bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicide in depressed patients: Identifying a clinical risk profile
Authors: Sarzetto A. , Delmonte D. , Seghi F. , Brioschi S. , Locatelli C. , Barbini B. , Colombo C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSuicides that occur during psychiatric hospitalization are tragic events causing immense distress to relatives, peers, and physicians. Suicide risk is particularly high in patients with mood disorders.ObjectivesTo identify a clinical risk profile which can be predictive of suicide in patients undergoing a major depressive episode, hospitalized and within three months after discharge.MethodsWe are going to include consecutively admitted depressed patients in San Raffaele Turro hospital (Milan), with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, for a longitudinal prospective study. Demographical and clinical characteristics will be assessed. Barratt impulsiveness scale, aggression questionnaire, Hamilton psychiatric rating scale for depression, scale for suicide ideation, Columbia suicide severity rating scale will be administered to evaluate, respectively, traits of impulsiveness and aggression, severity of psychopathology and suicidal ideation. A follow-up program has been established to evaluate suicidal ideation one month and three months after discharge.ResultsConsidering suicide rates in other psychiatric wards, we retrospectively analyzed in our mood disorder unit the inpatient suicide rate of the last 3 years. In this period, we admitted 1794 patients. The suicide rate has been cumulatively of 0.17% (4 patients): 0.16% in 2014, 0.16% in 2015, and 0.19% in 2016. In the same period, outpatient suicide rate has been of 0.39%; 57.14% of outpatient suicides happened within three months after discharge.ConclusionsHospitalization and discharge are critical circumstances for psychiatric patients. Evaluation of risk factors will contribute to explain our ward suicide rate and hopefully to reduce it in the future.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The confrontation of those who remain: Qualitative reports of relatives about 3 cases of suicide in a small city in the Northeast Brazil
Authors: Sena R.M.C. , Izidoro J. , Silva D.A.R. , Turato E.R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSuicide is serious public health problem. In Brazil, suicides are more frequent in countryside and small cities.ObjectiveTo understand how informants have confronted emotionally the suicide at home by listening to viewpoints reported by such relatives of the deceased.MethodQualitative, exploratory design, conducted in a basic health unit area, in “Pau dos Ferros”, a city with 30,000 inhabitants, State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. Sample constructed by technique of “snowball”, in which the health team presented us the first family, whose member informed about the following; and this, the third one. Data collection through semi-directed interviews with open-ended questions in depth, and submitted to thematic analysis.ResultsIndividuals from relatives who had family bond with the suicidal people were interviewed. From analysis of transcribed interviews, three categories emerged:– “she has never demonstrated” – possible non-perception of potential suicidal behavior by the family;– “I got crazy” – feelings of relatives facing a hard scene of suicide and determined cultural questionings;– “we have no professional support in following days” – absence of psychosocial support and healthcare problems.ConclusionsPossible mood oscillations from suicidal persons were masked by opposite emotional reactions of themselves, and/or oscillations were denied by the observers. Suicide scene seems to have provoked feelings of helplessness and guilt for relatives in not being able to avoid the dramatic act. Feelings of discomfort occurred facing curiosity from many persons who would raise uncomfortable assumptions about suicidal motivations. Family members complained about lack of more effective psychosocial care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Why a multidisciplinary workforce needs a multidisciplinary education team: Our experiences of providing integrated training in a community and mental health service
