bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between biochemical hyperandrogenism parameters and Ferriman‐Gallwey score in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis
Authors: Amiri Mina , Ramezani Tehrani Fahimeh , Nahidi Fatemeh , Bidhendi Yarandi Razieh , Behboudi‐Gandevani Samira , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBackground and ObjectiveA limited number of studies have evaluated the relationship between clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism (HA). This study aimed to evaluate the association between biochemical hyperandrogenism parameters (BHPs) and Ferriman‐Gallwey (FG) score in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Web of Sciences databases (2000‐2015) to identify studies investigating clinical and biochemical parameters of HA in PCOS patients. In this meta‐analysis, both fixed and random effect models were applied to estimate pooled effect size. To assess the relationships between BHPs and FG score, meta‐regression analysis was used.ResultsFifty‐five study groups with a total of 6593 PCOS patients were analysed. Meta‐regression analysis of pooled data from all eligible studies showed significant positive relationships of FG score with androstenedione (A4) (P=.034) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) (P=.012), whereas it showed no association with total testosterone (tT), free testosterone (fT), sex hormone bonding globulin (SHBG) and free androgen index (FAI). The results did not change after adjusting for quality assessment or method of assay. Nor did the associations between A4 and FG score remain after adjusting for age and BMI, diagnostic criteria for PCOS and study design or the association between DHEAS and FG score remain after adjusting for ethnicity.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis confirmed the associations of some BHPs, including A4 and DHEAS with FG score, indicating that measurement of these parameters can be useful for managing PCOS patients with hirsutism.
Primary ridge augmentation with collagenated xenogenic block bone substitute in combination with collagen membrane and rhBMP‐2: a pilot histological investigation
Authors: Benic Goran I. , Joo Myung‐Jae , Yoon So‐Ra , Cha Jae‐Kook , Jung Ui‐Won 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this pilot study was to test whether a porcine collagenated bone substitute block (PCBB) and collagen membrane (CM) loaded with bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) used for horizontal ridge augmentation differ from PCBB and CM without BMP‐2 regarding the osseointegration of the grafting material and the maintenance of the ridge contour.Material and methodsTwo semi‐saddle bone defects were created in each side of the mandible of six dogs. The defects were randomly allocated to receive one of the following treatments: bone augmentation using (1) PCBB, (2) PCBB loaded with BMP‐2 (PCBB‐BMP2), (3) PCBB + CM and (4) PCBB + CM loaded with BMP‐2 (PCBB + CM‐BMP2). After 12 weeks, one titanium implant was inserted into every site. After 8 weeks, one central histological section of each site was prepared. Histomorphometrical assessments were performed evaluating the augmented area (AA), the area of new bone (NB) (primary outcome), residual bone substitute (BS) and non‐mineralized tissue (NMT) within AA in mm2. In addition, the most coronal and the most buccal localizations of new bone and residual bone substitute, and the most coronal bone‐to‐implant contact were measured in mm.ResultsClinically, all PCBB were firmly integrated and permitted implant placement. All the implants osseointegrated and exhibited complete hard‐tissue coverage of the buccal surface. Bone ingrowth always reached the central portions of PCBB. AA measured 10.4 ± 4.2 mm2 for PCBB, 11.8 ± 2.8 mm2 for PCBB‐BMP2, 9.8 ± 2.9 mm2 for PCBB + CM and 8.5 ± 2.2 mm2 for PCBB + CM‐BMP2. Only the difference between PCBB‐BMP2 and PCBB + CM‐BMP2 was statistically significant (P = 0.031). NB reached 2.3 ± 1.3 mm2 for PCBB, 2 ± 0.5 mm2 for PCBB‐BMP2, 2.7 ± 1.2 mm2 for PCBB + CM and 1.8 ± 0.7 mm2 for PCBB + CM‐BMP2. There were no statistically significant differences regarding NB, the most coronal and the most buccal localizations of new bone, residual bone substitute and bone‐to‐implant contact (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe addition of BMP‐2 to PCBB or CM used for horizontal ridge augmentation did not render a statistically significant improvement in the maintenance of the augmented ridge contour and the new bone formation. PCBB with and without CM showed pronounced bone ingrowth and capacity to maintain the augmented ridge contour. In all the regions previously augmented with PCBB, the implants successfully integrated and presented with complete hard‐tissue coverage.
