bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronic Acid Role in Biomaterials Prevascularization
Authors: Simińska‐Stanny Julia , Podstawczyk Daria , Delporte Christine , Nie Lei , Shavandi Armin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTissue vascularization is a major bottleneck in tissue engineering. In this review, the state of the art on the intricate role of hyaluronic acid (HA) in angiogenesis is explored. HA plays a twofold role in angiogenesis. First, when released as a free polymer in the extracellular matrix (ECM), HA acts as a signaling molecule triggering multiple cascades that foster smooth muscle cell differentiation, migration, and proliferation thereby contributing to vessel wall thickening. Simultaneously, HA bound to the plasma membrane in the pericellular space functions as a polymer block, participating in vessel formation. Starting with the HA origins in native vascular tissues, the approaches aimed at achieving vascularization in vivo are reviewed. The significance of HA molecular weight (MW) in angiogenesis and the challenges associated with utilizing HA in vascular tissue engineering (VTE) are conscientiously addressed. The review finally focuses on a thorough examination and comparison of the diverse strategies adopted to harness the benefits of HA in the vascularization of bioengineered materials. By providing a nuanced perspective on the multifaceted role of HA in angiogenesis, this review contributes to the ongoing discourse in tissue engineering and advances the collective understanding of optimizing vascularization processes assisted by functional biomaterials.
Digitonin‐Loaded Nanoscale Metal–Organic Framework for Mitochondria‐Targeted Radiotherapy‐Radiodynamic Therapy and Disulfidptosis
Authors: Zhen Wenyao , Fan Yingjie , Germanas Tomas , Tillman Langston , Li Jinhong , Blenko Abigail L. , Weichselbaum Ralph R. , Lin Wenbin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) is limited by inefficient X‐ray absorption and reactive oxygen species generation, upregulation of immunosuppressive factors, and a reducing tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, the design of a mitochondria‐targeted and digitonin (Dig)‐loaded nanoscale metal‐organic framework, Th‐Ir‐DBB/Dig, is reported to overcome these limitations and elicit strong antitumor effects upon low‐dose X‐ray irradiation. Built from Th6O4(OH)4 secondary building units (SBUs) and photosensitizing Ir(DBB)(ppy)22+ (Ir‐DBB, DBB = 4,4′‐di(4‐benzoato)−2,2′‐bipyridine; ppy = 2‐phenylpyridine) ligands, Th‐Ir‐DBB exhibits strong RT‐radiodynamic therapy (RDT) effects via potent radiosensitization with high‐Z SBUs for hydroxyl radical generation and efficient excitation of Ir‐DBB ligands for singlet oxygen production. Th‐Ir‐DBB/Dig releases digitonin in acidic TMEs to trigger disulfidptosis of cancer cells and sensitize cancer cells to RT‐RDT through glucose and glutathione depletion. The released digitonin simultaneously downregulates multiple immune checkpoints in cancer cells and T cells through cholesterol depletion. As a result, Th‐Ir‐DBB/dig plus X‐ray irradiation induces strong antitumor immunity to effectively inhibit tumor growth in mouse models of colon and breast cancer.
Efficient Deep‐Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Employing Doublet Sensitization
Authors: Sun Yu‐Fu , Chen Xu‐Lin , Zhang Dong‐Hai , Huo Peihao , Liu Zhiwei , Zhou Liang , Lin Fu‐Lin , Lu Can‐Zhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFast and efficient exciton utilization is a crucial solution and highly desirable for achieving high‐performance blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the rate and efficiency of exciton utilization in traditional OLEDs, which employ fully closed‐shell materials as emitters, are inevitably limited by spin statistical limitations and transition prohibition. Herein, a new sensitization strategy, namely doublet‐sensitized fluorescence (DSF), is proposed to realize high‐performance deep‐blue electroluminescence. In the DSF‐OLED, a doublet‐emitting cerium(III) complex, Ce‐2, is utilized as sensitizer for multi‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter ν‐DABNA. Experimental results reveal that holes and electrons predominantly recombine on Ce‐2 to form doublet excitons, which subsequently transfer energy to the singlet state of ν‐DABNA via exceptionally fast (over 108 s−1) and efficient (≈100%) Förster resonance energy transfer for deep‐blue emission. Due to the circumvention of spin‐flip in the DSF mechanism, near‐unit exciton utilization efficiency and remarkably short exciton residence time of 1.36 µs are achieved in the proof‐of‐concept deep‐blue DSF‐OLED, which achieves a Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinate of (0.13, 0.14), a high external quantum efficiency of 30.0%, and small efficiency roll‐off of 14.7% at a luminance of 1000 cd m−2. The DSF device exhibits significantly improved operational stability compared with unsensitized reference device.
