bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Las enfermedades cardio-cerebro-vasculares en Medellín - Colombia, entre 2000- 2013: ¿un referente para las políticas públicas en salud?
Authors: López-L María Victoria , Pastor-D María del Pilar , Arango-T Gustavo Alberto , Restrepo-T Yesica 
Published: October 2016

Introducción: Las políticas públicas son asuntos clave de la gestión gubernamental y su estudio es importante cuando se analiza el impacto que tienen frente a problemas relevantes que se reflejan en el perfil epidemiológico. Objetivo: Analizar la importancia que las enfermedades cardio-cerebro-vasculares tuvieron en la formulación de las políticas públicas en salud en Medellín entre 2000-2013. Materiales y métodos: Enfoque cualitativo con estrategia metodológica de análisis documental de corte hermenéutico. Se tomaron como base los acuerdos aprobados por el Concejo de Medellín y se seleccionaron aquellos, que tienen relación directa o indirecta con estas enfermedades, asimismo se revisaron planes de desarrollo contextualizados en lineamientos de políticas nacionales e internacionales. Resultados: Se encuentra un acuerdo que se refiere explícitamente a estas enfermedades. La mayoría son políticas orientadas, a grupos específicos o problemáticas relacionadas con promoción de la salud y prevención de las enfermedades cardio-cerebro-vasculares. El seguimiento y evaluación son fases menos tenidas en cuenta en el ciclo de las políticas públicas. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de una concepción amplia de la salud que oriente la formulación de las políticas locales e impacte un problema tan complejo e importante para el municipio, como lo son estas enfermedades.Abstract Introduction: Public policy is a key element to government administration and its study is important when analyzing the impact it has on relevant issues evidenced in the epidemiological profile. Objective: To analyze the importance of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in the development of public policy in health in Medellin between 2000 and 2013. Materials and methods: A qualitative approach with hermeneutic documentary analysis was done. The agreements approved by the Medellin council were taken as a base, from which those directly or indirectly related with these diseases were selected. Plans of action based on national and international policy guidelines were also reviewed. Results: An agreement that explicitly referred to these diseases was found. Most policy is oriented toward specific groups or issues related to health promotion and the prevention of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Follow-up and evaluation are the most overlooked stages of the public policy cycle. Conclusions: These results suggest the need for a broader definition of health that foments local policy development and impacts such a complex and important issue for the city by taking into account these diseases.
Measuring Up to Expectation: Cognitive Bias in Wrist Range-of-Motion Measurement
Authors: Rotem-Lehrer Nirit , Singer Natali , Reshit Ofri , Springer Shmuel 
Published: October 2016

Study Design Controlled laboratory study, cross-sectional design. Background The role of cognitive biases and their effect on a wide range of aspects relevant to clinical medicine has become the focus of a growing body of research, yet their effect in physical therapy is not well established. Objectives To test whether anchoring information provided to physical therapists prior to assessment of wrist range of motion (ROM) may induce bias in the measurement. Methods A total of 120 physical therapists participated in the study. Participants were asked to measure passive wrist extension ROM of a 65-year-old woman with no history of injury to the upper limb using a universal goniometer. Before initiating the measurement, some participants received a clinical description, which included sham information about the patient's health history. Three groups were differentiated according to the provided clinical content: no bias (n = 38), moderate bias (n = 41), and substantial bias (n = 41). An analysis of covariance was applied to test for differences between the 3 groups while controlling for any potential sex and experience effects. Results The analysis of covariance yielded a significant group effect (P = .009), with no significant effect for sex and experience. The adjusted mean wrist ROM was 80.2° for the no-bias group, 74.5° for the moderate-bias group, and 72.4° for the substantial-bias group. Post hoc tests demonstrated significant difference only between the group with no bias and the substantial-bias group (mean difference, 7.7°; P = .009). Conclusion Anchoring information was associated with differential results of an objective test. Physical therapists should increase their awareness of biases and consider employing debiasing strategies. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(12):1037–1041. Epub 30 Oct 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6845
Combined CT guided tru-cut biopsy and imprint cytology in the diagnosis of bone tumors and tumor like lesions
Authors: Savithri Moothiringode Chitrabhanu , Kavitha Kanjirakkad , Puthoor Dominic 
Published: October 2016

Background: Bone lesions are often histologically heterogenous. The advantage of tru-cut biopsies in this context is that they provide a safe and accurate biopsy technique that can be performed in less specialized centers. In this series we found combination of biopsy and cytology helpful in diagnosing bone lesions. However clinical picture and radiologic features are vital in arriving at a final diagnosis.Aims and Objective: 1) To assess the diagnostic accuracy of combined CT guided tru-cut biopsy and imprint cytology in the diagnosis of bone tumors and tumor like lesions. 2)To analyze the spectrum of different bone lesions.Materials and Methods: 108 consecutive cases of bone lesions for which CT guided tru-cut biopsy and imprint cytology were done between June 2010 and april 2012 were retrospectively studied. Both smears and biopsies were categorized into five groups.Correlation between biopsy and cytology were also evaluated.Results: Total number of cases were 108 of which 8 cases were inconclusive . In 100 cases a useful opinion could be given. There were 36 cases of primary bone tumors, 13 cases of plasma cell neoplasms, 42 metastatic tumors, 9 non neoplastic lesions and 8 inconclusive cases. Conclusion: Preliminary diagnosis of bone lesions before definitive therapy helps to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures. Tru cut biopsies supplemented by imprint cytology can provide definitive diagnosis in majority of cases.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 40-42
