bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of particle size of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) on barrier property against agglomeration of homogenized microcrystalline cellulose (HMCC) in iPP/HMCC composites
Authors: Xu Ning , Ding Enyong , Xue Feng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIsotactic polypropylene (iPP) powders were treated by a colloid mill for different times to obtain a series of particle sizes ranging from 682 μm to 89 μm. The relative crystallinity degree index (Xc, %) calculated by X-ray diffraction, and the initial degradation temperature measured by thermogravimetry, were all reduced after the milling process, which revealed that the structure of iPP molecular chains was destroyed during the powerful shearing and friction action. Furthermore, the increasing melt flow rate (MFR) index indicated that the molecular weight of iPP had reduced during the mechanical treatment. Scanning electron micrographs showed the inevitable agglomeration of homogenized microcrystalline cellulose (HMCC) fibers after being dried directly without iPP powders. However, the addition of achieved superfine iPP powders presented a good barrier property against the agglomeration phenomenon and consequent improvement in mechanical performance of the iPP/HMCC composites.
Monolithic substrate support catalyst design considerations for steam methane reforming operation
Authors: Baharudin Luqmanulhakim , Watson Matthew James 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This paper reviews the research undertaken to study the design criteria that address the monolithic support structure requirements in steam reforming operation for the effective mass transfer of process gases to the active sites and effective conductive heat transfer through tube wall to the active catalytic areas, as well as low pressure drop operation. Design considerations include selection of substrate materials that possess good mechanical strength to withstand the severe reaction conditions and prevent catalyst crushing that would lead to carbon formation and catalyst deactivation, and excessive heating of the tube that results in hot spots which is fatal to tube lifetime. The support’s mechanical properties are listed for the purpose of providing guidelines on verifying the structure durability. The practical aspect of packaging and stacking the monolith structures in the reformer tube for ease of loading and discharge is discussed to understand its readiness in industrial application.
Skeletal muscle metabolism during prolonged exercise in Pompe disease
Authors: Preisler Nicolai , Laforêt Pascal , Madsen Karen Lindhardt , Husu Edith , Vissing Christoffer Rasmus , Hedermann Gitte , Galbo Henrik , Lindberg Christopher , Vissing John 
Published: May 2017

Objective
Pompe disease (glycogenosis type II) is caused by lysosomal alpha-glucosidase deficiency, which leads to a block in intra-lysosomal glycogen breakdown. In spite of enzyme replacement therapy, Pompe disease continues to be a progressive metabolic myopathy. Considering the health benefits of exercise, it is important in Pompe disease to acquire more information about muscle substrate use during exercise.

Methods
Seven adults with Pompe disease were matched to a healthy control group (1:1). We determined (1) peak oxidative capacity (VO2peak) and (2) carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism during submaximal exercise (33 W) for 1 h, using cycle-ergometer exercise, indirect calorimetry and stable isotopes.

Results
In the patients, VO2peak was less than half of average control values; mean difference −1659 mL/min (CI: −2450 to −867, P = 0.001). However, the respiratory exchange ratio increased to >1.0 and lactate levels rose 5-fold in the patients, indicating significant glycolytic flux. In line with this, during submaximal exercise, the rates of oxidation (ROX) of carbohydrates and palmitate were similar between patients and controls (mean difference 0.226 g/min (CI: 0.611 to −0.078, P = 0.318) and mean difference 0.016 µmol/kg/min (CI: 1.287 to −1.255, P = 0.710), respectively).

