bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA–DPB1 as a Risk Factor for Relapse in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis: A Cohort Study
Authors: Hilhorst Marc , Arndt Fabian , Joseph Kemna Michael , Wieczorek Stefan , Donner Yoni , Wilde Benjamin , Thomas Epplen Jörg , van Paassen Pieter , Cohen Tervaert Jan Willem 
Published: February 2016

ObjectiveThe antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitides (AAVs) form a group of small‐vessel vasculitides with systemic involvement. Although the etiology of AAVs remains largely unknown, both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated. Recently, certain alleles in the HLA–DPB1 region on chromosome 6 were shown to be associated with proteinase 3 (PR3)–ANCA–positive AAV but not with myeloperoxidase (MPO)–ANCA–positive AAV. The aim of this study was to investigate whether different alleles in the HLA–DPB1 region have clinical and/or prognostic implications in AAV.MethodsOne hundred seventy‐four patients with a diagnosis of AAV were recruited at the Maastricht University Medical Centre between 2000 and 2009. Seventeen different HLA–DPB1 alleles were determined using the restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. A validation cohort of 170 AAV patients from the Vasculitis Centre of Luebeck/Bad Bramstedt was included.ResultsIn the initial cohort, the distribution of HLA–DPB1 alleles was significantly different between PR3‐ANCA–positive compared with MPO‐ANCA–positive AAV patients, ANCA‐negative AAV patients, and healthy controls. Importantly, HLA–DPB1*04:01 was present in 90% of PR3‐ANCA–positive AAV patients compared with 63% of MPO‐ANCA–positive AAV patients, 58% of ANCA‐negative patients, and 63% of healthy controls. Patients homozygous for HLA–DPB1*04:01 had relapses more often compared with heterozygous patients and noncarrier patients. This association persisted after correction for ANCA subtype and diagnosis. In the validation cohort, patients homozygous for HLA–DPB1*04:01 and those heterozygous for HLA–DPB1*04:01 had relapses more often compared with noncarrier patients. When both patient cohorts were merged (n = 344), homozygous patients relapsed most often, followed by heterozygous patients and noncarrier patients.ConclusionCarriage of HLA–DPB1*04:01 in patients with AAV is significantly associated with an increased risk of relapse compared with HLA–DPB1*04:01–negative patients, irrespective of ANCA status or clinical AAV entity.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Alterations in Bone Marrow Lesions in Patients With Hip Osteoarthritis
Authors: Campbell T. Mark , Churchman Sarah M. , Gomez Alejandro , McGonagle Dennis , Conaghan Philip G. , Ponchel Frederique , Jones Elena 
Published: February 2016

ObjectiveIn patients with osteoarthritis (OA), bone marrow lesions (BMLs) are intimately linked to disease progression. We hypothesized that aberrant multipotential stromal cell (also known as mesenchymal stem cell [MSC]) responses within bone tissue contributes to BML pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to investigate BML and non‐BML native subchondral bone MSCs for numeric, topographic, in vitro functional, and gene expression differences.MethodsEx vivo 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the femoral heads of 20 patients with hip OA was performed. MRI‐determined BML and non‐BML regions were excised and enzymatically treated to extract cells and quantify MSCs using flow cytometry and colony‐forming unit–fibroblast (CFU‐F) assay. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine in vivo CD271+ MSC distribution. Culture‐expanded CD271+ cells were analyzed for tripotentiality and gene expression.ResultsBML regions were associated with greater trabecular bone area and cartilage damage compared with non‐BML regions. The proportion of CD45−CD271+ MSCs was higher in BML regions compared with non‐BML regions (median difference 5.6‐fold; P < 0.001); the CFU‐F assay showed a similar trend (median difference 4.3‐fold; P = 0.013). Immunohistochemistry revealed CD271+ cell accumulation in bone adjacent to cartilage defects and areas of osteochondral angiogenesis. BML MSCs had lower proliferation and mineralization capacities in vitro and altered expression of TNFSF11/RANKL and CXCR4/stromal cell–derived factor 1 receptor. OA MSCs showed up‐regulated transcripts for CXCR1 and CCR6 compared with MSCs derived from healthy or osteoporotic bone.ConclusionThis study is the first to show numeric and topographic alterations in native MSCs in the diseased bone of patients with hip OA. Given the associated functional perturbation of MSCs, these data suggest that subchondral bone MSC manipulation may be an OA treatment target.
