bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metformin Is Associated With Higher Relative Abundance of Mucin-Degrading Akkermansia muciniphila and Several Short-Chain Fatty Acid–Producing Microbiota in the Gut
Authors: de la Cuesta-Zuluaga Jacobo , Mueller Noel T. , Corrales-Agudelo Vanessa , Velásquez-Mejía Eliana P. , Carmona Jenny A. , Abad José M. , Escobar Juan S. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE
Recent studies suggest the beneficial effects of metformin on glucose metabolism may be microbially mediated. We examined the association of type 2 diabetes, metformin, and gut microbiota in community-dwelling Colombian adults. On the basis of previous research, we hypothesized that metformin is associated with higher levels of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)–producing and mucin-degrading microbiota.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Participants were selected from a larger cohort of 459 participants. The present analyses focus on the 28 participants diagnosed with diabetes—14 taking metformin— and the 84 participants without diabetes who were matched (3-to-1) to participants with diabetes by sex, age, and BMI. We measured demographic information, anthropometry, and blood biochemical parameters and collected fecal samples from which we performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the composition and structure of the gut microbiota.

RESULTS
We found an association between diabetes and gut microbiota that was modified by metformin use. Compared with participants without diabetes, participants with diabetes taking metformin had higher relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, a microbiota known for mucin degradation, and several gut microbiota known for production of SCFAs, including Butyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Megasphaera, and an operational taxonomic unit of Prevotella. In contrast, compared with participants without diabetes, participants with diabetes not taking metformin had higher relative abundance of Clostridiaceae 02d06 and a distinct operational taxonomic unit of Prevotella and a lower abundance of Enterococcus casseliflavus.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results support the hypothesis that metformin shifts gut microbiota composition through the enrichment of mucin-degrading A. muciniphila as well as several SCFA-producing microbiota. Future studies are needed to determine if these shifts mediate metformin’s glycemic and anti-inflammatory properties.
APP Mutations in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy with or without Cortical Calcifications: Report of Three Families and a Literature Review
Authors: Sellal François , Wallon David , Martinez-Almoyna Laurent , Marelli Cecilia , Dhar Abhinav , Oesterlé Héléne , Rovelet-Lecrux Anne , Rousseau Stéphane , Kourkoulis Christina E. , Rosand Jon , DiPucchio Zora Y. , Frosch Matthew , Gombert Claudine , Audoin Bertrand , Miné Manuèle , Riant Florence , Frebourg Thierry , Hannequin Didier , Campion Dominique , Greenberg Steven M. , Tournier-Lasserve Elisabeth , Nicolas Gaël 
Published: November 2016

Background: Specific APP mutations cause cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) with or without Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: We aimed at reporting APP mutations associated with CAA, describe the clinical, cerebrospinal fluid AD biomarkers, and neuroimaging features, and compare them with the data from the literature. Methods: We performed a retrospective study in two French genetics laboratories by gathering all clinical and neuroimaging data from patients referred for a genetic diagnosis of CAA with an age of onset before 66 years and fulfilling the other Boston revised criteria. We studied the segregation of mutations in families and performed a comprehensive literature review of all cases reported with the same APP mutation. Results: We screened APP in 61 unrelated French patients. Three mutations, located in the Aβ coding region, were detected in five patients from three families: p.Ala692Gly (Flemish), p.Glu693Lys (Italian), and p.Asp694Asn (Iowa). Patients exhibited CAA and progressive cognitive impairment associated with cortical calcifications in the Iowa and Italian mutation carriers, but not the patient carrying the Flemish mutation. Conclusions: This is the first evidence of cortical calcification in patients with an APP mutation other than the Iowa mutation. We discuss the radiological, cerebrospinal fluid, and clinical phenotype of patients carrying these mutations in the literature.
Regular Exercise, Quality of Life, and Mobility in Parkinson’s Disease: A Longitudinal Analysis of National Parkinson Foundation Quality Improvement Initiative Data
Authors: Rafferty Miriam R. , Schmidt Peter N. , Luo Sheng T. , Li Kan , Marras Connie , Davis Thomas L. , Guttman Mark , Cubillos Fernando , Simuni Tanya ,   on behalf of all NPF-QII Investigators
Published: November 2016

