bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is the identity of Gerota fascia? Histological study with cadavers
Authors: Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Edamura Kohei , Sadahira Takuya , Tominaga Yusuke , Katayama Satoshi , Iwata Takehiro , Nishimura Shingo , Kobayashi Tomoko , Sato Keita , Komiyama Takaaki , Momota Ryusuke , Ohuchi Hideyo , Araki Motoo 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesThe advancement of laparoscopic surgery has allowed surgeons to see finer anatomical structures during surgery. As a result, several issues have arisen regarding Gerota fascia that cannot be explained by previous interpretations, such as its various forms observed during surgery. To address these issues, we histologically examined the structure of Gerota fascia.MethodsSpecimens for study were prepared from kidneys with Gerota fascia from four cadavers, and the structure was studied histologically. Its thickness and collagen fiber area ratios were measured using ImageJ and compared to those of the epimysium of the rectus abdominis muscle.ResultsConnective tissue that appeared to be Gerota fascia was observed in 26 specimens. Histologically, the basic structure of Gerota fascia was a sandwich‐like structure with a thin layer of thick, long collagen fibers in the central layer, and small granular collagen fibers scattered at the edges. However, not all areas observed had a similar structure; eight specimens were composed only of small granular collagen fibers. The average thickness of the Gerota fascia was 466 μm, and the area ratio of collagen was 27.1%. In contrast, the epimysium was much thicker than Gerota fascia, and its collagen fibers were much thicker and denser.ConclusionsGerota fascia, unlike the epimysium, was a very thin and fragile layer of collagen fibers, and its structure was diverse. This explains why Gerota fascia was observed in various states during surgery. It is important for surgeons to understand the properties of Gerota fascia and to treat it appropriately.
Dislocation‐induced local symmetry reduction in single‐crystal KNbO3 observed by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Drechsler Felix , Himcinschi Cameliu , Preuß Oliver , Fang Xufei , Kortus Jens 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent years, dislocation‐tuned functionalized ceramics have become one of the focal points of modern materials research due to their outstanding properties. These range from improved electrical conductivity and ferroelectric properties to dislocation‐enhanced toughening and superconductivity, caused by local strain fields. The aim of this work is to investigate the dislocation‐induced structural changes in single‐crystal KNbO3 by micro‐Raman spectroscopy. Dislocation‐rich regions with tailored densities have been generated using the Brinell indenter scratching method. The influence of the dislocations on the single‐crystal structure can be observed in the Raman spectra. The activation of additional Raman modes is observed, which does not occur in regions of low dislocation density. This observation is confirmed by DFT calculations of vibrational modes and is attributed to a reduction in the crystal symmetry due to increased defect densities in plastically deformed KNbO3. In addition, an increase in compressive stress at higher dislocation densities can be demonstrated by a blueshift in Raman mode positions.
Influence of BN microstructure on oxidation of SiC/BN/SiC composites
Authors: Christensen Victoria L. , Gavalda‐Diaz Oriol , Skillett Ryan , Prentice Calvin , Begley Matthew R. , Zok Frank W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of boron nitride (BN) coating characteristics on the subsurface oxidation behavior of SiC/SiC composites in high‐temperature, water‐rich environments. Three types of coatings were examined: a crystalline stoichiometric BN, an amorphous BN, and a Si‐doped amorphous BN, the latter two containing 5–10 at% of oxygen and carbon. High‐resolution imaging and chemical analysis techniques were used to probe microstructural changes after oxidation at 1000°C for 1 or 12 h in flowing 20 vol% H2O, focusing on effects of coating thickness. Complementary chemical thermodynamic calculations and models for reaction‐ and transport‐controlled recession were used to interpret the experimental findings. Crystalline BN coatings produce open recession channels without forming borosilicate glass, a consequence of carbothermal reduction arising from C/CO produced through concomitant SiC oxidation. The combination of active oxidation and the relatively thick coatings in this system (ca. 1 µm) leads to a recession rate controlled by the intrinsic BN volatilization rate rather than the rate of gas transport. In contrast, amorphous coatings, both undoped and Si‐doped, readily oxidize to form borosilicate glasses that replace the BN. Broadly, the recession lengths increase with coating thickness. In the early stages, while the glass is boria‐rich and thus permeable to environmental oxidants, recession is controlled by the BN oxidation rate. As boria volatilizes, the silica concentration in the glass increases, eventually reaching the saturation limit and precipitating solid silica on the internal surfaces, essentially arresting further recession.
