bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐Angiogenic Properties of Cafestol and Kahweol Palmitate Diterpene Esters
Authors: Moeenfard Marzieh , Cortez Alice , Machado Vera , Costa Raquel , Luís Carla , Coelho Pedro , Soares Raquel , Alves Arminda , Borges Nuno , Santos Alejandro 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTEpidemiological studies support the association of coffee‐specific diterpenes, with various beneficial health effects. Although anti‐antiangiogenic properties of free cafestol and kahweol have been recently described, available data regarding their esterified form, in particular palmitate esters as the main diterpene esters present in coffee, are still rare. Given that angiogenesis plays an important role in many pathological conditions, including cancer growth and metastasis, this study aimed to assess and compare the potential anti‐angiogenic effects of cafestol palmitate (CP) and kahweol palmitate (KP) in an in vitro angiogenesis model. According to our findings, both compounds inhibited angiogenesis steps on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs), although a more significant effect was observed for KP. Compared to control, HMVECs viability decreased in a dose‐dependent manner upon incubation either with CP or KP. Concentrations of 75 and 100 μM of each compound were cytotoxic. Cell proliferation was also dramatically reduced by both diterpene esters at 50 μM, although KP had a stronger inhibitory effect. However, CP and KP did not induce apoptosis on HMVECs. Both compounds reduced cell migration, but this effect was only statistically significant after KP incubation. Inhibition of VEGFR2 expression and its downstream effector Akt, but not Erk, was also observed in CP‐ and KP‐treated HMVECs. These findings were confirmed using ELISA assay for phosphorylated (active) VEGFR‐2. Taken together, these data indicate that both CP and KP can be considered potent compounds against angiogenesis‐dependent disorders. Our findings further indicate that KP exerts more potent anti‐angiogenic effects than CP, in most of assays. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2748–2756, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
N‐Linked Glycosylation Is Required for Vacuolar H+‐ATPase (V‐ATPase) a4 Subunit Stability, Assembly, and Cell Surface Expression
Authors: Esmail Sally , Yao Yeqi , Kartner Norbert , Li Jing , Reithmeier Reinhart A. F. , Manolson Morris F. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe a subunit is the largest of 14 different subunits that make up the V‐ATPase complex. In mammalian species this membrane protein has four paralogous isoforms, a1–a4. Clinically, a subunit isoforms are implicated in diverse diseases; however, little is known about their structure and function. The subunit has conserved, predicted N‐glycosylation sites, and the a3 isoform has been directly shown to be N‐glycosylated. Here we ask if human a4 (ATP6V0A4) is N‐glycosylated at the predicted site, Asn489. We transfected HEK 293 cells, using the pCDNA3.1 expression‐vector system, to express cDNA constructs of epitope‐tagged human a4 subunit, with or without mutations to eliminate the putative glycosylation site. Glycosylation was characterized also by treatment with endoglycosidases; expression and localization were assessed by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. Endoglycosidase‐treated wild type (WT) a4 showed increased relative mobility on immunoblots, compared with untreated WT a4. This relative mobility was identical to that of unglycosylated mutant a4N489D, demonstrating that the a4 subunit is glycosylated. Cycloheximide pulse‐chase experiments showed that the unglycosylated subunit degraded at a higher rate than the N‐glycosylated form. Unglycosylated a4 was degraded mostly in the proteasomal pathway, but also, in part, through the lysosomal pathway. Immunofluorescence colocalization data showed that unglycosylated a4 was mostly retained in the ER, and that plasma membrane trafficking was defective. Co‐immunoprecipitation studies suggested that a4N489D does not assemble with the V‐ATPase V1 domain. Taken together, these data show that N‐glycosylation plays a crucial role in a4 stability, and in V‐ATPase assembly and trafficking to the plasma membrane. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2757–2768, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of NH4Br additive on mercury transformation and removal during CFB coal combustion
