bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Data on Kiowa Protohistoric Origins
Authors: Meadows William C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe location and movements of the Kiowa prior to appearing in the historical record around 1700 in present-day southwestern Montana have long eluded scholars. This article presents new data from a family oral tradition relating to protohistoric (ca. pre-1700) Kiowa demography. A number of specific lexical items and their order in the account describe a south-to-north movement from the Colorado Plateau of present-day New Mexico/Colorado to the Yellowstone area by at least some of the people who became the historic Kiowa. An ethnohistorical comparison with ethnographic, linguistic, archaeological, and genetic data supports recent linguistic and archaeological inquiries into protohistoric Kiowa origins suggesting a presence, if not migration, of Kiowa speakers along the western Rocky Mountains from the Colorado Plateau to the northwestern plains. Scholars are beginning to converge on an idea about Kiowa origins. These new data correlate with a number of recent findings and underlie a working hypothesis that aims to stimulate new discussion and inquiry into possible protohistoric Kiowa origins, movements, and ethnogenesis.
2015 Presidential Address the Emotional Archive: The Formation of Social Memory of the Residential School Experience in British Columbia
Authors: Harkin Michael E. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The residential school was a primary tool in the settler colonial state’s efforts to force indigenous people to assimilate to Canadian society and culture. It was a Dickensian institution in which various forms of abuse were tolerated. This article examines the relative lack of negative narratives elicited during my fieldwork in British Columbia from the 1980s to the first decade of the 2000s. It explores various forms of social memory, proposing the notion of an “emotional archive” that contains nonnarrative memory traces. It also critiques the official discourse of Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
Sar1 localizes at the rims of COPII-coated membranes in vivo
Authors: Kurokawa Kazuo , Suda Yasuyuki , Nakano Akihiko 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
The Sar1 GTPase controls coat assembly on coat protein complex II (COPII)-coated vesicles, which mediate protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi. The GTP-bound form of Sar1, activated by the ER-localized guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Sec12, associates with the ER membrane. GTP hydrolysis by Sar1, stimulated by the COPII-vesicle-localized GTPase-activating protein (GAP) Sec23, in turn causes Sar1 to dissociate from the membrane. Thus, Sar1 is cycled between active and inactive states, and on and off vesicle membranes, but its precise spatiotemporal regulation remains unknown. Here, we examined Sar1 localization on COPII-coated membranes in living Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Two-dimensional (2D) observation demonstrated that Sar1 showed modest accumulation around the ER exit sites (ERES) in a manner that was dependent on Sec16 function. Detailed three-dimensional (3D) observation further demonstrated that Sar1 localized at the rims of the COPII-coated membranes, but was excluded from the rest of the COPII membranes. Additionally, a GTP-locked form of Sar1 induced abnormally enlarged COPII-coated structures and covered the entirety of these structures. These results suggested that the reversible membrane association of Sar1 GTPase leads to its localization being restricted to the rims of COPII-coated membranes in vivo.
Structures of Vanadium Oxide Cluster Ions up to Nanometer Diameter Investigated by Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Moriyama Ryoichi , Wu Jenna W J , Ohshimo Keijiro , Misaizu Fuminori 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Collision cross sections of mass-selected even-sized vanadium oxide cluster cations and anions (V2O5)m/2+/− were measured by ion mobility mass spectrometry for m = 2–60. In comparison with the cross sections of the structures predicted by quantum chemical calculations, fullerene-like polyhedral structures were found to be one of the dominant isomer candidates for vanadium oxide cluster cations for the cluster size m ≥ 30. The assigned structures correspond to the structural motifs of polygonal prism and polyhedral structures, which were recently reported for VmOn+/− (m = 12–20) by the authors. In contrast to the cations, a structural transition was found around m = 12 for anions from polygonal prisms (m = 2–10) to compact structures (m = 12–60). These compact structures have densities between those of polyhedral structures and bulk-like structures.
Effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal thyroid function and body mass index
Authors: Ali Elrazi A. , Abdullahi Hala , Rayis Duria A. , Adam Ishag , Lutfi Mohamed F. 
Published: July 2016

