bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast cancer recurrence in relation to mode of detection: Implications on personalized surveillance
Authors: Sartor Hanna , Hagberg Oskar , Hemmingsson Oskar , Lång Kristina , Wadsten Charlotta 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The effectiveness of current follow-up guidelines after breast cancer treatment is uncertain. Tailored surveillance based on patient age and tumor characteristics may be more adequate. This study aimed to analyze the frequency and risk factors for detecting ipsilateral locoregional recurrences (LR) and second primary breast cancers (SP) outside of scheduled surveillance in patients with recurrent breast cancer.
Methods
Patients with surgically treated early-stage breast cancer from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS), 1991–2014 (n = 1080), and the Västernorrland region, 2009–2018 (n = 1648), were included. Clinical and pathological information on the primary tumor and recurrences was retrieved from medical records. The mode of recurrence detection was defined as detection within (planned) or outside (symptomatic) of scheduled surveillance.
Results
The median follow-up was 6.5 years. Overall, 461 patients experienced a recurrence. The most common initial event was distant metastasis (47%), followed by locoregional recurrence (LR) (22%) and second primary (SP) (18%). Fifty-six percent of LR and 28% of SP were identified outside of scheduled surveillance. Logistic regression analysis revealed that younger age (under 50 years) (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.04–6.88), lymph node-positive breast cancer (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.03–4.87) and breast cancer of the HER2 positive subtype (OR 5.24, 95% CI 1.40–25.90) were correlated with higher odds of detecting a recurrence outside of planned surveillance.
Conclusion
Most recurrent events were detected outside of scheduled surveillance, particularly for locoregional recurrences. Risk-based surveillance, which takes into account patient and tumor characteristics, might be more suitable for specific patient subsets.
Risk Factors for Peripartum Hysterectomy Among Pregnancies with Suspected Placenta Accreta Spectrum in Preoperative Obstetric Imaging Screening: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Lulu , Liu Tianjiao , Yang Yang , Li Yalan , Xiao Li , Li Xin , Wei Sumei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to identify risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy among pregnancies complicated by suspected Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) in preoperative obstetric imaging screening.
Methods: Data were retrospectively extracted from the Longitudinal Placenta Accreta Spectrum Study (LoPASS), covering pregnancies with PAS from January 2018 to March 2023 at our institute. Patients were divided into Control and Hysterectomy groups based on whether they underwent hysterectomy. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and clinical characteristics were compared between the groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the characteristics with statistical significance to explore risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy.
Results: Among 523 pregnancies with suspected PAS, 20 underwent hysterectomy. The Hysterectomy group had a significantly higher mean age (34.50±5.05 vs. 31.66±4.43 years, p=0.005) and pre-pregnancy BMI (26.35±3.27 vs. 23.84±3.99, p=0.006). The Hysterectomy group also had a higher proportion of patients with more than 2 gravidities (100% vs. 61.6%, p=0.022) and multiple parities (90.0% vs. 39.9%, p<0.001). Higher percentages of placenta percreta (90.0% vs. 28.2%, p<0.001), placenta attaching to the anterior uterine wall (57.9% vs. 31.8%, p=0.033), and higher PAS ultrasonographic scores (11.42±2.54 vs. 6.21±2.55, p<0.0001) were observed in the Hysterectomy group. Perioperative outcomes revealed significantly longer surgical durations (171.90±49.27 vs. 53.46±24.41 minutes, p<0.001) and higher rates of preterm birth (100.0% vs. 55.3%, p<0.001). Intraoperative blood loss was also substantially greater in the Hysterectomy group (2695.00±1241.17 ml vs. 764.31±385.10 ml, p<0.001). Variables significantly associated with increased peripartum hysterectomy risk included prior cesarean sections (OR=1.44, p=0.048), placenta attaching to the anterior uterine wall (OR=0.73, p=0.015), placenta completely covering the uterine incision (OR=1.27, p=0.035), gestational hypertensive disorder (OR=1.69, p=0.042), placenta percreta (OR=2.31, p=0.032), and PAS ultrasonographic score higher than 10 (OR=2.71, p=0.008).
