bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porous tantalum biocomposites for osteochondral defect repair
Authors: Mrosek E. H. , Chung H-W. , Fitzsimmons J. S. , O’Driscoll S. W. , Reinholz G. G. , Schagemann J. C. 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesWe sought to determine if a durable bilayer implant composed of trabecular metal with autologous periosteum on top would be suitable to reconstitute large osteochondral defects. This design would allow for secure implant fixation, subsequent integration and remodeling.Materials and MethodsAdult sheep were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n = 8/group): 1. trabecular metal/periosteal graft (TMPG), 2. trabecular metal (TM), 3. empty defect (ED). Cartilage and bone healing were assessed macroscopically, biochemically (type II collagen, sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) content) and histologically.ResultsAt 16 weeks post-operatively, histological scores amongst treatment groups were not statistically different (TMPG: overall 12.7, cartilage 8.6, bone 4.1; TM: overall 14.2, cartilage 9.5, bone 4.9; ED: overall 13.6, cartilage 9.1, bone 4.5). Metal scaffolds were incorporated into the surrounding bone, both in TM and TMPG. The sGAG yield was lower in the neo-cartilage regions compared with the articular cartilage (AC) controls (TMPG 20.8/AC 39.5, TM 25.6/AC 33.3, ED 32.2/AC 40.2 µg sGAG/1 mg respectively), with statistical significance being achieved for the TMPG group (p < 0.05). Hypercellularity of the neo-cartilage was found in TM and ED, as the dsDNA content was significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared with contralateral AC controls (TM 126.7/AC 71.1, ED 99.3/AC 62.8 ng dsDNA/1 mg). The highest type II collagen content was found in neo-cartilage after TM compared with TMPG and ED (TM 60%/TMPG 40%/ED 39%). Inter-treatment differences were not significant.ConclusionsTM is a highly suitable material for the reconstitution of osseous defects. TM enables excellent bony ingrowth and fast integration. However, combined with autologous periosteum, such a biocomposite failed to promote satisfactory neo-cartilage formation. Cite this article: E. H. Mrosek, H-W. Chung, J. S. Fitzsimmons, S. W. O’Driscoll, G. G. Reinholz, J. C. Schagemann. Porous tantalum biocomposites for osteochondral defect repair: A follow-up study in a sheep model. Bone Joint J 2016;5:403–411. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.59.BJR-2016-0070.R1.
Virtual fracture clinic delivers British Orthopaedic Association compliance
Authors: Holgate J , Kirmani S , Anand B 
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION The British Orthopaedic Association recommends that patients referred to fracture clinic are thereafter reviewed within 72 hours. With the aim of improving care by seeking to meet this target, waiting times for fracture clinic appointments in a district general hospital were audited prospectively against this national guideline, with the intervening implementation of a virtual fracture clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted as a prospective closed-loop audit in which the second cycle took place several months after a change in the clinical pathway for all referrals from the emergency department to fracture clinic. Data were gathered in real-time via a pro forma during fracture clinic consultations. RESULTS The first cycle demonstrated a non-compliant mean waiting time of 10.7 days, with 6% of patients being seen within the 72-hour target. Following the implementation of the virtual fracture clinic, the second cycle found that all patients were reviewed within the 72-hour target (mean 1.3 days). DISCUSSION The improvement in performance was delivered with no increase in clinic capacity. The cost of implementation was negligible. CONCLUSION A simple virtual fracture clinic model delivered a significant reduction in waiting times and achieved compliance with the British Orthopaedic Association guideline. Similar results could be achieved in subsequent deployment elsewhere in the NHS.
Risk factors for intramedullary nail breakage in proximal femoral fractures: a 10-year retrospective review
Authors: Johnson NA , Uzoigwe C , Venkatesan M , Burgula V , Kulkarni A , Davison JN , Ashford RU 
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION Intramedullary nailing is a common treatment for proximal femoral fractures. Fracture of the nail is a rare but devastating complication that exposes often frail patients to complex revision surgery. We investigated which risk factors predict nail failure. METHODS We reviewed all cases of nail breakage seen over a 10-year period in a single busy trauma unit; 22 nail fractures were seen in 19 patients. Comparison was made with a group of 209 consecutive patients who underwent intramedullary fixation of a proximal femur fracture with no nail breakage over a 2-year period. RESULTS In the fractured nail group, mean age was 70.4 years (range 55–88 years).The mean time to fracture was 10 months (range 2.5–23 months). Logistical regression was used to show that low American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, subtrochanteric fracture and pathological fracture were independent risk factors for nail fracture. CONCLUSIONS Young patients with a low ASA score are at highest risk of nail breakage. We advise close follow-up of patients with these risk factors until bony union has been achieved. In addition, there may be merit in considering other treatment options, such as proximal femoral replacement, especially for those with pathological fracture with a good prognosis.
The management of colonic trauma in the damage control era
Authors: Shazi B , Bruce JL , Laing GL , Sartorius B , Clarke DL 
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to audit our current management of colonic trauma, and to review our experience of colonic trauma in patients who underwent initial damage control (DC) surgery. METHODS All patients treated for colonic trauma between January 2012 and December 2014 by the Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service were included in the study. Data reviewed included mechanism of injury, method of management (primary repair [PR], primary diversion [PD] or DC) and outcome (complications and mortality rate). Results A total of 128 patients sustained a colonic injury during the study period. Ninety-seven per cent of the injuries were due to penetrating trauma. Of these cases, 56% comprised stab wounds (SWs) and 44% were gunshot wounds (GSWs). Management was by PR in 99, PD in 20 and DC surgery in 9 cases. Among the 69 SW victims, 57 underwent PR, 9 had PD and 3 required a DC procedure. Of the 55 GSW cases, 40 were managed with PR, 9 with PD and 6 with DC surgery. In the PR group, there were 16 colonic complications (5 cases of breakdown and 11 of wound sepsis). Overall, nine patients (7%) died. CONCLUSIONS PR of colonic trauma is safe and should be used for the majority of such injuries. Persistent acidosis, however, should be considered a contraindication. In unstable patients with complex injuries, the optimal approach is to perform DC surgery. In this situation, formal diversion is contraindicated, and the injury should be controlled and dropped back into the abdomen at the primary operation. At the repeat operation, if the physiological insult has been reversed, then formal repair of the colonic injury is acceptable.
Usefulness of chemoradiotherapy for inoperable gastric cancer
Authors: Taki T , Hoya Y , Watanabe A , Nakayoshi T , Okamoto T , Sekine H , Mitsumori N , Yanaga K 
Published: September 2016

