bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between potential inappropriate medications use and cognitive frailty among older adults in the community: mediating and moderating effects of depression
Authors: Wang Simeng , Wang Li , Xu Qian , Shi Yan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background Both cognitive frailty and potentially inappropriate medications use are relatively highly prevalent among older adults in the community, and whether depression plays a mediating and regulating role in this process remains to be further explored.Objective To examine the association between PIMs and CF among older adults in the community and to explore the mediating and regulating roles of depression.Methods From March to July 2022, a multistage sampling method was used to sample older adults in Hefei, Anhui, China. The Montreal Basic Cognitive Assessment Scale, Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument, 2017 Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medications for Older Adults in China and Geriatric Depression Scale were used to assess 237 older adults in the community.Results The average number of PIMs taken by these participants was 2.19. PIMs and depression are important factors of CF (P < 0.01), and depression had a significant moderating effect on this factor (β = 0.107, P < 0.01). Moreover, after controlling for confounding factors, depression could regulate the relationship between PIMs and CF. Simple slope analysis revealed that the effect of PIMs on CF in individuals with low-level depression (β = 0.631, P < 0.001) was significantly greater than that in those with high-level depression (β = 0.165, P > 0.01). Specifically, when depression scores were greater than 8.550, the association between PIMs and CF disappeared.Conclusion The prevalence of CF and PIMs was greater among older adults. Depression has a synergistic effect on the occurrence of PIMs and CF. To decrease the prevalence of CF and delay the progression of dementia in this population by reducing the prevalence of PIMs, community-based health efforts should be made to strengthen screening for CF, enhance the identification of CF related to medication use, pay attention to the depressive state of this group, and actively promote the review and management of community drugs.
Different impact of cumulative fluid balances on mortality in septic patients with heart failure: Role of left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Liao Jian , Wang Maojuan , Xie Hong , Lu Dingyu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background Septic patients with heart failure may be more sensitive to intravenous fluid infusion and are at risk for fluid overload. Methods to assess fluid overload status and how fluid accumulation relates to prognosis in these patients remain unknown. Based on these results, we aimed to explore how cumulative fluid balances during the initial three days in the ICU affect the prognosis of septic patients with heart failure . Methods Data for this retrospective study were obtained from the MIMIC IV2.2 database. According to the daily cumulative fluid balance status, patients were divided into negative fluid balance group (CFB < 0%) and positive fluid balance group (CFB ≥ 0%). The main outcome of this study was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Cox regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between the daily CFB and the risk of mortality. Subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate the consistency of the prognostic value of the daily CFB status (day1-day3) in septic patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF,LVEF < 50%) and preserved ejection fraction ( HFpEF,LVEF ≥ 50%). Results A total of 1150 patients were included in this study, including 776 survivors and 374 deaths.The median age was 65 ± 12 years, with males comprising 58.0% of the sample. CFB-day3 (AUC = 0.765) had a better predictive ability for mortality than CFB-day2(AUC = 0.727) or CFB-day1 (AUC = 0.530). Similar results were observed in the HFrEF and HFpEF population. Subgroup analysis showed that a positive fluid balance of CFB-day1 was associated with a 78% increased risk of mortality among patients with HFrEF(LVEF < 50%). However, a positive fluid balance of CFB-day1 was associated with a 52% reduced risk among patients with HFpEF(LVEF ≥ 50%). In exploratory analyses, the proportional effect of a positive fluid balance of CFB-day2 or CFB-day3 on mortality was consistent across all eight pre-specified subgroups, regardless of whether the patient had a preserved ejection fraction or a reduced ejection fraction (all P for interaction > 0.05). Conclusions In septic patients with HFpEF, positive fluid balance of CFB-day1 might improve the prognosis of patients. However, from the second day, fluid overload was associated with poor prognosis. Therefor, we propose that on the first day of fluid resuscitation, the therapy should be considered according to the LVEF level. Furthermore, diuretics or CRRT should be utilized as much as possible on the second or third day to achieve a negative fluid balance.
