bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic Profiling of Exosomes Secreted by Breast Cancer Cells with Varying Metastatic Potential
Authors: Gangoda Lahiru , Liem Michael , Ang Ching‐Seng , Keerthikumar Shivakumar , Adda Christopher G. , Parker Belinda S. , Mathivanan Suresh 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCancer cells actively release extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, into the surrounding microenvironment. Exosomes play pleiotropic roles in cancer progression and metastasis, including invasion, angiogenesis, and immune modulation. However, the proteome profile of exosomes isolated from cells with different metastatic potential and the role of these exosomes in driving metastasis remains unclear. Here, we conduct a comparative proteomic analysis of exosomes isolated from several genetically related mouse breast tumor lines with different metastatic propensity. The amount of exosomes produced and the extent of cancer‐associated protein cargo vary significantly between nonmetastatic and metastatic cell‐derived exosomes. Metastatic cell‐derived exosomes contain proteins that promote migration, proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis while the nonmetastatic cell‐derived exosomes contain proteins involved in cell–cell/cell–matrix adhesion and polarity maintenance. The metastatic exosomes contain a distinct set of membrane proteins including Ceruloplasmin and Metadherin which could presumably aid in targeting the primary cancer cells to specific metastatic sites. Hence, it can be concluded that the exosomes contain different protein cargo based on the host cells metastatic properties and can facilitate in the dissemination of the primary tumors to distant sites.
Optoeletronic properties of poly(N‐alkenyl‐carbazole)s driven by polymer stereoregularity
Authors: Botta Antonio , Costabile Chiara , Venditto Vincenzo , Pragliola Stefania , Liguori Rosalba , Rubino Alfredo , Alberga Domenico , Savarese Marika , Adamo Carlo 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTStereoregular polymers like isotactic poly(N‐butenyl‐carbazole) (i‐PBK), isotactic and syndiotactic poly(N‐pentenyl‐carbazole) (i‐PPK and s‐PPK), and poly(N‐hexenyl‐carbazole) (i‐PHK and s‐PHK) are synthesized using the stereospecific homogeneous “single site” Ziegler‐Natta (Z‐N) catalysts: rac‐dimethylsilylbis(1‐indenyl)zirconium dichloride (1)/methylaluminoxane (MAO) and diphenylmethylidene(cyclopentadienyl)‐(9‐fluorenyl)zirconium dichloride (2)/MAO. Catalytic activity is rationalized by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. All synthesized polymers are fully characterized by NMR, thermal, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. Fluorescence measurements on isotactic and syndiotactic polymer films indicate that all polymers give rise to excimers, both “sandwich‐like” and “partially overlapping.” Excimer formation is essentially driven by the polymer tacticity. Isotactic polymers generate both sandwich‐like and partially overlapping excimers, while syndiotactic polymers give rise especially to partially overlapping ones. A theoretical combined molecular dynamics–time dependent DFT approach is also used to support the experimental results. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 242–251
Thermal shrinkage of electrospun PVP nanofibers
Authors: Elishav Oren , Beilin Vadim , Rozent Ofer , Shter Gennady E. , Grader Gideon S. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper outlines the shrinkage of electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) fiber mats during thermal treatment. The thermal behavior and phase changes within the fibers were investigated by DSC and TGA/DTA. Five precursors with different PVP loading in ethanol were electrospun. The mats shrinkage as function of temperature was measured in the RT–200 °C range. Shrinkage rate drastically increased above the polymer glass transition point,Tg(150–180 °C), due to increase in polymer chain mobility. Mats shrinkage at 200 °C as function of PVP concentration showed a minimum at ∼10%wt. Below 10% PVP the mats morphology is non‐uniform, consisting of beads and fibers. Above 10% PVP, only flat and uniform fibers were observed. This paper outlines the dominant mechanism governing the mats shrinkage during heating. In addition, the effect of PVP concentration on the expansion of fibers diameter was investigated and found to be consistent with the linear shrinkage observing a minimum at ∼10% PVP. The effect of applied voltage on mat shrinkage was investigated, and showed a minimum at 12 kV. Understanding the interplay between fibers morphology and thermal shrinkage allows precursor composition and system optimization needed for minimizing shrinkage negative effects on the structure and properties of electrospun fiber mats. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys.2018,56, 248–254
