bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of depressive disorders in professional drivers – epidemiologic subanalysis of the RACER study.
Authors: Platek Anna , Szymanski Filip , Filipiak Krzysztof , Ozieranski Krzysztof , Kotkowski Marcin , Tyminska Agata , Kowalik Robert , Karpinski Grzegorz , Opolski Grzegorz , Steering Committee and Investigators RACER 
Published: September 2016

CelKierowcy zawodowi transportu publicznego są jedną z grup narażonych na ciężkie warunki pracy. Celem pracy było ustalenie częstości występowania depresji oraz związanego z pracą stresu w grupie zawodowych kierowców transportu publicznego stanowiących subpopulację badania RACER (Risk of Adverse Cardiovascular Events among professional dRivers in Poland – development of specific cardiovascular preventive program).MetodaProspektywne badanie RACER obejmuje kolejnych kierowców zawodowych i ma na celu ustalenie częstości występowania czynników ryzyka sercowo-naczyniowego w tej grupie. Kierowców, poproszono o wypełnienie BDI-II. Wszystkich spytano także o narażenie na stres w pracy.WynikiSpośród badanej populacji wyselekcjonowano kierowców autobusów. Do analizy włączono 292 kolejnych kierowców autobusów transportu publicznego oraz autokarów jeżdżących na trasach międzynarodowych. (96.6% stanowili mężczyźni, średni wiek wyniósł 48,2±10,7 lat). Zgodnie ze stosowanymi obecnie kryteriami BDI-II kierowców podzielono na grupę z i bez objawów. Objawy depresyjne rozpoznano u 5,8% badanych. Nie obserwowano różnic pomiędzy grupami w kwestii wieku i wskaźnika masy ciała(p>0,05). Badane osoby poproszono także o odpowiedź na pytanie „Czy uważa Pan/Pani, że jego/jej praca jest stresująca?” Odpowiedzi „tak” udzieliło 205(70,2%) badanych. Nie zaobserwowano istotnej różnicy w częstości występowania objawów depresji pomiędzy kierowcami, którzy określali swoją pracę jako stresującą lub nie, ani pomiędzy kierowcami międzynarodowych autokarów i autobusów miejskich.WnioskiW grupie kierowców zawodowych częstość występowania objawów depresyjnych oraz związanego z pracą stresu jest stosunkowo wysoka. Nie istnieją kliniczne czynniki predykcyjne pozwalające przewidzieć, którzy kierowcy zagrożeni są podwyższonym ryzykiem rozwoju zaburzeń depresyjnych. W zestawieniu z podwyższonym ryzykiem sercowo-naczyniowym związanym z występowaniem depresji, uzasadnia to konieczność wykonywania rutynowych, przesiewowych badań psychologicznych u kierowców zawodowych.
The effectiveness of metacognitive training for patients with schizophrenia: a narrative systematic review of studies published between 2009 and 2015
Authors: Pankowski Daniel , Kowalski Joachim , Gawęda Łukasz 
Published: September 2016

CelCelem tego artykułu jest dokonanie przeglądu wyników badań skuteczności treningu metapoznawczego (metacognitive training – MCT) u pacjentów z rozpoznaniem schizofrenii w redukcji objawów psychotycznych i zniekształceń poznawczych. Analizie poddano również inne zmienne takie jak funkcjonowanie społeczne, wgląd w objawy choroby i funkcjonowanie neuropoznawcze.MetodaPrzeszukiwano bazy PubMed, EBSCO, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials oraz PsycINFO w celu identyfikacji publikacji dotyczących treningu MCT . W przeglądzie uwzględniono łącznie 14 badań opublikowanych w latach 2009-2015, w których istniała możliwość porównania między grupą MCT i grupą kontrolną.WynikiŁączna liczba pacjentów w grupie MCT wyniosła 354 osoby, zaś w grupie kontrolnej 355. Największa siłę efektu uzyskano dla redukcji nasilenia urojeń (d <0,23;1>). Szczególnie wyraźna jest redukcja w zakresie pewności co do urojeń i zmniejszenie dystresu związanego z urojeniami. Siła efektu dla objawów negatywnych była niewielka. Zauważono wysoką siłę efektu dla poprawy wglądu klinicznego (d <0,45;1,32>). MCT pozytywnie wpływa na zniekształcenia poznawcze (d <0,21;0,83>) (szczególnie przeskok do konkluzji). Zauważono poprawę niektórych aspektów funkcji poznawczych (d <0,2;0,63>). Nie zauważono istotnej poprawy funkcjonowania społecznego pacjentów w grupie MCT. Badania podłużne z randomizacją wskazują, iż poprawa objawowa utrzymuje się co najmniej 6 miesięcy.WnioskiMCT jest skuteczną formą oddziaływań w zakresie redukcji urojeń, zniekształceń poznawczych związanych ze schizofrenią oraz poprawy wglądu klinicznego. Relatywnie łatwa dostępność oraz trwałość efektów wskazuje, iż MCT może być efektywnie wykorzystywany w terapii schizofrenii. Dla poprawy skuteczności, szczególnie w zakresie funkcjonowania ogólnego, pomocne może być łączenie MCT z innymi formami oddziaływań.
Family association study of Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 gene polymorphisms in schizophrenia
Authors: Kapelski Paweł , Skibińska Maria , Maciukiewicz Małgorzata , Zaremba Dorota , Jasiak Maria , Hauser Joanna 
Published: September 2016

