bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood transcriptome changes after stroke in an African American population
Authors: Meller Robert , Pearson Andrea N. , Hardy Jimmaline J. , Hall Casey L. , McGuire Dawn , Frankel Michael R. , Simon Roger P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectiveMolecular diagnostic medicine holds much promise to change point of care treatment. An area where additional diagnostic tools are needed is in acute stroke care, to assist in diagnosis and prognosis. Previous studies using microarray‐based gene expression analysis of peripheral blood following stroke suggests this approach may be effective. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) approaches have expanded genomic analysis and are not limited to previously identified genes on a microarray chip. Here, we report on a pilot NGS study to identify gene expression and exon expression patterns for the prediction of stroke diagnosis and prognosis.MethodsWe recruited 28 stroke patients and 28 age‐ and sex‐matched hypertensive controls. RNA was extracted from 3 mL blood samples, and RNA‐Seq libraries were assembled and sequenced.ResultsBioinformatical analysis of the aligned RNA data reveal exonic (30%), intronic (36%), and novel RNA components (not currently annotated: 33%). We focused our study on patients with confirmed middle cerebral artery occlusion ischemic stroke (n = 17). On the basis of our observation of differential splicing of gene transcripts, we used all exonic RNA expression rather than gene expression (combined exons) to build prediction models using support vector machine algorithms. Based on model building, these models have a high predicted accuracy rate >90% (spec. 88% sen. 92%). We further stratified outcome based on the improvement in NIHss scores at discharge; based on model building we observe a predicted 100% accuracy rate.InterpretationNGS‐based exon expression analysis approaches have a high potential for patient diagnosis and outcome prediction, with clear utility to aid in clinical patient care.
Macroscopic Anatomy of the Saimaa Ringed Seal (Phoca hispida saimensis) Lower Respiratory Tract
Authors: Laakkonen Juha , Jernvall Jukka 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTWe studied the macroscopic anatomy of the lower respiratory tract of the endangered Saimaa ringed seal (Phoca hispida saimensis). Examination of one adult and one young individual found dead showed that trachea had 85 and 86 complete cartilage rings. The adjacent cartilages exhibited very few random anastomoses. There was variation in the confirmation of the trachea between the cranial and caudal part of the trachea. The right lung was divided by partly incomplete inter‐lobar fissures into cranial, middle, caudal, and accessory lobes. The left lung consisted of cranial, middle, and caudal lobes. The lungs were characterized by a high amount of interlobular connective tissue. Silicone casts were prepared of the two specimens to visualize the tracheobronchial branching which was similar to that of marine ringed seals but in the Saimaa ringed seal the right middle lobar bronchus originated at the same level as the accessory lobar bronchus. Anat Rec, 299:538–543, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
E‐cadherin‐mediated contact of endothelial progenitor cells with mesenchymal stem cells through β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Xia Jie , Zhang Hongwei , Gao Xiaopeng , Guo Jun , Hou Jixue , Wang Xiaoyi , Wang Sibo , Yang Tao , Zhang Xuyong , Ge Quanhu , Wan Longfei , Cheng Wenzhe , Zheng Jinpo , Chen Xueling , Wu Xiangwei 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are attached to each other in the bone marrow (BM) cavity and in in vitro cultures, and this adhesion has important physiological significance. We demonstrated that cell proliferation could be promoted when MSCs were co‐cultured with EPCs, which was beneficial to angiogenesis, tissue repair, and regeneration. The adhesion of MSCs and EPCs could promote the pluripotency of MSCs, particularly self‐renewal and multi‐differentiation to osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. This study focused on the mechanism of adhesion between EPCs and MSCs. The results showed that E‐cadherin (E‐cad) mediated the adhesion of MSCs and EPCs through the E‐cad/beta‐catenin signaling pathway. The E‐cad of EPCs occupied a dominant position during this process, which activated and up‐regulated the beta‐catenin (β‐catenin) of MSCs to improve cohesion and exert their biological function.
