bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cosmic-ray Induced Destruction of CO in Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Bisbas Thomas G. , Dishoeck Ewine F. van , Papadopoulos Padelis P. , Szűcs László , Bialy Shmuel , Zhang Zhi-Yu 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We explore the effects of the expected higher cosmic ray (CR) ionization rates

on the abundances of carbon monoxide (CO), atomic carbon (C), and ionized carbon (C+) in the H2 clouds of star-forming galaxies. The study of Bisbas et al. is expanded by (a) using realistic inhomogeneous giant molecular cloud (GMC) structures, (b) a detailed chemical analysis behind the CR-induced destruction of CO, and (c) exploring the thermal state of CR-irradiated molecular gas. CRs permeating the interstellar medium with

are found to significantly reduce the [CO]/[H2] abundance ratios throughout the mass of a GMC. CO rotational line imaging will then show much clumpier structures than the actual ones. For

(Galactic) this bias becomes severe, limiting the usefulness of CO lines for recovering structural and dynamical characteristics of H2-rich galaxies throughout the universe, including many of the so-called main-sequence galaxies where the bulk of cosmic star formation occurs. Both C+ and C abundances increase with rising

, with C remaining the most abundant of the two throughout H2 clouds, when

(Galactic). C+ starts to dominate for

(Galactic). The thermal state of the gas in the inner and denser regions of GMCs is invariant with

for

(Galactic). For

(Galactic) this is no longer the case and

are reached. Finally, we identify OH as the key species whose T
gas-sensitive abundance could mitigate the destruction of CO at high temperatures.
Revisiting the Tale of Hercules: How Stars Orbiting the Lagrange Points Visit the Sun
Authors: Pérez-Villegas Angeles , Portail Matthieu , Wegg Christopher , Gerhard Ortwin 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We propose a novel explanation for the Hercules stream consistent with recent measurements of the extent and pattern speed of the Galactic bar. We have adapted a made-to-measure dynamical model tailored for the Milky Way to investigate the kinematics of the solar neighborhood (SNd). The model matches the 3D density of the red clump giant stars (RCGs) in the bulge and bar as well as stellar kinematics in the inner Galaxy, with a pattern speed of 39 km s−1 kpc−1. Cross-matching this model with the Gaia DR1 TGAS data combined with RAVE and LAMOST radial velocities, we find that the model naturally predicts a bimodality in the U–V-velocity distribution for nearby stars which is in good agreement with the Hercules stream. In the model, the Hercules stream is made of stars orbiting the Lagrange points of the bar which move outward from the bar’s corotation radius to visit the SNd. While the model is not yet a quantitative fit of the velocity distribution, the new picture naturally predicts that the Hercules stream is more prominent inward from the Sun and nearly absent only a few 100 pc outward of the Sun, and plausibly explains that Hercules is prominent in old and metal-rich stars.
Les retraites de demain permettront-elles de couvrir le risque de dépendance ?
Authors: Charpentier François 
Published: April 2017

Apparue dans le débat public en France à la fin des années 1970, la question de la dépendance des personnes âgées a débouché sur des politiques hésitantes et parcellaires. Toutefois, la mise en place de l’Aide personnalisée à l’autonomie en 2000, puis la création de la Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l’autonomie en 2004 ont contribué à stabiliser le paysage, le talon d’Achille des politiques publiques restant l’hébergement en établissement. Aujourd’hui, un réseau associatif très actif permet de couvrir les besoins élémentaires. Mais les experts prévoient une situation plus tendue à partir de 2030, les besoins de financement restant pourtant largement à la portée d’un pays qui dépense actuellement plus de 715 milliards d’euros, soit vingt fois plus, pour toute la protection sociale de ses ressortissants.
Retraite ou retraitement ?
Authors: Billé Michel 
Published: April 2017