Cel pracySchizofrenia jest poważną chorobą psychiczną z chronicznymi objawami i znaczącym upośledzeniem funkcjonowania psychospołecznego. Postuluje się rolę zaburzeń immunologicznych w etiopatologii schizofrenii. Wskaźniki zapalne są dobrze znanymi etiologicznymi czynnikami zaburzeń psychicznych, w tym schizofrenii. Podjęto wiele badań nad możliwym wpływem leków przeciwpsychotycznych na procesy zapalne i neurogenezy. Dodatkowo badano wspomagające leczenie przeciwzapalne jako opcję leczenia schizofrenii. Szlaki sygnałowe aktywowane przez czynnik wzrostu transformujący beta1 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 - TGFB1) są kluczowe dla wielu procesów biologicznych, między innymi proliferacji, różnicowania i regeneracji. Wiele czynników należących do nadrodziny białek TGFB1 odgrywa rolę w rozwoju układu nerwowego i jest regulowana przez aktywność neuronalną. Przeprowadziliśmy badanie metodą rodzinną, aby ocenić czy gen TGFB1 jest związany z podatnością na zachorowanie na schizofrenię w populacji polskiej.MetodaPrzeprowadzono analizę dwóch funkcjonalnych polimorfizmów: rs1800469 (C-509T) oraz rs1800470 (T869C) genu TGFB1 w grupie 147 trio (pacjent z diagnozą schizofrenii i jego zdrowi rodzice) przy użyciu testu Transmission Disequilibrium Test (TDT).WynikiNie stwierdziliśmy asocjacji powyższych polimorfizmów ze schizofrenią w populacji polskiej.WnioskiWskazane są dalsze badania asocjacyjne na większych liczebnie grupach pacjentów poszerzone o korelację z poziomami białek.
Ilizarov tibial lengthening in the skeletally immature patient
Authors: Donnan L. T. , Gomes B. , Donnan A. , Harris C. , Torode† I. , Heidt C. 
Published: September 2016

AimsWe wished to examine the effectiveness of tibial lengthening using a two ring Ilizarov frame in skeletally immature patients. This is a potentially biomechanically unstable construct which risks the loss of axial control.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of 24 boys and 26 girls, with a mean age of 8.6 years (4 to 14), who underwent 52 tibial lengthening procedures with a mean follow-up of 4.3 years (4.0 to 16.9). Tibial alignment was measured before and after treatment using joint orientation lines from the knee and a calculation of the oblique plane axis.ResultsThe mean percentage length gain was 20% (13 to 31) with a mean bone-healing index (BHI) of 34 days per centimetre (20 to 54). Age at surgery and location of the osteotomy site showed a strong relationship as the location of the osteotomy migrated more proximally with age. However, no significant correlation was found between BHI and the position of the osteotomy. The coronal and sagittal joint orientation of the lengthened tibias were within the normal range in 67% and 92% of cases, respectively. The oblique plane angulation calculation revealed a statistically significant change pre- to post-operatively in both magnitude (p < 0.05) and direction (p < 0.01), but without clinical consequence. The majority of complications were minor (n = 40 in 27 patients; 1.48 complications per segment lengthened) with no residual disability reported.ConclusionTwo-ring tibial lengthening is effective in maintaining segmental alignment, efficient in callous production and relatively comfortable for the patient with few significant complications. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1276–82.
A comparison of anterior screw fixation and halo immobilisation of type II odontoid fractures in elderly patients at increased risk from anaesthesia
Authors: Joestl J. , Lang N. , Bukaty A. , Platzer P. 
Published: September 2016

