bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autologous bioscaffolds based on different concentrations of platelet rich plasma and synovial fluid as a vehicle for mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Garate Ane , Sánchez Pello , Delgado Diego , Bilbao Ane Miren , Muiños‐López Emma , Granero‐Moltó Froilán , Orive Gorka , Prosper Felipe , Pedraz José Luis , Sánchez Mikel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn the field of tissue engineering, diverse types of bioscaffolds are being developed currently for osteochondral defect applications. In this work, a novel scaffold based on platelet rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been evaluated to observe its effect on immobilized cells. The bioscaffolds were prepared by mixing different volumes of synovial fluid (SF) with PRP from patients obtaining three formulations at PRP‐SF ratios of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 (v/v). The live/dead staining revealed that although the cell number of each type of bioscaffold was different, these this constructs provide cells with a suitable environment for their viability and proliferation. Moreover, immobilized MSCs showed their ability to secrete fibrinolytic enzymes, which vary depending on the fibrin amount of the scaffold. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the positive staining for collagen type II in all cases, proving the biologic action of SF derived MSCs together with the suitable characteristics of the bioscaffold for chondrogenic differentiation. Considering all these aspects, this study demonstrates that these cells‐based constructs represent an attractive method for cell immobilization, achieving completely autologous and biocompatible scaffolds. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 377–385, 2018.
Quality assessment of Herba Leonuri based on the analysis of multiple components using normal‐ and reversed‐phase chromatographic methods
Authors: Dong Shuya , He Jiao , Hou Huiping , Shuai Yaping , Wang Qi , Yang Wenling , Sun Zheng , Li Qing , Bi Kaishun , Liu Ran 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA novel, improved, and comprehensive method for quality evaluation and discrimination of Herba Leonuri has been developed and validated based on normal‐ and reversed‐phase chromatographic methods. To identify Herba Leonuri, normal‐ and reversed‐phase high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography fingerprints were obtained by comparing the colors and Rf values of the bands, and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography fingerprints were obtained by using an Agilent Poroshell 120 SB‐C18 within 28 min. By similarity analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis, we show that there are similar chromatographic patterns in Herba Leonuri samples, but significant differences in counterfeits and variants. To quantify the bio‐active components of Herba Leonuri, reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography was performed to analyze syringate, leonurine, quercetin‐3‐O‐robiniaglycoside, hyperoside, rutin, isoquercitrin, wogonin, and genkwanin simultaneously by single standard to determine multi‐components method with rutin as internal standard. Meanwhile, normal‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography was performed by using an Agilent ZORBAX HILIC Plus within 6 min to determine trigonelline and stachydrine using trigonelline as internal standard. Innovatively, among these compounds, bio‐active components of quercetin‐3‐O‐robiniaglycoside and trigonelline were first determined in Herba Leonuri. In general, the method integrating multi‐chromatographic analyses offered an efficient way for the standardization and identification of Herba Leonuri.
Maps of Mori Dream Spaces in Cox coordinates Part I: existence of descriptions
Authors: Buczyński J. , Kędzierski O. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAny rational map between affine spaces, projective spaces or toric varieties can be described in terms of their affine, homogeneous, or Cox coordinates. We show an analogous statement in the setting of Mori Dream Spaces. More precisely (in the case of regular maps) we show that there exists a finite extension of the Cox ring of the source, such that the regular map lifts to a morphism from the Cox ring of the target to the finite extension. Moreover the extension only involves roots of homogeneous elements. Such a description of the map can be applied in practical computations.
Physiotherapists utilizing diagnostic ultrasound in shoulder clinics. How useful do patients find immediate feedback from the scan as part of the management of their problem?
Authors: Lumsden Gordon , Lucas‐Garner Kerry , Sutherland Sarah , Dodenhoff Ron 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimsPhysiotherapists are beginning to utilize diagnostic ultrasound imaging in upper limb/shoulder clinics. The aim of the present study was to receive feedback on the views of the patients concerning the usefulness of the information obtained immediately from the scan in the management of their problem.MethodsA questionnaire was offered to all patients attending a physiotherapist‐led upper limb/shoulder clinic who underwent ultrasound imaging as part of a shoulder assessment over a 6‐month period. A total of 103 patients completed a questionnaire for analysis.ResultsPatients rated the ultrasound scan to be of benefit in all aspects. Regarding the ability to understand their shoulder problem better and in feeling reassured about their problem, 97% of patients either strongly agreed or agreed that this was the case. Concerning the capability of managing their problem, 89% of patients strongly agreed or agreed that they felt more able to do this. In total, 96% of patients evaluated the ultrasound scan to be of very high/high value to them.ConclusionPatients highly rate the information gained from ultrasound imaging in a physiotherapy‐led upper limb/shoulder clinic and felt that it assisted them in the understanding, reassurance and management of their problem.
