bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions between second mode and low-frequency waves in a hypersonic boundary layer
Authors: Chen Xi , Zhu Yiding , Lee Cunbiao 
Published: May 2017

The stability of a hypersonic boundary layer on a flared cone was analysed for the same flow conditions as in earlier experiments (Zhang et al., Acta Mech. Sinica, vol. 29, 2013, pp. 48–53; Zhu et al., AIAA J., vol. 54, 2016, pp. 3039–3049). Three instabilities in the flared region, i.e. the first mode, the second mode and the Görtler mode, were identified using linear stability theory (LST). The nonlinear-parabolized stability equations (NPSE) were used in an extensive parametric study of the interactions between the second mode and the single low-frequency mode (the Görtler mode or the first mode). The analysis shows that waves with frequencies below 30 kHz are heavily amplified. These low-frequency disturbances evolve linearly at first and then abruptly transition to parametric resonance. The parametric resonance, which is well described by Floquet theory, can be either a combination resonance (for non-zero frequencies) or a fundamental resonance (for steady waves) of the secondary instability. Moreover, the resonance depends only on the saturated state of the second mode and is insensitive to the initial low-frequency mode profiles and the streamwise curvature, so this resonance is probably observable in boundary layers over straight cones. Analysis of the kinetic energy transfer further shows that the rapid growth of the low-frequency mode is due to the action of the Reynolds stresses. The same mechanism also describes the interactions between a second-mode wave and a pair of low-frequency waves. The only difference is that the fundamental and combination resonances can coexist. Qualitative agreement with the experimental results is achieved.
Morphological disparity and systematic revision of the eocrinoid genusRhopalocystis(Echinodermata, Blastozoa) from the Lower Ordovician of the central Anti-Atlas (Morocco)
Authors: Allaire Ninon , Lefebvre Bertrand , Nardin Elise , Martin Emmanuel L.O. , Vaucher Romain , Escarguel Gilles 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe genusRhopalocystis(Eocrinoidea, Blastozoa) is characterized by both a short stratigraphic range (Fezouata Shale, middle Tremadocian to middle Floian, Lower Ordovician) and a reduced geographic extension (Agdz-Zagora area, central Anti-Atlas, Morocco). Since the original description of its type species (R. destombesiUbaghs, 1963), three successive revisions of the genusRhopalocystishave led to the erection of nine additional species. The morphological disparity within this genus is here critically reassessed on the basis of both historical material and new recently collected samples. The detailed examination of all specimens, coupled with morphometric and cladistic analyses, points toward a relatively strong support for five morphotypes. A systematic revision ofRhopalocystisis thus suggested, with only five valid taxa:R. destombesi, R. fragaChauvel, 1971, R. grandisChauvel, 1971, R. havlicekiChauvel, 1978, andR. zagoraensisChauvel, 1971. The five others are considered as junior synonyms (R. dehirensisChauvel and Régnault, 1986,R. lehmaniChauvel and Régnault, 1986,R. sp. A,R. sp. B, andR. sp. C).
