bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heritability of Antisocial Behavior
Authors: Kretschmer Tina , DeLisi Matt 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis chapter reviews important strands of research on the heritability of antisocial behavior and crime, including both quantitative genetic studies using twin or adoption designs as well as molecular genetic approaches. Study designs are introduced and findings discussed. Contemporary avenues including gene-environment interplay and developmental models are presented. Overall it is concluded that a significant amount of variance in antisocial behavior and crime is attributable to genetic factors but conclusive knowledge on involvement of specific genes still absent. We conclude with a discussion of usage of genetic information in the criminal justice system and note future tasks for the field of bio-criminology.
Technologies of Knowledge
Authors: Totelin Laurence M.V. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This article presents an overview of the main questions in the history of Greek and Roman pharmacology and botany. It presents the actors in the transmission of pharmacological and botanical knowledge in antiquity and discusses how they established their authority through claims to expertise and effective treatments. It shows that much of that transmission occurred orally, and that attitudes toward the written word in general, and recipes in particular, were ambivalent. Next the article examines the question of efficacy from a cross-cultural and anthropological point of view. It notes that the notion of efficacy is culturally bound and asks whether it is possible to use ancient texts for bioprospecting, that is, to find “new” remedies. It calls for more collaborative studies involving historians, scientific archaeologists, and (ethno)-pharmacists.
A Complication Analysis of 2 Acellular Dermal Matrices in Prosthetic-based Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Keifer Orion P. , Page Eugenia K. , Hart Alexandra , Rudderman Randall , Carlson Grant W. , Losken Albert 
Published: July 2016

Background:
Acellular dermal matrices (ADM) are now routine in postmastectomy prosthetic-based breast reconstruction. The goal of the current study was to compare the complications of 2 ADM products—AlloDerm and Cortiva.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of prosthetic-based breast reconstruction in Atlanta, Ga., over 5 years. Inclusion criteria were the use of the ADM types (AlloDerm or Cortiva) and use of a tissue expander or implant. Statistical analysis compared group demographics, risk factors, and early complications.

Results:
Of the 298 breast reconstructions, 174 (58.4%) used AlloDerm and 124 (41.6%) used Cortiva. There was no difference in overall complication frequency (16 AlloDerm and 18 Cortiva; P = 0.195). Within specific categories, there was a difference in mastectomy skin flap necrosis, but, based on further regression analysis, this was attributable to differences in body mass index (P = 0.036). Furthermore, there were no differences in the rates of infection (6 AlloDerm and 5 Cortiva; P = 1.0), seroma/hematoma (9 AlloDerm and 7 Cortiva; P = 1.0), or drain duration (13.2 day AlloDerm and 14.2 day Cortiva, P = 0.2). By using a general estimating equation for binomial logistical regression, it was found that only current tobacco use (P = 0.033) was a significant predictor for a complication. Trending predictors were body mass index (P = 0.074) and age (P = 0.093). The type of matrix was not a significant predictor for any of the recorded complication (P = 0.160).

Conclusions:
Although AlloDerm is well established, we have shown that Cortiva has an equivalent complication frequency. Future work will focus on long-term outcome measures and histological evaluation of vascularization and integration.
Reducing Wound Tension with Undermining or Imbrication—Do They Work?
Authors: Krishnan Naveen M. , Brown Benjamin J. , Davison Steven P. , Mauskar Neil , Mino Matthew , Jordan Marion H. , Shupp Jeffrey W. 
Published: July 2016

Background:
For the noncolonized wound, achieving tension-free, primary wound closure is ideal. Some surgeons advocate imbrication of deeper tissues rather than undermining, posing that imbrication preserves more dermal perfusion while still reducing tension at the wound edge. We sought to determine which technique most reliably reduced wound tension while preserving dermal wound perfusion.

Methods:
A total of 5 standardized, symmetrical pairs of full thickness wounds were created on Duroc swine. Wound tension was measured with a Tyrolean tensiometer before and after either method of closure, whereas a speckle contrast imager was used to assess dermal edge perfusion. Skin tension and dermal perfusion were evaluated for statistical significance via paired t tests and a multivariate analysis of variance.