Conclusion
Reflecting muscle weakness and wasting, Pompe disease is associated with markedly reduced maximal exercise capacity. However, glycogenolysis is not impaired in exercise. Unlike in other metabolic myopathies, skeletal muscle substrate use during exercise is normal in Pompe disease rendering exercise less complicated for e.g. medical or recreational purposes.
The phenotype of SDHB germline mutation carriers: a nationwide study
Authors: Niemeijer Nicolasine D , Rijken Johannes A , Eijkelenkamp Karin , van der Horst-Schrivers Anouk N A , Kerstens Michiel N , Tops Carli M J , van Berkel Anouk , Timmers Henri J L M , Kunst Henricus P M , Leemans C René , Bisschop Peter H , Dreijerink Koen M A , van Dooren Marieke F , Bayley Jean-Pierre , Pereira Alberto M , Jansen Jeroen C , Hes Frederik J , Hensen Erik F , Corssmit Eleonora P M 
Published: May 2017

Objective
Succinate dehydrogenase B subunit (SDHB) gene germline mutations predispose to pheochromocytomas, sympathetic paragangliomas, head and neck paragangliomas and non-paraganglionic tumors (e.g. renal cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor and pituitary neoplasia). The aim of this study was to determine phenotypical characteristics of a large Dutch cohort of SDHB germline mutation carriers and assess differences in clinical phenotypes related to specific SDHB mutations.

Design
Retrospective descriptive study.

Methods
Retrospective descriptive study in seven academic centers.

Results
We included 194 SDHB mutation carriers consisting 65 (33.5%) index patients and 129 (66.5%) relatives. Mean age was 44.8 ± 16.0 years. Median duration of follow-up was 2.6 years (range: 0–36). Sixty persons (30.9%) carried the exon 3 deletion and 46 (23.7%) the c.423 + 1G > A mutation. Fifty-four mutation carriers (27.8%) had one or multiple head and neck paragangliomas, 4 (2.1%) had a pheochromocytoma and 26 (13.4%) had one or more sympathetic paragangliomas. Fifteen patients (7.7%) developed metastatic paraganglioma and 17 (8.8%) developed non-paraganglionic tumors. At study close, there were 111 (57.2%) unaffected mutation carriers. Statistical analyses showed no significant differences in the number and location of head and neck paragangliomas, sympathetic paragangliomas or pheochromocytomas, nor in the occurrence of metastatic disease or other tumors between carriers of the two founder SDHB mutations (exon 3 deletion vs c.423 + 1G > A).

Conclusions
In this nationwide study of disease-affected and unaffected SDHB mutation carriers, we observed a lower rate of metastatic disease and a relatively high number of head and neck paragangliomas compared with previously reported referral-based cohorts.
A táplálásterápia hatékonyságának vizsgálata gyulladásos bélbetegségben szenvedők gondozása során
Authors: Molnár Andrea , Csontos Ágnes Anna , Dakó Sarolta , Hencz Rita , Anton Dániel Áron , Pálfi Erzsébet , Miheller Pál 
Published: May 2017

Abstract: Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy. Aim: Investigating the efficacy of nutrition therapy. Method: Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period. Results: 205 patients were screened, 82 were malnourished. A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition. These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.). The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement. Conclusions: We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(19): 731–739.
Gyermekkori traumatizáció, disszociáció és szándékos fizikai önsértő viselkedés borderline személyiségzavarban
Authors: Merza Katalin , Harmatta János , Papp Gábor , Kuritárné Szabó Ildikó 
Published: May 2017

Abstract: Introduction: Childhood traumatization plays a significant role in the etiology of borderline personality disorder. Studies found a significant association between childhood traumatization, dissociation, and nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior. Aim: The aim of our study was to assess dissociation and nonsuicidal self-injury among borderline inpatients and to reveal the association between childhood traumatization, dissociation, and self-injurious behavior. Method: The sample consisted of 80 borderline inpatients and 73 depressed control patients. Childhood traumatization, dissociation and self-injurious behavior were assessed by questionnaires. Results: Borderline patients reported severe and multiplex childhood traumatization. Cumulative trauma score and sexual abuse were the strongest predictors of dissociation. Furthermore, we have found that cumulative trauma score and dissociation were highly predictive of self-injurious behavior. Conclusion: Our results suggest that self-injurious behavior and dissociation in borderline patients can be regarded as indicators of childhood traumatization. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(19): 740–747.
«Strange Means of Governing»: The Spanish Restoration in European Perspective (1813–1820)
Authors: Simal Juan Luis 
Published: May 2017

