bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ascorbic Acid Mediated Amelioration of Bridelia micrantha Induced Alterations in Haematological, Histological and Proximate Composition of the Carcass of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
Authors: Ayotunde Ezekiel Olatunji , Igbang Kenneth Sunday 
Published: October 2024

Acute and sub-acute exposure of piscicidal plant Bridelia micrantha (BM) during fishing of Sharptooth Catfish Clarias gariepinus juvenile causes alterations in haematological, histological and the carcass analysis. The result of water quality shows the normal value for fish culture in the tropics, the DO2 level of the water varies slightly such that the T1 , T2 , T3, T5and T0 were in the normal range, conductivity followed by T2 whereas T1 had the least value for conductivity, which the mean differences were statistically not significant (p>0.05) among the individual treatments. There was severe alterations in haematology, of Clarias gariepinus exposed to Brandelia micrantha, at 0.00, 0.042, 0.084, 0.126, 0.168 and 0.21mg/l during 60days of exposure periods, blood analysis show a reduction in white blood cell (mg/l)), Haemoglobin, Red blood cell (mg/l) Haemoglobin (g/dl), Lymphocytes (mg/l), Mean cell volume (fl), Mean cell concentration, tissue analysis indicated an alterations in the gill, liver and kidney while tissue analysis reveals severe degeneration of the renal tissue with severe intra renal necrosis (TN) and inflammatory cell aggregate (IC) with tubular atrophy (TA) in some areas and carcass analysis show severe reduction in Moisture (M), Crude Protein (CP) (Mg/l), Crude Lipid (CL), Ash, Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE), and Energy (kcal/100g). The recovery of C. gariepinus from Bridelia micrantha (BM) was evaluated by exposing C. gariepinus to a 60-days depuration, on ascorbic acid (AA) supplemented diet at concentrations of 0.00, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125ml/l. After 60-days depuration some of the lesions in histological, haematological and proximate composition of the carcass attained different stages of recovery as compared to the control.
New Plasmid Constructs for Production of Yeast Based Oral Vaccines
Authors: Hossain Sk Amir , Biswas Keya Rani , Akter Rima 
Published: October 2024

In order to avoid conventional vaccines, there is an urgent need to look for new ways of vaccine generation that can cut down the cost, time, and the need for special requirements during storage and distribution. The development of oral peptide/protein-based vaccines could be an ideal alternative. Five expression plasmids are designed in this work for the production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based oral vaccines. Therefore, in this work genetic cassette with different organizations of the required genetic components for efficient gene expression is constructed in the pYES2 plasmid. The construction of five new plasmids for surface display of heterologous recombinant proteins in S. cerevisiae would enable easy insertion of the gene of interest into an optimized genetic cassette consisting of a strong host promoter GAL1, HA-tag for detection of recombinant enzymes, GAS1 gene with/without binding sequence coded for GAS1 cell wall protein and signal sequence for directing the protein into the secretory pathway. After the construction of the genetic cassettes, E gene coded for envelope protein of Chikungunya and Dengue virus is inserted in the genetic cassettes. Genetic models pYES2HAGAS1EgeneChikungunya, pYES2HAGAS1 Egene Dengue, pYES2GAS1 Egene ChikungunyaHA, and pYES2GAS1EGeneDengueHA are constructed with different genetic organizations to display envelope protein of Chikungunya and Dengue virus in the cell surface of S. cerevisiae. In the pYES2SignalEGeneDengueHA construction, envelope protein will be secreted by S. cerevisiae into the media. The constructed vectors are specialized to regulate the expression and surface display of heterologous recombinant proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and will be suitable for large-scale oral vaccine production.