Cost‐effectiveness of multisystemic therapy versus usual treatment for young people with antisocial problems
Authors: Vermeulen Karin M. , Jansen Daniëlle E. M. C. , Knorth Erik J. , Buskens Erik , Reijneveld Sijmen A. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundBehavioural problems are common among adolescents. The burden on society in social disturbance, health, failures to contribute and costs has triggered innovative community‐based interventions such as multisystemic therapy (MST).AimsOur aim was to compare the cost‐effectiveness of MST and treatment as usual (TAU).MethodsCost‐effectiveness was assessed alongside a randomised clinical trial. One hundred and sixteen adolescents were allocated to MST or TAU. Follow‐up lasted six months. Quality of life (EQ‐5D) as perceived by the adolescents was the primary outcome. A societal perspective was used for cost assessment.ResultsThere was no significant difference between groups in the small improvement experienced in quality of life (EQ‐5D average score improvement in both 0.02 points, standard deviation 0.13 MST; 0.23 TAU). Dropout before follow‐up was 48% and 69% respectively. Overall costs attributed to these young people were, however, 50% lower in the MST group. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) was 384,633€ (95% CI: −2,001,433 to 2,024,681€), which indicates dominance of MST over TAU.Conclusions/Implications for practiceOur study shows that, at worst, MST offers no advantage to young offenders in terms of their experienced quality of life, but ‘TAU’ included family focused intervention as well as standard supervision. There were some cost advantages for the individual and his/her family in the MST group, but substantial cost benefits for wider society. The case for a large, multi‐centre, perhaps international trial is strong as widespread implementation of MST would benefit everyone if these findings are confirmed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of N‐octylnortadalafil and its Stereoisomers in Dietary Supplements with Chiral Liquid Chromatography–Circular Dichroism
Authors: Sakamoto Miho , Kishimoto Kiyoko , Saito Yuri , Suzuki Ikuo , Moriyasu Takako 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA direct chiral liquid chromatography–circular dichroism (LC‐CD) method was developed for the simple and rapid identification of N‐octylnortadalafil [(6R, 12aR)‐6‐(1,3‐benzodioxol‐5‐yl)‐2‐octyl‐2,3,6,7,12,12a‐hexahydropyrazino[1’,2’:1,6]pyrido[3,4‐b]indole‐1,4‐dione; RR‐OTDF] and its stereoisomers in dietary supplements. Samples were extracted with methanol. Compounds were then separated by chiral LC‐CD using Chiralcel OD‐RH (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 µm) with 5 mM ammonium formate (pH 3)/0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile (95:5, v/v) mixture solution (mobile phase A) and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile (mobile phase B). The isocratic elution used was mobile phase A / mobile phase B (3:7, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The column temperature was held at 30°C. RR‐OTDF and its stereoisomers were separated within 20 min with the resolution factors being over 2.0. Using this method, RR‐OTDF and (6R, 12aS)‐6‐(1,3‐benzodioxol‐5‐yl)‐2‐octyl‐2,3,6,7,12,12a‐hexahydropyrazino[1’,2’:1,6]pyrido[3,4‐b]indole‐1,4‐dione were detected in a dietary supplement. Chirality 28:204–208, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
HPC‐GAP: engineering a 21st‐century high‐performance computer algebra system
Authors: Behrends Reimer , Hammond Kevin , Janjic Vladimir , Konovalov Alexander , Linton Steve , Loidl Hans‐Wolfgang , Maier Patrick , Trinder Phil 
Published: January 2016

SummarySymbolic computation has underpinned a number of key advances in Mathematics and Computer Science. Applications are typically large and potentially highly parallel, making them good candidates for parallel execution at a variety of scales from multi‐core to high‐performance computing systems. However, much existing work on parallel computing is based around numeric rather than symbolic computations. In particular, symbolic computing presents particular problems in terms of varying granularity and irregular task sizes that do not match conventional approaches to parallelisation. It also presents problems in terms of the structure of the algorithms and data. This paper describes a new implementation of the free open‐source GAP computational algebra system that places parallelism at the heart of the design, dealing with