bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timing the Evolution of the Galactic Disk with NGC 6791: An Open Cluster with Peculiar High-α Chemistry as Seen by APOGEE
Authors: Linden Sean T. , Pryal Matthew , Hayes Christian R. , Troup Nicholas W. , Majewski Steven R. , Andrews Brett H. , Beers Timothy C. , Carrera Ricardo , Cunha Katia , Fernández-Trincado J. G. , Frinchaboy Peter , Geisler Doug , Lane Richard R. , Nitschelm Christian , Pan Kaike , Prieto Carlos Allende , Roman-Lopes Alexandre , Smith Verne V. , Sobeck Jennifer , Tang Baitian , Villanova Sandro , Zasowski Gail 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We utilize elemental-abundance information for Galactic red giant stars in five open clusters (NGC 7789, NGC 6819, M67, NGC 188, and NGC 6791) from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) DR13 data set to age-date the chemical evolution of the high- and low-α element sequences of the Milky Way (MW). Key to this time-stamping is the cluster NGC 6791, whose stellar members have mean abundances that place it in the high-α, high-[Fe/H] region of the [α/Fe]–[Fe/H] plane. Based on the cluster’s age (∼8 Gyr), Galactocentric radius, and height above the Galactic plane, as well as comparable chemistry reported for APOGEE stars in Baade’s Window, we suggest that the two most likely origins for NGC 6791 are as an original part of the thick disk, or as a former member of the Galactic bulge. Moreover, because NGC 6791 lies at the high-metallicity end ([Fe/H] ∼ 0.4) of the high-α sequence, the age of NGC 6791 places a limit on the youngest age of stars in the high-metallicity, high-α sequence for the cluster’s parent population (i.e., either the bulge or the disk). In a similar way, we can also use the age and chemistry of NGC 188 to set a limit of ∼7 Gyr on the oldest age of the low-α sequence of the MW. Therefore, NGC 6791 and NGC 188 are potentially a pair of star clusters that bracket both the timing and the duration of an important transition point in the chemical history of the MW.
Magnifying the Early Episodes of Star Formation: Super Star Clusters at Cosmological Distances*
Authors: Vanzella E. , Castellano M. , Meneghetti M. , Mercurio A. , Caminha G. B. , Cupani G. , Calura F. , Christensen L. , Merlin E. , Rosati P. , Gronke M. , Dijkstra M. , Mignoli M. , Gilli R. , Barros S. De , Caputi K. , Grillo C. , Balestra I. , Cristiani S. , Nonino M. , Giallongo E. , Grazian A. , Pentericci L. , Fontana A. , Comastri A. , Vignali C. , Zamorani G. , Brusa M. , Bergamini P. , Tozzi P. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We study the spectrophotometric properties of a highly magnified (

) pair of stellar systems identified at z = 3.2222 behind the Hubble Frontier Field galaxy cluster MACS J0416. Five multiple images (out of six) have been spectroscopically confirmed by means of VLT/MUSE and VLT/X-Shooter observations. Each image includes two faint (

), young (

Myr), low-mass (

), low-metallicity (12 + Log(O/H) ≃ 7.7, or 1/10 solar), and compact (30 pc effective radius) stellar systems separated by

pc after correcting for lensing amplification. We measured several rest-frame ultraviolet and optical narrow (

km s−1) high-ionization lines. These features may be the signature of very hot (

K) stars within dense stellar clusters, whose dynamical mass is likely dominated by the stellar component. Remarkably, the ultraviolet metal lines are not accompanied by Lyα emission (e.g., C iv/Lyα

), despite the fact that the Lyα line flux is expected to be 150 times brighter (inferred from the Hβ flux). A spatially offset, strongly magnified (

) Lyα emission with a spatial extent

kpc2 is instead identified 2 kpc away from the system. The origin of such a faint emission could be the result of fluorescent Lyα induced by a transverse leakage of ionizing radiation emerging from the stellar systems and/or may be associated with an underlying and barely detected object (with

de-lensed). This is the first confirmed metal-line emitter at such low-luminosity and redshift without Lyα emission—suggesting that, at least in some cases, a non-uniform covering factor of the neutral gas might hamper the Lyα detection.
Jésus, accomplissement des prophéties et prophète. Jean-Marie Lustiger et la responsabilité chrétienne
Authors: Guggenheim Antoine 
Published: June 2017

