bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post Hoc Analysis Decisions Drive the Reported Reading Time Effects in Hackl, Koster-Hale & Varvoutis (2012)
Authors: Gibson Edward , Piantadosi Steven T. , Levy Roger 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Hackl, Koster-Hale & Varvoutis (2012; hereafter HKV) provide data that suggest that in a null context, antecedent-contained deletion (ACD) relative clause structures modifying a quantified object noun phrase (NP) are easier to process than those modifying a definite object NP. HKV argue that this pattern of results supports a quantifier-raising (QR) analysis of both ACD structures and quantified NPs in object position: under the account they advocate, both ACD resolution and quantified NPs in object position require movement of the object NP to a higher syntactic position. The processing advantage for quantified object NPs in ACD is hypothesized to derive from the fact that—at the point where ACD resolution must take place—the quantified NP has already undergone QR, whereas this is not the case for definite NPs. Here, we question these conclusions. In particular, our analyses of HKV’s reading time data reveal several unreported choice points, errors and concerns regarding multiple comparisons in the original HKV data analysis. Importantly, most other plausible ways to analyze these data that we describe here result in the crucial interaction being non-significant. Putting this observation together with the failure to observe the crucial interaction in Gibson & Levy (2016), we conclude that the experiments reported by HKV should not be viewed as providing evidence for the ACD quantifier-raising processing effect.
Cam versus pincer femoroacetabular impingement. Which type is associated with more hip structural damage? An exploratory cross-sectional study
Authors: Anbar Ashraf , Ragab Yasser , Zeinhom Fatma , El-Shaarawy Nashwa , Emad Yasser , Abo-Elyoun Ihab , Hussein Hanan , Rasker Johannes J. 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) occurs as a conflict between the proximal femur and the acetabular rim. The purpose of this study was to evaluate MRI findings and look for correlations with pain intensity and duration in each type of FAI separately in an attempt to identify which type is associated with more structural damage.

Methods:
Forty-four patients (78 hips) diagnosed with either cam or pincer FAI were consecutively recruited in a prospective cohort study. None of our patients had evidence of osteoarthritis (OA) on the initial plain radiography. All patients had contrast-enhanced MRI and CT scans of the hips. All patients filled in a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain.

Results:
The frequency of bone marrow edema (BME) was 37% in cam FAI and 20.8% in pincer FAI. In cam FAI, BME positively correlated with pain severity as measured by VAS (P<0.0001), cartilage degradation (P=0.001), pseudocysts (P<0.0001), hip effusion (P=0.013) and reactive synovitis (P<0.0001). However, in pincer FAI, BME only correlated with pain severity (P=0.004) and duration (P=0.011) and did not correlate with other MRI signs of structural hip damage.

Conclusions:
In cam FAI, BME of the femoral head and neck on MRI positively correlated with chondral damage and synovitis, but not in pincer FAI. This correlation suggests that cam FAI might be associated with a worse long-term prognosis. This finding might have an impact on clinical practice and decision making as it would encourage surgeons to intervene early in cases of cam FAI, thus preventing the possible development of irreversible, established hip OA.
Acute Kidney Injury After Efavirenz/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine (Atripla) Overdose
Authors: Havenith Thomas , Burger David , Visschers Maarten J. , Schippers Jolanda , Oude Lashof Astrid 
Published: February 2017

Abstract:
We describe a patient with acute renal failure and irreversible kidney damage after an overdose with the fixed dose combination of efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (Atripla). The acute kidney injury was most probably caused by tenofovir. Efavirenz and emtricitabine seemed relatively safe in overdose. The pharmacokinetics in overdose of all 3 drugs and the effect of hemodialysis on the tenofovir clearance were studied by measuring the plasma concentrations and by the use of clinical pharmacokinetic software.
Application of Kuhnt–Szymanowski Procedure to Lower Eyelid Margin Defect after Tumor Resection
Authors: Hayashi Ayato , Mochizuki Mariko , Kamimori Tomoki , Horiguchi Masatoshi , Tanaka Rica , Mizuno Hiroshi 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Lower eyelid reconstruction after tumor removal is always challenging, and full-thickness defects beyond half of the eyelid length require a flap from a part other than the remaining lower eyelid, such as the temporal area or the cheek.

