bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of congenital morphogenetic variants in children of Chechen Republic living in the regions with high level petrolium in soil
Authors: Djambetova Petimat M , Molochaeva Luisa G , Mahtieva Alla B , Sycheva Ludmila P 
Published: September 2017

For the first time an analysis of congenital morphogenetic variants (CMV) in children living in conditions of pollution products of primary processing of oil is carried out and clear evidence unfavorable effect of exposure to high levels of petroleum in soil on the health of children are received. The average number of CMV for 1 child in a conventionally clean area — s. Goyty was 2,20 ± 0,18, and in areas with petroleum in soil s. Dolinsk and Mesker-Yurt, 3,15 ± 0,21 and 2,79 ± 0,19, respectively.
Comparison between hysterosalpingography and laparoscopic chromopertubation for the assessment of tubal patency in infertile women
Authors: Choudhary Anjana , Tiwari Shreya 
Published: September 2017

Background: Infertility is a critical component of reproductive health, and has often been neglected in these efforts. The inability to have children affects men and women across the globe. Infertility can lead to distress and depression, as well as discrimination and ostracism. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) of infertile women is useful for the assessment of structure of uterine cavity, tubes and their patency. However, although a more invasive procedure such as laparoscopy (L/S) which is regarded as the most reliable method in detection of tubal pathologies in infertility.Methods: This was a Prospective cross sectional study of 50 patients with history of primary or secondary infertility selected from IPD of Jawaharlal Nehru medical College and Acharya Vinobha Bhave Rural Hospital, Tertiary Health Care Centre Located in Sawangi, Wardha, Maharashtra (India). The age group of the patients was between 18 yrs. - 45 yrs. The study population was selected depending upon the total number of patients (fitting the criteria) visiting the IPD of AVBRH Department of Obstetrics and gynecology for a period of 1 years (September 2015 to September 2016). The collected data was compiled and proper statistical formulas were applied to analyze the data collected.Results: The present study include 50 cases of both primary and secondary infertility of which 29 cases (58%) were primary infertility and 21 cases (42%) were secondary infertility. In this study the 3(6%) cases were found in the age group of <20 years followed by 16 (32%) cases in the age group of 21-25 years, 19(38%) cases were in the age group of 26-30 years while 7(14%) cases were in the age group of 31-35years the age group of 36-40 years 2(14%) and in age group > 40 years is 3(6%). In the present study, based on Kuppuswamy index most (30%) of the women had class IV socio economic status in both primary and secondary infertility. In the present study, there were 6 (28.57%) cases with History of LSCS, 7 cases (33.33%) had FTND, 6(28.57%) cases had history of abortion, and 2(9.52%) had previous ectopic pregnancy. Moderate degree of agreement was found between findings of both tests.Conclusions: The results suggest that hysterosalpingography is useful as a primary screening procedure, but laparoscopy provides a more accurate assessment of tubal patency in the investigation of infertility.
A prospective study to evaluate the acceptance, efficacy, side effects and expulsion rates of post-placental intrauterine device
Authors: Sankhe Richa S. , Kamble Meenal T. 
Published: September 2017

Background: This study was conducted to know the factors associated with acceptability of immediate post placental IUCD insertion in women and to know the level of safety, efficacy and expulsion of post placental insertion of IUCD.Methods: This study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Kasturba General Hospital, Mumbai over a period of 1 year. Women admitted and delivered at KGH were informed and counselled regarding intrauterine devices regarding its insertion, efficacy and side effects. Cu T 380A was inserted within 15 minutes of delivery of placenta and membranes in women who gave consent and had no contraindications for IUD insertion. All these women were followed for 6 months in the post insertion period.Results: Total number of women counselled was 400 over the period of six months from August 2015 to January 2016. Out of these only 250 women gave consent for PPIUCD insertion. 50 were lost to follow up. 200 women were followed, out of which 15 women had expulsion, 15 women had excessive bleeding, 20 women complained of pelvic pain, bleeding and abdominal pain together was found in 25 women. 160 out of 200 continued with the method while the rest discontinued.Conclusions: Based on present study it may be concluded that post placental intrauterine device is an effective method of contraception. Proper counselling and insertion techniques would further improve the acceptability and reduce the expulsion rates.
La incidencia democrática de la nebulosa obligación de claridad del Dictamen relativo a la secesión del Quebec = Democratic Impact of the vague Obligation of Clarity in the Reference re Secession of Quebec
Authors: Rocher François 
Published: September 2017

