bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Animation και Κινέζικη γλώσσα. Ένας ψυχαγωγικός τρόπος μάθησης των κινεζικών
Authors: Τριβέλλα Λαμπρινή Γεώργιος 
Published: January 2018

Στην σύγχρονη εποχή των εικόνων και της πολιτισμικής και οικονομικής κρίσης, παρατηρείται μία γενικότερη τάση ενδιαφέροντος των κινέζικων επιχειρήσεων και εμπόρων να εισχωρήσουν στην αγορά της Δύσης και ιδίως στην ελληνική αγορά. Αυτή η κατάσταση ωθεί τους Έλληνες να μάθουν την κινέζικη γλώσσα ως πρόσθετο ανταγωνιστικό και συγκριτικό πλεονέκτημα στην αγορά εργασίας. Για αυτό το λόγο ορισμένοι γονείς παροτρύνουν τα παιδιά τους να μάθουν τη κινεζική γλώσσα. Όμως, η μάθηση της κινέζικης γλώσσας, αποτελεί πρόκληση και ενέχει δυσκολίες απομνημόνευσης, καθώς δεν έχει ρίζες στην Λατινική αλφαβήτα και είναι δύσκολη η απομνημόνευση. Επίσης, η περιορισμένη βιβλιογραφία για τη μάθηση της κινεζικής σε σχέση με τη βιβλιογραφία για τη μάθηση των άλλων λατινογενών ξένων γλωσσών είναι ένα επιπρόσθετο εμπόδιο για την αποθάρρυνση των ατόμων που θέλουν να μάθουν τα κινεζικά και ιδίως των παιδιών.Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, η συγκεκριμένη εργασία παρουσιάζει τη δημιουργία συμπληρωματικού εκπαιδευτικού υλικού με τη μέθοδο animation, η οποία διευκολύνει τη μάθηση των κινεζικών με πιο διασκεδαστικό τρόπο.Πρωτίστως, μελετάται η κινεζική γλώσσα, με τις ιδιαιτερότητές της, δευτερευόντως, εξετάζεται η μέθοδος animation ως εργαλείο διευκόλυνσης της μάθησης των κινεζικών και αναφέρεται η σχέση της με τις θεωρίες μάθησης και τα μοντέλα επικοινωνίας και στο τέλος αναλύεται η διαδικασία δημιουργίας συμπληρωματικού υλικού για αυτό το σκοπό με βάση τις παραπάνω θεωρίες και μοντέλα για τη μάθηση των 10 πρώτων αριθμών σε κινεζικούς χαρακτήρες και πινγιν (ανάγνωση και προφορά).
Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-negative persons with partners living with HIV: uptake, use, and effectiveness in an open-label demonstration project in East Africa
Authors: Heffron Renee , Ngure Kenneth , Odoyo Josephine , Bulya Nulu , Tindimwebwa Edna , Hong Ting , Kidoguchi Lara , Donnell Deborah , Mugo Nelly R. , Bukusi Elizabeth A. , Katabira Elly , Asiimwe Stephen , Morton Jennifer , Morrison Susan , Haugen Harald , Mujugira Andrew , Haberer Jessica E. , Ware Norma C. , Wyatt Monique A. , Marzinke Mark A. , Frenkel Lisa M. , Celum Connie , Baeten Jared M. ,   The Partners Demonstration Project Team
Published: January 2018

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can provide high protection against HIV infection and is a recommended intervention for HIV-negative persons with substantial HIV risk. Demonstration projects conducted in diverse settings worldwide illustrate practical examples of how PrEP can be delivered. This manuscript presents estimates of effectiveness and patterns of PrEP use within a two-year demonstration project of PrEP for HIV-negative members of heterosexual HIV serodiscordant couples in East Africa. Methods: The PrEP delivery model integrated PrEP into HIV treatment services, prioritizing PrEP use for HIV-negative partners within serodiscordant couples before and during the first 6 months after the partner living with HIV initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART). We measured PrEP uptake through pharmacy records and adherence to PrEP through medication event monitoring system (MEMS) bottle caps and quantification of tenofovir in plasma among a random sample of participants. We estimated HIV infections prevented using a counterfactual cohort simulated from the placebo arm of a previous PrEP clinical trial. Results: We enrolled 1,010 HIV serodiscordant couples that were naïve to ART and PrEP. Ninety-seven percent of HIV-negative partners initiated PrEP. Objective measures suggest high adherence: 71% of HIV-negative participants took ≥80% of expected doses, as recorded via MEMS, and 81% of plasma samples had tenofovir detected. Four incident HIV infections were observed (incidence rate=0.24 per 100 person-years), a 95% reduction (95% CI 86-98%, p<0.0001) in HIV incidence, relative to estimated HIV incidence for the population in the absence of PrEP integrated into HIV treatment services. Conclusions: PrEP uptake and adherence were high and incident HIV was rare in this PrEP demonstration project for African HIV-negative individuals whose partners were known to be living with HIV. Delivery of PrEP to HIV-negative partners within HIV serodiscordant couples was feasible and should be prioritized for wide-scale implementation.
