bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Écrire la guerre sans fin : le roman Syngué Sabour. Pierre de patience d’Atiq Rahimi
Authors: Körömi Gabriella 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Atiq Rahimi’s Syngué Sabour is not a classical war novel, in spite of the fact that war is the organizing theme of the novel. The plot of the novel may be set in Afghanistan, a country where war has been a permanent and integral part of the people’s everyday life for generations. How is it possible to describe a never ending, dreadful war without making the writing sensationalist or pathetic? What kinds of language tools and stylistic devices are used by Rahimi to describe the violence of war? When words are not adequate for the depiction of the violence of war, what extralinguistic strategies can the writer employ? These are the research questions the article explores.
Quelques aspects de l’écriture de la violence dans le roman L’Attentat de Yasmina Khadra
Authors: Rădulescu Valentina 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Violence and its devastating effects challenge writers more than ever. Based on the novel L’Attentat [The Attack] (Julliard, 2005), by the Algerian writer Yasmina Khadra, this paper aims to demonstrate that the writing of violence is both the consequence and the mirror of today’s world convulsions. The analytical approach is focused on the functions of this type of writing, the various forms of violence and their problematic aspects, as well as on the relation of a discourse explaining terrorism with a humanist pacifist discourse, as it appears in the novel.
Simone Schwarz-Bart et l’écriture de la violence (post)coloniale dans le roman Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle
Authors: Massoni Da Rocha Vanessa 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This text is dedicated to studying the fictionalization of traumas of (post)colonialism in the novel Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle by the Guadeloupean writer Simone Schwarz-Bart. Published in 1972, the book is built on the premise of novel writing as a therapeutic expression of trauma to be overcome. This implies bringing out the pain of slavery and of a miserable life in the sugar cane plantations through the resistance saga of four generations of valiant women. From a bottom-up perspective of history (Jim Sharpe) and the possibility of the subaltern’s testimony (Gayatri Spivak), emphasis is placed on the oppressed colonized (Frantz Fanon) as main characters, who break the silence for a long time imposed by their masters (Albert Memmi) in order to tell their story.
De la violence à l’écriture : destruction et reconstruction dans la littérature judéo-méditerranéenne et orientale francophone
Authors: Schulz Élisabeth 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Violence is a central element in the Judeo-Mediterranean and oriental literature written in the French language because it is not only a source of trauma but also originates in an exile without return. Various narratives show us the evolution of verbal abuse which, eventually, turns into murderous acts. In the face of this destructive madness, some writers make use of non-violent writing as a means of reconstruction and restoration. Their objective is to show the concrete consequences of violence and urge readers to become aware of the suffering it causes.
An den Grenzen der Sprache?
Authors: Demmerling Christoph 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This paper discusses the question of the role played by concepts in human cognition, perception and action. Taking recourse to Heidegger’s Zeug analysis, it defends the thesis that all human experience is perfused with concepts, though without necessarily being propositionally or linguistically structured. Heidegger’s analysis is used to express a non-linguistical version of the conceptuality thesis, and to differentiate between linguistic and practical modes of commanding a concept.
Gründe für Vertrauen, Vertrauenswürdigkeit und Kompetenz
Authors: Budnik Christian 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
One reason that trust is interesting for philosophers is that there are reasons for trust. We want to know when it is appropriate to trust other people, because trusting foolishly can be dangerous. The paper argues that there are two competing ways of understanding reasons of trust – a non-voluntarist and a voluntarist way. On the non-voluntarist picture, reasons for trust are associated with the trustworthiness of another person. On the voluntarist picture, you can appropriately trust another person without judging her to be trustworthy. In the paper a case is made against the voluntarist interpretation. At the same time it is argued that non-voluntarist theories of trust are faced with a particular problem. This problem has to do with the assumption that in order to appropriately trust another person you have to judge her competent in the relevant area of interaction. It is argued that this competence assumption should not be understood as a necessary condition for trustworthiness but rather as a necessary condition for mere reliability. Doing so helps to solve problems associated with trust in medicine ethics and political philosophy, and it opens up new perspectives for theories of trust.
