bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiometabolic management in severe mental illness requiring an atypical antipsychotic
Authors: Schmitz Allison , Rohrich Melissa , Newman William , Wolf Pamela 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Introduction:
Cardiometabolic management was evaluated in patients with diabetes and a severe mental illness that require treatment with an atypical antipsychotic.

Methods:
Seventy-four patients with diabetes and a severe mental illness treated with an atypical antipsychotic from the Fargo Veterans' Affairs Health Care System were included in this retrospective study. Primary end points analyzed the change in hemoglobin A1c (Hgb A1c), blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 12 months prior to and 12 months following the initiation of an atypical antipsychotic. Secondary end points evaluated changes specific to clozapine and olanzapine. Additional secondary end points evaluated the medication management for cardiometabolic disease prior to and following atypical antipsychotic initiation.

Results:
In the 12 months following atypical antipsychotic initiation, there were no statistically significant changes in metabolic parameters. Mean Hgb A1c increased from 6.9% to 7.2% (P = .47), mean systolic blood pressure decreased slightly from 132 to 127.8 mm Hg (P = .97), mean diastolic blood pressure decreased slightly from 79.6 to 76.6 mm Hg (P = .19), and mean LDL remained unchanged at 104.4 mg/dL (P = .92). Medications to control cardiometabolic disease increased substantially following atypical antipsychotic initiation; 35.1%, 39.2%, and 39.2% of patients were started on one or more new antihyperglycemics, antihypertensives, and statins, respectively.

Discussion:
Patients had a significant increase in prescriptions to manage cardiometabolic disease in the 12 months following initiation of an atypical antipsychotic. Although medications to manage cardiometabolic disease increased, the actual metabolic parameters did not significantly change during the same time period.
Comparison of thermal modeling, microstructural analysis, and Ti‐in‐quartz thermobarometry to constrain the thermal history of a cooling pluton during deformation in the Mount Abbot Quadrangle, CA
Authors: Nevitt Johanna M. , Warren Jessica M. , Kidder Steven , Pollard David D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGranitic plutons commonly preserve evidence for jointing, faulting, and ductile fabric development during cooling. Constraining the spatial variation and temporal evolution of temperature during this deformation could facilitate an integrated analysis of heterogeneous deformation over multiple length‐scales through time. Here, we constrain the evolving temperature of the Lake Edison granodiorite within the Mount Abbot Quadrangle (central Sierra Nevada, CA) during late Cretaceous deformation by combining microstructural analysis, titanium‐in‐quartz thermobarometry (TitaniQ), and thermal modeling. Microstructural and TitaniQ analyses were applied to 12 samples collected throughout the pluton, representative of either the penetrative “regional” fabric or the locally strong “fault‐related” fabric. Overprinting textures and mineral assemblages indicate the temperature decreased from 400–500°C to <350°C during faulting. TitaniQ reveals consistently lower Ti concentrations for partially reset fault‐related fabrics (average: 12 ± 4 ppm) than for regional fabrics (average: 31 ± 12 ppm), suggesting fault‐related fabrics developed later, following a period of pluton cooling. Uncertainties, particularly in TiO2 activity, significantly limit further quantitative thermal estimates using TitaniQ. In addition, we present a 1‐D heat conduction model that suggests average pluton temperature decreased from 585°C at 85 Ma to 332°C at 79 Ma, consistent with radiometric age data for the field. Integrated with the model results, microstructural temperature constraints suggest faulting initiated by ∼83 Ma, when the temperature was nearly uniform across the pluton. Thus, spatially heterogeneous deformation cannot be attributed to a persistent temperature gradient, but may be related to regional structures that develop in cooling plutons.
