bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidation behaviors of yttrium silicate modified SiCf/SiC composites in air and water‐oxygen environments
Authors: He Fang , Cao Yejie , Liu Yongsheng , Li Jingxin , Wang Jing , Zhang Binghui , Dong Ning 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSiCf/SiC composites have emerged as one of the most promising materials for aero‐engine hot‐end structures. However, their performance is limited by their susceptibility to oxidation and corrosion reactions with oxygen and water vapor. To overcome this challenge, antioxidant‐modified phases are introduced into matrices of SiCf/SiC composites which improve their water and oxygen resistance. In this study, the resistance of SiCf/SiC composites modified by yttrium silicate matrix (SiCf/SiC‐YS composites) to air at 1000–1400°C and water‐oxygen environments at 1200°C was investigated. The diffusion paths of oxygen in SiCf/SiC‐YS composites and the antioxidant behavior of the yttrium silicate matrix were discussed. Additionally, the differences in oxygen and water‐oxygen corrosion resistance of SiCf/SiC‐YS composites at the same temperature were compared. The strength retention of SiCf/SiC‐YS composites after oxidation and water‐oxygen corrosion at 1200°C were 138.6% and 108.8%, respectively. This indicates that the addition of water vapor accelerated the degradation of SiCf/SiC‐YS composites. By comparing with SiCf/SiC composites, it can be concluded that the modification of the yttrium silicate matrix considerably improved the oxidation resistance of SiCf/SiC composites.
The Story of Romantic Love and Polyamory
Authors: Milona Michael , Weindling Lauren 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis article explores the relationship between romantic love and polyamory. Our central question is whether traditional norms of monogamy can be excised from romantic love so as to harmonize with polyamory's ethical dimensions (as we construe them). How one answers this question bears on another: whether ‘polyamory’ should principally be understood in terms of romantic love or instead some alternative conception(s). Our efforts to address these questions begin by briefly motivating our favored approach to romantic love, a ‘narratival’ one inspired by 1930s cultural theorist Denis de Rougemont, wherein such love is exclusive, supernatural or promising transcendence, painful, impeded, and, ultimately, fatal. We maintain that, even once exclusivity is removed as an official component, tensions with polyamory's ethical dimensions remain: romantic love's other elements rationalize acting and feeling in ways that privilege a singular beloved above others. A tempting solution is to further revise romantic love. However, we are skeptical that this leaves space for distinctively romantic love. Our tentative proposal, then, is that polyamory's ethical dimensions favor rejecting romantic love as ultimately desirable.
EphrinB2‐mediated chondrocyte autophagy induces post‐traumatic arthritis via rupture of cartilage homeostasis
Authors: Bao Zhengsheng , Wang Pinger , Li Yanan , Ding Huiqin , Wen Jingyuan , Zou Kaiao , Wang Xu , Yu Yang , Li Xuefeng , Liu Yingquan , Jin Hongting , Wu Lianguo , Ying Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEphrinB2, a member of the Ephrin family, has been linked to several orthopaedic conditions. Nevertheless, the correlation between ephrinB2 and post‐traumatic arthritis (PTOA) remains unclear. Human PTOA cartilage from human and mouse knee joints was systematically analysed to investigate the relationship between EphrinB2 and PTOA using SO‐FG and toluidine blue staining, micro‐CT, histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, lentiviral articular injection and in situ end labeling (TUNEL) assays. EphrinB2 expression was significantly downregulated in PTOA chondrocytes. Blocking EphrinB2 increased the breakdown of cartilage matrix in mice with PTOA via reducing the process of chondrocyte autophagy. The presence of severe cartilage damage was evident, as indicated by a considerable decrease in both cartilage thickness and area, accompanied by an increase in chondrocyte death. Altogether, EphrinB2 is required for the maintenance of cartilage homeostasis in post‐traumatic arthritis, and EphrinB2 ablation is associated with accelerated chondrocyte matrix degeneration, finally causing damage to the articular cartilage.
