bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid‐phase synthesis of silicalite‐1 molecular sieve based on fly ash and its CO2 adsorption performance
Authors: Wu Xianglian , Nulahong Aisha , Miao Conghui , Liu Qinghua , Li Jiangyuan , Tuo Changmin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this work, an alkali melting‐pickling assisted solid phase synthesis method of S‐1 zeolite molecular sieve with excellent adsorption properties for CO2 was successfully developed by using solid waste fly ash. SiO2 with a purity of up to 97.84% was successfully extracted by using alkaline fusion activation, high temperature calcination and pickling. The CO2 adsorption capacity of the prepared SiO2 was 0.51 mmol/g at 298 K and 1 bar. Silicalite‐1 molecular sieve was prepared by solid phase synthesis method using SiO2 extracted from fly ash as silicon source. The results showed that the prepared Silicalite‐1 had good morphology and relatively high crystallinity. The specific surface area is 623.30 m2/g, and the total pore volume is 0.31 cm3/g. In addition, the adsorption capacity of CO2 was 2.05 mmol/g at 298 K and 1 bar. Compared with the prepared SiO2, the adsorption capacity of CO2 by Silicalite‐1 molecular sieve increased by four times. Moreover, under the test condition of 298 K, it has a high selectivity coefficient for CO2/N2 mixed gas, and after 10 times of adsorption‐desorption cycle tests, the adsorption capacity of Silicalite‐1 molecular sieve for CO2 does not change significantly, and its adsorption rate can still be as high as 89.31%. The results indicate that Silicalite‐1 molecular sieve prepared by solid phase synthesis method has good adsorption selectivity and adsorption–desorption cycle regeneration stability, and can be used in the field of CO2 adsorption, separation and purification. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perturbations in the blood metabolome up to a decade before prostate cancer diagnosis in 4387 matched case–control sets from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Authors: Grenville Zoe S. , Noor Urwah , Rinaldi Sabina , Gunter Marc J. , Ferrari Pietro , Agnoli Claudia , Amiano Pilar , Catalano Alberto , Chirlaque María Dolores , Christakoudi Sofia , Guevara Marcela , Johansson Matthias , Kaaks Rudolf , Katzke Verena , Masala Giovanna , Olsen Anja , Papier Keren , Sánchez Maria‐Jose , Schulze Matthias B. , Tjønneland Anne , Tong Tammy Y. N. , Tumino Rosario , Weiderpass Elisabete , Zamora‐Ros Raul , Key Timothy J. , Smith‐Byrne Karl , Schmidt Julie A. , Travis Ruth C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMeasuring pre‐diagnostic blood metabolites may help identify novel risk factors for prostate cancer. Using data from 4387 matched case–control pairs from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, we investigated the associations of 148 individual metabolites and three previously defined metabolite patterns with prostate cancer risk. Metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Multivariable‐adjusted conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio per standard deviation increase in log metabolite concentration and metabolite patterns (OR1SD) for prostate cancer overall, and for advanced, high‐grade, aggressive. We corrected for multiple testing using the Benjamini–Hochberg method. Overall, there were no associations between specific metabolites or metabolite patterns and overall, aggressive, or high‐grade prostate cancer that passed the multiple testing threshold (padj <0.05). Six phosphatidylcholines (PCs) were inversely associated with advanced prostate cancer diagnosed at or within 10 years of blood collection. metabolite patterns 1 (64 PCs and three hydroxysphingomyelins) and 2 (two acylcarnitines, glutamate, ornithine, and taurine) were also inversely associated with advanced prostate cancer; when stratified by follow‐up time, these associations were observed for diagnoses at or within 10 years of recruitment (OR1SD 0.80, 95% CI 0.66–0.96 and 0.76, 0.59–0.97, respectively) but were weaker after longer follow‐up (0.95, 0.82–1.10 and 0.85, 0.67–1.06). Pattern 3 (8 lyso PCs) was associated with prostate cancer death (0.82, 0.68–0.98). Our results suggest that the plasma metabolite profile changes in response to the presence of prostate cancer up to a decade before detection of advanced‐stage disease.
