bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcome and Fusion Rate Following Simultaneous Subtalar Fusion and Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Usuelli Federico G. , Maccario Camilla , Manzi Luigi , Gross Christopher Edward 
Published: March 2016

Background: Patients with arthritis or severe dysfunction involving both the ankle and subtalar joints can benefit from tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) arthrodesis or total ankle replacement and subtalar fusion. TTC fusion is considered by many as a salvage operation resulting in a stiff ankle and hindfoot, considerably limiting global foot function. With the evolution of prosthetic design and operative techniques, total ankle replacement (TAR) has become a reasonable alternative to arthrodesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the fusion rate of the subtalar joint in patients simultaneously treated with total ankle replacement (TAR) and subtalar joint fusion. Methods: This study included 25 patients who underwent primary TAR and simultaneous subtalar fusion between May 2011 and November 2014. Sixteen males (64%) and 9 females (36%) were enrolled with a mean age of 58 years (25-82). Patients were clinically assessed preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Total follow-up time was 24.2 ± 11.6 months. Radiographic examination included a postoperative computed tomographic (CT) scan obtained 12 months after surgery. Three surgeons independently reviewed the CT scans and interobserver reliability was calculated. Functional scores were also assessed. Results: At 12 months postoperatively, the subtalar fusion rate in patients treated with TAR and simultaneous subtalar fusion was 92%. There was a statistically significant increase in American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle/hindfoot score from 27.9 to 75.1. Ankle range of motion significantly increased from 12 to 32.8 degrees. Additionally, there was a statistically significant decrease in visual analog scale pain score from 8.6 to 2.1. Conclusions: TAR and simultaneous subtalar joint fusion were reliable procedures for the treatment of ankle and subtalar joint arthritis. Furthermore, CT scans showed an excellent reliability among orthopedic surgeons in determining the degree of successful fusion of subtalar arthrodesis. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
The Reverse Ludloff Osteotomy for Bunionette Deformity
Authors: Waizy Hazibullah , Jastifer James R. , Stukenborg-Colsman Christina , Claassen Leif 
Published: March 2016

Background. The typical bunionette deformity often presents as pain over the lateral margin of the fifth metatarsal head. There have been numerous operative treatments described for this pathology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results after a reverse Ludloff osteotomy in cases of severe bunionette deformities. Methods. Between 2008 and 2012, 16 patients received a reverse Ludloff osteotomy of the fifth metatarsal due to a symptomatic type II or III bunionette that failed nonoperative treatment. We retrospectively reviewed charts, radiographic images, postoperative AOFAS (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) lesser toe scores, and the EQ-5D at a mean of 41.9 months (range, 31-74 months) of follow-up. Additionally, limitation in activities of daily living, pain, and patient satisfaction were assessed. Results. At latest follow-up, the mean AOFAS lesser toe score was 86.6 points and the mean EQ-5D score was 14.1. Fifteen patients had no or only little limitations. Fifteen out of 16 patients were satisfied or predominantly satisfied. Radiographic analysis showed for type II deformities a correction of the lateral bowing from 8.1° down to 0.67° (P < .001). The fourth-fifth intermetatarsal angle (4-5 IMA) improved from a mean of 13.2° to a mean of 5.2° (P < .001). The length of the fifth metatarsal was unchanged (P > .05). There were no observed complications, and no revision was necessary. Conclusion. In the present study, the reverse Ludloff osteotomy had a high satisfaction rate and no complications. It provided radiographic correction of the deformity and may be considered in the surgical treatment of severe bunionette deformities. Levels of evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case series
Clozapine-induced hypersalivation: an estimate of prevalence, severity and impact on quality of life
Authors: Maher Senan , Cunningham Aoife , O’Callaghan Niamh , Byrne Fintan , Mc Donald Colm , McInerney Shane , Hallahan Brian 
Published: March 2016

