bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of combined pulsed radiofrequency and steroid injection to the dorsal root ganglion in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a prospective randomized clinical trial
Authors: Elhossieny Khadeja M. , Medhat Marwa M. , Elasser Heba M. , Fathi Heba M. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of pulsed radiofrequency and transforaminal steroid injection to the dorsal root ganglion for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).

Patients and methods
Forty-six patients suffering from thoracic PHN with a duration of between 1 and 3 months were enrolled and were randomly assigned to either steroid group (n=23) or combination group (n=23). The efficacy was assessed by visual analog scale and by recording the dose of anticonvulsant before and after the procedure.

Results
Visual analog scores decreased in both groups in the postintervention period (2 h, 1 week, and 1 month) with no significant difference found between them. Throughout assessments, visual analog scale in the combination group was significantly lower than in the steroid group in third and sixth months. Regarding the dosage of anticonvulsant, in the first follow-up visit 1 week from intervention, the same preintervention dose of pregabalin was prescribed and then the dose was gradually decreased until the first month in both groups. In the steroid group, the dose was increased again after the first month, while in the combination group there was a gradual decease in the dose. The dose was significantly lower in the combination group compared with the steroid group in third and sixth months.

Conclusion
Pulsed radiofrequency in combination with steroid injection is more effective and lasting for a longer duration than the transforaminal steroid injection alone when used for controlling of pain in patients with thoracic PHN.
Two versus five bilateral local anesthetic injections for submucosal resection
Authors: Naja Zoher , Kanawati Saleh , Naja Ahmad S. , Ziade Fouad 
Published: September 2024

Background
Submucous resection (SMR) is performed under general anesthesia, local anesthesia, or a combination of both. The combination was associated with less postoperative pain and shorter hospital stay. The purpose of this clinical trial was to compare the effectiveness of two versus five bilateral local anesthetic injections in terms of postoperative pain relief at 24 h postoperatively.

Patients and methods
This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial conducted at a tertiary care center between May 2015 and December 2016. Patients aged between 15 and 63 years scheduled for elective SMR of the nasal septum were included. Eligible patients received general anesthesia and were randomly assigned to receive either two or five bilateral local anesthetic injections. The primary outcome was pain assessed by the Numeric Rating Scale. Other outcomes were hemodynamic stability, analgesic consumption, nausea and vomiting, as well as patient’s and surgeon’s satisfaction.

Results
A total of 120 patients were included in the study and were divided equally into the two groups. Both groups were similar in terms of age, height, weight, surgery duration, and hemodynamic characteristics. There was no significant difference for both groups in pain scores at 24 h (1.53±1.25 vs. 2.07±1.82, P=0.069 for two vs. five injections, respectively) and over the 10 postoperative days. Similarly, the number of patients who consumed analgesics was similar between the two groups.

Conclusion
The present study revealed that two bilateral local anesthetic injections at the suprazygomatic and infraorbital areas could be an alternative to five injections in patients undergoing SMR.
Convolution equation and operators on the Euclidean motion group
Authors: Bassey U. N. , Edeke U. E. 
Published: September 2024

Let $G = \mathbb{R}^2\rtimes SO(2)$ be the Euclidean motion group, let g be the Lie algebra of G and let U(g) be the universal enveloping algebra of g. Then U(g) is an infinite dimensional, linear associative and non-commutative algebra consisting of invariant differential operators on G. The Dirac measure on G is represented by $\delta_G$, while the convolution product of functions or measures on G is represented by $\ast$. Among other notable results, it is demonstrated that for each u in U(g), there is a distribution E on G such that the convolution equation $u\ast E = \delta_G$ is solved by method of convolution. Further more, it is established that the (convolution) operator $A^\prime : C^\infty_c(G)\rightarrow C^\infty(G),$, which is defined as $A^\prime f = f\ast T^n\delta(t)$ extends to a bounded linear operator on $L^2(G)$, for $f\in C^\infty_c(G)$, the space of infinitely differentiable functions on G with compact support. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the left convolution operator LT denoted as $L_Tf = T\ast f$ commutes with left translation, for $T\in D^\prime(G)$.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XII SMA Pada Materi Geometri Analitik dengan Menggunakan Model Discovery Learning
Authors: Vivi Andela Mandasari  , Abdul Haris Rosyidi  , Widi Widayat  
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siwa kelas XII SMA pada materi Geometri Analitik setelah penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar berupa tes tertulis. Teknik analasis data sebanyak 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dua kali pertemuan dan setiap pertemuan ada empat tahapan dengan menggunakan model Kurt Lewin yakni a) perencanaan (planning), b) tindakan (action), c) pengamatan (observasing), d) refleksi (reflection). Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XII-2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pra siklus dalam bentuk presentase yang dilakukan siswa dengan kategori tuntas diperoleh 11 orang atau 31% sedangkan yang tidak tuntas 24 orang atau 69%. Selanjutnya peneliti melakukan siklus 1 untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan discovery learning. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 28 siswa atau 80% tuntas belajar dan yang belum tuntas belajar sebanyak 7 siswa dengan rata-rata nilai kelas sejumlah 88. Sedangkan pada siklus II presentase ketuntasan meningkat sebanyak 100%. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran discovery learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran matematika materi geometri analitik.
Revisiting prompting in the age of digital pedagogy: a theoretical analysis of pedagogical techniques in contemporary educational technologies
Authors: Rad Dana , Roman Alina , Marcu Radiana , Bennett Ramona Tatiana 
Published: September 2024

