bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Customer lifetime value determination based on RFM model
Authors: Safari Fariba , Safari Narges , Montazer Gholam Ali 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– One of the salient challenges in customer-oriented organizations is to recognize, segment and rank customers. Customer segmentation is usually based on customer lifetime value (CLV) measured by three purchase variables: “Recency,” “Frequency” and “Monetary.” However, due to the ambiguity of these variables, using deterministic approach is not appropriate. For tackling this matter, the purpose of this paper is to propose a new method of customer segmentation and ranking by combining fuzzy clustering (as a segmentation method) and fuzzy AHP (as a ranking method).Design/methodology/approach– First, customers are classified based on purchase variables using fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm. Second, the variables are weighed applying an optimized version of AHP method. Considering the derived weights and customer groups, this paper follows to ranks segments based on CLV. The developed methodology has been implemented for a large IT company in Iran.Findings– The results show a tremendous capability to the company to evaluate his customers by dividing them into nine ranked segments. The validity of clusters has been submitted.Research limitations/implications– For researchers, this study provides a useful literature by combining FCM and an optimized version of fuzzy AHP in order to cover the limitations of previous methodologies. For organizations, this study clarifies the procedure of customer segmentation by which they can improve their marketing activities.Practical implications– Managers can consider the proposed CLV calculation methodology for selling the next best services/products to the group of customers that are more valuable, by calculating the entire lifetime value of the customers.Originality/value– This study contributes to the process of customer segmentation based on CLV, proposing a new method which covers the limitations of previous customer segmentation methods.
Advertising implications and design of messages
Authors: D'Souza Clare , Tay Richard 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of personality traits on the perception of key message characteristics in road safety advertising.

Design/methodology/approach
– The advertisement uses visual imagery and imagery methods to examine key message characteristics. An online survey questionnaire was used to obtain responses of 947 driver perceptions with various personality traits; and the data are explored using multiple linear-regressions.

Findings
– The findings of the research indicate the importance of using key message characteristics based upon established scientific theory to developing messages, more particularly in road safety and other social marketing campaigns. The role of personality traits and its relevance also appear to be of primary importance and can be used to segment the market; guide message designs and development, as different personality traits are found to be significant for different message characteristics.

Research limitations/implications
– This research varies from preceding efforts as it examines the influence of personality traits on drivers’ perceptions of messages using established scientific theory, and bridging the gap in the research between two main paths of research with reference to fear-based messages: the process that influences an individual response to key messages; and the influences of personality trait differences on message perceptions.

Originality/value
– This study extends the knowledge in several essential areas and offers a set of recommendations to assist marketers in developing effective message strategies and segmentation based on personality traits. Besides advancing theory, this study enhances the understanding of how to develop more effective road safety messages that will save lives and prevent injuries.
An exploratory study into the application of psychological theories and therapies in Australian mental health occupational therapy practice: Challenges to occupation‐based practice
Authors: Ashby Samantha , Gray Mel , Ryan Susan , James Carole 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundWhile legitimate practice tools have been the subject of debate within the profession, little attention has been paid to psychological frames of reference (PFsOR). Hence, this article explores the ways psychological theories and therapies shape occupation‐based practice in mental health settings.MethodologyNarrative inquiry methods and thematic analysis were used to explore the career stories of nine occupational therapists who had worked in mental health practice for more than five years.FindingsRespondents found it difficult to hold onto their occupational focus in the psychology‐dominated world of mental health practice. The main themes to emerge were (i) tension between occupation and psychology; (ii) overwhelming pressures to adoptPFsOR; (iii) resistance toPFsOR; and (iv) usingPFsORto enhance professional repertoires. Findings pointed to the need to ensurePFsORinclude occupational considerations for occupation‐based practice in mental health.ConclusionA occupation‐based perspective means balancingPFsORwith occupation‐based considerations, so service‐user issues are holistically addressed. There is a need to critically review occupational therapists' use ofPFsORlest their most visible practical actions appear psychologically based rather than occupation based.
