bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception and barrier in access to sexual and reproductive health services among youth (aged 18-24) in Xiangkhuang province: A mixed-method study study
Authors: Phanthady Mr. Johnly , Sychareun Vanphanom , Thongmixay Souksamone , Phonlevong Vannasith , Sihavong Buasone , Vorasith Xayphasith , Thammavongsa Vassana , Nathavong Soudavanh 
Published: September 2024

Background: Sexual activity during youthful age is common in Lao People’s Democratic Republic. However, youth insufficiently use the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services and subsequently suffer from poor sexual and reproductive health. To stimulate evidence-informed decision-making in health policies, context specific research describing the barriers preventing Lao youth from accessing sexual and reproductive health services is needed.
Objectives: To explore the barriers in access to sexual and reproductive health services among unmarried young people in Laos.
Methods: Mixed methods were employed to conduct this study in Xiangkhuang province with 444 youths. Face-to-face interviews using questionnaires classified accessibility as geographical (availability), affordability, and approachability, acceptability, and appropriateness. IDIs and FGDs were used to investigate cognitive, psychosocial, and geographic accessibility, affordability, and SRH service quality. Data were entered into Epi-data 3.1 and exported to STATA 14 for analysis. Univariable and multivariable analysis identified predictors of total accessibility, reported as Adjusted OR with a 95% CI and P-value < 0.05.
Results: The results found the mean age of the participants with 19.9 years and 68.6% were female,66.9% of them stayed in urban area, 79.9% were Lao, and 93.5% were single. More than half of the participants had poor level of perception toward accessibility of SRH services (51.4%), and 55.1% encountered barriers, highlighting significant challenges in accessing essential services. In multivariable analysis, spiritual individuals had lower odds in perceiving SRH as accessible than Buddhists (AOR = 0.4, 95%CI: 0.2-0.7, p = 0.004), but no significant difference existed among Christians. Those earning over 1,500,000 LAK were more likely to perceive SRH as accessible than those below this threshold (AOR = 2.7, 95%CI: 1.0-7.0, p = 0.041). Additionally, individuals with sexual experience had higher odds of seeing SRH as accessible compared to unexperienced (AOR = 1.9, 95%CI: 1.2-3.1, p = 0.006).
Conclusion: The study on youth's perception and barriers to accessing sexual and reproductive health services revealed unique challenges, including Lao ethnicity and Buddhism, financial obstacles, and family influence. The study suggested that targeted interventions should focus on culturally sensitive service delivery, addressing financial barriers, promoting education, and improving internet access to enhance accessibility and overall well-being among youth populations.
THE PRIORITY DIRECTION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE SPHERE OF INNOVATION THE FACTOR OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE SECTOR COOPERATION
Authors: Alıyeva Sevda 
Published: September 2024

Such a vital trend for the economic development of innovation, as the above-defined cooperation between the public and the private sectors, mere fact becomes possible only due to such a symbiosis. The symbiosis of two fundamentally oppositional structures creates a context in which a unique ecosystem, propelling innovation and economic improvement, can be facilitated. On the one hand, the public sector brings an incredible insight into regulation capacities and significant funding utilities. The issue that arises in this partnership is a market failure when none of the sectors can encourage technological development on their own. A partnership, however, does help to establish innovation hubs, encourage research and development, and facilitate commercialization. Governments through adjusting public policies to the private sector and indulging in joint ventures overcome market failure and stimulate innovation. Such partnerships also beneficial in addressing societal problems via innovation, thus, at the long-run level, private and public unions become a necessity.
