bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of coordination between basic cellular processes in human aging
Authors: Leote Ana Carolina , Lopes Francisco , Beyer Andreas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAge-related loss of gene expression coordination has been reported for distinct cell types and may lead to impaired cellular function. Here we propose a method for quantifying age-related changes in transcriptional regulatory relationships between genes, based on a model learned from external data. We used this method to uncover age-related trends in gene–gene relationships across eight human tissues, which demonstrates that reduced co-expression may also result from coordinated transcriptional responses. Our analyses reveal similar numbers of strengthening and weakening gene–gene relationships with age, impacting both tissue-specific (for example, coagulation in blood) and ubiquitous biological functions. Regulatory relationships becoming weaker with age were established mostly between genes operating in distinct cellular processes. As opposed to that, regulatory relationships becoming stronger with age were established both within and between different cellular functions. Our work reveals that, although most transcriptional regulatory gene–gene relationships are maintained during aging, those with declining regulatory coupling result mostly from a loss of coordination between distinct cellular processes.
Unintended Upper Uterine Wall Extensions at the Time of Cesarean Delivery: Risk Factors and Associated Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: Peled Tzuria , Saar Noa , Muraca Giulia M. , Sela Hen Y. , Grisaru-Granovsky Sorina , Rottenstreich Misgav 
Published: September 2024

