bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insect Wing Classification of Mosquitoes and Bees Using CO1 Image Recognition
Authors: Vyas-Patel Nayna , Ravela Sai , Mafra-Neto Agenor , Mumford John D 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe certainty that a species is accurately identified is the cornerstone of appearance based classification; however the methods used in classical taxonomy have yet to fully catch up with the digital age. Recognising this, the CO1 algorithm presented on the StripeSpotter platform was used to identify different species and sexes of mosquito wings (Diptera: Culicidae) and honey bee and bumblebee wings (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Images of different species of mosquito and bee wings were uploaded onto the CO1 database and test wing images were analysed to determine if this resulted in the correct species being identified. Out of a database containing 925 mosquito and bee wing images, the CO1 algorithm correctly identified species and sexes of test wing image presented, with a high degree of accuracy (80% to 100% depending on the species and database used, excluding sibling species) highlighting the usefulness of CO1 in identifying medically important as well as beneficial insect species. Using a larger database of wing images resulted in significantly higher numbers of test images being correctly identified than using a smaller database. The hind wings of Hymenoptera provided higher levels of correctly identified results than using the fore wings. The software should be used in conjunction with other identifying criteria (salient morphological features) in addition to the wings. CO1 is a powerful algorithm to use in identifying insect wings in its current form and has great potential if it is adapted and tailored for insect species identification. It is suggested that a primary aim in the digital age should be the production of a ‘World Wide Database’ of insect images, where all known insect images can be made available to everyone, with image recognition and species knowledge at its core.
Who's Afraid of Postcolonial Theory?
Authors: Roy Ananya 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRecent assertions of urban theory have dismissed the value of postcolonial critique in urban studies. This essay draws on postcolonial theory to demonstrate key flaws in such theoretical formulations. In doing so, it returns to the puzzle of how and why studying urbanism in the global South might matter for the reconceptualization of critical urban theory. Instead of a universal grammar of cityness, modified by (exotic) empirical variation, the essay foregrounds forms of theorization that are attentive to historical difference as a fundamental constituent of global urbanization. What is at stake, the essay concludes, is a culture of theory, one that in its Eurocentrism tends to foreclose multiple concepts of the urban and alternative understandings of political economy. A concern with the relationship between place, knowledge and power—a key insight of postcolonial critique—might make possible new practices of theory in urban studies.
It's Just the City after All!
Authors: Simone Abdoumaliq 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLong a site for incessant worry, revision or redemption, it is unclear what the ‘city' is today. Yet, in face of the near‐apocalyptic readjustments potentiated by human‐engineered global warming, there is an exigency about getting cities to function right. It is no wonder, then, that contemporary theories of cities and urbanization attempt to restore some common sense, to get to the heart of critical matters in a world where urbanization disrupts once‐normative assumptions about the nature of territory, scale and politics. But what is the nature of that ‘common sense'? How does one engage the very concrete efforts that constructed the city, with all the layers of physical and cultural memory that new regimes usually attempt to cover up, and all that the city does not show, either because its inhabitants are prohibited from paying attention or because whatever is considered normative or spectacular in city life has to get rid of the messy labor and politics that brought it about? Invoking blackness as an analytical method, these questions are addressed through thinking about how long histories of urban practices deployed by black residents of cities across the world might challenge and reinvent the sense of an urban commons.‘Living just enough, just enough for the city…'Stevie Wonder (1973)
Impulsivity and Alcohol Dependence Treatment Completion: Is There a Neurocognitive Risk Factor at Treatment Entry?
Authors: Rupp Claudia I. , Beck J. Katharina , Heinz Andreas , Kemmler Georg , Manz Sarah , Tempel Katharina , Fleischhacker W. Wolfgang 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundAlthough there is considerable support for the relationship between impulsivity and alcohol dependence, little is known about the impact of neurocognitive aspects of impulsivity on treatment outcome. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the impact of neurocognitive impulsivity at treatment onset on treatment completion.MethodsForty‐three alcohol‐dependent patients entering inpatient treatment for alcohol dependence completed neurocognitive measures of impulsivity at the beginning of treatment. Assessments included prototypical measures of impulsive action (Go/No‐go task [GNG] and Stop Signal Task [SST]) and impulsive choice (Delay Discounting Test [DDT], and Iowa Gambling Task). According to treatment outcomes, patients were divided into a patient group with regular treatment completion (e.g., with planned discharges, and without relapse during treatment) or irregular treatment course (e.g., premature and unplanned termination of treatment, “dropout,” and/or relapse).ResultsResults show that, relative to patients completing treatment in a regular fashion (regular treatment completers [RTC]; 67%), those with an irregular course of treatment (relapse and/or dropout) (irregular treatment completers [ITC]; 33%) had significantly poorer GNG response inhibition performance (p = 0.011), and showed a trend toward greater delay discounting (DDT; p = 0.052) at treatment onset. Additional logistic regression analyses identified poor GNG response inhibition performance as a significant predictor for an irregular treatment course (GNG: p = 0.021; DDT: p = 0.067), particularly for relapse (GNG: p = 0.023).ConclusionsNeurocognitive impulsivity impacts upon treatment completion and appears sensitive for the prediction of relapse and dropout in alcohol‐dependent patients. Poorer GNG response inhibition and a tendency toward steeper discounting of delayed rewards should be regarded as neurocognitive risk factors, which can be identified early in the course of alcohol dependence treatment.
