bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrition in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Miele Erasmo , Shamir Raanan , Aloi Marina , Assa Amit , Braegger Christian , Bronsky Jiri , de Ridder Lissy , Escher Johanna C. , Hojsak Iva , Kolaček Sanja , Koletzko Sibylle , Levine Arie , Lionetti Paolo , Martinelli Massimo , Ruemmele Frank , Russell Richard K. , Boneh Rotem Sigall , van Limbergen Johan , Veereman Gigi , Staiano Annamaria 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTBackground and Aims:A growing body of evidence supports the need for detailed attention to nutrition and diet in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to define the steps in instituting dietary or nutritional management in light of the current evidence and to offer a useful and practical guide to physicians and dieticians involved in the care of pediatric IBD patients.Methods:A group of 20 experts in pediatric IBD participated in an iterative consensus process including 2 face‐to‐face meetings, following an open call to Nutrition Committee of the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Porto, IBD Interest, and Nutrition Committee. A list of 41 predefined questions was addressed by working subgroups based on a systematic review of the literature.Results:A total of 53 formal recommendations and 47 practice points were endorsed with a consensus rate of at least 80% on the following topics: nutritional assessment; macronutrients needs; trace elements, minerals, and vitamins; nutrition as a primary therapy of pediatric IBD; probiotics and prebiotics; specific dietary restrictions; and dietary compounds and the risk of IBD.Conclusions:This position paper represents a useful guide to help the clinicians in the management of nutrition issues in children with IBD.
Units of Distinction: Creating a Blueprint for Recognition of High-Performing Medical-Surgical Nursing Units
Authors: Jeffery Alvin D. , Mosier Sammie , Baker Allison , Korwek Kimberly , Borum Cindy , Englebright Jane 
Published: January 2018

Background
Hospital medical-surgical (M/S) nursing units are responsible for up to 28 million encounters annually, yet receive little attention from professional organizations and national initiatives targeted to improve quality and performance.

Objective
We sought to develop a framework recognizing high-performing units within our large hospital system.

Methods
This was a retrospective data analysis of M/S units throughout a 168-hospital system. Measures represented patient experience, employee engagement, staff scheduling, nursing-sensitive patient outcomes, professional practices, and clinical process measures.

Results
Four hundred ninety units from 129 hospitals contributed information to test the framework. A manual scoring system identified the top 5% and recognized them as a “Unit of Distinction.” Secondary analyses with machine learning provided validation of the proposed framework.

Conclusions
Similar to external recognition programs, this framework and process provide a holistic evaluation useful for meaningful recognition and lay the groundwork for benchmarking in improvement efforts.
The Epidemiology of Syphilis in New York City: Historic Trends and the Current Outbreak Among Men Who Have Sex With Men, 2016
Authors: Schillinger Julia Ann , Slutsker Jennifer Sanderson , Pathela Preeti , Klingler Ellen J. , Hennessy Robin R. , Toro Brian , Blank Susan 
Published: January 2018

Background
Male primary and secondary (P&S) and early latent syphilis cases have increased markedly in New York City (NYC) after a historic nadir in 1998. The majority of cases are among men who have sex with men (MSM). We describe the epidemiology of syphilis among NYC males to provide a model of how 1 jurisdiction collects, analyzes, interprets, uses, and disseminates local data to guide programmatic activities directed at syphilis control.

Methods
We analyzed trends in reported infectious syphilis cases using routinely collected surveillance and case investigation data. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection status was ascertained by routine deterministic match between sexually transmitted infection and HIV surveillance registries, and self-report. We mapped diagnosing facilities to display the relative contribution of different public/private facilities. Characteristics of male syphilis cases diagnosed in public sexual health (SH) clinics were compared to those diagnosed elsewhere.

