bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of cerebral blood flow with magnetic resonance imaging in children with sickle cell disease: A quantitative comparison with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography
Authors: Croal Paula L. , Leung Jackie , Kosinski Przemyslaw , Shroff Manohar , Odame Isaac , Kassner Andrea 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionTranscranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) is a clinical tool for stratifying ischemic stroke risk by identifying abnormal elevations in blood flow velocity (BFV) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA). However, TCD is not effective at screening for subtle neurologic injury such as silent cerebral infarcts. To better understand this disparity, we compared TCD measures of BFV with tissue‐level cerebral blood flow (CBF) using arterial spin‐labeling MRI in children with and without sickle cell disease, and correlated these measurements against clinical hematologic measures of disease severity.MethodsTCD and MRI assessment were performed in 13 pediatric sickle cell disease patients and eight age‐matched controls. Using MRI measures of MCA diameter and territory weight, TCD measures of BFV in the MCA [cm/s] were converted into units of CBF [ml min−1100 g−1] for comparison.ResultsThere was no significant association between TCD measures of BFV in the MCA and corresponding MRI measures of CBF in patients (r = .28, p = .39) or controls (r = .10, p = .81). After conversion from BFV into units of CBF, a strong association was observed between TCD and MRI measures (r = .67, p = .017 in patients, r = .86, p = .006 in controls). While BFV in the MCA showed a lack of correlation with arterial oxygen content, an inverse association was observed for CBF measurements.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that BFV in the MCA cannot be used as a surrogate marker for tissue‐level CBF in children with sickle cell disease. Therefore, TCD alone may not be sufficient for understanding and predicting subtle pathophysiology in this population, highlighting the potential clinical value of tissue‐level CBF.
Synthesis and Characterization of the Hemi‐Salen Ligands and Their Triboron Complexes: Spectroscopy and Examination of Anticancer Properties
Authors: Kilic Ahmet , Koyuncu Ismail , Durgun Mustafa , Ozaslan Ismail , Kaya İbrahim Halil , Gönel Ataman 
Published: October 2017

The synthesis, spectroscopic properties, and in vitro cytotoxicity activity of a series of various salen‐based triboron complexes have been designed and prepared from hemi‐salen (L1H3 – L4H3) ligands and BF3·Et2O or BPh3 under simple reaction conditions. The hemi‐salen (L1H3 – L4H3) ligands and their BF2 or BPh2 chelating triboron complexes were characterized by means of NMR (1H, 13C, 19F, and 11B) spectra, FT‐IR spectra, UV/VIS spectra, fluorescence spectra, mass spectra, melting point, as well as elemental analysis. The triboron [L(1 – 4)(BF2)3] and [L(1 – 4)(BPh2)3] complexes were investigated for their absorption and emission properties, and these complexes are also good chelates towards boron(III) fragments such as BF2 or BPh2 quantum yield in solution reaching up to 38%. The hemi‐salen (L1H3 – L4H3) ligands and their BF2 or BPh2 chelating triboron complexes were tested for the in vitro anticancer activity against various cancer and normal cells (HeLa, DLD‐1, ECC‐1, PC‐3, PNT‐1A, and CRL‐4010), and it was found that the cell viability of cancer cells was decreased while most of the healthy cells could still be viable. Also, the cytotoxicity studies showed that anticancer activity of hemi‐salen (L1H3 – L4H3) ligands is higher than that of triboron [L(1 – 4)(BF2)3] and [L(1 – 4)(BPh2)3] complexes. The hemi‐salen (L1H3 – L4H3) ligands showing the strongest cytotoxic effect in PC‐3 cells were found to exhibit anticancer activity with apoptosis by increasing the level of ROS in the PC‐3 cells.