Farrerol alleviates insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis of metabolic associated fatty liver disease by targeting PTPN1
Authors: Gao Jingwen , Cang Xiaomin , Liu Lu , Lin Jiaxi , Zhu Shiqi , Liu Lihe , Liu Xiaolin , Zhu Jinzhou , Xu Chunfang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMetabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, characterized by excess lipid deposition. Insulin resistance (IR) serves as a fundamental pathogenic factor in MAFLD. However, currently, there are no approved specific agents for its treatment. Farrerol, a novel compound with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects, has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its hepatoprotective properties. Despite this, the precise underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. In this study, a network pharmacology approach predicted protein tyrosine phosphatase non‐receptor type 1 (PTPN1) as a potential target for farrerol's action in the liver. Subsequently, the administration of farrerol improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in MAFLD mice. Furthermore, farrerol alleviated lipid accumulation by binding to PTPN1 and reducing the dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor (INSR) in HepG2 cells and MAFLD mice. Thus, the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/serine/threonine‐protein kinases (PI3K/AKT) signalling pathway was active, leading to downstream protein reduction. Overall, the study demonstrates that farrerol alleviates insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis of MAFLD by targeting PTPN1.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle biopsy using macroscopic on‐site evaluation technique reduces the number passes yet maintains a high diagnostic accuracy: A randomized study
Authors: Sonthalia Nikhil , Kumbar Vithal , Tewari Awanish , Roy Akash , Ghoshal Uday C , Goenka Mahesh K 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimAlthough rapid on‐site cytological evaluation (ROSE) for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided tissue acquisition (EUS‐TA) may increase diagnostic yield, it is not widely available. Macroscopic on‐site evaluation (MOSE) is an alternative modality although it is not standardized for EUS‐guided fine‐needle biopsy (FNB). We evaluated diagnostic performance of MOSE compared with conventional technique of EUS‐TA using core biopsy needle.MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing EUS‐FNA for solid lesions were randomized to MOSE or conventional arms. The primary and secondary outcome measures were diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic yield, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the number of passes, respectively. The optimum parameters for macroscopic visible core (MVC, i.e., length, number) by MOSE to achieve accurate diagnosis were evaluated.ResultsNinety‐six patients (48 conventional and 48 MOSE) were enrolled. Mean lesion size was larger in MOSE arm (32.67 ± 7.22 vs 29.31 ± 6.98 mm, P = 0.023). Diagnostic accuracy (95.8% vs 91.6%), diagnostic yield (97.9% vs 95.8%), procedure duration, and adverse events of the two methods were similar. Median number of passes with MOSE was less (2 vs 3 P = 0.000). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that with MOSE, obtaining a total MVC length of 11.5 mm had 93.3% sensitivity, and 2.5 MVC cores (each 4 mm) had 86.7% sensitivity for malignancy diagnosis.ConclusionsEUS‐FNB with MOSE, a simple reliable technique, can achieve a high and comparable diagnostic accuracy with lesser number of passes. Obtaining longer length and greater number of MVC increase the sensitivity to diagnose malignancy with MOSE.
