bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Performance Metal Halide Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diode: From Material Design to Device Optimization
Authors: Shan Qingsong , Song Jizhong , Zou Yousheng , Li Jianhai , Xu Leimeng , Xue Jie , Dong Yuhui , Han Boning , Chen Jiawei , Zeng Haibo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have drawn significant interest in the past decade. Superior optoelectronic properties, such as a narrow bandwidth, precise and facile tunable luminance over the entire visible spectrum, and high photoluminescence quantum yield of up to ≈100%, render metal halide perovskites suitable for next‐generation high‐definition displays and healthy lighting systems. The external quantum efficiency of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) increases from 0.1 to 11.7% in three years; however, the energy conversion efficiency and the long‐term stability of perovskite LEDs are inadequate for practical application. Strategies to optimize the emitting layer and the device structure, with respect to material design, synthesis, surface passivation, and device optimization, are reviewed and highlighted. The long‐term stability of perovskite LEDs is evaluated as well. Meanwhile, several challenges and prospects for future development of perovskite materials and LEDs are identified.
Energy Device Applications of Synthesized 1D Polymer Nanomaterials
Authors: Huang Long‐Biao , Xu Wei , Hao Jianhua 
Published: September 2017

Abstract1D polymer nanomaterials as emerging materials, such as nanowires, nanotubes, and nanopillars, have attracted extensive attention in academia and industry. The distinctive, various, and tunable structures in the nanoscale of 1D polymer nanomaterials present nanointerfaces, high surface‐to‐volume ratio, and large surface area, which can improve the performance of energy devices. In this review, representative fabrication techniques of 1D polymer nanomaterials are summarized, including electrospinning, template‐assisted, template‐free, and inductively coupled plasma methods. The recent advancements of 1D polymer nanomaterials in energy device applications are demonstrated. Lastly, existing challenges and prospects of 1D polymer nanomaterials for energy device applications are presented.
Spatial and Temporal Variation in Brackish Wetland Seedbanks: Implications for Wetland Restoration Following Phragmites Control
Authors: Hazelton Eric L. G. , Downard Rebekah , Kettenring Karin M. , McCormick Melissa K. , Whigham Dennis F. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Chesapeake Bay tidal wetlands are experiencing a broad-scale, aggressive invasion by the non-native, clonal grass Phragmites australis. The grass is often managed with herbicides in efforts to restore native plant communities and wildlife habitat. Management efforts, however, can act as a disturbance, resulting in increased light availability, potentially fostering reinvasion from soil seedbanks. If native vegetation establishes quickly from seedbanks, the site should have greater resiliency against invasion, while disturbed sites where native plants do not rapidly establish may be rapidly colonized by P. australis. We surveyed the soil seedbank of three vegetation cover types in five Chesapeake Bay subestuaries: areas where P. australis had been removed, where P. australis was left intact, and with native, reference vegetation. We determined the total germination, the proportion of the seedbank that was attributable to invasive species, the richness, the functional diversity, and the overall composition of the seedbanks in each of the cover types (i.e., plots). After 2 years of herbicide treatment in the P. australis removal plots, vegetation cover type impacted the total germination or the proportion of invasive species in the seedbank. In contrast, we also found that seedbank functional composition in tidal brackish wetlands was not influenced by vegetation cover type in most cases. Instead, plots within a subestuary had similar seedbank functional composition across the years and were composed of diverse functional groups. Based on these findings, we conclude that plant community recovery following P. australis removal is not seed-limited, and any lack of native vegetation recruitment is likely the result of yet-to-be-determined abiotic factors. These diverse seedbanks could lead to resilient wetland communities that could resist invasions. However, due to the prevalence of undesirable species in the seedbank, passive revegetation following invasive plant removal may speed up their re-establishment. The need for active revegetation will need to be assessed on a case-by-case basis to ensure restoration goals are achieved.
Dimensions of an overlapping generalization of Barański carpets
Authors: PARDO-SIMÓN LETICIA 
Published: September 2017

We determine the Hausdorff, the packing and the box-counting dimensions of a family of self-affine sets generalizing Barański carpets. More specifically, we fix a Barański system and allow both vertical and horizontal random translations, while preserving the structure of the rows and columns. The alignment kept in the construction allows us to give expressions for these fractal dimensions outside of a small set of exceptional translations. Such formulae will coincide with those for the non-overlapping case, and thus provide examples where the box-counting and the Hausdorff dimension do not necessarily agree. These results rely on Hochman’s recent work on the dimensions of self-similar sets and measures, and can be seen as an extension of Fraser and Shmerkin [On the dimensions of a family of overlapping self-affine carpets. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.doi: 10.1017/etds.2015.21. Published online: 21 July 2015] results for Bedford–McMullen carpets with columns overlapping.
Adaptation and evaluation of an ELISA for Trypanosoma evansi infection (surra) in elephants and its application to a serological survey in Thailand
Authors: CAMOIN MARGOT , KOCHER ARTHUR , CHALERMWONG PIANGJAI , YANGTARRA SARAWUT , THONGTIP NIKORN , JITTAPALAPONG SATHAPORN , DESQUESNES MARC 
Published: September 2017

