bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐dose mizoribine combined with calcineurin inhibitor (cyclosporine or tacrolimus), basiliximab and corticosteroids for renal transplantation: A Japanese multicenter study
Authors: Nishioka Tsukasa , Yoshimura Norio , Ushigome Hidetaka , Watarai Yoshihiko , Nishimura Kenji , Akioka Kiyokazu , Nakamura Nobuyuki , Kawakita Mutsushi , Yuzawa Kenji , Nakatani Tatsuya 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo evaluate the utility and safety of high‐dose mizoribine combination therapy using cyclosporine and tacrolimus as calcineurin inhibitors in patients undergoing kidney transplant.MethodsThe present study enrolled 156 patients who received kidney transplants in 18 institutions between 2009 and 2013. ABO‐incompatible and/or pre‐sensitized recipients were excluded. Immunosuppression used cyclosporine (88) or tacrolimus (68) as a calcineurin inhibitor, and the dosage was adjusted based on blood concentrations. Mizoribine was started at 6 mg/kg/day, and the target trough level was 1–2 ng/mL. Primary efficacy end‐points of this study were 2‐year patient survival, 2‐year graft survival and the acute rejection rate within 2 years after transplantation.ResultsThe 2‐year patient and graft survival rates in the cyclosporine group were 98.9% and 94.3%, respectively, whereas those in the tacrolimus group were 100% and 98.5%, respectively, with no significant difference between groups. Rates of onset of rejection during the observation period were also equivalent, at 22.7% in the cyclosporine group and 17.6% in the tacrolimus group. Furthermore, groups showed no significant differences in transplanted renal function. No notable differences in adverse events were observed between groups.ConclusionsA regimen of high‐dose mizoribine in combination with calcineurin inhibitors basiliximab, and corticosteroids can provide effective immunosuppression while lowering the rate of cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplant patients.
A Review of Current Literature on Vital Sign Assessment of Physical Activity in Primary Care
Authors: Wald Adrienne , Garber Carol Ewing 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposeTo conduct an integrated review of the performance and implementation of two physical activity (PA) assessment tools, the exercise vital sign (EVS) and the physical activity vital sign (PAVS), in U.S. primary care practice.DesignAn integrative review following Whittemore and Knafl's methodology.MethodsMedline and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were searched. Search terms were “exercise vital sign” OR “physical activity vital sign” AND “primary care”. Additional inclusion criteria were studies conducted in the United States, published in English, in primary care, between 2010 and 2016.ResultsNine studies met inclusion criteria. Five studies reported validity data of the EVS tool, while four studies reported data from the PAVS tool. Compared with the accelerometer, the EVS tool overestimated moderate‐vigorous PA, while the PAVS tool demonstrated moderate agreement in identifying those not meeting national PA guidelines. The EVS tool was successfully implemented in large, integrated practices utilizing electronic health record systems. PA documentation increased compared to non‐EVS practices. The predictive ability of the PAVS tool for clinical outcomes was shown. Studies of PA assessment tool use in children were not found.ConclusionsPreliminary evidence on the validity of both the EVS and PAVS tools support cautious use of each as a screening tool in primary care. There were no data on reliability, with limited data on tool use in diverse populations or settings. Data in children, older adults, and diverse population subgroups were lacking.Clinical RelevanceTwo brief exercise vital signs tools have each shown some initial validity for use by primary care clinicians as measures to identify patients not meeting PA guidelines.