Land‐use history as a guide for forest conservation and management
Authors: Whitlock Cathy , Colombaroli Daniele , Conedera Marco , Tinner Willy 
Published: June 2017

AbstractConservation efforts to protect forested landscapes are challenged by climate projections that suggest substantial restructuring of vegetation and disturbance regimes in the future. In this regard, paleoecological records that describe ecosystem responses to past variations in climate, fire, and human activity offer critical information for assessing present landscape conditions and future landscape vulnerability. We illustrate this point drawing on 8 sites in the northwestern United States, New Zealand, Patagonia, and central and southern Europe that have undergone different levels of climate and land‐use change. These sites fall along a gradient of landscape conditions that range from nearly pristine (i.e., vegetation and disturbance shaped primarily by past climate and biophysical constraints) to highly altered (i.e., landscapes that have been intensely modified by past human activity). Position on this gradient has implications for understanding the role of natural and anthropogenic disturbance in shaping ecosystem dynamics and assessments of present biodiversity, including recognizing missing or overrepresented species. Dramatic vegetation reorganization occurred at all study sites as a result of postglacial climate variations. In nearly pristine landscapes, such as those in Yellowstone National Park, climate has remained the primary driver of ecosystem change up to the present day. In Europe, natural vegetation–climate–fire linkages were broken 6000–8000 years ago with the onset of Neolithic farming, and in New Zealand, natural linkages were first lost about 700 years ago with arrival of the Maori people. In the U.S. Northwest and Patagonia, the greatest landscape alteration occurred in the last 150 years with Euro‐American settlement. Paleoecology is sometimes the best and only tool for evaluating the degree of landscape alteration and the extent to which landscapes retain natural components. Information on landscape‐level history thus helps assess current ecological change, clarify management objectives, and define conservation strategies that seek to protect both natural and cultural elements.
Reversal after Hartmann's procedure in patients with complicated sigmoid diverticulitis
Authors: Hess G. F. , Schäfer J. , Rosenthal R. , Kettelhack C. , Oertli D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimHartmann's procedure (HP) is commonly used for the emergency treatment of complicated sigmoid diverticulitis (CSD). It is intended to restore intestinal continuity; however, in practice, reversal is not carried out in all patients. It is important to know the frequency of reversal and the impact of patient‐related factors on the decision for reversal.MethodA retrospective study was conducted on all patients who underwentHPforCSDat a tertiary referral hospital between 1 May 2005 and 31 December 2010. We assessed the frequency of reversal over time and the prognostic factors affecting the decision for reversal.ResultsOf 67 patients [median age 76 (interquartile range: 68–81) years] who hadHPforCSD, 28 (42%) underwent reversal. The cumulative incidence of reversal after 48 weeks was 48% (95%CI: 36–62%). Reversal was less likely in elderly patients [hazard ratio (HR) per decade increase = 0.43; 95%CI: 0.26–0.71], with cardiac insufficiency or coronary heart disease (HR = 0.60; 95%CI: 0.26–1.40) and with preoperative immunosuppression or chemotherapy (HR = 0.31; 95%CI: 0.07–1.33). There was no apparent effect of these factors on mortality.ConclusionApproximately half of the patients havingHPforCSDundergo reversal within 48 weeks of the initial operation. The finding that age, cardiac or coronary heart disease and preoperative immunosuppression or chemotherapy have an impact on the decision for reversal is relevant to healthcare professionals and patients.
Epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes of infections in patients undergoing liver transplantation for hilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Ramanan Poornima , Cummins Nathan W. , Wilhelm Mark P. , Heimbach Julie K. , Dierkhising Ross , Kremers Walter K. , Rosen Charles B. , Gores Gregory J. , Razonable Raymund R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe epidemiology of infection after liver transplantation for hilar cholangiocarcinoma has not been systematically investigated. In this study of 124 patients, 255 infections occurred in 105 patients during the median follow‐up of 4.2 years. The median time to first infection was 15.1 weeks (IQR 1.6‐62.6). The most common sites were the abdomen, bloodstream, and musculoskeletal system. Risk factors for any post‐transplant infection were pre‐transplant VRE colonization (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.9, P=.002), living donor transplantation (HR 6.6, P<.001), longer cold ischemia time (HR 1.05 per 10 minutes, P<.001), donor CMV seropositivity (HR 2.2, P<.001), hepatic artery thrombosis (HR 2.6, P=.005), biliary stricture (HR 3.8, P=.002), intra‐abdominal fluid collection (HR 4.2, P<.001), and re‐operations within 1 month after transplantation (HR 1.7, P=.020). Abdominal infections were independently associated with hemodialysis requirement within 1 month after transplantation (HR 5.6, P=.006), hepatic artery thrombosis (HR 3.3, P=.007), biliary stricture (HR 5.2, P<.001), and abdominal fluid collection (HR 3.7, P=.0002). Bloodstream infections were independently associated with allograft ischemia (HR 17.8, P<.001), biliary stricture (HR 6.5, P=.005), and recipient VRE colonization (HR 4, P<.001). Abdominal infections (HR 2.3, P=.02) and Clostridium difficile infections (HR 4.6, P=.01) were independently associated with increased mortality.
Luther and Gender: Shifts in Paradigms and Orientations
Authors: Stjerna Kirsi I. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractConsidering the tenderness and detail with which Luther attends to matters “all about Eve” in his Genesis lectures—and how he treats the matriarchs in the Genesis narrative—we can say that gender and women constitute a central interest for the reformer. He developed, in his context, a new theological anthropology that valued women's biological distinction, difference within sameness in creation, and absolute equality in redemption and callings. While his gender ideology is a work in progress, Luther's instincts are modern, if not even feminist, when placing the uterus at the central place of the delivery of the saving incarnate Word.
Review of basal‐plus insulin regimen options for simpler insulin intensification in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Raccah D. , Huet D. , Dib A. , Joseph F. , Landers B. , Escalada J. , Schmitt H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimsTo identify simple insulin regimens for people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus that can be accepted and implemented earlier in primary and specialist care, taking into consideration each individual's needs and capabilities.MethodsUsing randomized clinical trials identified by a search of the PubMed database, as well as systematic reviews, meta‐analyses and proof‐of‐concept studies, this review addresses topics of interest related to the progressive intensification of a basal insulin regimen to a basal‐plus regimen (one basal insulin injection plus stepwise addition of one to three preprandial short‐acting insulin injections/day) vs a basal‐bolus regimen (basal insulin plus three short‐acting insulin injections per day) in people with Type 2 diabetes. The review explores approaches that can be used to define the meal for first prandial injection with basal‐plus regimens, differences among insulin titration algorithms, and the importance of self‐motivation and autonomy in achieving optimum glycaemic control.ResultsA basal‐plus regimen can provide glycaemic control equivalent to that obtained with a full basal‐bolus regimen, with fewer injections of prandial insulin. The first critical step is to optimize basal insulin dosing to reach a fasting glucose concentration of ~6.7 mmol/l; this allows ~40% of patients with baseline HbA1c >75 mmol/mol (9%) to be controlled with only one basal insulin injection per day.ConclusionsCompared with a basal‐bolus regimen, a basal‐plus insulin regimen is as effective but more practical, and has the best chance of acceptance and success in the real world.
