bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of socioeconomic status with prognosis in hypertensive patients over age 65: a cohort study in the community setting
Authors: Martin-Fernandez Jesus , Alonso-Safont Tamara , Gestri-Mora Patricia Elena , Polentinos-Castro Elena , Rodríguez-Martínez Gemma , Bilbao Amaia , del Cura-Gonzalez Mª Isabel 
Published: September 2024

Objective
To examine whether socioeconomic status is associated with prognosis after the diagnosis of hypertension (HTN), in a population older than 65 years, in the community setting.

Design
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting
All the primary care centres of the Community of Madrid (n=392).

Participants
All patients (>65 years) with a new diagnosis of HTN in 2007–08, without previous kidney or cardiovascular (K/CV) events (n=21 754).
Patient records from primary care electronic health records and Spanish mortality database were analysed from January 2007 through December 2018. Sociodemographic data such as age, gender, Area Deprivation Index (MEDEA—Mortalidad en áreas pequeñas Españolas y Desigualdades Socioeconómicas y Ambientales—Index in quintiles), and characteristics, such as smoking, type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia, were collected at the time of enrolment.

Primary and secondary outcome measures
The occurrence of K/CV events (including mortality from these causes) and total mortality were evaluated using Cox regression.

Results
Patients had a mean age of 73.5 (SD 6.5) years, and 63.5% were women. The median follow-up was 128.7 months (IQR: 110.6–136.7 months). There were 10 648 first K/CV events, including 1508 deaths from these causes and 4273 deaths from other causes. Adjusted for age, gender, smoking, diabetes and hypercholesterolaemia, when comparing the third, fourth and last quintiles (less affluent) of the Deprivation Index with respect to the first quintile, the hazard of K/CV events increased by 14.8% (95% CI: 3.3 to 27.6%), 16.0% (95% CI: 6.4 to 26.4%) and 19.1% (95% CI: 8.9 to 30.2%), respectively. The MEDEA Index was not associated with differences in adjusted total mortality.

Conclusion
Living in a low socioeconomic status area is associated with an increase in kidney or cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients diagnosed after age 65 years, which will result in a significant increase in disease burden even if not related to an increase in total mortality.
An improved description of charm fragmentation data
Authors: Cacciari Matteo , Ghira Andrea , Marzani Simone , Ridolfi Giovanni 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe consider the fragmentation of heavy quarks into heavy-flavoured hadrons, specifically the production of charmed mesons in $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

collisions, at different centre-of-mass energies. We focus our attention on the ratio of moments of the $$D^{*+}$$

D

∗
+

energy spectrum measured by ALEPH and CLEO. This ratio is believed to provide us with a direct test of perturbative QCD evolution because hadronisation effects should cancel between the numerator and denominator. However, state-of-the-art calculations based on standard (final-state) collinear factorisation fail to describe the experimental data. We show that this discrepancy is considerably reduced if heavy-quark threshold effects are accounted for not only in DGLAP evolution, as it is usually done, but also in the resummed coefficient functions.
Investigating the timelike Compton scattering in photon–proton interactions at the EIC
Authors: Xie Ya-Ping , Gonçalves V. P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInformation about the three-dimensional description of the quark and gluon content of hadrons, described by the generalized parton distributions (GPDs), can be probed by exclusive processes in electron–proton (ep) collisions. In this letter, we investigate the timelike Compton scattering (TCS) in ep collisions at the future electron-ion collider (EIC). Such process is characterized by the exclusive dilepton production through the subprocess $$\gamma p \rightarrow \gamma ^*p \rightarrow l^+ l^- p$$

