bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissociation and Ionization of Quasi-Periodically Vibrating H2+ in Intense Few-Cycle Mid-Infrared Laser Fields
Authors: Jiang Shicheng , Yu Chao , Yuan Guanglu , Wu Tong , Lu Ruifeng 
Published: February 2017

AbstractUsing quantum mechanics calculations, we theoretically study the dissociation and ionization dynamics of the hydrogen-molecule ion in strong laser fields. Having prepared the nuclear wave packet of H2+ in a specific vibrational state, a pump laser is used to produce a vibrational excitation, leading to quasi-periodical vibration without ionization. Then, a time-delayed few-cycle laser is applied to trigger the dissociation or ionization of H2+. Both the time delay and the intensity of the probe laser alter the competition between dissociation and ionization. We also explore the dependence of kinetic-energy release spectra of fragments on the time delay, showing that the channels of above-threshold dissociation and below-threshold dissociation are opened and closed periodically. Also, dissociation from different channels is influenced by nuclear motion. The dissociation mechanism has been described in detail using the Floquet picture. This work provides a useful method for steering the electronic and nuclear dynamics of diatomic molecules in intense laser fields.
Combined analysis of mRNA and miRNA identifies dehydration and salinity responsive key molecular players in citrus roots
Authors: Xie Rangjin , Zhang Jin , Ma Yanyan , Pan Xiaoting , Dong Cuicui , Pang Shaoping , He Shaolan , Deng Lie , Yi Shilai , Zheng Yongqiang , Lv Qiang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCitrus is one of the most economically important fruit crops around world. Drought and salinity stresses adversely affected its productivity and fruit quality. However, the genetic regulatory networks and signaling pathways involved in drought and salinity remain to be elucidated. With RNA-seq and sRNA-seq, an integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiling and their regulatory networks were conducted using citrus roots subjected to dehydration and salt treatment. Differentially expressed (DE) mRNA and miRNA profiles were obtained according to fold change analysis and the relationships between miRNAs and target mRNAs were found to be coherent and incoherent in the regulatory networks. GO enrichment analysis revealed that some crucial biological processes related to signal transduction (e.g. ‘MAPK cascade’), hormone-mediated signaling pathways (e.g. abscisic acid- activated signaling pathway’), reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic process (e.g. ‘hydrogen peroxide catabolic process’) and transcription factors (e.g., ‘MYB, ZFP and bZIP’) were involved in dehydration and/or salt treatment. The molecular players in response to dehydration and salt treatment were partially overlapping. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis further confirmed the results from RNA-seq and sRNA-seq analysis. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms how citrus roots respond to dehydration and salt treatment.
Microbial Typing by Machine Learned DNA Melt Signatures
Authors: Andini Nadya , Wang Bo , Athamanolap Pornpat , Hardick Justin , Masek Billie J. , Thair Simone , Hu Anne , Avornu Gideon , Peterson Stephen , Cogill Steven , Rothman Richard E. , Carroll Karen C. , Gaydos Charlotte A. , Wang Jeff Tza-Huei , Batzoglou Serafim , Yang Samuel 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThere is still an ongoing demand for a simple broad-spectrum molecular diagnostic assay for pathogenic bacteria. For this purpose, we developed a single-plex High Resolution Melt (HRM) assay that generates complex melt curves for bacterial identification. Using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as the phylogenetic marker for HRM, we observed complex melt curve signatures as compared to 16S rDNA amplicons with enhanced interspecies discrimination. We also developed a novel Naïve Bayes curve classification algorithm with statistical interpretation and achieved 95% accuracy in differentiating 89 bacterial species in our library using leave-one-out cross-validation. Pilot clinical validation of our method correctly identified the etiologic organisms at the species-level in 59 culture-positive mono-bacterial blood culture samples with 90% accuracy. Our findings suggest that broad bacterial sequences may be simply, reliably and automatically profiled by ITS HRM assay for clinical adoption.
Light-sheet fluorescence imaging to localize cardiac lineage and protein distribution
Authors: Ding Yichen , Lee Juhyun , Ma Jianguo , Sung Kevin , Yokota Tomohiro , Singh Neha , Dooraghi Mojdeh , Abiri Parinaz , Wang Yibin , Kulkarni Rajan P. , Nakano Atsushi , Nguyen Thao P. , Fei Peng , Hsiai Tzung K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLight-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) serves to advance developmental research and regenerative medicine. Coupled with the paralleled advances in fluorescence-friendly tissue clearing technique, our cardiac LSFM enables dual-sided illumination to rapidly uncover the architecture of murine hearts over 10 by 10 by 10 mm3 in volume; thereby allowing for localizing progenitor differentiation to the cardiomyocyte lineage and AAV9-mediated expression of exogenous transmembrane potassium channels with high contrast and resolution. Without the steps of stitching image columns, pivoting the light-sheet and sectioning the heart mechanically, we establish a holistic strategy for 3-dimentional reconstruction of the “digital murine heart” to assess aberrant cardiac structures as well as the spatial distribution of the cardiac lineages in neonates and ion-channels in adults.