Background: Research-based exercise interventions improve health-related quality of life (HRQL) and mobility in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective: To examine whether exercise habits were associated with changes in HRQL and mobility over two years. Methods: We identified a cohort of National Parkinson Foundation Quality Improvement Initiative (NPF-QII) participants with three visits. HRQL and mobility were measured with the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and Timed Up and Go (TUG). We compared self-reported regular exercisers (≥2.5 hours/week) with people who did not exercise 2.5 hours/week. Then we quantified changes in HRQL and mobility associated with 30-minute increases in exercise, across PD severity, using mixed effects regression models. Results: Participants with three observational study visits ( n = 3408) were younger, with milder PD, than participants with fewer visits. After 2 years, consistent exercisers and people who started to exercise regularly after their baseline visit had smaller declines in HRQL and mobility than non-exercisers ( p < 0.05). Non-exercisers worsened by 1.37 points on the PDQ-39 and a 0.47 seconds on the TUG per year. Increasing exercise by 30 minutes/week was associated with slower declines in HRQL (–0.16 points) and mobility (–0.04 sec). The benefit of exercise on HRQL was greater in advanced PD (–0.41 points) than mild PD (–0.14 points; p < 0.02). Conclusions: Consistently exercising and starting regular exercise after baseline were associated with small but significant positive effects on HRQL and mobility changes over two years. The greater association of exercise with HRQL in advanced PD supports improving encouragement and facilitation of exercise in advanced PD.
Challenges of Improving Patient-Centred Care in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Mathur Soania , Mursaleen Leah , Stamford Jon , DeWitte Steve , Robledo Israel , Isaacs Tom 
Published: November 2016

Background: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition with a complex pattern of motor and non-motor symptoms. Of several clinical scales used to measure patient experience few are delivered by patients themselves. Objective: The present study reports the results of an online survey to establish (a) factors that most influence QoL (quality of life) for people with Parkinson’s and (b) areas where self-monitoring may help. Methods: A 27 question online survey (using Survey Monkey) was developed by The Cure Parkinson’s Trust, comprising four main sections (demographics, monitoring, symptoms and communication). Results: 492 patients participated. 97% felt it ‘very’ or ‘moderately’ important to understand their own Parkinson’s symptoms and recognise patterns in their condition ( n = 420). Although, 87% ( n = 467) were interested in recording information about their Parkinson’s to monitor their well-being, only 49% of respondents were actually doing so. Slowness of movement (82% n = 432) and lack of energy (61% n = 432) were the most reported motor and non-motor symptoms, respectively. These symptoms were also commonly reported to impact QoL ( n = 407). In monitoring these symptoms 75% ( n = 409) thought it would help improve their understanding of their condition, 64% thought it would improve their wellbeing and ability to cope, 61% thought it would improve their treatment and 59% thought it would improve communication with their healthcare team. Conclusion: Collectively, the data suggest that a measurement tool supporting a patient-centred care model would be a combination of objective and accurate measurement of the most bothersome symptoms for patients towards the end goal of improving patients’ QoL.
MILKY WAY KINEMATICS. II. A UNIFORM INNER GALAXY H i TERMINAL VELOCITY CURVE
Authors: McClure-Griffiths N. M. , Dickey John M. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
Using atomic hydrogen (H i) data from the VLA Galactic Plane Survey, we measure the H i terminal velocity as a function of longitude for the first quadrant of the Milky Way. We use these data, together with our previous work on the fourth Galactic quadrant, to produce a densely sampled, uniformly measured, rotation curve of the northern and southern Milky Way between

