bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Naar herstelgerichte scholen in Vlaanderen? Een blik op de evolutie in de praktijk
Authors: Vanfraechem Inge 
Published: July 2017

Towards restorative schools in Flanders? A look at the evolution in practice
This article describes the context of this thematic issue on restorative practices in schools. In 2016, KU Leuven performed an explorative research named “Field Glasses”. The research dealt with similarities and differences between restorative justice in the penal context on the one hand, and the domains of community building, adult education and schools on the other hand (Deboeck e.a., 2017). Literature has been studied and actors of both practice and policy-making have been interviewed. This article describes some of the main findings with regard to restorative practices and schools.
The Effects of Menopause on Periodontal Tissue
Authors: Talo Yıldırım Tuba , Acun Kaya Filiz 
Published: July 2017

Periodontitis and gingivitis, a prevalent oral diseases, have been connected to several systemic health changes. The aim of this investigation was to review the effects of menopause on periodontal tissue. Epidemiologic studies have identified a number of risk factors and risk indicators for periodontal attachment loss, including demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, genetic, and systemic factors. Menopause has also been associated with destructive periodontal disease in older women. The homeostasis of the periodontium involves complex multifactorial relationships. Oestrogen and progesterone are responsible for physiological changes in women at specific phases of their life. Menopause is associated with significant adverse changes in the orofacial complex.
How to cite this article: Talo Yıldırım T, Acun Kaya F. The Effects of Menopause on Periodontal Tissue. Int Dent Res 2011;3:81-86.
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Selective Determination of Human Growth Hormone (Somatropin) in the Presence of Its Chemical Degradation Products
Authors: Rezk Mamdouh R , Mohamed Marwa F , Fathalla Faten Abdelaziz , Shehata Mostafa A 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
A rapid and sensitive HPLC method was developed and validated for selective determination of the human growth hormone (hGH) somatropin in the presence of its deamidated and oxidized degradation products. Reversed-phase chromatography with an acetonitrile and ammonium bicarbonate mobile phase in gradient elution mode was used. A short run time of 15 min allowed rapid and cost-effective analysis, with an average retention time of 7.4 min for native hGH, 6.2 min for its deamidated form, and 4.3 and 6 min for its oxidized variants. The method was validated for selectivity, linearity, and intra- and interday variations according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The proposed method was successfully applied for rapid evaluation of the quantity of hGH during downstream processing, formulation, and storage.
The Usefulness of Surgical Treatment in Slow-Flow Vascular Malformation Patients
Authors: Kang Gyu Bin , Bae Yong Chan , Nam Su Bong , Bae Seong Hwan , Sung Ji Yoon 
Published: July 2017

Background Many difficulties exist in establishing a treatment plan for slow-flow vascular malformation (SFVM). In particular, little research has been conducted on the surgical treatment of SFVMs. Thus, we investigated what proportion of SFVM patients were candidates for surgical treatment in clinical practice and how useful surgical treatment was in those patients.
Methods This study included 109 SFVM patients who received care at the authors’ clinic from 2007 to 2015. We classified the patients as operable or non-operable, and analyzed whether the operability and the extent of the excision varied according to the subtype and location of the SFVM. Additionally, we investigated complications and self-assessed satisfaction scores.
Results Of the 109 SFVM patients, 59 (54%) were operable, while 50 (46%) were nonoperable. Total excision could be performed in 44% of the operable SFVM patients. Lymphatic malformations were frequently non-operable, while capillary malformations were relatively operable (P=0.042). Total excision of venous malformations could generally be performed, while lymphatic malformations and combined vascular malformations generally could only undergo partial excision (P=0.048). Complications occurred in 11% of the SFVM patients who underwent surgery; these were minor complications, except for 1 case. The average overall satisfaction score was 4.19 out of 5.
Conclusions Based on many years of experience, we found that approximately half (54%) of SFVM patients were able to undergo surgery, and around half (44%) of those patients were able to fully recover after a total excision.Among the patients who underwent surgical treatment, high satisfaction was found overall and relatively few complications were reported.
Reconstruction of Large Facial Defects via Excision of Skin Cancer Using Two or More Regional Flaps
Authors: Lee Dong Min , Bae Yong Chan , Nam Su Bong , Bae Seong Hwan , Choi June Seok 
Published: July 2017

Background Free-flap surgery and skin grafting can be used to reconstruct large facial defects that may result after skin cancer removal by Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). However, these two methods may produce low postsurgical patient satisfaction with aesthetics, and free-flap surgery may produce an undue burden for the majority of skin cancer patients, who are of advanced age. Hence, the authors examined outcomes of large facial defect reconstruction using multiple flaps.
