bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of two automated cell counters for the analysis of hematopoietic progenitor cell apheresis products
Authors: Gils S. , Cauwelier B. , Devos H. , Vanlaere I. , Roggeman S. , Emmerechts J. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryIntroductionRoutine hematology parameters in hematopoietic progenitor cell apheresis products (HPC‐A) are usually determined using automated cell counters. These instruments, however, are designed to analyze whole blood samples, that differ considerably from HPC‐A in blood cell composition. This study evaluates the performance of two automated cell counters for the analysis of HPC‐A.MethodsRoutine hematology parameters [red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC), WBC differentiation, and platelets (PLT)] were determined on the Unicel DxH 800 instrument (Beckman Coulter) and the XN‐350 instrument (Sysmex). Correlations with the reference methods, intrarun precision, and linearity of the analyses were studied.ResultsGood correlations were found for almost all parameters. However, RBC count was overestimated by XN‐350, using the impedance technique, as was neutrophil percentage using DxH 800. Coefficients of variation for intrarun precision were below 10% on both analyzers for all parameters, except for neutrophil percentage (14.7%) and PLT (10%) on DxH 800. Both instruments showed good linearity for all parameters, except for RBC and HCT on DxH 800.ConclusionWith the exception of the measurement of neutrophils on DxH 800 and RBC by the impedance technique on the XN‐350, routine hematology parameters in HPC‐A can safely be determined using automated cell counters.
Hematologic, hepatic, and renal function changes in hospitalized patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Authors: Al‐Tawfiq J. A. , Hinedi K. , Abbasi S. , Babiker M. , Sunji A. , Eltigani M. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryBackgroundThere are no longitudinal data on the changes in hematologic, hepatic, and renal function findings in patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) infection.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of 16 MERS‐CoV patients, to describe the hematological, hepatic, and renal findings of patients with MERS‐CoV.ResultsDuring the 21 days of observation, there was no significant change in the hepatic panel or creatinine tests. There was a significant increase in the mean ± SD of the white blood cell count from 8.3 ± 4.6 to 14.53 ± 7 (P value = 0.001) and an increase in mean ± SD of the absolute neutrophil count from 6.33 ± 4.2 to 12 ± 5.5 (P value = 0.015). Leukocytosis was observed in 31% (5/16) of the patients on day 1 and in 80% (4/5) on day 21. Transient leukopenia developed in 6% (1/16) of the patients on day 1 and in 13% (1/8) on day 8. None of the patients had neutropenia. Lymphopenia was a prominent feature with a rate of 44% (7/16) of the patients on day 1 and 60% (3/5) on day 21. Lymphocytosis was not a feature of MERS‐CoV infection. Thrombocytopenia developed in 31% (5/16) of the patients on day 1 and 40% (2/5) on day 21. Thrombocytosis was not a prominent feature and was observed in 6% (1/16) of the patients on day 1 and 17% (1/6) on day 9.ConclusionsPatients with MERS‐CoV infection showed variable hematologic parameters over time. Lymphocytosis and neutropenia were not features of MERS‐CoV infection.
