bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is The Current Practice of Conducting Well Control Drills Obsolete?
Authors: Sookdeo Terrance , Fernandes Mary D. , Leong Weng Fei 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Do well control drills really work? Have you ever wondered about the effectiveness of the current practice of conducting well control drills? What more can we do to drive safety assurance? Is there another method that is more proactive or less reactive?
Traditionally, ad hoc meetings and safety briefings are conducted with the operator, service providers, and drilling contractors to align goals and objectives and operational risk management strategies. While these collaborations must continue and strengthen, they may not be sufficient for continued safety assurance. This possible insufficiency is further exacerbated by the transitory nature of the personnel, products, and services at the wellsite. Changing market conditions, dwindling capital expenditure and budgets, and the ever-increasing complexity of exploring and recovering hydrocarbons call to question reliance on traditional safety approaches. Industry incidents continue to demonstrate that they may not be sufficiently comprehensive. So, the question is: How can we ensure that transitory local crews can effectively respond to threats that pose an imminent risk to loss of well control?
The current method of well control drills has shortcomings. It is highly reactive and essentially only addresses the right-hand side of a BowTie risk assessment. In other words, the assumption is that we must focus drill efforts on personnel responses once the top event (on a BowTie) presents itself. Little or no action focuses on conducting threat-response drills to address the left-hand side of the BowTie risk assessment.
This paper presents a new approach for conducting drills at the right time, the right location, and with the right personnel to maximize the likelihood that we can respond to major disruptions when they occur. This new approach proactively manages risk, drives operational and safety assurance, and enhances the effectiveness of local crews who are the front line in preventing or mitigating loss of well control or loss of primary containment.
Managing Occupational Health Risk Challenges During Plant Turnaround
Authors: Hassan Haszelina 
Published: March 2017

Extended Abstract
Plant Turnaround, also known as a planned shutdown, is a period of scheduled non-production for the purpose of major maintenance activities. This major maintenance activities is crucial for plant optimization performance, efficiency, safety and to fulfill regulatory requirements. Turnaround activities involves intensive key maintenance works such as cleaning, inspection and repair within a fixed period involving large number of contracted workers. A big scale turnaround at refinery plants require more than 5000 workers at site with diverse work experiences, competencies, safety culture and behaviors.
Implementing Office Ergonomics in Challenging Times
Authors: Arasaratnam M 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) have become a major occupational health issue as the number of cases continue on an increasing trend worldwide. Office ergonomics was found to be a significant finding from a Health Risk Assessment conducted for an oil & gas company. A 4 prong intervention strategy was developed with the objective to improve employee's awareness & practice of ergonomics in the office setting and ultimately prevent long term MSDs.
The strategies involved setting standards for IT & furniture, establishing and implementing self-assessment checklists, intensifying ergonomic awareness as well as management of ergonomic cases.
With collaboration from IH experts and stakeholders from various businesses and divisions within the corporation, a revised guideline on ergonomics and a detailed program for implementation was developed.
However, with the oil & gas industry being in difficult times, some resourceful means of implementing the program were taken in order to achieve the objective without incurring a major cost impact.
This paper aims to document and share some significant actions taken such as the development of a self-assessment checklist in-house for a fraction of the cost it would have taken had it been outsourced, focusing on training change agents and employees to make use of the full potential of available furniture instead of purchasing new furniture, making provision of computers fit for purpose rather than in accordance to position as well as establishing simple, cost-friendly options of standard peripherals to make laptop use more ergonomic.
Regulator Industry Partnerships for Effective Offshore Oil Spill Preparedness and Response
Authors: Jones Rhys D. , Cox Rob T. , O’Brien Michael L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The IOPER – the International Offshore Petroleum Environment Regulators is a collaborative group of national regulators whose members are dedicated to raising environmental performance standards within the offshore petroleum exploration and production industry. This includes ensuring that standards applicable to the industry's normal operations, as well as environmental emergency prevention, preparedness and response are produced and exercised.
In a similar fashion, IPIECA – The Global Association for Environmental and Social issues and IOGP – the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers have recently completed a five year multi-million-dollar effort to write recommended practices, good practice guidelines, technical discussion and information papers and many other reference documents. Part of that process has seen a systematic and constructive dialogue with offshore regulators in many countries – both nascent and developed – many of whom are members of the IOPER.
