bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience of providing cultural safety in mental health to Aboriginal patients: A grounded theory study
Authors: McGough Shirley , Wynaden Dianne , Wright Michael 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe need for mental health clinicians to practice cultural safety is vital in ensuring meaningful care and in moving towards improving the mental health outcomes for Aboriginal people. The concept of cultural safety is particularly relevant to mental health professionals as it seeks to promote cultural integrity and the promotion of social justice, equity and respect. A substantive theory that explained the experience of providing cultural safety in mental health care to Aboriginal patients was developed using grounded theory methodology. Mental health professionals engaged in a social psychological process, called seeking solutions by navigating the labyrinth to overcome the experience of being unprepared. During this process participants moved from a state of being unprepared to one where they began to navigate the pathway of cultural safety. The findings of this research suggest health professionals have a limited understanding of the concept of cultural safety. The experience of providing cultural safety has not been adequately addressed by organizations, health services, governments, educational providers and policy makers. Health services, organizations and government agencies must work with Aboriginal people to progress strategies that inform and empower staff to practice cultural safety.
Cognitive Differences between Men and Women who Fracture their Hip and Impact on Six‐Month Survival
Authors: Gruber‐Baldini Ann L. , Hosseini Mina , Orwig Denise , Grattan Lynn , Chiles Shaffer Nancy , Hochberg Marc , Magaziner Jay 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesThere is limited research in cognition and its relationship to mortality after hip fracture among men compared to women. Therefore, the goals of this study were to: (1) compare men and women who fractured their hip on cognition after hospital discharge, and (2) examine the impact of cognition on the differential risk of 6‐month mortality between men and women post fracture.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingEight hospitals in Baltimore, Maryland.ParticipantsFrequency matched 168 male and 171 female hip fracture patients, ages 65 or older, living in the community before fracture.MeasurementsCognition assed by Modified Mini‐Mental State Examination (3MS, and derived MMSE score), Hooper Visual Organization test (HVOT), and Trail‐making test (Trails A & B) within 22 days of hospital admission, and 6‐month mortality.ResultsMen had more impaired cognitive scores on 3MS, MMSE, HVOT, and Trails A (P < .05) at baseline. These statistically significant differences between men and women remained on MMSE and HVOT after controlling for pre‐fracture dementia, in‐hospital delirium, age, education, race, and comorbidity. Men had higher 6‐month mortality rates (HR = 4.4, P < .001). Cognitive measures were also significantly associated with mortality, including 3MS, HVOT, and Trails B. Among the cognitive measures, higher 3MS was most protective for mortality (HR = 0.98, P < .001), both unadjusted and adjusted for other cognitive scales, comorbidity, delirium, and pre‐existing dementia. The highest mortality was among men with 3MS<78, with 26.3% dying within 6 months. The effects of cognition on mortality did not differ by sex.ConclusionMen display greater levels of cognitive impairment within the first 22 days of hip fracture than women, and cognitive limitations increase the risk of mortality in both men and women.
Advanced digital image analysis method dedicated to the characterization of the morphology of filamentous fungus
Authors: HARDY N. , MOREAUD M. , GUILLAUME D. , AUGIER F. , NIENOW A. , BÉAL C. , BEN CHAABANE F. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryFilamentous fungi have a complex morphology that induces fermentation process development issues, as a consequence of viscosity increase and diffusion limitations. In order to better understand the relationship between viscosity changes and fungus morphology during fermentations of Trichoderma reesei, an accurate image analysis method has been developed to provide quantitative and representative data for morphological analysis. This method consisted of a new algorithm called FACE that allowed sharp images to be created at all positions, segmentation of fungus, and morphological analysis using skeleton and topological approaches. It was applied and validated by characterizing samples of an industrial strain of Trichoderma reesei that had or had not been exposed to an extreme shear stress. This method allowed many morphological characteristics to be identified, among which nine relevant criteria were extracted, regarding the impact of shear stress on the fungus and on the viscosity of the fermentation medium.