Unveiling the Multifunctional Carbon Fiber Structural Battery
Authors: Chaudhary Richa , Xu Johanna , Xia Zhenyuan , Asp Leif E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStructural batteries refer to the multifunctional device capable of both storing electrical energy and bearing mechanical loads concurrently. In this context, carbon fibers emerge as a compelling choice of material and serve dual purpose by storing energy and providing stiffness and strength to the battery. Previous investigation has demonstrated proof‐of‐concept of functional positive electrodes against metallic lithium in structural battery electrolyte. Here, an all‐carbon fiber‐based structural battery is demonstrated utilizing the pristine carbon fiber as negative electrode, lithium iron phosphate (LFP)‐coated carbon fiber as positive electrode, and a thin cellulose separator. All components are embedded in structural battery electrolyte and cured to provide rigidity to the battery. The energy density of structural battery is enhanced by use of the thin separator. The structural battery composite demonstrates an energy density of 30 Wh kg−1 and cyclic stability up to 1000 cycles with ≈100% of Coulombic efficiency. Remarkably, the elastic modulus of the all‐fiber structural battery exceeds 76 GPa when tested in parallel to the fiber direction – by far highest till date reported in the literature. Structural batteries have immediate implication in replacing structural parts of electric vehicles while reducing the number of conventional batteries. Thus, offering mass savings to future electric vehicles.
Hydrogen Adsorption on Solid and Liquid Surfaces of Ga–Sn and Ga–In
Authors: Ruffman Charlie , Case Samuel R. B. , Grayson Tom , Gaston Nicola 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDynamic liquid metal catalysts have remarkable activity and selectivity toward certain reactions, such as carbon dioxide reduction. The surface hydrogen coverage may play a role in this, including controlling competing reactions such as hydrogen evolution. Using a novel method of statistically selecting relevant snapshots from a dynamic liquid metal trajectory, the hydrogen adsorption energy is reported across liquid surfaces of Ga–Sn and Ga–In via density functional theory. A fully dynamic sampling of hydrogen adsorption to the liquid metal is also conducted with ab initio molecular dynamics at temperature. The results indicate that hydrogen only associates weakly with Ga–Sn and Ga–In surfaces, with minimal difference between the two materials. Hydrogen adsorbs only slightly more stably (≈0.1 eV) to the liquid surfaces compared to the solid. A low hydrogen coverage is predicted on the liquid metal of ≈0.03 H Å−2 at potentials of around –1.15 V (vs RHE). However, the mobility of hydrogen on the liquid surface is much greater due to a novel mechanism whereby the dynamic surface rearranges, opening pathways for diffusion. The results suggest that the unique catalytic behavior of these liquid metal materials may be due to changes in adsorbate diffusivity when the metals are melted.
Narrowband Emission in Pt(II) Complexes via Ligand Engineering for Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Choi Jiyoung , Cheong Kiun , Han Seungwon , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, three stable tetradentate Pt(II) complexes are synthesized and characterized, namely, Pt‐biPh, Pt‐biPh5tBu, and Pt‐biPh4tBu, tailored for blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes to realize high‐efficiency and narrowband emissions via ligand engineering. Biphenyl (Pt‐biPh) or tert‐butyl‐modified biphenyl (Pt‐biPh5tBu and Pt‐biPh4tBu) is introduced into the carbene unit of the ligand to control the intermolecular interactions between the Pt(II) phosphors. Pt‐biPh, Pt‐biPh5tBu, and Pt‐biPh4tBu exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields of 74%, 84%, and 92% with exciton lifetimes of 2.2, 2.3, and 2.5 µs, respectively, demonstrating rapid and efficient light emission. Furthermore, Pt‐biPh, Pt‐biPh5tBu, and Pt‐biPh4tBu show maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) values of 18.1%, 19.0%, and 21.8%, respectively. Pt‐biPh5tBu and Pt‐biPh4tBu exhibit narrowband emission with a full width at half maximum of 21 nm owing to the small vibrational emission because of their sterically hindered and bulky ligand structures. Moreover, phosphor‐sensitized thermally activated delayed fluorescence devices employing a Pt‐biPh4tBu sensitizer achieve a high EQE of 28.6%. In particular, Pt‐biPh4tBu performs better than the state‐of‐the‐art phosphor as the sensitizer of the blue phosphor‐sensitized thermally activated delayed fluorescence devices in terms of the EQE.