Knowledge, perception and practice of self-medication among premedical and basic science undergraduate medical students
Authors: Shankar P Ravi , Dubey Arun K , Dwivedi Neelam R , Nandy A , Barton B 
Published: October 2016

Aims and Objective: Responsible self-medication is recognized as an important component of self-care. Medical students are in a unique position as they cannot yet legally prescribe medicines but their knowledge about and exposure to medicines increase as they progress through their course. Xavier University School of Medicine in Aruba admits students mainly from the United States, Canada and other countries to the undergraduate medical course. The present study was carried out to study the knowledge, perceptions and practice of self-medication among premedical and undergraduate medical students.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted during June and July 2016 using a questionnaire which had been used previously. Knowledge and perceptions were studied by noting the respondents’ degree of agreement with asset of 40 statements. The use of selected classes of medicines for self-medication during the preceding one-year period was studied. The knowledge, perception and total scores were calculated and compared among different subgroups of respondents. Age, gender, nationality and semester of study of the respondents were noted.Results: Eighty-five of the 125 students enrolled (69.1%) participated. The mean knowledge, perception and total scores were 73.45, 62.75 and 136.2 (maximum possible scores were 105, 95 and 200 respectively). There was no significant difference in scores among subgroups of respondents. Analgesics, skin ointments, antipyretics and anti-allergics were commonly used for self-medication. Over half the respondents had used some form of self-medication during the preceding year. Conclusion: The present study provides preliminary information regarding self-medication practices among both premedical and basic science medical students. Further studies on factors influencing and information sources used during self-medication can be conducted. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 63-68
Evaluation of Serum 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D level in acute myocardial infarction patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Rath Debapriya , Nanda Rachita , Mishra Pramila Kumari , Patra Pradeep Kumar 
Published: October 2016

Background: Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide with acute myocardial infarction being the most severe manifestation. Recent evidences have linked vitamin D in the pathogenesis of the coronary risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, obesity and smoking.Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken with an aim to look for the vitamin D status of the AMI patients and its relation if any with the above mentioned risk factors.Material and Methods: One hundred acute myocardial infarction patients along with one hundred age and sex matched healthy controls were included in the study and the serum 25 (OH) D was estimated in both the groups.Results: Serum 25 (OH) Vit D level was found to be lower in cases (19.6±6.85 ng/ml) than in controls (27.5±6.23 ng/ml) (p<0.001).The decreased vitamin D level was associated with the incidence of AMI after adjusting for other risk factors. The serum vitamin D level was significantly decreased in the patients having risk factors among the AMI group.Conclusion: The present study showed a significantly low serum vitamin D in AMI patients . Given the therapeutic safety and inexpensiveness of vitamin D, further studies may be undertaken to look for the effect of its supplementation on coronary artery disease. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 11-15
Emerging roles for histone deacetylases in age-related muscle atrophy
Authors: Walsh Michael E. , Van Remmen Holly 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle atrophy during aging, a process known as sarcopenia, is associated with muscle weakness, frailty, and the loss of independence in older adults. The mechanisms contributing to sarcopenia are not totally understood, but muscle fiber loss due to apoptosis, reduced stimulation of anabolic pathways, activation of catabolic pathways, denervation, and altered metabolism have been observed in muscle from old rodents and humans. OBJECTIVE: Recently, histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been implicated in muscle atrophy and dysfunction due to denervation, muscular dystrophy, and disuse, and HDACs play key roles in regulating metabolism in skeletal muscle. In this review, we will discuss the role of HDACs in muscle atrophy and the potential of HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS: Several HDAC isoforms are potential targets for intervention in sarcopenia. Inhibition of HDAC1 prevents muscle atrophy due to nutrient deprivation. HDAC3 regulates metabolism in skeletal muscle and may inhibit oxidative metabolism during aging. HDAC4 and HDAC5 have been implicated in muscle atrophy due to denervation, a process implicated in sarcopenia. HDAC inhibitors are already in use in the clinic, and there is promise in targeting HDACs for the treatment of sarcopenia.