Revealing urban area from mobile positioning data
Authors: Pintér Gergő 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Researchers face the trade-off between publishing mobility data along with their papers while protecting the privacy of the individuals.In addition to the anonymization process, other techniques, such as spatial discretization and location concealing or removal, are applied to achieve these dual objectives.The primary research question is whether concealing the observation area is an adequate form of protection or whether human mobility patterns in urban areas are inherently revealing of location.The characteristics of the mobility data, such as the number of activity records in a given spatial unit, can reveal the silhouette of the urban landscape, which can be used to infer the identity of the city in question.The presented locating method was tested on multiple cities using different open datasets and against coarser spatial discretization units.While publishing mobility data is essential for research, concealing the observation area is insufficient to prevent the identification of the urban area.Instead of obscuring the observation area, noise should be added to the trajectories to prevent user identification.
Resting-state degree centrality and Granger causality analysis of facial working memory in patients with first-episode schizophrenia
Authors: Zhou Su-Miao , Kuang Qi-Jie , Huang Hua-qin , She Sheng-lin , Zheng Ying-Jun , Li Xuan-Zi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: This study focused on the relationship between facial working memory (WM) and resting-state brain function abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia.
Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were collected from 28 first-episode schizophrenia (FSZ) patients and 33 healthy controls (HCs). Degree centrality (DC) and Granger causality analysis (GCA) were used to assessbrain region connectivity. A match-to-sample task was used to examine visual WM for faces and houses. Correlations between DC and facial WM scores were analysed. Brain regions were selected as regions of interest (ROIs) and subjected to further GCA.
Result: The results revealed that WM accuracy was lower in FSZ patients than in HCs for both loads and stimuli (P < 0.010). FSZ patients presentedspecific facial WM impairmentsat high loads (t = 2.21, P = 0.031). DC values of the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) were linked to facial WM accuracy (P < 0.050, FDR correction). GCA indicated inhibited connectivity from the right MFG to the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and right thalamus and from the right postcentral gyrus to the right MFG in FSZ patients (P < 0.050, FDR correction). DC values of the right thalamus correlated with negative symptom scores (r = -0.44, P = 0.018) and affective symptom scores (r = -0.57, P = 0.002).
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that FSZ patients may have specifically impaired facial WM ability, which may be associated with altered functions in multiple brain regions. Some of these functions are associated with clinical symptoms, which may provide insight into the underlying neural mechanisms of schizophrenia.
Mechanism and process influence of inner diameter expansion during forward hot spinning of 5A06 aluminum alloy tube
Authors: Wang Zhijian , Yang Henan , Song Hongwu , Shang Xiaofeng , Xie Wenlong , Zhang Wentao , Zhang Lijuan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

During hot spinning process of aluminum alloy tube parts, it is easy to have the phenomenon of inner diameter expansion, which makes it difficult to guarantee the dimensional accuracy of tube. For better understanding of the mechanism and find the way to solve this problem, finite element numerical simulation method was applied to systematically study the relation of stress, strain evolution with the inner diameter expansion, and the quantitively influence of spinning process parameters including feed speed, rotation speed, thinning rate, spinning temperature on the inner diameter expansion data. The results show that during the spinning process, there is a line with the same three-dimension principal stress in the radial direction of the tube in the contact area between the roller and the tube, which is the plastic flow boundary of the material. The contact area is divided into two regions by the dividing line. The stress state of these two regions is three-dimensional compressive stress, but the different flow directions of the two regions lead to the inner diameter expansion. The change of spinning process parameters affects the size of inner diameter expansion by affecting the position of plastic flow boundary. Within a reasonable range, the smaller the feed speed, thinning rate and the spinning temperature, the higher the rotation speed, the closer the boundary position to the unformed area of the tube, and the smaller the inner diameter expansion of the tube. The achievement of this study has certain theoretical guiding significance for selecting appropriate process parameters to control the inner diameter expansion amount to improve the dimensional accuracy of spinning forming tube.