γ
p
→

γ
∗

p
→

l
+

l
-

p

, with the real photon in the initial state being emitted by the incoming electron. Assuming a given model for the GPDs, the TCS differential cross-section is estimated, as well the contribution associated to the interference between the TCS and Bethe–Heitler (BH) amplitudes. Predictions for the TCS, BH and interference contributions are presented considering the kinematical range expected to be covered by the EIC detectors. Moreover, the polarized photon asymmetry is also studied. Our results indicated that a future experimental analysis, considering photon circular polarizations, can be useful to probe the interference contribution and constrain the description of the GPDs for the proton.
Catalysis and decontamination: a versatile tool in the safe and sustainable degradation of chemical warfare agents
Authors: Econdi Stefano , Caselli Alessandro , Marchesi Stefano , Carniato Fabio , Bisio Chiara , Guidotti Matteo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDecontamination is a critical and enabling capability to mitigate and, in the best cases, neutralize the threat of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) to human health and the environment. Well-established conventional decontamination methods will be described and compared to more recent approaches based on catalytic degradation, in the presence of nanostructured catalysts or enzymatic systems, photochemical and photocatalytic abatement and active adsorption on high-performance innovative porous solid materials.
Graphical abstract
Termination and Universal Termination Problems for Nondeterministic Quantum Programs
Authors: Xu Ming , Fu Jianling , Jiang Hui , Deng Yuxin , Li Zhi-Bin 
Published: September 2024

Verifying quantum programs has attracted a lot of interest in recent years. In this article, we consider the following two categories of termination problems of quantum programs with nondeterminism, namely:

(1)
(termination) Is an input of a program terminating with probability one under all schedulers? If not, how can a scheduler be synthesized to evidence the nontermination?

(2)
(universal termination) Are all inputs terminating with probability one under their respective schedulers? If yes, a further question asks whether there is a scheduler that forces all inputs to be terminating with probability one together with how to synthesize it; otherwise, how can an input be provided to refute the universal termination?

For the effective verification of the first category, we over-approximate the reachable set of quantum program states by the reachable subspace, whose algebraic structure is a linear space. On the other hand, we study the set of divergent states from which the program terminates with probability zero under
some
scheduler. The divergent set also has an explicit algebraic structure. Exploiting these explicit algebraic structures, we address the decision problem by a necessary and sufficient condition, i.e., the disjointness of the reachable subspace and the divergent set. Furthermore, the scheduler synthesis is completed in exponential time, whose bottleneck lies in computing the divergent set reported for the first time.

For the second category, we reduce the decision problem to the existence of an invariant subspace, from which the program terminates with probability zero under
all
schedulers. The invariant subspace is characterized by linear equations and thus can be efficiently computed. The states on that invariant subspace are evidence of the nontermination. Furthermore, the scheduler synthesis is completed by seeking a pattern of finite schedulers that forces all inputs to be terminating with positive probability. The repetition of that pattern yields the desired universal scheduler that forces all inputs to be terminating with probability one. All the problems in the second category are shown, also for the first time, to be solved in polynomial time. Finally, we demonstrate the aforementioned methods via a running example—the quantum Bernoulli factory protocol.
Fat Mass and Obesity‐Related (FTO) Gene Variant Is a Predictor of CVD in T2DM Patients
Authors: Hussain Mazhar , Waheed Akbar , Elahi Asim , Mustafa Ghulam 
Published: September 2024

Background: The role of the common FTO gene variant rs9939609 in obesity has been well established, and the FTO gene has a strong association with T2DM.Objective: To investigate the association of FTO gene variant rs9939609 with obesity‐related parameters in T2DM and CVD patients.Materials and Methods: In this cross‐sectional study, 280 subjects of either sex aged 45.10 ± 9.6 years were randomly divided into four groups, that is, T2DM, T2DM with CVD, nondiabetic with CVD disease, and normal control. These samples were genotyped by ARMS‐PCR. The FTO gene association with obesity‐related parameters in T2DM and CVD patients was analyzed by SPSS 22.Results: The TT genotype was the most common genotype (46.80%) in our study groups. The minor allele frequency (MAF) was significantly higher in T2DM patients (0.39 vs. 0.28), T2DM patients with CVD (0.43 vs. 0.28), and nondiabetic patients with CVD (0.35 vs. 0.28) as compared to control with p < 0.005. Carriers of the AA genotype of the FTO gene rs9939609 were significantly associated with increased BMI, WC, HbA1C, SBP, DBP, and TGs and lowered HDL cholesterol as compared to the TA and TT genotypes in T2DM and CVD patients with p < 0.005. The FTO gene variant rs9939609 showed a significant association with T2DM and CVD. The AA genotype odds ratio (OR) in T2DM was 1.48 (1.06–2.32), p = 0.006, and in CVD, it was 1.56 (1.04–2.4), p = 0.003.Conclusion: The FTO gene variant rs9939609 has a strong association with T2DM and CVD. The AA genotype of FTO gene variants rs9939609 showed a strong association with most of the risk factors of CVD and T2DM.
Serial Changes in Ventricular Strain in Symptomatic Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Treated With Mavacamten: Insights From the VALOR-HCM Trial
Authors: Desai Milind Y. , Okushi Yuichiro , Gaballa Andrew , Wang Qiuqing , Geske Jeffrey B. , Owens Anjali T. , Saberi Sara , Wang Andrew , Cremer Paul C. , Sherrid Mark , Lakdawala Neal K. , Tower-Rader Albree , Fermin David , Naidu Srihari S. , Lampl Kathy L. , Sehnert Amy J. , Nissen Steven E. , Popovic Zoran B. , Desai M. , Masri A. , Zenker M. , Stendahl J. , Wheeler M. , Bach R. , Orford J. , Rader F. , Bajona P. , Desai M. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
In severely symptomatic patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, VALOR-HCM (A Study to Evaluate Mavacamten in Adults With Symptomatic Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Who Are Eligible for Septal Reduction Therapy) demonstrated that mavacamten reduces the need for septal reduction therapy with sustained improvement in left ventricular (LV) outflow tract gradients and symptoms. Global longitudinal strain (GLS), a measure of regional myocardial function, is a more sensitive marker of systolic function. In VALOR-HCM, we assessed serial changes in LV and right ventricular (RV) strain.