Comparing the mechanical response of di‐, tri‐, and tetra‐functional resin epoxies with reactive molecular dynamics
Authors: Radue Matthew S. , Jensen Benjamin D. , Gowtham S. , Klimek‐McDonald Danielle R. , King Julia A. , Odegard Gregory M. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTThe influence of monomer functionality on the mechanical properties of epoxies is studied using molecular dynamics (MD) with the Reax Force Field (ReaxFF). From deformation simulations, the Young's modulus, yield point, and Poisson's ratio are calculated and analyzed. Comparison between the network structures of distinct epoxies is further advanced by the monomeric degree index (MDI). Experimental validation demonstrates the MD results correctly predict the relationship in Young's moduli. Therefore, ReaxFF is confirmed to be a useful tool for studying the mechanical behavior of epoxies. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 255–264
Efficient and Fast Synthesis of Few‐Layer Black Phosphorus via Microwave‐Assisted Liquid‐Phase Exfoliation
Authors: Bat‐Erdene Munkhjargal , Batmunkh Munkhbayar , Shearer Cameron J. , Tawfik Sherif Abdulkader , Ford Michael J. , Yu LePing , Sibley Alexander J. , Slattery Ashley D. , Quinton Jamie S. , Gibson Christopher T. , Shapter Joseph G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHigh‐quality, few‐layer black‐phosphorus (BP) flakes are prepared in a common organic solvent with very short processing times using microwave‐assisted liquid‐phase exfoliation. A comprehensive range of analysis, combined with density‐functional theory calculations, confirms that the product prepared using the microwave technique is few‐layer BP with small‐ and large‐area flakes. The suspended exfoliated BP sheets show excellent stability, while samples dispersed onto silicon from the suspensions exhibit low oxidation levels after several days in ambient conditions. This straightforward synthesis method is facile, efficient, and extremely fast, and does not involve use of any surfactant or ultrasonication steps and will facilitate future development of phosphorene research.
One Classroom, One iPad, Many Stories
Authors: Fantozzi Victoria B. , Johnson Christi , Scherfen Anneliese 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEvery day, we are surrounded by stories in print, on social media, in blogs, on the radio, and in stories from our friends and family. The ways people make meaning and communicate are increasingly multimodal and digital; yet, the preschool classroom, for all its multimodal learning, is sometimes devoid of technology. In this action research project, the authors integrated an iPad into a play‐based preschool classroom to support emergent literacy and playful storytelling. The students used multimodal and multi‐actor storytelling to collaborate, navigate their places in the classroom, and connect their school experiences to their home lives.
Learning to prescribe intravenous fluids: A&nbsp;scoping review
Authors: McCrory Richard F. R. , Gormley Gerard Joseph , Maxwell Alexander Peter , Dornan Tim 
Published: November 2017

Introduction Prescribing intravenous (IV) fluid therapy is a core skill expected of qualified doctors at the point of graduation, but medical graduates often feel ill-equipped to perform this task. This lack of preparedness contributes to treatment-related patient harm. This scoping review maps the current state of published evidence about how junior doctors prescribe IV fluid therapy and learn how to do it. Methods We searched five electronic databases and grey literature from 1994 until June 2016 for articles describing any aspect of IV fluid prescribing practice or its education. A total of 63 articles were selected for analysis. Using the WHO Guide to Good Prescribing to categorize the extracted findings, our review focuses on prescribing IV fluids in adult generalist settings. Results Most articles studied IV fluid prescribing from the perspective of the doctor. Junior clinicians struggled to conceptualize IV fluid prescribing as a ‘whole task’ in authentic work settings and lacked support. Educational interventions to improve IV fluid prescribing often focused on enhancing prescriber knowledge about fluid and electrolyte balance rather than execution of the prescribing task. Conclusions Our understanding of IV fluid prescribing as a holistic integrated skill is patchy, as is its performance. Current IV fluid prescribing education appears insufficient to foster safe and effective practice. For education to achieve the ultimate goal of safer prescribing in workplaces, we need a clearer understanding of how healthcare professionals prescribe IV fluids in real world practice.