Face to face, person to person: Skills and attributes deployed by rural mental health clinicians when engaging with consumers
Authors: Procter Nicholas , Ferguson Monika , Backhouse Julia , Cother Ingrid , Jackson Adrian , Murison Julie , Reilly Julie‐Anne 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify the skills and attributes deployed by rural mental health clinicians when engaging with consumers in the community mental health context.DesignReflecting the exploratory nature of this research, a semi‐structured focus group was conducted.SettingOne community mental health service in regional South Australia (catchment area = approximately 60 000 people).ParticipantsNine mental health clinicians.InterventionsNot applicable.Main outcome measuresParticipants’ focus group comments were explored qualitatively using thematic analysis.ResultsThree major themes were identified: (i) limitations to providing mental health care in the rural environment (increased consumer vulnerability, limited services, increased risk, and stigma); (ii) universal engagement approaches (being consumer‐focused, appropriate communication, facilitating a connection and normalising the experience); (iii) indicated and targeted strategies for engagement (flexible and creative delivery of care, a whole of community approach, being multiskilled and technology use).ConclusionsAlthough engaging with consumers involves many skills and attributes employed universally across mental health settings, the rural clinician's ability to navigate the environment and utilise this to provide consumer care is equally important to the engagement process. Specifically, these findings highlight the preference of rural mental health clinicians towards a person‐centred approach, networking with others in the community when providing care. Understanding how best to maximise the nature of a rural environment, such as facilitating relationships between clinicians and others in the community, will contribute to optimised care.
Work and personal well‐being of nurses in Queensland: Does rurality make a difference?
Authors: Hegney Desley , Eley Robert , Osseiran‐Moisson Rebecca , Francis Karen 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to ascertain if differences exist in the perception of the professional practice environment and personal well‐being of nurses across different geographical areas in Queensland.DesignThis paper was performed on a prospective, self‐report cross‐sectional on‐line survey.SettingThe study was conducted among the nurses employed in public and private health care settings: acute hospitals, community health and aged care in Queensland, Australia.ParticipantsParticipants of this study were 1608 registered and enrolled nurses and assistants in nursing, current members of the Queensland Nurses Union in 2013 and who provided a workplace postcode. One thousand eight of these participants worked in major cities, while 382 in rural locations and 238 in remote areas.InterventionsNone.Main outcome measuresScores of well‐being as determined by the following scales: the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, the Professional Quality of Life Scale version 5, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and of the Professional Practice Environment using the Practice Environment Scale – Nursing Work Index Revised.ResultsNurses employed in major cities perceived ‘nursing foundations for quality care’ more favourably than those from other settings. Remote area nurses had lower levels of secondary traumatic stress than nurses in major cities and rural areas. There was no difference between nurses across their geographical locations for stress, anxiety, depression, compassion satisfaction, burnout, resilience and the four other measures of the Practice Environment Scale.ConclusionsThe study findings provide new data suggesting that, with the exception of secondary traumatic stress, the personal well‐being of nurses does not differ across geographical settings. Similarly, with the exception of the subscale of ‘nursing foundations for quality care’ there was no difference in perceptions of the professional practice environment. As secondary traumatic stress is associated with burnout, this finding needs to be investigated further.