METHODS:
VALOR-HCM included 112 patients with symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (mean, 60 years; 51% male; LV ejection fraction, 68%). Patients assigned to mavacamten at baseline continued the drug for 56 weeks (n=56) and those assigned to placebo (n=52) transitioned to mavacamten from weeks 16 to 56 (40-week exposure). LV-GLS and RV-GLS assessment was performed using a vendor-neutral software. Non-foreshortened apical (4-, 3-, and 2-chamber) views were used to obtain peak LV-GLS. RV focused 4-chamber view was used to calculate RV 4-chamber and free wall strain. A more negative strain value is favorable.

RESULTS:

At baseline, the mean LV-GLS, RV 4-chamber, and free wall strain values were −14.7%, −22.2%, and −16.8%, respectively (all worse than reported normal means). In the total study sample, LV-GLS significantly improved from baseline to week 56 (
P
=0.02). Twelve patients had transient reduction in LV ejection fraction (<50%) requiring temporary drug interruption (including 3 permanent discontinuations). The LV-GLS in this subgroup was worse at baseline versus total study population (−11.4%), with no significant worsening from baseline through week 56 (
P
=0.64). Both free wall and 4-chamber RV-GLS remained unchanged from baseline to week 56 (
P
=0.62 and
P
=0.56, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:
In VALOR-HCM, treatment with mavacamten improved LV-GLS from baseline through week 56 (with no significant worsening of LV-GLS in patients with a reduction in LV ejection fraction ≤50%), suggesting a favorable long-term impact on regional LV systolic function. Additionally, there was no detrimental impact on RV systolic function.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04349072.
Exploring depression, PTSD, insomnia, and fibromyalgia symptoms in women exposed to Gaza war news: A community-based study from Jordan
Authors: Alsous Mervat , Al. Muhaissen Batoul , Massad Talal , Sayaheen Bilal , Alnasser Tariq , Al-Smadi Ahmed , Al-Zeghoul Reham , Abo Al Rob Osama , Aljabali Alaa A.A. , Gammoh Omar 
Published: September 2024

Background: The circulating violent news about the war on Gaza is believed to impact the mental health status of people globally especially in Jordan, the closest country to Palestine. Also, women are more vulnerable to mental distress. Aims: This study investigates the prevalence and correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, insomnia, and fibromyalgia among Jordanian females exposed to the Gaza war news. Method: In a comprehensive cross-sectional inquiry, we applied validated scales to assess the severity of PTSD, depression, insomnia, and fibromyalgia symptoms in a dataset comprising 1,044 females. Results: The findings revealed that 32.3% exhibited severe PTSD symptoms, 53.4% had severe depressive symptoms, 48.2% reported severe insomnia, and 17.2% were diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Exploring demographic factors, the study established statistically significant correlations ( p < .05) between the evaluated symptoms and various variables. Notably, individuals of Palestinian nationality, employed as teachers or housewives, those using over-the-counter analgesics for fibromyalgia, and those with chronic diseases exhibited elevated prevalence rates of the investigated conditions. Conclusions: This pioneering study, the first of its kind, delves into the acute psychiatric repercussions of the October 7th conflict on Jordanian females. The alarming prevalence of severe symptoms underscores the urgent need for timely psychiatric intervention.
Psychometric Properties of the Korean Version of the Revised Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale for Bereaved Adults
Authors: Jo Ahran , Lee Dong Hun , Kim Ye Jin , Prigerson Holly G. 
Published: September 2024