The Use of Filtration Materials to Remove Ammonia from Water / Využitie Filtračných Materiálov Na Odstraňovanie Amoniaku Z Vody
Authors: Hanusová Anna 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Ammonia nitrogen is the primary product of the decomposition of plant and animal organic nitrogenous materials. Ammonium salts are part of some nitrogen fertilizers and are getting into ground and surface waters from agricultural areas. Secondary ammonium compounds can be formed directly in waters by reducing nitrates. This article is focused just on removing ammonia from drinking water, while the current research emphasizes the use of natural materials, especially for the removal of inorganic contaminants from water. The aim of this work consists in verifying the possibility of using natural filter materials - zeolites in ammonia removal and other filter materials, verify sorption (ion exchange) properties and efficiency of available types of materials under laboratory conditions.
Influence of Water Temperature and Salinity on PH During Dry Season in Lower Dong Nai River System, Vietnam
Authors: Dung Dang Quoc , Duc Pham Anh 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This paper uses the gvSIG 2.2.0 software, IDW interpolation method, river and stream network data, and 36 sampling sites to build the maps of three monitored parameters such as pH, water temperature, and salinity in the Lower Dong Nai River system (2009-2010) in dry season. Based on an analysis of these maps and statistical assessment by using the R software, the correlations between pH, temperature, and salinity are clarified. The results show that the pH and temperature values have a tendency to decrease, whereas the salinity tends to increase annually. The pH value has good and significant correlations with the water temperature and salinity in both simple and multiple linear regression models. The results aim to provide a scientific reference for further research on the water environment in this area.
Heavy metal intoxication compromises the host cytokine response inAscaris Suummodel infection
Authors: Dvorožňáková E. , Dvorožňáková M. , Šoltys J. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryLead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg) are recognized for their deleterious effect on the environment and immunity where subsequently compromised immune response affects the susceptibility to the potential parasitic infections. This study examined the host cytokine response after heavy metal intoxication (Pb, Cd, and Hg) and subsequentAscaris suuminfection in BALB/c mice. Pb modulated murine immune response towards the Th2 type of response (delineated by IL-5 and IL-10 cytokine production) what was also dominant for the outcome ofA. suuminfection. Chronic intoxication with Pb caused a more intensive development of the parasite infection. Cd stimulated the Th1 immune response what was associated with increase in IFN-γ production and reduction of larvae present in the liver of intoxicated mice. The larval burden was also low in mice intoxicated with Hg. This was probably not related to the biased Th1/Th2 type of immune response, but rather to the bad host conditions caused by mercury toxicity and high level of pro-cachectic cytokine TNF-α.
Report ofNeospirorchis schistosomatoides Price 1934 (Digenea: Spirorchiidae) infecting a Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas Linnaeus, 1758 (Testudines, Cheloniidae), from Brazil
Authors: Werneck M. R. , Souza G. B. , Berger B. C. 
Published: March 2016

Summary
We report the occurrence of Neospirorchis schistosomatoidesPrice 1934 in a juvenile green turtle (Chelonia mydas L.1758) from the Brazilian coast. This species has been reported only in green turtles from the USA, Bermuda and Australia. Only two entire specimens and parts of six worms were found in the host’s heart. The collection, identification and morphometric data of intact specimens of N. schistosomatoides are rare and restricted to the original description. This paper presents the first report of N. schistosomatoides in green turtles from the western South Atlantic Ocean.