Dentists’ Most Common Practices when Selecting an Implant System
Authors: Al‐Wahadni Ahed , Barakat Mohamed S. , Abu Afifeh Khladoon , Khader Yusuf 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposeTo report a comprehensive description of dental implant system selection practices among dentists practicing implantology worldwide.Materials and MethodsAn online questionnaire was designed and sent to members of 15 dental implant organizations. The survey questions addressed: dental implant system selection criteria, implant design variables, dentists’ perspective to implant quality stamps, and dentists’ satisfaction with their implant system(s). Responses were compiled and analyzed to determine correlation of responses using the chi‐squared test (level of significance α ≤ 0.05).ResultsOut of 4264 invitations sent, a total of 2001 (response rate = 46.9%) dentists participated in the survey. Approximately half of survey respondents (48.7%) were general dentists. More than two‐thirds of the survey respondents (72.5%) were performing both the surgical and prosthetic implant phases. Implant‐abutment connections were the most important dental implant system selection criterion (84.7%), followed by scientific evidence available on the implant system (82.8%), and simplicity of prosthetic steps (81.4%). Patient preferences (19.8%) were rated as the least important aspect. Sandblasted large gritted acid etched implant surfaces (SLA) were the most commonly used implant surfaces (75.8%); fluoride coated surfaces were the least commonly used (15.4%).ConclusionAccording to the results of this survey, most survey respondents practiced both surgical and prosthetic phases of dental implantology. The majority of survey respondents agreed on the importance of implant‐abutment connections, scientific evidence available on implant systems, and simplicity of prosthetic steps when selecting implant systems.
A Viscoelastic Model for the Long‐Term Deflection of Segmental Prestressed Box Girders
Authors: Beltempo Angela , Bursi Oreste S. , Cappello Carlo , Zonta Daniele , Zingales Massimiliano 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMost of segmental prestressed concrete box girders exhibit excessive multidecade deflections unforeseeable by past and current design codes. To investigate such a behavior, mainly caused by creep and shrinkage phenomena, an effective finite element (FE) formulation is presented in this article. This formulation is developed by invoking the stationarity of an energetic principle for linear viscoelastic problems and relies on the Bazant creep constitutive law. A case study representative of segmental prestressed concrete box girders susceptible to creep is also analyzed in the article, that is, the Colle Isarco viaduct. Its FE model, based on the aforementioned energetic formulation, was successfully validated through the comparison with monitoring field data. As a result, the proposed 1D FE model can effectively reproduce the past behavior of the viaduct and predict its future behavior with a reasonable run time, which represents a decisive factor for the model implementation in a decision support system.
Application of hydrolysis probe analysis to identify clade types of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles funestus sensu stricto from Muheza, northeastern Tanzania
Authors: KWEKA E. J. , MAUSA E. A. , VENTER N. , DERUA Y. A. , KIMARO E. E. , COETZEE M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA hydrolysis probe analysis (TaqMan assay) was used to study clade types in Anopheles funestus sensu stricto Giles, a major malaria vector in sub‐Saharan Africa, with specimens collected from Muheza in Tanga, northeastern Tanzania. A total of 186 An. funestus specimens were analysed, revealing that 176 (94.6%) were of clade I and 10 (5.4%) of clade II. These findings extend the distribution of clade type II from southern Mozambique and northern Zambia to northeastern Tanzania. The technique used can also be of great value in assessing the role and contribution of these clade types in malaria transmission and insecticide resistance frequencies for An. funestus s.s.
5‐Aminolevulinic acid exerts renoprotective effect via Nrf2 activation in murine rhabdomyolysis‐induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Uchida Atsushi , Kidokoro Kengo , Sogawa Yuji , Itano Seiji , Nagasu Hajime , Satoh Minoru , Sasaki Tamaki , Kashihara Naoki 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTAimAcute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with chronic kidney disease, as well as high mortality, but effective treatments for AKI are still lacking. A recent study reported the prevention of renal injury, such as ischemia‐reperfusion injury, by 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA), which induces an antioxidant effect. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of ALA in a rhabdomyolysis‐induced mouse model of AKI created by intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol.MethodsRhabdomyolysis‐induced AKI was induced by an intramuscular injection of glycerol (5 mL/kg body weight) into mice. Administration of ALA (30 mg/kg, by gavage) was started from 48 h before or 24 h after glycerol injection. The mice were sacrificed at 72 h after glycerol injection. The roles of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), which is one of the Nrf2‐related antioxidants, were further investigated through in vivo and in vitro methods.Results5‐aminolevulinic acid markedly reduced renal dysfunction and tubular damage in mice with rhabdomyolysis‐induced AKI. ALA administration decreased oxidative stress, macrophage infiltration, and inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis. The expression of Nrf2 was upregulated by ALA administration. However, administration of Zinc protoporphyrin‐9 (ZnPPIX) to inhibit HO‐1 activity did not abolish these improvements by ALA. The expression of Nrf2‐associated antioxidant factors other than HO‐1 was also increased.ConclusionThese findings indicate that ALA exerts its antioxidant activity via Nrf2‐associated antioxidant factors to provide a renoprotective effect against rhabdomyolysis‐induced AKI.