Dynamic of cold-atom tips in anharmonic potentials
Authors: Menold Tobias , Federsel Peter , Rogulj Carola , Hölscher Hendrik , Fortágh József , Günther Andreas 
Published: October 2016

Background:Understanding the dynamics of ultracold quantum gases in an anharmonic potential is essential for applications in the new field of cold-atom scanning probe microscopy. Therein, cold atomic ensembles are used as sensitive probe tips to investigate nanostructured surfaces and surface-near potentials, which typically cause anharmonic tip motion.Results:Besides a theoretical description of this anharmonic tip motion, we introduce a novel method for detecting the cold-atom tip dynamics in situ and real time. In agreement with theory, the first measurements show that particle interactions and anharmonic motion have a significant impact on the tip dynamics.Conclusion:Our findings will be crucial for the realization of high-sensitivity force spectroscopy with cold-atom tips and could possibly allow for the development of advanced spectroscopic techniques such as Q-control.
THE PAN-STARRS 1 DISCOVERIES OF FIVE NEW NEPTUNE TROJANS
Authors: Lin (林省文) Hsing Wen , Chen (陳英同) Ying-Tung , Holman Matthew J. , Ip (葉永烜) Wing-Huen , Payne M. J. , Lacerda P. , Fraser W. C. , Gerdes D. W. , Bieryla A. , Sie (謝宗富) Z.-F. , Chen (陳文屏) W.-P. , Burgett W. S. , Denneau L. , Jedicke R. , Kaiser N. , Magnier E. A. , Tonry J. L. , Wainscoat R. J. , Waters C. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
In this work, we report the detection of seven Neptune Trojans (NTs) in the Pan-STARRS 1 (PS1) survey. Five of these are new discoveries, consisting of four L4 Trojans and one L5 Trojan. Our orbital simulations show that the L5 Trojan stably librates for only several million years. This suggests that the L5 Trojan must be of recent capture origin. On the other hand, all four new L4 Trojans stably occupy the 1:1 resonance with Neptune for more than 1 Gyr. They can, therefore, be of primordial origin. Our survey simulation results show that the inclination width of the NT population should be between 7° and 27° at >95% confidence, and most likely ∼11°. In this paper, we describe the PS1 survey, the Outer Solar System pipeline, the confirming observations, and the orbital/physical properties of the new NTs.
KINEMATICS OF M51-TYPE INTERACTING GALAXIES
Authors: Günthardt G. I. , Díaz R. J. , Agüero M. P. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a kinematic catalog for 21 M51-type galaxies. It consists of radial velocity distributions observed with long-slit spectroscopy along different position angles, for both the main and satellite components. We detect deviations from circular motion in most of the main galaxies of each pair, due to the gravitational perturbation produced by the satellite galaxy. However, some systems do not show significant distortions in their radial velocity curves. We found some differences between the directions of the photometric and kinematic major axes in the main galaxies with a bar subsystem. The Tully–Fisher relation in the B-band and Ks-band for the present sample of M51-type systems is flatter than in isolated galaxies. Using the radial velocity data set, we built a synthetic normalized radial velocity distribution, as a reference for future modeling of these peculiar systems. The synthetic rotation curve, representing the typical rotation curve of the main galaxy in an M51-type pair, is near to solid body-like inside 4 kpc, and then is nearly flat within the radial range 5–15 kpc. The relative position angles between the major axis of the main galaxy and the companion’s location, as well as the amplitude of the velocity difference, indicate that the orbital motion of the satellite has a large projection on the equatorial plane of the main galaxy. In addition, the differences in radial velocity between the two galaxies indicate that the satellite’s orbital motion is within the range of amplitudes of the rotation curve of the main galaxy, and all the M51-type systems studied here, except for one, are gravitationally bound.