Iron‐N,N,N’,N’‐Tetramethylethylenediamine‐Catalyzed Selective Substitution of Functionalized Diene and Triene Monoepoxides with Aliphatic Grignard Reagents
Authors: Kobayashi Shoma , Abe Kazuma , Hata Takeshi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhen γ,δ‐epoxy‐α,β‐unsaturated esters were treated with 3 equiv. of aliphatic Grignard reagents in the presence of 10 and 20 mol% FeCl2 and N,N,N’,N’‐tetramethylethylenediamine, regio‐ and stereoselective substitution of the epoxide moiety with the aliphatic Grignard reagent occurred, producing exclusively δ‐hydroxy‐γ‐alkyl‐α,β‐unsaturated esters. Similarly, γ,δ‐epoxy‐α,β,ϵ,ζ‐unsaturated esters and amides underwent transformation to the corresponding δ‐hydroxy‐γ‐alkyl‐α,β,ϵ,ζ‐unsaturated esters and amides as single isomers, respectively.
Targeting Cross‐Talks of Notch and VEGF to Tweak the EMT and EPT Dynamics in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Sen Plaboni , Ghosh Siddhartha Sankar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe associations of the Notch pathway with the major oncogenic pathways (especially the receptor tyrosine kinases, RTKs) are primarily responsible for inducing EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition), angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. In this study, Axitinib is used in combination with LY411575 (γ‐secretase inhibitor) and it is observed that the co‐treatment synergistically induced apoptosis (by 37.36% in MDAMB231 and 27.9% in MDAMB468), arrests cells at the G2/M phase, decreases the stemness properties of the triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. It also diminishes the spheroid forming ability, enhances the expression of epithelial markers, such as E‐cadherin (by 2.2 fold in MDAMB231 and 2.51 fold in MDAMB468), and downregulated the expression of mesenchymal markers. Additionally, the protein expression profile of the pro‐oncogenic and pro‐survival genes also reduces significantly after the administration of co‐therapy, which is highlighted by a reduction in the levels of pEGFR, pFAK, pMAPK, NF‐κB, etc. Moreover, the expression of pericyte markers (such as PDGFRs, α‐SMA, c‐kit, and NG2) reduces significantly in both TNBC cells upon co‐treatment, thereby hinting toward the inhibition of epithelial‐to‐pericyte transition (EPT). The current work endows with the effectiveness of the co‐therapy on the EMT and EPT dynamics of TNBC upon inhibition of the major crosstalk between the Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)t and Notch pathway.
Molecularly Woven Cationic Covalent Organic Frameworks for Highly Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2 to CO
Authors: Dagnaw Fentahun Wondu , Harrath Karim , Zheng Tao , Wu Xu‐Dong , Liu Yu‐Ze , Li Rui‐Qi , Xie Luo‐Han , Li Zhen , He Xuezhong , Tong Qing‐Xiao , Jian Jing‐Xin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCoupling carbon capture with electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CO2R) to yield high‐value chemicals presents an appealing avenue for combating climate change, yet achieving highly selective electrocatalysts remains a significant challenge. Herein, two molecularly woven covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are designed, namely CuCOF and CuCOF+, with copper(I)‐bisphenanthroline complexes as building blocks. The metal–organic helical structure unit made the CuCOF and CuCOF+ present woven patterns, and their ordered pore structures and cationic properties enhanced their CO2 adsorption and good conductivity, which is confirmed by gas adsorption and electrochemical analysis. In the electrocatalytic CO2R measurements, CuCOF+ decorated with extra ethyl groups exhibit a main CO product with selectivity of 57.81%, outperforming the CuCOF with 42.92% CO at the same applied potential of 0.8 VRHE. After loading Pd nanoparticles, CuCOF‐Pd and CuCOF+‐Pd performed increased CO selectivity up to 84.97% and 95.45%, respectively. Combining the DFT theoretical calculations and experimental measurements, it is assumed that the molecularly woven cationic COF provides a catalytic microenvironment for CO2R and ensures efficient charge transfer from the electrode to the catalytic center, thereby achieving high electrocatalytic activity and selectivity. The present work significantly advances the practice of cationic COFs in real‐time CO2 capture and highly selective conversion to value‐added chemicals.
