bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of sandy clay bed material to local scour behaviour
Authors: Rustiati Nina B. , Dermawan Very , Rispiningtati R. , Limantara Lily M. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
As a type of gate that is used to control the water level upstream, sluice gate is the gate with simple shape and outstanding ability to flush the sediment. The operation of the gate is considered an important process. The up and down movement of the gate would affect the velocity and cause local scour as the result of fluctuating rate. This research aims to assess the effects of discharge and gate-opening height variations, as well as the type of bedchannel material, on the change of depth of scour (ds). The research was conducted of open channel flow model with a sluice gate able to up and down movement. The discharges used in the research were 9 types ranging from 1.0 to 5.0 dm3·s−1. There were 5 variations in the height of gate-opening ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 cm at intervals of 0.5 and types of channel-bed material. The results of the research showed that the depth of scour can be analysed as a function of discharge, height of gate-opening, height of water level upstream and downstream, and the type of bed material used. The scour depth equation on is

$d_s = 1.7822\left( {{Q \over a}} \right)^{1.1347} a$

. Calculated coefficient of determination of the relationship between two types of channel-bed material and the depth of scour was R2 = 0.946. Consequently, it can be concluded that the equation can be applied on both types of bed-channel material.
Water quality index assessment of Koudiat Medouar Reservoir, northeast Algeria using weighted arithmetic index method
Authors: Bouslah Soraya , Djemili Lakhdar , Houichi Larbi 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Water quality index (WQI) is a mathematical tool used to transform large quantities of water quality data into a single number which present water quality level. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the quality of Koudiat Medouar Dam in Batna (Algeria) to assess its suitability for drinking purposes. Samples were assessed for ten (10) physicochemical settings namely pH, electrical conductivity, total hardness, nitrate, sulphate, chloride, calcium, magnesium, dissolved oxygen and turbidity. The calculation of WQI was done via weighted arithmetic index method. The WQI values ranged from 99.097 to 174.92 during 2015. It reflected that the water samples were in February in the range of very poor quality and ranged to be in unsuitable for drinking rang in the all other months. The WQI of the present study reveals dam water is contaminated and not suitable for drinking purpose without giving treatment.
Changes of species composition of the Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra plant communities in drainage peatland
Authors: Urban Danuta , Grzywna Antoni 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe objective of this study was to examine the vegetation cover and describe the floristic diversity of selected plant communities of extensive and abandoned grasslands within the Forest of Parczew PLB060006 – a Natura 2000 protected area. Floristic surveys were conducted in the meadows in years 2001 and 2013 under the conditions of natural succession of the communities Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra. The area is situated in the northern part of the Lublin Voivodeship, in the physiographic mesoregion the Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland. Those communities were characterized by average species richness and floristic diversity index values. The cover index decreased considerably in the case of 8 species, and increased for 12 species. A large increase in the cover index of Holcus lanatus, Deschampsia caespitosa, Galium mollugo, Anthriscus sylvestris and Polemonium caeruleae is particularly noteworthy. In 2001, 39 species of plants were recorded in all relevés, compared to 41 species recorded in 2013. Over 12 years, 11 species disappeared, but 13 new ones emerged. For the time being, the average species richness N increased from 12 to 16 per relevé. The biodiversity index H' increased from 2.8 to 3.6.
Impact of land use on soils microbial activity
Authors: Urbański Krzysztof , Jakubiak Mateusz 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe article considered the influence the various types of land use on microbial activity of soils and thus using this parameter as a universal test of soil quality. Samples for soil respiration studies were taken from agricultural areas, meadows, forests and urban areas (estate cottages). All samples were subjected to the same analytical procedure and the method of measurement was followed by a Substrate-Induced Respiration (SIR) method. Since all the samples were from neighbouring regions and were characterized by similar soil parameters, the obtained results allowed to assess the quality of the soil environment of the surveyed area and to evaluate the total rating of whole area. The obtained results allowed to observe slight divergences between soil samples taken from areas of different use. And although statistically, in this case, these differences were not significant, the characteristics of the respiration curves clearly indicate that there is a dependency between the form of use and the size and rate of soil respiration. In addition, the results have shown that single family housing does not exhibit as much anthropopression to the soil environment as it might seem.