Approaches for optimising intravenous iron dosing in pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Grzeskowiak Luke E. , Qassim Alaa , Jeffries Bill , Grivell Rosalie M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundIntravenous iron is commonly utilised in pregnancy when treatment with oral is not tolerated or where rapid replenishment of iron stores is required.AimsTo examine the relationship between doses of intravenous iron administered during pregnancy according to different maternal bodyweight measures and subsequent treatment response.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of pregnant women with confirmed iron deficiency anaemia who received intravenous iron polymaltose at a tertiary teaching hospital in Australia from 1 January 2014 to 31 January 2016. Diagnosis of anaemia and/or iron deficiency, infusion dosage characteristics and haematological parameters were collected from paper‐based case notes and electronic records. The dose of intravenous iron administered was examined relative to maternal total bodyweight (TBW), ideal bodyweight (IBW) (equation = 45.5 kg + 0.9 kg/cm for each cm over 152 cm) and adjusted bodyweight (equation = IBW + [0.4 × (TBW – IBW)]).ResultsA total of 122 pregnancies was identified where women had confirmed iron deficiency anaemia and received a single infusion of intravenous iron polymaltose. Dose–response relationships were evident between change in haemoglobin from treatment until delivery and intravenous iron dose according to adjusted bodyweight (adjusted beta coefficient 0.70 (95% CI 0.24–1.15)) and pre‐pregnancy total bodyweight (adjusted beta coefficient 0.83 (95% CI 0.36–1.29)), but not ideal bodyweight (adjusted beta coefficient 0.37 (95% CI −0.04–0.78)). Calculating iron deficit using adjusted bodyweight most closely matched that based on a physiological estimate of iron deficit according to weight‐based total blood volume.ConclusionOptimal treatment outcomes in pregnant women requiring intravenous iron may be reached by dosing according to adjusted pre‐pregnancy bodyweight rather than ideal bodyweight.
Cements in the 21st century: Challenges, perspectives, and opportunities
Authors: Biernacki Joseph J. , Bullard Jeffrey W. , Sant Gaurav , Brown Kevin , Glasser Fredrik P. , Jones Scott , Ley Tyler , Livingston Richard , Nicoleau Luc , Olek Jan , Sanchez Florence , Shahsavari Rouzbeh , Stutzman Paul E. , Sobolev Konstantine , Prater Tracie 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSince its widespread use in concrete began over 100 years ago, the chemical composition and physical properties of portland cement have changed only incrementally in response to various and competing pressures of constructability and cost. Instead, the construction demands have been met largely through the development and introduction of chemical admixtures that are added to the binder during mixing. These same demands persist into the 21st Century and are just as important now as before, yet newer driving forces are simultaneously pushing the industry both toward more automated construction and toward more sustainable concrete materials that generate lower CO2 and have longer service life. These new cement binder formulations and new construction technologies are expected to go well outside the bounds of traditional portland cement compositions and batching and placing practices. This study examines the origins of these new market demands and the influence they are having on the construction industry. Seven scientific or technological pathways are identified that will be critical for enabling the kinds of transformational changes in cement and concrete construction that the industry needs: (i) additive manufacturing, (ii) designer admixtures, (iii) curated materials data repositories, (iv) computationally designed composites, (v) big data and smart materials, (vi) alternative binder compositions, and (vii) next‐generation instrumentation.
Age‐dependent alterations in osteoblast and osteoclast activity in human cancellous bone
Authors: Becerikli Mustafa , Jaurich Henriette , Schira Jessica , Schulte Matthias , Döbele Carmen , Wallner Christoph , Abraham Stephanie , Wagner Johannes M. , Dadras Mehran , Kneser Ulrich , Lehnhardt Marcus , Behr Björn 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIt is assumed that the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts is decreased in bone tissue of aged individuals. However, detailed investigation of the molecular signature of human bone from young compared to aged individuals confirming this assumption is lacking. In this study, quantitative expression analysis of genes related to osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis of human cancellous bone derived from the distal radius of young and aged individuals was performed. Furthermore, we additionally performed immunohistochemical stainings. The young group included 24 individuals with an average age of 23.2 years, which was compared to cancellous bone derived from 11 body donators with an average age of 81.0 years. In cancellous bone of young individuals, the osteogenesis‐related genes RUNX‐2, OSTERIX, OSTEOPONTIN and OSTEOCALCIN were significantly up‐regulated compared to aged individuals. In addition, RANKL and NFATc1, both markers for osteoclastogenesis, were significantly induced in cancellous bone of young individuals, as well as the WNT gene family member WNT5a and the matrix metalloproteinases MMP‐9. However, quantitative RT‐PCR analysis of BMP‐2, ALP, FGF‐2, CYCLIN‐D1, MMP‐13, RANK, OSTEOPROTEGERIN and TGFb1 revealed no significant difference. Furthermore, Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was performed which indicated an increased osteoclast activity in cancellous bone of young individuals. In addition, pentachrome stainings revealed significantly less mineralized bone matrix, more osteoid and an increased bone density in young individuals. In summary, markers related to osteogenesis as well as osteoclastogenesis were significantly decreased in the aged individuals. Thus, the present data extends the knowledge about reduced bone regeneration and healing capacity observed in aged individuals.
