bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
γ‐Secretase inhibitor reverts the Notch signaling attenuation of osteogenic differentiation in aged bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Tang Zhaolong , Wei Junjun , Yu Yunbo , Zhang Jiankang , Liu Lei , Tang Wei , Long Jie , Zheng Xiaohui , Jing Wei 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe age‐related changes in cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play pivotal roles in the fracture healing process, especially in geriatric individuals. This study was designed to explore the age‐related changes in murine BMSCs and the regulation of osteogenic differentiation in aged BMSCs in vitro. Notch signaling pathway took part in the regulation of osteogensis, while the relationship between Notch and the osteogenic differentiation in aged BMSCs has not been reported yet. BMSCs harvested from the bone marrow of young, adult, and aged C57BL/6 mice were cultured in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation media. Histochemical staining results indicated that the osteogenic ability of BMSCs gradually decreased with aging, whereas the adipogenic ability increased. Cell activity assays showed that the proliferative and migrated capacity did not decline with aging significantly. According to real‐time PCR and Western blotting results, the aged cells exhibited higher Notch signaling expression level than the younger ones did. After the aged BMSCs being treated with γ‐secretase inhibitor, however, Notch activity was changed and the aging‐imparied osteogenic ability reverted to a normal level. This study demonstrated that the decreased bone formation capacity in aged BMSCs had relationship with the transdifferentiation between osteogenesis and adipogenesis, which would be regulated by Notch signaling pathway and the attenuated osteogenesis in aged BMSCs could be promoted when the inhibition of Notch pathway.
miR‐483‐3p plays an oncogenic role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting tumor suppressor EI24
Authors: Ma Jiaojiao , Hong Liu , Xu Guanghui , Hao Junfeng , Wang Rui , Guo Hao , Liu Jinqiang , Zhang Yujie , Nie Yongzhan , Fan Daiming 
Published: January 2016

AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs), through negatively regulating their target genes, influence the development and progression of many cancers. Previously, we found miR‐483 was overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues, and its overexpression was negatively correlated with the prognosis and positively correlated with multidrug resistance of ESCC, but whether it could affect the biological role of proliferation and migration in ESCC cell lines is unknown. In the present study, we found miR‐483‐3p was overexpressed in ESCC cell lines as compared with the normal esophageal squamous epithelial cell line. Functional experiments in vitro showed that miR‐483‐3p could promote the proliferation, migration, transformation of cell cycle from G1 phase to G2 phase of ESCC cells and could inhibit cells' sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. Nude mouse tumorigenicity assay indicated that miR‐483‐3p could promote the growth of ESCC cells in vivo. Western blot assay showed that ectopic expression of miR‐483‐3p in ESCC cells could downregulate the protein level of etoposide induced 2.4 (EI24), which is a tumor suppressor and has not been reported in ESCC. Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that EI24 was a direct target of miR‐483‐3p. Collectively, our study demonstrated that miR‐483‐3p could promote ESCC progression at least in part through directly targeting EI24, supplying a potential strategy for miRNA‐based ESCC therapy.
Identification of microRNAs regulating Hlxb9 gene expression during the induction of insulin‐producing cells
Authors: Mu Changzheng , Wang Tao , Wang Xiaomei , Tian He , Liu Yong 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs) with the capacity of self‐ renewal and multilineage differentiation are promising sources for cell replacement therapy in diabetes. Here, we developed an effective method with activin A, conophylline, and nicotinamide to induce mouse bMSCs to differentiate into insulin‐producing cells (IPCs). The homeobox gene Hlxb9 (encoding HB9) is prominently expressed in adult human pancreas, which can also play a key role during the induction of IPCs. To find the microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating Hlxb9 gene expression, we respectively used miRanda and TargetScan to predict and got the intersection, miR‐200a and miR‐141, further identified by the Dual‐Luciferase assay. The results illustrated miR‐200a and miR‐141 could inhibit the expression of Hlxb9 by binding to its mRNA 3′UTR. Furthermore, the expression of miR‐200a and miR‐141 was almost reciprocal to that of Hlxb9. Overexpression of miR‐200a and miR‐141 downregulated the expression of pancreatic progenitor cell markers Hlxb9 and Pdx1. Therefore, miR‐200a and miR‐141 may directly or indirectly regulate the expression of pancreatic islet transcription factors to control the differentiation of IPCs.
