bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality Associated With Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Gerber Yariv , Weston Susan A. , Enriquez-Sarano Maurice , Berardi Cecilia , Chamberlain Alanna M. , Manemann Sheila M. , Jiang Ruoxiang , Dunlay Shannon M. , Roger Véronique L. 
Published: December 2015

Background—
Contemporary data are lacking on the prognostic importance of heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI). We evaluated the prognostic impact of HF post MI according to preserved/reduced ejection fraction and the timing of its occurrence.

Methods and Results—

All Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents (n=2596) with incident MI diagnosed in 1990 to 2010 and no prior HF were followed through March 2013. Cox models were used to examine (1) the hazard ratios for death associated with HF type and timing and (2) secular trends in survival by HF status. During a mean follow-up of 7.6 years, there were 1116 deaths, 634 in the 902 patients who developed HF (70%) and 482 in the 1694 patients who did not develop HF (28%). After adjustment for age and sex, HF as a time-dependent variable was strongly associated with mortality (hazard ratio =3.31, 95% confidence interval: 2.93–3.75), particularly from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio =4.20, 95% confidence interval: 3.50–5.03). Further adjustment for MI severity and comorbidity, acute treatment, and recurrent MI moderately attenuated these associations (hazard ratio =2.49 and 2.94 for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively). Mortality did not differ by ejection fraction, but was higher for delayed- versus early-onset HF (
P
for heterogeneity =0.002). The age- and sex-adjusted 5-year survival estimates in 2001 to 2010 versus 1990 to 2000 were 82% and 81% among HF-free and 61% and 54% among HF patients, respectively (
P
for heterogeneity of trends =0.05).

Conclusions—
HF markedly increases the risk of death after MI. This excess risk is similar regardless of ejection fraction but greater for delayed- versus early-onset HF. Mortality after MI declined over time, primarily as a result of improved HF survival.
Cost‐Effectiveness of a Statewide Campaign to Promote Aspirin Use for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Michaud Tzeyu L. , Abraham Jean , Jalal Hawre , Luepker Russell V. , Duval Sue , Hirsch Alan T. 
Published: December 2015

Background

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force in 2009 recommended increased aspirin use for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) in men ages 45 to 79 years and women ages 55 to 79 years for whom benefit outweighs risk. This study estimated the clinical efficacy and cost‐effectiveness of a statewide public and health professional awareness campaign to increase regular aspirin use among the target population in Minnesota to reduce first
CVD
events.

Methods and Results

A state‐transition Markov model was developed, adopting a payer perspective and lifetime time horizon. The main outcomes of interest were quality‐adjusted life years, costs, and the number of
CVD
events averted among those without a prior
CVD
history. The model was based on real‐world data about campaign effectiveness from representative state‐specific aspirin use and event rates, and estimates from the scholarly literature. Implementation of a campaign was predicted to avert 9874 primary myocardial infarctions in men and 1223 primary ischemic strokes in women in the target population. Increased aspirin use was associated with as many as 7222 more major gastrointestinal bleeding episodes. The cost‐effectiveness analysis indicated cost‐saving results for both the male and female target populations.

Conclusions

Using current U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations, a state public and health professional awareness campaign would likely provide clinical benefit and be economically attractive. With clinician adjudication of individual benefit and risk, mechanisms can be made available that would facilitate achievement of aspirin's beneficial impact on lowering risk of primary
CVD
events, with minimization of adverse outcomes.
Sarcospan Regulates Cardiac Isoproterenol Response and Prevents Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy–Associated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Parvatiyar Michelle S. , Marshall Jamie L. , Nguyen Reginald T. , Jordan Maria C. , Richardson Vanitra A. , Roos Kenneth P. , Crosbie‐Watson Rachelle H. 
Published: December 2015

Background

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a fatal cardiac and skeletal muscle disease resulting from mutations in the dystrophin gene. We have previously demonstrated that a dystrophin‐associated protein, sarcospan (
SSPN
), ameliorated Duchenne muscular dystrophy skeletal muscle degeneration by activating compensatory pathways that regulate muscle cell adhesion (laminin‐binding) to the extracellular matrix. Conversely, loss of
SSPN
destabilized skeletal muscle adhesion, hampered muscle regeneration, and reduced force properties. Given the importance of
SSPN
to skeletal muscle, we investigated the consequences of
SSPN
ablation in cardiac muscle and determined whether overexpression of
SSPN
into
mdx
mice ameliorates cardiac disease symptoms associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy cardiomyopathy.

