bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Telecommunications for Competitive Advantage—the Approach of the European Multinationals
Authors: Lewin David 
Published: July 2017

This paper looks at the business drivers facing European companies and the way these drivers are changing their use of telecommunications. The findings are based on Ovum’s European Telecommunications Users Panel. This consists of over 100 international and multinational companies providing information to Ovum five times a year on their changing use of telecommunications. The paper looks at trends from the telecommunications manager’s viewpoint. It identifies three main forces which affect him: the business strategies of his organisation which, with improvements in economic climate, are moving from cost cutting to global business expansion. the changing information systems requirements of his organisation, where the demand for high bandwidth data services is growing rapidly the changing patterns of supply of telecommunication services—in terms of products available, price and quality of supply. Here competition is changing the situation rapidly Overall the paper shows that the role of the telecommunications manager in Europe is changing. Up until now the telecommunications manager has dealt with the operational and technical issues involved in running a private network for his company. Now he is adopting more of a strategic, business oriented role in which he matches business and information system needs to the most effective telecommunications solutions, selected from a range of competing suppliers.
Ignorance and Ideological Hegemony: A Critique of Neoclassical Economics
Authors: Thompson Herb 
Published: July 2017

Neoclassical economists increasingly devise compelling, mathematically elegant hypotheses with dubious, to say the least, policy relevance. They are also most reluctant to engage in conversation with alternative paradigmatic schools (eg., feminists, Marxists, Institutionalists or Post-Keynesians). In doing so they have become intellectually incestuous, and unconcerned about being unaware of what they don’t know (defined as ignorance-squared). Ignorance-squared does not merely imply a lack of knowledge, but also the possibility that it is being produced. It is argued that neoclassical economists, as traditional intellectuals, cultivate the social production of ignorance, and propagate it to their students, in the struggle for ideas. This is done through narrow pedagogy, delineation of research parameters, and by constraining the production and presentation of non-neoclassical knowledge. While a number of reasons exist for the intellectual narrowing of the discipline, one fundamental answer to the query “why is this the case?” may be found in the notion of ideological hegemony.
Biblical Reflections for Mission in the New Millennium
Authors: Samuel Vinay 
Published: July 2017

We need to renew a Christian social vision for the new millennium. By social vision is meant a view of society in all its dimensions which expresses a view of humanity rooted in an understanding of who human beings are and can become. There are many possible social visions. There is a weariness with social involvement. Quite a bit of involvement has not produced the expected results. Studies have shown that some of the Latin American church growth is a wish of the pastors rather than a representation of reality.
On Loving with Hope: Eschatology and Social Responsibility
Authors: Volf Miroslav 
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this short article is to argue that it is both possible and theologically wise to construct Christian social ethics within the framework of belief in the eschatological continuity between present and future creation. This is a response to Stephen Williams' article, but is also a development of my own line of thought.1 Williams calls into question the general position that a this-wordly eschatology is the best or even an adequate framework for thinking about Christian social responsibility. I will respond in five short steps. First, I will say why one should construct Christian social ethics within an eschatological framework. Second, I will argue in favour of eschatological transformation instead of annihilation of the (non-human) creation. Third, I shall draw some implications for social ethics from the belief in eschatological transformation. Fourth, I will discuss the plausibility of believing in the integration of the results of human work into God's new creation. Finally, I will reflect on the bearing of the fact and form of eschatological transformation on Christian cultural, social and ecological involvement.
Minimum Weight Design of Reticular Space Structures: A Computer Aided System
Authors: Tegola Antonio La , Ombres Luciano , Pecora Corrado 
Published: July 2017

In this work, by the definition of a computer aided system, we describe an optimisation procedure of reticular space structures based on the search of the minimum volume of the bars. The design system is based on classical methods of solution of minimum problems, the Feasible Regulation Method and the Optimality Criteria Method, adapted to this problem of defining again the stability and convergence parameters. The research of the optimal solution is carried out with reference to popular commercial sections (tubes) taking into account dimensional constrains imposed by the industrial production and design codes. The results of some numerical examples show the versatility and the efficiency of the design system with regard to reticular structures of any shape and dimension.
The Covering Structure of the S. Nicola Stadium of Bari (Italy)
Authors: Prete Giuseppe 
Published: July 2017