L’enseignement christologique du Cardinal Lustiger, sans être systématique, offre un véritable programme théologique. La mémoire de la Shoah pousse au ressourcement de la tradition (participation à l’élection, connaissance des Écritures, universalité de la mission) ; la permanence d’Israël ouvre l’accomplissement de la Loi en Jésus ; Jésus est prophétie et accomplissement des prophéties.
Les trois héritages de Tibhirine
Authors: Petit Jean-François 
Published: June 2017

Cet article fait le point, vingt ans après leur disparition, sur l’héritage des moines de Tibhirine. L’A. le situe à trois niveaux : le choix de la non-violence, la rencontre interculturelle et interreligieuse, l’anthropologie fondamentale, confirmant ainsi le caractère universel de leur message.
La politisation par l’occupation. Pratiques quotidiennes et trajectoires d’ empowerment dans un squat madrilène
Authors: Nez Héloïse 
Published: June 2017

En Espagne, le 15M a impulsé une vague d’occupations, à partir du 15 mai 2011, non seulement de places publiques, mais aussi de locaux désaffectés et de logements vides. Les Indignados , qui s’inscrivent ainsi dans la suite du mouvement des squatteurs, s’en distinguent par une diversification du profil socio-économique, des orientations idéologiques et des trajectoires des occupants. À partir d’une étude de cas dans le quartier madrilène de Carabanchel, cet article porte sur ces nouveaux occupants sans passé militant, en mettant en lien leurs pratiques et représentations de l’occupation avec leurs trajectoires sociales, professionnelles et politiques. Il s’intéresse aux facteurs de leur engagement, en insistant sur la dégradation de leur situation socio-économique et les opportunités que leur offre le squat en termes de résolution de problèmes concrets et de reconnaissance sociale. L’analyse porte également sur leurs pratiques quotidiennes, à l’origine d’une prise de conscience d’une capacité d’agir individuelle et collective. Ces trajectoires d’ empowerment s’accompagnent d’un changement de leurs perceptions des mouvements sociaux, des médias et du système économique et politique.
« Le respect de la boutique »
Authors: Lecomte Damien , Bouvard Hugo , Perez Déborah , Boelaert Julien 
Published: June 2017

