bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response to Endurance Exercise Training in Older Adults with Heart Failure with Preserved or Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Pandey Ambarish , Kitzman Dalane W. , Brubaker Peter , Haykowsky Mark J. , Morgan Timothy , Becton J. Thomas , Berry Jarett D. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo systematically examine the relative magnitude and predictors of responses to exercise training in older adult with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and preserved EF (HFpEF).DesignSecondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.SettingOutpatient cardiac rehabilitation program.ParticipantsIndividuals with HF (24 HFrEF, 24 HFpEF) who underwent supervised exercise training.MeasurementsThe study included individual‐level data from the exercise training arms of a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effect of 16 weeks of supervised moderate‐intensity endurance exercise training in older adults with chronic, stable HFpEF and HFrEF. Changes in peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) in response to supervised training in individuals with HFpEF were compared with that of individuals with HFrEF. The significant clinical predictors of changes in VO2peak with exercise training were assessed using univariate and multivariate regression models.ResultsTraining‐related improvement in VO2peak was higher in participants with HFpEF than in those with HFrEF (change: 18.7 ± 17.6% vs −0.3 ± 15.4%, P < .001). In univariate analysis, echocardiographic abnormalities in left ventricular structure and function and lower body mass index were associated with blunted response of VO2peak with exercise training. In multivariate regression analysis using stepwise selection, submaximal exercise systolic blood pressure, and resting early deceleration time were independent predictors of change in VO2peak.ConclusionThe change in VO2peak in response to endurance exercise training in older adults with HF differs significantly according to HF subtype, with greater VO2peak improvement in HFpEF than HFrEF. These results suggest that the current Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services policy excluding individuals with HFpEF from reimbursement from cardiac rehabilitation may need to be revisited.
Arabidopsis Forkhead‐Associated Domain Protein 3 negatively regulates peroxisome division
Authors: Desai Mintu , Pan Ronghui , Hu Jianping 
Published: March 2017

SummaryPeroxisomes are ubiquitous and dynamic eukaryotic organelles capable of altering their abundance in response to environmental and developmental cues, yet the regulatory mechanism of plant peroxisome division/proliferation is unclear. To identify transcriptional regulators of the peroxisome division factor gene PEX11b, we performed a nuclear pull‐down experiment and identified Arabidopsis Forkhead‐Associated Domain Protein 3 (FHA3) as a novel protein that binds to the promoter of PEX11b. Our data supported the conclusion that, in contrast to the previously identified HY5 HOMOLOG (HYH) protein that promotes the transcription of PEX11b, FHA3 is a negative regulator of PEX11b expression and peroxisome division.
Parental attributions for positive behaviours in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Bussanich P. , Hartley S. L. , Bolt D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe present study examined parental attributions for positive child behaviour in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their association with parent outcomes.MethodIn total, 175 couples who had a child with ASD (5–12 years) completed measures about the child's positive behaviour, ASD symptoms, functional skills and negative behaviour problems, and their own positive and negative affect and closeness in the parent–child relationship. A comparison group of 170 couples who had a child without a neurodevelopmental disability also completed measures.ResultsDyadic multilevel models were conducted. Parents of children with ASD believed that their child's positive behaviour was due to factors less internal to the child, less stable and less controllable by the child than the comparison group. Beliefs about stability were associated with closeness in the parent–child relationship. Child age and level of impairment and parent education were associated with parental attributions.ConclusionsInterventions that alter parental attributions may offer pathways to increase closeness in the parent–child relationship.
Schoolteachers and National “Public” Education in Honduras: Navigating the Reforms and Refounding the State
Authors: Levy Jordan D. 
Published: March 2017

ResumenEste artículo examina el trabajo de los maestros en la Honduras pos‐golpe mientras navegan a través del primer año de reformas al sector educativo, el cual intenta privatizar y descentralizar el sistema de educación pública del país. Desde el golpe de estado de junio de 2009, los maestros hondureños han sido líderes del movimiento de resistencia contra el golpe que ahora desafía el actual estatus quo y propone ‘refundar’ el estado. A pesar de que los maestros hondureños están en desacuerdo con estas reformas y otros aspectos de la práctica gubernamental pos‐golpe, en el fondo ellos son los agentes del estado responsables por implementar estas nuevas políticas educativas. Basándome en mi investigación etnográfica en el Departamento de Valle, ubicado en el sur, yo exploro la naturaleza contradictoria del trabajo de agentes del estado vista desde la perspectiva de las políticas educativas y de cómo la legislación realmente se pone en práctica.
Minimising central line‐associated bloodstream infection rate in inserting central venous catheters in the adult intensive care units
Authors: Hina Hedaya Rateb , McDowell Joan R. S. 