Prioritizing treatment outcomes: How people with acne vulgaris decide if their treatment is working
Authors: Layton Alison M , Whitehouse Heather , Eady E Anne , Cowdell Fiona , Warburton Katharine L , Fenton Mark 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo collect information about how people with acne make day‐to‐day decisions concerning the effectiveness of their treatment.MethodsBetween May and August 2013, an optional question was embedded in the James Lind Alliance Acne Priority Setting Partnership's online survey to collect treatment uncertainties. The question asked people with acne to “Tell us in your own words how you decide if your treatment has been effective.”ResultsA total of 742 respondents specified at least one outcome or means of assessing change (outcome measure). Fewer spots were the most commonly cited outcome, identified by 272 respondents (36.7%). Other frequently mentioned outcomes were in descending order: less redness (19.4%), reduction in spot size (12.1%), and less pain/discomfort (11.4%). Signs were much more commonly used than symptoms and surrogate outcomes such as changes in aspects of life quality were infrequently mentioned. Visual inspection of the skin was the most widely adopted outcome measure (16.3%).ConclusionsAlthough the most frequently used methods map well onto the outcome measures adopted in the majority of acne trials, namely physician‐assessed changes in lesion counts and global acne severity, people with acne often take into account several factors that cannot be assessed by a third party at a single point in time. The minimal use of changes in psychosocial wellbeing and mood may reflect that these are regarded as secondary consequences of improvements in appearance. The robustness of these findings now requires independent evaluation. If confirmed, they could form the basis of a new patient‐reported outcome measure.
Optimization of Parboiling Parameters to Improve the Quality Characteristics of Pusa basmati 1509
Authors: Chavan Prasad , Sharma S. R. , Mittal T. C. , Mahajan G. , Gupta S. K. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn order to improve the physico‐chemical, textural properties and nutritional quality of popular exceptionally long grain basmati cultivar (Pusa basmati 1509), three parboiling methods (traditional parboiling technique, steaming alone, and presteaming followed by soaking and steaming) were studied and compared with unparboiled sample. Parboiling method consisting presteaming of paddy at 1.05 kg/cm2, soaking in 85 °C hot water for 3 hours and again steaming for 60 minutes followed by drying was found best parboiling technique with increase in head rice recovery from 41.15 to 68.87%. Cooking time and water uptake ratio observed was 43.69 minutes and 2.05%, respectively whereas gruel solid loss was significantly reduced. Parboiling treatment resulted in increase in hardness, cohesiveness and springiness while adhesiveness was decreased. Parboiling treatment resulted in leaching of amylose, crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber. Lightness was positively associated with crude protein and crude fat.Practical ApplicationParboiling method resulted into better quality of cooked rice. Increased head rice recovery of these cultivars will help the farmers in getting more prices for their crops as well as increase the market value of rice because of value addition (by increasing head rice recovery) resulting in increased returns to the millers.
Optimism and positive and negative feelings in parents of young children with developmental delay
Authors: Kurtz‐Nelson E. , McIntyre L. L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundParents' positive and negative feelings about their young children influence both parenting behaviour and child problem behaviour. Research has not previously examined factors that contribute to positive and negative feelings in parents of young children with developmental delay (DD).MethodThe present study sought to examine whether optimism, a known protective factor for parents of children with DD, was predictive of positive and negative feelings for these parents. Data were collected from 119 parents of preschool‐aged children with developmental delay. Two separate hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to determine if optimism significantly predicted positive feelings and negative feelings and whether optimism moderated relations between parenting stress and parent feelings.ResultsIncreased optimism was found to predict increased positive feelings and decreased negative feelings after controlling for child problem behaviour and parenting stress. In addition, optimism was found to moderate the relation between parenting stress and positive feelings.ConclusionResults suggest that optimism may impact how parents perceive their children with DD. Future research should examine how positive and negative feelings impact positive parenting behaviour and the trajectory of problem behaviour specifically for children with DD.
