bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Novel Risk Factors in Patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Eastern India: A Detailed Analysis
Authors: Mukherjee Sudeb , Manna Kaushik , Datta Suhana 
Published: December 2015

<p><strong>Background:</strong> To identify prevalence of the novel risk factors among young patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and having no or minimal conventional risk factors. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: Total 70 patients ( male 48 , female 22 ) who were admitted in our hospital with ACS, without any traditional risk factors were analyzed for hsCRP [highly sensitive C reactive protein ], Lp(a) [Lipoprotein(a)], Homocysteine and uric acid level.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> 44.29% of the study population have high values of hs-CRP, more in older age group but not significant (&lt;40 vs &gt;40 yrs) (P=0.79). High homocysteine present in 42.86% of cases, more in older age ( &gt;40 yrs) (54.55%) than &lt;40 years age (23.08%) which is statistically significant (P-0.01). High uric acid level found in 32.86% of cases without any significant age and sex difference. High Lp(a) level is found in 41.43% of cases more among ≥40 years (50%) than &lt;40 years (26.92%), the difference was not found to be statistically significant. [ Chi-square = 3.587; P=0.058; OR=2.71 95% CI= 0.95 – 7.7].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>hsCRP is most useful cost effective screening method for ACS in younger individual among all other parameters in this part of world .</p>
Integrated Islamic Primary School In The Middle-Class Muslims Indonesia Conception
Authors: Suyatno Suyatno 
Published: December 2015