Results of coil closure of patent ductus arteriosus using a tapered tip catheter for enhanced control
Authors: Devanagondi Rajiv , Latson Larry , Bradley‐Skelton Sharon , Prieto Lourdes 
Published: January 2016

ObjectivesThis article describes the efficacy and embolization rates of coil delivery via modified vertebral catheter (MVC) for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure.BackgroundVarious techniques have been devised to enhance coil control and prevent embolization during PDA closure. Since 1995, they have delivered coils via tapered vertebral catheters for improved coil control.MethodsCatheterization reports, angiograms, and echocardiograms were reviewed for patients with PDA occlusion via MVC from 2001 to 2014. Residual shunting was determined by angiography and echocardiogram within 24 hr post‐procedure. Procedural success was defined as ≤ trivial angiographic and echocardiographic shunt, and no aortic nor LPA obstruction, after final coil delivery.ResultsAbout 125 coil occlusions were attempted in 103 patients. Minimal PDA diameter was 2 (0.6–6) mm. Four coils were removed with a snare/bioptome due to aortic/LPA obstruction following release. Seven were malpositioned while still held by the MVC of which three embolized while attempting withdrawal. Five embolized after full release from the MVC. The embolization rate was 6.4%. Embolizations were more likely in PDAs ≥ 2.5 mm (P < 0.05). Ultimately, 98/103 PDAs were occluded using the MVC. No patient had greater trivial residual shunt or aortic/LPA obstruction for an overall success rate of 95%. For PDAs < 2.5 mm the success rate was 97%.ConclusionsCoil delivery via MVC was safe and effective for small PDAs. While fully controlled release and retrieval devices are now available for PDA closure with lower embolization rates, coil occlusion by MVC should still be considered for small PDAs, especially in resource limited regions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cortical hierarchy governs rat claustrocortical circuit organization
Authors: White Michael G. , Cody Patrick A. , Bubser Michael , Wang Hui‐Dong , Deutch Ariel Y. , Mathur Brian N. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThe claustrum is a telencephalic gray matter structure with various proposed functions, including sensory integration and attentional allocation. Underlying these concepts is the reciprocal connectivity of the claustrum with most, if not all, areas of the cortex. What remains to be elucidated to inform functional hypotheses further is whether a pattern exists in the strength of connectivity between a given cortical area and the claustrum. To this end, we performed a series of retrograde neuronal tract tracer injections into rat cortical areas along the cortical processing hierarchy, from primary sensory and motor to frontal cortices. We observed that the number of claustrocortical projections increased as a function of processing hierarchy; claustrum neurons projecting to primary sensory cortices were scant and restricted in distribution across the claustrum, whereas neurons projecting to the cingulate cortex were densely packed and more evenly distributed throughout the claustrum. This connectivity pattern suggests that the claustrum may preferentially subserve executive functions orchestrated by the cingulate cortex. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1347–1362, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Active immunization against vasoactive intestinal polypeptide decreases neuronal recruitment and inhibits reproduction in zebra finches
Authors: Vistoropsky Yulia , Heiblum Rachel , Smorodinsky Nechama‐Ina , Barnea Anat 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTNeurogenesis and neuronal recruitment occur in adult brains of many vertebrates, and the hypothesis is that these phenomena contribute to the brain plasticity that enables organisms to adjust to environmental changes. In mammals, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is known to have many neuroprotective properties, but in the avian brain, although widely distributed, its role in neuronal recruitment is not yet understood. In the present study we actively immunized adult zebra finches against VIP conjugated to KLH and compared neuronal recruitment in their brains, with brains of control birds, which were immunized against KLH. We looked at two forebrain regions: the nidopallium caudale (NC), which plays a role in vocal communication, and the hippocampus (HC), which is involved in the processing of spatial information. Our data demonstrate that active immunization against VIP reduces neuronal recruitment, inhibits reproduction, and induces molting, with no change in plasma prolactin levels. Thus, our observations suggest that VIP has a direct positive role in neuronal recruitment and reproduction in birds. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:2516–2528, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enzymatic degradation of fungal pigmentation from wall painting’s isolates
