bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model of Management Capacity Building for Improving The Quality of School
Authors: Satori Djaman , Komariah Aan 
Published: May 2017

This study was aimed to develop a Model of Management Capacity Building for Improving The Quality of Elementary School in Bandung, West Java. The research method used the research and development prosedure and the main stages were: a preliminary study, development of the design and the product model, expert analysis judgment, operational testing, validation testing through pre-experiment, and product dissemination. The model developed consisted of six components, i.e. vision, skills, resoures, insentive, action plan, and partnership. The study revealed that this model had a significant influence on improving the quality of education through capacity building school management in an integrative model of partnership between school, university and ministry of education.
Early Start DENVER Model: A Meta - analysis
Authors: Canoy Jane P. , Boholano Helen B. 
Published: May 2017

Each child with Autism Spectrum Disorder has different symptoms, skills and types of impairment or disorder with other children. This is why the word “spectrum” is included in this disorder. Eapen, Crncec, and Walter, 2013 claimed that there was an emerging evidence that early interventions gives the greatest capacity of child’s development during their first years of life as “brain plasticity” are high during this period. With this, the only intervention program model for children as young as 18 months that has been validated in a randomized clinical trial is “Early Start Denver Model” (ESDM). This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the outcome of “Early Start Denver Model” (ESDM) towards young children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. This study made use of meta-analysis method. In this study, the researcher utilized studies related to “Early Start Denver Model (ESDM)” which is published in a refereed journal which are all available online. There were five studies included which totals 149 children exposed to ESDM. To examine the “pooled effects” of ESDM in a variety of outcomes, a meta-analytic procedure was performed after the extraction of data of the concrete outcomes. Comprehensive Meta Analysis Version 3.3.070 was used to analyze the data. The effectiveness of the outcome of “Early Start Denver Model” towards young children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) highly depends on the intensity of intervention and the younger child age. This study would provide the basis in effectively implementing an early intervention to children with autism such as the “Early Start Denver Model” (ESDM) that would show great outcome effects to those children that has “Autism Spectrum Disorder”.
IL-33 stimulates the release of procoagulant microvesicles from human monocytes and differentially increases tissue factor in human monocyte subsets
Authors: Stojkovic Stefan , Thulin Åsa , Hell Lena , Thaler Barbara , Rauscher Sabine , Baumgartner Johanna , Gröger Marion , Ay Cihan , Demyanets Svitlana , Neumayer Christoph , Huk Ihor , Spittler Andreas , Huber Kurt , Wojta Johann , Siegbahn Agneta , Åberg Mikael 
Published: May 2017

SummaryMonocytes and monocyte-derived microvesicles (MVs) are the main source of circulating tissue factor (TF). Increased monocyte TF expression and increased circulating levels of procoagulant MVs contribute to the formation of a prothrombotic state in patients with cardiovascular disease. Interleukin (IL)-33 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases, but its role in regulating thrombosis is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of IL-33 on the procoagulant properties of human monocytes and monocyte-derived MVs. IL-33 induced a time- and concentration-dependent increase of monocyte TF mRNA and protein levels via binding to the ST2-receptor and activation of the NFκB-pathway. The IL-33 treated monocytes also released CD14+TF+ MVs and IL-33 was found to increase the TF activity of both the isolated monocytes and monocyte-derived MVs. The monocytes were classified into subsets according to their CD14 and CD16 expression. Intermediate monocytes (IM) showed the highest ST2 receptor expression, followed by non-classical monocytes (NCM), and classical monocytes (CM). IL-33 induced a significant increase of TF only in the IM (p<0.01), with a tendency in NCM (p=0.06), but no increase was observed in CM. Finally, plasma levels of IL–33 were positively correlated with CD14+TF+ MVs in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (r=0.480; p=0.032; n=20). We hereby provide novel evidence that the proinflammatory cytokine IL-33 induces differential TF expression and activity in monocyte subsets, as well as the release of procoagulant MVs. In this manner, IL-33 may contribute to the formation of a prothrombotic state characteristic for cardiovascular disease.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Short-term intensive training attenuates the exercise-induced interaction of mono-1/2 cells and platelets after coronary bypass in cardiac patients
Authors: Huang Shu-Chun , Wong Mei-Kuen , Lin Pyng-Jing , Tsai Feng-Chun , Chu Jaw-Ji , Wu Meng-Yu , Fu Tieh-Cheng , Wang Jong-Shyan 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThe interaction between platelets and monocytes plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated how short-term intensive training (SIT) influences monocyte subset characteristics and exercise-induced monocyte and platelet aggregates (MPAs) following elective coronary bypass (CABG) in cardiac patients. Forty-nine patients hospitalised for CABG were randomised into SIT (N=26) and conventional training (CT, N=23) groups. The SIT subjects underwent supervised aerobic training at 80∼120 % of the ventilatory anaerobic threshold based on sub-maximal exercise tests performed 7 days post-CABG for 20 sessions with two sessions/day and 30 min/session, which were completed within four weeks after surgery. The CT subjects performed light-intensity conditioning exercise for ≤4 sessions. Resting and maximal exercise-mediated monocyte characteristics and MPA were determined before and following intervention. The SIT group had a larger improvement in ventilation efficiency and anaerobic threshold than the CT group; the SIT group exhibited larger reductions in blood monocyte subtypes 1 and 2 (Mono1 and 2) counts at rest than the CT group; the SIT group but not the CT group exhibited attenuated formation of Mono1/platelet hetero-aggregation (MPA1) and CD42b expression on Mono1/2 caused by strenuous exercise; and plasma levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β and soluble P-selectin showed similar trends as Mono1/2 and MPA1, respectively. In conclusion, SIT modestly improved aerobic capacity in patients following CABG. Moreover, SIT simultaneously ameliorated the CD42b expression of Mono1/2 cells and maximal exercise-induced MPA1, which may reduce the risk of inflammatory thrombosis.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Designing and evaluating autoverification rules for thyroid function profiles and sex hormone tests
Authors: Li Jiancheng , Cheng Bizhen , Ouyang Huizhen , Xiao Tongtong , Hu Jing , Cai Yingmu 
Published: May 2017