Results:
There was a significant reduction in wound tension with undermining and imbrication relative to the raw wound tension (5 and 5.9 vs 7.1 N; P < 0.05) yet no significant difference between methods of closure (P > 0.05). There was a significant reduction in dermal perfusion between unwounded skin and the imbricated wound (222 perfusion units [PU] vs 48 PU; P < 0.05) and between the unwounded skin and the undermined wound (205 vs 63 PU; P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
We found no significant difference in wound tension between wound undermining or imbrication and a significant decrease in dermal perfusion after imbrication and undermining although the relative decrease in perfusion was greater with imbrication. Wound undermining reduces skin tension with greater relative dermal perfusion to the skin and should be selected over wound imbrication in standard primary wound closure.
Breast Augmentation after Conservation Surgery and Radiation Therapy
Authors: Lam Thomas , Salinas James , Hsieh Frank , Boyages John 
Published: July 2016

Background:
There is a paucity of data regarding outcomes for patients undergoing breast augmentation with implants after breast conservation surgery (BCS) and radiotherapy. This retrospective study examined outcomes for patients with breast implant-only augmentation after BCS and radiotherapy.

Methods:
Between June 1998 and December 2010, 671 women underwent prosthetic breast reconstruction. Nineteen patients (2.8%) underwent an augmentation after BCS and radiotherapy. The mean age was 55.8 years (range, 40–69 years). Sixteen of these patients underwent one-stage implant-only breast augmentation, whereas 3 patients underwent two-stage expander and then implant augmentation.

Results:
All surgeries were successful. The average size of breast implant used was 258.7 g. Seven patients also received contralateral augmentation with an average implant size of 232.2 g. One patient received oral antibiotics for minor wound infection. Patients were judged to have an excellent (14/19; 73.7%), good (3/19; 15.8%), or fair (2/19; 10.5%) cosmetic result.

Conclusion:
The breasts of selected patients with breast cancer after BCS and radiotherapy. with asymmetry can be adequately augmented with breast implants alone.
The value of adding ambient energy feedback to conservation tips and goal-setting in a dormitory
Authors: Karp Abigail , McCauley Michelle , Byrne Jack 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
The majority of research on energy feedback has been conducted in residential households; in this study, the authors aim to examine the effectiveness of similar initiatives in a college environment. The our goal was to see how much additional electricity savings could be induced using feedback beyond average savings achieved by goal-setting and to provide students information on how to conserve.

Design/methodology/approach
All participants set goals related to personal environmental behavior and received electricity-saving tips. Half of the participants were exposed to real-time, group-level, ambient and direct feedback of electric use for their dormitory floor through an iPad display. The control group received no feedback.

Findings
The group that received the real-time feedback reduced its consumption, whereas the control group did not. The feedback group’s change in consumption was significantly greater than the control group’s. The results are discussed in the context of injunctive norms, reminders, ambient feedback and numerical feedback, as well as the theory of planned behavior.

Research limitations/implications
Further research could test for long-term effects, whether the interventions applied in this study would be effective in other university contexts and whether the interventions would influence other environmental habits apart from electricity consumption on campuses.

