bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glorientalization
Authors: Bui Long Thanh 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This article uses the 2006 experimental documentary Maquilapolis to shed light on the struggles of women workers in export-oriented industrial zones operating under the shadow of Asian global capitalism. My focus complicates the typical reading of the maquiladora factory system as simply a US–Mexico border issue by situating the burgeoning influence of East Asian nations and corporations in this economically profitable region of the world. Through the concept of glorientalization, I elucidate the connections between the all-encompassing gestures of globalization and the binaristic reframing of Orientalism found within the maquiladora system, where low-wage, brown, female factory workers in Tijuana must deal with an invasive foreign imperial presence that seeks to colonize, objectify, and exoticize them as docile, mechanized cyborgs similar to Asian women. As nonpermanent entities able to come and go at will, Asian companies are able to adopt a virtual character, while alienating women from the high-tech commodities they produce, treating the women as machine-like, disposable cyborgs without human needs or rights. I argue for an understanding of not only the economic and cultural imperialism of East Asia in the borderlands of the Americas, but the spectralizing processes by which displaced women of color are denied material presence and recognition as living labor. Situating Maquilapolis as a case study and prime text for rethinking women's subjugation as well as resistance to new capital allows critical insight into how marginalized groups negotiate their subject-position within hyper-mediated, “de-territorialized” spaces. A consideration of maquila women as both political actors and performers in the film draws attention to the scattered hegemonies of Asian technoculture as well as US hegemony, enabling awareness of the differential modes of oppression and collective demands for social justice by third-world laborers in the so called “Asian Century.”
Werewere Liking's Village Ki-Yi
Authors: Toman Cheryl 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In 1978, Cameroonian author and playwright Werewere Liking moved to Abidjan, Côte-d'lvoire where she was able to find an artistic freedom and energy that was not possible at the time in her native Cameroon. In Abidjan, she created the artistic center and residence known as Villa Ki-Yi, a haven for both well-established and budding artists in need of a place to refine their art within a supportive community. Over the years, goals for the center evolved as Liking sought to fight social injustice through combining activism and the arts. The Village Ki-yi, as it is known today, is influenced by African matriarchal traditions, although it is surrounded by the realities of a patriarchal world, and these traditions come into play in its organization and mission. Liking is not only the mother of ideas at the Village, but also of the poor, marginalized, and sometimes abandoned or orphaned children whom she literally gathers in the streets of Abidjan, giving them a home and a future. This essay analyzes Liking's creative accomplishments using feminist theories pertaining to performance, literature, and activism, demonstrating how Liking is an agent for social justice and change on the African continent.
Energetics and local order in In-based liquid alloys
Authors: Koirala RP , Singh BP , Jha IS , Adhikari D 
Published: December 2015

A comparative study has been carried out to understand the concentration dependence of thermodynamic properties such as, free energy of mixing, heat of mixing, entropy of mixing, activity and microscopic properties, such as concentration fluctuation in long wavelength limit and Warren-Cowley short range order parameter of In-based three liquid alloys (In-Pb , In-Tl and In-Zn) on the basis of self-association model. The analysis reveals that self-association model successfully explains the observed properties of the liquid alloys. Positive deviation of the thermodynamic properties of the alloys from the Raoultian solution behaviour indicates that the alloys are weakly segregating in nature. The comparative assessment of the interaction energy and the microscopic properties suggests that the degree of segregation is greatest in In-Zn alloy and comparable in In-Pb and In-Tl alloys.BIBECHANA 13 (2016) 60-71
Thermodynamic and structural investigations on mixing behavior of hetero-coordinated Al-based alloys in the fusion state
Authors: Koirala I , Singh BP , Jha IS 
Published: December 2015

We have used simple statistical model to report the hetero-coordination of two Al- based liquid alloys, i.e. Al-Ge and Al-Fe at temperatures 2000K and 1873K respectively. Through thermodynamic functions such as free energy of mixing and ratio of activity of the component atoms of the alloys, we have reported the information on the interaction, stability and bonding strength among the constituent atoms in the alloys. At the microscopic level, concentration fluctuation in the long wavelength limit and Warren-Cowely short range order parameter help to obtain the microscopic information on structure of molten alloys. Our theoretical analysis is based on interchange or ordering energy parameter which is found to be negative and temperature dependent. Negative deviation from Raoultian behaviour is observed in the computed thermodynamic and structural parameters of the alloys. The computed results are in good agreement with experimental data. The analysis concluded that both alloys are of weakly interacting and chemically ordered system. BIBECHANA 13 (2016) 87-93
