bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring an optimal wavelet-based filter for cryo-ET imaging
Authors: Huang Xinrui , Li Sha , Gao Song 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) is one of the most advanced technologies for the in situ visualization of molecular machines by producing three-dimensional (3D) biological structures. However, cryo-ET imaging has two serious disadvantages—low dose and low image contrast—which result in high-resolution information being obscured by noise and image quality being degraded, and this causes errors in biological interpretation. The purpose of this research is to explore an optimal wavelet denoising technique to reduce noise in cryo-ET images. We perform tests using simulation data and design a filter using the optimum selected wavelet parameters (three-level decomposition, level-1 zeroed out, subband-dependent threshold, a soft-thresholding and spline-based discrete dyadic wavelet transform (DDWT)), which we call a modified wavelet shrinkage filter; this filter is suitable for noisy cryo-ET data. When testing using real cryo-ET experiment data, higher quality images and more accurate measures of a biological structure can be obtained with the modified wavelet shrinkage filter processing compared with conventional processing. Because the proposed method provides an inherent advantage when dealing with cryo-ET images, it can therefore extend the current state-of-the-art technology in assisting all aspects of cryo-ET studies: visualization, reconstruction, structural analysis, and interpretation.
Molecular dynamic simulations reveal structural insights into substrate and inhibitor binding modes and functionality of Ecto-Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolases
Authors: Iqbal Jamshed , Shah Syed Jawad Ali 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEcto-nucleotidase enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides to their respective nucleosides. Herein, we place the focus on the elucidation of structural features of the cell surface located ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (E-NTPDase1-3 and 8). The physiological role of these isozymes is crucially important as they control purinergic signaling by modulating the extracellular availability of nucleotides. Since, crystal or NMR structure of the human isozymes are not available – structures have been obtained by homology modeling. Refinement of the homology models with poor stereo-chemical quality is of utmost importance in order to derive reliable structures for subsequent studies. Therefore, the resultant models obtained by homology modelling were refined by running molecular dynamic simulation. Binding mode analysis of standard substrates and of competitive inhibitor was conducted to highlight important regions of the active site involved in hydrolysis of the substrates and possible mechanism of inhibition.
Development of Highly Active Bifunctional Electrocatalyst Using Co3O4 on Carbon Nanotubes for Oxygen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Ahmed Mohammad Shamsuddin , Choi Byungchul , Kim Young-Bae 
Published: February 2018

AbstractReplacement of precious platinum catalyst with efficient and cheap bifunctional alternatives would be significantly beneficial for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the application of these catalysts in fuel cells is highly crucial. Despite numerous studies on electrocatalysts, the development of bifunctional electrocatalysts with comparatively better activity and low cost remains a big challenge. In this paper, we report a nanomaterial consisting of nanocactus-shaped Co3O4 grown on carbon nanotubes (Co3O4/CNTs) and employed as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the simultaneous catalysis on ORR, and OER. The Co3O4/CNTs exhibit superior catalytic activity toward ORR and OER with the smallest potential difference (0.72 V) between the $${{\boldsymbol{E}}}_{{{\boldsymbol{j}}}_{{\bf{10}}}}$$