Results
During 2012 to 2016, male P&S syphilis case rates increased 81%, from 24.8 to 44.8/100,000 (1832 cases in 2016); the highest rates were among black non-Hispanic men. Overall, 87.6% (902/1030) of interviewed men in 2016 disclosed 1 or more male partner. The HIV coinfection rates are high among MSM with P&S syphilis (43.4%; 394/907 in 2016), but appear to be decreasing (from 54.1% in 2012). Maps highlight SH clinics' contribution to diagnosing P&S syphilis cases among men of color. HIV coinfection rates were lower among men with P&S syphilis diagnosed in SH clinics than among those diagnosed elsewhere (34%, SH clinics vs 49%; other settings, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Syphilis infections continue to increase among MSM in NYC. Novel interventions responsive to the drivers of the current outbreak are needed.
Early Noninvasive Ventilation and Nonroutine Transfusion for Acute Chest Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease in Children: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Heilbronner Claire , Merckx Audrey , Brousse Valentine , Allali Slimane , Hubert Philippe , de Montalembert Mariane , Lesage Fabrice 
Published: January 2018

Objectives:
To describe the need for transfusion and short- and long-term evolutions of pediatric sickle cell disease patients with acute chest syndrome for whom early continuous noninvasive ventilation represented first-line treatment.

Design:
Single-center retrospective chart study in PICU.

Setting:
A tertiary and quaternary referral PICU.

Patients:
All sickle cell disease patients 5–20 years old admitted with confirmed acute chest syndrome and not transfused in the previous month were included.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Demographic data, laboratory and radiologic findings, transfusions, invasive ventilation, oxygen and noninvasive ventilation settings, duration of opioid treatment, length of hospital stay, and severe sickle cell disease complications in the ensuing 2 years were extracted from medical charts. Sixty-six acute chest syndrome in 48 patients were included. Continuous early noninvasive ventilation was well tolerated in 65 episodes, with positive expiratory pressure 4 cm H2O and pressure support 10 cm H2O (median) administered continuously, then discontinued during 7 days (median). No patient necessitated invasive ventilation or died. Twenty-three acute chest syndrome (35%) received transfusions; none received blood exchange. Transfused patients had more frequent upper lobe radiologic involvement, more severe anemia, higher reticulocyte counts, and higher C-reactive protein than nontransfused patients. Their evolution was more severe in terms of length of opioid requirement, length of noninvasive ventilation treatment, overall time on noninvasive ventilation, and length of stay. At 2-year follow-up after the acute chest syndrome episode, no difference was observed between the two groups.

Conclusions:
Early noninvasive ventilation combined with nonroutine transfusion is well tolerated in acute chest syndrome in children and may spare transfusion in some patients. Early recognition of patients still requiring transfusion is essential and warrants further studies.
Screening of Pediatric Facial Fractures by Brain Computed Tomography
Authors: Ryu JongChan , Yun Seong Jong , Lee Sun Hwa , Choi Yoon Hee 
Published: January 2018

Objectives
Facial bone fractures secondary to head trauma are more common in children than in adults. Recently, multidetector row computed tomography (CT) has been considered superior to conventional radiography. Some studies have reported that facial soft tissue injuries require both facial and brain CT and that brain CT is helpful in screening facial bone fractures. However, these studies included only adult patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of brain CT and the need for additional facial CT to detect facial bone fractures in emergency pediatrics.

Methods
This multicenter study was conducted retrospectively in 2 tertiary hospitals in Seoul, Republic of Korea. The data were collected from the medical records of pediatric patients younger than 8 years who had undergone both brain and facial CT on the same day in the emergency department. All CT scans were retrospectively and independently evaluated by 1 board-certified radiologist and 1 board-certified emergency medicine physician. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Sensitivity was 92.31%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive value was 100%, negative predictive value was 99.31%, and accuracy was 99.36% for the emergency physician; all parameters were 100% for the radiologist.

Conclusions
Brain CT showed high diagnostic performance to detect facial bone fractures with high accuracy in pediatric patients. As emergency physicians, we should consider facial bone fractures when reviewing brain CT images of pediatric patients with blunt head and face trauma.
Endoscopic Findings Associated With Button Battery Ingestion in Children
Authors: Ríos Gloria , Rodríguez Lorena , Lucero Yalda , Miquel Isabel , Arancibia María Eugenia , Alliende Francisco 
Published: January 2018

Background
Ingested button batteries (BB) can cause corrosive damage of digestive mucosa within minutes. Immediate endoscopic removal of esophageal BB has been clearly established, but the management of BB located in the stomach is still controversial.