Evaluating Chinese fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) varieties and planting dates in North Carolina
Authors: Halker China Allissa P. , Woodley Alex L. , Reberg‐Horton S. Chris , Henriquez Inoa Shannon , Suchoff David H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractField trials were conducted in 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the effects of planting date (mid‐March, mid‐April, and mid‐May) on 11 fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L. <0.3% total tetrahydrocannabinol) varieties. Trials were conducted in Goldsboro, Kinston, and Salisbury, NC. Each location followed a split‐plot randomized complete block design with at least three blocks where planting date was the main‐plot and variety the sub‐plot. Varieties investigated originated from China and Australia (2021 only). Data collection included flowering time, end of season stand counts, stem height, diameter, and final retted dry straw yield. We found differences among the varieties investigated in both years; however, no distinct trend was observed across years. All varieties investigated flowered at the end of August and beginning of September, allowing for a long growing season and ability to produce abundant biomass. In general, the Chinese genetics yielded higher stem biomass compared to previously reported European genetics. Stem thickness was >7.5 mm, which is generally considered the maximum width for textile‐grade fiber production. To achieve thinner stems from the varieties investigated, harvesting prior to male‐flower initiation may be required. The crop experienced temperatures below freezing in both years with no signs of damage. Taken together, farmers seeking to plant fiber hemp in North Carolina have a wide planting window from mid‐March to mid‐May using these Chinese varieties.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Oxetanes Catalyzed by an Engineered Halohydrin Dehalogenase
Authors: Li Junkuan , Yuan Bo , Li Congcong , Zhao Zhouzhou , Guo Jiaxin , Zhang Pengpeng , Qu Ge , Sun Zhoutong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlthough biocatalysis has garnered widespread attention in both industrial and academic realms, the enzymatic synthesis of chiral oxetanes remains an underdeveloped field. Halohydrin dehalogenases (HHDHs) are industrially relevant enzymes that have been engineered to accomplish the reversible transformation of epoxides. In this study, a biocatalytic platform was constructed for the stereoselective kinetic resolution of chiral oxetanes and formation of 1,3‐disubstituted alcohols. HheC from Agrobacterium radiobacter AD1 was engineered to identify key variants capable of catalyzing the dehalogenation of γ‐haloalcohols (via HheC M1‐M3) and ring opening of oxetanes (via HheC M4‐M5) to access both (R)‐ and (S)‐configured products with high stereoselectivity and remarkable catalytic activity, yielding up to 49 % with enantioselectivities exceeding 99 % ee and E>200. The current strategy is broadly applicable as demonstrated by expansion of the substrate scope to include up to 18 examples for dehalogenation and 16 examples for ring opening. Additionally, the functionalized products are versatile building blocks for pharmaceutical applications. To shed light on the molecular recognition mechanisms for the relevant variants, molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were performed. The current strategy expands the scope of HHDH‐catalyzed chiral oxetane ring construction, offering efficient access to both enantiomers of chiral oxetanes and 1,3‐disubstituted alcohols.