Cet article étudie la « fronde » socialiste à l’Assemblée nationale sous la 14 e législature (2012-2017), un épisode de forte indiscipline de vote au sein du groupe socialiste majoritaire, portant sur le cœur de la politique économique gouvernementale. Il en détaille la chronologie, en prêtant une attention particulière aux récits des acteurs, députés et collaborateurs. En s’appuyant à la fois sur une approche ethnographique, sur des données prosopographiques et sur les archives des votes à l’Assemblée nationale depuis 1993, il objective statistiquement le groupe des frondeurs et replace les récits qu’en font les protagonistes dans une perspective historique. Par son ampleur, les acteurs qu’elle mobilise et les pratiques dont elle relève, la fronde constitue un épisode inédit, caractéristique de la 14 e législature. Pour autant, elle s’inscrit dans un processus de plus long terme d’étiolement de la discipline partisane au sein du groupe socialiste et traduit des changements progressifs dans la gestion des dissensions internes.
Antigen Availability and DOCK2-Driven Motility Govern CD4+ T Cell Interactions with Dendritic Cells In Vivo
Authors: Ackerknecht Markus , Gollmer Kathrin , Germann Philipp , Ficht Xenia , Abe Jun , Fukui Yoshinori , Swoger Jim , Ripoll Jorge , Sharpe James , Stein Jens V. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Parenchymal migration of naive CD4+ T cells in lymph nodes (LNs) is mediated by the Rac activator DOCK2 and PI3Kγ and is widely assumed to facilitate efficient screening of dendritic cells (DCs) presenting peptide-MHCs (pMHCs). Yet how CD4+ T cell motility, DC density, and pMHC levels interdependently regulate such interactions has not been comprehensively examined. Using intravital imaging of reactive LNs in DC-immunized mice, we show that pMHC levels determined the occurrence and timing of stable CD4+ T cell–DC interactions. Despite the variability in interaction parameters, ensuing CD4+ T cell proliferation was comparable over a wide range of pMHC levels. Unexpectedly, decreased intrinsic motility of DOCK2−/− CD4+ T cells did not impair encounters with DCs in dense paracortical networks and, instead, increased interaction stability, whereas PI3Kγ deficiency had no effect on interaction parameters. In contrast, intravital and whole-organ imaging showed that DOCK2-driven T cell motility was required to detach from pMHClow DCs and to find rare pMHChigh DCs. In sum, our data uncover flexible signal integration by scanning CD4+ T cells, suggesting a search strategy evolved to detect low-frequency DCs presenting high cognate pMHC levels.
Elimination of Babesia microti Is Dependent on Intraerythrocytic Killing and CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Skariah Sini , Arnaboldi Paul , Dattwyler Raymond J. , Sultan Ali A. , Gaylets Corey , Walwyn Odaelys , Mulhall Hannah , Wu Xia , Dargham Soha R. , Mordue Dana G. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Babesiosis is a tick-borne zoonosis caused by protozoans of the genus Babesia, apicomplexan parasites that replicate within erythrocytes. However, unlike related Plasmodium species, the pathogenesis of Babesia infection remains poorly understood. The primary etiological agent of babesiosis in the United States is B. microti. In healthy individuals, tick-transmitted infection with Babesia causes no specific clinical manifestations, with many having no symptoms at all. However, even in asymptomatic people, a Babesia carriage state can be established that can last up to a year or more. Current blood bank screening methods do not identify infected donors, and Babesia parasites survive blood-banking procedures and storage. Thus, Babesia can also be transmitted by infected blood, and it is currently the number one cause of reportable transfusion-transmitted infection in the United States. Despite a significant impact on human health, B. microti remains understudied. In this study, we evaluated the course of Babesia infection in three strains of mice, C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ, and C3H-HeJ, and examined the contribution of multiple immune parameters, including TLRs, B cells, CD4+ cells, IFN-γ, and NO, on the level of parasitemia and parasite clearance during acute babesiosis. We found that B. microti reaches high parasitemia levels during the first week of infection in all three mice strains before resolving spontaneously. Our results indicate that resolution of babesiosis requires CD4 T cells and a novel mechanism of parasite killing within infected erythrocytes.
Pulmonary Involvement in Patients with Guillain–Barré Syndrome in Subacute Phase
Authors: Khanna Meeka , Rawat Nidhi , Gupta Anupam , Nagappa Madhu , Taly Arun B. , Rukmani M. R. , Sathyaprabha T. N. , Haldar Partha 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Objectives: To evaluate the pulmonary function in Guillain�Barre syndrome (GBS) patients in subacute phase and find clinical correlates of pulmonary dysfunction. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, cross-sectional, hospital-based study in GBS patients performed in Department of Neurological Rehabilitation at a tertiary care institute. Clinical examination for pulmonary function was done by measuring chest expansion. The pulmonary function tests were carried out by Spirometry kit Microquark Cosmed, Italy. Fatigue was assessed by Fatigue Severity Scale, disability status by Hughes Disability Scale (HDS), and muscle weakness by Medical Research Council sum scores. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed by Stata 11. The significance of P value was adjudged against an alpha of 0.05. Results: Twenty-eight patients were included with 17 (61%) men and mean age of 31 years. Median duration of symptoms was 16.5 days. There were 10 (36%) demyelinating and 18 (64%) axonal variants. Twenty-six (93%) patients scored more than 2 on HDS. All study participants reported fatigue. Twenty-two (78.6%) patients had chest expansion of <2.5 cm. Spirometry showed restrictive pulmonary dysfunction in 23 (79%) patients. Significant correlation was found between abnormal pulmonary function test and chest expansion (P = 0.003). Conclusion: Pulmonary dysfunction in GBS is common even during subacute phase. It needs to be identified and managed appropriately for better clinical outcome.
