bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Last Decade in New Zealand Archaeology. Part II
Authors: Golson J. , Gathercole P. W. 
Published: August 2016

Clearly this is a major problem in New Zealand culture history. One of the present writers has recently outlined the problem and assembled the archaeological materials available for its solution, using excavated evidence for the Moa-hunters and, in the absence of dependable archaeological data, inferring the Maori culture traits relevant to the comparison from a variety of sources, mainly descriptions, drawings and collections made by Europeans in the early days of contact. The result has been to isolate the common elements, point out the distinguishing ones, and define the areas of our present ignorance.The latter include, besides the question of agriculture already discussed, that of warfare. Though none of the evidences to be expected for this—weapons, defensive arrangements, or cannibalism—has been found in unequivocal Moa-hunter contexts, it must be admitted that the search has been restricted. Fortified sites (pa) are a prolific feature of the North Island cultural landscape, but very few have been properly excavated. The results of such investigations as have been made are hardly conclusive, and although the argument favouring Moa-hunter fortification in the Bay of Plenty cannot now be sustained, it would be well to keep the question open. The absence of weapons from Moa-hunter sites is a factor of some importance in this argument, but the Polynesian armoury was rendered almost exclusively in wood, and only stone or bone weapons of the patu type (FIG. 8) will be commonly found in archaeological deposits. Limited excavations on six undeniably fortified sites in the Auckland province have, however, failed to uncover a single weapon. The only piece of positive evidence for Moa-hunter weapons is the Horowhenua bone patu (FIG. 7) associated in a grave with a rare type of amulet, definitely known to the Moa-hunters though not necessarily distinctive of them.
The Palace of Minos
Authors: Gardner Percy 
Published: August 2016

When I acceded to the suggestion of the Editor of ANTIQUITY that I should write a review of the third volume of Sir Arthur Evans’ great work on the palace at Cnossus I was aware of the difficulty of the task I was undertaking. It would of course be quite impossible in a brief article to give any notion of the vast operations which the author has carried through with infinite skill and patience, revealing to us the character of a most curious civilization in Crete, the very existence of which was not suspected until the excavations of Schliemann at Mycenae gave us data. In 1877 I was so much interested by these revelations of the spade that I went to Greece to investigate them, and at Athens Sir Charles Newton and I were shown all the treasures of Mycenae. Newton’s article on them in the Edinburgh Review; and mine in the Quarterly Review, introduced them to English archaeologists, greatly to Schliemann’s satisfaction, as he was openly accused at that centre of scandal, Athens, of having had the rich treasures made by local goldsmiths. And Stephani, perhaps the most learned archaeologist living, was claiming them as the buried spoil of the barbarian invaders of the Roman Empire.Look on this picture and on that! By slow degrees Evans has succeeded in recovering in a great measure the architecture, the art, the manners and customs, the physical type, the religion, of the great civilization of which that revealed at Mycenae was but a late offshoot, a civilization contemporary with the mighty empires of the East, and in some ways more interesting than any of them, since it is more European, more in the line of our civilization and progress.
The Dawn: and an Epilogue
Authors: Piggott Stuart 
Published: August 2016

A YEAR before the first number of ANTIQUITY appeared, its founder reviewed a new publication for the Antiquaries Journal. ‘This book,’ he began, ‘is the most important of its kind that has hitherto been published…. Never before has the whole field of European origins been surveyed by a specialist who can also generalize, who writes clearly and intelligibly, and who is apparently familiar with all European languages. Its publication brings us appreciably nearer to the ultimate goal of our study.’Crawford saw that Gordon Childe’s The Dawn of European Civilization, in its first edition of 1925, marked the beginning of a new era in archaeological studies in this country. I suspect that he was one of the very few British prehistorians at that time who realized the fact and appreciated the implications. More than thirty years later a revised sixth edition has been published, appearing almost simultaneously with the tragic news of the author’s death in his native Australia. For a full generation The Dawn, as we have all affectionately called it, has been with us, the indispensable reference-book for student, teacher and interested layman, our Ariadne-clue in the labyrinth of Neolithic and earlier Bronze Age Europe.
“The Eighth Fire”
Authors: Knowles Ric 
Published: August 2016

