bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DyMAS: A Direct Multi-Scale Pore-Level Simulation Approach
Authors: Mohammadmoradi Peyman , Kantzas Apostolos 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The recent advancements in high-resolution imaging technology offer the opportunity to generate detailed pore-level domains and highlight the need for efficient and reliable digital core analyzers. Here, a new generation of direct pore-scale simulation techniques called dynamic morphology assisted simulation (DyMAS) is proposed. DyMAS, as a hybrid method, couples pore morphological quasi-static and computational fluid dynamic approaches to simulate immiscible multiphase fluid flow at pore-scale with high computational efficiency. DyMAS is a comprehensive modeling approach that has the capability of dealing with pore structures of a wide range of pore sizes, from intergranular to microporosity, simultaneously. It is a selective approach that updates the governing equations along with the interface development to prevent numerical instabilities associated with the interface reconstruction and volume tracking processes. Gravity, viscous, and capillary forces are all taken into account ensuring accurate simulation of the compound fluid displacement patterns, e.g., splitting and coalescence, viscous fingering, ganglia mobilization, gravity segregation, and capillary trapping.
Case Study of Section Milling Field Run Leads to Technology Design Optimization Using Advanced Numerical Simulations and Modeling
Authors: Deshpande Kedar , Haq Mohammed A. , Smalley Michael 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In recent years, plug and abandonment (P&A) technologies have been receiving greater global attention as more and more fields reach the end of their productive life. The objective of permanent P&A is permanent isolation. Several operators have requested the development of a section mill capable of milling two adjacent casing strings. Removing two adjacent casing strings enables a permanent, solid-cement "rock-to-rock" barrier across the formation in open hole. Various methods have been used to section mill dual casing strings with results ranging from costly multiple trips to total failures. The scope of the project was to develop a milling system that permits the removal of both 9 5/8-in. and 13 3/8-in. (or 13 5/8-in.) casing in either one trip or multiple trips into and out of the well. The new milling system should be capable of handling different flow rates for successful tool operation and efficient hole cleaning. The focus of the new milling system also was to minimize trips and bottomhole assembly handling to reduce operational cost. The new technology enables the removal of more than 100-ft (30-m) section of inner and outer casings in multiple trips. In this work, we conducted extensive numerical simulations using computational fluid dynamics to achieve the best possible milling system configuration.
Clarifying and Improving the Application of Waterflood Analytical Methods in X-Plot Conditions – From Empirical Approach to Analytical Approach
Authors: Yang Zhengming 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
X-plot method is the waterflood analysis method derived from 1-D Buckley-Leverett equation (Ershaghi and Omoregie, 1978) based on a semi-log relationship between oil/water relative permeability ratio and water saturation. X-plot method (Qo=mX+n) is a linear relationship between cumulative oil (Qo) and a water-cut feature variable X=ln(1/fw-1)-1/fw. Using an empirical approach, the slope m and intercept n are determined by linear-regression of historical production data and then extrapolated to a higher water-cut to predict recoverable oil. The limitations to field application include: 1) post-breakthrough waterflood period; 2) unfavorable mobility ratio in 3-D field condition; and 3) major pattern reconfiguration events such as infill-drilling and perforation interval addition may impact parameters m and n. Clarifying those limitations and their impact will minimize uncertainty and bias in the practical application.
X-plot condition is defined as the water saturation range or recovery period when the X-plot method applies which is from water breakthrough to an economically feasible higher water-cut. The objective of this paper is to clarify and improve the application of waterflood analytical methods in X-plot conditions. Various analytical methods have been developed and their internal relation with the X-plot method in field condition are clarified. An analytical approach is proposed, where the X-plot method slope m and intercept n are determined by diagnosing production performance rather than by empirical regression. With parameters m and n determined analytically, the X-plot method is applied to forecast recoverable oil. The 1-D model case and field case studies compare the X-plot method in analytical and empirical approaches. The case studies indicate that with only minimal post-breakthrough waterflood production data the analytical approach for X-plot method will reduce uncertainty and bias in the long-term recoverable oil prediction.