Experimental Evaluation of (L)Au Electron‐Donor Ability in Cationic Gold Carbene Complexes
Authors: Carden Robert G. , Lam Nathan , Widenhoefer Ross A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract29Si NMR spectroscopy was employed to evaluate the electron donor properties of the (L)Au fragments in the cationic gold (β,β‐disilyl)vinylidene complexes [(L)Au=C=CSi(Me)2CH2CH2Si(Me)2]+B(C6F5)4− [L=P(tBu)2o‐biphenyl or NHC] relative to the p‐substituted aryl group in the α‐aryl‐(β,β‐disilyl)vinyl cations [(p‐C6H4X)‐C= CSi(Me)2CH2CH2Si(Me)2]+B(C6F5)4−. Similarly, 19F NMR was employed to evaluate the σ‐ and π‐electron donor properties of the (L)Au fragments in the neutral gold fluorophenyl complexes (L)Au(C6H4F) and in the cationic (fluorophenyl)methoxycarbene complexes [(L)AuC(OMe)(C6H4F)]+SbF6− [L=P(tBu)2o‐biphenyl or IPr] relative to the p‐substituted aryl group of the protonated monofluorobenzophenones [(p‐C6H4X)(C6H4F)COH]+OTf−. The results of these studies indicate that relative to p‐substituted aryl groups, the gold (L)Au fragments [L=P(tBu)2o‐biphenyl or NHC] are significantly more inductively electron donating and are comparable π‐donors and for this reason, the extent of (L)Au→C1 electron donation in gold carbene complexes appears to exceed that provided by a p‐(dimethyamino)phenyl group. Furthermore, the [L=P(tBu)2o‐biphenyl]Au fragment is a nominally stronger electron donor than the (IPr)Au fragment, and both are significantly more inductively electron donating than the (PPh3)Au and [P(OMe)3]Au fragments.
Increasing habitat complexity on seawalls: Investigating large‐ and small‐scale effects on fish assemblages
Authors: Morris Rebecca L. , Chapman M. Gee , Firth Louise B. , Coleman Ross A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe construction of artificial structures in the marine environment is increasing globally. Eco‐engineering aims to mitigate the negative ecological impacts of built infrastructure through designing structures to be multifunctional, benefiting both humans and nature. To date, the focus of eco‐engineering has largely been on benefits for benthic invertebrates and algae. Here, the potential effect of eco‐engineered habitats designed for benthic species on fish was investigated. Eco‐engineered habitats (“flowerpots”) were added to an intertidal seawall in Sydney Harbour, Australia. Responses of fish assemblages to the added habitats were quantified at two spatial scales; large (among seawalls) and small (within a seawall). Data were collected during high tide using cameras attached to the seawall to observe pelagic and benthic fish. At the larger spatial scale, herbivores, planktivores, and invertebrate predators were generally more abundant at the seawall with the added flowerpots, although results were temporally variable. At the smaller spatial scale, certain benthic species were more abundant around flowerpots than at the adjacent control areas of seawall, although there was no general pattern of differences in species density and trophic group abundance of pelagic fish between areas of the seawall with or without added habitats. Although we did not find consistent, statistically significant findings throughout our study, the field of research to improve fish habitat within human‐use constraints is promising and important, although it is in its early stages (it is experimental and requires a lot of trial and error). To advance this field, it is important to document when effects were detected, and when they were not, so that others can refine the designs or scale of habitat enhancements or their study approaches (e.g., sampling protocols).
Longitudinal shortening of sub‐epicardial myocytes in severe ischaemic cardiomyopathy: insights from gadolinium contrast cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Bjerre Jenny , Kyhl Kasper , Gustafsson Finn , Kelbæk Henning , Engstrøm Thomas , Olsen Peter Skov , Hasbak Philip , Vejlstrup Niels , Madsen Per Lav 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe present two patients with three‐vessel disease and severely depressed left ventricular (LV) systolic function where viability analysis by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated areas of near‐transmural sub‐endocardial fibrosis and hence little chance of regaining systolic function as judged by conventional analysis from radial function. Despite the pessimistic cardiac magnetic resonance imaging analysis, however, the patients underwent full revascularization and regained impressive increases in LV systolic function mainly based on improved longitudinal systolic segment function. The cases highlight that sub‐epicardial, longitudinally oriented myocytes can contribute to overall LV systolic function and suggest taking their ‘piston‐function’ into consideration when analysing viability.
Running large‐scale CFD applications on Intel‐KNL–based clusters
Authors: Tiwari Ananta , Cauble‐Chantrenne Allyson , Jundt Adam , Peraza Joshua , Löhner Rainald , Baum Joseph D. , Carrington Laura 
Published: October 2017

SummaryIntel's latest Xeon Phi processor, Knights Landing (KNL), has the potential to provide over 2.6 TFLOPS. However, to obtain maximum performance on the KNL, significant refactoring and optimization of application codes are still required to exploit key architectural innovations that KNL features—wide vector units, many‐core node design, and deep memory hierarchy. The experience and insights gained in porting and running FEFLO (a typical edge‐based finite element code for the solution of compressible and incompressible flows) on the KNL platform are described in this paper. In particular, optimizations used to extract on‐node parallelism via vectorization and multithreading and improve internode communication are considered. These optimizations resulted in a 2.3× performance gain on a 16 node runs of FEFLO, with the potential for larger performance gains as the code is scaled beyond 16 nodes. The impact of the different configurations of KNL's on‐package MCDRAM (Multi‐Channel DRAM) memory on FEFLO's performance is also explored. Finally, the performance of the optimized versions of FEFLO for KNL and Haswell (Intel Xeon) is compared.
