bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative and correlation analysis of the DNA methylation and expression of DAPK in breast cancer
Authors: Zhu Youzhi , Li Shuiqin , Wang Qingshui , Chen Ling , Wu Kunlin , Huang Yide , Chen Xiangjin , Lin Yao 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundDeath-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK) is an important tumor suppressor kinase involved in the regulation of multiple cellular activities such as apoptosis and autophagy. DNA methylation of DAPK gene was found in various types of cancers and often correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics. However, the mRNA and protein expression of DAPK in the same sample was rarely measured. Thus, it was unclear if the correlation between DAPK gene methylation and clinicopathological parameters was due to the loss of DAPK expression.MethodsIn this study, the DNA methylation rate, mRNA and protein expression of DAPK was quantitatively detected in 15 pairs of breast cancer patient samples including tumor (T) and adjacent non-tumor (N) tissues.ResultsThe correlation between DNA methylation rate and mRNA expression, together with the correlation between mRNA and protein expression, was calculated. No correlation was observed between any levels using either the measurement value of each sample or the T/N ratio of each pair.DiscussionThese data suggested that the DNA methylation status of DAPK did not correlate well with its mRNA or protein expression. Extra caution is needed when interpreting the DNA methylation data of DAPK gene in clinical studies.
Long-Term Functional Outcome and Quality of Life After Restorative Proctocolectomy With Mucosectomy and Hand Suture IPAA: 20 Years' Experience in 326 Patients
Authors: Christou Christos , Rosenberg Theofilos , Chatziioannou Aristotelis , Emmanouil Theodoros , Ladoukakis Efthymios , Baratsis Sotirios 
Published: March 2017

This paper was designed to evaluate the functional outcome and assess the long-term quality of life (QoL) of patients who underwent restorative proctocolectomy with mucosectomy and hand suture ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) over 20 years. Restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA is the surgical treatment of choice to all familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients and those with ulcerative colitis (UC) not responding to conservative management. The procedure has been modified from a transanal hand-suture IPAA after mucosectomy to a stapled IPAA without mucosectomy, but the benefits are still debatable. We studied retrospectively all UC and FAP patients subjected to the procedure between 1987 and 2006, using the SF-36 Health Survey, the Wexner score for incontinence, and an additional questionnaire evaluating various aspects of functional outcome and late complications.
A total of 326 patients (53% male) were included in the study. Pouchitis was recorded in 31% of UC and 5% of FAP patients. Anastomotic stricture was observed in 24% of UC and 8% of FAP patients. IPAA-related pouch failures occurred in 9% of UC and 3% of FAP. The median number of bowel movements per 24 hours was 6 (range: 2–20) with 1 (range: 0–8) bowel motion occurring at night. Wexner score was 3.27 (±0.32) for UC and 1.22 (±0.36) for FAP. The overall norm-based SF-36 score for physical/mental health status was 52.85/50.31 and 57.29/50.05 respectively. Restorative proctocolectomy with mucosectomy and hand suture IPAA is a safe procedure with good functional results and quality of life in well-satisfied patients. Pouchitis, anastomotic strictures, and pouch failures were mainly observed in the UC group.
A model integrating longshore and cross‐shore processes for predicting long‐term shoreline response to climate change
Authors: Vitousek Sean , Barnard Patrick L. , Limber Patrick , Erikson Li , Cole Blake 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe present a shoreline change model for coastal hazard assessment and management planning. The model, CoSMoS‐COAST (Coastal One‐line Assimilated Simulation Tool), is a transect‐based, one‐line model that predicts short‐term and long‐term shoreline response to climate change in the 21st century. The proposed model represents a novel, modular synthesis of process‐based models of coastline evolution due to longshore and cross‐shore transport by waves and sea level rise. Additionally, the model uses an extended Kalman filter for data assimilation of historical shoreline positions to improve estimates of model parameters and thereby improve confidence in long‐term predictions. We apply CoSMoS‐COAST to simulate sandy shoreline evolution along 500 km of coastline in Southern California, which hosts complex mixtures of beach settings variably backed by dunes, bluffs, cliffs, estuaries, river mouths, and urban infrastructure, providing applicability of the model to virtually any coastal setting. Aided by data assimilation, the model is able to reproduce the observed signal of seasonal shoreline change for the hindcast period of 1995–2010, showing excellent agreement between modeled and observed beach states. The skill of the model during the hindcast period improves confidence in the model's predictive capability when applied to the forecast period (2010–2100) driven by GCM‐projected wave and sea level conditions. Predictions of shoreline change with limited human intervention indicate that 31% to 67% of Southern California beaches may become completely eroded by 2100 under sea level rise scenarios of 0.93 to 2.0 m.
