bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Industrial Sickness in India: Weed for Comprehensive Identification Criteria
Authors: Dholakia Bakul H 
Published: September 2016

Prevention is better than cure—this adage is particularly significant in the context of growing industrial sickness in the country. Fundamental to the criteria used by financial institutions and government agencies to identify sickness is the recurrence of cash loss. Dholakia argues that use of various criteria based on the cash loss syndrome delays identification of sickness and results in a high proportion of terminally sick units. According to Dholakia, what is needed is a comprehensive set of empirically tested criteria which would serve as an early warning system. Abnormal fluctuations in a firm's relative position within the industry to which it belongs should be explicitly used to determine sickness at the incipient stage. This is likely to help prevent industrial sickness. However, this would require restructuring of existing systems and procedures adopted by the financial institutions.
Dimensions of Executive Charisma
Authors: Kanungo R N , Conger Jay A 
Published: September 2016

Charisma is a Greek word meaning gift. It is presumed to be characterized by some mystical qualities of leadership divinely bestowed upon rare persons. Recently, Kanungo and Conger have attempted to “strip the aura of mysticism” from charisma by proposing a model that deals with charismatic leadership within organizations strictly as a behavioural process. In this article, Kanungo and Conger suggest that the charismatic role of executives, like any other type of executive role, is a quality attributed to the executive by organization members based on their perceptions of his/her behaviour. Conceptualizing charismatic behaviour in three distinct stages, the authors identify various behavioural components that distinguish between charismatic and noncharismatic executives.
Strategic Implications of the Organizational Buying Process for Computer Marketers in India: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Murthy Gautam 
Published: September 2016

The computer industry in India has registered a spectacular growth after the enunciation of government policy on computers in 1984. Computer sales have soared; there has also been a proliferation of computer marketers. In this article, Murthy looks into the process of buying computers in organizations. A survey of four organizations (three in the private sector and one in the public sector) reveals that computer professionals have a high degree of involvement, though the final buying decision is taken by top management. The survey also reveals that it would be relevant for computer marketers to segment the market on the basis of type of industry and geographical locations. Finally, the author spells out the salient strategic aspects the marketer needs to be concerned with at each progressive stage of the organizational buying process involving computers.
Public Enterprise Management: Strategies for Success
Authors: Kaul Mohan 
Published: September 2016

What constitutes successful management of public enterprises? Executives of successful enterprises from 14 commonwealth countries exchanged their experiences and outlined strategies at two roundtable meetings under the auspices of the Commonwealth Secretariat, London. This paper is a summary of the views of the executives presented at the two meetings. In recent years, public enterprises in developed and developing countries have been criticized for not fulfilling the expectations placed on them. The case studies and the discussions at the two meetings, however, reveal that many public enterprises have been managed, successfully. The strategies outlined by the executives relate to managing the external environment, the enterprise-government interface, internal management, building enterprise culture, managing human resources, and the role of leadership.
Rehabilitation and Resettlement of Displaced Persons
Authors: Hathi Ashwin 
Published: September 2016

Large projects undertaken by governments as part of development programmes displace a large number of people from their normal habitat. Rehabilitation and resettlement of displaced persons in new sites has, therefore, become an important matter for governments. In this article, Hathi describes the objectives and processes of rehabilitation and resettlement programmes which have social, economic, and cultural ramifications. After reviewing the rehabilitation packages of several large projects in India, Hathi states that best results in rehabilitation can be attained when monitoring of the implementation of the package is incorporated in the project document itself.
Value-Based Management
Authors: Karnad Amol 
Published: September 2016

Much has been written about values and ethics in management. Much of what has been written, however, is either in the ethereal realm of the metaphysical or in the netherworld of the cynical. The debate swings between cliches about “What ought to be done” on the one hand and selfdefeating pronouncements that ”Nothing can be done” on the other. For entrepreneurs and managers, the critical question appears to revolve around the economic viability of value-based business and management. Most people spend their lives dreaming of doing, some others talk of doing but it is given only to a few to do, to dare, to demonstrate that it can be done. Amol Karnad belongs to the last category. His account of how his company has been adhering unflinchingly to the tenets of value-based management without in any way losing out on the business front is a moving account of how values can be integrated with the management of organizations.
Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) — HRD & IR Interventions
Authors: Monappa A 
Published: September 2016

What is the role of the Chief Executive in effecting change of work, culture and practices? The case presented here describes a series of strategic initiatives taken by Captain Prabhala, the Chief Executive, to improve human resources management in BEL — a public sector electronics unit. Initially, he had one question in his mind : Where should he begin? After initiating certain positive interventions, however, his concern was : How do I sustain what I have started?
Target Analysis: Cost, Quality or Both?
Authors: Balachandran K R , Srinidhi Bin 
Published: September 2016

