bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymptomatic pediatric presentation of S‐adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency
Authors: Lipari Pinto Patrícia , Dixon Marjorie , Sudhakar Sniya , Baric Ivo , Baruteau Julien 
Published: September 2024

AbstractS‐adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism affecting methylation by disrupting the methionine cycle. Its clinical spectrum spans from severe perinatal encephalomyopathy and liver failure to asymptomatic course in patients with isolated hypermethioninemia. We present two new cases of S‐adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency from Pakistani origin clinically asymptomatic at presentation. Both siblings showed mild chronic liver failure and elevation of creatine kinase. The older patient presented at 6 years of age with isolated verbal processing difficulty and mild diffuse leukodystrophy, reversible 12 months after introduction of methionine dietary restriction. The patient showed subtle atrophy in the muscle MRI at the age of 7 years. S‐adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency was confirmed with homozygous missense variant c.146G>A (p.Arg49His) in the AHCY gene, a genotype previously reported in Pakistani patients with mild presentation. Dietary methionine restriction decreased plasma methionine but not plasma S‐adenosylhomocysteine and S‐adenosylmethionine. This work expands the mild spectrum of S‐adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency with no noticeable clinical symptoms in children, highlighting a specific hotspot variant from South Asia. This mild form of the disease is likely underdiagnosed and raises the question of therapeutic management to prevent long‐term complications documented in the literature, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and myopathy in early adulthood.
A Tale of Many Marine Stations: 150 Years of Marine Ecology in the Eastern English Channel
Authors: Seuront Laurent 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLong before marine laboratories were commonplace, a few visionary scientists created the first of a growing number of biological field stations in the second half of the 19th century. This article tells the 150‐year tale of the rise and fall of six marine stations that belonged to three different universities and were sometimes operated simultaneously along a stretch of merely ten kilometers of the French coastline of the eastern English Channel. Specifically, I focus on the intellectual lineages, sense of brotherhood, rivalries, and even the indifference between individuals and institutions that shaped the local scientific landscape and paved the way for what became modern marine biology and ecology, and oceanography.
Viral Vector Eluting Lenses for Single‐Step Targeted Expression of Genetically‐Encoded Activity Sensors for in Vivo Microendoscopic Calcium Imaging
Authors: Jons Carolyn K. , Cheng David , Dong Changxin , Meany Emily L. , Nassi Jonathan J. , Appel Eric A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOptical methods for studying the brain offer powerful approaches for understanding how neural activity underlies complex behavior. These methods typically rely on genetically encoded sensors and actuators to monitor and control neural activity. For microendoscopic calcium imaging, injection of a virus followed by implantation of a lens probe is required to express a calcium sensor and enable optical access to the target brain region. This two‐step process poses several challenges, chief among them being the risks associated with mistargeting and/or misalignment between virus expression zone, lens probe and target brain region. Here, an adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐eluting polymer coating is engineered for gradient refractive index (GRIN) lenses enabling the expression of a genetically encoded calcium indicator (GCaMP) directly within the brain region of interest upon implantation of the lens. This approach requires only one surgical step and guarantees alignment between GCaMP expression and lens in the brain. Additionally, the slow virus release from these coatings increases the working time for surgical implantation, expanding the brain regions and species amenable to this approach. These enhanced capabilities should accelerate neuroscience research utilizing optical methods and advance the understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms underlying brain function and behavior in health and disease.