PULP REVASCULARIZATION IN LOWER MOLARS
Authors:   Sandra Sayão Maia, Silva Luciano Barreto , dos Santos Pedro Guimarães Sampaio Trajano , Travassos Rosana Maria Coelho , Melo Júnior Paulo Maurício de Reis , de Ataíde Filho Ailton Coelho , Marques Filho Eudoro de Queiroz , Cunha Rodolfo Scavuzzi Carneiro , Ataíde Juliana Perez Leyva , dos Santos Nathara Killen Maciel 
Published: September 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to report a pulp revascularization case report performed on a lower molar. Methodology: The searches were carried out on Web of Science, PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Scielo, Brazilian CAPES as well as Google academic portal. Twenty four articles were researched concerning the revascularization process to reach apical finalization. Knowledge from books and periodicals were also consulted, constituting the gray literature to give reliable information for this paper. In order to reinforce the basis of this study, it was decided to use the protocols of Yin (2001) and Pereira et al. (2008). Results: During the reporting process, supported by literature review, it is possible to note that for pulp revascularization to occur successfully, infection control, stimulation of local bleeding and cell activation are necessary steps. Furthermore, factors such as age, clinical cure and nutritional conditions directly influence the success rate of each case.
Racism Phenomenon Portrays in Till Movie by Chinonye Chukwu
Authors: Yusuf Aprilulloh , Hastuti Dwi , Pratama Rizky Mirani Desi 
Published: September 2024

This research aims to find what kinds of racism are shown in the Till movie, the amount of racist phenomena that occur in the Till movie, and the black people respond to racism in the Till movie. The writer used qualitative methods with a semiotic approach focusing on language signs of racism. There are two data-collecting techniques: Primary Data and Secondary Data. Primary data is from a video of the Till movie, and secondary data is from the literature review. The writer found six types of racism found in the Till movie. There are Interpersonal Racism, Institutional Racism, Structural Racism, Societal Racism, Discrimination, and Violence. In total, seventeen phenomena of racism occur in the Till movie. There are several black people's responses to the racism they experienced in the Till movie. The reactions are understanding and compassion, community solidarity, celebration, pride in our culture, assistance and guidance of younger generations, advocacy and activism, and support from different races.
Chemical and Physicochemical Properties of the Lipid Extract of (Ricinodendron heudelotii) Baill. Almonds (Euphorbiaceae) from Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Souleymane Bamba , Alexis Gué Lieuné , Hyacinthe Ouattara Logopho , Lanciné Traoré , Séverin Katou Yapo , Mida Kabran Guy Roger , Jacques Konan Dibi , Mohamed Belemlilga Bonewendé 
Published: September 2024

The study focused on the valorisation of the fat extracted from the kernels of Ricinodendron heudelotii, (Baill.) a plant of the Euphorbiaceae family cultivated in Côte d'Ivoire. The extraction was performed using Soxhlet with n-hexane, followed by the determination of fatty acids and physicochemical parameters such as acid, ester, peroxide, saponification, and iodine indices, as well as calorific value and unsaponifiable matter content. The oil obtained has a pale yellow colour and a fat content of 38.70 ± 0.45%. The physicochemical analysis yielded the following results: an iodine index of 109.51 ± 0.86 g iodine/100 g oil, indicating a high level of unsaturated fatty acids, primarily linoleic acid (45.21%); a peroxide index of 23.33 ± 2.35 meq O2/kg oil, revealing a high level of primary oxidation and low oxidative stability; a saponification index of 187.70 ± 11.19 mg KOH/g oil, reflecting a significant content of esterified and free fatty acids; an acid index of 4.20 ± 1.14 mg KOH/g oil, within the acceptable limits for edible oils; an ester index of 183.50 ± 10.05 mg KOH/g oil; a calorific value of 40414.44 ± 427.36 kJ/kg, suggesting its potential as an energy source; and an unsaponifiable matter content of 0.72 ± 0.08%.
GC-MS analysis revealed a low content of saturated fatty acids and a significant proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, primarily linoleic acid. These findings suggest that Ricinodendron heudelotii fat may have potential applications in food and as a source of energy. However, its high oxidative instability indicates that precautions must be taken when using it in food products.
