bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Food Group Books for Three‐ and Four‐Year‐Old Children
Authors: Barnes Jessica L. , Warren Cynthia A. 
Published: March 2017

Food preferences can be established in young children and these food preferences could extend into adulthood. This article is about MyPlate Food Group Books which are five nonfiction books. Each book covers one food group. The books were developed with input from 4‐year‐old children, preschool educators, and specialists in nutrition education and child development. The books were tested for acceptance and potential for behavior change with a small group of 3‐year‐old children. After the books were read once a day for 2 weeks by teachers, the authors tested the effect of book exposure on food consumption by measuring aggregate plate waste. Although changes in food consumption behaviors were not observed, the teachers indicated changes in the preschooler's attitudes toward trying new foods. Positive attitudes toward new foods could result in increased familiarity and eventually changes in food behavior.
Controls on Methane Occurrences in Aquifers Overlying the Eagle Ford Shale Play, South Texas
Authors: Nicot Jean‐Philippe , Larson Toti , Darvari Roxana , Mickler Patrick , Uhlman Kristine , Costley Ruth 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAssessing natural vs. anthropogenic sources of methane in drinking water aquifers is a critical issue in areas of shale oil and gas production. The objective of this study was to determine controls on methane occurrences in aquifers in the Eagle Ford Shale play footprint. A total of 110 water wells were tested for dissolved light alkanes, isotopes of methane, and major ions, mostly in the eastern section of the play. Multiple aquifers were sampled with approximately 47 samples from the Carrizo‐Wilcox Aquifer (250‐1200 m depth range) and Queen City‐Sparta Aquifer (150‐900 m depth range) and 63 samples from other shallow aquifers but mostly from the Catahoula Formation (depth <150 m). Besides three shallow wells with unambiguously microbial methane, only deeper wells show significant dissolved methane (22 samples >1 mg/L, 10 samples >10 mg/L). No dissolved methane samples exhibit thermogenic characteristics that would link them unequivocally to oil and gas sourced from the Eagle Ford Shale. In particular, the well water samples contain very little or no ethane and propane (C1/C2+C3 molar ratio >453), unlike what would be expected in an oil province, but they also display relatively heavier δ13Cmethane (>−55‰) and δDmethane (>−180‰). Samples from the deeper Carrizo and Queen City aquifers are consistent with microbial methane sourced from syndepositional organic matter mixed with thermogenic methane input, most likely originating from deeper oil reservoirs and migrating through fault zones. Active oxidation of methane pushes δ13Cmethane and δDmethane toward heavier values, whereas the thermogenic gas component is enriched with methane owing to a long migration path resulting in a higher C1/C2+C3 ratio than in the local reservoirs.
Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of liver cirrhosis patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Authors: Yang Danhong , Xie Yuanjun , Pan Hongying , Huang Yicheng , Dai Yining , Tong Yongxi , Chen Meijuan 
Published: March 2017

AimOur objective is to study the clinical characteristics of cirrhosis patients with SIRS and investigate its prognostic factors.MethodsWe analyzed 285 consecutive patients and their data were evaluated retrospectively. Data were compared in patients with/without SIRS during hospitalization. