bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonequilibrium Thermal Shock Enabled Trapping of Metastable Multi‐Element Alloy Anode for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Dou Shuming , Shao Yueyue , Fan Longlong , Zhang Danfeng , Xu Jie , Zhang Jingchao , Tian Huijie , He Yan‐Bing , Mao Chong , Zhu He , Gan Wei , Zeng Jianrong , Liu Wei‐Di , Zhou Jia , Chen Yanan , Yuan Qunhui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMetastable multi‐element nanoalloys hold extensive potential for next‐generation batteries due to their distinct structures. However, it is difficult to obtain metastable nanoalloys through conventional equilibrium annealing. Herein, the rapid nanomanufacturing of metastable multi‐metallic nanoalloys is reported with single‐phase structure, ultrafine size distribution, and high‐density dispersion, realized by a novel nonequilibrium thermal shock (NTS) method. The NTS method, which features ultrafast heating/cooling rates and ultrashort treatment duration, can lead to the uniform mixing of different elements and the capture of the metastable state of multi‐element nanoalloys while preventing interparticle sintering/coarsening and phase separation. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, a metastable BiSnSb nanoalloy (M‐BiSnSb), prepared by the NTS method, exhibits rich lattice distortions and superior performance for potassium ion batteries (KIBs) compared with the stable BiSnSb (S‐BiSnSb) anode prepared by a typical equilibrium method. Additionally, in situ high‐temperature synchrotron X‐ray diffraction (SXRD) demonstrates the formation mechanism of M‐BiSnSb. Furthermore, in situ laboratory X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation systematically prove the alloying reaction mechanism and the structural advantages of the metastable nanoalloys in diffusion‐accelerating effect, respectively. This nonequilibrium nanomanufacturing strategy is expected to enable the rational and controllable synthesis of metastable nanomaterials for extensive electrochemical energy applications.
Adhesion of Catechol‐Functionalized Linear‐Dendritic Block Copolymers: Dendritic Effect, Self‐Assembly, and Bioadhesion
Authors: Lancelot Alexandre , Meger Mitchell E. , Guerreiro Gómez Enrique , Sierra Teresa , Wilker Jonathan J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInspired by mussels protein adhesives, two series of catechol‐functionalized Linear‐Dendritic Block Copolymer (LDBC) adhesives are synthesized. They show lap shear adhesion strength as high as 7 MPa on aluminum substrates and adhesion up to 3 kPa on porcine skin. These water‐soluble LDBCs are composed of i) either poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(propylene glycol)‐poly(ethylene glycol) triblock copolymer (Pluronic F‐127) as linear polymers, ii) Bis‐MPA dendrons of generation 0, 1, and 2 as dendritic parts, and iii) 2, 4, or 8 terminal catechol moieties. A LDBCs generation comparative test on aluminum reveals a clear dendritic effect: the LDBCs of second generation display higher adhesion than the LDBCs of first generation that also display higher adhesion than the LDBCs of generation 0 for both series, assessing thus a positive dendritic effect in adhesion. Second, a comparative study is carried out between the LDBCs based on PEG and the ones based on Pluronic. The ability of the Pluronic LDBCs to self‐assemble in water appears to reduce adhesion when applied on aluminum whereas it is essential to obtain adhesion on porcine skin, thanks to the formation of hydrogels, as observed by the vial inversion technique and electron microscopy.
Tailoring Coordination Fields of Asymmetric MO5S1‐Type Metal–Organic Frameworks Catalysts for Accelerated Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Ni Tengjia , Hou Xianbiao , Zhou Jian , Zhang Canhui , Dai Shuixing , Chu Lei , Wang Huanlei , Jiang Heqing , Huang Minghua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAsymmetric coordination has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity, yet achieving a controlled synthesis of asymmetric structures to comprehensively understand the structure‐activity relationship remains challenging. In this study, a facile and effective symmetry‐breaking strategy is reported for tailoring the asymmetric MO5S1‐type metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) catalyst, establishing the correlation between the sulfur (S)‐mediated electron rearrangement and the adsorption/desorption dynamics of oxygen‐related intermediates in OER. Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that a well‐designed asymmetric structure can effectively lower the d‐band center, optimizing the adsorption behavior of OH* and significantly decreasing the reaction energy barrier for the rate‐determining step (OH* → O*) with enhanced O–H bond cleavage process. The S‐NiFe‐MOF/CFP catalyst demonstrates a remarkable OER performance in an alkaline electrolyte environment. More importantly, the self‐assembled anion exchange membrane water electrolysis cell showcases a low voltage of 1.84 V to deliver the current density of 1 A cm−2, maintaining long‐term stability for over 100 h. This study unveils a precise asymmetric synthesis strategy employing S, highlighting the critical role of manipulating electron redistribution through asymmetric coordination to promote catalytic activity and develop advanced MOF‐based catalysts.