Comparison of Efficacy of Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Videoangiography in Clipping of Anterior Circulation Aneurysms with Postoperative Digital Subtraction Angiography
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Jagetia Anita , Singh Daljit , Srivastava Arvind Kumar , Tandon Monica Sehgal 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of intraoperative indocyanine green videoangiography (ICG-VA) using postoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in clipped anterior circulation aneurysms. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted for 1 year which included thirty patients of anterior circulation aneurysm treated by clipping of aneurysm. Intraoperative ICG-VA was performed on all the patients. Postoperative DSA was performed to assess the efficacy of ICG-VA. Results: Intraoperative ICG-VA revealed the occlusion of aneurysm in all the thirty patients. Postoperative DSA revealed aneurysm neck remnant in two patients and demonstrated no branch occlusion. Conclusions: Intraoperative ICG-VA is useful in assessing the completeness of clipping of cerebral aneurysms and ensures patency of branch vessels, thus providing a better postoperative outcome. It replaces the need for invasive postoperative angiographic imaging in a selected group of patients and is also cost effective.
Role of Biofilm in Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt Infections: A Study at Tertiary Neurocare Center from South India
Authors: Benachinmardi Kirtilaxmi K. , Ravikumar R. , Indiradevi B. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Biofilms are the source of persistent infections of many pathogenic microbes. They are responsible for nosocomial infection and also associated with many surgical conditions including indwelling medical devices such as ventriculoperitoneal shunt. A significant problem encountered in shunt procedures is obstruction followed by infection, with infection rate ranging from 2 to 27 , often with poor outcome. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Neuromicrobiology at a tertiary neuroinstitute for 6 months from July 1 to December 31, 2014. The samples comprised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from suspected cases of shunt infections. Laboratory diagnosis of causative agent was established by adopting standard procedures. Then, isolates were evaluated for production of biofilm by tissue culture plate (TCP) method and tube method. Results: Of the 1642 shunt CSF samples obtained from neurosurgery, 14.79 were culture positive which yielded 254 isolates. About 51.97 were Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), 46.46 were Gram-positive cocci (GPC), and 1.57 were Candida albicans. Among GNB, nonfermenters were the most common (51.52) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.9). Among GPC, coagulase-negative Staphylococci were 88.13 , out of which 43.26 were methicillin-resistant. Other GPC were Enterococcus spp. (4.24), Staphylococcus aureus (5.08), and Streptococcus spp. (2.54). Among all isolates, 120 were tested for biofilm production, out of which 57.5 were biofilm producers and 42.5 were nonproducers. Conclusions: TCP was the better method to detect biofilm. Most of the biofilm producers were resistant pathogens.
Guillain–Barre Syndrome in Postpartum Period: Rehabilitation Issues and Outcome – Three Case Reports
Authors: Gupta Anupam , Patil Maitreyi , Khanna Meeka , Krishnan Rashmi , Taly Arun B. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTWe report three females who developed Guillain–Barre Syndrome in postpartum period (within 6 weeks of delivery) and were admitted in the Neurological Rehabilitation Department for rehabilitation after the initial diagnosis and treatment in the Department of Neurology. The first case, axonal variant (acute motor axonal neuropathy [AMAN]) had worst presentation at the time of admission, recovered well by the time of discharge. The second case, acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy variant and the third case, AMAN variant presented at the late postpartum period. Medical treatment was sought much later due to various reasons and both the patients had an incomplete recovery at discharge. Apart from their presentations, rehabilitation management is also discussed in some detail.
Review of Cervical Carcinoma Screening Program in Tamil Nadu – Current Trend and Recommendations from a Histopathologist’s Viewpoint
Authors: Ibrahim Shifa S , Kesavaraj Kamaleshwari , Arun Muthumani , Ameen SA Mohamed , Sankar Raasi 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Objectives
Cervical carcinoma, the commonest carcinoma affecting Indian females, is caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Primordial prevention and primary prevention with HPV vaccine and cancer screening respectively, can go a long way in preventing this carcinoma. The health system project in Tamil Nadu has done a commendable job in reducing the disease burden by introducing screening programs for cervical carcinoma at the grassroots level, way back in 2005. This study was done to evaluate the cervical biopsy specimens received as a part of this program to compute its incidence, compare the incidence among various districts, and suggest future directions based on our observations.

