bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of three methods for measuring height in rehabilitation inpatients and the impact on body mass index classification: An open prospective study
Authors: McDougall Karen E. , Stewart Alison J. , Argiriou Alison M. , Huggins Catherine E. , New Peter W. 
Published: June 2017

AimTo compare standing height, estimated current height and demi‐span estimated height and examine their impact on body mass index (BMI) classification.MethodsCross‐sectional data was collected on 104 patients admitted to an adult rehabilitation ward and seen by the dietitian. Patient's standing, estimated current height and demi‐span estimated height were collected and grouped by age: 19–64 and ≥65 years.ResultsThe limits of agreement (95% confidence interval) for estimated current height compared with standing height were +9.9 cm and −7.9 cm, in contrast to +8.7 cm and −14.3 cm for demi‐span estimated height. Demi‐span underestimated height when compared with standing height in both age groups, 19–64 years: (mean ± SD) 3.0 ± 6.5 cm (P = 0.001, n = 68) and ≥ 65 year age group 4.0 ± 6.0 cm (P < 0.001, n = 36), resulting in a significantly greater mean BMI (analysis of variance P < 0.001, P = 0.02). In the 19‐64 and ≥65 year age groups, 3% (2/68) and 10% (4/36) of patients, respectively, had a different BMI classification using demi‐span estimated height compared with standing height.ConclusionsEstimated current height is a simple and practical alternative if standing height is unable to be obtained when performing a nutrition assessment. Demi‐span estimated height should be used with caution when calculating BMI to assess nutritional status, particularly in the elderly.
Comparing polyarteritis nodosa in children and adults: a single center study
Authors: Erden Abdulsamet , Batu Ezgi D. , Sönmez Hafize E. , Sarı Alper , Armagan Berkan , Arıcı Zehra S. , Bilgin Emre , Kalyoncu Umut , Karadağ Ömer , Bilginer Yelda , Ertenli Ali Ihsan , Özen Seza 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivePolyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a necrotizing vasculitis of medium/small arteries. We aimed to examine the characteristics of adult‐ and childhood‐onset PAN.MethodsFifteen pediatric (˂ 18 years) and 22 adult PAN patients who fulfilled the Ankara 2008 and American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria, respectively, were included in the study.ResultsFive children had cutaneous and all the rest of the patients had systemic PAN. Weight loss was more common (59.1% vs. 20%, P = 0.041) and presence of an angiography at diagnosis was more frequent (81.8% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.003) in adults than children. Arthralgia/arthritis and skin involvement were more common in children (86.7% vs. 59.1%; 93.3% vs. 72.7%, respectively) while renal and neurologic involvement were more frequently observed in adult patients (50% vs. 20%; 59.1% vs. 40%, respectively) (P > 0.05 for all). Cutaneous PAN patients were treated with corticosteroids only. All but one adult patient received cyclophosphamide while mycophenolate mofetil was used in five and cyclophosphamide was used in four children as induction treatment. The median duration of induction treatment was longer in adults than children (12 vs. 3 months, respectively; P = 0.004). The most common maintenance drug was mycophenolate mofetil in children and azathioprine in adults. The mortality rate was 13.6% (n = 3) and 0% in adults and children, respectively.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study comparing characteristics of adult and childhood onset PAN. Our results have suggested that juvenile PAN had a more benign course (with less renal and neurologic involvement, shorter duration of induction treatment) than adult onset PAN.
Serum Interleukin‐37: a new player in Lupus Nephritis?
Authors: Tawfik Marwa G. , Nasef Samah I. , Omar Hanan H. , Ghaly Mona S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionInterleukin‐37 (IL‐37) has been proved to be a fundamental natural suppressor of innate immunity and inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). The purpose of this study was to assess serum IL‐37 level in SLE patients and its correlation with disease activity and clinical and laboratory manifestations of SLE patients.Patients/methodsThe serum level of IL‐37 was assessed and analyzed in 100 SLE patients and 50 healthy controls by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical and laboratory manifestations and disease activity using SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) were also assessed.ResultsIL‐37 serum level was significantly higher among SLE patients than controls. It has statistically significant correlation with disease activity, renal and mucocutaneous involvement in SLE patients.ConclusionIL‐37 level is elevated in SLE patients in comparison to healthy controls and is correlated to high disease activity, mucocutaneous and renal involvement.
