bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experience of social exclusion in women with a history of suicidal acts: a neuroimaging study
Authors: Olié Emilie , Jollant Fabrice , Deverdun Jeremy , de Champfleur Nicolas Menjot , Cyprien Fabienne , Le Bars Emmanuelle , Mura Thibaut , Bonafé Alain , Courtet Philippe 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSuicidal behaviors result from a complex interaction between social stressors and individual vulnerability. However, little is known of the specific neural network supporting the sensitivity to social stressors in patients at risk of suicidal acts. Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, we investigated brain processing of social rejection in suicide attempters. Thirty-six euthymic women with a history of depression and suicidal behavior were compared to 41 euthymic women with a history of depression but no suicidal attempt, and 28 healthy controls. The Cyberball Game was used as a validated social exclusion paradigm. Relative to healthy controls, both patient groups reported higher levels of social distress related to the task, without significant differences according to suicidal status. Compared to patients without any history of suicide attempt and healthy controls, suicide attempters showed decreased contrast in the left insula and supramarginal gyrus during the exclusion vs. inclusion condition, after controlling for number of depressive episodes, medication, mood disorder type or social phobia. Our study highlights impaired brain response to social exclusion in euthymic female suicide attempters in regions previously implicated in pain tolerance and social cognition. These findings suggest sustained brain dysfunctions related to social perception in suicide attempters.
Six-month efficacy of platelet-rich plasma for carpal tunnel syndrome: A prospective randomized, single-blind controlled trial
Authors: Wu Yung-Tsan , Ho Tsung-Yen , Chou Yu-Ching , Ke Ming-Jen , Li Tsung-Ying , Huang Guo-Shu , Chen Liang-Cheng 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRecently, a few small reports with short follow-up period have shown clinical benefits of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for peripheral neuropathy including one pilot study and one small, non-randomized trial in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Therefore, we conducted a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial to assess the 6-month effect of PRP in patients with CTS. Sixty patients with unilateral mild-to-moderate CTS were randomized into two groups of 30, namely the PRP and control groups. In the PRP group, patients were injected with one dose of 3 mL of PRP using ultrasound guidance and the control group received a night splint through the study period. The primary outcome measure was the visual analog scale (VAS) and secondary outcome measures included the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTQ) score, the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve (MN), electrophysiological findings of the MN, and finger pinch strength. The evaluation was performed before treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months post-injection. The PRP group exhibited a significant reduction in the VAS score, BCTQ score, and CSA of MN compared to the those of control group 6 months post-treatment (p < 0.05). Our study demonstrates that PRP is a safe modality that effectively relieves pain and improves disability in the patients with CTS.
RNAi screens for Rho GTPase regulators of cell shape and YAP/TAZ localisation in triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Pascual-Vargas Patricia , Cooper Samuel , Sero Julia , Bousgouni Vicky , Arias-Garcia Mar , Bakal Chris 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn order to metastasise, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) must make dynamic changes in cell shape. The shape of all eukaryotic cells is regulated by Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (RhoGEFs), which activate Rho-family GTPases in response to mechanical and informational cues. In contrast, Rho GTPase-activating proteins (RhoGAPs) inhibit Rho GTPases. However, which RhoGEFs and RhoGAPS couple TNBC cell shape to changes in their environment is very poorly understood. Moreover, whether the activity of particular RhoGEFs and RhoGAPs become dysregulated as cells evolve the ability to metastasise is not clear. Towards the ultimate goal of identifying RhoGEFs and RhoGAPs that are essential for TNBC metastasis, we performed an RNAi screen to isolate RhoGEFs and RhoGAPs that contribute to the morphogenesis of the highly metastatic TNBC cell line LM2, and its less-metastatic parental cell line MDA-MB-231. For ~6 million cells from each cell line, we measured 127 different features following the depletion of 142 genes. Using a linear classifier scheme we also describe the morphological heterogeneity of each gene-depleted population.
Systematic high-content genome-wide RNAi screens of endothelial cell migration and morphology
Authors: Williams Steven P. , Gould Cathryn M. , Nowell Cameron J. , Karnezis Tara , Achen Marc G. , Simpson Kaylene J. , Stacker Steven A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMany cell types undergo migration during embryogenesis and disease. Endothelial cells line blood vessels and lymphatics, which migrate during development as part of angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and other types of vessel remodelling. These processes are also important in wound healing, cancer metastasis and cardiovascular conditions. However, the molecular control of endothelial cell migration is poorly understood. Here, we present a dataset containing siRNA screens that identify known and novel components of signalling pathways regulating migration of lymphatic endothelial cells. These components are compared to signalling in blood vascular endothelial cells. Further, using high-content microscopy, we captured a dataset of images of migrating cells following transfection with a genome-wide siRNA library. These datasets are suitable for the identification and analysis of genes involved in endothelial cell migration and morphology, and for computational approaches to identify signalling networks controlling the migratory response and integration of cell morphology, gene function and cell signaling. This may facilitate identification of protein targets for therapeutically modulating angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in the context of human disease.
Predictors of Outcome in Modern Surgery for Lung Abscess
Authors: Solymosi Norbert , Dubecz Attila , John Joseph , West Doug , Boenisch Paul , Karmy-Jones Riyad , Ospina Carlos , Almeida Ana , Witzigmann Helmut , Stein Hubert , Schweigert Michael 
Published: March 2017