Materials and methods
From visual inspection with acetic acid/visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine positive cervical biopsy specimens, 506 were chosen randomly from various districts. Based on histopathological examination, incidence of individual lesions and district-wise incidence were calculated. Predictive factors that determine the progression of these lesions were analyzed based on the literature.

Results
Out of the 506 cervical biopsy specimens, 34 were unsatisfactory. The incidence of high-grade dysplasia peaked around 31 to 40 years, and squamous cell carcinoma peaked among 51 to 60 years. Madurai ranked high in the incidence of both high-grade dysplasia and carcinoma.

Conclusion
Incidence of dysplasia and carcinoma in our study was comparable to those seen in the literature. Integration of HPV deoxyribonucleic acid studies into the program can increase the detection rate, detect the progressors, help to identify the HPV species prevalent in an area, and aid in formulating cost-effective HPV vaccine cocktail.

How to cite this article
Ibrahim SS, Kesavaraj K, Arun M, Ameen SAM, Sankar R. Review of Cervical Carcinoma Screening Program in Tamil Nadu – Current Trend and Recommendations from a Histopathologist’s Viewpoint. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(1):1-7.
Effect of Menopause on Pulmonary Functions: An Analysis
Authors: Karia Amar K , Kedar Kshama V , Munje Radha P 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Background
Sex hormones play an important role in women’s health. There is a close relationship between female sex hormones and lung function in postmenopausal women. Deterioration of lung function is observed more after menopause. Estrogen deficiency after menopause accelerates adverse effects of biological aging on lung mechanics in postmenopausal women. Our study uses spirometer to analyze and evaluate these effects of menopausal aging.

Objective
To study the effects of menopause on pulmonary function tests in women of perimenopausal age group.

Materials and methods
This study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Indira Gandhi Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur, India. A total of 50 women each in premenopausal and menopausal age group were included in our study. Venous blood was collected under aseptic precaution on 10 to 14 days and 18 to 23 days corresponding to follicular and luteal phase of menstrual cycle in premenopausal women and in postmenopausal women, and serum estrogen and progesterone levels were estimated by microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Pulmonary function of all subjects was measured with digital micro spirometer and data collected. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory flow (FEF)25-75, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and forced vital capacity were studied and correlated with symptoms. Data analysis was done using Student’s unpaired t-test and chi-square test.

Results
The mean percentage of predicted values of FEF25-75 and PEFR were lower in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women. Mean serum estrogen levels were significantly lower in postmenopausal women as compared with premenopausal women. Progesterone levels were lower in postmenopausal women and in proliferative phase of premenopausal women as compared with luteal phase of menstrual cycle.

Conclusion
As menopause sets in decreased hormonal levels leads to decreased lung capacity as evident by pulmonary function test. Decreased pulmonary function test can be attributed to lower levels of sex hormones estrogen and progesterone in postmenopausal women.

How to cite this article
Karia AK, Kedar KV, Munje RP. Effect of Menopause on Pulmonary Functions: An Analysis. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(1):16-18.
Role of Imaging in Dilemma of Adnexal Masses in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Agarwal Mohita , Gupta Meeta , Yadav Poonam , Verma Urvashi 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Adnexal masses in postmenopausal women represent a spectrum of conditions from gynaecologic and non gynaecologic sources. Post-menopausal women are especially at high risk of gynaecologic malignancy however even in this population majority of adnexal masses are benign. Tumor markers and high frequency transvaginal ultrasonography with doppler studies project high quality images allowing for detailed macroscopic appearances of masses and remain the least expensive modalities available. Adnexal masses that are suspicious for cancer, women should be referred to gynaecologic oncologist for optimal care.
How to cite this article
Yadav P, Gupta M, Agarwal M, Garg R, Verma U, Gupta S. Role of Imaging in Dilemma of Adnexal Masses in Postmenopausal Women. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(1):45-50.