bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The rcep and Its Investment Rules: Learning from Past Chinese ftas
Authors: Wang Heng 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
China’s free trade agreements (ftas) reveal malleability as the most striking feature. The paper analyzes the following questions: what is the trend of China’s fta approach to investment concerning malleability? Is China a rule follower, shaker or maker? How may China approach the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (rcep) regarding investment? It argues first that the malleability will probably expand from investment protection to investment liberalization. China converges with deep ftas regarding investment protection and may incrementally move to investment liberalization. Second, increased malleability of China’s ftas exists in regulatory autonomy and investor-state dispute settlement. Third, China is likely to be a rule shaker in the short to medium term, and become a rule maker later if challenges are addressed. Its approach may evolve from selective adaption to selective innovation. Finally, the rcep may adopt low-level investment rules and an early harvest approach due to, inter alia, existing agreements and the nature of mega fta.
Enhanced susceptibility to cortical spreading depression in two types of Na+,K+-ATPase α2 subunit-deficient mice as a model of familial hemiplegic migraine 2
Authors: Unekawa Miyuki , Ikeda Keiko , Tomita Yutaka , Kawakami Kiyoshi , Suzuki Norihiro 
Published: October 2017

Background Patients with familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) have a mutated ATP1A2 gene (encoding Na+,K+-ATPase α2 subunit) and show prolonged migraine aura. Cortical spreading depression (CSD), which involves mass depolarization of neurons and astrocytes that propagates slowly through the gray matter, is profoundly related to aura. Methods In two types of Atp1a2-defective heterozygous mice, Atp1a2tm1Kwk (C-KO) and Atp1a2tm2Kwk (N-KO), the sensitivity and responsiveness to CSD were examined under urethane anesthesia. Results In both cases, heterozygotes exhibited a low threshold for induction of CSD, faster propagation rate, slower recovery from DC deflection, and profound suppression of the electroencephalogram, compared to wild-type mice. A high dose of KCl elicited repeated CSDs for a longer period, with a tendency for a greater frequency of CSD occurrence in heterozygotes. The difference of every endpoint was slightly greater in N-KO than C-KO. Change of regional cerebral blood flow in response to CSD showed no significant difference. Conclusion Heterozygotes of Atp1a2-defective mice simulating FHM2 demonstrated high susceptibility to CSD rather than cortical vasoreactivity, and these effects may differ depending upon the knockout strategy for the gene disruption. These results suggest that patients with FHM2 may exhibit high susceptibility to CSD, resulting in migraine.
The Effect of Capsulectomy on Hip Joint Biomechanics
Authors: Bakshi Neil K. , Bayer Jen L. , Bigelow Erin M.R. , Jameel Omar F. , Sekiya Jon K. 
Published: October 2017

Background: Capsulectomy is performed during hip arthroscopic surgery in young adult patients with hip pain to improve intraoperative visualization. The stability of the hip joint after anterior capsulectomy is relatively unknown. Purpose: To evaluate anterior hip stability in capsular sectioned states with a labral injury to test whether the load required for anterior translation would decrease with greater capsular injuries. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Sixteen hips from 8 of 10 human cadaveric pelvises (mean age, 54.25 years) were prepared/mounted onto a custom-built fixture and tested in 5 states: intact capsule, intact labrum (all intact); sutured capsule, intact labrum (sutured intact); sutured capsule, 1-cm partial labrectomy (sutured labrectomy); partial capsulectomy, 1-cm partial labrectomy (partial capsulectomy); and total capsulectomy, 1-cm partial labrectomy (total capsulectomy). Each hip was tested in a neutral position with a 20-N compressive force. The load at 12 mm of anterior translation was recorded for each state after 2 preconditioning trials. Results: A repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni adjustment showed no difference between the all-intact versus sutured-intact states and demonstrated no significant difference between the sutured-intact and sutured-labrectomy states. There were significant differences between the sutured-labrectomy and partial capsulectomy ( P = .01), sutured-labrectomy and total capsulectomy ( P < .001), and partial capsulectomy and total capsulectomy ( P = .04) states. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that the capsule/labrum plays an important role in anterior hip stability and that the iliofemoral ligament is crucial for preventing anterior translation in labral-injured states. In addition, the ischiofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments provide resistance to anterior translation in iliofemoral- and labral-deficient states. Intraoperative capsulectomy should be avoided in patients with large, irreparable labral tears to prevent postoperative anterior hip instability. Clinical Relevance: This study quantifies the roles of the capsulolabral structures in anterior hip stability and demonstrates the importance of maintaining/repairing them during hip arthroscopic surgery.
First draft genome sequence of a strain belonging to the Zoogloea genus and its gene expression in situ
Authors: Muller Emilie E. L. , Narayanasamy Shaman , Zeimes Myriam , Laczny Cédric C. , Lebrun Laura A. , Herold Malte , Hicks Nathan D. , Gillece John D. , Schupp James M. , Keim Paul , Wilmes Paul 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Gram-negative beta-proteobacterium Zoogloea sp. LCSB751 (LMG 29444) was newly isolated from foaming activated sludge of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Here, we describe its draft genome sequence and annotation together with a general physiological and genomic analysis, as the first sequenced representative of the Zoogloea genus. Moreover, Zoogloea sp. gene expression in its environment is described using metatranscriptomic data obtained from the same treatment plant. The presented genomic and transcriptomic information demonstrate a pronounced capacity of this genus to synthesize poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate within wastewater.
Induced spawning of siban fish Cyclocheilichthys apogon using Ovaprim
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini , Tanjung Afrizal , Warningsih Trisla , Muchlisin Zainal Abidin 
Published: October 2017