Methods and Results

SSPN
‐null mice exhibited cardiac enlargement, exacerbated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and increased fibrosis in response to β‐adrenergic challenge (isoproterenol; 0.8 mg/day per 2 weeks). Biochemical analysis of
SSPN
‐null cardiac muscle revealed reduced sarcolemma localization of many proteins with a known role in cardiomyopathy pathogenesis: dystrophin, the sarcoglycans (α‐, δ‐, and γ‐subunits), and β1D integrin. Transgenic overexpression of
SSPN
in Duchenne muscular dystrophy mice (
mdx

TG

) improved cardiomyofiber cell adhesion, sarcolemma integrity, cardiac functional parameters, as well as increased expression of compensatory transmembrane proteins that mediate attachment to the extracellular matrix.

Conclusions

SSPN
regulates sarcolemmal expression of laminin‐binding complexes that are critical to cardiac muscle function and protects against transient and chronic injury, including inherited cardiomyopathy.
ALTINORDU, F. &amp; FERRER-GALLEGO, P.P. (2015) Typification of the Linnaean name Centaurea crocodylium (Asteraceae). Phytotaxa 236 (3): 299–300.
Authors: ALTINORDU FAHIM , FERRER-GALLEGO PEDRO PABLO 
Published: December 2015

Centaurea crocodylium Linnaeus (1753: 919) is found in Mediterranean woodlands and shrublands, in Palestine, Jordan, Syria, Israel and Lebanon (see Greuter 2006 onwards), and is currently sometimes accepted under the illegitimate name Crocodylium syriacum Cass. in Cuvier (1819: 19, as Crocodilium syriacum) (see Garcia-Jacas et al. 2001; Font et al. 2002; Wang et al. 2013), the correct name for which is Crocodilium crocodylium (Linnaeus 1753: 919) Hill (1769: 63). This species is an annual plant with the simple, entire basal leaves and the upper leaves pinnatisect with 2–3 pairs of lateral segments and larger terminal segment with dentate margine, long-pedunculate capitula and bracts with hyaline appendages and ending in simple spines.
Four new species of Bauhinia sect. Pauletia and a new description of Bauhinia burchellii Bentham (Leguminosae) from Brazil
Authors: Vaz Angela Maria Studart da Fonseca , LEWIS GWILYM P. 
Published: December 2015

Four new species of Bauhinia sect. Pauletia ser. Cansenia from Brazil are described: Bauhinia funchiana, Bauhinia malmeana, Bauhinia piresii and Bauhinia uberlandiana. All four are trees or treelets lacking tendrils and prickles. Flowers are arranged in pairs in pseudoracemes, each flower has a tubular hypanthium over 1.5 cm long and a calyx that is lobed at anthesis. In addition, the buds and flowers of B. burchellii are described for the first time.
Hermeneutyka i teoria intertekstualności jako metodologia badań modernizmu w poezji serbskiej drugiej połowy XX w. na przykładzie cyklu „Deset soneta nerođenoj kćeri" Ivana V. Lalicia
Authors: Maszkiewicz Magdalena 
Published: December 2015

