bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rarity of Heart Failure in a Traditional African Population. A Rural Community Based Study
Authors: Okeahialam Basil Nwaneri , Agbo Hadiza Abigail , Ogbonna Chikaike , Chuhwak Evelyn , Isiguzoro Ikechukwu 
Published: November 2016

<p>BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is common globally and increases with age. Among Caucasians it affects mainly the elderly, but the middle-aged in Africa. Statistics are usually hospital based, missing those in the population unable to present in hospital for various reasons. Population statistics of HF for sub-Saharan Africa are hardly available. This was to assess the population prevalence of HF in a rural sub-Sahara African community and get a truer picture of HF morbidity.</p><p>METHODS: Secondary analysis of data from a population study of cardiovascular disease risk factors in rural Nigeria; on self-reported HF as part of general history, physical examination and related laboratory investigations</p><p> RESULTS: Of the 840 subjects, 231 were men; 8 (0.95%) of whom were in HF (2M, 6F); and aged between 50 to 90 years. All the men were above 65 years while 2 of the women were less than 65 years. Four were hypertensive, 3 had hypertension and diabetes; while 1 the oldest had neither. They all denied tobacco and alcohol use. Most of the affected women were multiparous.</p><p>CONCLUSION: HF is infrequent in rural Nigeria with a prevalence of 0.95%. Hypertension was a prominent risk factor, with co-morbid diabetes. The absence of tobacco /alcohol history, anaemia and low rate of kidney disease confirms that a constellation of risk factors is required for HF among hypertensives. The earlier presentation and greater involvement of women (in the background of multiparity) supports the notion that repeated pregnancy and child-birth place higher disease burden of hearts of women.</p>
Autocorrelation Patterns in the Left-Ventricular Pressure Course of Isolated Working Hearts at Sinus Rhythm
Authors: Langer Stefan F. J. 
Published: November 2016

<pre class="western">Background
Observations of short term uniformity or microrhythmical undulation in ventricular pressure courses at sinus rhythm are lacking but necessary to describe cardiac status. The present investigation aims for (a) detecting repetitive similarity patterns in ventricular pressure at isolated sinus rhythm, (b) tagging hemodynamic parameters which contribute most to dissimilarity, and
(c) for a stochastical characterisation of the random component in mutual similarity.

Methods
Left-ventricular pressure curves from isolated working small animal hearts, at sinus rhythm and electrical stimulation, are analysed by autocorrelation.

Results
Ventricular pressure courses consistently reach their peak coefficient of autocorrelation either at one-beat lag (monorhythm) or at two-beat lag (duorhythm). Replacing sinus rhythm with strictly even electrical right-atrial stimulation provokes more duorhythms to occur (Langer paradox). Duorhythms become scarcer at hypothermia and high cardiac output. Repetition of very similarly shaped beats accords with an exponential law. Variability of twelve hemodynamic parameters, regarding microrhythm, is given as a Table.

Conclusions
(a) Incidence of alternating patterns (duorhythms) suggests the presence of effective heterometric autoregulation (Frank-Starling law). Consequently, a pacing test may assess contractile reserve in certain conditions. Higher multi-beat patterns occur by chance at isolated sinus rhythm. (b) Interbeat variability of relevant hemodynamic parameters complies with the initial conclusion. Statistical pooling of data from consecutive beats seems permissible; pooling alterant beats separately will do better. (c) Random fluctuation is a constituent part of medium-term ventricular pressure course. Mutually very similar beats occur stochastically by a Poisson process with fade-out. Deviations accord with the presence of mono- or duorhythms.</pre>
Prevalence of the Anomalous Aortic Origin of a Left Coronary Artery from the Right Coronary Sinus and Posterior Course: detection by Transthoracic Echocardiography in an Unselected Ambulatory Population
Authors: Casolo Giancarlo , Del Meglio Jacopo , Magnacca Massimo , Tessa Carlo , Salvadori Luca , Canale Maria Laura , Ferrali Elisa 
Published: November 2016

