bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined TRAF6 Targeting and Proteasome Blockade Has Anti-myeloma and Anti-Bone Resorptive Effects
Authors: Chen Haiming , Li Mingjie , Sanchez Eric , Wang Cathy S. , Lee Tiffany , Soof Camilia M. , Casas Christian E. , Cao Jasmin , Xie Colin , Udd Kyle A. , DeCorso Kevin , Tang George Y. , Spektor Tanya M. , Berenson James R. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
TNF receptor–associated factor 6 (TRAF6) has been implicated in polyubiquitin-mediated IL1R/TLR signaling through activation of IκB kinase (IKK) to regulate the NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways. Here, TRAF6 protein was determined to be overexpressed in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) from patients with multiple myeloma. TRAF6 expression in BMMCs from patients with progressive disease is significantly elevated as compared with individuals in complete remission, with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, or healthy subjects. Furthermore, TRAF6 dominant–negative (TRAF6dn) peptides were constructed which specifically reduced TRAF6 signaling and activation of IKK. TRAF6 not only reduced cellular growth but also increased the apoptosis of multiple myeloma tumor cells in a concentration-dependent fashion. Because TRAF6 activates IKK through polyubiquitination, independent of its proteasome activity, a TRAF6dn peptide was combined with the proteasome inhibitors bortezomib or carfilzomib to treat multiple myeloma. Importantly, targeting of TRAF6 in the presence of proteasome inhibition enhanced anti–multiple myeloma effects and also decreased TLR/TRAF6/NF-κB–related signaling. Finally, TRAF6dn dose dependently inhibited osteoclast cell formation from CD14+ monocytes, induced with RANKL and mCSF, and markedly reduced bone resorption in dentin pits. In all, these data demonstrate that blocking TRAF6 signaling has anti–multiple myeloma effects and reduces bone loss.
Implications: The ability to target TRAF6 signaling and associated pathways in multiple myeloma suggests a promising new therapeutic approach. Mol Cancer Res; 15(5); 598–609. ©2017 AACR.
<b>Re-sighting record of Fulvous Leaf-nosed Bat <I>Hipposideros fulvus</I> Gray, 1838 (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Thar Desert, Rajasthan, India</b>
Authors: Dookia Sumit , Singh Gajendra , Mishra Rajlakshmi 
Published: January 2017

Here we report re-sighting records of the Fulvous Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros fulvus after a gap of almost four decades (37 years), from Rajasthan, India, on the basis of two male specimens collected from a cave dwelling colony of about 20 individuals from Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. This species has been once reported in 1979 from a man-made tunnel in Mandore Garden in Jodhpur and later the same sighting information was re-quoted by several researchers. The present sighting from a new locality and the voucher specimen confirms the re-sighting of this species after a long gap.
<b>Bibliography and checklist of the dragonflies and damselflies of Bhutan</b>
Authors: Gyeltshen T. , Nidup T. , Dorji P. , Dorji T. , Kalkman V. J. 
Published: January 2017

An overview is given of literature containing distribution records of dragonflies and damselflies in Bhutan. Based on this an annotated checklist is presented which contains 92 species. Camacinia gigantea (Brauer, 1867) and Libellago lineata (Burmeister, 1839) are listed as new to Bhutan.
<b>Record number of Yellow-billed Oxpeckers <I>Buphagus africanus</I> Linnaeus, 1766 (Aves: Passeriformes: Buphagidae) foraging on a single host</b>
Authors: Verissimo Diogo , Cugnière Jean-Christophe , Cugnière Suzanne , Cugnière Julien , Cugnière Géraldine , Cugnière Laure 
Published: January 2017

In June 2016, we observed a group of Yellow-billed Oxpeckers foraging on a single male Giraffe, in the Savuti area of Chobe National Park, Botswana. From photographic evidence we estimate the Oxpecker group numbered between 51 and 60, the highest number on record for a single host.
Clinical Outcome of Double Kissing Crush Versus Provisional Stenting of Coronary Artery Bifurcation Lesions
Authors: Chen Shao-Liang , Santoso Teguh , Zhang Jun-Jie , Ye Fei , Xu Ya-Wei , Fu Qiang , Kan Jing , Zhang Feng-Fu , Zhou Yong , Xie Du-Jiang , Kwan Tak W. 
Published: January 2017

Background—
Provisional stenting is effective for anatomic simple bifurcation lesions. Double kissing crush stenting reduces the 1-year rate of target lesion revascularization. This study aimed to investigate the 5-year clinical results of the DKCRUSH-II study (Randomized Study on Double Kissing Crush Technique Versus Provisional Stenting Technique for Coronary Artery Bifurcation Lesions).