Issues related to marginal lands with reference to selected agricultural problematic areas
Authors: Wójcik-Leń Justyna , Sobolewska-Mikulska Katarzyna 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFunctions of rural areas are influenced, among others, by historical conditions of social development, such as: the intensity of population growth, the insufficient level of produced crops and the permanent food shortages. Such approach to rural areas contributed to development of less useful areas, characterised by the low production potential, for agricultural purposes. Besides, those areas are also characterised by the intensive fragmentation of arable lands and directing the agricultural production to meet own demands of farmers. Professional publications include many proposals concerning definitions of marginal lands with reference to problematic areas. It mainly depends on the field of research, the authors and the approach to the discussed issues. The objective of this paper is to review the terminology and characteristics of marginal areas and problematic areas. As a result, the original definition of agricultural problematic areas will be proposed by the authors; this is important in Poland, in particular, when those issues are considered from the perspective of increasing the size of problematic areas and agricultural development in those areas.
Flow cytometry as a valuable tool to study cyanobacteria:A mini-review
Authors: Poniedziałek Barbara , Falfushynska Halina I. , Rzymski Piotr 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFlow cytometry (FCM) is routinely used in medical and veterinary diagnostics although it is also widely applied in environmental studies, including phytoplankton investigations. Cyanobacteria are wide-spread photosynthetic microorganisms that attract attention due to their ecology and potential toxicity. Therefore, novel research tools are being applied in their investigation. This paper characterizes FCM as a technique that enables photopigments (chlorophylls and phycocyanin) expressed by cyanobacteria to be excited and their emission to be subsequently detected. This feature not only allows cells to be counted in a rapid manner but also enables a wide range of potential applications in ecological and biochemical studies. The main advantages of FCM, such as rapid, automatic and precise measurements requiring small sample volumes, are also discussed in this paper along with challenges including analyses of filamentous cyanobacteria and signal overlapping. It is expected that FCM will continue to be used in some fields of cyanobacterial studies.
Pharmaceutical pollution of aquatic environment: an emerging and enormous challenge
Authors: Rzymski Piotr , Drewek Agnieszka , Klimaszyk Piotr 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe global use of pharmaceuticals is on the systematic rise and leads to contamination of surface waters with xenobiotic compounds with a wide range of bioactivity. Waters that receive urban and medical effluents are particularly threatened. The presence of pharmaceuticals in these ecosystems can lead to unpredictable ecological impacts and responses, and may also have an impact on human health. At the same time the identification and quantification of these chemicals, to a large extent remains a subject to scientific investigation than part of a thorough monitoring programme. Their biological effects on aquatic organisms are mainly recognized experimentally and often using concentrations far exceeding environmentally relevant levels. This review paper defines the main sources of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment, discusses the fate of these compounds and summarizes the current state-of-the-art of pharmaceutical monitoring in Polish surface waters.
Frequency effects over the lifespan: a case study of Attenborough’s r’s
Authors: MacKenzie Laurel 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper uses a small-scale case study of the speech of a single speaker at two points in time to investigate the question of whether and how speakers’ mental representations change over their lives. Specifically, I test two predictions of usage-based models of phonological representation: that individuals surrounded by a changing community will show the community change in their own production, and that this individual-level change will show an effect of item frequency. The community change under study is the loss in English Received Pronunciation of [ɾ] as a realization of /ɹ/; the speaker studied is Sir David Attenborough, a well-known British nature documentary narrator. I find that Attenborough’s narrations do not show evidence of him participating in the community change away from [ɾ] over time; however, he does show a different sort of change, by which heincreaseshis rate of [ɾ] in high-frequency collocations in later life. I propose that this result may be attributable to Attenborough’s mental representation of high-frequency collocations becoming more word-like over time. The results speak to questions about the malleability of mental representations and the role of the individual language user in cases of community change.
