bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foetal outcome of Leptospira and Rickettsial infections during pregnancy: a systematic review
Authors: Sengupta Mallika , T Latha , Mandal Soumitra , Mukhopadhyay Kaushik 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Leptospirosis and rickettsial infections are bacterial zoonoses prevalent in different geographical locations and presents with overlapping symptoms.

Objective
To identify foetal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with rickettsial infections, including scrub typhus and leptospirosis, along with their associated factors.

Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL (Cochrane), Web of Science, PsycINFO, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, and Embase using defined search terms. Studies involving pregnant women with diagnosed leptospirosis and rickettsial infections, including scrub typhus, were selected. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts using the Rayyan Web interface. Data extraction was performed in Microsoft Excel, with Zotero for reference management. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. Data synthesis included narrative analysis.

Results
Fifty-four studies were included: 22 on scrub typhus, 14 on rickettsial infection, 16 on leptospirosis, and 2 on all three infections. Of 176 scrub typhus cases, 53 resulted in foetal loss and 3 in neonatal death. Among 38 rickettsial infection cases, 4 had foetal loss. Out of 63 leptospirosis cases, 13 experienced foetal loss. Six maternal deaths occurred due to scrub typhus and one due to Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

Conclusion
Leptospirosis and rickettsial infections, including scrub typhus, are important causes of pregnancy loss. Further research is needed to better understand and mitigate these risks in pregnant women.
Different Risk Factors between Bony and Ligamentous Proximal Junctional Failure in Patients Undergoing Thoracolumbar Fusion to Pelvis for Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Park Se-Jun , Park Jin-Sung , Kang Dong-Ho , Kang Minwook , Jung Kyunghun , Lee Chong-Suh 
Published: September 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective study

Objective.
To analyze the risk factors for bony proximal junctional failure (B-PJF) and ligamentous PJF (L-PJF) separately after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery

Summary of Background Data.
Despite numerous studies about the risk factors of PJF, it remains unclear whether same risk factors can be applied to both B-PJF and L-PJF.

Methods.
Patients who underwent corrective surgery from low thoracic level (T9-T12) to pelvis with minimum follow-up duration of two years were included in this study. Patients with PJF were divided into two groups according to the involvement of bony structure: B-PJF and L-PJF. The control group was created using patients who did not develop PJF for ≥2 years postoperatively (no-PJF group). Risk factors were analyzed by comparing various clinical and radiographic parameters between no PJF versus B-PJF group and between no PJF versus L-PJF groups.

Results.
The final study cohort comprised 240 patients. The mean age was 68.7 years, and there were 205 women (85.4%). On average, 8.1 levels were fused. PJF developed in 103 patients, with 70 (68.0%) in the B-PJF group and 33 (32.0%) in the L-PJF group. Stepwise logistic regression analyses revealed that older age (odds ratio [OR]=1.088), higher body mass index (BMI) (OR=1.161), osteoporosis (OR=3.293), greater postoperative lumbar distribution index (OR=1.032), and overcorrection relative to the age-adjusted pelvic incidence - lumbar lordosis (OR=3.964) were significant risk factors for B-PJF. Meanwhile, no use of transverse process (TP) hook was the single risk factor for L-PJF (OR=4.724).

Conclusions.
Understanding the difference in risk factors between B-PJF and L-PJF will facilitate the optimization of surgical outcome for patients with ASD. Appropriate correction of sagittal malalignment along with use of TP hook is advisable to mitigate both B-PJF and L-PJF development.
The Case of Dolutegravir Plus Darunavir Antiretroviral Regimens: Is It Always Useful to Double the Drug Doses? A Short Communication
Authors: Cattaneo Dario , Ridolfo Anna Lisa , Giacomelli Andrea , Castagna Antonella , Dolci Alberto , Antinori Spinello , Gervasoni Cristina 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Antiretroviral drug combinations affect dolutegravir trough concentrations. Here, the authors focused on dolutegravir plus booster darunavir antiretroviral regimens to investigate the effect of the booster and/or timing of drug administration on dolutegravir and darunavir plasma trough concentrations.