Methods and Results—

A total of 370 patients with coronary bifurcation lesions who were randomly assigned to either the double kissing crush or provisional stenting group in the DKCRUSH-II study were followed for 5 years. The primary end point was the occurrence of a major adverse cardiac event at 5 years. Patients were classified by simple and complex bifurcation lesions according to the DEFINITION criteria (Definitions and Impact of Complex Bifurcation Lesions on Clinical Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Using Drug-Eluting Stents). At 5 years, the major adverse cardiac event rate (23.8%) in the provisional stenting group was insignificantly different to that of the double kissing group (15.7%;
P
=0.051). However, the difference in the target lesion revascularization rate between 2 groups was sustained through the 5-year follow-up (16.2% versus 8.6%;
P
=0.027). The definite and probable stent thrombosis rate was 2.7% in each group (
P
=1.0). Complex bifurcation was associated with a higher rate of target lesion revascularization (21.6%) at 5 years compared with 11.1% in patients with a simple bifurcation (
P
=0.037), with an extremely high rate in the provisional stenting group (36.8% versus 12.5%,
P
=0.005) mainly because of final kissing balloon inflation (19.4% versus 5.2%;
P
=0.036).

Conclusions—
The double kissing crush stenting technique for coronary bifurcation lesions is associated with a lower rate of target lesion revascularization. The optimal stenting approach based on the lesions’ complexity may improve the revascularization for patients with complex bifurcations.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.chictr.org
. Unique identifier: ChiCTR-TRC-0000015.
Retinol-Binding Protein-Dependent Cholesterol Uptake Regulates Macrophage Foam Cell Formation and Promotes Atherosclerosis
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhong Yuan , Chen Hongen , Wang Duan , Wang Min , Ou Jing-Song , Xia Min 
Published: January 2017

Background:
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine that plays decisive roles in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Elevated circulating RBP4 levels were reported to be associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, but the precise role of RBP4 in atherosclerotic diseases and its mechanisms of action remain elusive.

Methods:
Serum RBP4 levels of 1683 participants from South China were evaluated and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events was followed up for 5 years. Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice infected with RBP4-overexpressing/silencing adenovirus, J774A.1 macrophages, and primary peritoneal macrophages from RBP4 transgenic mice were used for investigating the function of RBP4 in foam cell formation.

Results:
Prospective cohort studies revealed that baseline serum RBP4 level was an independent predictor for incidence of adverse cardiovascular events after adjustment for traditional risk factors. Increased RBP4 expression was observed in atherosclerotic lesions of aortic specimens from both humans and apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, and RBP4 was localized to areas rich in macrophage foam cells. RBP4 inhibition attenuated whereas overexpression accelerated atherosclerosis progression in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Both treatment with exogenous recombinant RBP4 and overexpression of RBP4 gene promoted macrophage-derived foam cell formation through the activation of scavenger-receptor CD36-mediated cholesterol uptake, and RBP4 transcriptionally upregulated CD36 expression in a manner dependent on jun N-terminal kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. The tyrosine kinase c-Src was identified as the upstream regulator of jun N-terminal kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-mediated CD36-dependent cholesterol uptake, and RBP4 challenge was found to alter the membrane distribution of c-Src and cause c-Src to partition into lipid-raft membrane subdomains, where the kinase was activated. Lastly, Toll-like receptor 4, but not retinol or stimulated by retinoic acid 6, mediated the inductive effects of RBP4 in macrophages.