Globally, and particularly since the 2010 Gulf of Mexico incident, the offshore industry has adapted its approach to managing offshore oil pollution risks and regulators likewise have responded within the bounds of their national legislation. A logical next step was for regulators to work together with the oil and gas industry internationally to improve global oil pollution preparedness by the regulatory community developing a set of preparedness principles for application in the offshore sector, and the global associations (IPIECA and IOGP) mapping their best practices to these principles.
A total of six principles are outlined for monitoring the quality and quantity of industry oil spill preparedness for offshore activities.
This paper will outline the components of each of the six principles and explain in detail how the industry has responded to and mapped their Good Practice Guidance, Recommended Practices and other standards to the regulatory initiative with examples given for each of the principles
Regeneration Monitoring on Pipeline Projects: The PNG LNG Experience
Authors: Mosby A. , Sugihara M. N. , Mogina J. , Novotny V. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The PNG LNG operation extends from Papua New Guinea’s Highlands Region in the north to Caution Bay in the Central Province near Port Moresby. The five key PNG LNG facilities are the LNG Plant near Port Moresby, the Hides Gas Conditioning Plant, a series of production wells, approximately 800 kilometres of pipelines, and Komo Airfield. Construction of PNG LNG facilities started in early 2010. The facilities were completed in 2014, with loading of the first LNG cargo on 25 May 2014. In the production phase, PNG LNG has the capacity to produce around 7.4 million tonnes of LNG per year. During the life of PNG LNG, it is expected that about 250 billion cubic metres of gas will be produced and sold to provide a long-term supply of LNG to customers in Asia.
The PNG LNG footprint includes large tracks of high-value sensitive ecosystem. Recognizing the importance of ensuring regeneration in areas temporarily disturbed by construction, the PNG LNG Project instituted a multi-year regeneration monitoring program to track the level of vegetative regrowth occurring on the Pipeline Right of Way (ROW) and other disturbed areas, mainly focusing on the Upstream project areas. The Project’s objectives are to promote regeneration of temporary work areas disturbed during construction and achieve vegetation succession according to established benchmarks. To evaluate this objective, the PNG LNG Project instituted this regeneration monitoring program. The results of this paper focus on the monitoring through 1H2015, and so represent only initial findings to a multi-year regeneration effort.
SIL Product Certificates for Efficient Documentation of Functional Safety - Challenges and Pitfalls
Authors: Østdahl Anne , Grøtteland Cecilie Sneberg , Casal Angel , Berridge Chris 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
According to the functional safety standard IEC 61508 (2010), requirements apply to Safety Instrumented Functions (SIFs) for achieving a certain Safety Integrity Level (SIL). A typical SIF comprises of initiators (e.g. sensors), logic solvers and final elements (e.g. valves). A common method for SIF equipment vendors to document compliance with the standard is the use of SIL product certificates. This can be an efficient way of demonstrating functional safety compliance, but also involves certain challenges which will be discussed in this paper.
A study has been undertaken to identify recurring issues in functional safety compliance. This study is based on experience with SIL projects undertaken for various vendors, integrators/engineering companies and operators. The projects comprise SIL Failure Mode, Effects and Diagnostic Analyses (FMEDAs), safety manuals, certifications and SIL compliance reports. The main aim of the study is to identify challenges and pitfalls and to provide solutions for preparing traceable and unambiguous compliance documentation. During the study it became evident that final elements presented unique challenges to SIL compliance, so this paper particularly focuses on documenting compliance for valves.
The study reveals challenges related to the methodology used to reach a rational conclusion to the integrity of SIF elements covered in each certificate. This especially relates to definition of safe state for the relevant SIFs. It is important to have a clear and unambiguous definition of safe state, as this might give a different result regarding compliance. Clearly stating the application where the element is going to be used is important; this includes operational and environmental conditions. Challenges are also related to the failure rate derivation and whether the scope of the FMEDA is the element isolated or the element in a given application/system. The paper presents concrete examples of challenges, describes the impact of erroneous analyses and proposes solutions for each challenge.
This paper considers best practices for issuing SIL certificates, limitations and advantages of SIL certification, and methods to ensure efficient compliance documentation, reliable results, and avoidance of the challenges discussed.
Social License to Operate: A Recipe for Project Success
Authors: Nazreen Shah Ruslan Ahmad 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The paper aims to elucidate the importance of stakeholder engagement, public consultation, conflict management and community outreach in securing social license to operate from the communities in delivering a successful project. All these elements are interconnected and vital to manage the changing landscape of stakeholder's expectations.