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of clozapine-induced hypersalivation, and assess the impact hypersalivation has on global functioning. Methods: Participants attending a dedicated clozapine clinic were invited to undertake a structured interview regarding their experiences of clozapine-induced hypersalivation. Two psychometric instruments to measure hypersalivation, the Nocturnal Hypersalivation Rating Scale and the Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale were used. Results: Clozapine-induced hypersalivation was experienced by 92% of participants, with nocturnal hypersalivation more prevalent compared to daytime hypersalivation (85% versus 48%). Daytime drooling was severe in 18% of cases and was present on a frequent or constant basis for 20% of individuals. Hypersalivation had at least a moderate impact on the quality of life of 15% of study participants. Conclusions: Clozapine-induced hypersalivation is the most prevalent adverse effect experienced by patients treated with clozapine and negatively impacts on quality of life, particularly if daytime drooling is present. The development of further strategies to ameliorate this adverse effect is required given the demonstrated lack of success to date in managing this condition.
Patellofemoral dysbalance due to femoral deformities - diagnostic, therapy and results
Authors: Dickschas Jörg , Strecker Wolf , Harrer Jörg , Ferner Felix 
Published: March 2016

Aims and Objectives: Anterior knee pain or patellofemoral instability are typical symptoms of patellofemoral dysbalance. Beside other reasons, this pathology can be caused by a femoral deformity. The two dimensions leading to this problems are torsional- and valgus deformities. This constellation often stays unrecognized. When diagnosed and analyzed, a femoral torsional or varization-osteotomy is the adequate treatment. Aim of this study was to show the diagnostic approach, the gold standard of therapy and the follow up results. Can patellofemoral stability be archived? Is the pain relief significant and how do clinical scores develop at the follow up? Materials and Methods: 33 femoral torsional osteotomies and 18 femoral varization osteotomies were included in this study, 5 of these were combined femoral varization and torsional corrections so that 46 knees are included in 41 patients, as 5 patients were operated on both legs. Major symptoms were patellofemoral dislocations in 28 cases and anterior knee pain in 26 cases. Beside clinical and radiographic evaluation full weight bearing long leg views and a torsional computertomography was always performed. Follow up examination was after 41 (6-113) months. Visual analog scala score, Japanese Knee Society Score, Tegner activity score and Lysholm score were taken before surgery and at the follow up. Results: Mechanical femorotibial valgus was on average 6,4° (5°-10°), femoral internal torsion was in average 40,9° (29°-66°; normal: 24°). Surgical treatment was performed with an arthroscopy followed by an acute femoral varization 7,2°(5°-10°) and / or external torsion osteotomy of 13.8° (5°-26°). Tegner activity score, Japanese knee society score and Lysholm score all significantly improved. Pain relief could be demonstrated as shown by a significant decrease of the VAS score. No further dislocation was reported during the follow up period. Conclusion: Valgus or torsional deformities of the femur frequently lead to symptoms of the patellofemoral joint associated with anterior knee pain or instability. These deformities often stay undetected, leading to a long history of illness and surgical interventions not adressing the source of the symptoms. After thorough assessment and diagnostics a treatment plan involving an acute femoral varization / external torsion osteotomy should be scheduled. Correct surgical indication and performance leads to a significant pain relief and patellofemoral stability as can be demonstrated during follow up examination.
Polyurethane scaffold for the treatment of medial meniscus deficiency: clinical and mri outcomes at 48 months follw-up
Authors: Efe Turgay , Schüttler Karl , Roessler Philip , Haberhauer Felix 
Published: March 2016