40th Anniversary Australasian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment Guest Editorial
Authors: Ewing Jan 
Published: November 2017

The Australasian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment (ASSBI) celebrated its 40th anniversary at the annual conference in Melbourne this year. The conference theme was apposite:
‘Looking Back to Look Ahead’
and we have decided that this celebratory edition of the journal should continue that theme.
DermotropicLeishmania donovaniin Sri Lanka: visceralizing potential in clinical and preclinical studies
Authors: KARIYAWASAM K. K. G. D. U. L. , SELVAPANDIYAN A. , SIRIWARDANA H. V. Y. D. , DUBE A. , KARUNANAYAKE P. , SENANAYAKE S. A. S. C. , DEY R. , GANNAVARAM S. , NAKHASI H. L. , KARUNAWEERA N. D. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThe visceralizing potential of apparently dermotropicLeishmania donovaniin Sri Lanka (L. donovani-SL) was investigated through long-term follow-up of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients andin vivoandin vitroexperimental infection models. CL patients (n= 250) treated effectively with intra-lesional antimony therapy were followed-up six monthly for 4 years. There was no clinical evidence of visceralization of infection (VL) during this period. Infection of BALB/c mice withL. donovani-SL (test) through intra-dermal route led to the development of cutaneous lesions at the site of inoculation with no signs of systemic dissemination, in contrast to the observations made in animals similarly infected with a visceralizing strain ofL. donovani-1S (control). Cytokine (IL-10, IFN-γ) release patterns of splenocytes and lymph node cell cultures derived from mice primed with experimental infections (with either test or control parasites) revealed significantly high IFN-γ response associated with test mice with CL, while prominent IL-10 levels were observed in association with control mice with VL. Furthermore, diminished infection efficiency, intracellular growth and survival ofL. donovani-SL parasites compared withL. donovani-1S were evident throughin vitromacrophage infection experiments. These studies confirm, for the first time, the essential dermotropic nature ofL. donovani-SL suggesting natural attenuation of virulence of local parasite strains.
Revisiting the Bujang Valley: A Southeast Asian entrepôt complex on the maritime trade route
Authors: MURPHY STEPHEN A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn the early 1830s and 1840s, a British colonial official by the name of Colonel James Low uncovered evidence for an early culture with Indic traits in a river system known as the Bujang Valley. On the west coast of the Thai-Malay peninsula, the Bujang Valley is today located in the Malaysian state of Kedah. However, it wasn't until just before World War II that excavations took place, conducted by H. G. Quaritch Wales and his wife Dorothy. Their discoveries and subsequent publications led to the first real attempts to explain the origins and extent of this civilisation and its place within the larger South and Southeast Asian world. In the intervening years between Quaritch Wales's excavations and the present day, considerably more research has taken place within the Bujang Valley, though this has not been without controversy. Recently claims and counter-claims regarding the antiquity of Hinduism and Buddhism at the site have arisen in some quarters within Malaysia. It therefore seems pertinent that this material be re-evaluated in light of new scholarship and discoveries as well as the prevailing paradigms of interactions between South and Southeast Asia. This paper presents an updated reading of this material and argues that the Bujang Valley should be seen as a cosmopolitan trading port with substantive evidence for the presence of Hinduism and Buddhism.
Integrated planning and the design of urban agglomeration: Bernhard Hafner's Comparative Simulation of Alternative Urban Prototypes
Authors: Gethmann Daniel 
Published: November 2017

Cybernetic simulation programs that renewed the development process of urban agglomerations began to emerge as part of a paradigm shift that took place in the 1960s. During this period, changes in urban planning evolved in the context of cybernetically-informed research methods, in which architects and systems scientists focused on the environmental control of social and cultural planning processes. As such, the urban fabric became an object of planning and regulation. These events in turn generated the need for ‘big data’ processing in architecture. Consequently, the reconfiguration of urban architectural fabric emerged as a topic of scientific operation.In this context, in 1967, the Architecture Machine Group developed ‘Urban 5’, a planning program for urban participation based on man-machine dialogue. In the late 1960s, systems scientist Jay Wright Forrester also developed ‘Urban Dynamics’, a computer simulation exploring the interdependence of urban population, housing, and industry in the urban fabric. It was in this same 1967 environment that the Austrian architect Bernhard Hafner began to work autonomously, and without any personal relation to the other two projects, on a program for the ‘Comparative Simulation of Alternative Urban Prototypes’, based on the assumption that the design of urban forms had to be accompanied by the simulation of fields of urban dispersion.