Authors: Zhao Shilin , Duan Yufeng , Zhou Qiang , Zhu Chun , Liu Meng , Lu Jianhong 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDMercury emission from coal‐fired power plants has caused widespread concern. Halogen is considered to be a good mercury oxidant and many researchers have added it into the coal for mercury removal. However, the mechanism of mercury transformation is still not clear. Effects of NH4Br additive on mercury transformation and removal were studied on a 6 kWth circulating fluidized bed (CFB) coal combustor. The main goal of this work is to explore in detail the mercury transformation mechanism in the presence of bromine.RESULTSResults showed that the concentration of Hg0 and Hg2+ in the flue gas was 2.003 and 2.434 µg m−3, respectively, while Hgp was 14.866 µg m−3 during the raw coal combustion. By adding more NH4Br, the content of Hg0 and Hg2+ decreased while the content of Hgp increased. At an NH4Br addition amount of 0.3%, Hg0 transformation rate and Hgg removal rate reached maximum values of 78.85% and 76.83%, respectively. Some mercury compounds (such as HgS(red), HgO, HgSO3) were further oxidized by active bromine with NH4Br addition.CONCLUSIONThe added NH4Br generates active bromine in the furnace, which promotes both homogeneous and heterogeneous oxidation of mercury. Adding NH4Br into coal benefits mercury removal during coal combustion. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Thermal pretreatment of microalgae for biomethane production: experimental studies, kinetics and energy analysis
Authors: Wang Meng , Lee Eunyoung , Dilbeck Merrill P , Liebelt Matthew , Zhang Qiong , Ergas Sarina J 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicroalgae grown on wastewater are promising feedstocks for biomethane production by anaerobic digestion. However, the hemicellulose composition of the microalgae cell wall inhibits hydrolysis of intracellular substances and limits their anaerobic digestibility. This study investigated enhancement of biomethane production rates during anaerobic digestion of Chlorella sp. using thermal pretreatment at varying temperatures. Experimental data were fitted to three simplified kinetic models and an energy analysis was performed to gain insights into this potential application of thermal pretreatment.RESULTSMethane yields from untreated algae were 155 mL g−1 VSadd, while thermal pretreatment at 70 °C and 90 °C for 0.5 h increased the methane yield by 37% and 48%, respectively. Thermal pretreatment at 121 °C for 0.3 h resulted in the highest methane yield (322 mL g−1 VSadd), which is 108% higher than the untreated algae. Data from digestion of thermally pretreated microalgae were best described by a first‐order kinetic model. However, for untreated microalgae the Gompertz model, which includes a lag phase, provided the best fit to the methane production data.CONCLUSIONSThermal pretreatment improved the maximum methane production rate and shortened the lag period during anaerobic digestion. However, the energy balance indicated that pretreatment of microalgae could not achieve a positive energy balance compared with anaerobic digestion of untreated microalgae. Co‐digestion with other biomass or increasing the solids concentration of anaerobic digestion could be used to increase the overall energy efficiency. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Adhesion resistant chitosan coated iron oxide polyacrylonitrile mixed matrix membrane for disinfection of surface water
Authors: Mukherjee Munmun , Panda Swapna Rekha , De Sirshendu 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDSurface water possesses numerous microbial pathogens due to domestic disposal and poor sanitation. Most of the available conventional disinfection techniques are cost intensive and energy consuming. Being cost effective and environmentally friendly, membrane separation proves to be a better disinfection technology. However, fouling is the major challenge of this technology reducing its throughput. This study highlights preparation of fouling resistant chitosan coated iron oxide polyacrylonitrile (PAN) mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for disinfection of surface water.RESULTSIn this work, antimicrobial and anti‐adhesive properties of MMM are explored for disinfection of pond water with high organic load. Significance of incorporating nanoparticles and a coating of chitosan on removal of microorganisms was investigated. Adsorption of Escherichia coli on MMM was quantified and confirmed by FTIR. Improved antimicrobial properties of MMM against Escherichia coli was evident by a wider halo zone (7 cm). Up to 99.9% removal efficiency of microorganisms was attained. The membrane permeability was restored by simple cleaning with distilled water.CONCLUSIONThe MMM developed not only exhibited strong antimicrobial efficiency but also showed significant anti‐adhesive property making it a suitable candidate for purification of surface water. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Antipsychotic medication utilization in nonpsychiatric hospitalizations