Alternatives to EU Membership and the Rational Imagination
Authors: Chalmers Damian 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe domestic scenario following a Brexit vote is likely to be characterised by high stakes, uncertainty and fissile political debate. No off‐the‐peg arrangement touted for Brexit—be it Norwegian, Swiss, Turkish or Canadian—was designed to engage with such a context. Nor does it seem wise to rush to medium‐term commitments which might pre‐empt democratic politics and wise choices. Far more important will be the legitimacy of any institutional settlement governing this arrangement, which will provide the context for its revision and development and the space for democratic reflection over how these policies are to be governed. It will be suggested that here there is much insight to be gained from looking at regional arrangements beyond the EU.
Collective Nouns in Welsh: A Noun Category or a Plural Allomorph?
Authors: Nurmio Silva 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA noun category in Welsh which has a shorter form for a collection/plural meaning and a suffixed singulative for a single instance has been described in the literature as both a number category and a plural allomorph, often with terminological ambiguity and blurring of boundaries between different noun types. This paper is an investigation of the features of these nouns using a number of theoretical approaches which cumulatively support the argument that collective can be considered a full number category in Welsh.
Does industry self‐regulation protect young people from exposure to alcohol marketing? A review of compliance and complaint studies
Authors: Noel Jonathan K. , Babor Thomas F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground and AimsExposure to alcohol marketing is considered to be potentially harmful to adolescents. In addition to statutory regulation, industry self‐regulation is a common way to protect adolescents from alcohol marketing exposures. This paper critically reviews research designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the alcohol industry's compliance procedures to manage complaints when alcohol marketing is considered to have violated a self‐regulatory code.MethodsPeer‐reviewed papers were identified through four literature search engines: PubMed, SCOPUS, PsychINFO and CINAHL. Non‐peer‐reviewed reports produced by public health agencies, alcohol research centers, non‐governmental organizations, government research centers and national industry advertising associations were also included.ResultsThe search process yielded three peer‐reviewed papers, seven non‐peer reviewed reports published by academic institutes and non‐profit organizations and 20 industry reports. The evidence indicates that the complaint process lacks standardization across countries, industry adjudicators may be trained inadequately or biased and few complaints are upheld against advertisements pre‐determined to contain violations of a self‐regulatory code.ConclusionsThe current alcohol industry marketing complaint process used in a wide variety of countries may be ineffective at removing potentially harmful content from the market‐place. The process of determining the validity of complaints employed by most industry groups appears to suffer from serious conflict of interest and procedural weaknesses that could compromise objective adjudication of even well‐documented complaints. In our opinion the current system of self‐regulation needs major modifications if it is to serve public health objectives, and more systematic evaluations of the complaint process are needed.
Long‐term outcome of peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia treatment in a 9‐year‐old female patient
Authors: Yamashita Kanefumi , Shiwaku Hironari , Hirose Ryuichiro , Kai Hiroki , Nakashima Ryo , Kato Daisuke , Beppu Richiko , Takeno Shinsuke , Sasaki Takamitsu , Nimura Satoshi , Iwasaki Akinori , Inoue Haruhiro , Yamashita Yuichi 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAchalasia is a primary motility disorder with incomplete lower esophageal sphincter relaxation; it has an annual incidence of 0.11 cases per 100 000 children. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a new endoscopic treatment method for achalasia. Reports about POEM in pediatric patients are rare. We herein report the case of a 9‐year‐old female patient with achalasia who underwent POEM. The patient underwent endoscopic balloon dilatation because medication was not effective at a previous hospital; however, endoscopic balloon dilatation was not effective either. She then underwent successful POEM upon admission at our hospital. The patient was symptom‐free at 2 years postoperatively with no signs of esophagitis in the absence of proton‐pump inhibitor therapy.