Resumen: El artículo analiza los efectos que el Dictamen del Tribunal supremo de Canadá relativo a la secesión del Quebec genera desde una perspectiva democrática. Para ello se centra en dos aspectos. El primero propone una reflexión sobre los fundamentos del Estado de Derecho; sobre el alcance del constitucionalismo así como sobre las exigencias asociadas al imperio de la ley y a la comprensión del margen de discrecionalidad atribuido a los actores políticos. El segundo pone en evidencia la definición estrecha de la democracia constitucional propuesta por el Tribunal así como sus múltiples zonas de sombra. Palabras clave: Secesión, derecho de secesión, Imperio de la ley, Rule of Law, obligación de negociar, claridad. Abstract: This article analyses the impact generated by the Reference re Secession of Quebec from a democratic perspective. Following that objective, it focuses on two aspects. The first one proposes a reflexion on the foundations of the Rule of Law, the range of constitutionalism as well as the requests associated to the supremacy of the law and to the understanding of the margin of discretion conferred to political agents. The second one shows up the narrow definition of constitutional democracy proposed by the Court as well as its large grey areas. Keywords: Secession, Right to secession, Supremacy of the law, Rule of Law, obligation to negotiate, clarity.
Elusión fiscal (regulación en la Unión Europea) = Tax avoidance (European Union regulation)
Authors: Sanz Gómez Rafael 
Published: September 2017

Resumen: La elusión fiscal se define como la articulación de estrategias de minimización del pago de tributos que son conformes con la literalidad de la normativa pero no con una interpretación sistemática o teleológica, y ante las cuales el sistema tributario reacciona para, como mínimo, anular el beneficio fiscal obtenido. En el ámbito de la Unión Europea, el concepto de elusión –como todo lo tributario– se analiza desde la perspectiva de la promoción de un mercado interior en condiciones de libre competencia. La postura de las instituciones de la Unión ha variado, pasando de favorecer ante todo la libre circulación de bienes, capitales, servicios y trabajadores, permitiendo la aplicación de las medidas anti-elusión estatales sólo con carácter excepcional, a considerar que la elusión daña las condiciones de libre competencia empresarial y es necesaria una acción positiva y coordinada, cuyo exponente más elaborado es la Directiva (UE) 2016/1164, del Consejo, de 12 de julio de 2016, por la que se establecen normas contra las prácticas de elusión fiscal que inciden directamente en el funcionamiento del mercado interior.Palabras clave: Elusión fiscal, Unión Europea, abuso del derecho tributario, planificación fiscal agresiva, mercado interior, BEPS, armonización.Abstract: Tax avoidance is defined as the implementation of strategies of minimization of the tax burden that are in accordance with the literal wording of the regulations but not with their systematic or teleological interpretation. The tax system reacts to tax avoidance by, at least, supressing the benefit obtained by the taxpayer. Within the European Union, the concept of tax avoidance –like everything regarding tax matters– is analysed from the perspective of the promotion of an internal market under conditions of free competition. The stand taken by the Union institutions has shifted from promoting free movement of goods, capital, services, and labour while allowing the application of State anti-avoidance measures only on an exceptional basis, to consider that tax avoidance damages the conditions of free competition and positive and coordinated action is necessary. Here, a milestone has been the enaction of the Council Directive (EU) 2016/1164 of 12 July 2016 laying down rules against tax avoidance practices that directly affect the functioning of the internal market.Keywords: Tax avoidance, European Union, tax abuse, aggressive tax planning, internal market, BEPS, harmonization
Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Lens culinaris Medikus Seeds: An Update
Authors: Vohra Kripi , Garg Vandana , Dureja Harish 
Published: September 2017

Background: The seeds of Lens culinaris Medikus belong to family Leguminosae and are commonly known as masoor pulses, Lentils, and Lens esculenta Moench.Objective:The present review provides an up-to-date information on the therapeutic potential of Lentil seeds including its synonyms, taxonomical classification, geographical distribution, cultivation, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology and reported biological uses.Updated Information:Geographically, L. culinaris seeds are grown throughout North India. They are lens shaped, grayish brown in color with mucilaginous taste and characteristic odor. They are well known for their nutritional properties and are also considered as a vital part of a balanced diet. Besides their contribution to health due to the presence of essential macro- and micro- nutrients, they also contain various bioactive phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds, saponins, etc. which are responsible for exhibiting various pharmacological properties. The Lentil seeds are traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal problems such as dysentery, diarrhea, constipation, strangury, cardiac disorders, skin diseases, anemia, etc. Due to such an attractive ethnopharmacological profile, various studies have been conducted on Lentil seeds which recommend the use of Lentil seeds as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal antihyperlipidemic, etc.Conclusion:This would assist the researchers to get a better insight into Lentil seeds.
Preparation, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Activity of LaMnO3 Nanorods-reduced Graphene Oxide Composite
Authors: Huang Hao , He Mengru , Zhang Liang , Lu Benqian , Hu Jie 
Published: September 2017

