bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paraganglioma of the Renal Pelvis: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Yi Cheng , Han Lin , Yang Rui , Yu Junfeng 
Published: August 2017

Purpose Paraganglioma, a kind of pheochromocytoma originating from embryonic neural crest, is a rare neuroendocrine neoplasm commonly located at extra-adrenal areas such as head, neck, and abdomen. There are a few reports on renal paragangliomas; fewer than 5 reported cases are renal pelvic paragangliomas, including our case. Methods Our patient, who had not experienced headache, hypertension, or palpitation, was founded to have a fixed mass in the left renal pelvis incidentally. Ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a heterogeneous mass before surgery, and histopathologic test subsequently revealed that the infrequent mass was paraganglioma. Results During 6 months follow-up, ultrasonography and CT examinations showed no signs of recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions The present case report confirms surgery as the standard to treat patients with paraganglioma. We present this case to serve as a reminder of suspected paraganglioma when it has occurred in renal pelvis.
Atrial fibrillation and psychological factors: a systematic review
Authors: Galli Federica , Borghi Lidia , Carugo Stefano , Cavicchioli Marco , Faioni Elena Maria , Negroni Maria Silvia , Vegni Elena 
Published: August 2017

Background
Psychological factors have been suggested to have an influence in Atrial Fibrillation (AF) onset, progression, severity and outcomes, but their role is unclear and mainly focused on anxiety and depression.

Methods
A systematic electronic search had been conducted to identify studies exploring different psychological factors in AF. The search retrieved 832 articles that were reviewed according to inclusion criteria: observational study with a control/comparison group; use of standardized and validated instruments for psychological assessment. Results were summarized qualitatively and quantitatively by effect size measure (Cohen’s d and its 95% confidence interval). Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and the PRISMA Statement were adopted.

Results
Eight studies were included in the systematic review. Depression was the most studied construct/ but only one study showed a clear link with AF. The remaining studies showed small and non-significant (95% CI [−0.25–1.00]) differences between AF and controls, no differences in frequency of depression history (95% CI [−0.14–0.22]) or in case frequency (95% CI [−0.50–0.04]). Miscellaneous results were found as far as anxiety: AF patients showed higher levels when compared to healthy subjects (95% CI [2.05–2.95]), but findings were inconsistent when compared to other heart diseases. Considering personality and life-events preceding AF, we respectively found a large (95% CI [1.87–2.49]) and a moderate to large effect (95% CI [0.48–0.98]).

Discussion
The small number of studies does not allow to draw clear-cut conclusions on the involvement of psychological factors in AF. Promising lines of research are related to personality and adverse life-events, and to the increase of longitudinal design studies. Some methodological problems could be overcome by including clinical psychologists in the implementation of research protocols.
Rapid recovery of tigers Panthera tigris in Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Nepal
Authors: Lamichhane Babu Ram , Pokheral Chiranjibi Prasad , Poudel Shashank , Adhikari Dipendra , Giri Sailendra Raj , Bhattarai Santosh , Bhatta Tek Raj , Pickles Rob , Amin Rajan , Acharya Krishna Prasad , Dhakal Maheshwar , Regmi Uba Raj , Ram Ashok Kumar , Subedi Naresh 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInformation on density and abundance of globally threatened species such as tigers Panthera tigris is essential for effective conservation as well as to evaluate the success of conservation programmes. We monitored tigers in Parsa Widlife Reserve, Nepal, using camera traps, in 2013, 2014 and 2016. Once believed to be a sink for tigers from adjacent Chitwan National Park, Parsa now provides a new hope for tigers. Spatially explicit capture–recapture analysis over 3 survey years revealed an increase in tiger density from 0.78 to 1.38 individuals per 100 km2 from 2013 to 2016. The tiger abundance was estimated to be seven (6–13), 11 (10–16) and 17 (17–20) in 2013, 2014 and 2016, respectively. Resettlement of communities from the core area, reduced anthropogenic pressure, and improved security have made Parsa Wildlife Reserve a suitable habitat for tigers. Tiger abundance increased considerably within a 5 km radius of the evacuated village sites, from two in 2013 to eight in 2014 and 10 in 2016. Population turnover has remained moderate (< 30% per year), with persistence of individuals in multiple years. Dispersing tigers from Chitwan's source population accounted for a large portion (c. 40%) of the tigers detected in Parsa. Conservation efforts along with annual monitoring should be continued in Parsa to sustain the increase and monitor the persistence of tigers. The Chitwan–Parsa complex should be managed as a single ecological unit for conserving the Endangered tiger and other wide-ranging species.