Kahoot! Game‐based digital learning platform: A comprehensive meta‐analysis
Authors: Özdemir Osman 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, the widespread use of technology in classrooms has encouraged the transition from traditional lecture methods to digital‐based learning environments. Technological game‐based learning platforms, such as Kahoot!, which are used to encourage students' active participation and interaction in learning environments, are used significantly by teachers and students in educational environments worldwide.ObjectivesThis article aims to examine the effects of Kahoot, a digital learning platform, on education through meta‐analysis. This meta‐analysis provides a holistic understanding of the potential impact of Kahoot on education by synthesizing the results of various experimental studies. This study evaluates the influence of Kahoot on key educational variables, such as academic achievement, retention, motivation, anxiety and attitude, which are essential for enhancing teaching methods and optimizing learning environments.MethodsThe study conducted a meta‐analysis following the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA). A total of 43 studies that met the specified criteria were included in the sample, providing a comprehensive overview of the impact of Kahoot across different contexts. The sample was n = 1706 for the experimental group and n = 1647 for the control group.Results and ConclusionThe findings from the meta‐analysis indicate that Kahoot has a significant moderate positive effect on academic achievement, with an average effect size of 0.772 (95%CI: 0.540–1.004). The analysis also shows a very large positive effect on retention, with an average effect size of 1.492, suggesting that students using Kahoot tend to have significantly higher retention compared with those who do not. For motivation, Kahoot demonstrates a large positive effect, with an average effect size of 0.960, indicating that students using Kahoot tend to be more motivated. The impact on anxiety is less clear, with a small negative effect size of −0.338, suggesting a moderate reduction in anxiety levels among students using Kahoot. Lastly, Kahoot appears to have a medium positive effect on students' attitudes towards learning, with an average effect size of 0.678.TakeawaysThese results underscore the potential of Kahoot as an effective educational tool. The results of this study provide valuable guiding information for educators and policy makers by helping to optimize teaching methods and learning environments through the effective use of digital tools, such as Kahoot. The findings suggest that Kahoot can increase academic achievement, retention, motivation and attitudes and potentially reduce anxiety, making it a promising digital tool for modern educational practice.
The compassionate care framework plus quality control group improves the quality of postoperative nursing management for patients in anorectal surgery: An observational study
Authors: Li Peiyao , Liu Jieping , Li Dan , Wang Lin , Yu Guoshuang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the joint application of the compassionate care framework (CCF) and a quality control (QC) team in improving the quality of postoperative nursing management for patients in anorectal surgery.MethodsPatients who underwent anorectal surgery at the China–Japan Friendship Hospital between May 2022 and December 2022 were selected by convenience sampling. A digital random generator was used for random grouping. The odd numbers entered the control group (n = 53) and the even numbers entered the study group (n = 53). The control group received postoperative traditional nursing, and the study group received postoperative nursing and QC team management. A questionnaire survey was used to analyse patients' satisfaction with nursing. The two groups were compared for nursing quality scores, patient satisfaction with nursing care and incidence of complications.ResultsAfter management, compared with the control group, the study group scored significantly higher for the nursing process, environmental management, emergency response and safety protection (p < 0.05 for all). The study group also exhibited higher satisfaction scores with the nursing process, nurse‐patient relationship and service attitude compared with the control group (p < 0.05 for all). The complication incidence rate in the study group was significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe combined use of the CCF and a QC team can effectively improve the quality of postoperative nursing management for patients in anorectal surgery, reduce the incidence of complications and enhance patient satisfaction with nursing care, thus holding significant potential for wider application.
The effect of social support and parental monitoring on glycaemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Aydın Ayla İrem , Öztaş Gülay , Atak Meryem , Özyazıcıoğlu Nurcan , Sağlam Halil 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRationaleGlycaemic control is a crucial aspect of managing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Strict glycaemic control has been proven to reduce the long‐term complications of the disease.AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of parental involvement in diabetes care and social support on glycaemic control in adolescents with T1DM.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 94 adolescents and their parents admitted to a university hospital between January and July 2023 were included in the study. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (PMDC‐R) and Parental Monitoring Scale (MSPSS) in Diabetes Care of Adolescents with T1DM were used as data collection tools.ResultsFemales constituted 63.8% of the adolescents who participated in the study and the glycaemic control of females was significantly lower than males (p < 0.05). The mean HbA1c of the adolescents was 8.65 + 1.57. In the study, PMDC‐R and MSPSS scores of adolescents with good and poor glycaemic control were compared. The PMDC‐R of the good control group were statistically significantly higher than the poor control group (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the MSPSS scores.ConclusionParental supervision plays a protective role in adolescents, and glycaemic control is better as parental supervision increases. Paediatric nurses should collaborate with parents in diabetes management. This approach may help adolescents to be more successful in diabetes management.
