bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex Perineal Injuries in Blunt Trauma Patients: The Value of a Damage Control Approach
Authors: Mori Newton Djin , Jr Frederico José Ribeiro Teixeira , Netto Sérgio Dias do Couto , Silva Francisco Salles Collet e , Fontes Belchor , Poggetti Renato Sergio , Birolini Dario , Bernini Celso Oliveira 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

Purpose
In a previous work, we presented a protocol for the management of patients with complex pelviperineal injuries (CPI) resulting from blunt trauma. This treatment protocol included: early hemorrhage control, surgical debridement of devitalized tissue, selective loop transverse colostomy according to the location of the perineal wound, distal colonic irrigation with saline solution, pulsatile saline solution irrigation of the perineal wound, maintenance of the perineal wound open, management of bone fractures and visceral injuries, surgical revisions at intervals of 24 to 48 hours, presumptive antibiotic therapy, early nutritional support, and definitive repair of wound defect and visceral injuries after infection control and metabolic recovery. In order to determine whether the evolution of the authors's protocol for the assessment and management of patients with CPI is associated with improved patient outcome we conduct this review.

Materials and methods
The medical records of 42 patients with CPI resulting from blunt trauma admitted in the level I trauma center at the HC-USPSM, were reviewed. Demographic data, mechanism of trauma, revised trauma score (RTS) and injury severity score (ISS), classification of perineal injuries, associated systemic trauma, infection complications and mortality rates (overall, early and late) were collected.

Results
The early mortality was 19% and the late mortality was 17%. The overall mortality was 36%. Patients who died had higher average ISS (average ISS = 45) comparing to patients who survived (average ISS = 25) with significant statistical difference (p < 0.05). Damage control principles applied to CPI was the standard of care and a selective approach to perform fecal stream diversion were used.

Conclusion
The results of this study showed that the use of this protocol was effective and reinforced the importance of the priority in early control of hemorrhage, early fecal diversion in selected cases, multiple surgical perineal revisions, and avoidance of complex visceral injury repair at the first surgical intervention.

How to cite this article
Teixeira Jr FJR, do Couto Netto SD, Collete e Silva FS, Mori ND, Fontes B, Poggetti RS, Birolini D, Bernini CO, Utiyama EM. Complex Perineal Injuries in Blunt Trauma Patients: The Value of a Damage Control Approach. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2015;4(2):87-95.
Análise Retrospectiva de Pacientes Vítimas de Trauma Cervical Penetrante Submetidos À Cervicotomia
Authors: Nasr Adonis , Manfrinato Marília França Madeira , Barros Ana Cláudia Marchi , Pereira Guilherme Damaceno , Savio Mariane Christina , Justini Camila de Souza , Molteni Rafaela de Araujo , Carvalho Fábio Henrique de 
Published: December 2015

RESUMO

Objetivos
As lesões cervicais penetrantes são, em sua maioria, causadas por armas de fogo ou armas brancas, e o conceito de um manejo cirúrgico seletivo é o empregado atualmente no tratamento destes pacientes. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos avaliar o perfil demográfico dos pacientes vítimas de traumas cervicais penetrantes submetidos à cervicotomia, quanto à presença ou não de lesão, o tipo de lesão encontrada durante o ato cirúrgico, além da evolução e mortalidade.

Métodos
Foram estudadas 57 vítimas de trauma cervical penetrante atendidas no Hospital do Trabalhador, em Curitiba (Brasil), nos períodos de abril de 2009 até março 2014, que foram submetidas à cervicotomia.

Resultados
Os principais mecanismos de trauma foram: ferimento por arma branca (52,6%), ferimento por arma de fogo (40%); 61% deles ocorreram em zona II. 91% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino, com uma média de idade de 33,1 anos. 43,8% destes apresentavam alguma lesão associada e 46% realizaram exame de imagem pré-operatório. Em 82,5% das cervicotomias foi encontrada lesão. As injúrias mais comuns foram: vascular (68%), de vias aéreas (47%) e de esôfago (11%). O tempo operatório médio foi de 118 minutos. 17,5% dos pacientes apresentaram algum tipo de complicação pós-operatória. O tempo médio de internamento foi de 9 dias. Óbito ocorreu em 7% dos pacientes, sendo que todos estes apresentavam lesões associadas.

