bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep Problems in Adults With ADHD: Prevalences and Their Relationship With Psychiatric Comorbidity
Authors: van der Ham Mirte , Bijlenga Denise , Böhmer Mylène , Beekman Aartjan T. F. , Kooij Sandra 
Published: October 2024

Background: Sleep problems are common in adults with ADHD and may be bidirectionally associated with ADHD severity and other psychiatric symptoms. We investigated the prevalence of positive screenings for various sleep disorders, and their association with psychiatric comorbidities in a large sample of adults with ADHD from a specialized outpatient clinic. Methods: We included data of 3,691 adult patients diagnosed with ADHD, who had filled out a screener for sleep disorders (Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire (HSDQ)) as part of routine diagnostic assessment. The HSDQ screens for the sleep disorders insomnia, parasomnia, hypersomnia, circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSD), restless legs syndrome (RLS)/periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD), and sleep-related breathing disorders (SBD). As delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) is very frequent in ADHD, we additionally screened for DSPS. Psychiatric comorbidities were diagnosed through clinical assessment and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) Plus, which assesses 26 psychiatric disorders following the classification of the DSM-5. All data were retrieved from the electronic patient files. Results: Mean age was 35.4 and 49.4% of the patients were female. About 60% of the adults with ADHD screened positive for any sleep disorder. Highest prevalences were found for symptoms of DSPS (36%), insomnia (30%), and RLS/PLMD (29%). Sleep problems in adults with ADHD were associated with comorbid depression, anxiety, substance use disorder, personality disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion: Adults with ADHD often report sleep problems, which are associated with specific psychiatric comorbidities. Systematic screening for sleep disorders in adult patients with ADHD can contribute to a better understanding of their complaints and may aid improved and integrated treatment for the sleep and psychiatric problems.
Complement biosensors identify a classical pathway stimulus in complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy
Authors: Cole Michael A. , Ranjan Nikhil , Gerber Gloria F. , Pan Xiang-Zuo , Flores-Guerrero Daniel , McNamara George , Chaturvedi Shruti , Sperati C. John , McCrae Keith R. , Brodsky Robert A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (CM-TMA) or hemolytic uremic syndrome, previously identified as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, is a TMA characterized by germ line variants or acquired antibodies to complement proteins and regulators. Building upon our prior experience with the modified Ham (mHam) assay for ex vivo diagnosis of complementopathies, we have developed an array of cell-based complement “biosensors” by selective removal of complement regulatory proteins (CD55 and CD59, CD46, or a combination thereof) in an autonomously bioluminescent HEK293 cell line. These biosensors can be used as a sensitive method for diagnosing CM-TMA and monitoring therapeutic complement blockade. Using specific complement pathway inhibitors, this model identifies immunoglobulin M (IgM)–driven classical pathway stimulus during both acute disease and in many patients during clinical remission. This provides a potential explanation for ∼50% of patients with CM-TMA who lack an alternative pathway “driving” variant and suggests at least a subset of CM-TMA is characterized by a breakdown of IgM immunologic tolerance.
Re-irradiation of anaplastic meningioma: higher dose and concomitant Bevacizumab may improve progression-free survival
Authors: Haisraely Ory , Taliansky Alicia , Sivan Maayan , Lawerence Yaacov 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Anaplastic meningiomas, categorized as WHO grade 3 tumors, are rare and highly aggressive, accounting for 1-2% of all meningioma cases. Despite aggressive treatment, including surgery and Radiation, they exhibit a high recurrence rate and poor survival outcomes. The aggressive histopathological features emphasize the urgent need for effective management strategies.

Methods
A retrospective multi-institutional analysis was conducted on patients with recurrent anaplastic meningioma who underwent re-irradiation between 2017 and 2023. Clinical, dosimetric, and outcome data were collected and analyzed, focusing on local control, progression free survival and treatment-related adverse events.

