bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Multimodal Learning Analytics to Model Student Behavior: A Systematic Analysis of Epistemological Framing
Authors: Andrade Alejandro , Delandshere Ginette , Danish Joshua A. 
Published: September 2016

Research has shown that students respond to social expectations of interviews by engaging with the content in distinct ways that may or may not be productive. These structures of expectations with respect to knowledge are referred to as epistemological framing. In this study our goal is to introduce a systematic way to analyze student behaviors and describe how they cluster together to reflect different epistemological frames. In analyzing the data statistically, frames are regarded as a latent variable that accounts for the co-occurrence of behaviors. We use a computer clustering algorithm to systematically identify behavioral clusters in videotaped data of early elementary students that construct explanations of biological systems in semi-structured interviews. We also examine the relationship between these behavioral clusters and mechanistic reasoning as a way to investigate the importance of the inferences made based on these identified frames. Results show that there is a clear association between epistemological framing and student reasoning. By providing a statistical model of student framing, our approach can support the ongoing refinement of theory around epistemological frames and their impact on learning.
Learning Factor Models of Students at Risk of Failing in the Early Stage of Tertiary Education
Authors: Gray Geraldine , McGuinness Colm , Owende Philip , Hofmann Markus 
Published: September 2016

This paper reports on a study to predict students at risk of failing based on data available prior to commencement of first year of study. The study was conducted over three years, 2010 to 2012, on a student population from a range of academic disciplines, n=1,207. Data was gathered from both student enrolment data maintained by college administration, and an online, self-reporting, learner profiling tool administered during first-year student induction. Factors considered included prior academic performance, personality, motivation, self-regulation, learning approaches, age and gender. Models were trained on data from the 2010 and 2011 student cohort, and tested on data from the 2012 student cohort. A comparison of eight classification algorithms found k-NN achieved best model accuracy (72%), but results from other models were similar, including ensembles (71%), support vector machine (70%) and a decision tree (70%). Models of subgroups by age and discipline achieved higher accuracies, but were affected by sample size; n<900 underrepresented patterns in the dataset. Results showed that factors most predictive of academic performance in first year of study at tertiary education included age, prior academic performance and self-efficacy. This study indicated that early modelling of first year students yielded informative, generalisable models that identified students at risk of failing.
Long-Term Outcomes of Infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Maguire Denise J. , Taylor Susan , Armstrong Kathleen , Shaffer-Hudkins Emily , Germain Aaron M. , Brooks Sandra S. , Cline Genieveve J. , Clark Leah 
Published: September 2016

AbstractParents of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in the NICU may have questions about the long-term consequences of prenatal exposure to methadone, both asked and unasked. Although the signs of withdrawal will abate relatively quickly, parents should be aware of potential vision, motor, and behavioral/cognitive problems, as well as sleeping disturbances and ear infections so their infants can be followed closely and monitored by their pediatrician with appropriate referrals made. Furthermore, this knowledge may inspire parents to enroll their infants in an early intervention program to help optimize their outcomes. There are still many unanswered questions about epigenetic consequences, risk for child abuse/neglect, and risk of future substance abuse in this population.
Anticorpos anti-pestivírus em caprinos e ovinos do sertão do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Michele Moreira Martins de Oliveira  , Silva Tercya Lúcidi de Araújo , Oliveira Michele Moreira M. , Teixeira Mirian Nogueira , Mota Iagmar Oliveira da , Castro Roberto Soares de 
Published: September 2016

One of the main health problems found out in sheep and goat breeding of Pernambuco’s hinterland has been the occurrence of miscarriages and birth defects, which can be blamed on the pestiviruses have been infecting cattle in several countries, including Brazil. In order to research the pestiviruses influence in abortions and malformations a sero epidemiological survey has been carried out in goats and sheep in the Pernambuco’s hiterland, the main producing region of the state. 814 serum samples of goats and sheep have been submitted to neutralization microplate test using strain-cytopathic BVDV-1 (NADL). The prevalence was 10.89% (9.36≤p≤12.42) in goats and 6.98% (5.36≤p≤8.60) in sheep. The samples were stratified according to animal type (breeding female, breeder and young) and middle region where they were coming from (Pernambuco’s hinterland and São Francisco Pernambucano’s hinterland). There were no statistically significant differences between species or between the strata. According to the information available through investigative questionnaire, abortion occurred in 70.96% (22/31) of the breedings and birth defects in 83.87% (26/31). In 61.29% of breeding goats, sheep and cattle are bred together. Through the results obtained we concluded the pestivirus live in small ruminants, unattached of the animal category and regions studied in low prevalence.
Contabilidade rural: Estudo de caso da cultura do feijão e da soja na região de Jussara-Goiás no período 2014/2015.
Authors: Caetano Graciele Araújo de Oliveira , Souza Daniela Ferreira de , Ferreira Julio Cesar Silvestre , Oliveira Karla Conceição de , Brito Djalma Aparecido Alves de , Cintra Denise Gomes Barros , Silva Clesiomar Rezende 
Published: September 2016

