bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Οι σειρές του McTaggart και η αρχαία φιλοσοφία για τον χρόνο
Authors: Γκολίτσης Παντελής 
Published: September 2024

Η θέση του McTaggart ότι ο χρόνος δεν υπάρχει εξακολουθεί να απασχολεί τους φιλοσόφους της μεταφυσικής του χρόνου. Ενώ οι φιλόσοφοι υπερασπίζονται την ύπαρξη είτε της πρώτης σειράς (A series) είτε της δεύτερης σειράς (B series), ο ίδιος ο McTaggart θεωρούσε ως πραγματική την τρίτη σειρά (C series), η οποία, σε αντίθεση με τις δύο προηγούμενες χρονικές σειρές, είναι άχρονη. Υποστηρίζω ότι οι αρχαίες αντιλήψεις για το χρόνο, ειδικά του Αριστοτέλη και του Δαμασκίου, υπερκεράζουν τον ισχυρισμό του McTaggart ότι ο χρόνος δεν υπάρχει, καθώς εξηγούν αναδρομικά πώς η δεύτερη σειρά μπορεί να δημιουργείται από την τρίτη σειρά χωρίς την εμπλοκή της πρώτης σειράς, για την οποία έδειχνε ο McTaggart ότι έχει αντιφατικό χαρακτήρα. Η σύγκριση αυτή μάς δίνει τη δυνατότητα να δούμε όχι μόνο ότι ο Δαμάσκιος ήταν ο πρώτος παροντιστής στην ιστορία της μεταφυσικής του χρόνου, αλλά και ότι η ανάλυση του McTaggart στηρίζεται στη σιωπηλή παραδοχή ότι ο χρόνος εξελίσσεται γραμμικά.
Multiobjective Linear Ensembles for Robust and Sparse Training of Few-Bit Neural Networks
Authors: Bernardelli Ambrogio Maria , Gualandi Stefano , Milanesi Simone , Lau Hoong Chuin , Yorke-Smith Neil 
Published: September 2024

Training neural networks (NNs) using combinatorial optimization solvers has gained attention in recent years. In low-data settings, the use of state-of-the-art mixed integer linear programming solvers, for instance, has the potential to exactly train an NN while avoiding computing-intensive training and hyperparameter tuning and simultaneously training and sparsifying the network. We study the case of few-bit discrete-valued neural networks, both binarized neural networks (BNNs) whose values are restricted to ±1 and integer-valued neural networks (INNs) whose values lie in the range [Formula: see text]. Few-bit NNs receive increasing recognition because of their lightweight architecture and ability to run on low-power devices: for example, being implemented using Boolean operations. This paper proposes new methods to improve the training of BNNs and INNs. Our contribution is a multiobjective ensemble approach based on training a single NN for each possible pair of classes and applying a majority voting scheme to predict the final output. Our approach results in the training of robust sparsified networks whose output is not affected by small perturbations on the input and whose number of active weights is as small as possible. We empirically compare this BeMi approach with the current state of the art in solver-based NN training and with traditional gradient-based training, focusing on BNN learning in few-shot contexts. We compare the benefits and drawbacks of INNs versus BNNs, bringing new light to the distribution of weights over the [Formula: see text] interval. Finally, we compare multiobjective versus single-objective training of INNs, showing that robustness and network simplicity can be acquired simultaneously, thus obtaining better test performances. Although the previous state-of-the-art approaches achieve an average accuracy of [Formula: see text] on the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology data set, the BeMi ensemble approach achieves an average accuracy of 68.4% when trained with 10 images per class and 81.8% when trained with 40 images per class while having up to 75.3% NN links removed. History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Discrete. Funding: This research was partially supported by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme [Grant 952215]. The work of A. M. Bernardelli is supported by a PhD scholarship funded under the “Programma Operativo Nazionale Ricerca e Innovazione” 2014–2020. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0281 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Can You Go Home Again? Performance Assistance Between Boomerangs and Incumbent Employees
Authors: Grohsjean Thorsten , Dokko Gina , Yang Philip 
Published: September 2024