On the occasion of the “1990 Football World Cup” the new S. Nicola Stadium, one of most significant examples in sports constructions for such event carried out in Italy, was erected in Bari. The original shape and the spatial static behaviour that characterize this work, emphasize the close connection between Architecture and Engineering required by projects of this kind. In the paper the main aspects of the design and structural features are briefly described, analysing with careful attention the concept and accomplishment of the covering steel structure.
Manual dexterity and keyboard use in spastic hemiparesis: a comparison between the impaired hand and the ‘good’ hand on a number of performance measures
Authors: Steenbergen Bert , Veringa Arjen , de Haan A B , Hulstijn Wouter 
Published: July 2017

Objective: To assess the functional deficits in tapping performance of subjects with spastic hemiparesis. Design: In a pilot study, typing performance on a computer keyboard was examined on a number of performance measures. Setting: Department of Research and Development at the Werkenrode Institute. Subjects: Four subjects (mean age 16.4 years, standard deviation 1.8 years) with cerebral palsy and diagnosed as having spastic hemiparesis. Interventions: Subjects had to type a sequence of one or more keys as quickly as possible within an 8 second period with the fingers of both hands separately. Main outcome measures: The average number of good and false responses were calculated. Within the false response category, four, mutually exclusive, types of errors were distinguished; wrong key, repetition, registrations under 75 ms and holding. Speed and regularity of the typing responses were also established. Results: The ‘good’ hand outperformed the impaired hand on all performance measures except on the amount of repetition errors made. The holding error was only present for the impaired hand, and there was an increase in holding errors from the index to the little finger in this hand. In addition, the impaired hand performed the task with a slower speed and in a more irregular fashion. Conclusions: The results are discussed with reference to keyboard design. It is concluded that the standard ‘QWERTY’ keyboard hampers typing performance extensively, especially for subjects with left spastic hemiparesis. A learning method is presented in which the role of an external pacer (e.g. metronome) is discussed. This device can initially be used to decrease movement variability and, eventually, for increasing movement speed.
Bilateral Renal Hypoplasia of the Pig
Authors: Cordes D. O. , Dodd D. C. 
Published: July 2017

Bilateral renal hypoplasia of the pig is described and is compared with a previous description. The defect was observed in 19 piglets out of a total of 73 born in eight litters, sired by one Large White boar. Twelve affected piglets died at or soon after birth and 7 died between the ages of 11 and 69 days. Inheritance by a simple autosomal recessive factor is suggested by the evidence. Grossly the condition was characterized by varying degrees of hypoplasia and persistence of foetal lobulation. Microscopically, the dominant feature was the poor development of the collecting tubule system. It is concluded that the basic defect is a failure of development of mesonephric mesenchyme.
Die Follikel des Nebennierenmarks der Wiederkäuer
Authors: Smollich A. 
Published: July 2017

Follicular formations, with a structural resemblance to thyroid follicles, and glandular duct-like medullary formations are found relatively often in the adrenal medulla of various ruminants. They occur in the peripheral medullary zone and consequently are comprised of a similar type of cell (A-cells according to Klein and Kracht). Illustrations are given of adrenal follicles in the ox, giraffe, and various deer. The appearance of the follicles coincides in part with pronounced morphokinesia in the entire medullary area, resulting on the one hand in extreme nuclear swelling with increase in volume of the nucleoli, and on the other hand, a sometimes extensive degeneration of the medullary epithelium. The follicular epithelium often shows phenomena of active secretion in the form of vacuoles and production of homogeneous ball-like formations measuring 1–10.5μ. In addition desquamation of the medullary cells and their disintegration can be observed in the follicular lumen. These appearances suggest that the formation of follicles may be considered a morphological manifestation of an acute or extreme functional stress of the adrenal medulla.
Experimental Allergic Neuritis in the Chicken
Authors: Petek M. , Quaglio G. L. 
Published: July 2017