Background:
A new type of photocatalyst with a perovskite structure is recently utilized.
The one-dimensional nanostructure of photocatalysts holds great charge mobility along the crystal
longitudinal dimension and can hence provide the direct pathways of charge carriers. Graphene holds
a superior electrical conductivity and high specific surface area. The aims of this paper are to make
LaMnO3 nanorods disperse on the graphene surface. The synergistic effect between graphene and
LaMnO3 nanorods enhances the photocatalytic performance.

Method:
LaMnO3 nanorods–graphene is fabricated using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as template
by a simple hydrothermal reaction followed by heat treatment.

Results:
XRD result indicates that the appropriate calcination temperature for the perovskite structure
formation is 650°C. Electron microscopy reveals the LaMnO3 nanorods exhibit a good dispersion
behavior on the surface of graphene and the specific surface area of LaMnO3 nanorods-graphene
is higher than that of LaMnO3 nanorods. The activities of LaMnO3 nanorods–graphene and TiO2 are
compared for degradation of Direct Green BE, the decolorizing rates are 99.93% and 79.45%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The photocatalytic results for Direct Green BE degradation showed that LaMnO3 nanorods–
reduced graphene oxide exhibit a superior photocatalytic performance than that of LaMnO3
nanorods and TiO2 powders. The one-dimensional nanorod structure of LaMnO3 can provide a direct
pathway for electronic transmission, and the increased aspect ratio is favorable for reducing the recombination
probability of the electron and hole. Meanwhile, the photoelectron transport along the
graphene sheets can promote the separation of the e−–h+ pairs.
An Analysis of Assessment Models Employed by The Indonesian Elementary School Teachers
Authors: Maba Wayan , Mantra Ida Bagus Nyoman 
Published: September 2017

The present study was conducted to analyze the assessment models employed by Indonesian elementary school teachers in the context of assessment models as suggested by the curriculum in 2013. The analysis includes the selected assessment models and their implementation in real classroom settings to assess the students’ attitudes, knowledge, and skills. This study made use of a qualitative research design in which the data were analyzed by means of deep argumentation and presented descriptively. Data were collected through direct observation and in-depth interviews to the selected elementary school teachers. The collected data were analyzed in an analytical manner to obtain the findings. The findings of the present study indicated that primary school teachers employed various models of assessment based on the aspects of attitudes, knowledge, and skills. Assessment of the students’ attitude includes observation, self-assessment, peer assessment, and teachers’ records. Assessment of the students’ knowledge includes a written test, an oral test, and assignment. Assessment of the students’ skill includes performance, portfolio and project. Meanwhile, the scores of the students’ achievement were analyzed based on the scores of the students’ attitude obtained by using the instruments, such as observation blank sheet, Self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher’ records. Self-assessment and peer assessment were also used as a confirmation of the scores for the report card and the teachers’ records were mainly used to provide the suggestions for the students’ improvement.
Базові основи та принципи керованої інфузійної терапії у хворих із невідкладною хірургічною патологією органів черевної порожнини
Authors: Kravets O.V. , Klygunenko E.N. 
Published: September 2017