The paper also aims to put forward some lessons learned and good practices from PETRONAS projects in Malaysia or abroad whichever appropriate. These good practices are among the lessons learned from projects and how they are put into practice on the ground.
In this new era of globalization, securing social license to operate is as important as obtaining license to operte from the regulators. Time has change and social license to operate has started to gain traction especially in the last 10 years. History has shown that projects in any parts of the world can fail if they are not being managed properly and this can impact their image, reputation and most importantly their coffers and business sustainability.
Social Performance Indicators in the Update of the Oil and Gas Industry Guidance on Sustainability Reporting
Authors: Murphy H. , Collacott R. , Campbell J. A. , Padilla A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
To assist oil and gas companies with reporting on non-financial performance, IPIECA – the global oil and gas industry association for environmental and social issues, the American Petroleum Industry (API) and the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IOGP) published the Oil & Gas Industry Guidance on Voluntary Sustainability Reporting in 2005 as a framework for improving the quality and consistency of voluntary sustainability reporting. As societal and stakeholder concerns about energy security, climate change and related issues persist, sustainability reporting in the oil and gas sector continues to play a pivotal role in the way individual companies engage with a broad range of stakeholders on their activities and plans. The Guidance was first revised in 2010, and then again more recently in 2015, to update the framework, refine indicator protocols, and introduce new indicators where needed. This paper discusses the value of sustainability reporting, the motivation behind the update and the changes made, before providing an overview of social performance indicators in the Third Edition of the Guidance.
Product Regulatory Compliance in an Agile Supply Chain
Authors: Chai Meng Jin 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Product stewardship has developed progressively into a social license to operate expectation from consumers and businesses alike in today's chemical industry. This trend has been reinforced by governing authorities with the introduction of increasing number and complexity of chemical regulations which shifts added responsibility to industry to manage product supply chains in a more sustainable fashion. This has no exemptions to the oil and gas industry which calls for the embedment of product safety, product regulatory compliance and the overarching product stewardship agenda into the core of a product's value chain at every life cycle stage. This paper gives a brief overview of major emerging regulations in the Asia Pacific region relevant to industry and examines the impact of these regulations towards a product's supply and value chain. This paper also highlights the prospects for early adopters to transform the perceived burden of compliance into strategic opportunities to enhance product stewardship performance as well as secure long term access to markets by adapting key areas in the product's supply chain as well as leveraging supply chain intelligence. This is with the goal of implementing structured data driven approach or "data to decision" frameworks in securing existing product market access and bringing new products into target markets thereby reducing "time to market" from a product regulatory compliance stand point as well as adequately managing product HSE risks systematically.
Achieving HSE Performance on a Previously Inactive Rig through Crew Resource Management Approach
Authors: Hamzah Rosli , Ghani Syazwan , Nurdin Muaz 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
An approach to establish an effective HSE culture on a previously inactive jack-up rig contracted for a one well drilling program proved successful in achieving the campaign HSE targets. The challenges were remote location, crews were unfamiliar with each other much less with the service company's personnel and unfamiliarity with the rig equipment. In addition, the operator's shore based team did not have previous experience in Crew Resource Management (CRM) approach.
A CRM approach in tandem with an iterative job planning and execution strategy based on Deming's Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle was utilized. Personnel with extensive hands on experience in this aspect were mobilized to the rig to provide coaching on board covering all personnel. Coach's observations were shared daily with head office and performance metrics were monitored to gauge performance to identify area of focus for coaching. A weekly debrief with the shore based management team on progress was also carried out.
The effectiveness of this approach was assessed with previously employed CRM used on working rigs on long term contracts as well as rigs on a one well contract. The coaching commenced after the rig was already in operations and the change in HSE culture could be compared to the culture after CRM approach was implemented. Results showed that the approach used in this campaign resulted in significant improvement in the performance metrics that were monitored. In addition, in a matter of six weeks, significant improvements were observed on non-technical skills as a leading indicator. Participation by all on board the rig with strong support from shore based and head office management of the operator and drilling contractor were key to the success of the program
How to Manage HSSE Risks in the Giant Oilfield Between Iraq and Iran Border?
Authors: Rong Li , Zhongjun Xu , Xianglin Sun , Xi Wang , Liqiu Ping , JiaXing Wang 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
CNPC has undertaken several giant oilfields between Iran and Iraq border including N. Azadegan, S. Azadegan, Halfaya and Rumaila for oil development. As a result of an extended investigation and evaluation of existing risks, personnel safety should be given prority and countermeasures are discussed on the basis of dozens of years’ operation experiences.
