bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ministry of women among early Calvinistic Baptists
Authors: Birch Ian 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAlthough there is considerable documentation of women preachers during the English Civil War period and the Interregnum, it is clear that such activities were not encouraged among English Calvinistic Baptists, and most especially among Particular Baptists. Yet there was a tension in even the most restrictive Baptist teaching on this subject. For since Baptists had opened the door to congregational participation in the public ministry of the church, they were faced with the problem of partially closing that door in order to restrict the ministry of women to that ofdiakonia, and good works. Nevertheless, a small number of women have been identified as both prophets and Particular Baptists, and the nature and context of their ministry illustrates the role of women in early Baptist communities.
Gender and Refugee Integration: a Quantitative Analysis of Integration and Social Policy Outcomes
Authors: CHEUNG SIN YI , PHILLIMORE JENNY 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe population of refugees in the UK is expanding and will expand further given the UK Government's response to the European refugee crisis. This paper breaks new ground by undertaking a gender analysis of integration outcomes across a range of areas, namely social networks, language proficiency, health, education, employment and housing, that are highly relevant for social policy. Using the UK's only longitudinal survey on refugees, we conduct secondary data analysis to examine the factors associated with integration outcomes. We find significant gender differences in language, self-reported health, ability to budget for household expenses and access to formal social networks and quality housing, with women generally faring worse than men and some inequalities enduring or intensifying over time. We call for the recording of refugee outcomes in institutional monitoring data to enable inequalities to be identified and addressed. The findings also enable the identification of social policy areas in which a gender sensitive approach might be necessary.
Solved paradoxes and old hats? The research needed on differentiated selves
Authors: Dar-Nimrod Ilan , Gonsalkorale Karen 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe idea that differentiated selves almost always improve group outcomes is overly simplistic. We argue that it is essential to distinguish between two distinct elements of differentiated selves – identifiability and specialization – and to identify conditions under which they influence group outcomes. Adopting a group-by-situation perspective, in which group and situation variables are considered jointly, is recommended to generate novel hypotheses.
Differentiation of selves: Differentiating a fuzzy concept
Authors: Mojzisch Andreas , Schultze Thomas , Hüffmeier Joachim , Schulz-Hardt Stefan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractNotwithstanding the appeal of the “one size fits all” approach that Baumeister et al. propose, we argue that there is no panacea for improving group performance. The concept of “differentiation of selves” constitutes an umbrella term for similar seeming but actually different constructs. Even the same type of “differentiation of selves” can be beneficial for some and harmful for other tasks.
Disputing deindividuation: Why negative group behaviours derive from group norms, not group immersion
Authors: Reicher Stephen David , Spears Russell , Postmes Tom , Kende Anna 
Published: November 2016

AbstractStrong social identity does not lead to lack of accountability and “bad” behavior in groups and crowds but rather causes group behavior to be driven by group norms. The solution to problematic group behavior is therefore not to individualize the group but rather to change group norms, as underlined by the relational dynamics widely studied in the SIDE tradition.
Differentiated selves can surely be good for the group, but let's get clear about why
Authors: Talaifar Sanaz , Swann William B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe applaud the goal of reconciling the self and group literatures and agree that a differentiated self may sometimes improve group outcomes. Nevertheless, greater precision regarding the underlying mechanisms is needed. Specifically, differentiated selves improve outcomes by overriding selfishness when they allow for personal regulation (being personally recognized and valued) rather than social regulation (specialization of labor).
Roles and ranks: The importance of hierarchy for group functioning
Authors: Zlatev Julian J. , Halevy Nir , Tiedens Larissa Z. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBaumeister et al. propose that role differentiation is critical for group functioning. We propose that effective groups require rank differentiation in addition to role differentiation. We suggest that rank differentiation supports division of labor by incentivizing group members, satisfying fundamental human needs, and organizing and integrating the contributions of differentiated group members.
The development and testing of the dementia friendly communities environment assessment tool (DFC EAT)
Authors: Fleming Richard , Bennett Kirsty , Preece Terri , Phillipson Lyn 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBackground:There is a growing recognition of the need to make the built environment in towns and cities more enabling for people with dementia. This study reports the development of a reliable tool to assess the support provided to people with dementia by public and commercial buildings such as council offices, supermarkets, banks, and medical centers as they approach, use, and leave them.Methods:A three-step process was carried out to develop and establish the reliability of the tool: (1) a review of principles and available tools informed the development and modification of an environmental audit tool of proven utility, (2) the draft tool was subjected to an iterative process of evaluation by a team of people with expertise in design and town planning, people with dementia and their carers, (3) inter-rater reliability and internal consistency were assessed on a sample of 60 public and commercial buildings.Results:The review of available tools led to the drafting of a tool that was refined through iterative, experience-based evaluation resulting in a tool that has high inter-rater reliability and internal validity. The data gathered enabled a sample of banks, libraries, shops, medical facilities, supermarkets and council offices to be compared.Conclusions:The new tool aids the collection of reliable information on the strengths and weaknesses of public and commercial buildings. This information is likely to be of use in the refurbishment of these buildings to improve their support of people with dementia as they use them in their daily life.