Background Surgery for lung abscess is a challenging task. Timing and indications for surgery are not well established. Identification of predictors of outcome could help to clarify the role of surgery.
Methods Patients who underwent major thoracic surgery for infectious lung abscess were identified at six centers for general thoracic surgery in Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Study period was 2000 to 2016.
Results There were 91 patients. Pulmonary sepsis (48), pleural empyema (43), persistent air leakage (25), acute renal failure (12), and respiratory failure with mechanical ventilation (25) were already preoperatively present. The mean Charlson index of comorbidity was 3.0 (median: 2.0; interquartile range: 3). Procedures were segmentectomy (18), lobectomy (58), and pneumonectomy (15). The 30-day mortality following surgery was 13/91.Preoperative sepsis (odds ratio [OR]: 13.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86–610.53; p < 0.01), preoperative persistent air leak (OR: 13.46, 95% CI: 3.00–85.37, p < 0.01), respiratory failure (OR: 5.60; 95% CI: 1.41–24.84; p < 0.01), acute renal failure (OR: 6.15 ; 95% CI: 1.24–29.56 ; p = 0.01), and Charlson index of comorbidity ≥ 3 (OR: 7.19 ; 95% CI: 1.43–71.21 ; p < 0.01) are associated with higher mortality, whereas age > 70 years (p = 0.46) and the extent of pulmonary resection (segmentectomy, lobectomy, pneumonectomy) have no significant influence on mortality. Patients with fatal outcome have significantly higher Charlson index of comorbidity (p < 0.01).
Conclusions Delayed referral for surgery is common. Significant predictors for fatal outcome are pulmonary sepsis, septic complications (air leak, pleural empyema), septic organ failure (respiratory, acute renal failure), and preexisting comorbidity (Charlson index of comorbidity ≥ 3). The extent of surgical resection shows no significant influence.
Computed Tomography Measurement of Inferior Turbinate in Asymptomatic Adult
Authors: El-Anwar Mohammad , Hamed Atef , Abdulmonaem Ghada , Elnashar Ismail , Elfiki Inas 
Published: March 2017

Introduction The inferior turbinate (IT) is the most susceptible turbinate to enlargement causing nasal obstruction. The common belief ascribes most of the enlargement of the IT to mucosal elements.
Objective This study aimed to investigate the detailed computed tomography (CT) measurement of the IT in asymptomatic adult by determining the thickness of both the non-bony (mucosa) and bony parts and their relation to nasal air space in different related areas of the nose.
Methods We included in the study paranasal CT scans of 108 individuals (216 IT) that had no paranasal pathology. We acquired axial images with multiplanar reformates to obtain delicate details in coronal and sagittal planes for all subjects. We took separate measurements of the thickness of the medial mucosa, bones, and lateral mucosa of the IT on the anterior and posterior portions of ITs. We also measured the air space of the nasal cavity between the septum and IT anteriorly and posteriorly.
Results The difference in the air space between nasal septum, anterior and posterior ends of IT was extremely statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The thickness of the medial mucosa was extremely significantly more than the lateral mucosa width (P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in length of IT at both sides (p = 0.5781).
Conclusion The detailed CT measurement of the IT in normal adult is an easy and novel measurement. This study lays the foundation for CT measurement of IT for further work that can describe changes in IT measures after turbinate surgery.
Assessing significance in a Markov chain without mixing
Authors: Chikina Maria , Frieze Alan , Pegden Wesley 
Published: March 2017

SignificanceMarkov chains are simple mathematical objects that can be used to generate random samples from a probability space by taking a random walk on elements of the space. Unfortunately, in applications, it is often unknown how long a chain must be run to generate good samples, and in practice, the time required is often simply too long. This difficulty can preclude the possibility of using Markov chains to make rigorous statistical claims in many cases. We develop a rigorous statistical test for Markov chains which can avoid this problem, and apply it to the problem of detecting bias in Congressional districting.
Systematic inference of functional phosphorylation events in yeast metabolism
Authors: Chen Yu , Wang Yonghong , Nielsen Jens 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification that affects proteins by changing their structure and conformation in a rapid and reversible way, and it is an important mechanism for metabolic regulation in cells. Phosphoproteomics enables high-throughput identification of phosphorylation events on metabolic enzymes, but identifying functional phosphorylation events still requires more detailed biochemical characterization. Therefore, development of computational methods for investigating unknown functions of a large number of phosphorylation events identified by phosphoproteomics has received increased attention.

