bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De novo cytogenetic alterations in spermatozoa of subfertile males might be due to genome instability associated with idiopathic male infertility: Experimental evidences and Review of the literature
Authors: Mozdarani Hossein , Mozdarani Sohail 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Male infertility is caused by many factors including genetics. Although part of genetic damages are inherited and could be traced in blood leukocytes, but those de novo alterations induced in spermatogenesis are not part of diagnostic work up. De novo alterations might be the cause of many idiopathic conditions of male infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate DNA damage, sex chromosomal aneuploidy and DAZ microdeletion in sperms of subfertile males in comparison with normal healthy individuals. Whole blood and semen samples were obtained from 75 subfertile and 45 normal men. Semen samples from karyotypically normal subfertile and normal individuals were used for DNA fragmentation, sex chromosome aneuploidy and DAZ microdeletion analysis. Sperm DNA damage was assessed by alkaline comet assay, chromosome aneuploidy and DAZ microdeletion was assessed using a combined primed in situ labeling and fluorescent in situ hybridization (PRINS-FISH) method. A significantly high percentage of DNA fragmentation was observed in subfertile patients compared to control. Similar observation was observed for sex chromosome aneuploidy and DAZ microdeletion (p < 0.01). A relatively small interindividual difference was seen in all three assays performed. However DAZ microdeletion was observed as mosaic form in Y bearing sperms. Results indicate that subfertile males experience higher genome instability in spermatogenesis expressed as DNA damage and consequently sperm chromosomal 220 AIMS Genetics Volume 3, Issue 4, 219-238. aneuploidy or microdeletions. Occurrence of de novo genetic alterations caused by environmental chemico-physical genotoxic agents during spermatogenesis might be one of the causes of idiopathic male infertility.
Effectiveness of behavioral modification techniques with visual distraction using intrasulcular local anesthesia in hearing disabled children during pulp therapy
Authors: Fakhruddin Kausar Sadia , Gorduysus Mehmet Omer , El Batawi Hisham 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: Assessing the effectiveness of behavioral modification techniques in combination with visual distraction with/ without video eyewear using computerized delivery system-intrasulcular (CDS-IS) during the application of local anesthetic in hearing-impaired pediatric patients undergoing pulp therapy of primary molars. Materials and Methods: This randomized, crossover clinical study includes 15 children (7 boys and 8 girls), mean age was 6.1 years. Children were randomly distributed into two groups (Group A, n = 7; Group B, n = 8). The study involved three sessions, 1-week apart. During Session I, employing Tell-Show-Do technique, prophylactic dental cleaning was done while participants were watching a movie with sign-language interpretation with/without visual eyewear. At the end of Session I, score on Smiley Faces Program was used for anxiety assessment. During Session II and III, respectively, both groups underwent pulp treatment of equivalent teeth in the opposite sides of the mouth with/without video eyewear vice versa. After the procedure, children were instructed to rate their pain during treatment on the Wong-Bakers’ (WBs’) Faces Pain Scale. Changes in pulse oximeter and heart rate were recorded every 5 min. Paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test were used to assess the significance of changes during each visit. Results: There was a significant (P > 0.04) change in the heart rate observed for Group A underwent pulp treatment while watching video using video eyewear. Self-reported mean pain score also increases during treatment sessions’ with video eyewear, for both groups. Conclusion: Routine psychological (Tell-Show-Do) intervention along with visual distraction with full visibility of the surrounding and use of CDS-IS system for anesthetic delivery is recommended as an effective behavior management technique for children with hearing impairment undergoing invasive dental treatment.
