bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les oiseaux anthropophiles : définition, typologie et conservation
Authors: Godet Laurent 
Published: September 2017

Une grande partie de terres émergées et des océans est aujourd’hui transformée, exploitée et habitée par les humains. Dans ce contexte, certaines espèces d’oiseaux ont adopté une vie à leurs côtés. Cet article propose d’explorer cette « anthropophilie » sous plusieurs facettes : la définition de ce concept d’abord, puis les mécanismes ayant conduit les oiseaux à vivre aux côtés des humains, mais aussi les impacts de l’anthropisation sur les oiseaux, et, enfin, l’influence que peut avoir ce concept lorsqu’il est utilisé dans le domaine de la gestion et de la conservation de la nature. Au-delà de l’aspect plutôt réjouissant qu’il y a à observer certaines espèces d’oiseaux au sein de milieux anthropiques aussi inattendus que des clochers de cathédrales, ce qui a conduit les oiseaux à vivre aux côtés des humains diffère beaucoup d’une espèce à l’autre et cette « nouvelle vie » est loin de leur être toujours favorable en matière de succès reproducteur et de taux de survie. L’anthropophilie de quelques espèces ne doit en effet pas masquer les impacts généralement négatifs de l’anthropisation des milieux sur l’avifaune à de larges échelles spatiales, au point que nous soulignons l’intérêt urgent qu’il y a à conserver précisément des milieux et espèces qui ne sont pas associés aux humains, qui sont, eux, de plus en plus rares.
Les séquestres d’entreprises en Haute-Alsace pendant la Grande Guerre : quels objectifs ?
Authors: Risacher Bertrand 
Published: September 2017

À l’évidence, l’Alsace n’est pas un « pays allemand » comme les autres. Dès le début des hostilités, une ordonnance permet de placer sous administration forcée les entreprises jugées trop françaises. Quels étaient les objectifs de ces « séquestres » ? S’agit-il d’exploiter les entreprises séquestrées en « bon père de famille » au profit de l’économie de guerre ou au contraire d’être un prédateur uniquement intéressé par la mainmise sur des actifs ? En réalité, loin d’appliquer une doctrine, les Allemands ont dû s’adapter aux circonstances.
La contribution extraordinaire sur les bénéfices de guerre, une source pour appréhender l’inflation
Authors: Zannis Étienne 
Published: September 2017

La contribution extraordinaire sur les bénéfices de guerre, créée par la loi du 1er juillet 1916, vise à taxer les bénéfices supplémentaires réalisés pendant le conflit grâce aux commandes militaires. Elle est la première à expérimenter le formulaire de déclaration rempli par le contribuable lui-même. Sa faible utilisation comme source historique peut s’expliquer par les différents facteurs qui en complexifient l’analyse, en particulier l’impact de l’inflation.
Ressusciter l’empire : la quatrième dynastie et le philtre du passé
Authors: Glikman Juliette 
Published: September 2017

Napoléon III n’inaugure pas un « second Empire », mais prétend restaurer le régime impérial, dont la mémoire aurait été conservée intacte. Le plébiscite reconnaissant le système héréditaire, en 1804, n’ayant jamais été formellement renié par les électeurs, les règnes successifs, depuis 1815, sont ravalés au rang d’usurpation. Les millions de bulletins émis lors des plébiscites de 1851 et 1852 sont censés consacrer la résurrection d’un même Empire, qui surgit inchangé après une éclipse d’un demi-siècle. Renouant le fil de la tradition monarchique, l’Empire, consacré par le vote universel, entretient un rapport original au passage du temps, s’offrant en Renaissance susceptible de renouer avec un âge d’or mythique.
Le Second Empire, une « Belle Époque » ?
Authors: Kalifa Dominique 
Published: September 2017

