bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis with Bone Marrow–Derived Mononuclear Cell Injection: 12-Month Follow-up
Authors: Goncars Valdis , Kalnberzs Konstantins , Jakobsons Eriks , Enģele Ilze , Briede Ieva , Blums Kristaps , Erglis Kristaps , Erglis Martins , Patetko Liene , Muiznieks Indrikis , Erglis Andrejs 
Published: January 2018

Objectives To evaluate the main symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and tissue structure changes after a single dose bone marrow–derived mononuclear cell (BM MNC) intra articular injection. Case series study. Patients with knee OA Kellgren Lawrence (K-L) grade II and III received 1 injection of BM MNC. The clinical results were analyzed with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Knee Society Score (KSS) before, 3, 6, and 12 months after injection. Radiological evaluation was performed with a calibrated x-ray and the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging before and 6 to 7 months postinjection. Results A total of 34 knees were treated with BM MNC injections. Mean (±SD) age of patient group was 53.96 ± 14.15 years; there were 16 males, 16 females, KL grade II, 16; KL grade III, 18. The average injected count of BM MNCs was 45.56 ± 34.94 × 106 cells. At the endpoint of 12 months 65% of patients still had minimal perceptible clinical improvement of the KOOS total score. The mean improvement of KOOS total score was +15.3 and of the KSS knee score was +21.45 and the function subscale +27.08 ( P < 0.05) points. The Whole Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS) improved from 44.31 to 42.93 points ( P < 0.05). No adverse effects after the BM-MNC injection were observed. Conclusions The single dose BM MNC partially reduces clinical signs of the knee osteoarthritis stage II/III and in some cases, decreases degenerative changes in the joint building tissue over 12-month period.
Over-expression of oncigenic pesudogene DUXAP10 promotes cell proliferation and invasion by regulating LATS1 and β-catenin in gastric cancer
Authors: Xu Yongcan , Yu Xiang , Wei Chenchen , Nie Fengqi , Huang Mingde , Sun Ming 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Background
Recently, the pesudogenes have emerged as critical regulators in human cancers tumorigenesis and progression, and been identified as a key revelation in post-genomic biology. However, the expression pattern, biological function and mechanisms responsible for these molecules in human gastric cancer (GC) are not fully understood.

Methods
In this study, we globally assessed the transcriptomic differences of pesudogenes in gastric cancer using publicly available microarray data. DUXAP10 expression levels in GC tissues and cells was detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). DUXAP10 siRNAs and over-expression vector were transfected into GC cells to down-regulate or up-regulate DUXAP10 expression. Loss- and gain-of function assays were performed to investigate the role of DUXAP10 in GC cells cell proliferation, and invasion. RIP, RNA pulldown, and ChIP assays were used to determine the mechanism of DUXAP10’s regulation of underlying targets.

Results
The pesudogene DUXAP10 is the only pseudogene that significantly over-expressed in all four GEO datasets, and frequently over-expressed in many other cancers including Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma, Bladder cancer, and Esophageal Cancer. High DUXAP10 expression is associated with GC patients poor prognosis, and knockdown of DUXAP10 significantly inhibits cells proliferation, migration and invasion in GC. Mechanistic investigation shows that DUXAP10 can interact with PRC2 and LSD1 to repress LATS1 expression at transcriptional level, and bind with HuR to maintain the stability of β-catenin mRNA and increase its protein levels at post-transcriptional level.

