bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new hybrid drought-monitoring framework based on nonparametric standardized indicators
Authors: Safavi Hamid R. , Raghibi Vahid , Mazdiyasni Omid , Mortazavi-Naeini Mohammad 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA drought is a multi-dimensional event characterized by changes in the atmospheric and land conditions. Hence, monitoring a single drought indicator may be insufficient for water management. The hybrid drought index (HDI) is presented as a nonparametric composite indicator for monitoring multiple components of the hydrologic cycle. The properties of the HDI can be summarized as follows: (1) HDI describes drought indicated from either climatic anomalies or available water (AW); (2) HDI describes the drought onset as early as a decrease appears in climatic variables, while it shows drought persistence until there is no longer a terrestrial deficit; and (3) HDI shows a more severe drought condition when both the climatic water balance and AW exhibit a deficit. HDI is based on the states of potential meteorological water budget and AW. The proposed integrated drought-monitoring is applied to the Zayandehrud River Basin of Iran to show the status of components and depict drought propagation through each one from climate to groundwater. Finally, HDI announces the general status of the hydrologic cycle. A monitoring system established based on HDI would also allow the managers, local businesses, and farmers to identify the status of water supply capacity and water availability.
Effects of Vildagliptin and Metformin on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Responses to Small Intestinal Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Wu Tongzhi , Trahair Laurence G. , Little Tanya J. , Bound Michelle J. , Zhang Xiang , Wu Hang , Sun Zilin , Horowitz Michael , Rayner Christopher K. , Jones Karen L. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate effects of vildagliptin and metformin on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) responses to intraduodenal (ID) glucose in diet-controlled type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Study A compared vildagliptin (50 mg) and placebo, given 60 min before a 120-min ID glucose infusion at 2 or 4 kcal/min (ID2 or ID4) in 16 patients. Study B compared metformin (850 mg) and placebo, given 30 min before ID2 over 120 min in 9 patients.

RESULTS
Systolic (P = 0.002) and diastolic (P &lt; 0.001) BP were lower and HR greater (P = 0.005) after vildagliptin compared with placebo, without interaction between vildagliptin and the glucose infusion rate. In contrast, HR was greater after metformin than placebo (P &lt; 0.001), without any difference in systolic or diastolic BP.

CONCLUSIONS
Vildagliptin reduces BP and increases HR, whereas metformin increases HR without affecting BP during ID glucose infusion in type 2 diabetes. These distinct cardiovascular profiles during enteral nutrient exposure may have implications for postprandial hypotension.
Clinical Specialization and Adherence to Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines for Low Back Pain Management: A Survey of US Physical Therapists
Authors: Ladeira Carlos E. , Cheng M. Samuel , da Silva Rubens A. 
Published: March 2017

Study Design Electronic cross-sectional survey. Background The American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) evidence-based practice guideline for low back pain (LBP) elaborated on strategies to manage nonspecific LBP in routine physical therapy practice. This guideline described LBP associated with mobility deficit, leg pain and a directional preference, coordination impairment (lumbar instability), and fear-avoidance behavior. Objectives To assess American physical therapists' adherence to the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for LBP of the Orthopaedic Section of the APTA, and to compare adherence among physical therapists with different qualifications. Methods The investigators contacted 1861 members of the Orthopaedic Section of the APTA and 1000 members of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapists (AAOMPT). Participants made treatment choices for 4 clinical vignettes: LBP with mobility deficit, coordination impairment, leg pain (directional preference), or fear-avoidance behavior. The investigator used logistic regression analyses to compare guideline adherence among physical therapists with the following qualifications: orthopaedic clinical specialists (PTOs), Fellows of the AAOMPT (PTFs), PTOs and PTFs (PTFOs), and physical therapists without clinical specialization but with a musculoskeletal interest (PTMSs). Results A total of 410 physical therapists completed all sections of the survey (142 PTOs, 110 PTFOs, 74 PTFs, and 84 PTMSs). Adherence to the APTA's CPG was highest for LBP associated with leg pain and a directional preference (72.2%), followed by LBP with mobility deficit (57.1%), LBP with coordination impairment (46.1%), and fear-avoidance behavior (29.5%). Physical therapists who were PTFOs adhered better to the CPG for LBP than did PTMSs for all 4 patient vignettes. Orthopaedic clinical specialists adhered better to the CPG for LBP for the vignettes of mobility deficit and of LBP with fear-avoidance behavior than did PTMSs. Conclusion Physical therapists who were PTFOs and PTOs adhered better to the CPG than did PTMSs. Based on our preliminary results, further education on the CPG for LBP management is needed, particularly for managing LBP with coordination impairment and with fear-avoidance behavior. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(5):347–358. Epub 3 Mar 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6561
The Effectiveness of Combined Exercise Interventions for Preventing Postmenopausal Bone Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Renqing , Zhang Mengyi , Zhang Qi 
Published: March 2017

