bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different manifestations of a loop-like transient brightening in solar atmospheres
Authors: Cai Qiangwei , Li Hao , Wang Jincheng , Feng Hengqiang 
Published: October 2024

Context. Small-scale transient brightenings that are the consequence of magnetic reconnection play pivotal roles in the heating process of solar atmospheres. These phenomena contain key information about the dynamic evolution of the solar magnetic field. The fine-scale structures triggered by instabilities in these brightenings are intimately connected with the release of magnetic energy.
Aims. To better understand the conversion and release of magnetic energy in small-scale heating events, we investigated the thermal-dynamical behaviors of a loop-like transient brightening (LTB) with plasma blobs.
Methods. We used the spectroscopic and slit-jaw imaging observations taken from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph and the extreme-ultraviolet images taken from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory to analyze the plasma properties of an LTB that occurred on February 28, 2014. The space-time maps were created to present the spatial evolution of the LTB, and the light curves were calculated to illustrate the heating process. Additionally, we employed the differential emission measure (DEM) method to compute the temperature and emission measure of the LTB. In order to investigate the plasma motion along the line-of-sight direction, a double-Gaussian function was used to fit the Si IV spectral profiles.
Results. The spectrum and DEM analysis indicate that the LTB was constituted by multithermal plasma with temperatures reaching up to 5.4 × 106 K. The space-time maps of the emission and the Gaussian-fitting results of the Si IV line demonstrate that the LTB not only exhibited bidirectional flows, but was also twisted. Several plasma blobs were identified in the spine of the LTB, suggesting the potential presence of a tearing-mode instability. The low-temperature bands peaked approximately one minute prior to the high-temperature bands, suggesting the occurrence of a heating process driven by magnetic reconnection. The appearance of plasma blobs closely coincided with the sudden increase in the velocity and the quick rise of light curves, providing evidence that plasma blobs facilitate the release of magnetic energy during solar activity.
Conclusions. Based on these findings, we speculate that the LTB was a complex structure that occurred in the upper chromosphere-transition region. These results clearly demonstrate that plasma blobs are important for the conversion and release processes of magnetic energy.
The effect of dilution on the energy dissipation in water interstellar ice analogues
Authors: Schrauwen J. G. M. , Cuppen H. M. , Ioppolo S. , Redlich B. 
Published: October 2024

Context. Interstellar ices and their energetic processing play an important role in advancing the chemical complexity in space. Interstellar ices covering dust grains are intrinsically mixed, and it is assumed that physicochemical changes induced by energetic processing – triggered by photons, electrons, and ions – strongly depend on the content of the ice. Yet, the modelling of these complex mixed systems in experiments and theory is complicated.
Aims. In this paper, we investigate the effect of infrared irradiation on a series of different molecules mixed with porous amorphous solid water (pASW) to study the release of vibrational energy in the hydrogen-bonding network of water as a function of mixing ratio and ice content. Particularly, we select mixtures of 20:1 H2O:X and 5:1 H2O:X with X=CO2, NH3, or CH4.
Methods. Infrared radiation was supplied by the intense and tunable free electron laser (FEL) 2 at the HFML-FELIX facility. We monitored the structural changes in the interstellar ice analogue after resonant infrared excitation using Fourier-transform reflection absorption infrared (FT-RAIR) spectroscopy.
Results. We observed that on-resonance irradiation at the OH-stretching vibration of pASW results in quantitatively identical changes compared to pure pASW for all investigated mixtures. The structural changes we observed closely resemble the previously reported local reordering. The 5:1 mixtures show weaker changes compared to pure pASW, with a decrease in strength from NH3 to CO2.
Conclusions. Since the hydrogen-bonding network of pASW restructures similarly upon FEL irradiation, regardless of the mixing component, treating ice layers in models that simulate energy dissipation in the hydrogen-bonding network as pure H2O ice layers can be a justified approximation. Hence, complex systems might not always be necessary to describe the infrared energetic processing of ices.