On the wave number 2 eastward propagating quasi 2 day wave at middle and high latitudes
Authors: Gu Sheng‐Yang , Liu Han‐Li , Pedatella N. M. , Dou Xiankang , Liu Yu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe temperature and wind data sets from the ensemble data assimilation version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model + Data Assimilation Research Testbed (WACCM + DART) developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) are utilized to study the seasonal variability of the eastward quasi 2 day wave (QTDW) with zonal wave number 2 (E2) during 2007. The aliasing ratio of E2 from wave number 3 (W3) in the synoptic WACCM data set is a constant value of 4 × 10−6% due to its uniform sampling pattern, whereas the aliasing is latitudinally dependent if the WACCM fields are sampled asynoptically based on the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) sampling. The aliasing ratio based on SABER sampling is 75% at 40°S during late January, where and when W3 peaks. The analysis of the synoptic WACCM data set shows that the E2 is in fact a winter phenomenon, which peaks in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere at high latitudes. In the austral winter period, the amplitudes of E2 can reach ~10 K, 20 m/s, and 30 m/s for temperature, zonal, and meridional winds, respectively. In the boreal winter period, the wave perturbations are only one third as strong as those in austral winter. Diagnostic analysis also shows that the mean flow instabilities in the winter upper mesosphere polar region provide sources for the amplification of E2. This is different from the westward QTDWs, whose amplifications are related to the summer easterly jet. In addition, the E2 also peaks at lower altitude than the westward modes.
Earthquake source properties of a shallow induced seismic sequence in SE Brazil
Authors: Agurto‐Detzel Hans , Bianchi Marcelo , Prieto Germán A. , Assumpção Marcelo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe study source parameters of a cluster of 21 very shallow (<1 km depth) small‐magnitude (Mw < 2) earthquakes induced by percolation of water by gravity in SE Brazil. Using a multiple empirical Green's functions (meGf) approach, we estimate seismic moments, corner frequencies, and static stress drops of these events by inversion of their spectral ratios. For the studied magnitude range (−0.3 < Mw < 1.9), we found an increase of stress drop with seismic moment. We assess associated uncertainties by considering different signal time windows and by performing a jackknife resampling of the spectral ratios. We also calculate seismic moments by full waveform inversion to independently validate our moments from spectral analysis. We propose repeated rupture on a fault patch at shallow depth, following continuous inflow of water, as the cause for the observed low absolute stress drop values (<1 MPa) and earthquake size dependency. To our knowledge, no other study on earthquake source properties of shallow events induced by water injection with no added pressure is available in the literature. Our study suggests that source parameter characterization may provide additional information of induced seismicity by hydraulic stimulation.
Revisiting Southern Hemisphere polar stratospheric temperature trends in WACCM: The role of dynamical forcing
Authors: Calvo N. , Garcia R. R. , Kinnison D. E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe latest version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM), which includes a new chemistry scheme and an updated parameterization of orographic gravity waves, produces temperature trends in the Antarctic lower stratosphere in excellent agreement with radiosonde observations for 1969–1998 as regards magnitude, location, timing, and persistence. The maximum trend, reached in November at 100 hPa, is −4.4 ± 2.8 K decade−1, which is a third smaller than the largest trend in the previous version of WACCM. Comparison with a simulation without the updated orographic gravity wave parameterization, together with analysis of the model's thermodynamic budget, reveals that the reduced trend is due to the effects of a stronger Brewer‐Dobson circulation in the new simulations, which warms the polar cap. The effects are both direct (a trend in adiabatic warming in late spring) and indirect (a smaller trend in ozone, hence a smaller reduction in shortwave heating, due to the warmer environment).