<p>In the reform era, there are interesting developments regarding the trend of parental choice of education in Indonesia, when the Middle-class Muslim more interested send their children to schools based on strong basic religious (Islamic). This study aims to answer the question why Islamic Primary School attracted many parents of Middle-class Muslim? The method of data collection is done by indepth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The results showed that the preferences of parents in educating their children in SDIT is influenced by the three factors, namely; theological, sociological, and academic factors. Theological factors are reasons based on considerations of religion. Sociological factors associated with increasing image of Islamic schools. Academic factors related to the ability SDIT in achieving high academic achievement for their students. The position of the teacher as a murabby (moral guide) into the carrying capacity of the school principal. Murabby<em> </em>position makes the relationship between teacher and student is not merely a formal relationship in school, but as the relationship between parent and a child at home as well. Therefore, the future development of primary schools need to consider the quality of religious education in order to attract parental choice of education of the Middle-class Muslim.</p>
Galápagos mockingbirds tolerate introduced parasites that affect Darwin's finches
Authors: Knutie Sarah A. , Owen Jeb P. , McNew Sabrina M. , Bartlow Andrew W. , Arriero Elena , Herman Jordan M. , DiBlasi Emily , Thompson Michael , Koop Jennifer A. H. , Clayton Dale H. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIntroduced parasites threaten native host species that lack effective defenses. Such parasites increase the risk of extinction, particularly in small host populations like those on islands. If some host species are tolerant to introduced parasites, this could amplify the risk of the parasite to vulnerable host species. Recently, the introduced parasitic nest flyPhilornis downsihas been implicated in the decline of Darwin's finch populations in the Galápagos Islands. In some years, 100% of finch nests fail due toP. downsi; however, other common host species nesting near Darwin's finches, such as the endemic Galápagos mockingbird (Mimus parvulus), appear to be less affected byP. downsi. We compared effects ofP. downsion mockingbirds and medium ground finches (Geospiza fortis) on Santa Cruz Island in the Galápagos. We experimentally manipulated the abundance ofP. downsiin nests of mockingbirds and finches to measure the direct effect of the parasite on the reproductive success of each species of host. We also compared immunological and behavioral responses by each species of host to the fly. Although nests of the two host species had similar parasite densities, flies decreased the fitness of finches but not mockingbirds. Neither host species had a significant antibody‐mediated immune response toP. downsi. Moreover, finches showed no significant increase in begging, parental provisioning, or plasma glucose levels in response to the flies. In contrast, parasitized mockingbird nestlings begged more than nonparasitized mockingbird nestlings. Greater begging was correlated with increased parental provisioning behavior, which appeared to compensate for parasite damage. The results of our study suggest that finches are negatively affected byP. downsibecause they do not have such behavioral mechanisms for energy compensation. In contrast, mockingbirds are capable of compensation, making them tolerant hosts, and a possible indirect threat to Darwin's finches.
Invaders do not require high resource levels to maintain physiological advantages in a temperate deciduous forest
Authors: Heberling J. Mason , Fridley Jason D. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractNon‐native, invasive plants are commonly typified by trait strategies associated with high resource demands and plant invasions are often thought to be dependent upon site resource availability or disturbance. However, the invasion of shade‐tolerant woody species into deciduous forests of the Eastern United States seems to contradict such generalization, as growth in this ecosystem is strongly constrained by light and, secondarily, nutrient stress. In a factorial manipulation of light and soil nitrogen availability, we established an experimental resource gradient in a secondary deciduous forest to test whether three common, woody, invasive species displayed increased metabolic performance and biomass production compared to six co‐occurring woody native species, and whether these predicted differences depend upon resource supply. Using hierarchical Bayesian models of photosynthesis that included leaf trait effects, we found that invasive species exhibited functional strategies associated with higher rates of carbon gain. Further, invader metabolic and growth‐related attributes were more responsive to increasing light availability than those of natives, but did not fall below average native responses even in low light. Surprisingly, neither group showed direct trait or growth responses to soil N additions. However, invasive species showed increased photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiencies with decreasing N availability, while that of natives remained constant. Although invader advantage over natives was amplified in higher resource conditions in this forest, our results indicate that some invasive species can maintain physiological advantages over co‐occurring natives regardless of resource conditions.
Preparation of Bamboo Chars and Bamboo Activated Carbons to Remove Color and COD from Ink Wastewater
Authors: Hata Motohide , Amano Yoshimasa , Thiravetyan Paitip , Machida Motoi 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT: Bamboo chars and bamboo activated carbons prepared by steam activation were applied for ink wastewater treatment. Bamboo char at 800 °C was the best for the removal of color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from ink wastewater compared to bamboo chars at 300 to 700 °C due to higher surface area and mesopore volume. Bamboo activated carbon at 600 °C (S600) was the best compared to bamboo activated carbon at 800 °C (S800), although S800 had larger surface area (1108 m2/g) than S600 (734 m2/g). S600 had higher mesopore volume (0.20 cm3/g) than S800 (0.16 cm3/g) and therefore achieved higher color and COD removal. All bamboo activated carbons showed higher color and COD removal efficiency than commercial activated carbon. In addition, S600 had the superior adsorption capacity for methylene blue (0.89 mmol/g). Therefore, bamboo is a suitable material to prepare adsorbents for removal of organic pollutants.
Hospital Readmission Following Discharge From Inpatient Rehabilitation for Older Adults With Debility
Authors: Galloway Rebecca V. , Karmarkar Amol M. , Graham James E. , Tan Alai , Raji Mukaila , Granger Carl V. , Ottenbacher Kenneth J. 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundDebility accounts for 10% of inpatient rehabilitation cases among Medicare beneficiaries. Debility has the highest 30-day readmission rate among 6 impairment groups most commonly admitted to inpatient rehabilitation.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine rates, temporal distribution, and factors associated with hospital readmission for patients with debility up to 90 days following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.DesignA retrospective cohort study was conducted using records for 45,424 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with debility discharged to community from 1,199 facilities during 2006–2009.MethodsCox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios for readmission. Schoenfeld residuals were examined to identify covariate-time interactions. Factor-time interactions were included in the full model for Functional Independence Measure (FIM) discharge motor functional status, comorbidity tier, and chronic pulmonary disease. Most prevalent reasons for readmission were summarized by Medicare severity diagnosis related groups.ResultsHospital readmission rates for patients with debility were 19% for 30 days and 34% for 90 days. The highest readmission count occurred on day 3 after discharge, and 56% of readmissions occurred within 30 days. A higher FIM discharge motor rating was associated with lower hazard for readmissions prior to 60 days (30-day hazard ratio=0.987; 95% confidence interval=0.986, 0.989). Comorbidities with hazard ratios &gt;1.0 included comorbidity tier and 11 Elixhauser conditions, 3 of which (heart failure, renal failure, and chronic pulmonary disease) were among the most prevalent reasons for readmission.LimitationsAnalysis of Medicare data permitted only use of variables reported for administrative purposes. Comorbidity data were analyzed only for inpatient diagnoses.ConclusionsOne-third of patients were readmitted to acute hospitals within 90 days following rehabilitation for debility. Protective effect of greater motor function was diminished by 60 days after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.
The Polyvalency of Joyce's Characters
Authors: Sandulesco Georges 
Published: December 2015