Overlapping Political Conflicts and Legislative Gridlock: Reforming Financial Supervisory Governance in South Korea
Authors: HEO INHYE 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLiterature discussing the factors in government and parliament that cause of gridlock is limited in examining cases that occur in contexts where the democratic principle of ‘inclusion’ expands. This paper analyzes the legislative gridlock revealed in the process of the South Korean government's efforts to pass the Bill of Financial Consumer Protection, beginning in July 2012, from the perspective of overlapping political conflicts among multi-scalar actors. Research shows that the government's desire to reform financial supervisory governance created two cleavages among the multi-scalar actors because of their long-held political interest in the Bill. The conflict intensified as the cleavages overlapped and were presented as one big issue in the history of Korea's financial supervision, which directly facilitated the gridlock. This paper identifies academic implications to advance the study of gridlock and its policy implications, including the need to develop an inter-scalar mediator, which has negative effects on the quality of democracy.
Written Type and Token Frequency Measures of Fifty Spanish Derivational Morphemes
Authors: Lázaro Miguel , Acha Joana , Illera Víctor , Sainz Javier S. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSeveral databases of written language exist in Spanish that manage important information on the lexical and sublexical characteristics of words. However, there is no database with information on the productivity and frequency of use of derivational suffixes: sublexical units with an essential role in the formation of orthographic representations and lexical access. This work examines these two measures, known as type and token frequencies, for a series of 50 derivational suffixes and their corresponding orthographic endings. Derivational suffixes are differentiated from orthographic endings by eliminating pseudoaffixed words from the list of orthographic endings (cerveza[beer] is a simple word despite its ending in -eza). We provide separate data for child and adult populations, using two databases commonly accessed by psycholinguists conducting research in Spanish. We describe the filtering process used to obtain descriptive data that will provide information for future research on token and type frequencies of morphemes. This database is an important development for researchers focusing on the role of morphology in lexical acquisition and access.
Aldo-keto reductases are biomarkers of NRF2 activity and are co-ordinately overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: MacLeod A Kenneth , Acosta-Jimenez Lourdes , Coates Philip J , McMahon Michael , Carey Frank A , Honda Tadashi , Henderson Colin J , Wolf C Roland 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background:
Although the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway is one of the most frequently dysregulated in cancer, it is not clear whether mutational status is a good predictor of NRF2 activity. Here we utilise four members of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily as biomarkers to address this question.

Methods:
Twenty-three cell lines of diverse origin and NRF2-pathway mutational status were used to determine the relationship between AKR expression and NRF2 activity. AKR expression was evaluated in lung cancer biopsies and Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Oncomine data sets.

Results:
AKRs were expressed at a high basal level in cell lines carrying mutations in the NRF2 pathway. In non-mutant cell lines, co-ordinate induction of AKRs was consistently observed following activation of NRF2. Immunohistochemical analysis of lung tumour biopsies and interrogation of TCGA data revealed that AKRs are enriched in both squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and adenocarcinomas that contain somatic alterations in the NRF2 pathway but, in the case of SCC, AKRs were also enriched in most other tumours.

Conclusions:
An AKR biomarker panel can be used to determine NRF2 status in tumours. Hyperactivation of the NRF2 pathway is far more prevalent in lung SCC than previously predicted by genomic analyses.
The HECT domain ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 targets unassembled soluble proteins for degradation
Authors: Xu Yue , Anderson D Eric , Ye Yihong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn eukaryotes, many proteins function in multi-subunit complexes that require proper assembly. To maintain complex stoichiometry, cells use the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation system to degrade unassembled membrane subunits, but how unassembled soluble proteins are eliminated is undefined. Here we show that degradation of unassembled soluble proteins (referred to as unassembled soluble protein degradation, USPD) requires the ubiquitin selective chaperone p97, its co-factor nuclear protein localization protein 4 (Npl4), and the proteasome. At the ubiquitin ligase level, the previously identified protein quality control ligase UBR1 (ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 1) and the related enzymes only process a subset of unassembled soluble proteins. We identify the homologous to the E6-AP carboxyl terminus (homologous to the E6-AP carboxyl terminus) domain-containing protein HUWE1 as a ubiquitin ligase for substrates bearing unshielded, hydrophobic segments. We used a stable isotope labeling with amino acids-based proteomic approach to identify endogenous HUWE1 substrates. Interestingly, many HUWE1 substrates form multi-protein complexes that function in the nucleus although HUWE1 itself is cytoplasmically localized. Inhibition of nuclear entry enhances HUWE1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation, suggesting that USPD occurs primarily in the cytoplasm. Altogether, these findings establish a new branch of the cytosolic protein quality control network, which removes surplus polypeptides to control protein homeostasis and nuclear complex assembly.