In the increasingly competitive environment of the nineties, considerable attention has been paid to cost and quality issues. Though, traditionally, improvement in quality meant increased costs and was associated with reduced productivity, more recent research treats them as complementary characteristics. In this article, K R Balachandran and Bin Srinidhi argue that the target analysis approach which combines cost and quality issues in a complementary manner can help achieve the strategic objectives of the firm. Data from NMMC, a subsidiary of Nissan Motor Corporation located in the US, have been used to describe the process of implementation of this approach.
Allocation of Buses to Depots : A Case Study
Authors: Sridharan R 
Published: September 2016

Minimizing dead kilometres is an important operational objective of an urban road transport undertaking as dead kilometres mean additional losses. This can be achieved by formulating the underlying decision problem of allocating the buses to depots as a transportation problem. Using data from an urban road transport undertaking, R Sridharan shows how such a modelling can lead to significant reduction in dead kilometres. Given the need for fuel conservation under the current circumstances in our country, this will mean considerable saving in petrol consumption.
The New Economic Package and the Agenda for Restructuring the Financial Sector
Authors: Raghunathan V , Varma Jayanth R , Venkiteswaran N 
Published: September 2016

Jettisoning antiquated controls is the easier half of the process of market liberalization. The process of creating new regulatory mechanisms and institutions to deal with the resulting new structure of the financial sector is more difficult. In the light of the Finance Minister's proposal to set up a high power committee to review the financial system in its entirety, this article attempts to set in motion an intensive academic debate on the entire subject. The authors discuss the impact of the recent economic policy package on various facets of the financial system and argue that the agenda for the proposed committee should include the integration of various financial markets, new instruments required for hedging risk, measures for investor protection, appropriate legislation, relevant tax reforms, development of financial infrastructure and the roles of regulatory agencies.
Critical Elements in the Design of Poverty Alleviation Programmes
Authors: Bhatt Anil 
Published: September 2016

In general, poverty alleviation programmes (PAPs) have been ineffective because of various factors : the selection of the activity is faulty or the intended beneficiaries are not clearly defined or the procedures for identifying beneficiaries leave much to be desired. An important need, therefore, is to identify certain critical elements which will help in improving the design of PAPs. Based on the experiences of some governmental and voluntary efforts in the Asian region, Anil Bhatt discusses the more critical components and concludes that poverty alleviation is a tough and difficult proposition and calls for imaginative and unorthodox political and administrative changes.
Executive Health: An Oft-Neglected Aspect of HRD
Authors: Pestonjee D M , Muncherji Nina 
Published: September 2016

Today's executive is constantly subjected to mental tensions, anxiety, depression and frustration. In other words, stress is an essen tial accompaniment of executive performance. Increasingly, it is being realized that concern for executive health is vital for organizational well-being. In this article, D M Pestonjee and Nina Muncherji describe various types of diseases executives are prone to and suggest how HRD interventions can help in promoting the overall health of the executive.
India's Economic Crisis: Nature and Remedies
Authors: Dholakia Bakul H 
Published: September 2016

Currently, the Indian economy is passing through a severe crisis which is due to an accumulation of the combined effect of various forces operating in the domestic as well as the global economy. In this article, Bakul H Dholakia analyses the major elements of the present economic crisis such as foreign exchange crunch, fiscal imbalances and high rate of inflation and suggests various long-term measures for bringing the economy on even keel.
Towards a Strategy for Software Exports: The Case for Strategic Alliances
Authors: Korwai Ashok 
Published: September 2016

This article by Ashok Korwar continues the discussion of strategic issues in software exports (which was started in the July- September issue of Vikalpa) by analysing the structure of the global computer software industry in terms of major forces in each major segment of the market. Based on the analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the Indian software industry, the paper makes a case for Indian companies to enter into strategic alliances with major players in one important segment of the market — the Systems Management segment.
Short-run Share Price Behaviour: New Evidence on Weak Form of Market Efficiency
Authors: Chaudhuri S.K. 
Published: September 2016

Using daily price quotations of 93 actively traded shares for the period January 1988 to April 1990, S. K. Chaudhuri makes an attempt to examine the serial independence of share price changes. In particular, he applies the serial correlation test and the runs test to daily log price changes. The test results, according to him, do not appear to support the hypothesis of weak form of market efficiency.
Logistics Management: An Introductory Note
Authors: Raghuram G 
Published: September 2016