The HSSE challenges of those fields are many: a lot of unexploded ordnance were littered along the border as a result of Iran-Iraq war, so huge costs and longer construction duration for cleaning them prior to develop the oilfield; potential risks of war and terrorist attack always exist in Iraq as one of project managers was attacked by roadside bomb and one employee was kindnapped according to Media reported; sensitive wetland might be polluted by waste water/oil, drilling cutting, residual acid while local authorities have the strictest environment protection.
This paper will focus on some causes of HSSE accidents such as lack of balance between fast operation and process safety, unsafe behavior. Furthermore, more HSSE management measures are provided: (1) Three Specialized Grand HSSE principles of CNPC have been established from the beginning of oilfield development. Grand Security is the foundation of HSSE; Grand Logistics is the safeguard of HSSE and Grand Harmony is the necessity of HSSE. Among of which impregnable fortress and safe camp are built, centralized management of logistics and accommodations for both Companies and all Contractors on basis of each project; the tri-sector partnership between the consortium, civil society and the government is established as one consortium for a harmony local community. (2) Emergency Plan for evacuation is submitted, meanwhile, some cases are introduced. (3) "Zero discharge and Zero pollution" scheme is addressed hereby. In sum, "Safety first" culture is established on the critical plan to meet development target of each oilfield.
According to successful HSSE management, accident frequencies have been decreased sharply and nobody hurt in terms of terrorist attack. The intent of this paper is to share HSSE experiences and learning that may enable future safe operations in the oilfield between Iran and Iraq border, to avoid some of the operation and safe pitfalls.
Health Management Solution Thanks to Wireless Vibration Sensors Network
Authors: Vincent Le Breton , Guillaume Lavaure , Pascal Vouagner , Laurent Bonnans 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Integrity management of assets has become a major issue for oil & gas contractors. Despite regular inspections and numerous safety procedures, failure events are still regularly reported from fields. Consequences are generally limited however; the risk of catastrophic events is still high whereas new systems could be easily put in place for reasonable pricing and without impacts on operations. This paper presents an innovative solution based on combination of traditional vibration measurements and wireless technology that helps operator to get an accurate health status of operating installation.
Vibration and temperature sensors can periodically and autonomously provide measurements to a condition-based maintenance software. By eliminating the wiring constraints, critical machinery located on difficult or dangerous access areas can now be instrumented and monitored easily. Wireless technology allows users to hold off the risk of rotating parts or hot spots by limitation of interventions. Condition based maintenance (CBM) techniques such as vibration analysis allows detection of suspect mechanical behaviors at the earliest possible stages for the best mitigation strategy.
This paper presents the demonstrator of such solution which has been deployed within industrial harsh environment. Ship machineries have been equipped with a complete and fully autonomous system. As an example some pumps have been monitored during a 6 weeks sea campaign. This pilot-test has demonstrated efficiency of such system and readiness of wireless technology for surveillance applications. The chosen application of shipping industry is particularly representative of harsh environment constraints as well as difficult access. Furthermore, quick installation and easy set-up of the entire system is compatible of operation constraints of commercial ships in service.
As an outcome of this experimentation, vibration and temperature measurement have been recorded over time. Smartly computed, this type of information provides at a glance to the operator a very accurate health status of critical components like bearings, gears, unbalance, misalignment… Overall behavior and tendencies have been displayed and shared with the operator. Compatibility of the proposed solution with operator expectation has been validated. Featuring of overall overview with color indicators (Green/yellow/red) is especially appreciated.
Optimization of Mercury Health Surveillance Program for Offshore Workers
Authors: Ling Lee Hooi , Kasim Asmahwati 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Offshore production of oil and gas is capital intensive coupled with high operational costs. The current low oil price continuing from 2015 and 2016 are having a profound impact on offshore oil producers’ profitability and viability. Offshore oil workers face the constant challenge of improving operational efficiency and lowering operational cost. In this current climate it is even more important to ensure offshore workers’ health and wellbeing are not compromised to ensure social responsibility and optimal productivity. This normally will necessitate constant health monitoring of offshore workers. The objective of this paper is to share some of the lessons learnt in determining (a) which workers are required to be in the Mercury Health Surveillance Program, (b) the necessary and effective Personal Protection Equipment for these workers and (c) the required Mercury Health Awareness training for these workers.