Regulation of the prometastatic neuregulin–MMP13 axis by SRC family kinases: therapeutic implications
Authors: Orive‐Ramos Ana , Seoane Samuel , Ocaña Alberto , Pandiella Atanasio , Montero Juan Carlos 
Published: October 2017

Metastatic dissemination of tumor cells is responsible for the fatal outcome of breast cancer. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms involved in dissemination is essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies to prevent metastasis. One mechanism involved in metastatic dissemination of breast cancer cells is dependent on control of the production of matrix metalloproteinases by the neuregulins (NRGs). The NRGs are polypeptide factors that act by binding to the ErbB/HER subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases. NRG‐mediated activation of HER receptors causes an increase in the production of metalloprotease 13 (MMP13, also termed collagenase‐3), which facilitates metastatic dissemination of breast tumors. In this context, we aimed to explore whether the clinically approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib was able to neutralize this mechanism of metastatic dissemination. Here, we show that dasatinib restricted NRG‐induced MMP13 upregulation, both in vitro and in vivo, and in vivo metastatic dissemination of breast cancer cells. Chemical proteomics studies showed that the main cellular targets of dasatinib were SRC family kinases (SFKs). Moreover, genetic studies showed that knockdown of SRC or YES strongly inhibited NRG‐induced MMP13 upregulation in vitro. Mechanistically, dasatinib treatment or knockdown of SRC also inhibited ERK1/2 kinases in vitro, which were required for NRG‐induced MMP13 upregulation. These results open the possibility of clinically exploring the antitumoral action of dasatinib in those tumors in which the NRG–MMP13 signaling axis may play a relevant role in the control of tumor cell dissemination.
Estimating Belowground Carbon Stocks in Isolated Wetlands of the Northern Everglades Watershed, Central Florida, Using Ground Penetrating Radar and Aerial Imagery
Authors: McClellan Matthew , Comas Xavier , Benscoter Brian , Hinkle Ross , Sumner David 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPeat soils store a large fraction of the global soil carbon (C) pool and comprise 95% of wetland C stocks. While isolated freshwater wetlands in temperate and tropical biomes account for more than 20% of the global peatland C stock, most studies of wetland soil C have occurred in expansive peatlands in northern boreal and subarctic biomes. Furthermore, the contribution of small depressional wetlands in comparison to larger wetland systems in these environments is very uncertain. Given the fact that these wetlands are numerous and variable in terms of their internal geometry, innovative methods are needed for properly estimating belowground C stocks and their overall C contribution to the landscape. In this study, we use a combination of ground penetrating radar (GPR), aerial imagery, and direct measurements (coring) in conjunction with C core analysis to develop a relation between C stock and surface area, and estimate the contribution of subtropical depressional wetlands to the total C stock of pine flatwoods at the Disney Wilderness Preserve (DWP), Florida. Additionally, GPR surveys were able to image collapse structures underneath the peat basin of depressional wetlands, depicting lithological controls on the formation of depressional wetlands at the DWP. Results indicate the importance of depressional wetlands as critical contributors to the landscape C budget at the DWP and the potential of GPR‐based approaches for (1) rapidly and noninvasively estimating the contribution of depressional wetlands to regional C stocks and (2) evaluating the formational processes of depressional wetlands.
Persistent Shoreline Shape Induced From Offshore Geologic Framework: Effects of Shoreface Connected Ridges
Authors: Safak Ilgar , List Jeffrey H. , Warner John C. , Schwab William C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMechanisms relating offshore geologic framework to shoreline evolution are determined through geologic investigations, oceanographic deployments, and numerical modeling. Analysis of shoreline positions from the past 50 years along Fire Island, New York, a 50 km long barrier island, demonstrates a persistent undulating shape along the western half of the island. The shelf offshore of these persistent undulations is characterized with shoreface‐connected sand ridges (SFCR) of a similar alongshore length scale, leading to a hypothesis that the ridges control the shoreline shape through the modification of flow. To evaluate this, a hydrodynamic model was configured to start with the US East Coast and scale down to resolve the Fire Island nearshore. The model was validated using observations along western Fire Island and buoy data, and used to compute waves, currents and sediment fluxes. To isolate the influence of the SFCR on the generation of the persistent shoreline shape, simulations were performed with a linearized nearshore bathymetry to remove alongshore transport gradients associated with shoreline shape. The model accurately predicts the scale and variation of the alongshore transport that would generate the persistent shoreline undulations. In one location, however, the ridge crest connects to the nearshore and leads to an offshore‐directed transport that produces a difference in the shoreline shape. This qualitatively supports the hypothesized effect of cross‐shore fluxes on coastal evolution. Alongshore flows in the nearshore during a representative storm are driven by wave breaking, vortex force, advection and pressure gradient, all of which are affected by the SFCR.