Conclusion: Prior cesarean sections, placenta location, gestational hypertensive disorder, placenta percreta, and a PAS ultrasonographic score higher than 10 are risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy in pregnancies with suspected PAS. This underscores the importance of early and consistent obstetric imaging examinations of the placenta and active preparation for emergency cesarean sections in such pregnancies.
Ultrafast T2-weighted MR Imaging of the Urinary Bladder using Deep Learning-Accelerated HASTE at 3 Tesla
Authors: Yan Li , Tan Qinxuan , Kohnert David , Nickel Marcel , Weiland Elisabeth , Kubicka Fleix , Jahnke Paul , Wagner Moritz , Walter-Rittel Thula Cannon 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
This prospective study aimed to assess the feasibility of a half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin echo sequence (HASTE) with deep learning (DL) reconstruction for ultrafast imaging of the bladder with reduced susceptibility to motion artifacts.
Methods
50 patients underwent pelvic T2w imaging at 3 Tesla using the following MR sequences in sagittal orientation without antiperistaltic premedication: T2-TSE (time of acquisition [TA]: 2.03-4.00 min), standard HASTE (TA: 0.65–1.10 min), and DL-HASTE (TA: 0.25–0.47 min), with a slice thickness of 3 mm and a varying number of slices (25–45). Three radiologists evaluated the image quality of the three sequences quantitatively and qualitatively.
Results
Overall image quality of DL-HASTE (5; [IQR]: 4, 5) was superior to HASTE and T2-TSE (p < .001). DL-HASTE provided the clearest bladder wall delineation, especially in the apical part of the bladder (p < .001). SNR (36.3 ± 6.3) and CNR (50.3 ± 19.7) were the highest on DL-HASTE, followed by T2-TSE (33.1 ± 6.3 and 44.3 ± 21.0, respectively; p < .05) and HASTE (21.7 ± 5.4 and 35.8 ± 17.5, respectively; p < .01). A limitation of DL-HASTE and HASTE was the susceptibility to urine flow artifact within the bladder, which was absent or only minimal on T2-TSE. Diagnostic confidence in assessment of the bladder was highest with the combination of DL-HASTE and T2-TSE (p < .05).
Conclusion
DL-HASTE allows for ultrafast imaging of the bladder with high image quality and is a promising additional sequence to T2-TSE.
Predicting Symptomatic Kidney Stones Using Machine Learning Algorithms: Insights from the Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS)
Authors: Mahmoodi Fatemeh , Andishgar Aref , Mahmoudi Eisa , Monsef Alireza , Bazmi Sina , Tabrizi Reza 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives: To enhance the identification of individuals at risk of developing kidney stones, the use of machine learning (ML) algorithms has the potential by utilizing population and clinical information.
Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS) to comprehensively analyze the factors associated with symptomatic and clinically significant kidney stone disease. After data cleaning, 10,128 participants with 103 variables were included, with one outcome variable (presence of symptomatic kidney stones) and 102 predictor variables derived from questionnaires and laboratory tests. The study investigated kidney stone factors using five ML algorithms (SVM, RF, KNN, GBM, and XGB) and compared their performance. Additionally, data balancing was achieved using the SMOTE technique, and each algorithm’s accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and area under the curve (AUC) were assessed.
Results: The XGB model demonstrated the best performance, with an AUC of 0.60, while RF, GBM, SVC, and KNN achieved AUC values of 0.58, 0.57, 0.54, and 0.52, respectively. The RF, GBM, and XGB models exhibited acceptable accuracy levels, with values of 0.81, 0.81, and 0.77, respectively. Moreover, we identified the top five predictors for kidney stone prediction as serum creatinine level, salt consumption, history of hospitalization, sleep duration, and BUN level.
Conclusions: ML models have significant potential in assessing an individual's risk of painful kidney stones development and guiding early lifestyle modifications to mitigate this risk. Continued research in this area can lead to improved predictive capabilities and personalized interventions for kidney stone disease management.
