bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimum Pulse Rate During Sleep as a Potential Non-Invasive Biomarker for Subtle Abnormalities in Mini-Mental State Examination in Active Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Multifaceted Survey
Authors: Tanaka Yuji , Saito Kozo , Tsuchiya Kyoichiro , Iwata Yusuke , Ando Takashi , Mochizuki Kazuki , Taniguchi Tamami , Mitsui Takahiko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Developing quantitative indicators of daily life that detect subtle cognitive decline is an important challenge in today's growing population of older adults worldwide. In this study, we aimed to explore novel candidates for indicators associated with subtle abnormalities in brief dementia screening test.
Methods: This was a multifaceted cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 35 older adults who had not been certified for long-term care or diagnosed with cognitive impairment usingquestionnaires, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), body composition measurements, sleep apnoea testing, activity monitoring, motor function assessments, blood tests, and nutrient analyses. Of the 89 factors examined in this study, several less invasive indicators for cognitive impairment were identified using Spearman’s correlation analysis, two-group comparison, and multiple linear regression model analysis.
Results: An increased minimum pulse rate during sleep was found to be the most important non-invasive marker associated with both the correlation with MMSE scores and the risk classification of cognitive impairment (mild cognitive impairment or dementia).
Conclusions: The minimum pulse rate during sleep is easily detectable owing to recent developments and widespread use of wearable devices. The results of this study will not only provide opportunities for older adults and their families to recognise slight cognitive decline but will also contribute to the early detection of cognitive decline, as a guide for the development of research evaluating the detection sensitivity and specificity of these indicators.
Evaluation of insecticide resistance in different field populations of Cabbage aphid, Brevicornye brassicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to selected organophosphate insecticides
Authors: Mir Irfan Ahmad , Hussain Barkat , Ahmad Tariq 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The Cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae is the most devastating pest of cruciferous crops, and management strategies mainly rely on insecticidal treatment. In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility of different field populations of B. brassicae collected from eight major cruciferous crop-producing districts of Kashmir, India, in 2023. The Toxicity of Chlorpyrifos (25% EC Kohiban), Dimethoate (30% EC Tafgor), and Quinalphos (25% EC Flash) was evaluated by foliage spray method under laboratory conditions. Different populations showed varied levels of susceptibility to the insecticides evaluated at various concentrations. The variability of the LC50 values was 3.71 mlL− 1 for dimethoate, 4.61 mlL− 1 for chlorpyrifos, and 3.97 mlL− 1 for quinalphos. After comparing insecticides resistance ratios (RR) with most susceptible field populations, resistance ratio to quinalphos was highest in the range of 1.13-3.07-fold, followed by 1.10-2.17-folds for dimethoate and 1.07-2.9-fold for Chlorpyrifos. The highest level of resistance to dimethoate was found in Budgam (LC50 = 7.32 ml L−1) and lowest in Anantnag (LC50 = 2.52 ml L − 1). Resistance against quinalphos was highest in Baramulla (LC50 = 8.45 mlL− 1) and lowest in Anantnag (LC50 = 2.75 mlL− 1). When exposed to the same insecticide, Bandipora exhibits the lowest resistance (LC50 = 3.18 mlL− 1) and Anantnag the highest resistance (LC50 = 6.92 mlL− 1). Rotation of insecticides with different modes of action where populations have no, very low, or low levels of resistance could be helpful in the management of B. brassicae infestation.
Genome sequencing and mining expand the natural product repertoire of Lysobacter
Authors: Bierman Jeffrey J. , Walker Mark C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Compounds produced by living organisms serve as an important source of inspiration for the development of pharmaceuticals. A potential source of new natural products are bacteria from a genus with species that are known to produce bioactive natural products, but are relatively understudied. Lysobacter is a genus of bacteria that have attracted attention as possible biocontrol agents and are known to produce antibiotic natural products. To further explore the biosynthetic potential of Lysobacter, we sequenced the genomes of two species and performed genome mining studies on those and publicly available genomes.