A regional and nonstationary model for partial duration series of extreme rainfall
Authors: Gregersen Ida Bülow , Madsen Henrik , Rosbjerg Dan , Arnbjerg‐Nielsen Karsten 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRegional extreme value models for estimation of extreme rainfall intensities are widely applied, but their underlying assumption of stationarity is challenged. Many recent studies show that the rainfall extremes worldwide exhibit a nonstationary behavior. This paper presents a spatiotemporal model of extreme rainfall. The framework is built on a partial duration series approach with a nonstationary, regional threshold value. The model is based on generalized linear regression solved by generalized estimation equations. It allows a spatial correlation between the stations in the network and accounts furthermore for variable observation periods at each station and in each year. Marginal regional and temporal regression models solved by generalized least squares are used to validate and discuss the results of the full spatiotemporal model. The model is applied on data from a large Danish rain gauge network for four durations ranging from 10 min to 24 h. The observation period differs between stations, and the number of stations with more than 10 years of observations has increased over the years. A spatiotemporal model for the threshold is suggested, applying the mean annual precipitation and time as the explanatory variables in the regional and temporal domain, respectively. Further analysis of partial duration series with nonstationary and regional thresholds shows that the mean exceedances also exhibit a significant variation in space and time for some rainfall durations, while the shape parameter is found to be constant.
The seasonality and geographic dependence of ENSO impacts on U.S. surface ozone variability
Authors: Xu Li , Yu Jin‐Yi , Schnell Jordan L. , Prather Michael J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe examine the impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on surface ozone abundance observed over the continental United States (U.S.) during 1993–2013. The monthly ozone decreases (increases) during El Niño (La Niña) years with amplitude up to 1.8 ppb per standard deviation of Niño 3.4 index. The largest ENSO influences occur over two southern U.S. regions during fall when the ENSO develops and over two western U.S. regions during the winter to spring after the ENSO decays. ENSO affects surface ozone via chemical processes during warm seasons in southern regions, where favorable meteorological conditions occur, but via dynamic transport during cold seasons in western regions, where the ENSO‐induced circulation variations are large. The geographic dependence and seasonality of the ENSO impacts imply that regulations regarding air quality and its exceedance need to be adjusted for different seasons and U.S. regions to account for the ENSO‐driven patterns in surface ozone.
Linac‐based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the treatment of refractory trigeminal neuralgia: Detailed description of SRS procedure and reported clinical outcomes
Authors: Pokhrel Damodar , Sood Sumit , McClinton Christopher , Saleh Habeeb , Badkul Rajeev , Jiang Hongyu , Stepp Timothy , Camarata Paul , Wang Fen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurpose/ObjectivesTo present our linac‐based SRS procedural technique for medically and/or surgically refractory trigeminal neuralgia (TN) treatment and simultaneously report our clinical outcomes.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐seven refractory TN patients who were treated with a single fraction of 80 Gy to TN. Treatment delivery was performed with a 4 mm cone size using 7‐arc arrangement with differential‐weighting for Novalis‐TX with six MV‐SRS (1000 MU/min) beam and minimized dose to the brainstem. Before each treatment, Winston–Lutz quality assurance (QA) with submillimeter accuracy was performed. Clinical treatment response was evaluated using Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain intensity score, rated from I to V.ResultsOut of 27 patients, 22 (81%) and 5 (19%) suffered from typical and atypical TN, respectively, and had median follow‐up interval of 12.5 months (ranged: 1–53 months). For 80 Gy prescriptions, delivered total average MU was 19440 ± 611. Average beam‐on‐time was 19.4 ± 0.6 min. Maximum dose and dose to 0.5 cc of brainstem were 13.4 ± 2.1 Gy (ranged: 8.4–15.9 Gy) and 3.6 ± 0.4 Gy (ranged: 3.0–4.9 Gy), respectively. With a median follow‐up of 12.5 months (ranged: 1–45 months) in typical TN patients, the proportion of patients achieving overall pain relief was 82%, of which half achieved a complete pain relief with BNI score of I‐II and half demonstrated partial pain reduction with BNI score of IIIA‐IIIB. Four typical TN patients (18%) had no response to radiosurgery treatment. Of the patients who responded to treatment, actuarial pain recurrence free survival rates were approximately 100%, 75%, and 50% at 12 months, 15 months, and 24 months, respectively. Five atypical TN patients were included, who did not respond to treatment (BNI score: IV–V). However, no radiation‐induced cranial‐toxicity was observed in all patients treated.ConclusionLinac‐based SRS for medically and/or surgically refractory TN is a fast, effective, and safe treatment option for patients with typical TN who had excellent response rates. Patients, who achieve response to treatment, often have durable response rates with moderate actuarial pain recurrence free survival. Longer follow‐up interval is anticipated to confirm our clinical observations.