<p><strong>Hermeneutics and the theory of intertextuality as a method of researching modernism in Serbian poetry of the second half of the 20th century on the example of poetic cycle <em>Deset soneta nerođenoj kćeri</em> by Ivan V. Lalić</strong></p><p>The aim of this paper is to show that hermeneutics and the theory of intertextuality provide useful tools for the research in post-war Serbian modernism in poetry. The argumentation takes two steps. Firstly, the use of these methods is being legitimized in the context of general characteristics of the literature under consideration. Secondly, the functioning of such tools is presented in the example of a particular text, which in this case is <em>Deset sonata nerođenoj kćeri</em> ['Ten Sonnets for The Unborn Daughter'], a poetic cycle by Ivan V. Lalić. The kind of poetry researched in this paper is strongly influenced by the ideas of T. S. Eliot who said that an original literary work is the result of the author’s awareness of his place in tradition. For this reason such poetry contains numerous cultural and literary references which are an inevitable context of its interpretation. A hermeneutic and intertextual approach helps to expose such references and make them part of the process of understanding the poetry in question.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Hermeneutyka i teoria intertekstualności jako metodologia badań modernizmu w poezji serbskiej drugiej połowy XX w. na przykładzie cyklu Deset soneta nerođenoj kćeri Ivana V. Lalicia</strong></p><p>Zadaniem pracy jest wykazanie, że hermeneutyka i teoria intertekstualności dostarczają narzędzi do badania poezji powojennego modernizmu serbskiego. Argumentacja opiera się na uzasadnieniu użycia tych metod najpierw w świetle ogólnej charakterystyki omawianej twórczości, a następnie na podstawie ich funkcjonowania w interpretacji konkretnego tekstu będącego jej typowym przykładem (cykl Ivana V. Lalicia Deset soneta nerođenoj kćeri). Poezja będąca przedmiotem zainteresowania tej pracy pozostaje pod silnym wpływem poglądów Thomasa S. Eliota, według którego oryginalna twórczość powinna wynikać ze zrozumienia przez autora swojego miejsca w tradycji. To powód występowania w omawianych utworach licznych nawiązań kulturowych i literackich, które stanowią kontekst niezbędny do interpretacji tej twórczości. Podejście hermeneutyczne i metody teorii intertekstualności pozwalają te elementy wydobyć i uwzględnić w rozumieniu sensu tekstu.</p>
Best strategies for reducing the suicide rate in Australia
Authors: Krysinska Karolina , Batterham Philip J , Tye Michelle , Shand Fiona , Calear Alison L , Cockayne Nicole , Christensen Helen 
Published: December 2015

Objectives: There is accumulating evidence about effectiveness of a number of suicide prevention interventions, and a multilevel systems approach seems promising in reducing suicide risk. This approach requires that components ranging from individual-level to public health interventions are implemented simultaneously in a localised region. This paper presents estimated reductive effects on suicide attempts and deaths that might be expected in Australia if active components of the systems approach were to be implemented. Method: The study estimated population preventable fractions which indicate the extent to which suicide attempts and deaths might be decreased if the each of the proposed interventions was fully implemented. The population preventable fractions were based on the best available evidence available in the literature for the risk ratio for each intervention. Prevalence estimates were assessed for each component of the proposed systems approach: reducing access to suicide means, media guidelines, public health campaigns, gatekeeper programmes, school programmes, general practitioner training, psychotherapy and co-ordinated/assertive aftercare. Results: There was insufficient evidence available for the impact of a number of strategies, including frontline staff gatekeeper training, on either suicide attempts or deaths. Taking prevalence of exposure to the intervention into consideration, the strategies likely to bring about the strongest reduction in suicide attempts were psychosocial treatments and co-ordinated/assertive aftercare. The greatest impact on reductions in suicide deaths was found for psychosocial treatment, general practitioner training, gatekeeper training and reducing access to means of suicide. Conclusion: The evidence regarding the overall efficacy of the systems approach is important in identifying what strategies should be prioritised to achieve the biggest impact. The findings of the population preventable fraction calculations indicate that the systems approach could lead to significant reduction in suicide attempts and suicide deaths in Australia. Potential synergistic effects between strategies included in the approach could further increase the impact of implemented strategies.
The trajectory of cognitive functioning following first episode mania: A 12-month follow-up study
Authors: Daglas Rothanthi , Allott Kelly , Yücel Murat , Pantelis Christos , Macneil Craig A. , Berk Michael , Cotton Sue M. 
Published: December 2015

