bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bold rats (Niviventer confucianus) are more effective in seed dispersal: evidence both under enclosure conditions and in the field
Authors: CHENG Jiming , HE Huimin , ZHENG Linlin , ZHANG Chao , WANG Xiaorong , HU Xingyi , NIU Hongyu , ZHANG Hongmao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRodents are important seed dispersers of plants because they move seeds far away from the parent trees and hoard seeds in the soil, benefiting seed dispersal and regeneration. Traits of plant seeds and animals are associated with rodent‐mediated seed dispersal, but animal personality, the consistent individual behavioral differences in time and environments, has not been fully considered. Here, we first measured the personality of 26 Niviventer confucianus in the laboratory, and 10 individuals in the field of one population, and then tested their behavior of seed consumption and hoarding both in semi‐natural enclosures and the field. We tested the hypothesis that individuals with different personalities have different preferences for seed consumption and hoarding, which has different implications for seed dispersal and regeneration. Under the enclosure conditions, all parameters of personality are repeatable; bold individuals harvested fewer seeds but scatter‐hoarded more seeds and dispersed farther than timid ones, whereas active individuals consumed more seeds, but left fewer seeds on the ground surface than inactive ones. In the field, boldness, activity, and exploration of the animals are repeatable; bold individuals scatter‐hoarded more seeds to farther distances than timid ones, whereas active individuals harvested and consumed more seeds than inactive ones. These results suggest that bold rats tended to scatter hoard seeds and disperse them to a longer distance, implying they are more effective in seed dispersal. In the future, animal personality (e.g. boldness and activity) should be considered in seed dispersal studies and ecological‐based manipulation in seed dispersal and regeneration of forests.
Enhancing value creation through stakeholder engagement in sustainable mega‐events: The case of Expo 2020 Dubai legacy
Authors: Moggi Sara , Giacomo Fabietti , Elisa Isonni 
Published: September 2024

AbstractValue creation by mega‐events is still an underdeveloped issue. Through their legacy, mega‐events can create long‐term value for the local community hosting the event. In determining the importance of practices for increasing value creation, stakeholder engagement is growing in defining mega‐events features and possible legacies. The study aims to understand how stakeholder engagement can enhance value creation through sustainable events legacy after mega‐events. In doing so, the research analyses the practices and the processes of stakeholder engagement adopted by Expo 2020 Dubai. This unique case study presents an extensive range of stakeholder engagement practices that enhanced the value co‐creation of a mega‐event legacy. Following the three phases of a mega‐event development (pre–during–post), the stakeholder engagement tools were adapted to meet accountability needs and stakeholders’ claims.
Decreased cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein (CIRP) binding to GluRl on neuronal membranes mediates memory impairment resulting from prolonged hypobaric hypoxia exposure
Authors: Jiang Hui , Lu Chenyan , Wu Haoyang , Ding Jie , Li Jiayan , Ding Jianfeng , Gao Yuqi , Wang Guohua , Luo Qianqian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying memory impairment induced by high‐altitude (HA) hypoxia, specifically focusing on the role of cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein (CIRP) in regulating the AMPA receptor subunit GluR1 and its potential as a therapeutic target.MethodsA mouse model was exposed to 14 days of hypobaric hypoxia (HH), simulating conditions at an altitude of 6000 m. Behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate memory function. The expression, distribution, and interaction of CIRP with GluR1 in neuronal cells were analyzed. The binding of CIRP to GluR1 mRNA and its impact on GluR1 protein expression were examined. Additionally, the role of CIRP in GluR1 regulation was assessed using Cirp knockout mice. The efficacy of the Tat‐C16 peptide, which consists of the Tat sequence combined with the CIRP 110‐125 amino acid sequence, was also tested for its ability to mitigate HH‐induced memory decline.ResultsCIRP was primarily localized in neurons, with its expression significantly reduced following HH exposure. This reduction was associated with decreased GluR1 protein expression on the cell membrane and increased localization in the cytoplasm. The interaction between CIRP and GluR1 was diminished under HH conditions, leading to reduced GluR1 stability on the cell membrane and increased cytoplasmic relocation. These changes resulted in a decreased number of synapses and dendritic spines, impairing learning and memory functions. Administration of the Tat‐C16 peptide effectively ameliorated these impairments by modulating GluR1 expression and distribution in HH‐exposed mice.ConclusionCIRP plays a critical role in maintaining synaptic integrity under hypoxic conditions by regulating GluR1 expression and distribution. The Tat‐C16 peptide shows promise as a therapeutic strategy for alleviating cognitive decline associated with HA hypoxia.
