bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tethering Cobalt Ions to BiVO4 Surface via Robust Organic Bifunctional Linker for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Jahangir Tahir Naveed , Ahmed Tauqir , Ullah Nisar , Kandiel Tarek A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the quest for efficient and stable oxygen evolution catalysts (OECs) for photoelectrochemical water splitting, the surface modification of BiVO4 is a crucial step. In this study, a novel and robust OEC, based on 3‐(bis(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl) amino) propanoic acid bifunctional linker known as dipicolyl alanine acid (DPAA) and cobalt ions, is prepared and fully characterized. The DPAA is anchored to the surface of BiVO4 and utilized to tether cobalt ions. The Co‐DPAA/BiVO4 photoanode exhibits remarkable stability and efficiency toward photoelectrochemical water oxidation. Specifically, it showed anodic photocurrent increase of 7.1, 5.0, 3.0, and 1.3‐fold at 1.23 VRHE as compared to pristine BiVO4, DPAA/BiVO4, Co‐BiVO4, and Co‐Pi/BiVO4 photoanodes, respectively. The photoelectrochemical and IMPS studies revealed that the Co‐DPAA/BiVO4 photoanode exhibits a longer transient decay time for surface‐trapped holes, higher charge transfer kinetics, and charge separation efficiency compared to Co‐Pi/BiVO4 and pristine BiVO4 photoelectrodes. This indicates that the Co‐DPAA effectively reduces surface recombination and facilitates charge transfer. Moreover, at 1.23 VRHE, the Co‐DPAA/BiVO4 photoanode achieved a faradic efficiency of 92% for oxygen evolution reaction and could retain a turnover frequency of 3.65 s−1. The exhibited efficiency is higher than most of the efficient molecular oxygen evolution catalysts based on Ru.
Stable Persistent Room‐Temperature Phosphorescent Hydrogels Based on Ionically Crosslinked Nonaromatic Carboxylate Polymers
Authors: Xiao Jinsheng , Deng Junwen , Wang Xiushan , Ho Hiolam , Bai Chenhao , Bai Yunhao , Wang Huiliang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDeveloping pure organic room‐temperature phosphorescent (RTP) hydrogels is important for expanding the practical applications of phosphorescent materials. However, most of the reported RTP hydrogels containing aromatic phosphors suffer from short phosphorescent lifetimes, unstable underwater RTP emissions, and complex preparation processes. Herein, novel nonaromatic RTP hydrogels are prepared by using two types of non‐traditional luminescent polymers, sodium alginate and a polymeric carboxylate, which are not RTP emissive or very weakly emissive in aqueous environments. The prepared hydrogels exhibit the following features: I) color‐tunable RTP emissions with ultra‐long lifetimes up to 451.1 ms, II) excellent anti‐swelling properties and stable persistent RTP emission even after being immersed in deionized water for months, III) efficient and large‐scale preparation of hydrogel fibers by wet spinning technique. Experiment results and theoretical calculations show that the stable and long‐lifetime RTP emissions of the hydrogels originate from the introduction of more nonconventional chromophores which are strongly crosslinked with ionic bonding between carboxylate groups and calcium ions and enhanced through‐space interactions between them. This work provides a reliable strategy for designing nonaromatic hydrogels with stable and persistent RTP.
From Friction to Function: A High‐Voltage Sliding Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Highly Efficient Energy Autonomous IoTs and Self‐Powered Actuation
Authors: Das Jyoti Prakash , Nardekar Swapnil Shital , Ravichandran Vishwanathan , Kim Sang‐Jae 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn advanced energy autonomous system that simultaneously harnesses and stores energy on the same platform offers exciting opportunities for the near‐future self‐powered miniature electronics. However, achieving optimal synchronization between the power output of an energy harvester and the storage unit or integrating it seamlessly with real‐time microelectronics to build a highly efficient energy autonomous system remains challenging. Herein, a unique bimetallic layered double hydroxide (LDH) based tribo‐positive layer is introduced for a high‐voltage sliding triboelectric nanogenerator (S‐TENG) with an output voltage of ≈1485 V and power output of 250 µW, respectively. To demonstrate the potential of a self‐charging power system, S‐TENG is integrated with on‐chip micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) as a storage unit. The MSC array effectively self‐charged up to 4.8 V (within 220s), providing ample power to support micro‐sensory systems. In addition, by utilizing the high‐voltage output of the S‐TENG, the efficient operation of electrostatic actuators and digital microfluidic (DMF) systems driven directly by simple mechanical motion is further demonstrated. Overall, this work can provide a solid foundation for the advancement of next‐generation energy‐autonomous systems.