Authors: Herzig Shoshana J. , Rothberg Michael B. , Guess Jamey R. , Gurwitz Jerry H. , Marcantonio Edward R. 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUNDAlthough antipsychotics are used for treatment of delirium/agitation in hospitalized patients, their scope of use has not been investigated in a large, multicenter cohort.OBJECTIVETo determine rates of use and hospital variation in use of antipsychotics in nonpsychiatric admissions.DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTSCohort study of adult, nonpsychiatric admissions to 300 US hospitals contributing data to the Premier database, from July 1, 2009 to June 30, 2010.MEASUREMENTSAntipsychotic exposure defined using pharmacy charges. Potentially excessive dosing defined using guidelines for long‐term care facilities.RESULTSOur cohort included 2,695,081 admissions (median age, 63 years; 56% female). Antipsychotic exposure occurred in 160,773 (6%) admissions; 102,148 (64%) received atypical antipsychotics, 76,979 (48%) received typical, and 18,354 (11%) received both. Among exposed admissions, 47% received ≥1 potentially excessive daily dose. Among the variables we analyzed, the strongest predictors of antipsychotic receipt were delirium (relative risk [RR]: 2.93, 95% CI: 2.88‐2.98) and dementia (RR: 2.78, 95% CI: 2.72‐2.83). After adjustment for patient characteristics, patients admitted to hospitals in the highest antipsychotic prescribing quintile were more than twice as likely to be exposed compared to patients admitted to hospitals in the lowest prescribing quintile (RR: 2.56, 95% CI: 2.50‐2.61). This relationship was similar across subgroups of admissions with delirium and dementia.CONCLUSIONSAntipsychotic medication exposure is common in nonpsychiatric admissions to US hospitals. The observed variation in antipsychotic prescribing was not fully explained by measured patient characteristics, suggesting the possibility of differing hospital prescribing cultures. Additional research and guidelines are necessary to define appropriate use of these potentially harmful medications in the hospital setting. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:543–549. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine
How well do patients and providers agree on the severity of dyspnea?
Authors: Stefan Mihaela S. , Priya Aruna , Martin Benjamin , Pekow Penelope S. , Rothberg Michael B. , Goldberg Robert J. , DiNino Ernest , Lindenauer Peter K. 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUNDUnderstanding the severity of patients' dyspnea is critical to avoid under‐ or overtreatment of patients with acute cardiopulmonary conditions.OBJECTIVETo evaluate the agreement between dyspnea assessment by patients and healthcare providers and to explore which factors contribute to discordance in assessment.DESIGN, SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTSProspective study of patients hospitalized for acute cardiopulmonary diseases at an urban teaching hospital.INTERVENTION AND MEASUREMENTSA numerical rating scale (0–10) was used to assess dyspnea severity as perceived by patients and assessed by providers. Agreement was defined as a score within ±1 between patient and healthcare provider; differences of ≥2 points were considered over‐ or underestimations. The relationship between patient self‐perceived dyspnea severity and provider rating was assessed using a weighted kappa coefficient.RESULTSOf the 138 patients enrolled, 33% had a diagnosis of heart failure, 30% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 13% pneumonia; median age was 72 years, and 57% were women. In all, 96 patient‐physician and 138 patient‐nurses pairs were included in the study. The kappa coefficient for agreement was 0.11 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01 to 0.21) between patients and physicians and 0.18 (95% CI: 0.12 to 0.24) between patients and nurses. Physicians underestimated patients' dyspnea 37.9% of the time and overestimated it 25.8% of the time, whereas nurses underestimated it 43.5% of the time and overestimated it 12.4% of the time. Admitting diagnosis was the only patient factor associated with discordance.CONCLUSIONSAgreement between patient perception of dyspnea and healthcare providers' assessment is low. Future studies should prospectively test whether routine assessment of dyspnea results in better patient outcomes. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:701–707. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine
Dietary correlates associated with the mental foramen in primates: implications for interpreting the fossil record