Boomerangs, that is, rehires, should have advantages over other new hires when integrating into an organization due to their familiarity with the work context and their pre-existing relationships. However, research suggests that the effects of hiring boomerangs may not be straightforwardly positive. To better understand these effects, we investigate how boomerangs’ social integration into a work team differs from that of other new hires due to their pre-existing relationships and how those relationships shape their and incumbents’ competence and motivation to provide assistance for collective performance. We theorize and find that boomerangs, compared with new hires, exhibit more performance assistance toward incumbent former and incumbent new colleagues. In contrast, incumbent former colleagues do not direct their performance assistance toward boomerangs, contrary to our prediction, nor do incumbent new colleagues. This study contributes to the nascent literature on boomerangs and the literature on job mobility by finding evidence that prior relationships condition the behavior of both boomerangs and incumbents. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.16685 .
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Sepsis in Patients with Liver Abscess
Authors: Wang Kai , Guo Wei , Zhu Jihong , Guo Yang , Gao Weibo 
Published: September 2024

Aims/Background Liver abscess (LA) is a serious medical condition that predisposes patients to sepsis. However, predicting sepsis in LA patients has rarely been explored. This study employed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify independent risk factors for sepsis, which would provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 122 patients with LA treated in Peking University People’s Hospital from 1 January 2016 to 31 October 2022 were recruited. Among the cases, 35 patients had sepsis (sepsis group) while the remaining 87 did not have sepsis (non-sepsis group). Clinical data were collected for all enrolled cases. Univariate analysis was performed to identify potential predictors, which were tested in multivariable logistic analysis to pinpoint the independent risk factors for sepsis in LA patients; these findings were utilized to develop a prediction model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the prediction model. Informed consent to participate was obtained from the patients or their relatives. Results The incidence of shivering in the sepsis group was significantly higher than that in the non-sepsis group (p < 0.05). Through the univariate analysis, it was found that the reduction in platelet count and prothrombin time activity and the elevation of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) and procalcitonin (PCT) were more significant in the sepsis group than in the non-sepsis group (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that PCT and HbAlc were independent risk predictors of sepsis in LA patients within the derivation cohort (p < 0.05). Conclusion Elevated levels of HbAlc and PCT were independent risk factors for sepsis associated with LA. Patients with LA exhibiting elevated PCT levels demonstrated a 21% increased susceptibility to sepsis, and those with elevated HbAlc levels showed a 38% heightened risk for sepsis.
Advanced HIV disease and its predictors among newly diagnosed PLHIV in the Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Lerango Temesgen Leka , Markos Tesfalidet , Yehualeshet Daniel , Kefyalew Endashaw , Lerango Semalgn Leka 
Published: September 2024

Background
Globally, HIV infection remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite reducing new infections, the global response to advanced HIV disease (AHD) remains ineffective, leaving HIV epidemics a significant public health threat worldwide. In Ethiopia, evidence regarding AHD is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of AHD among newly diagnosed people living with HIV (PLHIV) initiating antiretroviral therapy in the Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia.

Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 29, 2023, to February 06, 2024, at health facilities providing HIV care in the Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia. A total of 427 PLHIV-initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) were recruited for the study. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews and record reviews using KoboCollect version 2.4 and analyzed using R version 4.3.3. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) model selection was used to evaluate and choose the best-fitting model to describe the relationship between AHD and predictors. Finally, variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered independent predictors in the multivariable regression analysis.

Results
The study participants’ mean (±SD) age was 31.3 (±8.7) years. The overall prevalence of AHD among newly diagnosed PLHIV-initiating ART was 34.4% (95% CI: 29.8%, 39.1%). Rural residence (AOR = 3.48, 95% CI: 2.24, 5.47), alcohol consumption (AOR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.59, 3.90), and being identified through community-based index case testing (ICT) (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.51) were found to be independent predictors of AHD.