Adept adaptation and intelligent employment of ancient Arabic heritage: A reading in the poetry of Muhammad al‐Thubayti, a modern Saudi poet
Authors: Alwaqaa Mujahid Ahmed Muhammed 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis research attempts to analyze Arabic heritage elements employed in Muhammad al‐Thubayti's poetry as his poetry highlights modern issues. Heritage becomes a cornerstone in al‐Thubayti's poetry for it produces new meanings and contexts. It is used in visionary and creative ways enabling him to shape his poetic experiences. Heritage is no longer sacred or static, but it is manipulated in a way that serves the poet's messages. Thus, this paper shows how al‐Thubayti explores the present frustrations and failures at individual and national levels by employing heritage and symbols balancing between his belonging to this heritage and his creative and experimental poetic experience. Through the intelligent adaptation of heritage, he makes connections between the past and modern life to reveal the dilemmas of the present and the glory of the past. The research's main contribution is to shed a new light into the race, milieu, and experience of al‐Thubayti's poetry through utilizing Arabic heritage. This research examines four poems taken from al‐Thubayti's diwan (poetry collection), Tahjit hulman, tahjit wahman [I Spell out a Dream, I Spell out an Illusion]. As a theoretical framework, the analysis of the poems is based on historical theory and formalism.
Personal Attributes Contributing to Chinese EFL Students' Well‐being: Uncovering the Role of Mindfulness and Grit
Authors: Tu Hong , Shi Han 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe role of students' well‐being in their academic development and growth has been reported in the literature. Nonetheless, most of the previous studies have revolved around the predictive role of interpersonal factors in students' well‐being, and the influence of personal factors is overlooked. To bridge this gap, this study probed the role of two personal attributes, namely mindfulness and grit, in English students' well‐being. To accomplish this, three valid questionnaires were sent to 623 Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) students chosen from different language institutes in China. Following that, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) were implemented to analyse the potential associations between mindfulness, grit, and well‐being, as well as the role of mindfulness and grit in Chinese students' well‐being. The results demonstrated that Chinese students' well‐being was tightly associated with their mindfulness and grit. Students' grit and mindfulness could uniquely predict 59% and 64% of students' well‐being changes, respectively. The complexity and dynamic nature of positive emotions and personal attributes may also be reasons for the obtained predicting role. It is asserted that L2 practitioners should strike a balance between personality‐related factors and psychological ones to facilitate their students' well‐being.
Global Perspectives on Teacher Emotions and Agency in Higher Education: A Content and Bibliometric Analyses Over the Past Five Decades
Authors: Tran Tuyet Thi , Nguyen Thi Chi , Luong Dinh‐Hai 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study dives deep into the evolution of research on teacher emotions (TE), teacher agency (TA) and their role within higher education institutions (HEIs) from 1975 to the present. Combining a meticulous bibliometric and content analysis, the paper has painted a detailed picture of how the academic conversation has developed over nearly half a century. The approach did not just count publications but looked at how they connected globally. The study reveals a rich tapestry of international collaborations, with the United States, Australia and China standing out as key players, showcasing the global interest in this field and its interconnected insights. Another fascinating finding is the uncovering of the multifaceted dimensions of research on TE and TA and the significance of regional and global perspectives in shaping the holistic landscape of the field. The emergent themes, such as ‘Language Teacher Emotion’ and the significant impact of ‘COVID‐19’ on educational dynamics, are even more intriguing. These themes strongly indicate the field's evolution and responsiveness to the emerging challenges in the contemporary academic landscape.
