bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationships between Doctoral Students’ Perceptions of Supervision and Burnout
Authors: Cornér Solveig , Löfström Erika , Pyhältö Kirsi 
Published: October 2017

Aim/Purpose: Both the quality and the quantity of doctoral supervision have been identified as central determinants of the doctoral journey. However, there is a gap in our understanding of how supervision activities are associated with lack of wellbeing, such as burnout, and also to completion of the studies among doctoral students.

Background:	The study explored doctoral students’ perceptions of different aspects of supervision including the primary sources, frequency, expressed satisfaction and their interrelation with experienced stress, exhaustion and cynicism.

Methodology: Altogether 248 doctoral students from three Finnish universities representing social sciences, arts and humanities, and natural and life sciences responded to an adapted version of a Doctoral Experience Survey. A combination of several measures was used to investigate the students’ experiences of supervision and burnout.

Contribution:	The results showed that students benefit from having several and different kinds of supervision activities. Various sources contribute not only to experiences of the doctoral journey and burnout, but also to the completion of the studies.

Findings: Experienced lack of satisfaction with supervision and equality within the researcher community and a low frequency of supervision were related to experiences of burnout. Experiences of burnout were connected to students’ attrition intentions. Attrition intentions were related to source of supervision, the form of thesis, and inadequate supervision frequency. Frequency was related to both experience of burnout and likelihood of attrition.

Recommendations for Practitioners: A recommendation developed from this research is to assist doctoral students with sufficient support, especially equality within the scholarly community and frequency of supervision. Further, greater emphasis could be put on group supervision and other collective forms of supervision. It is important that doctoral students develop networks both nationally and internationally.

Recommendation for Researchers:	A recommendation emanating from this research is to put greater emphasis on further investigation of the role of other predictors in burnout in order to enhance doctoral students’ well-being.

Impact on Society: A better understanding of factors that promote lower attrition rates and enhance well-being for doctoral students is likely to lead to more efficient use of finacial and intellectual resources in academia and society more broadly.

Future Research: Given the results of this study, qualitative interviews might be helpful in mapping out the dynamics that lead to attrition and to identify the mechanisms in the researcher community that support the doctoral students and enhance well-being in their doctoral journey.
Enhancing Students’ Learning through Early Class Preparation
Authors: A.  Nkhoma Clara , Nkhoma Mathews , ulhaq Irfan , Q Mai Sang 
Published: October 2017

Aim/Purpose: Development of a conceptual model linking early class preparation to improve class participation and performance.

Background:	Class preparation and class participation are precursors for the students’ performance.

Methodology: Literature review.

Findings: In a student-centered class environment, class preparation remains essential for the successful collaboration and participation. The literature review in this stream reveals that little attention has been paid to undergraduate class levels.

Recommendation for Researchers: The literature review shows that there is a need for more research using undergraduate classes.

Future Research: Validation and application of model in different educational program and discipline settings
Technology versus Quality Education in an Underdeveloped Region: A Case Study of UNISA Students in Former Ciskei Homeland in Eastern Cape
Authors: Fosu Agyei 
Published: October 2017

Aim/Purpose: This paper seeks to show how University of South Africa (UNISA) is using technology to connect lecturers, tutors and students of [UNISA] in an underdeveloped region in South Africa (SA) to reduce cost and time of travelling to access information, tutorials and help [available] in designated centers, hence making quality and higher education more accessible and less costly.

Background: This empirical study gives evidence to back the effectiveness, helpfulness and cost reduction of using technology as a medium of making quality and higher education accessible to under developed regions.
Methodology	Quantitative and purposeful sampling was deemed appropriate for the study, whereby 200 questionnaires was developed and specifically distributed to UNISA students from former Ciskei towns at East London Tutorial Center.

Contribution: The paper is about the usage of mobile technology for knowledge creation and dissemination, instruction and learning, The data generated and presented add to the knowledge base about underdeveloped countries. This data and the conclusions reached based the analysis could be of interest to researchers, university administrators, politicians, planners and policy makers in underdeveloped countries.