Witless slaves or lively artifacts? A debate of the 1960s
Authors: Müggenburg Jan , Pias Claus 
Published: November 2017

During late modernism, the promise of, not only vaguely, but also precisely predicting the future had acquired enormous prestige. When evoked, this predictive project lent power, legitimacy, and a cohesive identity to endeavours in almost any realm of society and culture – including the discipline of architecture. In particular, in cybernetics, seen as a means of regulating and controlling complex systems, these optimistic ideas of ‘mastering the big picture’ flourished.Under the heading of ‘Cybernetics: Circular Casual, and Feedback Mechanisms in Biological and Social Systems’, the umbrella organisation Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation hosted ten conferences on this very topic between 1946 and 1951. These events, known as the Macy Conferences, provided a forum for the collation and presentation of existing research, and in retrospect can be seen to have been the most important ‘get-together’ of their kind, judged in relation to subsequent crucial findings in the history of science after the Cold War. Based upon the theoretical framework of the terms of ‘information’, ‘feedback’, and ‘analog/digital’, they searched for that single universal theory of regulation and control – which they claimed might be applied to any species, machine, economic or psychological process, aesthetic or sociological phenomenon. As a consequence, cybernetics transformed into a tool to describe and explain methodologies not only in its own core knowledge/ research area, but became seen as a subject capable of giving answers to societal questions of any kind. In doing so, cybernetics linked new scientific-technical methods with all issues of social relevance.
Processes and practices in computational design
Authors: Bredella Nathalie , Höfler Carolin 
Published: November 2017

Every architectural design emerges from a process. The different tools and media constitutive of these processes in turn foster approaches to architecture, as well as the creation of new categories of knowledge. With the progressive development of computer-based design techniques, the contemplation of the procedural aspects of architecture becomes increasingly significant for the production and reception of architecture.It is from this perspective that this special issue sets out to examine the specific roles that processes and practices play in computer-based design by seeking to illuminate those techno-cultural contexts and historical and intellectual bonds that unite them. Which traditions and strategies, and what historical correlations among architecture, culture, and technology, have motivated and shaped the development of computer-based design processes?
The Brazilian Family Health Strategy and the management of intestinal parasitic infections
Authors: Ignacio Caroline Ferraz , de Lima Barata Martha Macedo , de Moraes Neto Antonio Henrique Almeida 
Published: November 2017

AimThis study analyzed the management of intestinal parasitic infections in the Family Health Strategy covering Brazilian urban slums.BackgroundThe Family Health Strategy is the preferred strategy for providing public, community-based primary health care in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Through this strategy, Family Health teams are responsible for the health of residents of a defined territory, including health promotion, health education and control of neglected tropical diseases such as intestinal parasitic infections.MethodsKnowledge, attitudes and practices surveys were applied with Family Health team members (n=58) and patients (n=571) of an agglomeration of Brazilian urban slums in Rio de Janeiro.FindingsThe management of intestinal parasitic infections and health promotion were limited. Health education was not considered an essential aspect of team members’ work and did not include environmental or social determinants of health. Community health workers and urban slum residents presented similar knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding intestinal parasitic infections.ConclusionsMultiple, competing demands promote prioritization of the aspects of care where curative, biomedical activities predominate over prevention and an integral approach to health. However, the complex processes involving the cycle of poverty and disease go beyond the biomedical, limiting the potential for health in urban slums. Implications include a need to better prepare health professionals for primary health care services through reflection on local concerns and the social determinants of health, highlighting the importance of territorialized care and permanent education.
