bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: NONOXIDATIVE CYCLIZATION OF SQUALENE BY TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS. INCORPORATION OF A 3β HYDROGEN (DEUTERIUM) ATOM INTO TETRAHYMANOL
Authors: ABERHART D. J. , CASPI E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSynthesen der deuterierten Cholestane (Ia) und (Ib) (nach bekannter Methode) sowie der 4,4‐Dimethylsteroide (VI), (VII) und (XI) werden beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: CONVENIENT GENERAL PREPARATION OF OXYGENATED MONOFLUORO‐ AND GEM‐DIFLUORO‐5A‐ANDROSTANES USING DIETHYLAMINOSULFUR TRIFLUORIDE
Authors: BIRD T. G. C. , FREDERICKS P. M. , JONES E. R. H. , MEAKINS G. D. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas Hydroxysteroid (Ia) liefert mit dem Aminoschwefelfluorid (II) etwa gleiche Mengen von Fluorketon (III) und Enon (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND COMPLEXING PROPERTIES OF COMPLEXING AGENTS WHICH ARE DERIVATIVES OF DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS. III. N‐(CARBOXYMETHYL)ASPARTIC ACID AND N,N‐BIS(CARBOXYMETHYL)ASPARTIC ACID
Authors: GORELOV I. P. , NIKOL'SKII V. M. , KAPUSTNIKOV A. I. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMaleinsäure (I) und Aminoessigsäure (II) reagieren in wäßrigem LiOH zur N‐(Carboxymethyl)‐asparaginsäure (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW ROUTE TO SUBSTITUTED PROLINES: THE REACTION BETWEEN N‐PYRUVYLIDENEGLYCINATOCOPPER(II) AND ACRYLIC COMPOUNDS
Authors: CASELLA L. , GULLOTTI M. , PASINI A. , PSARO R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAcrylsäureester und′ Acrylsäurenitril (II) addieren an den Kupfer‐Komplex (I) in Pyridin in Gegenwart von Triethylamin zu Addukten (III), aus denen mittels eines H‐Ionenaustauschers Prolin‐Derivate (IV) in guten Ausbeuten erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ERGOT ALKALOIDS. SYNTHESIS OF NITROSOUREA DERIVATIVES OF ERGOLINES AS POTENTIAL ANTICANCER AGENTS
Authors: CRIDER A. M. , LU C. K. L. , FLOSS H. G. , CASSADY J. M. , CLEMENS J. A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas Amino‐methyl‐ergolin (I) reagiert mit dem Isocyanat (II) zum Harnstoff (III), der die Nitrosoderivate (IVa) und (IVb) ergibt.
ChemInform Abstract: A TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF DL‐CERULENIN
Authors: BOECKMAN R. K. JUN. , THOMAS E. W. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUm die günstigsten Bedingungen zur Herstellung des Lactons (VII), der Schlüsselverbindung in der Synthese von dl‐Cerulenin dl‐(IX) (Antibioticum, Fungizid, Inhibitor der Biogenese von Fettsäuren) zu erkunden, werden zuerst Optimierungsversuche mit Modellsubstanzen durchgeführt (Herstellung endocyclischer ogß‐Epoxy‐y‐butyrolactone).
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF α‐AMINO‐3‐CHLORO‐4,5‐DIHYDRO‐5‐ISOXAZOLEACETIC ACID (AT‐125), AN ANTITUMOR ANTIBIOTIC
Authors: KELLY R. C. , SCHLETTER I. , STEIN S. J. , WIERENGA W. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAusgehend von dem Aminoalkohol (Ia) wird nach angegebener Reaktionsfolge die Titelsäure (Vc) mit αS,5S‐Konfiguration synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: AN APPROACH TO VERSATILE INTERMEDIATES IN THE SYNTHESIS OF ANTHRACYCLINONE AGLYCONE ANALOGS
Authors: O'CONNOR S. U. , ROSEN W. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract1,4‐Naphthochinon (I) reagiert mit dem Cyclopentadien (II) zu einem Addukt (III), das mit Trifluoressigsäure und Acetanhydrid zu (IV) führt und dann durch Spaltung mit NaH und Reaktion mit Methylvinylketon (V) ein Addukt (VI) ergibt.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Conducting Divalent Mg2+ Cation Solid Electrolytes with Well‐Ordered Three‐Dimensional Network Structure.