Authors: Marco A. , Moreira P. R. , Pintado M. , Vieira E. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractEnzymatic discolouration of extracellular pigments produced in liquid media by a selected fungal isolate from Portuguese mural paintings was attempted both in solution and on solid support. A promising versatile peroxidase from Bjerkandera adusta was tested and presented interesting discolouration ability, although smaller than the values obtained with the use of hydrogen peroxide alone. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 299–301, 2016
Color names, stimulus color, and their subjective links
Authors: Albertazzi Liliana , Da Pos Osvaldo 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe aim of the research reported by this study was on the one hand to identify what colors were associated with particular words in relation to a specific language (Italian), by portraying them in color stimuli on the screen of a monitor; and on the other hand to verify whether some words of that language denoted colors that were either particularly well defined or confused with others. In an experiment using special software, the subjects were asked to produce colors directly, instead of choosing among a number of colors presented on the screen. The results showed that (i) it is possible to identify the color‐stimuli to which the terms of a language refer; that (ii) the “best” colors Giallo (Yellow), Rosso (Red), Blu (Blue), and Verde (Green) which the subjects were requested to produce were very similar to the corresponding unique hues; that (iii) among the mixed hues there were perceptually intermediate colors, that is, ones exactly midway between two consecutive unique colors: Arancione (Orange) and Viola (bluish Purple); that (iv) Turquoise and Lime were clearly positioned in the mental space of color of the participants; and that (v) for Italian speakers some hues coincide: Azzurro (Azure) and Celeste (Cerulean); Arancione (Orange), RossoGiallo (RedYellow) and Carota (Carrot); Lime and GialloVerde (YellowGreen), so that their color terms can be considered synonyms. Our most interesting finding, however, is that for Italian speakers these four mixed colors with their specific names (Lime, Turchese (Turquoise), Viola (bluish Purple) and Arancione (Orange) fall perceptually in the middle of each of the four quadrants formed in the hue circle by the four unique hues. The resulting circle is therefore characterized by eight colors of which four are unique and four are intermediate mixed. It would be advisable to repeat the study cross‐culturally to test for possible similarities and differences in color meanings with speakers of different languages. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 42, 89–101, 2017
An analysis of human papillomavirus testing and endocervical component on pap tests: A pilot study using the Roche Cobas® assay
Authors: Pierce Kirsten J. , Currens Heather S. , Tafe Laura J. , Tsongalis Gregory J. , Padmanabhan Vijayalakshmi 
Published: January 2016

IntroductionHPV is known to have a predilection for infecting the transformation zone (TZ). Endocervical cells (EC) on a Pap test (PT) indicate that the cervical TZ has been sampled. Earlier repeat testing of women lacking EC is of little value in further detecting disease, thus a sample without EC is not necessarily inadequate. Both HPV testing and PT can be performed using a single sample; however, few studies have investigated the relationship between HPV results and TZ sampling.Materials and MethodsSpecimens were collected following the ThinPrep® liquid‐based PT protocol. The Roche Cobas® HPV test was performed on post‐aliquot samples. Data was collected retrospectively on 500 patients: 250 consecutive cases of EC− and 250 of EC+ on PT. To maintain uniformity, we included only cases diagnosed as negative (NILM). We compared HPV test results within each category. As a positive control, five consecutive cases each of LSIL