Experimental allergic neuritis was reproduced in chickens, by inoculation of chicken and guinea pig nerves in complete Freund's adjuvant. Paralysis was observed in a percentage of inoculated birds. Histopathologically this experimental autoimmune disease was characterized by severe demyelination of peripheral nerves in all experimental animals. In addition, oedema and/or lymphoid infiltration occurred in some of the animals. The similarity of experimental allergic neuritis to the inflammatory lesions of Marek's disease is stressed and the possible role of autoimmune processes in the pathogenesis of Marek's disease is discussed.
Political and Occupational Barriers to the Implementation of Affirmative Action: Administrative, Executive, and Legislative Attitudes toward Representative Bureaucracy
Authors: Daley Dennis 
Published: July 2017

This article reports the results of a five-state survey of administrators, executives, and legislators from Florida, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, and Wisconsin. The survey was conducted in 1979 regarding attitudes toward representative bureaucracy/affirmative action and policies in support of improved conditions for ethnic minorities and women. Government elites are divided in their views of representative bureaucracy with more registering disapproval than approval; however, this “opposition” is not supported by demands that less effort be expended on such efforts. Political and occupational characteristics (ideology, party, state, age, seniority, and education) show slight effect. Some evidence exists supporting a self-interest thesis among administrators and a general politicization of the topic.
Complications in Chemical Peeling of the Dark-Skinned Patient
Authors: Dunwell Patricia Ann 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: There are fundamental histologic and physiologic differences in the dark-skinned patient compared to the fair-skinned patient. These differences largely determine the variation in response to and the indications for chemical peeling. This study was designed to assess the incidence of complications after superficial and medium-depth peeling in dark-skinned patients. Materials and Methods: All patients treated for postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, acne vulgaris, scarring, and melasma were pretreated nightly with tretinoin 0.05% and hydroquinone 2% to the affected areas. Ten percent glycolic acid and SPF 17 sunblocking lotion was applied daily in all cases and to all anatomic units to be treated. The peel solutions used were 70% glycolic acid for a superficial peel and 70% glycolic acid with 35% trichloroacetic acid for a medium-depth peel. Four hundred patients were evaluated by 2 independent examiners for possible complications. Results: Clinically the combination of glycolic acid and trichloroacetic acid was safe and effective in peeling the dark-skinned patient. In this series of patients, 62% had a very satisfactory response; 25%, satisfactory; and 10%, unsatisfactory. A total of 3% were not reviewed. Complications included patchy hyperpigmentation (21%), prolonged erythema (2%), scarring (0.8%), milia (0.4%), and poor physician/patient rapport (0.4%). Conclusions: If melanocytic activity is modulated before and after peeling, the risk of complications in peeling the dark-skinned patient can be reduced. The risk of complications can also be reduced if the superficial peel is applied to the entire anatomic unit and followed by the medium-depth application in spots and patches only to the areas of severe pathology. The destroyed stratum corneum immediately following peeling allows deeper penetration of hydroquinone with better resolution of hyperpigmentation.
Low-Level Laser-Assisted Lipoplasty Appearance of Fat Demonstrated by MRI on Abdominal Tissue
Authors: Neira Rodrigo , Jackson Robert , Dedo Douglas , Ortiz Clara Lucia , Arroyave Jose Alejandro 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: In an effort to study the changes of subcutaneous fat after exposure to a low-level diode laser and tumescent infiltration, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are presented. The subcutaneous abdominal fat is exposed for 4 and 6 minutes irradiation time. This has previously been studied using a scanning electron microscope. The anatomical characteristics of the superficial and deep fat previously described by other authors are correlated with the scanning electron microscope and MRI. The changes in the characteristics of the fat before and after tumescence and before and after application of the low-level diode laser are shown. Materials and Methods: By using MRI techniques, 3 patients were evaluated prior to infiltrating the subcutaneous