bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Effects of Playing Formations on Tactical Behavior and External Workload During Football Small-Sided Games
Authors: Baptista Jorge , Travassos Bruno , Gonçalves Bruno , Mourão Paulo , Viana João L. , Sampaio Jaime 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Baptista, J, Travassos, B, Gonçalves, B, Mourão, P, Viana, JL, and Sampaio, J. Exploring the effects of playing formations on tactical behavior and external workload during football small-sided games. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 2024–2030, 2020—This study aimed to identify the effects of playing formations on tactical behavior and external workload during football small-sided games. Twenty-three semiprofessional footballers integrated 3 different playing formations in a 7-a-side small-sided game, according to their specific player positions: team 4:3:0 (4 defenders and 3 midfielders); team 4:1:2 (4 defenders, 1 midfielder, and 2 forwards); and team 0:4:3 (4 midfielders and 3 forwards). Based on players' movement trajectories, the following individual and collective tactical variables were calculated: total distance covered and distance covered while walking, jogging, running, and sprinting, distance from each player to both own-team centroid and opponent-team centroid, individual area, team length, team width, and surface area. Approximate entropy was computed to identify the regularity of each variable. The team 4:3:0 promoted players' space exploration with moderate physical efforts. The team 4:1:2 promoted compactness and regularity of the team with increase in the physical efforts. The team 0:4:3 promoted team balance and adaptability on space coverage with increase in physical efforts. Concluding, different playing formations support different game dynamics, and variations on external load were directly linked with the variations on tactical behavior. The analysis of tactical behavior through quantification of variability of patterns of play and quantification of distance covered at different velocities were the most useful information for the analysis of the effects of practice task manipulations. Therefore, in a practical sense, strength and conditioning coaches should plan and monitor these tasks in interaction with the head coaches.
Accuracy of the Urinalysis for Urinary Tract Infections in Febrile Infants 60 Days and Younger
Authors: Tzimenatos Leah , Mahajan Prashant , Dayan Peter S. , Vitale Melissa , Linakis James G. , Blumberg Stephen , Borgialli Dominic , Ruddy Richard M. , Van Buren John , Ramilo Octavio , Kuppermann Nathan ,   for the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN)
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVES:
Reports of the test accuracy of the urinalysis for diagnosing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young febrile infants have been variable. We evaluated the test characteristics of the urinalysis for diagnosing UTIs, with and without associated bacteremia, in young febrile infants.

METHODS:
We performed a planned secondary analysis of data from a prospective study of febrile infants ≤60 days old at 26 emergency departments in the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network. We evaluated the test characteristics of the urinalysis for diagnosing UTIs, with and without associated bacteremia, by using 2 definitions of UTI: growth of ≥50 000 or ≥10 000 colony-forming units (CFUs) per mL of a uropathogen. We defined a positive urinalysis by the presence of any leukocyte esterase, nitrite, or pyuria (&gt;5 white blood cells per high-power field).

RESULTS:
Of 4147 infants analyzed, 289 (7.0%) had UTIs with colony counts ≥50 000 CFUs/mL, including 27 (9.3%) with bacteremia. For these UTIs, a positive urinalysis exhibited sensitivities of 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91–0.97), regardless of bacteremia; 1.00 (95% CI: 0.87–1.00) with bacteremia; and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.90–0.96) without bacteremia. Specificity was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.90–0.91) in all groups. For UTIs with colony counts ≥10 000 CFUs/mL, the sensitivity of the urinalysis was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.83–0.90), and specificity was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.90–0.92).

CONCLUSIONS:
The urinalysis is highly sensitive and specific for diagnosing UTIs, especially with ≥50 000 CFUs/mL, in febrile infants ≤60 days old, and particularly for UTIs with associated bacteremia.
Recent Advances in Antabuse (Disulfiram): The Importance of its Metal-binding Ability to its Anticancer Activity
Authors: Viola-Rhenals Maricela , Patel Kush R. , Jaimes-Santamaria Laura , Wu Guojun , Liu Jinbao , Dou Q. Ping 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Considerable evidence demonstrates the importance of dithiocarbamates
especially disulfiram as anticancer drugs. However there are no systematic reviews
outlining how their metal-binding ability is related to their anticancer activity. This
review aims to summarize chemical features and metal-binding activity of disulfiram and
its metabolite DEDTC, and discuss different mechanisms of action of disulfiram and their
contributions to the drug's anticancer activity.