SUMMARYTrypanosoma evansi, the causative agent of surra, is widespread in domestic livestock and wildlife in South East Asia. Surra can affect cattle, buffaloes, horses and also Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Despite the ‘threatened to extinction’ CITES status of elephant, surra's impact has not been thoroughly assessed yet in this species. This work offers to adapt an antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) protocol, to detect Trypanosoma evansi antibodies in elephant serum. The test was validated with 365 negative-reference samples, which allowed the determination of a 16% positive threshold. The test was applied to a serological survey including 375 individuals. The estimated global seroprevalence was 2·1% (95% CI 1·1–4·2%). Therefore, surra does not appear to be endemic in Thai domestic elephants, but occasional outbreaks were reported to our laboratory during the survey period. These outbreaks seemed to be linked to close proximity to cattle or buffaloes, and led to severe clinical signs in elephants. Frequent relapses were observed after treatment with diminazene aceturate, the only trypanocide drug currently available in Thailand. Therefore, care should be taken to keep elephants away from bovine reservoirs, and to monitor the disease in this endangered species. ELISA proved to be reliable for screening purposes as well as for post-treatment monitoring.
Is strength‐training frequency a key factor to develop performance adaptations in young elite soccer players?
Authors: Otero‐Esquina Carlos , de Hoyo Lora Moisés , Gonzalo‐Skok Óliver , Domínguez‐Cobo Sergio , Sánchez Hugo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the effects of a combined strength‐training programme (full‐back squat, YoYoTM leg curl, plyometrics and sled towing exercises) on performance in elite young soccer players and to examine the effects when this training programme was performed one or two days per week. Thirty‐six male soccer players (U‐17 to U‐19) were recruited and assigned to experimental groups (EXP1: 1 s w−1; EXP2: 2 s w−1) or a control group (CON). Performance was assessed through a countermovement jump (CMJ) test (relative peak power [CMJPP] and CMJ height [CMJH]), a 20‐m linear sprint test with split‐times at 10‐m, and a change of direction test (V‐cut test) 1 week before starting the training programme and also 1 week after performing such training programme. Within‐group analysis showed substantial improvements in CMJ variables (ES: 0.39–0.81) and COD (ES: 0.70 and 0.76) in EXP1 and EXP2, while EXP2 also showed substantial enhancements in all linear sprinting tests (ES: 0.43–0.52). Between‐group analysis showed substantially greater improvements in CMJ variables (ES: 0.39–0.68) in experimental groups in comparison to CON. Furthermore, EXP2 achieved a substantial better performance in 20‐m (ES: 0.48–0.64) than EXP1 and CON. Finally, EXP2 also showed greater enhancements in 10‐m (ES: 0.50) and V‐cut test (ES: 0.52) than EXP1. In conclusion, the combined strength‐training programme improved jumping ability, independently of training frequency, though the achievement of two sessions per week also enhanced sprinting abilities (linear and COD) in young soccer players.
Proxy Pasts: The Use of British Historical References in Spanish American Independence Rhetoric, 1808–1828
Authors: Racine Karen 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In the independence era of the early nineteenth century, Spanish American patriot leaders hoped to find in Great Britain an ally not only in their fight for emancipation, but also in their efforts to become accepted into the family of nations. To do this, they not only cast their eyes across land and sea to study what contemporary Britain might offer as a political model, but they also ransacked the history books for material from its past. Although it is commonly assumed that the American and French Revolutions were the inspirations for Spanish American independence leaders, a strong case can be made for their attraction to the British model and historical experience. Their newspapers and congressional debates were filled with discussions of Magna Carta, the Tudors and Stuarts, the Armada, Oliver Cromwell and the English Civil War, all of which were deployed with great skill to inform contemporary debates on matters such as religious tolerance, the jury system, the relative merits of republics versus monarchies, and the role of strong women in public life. The extensive use of British historical references reveals much about a political model that was attracting serious consideration during the Spanish American independence period.
FACETS: using open data to measure community social determinants of health
Authors: Cantor Michael N , Chandras Rajan , Pulgarin Claudia 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Objective
To develop a dataset based on open data sources reflective of community-level social determinants of health (SDH).

Materials and Methods
We created FACETS (Factors Affecting Communities and Enabling Targeted Services), an architecture that incorporates open data related to SDH into a single dataset mapped at the census-tract level for New York City.