Conclusions:
Inclusion of RBP4 levels in traditional models enhances the predictive ability for the incidence of atherosclerotic events. RBP4 promotes atherogenesis by inducing macrophage-derived foam cell formation.
Procalcitonin and Midregional Proatrial Natriuretic Peptide as Biomarkers of Subclinical Cerebrovascular Damage
Authors: Katan Mira , Moon Yeseon , von Eckardstein Arnold , Spanaus Kathartina , DeRosa Janet , Gutierrez Jose , DeCarli Charles , Wright Clinton , Sacco Ralph , Elkind Mitchell 
Published: January 2017

Background and Purpose—
Chronic infections and cardiac dysfunction are risk factors for stroke. We hypothesized that blood biomarkers of infection (procalcitonin) and cardiac dysfunction (midregional proatrial natriuretic peptide [MR-proANP]), previously associated with small vessel stroke and cardioembolic stroke are also associated with subclinical cerebrovascular damage, including silent brain infarcts and white matter hyperintensity volume.

Methods—
The NOMAS (Northern Manhattan Study) was designed to assess risk factors for incident vascular disease in a multiethnic cohort. A subsample underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and had blood samples available for biomarker measurement (n=1178). We used logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association of these biomarkers with silent brain infarcts after adjusting for demographic, behavioral, and medical risk factors. We used linear regression to assess associations with log-white matter hyperintensity volume.

Results—
Mean age was 70±9 years; 60% were women, 66% Hispanic, 17% black, and 15% were white. After adjusting for risk factors, subjects with procalcitonin or MR-proANP in the top quartile, compared with the lowest quartile were more likely to have silent brain infarcts (adjusted odds ratio for procalcitonin, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.3–3.7 and for MR-proANP, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.7–6.3) and increased white matter hyperintensity volume (adjusted mean change in log-white matter hyperintensity volume for procalcitonin, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.13–0.44 and for MR-proANP, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.004–0.36).