Proposition one. All texts of literature evince a texture by the side of a simpler or more complex structure : poetry, by definition, foregrounds the texture ; prose, again by definition, foregrounds the structure. Proposition two. Structure carries explicit information : texture carries implicit narrative information.
I demonstrated elsewhere (The Joycean Monologue, A Wake Newslitter Press, 1979) that Joyce had turned the epiphany into a textural device par excellence. He had in that way become «texture -conscious», and could not write in any other way ... Proposition three. The novel Ulysses evinces a clear, author- acknowledged, title-supported structural archetype directly derived from Homer's Odyssey, which impresses some order upon the apparent chaos. Proposition four. By the side of the structural myth expressed in the title, the novel Ulysses is closely patterned on two textural archetypes — the Story of the New Testament, either told very jokingly or pointed at in all respectfulness, and the Story of Old Prince Hamlet, told over-biographically. The novel's texture is very rich in evenly -spread evidence in support of this proposition. Proposition five. Exaggeration of the monitoring structural myth is damaging to the process of detection of the ordering capabilities of the two main textural myths, identical in point of trinitarian symmetry. Proposition six. Ulysses is therefore constructed on multiple myth : the binding force of the Hiesos & Hamlet trinities equals Homer. Taking Dublin into account, the narrative may be visually rendered in stylized four-leaved shamrock shape.
Gœthe, Rousseau, Rosa : Three Continental Influences on Lady Morgan
Authors: Brihault Jean 
Published: December 2015

Lady Morgan (1775-1859), dont l'influence sur la littérature irlandaise en anglais n'a pas encore été totalement évaluée, a écrit de nombreux ouvrages où l'influence de Goethe, de Rosa et de Rousseau se détecte aisément. Saint-Clair ; or, the Heiress of Desmond (1803) son premier roman, fut inspiré par The Sorrows of Werther. Les mêmes personnages et les mêmes situations se retrouvent dans les deux oeuvres. Bien que moins manifeste, l'influence du chef-d'oeuvre de Goethe peut aussi être détectée dans The Missionary ; an Indian Tale (1811). Ce roman indien abonde aussi en tableaux hérités de Salvator Rosa dont l'influence, particulièrement en ce qui concerne l'utilisation de la lumière, se ressent également dans de nombreux autres romans de Lady Morgan.
Goethe et Rosa avait attiré la romancière irlandaise parce qu'elle les considérait comme des artistes « naturels ». Il n'est donc guère surprenant de détecter l'influence de Rousseau dans la plupart de ses oeuvres, particulièrement dans les passages consacrés au bonheur et à la vertu, à la société et à l'individu, ainsi qu'à l'éducation.
Nationalisme et conscience morale dans l'œuvre de Gerald Griffin
Authors: Flot Michel 
Published: December 2015

Les meilleurs romans et contes de Gerald Griffin furent écrits de 1826 à 1830, alors que la population catholique se mobilisait pour affirmer ses droits au sein de la communauté nationale. Conscient du rôle social de l'écrivain, Griffin croyait qu'une meilleure connaissance des réalités historiques et sociales devrait remédier à la division et la haine qui paralysaient le pays. Rejetant à la fois l'illusoire « Nation Protestante » et une utopique nation gaélique, il fut parmi les premiers à rechercher une nouvelle identité irlandaise. Il voulut croire en l'existence d'une voie non-violente qui permettrait d'obtenir les réformes souhaitées et rendrait possible l'indispensable réconciliation nationale.
Les espoirs de Griffin furent cruellement déçus. Il lui fut de plus en plus difficile de mettre sa création romanesque au service d'un projet historique irréalisable. La conscience morale du chrétien devint moralisme dans l'oeuvre, qui perdit sa vigueur et son originalité. L'abandon de soi dans la religion lui permit de donner un sens à son désespoir.
L'Irlande Romantique et Fantastique dans The Snake's Pass
Authors: Zeender Marie-Noëlle 
Published: December 2015