This research revisits the utilization of prompting as an essential teaching technique in digital pedagogy, taking into account its changing significance in response to technological progress. This study presents a paradigm that highlights the importance of prompting in supporting digital learning environments. It analyzes different types of prompting, their usefulness, and how learning progresses through strategies like fading and shadowing. Additionally, this study examines the practical consequences, implementation processes, and future research issues in the field of digital pedagogy.
Digital Transformation in Financial Services and FinTech: Trends, Innovations and Emerging Technologies
Authors: Nwoke Judith 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This research investigates the transformative impact of digital innovations within the financial services sector, particularly focusing on the evolution of digital banking and FinTech. The study aims to explore how digital banking products are being developed to enhance financial literacy and promote financial inclusion across diverse populations.
Methodology: The research employs a comprehensive analysis of current trends and technologies, utilizing case studies and data-driven insights to assess the role of blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning in reshaping banking and financial services. The study examines the implications of these technologies on small business loans and wealth distribution.
Findings: The findings reveal significant advancements in digital banking products, highlighting the increased accessibility and efficiency provided by these innovations. Emerging technologies have facilitated improved financial literacy and inclusion, particularly by enabling more accurate credit assessments and democratizing access to financial resources. The study underscores the pivotal role of AI in enhancing customer service through personalized experiences and predictive analytics.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy, and Practice: This research makes a substantial contribution to academic theory by expanding the understanding of digital transformation in financial services. It provides critical insights for policymakers, emphasizing the importance of integrating technological advancements to foster financial inclusion and economic growth. Practically, the study offers strategic guidance for financial institutions seeking to implement innovative solutions, thereby improving service delivery and competitiveness in the evolving financial landscape. The research underscores the necessity for ongoing adaptation and investment in emerging technologies to meet the dynamic needs of consumers and businesses.
American Women Speak
Authors: Snodgrass Mary 
Published: September 2024

This A-to-Z compendium explores more than 150 American women activists from colonial times to the present, examining their backgrounds and the focus of their activism, and provides examples of their speeches.
Throughout history, American women's oratory has crusaded for religious rights, abolitionism, and peace, as well as for Zionism, immigration, and immunization. This text examines more than 150 influential American women activists and their speeches on vital issues. Each entry outlines the speaker's motivation and provides examples of their speeches in context, supplying information about the setting, audience, reception, and lasting historical significance.
This collection of women's speeches emphasizes primary sources that underscore the goals of the Common Core Standards. Entries support classroom discussion on a range of topics, from women's suffrage and birth control to civil rights and 20th- and 21st-century labor law. No other reference work compiles examples of female activism and oration across a 400-year span of history along with analysis of the speaker's intent, forum, listeners, and public and media response.
Fast Food and Junk Food
Authors: Smith Andrew 
Published: September 2024

This fascinating and revealing work examines the incredible power of junk food and fast food—how nostalgic we are about them, the influence of the companies that manufacture or sell them, and their alarming effect on our country's state of health.
In the last half century, junk food and fast food have come to play an extremely important role in American economic, historical, cultural, and social life. Today, they have a major influence on what Americans eat—and how healthy we are (or aren't).Fast Food and Junk Food: An Encyclopedia of What We Love to Eattells the intriguing, fun, and incredible stories behind the successes of these commercial food products and documents the numerous health-related, environmental, cultural, and politico-economic issues associated with them.
With more than 700 alphabetically arranged entries, this two-volume encyclopedia contains enough listings to allow readers to research a wide range of fascinating topics. The author treats the massive amount of subject material within this reference title in a fair and balanced manner. A secondary focus of this encyclopedia is to chart the spread of some American fast food chains and commercially produced junk foods internationally.
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Americans at Risk
Authors: Stewart Chuck 
Published: September 2024