Methods:
We undertook a disulfiram-related search on bibliographic databases of peerreviewed
research literature, including many historic papers and in vitro, in vivo, preclinical
and clinical studies. The selected papers were carefully reviewed and summarized.

Results:
More than five hundreds of papers were obtained in the initial search and one
hundred eighteen (118) papers were included in the review, most of which deal with
chemical and biological aspects of Disulfiram and the relationship of its chemical and
biological properties. Eighty one (81) papers outline biological aspects of dithiocarbamates,
and fifty seven (57) papers report biological activity of Disulfiram as an inhibitor
of proteasomes or inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes, interaction with other
anticancer drugs, or mechanism of action related to reactive oxygen species. Other papers
reviewed focus on chemical aspects of dithiocarbamates.

Conclusion:
This review confirms the importance of chemical features of compounds
such as Disulfiram to their biological activities, and supports repurposing DSF as a potential
anticancer agent.
Overview on Anticancer Drug Design and Development
Authors: Olgen Sureyya 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Many impediments of current anti-cancer therapies have urged scientists
to discover new agents. As a result of growing spectrums of new targets and strategies
and recent biological and biotechnological progresses, many anti-cancer agents such as
monoclonal antibodies, small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and epigenetic drugs have
been reached to clinical trials.

Objectives:
This review helps to understand the rationale for the development of inhibitors
against major targets such as cell growth, proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and recent targets
such as proteasome, heat shock proteins, and epigenetics.

Methods:
Recent approaches of the target-based anti-cancer drug developments were highlighted
to giving some examples from approved agents. Many factors, such as metabolic
change, hypoxia, cancer precursors and cancer resistant cells, and their effect on drug resistance
mechanisms were discussed. The impacts of advanced computational techniques to
identify targets of cancer and designing more selective inhibitors were explained.

Results:
Contributions of recent techniques such as a network analysis, the precise modes of
action and computational methodologies especially simulation of bio-molecular processes to
clarify targets, mechanism actions and reasons of lack of efficacy of anti-cancer drugs have
been explained. The relationship between the several mechanisms and molecular design
strategies has been discussed.

Conclusion:
This review provides an overview of important targets and design strategies of
anti-cancer drugs, advantages and disadvantages of these methods and evaluation of some
currently used anticancer targets in clinical studies.
Efficacy of Aloe vera/ Plantago Major Gel in Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Najafian Younes , Khorasani Zahra M. , Najafi Mona N. , Hamedi Shokouh S. , Mahjour Marjan , Feyzabadi Zohre 
Published: January 2018

Background:Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most common complications of diabetic patients. Mostly, non-healing DFU leads to infection, gangrene, amputation and even death. High costs and poor healing of the wounds need a new treatment such as alternative medicine. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Aloe vera/ Plantago major gel (Plantavera gel) in healing of DFUMethods:Forty patients with DFU enrolled in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The patients who were randomly assigned into the intervention group (n = 20), received topical Plantavera gel in addition to the routine cares, whereas the patients in the control group (n = 20), received topical Placebo gel in addition to the routine cares. Intervention was done twice a day for 4 weeks in the both groups. Photography and an evaluation of DFU healing were conducted by a checklist and then were scored at baseline and at the end of each week. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS software.Results:At the end of the study, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of total ulcer score (P<0.001) and Plantavera gel significantly reduced the ulcer surface comparing with the control group (P=0.039). However, there was not a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.263) in terms of the ulcer depth. During this study, no side effect was observed for Plantavera gel in the intervention group.Conclusion:Topical Plantavera gel seems to be an effective, cheap and safe treatment. Of course, further studies are required to confirm the properties of the wound healing of this gel.
Effectiveness and Cost of Weekly Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Hemodialysis Catheter Locking Solution
Authors: Hemmelgarn Brenda R. , Manns Braden J. , Soroka Steven D. , Levin Adeera , MacRae Jennifer , Tennankore Karthik , Wilson Jo-Anne S. , Weaver Robert G. , Ravani Pietro , Quinn Robert R. , Tonelli Marcello , Kiaii Mercedeh , Mossop Paula , Scott-Douglas Nairne 
Published: January 2018