KI-gestützte Entscheidungsfindung in der Geburtshilfe – eine
Machbarkeitsstudie über die medizinische Genauigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit von
ChatGPT
Authors: Bader Simon , Schneider Michael O. , Psilopatis Iason , Anetsberger Daniel , Emons Julius , Kehl Sven 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der Anwendbarkeit von künstlicher
Intelligenz in der Interpretation und Anwendung medizinischer Leitlinien zur
Unterstützung klinischer Entscheidungsfindungen in der Geburtshilfe. ChatGPT
wurden Leitlinien zu spezifischen geburtshilflichen Fragestellungen zur
Verfügung gestellt. Am Beispiel von mehreren klinischen Szenarien wurde die KI
daraufhin auf seine Fähigkeit geprüft, korrekte Diagnosen zu stellen und
angemessene klinische Entscheidungen zu treffen. Die Ergebnisse variierten,
wobei ChatGPT in einigen der fiktiven Szenarien überwiegend korrekte Antworten
lieferte, in anderen jedoch unzureichend abschnitt. Trotz der Fähigkeit von
ChatGPT, komplexe medizinische Informationen zu erfassen, zeigte die
Untersuchung Einschränkungen in der Präzision und Zuverlässigkeit der
Interpretationen und Empfehlungen. Diese Diskrepanzen weisen auf die
Notwendigkeit einer sorgfältigen Überprüfung durch Fachpersonal hin und betonen
die Bedeutung klarer, eindeutiger Leitlinien-Empfehlungen. Es bedarf zudem einer
kontinuierlichen Entwicklung auf der technischen Seite um künstliche Intelligenz
im klinischen Alltag als Unterstützung nutzen zu können. Insgesamt ist die
Nutzung von KI in der Medizin vielversprechend, jedoch aktuell aufgrund
potenzieller Fehleranfälligkeit und Interpretationsschwächen vornehmlich in
kontrollierten, wissenschaftlichen Settings angebracht, um die Sicherheit und
Genauigkeit der Patientenversorgung nicht zu gefährden.
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C(sp3)–C(sp3) Cross-Coupling to Construct All-Carbon Quaternary Carbon Centers
Authors: Zhu Shou-Fei , Zhang Qiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTransition-metal-catalyzed C(sp³)–C(sp³) cross-coupling reactions represent a powerful strategy for constructing all-carbon quaternary centers. However, these reactions remain challenging due to significant steric hindrance effects and the propensity for side reactions such as elimination and isomerization. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the progress made over the past few decades in the construction of all-carbon quaternary centers, with a focus on coupling reactions involving tertiary C(sp³) and primary/secondary C(sp³) centers [as the cross-coupling of two tertiary C(sp³) centers remains unsuccessful]. The discussion is organized around reaction conditions, substrate scope, and reaction mechanisms, and a brief overview of transformations based on these coupling reactions is also presented.1	Introduction2	3° C(sp3)–1° C(sp3) Cross-Coupling2.1	Cobalt Catalysis2.2	Copper Catalysis2.3	Nickel Catalysis2.4	Iron Catalysis2.5	Other Catalysis3	3° C(sp3)–2° C(sp3) Cross-Coupling3.1	Copper Catalysis3.2	Iron Catalysis4	Conclusion
The Stomach-Bladder Proximity Sign: What Does it Say?
Authors: Viveka S. M. , Nivedhitha T. , Vaishnavi N. , Ponmozhi G. , Manikandan K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFetal gastrointestinal tract (GIT) anomalies account for 7 to 8% of congenital malformations. There are no well defined protocols for examining fetal GIT, which is a dynamic system that plays a vital role in amniotic fluid homeostasis. We present four cases that highlight the importance of the relative positions of the stomach, small bowel, and bladder in the coronal plane of the fetal abdomen in the diagnosis/exclusion of certain anomalies.