Exploring xenophobic and homophobic attitudes in Malta: Linking the perception of social practice with textual analysis
Authors: Assimakopoulos Stavros , Muskat Rebecca Vella 
Published: December 2017

AbstractReporting on research undertaken under the auspices of the C.O.N.T.A.C.T. project, the present paper investigates the roots of xenophobic and homophobic attitudes in Malta and the extent to which these can be pinpointed in the lexical choices made in discriminatory comments posted online in reaction to local news stories pertaining to migrants and members of the LGBTIQ community. Adopting
Proximizing the Ukraine conflict: The case of the United States and the Czech Republic
Authors: Berrocal Martina 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe conflict in Ukraine has been in the focus of the international politics for the last four years. The fact that it takes place not only on the battlefield but also in form of a discursive war has become strikingly evident. An inherent part of a conflict construction is the legitimization of one’s own positions and actions. According to
Incivility and confrontation in online conflict discourses
Authors: Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk Barbara 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The paper aims to uncover the interactional discourse negative emotion dynamics in online conflict discourses in Polish and English and identify conditions for transitory group emergence. The analysed comments concern the present challenges to the status and position of the European Union as well as its existential legitimacy crisis, including the status of refugees and immigration throughout the years 2012-2017. It is shown that negative emotionality underlying incivility axis patterns as identified throughout the CMC discourse threads, functions as a stronger driving force towards a unity of particular group identification than a comparable set of positive emotionality parameters.
There are cultural and language-related aspects of these processes identified with regard to differences between Polish and English in terms of discourse strategies, cultural dimensions, presence of incivility and emotionality dynamics. Considered from the overall level of the relationship between conflict and emotions, what is observed is the radicalization of the attitudes and their language expression, accompanied by the rise in emotional arousal as evidenced both in the English and Polish sets of data, although differences in the degree of its overtness are still distinct.
Sensitivity of the Footeval Test to Different Training Modes
Authors: Manouvrier Christophe , Cassirame Johan , Ahmaidi Said 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Manouvrier, C, Cassirame, J, and Ahmaidi, S. Sensitivity of the footeval test to different training modes. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1440–1447, 2020—The aim of this study is to assess the impact of preseason training and more specifically about different training modality to Footeval test. This study also compares those sensibility with classic test, Vameval. A total of 36 young elite players' performance were split in 3 groups to perform 2 times a week a specific complements training: generic (GENERIC), small-sided game (SSG), and technical (TECH). After 4 weeks with training intervention, all players improved their performance to Footeval and Vameval tests. Regarding improvement, we noted that each training complement obtained different magnitude of modification. For all groups, Footeval increase was more important than Vameval. Small-sided game obtained highest improvement to Footeval (15 ± 1.8%) but lowest to Vameval (5 ± 0.9%). Oppositely, GENERIC and TECH groups obtained highest improvement to Vameval test (8 ± 1.4 and 8 ± 2.0%) but lower modification to Footeval (11 ± 2.2 and 16 ± 2.3%), respectively. Even if we removed the effect of maximum aerobic speed increase, SSG obtains better improvement than other training modality to Footeval.