Aims We performed a retrospective, comparative study of elderly patients with an increased risk from anaesthesia who had undergone either anterior screw fixation (ASF) or halo vest immobilisation (HVI) for a type II odontoid fracture. Patients and Methods A total of 80 patients aged 65 years or more who had undergone either ASF or HVI for a type II odontoid fracture between 1988 and 2013 were reviewed. There were 47 women and 33 men with a mean age of 73 (65 to 96; standard deviation 7). All had an American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 2 or more. Results Patients who underwent ASF had a significantly better outcome than those who were treated by HVI. There was a rate of nonunion of 10% after ASF and 23% after HVI. Failure of reduction or fixation occurred in 11 patients (15%) but there was no significant difference between the two groups. Mortality rates were also similar: 9% (n = 3) after ASF and 8% (n = 4) after HVI. Conclusion We conclude that ASF is the preferred method of treatment in this group of elderly patients, having a significantly higher rate of fusion, better clinical outcome and a similar rate of general and treatment-related complications. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1222–6.
The technique of delivery of peri-operative analgesia does not affect the rehabilitation or outcomes following total knee arthroplasty
Authors: McDonald D. A. , Deakin A. H. , Ellis B. M. , Robb Y. , Howe T. E. , Kinninmonth A. W. G. , Scott N. B. 
Published: September 2016

Aims This non-blinded randomised controlled trial compared the effect of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) versus local infiltration analgesia (LIA) within an established enhanced recovery programme on the attainment of discharge criteria and recovery one year after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The hypothesis was that LIA would increase the proportion of patients discharged from rehabilitation by the fourth post-operative day but would not affect outcomes at one year. Patients and Methods A total of 242 patients were randomised; 20 were excluded due to failure of spinal anaesthesia leaving 109 patients in the PCEA group and 113 in the LIA group. Patients were reviewed at six weeks and one year post-operatively. Results There was no difference in the proportion of patients discharged from rehabilitation by the fourth post-operative day, (77% in the PCEA group, 82% in the LIA group, p = 0.33), mean length of stay (four days in each group, p = 0.540), day of first mobilisation (p = 0.013) or pain (p = 0.278). There was no difference in mean Oxford Knee Scores (41 points in each group, p = 0.915) or the rate of complications in the two groups. Conclusion Both techniques provided adequate pain relief, enabled early mobilisation and accelerated rehabilitation and good patient-reported outcomes up to one year post-operatively. PCEA and LIA are associated with similar clinical outcomes following TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B1189–96.
Fluoroscopy-guided reduction and fibular nail fixation to manage unstable ankle fractures in patients with diabetes
Authors: Ashman B. D. , Kong C. , Wing K. J. , Penner M. J. , Bugler K. E. , White T. O. , Younger A. S. E. 
Published: September 2016

Aims Patients with diabetes are at increased risk of wound complications after open reduction and internal fixation of unstable ankle fractures. A fibular nail avoids large surgical incisions and allows anatomical reduction of the mortise. Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the results of fluoroscopy-guided reduction and percutaneous fibular nail fixation for unstable Weber type B or C fractures in 24 adult patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The re-operation rate for wound dehiscence or other indications such as amputation, mortality and functional outcomes was determined. Results Two patients developed lateral side wound infection, one of whom underwent wound debridement. Three other patients required re-operation for removal of symptomatic hardware. No patient required a below-knee amputation. Six patients died during the study period for unrelated reasons. At a median follow-up of 12 months (7 to 38) the mean Short Form-36 Mental Component Score and Physical Component Score were 53.2 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 48.1 to 58.4) and 39.3 (95% CI 32.1 to 46.4), respectively. The mean Visual Analogue Score for pain was 3.1 (95% 1.4 to 4.9). The mean Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale total score was 32.9 (95% CI 16.0 to 49.7). Conclusion Fluoroscopy-guided reduction and fibular nail fixation of unstable ankle fractures in patients with diabetes was associated with a low incidence of wound and overall complications, while providing effective surgical fixation. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1197–1201.
Total hip arthroplasty following failure of core decompression and tantalum rod implantation
Authors: Olsen M. , Lewis P. M. , Morrison Z. , McKee M. D. , Waddell J. P. , Schemitsch E. H. 
Published: September 2016

