bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from blood cultures of neonates admitted with sepsis at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Munir Saqib , Hussain Mudassar , Rasheed Shahid , Arshad Salman , Ijaz Sidra , Qamar Nadia 
Published: September 2024

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in developing countries like Pakistan, where epidemiologic surveillance of organisms and their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns remains poor. The objective of this study is to identify common organisms implicated in neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility patterns as well as the emergence of antibiotic resistance at a tertiary care hospital.
Material and Methods: This Retrospective descriptive study, Blood culture reports of neonates admitted to the Nursery of Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital (Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College) with suspected sepsis from January 2020 to December 2022 were taken.
Results: Blood culture reports were positive in 303 (12.8%) out of 2368 neonates. The proportion of gram-negative and gram-positive micro-organisms were 278 (91.7%) and 25 (8.3%) respectively. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most predominant microorganism isolated (32.3%), followed by E coli (21.4%) and Citrobacter freundii (13.5%). Among the gram-negative microorganisms high level of resistance was seen with first-line agents, such as ampicillin (97.3%), third generation cephalosporins i:e cefotaxime (89.8%), while the majority of these organisms were sensitive to carbapenems (56.0%) and cefoperazone-sulbactam (53%). Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus rate was 47.6% and no resistance to vancomycin and linezolid was detected.
Conclusion: This study shows the emergence of unusual gram-negative microorganisms causing neonatal sepsis and a high level of resistance to first-line empirical antibiotic therapy. This highlights the urgent need for the implementation of effective infections control program and antibiotics stewardship in neonatal ICU.
Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility, Blood culture, Neonatal sepsis
Analisis Hambatan Belajar Matematika Di Kelas IV Mis Darunnajah Cipining Bogor
Authors: Umi Nawal Mumtaz  , Heri Dermawan  , Nailil Muna Shalihah  
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hambatan belajar matematika pada siswa kelas IV MIS Darunnajah Cipining Bogor dan mengeksplorasi upaya yang dilakukan guru dalam mengatasi hambatan tersebut. Dalam pendahuluan, diuraikan bahwa matematika merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang sering dianggap sulit oleh siswa, sehingga mempengaruhi motivasi dan hasil belajar mereka. Hambatan-hambatan ini penting untuk diidentifikasi agar dapat diberikan solusi yang tepat guna meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran matematika di sekolah tersebut.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi di kelas, wawancara dengan kepala sekolah, guru, siswa, dan wali siswa, serta dokumentasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sementara untuk uji validitas data, peneliti menggunakan metode triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hambatan belajar yang dialami siswa antara lain kesulitan dalam memahami operasi hitung pecahan, kesulitan dalam menyamakan penyebut, dan kesulitan mengubah pecahan menjadi desimal. Faktor-faktor penyebab hambatan tersebut berasal dari faktor internal, seperti rendahnya motivasi belajar, dan faktor eksternal, seperti kurangnya variasi metode pengajaran serta penggunaan media pembelajaran yang kurang maksimal. Dalam pembahasan, peneliti memaparkan bahwa guru telah berupaya mengatasi hambatan tersebut dengan berbagai strategi, seperti memberikan les privat, menerapkan variasi metode pengajaran, dan memberikan penghargaan kepada siswa berprestasi. Kesimpulannya, dengan pendekatan yang tepat dan upaya yang berkelanjutan, hambatan dalam belajar matematika dapat diminimalisir, sehingga kualitas pembelajaran dan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi matematika dapat meningkat.
Peran Suatu Penambahan Dalam Enzim Sawit Pakan Berbeda Terhadap Performa Ayam
Authors: Nur afiyati  , Vandu Mesa  
Published: September 2024

Penyediaan pakan ternak unggas di Indonesia saat ini masih mengalami kendala, satu diantaranya adalah masih tingginya komponen penyusun ransum berupa pakan import. Tentu saja hal ini secara langsung berimplikasi terhadap tingginya harga pakan pada tataran konsumen. Sampai saat ini sekitar 80% dari seluruh komponen penyusun ransum unggas merupakan produk import seperti, corn gluten meal (CGM), bungkil kedelai, meat bone meal (MBM) dan tepung ikan. Bungkil kedelai sampai saat ini masih merupakan komponen utama sumber protein nabati pada pakan unggas di Indonesia.
Atitudes relacionadas a colaboração interprofissional em ambiente de urgência e emergência hospitalar
Authors: Félix Máximo Felipe , Barbosa de Lima Pollyana 
Published: September 2024