Background: The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of Ovaprim dosage on the latency period, relative number of ovulated eggs, fertilization, hatching, and survival rates of the siban fish, Cyclocheilichthys apogon. Methods: Three dosages of Ovaprim were tested in this study, namely 0.3 ml kg-1 of broodfish body weight, 0.5 ml kg-1 body weight, and 0.7 ml kg-1 body weight, plus control (without Ovaprim). Results: The results showed that the best latency period, relative number of ovulated eggs, fertilization, hatching, and survival rates were obtained at a dosage of 0.7 ml kg-1 body weight. Conclusions: The best dosage of Ovaprim for siban fish from the dosages tested, was determined to be 0.7 ml kg-1 body weight.
Enfoque das gestações múltiplas de diagnóstico difícil durante a autopsia perinatal
Authors: Olaya Contreras, MD PhD Mercedes , Galvis Navarrete Silvia Helena , Giraldo Ospina, MD Gustavo Adolfo , Rojas Martínez, MD Jorge Armando , Rodríguez Sarmiento, MD Jorge Luis , Franco Zuluaga, MD Jorge Andrés 
Published: October 2017

Introdução: durante o exame de pediatria, genética, ecográ co ou de anatomia patológica de fetos de gestações gemelares, costumam aparecer interrogantes no diagnóstico diferencial, especialmente quando os casos se associam com maceração, com malformações ou com duplicação de estruturas. Objetivo: propor um algoritmo para o enfoque da autopsia perinatal em gestações múltiplas de difícil diagnóstico. Materiais e Métodos: estudo observacional descritivo do universo de gestações gemelares vistas no Departamento de Patologia do Hospital Universitário San Ignacio (husi) entre 2007 e 2013. De nimos como “gestação múltipla de difícil diagnóstico” aquela na que o exame do(s) feto(s) apresentou um dos diagnósticos diferenciais: feto macerado/evanescente, gêmeo siamês, fetus in fetu, feto acárdico ou teratoma congênito. Realizou-se o estudo anatomopatológico e junto com a literatura revisada, os gêmeos se analisaram e classificaram segundo o algoritmo proposto. Resultados: houve 59 casos de gestações gemelares nas que pelo menos um dos fetos requereu autopsia perinatal. As principais causas de morte foram as infeções ascendentes seguidas da síndrome de transfusão feto-fetal. Como gestações múltiplas de difícil diagnóstico observamos três fetos acárdicos e oito fetos macerados. Aplicouse o algoritmo proposto neste artigo. Conclusões: o diagnóstico nas gestações gemelares pode ser em ocasiões difícil. Identificamos os aspectos mais importantes a ter em conta da história clínica e da autopsia perinatal para chegar ao diagnóstico definitivo; desenvolvemos um algoritmo para ser aplicado nestas circunstâncias durante as autopsias perinatais.
De Menino a Homem. Discursos sobre a Puberdade Masculina na Endocrinologia (Buenos Aires, décadas de 1950 e 1960)
Authors: Rustoyburu, PhD Cecilia 
Published: October 2017