Authors: Chester L. , Barry T. , Fernando M. , Bhat M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionNorth East London NHS Foundation Trust (NELFT) provides an extensive range of integrated community and mental health services for people living in London serving a population of 1.5 million people. With an annual budget of £325 million NELFT is one of the largest community service providers in the United Kingdom (UK). NELFT is responsible for the education and training of the entire workforce and in August 2016, it employed a nurse fellow to work with the medical education fellows so it could focus on multidisciplinary team (MDT) teaching.Objectives(1) Providing MDT teaching by delivered by a MDT medical education team.(2) Improving the training experience of all trainees, nurses and allied health professionals in NELFT.(3) Improving physical health knowledge for mental health staff.(4) Improving mental health knowledge of physical health staff.MethodsTwo psychiatrists and one nurse manager worked together on joint projects to deliver the MDT teaching. Teaching sessions where at least one psychiatrist and nurse manager delivered teaching on serious incidents affecting patient care, identification and management of sepsis in community settings and empathy training using an old age simulation suit.ResultsMultiple teaching sessions were delivered to MDTs within the Trust. Staffs were receptive to learning in MDTs rather than traditional splits according to professions. Due to the success of this teaching and the reputation of the medical education team, neighboring Trusts have expressed an interest in working in partnership with the team to further enhance teaching and learning in acute and community settings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Women with hysterical manifestations: Menopause, gender and mental health
Authors: Bokhan N. , Lukiyanova E.V. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAging and menopause as a medico-social determinant of female gender influence on mental health. Female gender in the period of menopause is associated with the end of fertility that affects adaptation to changed conditions, decreases intellectual and physical possibilities, narrows role positions, leads to non-psychotic mental disorders (NPMD).ObjectiveTo identify influence of the age, menopause, female sex, sociodemographic parameters on hysterical symptoms in structure of NPMD.MaterialIn the borderline states department, 93 female patients with hysterical manifestations in structure of NPMD were treated.MethodsPsychopathological, clinical-dynamic, clinical-catamnestic, psychometric, psychological and statistical.ResultsIn 100%, the hysterical symptoms in the puberty leveled at reproductive age, intensified in climax: 72.04% - pre-menopause (P < 0.05), meno-, postmenopause - 13.98% each. Sociodemographic characteristics (marital status, social status, place of living, education, family composition, family relations) were not interrelated with frequency of hysterical manifestations in the structure of NPMD (P > 0.05). There were more married (68.82%) than divorced (15.05%), widowed (10.75%), single (5.38%); more working (70.97%) than pensioners (22.58%), unemployed (6.45%); more living with husband (51.61%) than with husband and children (17.21%), living alone (15.05%), with adult children (16.13%); more townswomen (80.65%) than villagers (19.35%); education more often secondary (51.61%), high (45.16%) than elementary (3.23%); disharmonic family relations more often (70.97%) than harmonic (13.98%), indifferent (15.05%).ConclusionsAge, menopause, female sex are reliably (P < 0.05) connected with intensification of hysterical symptoms in the structure of NPMD in difference from sociodemographic parameters not associated with frequency of hysterical manifestations.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Marital separation among some poor Bangladeshi women: Analysis of some cases
Authors: Hasan N. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveThis paper intends to show the challenges faced by poor Bangladeshi Muslim women from lower socioeconomic status, in case of divorce or separation in marriage. Participants will also learn how they earn for their living and how they raise their children if any. This paper will also present the obligations of marriage in Islam, which may reduce the hazards in their life.MethodSome women were interviewed from lower socioeconomic status from slum area of Dhaka. Researcher took their consent before interview had started. They were asked about their age, educational status, duration of marriage, type of work they do for livelihood, whether they get any maintenance money from the husbands in case of separation, expenses for raising children if any, any criticize from the friends and relatives, etc. The answers were noted carefully.ResultsAfter critical analysis of the interview it was revealed that they were leading their lives on their own, most of them were not aware of their rights relating to marriage in Islam. Two of the women had to pay dowry. Some of them were addicted to tobacco leaf taken with betel nut and PAN, a special form of leaf.ConclusionsIn conclusion, it can be said that these women lead their lives with courage. They need to be educated about their marriage rights in Islam and legal help. At a time, men should be educated about the marriage rights of the wives and the evil effects of dowry in the society.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Diagnosing and Treating Suicidal Adolescents
Authors: Balazs J. 