A potential role for the secretogranin II‐derived peptide EM66 in the hypothalamic regulation of feeding behaviour
Authors: Trebak F. , Dubuc I. , Arabo A. , Alaoui A. , Boukhzar L. , Maucotel J. , Picot M. , Cherifi S. , Duparc C. , Leprince J. , Prévost G. , Anouar Y. , Magoul R. , Chartrel N. 
Published: February 2017

EM66 is a conserved 66‐amino acid peptide derived from secretogranin II (SgII), a member of the granin protein family. EM66 is widely distributed in secretory granules of endocrine and neuroendocrine cells, as well as in hypothalamic neurones. Although EM66 is abundant in the hypothalamus, its physiological function remains to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate a possible involvement of EM66 in the hypothalamic regulation of feeding behaviour. We show that i.c.v. administration of EM66 induces a drastic dose‐dependent inhibition of food intake in mice deprived of food for 18 hours, which is associated with an increase of hypothalamic pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) and melanocortin‐3 receptor mRNA levels and c‐Fos immunoreactivity in the POMC neurones of the arcuate nucleus. By contrast, i.c.v. injection of EM66 does not alter the hypothalamic expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), or that of its Y1 and Y5 receptors. A 3‐month high‐fat diet (HFD) leads to an important decrease of POMC and SgII mRNA levels in the hypothalamus, whereas NPY gene expression is not affected. Finally, we show that a 48 hours of fasting in HFD mice decreases the expression of POMC and SgII mRNA, which is not observed in mice fed a standard chow. Taken together, the present findings support the view that EM66 is a novel anorexigenic neuropeptide regulating hypothalamic feeding behaviour, at least in part, by activating the POMC neurones of the arcuate nucleus.
Delphi Survey of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery Research Priorities in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Sun Carolyn , Dohrn Jennifer , Oweis Arwa , Huijer Huda Abu‐Saad , Abu‐Moghli Fathieh , Dawani Hania , Ghazi Cheherezade , Larson Elaine 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPurposeAs the shortage of nurses and midwives is expected to worsen in the Eastern Mediterranean region concomitantly with a growing focus on achievement of universal health coverage, nurses and midwives are expected to fill major gaps in health care. Hence, the need for a solid evidence base for nursing practice and a clear direction for clinical nursing research are paramount. Therefore, a Delphi survey was conducted to determine clinical (research focused on patient outcomes) nursing and midwifery priorities for research within this region.DesignA Delphi survey, using iterative rounds of an online survey of regional clinical nursing and midwifery research experts, was conducted between January and April 2016.MethodsConsensus was determined by percentage agreement on level of priority for topics as determined by participants. Additionally, results were compared between countries within the region by income and mortality levels using Kendall's tau.FindingsCritical research topics were focused on public/community/primary care as well as emergency preparedness for disasters, and these priorities are well aligned with gaps in the literature for this region. There were statistically significant differences between priority level and country mortality group for geriatrics, self‐management of disease, and sexually transmitted infections.ConclusionsCritical research priorities should focus on population‐based health topics. Between‐country differences should be analyzed further. A clinical research database for the region may help improve research access for nurses and midwives.Clinical RelevancePracticing nurses and midwives lack extensive evidence (including culturally relevant evidence) on which to practice. Increasing research in areas identified in this survey may improve patient outcomes and quality of care regionally.
