bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Existential Anxiety Among Adolescents Exposed to Disaster: Linkages Among Level of Exposure, PTSD, and Depression Symptoms*
Authors: Weems Carl F. , Russell Justin D. , Neill Erin L. , Berman Steven L. , Scott Brandon G. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractExposure to natural disasters can be highly traumatic and have a detrimental effect on youth mental health by threatening the satisfaction of basic human needs and goals. Recent research in adults suggests that exposure to disasters may exacerbate existential anxiety about the meaning of life. The current study expands this investigation to adolescents, who may be particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of disaster. Data came from 325 adolescents (mean age = 15.05 years, SD = 1.05) residing in the Greater New Orleans area who were exposed to Hurricanes Katrina and/or Gustav. Existential anxiety concerns were highly prevalent in the sample and were associated with elevated levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (R2 = .09) and depression symptoms (R2 = .13). Consistent with theoretical predictions, disaster exposure levels moderated the association between facets of existential anxiety and mental health symptoms. Findings highlight the salience of existential concerns in disaster exposed youth, and provide evidence that exposure to traumatic stress may strengthen their association with mental health problems.
Antiangiogenic antibody improves melanoma detection by fluorescently labeled therapeutic antibodies
Authors: Sweeny Larissa , Prince Andrew , Patel Neel , Moore Lindsay S. , Rosenthal Eben L. , Hughley Brian B. , Warram Jason M. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveEvaluate if vascular normalization with an antiangiogenic monoclonal antibody improves detection of melanoma using fluorescently labeled antibody‐based imaging.Study DesignPreclinical.MethodsPanitumumab and control IgG were covalently linked to a near‐infrared fluorescent probe (IRDye800CW). Immunodeficient mice with ear xenografts of melanoma cell lines (A375 and SKMEL5) were systemically injected (200 μg, tail vein) with either IgG‐IRDye800CW, panitumumab‐IRDye800CW, or a combination (bevacizumab [5mg/kg], administered 72 hours prepanitumumab‐IRDye800CW) (n = 5). Primary tumors were imaged with open‐field (LUNA, Novadaq, Toronto, Ontario, Canada) and closed‐field (Pearl, LI‐COR Biosciences, Lincoln, NB) imaging devices. Postresection, the concentration of labeled antibody within the tumor (μg/g) was calculated using normalized standards.ResultsThe mean fluorescence within the melanoma tumors was greater for the combination group compared to panitumumab alone for both cell lines (P < 0.001). The tumor‐to‐background ratio (TBR) for the A375 tumors was greater for the combination (3.4–7.1) compared to the panitumumab alone (3.2–5.0) (P = 0.04). The TBR for SKMEL5 tumors was greater for the combination (2.4–6.0) compared to the panitumumab alone (2.2–3.9) (P = 0.02). Within A375 tumors, the concentration was lower for panitumumab (0.51 μg/g) compared to combination group (0.68 μg/g) (P = 0.036). Within SKMEL5 tumors, the concentration was lower for panitumumab (0.0.17 μg/g) compared to combination group (0.35 μg/g) (P = 0.048). Residual tumor (1.0–0.2 mg) could be differentiated from background in both panitumumab and combination groups. For both cell lines, panitumumab and combination groups had greater mean fluorescence of the tumor compared to control IgG.ConclusionThe addition of antiangiogenic therapy improves uptake of fluorescently labeled monoclonal antibodies within melanoma tumors. Clinical translation could improve detection of melanoma intraoperatively, reducing positive margins and sparing normal tissue.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 126:E387–E395, 2016
Frequency and specific characteristics of the incomplete partition type III anomaly in children
Authors: Kanno Ayako , Mutai Hideki , Namba Kazunori , Morita Noriko , Nakano Atsuko , Ogahara Noboru , Sugiuchi Tomoko , Ogawa Kaoru , Matsunaga Tatsuo 
Published: August 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine the frequency of the incomplete partition type III anomaly and the genetic and clinical features associated with POU3F4 mutations in children with hearing loss.Study DesignRetrospective case series from 2000 to 2014 at the National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center and collaborating hospitals.MethodsA total of 1,004 patients (from 938 families) who had hearing loss by 10 years of age and had undergone computed tomography scanning of their temporal bones were enrolled in this genetic, clinical, and radiological study.ResultsThe incomplete partition type III anomaly was identified in six patients (0.6%), each of whom had an enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct at the end close to the vestibule. The six patients also had POU3F4 variants, and a genetic analysis revealed frameshift deletions in three patients, a missense variant in two patients of the same family, and a large deletion in one patient. Three of the six patients with POU3F4 variants were sporadic cases, and in one patient the genetic mutation occurred de novo.ConclusionsIt was indicated that POU3F4 mutations can be predicted by incomplete partition type III anomaly by radiological examination of the inner ear. All six of the patients showed mixed hearing loss, but none showed fluctuations in hearing, which may be related to the lack of vestibular aqueduct enlargement at the operculum.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 127:1663–1669, 2017
