bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ БИОДЕСТРУКТОРЫ ПОЛИКЕТИДНЫХ МИКОТОКСИНОВ, ЗАГРЯЗНЯЮЩИХ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННУЮ ПРОДУКЦИЮ
Authors: Стацюк Н.В. , Синельников И.Г. , Микитюк О.Д. , Назарова Т.А. , Щербакова Л.А. 
Published: September 2024

Афлатоксин В1 (AFB1) и зеараленон (ZEN) относятся к наиболее распространенным поликетидным микотоксинам, загрязняющим сельскохозяйственную продукцию. Воздействие этих микотоксинов на организм сельскохозяйственных животных наносит существенный ущерб их здоровью и продуктивности. Мировой экономический ущерб от потерь урожая, вызванных заражением токсиногенных грибов, достигает 16 млрд. USD/год. Поэтому деконтаминация загрязненной продукции имеет важное экономическое значение. Одним из перспективных методов в этом отношении является использование микроорганизмов-деструкторов, способных катаболизировать микотоксины, в том числе AFB1 и ZEN. В настоящее время для целого ряда микроорганизмов показана способность необратимо трансформировать эти поликетиды в менее токсичные соединения.
В результате проведенного нами скрининга 41 изолята различных видов грибов, колонизирующих природные субстраты совместно с продуцентом AFB1 Aspergillus flavus, на способность разрушать AFB1, добавленный в питательную среду, было выявлено несколько его перспективных биодеструкторов, в частности, изолят Phoma glomerata PG41, обладавший наиболее выраженной целевой активностью. Анализ экзометаболитов PG41 позволил установить белковую природу фактора, ответственного за эту активность. Биоинформационный анализ последовательностей пептидов, полученных в результате трипсинолиза данного белкового фактора, очищенного с помощью электрофореза, позволил выявить его достоверную гомологию с некоторыми микробными оксидазами и оксидо-редуктазами, в частности, с оксидазой из гриба Armillariella tabescens, что позволяет предположить, присутствие в секретоме PG41 токсин-конвертирующих ферментов оксидазного типа.
Было также установлено, что коллекционный штамм GRZ7 гриба Clonostachys rosea (синоним Gliocladium rosea) обладающий лактоназной активностью, обеспечивал высокую степень катаболизма ZEN, добавленного в питательную среду, а его экзометаболиты оказались способны деградировать не только AFB1, но и ZEN. Их ZEN-деградирующая эффективность в модельных смесях достигала 68% и значительно превосходила таковую для AFB1 (30%). Идентификация гена лактоназы ZEN и его перенос в промышленный штамм Penicillium canescens PCA-10 обеспечили возможность создания эффективного рекомбинантного продуцента, в культуральной жидкости которого происходила необратимая трансформация токсина и его полное удаление из модельного раствора после 3-часовой инкубации.
Кроме того, методом гетерологичной экспрессии был получен активный дрожжевой штамм-продуцент GS115, секретирующий афлатоксин-оксидазу из A. tabescens.
Дальнейшие исследования показали, что указанные рекомбинантные продуценты могут быть использованы для получения соответствующих токсин-деградирующих ферментов в количествах, достаточных для обработки зерна, контаминированного AFB1 или ZEN.
Исследование поддержано Российским научным фондом (проект № 22-16-00153).
