bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Internalized Homophobia and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Crosby Richard A. , Salazar Laura F. , Mena Leandro , Geter Angelica 
Published: August 2016

Objective
To assess internalized homophobia (IH) and its relationship to sexual risk behaviors and prevalence of sexually transmitted infection (STIs) in a clinic-based sample of young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM).

Methods
Six hundred YBMSM completed a self-interview and provided specimens for testing. A 7-item scale assessed IH, and 19 sexual risk behaviors were assessed.

Results
In adjusted models, compared with men with less IH, those with greater IH were more likely to report: any condomless anal receptive sex (P = 0.01) and sex with women (P < 0.001). Alternatively, men with greater IH were less likely to: discuss acquired immune deficiency syndrome prevention with sex partners (P = 0.009), disclose their same sex sexual behavior to providers (P = 0.01), be tested for human immunodeficiency virus in the past 12 months (P = 0.04), report condomless oral sex (P = 0.049), and test RPR positive (P = 0.01).

Conclusions
With some exceptions, IH among YBMSM attending STI clinics may influence their sexual risk behaviors; however, STI prevalence was not associated with this construct.
Peer-Reviewed Journal Publication of Abstracts Presented at an International Emergency Medicine Scientific Meeting
Authors: Halickman Ryan , Scolnik Dennis , Rimon Ayelet , Glatstein Miguel Marcelo 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Scientific presentations at professional organization meetings have long been recognized as a method of providing up-to-date and novel information to both the medical and scientific community. After abstract presentation at a medical conference, the subsequent publication rate of full-text articles is variable, and few studies have examined this topic with respect to international emergency medicine conferences. This study's goals were to determine the publication rate of articles resulting from abstracts presented at the 12th International Conference on Emergency Medicine 2008 in San Francisco, Calif, and to compare this with data from the previous International Conference on Emergency Medicine 2006 conference in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. We found a reduction in publication rate from 33.2% in 2006 to 22.8% in 2008 and that the host country furnished a greater proportion of the abstracts. It would be interesting to examine how these potential trends played out over more extended periods.
Noise Texture Deviation
Authors: Morsbach Fabian , Desbiolles Lotus , Raupach Rainer , Leschka Sebastian , Schmidt Bernhard , Alkadhi Hatem 
Published: August 2016

Objectives
The aims of this study were to introduce the measure noise texture deviation as quantitative parameter for evaluating iterative reconstruction (IR)–specific artifacts in computed tomography (CT) images and to test whether IR-specific artifacts, quantified through this measure, are reduced in advanced modeled IR (ADMIRE) as compared with sinogram-affirmed IR (SAFIRE) images of the liver ex vivo and in patients with hypodense liver lesions.

Materials and Methods
In the ex vivo study part, an abdominal phantom was used. In the institutional review board–approved in vivo study part, 40 consecutive patients (mean age, 63 years) with hypodense liver lesions undergoing abdominal CT in the portal-venous phase were included. Images were reconstructed with filtered back projection, with the second-generation IR algorithm SAFIRE and with the third-generation IR algorithm ADMIRE. Noise power spectra and noise texture deviation were calculated in the phantom; image noise was measured in the phantom and in patients. Two blinded readers evaluated all image data regarding IR-specific artifacts (plastic-like, blotchy appearance); patient data were evaluated regarding conspicuity and confidence for detecting hypodense liver lesions.

Results
Image noise was significantly reduced at increasing IR levels (P < 0.001) with both algorithms, with no significant differences between corresponding strength levels of SAFIRE and ADMIRE (all, P > 0.05). Noise power spectra were similar at corresponding strength levels of SAFIRE and ADMIRE (all, P > 0.05). Noise texture deviation in ADMIRE was reduced compared with corresponding strength levels of SAFIRE (all, P < 0.001) and strongly correlated with subjective IR-specific artifacts (r = 0.88, P < 0.001). Iterative reconstruction–specific artifacts were significantly reduced in ADMIRE compared with that in SAFIRE images at strength levels 3 or greater, both ex vivo and in vivo (all, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the readers' ratings of lesion conspicuity and lesion confidence in detecting hypodense liver lesions between SAFIRE and ADMIRE (P > 0.05). Only lesion conspicuity was superior with SAFIRE and ADMIRE compared with filtered back projection (all, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Noise texture deviation is a quantitative measure reflecting IR-specific artifacts and is reduced in CT images with ADMIRE compared with SAFIRE.
Presumed Gadolinium Toxicity in Subjects With Normal Renal Function
Authors: Semelka Richard C. , Commander Clayton W. , Jay Michael , Burke Lauren M.B. , Ramalho Miguel 
Published: August 2016

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine and report 4 patients who developed symptomatology shortly after gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) administration.