Novel Dendritic PNP Chromium Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance on Ethylene Oligomerization
Authors: Wang Jun , Gao Rui , Zhang Na , Tan Xiangkun , Wang Libo , Ma Lili , Shi Weiguang 
Published: October 2017

Three dendritic PNP ligands with ethylenediamine, 1,4‐butanediamine, 1,6‐diaminohexane as bridged groups are synthesized in good yields, respectively. Three dendritic PNP chromium complexes (C1 – C3) are prepared with the ligands and chromium(III) chloride tetrahydrofuran complex (CrCl3(THF)3) as materials. The dendritic PNP ligands and the synthetic chromium complexes are fully characterized by spectroscopic and analytical methods. All chromium complexes activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO) exhibited moderate activities on ethylene oligomerization (7.90 × 104 – 2.15 × 105 g (mol Cr h)−1] and had better selectivity for C6 and C8 oligomer, reaching up to 81%. The chromium complex (C1) activated with diethylaluminium chloride (Et2AlCl) has higher catalytic activity than the chromium complex C1 activated with MAO, although the chromium complex (C1) activated with Et2AlCl had lower selectivity for C6 and C8 oligomer. The effects of solvent and reaction parameters on ethylene oligomerization are also studied using the chromium complex C1 as pre‐catalyst and MAO as co‐catalyst. Under optimized conditions ([complex] = 2 μmol, Al/Cr = 500, 25 °C, 0.9 MPa ethylene, 30 min), the catalytic activity of complex C1 in toluene is 2.15 × 105 g (mol Cr h)−1 and the selectivity for C6 and C8 oligomer is 36.76%. In addition, the structure of complexes significantly affects both the catalytic activity and the selectivity on ethylene oligomerization.
Tokyo Guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholangitis (with videos)
Authors: Kiriyama Seiki , Kozaka Kazuto , Takada Tadahiro , Strasberg Steven M. , Pitt Henry A. , Gabata Toshifumi , Hata Jiro , Liau Kui‐Hin , Miura Fumihiko , Horiguchi Akihiko , Liu Keng‐Hao , Su Cheng‐Hsi , Wada Keita , Jagannath Palepu , Itoi Takao , Gouma Dirk J. , Mori Yasuhisa , Mukai Shuntaro , Giménez Mariano Eduardo , Huang Wayne Shih‐Wei , Kim Myung‐Hwan , Okamoto Kohji , Belli Giulio , Dervenis Christos , Chan Angus C. W. , Lau Wan Yee , Endo Itaru , Gomi Harumi , Yoshida Masahiro , Mayumi Toshihiko , Baron Todd H. , de Santibañes Eduardo , Teoh Anthony Yuen Bun , Hwang Tsann‐Long , Ker Chen‐Guo , Chen Miin‐Fu , Han Ho‐Seong , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Choi In‐Seok , Yoon Dong‐Sup , Higuchi Ryota , Kitano Seigo , Inomata Masafumi , Deziel Daniel J. , Jonas Eduard , Hirata Koichi , Sumiyama Yoshinobu , Inui Kazuo , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlthough the diagnostic and severity grading criteria on the 2013 Tokyo Guidelines (TG13) are used worldwide as the primary standard for management of acute cholangitis (AC), they need to be validated through implementation and assessment in actual clinical practice. Here, we conduct a systematic review of the literature to validate the TG13 diagnostic and severity grading criteria for AC and propose TG18 criteria. While there is little evidence evaluating the TG13 criteria, they were validated through a large‐scale case series study in Japan and Taiwan. Analyzing big data from this study confirmed that the diagnostic rate of AC based on the TG13 diagnostic criteria was higher than that based on the TG07 criteria, and that 30‐day mortality in patients with a higher severity based on the TG13 severity grading criteria was significantly higher. Furthermore, a comparison of patients treated with early or urgent biliary drainage versus patients not treated this way showed no difference in 30‐day mortality among patients with Grade I or Grade III AC, but significantly lower 30‐day mortality in patients with Grade II AC who were treated with early or urgent biliary drainage. This suggests that the TG13 severity grading criteria can be used to identify Grade II patients whose prognoses may be improved through biliary drainage. The TG13 severity grading criteria may therefore be useful as an indicator for biliary drainage as well as a predictive factor when assessing the patient's prognosis. The TG13 diagnostic and severity grading criteria for AC can provide results quickly, are minimally invasive for the patients, and are inexpensive. We recommend that the TG13 criteria be adopted in the TG18 guidelines and used as standard practice in the clinical setting. Free full articles and mobile app of TG18 are available at: http://www.jshbps.jp/modules/en/index.php?content_id=47. Related clinical questions and references are also included.