Novel flow cytometry approach to identify bronchial epithelial cells from healthy human airways
Authors: Maestre-Batlle Danay , Pena Olga M. , Hirota Jeremy A. , Gunawan Evelyn , Rider Christopher F. , Sutherland Darren , Alexis Neil E. , Carlsten Chris 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSampling various compartments within the lower airways to examine human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) is essential for understanding numerous lung diseases. Conventional methods to identify HBEC in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and wash (BW) have throughput limitations in terms of efficiency and ensuring adequate cell numbers for quantification. Flow cytometry can provide high-throughput quantification of cell number and function in BAL and BW samples, while requiring low cell numbers. To date, a flow cytometric method to identify HBEC recovered from lower human airway samples is unavailable. In this study we present a flow cytometric method identifying HBEC as CD45 negative, EpCAM/pan-cytokeratin (pan-CK) double-positive population after excluding debris, doublets and dead cells from the analysis. For validation, the HBEC panel was applied to primary HBEC resulting in 98.6% of live cells. In healthy volunteers, HBEC recovered from BAL (2.3% of live cells), BW (32.5%) and bronchial brushing samples (88.9%) correlated significantly (p = 0.0001) with the manual microscopy counts with an overall Pearson correlation of 0.96 across the three sample types. We therefore have developed, validated, and applied a flow cytometric method that will be useful to interrogate the role of the respiratory epithelium in multiple lung diseases.
β1- and β2-adrenergic stimulation-induced electrogenic transport by human endolymphatic sac epithelium and its clinical implications
Authors: Kim Bo Gyung , Kim Jin Young , Jung JinSei , Moon In Seok , Yoon Joo-Heon , Choi Jae Young , Kim Sung Huhn 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe endolymphatic sac (ES) is a cystic structure of the inner ear connected to the cochlea and vestibule, which plays a role in regulating ion homeostasis in inner ear fluid. Disruption of ion homeostasis can cause inner ear disorders with hearing loss and dizziness, such as Meniere’s disease. Herein, we found, for the first time, functional evidence for the involvement of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in apical electrogenic ion transport by human ES epithelium by using electrophysiological/pharmacological and molecular biological methods, which were dependent on K+ and Cl− ion transport. The apical electrogenic transport was absent or very weak in ES epithelia of patients with Meniere’s disease. These results suggested that adrenergic stimulation via β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in the human ES was involved in regulation of inner ear fluid ion homeostasis and impairment of this response could be a pathological mechanism of Meniere’s disease.
Relationship between auxiliary gamma subunits and mallotoxin on BK channel modulation
Authors: Guan Xin , Li Qin , Yan Jiusheng 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe large-conductance, calcium- and voltage-activated K+(BK) channel consists of the pore-forming α subunits (BKα) and auxiliary subunits. The auxiliary γ1-3 subunits potently modulate the BK channel by shifting its voltage-dependence of channel activation toward the hyperpolarizing direction by approximately 145 mV (γ1), 100 mV (γ2), and 50 mV (γ3). Mallotoxin is a potent small-molecule BK channel activator. We analyzed the relationship between mallotoxin and the γ subunits in their BK channel-activating effects in membrane patches excised from HEK-293 cells. We found that mallotoxin, when applied extracellularly, shifted the half-activation voltage (V1/2) of BKα channels by −72 mV. The channel-activating effect of mallotoxin was greatly attenuated in the presence of the γ1, γ2, or γ3 subunit, with resultant ΔV1/2 (+/− mallotoxin) values of −9, −28, or −15 mV, respectively. Most examined γ1 mutant subunits antagonized mallotoxin’s channel-activating effect in a manner that was largely dependent on its own modulatory function. However, mallotoxin caused an irreversible functional and structural disengagement of the γ1-F273S mutant from BK channels. We infer that the auxiliary γ subunit effectively interferes with mallotoxin on BK channel modulation via either a direct steric competition or an indirect allosteric influence on mallotoxin’s binding and action on BKα.