Accountancy existed since the ancient civilizations, when the man did not even know the conventional counting system, but with the need to follow the evolution of his flock, the counting system with scratches on trees or stones, as from that moment the accounting has become part of man's life and it has evolved throughout the historical process of humanity. Only in the early nineteenth century that accounting ceased to be a simple tool for providing information. In the rural area, we have today a more precisely and controlled accounting, not only to ascertain the heads of animals in the property, but a way to control the familiar rural heritage in general, directing property's inputs and outputs, managing all cash flows, because the farm is also a company, being the entrepreneur its own proprietary. Inside the culture ranching and farming, we have the crop production portion with the temporary or permanent culture. For the property success it is necessary to pay attention to the costs of expenses, that investment requires being both relevant, variable and fixed costs. The bean crop is a temporary cultivation and requires a moderate climate with not very heavy rainfall, and the soy is the development champion for the last three decades. This field research showed us the real situation of bean cultivation and soy, inside the accounting field, evaluating since spending on soil preparation for sale of the product thus having the actual values of inputs, outputs and profits and which products have higher profitability.
Changes in Overall Diet Quality and Subsequent Type 2 Diabetes Risk: Three U.S. Prospective Cohorts
Authors: Ley Sylvia H. , Pan An , Li Yanping , Manson JoAnn E. , Willett Walter C. , Sun Qi , Hu Frank B. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE
Recent public health recommendations emphasize adopting a healthful dietary pattern, but evidence is scarce on whether incremental diet quality changes have an impact on long-term diabetes prevention. We aim to evaluate diet quality changes during a 4-year period and subsequent 4-year type 2 diabetes incidence.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Participants of prospective cohorts, the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), NHS II, and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, who were free of diabetes at baseline (n = 124,607), were observed for ≥20 years. Diet quality, reflected by the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) score, was assessed every 4 years to calculate changes.

RESULTS
We documented 9,361 cases of type 2 diabetes during 2,093,416 person-years of follow-up. A &gt;10% decrease in AHEI score over 4 years was associated with a higher subsequent diabetes risk (pooled hazard ratio 1.34 [95% CI 1.23–1.46]) with multiple adjustment, whereas a &gt;10% increase in AHEI score was associated with a lower risk (0.84 [0.78–0.90]). Greater improvement in diet quality was associated with lower diabetes risk across baseline diet quality status (P for trend ≤ 0.001 for low, medium, or high initial diet quality) and baseline BMI (P for trend ≤ 0.01 for BMI &lt;25, 25–29, or 30 kg/m2). Changes in body weight explained 32% (95% CI 24–41) of the association between AHEI changes (per 10% increase) and diabetes risk.

CONCLUSIONS
Improvement in overall diet quality is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas deterioration in diet quality is associated with a higher risk. The association between diet quality changes and diabetes risk is only partly explained by body weight changes.
Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity for Women Who Would Be Added to the Diagnosis of GDM Using IADPSG Criteria: A Secondary Analysis of the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Study
Authors: Waters Thaddeus P. , Dyer Alan R. , Scholtens Denise M. , Dooley Sharon L. , Herer Elaine , Lowe Lynn P. , Oats Jeremy J.N. , Persson Bengt , Sacks David A. , Metzger Boyd E. , Catalano Patrick M. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE
To assess the frequency of adverse outcomes for women who are diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria using data from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This is a secondary analysis from the North American HAPO study centers. Glucose measurements from a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test were used to group participants into three nonoverlapping categories: GDM based on Carpenter-Coustan (CC) criteria (also GDM based on IADPSG criteria), GDM diagnosed based on IADPSG criteria but not CC criteria, and no GDM. Newborn outcomes included birth weight, cord C-peptide, and newborn percentage fat above the 90th percentile; maternal outcomes included primary cesarean delivery and preeclampsia. Outcome frequencies were compared using multiple logistic regression, adjusting for predefined covariates.

RESULTS
Among 25,505 HAPO study participants, 6,159 blinded participants from North American centers were included. Of these, 81% had normal glucose testing, 4.2% had GDM based on CC criteria, and 14.3% had GDM based on IADPSG criteria but not CC criteria. Compared with women with no GDM, those diagnosed with GDM based on IADPSG criteria had adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for birth weight, cord C-peptide, and newborn percentage fat above the 90th percentile, as well as primary cesarean delivery and preeclampsia, of 1.87 (1.50–2.34), 2.00 (1.54–2.58), 1.73 (1.35–2.23), 1.31 (1.07–1.60), and 1.73 (1.32–2.27), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Women diagnosed with GDM based on IADPSG criteria had higher adverse outcome frequencies compared with women with no GDM. These data underscore the need for research to assess the effect of treatment to improve outcomes in such women.
Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation Interventions and Outcomes for a Person With Quadrilateral Amputation
Authors: Kimble Sharon L. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Functional outcome reports for people with quadrilateral amputation are not common in the rehabilitation medicine literature. The literature describing functional outcomes that does exist focuses primarily on people with a single or bilateral lower limb amputation. This case report chronicles the interventions and outcomes in a single person with amputation of all 4 limbs during an inpatient rehabilitation admission.