Projected long‐term outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes treated with fast‐acting insulin aspart vs conventional insulin aspart in the UK setting
Authors: Russell‐Jones David , Heller Simon R. , Buchs Sarah , Sandberg Anna , Valentine William J. , Hunt Barnaby 
Published: June 2017

AimTo assess the impact of faster aspart vs insulin aspart on long‐term clinical outcomes and costs for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in the UK setting.MethodsThe QuintilesIMS CORE Diabetes Model was used to project clinical outcomes and costs over patient lifetimes in a cohort with data on baseline characteristics from the “onset 1” trial. Treatment effects were taken from the 26‐week main phase of the onset 1 trial, with costs and utilities based on literature review. Future costs and clinical benefits were discounted at 3.5% annually.ResultsProjections indicated that faster aspart was associated with improved discounted quality‐adjusted life expectancy (by 0.13 quality‐adjusted life‐years) vs insulin aspart. Improved clinical outcomes resulted from fewer diabetes‐related complications and a delayed time to their onset with faster aspart. Faster aspart was found to be associated with reduced costs vs insulin aspart (cost savings of £1715), resulting from diabetes‐related complications avoided and reduced treatment costs.ConclusionsFaster aspart was associated with improved clinical outcomes and cost savings vs insulin aspart for patients with T1DM in the UK setting.
Despairing Moods: Worldly Attunements and Permeable Personhood in Yap
Authors: Throop C. Jason 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBuilding upon ongoing efforts to further a phenomenological anthropological engagement with affective and mooded dimensions of moral experience, the article examines the ways in which everyday moods may disclose forms of attunement to worldly conditions. The article focuses specifically upon the mood‐inflected concerns of a Yapese woman suffering from type II diabetes named “Thiil” who despairs of the possibility that her children will eventually become afflicted with the disease as well. A central goal of the article is to explore the ways in which Thiil's mood‐inflected responses to her illness disclose an attunement to the “communicable” pathways of an otherwise “noncommunicable” disease.
Episodic replacement of clotting factor concentrates does not prevent bleeding or musculoskeletal damage – the MUSFIH study
Authors: Poonnoose P. , Carneiro J. D. A. , Cruickshank A. L. , El Ekiaby M. , Perez Bianco R. P. , Ozelo M. C. , De Bosch N. , Baghaipour M. , Tien S. L. , Chuansumrit A. , D'Amico E. A. , van Zyl A. , Sabour A. , Candela M. , Ricciardi J. B. S. , Ruiz‐Sàez A. , Ravanbod R. , Lam J. C. L. , Jaovisidha S. , Kavitha M. L. , Gibikote S. , Shyamkumar N. , Srivastava A. ,   the MUSFIH Study group
Published: June 2017

Patients and methodsA longitudinal study was carried out in 255 children from 10 centres in nine developing countries over 5 years to assess the musculoskeletal outcome of children on episodic factor replacement. Outcome was documented by assessment of the annual joint bleeding rate (AJBR), WFH clinical and Pettersson radiological joint scores as well as the FISH score for activities. Of the 203 patients for whom data was available at the end of 5 years, 164 who had received only episodic treatment are included in this report.ResultsThe median age at the beginning of the study was 10 years (IQR 7–12). The median clotting factor concentrate (CFC) usage was 662 IU kg−1 year−1 (IQ range: 280–1437). The median AJBR was 10 (IQ range: 5–17). The median AJBR was higher in the older children with the median being 5 for the 5 year old child, while it was 9 for the 10 year old and 11 for children older than 15. Given the episodic nature of the replacement therapy, those with a higher AJBR used significantly greater annual CFC doses (P < 0.001); The median change in WFH clinical score and Pettersson radiological score over the 5 years was 0.4/year for each, while the FISH deteriorated at a rate of 0.2/year with poor correlation of these changes with CFC dose. WFH and FISH scores were significantly worse in those with an AJBR of >3 per year (P = 0.001). The change in the Pettersson score was significantly more in those with an AJBR of >5 per year (P = 0.020). Significant changes in FISH scores were only noted after 10 years of age.ConclusionEpisodic CFC replacement over a large range of doses does not alter the natural course of bleeding in haemophilia or the musculoskeletal deterioration and should not be recommended as a long term option for treatment. Prophylaxis is the only way to preserve musculoskeletal function in haemophilia.