The Anishinaabe people of Turtle Island [North America] have a teaching called the Seven Fire Prophecies, which clocks the history of our time on this land, from how we received our earliest teachings, through the arrival of the “light-skinned race,” through the loss of our ways. According to many of our teachers, we are now living in the time of the seventh fire, a time when there will be “a rebirth of the Anishinaabe nations and a re-kindling of the sacred fire.”The eight fire is an extension of the prophecies, a suggestion and a wish that now is the time for the Indigenous people and the settler communities to work together to achieve justice, to live together in a good way.—Yvette Nolan (Algonquin), Medicine ShowsIn many disciplines where it has become apparent that scholarship has been one of the key technologies of colonization, complicit in the exploitation and decimation of the land and its human and nonhuman inhabitants, there has been a (re)turn to ways of knowing that are not about power/knowledge—naming, disciplining, categorizing, objectifying, and isolating elements—but about relationality, reciprocity, respect, and what Opaskwayak Cree scholar Shawn Wilson discusses under the principle, shared across many Indigenous cultures, of “relational accountability.”
Effects of long-term continuous cropping on soil nematode community and soil condition associated with replant problem in strawberry habitat
Authors: Li Xingyue , Lewis Edwin E. , Liu Qizhi , Li Heqin , Bai Chunqi , Wang Yuzhu 
Published: August 2016

AbstractContinuous cropping changes soil physiochemical parameters, enzymes and microorganism communities, causing “replant problem” in strawberry cultivation. We hypothesized that soil nematode community would reflect the changes in soil conditions caused by long-term continuous cropping, in ways that are consistent and predictable. To test this hypothesis, we studied the soil nematode communities and several soil parameters, including the concentration of soil phenolic acids, organic matter and nitrogen levels, in strawberry greenhouse under continuous-cropping for five different durations. Soil pH significantly decreased, and four phenolic acids, i.e., p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid and p-coumaric acid, accumulated with time under continuous cropping. The four phenolic acids were highly toxic toAcrobeloidesspp., the eudominant genus in non-continuous cropping, causing it to reduce to a resident genus after seven-years of continuous cropping. Decreased nematode diversity indicated loss of ecosystem stability and sustainability because of continuous-cropping practice. Moreover, the dominant decomposition pathway was altered from bacterial to fungal under continuous cropping. Our results suggest that along with the continuous-cropping time in strawberry habitat, the soil food web is disturbed, and the available plant nutrition as well as the general health of the soil deteriorates; these changes can be indicated by soil nematode community.
Response of the Pacific inter-tropical convergence zone to global cooling and initiation of Antarctic glaciation across the Eocene Oligocene Transition
Authors: Hyeong Kiseong , Kuroda Junichiro , Seo Inah , Wilson Paul A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractApproximately 34 million years ago across the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT), Earth’s climate tipped from a largely unglaciated state into one that sustained large ice sheets on Antarctica. Antarctic glaciation is attributed to a threshold response to slow decline in atmospheric CO2 but our understanding of the feedback processes triggered and of climate change on the other contents is limited. Here we present new geochemical records of terrigenous dust accumulating on the sea floor across the EOT from a site in the central equatorial Pacific. We report a change in dust chemistry from an Asian affinity to a Central-South American provenance that occurs geologically synchronously with the initiation of stepwise global cooling, glaciation of Antarctica and aridification on the northern continents. We infer that the inter-tropical convergence zone of intense precipitation extended to our site during late Eocene, at least four degrees latitude further south than today, but that it migrated northwards in step with global cooling and initiation of Antarctic glaciation. Our findings point to an atmospheric teleconnection between extratropical cooling and rainfall climate in the tropics and the mid-latitude belt of the westerlies operating across the most pivotal transition in climate state of the Cenozoic Era.
Epidermal growth factor gene is a newly identified candidate gene for gout
Authors: Han Lin , Cao Chunwei , Jia Zhaotong , Liu Shiguo , Liu Zhen , Xin Ruosai , Wang Can , Li Xinde , Ren Wei , Wang Xuefeng , Li Changgui 
Published: August 2016