Methods Among patients undergoing MMS for skin cancer at Pusan National University Hospital between January 2013 and December 2015, we evaluated 7 patients (2 males, 5 females; average age, 73.14 years) treated for large facial defects from basal cell carcinoma. Based on operative and follow-up records, we investigated the number and type of flaps used, postsurgical complications, and patients’ post-surgical satisfaction.
Results Two and 3 types of flaps were used for 5 and 2 patients, respectively. Most frequently used were nasolabial flaps (7 times in 6 patients) and forehead flaps (once in each of 4 patients). The average follow-up period was 14 months, with no complications—including necrosis, hematoma, or wound dehiscence—observed. Post-surgical satisfaction averaged 4.4 out of a maximum of 5 points.
Conclusions Reconstruction using two or more flaps for large facial defects after skin cancer removal using MMS produced satisfactory outcomes while preventing aesthetic problems. Practitioners should consider using multiple flaps when choosing a reconstruction method for large facial defects following skin cancer removal.
Liposuction in the Treatment of Lipedema: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Dadras Mehran , Mallinger Peter Joachim , Corterier Cord Christian , Theodosiadi Sotiria , Ghods Mojtaba 
Published: July 2017

Background Lipedema is a condition consisting of painful bilateral increases in subcutaneous fat and interstitial fluid in the limbs with secondary lymphedema and fibrosis during later stages. Combined decongestive therapy (CDT) is the standard of care in most countries. Since the introduction of tumescent technique, liposuction has been used as a surgical treatment option. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of liposuction used as treatment for lipedema.
Methods Twenty-five patients who received 72 liposuction procedures for the treatment of lipedema completed a standardized questionnaire. Lipedema-associated complaints and the need for CDT were assessed for the preoperative period and during 2 separate postoperative follow-ups using a visual analog scale and a composite CDT score. The mean follow-up times for the first postoperative follow-up and the second postoperative follow-up were 16 months and 37 months, respectively.
Results Patients showed significant reductions in spontaneous pain, sensitivity to pressure, feeling of tension, bruising, cosmetic impairment, and general impairment to quality of life from the preoperative period to the first postoperative follow-up, and these results remained consistent until the second postoperative follow-up. A comparison of the preoperative period to the last postoperative follow-up, after 4 patients without full preoperative CDT were excluded from the analysis, indicated that the need for CDT was reduced significantly. An analysis of the different stages of the disease also indicated that better and more sustainable results could be achieved if patients were treated in earlier stages.
Conclusions Liposuction is effective in the treatment of lipedema and leads to an improvement in quality of life and a decrease in the need for conservative therapy.
Untangling biogeochemical processes from the impact of ocean circulation: First insight on the Mediterranean dissolved barium dynamics
Authors: Jullion L. , Jacquet S. H. M. , Tanhua T. 
Published: July 2017

Based on an unprecedented dissolved barium (D_Ba) data set collected in the Mediterranean Sea during a zonal transect between the Lebanon coast and Gibraltar (M84/3 cruise, April 2011), we decompose the D_Ba distribution to isolate the contribution of biogeochemical processes from the impact of the oceanic circulation. We have built a simple parametric water mass analysis (Parametric Optimum Multiparameter analysis) to reconstruct the contribution of the different Mediterranean water masses to the thermohaline structure. These water mass fractions have then been used to successfully reconstruct the background vertical gradient of D_Ba reflecting the balance between the large‐scale oceanic circulation and the biological activity over long time scales. Superimposed on the background field, several D_Ba anomalies have been identified. Positive anomalies are associated with topographic obstacles and may be explained by the dissolution of particulate biogenic barium (P_Ba barite) of material resuspended by the local currents. The derived dissolution rates range from 0.06 to 0.21 μmol m−2 d−1. Negative anomalies are present in the mesopelagic region of the western and eastern basins (except in the easternmost Levantine basin) as well as in the abyssal western basin. This represents the first quantification of the nonconservative component of the D_Ba signal. These mesopelagic anomalies could reflect the subtraction of D_Ba during P_Ba barite formation occurring during organic carbon remineralization. The deep anomalies may potentially reflect the transport of material toward the deep sea during winter deep convection and the subsequent remineralization. The D_Ba subtraction fluxes range from −0.07 to −1.28 μmol m−2 d−1. D_Ba‐derived fluxes of P_Ba barite (up to 0.21 μmol m−2 d−1) and organic carbon (13 to 29 mmol C m−2 d−1) are in good agreement with other independent measurements suggesting that D_Ba can help constrain remineralization horizons. This study highlights the importance of quantifying the impact of the large‐scale oceanic circulation in order to better understand the biogeochemical cycling of elements and to build reliable geochemical proxies.
