bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterococcus casseliflavus PAVET15 Obtained from the Oviduct Infection of the Cattle Tick (Rhipicephalus microplus) in Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
Authors: Cossío-Bayúgar R. , Miranda-Miranda E. , Arreguín-Pérez C. A. , Lozano L. , Peréz de la Rosa D. , Rocha-Martínez M. K. , Bravo-Díaz M. A. , Sachman-Ruiz B. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Enterococcus
spp. are Gram-positive lactic acid-producing bacteria found in the intestinal tracts of animals, like mammals, birds, and arthropods.
Enterococcus
spp. may cause oportunistic infections in vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. We report here the draft genome sequence of
Enterococcus casseliflavus
PAVET15 containing 3,722,480 bp, with 80 contigs, an
N
50
of 179,476 bp, and 41.93% G+C content.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain Isolated from a Patient with a Urinary Tract Infection in Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: Hussain Mohamed , Suliman Malik , Ahmed Abdalla , Altayb Hisham , Elneima Elamin 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
infection is difficult to treat due to the presence of antibiotic resistance determinants. Here, we report the genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant
P. aeruginosa
strain isolated from a patient with a urinary tract infection in 2015.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Plasmid-Free Lactococcus lactis subsp.
lactis
Strain LMG 19460
Authors: Silva Inês N. , Duarte Sofia , Moreira Leonilde M. , Monteiro Gabriel A. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of the plasmid-free
Lactococcus lactis
subsp.
lactis
strain LMG 19460. This strain has potential application for a cost-effective production of food-grade plasmid DNA to use in DNA vaccines, produce recombinant proteins, and be used as a mucosal delivery vehicle of therapeutic molecules.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of an Isolate of Grapevine Satellite Virus and Evidence for the Presence of Multimeric Forms in an Infected Grapevine
Authors: Candresse T. , Marais A. , Theil S. , Faure C. , Lacombe T. , Boursiquot J. M. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
The complete nucleotide sequence of an isolate of grapevine satellite virus (GV-Sat) was determined by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and compared with the single available complete sequence. The NGS data unexpectedly provided evidence for the existence of multimeric forms of GV-Sat, which were experimentally confirmed, allowing the redefinition of GV-Sat genomic ends.
Risk and burden of adverse intrapartum-related outcomes associated with non-cephalic and multiple birth in rural Nepal: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Kozuki Naoko , Katz Joanne , Khatry Subarna K , Tielsch James M , LeClerq Steven C , Mullany Luke C 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesIntrapartum-related complications are the second leading cause of neonatal death worldwide. We estimate the community-level risk and burden of intrapartum-related fetal/neonatal mortality and morbidity associated with non-cephalic and multiple birth in rural Sarlahi District, Nepal.DesignCommunity-based prospective cohort study.SettingRural Sarlahi District, Nepal.ParticipantsPregnant women residing in the study area.MethodsWe collected data on maternal background characteristics, conditions during labour and delivery, fetal presentation and multiple birth during home visits. We ran log-binomial regression models to estimate the associations between non-cephalic/multiple births and fresh stillbirth, early neonatal mortality and signs of neonatal encephalopathy, respectively, and calculated the per cent attributable fraction. To better understand the context under which these adverse birth outcomes are occurring, we also collected data on maternal awareness of non-cephalic presentation and multiple gestation prior to delivery.Primary outcome measuresRisk of experiencing fresh stillbirth, early neonatal encephalopathy and early neonatal mortality associated with non-cephalic and multiple birth, respectively.ResultsNon-cephalic presentation had a particularly high risk of fresh stillbirth (aRR 12.52 (95% CI 7.86 to 19.95), reference: cephalic presentation). 20.2% of all fresh stillbirths were associated with non-cephalic presentation. For multiple births, there was a fourfold increase in early neonatal mortality (aRR: 4.57 (95% CI 1.44 to 14.50), reference: singleton births). 3.4% of early neonatal mortality was associated with multiple gestation.ConclusionsGlobally and in Nepal, a large percentage of stillbirths and neonatal mortality is associated with intrapartum-related complications. Despite the low incidence of non-cephalic and multiple birth, a notable proportion of adverse intrapartum-related outcomes is associated with these conditions. As the proportion of neonatal deaths attributable to intrapartum-related complications continues to rise, there is a need to investigate how best to advance diagnostic capacity and management of these conditions.Trial registration numberNCT01177111; pre-results.