AimsOne method of femoral head preservation following avascular necrosis (AVN) is core decompression and insertion of a tantalum rod. However, there may be a high failure rate associated with this procedure. The purpose of this study was to document the clinical and radiological outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA) subsequent to failed tantalum rod insertion.Patients and MethodsA total of 37 failed tantalum rods requiring total hip arthroplasty were identified from a prospective database. There were 21 hips in 21 patients (12 men and nine women, mean age 37 years, 18 to 53) meeting minimum two year clinical and radiographic follow-up whose THAs were carried out between November 2002 and April 2013 (mean time between tantalum rod implantation and conversion to a THA was 26 months, 6 to 72). These were matched by age and gender to individuals (12 men, nine women, mean age 40 years, 18 to 58) receiving THA for AVN without prior tantalum rod insertion.ResultsThere were no functional outcome differences between the two groups. Tantalum residue was identified on all post-operative radiographs in the tantalum group. Linear wear rates were comparable between groups with no evidence of catastrophic wear in either group.ConclusionIn the short term, tantalum rod implantation does not demonstrate an adverse effect on subsequent total joint replacement surgery. There is however, a high rate of retained tantalum debris on post-operative radiographs and thus there is an unknown risk of accelerated articular wear necessitating longer term study. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1175–9.
Regionalisation of trauma care in England
Authors: Metcalfe D. , Perry D. C. , Bouamra O. , Salim A. , Woodford M. , Edwards A. , Lecky F. E. , Costa M. L. 
Published: September 2016

Aims We aimed to determine whether there is evidence of improved patient outcomes in Major Trauma Centres following the regionalisation of trauma care in England. Patients and Methods An observational study was undertaken using the Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN), Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and national death registrations. The outcome measures were indicators of the quality of trauma care, such as treatment by a senior doctor and clinical outcomes, such as mortality in hospital. Results and Conclusion A total of 20 181 major trauma cases were reported to TARN during the study period, which was 270 days before and after each hospital became a Major Trauma Centre. Following regionalisation of trauma services, all indicators of the quality of care improved, fewer patients required secondary transfer between hospitals and a greater proportion were discharged with a Glasgow Outcome Score of “good recovery”. In this early post-implementation analysis, there were a number of apparent process improvements (e.g. time to CT) but no differences in either crude or adjusted mortality. The overall number of deaths following trauma in England did not change following the national reconfiguration of trauma services. Evidence from other countries that have regionalised trauma services suggests that further benefits may become apparent after a period of maturing of the trauma system. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1253–61.
Does bariatric surgery prior to total hip or knee arthroplasty reduce post-operative complications and improve clinical outcomes for obese patients?
Authors: Smith T. O. , Aboelmagd T.  , Hing C. B. , MacGregor A. 
Published: September 2016

Aims Our aim was to determine whether, based on the current literature, bariatric surgery prior to total hip (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) reduces the complication rates and improves the outcome following arthroplasty in obese patients. Methods A systematic literature search was undertaken of published and unpublished databases on the 5 November 2015. All papers reporting studies comparing obese patients who had undergone bariatric surgery prior to arthroplasty, or not, were included. Each study was assessed using the Downs and Black appraisal tool. A meta-analysis of risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was performed to determine the incidence of complications including wound infection, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), revision surgery and mortality. Results From 156 potential studies, five were considered to be eligible for inclusion in the study. A total of 23 348 patients (657 who had undergone bariatric surgery, 22 691 who had not) were analysed. The evidence-base was moderate in quality. There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes such as superficial wound infection (relative risk (RR) 1.88; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95 to 0.37), deep wound infection (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.65 to 1.66), DVT (RR 0.57; 95% CI 0.13 to 2.44), PE (RR 0.51; 95% CI 0.03 to 8.26), revision surgery (RR 1.24; 95% CI 0.75 to 2.05) or mortality (RR 1.25; 95% CI 0.16 to 9.89) between the two groups. Conclusion For most peri-operative outcomes, bariatric surgery prior to THA or TKA does not significantly reduce the complication rates or improve the clinical outcome. This study questions the previous belief that bariatric surgery prior to arthroplasty may improve the clinical outcomes for patients who are obese or morbidly obese. This finding is based on moderate quality evidence. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1160–6.
Anticoagulation therapy and proximal femoral fracture treatment
Authors: Ktistakis Ioannis , Giannoudis Vasileios , Giannoudis Peter V. 
Published: September 2016