Findings: Evaluation of the overall effectiveness, helpfulness and cost reduction of e-tutorials show a slight advantage over the face-face tutorials.

Recommendations for Practitioners: In the quest for ways and means of making quality and higher education accessible to underdeveloped regions, no matter which medium is chosen, the periodic measurement of success in terms of effectiveness, helpfulness, and cost implication in relation to the learner cannot be over looked.

Recommendation for Researchers:	More work needs to be done to check the effectiveness of technology as an efficient medium to provide access to quality and higher education to underdeveloped regional economies.
Impact on Society	The results could have significant implications for raising the level of education and advancing employment equity by improving the delivery and accessibility to quality and higher education to underdeveloped regional economies.

Future Research: The analysis of cost efficiency and effectiveness done in this work is just representative of one point of view: the student one of accessibility and cost. There is, however, need in future work to research the implications for the institutions of higher education (in terms teaching design, curriculum design, knowledge of individual learning types, need for change in and rate of change in knowledge view, learning philosophies), individual stakeholders, and the competitive repositioning of society.
PENILAIAN INDEKS AKUNTABILITAS INSTANSI PEMERINTAH
Authors: Afriyanti Dwi , Sabanu Harpanto Guno , Noor Fahrizal 
Published: October 2017

Accountability has been presumed by government agencies as limited to budget realization reporting through the preparation of the financial statements. The entities believe that activities have been adequately accountable if they were fairly presented through financial statements, regardless of whether they improve people's welfare or not. This presumption is different from the accountability perceived by the public. This research aimed to obtain information about accountability measurement best practices that have been applied in government institutions and other countries, that might be useful to formulate a methodology of accountability index measurement in Indonesia government institutions. The research concluded that a system that can assess the level of the government institution's accountability is needed. This system is in the form of indexes which can be used to measure the level of government's ability to achieve its performance for people's welfare. The assessment of the government accountability level could be more comprehensive if the accountability indexes were managed in an integrated way which will lead to obtaining final results or quantitative conclusions. ABSTRAKSelama ini akuntabilitas dipahami oleh instansi pemerintah hanya sebatas pada pelaporan penggunaan anggaran melalui penyusunan laporan keuangan. Entitas tersebut menganggap pertanggungjawaban kegiatan telah dilaksanakan secara memadai, terlepas dari apakah kegiatan yang dilaksanakan memberi manfaat atau tidak terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Hal ini berbeda dengan akuntabilitas yang diharapkan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang bestpractices pengukuran akuntabilitas yang sudah berjalan di instansi pemerintah dan dari negara lain sehingga dapat digunakan untuk merumuskan metodologi penilaian Indeks Akuntabilitas instansi Pemerintah di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa diperlukan suatu sistem yang dapat menilai tingkat akuntabilitas instansi pemerintah. Sistem tersebut berupa indeks-indeks yang dapat dipergunakan untuk mengukur tingkat kemampuan pemerintah dalam mencapai kinerjanya bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penilaian atas tingkat akuntabilitas pemerintah dapat lebih komprehensif, bila indeks-indeks penilaian yang sudah dilakukan instansi-instansi tersebut dikelola secara terintegrasi, sehingga memperoleh hasil akhir atau simpulan kuantitatif atas penilaian-penilaian tersebut.
UNDERSTANDING AUDIT METHODS TO ASSIST PLANNING ON PROGRAM EVALUATION: SHARING GAO'S EXPERIENCE ON NATIONAL HEALTH SECURITY PROGRAM
Authors: Adnyana I Gede Sudi 
Published: October 2017