. We determine a new joint rotation curve fit for the first and fourth quadrants, which is consistent with the fit we published in McClure-Griffiths & Dickey and can be used for estimating kinematic distances interior to the solar circle. Structure in the rotation curves is now exquisitely well defined, showing significant velocity structure on lengths of ∼200 pc, which is much greater than the spatial resolution of the rotation curve. Furthermore, the shape of the rotation curves for the first and fourth quadrants, even after subtraction of a circular rotation fit shows a surprising degree of correlation with a roughly sinusoidal pattern between

kpc.
THE CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM OF SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES. I. FIRST RESULTS FROM A RADIO-IDENTIFIED SAMPLE
Authors: Fu Hai , Hennawi J. F. , Prochaska J. X. , Mutel R. , Casey C. , Cooray A. , Kereš D. , Zhang Z.-Y. , Clements D. , Isbell J. , Lang C. , McGinnis D. , Michałowski M. J. , Mooley K. , Perley D. , Stockton A. , Thompson D. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the first results from an ongoing survey to characterize the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of massive high-redshift galaxies detected as submillimeter galaxies (SMGs). We constructed a parent sample of 163 SMG–QSO pairs with separations less than ∼36″ by cross-matching far-infrared-selected galaxies from Herschel with spectroscopically confirmed QSOs. The Herschel sources were selected to match the properties of the SMGs. We determined the sub-arcsecond positions of six Herschel sources with the Very Large Array and obtained secure redshift identification for three of those with near-infrared spectroscopy. The QSO sightlines probe transverse proper distances of 112, 157, and 198 kpc at foreground redshifts of 2.043, 2.515, and 2.184, respectively, which are comparable to the virial radius of the ∼1013
M
⊙ halos expected to host SMGs. High-quality absorption-line spectroscopy of the QSOs reveals systematically strong H i Lyα absorption around all three SMGs, with rest-frame equivalent widths of ∼2–3 Å. However, none of the three absorbers exhibit compelling evidence for optically thick H i gas or metal absorption, in contrast to the dominance of strong neutral absorbers in the CGM of luminous z ∼ 2 QSOs. The low covering factor of optically thick H i gas around SMGs tentatively indicates that SMGs may not have as prominent cool gas reservoirs in their halos as the coeval QSOs and that they may inhabit less massive halos than previously thought.
THE K2 M67 STUDY: AN EVOLVED BLUE STRAGGLER IN M67 FROM K2 MISSION ASTEROSEISMOLOGY*
Authors: Leiner Emily , Mathieu Robert D. , Stello Dennis , Vanderburg Andrew , Sandquist Eric 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
Yellow straggler stars (YSSs) fall above the subgiant branch in optical color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs), between the blue stragglers and the red giants. YSSs may represent a population of evolved blue stragglers, but none have the direct and precise mass and radius measurements needed to determine their evolutionary states and formation histories. Here we report the first asteroseismic mass and radius measurements of such a star, the yellow straggler S1237 in the open cluster M67. We apply asteroseismic scaling relations to a frequency analysis of the Kepler
K2 light curve and find a mass of 2.9 ± 0.2 M
⊙ and a radius of 9.2 ± 0.2 R
⊙. This is more than twice the mass of the main-sequence turnoff in M67, suggesting that S1237 is indeed an evolved blue straggler. S1237 is the primary in a spectroscopic binary. We update the binary orbital solution and use spectral energy distribution fitting to constrain the CMD location of the secondary star. We find that the secondary is likely an upper main-sequence star near the turnoff, but a slightly hotter blue straggler companion is also possible. We then compare the asteroseismic mass of the primary to its mass from CMD fitting, finding that the photometry implies a mass and radius more than 2σ below the asteroseismic measurement. Finally, we consider formation mechanisms for this star and suggest that S1237 may have formed from dynamical encounters resulting in stellar collisions or a binary merger.
THE BRAKING INDEX OF A RADIO-QUIET GAMMA-RAY PULSAR
Authors: Clark C. J. , Pletsch H. J. , Wu J. , Guillemot L. , Camilo F. , Johnson T. J. , Kerr M. , Allen B. , Aulbert C. , Beer C. , Bock O. , Cuéllar A. , Eggenstein H. B. , Fehrmann H. , Kramer M. , Machenschalk B. , Nieder L. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery and timing measurements of PSR J1208−6238, a young and highly magnetized gamma-ray pulsar, with a spin period of 440 ms. The pulsar was discovered in gamma-ray photon data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) during a blind-search survey of unidentified LAT sources, running on the distributed volunteer computing system Einstein@Home. No radio pulsations were detected in dedicated follow-up searches with the Parkes radio telescope, with a flux density upper limit at 1369 MHz of 30 μJy. By timing this pulsar’s gamma-ray pulsations, we measure its braking index over five years of LAT observations to be n = 2.598 ± 0.001 ± 0.1, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second estimates the bias due to timing noise. Assuming its braking index has been similar since birth, the pulsar has an estimated age of around 2700 years, making it the youngest pulsar to be found in a blind search of gamma-ray data and the youngest known radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsar. Despite its young age, the pulsar is not associated with any known supernova remnant or pulsar wind nebula. The pulsar’s inferred dipolar surface magnetic field strength is 3.8 × 1013 G, almost 90% of the quantum-critical level. We investigate some potential physical causes of the braking index deviating from the simple dipole model but find that LAT data covering a longer time interval will be necessary to distinguish between these.
Daclatasvir plus Sofosbuvir, with or without Ribavirin, in Real-World Patients with HIV–HCV Coinfection and Advanced Liver Disease
Authors: Rockstroh Jürgen K , Ingiliz Patrick , Petersen Jörg , Peck-Radosavljevic Markus , Welzel Tania M , Van der Valk Marc , Zhao Yue , Jimenez-Exposito Maria Jesus , Zeuzem Stefan 
Published: November 2016