Prognostic Scores for Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Morillo Raquel , Moores Lisa , Jiménez David 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRapid and accurate risk stratification is critical in determining the optimal treatment strategy for patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Early identification of patients with normal blood pressure and a favorable prognosis (low-risk PE) might select a subset of patients for outpatient treatment, which is associated with reduced cost and improved patient satisfaction, and has been shown to be effective and safe. Alternatively, identification of normotensive patients deemed as having a high risk for PE-related adverse clinical events (intermediate-high-risk PE) might select a subset of patients for close observation and consideration of escalation of therapy. Clinical prognostic scores have been gaining importance in the classification of patients into these categories. They should be derived and validated following strict methodological standards, and their use in clinical practice should be encouraged.
Scoring Systems for Estimating Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Surgical Patients
Authors: Jacobs Benjamin , Pannucci Christopher 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most common and feared complications in surgical patients, and its prevention has been the subject of a Call to Action from the Surgeon General of the United States. Here, we review the literature on the use of risk assessment models for the stratification of surgical patients into risk groups to guide the administration of pharmacoprophylaxis. Despite some disagreement in the literature and among various guidelines, there is good evidence that risk stratification identifies a 7- to 20-fold variation in postoperative VTE risk among the overall surgical population, including patients at both low and high risk. This information is useful to providers who are making decisions about mechanical prophylaxis and pharmacoprophylaxis.
Mechanisms of Cellular Activation in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Müller-Calleja Nadine , Lackner Karl 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIt is long known that antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) induce proinflammatory and procoagulant cellular responses. The underlying signal transduction has been a major focus of research and is the topic of this review. An amazingly heterogeneous panel of signaling pathways has been described and it turns out that at least some of this heterogeneity can be explained by effects of distinct aPL species. On the one hand, there are antibodies against β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) which appear to exert their cellular effects only as a complex of β2GPI/anti-β2GPI. Their major targets are low-density lipoprotein-receptor related protein 8 (LRP8), annexin A2 (ANXA2), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and possibly TLR2. The other relevant aPL species are antibodies against cardiolipin which are internalized into endosomes and induce cellular responses via activation of endosomal NADPH-oxidase. Their cell surface target is still unknown. Another important issue relates to the role of complement. It has been shown in vivo that certain pathogenic effects of aPL depend on complement activation, but the exact interplay with the signaling pathways described earlier needs to be elucidated. Thus, while there has been tremendous progress over the past decade, many open questions remain to be answered.
Scoring Systems for Estimating Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Medical Patients
Authors: Prandoni Paolo , Barbar Sofia 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDeep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, accounting for up to 10% of hospitalization-related deaths in both surgical and medical patients. Pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis has been demonstrated to be effective, safe, and cost-effective in preventing hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism (VTE) among medical inpatients, and clinician awareness of thrombotic risk promotes prescription of thromboprophylaxis. Guidelines recommend stratification of thrombotic risk for all patients and, unless contraindicated, administration of VTE prophylaxis. Based on several recognized predisposing and exposing risk factors for VTE, several scoring systems have been published in the past 15 years. Borrowing models developed in the surgical setting, recognized risk factors for VTE complications in medical inpatients have been combined in different weighted scores and derived and validated in heterogeneous medical populations. Although the perfect score, balancing thrombotic and hemorrhagic risk, has probably not yet been built, the adoption of an easy-to-use risk assessment model has the potential to support physicians in properly stratifying VTE risk in medical inpatients, tailoring thromboprophylaxis prescription.
Impact of Rare Bleeding Disorders during Pregnancy on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: Review of 29 Pregnancies at a Single Center
Authors: Orgul Gokcen , Aktoz Fatih , Beksac M. Sinan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Objective This study aims to give information about the relationship between different types of factor deficiencies and maternal/obstetric outcomes.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of eight women with factor deficiency disorders. The demographic and clinical features of the patients after their last pregnancies were registered retrospectively.
Results There were 29 pregnancies among the 8 patients. The spontaneous abortion rate was relatively high in two patients with factor XIII deficiency (80% and 57.1%) compared with the other factor deficiency groups. There were 16 births, which included 1 set of twins, and 2 deaths (1 stillbirth and 1 postpartum exitus occurred in the same patient). Intrauterine growth restriction was noted in five cases; four of these occurred in factor X deficiency cases. The mean decrease in hemoglobin level of all patients after birth was 1.7 g/dL (range, 0.2–3.6 g/dL). Red blood cell transfusion was required only in one case of factor XIII deficiency.
Conclusions There is currently no consensus on the pregnancy management of women with factor deficiencies because of the limited knowledge due to the rarity of such disorders. Labor should be managed in a dedicated unit with a team consisting of an obstetrician, a hematologist, an anesthesiologist, a midwife, and a pediatrician to minimalize the complications.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Neonates with Congenital Renal and Urological Anomalies and Pulmonary Hypoplasia: A Case Report and Review of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry
Authors: Torres Natalie , Walker L. , Waddell Jaylyn , Bhutta Adnan , Custer Jason , Bagdure Dayanand 
Published: February 2017

Objective Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract constitute up to 30% of anomalies identified in the neonatal period. In utero oligohydramnios is often associated with pulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory failure in the neonate who may not be responsive to mechanical ventilation. Placement of these neonates on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains controversial and is considered in most centers to be a relative contraindication. The objective of this study is to use the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) database to describe the outcomes and complications of patients with congenital renal and urogenital anomalies with pulmonary hypoplasia who underwent ECMO in the neonatal period.