Mineral Matter in Nigerian Coals and Tar Sand and Their Implications in Binary Blend Formulation and Co-Carbonisation
Authors: Ryemshak Solomon A. , Jauro Aliyu , Chindo Istifanus Y. , Ekanem Eno O. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In blend simulation for metallurgical applications, the knowledge of the type and amount of mineral matter in coal and other additives, as well as their derivatives as a result of combustion is important in assessing the coke quality and blast furnace efficiency. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques were used in assessing the mineral matter contents and oxides produced up on combustion of the following Nigerian coals: Afuze (AFZ), Garin-Maiganga (GMG), Lamza (LMZ), Shankodi-Jangwa (SKJ), and Chikila (CHK) in addition to a tar sand from Ondo (OTS). Coal samples from Afuze (AFZ) and Chikila (CHK) were found to contain quartz, hematite, and anhydride as the dominant minerals. The Garin-Maiganga coal sample (GMG) was found to contain quartz, magnetite, anhydride, and magnesite. Quartz and hematite were dominant in Lamza coal (LMZ), while Shankodi-Jangwa coal (SKJ) is associated with dolomite and quartz. The bitumen was found to contain quartz, kaolinite, and rutile. The XRF analysis revealed the presence of sixteen elemental oxides: the most abundant being silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, aluminium oxide, sulphur trioxide, calcium oxide, and titanium oxide. Amongst the coal samples, CHK, AFZ and GMG coals have low acidic/basic and basic/acidic ratios, which indicate that cokes originating from them may form the least slag with the best blast furnace efficiency.
Comparative Study of Advanced Oxidation Processes to Treat Petroleum Wastewater
Authors: Atallah Aljubourya Dheeaa Al Deen , Palaniandy Puganeshwary , Aziz Hamidi Bin Abdul , Feroz Shaik 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis study was carried out to compare the performance of different oxidation processes, such as solar photo-Fenton reaction, solar photocatalysis by TiO2, and the combination of the two for the treatment of petroleum wastewater from Sohar Oil Refinery by a central composite design with response surface methodology. The degradation efficiency was evaluated in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) reductions. Solar photocatalysis by the TiO2/Fenton method improved the performance of the photocatalyst at neutral pH for petroleum wastewater without the need to adjust the pH during this treatment. Under acidic conditions, the solar photo-Fenton process is more efficient than solar TiO2photocatalysis while it is less efficient under alkaline conditions. The TiO2dosage and pH are the two main factors that improved the TOC and COD reductions in the solar photocatalysis using combined TiO2/Fenton and the solar TiO2photocatalysis processes while the pH and H2O2concentration are the two key factors that affect the solar photo-Fenton process.
Risk and protective profile of tobacco and alcohol use among Iranian adolescents: a population- based study
Authors: Baheiraei Azam , Soltani Farzaneh , Ebadi Abbas , Foroushani Abbas Rahimi , Cheraghi Mohammad Ali 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background: Identification of risk and protective factors is of great importance in designing preventive and interventional programs. The aim of the present study has been to investigate peer/individual, family, school, and community risk and protective factors as predictors of tobacco and alcohol use among Iranian adolescents.
Methods: In a cross-sectional population-based study, 870 Iranian adolescents aged 15–18 years old, filled out the adopted form of “Communities That Care Youth Survey”. Thirty-two risk and protective factors were entered in adjusted logistic regression analyses to predict the lifetime cigarette and alcohol use.
Results: Sixteen risk and seven protective factors predicted both lifetime cigarette and alcohol use in the bivariate logistic regression analysis. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis 12 risk factors including friends’ use of drugs, interaction with antisocial peers, sensation seeking, intention to use, perceived risks of drug use, family history of drug use, poor family management, parental attitudes favorable toward drug use, family conflict, academic failure, school low commitment, perceived availability of drugs predicted both lifetime cigarette and alcohol use as well as four protective factors including religiosity, self-esteem, family rewards for prosocial involvement, and school rewards for prosocial involvement. The highest OR were related to the risk factor of “Rewards for antisocial involvement” [3.9(1.5–10)], and protective factor of “Religiosity” [0.1(0.1–0.3)].
Conclusion: The present study has produced evidences about risk and protective factors related to adolescents substance use and can help designing and implementing of preventive interventions for maintaining and promoting adolescents health.