Authors: Tamura Shinji , Yamane Megumi , Hoshino Yasunori , Imanaka Nobuhito 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe well‐ordered NASICON‐type Mg2+ conductor (MgxHf1‐x)4/(4‐2x)Nb (PO4)3 is obtained by partial substitution of lower valent Mg2+ for Hf4+ in HfNb(PO4)3 via co‐precipitation from EtOH solutions of Mg(NO3)2, HfCl4, and NbCl5 to which (NH4)2HPO4 is given (130 °C, 1 d) followed by staged calcination in air (600—1300 °C, 6 h per stage with intermediate grinding).
ChemInform Abstract: 2D 31P Solid State NMR Spectroscopy, Electronic Structure and Thermochemistry of PbP7.
Authors: Benndorf Christopher , Hohmann Andrea , Schmidt Peer , Eckert Hellmut , Johrendt Dirk , Schaefer Konrad , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPhase pure polycrystalline PbP7 is prepared by solid state reaction of a 1:1 mixture of the elements using Pb as a flux (evacuated quartz tubes, 673 K, 6 d; 90—95% yield based on P).
ChemInform Abstract: K2Au(IO3)5 and β‐KAu(IO3)4: Polar Materials with Strong SHG Responses Originating from Synergistic Effect of AuO4 and IO3 Units.
Authors: Xu Xiang , Hu Chun‐Li , Li Bing‐Xuan , Mao Jiang‐Gao 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe new polar compounds (IV) and (V) are characterized by single crystal XRD, IR, UV/VIS/NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and DFT electronic band structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Ring Expansion of Alkynyl Heterocycles Through 1,2‐Migration of an Endocyclic Carbon‐Heteroatom Bond.
Authors: Chen Ming , Sun Ning , Xu Wei , Zhao Jidong , Wang Gaonan , Liu Yuanhong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe unprecedented tandem reactions feature regioselective oxidation and chemoselective migration of an endocyclic C—hetero atom bond.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Methylenecyclobutanes by Merging Boron‐Homologation and Boron‐Allylation Strategies.
Authors: Eisold Michael , Didier Dorian 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe uncatalyzed reaction of cyclobutenylmethyl boron compounds (I) and (IV) with aldehydes results in the efficient formation of methylene cyclobutanes (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Assembly of Primary (Hetero)Arylamines via CuI/Oxalic Diamide‐Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Chlorides and Ammonia.
Authors: Fan Mengyang , Zhou Wei , Jiang Yongwen , Ma Dawei 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe scalable and practical coupling reaction is successfully applied to aryl chlorides endowed with a broad range of functional groups as well as various heteroaryl chlorides.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Polyheterohalogenated Naphthalenes via the Benzannulation of Haloalkynes.
Authors: Lehnherr Dan , Alzola Joaquin M. , Lobkovsky Emil B. , Dichtel William R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractVersatile halide substitution at six of the seven naphthalene positions of 2‐arylnaphthalenes is achieved through the regioselective benzannulation of chloro‐, bromo‐, and iodoalkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Expedient Introduction of β‐Methoxyacrylate Unit onto 3‐Substituted Indoles and Application of the Resulting Indole‐Dienes in Organocascade Toward Indolino‐Polycyclics.
Authors: Guo Beibei , Ge Luo , Huang Guanxin , Zhao Long , Chen Jie , Cao Weiguo , Wu Xiaoyu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAn efficient methodology for introducing a β‐alkoxy acrylate unit onto the C‐2 position of 3‐substituted indoles is realized by oxidative radical alkylation of indoles with a xanthate bearing a dialkyl acetal functionality and subsequent elimination of alcohol by treatment with DBU.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Synthesis of 2‐[(E)‐2‐(1H‐Indol‐3‐yl)vinyl]hetarenes.
Authors: Aksenov Alexander V. , Nadein Oleg N. , Aksenov Nicolai A. , Skomorokhov Anton A. , Aksenova Inna V. , Rubin Michael A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA new green method for the synthesis of compounds bearing a non‐symmetrical bishetarylethylene structural motif, compounds of great interest for bioorganic and medicinal chemistry, is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed C—H Activation of Styrylindoles: Short, Efficient, and Regioselective Synthesis of Functionalized Carbazoles.
Authors: Saunthwal Rakesh K. , Patel Monika , Kumar Sonu , Danodia Abhinandan K. , Verma Akhilesh K. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA novel approach to substituted carbazoles is given.
ChemInform Abstract: An Environmental Friendly Approach for the Catalyst‐Free Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrazoles Promoted by Ultrasonic Radiation.