Objective This study aims to estimate the frequency of unintended upper uterine wall extensions during cesarean delivery (CD) and identify associated risk factors and adverse outcomes.
Study Design A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted, including patients who underwent CD between 2005 and 2021. Demographic factors, obstetric history, CD indications, delivery and surgical characteristics, adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between those with unintended upper uterine wall extensions during CD and those without extensions. Crude and adjusted estimates (odds ratios [ORs] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were used.
Results Among 30,517 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 117 (0.4%) had an unintended upper uterine wall extension. In univariate analysis, upper uterine wall extensions were associated with higher rates of intrapartum CD, second-stage CD, unplanned or emergency CD, CD following failed vacuum delivery or trial of labor after CD, chorioamnionitis, prolonged labor, increased vaginal exams, lower fetal head station, and higher birth weight. During surgery, higher rates of general anesthesia, significant intraperitoneal adhesion, fetal malpresentation, and fetal extraction by the leg were observed. Multivariable analysis identified fetal extraction not by head (adjusted OR [aOR]: 9.17, 95% CI: 5.35–15.73), vertex fetal presentation (aOR: 3.65, 95% CI: 1.81–7.35), second-stage CD (aOR: 3.07, 95% CI: 1.24–7.59), and trial of labor after cesarean (aOR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.08–3.84) as significant risk factors for unintended upper uterine wall extensions. Additionally, upper uterine wall extensions were associated with higher rates of maternal and neonatal complications, including longer operating times, excessive bleeding, postpartum hemorrhage, intraperitoneal drainage, blood product transfusion, puerperal fever, paralytic ileus, Apgar score < 7 at 1 and 5 minutes, and fetal intracranial hemorrhage.
Conclusion Our study identifies risk factors for unintended upper uterine wall extensions during CD. While these extensions are infrequent, their occurrence is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity.
Key Points
Building a Stronger Backbone: 3D Printing's Role in Treating Spinal Cord Conditions
Authors: Jader Arwa , Buccilli Barbara , Kumar Danisha , Atallah Oday , Munir Luqman , Almealawy Yasser F. , Ennabe Michelle , Joshi Neil , Imdad Urooj , Alan Albert , Weinand Martin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSpinal cord injuries (SCIs) pose significant challenges as complete nerve regeneration remains limited. The demand for improved technologies in SCI treatment is evident. One such emerging technology is three-dimensional printing (3DP), which, coupled with advancements in medical imaging and bioengineering, has significantly enhanced precision in surgical procedures. This systematic review aims to explore 3DP as a treatment option for SCIs, examining its cost, efficacy, safety, and the associated technological constraints. A systematic search of Medline was conducted through PubMed for literature published since 2019. The search results were exported to Rayyan for abstract and full-text screening following predefined criteria. The risk of bias in the selected studies was assessed using the RoB2 tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. From a total of 89 articles screened, 11 studies met the eligibility criteria, collectively assessing 237 individuals with various types of SCIs, including lumbar degeneration, en bloc resection of thoracolumbar metastasis, adult spinal deformity, and cervical degeneration. These studies examined the utilization of 3DP devices such as hand orthosis, interbody fusion cages, lamellar titanium cages, artificial vertebral bodies, and others. Most of the reviewed studies reported positive treatment outcomes, with the actual procedure costs varying from $65 to $5,000. Recent literature shows positive outcomes in the use of 3DP technologies for SCIs, highlighting its potential for enhancing both surgical and nonsurgical interventions. These advancements usher in a new era in SCI treatment, providing enhanced precision and a wider range of treatment options, ultimately leading to more comprehensive and effective patient care.
The dimensions of ‘forensic biosecurity’ in genetic and facial contexts
Authors: Kruger Erin , Porter Glenn , Birch Philip , Bizo Lewis , Kennedy Michael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article seeks to examine the co-productions of security and emerging technologies in the two contexts of forensic genetics and forensic facial identification. These surfacing co-productions, deemed here as ‘forensic biosecurity’, are evolving rapidly in both theoretical and practical terms. Definitions and conceptualisations of security are contingent and multiple, impacting forensic biological techniques and innovations in both predictable and unpredictable ways. The military, counter-terrorism, law enforcement, immigration, customs, border patrol, mass disasters, cold case reviews, health, defence, private security, and biometric applications are just a few of the many security environments where forensic biological techniques are applied. The continual development of variations in forensic genetics and facial identification renders a futher blurring of traditional evidence with that of intelligence. Drawing in particular from Joly’s (in: S. Hilgartner, C. Miller, and R. Hagendijk (eds) Science and democracy: Making knowledge and making power in the biosciences and beyond, Taylor and Francis, London, 2015) work on emerging technologies, forensic biosecurity is analysed from a science and technology studies (STS) perspective. An emerging technology in the initial stages is thought to be highly flexible with the potential impacts on society and criminal justice being possibly difficult to predict. Once the science and/or technology has become entrenched and mainstream, it may be difficult to change. The enthusiasm portrayed by law enforcement and security agencies regarding emerging technologies, shows that it is important to remain somewhat cautious about the proliferation of these techniques. While such science and technologies appear to be effective and innovative in the present, it is difficult to accurately forecast or predict the future consequences of such innovations.
The E × B magnetized plasma device (EMPD)
Authors: Hooper Charles T. , Smith Jenny R. , Brewer Trenton R. , Heinrich Jonathon R. , Reid Remington , Cooke David L. 
Published: September 2024

A plasma device has been created to study dynamic plasma coupling in an E × B-drifting magnetized plasma. The E × B magnetized plasma device is a 1.2 m diameter by 2 m long cylindrical chamber with two sets of Helmholtz coils in a mirror configuration. A steady-state axial hollow cathode source injects a plasma discharge in electrical contact with a floating conductor at a range that forms a unique axisymmetric equipotential surface or Virtual Cathode Lightsaber (VCL). The VCL generates two plasma populations streaming relative to one another providing a suitable environment for the investigation of dynamic plasma coupling. The plasma density, radial electric field, and plasma rotational velocity outside the VCL are shown to be influenced by the current–voltage relationship of the cathode and applied magnetic field strength. A basic characterization of the device and plasma environment is presented with an emphasis on diagnostics systems and the analytical techniques utilized.
High-power diode laser spectrally narrowed with prism–etalon feedback
Authors: Muller A. 
Published: September 2024