Post‐discharge nausea and vomiting after total intravenous anaesthesia and standardised PONV prophylaxis for ambulatory surgery
Authors: Bruderer U. , Fisler A. , Steurer M. P. , Steurer M. , Dullenkopf A. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe incidence of post‐discharge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) after ambulatory anaesthesia using total intravenous anaesthesia with a risk‐stratified anti‐emetic approach is not well documented in the literature. In this study, we outline such an approach. The goal was to achieve an acceptably low rate of PDNV both immediately and the day after surgery.MethodsWith ethics committee approval, adult patients undergoing outpatient surgery received a Propofol‐based general anaesthetic plus standardised PONV‐prophylaxis corresponding to their Apfel risk‐score (0–4); ondansetron (risk‐score 2), additional dexamethasone (risk‐score 3), and additional droperidol (risk‐score 4).On post‐operative days one and two, patients scored PDNV and pain (numeric rating scale (NRS); 0 = none at all; 10 = worst imaginable). On post‐operative day two, patients indicated the level of interference of PDNV and/or pain with their quality of life. Data are descriptive (%) or mean.ResultsThere were 222 patients included (age 43 years, 44% female, anaesthesia time 95 min). On the day of surgery, 69.4% of patients did not experience any nausea, 10.4% complained about severe (NRS > 6) nausea, 6.3% experienced vomiting or retching. On the first and second postoperative day, nausea was absent in 88.7% of patients and 97.3%, respectively. Quality of life was impacted (NRS ≥ 4) more by pain (32.8% of cases), than by PDNV (13.6%).ConclusionAcceptably low rates of PDNV were achieved with the proposed standardised approach to PDNV prophylaxis. For almost 90% of patients, PDNV was not an issue the first day after surgery. Pain after discharge was a more common problem.
Hysterectomy trends in Australia, 2000–2001 to 2013–2014: joinpoint regression analysis
Authors: Wilson Louise F. , Pandeya Nirmala , Mishra Gita D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionHysterectomy is a common gynecological procedure, particularly in middle and high income countries. The aim of this paper was to describe and examine hysterectomy trends in Australia from 2000–2001 to 2013–2014.Material and methodsFor women aged 25 years and over, data on the number of hysterectomies performed in Australia annually were sourced from the National Hospital and Morbidity Database. Age‐specific and age‐standardized hysterectomy rates per 10 000 women were estimated with adjustment for hysterectomy prevalence in the population. Using joinpoint regression analysis, we estimated the average annual percentage change over the whole study period (2000–2014) and the annual percentage change for each identified trend line segment.ResultsA total of 431 162 hysterectomy procedures were performed between 2000–2001 and 2013–2014; an annual average of 30 797 procedures (for women aged 25+ years). The age‐standardized hysterectomy rate, adjusted for underlying hysterectomy prevalence, decreased significantly over the whole study period [average annual percentage change −2.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI) −3.5%, −2.2%]. The trend was not linear with one joinpoint detected in 2008–2009. Between 2000–2001 and 2008–2009 there was a significant decrease in incidence (annual percentage change −4.4%; 95% CI −5.2%, −3.7%); from 2008–2009 to 2013–2014 the decrease was minimal and not significantly different from zero (annual percentage change −0.1%; 95% CI −1.7%, 1.5%). A similar change in trend was seen in all age groups.ConclusionsHysterectomy rates in Australian women aged 25 years and over have declined in the first decade of the 21st century. However, in the last 5 years, rates appear to have stabilized.