Neuromuscular synapse electrophysiology in myasthenia gravis animal models
Authors: Plomp Jaap J. , Huijbers Maartje G.M. , Verschuuren Jan J.G.M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe neuromuscular junction (NMJ) forms the synaptic connection between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber. In order to achieve a sustained muscle contraction, this synapse has to reliably transmit motor neuronal action potentials onto the muscle fiber. To guarantee successful transmission even during intense activation of the NMJ, a safety factor of neuromuscular transmission exists. In the neuromuscular disorder myasthenia gravis (MG), autoantibodies are directed against acetylcholine receptors or, in the rarer variants, against other postsynaptic NMJ proteins. This causes loss of functional acetylcholine receptors, which compromises the safety factor of neuromuscular transmission, leading to the typical fatigable muscle weakness of MG. With intracellular microelectrode measurement of (miniature) endplate potentials at NMJs in ex vivo nerve–muscle preparations from MG animal models, these functional synaptic defects have been determined in much detail. Here, we describe the electrophysiological events at the normal NMJ and the pathoelectrophysiology at NMJs of animal models for MG.
Early introduction of allergenic foods for the prevention of food allergy from an Asian perspective—An Asia Pacific Association of Pediatric Allergy, Respirology & Immunology (APAPARI) consensus statement
Authors: Tham Elizabeth Huiwen , Shek Lynette Pei‐Chi , Van Bever Hugo PS , Vichyanond Pakit , Ebisawa Motohiro , Wong Gary WK , Lee Bee Wah ,   the Asia Pacific Association of Pediatric Allergy, Respirology & Immunology (APAPARI)
Published: October 2017

AbstractEmerging evidence for the early introduction of allergenic foods for the prevention of food allergies, such as peanut allergy in Western populations, has led to the recent publication of guidelines in the USA and Europe recommending early peanut introduction for high‐risk infants with severe eczema or egg allergy. Peanut allergy is, however, much less prevalent in Asia compared to the West. Varying patterns of food allergy are seen even within Asian countries—such as a predominance of wheat allergy in Japan and Thailand and shellfish allergy in Singapore and the Philippines. Customs and traditions, such as diet and infant feeding practices, also differ between Asian populations. Hence, there are unique challenges in adapting guidelines on early allergenic food introduction to the Asian setting. In this paper, we review the evidence and discuss the possible approaches to guide the timely introduction of allergenic food in high‐risk infants in Asia.
International inequality in subjective well‐being: An exploration with the Gallup World Poll
Authors: Gluzmann Pablo , Gasparini Leonardo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper we compute inequality measures over the distribution of a subjective well‐being variable constructed from a life satisfaction question included in the Gallup World Poll in almost all countries in the world. We argue that inequality in subjective well‐being may be a better proxy for the degree of unfairness in a society than income inequality. We find evidence that inequality in subjective well‐being has an inverse‐U relationship with per capita GDP, but it is monotonically decreasing with respect to mean subjective well‐being. We argue that this difference might be associated to inequality aversion in the space of utility.