An instrumentation guide to measuring thermal conductivity using frequency domain thermoreflectance (FDTR)
Authors: Kirsch Dylan J. , Martin Joshua , Warzoha Ronald , McLean Mark , Windover Donald , Takeuchi Ichiro 
Published: October 2024

Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance (FDTR) is a versatile technique used to measure the thermal properties of thin films, multilayer stacks, and interfaces that govern the performance and thermal management in semiconductor microelectronics. Reliable thermal property measurements at these length scales (≈10 nm to ≈10 μm), where the physics of thermal transport and phonon scattering at interfaces both grow in complexity, are increasingly relevant as electronic components continue to shrink. While FDTR is a promising technique, FDTR instruments are generally home-built; they can be difficult to construct, align, and maintain, especially for the novice. Our goal here is to provide a practical resource beyond theory that increases the accessibility, replicability, and widespread adoption of FDTR instrumentation. We provide a detailed account of unpublished insights and institutional knowledge that are critical for obtaining accurate and repeatable measurements of thermal properties using FDTR. We discuss component selection and placement, alignment procedures, data collection parameters, common challenges, and our efforts to increase measurement automation. In FDTR, the unknown thermal properties are fit by minimizing the error between the phase lag at each frequency and the multilayer diffusive thermal model solution. For data fitting and uncertainty analysis, we compare common numerical integration methods, and we compare multiple approaches for fitting and uncertainty analysis, including Monte Carlo simulation, to demonstrate their reliability and relative speed. The instrument is validated with substrates of known thermal properties over a wide range of isotropic thermal conductivities, including Borofloat silica, quartz, sapphire, and silicon.
Development of UV light-emitting diodes based AlGaN/GaN heterojunction utilizing thermal oxidation annealing
Authors: Li Qiuen , Kang Xuanwu , Wu Hao , Zheng Yingkui , Liu Xinyu , Huang Chengjun 
Published: October 2024

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has a significant impact on enhancing the performance of sensors. Currently, there is still an urgent need for devices that are simple and easy to fabricate. In this work, a cost-effective and convenient method was employed to fabricate a UV light emitting diode. A four-inch silicon based AlGaN/GaN heterojunction substrate was used. The Ni/Au (20/20 nm) layer was deposited on the AlGaN barrier layer, followed by thermal oxidation to prepare the UV diode. The diode annealed in oxygen can emit UV light at a wavelength of 365 nm and is visible, and no light is emitted from the device in nitrogen annealing. The I–V and C–V characteristics of the device are tested to explore the mechanism. Transmission electron microscopy and technology computer aided design simulation methods were used to analyze the device luminescence mechanism.
Forecasting Constraint on the f(R) Theory with the CSST SN Ia and BAO Surveys
Authors: Yan Jun-Hui , Gong Yan , Wang Minglin , Miao Haitao , Chen Xuelei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The f(R) modified gravity theory can explain the accelerating expansion of the late Universe without introducing dark energy. In this study, we predict the constraint strength on the f(R) theory using the mock data generated from the Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) Ultra-Deep Field Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) survey and wide-field slitless spectroscopic baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) survey. We explore three popular f(R) models and introduce a parameter b to characterize the deviation of the f(R) theory from the ΛCDM theory. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo method is employed to constrain the parameters in the f(R) models, and the nuisance parameters and systematic uncertainties are also considered in the model fitting process. Besides, we also perform model comparisons between the f(R) models and the ΛCDM model. We find that the constraint accuracy using the CSST SN Ia+BAO data set alone is comparable to or even better than the result given by the combination of the current relevant observations, and the CSST SN Ia+BAO survey can distinguish the f(R) models from the ΛCDM model. This indicates that the CSST SN Ia and BAO surveys can effectively constrain and test the f(R) theory.
A Novel Ephemeris Model for Martian Moons Incorporating Their Free Rotation
Authors: Yang Yong-Zhang , Huang Kai , Yan Jian-Guo , Li Yu-Qiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
High-precision ephemerides not only support space missions, but can also be used to study the origin and future of celestial bodies. In this paper, a coupled orbit-rotation dynamics model that fully takes into account the rotation of the Martian moons is developed. Phobos and Deimos’ rotations are first described by Eulerian rotational equations, and integrated simultaneously with the orbital motion equations. Orbital and orientational parameters of Mars satellites were simultaneously obtained by numerical integration for the first time. In order to compare the differences between our newly developed model and the one now used in the ephemerides, we first reproduced and simulated the current model using our own parameters, and then fit it to the Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides ephemerides using least-square procedures. The adjustment test simulations show Phobos and Deimos’ orbital differences between the refined model and the current model are no more than 300 m and 125 m, respectively. The orientation parameters are confirmed and the results are in good agreement with the International Astronomical Union results. Moreover, we simulated two perturbations (main asteroids and mutual torques) which were not included in our refined model, and find that their effects on the orbits are completely negligible. As for the effect on rotation, we propose to take care of the role of mutual attraction in future models.