Results
We developed a mathematical framework that describes the relationship between phosphorylation level of a metabolic enzyme and the corresponding flux through the enzyme. Using this framework, it is possible to quantitatively estimate contribution of phosphorylation events to flux changes. We showed that phosphorylation regulation analysis, combined with a systematic workflow and correlation analysis, can be used for inference of functional phosphorylation events in steady and dynamic conditions, respectively. Using this analysis, we assigned functionality to phosphorylation events of 17 metabolic enzymes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, among which 10 are novel. Phosphorylation regulation analysis cannot only be extended for inference of other functional post-translational modifications but also be a promising scaffold for multi-omics data integration in systems biology.

Availability and Implementation
Matlab codes for flux balance analysis in this study are available in Supplementary material.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The landscape of genetic susceptibility correlations among diseases and traits
Authors: Ohn Jung Hun 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to comprehensively explore the genetic susceptibility correlations among diseases and traits from large-scale individual genotype data.
Materials and Methods: Based on a knowledge base of genetic variants significantly (P &lt; 5 × 10−8) linked with human phenotypes, genetic risk scores (GRSs) of diseases or traits were calculated for 2504 individuals with whole-genome sequencing data from the 1000 Genomes Project. Associations between diseases/traits were statistically evaluated by pairwise correlation analysis of GRSs. Overlaps between the genetic susceptibility correlations and disease comorbidity associations from hospital claims data in more than 30 million patients in United States were assessed.
Results: Correlation analysis of GRSs revealed 823 significant correlations among 78 diseases and 89 traits (false discovery rate adjusted P-value or Q-value &lt; 0.01). It is noticeable that GRSs were correlated in 464 associations (56.4%) even if they were combinations of distinct sets of risk variants without chromosomal linkage, suggesting the presence of genetic interactions beyond chromosome position. When 312 significant genetic susceptibility correlations between diseases were compared to nationwide disease comorbidity correlations obtained from data from 32 million Medicare claims in the United States, 108 overlaps (34.6%) were found that had both genetic susceptibility and epidemiologic comorbid correlations.
Conclusion: The study suggests that common genetic background exists between diseases and traits with epidemiologic associations. The GRS correlation approach provides a rich source of candidate associations among diseases and traits from the genetic perspective, warranting further epidemiologic studies.
Liquid Consumption
Authors: Bardhi Fleura , Eckhardt Giana M 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This article introduces a new dimension of consumption as liquid or solid. Liquid consumption is defined as ephemeral, access based, and dematerialized, while solid consumption is defined as enduring, ownership based, and material. Liquid and solid consumption are conceptualized as existing on a spectrum, with four conditions leading to consumption being liquid, solid, or a combination of the two: relevance to the self, the nature of social relationships, accessibility to mobility networks, and type of precarity experienced. Liquid consumption is needed to explain behavior within digital contexts, in access-based consumption, and in conditions of global mobility. It highlights a consumption orientation around values of flexibility, adaptability, fluidity, lightness, detachment, and speed. Implications of liquid consumption are discussed for the domains of attachment and appropriation; the importance of use value; materialism; brand relationships and communities; identity; prosumption and the prosumer; and big data, quantification of the self, and surveillance. Lastly, managing the challenges of liquid consumption and its effect on consumer welfare are explored.
A possible time-delayed brightening of the Sgr A* accretion flow after the pericenter passage of the G2 cloud
Authors: Kawashima Tomohisa , Matsumoto Yosuke , Matsumoto Ryoji 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
A possibility of time-delayed radio brightenings of Sgr A* triggered by the pericenter passage of the G2 cloud is studied by carrying out global three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations, taking into account the radiative cooling of the tidal debris of the G2 cloud. Magnetic fields in the accretion flow are strongly perturbed and reorganized after the passage of G2. We have found that the magnetic energy in the accretion flow increased by a factor of 3–4 in 5–10 yr after the passage of G2 through a dynamo mechanism driven by the magneto-rotational instability. Since this B-field amplification enhances the synchrotron emission from the disk and the outflow, the radio and the infrared luminosity of Sgr A* are expected to increase some time, around 2020. The time delay of the radio brightening enables us to determine the rotation axis of the preexisting disk.
Variation Among Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeons When Diagnosing and Treating Pediatric and Adolescent Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Dua Karan , Stein Matthew K. , O’Hara Nathan N. , Brighton Brian K. , Hennrikus William L. , Herman Martin J. , Lawrence J. Todd , Mehlman Charles T. , Otsuka Norman Y. , Shrader M. Wade , Smith Brian G. , Sponseller Paul D. , Abzug Joshua M. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Distal radius fractures are the most common injury in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study was to determine the variation among pediatric orthopaedic surgeons when diagnosing and treating distal radius fractures.