Birthing in rural South Australia: The changing landscape over 20 years
Authors: Sweet Linda P. , Boon Virginia A. , Brinkworth Vanessa , Sutton Sarah , Werner Allison F. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo map trends in the maternity service availability for rural women in South Australia and identify the frequency of women birthing outside of their region of residence.DesignA retrospective review of birth location for rural South Australian women from 1991 to 2010.SettingRural maternity units in South Australia.ParticipantsBirthing statistics from the Pregnancy Outcomes Statistics Unit in South AustraliaMain outcome measuresRural birth statistics, including place of birth in relation to place of residence and location of maternity units.ResultsOver 60% of maternity units across rural South Australia have closed since 1991. There has been a rise in the percentage of women birthing away from their usual region of residence, rising from 18% in 1991–1995 to 24% in 2006–2010.ConclusionsThis study has revealed that almost one quarter of all women residing in rural South Australia relocate to another area to give birth. This is a significant concern for rural women and their families through the expectation of separation, and for the local health services who might now not have the facilities and skills to manage an unplanned maternity presentation. These concerns need to be considered and addressed in order to provide safe and effective care for child‐bearing women regardless of location.
Chronic kidney disease in an Aboriginal population: A nurse practitioner‐led approach to management
Authors: Barrett Elizabeth , Salem Lesley , Wilson Sue , O'Neill Claire , Davis Kathleen , Bagnulo Sharif 
Published: December 2015

AbstractProblemChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health problem impacting Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population. After age adjustment, the prevalence of kidney disease is 3.7 times higher in Aboriginal people and 7.3 times higher for end‐stage kidney disease compared with the wider population. Yet at an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service (ACCHS) with a significant patient population, fewer than expected numbers of Aboriginal patients were identified with CKD.DesignThe ACCHS engaged a nurse practitioner to lead a systematic approach to the identification and treatment of CKD. Setting: This nurse practitioner‐led approach to CKD was developed and implemented at a rural NSW ACCHS, with the support of a partnership formed between the nurse practitioner, the ACCHS, a nephrologist from a referral hospital and a statewide NGO.Key measures for improvementThe primary measure for improvement has been to identify and stage patients with CKD and establish management plans as appropriate.Strategies for changeThis nurse‐led project was established to: (i) identify patients with CKD; (ii) provide access for CKD patients to appropriate services; (iii) commence pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies that enable remission or regression of CKD; and (iv) educate practice GPs and other staff members on CKD clinical guidelines and best practice.Effects of changeThe CKD project has improved access to essential health care for vulnerable and at‐risk populations, with 187 patients to date having been identified with kidney disease and staged for its severity.Lessons learntThe need for strong multi‐disciplinary teamwork has been demonstrated with good communication strategies implemented.
Tele‐Derm National: A decade of teledermatology in rural and remote Australia
Authors: Byrom Lisa , Lucas Lex , Sheedy Vicki , Madison Kim , McIver Lachlan , Castrisos George , Alfonzo Christina , Chiu Frank , Muir Jim 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the current scope of Tele‐Derm, the types of dermatological complaints experienced in the rural primary care setting, and to assess the quality of patient clinical information provided to the consultant dermatologist.DesignRetrospective case analysis.SettingTele‐Derm National is an initiative of the Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine and has been providing online educational and consultational services in dermatology to doctors Australia‐wide for over a decade.ParticipantsPatient cases that were submitted to Tele‐Derm for specialist dermatologist advice.InterventionsAudit of submitted cases.Main outcome measuresThe types of patient presentations and reason for submission for specialist opinion were analysed. The quality of clinical information provided was also evaluated.ResultsA total of 406 cases submitted over 2012–2013 were analysed. Most patients were from the outpatient setting with ‘rash’ or dermatitis (66%). Almost one‐third of patients were paediatric cases. The average time from submission to dermatologist reply was 5.5 hours. Clinical photos were provided in 83% of cases and 73% of these were assessed as being of good quality. Management advice was provided in 77% of cases, of which reference to the case‐based learning modules on Tele‐Derm was made in 21% of cases. Patient outcome was largely unknown (83%).ConclusionThis study identified some of the common dermatological complaints presenting to rural and remote primary care doctors in Australia. The unique addition of professional development in Tele‐Derm can be used as an adjunct to advice provided to the rural doctors seeking advice for patient management.