Introduction Radiotherapy is not commonly used for the treatment of gastric cancer in Japan, where surgery is the standard local treatment. We report the results of chemoradiotherapy in patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer which was deemed difficult to treat surgically. Methods Twenty-one patients with gastric cancer (including sixteen with advanced/recurrent gastric cancer and five with poor general condition) underwent chemo-radiotherapy, for whom the therapeutic efficacy, toxicity and survival period were analysed. Results The tumour response to chemoradiotherapy was categorised as complete, partial, stable or progressive in 5, 9, 3, and 4 patients, respectively, with an overall response rate of 67%. No serious complications such as gastrointestinal perforation or bleeding occurred, and no cardiac, hepatic or renal dysfunction developed during the follow-up period. The mean survival time was 19.8 months (range, 3–51 months). One patient died of another disease, 18 died of primary cancer and the cause of death was unknown in 2 patients. Conclusions Chemoradiotherapy appears to be an effective treatment for localised gastric cancer without distant metastases, but further studies are needed to determine the indications for chemoradiotherapy and late adverse effects, as well as the chemotherapy regimens to be used.
BENTUK KIGO PADA HAIKU DAN ISI SINDIRAN PADA SENRYU OLEH MAHASISWA SASTRA JEPANG UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
Authors: Dewi Fitriana Puspita , Worobroto Elizabeth , Andayani Santi 
Published: September 2016