Analysis of displacement and stress response of Open-web girders under close-range explosion loads
Authors: Fan Zongyuan , Ma Kejian , Wei Yanhui , Kuang Kaicong , Chen Jing , Tian Penggang , Zhao Bingzhen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Utilizing the CEL method to compare and analyze the displacement and stress response of open-web girders and solid-web girders under blast loads. The numerical simulation method and material constitutive parameters are validated by simulating existing experiments and comparing the results. 3D models of the three structures are created using Abaqus finite element software, and the simulation results are analyzed. The research findings indicate that: (1) Both open-web girders and solid-web girders exhibit similar dynamic responses under blast loads, but the joints of open-web girders are more susceptible to damage. (2) The local bending moments of the top ribs, bottom ribs, and shear key of the open-web girder have a significant influence on the overall displacement response when the shear key width is narrow, highlighting the independent beam's mechanical characteristics. However, increasing the shear key width brings the response of the open-web girder closer to that of the solid-web girder. (3) When designing the same longitudinal reinforcement, it is observed that there is a significant disparity in the horizontal stress between the reinforcement of the open-web girder and the solid-web girder. The results of this study are highly significant for understanding the response behavior of Open-web girders under explosive loads. Additionally, they can provide valuable references for engineering design and the implementation of explosion-proof measures.
Hybrid Distance-Aimed Triplet Loss for Automated Alzheimer’s Disease Classification Using Feature Embeddings
Authors: Maleki Atta , Zomorodi Mariam , Plawiak Pawel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a novel approach to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) classification utilising MRI images. Central to our methodology is a Feature Embedding Network (FEN) designed to extract and refine discriminative features essential for accurate disease classification. The FEN incorporates a hybrid distance function that integrates Euclidean distance, cosine similarity, and Earth Mover’s Distance, enhancing the network’s ability to capture nuanced differences in brain structure indicative of AD progression. Through a carefully crafted triplet loss framework, the FEN is trained to optimise the embeddings of anchor, positive, and negative examples, facilitating the clustering of similar images while separating dissimilar ones. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of our approach, achieving a remarkable 94.89% accuracy on the test set, with corresponding precision, recall, and F1-score values of 91.5%, 90% and 91.5%, respectively. Comparative analyses against existing models show the superiority of our proposed method in AD classification tasks. Moreover, our study contributes to better interpretability of feature embeddings, revealing distinct patterns associated with disease stages that align with clinical diagnoses. The robustness and performance of our model highlight its potential application in the early diagnosis and monitoring of AD, offering clinicians a valuable tool for more accurate patient classification and intervention planning.
First Case Report: A Case of Severe Cholestatic Hepatitis Induced by a Novel Dual Agonist of GLP- 1 and GIP Receptors
Authors: Jiang， Junmin , Cao Minling 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists are increasingly used in the management of T2DM and obesity due to their ability to stimulate insulin secretion, delay gastric emptying, and suppress appetite. The combination of GLP-1 and GIP agonism offers enhanced glycemic control and weight loss. Nevertheless, the advent of these novel therapies has also brought forth safety concerns, including cases of cholestatic hepatitis. The patient with obesity was prescribed a GLP-1/GIP dual receptor agonist as part of their treatment regimen. Shortly after 4 dose of therapy, the patient developed symptoms of severe cholestatic hepatitis, marked by jaundice and elevated liver enzymes. While hospitalized, no causes other than the medication were identified, and a liver biopsy conclusively diagnosed drug-induced cholestatic hepatitis. This represents the first documented case, and it is intended to draw global attention.