Materials and Methods
History taking and targeted physical examination were performed on 4 subjects who reported development of new disease features within hours to 4 weeks of having received an intravenous administration of GBCA.

Results
Two subjects were assessed at 2 months (patient P2mo) and at 3 months (patient P3mo) after GBCA administration (early stage), and 2 subjects were assessed at 7 years (patient P7yr) and 8 years (patient P8yr) after having received GBCA administration (late stage). Clinical features were similar between subjects, and included central torso pain (all), peripheral arm and leg pain (all), clouded mentation (n = 2), and distal arm and leg skin thickening and rubbery subcutaneous tissue (one early and both late subjects). Gadolinium was detected as follows: in a 24-hour urine specimen, 1 month after disease development (18 μg/24 hours and 82 μg/24 hours in patients P2mo and P3mo, respectively); hair (0.0007 μg/g) and urine (0.0644 μg/g) samples, 7 years after disease development (late stage, patient P7yr); and saphenous vein sample, 8 years after disease development (0.27 ± 0.007 ng/62 mg sample) (late stage, patient P8yr).

Conclusions
Gadolinium toxicity may occur in subjects with normal renal function. Central torso and peripheral arm and leg distribution pain were common features. Distal arm and leg skin thickening and rubbery subcutaneous tissue were seen in late stages. Clouded mentation is also common. Vigilance to identify additional cases and investigate strategies for prevention and treatment is warranted to increase even further the safety of a very safe diagnostic procedure, GBCA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
Effect of Noise-Optimized Monoenergetic Postprocessing on Diagnostic Accuracy for Detecting Incidental Pulmonary Embolism in Portal-Venous Phase Dual-Energy Computed Tomography
Authors: Weiss Jakob , Notohamiprodjo Mike , Bongers Malte , Schabel Christoph , Mangold Stefanie , Nikolaou Konstantin , Bamberg Fabian , Othman Ahmed E. 
Published: August 2016

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of virtual monoenergetic images (MEI+) at low kiloelectronvolt levels for the detection of incidental pulmonary embolism (PE) in oncological follow-up portal-venous phase dual-energy (DE-CTpv) staging.

Materials and Methods
Twenty-six patients with incidental PE in DE-CTpv staging, which was confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), were included in this study. In addition, 26 matched control patients who were negative for PE in both DE-CTpv and CTPA were included. All examinations were performed on a third-generation DE-CT system in single-energy (CTPA) and dual-energy mode (DE-CTpv). Subsequently, 2 series of MEI+ data sets were reconstructed at 40 and 55 keV from the DE-CTpv data and compared with CTPA and the linearly blended CTpv images. Diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic confidence were calculated and compared for MEI+ reconstructions and for CTpv images regarding the detection of PE with CTPA as standard of reference.