Conclusions—
Higher concentrations of procalcitonin, a marker of infection, and MR-proANP, a marker of cardiac dysfunction, are independently associated with subclinical cerebrovascular damage. If further studies demonstrate an incremental value for risk stratification, biomarker-guided primary prevention studies may lead to new approaches to prevent cerebrovascular disease.
What Is Market Manipulation?
Authors: Bergþórsson Andri Fannar 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe Market Abuse Regulation (MAR) entered into force in 2016 within the European Union, which introduced a fully harmonized ban on market manipulation. Even though the regulation is quite detailed, the terms used to define market manipulation are relatively vague and open-ended.In What Is Market Manipulation? Dr. Andri Fannar Bergþórsson offers unique insight to and an interpretation of the concept of market manipulation, which includes an analysis of case law from the Nordic countries. The aim of the book is to clarify the concept as described in MAR and to provide readers some guidelines to distinguish between lawful behaviour and market manipulation (the unlawful behaviour). Dr. Andri Fannar convincingly argues that misinformation is an essential element of all forms of market manipulation.
Linear Error Dynamics for Turbulent Flow in Urban Street Canyons
Authors: Ngan K. , Lo K. W. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe ability to make forecasts depends on atmospheric predictability and the growth of errors. It has recently been shown that the predictability of urban boundary layers differs in important respects from that of the free atmosphere on the mesoscale and larger; in particular, nonlinearity may play a less prominent role in the error evolution. This paper investigates the applicability of linear theory to the error evolution in turbulent street-canyon flow. Using large-eddy simulation, streamwise aspect ratios between 0.15 and 1.50, and identical-twin experiments, it is shown that the growth rate of the error kinetic energy can be estimated from Eulerian averages and that linear theory provides insight into the spatial structure of the error field after saturation. The results should be applicable to cities with deep and closely spaced canyons. Implications for data assimilation and modeling are discussed.
Rapid Evolution of Cool Season, Low-CAPE Severe Thunderstorm Environments
Authors: King Jessica R. , Parker Matthew D. , Sherburn Keith D. , Lackmann Gary M. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Low-CAPE (i.e., CAPE ≤ 1000 J kg−1) severe thunderstorms are common in the greater southeastern United States (including the Tennessee and Ohio valleys). These events are often poorly forecasted, and the environments in which they occur may rapidly evolve. Real-data simulations of 11 low-CAPE severe events and 6 low-CAPE nonsevere events were performed at convection-allowing resolution. Some amount of surface-based destabilization occurred during all simulated events over the 3-h period prior to convection. Most simulated severe events experienced comparatively large destabilization relative to the nonsevere events as a result of surface warming, cooling aloft, and surface moistening. The release of potential instability by large-scale forcing for ascent likely influenced the cooling aloft in some cases. Surface warming was attributable primarily to warm advection and appeared to be an important discriminator between severe and nonsevere simulated events. Severe events were also found to have larger low-level wind shear than nonsevere events, particularly during nocturnal cases. Because of the rapid destabilization that occurred within 3 h in the simulated events, it is evident that 3–6-hourly model output may not be adequate for forecasting severe events in high-shear, low-CAPE environments. Monitoring of high-resolution model forecasts and surface observations may be necessary to identify a rapidly changing severe environment.
Extreme Rainstorms that Caused Devastating Flooding across the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia during November and December 2014
Authors: Hai Ooi See , Samah Azizan Abu , Chenoli Sheeba Nettukandy , Subramaniam Kumarenthiran , Ahmad Mazuki Muhammad Yunus 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
During the early boreal winter (northeast) monsoon (November–December), cold air frequently bursts out from intense Siberian highs toward the Chinese coast in response to the development and movement of a 500-hPa trough. The resultant strong low-level northwesterlies turn into northeasterlies across the South China Sea as “cold surges.” On interacting with the near-equatorial trough, mesoscale convective systems form north of the trough, normally giving rise to heavy downpours and severe flooding, mainly along the coastal stretch in the east coast states of Peninsular Malaysia. In November 2014, a 1-week-long episode of heavy downpours, producing more than 800 mm of rain, occurred along the coastal stretch of northeastern Peninsular Malaysia. However, during December 2014, two episodes of extreme rainfall occurred mostly over inland and mountainous areas of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, in particular across its northern sector. These two unusual events, which lasted a total of 11 days and delivered more than 1100 mm of precipitation, resulted in extreme and widespread flooding, as well as extensive damage, in many inland areas. Analysis shows that the stronger wind surges from the South China Sea due to very intense cold-air outbreaks of the Siberian high developed under ENSO-neutral conditions. In addition, the mesoscale convective systems that developed across the northeastern Indian Ocean (near northern Sumatra) in response to the propagation of a 500-hPa short-wave trough across the Indian subcontinent toward China were the combined factors for these unusual extreme rainfall and flooding events along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.
Need for Services to Exceptional Children
Authors: Brownell Samuel Miller 
Published: January 2017

Both the speech of Samuel M. Brownell, Commissioner of Education, and the Creed for Exceptional Children which follows were presented at a conference on Qualification and Preparation of Teachers of Exceptional Children held in the last week of October 1954 in the Office of Education. Eighty leaders from 25 states who represented various fields of specialization attended the conference. Here in a meeting of particular significance, data collected through inquiry forms and committee work for this study in the past three years were presented for review, interpretation and suggestions. The conference afforded a further means of exploring the competencies required by teachers and other special education personnel. Conference materials concerned all areas of exceptionality—the physically handicapped, mentally limited, intellectually gifted, and those with serious emotional problems. Romaine P. Mackie, director of the study and chief, exceptional children and youth. Office of Education, announced that some study publications are now available and others will be released within the next few months. Titles now available are: State Certification Requirements for Teachers of Exceptional Children, and College and University Programs for the Preparation of Teachers of Exceptional Children, both available from the Superintendent of Documents.
The Fan and Plate Control Experiment
Authors: Florez J. , Ortega J. , Catalina J. , Tapia A. 
Published: January 2017

The fan and plate control experiment The fan and plate control system constitutes an electromechanical laboratory control experiment. Although mechanically simple, the process involves some physical phenomena that make the experiment a difficult yet tractable and instructive control exercise. The paper describes the main characteristics of the experiment.
Using Vhdl Based Modeling, Synthesis, and Simulation in an Introductory Computer Architecture Laboratory
Authors: Hamblen James O. 
Published: January 2017