Predicting revision sinus surgery in allergic fungal and eosinophilic mucin chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Younis Ramzi T. , Ahmed Jamal 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis consists of several disease processes. Eosinophilic mucin is found in the subtypes of allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) and eosinophilic mucin chronic rhinosinusitis (EMCRS). These entities frequently require surgical intervention and have high recurrence rates.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine factors in patients with AFS and EMCRS that may be associated with a higher rate of revision surgeries. Our hypothesis is that patients who have polyps, high Lund‐Mackay score (LMS), and fungus may have higher revision rates.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of 117 patients identified over a 5‐year period (2005–2009) with the diagnosis of AFS or EMCRS. Contingency tables were created to obtain the odds ratios estimates, and 95% confidence intervals were used to access the association between the outcome (having revision surgery or not) and other clinical binary predictors.ResultsTwenty‐six of 117 (22%) of the study patients underwent revision surgery. Within the 2‐year follow‐up period, an additional five of 26 (19%) required another revision surgery. Average LMS was slightly higher in those who underwent revision surgery (16 vs. 13) on a scale of 0 to 24, with an overall mean score of 18 and standard deviation of 6.82 for the whole sample (117). Other factors evaluated were the presence of fungus, polyps, eosinophilic mucin, and the eosinophilic count and medical therapy received.ConclusionThe presence of eosinophilic mucin was significantly associated a higher rate of revision surgery.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:59–63, 2017
Secreted P‐glycoprotein is a noninvasive biomarker of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Nocera Angela L. , Meurer Ana T. , Miyake Marcel M. , Sadow Peter M. , Han Xue , Bleier Benjamin S. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveThe discovery of noninvasive biomarkers of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is critical to enable our ability to provide prognostic information and targeted medical therapy. Epithelial P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) is overexpressed in CRS and exists in an extracellular, secreted form. The objective of this study was to determine whether secreted P‐gp concentrations are elevated in CRS and can be used to predict disease severity.MethodsInstitutional review board‐approved study examining mucus concentrations of P‐gp in 36 patients (10 control, 16 CRS without nasal polyps [CRSsNP], and 10 CRS with nasal polyps [CRSwNP]). P‐gp concentrations were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and normalized to total protein (TP). Clinical indices of disease severity, including the Sino‐Nasal Outcomes Test (SNOT‐22) and Lund‐Mackay score, were collected for all patients.ResultsSecreted P‐gp concentration was significantly higher in CRS versus control patients (mean ± standard deviation; 247.8 ± 224.8 vs. 102.4 ± 81.7 pcg P‐gp/μg TP, P = 0.022). A threshold value of 250 pcg/μg TP was used to differentiate low versus high secretors. High P‐gp secretors with CRS (sNP and wNP, n = 9) demonstrated significantly higher SNOT‐22 and Lund‐Mackay scores (57.1 ± 7.9 and 13.9 ± 7.3) versus low secretors (38.3 ± 23.9 and 6.8 ± 7.3; P = 0.030 and P = 0.013, respectively) and had a significantly higher proportion of CRSwNP (66.7%) versus the low secretors (23.5%, n = 17, P = 0.046).ConclusionP‐gp secretion levels are significantly elevated in patients with CRS. High P‐gp secretion is associated with a higher incidence of CRSwNP and confers worse subjective and objective measures of disease severity. The presence of elevated P‐gp secretion may therefore represent a novel noninvasive biomarker of CRS and could be used to predict patients who may benefit from P‐gp inhibitory therapeutic strategies.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 127:E1–E4, 2017
Development of Molecular Anisotropy in Centrifugally Spun Fibers as Compared to Electrospun Fibers
Authors: Mohan Saeed D. , Mitchell Geoffrey R. , Davis Fred J. 