Background and objectives
Evidence to guide hemodialysis catheter locking solutions is limited. We aimed to assess effectiveness and cost of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) once per week as a locking solution, compared with thrice weekly citrate or heparin, in patients at high risk of complications.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We used a prospective design and pre-post comparison in three sites across Canada. Pre-post comparisons were conducted using multilevel mixed effects regression models accounting for cluster with site and potential enrollment of patients more than once. In the pre period, catheter malfunction was managed as per site-specific standard of care. The intervention in the post period was once weekly rt-PA as a locking solution (with citrate or heparin used for other sessions). The primary outcome was rate of rt-PA use for treatment of catheter malfunction. Secondary outcomes included rates of bacteremia, management of catheter malfunction, and cost.

Results
There were 374 patients (mean age 68 years; 52% men) corresponding to 506 enrollments. Mean length of enrollment was 200 days (SD 119) in the pre period and 187 days (SD 101) in the post period. There was a significant decline in rate of rt-PA use for treatment of catheter malfunction in the post compared with pre period (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.30 to 0.52); however, there was no difference in the rate of bacteremia, or catheter stripping or removal/replacement. The increase in mean total health care cost in the post period was CAD$962 per enrollment, largely related to costs of rt-PA as a locking solution.

Conclusions
Once weekly rt-PA as a catheter locking solution was associated with a reduction in rt-PA use for treatment of catheter malfunction. Our results showing a reduction in rescue rt-PA use are consistent with a prior randomized trial, although we did not observe a reduction in bacteremia or catheter stripping/removal and did observe an increased incremental cost of this strategy primarily accounted for by the cost of the rt-PA.
Ethnic differences in craniofacial and upper spine morphology in children with skeletal Class II malocclusion
Authors: Oh Eunhye , Ahn Sug-Joon , Sonnesen Liselotte 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To analyze differences in upper cervical spine and craniofacial morphology, including posterior cranial fossa and growth prediction signs, between Danish and South Korean pre-orthodontic skeletal Class II children and to analyze associations between upper cervical spine morphology and craniofacial characteristics.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred forty-six skeletal Class II children—93 Danes (54 boys and 39 girls, mean age 12.2 years) and 53 Koreans (27 boys and 26 girls, mean age 10.8 years)—were included. Upper spine morphology, Atlas dimensions, and craniofacial morphology, including posterior cranial fossa and growth prediction signs, were assessed on lateral cephalograms. Differences and associations were analyzed by multiple linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age and gender.

Results:
Significant differences between the ethnic groups were found in the sagittal and vertical craniofacial dimensions (P &lt; .001), mandibular shape (P &lt; .01), dental relationship (P &lt; .01), posterior cranial fossa (P &lt; .05), and growth prediction signs (P &lt; .001). No significant differences were found in upper spine morphology and Atlas dimensions between the groups. Upper spine morphology/dimensions were significantly associated with the cranial base angle (P &lt; .01), sagittal craniofacial dimensions (P &lt; .001), posterior cranial fossa (P &lt; .001), and growth prediction signs (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions:
Upper spine morphology/dimensions may be valuable as predictive factors in treatment planning for growing Class II children.
Performance of Monolithic and Veneered Zirconia Crowns After Endodontic Treatment and Different Repair Strategies
Authors: Scioscia A , Helfers A , Soliman S , Krastl G , Zitzmann NU 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARY

Objectives:
To investigate failure loads of monolithic and veneered all-ceramic crowns after root canal treatment and to analyze marginal integrity of repair fillings.