Objective:
We aimed to report our experience of applying Smith-modified Kuhnt–Szymanowski, one of the most popular procedures for paralytic ectropion, for reconstructing oblong full-thickness lower eyelid margin defect.

Materials and Methods:
We performed Smith-modified Kuhnt–Szymanowski on 5 cases of oblong full-thickness lower eyelid margin defect after skin cancer removal. The mean age of patients was 80.0 years. The horizontal widths of the defects ranged from half to two-thirds of the lower eyelid length and the vertical width ranged from 5 to 9 mm.

Results:
We obtained good functional and esthetic results in all cases. No patients developed ectropion or lower eyelid distortion, and all patients were satisfied with their results.

Conclusions:
We utilized the procedure for morphological revision as a reconstructive procedure for eyelid margin defect by considering the defect as a morphological deformity of the eyelid margin; thus, donor tissue was not required to fill the defect and we could accomplish the reconstruction simply, firmly, and less invasively.
Geospatial Planning and the Resulting Economic Impact of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Introduction in Mozambique
Authors: Haidari Leila A. , Brown Shawn T. , Constenla Dagna , Zenkov Eli , Ferguson Marie , de Broucker Gatien , Ozawa Sachiko , Clark Samantha , Portnoy Allison , Lee Bruce Y. 
Published: February 2017

Background
Research has shown that the distance to the nearest immunization location can ultimately prevent someone from getting immunized. With the introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine throughout the world, a major question is whether the target populations can readily access immunization.

Methods
In anticipation of HPV vaccine introduction in Mozambique, a country with a 2015 population of 25,727,911, our team developed Strategic Integrated Geo-temporal Mapping Application) to determine the potential economic impact of HPV immunization. We quantified how many people in the target population are reachable by the 1377 existing immunization locations, how many cannot access these locations, and the potential costs and disease burden averted by immunization.

Results
If the entire 2015 cohort of 10-year-old girls goes without HPV immunization, approximately 125 (111–139) new cases of HPV 16,18-related cervical cancer are expected in the future. If each health center covers a catchment area with a 5-km radius (ie, if people travel up to 5 km to obtain vaccines), then 40% of the target population could be reached to prevent 50 (44–55) cases, 178 (159–198) disability-adjusted life years, and US $202,854 (US $140,758–323,693) in health care costs and lost productivity. At higher catchment area radii, additional increases in catchment area radius raise population coverage with diminishing returns.

Conclusions
Much of the population in Mozambique is unable to reach any existing immunization location, thereby reducing the potential impact of HPV vaccine. The geospatial information system analysis can assist in planning vaccine introduction strategies to maximize access and help the population reap the maximum benefits from an immunization program.
Updating Evidence for Using Hypothermia in Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Conventional and Bayesian Meta-Analytic Perspectives*
Authors: Tasker Robert C. , Vonberg Frederick W. , Ulano Elizabeth D. , Akhondi-Asl Alireza 
Published: February 2017

Objective:
To evaluate clinical trials of hypothermia management on outcome in pediatric patients with severe traumatic brain injury using conventional and Bayesian meta-analyses.

Data Sources:
Screening of PubMed and other databases to identify randomized controlled trials of hypothermia for pediatric severe traumatic brain injury published before September 2016.

Study Selection:
Four investigators assessed and reviewed randomized controlled trial data.

Data Extraction:
Details of trial design, patient number, Glasgow Coma Scale score, hypothermia and control normothermia therapy, and outcome of mortality were collated.