Possibilities of Using "Sodium Fluoride, 18F" for Diagnostics of Bone Tumors by Positron Emission Tomography (Experimental Study)
Authors: Станжевский А. , Stanzhevskiy A. , Костеников Н. , Kostenikov N. , Клементьева О. , Klement'eva O. , Миролюбова О. , Mirolyubova O. , Кованько Е. , Kovan'ko E. , Дубровская В. , Dubrovskaya V. , Илющенко Е. , Ilyuschenko E. , Клестова О. , Klestova O. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose: To study the potential of using radiopharmaceutical “Sodium Fluoride 18F” in order to reveal foci of malignant tumors in animals’ bones by positron emission tomography (PET).
Material and methods: Two experimental models (human prostate adenocarcinoma PC 3 and Pliss lymphosarcoma) were used. Tumor cell PC 3 suspensions were injected under a hip periosteum of the BALB/c nude line mice or outbred rats (Pliss lymphosarcoma). Radiopharmaceutical was injected into a tail vein of animals with developed tumors. Then PET scanning was performed for these animals.
Results: Effective half-life of radiopharmaceutical from blood was 9.45 min, from skeleton bones - 77.5 min and tumors – 99 min. The hyperfixation level of radiopharmaceutical in the tumor was sufficient to image tumors by PET. In areas of the tumor from cells of prostate adenocarcinoma PC 3 and Pliss lymphosarcoma the uptake rate of radiopharmaceutical was quite high during an hour that resulted in a high contrast image of tumors in animals’ bones. T/NT ratio tumor/bone in rats with Pliss lymphosarcoma was increased in the first 20 min after administration of the radiopharmaceutical, and then slowly decreased. Nevertheless, in 40 minutes after injection of the radiopharmaceutical T/NT ratio tumor/bone remained quite high – more then 1.7, and T/NT ratio tumor/muscle exceeded to 9.0.
Conclusion: The uptake level and fixation time of the radiopharmaceutical in tumor foci, as well as low activity value and its rapid excretion from intact tissues show the expediency of the use of “Sodium Fluoride 18F” to diagnose intraosseous foci of malignant diseases.
Recommendations on the Use of Ultrasound Guidance for Adult Thoracentesis: A Position Statement of the Society of Hospital Medicine
Authors: Dancel Ria , Schnobrich Daniel , Puri Nitin , Franco‐Sadud Ricardo , Cho Joel , Grikis Loretta , Lucas Brian P. , El‐Barbary Mahmoud ,   Society of Hospital Medicine Point of Care Ultrasound Task Force, Soni Nilam J. 
Published: January 2018

Executive Summary1) We recommend that ultrasound should be used to guide thoracentesis to reduce the risk of complications, the most common being pneumothorax. 2) We recommend that ultrasound guidance should be used to increase the success rate of thoracentesis. 3) We recommend that ultrasound‐guided thoracentesis should be performed or closely supervised by experienced operators. 4) We suggest that ultrasound guidance be used to reduce the risk of complications from thoracentesis in mechanically ventilated patients. 5) We recommend that ultrasound should be used to identify the chest wall, pleura, diaphragm, lung, and subdiaphragmatic organs throughout the respiratory cycle before selecting a needle insertion site. 6) We recommend that ultrasound should be used to detect the presence or absence of an effusion and approximate the volume of pleural fluid to guide clinical decision‐making. 7) We recommend that ultrasound should be used to detect complex sonographic features, such as septations, to guide clinical decision‐making regarding the timing and method of pleural drainage. 8) We suggest that ultrasound be used to measure the depth from the skin surface to the parietal pleura to help select an appropriate length needle and determine the maximum needle insertion depth. 9) We suggest that ultrasound be used to evaluate normal lung sliding pre‐ and postprocedure to rule out pneumothorax. 10) We suggest avoiding delay or interval change in patient position from the time of marking the needle insertion site to performing the thoracentesis. 11) We recommend against performing routine postprocedure chest radiographs in patients who have undergone thoracentesis successfully with ultrasound guidance and are asymptomatic with normal lung sliding postprocedure. 12) We recommend that novices who use ultrasound guidance for thoracentesis should receive focused training in lung and pleural ultrasonography and hands‐on practice in procedural technique. 13) We suggest that novices undergo simulation‐based training prior to performing ultrasound‐guided thoracentesis on patients. 14) Learning curves for novices to become competent in lung ultrasound and ultrasound‐guided thoracentesis are not completely understood, and we recommend that training should be tailored to the skill acquisition of the learner and the resources of the institution.
