...,x_n)\}$ of points of discontinuity where $x_k$ is non-isolated $G_\delta$-point in $X_k$, is equivalent to NCPF (Near Coherence of $P$-filters). Strongly separately continuous function of $n$ variables is a function that for any fixed one variable is continuous with respect to other variables. It is clear that for the function of two variables strong separate continuity is equivalent to the separate continuity. In general each strongly separately continuous functions is separately continuous. But the existence of strongly separately continuous function is stronger than the existence of separately continuous function. In this paper we consider question what is necessity and sufficiency for existence a separately continuous function on the product of arbitrary completely regular spaces $X_k$ with an one-point set $\{(x_1,...,x_n)\}$ of points of discontinuity where $x_k$ is non-isolated $G_\delta$-point in $X_k$. First we prove that for We prove that the existence of such function is equivalent to the fact that for any $n$ $P$-filters there exist two that are near coherent.
ANALYSIS OF SKELLAM MODELS WITH A RIGID HARVESTING STRATEGY
Authors: Matsenko V. 
Published: October 2024

Difference equations are used in order to model the dynamics of populations with non-overlapping generations, since the growth of such populations occurs only at discrete points in time. In the simplest case such equations have form $N_{t+1}= F(N_t)$, where $N_t >0$ is the population size at a moment of time $t$, and $F$ is a smooth function. Among such equations the discrete Skellam model are most often used in practice. In the given paper the Skellam model of the form $N_{t+1}=a N_t/ (1+b N_t)$, $N_{t+1}=a N_t^2/ (b^2+ N_t^2)$, $N_{t+1}=a N_t/ (1+b N_t^2)$ is considered, where the parameters $a,b>0$ with taking an effect of harvesting. Positive equilibrium points and conditions for their stability for these equations were found. It is shown in analytical form that these equations do not have periodic solutions with period $T=2$, which means, according by the Sharkovskii theorem, periodic solutions of any periods. In the model with harvesting, only regimes with monotonic stabilization of the population size are observed. Therefore, in all models of Skellam with harvesting, the existence of a critical conception is show, beyond which the population will be completely destroyed. For practice it is important to know the permissible limits of harvesting intensity, which are found in this paper.
Políticas públicas de resíduos sólidos e inovação tecnológica ambiental: Revisão narrativa sobre a implementação da logística reversa
Authors: Silva Ladielson Alves da , Silva Luísa Cristina Oliveira 
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: analisar como as políticas públicas podem ser direcionadas para mitigar os desafios da implementação da logística reversa em países em desenvolvimento, com ênfase na inovação sustentável. Metodologia: Utilizou-se o método de Revisão Narrativa da Literatura para compor o estado da arte por meio de busca e seleção de artigos científicos na biblioteca eletrônica Scientific Electronic Library Online, desde que abordassem a implementação de políticas públicas ambientais relacionadas à logística reversa e à inovação sustentável. Foram selecionados 11 artigos que atenderam a esses critérios. Resultados: Após leitura, análise crítica e síntese dos materiais pesquisados e selecionados, os resultados encontrados destacaram a importância da ecoinovação e da engenharia sustentável como ferramentas para aprimorar a eficiência na gestão de resíduos, propondo ajustes nas políticas públicas para superar as barreiras identificadas. Conclusão: a adoção de tecnologias emergentes e a integração de cooperativas são estratégias essenciais para fortalecer a logística reversa e promover práticas sustentáveis, alinhadas com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável.
Intervenções odontológicas paliativas em pacientes com câncer terminal: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Eliane Viana da , Santos Liliane Priscila de Melo , Soares Laís Lavínia Cruz 
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Identificar as principais intervenções odontológicas paliativas em pacientes com câncer terminal, analisando a literatura científica atualizada. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas BVS (LILACS e MEDLINE), Science Direct e PubMed, por meio dos seguintes descritores: “Odontologia”; “Assistência Odontológica”; “Cuidados Paliativos”; “Doente Terminal”; “Neoplasias”; “Dentistry”; “Dental Care”; “Palliative Care”; “Terminal Care”; “Neoplasms” e “Cancer”. Foram incluídos artigos completos publicados entre 2014 a 2024. Resultados: 10 artigos compuseram a amostra final deste estudo. Verificou-se uma concentração mais elevada de publicações nos EUA e de ensaios clínicos randomizados. Foi possível identificar a eficácia de intervenções paliativas como o uso de mel, morfina tópica e bethanechol no manejo de sintomas orais debilitantes, como mucosite e xerostomia. Os resultados evidenciam que tais intervenções não só proporcionam alívio sintomático imediato, mas também contribuem para a manutenção da qualidade de vida dos pacientes em fase terminal. Conclusão: Esta revisão destacou a importância da integração dos cuidados odontológicos em equipes multidisciplinares, apontando para a necessidade de maior formação e conscientização entre os profissionais de saúde sobre o papel crítico da odontologia paliativa. Deste modo, futuras pesquisas devem explorar a aplicação e a eficácia dessas intervenções em diferentes contextos clínicos, visando aprimorar as práticas de cuidado paliativo em odontologia.
Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Chitosan–Bilirubin Nanoparticles Loaded with Statin for Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Raveena Nagareddy  , Kim Ja-Hae , Kim Ji-Hye , Thomas Reju George , Choi Kang-Ho , Jeong Yong-Yeon 
Published: October 2024