Case Description
The patient was a 59-year-old woman who had a quadrilateral amputation after developing disseminated intravascular coagulation. Her medical history and initial physical therapist examination, along with preambulation interventions, gait training, and scores from the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), are described. The results of the 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) and the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) illustrate her progress from novice ambulator to community ambulator over the course of 1 year.

Outcomes
The patient achieved her goal of community ambulation with her prosthetic limbs. Her 10MWT and 6MWT results revealed significant improvement at the 1-year postdischarge follow-up.

Discussion
Despite the high energy levels necessary to ambulate with bilateral prosthetic limbs, the patient achieved 86% of the predicted distance for her age and sex in the 6MWT. In addition, she more than doubled her FIM motor score from inpatient acute rehabilitation admission to discharge. Closed-chain exercise and a focused approach to this patient's preprosthetic training were part of her success in becoming a community ambulator.
Is less always better? Keyhole and standard subtemporal approaches: evaluation of temporal lobe retraction and surgical volume with and without zygomatic osteotomy in a cadaveric model
Authors: Ercan Serdar , Scerrati Alba , Wu Phengfei , Zhang Jun , Ammirati Mario 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVEThe subtemporal approach is one of the surgical routes used to reach the interpeduncular fossa. Keyhole subtemporal approaches and zygomatic arch osteotomy have been proposed in an effort to decrease the amount of temporal lobe retraction. However, the effects of these modified subtemporal approaches on temporal lobe retraction have never been objectively validated.METHODSA keyhole and a classic subtemporal craniotomy were executed in 4 fresh-frozen silicone-injected cadaver heads. The target was defined as the area bordered by the superior cerebellar artery, the anterior clinoid process, supraclinoid internal carotid artery, and the posterior cerebral artery. Once the target was fully visualized, the authors evaluated the amount of temporal lobe retraction by measuring the distance between the base of the middle fossa and the temporal lobe. In addition, the volume of the surgical and anatomical corridors was assessed as well as the surgical maneuverability using navigation and 3D moldings. The same evaluation was conducted after a zygomatic osteotomy was added to the two approaches.RESULTSTemporal lobe retraction was the same in the two approaches evaluated while the surgical corridor and the maneuverability were all greater in the classic subtemporal approach.CONCLUSIONSThe zygomatic arch osteotomy facilitates the maneuverability and the surgical volume in both approaches, but the temporal lobe retraction benefit is confined to the lateral part of the middle fossa skull base and does not result in the retraction necessary to expose the selected target.
MULTI-WAVELENGTH LENS RECONSTRUCTION OF A PLANCK AND HERSCHEL-DETECTED STAR-BURSTING GALAXY
Authors: Timmons Nicholas , Cooray Asantha , Riechers Dominik A. , Nayyeri Hooshang , Fu Hai , Jullo Eric , Gladders Michael D. , Baes Maarten , Bussmann R. Shane , Calanog Jae , Clements David L. , Cunha Elisabete da , Dye Simon , Eales Stephen A. , Furlanetto Cristina , Gonzalez-Nuevo Joaquin , Greenslade Joshua , Gurwell Mark , Messias Hugo , Michałowski Michał J. , Oteo Iván , Pérez-Fournon Ismael , Scott Douglas , Valiante Elisabetta 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a source-plane reconstruction of a Herschel and Planck-detected gravitationally lensed dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG) at z = 1.68 using Hubble, Submillimeter Array (SMA), and Keck observations. The background submillimeter galaxy (SMG) is strongly lensed by a foreground galaxy cluster at z = 0.997 and appears as an arc with a length of ∼15″ in the optical images. The continuum dust emission, as seen by SMA, is limited to a single knot within this arc. We present a lens model with source-plane reconstructions at several wavelengths to show the difference in magnification between the stars and dust, and highlight the importance of multi-wavelength lens models for studies involving lensed DSFGs. We estimate the physical properties of the galaxy by fitting the flux densities to model spectral energy distributions leading to a magnification-corrected star-formation rate (SFR) of 390 ± 60 M

yr−1 and a stellar mass of

. These values are consistent with high-redshift massive galaxies that have formed most of their stars already. The estimated gas-to-baryon fraction, molecular gas surface density, and SFR surface density have values of 0.43 ± 0.13, 350 ± 200