Results
Thirty-four cases were analyzed, with a median follow-up 11 months after re-irradiation. Progression-free survival at 12 months was 61.9%, with higher doses correlating with better outcomes. Concomitant Bevacizumab improves progression-free survival and reduces the risk of radiation necrosis. CDKN2A homozygote deletion correlated with a higher risk of local failure. Symptomatic radiation necrosis occurred in 20.5% of cases, but its incidence was lower with concomitant Bevacizumab treatment.

Conclusion
Re-irradiation presents a viable option for recurrent anaplastic meningioma despite the associated risk of radiation necrosis. Higher doses with concomitant Bevacizumab improve clinical outcomes and reduce toxicity. Individualized treatment approaches are necessary, emphasizing the importance of further research to refine management strategies for this challenging disease.
Deep learning-based approaches for multi-omics data integration and analysis
Authors: Ballard Jenna L. , Wang Zexuan , Li Wenrui , Shen Li , Long Qi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The rapid growth of deep learning, as well as the vast and ever-growing amount of available data, have provided ample opportunity for advances in fusion and analysis of complex and heterogeneous data types. Different data modalities provide complementary information that can be leveraged to gain a more complete understanding of each subject. In the biomedical domain, multi-omics data includes molecular (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, metabolomics, etc.) and imaging (radiomics, pathomics) modalities which, when combined, have the potential to improve performance on prediction, classification, clustering and other tasks. Deep learning encompasses a wide variety of methods, each of which have certain strengths and weaknesses for multi-omics integration.

Method
In this review, we categorize recent deep learning-based approaches by their basic architectures and discuss their unique capabilities in relation to one another. We also discuss some emerging themes advancing the field of multi-omics integration.

Results
Deep learning-based multi-omics integration methods were categorized broadly into non-generative (feedforward neural networks, graph convolutional neural networks, and autoencoders) and generative (variational methods, generative adversarial models, and a generative pretrained model). Generative methods have the advantage of being able to impose constraints on the shared representations to enforce certain properties or incorporate prior knowledge. They can also be used to generate or impute missing modalities. Recent advances achieved by these methods include the ability to handle incomplete data as well as going beyond the traditional molecular omics data types to integrate other modalities such as imaging data.

Conclusion
We expect to see further growth in methods that can handle missingness, as this is a common challenge in working with complex and heterogeneous data. Additionally, methods that integrate more data types are expected to improve performance on downstream tasks by capturing a comprehensive view of each sample.
Jointly benchmarking small and structural variant calls with vcfdist
Authors: Dunn Tim , Zook Justin M. , Holt James M. , Narayanasamy Satish 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this work, we extend vcfdist to be the first variant call benchmarking tool to jointly evaluate phased single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small insertions/deletions (INDELs), and structural variants (SVs) for the whole genome. First, we find that a joint evaluation of small and structural variants uniformly reduces measured errors for SNPs (− 28.9%), INDELs (− 19.3%), and SVs (− 52.4%) across three datasets. vcfdist also corrects a common flaw in phasing evaluations, reducing measured flip errors by over 50%. Lastly, we show that vcfdist is more accurate than previously published works and on par with the newest approaches while providing improved result interpretability.
An easier life to come for mosquito researchers: field-testing across Italy supports VECTRACK system for automatic counting, identification and absolute density estimation of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens adults
Authors: Micocci Martina , Manica Mattia , Bernardini Ilaria , Soresinetti Laura , Varone Marianna , Di Lillo Paola , Caputo Beniamino , Poletti Piero , Severini Francesco , Montarsi Fabrizio , Epis Sara , Salvemini Marco , della Torre Alessandra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Disease-vector mosquito monitoring is an essential prerequisite to optimize control interventions and evidence-based risk predictions. However, conventional entomological monitoring methods are labor- and time-consuming and do not allow high temporal/spatial resolution. In 2022, a novel system coupling an optical sensor with machine learning technologies (VECTRACK) proved effective in counting and identifying Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens adult females and males. Here, we carried out the first extensive field evaluation of the VECTRACK system to assess: (i) whether the catching capacity of a commercial BG-Mosquitaire trap (BGM) for adult mosquito equipped with VECTRACK (BGM + VECT) was affected by the sensor; (ii) the accuracy of the VECTRACK algorithm in correctly classifying the target mosquito species genus and sex; (iii) Ae. albopictus capture rate of BGM with or without VECTRACK.