Continuous Wave Mid‐Infrared Lasing from Single InAs Nanowires Grown on Silicon
Authors: Meder Steffen , Haubmann Benjamin , del Giudice Fabio , Schmiedeke Paul , Busse David , Zöllner Jona , Finley Jonathan J. , Koblmüller Gregor 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExtending the emission wavelength of III‐V nanowire (NW) lasers grown on silicon into the mid‐infrared (MIR) spectral range has strong potential for applications. Examples include optical sensing and metrology, as well as integrated silicon photonics for information technologies. NW‐lasers with continuous wave (CW) operation, have remained, however, scarce in the MIR due to significant material physics challenges, and intrinsic effects such as Auger recombination that limit the radiative efficiency. Here, the CW operation of single InAs NW‐lasers site‐selectively grown on Si with emission in the range of 2.4–2.7 µm is reported. The cavity design is optimized via simulations of the threshold material gain and the parameters for selective area growth to minimize the modal gain for the TE01 optical mode. For NW diameters exceeding 700 nm, lasing under CW optical pumping with low thresholds of 1.4–27 kW cm−2 are obtained from 10 to 90 K for NW lengths ranging from 9–30 µm. The observed lasing behavior is quantified by the observation of clear positive net modal gain (630 cm−1) obtained using Hakki‐Paoli analysis. These findings mark an important advancement in the development of nanolasers for integrated MIR photonics.
Enhanced Performance of Self‐Powered γ‐Ray Irradiated MSM Deep UV Photodetector Based on MOCVD‐Grown ZnGa2O4 for Space Exploration
Authors: Khan Taslim , Aggarwal Pallavi , Tarntair Fu‐Gow , Tiwari Shivansh , Mishra Ambuj , Horng Ray‐Hua , Singh Rajendra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe utilization of device for the space explorations, the active material of the device must show resilience toward cosmos radiation. In this work, the radiation hardness of ZnGa2O4‐based deep ultra‐violet (DUV) photodetectors (PDs) is examined using γ‐ray irradiation. Responsivity of the photodetector at zero bias is found to improve from 0.98 to 1.94 mA W−1, the dark current increased from 0.11 to 5.6 pA, while photo‐to‐dark current ratio (PDCR) increased the from 3.2 × 103 to 3.1 × 104 and the photocurrent decay time improved from 220 to 190 ms. The high‐resolution X‐ray photoelectron spectra (HR‐XPS) of O 1s core level peak is deconvoluted into two main peaks namely, O(I) and O(II), where the lattice oxygen of ZnGa2O4 is identified by the O(I) peak, while its surface oxygen defect is represented by O(II). A clear increment is observed in the percentage of oxygen defect peak, O(II), from 6.82 to 53.19% after 200 kGy. Also, the device remains undeteriorated after 200 kGy irradiation, indicating it to be a radiation‐hard device. These characteristics allow ZnGa2O4 DUV PDs to function effectively in cosmic radiation environments with the capability to operate on zero‐bias, regardless of the γ‐radiation.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell‐Derived Parathyroid Organoids Resemble Parathyroid Morphology and Function
Authors: Şenkal‐Turhan Selinay , Bulut‐Okumuş Ezgi , Aydın Muhterem , Başak Türkmen Neşe , Taşlıdere Aslı , Şahin Fikrettin , Yılmaz Şahin , Akkuş Süt Pınar , Doğan Ayşegül 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe primary role of the parathyroid glands is to maintain calcium homeostasis through the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). The limited proliferative capacity and differentiation of parathyroid cells hinder the generation of cell therapy options. In this study, parathyroid organoids are successfully generated from human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). At the end of the 20 days of differentiation, the parathyroid organoids exhibited distinct parathyroid morphology. Stereomicroscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis demonstrated the 3D arrangement of the cell layers in which intracellular structures of parathyroid cells resemble human parathyroid cellular morphology. Comprehensive molecular analyses, including RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS), confirmed the expression of key parathyroid‐related markers. Protein expression of CasR, CxCr4, Gcm2, and PTH are observed in parathyroid organoids. Parathyroid organoids secrete PTH, demonstrate active intercellular calcium signaling, and induce osteogenic differentiation via their secretome. The tissue integration potential of parathyroid organoids is determined by transplantation into parathyroidectomized rats. The organoid transplanted animals showed significant elevations in PTH‐related markers (CasR, CxCr4, Foxn1, Gcm2, and PTH). PTH secretion is detected in organoid‐transplanted animals. The findings represent a significant advancement in parathyroid organoid culture and may offer a cellular therapy for treating PTH‐related diseases, including hypoparathyroidism.