In the Japanese literature, poetry has its own type and form, including Haiku and Senryu with 5-7-5 syllabic structure. Another prominent characteristic of Haiku is the topic concerning beauty of nature and the elements like Kigo or Kisetsu no Kotoba (the words marking the seasons) in which it shows the closeness of Japanese people with nature. Senryu has humorous and witty elements, including satire and the story about people; it does not describe season at all. Therefore, cultural background and social condition of society will affect content and form of the satire. This research aims to analyze the form of kigo in haiku and the content of satire in senryu, written by students of Japanese Literature in Brawijaya University. This research used qualitative descriptive methodology. The research shows the result that kigo ame and kigo taiyou are the most frequently used forms. In senryu, the contents of satire are love, student life, and physical depiction.
Characterization of Low Dimensional
RCD*(K, N) Spaces
Authors: Kitabeppu Yu , Lakzian Sajjad 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In this paper,we give the characterization of metric measure spaces that satisfy synthetic lower Riemannian
Ricci curvature bounds (so called RCD*(K, N) spaces) with non-empty one dimensional regular sets.
In particular, we prove that the class of Ricci limit spaces with Ric ≥ K and Hausdorff dimension N and the
class of RCD*(K, N) spaces coincide for N < 2 (They can be either complete intervals or circles). We will also
prove a Bishop-Gromov type inequality (that is ,roughly speaking, a converse to the Lévy-Gromov’s isoperimetric
inequality and was previously only known for Ricci limit spaces) which might be also of independent
interest.
Clinical autoantibody detection by microarray
Authors: Dillaerts Doreen , De Baere Heidi , Bossuyt Xavier 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Background:
AMiDot is a microdot array-based immunoassay that allows simultaneous detection of multiple autoantibodies on a single patient. We evaluated the AMiDot “Systemic Autoimmune Disease” (SAD) panel, which detects antibodies to 17 different antigens.

Methods:
AMiDot was performed on 184 samples from blood donors and on 280 randomly selected clinical samples containing antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens or to dsDNA. The results obtained by AMiDot on the clinical samples were compared to results obtained by EliA (Thermo Fisher) for anti-Ro60, anti-La, anti-RNP, anti-Scl-70, anti-CENPB, anti-Sm, and anti-Jo-1 and by Farr assay for anti-dsDNA. Discordant results were further analyzed by immunodot (D-tek).

Results:
Concordance between AMiDot and EliA was ≥87% and κ agreement ≥0.44. When compared to EliA and immunodot (in case of discordance between AMiDot and EliA), concordance improved to ≥91% and κ agreement to ≥0.77. The sensitivity of AMiDot (compared to EliA and immunodot, in case of discordance between AMiDot and EliA) was ≥93%, except for anti-Ro60 (84%). The concordance and κ agreement of AMiDot with the Farr assay (for dsDNA antibodies) was, respectively, 84% and 0.33. The sensitivity of AMiDot for dsDNA (compared to Farr assay) was 25%. The specificity was ≥97% (in blood donors as well as in clinical samples). The within-run imprecision was 9%–27% and the between-run imprecision 29%–39%.