Aims and Objectives: The preservation of meniscal structure and function after segmental meniscal loss is of crucial importance to prevent early development of osteoarthritis. Implantation of artificial meniscal implants has been reported as a feasible treatment option. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results 4 years after implantation of a polyurethane scaffold for chronic segmental medial meniscus deficiency following partial medial meniscectomy. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients received arthroscopic implantation of an Actifit® polyurethane meniscal implant (Orteq S Medicine, London, UK) for deficiency of the medial meniscus. Patients were followed at 6, 12, 24 and 48 months. Clinical outcome was assessed using established patient-reported outcome scores (KOOS, KSS, UCLA activity scale, VAS for pain). Radiological outcome was quantified by MRI scans after 6, 12, 24 and 48 months evaluating scaffold morphology, tissue integration and status of the articular cartilage as well as signs of inflammation. Results: Mean patient age was 29.3 years (range 18 to 47 years) with a mean meniscal defect size of 46 mm (range 35 to 62 mm). Continuing improvement of the VAS and KSS Knee and Function Scores could be observed after 48 months compared to baseline, whereas improvement of the activity level according to UCLA continued only up to 24 months and decreased from there on. The KOOS Score showed significant improvement in all dimensions. MRI scans showed reappearance of bone bruises in 2 patients with scaffold extrusion. No significant changes of the articular cartilage could be perceived. Conclusion: Arthroscopic treatment of patients with chronic segmental meniscal loss using the a polyurethane meniscal implant can achieve sustainable mid-term results regarding pain reduction and knee function.
1 Year LIGAMYS - our own results, examples and problems with this innovative new procedure in anterior cruciate ligament surgery
Authors: Stößlein Robert , Reuther Falk 
Published: March 2016

Aims and Objectives: In sporty and active patient with rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament the plastic with hamstring tendons ist the standard procedure. Resection of the ACL results in new anatomic conditions and loss of proprioception of the knee. The dynamic intraligamentary stabilsation of the anterior cruciate ligament (LIGAMYS) was developed to obtain the anterior cruciate ligament due to the protection of a moderate posterior drawer and a stabile polyethlyen cable. Materials and Methods: During 1 year of observation we operated 30 patient with freshly ruptured ACLs with LIGAMYS. We documented patient-related factor such as age, sport level, profession, activity (Tegner score). Results: From march 2014 till april 2015 we operated 30 Patients with freshly ruptured anterior cruciate ligaments with LIGAMYS; in 29 cases the outcome was very well, all patients recovered in a short time with a stable and healthy function of the operated knee. All 29 patients reached full professionell and athletic function within 4 month after operation. Conclusion: The arthroscopic dynamic stabilisation of the anterior cruciate ligament ruptur with LIGAMYS is in our opinion till today a very safe and succesfull method to stabilize the ACL-rupture. Nevertheless more results in long-term-survival are needed, because the latest results from Switzerland document very good 3-year-results, a longer observation period is needed to obtain a generell recommendation for this technique. In our opinion LIGAMYS is a perfect and revolutionary additional method in treating ACL-ruptures before a plastic with hamstrings or ligament is needed.
Does Fatigue Alter Pitching Mechanics?
Authors: Chalmers Peter Nissen , Erickson Brandon J. , Sgroi Terrance , Vignona Peter , Lesniak Matthew , Bush-Joseph Charles A. , Verma Nikhil N. , Romeo Anthony A. 
Published: March 2016

Objectives: Background: Injuries of the adolescent shoulder and elbow are common in baseball pitchers. Fatigue has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for injury. Purpose: To determine if shoulder and elbow kinematics, pitching velocity, accuracy, and pain change during a simulated full baseball game in adolescent pitchers. Methods: Methods: Adolescent pitchers between the ages of 13-16 were recruited to throw a 90 pitch simulated game. Shoulder range of motion was assessed before and after the game. Velocity and accuracy were measured for every pitch and every 15th pitch was videotaped from two orthogonal views in high definition at 240 Hz. Quantitative and qualitative mechanics were measured from these videos. Perceived fatigue and pain were assessed after each inning using the visual analog scale. Data was statistically analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: Results: Twenty-eight elite adolescent pitchers were included. These pitchers, on average, were 14.6±0.9 years old (mean ± standard deviation), had been pitching for 6.3±1.7 years, and threw 94±58 pitches per week. Our experimental model functioned as expected in that pitchers became progressively more fatigued and painful and pitched with a lower velocity as pitch number increased (p<0.001, 0.001, and <0.001 respectively). Knee flexion at ball release progressively increased with pitch number (p=0.008). Hip and shoulder separation significantly decreased as pitch number increased, from 90%±40% at pitch 15 to 40%±50% at pitch 90 (p0.271 in all cases, 91% power for elbow flexion at ball release). External rotation and total range of motion in the pitching shoulder significantly increased post-pitching (p=0.007 and 0.047 respectively). Conclusion: Conclusion: As pitchers progress through a simulated game they throw lower velocity pitches and become fatigued and painful. Core and leg musculature becomes fatigued before upper extremity kinematics change. Based upon these results, the authors hypothesize that core and leg strengthening may be valuable adjuncts to prevent upper extremity injury.
Functional Movement Screen and Prior Injury in National Football League Combine Athletes
Authors: Slone Harris S. , Karas Spero G. , Shani Raj H. , East Megan , Barfield William R. 
Published: March 2016