<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong>Background:</strong> Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) may detect the origin and/or abnormal course of coronary epicardial vessels. We describe a novel TTE pattern specific for the anomalous origin of a left coronary vessel from the right coronary sinus and a posterior course and its prevalence in an unselected population of ambulatory patients.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively studied 3692 consecutive patients who performed a routine TTE. In these subjects we looked for an abnormal finding that we found associated with the anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery. Computed Tomography of the Coronary Arteries (CTCA) was performed in each suspected case.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong>Results:</strong> We found a TTE aspect suggestive for a coronary anomaly and a retroaortic course in 16 subjects out of the 3298 studied (0,48%). CTCA invariably confirmed the presence of the anomaly. In 15 out of the 16 patients the left coronary vessel originating from the right coronary sinus (RCS) was the left circumflex artery (LCX). In the remaining patient the anomalous vessel was the left main coronary artery . </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We found a TTE sign specific for a particular kind of coronary anomaly. By using TTE it is possible to detect the retroaortic course of an anomalous left coronary vessel originating from the RCS. This pattern was found to be rare but pathognomonic for this specific kind of congenital anomaly. The ability to detect this specific kind of coronary anomaly by TEE may be relevant to the patient in some cases thus representing useful clinical information.</span></span></p>
Karşıyaka Prevalance and Awareness of Hypertension Study (KARHIP)
Authors: Pekel Nihat , Özpelit Mehmet Emre , Özpelit Ebru , Yakan Serkan , Topaloğlu Caner , Tülüce Kamil , Çetin Nurullah , Altın Cihan , Çelebiler Aydan , Saygı Serkan , Tengiz İstemihan , Ercan Ertuğrul 
Published: November 2016

<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study<strong> </strong>was planned to assess potential differences in hypertension prevalance and hypertension related demographic properties in a urban area with relatively higher income and cultural population compared to national average. <strong>Methods: </strong>Field work was done by educated personel at Karşıyaka Municipality Building by one by one interviewing poll, blood pressure measurement, rhythm and body composition analysis in February 2014. Hypertension was defined as average systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or average diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. <strong>Results: </strong>Out of total 1417 (627 males and 790 females) people enrolled, 780 people hypertensive(prevalence 55%). Hypertension prevalence in middle age group( age 35-65) was 46%, in geriatric age group(age&gt;65) %79. 216 out of 780 hypertensive (27.7%) people were not aware of their disease. Ratio of people under antihypertensive treatment was 69.4% and ratio of people under control was 34.7%, whereas control rate was 50.1% in 541 patients who were aware of their diseases.<strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hypertension prevalances in our study were similar to PatenT2 trial prevalances, which were 46 % for middle age group and 78% for geriatric age group. Compared to PatenT 2 data, rate of hypertension awareness (54.7% vs 72.3%) and rate of being under treatment (47.5% vs 69.4%) were higher. Rate of controlled hypertension was a little big higher (28.7 % vs 34.7% )in our group, whereas control rates in aware and treated groups were similar (53.9 % and 50.1 %) in both study. <strong>Keywords: </strong>Hypertension, Prevalance, Awareness, Treatment</p><p> </p>
Accuracy of Clinical Symptoms, Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Parameters for Diagnosis of Significant Proximal Right Coronary Artery Lesion in Acute Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Shetaya Ahmed Hassouna , Elkhashab Khaled , Razek Gomaa Abdel 
Published: November 2016

<p> </p><p><strong>Aim</strong>: Tissue Doppler (TDI) systolic annular velocity (S') and myocardial performance index may be useful predictors of proximal right coronary artery (RCA) stenosis as a culprit lesion in Inferior wall myocardial infaection in association with clinical symptoms and ECG changes. </p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> In a prospective study, patients with first episode of acute IWMI underwent early conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiographic assessment (within 24 h) of symptom onset and RV indices ; Tricuspid annular systolic plane excursion(TAPSE), myocardial performance index (MPI) and tissue Doppler velocities from RV free wall were measured. Patients underwent coronary angiogram within one month, our Patients divided into two groups(A,B) according to angiographic findings based on the presence or absence of a significant proximal RCA stenosis.</p><p><strong> Results</strong>: There were 35 patients with first episode of IWMI, group A includes (n 14 patient) and group B includes (n 21patient), There was significant difference between groups in TAPSE (1.28cm vs 1.98 p &lt; 0.001) ,MPI-TDI (0.69±0.12 vs 0.38±0.05 p &lt; 0.001), and in S'velocity from RV free wall ( 0.09m/s±0.02 vs 0.12m/s ±0.02 p &lt; 0.001). It was found that S'&lt;10cm/s is apredictor of proximal RCA lesion with sensitivity of 92.86% and specificity of 85.71%ppv 81.25, npv 94.74 , MPI-TDI&gt;0.55 with a sensitivity of 92.86 % and specificity of 100% ,100% PPV and 95.45% NPv, and TAPSE&lt;16mm (sensitivity93%, specificity100%).</p><p> <strong>Conclusion</strong>; RV indices (S' velocity, MPI-TDI and TAPSE ) are useful in predicting proximal RCA as infarct related artery in IWMI.</p>
NO ESTADO LAICO A DIVINIZAÇÃO DO HUMANO: UMA ABORDAGEM DO PENSAMENTO ÉTICO DE LUC FERRY
Authors: Ferreira Douglas Willian , Noé Sidnei Vilmar 
Published: November 2016