Research on a Multi-source RFI Mitigation Algorithm Using a Reference Antenna Array
Authors: Wu Han , Zhang Hai-Long , Zhang Ya-Zhou , Wang Jie , Ye Xin-Chen , Du Xu , Zhang Ting 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We propose a multi-source radio frequency interference (RFI) mitigation method based on a reference antenna array to address the challenge of RFI from multiple directions in radio observation equipment. It introduces a sampling point correction technique using a multi-channel parallel cross-correlation computation method, enhancing the effectiveness of frequency domain adaptive RFI fast mitigation algorithms. The design implements an RFI component detection method based on cross-correlation coefficient thresholds to effectively reduce new interference frequency components introduced by the reference antenna array. Simulated RFI signals and baseband signals of pulsar J0332+5434 observed by the Nanshan 26 m Radio Telescope (NSRT) were used to test the algorithm proposed in this paper. Simulation results demonstrate that the simulated radio telescope signals after RFI mitigation closely match the original pulsar data in profile and phase, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Research on Tool Wear Monitoring Based on Enhanced Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Wei Naizhen , Wu Jianwei , Xu Fan , Peng Qianchang , Chen Junyu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Identifying the wear status of cutting tools during the machining process is essential because failure to promptly replace severely worn tools can significantly impact the quality of workpiece machining. Presently, machine learning methods are predominantly utilized for monitoring cutting tool wear status. However, these methods rely on manual feature extraction and exhibit low accuracy. This study introduces a novel RRP-Net model, built upon the RepVgg and ResNet frameworks, integrating a parameter-free self-attention mechanism called SimAM to expedite the model’s solving speed without increasing parameters. Within the foundational module of the model, a structural reparameterization approach is employed to transform the multi-branch structure during training into a single-branch structure during validation. This method not only enhances model accuracy but also accelerates the model validation process. The publicly available cutting data from PHM2010 is employed for model training and validation. The findings demonstrate that RRP-Net surpasses classical convolutional neural network models in identifying cutting tool wear status within the PHM2010 dataset, achieving an average accuracy of 98.65% and enhancing recognition accuracy on relevant datasets by 2.41%. To verify the model’s practical applicability, specificity and recall during the Break stage are computed at 99.73% and 98.18%, respectively, affirming the model’s exceptional robustness and stability. The heightened accuracy and efficiency of RRP-Net further broaden its applicability within the industrial domain.
Identifying significant factors affecting plate stiffness of innovative CLT using Random Forest analysis
Authors: Daou Bassam , Kaddah Fouad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Innovative cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a relatively new engineered timber product. It is a new version of CLT having large gaps between lateral lamellas. Since it is a new material, the mechanical performance of this innovative material is not studied yet despite these advantages. This paper explores the factors that influence membrane, bending, shear, and torsional stiffness in innovative CLT and their implications, acknowledging the significance of knowing the plate stiffness of these innovative materials in predicting their behaviour and promoting their use in construction as bio-based materials. Using a large database of plate stiffness moduli derived from finite element computations and incorporating microstructural characteristics such as layer thicknesses, board width, gap width, longitudinal modulus of elasticity, longitudinal shear modulus, and rolling shear modulus of timber, Random Forest analysis was employed to study the significance of factors affecting plate stiffness in innovative CLT. Our results show that the gap affects the membrane, shear, and torsional stiffness for innovative CLT. However, the trans-versal layer thickness primarily controls the bending stiffness.