Comparison of temporary anchorage devices and transpalatal arch-mediated anchorage reinforcement during canine retraction
Authors: Kecik Defne 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the dental and skeletal effects of canine retraction using conventional anchorage reinforcement systems and comparing them with the usage of TADs. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 50 patients having Class I malocclusions with bimaxillary protrusion indicated for first premolar extraction, and allocated into two groups. The first group consisted of 25 patients with a mean age of 18,7 years (min:14, max:22 years, 16 girls and 9 boys) that TADs were applied as an anchorage mechanic between attached gingiva of upper second premolar and first molar teeth. The second group consisted of 25 patients with a mean age of 19,4 years (min:15, max:23 years, 14 girls and 11 boys) that conventional molar anchorage with Transpalatal arch (TPA) was applied for the anchorage mechanics against canine retraction. Results: The results showed that mean mesial movement and the tipping of the first molars in TAD group between T0 - T1 were insignificant (P > 0,05), however in the TPA group were significant (P<0,01). Vertical movement of the molars were not significant when two groups were compared (P>0,05). Conclusion: Although TPA is a useful appliance, it doesn't provide an effective anchorage control on anteroposterior movement maxillary first molar teeth concerning first premolar extraction treatment. TADs are more convenient to provide absolute anchorage during maxillary canine retraction in contrast to transpalatal arch.
Restorative rehabilitation in a patient with sports trauma
Authors: Rashid Haroon , Vohra Fahim , Lillywhite Graeme R. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTSports trauma frequently involves insult to oral soft and hard tissues resulting in loss of tooth structure and tooth loss. Multiple sporting equipment's are employed to prevent irreversible damage to oro-facial structures, and to reduce the overall cost of treatment. However in the undesired consequence of loss of oral structures, multiple treatment options are utilized to restore, esthetics, comfort and function. Osseointegrated implant supported rehabilitation of oral structures in trauma cases provides highly predictable treatment outcomes along with preservation of remaining tissues. This case report presents the management of avulsed teeth caused by hockey stick injury, with osseointegrated dental implant supported fixed partial dentures in esthetic zone using contemporary restorative techniques.
Periodontal health status and implication of periodic acid–Schiff diastase - a key in exfoliative cytology among diabetics mellitus patients: A case–control study
Authors: Imran Aesha , Parakh Mayank Kumar , Kumar Satish Muthu , Nachiammai N. , Sriram K. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The objectives of the study are: (i) To determine if periodic acid–Schiff (PAS)-Diastase is an effective tool to diagnose DM noninvasively, (ii) to use three different types of staining procedures to identify the staining pattern over the exfoliated cells of normal and diabetic patients, (iii) to study the periodontal health status of DM and normal subjects. Materials and Methods: Basic questions regarding the demographic data were asked, following which community periodontal index (CPI) was recorded. Oral smears were collected from clinically normal buccal mucosa of 150 patients using wooden tongue spatulas. The subjects were asked to gargle their mouth with water and the wooden spatula was scraped at the site from buccal mucosa. The smears were spread evenly on a dry clean glass slide and fixed immediately with absolute ethyl alcohol. Three slides were prepared for each of the patients. PAS, PAS with diastase digestion, and Papanicolaou staining were performed and examined under a microscope. Results: Average CPI for study subjects was 3.2 and control subjects was 2.1. The average loss of attachment was 1.1 in the study group and 0.2 in the control group (P - 0.00) and the result are statistically highly significant. All the 150 cases (100%) were positive for PAS staining, while PAS-diastase (PAS-D) staining showed positivity only for normal subjects and was negative (100%) in the diabetic group (P - 0.00) and the result are statistically highly significant. Conclusions: Results of our study showed that exfoliative cytology of the oral cavity, when stained with PAS and PAS-D, can be used as an effective screening and diagnostic tool for DM patients.