Positive and Negative Consequences of Making Coffee among Breakfast Related Irrelevant Objects: Evidence from MCI, Dementia, and Healthy Ageing
Authors: Rodríguez-Bailón María , García-Morán Tamara , Montoro-Membila Nuria , Ródenas-García Estrella , Montoro Marisa Arnedo , Funes Molina María Jesús 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectives: Previous studies have reported impairments in activities of daily living (ADL) performance in the presence of irrelevant but physically/functionally related objects in dementia patients. The aim of the present study was to increase our knowledge about the impact of the presence of contextually related non-target objects on ADL execution in patients with multi-domain mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Methods: We compared ADL execution in patients with MCI, dementia, and healthy elderly participants under two experimental conditions: One in which the target objects were embedded with contextually related non-target items that constituted the object set necessary to complete two additional (but unrequired) ADL tasks related to the target task, and a second, control condition where target objects were surrounded by isolated objects (they never constituted a whole set needed to complete an alternative ADL task). Results: Separate analysis of ADL errors associated with the target task versus errors involving the non-target objects revealed that, although the presence of contextually related objects facilitated the accomplishment of the target task, such a condition also led to errors involving the use of irrelevant objects in dementia and MCI. Conclusions: The presence of contextually related non-target items produces both positive and negative effects on ADL performance. These types of non-target objects might help to cue the retrieval of the action schema related to the target task, particularly in patients with MCI. In contrast, the presence of these objects might also lead to distraction in dementia and MCI. (JINS, 2017, 23, 481–492)
Earnings volatility and 401(k) contributions
Authors: GHILARDUCCI TERESA , SAAD-LESSLER JOELLE , REZNIK GAYLE 
Published: May 2017

AbstractUsing longitudinal Survey of Income and Program Participation data linked to Social Security Administration administrative records from 2009 and 2012, we find negative economic shocks cause 401(k) contribution behavior to react in ways consistent with reactions to fear and past trauma. If employees participating in 401(k) plans did not experience real earnings declines or unemployment spells between 2009 and 2012, then their contribution rates would have been 5% higher and each person would have contributed US $193 more toward their defined contribution plan accounts. We conclude that previous studies may have swung too far in emphasizing inertia as a primary behavior trait explaining workers’ 401(k) plan engagement. Reactive behavior to protect living standards by reducing retirement savings is also important.
High-yielding winter synthetic hexaploid wheats resistant to multiple diseases and pests
Authors: Morgounov Alexey , Abugalieva Aygul , Akan Kadir , Akın Beyhan , Baenziger Stephen , Bhatta Madhav , Dababat Abdelfattah A. , Demir Lütfü , Dutbayev Yerlan , El Bouhssini Moustapha , Erginbaş-Orakci Gül , Kishii Masahiro , Keser Mesut , Koç Emrah , Kurespek Altynbek , Mujeeb-Kazi Abdul , Yorgancılar Aysel , Özdemir Fatih , Özturk Ibrahim , Payne Thomas , Qadimaliyeva Gular , Shamanin Vladimir , Subasi Kemal , Suleymanova Gulnura , Yakişir Enes , Zelenskiy Yuriy 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDevelopment of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) synthetics started at CIMMYT-Mexico in 2004, when winter durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) germplasm from Ukraine and Romania was crossed with Aegilops tauschii accessions from the Caspian Sea region. Chromosomes were doubled after pollination and embryo rescue, but chromosome number and cytological validation was not performed. F2 populations were grown in Mexico and were shipped to Turkey in 2008. During 2009–2015, these populations were subjected to rigorous pedigree selection under dry, cold, disease-affected environments of the Central Anatolian Plateau. The wide segregation and partial sterility observed in 2009 gradually decreased and, by 2016, most of the F8 single spike progenies demonstrated good fertility and agronomic performance. Since 2013, lines have been selected from synthetic populations and evaluated at multiple sites. Superior lines were characterized for resistance to leaf, stripe and stem rust, plant height, and reaction to common bunt and soil-borne pathogens. Thousand kernel weight of many lines exceeded 50 g, compared with the check varieties that barely reached 40 g. Threshability of synthetic lines varied from 0 to 95%, demonstrating genetic variation for this important domestication trait. Screening against Hessian fly, sunny pest and Russian wheat aphid identified several resistant genotypes. Both durum and Aegilops parents affected synthetic wheat traits. Several studies are underway to reveal the genetic diversity of synthetic lines and the basis of resistance to diseases and insects. This synthetic germplasm represents a new winter bread wheat parental pool. It is available upon request to interested breeding/research programmes.