Could video game-based physical rehabilitation substitute for conventional physiotherapy in patients with glioma? A proof-of-concept study
Authors: Sakamoto Hayato , Tashiro Syoichi , Takebayashi Mayuko , Matsuda Kyohei , Saito Kuniaki , Kobayashi Keiichi , Nagane Motoo , Shiokawa Yoshiaki , Nakatomi Hirohumi , Yamada Shin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The present study investigated the clinical feasibility of replacing a part of conventional physiotherapy (PT) with Nintendo Wii® for the recovery of motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with glioma.
Methods
This study included 10 patients with first-episode gliomas who were admitted to the neurosurgery department of a tertiary hospital. According to the patients' preferences, they were allocated to conventional PT or Wii® rehabilitation groups in which a part of the conventional PT sessions were replaced with Wii® training. The Fugl–Meyer Assessment (FMA), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) measures were compared between the treatment groups using the Mann–Whitney U test.
Results
The Wii® rehabilitation and conventional PT groups included four (age 39 [26–53] years, n = 2 each WHO grade III and IV) and six patients (age 72 [59–80] years; all WHO grade IV), respectively. No patient dropouts were observed. The beneficial changes did not differ significantly between the conventional PT and Wii® groups (FMA: 1.0 vs. 1.5, SPPB: -1.0 vs. -0.5, FIM: -2.5 vs. 2.5, HAD: 6 vs. 0). No adverse events such as falls were observed in either treatment group.
Conclusion
Wii® rehabilitation had comparable effects with conventional PT for the inpatient rehabilitation of patients with glioma, with no adverse effects. Wii® rehabilitation showed potential as a home-based training modality because no physical assistance was required.
Serum autoantibody-based biomarkers for prognosis in early-stage lung cancer patients with surgical resection
Authors: Jiang Panpan , Wang Kaili , Wei Yaqin , Chen Haonan , Cai Xueqin , Hua Yan , Li Ming 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Lung cancer is the cancer with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Autoantibodies have been widely used as biomarkers for detection of lung cancer. With the increasing diagnosis rate of patients with early-stage lung cancer, surgery has become the first-line treatment for more patients. However, there is a lack of effective indicators to assess the risk of recurrence after lung cancer surgery.
Methods
We collected levels of serum autoantibodies (MAGEA1, GAGE7, GBU4-5, CAGE, SOX2, P53 and PGP9.5) and evaluated their roles as biomarkers especially for postoperative recurrence of lung cancer. In vitro experiments including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) were performed to explore the functions of serum autoantibodies.
Results
Our study demonstrated that serum autoantibody-positive patients with early-stage lung cancer had a longer postoperative progression period. The levels of serum autoantibodies in patients with lung cancer were higher than that in patients with benign lung diseases. Additionally, MAGEA1 exhibited higher levels in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) than that in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) but all the serum autoantibodies had no difference between patients with stage I and II. In addition, the results of in vitro experiments indicated that serum autoantibodies can mediate immune responses and enhance anti-tumor effects.
Conclusion
This study proposed effective biomarkers for prognosis in lung cancer patients after surgery which is critical to reduce the recurrence. Besides, the anti-tumor effect of serum autoantibodies may provide a new strategy for the treatment of lung cancer.
Management policy for postoperative acromegaly patients with normal IGF-1 and high GH levels on oral glucose tests
Authors: Kinoshita Yasuyuki , Taguchi Akira , Yamasaki Fumiyuki , Onishi Shumpei , Tominaga Atsushi , Horie Nobutaka 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Acromegaly patients occasionally achieve either the remission criterion of IGF-1 or GH level postoperatively; however, whether additional treatment modalities should be administered in patients with unclear clinical courses remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the clinical courses and features of postoperative patients with normal IGF-1 and high GH levels and support their management.