Further application of the cleavage fracture stress model for estimating the T
0 of highly embrittled ferritic steels
Authors: Sreenivasan P. R. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The semi-empirical cleavage fracture stress model (CFS), based on the microscopic cleavage fracture stress, σ
f, for estimating the ASTM E1921 reference temperature (T
0) of ferritic steels from instrumented impact testing of unprecracked Charpy V-notch specimens is further confirmed by test results for additional steels, including steels highly embrittled by thermal aging or irradiation. In addition to the ferrite–pearlite, bainitic or tempered martensitic steels (which was examined earlier), acicular or polygonal ferrite, precipitation-strengthened or additional simulated heat affected zone steels are also evaluated. The upper limit for the applicability of the present CFS model seems to be T
41J ∼160 to 170 °C or T
0 or T
Qcfs (T
0 estimate from the present CFS model) ∼100 to 120 °C. This is not a clear-cut boundary, but indicative of an area of caution where generation and evaluation of further data are required. However, the present work demonstrates the applicability of the present CFS model even to substantially embrittled steels. The earlier doubts expressed about T
Qcfs becoming unduly non-conservative for highly embrittled steels has not been fully substantiated and partly arises from the necessity of modifications in the T
0 evaluation itself at high degrees of embrittlement suggested in the literature.
Effect of green preform composition, temperature and duration conditions on microstructure and performance of Al-5Ti-0.2C master alloy
Authors: Svynarenko Kateryna , Jie Jinchuan , Zhang Yubo , Kutsova Valentyna , Li Tingju 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Al-5Ti-0.2C master alloy was prepared via a simple combustion synthesis approach. By means of different smelting parameters, changes in its microstructure and refining performance were studied. Under short holding conditions (5 – 10 min) increase of Al content in the preform from 10 % to 40 % results in more numerous carbon-rich particles in the master alloy and better refinement performance. Nevertheless, preparation of refiner with satisfactory refining ability requires longer holding conditions (30 min). With prolonged holding time after the combustion, alloys possess similar microstructure and refining efficacy regardless of the chemical composition of the preform. Decrease of smelting temperature from 1 250 °C to 950 °C results in noticeable deterioration of the master alloy refining performance. The reasons, which impede successful utilization of primary benefits provided by combustion reaction, are discussed.
Overview of MPC applications in supply chains: Potential use and benefits in the management of forest-based supply chains
Authors: Pinho Tatiana M. , Moreira A. Paulo , Veiga Germano , Boaventura-Cunha José 
Published: December 2015

Aim of study: This work aims to provide an overview of Model Predictive Controllers (MPC) applications in supply chains, to describe the forest-based supply chain and to analyse the potential use and benefits of MPC in a case study concerning a biomass supply chain.Area of study: The proposed methods are being applied to a company located in Finland.Material and methods: Supply chains are complex systems where actions and partners’ coordination influence the whole system performance. The increase of competitiveness and need of quick responses to the costumers implies the use of efficient management techniques. The control theory, particularly MPC, has been successfully used as a supply chain management tool. MPC is able to deal with dynamic interactions between the partners and to globally optimize the supply chain performance in the presence of disturbances. However, as far as is authors’ knowledge, there are no applications of this methodology in the forest-based supply chains. This work proposes a control architecture to improve the performance of the forest supply chain. The controller is based on prediction models which are able to simulate the system and deal with disturbances.Main results: The preliminary results enable to evaluate the impacts of disturbances in the supply chain. Thus, it is possible to react beforehand, controlling the schedules and tasks’ allocation, or alert the planning level in order to generate a new plan.Research highlights: Overview of MPC applications in supply chains; forest-based supply chain description; case study presentation: wood biomass supply chain for energy production; MPC architecture proposal to decrease the operation times.Keywords: biomass; forest; Model Predictive Control; planning; supply chain.