Methods
The same experimental design was implemented in four areas in northern (Bergamo and Padua districts), central (Rome) and southern (Procida Island, Naples) Italy. In each area, three types of traps—one BGM, one BGM + VECT and the combination of four sticky traps (STs)—were rotated each 48 h in three different sites. Each sampling scheme was replicated three times/area. Collected mosquitoes were counted and identified by both the VECTRACK algorithm and operator-mediated morphological examination. The performance of the VECTRACK system was assessed by generalized linear mixed and linear regression models. Aedes albopictus capture rates of BGMs were calculated based on the known capture rate of ST.

Results
A total of 3829 mosquitoes (90.2% Ae. albopictus) were captured in 18 collection-days/trap/site. BGM and BGM + VECT showed a similar performance in collecting target mosquitoes. Results show high correlation between visual and automatic identification methods (Spearman Ae. albopictus: females = 0.97; males = 0.89; P < 0.0001) and low count errors. Moreover, the results allowed quantifying the heterogeneous effectiveness associated with different trap types in collecting Ae. albopictus and predicting estimates of its absolute density.

Conclusions
Obtained results strongly support the VECTRACK system as a powerful tool for mosquito monitoring and research, and its applicability over a range of ecological conditions, accounting for its high potential for continuous monitoring with minimal human effort.

Graphical Abstract
Internet-based UP-A intervention on treatment of stress, anxiety, depression, and psychological flexibility among adolescents with sub-clinical diagnosis of emotional disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: a clinical trial
Authors: Javadi Vahideh , Ahmadi Farzaneh , Ebrahimi Leila Salek , Dadashi Mohsen , Mousavi Seyedeh Elnaz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis clinical trial aims to assess the effectiveness of internet-based Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents (UP-A) during the COVID-19 pandemic in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression, and psychological flexibility. 40 adolescents with subclinical features of emotional disorder randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The participants first completed DASS-21 and AAQ-2 questionnare online. Then, the intervention group received 12 sessions of UP-A through video calls on WhatsApp, 2 days per week each for 45 min. UP-A is an emotion-focused, cognitive-behavioral therapy consisting of 5 core modules or components that target temperamental characteristics, particularly neuroticism and resulting emotion dysregulation. Eventually the stress, anxiety, and depression levels decreased in intervention group and their psychological flexibility increased immediately and 3 months after the intervention.Clinical trial registration This study was registered by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Prospective, ID: IRCT20210428051113N1, Registration date: 14/06/2021; https://en.irct.ir/trial/55900).
Is thyroidectomy mandatory in the surgical management of cancer larynx? A meta-analysis study
Authors: Yassin Omar , Sabra Reda Mohamed , Marmoush Abdelrahman Tarek Saeed , Fadel Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Laryngeal cancer is a prevalent malignancy in the head and neck region, often diagnosed at an advanced stage. The role of thyroidectomy in managing advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains controversial due to inconsistent findings regarding the incidence and predictors of thyroid invasion.

Aim of the work
This meta-analysis aims to assess the incidence of thyroid invasion in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer and recognize hazard facets for thyroid invasion to elucidate the need for thyroidectomy. The study also aims to decrease the happening of postoperative hypothyroidism and supply guidance for individualized treatment approaches.

Patients and methods
A comprehensive search was conducted, and the meta-analysis included 6 studies encompassing 852 patients. Data regarding patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and incidence of thyroid invasion were extracted and analyzed.