Microscopic assessment of the tissue‐sparing potential of radiofrequency‐assisted liver resection techniques in a porcine model
Authors: Ypsilantis Petros , Lambropoulou Maria , Milicevic Miroslav , Bulajic Predrag , Karayiannakis Anastasios , Zacharoulis Dimitrios , Simopoulos Constantinos 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to microscopically assess the tissue‐sparing potential of contemporary radiofrequency‐assisted liver resection (RF‐LR) techniques.MethodsTwenty‐four pigs were subjected to either (1) partial hepatectomy (PH) using the sequential‐coagulate‐cut (SCC) technique (group SCC, n = 6) using a monopolar electrode, the technique using the bipolar electrode Habib‐4X (group H, n = 6) or the “crush‐clamp” technique (group CC, n = 6); or (2) sham operation (group Sham, n = 6). At 48 h post‐operation, liver parenchyma proximal to the ablation rim was excised for histopathologic examination and immunohistochemical assessment of apoptosis (antibody M30) and inflammatory response (antibodies IL‐6, TNFα and NFκB).ResultsHistopathologic index increased from the 1st to the 4th, the 1st to the 2nd or only the 1st cm from the inner margin of the ablation rim in group SCC, H or CC, respectively. The index was higher in group SCC compared to the other groups. Tissue expression of M30, IL‐6, TNFα and NFκB increased in all PH groups, being higher and more expanded in group SCC, H, SCC and SCC, respectively.ConclusionsRF‐LR techniques had variable microscopically assessed tissue‐sparing effect. The Habib‐4X proved to be less injurious compared to the SCC Belgrade technique regarding the severity and extent of tissue damage proximal to the ablation rim.
Usefulness of endoscopic ultrasonography‐elastography as a predictive tool for the occurrence of pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Kuwahara Takamichi , Hirooka Yoshiki , Kawashima Hiroki , Ohno Eizaburo , Yokoyama Yukihiro , Fujii Tsutomu , Nakamura Shigeo , Kodera Yasuhiro , Nagino Masato , Goto Hidemi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic fistula (PF) is a major complication following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). Pancreatic texture is a risk factor for PF, but its evaluation depends on the subjective judgment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative endoscopic ultrasonography‐elastography (EUS‐EG), which objectively assesses tissue elasticity, predict the development of PF following PD.MethodsFifty‐nine patients who underwent EUS‐EG before PD and had pancreas parenchyma histologically evaluated were included. Using histogram analysis, mean elasticity (ME), which represents tissue elasticity and is inversely correlated with pancreatic fibrosis, was calculated.ResultsAmong 59 patients, 19 developed PF (32.2%). The ME in patients with PF was significantly higher than that in patients without PF (85.4 vs. 55.6, P < 0.001). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the accuracy of pancreatic texture and ME for predicting PF were 0.718 and 0.846, respectively. When a ME of 70.0 was used as a cut‐off value for predicting PF, the sensitivity and specificity were 84.2% and 80.0%, respectively. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, only a ME of >70.0 was an independent predictor of PF (odds ratio 10.02, P = 0.008).ConclusionsEndoscopic ultrasonography‐elastography may be an accurate and objective method for predicting PF following PD.