Detection of anti‐EBV TCR CDR3s associated with better outcomes for EBV‐positive, Ugandan cases of Burkitt lymphoma
Authors: Jain Rahul , Huda Taha I. , Paul Srijit , Chobrutskiy Andrea , Chobrutskiy Boris I. , Baker Madeline C. , Goel Nandini , Blanck George 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBurkitt lymphoma (BL) has a tight association with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), especially in sub‐Saharan Africa. While the relationship between BL and EBV is well documented, the relationship between the anti‐EBV adaptive immune response, particularly in sub‐Saharan African cases, and disease course, has not been substantially investigated. An analysis of T‐cell receptor (TCR) complementarity determining region‐3 (CDR3) sequences, reported here, from EBV‐positive, Ugandan BL tumor samples revealed a correlation between the presence of anti‐EBV CDR3s and improved overall survival probabilities. Furthermore, chemical complementarity assessments demonstrated higher complementarity for TCR CDR3s and EBV epitopes in the cases where there had been a detection of the anti‐EBV CDR3 AA sequence matches in the BL tumor samples. Overall, the results reported here raise the question of whether EBV targeted immunotherapy would lead to better BL outcomes?
Visible Light Mediated CO2 Fixation Reactions to Produce Carbamates and Carbonates: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Goswami Asmita , Verma Monika , Thakur Ajay , Bharti Ruchi , Sharma Renu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCO2 is a significant greenhouse gas, and is considered as a copious renewable carbon reagent. From a synthetic perspective, it can be used as a sustainable and substitute C1 building block because of its nontoxic, nonflammable, and abundant nature. The transformation of a wide range of organic molecules with CO2 into numerous efficient commodities is a defining feature of recent success in this sector. Because of its numerous applications, photocatalysts and visible light‐mediated synthesis of carbamates and cyclic carbonates using CO2 have drawn a lot of interest from researchers. This mini review mainly focusses on the different one‐pot reactions that are proven to be efficacious for chemical fixation of CO2 in producing industry‐based compounds of carbamates and carbonates with the creation of CO, CH, CC, and CN bonds.
A Comparative Study on the Consistency of Ultrasound and X‐Ray in Assessing Risser Sign
Authors: Xue Lina , Jiang Xuehong , Shan Tao , Wang Kai , Zhou Wei , Wang Xujie , Zhu Lili , Yu Bing , Wang Ajun , Dong Fenglin 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a 3‐dimensional spinal deformity involving lateral curvature, sagittal plane imbalance, and vertebral rotation. In China, AIS affects over 3 million individuals, with 300,000 new cases annually. AIS impacts physical and psychological well‐being, necessitating tailored treatment plans based on growth risk factors. This study evaluates the consistency of ultrasound and X‐ray assessments of the Risser sign in AIS patients and explores correlations between iliac crest distance and pelvic rotation degree.MethodsThis prospective study enrolled 80 patients diagnosed with AIS from June to September 2023 at Changzhou Sports Hospital. Eligible participants were aged 10–18 with a Cobb angle >10°. Ultrasonographic examinations were conducted by 3 experienced physicians using the VINNO V10 portable ultrasound system. The primary outcome was the Risser stage determined by X‐ray and ultrasound, with secondary outcomes including thoracic and thoracic‐lumbar segment rotation angles. Statistical analyses included kappa statistics, correlation analyses, and multiple regression.ResultsAmong the 77 valid cases, 154 iliac wings were evaluated, with a high concordance rate of 77% between ultrasound and X‐ray assessments. kappa values for left and right iliac crests were 0.723 and 0.808, respectively. Grouping Risser grades (0–1, 2–3, and 4–5) into 3 categories yielded kappa values of 0.93, 0.96, and 0.93, indicating high consistency. Significant correlations were found between iliac crest distances and rotation angles (left iliac crest distance and left thoracic rotation angle, r = 0.56, P < .001; right iliac crest distance and right thoracic‐lumbar rotation angle, r = 0.69, P < .001; right iliac crest distance and right thoracic rotation angle, r = 0.39, P < .01).ConclusionsUltrasound is a reliable, radiation‐free alternative to X‐ray for assessing the Risser sign in AIS patients. Despite observed inconsistencies in intermediate Risser grades, ultrasound's ability to reduce radiation exposure and provide consistent results makes it a valuable tool in clinical practice. Further research is needed to optimize ultrasound techniques and explore its potential for early detection and intervention in scoliosis management.