Vacancy Manipulation by Ordered Mesoporous Induced Optimal Carrier Concentration and Low Lattice Thermal Conductivity in BixSb2−xTe3 Yielding Superior Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Li Jiao , Xu Wenlong , Jin Kangpeng , Zhang Wanjia , Lu Xiaoqing , Pan Guilong , Zhong Tianyu , Wang Xiyang , Shi Zhan , Xu Biao , Lou Yue 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFor BixSb2−xTe3 (BST) in thermoelectric field, the element ratio is easily influenced by the chemical environment, deviating from the stoichiometric ratio and giving rise to various intrinsic defects. In P‐type polycrystalline BST, SbTe and BiTe are the primary forms of defects. Defect engineering is a crucial strategy for optimizing the electrical transport performance of Bi2Te3‐based materials, but achieving synchronous improvement of thermal performance is challenging. In this study, mesoporous SiO2 is utilized to successfully mitigate the adverse impacts of vacancy defects, resulting in an enhancement of the electrical transport performance and a pronounced reduction in thermal conductivity. Crystal and the microstructure of the continuous modulation contribute to the effective phonon–electronic decoupling. Ultimately, the peak zT of Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3/0.8 wt% SiO2 (with a pore size of 4 nm) nanocomposites reaches as high as 1.5 at 348 K, and a thermoelectric conversion efficiency of 6.6% is achieved at ΔT = 222.7 K. These results present exciting possibilities for the realization of defect regulation in porous materials and hold reference significance for other material systems.
Entropy‐Driven Reversible Melting and Recrystallization of Layered Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Rajput Parikshit Kumar , Salunkhe Parashurama , Sarma Manmayuri , Basu Meghasree , Gopal Animesh , Joshi Aprajita , Shingote Ajinkya Sundarnath , Saha Surajit , Rahman Atikur , Nag Angshuman 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTypical layered 2D A2PbX4 (A: organic ammonium cation, X: Br, I) perovskites undergo irreversible decomposition at high temperatures. Can they be designed to melt at lower temperatures without decomposition? Which thermodynamic parameter drive the melting of layered perovskites? These questions are addressed by considering the melt of A2PbX4 as a mixture of ions (like ionic liquids), and hypothesized that the increase in the structural entropy of fusion (ΔSfus) will be the driving force to decrease their melting temperature. Then to increase structural ΔSfus, A‐site cations are designed that are rigid in the solid crystal, and become flexible in the molten state. Different tail groups in the A‐site cations form hydrogen‐, halogen‐ and even covalent bonding‐interactions, making the cation‐layer rigid in the solid form. Additionally, the rotation of ─NH3+ head group is suppressed by replacing ─H with ─CH3, further enhancing the rigidity. Six A2PbX4 crystals with high ΔSfus and low melting temperatures are prepared using this approach. For example, [I−(CH2)3−NH2(CH3)]2PbI4 reversibly melts at 388 K (decomposition temperature 500 K), and then recrystallizes back upon cooling. Consequently, melt‐pressed films are grown demonstrating the solvent‐ and vacuum‐free perovskite films for future optoelectronic devices.