Aim
To describe demographic, clinical, radiologic, and endoscopic characteristics of a series of pediatric patients evaluated for BB ingestion.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of clinical charts belonging to children younger than 15 years, who underwent endoscopic removal of BB at Clínica Alemana of Santiago, between November 2007 and November 2011.

Results
Twenty-five patients subjected to upper endoscopy were analyzed; median age, 31 months; 15 were male (60%), and 11 patients (46%) were symptomatic after ingestion. The BB ingestion was confirmed by radiograph. Endoscopy revealed 10 patients with BB in the esophagus, 12 patients in the stomach and 3 distal to duodenum. Range time between ingestion and endoscopy was 2 to 10 hours for esophageal BB and 2 hours to 3 days for gastric BB. Eight of the 22 BBs removed had a diameter of 20 mm or greater, 6 of them were located in the esophagus and 2 in stomach. The BB color changes were observed in 14 of the 22 BBs. Breakage of battery edges was present in 11 of the 22 batteries. All patients with esophageal BB and 6 of those 12 with gastric BB presented mucosal damage.

Conclusion
Esophageal BB cause damage within hours. The BB located in the stomach may also cause damage early. Extraction of gastric BB before 48 hours should be considered.
Incidental Detection of a Melanoma by 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT Performed for Evaluation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Burgers Anne Marij Geertruida , Wondergem Maurits , van der Zant Friso Martijn , Knol Remco Johannes Jacob 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
An 80-year-old woman was evaluated with 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT in suspicion of a parathyroid adenoma. No focal parathyroid tracer uptake suggestive of adenoma was found, and instead a unilateral multinodular goiter without elevated 18F-fluorocholine uptake was diagnosed. In addition, focal uptake was found in a cutaneous nodule dorsally on the right shoulder. Upon pathological evaluation, this proved to be a malignant melanoma.
Prostate Cancer Lytic Bone Metastases Imaged With 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT
Authors: Alabed Yazan Z. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
A 76-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer and back pain was referred for palliative radiotherapy. Staging 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT scan revealed fluorocholine-avid prostate mass, extensive lymphadenopathy, lung nodules, and extensive osteolytic lesions throughout the axial skeleton. Prostate cancer bone metastases are predominantly sclerotic in nature. We present 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT imaging of prostate cancer with very rare lytic bone metastases.
Back Pain in a Patient With Parotid Carcinoma
Authors: Sharma Punit , Shahid Tanweer , Mukherjee Mukti 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Nonmalignant incidental findings in patients undergoing 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT for oncological indication are common. Here, we present such a case of a 40-year-old woman, treated case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the left parotid gland, who subsequently presented with progressive back pain and deranged liver function tests. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed no definite malignancy but incidental finding of moderately severe acute pancreatitis, which was the cause of back pain.
Initial Clinical Investigation of [18F]Tetrafluoroborate PET/CT in Comparison to [124I]Iodine PET/CT for Imaging Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Samnick Samuel , Al-Momani Ehab , Schmid Jan-Stefan , Mottok Anja , Buck Andreas K. , Lapa Constantin 
Published: January 2018

Aim
Recently, [18F]tetrafluoroborate ([18F]TFB) has been introduced as a versatile PET probe for imaging the human sodium/iodide symporter activity. This pilot study aimed to compare [18F]TFB-PET/CT with [124I]NaI-PET/CT imaging in thyroid cancer patients.

Methods
Nine patients with newly diagnosed differentiated thyroid cancer underwent both [18F]TFB- and [124I]NaI-PET/CT after total thyroidectomy. PET/CT scans were visually analyzed for the presence of remnant thyroid tissue and for metastatic lesions on a patient and lesion basis. For semiquantitative analysis, thyroid remnant/tumor to blood pool ratios were calculated.

Results
All patients presented with positive [18F]TFB and [124I]NaI-PET/CT scans. Retention of 124I in remnant thyroid tissue was significantly higher as compared with [18F]TFB (P < 0.01). In a lesion-based analysis, both tracers identified an almost equal number of foci with [18F]TFB depicting a total of 41 foci and 124I a total of 40 foci, respectively. In 6 of 9 patients, both radiopharmaceuticals returned an identical number of foci. Two 124I-positive benign thyroid remnants were missed by [18F]TFB-PET/CT in a single patient. In another case, both tracers identified different thyroid remnant tissues in the cervical region. Notably, [18F]TFB demonstrated additional (124I-negative) cervical lymph node metastases in 2 patients, leading to an overall agreement between the radiotracers of 91% (74/81 foci).