Transition Metal‐Free Iodosobenzene‐Promoted Direct Oxidative 3‐Arylation of Quinoxalin‐2(H)‐ones with Arylhydrazines
Authors: Paul Sanjay , Ha Ji Hyeon , Park Ga Eul , Lee Yong Rok 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA transition metal‐free iodosobenzene‐promoted direct oxidative 3‐arylation of quinoxalin‐2(H)‐ones was developed using various arylhydrazines under air. The protocol affords a variety of 3‐arylquinoxalin‐2(H)‐one derivatives in moderate to good yields. This method provides a rapid access to biologically interesting benzo[g]quinoxalinones and pyrido[3,4‐b]pyrazinones. The present methodology features high functional group tolerance including base‐sensitive groups as well as allyl‐ and benzyl‐substituted quinoxalin‐2(H)‐ones under mild reaction conditions.magnified image
The second epidemiologic transition on the brink: What we can learn from the island of Newfoundland during the early 20th century
Authors: Schmidt Dana M. , Sattenspiel Lisa 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesWe aim to understand how the second epidemiologic transition unfolded on the island of Newfoundland during the early 20th century. The focus is on changes in predominant causes of mortality throughout this period, urban and rural differences, and comparisons with other Western nations. We explore factors driving these patterns including the economy, nutrition, sanitation, and access to healthcare and discuss their relevance to understanding epidemiologic transitions in other developing regions.MethodsWe examined official provincial death records (n = 65,394) and census materials from 1900 to 1939 for three rural districts (Burgeo‐La Poile, Bonavista, and Twillingate) and the large city of St. John's. Life expectancies, infant mortality rates, survival curves, and proportionate mortality from communicable and non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) were calculated.RESULTSIn all districts, old age mortality increased while infant and childhood mortality decreased, with corresponding increases in life expectancy. Proportionate mortality from communicable causes decreased while deaths from NCDs increased. These changes occurred earlier in urban St. John's than in outlying districts, suggesting rural–urban differences played a significant role in Newfoundland's second epidemiologic transition. However, the transition was significantly delayed relative to other Western nations.CONCLUSIONSWe suggest that observed mortality patterns were the result of complex interactions between the poor economy, malnutrition, high prevalence of tuberculosis, and limited health and social services. These factors contribute to the delayed onset of the second epidemiologic transition in Newfoundland relative to other Western nations and the earlier onset in St. John's than in rural areas.
Stabilisierung von hochoxidierten Upconversion‐Nanopartikeln mit N‐heterocyclischen Carbenen
Authors: Möller Nadja , Rühling Andreas , Lamping Sebastian , Hellwig Tim , Fallnich Carsten , Ravoo Bart Jan , Glorius Frank 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDie Stabilisierung von hochoxidierten Nanopartikeln mit N‐heterocyclischen Carbenen wird beschrieben. Solche Nanopartikel repräsentieren eine wichtige Untergruppe im Feld der Nanopartikel. Sie stellen andere Anforderungen an geeignete Liganden als elementare Metallnanopartikel. Durch die N‐heterocyclischen Carbene stabilisierte NaYF4:Yb,Tm‐Upconversion‐Nanopartikel wurden mittels einer Ligandenaustauschreaktion ausgehend von einer wohldefinierten Vorstufe synthetisiert. Dieses neue photoaktive Material wurde umfassend charakterisiert und in der Aktivierung von photoresponsiven Molekülen durch Nahinfrarot‐Licht (980 nm) mit niedriger Intensität angewendet.
Application of Methyl Bisphosphine‐Ligated Palladium Complexes for Low Pressure N‐11C‐Acetylation of Peptides
Authors: Andersen Thomas L. , Nordeman Patrik , Christoffersen Heidi F. , Audrain Hélène , Antoni Gunnar , Skrydstrup Troels 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA mild and effective method is described for 11C‐labeling of peptides selectively at the N‐terminal nitrogen or at internal lysine positions. The presented method relies on the use of specific biphosphine palladium–methyl complexes and their high reactivity towards amino‐carbonylation of amine groups in the presence [11C]carbon monoxide. The protocol facilitates the production of native N‐11C‐acetylated peptides, without any structural modifications and has been applied to a selection of bioactive peptides.