Snow thickness profiling on Antarctic sea ice with GPR—Rapid and accurate measurements with the potential to upscale needles to a haystack
Authors: Pfaffhuber Andreas A. , Lieser Jan L. , Haas Christian 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSnow thickness on sea ice is a largely undersampled parameter yet of importance for the sea ice mass balance and for satellite‐based sea ice thickness estimates and thus our general understanding of global ice volume change. Traditional direct thickness measurements with meter sticks can provide accurate but only spot information, referred to as “needles” due to their pinpoint focus and information, while airborne and satellite remote sensing snow products, referred to as “the haystack,” have large uncertainties due to their scale. We demonstrate the remarkable accuracy and applicability of ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) snow thickness measurements by comparing them with in situ meter stick data from two field campaigns to Antarctica in late winter/early spring. The efficiency and millimeter‐to‐centimeter accuracy of GPR enables practitioners to acquire extensive, semiregional data with the potential to upscale needles to the haystack and to potentially calibrate satellite remote sensing products that we confirm to derive roughly 30% of the in situ thickness. We find the radar wave propagation velocity in snow to be rather constant (± 6%), encouraging regional snow thickness surveys. Snow thinner than 10 cm is under the detection limit with the off‐the‐shelf GPR setup utilized in our study.
A microphysical parameterization of aqSOA and sulfate formation in clouds
Authors: McVay Renee , Ervens Barbara 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSulfate and secondary organic aerosol (cloud aqSOA) can be chemically formed in cloud water. Model implementation of these processes represents a computational burden due to the large number of microphysical and chemical parameters. Chemical mechanisms have been condensed by reducing the number of chemical parameters. Here an alternative is presented to reduce the number of microphysical parameters (number of cloud droplet size classes). In‐cloud mass formation is surface and volume dependent due to surface‐limited oxidant uptake and/or size‐dependent pH. Box and parcel model simulations show that using the effective cloud droplet diameter (proportional to total volume‐to‐surface ratio) reproduces sulfate and aqSOA formation rates within ≤30% as compared to full droplet distributions; other single diameters lead to much greater deviations. This single‐class approach reduces computing time significantly and can be included in models when total liquid water content and effective diameter are available.
A perspective on climate model hierarchies
Authors: Jeevanjee Nadir , Hassanzadeh Pedram , Hill Spencer , Sheshadri Aditi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTo understand Earth's climate, climate modelers employ a hierarchy of climate models spanning a wide spectrum of complexity and comprehensiveness. This essay, inspired by the World Climate Research Programme's recent “Model Hierarchies Workshop,” attempts to survey and synthesize some of the current thinking on climate model hierarchies, especially as presented at the workshop. We give a few formal descriptions of the hierarchy and survey the various ways it is used to generate, test, and confirm hypotheses. We also discuss some of the pitfalls of contemporary climate modeling, and how the “elegance” advocated for by Held (2005) has (and has not) been used to address them. We conclude with a survey of current activity in hierarchical modeling, and offer suggestions for its continued fruitful development.
Stochastic analysis of unsaturated steady flows above the water table
Authors: Severino Gerardo , Scarfato Maddalena , Comegna Alessandro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSteady flow takes place into a three‐dimensional partially saturated porous medium where, due to their spatial variability, the saturated conductivity Ks, and the relative conductivity Kr are modeled as random space functions (RSF)s. As a consequence, the flow variables (FVs), i.e., pressure‐head and specific flux, are also RSFs. The focus of the present paper consists into quantifying the uncertainty of the FVs above the water table. The simple expressions (most of which in closed form) of the second‐order moments pertaining to the FVs allow one to follow the transitional behavior from the zone close to the water table (where the FVs are nonstationary), till to their far‐field limit (where the FVs become stationary RSFs). In particular, it is shown how the stationary limits (and the distance from the water table at which stationarity is attained) depend upon the statistical structure of the RSFs Ks, Kr, and the infiltrating rate. The mean pressure head
has been also computed, and it is expressed as
, being ψ a characteristic heterogeneity function which modifies the zero‐order approximation
of the pressure head (valid for a vadose zone of uniform soil properties) to account for the spatial variability of Ks and Kr. Two asymptotic limits, i.e., close (near field) and away (far field) from the water table, are derived into a very general manner, whereas the transitional behavior of ψ between the near/far field can be determined after specifying the shape of the various input soil properties. Besides the theoretical interest, results of the present paper are useful for practical purposes, as well. Indeed, the model is tested against to real data, and in particular it is shown how it is possible for the specific case study to grasp the behavior of the FVs within an environment (i.e., the vadose zone close to the water table) which is generally very difficult to access by direct inspection.
Metal‐Free Nitrile Diboration through Activation by an Electron‐Rich Diborane
Authors: Frick Markus , Kaifer Elisabeth , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDiboration of unsaturated organic compounds is an extremely useful reaction in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we report the first diboration of a nitrile by an electron‐rich diborane, mediated by an electrophilic borane. The reaction is metal‐free, and all of the reagents are readily available.
