bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Epigenetic Regulator HDAC1 Modulates Transcription of a Core Cardiogenic Program in Human Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Through a p53-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Moore Joseph B. , Zhao John , Keith Matthew C. L. , Amraotkar Alok R. , Wysoczynski Marcin , Hong Kyung U. , Bolli Roberto 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) regulation is an essential process in myogenic differentiation. Inhibitors targeting the activity of specific HDAC family members have been shown to enhance the cardiogenic differentiation capacity of discrete progenitor cell types; a key property of donor cell populations contributing to their afforded benefits in cardiac cell therapy applications. The influence of HDAC inhibition on cardiac-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (CMC) transdifferentiation or the role of specific HDAC family members in dictating cardiovascular cell lineage specification has not been investigated. In the current study, the consequences of HDAC inhibition on patient-derived CMC proliferation, cardiogenic program activation, and cardiovascular differentiation/cell lineage specification were investigated using pharmacologic and genetic targeting approaches. Here, CMCs exposed to the pan-HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate exhibited induction of a cardiogenic transcriptional program and heightened expression of myocyte and endothelial lineage-specific markers when coaxed to differentiate in vitro. Further, shRNA knockdown screens revealed CMCs depleted of HDAC1 to promote the induction of a cardiogenic transcriptional program characterized by enhanced expression of cardiomyogenic- and vasculogenic-specific markers, a finding which depended on and correlated with enhanced acetylation and stabilization of p53. Cardiogenic gene activation and elevated p53 expression levels observed in HDAC1-depleted CMCs were associated with improved aptitude to assume a cardiomyogenic/vasculogenic cell-like fate in vitro. These results suggest that HDAC1 depletion-induced p53 expression alters CMC cell fate decisions and identify HDAC1 as a potential exploitable target to facilitate CMC-mediated myocardial repair in ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Large soft‐tissue masses in an adult patient with Gaucher disease
Authors: Mahajan Neha , Brynes Russell , Yano Shoji 
Published: August 2016

AbstractExtra‐osseous masses are rarely seen in Gaucher disease. Here we present a case of a 30‐year‐old patient with Gaucher disease type 3, receiving β‐glucocerebrosidase enzyme replacement therapy, who presented with slowly enlarging masses along her back. There was no osseous extension seen on imaging. Biopsy of the mass ultimately showed extensive soft tissue infiltration by Gaucher cells. No other cases of soft‐tissue masses of this extent have been described in the literature, and therefore management remains unclear.
Synthesis of Fatty Acetoacetates Under Microwave Irradiation Catalysed by Sulfamic Acid in a Solvent‐Free System
Authors: Weber Andressa C. H. , Batista Thaís C. , Gonçalves Bruno , Hack Carolina R. L. , Porciuncula Larissa M. , Treptow Tamara G. M. , D'Oca Caroline Da R. Montes , Russowsky Dennis , D'Oca Marcelo G. Montes 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds are important building blocks to obtain products with various biological activities and technological applications. In this work, we used a simple transesterification method to develop fatty acetoacetates in a solvent‐free medium using a green catalyst, sulfamic acid (NH2SO3H), under microwave irradiation. The experimental results demonstrate good yields in a short reaction time (13 min), which makes this method an efficient approach to synthesize fatty acetoacetates from a wide range of saturated, unsaturated, and polyunsaturated long chain fatty alcohols, and ricinoleic derivatives. Experiments of recycling of the catalyst were performed and no decrease in catalytic activity of sulfamic acid was observed.
Liquefaction Potential Evaluation for Subsurface Soil Layers of Delhi Region
Authors: Thoithoi L. , Dubey C. S. , Ningthoujam P. S. , Shukla D. P. , Singh R. P. , Naorem S. S. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract:
The study area Delhi is second most populous city and third largest urban area in the world. Though the area lies in seismic high damage risk zone, number of high rise building and construction of mega structure at several sites of the city increase rapidly. In this study field Standard Penetration Test (SPT) values of soil collected from 750 boreholes data were analyzed to identify liquefiable sub-surface soil layers. Finally, liquefaction susceptible sub-surface maps of the region at various depth (20 m, 15 m, 12 m, 9 m, 6 m and 3 m) from ground level is prepared. The outcome of this study will be useful input for preliminary foundation and designing of earthquake resistant high rise building and seismic microzonation studies of Delhi.
