bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Green and Efficient Electrocatalytic Route for the Highly‐Selective Oxidation of C−H Bonds in Aromatics over 1D Co3O4‐Based Nanoarrays
Authors: Yin Zhaohui , Gao Zirui , Luo Lan , Zhang Xiaohui , Hou Wenxiang , Dai Wenjing , Tian Shuheng , Qin Xuetao , Wang Maolin , Peng Mi , Li Kaihua , Wang Songbo , Zhang Lei , Wang Hong , Li Jianxin , Zhu Qingjun , Cheng Bowen , Yin Zhen , Ma Ding 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic oxidation of C−H bonds in hydrocarbons represents an efficient and sustainable strategy for the synthesis of value‐added chemicals. Herein, a highly selective and continuous‐flow electrochemical oxidation process of toluene to various oxygenated products (benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, and benzyl acetate) is developed with the electrocatalytic membrane electrodes (ECMEs). The selectivity of target products can be manipulated via surface and interface engineering of Co3O4‐based electrocatalysts. We achieved a high benzaldehyde selectivity of 90 % at a toluene conversion of 47.6 % using 1D Co3O4 nanoneedles (NNs) loaded on a microfiltration (MF) titanium (Ti) membrane, i.e, Co3O4 NNs/Ti. In contrast, the main product shifted to benzyl alcohol with a selectivity of 90.1 % at a conversion of 32.1 % after modifying MnO2 nanosheets (NSs) on Co3O4 NNs/Ti (Co3O4@MnO2/Ti) catalyst. Moreover, benzyl acetate product can be obtained with a selectivity of 92 % at a conversion of 58.5 % at high current density (>1.5 mA cm−2), demonstrating that the pathway of toluene oxidation is readily maneuvered. DFT results reveal that modifying MnO2 on Co3O4 optimizes the electron structure of Co3O4@MnO2/Ti and modulates the adsorption behavior of intermediate species. This work demonstrates a sustainable, efficient, and continuous‐flow process for precise control over the production selectivity of value‐added oxygenated derivatives in the electrochemical oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons.
Ion‐Pairing Chromonic Liquid Crystals via Alternately Stacked Assembly of Amphiphilic Charged π‐Electronic Systems
Authors: Maruyama Yuto , Harano Koji , Kanai Hayato , Ishida Yasuhiro , Tanaka Hiroki , Sugiura Shinya , Maeda Hiromitsu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, a new assembly strategy for lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs) is proposed using iπ–iπ interactions, mainly comprising electrostatic and dispersion forces, between charged π‐electronic systems to form stacking structures supported by the hydration of triethylene glycol (TEG) units. The meso‐TEG‐aryl‐substituted porphyrin AuIII complex, an amphiphilic π‐electronic cation, showed diverse states and assembly modes in ion pairs depending on the coexisting counteranions. The PCCp− ion pair formed a hexagonal columnar (Colh) LC phase based on a charge‐by‐charge assembly, suggesting the formation of an ordered arrangement of charged π‐electronic systems through iπ–iπ interactions, with reduced interactions between the TEG chains. Furthermore, in the presence of water, LCLC behavior in the Colh and nematic columnar phases according to the amount of water were observed for the PCCp− ion pair as a result of iπ–iπ interactions. Magnetic‐field‐induced orientation of the charge‐by‐charge columnar structures upon dehydration was observed. Furthermore, single‐stranded charge‐by‐charge columnar structures, as components of the LCLCs, were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Study on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a hybrid nanofluid jet impingement microchannel heat sink with airfoil fins
Authors: Tang Zhiguo , Li Man , Li Yan , Cheng Jianping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDue to the continuously increasing power density of electronic devices, the improvement of the temperature uniformity and the reduction of the irreversible energy losses became crucial in these studies on enhanced cooling capacity of the heat sinks. In this paper, a jet impingement microchannel heat sink with airfoil fins (AF‐JIMHS) is proposed. The AF‐JIMHS with reversed fins arrangement has very high comprehensive heat transfer performance. The increase of the internal tangent circle radius and chord length of fin can improve the temperature uniformity of the AF‐JIMHS bottom surface and reduce the irreversible energy losses, at the expense of reducing its comprehensive heat transfer performance. Although the increase of the tangent arc length of fin reduces the temperature uniformity and increases the irreversible energy losses of the AF‐JIMHS, it improves the comprehensive heat transfer performance in a specific parameter range. The increase of fin height improves temperature uniformity of the AF‐JIMHS, while reducing its irreversible energy losses and improving its comprehensive heat transfer performance. Compared with the AF‐JIMHS with uniform height fins, the one with decreasing height fins has higher comprehensive heat transfer performance and lower irreversible energy losses. Moreover, the AF‐JIMHS with increasing height fins has better temperature uniformity.