Synthesis of random and block copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate by RAFT miniemulsion polymerizations mediated by a fluorinated xanthate
Authors: Huang Zhihui , Pan Pengju , Bao Yongzhong 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTReversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer miniemulsion (co)polymerizations of vinyl acetate (VAc) and vinyl chloride (VC) are conducted in the presence of a fluorinated xthanate (X1). VAc miniemulsion polymerization can be well controlled by X1, and PVAc with small polydispersity index (PDI, <1.20) are obtained. X1 also shows well mediative effect to VC‐VAc miniemulsion copolymerization, while the PDI of VC‐VAc copolymer is greater than that of PVAc since a chain transfer rate to VC is greater than that to VAc. PVAc‐b‐PVC copolymers are synthesized by VC miniemulsion polymerizations mediated by X1‐terminated PVAc. PDIs of PVAc‐b‐PVC copolymers are greater than that of PVAc and VC‐VAc random copolymers with close monomer compositions, and increase with the increase of VC conversion. This is caused by the increased chain transfer to monomer and the formation of monomer‐rich and polymer‐rich phases during the VC polymerization stage. As‐prepared PVAc‐b‐PVC copolymers exhibit a micro‐phase separated morphology. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45074.
Cold‐water coral Madrepora oculata in the eastern Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean): Historical and recent findings
Authors: Fanelli Emanuela , Delbono Ivana , Ivaldi Roberta , Pratellesi Marta , Cocito Silvia , Peirano Andrea 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Cold‐water coral (CWC) ecosystems are long‐lived, slow‐growing and fragile, which makes them especially vulnerable to physical damage. In recent decades, CWCs have been severely threatened by fisheries, hydrocarbon extraction, pollution and other human activities.
In the Mediterranean Sea, some investigations have been carried out on CWC ecosystems, mostly focused on their distributions within the central and eastern basins.
Historical reports and fishermen's maps for the eastern Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean) from the 1960s document the occurrence of extensive banks of living CWC, mostly Madrepora oculata, between depths of 200 and 500 m.
In 2013/2014, multibeam, side scan sonar (SSS) and remotely operated vehicle (ROV) surveys were carried out in that area, specifically in the Levante Canyon, to assess the occurrence, distribution and conservation status of CWC.
The SSS and ROV showed numerous trawl tracks and small (10 cm high), dead, buried colonies at 300–500 m. Deeper, between 525 and 575 m, dense populations of living, 1 m high colonies of Madrepora oculata were found on the flanks of Levante Canyon. The deep sites showed colonies overturned or entangled by long‐line fishing activities.
The discovery of new CWC banks not yet heavily damaged by fishing activities, suggests that urgent measures for conservation should be taken in the Mediterranean and worldwide. The present limitation of trawl‐fishing to above 1000 m depth, established by the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) in 2005, seems to be ineffective, since CWCs are mostly located at less than 1000 m depth in the Ligurian Sea. A network of high‐seas/deep‐sea marine protected areas (MPAs) would favour a better strategy for protecting substantial areas of CWCs.
Synthesis of a Silyl Cobalt Hydride and Its Catalytic Performance in Kumada Coupling Reactions
Authors: Xu Shilu , Zhang Peng , Li Xiaoyan , Xue Benjing , Sun Hongjian , Fuhr Olaf , Fenske Dieter 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFour silyl [P,Si]‐chelate cobalt complexes (2–5) have been synthesized through the chelate‐assisted Si−H activation of bidentate preligand ortho‐HSi(Me)2(PPh2)C6H4 (1) with CoMe(PMe3)4 and CoCl(PMe3)3. The silyl CoI complex, Co(PMe3)3(1‐Si(Me)2‐2‐(PPh2)C6H4) (2), was synthesized by Si−H activation of 1 with CoMe(PMe3)4 or by combining complex 5 with MeLi and PMe3. Complex 2 was treated with CH3I or EtBr, generating the silyl CoII products CoI(PMe3)2(1‐Si(Me)2‐2‐(PPh2)C6H4) (3) and CoBr(PMe3)2(1‐Si(Me)2‐2‐(PPh2)C6H4) (4). The silyl CoIII hydride, CoHCl(PMe3)2(1‐Si(Me)2‐2‐(PPh2)C6H4) (5), was obtained by the reaction of complex 1 with CoCl(PMe3)3. The catalytic performance of complex 5 was explored for Kumada coupling reactions, showing good to excellent catalytic efficiency with 2 mol % catalyst loading for the reactions of aryl chlorides or aryl bromides with Grignard reagents. It is noteworthy that the synthesis of 5 as a chelate complex is easier than that of previously reported [PSiP]‐pincer cobalt hydride. With similar catalytic efficiency for Kumada reactions, the catalyst loading (2 %) of 5 was lower than that (5 %) of [PSiP]‐pincer cobalt hydride.