Objectives: Functional Movement Screen (FMS) testing is frequently used to assess deficits in range of motion, balance, and stability. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the results of the FMS performed at the National Football League (NFL) Combine were associated with a history of previous injury in the elite collegiate athlete. Methods: Records from 1263 athletes participating in FMS testing at the NFL Combine over a five-year period were reviewed. Player position, injury history (including total number of injuries), the need for surgery, and number of games missed due to injury was recorded. Comparisons between FMS score, the number of asymmetries during FMS testing, position and injury history were performed. A one-way analysis of variance was performed with Tukey post-hoc comparisons to compare FMS score and position. Chi-square was used for all categorical and dichotomous variable comparisons. Spearman correlation was also used to assess the relationship between FMS, number of asymmetries, number of games missed and number of injuries recorded. The a priori alpha level was established at p ≤.05 Results: Overall 1228 (97.2%) of participants reported one or more injuries. Average FMS score was 13.8 ± 2.4. Offensive and defensive lineman were more likely to score lower on the FMS (p<.001). No significant difference was seen between total FMS score and number of injuries (p=.806) or number of games missed due to injury (p=.714). A significant difference was noted between the number of asymmetries during FMS testing and number of games missed (p=.002), however when games missed was stratified between zero missed games and one or more games, no significant differences were noted. (p=.628). There was also no correlation between FMS asymmetries and number of injuries (p=.362). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that within elite athletes at the NFL Combine, no correlation exists between prior injury history and FMS score. A comparison between FMS asymmetry and the number of games missed was significant when games missed was not stratified, however when games missed was stratified the statistical significance was eliminated. There was no difference between asymmetries and total number of injuries. Caution should be exercised when attempting to evaluate an athlete’s FMS performance with specific movement patterns perceived to be reflective of past injury. Ultimately, further research is required to clearly outline the utility and efficacy of the FMS in the elite American football population.
Chemo-genomic interrogation of CEBPA mutated AML reveals recurrent CSF3R mutations and subgroup sensitivity to JAK inhibitors
Authors: Lavallée Vincent-Philippe , Krosl Jana , Lemieux Sébastien , Boucher Geneviève , Gendron Patrick , Pabst Caroline , Boivin Isabel , Marinier Anne , Guidos Cynthia J. , Meloche Sylvain , Hébert Josée , Sauvageau Guy 
Published: March 2016

Key Points
CSF3R was the most frequently mutated gene identified in this CEBPAbi AML cohort analyzed by next-generation sequencing. CEBPA bi AML that have a characteristic transcriptomic profile are more sensitive to JAK inhibitors than CEBPAwt AML.
Inequalities in lung cancer: a world ofEGFR
Authors: Carbonnaux Mélodie , Souquet Pierre-Jean , Meert Anne-Pascale , Scherpereel Arnaud , Peters Matthew , Couraud Sébastien 
Published: March 2016

Epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutation status has emerged as a crucial issue in lung cancer management. Availability and cost of tests and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may vary as a function of country development.We conducted a prospective specialist opinion survey to mapEGFRtest and EGFR-TKI availability and detect associations with the Human Development Index (HDI). A questionnaire was sent to specialists in thoracic oncology in all United Nations Member States.We obtained responses from 74 countries, comprising 78% of the worldwide population. Nonresponding countries had significantly lower HDI rank than responding countries.EGFRmutation analysis was routinely available in 57 countries (70% of the worldwide population). The cost of the test was <US$500 in 49 countries (42.5% of the worldwide population). Test availability and cost were both significantly linked to HDI. Erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib and icotinib were routinely available in 75%, 66%, 31% and 23% of the worldwide population, respectively, also associated with HDI.EGFRmutation testing and EGFR-TKIs are widely accessible in routine practice worldwide. However, there are large discrepancies in access to this innovative treatment path and in its cost for patients as a function of country development.
Prevalence of and treatment outcomes for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea identified by preoperative screening compared with clinician referrals
Authors: Dwarakanath Akshay , Palissery Vinod , Elliott Mark W. 
Published: March 2016