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectivesTo investigate the procedural aspects in inserting central venous catheters that minimise central line‐associated bloodstream infection rates in adult intensive care units through a structured literature review.BackgroundIn adult intensive care units, central line‐associated bloodstream infections are a major cause of high mortality rates and increased in costs due to the consequences of complications.MethodsEligible articles were identified by combining indexed keywords using Boolean operator of “AND” under databases of Ovid and CINAHL. Titles and abstract of retrieved papers were screened and duplicates removed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to derive the final papers, which contained seminal studies. The quality of papers was assessed using a special data extraction form.ResultsThe number of papers retrieved from all databases was 337, reduced to 302 after removing duplicates. Papers were scanned for titles and abstract to locate those relevant to the review question. After this, 250 papers were excluded for different reasons and a total of 52 papers were fully accessed to assess for eligibility. The final number of papers included was 10 articles.ConclusionMany interventions can be implemented in the adult intensive care unit during the insertion of a central venous catheter to minimise central line‐associated bloodstream infections rates. These include choosing the subclavian site to insert the catheters as the least infectious and decolonising patients' skin with alcoholic chlorhexidine gluconate preparation due to its broad antimicrobial effect and durability.Relevance to clinical practiceChoosing optimal sites for central venous catheter insertion is a complex process that relies on many factors. Furthermore, the introduction of chlorhexidine gluconate preparations should be accompanied with multifaceted interventions including quality improvement initiatives to improve healthcare workers' compliance. As a quality marker in adult intensive care units, healthcare sectors should work on establishing benchmarks with other sectors around the world.
Same‐Ethnic, Interethnic, and Interracial Friendships Among Asian Early Adolescents
Authors: Chen Xiaochen , Graham Sandra 
Published: March 2017

This study examined the psychological functions of three friendship types (i.e., same ethnic, interethnic, and interracial) in a sample of 785 sixth‐grade Asian students (Mage = 11.5 years). Participants listed their friends in sixth grade and whether each nominated friend was the same or a different ethnic group. They also reported on their ethnic identity, intergroup relations, and perceived school safety. Results showed that same‐ethnic friendships were related to stronger ethnic identity and interracial friendships were uniquely related to school safety. Interethnic friendships (an Asian friend from a different country of origin) when perceived as same ethnic functioned similarly to same‐ethnic friendships, whereas interethnic friendships perceived as from a different ethnic group, like interracial friendships, were associated with better intergroup relations. Implications for studying friendships in ethnically diverse samples are discussed.
Missed opportunities for antimicrobial stewardship in pre‐school children admitted to hospital with lower respiratory tract infection
Authors: Walls Tony , Stark Erika , Pattemore Philip , Jennings Lance 
Published: March 2017

AimTo describe the usage of multiplex polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples in pre‐school children presenting with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) at Christchurch Hospital, and its impact on the use of antibiotics empirically and at discharge.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 237 children, ages 3 months to 5 years, admitted to hospital during the winter months of 2012–2015 with a diagnosis of community‐acquired LRTI. Children were identified by discharge coding and their notes reviewed.ResultsA significantly larger proportion of children who had a NPS sample taken (42/146, 36%) received no empiric antibiotics compared with children who did not have a sample taken (7/91, 7.7%, P < 0.001). Of those who did have a NPS sample taken 17 of 146 (11.6%) had their antibiotics discontinued prior to or at the time of discharge compared with only 3 of 91 (3.3%) of those who did not have a NPS sample (P < 0.025). Children with influenza detected were more likely to receive no antibiotics or have their antibiotics discontinued prior to or at discharge. Only a small proportion of children with other viruses identified had their antibiotics discontinued.ConclusionsIt appears that clinicians were generally reluctant to stop antibiotics prior to discharge in young children with LRTI in whom influenza or other viruses were identified. In our view, it makes sense to stop antibiotics when the clinical presentation and NPS testing is consistent with a viral aetiology. Not stopping antibiotics at or before discharge in these children represents a missed opportunity for antimicrobial stewardship.