Investments in cancer research awarded to UK institutions and the global burden of cancer 2000–2013: a systematic analysis
Authors: Maruthappu Mahiben , Head Michael G , Zhou Charlie D , Gilbert Barnabas J , El-Harasis Majd A , Raine Rosalind , Fitchett Joseph R , Atun Rifat 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesTo systematically categorise cancer research investment awarded to United Kingdom (UK) institutions in the period 2000–2013 and to estimate research investment relative to disease burden as measured by mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs).DesignSystematic analysis of all open-access data.Setting and participantsPublic and philanthropic funding to all UK cancer research institutions, 2000–2013.Main outcome measuresNumber and financial value of cancer research investments reported in 2013 UK pounds (UK£). Mortality, DALYs and YLDs data were acquired from the Global Burden of Disease Study. A compound metric was adapted to estimate research investment relative to disease burden as measured by mortality, DALYs and YLDs.ResultsWe identified 4299 funded studies with a total research investment of £2.4 billion. The highest fundings by anatomical sites were haematological, breast, prostate, colorectal and ovarian cancers. Relative to disease burden as determined by a compound metric combining mortality, DALYs and YLDs, gender-specific cancers were found to be highest funded—the five sites that received the most funding were prostate, ovarian, breast, mesothelioma and testicular cancer; the least well-funded sites were liver, thyroid, lung, upper gastrointestinal (GI) and bladder. Preclinical science accounted for 66.2% of award numbers and 62.2% of all funding. The top five areas of primary research focus by funding were pathogenesis, drug therapy, diagnostic, screening and monitoring, women's health and immunology. The largest individual funder was the Medical Research Council. In combination, the five lowest funded site-specific cancers relative to disease burden account for 47.9%, 44.3% and 20.4% of worldwide cancer mortality, DALYs and YLDs.ConclusionsResearch funding for cancer is not allocated according to relative disease burden. These findings are in line with earlier published studies. Funding agencies and industry should openly document their research investments to improve better targeting of research investment.
Features of alcohol harm reduction advertisements that most motivate reduced drinking among adults: an advertisement response study
Authors: Wakefield Melanie A , Brennan Emily , Dunstone Kimberley , Durkin Sarah J , Dixon Helen G , Pettigrew Simone , Slater Michael D 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesTo improve the effectiveness of alcohol harm reduction mass media campaigns, this study aimed to (1) identify existing advertisements (ads) with greatest potential to motivate reduced alcohol consumption, (2) assess consistency across audience subgroups in ad effectiveness and (3) identify ad features associated with effectiveness.DesignCross-sectional online ad response study with random assignment to view ads.Participants2174 Australian adult weekly drinkers recruited from an online panel.ProcedureParticipants were randomly assigned to view three of 83 English-language alcohol harm reduction ads. Each ad was viewed and rated by a mean of 79 participants.Outcome measureAfter viewing each ad, participants reported the extent to which they felt motivated to reduce their drinking. Ads were ranked from most to least motivating using predicted means adjusted for demographic characteristics and alcohol consumption. We compared the characteristics of the top-ranked 15% of ads (most motivating) with the middle 70% and bottom 15%.ResultsAn ad about the link between alcohol and cancer (‘Spread’) was most motivating, whereas an ad that encouraged drinking water instead of beer (‘Add nothing’) was least motivating. Top-ranked ads were more likely than other ads to feature a ‘why change’ message and less likely to carry a ‘how to change’ message; more likely to address long-term harms; more likely to be aimed at the general adult drinking population and more likely to include drinking guidelines. There was substantial overlap in top-ranked ads for younger versus older adults, men versus women and high-risk versus low-risk drinker subgroups.ConclusionsThe effectiveness of alcohol harm reduction campaigns may be improved by directly communicating alcohol's long-term harms to the general adult population of drinkers along with drinking guidelines. By doing so, campaigns can also efficiently influence high-risk drinkers and key demographic subgroups.
Zambian Peer Educators for HIV Self-Testing (ZEST) study: rationale and design of a cluster randomised trial of HIV self-testing among female sex workers in Zambia
Authors: Oldenburg Catherine E , Ortblad Katrina F , Chanda Michael M , Mwanda Kalasa , Nicodemus Wendy , Sikaundi Rebecca , Fullem Andrew , Barresi Leah G , Harling Guy , Bärnighausen Till 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundHIV testing and knowledge of status are starting points for HIV treatment and prevention interventions. Among female sex workers (FSWs), HIV testing and status knowledge remain far from universal. HIV self-testing (HIVST) is an alternative to existing testing services for FSWs, but little evidence exists how it can be effectively and safely implemented. Here, we describe the rationale and design of a cluster randomised trial designed to inform implementation and scale-up of HIVST programmes for FSWs in Zambia.MethodsThe Zambian Peer Educators for HIV Self-Testing (ZEST) study is a 3-arm cluster randomised trial taking place in 3 towns in Zambia. Participants (N=900) are eligible if they are women who have exchanged sex for money or goods in the previous 1 month, are HIV negative or status unknown, have not tested for HIV in the previous 3 months, and are at least 18 years old. Participants are recruited by peer educators working in their communities. Participants are randomised to 1 of 3 arms: (1) direct distribution (in which they receive an HIVST from the peer educator directly); (2) fixed distribution (in which they receive a coupon with which to collect the HIVST from a drug store or health post) or (3) standard of care (referral to existing HIV testing services only, without any offer of HIVST). Participants are followed at 1 and 4 months following distribution of the first HIVST. The primary end point is HIV testing in the past month measured at the 1-month and 4-month visits.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, USA and ERES Converge in Lusaka, Zambia. The findings of this trial will be presented at local, regional and international meetings and submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication.Trial registration numberPre-results;NCT02827240.