Introdução: Trabalho em equipe multiprofissional é baseado em uma relação recíproca da articulação das intervenções técnicas nas mais diversas especialidades. No setor de urgência e emergência, é necessário atendimento efetivo e dinâmico nas condutas específicas e transversais dos profissionais de saúde. Objetivos: Avaliar a atitude dos profissionais de saúde quanto às práticas colaborativas no trabalho em equipe de profissionais atuantes no setor de urgência e emergência de um hospital regional do DF. Método: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, analítico, observacional e transversal. Utilizou-se a Escala EJARCI para avaliar a colaboração interprofissional. Resultados: Foram incluídos 107 participantes, com idade de 35 ± 7,17 anos. A média do escore total na escala foi de 124,29 ± 11,80 pontos, e o valor do α de Cronbach calculado foi de 0,75. Não foram observadas diferenças relacionadas às atitudes colaborativas entre os profissionais (p = 0,68). Conclusão: Não houve diferença estatística na comparação entre os grupos profissionais pesquisados, apontando para um nível positivo e semelhante de capacidade colaborativa interprofissional.
Forêts matures et coléoptères : inventaire de deux peuplements à l’île d’Orléans, Québec
Authors: Leclerc Ludovic 
Published: September 2024

Les connaissances sur la biodiversité entomologique sont lacunaires dans le sud du Québec, tout particulièrement dans les forêts de feuillus matures. Cela a motivé la réalisation du premier inventaire des coléoptères (Insecta : Coleoptera) au sein de 2 peuplements forestiers représentatifs de l’île d’Orléans lors des étés 2022 et 2023 à l’aide de pièges passifs. Le résultat : 2 236 spécimens appartenant à 41 familles et 254 espèces et morpho-espèces ont été récoltés. L’abondance et la richesse spécifique sont présentées par peuplement et par piège et selon la phénologie estivale des coléoptères. Le peuplement d’érables à sucre a révélé une diversité et une abondance de coléoptères plus grandes que le peuplement de hêtres à grandes feuilles. Cet inventaire fournit un premier repère sur l’entomofaune insulaire des forêts décidues du centre de l’île d’Orléans.
L’invasion du fleuve Saint-Laurent (Québec, Canada) par la tanche (Tinca tinca) : que nous apprend l’historique de l’expansion spatio-temporelle sur l’ampleur du problème qui nous guette ?
Authors: Dussault David , Morissette Olivier , Lecomte Frédéric 
Published: September 2024

En 1991, la tanche (Tinca tinca Linné, 1758) a été relâchée illégalement dans les eaux de la rivière Richelieu. Après s’être répandue dans l’ensemble de cette rivière, ce poisson a colonisé le fleuve Saint-Laurent et le lac Champlain. La présente étude analyse par cartographie l’évolution spatio-temporelle de sa dispersion depuis son introduction en quantifiant notamment les patrons et les taux de dispersion à partir des données d’occurrences de 1999 à 2020. Les résultats démontrent une saturation spatiale observée à l’échelle du corridor fluvial, notamment dans l’ensemble des secteurs du lac Saint-Pierre, dès 2012. Trois phases distinctes de dispersion sont ainsi observées : 1) une période de latence de 1991 à 2006 ; 2) une période de croissance exponentielle de 2006 à 2012 ; 3) une période de saturation depuis 2012. Bien que le taux de dispersion de la tanche pourrait ralentir au cours des prochaines années en raison de la saturation spatiale observée, il semble cependant que l’espèce n’ait pas encore atteint son pic d’abondance en matière de biomasse. Cette étude souligne l’importance d’orienter les futures études vers la quantification de ce processus et d’évaluer les conséquences que la tanche aura sur la communauté des poissons et leur habitat.
Integration of full-length Iso-Seq, Illumina RNA-Seq, and flavor testing reveals potential differences in ripened fruits between two Passiflora edulis cultivars
Authors: Teng Yao , Wang Ye , Zhang Sunjian , Zhang Xiaoying , Li Jiayu , Wu Fengchan , Chen Caixia , Long Xiuqin , Li Anding 
Published: September 2024

Background
Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) is loved for its delicious flavor and nutritious juice. Although studies have delved into the cultivation and enhancement of passion fruit varieties, the underlying factors contributing to the fruit’s appealing aroma remain unclear.