Conclusions:
AMiDot offers an alternative to line immunodot assay. Individual antibody assays might suffer from low sensitivity.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from deoiled brown algal extract via Box-Behnken based design and their antimicrobial and sensing properties
Authors: Periaswamy Sivagnanam Saravana , Tilahun Getachew Adane , Choi Jae Hyung , Park Yong Beom , Woo Hee Chul , Chun Byung Soo 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The aim of this work was to acquire even and sphere-shaped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using statistical design of experiment. AgNPs were produced by green synthesis method using deoiled Saccharina japonica powder obtained after supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO2) extraction. Based on the Box-Behnken design, three variables influencing the size of AgNPs produced were identified as silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration, temperature, and reaction time. Optimum conditions were determined using response surface methodology for synthesis of AgNPs. We found that increasing reaction time at low concentration of AgNO3 resulted in smaller particle size, and conversely increasing reaction time at high concentration of AgNO3 resulted in bigger particles. The obtained AgNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction analysis, and ultraviolet-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques for particle size, distribution, aggregation, and anisotropy. The optimum operating conditions are 1 mm of AgNO3, 40°C, and 45 min with the smallest AgNPs size being 14.77 nm. The optimized AgNPs showed good antimicrobial activity and excellent sensing behavior towards hydrogen peroxide. The polyphenols present in aqueous AgNPs were evaluated by high-pressure liquid chromatography, which revealed the existence of chlorogenic acid and rutin.
Progesterone in normal and pathological pregnancy
Authors: Di Renzo Gian Carlo , Giardina Irene , Clerici Graziano , Brillo Eleonora , Gerli Sandro 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Progesterone is an essential hormone in the process of reproduction. It is involved in the menstrual cycle, implantation and is essential for pregnancy maintenance. It has been proposed and extensively used in the treatment of different gynecological pathologies as well as in assisted reproductive technologies and in the maintenance of pregnancy. Called “the pregnancy hormone”, natural progesterone is essential before pregnancy and has a crucial role in its maintenance based on different mechanisms such as: modulation of maternal immune response and suppression of inflammatory response (the presence of progesterone and its interaction with progesterone receptors at the decidua level appears to play a major role in the maternal defense strategy), reduction of uterine contractility (adequate progesterone concentrations in myometrium are able to counteract prostaglandin stimulatory activity as well as oxytocin), improvement of utero-placental circulation and luteal phase support (it has been demonstrated that progesterone may promote the invasion of extravillous trophoblasts to the decidua by inhibiting apoptosis of extravillous trophoblasts). Once the therapeutic need of progesterone is established, the key factor is the decision of the best route to administer the hormone and the optimal dosage determination. Progesterone can be administered by many different routes, but the most utilized are oral, the vaginal and intramuscular administration. The main uses of progesterone are represented by: threatened miscarriage, recurrent miscarriage and preterm birth (in the prevention strategy, as a tocolytic agent and also in the maintenance of uterine quiescence).
Effect of Processing Parameters on Plasma Jet and In-flight Particles Characters in Supersonic Plasma Spraying
Authors: Wei Pei , Wei Zhengying , Zhao Guangxi , Bai Y. , Tan Chao 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn supersonic plasma spraying system (SAPS), heat transfer from arc plasma is characterized by several distinct features, such as transport of dissociation and ionization energy and of electrical charges in addition to mass transport. The thermodynamic and transport properties of plasma jet were influenced by several main parameters such as primary gas flow rate, the H2 vol.% and current intensity A. This paper first analyzes the effect of these parameters on the temperature and velocity of plasma jet theoretically. Further, the loading particles were melted and accelerated by plasma jet. Effects of several main parameters such as carrier gas flow rate, the H2 vol.%, the current intensity, the voltage and the spraying distance on temperature and velocity of in-flight particle were studied experimentally. The average maximum temperature and velocity of in-flight particle at any given parameters were systematically quantified. Optimal SAPS process parameters were given in this paper. In general, increasing the particles impacting velocity and surface temperature can improve the maximum spreading factor and decrease the coating porosity.
Automatical Knowledge Representation of Logical Relations by Dynamical Neural Network
Authors: Wang Gang 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Currently, most artificial neural networks (ANNs) represent relations, such as back-propagation neural network, in the manner of functional approximation. This kind of ANN is good at representing the numeric relations or ratios between things. However, for representing logical relations, these ANNs have disadvantages because their representation is in the form of ratio. Therefore, to represent logical relations directly, we propose a novel ANN model called probabilistic logical dynamical neural network (PLDNN). Inhibitory links are introduced to connect exciting links rather than neurons so as to inhibit the connected exciting links conditionally to make them represent logical relations correctly. The probabilities are assigned to the weights of links to indicate the belief degree in logical relations under uncertain situations. Moreover, the network structure of PLDNN is less limited in topology than traditional ANNs, and it is dynamically built completely according to the data to make it adaptive. PLDNN uses both the weights of links and the interconnection structure to memorize more information. The model could be applied to represent logical relations as the complement to numeric ANNs.
Prenatal screening for microcephaly: an update after three decades
Authors: Gelber Shari E. , Grünebaum Amos , Chervenak Frank A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground:Due to the recent outbreak of Zika virus, there has been a newfound interest in fetal and neonatal microcephaly. In 1984, Chervenak et al. proposed criteria for the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of microcephaly as ≤3 standard deviations (SD) from the mean. Despite improvements in medicine these criteria have not been reevaluated in 30 years.Objective:To examine how the original 1984 Chervenak et al. criteria for the diagnosis of fetal microcephaly apply to a current population utilizing modern ultrasound equipment and techniques.Study design:Retrospective database review of 27,697 ultrasound exams between 18 and 40 weeks’ gestation. Mean and SDs were calculated for each week of gestation from 18 to 40 completed weeks and these were compared to the 1984 data.Results:There is no statistically significant difference in gestational age-specific mean head circumference (HC) between the two studied populations. Because the current dataset is larger the SD differ.Conclusions:The 1984 ultrasound criteria for microcephaly remain valid. Physicians today have two alternatives: either use the 3SD cutoff as recommended by Chervenak et al. and endorsed by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) or develop a new dataset for one’s population with statistical validation.
Novel and facile synthesis of transparent-monolithic TiO2 gels by sol-gel method based on an esterification reaction
Authors: Elghniji Kais , Anna-Rabah Zohra , Elaloui Elimame 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTransparent TiO2 monoliths were obtained through a modified sol-gel route from titanium isopropoxide as a precursor. By controlling the hydrolysis of this precursor through the intermediate of esterification reaction between acetic acid and isopropanol at 40 °C, transparent TiO2 xerogel monoliths were obtained. The monoliths prepared by this method were transparent in the wavelengths between 400 nm and 700 nm. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy suggested that the acetic acid played also an active role as a chelating agent, forming Ti[(OH)y(OOCCH3)x] less reactive species. Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed the amorphous-to-anatase phase transformation with the formation of unknown Ti-containing complex at 90 °C. Only anatase TiO2 could be observed in the samples calcined at 250 °C and 450 °C. Optical aspects of the gel (transparent-transluscent transformation of monolithic gel) and gelation time were controlled by changing the amount of external water.
Comparative analysis of XTT assay and xCELLigence system by measuring cytotoxicity of resveratrol in human cancer cell lines
Authors: Atmaca Harika , Bozkurt Emir , Kısım Aslı , Uslu Rüçhan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Objective
In vitro preliminary oncological and translational studies are mainly based on evaluating the cytotoxic effects of a specific compound on cultured cells. Resveratrol is a commercially available compound which is originally isolated from the roots of white hellebore and later from Polygonum cuspidatum. The objective of the study was to compare cytotoxicity data of Resveratrol from XTT end point assay with a real-time cell based xCELLigence system in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, speed and reproducibility in a panel of human cancer cell lines.