Three volumes organized by the three phases of life—youth, middle age, and old age—explore the LGBTQ+ experience, delving deeply into research on a multitude of hot topics including risks experienced by this sometimes targeted population.
In June of 2015, the United State Supreme Court issued an opinion that directly impacted the lives of many LGBT Americans: inObergefell v. Hodges, the court required all states to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples and to recognize same-sex marriages performed in other jurisdictions. While many activists consider this a major achievement, LGBT individuals still face a number of pressing issues.
InLesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Americans at Risk, editor Chuck Stewart and a carefully selected group of contributors unravel these far-reaching concerns. The book is a cutting-edge resource for academics, activists, scholars, students, and lay people who are interested in examining LGBT social and political movements as well as the public policy progress and setbacks of recent years. Three volumes of essays by experts in a variety of fields delve deeply into primary sources to tackle important topics such as transgender adolescents, alcohol and drug abuse, and the massacre at Pulse gay nightclub, along with dozens of others. Organized by life stages, this comprehensive work sheds light on concerns and controversies affecting youth, adults, and seniors connected to the LGBT community
The Persian Empire
Authors: Kia Mehrdad 
Published: September 2024

This well-balanced reference on ancient Persia demonstrates the region's contributions to the growth and development of human civilization from the 7th century BCE through the fall of the Persian Sasanian Empire in 651CE.
Knowledge of ancient Persia is often gleaned from the writings of the ancient Greeks and Romans—two civilizations that viewed the Persians as enemies. This one-of-a-kind reference provides unbiased coverage of the cultural history of the Persian Empire, examining the Median, Achaemenid, Parthian, Kushan, and Sasanian dynasties and tracing the development and maturation of Iranian societies during a period of nearly 1,500 years. As one of the most comprehensive studies on the topic, this historical overview explores the region's rich past while providing insight into the cultures and civilizations the Persians came to rule and influence.
Using primary sources written and inscribed by the ancient Persians themselves, the encyclopedia studies the pre-Islamic civilizations of Iran in the Middle East, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. Incorporating contributions from scholars who discuss the rise and fall of various Persian dynasties, the work offers some 180 entries that cover such topics as religion, royal nobility, the caste system, and political assassinations. The content offers perspectives from a variety of disciplines—from anthropology to archaeology, geography, and art history, among other areas.
Psychology for Business Success
Authors: Paludi Michele 
Published: September 2024

This comprehensive, four-volume work presents practical, up-to-date recommendations in areas impacting all job applicants and employees, including work/life balance, diversity management, performance, recruitment, training programs, and employee conflict.
This four-volume set uniquely integrates legislation, management theories, and social science research to cover a variety of human resource management topics, such as leadership and managerial styles, generational conflict in the workplace, techniques for evaluating employee performance, and workplace violence. In addition, best practices for policies, investigation procedures, and implementing training programs are covered—all information that can result in dramatic improvements in the workplace environment and business success.
Every recommendation in this set is reflective of—as well as responsive to— the needs of employees. The overall objective of the work is to provide readers with effective management strategies to work strategically, ethically, honestly, and effectively with people. Additionally, the contents emphasize the importance of gaining an understanding of the strategic influences on managing people—for example, documenting the connections between business and psychological strategies like effective listening.
Student Guide to Health
Authors: Richer Alice C. 
Published: September 2024

This comprehensive, five-volume reference set is aligned with the National Health Education Standards, containing up-to-date, scientifically based information on a variety of health and wellness topics relevant to high school students.
A Student Guide to Health: Understanding the Facts, Trends, and Challengesprovides straightforward, factual, and accessible information about a multitude of health issues. It is an essential reference set that provides high school students, teachers, and administrators with a comprehensive health and wellness education resource that aligns with National Health Education Standards and common health curriculum. This expansive five-volume set is ideal for students' research projects; highly useful as a resource for community college and public library patrons, librarians, teens, and parents; and is a suitable supplement to any health education curriculum.
Each chapter includes up-to-date, evidence-based information that provokes further examination and encourages critical thinking to evaluate the validity of information encountered about health and wellness topics. Each chapter provides an abundance of references and lists of resources for further information, including books, articles, websites, organizations, and hotlines. Special attention is paid to social trends that affect youth health and wellness, such as bullying, eating disorders, steroid abuse, sexting, and the peer pressure associated with drug use and abuse.
Student Guide to Health
Authors: Piotrowski Nancy A. , Ozer Yvette Malamud 
Published: September 2024