Conclusão
Homens adultos jovens são os mais acometidos. Todos os pacientes que foram à óbito apresentavam algum tipo de lesão associada, mostrando que a cervicotomia foi terapêutica quando existiam lesões cervicais isoladas. No entanto, em uma parte (17,5%) dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia, nenhuma lesão foi encontrada. Isto mostra que, apesar dos avanços tecnológicos referentes aos exames complementares, mais estudos são necessários para orientar a conduta frente ao paciente vítima de trauma cervical penetrante.

How to cite this article
Barros ACM, Pereira GD, Manfrinato MFM, Savio MC, de Souza Justini C, de Araujo Molteni R, de Carvalho FH, Nasr A. Análise Retrospectiva de Pacientes Vítimas de Trauma Cervical Penetrante Submetidos À Cervicotomia. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2015; 4(2):96-102.
A implementação do serviço de tradução e interpretação de libras-português nas universidades federais
Authors: Santos Silvana Aguiar dos 
Published: December 2015

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2015v35nesp2p113Este artigo propõe-se a descrever elementos importantes da operacionalização dos serviços de tradução e de interpretação em universidades federais da região sul do Brasil. Tomando como referência alguns autores do campo disciplinar dos Estudos da Tradução, como Ozolins (2010), Baker e Saldanha (2009), Baker (2006) e Tymoczko (2007), discutem-se questões que envolvem a interpretação comunitária, seus desafios, e as perspectivas de implementá-la no âmbito do serviço público. A orientação metodológica segue a abordagem qualitativa com foco na pesquisa descritiva. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um levantamento utilizando como corpus de análise os servidores efetivos tradutores e intérpretes de Libras-Português das universidades federais da região sul. As perguntas norteadoras foram as seguintes: quem são os tradutores e os intérpretes de Libras-Português na região sul? Qual o nível de formação desses profissionais? Os resultados constataram 76 servidores tradutores e intérpretes de Libras-Português efetivos nas universidades estudadas, a maioria com graduação ou especialização. Uma parcela menor desses profissionais tem mestrado e doutorado. Outro resultado apresentado foi o percentual de servidores distribuídos por estados e por universidades federais da região sul. Por fim, apontamos em quais áreas do conhecimento os servidores tradutores e intérpretes desenvolveram suas pesquisas até o momento.
Tradução intermodal, intersemiótica e interlinguística de textos escritos em Português para a Libras oral
Authors: Quadros Ronice Müller de , Segala Rimar Romano 
Published: December 2015

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2015v35nesp2p354Neste artigo apresentamos alguns tipos de tradução envolvidos na tradução de textos em português para a língua brasileira de sinais (Libras). Discutimos esses diferentes tipos e destacamos a tradução intermodal, específica das traduções que envolvem uma língua de sinais. A tradução intermodal trata de aspectos visuais e operacionais implicados na tradução para Libras em forma de vídeo e aspectos linguísticos essencialmente visuais-espaciais que envolvem o uso do espaço em línguas de modalidade visual-espacial, ou seja, línguas de sinais. Neste artigo, apresentamos uma análise das implicações da modalidade a partir de exemplos de tradução realizados no contexto do Curso de Letras Libras da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC).
The Question of Racism: How to Understand the Violent Attacks on Indian Students in Australia?
Authors: Baas Michiel 
Published: December 2015

For the past ten years I have been involved in research on the topic of Indian student-migrants in Australia. What started in India in 2004 with the ostensibly simple questions why there was such a surge in Indian students’ enrolments in Australia, turned into a study which had the question of migration at the heart of its investigation. Realising that the majority of Indian students based their decision for Australia on the relatively easy pathway the country offered towards permanent residency my research focused on understanding how such trajectories from students to migrants took shape. However, as I argued in Imagined Mobility (Anthem Press, 2010), while the propensity to apply for PR may be high, permanently residing in Australia was often not the objective. Instead many Indian students saw a PR as facilitating the start of transnational existence. In this paper I will draw upon a vast collection of newspaper articles as well as ethnographic material collected over this period in order to produce a personalised account of how I, as an academic researcher, observed the discourse about Indian students in Australia ‘migrate’ from them being welcome international students and would-be migrants to unwelcome profiteers whose place in Australian cities was highly contested. Questions I will focus on are: how did the violent attacks and subsequent debate about their racist nature impact the lives and trajectories of Indian student-migrants as starting transnationals; how did they themselves reflect on these attacks especially in relation to them now being ‘permanent residents’; and finally, what role do ‘Indian students’ continue to play in Australia’s skilled migration debate?
Cultural Value Dimensions and Ethnicity within Kenya
Authors: Ketter Christopher K. , Arfsten Michael C. 
Published: December 2015