and HSIL were also reviewed.ResultsOf NILM cases, 11 of 250 EC+ cases and 14 of 250 EC− cases were positive for hrHPV. HPV 16 was present in 5 of 11 EC + cases and in 1 of 14 EC− cases. Of LSIL cases, 1 of 5 EC+ cases was positive for hrHPV, and 2 of 5 EC− cases were positive for hrHPV. Of HSIL cases, 5 of 5 EC+ cases were hrHPV+. In the time period studied, only one case of EC− HSIL was found, which was positive for hrHPV.DiscussionAlthough our study did not prove a significant correlation between HPV testing results and EC on PT, more EC+ PTs were positive for HPV16 compared to EC− PTs. The absence of EC on PT does not appear to warrant re‐testing for HPV infection, though larger studies are required to determine the significance of low HPV 16 in PT without EC. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:280–282. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The influence of reduced light intensity on the response of benthic diatoms to herbicide exposure
Authors: Wood Rebecca J. , Mitrovic Simon M. , Lim Richard P. , Kefford Ben J. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Herbicide pollution events in aquatic ecosystems often coincide with increased turbidity and reduced light intensity. It is therefore important to determine whether reduced light intensity can influence herbicide toxicity, especially to primary producers such as benthic diatoms. Benthic diatoms collected from 4 rivers were exposed to herbicides in 48 h rapid toxicity tests under high light (100 µmol m−2 s−1) and low light (20 µmol m−2 s−1) intensities. The effects of 2 herbicides (atrazine and glyphosate) were assessed on 26 freshwater benthic diatom taxa. There was no significant interaction of light and herbicide effects at the community level or on the majority (22 of 26) of benthic diatom taxa. This indicates that low light levels will likely have only a minor influence on the response of benthic diatoms to herbicides. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2252–2260. © 2016 SETAC
Mixture toxicity and interactions of copper, nickel, cadmium, and zinc to barley at low effect levels: Something from nothing?
Authors: Versieren Liske , Evers Steffie , De Schamphelaere Karel , Blust Ronny , Smolders Erik 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Metal contamination is mostly a mixture of different metals, and these multicomponent mixtures can produce significant mixture effects. The present study was set up to investigate the toxicity of multiple metal mixtures of Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn to plants at metal doses individually causing low-level phytotoxic effects. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) root elongation toxicity tests were performed in resin-buffered nutrient solutions to control metal speciation. Treatments included single-metal concentrations and binary, ternary, and quaternary mixtures. Mixtures of different metals at free ion concentrations, each causing &lt;10% inhibition of root elongation, yielded significant mixture effects, with inhibition reaching up to 50%. The independent action (IA) model predicted mixture toxicity statistically better than the concentration addition (CA) model, but some synergisms relative to the IA model were observed. These synergisms relative to IA were most pronounced in quaternary mixtures and when the dose–response curves had steep slopes. Generally, antagonistic interactions relative to the CA model were observed. Increasing solution Zn concentrations shifted metal interactions (CA based) from additive or slightly synergistic at background Zn concentrations to antagonistic at higher Zn concentrations, suggesting a protective effect of Zn. Overall, the present study shows that the CA model can be used as a conservative model to predict metal mixture toxicity to barley. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2483–2492. © 2016 SETAC
Degradation and transformation of 17α-trenbolone in aerobic water–sediment systems