Lesion of the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons attenuates sleepiness and adenosine after alcohol consumption
Authors: Sharma Rishi , Sahota Pradeep , Thakkar Mahesh M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAlcohol has a profound effect on sleep. However, neuronal substrates mediating sleep‐promoting effects of alcohol are unknown. Since the basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons are implicated in the homeostatic regulation of sleep, we hypothesized that the BF cholinergic neurons may have an important role in sleepiness observed after alcohol consumption. 192‐IgG‐saporin (bilateral BF infusions) was used to selectively lesion BF cholinergic neurons in adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats. Standard surgical procedures were used to implant sleep recording electrodes or microdialysis guide cannulas. The first experiment used between‐group design [lesion and sham (controls)] and examined effects of BF cholinergic neuronal lesions on alcohol (3 g/Kg; ig) induced sleep promotion. The second experiment used within‐group design [lesion (ipsilateral BF) and sham (controls; contralateral BF) in same animal] and local reverse microdialysis infusion of alcohol (300 mM) to examine the effects of cholinergic neuronal lesions on extracellular adenosine in the BF. Alcohol had a robust sleep promoting effect in controls as evidenced by a significant reduction in sleep onset latency and wakefulness; non‐rapid eye movement sleep was significantly increased. No such alcohol‐induced sleep promotion was observed in lesioned rats with significantly fewer BF cholinergic neurons. Rapid eye movement sleep was minimally affected. Adenosine release was significantly reduced following local infusion of alcohol on the lesion side, with significantly fewer cholinergic neurons as compared with the control side. Based on these results, we suggest that alcohol promotes sleep by increasing extracellular adenosine via its action on cholinergic neurons of the BF.Read the Editorial Highlight for this article on page 620.
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Night sleep in patients with vegetative state
Authors: Pavlov Yuri G. , Gais Steffen , Müller Friedemann , Schönauer Monika , Schäpers Barbara , Born Jan , Kotchoubey Boris 
Published: April 2017

SummaryPolysomnographic recording of night sleep was carried out in 15 patients with the diagnosis vegetative state (syn. unresponsive wakefulness syndrome). Sleep scoring was performed by three raters, and confirmed by means of a spectral power analysis of the electroencephalogram, electrooculogram and electromyogram. All patients but one exhibited at least some signs of sleep. In particular, sleep stage N1 was found in 13 patients, N2 in 14 patients, N3 in nine patients, and rapid eye movement sleep in 10 patients. Three patients exhibited all phenomena characteristic for normal sleep, including spindles and rapid eye movements. However, in all but one patient, sleep patterns were severely disturbed as compared with normative data. All patients had frequent and long periods of wakefulness during the night. In some apparent rapid eye movement sleep episodes, no eye movements were recorded. Sleep spindles were detected in five patients only, and their density was very low. We conclude that the majority of vegetative state patients retain some important circadian changes. Further studies are necessary to disentangle multiple factors potentially affecting sleep pattern of vegetative state patients.
Fine‐scale species distribution changes in a mixed oak stand over two successive generations
Authors: Truffaut Laura , Chancerel Emilie , Ducousso Alexis , Dupouey Jean Luc , Badeau Vincent , Ehrenmann François , Kremer Antoine 
Published: April 2017

Summary

Large‐scale tree distribution changes have received considerable attention but underlying demo‐genetic mechanisms are less well documented. We used a diachronic approach to track species shifts in a mixed oak stand (Quercus petraea–Quercus robur) at a fine spatiotemporal scale.