La manière dont la retraite peut être vécue par ceux qui y accèdent dépend des représentations qu’ils en ont et dont le corps social est porteur. L’image négative d’une vieillesse à charge et qui coûte cher à la collectivité tend alors à fixer les retraités dans un statut d’objet d’un traitement et retraitement social. Pourtant ceux qui vivent la retraite ne sont peut-être pas à considérer comme des « retraités » mais plutôt comme des « retraitants », des acteurs qui remanient leur rapport au monde, au temps, aux autres et à eux-mêmes. C’est ce remaniement actif, conscient et continu qui permet de faire de la retraite une période d’apprentissage et d’expérimentation d’une liberté enfin savourée.
The Weak Ideal Property and Topological Dimension Zero
Authors: Pasnicu Cornel , Christopher Phillips N. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFollowing up on previous work, we prove a number of results for C* -algebras with the weak ideal property or topological dimension zero, and some results for C* -algebras with related properties. Some of the more important results include the following:The weak ideal property implies topological dimension zero.For a separable C* -algebra A, topological dimension zero is equivalent to, to D ⊗ A having the ideal property for some (or any) Kirchberg algebra D, and to A being residually hereditarily in the class of all C* -algebras B such thatcontains a nonzero projection.Extending the known result for, the classes of C* -algebras with residual (SP), which are residually hereditarily (properly) infinite, or which are purely infinite and have the ideal property, are closed under crossed products by arbitrary actions of abelian 2-groups.If A and B are separable, one of them is exact, A has the ideal property, and B has the weak ideal property, then A ⊗ B has the weak ideal property.If X is a totally disconnected locally compact Hausdorff space and A is a C0(X)-algebra all of whose fibers have one of the weak ideal property, topological dimension zero, residual (SP), or the combination of pure infiniteness and the ideal property, then A also has the corresponding property (for topological dimension zero, provided A is separable).Topological dimension zero, the weak ideal property, and the ideal property are all equivalent for a substantial class of separable C* -algebras, including all separable locally AH algebras.The weak ideal property does not imply the ideal property for separable Z-stable C* -algebras.We give other related results, as well as counterexamples to several other statements one might conjecture.
A Riemann–Hurwitz Theorem for the Algebraic Euler Characteristic
Authors: Fiori Andrew 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe prove an analogue of the Riemann–Hurwitz theorem for computing Euler characteristics of pullbacks of coherent sheaves through finite maps of smooth projective varieties in arbitrary dimensions, subject only to the condition that the irreducible components of the branch and ramification locus have simple normal crossings.
Using telephony data to facilitate discovery of clinical workflows
Authors: Rucker Donald 
Published: April 2017

SummaryBackground: Discovery of clinical workflows to target for redesign using methods such as Lean and Six Sigma is difficult. VoIP telephone call pattern analysis may complement direct observation and EMR-based tools in understanding clinical workflows at the enterprise level by allowing visualization of institutional telecommunications activity.Objective: To build an analytic framework mapping repetitive and high-volume telephone call patterns in a large medical center to their associated clinical units using an enterprise unified communications server log file and to support visualization of specific call patterns using graphical networks.Methods: Consecutive call detail records from the medical center’s unified communications server were parsed to cross-correlate telephone call patterns and map associated phone numbers to a cost center dictionary. Hashed data structures were built to allow construction of edge and node files representing high volume call patterns for display with an open source graph network tool.Results: Summary statistics for an analysis of exactly one week’s call detail records at a large academic medical center showed that 912,386 calls were placed with a total duration of 23,186 hours. Approximately half of all calling called number pairs had an average call duration under 60 seconds and of these the average call duration was 27 seconds.Conclusions: Cross-correlation of phone calls identified by clinical cost center can be used to generate graphical displays of clinical enterprise communications. Many calls are short. The compact data transfers within short calls may serve as automation or re-design targets. The large absolute amount of time medical center employees were engaged in VoIP telecommunications suggests that analysis of telephone call patterns may offer additional insights into core clinical workflows.Citation: Rucker DW. Using telephony data to facilitate discovery of clinical workflows. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 381–395 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2016-11-RA-0191
The street as an area of human exposure in an earthquake aftermath: the case of Lorca, Spain, 2011
Authors: Rojo Marc Bertran , Beck Elise , Lutoff Céline 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The earthquake which struck the city of Lorca, Spain, on 11 May 2011 killed 9 people, injured over 300 and caused considerable damage, including one collapsed building. Streets near buildings were the main danger areas for people. This article proposes an dynamic ad hoc spatio-temporal method for studying individual evacuation after an earthquake. Its application to the Lorca case shows the spatial and temporal variability of individual exposure levels in the street during the hours following the shock. As yet little studied, human exposure deserves more attention, particularly in zones of moderate seismicity like the Euro-Mediterranean area. The results of this study could be helpful for enhancing the evacuation planning after an earthquake, stressing the specific dangers in the street.
Durable response in a thymic neuroendocrine tumor: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Syed Yusef A. , Miller Daniel H. , Jiang Liuyan , Bagherpour Arya , Ko Stephen J. 
Published: April 2017

