bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid Detection of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis from Eggs and Chicken Meat by Real‐Time Recombinase Polymerase Amplification in Comparison with the Two‐Step Real‐Time PCR
Authors: Kim Ji Yeun , Lee Jung‐Lim 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSalmonella is the most common cause of foodborne outbreaks throughout the world and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is one of the major causes of salmonellosis. We describe a rapid, sensitive and inexpensive method for the detection of S. Enteritidis from eggs and chicken meat using the real‐time recombinase polymerase amplification (Real‐time RPA) and compared this assay with the two‐step real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Real‐time PCR). The detection sensitivity of the RPA and PCR assays was identical in pure culture, however, the reaction time was as short as 10 min compared with 40 min for the PCR assay. In food application, the detection sensitivity of the RPA assay was 10 cfu/g from eggs and 100 cfu/g from chicken samples without additional DNA purification steps before the amplification – therefore, the sensitivity of the RPA assay was 100 times greater from eggs and 10 times greater from chicken than the PCR assay.Practical ApplicationsNumerous epidemiological investigations attributed the source of sporadic Salmonella outbreaks as poultry and poultry‐by‐products including eggs. This is the first study in which a real‐time RPA was developed to detect the Salmonella Enteritidis specifically. The whole procedure is fairly simple and does not require specific equipment, making it potentially applicable in the monitoring and detection of S. Enteritidis in eggs and poultry products.
Screening, Mutagenesis of Nitrite‐Degrading Lactobacilli in Chinese Traditional Fermented Sauerkraut and its Application in the Production of Sauerkraut
Authors: Ren Dayong , Chen Ping , Li Wentao , Su Xiaojing , Bao Kun , Wang Ying , Wang Jianan , Liu Hongfeng 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSauerkraut is a Chinese traditional fermented vegetable product. However, excessive nitrite in sauerkraut may cause food safety problems. This study screened three highly‐efficient nitrite‐degrading lactobacilli, namely, B1, C1 and D2, with over 75% degradation rate. According to the morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, as well as the 16S rDNA analysis, we found that B1 belonged to Lactobacillus pentosus, whereas C1 and D2 belonged to Lactobacillus plantarum. After ultraviolet (UV)‐nitrosoguanidine compound mutation, the degradation rates of the three lactobacilli to nitrite improved by 5.8, 8.0 and 12.7%, respectively. After the acclimation of sauerkraut juice with 80% concentration, single lactobacillus and mixed lactobacilli were applied in the sauerkraut product. The results indicated that the degradation effects of mixed strains on nitrite were better than that of single one. Compared with the control group (0–36.6 mg/kg), the mixed strains inoculated in the early fermentation period can significantly decrease the nitrite residue in sauerkraut (0–20.8 mg/kg) and the fermentation period can be shortened from 30 to 20 days. The sauerkraut produced showed good quality and flavor. Therefore, this study has significant application value for industrial production of sauerkraut.Practical ApplicationsNitrite formed in traditional fermented sauerkraut is an unsolved safety problem. This study screened three highly‐efficient nitrite‐degrading lactobacilli strains. After ultraviolet (UV)‐nitrosoguanidine compound mutation, the degradation rates of the three lactobacilli to nitrite were over 81.5%. Compared with the control group (36.6 mg/kg), the mixed strains inoculated in the early fermentation period could significantly decrease the nitrite residue in sauerkraut (20.8 mg/kg) and the fermentation period could be shortened from 30 to 20 days. Therefore, this study has significant application value for the industrial production of sauerkraut.
Trends in esophageal cancer survival in United States adults from 1973 to 2009: A SEER database analysis
Authors: Njei Basile , McCarty Thomas R , Birk John W 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackground and Aim:The rise in incidence of esophageal cancer (EC) in the USA over the last four decades has been well documented; however, data on trends in long‐term survival and impact on modern therapies associated with survival are lacking.Methods:The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was queried to identify patients with confirmed EC. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to determine independent mortality factors.Results:Of 93 167 patients diagnosed with EC between 1973 and 2009, 49% had a histologic diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). There was an increase (almost double) in the proportion of patients with adenocarcinoma from the 1970s to 2000s (n = 2,350; 35% to n = 32,212; 61%, P < 0.001). Surgery was performed for localized disease in a majority of EC regardless of type (n = 46 683; 89%). Use of surgical treatment increased significantly over the study period (49% to 64%, P < 0.001). There was also an increase in overall median survival (6 months versus 10 months, P < 0.001) and 5‐year survival rate (9% to 22%, P < 0.001). Median survival increased consistently for EAC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) until the 1990s. After this period, median survival of EAC continued to increase more rapidly while SCC remained relatively stable.Conclusion:A significant survival improvement in esophageal cancer was seen from 1973 to 2009, largely because of earlier detection at a curative stage and greater utilization of treatment modalities (especially surgery). Despite the rising prevalence, patients with EAC have better long‐term survival outcomes than those SCC.