AbstractChromosome 4q25 has been identified as a genomic region associated with gout. However, the associations of gout with the genes in this region have not yet been confirmed. Here, we performed two-stage analysis to determine whether variations in candidate genes in the 4q25 region are associated with gout in a male Chinese Han population. We first evaluated 96 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in eight inflammatory/immune pathway- or glucose/lipid metabolism-related genes in the 4q25 region in 480 male gout patients and 480 controls. The SNP rs12504538, located in the elongation of very-long-chain-fatty-acid-like family member 6 gene (Elovl6), was found to be associated with gout susceptibility (Padjusted = 0.00595). In the second stage of analysis, we performed fine mapping analysis of 93 tag SNPs in Elovl6 and in the epidermal growth factor gene (EGF) and its flanking regions in 1017 male patients gout and 1897 healthy male controls. We observed a significant association between the T allele of EGF rs2298999 and gout (odds ratio = 0.77, 95% confidence interval = 0.67–0.88, Padjusted = 6.42 × 10−3). These results provide the first evidence for an association between the EGF rs2298999 C/T polymorphism and gout. Our findings should be validated in additional populations.
Defective DNA repair increases susceptibility to senescence through extension of Chk1-mediated G2 checkpoint activation
Authors: Johmura Yoshikazu , Yamashita Emiri , Shimada Midori , Nakanishi Keiko , Nakanishi Makoto 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSusceptibility to senescence caused by defective DNA repair is a major hallmark of progeroid syndrome patients, but molecular mechanisms of how defective DNA repair predisposes to senescence are largely unknown. We demonstrate here that suppression of DNA repair pathways extends the duration of Chk1-dependent G2 checkpoint activation and sensitizes cells to senescence through enhancement of mitosis skipping. Extension of G2 checkpoint activation by introduction of the TopBP1 activation domain and the nondegradable mutant of Claspin sensitizes cells to senescence. In contrast, a shortening of G2 checkpoint activation by expression of SIRT6 or depletion of OTUB2 reduces susceptibility to senescence. Fibroblasts from progeroid syndromes tested shows a correlation between an extension of G2 checkpoint activation and an increase in the susceptibility to senescence. These results suggest that extension of G2 checkpoint activation caused by defective DNA repair is critical for senescence predisposition in progeroid syndrome patients.
Is the detection of accelerated sea level rise imminent?
Authors: Fasullo J. T. , Nerem R. S. , Hamlington B. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractGlobal mean sea level rise estimated from satellite altimetry provides a strong constraint on climate variability and change and is expected to accelerate as the rates of both ocean warming and cryospheric mass loss increase over time. In stark contrast to this expectation however, current altimeter products show the rate of sea level rise to have decreased from the first to second decades of the altimeter era. Here, a combined analysis of altimeter data and specially designed climate model simulations shows the 1991 eruption of Mt Pinatubo to likely have masked the acceleration that would have otherwise occurred. This masking arose largely from a recovery in ocean heat content through the mid to late 1990 s subsequent to major heat content reductions in the years following the eruption. A consequence of this finding is that barring another major volcanic eruption, a detectable acceleration is likely to emerge from the noise of internal climate variability in the coming decade.
miRNA profiles in livers with different mass deficits after partial hepatectomy and miR-106b~25 cluster accelerating hepatocyte proliferation in rats
