bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With the Hospital Arrival Time in Patients With Ischemic Stroke in Korea
Authors: Sim Jeongha , Shin Cha-Nam , An Kyungeh , Todd Michael 
Published: December 2015

Background:
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability among the Korean population. Ischemic stroke patients tend to delay arrival at the hospital and often miss the “golden” 3-hour window, which is optimal for tissue plasminogen activator treatment.

Objective:
The purposes of this study were to compare demographic, clinical/behavioral, and sociocultural characteristics of ischemic stroke patients who reside in urban and rural areas of Korea and to identify factors contributing to the time taken from symptom onset to hospital arrival.

Methods:
A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted using a structured survey in a convenience sample of 229 ischemic stroke patients in Korea.

Results:
Individuals who resided in rural areas were more likely to be female, older, less educated; had lower incomes; contacted adult children at the onset of stroke; and took a longer time to be transported to a hospital than did those who resided in urban areas (P < .05). Patients who visited an emergency room, transferred via an ambulance, contacted emergency medical services, perceived symptoms as serious, had a family history of stroke, or experienced hemiparesis as the primary stroke symptom arrived at the hospital relatively sooner, whereas patients who experienced unclear symptoms took relatively more time to arrive at the hospital following symptom onset (P < .05).

Conclusions:
Nationwide efforts are needed to promote public awareness of stroke and to develop strategies to reduce prehospital delay time for ischemic stroke patients, particularly those who reside in rural areas in Korea.
Health Literacy in Older Latinos With Heart Failure
Authors: Delgado Janet M. , Ruppar Todd M. 
Published: December 2015

Background:
By 2050, one-third of US residents will be Latino, with an incidence of heart failure (HF) higher than other ethnicities. Culturally linked risk factors and socioeconomic challenges result in cardiometabolic risks, healthcare disparities, and worsening health outcomes. Individuals with low health literacy (HL) and HF are less likely to possess tools for optimal self-care, disease management, or preventative health strategies.

Objective:
In this systematic review, we analyzed the literature studying older Latinos with HF and limited HL.

Method:
We searched the literature and used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines in an iterative process. Inclusion criteria were research studies, Latinos, HF, and HL.

Results:
Eight quantitative studies were identified for final review. Inadequate HL was reported in 87.2% of elderly Latinos. Higher HL was associated with more HF knowledge. Clinics serving minorities reported lower HL levels and higher medical complexity.

Conclusions:
Nurses and advanced practice nurses serve a pivotal role improving access and understanding of health information. Before conducting intervention research affecting clinical outcomes, it is essential to describe elderly Latinos with HF and their HL and self-care levels. Barriers identified confirm the need to alter research protocols for older adults and ensure the availability of assistive devices. The need to examine HL in older Latinos with HF is confirmed by the medical complexity of ethnic minority patients with limited HL, limited HL in the elderly, and the relationship of HL with HF knowledge. In culturally diverse populations, HL levels alone may not be reliable predictors of a person’s ability to self-manage, recognize symptoms, and develop, implement, and revise a self-care action plan to manage their health.
Haemolytic differential identification of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum isolated from a patient with diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Kang Hyesook , Park Gyunam , Kim Hyeran , Chang Kyungsoo 
Published: December 2015

Introduction:

Arcanobacterium haemolyticum (formerly known as Corynebacterium haemolyticum) is the causative agent of sore throat and also causes skin and soft tissue infections in diabetes patients. A. haemolyticum is a Gram-positive, catalase-negative, β-haemolytic bacillus. A. haemolyticum poses a diagnostic challenge in the hospital laboratory because most coryneform bacilli are considered as normal flora or contaminants, and it is therefore difficult to differentiate from β-haemolytic streptococci by colony characteristics.

Case presentation:

A. haemolyticum was isolated from a diabetic patient with foot ulcers and the isolate was identified by using a VITEK-2 system, CAMP inhibition test, reverse CAMP test and a 23S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The isolated A. haemolyticum inhibited haemolysis of Staphylococcus aureus in the CAMP test and enhanced haemolysis of Streptococcus agalactiae in the reverse CAMP test. The diabetic patient was treated with teicoplanin and imipenem, and the ulcers healed within 2 weeks.