Conclusions
Overall, our findings illuminate how increased DUXAP10 confers an oncogenic function in GC development and progression that may serve as a candidate prognostic biomarker and target for clinical management of GC.
Protein binders and their applications in developmental biology
Authors: Harmansa Stefan , Affolter Markus 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Developmental biology research would benefit greatly from tools that enable protein function to be regulated, both systematically and in a precise spatial and temporal manner, in vivo. In recent years, functionalized protein binders have emerged as versatile tools that can be used to target and manipulate proteins. Such protein binders can be based on various scaffolds, such as nanobodies, designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) and monobodies, and can be used to block or perturb protein function in living cells. In this Primer, we provide an overview of the protein binders that are currently available and highlight recent progress made in applying protein binder-based tools in developmental and synthetic biology.
A Contemporary Approach to the Provision of Tooth-Supported Fixed Prostheses Part 1: Indications for Tooth Replacement and the Use of Fixed Bridges Retained by Crowns
Authors: Ibbetson Richard 
Published: January 2018

Fixed tooth replacement is a central part of prosthodontic care for patients. The approach and options for treatment have changed due to the decrease in dental disease in the population and the impact of the osseo-integrated implant. Despite the impact of the dental implant, there remain indications for the use of tooth-supported fixed prostheses. Improving oral health, the continued developments in resin-retained bridgework and the dental implant have reduced the indications for fixed prostheses retained by crowns. The last 30 years have seen a simplification in the design of fixed bridgework and this article describes the contemporary approach to this treatment modality. The first of this two part series discusses appropriate designs and the use of fixed bridges retained by crowns and the second part discusses fixed bridges where the abutment teeth require minimal or no preparation. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To assist in the appreciation of the principles of design for fixed bridgework, whether supported by crowns or resin retainers.
Patient and Dentist Burnout - A Two-Way Relationship
Authors: Bain Crawford , Jerome Lloyd 
Published: January 2018

Although professional Burnout is widely acknowledged, this paper proposes the concept that, in dentistry, there is a seldom identified phenomenon of Patient Burnout in some patients undergoing complex treatment, and that this may, on occasion, contribute to eventual Dentist Burnout. Warning signs and symptoms of potential Burnout patients are discussed and strategies proposed to prevent or minimize Patient Burnout CPD/Clinical Relevance: As dentistry becomes increasingly complex and patient expectations often exceed the dentists' ability to deliver, the identification and management of Patient Burnout is likely to become an important factor in dental practice.
Botox: It's Not Just About The Wrinkles
Authors: Prado Naomi , Rose Louisa , Korczak Peter 
Published: January 2018

The use of Botulinum toxin (BTX) for cosmetic procedures has been well recognized, however, its popularity and use in treating a variety of conditions within clinical dentistry is continuing to increase. This includes masseteric hypertrophy, neuralgias, temporomandibular joint dysfunction and sialorrhoea, to name just a few. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To discuss the uses of Botulinum toxin and highlight the importance of ensuring safety and informed consent in regard to BTX use in clinical practice.
Oral Mucosal Ulceration Induced by Alendronic Acid: A Case Series
Authors: Finn Daniel , Field Anne , Rajlawat Bijaya , Randall Christine 
Published: January 2018

A number of medications may cause oral ulceration by either systemic or local mechanisms. Alendronic acid tablets, when in prolonged contact with the oral mucosa, are one such medication. When prescribing alendronic acid tablets, it is important to ensure that the patient is able to take them correctly and, if this is not the case, that alternative methods of bone protection are considered. When patients present with oral ulceration, it is important to consider whether a medicine could be causing a localized tissue reaction. This case series highlights three cases of alendronic acid-induced oral ulceration. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Practitioners should be aware of the potential oral unwanted effects of medications, including oral ulceration induced by prolonged mucosal contact with alendronic acid.
Dental Bleaching: An Update
Authors: Malik Raheel 
Published: January 2018

Bleaching is a commonly sought aesthetic treatment. In recent years there have been changes to the legal aspects of dental bleaching. This article provides an overview of dental bleaching, the changes that have occurred and how they may affect the provision of this treatment. The article also discusses tray design, sensitivity and adhesive bonding, and summarizes the most common bleaching protocols currently used. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Clinicians should be aware of dental bleaching legalities and the methods and techniques used to treat discoloured teeth.
Hypophosphatasia: Diagnostic Clues for the Dental Practitioner
Authors: Patel Jilen , Anthonappa Robert P , King Nigel M 
Published: January 2018