Real world data of cabozantinib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Focusing on dose setting and modification
Authors: Okubo Hironao , Ando Hitoshi , Nakamura Shunsuke , Takasaki Yusuke , Ito Koichi , Fukuo Yuka , Ikejima Kenichi , Isayama Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the outcomes of cabozantinib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), focusing on dose setting and modification.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 34 Japanese patients who received cabozantinib for uHCC. Trough concentrations (Ctrough) of cabozantinib were also measured weekly for 6 weeks in the 18 patients.ResultsSixteen patients received ≥40 mg (high‐dose group), and 18 patients received 20 mg (low‐dose group). Dose escalations were performed in 27.8% of the patients in the low‐dose group. Although median duration of the first dose reduction or interruption in the low‐dose group was twice that in the high‐dose group (28 vs. 14 days, p < 0.001), there were no significant differences in the relative dose intensity (RDI) during 6 weeks, progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (p = 0.162, p = 0.950, p = 0.817, respectively) between the two groups. Patients who received RDI during 6 weeks ≥33.4% showed a trend toward longer median PFS (p = 0.054). Each serum aldolase value during the 6 weeks was significantly correlated with the Ctrough at any point (r = 0.500, p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, aldolase ≥8.7 U/L within 2 weeks was significantly associated with the very early dose reduction or interruption (odds ratio 20.0, p = 0.002).ConclusionsAn initial dose of 20 mg cabozantinib could be a safe option in Japanese patients. The serum aldolase value could be useful for making appropriate dose modifications of cabozantinib.
PGK1 can affect the prognosis and development of bladder cancer
Authors: Gao Mingde , Zhu Haixia , Xu Haifei , Jin Xiaoxia , Zheng Guihua , Zhu Jinfeng , Gu Chunyan , Wang Xiaolin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated that the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) can promote tumor development. This study sought to investigate the specific role of PGK1 in bladder cancer (BLCA).MethodsPublic databases and immunohistochemistry assays were utilized to analyze the expression of PGK1 in BLCA and its prognostic significance. Cell proliferation was assessed through CCK‐8 and colony formation assays, while the level of metastasis was evaluated using transwell migration experiments. Additionally, IC50 experiments were conducted to assess the impact of PGK1 on cisplatin sensitivity.ResultsThe mRNA and protein expression levels of PGK1 were significantly upregulated in BLCA. Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed that PGK1 and T stage were independent prognostic factors for BLCA patients. Both CCK‐8 and colony assays demonstrated that PGK1 promotes proliferation. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between PGK1 and Ki67, a proliferation index. Transwell migration assays confirmed the ability of PGK1 to enhance metastasis. Finally, PGK1 increased the IC50 associated with cisplatin treatment in BLCA.ConclusionCollectively, these findings suggest that PGK1 may hold clinical value in predicting BLCA prognosis and improving the outcomes of this patient population.