<p>The study compared the cultural values along the seven World Values Survey dimensions. Subjects were 811 males, age 18 to 35, proportionately representing the 11 largest ethnic groups in Kenya. The study extended research in cultural differences between ethnic identities within a country, supplemental to cultural differences between countries. Significant differences are found between the Kenyan ethnic groups on the dimensions of masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, indulgence vs. restraint, and long-term orientation. Post-hoc analyses differentiated between individual ethnic groups on the cultural dimensions. Implications for management are presented to acknowledge ethnic differences in world orientation based on cultural dimension differences of ethnicities within Kenya.</p><p><span style="font-size: 10px;"> </span></p><p> </p>
What Determines Cumulative Abnormal Returns? An Empirical Validation in the French Market
Authors: Hatem Ben Said 
Published: December 2015

<p>This paper test the factors explaining of cumulative abnormal returns. To this end, we examined a sample of 137 firms in 2007. We tested event study methodology to measure the cumulative abnormal returns. An event window spans from-10 days to 10 days. In our study, we considered an estimation period from -20 days to -10 days. For the dependent variable, and after the announcement date (date of the general meeting), we try to estimate the cumulative abnormal returns of 1 day, 2 days, 6 days and 8 days. The empirical results of the cross sectional model show that the market reacts negatively because of an increase in profitability, firm size and managerial ownership. The opposite effect is observed for leverage. However, the effect of spending on research and development is not statistically significant.<span style="font-size: 10px;"> </span></p>
Teori-praksis-distinktionen og pædagogisk filosofi
Authors: Frølund Sune 
Published: December 2015

Educational philosopher Wilfred Carr claims that the formation of philosophy of education in accordance with the theory-centered paradigm of modernist philosophy is responsible for the miserable fact that educational practitioners take no interest in philosophy of education. A real contemporary philosophy of education, Carr suggests, would give up theory and the “foundationalist” idea of seeking a firm ground for practice outside of practice. The paper, firstly, takes up Carr’s debate with Paul Hirst on Carr’s notion of philosophy of education, and, secondly, moves on to inquire the interpretation of Aristotle’s practical philosophy by Hans-Georg Gadamer, whom Carr refers to. Finally, the paper outlines some merits of Gadamer’s hermeneutics that philosophy of education should adapt
Accounting for Multiculturalism: The Utility of Cultural Indicators and the Politics of Diversity and Participation
Authors: Yue Audrey , Khan Rimi 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Multiculturalism has become a charged arena in recent times with proponents and critics focusing on the value of its utility. Existing models measuring the outcome of multiculturalism emanate from the social sciences that attempt to assess the degree of inter-cultural integration through cultural indices on ethnicity and tradition. This article argues that arts impact studies in general, and emergent cultural indicator frameworks in particular, provide a more robust arena for considering the utility of multiculturalism to claims of social, cultural and economic wellbeing. This article examines the impact of multicultural arts through the quality of cultural participation. It begins by critically surveying global, national and local indicator frameworks on measuring multiculturalism in recent developments of cultural policy. It suggests that current frameworks for thinking about cultural diversity and cultural participation are inadequate, and there is a need to develop a more nuanced understanding of these relations as they are played out in the context of people’s everyday cultural lives. It proposes a new framework that highlights a bi-directional theory-based approach to cultural citizenship and tests its utility against original fieldwork conducted in the growth corridor outer suburb of Whittlesea in Melbourne, Australia.
Become Immortal!
Authors: Peters Rikke Alberg 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This paper presents a case study of the German neo-fascist network The Immortals (Die Unsterblichen) who in 2011 performed a flash-mob, which was disseminated on YouTube for the so-called “Become Immortal” campaign. The street protest was designed for and adapted to the specific characteristics of online activism. It is a good example of how new contentious action repertoires in which online and street activism intertwine have also spread to extreme right groups. Despite its neo-fascist and extreme right content, the “Become Immortal” campaign serves as an illustrative case for the study of mediated and mediatized activism.
In order to analyze the protest form, the visual aesthetics and the discourse of The Immortals, the paper mobilizes three concepts from media and communication studies: media practice, mediation, and mediatization. It will be argued that the current transformation and modernization processes of the extreme right can be conceptualized and understood through the lens of these three concepts.
Affective Politics of Sensation: Anonymity and Transtemporal Activism in Argentina
Authors: Brunner Christoph 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This article deals with the aesthetic mobilization of anonymity in Argentine activist practices. Focusing on the specific intervention of El Siluetazo, the public drawing and placarding of nameless silhouettes during the military dictatorship from 1976 to 1983, anonymity will be explored as instigating an affective politics of sensation. Different from the human rights discourse on disappearance, which is concerned with politics of identification of the disappeared and the repressors, anonymity offers forms of affective relaying beyond identity. The logic of identity will be discussed in relation to a “distribution of the sensible” that takes aesthetics of sense perception as the target of control (Rancière, 2004). Through investigating the silhouettes not as a universal signifier of disappearance but as an aesthetic expression potentially moving across space and time, I will unfold a media ecological conception of activist practices and their capacities of activating transtemporal forms of resistance.
The time has come to make cervical cancer prevention an essential part of comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services for HIV‐positive women in low‐income countries
Authors: Huchko Megan J , Maloba May , Nakalembe Miriam , Cohen Craig R 
Published: December 2015