Hip fractures in the elderly population have become a ‘disease’ with increasing incidence. Most of the geriatric patients are affected by a number of comorbidities. Coagulopathies continue to be a special point of interest for the orthopaedic trauma surgeon, with the management of this high-risk group of patients a hot topic of debate among the orthopaedic community. While a universal consensus on how to manage thromboprophylaxis for this special cohort of patients has not been reached, multiple attempts to define a widely accepted protocol have been published. Cite this article: Ktistakis I, Giannoudis V, Giannoudis PV. Anticoagulation therapy and proximal femoral fracture treatment: an update. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:310-315. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.160034.
Factors associated with intelligence in young children with Down syndrome
Authors: Kawanto Frieda Handayani , Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko , Hendarto Aryono 
Published: September 2016

Introduction Despite the considerable number of children withDo\Vll syndrome in Indonesia, there is little data available on thesuccess of intervention programs. This study was performed todefine factors affecting the intelligence of young children withDo\Vll syndrome.Objective To determine factors associated Mth lower intelligencein children with Down syndrome, including growth parametersand participation in intervention programs.Methods This cross􀁃sectional study was undertaken fromDecember 2010 to March 2011. Subjects were 60 childrenwith Down syndrome aged 2􀁃6 years who were enrolled inan intervention program at both the Medical RehabilitationDepartment, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, and the Growthand Development Clinic, Harapan Kita Women's and Children'sHospital. Parents' data was obtained through self history􀁃takingand perusal of medical records. Subjects' anthropometricdata (body weight, body height, and head circumference) wasobtained through measurements using calibrated instruments.A psychologist administered IQ tests on the subjects. Results ofthe anthropometric and IQ tests were given to parents one weekfollowing the examinations.Results From the 111 children with Down syndromeregistered in the intervention programs, 60 children (36boys and 24 girls) met the inclusion criteria. The mean ageof subjects was 4 years 6 months. Most subjects were well􀁃nourished. Fifty􀁃five subjects had microcephaly. Eighty􀁃twopercent of subjects participated in the program regularly and70% of subjects had started in the program at less than 1 yearof age. Subjects' mean IQ was 52.8. Analysis showed thatgirls, subjects who were overweight and obese, subjects withmicrocephaly, those with irregular attendance in the program,and those living under the poverty line were at highest riskfor severe mental retardation.Conclusion Factors associated v.ith the intelligence in childrenwith Down syndrome were female gender, overweight/obesity, severe microcephaly, below􀁃poverty line economic status, andirregular participation in the program. [Paediatr Indones.2012;52:194-9].
Bioelectricity Production from Various Feedstocks Using Pure Strain of Bacillus firmus
Authors: Singh Shweta , Pandey Anjana , Dwivedi Chandra Kant 
Published: September 2016

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are bio-electrochemical devices that exploit microorganisms for producing electricity from a variety of materials, including complex organic waste and renewable biomass. In this study, the heterotrophic microbe, Bacillus firmus was used as the active bacterial component with synthetic waste waters for bio-electricity production. Three identical mediatorless and membraneless single chambered microbial fuel cells (MFCs) without catalyst was fabricated with different carbon source and operated in batch mode. The performance of these MFCs with glucose, hydrolyzed potato peel and hydrolyzed cyanobacterial biomass substrates were comparatively evaluated. Among these substrates hydrolyzed cyanobacterial biomass was found to be the favorable substrate for electricity production whereas potato peel was unable to construct a well-established MFC. The maximum power density of 16.46mW/m2 at 62.48mA/m2 was achieved using cyanobacterial mass as the substrate. A current density of 53.47mA/m2 appeared to characterize the maximum power produced from a polarization test was 5.85mW/m2 for glucose substrate. Article History: Received February 25th 2016; Received in revised form April 18th 2016; Accepted May 19th 2016; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Singh, S., Pandey, A. and Dwivedi, C.K. (2016) Bioelectricity Production from Various Feedstocks Using Pure Strain of Bacillus firmus. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(2), 119-127.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.2.119-127