Loanwords in the Urban Meccan Hijazi Dialect: An Analysis of Lexical Variation according to Speakers’ Sex, Age and Education
Authors: Alahmadi Sameeha D. 
Published: December 2015

<p>This study aims to investigate the degree of lexical variation in Urban Meccan Hijazi Arabic (UMH) by identifying the loan words that are commonly spoken in this dialect and determining from which languages they have been borrowed. Also, it explores the effect of social factors such as age, sex and educational level on the use of loan words by UMH speakers. For the purpose of the study, I designed a questionnaire and distributed it to eighty participants whose mother tongue is UMH. The sample consisted of three groups, namely, old and young, male and female and educated and uneducated participants. In order to provide answers to the research questions, the questionnaire was divided into two sections; section one investigates the participants’ background, i.e., their age, sex, educational level, how long have they been living in Mecca, etc., and section two examines their use of the loan words in UMH. The results revealed that in addition to some words that have been borrowed from Persian and Italian, most of the loan words found in UMH have been borrowed from Turkish. This could have resulted from the Ottoman occupation of Saudi Arabia for around 400 years, and the interaction with pilgrims who visit Mecca every year. Additionally, the results of the t-tests showed that the differences between the three groups (i.e., old vs. young, male vs. female and educated vs. uneducated) are statistically significant. This indicates that the three social factors play a crucial role in the participants’ use of the loan words in UMH. Finally, the study concludes with some recommendations for further research. <strong></strong></p>
Salespeople Motivation and Job Satisfaction: Evaluation of Female Salespeople in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alolayan Fahad Saleh , Saidi Hanan Ali 
Published: December 2015

<p>In Saudi Arabia, sales force positions have been totally occupied by men until recently. The Saudi Government has taken a number of promising legislative steps to promote women’s employment in the retail industry, especially in department stores that specialize in women’ goods. Saudi women are now entering such positions, and they need encouragement and support in order to retain their place in the labor market and to reduce their high rate of unemployment. At this early stage of Saudi female employment in the sales force, this study aims to support them by evaluating the level of work motivation and job satisfaction in their workplace. Utilizing the Herzberg model<strong>,</strong> data was collected from 280 female salespeople. The results show that Saudi female salespeople are not well motivated at work, and they have a low contentment with the working environment. It is therefore recommended that the companies hiring female salespeople take the issue of job satisfaction and work motivation seriously by giving women more responsibilities, ameliorating the conditions of advancement and growth, increasing the number of training programs, and improving the work conditions as well as increasing salaries.</p><p> </p>
High-efficiency contact grating fabricated on the basis of a Fabry–Perot type resonator for terahertz wave generation
Authors: Yoshida Fumiko , Nagashima Keisuke , Tsubouchi Masaaki , Ochi Yoshihiro , Maruyama Momoko , Sugiyama Akira 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
We have designed and fabricated a contact grating device to increase diffraction efficiency on the basis of the principle of the Fabry–Perot resonator. The grating structure and layer thicknesses were carefully determined by considering the electric field strength in the device and the fabrication accuracy of the grating. The prototype device had a peak diffraction efficiency of 71% at an incident angle of 42°; these values were slightly different from the design values of 78% and 44.5°, respectively. Numerical calculations revealed that this deviation was caused by the fabricated grating structure. A higher terahertz power will be expected with a device as per the design.