Biradical Initiation in Photoinitiated Copolymerization of Styrene and Maleic Anhydride
Authors: Smith Michael‐Phillip , Calitz Chané , Muza Upenyu L. , Lederer Albena , Esterhuysen Catharine , Klumperman Bert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPoly(styrene‐co‐maleic anhydride) (SMAnh) is a copolymer system that is well known for its alternating tendency, which has been thoroughly investigated by many research groups over the decades and is widely used in industry. Investigations have focused almost entirely on thermally initiated systems. However, very few investigations have been conducted on light‐initiated radical copolymerization. In this study, the photoinitiated copolymerization of styrene and maleic anhydride is investigated without the use of an external radical source, such as the classical 2,2‐azobis(2‐methylpropionitrile) (AIBN), benzoyl peroxide (BPO), or any photoinitiators. The initiation of the polymerization is instead found to take place through an excited state biradical generated in situ from a photoexcited charge‐transfer complex (CTC) comprising the donor (styrene) and acceptor (maleic anhydride) monomers. The formation of the complex is found to be solvent dependent. Excitation of the complex results in copolymerization of monomers to afford high‐molecular‐weight (>105 g·mol−1) alternating copolymers.
ICAT‐Mediated Crosstalk Between Cervical Cancer Cells and Macrophages Promotes M2‐Like Macrophage Polarization to Reinforce Tumor Malignant Behaviors
Authors: Liao Deyu , Yang Shiyu , Zhao Ling , Ren Wei , Liu Shiyan , Yu Huomei , Chen Yuanxiang , Yu Tao , Zeng Tao , Zhou Lan , Zhang Yan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTInhibitor of β‐catenin and T‐cell factor (ICAT) is a classical inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway. Nonetheless, our previous work found that ICAT is overexpressed in cervical cancer (CC), resulting in the augmentation of migration and invasion capabilities of CC cells. It remains unclear what molecular mechanism underlies this phenomenon. The interaction between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes the outgrowth and metastasis of tumors. Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are a major constituent of the TME and have a significant impact on the advancement of CC. Consequently, our inquiry pertains to the potential of ICAT to facilitate tumor development through its modulation of the cervical TME. In this study, we first verified that ICAT regulated the secretion of cytokines interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) in CC cells, leading to M2‐like macrophage polarization and enhancement of the migration and invasion of CC cells. Furthermore, the system of co‐culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with macrophages revealed that depending on the CC cells' overexpression or inhibition of ICAT, the vascular tube formation by HUVECs can be either increased or decreased. Overall, our study indicates that ICAT stimulates M2‐like polarization of TAMs via upregulating IL‐10 and TGF‐β, which results in increased neovascularization, tumor metastasis, and immunosuppression in CC. In upcoming times, inhibiting crosstalk between CC cells and TAMs may be a possible strategy for CC therapy.
AIM/NBO Analysis of the Geminal Coupling Constants in the Stabilization of A‐Type Dimeric Proanthocyanidin: Angular Dependence
Authors: Lobayan Rosana M. , Provasi Patricio F. , Pomilio Alicia B. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe angular dependence of the indirect short‐range spin‐spin coupling constants (SSCC), the geminal
,
, and
in A‐type dimeric proanthocyanidin, was investigated using density functional theory. We studied the rotation of ring B around the
bond. Therefore, we calculated hyperconjugative charge transfers and bond polarizations within the natural bond orbital (NBO) approach, performing a topological study based on Bader's theory, AIM (atoms in molecules), and analyzing the angular dependence of AIM/NBO parameters. The results describe a relationship between the geminal coupling that changes with angular variation and NBO charge transfers to the bonds involved in the coupling pathways that can explain the behavior of the former property. Based on AIM/NBO data, inductive and mesomeric effects were described and quantified, showing a clear correlation with the stabilization of the structure, demonstrating a resonance‐assisted inductive effect. We also set out strong hyperconjugative interactions (anomeric effect) involving nonbonding electron pairs of oxygen atoms. This analysis of coupling constants supports previous models by other authors and shows the application in this particular case. Moreover, the SSCCs studied herein are used for identifying stable structures and conformational search analysis of flavonoids. Finally, our results show the relationship between SSCCs and the structure stabilization and charge delocalization effects.