Improved Oil Recovery Estimation with Data Analytic Methods: A Workflow for Open Data Analysis
Authors: Kronkosky Chad E. , Kronkosky Blake C. , Ettehadtavakkol Amin 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Reserve evaluators use the Secondary to Primary recovery ratio (S:P ratio) to infer a first-order reserve estimate for Improved Oil Recovery (IOR) project screening. Determining S:P ratios via analog processes (e.g. data gathering, screening properties, reserve estimates, etc.) is tedious; implementing data analytic methods improves our understanding of the risks and uncertianies associated with reserve/resource estimates for IOR projects by allowing evaluators the ability to analyze significant amounts of data readily.
The objective of this paper is to illustrate an application of data analytic methods for IOR performance estimates using geospatial datasets with historical waterflood records in the State of Texas. A spatial- temporal correlation workflow is applied to quantify the uncertainty of IOR estimates based on spatial proximity and S:P ratios. Multivariate regression was applied to predict IOR estimates and validated with exsisting projects. The results show spatial proximity by itself is not a reliable method for the IOR estimation; S:P ratios vary significantly with nearby analgous projects. In addition, the uncertainty analysis herein provides an insight to the reliability of IOR estimates. The example modeling results provided in this paper are spourous, and not to be taken as a final reserve/resource analysis; the analytic methods presented in this paper can serve as tuning and screening tools for performance prediction of IOR prospects.
Incorporation of Formation Water into Rate-Transient Analysis of Tight Oil Wells with High Water-Oil Ratio: A Field Example from North America
Authors: Qanbari F. , Clarkson C. R. , Shahamat M. S. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Analysis of water production from multi-fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs has been mostly limited to analytical and/or numerical modeling of early-time fracture water production during flowback. During the flowback period, flush production of water occurs with a rapid decline in water rate. The rapid decline in water rate has tempted practitioners to ignore the impact of water production on rate-transient analysis (RTA) of multi-fractured horizontal wells (MFHWs) during the online production period. However, some tight oil reservoirs exhibit high water-oil ratios (WORs) throughout their production history. In these cases, water production should be included in RTA to ensure accurate hydraulic fracture characterization, short- and long-term rate forecasting, and fluid-in-place estimation, amongst other applications.
In this study, two analytical methods are developed for incorporating formation water production into RTA of tight oil reservoirs producing during the transient linear flow period based on two scenarios: 1) water and oil producing from the same reservoir layer and 2) water and oil producing from different reservoir layers. For the first scenario, an estimate of formation water saturation is obtained using WOR history which, in turn, is used in an analytical method (facilitated by decoupling of phase saturations and pressure) to correct the single-phase oil or two-phase oil and gas RTA results. For the second scenario, the linear flow parameters calculated from corrected linear flow analysis of hydrocarbon (single-phase oil or two-phase oil and gas) and water layers are combined to obtain the total linear flow parameter.
Practical application of the proposed analytical methods is demonstrated using a field example from a North American tight oil reservoir (with formation WOR ~ 1.3). The studied MFHW was first history-matched using the two water production scenarios – the linear flow parameter (Aki) was then calculated based on the simulation model match parameters. The results of the analytical methods used to correct for water production (for the two scenarios) were then compared with the numerical simulation results and determined to be within acceptable engineering error (10 %). This study further reveals that neglecting formation water production in RTA of this well leads to unacceptable errors (exceeding 100%) in the linear flow parameter estimates.
The current study provides novel practical methods for correcting RTA to account for high formation water production. The methods are proved to be robust, easy to implement, and effective in reducing the errors of the widely used single-phase oil, and recently developed two-phase oil and gas, RTA models.