Allostatic load: a useful concept for advancing nursing research
Authors: Rosemberg Marie‐Anne S. , Li Yang , Seng Julia 
Published: February 2017

Aims and objectivesTo elucidate the historical development of the allostatic load concept, alongside its use in nursing research, and to explore how allostatic load has been investigated among two stress‐vulnerable populations.Background‘Stress’ is a prominent term in understanding the development of disease. Allostatic load is among several approaches undertaken to quantify the magnitude of stress and understand how stress can affect health.MethodWe explored the advent of allostatic load including its antecedents, and consequences. We used an exemplar case to apply the concept. We reviewed studies that used allostatic load among workers and women of childbearing age.ResultsThere remains a need to consolidate a common definition and operationalisation of allostatic load. Despite this need for further work, allostatic load is a good fit for nursing science which focuses on the client, environment and health. Only 12 studies explored allostatic load among workers (n = 6) and women of childbearing age (n = 6). In some studies, allostatic load was used as a predictor while in others it was used as an outcome. None of the studies considered it as a mediator.ConclusionsThe concept of allostatic load holds promise for nursing researchers to operationalise a holistic view of multiple stressors and to quantify their effects on health. Studies are needed to affirm the role of allostatic load as a potential mediator between multiple stressors and outcomes. Longitudinal studies are also needed to demonstrate a causal pathway from stressor exposure to tertiary outcomes such as chronic conditions and morbidity.Relevance to clinical practiceAllostatic load is a useful concept for nurses working with stress‐vulnerable populations. With the use of an interpretable allostatic load index, nurses will be able to intervene at various stages of the allostasis–adaptation process (stress‐response) and adjust interventions accordingly.
Association of oral microbiome with type 2 diabetes risk
Authors: Long J. , Cai Q. , Steinwandel M. , Hargreaves M. K. , Bordenstein S. R. , Blot W. J. , Zheng W. , Shu X. O. 
Published: February 2017

Background and ObjectiveThe oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence linking the oral microbiome with diabetes is lacking.Material and MethodsWe compared the oral microbiome profiles of 98 participants with incident diabetes, 99 obese non‐diabetics and 97 normal weight non‐diabetics, via deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.ResultsWe found that the phylum Actinobacteria was present significantly less abundant among patients with diabetes than among the controls (p = 3.9 × 10−3); the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.27 (0.11–0.66) for those individuals who had relative abundance higher than the median value. Within this phylum, five families and seven genera were observed, and most of them were less abundant among patients with diabetes. Notably, genera Actinomyces and Atopobium were associated with 66% and 72% decreased risk of diabetes with p‐values of 8.9 × 10−3 and 7.4 × 10−3, respectively. Stratified analyses by race showed that most taxa in this phylum were associated with diabetes in both black and white participants. This phylum was also less abundant among non‐diabetic obese subjects compared to normal weight individuals, particularly genera Mobiluncus, Corynebacterium and Bifidobacterium, which showed p < 0.05.ConclusionOur study revealed that multiple bacteria taxa in the phylum Actinobacteria are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Some are also associated with the prevalence of obesity, suggesting that the oral microbiome may play an important role in diabetes etiology.
Likely Effects of the Increasing Alkalinity of Inland Waters on Aquaculture
Authors: Somridhivej Benjaporn , Boyd Claude E. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is increasing the solubility of limestone, calcium silicate, and feldspars, resulting in greater total alkalinity concentration in inland waters. This phenomenon will result in inland waters having slightly greater alkalinity concentration (and buffering capacity), higher pH when at equilibrium with atmospheric CO2, and more available carbon for photosynthesis. However, the changes in water quality will be small. Fluctuations in CO2 concentration resulting from CO2 use in photosynthesis by aquatic plants and release of CO2 by respiration, acidity resulting from nitrification of ammonia nitrogen from feeding waste and fertilizer, and application of liming materials to ponds will continue to be the dominant factors affecting pH and alkalinity in waters of inland aquaculture systems.