Authors: Xu Xiao , Liu Zhikun , Wang Jianguo , Ling Qi , Xie Haiyang , Guo Haijun , Wei Xuyong , Zhou Lin , Zheng Shusen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPartial hepatectomy (PH) promotes the reentry of quiescent hepatocytes into cell cycle for regrowth. miRNA profiles in livers with different mass deficits after PH have not been investigated and miRNAs implicated in liver regeneration remain unclear. We generated miRNA profiles from normal and remnant livers at 6, 12, 24 and 36 hours after 1/3 or 2/3PH using microarrays. Compared with normal livers, the proportion of altered miRNAs decreased with time after 1/3PH, but increased after 2/3PH. Most of altered miRNAs between 1/3 and 2/3PH exhibited similar up- or down-regulation, but lower expression magnitude for 1/3PH. Among differentially expressed miRNAs between 2/3PH with robust DNA replication and 1/3PH with a minimal replicative response, we identified miR-101a, miR-92a, miR-25, miR-93 and miR-106b as key regulators of cell cycle. In 2/3PH model, overexpression of miR-106b~25 cluster tended to accelerate liver regeneration, while inhibition of miR-106b~25 cluster markedly repressed regenerative response and delayed recovery of liver function. Mechanistically, RB1 and KAT2B with cell cycle arrest activity were identified as novel targets of miR-106b/93 and miR-25, respectively. Overall, we featured miRNA profiles and dynamics after 1/3 and 2/3PH and identified miR-106b~25 cluster as being involved in timely cell cycle entry of hepatocytes after PH.
Highly conductive, printable pastes from capillary suspensions
Authors: Schneider Monica , Koos Erin , Willenbacher Norbert 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe have used the capillary suspension phenomenon to design conductive pastes for printed electronic applications, such as front side metallization of solar cells, without non-volatile, organic additives that often deteriorate electrical properties. Adding a small amount of a second, immiscible fluid to a suspension creates a network of liquid bridges between the particles. This capillary force-controlled microstructure allows for tuning the flow behavior in a wide range. Yield stress and low-shear viscosity can be adjusted such that long-term stability is provided by inhibiting sedimentation, and, even more importantly, narrow line widths and high aspect ratios are accessible. These ternary mixtures, called capillary suspensions, exhibit a strong degree of shear thinning that allows for conventional coating or printing equipment to be used. Finally, the secondary fluid, beneficial for stability and processing of the wet paste, completely evaporates during drying and sintering. Thus, we obtained high purity silver and nickel layers with a conductivity two times greater than could be obtained with state-of-the-art, commercial materials. This revolutionary concept can be easily applied to other systems using inorganic or even organic conductive particles and represents a fundamental paradigm change to the formulation of pastes for printed electronics.
Menopause-induced uterine epithelium atrophy results from arachidonic acid/prostaglandin E2 axis inhibition-mediated autophagic cell death
Authors: Zhou Shengtao , Zhao Linjie , Yi Tao , Wei Yuquan , Zhao Xia 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWomen experience menopause later in life. Menopause is characterized by dramatically decreased circulating estrogen level secondary to loss of ovarian function and atrophic state of genital organs. However, the molecular mechanisms for this process are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms that underlie menopause-induced uterine endometrial atrophy. Our data showed that autophagy was activated in the uterine epithelial cells of both ovariectomized rats and peri-menopausal females. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurred even prior to autophagy induction. Integrated bioinformatics analysis revealed that ER stress induced downstream decreased release of arachidonic acid (AA) and downregulation of AA/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) axis, which led to Akt/mTOR signaling pathway inactivation. Consequently, autophagosomes were recruited and LC3-dependent autophagy was induced in uterine epithelial cells. Treatment with exogenous E2, PGE2, salubrinal or RNAi-mediated silencing of key autophagy genes could effectively counteract estrogen depletion-induced autophagy. Collectively, autophagy is a critical regulator of the uterine epithelium that accounts for endometrial atrophy after menopause.
Symbiosis with Francisella tularensis provides resistance to pathogens in the silkworm
Authors: Suzuki Jin , Uda Akihiko , Watanabe Kenta , Shimizu Takashi , Watarai Masahisa 
Published: August 2016

AbstractFrancisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a highly virulent facultative intracellular pathogen found in a wide range of animals, including arthropods and environments. This bacterium has been known for over 100 years, but the lifestyle of F. tularensis in natural reservoirs remains largely unknown. Thus, we established a novel natural host model for F. tularensis using the silkworm (Bombyx mori), which is an insect model for infection by pathogens. F. tularensis established a symbiosis with silkworms and bacteria were observed in the hemolymph. After infection with F. tularensis, the induction of melanization and nodulation, which are immune responses to bacterial infection, were inhibited in silkworms. Pre-inoculation of silkworms with F. tularensis enhanced the expression of antimicrobial peptides and resistance to infection by pathogenic bacteria. These results suggest that silkworms acquire host resistance via their symbiosis with F. tularensis, which may have important fitness benefits in natural reservoirs.
Wideband Acoustic Immittance: Normative Study and Test–Retest Reliability of Tympanometric Measurements in Adults
Authors: Sun Xiao-Ming 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to present normative data of tympanometric measurements of wideband acoustic immittance and to characterize wideband tympanograms.

Method

Data were collected in 84 young adults with strictly defined normal hearing and middle ear status. Energy absorbance (EA) was measured using clicks for 1/12–octave frequencies (0.236 to 8 kHz), with the ear canal air pressure systematically varied (+200 to −300 daPa). In 40 ears, 7 consecutive trials and a trial of clinical 226-Hz acoustic admittance (
Y

a

) tympanometry followed. A cavity test was also conducted.

Results

From the wideband EA tympanogram, several EA spectrums and EA tympanograms were derived. Descriptive statistics were performed, and population parameters were estimated. The immediate test–retest reliability was excellent. Effects of ear canal air pressure on EA were examined comprehensively. Differences in EA between tympanometric and ambient-pressure measurements were significant. Single-frequency EA tympanograms exemplified for half-octave frequencies were contrasted. The bandpass EA tympanogram, 0.236- and 1-kHz EA and
Y

a

tympanograms, and 226-Hz
Y

a

tympanogram were compared in 9 variables.

Conclusions
This study established a database of wideband tympanograms in healthy adults. The data analyses will promote our understanding of the middle ear transfer function. These data will serve as a reference for further studies in clinical populations.
Vergleich der Ergebnisse der Flimmerperimetrie (Prototyp versus kommerziellem Perimeter)
Authors: Zimmermann N. , Hess A. , Erb C. 
Published: August 2016

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Analyse der Vergleichbarkeit der Flimmerperimetrie mittels Pulsar-Prototyp vs. des neuen Octopus 600.
Methoden: Es wurde an beiden Augen von 20 Patienten mit einem primär chronischen Offenwinkelglaukom das 30°-Gesichtsfeld mittels Flimmerperimetrie (dynamische Strategie) an den Perimetern Pulsar und Octopus 600 (Haag-Streit) untersucht. Die Auswertung erfolgte anhand des mittleren Defekts (mean deviation = MD) und der Defekttiefe (square root of lost variance = sLV).
Ergebnisse: Im t-Test für verbundene Stichproben ergab die Pulsar-Perimetrie signifikant höhere MD-Werte verglichen mit der Octopus-600-Perimetrie: rechtes Auge MD 4,8 ± 3,6 src vs. 1,7 ± 2,9 src, p = 0,005; linkes Auge MD 3,9 ± 3,6 src vs. 1,4 ± 2,8 src, p = 0,018; beide Augen MD 4,35 ± 3,62 src vs. 1,55 ± 2,80 src, p = 0,002. Auch die sLV-Werte waren am Pulsar-Perimeter signifikant höher als am Octopus-600-Perimeter: rechtes Auge sLV 3,6 ± 1,6 src vs. 2,3 ± 1,3 src, p = 0,006; linkes Auge sLV 3,2 ± 0,8 src vs. 2,0 ± 0,8 src, p < 0,0001; beide Augen 3,37 ± 1,28 src vs. 2,12 ± 1,05 src, p < 0,0001. Die Signifikanzen blieben auch nach Bonferoni-Holm-Korrektur bestehen.
Schlussfolgerung: Die Untersuchungsergebnisse der Flimmerperimeter sind nicht vergleichbar, weil ein signifikanter Unterschied der MD und sLV vorliegt. Ursächlich sind unterschiedliche Leuchtdichten, Hintergrundhelligkeiten und Farbtemperaturen der Perimeter.
Schwerwiegende Augen- und Gesichtsskelettverletzungen beim Feuerwehrsport
Authors: Rusňák Š. , Maranová Z. , Kasl Z. , Hecová L. , Voigt E. , Raiskup F. 
Published: August 2016

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser Arbeit ist es, auf mögliche Verletzungen des Auges und des Gesichtsschädels beim Feuerwehrsport aufmerksam zu machen. Vorgestellt wird eine Gruppe von 9 Patienten, die von 2006 bis 2015 in der Augenklinik des Universitätsklinikums in Pilsen mit der Diagnose Augapfelprellung behandelt wurden, nachdem sie von einem Wasserstrahl und/oder einem Strahlrohr getroffen wurden. Ausführlich vorgestellt werden dann 3 Fälle.