bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faire de l’impossible un métier
Authors: Lollo Paolo 
Published: February 2016

Dans l’alphabet hébraïque, il est impossible de prononcer l’ Aleph , sa première lettre. Cependant, Aleph ouvre à la séquence des lettres de l’alphabet, à la possibilité de leur existence, à commencer par la lettre Beit . De son côté, Beit Ham, la « Maison chaleureuse », qui accueille des jeunes en difficulté et en mal de vivre, se fonde sur un impossible, un interdit : celui d’exclure. Rappelons que Freud avait repris avec humour le vieux dicton qui déclare qu’éduquer, soigner et gouverner sont des métiers impossibles. À cette liste, il ajoute le métier de psychanalyste, mais sans expliquer vraiment en quoi il serait impossible. Cet article avance l’hypothèse que ces quatre métiers essaient tous de répondre à l’appel, à l’invocation du réel à laquelle il est impossible de donner une réponse suffisamment adéquate. Pour la psychanalyse, c’est le symptôme qui appelle et fait signe. « Le réel, c’est l’impossible », dit Lacan, qu’il définit aussi comme « ce qui ne cesse pas de ne pas s’écrire ». Comment ces trois métiers arrivent-ils à déjouer cette prison du réel (impossible) qui empêche toute écriture ? Comment la psychanalyse peut-elle essayer d’écrire sans rester prisonnière d’une nouvelle nécessité (« ce qui ne cesse pas de s’écrire ») ? Comment sortir de l’impossible et ouvrir au possible ?
Susciter du désir chez le jeune : transfert sur le lieu et transmission
Authors: Rividi Dominique 
Published: February 2016

À un moment où les décideurs et les acteurs sociaux sont en recherche d’efficacité et de nouvelles techniques qui facilitent l’action psychosociale et éducative, il est essentiel de ne pas oublier que le moteur du changement et du mieux-être est l’accès au désir du sujet social et psychique, celui des membres de l’équipe et celui des jeunes. L’association Beit Ham est le fruit de la rencontre et du désir de cinq personnes qui ont tâché de transmettre quelque chose de ce désir. Elle s’est inspirée de la psychothérapie institutionnelle et met en pratique le tissage d’un réseau de liens entre des sujets adolescents qui désirent être là ensemble, dans la rencontre, dans le club de jeunes qu’ils partagent, entre les jeunes et les éducateurs, entre les membres de l’équipe, ou bien au sein des instances associatives. C’est la place que chacun peut prendre comme sujet dans ce projet commun, la récurrence du « vivre-ensemble » et les phénomènes transférentiels qui s’y nouent qui sont les véritables acteurs de la fonction thérapeutique.
Le point accueil jeunes de saint-denis... à l’interface de l’éducatif, du social et du thérapeutique
Authors: Savelli Françoise 
Published: February 2016

Le Point accueil jeunes ( paj ) a été mis en place en 1997 par l’association Santé mentale et culture de l’intersecteur de pédopsychiatrie d’un dispositif intermédiaire d’accueil en libre accès pour des adolescents en difficulté. C’est un lieu de vie alternatif proposant une nouvelle structuration des rapports humains (psychothérapie institutionnelle) dans un environnement « suffisamment bon » (Winnicott) où les médiations sociales transculturelles prennent une profonde potentialité thérapeutique. Il s’agit de construire des « praticables », des espaces du dire, du jeu, qui permettent de fabriquer du lien partagé avec les autres. Rencontre avec le collectif où il s’agit de reconnaître à chacun la singularité de la souffrance individuelle, en construisant au fil des rencontres une thérapeutique sur mesure. C’est un dispositif où la psychanalyse comme principe est accessible au tout-venant et n’est pas uniquement réservée à des initiés ou à une classe aisée.
Trouvaille de la page blanche
Authors: Gassmann Xavier 
Published: February 2016

L’expérience développée dans le cadre d’un projet de rescolarisation à destination de jeunes ayant quitté le circuit lycéen sans qualification, conduit l’école à se pencher sur un reste . La voilà convoquée à rencontrer celui-là même qui l’avait quittée et à poser un regard autre, au-delà des assignations habituelles. Cette modification n’est pas seulement ponctuelle. Elle introduit à un autre rapport au savoir, tant pour l’équipe enseignante que pour l’élève. Dans ce contexte, dans quelle mesure le sujet trouve-t-il la possibilité de négocier une nouvelle position dans son désir épistémophilique ?
Valuing the Recreational Services of a Marine and Terrestrial Natural Protected Area: A Travel Cost Analysis of Port-Cros National Park
Authors: Blayac Thierry , Hamadé Fady , Salles Jean-Michel 
Published: February 2016