«Strange Means of Governing»: The Spanish Restoration in European Perspective (1813–1820) This article proposes a reassessment of the Spanish Restoration through a study of its connections with, and departures from, European post-war strategies. Dominating accounts focus on two intertwined narratives: the definitive displacement of Spain from the category of great power, and the political involution of King Ferdinand VII's reactionary monarchy. These aspects were highlighted by numerous contemporaries and have been considered by most historians, yet they would benefit from a reappraisal that is comparative and considers transnational entanglements. This article addresses whether the character of the Spanish Restoration differed from the processes that were experimented in other parts of Europe and, if so, what the consequences of its particular situation were both for Spain and the international order.
Respiratory morbidity in term neonates following elective caesarean section
Authors: Chunduri Sujatha , Avabrata Shreedhara 
Published: May 2017

Background: Cesarean sections continue to increase day by day in both developed and developing countries. The chances of respiratory morbidity are more in babies born by C-section compared to normal deliveries due to absence of squeezing of lung during delivery and also absence of changes in maternal-fetal hormonal milieu. As gestation progresses lung maturation improves and less chances of respiratory morbidity. The objective of this study is to determine respiratory morbidity and to correlate weeks of gestation and respiratory morbidity in term neonates following elective C- section.Methods: The records of babies born by elective C-section in Father Muller Medical College Hospital between 1st June 2015 to 31st May 2016 were reviewed data entered in predesigned proforma and analyzed.Results: A total 324 babies were included in the study, of which 89, 123, 77 and 35 babies were born in 37th, 38th, 39th and >40 weeks of gestation. 28 babies had developed respiratory morbidity requiring NICU admission. 17.6% of babies born in 37th week, 5.6% of 38th week, 5.1% of 39th week and 2.8% of babies born >40weeks had developed respiratory illness. Type of morbidity varied from tachypnea (89.2%), grunt (75%), needing CPAP (7%), needing mechanical ventilation (3.5%).Conclusions: This study suggests that respiratory morbidity increases in elective C-sections and as gestation progresses the respiratory morbidity decreases.
Periodontitis and Endothelial Dysfunction: Periodontal Clinical Parameters and Levels of Salivary Markers Interleukin‐1β, Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α, Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases‐2 Complex, and Nitric Oxide
Authors: Moura Marcela Faria , Navarro Túlio Pinho , Silva Tarcília Aparecida , Cota Luís Otávio Miranda , Soares Dutra Oliveira Alcione Maria , Costa Fernando Oliveira 
Published: May 2017

Background: Periodontitis has been associated with a greater risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACD). Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a parameter of early ACD, and its association with periodontitis has rarely been investigated to date. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between periodontitis and ED by means of periodontal clinical parameters and salivary markers interleukin (IL)‐1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, nitric oxide (NO), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)‐2 complex.Methods: Forty‐seven individuals were divided into two groups: 1) 24 individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP); and 2) 23 individuals without CP. Periodontal examinations of bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were performed. ED was evaluated by means of flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Salivary concentrations of IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and MMP‐2/TIMP‐2 complex were assessed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. NO determination was based on the reaction of Griess.Results: Individuals with CP presented higher occurrence of ED than individuals without CP (P = 0.03 after reactive hyperemia; P = 0.05 after sublingual nitrate). A significant association among the production of MMP‐2/TIMP‐2 complex with the presence of CP (P = 0.008) and periodontal parameters PD, CAL, and BOP was identified. Concentration of salivary markers IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and NO was similar in individuals with and without CP. A significant positive correlation between NO and ED was also identified.Conclusions: Periodontitis was positively associated with ED, expressed by a smaller percentage of FMD of the brachial artery and higher salivary levels of MMP‐2/TIMP‐2 complex. Additionally, salivary levels of NO were significantly associated with better functioning of the vascular endothelium.
ESTETIKA U FIHTEOVOJ FILOZOFIJI
Authors: RAJKOVIĆ MARICA 
Published: May 2017