Cytotoxic Studies on Hybrid Inorganic Organic Hydrazone Metal (II) Complexes: Synthesis and Characterization of Geminal Multisite Assembly on Cyclotriphosphazene
Authors: Chelike Dinesh Kumar , Sadiq Muhammad , Abinash B. , Alagumalai Ananthan , Sarkar Koustav , Gurusamy Thangavelu Senthil A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTHerein, a new hybrid inorganic–organic ligand was designed and synthesized to form a series of transition metal (II) complexes as potential substrate towards cytotoxicity studies. The inorganic heterocycle, cyclotriphosphazene (N3P3Cl6, CTP) was chosen as the core unit to synthesize geminal hydrazone Schiff bases as multisite coordination ligand via substitution of six reactive chlorine. Herein, CTP was substituted by nucleophilic reaction at six chlorine atoms that exist on three phosphorus (V) centers of CTP with salicylaldehyde to form hexakis salicylaldehyde derivative. Further, salicylic hydrazide tethered with terminal amine group was condensed with above hexakis salicylaldehyde derivative of CTP at ratio of 1:6 afforded SBCTP ligand. Indeed, a series of M (II) complexes (M = Co, Ni, Mn, Cu and Zn) were obtained from SBCTP ligand with characteristic functional groups to manifest the cytotoxic activity, in order to venture as the active anticancer agent in pharmaceutics. Despite the Schiff base of aromatic rings tend to exhibit inherent cytotoxic properties, the complementary influence of CTP appended with two consecutive salicylic units in SBCTP found to show unique properties. In particular, metal (II) complexes via imine bonds of SBCTP oriented from CTP ring found to reveal essential properties to treat cancerous cells. The above ligand and prospective metal complexes were investigated individually for the cytotoxic activity with normal and cancerous cells at five different concentrations, with/without addition of the above samples into MTT assay. Structural characterization of above samples was conducted by multinuclear NMR, 1H, 13C, and 31P as well as ESI, HRMS, FTIR, EDS, and TGA data.
Distribution and morphology of serotonin transporter‐immunoreactive type I cells in the rat carotid body
Authors: Yokoyama Takuya , Abdali Sayed Sharif , Nakamuta Nobuaki , Yamamoto Yoshio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe present study reexamined the immunolocalization of membranous serotonin transporter (SERT) in the rat carotid body, and demonstrated SERT‐immunoreactive cells of unreported morphology. SERT was immunohistochemically localized in a very small population of cell clusters or single type I cells (2.8%) immunoreactive for synaptophysin, the marker of these cells. Intense SERT immunoreactivity outlined the perinuclear cytoplasm and multiple cytoplasmic processes of type I cells. Of SERT‐immunoreactive type I cells, 14.6% and 32.6% were immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine beta‐hydroxylase, respectively, while 75.9% were immunoreactive for serotonin (5‐HT). 5‐HT‐immunoreactive products were localized in cell bodies rather than cytoplasmic processes. SERT‐immunoreactive type I cells were composed of an oval cell body with multiple threads and spherical or elongated cytoplasmic processes. Clusters or single SERT‐immunoreactive type I cells were localized between or attached to other TH‐immunoreactive type I cells by cell bodies or variform cytoplasmic processes. SERT‐immunoreactive type I cells mainly contained bassoon‐immunoreactive products in their cell bodies rather than their variform cytoplasmic processes. These results demonstrated the characteristic morphology of SERT‐immunoreactive type I cells, which extend multiple cytoplasmic processes with variform terminal parts. Their morphology might be suitable for uptake of 5‐HT to control the serotonergic modulation in the carotid body.
