bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Step‐by‐Step Approach for Replacing Si‐IGBTs With SiC‐MOSFETs Modules in Industrial Power Converters
Authors: Prado Edemar O. , Bolsi Pedro C. , Sartori Hamiltom C. , Pinheiro José R. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis work presents a step‐by‐step approach for replacing Si‐IGBTs with SiC‐MOSFETs modules in a 9‐kW commercial double‐conversion UPS. Incremental modifications are applied to the original system, considering variations in switching frequency and evaluating its influence on losses and total volume. Through the use of Si‐IGBT transistors and redesigning the system, the volume and losses are analyzed for switching frequencies between 10 and 17 kHz. The IGBT showed limitations around 17 kHz, with high losses due to tail current. With SiC‐MOSFETs, the switching frequency is increased, resulting in smaller filter volumes. The SiC module allowed operation at frequencies in the tens and hundreds of kHz, with relatively low switching losses, which significantly reduced the volume of filters and heat transfer systems. These technological advancements resulted in reductions of up to 78% in the total volume and improved efficiency, enabling operation at lower temperatures and potentially increasing the lifetime of components.
A Reconfigurable IPT System With CC‐CV Output Characteristics and High Misalignment Tolerance
Authors: Gong Zhaowei , Zhao Man , Yang Yajing , Zhang Ningchao , Fu Yongsheng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMisalignment between transmission coils is an inevitable challenge in inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, particularly affecting the constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) outputs essential for battery charging. A reconfigurable IPT system with high misalignment tolerance and CC‐CV output characteristics is proposed in this article. The main circuit of the system is composed of a LCC‐LCC and LCC‐S topology with two intermediate coils, and two switches equipped with single unidirectionally blocking MOSFETs are incorporated on the secondary side to transition from CC to CV mode. A comprehensive analysis of the output characteristics for the proposed hybrid topology in both CC and CV modes is provided. Furthermore, the parameter optimization design based on BP coil for wide misalignment tolerance is presented. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed reconfigurable IPT system can maintain stable CC and CV outputs within 50% lateral and vertical offset (the coupling factor varies from 0.1 to 0.21), when the load varies from 11 to 80 Ω, and the output current and voltage fluctuations remain below 5%.
Nonlinear Structures of Dispersive Electrostatic Solitary Waves in a Multi‐Ion Partially Ionized Plasma
Authors: Nassiri‐Mofakham Nora 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe nonlinear structure and dynamics of dispersive solitons and breather waves described by Korteweg‐de Vries and nonlinear Schrödinger equations are studied. The theoretical and numerical study of the generalized hydrodynamic equations, accounting for wave dissipation and particle production‐loss mechanism, are considered. The reductive expansion method has been used in the context of the instability problem of multi‐fluid dynamics, applied to the study of electrostatic solitons and ion‐acoustic waves. A nonlocal model of interacting solitary‐breather waves has been presented. Applications of the theory, concerning the ion streaming instability in the framework of plasma physics, are presented.
Association Between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Incident Gastrointestinal Cancer in Korean Population: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shin Soonsu , Kim Min‐Ho , Oh Chang‐Mo , Ha Eunhee , Ryoo Jae‐Hong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe age‐standardised incidence ratio of gastrointestinal cancers in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients has been reported to be higher than that in the general population. After adjusting for shared risk factors, we aimed to explore the association between T1D and gastrointestinal cancer and examine how this relationship varies by age and sex.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 268,179 participants from the Korean National Health Insurance Service‐National Sample Cohort. The primary outcome is the incident of gastrointestinal cancers, based on diagnostic codes. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the association between T1D and gastrointestinal cancers.ResultsOf the 268,179 participants, 2681 had T1D at baseline and were followed for 12.98 (± 2.92) years. Compared with non‐T1D, T1D patients had a significantly increased risk of all gastrointestinal cancer (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.403, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.253–1.573). T1D patients increased risks of oesophageal cancer (aHR: 1.864, 95% CI: 1.038–3.349), gastric cancer (aHR: 1.313, 95% CI: 1.066–1.616), colon cancer (aHR: 1.365, 95% CI: 1.110–1.678), liver cancer (aHR: 1.388, 95% CI: 1.115–1.727), and pancreatic cancer (aHR: 1.716, 95% CI: 1.182–2.492). The consistency of this association persisted among both male and female, with its strength increasing with older age.ConclusionsThe risk of gastrointestinal cancer was significantly increased in T1D patients. Older male T1D patients exhibit a higher risk, suggesting the need for targeted attention in their care.