A window into intracellular events in myositis through subcellular proteomics
Authors: Peterson Jennifer M. , Leclair Valérie , Oyebode Olumide E. , Herzallah Dema M. , Nestor-Kalinoski Andrea L. , Zahedi René P. , Alamr Mazen , DiBattista John A. , Hudson Marie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of inflammatory muscle disorders of unknown etiology. It is postulated that mitochondrial dysfunction and protein aggregation in skeletal muscle contributes to myofiber degeneration. However, molecular pathways that lead to protein aggregation in skeletal muscle are not well defined. Here we have isolated membrane-bound organelles (e.g., nuclei, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and plasma membrane) from muscle biopsies of normal (n = 3), IIM with mitochondrial abnormalities (IIM-mito (n = 10), and mitochondrial myopathy (n = 1) patients for global proteomic analysis using an Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer. Upon unsupervised clustering, normal and mitochondrial myopathy muscle samples clustered separately from IIM-mito samples. We have confirmed previously known protein alterations in IIM and identified several new ones. For example, we found differential expression of (i) nuclear proteins that control cell division, transcription, RNA regulation, and stability, (ii) ER and Golgi proteins involved in protein folding, degradation, and protein trafficking in the cytosol, and (iii) mitochondrial proteins involved in energy production/metabolism and alterations in cytoskeletal and contractile machinery of the muscle. Our data demonstrate that molecular alterations are not limited to protein aggregations in the cytosol (inclusions) and occur in nuclear, mitochondrial, and membrane compartments of IIM skeletal muscle.
Effects of Naringenin (NG) as an anti- proliferative and anti-apoptotic factor on ER alpha and ER beta in PCOS
Authors: saremi Fardad. , Sabet Fatemeh Parvin , Nabiee Kimia , Tolouei Fatemeh , Kouchaki Kooshyar , Yasami Mahya , Soltani shaghayegh , Gorji Mona 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Oxidative stress is the imbalance between production of free radicals called oxidants and the ability of to defend their harmful effectsEstrogens play a significant role in the development and function of the reproduction system. The main mediators of estrogen action are two specific high affinity receptors, the estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ), both of which are members of nuclear receptor superfamily and are necessary for the proper functioning of the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis. Furthermore, while both ERα and ERβ are expressed in the human ovary, ERβ is the main type of receptor and its activation enhances folliculogenesis and ovulation.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevailing pathological status, that is extensively observed in 80% of infertile women. Methods and result: The current experimental study was performed on animal models. Estrogen and progesterone concentrations in the PCOS group decreased significantly compared to the control group. The level of gene expression and production of ER-a and ER-b proteins in the PCOS group decreased significantly. In the PCOS group, the number of atretic follicles increased significantly compared the present study investigated the effects of Naringenin as an anti- proliferative and anti-apoptotic factor on ER alpha and ER beta in PCOS patients.
Association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep quality: Mediation effect of parent–child relationship
Authors: Zou Chaoyi , Lu Yitong , Yao Fang , Tu Wenjuan , Jiang Kaihua , Gao Yuexia , Lu Qingyun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate the association between maternal stress during pregnancy, parent–child relationships, and child sleep quality and determine whether parent–child relationship mediates the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep quality.
Methods
This study included 4,830 mothers and their children. The mothers retrospectively reported stress during pregnancy, including negative mood and major life events that happened during pregnancy, using a four-item questionnaire. They also completed the Brigance Parent-Child Interactions Scale (BPCIS) and the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ). A structural equation model was used to analyze the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep quality, with parent–child relationship as a mediator.
Results
Maternal stress during pregnancy was negatively associated with parent–child relationship (β = −0.41, P < 0.01), parent–child relationship was positively associated with child sleep quality (β = 0.04, P < 0.01), whereas maternal stress during pregnancy was negatively associated with child sleep quality (ß = −0.11, P < 0.01). Furthermore, parent–child relationship mediated the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep quality, achieving a mediation effect rate of 13.19% (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Maternal stress during pregnancy was associated with negative parent–child relationship and child sleep disorders; In addition, a good parent-child relationship was positively associated with child sleep quality. Parent–child relationship mediate the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and child sleep disorders. This finding could provide a scientific basis for developing preventive strategies to improve child sleep quality.