Background: The exact influences of thyroid functions on body mass index (BMI) are ill-defined in euthyroid pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Objectives: To investigate the effect of GDM on maternal thyroid functions and BMI. Methods: A case- control study was conducted in Saad Abualila Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan June to August 2015. Cases included women with GDM and healthy pregnant women as controls. Thyroid hormones [thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free tri-iodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4)] and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibodies were measured. Results: BMI was significantly increased in GDM patients (26.3 (2.7) Kg/m2) compared with the control group (24.3(1.8) Kg/m2, P = 0.001). Levels of FT3 and FT4 were significantly decreased in GDM patients (0.632 (0.408 ─ 1.074) pg/ml; 0.672 (0.614 ─ 0.960) ng/dl) compared with the healthy pregnant women (0.820 (0.510─1.385) pg/ml, P = 0.021; 0.840 (0.767─1.200) ng/dl, P < 0.001). In contrast, anti-TPO and anti-TG were significantly higher in GDM patients (11.13 (7.969 ─13.090) IU/ml; 14.40 (10.91─20.69) IU/ml) compared with the control group (8.90 (6.375─10.48 IU/ml, P = 0.022; 10.50 (8.2─13.95) IU/ml, P = 0.010). BMI correlated negatively with FT3 (r = ─ 0. 375, P = 0.002) and FT4 (r = ─ 0. 316, P = 0.009) and positively with anti-TPO (r = 0.361, P = 0.002) and anti-TG (r = 0.393, P = 0.010). Conclusion: The present results add further evidence for decreased free thyroid hormones, increased anti-thyroid autoantibodies and higher BMI in patients with GDM compared to healthy pregnant women. BMI correlated directly with FT3 and FT4, but failed to demonstrate significant association with TSH.
Firm Rigidities and the Decline in Growth Opportunities
Authors: Loderer Claudio , Stulz René , Waelchli Urs 
Published: July 2016

As public firms exploit their growth opportunities following their initial public offering, their assets in place increase, and they organize themselves optimally to operate these assets efficiently, which requires a more formal and less flexible organization than to generate new growth opportunities. Our theory predicts that, as a result of these inflexibilities, firms fail to fully replace their growth opportunities, so that their Tobin’s q falls with age and they invest less as they grow older. With our theory, competition in the market for corporate control and capital markets monitoring increase the rate of decrease in Tobin’s q, while product and labor market competition slow it down. We find empirical support for these predictions. We also find evidence that the decline in q is related to firm rigidities. The Internet appendix is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2478 . This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
The Interplay Between Forward-Looking Measures and Target Setting
Authors: Bouwens Jan , Kroos Peter 
Published: July 2016

We examine whether financial targets are based on both forward-looking and financial information, rather than on financial information only. We collect sales and performance appraisal data of store managers in a retail chain. The firm issues directives focused on the provision of excellent customer service and assesses store managers’ compliance with these directives subjectively. We demonstrate that, controlling for current sales, compliance with directives scores predicts future sales performance. We find that, next to objective sales information, this forward-looking information is impounded in the next year’s sales target. Finally, we find some evidence that suggests that incorporating forward-looking information improves the accuracy of sales targets. This paper was accepted by Mary Barth, accounting.
OrganJet: Overcoming Geographical Disparities in Access to Deceased Donor Kidneys in the United States
Authors: Ata Barış , Skaro Anton , Tayur Sridhar 
Published: July 2016