Process drama and foreign language learning: A case study of preservice teachers learning French
Authors: Míguez‐Álvarez Carla 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study examines the usefulness of a Process Drama approach for supporting the development of linguistic and communication skills of preservice teachers learning French as a world language in an Early Childhood Education licensure program. Process Drama is an interactive approach to teaching language in which the teacher and students carry out a series of improvisations in the classroom, in which students perform in different types of situations while working on different subjects of the curriculum (Bowell & Heap, 2017; Glass et al., 2013) Through a pretest–posttest design and a qualitative analysis of a questionnaire, findings indicated that preservice teachers improved their pronunciation, intonation, fluency, and nonverbal language in the target language. In addition, they had positive perceptions regarding the experience and the gains they made. Finally, preservice teachers believed that this approach could be implemented with Early Childhood Education students.
Investigating the Biotic and Abiotic Drivers of Body Size Disparity in Communities of Non‐Volant Terrestrial Mammals
Authors: Gearty William , Uricchio Lawrence H. , Lyons S. Kathleen 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimThe species that compose local communities possess unique sets of functional and ecological traits that can be used as indicators of biotic and abiotic variation across space and time. Body size is a particularly relevant trait because species with different body sizes typically have different life history strategies and occupy distinct niches. Here we used the body sizes of non‐volant (i.e., non‐flying) terrestrial mammals to quantify and compare the body size disparity of mammal communities across the globe.LocationGlobal.Time PeriodPresent.Major Taxa StudiedNon‐volant terrestrial mammals.MethodsWe used IUCN range maps of 3982 terrestrial mammals to identify 1876 communities. We then combined diet data with data on climate, elevation and anthropogenic pressures to evaluate these variables' relative importance on the observed body size dispersion of these communities and its deviation from a null model.ResultsDispersion for these communities is significantly greater than expected in 54% of communities and significantly less than expected in 30% of communities. The number of very large species, continent, range sizes, diet disparity and annual temperature collectively explain > 50% of the variation in observed dispersion, whereas continent, the number of very large species, and precipitation collectively explain > 30% of the deviation from the null model.Main ConclusionsClimate and elevation have minimal predictive power, suggesting that biotic factors may be more important for explaining community body size distributions. However, continent is consistently a strong predictor of dispersion, likely due to it capturing the combined effects of climate, size‐selective human‐induced extinctions and more. Overall, our results are consistent with several plausible explanations, including, but not limited to, competitive exclusion, unequal distribution of resources, within‐community environmental heterogeneity, habitat filtering and ecosystem engineering. Further work focusing on other confounding variables, at finer spatial scales and/or within more causal frameworks is required to better understand the driver(s) of these patterns.
Cardiovascular medication adherence testing in patients living with HIV: A single‐centre observational study
Authors: Nazareth Joshua , Adebayo Ayobami , Fahad Muhammad , Karim Hanfa , Pan Daniel , Sze Shirley , Martin Christopher A. , Minhas Jatinder S. , Bernieh Dennis , Osman Hanad , Elverstone Phayre , Stephenson Iain , Gupta Pankaj , Pareek Manish 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionPeople with HIV (PWH) are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to HIV‐negative individuals. We sought to evaluate the adherence to medications for CVD in PWH and identify factors associated with non‐adherence to these medications.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust between 16 April 2019 and 8 November 2022. We recruited consecutive PWH, who were attending a routine follow‐up outpatient appointment and were prescribed at least one medication for CVD. In addition, we included urinary adherence results of patients with samples collected as part of routine clinical care. We used liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to assess if their prescribed medications (antihypertensives, diuretics, beta‐blockers, lipid‐lowering agents, antiplatelets, anticoagulants, antidiabetic medications) were present in the participant's urine sample. Multivariable models were used to identify demographic or clinical features that were associated with non‐adherence.ResultsA total of 162 PWH were included in the analysis. Median age was 55 [interquartile range (IQR): 50–61] years, 63% were male, average time living with HIV was 15 years (IQR: 11–19) and the majority (98%) had an undetectable HIV viral load. In approximately one‐third of patients (59/162), at least one prescribed medication of interest was not detected in urine. Non‐adherence to lipid‐lowering agents was common (35/88, 40%). On multivariable logistic regression, the number of prescribed cardiovascular medications, was associated with medication non‐adherence [medication non‐adherence, per one medication increase: adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.78 (1.34–2.36); p < 0.001].ConclusionWe found sub‐optimal adherence to medications for CVD in PWH. In order to maximize the clinical benefit of statin therapy in PWH, factors requiring consideration include: improved medication adherence, awareness of polypharmacy, educational interventions and quantitative assessment of sub‐optimal adherence through chemical adherence testing.