Conclusion:
The present study suggests that a haemolytic differential method using the CAMP inhibition and reverse CAMP tests can be useful for differentiating A. haemolyticum from β-haemolytic streptococci.
Regime shifts in the Anthropocene: drivers, risks, and resilience
Authors: Rocha Juan-Carlos , Peterson Garry D. , Biggs Reinette 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMany ecosystems can experience regime shifts: surprising, large and persistent changes in the function and structure of ecosystems. Assessing whether continued global change will lead to further regime shifts, or has the potential to trigger cascading regime shifts has been a central question in global change policy. Addressing this issue has, however, been hampered by the focus of regime shift research on specific cases and types of regime shifts. To systematically assess the global risk of regime shifts we conducted a comparative analysis of 25 generic types of regime shifts across marine, terrestrial and polar systems; identifying their drivers, and impacts on ecosystem services. Our results show that the drivers of regime shifts are diverse and co-occur strongly, which suggests that continued global change can be expected to synchronously increase the risk of multiple regime shifts. Furthermore, many regime shift drivers are related to climate change and food production, whose links to the continued expansion of human activities makes them difficult to limit. Because many regime shifts can amplify the drivers of other regime shifts, continued global change can also be expected to increase the risk of cascading regime shifts. Nevertheless, the variety of scales at which regime shift drivers operate provides opportunities for reducing the risk of many types of regime shifts by addressing local or regional drivers, even in the absence of rapid reduction of global drivers.
Reminders of past choices bias decisions for reward in humans
Authors: Bornstein Aaron M. , Khaw Mel W. , Shohamy Daphna , Daw Nathaniel D. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe provide evidence that decisions are made by consulting memories for individual past experiences, and that this process can be biased in favor of past choices using incidental reminders. First, in a standard rewarded choice task, we show that a model that estimates value at decision-time using individual samples of past outcomes fits choices and decision-related neural activity better than a canonical incremental learning model. In a second experiment, we bias this sampling process by incidentally reminding participants of individual past decisions. The next decision after a reminder shows a strong influence of the action taken and value received on the reminded trial. These results provide new empirical support for a decision architecture that relies on samples of individual past choice episodes rather than incrementally averaged rewards in evaluating options, and has suggestive implications for the underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms.
What Library 2.0 has taught libraries in Taiwan about e-learning
Authors: Huang Tien-Chi 
Published: December 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to review the four elements of Library 2.0, which represents a major innovation, and adopts several pedagogical concepts to investigate other innovations libraries in Taiwan could implement to become ideal libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper presents an overview of the essential principles of Library 2.0 and examines the current state of libraries in Taiwan. The authors then present a reciprocal feedback model of Library 2.0+.

Findings
– A Library 2.0+ model and a concept map of the mutualism between e-learning education and Library 2.0+ were proposed to diminish the gap between the status quo and Library 2.0. Two recommendations are provided: to develop a library learning platform to maximize the education value of the library, and to regard library development as part of the overall community’s development. Users can access library resources anytime/anywhere by visiting the library learning platform without visiting the library. Allowing an individual approach is necessary to realize the social educational value of the library. Moreover, a Library 2.0 library engages more in community development and invites participation with participation in community first. Universities in the community would be good technology partners when developing a Library 2.0 library.

Originality/value
– Although there has been extensive research of library development in view of Library 2.0, such a topic has never been explored with an educational perspective, especially an e-learning perspective. Given that the definition of Library 2.0 is abstract and fairly broad, the authors take the view of an e-learning platform to make Library 2.0 more figurative. Moreover, through interdisciplinary exploration, concrete suggestions regarding library development are provided to librarians, especially those with similar conditions as those in Taiwan.
Exploring academic libraries’ use of Twitter: a content analysis
Authors: Al-Daihani Sultan M. , AlAwadhi Suha A. 
Published: December 2015

Purpose
– This research aims to analyze academic libraries’ Twitter content and present a categorization framework for the study of their tweets.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research adopted a statistical descriptive analysis in addition to a content analysis of the tweets. Consequently, many categories and subcategories were created to classify the tweets according to different aspects. A total of 17 academic library accounts were examined.

Findings
– The findings show that academic libraries used Twitter as a multifaceted tool. “News and announcements” received the highest score as the type of information most often posted on Twitter by libraries, followed by “library collections” and “library services”. The subcategories that received the highest scores were “library marketing and news”, “answers and referrals” and “books”. Academic libraries showed a penchant for posting links more often than other content. Other results show different patterns of communication and interaction between libraries and their Twitter followers.

Practical implications
– The categorization of tweets provides a framework for understanding how academic libraries use Twitter.