This study aims to validate the Korean version of the Revised Prolonged Grief Disorder scale (PG-13-R-K) by exploring the psychometric properties of the revised Prolonged Grief Disorder scale in bereaved South Korean adults. A total of 694 bereaved individuals who had experienced the loss of a close person for a duration ranging from 12 to 24 months were included in this study and randomly divided into two separate datasets to conduct factor analyses. The results of both EFA and CFA revealed a single-factor structure for the PG-13-R-K. Moreover, the results of reliability and validity tests showed adequate internal consistency and concurrent validity. These findings suggest that the PG-13-R-K is a reliable and valid tool for assessing PGD symptoms among bereaved Korean adults. The limitations and implications of this study are thoroughly examined and discussed.
A Comparison of Throwing Arm Kinetics and Ball Velocity in High School Pitchers With Overall Fast and Overall Slow Cumulative Joint and Segment Velocities
Authors: Manzi Joseph E. , Dowling Brittany , Wang Zhaorui , Sudah Suleiman Y. , Dowling Brockton A. , Wishman Mark , McElheny Kathryn , Ruzbarsky Joseph J. , Erickson Brandon J. , Ciccotti Michael C. , Ciccotti Michael G. , Dines Joshua S. 
Published: September 2024

Background: Individual maximum joint and segment angular velocities have shown positive associations with throwing arm kinetics and ball velocity in baseball pitchers. Purpose: To observe how cumulative maximum joint and segment angular velocities, irrespective of sequence, affect ball velocity and throwing arm kinetics in high school pitchers. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: High school (n = 55) pitchers threw 8 to 12 fastball pitches while being evaluated with 3-dimensional motion capture (480 Hz). Maximum joint and segment angular velocities (lead knee extension, pelvis rotation, trunk rotation, shoulder internal rotation, and forearm pronation) were calculated for each pitcher. Pitchers were classified as overall fast, overall slow, or high velocity for each joint or segment velocity subcategory, or as population, with any pitcher eligible to be included in multiple subcategories. Kinematic and kinetic parameters were compared among the various subgroups using t tests with post hoc regressions and multivariable regression models created to predict throwing arm kinetics and ball velocity, respectively. Results: The lead knee extension and pelvis rotation velocity subgroups achieved significantly higher normalized elbow varus torque ( P = .016) and elbow flexion torque ( P = .018) compared with population, with equivalent ball velocity ( P = .118). For every 1-SD increase in maximum pelvis rotation velocity (87 deg/s), the normalized elbow distractive force increased by 4.7% body weight (BW) ( B = 0.054; β = 0.290; P = .013). The overall fast group was older (mean ± standard deviation, 16.9 ± 1.4 vs 15.4 ± 0.9 years; P = .007), had 8.9-mph faster ball velocity (32.7 ± 3.1 vs 28.7 ± 2.3 m/s; P = .002), and had significantly higher shoulder internal rotation torque (63.1 ± 17.4 vs 43.6 ± 12.0 Nm; P = .005), elbow varus torque (61.8 ± 16.4 vs 41.6 ± 11.4 Nm; P = .002), and elbow flexion torque (46.4 ± 12.0 vs 29.5 ± 6.8 Nm; P < .001) compared with the overall slow group. A multiregression model for ball velocity based on maximum joint and segment angular velocities and anthropometrics predicted 53.0% of variance. Conclusion: High school pitchers with higher maximum joint and segment velocities, irrespective of sequence, demonstrated older age and faster ball velocity at the cost of increased throwing shoulder and elbow kinetics. Clinical Relevance: Pitchers and coaching staff should consider this trade-off between faster ball velocity and increasing throwing arm kinetics, an established risk factor for elbow injury.
Lyme Disease and Papilledema: A Retrospective Study on Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes
Authors: Vithayathil Joseph , Virupakshaiah Akash , Liu Geraldine , Swami Sanjeev K. , Avery Robert A. , Liu Grant T. , McGuire Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2024