Methods
This study analyzed the full-length transcriptomes of two passion fruit cultivars with different flavor profiles: “Tainong 1” (TN1), known for its superior fruit flavor, and “Guihan 1” (GH1), noted for its strong environmental resilience but lackluster taste. Utilizing PacBio Iso-Seq and Illumina RNA-Seq technologies, we discovered terpene synthase (TPS) genes implicated in fruit ripening that may help explain the flavor disparities.

Results
We generated 15,913 isoforms, with N50 lengths of 1,500 and 1,648 bp, and mean lengths of 1,319 and 1,463 bp for TN1 and GH1, respectively. Transcript and isoform lengths ranged from a maximum of 7,779 bp to a minimum of 200 and 209 bp. We identified 14,822 putative coding DNA sequences (CDSs) averaging 1,063 bp, classified 1,007 transcription factors (TFs) into 84 families. Additionally, differential expression analysis of ripening fruit from both cultivars revealed 314 upregulated and 43 downregulated unigenes in TN1 compared to GH1. The top 10 significantly enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated that TN1’s upregulated genes were primarily involved in nutrient transport, whereas GH1’s up-regulated genes were associated with resistance mechanisms. Meanwhile, 17 PeTPS genes were identified in P. edulis and 13 of them were TPS-b members. A comparative analysis when compared PeTPS with AtTPS highlighted an expansion of the PeTPS-b subfamily in P. edulis, suggesting a role in its fruit flavor profile.

Conclusion
Our findings explain that the formation of fruit flavor is attributed to the upregulation of essential genes in synthetic pathway, in particular the expansion of TPS-b subfamily involved in terpenoid synthesis. This finding will also provide a foundational genetic basis for understanding the nuanced flavor differences in this species.
The Effect of Reverse Logistics on Competitive Advantage through Operational Performance in Manufacturing Industry of Iraq
Authors: Kareem Jasim Mohammed 
Published: September 2024

Today, manufacturing companies worldwide are prioritizing sustainability to acquire economic benefits. Implementing reverse logistics programs was seen as a viable option to reduce the adverse impacts of production and obtain a competitive advantage. Investigation has shown that enhancing operational performance leads to the attainment of edge over competitors. Nevertheless, the issue remains as to whether the implementation of reverse logistics generates a comparative advantage which ultimately results in acquiring a competitive edge for industrial firms. The research aimed to investigate the impact of reverse logistics on competitive advantage through operational performance of a business. The findings of the study shown that the mediating effect of operational performance between the association of reverse logistics and competitive advantages. The limitation and future suggestions discussed in the end.
An Overview of Etymology of Freshwater Fish Fauna in Pakistan
Authors: Rafique Muhammad , Shoaib Ahmad , Shakil Muhammad 
Published: September 2024