Purpose Following the analytical phase, the current practice of many hospital laboratories involves the manual verification of all test results followed by the production of the report. However, manual verification is a time-consuming and tedious process. In this paper, we provide a detailed description of how to design autoverification rules for thyroid function test profiles and sex hormones. Materials and methods We used DM2 (Data manager 2) to construct the algorithm and build the database for autoverification of thyroid function test profiles and sex hormones, with reference to Boolean logic, Auto 10-A and CLSI’88. The rules consist of checking quality control, instrument error flags, critical values, the analytical measurement range (AMR), the limit range, consistency check and delta check. Firstly, we established the rules in the DM2, collected clinical specimens for validation, then tested the rules in a ‘live’ environment. Results Agreement was achieved between manual verification by two senior laboratory personnel and verification using the autoverification rules in 99.78% of the cases. The total autoverification rate for all tests was 77.06%. Following implementation of the rules, the laboratory turnaround time (TAT) was reduced by 54.55% and staffing numbers fell from three to two whole time equivalents (WTE). Statistical analysis resulted in a kappa statistic of 0.99 ( P < 0.001). Moreover, after implementing the autoverification rules, the error rate fell to 0.04%, indicating that errors were almost completely eliminated. Conclusion Implementing autoverification rules can reduce TAT, minimize the number of samples that require manual verification and allow for a reduction in staffing numbers. It also allows laboratory staff to devote more time and effort to the handling of problematic test results and contributing to improved patient care.
Matched Comparison Group Design Standards in Systematic Reviews of Early Childhood Interventions
Authors: Thomas Jaime , Avellar Sarah A. , Deke John , Gleason Philip 
Published: May 2017

Background: Systematic reviews assess the quality of research on program effectiveness to help decision makers faced with many intervention options. Study quality standards specify criteria that studies must meet, including accounting for baseline differences between intervention and comparison groups. We explore two issues related to systematic review standards: covariate choice and choice of estimation method. Objective: To help systematic reviews develop/refine quality standards and support researchers in using nonexperimental designs to estimate program effects, we address two questions: (1) How well do variables that systematic reviews typically require studies to account for explain variation in key child and family outcomes? (2) What methods should studies use to account for preexisting differences between intervention and comparison groups? Methods: We examined correlations between baseline characteristics and key outcomes using Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Birth Cohort data to address Question 1. For Question 2, we used simulations to compare two methods—matching and regression adjustment—to account for preexisting differences between intervention and comparison groups. Results: A broad range of potential baseline variables explained relatively little of the variation in child and family outcomes. This suggests the potential for bias even after accounting for these variables, highlighting the need for systematic reviews to provide appropriate cautions about interpreting the results of moderately rated, nonexperimental studies. Our simulations showed that regression adjustment can yield unbiased estimates if all relevant covariates are used, even when the model is misspecified, and preexisting differences between the intervention and the comparison groups exist.
The Goal Posts Keep Moving
Authors: Parker Peter 
Published: May 2017