Unveiling Generally‐ignored Co‐substrate Effect of Catalase‐inherent Peroxidase Mimic for Self‐verifiable Detection of High‐concentration Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Hou Haiwei , Jia Weijuan , Zhang Aoxue , Su Minyang , Bu Yazhong , Liu Lan , Du Baoji 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOne nanoparticle possessing both peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities is a prevalent co‐substrate nanozyme system, distinct from the extensively researched cascade nanozyme system. During the sensing of hydrogen peroxide by POD, the impact of CAT is actually ignored in most studies. In this study, the CAT effect on hydrogen peroxide detection is thoroughly investigated based on POD catalysis by finely tuning the relative activity of POD and CAT. It is discovered that the CAT effect can be changed by delaying the injection of chromogenic substrate after adding hydrogen peroxide and that the linear range grows with the delayed time. Then, a theoretical mechanism showed that the time‐delay mediated CAT effect magnification does not change the Vmax, but it causes Km to linearly increase with delayed time, consistent with the experiment results. Furthermore, the detection of high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide is successfully realized in contact lens care solutions by utilizing time‐delay‐mediated POD/CAT nanozyme. On the other hand, its linear range‐tunable characteristic is used to produce multiple standard curves, then enabled self‐verifying hydrogen peroxide detection. Overall, this work investigates the role of CAT in CAT‐inherent POD nanozymes both theoretically and experimentally, and confirms POD/CAT nanozyme's priority in developing high‐performance sensors.
Damage assessment of self‐centering rocking piers using an input energy‐based damage prediction model coupled with self‐centering index
Authors: Ashouri Rezvan , Shiravand Mahmoud R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe immediate functionality of bridges following severe earthquakes is vital for uninterrupted rescue operations. Regarding the significance of resiliency in bridges, post‐tensioned (PT) rocking piers with low residual displacements and minimal damages have developed over the past few decades. The rocking mechanism at two ends of the pier avoids bending moments and excessive flexural damage. The self‐centering (SC) capacity in this system is provided through post‐tensioning forces. Concerning optimum seismic design and retrofit purposes, it is essential to predict the actual degree of seismic damage and SC capacity of PT rocking systems after seismic hazards. In this case, a self‐centering index (SI) is proposed to evaluate the SC capacity when piers are subjected to cyclic and seismic loadings. This SI, when used in co‐operation with a viable damage prediction model, predicts whether or not the piers remain reparable under cyclic or seismic loading scenarios. After comparing a number of energy‐based damage indices, all of which consider the cumulative hysteresis energy, with the input energy‐based damage index (IEB‐DI), the latter was calibrated against observed damages under cyclic loading tests. This DI was chosen as the most suitable damage prediction model and was considered to be simply applicable after time history analysis. In this study, the seismic performance of a seismic‐resistant dual system, consisting of three RC bents along with an SC bent, was evaluated using the aforementioned damage limit states and the introduced SI. The damage predictions of the monolithic bridge, as the reference model, were compared with the estimated damage to the dual bridge. The results show that the joint application of the IEB‐DI and the proposed SI in predicting the performance level of SC rocking piers results in a comprehensive damage prediction model.
Identification and prevalence of ixodid ticks of cattle in case of Aleltu district, Oromia regional state, northern Ethiopia
Authors: Gobe Abeti , Chalchisa Adugna , Kumsa Bersissa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn Ethiopia, ticks are the major threat to cattle productivity and production, leading to considerable economic losses. The current study was designed to estimate the prevalence of ixodid tick infestation, identify species, assess major risk factors associated with tick infestation and assess public awareness.MethodsA cross‐sectional and questionnaire‐based study was conducted from January 2022 to June 2022 in the Aleltu district. The study animals were selected using a simple random sampling method.ResultsOf the 400 cattle examined, 303 (75.8%) were found to be infested by one or more tick species. Six species of ticks were identified that belonged to three genera: Amblyomma, Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus, and the subgenus Rhipicephalus (Boophilus). The most common tick species identified in terms of their prevalence and dominance were Rh. (Bo) decoloratus, Rh. evertsi, Am. variegatum, Hy. rufipes, Rh. bergeoni and Rh. praetextatus. In the present study, Rh. (Bo) decoloratus was the most prevalent (56.8%) in the study area. Among the risk factors considered, the prevalence of tick species had a statistically significant (p < 0.05) association with the age, production systems and body condition of animals. Out of 110 people interviewed, 107 (97.3%) believed there was a tick infestation in their village, and almost all farmers 103(93.6%) in the study area were unaware that ticks serve as vectors.ConclusionsThe present study provides preliminary information on the prevalence of tick infestation and the composition of ticks in the Aleltu district. Ticks are a major problem for the cattle in the study area. Therefore, the problem observed in the study area alarms the district and calls for a comprehensive control strategy.