Progress towards non-invasive diagnosis and follow-up of celiac disease in children; a prospective multicentre study to the usefulness of plasma I-FABP
Authors: Adriaanse M. P. M. , Mubarak A. , Riedl R. G. , Ten Kate F. J. W. , Damoiseaux J. G. M. C. , Buurman W. A. , Houwen R. H. J. , Vreugdenhil A. C. E. ,   Celiac Disease Study Group, Beeren M. C. G. , van Dael C. M. L. , Engelberts A. C. , Hanekom J. H. , Hendriks J. J. E. , Hubregtse T. , Jonkers R. , Kapteijns L. S. , Kerkvliet E. M. , van den Neucker A. M. , Potgieter S. , Raaijmakers J. , Rosias P. P. R. , Stouthart P. J. H. M. , Theunissen P. M. V. M. , van Wering H. M. , Wijnands J. B. G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis prospective study investigates whether measurement of plasma intestinal-fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), a sensitive marker for small intestinal epithelial damage, improves non-invasive diagnosing of celiac disease (CD), and whether I-FABP levels are useful to evaluate mucosal healing in patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD). Ninety children with elevated tTG-IgA titres and HLA-DQ2/DQ8 positivity were included (study group). Duodenal biopsies were taken, except in those fulfilling the ESPGHAN criteria. Plasma I-FABP levels and tTG-IgA titres were assessed sequentially during six months of follow-up. Eighty children with normal tTG-IgA titres served as control group. In 61/90 (67.8%) of the children in the study group an increased I-FABP level was found; in all these children CD diagnosis was confirmed. Interestingly, in 14/30 (46.7%) children with slightly elevated tTG-IgA titres (<10x upper limit of normal), an increased I-FABP level was found. In all these children the diagnosis of CD was confirmed histologically. After gluten elimination for six weeks I-FABP levels had decreased towards levels in the control group. Measurement of plasma I-FABP, in addition to tTG-IgA, EMA-IgA and HLAtyping, enables non-invasive diagnosing of CD in a substantial number of children, and might therefore be of value in the diagnostic approach of CD.
Effects of temporal correlations in social multiplex networks
Authors: Starnini Michele , Baronchelli Andrea , Pastor-Satorras Romualdo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMulti-layered networks represent a major advance in the description of natural complex systems, and their study has shed light on new physical phenomena. Despite its importance, however, the role of the temporal dimension in their structure and function has not been investigated in much detail so far. Here we study the temporal correlations between layers exhibited by real social multiplex networks. At a basic level, the presence of such correlations implies a certain degree of predictability in the contact pattern, as we quantify by an extension of the entropy and mutual information analyses proposed for the single-layer case. At a different level, we demonstrate that temporal correlations are a signature of a ‘multitasking’ behavior of network agents, characterized by a higher level of switching between different social activities than expected in a uncorrelated pattern. Moreover, temporal correlations significantly affect the dynamics of coupled epidemic processes unfolding on the network. Our work opens the way for the systematic study of temporal multiplex networks and we anticipate it will be of interest to researchers in a broad array of fields.
Pericardiectomy for Constrictive Pericarditis: An Institution's 21 Years Experience
Authors: Rupprecht Leopold , Putz Christina , Flörchinger Bernhard , Zausig York , Camboni Daniele , Unsöld Bernhard , Schmid Christof 
Published: August 2017

Background The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate our experience with the surgical pericardiectomy procedure for patients suffering from isolated severe constrictive pericarditis.
Methods From 1995 to 2016, 39 patients underwent isolated pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis. Fifteen patients were excluded because of concomitant surgery. There were 31 male (79.5%) patients and 8 female (20.5%) patients, 28 to 76 years old (mean, 56.6 ± 13.6 years). The underlying etiologies were idiopathic pericarditis (74.5%), infection (10%), rheumatic disorders (8%), status post cardiac surgery (2.5%), tuberculosis (2.5%), and status post mediastinal irradiation (2.5%).
