bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel distributed air index for efficient spatial query processing in road sensor networks on the air
Authors: Li Yanhong , Shu LihChyun , Zhu Rongbo , Li Li 
Published: March 2016

SummaryRecent development of wireless technology and smart mobile devices has spurred intense research efforts to address spatial queries. In particular, an increasing interest for tackling spatial query processing in broadcast environments has been observed. To the best of our knowledge, most of the existing work on this problem has assumed an Euclidean space. However, for real applications, query clients move within a road sensor network, where the distance between a data object and a query is determined by the connectivity of the road sensor network. This paper explores the problem of spatial query processing in road sensor networks by means of wireless data broadcast. We present an efficient method to partition the record‐keeping information about the underlying road sensor network and its associated objects, by which we develop a fully distributed air index, called integrated exponential index, based on an extended version of the Hilbert curve. We also propose efficient client‐side algorithms to facilitate the processing of several kinds of spatial queries, including kNN query, CkNN query, and range query. Finally, extensive simulation experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the strengths of our proposed techniques. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Study Regarding Failure Detection for String Monitoring Systems in Photovoltaics. Field Trial at the F Onomichi Photovoltaic Power Plant
Authors: KOGA HISAO , KAWABATA NAOHIRO 
Published: March 2016

SUMMARYSolar power business has been expanding rapidly in Japan since the new feed‐in tariff began in July 2012. Generally, monitoring for failure detection and total electric generating capacity is performed by the power conditioning system (PCS) in a large‐scale photovoltaic (PV) power plant. Although PCS monitoring can detect its own failure or a reduction in power generation amount, it is difficult to monitor in a PV string/panel. In this paper, a new failure detection method effective for detection in PV strings, by collecting the current value of each string measured at each terminal and analyzing these data, is proposed. The data collection is performed utilizing the Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications wireless communication method, realizing easy installation in both existing and new PV power plants. Finally, the effectiveness of this proposed method is shown in real‐facility demonstration experiments using the F Onomichi PV power plant.
A Technique of Automatically Tuning Decision Parameters for Rule‐Based Defect Classifier
Authors: MIYAMOTO ATSUSHI , NAKAHIRA KENJI 
Published: March 2016

SUMMARYIn automatic defect classification of semiconductor wafers using scanning electron microscope images, we propose a technique of tuning decision parameters for rule‐based defect classifiers. The proposed method adopts a coarse‐to‐fine search for reduction in processing time. However, due to search leakage, there is no guarantee that the same solutions as in a full parameter search can be obtained. In order to prevent leakage in the coarse search theoretically, the proposed method evaluates a candidate parameter set based on the estimated range of classification accuracy attained by not only the candidate but the surrounding solutions eliminated by the coarse search. Experiments on real image data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method can extract the same solutions as the full parameter search within almost the same processing time as the conventional coarse‐to‐fine search. When the sampling step of the coarse search is three to six, while the tuning time of the conventional coarse‐to‐fine search is 1 to 21 s, that of the proposed method is 5 to 35 s.
A Direct Drive θ‐Z Motor for Rotary and Linear Motion
Authors: MAKINO SHOGO , SHIKAYAMA TORU , MUROKITA IKUMA , YAHARA HARUKI , OHTO MOTOMICHI 
Published: March 2016

SUMMARYA multidimensional positioning mechanism, along with high speed and high accuracy, is essential for an industrial machine. A positioning machine operates precisely in both vertical linear motion (z‐axis) and rotary motion (θ‐axis). A ball screw mechanism is used for the z‐axis whereas a servo motor is used for the θ‐axis. We developed a direct drive θ‐z motor for rotary and linear motion. Torque and thrust are generated directly by the mover. Thus, high speed and high accuracy as well as miniaturization are achieved without using machine elements such as a ball screw and belt. In this paper, we describe the structure and operating principle of the θ‐Z motor, and the sensor that can detect the θ‐axis and the z‐axis position. In addition, we consider a design method that minimizes copper loss by taking advantage of the shape of the permanent magnet and coil. Furthermore, using a prototype we evaluated the characteristics of torque, thrust, and repeatability.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Allylic Ureas via an Isocyanate Intermediate
Authors: Jay Lucien P. , Barker Timothy J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed coupling of allylic carbonates with trimethylsilylisocyanate to provide allylic isocyanates is reported. Amines are added in a second step to yield allylic ureas in this one‐pot procedure. Use of a bidentate phosphine ligand with a large bite angle was found to be important in this transformation. The scope of allylic carbonates has been examined, as well as amines compatible with these reaction conditions.