Augmentation laryngoplasty: Results and decision plan
Authors: Tissot Laura , Fabre Christol , Aboussouan Marie‐Pierre , Castellanos Paul F. , Atallah Ihab 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesAugmentation laryngoplasty represents a therapeutic choice for patients who suffer from glottic insufficiency of different etiologies. There have been multiple injectables that have been proven effective. The present study examines the short‐term effects of vocal fold augmentation on phonation, swallowing, and breathing in individuals with glottic insufficiency. In addition, a decision plan is also proposed.MethodsData from medical records and operative notes were used to conduct a retrospective cohort study on patients with glottic insufficiency who underwent vocal fold augmentation from 2016 to 2023. Hyaluronic acid, calcium hydroxyapatite, and polydimethylsiloxane were the injectable materials that were used. An analysis was conducted on phonation, breathing, swallowing, and laryngoscopy findings both before and after vocal folds' augmentation.ResultsSeventy‐nine patients were included, which represents 97 injections. The median (IQR) preoperative Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10) score improved from 21 (15–28) to 16 (9–25) postoperatively (p < 0.001). The GRBAS scale also significantly decreased (p < 0.001). The median (IQR) preoperative Dyspnea Index score improved from 6 (0–17) to 2 (0–10) postoperatively (p < 0.05). Laryngoscopic findings showed significant improvement in the bulk of the vocal folds. There was no significant change in swallowing.ConclusionsIn case of dysphonia secondary to glottic insufficiency, augmentation laryngoplasty using various injectable materials has proven to be an effective option across a range of different etiologies, as it results in significant improvements in voice quality. The choice of the injectable material depends upon the severity and the etiology of glottic insufficiency.
Influence of Magnetic Field on Water and Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Poulose Sruthy , Quirke Jennifer A. , Coey Michael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInfluences of an applied magnetic field and an applied field gradient are explored in pure water and in aqueous solutions. Effects such as diamagnetic levitation require a large magnetic field gradient force, and very large inhomogeneous fields. The weak effects on surface tension are best observed in compensated zero-susceptibility solutions of paramagnetic ions. Much larger effects of magnetic field on evaporation rate, in the range 10–100% may be of either sign. They are related to behaviour of the ortho and para nuclear isomers of water as quasi-independent gasses in the vapor, which are released from the surface of evaporating water in a ratio that is far from the expected equilibrium 3:1 triplet/singlet ratio in the ambient atmosphere. For pure water the ratio is found to be 39:61 The equilibrium is slow to be established by intermolecular collisions, but the ratio can be changed rapidly in the vapor phase, for example by a magnetic field gradient due to Larmour precession, which in turn alters the evaporation rate. The field is most effective in when the vapor is confined in a sheltered space such as a microchannel.
Dealing with the Pitfalls of Inclusion and Diversity: How to Involve Citizens Experiencing Distance from and Distrust of Science and Governance
Authors: de Weger Esther , Fraaije Aafke , Harambam Jaron , Willems Willemine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractComplex and global emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate crisis have made scientific knowledge more relevant and at the same time more contested. Such contestation is amplified by widespread misinformation and a growing scepticism among certain groups in society towards science and policies that seem to be based solely on scientific research. Many have argued that the complexity of such emergencies and the contestation regarding scientifically developed solutions and policies require transdisciplinary research (TDR). In this chapter we present three major pitfalls and potential remedies to help TDR involve citizens (and other stakeholders) in a successful and meaningful way.