THE SOURCE STRUCTURE OF 0642+449 DETECTED FROM THE CONT14 OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Xu Ming H. , Heinkelmann Robert , Anderson James M. , Mora-Diaz Julian , Schuh Harald , Wang Guang L. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
The CONT14 campaign with state-of-the-art very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) data has observed the source 0642+449 with about 1000 observables each day during a continuous observing period of 15 days, providing tens of thousands of closure delays—the sum of the delays around a closed loop of baselines. The closure delay is independent of the instrumental and propagation delays and provides valuable additional information about the source structure. We demonstrate the use of this new “observable” for the determination of the structure in the radio source 0642+449. This source, as one of the defining sources in the second realization of the International Celestial Reference Frame, is found to have two point-like components with a relative position offset of −426 microarcseconds (μas) in R.A. and −66 μas in decl. The two components are almost equally bright, with a flux-density ratio of 0.92. The standard deviation of closure delays for source 0642+449 was reduced from 139 to 90 ps by using this two-component model. Closure delays larger than 1 ns are found to be related to the source structure, demonstrating that structure effects for a source with this simple structure could be up to tens of nanoseconds. The method described in this paper does not rely on a priori source structure information, such as knowledge of source structure determined from direct (Fourier) imaging of the same observations or observations at other epochs. We anticipate our study to be a starting point for more effective determination of the structure effect in VLBI observations.
A SECOND-ORDER DIVERGENCE-CONSTRAINED MULTIDIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL SCHEME FOR RELATIVISTIC TWO-FLUID ELECTRODYNAMICS
Authors: Amano Takanobu 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
A new multidimensional simulation code for relativistic two-fluid electrodynamics (RTFED) is described. The basic equations consist of the full set of Maxwell’s equations coupled with relativistic hydrodynamic equations for separate two charged fluids, representing the dynamics of either an electron–positron or an electron–proton plasma. It can be recognized as an extension of conventional relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (RMHD). Finite resistivity may be introduced as a friction between the two species, which reduces to resistive RMHD in the long wavelength limit without suffering from a singularity at infinite conductivity. A numerical scheme based on HLL (Harten–Lax–Van Leer) Riemann solver is proposed that exactly preserves the two divergence constraints for Maxwell’s equations simultaneously. Several benchmark problems demonstrate that it is capable of describing RMHD shocks/discontinuities at long wavelength limit, as well as dispersive characteristics due to the two-fluid effect appearing at small scales. This shows that the RTFED model is a promising tool for high energy astrophysics application.
HYDROCARBON EMISSION RINGS IN PROTOPLANETARY DISKS INDUCED BY DUST EVOLUTION
Authors: Bergin Edwin A. , Du Fujun , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Blake G. A. , Schwarz K. , Visser R. , Zhang K. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We report observations of resolved C2H emission rings within the gas-rich protoplanetary disks of TW Hya and DM Tau using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. In each case the emission ring is found to arise at the edge of the observable disk of millimeter-sized grains (pebbles) traced by submillimeter-wave continuum emission. In addition, we detect a C3H2 emission ring with an identical spatial distribution to C2H in the TW Hya disk. This suggests that these are hydrocarbon rings (i.e., not limited to C2H). Using a detailed thermo-chemical model we show that reproducing the emission from C2H requires a strong UV field and C/O > 1 in the upper disk atmosphere and outer disk, beyond the edge of the pebble disk. This naturally arises in a disk where the ice-coated dust mass is spatially stratified due to the combined effects of coagulation, gravitational settling and drift. This stratification causes the disk surface and outer disk to have a greater permeability to UV photons. Furthermore the concentration of ices that transport key volatile carriers of oxygen and carbon in the midplane, along with photochemical erosion of CO, leads to an elemental C/O ratio that exceeds unity in the UV-dominated disk. Thus the motions of the grains, and not the gas, lead to a rich hydrocarbon chemistry in disk surface layers and in the outer disk midplane.