Data Synthesis:
In conventional meta-analysis, random-effects models were expressed as odds ratio (odds ratio with 95% credible-interval). Bayesian outcome probabilities were calculated as probability of odds ratio greater than or equal to 1. In seven randomized controlled trials (n = 472, patients 0–17 yr old), there was no difference in mortality (hypothermia vs normothermia) with pooled estimate 1.42 (credible-interval, 0.77–2.61; p = 0.26). Duration of hypothermia (24, 48, or 72 hr) did not show difference in mortality. (Similar results were found using poor outcome.) Bayesian analyses of randomized controlled trials ordered by time of study completed recruitment showed, after the seventh trial, chance of relative risk reduction of death by greater than 20% is 1-in-3. An optimistic belief (0.90 probability that relative risk reduction of death > 20% hypothermia vs normothermia) gives a chance of relative risk reduction of death by greater than 20% of 1-in-2.

Conclusions:
Conventional meta-analysis shows the null hypothesis—no difference between hypothermia versus normothermia on mortality and poor outcome—cannot be rejected. However, Bayesian meta-analysis shows chance of relative risk reduction of death greater than 20% with hypothermia versus normothermia is 1-in-3, which may be further altered by one’s optimistic or skeptical belief about a patient.
The Patient Perspective on Errors in Cancer Care: Results of a Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Carey Mariko , Boyes Allison W. , Bryant Jamie , Turon Heidi , Clinton-McHarg Tara , Sanson-Fisher Robert 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore medical oncology outpatients' perceived experiences of errors in their cancer care.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted. English-speaking medical oncology outpatients aged 18 years or older were recruited from 9 Australian cancer treatment centers. Participants completed 2 paper-and-pencil questionnaires: an initial survey on demographic, disease and treatment characteristics upon recruitment; and a second survey on their experiences of errors in cancer care 1 month later.ResultsA total of 1818 patients (80%) consented to participate, and of these, 1136 (62%) completed both surveys. One hundred forty-eight participants (13%) perceived that an error had been made in their care, of which one third (n = 46) reported that the error was associated with severe harm. Of those who perceived an error had been made, less than half reported that they had received an explanation for the error (n = 65, 45%) and only one third reported receiving an apology (n = 50, 35%) or being told that steps had been taken to prevent the error from reoccurring (n = 52, 36%). Patients with university or vocational level education (odds ratio [OR] = 1.6 [1.09–2.45],P= 0.0174) and those who received radiotherapy (OR = 1.72 [1.16–2.57];P= 0.0076) or “other” treatments (OR = 3.23 [1.08–9.63];P= 0.0356) were significantly more likely to report an error in care.ConclusionsThere is significant scope to improve communication with patients and appropriate responses by the healthcare system after a perceived error in cancer care.
W2RAP: a pipeline for high quality, robust assemblies of large complex genomes from short read data
Authors: Clavijo Bernardo J. , Garcia Accinelli Gonzalo , Wright Jonathan , Heavens Darren , Barr Katie , Yanes Luis , Di-Palma Federica 
Published: February 2017

AbstractProducing high-quality whole-genome shotgunde novoassemblies from plant and animal species with large and complex genomes using low-cost short read sequencing technologies remains a challenge. But when the right sequencing data, with appropriate quality control, is assembled using approaches focused on robustness of the process rather than maximization of a single metric such as the usual contiguity estimators, good quality assemblies with informative value for comparative analyses can be produced. Here we present a complete method described from data generation and qc all the way up to scaffold of complex genomes using Illumina short reads and its application to data from plants and human datasets. We show how to use the w2rap pipeline following a metric-guided approach to produce cost-effective assemblies. The assemblies are highly accurate, provide good coverage of the genome and show good short range contiguity. Our pipeline has already enabled the rapid, cost-effective generation ofde novogenome assemblies from large, polyploid crop species with a focus on comparative genomics.Availabilityw2rap is available under MIT license, with some subcomponents under GPL-licenses. A ready-to-run docker with all software pre-requisites and example data is also available.http://github.com/bioinfologics/w2raphttp://github.com/bioinfologics/w2rap-contigger
Investigating strategy tools from an interactive perspective
Authors: Cheng Caroline , Havenvid Malena Ingemansson 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the strategic management concept of “strategy tools” (STs) can be reinterpreted from an industrial network perspective. It considers how STs are used to influence the substance of relationships and how firms engage in strategic action by using such tools.