RESUMO:
Esse artigo dispõe sobre a concepção ética de Luc Ferry e seu consequente desdobramento na divinização do homem. Para tal, apresenta-se os pressupostos da moral cristã e a secularização dos elementos éticos do cristianismo mostrando, sobretudo, a centralidade do outro no despertar da consciência moral e do agir ético.

Palavras-Chave: Ética; laicidade; liberdade; divinização do humano; Luc Ferry.
No Estado Laico e Divinização do Humano: uma abordagem do pensamento ético de Luc Ferry
Authors: Noé Sidnei Vilar , Ferreira Douglas Willian 
Published: November 2016

Resumo: este artigo dispõe sobre a concepção ética de Luc Ferry e seu consequente desdobramento na divinização do homem. Para tal, apresenta-se os pressupostos da moral cristã e a secularização dos elementos éticos do cristianismo mostrando, sobretudo, a centralidade do outro no despertar da consciência moral e do agir ético.
Palavras-chave: Ética. Laicidade. Liberdade. Divinização do humano. Luc Ferry.
Degraus do Itinerário Cristológico da Comunidade à Luz do Protagonismo do Ex-Cego (JO 9,7B-38)
Authors: Ferreia Joel Antônio , Pires Dionivaldo Rosa 
Published: November 2016

Resumo: Jesus narrado pelo Quarto Evangelho é apresentado, desde o início, com um acúmulo de variados títulos cristológicos; os mesmos são usados por vários personagens em crescente, até um ponto culminante. A partir desse horizonte e entre tantos personagens, o cego se torna figura tipológica, ‘fala’ em nome da comunidade e para o leitor de todos os tempos. O seu crescimento é processual: ele escala ‘degraus’ da fé cristológica. Nosso intento aqui é evidenciar cada degrau desse caminho pedagógico até chegar ao máximo da fé professada em Jo 9,7b-38: “eu creio, Senhor!”
Palavras-chave: Cristologia. Crescimento. Caminho. Fé Professada.
Оценка состояния и перспектив развития современного рынка розничной торговли в России
Authors: Колосов Андрей Олегович 
Published: November 2016

В статье рассматриваются основные особенности современного российского рынка розничной торговли, дано их описание и причины их актуальности на сегодняшний день. На основе анализа статистических данных аналитических агентств даны и описаны прогнозы развития рынка в ближайшие годы, а также приведены графики по важным для розничной торговли показателям,	таким как: объем товарооборота розницы, доля каналов торговли в общем обороте, доля современных и традиционных форматов розничной торговли, а также доля продаж СТМ.
Theoretical and Experimental Study on Optimal Injection Rates in Carbonate Acidizing
Authors: Dong Kai , Zhu Ding , Hill A. Daniel 
Published: November 2016