Data Sources Data from the ELSO registry were retrospectively reviewed for all patients with congenital renal and urogenital anomalies with pulmonary hypoplasia treated with ECMO support between 1990 and November 2014 using ICD-9 diagnosis codes.
Data Synthesis We identified 45 patients. The average age of the patient at the time of ECMO was 1.7 days (range: 0–14 days) and weight was 3.1 kg (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.5–3.3). Patients spent an average of 162 hours on ECMO (IQR: 81–207). The majority of patients were managed with venoarterial ECMO (60%), and the overall survival of this cohort was 42%. Survivors had higher weights (3.4 vs. 2.8 kg; p < 0.019) and were more likely to be male (90 vs. 44%; p < 0.002). Patients with obstructive urogenital lesions had an overall survival of 71 versus 16.6% in patients with a primary intrinsic renal diagnosis (p = 0.004). Renal replacement therapy was required in 51% of the patients during their ECMO support.
Conclusion Neonates with renal or urogenital disease and pulmonary hypoplasia have an overall survival rate of 42%. Patients with a diagnosis of urogenital obstruction have much more favorable outcomes when compared with those with intrinsic renal disease such as polycystic kidney disease.
Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Improves Cardiac Indices in Acromegaly Patients
Authors: Thomas Julia , Dattani Abhishek , Zemrak Filip , Burchell Thomas , Akker Scott , Kaplan Felicity , Khoo Bernard , Aylwin Simon , Grossman Ashley , Davies L. , Korbonits Márta 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBlockade of the angiotensin-renin system, with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), has been shown to improve cardiac outcomes following myocardial infarction and delay progression of heart failure. Acromegaly is associated with a disease-specific cardiomyopathy, the pathogenesis of which is poorly understood.The cardiac indices of patients with active acromegaly with no hypertension (Group A, n=4), established hypertension not taking ACEi/ARBs (Group B, n=4) and established hypertension taking ACEi/ARBs (Group C, n=4) were compared using cardiac magnetic imaging.Patients taking ACEi/ARBs had lower end diastolic volume index (EDVi) and end systolic volume index (ESVi) than the other 2 groups ([C] 73.24 vs. [A] 97.92 vs. [B] 101.03 ml/m2, ANOVA p=0.034, B vs. C p<0.01). Groups A and B had EDVi and ESVi values at the top of published reference range values; Group C had values in the middle of the range.Acromegaly patients on ACEi/ARBs for hypertension demonstrate improved cardiac indices compared to acromegaly patients with hypertension not taking these medications. Further studies are needed to determine if these drugs have a beneficial cardiac effect in acromegaly in the absence of demonstrable hypertension.
Serology in Finfish for Diagnosis, Surveillance, and Research: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jaramillo Diana , Peeler Edmund J. , Laurin Emilie , Gardner Ian A. , Whittington Richard J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Historically, serological tests for finfish diseases have been underused when compared with their use in terrestrial animal health. For years the nonspecific immune response in fish was judged to make serology unreliable and inferior to the direct measurement of agent analytes. We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed publications that reported on the development, validation, or application of serological tests for finfish diseases. A total of 168 articles met the screening criteria; most of them were focused on salmonid pathogens (e.g., Aeromonas spp. and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus). Before the 1980s, most publications reported the use of agglutination tests, but our review indicates that enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has more recently become the dominant serological test. The main application of serological tests has been in the assessment of vaccine efficacy, with few applications for surveillance or demonstration of freedom from disease, despite the advantages of serological tests over direct detection at the population level. Nonlethal sampling, low cost, and postinfection persistence of antibodies make serological assays the test of choice in surveillance, especially of valuable broodstock. However, their adoption has been constrained by poor characterization and validation. The number of publications in our review reporting diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of serological tests in finfish was small (n = 7). Foreseeing a wider use of serological tests in the future for diagnostic end purposes, we offer recommendations for mitigating deficiencies in the development and evaluation of serological tests, including optimization, control of nonspecific reactions, informed cutoff points, diagnostic accuracy, and serological baseline studies. Achieving these goals will facilitate greater international recognition of serological testing in programs supporting aquatic animal health.
Received March 21, 2016; accepted September 24, 2016 Published online February 6, 2017