Assessing factors related to Walleye stocking success in the Midwestern United States
Authors: Davis Robert P. , Isermann Daniel A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate stocking success of Walleye Sander vitreus in lakes and reservoirs across the Midwestern United States to inform stocking practices for state agencies. Demand for Walleye stocking may increase if climate change limits the potential for natural recruitment in lakes. Consequently, the strategic distribution of Walleye stocking may maximize fishing opportunities.

Methods
We synthesized data from 2226 Walleye fry and fingerling stocking events on 653 lakes in the Midwestern United States and used random forest algorithms and mixed-effects linear models to identify abiotic and biotic factors related to Walleye stocking success.

Result
Latitude and year explained relatively little variation in stocking success compared to within-lake variation. Relative abundance of Largemouth Bass Micropterus nigricans was an important indicator of Walleye stocking success for fry and fingerlings, with stocking success generally decreasing with increased bass abundance. There was an interaction between lake surface area and growing degree-days, as large lakes (&gt;2500 ha) seemed to be more conducive to Walleye stocking success regardless of growing degree-days. The models that we developed did not accurately predict exact levels of Walleye stocking success but were 92–94% accurate in predicting whether the stocking success of both fry and fingerlings would be at or above the 50th percentile.

Conclusion
These findings may help to inform the management and stocking allocation of Walleye and suggest that future increases in Largemouth Bass abundance and growing degree-days could limit the effectiveness of stocking in some lakes.
An Analytical Insight Into Stability Analysis of Unsaturated Multi‐Layered Slopes Subjected to Rainfall Infiltration
Authors: Yuan Cheng , Qin Changbing , Yang Yueling , Sun Zhibin , Li Liang , Lei Xiaoqin , Chen Chian Siau 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTSlopes in nature usually present layered characteristics, and its stability is susceptible to rainfall events. Considering that current analytical solutions are only suited to simulate the rainfall infiltration of double‐layered infinite unsaturated slopes, an analytical procedure is hence proposed in this study to tackle the consideration of multiple layers. The variable separation method and transfer matrix method are combined to derive the analytical solution of pore water pressure (PWP) for simulating rainfall infiltration in layered infinite unsaturated slopes. After having validated the proposed model and analytical solutions by comparing with existing literature and numerical simulation, the closed‐form solution of PWP is incorporated into the limit equilibrium for assessing slope stability. A three‐layer slope is selected as an example for further discussion. PWP distribution and factor of safety are calculated, considering the effects of saturated hydraulic conductivity and thickness of the upper layer, intensity of antecedent and subsequent rainfall, and varied soil unit weight along the depth. The slope stability subjected to rainfall effects is consistent with the variation of PWP. The proposed analytical solutions provide a simple and practical avenue for computing PWP distribution and evaluating the stability of multi‐layered slopes under rainfall conditions, which can also serve as a benchmark for numerical solutions.
Coping With Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome
Authors: Sutherland Susanna , Grace Kelly A. , McKernan Lindsey C. , Dmochowski Roger R. , Reynolds William Stuart , Sebesta Elisabeth M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimsCompensatory coping, or maladaptive alterations in behavior with the intention of preventing or managing symptoms, is increasingly being explored as a key factor in how people respond to bladder conditions. Preliminary investigations have identified relations between coping behaviors and psychological distress in urologic conditions, including interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). However, previous explorations of coping have not accounted for heterogeneity in coping behaviors or addressed the likelihood that some coping behaviors may be more adaptive than others. This study sought to examine how two specific types of coping behaviors, primary control coping and disengaged coping, are related to distress and symptoms in IC/BPS, and to explore the potential role of pain phenotype in this relationship.Materials and MethodsA secondary data analysis was conducted with a large community data set (N = 677 women with IC/BPS) and employed descriptive and inferential statistics to characterize coping patterns and explore novel predictors of distress.ResultsResults indicated that almost all participants engaged in at least one compensatory coping behavior within the last week. Both types of coping behaviors correlated with psychological symptoms, and when controlling for relevant clinical variables (i.e., age and severity of urinary symptoms), disengaged coping behaviors were significantly associated with psychological distress. Further, the addition of pain phenotype to multiple regression models resulted in a more effective predictive model when considering the relation between coping behaviors and depression.ConclusionsBy investigating more deeply the relationship between coping and distress, understanding of potential risk factors and mechanisms is increased, offering valuable insights for intervention strategies for IC/BPS patients.