Published: June 2017

Suicide is the second leading cause of death in Europe among 15–29 year olds. Adolescence is a sensitive period during development with several age specific factors, which can increase suicidal risk.As it is in all cases, the first step of the diagnostic procedure of suicidal adolescents is creating an appropriate environment for the evaluation and rapport building.More than 90% of suicidal adolescents has ongoing and usually untreated psychiatric disorder/s and about three-quarters of them has at least one subthreshold diagnosis. Potential common risk factors of adolescence suicide include both internalizing and externalizing disorders, such as major depressive episode, substance use and conduct disorder. The comorbidity of psychiatric disorders–both subthreshold and threshold - has been associated with increased risk for suicide. The careful assessment of subthreshold and full psychiatric disorders of suicidal adolescent is important in suicide prevention and the treatment of suicidal adolescents. The diagnostic procedure includes both clinical assessment and using validated (semi) structured diagnostic interviews. Rating scales can provide information on the severity of the patient's symptoms. Next to the assessment of the symptoms it is important to take the history and to get know about adolescents’ possible life events. Clinicians should carefully screen potential suicidal behavior itself, which includes both clinical assessment and validated interviews and tests.Complex treatment of suicidal adolescents can include, if it is necessary hospitalization due to the management of acute suicide risk and the appropriate treatment of subthreshold and threshold psychiatric disorders with the consideration of possible life events.Disclosure of interestThis work was supported by OTKA K108336 grant.Judit Balázs was supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
Social representations concerning women daily experiences in prison
Authors: Scherer Z. , Scherer E. , Scherer N.P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionViolence is a social and relational problem of humanity. When coming across a feminine jail population, the violence problem can take diverse proportions. Beyond being perpetrators of some sort of violence, these women can also be victims throughout their lives and even during their period of imprisonment.ObjectiveDescribe the social representations that imprisoned women have concerning daily experiences in prison.AimsKnowing the meaning of daily experience in prison to women.MethodsQualitative exploratory-descriptive field study, carried through with 15 prisoners of the feminine prison of Ribeirão Preto (SP-Brazil). A semi-structuralized interview was used. Results submitted to the content analysis technique.Results“Daily experiences with violence in prison”: they revealed feelings of abandonment and indifference to their health; they denounced suffering physical and psychological violence from employees and other female prisoners; the relation between them is marked by conflicts and aggressions. “Consequences of the arrest in the women's lives”: complained about the loss of contact with their familiars; there were relieves about lack of support and system's indifference for the readjustment in society.ConclusionsThis study contributed as stimulus and reference for the implementation of other researches with populations of prisons, amongst them the ones that aim to establish strategies for the reintegration of these women in society and the shift of paradigms related to them. Moreover, with the intention of supplementing researches with incarcerated women, we suggest studies that also have familiars and professionals (or visitors) as subjects.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Intimate partner violence and cognitive aspects of the perpetrator
Authors: Scherer Z. , Scherer E. , Reis L. , Rodrigues J. , Cavalin L. , Silva D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionViolence against women, committed by an intimate partner, is a serious public health problem. On an international scope it has been researched the relation between intimate partner violence and cognitive aspects of aggressors.ObjectiveTo investigate if couples use violence to resolve conflicts and if there are differences in cognitive aspects of men in couples where there is intimate partner violence when compared to couples who have a harmonious relationship.MethodThe Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2) was used. The cognitive aspects of male partners was investigated by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III), certain factors such as verbal and executive functions, to compare the testing results of men who have committed violence against their partners with those who did not.ResultsThirty-one couples with intimate partner violence police reports and 31 couples who, according to their own perceptions, said to maintain harmonious marital relationship. The comparisons between groups allowed observing that even among couples who judge to be in a peaceful relationship, violent behaviors were detected. These behaviors tend to be naturalized and not considered as violence by partners. In regard to men's cognitive aspects, especially those related to WAIS-III verbal skills and impulse control, they possibly exert some influence to intimate partner violence.ConclusionThe possible influence of cognitive aspects of the perpetrator on violence against women could be reduced through long-term actions, especially those concerned to early education, since this is the appropriate way to culturally change and to develop satisfactory social and cognitive skills of the individual.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
An investigation of Childhood Trauma in Patients with Panic Disorder