Despite extensive work on species descriptions and taxonomic revisions, the etymology of scientific names in ichthyology has been largely neglected in Pakistan, leaving the origins and meanings of fish names poorly understood. The main objective of this study was to make it easy for the students and researchers to remember the otherwise obliviate and hard-Latinized scientific names of species. The manuscript provides an understanding of roots, meanings, and, in many cases, the associated morphological characteristics helpful in the identification of species. The collection of fish samples has been a lifelong activity that has used multiple fishing methods like cast nets, gill nets, electrofisher, and scoop nets in accordance with the recommended standard techniques. Pakistan has three main zoo-geographical components of fish fauna: the Oriental, West Asian, and the High Asian, which show its affinities with other countries of Asia. For etymological analysis, online dictionaries, relevant archives, books, and published material have been consulted. The river systems and watersheds of neighboring countries of Pakistan have remained connected in the geological past, which has facilitated the dispersal and distribution of fish fauna in these countries. Moreover, in the post-Tethyan period and before the orogeny of the Himalayas, the watershed of Pakistan remained connected with the river systems of Central Asia and China. Consequently, Pakistan has, to a variable extent, a commonality of fish fauna with neighboring countries like India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan in the East and North East and with Afghanistan in the West as well as with the Central Asian states and China. Pakistan also shares its Western Asian component of the fish fauna with Iran, especially in the province of Baluchistan, which is adjacent to Iran. This article, therefore, will not only be beneficial for students, field workers and fish biologists of Pakistan but will also be advantageous for the concerned in almost all countries of South Asia.
Effects of swell on transport and dispersion of oil plumes within the ocean mixed layer
Authors: Chen Bicheng , Yang Di , Meneveau Charles , Chamecki Marcelo 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe transport in the ocean mixed layer (OML) of oil plumes originated from deepwater blowouts is studied using large eddy simulations. In particular, we focus on the effects of swell on the modulation of turbulence in the OML and its impact on oil transport. Results show that when the misalignment between the wind and the swell propagation is small, Langmuir cells develop and significantly enhance the vertical dilution of the oil plume. Conversely, when the misalignment is large, vertical dilution is suppressed when compared to the no‐swell case. Due to the strong directional shear of the mean flow within the OML, plume depth significantly impacts mean transport direction. The size of oil droplets in the plume also plays an important role in vertical dilution and mean transport direction.
Degradation profiles of poly(methylene oxide) and poly(glycolic acid) for inflow control devices in oil wells
Authors: Pereira Alexandre Zacarias Ignácio , Delpech Marcia Cerqueira , da Costa Francileide Gomes , da Cruz Flávio Bittencourt 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe viability of the application of hydrolysable polymers, such as poly(methylene oxide) (PMO) and poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), in formation treatments in oil wells, was studied; we examined their addition to inflow control devices (ICDs), which are instruments used to control the oil‐flow profile along production intervals. Thereby, the structural and morphological changes of PMO and PGA samples exposed to common chemicals, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions and xylene, used in the procedure were evaluated under conditions similar to those observed in southeastern Brazilian offshore oil fields (temperature range = 50–130 °C, 41.4 MPa). The aim of this study was to verify whether the polymers hydrolyzed and could be further removed from the ICDs. Techniques including high‐pressure liquid chromatography, ion chromatography, 13C‐NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy were applied in this study. Xylene did not produce expressive effects in the samples. PMO was significantly affected by 15% HCl at 75 °C but was not completely dissolved after 24 h of exposure; this counter indicates its use. The PGA hydrolysis profile in NaCl brine was suitable for application around 75 °C. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43786.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF PENTAAMMINECOBALT(III) PHOSPHATE TRIHYDRATE, A SODIUM‐POTASSIUM ATPASE PROBE
Authors: BREWER G. , DRUCKER S. , GIRARD J. , GRISHAM C. , SINN E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie mit 17proz. Ausbeute aus [Co(NH3)5H2O]Cl3 hergestellte Titelverbindung (I) diente zur Untersuchung der Inhibition von Na+‐K+‐ATPase und als Strukturmodell für ML4‐Nucleotid‐Komplexe (L = H2O oder NH3).
ChemInform Abstract: CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF A COMPLEX BROMIDE CONTAINING PLANAR DIAQUADIBROMOCHROMIUM(II) UNITS
Authors: LADD M. F. C. , LARKWORTHY L. F. , LEONARD G. A. , POVEY D. C. , TANDON S. S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDer aus Lösungen von wasserfreiem CrBrZ und Pyridiniumbromid (HpyBr) in Eisessig erhaltene (magnetisch verd.) Komplex (I) enthält diskrete trans‐planare CrBr2(OH2)2‐Einheiten und BF‐Ionen mit starken H‐Bindungen zu den Pyridiniumkationen (Elnkristall‐Röntgenanalyse).
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF COPPER TETRASODIUM TRIMETAPHOSPHATE TETRAHYDRATE: CUNA4(P3O9)2.4H2O
Authors: DURIF A. , AVERBUCH‐POUCHOT M. T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas: gemäß Reaktion Aerhaltene Titelsalz ist das erste Beispiel für ein Trimetaphosphat mit Cu(ll).
ChemInform Abstract: FLUORIDE ION AFFINITIES OF GERMANIUM TETRAFLUORIDE AND BORON TRIFLUORIDE FROM THERMODYNAMIC AND STRUCTURAL DATA FOR (SF3)2GEF6, CLO2GEF5, AND CLO2BF4
Authors: MALLOUK T. E. , ROSENTHAL G. L. , MUELLER G. + , BRUSASCO R. , BARTLETT N. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBez. der Rolle einer thermodynamischen Schwelle bei der Intercalation von Graphit durch Fluoro‐Anionen ( ;z.B. Bildung von GeF; und GeFä′ aus intercaliertem GeF4 und Fluor) wurden Fluoridionen‐Affinitäten untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: REMOVAL OF OXIDE CONTAMINATION FROM SILICON CARBIDE POWDERS
Authors: BRYNESTAD J. , BAMBERGER C. E. , HEATHERLY D. E. , LAND J. F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Entfernung von SiO2 (zur Verbesserung der Sinterung von SiC‐Pulvern) durch HF (Reaktion A) lieferte bessere Ergebnisse als ein BC13(g)‐Behandlung.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRONIC SPECTRA OF FLUOROCHLOROIRIDATES(IV), (IRFNCL6‐N)2‐, N = 1‐5
Authors: PREETZ W. , TENSFELDT D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractElektronenabsorptionsspektren der festen Tetramethylammoniumsalze der Titel‐Anionen incl.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL BEHAVIOR OF COBALT OXIDES DOPED WITH ZIRCONIA AND THORIA AND THE POSSIBLE CUBIC PHASE STABILIZATION OF ZIRCONIA
Authors: GHONEIM N. M. , EL‐SHOBAKY G. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractZusätze von Th" oder Zr" üben bis zu 6 mol‐′Vo keinen merklichen Einfluß auf die thermische Stabilität des Co3O4 aus.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL DECOMPOSITION IN THE SYSTEM SILICON‐YTTRIUM‐ALUMINUM‐OXYGEN‐NITROGEN
Authors: MESSIER D. R. , DEGUIRE E. J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMessungen an Glä‐ sern aus 13.3 (Atom‐°/o) AI, 13.3 Si, 13.3 Y, 46.7 Ound 13.3 N (aus Mischungen von Al2O3, Si3N4, SiOg, Y3O3 oder A N, SiO2 und Y2O3) zeigten, daß die begrenzte Transparenz (graue bis schwarze Farbe) von Gläsern mit hohem N‐Gehalt auf Si‐ Ausscheidungen infolge thermischer Zers. beim Schmelzen beruht.
ChemInform Abstract: SOLID STATE TRANSFORMATIONS DURING COOLING IN THE NICKEL‐RICH PORTION OF THE NICKEL‐SILICON SYSTEM