Mettre en évidence la valeur des espaces naturels est un élément déterminant de légitimation des contraintes que leur protection impose à certaines activités. Nous utilisons la méthode des coûts de déplacement pour analyser la valeur récréative du Parc National de Port-Cros (France), le premier parc marin créé en Europe et actuellement un espace naturel protégé marin et terrestre situé sur et autour des îles méditerranéennes de Port-Cros et Porquerolles. Un échantillon de 600 visiteurs a été interrogé en plusieurs endroits sur le site. Afin d’obtenir des coûts du temps et du trajet appropriés pour les voyages multi-destination, une échelle de motivation est introduite pour pondérer les coûts en fonction de l’influence du Parc dans la décision de visiter la région. Le coût d’opportunité du temps est estimé selon deux méthodes dont les résultats sont discutés. Les valeurs obtenues pour le surplus des consommateurs mettent en évidence le caractère unique du site qui peut être relié à la situation insulaire et au fait qu’une zone de protection marine accessible à un grand nombre de visiteurs reste exceptionnelle.
La prise en compte médiévale de la victime dans quelques traités criminels et statuts urbains
Authors: Lault Marie-Clotilde 
Published: February 2016

Le mot « victime » n’apparaît pas dans les sources médiévales. La victime est appelée persona offensa ou pars laesa . À l’instar du droit romain, le droit médiéval n’admet pas d’estimation du corps humain. La réparation consiste seulement en l’estimation des préjudices patrimoniaux subis par la victime. Il s’agit d’abord de comprendre comment un individu est reconnu par le droit persona offensa . Puis, il s’agit de montrer que les réparations, prévues par le droit, peuvent être à caractère privé ou public.
What controls the vertical distribution of aerosol? Relationships between process sensitivity in HadGEM3–UKCA and inter-model variation from AeroCom Phase II
Authors: Kipling Zak , Stier Philip , Johnson Colin E. , Mann Graham W. , Bellouin Nicolas , Bauer Susanne E. , Bergman Tommi , Chin Mian , Diehl Thomas , Ghan Steven J. , Iversen Trond , Kirkevåg Alf , Kokkola Harri , Liu Xiaohong , Luo Gan , van Noije Twan , Pringle Kirsty J. , von Salzen Knut , Schulz Michael , Seland Øyvind , Skeie Ragnhild B. , Takemura Toshihiko , Tsigaridis Kostas , Zhang Kai 
Published: February 2016

Abstract. The vertical profile of aerosol is important for its radiative effects, but weakly constrained by observations on the global scale, and highly variable among different models. To investigate the controlling factors in one particular model, we investigate the effects of individual processes in HadGEM3–UKCA and compare the resulting diversity of aerosol vertical profiles with the inter-model diversity from the AeroCom Phase II control experiment. In this way we show that (in this model at least) the vertical profile is controlled by a relatively small number of processes, although these vary among aerosol components and particle sizes. We also show that sufficiently coarse variations in these processes can produce a similar diversity to that among different models in terms of the global-mean profile and, to a lesser extent, the zonal-mean vertical position. However, there are features of certain models' profiles that cannot be reproduced, suggesting the influence of further structural differences between models. In HadGEM3–UKCA, convective transport is found to be very important in controlling the vertical profile of all aerosol components by mass. In-cloud scavenging is very important for all except mineral dust. Growth by condensation is important for sulfate and carbonaceous aerosol (along with aqueous oxidation for the former and ageing by soluble material for the latter). The vertical extent of biomass-burning emissions into the free troposphere is also important for the profile of carbonaceous aerosol. Boundary-layer mixing plays a dominant role for sea salt and mineral dust, which are emitted only from the surface. Dry deposition and below-cloud scavenging are important for the profile of mineral dust only. In this model, the microphysical processes of nucleation, condensation and coagulation dominate the vertical profile of the smallest particles by number (e.g. total CN  >  3 nm), while the profiles of larger particles (e.g. CN  >  100 nm) are controlled by the same processes as the component mass profiles, plus the size distribution of primary emissions. We also show that the processes that affect the AOD-normalised radiative forcing in the model are predominantly those that affect the vertical mass distribution, in particular convective transport, in-cloud scavenging, aqueous oxidation, ageing and the vertical extent of biomass-burning emissions.
Iranian Nurses’ Experiences on Obstacles of Safe Drug Administration: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Soltanian Mitra , Molazem Zahra , Mohammadi Eesa , Sharif Farkhondeh , Rakhshan Mahnaz 
Published: February 2016