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were undertaken separately for cirrhotic patients with SIRS to assess predictive factors for 90‐day mortality.ResultsThe mortality was 38.24% (52/136) in patients with SIRS and 6.04% (9/149) in patients without SIRS for 90‐day follow‐up (P < 0.001). The univariate analysis showed gastrointestinal hemorrhage (P < 0.001), hepatic encephalopathy (P < 0.001), albumin <30 g/L (P < 0.037), creatinine (Cr) >175 µmol/L (P < 0.001), cholinesterase(ChE) activity <3000 U/L (P = 0.019), white blood cell count ≥10 000 (109/L) (P = 0.018), neutrophils ≥80% (P = 0.018), C‐reactive protein (CRP) ≥25 mg/L (P < 0.001), procalcitonin ≥1.0 ng/mL (P = 0.007), Child–Pugh class C (P < 0.001), septicemia (P < 0.001), pulmonary infection (P < 0.001),multi‐site infection (P = 0.001), acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) (P < 0.001), and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, only Cr ≥175 µmol/L (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.768; confidence interval [CI], 1.53–5.04; P = 0.001), C‐reactive protein ≥25 mg/L (HR = 3.179; CI, 1.772–7.03; P = 0.004), multi‐site infection (HR = 19.427; CI, 7.484–50.431; P < 0.001), ACLF (HR = 7.308; CI, 3.048–17.521; P < 0.001), advanced HCC (HR = 2.523; CI, 1.019–6.248; P = 0.045) were independent predictors of 90‐day mortality in cirrhotic patients with SIRS.ConclusionCr ≥ 175 µmol/L, CRP ≥ 25 mg/L, multi‐site infection, ACLF, and advanced HCC independently predicted a higher rate of 90‐day mortality in liver cirrhosis with SIRS
Education, Skills, and Wage Gaps in Canada and the United States
Authors: Smith William C. , Fernandez Frank 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe analyse data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies to reveal that immigrants in Canada and the United States make over $200 less per month than native‐born workers. In the United States, immigrants disproportionately work in low‐wage occupations, leading to large mean national differences between immigrants and native workers. The wage differential disappears after accounting for education and cognitive skills, indicating policies must focus on reducing education and skill gaps in the United States. In Canada, an immigrant wage gap persists in nearly all occupational fields, suggesting that the better skilled and educated immigrants in Canada are not receiving the same wage premium as native workers. We close with implications for policy and future research.
The Pointing–Vocal Coupling Progression in the First Half of the Second Year of Life
Authors: Aureli Tiziana , Spinelli Maria , Fasolo Mirco , Garito Maria Concetta , Perucchini Paola , D'Odorico Laura 
Published: March 2017

This study investigated the development of the pointing–vocal coupling system. We were interested in the infants’ behavior to attune prosody with pointing intentions. Twenty‐five children were involved at 12, 15, and 18 months of age in an experimental procedure devised to elicit imperative and declarative pointing. Pointing, vocality associated with pointing, and the prosody of that vocality were analyzed. A significant increase in the coupling of pointing and vocality was observed from 12 to 15 months, and in the ability to differentiate prosody with respect to the intention of the gesture from 15 to 18 months. Also, the infants who pointed declaratively at 12 months were likely to couple declarative pointing with vocality at 15 months, and the infants who coupled at 15 months were likely to differentiate prosody by the pointing intention at 18 months. Results suggest that the match between prosody and pointing intentions emerges gradually during the first half of the second year of life. They also show a relationship between earlier and later pointing–vocal coupling, and a role for declarative communication in promoting that progression. Overall, our study supports the view of intentional communication as a time‐based and context‐based developmental process.
Large electrocaloric responses in [Bi1/2(Na,K)1/2]TiO3‐based ceramics with giant electro‐strains
Authors: Fan Zhongming , Liu Xiaoming , Tan Xiaoli 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe electrocaloric effect (ECE) is investigated through indirect measurement in two lead‐free [Bi1/2(Na,K)1/2]TiO3‐based ceramics that were previously reported to display giant electro‐strains. In the Nb‐doped ceramic, denoted as BNKT‐2.5Nb, a decent temperature change of ΔT=1.85 K and an electrocaloric responsivity of ΔT/ΔE=0.37 (10−6Km V−1) are found around room temperature (32°C). While in the Ta‐doped ceramic, BNKT‐1.5Ta, a wide operation temperature range (Tspan ~55 K) is observed near room temperature. Additional electrical measurements, as well as transmission electron microscopy experiments, are performed to identify the mechanisms of the ECE in both ceramics.