Dynamic assessment of RBC‐transfusion dependency improves the prognostic value of the revised‐IPSS in MDS patients
Authors: Hiwase Devendra K. , Singhal Deepak , Strupp Corinna , Chhetri Rakchha , Kutyna Monika M. , Wee L. Amilia , Harrison Peter B. , Nath Shriram V. , Wickham Nicholas , Hui Chi‐Hung , Gray James X. , Bardy Peter , Ross David M. , Lewis Ian D. , Reynolds John , To L. Bik , Germing Ulrich 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRBC‐transfusion dependency (RBC‐TD) is an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival (OS) in the WHO classification‐based prognostic scoring system (WPSS) for MDS patients. However, WPSS did not include cytopenia, whereas revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS‐R) did not include RBC‐TD. Thus, neither of these prognostic scoring systems incorporates both cytopenia and RBC‐TD. We aimed to test whether RBC‐TD adds prognostic value to the IPSS‐R. We analyzed MDS patients not treated with disease‐modifying therapy, and enrolled in SA‐MDS Registry (derivation cohort; n = 295) and Dusseldorf registry (Germany; validation cohort; n = 113) using time‐dependent Cox proportional regression and serial landmark analyses. In the derivation cohort, RBC‐TD patients had inferior OS compared to RBC transfusion‐independent (RBC‐TI) patients (P < 0.0001) at 6‐ (18 vs. 64 months), 12‐ (24 vs. 71 months), and 24‐months (40 vs. 87 months). In a Cox proportional regression analysis, RBC‐TD was an independent adverse prognostic marker in addition to age, sex, and IPSS‐R variables (P < 0.0001). A prognostic index (PI) was derived using these Cox‐proportional regression model variables. In the validation cohort, this PI classified patients into four prognostic groups with significantly different OS (P < 0.001) as in the derivation cohort. In conclusion, multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazards regression and serial landmark analyses clearly demonstrates that development of RBC‐TD at any time during the course of MDS is associated with poor OS, independent of IPSS‐R. This study demonstrates that dynamic assessment of RBC‐TD provides additional prognostic value to IPSS‐R and should be included in treatment decision algorithms for MDS patients.
Nutrition and physical activity transitions in the Ecuadorian Andes: Differences among urban and rural‐dwelling women
Authors: Melby Christopher L. , Orozco Fadya , Ochoa Diana , Muquinche Maria , Padro Manuel , Munoz Fabian N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe nutrition and physical activity transitions, characterized by increased consumption of high energy density foods and more sedentary lifestyles, are associated with increased obesity and hypertension in Ecuador. These transitions have been characterized primarily in urban areas, which may neglect variation in specific rural areas of Ecuador. Therefore we examined the extent of the differences in dietary and activity patterns, obesity prevalence, and blood pressure (BP) in urban and rural‐dwelling women in the Ecuadorian central highlands.MethodsUrban‐dwelling women (UW, n = 198, mean age = 44 years) from three areas of a city of 250,000 residents and rural women (RW; n = 202, mean age = 47 years) from three remote communities in the same province (Chimborazo) were randomly selected and surveyed for dietary and activity practices, BP, and anthropometrics.ResultsNinety percent of UW reported obtaining their food primarily from markets while 65% of RW women obtained their food primarily from their own cultivation. Cookies, cakes, candies, ice cream, and French fries were consumed more frequently by UW. RW reported lower consumption of beef, poultry, and chicken, as well as fruits, milk, and white rice. UW compared to RW women spent less time walking and in strenuous work activities. Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) (UW = 18.7% vs RW = 9.2%) and hypertension (UW = 15.7%, RW= 3.0%) were more common in UW. Average systolic and diastolic BP was significantly higher in UW.ConclusionsThe nutrition and physical activity transitions appear more evident in urban‐ compared to rural‐dwelling women, and are associated with more obesity and higher BP.
Regio‐ and Enantioselective Photodimerization within the Confined Space of a Homochiral Ruthenium/Palladium Heterometallic Coordination Cage
Authors: Guo Jing , Xu Yao‐Wei , Li Kang , Xiao Li‐Min , Chen Sha , Wu Kai , Chen Xu‐Dong , Fan Yan‐Zhong , Liu Jun‐Min , Su Cheng‐Yong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe photoinduced regio‐ and enantioselective coupling of naphthols and derivatives thereof is achieved in the confined chiral coordination space of a RuII metalloligand based cage. The racemic or enantiopure cages encapsulate naphthol guests, which then undergo a regiospecific 1,4‐coupling, rather than the normal 1,1‐coupling, to form 4‐(2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthyl)‐1,2‐napthoquinones; moderate stereochemical control is achieved with homochiral cages. The photoreactions proceed under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions but through distinct pathways that nevertheless involve the same radical intermediates. This unusual dimerization constitutes a very rare example of asymmetric induction in biaryl coupling by making use of coordination cages with dual functionality—photoredox reactivity and stereoselectivity.