TRPA1 activation leads to neurogenic vasodilatation: involvement of reactive oxygen nitrogen species in addition to CGRP and NO
Authors: Aubdool Aisah A , Kodji Xenia , Abdul‐Kader Nayaab , Heads Richard , Fernandes Elizabeth S , Bevan Stuart , Brain Susan D 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground and PurposeTransient receptor potential ankyrin‐1 (TRPA1) activation is known to mediate neurogenic vasodilatation. We investigated the mechanisms involved in TRPA1‐mediated peripheral vasodilatation in vivo using the TRPA1 agonist cinnamaldehyde.Experimental ApproachChanges in vascular ear blood flow were measured in anaesthetized mice using laser Doppler flowmetry.Key ResultsTopical application of cinnamaldehyde to the mouse ear caused a significant increase in blood flow in the skin of anaesthetized wild‐type (WT) mice but not in TRPA1 knockout (KO) mice. Cinnamaldehyde‐induced vasodilatation was inhibited by the pharmacological blockade of the potent microvascular vasodilator neuropeptide CGRP and neuronal NOS‐derived NO pathways. Cinnamaldehyde‐mediated vasodilatation was significantly reduced by treatment with reactive oxygen nitrogen species (RONS) scavenger such as catalase and the SOD mimetic TEMPOL, supporting a role of RONS in the downstream vasodilator TRPA1‐mediated response. Co‐treatment with a non‐selective NOS inhibitor L‐NAME and antioxidant apocynin further inhibited the TRPA1‐mediated vasodilatation. Cinnamaldehyde treatment induced the generation of peroxynitrite that was blocked by the peroxynitrite scavenger FeTPPS and shown to be dependent on TRPA1, as reflected by an increase in protein tyrosine nitration in the skin of WT, but not in TRPA1 KO mice.Conclusion and ImplicationsThis study provides in vivo evidence that TRPA1‐induced vasodilatation mediated by cinnamaldehyde requires neuronal NOS‐derived NO, in addition to the traditional neuropeptide component. A novel role of peroxynitrite is revealed, which is generated downstream of TRPA1 activation by cinnamaldehyde. This mechanistic pathway underlying TRPA1‐mediated vasodilatation may be important in understanding the role of TRPA1 in pathophysiological situations.
Development of Teleological Explanations in Peruvian Quechua‐Speaking and U.S. English‐Speaking Preschoolers and Adults
Authors: Sánchez Tapia Ingrid , Gelman Susan A. , Hollander Michelle A. , Manczak Erika M. , Mannheim Bruce , Escalante Carmen 
Published: May 2016

Teleological reasoning involves the assumption that entities exist for a purpose (giraffes have long necks for reaching leaves). This study examines how teleological reasoning relates to cultural context, by studying teleological reasoning in 61 Quechua‐speaking Peruvian preschoolers (Mage = 5.3 years) and adults in an indigenous community, compared to 72 English‐speaking U.S. preschoolers (Mage = 4.9 years) and university students. Data were responses to open‐ended “why” questions (“Why is that mountain tall?”). Teleological explanations about nonliving natural kinds were more frequent for children than adults, and for Quechua than U.S. participants. However, changes with age were importantly distinct from differences corresponding to cultural variation. Developmental and cultural differences in teleological explanations may reflect causal analysis of the features under consideration.
Similarities and Differences in Maternal Responsiveness in Three Societies: Evidence From Fiji, Kenya, and the United States
Authors: Broesch Tanya , Rochat Philippe , Olah Kata , Broesch James , Henrich Joseph 
Published: May 2016

The first relationship between an infant and her caregiver, typically the mother, lays the foundation for cognitive, social, and emotional development. Maternal responsiveness and affect mirroring have been studied extensively in Western societies yet very few studies have systematically examined these caregiving features in non‐Western settings. Sixty‐six mother–infant dyads (7 months, SD = 3.1) were observed in a small‐scale, rural island society in Fiji, a village in Kenya, and an urban center in the United States. Mothers responded similarly to infant bids overall, but differences were found across societies in the ways mothers selectively respond to affective displays. This has implications for understanding early emotion socialization as well as understanding variation in infant social ecologies across the globe.