Quantification of Recovery Factors in Downspaced Wells: Application to the Eagle Ford Shale
Authors: Sinha Saurabh , Devegowda Deepak , Deka Bhabesh 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we present the results of an elaborate simulation study from the Eagle Ford shale by integrating rate transient analysis (RTA), microseimic interpretation and rock typing to quantify the well recovery factors.
First, we builda fine-scale geocellular model to represent the lithology of Eagle Ford Shale (EFS)in interest. A fully compositional fluid model wasthen integrated into the geocellular model. The stimulated rock volume (SRV) is based on microseimic data interpretation. The permeability of the system is calibrated from rate transient analysis (RTA) using the methodology suggested by (Suliman et al. 2013). Historical production data of a 500'conventional spacing 3-well PAD is then matched and the sensitivity to well spacing is then carried out using the history-matched model in two configurations. These are same layer completions and staggered well completions. Recovery factors are then quantified with the help of expected ultimate recovery (EUR) calculated from simulation forecasts and original gas in place (OGIP) calculated with the help of volumetric calculation.
Our results show that the conventional 500'spacing is not optimal in the rich condensate area of the Eagle Ford shale. Additionally, there were little to no difference in the predicted EUR's in staggered or same layer completions. Microseismic data suggests that the fracture grows up to the top of EFS and is not limited to the lower EFS. We also perform sensitivity studies with respect to drawdown that show minimal or no condensate banking with choke management. Early-time condensate banking is however very sensitive to higher drawdown pressures.
Economic Potentials of a Carbon Market on American Oil Industry: A System Dynamics Approach
Authors: Rafieisakhaei Mohammadhussein , Barazandeh Babak 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Sustainable development has become the major key phrase for a vast number of academic researches. It is referred to the sustained economic development without destruction of the natural environment. It has been shown by various studies that these the economy and environment are eventually inseparable. Most agencies produce reports on their sustainability practices each year, which increases the awareness of the society and its individual players regarding the best practices and provides feedback on moving towards a sustainable society.
On the other hand, the increasing rate of the average global temperature indicates the growing required effort on controlling the phenomena. Otherwise, its impacts can extend to every aspect of the human life beyond the economic welfare. One solution to slow down the climate change is to regulate the carbon emissions that are produced by the fossil-fuel-dependent industries, in order to stimulate the shift from the carbon-heavy fuels towards clean renewable resources. Carbon markets that are implemented across the European Union (EU) has shown a successful result on reduction of carbon emissions, which is confirmed by the EU data.
In this paper, we provide a system dynamics approach on studying the effects of the carbon market implementation on US industries, particularly, oil and oil-dependent industries which are responsible for a major portion of the carbon emissions. In order for this, we provide a system dynamics model of the factors that are involved in the sustainable development of a society and connect it to the carbon market and oil market models to provide means of understanding possible economic impacts of the carbon market implementation in the US.
Using Data-Driven Technologies to Accelerate the Field Development Planning Process for Mature Field Rejuvenation
Authors: Brown Jeremy B. , Salehi Amir , Benhallam Wassim , Matringe Sebastien F. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
A data-driven technology and associated workflow for fast identification of field development opportunities in mature oil fields is presented, which accelerates the subsurface field development planning process and reduces the time requirement from months to weeks. Standard workflows in geology and engineering have been automated or machine-assisted, enabling field rejuvenation opportunities to be identified without requiring full-field simulation models. This technology is ideally suited for large, complex oil fields with large data sets (e.g. thousands of wells producing over many decades), and has been deployed in cases of brownfield rejuvenation, asset evaluation during acquisition activities, and as an independent validation system within internal review programs for large oil companies. The opportunities generated using these techniques are subject to a rigorous technical vetting by experienced subject matter experts, with the highest confidence opportunities being matured and high- graded. A case study is presented for a large, stratigraphically complex waterflood in North America, wherein a subsurface field development plan was prepared using these techniques, with specific opportunities in well operations, production uplift, recompletion targeting pay-behind-pipe, infill and step-out drilling locations, and waterflood optimization.