Methods
XTT end point assay and real-time cell based xCELLigence system were used to evaluate cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity results were verified by monitoring cells under phase-contrast microscope which were treated with IC50 values of resveratrol.

Results
Resveratrol decreased cell viability in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in all cancer cell lines when tested by both the XTT assay and xCELLigence system. Standard deviations of the xCELLigence data were found to be lower than the data from XTT assay.

Conclusion
The data from this study strongly imply that xCELLigence system has higher precision, more enlightening and more reproducible than XTT end point assay.
Importancia de la educación publicitaria
Authors: Pellicer Jordá María Teresa 
Published: September 2016

El presente trabajo analiza la publicidad y la necesidad de educar a la población en esta materia. Nuestro objetivo con este artículo es demostrar la necesidad de educar a la ciudadanía, especialmente a los niños, para que aprendan a leer publicidad y, así, minimizar sus efectos negativos en la sociedad. Para ello, vamos a analizar la situación publicitaria actual, prestando especial atención al público infantil, con el fin de conocer y entender con mayor detalle la necesidad de una educación publicitaria. También conoceremos la importancia de la escuela en esta labor que planteamos. Todo esto nos permitirá concluir que – al igual que ocurre en el resto de ámbitos de la vida- la educación es la única opción para solucionar todos los problemas que se derivan del gran volumen de anuncios al que estamos expuestos cada día, para hacer ciudadanos realmente libres respecto al consumo y de ofrecer a la sociedad una auténtica capacidad autónoma respecto a la publicidad, como herramienta del sector capitalista.