Methods:
Nine pediatric orthopaedic surgeons reviewed 100 sets of wrist radiographs and were asked to describe the fracture, prescribe the type of treatment and length of immobilization, and determine the next follow-up visit. κ statistics were performed to assess the agreement with the chance agreement removed.

Results:
Only fair agreement was present when diagnosing and classifying the distal radius fractures (κ=0.379). There was poor agreement regarding the type of treatment that would be recommended (κ=0.059). There was no agreement regarding the length of immobilization (κ=−0.004).
Poor agreement was also present regarding when the first follow-up visit should occur (κ=0.088), whether or not new radiographs should be obtained at the first follow-up visit (κ=0.133), and if radiographs were necessary at the final follow-up visit (κ=0.163). Surgeons had fair agreement regarding stability of the fracture (κ=0.320).
A subgroup analysis comparing various traits of the treatment immobilization showed providers only had a slight level of agreement on whether splint or cast immobilization should be used (κ=0.072). There was poor agreement regarding whether long-arm or short-arm immobilization should be prescribed (κ=−0.067).
Twenty-three of the 100 radiographs were diagnosed as a torus/buckle fracture by all 9 surgeons. κ analysis performed on all the treatment and management questions showed that each query had poor agreement.

Conclusions:
The interobserver reliability of diagnosing pediatric distal radius fractures showed only fair agreement. This study demonstrates that there is no standardization regarding how to treat these fractures and the length of immobilization required for proper fracture healing. Better classification systems of distal radius fractures are needed that standardize the treatment of these injuries.

Level of Evidence:
Level II.
Accuracy and Reliability of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Compared With True Anatomic Femoral Version
Authors: Beebe Michael J. , Wylie James D. , Bodine Bill G. , Kapron Ashley L. , Maak Travis G. , Mei-Dan Omer , Aoki Stephen K. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Abnormal torsion of the femur is correlated to lower extremity pathologies. Although computed tomography (CT) scan is the gold standard torsional measurement, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is proposed as a viable alternative. Our aim was to determine the accuracy and consistency of MRI and CT femur rotational studies based on 4 described protocols.

Methods:
Twelve cadaveric femora were stripped of soft tissue before imaging and physical assessment of torsion. Four advanced imaging series were obtained for each specimen: CT with axial cuts of the femoral neck (CT-axial); CT with oblique cuts of the femoral neck (CT-oblique); MRI with axial cuts of the femoral neck (MR-axial); MRI with oblique cuts of the femoral neck (MR-oblique). Anatomic specimens were placed with the posterior femoral condyles flat on a dissection table for assessment of true torsion with digital images. Three independent reviewers performed all measurements, including true torsion, using imaging software. Bland-Altman analysis was repeated with the data from each reviewer.

Results:
Interobserver repeatability for all groups was high at 0.95, 0.87, 0.90, 0.97, and 0.92 for CT-axial, CT-oblique, MR-axial, MR-oblique, and true torsion, respectively. CT-axial had the lowest mean difference from clinical imaging for all three observers (all <1 degree) and held the tightest 95% limits of agreement for 2/3 observers. As torsion increases from neutral, MR-oblique linearly overestimates the rotation compared with true torsion. CT-oblique and MR-axial showed slightly greater differences from true torsion compared with CT-axial, but did not reach clinical significance.

Conclusions:
CT-axial was both most accurate and reproducible when compared with true torsion of the femur and should be the gold standard imaging modality; however, both MR-axial and CT-oblique were accurate to a level that is likely less than clinical significance. MR-axial images should be used in clinical situations where radiation exposure needs to be limited. MR-oblique images can overestimate true antetorsion and should not be used.

Clinic Significance:
CT-axial followed by MRI-axial is the most accurate and consistent in measuring true torsion of the femur.