“New Definition Since the links that bind a shareholder to a company are generally more tenuous than those affecting employees (it is easier to sell shares than to find another job), one may question whether the framework is entirely appropriate to the present climate of opinion. But there remains the difficulty of defining precisely what employee participation should mean and how the broader national interest should be taken into account. If this is to involve a fundamental shift in the way directors are meant to interpret their respective responsibilities to shareholders, employees and also to consumers, this will require the creation of a new legislative framework.” Extract: Financial Times editorial “The Human Face” 9th November 1973
Lord Robens on Leadership
Authors: Taylor Bernard 
Published: May 2017

Leadership is an unfashionable word nowadays because it seems to suggest management by an elite, and there is a tendency to talk about employee participation and the greater involvement of the management group as a whole. However, there is no doubt that the personality of a chief executive can have an enormous impact on an organisation. The purpose of this series of interviews is to approach a number of senior managers and administrators, who have made distinctive contributions to their organisations by their particular styles of leadership, in an attempt to determine what are the requirements of the leader in the modern world and to what extent we must revise our traditional views about the role of the leader.
Components of Successful Staple Food Fortification Programs: Lessons From Latin America
Authors: Martorell Reynaldo , de Romaña Daniel López 
Published: May 2017

Background: There are few effectiveness evaluations of food fortification programs, and little is known about what makes programs successful. Objective: We examined 3 food fortification programs in Latin America to identify common features that might explain their success and to draw lessons for program design and implementation everywhere: The vitamin A fortification of sugar in Guatemala with impact on vitamin A status of the population, the fortification of a basket of foods with iron and other micronutrients in Costa Rica with impact on iron status and anemia in women and children, and the fortification of wheat flour with folic acid in Chile, which reduced the incidence of neural tube defects. Methods: We identified pertinent literature about these preselected programs and asked regional experts for any additional information. We also conducted structured interviews of key informants to provide historical and contextual information. Results: Institutional research capacity and champions of fortification are features of successful programs in Latin America. We also found that private/public partnerships (industry, government, academia, and civil society) might be key for sustainability. To achieve impact, program managers need to use fortification vehicles that are consumed by the nutritionally vulnerable and to add bioavailable fortificants at adequate content levels in order to fill dietary gaps and reduce micronutrient deficiencies. Adequate monitoring and quality control are essential. Conclusions: For future programs, we recommend that the evaluation be specified up-front, including a baseline/end line and data collection along the program impact pathway to inform needed improvements and to strengthen causal inferences.
Organisational change and success in a government enterprise: Malaysia’s Federal Land Development Agency
Authors: O’Donnell Michael , Mansor Norma Binit , Yogeesvaran Kunaraguru , Rashid Azlan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis article charts and analyses the change path and various transformations of Malaysia’s state-owned enterprise, the Federal Land Development Agency, from its establishment in the 1960s to the present. The analysis supports arguments that the model of the developmental state, based on planned public/private cooperation, provides an alternative policy prescription to that of sole reliance on the self-regulating market. The Federal Land Development Agency is shown not only to have survived but also to have thrived as an economic development arm of the Malaysian state, successfully adapting to the changing environment in which it operates. To delineate the changes, a framework of punctuated equilibrium is utilised as it best captures the instances of rapid discontinuous change and the periods of incremental change and relative stability.
Fra Sædvane Til Refleksion Om Ændringer i Den Uformelle Regulering af Alkoholforbruget
Authors: Schmidt Dorrit 
Published: May 2017

Has the liberalization of the formal control of alcohol consumption in Denmark led to a “liberalization” of the informal, social regulation of the drinking habits as well? A comparison between two surveys, made among men between ages 30 to 44 years old in Copenhagen in 1964 and 1993, shows that new forms of alcohol regulation have developed as the old control measures have been phased out. Social control, which earlier was implicitly tied to social custom, has become more explicit. Self-regulation is guided by a more differentiated individual awareness of problems. Women's regulation of men's alcohol use has increased and includes also lower consumption levels. In the workplace, regulations have become formalized within a system of labour agreements. Additionally the drinking habits at work are directed more by the individual than by custom.
Alcohol Consumption, Drunken Driving, and Traffic Accidents in Iceland 1966–1993
Authors: Ásmundsson Gylfi 
Published: May 2017