Methods
In total, 110 acromegaly patients underwent initial surgery and a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 3 months postoperatively. Patients with normal IGF-1 and high GH levels on OGTT (high-GH group) were categorized into three subtypes based on their clinical courses thereafter: late-remission type (nadir GH level on OGTT of < 0.4 µg/L later), recurrence type (elevated IGF-1 and GH levels later), and persistent type (normal IGF-1 levels and constantly high nadir GH levels on OGTTs).
Results
The proportion of patients in the high-GH group was 23.6%, and they were distributed as follows: late-remission type (n = 10), recurrence type (n = 5), and persistent type (n = 8). There were significantly more females (P = 0.0178) than males in the late-remission type, and patients in the persistent type had significantly larger tumors (P = 0.0110) and higher preoperative GH levels (P = 0.0018) than those who achieved complete remission 3 months postoperatively.
Conclusion
Careful monitoring without additional medications is recommended at first in acromegaly patients with normal IGF-1 and high GH levels because of the low recurrence rate, especially in female patients and patients with high preoperative GH levels.
Responses of seedling growth and physiological characteristics of perennial species Sophora alopecuroides to warming and nitrogen deposition in temperate arid habitats, China
Authors: zhao hongmei , zhao yu , bai yijun , zhang xiaolin , zeng zhiyi , wangyu zhijie , shang tiancui , Liu Ying 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
It is now undisputed that global warming and nitrogen deposition are having a significant impact on ecosystems. Therefore, it is important to gain a better understanding of how plants are responding to these changes. Of particular interest is Sophora alopecuroides, a common and invasive native plant species found in the temperate desert steppes and arid zone temperate steppes of northwestern China. It is of great importance to gain insight into the growth and physiological responses of its seedlings when exposed to conditions of warming and nitrogen deposition. This knowledge is crucial to elucidate the invasion mechanisms of the species and to assess the potential ecological security risks. To study these effects in depth, treatments of nitrogen (N) addition, warming (W), and a synergistic approach of warming and nitrogen (WN) were established.
Results
The W and WN treatments demonstrated no statistically significant difference in germination rate, index, or potential relative to the control (CK), whereas the N treatment exhibited a notable reduction in germination rate. The W and WN treatments were found to significantly enhance several key growth parameters, including root-to-shoot ratio, stem diameter, plant height, and axial root length. In contrast, the N treatment was observed to significantly reduce these same parameters, with the exception of stem length. In comparison to the control treatment, the nitrogen treatment resulted in an increase in leaf biomass, whereas the water treatment led to a reduction in leaf number. The W and WN treatments were observed to significantly enhance both above-ground and below-ground biomass. The N treatment also resulted in an improvement in leaf biomass ratio and root-to-shoot ratio, while the WN treatment increased stem biomass ratio and root biomass ratio. The N treatment resulted in a reduction in chlorophyll, soluble sugar, and soluble protein contents. In contrast, the W treatment led to a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels, while the WN treatment increased nitrate reductase activity. Both the N and W treatments elevated enzyme activity, but also had a stronger inhibitory effect on superoxide dismutase enzyme activity.
Conclusions
The treatments of warming, nitrogen addition, and their combination resulted in significant alterations to the germination characteristics, biomass accumulation, and physiological metabolism of S. alopecuroides. These findings are of great significance for advancing our comprehension of the species' influence on ecosystems and for the formulation of efficacious management and control strategies.
Prevalence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and effect of obesity on left atrial strain in older adults of Geriatric department
Authors: Guillén Karol Andrea Guzmán , Ulloa Sandra Victoria Abril 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Little is known about the prevalence of LVDD in the older adults, as well as the associated factors.
Objective: to determine the prevalence of LVDD in the elderly, the specific objectives were to characterize the population according to demographic, anthropometric, clinical and echocardiographic variables, to obtain the prevalence of degrees of LVDD and associated factors.