Improving patient selection for selective internal radiation therapy of intra‐hepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A meta‐regression study
Authors: Cucchetti Alessandro , Cappelli Alberta , Mosconi Cristina , Zhong Jian‐Hong , Cescon Matteo , Pinna Antonio D. , Golfieri Rita 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsSelective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is emerging as a potential therapy for unresectable intra‐hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) able to prolong life‐expectancy. Aim of this study was to collect available literature meta‐analyse data and results and investigate sources of heterogeneity through a meta‐regression approach before suggestingSIRTas a valuable option.MethodsA systematic review of studies published until 1 September 2016 in PubMed and Scopus databases was performed. Patient survival was the primary outcome measure. Meta‐analysis was performed using a random‐effects model. Meta‐regression was applied to investigate relationships existing between clinical and tumour features and the primary outcome.ResultsNine observational studies were included in the analysis involving 224 patients. The 1‐, 2‐ and 3‐year pooled survival estimates were 55.7%, 33.1% and 20.2%. Clinical and tumour characteristics showed medium‐to‐considerable heterogeneity (I2>50%). Meta‐regression analysis showed that determinants of best survivals were the presence of mass‐formingiCCAtype (median survival=19.9 months vs 8.1 months for the infiltrative type;P=.002) that also accounted for most of the heterogeneity between included studies (residualI2=0);SIRTas first‐line therapy (median survival=24 months vs 11.5 months for non‐naïve patients;P=.048) and the adoption of concomitant chemotherapy (median survival 19.5 months vs 5.5 months in patients not receiving chemotherapy;P=.042).ConclusionsThere is considerable heterogeneity between studies highlighting that indications forSIRTare extremely varied. To ameliorateSIRTresults naïve patients with mass‐formingiCCAshould be selected as the best candidates with the possibility of adding concomitant standard chemotherapy.
Transient von Willebrand factor‐mediated platelet influx stimulates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice
Authors: Kirschbaum Marc , Jenne Craig N. , Veldhuis Zwanida J. , Sjollema Klaas A. , Lenting Peter J. , Giepmans Ben N. G. , Porte Robert J. , Kubes Paul , Denis Cécile V. , Lisman Ton 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsIn addition to their function in thrombosis and haemostasis, platelets play an important role in the stimulation of liver regeneration. It has been suggested that platelets deliver mitogenic cargo to the regenerating liver, and accumulation of platelets in the regenerating liver has been demonstrated. We studied kinetics of platelet influx in the regenerating liver and investigated the signal that initiates platelet influx.MethodsWe visualized platelets in the liver remnant after partial hepatectomy in mice using intravital microscopy and assessed liver regeneration by examination of liver/body weight ratio and the number of proliferating hepatocytes examined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsWe demonstrated rapid but transient platelet influx into the liver remnant after a partial liver resection. Liver regeneration in thrombocytopenic mice was substantially impaired as evidenced by a reduced liver‐to‐body weight ratio and decreased numbers of proliferating hepatocytes at day 3 compared to mice with normal platelet counts. In contrast, liver regeneration was only mildly impaired when thrombocytopaenia was induced 2 hours after partial liver resection. Platelet influx into the liver remnant was virtually absent in the presence of an antibody to von Willebrand factor (VWF) suggesting that VWF release from liver sinusoidal endothelial cells mediates platelet influx. Additionally, liver regeneration in mice deficient in VWF was markedly impaired.ConclusionsA rapid but transient VWF‐dependent platelet influx into the liver remnant drives platelet‐mediated liver regeneration.
Increased survivability of ischemic skin flap tissue in Flk‐1+/− mice by Pellino‐1 intervention
Authors: Rednam Chandra K. , Wilson Rickesha L. , Selvaraju Vaithinathan , Rishi Muhammad T. , Thirunavukkarasu Mahesh , Coca‐Soliz Vladimir , Lakshmanan Rajesh , Palesty John A. , McFadden David W. , Maulik Nilanjana 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveReduced skin flap survival due to ischemia is a serious concern during reconstructive cosmetic surgery. The absence of VEGF and its receptors during ischemia may lead to flap failure. We identified Peli1, a 46‐kDa protein, as a proangiogenic molecule and is directly regulated by VEGF. Therefore, we hypothesized that Peli1 acts downstream of Flk‐1/VEGFR2 and aids in skin flap survival during ischemia.MethodsScratch and matrigel assays were performed to observe cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation in vitro. Western blot analysis was carried out to detect the phosphorylation of Akt (p‐Akt) and MAPKAPK2 (p‐MK2) in HUVECs. The translational potential of Peli1 pretreatment in the rescue of skin flap tissue was studied in vivo using Flk‐1+/− mice. Animals underwent dorsal ischemic skin flap surgery, and the tissue was collected on day 12 for analysis.ResultsWestern blot analysis revealed a direct relationship between Peli1 and VEGF, as demonstrated by loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function studies. In addition, pretreatment with Ad.Peli1 restored the phosphorylation of Akt and MK2 and improved the migration potential of Flk‐1‐knockdown cells. Ad.Peli1 pretreatment salvaged the ischemic skin flap of Flk‐1+/− mice by increasing blood perfusion and reducing the inflammatory response and the extent of necrosis.ConclusionOur findings reveal that Peli1 is a proangiogenic molecule that acts downstream of VEGF‐Flk‐1 and restores angiogenesis and enhances skin flap survivability.