Estimation of Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis for Quality and Agronomic Traits in in Forage Sorghum
Authors: Ahalawat Shivani , Singh S.K. , Gangwar L.K. , Chand Pooran , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: September 2024

Ten genotypes i.e., CSV-15, Pusa Chari-6, HC-308, Pant Chari-4, G-48, HJ-513, UP Chari4, HC-171, SSG-59-3 and ICSV-700 studied for genetic variability, correlation and path analysis for days to flowering, plant height, leaf length, leaf breadth, stem girth, leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf stem ratio, total soluble solids, protein content, fiber content, HCN content and green fodder yield. The analysis of variance for the experiment with fifty-five treatments for all the thirteen attributes revealed significant differences among the material used in the present investigation, which indicated that wide spectrum of variation among the genotypes. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation were found higher for leaf stem ratio and green fodder yield, which indicating that more variability and scope for selection in improving these characters. High heritability accompanied with high genetic advance as percent of mean noted for leaf breadth, stem girth, leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf stem ratio, total soluble solids and green fodder yield. This indicated that these traits were highly heritable and selection of high performing genotypes is possible to improve these attributes. Green fodder yield exhibited significant stable and positive correlation with days to 50% flowering, plant height, leaf length, leaf breadth, stem girth, leaves per plant and leaf area at genotypic and phenotypic level. These characters may be considered as important yield component in forage sorghum. Leaf breadth displayed high order of direct effect on green fodder yield per plant followed by leaves per plant, leaf length and stem girth at phenotypic and genotypic level, which indicated that the contribution of individual attributes to fodder yield is of importance in planning a sound breeding programme for developing for high yielding varieties.
Covid-19 and Role of the Caregivers of the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Nasif Ajmain Fayak Al , Anika Jeba 
Published: September 2024

Background: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are the most vulnerable group in the society, who have suffered a lot during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Objectives: The main objective of this study is to explore the strategies taken by the caregivers of the ASD children during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Methodology: The study followed a holistic mixed-method approach. Simple random sampling was used to select the respondents to conduct a survey for the research. For quantitative analysis Chi-square test has been conducted to examine the association between the variables. For the qualitative part of the study, 5 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were carried out from the experts (such as therapists and teachers) by constructing 15 open-ended questions.
Results: Analysis of data revealed the strategies taken by the caregivers of the ASD children during the Covid-19 pandemic such as- assigning therapists, providing teletherapy, making session plans and taking online classes. It has also disclosed the behavioral changes noticed by the caregivers of the ASD children such as hyperactivity, lack of attention. In this research, for quantitative analysis a total 248 data were collected from the caregivers (parents) of the ASD Children in Dhaka City and most of the respondents (80%) were the mother of the children. 98% of the parents observed some sorts of behavioral changes and 90% of them followed different strategies for their mental and physical development during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: To put it simply, sufferings of the ASD children and their caregivers know no bounds during the pandemic. The caregivers fought many more challenges than we can imagine from the outside.
Finanzierungspersonengesellschaft, -kapitalgesellschaft: Steuerliche Risiken und Gestaltungschancen bei der konzerninternen Finanzierung von Mitunternehmerschaften
Authors: Zabel Dana 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die grenzüberschreitende Konzernfinanzierung deutscher Kapitalgesellschaften ist Gegenstand ständiger steuerrechtlicher Auseinandersetzungen und Quell zahlreicher Meinungsäußerungen aus der Finanzverwaltung, Rechtsprechung, Steuerberatungspraxis und Wissenschaft. Dagegen führen die steuerlichen Folgen der Finanzierung deutscher Mitunternehmerschaften durch ausländische Konzernfinanzierungsgesellschaften eher ein Schattendasein. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand eines Fallbeispiels den steuerlichen Risiken und Gestaltungschancen der Finanzierung inländischer Kommanditgesellschaften durch eine ausländische Konzernfinanzierungsgesellschaft auf den Grund gegangen. Dabei wird sowohl das Szenario einer Finanzierungsgesellschaft in der Rechtsform einer Personengesellschaft als auch einer Kapitalgesellschaft betrachtet.