Tokyo Guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystitis (with videos)
Authors: Yokoe Masamichi , Hata Jiro , Takada Tadahiro , Strasberg Steven M. , Asbun Horacio J. , Wakabayashi Go , Kozaka Kazuto , Endo Itaru , Deziel Daniel J. , Miura Fumihiko , Okamoto Kohji , Hwang Tsann‐Long , Huang Wayne Shih‐Wei , Ker Chen‐Guo , Chen Miin‐Fu , Han Ho‐Seong , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Choi In‐Seok , Yoon Dong‐Sup , Noguchi Yoshinori , Shikata Satoru , Ukai Tomohiko , Higuchi Ryota , Gabata Toshifumi , Mori Yasuhisa , Iwashita Yukio , Hibi Taizo , Jagannath Palepu , Jonas Eduard , Liau Kui‐Hin , Dervenis Christos , Gouma Dirk J. , Cherqui Daniel , Belli Giulio , Garden O. James , Giménez Mariano Eduardo , de Santibañes Eduardo , Suzuki Kenji , Umezawa Akiko , Supe Avinash Nivritti , Pitt Henry A. , Singh Harjit , Chan Angus C. W. , Lau Wan Yee , Teoh Anthony Yuen Bun , Honda Goro , Sugioka Atsushi , Asai Koji , Gomi Harumi , Itoi Takao , Kiriyama Seiki , Yoshida Masahiro , Mayumi Toshihiko , Matsumura Naoki , Tokumura Hiromi , Kitano Seigo , Hirata Koichi , Inui Kazuo , Sumiyama Yoshinobu , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Tokyo Guidelines 2013 (TG13) for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis were globally disseminated and various clinical studies about the management of acute cholecystitis were reported by many researchers and clinicians from all over the world. The 1st edition of the Tokyo Guidelines 2007 (TG07) was revised in 2013. According to that revision, the TG13 diagnostic criteria of acute cholecystitis provided better specificity and higher diagnostic accuracy. Thorough our literature search about diagnostic criteria for acute cholecystitis, new and strong evidence that had been released from 2013 to 2017 was not found with serious and important issues about using TG13 diagnostic criteria of acute cholecystitis. On the other hand, the TG13 severity grading for acute cholecystitis has been validated in numerous studies. As a result of these reviews, the TG13 severity grading for acute cholecystitis was significantly associated with parameters including 30‐day overall mortality, length of hospital stay, conversion rates to open surgery, and medical costs. In terms of severity assessment, breakthrough and intensive literature for revising severity grading was not reported. Consequently, TG13 diagnostic criteria and severity grading were judged from numerous validation studies as useful indicators in clinical practice and adopted as TG18/TG13 diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystitis without any modification. Free full articles and mobile app of TG18 are available at: http://www.jshbps.jp/modules/en/index.php?content_id=47. Related clinical questions and references are also included.
Magnetic resonance elastography is as accurate as liver biopsy for liver fibrosis staging
Authors: Morisaka Hiroyuki , Motosugi Utaroh , Ichikawa Shintaro , Nakazawa Tadao , Kondo Tetsuo , Funayama Satoshi , Matsuda Masanori , Ichikawa Tomoaki , Onishi Hiroshi 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundLiver MR elastography (MRE) is available for the noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis; however, no previous studies have compared the diagnostic ability of MRE with that of liver biopsy.PurposeTo compare the diagnostic accuracy of liver fibrosis staging between MRE‐based methods and liver biopsy using the resected liver specimens as the reference standard.Study TypeA retrospective study at a single institution.PopulationIn all, 200 patients who underwent preoperative MRE and subsequent surgical liver resection were included in this study. Data from 80 patients were used to estimate cutoff and distributions of liver stiffness values measured by MRE for each liver fibrosis stage (F0–F4, METAVIR system). In the remaining 120 patients, liver biopsy specimens were obtained from the resected liver tissues using a standard biopsy needle.Field Strength/Sequence2D liver MRE with gradient‐echo based sequence on a 1.5 or 3T scanner was used.AssessmentTwo radiologists independently measured the liver stiffness value on MRE and two types of MRE‐based methods (threshold and Bayesian prediction method) were applied. Two pathologists evaluated all biopsy samples independently to stage liver fibrosis. Surgically resected whole tissue specimens were used as the reference standard.Statistical TestsThe accuracy for liver fibrosis staging was compared between liver biopsy and MRE‐based methods with a modified McNemar's test.ResultsAccurate fibrosis staging was achieved in 53.3% (64/120) and 59.1% (71/120) of patients using MRE with threshold and Bayesian methods, respectively, and in 51.6% (62/120) with liver biopsy. Accuracies of MRE‐based methods for diagnoses of ≥F2 (90–91% [108–9/120]), ≥F3 (79–81% [95–97/120]), and F4 (82–85% [98–102/120]) were statistically equivalent to those of liver biopsy (≥F2, 79% [95/120], P ≤ 0.01; ≥F3, 88% [105/120], P ≤ 0.006; and F4, 82% [99/120], P ≤ 0.017).Data ConclusionMRE can be an alternative to liver biopsy for fibrosis staging.Level of Evidence: 3.Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1268–1275.