the key scalability and cross‐platform portability problems. We provide three system layers that deal with the three most important classes of hardware: individual shared memory multi‐core nodes, mid‐scale distributed clusters of (multi‐core) nodes and full‐blown high‐performance computing systems, comprising large‐scale tightly connected networks of multi‐core nodes. This requires us to develop new cross‐layer programming abstractions in the form of new domain‐specific skeletons that allow us to seamlessly target different hardware levels. Our results show that, using our approach, we can achieve good scalability and speedups for two realistic exemplars, on high‐performance systems comprising up to 32000 cores, as well as on ubiquitous multi‐core systems and distributed clusters. The work reported here paves the way towards full‐scale exploitation of symbolic computation by high‐performance computing systems, and we demonstrate the potential with two major case studies. © 2016 The Authors. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Development of functional beverages from blends of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract and selected fruit juices for optimal antioxidant properties
Authors: Ogundele Oluwatoyin M. A. , Awolu Olugbenga O. , Badejo Adebanjo A. , Nwachukwu Ifeanyi D. , Fagbemi Tayo N. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe demand for functional foods and drinks with health benefit is on the increase. The synergistic effect from mixing two or more of such drinks cannot be overemphasized. This study was carried out to formulate and investigate the effects of blends of two or more of pineapple, orange juices, carrot, and Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts (HSE) on the antioxidant properties of the juice formulations in order to obtain a combination with optimal antioxidant properties. Experimental design was carried out using optimal mixture model of response surface methodology which generated twenty experimental runs with antioxidant properties as the responses. The DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid)] radical scavenging abilities, ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), vitamin C, total phenolics, and total carotenoids contents of the formulations were evaluated as a test of antioxidant property. In all the mixtures, formulations having HSE as part of the mixture showed the highest antioxidant potential. The statistical analyzes, however, showed that the formulations containing pineapple, carrot, orange, and HSE of 40.00, 16.49, 17.20, and 26.30%, respectively, produced optimum antioxidant potential and was shown to be acceptable to a research laboratory guidance panel, thus making them viable ingredients for the production of functional beverages possessing important antioxidant properties with potential health benefits.
Preoperative biliary drainage does not increase major complications in pancreaticoduodenectomy: a large single center experience from the Massachusetts General Hospital
Authors: Sahora Klaus , Morales‐Oyarvide Vicente , Ferrone Cristina , Fong Zhi Ven , Warshaw Andrew L. , Lillemoe Keith D. , Fernández‐del Castillo Carlos 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) on perioperative morbidity and mortality in pancreatic surgery is still under debate. The aim of this study was to investigate outcomes of stented vs. non‐stented patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).MethodsWe retrospectively compared 500 consecutive patients who underwent PBD prior to PD with 500 patients who did not. Ninety‐day mortality and morbidity were assessed.ResultsThe overall postoperative morbidity and mortality was 37% and 1.4%, respectively. Major complications (Clavien ≥ III) occurred in 16% of patients. The overall morbidity and mortality was not significantly higher in patients who underwent PBD. However, the rate of wound infection was significantly higher in patients who underwent PBD (19% vs. 9%, P = 0.001). When comparing intraoperative bile cultures of stented patients with and without wound infection, the presence of Enterobacter species (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.5–4.1, P = 0.001) and Citrobacter species (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1–5.2, P = 0.037) in the bile significantly increased the likelihood of wound infection.ConclusionPreoperative biliary drainage is associated with bactobilia and wound infection, but does not affect the overall morbidity and mortality of patients undergoing PD.