Results
In this study we produced draft genome sequences for Lysobacter firmicutimachus and Lysobacter yananisis. We additionally examined 113 publicly available Lysobacter genomes and found that biosynthetic potential of individual species ranges broadly, with species having between 1 and nearly 20 biosynthetic gene clusters. Filtering for more complete genome assemblies and 9 or more biosynthetic gene clusters, we performed genome mining on 24 Lysobacter genomes. Within these genomes we identified 21 unique nonribosomal peptide, 11 unique hybrid polyketide/nonribosomal peptide, 4 unique polyketide, and 27 unique lanthipeptide biosynthetic gene clusters that produce uncharacterized compounds. Additionally, we tentatively identified the biosynthetic gene cluster in L. firmicutimachus responsible for producing plusbacins, which has not been previously identified.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that Lysobacter have a large repertoire of natural products that remain to be characterized. Additionally, we found that some Lysobacter species are substantially more biosynthetically gifted than others and that strains of the same species of Lysobacter have similar biosynthetic capacities.
Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) and Human Health Risk Impact of Some Nigerian Poly-Herbal Formulations
Authors: Ogidi Odangowei Inetiminebi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess the presence of potentially harmful substances in specific Nigerian poly-herbal formulations and to evaluate the associated health risks by calculating their carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic indices. Four poly-herbal formulations were acquired at random from Cynflac Pharmacy in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State.The samples underwent wet digestion for analysis, and the presence of potentially harmful components was assessed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The human health risk associated with the administration of the analysed poly-herbal formulations was evaluated by computing non-carcinogenic estimated daily intake (EDI), Target hazard quotients (THQ), and Hazard Index (HI), as well as carcinogenic risks. The concentrations of potentially harmful elements ranged from 0.036 to 0.26 mg/kg for Cd, 0.003 to 0.54 mg/kg for Cr, 0.37 to 0.52 mg/kg for Ni, 0.13 to 1.5 mg/kg for Cu, 0.002 to 1.4 mg/kg for Pb, 0.43 to 2.8 mg/kg for Zn, 0.54 to 0.86 mg/kg for Mn, and 4.4 to 6.5 mg/kg for Fe. Nevertheless, Nickel was not identified in the Rz and Jn poly-herbal formulations. The investigation indicated that the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were within the permitted limits set by the World Health Organisation (WHO). The concentrations of Ni (Gk and Yy), Mn, and Fe were found to exceed the permitted limits set by the World Health Organisation (WHO). From a perspective of human health, the evaluations of non-carcinogenic risk were found to be within acceptable limits and were lower than 1. However, the evaluation of carcinogenic risk revealed that a majority of the samples of the poly-herbal formulation exceeded the average incremental lifetime cancer risk of 10 − 4. According to the findings of this study, consuming these poly-herbal formulations may provide a cancer-causing health risk to the consumer. Hence, it is imperative to implement a consistent and rigorous regulatory oversight to guarantee the safety of poly-herbal formulations and consumers in Nigeria.
Targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in a hypoxidative stress model of age-related macular degeneration protects RPE cells from cell death and metabolic dysregulation
Authors: Henning Yoshiyuki , Schubert Annika , Silva Maria Lobo Barbosa da , Ambrock Tabea , Terosian Orbel , Malyshkina Anna , Padberg Claudia , Larafa Safa , Matschke Johann , Fandrey Joachim 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Although age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common blinding disease in the elderly population, there are still many unknowns in the pathophysiology of this disease. This is also reflected by a lack of convincing treatment options against the most common subtype, dry AMD. Oxidative stress and hypoxia in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are hallmarks of dry AMD. Previously, we have shown that a combination of these two risk factors, i.e. hypoxidative stress, exacerbates RPE cell death by ferroptosis. Hypoxia leads to stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), key regulators of cellular adaptation to hypoxic conditions. In the present study, we have therefore investigated the roles of HIF-1 and HIF-2 on RPE cell death in a human RPE cell line under hypoxidative stress. For this purpose, we conducted siRNA-mediated knockdowns of the α-subunits of HIF-1 and HIF-2. We found that especially iron metabolism was affected by HIF-1α silencing, resulting in decreased iron levels and ferroptosis susceptibility. Surprisingly, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) contributed to cell death. We also observed that cell metabolism, which is usually impaired in AMD RPE cells, was improved by HIF-1α silencing. Furthermore, we identified an FDA-approved small molecule inhibitor, Vorinostat, to fully rescue RPE cells from hypoxidative stress-induced cell death. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of considering targeted HIF inhibition as a promising approach for treating dry AMD and RPE degeneration.