Sustained viral response and treatment‐induced cytopenia correlate with SLCs and KLF12 genotypes in interferon/ribavirin‐treated Chinese chronic hepatitis C patients
Authors: Mei Ruqi , Chi Xiumei , Wu Ruihong , Xu Hongqin , Wang Xiaomei , Gao Xiuzhu , Sun Haibo , Lv Juan , Yu Ge , Kong Fei , Jiang Jing , Sun Bing , Zhong Jin , Pan Yu , Niu Junqi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackground and aimGenetic variations in solute carrier (SLC) genes are associated with liver diseases, and Kruppel‐like factor 12 (KLF12) affects the b chain of hemoglobin. We investigated possible correlations of SLC and KLF12 polymorphisms with viral clearance (spontaneous and treatment‐induced) and adverse effects in Chinese chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.MethodsWe genotyped the single nucleotide polymorphisms in 525 CHC patients, 137 patients with spontaneous clearance, and 207 healthy controls. Three hundred fifty‐seven CHC patients received recombinant interferon‐alpha2b/ribavirin (IFN‐α2b/RBV) treatment, and 175 patients were chosen for analysis of drug‐induced cytopenia. All raw P‐values were corrected by the Bonferroni method.ResultsA higher rate of sustained viral response was detected in patients with SLC4A11 rs3810560 CC variant versus TT/TC variant (76.9% vs 59.2%; OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.06–5.56, P = 0.037 after adjustment), but there was no significant difference among different hepatitis C virus genotypes. RBV‐induced anemia was independently correlated with SLC29A1 rs760370 AA genotype (OR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.29–6.54, P = 0.010), and the severity of IFN‐induced thrombocytopenia was related to GG genotype (OR, 4.98; 95% CI, 1.27–19.61; P = 0.021); the detected effects held true for HCV‐2a patients but weakened in HCV‐1b patients. A reactive increase in platelet count was closely associated with KLF12 rs9543524 TT variant.ConclusionSLC4A11 rs3810560 polymorphism independently affected the sustained viral response rates in CHC patients, whereas SLC29A1 rs760370 and KLF12 rs9543524 single nucleotide polymorphisms correlated with treatment‐induced adverse events. Clearly, the predictive power varied with HCV genotypes and the reason for genotype‐dependent discrepancy was not fully understood.
Integration of albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) score into Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) system for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chan Anthony W H , Kumada Takshi , Toyoda Hidenori , Tada Toshifumi , Chong Charing C N , Mo Frankie K F , Yeo Winnie , Johnson Philip J , Lai Paul B S , Chan Anthony T C , To Ka‐Fai , Chan Stephen L 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackground and AimsThe albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) grade is a recently reported, simpler, more objective, and evidence‐based alternative to the Child–Pugh (CP) score for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to study whether ALBI grade could substitute for CP score in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) for HCC.MethodsAn international multicentre cohort (n = 3696) was accrued to compare the prognostic performance of the CP‐based and ALBI‐based BCLC system, in terms of homogeneity, discriminatory ability, and monotonicity of gradients that were numerically reflected by homogeneity likelihood, linear trend chi‐squares, and c‐indices, respectively.ResultsThe ALBI grade performed as well as CP score when integrated into the BCLC staging system in terms of predicting clinical outcome of HCC regardless of regions, etiology, and treatment options. CP‐based and ALBI‐based BCLC systems were highly concordant with weighted kappa value of 0.917. All restaged patients showed significantly different clinical outcomes compared with their original stage classification. In particular, ALBI‐based BCLC upstaged 83 (2.2%) patients from lower CP‐based BC LC stages to ALBI‐based BCLC stage D, whose median overall survival was only 3 months.ConclusionsThe overall prognostic performance of ALBI‐based and CP‐based BCLC systems was similar. It also potentially allows more precise patient selection for clinical trials on systemic agents.
In vitro behavior of poly‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid microspheres containing minocycline, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin
Authors: Torshabi Maryam , Nojehdehian Hanieh , Tabatabaei Fahimeh S. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimIn the present study, we aimed to fabricate poly‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres containing a mixture of three antibiotics—minocycline, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin (MMC)—to assess their efficacy and properties.MethodsMMC were loaded onto PLGA biopolymer microspheres at a 1:1:1 ratio using the double emulsion technique. The morphology of microspheres was observed by a (SEM). The controlled release of antibiotics was evaluated over an 18‐day period. The antibacterial efficacy of released antibiotics against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was evaluated by measuring the diameter of the growth‐inhibition zone. The cytotoxicity of MMC‐containing microspheres was also evaluated and compared using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. One‐way anova was used for the data analysis.ResultsSEM micrographs confirmed the spherical shape and smooth surface of microspheres. The adequate release of antibiotics was observed from the microspheres within the desired time period of 16–18 days. The MMC‐containing microspheres showed antibacterial activity for 11 days. Moreover, MMC‐containing microspheres showed superior cell biocompatibility compared to the free mixture of the three antibiotics (P < 0.05).ConclusionMicrospheres containing triple antibiotics showed good release, antibacterial activity for 11 days, and similar cell biocompatibility compared to the empty microspheres.