tissue with tumescent fluid with T1 and T2 sequences. The same patients were evaluated again after applying or infiltrating the tumescence and again after exposure using the low-level laser beam for 4 and 6 minutes. Conclusion: The MRI showed no laser exposure in the T1 sequence; the adipose tissue, both superficially and deep, appears to have a bright signal and is homogenously distributed. After 4 minutes of laser exposure, the T1 sequence demonstrated that the adipose tissue is partially coalescent and has changed its signal. After 6 minutes of laser exposure, the MRI demonstrated that the adipose tissue is much more coalescent and is blurred. The fatty density and organization seems to have changed completely after exposure to the laser beam for this period of time. (The scanning electron microscope revealed that at this particular time 100% of the fat was in the interstitial space and the transitory pore was now open.) The MRI evaluation of the subcutaneous fat seems to correlate well with the findings of the scanning electron microscope, showing that there is a definite change in the consistency of the subcutaneous fat following exposure to the low-level electronic diode laser.
Flaps: Salvage for Augmentation Catastrophes
Authors: Scholze R. , Morgan W. R. 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Massive, uncontrollable capsular fibrosis remains the main problem with silicone-gel implants used for heterologic volume substitution. Materials and Methods: The limitation of the standard methods for cosmetic augmentation or oncological-related subcutaneous mastectomies are represented and discussed using 2 typical, problematic cases as examples. Catastrophic results can be salvaged using de-epithelialized distant tissue flaps. Results: Of the 34 patients, 84% were treated with latissimus dorsal flaps, and 15% with split transverse abdominis flaps. No severe complications, like total or partial loss of the flaps, were observed in the first or second group. Persistent seroma on the donor site was an annoying but surmountable problem. The achieved cosmetic outcome was satisfying and none of the patients regretted the surgery. Discussion: In attempts at correction, the type and site of the implant should only be changed once following capsulectomy in order to avoid further damage to the skin or the remaining glandular tissue already subjected to pressure atrophy. Only through early conversion to autologous de-epithelialized tissue (usually the latissimus dorsi flap, and more seldom the transverse rectus abdominis muscle flap) can very serious permanent damage with the loss of female identity be avoided and, at best, complete recovery achieved. Therefore, proper application of the implant technique during cosmetic or oncological breast surgery always requires competence in and logistics for explantation and autologous conversion. Disabling breast augmentation should be history, which will help defuse the vehement public controversy regarding the silicone-gel implant problem.
Electrosurgery of Glabellar Frown Muscles
Authors: Brahmatewari Just , Mishra Prabin , Cheung Rennie , Forouzanpour Fardad , Koire Bernard 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Local infiltration of Botulinum toxin has gained popularity for cosmetic denervation of hyperfunctional facial lines, but its major drawback is that it only lasts up to several months. We propose an alternative procedure to treat glabellar frown lines that will last longer. Materials and Methods: Ten women aged 32–62 with hyperfunctional frown lines went through the electrical denervation procedure. Transcutaneous transection of corrugator and procerus muscles were performed electrosurgically. All patients were followed up to 6 months for evaluation of glabellar frown lines. Results: Six out of 10 patients still are unable to frown, and another four are noted to have a minimal ability to frown. The electrical denervation procedure appears to have longer lasting effects compared with previous studies with Botox injections. Surrounding edema and ecchymosis is one of the most notable complications, which occurred in 7 out of 10 patients. Discussion: The electrical denervation procedure is safe and when done properly has longer lasting effects with a very low complication rate.
Management of Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery Complications