Community Paramedicine Applied in a Rural Community
Authors: Bennett Kevin J. , Yuen Matt W. , Merrell Melinda A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractResearch ObjectiveAbbeville County Emergency Management Services (ACEMS) began a community paramedicine (CP) program to utilize trained paramedics to serve patients who frequently use the emergency department (ED) and have 1 or more of the following diagnoses: hypertension, diabetes, chronic heart failure, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The objective of this study was to determine if the CP program reduced ED visits in Abbeville while improving patient outcomes.DesignA pre/posttest with a comparison group study design was used to evaluate the CP program. The study population had 193 patients (68 enrollees and 125 comparisons) who resided in Abbeville County, South Carolina. Frequent users of the ED were recruited and enrolled in the program by Abbeville Area Medical Center (AAMC) staff starting in October 2013. Records from both AAMC and ACEMS were examined to determine the impact of the CP program.ResultsHypertensive patients decreased an average of 7.2 mmHg (P < .0001) in systolic blood pressure and 4.0 mmHg (p < .0001) in diastolic blood pressure. Diabetic patients decreased blood glucose by an average of 33.7 mmol/L (p = .0013). Following enrollment into the program, CP participants decreased ED visits by 58.7% and inpatient visits by 68.8%. Conversely, the comparison group increased ED visits by 4.0% and inpatient visits by 187.5%.ConclusionsThe CP program demonstrated a meaningful difference in the health of participants while reducing their health care utilization. CP patients reduced their ED and inpatient use, required less intensive care, had better health outcomes, and reduced health expenses to the community.
Size, season and offspring sex affect milk composition and juvenile survival in wild kangaroos
Authors: Quesnel L. , MacKay A. , Forsyth D. M. , Nicholas K. R. , Festa‐Bianchet M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe main component of mammalian maternal care is milk production. The composition of milk has been hypothesized to determine offspring survival, and to vary with offspring sex. Few studies, however, have examined variation in milk composition of wild mammals in seasonal environments, where environmental conditions can impact the ability of mothers to provide care. We investigated individual differences in milk composition and offspring survival in wild eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus). We analyzed total protein and lipid concentrations in 103 milk samples from 91 females over 2 years. In a year of low forage production, few females that lactated were in poorer condition and produced milk of lower energy content compared to females lactating in a year of high forage production. Females nursing in late winter produced milk with more lipids compared to females at the same stage of lactation in late spring, whose milk had a higher proportion of protein. The milk of larger females contained more protein than lipid, and females in better condition allocated higher proportions of protein to sons than to daughters. Increased protein concentration in milk was correlated with offspring longevity, and this effect was stronger for sons than daughters. A seasonally modulated lactation strategy enables the adjustment of milk composition to available resources. Condition‐specific protein allocation in favor of sons for mothers of higher caring ability suggests adaptive sex‐biased maternal care in this highly sexually dimorphic mammal.
Impact of Changes in Consumer Preferences on Sectoral Labour Reallocation: Evidence from the Italian Economy
Authors: Addessi William , Pulina Manuela , Sallusti Federico 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study empirically investigates the impact of changes in consumer preferences on labour reallocation across the Italian economic sectors. For this purpose, coherent sectoral time series of consumer preferences and labour units are constructed from Italian national accounts and consumption expenditure data. In line with recent firm‐level evidence, empirical findings indicate a positive and significant effect of preference changes on labour reallocation. Results are robust to several econometric specifications, different procedures to elicit preference changes, as well as the introduction of time‐varying price coefficient and sector‐specific effects of total consumption expenditure.
Monetary Policy and Macroprudential Policy: New Evidence from a World Panel of Countries
Authors: Apergis Nicholas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe event of the recent financial crisis raises the question of whether policy makers could have done more or something different to prevent the build‐up of financial imbalances. This paper contributes to the field of regulatory impact by tackling the debate on whether central banks should ‘lean against the wind’, while in case the response is positive, how macroprudential policies should be combined with monetary policy. Using an augmented Taylor rule and a sample of 127 global economies, the results provide evidence on the importance of macroprudential issues for the implementation of an effective monetary policy. They also document that the type of adopted macroprudential instrument has a substantial effect on such effectiveness, with this policy mix being less ‘integrated’ when the monetary rule aims at primarily safeguarding inflation stability. The results survive robustness checks under alternative assets.
Dorsal Column Stimulation vs. Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Confined to the Knee: Patients’ Preference Following the Trial Period
Authors: van Bussel Catelijne M. , Stronks Dirk L. , Huygen Frank J.P.M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPatients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) confined to the knee are often therapy resistant. Neurostimulation is an accepted treatment for CRPS. Although results with dorsal column (DC) stimulation in patients with CRPS confined to the knee are often disappointing, the availability of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation may provide new opportunities for this complaint. Therefore, this study explores patients’ preference for DC stimulation vs. DRG stimulation in treating chronic pain due to CRPS confined to the knee.MethodsA prospective, observational crossover cohort study was conducted comparing 2 methods of neurostimulation, in randomized order, in patients with CRPS confined to the knee. After receiving DC and DRG stimulation during a trial period of 16 days, patients were asked which of the 2 methods they preferred. Patients with a successful trial period with one or both stimulation methods received a fully implantable system.ResultsTwelve patients were included. After finishing the trial period, 10 patients (83.3%) preferred DRG stimulation and 2 (16.7%) preferred DC stimulation (P = 0.04).ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study to compare these 2 neurostimulation methods in patients with CRPS confined to the knee. Results show that the probability of the preference for either neurostimulation treatment significantly deviates from chance in favor of DRG stimulation.