A Molecular Analysis of the Shared Epitope Hypothesis: Binding of Arthritogenic Peptides to DRB1*04 Alleles
Authors: Anderson Kirsten M. , Roark Christina L. , Portas Mary , Aubrey Michael T. , Rosloniec Edward F. , Freed Brian M. 
Published: February 2016

ObjectiveThe shared epitope hypothesis posits that amino acids QR/KRAA in positions 70–74 of the DRΒ1 chain are responsible for rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility. However, even DRB1*04 alleles containing the shared epitope vary greatly with respect to degrees of susceptibility. This study was undertaken to conduct a molecular examination of the shared epitope hypothesis by measuring binding of arthritogenic peptides to susceptibility and resistance alleles.MethodsWe measured binding of native and citrullinated forms of vimentin66–78 and α‐enolase11–25 and noncitrullinated type II collagen258–272 to 88 class II alleles on Luminex beads (which includes alleles of many varying degrees of susceptibility and resistance). We expressed DRΒ1*04:01, *04:02, and *08:01 in T2 cells and mutated DRΒ1*04:01 at positions 67, 70, 71, 74, and 86 to corresponding residues in DRB1*04:02, *04:03, *04:04, *04:05, and *08:01. Finally, we measured responses of 4 DRΒ1*04:01 restricted collagen258–272 T cell hybridomas against wild‐type DRΒ1*04:01, *04:02, and all mutated alleles.ResultsThe most susceptible allele, DRΒ1*04:01, preferentially bound citrullinated vimentin66–78 and citrullinated α‐enolase11–25 over the native forms. DRΒ1*04:02 exhibited no preference for citrullinated peptides, and *08:01 preferred native peptides. Similarly, DRB1*04:01 bound collagen258–272, but *04:02 and *08:01 did not. Mutating DRΒ1*04:01 at positions 70, 71, 74, and 86 to the corresponding residues in DRΒ1*04:02 or *08:01 dramatically reduced the specificity for citrullinated peptides and collagen258–272 binding.ConclusionThese observations demonstrate that while amino acids at positions 70, 71, and 74 within the shared epitope in DRΒ1 mediate binding and T cell responses of arthritogenic peptides, position 86 outside the shared epitope also plays a critical role.
Dichotomy in the population of young AGN: Optical, radio, and X‐ray properties
Authors: Kunert‐Bajraszewska M. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThere are numerous examples of radio sources with various sizes which surprisingly exhibit very similar morphology. This observational fact helped to create a standard evolutionary model in which young and small radio‐loud active galactic nuclei (AGN), called gigahertz‐peaked spectrum (GPS) sources and compact steep spectrum (CSS) sources, become largescale radio objects. However, many details of this evolutionary process are still unclear. We explored evolution scenarios of radio‐loud AGN using new radio, optical and X‐ray data of so far unstudied low luminosity compact (LLC) sources and we summarize the results in this paper. Our studies show that the evolutionary track is very “individualized” although we can mention common factors affecting it. These are interaction with the ambient medium and AGN power. The second feature affects the production of the radio jets which, if they are weak, are more vulnerable for instabilities and disruption. Thus not all GPS and CSS sources will be able to develop large scale morphologies. Many will fade away being middleaged (105 yr). It seems that only radio strong, high excitation compact AGN can be progenitors of large‐scale FRII radio sources. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The high‐energy view of young radio sources: X‐ray and gamma‐ray observations
Authors: Migliori G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAccording to theoretical predictions, young extragalactic radio sources may release a significant fraction of their total radiative power in the high‐energy domain. X‐ray emission is expected from the central active galactic nucleus (AGN), and from the extended radio components, jet, hot spots, and lobes. The X‐rays should also trace the interactions of the radio source with its environment, and reveal to us how the young source clears its way out of the host galaxy and finally reaches the giant stage. Observational campaigns with Chandra and XMM‐Newton telescopes have confirmed that young radio sources are indeed relatively X‐ray luminous. Recently, efforts have been undertaken to obtain a complete X‐ray view of the whole population of young sources, focusing on the youngest and faintest objects. At the same time, the study of the X‐ray properties of the samples of quasars and galaxies provides us with clues on the nature of the observed high‐energy emission. In specific cases, X‐ray and multi‐wavelength data allow for a direct test of the different models. A detection in the y‐ray band would represent a robust proof of a non‐thermal, high‐energy component and the launch of the Fermi telescope has opened the hunt to young radio sources in the y‐ray window. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Radio properties of the γ ‐ray emitting CSO candidate 2234+282