Results Pericardiectomy was performed through midline sternotomy in all cases. Sixteen patients (41%) underwent pericardiectomy electively employing cardiopulmonary bypass with the heart beating, and 23 patients (59%) had surgery without extracorporeal circulation (ECC). The overall 30-day mortality rate was 50% if cardiopulmonary bypass was used (13.8% since 2007). If surgery was performed without a heart–lung machine, mortality was 0%. On-pump patients had a significantly longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay (12 ± 9 vs. 4 ± 4 days, p = 0.013). Likewise, the duration of mechanical ventilation was much longer (171 ± 246 vs. 21 ± 40 hours, p = 0.04). The hospital stay was comparable with 28 ± 10 and 24 ± 18 days (p = 0.21).
Conclusion The present study demonstrates that pericardiectomy, without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass as treatment for constrictive pericarditis, is a safe procedure with an excellent outcome in critically ill patients.
Outcomes of Cranioplasty with Preformed Titanium versus Freehand Molded Polymethylmethacrylate Implants
Authors: Werzmirzowsky Korbinian , Ott Christian , Hohenberger Christoph , Hassanin Bahaa , Brawanski Alexander , Schebesch Karl-Michael , Höhne Julius 
Published: August 2017

Objective Cranioplasty reshapes the neurocranium and viscerocranium after craniectomy. Different materials have been used for cranioplasty. However, no consistent data are yet available comparing these different materials regarding indications, complications, and outcome. We report our experience with preformed titanium implants and freehand molded polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implants for cranioplasty.
Methods This retrospective single-center analysis included 120 consecutive cranioplasty patients who had been operated between 2006 and 2013. A total of 60 patients (27 women, 33 men; mean age: 54 years) had received a preformed titanium implant and 60 patients (22 women, 38 men; mean age: 46 years) a freehand molded PMMA implant. We evaluated all demographic and procedure-related data, indications, and outcome. The longest follow-up was 5.5 years.
Results The most frequent indications for cranioplasty were trauma (n = 48 [40%]), malignant infarction (n = 27 [23%]), tumor (n = 22 [18%]), spontaneous intracerebral or aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 16 [13%]), revision surgery (n = 5 [4%]), and empyema (n = 2 [2%]). PMMA implants were more often associated with wound-healing disorders (p < 0.023; odds ratio [OR]: 10.53) and epidural hematoma (p < 0.03; OR: 8.46), resulting in a significantly higher re-operation rate (p < 0.005). Precise fitting was radiologically confirmed in 98% of titanium implants but in only 71% of PMMA implants (p < 0.001). Magnetic resonance imaging of patients with titanium implants (n = 4) did not show any relevant artifacts.
Conclusion Cranioplasty with preformed titanium implants seems to be superior to freehand molded PMMA implants regarding surgical morbidity, revision rate, and aesthetic results.
Reliability of unipodal and bipodal counter movement jump landings in a recreational male population
Authors: Schwartz Cédric , Forthomme Bénédicte , Paulus Julien , Kaux Jean‐François , Brüls Olivier , Denoël Vincent , Croisier Jean‐Louis 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMovement patterns during landing have been suggested to be related to injury risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the inter‐session reliability of kinematic variables and ground reaction forces during landing in a population of male recreational athletes after a counter movement jump. Both unipodal and bipodal landings were evaluated. Furthermore, the possibility to improve landing reliability with a verbal instruction was also studied. Twenty‐four male volunteers with no history of lower extremity trauma were randomly assigned to two groups (with and without verbal landing instruction). An optoelectronic 3D system and force plates were used to measure the lower limb joint angles and the ground reaction forces during landing. Intraclass correlation values show moderate to excellent inter‐session reliability for the bipodal task (ICC average: 0.80, range: 0.46–0.97) and poor to excellent reliability for the unipodal task (ICC average: >0.75, range: 0.20–0.95). However, large standard errors of measurement values at the ankle joint at impact (27.6 ± 11.5°) and for the vertical ground reaction forces (394 ± 1091 N) show that some variables may not be usable in practice. The verbal instruction had a negative effect on the reliability of unipodal landing but improved the reliability of bipodal landing. These findings show that the reliability of a landing task is influenced by its motor complexity as well as the instruction given to the subject.