Originality/value
– As little research can be found in the library and information science literature on Twitter content analysis, this research is expected to contribute significantly. It will also support academic libraries and librarians in using Twitter more efficiently and effectively.
Corporate real estate strategies: the Nigerian experience
Authors: Oladokun Timothy Tunde , Aluko Bioye Tajudeen 
Published: December 2015

Purpose– The paper aims to contribute to the empirically scarce literature on corporate real estate management (CREM) strategies by providing meaningful insights on the different strategies likely to contribute to business performance in a developing country like Nigeria.Design/methodology/approach– Primary data collected using questionnaire administered on property managers of the 105 business organisations in the list of registered companies with the Nigerian Stock Exchange were used for the study. The questionnaire elicited information on the real estate holding pattern and the adopted strategies for acquiring and managing real estate assets. The data collected were analysed using percentages, mean and proportion method.Findings– The study established that 41 per cent of the organisations were public organisations. Others were private companies (31 per cent), government departments (18 per cent) and multi-nationals (10 per cent). The result indicated that 31.8 per cent had no CREM strategy. Strategies used were: cost reduction (18.75 per cent), facilitate production (20.17 per cent), flexibility (15.5 per cent), promote human resource objectives (10.86 per cent), promote the marketing message (4.33 per cent), promote sales and selling delivery (18.67 per cent), facilitate managerial process and knowledge (7.5 per cent) and capture real estate value (6.5 per cent). The study concluded that CREM is a useful tool that the organisations can make effective use of to improve their performance.Research limitations/implications– Limiting the scope of the study to the perception of the respondents could reflect an element of bias and might pose a great challenge to the representativeness. Also, the use of closed question questionnaire may limit the validity of the results.Practical implications– The study has major implications on business performance in Nigeria. There is the need for corporations to reappraise their real estate strategy and realign it with their corporate objective. There is also the need for Nigerian Institution of Estate Surveyors and Valuers to train its members for contemporary business requirements.Originality/value– The paper is a useful guide to corporate real estate managers in developing countries towards using real estate strategies to minimize the overall cost of their companies.
The perceived value of workplace concepts for organisations
Authors: Petrulaitiene Vitalija , Jylhä Tuuli 
Published: December 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to focus on the value of workplace concepts. The aim is twofold. First, the development of expected value into actual perceived value of workplace concept is studied together with the methods adopted to realise such value. After this, the perceived value of concepts is analysed in more detail to supplement the literature.Design/methodology/approach– The identified relationship is analysed qualitatively through six Finnish case organisations. The data were collected both through interviews and observations and analysed through coding.Findings– The actual perceived value of the workplace concepts was richer than the expected value before the workplace implementation. The direction from cost- to business- workplace strategies was noticed. Active employee involvement and orientation towards their needs, as well as also the activity-based offices with unassigned workspaces and more meeting areas, were the main tools and methods used to perceive the value.Practical implications– More organisations develop their own workplace concepts. For practitioners, this paper offers the insight on what was expected, provides the workplace concept development results and practical insights into realizing such value from the organisational perspective.Originality/value– The value of this paper lies in the relationship between the expected value from the workplace concept and the actual perceived value of the concept, along with tools and methods to perceive it.
Borrowing theories in humanitarian supply chain management
Authors: Tabaklar Tunca , Halldórsson Árni , Kovács Gyöngyi , Spens Karen 
Published: December 2015

Purpose– Within the emerging research field of humanitarian supply chain management (HSCM) the use of existing theoretical concepts and frameworks to provide explanation and understanding of the phenomena under scrutiny is not yet well understood. There is still a lack of research on which theoretical approaches are used in this field, and to what extent this emerging field “borrows” theories from other disciplines. The purpose of this paper is therefore to deepen the understanding of HSCM from a theoretical point of view by identifying and evaluating the use of theories in HSCM literature.Design/methodology/approach– A literature review is conducted based on academic journal articles included in a well-recognised and publicly available bibliography on HSCM articles (Tatham, 2015). A content analysis is applied to the articles in terms of level of theory, research methodology, disaster management stages, disaster types, and disaster name/region.Findings– A trend towards using more established, “middle- range” theories, is evident. However, the use of theoretical approaches is not evenly spread between the different phases of disaster relief. A strong emphasis on SCM as a background discipline is also mirrored in the choice of theories used, which indicates the solidification of humanitarian logistics as a primarily supply chain discipline. The lack of use of other theoretical perspectives and grand theories is, however, still evident, which provides an interesting research agenda for future research.Research limitations/implications– The use of the bibliography limits the generalisation of the findings although some trends are evident.Originality/value– This is a first review of theories used in HSCM. It provides an overview of the state of the art of HSCM research but contributes to the maturation of research in this field. The paper concludes with a research agenda.
Synergistic effect of high‐mobility group box‐1 and lipopolysaccharide on cytokine induction in bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Appavoo Elamurugan , Hajam Irshad Ahmed , Muneeswaran Narayanan Selvaraj , Kondabattula Ganesh , Bhanuprakash Veerakyathappa , Kishore Subodh 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTHigh‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is one of the potent endogenous adjuvants released by necrotic and activated innate immune cells. HMGB1 modulates innate and adaptive immune responses in humans and mice by mediating immune cells crosstalk. However, the immuno‐modulatory effects of HMGB1 in the bovine immune system are not clearly known. In this study, the effect of bovine HMGB1 alone or in combination with LPS on the expression kinetics of cytokines upon in vitro stimulation of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was investigated by quantitative PCR assay. The biological activity of bovine HMGB1 expressed in this prokaryotic expression system was confirmed by its ability to induce nitric oxide secretion in RAW 264.7 cells. The present results indicate that HMGB1 induces a more delayed TNF‐α response than does LPS in stimulated PBMCs. However, IFN‐γ, IFN‐β and IL‐12 mRNA transcription peaked at 6 hr post stimulation after both treatments. Further, HMGB1 and LPS heterocomplex up‐regulated TNF‐α, IFN‐γ and IL‐12 mRNA expression significantly than did individual TLR4 agonists. The heterocomplex also enhanced the expression of TLR4 on bovine PBMCs. In conclusion, the data indicate that HMGB1 and LPS act synergistically and enhance proinflammatory cytokines, thereby eliciting Th1 responses in bovine PBMCs. These results suggest that HMGB1 can act as an adjuvant in modulating the bovine immune system and thus lays a foundation for using HMGB1 as an adjuvant in various bovine vaccine preparations.
Do high‐impact invaders have the strongest negative effects on abundant and functionally similar resident species?
Authors: Case Erica J. , Harrison Susan , Cornell Howard V. 
Published: December 2015

