bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antipsychotic combination strategies in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Ruiz R. Molina , Oller M. de Castro , Macías V. Gomez , Rodriguez M. Roncero , Rada F. Montañes 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionTreatment strategies in bipolar disorder (BPD) has changed in the last decades and polypharmacy including antipsychotics has become extremely common compared to monotherapy with mood stabilisers. Clinicians tend to use 2 or more atypical antipsychotics despite the lack of evidence to support safety, tolerability and efficacy of this practice.ObjectiveTo determine most frequently used treatment strategies in a sample of bipolar disorder patients and review of the literature.MethodologyAnalysis of a sample of 35 patients with BPD from Madrid and review of recent literature for evidence arising from international guidelines recommendations and meta-analyses.ResultsMost frequently used treatment approach in our sample was polytherapy, including at least 1 atypical antipsychotic (31%) and polytherapy, including at least 2 antipsychotics (47%) together with mood stabilisers. Only 11% were in monotherapy with mood stabilisers and another 11%were in monotherapy with one atypical antipsychotic but without mood stabilisers. Aripiprazol and olanzapine were among the most preferred atypical antipsychotics. Efficacy and safety of such combinations have not been systematically compared with monotherapy in the literature. Previous data indicate that polytherapy in BPD may incur in important disadvantages [1].ConclusionsTreatment of BPD remains challenging. Polytherapy seem to have replaced monotherapy due to less relapses and better results in treatment of affective symptoms. However, compliance and secondary long-term effects should be taken into account. Superiority in terms of efficacy in polytherapy needs to be balanced with tolerability issues. More studies on combination therapy, long-term efficacy and safety are needed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Antipsychotic injectable extended release: A case report
Authors: Dominguez M.D.L.C. Ramirez , Gonzalez L. Hernandez , Sánchez I. Prieto , Martinez A. Rodriguez , Leon S. Fernandez 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of aripiprazole LP by a case of difficult clinical management and that we often find in our daily practice.MethodsDescription of a clinical case of a 21-year-old man, recently diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia with no awareness of disease neither treatment adherence and harmful use of THC and cocaine that are identified as precipitating factors for multiple hospital admissions.ResultsInjectable medication with objective clinical improvement is significant, cessation of readmissions, achieving improvement in all parameters measured functionality and proper adherence to treatment as well as outpatient mental health of both devices as of drug dependence.ConclusionPsychiatry is facing the great challenge of modifying the natural history to the deterioration of schizophrenia, a disease considered one of the leading causes of years lived with disability. The objectives medium and long-term treatment of this disease are centered on the delay-avoidance disability and improving the functioning and quality of life of people with this disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychiatry heal thyself: a lifestyle intervention targeting mental health staff to enhance uptake of lifestyle interventions for people prescribed antipsychotic medication
Authors: Rosenbaum S. , Watkins A. , Ward P.B. , Pearce D. , Fitzpatrick K. , Curtis J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPeople experiencing severe mental illness (SMI) face a shortened life expectancy of up to 20 years, primarily due to preventable cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Lifestyle interventions are effective in reducing CV risk, yet examples of service-wide interventions are lacking. Staff culture remains a barrier to the successful implementation of lifestyle interventions. The Keeping the Body in Mind (KBIM) program, established by SESLHD (Australia), aims to close the gap in life expectancy through multidisciplinary teams, including clinical nurse consultants, dieticians, exercise physiologists, and peer support workers. Prior to the KBIM rollout, an individualized lifestyle intervention called Keeping Our Staff In Mind (KoSiM) was offered to all district mental health staff.ObjectiveKoSiM examined the effectiveness of a staff intervention to improve physical health, confidence, knowledge and attitudes of mental health staff.MethodsMental health staffs were invited to participate in an online survey and a 4-week individualized intervention including personalised health screening and lifestyle advice, with a 16-week follow-up. Outcomes assessed included: attitudes, confidence and knowledge regarding metabolic health, weight, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, sleep, diet, physical activity and exercise capacity.ResultsOf a total of 702 staff, 204 completed the survey (29%). Among those completing the survey, 154 staff (75%) participated in the intervention. A mean decrease in waist circumference of 2 ± 2.7 cm, (P < 0.001) was achieved. Among staffs that were overweight or obese at baseline, 75% achieved a decrease in WC.ConclusionImproving staff culture regarding physical health interventions is an important step in integrating lifestyle interventions into routine care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The effectiveness of first-time-mother parent education for infant interaction and sense of parenting competence in Taiwan