Characteristic temperatures of hypervelocity dust impact plasmas
Authors: Collette A. , Malaspina D. M. , Sternovsky Z. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe effective ion and electron temperatures of dust impact generated plasma clouds are measured experimentally as a function of impact speed in the range of 4–20 km/s. The measurements are performed in an experimental setup that resembles the detection of dust particles by electric field or plasma wave antennas on spacecraft. The spacecraft is modeled as a conductive plate and a cylindrical antenna connected to voltage follower electronics is used to measure the collected charge. The setup is bombarded with dust particles using the University of Colorado IMPACT dust accelerator facility. The effective ion and electron temperatures are determined from the variation of the impact signals with an applied bias voltage. The results show that the temperatures of the electrons remain at around or below 5 eV over the investigated impact speed range. The characteristic ion temperature is about 5 eV at 4 km/s; however, it increases with increasing impact speed to > 10 eV at 20 km/s. Given that the floating potentials of spacecraft and antennas are on the order of a few volts, the findings suggest that any model for the interpretation of dust impact signals should take into account the effects of a finite temperatures.
Destabilization of glacial climate by the radiative impact of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation disruptions
Authors: Galbraith Eric D. , Merlis Timothy M. , Palter Jaime B. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDuring each of the dramatic global warmings that ended the Pleistocene ice ages, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) was disrupted. It is not clear whether this was a contributing cause or simply an effect of deglaciation. Here we show that in an ensemble of simulations with a global climate model, AMOC disruption causes a consistent and sustained positive radiative imbalance of ~0.4 W m−2. The imbalance is accommodated by heat accumulation in the ocean interior, representing an overall planetary warming, subsequently released by deep convection in the North Atlantic when the AMOC resumes. The results suggest a means by which AMOC disruptions could have helped to tip the planet out of stable glaciated states. However, the fact that AMOC disruptions occurred during prior Heinrich Stadials without causing deglaciation shows that other factors, such as ice sheet dynamics, or controls on CO2, were also key for deglaciation.
Physical mechanism causing rapid changes in ultrarelativistic electron pitch angle distributions right after a shock arrival: Evaluation of an electron dropout event
Authors: Zhang X.‐J. , Li W. , Thorne R. M. , Angelopoulos V. , Ma Q. , Li J. , Bortnik J. , Nishimura Y. , Chen L. , Baker D. N. , Reeves G. D. , Spence H. E. , Kletzing C. A. , Kurth W. S. , Hospodarsky G. B. , Blake J. B. , Fennell J. F. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThree mechanisms have been proposed to explain relativistic electron flux depletions (dropouts) in the Earth's outer radiation belt during storm times: adiabatic expansion of electron drift shells due to a decrease in magnetic field strength, magnetopause shadowing and subsequent outward radial diffusion, and precipitation into the atmosphere (driven by EMIC wave scattering). Which mechanism predominates in causing electron dropouts commonly observed in the outer radiation belt is still debatable. In the present study, we evaluate the physical mechanism that may be primarily responsible for causing the sudden change in relativistic electron pitch angle distributions during a dropout event observed by Van Allen Probes during the main phase of the 27 February 2014 storm. During this event, the phase space density of ultrarelativistic (>1 MeV) electrons was depleted by more than 1 order of magnitude over the entire radial extent of the outer radiation belt (3 < L* < 5) in less than 6 h after the passage of an interplanetary shock. We model the electron pitch angle distribution under a compressed magnetic field topology based on actual solar wind conditions. Although these ultrarelativistic electrons exhibit highly anisotropic (peaked in 90°), energy‐dependent pitch angle distributions, which appear to be associated with the typical EMIC wave scattering, comparison of the modeled electron distribution to electron measurements indicates that drift shell splitting is responsible for this rapid change in electron pitch angle distributions. This further indicates that magnetopause loss is the predominant cause of the electron dropout right after the shock arrival.
Theoretical limits on detection and analysis of small earthquakes
Authors: Kwiatek Grzegorz , Ben‐Zion Yehuda 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe investigate theoretical limits on detection and reliable estimates of source characteristics of small earthquakes using synthetic seismograms for shear/tensile dislocations on kinematic circular ruptures and observed seismic noise and properties of several acquisition systems (instrument response, sampling rate). Simulated source time functions for shear/tensile dislocation events with different magnitudes, static stress drops, and rupture velocities provide estimates for the amplitude and frequency content of P and S phases at various observation angles. The source time functions are convolved with a Green's function for a homogenous solid assuming given P, S wave velocities and attenuation coefficients and a given instrument response. The synthetic waveforms are superposed with average levels of the observed ambient seismic noise up to 1 kHz. The combined seismograms are used to calculate signal‐to‐noise ratios and expected frequency content of P and S phases at various locations. The synthetic simulations of signal‐to‐noise ratio reproduce observed ratios extracted from several well‐recorded data sets. The results provide guidelines on detection of small events in various geological environments, along with information relevant to reliable analyses of earthquake source properties.