A self-disinfecting irreversible hydrocolloid impression material mixed with povidone iodine powder
Authors: Ismail Hussien Abdalfatah , Asfour Hani , Shikho Souaad Abdulelah 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the effect of adding povidone (PVP) iodine powder with different concentrations to irreversible hydrocolloid on both microbiological and dimensional stability. Materials and Methods: Regular set of (alginate) irreversible hydrocolloid was selected as control group. PVP-iodine powder was mixed with the alginate powder at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20% by weight (test groups). All specimens were tested for their antimicrobial effect against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus as well as dimensional stability. Results: The results of test groups showed that concentrations 1, 5, and 10, weight % had little effect against S. mutans and S. aureus microorganisms. While concentrations 15 and 20 weight % had demonstrated greater effect on microbial growth. The mean of dimensional stability in mm of modified alginate with PVP-iodine at 15 and 20 weight % was –0.119 ± 0.255 and –0.035 ± 0.074, respectively. While the mean dimensional stability in mm of unmodified alginate was –0.112 ± 0.176 . The results of dimensional stability showed that 15 and 20 concentrations of test groups adversely affect the dimensional stability. The adverse effect was noticed to be significant in concentration 20%, where as it was nonsignificant in 15% concentration. Conclusion: Modified alginate impression material with 15 weight % PVP-iodine powered give the material, a self-disinfected properties with less deteriorating effect on dimensional stability.
Efficacy of LA Axxess burs, Gates Glidden drills and Protaper Sx in obtaining straight line access in mesiobuccal roots of mandibular first molars: A cone-beam computed tomography assessment
Authors: Verma Promila , Bains Rhythm , Tikku A. P. , Chandra Anil , Mehta Shibha 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aims at cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) evaluation of the ability of Gates Glidden (GG) drills, Protaper Sx, and LA Axxess burs to produce a straight line access (SLA) in mesiobuccal canals of mandibular first molars. Methodology: Forty-five freshly extracted mandibular teeth with a canal curvature of 10-20&deg; were taken for the study and divided into three groups according to the instruments used for cervical preflaring: Group I (LA Axxess burs), Group II (GG drills), and Group III (Protaper Sx). Pre- and post-instrumentation CBCT images were evaluated for comparing the ability of GG drills, Protaper Sx and LA Axxess burs to produce an SLA in mesiobuccal canals of mandibular first molars. Results: There was no significant change (P = 0.06) in the angle in the preSLA images of LA Axxess Group I (12.37 &plusmn; 1.01), GG Group II (13.39 &plusmn; 1.74), and Protaper Sx Group III (13.90 &plusmn; 1.74). The mean decrease in the angle from preSLA to postSLA was significant for all the three groups (P = 0.0001). However, the mean change was highest in Group I (4.25 &plusmn; 1.14), followed by Group II (3.28 &plusmn; 1.22) and Group III (2.89 &plusmn; 1.53). Conclusion: LA Axxess burs were the most effective in reducing the coronal curvature and produced a straighter access to apical third compared to GG Drills and Protaper Sx.
Prevalence of C-shaped mandibular molars in the Portuguese population evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Martins Jorge N. R. , Mata António , Marques Duarte , Caramês João 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of first and second C-shaped mandibular molars in a Western European population of Portuguese Caucasians. Materials and Methods: Patients having both routine panoramic radiograph and presurgical cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) exams were selected. The CBCT examination was performed at five different axial levels and the mandibular molars were classified as C-shape according to the Fan criteria. Differences between genders, age groups, left and right side, type of tooth, and root concavity side were determined. The molars were classified as nonfused roots (NFRI–II), FRI–III, or single root with single canal (SS) groups, using the panoramic radiograph. The prevalence of C-shaped anatomy was calculated to each group. Results: A total of 1783 teeth (695 first molars and 1088 second molars) from 792 patients were included in the study. The prevalence of C-shaped configurations was 0.6% and 8.5% to mandibular first and second molars, respectively. The differences between gender, teeth, and root concavity direction were considered statistically significant (P < 0.05). The FR had a significantly higher rate of C-shapes when compared to NFR (P < 0.05). Intrarater reliability was 93.6%. Conclusions: The FR radiographic appearance may be considered a predictor of this anatomy. Second mandibular molars and females had a higher incidence ratio. Apparently, the mandibular C-shaped anatomy is more common in the population of this study than that has been previously reported for the European population.