The Snake's Pass est le tout premier roman de Bram Stoker. L'action se déroule en Irlande, dans les contrées sauvages de l'ouest. Arthur Severn, le narrateur qui s'aventure en ces lieux a immédiatement le coup de foudre pour ce pays inconnu et pour une belle Irlandaise qu'il a entr'aperçue. Pour conquérir sa bien- aimée, il lui faudra accomplir tout un parcours initiatique qui va le conduire à affronter toutes sortes de périls.
Le dragon qu'il doit vaincre est incarné par la terre de Knockalltecrore, la Montagne de la Couronne d'Or Perdue, dominée par une tourbière mouvante qui, d'après la légende, serait le royaumme du Roi des Serpents. Mais c'est aussi le Gombeen Man, « le vampire assoiffé », le « suceur de sang » qui s'acharne contre la belle afin de s'emparer de ses terres, censées receler un fabuleux trésor. Aveuglé par son avidité, il périra avalé par cette terre qui s'ouvre soudain sous ses pas, comme la gueule d'un gigantesque serpent.
Si le roman évoque déjà le monstrueux Ver Blanc de la dernière œuvre de l'auteur, il esquisse aussi à travers le personnage du Gombeen Man, l'être le plus haï de toute l'Irlande, la figure redoutable du comte Dracula, l'usurier suprême.
O'Casey notre contemporain : problèmes de mise en scène
Authors: Dumay Émile-Jean 
Published: December 2015

Les pièces d'O'Casey sont perçues comme vieillies. Cet article examine des exemples récents, français et irlandais, pour montrer qu'il n'en est rien mais aussi que beaucoup reste à faire pour ce théâtre, qui est par excellence taillé sur mesure pour un travail de mise en scène. Après un bref historique sur les représentations en France dans les années cinquante et soixante, je note la tendance actuelle, en Irlande et en France, à un rejet du réalisme et à une attitude « moderne », mettant en valeur des tonalités inhabituelles et évitant l'accent exclusif sur la comédie. Réévaluation donc, re-découverte possible.
Je fais pour finir quelques propositions de mise en scène : venir à bout dramatiquement des ruptures de ton, insister sur la surprise et l'inconfort, laisser sur la scène un espace vide pour le rêve et l'imaginaire, et concentrer en un lieu res treint toute la méticulosité des objets réalistes. Mettre aussi en valeur le caractère ludique des personnages, qui sont eux-mêmes acteurs de rôles.
J'exprime l'espoir, pour finir, que l'on ne rabâchera pas éternellement la Trilogie de Dublin, pour explorer toutes les pièces postérieures, qui constituent les sept-huitièmes de son œuvre.
John McGahern : « Like all Other Men » ou « la vanité et la poursuite du vent »,
Authors: Louvel Liliane 
Published: December 2015

« Like All Other Men » by John McGahern deeply moves the reader. How does it achieve this effect ? Asking this question means interrogating the text, its efficiency and its status as an aesthetic artefact. A close scrutiny of McGahern's style will help us define some of its characteristics. Rejected into time, Michael experiences limits. Born to love at the same time as he knows
sin, the young man follows a path from priesthood to the crucial initiation to temporality. Michael is sentenced to the endless repetition of hours, forever.
Interaction Detection with Depth Sensing and Body Tracking Cameras in Physical Rehabilitation
Authors: Jansen B. , Bonnechère B. , Oravec M. , Jarmila P. , Jan S. Van Sint , Omelina L. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryIntroduction: This article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on “Methodologies, Models and Algorithms for Patients Rehabilitation”. Objectives: This paper presents a camera based method for identifying the patient and detecting interactions between the patient and the therapist during therapy. Detecting interactions helps to discriminate between active and passive motion of the patient as well as to estimate the accuracy of the skeletal data. Methods: Continuous face recognition is used to detect, recognize and track the patient with other people in the scene (e.g. the therapist, or a clinician). We use a method based on local binary patterns (LBP). After identifying users in the scene we identify interactions between the patient and other people. We use a depth map/point cloud for estimating the distance between two people. Our method uses the association of depth regions to user identities and computes the minimal distance between the regions. Results: Our results show state-of-the-art performance of real-time face recognition using low-resolution images that is sufficient to use in adaptive systems. Our proposed approach for detecting interactions shows 91.9% overall recognition accuracy what is sufficient for applications in the context of serious games. We also discuss limitations of the proposed method as well as general limitations of using depth cameras for serious games. Conclusions: We introduced a new method for frame-by-frame automated identification of the patient and labeling reliable sequences of the patient’s data recorded during rehabilitation (games). Our method improves automated rehabilitation systems by detecting the identity of the patient as well as of the therapist and by detecting the distance between both over time.
A comparison of autogenous theories for the origin of eukaryotic cells
Authors: Baum David A. 
Published: December 2015