Authors: Ölmez S.B. , Ataoğlu A. , Kocagöz Z. Başar 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIt is widely known that childhood traumatic life situations are associated with most of the adult life psychiatric disorders such as disassociative disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders and so on.Objectives and aimsThe purpose of this study to examine the relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and panic disorder development.MethodsThe sample of this study consists of 59 outpatients who applied to the department of psychiatry in addition to 61 healthy individuals serving as the control group. These 59 individuals, located within the range of 18 to 65 years, were selected from outpatients who had been diagnosed with panic disorder based on DSM-V diagnosis criteria who did not have any other mental disorder. The 61 healthy individuals in the control group were selected from hospital attendants who had not received any psychiatric diagnosis. The participants were administered the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and a socio-demographic form.ResultsThe participants in the panic disorder group were found to have significantly high scores in comparison to the control group with respect to CTQ subscales (i.e., the emotional neglect and the emotional abuse subscale) and the total CTQ score. Hence, there exists a strong relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and panic disorder development.ConclusionThe results revealed that childhood traumatic experiences play an active role in the development of panic disorder. Moreover, it was found that the type and quality of trauma experienced during the childhood period is one of the predictors for the psychiatric disease that can occur in the future years.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive Functions and Cognitive Styles in Young Euthymic Patients with Bipolar I Disorder
Authors: ElGhonemy S. , Fakhry P.H. , Salem A. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundCognitive deficits impair patients working and functioning status and may have negative impact on other aspects of thinking.ObjectivesAssess the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in patients with bipolar disorder in euthymic state and to explore cognitive style problems.MethodCase-control naturalistic study, 60 patients with bipolar I disorder in euthymic state according to DSM-IV were recruited and subdivided into two groups each contains of 30 patients; (Group BPM) euthymic patients with recent manic episode, Group BPD euthymic patients with recent depressive episode. Both groups were further compared with control group (Group C) consisted of 30 frequency matched healthy volunteers. Groups were subjected to the following: (1) clinical psychiatric examination, (2) (HAMD-17) and Bech–Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (MES) for (BPD), (3) (YMRS) and Bech–Rafaelsen Mania Scale (MAS) for (BPM), (4) assessment of euthymic state of mood included both MAS and MES, (5) MMSE, MTS and CDT were performed to assess cognitive functions, (6) cognitive styles evaluation the Social Dysfunction and Aggression Scale SDAS-9 and Arabic Anger Scale.ResultsDefinite cognitive function impairment and different patterns of cognitive style were detected in case groups. MMSE, MTS and CDT scores were statistically significant. Fear of Failure Scale Scores were higher in BPM; 16 (53.33%) reported severe intensity compared to 16 (53.33%) of BPD Group reporting moderate intensity and 30 (100%) of the control group reporting only mild intensity of fear of failure with statistically significant differences.ConclusionsPatients in euthymic state suffer from cognitive dysfunction and some aspects of cognitive styles that negatively interfere with their performance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS), Developmental Regression and Autism
Authors: Bejerot S. , Hesselmark E. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is a term used to describe a clinical picture which includes sudden onset of psychiatric symptoms and a possible autoimmune genesis. The sudden decline in neuropsychiatric functioning as well as the multiple combinations of symptoms may lead to a clinical phenotype similar to that in infantile autism (IA) with regressive features. We are conducting a study with the aim to evaluate a diagnostic test for PANS currently marketed by Moleculera Labs. All patients in Sweden who had taken the test (n = 154) were invited to the study.ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to characterize a subgroup of patients with IA within the PANS diagnosis study.MethodsParticipants (n = 53) were examined for psychiatric and somatic symptoms and evaluated for PANS caseness by an experienced psychiatrist. Because the criteria for entering the study was having taken the diagnostic test for PANS, the participants in the study comprise a group with mixed symptoms.ResultsTwelve participants had IA. Eleven of these reported a developmental regression with loss of abilities. Two of the IA patients also fulfill criteria for PANS. Eight of the IA patients had been treated with antibiotics for psychiatric symptoms and 4 reported a positive effect of this treatment. Nine of the patients had elevated test results suggesting possible PANS according to Moleculera Labs.ConclusionsVery early onset on PANS may be phenotypically similar to IA with regressive features. Further analysis of the immunological attributes of patients with autism with regressive features is warranted.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Neuroimaging Findings in ADHD and the Role of Genetics
Authors: Franke B. 
Published: June 2017

ADHD is frequently diagnosed in children and adults. The disorder is highly heritable. However, the genetic architecture of ADHD is complex, with multiple genetic variants of individually small effect size contributing to disease in most patients.In our own studies as well as in the large mega-analyses of the ENIGMA ADHD Working Group, we have investigated the brain substrates of ADHD. We find the disorder to be characterized by delayed sub–cortical and cortical growth of gray matter in childhood, which gradually normalizes in adulthood: sub–cortical volumes as well as cortical thickness and surface area are smaller in children with ADHD, but become indistinguishable from healthy individuals in adulthood. The situation looks different for white matter connectivity: both in childhood and adulthood, widespread differences in the major white matter tracts are found. The pattern of findings suggests that alterations in myelination might lie at the basis of such case-control differences. Since the disorder and many brain structural measures affected in ADHD are highly heritable, we investigated the overlap of genetic risk factors for ADHD with genetic factors involved in brain volume. This resulted in the identification of several genetic variants contributing to disease risk as well as ADHD-related brain phenotype.In conclusion, we find ADHD to be a disorder of delayed brain maturation in terms of gray matter, but of persistently altered white matter connectivity across the lifespan. Genetic factors influencing both disease risk and brain measures might improve our understanding of disease etiology and persistence.Disclosure of interestThe author declares that he has no competing interest.