The effect of education on oral health students’ attitudes in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Tanny Liyana , Komabayashi Takashi , Long D. Leann , Yahata Yoshio , Moffat Susan M. , Tãne Helen 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health attitudes and behavior of students in the oral health curriculum in Australia and New Zealand. Materials and Methods: The Hiroshima University - Dental Behavioral Inventory was administered to students in the first (year 1) and final years (year 3) of the oral health curriculum at Charles Sturt University in Australia and the University of Otago in New Zealand. A total of fifty-two year 1 students and forty-five year 3 students completed English version of the questionnaire in 2013. The responses were statistically analyzed by Fisher's exact tests and exact logistic regression models. Results: The responses of students in years 1 and 3 differed significantly for “I worry about the color of my teeth” at Charles Sturt University and at the University Otago, for “I think my teeth are getting worse despite my daily brushing,” “I put off going to the dentist until I have a toothache,” and “I don't feel I've brushed well unless I brush with strong strokes.” The estimated odds ratios from the exact logistic regression models showed that year 1 students were more likely to agree with above-mentioned four questions. Conclusions: Oral Health students who had been educated in a 3-year oral health curriculum in Australia and New Zealand had more positive attitudes and behaviors related oral health than did students at the beginning of their curriculum.
Monotone Finite Volume Scheme for Three Dimensional Diffusion Equation on Tetrahedral Meshes
Authors: Lai Xiang , Sheng Zhiqiang , Yuan Guangwei 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe construct a nonlinear monotone finite volume scheme for three-dimensional diffusion equation on tetrahedral meshes. Since it is crucial important to eliminate the vertex unknowns in the construction of the scheme, we present a new efficient eliminating method. The scheme has only cell-centered unknowns and can deal with discontinuous or tensor diffusion coefficient problems on distorted meshes rigorously. The numerical results illustrate that the resulting scheme can preserve positivity on distorted tetrahedral meshes, and also show that our scheme appears to be approximate second-order accuracy for solution.
Computing Optimal Interfacial Structure of Modulated Phases
Authors: Xu Jie , Wang Chu , Shi An-Chang , Zhang Pingwen 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe propose a general framework of computing interfacial structures between two modulated phases. Specifically we propose to use a computational box consisting of two half spaces, each occupied by a modulated phase with given position and orientation. The boundary conditions and basis functions are chosen to be commensurate with the bulk phases. We observe that the ordered nature of modulated structures stabilizes the interface, which enables us to obtain optimal interfacial structures by searching local minima of the free energy landscape. The framework is applied to the Landau-Brazovskii model to investigate interfaces between modulated phases with different relative positions and orientations. Several types of novel complex interfacial structures emerge from the calculations.
Artificial Boundary Conditions for Nonlocal Heat Equations on Unbounded Domain
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yang Jiang , Zhang Jiwei , Du Qiang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis paper is concerned with numerical approximations of a nonlocal heat equation define on an infinite domain. Two classes of artificial boundary conditions (ABCs) are designed, namely, nonlocal analog Dirichlet-to-Neumann-type ABCs (global in time) and high-order Padé approximate ABCs (local in time). These ABCs reformulate the original problem into an initial-boundary-value (IBV) problem on a bounded domain. For the global ABCs, we adopt a fast evolution to enhance computational efficiency and reduce memory storage. High order fully discrete schemes, both second-order in time and space, are given to discretize two reduced problems. Extensive numerical experiments are carried out to show the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed methods.
Comparison of Ultrasonography and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Malignant Breast Lesions in a Rural Setup
Authors: Kalwani Rounak , Kher K , Daftari Sonam 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women worldwide. These rising trends have emphasized the need of prompt detection, effective clinical evaluation, and exact diagnosis of the breast disease.