A simple method for reducing the linewidth of a diode laser while maintaining high output power is described. It is based on a dispersive prism and a thin etalon for retroreflective feedback. The etalon creates two weak external cavities that provide spectral selectivity that is periodic with a period equal to the etalon’s free spectral range. The method was applied to a multimode blue laser diode, which in the absence of feedback features a linewidth of several nanometers. The spectral properties of the laser were investigated for different etalon thicknesses and operating currents and tested in the presence of temperature fluctuations. With a SF11 equilateral uncoated prism near Brewster’s angle and a 0.3 mm-thick uncoated fused silica etalon, the linewidth was reduced 20-fold to 70 pm (3.6 cm−1) with an output power of 3 W at a current of 2.15 A. The largest diode current probed was 2.75 A, which resulted in a linewidth of 100 pm (5.1 cm−1) and an output power of 4 W. In contrast to the use of, for example, a volume Bragg grating, a high degree of flexibility is afforded as the same prism–etalon pair can be used across the visible and near infrared.
Comparative bioengineering and optoelectronic properties of metoprolol by DFT, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic approaches
Authors: Birjand S. R. Seyyedi , Sabbaghzadeh R. , Azadparvar Maliheh , Aliabad H. A. Rahnamaye 
Published: September 2024

The biophysical properties of metoprolol are investigated by the full potential-linearized augmented plane wave method and molecular docking and molecular dynamic approaches. The exchange–correlation potentials are calculated by the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation as implemented in the WIEN2k package. The electronic results show the insulator nature of metoprolol with the indirect bandgap of 3.74 eV between HOMO and LUMO states. In the density of state spectra, the p state of O, C, and N elements confirm the stability of metoprolol. Metoprolol exhibits a metallic behavior in the z direction, while it has a dielectric behavior in the x and y directions. The static refractive indices are obtained 1.49, 1.53, and 1.63 in the x, y, and z directions, respectively. It was found that the maximum reflectivity occurs at the ultraviolet region in the z-direction. The calculated absorption spectra also confirm the other’s experimental results. The obtained results of molecular docking indicate the formation of hydrogen bonds between metoprolol and the beta-2 adrenergic receptors, and molecular dynamics showed a human beta-2 adrenoceptor either in its free state or in complex with a metoprolol molecule. The calculated binding energies of elements by molecular docking and the other biological properties of metoprolol by molecular dynamic are in close agreement with obtained Density Functional Theory (DFT) results for Pharmacia applications.
Photoionization of aziridine: Nonadiabatic dynamics of the first six low-lying electronic states of the aziridine radical cation
Authors: Rani Vadala Jhansi , Kanakati Arun Kumar , Mahapatra S. 
Published: September 2024

In this article, the theoretical photoionization spectroscopy of the aziridine (C2H5N) molecule is investigated. To start with, we have optimized the geometry of this molecule at the neutral electronic ground state at the density functional theory/augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence triple zeta level of theory using the G09 program. The electronic structure calculations were restricted to the first six low-lying electronic states in order to account for the experimental photoelectron spectrum of the C2H5N molecule. The first six low-lying electronic states (X̃2A′, Ã2A′, B̃2A″, C̃2A″, D̃2A′, and Ẽ2A′) of the potential energy surfaces (PESs) are calculated by both equation of motion-ionization potential-coupled cluster singles and doubles and multi-configuration quasi-degenerate perturbation theory ab initio quantum chemistry methods along the dimensionless normal displacement coordinates in which multiple conical intersections were established among the considered electronic states. A (6 × 6) model vibronic Hamiltonian is constructed on a diabatic electronic basis, using the symmetry selection rules and Taylor series expansion. The Cs symmetry point group of the aziridine molecule leads to electronic states symmetry of either A′ or A″, and these states are close in energy, due to which the same symmetry electronic states avoid each other. To get a smooth diabatic PES, a fourfold diabatization scheme is used, which is implemented in the General Atomic and Molecular Electronic Structure Systems suite of programs. All the parameters used in the diabatic vibronic coupling model Hamiltonian are calculated in terms of the normal modes of vibrational coordinates. Finally, the vibronic model Hamiltonian constructed for the coupled six electronic states is used to solve both time-independent and time-dependent Schrödinger equations using the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree program module to obtain the dynamical observables. The theoretical vibronic band structure is found to be in good accord with the available experimental results.
Structural transition in the single layer growth of diindenoperylene on silica
Authors: Elsässer Philipp , Schilling Tanja 
Published: September 2024