BPK has a mandate to conduct a performance audit for examining whether government agencies have implemented their critical programs in the possible aspects of efficiency, effectiveness, or economy. Nevertheless, the current audit methods for those government programs designed at the planning stages by the audit teams have not been fully emphasized on one or a combination of four main types of evaluation, such as process and/or implementation evaluation; outcome evaluation; impact evaluation; and cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses. They can be identified by using measures of program performance, along with other information, to study the benefits of a program or how to improve it. The program chosen is the NHS program, evaluated by using GAO's experience which was empirically implemented and observed by the author during the fellowship program in the Agency. This study discusses the evaluation of FOD evaluation and a general guide to address researchable questions derived from NHS program stage evaluation, analysis of researchable question types, and to consider some challenges at designing evaluations. Further, BPK could improve the methods and design of its performance audit plan as regards program evaluation by considering such variables that have been applied in their best practices.
X-Ray Timing Analysis of Cyg X-3 Using AstroSat/LAXPC: Detection of Milli-hertz Quasi-periodic Oscillations during the Flaring Hard X-Ray State
Authors: Pahari Mayukh , Antia H M , Yadav J S , Chauhan Jai Verdhan , Agrawal P C , Misra Ranjeev , Chitnis V R , Dedhia Dhiraj , Katoch Tilak , Madhwani P , Manchanda R K , Paul B , Shah Parag 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We present here results from the X-ray timing and spectral analysis of the X-ray binary Cyg X-3 using observations from the Large Area X-ray proportional Counter on board AstroSat. Consecutive light curves observed over a period of one year show the binary orbital period of 17253.56 ± 0.19 s. Another low-amplitude, slow periodicity of the order of 35.8 ± 1.4 days is observed, which may be due to the orbital precession as suggested earlier by Molteni et al. During the rising binary phase, power density spectra from different observations during the flaring hard X-ray state show quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) at ∼5–8 mHz, ∼12–14 mHz, and ∼18–24 mHz frequencies at the minimum confidence of 99%. However, during the consecutive binary decay phase, no QPO is detected up to 2σ significance. Energy-dependent time-lag spectra show soft lag (soft photons lag hard photons) at the mHz QPO frequency and the fractional rms of the QPO increases with the photon energy. During the binary motion, the observation of mHz QPOs during the rising phase of the flaring hard state may be linked to the increase in the supply of the accreting material in the disk and corona via stellar wind from the companion star. During the decay phase, the compact source moves in the outer wind region causing the decrease in supply of material for accretion. This may cause weakening of the mHz QPOs below the detection limit. This is also consistent with the preliminary analysis of the orbital phase-resolved energy spectra presented in this paper.
Implications of Binary Black Hole Detections on the Merger Rates of Double Neutron Stars and Neutron Star–Black Holes
Authors: Gupta Anuradha , Arun K. G. , Sathyaprakash B. S. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We show that the inferred merger rate and chirp masses of binary black holes (BBHs) detected by advanced LIGO (aLIGO) can be used to constrain the rate of double neutron star (DNS) and neutron star–black hole (NSBH) mergers in the universe. We explicitly demonstrate this by considering a set of publicly available population synthesis models of Dominik et al. and show that if all the BBH mergers, GW150914, LVT151012, GW151226, and GW170104, observed by aLIGO arise from isolated binary evolution, the predicted DNS merger rate may be constrained to be 2.3–471.0 Gpc−3 yr−1 and that of NSBH mergers will be constrained to 0.2–48.5 Gpc−3 yr−1. The DNS merger rates are not constrained much, but the NSBH rates are tightened by a factor of ∼4 as compared to their previous rates. Note that these constrained DNS and NSBH rates are extremely model-dependent and are compared to the unconstrained values 2.3–472.5 Gpc−3 yr−1 and 0.2–218 Gpc−3 yr−1, respectively, using the same models of Dominik et al. (2012a). These rate estimates may have implications for short Gamma Ray Burst progenitor models assuming they are powered (solely) by DNS or NSBH mergers. While these results are based on a set of open access population synthesis models, which may not necessarily be the representative ones, the proposed method is very general and can be applied to any number of models, thereby yielding more realistic constraints on the DNS and NSBH merger rates from the inferred BBH merger rate and chirp mass.
Extinction Ratios in the Inner Galaxy as Revealed by the VVV Survey
Authors: Alonso-García Javier , Minniti Dante , Catelan Márcio , Contreras Ramos Rodrigo , Gonzalez Oscar A. , Hempel Maren , Lucas Philip W. , Saito Roberto K. , Valenti Elena , Zoccali Manuela 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Interstellar extinction toward the Galactic Center (GC) is large and significantly differential. Its reddening and dimming effects in red clump (RC) stars in the Galactic Bulge can be exploited to better constrain the extinction law toward the innermost Galaxy. By virtue of a deep and complete catalog of more than 30 million objects at