Lack of immunogenicity of hydrolysed wheat flour in patients with coeliac disease after a short‐term oral challenge
Authors: Mandile R. , Picascia S. , Parrella C. , Camarca A. , Gobbetti M. , Greco L. , Troncone R. , Gianfrani C. , Auricchio R. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBackgroundA gluten‐free diet is currently the only reliable therapeutic strategy that is approved for coeliac disease (CD). For many patients, however, compliance remains inadequate.AimTo investigate the immunogenicity of wheat flour that was pre‐treated with selected lactobacilli and fungal proteases (hydrolysed wheat gluten) in coeliac patients.MethodsThe immunogenicity of hydrolysed wheat gluten was evaluated both in vitro in intestinal T cell lines (TCLs) and in vivo in treated CD patients after a short‐term gluten challenge. Twenty treated CD patients were enrolled and equally randomised into two groups. The patients ate bread that was prepared with hydrolysed wheat flour or natural wheat flour (10 g of gluten/d for 3 days). The interferon (INF)‐γ responses to natural gliadin and a 33‐mer peptide were assessed by the enzyme‐linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) both before and 6 days after the start of the challenge.ResultsHydrolysed wheat was not able to activate the TCLs from the coeliac intestinal mucosa. Consistent with the in vitro results, no significant increase in INF‐γ secretion was observed in patients who consumed hydrolysed wheat flour. Conversely, the consumption of natural wheat gluten mobilised INF‐γ secreting cells in the blood (P<.05).ConclusionsWe confirm that fermentation of wheat flour with sourdough lactobacilli and fungal proteases is capable of abolishing the T cell immunogenicity of gluten in coeliac patients. Our data also validate the short‐term oral challenge as a useful tool for testing the efficacy of novel therapeutic approaches.
Clinical Experience with the Integrase Inhibitors Dolutegravir and Elvitegravir in HIV‐infected Patients: Efficacy, Safety and Tolerance
Authors: Cid‐Silva Purificación , Llibre Josep M. , Fernández‐Bargiela Noelia , Margusino‐Framiñán Luis , Balboa‐Barreiro Vanesa , Pernas‐Souto Berta , Martín‐Herranz Isabel , Castro‐Iglesias Ángeles , Poveda Eva 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTwo integrase inhibitors (INSTIs), dolutegravir (DTG) and elvitegravir/cobicistat (EVG/COBI), have joined recently the pharmacotherapy arsenal against HIV. This study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of these INSTIs in the last two years. A retrospective observational study in patients who started DTG or EVG/COBI from January 2015 to January 2017 at a reference hospital in north‐western Spain was done. Epidemiological, clinical and immunovirological data were recorded. A statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software. A total of 542 DTG (n = 275)‐ or EVG/COBI (n = 267)‐based therapies were initiated during the study period. Overall, more than 90% of naïve and pre‐treated patients had virological suppression in both groups after 48 weeks of initiation of treatment per‐protocol snapshot analysis. During follow‐up, 10.2% of patients were treated with DTG and 4.5% of those treated with EVG discontinued due to adverse events (AE). In the case of DTG mainly related to neuropsychiatric disturbances (70.4%) and for EVG/COBI with gastrointestinal discomfort (50%). Female sex [HR 2.255 (95%CI 1.121–4.535), p = 0.023] and DTG treatment [HR 2.453 (95%CI 1.221–4.931), p = 0.012] were associated with AE discontinuations. Specifically for neuropsychiatric events, DTG treatment [HR 5.906 (95%CI 1.954–17.846), p = 0.002] and receiving abacavir/lamivudine/DTG [HR 4.380 (95%CI 1.348–14.233), p = 0.014] were identified as predictive risk factors for treatment discontinuations in two different multivariate analyses. A high percentage of AE discontinuations not previously described in clinical trials has been observed, especially with DTG. Female gender and DTG treatment were identified as risk factors for AE discontinuation. DTG‐based therapies, especially in combination with abacavir/lamivudine, were associated with an increased risk of treatment discontinuation due to neuropsychiatric AE.
The Acute Effect of Loperamide on Ileostomy Output: A Randomized, Double‐Blinded, Placebo‐Controlled, Crossover Study
Authors: Kristensen Katrine , Qvist Niels 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHigh stoma output is a common problem in patients with ileostomy and can lead to dehydration and electrolyte disturbances. The first drug of choice to reduce stoma output is often loperamide. The aim was to assess the acute effect of loperamide on (a) ileostomy output in g/day, (b) gastrointestinal transit time and (c) patient‐reported effects. A total of 12 patients completed this double‐blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled, crossover study, consisting of a 3‐day treatment period with loperamide 12 mg/day or placebo followed by the reverse after a washout period of 5–7 days. Patients collected stoma output and noted food and fluid intake over 48 hr and swallowed a capsule with radiopaque markers for the determination of gastrointestinal transit time over 24 hr. At the end of the study, patients were asked to report their treatment sequence. Ileostomy output was significantly reduced during loperamide treatment (p < 0.02) with a median of 16.5% (range −5% to 46%). Transit time was reduced significantly for the passage of 10% of the markers (p = 0.02), but not for 50% and 100% of the markers. Fifty‐eight per cent (N = 7) of the patients reported the correct treatment sequence (p = 0.41). Loperamide 12 mg/day reduced ileostomy output statistically significantly, but with varying effects among patients and without reaching the clinical significance of 20% set‐up by this study. Dose–response studies should be performed, and standard treatment doses of loperamide should be reassessed. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov – NCT02266849.