Design/methodology/approach
Using case study research involving three focal firms, the paper scrutinizes use of selected STs to examine how they are used to systematically relate to others and create benefits and affect development paths in business relationships.

Findings
STs can be viewed as an integrated part of a networking pattern of mobilizing resources, linking activities and relating actors. Seen in this manner, use of STs can be interaction-facilitating or interaction-creating.

Research limitations/implications
In an interactive approach, STs must be seen in relation to others as they are used in strategic (co-)action to engage and involve others. In this view, tools are strategic when used to affect the long-term development of important business relationships.

Practical implications
Practitioners should acknowledge that the use of a ST to handle counterparts is emerging, and valuable only in relation to specific others. Because the value of STs is unknowable until it is revealed how they can affect the substance of a specific relationship, there is no best-practice or one-size-fits-all approach.

Originality/value
This paper illuminates the phenomenon of “strategy tools” by considering it from both sides of the business exchange interface.
Diversity and composition of tropical butterflies along an Afromontane agricultural gradient in the Jimma Highlands, Ethiopia
Authors: Norfolk Olivia , Asale Abebe , Temesgen Tsegab , Denu Dereje , Platts Philip J. , Marchant Rob , Yewhalaw Delenasaw 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAfromontane landscapes are typically characterized by a mosaic of smallholder farms and the biodiversity impacts of these practices will vary in accordance to local management and landscape context. Here, we assess how tropical butterfly diversity is maintained across an agricultural landscape in the Jimma Highlands of Ethiopia. We used transect surveys to sample understory butterfly communities within degraded natural forest, semi‐managed coffee forest (SMCF), exotic timber plantations, open woodland, croplands and pasture. Surveys were conducted in 29 one‐hectare plots and repeated five times between January and June 2013. We found that natural forest supports higher butterfly diversity than all agricultural plots (measured with Hill's numbers). SMCF and timber plantations retain relatively high abundance and diversity, but these metrics drop off sharply in open woodland, cropland and pasture. SMCF and timber plantations share the majority of their species with natural forest and support an equivalent abundance of forest‐dependent species, with no increase in widespread species. There was some incongruence in the responses of families and sub‐families, notably that Lycaenidae are strongly associated with open woodland and pasture. Adult butterflies clearly utilize forested agricultural practices such as SMCF and timber plantations, but species diversity declines steeply with distance from natural forest suggesting that earlier life‐stages may depend on host plants and/or microclimatic conditions that are lost under agricultural management. From a management perspective, the protection of natural forest remains a priority for tropical butterfly conservation, but understanding functioning of the wider landscape mosaic is important as SMCF and timber plantations may act as habitat corridors that facilitate movement between forest fragments.
Issues with monitoring the safety of psychoactive products under a legal regulated market for new psychoactive substances (‘legal highs’) in New Zealand
Authors: Rychert Marta , Wilkins Chris , Witten Karen 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroduction. New Zealand's Psychoactive Substances Act (2013) established the world's first regulated market for ‘low risk’ psychoactive products (‘legal highs’). Under an interim PSA regime, 47 existing products were permitted to be continued to be sold. Aim. To explore issues with the implementation of regulatory systems to monitor the safety of products on the legal market under the interim Psychoactive Substances Act regime. Methods. Semi‐structured interviews with 30 key stakeholders, including industry, government agency, health and drug service professionals were conducted, transcribed and analysed thematically. Results. In retrospect stakeholders questioned the decision to approve strong synthetic cannabinoid smoking products, noting their health risks because of product formulation, inconsistent manufacturing practices and smoking as the means of administration. Industry actors claimed the decision to approve synthetic cannabinoid smokeable products prevented potentially safer products from gaining market share. The system for withdrawing approved products which were subsequently found to be harmful was criticised for the poor quality of data available, limited engagement with health professionals and the slowness of product withdrawal. Many of the problems with the regime were attributed to the urgency under which the legal market under the interim Psychoactive Substances Act was established and implemented. Conclusions. The selection of ‘safer’ products, implementation of the product monitoring system, and engagement with health professionals may have benefited from more time and resources. An incremental approach to establishing the new market may have made the regulatory management of the new regime more workable. [Rychert M, Wilkins C, Witten K. Issues with monitoring the safety of psychoactive products under a legal regulated market for new psychoactive substances (‘legal highs’) in New Zealand. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;00:000‐000]
Echocardiographic evaluation of right ventricular function in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Bokiniec Renata , Własienko Paweł , Borszewska‐Kornacka Maria , Szymkiewicz‐Dangel Joanna 
Published: February 2017