Plant essential oils as fish diet additives: benefits on fish health and stability in feed
Authors: Sutili Fernando J. , Gatlin Delbert M. , Heinzmann Berta M. , Baldisserotto Bernardo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNutritional strategies focused on the use of phytochemicals as modulators of immunological and physiological responses, as well as antistress and antioxidant therapies and health promoters of the gastrointestinal tract have attracted increased interest in animal production. Over the past two decades, several studies have reported positive results of using plant essential oils (EOs) as dietary additive in several farm animal species. Recently, these nutritional alternatives have been evaluated and reported in fish production in order to enhance the resistance to diseases and prevent outbreaks, as well as to improve fish growth, animal welfare and feed utilization. However, despite the diverse and relevant biological activities reported, these phytochemicals are composed of often unstable and volatile molecules, which makes the chemical and physical characteristics of the EOs important aspects to be considered in fish nutrition research. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the use of plant EOs as fish dietary additives, focusing on their potential as modulators of the gut bacterial community and discussing some aspects regarding their stability in feeds.
Pollutant Ground Concentrations of Nonneutrally Buoyant Particles
Authors: Mandel Alon , Stern Eli , Ullmann Amos , Brauner Neima 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA methodology is suggested for the estimation of the mass density and the cumulative ground deposition of a nonvolatile, nonneutrally buoyant, air pollutant (liquid or solid) released from a polluted column (following an explosion caused during routine operation in, e.g., the chemical industry or due to any kind of hostile act) and deposited on the ground via gravitational settling. In many cases, the deposited mass due to gravitational settling constitutes a significant fraction of the original inventory released from the source. Implementation of the methodology in preliminary risk assessments can serve as an efficient tool for emergency planning for both immediate and long‐term measures such as evacuation and decontamination. The methodology considers, inter alia, an estimation of the critical particle diameter, particle size, and mass distributions along the polluted column. This methodology was developed to apply in rural regions since proper application of relevant meteorological input data can be accomplished mainly for such areas.
Young People's Place‐Making in a Regional Australian Town
Authors: Waite Catherine 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe intensification of globalising flows associated with the current condition of globalisation has had a significant impact on the ways that people relate to, talk about, and construct place. In the context of non‐urban places, impacts of globalisation are felt by young people who are uniquely ‘embedded’ in local places. However, the ways that young people construct place under these conditions is opaque and complex. This article addresses Farrugia, D. (). Journal of Youth Studies 17 (3) pp. 293–307 call for greater focus on the experiences of young rural people constructing place under the conditions of globalisation. A recent focus group study in regional Australian with 16‐28 year‐old people builds on the work of rural sociologists investigating this area. Place‐making is demonstrated for analysis in this article through young people's discursive narratives combined with verbal expressions of a more experiential and embodied place‐making practice. This article illustrates that young people's place‐making ‘beyond the metropole’ endures in robust and unique ways.
Class, Race, Ethnicity, and Justice in Safe Drinking Water Compliance*
Authors: Switzer David , Teodoro Manuel P. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivePast research yields inconsistent evidence of disparities in environmental quality by socioeconomic status (SES), race, and/or ethnicity. Since the political significance of race/ethnicity may be contingent upon SES, this study advances environmental justice research by examining interactively the effects of race, ethnicity, and SES on environmental quality.MethodsWe match 2010–2013 Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) compliance records with demographic and economic data for U.S. local government water utilities serving populations greater than 1,000. Statistical regression isolates direct and interactive relationships between communities’ racial/ethnic populations, SES, and SDWA compliance.ResultsWe find that community racial/ethnic composition predicts drinking water quality, but also that SES conditions the effect; specifically, black and Hispanic populations most strongly predict SDWA violations in low‐SES communities.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of analyzing race, ethnicity, and SES interactively in environmental justice research. Results also carry troubling implications for drinking water quality in the United States.
Reflexivity in Two Zhuang Dialects
Authors: Schadler Dagmar 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper provides a comparison of two closely related dialects of Zhuang that have two very different anaphoric systems. One of the dialects, Mashan Zhuang, allows locally bound pronouns and additionally employs a complex anaphor, whilst the other dialect, Qinzhou Zhuang, has only a bare self which licenses reflexivity across the board. A more detailed analysis of the internal DP structure shows that the distribution and the possibility of being able to act as a reflexive licenser of the various reflexive forms can be explained by differences in the necessity for having a filled FP layer. A closer look at possessive phrases provides further evidence for assuming two different structures for pronouns in these two dialects. Contrary to appearances, then, also the pronoun in Mashan Zhuang provides the complexity an element needs to act as a reflexive‐licenser.