Influence of the Neonicotinoid Insecticide Thiamethoxam on miRNA Expression in the Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Shi Teng-Fei , Wang Yu-Fei , Liu Fang , Qi Lei , Yu Lin-Sheng 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous noncoding single-stranded RNAs regulating gene expression in eukaryotes. They play important roles in regulating caste differentiation, behavior development, and immune defences in the honey bee, Apis mellifera (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Apidae). In this study, we explored the effect of the neonicotinoid insecticide, thiamethoxam, on miRNA expression in this species using deep small RNA sequencing. The results showed that seven miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed (q-value &lt;0.01 and |log2(fold-change)| &gt;1) upon exposure to 10 ppb thiamethoxam over 10 d. Some candidate target genes were related to behavior, immunity, and neural function. Several miRNAs, including ame-miR-124, ame-miR-981, ame-miR-3791, and ame-miR-6038, were selected and further validated using real-time quantitative PCR analysis. The findings expand our understanding of the effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on honey bees at the molecular level.
Anisotropic Cellular Mechanoresponse for Radial Size Maintenance of Developing Epithelial Tubes
Authors: Hirashima Tsuyoshi , Adachi Taiji 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCellular behaviors responding to mechanical forces control the size of multicellular tissues as demonstrated in isotropic size maintenance of developing tissues. However, how mechanoresponse systems work to maintain anisotropic tissue size including tube radial size remains unknown. Here we reveal the system underlying radial size maintenance of the murine epididymal tubule by combining quantitative imaging, mathematical modeling, and mechanical perturbations. We found that an oriented cell intercalation making the tubule radial size smaller counteracts a cell tension reduction due to neighbor cell division along the tubule circumferential axis. Moreover, we demonstrated that the tubule cells enhance actomyosin constriction driving the cell intercalation in response to mechanical forces anisotropically applied on the cells. Our results suggest that epididymal tubule cells have endogenous systems for responding as active cell movement to mechanical forces exclusively along the circumferential axis, and the anisotropic cellular mechanoresponse spontaneously controls the tubule radial size.
Alien plant invasions in European woodlands
Authors: Wagner Viktoria , Chytrý Milan , Jiménez‐Alfaro Borja , Pergl Jan , Hennekens Stephan , Biurrun Idoia , Knollová Ilona , Berg Christian , Vassilev Kiril , Rodwell John S. , Škvorc Željko , Jandt Ute , Ewald Jörg , Jansen Florian , Tsiripidis Ioannis , Botta‐Dukát Zoltán , Casella Laura , Attorre Fabio , Rašomavičius Valerijus , Ćušterevska Renata , Schaminée Joop H. J. , Brunet Jörg , Lenoir Jonathan , Svenning Jens‐Christian , Kącki Zygmunt , Petrášová‐Šibíková Mária , Šilc Urban , García‐Mijangos Itziar , Campos Juan Antonio , Fernández‐González Federico , Wohlgemuth Thomas , Onyshchenko Viktor , Pyšek Petr 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimWoodlands make up a third of European territory and carry out important ecosystem functions, yet a comprehensive overview of their invasion by alien plants has never been undertaken across this continent.LocationEurope.MethodsWe extracted data from 251,740 vegetation plots stored in the recently compiled European Vegetation Archive. After filtering (resulting in 83,396 plots; 39 regions; 1970–2015 time period), we analysed the species pool and frequency of alien vascular plants with respect to geographic origin and life‐forms, and the levels of invasion across the European Nature Information System (EUNIS) woodland habitats.ResultsWe found a total of 386 alien plant species (comprising 7% of all recorded vascular plants). Aliens originating from outside of and from within Europe were almost equally represented in the species pool (192 vs. 181 species) but relative frequency was skewed towards the former group (77% vs. 22%) due, to some extent, to the frequent occurrence of Impatiens parviflora (21% frequency among alien plants). Phanerophytes were the most species‐rich life‐form (148 species) and had the highest representation in terms of relative frequency (39%) among aliens in the dataset. Apart from Europe (181 species), North America was the most important source of alien plants (109 species). At the local scale, temperate and boreal softwood riparian woodland (5%) and mire and mountain coniferous woodland (<1%) had the highest and lowest mean relative alien species richness (percentage of alien species per plot), respectively.Main conclusionsOur results indicate that European woodlands are prone to alien plant invasions especially when exposed to disturbance, fragmentation, alien propagule pressure and high soil nutrient levels. Given the persistence of these factors in the landscape, competitive alien plant species with a broad niche, including alien trees and shrubs, are likely to persist and spread further into European woodlands.