Controlling Shareholders’ Incentive and Corporate Tax Avoidance: A Natural Experiment in China
Authors: Li Oliver Zhen , Liu Hang , Ni Chenkai 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe split share structure reform removes a significant market friction in China's capital market by allowing previously non‐tradable shares to be freely tradable at market prices. Such a reform reduces the agency conflict between controlling shareholders and minority shareholders as the former now care more about stock prices. We find that state‐owned firms, but not non‐state‐owned firms, significantly increased their tax avoidance activities after the reform. We attribute this differential effect to the dual role of the government as state‐owned firms’ controlling shareholder as well as the tax claimant. Further, this effect is more pronounced for state‐owned firms that are more likely to be influenced by the government prior to the reform. Finally, the reform reinforces a positive association between tax avoidance and firm value. Overall, our study suggests that when controlling shareholders are more concerned about stock prices, state‐owned firms engage more in tax avoidance activities to enhance firm value.
Temporal Trends Over a Decade of Defibrillator Therapy for Primary Prevention in Community Practice
Authors: BOVEDA SERGE , NARAYANAN KUMAR , JACOB SOPHIE , PROVIDENCIA RUI , ALGALARRONDO VINCENT , BOUZEMAN ABDESLAM , BEGANTON FRANKIE , DEFAYE PASCAL , PERIER MARIE‐CÉCILE , SADOUL NICOLAS , PIOT OLIVIER , KLUG DIDIER , GRAS DANIEL , FAUCHIER LAURENT , BORDACHAR PIERRE , BABUTY DOMINIQUE , DEHARO JEAN‐CLAUDE , LECLERCQ CHRISTOPHE , MARIJON ELOI ,   on Behalf of the DAI‐PP Investigators
Published: March 2017

Temporal Trends Over a Decade of Defibrillator TherapyBackgroundTechnology and clinical practice surrounding the use of the primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) are in a state of constant evolution. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis of significant temporal trends in characteristics and outcomes over a decade of ICD therapy.MethodsBetween 2002 and 2012, 5,539 consecutive patients (age 62.5 ± 11 years, 84.9% male), with ischemic or nonischemic cardiomyopathy, implanted with a primary prevention ICD from 12 centers in France were included. Information on characteristics and outcomes (including causes of death) were evaluated over a median follow‐up of 994 days (466‐1,667).ResultsIn addition to a shift in the type of devices implanted with a significant increase in cardiac resynchronization therapy‐defibrillator (CRT‐D) over time (43.6 to 60.4%, P = 0.0001), an increase in mean age (from 61.5 ± 11.6 to 63.2 ± 10.9 years, P = 0.0016), proportion of nonischemic cardiomyopathy (31.0 to 44.7%, P <0.0001) and women recipients (11.4 to 15.8%, P = 0.004) was observed. A total of 1,181 patients (22.3%) received ≥1 appropriate therapy, inappropriate therapies occurred in 355 patients (6.7%) and 826 patients (15.2%) died, mainly from cardiovascular causes (49.3%). Annual mortality incidence (5.4% to 4.3%, P = 0.05), as well as incidence of appropriate therapy (10.4% to 7.1%, P = 0.0004), significantly decreased over the decade. By contrast, incidence of ICD‐related late (>30 days after implant) complications significantly increased (4.6 to 7.6%, P = 0.003).ConclusionOur findings demonstrate significant changes in patterns of use and outcomes in primary prevention ICD over the last decade with reductions in mortality and appropriate therapies, counterbalanced by an increase in complications.