Confronting the Projectification of Transdisciplinarity for Transformation
Authors: Gjefsen Mads Dahl , Kok Kristiaan P. W. , Helliwell Richard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile the potential of transdisciplinary approaches to stimulate transformation and face society’s grand challenges has been the subject of much debate, a crucial question deserves attention: How plannable are these processes, really? In this chapter, we focus on our work in two agri-food system projects. We explore how considerations relating to fundability, together with the realities imposed by bureaucratic accountability structures and project-based research funding, influenced project formulations and path dependencies, ultimately affecting the transformation trajectories that were or were not pursued. We conclude by presenting recommendations to project management, funders and researchers.
Producing fully-charmed tetraquarks via charm quark fragmentation in colliders
Authors: Bai Xiao-Wei , Feng Feng , Gan Chang-Man , Huang Yingsheng , Sang Wen-Long , Zhang Hong-Fei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Within the framework of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD), we calculate the fragmentation function for a charm quark into an S-wave fully-charmed tetraquark, denoted as T4c. The charm-to-T4c fragmentation function is expressed as a sum of products of the perturbatively calculable short-distance coefficients and the nonperturbative long-distance matrix elements (LDMEs). The short-distance coefficients are ascertained through the perturbative matching procedure at lowest order in αs expansion. The LDMEs are approximated using the T4c four-body wave functions at the origin, which have been evaluated by various phenomenological potential models in literature. Incorporating the celebrated QCD factorization and the charm-to-T4c fragmentation function, we predict the T4c production rate at high transverse momentum pT regime in colliders. Both the differential distribution over pT and the integrated cross sections are predicted at the LHC. The cross sections for T4c states production can reach several femtobarns to several hundreds femtobarns, suggesting a substantial potential for T4c event production at the LHC. Additionally, we estimate for the photoproduction of T4c in electron-proton (ep) collisions. It is observed that the cross sections for these processes are moderate at the HERA and EIC, and relatively small at the EicC. Given the luminosities of these colliders, the prospect of detecting these fully-charmed tetraquarks at ep colliders is somewhat challenging.
Moduli dynamics in effective nested warped geometry in four dimensions and some cosmological implications
Authors: Bhaumik Arko , SenGupta Soumitra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We analyze the effective four-dimensional dynamics of the extra-dimensional moduli fields in curved braneworlds having nested warping, with particular emphasis on the doubly warped model which is interesting in the light of current collider constraints on the mass of the Kaluza-Klein graviton. The presence of a non-zero brane cosmological constant (Ω) naturally induces an effective moduli potential in the four-dimensional action, which shows distinct features in dS (Ω > 0) and AdS (Ω < 0) branches. For the observationally interesting case of dS 4-branes, a metastable minimum in the potential arises along the first modulus, with no minima along the higher moduli. The underlying nested geometry also leads to interesting separable forms of the non-canonical kinetic terms in the Einstein frame, where the brane curvature directly impacts the kinetic properties of only the first modulus. The non-canonicity of the scenario has been illustrated via an explicit computation of the field space curvature. We subsequently explore the ability of curved multiply warped geometries to drive inflation with an in-built exit mechanism, by considering predominant slow roll along each modular direction on a case-by-case basis. We find slow roll on top of the metastable plateau along the first modular direction to be the most viable scenario, with the higher-dimensional moduli parametrically tuning the height of the potential without significant impact on the inflationary observables. On the other hand, while slow roll along the higher moduli can successfully inflate the background and eventually lead to an exit, consistency with observations seemingly requires unphysical hierarchies among the extra-dimensional radii, thus disfavouring such scenarios.
Remarks on Regularization by Noise, Convex Integration and Spontaneous Stochasticity
Authors: Flandoli Franco , Rehmeier Marco 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis note is devoted to a discussion of the potential links and differences between three topics: regularization by noise, convex integration, spontaneous stochasticity. All of them deal with the effect on large scales of a small-scale perturbation of fluid dynamic equations. The effects sometimes have something in common, like convex integration and spontaneous stochasticity, sometimes they look the opposite, as in regularization by noise. We are not aware of rigorous links or precise explanations of the differences, and hope to drive new research with this comparative examination.