Diagnostic application of the ColonFlag AI tool in combination with faecal immunochemical test in patients on an urgent lower gastrointestinal cancer pathway
Authors: Ayling Ruth M , Cotter Finbarr 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveColorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer in the UK. Patients with symptoms suggestive of CRC should be referred for urgent investigation. However, gastrointestinal symptoms are often non-specific and there is a need for suitable triage tools to enable prioritisation of investigations. In this study, the performance of the faecal immunochemical test (FIT), anaemia and the artificial intelligence algorithm ColonFlag were retrospectively examined and evaluated for their potential clinical benefits in patients who had been referred on an urgent lower gastrointestinal cancer pathway.DesignAll patients aged over 40 years referred in a 12-month period were included. After 6 months, clinical outcomes were determined and the performance of the triage tests was evaluated.ResultsA total of 3822 patients completed investigations and received a diagnosis. 143 had CRC, 126 high-risk adenomas (HRA). ColonFlag would have missed 27 CRC and 29 HRA. Faecal haemoglobin (f-Hb) at a cut-off of 10 µg/g would have missed 10 CRC and 26 HRA; f-Hb in combination with anaemia would have missed 2 CRC and 14 HRA. Using f-Hb in combination with ColonFlag would have missed only 1 CRC and 5 HRA and would have reduced the need for urgent referral by over 400 patients.ConclusionColonFlag has potential to assist detection of CRC and HRA, alone where no faecal sample is present and in combination with FIT and to reduce the need for urgent referral.
Investigating the efficacy of acupuncture in treating patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial
Authors: Fu Lihong , Huang Lingying , Gao Yueqiu , Zhu Wanchun , Cui Yu , Wang Shihao , Yan Meihua , Li Jing , Duan Junyi , Pan Jielu , Li Man 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionAcupuncture is widely used for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) treatment; however, the clinical efficacy has not been confirmed due to the lack of high-level evidence-based clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to design a research protocol that will be used to determine the efficacy of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture (SHA) for MAFLD treatment.Methods and analysisThis will be a multicentre, randomised and sham-controlled trial. Ninety-eight participants with MAFLD will be enrolled in this trial. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive acupuncture or SHA for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is the rate of patients with a 30% relative decline in liver fat after 12 weeks of treatment in MRI-proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), which will be obtained by quantitative chemical shift imaging such as the multipoint Dixon method at 0, 12 and 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes include the changes in the relative liver fat content measured by MRI-PDFF, magnetic resonance elastography, liver function, lipid metabolism, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and serum high sensitivity C reactive protein, which will be obtained at 0, 6, 12 and 24 weeks. Body measurement indicators (body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist-to-hip ratio) will be obtained at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 weeks. The alteration in the gut microbiota composition and its metabolism will be assessed by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry at 0 and 12 weeks.Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol has been approved by the ethics committee of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2023-1347-114-01). The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at academic conferences.Trial registration numberChiCTR2300075701.
Occurrence of metabolic syndrome in midlife in relation to cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality—lessons from a population-based matched cohort study with 27 years follow-up
Authors: Lönnberg Lena , Leppert Jerzy , Ohrvik John , Rehn Mattias , Chabok Abbas , Damberg Mattias 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesWe examined how asymptomatic metabolic syndrome (MetS) in midlife affects cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and all-cause mortality later in life and studied difference in time to event and from the individual components related to MetS.DesignPopulation-based matched cohort study including data from a screening programme for identification of CV risk factors.SettingPrimary care, County of Västmanland, Sweden.ParticipantsAll inhabitants turning 40 or 50 years between 1990 and 1999 were invited to a health screening. Total 34 269 (60.1%) individuals completed the health examination. Participants that met a modified definition of MetS were individually matched to two controls without MetS with regard to age, sex and date of health examination.InterventionsNone.Main outcome measuresCV events and all-cause mortality from the index examination to June 2022.ResultsAll 5084 participants with MetS were matched to two controls. There were 1645 (32.4%) CV events in the MetS group and 2321 (22.8%) CV events for controls. 1317 (25.9%) MetS and 1904 (18.7%) control subjects died. The adjusted HRs (aHR) for CV event and death were significantly higher when MetS was present (aHR) 1.39*** (95% CI 1.28 to 1.50) and 1.27*** (95% CI 1.16 to 1.40) respectively. The factor analysis identified three dominating factors: blood pressure, cholesterol and blood glucose. Mean time for first CV event and death was 2.6 years and 1.5 years shorter respectively for participants within the highest quartile compared with participants with lower mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). The aHR for each 10 mm Hg increased MAP were 1.19*** (95% CI 1.15 to 1.23) for CV event and 1.16*** (95% CI 1.11 to 1.21) for death.ConclusionThe risk of a CV event and premature death is significantly increased when MetS is present. Early detection of metabolic risk factors, especially, high blood pressure, opens a window of opportunity to introduce preventive treatment to reduce CV morbidity and all-cause mortality.