The Legacy of CVI
Authors: Pasetti Marcela F. , Douglas Steven D. , Plaeger Susan F. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology
(CVI) will merge with the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) open-access journal
mSphere
in January 2018. We commemorate this transition by exploring the history of CVI and that of its predecessor,
Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology
(CDLI), and by acknowledging their contributors. Research on vaccines, clinical immunology, and clinical diagnostic immunology published through
mSphere
will be available without restrictions to an ever-larger audience, which will expedite progress in the field. ASM remains committed to supporting its members and the research community by facilitating the dissemination of scientific knowledge in these important areas.
Rapid Detection of Carbapenemase Production in Enterobacteriaceae by Use of a Modified Paper Strip Carba NP Method
Authors: Ho Pak-Leung , Wang Ya , Wing-Sze Tse Cindy , Fung Kitty Sau-Chun , Cheng Vincent Chi-Chung , Lee Rodney , To Wing-Kin , Lai Raymond Wai-Man , Luk Wei-Kwang , Que Tak-Lun , Tsang Dominic Ngai-Chong 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Rapid and accurate detection of carbapenemase-producing
Enterobacteriaceae
(CPE) is important for preventing their spread in health care settings. We compared the performance of the Carba NP (CNP) test using the CLSI tube method with that using a modified paper strip method for the detection of carbapenemases in 390
Enterobacteriaceae
isolates. The isolates were identified by Hong Kong's carbapenem-resistant
Enterobacteriaceae
surveillance program in 2016 and comprised 213 CPE and 177 carbapenemase-negative
Enterobacteriaceae
isolates. Molecular genotype was used as the reference. The test results were read at different time points for the CLSI method (1 min, 5 min, 1 h, and 2 h) and strip method (1 min and 5 min). The strip CNP and CLSI CNP tests correctly detect carbapenemase production in 93% and 93% of KPC producers, 100% and 38% of IMI producers, 94% and 85% of IMP producers, 98% and 90% of NDM producers, and 29% and 12% of OXA producers, respectively. Overall, the strip method has superior sensitivity to the CLSI method (86% versus 75%, respectively;
P
< 0.001, McNemar test). The specificity of both methods was 100%. By the CLSI method, 27%, 14%, 29%, and 6% of the CPE isolates were positive at 1 min, 5 min, 1 h, and 2 h, respectively. In contrast, by the strip method, 76% of the CPE isolates were positive at 1 min, and an additional 10% were positive at 5 min. In conclusion, the Carba NP test by use of the modified strip method has a higher sensitivity and a shorter assay time than that those by use of the CLSI tube method.
Rotavirus Degrades Multiple Interferon (IFN) Type Receptors To Inhibit IFN Signaling and Protects against Mortality from Endotoxin in Suckling Mice
Authors: Sen Adrish , Sharma Ayushi , Greenberg Harry B. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTSTAT1 phosphorylation in response to exogenous interferon (IFN) administration can be inhibited by rotaviral replication bothin vitroandin vivo. In addition many rotavirus strains are resistant to the actions of different IFN types. The regulation by rotaviruses (RVs) of antiviral pathways mediated by multiple IFN types is not well understood. In this study, we find that during infectionin vitroandin vivo, RVs significantly deplete IFN type I, II, and III receptors (IFNRs). Regulation of IFNRs occurred exclusively within RV-infected cells and could be abrogated by inhibiting the lysosomal-endosomal degradation pathway.In vitro, IFNR degradation was conserved across multiple RV strains that differ in their modes of regulating IFN induction. In suckling mice, exogenously administered type I, II, or III IFN induced phosphorylation of STAT1-Y701 within intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of suckling mice. Murine EW strain RV infection transiently activated intestinal STAT1 at 1 day postinfection (dpi) but not subsequently at 2 to 3 dpi. In response to injection of purified IFN-α/β or -λ, IECs in EW-infected mice exhibited impaired STAT1-Y701 phosphorylation, correlating with depletion of different intestinal IFNRs and impaired IFN-mediated transcription. The ability of EW murine RV to inhibit multiple IFN types led us to test protection of suckling mice from endotoxin-mediated shock, an outcome that is dependent on the host IFN response. Compared to mortality in controls, mice infected with EW murine RV were substantially protected against mortality following parenteral endotoxin administration. These studies identify a novel mechanism of IFN subversion by RV and reveal an unexpected protective effect of RV infection on endotoxin-mediated shock in suckling mice.IMPORTANCEAntiviral functions of types I, II, and III IFNs are mediated by receptor-dependent activation of STAT1. Here, we find that RV degrades the types I, II, and III IFN receptors (IFNRs)in vitro. In a suckling mouse model, RV effectively blocked STAT1 activation and transcription following injection of different purified IFNs. This correlated with significantly decreased protein expression of intestinal types I and II IFNRs. Recent studies demonstrate that in mice lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lethality is prevented by genetic ablation of IFN signaling genes such as IFNAR1 and STAT1. When suckling mice were infected with RV, they were substantially protected from lethal exposure to endotoxin. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying rotavirus regulation of different interferons and are likely to stimulate new research into both rotavirus pathogenesis and endotoxemia.