Summary

Although invasive plants may out‐compete and cause local‐scale extirpations of resident species, it is widely observed that they cause few extinctions at larger spatial scales.

One possible explanation is that highly successful invaders tend to be functionally similar to, and therefore compete most strongly with, resident species that are also relatively successful and widespread. High abundance may then protect these functionally similar residents from complete extinction over large areas despite their stronger competition with the invader.

We tested this idea in a native‐rich grassland where a novel invader, Aegilops triuncialis (barb goatgrass), strongly affects community diversity at the local scale. We compared resident species abundances in paired invaded and uninvaded plots with similar soil and community characteristics and invasibility as assayed by experimentally planted Aegilops.

We found that the negative effects of the invader on abundance were strongest on resident species belonging to the same functional group as the invader (annual grasses). Within grasses, multivariate functional similarity to the invader also predicted decline in abundance under invasion.

However, we did not find the predicted general relationship between abundance, functional similarity to the invader, and tendency to decline under invasion.

Additional factors, such as spatial heterogeneity in the invaded community, must contribute to the relative scarcity of large‐scale extinctions under invasion.
The importance of autonomous selfing in preventing hybridization in three closely related plant species
Authors: Brys Rein , van Cauwenberghe Jannick , Jacquemyn Hans 
Published: December 2015

Summary

In plants that are able to self‐fertilize, autonomous selfing has been hypothesized to function as an effective mechanism that prevents heterospecific mating. However, there have only been few studies that have assessed the relative and absolute contribution of different modes of selfing to total reproductive isolation acting between species. Because selfing can be expected to increase fitness costs when offspring are sired from more outcrossing sister taxa, it can be hypothesized that the contribution of post‐zygotic barriers to total reproductive isolation becomes stronger in selfing than in more outcrossing relatives.

To assess the efficiency of different modes of selfing against heterospecific mating, we conducted mixed‐pollination experiments in three Centaurium species showing strong differences in mating system (i.e. delayed selfing in Centaurium erythraea, competing selfing in C. littorale and prior selfing in C. pulchellum). The contribution of selfing to total reproductive isolation was further examined by quantifying the strength of three pre‐zygotic (flowering phenology, pollinator fidelity and pollen production) and four intrinsic post‐zygotic (seed set and germination, survival and flowering capacity) barriers for each of the six species pair combinations.

Although autonomous selfing as a reproductive barrier was unable to completely impede gene flow, its efficiency as a mechanism to prevents heterospecific pollination strongly depended on the mode of selfing, with prior selfing being by far the most efficient mechanism and delayed selfing only offering a limited protection against hybrid fertilization at the end of a flower's lifetime. Apart from the prevention effect of selfing, differences in pollinator fidelity and pollen production also contributed substantially to total reproductive isolation.

Post‐zygotic hybrid costs were high and most prevalent for seed production and germination success. Reductions in hybrid vigour were significantly associated with the mating system of the maternal species, with the highest reductions in the most selfing C. pulchellum and the lowest reductions in predominant outcrossing C. erythraea.

Synthesis. Our findings indicate that selfing may prevent species from interspecific gene flow and hybridization. The association between the capacity to self‐autonomously and hybrid vigour further suggests that selfing may foster post‐zygotic costs following hybridization.