Summary
Optimal acid-injection rate is critical information for carbonate-matrix-acidizing design. This rate is currently obtained through fitting acidizing-coreflood experimental results. A model is needed to predict optimal acid-injection rates for various reservoir conditions.
A wormhole forms when larger pores grow in the cross-sectional area at a rate that greatly exceeds the growth rate of smaller pores caused by surface reaction. This happens when the pore growth follows a particular mechanism, which is discussed in this paper. We have developed a model to predict wormhole-growth behavior. The model uses the mode size in a pore-size distribution—the pore size that appears most frequently in the distribution—to predict the growth of the pore. By controlling the acid velocity inside of it, we can make this particular pore grow much faster than other smaller pores, thus reaching the most-favorable condition for wormholing. This also results in a balance between overall acid/rock reaction and acid flow. With the introduction of a porous-medium model, the acid velocity in the mode-size pore is scaled up to the interstitial velocity at the wormhole tip. This interstitial velocity at the wormhole tip controls the wormhole propagation. The optimal acid-injection rates are then calculated by use of semiempirical flow correlations for different flow geometries.
The optimal injection rate depends on the rock lithology, acid concentration, temperature, and rock-pore-size distribution. All these factors are accounted for in this model. The model can predict the optimal rates of acidizing-coreflood experiments correctly, compared with our acidizing-coreflood experimental results. In addition, on the basis of our model, it is also found that at optimal conditions, the wormhole-propagation velocity is linearly proportional to the acid-diffusion coefficient for a diffusion-limited reaction. This is proved both experimentally and theoretically in this study. Because there is no flow-geometry constraint while developing this model, it can be applied to field scales. Applications are presented in this paper.
Impact of dye effluent on growth and chlorophyll content of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa l.)
Authors: Mahawar* Pratibha , Akhtar Azra 
Published: November 2016

The textile industry plays an important role in the world economy as well as in our daily life time, it consumes large quantity of water and generates huge amount of waste water. The chemical reagents used in the textile sector are diverse in chemical composition ranging from inorganic to organic molecules. The presence of these chemicals will show detrimental effects on the germination process and growth of seedlings. Present research work has been carried out to study the impact of effluent at different concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) on seed germination and seedling growth of Medicago sativa. On the 14th day of seedling growth, maximum root and shoot length were observed at 20% concentration of effluent i.e. 5.4cm (root length) and 5.1cm (shoot length) which increased 3.8% and 4.0% respectively in comparison to control. At high concentrations of treatment levels root length was decreased 2.04%, 19.2%, 26.5%, 51.0% respectively and shoot length was decreased 3.84%, 17.3%, 26.9%, 44.2% respectively at 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% treatment levels in comparison to control (4.9cm and 5.2cm respectively). Same trend was observed during estimation of dry weight and chlorophyll contents. Inhibition of seedling germination and seedling growth at higher concentrations of effluent may be due to high level of dissolved solids which inhance the salinity. The present study concluded that the dyeing effluent waste significantly influence growth parameters of Medicago sativa.
Optimization of Diagnostic Process in Assessing the Extent of Dental Hard Tissue Defects after Endodontic Treatment
Authors: Bulbuk Olena , Rozhko Mykola 
Published: November 2016

The selection of an optimal treatment is one of the problems when restoring the defects of dental hard tissues after endodontic treatment. The work aims at studying the percentage ratio of the volume of the coronal portion of the tooth to its crown that will allow us to optimize the determination of the extent of dental hard tissue defect after endodontic treatment as well as to choose the optimal method of treatment.The objective of the research was to optimize the diagnostic process when treating damaged coronal portion of the tooth after endodontic treatment through the determination of the percentage ratio of the volume of the coronal portion of the tooth to the total volume of tooth crown for different groups of teeth.Materials and methods. 42 extracted teeth with preserved coronal portions served as the material for our study. The volume of the coronal potion of the tooth as well as the total volume of tooth crown was determined using the method developed by us. Having calculated the ratio of the volume of the coronal portion of the tooth to the volume of tooth crown, we received the volume which is occupied by the coronal cavity of the tooth.Results. We obtained the percentage ratio of the volume which is occupied by the coronal cavity of the tooth compared to its crown for different groups of teeth.Conclusions. To estimate the extent of damage to the coronal portion of the tooth after endodontic treatment, it is recommend using the obtained data, namely, in the maxillary and mandibular front teeth, the coronal portion of the tooth occupies up to 10% of tooth crown volume, while in the maxillary and mandibular grinding teeth, the coronal portion of the tooth occupies up to 5% of tooth crown volume.
Management of femur and tibia metaphyseal bone defects during revision total knee arthroplasty – methods and outcomes (review)
Authors: Bovkis G. Y. , Kulyaba T. A. , Kornilov N. N. 
Published: November 2016