Pump‐Probe Fragmentation Action Spectroscopy: A Powerful Tool to Unravel Light‐Induced Processes in Molecular Photocatalysts
Authors: Imanbaew Dimitri , Lang Johannes , Gelin Maxim F. , Kaufhold Simon , Pfeffer Michael G. , Rau Sven , Riehn Christoph 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe present a proof of concept that ultrafast dynamics combined with photochemical stability information of molecular photocatalysts can be acquired by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry combined with time‐resolved femtosecond laser spectroscopy in an ion trap. This pump‐probe “fragmentation action spectroscopy” gives straightforward access to information that usually requires high purity compounds and great experimental efforts. Results of gas‐phase studies on the electronic dynamics of two supramolecular photocatalysts compare well to previous findings in solution and give further evidence for a directed electron transfer, a key process for photocatalytic hydrogen generation.
Rheological behaviors of carboxymethyl tamarind gum as thickener on georgette printing with disperse dyes
Authors: Wang Lili , Li Rumeng , Shao Jianzhong , Wang Zhao 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe printing performances on georgette fabric with disperse dyes are closely related to the rheological behaviors of thickener used in the printing paste. Compared with sodium alginate (SA), rheological behaviors of carboxymethyl tamarind gum (CTG) were investigated by steady shear, oscillatory and transient tests. Results showed that CTG and SA exhibited typical pseudoplastic characteristics, more viscous behaviors under lower frequency and high viscosity recoverability. Flow behaviors were well predicted by Cross model at low shear rates and power‐law model at high shear rates. Viscoelastic behaviors were well depicted by Friedrich–Braun model. However, CTG had quicker shear‐thinning features and stronger elasticity than SA. In the disperse printing of georgette fabric, CTG had better screenability, higher color yield, excellent double‐sided printings, levelness, hand, color fastness, and outline sharpness instead of SA. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45000.
Ionic liquid‐modified graphene/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite with enhanced properties
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Wenwen , Fan Ping , Zhou Menglong , Yang Jintao , Chen Feng , Zhong Mingqiang 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTHow to preserve the structure integrity of graphene while enhance its dispersion and compatibility in matrix attracts the attention of researchers in graphene/polymer nanocomposite field. In this paper, methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC), a kind of ionic liquids, was first used to non‐covalently functionalize graphene in the process of graphene oxide (GO) reduction. The as‐modified graphene (DMC‐rGO) was further incorporated into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix by solution casting technique to fabricate DMC‐rGO/PVA composites. The structure and properties of the obtained DMC‐rGO were investigated by X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD), X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman test. The results showed that graphene could be successfully modified by DMC through ionic–π interaction and the structure integrity of the graphene could be reserved by this non‐covalently approach. Furthermore, after co‐reduction process, some hydroxyl groups were introduced into DMC‐rGO. In virtue of these intrinsic properties of DMC‐rGO, the fabricated DMC‐rGO/PVA composites exhibit considerable enhancements in mechanical properties and remarkable improvements in thermal stability, as well as the enhancement in electrical conductivity at low DMC‐rGO loading. This simple modification approach gives a new opportunity to improve the performances of graphene/polymer composites. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45006.
Redox Catalysis for Improved Counter‐Electrode Kinetics in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Fan Li , Jennings James Robert , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Grätzel Michael , Wang Qing 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDeveloping high‐performance, low‐cost electrocatalysts for the reduction reaction at the cathode of dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) is important for their commercialization. Here, we introduce the concept of redox catalysis for improving counter‐electrode (CE) kinetics in DSCs for the first time. As a proof‐of‐concept, we employ a catalytic system based on mesoporous indium‐tin oxide electrodes modified by redox‐active Os complex molecules (Os@ITO), which are fabricated by using a convenient method similar to that used for sensitizing the DSC photoanode. The adsorbed molecular catalyst displays high catalytic activity for the reduction of I3− species in aqueous solution, and dramatically increased fill factor (FF) in photovoltaic measurements. Analysis of DSC current‐voltage characteristics under simulated sunlight, together with current‐overpotential characteristics and electrochemical impedance spectra of various CEs, reveals that the photovoltaic performance enhancement brought about by anchoring the Os complex to the mesoporous ITO electrode can be attributed to a roughly ten‐fold enhancement in exchange current density for the I−/I3− redox reaction. It is anticipated that these results will stimulate further research into redox catalysis as a new CE concept for DSCs.