Voluntary sector specialist service provision and commissioning for victim-survivors of sexual violence: results from two national surveys in England
Authors: Damery Sarah , Gunby Clare , Hebberts Lucy , Patterson Laura , Smailes Harriet , Harlock Jenny , Isham Louise , Maxted Fay , Schaub Jason , Smith Deb , Taylor Julie , Bradbury-Jones Caroline 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn England, voluntary sector specialist (VSS) services are central to supporting victim-survivors of sexual violence (SV). However, empirical evidence is lacking about the scope, range and effectiveness of VSS provision for SV in England.ObjectivesTo undertake national surveys to map SV VSS service provision and describe arrangements for funding and commissioning.DesignCross-sectional surveys.SettingVSS services for SV and commissioners from multiple organisations across England (January–June 2021).MethodsSenior staff working in VSS services and commissioners from multiple organisations were surveyed electronically. Surveys explored SV service commissioning, funding and delivery, partnerships between organisations, perceived unmet need for services, and views about facilitators and challenges. Data were analysed descriptively to characterise VSS service provision for SV and commissioning across England.Results54 responses were received from VSS providers and 34 from commissioners. Data demonstrated a complex and evolving funding and commissioning landscape in which providers typically secured funding from multiple sources, impacting consistency and scope of service provision. It was common for multiple organisations to co-commission services, demonstrating trends towards larger contracts that may disadvantage smaller specialist providers. Numerous examples of partnership working between organisations were identified, although developing partnerships was noted as challenging, particularly between VSS organisations. There was clear evidence of unmet need for services, with some groups of victim-survivors such as those from black and minority ethnic groups, often underserved by specialist services. However, there was also evidence of innovative service development and commissioning approaches to meet the needs of victim-survivors who face challenges accessing services.ConclusionsThis study provides novel insights into SV service provision and commissioning in England, including unmet needs among victim-survivors.
Microsporidial stromal keratitis: treatment outcomes, clinical manifestations, confocal microscopy and histopathology findings: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Saksurakan Thurdkiat , Puangsricharern Vilavun , Assavapongpaiboon Buravej , Kittipibul Thanachaporn , Pattanawong Urassaya , Satitpitakul Vannarut , Reinprayoon Usanee , Kasetsuwan Ngamjit , Jongwutiwes Somchai , Tulvatana Wasee 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveMicrosporidial stromal keratitis (MSK) is an uncommon disease. Only several case series have been reported. We aimed to describe the clinical manifestations, histopathology and treatment outcomes of MSK.Methods and analysisRetrospective data of MSK diagnosed between January 2009 and December 2020 at the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand were retrieved. The diagnosis was made based on corneal scraping, corneal biopsy and corneal button histopathology findings. Detailed clinical characteristics, histopathological findings and treatment outcomes were reviewed and analysed.Results21 patients with MSK with a mean age of 63.8 years (SD 12.2) had an indolent disease onset with a median of 9 months (IQR 2.2–12.0). Five patients (23.8%) experienced ocular traumas. Herpes stromal keratitis was the most common preliminary diagnosis (33.3%), followed by non-specific ulcers and fungal keratitis. The most common corneal finding was multifocal grey-white lesions with anterior to mid-stromal infiltration and fluffy borders (66.7%). Pathogens were identified by modified trichrome staining of corneal scrapings in 11 of 14 cases (78.6%). Histopathological examination showed positive Ziehl-Neelsen staining in 17 of 19 cases (89.5%). All patients received surgical treatment, with 18 receiving therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (TPK), 2 undergoing deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and 1 undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted anterior lamellar keratoplasty. The overall cure rate was 76.2% after the first surgery and 95.2% after the second surgery.ConclusionMSK can be easily underdiagnosed. Clues to diagnosis included a history of chronic refractory stromal infiltration and typical corneal findings of deep stromal infiltration, without epithelial defects. TPK is the preferred treatment for MSK.