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is becoming an increasingly common treatment for a wide variety of diseases, as well as treatment for consequences from knee injury. The number of primary joint replacement operations have been steadily climbing. As a result, the number of revision procedures have also grown, accounting for 6–8% of arthroplasties. The problem of bone defects compensation remains one of the greatest challenges faced by the surgeon during revision TKA and usually requires a comprehensive approach, careful preoperative planning and preparation. The compensation of small, in depth and extent, bone defects (AORI Type I and II) does not present serious difficulties and their methods are well developed. Whereas the compensation of massive defects (Type 3) is extremely difficult. Until recently, structural allografts were the only method available to surgeons and still remain relevant and demonstrate good results. In recent years, as an alternative, it has become possible to use sleeves and cones made of porous metal, which are also showing very promising mid-term results. This review demonstrates the results from recent studies of mid-term and long-term outcomes of revision TKA, in which different methods of bone defect compensation were used. The clinical evidence did not demonstrate any obvious advantage of using one method over another, therefore, research in this area continues to remain relevant.
MODERN APPROACHES TO SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHARCOT NEUROARTHROPATHY (review)
Authors: Pavlyuchenko S. V. , Zhdanov A. I. , Orlova I. V. 
Published: November 2016

The present review addresses a pressing orthopaedic issue of surgical treatment for patients with severe foot deformities occurring as consequence to Charcot neuroarthropathy. Described pathology is a severe threatening condition causing high risk of infections and potential limb loss. The paper describes main foot reconstructive procedures employed depending on pathology stage and localization as well as identifies ways to improve surgical treatment of affected patients.
Fracture eponyms: personal names
Authors: Zolotov A. S. , Mikhaylov V. V. 
Published: November 2016

The paper describes the origin of bone fracture eponyms. The authors compiled a list of 60 most established fracture names proposed by physicians in 16th-20th centuries who mainly were skilled, mature and outstanding experts from countries with advanced conventional medicine and often represented the recognized surgical schools. Eponym records are important for understanding the history and subject of the chosen profession as well as knowledge of eponymic fractures facilitates communication between physicians of allied disciplines.
RESULTS OF THE FOSFOMYCIN APPLICATION FOR THE IMPREGNATION OF BONE REPLACEMENT MATERIALS IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC OSTEOMYELITIS
Authors: Konev V. A. , Bozhkova S. A. , Netylko G. I. , Afanasiev A. V. , Rumakin V. P. , Polyakova E. M. , Rukina A. N. , Parfeev D. G. 
Published: November 2016

Aim – to evaluate in the experimental study in vitro the duration of antimicrobial activity of fosfomycin-impregnated bone cement and to study the dynamics of radiological and morphological changes depending on the local antibiotic therapy in two-stage treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in rabbits.Materials and methods. Duration of antimicrobial activity of bone cement (depuy cmw1 gentamicin) with fosfomycin in vitro was studied in comparison to cements with vancomycin and controls without additional antibiotics. Presence of the lysis zone of bacterial cultures was evaluated (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 and ATCC33591, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC33495 and Escherichia coli ATCC25922) after application of 10 μl of the solution, collected from the cement samples after incubation for 24 hours. For the in vivo experiment, Chinchilla rabbits (n = 20) with local osteomyelitis of the tibia underwent two-stage treatment where substitution of the bone defect at stage I was performed with PMMA and stage II – with the bioresorbable material based on hydroxyapatite and triclacium phosphate (ReproBone). In an experience group (n = 10) before setting osteoreplacement materials with fosfomycin (group FOSFO), and by control (n = 10) – vancomycin (group VANCO). X-ray imaging was performed on the 1st and 21st day after installation of the cement spacer, and 45th day after substitution of the spacer with the bioresorbable material. Microbiological analysis of the samples was performed intraoperatively and on the 7th, 14th day after each stage. Histological study was conducted in both groups on the 14th, 21th day after stage I and 45th day after stage II of the treatment.Results. Maximal duration of antimicrobial activity in vitro was observed in samples of PMMA with fosfomycin whereas minimal – in control samples of gentamicin-based bone cement. Relief of the infection was attained in all animals while application of fosfomycin resulted in a more rapid elimination of the bacteria. Reaction of the adjacent tissue to the implanted material and results of X-ray imaging in both groups did not differ significantly. Long duration of the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of the bone cement with fosfomycin with the comparable perifocal reaction in vivo necessitates further study of the use of this antibiotic in bioresorbable materials for the treatment of osteomyelitis in clinical practice.