Predmet istraživanja je problematizacija estetike u Fihteovoj filozofiji. Proces te problematizacije uključuje ključne estetičke pojmove najvažnijih predstavnika filozofije nemačkog idealizma, kao i Fihteov odnos prema toj temi. Problematizacija estetike u filozofiji nemačkog idealizma se u slučaju Fihtea mora fokusirati na tumačenje onog prećutanog, kao i na rasvetljavanje retkih eksplicitnih teza o estetici, umetnosti i lepom u Fihteovoj filozofiji.
ROMANTIZAM I ROMANTIČNA UMETNOST U HEGELOVOJ "ESTETICI"
Authors: VLAŠKI STANKO 
Published: May 2017

Izlaganje se vodi pitanjem o prirodi odnosa između Hegelovog poimanja romantične forme umetnosti kao umetnosti hrišćanskog sveta i njegove kritike centralnih aspekata poetike nemačkog romantizma kao duhovnog kretanja kojem je Hegel bio savremenik. Nakon poređenja Hegelovog i romantičarskog sagledavanja potrebe za umetnošću i osvrta na Hegelovu karakterizaciju romantične forme ideala, autor pokušava da ukaže na mogućnost da su osnovi poetike nemačkog romantizma, a pre svega romantičarska teorija ironije, za Hegela pojmljivi i kao hrišćanski i kao nedovoljno hrišćanski. Oni su hrišćanski utoliko što se u njima radikalizuje svest o granicama same umetničke forme, a nedovoljno hrišćanski zbog toga što poopštavaju ograničenost te forme i ne dopuštaju ono što za Hegela jeste više ozbiljenje duha.
Diaphyseal Tibial Soft-Tissue Mass After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sabeh Karim , Carter Aaron , Rosenberg Andrew E. , Robinson Raymond 
Published: May 2017

Case:
A 64-year-old woman had undergone bilateral total knee arthroplasty in 1998. In 2010, she presented with a large, painless, diaphyseal soft-tissue mass of the lower leg. She indicated that she had no history of knee pain, trauma, or infection. Ultimately, the mass was found to be a synovial fluid-filled cyst that communicated with the knee joint, which was a result of severe osteolysis.

Conclusion:
Large diaphyseal tibial masses in the presence of total knee arthroplasty should raise a high index of suspicion not only for tumors and infections, but also for severe osteolysis. Knowledge of the various ways that osteolysis can present as well as an appropriate workup will help to guide diagnosis and management.
Arthroscopic Repair of Subscapularis Tendon Tears
Authors: Plath Johannes E. , Henderson Daniel J.H. , Coquay Julien , Dück Klaus , Lafosse Laurent 
Published: May 2017