Originality/value
This is one of the first energy feedback studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of group-level data, let alone specifically in a college dormitory and has implications for influencing conservation behavior of residential college students worldwide.
Effect of ursolic acid in attenuating chronic constriction injury‐induced neuropathic pain in rats
Authors: Bhat Rafia A. , Lingaraju Madhu C. , Pathak Nitya N. , Kalra Jaspreet , Kumar Dhirendra , Kumar Dinesh , Tandan Surendra K. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractUrsolic acid (UA; 3b‐hydroxy‐12‐urs‐12‐en‐28‐oic acid), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid, has been known to possess potent anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and antinociceptive effects in various animal models. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the antihyperalgesic, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of UA at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of doses via per os (p.o.) route for 14 days in chronic constriction injury (CCI)‐induced neuropathic pain in rats. Pain behavior in rats was evaluated before and after UA administration via mechanical and heat hyperalgesia. CCI caused significant increase in levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and oxido‐nitrosative stress. In addition, significant increase in myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, nitric oxide (NO), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels in sciatic nerve and spinal cord concomitant with mechanical and heat hyperalgesia is also noted for CCI‐induced neuropathic pain. Administration of UA significantly reduced the increased levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and TOS. Further, reduced glutathione is also restored by UA. UA also showed in vitro NO and superoxide radical scavenging activity. UA has a potential in attenuating neuropathic pain behavior in CCI model which may possibly be attributed to its anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Incontinentia Pigmenti with Persistent Hypercalcemia: Case Report
Authors: Adashek Jacob , Mu Weiyi , Francis Jacquelyn , Cohen Bernard , Pruette Cozumel , Grossberg Annie , Bodurtha Joann 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIncontinentia pigmenti (IP) is an X‐linked dominant disorder that in most cases is considered lethal in males. IP affects the skin, hair, teeth, nails, eyes, and central nervous system. We report a case of persistent hypercalcemia (10.6–11.3 mg/dL) in a 19‐month‐old Caucasian boy with clinical IP. The proposed mechanism for his hypercalcemia is discussed.
Tough love: The behavior control justice motive facilitates forgiveness in valued relationships
Authors: STRELAN PETER , VAN PROOIJEN JAN‐WILLEM 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWhen individuals in valued relationships are transgressed against, how are they able to protect the relationship while at the same time restore justice for themselves? Study 1 (N = 137) employed a recall design to demonstrate that when victims restore justice, the well‐established association between relationship value and forgiveness can be explained indirectly through a motivation to control future behavior. Studies 2 (N = 122) and 3 (N = 115) replicated this finding using experimental designs, manipulating two distinct facets of valued relationships: the fact that they are continuing and close. There were no indirect effects for two alternative justice motives, just deserts and revenge. We discuss implications for relations between justice and forgiveness in the context of interpersonal relationships.
Simultaneous or sequential gastrectomy in pediatric liver transplant recipients
Authors: Roda Karina M. O. , Fonseca Eduardo A. , Candido Helry L. , Benavides Marcel R. , Afonso Rogerio C. , Pugliese Renata , Vincenzi Rodrigo , Chapchap Paulo , Seda Neto Joao 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe association between LT and gastrectomy is not common. Only two studies reported the gastrectomy/LT association in children. Here, we report three children who underwent LT who required a concomitant or sequential gastrectomy for different reasons. Patient 1, a 16‐yr‐old boy, during the LT, underwent a partial gastrectomy due to extensive injury to the duodenum. He had a previous and unusual portoenterostomy performed in the duodenum. Bowel reconstruction was performed using an intestinal loop that was first used for the bilio‐enteric anastomosis and then connected to the gastric stump. Patient 2, a 22‐month‐old female child, underwent a partial gastrectomy with a Roux‐en‐Y reconstruction during a retransplantation. She had a large perforated gastric ulcer blocked by the allograft liver. Patient 3, a 26‐month‐old male child, five yr after living donor LT, was submitted to a partial gastrectomy because of gastric outlet obstruction. The histopathology was compatible with eosinophilic gastritis. The association between LT and gastrectomy in the pediatric population is extremely rare. Appropriate knowledge of the previous transplantation technique is very important. Further studies are required to assess the outcomes of the different types of gastric reconstruction in pediatric recipients.
Impact of coronary collaterals on in-hospital and 5-year mortality after ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention era: a prospective observational study
Authors: Hara Masahiko , Sakata Yasuhiko , Nakatani Daisaku , Suna Shinichiro , Nishino Masami , Sato Hiroshi , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Nanto Shinsuke , Hori Masatsugu , Komuro Issei 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesTo evaluate the short-term and long-term prognostic impacts of acute phase coronary collaterals to occluded infarct-related arteries (IRA) after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) era.DesignA prospective observational study.SettingOsaka Acute Coronary Insufficiency Study (OACIS) in Japan.Participants3340 patients with STEMI from the OACIS database who were admitted to hospitals within 24 hours from the onset and who had a completely occluded IRA.InterventionsPatients were divided into 4 groups according to the Rentrop collateral score (RCS) by angiography on admission (RCS-0, no visible collaterals; RCS-1, collaterals without IRA filling; RCS-2, collaterals with partial IRA filling; and RCS-3, collaterals with complete IRA filling).Primary outcome measuresIn-hospital and 5-year mortality.ResultsPatients with RCS-0/3 were older than patients with RCS-1/2, and the prevalence of previous myocardial infarction was highest in patients with RCS-3. Median peak creatinine phosphokinase levels decreased as RCS increases (p<0.001), suggesting the acute cardioprotective effects of collaterals. Although RCS-1 and RCS-2 collaterals were associated with better in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 0.48, p=0.046 and 0.38, p=0.010 for RCS-1 and RCS-2, respectively) and 5-year mortality (adjusted HR 0.53, p=0.004 and 0.46, p<0.001 for RCS-1 and RCS-2, respectively) as compared with R-0, presence of RCS-3 collaterals was not associated with improved in-hospital (adjusted OR 1.35, p=0.331) and 5-year mortality (adjusted HR 0.98, p=0.920), possibly because worse clinical profiles in patients with RCS-3 may mask mortality benefit of coronary collaterals.ConclusionsPresence of acute phase coronary collaterals such as RCS-1 and RCS-2 were associated with better in-hospital and 5-year mortality after STEMI in the contemporary PCI era.
Pasolini crítico italiano
Authors: Amoroso Maria Betânia 
Published: July 2016