Oxygen in the Southern Ocean From Argo Floats: Determination of Processes Driving Air‐Sea Fluxes
Authors: Bushinsky Seth M. , Gray Alison R. , Johnson Kenneth S. , Sarmiento Jorge L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Southern Ocean is of outsized significance to the global oxygen and carbon cycles with relatively poor measurement coverage due to harsh winters and seasonal ice cover. In this study, we use recent advances in the parameterization of air‐sea oxygen fluxes to analyze 9 years of oxygen data from a recalibrated Argo oxygen data set and from air‐calibrated oxygen floats deployed as part of the Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling (SOCCOM) project. From this combined data set of 150 floats, we find a total Southern Ocean oxygen sink of −183 ± 80 Tmol yr−1 (positive to the atmosphere), greater than prior estimates. The uptake occurs primarily in the Polar‐Frontal Antarctic Zone (PAZ, −94 ± 30 Tmol O2 yr−1) and Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ, −111 ± 9.3 Tmol O2 yr−1). This flux is driven by wintertime ventilation, with a large portion of the flux in the SIZ passing through regions with fractional sea ice. The Subtropical Zone (STZ) is seasonally driven by thermal fluxes and exhibits a net outgassing of 47 ± 29 Tmol O2 yr−1 that is likely driven by biological production. The Subantarctic Zone (SAZ) uptake is −25 ± 12 Tmol O2 yr−1. Total oxygen fluxes were separated into a thermal and nonthermal component. The nonthermal flux is correlated with net primary production and mixed layer depth in the STZ, SAZ, and PAZ, but not in the SIZ where seasonal sea ice slows the air‐sea gas flux response to the entrainment of deep, low‐oxygen waters.
The Effect of the Leeuwin Current on Offshore Surface Gravity Waves in Southwest Western Australia
Authors: Wandres Moritz , Wijeratne E. M. S. , Cosoli Simone , Pattiaratchi Charitha 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe knowledge of regional wave regimes is critical for coastal zone planning, protection, and management. In this study, the influence of the offshore current regime on surface gravity waves on the southwest Western Australian (SWWA) continental shelf was examined. This was achieved by coupling the three dimensional, free surface, terrain‐following hydrodynamic Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) and the third generation wave model Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) using the Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere‐WaveSediment Transport (COAWST) model. Different representative states of the Leeuwin Current (LC), a strong pole‐ward flowing boundary current with a persistent eddy field along the SWWA shelf edge were simulated and used to investigate their influence on different large wave events. The coupled wave‐current simulations were compared to wave only simulations, which represented scenarios in the absence of a background current field. Results showed that the LC and the eddy field significantly impact SWWA waves. Significant wave heights increased (decreased) when currents were opposing (aligning with) the incoming wave directions. During a fully developed LC system significant wave heights were altered by up to
25% and wave directions by up to
20°. The change in wave direction indicates that the LC may modify nearshore wave dynamics and consequently alter sediment patterns. Operational regional wave forecasts and hindcasts may give flawed predictions if wave‐current interaction is not properly accounted for.
The Global Mode‐1 S2 Internal Tide
Authors: Zhao Zhongxiang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe global mode‐1 S2 internal tide is observed using sea surface height (SSH) measurements from four satellite altimeters: TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason‐1, Jason‐2, and Geosat Follow‐On. Plane wave analysis is employed to extract three mode‐1 S2 internal tidal waves in any given 250 km by 250 km window, which are temporally coherent over a 20 year period from 1992 to 2012. Depth‐integrated energy and flux of the S2 internal tide are calculated from the SSH amplitude and a conversion function built from climatological hydrographic profiles in the World Ocean Atlas 2013. The results show that the S2 and M2 internal tides have similar spatial patterns. Both S2 and M2 internal tides originate at major topographic features and propagate over long distances. The S2 internal tidal beams are generally shorter, likely because the relatively weaker S2 internal tide is easily overwhelmed by nontidal noise. The northbound S2 and M2 internal tides from the Hawaiian Ridge are observed to travel over 3500 km across the Northeast Pacific. The globally integrated energy of the mode‐1 S2 internal tide is 7.8 PJ (1 PJ = 1015 J), about 20% that of M2 (36.4 PJ). The histogram of S2 to M2 SSH ratios peaks at 0.4, consistent with the square root of their energy ratio. In terms of SSH, S2 is greater than M2 in
10% of the global ocean and ≥50% of M2 in about half of the global ocean.