Crystal structure of poly[(μ2-biphenyl-2,2′-dicarboxylato-κ4
O,O′:O′′,O′′′)(μ2-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2
N:N′)copper(II)], C24H16CuN2O4
Authors: Liang En-Xiang , He Bin-Hong , Xu Yi-Xue , Yi Jian-Min , Ren Shao 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
CuC24H16N2O4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 20.262(7) Å, b = 9.530(3) Å, c = 11.444(3) Å, β = 117.095(5)°, V = 1967.2(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0271, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0998, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of poly[diaquabis(μ4-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylato-κO
1,κO
2:κO
3,κO
4:κO
5:κO
6)-bis(μ2-4,4′-benzene-1,3-diylbis(4H-1,2,4-triazole-κ2
N:N′)tricadmium(II)] tetrahydrate, C38H34Cd3N12O18
Authors: Miao Shao-Bin 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
C38H34Cd3N12O18, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 35.076(3) Å, b = 7.5997(7) Å, c = 18.5480(18) Å, β = 117.8560(10)°, V = 4371.3(7) Å3, Z = 6, R
gt
(F) = 0.0314, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1265, T = 296(2) K.
Connecting science with industry: lessons learned transferring a novel plasmonic mercury sensor from the bench to the field
Authors: Crosby Jeffrey , James Jay 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Mercury is a pollutant of pressing global concern. National and international efforts are focused on reducing mercury in the environment to prevent its adverse health impacts. Better sensors would aid in these efforts. This paper details ongoing efforts to deploy novel plasmonic mercury sensors. The authors describe the research efforts to develop the fundamental technology in a research lab and the experience translating that fundamental research into a viable field-ready sensor. Lessons learned along the way are explored.
Pilot-scale UV/H2O2 study for emerging organic contaminants decomposition
Authors: Chu Xiaona , Xiao Yan , Hu Jiangyong , Quek Elaine , Xie Rongjin , Pang Thomas , Xing Yongjie 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Human behaviors including consumption of drugs and use of personal care products, climate change, increased international travel, and the advent of water reclamation for direct potable use have led to the introduction of significant amounts of emerging organic contaminants into the aqueous environment. In addition, the lower detection limits associated with improved scientific methods of chemical analysis have resulted in a recent increase in documented incidences of these contaminants which previously were not routinely monitored in water. Such contaminants may cause known or suspected adverse ecological and/or human health effects at very low concentrations. Conventional drinking water treatment processes may not effectively remove these organic contaminants. Advanced oxidation process (AOP) is a promising treatment process for the removal of most of these emerging organic contaminants, and has been accepted worldwide as a suitable treatment process. In this study, different groups of emerging contaminants were studied for decomposition efficiency using pilot-scale UV/H2O2 oxidation setup, including EDCs, PPCPs, taste and odor (T&O), and perfluorinated compounds. Results found that MP UV/H2O2 AOP was efficient in removing all the selected contaminants except perfluorinated compounds. Study of the kinetics of the process showed that both light absorption and quantum yield of each compound affected the decomposition performance. Analysis of water quality parameters of the treated water indicated that the outcome of both UV photolysis and UV/H2O2 processes can be affected by changes in the feed water quality.
Does a Platform Monopolist Want Competition?
Authors: Niedermayer Andras 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe consider a software vendor first selling a monopoly platform and then an application running on this platform. He may face competition by an entrant in the applications market. The platform monopolist can benefit from competition for three reasons. First, his profits from the platform increase. Second, competition serves as a credible commitment to lower prices for applications. Third, higher expected product variety may lead to higher demand for his application. Results carry over to non-software platforms and, partially, to upstream and downstream firms. The model also explains why Microsoft Office is priced significantly higher than Microsoft’s operating system.
Individuating in the dark: Diagrammatic reasoning and attentional shifts
Authors: West Donna E. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis inquiry first identifies signs whose representamen are inherently visuo-spatial (namely, Index) supplying rationale for dicisign status, then demonstrates how such results in difficulties without visual access. Virtually all of Peirce’s illustrations of Index surface in the visual modality: weathercock, clock hands (1903: EP 2: 274), pointing finger, smoke. Experimental findings from blind and sighted children suggest the less effective nature of semiotic alternatives to visual indexes (tactual landmarks), to disambiguate objects in other modalities. In short, delays in use of index leave blind children vulnerable to protracted means to individuate, and ultimately to reduced participation in joint attentional ventures.