Cet article interroge les représentations croisées du « Second Empire » et de la « Belle Époque ». Par-delà les contrastes et les antagonismes politiques qui les séparent, les deux séquences ont été décrites comme des périodes partageant de profonds traits structurels : un même décor, marqué par la primauté du « nouveau Paris », un sentiment de prospérité et de paix intérieure, l’éclat de la vie mondaine, l’essor des spectacles et des loisirs, le faste des Expositions universelles, une atmosphère de fête, de réjouissances et de sexualité permissive. Même si ces traits oublient une large par des « réalités » de ces périodes, ils ont contribué à doter d’une « identité historique » la France contemporaine. C’est pourquoi penser les représentations, les regards ou les noms que les périodes historiques donnent à celles qui les ont précédées me semble participer pleinement de « l’opération historiographique ».
Égalité des relations intimes et Soi(s) transparent(s) : reconnaissance juridique du mariage transgenre à Hong Kong
Authors: Chiang Howard , Bras Pierre , Kail Michel 
Published: September 2017

En mai 2013, le Tribunal d’appel de Hong Kong a décidé d’autoriser les transsexuel∙le∙s à se marier selon leur genre acquis par réattribution plutôt que selon leur sexe de naissance. Ce jugement qui a fait date, W v the Registrar of marriages , a été considéré par beaucoup comme un événement déterminant pour le mouvement en faveur des droits LGBT dans les communautés sinophones. En examinant minutieusement à la fois les déclarations majoritaires et dissidentes, une analyse critique des paramètres du principe queer dans cette décision montre que l’encadrement libéral des droits au mariage des transgenres engendre ce que j’appelle « les résidus polis de l’hétéronormativité », rendant possible l’avancée de la cause queer en perpétuant certaines formes implicites d’oppression de genre et d’oppression sexuelle. Plus encore, ces résidus – cachés en étant intégrés dans une perspective plus large de progrès politique – dépendent d’une rhétorique de citationalité impériale qui font des superpuissances globales, spécialement la Grande-Bretagne et la Chine, des cadres normatifs de l’autorisation légale.
Consommations de substances psycho-actives en milieu carcéral : étude qualitative rétrospective
Authors: Fernandes Pereira Patrice , Simon Catherine 
Published: September 2017

La population carcérale est en moins bonne santé que la population générale et présente des comorbidités plus fréquentes, notamment addictives. L’enquête Drees de 2003 montrait que 33 % des entrants en prison déclaraient une utilisation prolongée et régulière de drogues illicites au cours des 12 mois précédant l’incarcération. Nous avons souhaité décrire la réalité des consommations de substances psycho-actives et pratiques à risques associées en détention. Nous avons ainsi mené 9 entretiens semi-dirigés qualitatifs auprès de personnes usagères de drogues ayant connu une incarcération à la maison d’arrêt de Brest. Nous avons mis en évidence la poursuite de consommations de substances licites (tabac, médicaments) et illicites (cannabis, héroïne, cocaïne) en détention avec des pratiques à risques associées (sniff, injection...). Il ressortait également en incarcération une omniprésence des sollicitations et du trafic avec des stratégies bien identifiées comme le troc ou l’échange. Les personnes interrogées ont aussi proposé plusieurs axes possibles d’amélioration de la prise en charge des usagers de drogues en prison, basés sur la diversification des soins, dont un meilleur accès à la réduction des risques, et l’autonomie des patients.
Women entrepreneurship in South Africa: Understanding the role of competencies in business success
Authors: Irene Bridget N.O. 
Published: September 2017