and

obtained from VVV survey observations, we apply the RC method to infer the selective-to-total extinction ratios in the Z, Y, J, H, and K

s
broadband near-infrared filters. The measured values are smaller than previously reported, and are not constant, with mean values of, e.g.,

and

. We also obtain a ratio A

Z
:A

Y
:A

J
:A

H
:

of 7.74:5.38:3.30:1.88:1.0, implying extinction toward the GC to follow a distribution as a function of wavelength steeper than previously reported, consistent with a power law

in the near-infrared.
Orchestrating Role of Apoptosis Inhibitor of Macrophage in the Resolution of Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Kimura Hiroki , Suzuki Masaru , Konno Satoshi , Shindou Hideo , Shimizu Takao , Nagase Takahide , Miyazaki Toru , Nishimura Masaharu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Appropriate resolution of inflammation is known to be essential in tissue homeostasis. In this study, we evaluated the significance of a macrophage-derived soluble protein, apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM), in LPS-induced lung injury in mice. After oropharyngeal administration of LPS, the level of free-form serum AIM increased on days 2–4, accompanied by the resolution of inflammation, which was observed in the cellular profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In an experiment using wild-type (WT) and AIM−/− mice, the resolution of inflammation was accelerated in AIM−/− mice when compared with the WT mice, which was reversed when recombinant AIM protein was administered. The changes in the histopathological findings and inflammatory mediators followed similar trends, and the ratio of apoptotic cells was increased in AIM−/− mice when compared with the WT mice. In vitro analysis showed that macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils was suppressed in the presence of AIM, indicating that anti-resolution property of AIM involves efferocytosis inhibition. In lipidomic analysis of lung tissues, the levels of several lipid mediators increased markedly when LPS was given to WT mice. However, in AIM−/− mice, the concentrations of these lipid mediators were not significantly upregulated by LPS. These data reflect the significant role of AIM in lipid metabolism; it may suppress lipid metabolites at baseline, and then produce an inflammatory/pathologic pattern in the event of LPS-induced lung injury. Taken together, AIM may play an orchestrating role in the resolution process of inflammation by altering the profile of pulmonary lipid mediators in mice.
Relative Discrete Series Representations for Two Quotients ofp-adic GLn
Authors: Smith Jerrod Manford 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe provide an explicit construction of representations in the discrete spectrum of twop-adic symmetric spaces. We consider GLn(F) × GLn(F)\GL2n(F) and GLn(F)\GLn(E), whereEis a quadratic Galois extension of a nonarchimedean local fieldFof characteristic zero and odd residual characteristic. The proof of the main result involves an application of a symmetric space version of Casselman’s Criterion for square integrability due to Kato and Takano.
Evaluation of five dry particle deposition parameterizations for incorporation into atmospheric transport models
Authors: Khan Tanvir R. , Perlinger Judith A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Despite considerable effort to develop mechanistic dry particle deposition parameterizations for atmospheric transport models, current knowledge has been inadequate to propose quantitative measures of the relative performance of available parameterizations. In this study, we evaluated the performance of five dry particle deposition parameterizations developed by Zhang et al. (2001) (Z01), Petroff and Zhang (2010) (PZ10), Kouznetsov and Sofiev (2012) (KS12), Zhang and He (2014) (ZH14), and Zhang and Shao (2014) (ZS14), respectively. The evaluation was performed in three dimensions: model ability to reproduce observed deposition velocities, Vd (accuracy); the influence of imprecision in input parameter values on the modeled Vd (uncertainty); and identification of the most influential parameter(s) (sensitivity). The accuracy of the modeled Vd was evaluated using observations obtained from five land use categories (LUCs): grass, coniferous and deciduous forests, natural water, and ice/snow. To ascertain the uncertainty in modeled Vd, and quantify the influence of imprecision in key model input parameters, a Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis was performed. The Sobol' sensitivity analysis was conducted with the objective to determine the parameter ranking from the most to the