Objectives: Cognitive deficits are apparent in the early stages of bipolar disorder; however, the timing and trajectory of cognitive functioning following a first episode of mania remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the trajectory of cognitive functioning in people following a first episode of mania over a 12-month period, relative to healthy controls. Method: The cohort included 61 participants who had recently stabilised from a first treated manic episode, and 21 demographically similar healthy controls. These groups were compared on changes observed over time using an extensive cognitive battery, over a 12-month follow-up period. Results: A significant group by time interaction was observed in one measure of processing speed (Trail Making Test – part A,) and immediate verbal memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test – trial 1), with an improved performance in people following a first episode of mania relative to healthy controls. On the contrary, there was a significant group by time interaction observed on another processing speed task pertaining to focussed reaction time (Go/No-Go, missed go responses), with first episode of mania participants performing significantly slower in comparison with healthy controls. Furthermore, a significant group by time interaction was observed in inhibitory effortful control (Stroop effect), in which healthy controls showed an improvement over time relative to first episode of mania participants. There were no other significant interactions of group by time related to other measures of cognition over the 12-month period. Conclusion: Our findings revealed cognitive change in processing speed, immediate memory and one measure of executive functioning over a 12-month period in first episode of mania participants relative to healthy controls. There was no evidence of change over time for all other cognitive domains. Further studies focussed on the at-risk period, subgroup analysis, and the effects of medication on the cognitive trajectory following first episode of mania are needed.
Energy benchmarking in UK commercial kitchens
Authors: Mudie Samantha 
Published: December 2015

Commercial kitchens are some of the most profligate users of gas and electricity in the UK and can leave a large carbon footprint. Categorising these types of establishments is challenging. New datasets of pub and restaurant energy performance metrics are presented. A preliminary study analyses annual electricity use data from automated meter readings from a large UK operator for the purpose of benchmarking and discusses it in terms of factors such as premises size and food output. The study finds that currently published benchmarks require updating. A wider subsequent study then applies the most useful benchmarking methodology to the majority of the UK’s managed pub and restaurant estate. From the analysed results, consumption is found to be much larger than previous sector estimates; 7.52 TWh compared with 0.02 TWh per year. Recommendations are made to further improve the current benchmarks in order to attain robust, reliable and transparent figures, such as the introduction of performance indicators to include number of meals, kitchen size (m2) and kWh per pound turnover. A new universal energy use benchmark of 0.37 kWh/£(turnover) is established for commercial kitchens. Practical application: The methods and results outlined in this publication enable operators within the hospitality sector to compare their energy efficiency against the wider sector and understand how and where to improve their energy performance. The results allow building service engineers and designers at the design phase of new builds to take more accurate account of the projected energy use of the premises in its use phase by using more modern and relevant benchmarks. This in turn should assist in reducing the current performance gap. A modern and large sample size is used in forming the benchmarks, making this work very applicable to modern industrial practice.
Inpatient Pediatric Tonsillectomy
Authors: Raol Nikhila , Zogg Cheryl K. , Boss Emily F. , Weissman Joel S. 
Published: December 2015