Authors: An T. , Cui Y.‐Z. , Gabányi K. É. , Frey S. , Baan W. A. , Zhao W. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMost of the γ ‐ray emitting active galactic nuclei (AGN) are blazars, although there is still a small fraction of non‐blazar AGN in the Fermi /LAT catalog. Among these misaligned γ ‐ray‐emitting AGN, a few can be classified as Compact Symmetric Objects (CSOs). In contrast to blazars in which γ ‐ray emission is generally thought to originate from highly beamed relativistic jets, the source of γ ‐ray emission in unbeamed CSOs remains an open question. The rarity of the γ ‐ray emitting CSOs is a mystery as well. Here we present the radio properties of the γ ‐ray CSO candidate 2234+282. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Biosensitive element in the form of immobilized luminescent photobacteria for detecting ecotoxicants in aqueous flow‐through systems
Authors: Efremenko Elena N. , Maslova Olga V. , Kholstov Alexander V. , Senko Olga V. , Ismailov Anvar D. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe demonstrated the possibility of long‐term and efficient application of a biosensitive element (BE) in the form of Photobacterium phosphoreum photobacteria immobilized in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) cryogel for detecting various ecotoxicants (Zn2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,6‐dimethylphenol, pentachlorophenol, coumaphos, malathion, chlorpyrifos and methyl parathion) in flow‐through media. The range of detectable concentrations of ecotoxicants was determined at 1 × 10−8 to 1 × 10−4 M for heavy metal ions and at 1 × 10−8 to 1 × 10−5 M for phenol derivatives and organophosphorus pesticides. Immobilized cells of photobacteria quantitatively reacted with these ecotoxicants; cell sensitivity exhibited no flow rate dependence in the range from 45 to 180 mL/h. At a constant concentration of ecotoxicant in the flow, the bioluminescence quenching profile of immobilized cells demonstrated an integral response. The BE could remain in a flow‐through medium for at least 10 days while retaining 95% of luminescent activity in the absence of ecotoxicants. The BE tested in this work was demonstrated to have a long shelf life (> 60 weeks) at −80°C without changes in the baseline level of bioluminescence. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Propensity score-matched outcomes analysis of the liver-first approach for synchronous colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Welsh F K S , Chandrakumaran K , John T G , Cresswell A B , Rees M 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Background
Liver resection before primary cancer resection is a novel strategy advocated for selected patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases (sCRLM). This study measured outcomes in patients with sCRLM following a liver-first or classical approach, and used a validated propensity score.

Methods
Clinical, pathological and follow-up data were collected prospectively from consecutive patients undergoing hepatic resection for sCRLM at a single centre (2004–2014). Cumulative disease-free survival (DFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated by means of Kaplan–Meier analysis. Survival differences were analysed in the whole cohort and in subgroups matched according to Basingstoke Predictive Index (BPI).

Results
Of 582 patients, 98 had a liver-first and 467 a classical approach to treatment; 17 patients undergoing simultaneous bowel and liver resection were excluded. The median (i.q.r.) BPI was significantly higher in the liver-first compared with the classical group: 8·5 (5–10) versus 8 (4–9) (P = 0·030). Median follow-up was 34 months. The 5-year DFS rate was lower in the liver-first group than in the classical group (23 versus 45·6 per cent; P = 0·001), but there was no difference in 5-year CSS (51 versus 53·8 per cent; P = 0·379) or OS (44 versus 49·6 per cent; P = 0·305). After matching for preoperative BPI, there was no difference in 5-year DFS (37 versus 41·2 per cent for liver-first versus classical approach; P = 0·083), CSS (51 versus 53·2 per cent; P = 0·616) or OS (47 versus 49·1 per cent; P = 0·846) rates.

Conclusion
Patients with sCRLM selected for a liver-first approach had more oncologically advanced disease and a poorer prognosis. They had inferior cumulative DFS than those undergoing a classical approach, a difference negated by matching preoperative BPI.