pc−2, and

M

yr−1 kpc−2, respectively. The ratio of SFR surface density to molecular gas surface density puts this among the most star-forming systems, similar to other measured SMGs and local ULIRGs.
MODELING EXTRAGALACTIC EXTINCTION THROUGH GAMMA-RAY BURST AFTERGLOWS
Authors: Zonca Alberto , Cecchi-Pestellini Cesare , Mulas Giacomo , Casu Silvia , Aresu Giambattista 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
We analyze extragalactic extinction profiles derived through gamma-ray burst afterglows, using a dust model specifically constructed on the assumption that dust grains are not immutable but respond, time-dependently, to the local physics. Such a model includes core-mantle spherical particles of mixed chemical composition (silicate core, sp2, and sp3 carbonaceous layers), and an additional molecular component in the form of free-flying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. We fit most of the observed extinction profiles. Failures occur for lines of sight, presenting remarkable rises blueward of the bump. We find a tendency for the carbon chemical structure to become more aliphatic with the galactic activity, and to some extent with increasing redshifts. Moreover, the contribution of the molecular component to the total extinction is more important in younger objects. The results of the fitting procedure (either successes and failures) may be naturally interpreted through an evolutionary prescription based on the carbon cycle in the interstellar medium of galaxies.
THE KEPLER CATALOG OF STELLAR FLARES
Authors: Davenport James R. A. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
A homogeneous search for stellar flares has been performed using every available Kepler light curve. An iterative light curve de-trending approach was used to filter out both astrophysical and systematic variability to detect flares. The flare recovery completeness has also been computed throughout each light curve using artificial flare injection tests, and the tools for this work have been made publicly available. The final sample contains 851,168 candidate flare events recovered above the 68% completeness threshold, which were detected from 4041 stars, or 1.9% of the stars in the Kepler database. The average flare energy detected is ∼1035 erg. The net fraction of flare stars increases with g − i color, or decreasing stellar mass. For stars in this sample with previously measured rotation periods, the total relative flare luminosity is compared to the Rossby number. A tentative detection of flare activity saturation for low-mass stars with rapid rotation below a Rossby number of ∼0.03 is found. A power-law decay in flare activity with Rossby number is found with a slope of −1, shallower than typical measurements for X-ray activity decay with Rossby number.
The London Workshop on the Biogeography and Connectivity of the Clarion-Clipperton Zone
Authors: Glover Adrian , Dahlgren Thomas , Taboada Sergio , Paterson Gordon , Wiklund Helena , Waeschenbach Andrea , Cobley Amber , Martínez Pedro , Kaiser Stefanie , Schnurr Sarah , Khodami Sahar , Raschka Uwe , Kersken Daniel , Stuckas Heiko , Menot Lenaick , Bonifacio Paulo , Vanreusel Ann , Macheriotou Lara , Cunha Marina , Hilário Ana , Rodrigues Clara , Colaço Ana , Ribeiro Pedro , Błażewicz Magdalena , Gooday Andrew , Jones Daniel , Billett David , Goineau Aurélie , Amon Diva , Smith Craig , Patel Tasnim , McQuaid Kirsty , Spickermann Ralph , Brager Stefan 
Published: September 2016

Recent years have seen a rapid increase in survey and sampling expeditions to the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) abyssal plain, a vast area of the central Pacific that is currently being actively explored for deep-sea minerals (ISA, 2016). Critical to the development of evidence-based environmental policy in the CCZ are data on the biogeography and connectivity of species at a CCZ-regional level.
The London Workshop on the Biogeography and Connectivity of the CCZ was convened to support the integration and synthesis of data from European Union (EU) CCZ projects, supported by the EU Managing Impacts of Deep-Sea Resource Exploitation (MIDAS) and EU Joint Programming Initiative Healthy and Productive Seas and Oceans (JPI Oceans) projects. The London Workshop had three clear goals: (1) To explore, review and synthesise the latest molecular biogeography and connectivity data from across recent CCZ cruises from both contractor and academia-funded projects; (2) To develop complementary and collaborative institutional and program-based academic publication plans to avoid duplication of effort and ensure maximum collaborative impact; (3) To plan a joint synthetic data publication highlighting key results from a range of planned molecular biogeography/connectivity publications. 32 participants attended the workshop at the Natural History Museum in London from 10-12 May 2016. Presentations and discussions are summarised in this report covering (1) overviews of current CCZ environmental projects, (2) policy and industry perspectives, (3) synthesis of DNA taxonomy and biogeography studies, (4) summaries of the latest population genetic studies, (5) summaries of the latest broader morphological context, (6) an overview of publication and proposal plans to maximise collaborative opportunities and finally a series of workshop recommendations.