Sedimentology and regional significance of the ‘argillite unit’, a probable Cryogenian map unit in southeast Yukon, Canada
Authors: MacNaughton Robert B. , Pigage Lee C. , Allen Tammy L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAn unnamed succession of volcaniclastic argillite, sandstone, and conglomerate (the ‘argillite unit’) is exposed in an inlier in southeastern Yukon (NTS 95C/5). These strata were hornfelsed during emplacement of the Pool Creek syenite (ca. 640–650 Ma) and are correlated with the late Cryogenian Hay Creek Group of the Mackenzie Mountains based on lithostratigraphic evidence and published constraints from detrital zircons. The unit preserves three argillite lithofacies, two sandstone lithofacies, and two conglomerate lithofacies. The argillite and sandstone can be grouped into three facies associations, reflecting differing volumes of sandstone and the presence or absence of chaotic bedding. Deposition was mainly from sediment‐gravity flows, particularly turbidity currents and debris flows. Post‐depositional slumping was common, and the succession is interpreted to have been deposited on a slope that trended NNW and dipped to the ENE. This orientation was subparallel to but facing towards the contemporaneous slope of the Hay Creek Group in the Mackenzie Mountains. Conglomeratic facies are dominated by angular to poorly rounded clasts of subalkali basalt that probably were entrained in debris flows during or soon after eruption and otherwise saw little transport or weathering. Geochemistry of the clasts is permissive of a rift‐related setting. Following deposition, but prior to deposition of overlying Cambro‐Ordovician strata, the argillite unit underwent compression that produced broad, open folds, consistent with recent proposals for late Neoproterozoic transtension–transpression on the present‐day northwest margin of Laurentia. The argillite unit provides a snapshot of the geological evolution of southeast Yukon during the late Cryogenian, providing a new data point for reconstructing the protracted and complex rifting history of Rodinia in western Canada. © 2016 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Geological Journal © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of medications that antagonize mediators of inflammatory responses may reduce the risk of delirium in older adults: a nested case–control study
Authors: Cole Martin G. , McCusker Jane , Wilchesky Machelle , Voyer Philippe , Monette Johanne , Champoux Nathalie , Vu Minh , Ciampi Antonio , Belzile Eric 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore whether the use of medications that antagonize mediators of inflammatory responses reduces the risk of delirium in older adults.MethodsA nested case–control study was conducted using data from a prospective study of delirium in older long‐term care residents from 7 long‐term care facilities in Montreal and Quebec City, Canada. The Confusion Assessment Method was used to diagnose incident delirium. The use of medications that antagonize mediators of inflammatory responses was determined by examining facility pharmacy databases and coding medications received daily by each resident. Risk sets were built using incidence density sampling: each risk set consisted of a case with incident delirium and all controls without incident delirium at the same date and facility. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the association of exposure to inflammation antagonist medications with the incidence of delirium.ResultsOf 254 residents, 95 developed incident delirium during 24 weeks (cases); each case was matched with up to 35 controls. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of delirium for residents exposed to at least one inflammation antagonist medication were 0.53 (0.34, 0.81) and 0.60 (0.38, 0.92), respectively. Estimates of the risk of incident delirium associated with specific medications and medication classes were mostly protective but not statistically significant.ConclusionThe use of medications that antagonize mediators of inflammatory responses may reduce the risk of delirium in older adults. Despite study limitations, the findings merit further investigation using larger patient samples, more precise measures of exposure and better control of potential confounding variables. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differences Between Classical and Bayesian Estimates for Mixed Logit Models: A Replication Study
Authors: Elshiewy Ossama , Zenetti German , Boztug Yasemin 
Published: March 2016

SummaryThe mixed logit model is widely used in applied econometrics. Researchers typically rely on the free choice between the classical and Bayesian estimation approach. However, empirical evidence of the similarity of their parameter estimates is sparse. The presumed similarity is mainly based on one empirical study that analyzes a single dataset (Huber J, Train KE. 2001. On the similarity of classical and Bayesian estimates of individual mean partworths. Marketing Letters12(3): 259–269). Our replication study offers a generalization of their results by comparing classical and Bayesian parameter estimates from six additional datasets and specifically for panel versus cross‐sectional data. In general, our results suggest that the two methods provide similar results, with less similarity for cross‐sectional data than for panel data. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Placental Size Is Associated Differentially With Postnatal Bone Size and Density