За останні п’ятнадцять років кількість ургентних лапаратомій становила 36–58 % з летальністю 30–80 %. Однією з головних причин такої високої смертності є гіповолемія, що формує гемодинамічні порушення, тканинну гіпоксію і розвиток поліорганної недостатності. Основним методом її лікування є поповнен­ня дефіциту об’єму циркулюючої крові. Препаратами вибору вважаються кристалоїди. Прогнозування ефектів кристалоїдних розчинів легко провести за допомогою фізико-хімічної моделі кислотно-лужної рівноваги Стюарта. Згідно теорії, характеристиками збалансованого кристалоїдного розчину є: SIDinf = 24 мEqL–1; відповідність вмісту електролітів до їх концентрації в плазмі; наявність у складі органічних іонів, що запобігають підвищенню концентрації Cl– в інфузійному розчині і є донаторами резервної лужності. Виходячи з цього ми виділяємо серед кристалоїдних розчинів незбалансовані (0,9% розчин NaCl); частково збалансовані (розчини Рінгера лактат і Хартмана); повністю збалансовані розчини (плазмаліт, плазмаліт А, стерофундін, стерофундін ISO). Використання незбалансованих розчинів небезпечно у зв’язку з розвитком гіперхлоремічного ацидозу. Використання частково збалансованих кристалоїдних розчинів може формувати або посилювати лактатацидоз в умовах тканинної гіпоксії і/або дисфункції печінки. Інфузія збалансованих розчинів дозволяє швидко коригувати метаболічний ацидоз.
Оценка сочетанного применения холекальциферола и антигипертензивной терапии у лиц с артериальной гипертензией
Authors: Yankouskaya L.V. , Snezhitskiy V.A. , Lyalikov S.A. , Kezhun L.V. 
Published: September 2017

Актуальность.Целью исследования стала оценка влияния применения холекальциферола в дозе 2000 МЕ в сутки на уровень 25(ОН)D в сыворотке и артериальное давление на фоне антигипертензивной терапии у больных с артериальной гипертензией II стадии. Материалы и методы. Мы провели проспективное одноцентровое исследование у 115 больных со II стадией АГ (91 женщина и 24 мужчины), средний возраст 50,7 ± 7,1 года. Продолжительность периода наблюдения составила в среднем 15,8 ± 1,8 мес. (от 12 до 18 мес.). Пациенты получали антигипертензивную терапию в соответствии с европейскими рекомендациями: ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента или антагонисты рецепторов ангиотензина — лозартан, или диуретики (гидрохлортиазид или индапамид) в составе комбинированной терапии, или антагонисты кальция — амлодипин, или бета-адреноблокаторы, или их сочетание. Каждому второму пациенту было рекомендовано принимать витамин D в виде холекальциферола в дозе 2000 МЕ/день ежедневно. Всем пациентам проводили общий анализ крови, общий анализ мочи, определение сахара в крови натощак, мочевины в сыворотке крови, креатинина в сыворотке крови, систолического и диастолического артериального давления, антропометрических данных, электрокардиографию. Уровень общего витамина D в сыворотке крови определяли с помощью иммуноферментного анализа. Статистический анализ выполняли, используя программный пакет «STATISTICA 10.0» (SN AXAR207F394425FA-Q). Результаты. Было выявлено, что прием диуретиков (гидрохлортиазида в дозе 12,5–25 мг или индапамида в дозе 1,5 мг) в составе комбинированной антигипертензивной терапии оказывает влияние на изменения 25(ОН)D в сыворотке (F = 5,35; p = 0,02) и его уровень (F = 11,8; p = 0,0009). Изменения систолического артериального давления были более выражены (–27,4 ± 17,9) в группе пациентов, получавших диуретик и холекальциферол, по сравнению с группой сравнения, что соответствовало уровню достоверности p < 0,001. В той же группе была выявлена взаимосвязь между динамикой систолического артериального давления и длительностью приема холекальциферола (R = 0,42; p = 0,023). Было обнаружено достоверное влияние как холекальциферола (F = 4,1; p = 0,046), так и диуретиков (F = 14,3; p = 0,0003). Выводы. Тиазидные или тиазидоподобные диуретики оказывают отрицательное влияние на уровень 25(OH)D в сыворотке. Сочетанное применение холекальциферола и диуретика в дозе 2000 МЕ в сутки для лечения пациентов с АГ II стадии позволяет достичь наибольшего антигипертензивного эффекта в отношении систолического артериального давления без риска избыточной концентрации витамина D в организме.
Особенности состояния иммунной системы у потенциальных реципиентов почечного трансплантата детского возраста
Authors: Zakordonets V.P. , Zograbian R.O. , Voroniak O.S. , Kubashko A.V. , Baran V.Ye. 
Published: September 2017