Network Pharmacology and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Reveal the Mechanism of Total Alkaloid Components in Anisodus Tanguticus (Maxim.) Pascher in Treating Inflammation and Pain
Authors: Tan Nixia , Wang Yue , Ren Lichengcheng , Tie Fangfang , Hu Na , Wang Honglun , Dong Qi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to elucidate the mechanism that total alkaloids in Anisodus tanguticus (AT)(Maxim.) Pascher played anti‐inflammatory and analgesic effects. In this paper, the anti‐inflammatory effect in the total alkaloids of AT was confirmed via lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammation model in RAW 264.7 cells and the main components of AT were immediately analyzed by UPLC/MS. Disease targets were obtained in GeneCards and DisGeNET. Targets of major compounds were searched in ETCM, TCMSP and other databases. The protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING database, and Cytoscape was used for core targets screening. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed using Daivid database. Sailvina was used for molecular docking. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis was performed using the Amber 20 program. The results showed that the main components in AT were anisodamine, atropine, fabiatrin, scopolamine, scopoletin and scopolin, possibly exerting anti‐inflammatory and analgesic effects through pathways such as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and IL‐17 signaling pathway. Fabiatrin and scopolin could be potential drugs with good anti‐inflammatory and analgesic effects.
Distinct molecular features of FLNC mutations, associated with different clinical phenotypes
Authors: E.S Klimenko , A.K Zaytseva , M.Yu Sorokina , K.I Perepelina , N.L Rodina , E.G Nikitina , K.S Sukhareva , A.A Khudiakov , T.L Vershinina , A.S Muravyev , E.N Mikhaylov , T.M Pervunina , E.S Vasichkina , A.A Kostareva 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFilamin С is a key an actin‐binding protein of muscle cells playing a critical role in maintaining structural integrity and sarcomere organization. FLNC mutations contribute to various types of cardiomyopathies and myopathies through potentially different molecular mechanisms. Here, we described the impact of two clinically distinct FLNC variants (R1267Q associated with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and V2264M associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy) on calcium homeostasis, electrophysiology, and gene expression profile of iPSC‐derived patient‐specific cardiomyocytes. We demonstrated that R1267Q FLNC variant leads to greater disturbances in calcium dynamics, Nav1.5 kinetics and action potentials compared to V2264M variant. These functional characteristics were accompanied by transcriptome changes in genes linked to action potential and sodium transport as well as structural cardiomyocyte genes. We suggest distinct molecular effects of two FLNC variants linked to different types of cardiomyopathies in terms of myofilament structure, electrophysiology, ion channel function and intracellular calcium homeostasis providing the molecular the bases for their different clinical phenotypes.
A low‐latency memory‐cube network with dual diagonal mesh topology and bypassed pipelines
Authors: Oda Masashi , Keida Kai , Yasudo Ryota 
Published: September 2024

SummaryA memory cube network is an interconnection network composed of 3D stacked memories called memory cubes. By exploiting a packet switching, it can provide fast memory accesses to a large number of memory cubes. Although interconnection networks have been studied in many years for supercomputers and data centers, existing technologies are difficult to apply to memory cube networks. This is because the link length and the number of ports are limited, and hence the hop count increases. In this article, we propose a dual diagonal mesh (DDM), a layout‐oriented memory‐cube network. Furthermore, we propose the routing algorithm and the router architecture with bypassed pipelines for DDM. Our experimental results demonstrate that our routing and router architecture with bypassed pipelines reduces the memory access latency. We implement four router architectures and evaluate them with the traffic patterns derived from the NAS parallel benchmark.
Magnetron Sputtering Formation of Germanium Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Lithium Intercalation
Authors: Pajola Tommaso , Padin Anika , Blowers Benjamin E. , Borghi Francesca , Minguzzi Alessandro , Bonera Emiliano , Vertova Alberto , Di Vece Marcel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the drive towards increased lithium based battery capacity, germanium is an attractive material due to its very high lithium storage capacity, second only to silicon. The persistent down‐side is the considerable embrittlement accompanying its remarkable volume expansion of close to 300 %. A proven method to accommodate for this lattice expansion is the reduction of the size towards the nanoscale at which the fracturing is prevented by “breathing”. In this work we employed a novel magnetron sputtering gas aggregation nanoparticle generator to create unprecedented layers of well‐defined germanium nanoparticles with sizes below 20 nm. The electrochemical lithium intercalation was monitored by a suite of techniques under which Raman spectroscopy, which provided clear evidence of the presence of lithium inside the germanium nanoparticles. Moreover, the degree of lattice order was measured and correlated to the initial phases of the lithium‐germanium alloy. This was corroborated by electron diffraction and optical absorption spectroscopy, of which the latter provided a strong dielectric change upon lithium intercalation. This study of low lithium concentrations inside layers of well‐defined and very small germanium nanoparticles, forms a new avenue towards significantly increasing the lithium battery capacity.