Study Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Background It remains unclear whether exercise combining different types of physical activities (combined exercise interventions) would effectively preserve postmenopausal women's bone mineral density (BMD) at different sites. Objective To examine the impact of combined exercise interventions on lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and total body BMD in postmenopausal women. Methods An electronic database search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science up to January 1, 2016. Randomized controlled trials that conducted combined exercise interventions and reported BMD values in postmenopausal women were included. Two authors independently extracted the data from individual studies. The primary end point was the change in BMD values from baseline to follow-up. The effect sizes were estimated by the standardized mean difference (SMD) methods using fixed-effects models. Results Eleven randomized controlled trials including 1061 postmenopausal women met the inclusion criteria. The levels of between-study heterogeneity were relatively low (I2<50%). Exercise integrating different physical activities significantly increased lumbar spine (SMD, 0.170; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.027, 0.313; P = .019), femoral neck (SMD, 0.177; 95% CI: 0.030, 0.324; P = .018), total hip (SMD, 0.198; 95% CI: 0.037, 0.359; P = .016), and total body (SMD, 0.257; 95% CI: 0.053, 0.461; P = .014) BMD. Combined exercise interventions generated a beneficial effect on femoral neck BMD (SMD, 0.219; 95% CI: 0.034, 0.404; P = .020) in groups with women aged younger than 60 years, and significantly improved lumbar spine BMD (SMD, 0.349; 95% CI: 0.064, 0.634; P = .016) in groups with women aged 60 years or older. Conclusion Our findings suggest that combined exercise interventions appear to be effective in preserving postmenopausal women's BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and total body. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1a. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(4):241–251. Epub 3 Mar 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6969
Dry Needling Versus Cortisone Injection in the Treatment of Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome: A Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Brennan Kindyle L. , Allen Bryce C. , Maldonado Yolanda Munoz 
Published: March 2017

Study Design Prospective, randomized, partially blinded. Background Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is the current terminology for what was once called greater trochanteric or subgluteal bursitis. Cortisone (corticosteroid) injection into the lateral hip has traditionally been the accepted treatment for this condition; however, the effectiveness of injecting the bursa with steroids is increasingly being questioned. An equally effective treatment with fewer adverse side effects would be beneficial. Objective To investigate whether administration of dry needling (DN) is noninferior to cortisone injection in reducing lateral hip pain and improving function in patients with GTPS. Methods Forty-three participants (50 hips observed), all with GTPS, were randomly assigned to a group receiving cortisone injection or DN. Treatments were administered over 6 weeks, and clinical outcomes were collected at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the numeric pain-rating scale (0–10). The secondary outcome measure was the Patient-Specific Functional Scale (0–10). Medication intake for pain was collected as a tertiary outcome. Results Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. A noninferiority test for a repeated-measures design for pain and averaged function scores at 6 weeks (with a noninferiority margin of 1.5 for both outcomes) indicated noninferiority of DN versus cortisone injection (both, P<.01). Medication usage (P = .74) was not different between groups at the same time point. No adverse side effects were reported. Conclusion Cortisone injections for GTPS did not provide greater pain relief or reduction in functional limitations than DN. Our data suggest that DN is a noninferior treatment alternative to cortisone injections in this patient population. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1b. Registered December 2, 2015 at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02639039). J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(4):232–239. Epub 3 Mar 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6994
Complaints of Upper Extremity Numbness and Tingling Relieved With Dry Needling of the Teres Minor and Infraspinatus: A Case Report
Authors: Lane Elizabeth , Clewley Derek , Koppenhaver Shane 
Published: March 2017