Background HIV–HCV-coinfected patients respond just as well to modern direct-acting antiviral HCV therapy as HCV-monoinfected patients. However, clinical data for all-oral HCV treatments are sparse in HIV–HCV-coinfected patients with an advanced stage of liver cirrhosis. Methods A subanalysis of efficacy and safety for a daclatasvir (DCV) and sofosbuvir (SOF) regimen, with or without ribavirin (RBV), was undertaken in HIV–HCV-coinfected patients with advanced liver disease and no other treatment options enrolled into a European DCV compassionate use programme. Results Fifty five HIV–HCV (mostly genotypes 1, 3, 4) coinfected patients were treated with DCV+SOF with ( n=16) or without RBV ( n=39), mostly for 24 weeks. Patients were predominantly (95%) cirrhotic (50% were Child–Pugh class B or C) and were receiving a wide range of antiretrovirals; 40% were injection drug users and 25% were receiving oral opioid substitution. Sustained virological response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) by modified intention-to-treat analysis ( n=52) was 92% overall (95% CI 81.5, 97.9), and was similar with (94% [95% CI 69.8, 99.8]) or without RBV (92% [95% CI 77.5, 98.2]). Only one patient relapsed (Child–Pugh class B). The overall SVR12 rate after excluding non-virologi-cal failures ( n=49) was 98% (95% CI 89.1, 99.9). Four patients discontinued treatment for adverse events and one died during treatment (not treatment-related). No patient lost opioid maintenance or required a change of antiretrovirals due to drug–drug interactions. Conclusions DCV+SOF, with or without RBV, showed high SVR12 rates and was well tolerated in this real-world cohort of HIV–HCV-coinfected patients with very advanced liver disease. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02097966 (Study AI444-237).
Metabarcoding of marine nematodes – evaluation of similarity scores used in alignment-based taxonomy assignment approach
Authors: Holovachov Oleksandr 
Published: November 2016

The diversity of organisms is being commonly accessed using metabarcoding of environmental samples. Reliable identification of barcodes is one of the critical steps in the process and several taxonomy assignment methods were proposed to accomplish this task, including alignment-based approach that uses Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) algorithm. This publication evaluates the variability of 5' end of 18S rRNA barcoding region as expressed by similarity scores (alignment score and identity score) produced by BLAST, and its impact on barcode identification to family-level taxonomic categories.
In alignment-based taxonomy assignment approach, reliable identification of anonymous OTUs to supraspecific taxa depends on the correct application of similarity thresholds. Since various taxa show different level of genetic variation, practical application of alignment-based approach requires the determination and use of taxon-specific similarity thresholds.
Urban climate and heat stress: how likely is the implementation of adaptation measures in mid-latitude cities? The case of façade greening analyzed with Bayesian networks
Authors: Sprondel Nora , Donner Julie , Mahlkow Nicole , Köppel Johann 
Published: November 2016