Cardiovascular health, measured using Life's Essential 8, is associated with reduced dementia risk among older men and women
Authors: Li Xin , Jin Yichen , Bandinelli Stefania , Ferrucci Luigi , Tanaka Toshiko , Talegawkar Sameera A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDementia poses considerable challenges to healthy aging. Prevention and management of dementia are essential given the lack of effective treatments for this condition.MethodsA secondary data analysis was conducted using data from 928 InCHIANTI study participants (55% female) aged 65 years and older without dementia at baseline. Cardiovascular health (CVH) was assessed by the “Life's Essential 8” (LE8) metric that included health behaviors (diet, physical activity, smoking status, sleep duration) and health factors (body mass index, blood lipid, blood glucose, blood pressure). This new LE8 metric scores from 0 to 100, with categorization including “low LE8” (0–49), indicating low CVH, “moderate LE8 (50‐79)”, indicating moderate CVH, and “high LE8 (80‐100)”, indicating high CVH. Dementia was ascertained by a combination of neuropsychological testing and clinical assessment at each follow‐up visit. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine associations between CVH at baseline and risk of incident dementia after a median follow‐up of 14 years.ResultsBetter CVH (moderate/high LE8 vs. low LE8) was inversely associated with the risk of incident dementia (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46–0.83, p = 0.001). Compared with health factors, higher scores of the health behaviors (per 1 standard deviation [SD]), specifically weekly moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity time (per 1 SD), were significantly associated with a lower risk of incident dementia (health behaviors: HR:0.84, CI:0.73–0.96, p = 0.01; physical activity: HR: 0.62, CI: 0.53–0.72, p < 0.001).ConclusionWhile longitudinal studies with repeated measures of CVH are needed to confirm these findings, improving CVH, measured by the LE8 metric, may be a promising dementia prevention strategy.
Uneventful days? A cautionary tale about the underestimated role of triggering events in employee silence research
Authors: Dilba Dominik , Meyer Bertolt 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEmployee silence research stipulates that silence requires input to share, which we posit stems from encountering workplace events. We argue that the validity of relationships between employee silence and outcomes is limited without taking preceding events into account: Employees might not encounter relevant events and therefore cannot show silence. Further, workplace events can have independent effects on the outcomes attributed to silence, potentially confounding the effects of silence and preceding events. Drawing on an existing cross‐cultural dataset (N = 8222 in 35 samples), we show that some samples include up to 60% of participants who did not encounter relevant events. Using data from a German utility company (N = 572 in 129 teams), we demonstrate that the associations between employee silence and outcomes like burnout are overestimated if effects of events are left unaccounted. Lastly, a simulation study shows that biased silence–outcome relations are generalizable whenever events have independent effects on the outcome of interest.
Psychosocial correlates of LGBTIQ+ experiences in selected African countries: Reimagining LGBTIQ+ research
Authors: Mogotsi Immaculate , Otchere Yvonne Otubea , Botchway Irene , Muthoni Yvonne , Gariseb Rodney , Ramalepe Lebogang Manthibe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the multifaceted experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, or queer (LGBTIQ+) people in selected African countries within legal, health, and educational sectors, and the broader society. It further highlights efforts that address issues around inclusion and social injustice. In the selected African countries (e.g., Ghana, Namibia, Kenya, and Uganda), LGBTIQ+ related activities are constitutionally illegal, leading to social discrimination or criminalization. Discrimination and stigma occur in various institutions which promotes homophobic sentiments, self‐harm and ostracization among LGBTIQ+ people. Notable countries like South Africa and Mozambique, have decriminalized same‐sex relationships, but these have not necessarily halted incidences of homophobia, social alienation, and discrimination that persist across the continent. In this article, queer theory and sexual minority stress theory are applied as contextual tools to explicate the everyday experiences of LGBTIQ+ people in sectors such as law, education, and health. As a contribution to the discourse on LGBTIQ+ people and research in Africa, this article further explores how discrimination, stigma, compulsive survival coping strategies, and legislation impede the overall psychosocial wellbeing of LGBTIQ+ people. Although this paper's narrative is primarily restricted to a few selected African countries, the narratives are relatable to non‐Western states with collectivist cultural orientations.