The subscapularis is the largest and strongest muscle of the rotator cuff, and it plays an essential role in global shoulder function. Beyond its primary function as an internal rotator, the subscapularis also acts to pull the humeral head posteriorly on the glenoid and is an important dynamic and static anterior stabilizer of the glenohumeral joint. In comparison with tears of the tendons of the rest of the rotator cuff, isolated tears of the subscapularis have a tendency for both early retraction and fatty infiltration. Consequently, full-thickness tears of the subscapularis tendon generally require surgical management.
Arthroscopic suture-anchor repair allows anatomic reconstruction of the anterior aspect of the rotator cuff, with all of the benefits of arthroscopic surgery. The principal steps of this procedure include (1) verifying the subscapularis tear and identifying any concomitant lesions during diagnostic arthroscopy, (2) exposing the subscapularis tendon, (3) releasing tendon adhesions and so enabling anatomic reduction, (4) placing suture anchors at the anatomic subscapularis footprint on the lesser tuberosity and anatomically repairing the subscapularis tendon to its anatomic insertion, and (5) performing biceps tenodesis or tenotomy, if indicated. Postoperatively, patients with an isolated subscapularis tear are managed with immobilization in a sling for 6 weeks, while those with combined anterosuperior rotator cuff tears are managed with an abduction pillow.
Arthroscopic subscapularis reconstruction provides a good structural repair, substantially restores shoulder mobility and strength, reduces pain, and results in high levels of patient satisfaction and return of shoulder function as measured by functional outcome scores.
Herbicides Increase Emission of Ammonia by Pearl Millet and Congo Grass
Authors: Pacheco L. C. P. S. , Damin V. , Pelosi A. P. , Ferreira K. R. S. , Trivelin P. C. O. 
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas
Post‐emergent herbicides application increase the emission of ammonia by cover crops.
Post‐emergent herbicides application on congo grass decrease the total N in the residues.
Glyphosate application on congo grass or pearl millet strongly reduces the total‐N content in the straw.
In previous works, we demonstrated that some herbicides could increase N losses from the soil–plant system under greenhouse conditions, but the N‐output pathways were not investigated. In this context, the aim of this work was to evaluate ammonia (NH3) emission by soil and plants and the total‐N accumulation in the straw following herbicide application to pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and congo grass (Urochloa ruziziensis). Two field experiments were conducted in a randomized block, with a factorial design and eight replicates per treatment. The treatments were: 1‐control: without herbicide application, 2‐ glyphosate, 3‐glufosinate‐ammonium, and 4‐paraquat. Periodic measurements of NH3 emission by plants or soil at 48‐h intervals were considered as repeated measurements. At the end of the experiment, the dry mass, ammonium (NH4+) in both plant tissues and soil, and total N in shoots were measured. All evaluated herbicides increased emission of NH3 by pearl millet and congo grass with net losses ranging from 1.5 to 7.0 kg ha−1 of NH3 after herbicide application, but soil NH3 emission was not affected. In congo grass, all herbicides reduced total N and dry mass content in plant tissues, but only the glyphosate herbicide reduced it in pearl millet. Herbicide usage increases emission of ammonia by plants and can decrease the total‐N accumulation in cover crop straw. Further research should be done to investigate how these ammonia losses and changes in total N from aboveground biomass affect crop production as well as the recommended N fertilizer application rates.
Effects of Vegetative Cool‐Season Grasses on Forage Removal by Dairy Heifers
Authors: Billman Eric D. , Goff Ben M. , Baldwin Brian S. , Prince Kelly , Phillips Tim D. 
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas
Grazing of vegetative swards results in forage removal trends contradictory to established paradigms.
Neutral detergent fiber, and water soluble carbohydrates did not impact forage removal in ways established by studies done on grass with varying maturity.
Conclude that species differences rather than cultivars drive forage removal in dairy cattle.
Identification of forage grasses that are more readily consumed than others during grazing is vital to determining traits that can be used by plant breeders to increase animal intake and digestibility. Producers can benefit from the identification of what species and cultivars are more readily consumed; thus increasing animal production. The objectives were to: (i) determine forage removal by dairy cattle of several species and cultivars of cool‐season forage grasses: orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.; eight cultivars), tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort; five cultivars], perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.; five cultivars), and festulolium [ × Festulolium braunii (K. Richt.) A. Camus; six cultivars]; and (ii) determine if forage nutritive value is correlated with forage removal by animals on vegetative pasture. Forage removal for species varied among seasons; orchardgrass and festulolium were consumed more in spring, while orchardgrass and tall fescue were consumed more in the summer, and species did not affect removal in the fall. Forage removal varied among cultivars. However, when comparing forage removal against neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), pre‐grazing herbage mass, sward height, and dry matter concentration, correlations did not adhere to the paradigm of fiber fraction being negatively correlated and nutrient components being positively correlated to forage removal. This indicated that other factors impact forage removal when animals graze completely vegetative swards.