bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association Between the Dosage of SGLT2 Inhibitor and Weight Reduction in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Cai Xiaoling , Yang Wenjia , Gao Xueying , Chen Yifei , Zhou Lingli , Zhang Simin , Han Xueyao , Ji Linong 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveSodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may induce urinary glucose excretion via the inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption, improve glycemic control, and lower body weight. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to evaluate weight changes in patients who received different dosages of SGLT2 inhibitors.MethodsOverall, 55 placebo‐controlled trials were included.ResultsThe results indicated that treatment with 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg of dapagliflozin led to significant decreases in body weight compared with a placebo (weighted mean difference [WMD], −1.30 kg, −1.51 kg, −1.79 kg, −2.24 kg, respectively; P < 0.001). Treatment with 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg of canagliflozin also led to significant decreases in weight (WMD, −1.20 kg, −1.82 kg, −1.83 kg, −2.37 kg, respectively; P < 0.001). In the treatment with empagliflozin, ipragliflozin, tofogliflozin, and luseogliflozin, body weight also significantly decreased. The decrease in weight was associated with the dosage of dapagliflozin (P < 0.05).ConclusionsBody weight significantly decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes who received different dosages of SGLT2 inhibitors compared with patients who received a placebo. Moreover, in patients treated with dapagliflozin, there was a statistically significant dosage‐dependent trend in body weight reduction.
Eu3+ Photoluminescence in CaYTiNbO7 Pyrochlore: A Promising Orange‐Red Phosphor for White‐Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Tiwari Hansnath , Varadaraju Upadhyayula Venkata , Naidu Salla Asiri 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCaY1‐xEuxTiNbO7 compositions with pyrochlore structure were synthesized by solid state reaction technique and photoluminescence was studied. Photoluminescence emission results reveal that the 5D0→7F1 magnetic dipole transition has higher intensity indicating that Eu3+ occupies a centrosymmetric site in the host lattice. The critical concentration of Eu3+ was found to be x=0.5. The CaY0.5Eu0.5TiNbO7 phase shows higher orange‐red emission when compared to that of commercial red phosphor, Y2O3:Eu3+.
A Common Approach for the Synthesis of (R)‐Ethyl 2,4‐dihydroxy‐6‐(8‐hydroxynonyl) benzoate, Ethyl 2,4‐Dihydroxy‐6‐nonylbenzoate and (2R,3R)‐1,2,3,4‐Butanetetraol‐1,4‐diorsellinate
Authors: Mali Prakash R. , Chirke Sahadev S. , Meshram Harshadas M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA concise and facile first total synthesis of biological active β‐resorcylic acid ester (R)‐ethyl 2,4‐dihydroxy‐6‐(8‐hydroxynonyl) benzoate, ethyl 2,4‐Dihydroxy‐6‐nonylbenzoate and (2R,3R)‐1,2,3,4‐Butanetetraol‐1,4‐diorsellinate have been demonstrated from commercially available ethyl acetoacetate as starting material. Key steps employed for the synthesis of target molecules are cross metathesis and esterification reaction.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Dynamics of Charge Exchange Processes between Single Trap and Nanowire Channel
Authors: Zadorozhnyi Ihor , Li Jing , Pud Sergii , Hlukhova Hanna , Handziuk Volodymyr , Kutovyi Yurii , Petrychuk Mykhailo , Vitusevich Svetlana 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn the present study, transport properties and single trap phenomena in silicon nanowire (NW) field‐effect transistors (FETs) are reported. The dynamic behavior of drain current in NW FETs studied before and after gamma radiation treatment deviates from the predictions of the Shockley–Read–Hall model and is explained by the concept taking into account an additional energy barrier in the accumulation regime. It is revealed that dynamics of charge exchange processes between single trap and nanowire channel strongly depend on gamma radiation treatment. The results represent potential for utilizing single trap phenomena in a number of advanced devices.