Geochemical Behaviour of LREE, Y and Zr in Uranium Mineralized and Non-Mineralized Granite from Darshanapur Area, in the Gogi-Kurlagere Fault Zone, Bhima Basin, Yadgiri District, Karnataka
Authors: Patnaik Sikta , Hegde G. N. , Panneerselvam A. , Verma M. B. , Mohanty R. , Rai A. K. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract:
Granite core samples (n=14) from the Gogi-Kurlagere fault zone in the central part of the Bhima basin were studied in terms of LREE, Y and Zr mobility during uranium mineralization. LREE, Zr and Y along with LILE (Ba, Rb) and P show behavioral differences in the mineralised and the non-mineralised samples. Average ∑LREE in mineralised granite (240 ppm) is higher than in non-mineralised samples (157 ppm). The average Zr and Y in the mineralised granite are 193 ppm and 17 ppm, while the corresponding abundances of these elements in non-mineralised portion are 148 ppm and 11 ppm respectively. Besides enrichment of U, Th, Ba, Pb and Rb and depletion of Sr are observed in mineralized granite in comparison to non-mineralized granite. Hydrothermal alteration has led to the mobility of these elements, which again dependent on the overall geochemical behavior of the migrating fluid. REE and Y in association with uranyl [(UO 2)2+] ion were transported as carbonate complexes like [UO2 (CO3)3]4- and [REE (CO3)3]3- and were later incorporated into favourable structural loci by precipitating minerals like pitchblende and coffinite.
Prioritization of Sub-Watersheds for Conservation Measures in a Semi Arid Watershed Using Remote Sensing and GIS
Authors: Khanday Mohd Yousuf , Javed Akram 
Published: August 2016

Abstract:
Land and water resources development plans are generally adopted at watershed level. Delineation of watersheds and their prioritization within large river basins requires host of terrain parameters to be studied and analysed. Chopan watershed in Central India has been studied for sub-watershed delineation and prioritization based on drainage morphometry, land use/land cover and sediment yield index analysis using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The watershed was demarcated into five sub-watersheds on the basis of drainage flow directions, contour value, slope, elevation. Geocoded satellite data of 1989 and 2001 on 1:50 000 scale were visually interpreted to prepare land use/land cover and drainage maps which were later digitized using Arcview/ArcGIS. Linear and shape aspects of the sub-watersheds were computed and used for prioritization. The results show widespread variation in drainage characteristics, land cover changes and sediment yield rates across sub-watersheds. On the basis of morphometric, land use/land cover change and sediment yield index, sub-watersheds were grouped into low, medium and high priority. A correlation of results show that SW1 and SW5 are common sub-watersheds falling under high and low priority based on morphometric, land use change analysis and SYI. The priority list of sub-watersheds will be crucial for decision making and implementation of land and water resource conservation projects.
Dynamicity of the Himalayan Landslide - A Tectono-Geotechnical Appraisal of the 13th Mile Landslide, Sikkim
Authors: Hindayar J. N. , Dasarwar P. , Srivastava S. P. , Thrideep Kumar N. , Mohan Murali , Som S. K. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract:
Understanding the causes of slope development with movement initiation of land sliding requires knowledge on dynamicity, displacement, strain concentration and factor of safety. The 13th mile landslide on Gangtok-Nathula road of the Sikkim Himalaya has seriously affected the Indo-China trade route. To quantify the spatial movement pattern, strain analysis and identification of zones of safety were attempted which indicates that differential movement activity of the landslide zone is co-relatable with differential strain pattern with an overall imprint of the Himalaya collision tectonics.