The Experiences of Patients Enrolled in Community Mental Health Centers Regarding the Illness Process: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Salık Hava , Uslu Ömer , Şahin Merve 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimsThe aim of this study is to explore in‐depth the experiences of patients enrolled in Community Mental Health Centers regarding the illness process.DesignThis study employed interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), one of the phenomenological design approaches within qualitative research methods.MethodsThe study was conducted between 24 May 2023 and 23 December 2023, at two different Community Mental Health Centers located in the eastern and western regions of Turkey. Maximum variation sampling was employed in the selection of the sample, which consisted of 12 patients registered at the Community Mental Health Centers. Data were collected using a semi‐structured interview form. The interviews were conducted face‐to‐face and audio‐recorded. Content analysis was performed using the MAXQDA 2022 software package. The study was written following the COREQ checklist.FindingsBased on the expressions of the patients, themes, subthemes and codes were identified. Accordingly, three themes were determined: ‘emotions felt after diagnosis’, ‘changes in life with the illness process’ and ‘coping methods with the process’.ConclusionThis study highlights that patients from diverse geographical backgrounds, served by Community Mental Health Centers, share similar cultural and emotional experiences during their illness. These findings underscore the need for tailored interventions that address universal challenges faced by patients across different regions.Clinical EvidenceThis research emphasises the necessity of comprehensive efforts to improve societal understanding, support mechanisms and employment prospects for individuals dealing with mental health issues in Community Mental Health Centers.
Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the hard palate: An unusual and challenging diagnosis
Authors: de Freitas Kamila Ferreira , Feletti Mariana Pires , Camisasca Danielle Resende , Grão‐Velloso Tânia Regina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundFollicular lymphoid hyperplasia (FLH) is an uncommon benign lymphoproliferative lesion found in the oral cavity, with a particular preference for the hard palate. FLH closely resembles follicular lymphoma in both clinical and histopathological aspects, which may result in misdiagnosis and unnecessary invasive procedures for the patient.AimThis report describes a case of FLH in the hard palate.Materials and MethodsData were collected from the clinical record, and a literature review was carried out over a period of 43 years.ResultsThe literature has documented 27 FLH cases. In this case, an 80‐year‐old woman had painless swelling in the hard palate extending to the soft palate. Histopathological findings suggest FLH with positive immunohistochemistry for CD20, CD10, Ki‐67, and bcl‐2. The patient received conservative treatment and close follow‐up until the lesion completely disappeared.ConclusionThe clinical history was consistent with FLH. Diagnosis is a challenge and relies on closely correlating clinical and microscopic data. Although treatment options range from surgery to a more conservative approach, for elderly patients, the last option could be the safest and most effective.
Unification without pragmatism
Authors: Singh Keshav 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBoth actions and beliefs are subject to normative evaluation as rational or irrational. As such, we might expect there to be some general, unified story about what makes them rational. However, orthodox approaches suggest that the rationality of action is determined by practical considerations, while the rationality of belief is determined by properly epistemic considerations. This apparent disunity leads some, like Rinard (2019), to reject orthodox theories of the rationality of belief in favor of pragmatism. In this paper, I argue we should reject pragmatist approaches to unifying the rationality of action and belief. Instead, I argue, we should embrace a correctness‐based view of rationality, on which rationality is fundamentally about getting things correct as best we can, given our epistemic limitations. On such a view, the facts about rational action and belief are a function of the facts about correct action and belief. I contend that the apparent disunity of orthodox theories is created by the fact that action and belief have different correctness conditions. Nevertheless, on the correctness‐based view, this disunity is merely apparent. This renders pragmatism's revisionary implications for the rationality of belief unnecessary to take on in order unify it with the rationality of action.
Unravelling the role of proline in glyphosate‐mediated toxicity – tolerance mechanism or stress signal?