Result of Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Matsumoto Akira , Kanaoka Yuji , Baba Takeshi , Takizawa Reo , Hara Masayuki , Maeda Koji , Nishikawa Katsunori , Suzuki Yutaka , Yanaga Katsuhiko , Ohki Takao 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundBleeding from the thoracic aorta is potentially fatal in patients with advanced esophageal cancer. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) was recently applied for aortic invasion by esophageal cancer. However, only a few case reports have been published. This study was performed to clarify the effectiveness and safety of TEVAR for patients with advanced esophageal cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 18 patients who underwent TEVAR for esophageal cancer. We also performed a literature search and reviewed 21 similar cases.ResultsFrom 2007 to 2016, 10 patients were treated on an emergent basis for aortic hemorrhage (salvage group) and 8 patients underwent urgent prophylactic surgery (prophylactic group). Hemostasis was achieved in all cases. One (10%) patient in the salvage group died of aspiration pneumonia on postoperative day 1, while all patients in the prophylactic group survived for >1 month. The median survival period in the salvage and prophylactic group was 3.25 and 11.10 months, respectively. The longest survivor was still alive 9 years after TEVAR and chemoradiotherapy. No fatal adverse events or negative impacts on subsequent treatment for esophageal cancer occurred.ConclusionsTEVAR is feasible, safe, and effective in preventing fatal aortic hemorrhage secondary to esophageal cancer invasion, although it is palliative in most cases. Because the outcomes of emergent TEVAR after bleeding tended to be worse in the salvage than in prophylactic group, prophylactic TEVAR may be considered a viable treatment option for patients with aortic invasion by advanced esophageal cancer.
Anaphoric Strategies Across Language
Modalities: A Comparison Between Catalan and Catalan Sign Language
(LSC)
Authors: Mayol Laia , Barberà Gemma 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to compare the different anaphoric
strategies that Catalan and Catalan Sign Language (LSC) use by means of a parallel
corpus. In particular, our comparison is focused in an examination of the uses of
overt subject pronouns in Catalan and how these uses are rendered in a language that
exploits the visual-manual modality, such as LSC. As far as we know, this is one of
the first studies to compare reference-tracking devices in a spoken and a signed
language by means of a parallel corpus and incorporating both a descriptive and a
theoretical perspective. All instances of overt pronouns in Catalan were analyzed
and most of the data can be accounted with three factors: topic change, focus and
contrast. As for LSC, the use of pronouns is rare and only few instances were found.
Instead, other anaphoric strategies are used: while topic change and focus are
primarily encoded with bare nouns, the expression of contrast relies on
modality-specific features.
The Influence of Strain Path on Rare Earth Recrystallization Textures in a Magnesium-Zinc-Rare Earth Alloy
Authors: Griffiths D. , Davis B. , Robson J. D. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this study, the effect of strain path on texture evolution during cold rolled and annealing of hot rolled Mg-Zn-Rare-Earth (RE) alloy (ZEK100) sheet has been investigated. Strain path during cold rolling has been varied by changing rolling direction with respect to the original hot rolling (HR) direction of the sheet. Cold rolling either parallel or perpendicular to the HR direction leads to spread and split of basal poles in the transverse direction (TD) during annealing, characteristic of Mg-Zn-RE alloys. However, when the sheet is continuously rotated between cold rolling passes, this texture spread is not produced. It is demonstrated that a change in dislocation activity, as predicted by crystal plasticity modeling, cannot explain the unusual textures developed in Mg-Zn-RE alloys. Instead, the role of strain path in determining shear band evolution is considered to be critical. When shear bands are suppressed by continuously rotating the specimen, the distinct Zn-RE texture is not produced. Furthermore, it is demonstrated the dominance of the TD spread grains emerges gradually during recrystallization, leading to the final observed texture.