Hypophosphatasia has a wide clinical spectrum ranging from premature loss of primary teeth to neonatal death. The premature loss of primary teeth in a child with an otherwise unremarkable history may be the first sign of a more significant underlying disease. This report illustrates the role of the dental practitioner in facilitating the diagnosis of hypophosphatasia. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This report outlines the signs and symptoms essential to facilitate the diagnosis of hypophosphatasia by the dental practitioner.
The Role of the General Dental Practitioner in the Detection of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Maxillary Antrum
Authors: Chatzipantelis Andreas , Brown Stephen James , Campbell Alastair 
Published: January 2018

Antral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a relatively uncommon head and neck malignancy. Fewer than 400 cases are reported annually in the UK. As it is uncommon and often shows slow progression, it can be misdiagnosed in the early stages. This report describes a case involving a 52-year-old patient who presented at the emergency department of a district hospital complaining of facial swelling and recent dental issues. Further investigation revealed the presence of a mass in the right maxillary antrum, subsequently confirmed as SCC on histology. Significant pathology may be the underlying cause of symptoms which appear trivial. Persistent symptoms in the absence of a reasonable cause should raise suspicion. CPD/Clinical Relevance: A general dental practitioner is likely to be the initial point of contact of patients with maxillary antrum malignancies of the maxillary sinus; identification of suspicious signs and symptoms can help in early detection and treatment.
Dental Implications of Pycnodysostosis: A Case Series
Authors: Haria Paras Jiteshkumar , Kotecha Sheena , Brown Laura 
Published: January 2018

Abstract: Pycnodysostosis is a rare, inherited disorder of bone metabolism. In addition to the oral and dental manifestations of this condition, there is an increased risk of developing complications with a high morbidity secondary to surgical procedures such as dental extractions and orthognathic surgery. In this case series, the management of three cases is presented and the need for multidisciplinary input in the care of each case highlighted. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The long term outcomes for the oral health of these patients can be vastly improved by early referral and intensive preventive regimens.
Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontics
Authors: Drage Nicholas 
Published: January 2018

Abstract: Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is becoming increasingly used in dentistry. It is a high resolution low dose technique that can provide invaluable 3D information about the teeth and jaws. This article aims to outline the current selection criteria relating to orthodontics and dose optimization. The article will also briefly outline the training requirement related to evaluation of CBCT images. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Cone beam computed tomography is increasingly being used in orthodontics. Clinicians must know the clinical indications for cone beam CT imaging as well as the practical methods of dose reduction.
NICE Guidance on the Extraction of Wisdom Teeth – Time for a Rethink?
Authors: Adam Naeem , Sandler Jonathan 
Published: January 2018

Mounting evidence has found the retention of asymptomatic, impacted third molars has potentially placed a generation of patients at risk of distal surface caries (DSC) in the second molar. DSC is frequently identified late, and consequently has a poor prognosis. We provide an overview of the ongoing debate, discuss the potential for DSC, and present a typical situation where asymptomatic third molar retention led to the preventable loss of a second molar, and significantly compromised subsequent orthodontic management. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Appropriate consideration of the risk posed by impacted wisdom teeth, which do not necessarily meet the present NICE indications for removal, could prevent future second molar loss and the need for the prolonged and complex orthodontic treatment required to align a third molar.
The Aberrant Canine Part 2: Treatment
Authors: Mittal Tarun K , Atack Nikki E , Naish Hywel J , Williams Julie C , Puryer James S , Sandy Jonathan R , Ireland Anthony J 
Published: January 2018