Effect of Thigh-Compression Shorts on Muscle Activity and Soft-Tissue Vibration During Cycling
Authors: Hintzy Frédérique , Gregoire Nicolas , Samozino Pierre , Chiementin Xavier , Bertucci William , Rossi Jérémy 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Hintzy, F, Gregoire, N, Samozino, P, Chiementin, X, Bertucci, W, and Rossi, J. Effect of thigh-compression shorts on muscle activity and soft-tissue vibration during cycling. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2145–2152, 2019—This study examined the effects of different levels of thigh compression (0, 2, 6, and 15 mm Hg) in shorts on both vibration and muscle activity of the thigh during cycling with superimposed vibrations. Twelve healthy males performed a 18-minute rectangular cycling test per shorts condition (randomized cross-over design) on a specifically designed vibrating cycloergometer. Each test was composed of 2 intensity levels (moderate then high) and 3 vibration frequencies of 18.3, 22.4, and 26.3 Hz, corresponding to cadences of 70, 85, and 100 rpm, respectively. Muscle vibrations were measured with 2 triaxial accelerometers located before and on the lower-body compression garment, to quantify, respectively, the input and output vibrations, and vastus lateralis muscle activity was measured using surface electromyography. Both vibration and electromyography signals were measured throughout the tests and quantified using root-mean-square analyses. The study showed that the use of a thigh-compression shorts at 6–15 mm Hg significantly reduced both the vibration transmissibility to the thigh and the muscle activity, with higher effect size at higher superimposed vibrations. The thigh-compression shorts garment therefore seems to be 1 way to dampen vibrations transmitted to the cyclists and then to reduce the negative consequences of these vibrations on muscles.
Acute Effects of Different Rest Intervals Between Sets of Resistance Exercise on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Trained Older Women
Authors: Jambassi Filho José C. , Gurjão André L.D. , Prado Alexandre K.G. , Gallo Luiza H. , Gobbi Sebastião 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Jambassi Filho, JC, Gurjão, ALD, Prado, AKG, Gallo, LH, and Gobbi, S. Acute effects of different rest intervals between sets of resistance exercise on neuromuscular fatigue in trained older women. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2235–2240, 2020—The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of different rest intervals (RIs) between sets on total volume, time under tension, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and integrated electromyography (iEMG) activity of the vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) muscles. Twenty-one resistance-trained older women (66.4 ± 4.4 years; 69.1 ± 11.4 kg; 157.5 ± 5.0 cm) completed 3 different test sessions, performed 48–72 hours apart, in a randomized and counterbalanced within-subjects design. In 2 test sessions, the participants performed 3 sets to voluntary exhaustion with loads that corresponded to 15 maximum repetitions, with either 1-minute RI (RI-1) or 3-minute RI (RI-3). In another test session, the participants remained at rest for 15 minutes. The total volume of exercise and time under tension for the RI-3 session was statistically higher (p ≤ 0.05) than the RI-1 session. Postexercise MVC for the RI-3 session showed significantly greater reductions (−7.8%; p ≤ 0.05) compared with the RI-1 and control sessions. No significant changes in postexercise iEMG activity of the VL and VM were shown for any of the sessions (all p > 0.05). The findings of this study suggest that different RIs between sets lead to different acute neuromuscular responses. The longer RI seemed to induce higher neuromuscular fatigue, likely due to higher total volume and time under tension. Thus, longer RI may be a strategy that possibly would lead to greater long-term gains in muscle strength and hypertrophy of the lower limbs in trained older women.