Methods and Materials:
Seventy-two human molars were restored with monolithic (Zr-All) or veneered (Zr-Ven) zirconia crowns. Molars were assigned to six groups (n=12 per group) depending on restoration material, access type (no access cavity [control] or endodontic treatment [test]), and type of filling (one-step [1-st] or two-step [2-st]). For type of filling, molars were treated using a self-etch universal adhesive and cavities were either filled with layered composite (1-st) or filled until the crown material was reached, which was additionally conditioned and then filled (2-st). Scanning electron microscopic analysis of the restoration margins was performed before and after thermomechanical loading (TML), and the percentage of continuous margins was assessed. Crowns were then loaded to failure.

Results:
Preparation of the access cavity required more time in monolithic (445 s) than in veneered crowns (342 s). Loads to failure were higher in control groups (Zr-All: 5814 N; Zr-Ven: 2133 N) and higher in monolithic test (2985 N) than in veneered test crowns (889 N). In monolithic crowns, 1-st had lower fracture loads than 2-st fillings (2149 N vs 3821 N). Continuous margins of 66% to 71% were achieved, which deteriorated after TML by 39% to 40% in Zr-All, by 34% in Zr-Ven-1-st, and by 24% in Zr-Ven-2-st.

Conclusions:
Endodontic access and adhesive restorations resulted in reduced fracture load in monolithic and veneered zirconia crowns. Two-step fillings provided higher fracture loads in Zr-All and better marginal quality in Zr-Ven crowns.
Naive and Effector B-cell Subtypes are Increased in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps
Authors: Miljkovic Dijana , Psaltis Alkis , Wormald Peter-John , Vreugde Sarah 
Published: January 2018

Background Recent studies demonstrated that B cells and their chemoattractants are elevated in the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). However, the presence of naive B cells and of plasmablasts and memory B-cell subsets in the mucosa and periphery of the same patient with CRS is yet to be characterized. Objective Here we sought to quantify naive, plasmablasts, and memory B cells in mucosal tissue and peripheral blood of patients with CRSwNP, patients with CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and control patients. Methods Polyps, mucosa, and peripheral blood samples were prospectively collected from the patients with CRS and from the non-CRS controls. We used flow cytometry to distinguish among naive, plasmablast, and memory B cells in sinus tissue and peripheral blood. Results A total of 45 patients were recruited for the study. The patients with CRSwNP had significantly increased mucosal B-cell numbers versus the controls (3.39 ± 4.05% versus 0.39 ± 1.05% of live cells; p < 0.01, Kruskal-Wallis test), which included naive B cells (0.61 ± 0.94 versus 0.11 ± 0.24% of live cells; p < 0.03, Kruskal-Wallis test), plasmablasts (0.06 ± 0.26 versus 0.00 ± 0.00% e cells; p < 0.055, Kruskal-Wallis test), and memory B cells (0.62 ± 1.26 versus 0.05 ± 0.15% of live cells; p < 0.02, Kruskal-Wallis test). Conclusion Our study identified increased frequencies of different B-cell subtypes in the mucosa of patients with CRSwNP but not in the peripheral blood. We also found that patients with CRSwNP had significantly increased B-cell subtypes compared with the patients with CRSsNP and the controls. These results implied a potential role for mucosal B cells in the ongoing inflammation in patients with CRSwNP.
A new communication skills training program for palliative care fellow-physicians
Authors: MacKinnon Cristopher , Gingras Stefanie , Skamene Sonia , Ummel Deborah 
Published: January 2018