Discussion
In this pilot study, [18F]TFB-PET was not inferior to [124I]NaI-PET for detecting thyroid cancer and its metastases and was able to detect [124I]NaI-PET-negative viable differentiated thyroid cancer metastases. Further clinical evaluation as a PET tracer for imaging thyroid pathophysiology and human sodium/iodide symporter expressing neoplasms is highly warranted.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome on 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Pediatric Patient With Burkitt’s Lymphoma
Authors: Saad Aldin Ehab , McNeely Parren , Menda Yusuf 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We present a case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a pediatric patient with Burkitt's lymphoma predominantly involving the bone marrow. 18F-FDG PET/CT scan obtained after the first cycle of chemotherapy, complicated by acute kidney injury, hypertension, tumor lysis syndrome, and lethargy with focal neurological symptoms, showed a favorable marrow and lymph node response but increased FDG uptake in the bilateral frontal and occipital cortical/subcortical regions. Brain MRI was consistent with PRES. The patient was managed with IV hydration and blood pressure control with symptom resolution. This case shows the 18F-FDG uptake pattern of PRES in postchemotherapy setting.
Bowel Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Cuna Alain C. , Lee Jacob C. , Robinson Amie L. , Allen Nancy H. , Foley Jennifer E. , Chan Sherwin S. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Radiographic evaluation for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) often yields nonspecific findings. Bowel ultrasound (BUS) provides additional information beyond that of abdominal radiographs and may be helpful in the diagnosis of NEC in neonates. We systematically reviewed and aggregated existing literature to get a better estimate of diagnostic accuracy of BUS in the diagnosis of NEC. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature to identify studies in which infants with clinically suspected NEC were evaluated using BUS. Studies that used modified Bell staging criteria as the reference standard were included. Study quality was assessed, and pooled sensitivity and specificity of various BUS findings for diagnosing NEC were determined. Six articles with a total of 462 patients met eligibility and inclusion criteria. There was heterogeneity in BUS findings evaluated across studies. Ultrasound detection of classic signs of NEC (portal venous gas, pneumatosis, and free air) had pooled sensitivities ranging from 0.27 to 0.48 and pooled specificities ranging from 0.91 to 0.99. Bowel wall thinning and absent peristalsis had overall low sensitivity (0.22 and 0.30) but high specificity (0.96 and 0.96) for NEC. Assessment of abdominal fluid, which included ascites and focal fluid collection, also had overall low sensitivity and high specificity (simple ascites: 0.45 and 0.92; focal fluid collection: 0.19 and 0.98). In summary, individual BUS findings have low sensitivity and high specificity for diagnosis of NEC. Bowel ultrasound may be a useful adjunct to plain abdominal radiographs in the evaluation of infants with clinical suspicion of NEC.
Modified Methods of Fabricating Helix and Antihelix in Total Auricular Reconstruction Based on Different Length of Eighth Costal Cartilage
Authors: Yang Meirong , Jiang Haiyue , Li Huibin , Yu Xiaobo , Zhang Ye , Pan Bo 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Attaining an ideal appearance of the reconstructed ear depends primarily on the fabricated cartilaginous ear framework. Despite the role of eighth costal cartilage, the length of the eighth rib cartilage is difficult to anticipate, and growth of the eighth cartilage is variable. The authors discussed modified methods of fabricating helix and antihelix based on different length of eighth costal cartilage.

Methods:
Based on the actual length of the eighth costal cartilage, patients were divided into group A and group B. In group A, the eighth costal cartilage was divided into 2 parts. Part I was used to fashion the helix, whereas part II was used to fabricate the antihelix and superior crus. In group B, the seventh costal cartilage was cut into 3 parts. Part I and part II were used to fashion the helix, antihelix, and superior crus as group A did. Part III was assembled to the lateral part of the framework to form the inferior crus.