ObjectiveTo ascertain whether hospital type is associated with differences in total cost and outcomes for inpatient tonsillectomy.Study DesignCross‐sectional analysis of the 2006, 2009, and 2012 Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID).Subjects and MethodsChildren ≤18 years of age undergoing tonsillectomy with/without adenoidectomy were included. Risk‐adjusted generalized linear models assessed for differences in hospital cost and length of stay (LOS) among children managed by (1) non–children’s teaching hospitals (NCTHs), (2) children’s teaching hospitals (CTHs), and (3) nonteaching hospitals (NTHs). Risk‐adjusted logistic regression compared the odds of major perioperative complications (hemorrhage, respiratory failure, death). Models accounted for clustering of patients within hospitals, were weighted to provide national estimates, and controlled for comorbidities.ResultsThe 25,685 tonsillectomies recorded in the KID yielded a national estimate of 40,591 inpatient tonsillectomies performed in 2006, 2009, and 2012. The CTHs had significantly higher risk‐adjusted total cost and LOS per tonsillectomy compared with NCTHs and NTHs ($9423.34/2.8 days, $6250.78/2.11 days, and $5905.10/2.08 days, respectively; P <. 001). The CTHs had higher odds of complications compared with NCTHs (odds ratio [OR], 1.48; 95% CI, 1.15‐1.91; P =. 002) but not when compared with NTHs (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.89‐1.59; P =. 23). The CTHs were significantly more likely to care for patients with comorbidities (P <. 001).ConclusionSignificant differences in costs, outcomes, and patient factors exist for inpatient tonsillectomy based on hospital type. Although reasons for these differences are not discernable using isolated claims data, findings provide a foundation to further evaluate patient, institutional, and system‐level factors that may reduce cost of care and improve value for inpatient tonsillectomy.
Laryngeal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Marchiano Emily , Chin Oliver Y. , Fang Christina H. , Park Richard Chan , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: December 2015

ObjectiveAdenoid cystic carcinoma is a malignant minor salivary gland tumor that represents <1% of all laryngeal tumors. The submucosal location of laryngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma (LACC) results in delayed presentation. Here, we present the first systematic review of reported cases of LACC to determine trends in presentation, diagnostic and treatment modalities, and patient outcome.Data SourcesPubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases.MethodsA search of the above databases was done to identify articles reporting cases of LACC. The variables included in the analysis were patient demographics, presenting symptoms, tumor location, imaging, treatment, follow‐up time, recurrence, and outcome.ResultsA total of 50 articles and 120 cases were included in the review. The most common presenting symptom was dyspnea (48.8%), followed by hoarseness (43.9%). LACC arose most frequently from the subglottis (56.7%). At presentation, 14.6% (13 of 89) of patients had regional disease. The average follow‐up time was 54.0 months. At follow‐up, distant metastasis was reported in 30 cases (33.3%). Surgery alone (43.3%) and surgery with radiotherapy (43.3%) were used most frequently and resulted in 57.1% and 55.3% of patients alive with no evidence disease at follow‐up, respectively.ConclusionLACC was most often located in the subglottis. Patients commonly presented with dyspnea and hoarseness. In this systematic review, surgery with radiotherapy and surgery alone were the most commonly employed treatment modalities, and both resulted in slightly more than 50% of patients alive with no evidence of disease at follow‐up.
Strategies for increasing the intensity of upper limb task-specific practice after acquired brain impairment: A secondary analysis from a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ross Leo F , Harvey Lisa A , Lannin Natasha A 
Published: December 2015

Introduction Patients with acquired brain impairments require intensive, task-specific training to maximise upper limb recovery. Current evidence suggests, however, that they rarely achieve this. The purpose of this study was to describe the amount of practice that can be achieved by patients with acquired brain impairment during intensive upper limb treatment within a public hospital, and to examine the strategies used by therapists to maximise practice. Method A secondary analysis was conducted using data from a previously published randomised trial. The training received by 20 people with acquired brain impairment over the 6-week trial period was recorded. The strategies used by therapists to maximise practice were also noted. Results Over the 6-week period, 45 hours of upper limb training was provided. The median (interquartile range) amount of actual practice achieved by patients was 59 (54–63) minutes per day, with a median (interquartile range) of 186 (50–330) repetitions of active movement. Patients’ practice was maximised through the use of task-specific feedback, practice books, counters, environmental cues and stopwatches. In addition, therapists provided coaching as well as ensuring tasks were goal-oriented, measurable and patient-driven. Conclusion Described strategies enabled patients with acquired brain impairment to practise upper limb tasks at intensities greater than currently reported in the literature.