<p><strong>Background</strong><strong>: </strong>Safety maintenance and prevention of damage to patients caused by errors in nursing have a special importance, and a lack of sufficient attention to the correct principles of drug administration can lead to the patient' health threats and reducing safety.</p><p>The administration of drugs is complex and influenced by many factors, particularly in pediatric wards; thus, the present study aimed to explain pediatric nurses' experiences on obstacles to safe drug administration.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong><strong>: </strong>In this study, the qualitative approach and content analysis method were used. Twenty pediatric nurses involved in medication administration were selected for participation using purposive sampling. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Using continuous analysis, data collection and comparison were performed at the same time.</p><p><strong>Results</strong><strong>:</strong> From the data analysis, 4 main themes were extracted. Working pressure, lack of drug resources, insufficient colleague performance, and lack of experience and knowledge in drug administration were four main themes obtained from study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>:</strong><strong> </strong>Care managers can identify obstacles to safe medication administration to improve patient safety. For which necessary measures must be taken to remove them and to enhance patient safe care provided by nurses. </p>
Aisčiai ir jų istorija
Authors: Jovaiša Eugenijus 
Published: February 2016

Aisčiai ir jų istorija pastaraisiais metais tapo mokslinių ir kartais istorijos mėgėjų minčių keitimosi lauku. Įvairiuose leidiniuose ir konferencijose svarstoma, ar gotai yra tie patys aisčiai, arba, kitaip sakant, vakarų baltai, ar jie griovė Romos imperiją, kaip jie dalyvavo Didžiajame tautų kraustymesi. Vieniems šios mintys yra mokslinio tyrimo dalykas, kuriame priimamos įvairios galimybės ir keliami argumentai. Kitiems – net mintis apie tai, kad aisčiai drauge su kitomis gentimis dalyvavo Europos kūrimo procesuose regisi tiesiog neįmanoma. Ir čia daug kas priklauso nuo autorių pasirengimo įsitraukti į to įdomaus ir mūsų istorijai reikšmingo laikotarpio tyrinėjimą. Čia skelbiamos pastabos yra atsakas į tuos darbus, kuriuose susidūrė nuomonių įvairovė apie aisčius ir gotus, apie aisčius ir jų kaimynus slavus, apie aistiškų galindų Didžiosios migracijos aspektus.
Le recours aux approches réflexives dans les métiers relationnels : modélisation des conceptions de la réflexivité
Authors: Chouinard Isabelle , Caron Jessie 
Published: February 2016

Le développement de l’industrie tertiaire a accru l’intérêt de la communauté scientifique envers la relation de service et les compétences professionnelles des métiers relationnels. Les institutions de formation ont également adapté leurs programmes afin de garantir l’acquisition des étudiants de ces nouvelles compétences. Pourtant, les connaissances sur le sujet demeurent encore imparfaites. Ceci est d’autant plus préoccupant que les professions ont l’obligation de rendre compte de leurs productions. Pour répondre à cette exigence, le recours aux approches réflexives est devenu courant. Malgré la multiplication de ces approches, peu de données sont disponibles sur la façon dont elles sont conçues et utilisées. Afin d’en dégager les perspectives actuelles, cet article expose les résultats d’une analyse de la documentation scientifique sur la réflexivité dans quatre métiers relationnels : le travail social, l’éducation, les sciences infirmières et la psychologie. Après avoir présenté ces conceptions, les enjeux qu’elles soulèvent seront discutés.
Reconsideration of the spin–orbit interaction for an electron confined in a quasi-two-dimensional quantum dot: II. Bulkiness and in-plane spin–orbit coupling
Authors: Yamagami Takuma , Ido Kota , Takeda Kyozaburo , Tokura Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We solve the Pauli equation for the quasi-two-dimensional (2D) quantum dot (QD) system numerically by employing the finite difference technique, and reconsider how bulkiness changes the electronic structure through the spin–orbit (SO) interaction. By decomposing the internal SO coupling induced by the confinement potential into the out-of-plane and in-plane components, we demonstrate that the in-plane SO coupling produces the characteristic electronic structure having the opposite spin hybridization. The second-order perturbation approach reveals that this in-plane SO coupling has a function similar to that of Rashba SO coupling and produces the symmetry-broken spin distribution via the interstate interference. We further determine the spin precession by the internal SO coupling and investigate the optimal spin polarization to reduce the spin “fluctuation” effectively.
Damage Effects on Bacille Calmette‐Guérin by Low‐Frequency, Low‐Intensity Ultrasound
Authors: Su Hang , Li Zhe , Dong Yuan , Jiang He-Xun , Zheng Hui-Min , Du Yong-Hong , Wu Junru , Wang Zhi-Biao 
Published: February 2016