Por um novo modelo de saúde no Brasil
Authors: Melo Manuela Sobral Bentes de 
Published: January 2018

Resumo: A saúde pública no Brasil tem passado por diversas mudanças ao longo dos anos, mas que não foram efetivas em sanar questões importantes sobre uma gestão deficiente. É de grande importância que os gestores indicados para tais funções, estejam qualificados para o enfrentamento dos graves problemas que assolam o sistema atualmente. O objetivo do editorial é discutir e comentar uma visão realista desta problemática, de forma a tentar alertar a comunidade científica sobre tais desafios. Diante disso, é urgente que os gestores públicos se apropriem da realidade e que sejam mais ágeis em implementar ações, que sejam capazes de mudar o atual estado da saúde da população.
Espiritualidade Enquanto Estratégia Subjetiva em Busca de Sentido para a Vida
Authors: Souza João Paulo Bezerra de , Maranhão Thércia Lucena Grangeiro , Carvalho Maria das Graças De , Rodrigues Katissa Galgânia Feitosa Coutinho 
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo tem como pergunta norteadora: como a espiritualidade ampara o sofrimento do sujeito, dando sentido a sua vida? Teve-se como objetivo geral analisar como a espiritualidade favorece a ressignificação do eu dando amparo e sentido a sua vida. Pretende-se também identificar se a religiosidade/espiritualidade, podem contribuir a qualidade de vida em termos gerais do sujeito. Deve-se ainda, estudar a associação entre a espiritualidade enquanto atividade complementar na promoção da saúde das pessoas. Considera-se necessário, analisar se a espiritualidade com o intuito de promover a redução do sofrimento diante o desamparo fundamental do homem. A escolha do tema ocorreu a partir do interesse pessoal em conhecer e compreender como a espiritualidade ampara o sujeito em sua busca pelo sentido da vida. Ao final do trabalho percebeu-se a relevância do tema e a existência de poucos trabalhos com esta relação validados pela psicologia, como sendo um assunto que deve ser mais discutido. Palavras chaves: Psicologia; Religiosidade; Espiritualidade.
Psicologia e Arquitetura: Como a Einfühlung e a Gestalt atuam nos ambientes
Authors: Dallastra Maurício , Ogura Caroline , Gazzoni Bruna , Brescovit Luiz Eduardo , Costa Bruna Lopes 
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo expor a importância do conhecimento sobre como as formas e a disposição dos elementos que estão ao redor podem interferir no cotidiano e na maneira como os indivíduos percebem o ambiente. Para tanto adotou-se as teorias de einfühlung e os princípios da Gestalt. O artigo foi elaborado tendo como metodologia pesquisa em referências bibliográficas e estudos relacionados tanto à arquitetura quando à psicologia e a relação intrínseca entre ambas. Diante do interesse dos autores, houve o aprofundamento em leituras para que as informações pudessem levantar questões pertinentes quanto à relação da arquitetura no cotidiano das pessoas e como a psicologia se faz presente em ambientes projetados. Como resultado, concluiu-se que as formas e os elementos arquitetônicos são instrumentos capazes de promover sensações e emoções, mesmo que de forma subconsciente, afirmando, desta forma, a intrínseca relação entre o ramo da arquitetura com a psicologia. Palavras-chave: Psicologia ambiental. Einfühlung. Gestalt.