Thematic analysis of US stakeholder views on the influence of labour nurses’ care on birth outcomes
Authors: Lyndon Audrey , Simpson Kathleen Rice , Spetz Joanne 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundChildbirth is a leading reason for hospital admission in the USA, and most labour care is provided by registered nurses under physician or midwife supervision in a nurse-managed care model. Yet, there are no validated nurse-sensitive quality measures for maternity care. We aimed to engage primary stakeholders of maternity care in identifying the aspects of nursing care during labour and birth they believe influence birth outcomes, and how these aspects of care might be measured.MethodsThis qualitative study used 15 focus groups to explore perceptions of 73 nurses, 23 new mothers and 9 physicians regarding important aspects of care. Transcripts were analysed thematically. Participants in the final six focus groups were also asked whether or not they thought each of five existing perinatal quality measures were nurse-sensitive.ResultsNurses, new mothers and physicians identified nurses' support of and advocacy for women as important to birth outcomes. Support and advocacy actions included keeping women and their family members informed, being present with women, setting the emotional tone, knowing and advocating for women's wishes and avoiding caesarean birth. Mothers and nurses took technical aspects of care for granted, whereas physicians discussed this more explicitly, noting that nurses were their ‘eyes and ears’ during labour. Participants endorsed caesarean rates and breastfeeding rates as likely to be nurse-sensitive.ConclusionsStakeholder values support inclusion of maternity nursing care quality measures related to emotional support and providing information in addition to physical support and clinical aspects of care. Care models that ensure labour nurses have sufficient time and resources to engage in the supportive relationships that women value might contribute to better health outcomes and improved patient experience.
Vascular adhesion protein-1 is elevated in primary sclerosing cholangitis, is predictive of clinical outcome and facilitates recruitment of gut-tropic lymphocytes to liver in a substrate-dependent manner
Authors: Trivedi Palak J , Tickle Joseph , Vesterhus Mette Nåmdal , Eddowes Peter J , Bruns Tony , Vainio Jani , Parker Richard , Smith David , Liaskou Evaggelia , Thorbjørnsen Liv Wenche , Hirschfield Gideon M , Auvinen Kaisa , Hubscher Stefan G , Salmi Marko , Adams David H , Weston Chris J 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivePrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is the classical hepatobiliary manifestation of IBD. This clinical association is linked pathologically to the recruitment of mucosal T cells to the liver, via vascular adhesion protein (VAP)-1-dependent enzyme activity. Our aim was to examine the expression, function and enzymatic activation of the ectoenzyme VAP-1 in patients with PSC.DesignWe examined VAP-1 expression in patients with PSC, correlated levels with clinical characteristics and determined the functional consequences of enzyme activation by specific enzyme substrates on hepatic endothelium.ResultsThe intrahepatic enzyme activity of VAP-1 was elevated in PSC versus immune-mediated disease controls and non-diseased liver (p<0.001). The adhesion of gut-tropic α4β7+lymphocytes to hepatic endothelial cells in vitro under flow was attenuated by 50% following administration of the VAP-1 inhibitor semicarbazide (p<0.01). Of a number of natural VAP-1 substrates tested, cysteamine—which can be secreted by inflamed colonic epithelium and gut bacteria—was the most efficient (yielded the highest enzymatic rate) and efficacious in its ability to induce expression of functional mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 on hepatic endothelium. In a prospectively evaluated patient cohort with PSC, elevated serum soluble (s)VAP-1 levels predicted poorer transplant-free survival for patients, independently (HR: 3.85, p=0.003) and additively (HR: 2.02, p=0.012) of the presence of liver cirrhosis.ConclusionsVAP-1 expression is increased in PSC, facilitates adhesion of gut-tropic lymphocytes to liver endothelium in a substrate-dependent manner, and elevated levels of its circulating form predict clinical outcome in patients.