Results
The meta-analysis revealed a mean age of 57.7 years among patients with advanced laryngeal cancer, with a male predominance of 94.6%. Thyroid invasion occurred in 13.3% of patients who underwent complete laryngectomy. Subglottic tumor site and T4 classification were identified as significant risk factors for thyroid invasion, while supraglottis and glottis tumor sites and T3 classification were associated with reduced risk. The odds ratio for thyroid invasion was highest for patients with T4 stage tumors.

Conclusion
Thyroidectomy during total laryngectomy should be considered for patients with subglottic tumor sites and T4 classification due to the increased risk of thyroid invasion. However, for patients with supraglottis or glottis tumor sites and T3 classification, the thyroid gland may be preserved to reduce the risk of postoperative hypothyroidism.
Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network 12: Pembrolizumab in HIV-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma
Authors: Lurain Kathryn , Ramaswami Ramya , Ekwede Irene , Eulo Vanessa , Goyal Gaurav , Menon Manoj , Odeny Thomas A. , Sharon Elad , Wagner Michael J. , Wang Chia-Ching (Jackie) , Bhardwaj Nina , Friedlander Philip A. , Abdul-Hay Maher , Cornejo Castro Elena M. , Labo Nazzarena , Marshall Vickie Ann , Miley Wendell , Moore Kyle , Roshan Romin , Whitby Denise , Kask Angela Shaulov , Kaiser Judith , Han Emma , Wright Anna , Yarchoan Robert , Fling Steven P. , Uldrick Thomas S. 
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE
Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network 12 demonstrated safety of pembrolizumab in treating advanced cancer in people with HIV. Here, we report results of the Kaposi sarcoma (KS) cohort.

METHODS

In this multicenter phase I trial, we enrolled participants with HIV-associated KS on antiretroviral therapy with CD4
+
≥50 cells/μL and HIV plasma RNA <200 copies/mL. Pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously was administered once every 3 weeks for up to 35 cycles. The primary end point was safety, and the secondary end point was KS response by modified AIDS Clinical Trials Group Criteria.

RESULTS

Thirty-two cisgender men enrolled with baseline median CD4
+
T-cell count of 274 cells/µL. All but nine participants had received previous systemic KS therapy. Participants received a median of 11 cycles of pembrolizumab (range, 1-35). Sixty-six percent had grade ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse events, including one death from polyclonal KS herpesvirus–related B-cell lymphoproliferation. Thirty-one percent had ≥one immune-mediated AEs (imAEs) with 25% requiring systemic steroids. In 29 participants with evaluable KS, the overall response rate (ORR) was 62.1% (95% CI, 42.3 to 79.3) and did not differ by CD4
+
T-cell count. ORR in the eight participants with evaluable disease without previous KS therapy was 87.5% (95% CI, 47.3 to 99.7). Median duration of response (DOR) was not reached, and the Kaplan-Meier estimate of DOR of ≥12 months was 92.3% (95% CI, 56.6 to 98.8). Median progression-free survival was 28.2 months (95% CI, 4.2 to noncalculable).

CONCLUSION
Pembrolizumab yielded a high rate of durable responses in HIV-associated KS. imAEs were successfully managed with standard guidelines.
Peripheral Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Wang Victor , Bačkonja Miroslav 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
This article synthesizes current knowledge on neuropathic pain, with a brief review of mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies to help neurologists provide effective and individualized care for patients with this complex condition.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
The most promising developments in peripheral neuropathic pain are related to the molecular biology of the peripheral nervous system. Systematic molecular and genetic analyses of peripheral nerve terminals and dorsal root ganglia have advanced our understanding of the genetics of function and disease of peripheral nerves, as well as their physiology and clinical manifestations.