Binary nano-systems TiO2-ZnO and TiO2-Cu in the chitosan matrix: synthesis and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Pavel Sheludko , Evgeniia Salomatina , Larisa Smirnova 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Binary TiO2-ZnO and TiO2 - nanoparticles (NPs) Cu in a chitosan stabilizer matrix were obtained and studied as photocatalysts at their content relative to the mass of the dry polymer of 10 wt.%. The effect of the mass ratio of TiO2:ZnO, TiO2:Cu NPs was revealed on the photocatalytic properties of materials in the decomposition reaction of methylene orange when exposed to UV and visible light. It is shown that the greatest depth of decomposition of the azo dye - 98% – in an aqueous solution is achieved in 60 minutes of light exposure using the system TiO2:ZnO with a mass ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 components. The same level of photocathaitic activity – a decrease in the concentration of methylene orange by 95-98 % is achieved when using the system TiO2: Cu NPs at a mass ratio of 10:1 and 5:1 components.
Performance evaluation and physical simulation experiment of SiO2 nanoparticle synergistic crosslinked polymer system
Authors: Zhao Yunhai , Wang Xueqiang , Liu Yang , Chen Long , Zhang Jiayin , Wang Jin , Li Ran , Yu Yang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
As natural gas development gradually shifts from early to mid to late stages, water outflow from gas wells has become an inevitable problem. In this study, polyethyleneimine cross-linked polymers were synthesized and nano particles were introduced to obtain SiO2 nanoparticle synergistic cross-linked polymer systems. Rheological experiments show that the system has stronger shear resistance and higher yield stress, and the linear viscoelastic region has a stress amplitude less than 3.5Pa, exhibiting good elastic properties in the range of 0.01 to 10Hz. In terms of stability, after 45 days of aging, the viscosity retention rate of the system is 77.66%. When the mineralization degree is 224852mg/L, the viscosity retention rate is greater than 76.33%, indicating that the system has good aging stability and salt resistance.The physical simulation experiment of core displacement shows that SiO2 nanoparticle synergistic cross-linked polymer gel has gas-water selective plugging ability, and the reduction of water phase permeability is much greater than that of gas phase. The gas phase permeability can remains at about 75%, which is 2300 times that of water phase permeability, and has a good water plugging effect.
The influence of pre-strain on the microstructure and recovery properties of cold-rolled TiNiFe alloy tube
Authors: Xiaoyun Song , Shuwei Liu , Yanfeng Li 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the present work, the influence of pre-strain on the microstructures and recovery properties of cold-rolled TiNiFe shape memory alloy tube are studied by pre-strain system, phase transformation testing system, electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). It is demonstrated that the pre-strain has significant effects on the recovery properties, transformation temperatures, and microstructures of TiNiFe alloy. With the increase of pre-strain, the kernel average misorientation (KAM) value and the dislocation pill-up increase, causing the recovery rate of the TiNiFe alloy decreases linearly, and maximum of recovery strain is 8%. And the reverse martensite transformation start temperature (TRs) increases from -133°C to -105°C and TRf increases from -124°C to -97°C, as the increase of pre-strain.
Effect of Low-Temperature Tempering Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of NM500 Wear-Resistant Steel
Authors: Yihao Zheng , Shuai Ren , Xinyue Zhang , Lijun Liu , Peizi Zhang , Jiarui Guo , Zhixin Gao , Hao Yang , Yang Luo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In order to explore the effect of low temperature tempering heat treatment temperatures on Brinell hardness (HB), impact absorption energy (KV2) and tensile mechanical properties of NM500 wear-resistant steel, isothermal tempering heat treatment of NM500 wear-resistant steel sheets after quenching were carried out at 200~260 °C. The microstructures, Brinell hardness, -20 °C impact energies and tensile mechanical properties of NM500 wear-resistant steel after tempered were analyzed by optical microscope, Brinell hardness tester, pendulum impact testing machine and tensile testing machine respectively. The results show that when the tempering temperature increases from 200 °C to 260 °C, the Brinell hardness of NM500 wear-resistant steel decreases from 490 HBW to 460 HBW, the offset yield strength (Rp0.2) decreases from 1396.3MPa to 1351.0MPa, and the tensile strength (Rm) decreases from 1708.5 MPa to 1615.0 MPa. However, the low temperature tempering temperature has no significant effect on the microstructure and elongation after fracture. According to GB/T 24186-2022, 200~220 °C is the suitable low temperature tempering temperature range for NM500 wear-resistant steel.