Hydraulic Fracture Propagation Modeling for Well Performance Analysis: Eagle Ford Formation Case Study
Authors: Eker Erdinc , Uzun Ilkay , Kazemi Hossein , Rutledge J. M. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The geometry of the hydraulic fractures affects well productivity in unconventional shale reservoirs. Modeling hydraulic fractures require simplifying assumptions because of the complexity of the rock deformation and the quality of rock physics data available. Nonetheless, modeling hydraulic fractures provides insight about the well productivity of unconventional reservoirs. In hydraulic fracture modeling, we generally assume the fracture geometry based on laboratory observations and invoke force balance on the conceptual physical model to arrive at governing equations. In this paper, we present a practical approach to modeling and estimating hydraulic fracture length and width using well stimulation treatment data in Eagle Ford formation. Our model relies on fracture propagation theory of Perkins, Kern, and Nordgren (PKN) and utilizes acoustic log rock mechanical properties and fracture treatment data for each stage. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the effect of fluid leak-off, rock mechanical and fracturing fluid properties on hydraulic fracture propagation. We applied the model to every fracture stage of several Eagle Ford wells. The application of our model to the analysis of Eagle Ford well data revealed that fracture length is significantly more sensitive to the Young modulus than the Poisson ratio, and, in turn, this affected well productivity. The predicted hydraulic fracture geometry is consistent with the rate transient analysis of production data.
Método para auditorias de sistemas de gestión de calidad aplicando ingeniería de conocimiento
Authors: Giraldo Mejía Juan Camilo , Perdomo Wilder , Lopera Jorge Alonso , Montoya Diana María 
Published: April 2017

Los sistemas de gestión de la calidad poseen lineamientos que permiten a las organizaciones manejar de manera eficiente y eficaz sus procesos, para lograr reconocimiento y mejorar su imagen, fidelizando sus clientes con sus productos o servicios de alta calidad. Este artículo presenta un método para realizar auditorías de sistemas de gestión de calidad. El método de evaluación de auditorías se soporta en un Sistema Basado en Conocimiento SBC, que se diseñó utilizando la metodología CommonKads, y en el proceso de desarrollo del método se evalúa la aplicación de la Norma Técnica Colombiana NTC-ISO 9001:2008, adoptada de la Organización Internacional de Estandarización (ISO). Se integran los procesos de un Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad (SGC), la evaluación de hallazgos para una auditoría, y las características de un Sistema Basado en Conocimiento SBC.
Cortical Fenestration for Megaprosthesis Stem Revision
Authors: Ng Vincent Y. , Louie Philip , Punt Stephanie , Conrad III. Ernest U. 
Published: April 2017

Background:The most common modes of failure for megaprostheses are aseptic loosening followed by periprosthetic infection and stem fracture. Surgical technique for bone and implant exposure is controversial and may influence the success of revision and the need for additional future revisions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cortical fenestration for megaprosthesis revision, particularly for stem fracture.Methods:From 1985-2014, 196 adult and pediatric patients underwent limb salvage with a distal femoral or proximal tibial megaprosthesis (109 cemented, 87 pressfit). A retrospective chart review was performed to assess the rate of revision based on cemented or pressfit fixation and the use of a cortical window to extract the failed stem.Results:27% (29 of 109) of cemented and 18% (16 of 87) of pressfit implants were revised for stem failure. The reasons for revision in the cemented group were loosening (62%), infection (24%), and stem fracture (13%). In the pressfit group, the reasons were loosening (43%), infection (31%), stem fracture (6%), limb-length discrepancy (6%), malrotation (6%), and local recurrence (6%). A cortical window was used in 10 of 45 initial revisions (7 cemented, 3 pressfit) including all of the stem fractures, and in 2 of 15 subsequent re-revisions.Conclusion:Cortical fenestration is an effective, bone-preserving method of implant extraction, particularly for broken or cemented stems. It is associated with low rates of loosening and no increase in periprosthetic fractures.