Essential Oils of Myrtaceae Species Growing Wild in Tunisia: Chemical Variability and Antifungal Activity Against Biscogniauxia mediterranea, the Causative Agent of Charcoal Canker
Authors: Yangui Islem , Zouaoui Boutiti Meriem , Boussaid Mohamed , Messaoud Chokri 
Published: March 2017

The chemical composition of five Eucalyptus species and five Myrtus communis L. populations was investigated using GC/MS and GC‐FID. For Eucalyptus essential oils, 32 compounds, representing 88.56 – 96.83% of the total oil according to species, were identified. The main compounds were 1,8‐cineole, α‐pinene, p‐cymene, γ‐gurjunene, α‐aromadendrene, and β‐phellandrene. For Myrtle essential oils, 26 compounds, representing 93.13 – 98.91% of the total oil were identified. α‐Pinene, 1,8‐cineole, linalool, and myrtenyl acetate were found to be the major compounds. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed chemical differentiation between Eucalyptus species and between Myrtle populations. Biscogniauxia mediterranea, the causative agent of charcoal canker, was identified according to its morphological and molecular characteristics. Essential oils of the investigated Eucalyptus species and Myrtle populations were tested for their antifungal capacity against this fungus. The antifungal activity varied according to the essential oil composition. Biscogniauxia mediterranea exhibited powerful resistance to some essential oils including them of Eucalyptus lehmannii and Eucalyptus sideroxylon but it was very sensitive to Eucalyptus camaldulensis oil (IC50 = 3.83 mg/ml) and M. communis oil from Zaghouan (IC50 = 1 mg/ml). This sensitivity was found to be correlated to some essential oil compounds such as p‐cymene, carvacrol, cuminaldehyde, and linalool.
The Profile and Dynamics of RNA Modifications in Animals
Authors: van Delft Pieter , Akay Alper , Huber Sabrina M. , Bueschl Christoph , Rudolph Konrad L. M. , Di Domenico Tomás , Schuhmacher Rainer , Miska Eric A. , Balasubramanian Shankar 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMore than a hundred distinct modified nucleosides have been identified in RNA, but little is known about their distribution across different organisms, their dynamic nature and their response to cellular and environmental stress. Mass‐spectrometry‐based methods have been at the forefront of identifying and quantifying modified nucleosides. However, they often require synthetic reference standards, which do not exist in the case of many modified nucleosides, and this therefore impedes their analysis. Here we use a metabolic labelling approach to achieve rapid generation of bio‐isotopologues of the complete Caenorhabditis elegans transcriptome and its modifications and use them as reference standards to characterise the RNA modification profile in this multicellular organism through an untargeted liquid‐chromatography tandem high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS) approach. We furthermore show that several of these RNA modifications have a dynamic response to environmental stress and that, in particular, changes in the tRNA wobble base modification 5‐methoxycarbonylmethyl‐2‐thiouridine (mcm5s2U) lead to codon‐biased gene‐expression changes in starved animals.
Von Insekten, Chrysanthemen und Menschen
Authors: Roth Klaus , Vaupel Elisabeth 
Published: March 2017

ZusammenfassungGetrocknete, pulverisierte Blütenköpfchen zweier Chrysanthemenarten (syn. Pyrethrum) enthalten Insektizide mit nahezu perfektem Toxizitätsprofil: Hochtoxisch für Insekten und nicht‐toxisch für Säugetiere. Die chemischen Strukturen dieser Pyrethrine erwiesen sich als sehr komplex und es erforderte einige Jahrzehnte intensiver Forschungsanstrengungen bis man Abkömmlinge (Pyrethroide) herstellen konnte, die einfacher zugänglich, stabiler und immer noch wirksam waren. Heute stehen eine ganze Anzahl von Pyrethroiden für verschiedene Anwendungen in unseren Häusern, Gärten und in der Agrarwirtschaft zur Verfügung. Überraschenderweise ist der Naturstoff allerdings immer noch auf dem Markt und in vielen Haushaltsprodukten unersetzlich. Wie so oft ist die Natur ein großartiger, in diesem speziellen Fall sogar ein unübertroffener Chemiker.