Authors: Chung F.F. , Liu H.E. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThis study is designed to investigate the relationship between first-time-mother postpartum parenting education and its effectiveness on the quality of mother–infant interaction and in turn, sense changes of parenting competence.MethodsEighty-one healthy first-time-mother infant dyads were recruited. The control group (n = 40) received normal postpartum care, being the medical and cultural norms practiced in Taiwan. The experimental group (n = 41) received extra education by way of a 40-minute videotape on infant states, behaviors, communication cues, and a handout about play practices. Data was collected at five time periods: around first week, followed by the first, second, third and sixth month after birth. Assessment scales used for this study were the Chinese Version of the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (C-PSOC), the Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS), in order to score videotaped mother-infant interactions.ResultsThe results of the study between these two groups showed that there was an increase in the quality of mother–infant interaction within the experiential group. In addition, it was found that at the five points of assessment, there were no significant sense changes of parenting competency and no significant differences in postpartum depression. For all subjects, there was a correlation between postpartum depressions, competency in parenting, and quality of mother–infant interaction.ConclusionsStudy results prove that first-time-mothers in Taiwan who are provided extra educations about infant abilities, as well as how to effectively play with babies, are likely to witness an improvement in interactional quality.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Effects of depressive mood of female high school students on dysmenorrhea and sleep quality
Authors: Kim S. , Kim H. , Kim M.J. , Min Y. , Lim J. , Lee Y. , Kim S. , Kim C.H. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThis research aimed to identify the effects of depressive mood of female high school students on dysmenorrhea and sleep quality.MethodsThis research was conducted for 2 months from September 2015 to October 2015. A total of 3 types of self-reported questionnaire were adopted for the research. Control group was separated by Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (ZSDS). Each group adopted a self-made questionnaire for research on menstruation and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for research on sleep. Chi2 test and AVOVA analysis through SPSS-21 were used as statistics methods.ResultsAnalysis was made on 72 female students who submitted clear answers to the questionnaire. There were 34 students from normal mood group and 38 from depressive mood group. Depressive group presented meaningful results on regularity, pain severity, and drug treatment history of menstruation. Particularly, depressive group had 51.4% among subjects having severe menstrual pain of grade 3 by VMS (verbal multidimensional scoring system), way higher than 27.6% among subjects in the normal group. PSQI for sleep showed a meaningful result that 20.8% of those in the normal group were diagnosed with sleep disorder compared to 86.8% for the depressive group. A meaningful difference was seen in sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, daytime functional disturbance among 7 items of PSQI.ConclusionThis research showed that female high school students with depressive mood had high frequency and severity in dysmenorrhea and sleep quality disturbance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Is empathy correlated to patients’ level of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia?
Authors: Trabelsi R. , Arous A. , Mrizak J. , Ben Ammar H. , Khalifa A. , El Hechmi Z. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionEmpathy, which refers to the ability to understand and share the thoughts and feelings of others, may be compromised in schizophrenia (SCZ). Yet the relationship between empathy and neurocognitive functioning remains unclear.ObjectivesTo explore whether cognitive and affective empathy are associated with the neurocognitive functioning in SCZ.MethodsFifty-eight outpatients with stable SCZ completed the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) comprising five subscales intended to assess cognitive and affective components of empathy. They also completed a neurocognitive battery comprising the following tests: the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised (HVLT-R), the Letter Digit Substitution Test (LDST), the Stroop Test (ST), the “Double Barrage” of Zazzo (DBZ), the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), Verbal Fluency (VF), the Trail Making Test-Part A (TMT-A) and the Digit Span (DS).ResultsBetter affective and cognitive empathy correlated with better performance in the ST (less hesitations and less errors). Patients with better cognitive empathy performed better in the MCST (more categories achieved; P = 0.029) and in the LDST (more substitutions per minute; P = 0.031).ConclusionsOur results bolster support for the presence of an association between NF and the decreased cognitive and affective empathy in schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Erotomania and mood disorder: A case report and literature review
Authors: Guillard V. , Mallet J. , Limosin F. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionErotomania is a rare delusional disorder. De Clerambault, a French psychiatrist, was the first who advanced the concept of pure erotomania, one of the “passionate psychosis”, as a distinct disorder. However, some authors tend to consider this syndrome as related to other psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesTo describe the case of a female patient with erotomanic delusion with no remission under an antipsychotic and to review the links between erotomania and other psychiatric disorders.MethodsLiterature review and a case report.ResultsWe report the case of a 32 year-old epileptic woman, hospitalized for a delusional erotomanic disorder. Initially, the patient was treated with an antipsychotic, with partial effectiveness. In fact, it appeared that the conviction of being loved began while she was depressed. After one month of combined antipsychotic and antidepressive medication, she became euthymic and her erotomanic delusions disappeared. Major depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms was diagnosed. After reviewing the literature we found that erotomanic symptoms frequently appear secondarily in other psychiatric disorders. Several publications indicate a frequent association between erotomania and mood disorder, especially bipolar affective disorder and major depression, and describe the efficacy of antidepressant and mood stabilizers. Numerous theories may explain the link between erotomania and mood disorder: from narcissistic needs, to the capacity of empathy and emotional processing. Further studies are needed to clarify the nature of this link.ConclusionIn clinical practice, a mood disorder must systematically be searched for and treated in a patient with erotomanic delusions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Substance abuse and quality of life in chronic hepatitis C patients receiving antiviral treatment