There are over 90,000 patients in the United States waiting for a kidney transplant. Under the current allocation policy, the vast majority of deceased organs are allocated locally. This causes significant disparities in waiting times and access to transplant across different geographical areas. To ameliorate this inequity, we propose an operational solution that offers affordable jet services (OrganJet) to patients on the transplant waiting list, allowing them to list in multiple different, and possibly very distant, donation service areas (DSAs) of their choosing. First, using a fluid approximation, we formulate the patients’ problem of choosing a location to multiple list as a selfish routing game in which each patient tries to minimize his “congestion cost,” i.e., maximize his life expectancy. Through a combination of numerical, simulation, and analytical results, we show that multiple listing can lead to a significant improvement in geographic equity. In the special case when sufficiently many patients can multiple list, the geographic inequity disappears. Moreover, the supply of deceased donor organs increases under multiple listing, leading to more transplants and saved lives. We also consider a diffusion approximation and study the resulting multiple-listing game. The equilibrium outcome under the diffusion approximation is a second-order perturbation of that under the selfish routing formulation. In particular, the geographic equity metric, waiting times, and probabilities of receiving a transplant at various DSAs in equilibrium are second-order perturbations of those predicted by the selfish routing equilibrium. Hence, the analysis under the diffusion approximation also supports the finding that multiple listing leads to an improvement in geographic equity. In addition, restricting attention to the special case of sufficiently many patients multiple listing leads to an explicit characterization of the equilibria, which in turn yields additional structural insights. Last, we undertake a simulation study that supports aforementioned findings. This paper was accepted by Assaf Zeevi, stochastic models and simulation.
Estados Unidos (Mexicanos) e a espiral de violência: por uma breve crítica à noção de “Estado Falido” | United (Mexican) States and the spiral of violence: for a brief critique of the notion of "Failed State"
Authors: Gomes Simone Da Silva Ribeiro , Palhares Acácio Igor Daniel 
Published: July 2016

Neste artigo empreende-se uma breve crítica à noção de “Estado falido”, ilustrando seus limites ao enquadrar o do México nesse conceito. Faz-se isso por meio de uma análise do exemplo prático do tratamento internacional do México como tal: a Iniciativa Mérida. Finalmente, apresentamos uma breve análise de campo das repercussões societais do massacre de Aynotzinapa (2014).ABSTRACTThis paper undertakes a brief criticism of the notion of "failed state", illustrating its limits with the inclusion Mexico in this framework. Such reflections are undertaken by a practical example of such reality: the Merida Initiative. We also present elements of fieldwork based analysis of societal repercussions of the massacre of Ayotzinapa (2014).Palavras-chave: Estados Falidos, México, Iniciativa Mérida, Massacre de AyotzinapaKeywords: Failed States, Mexico, Merida Initiative, Ayotzinapa Massacre DOI: 10.12957/rmi.2015.19457 Recebido em 01 de novembro de 2015 / Received on November 01, 2015Aceito em 13 de dezembro de 2015 / Accepted December 13, 2015
Os empresários no Mercosul: distância ou participação? | Entrepreneurs in Mercosur: distance or participation?
Authors: Velasco Júnior Paulo Afonso Monteiro 
Published: July 2016

O Mercosul foi criado como um projeto fundamentalmente intergovernamental, com baixa participação dos atores sociais ou da classe empresarial. Com o passar dos anos, criaram-se espaços abertos a atuação dos empresários, mas percebe-se uma falta de articulação verdadeiramente regional ou transnacional. Há, na verdade, uma falta de representação nacional, com grupos organizados setorialmente e com posições muitos distintas em face do projeto integrador. Os contenciosos comerciais próprios da relação entre Brasil e Argentina nos últimos quinze anos explicam-se, em parte, por conta da pressões exercidas por grupos empresarias influentes sobre os governos nacionais, mas nem sempre representativos na economia do país. A ausência de um diálogo mais efetivo sobre a integração entre os governos nacionais e entidades empresarias representativas tem sido uma característica do Mercosul desde a sua criação e ainda hoje se manifesta com resultados negativos para o processo integrador.ABSTRACTMercosur was created basically as an intergovernamental project, with low participation of social actors or entrepreneurs. Over time, some spaces were opened to businessmen influence, however there is no truly regional or transnational coordination. There is actually a lack of national representation, with interest groups organized into economic sectors and with very different positions with regard to regional integration. Trade disputes between Brazil and Argentina in the last fifteen years can be partially explained because of the pressures exerted by business groups with large influence over national governments, but not always important to national economy. The absence of a more effective dialogue about integration between national governments and representative business associations has been a characteristic of Mercosur since its creation and may explain some negative outcomes in the integration process.Palavras-chave: Integração regional, Mercosul, empresários, representatividade.Keywords: Regional integration, Mercosur, entrepreneurs, representativity DOI: 10.12957/rmi.2015.19916 Recebido em 01 de dezembro de 2015 / Aceito em 20 de dezembro de 2015.Received on December 01, 2015 / Accepted December 20, 2015.
“Unidade cívico-militar” como fundamento da doutrina de defesa nacional bolivariana | “Civil-military Integration” as the foundation of the bolivarian nacional defence doctrine
Authors: De Moraes Cicero Pedro Henrique 
Published: July 2016