Pretransplant cardiac stress testing and transplant wait time in kidney transplantation candidates
Authors: Lee Ming-Sum , Batiste Columbus , Onwuzurike James , Elkoustaf Rachid , Wu Yi-Lin , Chen Wansu , Kahwaji Joseph , Sahota Amandeep , Lee Roland L 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveRoutine screening for cardiovascular disease before kidney transplantation remains controversial. This study aims to compare cardiac testing rates in patients with end-stage renal disease, referred and not referred for transplantation, and assess the impact of testing on transplant wait times.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of 22 687 end-stage renal disease patients from 2011 to 2022, within an integrated health system. Cardiac testing patterns, and the association between cardiac testing and transplant wait times and post-transplant mortality were evaluated.ResultsOf 22 687 patients (median age 66 years, 41.1% female), 6.9% received kidney transplants, and 21.0% underwent evaluation. Compared with dialysis patients, transplant patients had a 5.6 times higher rate of stress nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging with single-photon emission (rate ratio (RR) 5.64, 95% CI 5.37 to 5.92), a 6.5 times higher rate of stress echocardiogram (RR 6.51, 95% CI 5.65 to 7.51) and 16% higher cardiac catheterisation (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.27). In contrast, revascularisation rates were significantly lower in transplant patients (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.58). Transplant wait times were longer for patients who underwent stress testing (median 474 days with no testing vs 1053 days with testing) and revascularisation (1796 days for percutaneous intervention and 2164 days for coronary artery bypass surgery). No significant association was observed with 1-year post-transplant mortality (adjusted OR 1.99, 95% CI 0.46 to 8.56).ConclusionsThis study found a higher rate of cardiac testing in dialysis patients evaluated for kidney transplants. Cardiac testing was associated with longer transplant wait time, but no association was observed between testing and post-transplant mortality.
Pregnancy complications and long-term risk of cardiovascular events in women with structural heart disease
Authors: Cederlöf Elin Täufer , Lindhagen Lars , Lundgren Maria , Lindahl Bertil , Christersson Christina 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundTo determine the frequency of pregnancy complications and their association with the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in women with structural heart disease (SHD).MethodsThis nationwide registry-based cohort study included women in Sweden with SHD (pulmonary arterial hypertension, congenital heart disease or acquired valvular heart disease) with singleton births registered in the national Medical Birth Register (MBR) between 1973 and 2014. Exposures were pregnancy complications; pre-eclampsia/gestational hypertension (PE/gHT), preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) collected from MBR. The outcomes were cardiovascular mortality and hospitalisations defined from the Cause of Death Register and the National Patient Register. Cox regression models were performed with time-dependent covariates, to determine the possible association of pregnancy complications for cardiovascular outcomes.ResultsAmong the total of 2 134 239 women included in the MBR, 2554 women with 5568 singleton births were affected by SHD. Women without SHD (N=2 131 685) were used as a reference group. PE/gHT affected 5.8% of pregnancies, preterm birth 9.7% and SGA 2.8%. Preterm birth (adjusted HR, aHR 1.91 (95% CI 1.38 to 2.64)) was associated with an increased risk of maternal all-cause mortality. PE/gHT (aHR 1.64 (95% CI 1.18 to 2.29)) and preterm birth (aHR 1.56 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.04)) were associated with an increased risk of hospitalisations for atherosclerotic CVD.ConclusionsPregnancy complications were frequent in women with SHD. With a median follow-up time of 22 years, preterm birth was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality, and PE/gHT and preterm birth were associated with cardiovascular morbidity. In women with SHD, pregnancy complications may provide additional information for the risk assessment of future cardiovascular outcomes.
Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for minor stroke within 72 hours of symptom onset: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Tingting , Wang Yongle , Zhang Kaili , Fan Haimei , Li Yanan , Ren Jing , Li Juan , Li Yali , Li Xinyi , Xuemei Wu , Wang Junhui , Xue Lixi , Gao Xiaolei , Yan Yuping , Li Gaimei , Liu Qingping , Niu Wenhua , Du Wenxian , Liu Yuting , Niu Xiaoyuan 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesDespite the potential spillover effect, the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for minor stroke within 72 hours of symptom onset is still uncertain.MethodsSafety and Efficacy of Aspirin-Clopidogrel in Acute Noncardiogenic Minor Ischemic Stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score≤5) is a prospective cohort study involving patients with minor ischaemic stroke within 72 hours of symptom onset. The DAPT group was further categorised into three subgroups: shorter duration (<10 days), short duration (10–21 days) and long duration (>21 days). The primary efficacy and safety outcomes were composite vascular event and severe bleeding during 90 days.ResultsAmong 3061 eligible patients (age was 61.7±12.0 years, 73.3% were men, median (IQR) NIHSS score, 2 (1–3)), 2977 (97.4%) completed the follow-up. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) were administered in 61.0% and 39.0% of patients. Among them, 305 patients (16.8%) received a shorter duration of DAPT, 937 patients (51.7%) received a short duration and 572 patients (31.5%) received a long duration. In the propensity-weighted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, the use of DAPT in the short-duration group was associated with a lower risk of the primary vascular event outcome (HR (HR)=0.66, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.94, p=0.02) compared with SAPT group. The incidence of severe bleeding events at 90 days was similar. Similar findings were obtained from the propensity score-matching analysis.ConclusionShort duration of DAPT (10–21 days) is superior to SAPT in minor stroke within 72 hours, reducing 90-day composite vascular events without increasing bleeding risk.
Effects of cow feed efficiency, longevity, heterosis, and lifetime productivity on profitability of heifer selection and cow–calf operations
Authors: Khakbazan Mohammad , Olson Cameron A. , Block Hushton C. , Li Changxi , Basarab John A. 
Published: September 2024

This study investigated factors influencing heifer replacement and cow–calf profitability using 361 cows (born 2011–2018) at the Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Alberta, Canada. Profitability was measured by marginal returns (MR) incorporating feed costs, heifer opportunity cost, calf and cull revenues, and a premium for cows retained in the herd. The study evaluated the linear effects of lifetime productivity, feed efficiency (residual feed intake adjusted for off-test backfat thickness; RFIfat), and genomic retained heterozygosity, an indicator of heterosis, on MR, feed costs, total costs, and net revenue (NR). Lifetime productivity, defined by the cumulative weight of calves weaned, was positively associated with MR and NR ( P < 0.01). RFIfat influenced total cost, MR, and NR ( P < 0.05), with MR improved by $168.50 cow−1 year−1 for each unit decrease in RFIfat, although regression and group mean comparisons were not fully consistent. Genomic retained heterozygosity positively impacted MR and NR, with a 10% increase enhanced MR and NR by $21.80 and $20.50 cow−1 year−1, respectively. Cow breed type did not affect longevity, MR, or NR. In conclusion, RFIfat and genomic diversity were important factors to consider in heifer replacement decisions when lifetime DMI was estimated as described in the present study.
The nuclear many-body problem
Authors: Blaschke David , Horiuchi Hisashi , Ring Peter , Röpke Gerd 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis Topical Collection of the European Physics Journal A is devoted to recent progress in the nuclear many-body problem. In particular, it aims at a comprehensive compilation of developments related to the work of a pioneer in that field, Peter Schuck, who passed away in 2022. Together with Peter Ring, he co-authored the book on “The Nuclear Many-Body Problem”. Different concepts presented in this seminal book have been elaborated further within a broad international collaboration. For instance, the quasi-particle approaches in connection with nuclear superfluidity and cluster formation in nuclear systems, in particular alpha-particle condensation and quartetting at subsaturation densities, have been put forward inspired by Peter Schuck. These advances obtained in the nuclear many-body problem can also be applied to other systems, for instance solid state physics. This Topical Collection is considered as addendum and continuation of the textbook of P. Ring and P. Schuck.