Ensemble approach for predicting the diagnosis of osteoarthritis using physical activity factors
Authors: Gwak Gyeong‐tae , Kim Jun‐hee , Hwang Ui‐jae , Jung Sung‐hoon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease of the joints. Risk factors for OA include non‐modifiable factors such as age and sex, as well as modifiable factors like physical activity.Objectivesthis study aimed to construct a soft voting ensemble model to predict OA diagnosis using variables related to individual characteristics and physical activity and identify important variables in constructing the model through permutation importance.MethodsBy using the recursive feature elimination, cross‐validated technique, the variables with the best predictive performance were selected among variables, and an ensemble model combining RandomForest, XGBoost, and LightGBM algorithms was constructed. The predictive performance and permutation importance of each variable were evaluated.ResultsThe variables selected to construct the model were age, sex, grip strength, and quality of life, and the accuracy of the ensemble model was 0.828. The most important variable in constructing the model was age (0.199), followed by grip strength (0.053), quality of life (0.043), and sex (0.034).ConclusionThe performance of the model for predicting OA was relatively good. If this model is continuously used and updated, it could be used to predict OA diagnosis, and the predictive performance of the OA model may be further improved.
Emotions and difficulties experienced by parents of children with autism: A qualitative study
Authors: Uysal Gülzade , Karakul Atiye , Düzkaya Duygu Sönmez 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRationaleThis study was performed to determine the difficulties experienced by the parents of children with autism.MethodsA qualitative method was used to determine the difficulties experienced by the parents. The sample of the study consisted of parents with 24 children with autism who met the inclusion criteria. The data were analysed by the MAXQDA qualitative data analysis programme in accordance with Colaizzi's seven‐stage method.ResultsTotal of 5 themes and 29 codes were gathered in line with the data obtained from the interviews. Five main themes of the interviews emerged; emotions experienced by parents; adaptation to family life; difficulty in social relationships; limited opportunity for entertainment/activity and financial difficulty. Parents whose income were less than or equal to their expenses particularly stated that they had economic difficulties in the transportation of their children to places such as hospitals/schools/special education.ConclusionIn accordance with the findings of this study, it was determined that almost all of the parents with a child diagnosed with autism experienced sadness, denial, shock, depression, self‐blame in the period when their children were first diagnosed, and later accepted the disease. In addition, it was detected that parents had difficulties in family relations, social relations, entertainment/activity and economic aspects.
The Pathology and Blood Biochemistry of Juvenile Lates calcarifer on Diets Contaminated With Mycotoxins, Histamines and Rancid Fats—A Case Study
Authors: Kwok Aidan , Domingos Jose A. , Oh Joseph , Chan Piero , Ong Joyce J. L. , Nankervis Leo , Ling Jeffrey , Nichol Robert , Gibson‐Kueh Susan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMycotoxins, originating from contaminated raw materials or suboptimal feed storage, are a growing concern in tropical aquaculture. Common fungi such as Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. produce mycotoxins including aflatoxin, fumonisin, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. High doses or prolonged exposure (weeks) to low doses of these mycotoxins (< 20 μg/kg) can depress growth, immunity, and cause mortality. This study investigated poor growth and low survival in juvenile Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer fed two different diets (FM40 and ABS3) for 5 weeks. Analysis of these diets revealed high peroxide values, multiple mycotoxins and high histamine levels. Fish fed the FM40 diet, which was contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (13.2 μg/kg), aflatoxin B2 (1.9 μg/kg), deoxynivalenol (29.5 μg/kg), alternariol (2.2 μg/kg), elevated peroxide value (45.91 mEq/kg), and histamine (129.51 mg/kg) developed mild bile duct hyperplasia, depressed total serum proteins (50.40 ± 10.06 g/L), markedly elevated blood potassium (8.2 ± 0.18 mmol/L), and heavy iron deposits in splenic melanomacrophage centres (Perl's stain) indicative of increased haemolysis. The presence of multiple cytotoxic mycotoxins in FM40 diet could explain the increased haemolysis and elevated blood potassium. In contrast, fish fed the ABS3 diet, which had high histamine levels (210.05 mg/kg), exhibited protein‐losing nephropathy with multifocal fibrin plugs (Martius scarlet blue stain) indicating acute renal damage, and elevated blood calcium and phosphorus levels. Histamine is metabolised and excreted through the kidneys and known to induce renal arteriolar constriction, disrupt glomerular filtration barrier and increase permeability resulting in protein loss. This study shows that blood biochemistry and histopathology are useful diagnostic tools for assessing the impact of mycotoxins and histamines on fish health.