VERY HIGH ENERGY OBSERVATIONS OF THE BINARIES V 404 CYG AND 4U 0115+634 DURING GIANT X-RAY OUTBURSTS
Authors: Archer A. , Benbow W. , Bird R. , Bourbeau E. , Buchovecky M. , Buckley J. H. , Bugaev V. , Byrum K. , Cerruti M. , Connolly M. P. , Cui W. , Errando M. , Falcone A. , Feng Q. , Fernandez-Alonso M. , Finley J. P. , Fleischhack H. , Flinders A. , Fortson L. , Furniss A. , Griffin S. , Grube J. , Hütten M. , Hanna D. , Hervet O. , Holder J. , Humensky T. B. , Johnson C. A. , Kaaret P. , Kar P. , Kelley-Hoskins N. , Kertzman M. , Kieda D. , Krause M. , Kumar S. , Lang M. J. , Lin T. T. Y. , Maier G. , Moriarty P. , Mukherjee R. , Nieto D. , O’Brien S. , Ong R. A. , Park N. , Pohl M. , Popkow A. , Pueschel E. , Quinn J. , Ragan K. , Reynolds P. T. , Richards G. T. , Roache E. , Rousselle J. , Rovero A. C. , Sadeh I. , Schlenstedt S. , Sembroski G. H. , Shahinyan K. , Staszak D. , Telezhinsky I. , Tyler J. , Wakely S. P. , Wilcox P. , Wilhelm A. , Williams D. A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
Transient X-ray binaries produce major outbursts in which the X-ray flux can increase over the quiescent level by factors as large as 107. The low-mass X-ray binary V 404 Cyg and the high-mass system 4U 0115+634 underwent such major outbursts in 2015 June and October, respectively. We present here observations at energies above hundreds of GeV with the VERITAS observatory taken during some of the brightest X-ray activity ever observed from these systems. No gamma-ray emission has been detected by VERITAS in 2.5 hr of observations of the microquasar V 404 Cyg from 2015, June 20–21. The upper flux limits derived from these observations on the gamma-ray flux above 200 GeV of F

cm−2 s−1 correspond to a tiny fraction (about 10−6) of the Eddington luminosity of the system, in stark contrast to that seen in the X-ray band. No gamma-rays have been detected during observations of 4U 0115+634 in the period of major X-ray activity in 2015 October. The flux upper limit derived from our observations is F

cm−2 s−1 for gamma-rays above 300 GeV, setting an upper limit on the ratio of gamma-ray to X-ray luminosity of less than 4%.
SPECTROPOLARIMETRY OF SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE: INSIGHT INTO THEIR GEOMETRY
Authors: Inserra C. , Bulla M. , Sim S. A. , Smartt S. J. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the first spectropolarimetric observations of a hydrogen-free superluminous supernova (SLSN) at z = 0.1136, namely SN 2015bn. The transient shows significant polarization at both of the observed epochs: one 24 days before maximum light in the rest-frame, and the other at 27 days after peak luminosity. Analysis of the Q – U plane suggests the presence of a dominant axis and no physical departure from the main axis at either epoch. The polarization spectrum along the dominant axis is characterized by a strong wavelength dependence and an increase in the signal from the first to the second epoch. We use a Monte Carlo code to demonstrate that these properties are consistent with a simple toy model that adopts an axisymmetric ellipsoidal configuration for the ejecta. We find that the wavelength dependence of the polarization is possibly due to a strong wavelength dependence in the line opacity, while the higher level of polarization at the second epoch is a consequence of the increase in the asphericity of the inner layers of the ejecta or the fact that the photosphere recedes into less spherical layers. The geometry of the SLSN is similar to that of stripped-envelope core-collapse SNe connected to GRB, while the overall evolution of the ejecta shape could be consistent with a central engine.