Psychologically informed practice (PIP) for staff working with offenders with personality disorder: A pragmatic exploratory trial in approved premises
Authors: Bruce Matt , Horgan Harry , Kerr Roz , Cullen Alexis , Russell Sam 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundRates of reoffending and recall are high among released male prisoners with personality disorder. There is a need for innovative intervention to reduce offending and increase staff confidence in working with such men.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel intervention consisting of training and consultation termed ‘psychologically informed practice’, within community‐based ‘approved premises’ for offenders.MethodA pragmatic exploratory trial was used to compare two premises in a South London borough licenced under criminal justice legislation to provide supervised accommodation for selected released prisoners. One used the PIP intervention for 12 months while the other (comparison group) functioned in a similar way but without this intervention. Outcome measures included staff attitudes and offender behaviours.ResultsSignificant improvements were observed only for the intervention group. Compared with baseline measures, significantly higher levels of knowledge and understanding of personality disorder as well as a greater sense of personal accomplishment were observed in staff who have been trained and supported in psychologically informed practice. Significantly lower rates of warnings and recalls to prison were observed only for the intervention group at 6 months following initial staff training.ConclusionPsychologically informed practice appears to be sufficiently advantageous for staff and offenders, and the trial feasible, which is a full‐scale multi‐centre trial, seems warranted. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Financial and Ecological Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Processes on Large Scale
Authors: Machhammer Otto , Bode Andreas , Hormuth Wolfgang 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHydrogen is widely seen as energy carrier of the future. Different technologies are under development to produce hydrogen at competitive cost but with significantly reduced carbon footprint. Two conventional technologies, namely, methane steam reforming and coal gasification, are compared based on product cost and carbon footprint with four new technologies, i.e., metal‐oxide cycle, water electrolysis, biomass gasification, and methane pyrolysis. To evaluate the carbon footprint for methane pyrolysis, system extension and differential methods are applied. For the boundary conditions selected here, methane pyrolysis yields very good values for product cost and carbon footprint. Therefore, a cross industry technology development of methane pyrolysis was initiated.
Confined‐Volume Effect on the Thermal Properties of Encapsulated Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: De Castro Paula F. , Ahmed Adham , Shchukin Dmitry G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe have encapsulated the heat exchange material, n‐docosane, into polyurethane capsules of different sizes. Decreasing the size of the capsules leads to changes of the crystallinity of phase‐change material as well as melting/crystallization temperature. The novelty of the paper includes 1) protection of the nanostructured energy‐enriched materials against environment during storage and controlled release of the encapsulated energy on demand and 2) study of the structure and surface‐to‐volume properties of the energy‐enriched materials dispersed in capsules of different sizes. The stability of energy nanomaterials, influence of capsule diameter on their energy capacity, homogeneity and operation lifetime are investigated.
Asymmetric, Three‐Component, One‐Pot Synthesis of Spiropyrazolones and 2,5‐Chromenediones from Aldol Condensation/NHC‐Catalyzed Annulation Reactions
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Sun , Chauhan Pankaj , Hack Daniel , Philipps Arne R. , Puttreddy Rakesh , Rissanen Kari , Raabe Gerhard , Enders Dieter 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA novel one‐pot, three‐component diastereo‐ and enantioselective synthesis of spiropyrazolones has been developed involving the aldol condensation of an enal to generate α,β‐unsaturated pyrazolones, which react with a second equivalent of enal through an N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐catalyzed [3+2] annulation. The desired spirocyclopentane pyrazolones are obtained in moderate to good yields and good to excellent stereoselectivities. Alternatively, starting from cyclic 1,3‐diketones, 2,5‐chromenediones are available through [2+4] annulation.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Carboxylation of Alkenylzirconocenes with Carbon Dioxide Leading to α,β‐Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Wang Sheng , Shao Peng , Chen Chao , Xi Chanjuan 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe in situ preparation of the required alkenylzirconocenes is described allowing the synthesis of the title products in a one‐pot process under mild conditions starting from internal alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Preparation of Pyrrolo[1,4]benzodiazepine Dilactams: Total Synthesis of Oxoprothracarcin, Boseongazepines B and C.
Authors: Smits Gints , Zemribo Ronalds 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe title preparation directly couples unprotected anthranilic acids [e.g.(I)] with proline esters [e.g.(II)] or proline acid (VII).