Results:
A total of 56 patients underwent auricular reconstruction adopting the modified techniques between 2015 and 2016. Three cases have been selected to illustrate the favorable result achieved. They revealed that the helix, antihelix, superior crus, and inferior crus all appeared distinct and presented a favorable result of the contour of the reconstructed auricle.

Conclusions:
Based on different length of eighth costal cartilage, modified methods of fabricating helix and antihelix make full use of the autogenous costal cartilage, elevate anatomical details, and enhance the overall aesthetics of reconstructed ear. The great majority of patients have satisfactory surgical outcomes, demonstrating that personalized treatment is necessary.
Intralesional Bleomycin Injection for Propranolol-Resistant Hemangiomas
Authors: Chang Lei , Chen Hui , Yang Xi , Jin Yunbo , Ma Gang , Lin Xiaoxi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Propranolol has been the first-line treatment for alarming hemangiomas. However, some hemangiomas are propranolol-resistant. The authors reported 1 propranolol-resistant hemangioma which was treated with intralesional bleomycin injections. Sixteen months after 3 injections, the lesion still remained stable. Its potential mechanism was clarified by ultrasonic monitoring. Intralesional bleomycin injection can be considered an ideal option in treating propranolol-resistant hemangiomas.
The Infraorbital Foramen Is Located Midway Between the Nasospinale and Jugale: Considerations for Infraorbital Nerve Block and Maxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Zdilla Matthew J. , Koons Aaron W. , Russell Michelle L. , Mangus Kelsey R. , Bliss Kaitlyn N. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Identification of the infraorbital foramen is important in infraorbital nerve block and the prevention of iatrogenic injury of the infraorbital nerve in maxillofacial surgeries. This study assessed the location of 887 infraorbital foramina from 518 adult crania of varied sex and population. The study assessed the midpoint of a line segment spanning from nasospinale to jugale (NS-J) relative to the infraorbital foramen. The mean distance of the NS-J midpoint from the infraorbital foramen was 2.1 ± 1.9 mm (mean ± SD) with a mode of 0 mm (266:887; 30%). The NS-J midpoint was located in the same plane or inferior to the infraorbital foramen in 98.4% of sides (873:887). There were no significant differences between sexes, populations, or sides with regard to the NS-J midpoint to infraorbital foramen distance. The NS-J midpoint can be used to locate the infraorbital foramen in both females and males of varied populations regardless of craniofacial diversity. The results of this study will aid in infraorbital nerve block procedures and maxillofacial surgery.
Posterior Vault Distraction Osteogenesis in Nonsyndromic Patients: An Evaluation of Indications and Safety
Authors: Zhang Rosaline S. , Wes Ari M. , Naran Sanjay , Hoppe Ian C. , Sun James , Mazzaferro Daniel , Bartlett Scott P. , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the indications, safety, and short-term outcomes of posterior vault distraction osteogenesis (PVDO) in patients with no identified acrocephalosyndactyly syndrome (study) and to compare those to a syndromic cohort (controls).

Methods:
Demographic and perioperative data were recorded and compared across the study and control groups for those who underwent PVDO between January 2009 and December 2016. Univariate analysis was conducted using χ
2 and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables, and Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables.

Results:
Sixty-three subjects were included: 19 in the nonsyndromic cohort, 44 in the syndromic cohort. The cohorts had similar proportion of subjects exhibiting pansynostosis (42.1% of nonsyndromic versus 36.4% of syndromic, P = 0.667). The nonsyndromic cohort was significantly older (4.04 ± 3.66 years versus 2.55 ± 3.34 years, P = 0.046) and had higher rate of signs of raised intracranial pressure (68.4% versus 25.0%, P = 0.001) than the syndromic cohort. There was no significant difference in perioperative variables or rate of complications (P > 0.05). The mean total advancement distance achieved was similar, 27 ± 6 mm in the nonsyndromic versus 28 ± 8 mm in the syndromic cohort (P = 0.964). All nonsyndromic subjects with signs of raised intracranial pressure demonstrated improvement at an average follow-up of 22 months.

Conclusion:
As in the syndromic patient, PVDO is a safe and, in the short-term, effective modality for cranial vault expansion in the nonsyndromic patient. The benefits and favorable perioperative profile of PVDO may therefore be extended to patient populations other than those with syndromic craniosynostosis.