Multiphysics modeling and simulation of monolayer flow and die swelling in industrial tube extrusion process
Authors: Rabhi Faleh , Barriere Thierry , Sahli Mohamed , Ramel David , de Larochelambert Thierry , Cousin Thibault 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn a regular extrusion process for thermoplastic specimen, the material behavior in dies and its rheological properties have a major influence on the mechanical properties and the quality of the extruded product. This study outlines the multiphysical model, which has been adapted to address the specific issues associated with polyamide 12 polymer extrusion. A series of numerical simulations, based on the modeling of material behavior, have been conducted using the computational code Comsol Multiphysics®. These simulations have been applied to the study of polymer melt flows through an industrial extrusion die. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of the imposed extrusion parameters on the physical field distribution and the material displacement within the die. The die swell at the exit of the extrusion die has been investigated as a function of the imposed pressure. The progression of the polymer flow front inside the extrusion tool and the swelling rates have been analyzed. In particular, the phenomenon of delayed swelling at high pressure has been highlighted at high pressure.Highlights
Polymer swelling at industrial extrusion die exit is investigated.
Polymer melt extrusion within industrial extrusion tool is numerically simulated.
Flow front progression and extrudate swell are analyzed.
Effect of extrusion pressure on instabilities and die swell is highlighted.
Characterization of Exosomes Released from Mycobacterium abscessus‐Infected Macrophages
Authors: Vermeire Charlie A. , Tan Xuejuan , Ramos‐Leyva Aidaly , Wood Ava , Kotey Stephen K. , Hartson Steven D. , Liang Yurong , Liu Lin , Cheng Yong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTExtracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, play a critical role in cell‐to‐cell communication and regulating cellular processes in recipient cells. Non‐tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), such as Mycobacterium abscessus, are a group of environmental bacteria that can cause severe lung infections in populations with pre‐existing lung conditions, such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is limited knowledge of the engagement of EVs in the host–pathogen interactions in the context of NTM infections. In this study, we found that M. abscessus infection increased the release of a subpopulation of exosomes (CD9, CD63, and/or CD81 positive) by mouse macrophages in cell culture. Proteomic analysis of these vesicles demonstrated that M. abscessus infection affects the enrichment of host proteins in exosomes released by macrophages. When compared to exosomes from uninfected macrophages, exosomes released by M. abscessus‐infected macrophages significantly improved M. abscessus growth and downregulated the intracellular level of glutamine in recipient macrophages in cell culture. Increasing glutamine concentration in the medium rescued intracellular glutamine levels and M. abscessus killing in recipient macrophages that were treated with exosomes from M. abscessus‐infected macrophages. Taken together, our results indicate that exosomes may serve as extracellular glutamine eliminators that interfere with glutamine‐dependent M. abscessus killing in recipient macrophages.