Cerebral small vessel disease in middle age and genetic predisposition to late‐onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Stefaniak James D. , Su Li , Mak Elijah , Sheikh‐Bahaei Nasim , Wells Katie , Ritchie Karen , Waldman Adam , Ritchie Craig W. , O'Brien John T. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntroductionCerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is associated with late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) and might contribute to the relationship between apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) and LOAD, in older people. However, it is unclear whether CSVD begins in middle age in individuals genetically predisposed to LOAD.MethodsWe assessed the relationship between radiological markers of CSVD, white matter hyperintensities and microbleeds, and genetic predisposition to LOAD in a cross‐sectional analysis of cognitively normal subjects aged 40–59 years recruited from the PREVENT Dementia study.ResultsMicrobleed prevalence was 14.5%, and mean ± standard deviation white matter hyperintensity percentage of total brain volume was 0.41 ± 0.28%. There was no significant association between APOE ε4 carrier status or history of parental dementia and white matter hyperintensity volume (P = .713, .912 respectively) or microbleeds (P = .082, .562 respectively) on multiple regression.DiscussionGenetic predisposition to LOAD, through APOE genotype or AD family history, is not associated with CSVD in middle age.
Home is where the future is: The BrightFocus Foundation consensus panel on dementia care
Authors: Samus Quincy M. , Black Betty Smith , Bovenkamp Diane , Buckley Michael , Callahan Christopher , Davis Karen , Gitlin Laura N. , Hodgson Nancy , Johnston Deirdre , Kales Helen C. , Karel Michele , Kenney John Jay , Ling Shari M. , Panchal Maï , Reuland Melissa , Willink Amber , Lyketsos Constantine G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntroductionA national consensus panel was convened to develop recommendations on future directions for home‐based dementia care (HBDC).MethodsThe panel summarized advantages and challenges of shifting to HBDC as the nexus of care and developed consensus‐based recommendations.ResultsThe panel developed five core recommendations: (1) HBDC should be considered the nexus of new dementia models, from diagnosis to end of life in dementia; (2) new payment models are needed to support HBDC and reward integration of care; (3) a diverse new workforce that spans the care continuum should be prepared urgently; (4) new technologies to promote communication, monitoring/safety, and symptoms management must be tested, integrated, and deployed; and (5) targeted dissemination efforts for HBDC must be employed.DiscussionHBDC represents a promising paradigm shift to improve care for those living with dementia and their family caregivers: these recommendations provide a framework to chart a course forward for HBDC.
Evaluating risk‐based capital regulation
Authors: Hogan Thomas L. , Meredith Neil R. , Pan Xuhao (Harry) 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper evaluates the effectiveness of risk‐based capital (RBC) regulation and challenges some evidence from the well‐known study by Haldane and Madouros (2012). We reconsider the evidence on the relationship betweenRBCratios and failures ofUSbanks from Haldane and Madouros (2012) and find their results are not robust to changes in the sample period or regression model. Using data onUScommercial banks from 2000 through 2015 and an improved regression model, we compare banks’RBCratios and simple capital ratios as predictors of bank risk. We find simple capital ratios to be significantly better than complexRBCratios as predictors of bank risk.
DEALING WITH UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANTS: THE WELFARE EFFECTS OF AMNESTIES AND DEPORTATIONS
Authors: Machado Joël 
Published: November 2017

Abstract:The effects on agents’ welfare of two different policies dealing with undocumented immigrants, amnesties and deportations, are assessed. I develop a two-period overlapping generations model which accounts for the ex-ante production by undocumented workers and their impact on the government budget. Additional channels, such as the discrimination on the labor market and a different productivity of regularized workers are discussed. The impact of a migration policy depends on the wage effects of the legalized/deported workers and their net fiscal contribution. The calibration of the model for the United States in 2014 allows to disentangle the channels at work. Overall, the impact of the two policies on natives’ welfare is limited (between −0.1% and +0.15%). Retired agents benefit from an amnesty and are harmed by a deportation. The effect on workers is ambiguous and depends on the wage and fiscal effects in addition to the change in the returns on savings.