E

j

10

(1.55 V) for OER and E1/2 (0.83 V) for ORR. Thus, Co3O4/CNTs are promising high-performance and cost-effective bifunctional catalysts for ORR and OER because of their overall superior catalytic activity and stability compared with 20 wt% Pt/C and RuO2, respectively. The superior catalytic activity arises from the unique nanocactus-like structure of Co3O4 and the synergetic effects of Co3O4 and CNTs.
Transcriptome analysis and identification of P450 genes relevant to imidacloprid detoxification in Bradysia odoriphaga
Authors: Chen Chengyu , Wang Cuicui , Liu Ying , Shi Xueyan , Gao Xiwu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPesticide tolerance poses many challenges for pest control, particularly for destructive pests such as Bradysia odoriphaga. Imidacloprid has been used to control B. odoriphaga since 2013, however, imidacloprid resistance in B. odoriphaga has developed in recent years. Identifying actual and potential genes involved in detoxification metabolism of imidacloprid could offer solutions for controlling this insect. In this study, RNA-seq was used to explore differentially expressed genes in B. odoriphaga that respond to imidacloprid treatment. Differential expression data between imidacloprid treatment and the control revealed 281 transcripts (176 with annotations) showing upregulation and 394 transcripts (235 with annotations) showing downregulation. Among them, differential expression levels of seven P450 unigenes were associated with imidacloprid detoxification mechanism, with 4 unigenes that were upregulated and 3 unigenes that were downregulated. The qRT-PCR results of the seven differential expression P450 unigenes after imidacloprid treatment were consistent with RNA-Seq data. Furthermore, oral delivery mediated RNA interference of these four upregulated P450 unigenes followed by an insecticide bioassay significantly increased the mortality of imidacloprid-treated B. odoriphaga. This result indicated that the four upregulated P450s are involved in detoxification of imidacloprid. This study provides a genetic basis for further exploring P450 genes for imidacloprid detoxification in B. odoriphaga.
Synthetic miRNAs induce dual arboviral-resistance phenotypes in the vector mosquito Aedes aegypti
Authors: Yen Pei-Shi , James Anthony , Li Jian-Chiuan , Chen Chun-Hong , Failloux Anna-Bella 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMosquito-borne arboviruses are responsible for recent dengue, chikungunya, and Zika pandemics. The yellow-fever mosquito,Aedes aegypti, plays an important role in the transmission of all three viruses. We developed a miRNA-based approach that results in a dual resistance phenotype in mosquitoes to dengue serotype 3 (DENV-3) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. The target viruses are from two distinct arboviral families and the antiviral mechanism is designed to function through the endogenous miRNA pathway in infected mosquitoes. Challenge experiments showed reductions in viral transmission efficiency of transgenic mosquitoes. Several components of mosquito fitness were examined, and transgenic mosquitoes with thePUbpromoter showed minor fitness costs at all developing stages. Further development of these strains with gene editing tools could make them candidates for releases in population replacement strategies for sustainable control of multiple arbovirus diseases.
Voice, Articulation, and Prosody Contribute to Listener Perceptions of Speaker Gender: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Leung Yeptain , Oates Jennifer , Chan Siew Pang 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review of the aspects of verbal communication contributing to listener perceptions of speaker gender with a view to providing clinicians with guidance for the selection of the training goals when working with transsexual individuals.

Method
Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines were adopted in this systematic review. Studies evaluating the contribution of aspects of verbal communication to listener perceptions of speaker gender were rated against a new risk of bias assessment tool. Relevant data were extracted, and narrative synthesis was then conducted. Meta-analyses were conducted when appropriate data were available.

Results
Thirty-eight articles met the eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis showed speaking fundamental frequency contributing to 41.6% of the variance in gender perception. Auditory-perceptual and acoustic measures of pitch, resonance, loudness, articulation, and intonation were found to be associated with listeners' perceptions of speaker gender. Tempo and stress were not significantly associated. Mixed findings were found as to the contribution of a breathy voice quality to gender perception. Nonetheless, there exists significant risk of bias in this body of research.

Conclusions
Speech and language clinicians working with transsexual individuals may use the results of this review for goal setting. Further research is required to redress the significant risk of bias.
Automatic antenna scan type classification for next‐generation electronic warfare receivers
Authors: Ayazgok Suleyman , Erdem Cihangir , Ozturk Mustafa Talha , Orduyilmaz Adnan , Serin Mahmut 
Published: February 2018