Membrane vesicles in sea water: heterogeneous DNA content and implications for viral abundance estimates
Authors: Biller Steven J , McDaniel Lauren D , Breitbart Mya , Rogers Everett , Paul John H , Chisholm Sallie W 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Diverse microbes release membrane-bound extracellular vesicles from their outer surfaces into the surrounding environment. Vesicles are found in numerous habitats including the oceans, where they likely have a variety of functional roles in microbial ecosystems. Extracellular vesicles are known to contain a range of biomolecules including DNA, but the frequency with which DNA is packaged in vesicles is unknown. Here, we examine the quantity and distribution of DNA associated with vesicles released from five different bacteria. The average quantity of double-stranded DNA and size distribution of DNA fragments released within vesicles varies among different taxa. Although some vesicles contain sufficient DNA to be visible following staining with the SYBR fluorescent DNA dyes typically used to enumerate viruses, this represents only a small proportion (&lt;0.01–1%) of vesicles. Thus DNA is packaged heterogeneously within vesicle populations, and it appears that vesicles are likely to be a minor component of SYBR-visible particles in natural sea water compared with viruses. Consistent with this hypothesis, chloroform treatment of coastal and offshore seawater samples reveals that vesicles increase epifluorescence-based particle (viral) counts by less than an order of magnitude and their impact is variable in space and time.
Catch me if you can: dispersal and foraging ofBdellovibrio bacteriovorus109J along mycelia
Authors: Otto Sally , Bruni Estelle P , Harms Hauke , Wick Lukas Y 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTo cope with heterogeneous environments and resource distributions, filamentous fungi have evolved a spatially extensive growth enabling their hyphae to penetrate air–water interfaces and pass through air-filled pores. Such mycelia are also known to act as dispersal networks for the mobilisation of bacteria (‘fungal highways’) and connection of microbial microhabitats. Hitherto, however, nothing is known about the effect of mycelia-based dispersal on interactions between bacterial predators and their prey and concomitant effects on biomass formation. We here hypothesise that mycelia enable the contact between predators and their prey and shape a prey’s population. We investigated the impact of predation by Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J on the growth of its potential prey Pseudomonas fluorescens LP6a in the presence of mycelia. Our data give evidence that hyphae increase the accessibility of the prey to B. bacteriovorus 109J and, hence, allow for efficient foraging and shaping of prey populations not seen in the absence of mycelia. To test our hypothesis tailored microbial landscapes were used for better reduction of emerging properties in complex systems. Our data suggest that mycelia have substantial influence on prey–predator relationship and hereby may promote the structure of prey and predator populations and, hence, may be a determinant for biomass formation in heterogeneous environments.
Promotion of behavior and neuronal function by reactive oxygen species in C. elegans
Authors: Li Guang , Gong Jianke , Lei Haoyun , Liu Jianfeng , Xu X. Z. Shawn 
Published: November 2016

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known to elicit a plethora of detrimental effects on cellular functions by causing damages to proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Neurons are particularly vulnerable to ROS, and nearly all forms of neurodegenerative diseases are associated with oxidative stress. Here, we report the surprising finding that exposing C. elegans to low doses of H2O2 promotes, rather than compromises, sensory behavior and the function of sensory neurons such as ASH. This beneficial effect of H2O2 is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved peroxiredoxin-p38/MAPK signaling cascade. We further show that p38/MAPK signals to AKT and the TRPV channel OSM-9, a sensory channel in ASH neurons. AKT phosphorylates OSM-9, and such phosphorylation is required for H2O2-induced potentiation of sensory behavior and ASH neuron function. Our results uncover a beneficial effect of ROS on neurons, revealing unexpected complexity of the action of oxidative stressors in the nervous system.