Can We Protect China's Northern Coast Wetlands From Tidal Dynamics by Restoring Native Species After Spartina alterniflora Is Eradicated? A Model‐Based Analysis
Authors: Liu Jiakai , Wang Jingwen , Zhao Shiqiang , Engel Bernard A. , Zhang Mingxiang , Zhang Zhenming 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn recent years, the Chinese government has implemented a series of initiatives with the objective of eradicating the invasive Spartina alterniflora along the entire coastline. This has given rise to concerns about the potential for subsequent coastal erosion and salt marsh shrinkage. This study introduces a novel contribution in the form of a model‐based analysis, grounded in fieldwork from the Yellow River Delta, which assesses the potential of native Suaeda salsa as an alternative for coastal protection. Our approach is distinctive in that it not only compares the flow velocity reduction effects of S. alterniflora and S. salsa, but also evaluates the efficacy of three distinct planting patterns in managing tidal dynamics. In this study, we present a significant finding: while both species can mitigate tidal flow velocity, S. alterniflora shows superior performance, which represents a novel point of discussion in the field of coastal wetland management. Furthermore, our research indicates that dense aggregated planting patterns are particularly effective during storm surges, offering a strategic insight for future ecological engineering. However, we recognize the potential limitations of our approach, including the need for continuous management to control the spread of S. alterniflora and the necessity for further research to optimize the restoration potential of S. salsa under varying tidal conditions. Our findings highlight the importance of a balanced approach, suggesting the retention of a portion of S. alterniflora while also emphasizing the strategic planting of S. salsa in high‐density configurations to enhance coastal resilience.
Current approaches to facial nerve schwannoma surgery
Authors: Hernandez‐Montero Elena , Garcia‐Ibañez Luis , Jubes Sara , Salmeron Jorge , Garcia‐Ibañez Emilio , Larrosa Francisco 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundFacial nerve schwannomas (FNSs) are exceedingly rare benign tumors. This study aims to report on a series of excised FNSs, providing clinical information and details on their surgical management, including novel approaches.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent surgical excision of FNSs in a private otology clinic and public tertiary referral center. The main outcome measures were facial nerve function, complete tumor removal, postoperative complications, tumor recurrence, and hearing.ResultsSeventeen patients (10 men and 7 women) with a mean age of 44.23 years (SD, 12.21) underwent surgery during the study period. The most common symptom was facial nerve dysfunction (58.8%). Facial and otoneurologic symptoms (hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo) were observed in 88.8% and 77.7% of patients, respectively. The middle cranial fossa (MCF) was the most common approach (six patients, 35.2%), followed by translabyrinthine (TL), transmastoid (TM), and combined TM‐MCF (three patients, 17.6% each). Exclusive endoscopic transcanal suprageniculate (ETS) and mastoid combined with cervical approaches were applied once in two patients, 5.8% each. Total tumor removal was achieved in all cases. No significant postoperative complications were observed. The mean follow‐up period was 193.2 months (SD, 119.5) and no tumor recurrence was observed.ConclusionThis study provides further evidence for the safety and efficacy of various surgical approaches for FNS, and incorporates the endoscopic transcanal approach.Level of evidence4.