Urban heat is a challenge for mid-latitude cities possibly aggravated by global climate change making it necessary to adapt the urban fabric. Façade greening has been identified as an important measure to adjust the building stock and new buildings to adverse climatic impacts. Yet, little is known on factors that influence implementation probabilities for adaptation measures. Therefore, we tried to figure out the driving forces and barriers for implementation of façade greening applying the methodology of Bayesian networks. The article presents the Bayesian network as an analytical system to examine the probability for the implementation of adaptation measures by including expert opinions.
The results show that experts in Berlin estimate the likelihood of an implementation of façade greening under current conditions at 2 %. The article also examines further supportive factors that exist to raise this comparatively low value. A scenario including financial incentives from a backyard greening program raises the chances to 14 %. However, BN results confirm that it depends on the factor of “willingness” of involved actors and the right combination of supportive factors, as there are no regulations to fix the implementation of a façade greening legally.
La sécurité contre la peine
Authors: Garapon Antoine 
Published: November 2016

Le terrorisme est combattu par des mesures sécuritaires qui visent à neutraliser les risques et qui sortent donc de la « mytho-logique » de la peine. Lorsqu’une peine n’est pas justifiée, mais qu’un danger est avéré, il faudrait pouvoir mettre en place une assistance civique transitoire.
The Euro Crisis’ Actors and their Roles
Authors: Hubé Nicolas , Salgado Susana , Puustinen Liina 
Published: November 2016

Cette contribution observe le traitement journalistique des acteurs visibles lors de la première phase de résolution de la crise de l’euro (entre 2010 et 2012). Elle repose sur une étude de quarante journaux pris dans dix pays européens. Pour ce faire, nous avons pris au sérieux deux affirmations des littératures en communication politique et en European Studies : d’une part, l’hypothèse de la personnalisation de l’écriture du politique et, de l’autre, celle d’un recul du processus d’européanisation, suggérant de facto que la crise de l’euro a contribué à accroitre le rôle et la place des gouvernements nationaux par rapport aux institutions communautaires et, certains pays plutôt que d’autres. Nos conclusions confirment ces hypothèses d’une couverture personnalisée des informations, dominées par les responsables politiques nationaux ainsi que par les experts économiques. Enfin nous abordons les raisons d’un tel cadrage de l’information et ses implications pour le processus d’intégration européenne, et en particulier pour l’absence d’un espace public européen.
Oportunidades y riesgos de las redes sociales en internet: el caso de empresas mexicanas
Authors: Güemez Regina Leal , Porras Salvador T. 
Published: November 2016

L'utilisation des technologies de l'information (TI) est une stratégie utilisée par les organisations dans le cadre de leurs ressources pour effectuer des activités multiples et variées. Une application de ces technologies est les réseaux sociaux en ligne, qui sont devenus un phénomène mondial au cours des dernières années, avec un impact économique et social de grande dimension.	Les réseaux sociaux ont considérablement évolué et passent d'un outil qui facilite seulement l'accès à l'information, à la pénétration dans de nombreuses façons dans les organisations, et génèrent simultanément de nouveaux modes de relations aux clients (Kaiser, Kröckel et Bodendorf 2013; Vaast et Kaganer 2013).	L’objectif de cet article est double, d'abord de présenter un aperçu des sites de réseautage social au Mexique comme un outil que les entreprises devraient envisager dans le cadre de leur gestion stratégique, et d'autre part de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension de ce phénomène dans les entreprises mexicaines.	La recherche consiste à analyser des sites web d'un groupe d'entreprises au Mexique, à partir de quoi, il apparaît une faible intégration des sites de réseautage social sur leurs sites. Le site de référence de réseautage social est Facebook (22%), suivie de Twitter (19%) et YouTube (8%). Les entreprises utilisent principalement ces réseaux dans le domaine du marketing pour la publicité sur Internet.	Les résultats préliminaires nous permettent de continuer à travailler dans cette perspective afin de recueillir ultérieurement des informations directement auprès des entreprises pour analyser la stratégie liée à l'utilisation et à la gestion des sites de réseautage social.