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has implications perioperatively. We compared the prevalence of OSA and outcome with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients diagnosed through preoperative screening and following referrals from other clinicians.Among 1412 patients (62% males) the prevalence of OSA, Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS), the number referred for CPAP, and short and longer term use of CPAP were compared between the two groups.The prevalence of OSA was similar (62%versus58%). There were differences in mean±sdage (61±16versus55±13 years; p<0.0001), ESS (11±6versus8±5; p<0.0001) and oxygen desaturation index (22±20versus19±17; p=0.039). Clinician-referred patients were more likely to be offered CPAP (p<0.0001; OR 2.84). Pre-assessment patients with mild OSA were less likely to continue CPAP long term (p=0.002; OR 6.8). No difference was seen between moderate and severe OSA patients.The prevalence of OSA was similar in both groups but pre-assessment patients were younger and less symptomatic. Preoperative screening of patients is worthwhile, independent of any effect of CPAP upon surgical outcomes; younger and less symptomatic patients are identified earlier. Pre-assessment patients with mild OSA were less likely to use CPAP; this should be considered when offering CPAP to these patients prior to surgery.
Outcome of incidentally detected airway nodules
Authors: Kim Hyung-Jun , Kim Deog Kyeom , Kim Young Whan , Lee Yeon Joo , Park Jong Sun , Cho Young-Jae , Kim Se Joong , Yoon Ho Il , Lee Jae Ho , Lee Choon-Taek 
Published: March 2016

Low-dose chest computed tomography (LDCT) screening increased detection of airway nodules. Most nodules appear to be secretions, but pathological lesions may show similar findings. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends repeating LDCT after 1 month and proceeding to bronchoscopy if the nodules persist. However, no reports exist about incidentally detected airway nodules. We investigated the significance of airway nodules detected by LDCT screening.We screened patients with incidental airway nodules detected by LDCT in the Seoul National University Hospital group. The characteristics of computed tomography, bronchoscopy, pathology and clinical findings were analysed.Among 53 036 individuals who underwent LDCT screening, 313 (0.6%) had airway nodules. Of these, 186 (59.4%) were followed-up with chest computed tomography and/or bronchoscopy. Seven (3.8%) cases had significant lesions, including leiomyoma (n=2), endobronchial tuberculosis (n=2), chronic inflammation (n=1), hamartoma (n=1) and benign granuloma (n=1). The remaining 179 lesions were transient, suggesting that they were secretions.The use of LDCT for lung cancer screening demonstrated the low incidence of airway lesions. Most lesions were transient secretions. True pathological lesions were rare, and no malignant lesion was found. The current recommendation of the NCCN guideline is a reasonable approach that can avoid unnecessary bronchoscopy.
The effect of noise-induced variance on parameter recovery from reaction times
Authors: Vadillo Miguel A. , Garaizar Pablo 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background
Technical noise can compromise the precision and accuracy of the reaction times collected in psychological experiments, especially in the case of Internet-based studies. Although this noise seems to have only a small impact on traditional statistical analyses, its effects on model fit to reaction-time distributions remains unexplored.

Results
Across four simulations we study the impact of technical noise on parameter recovery from data generated from an ex-Gaussian distribution and from a Ratcliff Diffusion Model. Our results suggest that the impact of noise-induced variance tends to be limited to specific parameters and conditions.

Conclusions
Although we encourage researchers to adopt all measures to reduce the impact of noise on reaction-time experiments, we conclude that the typical amount of noise-induced variance found in these experiments does not pose substantial problems for statistical analyses based on model fitting.