Methods:
This retrospective observational study included consecutive people with HIV (PWH) receiving dolutegravir plus booster darunavir antiretroviral regimens for at least 3 months, with at least one assessment of dolutegravir and darunavir plasma trough concentrations.

Results:
A total of 200 drug therapeutic drug monitoring results from 116 PWH were included. Dolutegravir and darunavir trough concentrations ranged, respectively, from 70 to 3648 mcg/L and from 102 to 11,876 mcg/L. The antiretroviral drug combination associated with the highest dolutegravir trough concentration was dolutegravir plus darunavir/cobicistat, both once daily (1410 ± 788 mcg/L), whereas dolutegravir once daily plus darunavir/ritonavir twice daily had the lowest trough concentrations (686 ± 481 mcg/L). Doubling the dose of dolutegravir did not significantly increase drug trough concentrations compared with that of once-daily regimens. Instead, the highest darunavir trough concentrations were with ritonavir (2850 ± 1456 mcg/L, P < 0.05 versus cobicistat-based regimens). Doubling the drug dose resulted in a significant increase in the darunavir trough concentration (4445 ± 2926 mcg/L, P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Dolutegravir trough concentrations were significantly reduced in PWH receiving darunavir/ritonavir twice daily. This evidence should be carefully considered in clinical conditions requiring higher dolutegravir exposure, such as in the presence of drug–drug interactions with drugs known to reduce dolutegravir bioavailability or in highly experienced PWH.
Successful rehabilitation after surgical repair of hip fracture has been associated with handgrip strength but not with orthostatic hypotension in patients 65 years of age and above
Authors: Hilali Abdu El Karim , Shacham David , Frenkel Reut , Abu-Ajaj Ahmed , Zikrin Evgeniya , Freud Tamar , Press Yan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
The identification of factors associated with successful rehabilitation after hip fractures enables more successful planning of the rehabilitation process and discharge from the hospital. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) and handgrip strength (HGS) have been evaluated in previous studies as potential predictors of rehabilitation outcomes, with inconsistent results.

Design
A retrospective study of patients 65 years of age and above who underwent rehabilitation after surgical repair of hip fracture in the Geriatric Department between July 2020 and October 2023. HGS was measured during the first three days of hospitalization using a digital dynamometer. OH was measured a week after admission to the ward by the tilt table test. Successful rehabilitation was defined as a Montebello Rehabilitation Factor Score Revised (MRFS-R) above 50%.

Results
Data were collected for 253 patients. The mean age was 80.5 ± 7.7 and 32.4% were males. The mean HGS was 17.2 ± 6.6 kg. OH was diagnosed in 32.8%. 193 patients (76.3%) reached the goal of MRFS-R ≥ 50 at the end of the rehabilitation. In a logistic regression analysis HGS, cognitive state, and sex were associated with successful rehabilitation.

Conclusions
Measuring HGS, but not OH, can predict successful rehabilitation.
Evaluating the Impact of Robotic IPAA
Authors: Violante Tommaso , Ferrari Davide , Novelli Marco , Behm Kevin T. , Perry William R. , Mathis Kellie L. , Dozois Eric J. , Merchea Amit , Shawki Sherief S. , Larson David W. 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
To compare robotic-assisted proctectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (R-IPAA) outcomes and laparoscopic proctectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (L-IPAA) within a specialized robotic surgery center, using matching techniques to minimize potential confounding factors.

Summary Background Data:
Minimally invasive approaches, particularly laparoscopy, have improved outcomes for IBD and FAP patients undergoing IPAA. Robotic-assisted surgery offers potential technical advantages, but its definitive superiority over laparoscopy in this context remains under debate.

Methods:
This retrospective, STROBE-compliant study analyzed 234 consecutive IPAA patients (117 robotic, 117 laparoscopic). Data encompassed patient demographics, intraoperative details, and postoperative outcomes. We employed various matching techniques to address potential bias. Primary endpoints focused on 30-day complications, readmissions, and reoperations, with secondary endpoints including hospital stay, blood loss, and stoma closure rates.