Authors: LEBAILI S. , HAMAR‐THIBAULT S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDTA‐, XRD‐, SEM‐ und TEM‐Untersuchungen an Legierungen mit 10‐35 Atom‐% Si zeigten, daß rasche Abkühlung zur Bildung von γ‐Ni5Si2 führt, das metastabil ist und bei hohen Temp. nur langsam zerfällt.
ChemInform Abstract: INTERMEDIATE PHASES IN SOME RARE EARTH‐RUTHENIUM SYSTEMS
Authors: SHARIFRAZI P. , MOHANTY R. C. , RAMAN A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractLegierungen von Ru mit La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er und Ywurden im Lichtbogenofen unter Ar hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETIC ANALYSIS OF SOLID‐STATE REACTIONS BETWEEN POWDERED REACTANTS
Authors: BERETKA J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Analyse von Daten für 7 Reaktionen [von BaCO3 mit Fe3O3, (0.5 und I) SiO2 oder WO3 sowie MgO‐Fe2O3, MgO‐Al2O3 und CuO‐A13O3] nach l0 Modellen (kineti‐ . schen Gleichungen) zeigt, daß die (ca.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND X‐RAY STRUCTURE OF THE FIRST MERCURY(I)‐CONTAINING POLYTUNGSTATE, ((HG2)2WO(H2O)(ASW9O33)2)10‐, WITH AN ODD OPEN‐SHELL STRUCTURE
Authors: MARTIN‐FRERE J. , JEANNIN Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas durch Umsetzen von Na2WO4, A5203 und Hg2(NO3)2 in salpetersaurer wäßriger Lösung gewonnene KsCss‐Salz des Titel‐Anions kristallisiert in der triklinen Raumgruppe ll PT mit Z=4.
ChemInform Abstract: LINEAR SOLVATION ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS. 21. GAS‐PHASE DATA AS TOOLS FOR THE STUDY OF MEDIUM EFFECTS
Authors: ABBOUD J.‐L. M. , GUIHENEUF G. , ESSFAR M. , TAFT R. W. , KAMLET M. J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMathematisch werden die 7t ‐Skala der Lösungsmittel‐Dipolarität/Polarisierbarkeit mit den Brechungsindices und I)ielektrizitätskonstanten für die Gasphase und einen weiten Bereich unterschiedlicher Lösungsmittel verknüpft.
ChemInform Abstract: UNIQUE REDOX AND SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES OF DIPYRIDYLAMINE COMPLEXES OF D6 TRANSITION METALS: ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: MORRIS D. E. , OHSAWA Y. , SEGERS D. P. , DEARMOND M. K. , HANCK K. W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFür eine Reihe von Komplexen (I)‐(III) werden cyclisch‐voltammetrische Untersuchungen bei Raumtemp. und bei ‐40°C durchgeführt und absorptionsspektroskopische Daten in Acetonitril mitgeteilt.
ChemInform Abstract: SUBSTITUENT EFFECTS IN THE ELECTROPOLYMERIZATION OF AROMATIC HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
Authors: WALTMAN R. J. , DIAZ A. F. , BARGON J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSubstituenten bestimmen, ob bei der Elektrooxidation eine EIektropolymerisation zu halbleitenden Polymeren mit Leitfähigkeiten von 104 ohm" cm‐1 eintritt oder lösliche Produkte entstehen.
ChemInform Abstract: DIASTEREO‐ AND ENANTIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF VICINAL THREO‐ OR ERYTHRO‐DIHYDROXY DERIVATIVES
Authors: MULZER J. , KAPPERT M. , HUTTNER G. , JIBRIL I. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDer optisch aktive Aldehyd (Ia) reagiert mit Diallylzink (II) unter hoher erythro‐Selektivität zu (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics of the Decomposition of 1‐Aryl‐2,2,2‐trihalogenoethanols in Aqueous Base.
Authors: SILVA E LINS H. , NOME F. , REZENDE M. C. , DE SOUSA I. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie nach einem (ElcB)CR‐Mechanismus verlaufende Spaltung der Herbizide (I) ergibt für den Zerfall der intermediären Alkanolate (II) Geschwindigkeitskonstanten, die bei Substitution durch zunehmend gute Elektronendonoren gesteigert werden [Reaktionskonstanten nach Hammett ‐0.58 für (IIa) und ‐0.8l für (IIb)]; die pKa‐Werte der Ethanole (I) verringern sich durch Donorgruppen (12.4‐12.0 bzw. 12.3‐11.7).
ChemInform Abstract: RHODIUM‐ AND PALLADIUM‐CATALYZED FORMATION OF CONJUGATED MONO‐ AND BIS‐EXOCYCLIC DIENES. 5‐EXO‐TRIG VERSUS 6‐ENDO‐TRIG CYCLIZATIONS
Authors: GRIGG R. , STEVENSON P. , WORAKUN T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn Gegenwart des Katalysators (II), (III) oder (IV) und einer Base cyclisieren die Dienylbromide (I) zu den Cyclopentanen (V) und Methylen‐cyclohexenen (VI).