Surface Cation Cross‐Locking Enables Non‐Destructive “On‐Demand” Synthesis of Anion‐Exchanged CsPbX3 Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Huang Guangguang , Sun Kaiwei , Xiong Xinyang , Song Long , Liu Gaoke , Zheng Chaofang , Yu Feilong , Du Zuliang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPost‐synthetic halide anion exchange is considered a “double‐edged sword” for perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs), which offer unique access to color tunability while bringing about surface defects. Herein, a novel surface cation cross‐locking (SCCL) strategy is proposed to achieve the anion‐exchanged CsPbX3 PNCs (X is Cl, Br, I) with non‐destructive emissions. This is achieved using a dendritic ligand of Pentaerythritol tetrakis (3‐mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) as a surface cross‐locker, which can form the multiple coordination to the surface Pb cation of octahedral [PbX6]4− during the fast halide anion exchange via four end‐thiolates and four side‐carboxylates. As a result, the red‐ and blue‐emitting anion‐exchanged CsPbX3 PNCs exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) values of >97%, close to the parent green‐emitting CsPbBr3 PNCs. Moreover, the “on‐demand” synthesis of anion‐exchanged CsPbX3 PNCs is also performed via autonomous robotic in‐flow experimentation. This work provides a new general post‐synthetic way for the full‐color CsPbX3 PNCs with compositions that are inaccessible via direct synthetic routes.
Silmitasertib in Combination With Cabozantinib Impairs Liver Cancer Cell Cycle Progression, Induces Apoptosis, and Delays Tumor Growth in a Preclinical Model
Authors: Haga Yuki , Ray Ranjit , Ray Ratna B. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global problem. Several approved treatments, including immune therapy and multi‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors, are used for treatment, although the results are not optimum. There is an unmet need to develop highly effective chemotherapies for HCC. Targeting multiple pathways to attack cancer cells is beneficial. Cabozantinib is an orally available bioactive multikinase inhibitor and has a modest effect on HCC treatment. Silmitasertib is an orally bioavailable, potent CK2 inhibitor with a direct role in DNA damage repair and is in clinical trials for other cancers. In this study, we planned to repurpose these existing drugs on HCC treatment. We observed a stronger antiproliferative effect of these two combined drugs on HCC cells generated from different etiologies as compared to the single treatment. Global RNA‐seq analyses revealed a decrease in the expression of G2/M cell cycle transition genes in HCC cells following combination treatment, suggesting G2 phase cell arrest. We observed G2/M cell cycle phase arrest in HCC cells upon combination treatment compared to the single‐treated or vehicle‐treated control cells. The downregulation of CCNA2 and CDC25C following combination therapy further supported the observation. Subsequent analyses demonstrated that combination treatment inhibited 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) phosphorylation, and increased Bim expression. Apoptosis of HCC cells were accompanied by increased poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase cleavage and caspase‐9 activation. Next, we observed that a combination therapy significantly delayed the progression of HCC xenograft growth as compared to vehicle control. Together, our results suggested combining cabozantinib and silmitasertib would be a promising treatment option for HCC.
Determination of an optimum patch configuration in the repair of a center crack in thin aluminum sheet using polymer composite patch
Authors: Rasane Amol , Kumar Prashant , Khond Mohan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe formation of cracks and their growth is an issue of concern in structural applications incorporating thin metal sheets. Adhering cracked region with a patch of composite material has proved effective in repairing cracks. Determining an optimum configuration of composite patch is still a challenge as a shorter patch may not be effective and a larger patch leads to wastage of resources. An appropriate methodology is required for specifying an optimum patch configuration in terms of its length, width, and thickness. The work presented prescribes a methodology for obtaining an appropriate combination of geometrical parameters of the composite patch. The computational tools like finite element analysis and response surface method have been incorporated. This is an extensive work consisting of a number of iterations of numerical analyses carried out for different combinations of the length and width of the patch. The results were also obtained for three different patch thicknesses in which the number of plies were increased from a single ply to three plies. The optimum size was obtained for each of the three patch thicknesses. Finally, a methodology for obtaining the most appropriate patch configuration based on the practical constraint of a small available area is prescribed.Highlights
The crack repair in a thin structural sheet using fiber reinforced polymer composite patch separates at the interface. The optimum size of the patch needs to be used for an effective repair.
The work consists of a combination of experiments and numerical simulations using finite element analysis.
Response surface methodology is employed in this optimization study.