Correlates of mobile screen media use among children aged 0–8: a systematic review
Authors: Paudel Susan , Jancey Jonine , Subedi Narayan , Leavy Justine 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveThis study is a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature to identify the correlates of mobile screen media use among children aged 8 years and less.SettingHome or community-based studies were included in this review while child care or school-based studies were excluded.ParticipantsChildren aged 8 years or less were the study population. Studies that included larger age groups without subgroup analysis specific to the 0–8 years category were excluded. Eight electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed English language primary research articles published or in press between January 2009 and March 2017 that have studied correlates of mobile screen media use in this age group.Outcome measureMobile screen media use was the primary outcome measure. Mobile screen media use refers to children’s use of mobile screens, such as mobile phones, electronic tablets, handheld computers or personal digital assistants.ResultsThirteen studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified of which a total of 36 correlates were examined. Older children, children better skilled in using mobile screen media devices, those having greater access to such devices at home and whose parents had high mobile screen media use were more likely to have higher use of mobile screen media devices. No association existed with parent’s age, sex and education.ConclusionLimited research has been undertaken into young children’s mobile screen media use and most of the variables have been studied too infrequently for robust conclusions to be reached. Future studies with objective assessment of mobile screen media use and frequent examination of the potential correlates across multiple studies and settings are recommended.Trial registration numberThis review is registered with PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (registration number:CRD42015028028).
Effects of photobiomodulation therapy in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Tomazoni Shaiane Silva , Costa Lucíola da Cunha Menezes , Guimarães Layana de Souza , Araujo Amanda Costa , Nascimento Dafne Port , Medeiros Flávia Cordeiro de , Avanzi Marina Athayde , Costa Leonardo Oliveira Pena 
Published: October 2017

IntroductionLow back pain (LBP) is one of the largest and most frequent public health problems worldwide. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a frequently used non-pharmacological therapy for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. However, there is little high-quality scientific evidence that demonstrates the effectiveness of PBMT in the treatment of patients with chronic LBP in the short, medium and long term. Therefore, the objective of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of PBMT in patients with chronic non-specific LBP in the short, medium and long term.Methods and analysesThis is a prospectively registered, two-arm randomised placebo-controlled trial with blinded patients, assessors and treatment providers. One hundred and forty-eight patients with chronic non-specific LBP will be recruited. Treatment sessions will be provided three times a week for 4 weeks (totaling 12 sessions) with patients receiving either placebo or active PBMT. For ethical reasons, all patients, regardless of treatment allocation, will also receive an information booklet based on ‘The Back Book’. Clinical outcomes will be measured at baseline, at the end of treatment, as well as 3, 6 and 12 months after randomisation. The primary outcomes will be pain intensity and disability measured after 12 sessions of treatment. The secondary outcomes will be pain intensity and disability measured at 3, 6 and 12 months after randomisation, in addition to specific disability and global perceived effect in all time points.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Cidade de São Paulo. The results will be disseminated through scientific publications and presentations at national and international scientific meetings.Trial registration numberNCT03089424.