ObjectivesTo perform an in vitro experimental study of the possible damage effects on Bacille Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) by low‐frequency (42‐kHz) ultrasound (US) irradiation at low spatially and temporally averaged intensities and different exposure times.MethodsA 2‐mL BCG suspension was added to the wells of a 24‐well cell culture plate. Then the samples were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group including 3 wells, with group 1 as a control group and groups 2, 3, and 4, as US treatment groups. The samples for groups 2, 3, and 4 were irradiated with US at 0.13 W/cm2 for 5 minutes, 0.13 W/cm2 for 15 minutes, and 1.53 W/cm2 for 15 minutes, respectively. After irradiation, the temperature, ratio of damage, and structure of the bacteria were examined. The cavitation effect of the device was detected by the passive cavitation detection method.ResultsAfter US irradiation at the different doses (intensity and exposure time), no significant temperature change was found in all sample suspensions. The ratio of bacterial damage tested by flow cytometry and the optical density of the suspensions as assayed by the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric method showed that the US‐irradiated groups were significantly different from the control group. The BCG damage ratio reached 28% at the intensity of 1.53 W/cm2. Transmission electron microscopic results showed that the bacterial structure of BCG could be destroyed by low‐frequency, low‐intensity US.ConclusionsLow‐frequency, low‐intensity US can cause acute injury to BCG, and the degree of injury is closely correlated with the US dose applied.
Unilateral Fetal Renal Abnormalities
Authors: Clinton Chelsea M. , Chasen Stephen T. 
Published: February 2016