Pasolini é conhecido como o intelectual mais polêmico da Itália contemporânea. Essa marcada característica crítica se encontra também na sua maneira particular de fazer crítica literária. O artigo analisa as resenhas literárias publicadas em Descrizioni di descrizioni com o intuito de traçar, em linhas gerais, o pensamento crítico de Pasolini em literatura.
Family structure, parent-child conversation time and substance use among Chinese adolescents
Authors: Mak Kwok-Kei , Ho Sai-Yin , Thomas G Neil , Schooling C Mary , McGhee Sarah M , Lam Tai-Hing 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background
The family plays a vital role in shaping adolescent behaviours. The present study investigated the associations between family structure and substance use among Hong Kong Chinese adolescents.

Methods
A total of 32,961 Form 1 to 5 (grade 7-12 in the US) Hong Kong students participated in the Youth Smoking Survey in 2003-4. An anonymous questionnaire was used to obtain information about family structure, daily duration of parent-child conversation, smoking, alcohol drinking and drug use. Logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (OR) for each substance use by family structure.

Results
Adjusting for sex, age, type of housing, parental smoking and school, adolescents from non-intact families were significantly more likely to be current smokers (OR = 1.62), weekly drinkers (OR = 1.72) and ever drug users (OR = 1.72), with significant linear increases in ORs from maternal, paternal to no-parent families compared with intact families. Furthermore, current smoking (OR = 1.41) and weekly drinking (OR = 1.46) were significantly more common among adolescents from paternal than maternal families. After adjusting for parent-child conversation time, the ORs for non-intact families remained significant compared with intact families, but the paternal-maternal differences were no longer significant.

Conclusions
Non-intact families were associated with substance use among Hong Kong Chinese adolescents. The apparently stronger associations with substance use in paternal than maternal families were probably mediated by the poorer communication with the father.
Infection status and risk factors of HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis among drug users in Guangdong, China - a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wu Jie , Huang Jinying , Xu Duorong , Lu Ciyong , Deng Xueqing , Zhou Xiaolan 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background
China has witnessed a remarkable increase in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV. The study is to assess the prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis and related risk factors among drug users in mandatory detoxification center Qingyuan, Guangdong, China.