Logistics is a logical extension of viewing transportation along with production planning, distribution network design, location of plants and warehouses, inventory management and so on to achieve an efficient goods distribution system. This article by G Raghuram, which identifies key actors involved in logistics in the Indian context and concludes that the potential for cost reduction in logistics is substantial, could pave the way for further work in this area.
Dimensions of Guna in Organizational Setting
Authors: Kaur Parvinder , Sinha Arvind K 
Published: September 2016

The Indian concept of gunas namely Sattwa, Rajas, and Tamas is perceived to be useful in organizational behaviour research and practice. Analysing data collected from 310 executives of 13 organizations, Kaur and Sinha identify four factors — Tamas Guna, Rajas Positive Guna, Sattwa Guna, and Rajas Negative Guna and discuss the relationship of these variables with some organizationally relevant variables.
Pallavan Transport Corporation: A Case Study
Authors: Joseph Jerome , Raghuram G , Sridharan R 
Published: September 2016

The Managing Director of Pallavan Transport Corporation—the urban passenger road transport undertaking in Madras—is wondering how to chart a future path for the organization keeping in mind the twin objectives of being socially responsible as well as financially self-reliant. Readers are requested to send their responses on the case to Vikalpa office.
Weak Form of Efficient Markets Hypothesis: A Spectral Analytic Investigation
Authors: Ranganatham M , Subramanian V 
Published: September 2016

Spectral analysis is a powerful tool in detecting hidden patterns and cycles in a time series. This paper by Ranganatham and Subramanian is an attempt to test empirically the weak form of Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH) using the frequency domain approach of spectral analysis. The results of the analysis show that there are some periodic cycles in the price movements which run counter to the assertion of weak form of EMH. For a better understanding of the structure of price movements in the Indian stock market, this study calls for the use of this technique on a larger sample of individual share price series.
Management Education: The Need for Strengthening the University System
Authors: Balasubramanian A G 
Published: September 2016

The October-December 1992 issue of Vikalpa had carried a Perspectives feature on the topic: “Management Education: Yesterday, To-day and To-morrow” wherein we had published four contributions on the theme by Samuel Paul, Joe Philip, J K Satia and N R Sheth. In this issue, we carry a response on their contributions. Readers are welcome to contribute to this feature on any interesting topics covered in Vikalpa.
Predicting Corporate Sickness Using Cash Flow Analysis
Authors: Panigrahy D , Mishra D P 
Published: September 2016

Corporate sickness has been a persistent phenomenon in the Indian economy since the last two decades. In recent years, this has assumed serious proportions because of staggering amount of funds locked up in sick units. This article by Panigrahy and Mishra discusses various approaches for predicting the phenomenon of sickness in industries and presents a multivariate cash flow model to predict corporate sickness.
The Indian Institutes of Management: Need for Fresh Perspectives
Authors: Banerji Asit 
Published: September 2016

The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), conceived as centres of excellence, were expected to provide a leadership role in the field of management education in the country. Since IIMs have been in existence for about three decades, there is a need to reflect upon their impact on the Indian industry and economy. In this article, Asit Banerji examines the role and performance of IIMs and argues for a re-examination of various issues involved in management education in India. Readers may recall that in the October-December 1992 issue of Vikalpa, we had carried four contributions on the theme ‘Management Education’ wherein various issues such as developments in the field of management education, role of management schools, evolution of IIMs, etc. were discussed. This article by Asit Banerji is a continuation of the debate on the role of business schools, especially IIMs, in the Indian context.
Kalyan Pharma Ltd.
Authors: Jain Abhinandan K , Raghuram G , Agrawal Pramod K 
Published: September 2016

The case presented in this issue focuses on the interaction between the logistics and marketing aspects of KPL�a frontrunner in the pharmaceutical industry. The key strategic question is what distribution system to have to ensure good customer service as well as improved profitability. Readers are requested to send their responses on the case to Vikalpa office.
Recent Changes in the Theory and Policy of Cash Reserves Ratio and Statutory Liquidity Ratio: A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Bhole L M 
Published: September 2016

As a part of financial sector reforms, the Reserve Bank of India is committed to a reduction in the Cash Reserves Ratio (CRR) and the Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR). This paper by L M Bhole examines this issue critically and argues that the present economic conditions as well as the future economic scenario in India do not warrant a reduction in the CRR and the SLR.
Leaders in Action: Some Illustrations and Inferences
Authors: Ramnarayan S , Rao Ram Mohan 
Published: September 2016

The lasting tribute to leaders is that the culture, institutions, and practices set in motion by them persist long after their own departure from the organizational scene. Whereas the organizations move on, the imprints of these leaders continue to inspire them. In this article, S Ramnarayan and Ram Mohan Rao feature cases of six outstanding organizational helmsmen who had successfully built up and nurtured enduring organizations.
Malaysia's Privatization Programme
Authors: Dholakia Bakul H , Dholakia Ravindra H 
Published: September 2016