Background and aim: Environmental factors alone cannot determine the success of small, medium and micro-sized enterprises (SMMEs) and female entrepreneurs; there is a need to closely examine the internal factors that also contribute to business success. This is necessary because, despite the considerable government support and support of bodies interested in promoting gender equality in all areas (business included), 20% of female-owned businesses still fail annually. Consequently, even though, according to a report from the Department of Trade and Industry in South Africa, millions of Rands have been allocated to support female-owned SMMEs by way of government funding, training, grants and consultative support services, the failure rates of these female-owned businesses remain high. The main reason for this can be that over-dependence on these incentives often weakens rather than strengthens female entrepreneurs’ ability to manage their businesses and reduces their competitiveness by laying emphasis on external, contextual factors rather than internal, competence variables for success. Researchers in the past have suggested that focusing on the internal factors, especially the ‘people issues’ facing the entrepreneurs (in this case female entrepreneurs), may give the business a better chance of success.Design/methodology/approach: A ‘mixed-method’ approach, conducted in two parts, was adopted for this study and appropriate tools and techniques were used to collect and analyse the data drawn from a sample of female entrepreneurs in South Africa. The study applies culturally instantiated facets of the debate on gender entrepreneurship as part of a detailed and empirically sophisticated consideration of the status of female entrepreneurship within South Africa. The qualitative aspect utilised semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. The quantitative aspect utilised survey questionnaires developed from the findings of the qualitative study.Results: All participants agreed that entrepreneurial competencies are vital for business success. The study also makes a clear distinction between the traits approach and competencies approach in understanding business success. Arguably, the competency variable is viewed and appreciated differently by female entrepreneurs in South Africa. The findings also showed some cultural variations in the application of entrepreneurial competencies among the four dominant racial groups in South Africa.Conclusion: This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the competency variable in understanding the factors that influence business success in the context of South African female entrepreneurs. It provides a basis for an agenda for focus on training and development of the entrepreneurial competencies of female entrepreneurs in South Africa.
La gestión de la comunicación para el impulso de la Investigación e Innovación Responsables: propuesta de protocolo desde la ética dialógica
Authors: Fernández-Beltrán Francisco , García-Marzá Domingo , Sanahuja Sanahuja Rosana , Andrés Martínez Alicia , Barberá Forcadell Susana 
Published: September 2017