Higher consumption of ultra‐processed foods is associated with higher odds of overweight and obesity amongst under‐five children: A national cross‐sectional study in Lebanon
Authors: Chokor Fatima Al Zahraa , Ouaijan Krystel , Hwalla Nahla , Jomaa Lamis , Nasreddine Lara 
Published: September 2024

SummaryIntroductionLimited evidence exists on the relationship between ultra‐processed food (UPF) consumption and overweight/obesity amongst young children. This study aimed to assess UPF consumption, its socioeconomic correlates and its association with overweight/obesity amongst under‐five children in Lebanon.Materials and MethodsData pertinent to children aged 6 months to 4.9 years (n = 893) from a cross‐sectional national survey were used. Anthropometric measurements were obtained, and multi‐component questionnaires were administered to mothers. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24‐h recall approach. NOVA classification was used to assign food items into four groups according to the extent of industrial processing. Contributions of each group to total energy intake (EI) and macronutrient and micronutrient intakes were estimated. Regression models were conducted to explore the correlates of UPF consumption as well as the association between UPF consumption and overweight/obesity status.ResultsUPFs were found to contribute 47% of daily EI. Girls and children with higher household income had significantly higher UPF intakes. Children whose mothers had an intermediate, high school, or technical diploma and were employed and whose fathers had higher education levels consumed significantly less EI from UPFs. Children whose %EI fell within the second and third tertiles of UPF intake had significantly higher odds of overweight/obesity as compared to those in the first tertile (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09, 1.32 and AOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.47, 1.76, respectively), after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionThe high intake of UPFs coupled with its association with overweight/obesity call for public health nutrition interventions aimed at improving feeding and dietary practices in this age group.
The mental and emotional status after radical cystectomy and different urinary diversion orthotopic bladder substitution versus external urinary diversion after radical cystectomy: A propensity score‐matched study
Authors: Palermo Giuseppe , Bizzarri Francesco Pio , Scarciglia Eros , Sacco Emilio , Moosavi Seyed Koosha , Russo Pierluigi , Gavi Filippo , Filomena Giovanni Battista , Rossi Francesco , Campetella Marco , Totaro Angelo , Foschi Nazario , Racioppi Marco 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThe quality of life in patients undergoing radical cystectomy and urinary diversion is gaining importance. Nowadays a broad consensus about the best urinary diversion does not exist. This study presents an all‐round analysis of the impact of two types of urinary diversion on life's psycho‐social aspects in patients undergoing radical cystectomy.MethodsThis is an observational, single‐centre, prospective study. Eligible participants underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion for bladder cancer in our department from January 2020 and February 2024. Of 130 included patients, 90 (45 with Bricker's ureteroileocutaneostomy and 45 received orthotopic bladder replacement) patients were matched and the study groups were well balanced for the baseline‐matched variables. Patients completed 4 questionnaires (EORTC QLQ‐C30, PGWBI, HADS, PSQI) at three different times: before the surgical procedure, and at 3 and 12 months.ResultsTime shows a statistically significant effect (p < 0.0005) on four of the five functional scales explored (Physical Functioning, Role Functioning, Emotional Functioning, Social Functioning), and for all the nine symptoms/items' scales (p < 0.0005) and the Global Health Status (p = 0.003) in EORTC QLQ‐C30. Neobladder's group shows a statistically significant improvement on the scales of Physical Functioning, Role Functioning, and Social Functioning, and for symptoms of nausea (p = 0.0027), pain (p = 0.0005), dyspnea (p = 0.012), insomnia (p = 0.004), constipation (p = 0.003).ConclusionWe do not find a better urinary diversion in absolute terms. Neobladder obtained better results only for specific items and features. The urinary diversion's choice must be made in concert by the patient, the caregiver, and health professionals with adequate counseling.