Comparative proteomic analysis of Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri periplasmic proteins reveals changes in cellular envelope metabolism during in vitro pathogenicity induction
Authors: Artier Juliana , da Silva Zandonadi Flávia , de Souza Carvalho Flávia Maria , Pauletti Bianca Alves , Leme Adriana Franco Paes , Carnielli Carolina Moretto , Selistre‐de‐Araujo Heloisa Sobreiro , Bertolini Maria Célia , Ferro Jesus Aparecido , Belasque Júnior José , de Oliveira Julio Cezar Franco , Novo‐Mansur Maria Teresa Marques 
Published: February 2017

SummaryCitrus canker is a plant disease caused by Gram‐negative bacteria from the genus Xanthomonas. The most virulent species is Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri (XAC), which attacks a wide range of citrus hosts. Differential proteomic analysis of the periplasm‐enriched fraction was performed for XAC cells grown in pathogenicity‐inducing (XAM‐M) and pathogenicity‐non‐inducing (nutrient broth) media using two‐dimensional electrophoresis combined with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Amongst the 40 proteins identified, transglycosylase was detected in a highly abundant spot in XAC cells grown under inducing condition. Additional up‐regulated proteins related to cellular envelope metabolism included glucose‐1‐phosphate thymidylyltransferase, dTDP‐4‐dehydrorhamnose‐3,5‐epimerase and peptidyl‐prolyl cis–trans‐isomerase. Phosphoglucomutase and superoxide dismutase proteins, known to be involved in pathogenicity in other Xanthomonas species or organisms, were also detected. Western blot and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analyses for transglycosylase and superoxide dismutase confirmed that these proteins were up‐regulated under inducing condition, consistent with the proteomic results. Multiple spots for the 60‐kDa chaperonin and glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase were identified, suggesting the presence of post‐translational modifications. We propose that substantial alterations in cellular envelope metabolism occur during the XAC infectious process, which are related to several aspects, from defence against reactive oxygen species to exopolysaccharide synthesis. Our results provide new candidates for virulence‐related proteins, whose abundance correlates with the induction of pathogenicity and virulence genes, such as hrpD6, hrpG, hrpB7, hpa1 and hrpX. The results present new potential targets against XAC to be investigated in further functional studies.
Mitochondrial DNA analysis of Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. from the western Iberian peninsula
Authors: ALMEIDA C. , SIMÕES R. , COIMBRA‐DORES M. J. , ROSA F. , DIAS D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRhipicephalus sanguineus Latreille (1806) (Ixodida: Ixodidae) is considered to be the most widely distributed tick and to have a vast range of habitats and hosts, including livestock, pets and wildlife. In addition to morphological differences, recent investigations using approaches based on molecular genetic markers have revealed the existence of different R. sanguineus lineages in different geographic regions. In this study, 475 ticks collected from dogs in the western Iberian peninsula were studied both morphologically and genetically, using 12S and 16S rDNA and COI gene markers in order to clarify the controversy over the systematic status of R. sanguineus sensu lato in Western Europe, and to compare the present data with those sourced from studies conducted in other regions of the world. Despite the high morphometric variability, particularly on spiracles in both genders and in female genitalia, data obtained with different genetic molecular markers show very low variability, suggesting the existence of a unique species. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis showed genetic uniformity, supporting the existence of a well‐defined clade consisting of R. sanguineus s.l. specimens from Western Europe that are distinct from R. sanguineus s.l. from Africa. Furthermore, these data corroborate the existence of a polymorphic species in Western Europe, which requires to be consensually redescribed in view of its medical and veterinary importance in pathogen transmission.