Method
A cross-sectional study on drug use behaviors, sex behaviors, and presence of antibodies to HIV, HCV, Treponema pallidum, and surface antigen of HBV (HBsAg) was conducted among drug users recruited from 3 detoxification centers in Qingyuan, Guangdong, China. Risk factors for each of four infections were analyzed with logistic regression model.

Results
A total of 740 subjects were recruited, the median age was 31 years old (range 24-38). The seroprevalence rates of HIV, HBsAg, HCV and syphilis were 4.6%, 19.3%, 71.6% and 12.6%, respectively. Risk factors for HIV were intravenous drug use and co-infection with syphilis. Having a regular sexual partner who was a drug user was considered to be a risk factor for HBV. Intravenous drug use was a risk factor for HCV. However, the consistent use of condoms with commercial sex partners was protective for HCV infection. Compared to drug users living in urban area, those living in rural areas were more likely to be infected with syphilis, and there was an association between commercial sex and syphilis.

Conclusion
The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis were high among drug users in detoxification centers in Qingyuan, thus, risk reduction programs for the drug user population is urgently required.
Shallow near-surface effects
Authors: Krohn Christine E. , Murray Thomas J. 
Published: July 2016

The top 6 m of the near surface has a surprisingly large effect on the behavior of P- and S-waves. For unconsolidated sediments, the P-wave velocity gradient and attenuation can be quite large. Computer modeling should include these properties to accurately reproduce seismic effects of the near surface. We have used reverse VSP data and computer simulations to demonstrate the following effects for upgoing P-waves. Near the surface, we have observed a large time delay, indicating low velocity ([Formula: see text]), and considerable pulse broadening, indicating high attenuation ([Formula: see text]). Consequently, shallowly buried geophones have greater high-frequency bandwidth compared with surface geophones. In addition, there is a large velocity gradient in the shallow near surface (factor of 10 in 5 m), resulting in the rotation of P-waves to the vertical with progressively smaller amplitudes recorded on horizontal phones. Finally, we have found little indication of a reflection or ghost from the surface, although downgoing reflections have been observed from interfaces within the near surface. In comparison, the following have been observed for upgoing S-waves: There is a small increase in the time delay or pulse broadening near the surface, indicating a smaller velocity gradient and less change in attenuation. In addition, the surface reflection coefficient is nearly one with a prominent surface ghost.
Sacred Symbols, Public Memory, and the Great Agnostic: Robert Ingersoll Remembers the Civil War
Authors: Stob Paul 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In the decades after the Civil War, countless Americans saw the bloody conflict as some kind of message from God. These perceptions created a problem for the preeminent Republican orator of the day, Robert Ingersoll, who was also a fierce opponent of revealed religion. In speaking for the Republican Party during Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, Ingersoll managed to interact successfully with religiously structured memories of the war while maintaining his reputation as the Great Agnostic. This essay explores how he was able to do so. Drawing on Kenneth Burke’s work on the rhetoric of religion, I argue that Ingersoll interacted with Civil War memory by redirecting supernatural terms to natural and sociopolitical contexts. In so doing he imbued political culture with a sacred character that allowed believers, nonbelievers, and people of various persuasions to participate in memories of the war. In the end, Ingersoll’s oratory modeled a “pluralistic civil religion,” which employs religious language for civic ends but eschews references to the divine as a way of accommodating a range of beliefs.
A characterization of the rate of change ofФ-entropy via an integral form curvature-dimension condition
Authors: Luo Dejun 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Let M be a compact Riemannian manifold without boundary and V : M → ℝ a smooth function. Denote by Pt
and dμ = eV dx the semigroup and symmetric measure of the second order differential operator L = ∆ + ∇V · ∇. For some suitable convex function Ф :𝓙 → ℝ defined on an interval 𝓙, we consider the Ф-entropy of Ptf (with respect to μ) for any f ∈ C
∞
(M, 𝓙). We show that an integral form curvature-dimension condition is equivalent to an estimate on the rate of change of the Ф-entropy. We also generalize this result to bounded smooth domains of a complete Riemannian manifold.