L1 synthesis of a static output controller for positive systems by LMI iteration
Authors: Saeki Masami 
Published: September 2017

SummaryAn approach to find a static output feedback gain that makes the feedback system positive and minimizes the L1 gain is proposed. The problem of finding a static output feedback gain has 3 aspects: stabilizing the system, making the system positive, and then minimizing the L1 gain. Each subproblem is described by bilinear matrix inequality with respect to the feedback gain and the Lyapunov matrix or vector. Linear matrix inequality (LMI) that is sufficient to satisfy bilinear matrix inequality is derived using a convex‐concave decomposition, and the feedback gain sequence is calculated by an iterative solution of LMI. The sequence of the upper bounds on the design parameter is guaranteed to be monotonically nonincreasing for each algorithm. Similarly, 2 other LMIs are derived for each subproblem using another convex‐concave decomposition and PK iteration. The effectiveness of these algorithms is illustrated via several numerical examples.
Justice‐centered science pedagogy: A catalyst for academic achievement and social transformation
Authors: Morales‐Doyle Daniel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLongstanding inequities in science education across the lines of race and class remain the most intractable problem in the field. Justice‐centered science pedagogy is introduced as a theoretical framework built on the traditions of critical pedagogy and culturally relevant pedagogy to address these inequities as components of larger oppressive systems. This study examines how a justice‐centered advanced chemistry class in an urban neighborhood high school supported students to succeed academically while taking up urgent issues of social and environmental justice identified by their communities. The findings include evidence that curriculum organized around an issue of environmental racism supported academic achievement that exceeded the expectations of a typical high school chemistry course. The findings also document how the curriculum provided opportunities for students to move beyond academic achievement to position themselves as transformative intellectuals. As transformative intellectuals, students demonstrated complex thinking about science and social justice issues, cultivated their commitment to their communities and cultures of origin, and developed credibility as local youth knowledgeable in science. These findings have implications for teachers, teacher educators, and educational researchers who wish to engage with science education as a catalyst for social transformation.
Learning progressions in context: Tensions and insights from a semester‐long middle school modeling curriculum
Authors: Pierson Ashlyn E. , Clark Douglas B. , Sherard Max K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSchwarz and colleagues have proposed and refined a learning progression for modeling that provides a valuable template for envisioning increasingly sophisticated levels of modeling practice at an aggregate level (Fortus, Shwartz, & Rosenfeld, ; Schwarz et al., ; Schwarz, Reiser, Archer, Kenyon, & Fortus, ). Thinking about learning progressions for modeling, however, involves challenges in coordinating between aggregate arcs in the curriculum and individual student learning trajectories. First, individual student performance is often dependent on students’ epistemic aims and the nature of the conceptual and representational context. Second, approaches for longitudinally supporting students in modeling is a relatively nascent endeavor, although notable exemplars have been developed (e.g., IQWST). Third, research on the highest levels of the proposed progression is often hypothetical, because few students demonstrate high‐level modeling practices in typical classrooms. In response to these challenges, we conducted a semester‐long design‐based study of eighth graders engaging in diagrammatic, physical, and computational modeling. In this paper, we explore conceptual and representational contexts designed to support sophisticated modeling practices and beliefs, analyze the nature of high‐level performances achieved through these contexts, and suggest revisions to the articulation of the Schwarz and colleagues learning progression to increase its utility and generalizability when viewed through a resource‐related lens.