Malaysia is among the first few developing countries to have launched a large scale programme of privatization of public enterprises. Malaysia's experience of formulating and implementing the privatization programme is generally hailed as a success story. In this paper, Bakul H Dholakia and Ravindra H Dholakia examine various aspects of Malaysia's privatization programme such as the objectives of privatization policy, methods of privatization, issues in implementation and the impact of the programme on the Malaysian economy, and also discuss the relevance of this experience for privatization in India.
Factors Influencing the Decision to Lease: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Srinivasan N P , Murthy S Sreenivasa 
Published: September 2016

The Indian leasing industry has grown dramatically in the recent past. The reasons for leasing differ from country to country and from company to company depending on the tax and accounting policies of that country and the basic financial characteristics of the companies respectively. It is against this background that N P Srinivasan and S Sreenivasa Murthy had undertaken a survey of the opinions of Indian finance managers on the reasons influencing their decision to lease. According to them, availability, working capital, and tax and off-balance sheet factors are important factors in the decision to lease.
Strategic Plarming in Small Enterprises: Some Empirical Evidence
Authors: Ramachandran K 
Published: September 2016

What are the core elements of a strategic planning system for small enterprises? Does it range from understanding of the environment to preparation of detailed written plans? Based on available literature and a study of 117 small firms in Ahmedabad, this article by K Ramachandran focuses on this topic and discusses the nature of strategic planning that may be appropriate for small firms.
JIT Implementation: Integrating Production Planning with Process Improvements
Authors: Narayanan N 
Published: September 2016

Programmes of change such as Kaizen, JIT, TQM, etc, which envisage a cultural change, are helpful in achieving improvement as a way of life in an organization. However, the existing practice of “management by crises' can act as a formidable barrier for devoting time to improvement activities. This paper by N Narayanan explores the phenomenon of management by crises' and discusses an integrated approach aimed at facilitating development of a new practice of early detection of problems and solving problems at the source.
Seed Industry in India: Issues Arising from GATT
Authors: Basant Rakesh 
Published: September 2016

Any analysis of the Intellectual Property Rights relating to the seed industry in India needs to take cognizance of three interrelated issues: (a) that the current debate on IPR is part of a larger debate on issues relating to GATT; (b) that the options on IPR are intricately linked to the New Economic Policy and the accompanying liberalization process; and (c) that the IPR relating to plant varieties need to be seen in a broader framework of the seed policy pursued by the government. In this background, this paper by Rakesh Basant reviews the available literature and data to explore the impact of IPR on the seed industry in India.
Nagar Panchayat Hospital (A)
Authors: Sriram M S , Jairath Divya , Sinha Prashant 
Published: September 2016

The case is targeted to discuss the importance of accounting information in decision making process. While this information is available in standardized formats in corporates, the local self-government accounting is quite different. In trying to look at the desirability of detailed accounting information and accounting treatment of notional expenses such as depreciation, one generally tends to ignore the form of organization, its source of finances, and the objectives of information dissemination. The case tries to highlight and sensitize the discussants to accounting concepts as applied to local self-governments. Readers are invited to send their responses on the case to Vikalpa office.
On Corporate Strategy and Financial Strategy
Authors: Korwar Ashok 
Published: September 2016

This article by Ashok Korwar makes an attempt to systematically develop the link between corporate strategy and financial strategy. Drawing on concepts from both strategic management and financial theory, the paper develops propositions which may act as guidelines for top managers in formulating financial strategies, given the corporate strategies their companies are pursuing. A select number of corporate strategy types is considered, and the implications for capital structure, dividend policy, and capital budgeting policy of each corporate strategy type are disscussed.
Management Innovations in Government: Some International Experiences
Authors: Kaul Mohan 
Published: September 2016

Over the last two decades, there have been changes in the role and responsibilities of the government driven largely by economic pressures. There is an increasing concern, in fact, to adapt structures and values that will achieve greater efficiency and be more responsive to consumer needs. In this paper, Mohan Kaul has argued that governments would be able to succeed in the global environment by placing the concept of continuous policy review and management innovations in the centre of their philosophy.
Cooperative Rural Banking: Anad Shows the Growth-oriented Path
Authors: Desai Bhupat M , Namboodiri N V 
Published: September 2016

Anad Farmers Service Cooperative Bank is an innovative bank in both the spirit of its cooperation and rural banking. This bank is also financially viable and growth-oriented. This paper by Bhupat M Desai and N V Namboodiri analyses how this bank could be successful under the same macro rural credit policies that governed most rural financial institutions. The paper also offers some suggestions on what macro rural credit policies may continue and which ones need modifications to extend the experiment of this bank.