Results:
R-IPAA demonstrated a lower conversion rate to open surgery (P=0.02), a shorter hospital stay (P=0.04), and reduced blood loss (P=0.0003) compared to L-IPAA. While overall 30-day morbidity rates were similar (P=0.4), matched analyses suggested a trend towards fewer reoperations and 3-month IPAA-associated complications after diverting loop ileostomy closure in the robotic group. However, these differences did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions:
In a high-volume robotic surgery center, R-IPAA reduced the risk of conversion to open surgery while reducing intraoperative blood loss and providing shorter length of stay with equivalent perioperative outcomes. Promising trends to reduce 30-day reoperations and surgical complications following DLI closure were observed after a matching analysis.
Direct Measurement of DCD Donor Potential
Authors: Mone Tom , Rosenthal Tom , Seto Tom 
Published: September 2024

Background.
Existing methods of comparing organ procurement organization (OPO) performance use administrative data to indirectly measure donation after circulatory death (DCD). The purpose of this study was to categorize and quantify reasons that potential DCD donors do not progress to donation to facilitate the direct measurement of OPO donor potential.

Methods.
Records of all 18 685 potential organ donors referred to the organ procurement agency OneLegacy in 2021 and 2022 were reviewed, and reasons that cases did not proceed to donation were categorized and quantified. All hospital deaths were reviewed through tissue referrals and chart audits to assess whether potential organ donors were not referred.

Results.
There were 8349 potential DCD donors. Of these, 5640 cases were ruled out for clinical reasons, and 1458 cases were ruled out for factors unique to DCD, such as ventilation, which was never withdrawn. Of the 1251 ruled in for the family approach to donation consent, there were ultimately 191 donors with organs transplanted.