The Chemistry and Pharmacological Properties of the Constituents of Toussaintia Orientalis – An Endangered Treasure of Biomedical Agents
Authors: Munissi Joan J. E. , Nyandoro Stephen S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractToussaintia orientalis Verdc. (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant species endemic to Tanzania. It is classified under the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as an extremely endangered species threatened with extinction. The review covers the phytochemistry of this plant species and the pharmacological properties of the compounds obtained therefrom. The chemistry of this plant species entails natural products with different structures including uncommon cinnamoyl tetraketide derivatives, aristolactam alkaloids, and flavonoids. The review identifies 27 compounds belonging to different subclasses of natural products obtained from this species for the past fourteen years (2010–2024). These compounds are discussed along with other 13 related natural products. T. orientalis derived compounds exhibit varied potential pharmacological applications as antibacterial, anticancer, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, and neuroprotective agents. Some of the reported compounds displayed pharmacological properties corroborating the use of this plant species in traditional medicine. This review provides baseline data as one comprehensive compilation that will ignite interest and guide future research and development of therapeutic agents inspired by the chemodiversity presented by this plant species while at the same time attracting the attention of plant conservationists to initiate efforts to conserve this highly endangered biomedical treasure.
IBR1, a novel endogenous IFIH1‐binding dsRNA, governs IFIH1 activation and M1 macrophage polarisation in ARDS
Authors: Zhang Shi , Huang Wei , Wu Xueling , Chen Hanbing , Wang Lu , Chao Jie , Xie Jianfeng , Qiu Haibo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundUncontrolled inflammation caused by macrophages and monocytes plays a crucial role in worsening acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Previous studies have highlighted the importance of IFIH1 in regulating macrophage polarisation in ARDS triggered by pneumonia. However, the mechanisms by which IFIH1 is activated in ARDS remain unclear.MethodsIn this study, we utilised multiomics sequencing and molecular interaction experiments to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying IFIH1 activation in ARDS. Through the use of conditional gene knockout mice and primary cells, we demonstrated the significant role of these mechanisms in the development of ARDS. Additionally, we validated the associations between these mechanisms and ARDS by quantitative PCR analysis of CD14+ cells obtained from the peripheral blood of 140 ARDS patients.ResultsOur investigation revealed that lipopolysaccharide, a critical component derived from Gram‐negative bacteria, activated IFIH1 by upregulating a novel transcript known as IFIH1‐binding RNA1 (IBR1) in monocytes and macrophages. Specifically, as an endogenous double‐stranded RNA, IBR1 bind to the helicase domain of IFIH1 because of its unique double‐stranded structure. Deletion of IBR1 significantly reduced the activation of IFIH1, M1 polarisation of macrophages, and inflammatory lung injury in ARDS. Moreover, IBR1 directly induced M1 polarisation of macrophages and ARDS, whereas deletion of IFIH1 inhibited IBR1‐induced macrophage M1 polarisation and inflammatory lung injury. Importantly, we observed a notable increase in IBR1 expression in ARDS patients with pneumonia caused by Gram‐negative bacteria. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the delivery of IFIH1 mutants through exosomes effectively counteracted IBR1, thereby reducing pulmonary inflammation and alleviating lung injury.ConclusionsThis study revealed a novel mechanism involving IBR1, an endogenous double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) that binds to IFIH1, shedding light on the complex process of macrophage polarisation in ARDS. The administration of IFIH1 variants has the potential to eliminate pulmonary dsRNA and alleviate inflammatory lung injury in ARDS.Highlights
In monocytes and macrophages, the endogenous double‐stranded RNA, IFIH1‐binding RNA 1 (IBR1), binds to the helicase domain of IFIH1 because of its unique double‐stranded structure.
IBR1 plays a significant role in macrophage polarisation and the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by Gram‐negative bacteria or lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Administration of IFIH1 variants has potential for eliminating pulmonary IBR1 and reducing inflammatory lung injury in ARDS patients.