Impact of structural weighting on a latent Dirichlet allocation–based feature location technique
Authors: Eddy Brian P. , Kraft Nicholas A. , Gray Jeff 
Published: September 2017

AbstractText retrieval–based feature location techniques (FLTs) use information from the terms present in documents in classes and methods. However, relevant terms originating from certain locations (eg, method names) often comprise only a small part of the entire method lexicon. Feature location techniques should benefit from techniques that make greater use of this information. The primary objective of this study was to investigate how weighting terms from different locations in source code can improve a latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA)‐based FLT. We conducted an empirical study of 4 subject software systems and 372 features. For each subject system, we trained 1024 different LDA models with new weighting schemes applied to leading comments, method names, parameters, body comments, and local variables. We conducted both a quantitative and qualitative analysis to identify the effects of using the weighting schemes on the performance of the LDA‐based FLT. We evaluated weighting schemes based on mean reciprocal rank and spread of effectiveness measures. In addition, we conducted a factorial analysis to identify which locations have a main impact on the results of the FLT. We then examined the effects of adding information from class comments, class names, and fields to the top 10 configurations for each system. This results in an additional 640 different LDA models for each system. From our results, we identified a significant effect in the performance of an LDA‐based weighting configuration when applying our weighting schemes to the LDA‐based FLT. Furthermore, we found that adding information from each method's containing class can improve the effectiveness of an LDA‐based FLT. Finally, we identified a set of recommendations for identifying better weighting schemes for LDA.
Randomized, dose‐controlled double‐blind trial: Efficacy of an ethanolic kava (Piper methysticum rhizome) extract for the treatment of anxiety in elderly patients
Authors: Kuchta Kenny , de Nicola Pietro , Schmidt Mathias 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTAimKava, an aqueous drink from the roots and peeled rootstock of the plant Piper methysticum G.Forst., is renowned in Melanesia, Polynesia and Micronesia for its relaxant effect. Modern extract preparations with defined contents of kavalactones – the major active constituents – are well established as herbal medicinal products on the European market. The aim of this trial was to present data on the clinical efficacy of an ethanolic kava extract.MethodsIn the present double‐blind clinical trial, the differences in clinical outcome between a low dose of ethanolic kava extract (equivalent to 20 mg kavalactones daily) and a respective high dose (equivalent to 200 mg kavalactones daily) were investigated. Patients with anxiety disorders were randomized into the two groups, resulting in 33 patients in the high‐dose group and 36 patients in the low‐dose group. The study duration was 4 weeks; the primary parameter was the Hamilton anxiety (HAMA) score. Global efficacy was rated by the physician at the end of the study. Safety of application was based on the documentation of adverse events.ResultsThe high‐dose group was statistically significantly superior to the low‐dose group on HAMA total score and its subscores for psychological and physical manifestations of anxiety (P < 0.001), with a total improvement of −41.5% versus −13.6% relative to baseline HAMA total score on day 28. No adverse events occurred.ConclusionKava preparations have a dose‐dependent anxiolytic effect.
Effective transport properties of composites with a doubly‐periodic array of fiber pairs and with a triangular array of fibers
Authors: Yan P. , Zhang Z. A. , Chen F. L. , Jiang C. P. , Wang X. J. , Qiu Z. P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a complex variable solution for the effective transport properties of composites with a doubly‐periodic array of fiber pairs. By using the centrosymmetry of the problem, the method of Rayleigh and Natanzon‐Filshtinsky's approach can be simply extended to the problems with two fibers per unit cell. The infinite system constructed in this paper only slightly complicates Rayleigh's system for the problems with one fiber per unit cell. Approximate analytical formulae of the effective transport properties for different fiber‐pair arrays are obtained. The influence of pairwise interaction in fiber pairs on the effective transport properties is discussed in the numerical examples. As a special case of a doubly‐periodic array of fiber pairs, effective transport property of composites with a triangular array of fibers is obtained. The obtained approximate analytical formulae are written in a concise form with good accuracy, thus are convenient for engineering application in most cases, except for those approaching the limit case of percolation when the perfectly conducting fibers become touching. Besides the square array and hexagonal array, the triangular fiber array (similar to carbon atom arrangement in graphene) is another special symmetric fiber array which results into transversely isotropic effective property. Therefore, the present solution for the triangular array is an extension of those for the square array and hexagonal array. The comparison of the results for the three symmetric fiber arrays reveals that the triangular fiber array has the highest conductivity. In addition, accuracy of the present solution is analyzed in the numerical examples.
EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation
Authors: Bony Sandrine , Stevens Bjorn , Ament Felix , Bigorre Sebastien , Chazette Patrick , Crewell Susanne , Delanoë Julien , Emanuel Kerry , Farrell David , Flamant Cyrille , Gross Silke , Hirsch Lutz , Karstensen Johannes , Mayer Bernhard , Nuijens Louise , Ruppert James H. , Sandu Irina , Siebesma Pier , Speich Sabrina , Szczap Frédéric , Totems Julien , Vogel Raphaela , Wendisch Manfred , Wirth Martin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTrade-wind cumuli constitute the cloud type with the highest frequency of occurrence on Earth, and it has been shown that their sensitivity to changing environmental conditions will critically influence the magnitude and pace of future global warming. Research over the last decade has pointed out the importance of the interplay between clouds, convection and circulation in controling this sensitivity. Numerical models represent this interplay in diverse ways, which translates into different responses of trade-cumuli to climate perturbations. Climate models predict that the area covered by shallow cumuli at cloud base is very sensitive to changes in environmental conditions, while process models suggest the opposite. To understand and resolve this contradiction, we propose to organize a field campaign aimed at quantifying the physical properties of trade-cumuli (e.g., cloud fraction and water content) as a function of the large-scale environment. Beyond a better understanding of clouds-circulation coupling processes, the campaign will provide a reference data set that may be used as a benchmark for advancing the modelling and the satellite remote sensing of clouds and circulation. It will also be an opportunity for complementary investigations such as evaluating model convective parameterizations or studying the role of ocean mesoscale eddies in air–sea interactions and convective organization.
Guidelines: The do’s, don’ts and don’t knows of direct observation of clinical skills in medical education
Authors: Kogan Jennifer R. , Hatala Rose , Hauer Karen E. , Holmboe Eric 
Published: September 2017

Introduction Direct observation of clinical skills is a key assessment strategy in competency-based medical education. The guidelines presented in this paper synthesize the literature on direct observation of clinical skills. The goal is to provide a practical list of Do’s, Don’ts and Don’t Knows about direct observation for supervisors who teach learners in the clinical setting and for educational leaders who are responsible for clinical training programs. Methods We built consensus through an iterative approach in which each author, based on their medical education and research knowledge and expertise, independently developed a list of Do’s, Don’ts, and Don’t Knows about direct observation of clinical skills. Lists were compiled, discussed and revised. We then sought and compiled evidence to support each guideline and determine the strength of each guideline. Results A final set of 33 Do’s, Don’ts and Don’t Knows is presented along with a summary of evidence for each guideline. Guidelines focus on two groups: individual supervisors and the educational leaders responsible for clinical training programs. Guidelines address recommendations for how to focus direct observation, select an assessment tool, promote high quality assessments, conduct rater training, and create a learning culture conducive to direct observation. Conclusions High frequency, high quality direct observation of clinical skills can be challenging. These guidelines offer important evidence-based Do’s and Don’ts that can help improve the frequency and quality of direct observation.
Publics and Participation in the Three Kingdoms: Was There Such a Thing as “British Public Opinion” in the Seventeenth Century?
Authors: Harris Tim 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis article explores where the people fit in to British history and whether there was such a thing as British public opinion in the seventeenth century. It argues that given the nature of the Stuart multiple monarchy, and the way the power structures of that monarchy impinged upon Ireland, Scotland, and England, the Stuarts' political authority was at times publicly negotiated on a Britannic level. People across Britain were engaged with British affairs: there was public opinion about British politics, in other words, albeit not British public opinion, since the people were bitterly divided at this time. However, because the crisis that brought down Charles I had been a three-kingdoms crisis, which in turn had helped spark the growth of a more sophisticated British news culture, the Restoration monarchy became increasingly sensitive to the need to try to keep public opinion across the Britannic archipelago on its side. In response to the challenge of the Whigs during the Exclusion Crisis, Charles II and his Tory allies sought to rally public support across England, Scotland, and Ireland and thus to represent “British public opinion” as being in favor of the hereditary succession. It was a representation, however, that remained contested.
Introduction: Publics and Participation in Early Modern Britain
Authors: Stewart Laura A. M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe deconstruction of what is termed “the public sphere” in recent decades has resulted in an important shift in scholarly attention towards networks and forms of association. This article explores how greater sensitivity to the unstable and ephemeral nature of “publics,” combined with a stronger awareness of the role of cultural exchange, has undoubtedly enriched our understanding of early modern politics. Some analytical precision has, nonetheless, been lost. A justifiable emphasis on the artificiality of the territorial borders that have defined units of enquiry has occurred at the expense of deeper consideration of the cultural boundaries that dictated the terms on which people could participate in and shape public discourse. Study of the British archipelago can offer new ways of thinking about these problems. Linguistic and ethnic differences, the search for religious concord as well as the reality of confessional division, institutional variation, and the consequences of London's increasing dominance of the archipelago, are key facets of the reassessments undertaken here. The article concludes by reflecting on how interactions between varieties of “public” and other forms of association can nuance our understanding of early modern state formation.