Decreased epithelial and plasma miR‐181b‐5p expression associates with airway eosinophilic inflammation in asthma
Authors: Huo X. , Zhang K. , Yi L. , Mo Y. , Liang Y. , Zhao J. , Zhang Z. , Xu Y. , Zhen G. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryBackgroundAirway eosinophilic inflammation is a pivotal feature of asthma. Epithelial cells play critical roles in airway eosinophilia. We hypothesized that epithelial microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in airway eosinophilia.ObjectiveThis study investigated the associations between epithelial and plasma miR‐181b‐5p and airway eosinophilic inflammation, and the possible mechanism by which miR‐181b‐5p participates in eosinophilic inflammation.MethodsEpithelial miRNAs expression was profiled by miRNA array in eight subjects with asthma and four healthy controls. Epithelial miR‐181b‐5p expression was confirmed by quantitative PCR in the subjects for array experiment and another cohort including 21 subjects with asthma and 10 controls. Plasma miR‐181b‐5p was determined by quantitative PCR in 72 subjects with asthma and 35 controls. Correlation assays between epithelial and plasma miR‐181b‐5p expression and airway eosinophilia were performed. The target of miR‐181b‐5p, SPP1, was predicted by online algorithms and verified in BEAS‐2B cells. The role of miR‐181b‐5p in epithelial proinflammatory cytokine expression was examined in an in vitro system.ResultsEpithelial miR‐181b‐5p expression was decreased in subjects with asthma. Epithelial miR‐181b‐5p levels were inversely correlated with sputum and bronchial submucosal eosinophilia. Plasma miR‐181b‐5p was decreased and correlated with epithelial miR‐181b‐5p in subjects with asthma. There was a strong inverse correlation between plasma miR‐181b‐5p and airway eosinophilia in subjects with asthma. Plasma miR‐181b‐5p was increased after inhaled corticosteroids treatment. We verified that SPP1 is a target of miR‐181b‐5p. In human bronchial epithelial cells, miR‐181b‐5p regulated IL‐13‐induced IL‐1β and CCL11 expression by targeting SPP1. Dexamethasone restored IL‐13‐induced miR‐181b‐5p down‐regulation and suppressed IL‐13‐induced SPP1, IL‐1β and CCL11 expression.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceEpithelial and plasma miR‐181b‐5p are potential biomarkers for airway eosinophilia in asthma. MiR‐181b‐5p may participate in eosinophilic airway inflammation by regulating proinflammatory cytokines expression via targeting SPP1.
Post‐traumatic growth following a first episode of psychosis: a scoping review
Authors: Jordan Gerald , Pope Megan , Lambrou Angella , Malla Ashok , Iyer Srividya 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimA first‐episode psychosis (FEP) is a traumatic experience that can often result in great suffering. However, in addition to suffering, persons affected by FEP may also experience post‐traumatic growth (PTG) or the perception that good has followed psychosis. Although much is known concerning the negative outcomes following FEP, little attention has been given to the state of scientific knowledge on PTG following FEP. The aim of this study is to determine the state of knowledge concerning PTG following FEP to help set the stage for a full systematic review.MethodsA scoping review was conducted following six steps: identifying the research question and relevant studies, selecting studies, charting the data, coding and summarizing results and consulting with relevant stakeholders regarding the findings.ResultsPost‐traumatic growth following FEP was described mostly as following the process of recovery and primarily, in qualitative articles. Themes related to PTG included developing positive character traits, making positive lifestyle changes, developing stronger connections with others, integrating the FEP with the self, experiencing greater religiosity and appreciating life more.ConclusionsIn addition to the negative aftermath of FEP, PTG may also occur. Evidence of PTG following FEP will be examined in a systematic review focused on the recovery and qualitative literature.