Biological function of a polysaccharide degrading enzyme in the periplasm
Authors: Wang Yajie , Moradali M. Fata , Goudarztalejerdi Ali , Sims Ian M. , Rehm Bernd H. A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCarbohydrate polymers are industrially and medically important. For instance, a polysaccharide, alginate (from seaweed), is widely used in food, textile and pharmaceutical industries. Certain bacteria also produce alginate through membrane spanning multi-protein complexes. Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model organism, we investigated the biological function of an alginate degrading enzyme, AlgL, in alginate production and biofilm formation. We showed that AlgL negatively impacts alginate production through its enzymatic activity. We also demonstrated that deletion of AlgL does not interfere with polymer length control, epimerization degree or stability of the biosynthesis complex, arguing that AlgL is a free periplasmic protein dispensable for alginate production. This was further supported by our protein-stability and interaction experiments. Interestingly, over-production of AlgL interfered with polymer length control, suggesting that AlgL could be loosely associated with the biosynthesis complex. In addition, chromosomal expression of algL enhanced alginate O-acetylation; both attachment and dispersal stages of the bacterial biofilm lifecycle were sensitive to the level of O-acetylation. Since this modification also protects the pathogen against host defences and enhances other virulence factors, chromosomal expression of algL could be important for the pathogenicity of this organism. Overall, this work improves our understanding of bacterial alginate production and provides new knowledge for alginate production and disease control.
Nesfatin-1 promotes brown adipocyte phenotype
Authors: Wang Yuexin , Li Ziru , Zhang Xinyu , Xiang Xinxin , Li Yin , Mulholland Michael W. , Zhang Weizhen 
Published: November 2016

AbstractNesfatin-1, an 82 amino acid gastric peptide, is involved in regulation of food uptake and in multiple metabolic activities. Whether nesfatin-1 modulates the differentiation and lipid metabolism of brown adipocytes remains unknown. In the present study, we found that nesfatin-1 mRNA and protein were detectable in isolated brown adipocytes and gradually decreased during differentiation (95% CI 0.6057 to 1.034, p = 0.0001). The decrease in nesfatin-1 was associated with a significant reduction in p-S6. Exposure to nesfatin-1 promoted differentiation of brown adipocytes as revealed by a significant increase in UCP1 mRNA (p = 0.03) and lipolysis-related ATGL mRNA (p = 0.04). Nesfatin-1 attenuated phosphorylation of S6K and S6 during brown adipocyte differentiation. Activation of mTOR by leucine or deletion of TSC1 decreased expression of brown adipocyte-related genes UCP1, UCP3, PGC1α and PRDM16, as well as COX8B and ATP5B. Both leucine and TSC1 deletion blocked nesfatin-1-induced up-regulation of UCP1, PGC1α, COX8B and ATP5B in differentiated brown adipocytes. In conclusion, nesfatin-1 promotes the differentiation of brown adipocytes likely through the mTOR dependent mechanism.
Transcriptome analysis uncovers key regulatory and metabolic aspects of soybean embryonic axes during germination
Authors: Bellieny-Rabelo Daniel , de Oliveira Eduardo Alves Gamosa , Ribeiro Elane da Silva , Costa Evenilton Pessoa , Oliveira Antônia Elenir Amâncio , Venancio Thiago Motta 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSoybean (Glycine max) is a major legume crop worldwide, providing a critical source of protein and oil. The release of the soybean genome fuelled several transcriptome projects comprising multiple developmental stages and environmental conditions. Nevertheless, the global transcriptional patterns of embryonic axes during germination remain unknown. Here we report the analysis of ~1.58 billion RNA-Seq reads from soybean embryonic axes at five germination stages. Our results support the early activation of processes that are critical for germination, such as glycolysis, Krebs cycle and cell wall remodelling. Strikingly, only 3 hours after imbibition there is a preferential up-regulation of protein kinases and transcription factors, particularly from the LOB domain family, implying that transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation play major roles early after imbibition. Lipid mobilization and glyoxylate pathways are also transcriptionally active in the embryonic axes, indicating that the local catabolism of oil reserves in the embryonic axes contributes to energy production during germination. We also present evidence supporting abscisic acid inactivation and the up-regulation of gibberellin, ethylene and brassinosteroid pathways. Further, there is a remarkable differential activation of paralogous genes in these hormone signalling pathways. Taken together, our results provide insights on the regulation and biochemistry of soybean germination.
Observations on the long-lived Mossbauer effects of 93mNb
Authors: Cheng Yao , Yang Shi-Hui , Lan Michael , Lee Chih-Hao 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSeveral observations of the Nb long-lived Mossbauer phenomena are presented, in consequence of an irradiation increased by an order of magnitude compared with previous work. These are 1) two β decays of182Ta and92mNb are enhanced, i.e.,182Ta is now 200 times faster than in previous results while92mNb is twice as fast as normal; 2) γs emitted from two β decays compete to eject electrons in a winner-takes-all rule, rather than by superposition; 3) abrupt spectral changes reveal three decay phases of182Ta; 4) the biphoton γγ of93mNb is released from the sample for the first time; 5) the γγ distribution is narrow, in contrast to the broad γγ spectrum obtained from independent nuclei; 6) Nb K-lines super-radiate along the long sample axis; 7) collective scattering of multipolar MeV γs. The manipulation of nuclear decay speeds demonstrated here highlights a potential application of this work in cleaning up the nuclear wastes.