Authors: Holroyd Christopher R , Osmond Clive , Barker David JP , Ring Sue M , Lawlor Debbie A , Tobias Jon H , Smith George Davey , Cooper Cyrus , Harvey Nicholas C 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

We investigated relationships between placental size and offspring adolescent bone indices using a population-based, mother–offspring cohort. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) recruited pregnant women from the southwest of England between 1991 and 1993. There were 12,942 singleton babies born at term who survived at least the first 12 months. From these, 8933 placentas were preserved in formaldehyde, with maternal permission for their use in research studies. At the approximate age of 15.5 years, the children underwent a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan (measurements taken of the whole body minus head bone area [BA], bone mineral content [BMC], and areal bone mineral density [aBMD]). A peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) scan (Stratec XCT2000L; Stratec, Pforzheim, Germany) at the 50% tibial site was performed at this visit and at approximately age 17.7 years. In 2010 a sample of 1680 placentas were measured and photographed. To enable comparison of effect size across different variables, predictor and outcome variables were standardized to Z-scores and therefore results may be interpreted as partial correlation coefficients. Complete placental, DXA, and pQCT data were available for 518 children at age 15.5 years. After adjustment for gender, gestational age at birth, and age at time of pQCT, the placental area was positively associated with endosteal circumference (β [95% CI]: 0.21 [0.13, 0.30], p &lt; 0.001), periosteal circumference (β [95% CI]: 0.19 [0.10, 0.27], p &lt; 0.001), and cortical area (β [95% CI]: 0.10 [0.01, 0.18], p = 0.03), and was negatively associated with cortical density (β [95% CI]: –0.11 [–0.20, –0.03], p = 0.01) at age 15.5 years. Similar relationships were observed for placental volume, and after adjustment for additional maternal and offspring covariates. These results suggest that previously observed associations between placental size and offspring bone development persist into older childhood, even during puberty, and that placental size is differentially related to bone size and volumetric density. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Analytical modeling of Junctionless Accumulation Mode Cylindrical Surrounding Gate MOSFET (JAM‐CSG)
Authors: Trivedi Nitin , Kumar Manoj , Haldar Subhasis , Deswal S.S , Gupta Mridula , Gupta R. S. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryThis paper presents physics based analytical model for center potential, electric field and subthreshold drain current of Junctionless Accumulation Mode Cylindrical Surrounding Gate MOSFET (JAM‐CSG). The expressions are derived from Poisson's equation in cylindrical co‐ordinate system based on parabolic potential approximation (PPA). The influence of technology parameter variations such as gate length, silicon pillar diameter and oxide thickness on electrical characteristics is studied in detail. Developed analytical model results are validated through the good agreement with simulated data obtained from ATLAS 3D simulator. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alcohol‐related deficient fracture healing is associated with activation of FoxO transcription factors in mice
Authors: Roper Philip M. , Abbasnia Pegah , Vuchkovska Aleksandra , Natoli Roman M. , Callaci John J. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThe process of fracture healing is complex, and poor or incomplete healing remains a significant health problem. Proper fracture healing relies upon resident mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into chondrocytes and osteoblasts, which are necessary for callus formation and ossification. Alcohol abuse is a leading contributor to poor fracture healing. Although the mechanism behind this action is unknown, excessive alcohol consumption is known to promote systemic oxidative stress. The family of FoxO transcription factors is activated by oxidative stress, and FoxO activation antagonizes Wnt signaling, which regulates mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. We hypothesize that alcohol exposure increases oxidative stress leading to deficient fracture repair by activating FoxO transcription factors within the fracture callus which disrupts chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. Our laboratory has developed an experimental model of delayed fracture union in mice using ethanol administration. We have found that ethanol administration significantly decreases external, cartilaginous callus formation, and hallmarks of endochondral ossification, and these changes are concomitant with increases in FoxO expression and markers of activation in fracture callus tissue of these mice. We were able to prevent these alcohol‐induced effects with the administration of the antioxidant n‐acetyl cysteine (NAC), suggesting that alcohol‐induced oxidative stress produces the perturbed endochondral ossification and FoxO expression. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:2106–2115, 2016.