Results
In 3 patients, PE was only detectable in CTPA and in the 40-kV and 55-kV MEI+ reconstructions but not in CTpv images. Diagnostic accuracy increased significantly for both MEI+ series (40 keV; area under the curve [AUC], 0.928; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.879–0.978; 55 keV; AUC, 0.960; 95% CI, 0.922–0.998) as compared with CTpv (AUC, 0.814; 95% CI, 0.741–0.887; P ≤ 0.004). Diagnostic confidence was rated highest in CTPA (median, 5; range, 3–5) followed by 55-keV MEI+ and 40-keV MEI+ (median, 5; range, 2–5 and median, 5; range, 2–5, respectively) and was lowest for CTpv (median, 4; range, 1–5), with significant differences to CTPA and MEI+ reconstructions (P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions
Monoenergetic image reconstructions from DE-CT data sets at low kiloelectronvolt levels improve diagnostic accuracy for the detection of incidental PE in oncological follow-up DE-CTpv staging, with the highest subjective diagnostic confidence in MEI+ at 55 keV.
Tuberculosis susceptibility and vaccine protection are independently controlled by host genotype
Authors: Smith Clare M. , Proulx Megan K. , Olive Andrew J. , Laddy Dominick , Mishra Bibhuti B. , Moss Caitlin , Martinez Gutierrez Nuria , Bellerose Michelle M. , Barreira-Silva Palmira , Phuah Jia Yao , Baker Richard E. , Behar Samuel M. , Kornfeld Hardy , Evans Thomas G. , Beamer Gillian , Sassetti Christopher M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe outcome ofMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) infection and the immunological response to the Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine are highly variable in humans. Deciphering the relative importance of host genetics, environment, and vaccine preparation on BCG efficacy has proven difficult in natural populations. We developed a model system that captures the breadth of immunological responses observed in outbred individuals, which can be used to understand the contribution of host genetics to vaccine efficacy. This system employs a panel of highly-diverse inbred mouse strains, consisting of the founders and recombinant progeny of the “Collaborative Cross”. Unlike natural populations, the structure of this panel allows the serial evaluation of genetically-identical individuals and quantification of genotype-specific effects of interventions such as vaccination. When analyzed in the aggregate, our panel resembled natural populations in several important respects; the animals displayed a broad range of Mtb susceptibility, varied in their immunological response to infection, and were not durably protected by BCG vaccination. However, when analyzed at the genotype level, we found that these phenotypic differences were heritable. Mtb susceptibility varied between lines, from extreme sensitivity to progressive Mtb clearance. Similarly, only a minority of the genotypes was protected by vaccination. BCG efficacy was genetically separable from susceptibility, and the lack of efficacy in the aggregate analysis was driven by nonresponsive lines that mounted a qualitatively distinct response to infection. These observations support an important role for host genetic diversity in determining BCG efficacy, and provide a new resource to rationally develop more broadly efficacious vaccines.Importance:Tuberculosis (TB) remains an urgent global health crisis, and the efficacy of the currently used TB vaccine,M. bovisBCG, is highly variable. The design of more broadly-efficacious vaccines depends on understanding the factors that limit the protection imparted by BCG. While these complex factors are difficult to disentangle in natural populations, we used a model population of mice to understand the role of host genetic composition to BCG efficacy. We found that the ability of BCG to protect an individual genotype was remarkably variable. BCG efficacy did not depend on the intrinsic susceptibility of the animal, but instead correlated with qualitative differences in the immune response to the pathogen. These studies suggest that host genetic polymorphism is a critical determinant of vaccine efficacy and provides a model system to develop interventions that will be useful in genetically diverse populations.
Rad51 catalytic mutants differentially affect the Rad51 nucleoprotein filamentin vivo
Authors: Mundia Maureen M. , Magwood Alissa C. , Baker Mark D. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIn this study, we utilized mouse hybridoma cell lines stably expressing ectopic wild-type Rad51, or the Rad51-K133A and Rad51-K133R catalytic mutants deficient in ATP binding and ATP hydrolysis, respectively, to investigate effects on the Rad51 nucleoprotein filamentin vivo. Immunoprecipitation studies reveal interactions between ectopic wild-type Rad51, Rad51-K133A and Rad51-K133R and endogenous Rad51, Brca2 and p53 proteins. Importantly, the expression of Rad51-K133A and Rad51-K133R catalytic mutants (but not wild-type Rad51) targets endogenous Rad51, Brca2 and p53 proteins for proteasome-mediated degradation. Expression of Rad51-K133R significantly reduces nascent DNA synthesis (3’ polymerization) during homologous recombination (HR), but the effects of Rad51-K133A on 3’ polymerization are considerably more severe. Provision of additional wild-type Rad51 in cell lines expressing Rad51-K133A or Rad51-K133R does not restore diminished levels of endogenous Brca2, Rad51 or p53, nor restore the deficiency in 3’ polymerization. Cells expressing Rad51-K133A are also significantly reduced in their capacity to drive strand exchange through regions of heterology. Our results reveal an interesting mechanistic dichotomy in the way mutant Rad51-K133A and Rad51-K133R proteins influence 3’ polymerization and provide novel insight into the mechanism of their dominant-negative phenotypes.
Pulsatile lipid vesicles under osmotic stress
Authors: Chabanon Morgan , Ho James C.S. , Liedberg Bo , Parikh Atul N. , Rangamani Padmini 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe response of lipid bilayers to osmotic stress is an important part of cellular function. Previously, in (Oglecka et al., 2014), we reported that cell-sized giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) exposed to hypotonic media, respond to the osmotic assault by undergoing a cyclical sequence of swelling and bursting events, coupled to the membrane’s compositional degrees of freedom. Here, we seek to deepen our quantitative understanding of the essential pulsatile behavior of GUVs under hypotonic conditions, by advancing a comprehensive theoretical model for vesicle dynamics. The model quantitatively captures our experimentally measured swell-burst parameters for single-component GUVs, and reveals that thermal fluctuations enable rate dependent pore nucleation, driving the dynamics of the swell-burst cycles. We further identify new scaling relationships between the pulsatile dynamics and GUV properties. Our findings provide a fundamental framework that has the potential to guide future investigations on the non-equilibrium dynamics of vesicles under osmotic stress.
Facebook as a platform for co-creating music festival experiences
Authors: Hoksbergen Emma , Insch Andrea 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address the need to understand how younger music festival-goers use and engage with a music festival’s Facebook page, and how they perceive this social networking service (SNS) as a potential on-line platform for value co-creation.

Design/methodology/approach
Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 young adults who attended an annual New Year’s Eve music festival, Rhythm and Vines, in Gisborne, New Zealand.