O artigo compila a trajetória institucional empreendida pela Revolução Bolivariana com vistas a adensar as relações cívico-militares no país, ou seja, a incorporar a civis em atividades até então restritas ao corpo militar nacional. Este projeto ancora-se em construções teóricas relacionadas aos conceitos de “guerra assimétrica” e de “pueblo en armas”. O texto conclui que, mesmo representando uma interessante e inovadora estratégia de ampliação do escopo da defesa nacional, em especial no que concerne à utilização do aparelho militar como apoio para conferir maior escala e eficiência na implementação de programas sociais, a crescente inclusão de civis em atividades eminentemente militares resulta numa potencialmente problemática transferência de responsabilidades no âmbito das estruturas de poder do Estado.ABSTRACTThe article compiles the institutional trajectory taken by the Bolivarian Revolution in order to enhance the civil-military relations in the country, i.e., to incorporate civilians in activities previously restricted to the national military structure. This project is anchored in theoretical constructs related to the ideas of “asymmetric warfare” and “pueblo en armas.” The paper concludes that, despite the fact that the initiative represents an interesting and innovative strategy of expansion of the scope of national defense, especially regarding the use of the military as a support to enhance the scale and efficiency in the implementation of social programs, the increasing inclusion of civilians in activities that are eminently military results in a potentially problematic transfer of responsibilities within the state power structures.Palavras-chave: Unidade cívico-militar – Guerra assimétrica – VenezuelaKeywords: Civil-military Integration - Asymmetric warfare – Venezuela DOI: 10.12957/rmi.2015.22162 Recebido em 24 de março de 2016 / Received March 24, 2016.Aceito em 20 de junho de 2016 / Accepted June 20, 2016
Comparing community models of COPD care
Authors: Flood-Page Patrick 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: In Gwent, South Wales, different models of community-based chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) care were developed in different local health boards (LHB) leading up to the year 2009. This gave a unique opportunity to compare the efficacy of different models among patients with similar demographic characteristics. Methods: Hospital admission data were compared for the three years before and after the introduction of COPD services around 2006. Primary care practices without access to services served as control populations. Results: Long-term conditions services where community nurses worked in isolation (Caerphilly), or that were based around primary care practices (Newport and Monmouthshire), showed an increase in COPD hospital admission of 12.3%, 43.4% and 20.8% respectively. This corresponded to an increase of 5.2% and 1.0% respectively in control practices (p < 0.01 for each LHB). In Blaenau Gwent and Torfaen, services integrated between primary and secondary care were associated with a reduction in admissions of 3.3% and 4.6% respectively. (p < 0.01). Conclusion: There is little evidence base to guide the large sums of money invested in community care across the UK for COPD and other long-term conditions. Our data suggest that services with close communication between primary and secondary care may be more effective than those developed around primary care alone.
Diabetic eye screening: A pragmatic approach
Authors: Parvizi Sahar , Khan Inayat 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: The primary aim of the NHS diabetic eye screening programme (DESP) is to reduce the risk of sight loss among people with diabetes. This is achieved through prompt identification and effective treatment of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. Currently, no nationally agreed referral standards for non-diabetic retinopathy that may also be identified on screening images exist. Methods: Referrals of ‘arterial emboli’ from a single DESP to one local hospital eye clinic over a one-year period were analysed, with information collected on assessments and pathways for each patient. Results: Retinal arterial emboli do not have ophthalmic treatment but require a full systemic workup due to the potential for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in these already higher risk patients. Referral to the eye clinic introduces undue and avoidable delay in pertinent investigations being carried out. Conclusions: We propose and have implemented a new shorter pathway for the referral of patients with retinal arterial emboli from the screening programme directly to the hospital's rapid access stroke clinic, where necessary investigations can be initiated in a timely and structured manner. This will lead to better risk stratification for medical and surgical treatment at an earlier time point, resulting in better and safer care for patients. It will also reduce the number of unnecessary appointments in the outpatient eye clinic, saving both cost and time.
Dynamic contact problem with thermal effect
Authors: Ogorzaly Justyna 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We consider a model of a dynamic frictional contact between the body and the foundation. In this model the contact is bilateral. The behaviour of the material is described by the elastic-viscoplastic constitutive law with thermal effect. The variational formulation of this model leads to a system of two evolution hemivariational inequalities. The aim of this paper is to prove that this system of inequalities has a unique solution. The proof is based on the Banach fixed point theorem and some results for hemivariational inequalities.
Back in business: history and evolution at the new Musée de l'Homme
Authors: Schlanger Nathan 
Published: July 2016