Novel determination of radon‐222 velocity in deep subsurface rocks and the feasibility to using radon as an earthquake precursor
Authors: Zafrir Hovav , Ben Horin Yochai , Malik Uri , Chemo Chaim , Zalevsky Zeev 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel technique utilizing simultaneous radon monitoring by gamma and alpha detectors to differentiate between the radon climatic driving forces and others has been improved and used for deep subsurface investigation. Detailed long‐term monitoring served as a proxy for studying radon movement within the shallow and deep subsurface, as well as for analyzing the effect of various parameters of the radon transport pattern. The main achievements of the investigation are (a) determination, for the first time, of the radon movement velocity within rock layers at depths of several tens of meters, namely, 25 m/h on average; (b) distinguishing between the diurnal periodical effect of the ambient temperature and the semidiurnal effect of the ambient pressure on the radon temporal spectrum; and (c) identification of a radon random preseismic anomaly preceding the Nuweiba, M 5.5 earthquake of 27 June 2015 that occurred within Dead Sea Fault Zone.
Waves in polar lows
Authors: Orimolade A. P. , Furevik B. R. , Noer G. , Gudmestad O. T. , Samelson R. M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn a rather stationary fetch, one would not expect large waves in polar low situations. However, the picture changes when one considers a moving fetch. The significant wave heights that may be associated with the recorded polar lows on the Norwegian continental shelf from December 1999 to October 2015 are estimated using a one‐dimensional parametric wave model. A comparison of the measured and the forecasted significant wave heights in two recent polar low cases in the Barents Sea is presented. The estimated significant wave heights show that the values could have been up to and above 9 m. The forecasted significant wave heights considerably underestimated the measured significant wave heights in the two recent polar low cases that are considered. Furthermore, a generalization of the fetch‐limited wave equation in polar lows is proposed, which allows the wind field to vary in space and time, and is shown to give results that are consistent with the one‐dimensional parametric model.
Investigation of liquid cloud microphysical properties of deep convective systems: 1. Parameterization raindrop size distribution and its application for stratiform rain estimation
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Dong Xiquan , Xi Baike , Heymsfield Andrew J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTo investigate liquid‐phase (T > 3°C) cloud and precipitation microphysical properties within Deep Convective Systems (DCSs), eight DCS cases sampled by the University of North Dakota Citation II research aircraft during Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment were selected. A full spectrum of raindrop size distribution (DSD) was constructed from 120 µm to 4000 µm through a combination of two‐dimensional cloud probe (120 to 900 µm) and High Volume Precipitation Spectrometer (900 to 4000 µm) data sets. A total of 1126 five second DSDs have been used to fit to Gamma and Exponential functions within the stratiform rain (SR) regions of DCSs. The Gamma shape μΓ and slope λΓ parameters are then compared with those derived from surface disdrometer measurements. The similar μΓ‐λΓ relationships but different μΓ and λΓ value ranges from two independent platforms at different elevations may represent the real nature of DSD shape information in clouds and at the surface. To apply the exponentially fitted DSD parameters to precipitation estimation using Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) radar reflectivity factor Ze, the terms N0E and λE have been parameterized as a function of Ze using an empirical N0E‐λE relationship. The averaged SR rain rate retrieved from this study is almost identical to the surface measurements, while the NEXRAD Q2 precipitation is twice as large. The comparisons indicate that the new DSD parameterization scheme is robust, while the Q2 SR precipitation estimation based on Marshall‐Palmer Z‐R relationship, where a constant DSD intercept parameter (N0E) was assumed, needs to be improved for heavy precipitation cases.