Conclusions
The prevalence of AHD among newly diagnosed individuals initiating ART was high. PLHIV who consume alcohol should receive detailed counseling on how it can negatively impact their progress with antiretroviral treatment. HIV testing should be enhanced in rural communities by strengthening community health campaigns. Furthermore, community-based index case testing should be strengthened for early identification of PLHIV.
Development of Esophageal Epidermoid Metaplasia in a Pediatric Patient After Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Authors: Sanchez-Anguiano Maria Elena , Schaberg Kurt B. , Truong Trinh T. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Esophageal epidermoid metaplasia (EEM) is a rare condition that has not been described in Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and has only been described once in pediatrics. Neither the relationship, treatment, nor surveillance between SJS, esophageal strictures, and EEM has been established. We report the first case of EEM in an 8-year-old girl with esophageal stricture after SJS. Pediatric patients presenting with dysphagia after SJS should be evaluated for esophageal stricture and subsequent EEM development. Owing to EEM's, association with esophageal squamous cell cancer, close follow-up, biopsy surveillance for dysplasia, endoscopic treatment, and TP53 genetic sequencing should be considered.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Dengan Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (Nht) di Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan
Authors: Hamzah Mohamad 
Published: September 2024

Matematika masih merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang kurang diminati oleh sebagian siswa. Hal tersebut tercermin dari kurang maksimalnya hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran ini. Hasil belajar matematika siswa SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan masih belum bisa dikatakan maksimal karena masih di bawah nilai ketuntasan yang telah ditetapkan sekolah. Salah satu penyebabnya penerapan metode pembelajaran klasikal yang cenderung monoton dan kurang memotivasi siswa untuk belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengupayakan peningkatan hasil belajar dalam pembelajaran matematika SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan dengan diterapkannya metode kooperatif tipe numbered head together, sekaligus untuk mengetahui aktifitas siswa di dalam kelas sehingga aktifitas dan hasil belajar dapat meningkat. Penelitian ini menerapkan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan dalam tiga siklus tindakan. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan dengan jumlah siswa 36 orang siswa. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan observasi, dan tes hasil belajar. Setelah data diperoleh, maka dilakukan penganalisaan dengan menggunakan persentase hasil belajar dan keaktifan siswa pada tiap siklusnya. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar, siklus 1 adalah 52, siklus 2 adalah 70 dan siklus 3 sebesar 83,9 begitu juga rata-rata ketuntasan kelasnya siklus 1 adalah 8,3%, siklus 2 adalah 44,44% dan siklus 3 adalah 80,56%. Aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika di SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan siklus I 52,31%, aspek keterampilan kooperatif siswa sebesar rata-rata 60,11 %. Pada siklus II aspek aktivitas siswa memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 72,68 % dan aspek keterampilan kooperatif siswa sebesar 74,99%. Pada siklus III aspek aktivitas siswa rata-ratanya sebesar 87,03dan aspek keterampilan kooperatif siswa rata-rata sebsar 83,79 %.
Pengaruh Servant Leadership, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Identification terhadap Voluntary Turnover Intention dengan Ta'awun sebagai variabel intervening pada karyawan muslim PT Bayyas Bio Fuels
Authors: Anggoro Calvin 
Published: September 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini tujuannya untuk menganalisis pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan pelayanan, kepuasan kerja, dan identifikasi organisasi terhadap niat keluar sukarela dengan ta’awun sebagai variabel intervening pada karyawan muslim di PT Bayyas Bio Fuels. Metode penelitian yang terapkan adalan Structur Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan bantuan softaware Partial Least Square (PLS) terdiri dari convergent validity, composite reliability, second order confirmatory factor analysis R squre, f Sequare and hypothesis testing. penelitian ini mempergunakan primary data yang diperoleh melalui kuisioner yang dibagikan kepada 50 karyawan muslim di PT Bayyas Bio Fuels.Studi ini mengungkapkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan pelayan dan kepuasan kerja memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap identifikasi organisasi terhadap niat keluar secara sukarela. Selain itu ta’awun sebagai variabel intervening juga berpengaruh negative dan signifikan terhadap niat keluar sukarela. Identifiaksi organisasi ditemukan memiliki pengaruh negative dan signifikan terhadap niat keluar sukarela yang berarti semakin tinggi identifikasi organisasi, semakin rendah niat keluar secara sukarela karyawan.Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis bagi manajemen perusahaan untuk meningkatkan gaya kepemimpinan, kepuasan kerja, dan identifikasi organisasi sebagai strategi untuk mengurangi niat keluar sukarela karyawan. Penerapan nilai- nilai ta’awun dalam lingkungan kerja juga terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan loyalitas karyawan dan mengurangi niat karyawan untuk keluar secara sukarela. Kata kunci: Kepemimpinan pelayan, Kepuasan Kerja, Identifikasi Organisasi, Niat Keluar Sukarela, Ta’awun.
State-of-the-Art of STEAM Education in Science Classrooms: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Yulianti Erni , Suwono Hadi , Abd Rahman Nor Farahwahidah , Phang Fatin Aliah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