Imaging the transient heat generation of individual nanostructures with a mechanoresponsive polymer
Authors: Chen Xueqin , Xia Qing , Cao Yue , Min Qianhao , Zhang Jianrong , Chen Zixuan , Chen Hong-Yuan , Zhu Jun-Jie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMeasuring the localized transient heat generation is critical for developing applications of nanomaterials in areas of photothermal therapy (PTT), drug delivery, optomechanics and biological processes engineering. However, accurate thermometry with high spatiotemporal resolution is still a challenge. Here we develop a thermosensitive polymer-capped gold nanorod (AuNRs@pNIPAAm), which has temperature-dependent local surface plasmon resonance spectra due to the submolecular conformational change of pNIPAAm molecules. We measure the conformational dynamics on individual gold nanorods at the milliseconds level by the developed spatiotemporal resolution plasmonic spectroscopy (SRPS) and find that it has a fast (<4 ms), linear and reversible mechanoresponse to temperature changes as small as 80 mK. The rapid and highly sensitive thermosensitive AuNRs@pNIPAAm opens a new way to achieve spatiotemporal thermometry for potential applications in PTT and other biological research.
Effect of titanium implants with strontium incorporation on bone apposition in animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shi Junyu , Li Yuan , Gu Yingxin , Qiao Shichong , Zhang Xiaomeng , Lai Hongchang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis systematic review aims to assess the efficacy of titanium (Ti) implant surfaces with or without strontium (Sr) incorporation on osseointegration in animal experimental studies. An electronic search was conducted using databases of PubMed and EMBASE up to November 2016 to identify studies focusing on osseointegration of strontium-modified titanium implants following PRISMA criteria. The primary outcome was the percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) around the implants with or without strontium-modified surface. Of the 1320 studies, 17 studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were finally included. A random effect meta-analysis was conducted based on BIC in 17 studies, and the results demonstrated considerable heterogeneity (I² = 79%). A sensitivity analysis found that three studies using the same surface modification method were the major source of the heterogeneity. Therefore, exploratory subgroup analysis was performed. Subgroup one including 14 studies showed a standard mean differences (SMD) of 1.42 (95% CI, 1.13–1.71) with no heterogeneity (I² = 0.0%), while subgroup two including the other three studies showed a SMD of 9.49.95% CI, 7.51–11.47) with low heterogeneity (I² = 0.1%). Sr-modified implants in both subgroups showed significantly higher BIC than unmodified implants (P < 0.01). The results showed a statistically significant effect of Sr-modified titanium implant surfaces on osseointegration and bone apposition in animal models.
Functional characterization of the Ucp1-associated oxidative phenotype of human epicardial adipose tissue
Authors: Chechi Kanta , Voisine Pierre , Mathieu Patrick , Laplante Mathieu , Bonnet Sébastian , Picard Frédéric , Joubert Philippe , Richard Denis 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBrown fat presence and metabolic activity has been associated with lower body mass index, higher insulin sensitivity and better cardiometabolic profile in humans. We, and others, have previously reported the presence of Ucp1, a marker of brown adipocytes, in human epicardial adipose tissue (eAT). Characterization of the metabolic activity and associated physiological relevance of Ucp1 within eAT, however, is still awaited. Here, we validate the presence of Ucp1 within human eAT and its ‘beige’ nature. Using in-vitro analytical approaches, we further characterize its thermogenic potential and demonstrate that human eAT is capable of undergoing enhanced uncoupling respiration upon stimulation. Direct biopsy gene expression analysis reveals a negative association between thermogenic markers and oxidative stress-related genes in this depot. Consistently, isoproterenol (Iso) stimulation of eAT leads to a downregulation of secreted proteins included in the GO terms ‘cell redox homeostasis’ and ‘protein folding’. In addition, cardiac endothelial cells exhibit a downregulation in the expression of adhesion markers upon treatment with Iso-stimulated eAT derived conditioned media. Overall, these observations suggest that Ucp1- associated metabolic activity plays a significant role in local tissue homeostasis within eAT and can plausibly alter its communication with neighboring cells of the cardiovascular system.