Findings
Analysis of the interview data revealed that the majority of participants did not actively engage with this platform and could be categorised as passive viewers or information-seekers. In addition, participants perceived five types of value from using this SNS: functional, social, emotional, interactive and aesthetic value. Even though participants were not segmented due to the small sample size, patterns in their levels of engagement with Facebook, attendance status, reasons for attending the festival and the combinations of forms of value that they perceived were identified.

Research limitations/implications
Future research should use a large-scale survey method to obtain a representative sample that is generalisable to a specific population of music festival-goers.

Practical implications
Dominance of features on Facebook providing festival-goers with functional value suggests they prefer a passive or co-optation approach to value co-creation in this context. Due to the limited extent of participants actively co-creating value on this platform, alternative means of encouraging interaction to co-create value with festival-goers should be investigated.

Originality/value
This study demonstrates that this SNS provides this group of young adults with a means to connect their real-time festival experience, with their on-line Facebook social network during the year.
Negotiating diasporic culture: festival collaborations and production networks
Authors: Booth Alison 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Within New Zealand, cultural festivals play a vital role in the local representation of diasporic cultures. By analysing the production design of festivals, in Auckland, New Zealand representing Indian culture between 1995 and 2015, the purpose of this paper is to create a deeper understanding of collaborative networks and power relationships. Using Richard’s pulsar/iterative network theory and Booth’s notion of cultural production networks, a new theoretical model is proposed to visually track the collaborative networks that sustain and bridge cultures, empower communities and fulfil political agendas.

Design/methodology/approach
This ethnographic research draws upon event management studies, industry practice, ethnomusicology and sociology to take a multi-disciplinary approach to an applied research project. Using Richards’ pulsar and iterative event framework Castells’ network theory, combined with qualitative data, this research considers critical collaborative relationships clusters and how they might impact on the temporal nature of festivals.

Findings
The 1997 Festival of Asia and the subsequent Lantern Festival in 2000 and Diwali: Festival of Lights in 2002 were pulsar events that played a significant role in collaborative networks that expand across cultures, countries and traditions. The subsequent iterative events have played a vital role in the representation of Asian cultural identity in general and, more specifically, representing of the city’s growing – in both size and cultural diversity – Indian diaspora.

Originality/value
This research proposes a new conceptual model on festival management and diasporic communities in the Asia-Pacific region. Richards’ and Booth’s conceptual models are used, as a starting point, to offer a new way of considering the importance of looking at collaborative relationships through historical perspectives. The framework explored contributes a new approach to cultural festival network theory and a means to understand the complexity of networks required that engage actors from inside and outside both local and global communities.
Analysis of the European Government Bonds and Debt after the European Financial Crisis
Authors: Chtourou Hassen 
Published: August 2016

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to determine the effects of the European debt crisis on the European government bonds.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, we present the European government bond; we explain the European debt crisis; and we examine the evolution of the European debt.FindingsOur results suggest that the increase of the European debt contributed to the increase of the risk and the default of the European debt and to the depreciation of the economies of the European countries.Originality/valueWe calculate the value of the European debt risks in normal cases and in the case of crisis with normal distribution.
Development Growth Models for Singapore and Malaysia: A Geweke Causality Analysis
Authors: Giap Tan Khee , Anh Nguyen Le Phuong , Denise Ye Ye 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Nearly five decades after undergoing a structural transformation and navigating several external shocks, both Singapore and Malaysia are now grappling with some crucial policy challenges that necessitate a course-correction in order to sustain their growth momentum, going forward. In light of the renewed interest in understanding the growth constraints faced by the two countries, this paper aims to empirically explore the drivers of economic growth in both Singapore and Malaysia, using data from 1975 to 2012.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper employs a novel empirical approach-the Geweke causality analysis-to investigate the causal drivers of economic growth in Singapore and Malaysia. Intuitively, the Geweke causality analysis helps us understand and measure the linear dependence and feedback between multiple time series variables. To that effect, we perform both a bi-variate as well as a multi-variate causality analysis.

Findings
The empirical results established using Geweke causality analysis suggest that Malaysia's new development trajectory should lie in rebalancing the economy toward greater domestic demand and building a robust services sector. The results also suggest that Singapore, on the other hand, should embrace a growth model that goes beyond relying heavily on foreign direct investment (FDI) as a source of economic growth as the linear dependence between FDI and real GDP growth appears to be weaker compared to the linear dependence between the remaining variables and the real GDP growth.

Originality/value
While the traditional growth accounting framework provides useful insights at the aggregate level, there is a growing literature that discusses the importance of sectoral analysis to understand structural transformations in the economies which become important to sustain productivity growth in the long-run. This is immensely relevant in the case of Malaysia and Singapore, as well, especially with the changing policy focus in these countries to overcome structural growth issues. In light of this growing discussion on the importance of understanding the growth dynamics at the sectoral level, this paper presents new empirical evidence on the growth drivers in Singapore and Malaysia with a sectoral focus.