Authors: Muchlinski Magdalena N. , Deane Andrew S. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe mandibular nerve is a sensory and motor nerve that innervates the muscles of mastication, the lower dentition, and the lower lip and surrounding structures. Although this nerve contains both efferent and afferent fibers, the mental nerve, a terminal branch of the mandibular nerve, is a strictly sensory nerve that exits the mental foramen and innervates the lower lip, the skin overlaying the mandible, and the oral mucosa around the mandible. Osteological foramina are often used as proxies for nerve cross section area and they often correlate well with some aspect of a primate's ecology (e.g., optic foramen and visual acuity). The primary objective of this study is to explore the correlation between the mental foramen and dietary preference among primates. The mental foramen of 40 primate species (n = 180) was measured from 3‐D surface models of the mandible. Both conventional and phylogenetic tests indicate that although frugivores have larger mental foramina than folivores, the differences were not significant. These results show that while structures like the infraorbital foramen correlate well with diet and touch sensitivity, the mental foramen does not. Based on these findings, the mental foramen is not a suggested morphological character for interpreting of the fossil record. J. Morphol. 277:978–985, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Usefulness of 3D hybrid profile order technique with 3T magnetic resonance cholangiography: Comparison of image quality and acquisition time
Authors: Yokoyama Koichi , Nakaura Takeshi , Iyama Yuji , Sakamoto Seiji , Takemura Atsushi , Okuaki Tomoyuki , Harada Kazunori , Yamashita Yasuyuki 
Published: May 2016

PurposeTo evaluate the image quality and acquisition time of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) with and without the 3D hybrid profile order technique.Materials and MethodsWe studied 32 consecutive patients at 3T. They underwent MRCP with and without the 3D hybrid profile order imaging technique during free breathing and MRCP with the 3D hybrid profile order technique during a single breath‐hold. The image acquisition time was 82% shorter with the 3D hybrid profile order technique than without it. The contrast, signal‐to‐noise‐ratio (SNR), and contrast‐noise‐ratio (CNR) between the common bile duct (CBD) and periductal tissues on 3D‐MRCP were evaluated quantitatively.ResultsThe contrast, SNR, and CNR of the CBD under free breathing was significantly higher with the 3D hybrid profile order technique than without it (P < 0.01). The contrast, SNR, and CNR of the CBD under a single breath‐hold was significantly higher with the 3D hybrid profile order technique than without it (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the contrast, SNR, and CNR of the CBD between the 3D hybrid profile order with a single breath‐hold and with free breathing (P = 0.12, 0.28, 0.28, respectively).ConclusionUsing 3T MRI for MRCP with the 3D hybrid profile order sequence yielded significantly improved contrast and CNR with a shorter image acquisition time without sacrificing image quality when compared to imaging without the 3D hybrid profile order sequence. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:1346–1353.
Comparison of two models of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis; temporal degradation of articular cartilage and menisci
Authors: Fischenich Kristine M. , Button Keith D. , DeCamp Charlie , Haut Roger C. , Donahue Tammy L. Haut 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to compare longitudinal results from two models of combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscal injury. A modified ACL transection (mACLT) model and a traumatic impact (ACLF) model were used to create an ACL rupture and acute meniscal damage in a Flemish Giant animal model. The animals were euthanized at time points of 4, 8, or 12 weeks. The menisci were assessed for equilibrium and instantaneous compressive modulus, as well as glycosaminoglycan (GAG) coverage. The articular cartilage was mechanically assessed for thickness, matrix modulus, fiber modulus, and permeability. Articular cartilage GAG coverage, fissuring, tidemark integrity, and subchondral bone thickness were measured. Both models resulted in damage indicative of osteoarthritis, including decreased meniscal mechanics and GAG coverage, increased permeability and fissuring of articular cartilage, and decreased GAG coverage. The mACLT model had an early and lasting effect on the menisci mechanics and GAG coverage, while cartilage damage was not significantly affected until 12 weeks. The ACLF model resulted in an earlier change of articular cartilage GAG coverage and fissuring in both the 8 and 12 week groups. The menisci were only significantly affected at the 12 week time point in the ACLF model. We concluded the progression of post traumatic osteoarthritis was dependent on injury modality: a point to be considered in future investigations. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:486–495, 2017.