Statistical and Analytical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality of Tirupati Area, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, South India
Authors: Nagaraju A. , Sharifi Z. , Balaji E. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract:
The multivariate statistical analysis, hydrogeochemical modelling using visual MINTEQ software, indices of base exchange and Gibbs ratio were simultaneously applied to groundwater hydrochemical data of the Tirupati area. These techniques were applied to know the principal processes controlling the water chemistry. Fifty groundwater samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, CO3, Cl, and SO4. The results showed that the abundance of the major ions in the water samples is in following order: Na &gt; Ca &gt; Mg &gt; K and HCO3 &gt; Cl &gt; SO4 &gt; CO3 &gt; F. From this study, it is clear that there are five main processes that are responsible for this hydrochemistry namely: (1) weathering of silicate minerals, (2) dissolution of chloride salts, (3) Ion exchange between (sodium, potassium) and (calcium, magnesium) during the infiltration of reclaimed water, (4) precipitation of carbonate minerals and (5) anthropogenic activities (agricultural activities such as irrigation practices and fertilizers). Further, this study clearly demonstrates that the multivariate statistical techniques are potential tools and provide with greater precision clues to the processes that control water chemistry.
Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR): How the Differences Between Early and Late FGR Impact on Clinical Management?
Authors: Monaghan Caitriona , Thilaganathan Baskaran 
Published: August 2016

AbstractFetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with significantly increased perinatal mortality as well as immediate and long-term morbidity. One of the most challenging aspects of this condition is the ability to accurately define and adequately diagnose it in order to determine appropriate clinical management. Within a common pathogenesis of placental insufficiency, two phenotypes, early and late FGR, have emerged. Early FGR is easier to diagnose, however, as a consequence of extreme prematurity at presentation it can be extremely challenging to manage. Late fetal growth restriction is much more problematic to diagnose but relatively straightforward to manage as delivery is a reasonable option. Areas of research with regards to FGR, which require further evaluation, include the development of more accurate screening tools in order to identify those women at risk and validation of the role of aspirin in the prevention of this condition in a prospective adequately powered trial.
Locus coeruleus volume and cell population changes during Alzheimer's disease progression: A stereological study in human postmortem brains with potential implication for early‐stage biomarker discovery
Authors: Theofilas Panos , Ehrenberg Alexander J. , Dunlop Sara , Di Lorenzo Alho Ana T. , Nguy Austin , Leite Renata Elaine Paraizo , Rodriguez Roberta Diehl , Mejia Maria B. , Suemoto Claudia K. , Ferretti-Rebustini Renata Eloah De Lucena , Polichiso Livia , Nascimento Camila F. , Seeley William W. , Nitrini Ricardo , Pasqualucci Carlos Augusto , Jacob Filho Wilson , Rueb Udo , Neuhaus John , Heinsen Helmut , Grinberg Lea T. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) progression follows a specific spreading pattern, emphasizing the need to characterize those brain areas that degenerate first. The brainstem's locus coeruleus (LC) is the first area to develop neurofibrillary changes (neurofibrillary tangles [NFTs]).MethodsThe methods include unbiased stereological analyses in human brainstems to estimate LC volume and neuronal population in controls and individuals across all AD stages.ResultsAs the Braak stage increases by 1 unit, the LC volume decreases by 8.4%. Neuronal loss started only midway through AD progression. Age‐related changes spare the LC.DiscussionThe long gap between NFT accumulation and neuronal loss suggests that a second trigger may be necessary to induce neuronal death in AD. Imaging studies should determine whether LC volumetry can replicate the stage‐wise atrophy observed here and how these changes are specific to AD. LC volumetry may develop into a screening biomarker for selecting high‐yield candidates to undergo expensive and less accessible positron emission tomography scans and to monitor AD progression from presymptomatic stages.