La Investigación e Innovación Responsables (RRI por sus siglas en inglés) se ha consolidado en una década como un eje central de las políticas sobre ciencia y tecnología de la Unión Europea que cabe abordar desde la perspectiva pluridisciplinar de la ética y la comunicación. Metodología: El estudio propone un protocolo de comunicación para favorecer la RRI basado en la ética dialógica y la teoría de los stakeholders. Para su elaboración se analizó la situación actual a través de encuestas a las 70 UCC+i españolas y se validó la propuesta mediante cuatro focus groups con grupos de interés de la ciencia y dos paneles Delphi de expertos. Resultados y conclusiones: La comunicación es un elemento moralmente imprescindible para la gestión de la RRI. Se propone un protocolo para la gestión de la comunicación que permita avanzar hacia una I+i más responsable, alineada con las expectativas de la sociedad.
International Morphological Terminology (anatomy, histology and embryology): beyond scientific terms
Authors: Losardo R. , Valverde Barbato de Prates N. , Arteaga-Martinez M. , García Peláez M. , Cabral R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe study of the International Morphological Terminology, the creation of a dictionary or guide and its implementation is complex. The creation of SILATs meant an advance in the studying, spreading and acceptance of the international morphology in Ibero-America. However, there are some problems that have not been completely solved. This paper tries to explain some aspects that will get us closer to the understanding of those challenges, together with a possible way of solving them.
Histological and hormonal studies of calabash chalk on ovarian function in adult female wistar rats
Authors: Oyewopo A. , Obasi K. , Anumudu K. , Yawson E. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Introduction: Calabash chalk is a naturally occurring mineral, chiefly composed of fossilized sea shells. It is prepared from clay and mud mixed with other ingredients, including lead, arsenic, sand and wood ash. Clay consumption is correlated with pregnancy, and also to eliminate morning sickness in women. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of calabash chalk on the ovarian function in adult female Wistar rats. Methods: Eighteen (18) adult female Wistar rats. Group A served as the control group, group B received 40 mg/kg body weight of Non-salted calabash chalk while group C received 40 mg/kg body weight of Salted calabash chalk for 14 days. On day 15, the animals were sacrificed for histological and biochemical examination. Results: Results showed a significant (P< 0.05) reduction in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels of the treatment groups when compared with the control group and an increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels of the treatment groups when compared with the control group. Histological examination of the ovaries showed severe deterioration of the ovarian follicles, necrosis and follicular atresia. Conclusion: Calabash chalk is toxic to ovarian function. These alterations have been shown to be the leading cause ofinfertility in female rats. Hence, proper monitoring, education, and regulation of the product is needed.
Maturation of human lingual papillae during second and third trimesters: a fetal histo-morphological study
Authors: Kumar R. , Souza A. , Kotian S. , Kalthur S. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe the histological changes of tongue in a growing fetus. There are very few studies on histogenesis of tongue in human fetuses. Therefore the present study was carried out to describe the histogenesis of human fetal tongue at different gestational ages. Material and Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted on 20 fetuses (both males and females). The tissue sections including both the anterior two thirds and the posterior one third of the tongue were dissected. The slides were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) for microscopic observation. The images were analysed digitally using ImagePro Premier 9.1 Software. Results: At 20th week, the tongue was lined by stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium and the different types of papillae were distinguishable. No taste buds were observed along the vallate papillae. The glandular and muscular components were well differentiated. At 24 weeks of gestation and the surface of the tongue was lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. At 36 weeks the thickness of the epithelium was significantly reduced and the vascularity of lamina propria was increased. Conclusion: As the prenatal development of the human lingual papillae during the irst trimester is already known through the literature, the present study highlighted the structural maturation of the papillae during second and third trimesters.
Histomorphology of the ovaries of the earthworm, Dendrobaena atheca Cernosvitov (Annelida, Clitellata: Oligochaeta)
Authors: Gorgees N. , Khalid V. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis comprehensive study was undertaken to reveal the ovarian histomorphology in the oligochaetous clitellte, Dendrobaena atheca Cernosvitov. Efforts were, in fact, made to obtain proper histological preparations. So, various types of thin serial sections of ovaries were carefully obtained, stained and examined. Two small ovaries, at the beginning of breeding seasons, were seen in segment thirteen. Subsequently, they extremely increased in size and became fully formed. They demonstrated six principal cell types: peritoneal cell, follicular cell, stromal cell, oogonium, oocyte and trophocyte (nurse cell). The first three cell types were somatic, whereas the other three were germ and germ-line. All cell types were, as much as possible, properly described. Dividing oogonia were seen to produce oocytes and trophocytes simultaneously. The produced cells were seen to be interconnected. The stromal cell, a newly described cell type, exhibited several specific cell characteristics. Ovaries showed no internal lumens. The small ovaries showed only two distinct histological zones, whereas the large ones showed three such zones. Germ and germ-line cells showed an obvious arrangement in ovarian zones. Accordingly, the chief conclusions are: (1) ovaries are nutrimental due to presence of trophocytes (2) ovaries are solid and not sac-like organs due the lack of internal cavity (3) stromal cell can be considered a new cell type as it demonstrates several specific cell features (4) Ovarian zonation is caused by production and arrangement of germ and germ-line cells (5) intercellular connections are due to incomplete cell divisions.