Authors: Robinson Joseph A. , Ma Qingli , Staveley Jane P. , Smolenski Walter J. , Ericson Jon 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Synovex® ONE is an extended-release implant containing the active ingredients estradiol benzoate and trenbolone acetate for use in beef steers and heifers. Trenbolone acetate is rapidly hydrolyzed in cattle to form 17β-trenbolone and its isomer, 17α-trenbolone, which are further transformed to a secondary metabolite, trendione. As part of the environmental assessment for the use of Synovex ONE, data were generated to characterize the fate of 17α-trenbolone, which is the principal metabolite found in cattle excreta, in the environment. A study was conducted to determine the degradation and transformation of [14C]-17α-trenbolone in 2 representative water–sediment systems under aerobic conditions. The same transformation products, 17β-trenbolone and trendione, were formed, principally in the sediment phase, in both systems. From the production of these transformation products, the 50% disappearance time (DT50) values of 17β-trenbolone and trendione were determined, along with the DT50 values of the parent compound and the total drug (17α-trenbolone + 17β-trenbolone + trendione). The DT50 values for the total system (aqueous and sediment phase) and for the total residues (17α-trenbolone + 17β-trenbolone + trendione) in the 2 systems were 34.7 d and 53.3 d, respectively. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:630–635. © 2016 SETAC
Sensitivity of six subantarctic marine invertebrates to common metal contaminants
Authors: Holan Jessica R. , King Catherine K. , Davis Andrew R. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

A long history of anthropogenic activities in the relatively pristine subantarctic has resulted in areas of accumulated waste and contaminants. Sensitivities to metals of subantarctic and Antarctic species may contrast with related species from temperate and tropical areas because of the unique characteristics of polar biota. In addition, response to contaminants may be delayed, and hence longer exposure periods may be required in toxicity tests with polar species. In the present study, the sensitivity of 6 common subantarctic marine invertebrates to copper, zinc, and cadmium contaminants was determined. Large variations in sensitivities, both between species and between metals within species, were found. The bivalve Gaimardia trapesina and the copepod Harpacticus sp. were the most sensitive to copper, with 7-d median lethal concentration (LC50) values for both species ranging between 28 μg/L and 62 μg/L, whereas the copepod Tigriopus angulatus was the most tolerant of copper (7-d Cu LC50 1560 μg/L). Sensitivity to zinc varied by approximately 1 order of magnitude between species (7-d LC50: 329–3057 μg/L). Sensitivity to cadmium also varied considerably between species, with 7-d LC50 values ranging from 1612 μg/L to &gt;4383 μg/L. The present study is the first to report the sensitivity of subantarctic marine invertebrate to metals, and contributes significantly to the understanding of latitudinal gradients in the sensitivity of biota to metals. Although sensitivity is highly variable between species, in a global comparison of copepod data, it appears that species from higher latitudes may be more sensitive to copper. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2245–2251. © 2016 SETAC
Evaluation of different fermentation processes for use by small cocoa growers in mexico
Authors: Hernández‐ Hernández C. , López‐Andrade Procopio Alejandro , Ramírez‐Guillermo Miguel A. , Guerra Ramírez Diana , Caballero Pérez Juan F. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe aim of this research was to evaluate four different cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) fermentation conditions and their effect on fermented bean quality, in order to be able to recommend the most suitable condition to producers in the municipality of Huimanguillo, Tabasco, Mexico. Fermentations were carried out in square wooden boxes with capacity for 1000, 300, and 100 kg of fresh beans, as well as a rotary drum with capacity for 500 kg thereof. The fermentation process was carried out for 7 days, and the response variables measured were mass temperature, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, and acidity. The TSS were totally depleted after 2 days, during which time the yeasts transformed them into ethanol at temperatures of 25–35°C. The most notable temperature increase in the four treatments was 49°C on the third day, corresponding to a decrease in pH from 6.31 ± 0.40 to 4.76 ± 0.03 and an increase in acidity from 0.38 ± 0.04 to 1.17 ± 0.25 g kg−1, due to the formation of organic acids. There were no significant differences among the four treatments (Tukey α = 0.05). The cut test showed that fermentation in 300‐ and 100‐kg boxes and in the 500‐kg rotary drum produced the same effect on fermentation quality, but the 1000‐kg boxes exhibited lower quality (Tukey α = 0.05).