Plasma turbulence and coherent structures in the polar cap observed by the ICI‐2 sounding rocket
Authors: Spicher A. , Miloch W. J. , Clausen L. B. N. , Moen J. I. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe electron density data from the ICI‐2 sounding rocket experiment in the high‐latitude F region ionosphere are analyzed using the higher‐order spectra and higher‐order statistics. Two regions of enhanced fluctuations are chosen for detailed analysis: the trailing edge of a polar cap patch and an electron density enhancement associated with particle precipitation. While these two regions exhibit similar power spectra, our analysis reveals that their internal structures are significantly different. The structures on the edge of the polar cap patch are likely due to nonlinear wave interactions since this region is characterized by intermittency and significant coherent mode coupling. The plasma enhancement subjected to precipitation, however, exhibits stronger random characteristics with uncorrelated phases of density fluctuations. These results suggest that particle precipitation plays a fundamental role in ionospheric plasma structuring creating turbulent‐like structures. We discuss the physical mechanisms that cause plasma structuring as well as the possible processes for the low‐frequency part of the spectrum in terms of plasma instabilities.
Dynamic plasmapause model based on THEMIS measurements
Authors: Liu X. , Liu W. , Cao J. B. , Fu H. S. , Yu J. , Li X. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a dynamic plasmapause location model established based on 5 years of Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) measurements from 2009 to 2013. In total, 5878 plasmapause crossing events are identified, sufficiently covering all 24 magnetic local time (MLT) sectors. Based on this plasmapause crossing database, we investigate the correlations between plasmapause locations with solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices. Input parameters for the best fits are obtained for different MLT sectors, and finally, we choose five input parameters to build a plasmapause location model, including 5 min‐averaged SYM‐H, AL, and AU indices as well as hourly‐averaged AE and Kp indices. two out‐of‐sample comparisons on the evolution of the plasmapause is shown during two magnetic storms, demonstrating good agreement between model results and observations. Two major advantages are achieved by this model. First, this model provides plasmapause locations at 24 MLT sectors, still providing good consistency with observations. Second, this model is able to reproduce dynamic variations of the plasmapause on timescales as short as 5 min.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation with Diarylmethane Pronucleophiles: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Sha Sheng‐Chun , Jiang Hui , Mao Jianyou , Bellomo Ana , Jeong Soo A. , Walsh Patrick J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed allylic substitution reactions are among the most efficient methods to construct C−C bonds between sp3‐hybridized carbon atoms. In contrast, much less work has been done with nickel catalysts, perhaps because of the different mechanisms of the allylic substitution reactions. Palladium catalysts generally undergo substitution by a “soft”‐nucleophile pathway, wherein the nucleophile attacks the allyl group externally. Nickel catalysts are usually paired with “hard” nucleophiles, which attack the metal before C−C bond formation. Introduced herein is a rare nickel‐based catalyst which promotes substitution with diarylmethane pronucleophiles by the soft‐nucleophile pathway. Preliminary studies on the asymmetric allylic alkylation are promising.
Zintl Clusters as Wet‐Chemical Precursors for Germanium Nanomorphologies with Tunable Composition
Authors: Bentlohner Manuel M. , Waibel Markus , Zeller Patrick , Sarkar Kuhu , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract[Ge9]4− Zintl clusters are used as soluble germanium source for a bottom–up fabrication of Ge nanomorphologies such as inverse opal structures with tunable composition. The method is based on the assembly and oxidation of [Ge9]4− clusters in a template mold using SiCl4, GeCl4, and PCl3 leading to Si and P‐containing Ge phases as shown by X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis. [Ge9]4− clusters are retained using ethylenediamine (en) as a transfer medium to a mold after removal of the solvent if water is thoroughly excluded, but are oxidized to amorphous Ge in presence of water traces. 1H NMR spectroscopy reveals the oxidative deprotonation of en by [Ge9]4−. Subsequent annealing leads to crystalline Ge. As an example for wet‐chemical synthesis of complex Ge nanomorphologies, we describe the fabrication of undoped and P‐doped inverse opal‐structured Ge films with a rather low oxygen contents. The morphology of the films with regular volume porosity is characterized by SEM, TEM, and grazing incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering.