A network of transient domains for breaking symmetry during anterior–posterior axis formation in the porcine embryo
Authors: Plöger Ruben , Tsikolia Nikoloz , Viebahn Christoph 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBreaking radial symmetry for anterior–posterior axis formation is one of the key developmental steps of vertebrate gastrulation and is established through a succession of transient domains defined by morphology or gene expression. Three such domains were interpreted recently in the rabbit to be part of a “three‐anchor‐point model” for axis formation. To answer the question as to whether the model is generally applicable to mammals, the dynamic expression patterns of four marker genes were analyzed in the pig, where gastrulating epiblast forms from half the inner cell mass: EOMES and PKDCC transcripts display decreasing expression intensities in the anterior hypoblast and—together with WNT3—increasing intensity in the anterior streak domain and the node; TBX6 expression changes from an initial central expression to exclusive expression in the posterior extremity of the primitive streak. The anterior streak domain has thus a molecular footprint similar to the one in the rabbit, the end node shares TBX6 between the species, while the anterior hypoblast—mirroring specific porcine epiblast derivation and fate—is marked by PKDCC instead of WNT3. The molecular similarities in transient domains point to conserved mechanisms for establishing the mammalian anterior–posterior axis and, possibly, breaking radial symmetry.
Commonalities of platelet dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and underlying comorbidities
Authors: D'Italia Giorgia , Schroen Blanche , Cosemans Judith M.E.M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by a lack of a specific targeted treatment and a complex, partially unexplored pathophysiology. Common comorbidities associated with HFpEF are hypertension, atrial fibrillation, obesity and diabetes. These comorbidities, combined with advanced age, play a crucial role in the initiation and development of the disease through the promotion of systemic inflammation and consequent changes in cardiac phenotype. In this context, we suggest platelets as important players due to their emerging role in vascular inflammation. This review provides an overview of the role of platelets in HFpEF and its associated comorbidities, including hypertension, atrial fibrillation, obesity and diabetes mellitus, as well as the impact of age and sex on platelet function. These major HFpEF‐associated comorbidities present alterations in platelet behaviour and in features linked to platelet size, content and reactivity. The resulting dysfunctional platelets can contribute to further increase inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, suggesting an active role of these cells in the initiation and progression of HFpEF. Recent evidence shows that reduced platelet count and elevated mean platelet volume are associated with worsening heart failure in HFpEF patients. However, the specific mechanisms by which platelets contribute to HFpEF development and progression are still largely unexplored, with only a few studies investigating platelet function in HFpEF. We discuss the limited yet significant body of research investigating platelet function in HFpEF, emphasizing the need for more comprehensive studies. Additionally, we explore the potential mechanisms through which platelets may influence HFpEF, such as their interactions with the vascular endothelium and the secretion of bioactive molecules like cytokines, chemokines and RNA molecules. These interactions and secretions may play a role in modulating vascular inflammation and contributing to the pathophysiological landscape of HFpEF. The review underscores the necessity for future research to elucidate the precise contributions of platelets to HFpEF, aiming to potentially identify novel therapeutic targets and improve patient outcomes. The evidence presented herein supports the hypothesis that platelets are not merely passive bystanders but active participants in the pathophysiology of HFpEF and its comorbidities.
Multimodal Fusion Anomaly Detection Model for Agricultural Wireless Sensors
Authors: Zhou Zhenggui 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAgricultural Internet of Things has become one of the most important data sources of agricultural big data. However, the wireless sensors equipped with agricultural Internet of Things is affected by many factors, and anomalous data inevitably exists during the data collection process. The existence of anomalous data leads to the deterioration of the agricultural data quality, which hinders the efficient development of agricultural data analysis. In order to detect anomalous data accurately for agricultural wireless sensors, in this article, we propose an anomaly detection model that combines multimodal fusion and error reconstruction. The model first adds Gaussian noise to the input sequence and converts it into standard time series and image data. Subsequently, it is processed by different modal encoders and fuses the image and sequence modal data using Temporal Cross‐modal Attention module to enhance the perception of anomalous modal information. Finally, the fused data is reconstructed, and anomalous data are identified by the image and sequence decoders. Comparison experiments with several baselines prove the validity of the model proposed in this article, ablation experiments prove the necessity of the key modules in the model, and multiple sets of experiments are also designed to discuss the effects of hyperparameters.