Authors: Nemati Firouzeh , Nikkhah Seyed Hasan , Elhampour Ali 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA cost‐effective and eco‐friendly method for the catalyst‐free one‐pot three‐component synthesis of the title pyrazoles starting from malononitrile, various aromatic aldehydes, and phenylhydrazine or phenylthiosemicarbazide is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Supercritical Methanol as Solvent and Carbon Source in the Catalytic Conversion of 1,2‐Diaminobenzenes and 2‐Nitroanilines to Benzimidazoles.
Authors: Sun Zhuohua , Bottari Giovanni , Barta Katalin 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA variety of benzimidazole derivatives is synthesized by heating 1,2‐diaminobenzenes or 2‐nitroanilines with supercritical alcohols over copper‐doped porous metal oxides as catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Benzothiazol‐2‐yl‐amides by Pd‐Catalyzed C(sp2)—H Functionalization.
Authors: Wang Jun‐Ke , Zong Ying‐Xiao , Wang Xi‐Cun , Hu Yu‐Lai , Yue Guo‐Ren 
Published: April 2016

AbstractVarious N‐benzothiazol‐2‐yl‐amides are efficiently obtained with good functional group tolerance by intramolecular cyclization of substituted thioureas.
ChemInform Abstract: Selenium Dioxide—Mediated Synthesis of Fused 1,2,4‐Triazoles as Cytotoxic Agents.
Authors: Zheng Heng , Wang Kang , Zhang Wei , Liu Ruihuan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTitle compounds are prepared by oxidative intramolecular cyclization of several alkyl and aryl hydrazones in the presence of selenium dioxide.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Green Synthesis of Azines and Their Conversion to 2,5‐Disubstituted‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles.
Authors: Shridevi D. Doddramappa , Ningaiah Srikantamurthy , Kuduva Narayan U. , Yhya Raad K. , Rai Kuriya M. Lokanatha 
Published: April 2016

Abstract1,3,4‐Thiadiazole derivatives (III) are synthesized via azines (II) by a solvent‐free, clean and efficient method under eco‐friendly benign reaction conditions in excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyano‐Schmittel Cyclization Through Base‐Induced Propargyl‐Allenyl Isomerization: Highly Modular Synthesis of Pyridine‐Fused Aromatic Derivatives.
Authors: You Xu , Xie Xin , Chen Haoyi , Li Yuxue , Liu Yuanhong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPyridine‐fused polycyclic skeletons can be conveniently constructed in a one‐pot manner through cascade Sonogashira coupling of terminal cyano‐ynes with organic halides, followed by base‐promoted propargyl‐allenyl isomerization/cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Addition of a 2‐Alkoxycarbonyl‐1,3‐dithiane to Imines Catalyzed by a Bis(guanidino)iminophosphorane Organosuperbase.
Authors: Kondoh Azusa , Oishi Masafumi , Takeda Tadahiro , Terada Masahiro 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe title reaction gives the adducts of type (III) with good to excellent yields and excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Acyl Amino Acid Ligands for Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed meta‐C—H tert‐Alkylation with Removable Auxiliaries.
Authors: Li Jie , Warratz Svenja , Zell Daniel , De Sarkar Suman , Ishikawa Eloisa Eriko , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRuthenium (II) complexes obtained from monoprotected amino acids are highly active catalysts for the meta‐functionalization of various anilines as well as pyridyl‐, pyrimidyl‐, and pyrazolyl‐ substituted arenes with removable directing groups using tertiary alkyl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Enantioselective Biginelli Reaction Using Self‐Assembled Methanoproline—Thiourea Organocatalysts: Asymmetric Synthesis of 6‐Isopropyl‐3,4‐dihydropyrimidines.
Authors: Hang Zhijun , Zhu Jun , Lian Xiang , Xu Peng , Yu Han , Han Sheng 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe three‐component reaction of thiourea, aldehydes, and ketoester (III) allows the synthesis of a wide range of pyrimidine derivatives in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: A Cu/Pd Cooperative Catalysis for Enantioselective Allylboration of Alkenes.