Influence of surface sealing on color stability and roughness of composite submitted to ultraviolet‐accelerated aging
Authors: Catelan Anderson , Suzuki Thaís Yumi Umeda , Becker Francisco , Briso André Luiz Fraga , dos Santos Paulo Henrique 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimIn the present study, we evaluated the influence of surface sealing on color stability and surface roughness of a composite resin after accelerated artificial aging.MethodsThirty‐two specimens of a composite were prepared. After 24 h, the specimens were polished and divided into four groups (n = 8), according to the surface sealant used, including the control, which had no sealant application. Baseline color was measured according to the CIELab system using a reflection spectrophotometer. Surface roughness was determined using a profilometer with a cut‐off of 0.25 mm. After these tests, specimens were aged for 252 h in an ultraviolet (UV)‐accelerated aging chamber. Color stability was determined by difference between coordinates obtained before and after the aging procedure. Data of color change and roughness were evaluated by anova and Fisher's exact test (α = 0.05).ResultsThe results showed that the unsealed group had the highest color change compared to other groups (P = 0.0289), and there was no significant difference between groups sealed with surface sealant (P > 0.05). The artificial aging caused an increase in roughness values independent of the experimental group studied (P = 0.0015).ConclusionThe sealed composites showed lower color change after UV aging, but all groups showed clinically‐acceptable color change, and only liquid polish decreased roughness.
Effect of preheating and shade on surface microhardness of silorane‐based composites
Authors: Theodoridis Marios , Dionysopoulos Dimitrios , Koliniotou‐Koumpia Eugenia , Dionysopoulos Pavlos , Gerasimou Paris 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of preheating and shade on the surface microhardness of silorane‐based composites.MethodsThree shades of two different types of composites were evaluated: a silorane‐based composite and a methacrylate‐based composite. The composites were tested at 23°C, and after preheating at 55°C. Five specimens were prepared for each experimental group. The top surface of the specimens was irradiated for 20 s using an LED unit. Vickers microhardness test was used to evaluate both top and bottom surfaces of the specimens, followed by 24‐h storage in the dark. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way anova and Tukey's post‐hoc test at a level of significance of α = 0.05.ResultsThere was a significant rise in microhardness as the temperature increased from 23 to 55°C for both the top and bottom surfaces of the tested composites (P < 0.05). The C2 shade of both composites exhibited the lowest microhardness (P < 0.05), while the A2 and A3 shades did not show significant differences compared to each other (P > 0.05) Filtek Silorane presented significantly lower microhardness than Filtek Z250 (P < 0.05), regardless of the temperature, shade, or depth of measurement.ConclusionsPreheating, shade, and composition of the tested composite resins affected their surface microhardness.
Effect of fiber reinforcement on microleakage of class II cavities restored with a novel G‐ænial posterior composite, silorane composite, and nanohybrid composite: an in vitro comparative study
Authors: Agrawal Vineet , Kapoor Sonali 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to compare G‐ænial, silorane, and nanoceramic composites and the effect of polyethylene fiber inserts in reducing gingival microleakage in class II composite restorations placed apical to the cementoenamel junction.MethodsStandardized class II cavities were prepared on extracted molars and randomly divided into six groups (n = 20 each): group 1, Ceram X mono; group 2, Ceram X mono + Ribbond; group 3, Filtek P90; group 4, Filtek P90 + Ribbond; group 5, G‐ænial posterior; and group 6, G‐ænial posterior + Ribbond. All specimens were subjected to a thermocycling regime, immersed in 2% methylene blue dye for 24 h, sectioned longitudinally, and examined under a stereomicroscope to assess dye penetration on a six‐point scale. The score data were subjected to statistical analysis, whereby the Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance was used for multiple group comparisons and the Mann–Whitney test for groupwise comparisons at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05.ResultsA statistically‐significant decrease in microleakage was found when Ribbond fiber was used: group 2 vs group 1 (P < 0.001), group 4 vs group 3 (P < 0.001), and group 6 vs group 5 (P < 0.001). A significant decrease in microleakage scores was found in the silorane and G‐ænial posterior composites when compared to the nanoceramic composite (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe use of polyethylene fiber, silorane composite, and G‐ænial posterior composite reduces microleakage in class II composite restorations with gingival margins below the cementoenamel junction.