Comparative genome‐wide analysis reveals that Burkholderia contaminans MS14 possesses multiple antimicrobial biosynthesis genes but not major genetic loci required for pathogenesis
Authors: Deng Peng , Wang Xiaoqiang , Baird Sonya M. , Showmaker Kurt C. , Smith Leif , Peterson Daniel G. , Lu Shien 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBurkholderia contaminans MS14 shows significant antimicrobial activities against plant and animal pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The antifungal agent occidiofungin produced by MS14 has great potential for development of biopesticides and pharmaceutical drugs. However, the use of Burkholderia species as biocontrol agent in agriculture is restricted due to the difficulties in distinguishing between plant growth‐promoting bacteria and the pathogenic bacteria. The complete MS14 genome was sequenced and analyzed to find what beneficial and virulence‐related genes it harbors. The phylogenetic relatedness of B. contaminans MS14 and other 17 Burkholderia species was also analyzed. To research MS14′s potential virulence, the gene regions related to the antibiotic production, antibiotic resistance, and virulence were compared between MS14 and other Burkholderia genomes. The genome of B. contaminans MS14 was sequenced and annotated. The genomic analyses reveal the presence of multiple gene sets for antimicrobial biosynthesis, which contribute to its antimicrobial activities. BLAST results indicate that the MS14 genome harbors a large number of unique regions. MS14 is closely related to another plant growth‐promoting Burkholderia strain B. lata 383 according to the average nucleotide identity data. Moreover, according to the phylogenetic analysis, plant growth‐promoting species isolated from soils and mammalian pathogenic species are clustered together, respectively. MS14 has multiple antimicrobial activity‐related genes identified from the genome, but it lacks key virulence‐related gene loci found in the pathogenic strains. Additionally, plant growth‐promoting Burkholderia species have one or more antimicrobial biosynthesis genes in their genomes as compared with nonplant growth‐promoting soil‐isolated Burkholderia species. On the other hand, pathogenic species harbor multiple virulence‐associated gene loci that are not present in nonpathogenic Burkholderia species. The MS14 genome as well as Burkholderia species genome show considerable diversity. Multiple antimicrobial agent biosynthesis genes were identified in the genome of plant growth‐promoting species of Burkholderia. In addition, by comparing to nonpathogenic Burkholderia species, pathogenic Burkholderia species have more characterized homologs of the gene loci known to contribute to pathogenicity and virulence to plant and animals.
Vaginohysteroscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of vaginal lesions
Authors: Di Spiezio Sardo Attilio , Zizolfi Brunella , Calagna Gloria , Florio Pasquale , Nappi Carmine , Di Carlo Costantino 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe vaginoscopic approach for hysteroscopy allows detailed endoscopic evaluation of the vaginal walls, fornices, and exocervix.ObjectivesTo review the feasibility and efficacy of vaginohysteroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of vaginal lesions.Search strategyA systematic review was performed of PubMed/Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Database to identify papers published in English. The search terms were “hysteroscopy,” “vaginoscopy,” “vagino‐hysteroscopy,” and “vaginal lesion.” The last review was performed on January 31, 2015.Selection criteriaStudies in which the diagnosis and treatment of vaginal lesions used the vaginoscopic approach and hysteroscopic instrumentation were reviewed.Data collection and analysisData were extracted from the identified studies and then analyzed.Main resultsThirteen studies were reviewed. Eleven described one case; one reported observations from two patients, and one study reported a case series. All vaginohysteroscopies reported were performed successfully and without significant complications.ConclusionsVaginohysteroscopy is an easy way to gain access to the cervical canal and an important tool with which to diagnose and treat vaginal lesions.
Meta‐analysis of synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease reveals selective molecular vesicular machinery vulnerability
Authors: de Wilde Martijn C. , Overk Cassia R. , Sijben John W. , Masliah Eliezer 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIntroductionLoss of synapses best correlates to cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) in which oligomeric neurotoxic species of amyloid‐β appears to contribute synaptic pathology. Although a number of clinical pathologic studies have been performed with limited sample size, there are no systematic studies encompassing large samples. Therefore, we performed a meta‐analysis study.MethodsWe identified 417 publications reporting postmortem synapse and synaptic marker loss from AD patients. Two meta‐analyses were performed using a single database of subselected publications and calculating the standard mean differences.ResultsMeta‐analysis confirmed synaptic loss in selected brain regions is an early event in AD pathogenesis. The second meta‐analysis of 57 synaptic markers revealed that presynaptic makers were affected more than postsynaptic markers.DiscussionThe present meta‐analysis study showed a consistent synaptic loss across brain regions and that molecular machinery including endosomal pathways, vesicular assembly mechanisms, glutamate receptors, and axonal transport are often affected.