Published: August 2016

The molecular anisotropy that is developed in microscale, centrifugally spun atactic‐polystyrene fibers prepared from the solution state is examined. Small angle neutron scattering is utilised to examine the molecular orientation of the polymer chain conformation in centrifugally spun fiber samples and comparisons are made to anisotropy developed in electrospun fiber samples. The average values of molecular anisotropy developed in the centrifugally spun fibers measured a ratio of the radius of gyration parallel to‐/perpendicular to‐ the fiber axis as 1.02, lower than the average of 1.05 observed for the electrospinning process. The highest level of anisotropy observed for the centrifugally spun fiber samples is ≈1.04, compared with a value of 1.063 for electrospinning. A model of chain anisotropy development in the centrifugal spinning process relating to the tangential speed and solvent evaporation is described.image
Materials Informatics: Statistical Modeling in Material Science
Authors: Yosipof Abraham , Shimanovich Klimentiy , Senderowitz Hanoch 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMaterial informatics is engaged with the application of informatic principles to materials science in order to assist in the discovery and development of new materials. Central to the field is the application of data mining techniques and in particular machine learning approaches, often referred to as Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) modeling, to derive predictive models for a variety of materials‐related “activities”. Such models can accelerate the development of new materials with favorable properties and provide insight into the factors governing these properties. Here we provide a comparison between medicinal chemistry/drug design and materials‐related QSAR modeling and highlight the importance of developing new, materials‐specific descriptors. We survey some of the most recent QSAR models developed in materials science with focus on energetic materials and on solar cells. Finally we present new examples of material‐informatic analyses of solar cells libraries produced from metal oxides using combinatorial material synthesis. Different analyses lead to interesting physical insights as well as to the design of new cells with potentially improved photovoltaic parameters.
Creatine kinase rate constant in the human heart measured with 3D‐localization at 7 tesla
Authors: Clarke William T. , Robson Matthew D. , Neubauer Stefan , Rodgers Christopher T. 
Published: August 2016

PurposeWe present a new Bloch‐Siegert four Angle Saturation Transfer (BOAST) method for measuring the creatine kinase (CK) first‐order effective rate constant kf in human myocardium at 7 tesla (T). BOAST combines a variant of the four‐angle saturation transfer (FAST) method using amplitude‐modulated radiofrequency pulses, phosphorus Bloch‐Siegert
‐mapping to determine the per‐voxel flip angles, and nonlinear fitting to Bloch simulations for postprocessing.MethodsOptimal flip angles and repetition time parameters were determined from Monte Carlo simulations. BOAST was validated in the calf muscle of two volunteers at 3T and 7T. The myocardial CK forward rate constant was then measured in 10 volunteers at 7T in 82 min (after 1H localization).ResultsBOAST
values were 0.281 ± 0.002 s−1 in the calf and 0.35 ± 0.05 s−1 in myocardium. These are consistent with literature values from lower fields. Using a literature values for adenosine triphosphate concentration, we computed CK flux values of 4.55 ± 1.52 mmol kg−1 s−1. The sensitive volume for BOAST depends on the B1 inhomogeneity of the transmit coil.ConclusionBOAST enables measurement of the CK rate constant in the human heart at 7T, with spatial localization in three dimensions to 5.6 mL voxels, using a 10‐cm loop coil. Magn Reson Med 78:20–32, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Photo‐enhanced catalytic activity of spray‐coated Cu2SnSe3 nanoparticle counter electrode for dye‐sensitised solar cells
Authors: Ananthakumar Soosaimanickam , Li Xuan , Anderson Ann‐Louise , Yilmaz Pelin , Dunn Steve , Babu Sridharan Moorthy , Briscoe Joe 
Published: August 2016

Cu2SnSe3 nanoparticles are synthesised using oleylamine as both a solvent and capping agent and spray coated to form dye‐sensitised solar cell (DSSC) counter electrodes (CEs) using earth‐abundant elements. The film requires annealing at only 400 °C in nitrogen, which is a lower temperature than previous reports of both Cu2SnSe3and Cu2ZnSnSe4 films, also avoiding the use of Se gas. The composition and phase of the material is confirmed to be kesterite Cu2SnSe3. DSSCs using Cu2SnSe3 CEs give a power conversion efficiency of 4.87%, compared to 5.35% when using Pt. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicates that the performance of the Cu2SnSe3 CE is enhanced under illumination, leading to a drop in the charge transfer resistance. This illumination‐induced enhancement of the catalytic activity provides a novel mechanism for the enhancement of CE performance in DSSCs.
magnified imagePhoto‐excitation of the nanostructured Cu2SnSe3 counter electrode provides a higher overpotential for electrolyte reduction, giving improved catalytic performance.