GoFish: a foray into open‐source, aquatic behavioral automation
Authors: Ajuwon Victor , Cruz Bruno , Monteiro Tiago 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs the most species‐rich vertebrate group, fish provide an array of opportunities to investigate the link between ecological interactions and the evolution of behavior and cognition, yet, as an animal model, they are relatively underutilized in studies of comparative cognition. To address this gap, we developed a fully automated platform for behavioral experiments in aquatic species, GoFish. GoFish includes closed‐loop control of task contingencies using real‐time video tracking, presentation of visual stimuli, automatic food reward dispensers, and built‐in data acquisition. The hardware is relatively inexpensive and accessible, and all software components of the platform are open‐source. GoFish facilitates experimental automation, allowing for customization of high‐throughput protocols and the efficient acquisition of rich behavioral data. We hope this platform proves to be a useful tool for the research community, facilitating refined, reproducible behavioral experiments on aquatic species in comparative cognition, behavioral ecology, and neuroscience.
Mucosal epithelial homeostasis: Reference intervals for skin, gill lamellae and filament for Atlantic salmon and other fish species
Authors: Merkin Grigory V. , Girons Albert , Okubamichael Mearge A. , Pittman Karin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMucosal barriers are gatekeepers of health and exhibit homeostatic variation in relation to habitat and disease. Mucosal Mapping technology provides an in‐depth examination of the dynamic mucous cells (MCs) in fish mucosal barriers on tangential sections, about 90° from the view of traditional histology. The method was originally developed and standardized in academia prior to the establishment of QuantiDoc AS to apply mucosal mapping, now trademarked as Veribarr™ for the analysis of skin, gills and gastrointestinal tracts. Veribarr™ uses design‐based stereology for the selection and measurement of cell area (size) (μm2), the volumetric density of MCs in the epithelium (MCD, amount of the epithelia occupied by MCs, in %) and the calculated abundance of the MCs (barrier status or defence activity). MC production was mapped across the skin and gill epithelia in 12 species, discovering that gills consistently have two distinct groups of MCs, one on the lamellae where MCs are few and small and one on the filament where MCs are larger and more abundant. MCs were usually much larger in the skin than in the gills, with the latter requiring fewer and smaller cells for adequate respiration. The difference observed between MCs in gill lamella and gill filament is likely a result of functional demands. In addition, our findings also highlight a variation in the mucosal parameters between the species skin, which cannot be explained by the weight differences, and a potential link between MC distribution and species‐specific lifestyles in the gill lamella. This diversity necessitates the development of species and tissue site‐specific reference intervals for mucosal health evaluation. Mucosal bivariate reference intervals were developed for MC production, including size (trophy) and calculated defence activity (plasia) in the skin and gills of Atlantic salmon, to contrast new measurements against historical data patterns. The application of mucosal reference intervals demonstrates that stress from parasites and treatments can manifest as changes in mucosal architecture, as evidenced by MC hypertrophy and hyperplasia within the gill lamellae. These reference intervals also facilitate comparisons with wild Atlantic salmon, revealing a somewhat higher MC level in farmed salmon gill lamellae. These findings suggest that MC hyperplasia and hypertrophy in the gills are stress/environmental responses in aquaculture. They also advocate for developing specific mucosal bivariate homeostatic reference intervals in aquaculture to improve fish health and welfare across all farmed species.