Biomechanical characteristics of pedicle screws in osteoporotic vertebrae—comparing a new cadaver corpectomy model and pure pull‐out testing
Authors: Schulze Martin , Gehweiler Dominic , Riesenbeck Oliver , Wähnert Dirk , Raschke Michael J. , Hartensuer René , Vordemvenne Thomas 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTCurrently, evaluation of the stability of spinal instrumentations often focuses on simple pull‐out or cyclic loading. However, the loading characteristics and the specimen alignment rarely simulate physiological loading conditions, or the clinical situation itself. The purpose of this study was to develop an alternative setup and parameters to compare static and dynamic characteristics of pedicle screws at the bone‐implant interface in lumbar osteoporotic cadavers. A corpectomy model development was based on ASTM‐1717 standard, allowing a deflection of the cranial and caudal element under loading. Twelve human osteoporotic vertebrae (L1–L4) were analyzed for morphological CT‐data and T‐Score. For group A (n = 6) loads were simulated as in vivo measurements during walking, representing 2 months postoperatively. A subsequent pull‐out was performed. Group B (n = 6) was tested with pure pull‐out. Screw loosening at the tip/head was optically measured and analyzed with respect to clinical patterns. Correlations between CT‐data, T‐Score, and in vitro parameters were determined. For group A, the subsidence for the head/tip was measured towards the upper/lower endplate, resulting in visible deflections. The progress of the subsidence was greatest within the first and last cycles until failure. The predominant patterns were pure rotation and toggling. However, the pull‐out between groups was not significantly different. Pedicle‐angle and cyclic‐subsidence correlated with R = 0.806/0.794. T‐Score and pull‐out correlated only in group A. With the corpectomy setup, clinically observed wipe effects and a loss of correction could be simulated. The presented parameters facilitate analysis of the complex changing load distributions and interactions between the left and right bone‐implant interface. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:167–174, 2017.
Acid‐Labile Amphiphilic PEO‐b‐PPO‐b‐PEO Copolymers: Degradable Poloxamer Analogs
Authors: Worm Matthias , Kang Biao , Dingels Carsten , Wurm Frederik R. , Frey Holger 
Published: March 2016

Poly ((ethylene oxide)‐b‐(propylene oxide)‐b‐(ethylene oxide)) triblock copolymers commonly known as poloxamers or Pluronics constitute an important class of nonionic, biocompatible surfactants. Here, a method is reported to incorporate two acid‐labile acetal moieties in the backbone of poloxamers to generate acid‐cleavable nonionic surfactants. Poly(propylene oxide) is functionalized by means of an acetate‐protected vinyl ether to introduce acetal units. Three cleavable PEO‐PPO‐PEO triblock copolymers (Mn,total = 6600, 8000, 9150 g·mol−1; Mn,PEO = 2200, 3600, 4750 g·mol−1) have been synthesized using anionic ring‐opening polymerization. The amphiphilic copolymers exhibit narrow molecular weight distributions (Ð = 1.06–1.08). Surface tension measurements reveal surface‐active behavior in aqueous solution comparable to established noncleavable poloxamers. Complete hydrolysis of the labile junctions after acidic treatment is verified by size exclusion chromatography. The block copolymers have been employed as surfactants in a miniemulsion polymerization to generate polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles with mean diameters of ≈200 nm and narrow size distribution, as determined by dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy. Acid‐triggered precipitation facilitates removal of surfactant fragments from the nanoparticles, which simplifies purification and enables nanoparticle precipitation “on demand.”