Results
FACETS (https://github.com/mcantor2/FACETS) can be easily used to map individual addresses to their census-tract-level SDH. This dataset facilitates analysis across different determinants that are often not easily accessible.

Discussion
Wider access to open data from government agencies at the local, state, and national level would facilitate the aggregation and analysis of community-level determinants. Timeliness of updates to federal non-census data sources may limit their usefulness.

Conclusion
FACETS is an important first step in standardizing and compiling SDH-related data in an open architecture that can give context to a patient’s condition and enable better decision-making when developing a plan of care.
Reinforcing the Mucoperiosteal Pocket with the Scarpa Fascia Graft in Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafting: A Retrospective Controlled Outcome Study
Authors: Lonic Daniel , Yamaguchi Kazuaki , Chien-Jung Pai Betty , Lo Lun-Jou 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Secondary alveolar bone grafting is the gold standard for the treatment of alveolar clefts in cleft lip and palate patients. The authors present a modified method using a Scarpa fascia graft that is placed deep into the mucoperiosteal pocket for watertight sealing of the bone graft chamber and limiting the graft position to the alveolar region for bony stability and tooth support. The outcome was assessed for clinical success in terms of bone graft stability and infection rate.

Methods:
Seventy-four unilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients were enrolled in this retrospective study consisting of equal-size Scarpa fascia and control groups of consecutive unilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients undergoing secondary alveolar bone grafting. Occlusal radiographs of the alveolar cleft taken at least 1 year postoperatively were evaluated for Spearman correlated Bergland and Witherow scales. Statistical evaluation was conducted using t test, chi-square test, and odds ratio.

Results:
The clinical success rate (Bergland types I and II) of the Scarpa fascia procedure was significantly higher (67.6 versus 94.6 percent, respectively), with a significantly lower infection rate (16.2 versus 2.7 percent, respectively) and a high correlation of Bergland and Witherow scales (0.964; p < 0.001). There was no wound dehiscence, fistula, bone graft exposure, or additional donor-site morbidity in the Scarpa fascia group.

Conclusion:
The authors’ new method of alveolar bone grafting with the Scarpa fascia graft is safe and effective, and has one of the highest documented success rates.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Unliganded Progesterone Receptor Governs Estrogen Receptor Gene Expression by Regulating DNA Methylation in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Verde Gaetano , De Llobet Lara I. , Wright Roni H.G. , Quilez Javier , Peiró Sandra , Dily François Le , Beato Miguel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBreast cancer prognosis and response to endocrine therapy strongly depends on the expression of the estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR, respectively). Although much is known about ERαgene (ESR1) regulation after hormonal stimulation, how it is regulated in hormone-free condition is not fully understood. We used ER-/PR-positive breast cancer cells to investigate the role of PR inESR1regulation in the absence of hormones. We show that PR binds to the low-methylatedESR1promoter and maintains both gene expression and DNA methylation of the ESR1 locus in hormone-deprived breast cancer cells. Depletion of PR reducesESR1expression, with a concomitant increase in gene promoter methylation. The high amount of methylation in theESR1promoter of PR-depleted cells persists after the stable re-expression of PR and inhibits PR binding to this genomic region. As a consequence, the rescue of PR expression in PR-depleted cells is insufficient to restoreESR1expression. Consistently, DNA methylation impedes PR binding to consensus progesterone responsive elements. These findings contribute to understanding the complex crosstalk between PR and ER and suggest that the analysis ofESR1promoter methylation in breast cancer cells can help to design more appropriate targeted therapies for breast cancer patients.
Effective reserve: a latent variable to improve outcome prediction in stroke
Authors: Schirmer Markus D. , Etherton Mark R. , Dalca Adrian V. , Giese Anne-Katrin , Cloonan Lisa , Wu Ona , Golland Polina , Rost Natalia S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundPrediction of functional outcome after stroke based on initial presentation remains an open challenge, suggesting that an important aspect is missing from these prediction models. There exists the notion of a protective mechanism called brain reserve, which may be utilized to understand variations in disease outcome. In this work we expand the concept of brain reserve (effective reserve) to improve prediction models of functional outcome after acute ischemic stroke (AIS).MethodsConsecutive AIS patients with acute brain MRI (<48 hours) were eligible for this study. White matter hyperintensity and acute infarct volume were determined on T2 fluid attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion weighted images, respectively. Modified Rankin Scale scores (mRS) were obtained at 90 days post-stroke. Effective reserve (eR) was defined as a latent variable using structural equation modeling by including age, systolic blood pressure, and intracranial volume measurements.ResultsOf 453 AIS patients (mean age 66.6±14.7 years), 36% were male and 311 hypertensive. There was inverse association between eR and 90-day mRS (path coefficient -0.18±0.01, p<0.01). As compared to a model without eR, correlation between predicted mRS and observed mRS improved in the eR-based model (Spearman’s ρ 0.29±0.18 versus 0.15±0.17, p<0.001). Furthermore, hypertensive patients exhibited lower eR (p<10−6).ConclusionUsing eR in prediction models of stroke outcome is feasible and leads to better model performance. Furthermore, higher eR is associated with more favorable functional post-stoke outcome and might correspond to an overall better vascular health.
A plasmid-basedEscherichia coligene expression system with cell-to-cell variation below the extrinsic noise limit
Authors: Hensel Zach 
Published: September 2017