Authors: Nadais Pedro , Sousa Bruno , Martins Maria , Pereira Cláudia , Pereira Ana Marta , Fidalgo Fernanda , Soares Cristiano 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGlyphosate (GLY), the most widely used herbicide, has been regarded as an emergent environmental contaminant due to its constant and cumulative use, with potential harm to non‐target organisms, such as crops, disrupting cells' redox balance. Therefore, plants need to fine‐tune their antioxidant (AOX) mechanisms to thrive under GLY‐contaminated environments. Proline overaccumulation is a common response in plants exposed to GLY, yet its role in GLY‐induced toxicity remains unclear. Thus, this study explores whether Pro overaccumulation in response to GLY is perceived as a downstream tolerance mechanism or an early‐warning stress signal. To investigate this, Arabidopsis thaliana T‐DNA mutant lines for Pro biosynthetic (P5CS1) and catabolic genes (ProDH) were used and screened for their GLY susceptibility. Upon seedlings' exposure to GLY (0.75 mg L−1) for 14 days, the herbicide led to reduced biomass in all genotypes, accompanied by Pro overaccumulation. Mutants with heightened Pro levels (prodh) exhibited the greatest biomass reduction, increased lipid peroxidation (LP), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, accompanied by a compromised performance of the AOX system. Conversely, p5cs1–4, mutants with lower Pro levels, demonstrated an enhanced AOX system activation, not only with increased levels of glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (AsA), but also with increased activity of both ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT). These findings suggest that Pro overaccumulation under GLY exposure is associated with stress sensitivity rather than tolerance, highlighting its potential as an early‐warning signal for GLY toxicity in non‐target plants and for detecting weed resistance.
Core self‐evaluations and perceived classmate support: Independent predictors of psychological adjustment
Authors: Yudes Carolina , Chamizo‐Nieto María Teresa , Peláez‐Fernández María Angeles , Extremera Natalio 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe main aim of this research was to explore the contribution of both core self‐evaluations (CSE) and classmate support as unique predictors of positive and negative psychological adjustment among adolescents.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study, 2,293 Spanish adolescents (Mage = 14.07) completed the Core Self‐Evaluations Scale, the Classmate Support subscale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales and the Frequency of Suicidal Ideation Inventory. Pearson correlations among assessed variables were examined, and three hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the predictive role of CSE and classmate support on life satisfaction, depressive symptomatology, and suicidal ideation.ResultsBoth CSE and classmate support were positively related to life satisfaction and negatively related to depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Hierarchical regression analyses identified CSE and classmate support as independent predictors of both positive and negative psychological outcomes in this sample. These results indicated support for a comprehensive model involving CSE and classmate support as additive predictors of both positive and negative outcomes among adolescents.ConclusionThese findings underscore the unique and additive role of both individual (i.e., CSE) and, to a lower degree, social factors (i.e., classmate support) to augment the prediction model of positive and negative psychological adjustment among adolescents. Practical implications are discussed, focusing on preventive programs that include strategies to increase positive self‐appraisals and create a supportive classroom climate.
The Suicide Status Form‐4 (SSF‐IV) as a potentially therapeutic suicide risk assessment tool
Authors: Oakey‐Frost Nicolas , Moscardini Emma H. , Cowan Tovah , Gerner Jessica L. , Crapanzano Kathleen A. , Jobes David A. , Tucker Raymond P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundEmpirically supported suicide risk assessment and conceptualization is a central aim of the Zero Suicide model. The Suicide Status Form (SSF) is the essential document and scaffolding of the Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality—Brief Intervention (CAMS‐BI) and is hypothesized as an example of a psychological assessment as therapeutic intervention (PATI). However, this hypothesis has never been directly tested.MethodsN = 57 patients deemed at risk for outpatient suicidal behavior and treated as part of an inpatient psychiatric consultation and liaison service were recruited to participate in CAMS‐BI at a Level 1 trauma center in the southeastern United States. During the CAMS‐BI process, patients were asked to rate their subjective units of distress (SUDS) at five time points throughout the intervention (k = 285).ResultsThe omnibus random intercept multilevel model revealed a significant difference in pre‐ to post‐session ratings of SUDS across patients. Post hoc pairwise comparisons revealed no significant differences between SSF sections (e.g., Section A, Section B, and Section C) and relative reductions in SUDS; however, there was an observable trend toward a favorable effect of Section A of the SSF.ConclusionsThe SSF may represent an example of PATI pending replication and extension of the current results.