Objective Describe the clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcome data of children with papilledema associated with Lyme disease at a large tertiary care pediatric hospital. Methods Retrospective cohort study of children 1-18 years old who received care at our institution between 1995 and 2019 with concurrent diagnoses of papilledema and Lyme disease. Data were abstracted from records and prospective family surveys. Results Among 44 children included (median age 9.7 years), 66% (29/44) had additional cranial neuropathies, and 78% (32/41) had cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. All children were treated with antibiotics (39% oral, 55% intravenous, 7% both); 61% (27/44) were also treated with oral acetazolamide. Symptoms fully resolved in 86% (30/35) of children with follow-up data. Proportion recovered did not significantly differ by antibiotic administration route or presence/absence of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. Conclusions Papilledema in Lyme disease may occur with or without cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. Most children recover without residual deficits following treatment, although exceptions exist.
Cervical precancer and invasive cancer among women living with HIV in Latin America: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fernández-Deaza Ginna , Negrete-Tobar Gabriela , Caicedo María , Téllez Nicolás , Mello Maeve B , Ghidinelli Massimo , Nuche-Berenguer Bernardo , Murillo Raúl 
Published: September 2024

Background Data on the occurrence of cervical precancer and cancer among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in Latin American countries (LAC) are scarce and highly heterogeneous. Methods We conducted a systematic review summarizing data about the incidence/prevalence of invasive cervical cancer (CC) and high-grade precancerous lesions among WLHIV in LAC. Literature in PubMed and LILACS was searched. The primary outcome was invasive cancer incidence, and prevalence of high-grade lesions as key indicators for the WHO CC elimination strategy. Individual reports on invasive cancer incidence and prevalence of precancerous lesions were obtained, and a random effects meta-analysis was conducted for the latter. Results In total, 34,343 WLHIV from four studies reporting CC incidence in seven LAC were included, and 6079 WLHIV from 17 studies reporting prevalence of precancerous lesions in three LAC were included. CC incidence ranged between 136.0 and 398.4 per 100,000 WLHIV (with or without antiretroviral therapy). The weighted prevalence of high-grade lesions was 4.1% (95%CI: 3.8%–6.0%) with a double peak at ages 20–24 and 35–39 years. Differences in prevalence of high-grade lesions were also observed by screening approach: co-testing (11.9%), colposcopy (6.0%), cytology (4.2%), and HPV tests (3.2%). Conclusions The high incidence of invasive cancer and prevalence of high-grade lesions underline challenges to reach the WHO’s elimination goal of CC incidence below four per 100,000 among WLHIV. Moreover, the high prevalence of high-grade lesions at younger ages than in the general population is a call to accelerate the implementation of the new WHO screening recommendations in WLHIV.
A Retrospective Study on the Clinical Characteristics and Computed Tomography, Biochemical, and Blood Parameters of Duodenal Papillary Diseases
Authors: Wang Ning , Wei Wenyan , Qu Xianguo , Fang Jinyan , Mo Weixing , Li Qinghai 
Published: September 2024

Objective This study was conducted to investigate the imaging information, laboratory data, and clinical characteristics of duodenal papillary malignancies, aiming to contribute to the early diagnosis of these diseases. Methods The clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and computed tomography (CT) findings of 17 patients with adenoma of the major duodenal papilla (the adenoma group) and 58 patients with cancer of the major duodenal papilla (the cancer group) were retrospectively analyzed. The measurement data were analyzed using t test and expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The counting data were analyzed using the χ2 test and expressed in n (%). Pearson correlation analysis was also conducted, and a scatter plot was drawn. Results There were significant differences in the diameter, shape, margin, and target sign of the major duodenal papilla, pancreatic duct diameter, common bile duct diameter, enhancement uniformity, fever, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, and jaundice between the adenoma group and the cancer group ( P < .01). The enhancement magnitude of the duodenal papilla was correlated with the lesion size, and the venous phase CT value of the enhanced scan was correlated with the duodenal papilla diameter ( P < .05). Additionally, 12 patients in the cancer group suffered from malignant transformation of adenomas. Conclusion Firstly, CT is of high value in the diagnosis of duodenal papilla diseases. Secondly, the enhancement magnitude of the duodenal papilla is correlated with the lesion size. Thirdly, patients with duodenal papilla adenomas have a risk of progression into adenocarcinoma, thereby requiring close follow-up.