When forming a film on a substrate, rod shaped organic molecules can order in lying-down or standing-up phases. We have studied the growth of diindenoperylene films on amorphous silicon dioxide by means of molecular dynamics simulations and analyzed the film structure. The vapor deposition process was emulated by depositing single molecules at a fixed rate on the substrate. At 400 K, we observed a transition from disordered lying-down to standing-up molecules, which agrees well with experimental observations. This transition, which depends sensitively on the kinetic parameters, requires both a sufficiently high thermal energy to overcome the energy barrier and a sufficiently large cluster size. Our results indicate that a higher degree of initial disorder in the lying-down phase results in a larger probability for the system to undergo the transition to the standing-up phase.
Nonlinear Coupling of Kinetic Alfvén Waves and Ion Acoustic Waves in the Inner Heliosphere
Authors: Chettri Mani K , Shrivastav Vivek , Mukherjee Rupak , Gaur Nidhi , Sharma R. P. , Singh Hemam D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study the nonlinear coupling of kinetic Alfvén waves with ion acoustic waves applicable to the Earth’s radiation belt and near-Sun streamer belt solar wind using dynamical equations in the form of modified Zakharov systems. Numerical simulations show the formation of magnetic field filamentary structures associated with density humps and dips which become turbulent at later times, redistributing the energy to higher wavenumbers. The magnetic power spectra exhibit an inertial range Kolmogorov-like spectral index value of −5/3 for k
⊥
ρ

i
< 1, followed by a steeper dissipation range spectra with indices ∼ −3 for the radiation belt case and ∼ −4 for the near-Sun streamer belt solar wind case, here k
⊥ and ρ