Conclusions.
OPO donor potential calculated from referral and hospital death record reviews is substantially lower than donor potential determined by administrative data, validating the need for direct measurement for regulatory purposes and performance improvement. For a usable direct measure of donor potential, DCD donor criteria must be codified, electronic donor records optimized, and audit processes developed.
Outcomes of percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage versus percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for obstructive jaundice
Authors: Azami Tetsushi , Takano Yuichi , Tamai Naoki , Noda Jun , Yamawaki Masataka , Niiya Fumitaka , Maruoka Naotaka , Nishimoto Fumiya , Ishihara Akira , Nagahama Masatsugu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPercutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) is an alternative to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) for cases of obstructive jaundice in which the bile duct obstruction is below the confluence of the cystic ducts. The present study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of PTGBD and PTBD in patients with obstructive jaundice. This study enrolled patients who had undergone percutaneous biliary drainage for acute cholangitis and obstructive jaundice at two institutions between January 2017 and March 2024. Fifty-five patients were included in this analysis. However, patients with intrahepatic or hilar bile duct stenosis, post choledocholithiasis, complex cholecystitis, total bilirubin levels < 2.0 mg/dL, and uncorrectable bleeding tendency and those who had undergone the procedure and later discontinued without puncture were excluded. The technical success rates, clinical success rates, and complication rates of the procedure were evaluated. The technical success rates were 96.3% (26/27) in the PTGBD group and 82.1% (13/28) in the PTBD group. The clinical success rates were 85.2% (23/27) in the PTGBD group and 67.9% (19/28) in the PTBD group. The complication rates were 11.1% (3/27) in the PTGBD group and 17.9% (5/28) in the PTBD group. Hence, the two groups did not significantly differ in any of the endpoints. The outcomes of PTGBD were comparable to those of PTBD in patients with obstructive jaundice. Hence, PTGBD is a reasonable treatment option for cases of obstructive jaundice in which PTBD is not feasible.
Structural and molecular basis of the epistasis effect in enhanced affinity between SARS-CoV-2 KP.3 and ACE2
Authors: Feng Leilei , Sun Zhaoxi , Zhang Yuchen , Jian Fanchong , Yang Sijie , Yu Lingling , Wang Jing , Shao Fei , Wang Xiangxi , Cao Yunlong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants KP.2 and KP.3 has been marked by mutations F456L/R346T and F456L/Q493E, respectively, which significantly impact the virus’s interaction with human ACE2 and its resistance to neutralizing antibodies. KP.3, featuring F456L and Q493E, exhibits a markedly enhanced ACE2 binding affinity compared to KP.2 and the JN.1 variant due to synergistic effects between these mutations. This study elucidated the structures of KP.2 and KP.3 RBD in complex with ACE2 using cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) and decipher the structural and thermodynamic implications of these mutations on receptor binding by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, revealing that F456L mutation facilitates a more favorable binding environment for Q493E, leading to stronger receptor interactions which consequently enhance the potential for incorporating additional evasive mutations. These results underscore the importance of understanding mutational epistatic interactions in predicting SARS-CoV-2 evolution and optimizing vaccine updates. Continued monitoring of such epistatic effects is crucial for anticipating new dominant strains and preparing appropriate public health responses.
Phenome-Wide Association ofAPOEAlleles in theAll of UsResearch Program
Authors: Khajouei Ehsan , Ghisays Valentina , Piras Ignazio S. , Martinez Kiana L. , Naymik Marcus , Ngo Preston , Tran Tam C. , Denny Joshua C. , Wheeler Travis J. , Huentelman Matthew J. , Reiman Eric M. , Karnes Jason H. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundGenetic variation inAPOEis associated with altered lipid metabolism, as well as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease risk. However, prior studies are largely limited to European ancestry populations and differential risk by sex and ancestry has not been widely evaluated. We utilized a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) approach to exploreAPOE- associated phenotypes in theAll of UsResearch Program.MethodsWe determinedAPOEalleles for 181,880All of Usparticipants with whole genome sequencing and electronic health record (EHR) data, representing seven gnomAD ancestry groups. We tested association ofAPOEvariants, ordered based on Alzheimer’s disease risk hierarchy (ε2/ε2<ε2/ε3<ε3/ε3<ε2/ε4<ε3/ε4<ε4/ε4), with 2,318 EHR-derived phenotypes. Bonferroni-adjusted analyses were performed overall, by ancestry, by sex, and with adjustment for social determinants of health (SDOH).FindingsIn the overall cohort, PheWAS identified 17 significant associations, including an increased odds of hyperlipidemia (OR 1.15 [1.14–1.16] perAPOEgenotype group;P=1.8×10-129), dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease (OR 1.55 [1.40–1.70];P=5×10-19), and a reduced odds of fatty liver disease (OR 0.93 [0.90–0.95];P=1.6×10-9) and chronic liver disease. ORs were similar after SDOH adjustment and by sex, except for an increased number of cardiovascular associations in males, and decreased odds of noninflammatory disorders of vulva and perineum in females (OR 0.89 [0.84–0.94];P=1.1×10-5). Significant heterogeneity was observed for hyperlipidemia and mild cognitive impairment across ancestry. Unique associations by ancestry included transient retinal arterial occlusion in the European ancestry group, and first-degree atrioventricular block in the American Admixed/Latino ancestry group.InterpretationWe replicate extensive phenotypic associations withAPOEalleles in a large, diverse cohort, despite limitations in accuracy for EHR-derived phenotypes. We provide a comprehensive catalog ofAPOE-associated phenotypes and present evidence of unique phenotypic associations by sex and ancestry, as well as heterogeneity in effect size across ancestry.FundingFunding is listed in the acknowledgements.
From “chosen ones” to “leftovers”: a historical analysis of China's vocational education and training system, 1949–2023
Authors: Hao Tiancong , Wang Weiping , Wang Geng , Yang Qiuyue , Ma Kang 
Published: September 2024