Demographic correlates of medication knowledge in Hong Kong early psychosis patients
Authors: Lau Karen Chi‐Kwan , Lee Edwin Ho‐Ming , Hui Christy Lai‐Ming , Chang Wing‐Chung , Chan Sherry Kit‐Wa , Chen Eric Yu‐Hai 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimPatient knowledge of prescribed medications is important for accurate medication consumption. Not many studies have identified the demographic correlates of medication knowledge in psychiatric patients, and fewer have performed so for non‐Western societies, which may present different results owing to distinct cultural factors. Our objective was to identify the demographic correlates of medication knowledge in early psychosis patients from Hong Kong.MethodsA short questionnaire comprising questions on six components of medication knowledge was administered to 105 consecutive early psychosis patients from an outpatient clinic in Hong Kong. A suite of patient demographics was assembled from clinicians' records.ResultsPoor medication knowledge was characterized by patients of older age (>30 years), low education level (≤Form 3), overall negative family relationships (as compared with overall positive ones) and shorter treatment duration (≤4 years). Shorter treatment duration most consistently predicted poor medication knowledge, displaying significant (P < 0.05) associations with four out of six knowledge components. Patients (54.3%) did not know the English names of their medication.ConclusionsSpecific groups of early psychosis patients are at risk of having poor medication knowledge; these individuals should be identified to receive regular health education. Contrary to findings from non‐psychosis groups, short treatment duration was unequivocally associated with poorer medication knowledge in patients with early psychosis. Local replacements for English medication names should be considered in non‐English speaking societies, especially in areas of mental health treatment.
The spatial scale of local adaptation in a stochastic environment
Authors: Hadfield Jarrod D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe distribution of phenotypes in space will be a compromise between adaptive plasticity and local adaptation increasing the fit of phenotypes to local conditions and gene flow reducing that fit. Theoretical models on the evolution of quantitative characters on spatially explicit landscapes have only considered scenarios where optimum trait values change as deterministic functions of space. Here, these models are extended to include stochastic spatially autocorrelated aspects to the environment, and consequently the optimal phenotype. Under these conditions, the regression of phenotype on the environmental variable becomes steeper as the spatial scale on which populations are sampled becomes larger. Under certain deterministic models – such as linear clines – the regression is constant. The way in which the regression changes with spatial scale is informative about the degree of phenotypic plasticity, the relative scale of effective gene flow and the environmental dependency of selection. Connections to temporal models are discussed.
Direct evidence implicates feral cat predation as the primary cause of failure of a mammal reintroduction programme
Authors: Hardman Blair , Moro Dorian , Calver Mike 
Published: May 2016

SummaryAs evidence mounts that the feral Cat (Felis catus) is a significant threat to endemic Australian biodiversity and impedes reintroduction attempts, uncertainty remains about the impact a residual population of cats following control will have on a mammal reintroduction programme. Also, behavioural interactions between cats and their prey continue to be an area of interest. Within the framework of an ecosystem restoration project, we tested the hypotheses that successful reintroductions of some medium‐sized mammals are possible in locations where feral cats are controlled (but not eradicated) in the absence of European Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes), and that hare‐wallabies that dispersed from their release area are more vulnerable to cat predation compared with those that remain at the release site. We used radiotelemetry to monitor the survivorship and dispersal of 16 Rufous Hare‐wallabies (Lagorchestes hirsutus spp.) and 18 Banded Hare‐wallabies (Lagostrophus fasciatus fasciatus) reintroduced to four sites within Shark Bay, Western Australia. Nearly all foxes were removed and feral cats were subject to ongoing control that kept their indices low relative to prerelease levels. All monitored hare‐wallabies were killed by cats within eight and 10 months following release. Significant predation by feral cats was not immediate: most kills occurred in clusters, with periods of several months where no mortalities occurred. Once a hare‐wallaby was killed, however, predation continued until each population was eliminated. Animals remaining near their release site survived longer than those that dispersed. The aetiology of predation events observed offers new insights into patterns of feral cat behaviour and mammal releases. We propose a hypothesis that these intense per capita predation events may reflect a targeted hunting behaviour in individual feral cats. Even where feral cats are controlled, the outcome from consistent predation events will result in reintroduction failures. Managers considering the reintroduction of medium‐sized mammals in the presence of feral cats should, irrespective of concurrent cat control, consider the low probability of success. We advocate alternative approaches to cat‐baiting alone for the recovery of cat‐vulnerable mammals such as hare‐wallabies.