The aim of the article is to compare the development of the aggregate consumption of alcohol, drunken driving and traffic accidents in Iceland over a period of 28 years and to explore how changes in these factors are related. The data on traffic include the number of vehicles, the number of traffic accidents, the number of those arrested by the police suspected of drunken driving, and the proportion of alcohol-related accidents in traffic. Reliable figures for the number of traffic accidents in the country as a whole have been available since 1966; for drunken driving, since 1968 and for alcohol related traffic accidents, since 1976. The results show no significant correlation between traffic accidents and the number of vehicles but show a highly significant correlation between traffic accidents and the consumption of spirits. A significant correlation was also found between traffic accidents and the rate of drunken driving and between traffic accidents and the proportion of alcohol-related traffic accidents. In the latter part of the period a relative decrease in traffic accidents, drunken driving and alcohol related accidents was observed. The results are discussed with reference to other factors that might possibly affect this development, e.g., improvements in traffic safety and cars during the period, economic recessions, and information campaigns against drunken driving.
Alcohol Prevention in Work Places. A Comparison between Two Models
Authors: Leissner Tom , Ahlberg Karin , Allebeck Peter 
Published: May 2017

There is an increasing interest in alcohol and drug prevention in the work place. For the employers, a well developed policy on alcohol and drugs may improve the working environment and also production results. There are different models, but most existing programs focus more on secondary than on primary prevention. There is lack of documentation and evaluation of these programs. In this article, based on pilot studies, we present two models of alcohol preventive programs that have been implemented in two manufacturing companies in Sweden. By interviews with employers and employees, we have collected data to document the structure and the process of the activities carried out by two support organizations for alcohol prevention in the work place. The two organizations turned out to be very similar in structure: small (2–3 persons) consulting bodies, working with relatively short term projects on different enterprises, and with a strong commitment to their work. The process by which they implemented the program differed considerably. One worked according to a predefined concept and channeled work mainly through the administrative leaders. The other worked more within the enterprise, took note of expressed needs and interests of the company, and strived to strengthen internal networks.
Addiction and Temporality. A Discussion on Rationality, Control and Motivation
Authors: Bergmark Anders 
Published: May 2017

The well-known disagreement between the supporters of the disease concept and the defenders of a behaviouristic perspective on alcohol problems can, to some extent, be a product of the disregard of a dimension of time. This tendency to neglect the time aspect – which can be considered as the most prevalent attitude within the realms of traditional addiction research – has recently got a corrective in the theories based on the notion of rational actors and preferences with a variation over time. In this article some of the more prominent theories within the latter tradition are presented and discussed. Concretely, this means that the basic features of Becker and Murphy's (1988) model of rational addiction is compared with Ainslie's (1992) ideas concerning the intertemporal explanations for motivational conflicts. Furthermore, Elster and Loewenstein's analysis of the individual's capacity to derive utility from memory and anticipation is related to some more practical and treatment-oriented questions.
The Swedish Drug Policy – a Restrictive and Successful Model?
Authors: Tham Henrik 
Published: May 2017

Officially, Swedish drug policy is proclaimed to be successful. The success, it is claimed, depends on the implementation of a “restrictive” – in comparison to the 1960s and 1970s – drug policy in Sweden today. The question addressed in the article is whether the strict drug policy has led to less harm from narcotics than earlier. The analysis of the development of drug use is based upon case-finding studies, time series on sentenced persons, drug use among young people, and deaths as a result of drug use, among other things. According to available data, the success of the Swedish drug policy cannot be established by counting the number of drug abusers; the number increased during the 1980s. When it comes to the number of new drug users, a decrease was especially noticeable during the less strict 1970s. Whether there is a decrease also during the 1980s is a matter of interpretation, since different data sets give partly different answers. The uncertain and limited decrease in the costs of drug consumption since the beginning of the 1980s must be seen in relation to the clearly increased costs for the control of drugs. Such costs are connected to the disregard for law, increased use of limited law enforcement resources, increased use of compulsory treatment, more and longer prison sentences, and, possibly, increased mortality among drug abusers. The repressive features have become clearer. The conclusion must therefore be that the official description of Swedish drug policy as a restrictive and successful model hardly is supported by neither the terminology nor data.