Mass spectrometry based strategy for studies of binding sites and structural changes of cisplatin binding to myoglobin
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhang Ningbo , Cui Meng , Liu Zhiqiang , Liu Shuying 
Published: August 2016

RationaleIt is of great significance to investigate the interaction of the metallodrug cisplatin (cis‐[PtCl2(NH3)2]) with myoglobin for understanding of the mechanism of action of cisplatin and the overexpression of myoglobin in tumor cells.MethodsThe reactions of cisplatin and myoglobin were incubated under different conditions. A mass spectrometry (MS)‐based strategy combining full proteolysis and limited proteolysis was developed for comprehensive studies of cisplatin‐myoglobin interaction.ResultsThe binding sites of cisplatin on myoglobin were identified as Trp14, His64, His81, His113 and His116 using electrospray ionization multiple‐stage tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MSn) without liquid chromatography (LC) separation. The relative abundances of digested peptides from platinated myoglobin were obviously higher than those from native samples by limited proteolysis.ConclusionsAn alternative and simple approach was developed to successfully monitor conformational changes of myoglobin induced by cisplatin binding using an ESI‐MS‐based quantification method combined with limited proteolysis. Meanwhile, His64 was firstly found to coordinate to platinum, which was likely to affect hydrogen bonds with the oxygen in the heme group. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consumer desire for control as a barrier to new product adoption
Authors: Faraji‐Rad Ali , Melumad Shiri , Johar Gita Venkataramani 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis research examines the relationship between desire for control and acceptance of new products. We hypothesize that desire for control—the need to personally control outcomes in one's life—acts as a barrier to new product acceptance. Three experiments provide support for this hypothesis. This effect holds when desire for control is high as a dispositional trait (Studies 1 and 3) and when it is situationally induced (Study 2). We also identify an intervention to increase new product acceptance based on the idea that new products threaten one's sense of control. Specifically, framing new products as potentially enhancing one's sense of control increases acceptance of new products by those high in desire for control (Study 3). This finding offers some evidence for the underlying process and helps guide managerial actions.
The Chemical Composition of the Galactic Bulge and Implications for its Evolution
Authors: McWilliam Andrew 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAt a bulge latitude ofb= −4°, the average [Fe/H] and [Mg/H] values are +0.06 and +0.17 dex, roughly 0.2 and 0.7 dex higher than the local thin and thick disk values, respectively, suggesting a large bulgeeffective yield, perhaps due to efficient retention of supernova ejecta.The bulge vertical [Fe/H] gradient, at ~ 0.5 dex/kpc, appears to be due to a changing mixture of sub-populations (near +0.3 dex and −0.3 dex and one possibly near −0.7 dex) with latitude. At solar [Fe/H], the bulge [Al/Fe] and [α/Fe] ratios are ~ +0.15 dex. Below [Fe/H] < ![CDATA[$ ~ −0.5 dex, the bulge and local thick disk compositions are very similar; but the measured [Mg/Fe], [⟨SiCaTi⟩/Fe], [La/Eu] and dramatic [Cu/Fe] ratios suggest higher SFR in the bulge. However, these composition differences with the thick disk could be due to measurement errors and non-LTE effects.Unusual zig-zag trends of [Cu/Fe] and [Na/Fe] suggest metallicity-dependent nucleosynthesis by core-collapse supernovae in the Type Ia supernova time-delay scenario.The bulge sub-population compositions resemble the local thin and thick disks, but at higher [Fe/H], suggesting a radial [Fe/H] gradient of − $0.04]] > to − 0.05 dex/kpc for both the thin and thick disks. If the bulge formed through accretion of inner thin and thick disk stars, it appears that these stars retained vertical scale heights characteristic of their kinematic origin, resulting in the vertical [Fe/H] gradient and [α/Fe] trends seen today.