Switching on the Metathesis Activity of Re Oxo Alkylidene Surface Sites through a Tailor‐Made Silica–Alumina Support
Authors: Valla Maxence , Stadler David , Mougel Victor , Copéret Christophe 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRe oxo alkylidene surface species are putative active sites in classical heterogeneous Re‐based alkene‐metathesis catalysts. However, the lack of evidence for such species questions their existence and/or relevance as reaction intermediates. Using Re(O)(=CH‐CH=CPh2)(OtBuF6)3(THF), the corresponding well‐defined Re oxo alkylidene surface species can be generated on both silica and silica–alumina supports. While inactive on the silica support, it displays very good activity, even for functionalized olefins, on the silica–alumina support.
Light‐Regulated Polymerization under Near‐Infrared/Far‐Red Irradiation Catalyzed by Bacteriochlorophyll a
Authors: Shanmugam Sivaprakash , Xu Jiangtao , Boyer Cyrille 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPhotoregulated polymerizations are typically conducted using high‐energy (UV and blue) light, which may lead to undesired side reactions. Furthermore, as the penetration of visible light is rather limited, the range of applications with such wavelengths is likewise limited. We herein report the first living radical polymerization that can be activated and deactivated by irradiation with near‐infrared (NIR) and far‐red light. Bacteriochlorophyll a (Bachl a) was employed as a photoredox catalyst for photoinduced electron transfer/reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET‐RAFT) polymerization. Well‐defined polymers were thus synthesized within a few hours under NIR (λ=850 nm) and far‐red (λ=780 nm) irradiation with excellent control over the molecular weight (Mn/Mw<1.25). Taking advantage of the good penetration of NIR light, we showed that the polymerization also proceeded smoothly when a translucent barrier was placed between light source and reaction vessel.
Synthesis of 10 nm β‐NaYF4:Yb,Er/NaYF4 Core/Shell Upconversion Nanocrystals with 5 nm Particle Cores
Authors: Rinkel Thorben , Raj Athira Naduviledathu , Dühnen Simon , Haase Markus 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA new method is presented for preparing gram amounts of very small core/shell upconversion nanocrystals without additional codoping of the particles. First, ca. 5 nm β‐NaYF4:Yb,Er core particles are formed by the reaction of sodium oleate, rare‐earth oleate, and ammonium fluoride, thereby making use of the fact that a high ratio of sodium to rare‐earth ions promotes the nucleation of a large number of β‐phase seeds. Thereafter, a 2 nm thick NaYF4 shell is formed by using 3–4 nm particles of α‐NaYF4 as a single‐source precursor for the β‐phase shell material. In contrast to the core particles, however, these α‐phase particles are prepared with a low ratio of sodium to rare‐earth ions, which efficiently suppresses an undesired nucleation of β‐NaYF4 particles during shell growth.
Efficient Synthesis of Primary Nitrocarbamates of Sugar Alcohols: From Food to Energetic Materials
Authors: Axthammer Quirin J. , Klapötke Thomas M. , Krumm Burkhard 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe synthesis of various new polyvalent nitrocarbamates derived from sugar alcohols was accomplished by an economically benign two‐step synthesis. The precursor carbamates were synthesized with the reagent chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) and further nitrated using mixed acid. The starting materials, sugar alcohols, are renewable biomass, mainly used in food and cosmetic industry. The structures of one carbamate and one nitrocarbamate were exemplary described by single‐crystal X‐ray‐analysis. The heat of formation is calculated by the use of isodesmic reactions and the energetic performance data were estimated. All compounds were fully characterized by elemental analysis, vibrational spectroscopy, 1H, 13C, and 14/15N NMR spectroscopy and thermal analysis (DSC). The nitrocarbamates exhibit good detonation performance and have significantly lower sensitivities compared to the commonly used nitrate ester explosive PETN.