Characterization of the Deep Water Surface Wave Variability in the California Current Region
Authors: Villas Bôas Ana B. , Gille Sarah T. , Mazloff Matthew R. , Cornuelle Bruce D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSurface waves are crucial for the dynamics of the upper ocean not only because they mediate exchanges of momentum, heat, energy, and gases between the ocean and the atmosphere, but also because they determine the sea state. The surface wave field in a given region is set by the combination of local and remote forcing. The present work characterizes the seasonal variability of the deep water surface wave field in the California Current region, as retrieved from over two decades of satellite altimetry data combined with wave buoys and wave model hindcast (WaveWatch III). In particular, the extent to which the local wind modulates the variability of the significant wave height, peak period, and peak direction is assessed. During spring/summer, regional‐scale wind events of up to 10 m/s are the dominant forcing for waves off the California coast, leading to relatively short‐period waves (8–10 s) that come predominantly from the north‐northwest. The wave climatology throughout the California Current region shows average significant wave heights exceeding 2 m during most of the year, which may have implications for the planning and retrieval methods of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission.
Multigeneration family with dominant SPG30 hereditary spastic paraplegia
Authors: Roda Ricardo H. , Schindler Alice B. , Blackstone Craig 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAutosomal recessive KIF1A missense mutations cause hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) type SPG30, while recessive truncations lead to sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSN2C) and many de novo missense mutations are associated with cognitive impairment. Here, we describe family members across three generations with pure HSP. A heterozygous p.Ser69Leu KIF1A mutation segregates with those afflicted. The same variant was previously reported in a Finnish father and son with pure HSP as well as four members of a Sicilian kindred with more intrafamilial phenotypic variability. This further validates the pathogenicity of the p.Ser69Leu mutation and suggests that it may represent a mutation hot spot.
Characterization and mechanical properties of ultraviolet stimuli‐responsive functionalized cellulose nanocrystal alginate composites
Authors: Smyth Megan , Rader Chris , Bras Julien , Foster E. Johan 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe poor mechanical properties of alginate when exposed to aqueous solution have been a problem plaguing researchers within the biomedical field. In order to be able to improve the mechanical properties in a systematic manner functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were added to alginate and UV‐induced crosslinked following an azo‐initiated free radical polymerization. CNCs were functionalized with 4‐pentenoic acid (PA‐g‐CNCs) using a simple, environmentally friendly solvent‐free esterification. The dimensional and crystallinity properties of PA‐g‐CNCs remained unchanged following esterification. Thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that 4‐pentenoic acid was present on the surface of CNCs through bulk analysis. These PA‐g‐CNCs were then used in the creation of composites with an azo‐initiator to induce UV‐dependent crosslinking for the improvement of the mechanical properties of alginate. It was shown that the properties of alginate can be enhanced with the addition of functionalized CNCs to nanocomposites in mechanical testing in wet and dry conditions. These results suggest that the addition of PA‐g‐CNCs and crosslinking by UV‐dependent free radical polymerization improves the performance of alginate when tested in dry conditions, but without any apparent dependence to azo‐initiated crosslinking when exposed to water in regards to mechanical properties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45857.