Authors: Jia Tao , Cao Peng , Wang Bing , Lou Yazhou , Yin Xuemei , Wang Min , Liao Jian 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe catalytic asymmetric three‐component reaction of various styrenes, Bpin‐Bpin, and allyl carbonates is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Cerium Intermetallics CeTX ‐ Review III
Authors: Poettgen Rainer , Janka Oliver , Chevalier Bernard 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReview: crystal chemistry, bonding peculiarities, magnetic and transport properties, 119Sn Moessbauer spectroscopic data, high‐pressure studies, hydrogenation reactions, as well as the formation of solid solutions of CeTX phases with electron‐poor and electron‐rich transition metals (T) and X: Mg, Zn, Cd, Hg, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb, and Bi; 296 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Pharmacological Applications of Chalcones : A Review
Authors: Ugwu David I. , Ezema Benjamin E. , Okoro Uchechukwu C. , Eze Florence U. , Ekoh Ogechi C. , Egbujor Melford C. , Ugwuja Daniel I. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReview: 192 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Explorations: Exhibiting the Extent of Extended Cationic Cyclophanes
Authors: Dale Edward J. , Vermeulen Nicolaas A. , Juricek Michal , Barnes Jonathan C. , Young Ryan M. , Wasielewski Michael R. , Stoddart J. Fraser 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReview: 61 refs.
The first comprehensive report on Indigenous Australian women's inequalities in cervical screening: A retrospective registry cohort study in Queensland, Australia (2000‐2011)
Authors: Whop Lisa J. , Garvey Gail , Baade Peter , Cunningham Joan , Lokuge Kamalini , Brotherton Julia M. L. , Valery Patricia C. , O'Connell Dianne L. , Canfell Karen , Diaz Abbey , Roder David , Gertig Dorota , Moore Suzanne P. , Condon John R. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDThe Australian National Cervical Screening Program, introduced more than 20 years ago, does not record the Indigenous status of screening participants. This article reports the first population‐based estimates of participation in cervical screening for Indigenous and non‐Indigenous Australian women.METHODSThis was a retrospective, population‐based study of 1,334,795 female Queensland residents, aged 20 to 69 years, who participated in cervical screening from 2000 to 2011; 26,829 were identified as Indigenous through linkage to hospitalization records. Participation rates were calculated as the number of women screened divided by the average estimated resident population, with adjustments made for hysterectomies, for each 2‐, 3‐, and 5‐year screening period. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), which were adjusted for age group, place of residence, and socioeconomic disadvantage.RESULTSIn 2010‐2011, the 2‐year participation rate was 55.7% (95% CI, 55.6%‐55.9%) for non‐Indigenous women and 33.5% (95% CI, 32.9%‐34.1%) for Indigenous women; this represented a decrease from 2000‐2001 (57.7% [95% CI, 57.6%‐57.9%] and 35.3% [95% CI, 34.5%‐36.1%], respectively). The difference between Indigenous and non‐Indigenous women was greatest for those aged 45 to 49 years. The 3‐ and 5‐year participation rates were higher within both groups, and the absolute differences between the 2 groups were larger. Significant interactions between the Indigenous status and the place of residence and socioeconomic disadvantage highlight that the Indigenous/non‐Indigenous differential was evident in all places of residence except for very remote areas (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.95‐1.02) and was greatest in the most affluent areas (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.24‐0.27).CONCLUSIONSIndigenous Australian women participate less than non‐Indigenous women, and this gap has not closed. These results provide important benchmarks for the new Australian cervical screening program commencing in 2017, which will provide opportunities to reduce inequities for Indigenous women and address longstanding data deficiencies in the collection of the Indigenous status. Cancer 2016;122:1560–9. © 2016 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society.