Law and compassion: between ethics and economy, philosophical speculation and arche-ology
Authors: Diamantides Marinos 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between law and compassion from the perspective of two diverse scholars. For philosopher Emmanuel Levinas, rejecting the ideahomo homini lupus,there can simply be no organised societybutfor a primordial, unauthorised, human vocation for compassion (egoism and violence, for him, are nothing but attempts to repress this). Levinas, however, must be understood, as speaking of compassion not in the usual sense, that is as involving a human capacity for, and cultures of, empathy; he defines it, rather, in phenomenological terms, as an irreducible excess of affectivity for the ultimately meaningless suffering of another, beyond all theodicy and causality, whom one is ethically commanded to offer succour to as if s/he is a ‘higher’ and absolutely unique Other, prior to any comparison and judgment. General legal principles and rigorous rules, Natural Justice and positive law are equally ‘born’ of such an-archic, individuated, compassion for which one can only retroactively account. Justice is ‘born’ as one attempts to justify to third parties why one's care benefits some but not others; the paper argues that this perspective is preferable to prioritising empathic compassion over law for it binds compassion with responsibility. Turning to Giorgio Agamben, the role of compassion takes on a darker character; his historicised investigations of the ‘Western-Christian’ paradigm shows how the Greek and Roman legal principles ofepieikeiaandaequitasmerged with the Christian postulates of God-dictated philanthropy and ‘divine economy’ (Gr:oikonomia), leading to – instead of ethical anarchy followed by with infinite responsibility (Levinas) –anomie,legal exceptionalism and social control via patronage and other biopolitical practices to spectacles of compassion. This suggests that what Levinas calls ‘ethical anarchy’ has been captured by economic rationality and endless processes of anomic management that are equally free of ethical constraints as they are from legal and political decision. With reference to contemporary examples from the ‘law and emotion’ debates, medical laws and humanitarianism, the paper asks the reader to ponder upon the importance, if any, of Levinas's thesis in a world where the expediency of managerial rationality, the secular heir of divineoikonomia,prevails over moral, legal and political principle.
Pathologisches Hautzupfen/-quetschen (Skin Picking)
Authors: Mehrmann Linda M. , Hunger Antje , Gerlach Alexander L. 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Pathologisches Hautzupfen/-quetschen (Dermatillomanie) ist mit der Aufnahme in das DSM-5 eine anerkannte psychische Störung. Fragestellung: Die Arbeit überprüft zwei Messinstrumente auf ihre psychometrische Güte: Die modifizierte deutsche Übersetzung der Skin Picking Scale (mSPS-D) und die Skin Picking Impact Scale (SPIS-D). Methode: Mittels einer Online-Erhebung wurden die Fragebögen an einer von Dermatillomanie betroffenen Stichprobe psychometrisch und faktorenanalytisch untersucht. Ergebnisse: Für die mSPS-D wurden für drei Subskalen sowie die Gesamtskala gute bis sehr gute Reliabilitätswerte (α = .76 – .81) ermittelt. Für den SPIS-D konnte die Faktorenstruktur der Kurzversion repliziert werden (α = .81). Beide Fragebögen können damit als reliable, valide und ökonomische Messinstrumente zur Erfassung von Pathologischem Hautzupfen/-quetschen gelten. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Messinstrumente bieten eine gute Grundlage für die weitere Erforschung des Pathologischen Hautzupfen/-quetschens.
Genomic exploration of individual giant ocean viruses
Authors: Wilson William H , Gilg Ilana C , Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Field Erin K , Koren Sergey , LeCleir Gary R , Martínez Martínez Joaquín , Poulton Nicole J , Swan Brandon K , Stepanauskas Ramunas , Wilhelm Steven W 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Viruses are major pathogens in all biological systems. Virus propagation and downstream analysis remains a challenge, particularly in the ocean where the majority of their microbial hosts remain recalcitrant to current culturing techniques. We used a cultivation-independent approach to isolate and sequence individual viruses. The protocol uses high-speed fluorescence-activated virus sorting flow cytometry, multiple displacement amplification (MDA), and downstream genomic sequencing. We focused on ‘giant viruses’ that are readily distinguishable by flow cytometry. From a single-milliliter sample of seawater collected from off the dock at Boothbay Harbor, ME, USA, we sorted almost 700 single virus particles, and subsequently focused on a detailed genome analysis of 12. A wide diversity of viruses was identified that included Iridoviridae, extended Mimiviridae and even a taxonomically novel (unresolved) giant virus. We discovered a viral metacaspase homolog in one of our sorted virus particles and discussed its implications in rewiring host metabolism to enhance infection. In addition, we demonstrated that viral metacaspases are widespread in the ocean. We also discovered a virus that contains both a reverse transcriptase and a transposase; although highly speculative, we suggest such a genetic complement would potentially allow this virus to exploit a latency propagation mechanism. Application of single virus genomics provides a powerful opportunity to circumvent cultivation of viruses, moving directly to genomic investigation of naturally occurring viruses, with the assurance that the sequence data is virus-specific, non-chimeric and contains no cellular contamination.