STEAM education is designed to prepare students for the twenty-first-century life skills and has been extensively investigated in the past 10 years. Given the rapid evolution of educational practices and the diverse ways in which STEAM is implemented in science classrooms, there is an urgent need for an analysis of the current outlook of STEAM education within the science classrooms context. In this article, 22 empirical studies were included to highlight the methodology, STEAM characteristics, and pedagogical approaches implemented in STEAM-based learning. Findings suggest that STEAM education plays an important role in fostering students’ twenty-first-century skills and should be manifested by student-centered learning approaches. This study holds significant implications in providing direction for future studies regarding STEAM education in science classroom settings.
Distribution law of Chang 7 Member tight oil in the western Ordos Basin based on geological, logging and numerical simulation techniques
Authors: Guo Qing , An Huiming , Zhao Li , Zhang Leilei , Tao Liang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Fine characterization of oil plane distribution in highly heterogeneous tight sandstone is a prerequisite for efficient reservoir development. This study systematically evaluated the distribution characteristics of tight oil in the Chang 7 Member of the Western Ordos Basin using a large number of experimental tests, logging interpretation, and 3D modelling methods. The logging interpretation models of shale content, porosity, permeability, and oil saturation were constructed, and the effective reservoir was identified by establishing the intersection identification pattern of reservoir acoustic wave time difference and deep lateral resistivity. The 3D numerical simulation results showed that the tight oil is distributed between injection and production wells. The areas with high tight oil content are mainly distributed along the WE direction, and a series of high remaining oil zones are formed locally. Under the influence of long-term injection and production, a high permeability zone will be formed between wells, which is similar to a high-speed channel and will be flooded quickly, and a banded remaining oil retention zone will be formed around it. For the horizontal well flooding area, the water flooding range of the water injection well is small, and a large amount of remaining oil is enriched between water injection wells. Finally, the classification standard of the remaining oil in the Chang 72 sub-member of the study area is proposed, and then, the strategy of adopting different development and adjustment schemes according to different types of reservoirs is formed.
Measuring Historical Inequality in Germany
Authors: Albers Thilo , Bartels Charlotte , Schaff Felix 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article surveys the measurement of historical wealth and income inequality in Germany. We discuss the underlying data sources, the challenges they pose, and the opportunities they create. We also identify two promising avenues for future research. First, we argue that the geographic granularity of German historical statistics provides researchers with the opportunity to investigate the causes of inequality. Second, several dimensions of historical inequality remain under-explored, for example, the equalizing role of welfare state institutions such as public pensions.
Review on enhancing the efficiency of fertilizer utilization: Strategies for optimal nutrient management
Authors: Nakachew Kelemu , Yigermal Habtamu , Assefa Fenta , Gelaye Yohannes , Ali Solomon 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The increasing global population and growing demand for food and mineral fertilizers underscore the urgent need to enhance fertilizer efficiency. This imperative emphasizes the importance of sustainable fertilizer utilization while mitigating environmental impacts, particularly in addressing agricultural water pollution. Excessive fertilizer use contributes significantly to water contamination and food shortages worldwide. In 2018, food shortages were reported in many nations, including the United States (2.3%), Canada (4.6%), the United Kingdom (8.2%), Germany (2.6%), Japan (2.9%), Ethiopia (23.4%), Ivory Coast (22.4%), Bangladesh (12.7%), Pakistan (17.2%), Haiti (45.6%), and India (14.3%). Moreover, agricultural activities, particularly the use of mineral fertilizers, are major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Inefficient fertilizer practices lead to economic losses, environmental degradation, and food insecurity. Studies reveal that in sub-Saharan Africa, farmers receive only about $0.50 in increased productivity for every dollar spent on fertilizer due to inefficiencies. The economic cost of nutrient pollution in the European Union is estimated to range between €7 billion and €10 billion annually. Effective strategies like precision nutrient management, best practices, and innovative technologies optimize fertilizer efficiency and support agricultural sustainability. Besides, promising methods include the combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers, the application of remote sensing and geographical information system technologies, and the implementation of biological approaches to enhance nutrient management. Moreover, monitoring and evaluation are essential for assessing strategy effectiveness, guiding decision-making, and taking corrective actions. Hence, this review aims to address strategies for improving fertilizer efficiency, sustainable agriculture practices, and addressing food security and environmental concerns related to fertilizer use comprehensively.
Herramienta web para mejorar los niveles de comprensión lectora de los estudiantes de las escuelas públicas
Authors: Santos Lescano Anderson Joel , Huayna Dueñas Ana María 
Published: September 2024