IntroductionHIV and cervical cancer are intersecting epidemics that disproportionately affect one of the most vulnerable populations in the world: women in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Historically, the disparity in cervical cancer risk for women in LMICs has been due to the lack of organized screening and prevention programmes. In recent years, this risk has been augmented by the severity of the HIV epidemic in LMICs. HIV‐positive women are at increased risk for developing cervical precancer and cancer, and while the introduction of antiretroviral therapy has dramatically improved life expectancies among HIV‐positive women it has not been shown to improve cancer‐related outcomes. Therefore, an increasing number of HIV‐positive women are living in LMICs with limited or no access to cervical cancer screening programmes. In this commentary, we describe the gaps in cervical cancer prevention, the state of evidence for integrating cervical cancer prevention into HIV programmes and future directions for programme implementation and research.DiscussionDespite the biologic, behavioural and demographic overlap between HIV and cervical cancer, cervical cancer prevention has for the most part been left out of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services for HIV‐positive women. Lower cost primary and secondary prevention strategies for cervical cancer are becoming more widely available in LMICs, with increasing evidence for their efficacy and cost‐effectiveness. Going forward, cervical cancer prevention must be considered a part of the essential package of SRH services for HIV‐positive women. Effective cervical cancer prevention programmes will require a coordinated response from international policymakers and funders, national governments and community leaders. Leveraging the improvements in healthcare infrastructure created by the response to the global HIV epidemic through integration of services may be an effective way to make an impact to prevent cervical cancer among HIV‐positive women, but more work remains to determine optimal approaches.ConclusionsCervical cancer prevention is an essential part of comprehensive HIV care. In order to ensure maximal impact and cost‐effectiveness, implementation strategies for screening programmes must be adapted and rigorously evaluated through a framework that includes equal participation with policymakers, programme planners and key stakeholders in the target communities.
Active zinc-blende III–nitride photonic structures on silicon
Authors: Sergent Sylvain , Kako Satoshi , Bürger Matthias , Blumenthal Sarah , Iwamoto Satoshi , As Donat Josef , Arakawa Yasuhiko 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
We use a layer transfer method to fabricate free-standing photonic structures in a zinc-blende AlN epilayer grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on a 3C-SiC pseudosubstrate and containing GaN quantum dots. The method leads to the successful realization of microdisks, nanobeam photonic crystal cavities, and waveguides integrated on silicon (100) and operating at short wavelengths. We assess the quality of such photonic elements by micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy in the visible and ultraviolet ranges, and extract the absorption coefficient of ZB AlN membranes (α ∼ (2–5) × 102 cm−1).
Low-temperature synthesis of carbon nitride by microwave plasma CVD
Authors: Tanaka Ippei , Sakamoto Yukihiro 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Investigation of the low temperature synthesis of carbon nitride was carried out by microwave plasma CVD. Carbon nitride was synthesized using an improved microwave plasma CVD apparatus. Si was used as the substrate. A mixture of CH4 and N2 gas was used as a reaction gas. Synthesis pressure was varied from 1.1 to 4.0 kPa, microwave power was varied from 400 to 800 W. Faceted particles were obtained at a microwave power of 800 W and a substrate temperature of 880 K. Faceted particles were obtained at various synthesis pressures and a substrate temperature of as low as 740 K. Also, β-Si3N4 and α-C3N4 peaks were observed in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. As a result of studies of the low-temperature synthesis of carbon nitride by microwave plasma CVD, the morphology of deposits was found to depend on substrate temperature, and faceted particles were obtained at a substrate temperature as low as 740 K.
Self-assembled oleamide layer applied for cathode buffer layer of bulk heterojunction solar cells based on PTB7:PC71BM
Authors: Yanagidate Tatsuki , Kiriishi Koudai , Fujii Shunjiro , Kataura Hiromichi , Nishioka Yasushiro 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In this work, bulk heterojunction solar cells based on poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]-thiophenediyl]] and phenyl-C71-butyric-acid-methyl-ester were fabricated using 1,2-dichlolobenzene solutions containing different weight ratios of oleamide. The oleamide layers were self-assembled on the active layer surfaces during the solidification of the active layer after spin coating. A significant increase in open-circuit voltage was observed after the introduction of oleamide at the expense of short-circuit current density. The optimal performance of the solar cell was obtained by spin coating the active layer at 1000 rpm for 60 s using a 1,2-dichlolobenzene solution containing 3% oleamide. The solar cell exhibited a short-circuit current density, an open circuit voltage, a fill factor, and a power conversion efficiency of 13.95 mA/cm2, 0.79 V, 0.47, and 5.22%, respectively. These solar cell behaviors are discussed on the basis of results of morphological analysis by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and surface energy analysis.
Indocyanine Green Mediated Photothrombosis (IMP) with Intravitreal Bevacizumab (IVB) for Treatment of Choroidal Neovascular Membrane (CNV) due to ARMD
Authors: Seth Anisha , Pangtey Bhanu , Goel Neha , Ghosh Basudeb 
Published: December 2015