Interaction and association between multiple vitamins and social adaptability and severity of autism: A large‐scale retrospective study from China
Authors: Liu Qi , Yu Dongchuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSince children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit selective eating behaviors, it is generally believed that they may have abnormal nutrient structure, leading to aberrant concentrations of some serum vitamins. However, previous studies on serum vitamins in individuals with ASD are mixed. Additionally, the interaction and association between multiple serum vitamin and ASD‐related symptoms remain unclear. This study utilized a cross‐sectional survey with a large sample size (n = 1235) from China to clarify previous mixed findings, and examine the interaction and association between multiple serum vitamins (including folic acid [FA], vitamin A [VA], vitamin E [VE], vitamin B12 [VB12], and vitamin D [VD]) and social adaptability and symptom severity in children with ASD. Findings found that symptom severity was negatively associated with concentrations of serum VA, VE, VB12, and VD; while, social adaptability was significantly associated with the natural log‐transformed concentrations of FA and VB12. Finding also revealed the interaction of VA and VE on the association between both vitamins and severity of ASD symptoms, as well as the interaction of VB12 and FA on the association between both vitamins and social adaptability. In particular, the combination of low concentration of VA and high concentration of VE is associated with the lowest risk of being “severely autistic”; while, the combination of low concentration of FA and high concentration of VB12 is associated with the lowest risk of being “poor social adaptability”. This study offers the evidence for the requirement of considering multiple vitamins comprehensively, as well as valuable references for revealing the association between vitamin disparities and food selectivity in children with ASD.
Meta‐Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies With Multiple Thresholds: Comparison of Approaches in a Simulation Study
Authors: Zapf Antonia , Frömke Cornelia , Hardt Juliane , Rücker Gerta , Voeltz Dina , Hoyer Annika 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe development of methods for the meta‐analysis of diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies is still an active area of research. While methods for the standard case where each study reports a single pair of sensitivity and specificity are nearly routinely applied nowadays, methods to meta‐analyze receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are not widely used. This situation is more complex, as each primary DTA study may report on several pairs of sensitivity and specificity, each corresponding to a different threshold. In a case study published earlier, we applied a number of methods for meta‐analyzing DTA studies with multiple thresholds to a real‐world data example (Zapf et al., Biometrical Journal. 2021; 63(4): 699–711). To date, no simulation study exists that systematically compares different approaches with respect to their performance in various scenarios when the truth is known. In this article, we aim to fill this gap and present the results of a simulation study that compares three frequentist approaches for the meta‐analysis of ROC curves. We performed a systematic simulation study, motivated by an example from medical research. In the simulations, all three approaches worked partially well. The approach by Hoyer and colleagues was slightly superior in most scenarios and is recommended in practice.
Environmental, social, and governance reporting in family firms: The critical role of CEO attributes
Authors: Seow Richard Yeaw Chong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAmid the global surge in emphasis on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting, the response of family firms to these demands has been underexplored. Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) play an essential role in materializing and adhering to ESG‐related expectations from stakeholders. Anchored in upper echelons and socio‐emotional wealth theoretical frameworks, this study embarks on a novel investigation into the complex attributes of CEOs, aiming to deepen the understanding of their role in advocating for ESG principles. Employing a random effects model with robust standard errors, this research scrutinizes data from Malaysian family firms between 2018 and 2022. Findings reveal that CEO tenure, experience, and board interlocking positively correlate with ESG reporting, enhancing these family firms' sustainability profiles. In contrast, CEO ownership displays a negative correlation with ESG reporting, suggesting a potential conflict between personal ownership interests and broader ESG commitments. This study significantly contributes to the evolving discourse on ESG practices within family firms, highlighting the pivotal influence of distinct CEO attributes on the ESG reporting landscape.