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the improvement in reading comprehension skills in primary school children through the use of a web tool that incorporates gamification elements. A quantitative approach was used with a descriptive-correlational and quasi-experimental design. 58 fourth grade students were surveyed in a public school in Lima. Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability, the Shapiro-Wilk test to evaluate the normality of the data, and the Student T test and Wilcoxon test to analyze the results. Preliminary tests and post-tests were applied to verify the results. Significant improvements were observed in all sections, with average increases of 25.64%, 2.79%, 24.21% in Literal Comprehension, 39.79%, 14.17%, and 24.64% in Inferential Comprehension, and 42.47%, 17.67%, and 28.9% in Critical Comprehension. In summary, it was concluded that the implementation of the gamification-based Web tool resulted in a notable improvement in the reading comprehension skills of the participating students.
International students' motivational disposition for learning Hungarian as a foreign language – A quantitative study
Authors: Stamenkovska Tatjana , Alvarez Llerena Carlos Lenin , Gordon Győri János 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile extensive research has been conducted on L2 motivation in the Hungarian context, more studies need to be focused on international students beginning to learn Hungarian while studying in Hungary. This article offers an explanatory investigation into the motivational dispositions influencing the learning of Hungarian as a second language (L2) among international students at Hungarian higher institutions. By utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study included 203 international students. It analyzed components of the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS), including the Ideal L2 Self, the Ought-to L2 Self, and Learning Experiences, alongside other motivational dispositions such as cultural integration, personal aspirations, and social influences. The aim is to address the existing knowledge gap regarding the dynamics of language learning motivation, particularly for less commonly taught languages like Hungarian. The findings highlight the importance of aligning language learning with students' cultural and personal goals, revealing strong connections between various motivational factors. Regression analysis suggests how different elements, such as the Ideal Self, Intrinsic Motivation, and Ought-to Self, contribute to the overall motivation for learning Hungarian. This research provides valuable insights into the complex interplay of motivational factors, offering a more profound understanding for educators and policymakers aiming to improve the language learning experience for international students.