ObjectivesOur objective was to describe the association between unilateral fetal renal abnormalities and other major anomalies that were not apparent in the second trimester.MethodsA review of the ultrasound database identified fetuses with suspected unilateral renal agenesis, unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney, and renal ectopia from 2005 to 2014. Neonatal records were reviewed to identify anomalies not suspected in the second trimester, and postnatal imaging studies were reviewed. Categorical data were compared by &x003C7;2 analysis and the Fisher exact test.ResultsWe identified 102 cases, including 36 with suspected renal agenesis, 28 with suspected multicystic dysplastic kidney, and 38 with suspected renal ectopia. There were 8 cases (7.8%) with major anomalies not suspected in the second trimester. In 5 cases (4.9%), there were no associated findings in the second trimester. There were no significant differences in the rates of unsuspected abnormalities between the 3 groups. There was a trend toward a higher rate of unsuspected anomalies in the cases with a single umbilical artery compared to those with a 3‐vessel cord (28.6% vs 6.3%; P= .09).ConclusionsIn fetuses with unilateral renal abnormalities, major anomalies that were not suspected in the second trimester were uncommon. However, patients should be aware of the possibility that other major anomalies could subsequently be identified, and the outcome may depend on more than postnatal renal function.
Prey‐mediated behavioral responses of feeding blue whales in controlled sound exposure experiments
Authors: Friedlaender A. S. , Hazen E. L. , Goldbogen J. A. , Stimpert A. K. , Calambokidis J. , Southall B. L. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBehavioral response studies provide significant insights into the nature, magnitude, and consequences of changes in animal behavior in response to some external stimulus. Controlled exposure experiments (CEEs) to study behavioral response have faced challenges in quantifying the importance of and interaction among individual variability, exposure conditions, and environmental covariates. To investigate these complex parameters relative to blue whale behavior and how it may change as a function of certain sounds, we deployed multi‐sensor acoustic tags and conducted CEEs using simulated mid‐frequency active sonar (MFAS) and pseudo‐random noise (PRN) stimuli, while collecting synoptic, quantitative prey measures. In contrast to previous approaches that lacked such prey data, our integrated approach explained substantially more variance in blue whale dive behavioral responses to mid‐frequency sounds (r2 = 0.725 vs. 0.14 previously). Results demonstrate that deep‐feeding whales respond more clearly and strongly to CEEs than those in other behavioral states, but this was only evident with the increased explanatory power provided by incorporating prey density and distribution as contextual covariates. Including contextual variables increases the ability to characterize behavioral variability and empirically strengthens previous findings that deep‐feeding blue whales respond significantly to mid‐frequency sound exposure. However, our results are only based on a single behavioral state with a limited sample size, and this analytical framework should be applied broadly across behavioral states. The increased capability to describe and account for individual response variability by including environmental variables, such as prey, that drive foraging behavior underscores the importance of integrating these and other relevant contextual parameters in experimental designs. Our results suggest the need to measure and account for the ecological dynamics of predator–prey interactions when studying the effects of anthropogenic disturbance in feeding animals.
Are quartz LPOs predictably oriented with respect to the shear zone boundary?: A test from the Alpine Fault mylonites, New Zealand
Authors: Little Timothy A. , Prior David J. , Toy Virginia G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe Alpine fault self‐exhumes its own ductile shear zone roots and has a known slip kinematics. Within ∼1 km of the fault, the mylonitic foliation is subparallel to the boundary of the amphibolite‐facies ductile shear zone in which it formed. Using EBSD, we analyzed quartz Lattice Preferred Orientations [LPOs) of mylonites along a central part of the Alpine Fault. All LPOs feature a strongest girdle of [c]‐axes that is forward‐inclined ∼28 ± 4° away from the pole to the fault. A maximum of <a> axes is inclined at the same angle relative the fault. The [c]‐axis girdle is perpendicular to extensional (C') shear bands and the <a> maximum is parallel to their slip direction. [c]‐axis girdles do not form perpendicular to the SZB. Schmid factor analysis suggests that σ1 was arranged at 60–80° to the Alpine Fault. These observations indicate ductile transpression in the shear zone. The inclined arrangement of [c]‐axis girdles, <a> axes, and C' planes relative to the fault can be explained by their alignment relative to planes of maximum shear‐strain‐rate in a general shear zone, a significant new insight regarding shear zones and how LPO fabrics may generally develop within them. For the Alpine mylonite zone, our data imply a kinematic vorticity number (Wk) of ∼0.7 to ∼0.85. Inversions of seismic focal mechanisms in the brittle crust of the Southern Alps indicate that σ1 is oriented ∼60° to the Alpine Fault; that shear bands form at ∼30° to this direction, and that σ2 and σ3 flip positions between the brittle and ductile parts of the crust.
Ionosonde tracking of infrasound wavefronts in the thermosphere launched by seismic waves after the 2010 M8.8 Chile earthquake
Authors: Maruyama Takashi , Yusupov Kamil , Akchurin Adel 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIonospheric disturbances associated with the M8.8 Chile earthquake (35.91°S, 72.73°W) on 27 February 2010 were observed at Kazan, Russia (55.85°N, 48.81°E). Rapid‐run ionograms at 1 min intervals exhibited multiple‐cusp signatures (MCSs) for more than 30 min, which have been observed several times after large earthquakes. The ionospheric disturbances were caused by infrasound propagating upward in the atmosphere, which modified the electron density distribution through ion‐neutral collisions. The anomaly of the vertical electron density distribution responsible for the MCSs was analyzed by converting the ionogram traces into real height profiles. The density profiles at 1 min intervals allowed the tracking of the vertical propagation of infrasound and provided information on parameters of acoustic waves, which was not possible from the previous measurements such as standard ionograms at 5–15 min intervals, HF Doppler soundings, and total electron content using satellite beacon signals. The speed of acoustic waves in the thermosphere was evaluated from the consecutive ionograms with MCSs, and it was found that the thermospheric temperature was slightly higher than that calculated using the Mass Spectrometer and Incoherent Scatter Radar empirical model (NRLMSISE‐00).