ESSENTIAL POINTS
Peripheral neuropathic pain, similar to central neuropathic pain, is primarily influenced by the biology and pathophysiology of the underlying structures, peripheral sensory nerves, and their central pathways. The clinical course is widely variable in sensory symptoms and intensities, natural history, and response to treatments.
Dynamic control, routing, and resource assignment in multi-granular optical node topologies combining wavelength, waveband, and spatial switching for 6G transport networks [Invited]
Authors: Lohani Varsha , Muñoz Raul , Casellas Ramon , Gifre Renom Lluis , Manso Carlos , Vilalta Ricard , Martínez Ricardo 
Published: October 2024

Effective management of end-to-end 6G network services is crucial, with peak capacity requirements for 6G transport connections expected to exceed 1 Tb/s. As demand for high bandwidth rises, there is a growing necessity for high-capacity optical fiber links, including ultra-wideband (UWB) and multiple fiber links within the network. Scaling up to accommodate these demands, designing wavelength-selective switches (WSSs) for such networks significantly increases the port count. To tackle this issue, we propose various multi-granular optical node (MG-ON) architectures utilizing heterogeneous wavelength, waveband, and spatial switching. We evaluate these architectures’ performance against high-capacity wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) networks through various simulation parameters.
Preventive interventions for diabetic foot ulcer adopted in different healthcare settings: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Leal de Araújo Açucena , Negreiros Francisca Diana da Silva , Florêncio Raquel Sampaio , Garces Thiago dos Santos , Cestari Virna Ribeiro Feitosa , Mattos Samuel Miranda , Marques Samara Jesus Sena , Albuquerque Francisca Eridan Fonteles , Araújo Wánderson Cássio Oliveira , Poveda Vanessa de Brito , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães 
Published: October 2024

Background
Diabetic foot ulcers are challenging to heal, increase the risk of lower extremity amputation, and place a significant burden on patients, families, and healthcare systems. Prioritizing preventive interventions holds the promise of reducing patient suffering, lowering costs, and improving quality of life. This study describes a scoping review protocol that will be used to delineate the preventive interventions for diabetic foot ulcers employed in different healthcare settings.

Methods
The scoping review methodology was formulated in accordance with the PRISMA extension guidelines for scoping reviews and informed by the procedural insights provided by the JBI methodology group. Studies with participants diagnosed with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, aged 18 years or older, without an active ulcer at baseline, and studies of preventive interventions for foot ulcers in various healthcare settings will be screened. The search strategy was developed in collaboration with a research librarian using the PRESS checklist and no time or language limitations were applied. Data will be analyzed and summarized descriptively, including characteristics of studies, participants, and interventions.

Discussion
Understanding the strategies and gaps in diabetic foot ulcer prevention is critical. The literature can provide valuable insights for developing tailored interventions and strategies to effectively address these gaps, potentially accelerating progress toward improved outcomes in diabetic foot ulcer prevention.

Review registration
Open Science Framework DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/FRZ97 [June 19, 2023]
Dollars and Sense; Reviewing Industry Implementation of the Climate-Related Disclosures Mandate in New Zealand
Authors: Hazelhurst Tess , Footer Jeff , Norris Daniel 
Published: October 2024

The global commitment to sustainable development has catalysed the climate policy environment and its multiverse of non-financial reporting frameworks. One such framework, the TCFD (Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures) is dependent on assumptions that organisations view risk management the same way as the framework’s intent; prioritising the decarbonisation pathway. The purpose of non-financial reporting is to challenge existing business-as-usual values of profit-seeking without regard for the environment. This study employs a systems-based methodology (Critical Systems Heuristics) to uncover the issues that arise as a result of organisations implementing the TCFD, as demonstrated by their risk management process. The key findings of this study show that organisations are primarily motivated by financial growth, which directly competes with the intentions of the TCFD. Mandating the TCFD fails to address the tensions between business-as-usual business models and the regulatory intent towards decarbonisation. The findings raise concerns about the TCFD’s potential effectiveness; unchanged risk management processes risk a continuation of existent best practices leading to status quo outcomes.

Keywords: Non-financial reporting, sustainable development, systems thinking, climate risk, risk management, critical systems heuristics