Characterisation of GATA3 expression in invasive breast cancer: differences in histological subtypes and immunohistochemically defined molecular subtypes
Authors: Shaoxian Tang , Baohua Yu , Xiaoli Xu , Yufan Cheng , Xiaoyu Tu , Hongfen Lu , Rui Bi , Xiangjie Sun , Ruohong Shui , Wentao Yang 
Published: April 2017

AimsGATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) is a sensitive and relatively specific marker in breast and urothelial carcinomas. Its diagnostic utility in primary and metastatic breast cancers has been explored and confirmed. However, the relationship between GATA3 expression and different breast carcinoma intrinsic subtypes has not been specifically defined in the literature despite a few reports with a small number of cases. The aim of the current investigation is to clarify GATA3 expression among different histological subtypes and surrogate molecular breast carcinoma subtypes in a large series of cases.MethodsImmunohistochemical staining of GATA3, GCDFP15 and mammaglobin was performed in a cohort of 1637 cases of primary invasive breast carcinoma. The association of GATA3 expression with different histological and surrogate intrinsic subtypes was assessed and compared with the expression of GCDFP15 and mammaglobin.ResultsThe overall positivity of GATA3 across the various immunohistochemistry-based surrogate intrinsic subtypes was 99.51% for luminal A-like, 97.70% for luminal B-like, 68.50% for HER2 overexpression and 20.16% for triple negative breast cancers. GATA3 expression was positively correlated with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (luminal subtypes) breast carcinomas. For luminal-like and HER2 overexpression subtypes, GATA3 was much more sensitive than GCDFP15 and mammaglobin. For triple negative tumours, GATA3 was less sensitive than GCDFP15.ConclusionsGATA3 exhibits a relatively high sensitivity for breast carcinomas. It is more sensitive than GCDFP15 and mammaglobin in luminal-like and HER2 overexpression subtypes. GATA3 expression is associated with breast carcinomas of luminal subtype and low histological grade.
Factual text and emotional pictures: overcoming a false dichotomy of cigarette warning labels
Authors: Popova Lucy , Owusu Daniel , Jenson Desmond , Neilands Torsten B 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundIn reviewing the first set of pictorial warning labels in the USA, the courts equated textual labels with facts and information, and images with emotion. This study tested the differences in perceived informativeness and emotion between textual and pictorial cigarette warning labels.MethodsAn online study with 1838 US adults who were non-smokers (n=764), transitioning smokers (quit smoking in the past 2 years or currently trying to quit, n=505) or current smokers (n=569). Each participant evaluated 9 out of 81 text and pictorial cigarette warning labels. Participants reported to what extent they perceived the label as informative and factual and the negative emotions they felt while looking at each label. We used linear mixed models to account for the nesting of multiple observations within each participant.ResultsThere were no significant differences in perceived informativeness between textual (mean 6.15 on a 9-point scale) and pictorial labels (6.14, p=0.80, Cohen’s d=0.003). Textual labels evoked slightly less emotion (4.21 on a 9-point scale) than pictorial labels (4.42, p<0.001, Cohen’s d=0.08). Perceived informativeness and emotion were strongly correlated (Pearson r=0.53, p<0.001).ConclusionOur findings contradict courts’ conclusions that pictorial messages are emotional and not factual. Pictorial labels are rated as informative and factual, textual labels evoke emotion, and emotionality and informativeness are strongly correlated. These findings serve as evidence for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to counteract the claim that pictorial warning labels, by definition, are not ‘purely factual and uncontroversial’.
Finite-difference method applied for eight-band kp model for Hg1−xCdxTe/HgTe quantum well
Authors: Marchewka Michał 
Published: April 2017

In this work the finite-difference method (FDM) is presented for the undoped Hg[Formula: see text]CdxTe/HgTe quantum well (QW) which allows to calculate the band structures based on Kane’s 8 × 8 kp model including all second-order terms representing the remote-band contributions. In particular the common central-difference form is employed in the discretization procedure. The FDM is applied in the envelope function approach (EFA) for the [001]-oriented system for two cases: without a magnetic field ([Formula: see text] = 0) and with a magnetic field perpendicular to the layer ([Formula: see text]). A proposed presented method can solve all the states simultaneously and can be used for a wide range of temperatures and widths of QW for different values of [Formula: see text] for Hg[Formula: see text]CdxTe/HgTe QW as well as for more complex structures, e.g., asymmetric QW, double quantum wells (DQWs), multiple quantum wells (MQWs) and for the so-called 3D topological insulator with a strained HgTe layer. The results obtained by this method are in a complete agreement with the previous ones. Based on that it is shown that the different [Formula: see text]–Cd compounds in the barrier as well as in the QW make the critical width different than 6.4 nm for HgTe QW. What is also very interesting from the application point of view of the strained mixed HgCdTe QW is that for a different width and a different mismatch lattice it is possible to observe the influence of the upper and lower parts of the Dirac cone in, e.g., a magneto-transport experiment.