Trends in Management of Radial Head and Olecranon Fractures
Authors: Motisi Matthew , Kurowicki Jennifer , Berglund Derek D. , Triplet Jacob J. , Disla Shanell , Niedzielak Timothy , Levy Jonathan C. 
Published: April 2017

Background:Advancement in surgical techniques and implants has improved the ability to manage radial head and olecranon fractures. However, trends in management of these fractures are largely unstudied.Objective:This purpose of this study is to evaluate management trends for these common fractures.Methods:A retrospective review of a comprehensive Humana database was performed using Pearl Diver supercomputer (Warsaw, IN, USA) for radial head and neck (RHNF) and olecranon fractures (OF) between 2007 and 2014. Treatment methods including open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), radial head arthroplasty (RHA), and non-operative treatment were reviewed. Total reported incidence of office visits and utilization of each treatment modality were investigated. Sub-analysis with stratification by age 15-74 and greater than 75-years was performed for OF.Results:A total of 10,609 OF and 20,400 RHNF were identified between 2007 and 2014. A significant trend increase in the annual incidence of RHNF (266 cases/year, p<0.001) and OF (133.9 cases/year, p=0.001) was observed. A significant trendincreasein annual percent utilization of RHA (0.22% per year, p=0.011) and a significant trenddecreasein the annual percent utilization of ORIF (-1.0% per year, p=0.004) and non-operative management (-0.53% per year, p=0.046) was observed for RHNF. A significant trendincreasewas observed in percent utilization (0.40% per year, p=0.022) for OF non-operative management, especially in patients over 75 years (66% per year, p=0.034).Conclusion:The percentage of patients being treated with RHA is increasing. Non-operative management of OF has increased, specifically in the patients who are over 75 years.
THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND THE ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTED FROM THE LEAVES OF TEUCRIUM CAPITATUM L.
Authors: El Amri Jalila , Badaoui Khalid El , Haloui Zoubida 
Published: April 2017

Objective: In the framework of the search for new biological molecules, an ethnobotanical study has been carried out in the region of El Hajeb in Morocco in the interest of will select the data ethnopharmacological on medicinal and aromatic plants and on the découveres new principles assets. On the basis of a questionnaire prepared, a survey was conducted of the local population where we find a close relation which exists between the plant species described in the said region and the different types of diseases affecting the human being; six plants have been chosen to evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oils against the bacterial strain (Staphylococcus aureus, and on two yeasts: Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, which are the most frequently identified in clinical specimens, a mold: Aspergillus niger, and 5 dermatophytes: Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum.Methods: The extraction of essential oils was carried out by steam distillation in a clevenger-type apparatus. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the disc diffusion method. The chromatographic analysis of HE five plants was performed with a gas chromatograph (GC) type Hewlett-Packard (6890) coupled to a mass spectrometer (HP5973).Results: The results show that the essential oil of Teucrium capitatum L. has a large antimicrobial activity vis-a-vis other plants. Therefore, an identification of their chemical composition is necessary to identify the active molecules based on the analysis GC-only and coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil of the plant of T. capitatum L. of the region of El Hajeb (Morocco) was extracted to the study its performance, its chemical composition, and its property antibacterial and antifungal. The average content in essential oil of the leaves of this species is approximately2% (wt.) of the total weight of dry matter. The chromatographic analysis showed the profiles, and the rates of the different components compared to the available standards, as function of the retention time by ascending order, four compounds were identified by GC and GC/MS as the main compounds of this oil: Endo-borneol (33%), naphthalene, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methyl ethyl)-, (1s-cis)-(19.63%), bronyle acetate (15.56%), alpha-terpineol (11.96%), bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-ol, 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-(10.94%) among other 21 compounds.Conclusion: This study allows, once again, the development of the exploitation of the essential oils in the areas, pharmaceutical and medicines and works the doors of the exploitation of these plants in the pharmaceutical market. Keywords: Teucrium capitatum L., Ethnobotanical study, Antifungal activity, Chromatography.