Monitoring Pregnancies Exposed to Galcanezumab for Migraine in a United States Administrative Claims Database
Authors: Hoffman Sarah R. , Mawanda Francis , Crowe Christopher L. , Ruff Dustin D. , Lanes Stephan , Schroeder Krista 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeGalcanezumab is a calcitonin gene‐related peptide monoclonal antibody indicated for migraine prevention in adults. Due to the long half‐life of galcanezumab and the prevalence of migraine in women of childbearing age, galcanezumab exposure may occur during pregnancy. However, real‐world use and safety of galcanezumab during pregnancy has not been fully described. To help fill this gap, galcanezumab has two ongoing pregnancy safety studies, one of which is an insurance claims database study.MethodsThis database study is actively identifying and following pregnancies exposed to galcanezumab using commercial claims from the Healthcare Integrated Research Database (HIRD). Patient accrual is planned from September 2018 to June 2026, with a final study report planned for December 2027. This study requires 430 galcanezumab‐exposed pregnancies with linked infants to reach power for comparative analysis of major congenital malformations.ResultsRecent monitoring of patient accrual, including data from 28 September 2018 to 31 January 2023, identified 207 galcanezumab‐exposed pregnancies in women with migraine in the HIRD, of which 110 were live births and 73 of which were linked to an infant. This represents an annual accrual rate of approximately 17 pregnancies linked to infants, which is substantially lower than the 55 required annually to reach target size within current regulatory‐committed study timelines.ConclusionsThe accrual of a sufficient number of galcanezumab‐exposed pregnancies represents a substantial, but not uncommon, barrier to conducting comparative analyses in pregnancy studies. Potential solutions that would allow for timely dissemination of important safety information to patients and providers may be available.
The Awareness of and Adherence to the Pregnancy Prevention Program for Oral Retinoids: A Questionnaire Survey in Denmark
Authors: Backran Dana , Ahmad Sophia , Hansen Johanne M. , Almarsdóttir Anna Birna , Jacobsen Ramune 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeWe aimed to investigate the awareness of oral retinoid teratogenicity and the adherence to the pregnancy prevention program (PPP) related to oral retinoid use by physicians, pharmacists, and patients in Denmark.MethodsAs part of the multi‐country survey, web‐based questionnaires were distributed among Danish dermatologists, general practitioners, community pharmacists, and women of childbearing age, who were using or had used oral retinoids within the past 5 years.ResultsA total of 62 physicians, 96 pharmacists, and 50 oral retinoid using women responded; 95%, 100%, and 98%, respectively, were aware of the teratogenic risks of oral retinoids. For physicians, the most applied PPP measures were the usage of the patient (44%) and the healthcare professional (19%) guides, while the least applied measure was signing medication risk awareness form (3%). Among the pharmacists, the warning sign on the outer medication package was the most used measure (45%). Among the women, a majority (90%) had read the patient information leaflet included in the medication package and 72% discussed the use of contraception with their healthcare provider, while risk awareness forms and patient cards were seen by only few.ConclusionsIn Denmark, physicians, pharmacists, and medicine users were aware about the teratogenic effects of oral retinoids. Adherence to pregnancy prevention measures varied, suggesting unwillingness to use the measures that require patients' signatures among physicians and a lack of awareness of pharmacy targeting measures. Accessibility of the latter measures need to be optimized to improve the safety of oral retinoid use.
Core Concepts in Pharmacoepidemiology: Quantitative Bias Analysis
Authors: Brown Jeremy P. , Hunnicutt Jacob N. , Ali M. Sanni , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Cole Ashley , Langan Sinead M. , Nitsch Dorothea , Rentsch Christopher T. , Galwey Nicholas W. , Wing Kevin , Douglas Ian J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPharmacoepidemiological studies provide important information on the safety and effectiveness of medications, but the validity of study findings can be threatened by residual bias. Ideally, biases would be minimized through appropriate study design and statistical analysis methods. However, residual biases can remain, for example, due to unmeasured confounders, measurement error, or selection into the study. A group of sensitivity analysis methods, termed quantitative bias analyses, are available to assess, quantitatively and transparently, the robustness of study results to these residual biases. These approaches include methods to quantify how the estimated effect would be altered under specified assumptions about the potential bias, and methods to calculate bounds on effect estimates. This article introduces quantitative bias analyses for unmeasured confounding, misclassification, and selection bias, with a focus on their relevance and application to pharmacoepidemiological studies.