“Running on goodwill and fairydust” – Midwives' experiences of facilitating and delivering local breastfeeding support via Facebook groups: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Morse Holly , Brown Amy , Grant Aimee 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundFacebook groups providing breastfeeding support are widespread. Some are created and/or facilitated by midwives, but little is known about their motivations or experiences. The present study aimed to examine how midwives involved in providing breastfeeding support via local Breastfeeding support Facebook (BSF) groups perceive the value of this provision and their experiences of creating these services and engaging with mothers online.MethodsParticipants were recruited through Facebook advertising and snowballing techniques. UK registered midwives with experience of providing breastfeeding support via Facebook groups were eligible. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted using Microsoft Teams/Zoom with nine midwives between July and September 2021. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted.ResultsThree themes, each with three subthemes, were identified: (1) Imperatives and Value; (2) Goodwill & Lack of Resources; and (3) Community of Practice. Theme 1 described groups as necessary for meeting current mothers' needs and improving low breastfeeding rates. Theme 2 highlighted that BSF groups rely on voluntary work by midwives and peer supporters, with sustainability and recognition of their efforts being major concerns. Theme 3 showed that BSF groups function as communities of practice, offering social learning opportunities and benefits for midwives.ConclusionsMidwives became involved in delivering online support motivated by a belief in the value of this provision, but acted as volunteers and felt unsupported by wider services. This has impacts for the sustainability of this provision regardless of its value. However, midwives reported significant benefits from involvement. Thus, there is a need for services to provide additional guidance and investment.
Determinants of stunting among children under 5 years in Bangladesh: a quantile regression analysis
Authors: Badhan Taib Hasan , Zahangir Mohammad Salim , Hoq Mohammad Nazmul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundChild undernutrition is a major public health problem in developing countries that contributes to increased incidence of morbidity and mortality. Stunting is a valid and widely acknowledged measure of chronic child malnutrition.MethodsThis study extracted data of 7778 under‐5 children from the 2017–2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey and aims to explore the relationship between socio‐demographic factors and the nutritional status of children under the age of 5. The anthropometric indicator height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ) was used as the target variable. The quantile regression method was employed to examine the heterogeneous relationship between the covariates and the conditional HAZ distribution across five different quantiles.ResultsThis study found that 31.4% of children were severely to moderately stunted and a negative association between children's age and their HAZ. Additionally, children whose mothers had attained at least a secondary education exhibited a positive correlation with their HAZ. Another important factor was the mother's body mass index, which had a two‐fold effect on the HAZ. Among the administrative divisions, children from the Sylhet division exhibited a negative association with the HAZ. Additionally, children with a high wealth index exhibited a positive association with the HAZ.ConclusionsCollaborative efforts from different organisations, as well as small and large communities in rural and urban areas, are necessary to improve nutritional status of children in Bangladesh.
Sulfur metabolism under stress: Oxidized glutathione inhibits methionine biosynthesis by destabilizing the enzyme cystathionine γ‐synthase
Authors: Hacham Yael , Kaplan Alex , Cohen Elad , Gal Maayan , Amir Rachel 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCysteine is the precursor for the biosynthesis of glutathione, a key stress‐protective metabolite, and methionine, which is imperative for cell growth and protein synthesis. The exact mechanism that governs the routing of cysteine toward glutathione or methionine during stresses remains unclear. Our study reveals that under oxidative stress, methionine and glutathione compete for cysteine and that the increased oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels under stress hinder methionine biosynthesis. Moreover, we find that inhibition occurs as GSSG binds to and accelerates the degradation of cystathionine γ‐synthase, a key enzyme in the methionine synthesis pathway. Consequently, this leads to a reduction in the flux toward methionine‐derived metabolites and redirects cysteine utilization toward glutathione, thereby enhancing plant protection. Our study suggests a novel regulatory feedback loop involving glutathione, methionine, and cysteine, shedding light on the plant stress response and the adaptive rerouting of cysteine. These findings offer new insights into the intricate balance of growth and protection in plants and its impact on their nutritional value due to low methionine levels under stress.