Chemoautotrophy and anoxygenic photosynthesis within the water column of a large meromictic tropical lake (Lake Kivu, East Africa)
Authors: Morana Cédric , Roland Fleur A. E. , Crowe Sean A. , Llirós Marc , Borges Alberto V. , Darchambeau François , Bouillon Steven 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe quantified chemoautotrophic and anoxygenic photosynthetic microbial production in the water column of Lake Kivu, a permanently stratified tropical lake situated amidst volcanic activity, and aimed to identify the microorganisms involved in these processes through the analysis of their phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) content and stable isotope (13C) labelling of PLFA in a set of incubation experiments. Data demonstrate the existence of a biogeochemically active chemoautotrophic bacterial community in the redoxcline of Lake Kivu (50–70 m). PLFA data indicate that the bacterial communities are structured vertically in the water column, with a large dissimilarity between the oxic and anoxic waters. Maximum volumetric dark CO2 fixation rates measured in Lake Kivu were in the same range as values reported from H2S‐rich marine redoxclines, such as the Black and Baltic Seas, and the Cariaco Basin. Similarly, maximal chemoautotrophic activities in Lake Kivu were observed in sulfidic waters, just below the oxycline. Anoxygenic photosynthetic production was never observed in the main basin of Lake Kivu. However, anoxygenic phototrophs largely dominated CO2 fixation in the illuminated redoxcline of Kabuno Bay, a shallower ferruginous sub‐basin. Overall, this study supports the idea that chemoautotrophs and/or anoxygenic photoautotrophs might play an important role in the flow of carbon and energy in permanently stratified tropical ecosystems. In Lake Kivu, these processes significantly contribute to organic matter biosynthesis and exert an indirect control on oxygenic photoautotrophs by shortcircuiting the vertical transport of nutrients to the illuminated and oxygenated surface waters.
Organic honey supplementation reverses pesticide‐induced genotoxicity by modulating DNA damage response
Authors: Alleva Renata , Manzella Nicola , Gaetani Simona , Ciarapica Veronica , Bracci Massimo , Caboni Maria Fiorenza , Pasini Federica , Monaco Federica , Amati Monica , Borghi Battista , Tomasetti Marco 
Published: May 2016

ScopeGlyphosate (GLY) and organophosphorus insecticides such as chlorpyrifos (CPF) may cause DNA damage and cancer in exposed individuals through mitochondrial dysfunction. Polyphenols ubiquitously present in fruits and vegetables, have been viewed as antioxidant molecules, but also influence mitochondrial homeostasis. Here, honey containing polyphenol compounds was evaluated for its potential protective effect on pesticide‐induced genotoxicity.Methods and resultsHoney extracts from four floral organic sources were evaluated for their polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, and potential protective effects on pesticide‐related mitochondrial destabilization, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species formation, and DNA damage response in human bronchial epithelial and neuronal cells. The protective effect of honey was, then evaluated in a residential population chronically exposed to pesticides. The four honey types showed a different polyphenol profile associated with a different antioxidant power. The pesticide‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction parallels ROS formation from mitochondria (mtROS) and consequent DNA damage. Honey extracts efficiently inhibited pesticide‐induced mtROS formation, and reduced DNA damage by upregulation of DNA repair through NFR2. Honey supplementation enhanced DNA repair activity in a residential population chronically exposed to pesticides, which resulted in a marked reduction of pesticide‐induced DNA lesions.ConclusionThese results provide new insight regarding the effect of honey containing polyphenols on pesticide‐induced DNA damage response.