Electrospun PAN–GO composite nanofibers as water purification membranes
Authors: Lee Jeonghun , Yoon Jaehan , Kim Jun‐Hyun , Lee Taegwan , Byun Hongsik 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTVarying amounts of exfoliated graphene oxide (GO) are systematically incorporated into nanoscale polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers via an electrospinning method. Subsequent treatment of the PAN–GO composite nanofibers under a moderate temperature and high pressure leads to the formation of membrane sheets with enhanced mechanical properties. scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements confirm the successful incorporation of the GO into the PAN nanofiber membranes whose diameter, porosity, and pore size are notably influenced by the amount of the GO content. These composite membranes also exhibit a gradual reduction in the water contact angle as a function of the hydrophilic GO content, resulting in a beneficial property for water purification. In addition, the proper integration of GO into the PAN nanofibers improves the protein rejection rate and water flux during the filtration process, which indicates the possibility of utilizing these types of composite membranes in water treatment systems. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45858.
MPEG grafted quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan for demulsification of crude oil emulsions
Authors: Fan Guangtan , Lyu Renliang , Gao Xiao , Liang Cheng , Wang Cunwen 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTFour novel environmentally friendly and highly branched crude oil demulsifiers were prepared by using different molecular weight (Mn = 350, 750, 1000, 1900 g/mol) of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) to modify quaternized N,O‐carboxymethyl chitosan. Fourier transform infrared and 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance were employed to confirm the structure of the demulsifiers. The surface tension of demulsifies was determined and hydrophile–lipophile balance value was calculated at the critical micelle concentration. The demulsification performance was evaluated by the bottle test method against water‐in‐oil emulsions simulated in the laboratory and it was found that the dehydration rate of four demulsifiers can come to 74.2%–80.4%, which have better demulsification performance than the commercial demulsifier JL‐1. Demulsification mechanism was discussed, and it was encouraging to find that the tiny water droplets in the emulsion coalesced to form the water phase and separated with the water from the polarization microscope. Results show that methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) grafted quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan has a promising application as a demulsifiers for dealing with W/O crude oil emulsions. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45867.
Influence of glutaraldehyde on the performance of a lignosulfonate/chitosan‐based medium density fiberboard adhesive
Authors: Ji Xiaodi , Dong Yue , Yuan Bingnan , Li Bin , Guo Minghui 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTA lignosulfonate/chitosan‐based medium density fiberboard (MDF) adhesive has been prepared using glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent. Optimization of glutaraldehyde/chitosan mass ratio was carried out based on characterization details involving MDFs’ mechanical and dimensional performances analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X‐ray diffraction. The addition of glutaraldehyde improved the mechanical properties of the MDF significantly, while it negatively affected the dimensional properties. The MDFs using lignosulfonate/chitosan‐glutaraldehyde adhesives (LS/CS‐Glu) with glutaraldehyde/chitosan mass ratios in the range of 0.25–0.75 fulfilled the Chinese national standard for MDF. Chitosan was crosslinked with self‐polymerized glutaraldehyde through CN linkages which resulted in the reduction of the amide bonds and hydrogen bonds between chitosan and lignosulfonate. The proposed LS/CS‐Glu adhesives can be a promising candidate for traditional MDF adhesives which contain formaldehyde. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45870.
Microcellular polymeric foams based on 1‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and butyl‐acrylate with tuned thermal conductivity
Authors: Reglero Ruiz José A. , Vallejos Saúl , Sanjuán Ana M. , García Félix C. , Múgica Mikel , Rodríguez‐Pérez Miguel Ángel , García José M. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTMicrocellular polymers have been produced by ScCO2 foaming, based on 1‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (VP) and butyl‐acrylate (BA). Three different copolymers were prepared, varying the compositions of VP and BA, following a simple radical polymerization process using an UV initiator. The samples a good foaming behavior and also excellent flexibility and handle ability, with expansion ratios between 1.53 and 1.72, and cell sizes in the microcellular range (below 5 µm). However, it was observed that the gas distribution and, consequently, the cellular structure inside the polymer foams was highly dependent on the VP and BA proportions, leading to very different thermal conductivity values, even for similar volume gas fraction values. These results were related to the copolymer nanostructuration, which seems to have an influence in the final pore structure, thus opening the possibility of designing microcellular foams with similar macroscopic characteristics but different thermal conductivity values. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45872.