least influential. Comparing the normalized mean bias factors (indicators of accuracy), we find that the ZH14 parameterization is the most accurate for all LUCs except for coniferous forest, for which it is second most accurate. From Monte Carlo simulations, the estimated mean normalized uncertainties in the modeled Vd obtained for seven particle sizes (ranging from 0.005 to 2.5 µm) for the five LUCs are 17, 12, 13, 16, and 27 % for the Z01, PZ10, KS12, ZH14, and ZS14 parameterizations, respectively. From the Sobol' sensitivity results, we suggest that the parameter rankings vary by particle size and LUC for a given parameterization. Overall, for dp  =  0.001 to 1.0 µm, friction velocity was one of the three most influential parameters in all parameterizations. For giant particles (dp  =  10 µm), relative humidity was the most influential parameter. Because it is the least complex of the five parameterizations, and it has the greatest accuracy and least uncertainty, we propose that the ZH14 parameterization is currently superior for incorporation into atmospheric transport models.
Model simulations of potential contribution of the proposed Huangpu Gate to flood control in the Lake Taihu basin of China
Authors: Zhang Hanghui , Liu Shuguang , Ye Jianchun , Yeh Pat J.-F. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. The Lake Taihu basin (36 895 km2), one of the most developed regions in China located in the hinterland of the Yangtze River Delta, has experienced increasing flood risk. The largest flood in history occurred in 1999 with a return period estimate of 200 years, considerably larger than the current capacity of the flood defense with a design return period of 50 years. Due to its flat saucer-like terrain, the capacity of the flood control system in this basin depends on flood control infrastructures and peripheral tidal conditions. The Huangpu River, an important river of the basin connecting Lake Taihu upstream and Yangtze River estuaries downstream, drains two-fifths of the entire basin. Since the water level in the Huangpu River is significantly affected by the high tide conditions in estuaries, constructing an estuary gate is considered an effective solution for flood mitigation. The main objective of this paper is to assess the potential contributions of the proposed Huangpu Gate to the flood control capacity of the basin. To achieve this goal, five different scenarios of flooding conditions and the associated gate operations are considered by using numerical model simulations. Results of quantitative analyses show that the Huangpu Gate is effective for evacuating floodwaters. It can help to reduce both peak values and duration of high water levels in Lake Taihu to benefit surrounding areas along the Taipu Canal and the Huangpu River. The contribution of the gate to the flood control capacity is closely associated with its operation modes and duration. For the maximum potential contribution of the gate, the net outflow at the proposed site is increased by 52 %. The daily peak level is decreased by a maximum of 0.12 m in Lake Taihu, by maxima of 0.26–0.37 and 0.46–0.60 m in the Taipu Canal and the Huangpu River, respectively, and by 0.05–0.39 m in the surrounding areas depending on the local topography. It is concluded that the proposed Huangpu Gate can reduce flood risk in the Lake Taihu basin, especially in those low-lying surrounding areas along the Taipu Canal and the Huangpu River significantly, which is of great benefit to the flood management in the basin and the Yangtze River Delta.
Changing the Conversation: How Developing Countries Handle the International Media during Disasters, Conflicts, and Tourism Crises
Authors: Avraham Eli 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
World leaders, especially those of developing countries, tend to be concerned with their country's media image during conflicts and disasters. These leaders often believe that a negative media image can lead to a tourism crisis and loss of international standing. Using qualitative content analysis, press interviews with officials, and examinations of media policy, this study aims to uncover the strategies used to handle the international media and to affect nations' media representations during and following tourism crises. The “multistep model for altering place image” is the central theoretical framework. The study's analysis illustrates the use of seven strategies by the governments of developing countries: buying news space, developing media relations, raising general and specific complaints about the media, applying economic and physical threats, blocking media access, and using testimonies and the Internet.