AbstractExperiments in synthetic biology and microbiology can benefit from protein expression systems with low cell-to-cell variability (noise) and expression levels precisely tunable across a useful dynamic range. Despite advances in understanding the molecular biology of microbial gene regulation, many experiments employ protein-expression systems exhibiting high noise and nearly all-or-none responses to induction. I present an expression system that incorporates elements known to reduce gene expression noise: negative autoregulation and bicistronic transcription. I show by stochastic simulation that while negative autoregulation can produce a more gradual response to induction, bicistronic expression of a repressor and gene of interest can be necessary to reduce noise below the extrinsic limit. I synthesized a plasmid-based system incorporating these principles and studied its properties inEscherichia colicells, using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy to characterize induction dose-response, induction/repression kinetics and gene expression noise. By varying ribosome binding site strengths, expression levels from 55— 10,740 molecules/cell were achieved with noise below the extrinsic limit. Individual strains are inducible across a dynamic range greater than 20-fold. Experimental comparison of different regulatory networks confirmed that bicistronic autoregulation reduces noise, and revealed unexpectedly high noise for a conventional expression system with a constitutively expressed transcriptional repressor. I suggest a hybrid, low-noise expression system to increase the dynamic range.
Filling Gaps in Bacterial Amino Acid Biosynthesis Pathways with High-throughput Genetics
Authors: Price Morgan N. , Zane Grant M. , Kuehl Jennifer V. , Melnyk Ryan A. , Wall Judy D. , Deutschbauer Adam M. , Arkin Adam P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFor many bacteria with sequenced genomes, we do not understand how they synthesize some amino acids. This makes it challenging to reconstruct their metabolism, and has led to speculation that bacteria might be cross-feeding amino acids. We studied heterotrophic bacteria from 10 different genera that grow without added amino acids even though an automated tool predicts that the bacteria have gaps in their amino acid synthesis pathways. Across these bacteria, there were 11 gaps in their amino acid biosynthesis pathways that we could not fill using current knowledge. Using genome-wide mutant fitness data, we identified novel enzymes that fill 9 of the 11 gaps and hence explain the biosynthesis of methionine, threonine, serine, or histidine by bacteria from six genera. We also found that the sulfate-reducing bacteriumDesulfovibrio vulgarissynthesizes homocysteine (which is a precursor to methionine) by using DUF39, NIL/ferredoxin, and COG2122 proteins, and that homoserine is not an intermediate in this pathway. Our results suggest that most free-living bacteria can likely make all 20 amino acids and illustrate how high-throughput genetics can uncover previously-unknown amino acid biosynthesis genes.
Microglia from offspring of dams with allergic asthma exhibit epigenomic alterations in genes dysregulated in autism
Authors: Ciernia Annie Vogel , Careaga Milo , LaSalle Janine , Ashwood Paul 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDysregulation in immune responses during pregnancy increase the risk of a having a child with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases among pregnant women, and symptoms often worsen during pregnancy. We recently developed a mouse model of maternal allergic asthma (MAA) that induces changes in sociability, repetitive and perseverative behaviors in the offspring. Since epigenetic changes help a static genome adapt to the maternal environment, activation of the immune system may epigenetically alter fetal microglia, the brain’s resident immune cells. We therefore tested the hypothesis that epigenomic alterations to microglia may be involved in behavioral abnormalities observed in MAA offspring. We used the genome-wide approaches of whole genome bisulfite sequencing to examine DNA methylation and RNA sequencing to examine gene expression in microglia from juvenile MAA offspring. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were enriched for immune signaling pathways and important microglial developmental transcription factor binding motifs. Differential expression analysis identified genes involved in controlling microglial sensitivity to the environment and shaping neuronal connections in the developing brain. Differentially expressed associated genes significantly overlapped genes with altered expression in human ASD cortex, supporting a role for microglia in the pathogenesis of ASD.Main Points:Maternal allergic asthma induces changes in DNA methylation and transcription in juvenile offspring microgliaDifferentially methylated regions are enriched for functions and transcription factor binding motifs involved in inflammation and microglial developmentDifferentially expressed genes and differentially methylated regions are enriched for genes dysregulated in Autism Spectrum Disorders