Study Design Case report. Background Abnormal sensation, such as numbness or tingling, is traditionally thought to originate from neural compression. There is limited evidence to support reports of abnormal sensation arising from a trigger point. Case Description The patient was a 60-year-old woman with a primary complaint of right shoulder pain and secondary complaints of neck pain and right upper extremity numbness. Cervical spine neurological examination was unremarkable, and manual examination did not reproduce the patient's arm numbness or tingling symptoms. Compression of a trigger point in the infraspinatus and teres minor reproduced the patient's primary complaint of shoulder pain. The initial intervention included dry needling, which reproduced her upper extremity numbness. Subsequent treatment included manual therapy and exercise. Outcomes The patient was seen for a total of 3 visits, including the evaluation. Dry needling was utilized in 2 of her 3 visits. At discharge, she reported complete resolution of pain and altered sensation. Additionally, her scores on the Neck Disability Index, numeric pain-rating scale, and global rating of change exceeded the minimal clinically important difference. These outcomes were maintained at 2- and 12-month follow-up phone calls. Discussion This case report described the examination and use of dry needling in a case where the diagnosis was unclear. Clinicians may consider trigger point referral when examining patients with reports of abnormal sensation, especially when a more common cause cannot be identified. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 5. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(4):287–292. Epub 3 Mar 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7055
Examination of the Validity of a Clinical Prediction Rule to Identify Patients With Shoulder Pain Likely to Benefit From Cervicothoracic Manipulation
Authors: Mintken Paul E. , McDevitt Amy W. , Michener Lori A. , Boyles Robert E. , Beardslee Amber R. , Burns Scott A. , Haberl Matthew D. , Hinrichs Lauren A. , Cleland Joshua A. 
Published: March 2017

Study Design Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Background Prognostic variables identifying patients with shoulder pain who are likely to respond to cervicothoracic manipulation have been reported; however, they have yet to be validated. Objective To examine the validity of previously reported prognostic variables in predicting which patients with shoulder pain will respond to cervicothoracic manipulation. Methods Participants (n = 140) with a report of shoulder pain were randomly assigned to receive either 2 sessions of range-of-motion exercises plus 6 sessions of stretching and strengthening exercises (exercise group), or 2 sessions of cervicothoracic manipulation and range-of-motion exercises followed by 6 sessions of stretching and strengthening exercise (manipulative-therapy-plus-exercise group). Outcomes of disability (Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, shortened version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire) and pain (numeric pain-rating scale) were collected at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks, and 6 months. Time, treatment group, status of predictor variables, and 2-way and 3-way interactions were analyzed using linear mixed models with repeated measures. Results There were no significant 3-way interactions for either disability (P = .27) or pain scores (P = .70) for time, group, and predictor status for any of the predictor variables. Conclusion The results of the current study did not validate the previously identified prognostic variables; therefore, we cannot support using these in clinical practice. Further updating of the existing prediction rule may be warranted and could potentially result in new prognostic variables and improved generalizability. Limitations of the study were a mean duration of symptoms of greater than 2 years and a loss to follow-up of 19% at 6 months. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 1b. Trial prospectively registered March 30, 2012 at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01571674). J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(4):252–260. Epub 3 Mar 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7100
Early Development and Reliability of the Timed Functional Arm and Shoulder Test
Authors: Shah Kshamata M. , Baker Timothy , Dingle Abigail , Hansmeier Thomas , Jimenez Matthew , Lopez Sarah , Marks Dylan , Safford Daniel , Sternberg Amanda , Turner Jeffrey , McClure Philip W. 
Published: March 2017