Abstract: The eruption of the permanent canine, particularly the maxillary tooth, is a milestone in dental development. Although often uneventful, occasionally there are disturbances in eruption, the management of which can be one of the more challenging aspects of orthodontics. This article gives an overview of the possible treatments of the aberrant canine tooth. Clinical Relevance: Awareness of the possible sequelae of unerupted canines is important in diagnosis and treatment planning.
Recommendations for the management of equine glandular gastric disease
Authors: Rendle David , Bowen Mark , Brazil Tim , Conwell Rachael , Hallowell Gayle , Hepburn Richard , Hewetson Michael , Sykes Ben 
Published: January 2018

ForewordThe European College of Equine Internal Medicine (ECEIM) consensus statement recently made the distinction between disease of the squamous mucosa (Equine Squamous Gastric Disease; ESGD) and of the glandular mucosa (Equine Glandular Gastric Disease; EGGD) ( Sykes et al, 2015a ). Since its publication, a number of reports have furthered understanding of the pathology and management of EGGD, such that new clinical guidelines for the management of this condition were considered necessary. The following guidelines are the consensus views of subject specialist representing authors of the ECEIM consensus statement, authors of recent clinical research, and clinical specialists active in the management of horses with this condition. The recommendations were developed using an informal two-round Delphi process, considering published and unpublished research relating to EGGD using a round table forum and online discussion. Where research evidence was conflicting or absent, collective expert opinion based on the clinical experience of the group was applied. The opinions expressed are the consensus of views expressed by the authors. The expert group was organised by UK-Vet Equine with sponsorship from Luoda Pharma.
Clavicle fracture nonunion in the paediatric population: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Hughes K. , Kimpton J. , Wei R. , Williamson M. , Yeo A. , Arnander M. , Gelfer Y. 
Published: January 2018

Aims Clavicle fracture nonunions are extremely rare in children. The aim of this systematic review was to assess what factors may predispose children to form clavicle fracture nonunions and evaluate the treatment methods and outcomes. Methods We performed a systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, aiming to find papers reporting clavicle fracture nonunion in children under the age of 18 years. Data was collected on patient demographics, fracture type, mechanism of injury (MOI), surgical intervention and reported outcome. Two independent reviewers evaluated all the data. Results A total of 13 articles reporting 21 cases of clavicle fracture nonunion were identified. The mean age at time of injury was 11.4 years (4 to 17). Falls were the most common MOI. The majority of nonunions occurred after displaced fractures on the right side. Six were refractures. Mean time of presentation following injury was 13.5 months (4 to 60). In all, 16 were treated surgically. Radiographic union was eventually achieved in 12 cases, with functional outcome satisfactory in all cases. Conclusion Clavicle nonunion is an extremely rare but possible complication in children. The majority occur after displaced right-sided fractures or refractures and present around one year after injury. Surgical fixation provides good radiographic healing and functional outcomes. Level of evidence IV
Zeolites as reservoirs for Ce(III) as passivating ions in anticorrosion paints
Authors: Roselli Sol , Deyá Cecilia , Revuelta Mariana , Di Sarli Alejandro R. , Romagnoli Roberto 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to evaluate the performance of two different modified zeolitic minerals as anticorrosion pigments in order to reduce or eliminate zinc phosphate in paints. In the first stage, the selected minerals were characterized and modified with cerium ions to obtain the anticorrosion pigments. Their inhibitive properties were evaluated by means of electrochemical techniques (corrosion potential measurements and polarization curves) employing a steel electrode immersed in the pigments suspensions. In the second stage, solvent-borne paints, with 30% by volume of the anticorrosion pigment, with respect of the total pigment content, were formulated. The performance of the resulting paints was assessed by accelerated (salt spray and humidity chambers) and electrochemical tests (corrosion potential measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and compared with that of a control paint with 30% by volume of zinc phosphate. Results obtained in this research suggested that zeolites can be used as carriers for passivating ions in the manufacture of anticorrosion paints with at least reduced zinc phosphate content.
Synthesis of a phosphorus-containing trisilanol POSS and its application in RTV composites
Authors: Yaoke Ding , Yuan Zhanglin , Wang Jincheng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA novel trisilanol polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-containing phosphorus (DPCP-TPOSS) was synthesized from trisilanolphenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (TPOSS) and diphenyl chlorophosphate. DPCP-TPOSS was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then a novel type of room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV)/DPCP-TPOSS composite was prepared. Properties such as swelling behavior, tensile strength, elongation at break, thermal stability and flame retardance were researched and compared. Results showed that RTV/DPCP-TPOSS-3 and RTV/DPCP-TPOSS-5 composites exhibited the best tensile strength and elongation at break, 4.5 MPa and 427%, which was 25% and 32% higher than that of pure RTV. TGA tests demonstrated that RTV/DPCP-TPOSS-3 owned the highest char residues, 39.7%. Tmax of RTV composites was increased from 531.9°C to 557°C with the incorporation of DPCP-TPOSS. Moreover, the addition of DPCP-TPOSS led to considerably increase of the fire-retardant performance.
Late presentation of glycogen storage disease types Ia and III in children with short stature and hepatomegaly
Authors: Quackenbush David , Devito Justin , Garibaldi Luigi , Buryk Melissa 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Background:
Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are a collection of disorders related to glycogen synthesis or degradation that classically present in infancy with hypoglycemia, failure to thrive and hepatomegaly; however, their phenotype can vary significantly.