Systematic review of literature: functional outcomes of implant‐prosthetic treatment in patients with surgical resection for oral cavity tumors
Authors: Said Mohamed Moustafa , Otomaru Takafumi , Sumita Yuka , Leung Katherine C.M. , Khan Zafrulla , Taniguchi Hisashi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe current systematic review was performed to assess the functional outcomes of implant‐prosthetic treatment on patients who have had surgical resection of oral cavity tumors. The assessment of function, satisfaction, or quality of life (QoL) were the major outcomes that evaluated preoperative and/or before and after implant‐prosthetic treatment. Only eight published studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Three publications evaluated chewing ability, masticatory performance, and neuromuscular function, and the other five publications used questionnaire as a method of assessment. These publications mainly reported on implant‐prosthetic treatment in mandibulectomy patients. It was found that implant‐retained prosthesis had a beneficial effect on masticatory performance and masseter muscle activity on the defect side, but not on the non‐defect side. Swallowing threshold performance and jaw movement parameters showed no significant differences between non‐implant‐retained prosthesis and implant‐retained prosthesis. Significant improvement in prosthesis and patients' satisfaction with implant‐retained prosthesis compared to non‐implant‐retained prosthesis was observed. However, general improvement in patients' QoL was not observed after implant‐prosthetic treatment. Patients with intraoral resection might benefit from implant‐retained prosthesis with regard to masticatory function and satisfaction. However, future clinical trials with an adequate sample size are needed to identify the group of patients who are likely to benefit from the implant‐prosthetic treatment modality.
Sympathetic Nervous System Synchrony in Couple Therapy
Authors: Karvonen Anu , Kykyri Virpi‐Liisa , Kaartinen Jukka , Penttonen Markku , Seikkula Jaakko 
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to test whether there is statistically significant sympathetic nervous system (SNS) synchrony between participants in couple therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first study to measure psychophysiological synchrony during therapy in a multiactor setting. The study focuses on electrodermal activity (EDA) in the second couple therapy session from 10 different cases (20 clients, 10 therapists working in pairs). The EDA concordance index was used as a measure of SNS synchrony between dyads, and synchrony was found in 85% of all the dyads. Surprisingly, co‐therapists exhibited the highest levels of synchrony, whereas couples exhibited the lowest synchrony. The client–therapist synchrony was lower than that of the co‐therapists, but higher than that of the couples.A Video Abstract is available next to the online version of this article on the JMFT web site.
Crustal reworking in a shear zone: transformation of metagranite to migmatite
Authors: Carvalho B. B. , Sawyer E. W. , Janasi V. A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study uses field, microstructural and geochemical data to investigate the processes contributing to the petrological diversity that arises when granitic continental crust is reworked. The Kinawa migmatite formed when Archean TTG crust in the São Francisco Craton, Brazil was reworked by partial melting at ~730 °C and 5–6 kbar in a regional‐scale shear zone. As a result, a relatively uniform leucogranodiorite protolith produced compositionally and microstructurally diverse diatexites and leucosomes. All outcrops of migmatite display either a magmatic foliation, flow banding or transposed leucosomes and indicate strong, melt‐present shearing. There are three types of diatexite. Grey diatexites are interpreted to be residuum, although melt segregation was incomplete in some samples. Biotite stable, H2O‐fluxed melting is inferred via the reaction Pl + Kfs + Qz + H2O = melt and geochemical modelling indicates 0.35–0.40 partial melting. Schlieren diatexites are extremely heterogeneous; residuum‐rich domains alternate with leucocratic quartzofeldspathic domains. Homogeneous diatexites have the highest SiO2 and K2O contents and are coarse‐grained, leucocratic rocks. Homogeneous diatexites, quartzofeldspathic domains from the schlieren diatexites and the leucosomes contain both plagioclase‐dominated and K‐feldspar‐dominated feldspar framework microstructures and hence were melt‐derived rocks. Both types of feldspar frameworks show evidence of tectonic compaction. Modelling the crystallization of an initial anatectic melt shows plagioclase appears first; K‐feldspar appears after ~40% crystallization. In the active shear zone setting, shear‐enhanced compaction provided an essentially continuous driving force for segregation. Thus, Kinawa migmatites with plagioclase frameworks are interpreted to have formed by shear‐enhanced compaction early in the crystallization of anatectic melt, whereas those with K‐feldspar frameworks formed later from the expelled fractionated melt. Trace element abundances in some biotite and plagioclase from the fractionated melt‐derived rocks indicate that these entrained minerals were derived from the wall rocks. Results from the Kinawa migmatites indicate that the key factor in generating petrological diversity during crustal reworking is that shear‐enhanced compaction drove melt segregation throughout the period that melt was present in the rocks. Segregation of melt during melting produced residuum and anatectic melt and their mixtures, whereas segregation during crystallization resulted in crystal fractionation and generated diverse plagioclase‐rich rocks and fractionated melts.