Study Design Repeated-measures clinical measurement reliability study. Background While there are some shoulder functional tests for athletes, no widely used performance test of arm and shoulder function currently exists to assess lower-level upper extremity functional demands in, for example, a nonathlete population or elderly individuals. In these individuals, functional measures rely on patient self-report. Objectives Describe the development of the Timed Functional Arm and Shoulder Test (TFAST), age-related scores, and between-session reliability in a group of asymptomatic high school athletes, young adults, middle-aged adults, older adults, and a preliminary group of symptomatic patients. Methods One hundred forty asymptomatic individuals participated in the study: 36 high school athletes (14–18 years of age), 34 young adults (19–35 years of age), 37 middle-aged adults (36–65 years of age), 33 older adults (over 65 years of age), and 16 symptomatic patients (22–66 years of age). The TFAST is a functional test that includes 3 tasks: hand to head and back, wall wash, and gallon lift. Total repetitions were noted for each task, and the total TFAST score was calculated. Results Mean total TFAST scores were higher for young adults (107.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 102.5, 113.4) and middle-aged adults (105.2; 95% CI: 99.1, 111.3) as compared to the high school athletes (89.9; 95% CI: 81.2, 98.5) and older adults (74.5; 95% CI: 65.6, 83.5). All groups were significantly different (P<.05) from each other, except the young and middle-aged adults. For patients, the mean score for the symptomatic side was 100.1 (95% CI: 89.6, 110.5). The between-session reliability values for the total TFAST scores in the asymptomatic individuals were as follows: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.98; standard error of measurement, 6.7; and minimal detectable change based on a 95% CI, 18.5 repetitions. The ICC values for individual tasks ranged from 0.80 to 0.94 (95% CI range, 0.44–0.98). The reliability for the patient group was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.51, 0.94). Conclusion The TFAST was sensitive to detect differences in functional performance between age groups, demonstrated adequate between-session reliability, and demonstrated feasibility in a symptomatic patient group. Further assessment is needed to refine the TFAST. Development of a feasible and valid test of arm function would enhance clinical evaluation and outcome measurement. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(6):420–431. Epub 3 Mar 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7136
Evaluation of the STarT Back Screening Tool for Prediction of Low Back Pain Intensity in an Outpatient Physical Therapy Setting
Authors: Toh Irene , Chong Hwei-Chi , Suet-Ching Liaw Jennifer , Pua Yong-Hao 
Published: March 2017

Study Design Prospective cohort study. Background Optimal management of patients with low back pain (LBP) relies on accurate prognosis of future clinical outcomes. The STarT Back Screening Tool (SBT), a prognostic index developed and validated in the primary care setting, has 3 scoring measures: SBT overall, psychosocial, and categorical scores. Objective Our study aimed to compare the predictive validity of 3 SBT measures with future pain intensity in patients receiving physical therapy for LBP. Methods Two hundred seven patients with LBP receiving physical therapy completed the SBT at initial (baseline) evaluation and were evaluated 12 weeks later for their pain intensity. Multivariable proportional odds regression was used to evaluate the associations of the various SBT measures with pain intensity at follow-up. Results Adjusting for covariates, all SBT measures were positively and significantly associated with the odds of greater pain intensity at follow-up evaluation (P<.01). Adding SBT psychosocial scores to a covariate-only model improved its predictive accuracy (concordance statistic increase, 0.03; 95% confidence interval: 0.01, 0.09), while improvements in prediction were smaller or negligible with the SBT overall and categorical scores (concordance statistic increase, 0.02 and 0.007, respectively). In mutually adjusted analyses, SBT psychosocial scores added incremental predictive value over SBT overall scores in predicting future pain intensity (P = .03). Conclusion Among the 3 SBT measures, the SBT psychosocial subscale was a significant predictor of future pain intensity in patients with LBP and had comparable, if not better, prognostic significance compared with the SBT overall score. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(4):261–267. Epub 3 Mar 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7284
Les noms du tram. Quand les dénominations des stations disent le projet de ville
Authors: Destrem Lucas 
Published: March 2017