Objetivos: este artigo propõe-se analisar os discursos sobre a puberdade da endocrinologia e a siologia na Argentina nas décadas de 1950 e 1960. Se pretende problematizar a relação da medicina e a ciência com supostos morais sobre a infância e as diferenças de gênero. Desenvolvimento: estudam-se artigos e livros de Alberto Bernardo Houssay e Martín Cullen, dois especialistas que formaram parte da renovação e consolidação disciplinar posterior a 1955. Conclusões: as noções sobre masculinidade e infância mediaram nas leituras dos pacientes interpretados como homens que não se adequavam à norma que estabelecia uma idade esperada para a puberdade, uns genitais de um tamanho preestabelecido e uma morfologia “varonil”. Os discursos dos endocrinólogos de Buenos Aires insertavam-se em uma linha interpretativa hegemônica no cenário internacional que reconhecia ao funcionamento hormonal como um sistema complexo regulado pela hipó se. No entanto, aprecia-se a preeminência de leituras tradicionais onde a diferença sexual se inscrevia não só no metabolismo, mas também na musculatura, a pele, os esqueletos e os comportamentos. A puberdade se convertia em um período vital de especial observação porque signi cava o estabelecimento da diferença sexual nos corpos. As intervenções se debatiam entre a aplicação dos fármacos disponíveis no mercado e as precauções que impunham os reparos anunciados pela pediatria psicossomática.
Tubular neighborhoods in the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg groups
Authors: Ritoré Manuel 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In the present paper we consider the Carnot–Carathéodory distance

δ
E

{\delta_{E}}

to a closed set E in the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg groups

ℍ
n

{{\mathbb{H}}^{n}}

,

n
⩾
1

{n\geqslant 1}

. The

ℍ

{{\mathbb{H}}}

-regularity of

δ
E

{\delta_{E}}

is proved under mild conditions involving a general notion of singular points. In case E is a Euclidean

C
k

{C^{k}}

submanifold,

k
⩾
2

{k\geqslant 2}

, we prove that

δ
E

{\delta_{E}}

is

C
k

{C^{k}}

out of the singular set. Explicit expressions for the volume of the tubular neighborhood when the boundary of E is of class

C
2

{C^{2}}

are obtained, out of the singular set, in terms of the horizontal principal curvatures of