Thymic neuroendocrine tumors are rare, representing less than 5% of all thymic cancers, and are biologically distinct in histology and behavior. Conclusive treatment guidelines are limited due to a lack of randomized clinical trials. Current literature, consisting mainly of case reports and series, suggests that complete surgical resection combined with adjuvant radiation therapy offers the greatest survival benefit for patients with thymic neuroendocrine tumors (NET). Adjuvant chemotherapy may also delay the onset of distant metastasis. Prognosis is generally poor, particularly in high-grade tumors, as these patients are prone to early metastasis. Here we present the case of a 62-year-old woman who achieved a durable response after undergoing an aggressive multimodal treatment approach for a primary thymic NET that initially presented as chronic cough and mild dyspnea on exertion.
Werknemer of zelfstandige? Drie keer raden!
Authors: Said Samiha 
Published: April 2017

Werknemer of zelfstandige? Drie keer raden! De kwalificatievraag ex artikel 7:610 BW in het arbeidsrecht, socialezekerheidsrecht en fiscaal recht
Het begrip arbeidsovereenkomst als bedoeld in artikel 7:610 BW vormt niet enkel in het arbeidsrecht een centraal begrip, maar speelt ook in het fiscaal recht en socialezekerheidsrecht een belangrijke rol. In deze bijdrage wordt onderzocht op welke wijze de kwalificatie van de arbeidsrelatie in het arbeidsrecht, socialezekerheidsrecht en fiscaal recht geschiedt en wordt onderzocht in hoeverre daarbij sprake is van een uniforme toetsing van artikel 7:610 BW. Vervolgens wordt nader ingegaan op de ontwikkelingen rondom de Wet DBA en wordt stilgestaan bij de door het kabinet aangekondigde herijking van de begrippen vrije vervanging en de gezagsverhouding.
Geen woorden, maar daden – waarom winstuitkering in de zorg (juist nu) belangrijk is
Authors: Linders H. , Weusten M. 
Published: April 2017

Geen woorden, maar daden – waarom winstuitkering in de zorg (juist nu) belangrijk is
Dit artikel bespreekt de wenselijkheid van het wetsvoorstel Wet vergroten investeringsmogelijkheden in medisch-specialistische zorg (hierna: het wetsvoorstel). Achtereenvolgens wordt beknopt uiteengezet voor welke zorgaanbieders winstuitkering wordt toegestaan (wie), onder welke voorwaarden winstuitkering mogelijk wordt (wat) en of (de mogelijkheid van) winstuitkering een positieve impact heeft op de kwaliteit en doelmatigheid van onze zorg (waarom). Deze laatste vraag wordt met name beantwoord in het licht van de per 1 januari 2015 ingetreden integrale ziekenhuisbekostiging. Beargumenteerd wordt dat implementatie van het wetsvoorstel raadzaam is en zelfs een uitbreiding – door toe te voegen dat winstuitkering ook wordt toegestaan voor aanbieders van verblijf onder de Wet langdurige zorg – niet ondenkbaar lijkt.
Tegenstrijdige ontwikkelingen mededingingstoezicht in de zorg
Authors: Loozen E.M.H. 
Published: April 2017

Tegenstrijdige ontwikkelingen mededingingstoezicht in de zorg
Dit artikel behandelt de vraag of kartel- en fusietoezicht in de zorg overeenkomen met de Mededingingswet en onderling consistent zijn. Aanleiding zijn de invoering van de ‘Uitgangspunten toezicht ACM op zorgaanbieders in de eerste lijn’ en het eerste besluit waarin een ziekenhuisfusie is verboden. De conclusie is dat het toezicht niet in overeenstemming is met de wet en bovendien sprake is van tegenstrijdige ontwikkelingen. De Uitgangspunten markeren een overgang van objectieve handhaving van het kartelverbod naar gedogen. Het verbodsbesluit lijkt een overgang van lankmoedig naar strenger fusietoezicht te markeren, maar vooralsnog is onduidelijk of dit objectieve handhaving zal inhouden.
Erfrechtelijke consequenties van een vaststelling van het vaderschap
Authors: Luijten E.A.A. , Meijer W.R. 
Published: April 2017