Methodology: it was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in 158 adults aged ≥ 65 years who attended the geriatric department they underwent an echocardiogram, echocardiographic criteria for diastolic function were applied, patients with left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50%, pacemakers, resynchronizers or defibrillators were excluded.
Results: the prevalence of LVDD in the elderly was 20%. In patients aged ≥ 75 years, the prevalence ratio (PR) was 2.24 (95% CI 1.20–4.16) p = 0.010. The mean longitudinal strain of the left atrium (LA) was different with respect to body mass index (BMI) p = 0.003.
Conclusions: LVDD was associated with age and the probability increased in adults ≥ 75 years, the prevalence of LVVD was 20%, obesity is associated with impaired reservoir LA function. In older adults the obesity. These findings emphasize the need to perform an echocardiogram in adults ≥ 75 years for the detection and follow-up of the progression of cardiac dysfunction.
Mediating effects of DNA methylation levels (cg04622888 and cg05037505) on the association between childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents
Authors: Li Yanqi , Guo Shaungshuang , Xie Xinyi , Zhang Yi , Jiao Ting , Wu Yibo , Ma Ying , Chen Runsen , Chen Ruoling , Yu Yizhen , Tang Jie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
It is unclear whether DNA methylation underlies the associations of childhood maltreatment (CM) with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents. We aim to explore the mediating effect of specific DNA methylation sites’ levels on the associations of CM and its subtypes with NSSI, following investigation on the association between the specific DNA methylation sites’ levels and NSSI.
Methods
A nested case-control study was conducted to examine 155 adolescents aged 12–14 years who had NSSI and 201 controls. CM and its subtypes were evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. The 850k chip was used to discover the differences in the whole genome methylation levels in the peripheral blood of 10 NSSI cases and 10 controls. Pyrosequencing was employed to detect the levels of differential methylation sites among the study population, which were selected based on bioinformatics analysis.
Results
After controlling for potential confounders, CM and its subtypes, and the methylation levels of cg04622888 and cg05037505 were all significantly associated with NSSI. The methylation level of cg05037505 significantly mediated the association of emotional abuse (proportion mediated estimates: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.06–0.14), emotional neglect (0.08; 95%CI: 0.05–0.13), or physical neglect (0.18; 95%CI: 0.08–0.31) with NSSI. The methylation level of cg04622888 significantly mediated the association of physical neglect (0.14; 95%CI: 0.06–0.25) with NSSI.
Conclusions
The methylation levels of cg04622888 and cg05037505 were independently associated with NSSI among early adolescents, and they partially mediated the associations of emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical abuse with NSSI. Targeted interventions for NSSI should focus on individuals who have experienced of CM and exhibit high methylation levels of cg04622888 and cg05037505.
Hepatic Portal Vein Gas Induced by Acute Ischemic Intestinal Necrosis from Alcoholism: A Case Report Emphasizing Early Detection and Intervention
Authors: Yuan Zhu , Wu Zhengbin , Mao Chengyi , Zhong Shili , Wang Zhen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Hepatic portal vein gas (HPVG) is an imaging sign first reported in 1955, which indicates a poor prognosis, with a fatality rate of 75%. Often referred to as the "death eye," more than 100 cases of HPVG have been reported to date. Advances in CT and other imaging techniques, as well as timely detection and early treatment, have reduced the mortality rate to 30%. However, HPVG complicated by intestinal gas accumulation and septic shock suggests intestinal necrosis and potentially fatal outcomes. This case report presents a rare instance of acute ischemic intestinal necrosis caused by alcoholism, resulting in hepatic portal vein gas accumulation. Despite interventions such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and surgical treatment, the patient unfortunately did not survive. This case report emphasizes the critical need for vigilance regarding the potential risk of severe intestinal necrosis in patients with HPVG.