Cognitive electronic warfare (EW) is the key feature for next‐generation EW systems. The deinterleaving and classification of received radar pulses and selection of the proper electronic attack technique are the common issues for non‐preprogrammed cognitive jamming systems. Antenna scan type (AST) is a dominant parameter to discriminate and solve the ambiguities for the classification of the radar threats. In the literature, there are solutions for the classification of conical, helical, raster, and bidirectional scan types. In this study, spiral and electronic scan types are introduced in the AST analysis algorithm. Moreover, a new method based on correlation is proposed to determine the main beam signal. The proposed method gives better performance than amplitude thresholding‐based algorithms for not only newly added but also other scan types. Also, main beam flatness ratio is proposed as a new feature to separate electronic scan types from the other scan types. Intensive simulations are executed to evaluate the performance of the proposed new method and feature. The classification of the conical, spiral, helical, circular, raster, and sector scan types at ∼15 dB signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) is completed with 98% success. For electronic scan types, at least 94% classification accuracy is observed for SNR values above 20 dB.
Pulsational instabilities driven by the ∈ mechanism in hot pre-horizontal branch stars
Authors: Battich Tiara , Miller Bertolami Marcelo M. , Córsico Alejandro H. , Althaus Leandro G. 
Published: February 2018

Context. The ∈ mechanism is a self-excitation mechanism of stellar pulsations that acts in regions inside the star where nuclear burning takes place. It has been shown that the ∈ mechanism can excite pulsations in models of hot pre-horizontal branch stars before they settle into the stable helium core-burning phase. Moreover, it has been shown that this mechanism could explain the shortest periods of LS IV-14°116, a mild He-sdBV star.
Aims. We aim to study the ∈ mechanism in stellar models appropriate for hot pre-horizontal branch stars to predict their pulsational properties and the instability domain in the log g − log Teff plane.
Methods. We performed detailed computations of non-adiabatic non-radial pulsations on stellar models during the helium subflashes just before the helium-core burning phase. Computations were carried out for different values of initial helium composition, metallicity, and envelope mass at the moment of helium flash.
Results. We find an instability domain of long-period gravity modes due to the ∈ mechanism in the log g − log Teff plane at roughly 22 000 K ≲ Teff ≲ 50 000 K and 4.67 ≲ log g ≲ 6.15. Consequently, we find instabilities due to the ∈ mechanism on pre-extreme horizontal branch stellar models (Teff ≳ 22 000 K), but not on pre-blue horizontal branch stellar models (Teff ≲ 21 000 K). The periods of excited modes range between ~200 and ~2000 s. Comparison with the three known pulsating He-rich subdwarfs shows that ∈ mechanism can excite gravity modes in stars with similar surface properties (He abundances, log g, log Teff), but in our models it is only able to excite modes in the range of the shortest observed periods.
Conclusions. We predict a new instability strip for hot-subdwarf stars of which LS IV-14°116 could be the first inhabitant. Based on simple estimates we expect 1 to 10 stars in the current samples of hot-subdwarf stars to be pulsating by the ∈ mechanism. Our results could constitute a theoretical basis for future searches of pulsators in the Galactic field.
Klinische Studie: Regenerationspotential der Hautsensibilität nach thermischen
Hautschädigungen im Kindesalter
Authors: Fuchs Stephan , Klohs Gunter , Kornhuber Malte , Finke Rainer 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Hautsensibilität ist meist zerstört nach tiefgradigen thermischen Hautschädigungen. Die
Regeneration der Sinnesempfindung scheint bisher nicht möglich.