Comparative Study of PtM (M=Cu, Zn, Ga, Mn, Fe, In, Ce) Bimetals on Zincosilicate for Propane Dehydrogenation Reaction
Authors: Liu Hao , Liu Liyang , Qin Qiuju , Li Jinfeng , Li Bin , He Xiaohui , Ji Hongbing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSilicoaluminate zeolites have relatively strong Brönsted (B) acid properties that can easily lead to deep cracking reactions, making them less favourable as carriers for propane dehydrogenation. Here, we utilise zincosilicate zeolite with less B‐acid produced by the introduction of the heteroatom Zn into the framework as a carrier, followed by simultaneous ion exchange (IE) of M monometallic or PtM bimetallic (M=Cu, Zn and Ga, etc.). The optimized PtZn/Zn‐4 exhibits a superior propane dehydrogenation performance over PtCu/Zn‐4 and PtGa/Zn‐4, which can achieve a propane conversion of about 30 % in a pure propane atmosphere at 550 °C and can be operated for at least 168 h without significant deactivation. Characterization techniques such as spherical aberration corrected transmission electron microscopy, in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy with different gas adsorptions are used to investigate these PtM@zeolite catalysts in order to deepen the understanding of acid site identification, promoter effect and catalysis.
Multifaceted role of the actin‐binding protein WIP: Promotor and inhibitor of tumor progression and dissemination
Authors: Alonso‐Eiras Jorge , Anton Ines M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCancer cells depend on actin cytoskeleton reorganization to achieve hallmark malignant functions including abnormal activation, proliferation, migration and invasiveness. (Neural)‐Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome protein ((N‐)WASP) binds actin and forms a complex with the WASP‐interacting protein (WIP), which plays a critical role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton, through (N)‐WASP‐dependent and independent functions. Mutations in the WIP gene (WIPF1) lead to severe early onset immunodeficiency in humans and severe autoimmunity and shortened lifespan in mice. This review covers the available evidence about the physiological role of WIP in different tissues and its contribution to human disease, focusing on cancer. In solid tumors overexpression of WIP has mostly been associated with tumor initiation, progression and dissemination through matrix degradation by invadopodia, while a suppressive function has been shown for WIP in certain hematological cancers. Interestingly, a minority of studies suggest a protective role for WIP in specific tumor contexts. These data support the need for further research to fully understand the mechanisms underlying WIP's diverse functions in health and disease and raise important questions for future work.
α‐Triazolylboronic Acids: A Novel Scaffold to Target FLT3 in AML
Authors: Introvigne Maria Luisa , Destro Lorenza , Mologni Luca , Crippa Valentina , Zardi Paolo , Fini Francesco , Prati Fabio , Caselli Emilia , Zambon Alfonso 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presents a challenge to current therapies because of the development of drug resistance. Genetic mutation of FMS‐like tyrosine kinase‐3 (FLT3) is a target of interest for AML treatment, but the use of FLT3‐targeting agents on AML patients has so far resulted in poor overall clinical outcomes.[1] The incorporation of the boronic group in a drug scaffold could enhance the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of conventional anticancer chemotypes. Boronic acids represent an intriguing and unexplored class of compounds in the context of AML, and they are only scantly reported as inhibitors of protein kinases. We identified α‐triazolylboronic acids as a novel chemotype for targeting FLT3 by screening a library of structurally heterogeneous in‐house boronic acids. Selected compounds show low micromolar activities on enzymatic and cellular assays, selectivity against control cell lines and a recurring binding mode in in‐silico studies. Furthermore, control analogues synthesized ad hoc and lacking the boronic acid are inactive, confirming that this group is essential for the activity of the series. All together, these results suggest α‐triazolylboronic acids could be a promising novel chemotype for FLT3 inhibition, laying the ground for the design of further compounds.