Immune and neuroendocrine correlates of temperament in infancy
Authors: O'Connor Thomas G. , Scheible Kristin , Sefair Ana Vallejo , Gilchrist Michelle , Blackmore Emma Robertson , Winter Marcia A. , Gunnar Megan R. , Wyman Claire , Carnahan Jennifer , Moynihan Jan A. , Caserta Mary T. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThere is now a clear focus on incorporating, and integrating, multiple levels of analysis in developmental science. The current study adds to research in this area by including markers of the immune and neuroendocrine systems in a longitudinal study of temperament in infants. Observational and parent-reported ratings of infant temperament, serum markers of the innate immune system, and cortisol reactivity from repeated salivary collections were examined in a sample of 123 infants who were assessed at 6 months and again when they were, on average, 17 months old. Blood from venipuncture was collected for analyses of nine select innate immune cytokines; salivary cortisol collected prior to and 15 min and 30 min following a physical exam including blood draw was used as an index of neuroendocrine functioning. Analyses indicated fairly minimal significant associations between biological markers and temperament at 6 months. However, by 17 months of age, we found reliable and nonoverlapping associations between observed fearful temperament and biological markers of the immune and neuroendocrine systems. The findings provide some of the earliest evidence of robust biological correlates of fear behavior with the immune system, and identify possible immune and neuroendocrine mechanisms for understanding the origins of behavioral development.
From child maltreatment to emerging adult problem drinking: Identification of a multilevel internalizing pathway among African American youth
Authors: Handley Elizabeth D. , Rogosch Fred A. , Cicchetti Dante 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe present study tested the role of FKBP5 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) genetic variation in an internalizing pathway from child maltreatment to emerging adult problem drinking among a sample of African American youth (N= 280) followed prospectively from ages 11 to 20. Specifically, whether childhood internalizing symptoms and emerging adult tension reduction alcohol expectancies sequentially mediate the effect of child maltreatment on emerging adult problem drinking and whetherFKBP5moderates these associations were investigated. The results indicate that individuals with at least one copy of theFKBP5CATT haplotype (minor alleles) are more vulnerable to traversing the hypothesized internalizing pathway of risk than individuals without this genotypic profile. Taken together our findings highlight the importance ofFKBP5genetic variation in the context of early adversity; support the role of two prospective sequential mediators of an internalizing pathway to problematic drinking, namely, childhood internalizing symptoms and emerging adult tension reduction alcohol expectancies; and identify a subgroup of maltreated children most susceptible to progressing along this less common pathway of risk.
Methane- and dissolved organic carbon-fueled microbial loop supports a tropical subterranean estuary ecosystem
Authors: Brankovits D. , Pohlman J. W. , Niemann H. , Leigh M. B. , Leewis M. C. , Becker K. W. , Iliffe T. M. , Alvarez F. , Lehmann M. F. , Phillips B. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSubterranean estuaries extend inland into density-stratified coastal carbonate aquifers containing a surprising diversity of endemic animals (mostly crustaceans) within a highly oligotrophic habitat. How complex ecosystems (termed anchialine) thrive in this globally distributed, cryptic environment is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that a microbial loop shuttles methane and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to higher trophic levels of the anchialine food web in the Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico). Methane and DOC production and consumption within the coastal groundwater correspond with a microbial community capable of methanotrophy, heterotrophy, and chemoautotrophy, based on characterization by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and respiratory quinone composition. Fatty acid and bulk stable carbon isotope values of cave-adapted shrimp suggest that carbon from methanotrophic bacteria comprises 21% of their diet, on average. These findings reveal a heretofore unrecognized subterranean methane sink and contribute to our understanding of the carbon cycle and ecosystem function of karst subterranean estuaries.
Quantum-disordered state of magnetic and electric dipoles in an organic Mott system
Authors: Shimozawa M. , Hashimoto K. , Ueda A. , Suzuki Y. , Sugii K. , Yamada S. , Imai Y. , Kobayashi R. , Itoh K. , Iguchi S. , Naka M. , Ishihara S. , Mori H. , Sasaki T. , Yamashita M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractStrongly enhanced quantum fluctuations often lead to a rich variety of quantum-disordered states. Developing approaches to enhance quantum fluctuations may open paths to realize even more fascinating quantum states. Here, we demonstrate that a coupling of localized spins with the zero-point motion of hydrogen atoms, that is, proton fluctuations in a hydrogen-bonded organic Mott insulator provides a different class of quantum spin liquids (QSLs). We find that divergent dielectric behavior associated with the approach to hydrogen-bond order is suppressed by the quantum proton fluctuations, resulting in a quantum paraelectric (QPE) state. Furthermore, our thermal-transport measurements reveal that a QSL state with gapless spin excitations rapidly emerges upon entering the QPE state. These findings indicate that the quantum proton fluctuations give rise to a QSL—a quantum-disordered state of magnetic and electric dipoles—through the coupling between the electron and proton degrees of freedom.
Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of microRNA-92a maintains podocyte cell cycle quiescence and limits crescentic glomerulonephritis
Authors: Henique Carole , Bollée Guillaume , Loyer Xavier , Grahammer Florian , Dhaun Neeraj , Camus Marine , Vernerey Julien , Guyonnet Léa , Gaillard François , Lazareth Hélène , Meyer Charlotte , Bensaada Imane , Legrès Luc , Satoh Takashi , Akira Shizuo , Bruneval Patrick , Dimmeler Stefanie , Tedgui Alain , Karras Alexandre , Thervet Eric , Nochy Dominique , Huber Tobias B. , Mesnard Laurent , Lenoir Olivia , Tharaux Pierre-Louis 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCrescentic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) represents the most aggressive form of acquired glomerular disease. While most therapeutic approaches involve potentially toxic immunosuppressive strategies, the pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. Podocytes are glomerular epithelial cells that are normally growth-arrested because of the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. An exception is in RPGN where podocytes undergo a deregulation of their differentiated phenotype and proliferate. Here we demonstrate that microRNA-92a (miR-92a) is enriched in podocytes of patients and mice with RPGN. The CDK inhibitor p57Kip2 is a major target of miR-92a that constitutively safeguards podocyte cell cycle quiescence. Podocyte-specific deletion of miR-92a in mice de-repressed the expression of p57Kip2 and prevented glomerular injury in RPGN. Administration of an anti-miR-92a after disease initiation prevented albuminuria and kidney failure, indicating miR-92a inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy for RPGN. We demonstrate that miRNA induction in epithelial cells can break glomerular tolerance to immune injury.
Mantle hydration and the role of water in the generation of large igneous provinces
Authors: Liu Jia , Xia Qun-Ke , Kuritani Takeshi , Hanski Eero , Yu Hao-Ran 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe genesis of large igneous provinces (LIP) is controlled by multiple factors including anomalous mantle temperatures, the presence of fusible fertile components and volatiles in the mantle source, and the extent of decompression. The lack of a comprehensive examination of all these factors in one specific LIP makes the mantle plume model debatable. Here, we report estimates of the water content in picrites from the Emeishan LIP in southwestern China. Although these picrites display an island arc-like H2O content (up to 3.4 by weight percent), the trace element characteristics do not support a subduction zone setting but point to a hydrous reservoir in the deep mantle. Combining with previous studies, we propose that hydrous and hot plumes occasionally appeared in the Phanerozoic era to produce continental LIPs (e.g., Tarim, Siberian Trap, Karoo). The wide sampling of hydrous reservoirs in the deep mantle by mantle plumes thus indicates that the Earth’s interior is largely hydrated.
Zero-field edge plasmons in a magnetic topological insulator
Authors: Mahoney Alice C. , Colless James I. , Peeters Lucas , Pauka Sebastian J. , Fox Eli J. , Kou Xufeng , Pan Lei , Wang Kang L. , Goldhaber-Gordon David , Reilly David J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIncorporating ferromagnetic dopants into three-dimensional topological insulator thin films has recently led to the realisation of the quantum anomalous Hall effect. These materials are of great interest since they may support electrical currents that flow without resistance, even at zero magnetic field. To date, the quantum anomalous Hall effect has been investigated using low-frequency transport measurements. However, transport results can be difficult to interpret due to the presence of parallel conductive paths, or because additional non-chiral edge channels may exist. Here we move beyond transport measurements by probing the microwave response of a magnetised disk of Cr-(Bi,Sb)2Te3. We identify features associated with chiral edge plasmons, a signature that robust edge channels are intrinsic to this material system. Our results provide a measure of the velocity of edge excitations without contacting the sample, and pave the way for an on-chip circuit element of practical importance: the zero-field microwave circulator.