Emotion Classification In-Context in Spanish
Authors: Thapa Bipul , Cofre Gabriel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates the classification of customer feedback into emotions and examines document clustering to uncover themes within the feedback in Spanish using advanced NLP techniques, ML models, and Deep Learning embedding. We evaluate Logistic Regression, custom Neural Networks (cNN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models. Our experiments reveal that Logistic Regression and cNN achieve average accuracies of 97.13% and 98%, respectively, on the training set, and 85.17% and 86.12% on the test set. Various SVM kernels with two principal components (PCAs) resulted in training accuracies of 64.11%, 66.51%, 67.22%, and 46.29% for the linear, polynomial, RBF, and sigmoid kernels, respectively, and corresponding test accuracies of 62.20%, 62.20%, 64.11%, and 44.02%. A grid search identified the RBF kernel with C = 0.5 and γ = 10 as having the highest training and test accuracies of 66.51% and 64.59%. Using a 3-PCA SVM approach, training accuracies for the linear, polynomial, RBF, and sigmoid kernels were 66.63%, 66.39%, 70.93%, and 61.60%, and test accuracies were 62.68%, 63.64%, 70.33%, and 60.77%. The RBF kernel with C = 10 and γ = 1 achieved the highest training and test accuracies of 69.86% and 70.81%. These findings highlight the complexity of emotion classification in Spanish and demonstrate the potential for high accuracy using these models.
From National to Local: A Comprehensive Vulnerability Assessment Framework for Climate Change Adaptation in Bhutan
Authors: Waiba Tashi Norbu , Dorji Yonten 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Climate change has evolved into a dire global crisis, affecting communities and nations worldwide. Bhutan, a small landlocked country in the fragile eastern Himalayas, faces significant challenges due to climate change. To effectively plan for climate change adaptation, it is crucial to assess local vulnerabilities and understand community-specific needs at a finer spatial level. National-level studies often fail to capture the location specificity of smaller areas, highlighting the need for localized assessments. Therefore, this study focuses on the climate change vulnerability assessment of nine Southwestern districts in Bhutan. It integrates quantitative analysis with qualitative information obtained from primary field surveys. The primary objective is to mainstream climate change adaptation and mitigation measures into the developmental plans of these districts based on this detailed vulnerability assessment. Another key objective is to prioritize adaptation strategies for enhancing community resilience in areas highly vulnerable to climate change. The study assesses communities' exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity using 40 indicators (six for exposure, 14 for sensitivity, and 20 for adaptive capacity) to compute vulnerability indexes. The results indicate that Dagana (-0.72) and Sarpang (-0.71) districts are the most vulnerable, due to their high exposure and sensitivity. Conversely, Tsirang (-0.35), Thimphu (-0.36), and Haa (-0.38) districts are less vulnerable, attributed to higher adaptive capacity. The study recommends incorporating climate change adaptation and mitigation measures into district development plans. Prioritizing adaptation strategies based on district-specific vulnerabilities is essential for enhancing community resilience. This research contributes to informed decision-making and effective climate change adaptation in Bhutan.