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Research and application of city ventilation assessments based on satellite data and GIS technology: a case study of the Yanqi Lake Eco‐city in Huairou District, Beijing
Authors: Liu Yonghong , Fang Xiaoyi , Cheng Chen , Luan Qingzu , Du Wupeng , Xiao Xiaojun , Wang Huaisheng 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTA method of performing city‐scale ventilation assessments based on remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) technology is proposed and applied effectively in an assessment of the local ventilation environment before and after the construction of the Yanqi Lake Eco‐city in Huairou District, Beijing. The ventilation environment of a city is dependent on its background wind environment and ventilation potential. The background wind environment can be assessed through meteorological statistical analyses or numerical simulations, whereas the ventilation potential can be estimated using the underlying surface dynamic roughness length (RL) and the surrounding sky view factor (SVF). Based on the principle of morphology, the RL of a vegetation area is determined mainly by the vegetation types, vegetation canopy area index and vegetation height, whereas the RL of an urban area is defined mainly by the building area coverage and building height. The SVF can be estimated according to high‐resolution digital raster elevation data. Based on the combination of the RL and SVF, the ventilation potential is graded, and the ventilation potential index (VPI) is defined and used to assess quantitatively the ventilation capacity of the city. The present study calculates the RL of the Yanqi Lake Eco‐city using Landsat‐TM5 satellite data from 26 July 2011, Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) satellite data from 2005 and Beijing basic geographical data at 1:2000 from 2009. Subsequently, the RL and ventilation potential distribution of the Yanqi Lake Eco‐city is mapped at a 100 m spatial resolution. The ventilation conditions before and after the construction of the Yanqi Lake Eco‐city are evaluated using the VPI in combination with the background wind field. According to changes in the ventilation capacity, relevant policy suggestions for urban buildings and design factors for ventilated corridors are postulated.
Half hexagonal broadband high gain microstrip patch antenna for mobile and radar applications
Authors: Mondal Kalyan , Sarkar Partha Pratim 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents the design of a broadband microstrip patch antenna for wireless communication. The proposed antenna consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate which has a ground plane on the other side. A half hexagonal microstrip patch antenna is designed using PTFE substrate with dielectric constant 2.4 and thickness h = 1.6 mm. To enhance the bandwidth, rectangular slots are incorporated on the ground plane of the half hexagon patch. The proposed antenna works within the frequency range of 2.0–11.5 GHz which exhibits 141% bandwidth with a peak gain of 6.2 dBi. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1028–1032, 2016
Bi‐band fresnel reflectarray for unmanned aerial system (UAS)‐satellite communication
Authors: Ba O. , Lanteri J. , Migliaccio C. , Menzel W. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThis article describes the design of a passive Bi‐band Fresnel reflectarray (20–30 GHz). It is focused on the design of the reflecting panel of the reflectarray. Two different primary feeds will be used at 20 and 30 GHz, respectively for demonstrating the proposed concept. Nevertheless, in the final design a switched primary feed will have to be used. The dual operation band is obtained with multiple resonant elementary cells. Although the paper deals with linearly polarized primary feed, an interesting property of these cells is that they also work with circular polarization. Moreover, a phase correction based on Fresnel zones is used in order to ensure the best tradeoff between simplicity and radiating performance. Finally, the reflecting panel is made and radiation pattern and gain measurements are shown. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1025–1028, 2016