A Didática da Leitura nas primeiras séries do Ensino Fundamental I: Uma Reflexão Pedagógica
Authors: Matos Maria das Dores De , Rodrigues Penha Sebastião Da Silva 
Published: January 2018

Sabe-se que muitas vezes o processo de leitura apresenta-se de forma fragmentada e descontextualizada da realidade social, sendo encarada, muitas vezes, como algo meramente artificial. Devido a isso, os professores encontram dificuldades em alcançar bons resultados nos seus trabalhos. Partindo então do pressuposto, o estímulo à leitura tem sido objeto de preocupação no âmbito escolar, pois na atualidade o maior desafio do professor é fazer com que a criança ou jovem realmente queira aprender. È inegável que o ato de ler é fundamental na formação do aluno e que considerável parcela ou toda a responsabilidade no desenvolvimento das habilidades de leitura recai sobre a escola. Nesse sentido, considera-se a leitura como algo essencial a qualquer ser humano, ainda mais percebendo sua importância no contexto atual, visto que, é através da mesma que tomamos conhecimentos dos nossos direitos e deveres enquanto cidadãos, para a existência e a possibilidade de uma vida humana participativa, na qual os indivíduos sejam capazes de expressar seus diversos pontos de vista, sua liberdade de usufruir de valores e bens de um determinado contexto partilhando deveres e poderes que pressupõe a existência de uma vida melhor em sociedade. É importante que se destaque a importância da interpretação de textos como agentes de transformação de jovens leitores e até mesmo da própria sociedade. Ler e compreender são uma forma de satisfazer muitas necessidades, ampliando e enriquecendo experiências através da riqueza de vocabulários da mudança de pontos de vista e da aquisição de novos valores. Este artigo objetiva investigar na literatura as práticas da leitura como fator social e transformador.
Summary of Eighth Meeting on Hot Subdwarfs and Related Objects
Authors: Lynas-Gray Anthony Eugene 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Subjects discussed during the Eighth Meeting on Hot Subdwarfs and Related Objects are summarised. In particular, a succinct presentation is given of challenges to stellar evolution arising from recent observations. Mention is also made of topics not covered in the meeting such as the need for small revisions to stellar envelope opacities currently in use. I conclude with a brief discussion of current developments which will influence future hot subdwarf research and necessary initiatives that need to be taken.
Amine-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: A New Nanoantibiotic for Bone Infection Treatment
Authors: Pedraza Daniel , Díez Jaime , Isabel-Izquierdo-Barba  , Colilla Montserrat , Vallet-Regí María 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This manuscript reports an effective new alternative for the management of bone infection by the development of an antibiotic nanocarrier able to penetrate bacterial biofilm, thus enhancing antimicrobial effectiveness. This nanosystem, also denoted as “nanoantibiotic”, consists in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) loaded with an antimicrobial agent (levofloxacin, LEVO) and externally functionalized with N-(2-aminoethyl)-3- aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (DAMO) as targeting agent. This amine functionalization provides MSNs of positive charges, which improves the affinity towards the negatively charged bacteria wall and biofilm. Physical and chemical properties of the nanoantibiotic were studied using different characterization techniques, including Xray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption porosimetry, elemental chemical analysis, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta (ζ)-potential and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). “In vial” LEVO release profiles and the in vitro antimicrobial effectiveness of the different released doses were investigated. The efficacy of the nanoantibiotic against a S. aureus biofilm was also determined, showing the practically total destruction of the biofilm due to the high penetration ability of the developed nanosystem. These findings open up promising expectations in the field of bone infection treatment.
Revealing pathway cross-talk related to diabetes mellitus by Monte Carlo Cross-Validation analysis
Authors: Cai Han-Qing , Lv Shi-Hong , Shi Chun-Jing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo explore potential functional biomarkers in diabetes mellitus (DM) by utilizing gene pathway cross-talk.MethodsFirstly, potential disrupted pathways that were enriched by differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on biological pathways downloaded from the Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) database. In addition, we quantified the pathway crosstalk for each pair of pathways based on Discriminating Score (DS). Random forest (RF) classification was then employed to find the top 10 pairs of pathways with a high area under the curve (AUC) value between DM samples versus normal samples based on 10-fold cross-validation. Finally, a Monte Carlo Cross-Validation was applied to demonstrate the identified pairs of pathways by a mutual information analysis.ResultsA total of 247 DEGs in normal and disease samples were identified. Based on the F-test, 50 disrupted pathways were obtained with false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.01. Simultaneously, after calculating the DS, the top 10 pairs of pathways were selected based on a higher AUC value as measured by RF classification. From the Monte Carlo Cross-Validation, we considered the top 10 pairs of pathways with higher AUC values ranked for all 50 bootstraps as the most frequently detected ones.ConclusionThe pairs of pathways identified in our study might be key regulators in DM.