AimTo evaluate right ventricular function in preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.MethodsEighty‐nine preterm infants (<32 weeks) were divided into three groups: (1) no‐bronchopulmonary dysplasia (n=32); (2) mild‐bronchopulmonary dysplasia (n=35); (3) severe‐bronchopulmonary dysplasia (n=15). Right ventricular echocardiographic parameters included the following: (1) pulsed‐wave Doppler through the tricuspid valve (E/A ratio), pulmonary artery acceleration time, right ventricular ejection time, right ventricular velocity‐time integral; (2) tissue Doppler measurements of myocardial velocities and atrioventricular conduction times; (3) pulsed‐wave Doppler and tissue Doppler evaluation of myocardial performance index and E/Eʹ ratio; and (4) M‐mode detection of right ventricular end‐diastolic wall diameter.ResultsThe severe‐bronchopulmonary dysplasia group had higher mean right ventricular myocardial performance index (on the 28th day of life by pulsed‐wave Doppler) than the no‐bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P=.014) or mild‐bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P=.031) groups; no differences were found between no‐bronchopulmonary dysplasia and mild‐bronchopulmonary dysplasia groups (P=.919). A reduction in right ventricular myocardial performance index at later time points was observed in all three groups (P<.05). We found no differences between preterm infants with differing bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity in other right ventricular echocardiographic parameters.ConclusionRight ventricular myocardial performance index measured by pulsed‐wave Doppler indicates impaired right ventricular function in preterm infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Meditation training for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pagnini F. , Marconi A. , Tagliaferri A. , Manzoni G. M. , Gatto R. , Fabiani V. , Gragnano G. , Rossi G. , Volpato E. , Banfi P. , Palmieri A. , Graziano F. , Castelnuovo G. , Corbo M. , Molinari E. , Riva N. , Sansone V. , Lunetta C. 
Published: February 2017

Background and purposeStudies investigating psychological interventions for the promotion of well‐being in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are lacking. The purpose of the current study was to examine the use of an ALS‐specific mindfulness‐based intervention for improving quality of life in this population.MethodsA randomized, open‐label and controlled clinical trial was conducted on the efficacy of an ALS‐specific meditation programme in promoting quality of life. Adults who received a diagnosis of ALS within 18 months were randomly assigned either to usual care or to an 8‐week meditation training based on the original mindfulness‐based stress reduction programme and tailored for people with ALS. Quality of life, assessed with the ALS‐Specific Quality of Life Revised scale, represented the primary outcome, whilst secondary outcomes included anxiety and depression, assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and specific quality of life domains. Participants were assessed at recruitment and after 2, 6 and 12 months. The efficacy of the treatment was assessed on an intention‐to‐treat basis of a linear mixed model.ResultsA hundred participants were recruited between November 2012 and December 2014. Over time, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of quality of life (β = 0.24, P = 0.015, d = 0.89). Significant differences between groups over time were also found for anxiety, depression, negative emotions, and interaction with people and the environment.ConclusionsAn ALS‐specific meditation programme is beneficial for the quality of life and psychological well‐being of people with ALS.