Solvent‐Free Synthesis of ITQ‐12, ITQ‐13, and ITQ‐17 Zeolites
Authors: Wu Qinming , Liu Xiaolong , Zhu Longfeng , Meng Xiangju , Deng Feng , Fan Fengtao , Feng Zhaochi , Li Can , Maurer Stefan , Feyen Mathias , Müller Ulrich , Xiao Feng‐Shou 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDevelopment of the sustainable routes for synthesis of ITQ‐family zeolites is very important because of their unique structures and excellent catalytic and adsorptive properties. The burden of costly raw materials and low efficiency of synthesis put a strong challenge for their widespread commercial application. Here, we show an alternative and simple route for synthesis of ITQ‐12, ITQ‐13, and ITQ‐17 zeolites using commercially available organic templates by a facile grinding process of anhydrous starting raw solids, followed by heating at 140—180 °C. Compared with the conventional hydrothermal synthesis, this approach has obvious advantages such as employment of low‐cost organic templates with very high effectiveness, high yield of zeolite products, short crystallization time, and relatively simple procedures. This methodology might open a pathway to synthesize ITQ zeolites with more sustainable manner.
Combination of imaging flow cytometry and time‐lapse microscopy for the study of label‐free morphology dynamics of hematopoietic cells
Authors: Cosette Jérémie , Moussy Alice , Paldi Andras , Stockholm Daniel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCell differentiation is a longitudinal and dynamic process. Studying and quantifying such a process require tools combining precise time resolution and statistical power. Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) provides statistically significant number of microscopy images of individual cells in a sample at a given time point. Time‐lapse microscopy (TLM) is the method of choice for studying the dynamics of cell processes at a high temporal, but low statistical resolution. In this work, we show that the dynamic changes of cord‐blood derived CD34+ cells in response to cytokine stimulation can be successfully studied, in a label‐free way, by the combination of the IFCs statistical power and the TLM's high time resolution. Cell morphology phenotypes were quantified through roundness and surface area, measured both in IFC and with a homemade segmentation algorithm in TLM. Two distinct morphologies—polarized and round—were observed in cord‐blood derived CD34+. We show that some cells have the ability to fluctuate between these morphologies, suggesting that the apparent stable composition of round and polarized cells may actually represent a dynamic equilibrium. This example demonstrates that the different resolutions and modalities of IFC and TLM are complementary and allow the study of complex dynamic biological processes. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
A hidden Markov movement model for rapidly identifying behavioral states from animal tracks
Authors: Whoriskey Kim , Auger‐Méthé Marie , Albertsen Christoffer M. , Whoriskey Frederick G. , Binder Thomas R. , Krueger Charles C. , Mills Flemming Joanna 
Published: March 2017

AbstractElectronic telemetry is frequently used to document animal movement through time. Methods that can identify underlying behaviors driving specific movement patterns can help us understand how and why animals use available space, thereby aiding conservation and management efforts. For aquatic animal tracking data with significant measurement error, a Bayesian state‐space model called the first‐Difference Correlated Random Walk with Switching (DCRWS) has often been used for this purpose. However, for aquatic animals, highly accurate tracking data are now becoming more common. We developed a new hidden Markov model (HMM) for identifying behavioral states from animal tracks with negligible error, called the hidden Markov movement model (HMMM). We implemented as the basis for the HMMM the process equation of the DCRWS, but we used the method of maximum likelihood and the R package TMB for rapid model fitting. The HMMM was compared to a modified version of the DCRWS for highly accurate tracks, the DCRWS, and to a common HMM for animal tracks fitted with the R package moveHMM. We show that the HMMM is both accurate and suitable for multiple species by fitting it to real tracks from a grey seal, lake trout, and blue shark, as well as to simulated data. The HMMM is a fast and reliable tool for making meaningful inference from animal movement data that is ideally suited for ecologists who want to use the popular DCRWS implementation and have highly accurate tracking data. It additionally provides a groundwork for development of more complex modeling of animal movement with TMB. To facilitate its uptake, we make it available through the R package swim.