Hybridization Histochemistry of Neural Transcripts
Authors: Young W. Scott , Song June , Mezey Éva 
Published: April 2016

AbstractExpression of genes is manifested by the production of RNA transcripts within cells. Hybridization histochemistry (or in situ hybridization) permits localization of these transcripts with cellular resolution or better. Furthermore, the relative amounts of transcripts detected in different tissues or in the same tissues in different states (e.g., physiological or developmental) may be quantified.This unit describes hybridization histochemical techniques using either oligodeoxynucleotide probes (see Basic Protocols 1 and 2, Alternate Protocol 1) or RNA probes (riboprobes; see Basic Protocols 3 and 5). These methods include a more recent approach using commercially available sets of oligodeoxynucleotide pairs for colorimetric and fluorescent detection (see Basic Protocol 2), as well as a method for detection of the Y chromosome using either mouse or human riboprobes (see Basic Protocol 5). Additional methods include colorimetric detection (see Basic Protocol 4) and tyramide signal amplification (TSA) of digoxigenin‐labeled probes (see Alternate Protocol 2), and autoradiographic detection of radiolabeled probes (see Basic Protocol 6). Finally, methods are provided for labeling oligodeoxynucleotide (see Support Protocol 1) and RNA (see Support Protocol 2) probes, and verifying the probes by northern analysis (see Support Protocol 3). © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Frugivores bias seed‐adult tree associations through nonrandom seed dispersal: a phylogenetic approach
Authors: Razafindratsima Onja H. , Dunham Amy E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFrugivores are the main seed dispersers in many ecosystems, such that behaviorally driven, nonrandom patterns of seed dispersal are a common process; but patterns are poorly understood. Characterizing these patterns may be essential for understanding spatial organization of fruiting trees and drivers of seed‐dispersal limitation in biodiverse forests. To address this, we studied resulting spatial associations between dispersed seeds and adult tree neighbors in a diverse rainforest in Madagascar, using a temporal and phylogenetic approach. Data show that by using fruiting trees as seed‐dispersal foci, frugivores bias seed dispersal under conspecific adults and under heterospecific trees that share dispersers and fruiting time with the dispersed species. Frugivore‐mediated seed dispersal also resulted in nonrandom phylogenetic associations of dispersed seeds with their nearest adult neighbors, in nine out of the 16 months of our study. However, these nonrandom phylogenetic associations fluctuated unpredictably over time, ranging from clustered to overdispersed. The spatial and phylogenetic template of seed dispersal did not translate to similar patterns of association in adult tree neighborhoods, suggesting the importance of post‐dispersal processes in structuring plant communities. Results suggest that frugivore‐mediated seed dispersal is important for structuring early stages of plant‐plant associations, setting the template for post‐dispersal processes that influence ultimate patterns of plant recruitment. Importantly, if biased patterns of dispersal are common in other systems, frugivores may promote tree coexistence in biodiverse forests by limiting the frequency and diversity of heterospecific interactions of seeds they disperse.
Experimental behaviour and deflection of low‐strength concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars
Authors: Confrere Adeline , Michel Laurent , Ferrier Emmanuel , Chanvillard Gilles 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFRP rebars with low compressive strength concrete is desirable in order to avoid the accelerated corrosion processes that could occur with steel rebars. For this purpose, an experimental programme was designed to identify the failure modes and bending behaviour. The experimental results are compared with equations from ACI 440.1R‐06, CSA S806‐12 and other design codes as well as with other results from a review of the literature.The comparisons indicate that the resistance moment is well predicted by codes for flexural failure. At ultimate loads, the deflection of the beams is further underestimated compared with the deflection of Reinforced Concrete beams with a higher compressive strength. An analytical simulation of 690 beams indicates that deflection is the major limiting criterion at the serviceability limit state.Finally, the formulation problem of the optimal FRP design for reinforced concrete beams can be turned into a programming problem. The space of the feasible design solutions and the optimal solutions can be obtained using only a reduced number of design variables and an existing design method.
Bond behaviour of straight, hooked, U‐shaped and headed bars in cracked concrete
Authors: Brantschen F. , Faria D.M.V. , Fernández Ruiz M. , Muttoni A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMost classic investigations on bonding properties in reinforced concrete have been performed on the basis of pull‐out tests, where a reinforcement bar is pulled out from an uncracked concrete cylinder, prism or cube. In these tests, the bond is governed by the concrete strength and bar surface properties of the reinforcement (bond index, rib geometry) or by the splitting strength of the concrete (concrete cover). In the latter case, bond failure occurs due to uncontrolled cracking of the concrete specimen. In contrast to these fundamental tests, bond in many structural members is activated within already cracked concrete. This is particularly relevant for the reinforcement in beams and slabs (both for flexural and transverse reinforcement), as the reinforcing bars might be located at planes where flexural cracks develop. The opening of these cracks along the reinforcement is nevertheless not uncontrolled (as opposed to splitting failures), but it is governed by the bending deformations. The bond properties and strength of the reinforcement in actual members are therefore influenced by the opening of these cracks and are potentially different from those observed in classic pull‐out tests.The present paper aims to address this topic by presenting the results of an experimental investigation with 89 monotonic pull‐out tests performed on cracked ties. The opening of the cracks was controlled while transverse bars – located in the plane of these cracks – were pulled out from the specimens. The tests were performed for crack openings ranging from 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm in order to cover conditions both at the serviceability and ultimate limit states. The results show a very significant influence of in‐plane cracking on both strength and bond‐slip stiffness, with decreasing mechanical performance for increasing crack openings. The performance of different actual anchorage types (straight, hooked, U‐shaped and headed bars) – generally characterized through force‐slip relationships – is finally analytically investigated and compared to the test results.