Macular Hole Formation Following Vitrectomy with Subretinal tPA Injection for Massive Subretinal Hemorrhage: A Case Report
Authors: Huang Dingguo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Subretinal hemorrhages, particularly massive ones, are commonly observed in wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Subretinal injection of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) can assist in clot liquefaction and facilitate hemorrhage displacement. However, this procedure has occasionally been associated with complications such as retinal detachment, recurrent subretinal hemorrhage, and macular hole formation. Herein, we present a full-thickness macular hole developed with subretinal tPA injection for massive subretinal hemorrhage in PCV.
Case presentation：
A 60-year-old female with a decade-long history of diabetes mellitus reported a sudden decrease in visual acuity in her right eye over the past month. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation was HM/10cm due to dense vitreous hemorrhage, which precluded a funduscopic examination. Preoperative B-scan ultrasonography revealed vitreous echo-density consistent with vitreous hemorrhage and an echo dense dome-shaped subretinal hemorrhage throughout the quadrant. The patient underwent combined phacoemulsification and vitrectomy with subretinal injection of tPA and pneumatic displacement of the subretinal hemorrhage. On the first postoperative day, her visual acuity decreased to light perception, intraocular pressure (IOP) rose to 40 mmHg, and the anterior chamber was filled with hemorrhage. B-scan ultrasound indicated a massive vitreous hemorrhage with shallow retinal detachment, and the subretinal hemorrhage appeared displaced entirely. Given the high IOP and extensive vitreous hemorrhage, immediate additional vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade was performed. Subsequently, a small macular hole developed, with hemorrhage entering the vitreous cavity through the hole. Four months of follow-up showed complete closure of the macular hole.
Conclusions: Macular hole formation can occur following subretinal tPA injection. While the exact mechanism remains unclear, additional vitrectomy achieves macular hole closure.
The Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention in Reducing Positive and Negative Symptoms in Adolescents with Schizophrenia:
Authors:   author 1 Hamideh Zamani,   author 2 Amir Panahali,   Author 3 Abbas Bakhshipour,   Author 4 Ayyoub Malek
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: There is limited research on cognitive-behavioral interventions for treating individuals under 18 years of age with schizophrenia using single-subject methodology.
Method: This study employed a single-case experimental design with a multiple baseline approach. The participants were three adolescents under 18 years old diagnosed with schizophrenia. They participated in the baseline, treatment, and follow-up phases sequentially. The sampling method was purposive. During the study, participants were assessed using the PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) four times during the baseline phase, four times during the treatment phase, and once during the follow-up phase. Data were analyzed using graphical analysis, percentage of improvement, Cohen's d effect size, percentage of non-overlapping data (PND), and percentage of all non-overlapping data (PAND).
Results: The findings indicated a significant reduction in PANSS scores for positive and negative symptoms in all three participants after the cognitive-behavioral intervention, compared to the baseline scores.
Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in treating schizophrenia in adolescence, both during the intervention and follow-up phases.
Consanguineous marriages and child nutritional health—The moderating effect of household wealth
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Usman , Khatir Abdul Ghani , Quan BaoJiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Consanguineous marriages are prevalent in many societies especially in Asia and Africa, and are linked to various child nutritional health problems. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between consanguineous marriages and child nutritional health in Pakistan, and the moderating effect of wealth status on this relationship. Data from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) conducted in 2017–2018 were utilized. The sample includes 15,671 households, with 63.73% reporting consanguineous marriages. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the adjusted and unadjusted effect of consanguineous marriages and on children's nutritional health, and the moderating effect of household wealth was examined between consanguineous marriages and child nutritional health. The results revealed that consanguineous marriages were associated with increased odds of child wasting {OR 1.84(1.42–2.37)}, stunting {OR 1.23(1.08–1.41)}, and underweight {OR 1.61(1.38–1.88)}. While adjusted odds of stunting {AOR 1.03(0.90–1.19)} remain insignificant, the association between consanguineous marriages and child nutritional health was negatively moderated by household wealth. The study highlights the adverse impact of consanguineous marriages on child nutritional health, and the moderating effect of household wealth on child nutritional health. Efforts should be made to raise awareness about the health risks associated with consanguinity and promote interventions to improve child nutrition in consanguineous unions regardless of wealth status.