Authors: Egmond E. , Oriolo G. , Cavero M. , Langohr K. , Solà R. , Navines R. , Martin-Santos R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of world's most important chronic infections. HCV can be treated using interferon-alpha (IFNα) and ribavirin (RBV). HCV, IFNα and RBV are known to impair mental and physical life quality. Many HCV-infected individuals have life-prevalence of substance use disorder (SUD).ObjectivesTo study life quality (SF-36) in HCV patients with SUD history during antiviral treatment.MethodsSF-36 questionnaire was assessed in 384 HCV patients at baseline, and at 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks of treatment. ANCOVA models were used to study the association of SF-36 scores and potential risk factors at baseline. Risk factors from baseline scores over time were studied through linear mixed models, adjusting for baseline scores.ResultsAt baseline, SUD men had worse mental (P = 0.03) and physical health (P = 0.022), and younger patients had worse social functioning (P = 0.011), and mental (P = 0.001) but better physical health (P < 0.001). Figs. 1 and 2 show the results of mental and physical life quality during treatment from baseline.ConclusionsThis study emphasizes the decrease in life quality in HCV patients with SUD before and during antiviral treatment.GrantInstituto de Carlos III-FIS: PSICOCIT-PI110/01827,EU “One way to make Europe”, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MTM2012-38067-C02-01), and support of SGR/2014/1135.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Can I have a quality seizure? A review
Authors: Ramos J. , Arriba A. , Urretavizcaya M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAfter seventy-five years of its introduction, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains the most effective treatment for severe depressive disorders. It is known that the antidepressant effect is not due only to the electric current itself, but by the general seizure activity. As so, for beneficial or adverse effects of ECTs, it's mainly important to induct a well-generalized seizure. Those can be influence by several variables like, seizure duration and threshold, ECT practice factors and medication, resulting in a lack efficacy. It's advantageous to treatment if physiological markers of adequacy are established to seizure quality, because a high seizure quality has been successfully correlated with better outcome in many studies.Aims and methodsThe aim of this work is to review the available international literature regarding to identified parameters that influence and evidence seizure quality.ConclusionAlthough throughout history ECT is embroiled in controversy, according to international bibliography, this is a technique of great therapeutic relevance and precise indications. It is noteworthy, that it has been shown to be an effective and safe treatment for many psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, there is not a consensus regarding to the parameters to its efficacy, particularly the seizure quality. Thus, it's important to current practice, to do more studies in this field, in order to establish those parameters, have homogenise clinical practice and promote better results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Placebo and placebo effect, variability of the clinical response according to the therapists’ behavior
Authors: Soler Iborte A. , Galiano Rus S. , López Díaz Á. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionFrom a historical perspective, the first data related to the placebo effect on “mental health” date to the 1950s decade, when evidence was first shown of the important percentage of people with a psychiatric pathology that benefited from the consumption of placebos. It is believed that the responses to placebos and nocebos are influenced by the content and the way of informing the patient, which influences in the quality of life and therapy adherence. Among the factors that influence the magnitude of the placebo effect, we find variables related to the patient, with the placebo itself and the therapist.ObjectivesTo determine the relationship between the clinical response of a placebo and the behavior and information on the placebo contributed by the health worker.MethodologySystemic review of the articles published in Medline-PubMed from 2005 to the present.ResultsBeing kind, friendly, interested, nice, emphatic, and considerate as well as having a positive attitude toward the patient and the treatment as well as the expectations of the therapist are variables that are associated to a beneficial effect in a placebo situation as well as in active treatment.ConclusionThe patient's expectations, a product of selective processing of the information that she/he receives about the effect of a placebo or active treatment, and the behavior of the health worker in clinical practice, produces variability in the symptomatic response through its influence on the magnitude of the placebo effect. In the bibliography reviewed, there is a marked lack of attention dedicated to clinical studies in the addressing of this phenomenon.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Comparing gaze related anxiety in adult subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or social anxiety disorder (SAD)
Authors: Jouni A. , Amestoy A. , Bouvard M. 