Lower prevalence of chronic itch in haemodialysis patients on loop diuretics: results from GEHIS (German Epidemiological Hemodialysis Itch Study)
Authors: Hayani K. , Kunzmann K. , Mettang T. , Weiss M. , Tschulena U. , Weisshaar E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundChronic itch (CI) is a very tormenting symptom in haemodialysis (HD) patients. GEHIS (German Epidemiological Hemodialysis Itch Study) is a representative cross‐sectional study showing that current chronic itch (CI) affects 25.2% of haemodialysis (HD) patients.ObjectiveWe investigated drug intake and possible associations between CI and medications of HD patients.MethodsEight hundred and sixty HD patients from a randomly selected cluster sample of 25 dialysis units (GEHIS) in Germany were investigated. Statistical analyses were performed using R (version 3.3.0) for Windows. Logistic regression was used to identify influential covariates for prevalence of chronic itch and intensity of itch.ResultsTaking loop diuretics (furosemide, torasemide) was significantly negatively associated with the occurrence of CI in HD patients meaning that those who had received any type of loop diuretics were significantly less likely to suffer from less CI compared to those who had not taken them. There were no associations of CI with other medications. No correlation was detected between the intensity of itch and the intake of loop diuretics or any other medication.ConclusionLoop diuretics may have an impact on the development of CI in HD patients. As it is most likely that a multifactorial origin may explain CI in HD, future research should also focus on the role of loop diuretics in CI, both on a clinical as well as on a molecular level.
A fluorescence‐based assay for in vitro screening of Saprolegnia inhibitors
Authors: Ali S E , Skaar I 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe incidence of fish pathogenic oomycetes, Saprolegnia, has increased significantly in aquaculture since the ban of malachite green. For the efficient characterization of anti‐Saprolegnia therapeutics, simple accurate methods are required. However, the current screening methods are limited by time, and none of them are confirming the viability of treated spores or hyphae. In this study, a modified fluorescence‐based assay for the in vitro screening of Saprolegnia inhibitors has been developed. This method involves the use of FUN‐1 viability dye combined with calcofluor white M2R, and is based on the formation of orange‐red cylindrical intravacuolar structures (CIVS) in metabolically active spores, hyphae and biofilms. Heat‐killed and bronopol‐treated Saprolegnia spores, hyphae and biofilms exhibited diffuse bright green fluorescence which confirms complete loss of viability. For boric acid‐treated spores, no germination was observed. However, tiny CIVS were observed in 50% of treated spores which indicated reduction in their viability. Our results proved that FUN‐1 dye is an efficient tool to distinguish between live and dead Saprolegnia spores, hyphae and biofilms and to monitor the change in Saprolegnia viability during qualitative evaluation of potential anti‐Saprolegnia compounds.
Cascading Resilience: Leverage Points in Promoting Parent and Child Well‐Being
Authors: Doty Jennifer L. , Davis Laurel , Arditti Joyce A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhile negative cascades have been well studied, little has been written on the promotion of upward spirals. We propose a conceptual model that situates parenting interventions as a leverage point in promoting positive cascades. We integrate broaden‐and‐build theory and social capital theory into the model to explain micro‐ and macro‐level patterns of change in longitudinal prevention studies, acknowledging that when socioeconomic resources are scarce, investment in parenting may be challenging. Parenting prevention programs provide evidence of improvements in effective parenting behaviors, promote increased confidence and a belief in parenting abilities, and over time may activate positive cascades that affect other domains in parents' lives, such as health and peer support. Resulting positive emotions are hypothesized to broaden coping and build long‐term resources that promote resilience. Social resources may then spill over to benefit individual, family, and community systems. Research methods for testing developmental cascades and practical applications are also considered.
Toward Estimating Displaced Primary Production from Recycling: A Case Study of U.S. Aluminum
Authors: Zink Trevor , Geyer Roland , Startz Richard 
Published: March 2017

SummaryRecycling materials from end‐of‐life products has the potential to create environmental benefit by displacing more harmful primary material production. However, displacement is governed by market forces and is not guaranteed; if full displacement does not occur, the environmental benefits of recycling are reduced or eliminated. Therefore, quantifying the true “displacement rate” caused by recycling is essential to accurately assess environmental benefits and make optimal environmental management decisions. Our 2016 article proposed a market‐based methodology to estimate actual displacement rates following an increase in recycling or reuse. The current article demonstrates the operation, utility, and challenges of that methodology in the context of the U.S. aluminum industry. Sensitivity analyses reveal that displacement estimates are sensitive to uncertainty in price elasticities. Results suggest that 100% displacement is unlikely immediately following a sustained supply‐driven increase in aluminum recycling and even less likely in the long term. However, zero and even negative displacement are possible. A variant of the model revealed that demand‐driven increases in recycling are less likely than supply‐driven changes to result in full displacement. However, model limitations exist and challenges arose in the estimation process, the effects of which are discussed. We suggest implications for environmental assessment, present lessons learned from applying the estimation methodology, and highlight the need for further research in the market dynamics of recycling.