∂
⁡
E

{\partial E}

and of the function

〈
N
,
T
〉

/

|

N
h

|

{\langle N,T\rangle/|N_{h}|}

and its tangent derivatives.
HIV-1 Subtypes Circulating in Constanta
Authors: Cernat Roxana-Carmen , Dumitru Irina Magdalena , Oțelea D. , Rugină S. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The HIV epidemic in Constanta describes a unique pattern in the world. It has outbreak in 1986, in the pediatric population and it is of a monoclonal aspect, being determined by the F1 subtype. The evolution of the epidemic has known different stages in time: it spreads to the adult population, the transmission pathway becomes predominantly sexual and the circulating viral strains become diversified. The study proposes the characterization of the circulating HIV-1 subtypes in Constanta from the beginning of the epidemic to the present. The results indicate that subtype F1 remains dominant in patients from Constanta, mainly due to cases coming from the pediatric cohort that have now reached adulthood and are generating secondary cases through sexual transmission. As subtype B strains appeared sporadically before 1999, the strains C and B appear systematically after that moment in time. In 2004 the first subtype A strains were isolated. The year 2007 is the one with the highest biodiversity: along with the dominant subtype F1, subtypes C, A, B, G were isolated and also the circulating recombinant forms CRF02_02, CRF06_cpx and CRF01_AE. Since 2008, the viral population has remained polymorphic, with a dynamic evolution.
Ein Modalmaß für Beobachtbarkeit und perspektivische Beobachtbarkeit linearer zeitinvarianter Systeme
Authors: Seeber Richard , Dourdoumas Nicolaos , Horn Martin 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Das Modalmaß nach Litz stellt eine einfache Möglichkeit zur
quantitativen Bewertung der Beobachtbarkeit eines Systems dar. Einen
durch mehrfache Eigenwerte verursachten Beobachtbarkeitsverlust zeigt
es jedoch mitunter nicht korrekt an. Vorliegender Beitrag schlägt
eine Erweiterung vor, welche dieses Problem behebt. Im Weiteren wird
gezeigt, dass sich das modifizierte Maß leicht auf die
perspektivische Beobachtbarkeit erweitern lässt. Die praktische
Anwendbarkeit des erweiterten Maßes wird anhand eines anschaulichen
Beispiels demonstriert.
Analysis of high-intensity efforts in brazilian professional soccer players
Authors: Moura Felipe Arruda , Marche Ana Lorena , Caetano Fabio Giuliano , Torres Ricardo Da Silva , Martins Luiz Eduardo Barreto , Cunha Sergio Augusto 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurpose. The study aim was to characterize high-intensity efforts (HIEs) of soccer players. Methods. The HIE features were quantified according to playing positions, with the consideration of the moment of initial velocity increase, which precedes the velocity threshold. The total of 107 players of Brazilian first division championship were analysed with the automatic tracking method. HIE phase 1 began at the minimum local value and finished when the velocity reached 6.4 m/s. Phase 2 began immediately when the velocity exceeded 6.4 m/s and finished with the velocity lower than 6.4 m/s. Results. External defenders and forwards performed a greater (p < 0.01; d: 1.01-1.17) number of HIEs (40.0 ± 13.5 and 34.9 ± 6.6, respectively) than central defenders (26.6 ± 9.2). With respect to the distance covered and duration of phase 2, external defenders covered a greater (p < 0.01; d: 0.45-0.47) distance (13.5 ± 4.5 m) and spent more (p < 0.01; d: 0.24-0.26) time (1.8 ± 1.3 s) than central defenders (11.5 ± 4.3 m; 1.5 ± 1.2 s), forwards (11.4 ± 4.4 m; 1.5 ± 0.9 s), central midfielders (11.5 ± 4.4 m; 1.5 ± 1.2 s), and external midfielders (11.4 ± 4.6 m; 1.5 ± 1.1 s). Players performed a greater (p = 0.03; d: 2.29-5.17) number of HIEs with more than 120 s of recovery time compared with other time categories. Conclusions. The better characterization of HIE physical demands during soccer matches provides insights for coaches to plan a more specific physical training for professional players.
Mitral Regurgitation Severity Analysis Based on Features and Optimal HE (OHE) with Quantification using PISA Method
Authors: Abdul Khayum Pinjari , Sudheer Babu Reddy Pogu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Heart disease is the foremost reason for death and also the main source of incapability in the developed nations. Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a typical heart disease that does not bring about manifestations until its end position. In view of the hidden etiologies of heart distress, functional MR can be partitioned into two subgroups, ischemic and no ischemic MR. A procedure is progressed for jet area separation and quantification in MR evaluation in arithmetical expressions. Thus, a strategy that depends on echocardiography recordings, image processing methods, and artificial intelligence could be useful for clinicians, particularly in marginal cases. In this research paper, MR segmentation is analyzed by the optimal histogram equalization (OHE) system used to segment the jet area. For a better execution of the work, threshold in HE was improved with the help of the krill herd optimization (KHO) strategy. With the MR quantification procedure, this segmented jet area was supported by the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA); in this procedure, a few parameters in the segmentation were evaluated. From the results, this proposed methodology accomplishes better accuracy in the segmented and quantification method in contrast with the existing examination.
Auf der Suche nach dem Ausgangstext: Kunstobjekte für alle
Authors: Seibel Claudia , Carlucci Laura 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The present study is a theoretical and practical reflection on an innovative teaching project (DESAM, Development of Content for a Universal Platform System on the Description, Location and Guide to University of Granada), carried out by the Department of Translation and Interpretation. This project started a new line of innovative teaching and research in which we analyze the main factors acting in this pairing Culture and Translation: teacher, students, and context. The two principle objectives of the project were to apply the different modes of accessible translation to the context of cultural heritage, and to create a multimodal educational space for students of Translation and Interpreting in order to encourage their self-learning and facilitate the assimilation of ideas developed in the classroom.