Erprobung eines thermochemischen Langzeitwärmespeichers auf Basis eines Zeolith/Salz‐Komposits
Authors: Nonnen Thomas , Beckert Steffen , Gleichmann Kristin , Brandt Alfons , Unger Baldur , Kerskes Henner , Mette Barbara , Bonk Sebastian , Badenhop Thomas , Salg Frank , Gläser Roger 
Published: February 2016

AbstractFür einen thermochemischen Langzeitwärmespeicher auf Basis von Wassersorption wurde ein Kompositmaterial bestehend aus CaCl2 auf Zeolith Ca‐X ausgehend von binderfreiem Zeolith Na‐X‐Granulat durch Ionenaustausch mit Ca2+‐Kationen und Imprägnierung mit CaCl2 im Technikumsmaßstab hergestellt. Die in einer Laborapparatur ermittelte materialbezogene Wärmespeicherdichte des Kompositmaterials erreicht gegenüber den salzfreien Zeolithen Ca‐X bzw. Na‐X eine Steigerung von bis zu 45 % bzw. 68 %. Für den Zeolith Na‐X wurde ein verfahrenstechnisches Konzept mit Förderung des Speichermaterials durch einen Vor‐ und Hauptreaktor in einem „Hardware in the Loop“‐Prüfstand demonstriert.
Catalytic conversion of glycerol to acrolein over MCM‐41 by the grafting of phosphorus species
Authors: Ma Tianlin , Ding Jianfei , Shao Rong , Yun Zhi 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe gas‐phase dehydration of aqueous glycerol to acrolein was investigated using phosphorus‐containing MCM‐41 (HP‐MCM‐41) mesoporous molecular sieves, which were prepared via impregnation of phosphoric acid on the MCM‐41. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, nitrogen adsorption‐desorption, FTIR, NH3‐TPD, and pyridine‐FTIR measurements. Nitrogen adsorption studies suggested that the uniform framework of MCM‐41 remained unchanged even after grafting phosphorus species on its surface. NH3‐TPD analysis confirmed that moderate acidic sites had a positive effect on the formation of acrolein. Pyridine‐FTIR results indicated that MCM‐41 with grafted phosphorus species can noticeably enhance the percentage of Brønsted acid sites. Moreover, Brønsted acid sites facilitated the production acrolein selectively confirmed by catalytic results. The effects of H3PO4 loading, calcination temperature, reaction temperature, and glycerol concentrations were also examined. The optimized 25HP‐MCM‐41 catalyst showed an 84 % selectivity of acrolein with glycerol conversion of 97 % at 320 °C.
Unilateral uveitis masquerade syndrome caused by diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma diagnosed using multiparametric flow cytometry of the aqueous humor
Authors: Monsalvo Silvia , Serrano Cristina , Prieto Elena , Fernández‐Sanz Guillermo , Puente Maria‐Camino , Rodriguez‐Pinilla Maria , Garcia Raso Aranzazu , Llamas Pilar , Cordoba Raul 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundThe uveitis masquerade syndromes (UMS) are a group of ocular diseases that may mimic chronic intraocular inflammation. Many malignant entities such as non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas may masquerade as uveitis. We report a case of an HIV‐positive patient with masquerade syndrome presenting unilateral uveitis.Case report45‐year‐old Caucasian man with a diagnosis of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The patient was diagnosed by a biopsy of an abdominal mass which showed fragments of gastric mucosa with diffuse growth of neoplastic cells. At diagnosis, the patient suffered from unilateral blurring of vision and a sudden decrease of left‐eye visual acuity. A slit‐lamp examination of the left eye revealed a diagnosis of anterior uveitis. The patient exhibited no signs of posterior uveitis. An anterior‐chamber paracentesis was performed and analyzed by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC), showing cells CD45, CD19, CD20, CD22, and CD38 positives, and moderate expression of CD10 with kappa light chain restriction, showing a monoclonal B‐cell population. The patient received CHOP‐R with intrathecal methotrexate followed by consolidation high dose methotrexate obtaining a complete response which is ongoing.ConclusionDifferential diagnosis between chronic uveitis and ocular lymphoma may be challenging. We advocate anterior‐chamber paracentesis in cases of refractory uveitis in patients with hematologic malignancies. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society