Co-migration of hundreds of species over metres drives selection and promotes non-motile hitchhikers
Authors: Grigson Susanna , Hutton Abbey , Carlson-Jones Jessica , Paterson James , Giles Sarah , Harker Clarice , Grigson Amelia , Annells Amy , Roach Michael , Speck Peter , Edwards Robert , Mitchell James 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Prokaryotes dominate the biosphere and form diverse communities disrupted by invasion. Invaders and remaining community members experience resource surfeit, competition, and selective pressures. Little is known about invasion in natural microbial communities. We examined invasion by chemotaxis in a meso-tube system at taxonomic, functional, and genomic levels as communities sank, rose, and formed a chemotactic band that migrated for metres. The band velocity increased as the community migrated despite non-motile bacterial hitchhikers and up to 10⁶ viruses/ml. Migrating communities left complex residual communities in their wake, showing dynamic taxonomic composition and adaptation through increased migration-associated genes. Approximately 500 species migrated together, competing for dominance. This system offers a superior method for studying band and residual community dynamics, bacterial hitchhiking, viral transport, gene evolution, and survival strategies, revealing cohesive communities that persist over extended distances. Our methods and results provide an experimental foundation for investigating microbial invasion in multiple ecological settings.
Enhancing Supply Chain Visibility and Performance: A Review of Industry 4.0 Enablers
Authors: Emon Md Mehedi Hasan , Khan Tahsina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This systematic review investigates the implications of Industry 4.0 technologies on supply chain visibility and operational efficiency. The primary aim is to discern the impact of technological integration on contemporary supply chain dynamics.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A comprehensive search strategy identified 67 pertinent studies published between 2015 and 2023. The review adheres to systematic methodologies, employing the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme framework for quality assessment. Data synthesis incorporates qualitative and quantitative analyses to distill key themes and patterns.
Findings: The review unveils the pivotal role of information visibility in fortifying supply chain outcomes, emphasizing the need for a dual investment strategy encompassing technological solutions and a collaborative organizational culture. Regional variations in supply chain practices, insights from humanitarian supply chains, and the influence of environmental factors on agility broaden the understanding of Industry 4.0 implications.
Research Limitations/Implications: The study acknowledges limitations in the geographical focus of the included studies and the evolving nature of Industry 4.0 technologies. These considerations prompt a call for ongoing research to capture emerging trends and global nuances.
Practical Implications: Organizations are urged to adopt a context-specific, adaptive approach, recognizing the significance of intangible assets and tailoring strategies to local contexts for optimal supply chain performance.
Originality/Value: This systematic review contributes a nuanced understanding of Industry 4.0's transformative potential in supply chain management, emphasizing the interplay between technology, organizational culture, and regional contexts.
A New Approach of a Path Tracking System of a Differential Drive Robot for An Arbitrary Set of Waypoints Using Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Asham Amin Danial 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Autonomous differential-drive robots are typically controlled to follow a desired path. This path may be defined by a continuous curve or set of waypoints. A few studies have examined cases in which a path is defined by an arbitrary set of waypoints. This paper introduces a new approach to a path-tracking system for an arbitrary set of waypoints using a sliding mode control (SMC) system. This approach is based on the nonlinear kinematic model of the tracking error derived in this study for a differential-drive robot. Based on the derived error model, a sliding mode controller is introduced to drive the tracking error to zero. The stability of the system was also investigated. In addition, the effects of robot dynamics were incorporated into the proposed controller without prior knowledge of the exact parameters of the robot. Simulations were conducted to compare the proposed control system with a widely used approach to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller. The proposed technique was verified through real-time experimental tests using a differential drive robot.
Relationship between Social Media and Body Dysmorphia - Meta-analysis
Authors: J Monisha , AS Niyathi , Anthony Madalaimuthu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The current research aimed to study the relationship between social media and body dysmorphia. This paper adopted a systematic review process to synthesize existing studies published in peer-reviewed journals, from the Pub Med and Google Scholar search engines. Social media and body dysmorphia were used as keywords to conduct a systematic search. The inclusion criteria required the study to be quantitative and include sample size and correlation coefficient, which were based on the selection of research articles from 2013–2023. Qualitative studies or articles lacking correlation coefficients were excluded. After refining the articles, 20 studies were exported to Jamovi, using the MAJOR module, and a meta-analysis was carried out. The PRISMA model was used for sample selection to report the study process and findings. The analysis revealed that social media and body dysmorphia were positively related to heterogeneous effect size. The study also revealed that self-objectification, compulsive online behaviour, and body dysmorphia were significantly related. Further research is required for screening assessment techniques, emphasizing the necessity for body image and media literacy initiatives to address the influence of social media.