An island view of endemic rarity—Environmental drivers and consequences for nature conservation
Authors: Irl Severin D. H. , Schweiger Andreas H. , Medina Félix M. , Fernández‐Palacios José M. , Harter David E. V. , Jentsch Anke , Provenzale Antonello , Steinbauer Manuel J. , Beierkuhnlein Carl 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimRarity—an important measure for conservation biogeography—can vary over many orders of magnitude. However, it is unclear which regional‐scale abiotic conditions drive processes affecting rarity of endemic species on islands. To support conservation efforts, we (1) assess the main abiotic drivers of endemic rarity, (2) determine how well existing protected areas (PAs) coincide with hotspots of endemic rarity and (3) introduce and evaluate a new hypervolume‐based rarity estimator.LocationLa Palma (Canary Islands).MethodsWe recorded all present endemic vascular plant species in 1,212 plots covering the entire island. We calculated endemic rarity (corrected range‐rarity richness for endemics) using a rarity estimation approach based on kernel density estimations (hypervolume approach). We performed a sensitivity analysis based on multiple linear regressions and relative importance estimations of environmental drivers to estimate the performance of the hypervolume‐based rarity estimation compared to standard methods (occurrence frequency, convex hulls, alpha hulls).ResultsClimate variables (mean annual temperature, climatic rarity, precipitation variability) best explained archipelago endemic (AE) and single‐island endemic (SIE) rarity. Existing PAs covered the majority of AE and SIE rarity, especially national and natural parks as well as the Natura 2000 sites. In our study system, hypervolumes performed better than standard measures of range size.Main conclusionBoth AE and SIE rarity on La Palma show a clear spatial pattern, with hotspots of endemic rarity found at high elevations and in rare climates, presumably owing to geographical and climatic constraints and possibly anthropogenic pressure (e.g., land use, introduced herbivores, fire). Areas of high rarity estimates coincide with the distribution and extent of PAs on La Palma, especially since the recent addition of the Natura 2000 sites. The hypervolume approach is a promising tool to estimate species range sizes, and can be applied on all scales where point/plot data are available.
Rhododendron diversity patterns and priority conservation areas in China
Authors: Yu Fangyuan , Skidmore Andrew K. , Wang Tiejun , Huang Jihong , Ma Keping , Groen Thomas A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimTo predict Rhododendron diversity patterns and identify Rhododendron hotspots and priority areas for their conservation.LocationChina.MethodsWe predicted the distribution of 212 Rhododendron species by applying a spatially explicit species assemblage modelling (SESAM) framework on a 10 × 10 km grid across China. We evaluated Rhododendron diversity based on species richness, β‐diversity and weighted endemism (also known as range‐size rarity), and then identified hotspots formed by the top 1%, 5%, 25% and 50% of record‐containing grid cells for each diversity metric separately and for the combination of the three diversity metrics. We determined the priority conservation areas for Rhododendrons by overlaying the hotspots with the map of the 2139 nature reserves existing in China, and calculated the percentage of hotspots that is protected. The same analysis was also applied to threatened Rhododendron species.ResultsRhododendron species richness, β‐diversity and weighted endemism decrease within China from the south‐west to the north‐east, mainly along mountain ranges. In total, 12 general hotspots for Rhododendron species are detected, covering 1.4% of China's land area. Five separately discerned hotspots (i.e. southern Chongqing, south‐eastern Tibet, north‐western Yunnan, south‐western Sichuan and northern Guangdong) comprising threatened Rhododendron species largely overlap (86.3%) with the general hotspots, and form priority areas for conservation. However, the remaining hotspots, especially southern Zhejiang and north‐eastern Guizhou, need more protection.Main conclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study of Rhododendron diversity patterns across the whole of China in terms of species richness, β‐diversity and weighted endemism, thereby offering a sound basis for the conservation of Rhododendrons in China. We demonstrate that as much attention should be paid to the small hotspots in south‐western and south‐eastern China, as to the largest hotspot (i.e. Mt Hengduan), to achieve conservation of Rhododendrons.