The Influence of Social Capital on Nurse‐Perceived Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation in South Korea
Authors: Shin Ji In , Lee Eunjoo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurposeTo examine the relationship between evidence‐based practice (EBP) adoption and social capital in nurses and to determine how social capital affected EBP adoption in South Korea.DesignA cross‐sectional, correlational design was used.MethodsIn total, 432 registered nurses from two university‐affiliated teaching hospitals in South Korea completed the questionnaire, which included demographic items, the Developing Evidence‐Based Practice Questionnaire, and the Social Capital Outcomes for Nurses scale. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression to identify the predictors of EBP adoption.FindingsNurses with higher social capital scores reported fewer perceived barriers to finding and reviewing evidence, and changing practice. Higher social capital scores were associated with higher levels of perceived facilitators of EBP adoption and skills appraisal in finding and reviewing evidence. Social capital was a significant predictor of EBP adoption.ConclusionsNurses with greater opportunities to exchange and communicate their ideas freely are more likely to accept new evidence through diverse channels and trust‐based relationships between nurses, which allows healthcare organizations to promote innovations such as EBP adoption. Therefore, social capital in nurses could serve as a driving force for EBP adoption and should provide a healthy foundation for changes in patient care practices.Clinical RelevanceNurses with higher social capital are tending to adopt EBP willingly. High trust enables nurses to facilitate and support change in practice. Therefore, to improve EBP adoption in patient care, it needs to be monitored that relationships between nurses are carefully structured and that they foster mutual interaction.
Adaptation and validation of the Evidence‐Based Practice Belief and Implementation scales for French‐speaking Swiss nurses and allied healthcare providers
Authors: Verloo Henk , Desmedt Mario , Morin Diane 
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate two psychometric properties of the French versions of the Evidence‐Based Practice Beliefs and Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation scales, namely their internal consistency and construct validity.BackgroundThe Evidence‐Based Practice Beliefs and Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation scales developed by Melnyk et al. are recognised as valid, reliable instruments in English. However, no psychometric validation for their French versions existed.DesignSecondary analysis of a cross sectional survey.MethodsSource data came from a cross‐sectional descriptive study sample of 382 nurses and other allied healthcare providers. Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate internal consistency, and principal axis factor analysis and varimax rotation were computed to determine construct validity.ResultsThe French Evidence‐Based Practice Beliefs and Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation scales showed excellent reliability, with Cronbach's alphas close to the scores established by Melnyk et al.'s original versions. Principal axis factor analysis showed medium‐to‐high factor loading scores without obtaining collinearity. Principal axis factor analysis with varimax rotation of the 16‐item Evidence‐Based Practice Beliefs scale resulted in a four‐factor loading structure. Principal axis factor analysis with varimax rotation of the 17‐item Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation scale revealed a two‐factor loading structure. Further research should attempt to understand why the French Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation scale showed a two‐factor loading structure but Melnyk et al.'s original has only one.ConclusionThe French versions of the Evidence‐Based Practice Beliefs and Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation scales can both be considered valid and reliable instruments for measuring Evidence‐Based Practice beliefs and implementation.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results suggest that the French Evidence‐Based Practice Beliefs and Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation scales are valid and reliable and can therefore be used to evaluate the effectiveness of organisational strategies aimed at increasing professionals’ confidence in Evidence‐Based Practice, supporting its use and implementation.