Aim: To analyze and compare the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values and accuracy of ultrasonography (USG) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosing malignant breast lump.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, prospective study was done. One hundred sixteen female patients attending surgery department with breast lump were included. After complete clinical evaluation of the lump, all patients underwent USG and FNAC examination for diagnosis of the lump, and further subjected to excisional biopsy/definitive surgery, the results of which were further compared with the histopathological results to determine the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of FNAC and USG.
Results: Out of 116, 61 (52.58%) benign lesions were found while the remaining 55 (47.41%) resulted to be malignant lesions on histopathological examination (HPE). Ultrasonography reported 46 true positive, 60 true negative, and 4 false negative cases with 6 inconclusive reports; whereas, FNAC reported 47 true positive, 61 true negative, and 6 false negative cases with 2 inconclusive reports. There were no false positive cases detected by USG and FNAC. Thus, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy for USG was found to be 92, 100, 100, 93.75, and 96.36% (χ2-value = 94.88, p-value = 0.0001,S) and values of 88.68, 100, 100, 91.04, and 94.73% were obtained for FNAC respectively (χ2-value = 92.04, p = 0.0001,S).
Conclusion: In diagnosing malignant breast lesion, USG and FNAC are 100% specific. Although USG appears more sensitive than FNAC, the percentage of indeterminate report is higher with USG.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography in Cases of Obstructive Jaundice in Correlation with Ultrasonography
Authors: Jiwani Mohammadali , Banode Pankaj , Kharche Ashutosh , Jiwani Atieya , Vaidhya S 
Published: December 2016

AbstractJaundice is a common problem in society, it is important to discriminate between obstructive and non obstructive cause due to high morbidity in cases of obstructive jaundice, also non obstructive jaundice requires medical management while obstructive jaundice requires surgical intervention. Our study was done with aims to determine role of MRCP in cases of obstructive jaundice in correlation with ultrasonography keeping post surgical follow ups/ ERCP/ histopathology as gold standard for final diagnosis. All patients in our study undergone USG followed by MRCP. We had included total 100 patients out of which 58 females and 42 males. Out of all patients we have observed 56 malignant causes and 44 benign causes. We have observed benign conditions are seen more frequently in adults while increase in frequency of malignancy with increase in age thus there found to have direct relationship of malignant etiology with increase in age. Most common benign cause observed in our study was choledocholithiasis while most common malignancy was carcinoma head of pancreas. In our study we have concluded that MRCP is better modality with high sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy as compared to USG also with use of MRCP invasive procedures like ERCP can be avoided just for diagnostic purpose. We have also noticed few limitations of both USG and MRCP in process of diagnosis.
Askin Tumor: A Case Report of Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors of the Chest Wall – Computed Tomography Findings
Authors: Chandak Namita , Kashikar Shivali , Khan Shiba , Khan Saherish 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAskin tumor is a rare malignant neoplasm in the thoracopulmonary region. Its diagnostic approach is complex and requires a multidisciplinary team. Given the rarity of this entity, we report a case of Askin's tumor.
Justice and U.S. Occupational Therapy Practice: A Relationship 100 Years in the Making
Authors: Aldrich Rebecca M. , Boston Tessa L. , Daaleman Claire E. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
At 99 years old, occupational therapy is a global health care profession with a growing orientation toward justice. Because much of the occupational justice discourse has developed outside the United States, parallels between the profession’s ethos and its current focus on justice must be examined more closely in this country. Although occupational therapy practitioners in the United States are better equipped than their predecessors with language and theories that explicitly emphasize justice, the potential for bringing that focus to bear depends on practitioners’ willingness to think differently about their practices. We argue that a focus on justice can be naturally integrated with curriculum standards by emphasizing the link between cultural humility, client-centeredness, and embodied habits of “seeking out unknown others.” Outside formal education, practitioners can be encouraged to think of justice as something that already intersects with practice, not something that practitioners must choose whether to take up.