Fundamental Laws and Quantum Dynamics
Authors: Stefanescu Eliade 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Recently, we obtained a unitary theory of quantum mechanics and general
relativity, where a quantum particle is a continuous distribution of matter in the two conjugate
spaces of the coordinates and momentum, quantized by the equality of the mass parameter describing
the relativistic dynamics of the matter, with the mass as an integral of the matter density.
However, in this framework, we have not explicitly revealed the connection between our new theory
and the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics.

Methods:
We analyzed in detail the three fundamental laws of quantum mechanics, explicitly describing
experimental data: 1) Planck’s law of the blackbody electromagnetic radiation of a system
of electrically charged harmonic oscillators, 2) Einstein’s law of the photon energy proportionality
with the photon frequency, and 3) de Broglie’s law of the quantum particle as an oscillator
in space.

Results:
We reobtained the two dynamical equations, in the conjugate spaces of the coordinates
and momentum, as functions of the Lagrangian system, unlike the Schrödinger equation, depending
on the Hamiltonian.

Conclusion:
According to the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics, a quantum particle is a
continuous distribution of matter with an intrinsic mass, unlike the conventional quantum mechanics
for the state occupation probabilities of punctual entities moving with the light velocity and
getting an apparent mass only by collisions with some bosons pervading the whole universe. According
to these laws, we obtained a quantum theory in agreement with common sense, classical
logic, and general relativity.
Introducing and Evaluating the Effectiveness of Online Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Gambling Disorder in Routine Addiction Care: Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Molander Olof , Berman Anne H , Jakobson Miriam , Gajecki Mikael , Hällström Hanna , Ramnerö Jonas , Bjureberg Johan , Carlbring Per , Lindner Philip 
Published: September 2024

Background
Several treatment-related challenges exist for gambling disorder, in particular at-scale dissemination in health care settings.

Objective
This study describes the introduction of a newly developed internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) program for gambling disorder (GD), provided with therapist support in routine addiction care, in a nationally recruited sample in Sweden. The study details the introduction of the iCBT program, evaluates its effectiveness and acceptability, and compares registry outcomes among iCBT patients with other patients with GD at the clinic who received face-to-face psychological treatment as usual.

Methods
The study site was the Stockholm Addiction eClinic, which offers digital interventions for addictive disorders in routine care. The iCBT program was introduced nationally for treatment-seeking patients through the Swedish eHealth platform. After approximately 2 years of routine treatment provision, we conducted a registry study, including ordinary patients in routine digital care (n=218), and a reference sample receiving face-to-face psychological treatment for GD (n=216).

Results
A statistically significant reduction in the Gambling Symptom Assessment Scale scores during the treatment was observed (B=–1.33, SE=0.17, P<.001), corresponding to a large within-group Cohen d effect size of d=1.39. The iCBT program was rated high for satisfaction. A registry-based survival analysis, controlling for psychiatric comorbidity, showed that patients receiving iCBT exhibited posttreatment outcomes (re-engagement in outpatient addiction care, receiving new psychiatric prescriptions, enrollment in psychiatric inpatient care, and care events indicative of contact with social services) similar to comparable patients who underwent face-to-face treatment-as-usual.

Conclusions
A lack of randomized allocation notwithstanding, the iCBT program for GD evaluated in this study was well-received by patients in routine addiction care, was associated with the expected symptom decrease during treatment, and appears to result in posttreatment registry outcomes similar to face-to-face treatment. Future studies on treatment mechanisms and moderators are warranted.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.1186/s40814-020-00647-5