Erfrechtelijke consequenties van een vaststelling van het vaderschap
Een niet-erkend biologisch kind van een erflater stelt na de dood van de laatste een vordering in tot betaling van zijn legitieme portie jegens erflaters erfgenaam en jegens een derde, van wie het kind aanneemt dat deze bevoordeeld is door een schenking van erflater. De rechtbank wijst de vordering op beide wederpartijen toe ex artikel 1:207 lid 5 BW; de hoogte van hetgeen het kind toekomt, dient nader te worden bepaald.
All-Solid-State, PVC Membrane, and Carbon Paste Ion-Selective Electrodes for Determination of Donepezil Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Khamees Nesreen , Mohamed Tagreed Abdel-Fattah , Derar Abeer Rashad , Aziz Azza 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
All-solid-state, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane, and carbon paste potentiometric ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) were proposed for the determination of donepezil hydrochloride (DON) in the drug substance and a pharmaceutical formulation. The potentiometric response toward DON was based on the existence ofdonepezil-tetraphenyl borate (DON-TPB) in a PVC membrane or a carbon paste in the presence of dioctylphthalate. In contrast, the solid-state electrode was prepared by direct incorporation of DON-TPB into a commercial nail varnish without external additives. The electrodes exhibited Nernstian slopes of 55.0, 57.0, and 53.0 mV/decade over the concentration ranges of 1 × 10−5 to 1 × 10−3, 1 × 10−4 to 10−2, and 1 × 10−4 to 5 × 10−3 for the solid-state, PVC membrane, and carbon paste electrodes, respectively. The response of the electrodes is independent of pH in the range of 2–≤8. The electrodes showed good selectivity for DON with respect to a number of inorganic cations and amino acids. The electrodes were used for the determination of DON in pure solution and in pharmaceutical tablets with high accuracy (±2%) and precision (RSD ≤2%). The solid-state electrode is simple, economical, and rapid when compared to the PVC membrane and carbon paste electrodes.
Comparative Study Between Multivariate and Univariate Analysis of Two Antidiabetic Combinations
Authors: Abdel-Ghany Maha F , Abdel-Aziz Omar , Ayad Miriam F , Tadros Mariam M 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
New multivariate and univariate methods were developed for the analysis of two novel gliptin combinations by manipulating the zero-order and ratio spectra of empagliflozin and linagliptin in combination, with application on Glyxambi® tablets, and of alogliptin and pioglitazone in combination, with application on Oseni® tablets. Linearity ranges for chemometric approaches using principal component regression and partial least-squares were found to be 2–10, 2.5–12.5, 5–15, and 5–25 μg/mL for empagliflozin, linagliptin, alogliptin, and pioglitazone, respectively, whereas the respective linearity ranges for the spectrophotometric approaches were found to be 5–15, 2–12, 5–15, and 5–15 μg/mL. The proposed spectrophotometric methods included ratio subtraction coupled withextended ratio subtraction, spectrum subtraction coupled with constant multiplication, and mean centering. Acceptable LOD and LOQ values were obtained by all methods. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between multivariate and univariate methods in comparison with the reference methods. The optimized methods provide fast and economic determination of the recently approved antidiabetic combinations without the complex instrumentation or time-consuming mobile phase preparations that were used in the chromatographic techniques reported in the literature.
Validation of MAX Aqueous Extraction on Veratox® for Total Aflatoxin ELISA Test Kit
Authors: Roman Brooke E , Driksna Dana , Abouzied Mohamed M , Klein Frank , Rice Jennifer 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Neogen Corp. (Lansing, MI) has developed a common aqueous extraction method for the detection of mycotoxins in the ELISA or lateral flow format. The Veratox® for Total Aflatoxin ELISA extraction method uses a MAX 2 extraction packet and water in replacement of traditionally used organic solvents. Veratox for Total Aflatoxin has a detection range of 5–50 ppb neat or up to 300 ppb with dilution. The kit development focused on superior cross-reactivity, ability to accurately detect naturally contaminated samples, and utilization of an aqueous extraction method. In two separate validation studies, the Veratox for Total Aflatoxin test kit resulted in average yields of 91–114% in naturally contaminated mycotoxin reference material corn. The cross-reactivity profiles for aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 were 100, 113, 103, and 93%, respectively. This kit is approved by the Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration.
Integrated HIV care and service engagement among people living with HIV who use drugs in a setting with a community‐wide treatment as prevention initiative: a qualitative study in Vancouver, Canada
Authors: Collins Alexandra B , Parashar Surita , Hogg Robert S , Fernando Saranee , Worthington Catherine , McDougall Patrick , Turje Rosalind Baltzer , McNeil Ryan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntroduction: Social‐structural inequities impede access to, and retention in, HIV care among structurally vulnerable people living with HIV (PLHIV) who use drugs. The resulting disparities in HIV‐related outcomes among PLHIV who use drugs pose barriers to the optimization of HIV treatment as prevention (TasP) initiatives. We undertook this study to examine engagement with, and impacts of, an integrated HIV care services model tailored to the needs of PLHIV who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada – a setting with a community‐wide TasP initiative.Methods: We conducted qualitative interviews with 30 PLHIV who use drugs recruited from the Dr. Peter Centre, an HIV care facility operating under an integrated services model and harm reduction approach. We employed novel analytical techniques to analyse participants’ service trajectories within this facility to understand how this HIV service environment influences access to, and retention in, HIV care among structurally vulnerable PLHIV who use drugs.Results: Our findings demonstrate that participants’ structural vulnerability shaped their engagement with the HIV care facility that provided access to resources that facilitated retention in HIV care and antiretroviral treatment adherence. Additionally, the integrated service environment helped reduce burdens associated with living in extreme poverty by meeting participants’ subsistence (e.g. food, shelter) needs. Moreover, access to multiple supports created a structured environment in which participants could develop routine service use patterns and have prolonged engagement with supportive care services. Our findings demonstrate that low‐barrier service models can mitigate social and structural barriers to HIV care and complement TasP initiatives for PLHIV who use drugs.Conclusions: These findings highlight the critical role of integrated service models in promoting access to health and support services for structurally vulnerable PLHIV. Complementing structural interventions with integrated service models that are tailored to the needs of structurally vulnerable PLHIV who use drugs will be pursuant to the goals of TasP.
Reporting and methodological quality of meta-analyses in urological literature
Authors: Xia Leilei , Xu Jing , Guzzo Thomas J. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
To assess the overall quality of published urological meta-analyses and identify predictive factors for high quality.