Purpose:
Choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) is one of the leading causes of blindness among elderly patients. Anti-Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) and photodyanamic therapy (PDT) are the only treatment options available for subfoveal and Juxtafoveal CNVM but are extremely costly. Indocyanine Green Mediated Photothrombosis (IMP) has been successfully used for subfoveal CNV due to ARMD and is much cheaper than PDT. Our study aims to evaluate IMP followed by intravitreal Bevacizumab in subfoveal and Juxtafoveal CNV due to ARMD.

Methods:
This prospective interventional study consisted of 15 eyes with subfoveal and juxtafoveal CNV due to ARMD. IMP was performed with low power diode laser augmented with indocyanine green dye (ICG) and followed 24 hours later with intravitreal bevacizumab 1.25 mg/0.05ml. Subjects were followed up at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 16 weeks for BCVA, IOР, lens status assessment on slit lamp, fundus examination, FFA and SD-OCT.

Results:
Mean visual acuity improved from 0.136 preoperatively to 0.177 at 6 weeks, to 0.183 at 12 weeks and 0.185 at 16 weeks. Mean pre-treatment mean macular thickness (MMT) varied from 284.1 µт to 261.2 µт at 4 weeks post-treatment, to 268.8 µт at 12 weeks and to 267 µт at 16 weeks post-treatment. 10 eyes showed stabilization of vision with treatment till 16 week post treatment. Five eyes showed improvement in vision which was sustained till 16th week post treatment. No eye showed decrease in vision by the end of follow up. The difference was statistically significant at all visits.

Conclusion:
IMP in combination with intravitreal Bevacizumab is an effective treatment modality for CNV in ARMD.