Microalgae as a potential raw material for plant‐based seafood alternatives: A comprehensive review
Authors: Siddiqui Shahida Anusha , Ucak İlknur , Afreen Maliha , Sasidharan Abhilash , Yunusa Bello Mohammed , Bhowmik Shuva , Pandiselvam Ravi , Ambartsumov Tigran Garrievich , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMicroalgae presents an inducing potential as a primary raw material in crafting plant‐based seafood alternatives, revolutionizing the landscape of sustainable food production. These microscopic organisms display a rich nutritional profile, presenting an array of nutrients such as essential amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals comparable to those found in seafood. Their versatile nature allows for the replication of seafood flavors and textures, addressing the sensory aspects crucial to consumer acceptance of substitutes. Furthermore, microalgae cultivation requires minimal land and resources, making it an environmentally friendly and scalable option for meeting the increasing demand for sustainable protein sources. The biochemical diversity within microalgae species provides a wide spectrum of options for developing various seafood substitutes. Moreover, advancements in biotechnology and processing techniques continue to enhance the feasibility and palatability of these alternatives. Modern technologies, such as 3D printing, provide convenient and efficient technological options to reproduce the identical texture properties of seafood. As society gravitates toward eco‐conscious food choices, the exploration of microalgae as a core ingredient in plant‐based seafood alternatives aligns with the quest for ethical, environmentally sustainable, and nutritious food sources. This expanding field holds immense potential for reshaping the future of food by offering appealing, cruelty‐free alternatives while reducing dependence on traditional, unsustainable modes of seafood production.
Young Onset Dementia in New South Wales, Australia in 1891: What has Changed Since Then?
Authors: Draper Brian Michael , Loi Samantha 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the prevalence and types of young onset dementia (YOD) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, in 1891 with comparisons to 21st century estimates. Changes might inform future service planning for persons with YOD.MethodsMedical case books of two Hospitals for the Insane were examined at the State Archives and clinical and sociodemographic information extracted of persons who were under the age of 65 in April 1891, when a NSW Census occurred, and were given a dementia diagnosis or had symptoms consistent with dementia. Consensus 21st century ‘probable’ and ‘possible’ all cause dementia and major neurocognitive disorder diagnoses were determined by two psychiatrists. Prevalence estimates of moderate‐severe dementia were determined and compared with 21st century estimates and dementia types.ResultsOf 161 potential dementia cases, 123 were given a consensus ‘probable’ dementia diagnosis, 28 a ‘possible’ dementia diagnosis, and ten were given a non‐dementia diagnosis, with ‘all cause dementia’ and ‘major neurocognitive disorder’ diagnoses identical. Most dementia cases were male (n = 119, 78.8%). ‘Unspecified dementia’ was the most frequent diagnosis (n = 47, 31.1%), followed by dementia secondary to syphilis (n = 35, 23.2%), epileptic dementia (n = 30, 19.9%), alcohol‐related dementia (n = 17, 11.3%), and mixed dementia (n = 16, 10.6%). Epileptic dementia had the youngest average age of admission (34.9 years). Other than epileptic dementia, all other dementia types were more frequent in males. Prominent clinical symptoms included neurological signs (n = 79, 52.3%), psychosis (n = 77, 51.0%), agitation (n = 75, 49.7%), and aggression (n = 45, 29.8%). Most dementia cases either died in hospital (n = 79, 52.3%) or were transferred to a long stay hospital (n = 57, 37.7%). The estimated point prevalence of YOD in persons aged 30–59 in 1891 (86 per 100,000) was higher than current Australian and global estimates in this age group due to the high rates in males (126 per 100,000), but in those aged 60–64, the prevalence in 1891 (159 per 100,000) was much lower than current estimates.ConclusionsThis first examination of YOD in the nineteenth century found high rates of dementia in those under the age of 60 compared with current estimates, particularly in men aged between 30 and 59 years old, and largely due to syphilis, alcohol and epilepsy, conditions that are now treatable and thus demonstrating the potential of effective treatments for YOD.