Case presentation:
We present the cases of two children, 5 years old and 3.5 years old, who were referred to endocrinology for short stature. They were ultimately found to have hepatomegaly, fasting hypoglycemia, mild elevation of transaminases and ketosis. Laboratory and genetic studies were consistent with double heterozygosity for GSDs Ia and III, with one novel mutation discovered in each patient. Nightly, both children were treated with cornstarch, which resulted in resolution of laboratory abnormalities and improvement in their growth velocity. These cases are unusual in that GSD was diagnosed relatively late in life in patients with no previous history of severe hypoglycemia.

Conclusions:
They highlight the importance of considering glycogen storage disease in a child presenting with short stature, as it is a treatable disease that can be diagnosed non-invasively with genetic testing.
Codes across languages: On the translation of literary code-switching
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed A. H. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe translation of bilingual literary texts may challenge a translator when s/he needs to transfer some embedded, foreign codes from a language other than the dominant language of the source text (ST) into the target text (TT). This study analyses the way in which code-switching (CS) is transferred into a TT, looking at the translation strategies for CS in a non-European ST into European and non-European target texts. The source language text is Hebrew with Arabic incorporated into the Hebrew text in different ways, most often using CS. The target texts in the study are in Arabic, English, German and Italian languages. The main aim of this study is to show how code-switching in literary paradigms can be translated into a target text language, and to what extent the original structure of instances of CS is maintained, changed or even deleted in the target texts. The study compares four versions of target texts in Arabic, English, Italian and German, followed by an overview of how the same CS instances are transferred across different languages and cultures. Some problems and issues related to the transfer of instances of CS into the target texts are discussed in view of the typology of the CS strategy. The study concludes with an argument that a better understanding of literary CS terminology regarding both linguistic and creative features is necessary for a better translation of bilingual literary texts.
Crystal structure of bis(N,N,N-trimethylbutanaminium) poly[heptaselenidotristannate(IV)], C14H36N2Se7Sn3
Authors: Kim Kang-Woo , Heo Man-Young 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
C14H36N2Se7Sn3, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 23.950(4) Å, b = 13.760(2) Å, c = 20.011(3) Å, β = 114.565(7)°, V = 5997.9(17) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0546, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1393, T = 223 K.
Crystal structure of N-(2-methylphenyl)ethoxycarbothioamide, C10H13NOS
Authors: Yeo Chien Ing , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
C10H13NOS, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.2099(5) Å, b = 9.9751(6) Å, c = 15.0463(9) Å, α = 80.560(5)°, β = 81.827(5)°, γ = 73.887(6)°, V = 1020.19(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.055, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.186, T = 100 K.