This presentation describes a novel educational program associated with a Palliative Care Post-Graduate Medical Fellowship embedded within a university teaching hospital. The educational objectives of this program will be presented, as will the pedagogical methods and initial trainee responses to this program. Grounded in both an action-reflection model, as well as the discrimination model of clinical supervision (Bernard & Goodyear, 2009), the objective of this new program is to help physicians develop their clinical skills in understanding and negotiating the complex psychosocial issues associated with advanced cancer care. Secondary objectives include developing increased self-awareness in the domains of death, dying, bereavement and supportive counselling. This program was constructed in parallel with the learning objectives of two Canadian accreditation bodies in Palliative Medicine and was drawn on an established Spiritual Care pedagogical method for tertiary health care settings (Lambert, 2013). Training includes two 90 minute bi-monthly meetings, comprising either a verbatim case report or a reflective practice group. In the former, medical fellows presented a case to a peer-group that centered largely on psychological and not medical issues. Fellows receive feedback on their communication skills, as well as on case conceptualization and treatment planning. Trainees also participate in a reflective practice group to provide an additional opportunity to deepen self-awareness, as well as reflect on how their attitudes, values and assumptions affect the role of a palliative care physician. The presentation will also report initial trainee responses to the program based on exit interviews. This training model can also easily be transferred to the training of various health care disciplines associated with palliative care. Considerations for adjustment of the program to other practice settings will be encouraged from attendees. The syllabus for the program will be provided upon request. Pedagogical methodsA didactic approach will be used to outline the basic structure of the program. To illustrate the intersections of theory and practice, the workshop will include presentations of several group case vignettes. Participants will be invited to provide feedback on the potential strengths and limitations of this program. Expected outcomesPeople attending this workshop will obtain practical information concerning a new communication skills training program, as well as techniques and strategies they may wish to bring to their particular practice setting. This training model can also easily be transferred to the training of various health care disciplines associated with palliative care.
Bringing diversity of experience into decision-making about surgery: developing an app for that
Authors: Ormel Ilja , Law Susan , Lortie Michel , Onu Charles , Tataryn Donna 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo design and pilot a mobile application to support decision-making about surgery for breast cancer patients, drawing from a collection of narratives from a diverse sample of Canadian women that used video/audio recordings (published on www.healthexperiences.ca). BackgroundThis idea came from the results of a larger research project where we collected a wide range of women’s stories about having breast cancer using qualitative research methods and video/audio recording. The women we interviewed for this project said that they felt overwhelmed by the amount of information in the period between diagnosis and surgery, and at the same time they felt they needed more specific information relevant to their needs, personal situation and preferences. They also wanted to learn from other women’s experiences of surgery. This project therefore aims to develop an information tool that can respond to that need by offering information in a more personalized manner. This project is funded by the QBCF [Quebec Breast Cancer Foundation]. MethodsSecondary analysis of existing data. Development of recommender system. Design and evaluation involving patients, clinicians and informatics experts. ResultsWe will present our analysis regarding women’s experiences related to surgery, decision-making, preferences and expectations, and need for experiential information. We will then present the development to date of a personalized information application using a computerized recommender system, including a summary of challenges and opportunities encountered along the way. ConclusionDeveloping reliable, evidence-based tools and electronic applications based on other peoples’ experiences offers a novel approach to support informed healthcare decision-making.
ANALISIS INTERAKSI SOSIAL ATLET BOLA VOLI KLUB ANANTA KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Ratimiasih Yulia 
Published: January 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk : menganalisis interaksi sosial atlet bola voli klub Ananta Kabupaten Semarang. Ditinjau dari interaksi sosial yang terdiri dari kerjasama, persaingan, pertentangan dan persesuaian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi yaitu triangulasi sumber data dan teknik pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan kerjasama atlet klub Ananta terjalin baik karena adanya saling terbuka dan saling menghargai, persaingan positif di setiap atlet mampu menjadikan prestasi yang lebih baik, Pertentangan tidak menghambat aktivitas klub Ananta dan persesuaian akan terselesaikan dengan adanya musyawarah atlet, pelatih dan orang tua. Segala bentuk interaksi sosial akan berjalan dan teratasi dengan baik dikarenakan kesadaran setiap individu yang mampu menjalani dan menerima dengan baik. Kata Kunci : analisis, interaksi sosial, klub Ananta