An improved FastSLAM 2.0 algorithm based on FC&ASD-PSO
Authors: Lv Taizhi , Feng Maoyan 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYFastSLAM 2.0 is a popular framework which uses a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter to solve the simultaneous localization and mapping problem. The sampling process is one of the most important phases in the FastSLAM 2.0 framework. Its estimation accuracy depends heavily on a correct prior knowledge about the control and observation noise statistics (the covariance matrices Q and R). Without the correct prior knowledge about these matrices, the estimation accuracy of the robot path and landmark positions may degrade seriously. However in many applications, the prior knowledge is unknown, or these noises are non-stationary. In this paper, these covariance matrices are supposed to be dynamic and denoted as Qt and Rt. Since there are noises, time-adjacent observations are inconsistent with each other. This inconsistency can reflect the real value of the covariance matrices. By the inconsistency, an extra step is introduced to the FastSLAM 2.0 framework. This step makes Qt and Rt match with their real value by using a particle swarm optimization method based on fractional calculus and alpha stable distribution (FC&ASD-PSO). Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the accuracy by the more accurate estimation on the noise covariance matrices.
Self-deployment of mobile robotic networks: an algorithm for decentralized sweep boundary coverage
Authors: Semakova Anna A. , Ovchinnikov Kirill S. , Matveev Alexey S. 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYSeveral non-holonomic Dubins-car-like robots travel over paths with bounded curvatures in a plane that contains an a priori unknown region. The robots are anonymous to one another and do not use communication facilities. Any of them has access to the current minimum distance to the region and can determine the relative positions and orientations of the other robots within a finite and given visibility range. We present a distributed navigation and guidance strategy under which every robot autonomously converges to the desired minimum distance to the region with always respecting a given safety margin, the robots do not collide with one another and do not get into clusters, and the entire team ultimately sweeps over the respective equidistant curve at a speed exceeding a given threshold, thus forming a kind of a sweeping barrier at the perimeter of the region. Moreover, this strategy provides effective sub-uniform distribution of the robots over the equidistant curve. Mathematically rigorous justification of the proposed strategy is offered; its effectiveness is confirmed by extensive computer simulations and experiments with real wheeled robots.
crAssphage is not associated with diarrhoea and has high genetic diversity
Authors: LIANG Y. Y. , ZHANG W. , TONG Y. G. , CHEN S. P. 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYcrAssphage is a newly discovered gut bacteriophage. However, its pathogenicity and molecular epidemiology in humans are as yet unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between crAssphage and diarrhoea, as well as the molecular epidemiology of crAssphage in Chinese patients from our hospital. Our results indicated that there were no significant differences in the crAssphage-positive ratio and viral loads in faecal supernatants between adults with diarrhoea and healthy adults. Of infants and children with diarrhoea, 2·8% were found to be crAssphage-positive, including two infants aged <1 month. Markedly, of all confirmed crAssphage-positive strains, 100% had the ORF00039 deletion and 77·8% had low identity of ORF00018 compared to crAssphage (GenBank accession no. NC_024711, designated genotype 1). Thus, crAssphage was not associated with diarrhoea and most strains of crAssphage in Chinese patients (designated genotype 2) were characterized by the ORF00039 deletion and low identity of ORF00018.
Cognitive leisure activities and future risk of cognitive impairment and dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yates Lauren A , Ziser Shier , Spector Aimee , Orrell Martin 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTBackground:As life expectancies continue to rise, modifiable lifestyle factors that may prevent cognitive decline and dementia in later life become increasingly important in order to maintain quality of life in old age.Methods:Five meta-analyses were conducted on data from papers identified in a systematic review. Studies were grouped according to outcomes (dementia, cognitive impairment including amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and cognitive decline) and output (risk (RR), odds (OR), or hazard ratios (HR)).Results:Nineteen studies met our inclusion criteria and quality assessments. Four of five meta-analyses showed significant associations between participation in cognitive leisure activities and reduced risk of cognitive impairment (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.56–0.85) and dementia (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.46–0.74; RR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.42–0.90; OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67–0.90). However, one pooled analysis of cognitive impairment studies did not reach significance (HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.71–1.02). Mentally stimulating leisure activities were significantly associated with later life cognition (β = 0.11, p = 0.05), better memory (β = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.11–0.29), speed of processing (β = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.29–0.45), and executive functioning (β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.15–0.29), and less decline in overall cognition (β = −0.23, p < 0.01), language (β = −0.11, p < 0.05), and executive functioning (β = −0.13, p < 0.05). Activities were also shown to reduce rate of cognitive decline (estimate = 0.03, SE = 0.01, p = 0.00).Conclusions:There is increasing evidence that participation in cognitively stimulating leisure activities may contribute to a reduction of risk of dementia and cognitive impairment in later life. Promoting involvement in such activities across lifespan could be an important focus for primary prevention strategies for governments and health services.