Methode 31 Kinder mit 338 Hautarealen wurden untersucht und entsprechend ihrer Therapie eingeteilt:
Gruppe 1: Nekrosektomie + Spalthauttransplantation, Gruppe 2: epifasziale
Nekrosektomie + Spalthauttransplantation, Gruppe 3: epifasziale
Nekrosektomie + Integra® + palthauttransplantation. Zur Hauttestung wurden klinisch gebräuchliche
Verfahren eingesetzt.
Ergebnisse 31 Kinder (3 bis 16 Jahre alt) wurden mit insgesamt 228 Hautarealen untersucht. Bei den 22
Jungen und 9 Mädchen waren durchschnittlich 17,6 % der Körperoberfläche geschädigt. Das durchschnittliche
Alter beim Trauma betrug 4,9 Jahre. Regeneration der Hautempfindung in Gruppe 3: Tastenempfinden mit spitzen
Reiz = 34/47 Hautarealen (n = 6 Kinder), Tastempfinden mit stumpfen Reiz = 47/57 Hautarealen (n = Kinder),
Berührungsempfinden mit Wattestab = 37/56 Hautarealen (n = 7 Kinder), Auslenkung der Hauthaare = 9/12
Hautarealen (n = 4 Kindern), Druckempfinden (Frey Haare) = 40/43 Hautareale (n = 7 Kinder). In der Gruppe 1
war bei 7/13 Kindern (70/94 Hautregionen) eine Reizdifferenzierung bei Berührung möglich. Die simultane
Raumschwelle lag bei 1,8 cm (SD 1,4) und in der Kontrollgruppe bei 1,2 cm (SD 1,1). Die sukzessive
Raumschwelle lag bei 1,6 (SD 0,9) und in der Kontrollgruppe bei 1,8 /SD 1,5). In der Gruppe 2 waren war bei 3
von 6 Kindern (27 von 52 Hautregion) eine Reizdifferenzierung bei Berührung möglich. Die simultane
Raumschwelle lag bei 3,4 cm (SD 1,3) und in der Kontrollgruppe bei 3,4 cm (SD 1,1). Die sukzessive
Raumschwelle lag bei 2,4 (SD 1,0) und in der Kontrollgruppe bei 1,7 (0,7). In der Gruppe 3 wurde ein Patient
untersucht. Hier war in 4 von 15 Hautarealen eine Reizdifferenzierung bei Berührung möglich. Die simultane
Raumschwelle lag bei 3,9 (SD 0,8) und in der Kontrollgruppe bei 2,9 (SD 1,1). Die sukzessive Raumschwelle lag
bei 2,7 (SD 1,4) und in der Kontrollgruppe bei 2,1 (SD 1,0). Unabhängig von der Messmethode war eine
Vibrationsempfindung nahezu identisch auslösbar. Die elektrophysiologische Ableitung erbrachte eine
signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen intakter und ehemals geschädigter Haut.
Schlussfolgerung Auch nach tiefgradigen thermischen Hautschädigung im Kindesalter ist die Regeneration
der Hautempfindung möglich.
Herausforderungen und Fallstricken zum Trotz: Wie die Ophthalmologie von Next-Generation Sequencing profitiert
Authors: Bolz Hanno 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungInnerhalb weniger Jahre ist die Anwendung von Hochdurchsatzsequenzierung (next-generation sequencing, NGS) in der genetischen Diagnostik zur Routine geworden und hat die konventionelle Sanger-Sequenzierung aus vielen Bereichen weitgehend verdrängt. Mit der Komplexität der Daten gehen besondere Anforderungen insbesondere an die Bioinformatik einher, da die Identifizierung der krankheitsauslösenden Varianten schwierig sein kann und falsche Schlussfolgerungen vermieden werden sollen. Man kann aber, wenn man exemplarisch für andere (Augen-)Erkrankungen die Retinopathien als Gruppe mit ausgeprägter genetischer Heterogenität betrachtet, schon heute sagen, dass die NGS-basierte Diagnostik den meisten Patienten und den betreuenden Ärzten wichtige Informationen liefert und unser Wissen maßgeblich erweitert hat. In der ophthalmogenetischen Forschung hat NGS zudem zur Identifizierung zahlreicher neuer Krankheitsgene geführt.
Initial experience with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy with T-fastener fixation in pediatric patients
Authors: Kvello Morten , Knatten Charlotte , Perminow Gøri , Skari Hans , Engebretsen Anders , Schistad Ole , Emblem Ragnhild , Bjørnland Kristin 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Insertion of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) with push-through technique and T-fastener fixation (PEG-T) has recently been introduced in pediatric patients. The T-fasteners allow a primary insertion of a balloon gastrostomy. Due to limited data on the results of this technique in children, we have investigated peri- and postoperative outcomes after implementation of PEG-T in our department.