PREMISE:Eukaryotic cells have many unique features that all evolved on the stem lineage of living eukaryotes, making it difficult to reconstruct the order in which they accumulated. Nuclear endosymbiotic theories hold that three prokaryotes (nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondrion) came together to form a eukaryotic cell, whereas autogenous models hold that the nucleus and cytoplasm formed through evolutionary changes in a single prokaryotic lineage. Given several problems with nuclear endosymbiotic theories, this review focuses on autogenous models.KEY INSIGHTS:Until recently all autogenous models assumed an outside‐in (OI) topology, proposing that the nuclear envelope was formed from membrane‐bound vesicles within the original cell body. Buzz Baum and I recently proposed an inside‐out (IO) alternative, suggesting that the nucleus corresponds to the original cell body, with the cytoplasmic compartment deriving from extracellular protrusions. In this review, I show that OI and IO models are compatible with both mitochondria early (ME) or mitochondria late (ML) formulations. Whereas ME models allow that the relationship between mitochondria and host was mutualistic from the outset, ML models imply that the association began with predation or parasitism, becoming mutualistic later. In either case, the mutualistic interaction that eventually formed was probably syntrophic.CONCLUSIONS:Diverse features of eukaryotic cell biology align well with the IOME model, but it would be premature to rule out the OIME model. ML models require that phagocytosis, a complex and energy expensive process, evolved before mitochondria, which seems unlikely. Nonetheless, further research is needed, especially resolution of the phylogenetic affinities of mitochondria.
Fossil evidence for open, Proteaceae‐dominated heathlands and fire in the Late Cretaceous of Australia
Authors: Carpenter Raymond J. , Macphail Michael K. , Jordan Gregory J. , Hill Robert S. 
Published: December 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The origin of biomes is of great interest globally. Molecular phylogenetic and pollen evidence suggest that several plant lineages that now characterize open, burnt habitats of the sclerophyll biome, became established during the Late Cretaceous of Australia. However, whether this biome itself dates to that time is problematic, fundamentally because of the near‐absence of relevant, appropriately aged, terrestrial plant macro‐ or mesofossils.METHODS:We recovered, identified, and interpreted the ecological significance of fossil pollen, foliar and other remains from a section of core drilled in central Australia, which we dated as Late Campanian–Maastrichtian.KEY RESULTS:The sediments contain plant fossils that indicate nutrient‐limited, open, sclerophyllous vegetation and abundant charcoal as evidence of fire. Most interestingly, >30 pollen taxa and at least 12 foliage taxa are attributable to the important Gondwanan family Proteaceae, including several minute, amphistomatic, and sclerophyllous foliage forms consistent with subfamily Proteoideae. Microfossils, including an abundance of Sphagnales and other wetland taxa, provided strong evidence of a fenland setting. The local vegetation also included diverse Ericaceae and Liliales, as well as a range of ferns and gymnosperms.CONCLUSIONS:The fossils provide strong evidence in support of hypotheses of great antiquity for fire and open vegetation in Australia, point to extraordinary persistence of Proteaceae that are now emblematic of the Mediterranean‐type climate southwestern Australian biodiversity hotspot and raise the profile of open habitats as centers of ancient lineages.