Changes in Mortality Rates and Humanitarian Conditions in Darfur, Sudan 2003–2007
Authors: Garfield Richard , Polonsky Jonny 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Darfur region of Sudan has been an intense focus of humanitarian concern since rebellions began there early in 2003. In 2004, the US Secretary of State declared that conflict in Darfur represented genocide. Since 2003, many sample surveys and various mortality estimates for Darfur have been made. Nonetheless, confusion and controversy surrounding mortality levels and trends have continued. For this project, results were reviewed from the highest quality field surveys on mortality in Darfur conducted between 2003 and 2008. Trend analysis demonstrated a dramatic decline in mortality over time in Darfur. By 2005, mortality levels had fallen below emergency levels and have continued to decline. Deaths directly due violence have declined as a proportion of all of the deaths in Darfur. Declining mortality in Darfur was not associated with other proximate improvements in well-being, such as improved nutrition. Without large-scale, humanitarian intervention, continuing high rates of mortality due to violence likely would have occurred. If mortality had continued at the high rate documented in 2004, by January 2009, there would have been 330,000 additional deaths. With the humanitarian assistance provided through the United Nations and non-governmental organizations, these people are alive today. A focus on excess deaths among non-combatants may draw attention away from other needs, such as establishing better security, improving service delivery to the displaced, and advocating for internally displaced persons to be reached today and to re-establish their lives and livelihoods tomorrow.
The methanogenic redox cofactor F420 is widely synthesized by aerobic soil bacteria
Authors: Ney Blair , Ahmed F Hafna , Carere Carlo R , Biswas Ambarish , Warden Andrew C , Morales Sergio E , Pandey Gunjan , Watt Stephen J , Oakeshott John G , Taylor Matthew C , Stott Matthew B , Jackson Colin J , Greening Chris 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
F420 is a low-potential redox cofactor that mediates the transformations of a wide range of complex organic compounds. Considered one of the rarest cofactors in biology, F420 is best known for its role in methanogenesis and has only been chemically identified in two phyla to date, the Euryarchaeota and Actinobacteria. In this work, we show that this cofactor is more widely distributed than previously reported. We detected the genes encoding all five known F420 biosynthesis enzymes (cofC, cofD, cofE, cofG and cofH) in at least 653 bacterial and 173 archaeal species, including members of the dominant soil phyla Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes. Metagenome datamining validated that these genes were disproportionately abundant in aerated soils compared with other ecosystems. We confirmed through high-performance liquid chromatography analysis that aerobically grown stationary-phase cultures of three bacterial species, Paracoccus denitrificans, Oligotropha carboxidovorans and Thermomicrobium roseum, synthesized F420, with oligoglutamate sidechains of different lengths. To understand the evolution of F420 biosynthesis, we also analyzed the distribution, phylogeny and genetic organization of the cof genes. Our data suggest that although the Fo precursor to F420 originated in methanogens, F420 itself was first synthesized in an ancestral actinobacterium. F420 biosynthesis genes were then disseminated horizontally to archaea and other bacteria. Together, our findings suggest that the cofactor is more significant in aerobic bacterial metabolism and soil ecosystem composition than previously thought. The cofactor may confer several competitive advantages for aerobic soil bacteria by mediating their central metabolic processes and broadening the range of organic compounds they can synthesize, detoxify and mineralize.