A Hydroxamic Acid Anchoring Group for Durable Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Incorporating a Cobalt Redox Shuttle
Authors: Higashino Tomohiro , Kurumisawa Yuma , Cai Ning , Fujimori Yamato , Tsuji Yukihiro , Nimura Shimpei , Packwood Daniel M. , Park Jaehong , Imahori Hiroshi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA hydroxamic acid group has been employed for the first time as an anchoring group for cobalt‐based dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The porphyrin dye YD2‐o‐C8HA including a hydroxamic acid anchoring group exhibited a power conversion efficiency (η) of 6.4 %, which is close to that of YD2‐o‐C8, a representative porphyrin dye incorporating a conventional carboxylic acid. More importantly, YD2‐o‐C8HA was found to be superior to YD2‐o‐C8 in terms of both binding ability to TiO2 and durability of cobalt‐based DSSCs. Notably, YD2‐o‐C8HA photocells revealed a higher η‐value (4.1 %) than YD2‐o‐C8 (2.8 %) after 500 h illumination. These results suggest that the hydroxamic acid can be used for DSSCs with other transition‐metal‐based redox shuttle to ensure high cell durability as well as excellent photovoltaic performance.
Riparian and geomorphic controls on thermal habitat dynamics of pools in a temperate headwater stream
Authors: Ouellet Valerie , Gibson Emma E. , Daniels Melinda D. , Watson Nathan A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractStream pools serve as habitat for diverse communities composed of microbes, macroinvertebrates, and fish. Every pool presents a combination of geomorphological features, and each pool habitat hosts a unique community. These communities are tied to the physical characteristics of their habitat, especially water temperature. The effects of geomorphology and hydraulic variables on thermal habitat dynamics in pools are not well understood. In this study, the thermal regime in important stream pool habitats was investigated in relation to their riparian and geomorphological features. Our results indicate that instream wood, groundwater resurgence, and depth can locally modify the pool thermal habitat and increase thermal buffering capacity during heat‐stress events. Our findings highlight the importance of riparian vegetation and in‐channel hydrogeomorphic features in controlling pool thermal habitats.
Effect of soil properties and hydrologic characteristics on plants in a restored calcareous quarry under a transitional arid to semiarid climate
Authors: Luna L. , Miralles I. , Lázaro R. , Contreras S. , Solé‐Benet A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe addition of organic amendments and mulches to degraded soils is a common soil restoration strategy in calcareous quarries that has generated proven benefits in subhumid and semiarid environments. We evaluated their effects in a quarry located in SE Spain in an area of transition from arid to semiarid climate. Amendments consisted of sewage sludges from an urban water treatment plant and compost from urban organic wastes. Mulches consisted of siliceous fine gravels and woodchips. Effects on 3 native species (Macrochloa tenacissima, Anthyllis terniflora, and Anthyllis cytisoides) planted in 9 experimental plots (75 m2) were tested in a two‐way crossed design. Plant monitoring consisted of survival and growth assessment at months 6, 24, 36, and 48, and these results were related to the main soil properties and the hydrological behaviour by means of principal component analysis. The response to soil treatments of each plant species was different due to its own physiology: M. tenacissima had the highest average survival rate, 92%, although both Anthyllis species presented the lowest rates, that is, 15% and 36%, in A. terniflora and A. cytisoides, respectively. Plant growth was favoured by both organic amendments and especially by compost, which improved the hydrological soil behaviour. Conversely, mulches did not show effective results. Run‐off and soil loss were associated with treatments without amendment and without mulch or treatments with gravel mulch. Our results suggest that organic amendments, especially by improving the hydrological response, can create favourable conditions for revegetating with native species in restored mine soils.
Novel Enzymatic Rhodium Modified Poly(styrene‐g‐oleic amide) Film Electrode for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection
Authors: Samet Kilic Muhammet , Korkut Seyda , Hazer Baki 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNewly synthesized poly(styrene‐g‐oleic amide) was coated onto a rhodium nanoparticle modified glassy carbon (GC) surface for the fabrication of horseradish peroxidase based biosensor used for hydrogen peroxide detection. The rhodium modifed electrode presented ten times higher signal than unmodified electrode even at low elecrtroactive enzyme quantity by enhancing the electron transfer rate at the applied potential of −0.65 V. The biosensor designed by under the optimized rhodium electrodeposition time exhibited a fast response less than 5 s, an excellent operational stability with a relative standard deviation of 0.6 % (n=6), an accuracy of 96 % and a large linear range between 50 μM and 120 mM for hydrogen peroxide. Detection limit and the sensitivity parameters were calculated to be 44 μM and 57 μA mM−1 cm−2, respectively by preserving its entire initial response up to the 15 days, while only 20 % of its initial response was lost at the end of one month.