Materials and Methods
We systematically searched PubMed to identify meta-analyses published from January 1st, 2011 to December 31st, 2015 in 10 predetermined major paper-based urology journals. The characteristics of the included meta-analyses were collected, and their reporting and methodological qualities were assessed by the PRISMA checklist (27 items) and AMSTAR tool (11 items), respectively. Descriptive statistics were used for individual items as a measure of overall compliance, and PRISMA and AMSTAR scores were calculated as the sum of adequately reported domains. Logistic regression was used to identify predictive factors for high qualities.

Results
A total of 183 meta-analyses were included. The mean PRISMA and AMSTAR scores were 22.74 ± 2.04 and 7.57 ± 1.41, respectively. PRISMA item 5, protocol and registration, items 15 and 22, risk of bias across studies, items 16 and 23, additional analysis had less than 50% adherence. AMSTAR item 1, “a priori” design, item 5, list of studies and item 10, publication bias had less than 50% adherence. Logistic regression analyses showed that funding support and “a priori” design were associated with superior reporting quality, following PRISMA guideline and “a priori” design were associated with superior methodological quality.

Conclusions
Reporting and methodological qualities of recently published meta-analyses in major paper-based urology journals are generally good. Further improvement could potentially be achieved by strictly adhering to PRISMA guideline and having “a priori” protocol.
Glucan synthase‐like 2 is indispensable for paramylon synthesis in Euglena gracilis
Authors: Tanaka Yuji , Ogawa Takahisa , Maruta Takanori , Yoshida Yuta , Arakawa Kazuharu , Ishikawa Takahiro 
Published: April 2017

The phytoflagellate Euglena gracilis produces a large amount of paramylon (PM), a conglomerate of liner β‐1,3‐glucan chains, as a storage polysaccharide. PM is synthesized from uridine diphosphate‐glucose, but its mechanism of formation is largely unknown. Two enzymes, glucan synthase‐like (EgGSL) 1 and EgGSL2 were previously identified as candidates for PM synthesis in a Euglena transcriptome analysis. Here, we performed a reverse genetic analysis on these enzymes. Knockdown of EgGSL2, but not EgGSL1, significantly inhibits PM accumulation in Euglena cells. Additionally, β‐1,3‐glucan synthesis is detected in a PM‐associated membrane fraction extracted from Euglena cells. Our findings indicate that EgGSL2 is the predominant enzyme for PM biosynthesis.