Image-guided genomics of phenotypically heterogeneous populations reveals vascular signalling during symbiotic collective cancer invasion
Authors: Konen J. , Summerbell E. , Dwivedi B. , Galior K. , Hou Y. , Rusnak L. , Chen A. , Saltz J. , Zhou W. , Boise L. H. , Vertino P. , Cooper L. , Salaita K. , Kowalski J. , Marcus A. I. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPhenotypic heterogeneity is widely observed in cancer cell populations. Here, to probe this heterogeneity, we developed an image-guided genomics technique termed spatiotemporal genomic and cellular analysis (SaGA) that allows for precise selection and amplification of living and rare cells. SaGA was used on collectively invading 3D cancer cell packs to create purified leader and follower cell lines. The leader cell cultures are phenotypically stable and highly invasive in contrast to follower cultures, which show phenotypic plasticity over time and minimally invade in a sheet-like pattern. Genomic and molecular interrogation reveals an atypical VEGF-based vasculogenesis signalling that facilitates recruitment of follower cells but not for leader cell motility itself, which instead utilizes focal adhesion kinase-fibronectin signalling. While leader cells provide an escape mechanism for followers, follower cells in turn provide leaders with increased growth and survival. These data support a symbiotic model of collective invasion where phenotypically distinct cell types cooperate to promote their escape.
Giant five-photon absorption from multidimensional core-shell halide perovskite colloidal nanocrystals
Authors: Chen Weiqiang , Bhaumik Saikat , Veldhuis Sjoerd A. , Xing Guichuan , Xu Qiang , Grätzel Michael , Mhaisalkar Subodh , Mathews Nripan , Sum Tze Chien 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMultiphoton absorption processes enable many technologically important applications, such as in vivo imaging, photodynamic therapy and optical limiting, and so on. Specifically, higher-order nonlinear absorption such as five-photon absorption offers significant advantages of greater spatial confinement, increased penetration depth, reduced autofluorescence, enhanced sensitivity and improved resolution over lower orders in bioimaging. Organic chromophores and conventional semiconductor nanocrystals are leaders in two-/three-photon absorption applications, but face considerable challenges from their small five-photon action cross-sections. Herein, we reveal that the family of halide perovskite colloidal nanocrystals transcend these constraints with highly efficient five-photon-excited upconversion fluorescence—unprecedented for semiconductor nanocrystals. Amazingly, their multidimensional type I (both conduction and valence band edges of core lie within bandgap of shell) core–shell (three-dimensional methylammonium lead bromide/two-dimensional octylammonium lead bromide) perovskite nanocrystals exhibit five-photon action cross-sections that are at least 9 orders larger than state-of-the-art specially designed organic molecules. Importantly, this family of halide perovskite nanocrystals may enable fresh approaches for next-generation multiphoton imaging applications.
PTEN regulates glioblastoma oncogenesis through chromatin-associated complexes of DAXX and histone H3.3
Authors: Benitez Jorge A. , Ma Jianhui , D’Antonio Matteo , Boyer Antonia , Camargo Maria Fernanda , Zanca Ciro , Kelly Stephen , Khodadadi-Jamayran Alireza , Jameson Nathan M. , Andersen Michael , Miletic Hrvoje , Saberi Shahram , Frazer Kelly A. , Cavenee Webster K. , Furnari Frank B. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal type of human brain cancer, where deletions and mutations in the tumour suppressor gene PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) are frequent events and are associated with therapeutic resistance. Herein, we report a novel chromatin-associated function of PTEN in complex with the histone chaperone DAXX and the histone variant H3.3. We show that PTEN interacts with DAXX and, in turn PTEN directly regulates oncogene expression by modulating DAXX-H3.3 association on the chromatin, independently of PTEN enzymatic activity. Furthermore, DAXX inhibition specifically suppresses tumour growth and improves the survival of orthotopically engrafted mice implanted with human PTEN-deficient glioma samples, associated with global H3.3 genomic distribution changes leading to upregulation of tumour suppressor genes and downregulation of oncogenes. Moreover, DAXX expression anti-correlates with PTEN expression in GBM patient samples. Since loss of chromosome 10 and PTEN are common events in cancer, this synthetic growth defect mediated by DAXX suppression represents a therapeutic opportunity to inhibit tumorigenesis specifically in the context of PTEN deletion.