The public will not allow us to deal exclusively with things that are facile, amusing, curious, bizarre, passé, things that present no danger, because they concern societies which are either extinct or remote from our own. The public wants studies with conclusions relevant for the present[. . .]let us not be weary of bringing[scientific]facts into the debate. And if our practical conclusions will turn out to be meagre and hardly topical? All the more reason for us to propagate them liberally and energetically.(Marcel Mauss 1927, cited in Schlanger 2006: 15)
Naturaleza de los derechos humanos
Authors: López Dawson Carlos 
Published: July 2016

En la formación de una nueva Carta Fundamental los constituyentes requerirán conocer o consensuar sobre la naturaleza de los derechos humanos; luego, determinar cómo el Estado hará efectivo el respeto de tales derechos. Para ello es necesario recurrir a la historia y evolución de estos derechos, y el presente trabajo trata de contribuir a un debate productivo eficiente sobre la naturaleza de los derechos humanos, para que los ciudadanos puedan decidir en el entendido de que se trata de una decisión democrática reflexionada y fundada en el humanismo. El análisis se sitúa en el contexto técnico-ideológico del sistema republicano vigente que corresponde al estado actual del derecho internacional.
Fervor y marginalidad de las ciclomovilidades en Colombia (1950-1970)
Authors: Salazar Arenas Oscar Iván 
Published: July 2016

<p>Este artículo describe la ambivalencia de los significados de las ciclomovilidades, en las décadas de los cincuenta y de los sesenta, en Colombia. Este fue un periodo de gran incremento del uso cotidiano de la cicla, así como de consolidación de la Vuelta a Colombia. El análisis busca comprender el papel de las bicicletas y los ciclistas en las prácticas, y los sentidos de las movilidades cotidianas de las ciudades. Los resultados de laindagación se describen y discuten por medio de tres aspectos claves: las incorporaciones y coproducciones de ciclistas y bicicletas, la fiebre del ciclismo impulsada por las primerasVueltas a Colombia y los conflictos derivados de la presencia de las bicicletas en las calles de las ciudades. El estudio usa el análisis visual y de contenido de fuentes de prensa de Bogotá yBarranquilla, desde una perspectiva cualitativa. Además, contempla la aplicación de procedimientos de clasificación y codificación del material, con el objetivo de elaborar categorías emergentes. Tales procedimientos son afines con una perspectiva comprensiva, que apuesta por una descripción densa de las ideas, las nociones, los puntos de vista y lasexplicaciones que están en juego en un corpus de información producido en unas circunstancias de tiempo, lugar, actores y relaciones de poder particulares. Entre los tipos de textos e imágenes analizados, se cuentan noticias, crónicas periodísticas, publicidad y fotografías publicadas en diversos medios, incluyendo prensa y libros de gran formato.El ejercicio interpretativo que se presenta en este artículo forma parte del desarrollo de la categoría subjetividades móviles, orientada a comprender los ensamblajes de las movilidades urbanas, en un periodo de grandes cambios en las calles, las técnicas de movilidad y la vida cotidiana en las ciudades colombianas. El principal resultado de esta indagación es la descripción de la situación ambivalente de las ciclomovilidades en Colombia, en un periodo en el que aumentaron notablemente el uso de la bicicleta en las ciudades, la afición por el ciclismo y los riesgos asociados con su uso cotidiano.</p>