Using VHDL based modelling, synthesis, and simulation in an introductory computer architecture laboratory In many existing curricula, there is a notable lack of recent research advances in CAD tools and rapid prototyping using logic synthesis. This paper describes a novel introductory computer architecture laboratory that utilizes these new developments. VHDL based logic synthesis and timing simulations are used to design a RISC processor.
The Khat Users: A Study of Khat Chewing in Liverpool's Somali Men
Authors: Ahmed A G , Salib Emad 
Published: January 2017

This study reports the demographic and social characteristics and level of psychological dysfunction in regular khat users compared with matched non-users. The results indicate that khat users resemble non-users on a number of psychosocial variables and GHQ scores, with no evidence to suggest higher morbidity amongst users. The two groups appear to differ only in the level of their use of nicotine and also in their perception of the harmful effects associated with khat use.
Severe Injury among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Children in Washington State
Authors: Karr Catherine J. , Rivara Frederick P. , Cummings Peter 
Published: January 2017

Objectives. The authors' anecdotal experience at a regional Level I trauma center was that Hispanic children were overrepresented among burn patients, particularly among children with burns due to scalding from hot food. This study describes injury incidence and severity among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white infants, children, and adolescents with serious traumatic injuries in Washington State. Methods. Data from the Washington State Trauma Registry for 1995–1997 were used to identify injured individuals aged ⩽19 years. Ratios of overall and mechanism-specific injury incidence rates for Hispanic children relative to non-Hispanic white children were calculated using denominator estimates derived from U.S. Census Bureau population data. Hispanic children and non-Hispanic white children were also compared on several measures of severity of injury. Results. In 1995–1997, serious traumatic injuries were reported to the Registry for 231 Hispanic children aged ⩽19 years (rate: 54 per 100,000 person-years) and for 2,123 non-Hispanic white children (56 per 100,000 person-years), yielding an overall rate ratio (RR) of 1.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8, 1.1). Motor vehicle crashes and falls accounted for one-third to one-half of the injuries for each group. Infants, children, and adolescents identified as Hispanic had higher rates of injuries related to hot objects (i.e., burns) (RR=2.3; 95% CI 1.3, 4.1), guns (RR=2.2; 95% CI 1.5 to 3.3), and being cut or pierced (RR=3.5; 95% CI 2.2 to 5.5). The Hispanic group had a lower injury rate for motor vehicle accidents (RR=0.7; 95% CI 0.5, 0.9). Mortality rates were similar (RR=1.1; 95% CI 0.7, 1.7). The mean length of hospital stay was 5.5 days for the Hispanic group and 8.8 days for the non-Hispanic white group (difference=3.3 days; 95% CI −0.7, 7.4). Conclusions. The study found little difference between Hispanic and non-Hispanic white infants, children, and adolescents in the burden of traumatic pediatric injury. However, burns, guns, drowning, and being pierced/cut appeared to be particularly important mechanisms of injury for Hispanic children. More specific investigations targeted toward these injury types are needed to identify the underlying preventable risk factors involved.
Impact of a Lead-Safe Training Program on Workers Conducting Renovation, Painting, and Maintenance Activities
Authors: Buzzetti Alan J. , Greene Frank , Needham Dottie 
Published: January 2017

Objective. An important source of lead exposure is lead-based paint that is disturbed when unsafe work practices are used during renovation, remodeling, and maintenance activities. This study explores the success of a pilot lead-safe skills training program for home improvement contractors and their employees (including renovators, remodelers, and painters) and small property owners. Methods. The study evaluates whether attendees at eight-hour lead-safe work practices training courses learned and retained information about lead exposure; developed and retained positive attitudes toward lead-safe work practices; and developed lasting, positive behavioral intentions to use lead-safe work practice skills and techniques. A questionnaire was administered immediately before, immediately following, and several months following the training program. Coded data from the questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS software. Results. Respondents showed statistically significant changes from before to after the training program, and the changes were maintained over time. Knowledge improved, and attitudes and behavioral intentions changed in a favorable direction. Conclusion. These results suggest that lead-safe training can be successful and can create lasting changes in lead-safe knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.