Test and sensitivity analysis of base‐isolated steel frame with low‐friction spherical sliding bearings
Authors: Akazawa Motoki , Kurata Masahiro , Yamazaki Shinsuke , Kawamata Yohsuke , Matsuo Shintaro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn Japan, spherical sliding bearings with low friction coefficients are gaining popularity for base‐isolating low‐rise frames that are relatively lightweight. However, the complete dataset of isolators and a base‐isolated frame for evaluating the model sensitivity and response uncertainty are limited. This study first presents the design process, isolation unit‐ and frame‐level testing, and a blind prediction contest conducted on the occasion of full‐scale shaking table testing of a three‐story base‐isolated hospital specimen. The design process utilizes a numerical model that accounts for the velocity and contact pressure dependencies and requires soft‐ and hard‐case simulations with nominal friction coefficients plus and minus standard deviation to consider the uncertainties associated with the bearing behavior. The pre‐shipment isolation unit and frame shake table testing yielded an invaluable dataset for bearings under normal and low contact pressures, low and high velocities, and constant and varying axial loads. The accompanying blind prediction contest provided a valuable dataset for rethinking the impact of modeling uncertainty. In‐depth data analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted. The sliding coefficient increased under low‐contact pressure and low‐velocity conditions. The static friction coefficient was 1.9 to 4.5 times higher than the dynamic coefficient, but this had little impact on the residual displacement, cumulative travel, and maximum story shear force. The axial force fluctuation, vertical motion, and two‐directional input did not significantly affect the bearing behavior in the test. The test and the following simulations confirmed that the low friction coefficient helped the building contents, that is, medical equipment in this study, remain in order under near‐fault and long‐period ground motions.
Hydrogeomorphic response of steep streams following severe wildfire in the Western cascades, Oregon
Authors: Busby David M. , Wilcox Andrew C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSevere wildfire may alter steep mountain streams by increasing peak discharges, elevating sediment and wood inputs into channels, and increasing susceptibility to landslides and debris flows. In the Pacific Northwest, where mean annual precipitation is high and mean fire‐return intervals range from decades to centuries, understanding of steep stream response to fire is limited. We evaluate the hydrologic and geomorphic response of ~100‐m‐long steep stream reaches to the large‐scale and severe 2020 fires in the Western Cascade Range, Oregon. In the two runoff seasons after the fires, peak flows in burned reaches were below the 2‐year recurrence interval flood, a level sufficient to mobilize the median grain size of bed material, but not large enough to mobilize coarser material and reorganize channel morphology. Sediment inputs to study streams consisted of two road‐fill failure landslides, slumps, sheetwash, and minor bank erosion; precipitation thresholds to trigger debris flows were not exceeded in our sites. There was a 50% increase in the number of large wood pieces in burned reaches after the fires. Changes in fluxes of water, sediment, and wood induced shifts in the balance of sediment supply to transport capacity, initiating a sequence of sediment aggradation and bed‐material fining followed by erosion and bed‐material coarsening. Gross channel form showed resilience to change, and an unburned reference reach exhibited little morphologic change. Post‐fire recruitment of large wood will likely have long‐term implications for channel morphology and habitat heterogeneity. Below‐average precipitation during the study period, combined with an absence of extreme precipitation events, was an important control on channel responses. Climate change may have a complex effect on stream response to wildfire by increasing the propensity for both drought and extreme rain events and by altering vegetation recovery patterns.
A review of Mpox: Biological characteristics, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies
Authors: Jiang Lin , Xu Ailan , Guan Lin , Tang Yong , Chai Guangshuai , Feng Junya , Wu Yueqi , Li Maochen , Zhang Chuxie , Liu Xiaojing , Xu Xiaolong , Liu Qingquan , Song Lihua , Tong Yigang , Blundell Renald , Fan Huahao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO), and the zoonotic disease caused by viral infection was renamed as “Mpox” on November 28, 2022. Currently, there is no approved vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for Mpox, and a main preventive strategy against MPXV infection remains the smallpox vaccine. Although there was an emergency use authorization (EUA) of Brincidofovir and Tecovirimat for the clinical treatment of clade II Mpox, while Tecovirimat failed to reduce the duration of Mpox lesions among patients infected with clade I Mpox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Therefore, it is still an urgent need to develop an effective medication. This review aims to enhance the understanding of Mpox and contribute to its prevention and treatment strategies, it provides a systemic introduction of the biological and epidemiological characteristics of MPXV, the clinical feature and diagnosis of Mpox, as well as treatment and prevention strategies, which will improve the comprehension about MPXV and offer potential strategies for clinical treatment.