Species assignment was made using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) fingerprints employing clustering and parentage analysis. Mating patterns and reproductive success were assessed by parentage analysis. Plot‐based inventories of soil parameters and sapling densities provided ecological and demographic information, respectively.

Sapling density and reproductive success was higher in Q. petraea than in Q. robur, and were correlated with a spatial expansion of Q. petraea (50% to 67% of the area). Admixed trees resulting from hybridization and backcrossing between the two species were more frequent under the Q. robur canopy.

We suspect that species’ differential responses to ongoing environmental changes and interspecific competition are the predominant factors accounting for the recruitment success of Q. petraea, while human interference, differential reproduction and hybridization (and backcrossings) are probably of more limited importance. We anticipate in mixed Q. petraea–Q. robur stands, under current ongoing environmental change, that these processes will be enhanced, at least in the western part of the distribution of the two species.
Strobilurins as growth‐promoting compounds: how Stroby regulates Arabidopsis leaf growth
Authors: Van Dingenen Judith , Antoniou Chrystalla , Filippou Panagiota , Pollier Jacob , Gonzalez Nathalie , Dhondt Stijn , Goossens Alain , Fotopoulos Vasileios , Inzé Dirk 
Published: April 2017

AbstractStrobilurins are an important class of agrochemical fungicides used throughout the world on a wide variety of crops as protection against fungal pathogens. In addition to this protective role, they are reported to also positively influence plant physiology. In this study, we analysed the effect of Stroby® WG, a commercially available fungicide consisting of 50% (w/w) kresoxim‐methyl (KM) as active strobilurin compound, on Arabidopsis leaf growth. Treatment of seedlings with Stroby resulted in larger leaves due to an increase in cell number. Transcriptome analysis of Stroby‐treated rosettes demonstrated an increased expression of genes involved in redox homeostasis, iron metabolism and sugar transport. Stroby treatment strongly induced the expression of the subgroup Ib basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors, which have a role in iron homeostasis under iron‐limiting conditions. Single loss‐of‐function mutants of three bHLHs and their triple bhlh039, bhlh100 and bhlh101 mutant did not respond to Stroby treatment. Although iron and sucrose content was not affected, nitric oxide (NO) levels and nitrate reductase (NR) activity were significantly increased in Stroby‐treated rosettes as compared with control plants. In conclusion, we suggest that the Stroby‐mediated effects on growth depend on the increased expression of the subgroup Ib bHLHs and higher NO levels.
Influence of adjuvant formulation on inducing immune response in mice immunized with a recombinant serpin from Trichinella spiralis
Authors: Xu J. , Bai X. , Wang L. B. , Shi H. N. , van der Giessen J. W. B. , Boireau P. , Liu M. Y. , Liu X. L. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryNematodes of the genus Trichinella are one of the most widespread zoonotic pathogens on the world, and they can still cause major public health problems in many parts of the world. Vaccination against the helminth nematode Trichinella could be a good strategy to reduce the risk of human and animal infection. It was our aim to evaluate three adjuvants, which could be used as an efficient vaccine for animals in combination with rTs‐Serpin antigen. In this study, BALB/c mice were vaccinated by an intramuscular route with rTs‐Serpin antigen from the parasite Trichinella spiralis in combination with three different adjuvant formulations: Montanide ISA201, Montanide IMS 1313 N PR VG and Freund's complete adjuvant/Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FCA/FIA). The dynamics of IgG, IgM, IgE and cytokine production from spleen cells and worm reduction rate of the vaccinated mice were analysed. The results showed that rTs‐serpin can induce partial protection against Trichinella larvae challenge in mice, when compared to the FCA‐/FIA‐formulated vaccination, the IMS1313 plus rTs‐serpin mixture showed higher humoral immunity and similar levels of cellular immunity and worm reduction rate. The study suggested that Montanide IMS nanoparticles 1313 are as effective as FCA but less toxic; thus, Montanide IMS nanoparticles 1313 can be used as a good candidate of adjuvant for developing vaccine against Trichinella spiralis.