Exposure pattern influences the degree of drug-seeking behaviour after withdrawal
Authors: In Sunghyun , Zhao Rong Jie , Han Hye Ryeong , Yang Chae Ha , Kim Hee Young , Gwak Young S. , Lee Bong Hyo 
Published: January 2016

ObjectivesThe occurrence of a relapse during abstinence is an important issue that must be addressed during treatment for drug addiction. We investigated the influence of drug exposure pattern on morphine-seeking behaviour following withdrawal. We also studied the role of the hippocampus in this process to confirm its involvement in drug relapse.MethodsMale Sprague–Dawley rats that were trained to self-administer morphine (1.0 mg/kg) using 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 h daily sessions underwent withdrawal in their home cages and were re-exposed to the operant chamber to evaluate morphine-seeking behaviour. During the relapse session, rats were intravenously injected with morphine (0.25 mg/kg) or saline before re-exposure to the chamber. In the second experiment, rats were administered a microinjection of saline or cobalt chloride (CoCl2, 1 mM), a synaptic blocker, into the CA1 of the hippocampus prior to the relapse test.ResultsIn the first experiment, more morphine-seeking behaviour was observed in the 2 h group (animals trained to self-administer morphine during a 2 h daily session spread over 21 days) during the relapse session, despite all groups being exposed to similar amounts of morphine during the training period before withdrawal. In the second experiment, pretreatment with CoCl2 markedly reduced morphine-seeking behaviour in the 2 h group.ConclusionsThe present findings suggest that the exposure pattern influences the degree of relapse and that control of memorisation is important for prevention of relapse.
The Cosquer Cave on Cape Morgiou, Marseilles
Authors: Clottes Jean , Beltrán Antonio , Courtin Jean , Cosquer Henri 
Published: January 2016

The discovery of Palaeolithic wall paintings and engravings in a cave whose entrance lies below the present sea-level near Marseilles has created considerable interest – and no little controversy. The paper describes and analyses the remarkable find, with special attention to its authenticity.During the Pleistocene there were large variations in sea-level under the influence of glaciations and inter-glacial warm episodes. During the Late Wurm glaciation in the Upper Palaeolithic the sea-level dropped to 110–120 m below its present level (Lumley 1976: 311). At that time the Lerins islands, the Hyeres islands and the Frioul archipelago and the islet of Planier off Marseilles were linked with the coast, and much of the Golfe du Lion was occupied by a vast plain.
Older adults have an altered chylomicron response to a high-fat meal
Authors: Milan Amber M. , Nuora Anu , Pundir Shikha , Pileggi Chantal A. , Markworth James F. , Linderborg Kaisa M. , Cameron-Smith David 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAgeing is associated with a prolonged and exaggerated postprandial lipaemia. This study aimed to examine the contribution of alterations in chylomicron synthesis, size and lipid composition to increased lipaemia. Healthy older (60–75 years;n15) and younger (20–25 years;n15) subjects consumed a high-fat breakfast. Chylomicron dynamics and fatty acid composition were analysed for 5 h in the postprandial state. Plasma TAG levels were elevated following the meal in the older subjects, relative to younger subjects (P<0·01). For older subjects compared with younger subjects, circulating chylomicron particle size was smaller (P<0·05), with greater apoB content (P<0·05) at all postprandial time points. However, total chylomicron TAG concentration between the groups was unaltered post-meal. Compared with younger subjects, the older subjects exhibited a greater proportion of oleic acid in the TAG and phospholipid (PL) fraction (P<0·05), plus lower proportions of linoleic acid in the TAG fraction of the chylomicrons (P<0·01). Thus, following the ingestion of a high-fat meal, older individuals demonstrate both smaller, more numerous chylomicrons, with a greater total MUFA and lower PUFA contents. These data suggest that the increased postprandial lipaemia of ageing cannot be attributed to increased chylomicron TAG. Rather, ageing is associated with changes in chylomicron particle size, apoB content and fatty acid composition of the chylomicron TAG and PL fractions.