This comprehensive, five-volume reference set is aligned with the National Health Education Standards, containing up-to-date, scientifically based information on a variety of health and wellness topics relevant to high school students.
A Student Guide to Health: Understanding the Facts, Trends, and Challengesprovides straightforward, factual, and accessible information about a multitude of health issues. It is an essential reference set that provides high school students, teachers, and administrators with a comprehensive health and wellness education resource that aligns with National Health Education Standards and common health curriculum. This expansive five-volume set is ideal for students' research projects; highly useful as a resource for community college and public library patrons, librarians, teens, and parents; and is a suitable supplement to any health education curriculum.
Each chapter includes up-to-date, evidence-based information that provokes further examination and encourages critical thinking to evaluate the validity of information encountered about health and wellness topics. Each chapter provides an abundance of references and lists of resources for further information, including books, articles, websites, organizations, and hotlines. Special attention is paid to social trends that affect youth health and wellness, such as bullying, eating disorders, steroid abuse, sexting, and the peer pressure associated with drug use and abuse.
Student Guide to Health
Authors: Ozer Yvette Malamud , Piotrowski Nancy A. 
Published: September 2024

This comprehensive, five-volume reference set is aligned with the National Health Education Standards, containing up-to-date, scientifically based information on a variety of health and wellness topics relevant to high school students.
A Student Guide to Health: Understanding the Facts, Trends, and Challengesprovides straightforward, factual, and accessible information about a multitude of health issues. It is an essential reference set that provides high school students, teachers, and administrators with a comprehensive health and wellness education resource that aligns with National Health Education Standards and common health curriculum. This expansive five-volume set is ideal for students' research projects; highly useful as a resource for community college and public library patrons, librarians, teens, and parents; and is a suitable supplement to any health education curriculum.
Each chapter includes up-to-date, evidence-based information that provokes further examination and encourages critical thinking to evaluate the validity of information encountered about health and wellness topics. Each chapter provides an abundance of references and lists of resources for further information, including books, articles, websites, organizations, and hotlines. Special attention is paid to social trends that affect youth health and wellness, such as bullying, eating disorders, steroid abuse, sexting, and the peer pressure associated with drug use and abuse.
The World of the Crusades
Authors: Holt Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Unlike traditional references that recount political and military history, this encyclopedia includes entries on a wide range of aspects related to daily life during the medieval crusades.
The medieval crusades were fundamental in shaping world history and provide background for the conflict that exists between the West and the Muslim world today. This two-volume set presents fundamental information about the medieval crusades as a movement and its ideological impact on both the crusaders and the peoples of the East. It takes a broad look at numerous topics related to crusading, with the goal of helping readers to better understand what inspired the crusaders, the hardships associated with crusading, and how crusading has influenced the development of cultures both in the East and the West.
The first of the two thematically arranged volumes considers topics such as the arts, economics and work, food and drink, family and gender, and fashion and appearance. The second volume considers topics such as housing and community, politics and warfare, recreation and social customs, religion and beliefs, and science and technology. Within each topical section are alphabetically arranged reference entries, complete with cross-references and suggestions for further reading. Selections from primary source documents, each accompanied by an introductory headnote, give readers first-hand accounts of the crusades.
Development of Komipa Media to Improve Students Scientific Thinking at MIS Al-Musthafawiyah
Authors: Siregar Nurul Rizki Amalia , Anas Nirwana , Lubis Ramadan 
Published: September 2024

The research entitled "Development of Komipa Media to Improve Students' Scientific Thinking at MIS AL-Musthafawiyah" was carried out by students who have scientific thinking in the field of Natural Sciences (Natural Sciences). This research shows that teachers use discovery in teaching materials. The aim of this research is to measure the development of students' scientific thinking by using comics as a learning medium. Previously, teachers used traditional media and rarely used comics. This research is an RND (Research and Development) study following the ADDIE model. The number of class III students at MIS Al-Mustafawiyah who took part was 18 people. Collection methods include questionnaires, interviews, and tests before (pretest) and after (posttest). The comic material assessment results show very high accuracy of up to 95%. In terms of language, the figure is 91.66%, which is also considered very important, and for media products it reaches 93.3% and in terms of design it gets a score of 80%. Teachers' responses to the use of comics as a teaching medium show that comics are a very valid learning medium with a rating of 89.9%. Meanwhile, students' opinions on comics show that learning comics is very practical with a score of 89.2%. which will occur pre and post tests provide the most effective N growth of 86.7%. Based on research results, it is proven that komipa media is very easy and effective in improving students' science/scientific thinking skills at MIS Al-Mustafawiyah and is used by teachers as a solution, especially when the material changes the form of objects.