Haemophilia care in Europe ‐ A survey of 37 countries
Authors: Mahony B. O. , Savini L. , Hara J. O. , Bok A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe European Haemophilia Consortium (EHC) is an international non‐profit organization representing 45 national patients' organizations in Europe. Every 3 years, the EHC circulates a survey to its national member organizations to assess the state of haemophilia care.AimThe purpose of this exercise is to ascertain information about the organization of haemophilia care and treatment availability at national levels. Furthermore, the survey provides a basis from which the EHC are able to monitor the unmet need and stability of care/treatment access in the individual member countries.Patients and MethodsSurveys are distributed to EHC member organizations in English and Russian. Patient organizations are encouraged to share the survey with local clinicians to ensure accuracy of responses. The data collected are in part consistent to provide a longitudinal overview for treatment access, but topical items are included such as ageing. Subsequently, completed surveys are transposed into a database for analysis and reporting.ResultsThirty‐seven responses were received from the 45 countries approached, representing an 82% response rate from members. Findings suggest increased access to treatment and some improvement in certain areas of care. However, access to treatment has declined or remained largely unchanged in some countries.ConclusionThe survey has been a successful exercise in enabling a greater understanding of the current Haemophilia care landscape across Europe. However, there remain unmet needs in various aspects of patient care, and specific examples include psychosocial care and general preparedness for an ageing haemophilia population.
‘Snatched by Destiny's Hand’: Obituaries and the Making of Class in Modern Egypt
Authors: Omar Hussein A H 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article examines the newspaper obituary as a source for historians of the late 19th and early 20th century Egypt. Long utilized by genealogists, these sources have been neglected by historians, for a number of reasons. Rather than read them as an uncritical reflection of social relations, as genealogists have, historians ought to engage with them critically as a way of understanding how individuals imagined themselves and their social worlds.The article argues that reading and writing obituaries was one of the ways in which a previously differentiated and divided Egyptian elite began to imagine itself as belonging to a single, horizontal class. It further demonstrates how obituaries can be used to chart social mobility in a context where surnames were neither heritable nor standardised. Obituaries provide unique insights into social transformations independent of the political ruptures around which state archives are organised and official histories written. The article shows how sociocultural developments (such as the rise of Islamic modernism) are reflected in and were transformed through, the reading and writing of obituaries. Discourses around the ‘good Muslim death’ were inscribed and indeed prescribed through this form, even as it came under increasing attack at the turn of the 20th century for being un‐Islamic. Aside from opening up new methodological avenues for writing the history of class, and the history of gender beyond the state, the article emphasises the importance of death as a historical subject of enquiry in its own right.
Twenty years of Worlds of Women: Leila Rupp's impact on the history of U.S. women's internationalism
Authors: Threlkeld Megan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSince its publication in 1997, Leila Rupp's Worlds of Women: The Making of an International Women's Movement has been hailed as a ground‐breaking work of scholarship on women's internationalism. This essay considers its impact for U.S. historians in particular, examining how it has led to new studies of U.S. women internationalists and of U.S. women's engagement with women around the world. It has also furthered efforts to globalize the history of the United States, to reperiodize the field of U.S. women's history, and to diversify the field of U.S. foreign relations.
Isaac Newton, scholar: An exceptional example of normal erudition
Authors: Greenham Paul 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIsaac Newton remains a subject of primary interest in the history of science, as recent scholarship redefines our understanding of the boundaries between disciplines of knowing in the early modern world. Newton's alchemy—or chymistry—together with his interpretations of chronology and biblical prophecy continue to be debated in their relationship to his innovations in science—or natural philosophy. This article reviews the recent shifts of this debate to a focus on Newton's erudition, to how Newton employed the tools of the university‐educated scholar, both humanist and scholastic, in his search for truth within his various intellectual pursuits. Newton's massive legacy of remaining source documents provides rich insight into what was, in many ways, a form of scholarship quite common in his historical context.