Sustainable landscape management based on cultural ecosystem services
Authors: Palacios-Agundez Igone , Peña Lorena , Ametzaga-Arregi Ibone , Rodríguez-Loinaz Gloria , Onaindia Miren 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTo sustain cultural ecosystem services and cultural heritage it is important to go in depth in the science policy interface, because efficient governance mechanisms emerge from the cooperation of scientists and practitioners. In the Basque Country, we are on the road towards adaptive and resilient landscape management through an integrative approach that enhances the link between science, policy-making and society. Key elements of this approach are: The establishment from the outset of a transdisciplinar community of practice; the creation of specific transdisciplinar working groups to go in depth with concrete applicability measures; a strong outreach strategy and educational programs development; and last but not least, the involvement of stakeholders at multiple stage of the process. Diverse research lines are carried out during the process (e.g. mapping ecosystems services, analyzing social perceptions), whose results are combined to help identify response options for sustainable landscape. Relevant policy implementations of the results of this broad research are already taking place in the Basque Country. The proved utility of this working mechanism makes key agents to continue involved, and to attract more agents into the process. These transdisciplinary processes facilitate the creation of synergies and win-win solutions towards sustainable management of cultural ecosystem services.
Obese phenotype and natriuretic peptides in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Clerico Aldo , Zaninotto Martina , Passino Claudio , Plebani Mario 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe results of several recent experimental studies using animal models and clinical trials suggested that obesity is not merely an epiphenomenon or a prominent comorbidity in patients with heart failure (HF). Indeed, recent studies suggest that obesity is intimately involved in the pathogenesis of HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The most recent studies indicate that approximately 50% of HF patients have HFpEF. As standard pharmacological treatment usually shows only a weak or even neutral effect on primary outcomes in patients with HFpEF, treatment strategies targeted to specific groups of HFpEF patients, such as those with obesity, may increase the likelihood of reaching substantial clinical benefit. Considering the well-known inverse relationship between body mass index (BMI) values and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, it is theoretically conceivable that the measurement of natriuretic peptides, using cutoff values adjusted for age and BMI, should increase diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in HFpEF patients. However, further experimental studies and clinical trials are needed to differentiate and better understand specific mechanisms of the various HFpEF phenotypes, including obese HFpEF.
Still marginalized: Gender inequalities in the largest Polish daily’s sports coverage
Authors: Zbigniew Dziubiński , Organista Natalia , Mazur Zuzanna 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The studies conducted over recent decades on media sports coverage indicatedmajor underrepresentation of women’s sports. The underrepresentation of women’s sports in the media is aligned with the perception of sport as a masculine construct with sportswomen as the ‘other’. However, most studies were conducted in English-speaking countries. In this article we present our findings of press media coverage in Poland. The aim of the study was to provide an analysis of sports press coverage in the largest Polish daily, Gazeta Wyborcza, with respect to gender inequality. The chosen method was content analysis. The results show an underrepresentation of women’s sports in the examined press coverage – only 12.5% of all articles concerned female sports. Qualitative analysis demonstrates that the articles differed in terms of the athletes’ gender as well. The study highlighted the gender-dependent nature of the examined sports press coverage in Poland.
Perceptual processes and political participation: Do the presumed reach and the presumed influence of social media affect political activities via Facebook and Twitter?
Authors: Bernhard Uli , Dohle Marco 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The perception that many other people are being reached and affected by political communication can be a reason for intensifying one’s own communication activities. An online survey among German citizens (n = 2,957) was carried out to determine whether this is also true for political communication activities via social media. Results show that the presumed reach and the presumed influence of Facebook and Twitter with regard to the individual’s circle of friends/acquaintances affect the intensity of online communication. However, perceptions concerning the population in general are not relevant. This indicates that individuals primarily address their own social environment with their political social networking practices. Thus, by concentrating on perceptual processes, the findings contribute to shedding light on the causes and motives for political communication activities in the social media world.