Mechanistic pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modeling and simulations of naloxone auto‐injector 10 mg reversal of opioid‐induced respiratory depression
Authors: Yang Tae Eun , Del Bene Francesca , Lavezzi Silvia Maria , Iavarone Laura , Zhang Jianping , Kim Joseph , Gjurich Breanne , Kessler Catherine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe purpose of the analysis was to evaluate if 10 mg naloxone, administered intramuscularly, could reverse or prevent opioid‐induced respiratory depression (OIRD), including OIRD associated with the administration of lethal doses of high‐potency opioids. A naloxone population pharmacokinetic (PK) model was generated using data from two naloxone auto‐injector (NAI) clinical PK studies. Mechanistic OIRD PK‐pharmacodynamic (PD) models were constructed using published data for buprenorphine, morphine, and fentanyl. Due to the lack of published carfentanil data in humans, interspecies allometric scaling methods were used to predict carfentanil PK parameters in humans. A PD model of a combined effect‐compartment and receptor kinetics model with a linear relationship between ventilation and carbon dioxide was used to predict the respiratory depression induced by carfentanil. Model‐based simulations were performed using the naloxone population PK model and the constructed mechanistic OIRD PK–PD models. Changes in ventilation were assessed after opioid exposure and treatment with 2 mg naloxone or one or two doses of 10 mg naloxone. A higher percentage of subjects recovered back to the rescue ventilation thresholds and/or had a faster recovery to 40% or 70% of baseline ventilation with 10 mg compared with 2 mg naloxone. A second dose of 10 mg naloxone, administered 60 min post‐opioid exposure, expedited recovery to 85% of baseline ventilation and delayed time to renarcotization compared with a single dose. In addition, when 10 mg naloxone was administered at 5, 15, 30, or 60 min before fentanyl or carfentanil exposure, rapid and profound OIRD was prevented.
Applications of Ion Exchange in Environmental Remediation: Removal of Heavy Metals From Wastewater
Authors: Reda Hamed Mohamed Ahmed , Abdallah Marwa Abdelfattah 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe concern over heavy metal contamination and its impact on human health and the environment has led to a growing interest in cost‐effective and sustainable remediation technologies. Ion exchange is recognized as an efficient method for removing heavy metal ions from wastewater. This study focused on the removal of heavy metal ions (Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) from aqueous solutions using the extended batch equilibrium technique. Experimental trials were conducted using Purolite C100, a strong acid ion‐exchange resin, to assess the influence of various treatment parameters such as pH, contact time, sorbent dosages, and initial heavy metal concentrations on the removal efficiency. The results indicated that significant treatment equilibrium could be achieved within 1 h. Notably, pH levels between 5 and 6 had a significant impact on heavy metal removal, with adsorption capacities of 71, 67, 66, and 62 mg/g for Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb, respectively. Furthermore, the equilibrium data obtained from the batch experiments were well fitted with Langmuir, Freundlich, and pseudo‐first‐order kinetic models. Statistical analysis revealed a strong correlation with the Langmuir isotherm model, highlighting its superiority over the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo‐first‐order kinetic models.
Trivariate Joint Modeling for Family Data with Longitudinal Counts, Recurrent Events and a Terminal Event with Application to Lynch Syndrome
Authors: Lu Jingwei , Yi Grace Y. , Rustand Denis , Parfrey Patrick , Briollais Laurent , Choi Yun‐hee 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTTrivariate joint modeling for longitudinal count data, recurrent events, and a terminal event for family data has increased interest in medical studies. For example, families with Lynch syndrome (LS) are at high risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), where the number of polyps and the frequency of colonoscopy screening visits are highly associated with the risk of CRC among individuals and families. To assess how screening visits influence polyp detection, which in turn influences time to CRC, we propose a clustered trivariate joint model. The proposed model facilitates longitudinal count data that are zero‐inflated and over‐dispersed and invokes individual‐specific and family‐specific random effects to account for dependence among individuals and families. We formulate our proposed model as a latent Gaussian model to use the Bayesian estimation approach with the integrated nested Laplace approximation algorithm and evaluate its performance using simulation studies. Our trivariate joint model is applied to a series of 18 families from Newfoundland, with the occurrence of CRC taken as the terminal event, the colonoscopy screening visits as recurrent events, and the number of polyps detected at each visit as zero‐inflated count data with overdispersion. We showed that our trivariate model fits better than alternative bivariate models and that the cluster effects should not be ignored when analyzing family data. Finally, the proposed model enables us to quantify heterogeneity across families and individuals in polyp detection and CRC risk, thus helping to identify individuals and families who would benefit from more intensive screening visits.