Stereotypenkommunikation in der interkulturellen Interaktion
Authors: Bies Andrea 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Research in intercultural communication commonly focuses on ethnic stereotypes as influencing factor for intercultural interaction. As a result, they are considered as a disturbance for mutual understanding. The Conversation analysis of German-Spanish initial contact interaction in this study demonstrates how national stereotypes are brought up in intercultural interaction, the functions they serve in this specific situation, and how stereotypes and their corresponding social categories are negotiated by the participants. In addition, the data show that during this communication activity the national category of the participants themselves is eclipsed.
Machine learning: Implications for translator education
Authors: Massey Gary , Ehrensberger-Dow Maureen 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Machines are learning fast, and human translators must keep pace by learning with, from and about them. Deep learning (DL) and neural machine translation (NMT) are set to change the reality of translation and the distributions of tasks. Although theoretical and practical courses on computer-aided and/or machine translation abound, less attention has been paid to DL and NMT in most translation programmes. The challenge for translation education is to give students the knowledge and toolkits to learn when and how to embrace the new technologies, and to exploit how and when the added value of human intuition, creativity and ethics can and should be deployed.
Prospects of the Eastern Partnership under modern challenges to the European security system
Authors: Turchyn Yaryna , Dorоsh Lesya 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The purpose of the article is to examine the Eastern Partnership initiative as a component of the European Neighbourhood Policy and a tool of regional security by taking into account the factor of Russian aggression and the military conflict in eastern Ukraine. Based on methods of analysis and synthesis, content analysis of primary and secondary sources of information, modelling and prediction, the following objectives are achieved: (1) to determine the vulnerabilities in the programme design, given the current geopolitical threats, and (2) to develop proposals to change the security component of the Eastern Partnership (EaP) within the context of the Russian- Ukrainian conflict. The significant shortcomings of the existing EaP model are highlighted, in particular, the initiative overall ineffectiveness, the EU membership perspective in the long run, disregarded national features, the lack of commitment by the EU countries to strengthen the integration, the security component weakness and the insufficient European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) financial support. It is concluded that intensification of the cooperation of the EaP partner countries in the area of security will not only contribute to the initiative development, but it will also enhance national securities and promote the development of a zone of stability and democracy as well as the European security space consolidation.
Social Media: Mimesis and Warfare
Authors: Kalpokas Ignas 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Weaponisation of social media and online information is a real and emerging threat. Hence, this article aims to broaden our understanding of this phenomenon by introducing the concept of mimetic warfare. Borrowing from mimesis, or a particular representation of reality, this article delves into information conflicts as the ones involving a struggle between well-prepared comprehensive narratives that are intended to affect a target population’s cognition and behaviour. Mimesis as a concept is seen as particularly useful in explaining the multiplicity, proliferation and appeal of such representations and interpretations of facts, events or phenomena. The article then presents a case for the Western states’ proactive involvement in mimetic operations at the home front in order to maintain cohesion and not to cede ground to hostile foreign powers.
Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain – treatment modalities
Authors: Starzec Małgorzata , Truszczyńska Aleksandra 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Introduction: Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain is a common complaint which often limits everyday activity of a pregnant woman. Accurate and individualized treatment is needed as, if ignored, pain can become a long term condition. The aim of this article is to present the current state of knowledge about possible treatment modalities for pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain.
Summary: Current knowledge gives us a variety of effective tools which help reduce pain and functional limitations with no harm to a mother and foetus. There is no single and most effective treatment strategy. A combination of evidence-based methods produces the best treatment outcomes.
Practical Approach to Problem-Solving Movement Tasks Limited by an Ankle Dorsiflexion Restriction
Authors: Howe Louis , Waldron Mark , North Jamie 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
LIMITATIONS IN ANKLE DORSIFLEXION RANGE OF MOTION HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO INCREASE COMPENSATORY MOVEMENTS AT BOTH PROXIMAL AND DISTAL JOINT SEGMENTS IN THE LOWER EXTREMITY. THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES METHODS TO ASSESS AND CORRECT DEFICIENCIES IN ANKLE DORSIFLEXION RANGE OF MOTION. PREVIOUSLY, HOWEVER, THE REMOVAL OF JOINT RESTRICTIONS HAS NOT BEEN SHOWN TO REDUCE COMPENSATORY STRATEGIES DEVELOPED THROUGH SUCH RESTRICTIONS. THEREFORE, THIS ARTICLE WILL ALSO DISCUSS IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS FOR FACILITATING THE RELEARNING PROCESS AND PROPOSE KEY PRINCIPLES FOR DEVELOPING A CORRECTIVE PROGRAM.