Religious Symbols, Multiculturalism and Policy Attitudes
Authors: Stolle Dietlind , Harell Allison , Soroka Stuart , Behnke Jessica 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMulticultural policy is an increasingly salient, and contested, topic in both academic and public debate about how to manage increasing ethnic diversity. In spite of the longstanding commitment to multiculturalism policy in Canada, however, we have only a partial understanding of public attitudes on this issue. Current research tends to look at general attitudes regarding diversity and accommodation–rarely at attitudes towards specific multicultural policies. We seek to (partly) fill this gap. In particular, we focus on how support for multiculturalism policy varies across benefit types (for example, financial and other) and the ethnicity/religiosity of recipient groups. Using a unique survey experiment conducted within the 2011 Canadian Election Study (CES), we examine how ethnic origin (Portuguese vs. Turkish) and religious symbols (absence and presence of the hijab) influence support for funding of ethno-religious group activities and their access to public spaces. We also explore whether citizens’ general attitudes toward cultural diversity moderate this effect. Results provide important information about the state of Canadian public opinion on multiculturalism, and more general evidence about the nature, authenticity and limits of public support for this policy.
Tracing ancient evolutionary divergence in parasites
Authors: TINSLEY RICHARD C. , TINSLEY MATTHEW C. 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYFor parasitic platyhelminths that generally lack a fossil record, there is little information on the pathways of morphological change during evolution. Polystomatid monogeneans are notable for their evolutionary diversification, having originated from ancestors on fish and radiated in parallel with tetrapod vertebrates over more than 425 million years (My). This study focuses on the genusPolystomoidesthat occurs almost worldwide on freshwater chelonian reptiles. Morphometric data show a major divergence in structural adaptations for attachment; this correlates with a dichotomy in micro-environmental conditions in habitats within the hosts. Species infecting the urinary tract have attachment organs with large hamuli and small suckers; species in the oro-nasal tract differ fundamentally, having small hamuli and large suckers. Zoogeographical and molecular evidence supports ancient separation of these site-specific clades: a new genus is proposed –Uropolystomoides– containing urinary tract species distinct fromPolystomoides sensu strictoin oro-nasal sites. Aside from differences in attachment adaptations, body plans have probably changed little over perhaps 150 My. This case contrasts markedly with polystomatids in other vertebrate groups where major morphological changes have evolved over much shorter timescales; the chelonian parasites show highly stable morphology across their global distribution over a long period of evolution, exemplifying ‘living fossils’.
Thermodynamic properties of thermonuclear fuel in inertial confinement fusion
Authors: Brandon V. , Canaud B. , Temporal M. , Ramis R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHot-spot path in the thermodynamic space $({\rm \rho} R,T_{\rm i} )_{{\rm hs}} $ is investigated for direct-drive scaled-target family covering a huge interval of kinetic energy on both sides of kinetic threshold for ignition. Different peak implosion velocities and two initial aspect ratios have been considered. It is shown that hot spot follows almost the same path during deceleration up to stagnation whatever the target is. As attended, after stagnation, a clear distinction is done between non-, marginally-, or fully igniting targets. For the last, ionic temperature can reach very high values when the thermonuclear energy becomes very high.
Continuous mobility of mobile robots with a special ability for overcoming driving failure on rough terrain
Authors: Xu He , Gao X. Z. , Xu Yan , Wang Kaifeng , Yu Hongpeng , Li Zhen , Alipour Khalil , Ani Ozoemena Anthony 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYFor wheeled mobile robots moving in rough terrains or uncertain environments, driving failure will be encountered when trafficability failure occurs. Continuous mobility of mobile robots with special ability for overcoming driving failure on rough terrain has rarely been considered. This study was conducted using a four-wheel-steering and four-wheel-driving mobile robot equipped with a binocular visual system. First, quasi-static force analysis is carried out to understand the effects of different driving-failure modes on the mobile robot while moving on rough terrain. Secondly, to make the best of the rest of the driving force, robot configuration transformation is employed to select the optimal configuration that can overcome the driving failure. Thirdly, sliding mode control based on back-stepping is adopted to enable the robot achieve continuous trajectory tracking with visual feedback. Finally, the efficacy of the presented approach is verified by simulations and experiments.