Treatments used in menopausal women susceptible to dyslipidemia and diabetes
Authors: Veloso A. , Gama E. , Maifrino L. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of types of treatment most used in menopausal women with dyslipidemia and susceptible to insulin resistance. Material and Methods: In the period between 2006 and 2016, articles of the PubMed database were evaluated using the keywords: pancreas, menopause, dyslipidemia and treatment. The following parameters were evaluated: title, year of publication, author, country of origin, studied model (human or animal), types of analysis (biometric, biochemical, physiological, morphological and immunohistochemical). Results: Of 530 articles investigated, 11 were evaluated, among which 45% used physical exercise as a treatment, 37% used the pharmacological treatment and 18% used diet. As for the year and country where the study was performed, 73% of the articles were published in the last six years (2011-2016), and 73% were published in the United States. In 27.3% of the articles were used animal models, and 72.7% used human models. The most employed analysis in the studies was the biochemical, and the least used (5%) was the morphological. Conclusion: Although physical exercise was the most common treatment in this study, the other treatments (diet and drugs) are of paramount importance to prevent pancreatic diseases and the development of type 2 diabetes, which certainly trigger a clinical picture of dyslipidemia, resulting in the irreversible deterioration of pancreatic cells.
Estimating global cropland production from 1961 to 2010
Authors: Han Pengfei , Zeng Ning , Zhao Fang , Lin Xiaohui 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Global cropland net primary production (NPP) has tripled over the last 50 years, contributing 17–45 % to the increase in global atmospheric CO2 seasonal amplitude. Although many regional-scale comparisons have been made between statistical data and modeling results, long-term national comparisons across global croplands are scarce due to the lack of detailed spatiotemporal management data. Here, we conducted a simulation study of global cropland NPP from 1961 to 2010 using a process-based model called Vegetation–Global Atmosphere–Soil (VEGAS) and compared the results with Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) statistical data on both continental and country scales. According to the FAO data, the global cropland NPP was 1.3, 1.8, 2.2, 2.6, 3.0, and 3.6 PgC yr−1 in the 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s, respectively. The VEGAS model captured these major trends on global and continental scales. The NPP increased most notably in the US Midwest, western Europe, and the North China Plain and increased modestly in Africa and Oceania. However, significant biases remained in some regions such as Africa and Oceania, especially in temporal evolution. This finding is not surprising as VEGAS is the first global carbon cycle model with full parameterization representing the Green Revolution. To improve model performance for different major regions, we modified the default values of management intensity associated with the agricultural Green Revolution differences across various regions to better match the FAO statistical data at the continental level and for selected countries. Across all the selected countries, the updated results reduced the RMSE from 19.0 to 10.5 TgC yr−1 (∼  45 % decrease). The results suggest that these regional differences in model parameterization are due to differences in socioeconomic development. To better explain the past changes and predict the future trends, it is important to calibrate key parameters on regional scales and develop data sets for land management history.
Hydrological connectivity from glaciers to rivers in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: roles of suprapermafrost and subpermafrost groundwater
Authors: Ma Rui , Sun Ziyong , Hu Yalu , Chang Qixin , Wang Shuo , Xing Wenle , Ge Mengyan 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The roles of groundwater flow in the hydrological cycle within the alpine area characterized by permafrost and/or seasonal frost are poorly known. This study explored the role of permafrost in controlling groundwater flow and the hydrological connections between glaciers in high mountains and rivers in the low piedmont plain with respect to hydraulic head, temperature, geochemical and isotopic data, at a representative catchment in the headwater region of the Heihe River, northeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. The results show that the groundwater in the high mountains mainly occurred as suprapermafrost groundwater, while in the moraine and fluvioglacial deposits on the planation surfaces of higher hills, suprapermafrost, intrapermafrost and subpermafrost groundwater cooccurred. Glacier and snow meltwaters were transported from the high mountains to the plain through stream channels, slope surfaces, and supra- and subpermafrost aquifers. Groundwater in the Quaternary aquifer in the piedmont plain was recharged by the lateral inflow from permafrost areas and the stream infiltration and was discharged as baseflow to the stream in the north. Groundwater maintained streamflow over the cold season and significantly contributed to the streamflow during the warm season. Two mechanisms were proposed to contribute to the seasonal variation of aquifer water-conduction capacity: (1) surface drainage through the stream channel during the warm period and (2) subsurface drainage to an artesian aquifer confined by stream icing and seasonal frost during the cold season.