Application of microbubble air flotation to harvest Microcystis sp. from agriculture wastewater: The regulation and mechanisms
Authors: Ye Jianfeng , Zhu Zhihao , Song Zhaofeng , Xu Huiting , Xu Tianchen , Liu Hui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe harvesting of microalgae is the main bottleneck of its large‐scale biomass production, and seeking an efficient, green, and low‐cost microalgae harvesting technology is one of the urgent problems to be solved. Microbubble air flotation has been proven to be an effective measure, but the mechanisms of microbubbles‐algal cell attachment are still unclear. In this study, microbubble air flotation was used as a harvesting method for Microcystis cultured in agricultural wastewater. The process mechanism of microbubble air flotation harvesting microalgae in wastewater was fully revealed from three aspects (the design of bubble formation, the adhesion law, and the recovery rate of microalgae under different working conditions). The results show that the length of the release pipe is the main factor affecting the proportion of microbubbles with a particle size of less than 50 μm. In the process of adhesion, when the particle size of microbubbles is 0.6–1.7 times the size of Microcystis, the adhesion efficiency of microbubbles to Microcystis is the highest. Under the conditions of pressure 0.45 MPa, gas–liquid ratio 5%, and release pipe length 100 cm, the harvesting performance of Microcystis was the best. Microbubble air flotation has better harvesting performance (63.5%, collection rate) of Microcystis with higher density. By understanding the mechanism of microbubble flotation, the technical parameters of microbubble flotation for harvesting energy microalgae are optimized to provide support for the development of efficient and low‐cost devices and equipment for collecting microalgae.
Rational design of short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase for enantio‐complementary synthesis of chiral 1,2‐diols by successive hydroxymethylation and reduction of aldehydes
Authors: Ren Xiu‐Xin , Su Bing‐Mei , Xu Xin‐Qi , Xu Lian , Lin Juan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnantiopure 1,2‐diols are widely used in the production of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and functional materials as essential building blocks or bioactive compounds. Nevertheless, developing a mild, efficient and environmentally friendly biocatalytic route for manufacturing enantiopure 1,2‐diols from simple substrate remains a challenge. Here, we designed and realized a step‐wise biocatalytic cascade to access chiral 1,2‐diols starting from aromatic aldehyde and formaldehyde enabled by a newly mined benzaldehyde lyase from Sphingobium sp. combined with a pair of tailored‐made short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase from Pseudomonas monteilii (PmSDR‐MuR and PmSDR‐MuS) capable of producing (R)‐ and (S)‐1‐phenylethane‐1,2‐diol with 99% ee. The planned biocatalytic cascade could synthesize a series of enantiopure 1,2‐diols with a broad scope (16 samples), excellent conversions (94%–99%), and outstanding enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee), making it an effective technique for producing chiral 1,2‐diols in a more environmentally friendly and sustainable manner.
A selective, sensitive and fast LC–MS/MS method for cabotegravir quantification in rat plasma and pharmacokinetic investigations
Authors: Ramarao Bandaru Venkata , Kamalakaran Anand Solomon 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study presents a novel liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for quantifying cabotegravir (CAB) in rat plasma. A novel, sensitive, and rapid LC‐MS/MS method has been developed and validated. Furthermore, protein precipitation technique allowed us to lowered the limit of quantification (LOQ) to nanogram levels, allowing detection of smaller CAB amounts in plasma samples. A review of scientific literature reveals that this method is superior than published methods in terms of runtime, sensitivity, wide linearity, and cost, using LC–MS/MS to quantify CAB in biological samples. CAB reached its maximum concentration (Cmax) of 78.401 μg/mL in rat plasma at 1.50 h (Tmax). Linearity was evaluated across 0.05–1000 μg/mL for CAB using five calibration curves with at least nine standards each with r2 > 0.9997. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision and accuracy results were below 15% and acceptable as per Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines. Stability of compounds were established in a battery of stability studies, that is, benchtop, autosampler, and long‐term storage stability as well as freeze thaw cycles. The validated method can be used as a routine method to support pharmacokinetic studies.
Enhanced Efficiency of Amide‐Substituted Quinuclidine‐Boranes as Hydridic Hydrogen Atom Transfer Catalysts for Photoinduced Hydroalkylation of Unactivated Olefins†
Authors: Yang Xiao , Ma Mengdi , Xu Meichen , Pang Yubing , Zhao Haiying , Ye Juntao 
Published: September 2024

Comprehensive SummaryAn amide‐substituted quinuclidine‐borane has been identified as a more efficient hydridic hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalyst for the hydroalkylation of unactivated olefins under visible‐light irradiation. 1H NMR titration experiments reveal that the amide moiety of the quinuclidine‐borane catalyst forms stronger hydrogen bonds with the carbonyl substrates, thereby improving the reaction yields. Furthermore, it was found that the reaction yields correlate well with the association constant between the quinuclidine‐borane catalyst and the carbonyl substrate. A scale‐up reaction using a continuous‐flow photoreactor has also been demonstrated.