Cerebral ischemia impairs blood circulation, leading to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. A ROS-responsive delivery of drugs can enhance the therapeutic efficacy and minimize the side effects. There is insufficient evidence on the impact of ROS-responsive nanoparticles on ischemic stroke. We developed ROS-responsive chitosan–bilirubin (ChiBil) nanoparticles to target acute ischemic lesions and investigated the effect of atorvastatin-loaded ROS-responsive ChiBil. We randomly assigned rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to 4 groups: saline, Statin, ChiBil, and ChiBil-Statin. These groups were treated daily via the tail vein for 7 d. Behavioral assessment, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, evaluation of neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity, apoptosis, and neurogenesis after stroke were conducted. In vitro, results showed nanoparticle uptake and reduced intracellular ROS, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α). In vivo, results showed improved motor deficits and decreased infarct volumes on MR images in the ChiBil-Statin group compared with the Control group on day 7 (
P
< 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6 was reduced in the ChiBil-Statin group compared with the Control group (
P
< 0.05). Improvements in BBB integrity, apoptosis, and neurogenesis were observed in the ChiBil-Statin group. The findings demonstrated that intravenous ROS-responsive multifunctional ChiBil-Statin could effectively deliver drugs to the ischemic brain, exerting marked synergistic pleiotropic neuroprotective effects. Therefore, ChiBil-Statin holds promise as a targeted therapy for ischemic vascular diseases characterized by increased ROS production, leading to new avenues for future research and potential clinical applications.
Hybrid Homodimeric Prodrug Nanoassemblies for Low-Toxicity and Synergistic Chemophotodynamic Therapy of Melanoma
Authors: Xu Peirong , Meng Fanchao , Wan Jianqin , Zhu Hengyan , Fang Shijiang , Wang Hangxiang 
Published: October 2024

Synergistically active nanoparticles hold great promise for facilitating multimodal cancer therapy. However, strategies for their feasible manufacture and optimizing their formulations remain lacking. Herein, we developed hybrid homodimeric prodrug nanotherapeutics with tumor-restricted drug activation and chemophotodynamic pharmacology by leveraging the supramolecular nanoassembly of small molecules. The covalent dimerization of cytotoxic taxane chemotherapy via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated linker yielded a homodimeric prodrug, which was further coassembled with a ROS-generating dimeric photosensitizer. The nanoassemblies were readily refined in an amphiphilic PEGylation matrix for particle surface cloaking and in vivo intravenous injection. The nanoassemblies were optimized with favorable stability and combinatorial synergism to kill cancer cells. Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, the neighboring dimer photosensitizer generated ROS, subsequently triggering bond cleavage to facilitate drug activation, which in turn produced synergistic chemophotodynamic effects against cancer. In a preclinical model of melanoma, the intravenous administration of PEGylated nanoassemblies followed by near-infrared tumor irradiation led to significant tumor regression. Furthermore, animals treated with this efficient, photo-activatable nanotherapy exhibited low systemic toxicity even at high doses. This study describes a simple and cost-effective approach to integrate multimodal therapies by creating self-assembling small-molecule prodrugs for designing a combinatorial therapeutic nanosystem. We consider that this new paradigm holds substantial potential for advancing clinical translation.
PENGGUNAAN PRIMER GEN CYTOCHROME OXIDASE 1 DALAM REAKSI POLYMERASE CHAI REACTION (PCR) UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI KANDUNGAN BABI PADA MAKANAN
Authors: Pane Elfira Rosa , Legasari Leni , Mardini Intan 
Published: October 2024

Muslims make up the majority of the population in Indonesia so halal food safety is of paramount importance. From a religious and health perspective, adulteration and contamination of Sus scrofa meat is considered a violation of halal norms. Sus scrofa is often used to adulterate beef to take advantage of the physical resemblance and price difference. The need to identify Sus scrofa meat contamination in food products was highlighted in this study. After a successful isolation process, the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was used to validate the presence of porcine DNA. PCR utilizes primers specifically made to replicate specific DNA sequences associated with pigs. PCR testing provides precise results for pig DNA, ensuring the accuracy of detection of pork contamination in foodstuffs. This research contributes to efforts to maintain halal food safety in Indonesia by emphasizing the important role of PCR in the detection process of Sus scrofa meat.
BENEFÍCIOS DO USO DE CREATINA NA POPULAÇÃO IDOSA
Authors: Krepischi Ana Carolina , Nascimento Vanessa Heloise da Silva 
Published: October 2024

A situação de envelhecimento populacional que vêm ocorrendo na sociedade decorrente da transição demográfica é pautada na redução das taxas de natalidade e de mortalidade. O processo biológico de envelhecimento é irreversível e inevitável, carregando consigo um elevado custo governamental em saúde pública e assistência hospitalar para a faixa etária devido a diminuição da massa muscular e da força, tornando, assim, indispensável à busca por terapias alternativas que reduzam a perda de massa muscular e o desenvolvimento de doenças neurodegenerativas que podem acompanhar os processos patológicos relacionados ao envelhecimento.
Uma dessas possíveis alternativas é a suplementação com creatina, um suplemento nutricional amplamente utilizado por atletas que vêm sendo alvo de estudo para a prevenção e tratamento da sarcopenia do idoso. Trata-se de uma amina nitrogenada que pode ser obtida tanto endogenamente quanto através da alimentação. É composto por arginina, glicina e metionina que sofrem uma série de reações para a formação de fosfocreatina, e esta, por sua vez, é utilizada para a conversão de ADP em ATP rapidamente, mantendo os níveis de reposição do ATP constantes durante exercícios repetitivos de alta intensidade em curtos períodos e consequentemente provocando hipertrofia muscular. Além do efeito ergogênico provocado pela ressíntese de ATP, diversos estudos indicam a existência de uma aplicação clínica neuroprotetora da suplementação de creatina em doenças neurodegenerativas, tais como isquemia cerebral, mal de Parkinson, doença de Huntington e lesão cerebral traumática.
Constata-se que os resultados advindos da suplementação são multifatoriais e envolvem também a dietética, o tecido, a idade e patologias prévias, sendo indispensável à elaboração de um protocolo individualizado para nortear a terapêutica.