Hydrogen Sulfide and 5‐Aminolevulinic Acid Synergistically Enhance Drought Tolerance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Kaya Cengiz , Uğurlar Ferhat 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEnhancing crop drought tolerance is crucial for food security amid climate change. This study examines how 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can improve drought resilience in tomato plants, which are essential for sustainable food production. Drought stress was induced using 12% PEG‐6000. Plants were pre‐treated with 25 mg L−1 ALA and 0.1 mg L−1 hypotaurine (HT), followed by 0.2 mM sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) treatment to assess the effects on plant physiological effects over 10 days. Drought stress reduced plant dry weight, chlorophylls (a and b), Fv/Fm, leaf water potential, and relative water content, while increasing glycine betaine (GB) and proline levels. Additionally, drought stress elevated NADPH oxidase (NOX) and glycolate oxidase (GOX) activities, inducing oxidative stress and membrane damage. ALA and NaHS enhanced plant growth, photosynthesis, proline, GB, ALA content, ATP synthase, and ATPase activities, while mitigating NOX and GOX activities, thereby reducing and H2O2 radicals. ALA alone boosted L‐DES activity, promoting H2S accumulation. However, ALA + HT reduced H2S levels, compromising ALA's efficacy. NaHS with ALA + HT reinstated positive effects by restoring H2S levels. Biochemical assays confirmed ALA and NaHS promoted H2S accumulation, bolstering antioxidants, mitigating lipid peroxidation, suggesting their drought resilience potential in tomatoes.
Hospital admissions for pyoderma gangrenosum in Spain (1999–2021): Epidemiological and clinical characteristics, temporal trends, and factors associated with poor prognosis and higher cost
Authors: Belinchón‐Romero Isabel , Sánchez‐Martínez Verónica , Ramos‐Belinchón Clara , Ramos‐Rincón José‐Manuel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a neutrophilic inflammatory dermatosis that can be idiopathic or associated with other diseases. The aim was to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, temporal trends, risk factors for poor prognosis, and admission costs associated with PG in Spain.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study, based on the Hospital Discharge Registry of the Spanish National Health System in Spain from 1999 to 2021.ResultsOf 82,161,670 admissions during the study period, 4901 were for PG (hospitalization rate of 59.7/1,000,000 admissions). PG hospitalizations increased from 28.8/1,00,000 in 1999 to 91.9/1,000,000 in 2021. PG was a primary cause of admission in 60.5% of cases, and 58.4% of patients were women. The main PG‐related comorbidities were inflammatory bowel disease (15.7%) and neoplasms (10%). There was a significant increase over the years in admissions for inflammatory bowel disease, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, and lymphoma, as well as an increase in diseases unrelated to PG, such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The hospital mortality rate was 5.6%. Death was associated with PG being a primary diagnosis, older age, leukemia, neoplasms, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The cost of treatment increased over the years and was higher in older people.ConclusionPG cases in the inpatient setting in Spain over the past 23 years make up a tiny proportion of all hospital admissions, although the rate of hospitalization for PG has increased in the last two decades.
Individual differences in parasympathetic functioning across social stressor tasks: Relations with child and parent anxiety
Authors: Bui Hong N. T. , Chronis‐Tuscano Andrea , Shakiba Nila , Rubin Kenneth H. , Perlstein Samantha , Lorenzo Nicole E. , Novick Danielle R. , Danko Christina M. , Dougherty Lea R. , Wagner Nicholas J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChildren with elevated behavioural inhibition (BI) show context‐inappropriate fear and dysregulated RSA across stressor tasks. However, few studies have examined dynamic RSA within tasks and relations to parent and child anxiety. Using piecewise growth modelling and multimethod baseline data from an intervention study of 151 3.5–5‐year‐old children and their parents, we examined relations between child social anxiety (SA), parent anxiety and their interaction in predicting children's RSA across social stressor tasks (e.g. learning about unfamiliar peers, Trier Social Stress). Within the sample, 49.63% of children were reported to be White, non‐Hispanic/Latine (n = 67), 22% multiracial (n = 31), 14.81% Asian/Pacific Islander (n = 20) and 12.59% Black/African‐American (n = 17). Furthermore, 64.44% of the parents were reported to be White, non‐Hispanic/Latine (n = 87), 20% Asian/Pacific Islander (n = 27), 13.33% Black/African‐American (n = 18) and 2.22% multiracial (n = 3). Children showed differentiated RSA reactivity and recovery within an anticipatory social learning task based on their level of clinically appraised SA. Relations between child SA and RSA across tasks was moderated by parent anxiety, specifically for dyads matched in anxiety. Findings provide support for the potential influence of both child and parent anxiety on children's parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) responses across specific self‐regulatory tasks.