Phosphorylation induces sequence-specific conformational switches in the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain
Authors: Gibbs Eric B. , Lu Feiyue , Portz Bede , Fisher Michael J. , Medellin Brenda P. , Laremore Tatiana N. , Zhang Yan Jessie , Gilmour David S. , Showalter Scott A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) large subunit cycles through phosphorylation states that correlate with progression through the transcription cycle and regulate nascent mRNA processing. Structural analyses of yeast and mammalian CTD are hampered by their repetitive sequences. Here we identify a region of the Drosophila melanogaster CTD that is essential for Pol II function in vivo and capitalize on natural sequence variations within it to facilitate structural analysis. Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy reveal that hyper-Ser5 phosphorylation transforms the local structure of this region via proline isomerization. The sequence context of this switch tunes the activity of the phosphatase Ssu72, leading to the preferential de-phosphorylation of specific heptads. Together, context-dependent conformational switches and biased dephosphorylation suggest a mechanism for the selective recruitment of cis-proline-specific regulatory factors and region-specific modulation of the CTD code that may augment gene regulation in developmentally complex organisms.
Tunable and low-loss correlated plasmons in Mott-like insulating oxides
Authors: Asmara Teguh Citra , Wan Dongyang , Zhao Yongliang , Majidi Muhammad Aziz , Nelson Christopher T. , Scott Mary C. , Cai Yao , Yan Bixing , Schmidt Daniel , Yang Ming , Zhu Tao , Trevisanutto Paolo E. , Motapothula Mallikarjuna R. , Feng Yuan Ping , Breese Mark B. H. , Sherburne Matthew , Asta Mark , Minor Andrew , Venkatesan T. , Rusydi Andrivo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPlasmonics has attracted tremendous interests for its ability to confine light into subwavelength dimensions, creating novel devices with unprecedented functionalities. New plasmonic materials are actively being searched, especially those with tunable plasmons and low loss in the visible–ultraviolet range. Such plasmons commonly occur in metals, but many metals have high plasmonic loss in the optical range, a main issue in current plasmonic research. Here, we discover an anomalous form of tunable correlated plasmons in a Mott-like insulating oxide from the Sr1−xNb1−yO3+δ family. These correlated plasmons have multiple plasmon frequencies and low loss in the visible–ultraviolet range. Supported by theoretical calculations, these plasmons arise from the nanometre-spaced confinement of extra oxygen planes that enhances the unscreened Coulomb interactions among charges. The correlated plasmons are tunable: they diminish as extra oxygen plane density or film thickness decreases. Our results open a path for plasmonics research in previously untapped insulating and strongly-correlated materials.
An integrated parity-time symmetric wavelength-tunable single-mode microring laser
Authors: Liu Weilin , Li Ming , Guzzon Robert S. , Norberg Erik J. , Parker John S. , Lu Mingzhi , Coldren Larry A. , Yao Jianping 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMode control in a laser cavity is critical for a stable single-mode operation of a ring laser. In this study we propose and experimentally demonstrate an electrically pumped parity-time (PT)-symmetric microring laser with precise mode control, to achieve wavelength-tunable single-mode lasing with an improved mode suppression ratio. The proposed PT-symmetric laser is implemented based on a photonic integrated circuit consisting of two mutually coupled active microring resonators. By incorporating multiple semiconductor optical amplifiers in the microring resonators, the PT-symmetry condition can be achieved by a precise manipulation of the interplay between the gain and loss in the two microring resonators, and the incorporation of phase modulators in the microring resonators enables continuous wavelength tuning. Single-mode lasing at 1,554.148 nm with a sidemode suppression ratio exceeding 36 dB is demonstrated and the lasing wavelength is continuously tunable from 1,553.800 to 1,554.020 nm.