PurposeThis paper examines students’ educational choices in vocational education and training (VET) to understand the low reputation of vocational education in China. By analysing the individualisation of these choices within structural and individual relationships, the study explores how the decline of state endorsement and the shift towards rational, individualistic actions influence students' decisions.Design/methodology/approachMultiple types of data were collected in this study, including administrative records, interviews and autobiographical stories, which were analysed using individualisation theory.FindingsThe research indicated three historical periods of the educational choice of Chinese VET students. Stage one (1978–1991) saw vocational education treated as “the first choice” for graduates. Stage two (1992–2000) was marked by the polarisation of educational choice during the social transition from a socialist planned economy to a market economy. During this period, more students started to choose academic high schools over vocational schools, even though the latter still had certain advantages for attracting the better-performing students. The third stage (2001-now) is a time in which vocational education is viewed as “the last choice” under the socialist market economy system. During this period, junior high school graduates prefer to enrol in academic high schools rather than in vocational schools. Aligned with the overall individualisation trend in Chinese society, vocational education decisions situated between societal structures and individuals are also experiencing a shift towards more micro-level individualized behaviours.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper provides a historical analysis of education and training provision in China and the complexity of students’ educational choices, revealing the influencing factors across different stages.Originality/valueThis paper draws a comprehensive analysis of the developmental trajectory of vocational education in China across different historical periods, notably under the socialist planned economy and the socialist market economy systems.
Adoption of HR analytics for future-proof decision making: role of attitude toward artificial intelligence as a moderator
Authors: Arora Simple , Chaudhary Priya , Singh Reetesh K. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relationship between the adoption of human resource (HR) analytics and managerial decision-making (DM), with attitude toward artificial intelligence (AI) as a potential moderator.

Design/methodology/approach
This study was conducted in three phases. In Phase I, a comprehensive scale to measure the “Adoption of HR analytics” was conceptualized and developed. In Phase II, the scale was validated and operationalized. Finally, in Phase III, a survey of 377 managers was conducted, and a conceptual model was validated using structural equation modeling.

Findings
This study reveals that the adoption of HR analytics (HRA) and a positive attitude toward AI significantly influence DM. The findings suggest that the structural factors play the most important role in the adoption of HRA, followed by individual factors, value and system support.

Practical implications
These findings hold valuable implications for managers seeking integration of HRA and AI within organizational systems and processes. HR practitioners can evaluate their organization’s readiness for HRA, enabling them to build a future-proof workforce with the necessary skills. It can help managers make the adoption of AI-enabled HRA a reality. The study also helps to remove inhibitions and concerns of HR managers and employees related to AI.

Originality/value
This paper addresses the methodological, practical knowledge and evidence gap in the area of adoption of HRA and DM. It sheds light on the “future of work” in HR, highlighting a potential shift toward human-AI collaboration.
Green leadership and innovation: catalysts for environmental performance in Italian manufacturing
Authors: Ahsan Muhammad Junaid 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This quantitative study, rooted in the resource-based view (RBV) theory, aims to investigate the relationships among green transformational leadership, green process innovation, employee environmental beliefs and firm environmental performance in Italian manufacturing companies. This study unfolds a nuanced narrative of how strategic green transformational leadership, coupled with environmentally conscious processes, can synergistically enhance an organization's overall environmental performance.

Design/methodology/approach
The multi-item survey questionnaire used in this study was distributed to leaders in a diverse sample of Italian companies. A total of 296 valid responses were obtained from the surveys. The collected data were analysed using statistical methods such as correlation, confirmatory factor and structural equation modelling using SPSS software.

Findings
The direct influence of green transformational leadership on firm environmental performance is supported. It also confirms the positive impact of green process innovation on environmental outcomes. It identifies green process innovation as a mediator between green transformational leadership and firm environmental performance, and employee environmental beliefs moderate the link between green transformational leadership and firm environmental performance.

Research limitations/implications
This research contributes by advancing understanding within the RBV framework by elucidating the specific mechanisms through which green transformational leadership programs promote green process innovation, enhance environmental performance for organizational success, achieve sustainability goals and foster collaboration and stakeholder engagement.

Practical implications
This study emphasizes the significance of establishing green leadership programs, encouraging green process innovation and systematically monitoring environmental performance to accomplish organizational success and sustainability goals.

Originality/value
This study presents a novel and original examination by integrating the RBV theory on the relationships between green transformational leadership, green process innovation and firm environmental performance, shedding new light on the role of employee environmental beliefs.