Cet article propose une réflexion critique sur les noms de stations des réseaux de tramway français et les méthodes mises en place pour les choisir. Par une analyse typologique d’un corpus des noms des stations françaises et un focus sur les cas de Brest et Montpellier, et en rappelant la charge symbolique et politique importante du « tramway à la française », on remarque qu’en dépit de la dépendance importante de la toponymie du tramway au tissu urbain, ces noms semblent faire l’objet d’une appropriation stratégique et performative. Par différents procédés d’interprétation et représentation des référents géographiques, la simple fonction de repérage est ainsi surpassée. On établit donc le postulat de noms délibérément sélectionnés comme supports et outils participant de l’énonciation d’un projet rhétorique et politique signifiant, à savoir l’institution de l’agglomération comme métropole compétitive. L’analyse de cas toponymiques emblématiques dessine enfin des perspectives dans l’étude des nouveaux codes de l’action publique, comme la quête du modèle participatif idéal et le rôle croissant de la sphère privée.
Mobilité au quotidien et ancrage local dans les espaces périurbains
Authors: Berroir Sandrine , Delage Matthieu , Fleury Antoine , Fol Sylvie , Guérois Marianne , Maulat Juliette , Raad Lina , Vallée Julie 
Published: March 2017

Les espaces périurbains sont souvent considérés comme des lieux où les contraintes de la mobilité s’exercent de manière particulièrement forte sur les habitants, imposées par la faible densité de ces territoires et la dispersion des ressources telles que les lieux d’emploi, les services et commerces ou encore les équipements. Cependant, depuis une dizaine d’années, cette image largement dépréciative des mobilités périurbaines est remise en cause : loin d’être caractérisé par une dispersion généralisée, le périurbain apparaît comme structuré par des pôles d’activités et de ressources, qui organisent les pratiques spatiales et sociales des habitants dans des espaces de proximité. À partir de l’analyse qualitative et quantitative d’entretiens menés en 2013 auprès d’une centaine d’habitants de trois secteurs situés au nord de la métropole parisienne (autour d’Écouen-Ézanville, Méru et Senlis), cet article s’attache à décrire les rapports que les habitants du périurbain entretiennent avec leurs territoires en articulant plutôt qu’en opposant les notions de mobilité et d’ancrage. Si les pratiques de mobilité des habitants et leurs espaces de vie sont fortement structurés par leur position sociale, l’ancrage local apparaît comme un élément valorisé par l’ensemble des habitants interrogés, quelle que soit leur appartenance sociale.
Portrait en groupe de femmes-géographes. La féminisation du champ disciplinaire au milieu du xxe siècle, entre effets de contexte et de structure (1938-1960)
Authors: Ginsburger Nicolas 
Published: March 2017

À la veille de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la géographie universitaire française est féminisée à hauteur d’un tiers de ses étudiants, mais ses enseignants sont encore tous des hommes. Dix ans plus tard, les premières titulaires sont nommées et l’Union géographique internationale voit accéder à sa vice-présidence l’une des pionnières francophones de la discipline. À la fin des années 1950, on constate à la fois peu de changements du point de vue de la présence féminine dans les facultés, et l’émergence de nombreuses enseignantes et chercheuses, destinées à devenir des personnalités dominantes de la discipline. L’objectif de cet article est de décrire et d’expliquer les mutations à l’œuvre pendant les années 1940 et 1950, ouvrant la voie à une nouvelle génération, née dans les années 1920, entrant dans la carrière aux lendemains de la guerre et connaissant des trajectoires souvent marquées par le succès. Il s’agira notamment d’évaluer certains effets de changements structurels (agrégation de géographie, CNRS), la diversité des situations locales et la réalité de cette amélioration dans l’accès de géographes féminines à la carrière de géographe académique.