Low-Intensity Resistance Exercise Reduces Hyperglycemia and Enhances Glucose Control Over a 24-Hour Period in Women With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Cruz Loumaíra Carvalho da , Teixeira-Araujo Alfredo A. , Passos Andrade Karoline T. , Rocha Thaise Camila O Gomes , Puga Guilherme Morais , Moreira Sérgio R. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Cruz, LC, Teixeira-Araujo, AA, Andrade, KTP, Rocha, TCOG, Puga, GM, and Moreira, SR. Low intensity resistance exercise reduces hyperglycemia and enhances glucose control over a 24-hour period in women with type 2 diabetes. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2826–2835, 2019—The study herein aimed to compare glucose concentration and hyperglycemic responses of 24 hours after resistance exercise (RE) performed in different intensities in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Twelve women with T2D (55.2 ± 4.0 years; 70.1 ± 11.4 kg; and 155.7 ± 3.3 cm) performed 4 experimental sessions divided into 2 blocks separated by 7 days and in randomized order: block-A (session-1: control-CONT40% and session-2: RE40% of one repetition maximum [1RM] test) and block-B (session-3: CONT80% and session-4: RE80%1RM). The RE sessions were performed over 40 minutes with 3 circuits of 7 exercises each, with 40%1RM and 80%1RM with 16 and 8 repetitions for each set, respectively. Glucose was monitored over 24 hours after each experimental session through continuous glucose-monitoring system. One-way ANOVA for repeated measures showed that area under the curve of glucose concentration was reduced (p ≤ 0.05) after RE40%1RM (193.738 ± 33.186 mg·dl−1 × 1.380 min−1) when compared with CONT40% (263.937 ± 26.665 mg·dl−1 × 1.380 min−1), CONT80% (254.721 ± 35.836 mg·dl−1 × 1.380 min−1), and RE80%1RM (263.966 ± 62.795 mg·dl−1 × 1.380 min−1). Hyperglycemia (>160 mg·dl−1) was less prevalent (p ≤ 0.05) during the total period after RE40%1RM (20.8 ± 21.2%) when compared with CONT40% (77.4 ± 18.3%), CONT80% (69.4 ± 24.6%), and RE80%1RM (66.0 ± 33.7%). There was a lower hyperglycemic state in RE40%1RM (p ≤ 0.05) vs. CONT40%, CONT80%, and RE80%1RM after breakfast (1:25 ± 0:54 vs. 4:00 ± 0:00, 3:40 ± 0:53, and 3:25 ± 1:09 hours, respectively), lunch (1:25 ± 2:03 vs. 4:55 ± 0:17, 4:25 ± 1:26, and 3:40 ± 2:06 hours, respectively), and dinner (0:15 ± 0:27 vs. 3:15 ± 0:45, 3:25 ± 0:47, and 2:50 ± 1:31 hours, respectively). During the sleeping period, there was a lower hyperglycemic state (p ≤ 0.05) in RE40%1RM (0:20 ± 0:39 hours) vs. RE80%1RM (4:05 ± 3:08 hours). A single low-intensity RE40%1RM decreases hyperglycemic prevalence over a 24-hour period and ameliorates glucose control after meals and in sleeping periods in women with T2D.
Decoding Trans-Saccadic Memory
Authors: Edwards Grace , VanRullen Rufin , Cavanagh Patrick 
Published: December 2017

We examine whether peripheral information at a planned saccade target affects immediate postsaccadic processing at the fovea on saccade landing. Current neuroimaging research suggests that presaccadic stimulation has a late effect on postsaccadic processing, in contrast to the early effect seen in behavioral studies. Human participants (both male and female) were instructed to saccade toward a face or a house that, on different trials, remained the same, changed, or disappeared during the saccade. We used a multivariate pattern analysis of electroencephalography data to decode face versus house processing directly after the saccade. The classifier was trained on separate trials without a saccade, where a house or face was presented at the fovea. When the saccade target remained the same across the saccade, we could reliably decode the target 123 ms after saccade offset. In contrast, when the target was changed during the saccade, the new target was decoded at a later time-point, 151 ms after saccade offset. The “same” condition advantage suggests that congruent presaccadic information facilitates processing of the postsaccadic stimulus compared with incongruent information. Finally, the saccade target could be decoded above chance even when it had been removed during the saccade, albeit with a slower time course (162 ms) and poorer signal strength. These findings indicate that information about the (peripheral) presaccadic stimulus is transferred across the saccade so that it becomes quickly available and influences processing at its expected new retinal position (the fovea).SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHere we provide neural evidence for early information transfer across saccades. Specifically, we examined the effect of presaccadic sensory information on the initial neuronal processing of a postsaccadic stimuli. Using electroencephalography and multivariate pattern analysis, we found the following: (1) that the identity of the presaccadic stimulus modulated the postsaccadic latency of stimulus relevant information; and (2) that a saccadic neural marker for a saccade target stimulus could be detected even when the stimulus had been removed during saccade. These results demonstrate that information about the peripheral presaccadic stimulus was transferred across the saccade and influenced processing at a new retinal position (the fovea) directly after the saccade landed.