Losing the rural nursing workforce: Lessons learnt from resigning nurses
Authors: Bragg Susan , Bonner Ann 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundAustralian workforce planning predicts a shortfall of nurses by 2025 with rural areas being most at risk. Rural areas have lower retention rates of nurses than metropolitan areas, with remote communities experiencing an even higher turnover of nursing staff. There have been few studies that examine the impact of nurse resignations on rural nursing workforces.ObjectiveThis paper is abstracted from a larger study into the reasons why nurses resign from rural hospitals and explores the resignation period.DesignA qualitative study using grounded theory methods. Following in‐depth interviewing and transcription, data analysis occurred with the assistance of NVivo software.SettingRural NSW.ParticipantsTwelve registered nurses who had resigned from rural NSW hospitals and not for reasons of retirement, maternity leave or relocation; two participants were re‐interviewed.ResultsWhile the overall study identified a grounded theory which explained rural nurses resign from hospitals due to a conflict of values, three additional themes emerged about the resignation practices at rural hospitals. The first theme identified a ‘window period’ which was an opportunity for the nurse to be retained. The second theme identified that nurses who had resigned were not involved in formal exit processes such as exit interviews. The third theme captured the flow‐on effect from rural nurse resignations resulting in nurses leaving the profession of nursing.ConclusionTo facilitate nurse retention, it is important that rural hospitals manage nurse resignations more effectively. This includes re‐examining resignation procedures, how nurses are treated and collecting meaningful data to inform retention strategies.
The first year experience of occupational therapy students at an Australian regional university: Promoting student retention and developing a regional and remote workforce
Authors: Boehm Jackie , Cordier Reinie , Thomas Yvonne , Tanner Bronwyn , Salata Karen 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjectiveStudent retention at regional universities is important in addressing regional and remote workforce shortages. Students attending regional universities are more likely to work in regional areas. First year experience at university plays a key role in student retention. This study aimed to explore factors influencing the first year experience of occupational therapy students at a regional Australian university.DesignSurveys were administered to 58 second year occupational therapy students in the first week of second year. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics (Pearson χ2; Spearman rho) and summarising descriptive responses.SettingAn Australian regional university.ParticipantsSecond year undergraduate occupational therapy students.Main outcome measuresFactors influencing students' decisions to study and continue studying occupational therapy; factors enhancing first year experience of university.ResultsFifty‐four students completed the survey (93.1%). A quarter (25.9%) of students considered leaving the course during the first year. The primary influence for continuing was the teaching and learning experience. Most valued supports were orientation week (36.7%) and the first year coordinator (36.7%).ConclusionThe importance of the first year experience in retaining occupational therapy students is highlighted. Engagement with other students and staff and academic support are important factors in facilitating student retention. It is important to understand the unique factors influencing students' decisions, particularly those from regional and remote areas, to enter and continue in tertiary education to assist in implementing supports and strategies to improve student retention.
Median Sternotomy or Right Thoracotomy Techniques for Total Artificial Heart Implantation in Calves
Authors: Karimov Jamshid H. , Moazami Nader , Sunagawa Gengo , Kobayashi Mariko , Byram Nicole , Sale Shiva , Such Kimberly A. , Horvath David J. , Golding Leonard A.R. , Fukamachi Kiyotaka 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe choice of optimal operative access technique for mechanical circulatory support device implantation ensures successful postoperative outcomes. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the median sternotomy and lateral thoracotomy incisions for placement of the Cleveland Clinic continuous‐flow total artificial heart (CFTAH) in a bovine model. The CFTAH was implanted in 17 calves (Jersey calves; weight range, 77.0–93.9 kg) through a median sternotomy (n = 9) or right thoracotomy (n = 8) for elective chronic implantation periods of 14, 30, or 90 days. Similar preoperative preparation, surgical techniques, and postoperative care were employed. Implantation of the CFTAH was successfully performed in all cases. Both methods provided excellent surgical field visualization. After device connection, however, the median sternotomy approach provided better visualization of the anastomoses and surgical lines for hemostasis confirmation and repair due to easier device displacement, which is severely limited following right thoracotomy. All four animals sacrificed after completion of the planned durations (up to 90 days) were operated through full median sternotomy. Our data demonstrate that both approaches provide excellent initial field visualization. Full median sternotomy provides larger viewing angles at the anastomotic suture line after device connection to inflow and outflow ports.
Partnering with parents to disclose Klinefelter syndrome to their child
Authors: Tremblay Isabelle , Van Vliet Guy , Gonthier Monique , Janvier Annie 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn paediatrics, a diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome can occur after prenatal testing or because of symptoms such as learning difficulties or incomplete puberty. After the diagnosis, parents have to decide when and how to speak about this condition to their child. Parents and healthcare professionals (HCPs) may have different perceptions related to disclosure of this diagnosis. Due to the absence of clear guidelines, parents and HCPs may feel uncomfortable discussing the condition and may hide the truth in a prolonged fashion.ConclusionFor patients with a prenatal diagnosis, we recommend a gradual and personalised disclosure process starting between the ages of 5 and 13 years. For older patients, a personalised approach should also be the goal. Various communication strategies and recommendations regarding disclosure of Klinefelter syndrome are proposed.