Published: May 2016

Social anxiety is frequently reported by individuals with ASD. If atypical eye gaze in ASD can not be fully explained by emotional models, a subgroup seems to present an active gaze avoidance associated with the report of social anxiety symptoms. The main objective of our study was to examine the gaze related anxiety in a population of adults with ASD compared with what's observed in adults with SAD. The purpose was to confirm the experience of social anxiety for some individuals with ASD and quantify its impact on gaze functioning. We included adult patients diagnosed with ASD without intellectual disability (n = 13) or SAD (n = 11) from three outpatient clinics. Patients were divided in two groups, ASD and SAD, and filled three clinical scales: Gaze Anxiety Rating Scale (GARS, Schneier et al., 2011), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS, Liebowitz et al., 1999), and Social responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2, Constantino et al., 2003). Patients with ASD presented higher scores on SRS-2 (M [SD]: 73.5 [8.9] vs 52.4 [10.4]; P < 0.001) and lower on LSAS (M [SD]: 58.6 (32.1) vs 83.8 [22.8]; P < 0.05) but no difference on GARS scores compared to people with SAD. Furthermore, a sub-group of ASD patients, presenting with more social anxiety, reported greater gaze related anxiety and avoidance than other patients with ASD (M [SD]: 57.8 (20.5) vs 19.4 [23.5]; P < 0.05). Social anxiety can be present in ASD with an impact on gaze functioning. The SRS-2 and LSAS seem to be efficient differentiating anxiety from social ability deficits and maybe useful to guide patients toward a specialised evaluation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A meta-analysis on the longitudinal relationship between eating pathology and depression
Authors: Puccio F. , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M. , Ong D. , Krug I. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundDespite the considerable number of studies that have assessed evidence for a longitudinal relationship between eating pathology and depression, there is no clear consensus regarding whether they are uni- or bi-directionally related.ObjectiveTo undertake a meta-analysis to provide a quantitative synthesis of longitudinal studies that assessed the direction of effects between eating pathology and depression. A second aim was to use meta-regression to account for heterogeneity in terms of study-level effect modifiers.ResultsMeta-analysis results on 30 eligible studies showed that eating pathology was a risk factor for depression (rm = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.17, P < 0.001), and that depression was a risk factor for eating pathology (rm = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.22, P < 0.001). Meta-regression analyses showed that these effects were significantly stronger for studies that operationalized eating pathology as an eating disorder diagnosis versus eating pathology symptoms (P < 0.05), and for studies that operationalized the respective outcome measure as a categorical variable (e.g., a diagnosis of a disorder or where symptoms were “present”/“absent”) versus a continuous measure (P < 0.01). Results also showed that in relation to eating pathology type, the effect of an eating disorder diagnosis (b = −0.06, t = −7.304, P ≤ 0.001) and bulimic symptoms (b = −0.006, t = −2.388, P < 0.05) on depression was significantly stronger for younger participants.ConclusionsEating pathology and depression are concurrent risk factors for each other, suggesting that future research would benefit from identifying factors that are etiological to the development of both constructs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Punding in Parkinson's disease: To a better understanding of a common phenomenon between Parkinson's disease and addictions
Authors: Tremey A. , de Chazeron I. , Brousse G. , Llorca P.M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPunding is a stereotypical motor behaviour characterized by a repetitive, excessive and non-goal oriented activity that causes an important loss of time. Since its first description in psychostimulant addicts, data on punding has only derived from studies on Parkinsonian patients treated with dopaminergic drugs. Little is known in the literature about Parkinsonian patient's characteristics who suffer from punding.ObjectiveWe propose to study characteristics of Parkinsonian “punders” in order to investigate the pathophysiology of this phenomenon.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we use the “Ardouin Scale of Behavior in Parkinson's disease” database. This database was initially used to design a global scale to detect changes in mood and behavior of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. We compared different variables between Parkinsonian patients who suffer from punding with non-punder Parkinsonian patients.ResultsEighty of the 258 patients were identified as punders. In univariate analysis, the punder and non-punder groups differed statistically with regard to the age of diagnostic of PD, hypersexuality and dopaminergic agonist treatment. In multivariate analysis, the punder and non-punder groups only differed statistically with regard to dopaminergic agonist treatment (P = 0.05).ConclusionDopaminergic agonist treatments appear to be more represented among patients with punding in our sample. Impulse control disorders (ICD) are known to be more common in patients treated by dopamine agonists. Punding could be considered as the most severe form of ICD that is linked to psychomotor stimulation and reward mechanisms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.