High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Ablates Gastric Vagal Afferent Circadian Rhythms
Authors: Kentish Stephen J. , Vincent Andrew D. , Kennaway David J. , Wittert Gary A. , Page Amanda J. 
Published: March 2016

Rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity increase daytime eating, suggesting an alteration in circadian food intake mechanisms. Gastric vagal afferents (GVAs) respond to mechanical stimuli to initiate satiety. These signals are dampened in HFD mice and exhibit circadian variations inversely with food intake in lean mice. Furthermore, leptin shows circadian variation in its circulating level and is able to modulate GVA mechanosensitivity. However, whether leptin's ability to modulate GVAs occurs in a circadian manner is unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether changes in the circadian intake of food in HFD-induced obesity is associated with a disruption in GVA circadian rhythms. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed a standard laboratory diet (SLD) or a HFD for 12 weeks. A subgroup of SLD and HFD mice were housed in metabolic cages. After 12 weeks,ex vivoGVA recordings were taken at 3 h intervals starting at zeitgeber time 0 (ZT0) and stomach content was measured. After 12 weeks, HFD mice consumed more food during the light phase through larger and more frequent meals compared with SLD mice. SLD mice exhibited circadian fluctuation in stomach content, which peaked at ZT18 and reached a nadir at ZT9. At these time points, both tension and mucosal receptor mechanosensitivity were the lowest and highest, respectively. HFD mice exhibited little circadian variation in stomach content or GVA mechanosensitivity. Leptin potentiated mucosal receptor mechanosensitivity only in SLD mice and with reduced potency during the dark phase. In conclusion, loss of circadian variation in GVA signaling may underpin changes in eating behavior in HFD-induced obesity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAppropriate circadian control of food intake is vital for maintaining metabolic health. Diet-induced obesity is associated with strong circadian changes in food intake, but the contributing mechanisms have yet to be determined. Vagal afferents are involved in regulation of feeding behavior, particularly meal size, and have been shown to exhibit circadian fluctuation in mechanosensitivity, potentially allowing for time of day-specific levels of satiety signaling. Our study indicates that, in diet-induced obesity, these circadian fluctuations in gastric vagal afferent mechanosensitivity are lost. This was accompanied by increased light phase eating, particularly increased meal size. This is the first evidence that diet-induced disruption to vagal afferent signaling may cause a perturbation in circadian eating patterns.
Mirror Neurons of Ventral Premotor Cortex Are Modulated by Social Cues Provided by Others' Gaze
Authors: Coudé Gino , Festante Fabrizia , Cilia Adriana , Loiacono Veronica , Bimbi Marco , Fogassi Leonardo , Ferrari Pier Francesco 
Published: March 2016

Mirror neurons (MNs) in the inferior parietal lobule and ventral premotor cortex (PMv) can code the intentions of other individuals using contextual cues. Gaze direction is an important social cue that can be used for understanding the meaning of actions made by other individuals. Here we addressed the issue of whether PMv MNs are influenced by the gaze direction of another individual. We recorded single-unit activity in macaque PMv while the monkey was observing an experimenter performing a grasping action and orienting his gaze either toward (congruent gaze condition) or away (incongruent gaze condition) from a target object. The results showed that one-half of the recorded MNs were modulated by the gaze direction of the human agent. These gaze-modulated neurons were evenly distributed between those preferring a gaze direction congruent with the direction where the grasping action was performed and the others that preferred an incongruent gaze. Whereas the presence of congruent responses is in line with the usual coupling of hand and gaze in both executed and observed actions, the incongruent responses can be explained by the long exposure of the monkeys to this condition. Our results reveal that the representation of observed actions in PMv is influenced by contextual information not only extracted from physical cues, but also from cues endowed with biological or social value.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this study, we present the first evidence showing that social cues modulate MNs in the monkey ventral premotor cortex. These data suggest that there is an integrated representation of other's hand actions and gaze direction at the single neuron level in the ventral premotor cortex, and support the hypothesis of a functional role of MNs in decoding actions and understanding motor intentions.