“…their opinions mean something”: Care staff's attitudes to health research involving people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Hall Natalie , Durand Marie‐Anne , Mengoni Silvana E. 
Published: June 2017

Accessible summary

It is important for people with intellectual disabilities to be involved in research about their health care.

Eight people working in the care sector were interviewed about their views about supporting people with intellectual disabilities to take part in research.

Care staff were positive about research but talked about things that may make it difficult for people with intellectual disabilities to take part in research.

We suggest some ideas that could help care staff and researchers to support people with intellectual disabilities to take part in research.

AbstractBackgroundDespite experiencing health inequalities, people with intellectual disabilities are under‐represented in health research. Previous research has identified barriers but has typically focused on under‐recruitment to specific studies. This study aimed to explore care staff's attitudes to health research involving people with intellectual disabilities, identify barriers to conducting such research and consider solutions to those barriers.Materials and MethodsEight members of care sector staff took part in a focus group or telephone interview, to explore their views on health research involving people with intellectual disabilities. The transcriptions were analysed using thematic analysis; 50% were double‐coded, and the emerging themes were agreed by three researchers.ResultsThree themes were identified: perceptions of research; barriers to conducting research; solutions to maximise recruitment and project success. Benefits to research were identified, but there were concerns that the time and effort required may outweigh these benefits. Barriers were identified including organisational policy and following the Mental Capacity Act 2005. There was some indication that such barriers may differ according to the severity of intellectual disabilities and the type of care setting. Solutions were proposed that involved greater collaboration between researchers and the care sector, and a more flexible approach to research.ConclusionsCare staff are largely supportive of research that is appropriate and relevant to their service users. However, there is a need for clear communication from researchers and flexible recruitment and data collection strategies. This is likely to be facilitated by closer collaboration between researchers and the social care sector.
Exhaled breath profiles in the monitoring of loss of control and clinical recovery in asthma
Authors: Brinkman P. , van de Pol M. A. , Gerritsen M. G. , Bos L. D. , Dekker T. , Smids B. S. , Sinha A. , Majoor C. J. , Sneeboer M. M. , Knobel H. H. , Vink T. J. , de Jongh F. H. , Lutter R. , Sterk P. J. , Fens N. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBackgroundAsthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease, associated with episodes of exacerbations. Therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) targets airway inflammation, which aims to maintain and restore asthma control. Clinical features are only modestly associated with airways inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that exhaled volatile metabolites identify longitudinal changes between clinically stable episodes and loss of asthma control.ObjectivesTo determine whether exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as measured by gas‐chromatography/mass‐spectrometry (GC/MS) and electronic nose (eNose) technology discriminate between clinically stable and unstable episodes of asthma.MethodsTwenty‐three patients with (partly) controlled mild to moderate persistent asthma usingICSwere included in this prospective steroid withdrawal study. Exhaled metabolites were measured at baseline, during loss of control and after recovery. Standardized sampling of exhaled air was performed, after which samples were analysed byGC/MSandeNose. Univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), followed by multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce data dimensionality. Next pairedttests were utilized to analyse within‐subject breath profile differences at the different time‐points. Finally, associations between exhaled metabolites and sputum inflammation markers were examined.ResultsBreath profiles byeNose showed 95% (21/22) correct classification for baseline vs loss of control and 86% (19/22) for loss of control vs recovery. Breath profiles usingGC/MSshowed accuracies of 68% (14/22) and 77% (17/22) for baseline vs loss of control and loss of control vs recovery, respectively. Significant associations between exhaled metabolites captured byGC/MSand sputum eosinophils were found (Pearsonr≥.46,P<.01).Conclusions & Clinical RelevanceLoss of asthma control can be discriminated from clinically stable episodes by longitudinal monitoring of exhaled metabolites measured byGC/MSand particularlyeNose. Part of the uncovered biomarkers was associated with sputum eosinophils. These findings provide proof of principle for monitoring and identification of loss of asthma control by breathomics.
Surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis intrabony lesions by means of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen: 7‐year‐results
Authors: Roccuzzo Mario , Pittoni Dario , Roccuzzo Andrea , Charrier Lorena , Dalmasso Paola 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the long‐term results of the surgical treatment of single peri‐implantitis intrabony defects, by means of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBMC).Material and MethodsThe original population consisted of 26 patients with one crater‐like defect, around either sandblasted and acid‐etched (SLA) or titanium plasma‐sprayed (TPS) dental implants, with a probing depth (PD) ≥6 mm and no implant mobility (Roccuzzo et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2011; 38: 738). Implants were mechanically debrided and treated using EDTA gel and chlorhexidine gel. The bone defects were filled with DBBMC, and the flap was sutured around the non‐submerged implant. Patients were placed on an individually tailored supportive periodontal therapy (SPT).ResultsTwo patients were lost to follow‐up. During SPT, additional antibiotic and/or surgical therapy was necessary in eight implants, and four of these were removed for biologic complications. At 7‐year, the survival rate was 83.3% for SLA implants and 71.4% for TPS. PD was significantly reduced from 6.6 ± 1.3 to 3.2 ± 0.7 mm in SLA and 7.2 ± 1.5 to 3.4 ± 0.6 mm in TPS. Bleeding on probing decreased from 75.0 ± 31.2% to 7.5 ± 12.1% (SLA) and from 90.0 ± 12.9% to 30.0 ± 19.7% (TPS). When successful therapy was defined as PD ≤5 mm, absence of bleeding/suppuration on probing, and no further bone loss, treatment success was obtained in 2 of 14 (14.3%) of the TPS and in 7 of 12 (58.3%) of the SLA implants.ConclusionsSeven years after surgical treatment with DBBMC, patients, in an adequate SPT, maintained sufficient peri‐implant conditions in many cases, particularly around SLA implants. Nevertheless, some patients required further treatment and some lost implants. The clinical decision on whether implants should be treated or removed should be based on several factors, including implant surface characteristics.
Donor‐specific antibodies are associated with micro‐ and macrovascular coronary disease, restrictive myocardial damage, and poor outcome in heart‐transplanted patients
Authors: Clemmensen Tor Skibsted , Koefoed‐Nielsen Pernille , Jensen Lis‐Ann , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt , Holm Niels Ramsing , Løgstrup Brian Bridal , Christiansen Evald Høj , Dijkstra Jouke , Valen Kamilla Pernille Bjerre , Eiskjær Hans 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimsWe examined the relationship between donor‐specific HLA antibody (DSA) presence and graft function, hemodynamics, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in stable long‐term heart‐transplanted (HTx) patients.MethodsSera from 79 patients (median 7.5 years after HTx) were analyzed for DSA presence. Graft function was evaluated by echocardiography and right heart catheterization. CAV burden was determined by coronary angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR). Patients were prospectively followed after DSA assessment. MACE included significant CAV progression, heart failure, treated rejection, and cardiovascular death.ResultsSixty patients had no DSA, and 19 patients were sensitized. The vasculopathy burden by angiography, OCT, and CFVR was more pronounced in DSA‐positive patients than in DSA‐negative patients. DSA‐positive patients had higher pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (16 [8; 21] vs 9 mm Hg [7; 11], P<.05) and right atrial pressure (8 [6; 9] vs 4 mm Hg [2; 6], P<.01) and lower global longitudinal strain (−13% [−10; −15] vs −16% [−14; −17], P<.01) than DSA‐negative patients.DSA presence was a strong MACE predictor (HR 4.7 (95% CI 2.0‐11.4), P<.001).ConclusionsDSA‐positive patients had higher vasculopathy burden, higher filling pressures, and lower longitudinal myocardial deformation than DSA‐negative patients. The DSA presence was a strong MACE predictor.