i
represent the wavevector component perpendicular to the background magnetic field and the ion thermal gyroradius, respectively. Applying quasilinear theory in terms of the Fokker–Planck equation in the region of wavenumber turbulent spectra, we find the particle distribution function flattening in the superthermal tail population which is the signature of particle energization and plasma heating.
Effects of turbulence on the blade root load of the tandem wind turbine in neutral atmospheric boundary layer
Authors: Li Qian , Li Wei , Lin HangBing , Gao LianDa , Liu Yong , Li DeShun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A model characterizing a turbulent wind field, consistent with neutral atmospheric boundary layer attributes, was developed for a field-based experimental wind turbine using stochastic processes combined with shear flow profiles. By incorporating interactions of vertical thermal exchange, terrain-induced surface roughness, and Coriolis forces, the model simulates environmental impacts. A sequence of wind turbines situated within the atmospheric wind field underwent computational analysis leveraging Large Eddy Simulation (LES) alongside an Actuator Line Model (ALM) to examine atmospheric turbulence alterations both preceding and following the turbines. Analysis of the power spectra concerning wind velocity, turbulence intensity, and components of Reynolds stress upwind and downwind demonstrated the turbines’ blade effects on surrounding turbulence patterns. The research demonstrated that turbulence kinetic energy experienced enhancement in downwind turbines as a result of the upwind turbine’s impact, particularly evident in the lower-frequency spectrum. Augmenting the distance between turbines initially aids in the wake’s turbulent structure restoration, with a marked effect on tip vortices that hold greater amounts of high-frequency energy.
Evaluation of sedimentation processes in riverbank water reservoir
Authors: Xoshimov S N , Apakhodjaeva T U , Matkaziyev D , Kurbanov K M , Jetpisbayeva Sh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Reservoirs are vital for human development, aiding agriculture, energy, industry, and the economy. This study delves into the pressing issue of muddy flooding in reservoirs. Field experiments aimed to identify sedimentation causes in the Chartak reservoir and assess its volume efficiency. Utilizing mathematical and statistical methods alongside river surveyor tools, sediment processes were analyzed. Findings reveal a loss of 9.08 million.m3 in Chartak Reservoir due to sedimentation, impacting efficiency and water balance. Maximum sedimentation influx from natural flow was 0.6 kg/m3, attributed to leaching. Mathematical analysis indicates one third of the reservoir’s useful volume filled with mud over half a century. These insights shed light on the challenges posed by sedimentation, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to mitigate its adverse effects on reservoir functionality and environmental balance.
Ultrasonic assisted removal of methyl orange and bovine serum albumin from wastewater using modified activated carbons: RSM optimization and reusability
Authors: Khan Imran Ahmad , Khan Asad Ullah , Deen Kashif Mairaj , Asselin Edouard , Sadiq Rehan , Yasir Muhammad , Ahmad Nasir M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The removal of industrial pollutants from water remains a significant challenge in water treatment processes. This study investigated the efficacy of powder-activated carbon (PAC), thermally modified PAC (TPAC), and chemically modified PAC (CPAC) for removing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and methyl orange (MO) from simulated wastewater. After undergoing treatment, the BET surface area of TPAC increased to 823 m2 g−1, while that of CPAC increased to 657 m2 g−1 compared to the initial surface area of pristine PAC, which was 619 m2 g−1. Batch adsorption experiments assisted by ultrasonication were conducted to evaluate the impact of solution pH, initial concentration, and contact time on the adsorption capacities (q
max) of BSA and MO. TPAC demonstrated superior performance, achieving q
max values of 152 mg g−1 for MO and 133 mg g−1 for BSA, compared to PAC, which provided q
max values of 124 mg g−1 and 112 mg g−1, respectively. Furthermore, pH levels of 3 and 5 were identified as highly effective for the removal of MO and BSA from water, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of both MO and BSA followed pseudo2nd-order (R

2
> 0.99) reaction kinetics under both batch and ultrasonic conditions, confirming the removal of contaminants through chemisorption. The adsorption trends also satisfied the Langmuir isothermal model, indicating the formation of a uniform monolayer during the adsorption process of these contaminants. To understand the simultaneous effect of all the variables, response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) was used to predict the adsorption capacities of CPAC. After five adsorption cycles, the removal efficiencies of MO (from 98% to 80%) and BSA (from 55% to 40%) decreased in the CPAC system. The results suggested that CPAC can be effectively utilized to remove MO from wastewater.
Research on the coupling coordination of digital economy and urban green development in the Yangtze River Delta of China
Authors: Liu Yunqin , Jiang Tingyao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Digital economy has become an important engine for promoting green development.The existing literature mainly analyzed the impact of digital economy on green development, but rarely examines the coordinated development relationship between the two. This study contributes to the literature by constructing a research framework for the coupling coordination of digital economy and urban green development, using entropy method, coupling coordination model, and spatial auto-correlation to examine the coordinated development relationship between the two.The results show that:(1) During the research period, the comprehensive level of digital economy and urban green development in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) both showed an upward and consistent trend. The level of digital economy was significantly lower than that of green development, but the gap between the two continued to narrow. (2) The overall coupling coordination level between digital economy and green development in the 41 cities of YRD was relatively low but showing a continuous upward trend. It has undergone a transition from near imbalance to primary coordination, still with a long way to realize high-quality coordination. (3) The coupling coordination level of digital economy and urban green development in different regions of YRD showed spatial differences, the order from high to low was Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui province respectively. (4) The coupling coordination of digital economy and urban green development in the YRD exhibited significant spatial positive correlation and spatial dependence characteristics. The research results can provide a new perspective to promote the positive interaction between green development and digital economy.