Актуальность. Состояние иммунной системы реципиента может оказывать большое влияние на результаты трансплантации и должно учитываться при выборе тактики иммуносупрессивной терапии. Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ цитометрического исследования субпопуляции лимфоцитов периферической крови: Т-клетки (CD3+, CD19–), Т-хелперы (CD3+, CD4+), Т-цитотоксические (CD3+, CD8+), Т-активированные (CD3+, HLA-DR+), T-NK-клетки (CD3+, CD16+56+), В-клетки (CD3–, CD19+, HLA-DR+), NK-клетки (CD3–, CD16+56+) у 40 взрослых пациентов в возрасте 18–50 лет и 20 детей (возраст 2–18 лет) с терминальной хронической почечной недостаточностью, которые получали почечно-заместительную терапию методом программного гемодиализа перед аллотрансплантацией почки на базе Национального института хирургии и трансплантологии имени А.А. Шалимова. Результаты. У детей с терминальной почечной недостаточностью по сравнению со взрослыми пациентами выявлено большее относительное количество В-лимфоцитов и меньшее — Т-цитотоксических и Т-активированных лимфоцитов. Отмечены также тенденции к снижению уровней Т-NК- и NK-клеток, а также повышению соотношения CD4+/CD8+. Состояние иммунной системы у пациентов с терминальной хронической почечной недостаточностью детского возраста перед трансплантацией отличается от такого у взрослых. Но, принимая во внимание разноречивость данных литературы по этому вопросу, считаем необходимым продолжить исследование с обязательным анализом динамики показателей в посттрансплантационном периоде. Выводы. Выявленные отличия количественного состава субпопуляций лимфоцитов у детей перед трансплантацией почки необходимо учитывать для выбора оптимальной схемы иммуносупрессивной терапии.
The clinical effectiveness of insulin glargine in patients with Type I diabetes in Brazil: findings and implications
Authors: Marra Lays P , Araújo Vânia E , Oliveira Gerusa CC , Diniz Leonardo M , Guerra Júnior Augusto A , Acurcio Francisco de Assis , Godman Brian , Álvares Juliana 
Published: September 2017

Aim:
Published studies have challenged the cost–effectiveness of insulin glargine versus neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulins in Brazil with limited evidence of increased effectiveness despite considerably higher acquisition costs. However, still a controversy. Consequently, there is a need to address this.
Materials & methods:
Retrospective cohort study of Type I diabetes patients receiving insulin glargine in Brazil following NPH insulin who met the criteria.
Results:
580 patients were enrolled. HbA
1c
varied from 8.80 ± 1.98% in NPH insulin users to 8.54 ± 1.88% after insulin glargine for 6 months, which is not clinically significant. Frequency of glycemic control varied from 22.6% with NPH insulin to 26.2% with insulin glargine. No statistically significant difference was observed between controlled and still uncontrolled groups for all analyzed factors including type and frequency of insulin use and carbohydrate counting.
Conclusion:
Limited differences between NPH insulins and insulin analogs in routine clinical care do not justify an appreciable cost difference.
Talleres psicoeducativos para el desarrollo de la calidad de vida del adulto mayor desde la perspectiva del trabajo comunitario
Authors: Gálvez Caridad Fresneda , León Bravo Osvaldo 
Published: September 2017

Proporcionar salud a las personas es una de las responsabilidades sociales que por su dimensión universal se convierte en aspiraciones y puntos de convergencias entre las diferentes Ciencias; de manera que no resulta extraño que uno de los objetivos principales de los diferentes estados sea mejorar el servicio educativo en función del bienestar físico y mental de las personas. La línea de trabajo por la cual se prefijo esta investigación estuvo en correspondencia con el Centro de Estudio para el Desarrollo Agrario Rural (CEDAR) y la Facultad de Cultura Física de Mayabeque de la Universidad Agraria de La Habana. El objetivo general para el cumplimiento de la investigación estuvo encaminado a proponer un sistema de talleres psicoeducativos que desde el trabajo corporal participativo permita estimular y orientar acciones para mejorar la calidad de vida y en el Adulto Mayor. Dentro de los métodos y técnicas empleadas en la investigación se encontraron : los métodos como el Análisis histórico-lógico, El análisis y síntesis y la Inducción y Deducción, también están en el Análisis de Documentos y la consulta de especialistas, dentro de las técnicas empleadas tenemos, la entrevistas y el procedimiento de triangulación. Se obtuvo como resultado un sistema de talleres psicoeducativos desde el trabajo corporal participativo permitió estimular multilateralmente las habilidades conformadoras del desarrollo, relación sistémica que influyo directamente sobre el desarrollo de la calidad de vida del adulto mayor.