Authors: Mack William P. , Cartwright Mont J. , Fezza John P. , Flaharty Patrick M. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose: Preoperative evaluation with detailed surgical planning is imperative to avoid potential complications in cosmetic eyelid surgery. Materials and Methods: Before undergoing cosmetic upper eyelid blepharoplasty, patients should be thoroughly evaluated. Patients should be examined for ptosis, dry eye syndrome, prolapsed lacrimal gland, and brow ptosis. In addition to the evaluation for dry eye syndrome, patients interested in cosmetic lower eyelid blepharoplasty should be assessed for ectropion, entropion, lid retraction, scleral show, lid laxity, and lagophthalmos. Preoperatively, risk factors for orbital hemorrhage, including hypertension, anti-platelet or anticoagulant medication, history of abnormal bruising of bleeding, or underlying diseases that may contribute to bleeding, should be assessed. Intraoperative management of cosmetic upper eyelid surgery complications should focus on decreasing the risk of postoperative ptosis, lagophthalmos, lid retraction, and lid asymmetry, with special attention to limiting the risk of visual loss secondary to orbital hemorrhage. Discussion: Management of cosmetic lower eyelid blepharoplasty complications should focus on methods to assess lower lid laxity, limit the risk of diplopia, and manage orbital hemorrhage. Results: Techniques to revise cosmetic eyelid surgery complications during the postoperative period will be described.
Noninvasive Wrinkle Reduction with the Nlite Laser: A Study of 50 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Galoob Harry 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Selective nonablative wrinkle reduction by laser is an exciting and appealing concept. The Nlite laser is a 585-nm pulsed dye laser that works on the concept that mild laser light injury of microvessels in the skin induces production of new collagen and may cause reduction in depth and visibility of wrinkles. This study reports on the author's experience with this new technology and the 6-month evaluation of 50 consecutive patients in his practice. Materials and Methods: Fifty consecutive patients were treated with the Nlite laser according to the parameters suggested by the manufacturer. All patients had preoperative photographs taken and their wrinkles graded according to the Fitzpatrick and Glogau score. Three observers performed postoperative evaluation of 37 patients at 6- to 9-month intervals using photographs. Patient survey of 42 patients was completed with statistical analysis of the results. Results: Three observers were asked to evaluate pretreatment and posttreatment photographs and to determine if any detectable improvement had occurred after treatment. A total of 54%, 27%, and 37% of patients were found to have detectable improvement, respectively, for the periorbital, forehead, and perioral areas (marionette and lip lines). Patients surveyed on their results indicated detectable improvement in 70%, 62%, and 70% of patients, respectively, for the periorbital, forehead, and perioral areas. Most patients and observers graded the improvement as 0–25%. Discussion: The Nlite laser is a noninvasive treatment that improves skin wrinkles in some patients as noted by observer evaluation of pretreatment and posttreatment photographs and by patients as perceived by patient survey. The degree of improvement does not appear to be as great as that claimed by the laser manufacturer.
Development of a Microporous Compliant Small Bore Vascular Graft
Authors: Edwards Alan , Carson Robert J. , Bowald Staffan , Quist William C. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose: To produce biodurable small diameter microporous vascular grafts with self-sealing properties for vascular access, for peripheral vascular and potentially for coronary artery bypass. The prosthesis should retain compliance and pulsatile flow in situ using a unique modus operandi permitting wall compression which accommodates changes in volume. Method: We have utilised efficient low temperature coagulation technology to develop a unique range of small diameter microporous vascular grafts using ChronoFlex, a biodurable polycarbonate urethane. Results: Grafts have been subjected to a range of in vitro and in vivo testing, demonstrating excellent physical and mechanical characteristics, self-sealing, maintenance of compliance and pulsatile flow in situ and patency up to twenty-two weeks.
Acute Renal Failure in a Multisystem Allergic Reaction to Sulfamethoxazole
Authors: Evans William E. , Weishurst Mark , Self Timothy H. 
Published: July 2017

A case of acute renal failure, hepatic dysfunction and skin and mucous membrane eruption following a course of sulfamethoxazole therapy is reported. Although several cases of multisystem reactions to long acting sulfonamides have been reported, this case describes the first such reaction to sulfamethoxazole. The subsequent fatal outcome of this case demonstrates the potential significance of sulfamethoxazole hypersensitivity reactions.