Patients and methods This retrospective chart review included all patients below 18 years who underwent PEG-T placement from 2010 to 2014. Main outcomes were 30-day postoperative complications and late gastrostomy-related complications.
Results In total, 87 patients were included, and median follow-up time was 2.4 years (1 month – 4.9 years). Median age and weight at PEG-T insertion were 1.9 years (9.4 months – 16.4 years) and 10.4 kg (5.4 – 33.0 kg), respectively. Median operation time was 28 minutes (10 – 65 minutes), and 6 surgeons and 3 endoscopists performed the procedures. During the first 30 days, 54 complications occurred in 41 patients (47 %). Most common were peristomal infections treated with either local antibiotics in 11 patients (13 %) or systemic antibiotics in 11 other patients (13 %). 9 patients (10 %) experienced tube dislodgment. Late gastrostomy-related complications occurred in 33 patients (38 %). The T-fasteners caused early and late complications in 9 (10 %) and 11 patients (13 %), respectively. Of these, 4 patients (5 %) had subcutaneously migrated T-fasteners which were removed under general anesthesia.
Conclusion We found a high rate of complications after PEG-T. In particular, problems with the T-fasteners and tube dislodgment occurred frequently after PEG-T insertion.
Barthel-Index
Authors: Hiller Berit , Kirschke Vivian 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungUm herauszufinden, ob der Barthel-Index ein geeignetes Assessment für die Erhebung des Pflegeaufwandes in einer
ambulanten Hämodialysepraxis ist, haben wir uns seit Dezember 2015 mit diesem Thema beschäftigt. Begonnen
haben wir mit einer Datenerhebung bei 105 Dialysepatienten in Bezug auf Pflegestufen bzw. -grade sowie mit der
Erhebung des Barthel-Index. Im Anschluss ermittelten wir relevante Leistungsparameter für den tatsächlichen
Pflegeaufwand in der Dialyse, ordneten ihnen jeweils einen Zeitfaktor zu und nutzten den Januar 2016, diese
mithilfe unserer Kollegen zu protokollieren. Die Auswertung des Barthel-Index im Vergleich zur Auswertung der
von uns erfassten Leistungsparameter ergab schnell, dass wir in der Dialysepraxis auf ganz andere pflegerische
Maßnahmen stoßen, die im Barthel-Index gar nicht berücksichtigt sind. Daraus schließen wir, dass der
Barthel-Index kein geeignetes Assessment für die ambulante Hämodialysepraxis ist.
Intramuscular Testosterone Supplementation Ameliorates Depression in Hypogonadal Men: A Retrospective Study in an Outpatient Department
Authors: Miclea Andrei , Miclea Marius , Pistor Maximilian , Stegmayer Katharina , Hoepner Robert 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Introduction Substantial evidence has indicated an association between hypogonadism and depressive symptoms, which led to the conduction of studies that found an ameliorating effect of testosterone (T) supplementation (S) upon depression in men.
Methods Retrospective analysis of medical records identified 16 depressed, hypogonadal men who have not responded adequately to initial antidepressant therapy and subsequently received intramuscular T injections. Following the proposal of Button et al., a minimal clinically important difference was defined as an 18% reduction of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) score.
Results After TS, the BDI-II score decreased by approximately 31% (p<0.01), from 27.2 (mean; standard deviation [SD] 11.8) to 18.8 (mean; SD 11.3). Patients with baseline BDI-II scores ranging from 29 to 63 (severe depression) showed a significantly higher absolute and relative reduction through TS. Also, men with a shorter depression duration (<2 years) demonstrated a greater benefit.
Conclusions The depressed, hypogonadal men generally benefited from TS given that the BDI-II score reduction was almost twice as much as needed for a minimal clinically important difference.
Neologisms
Authors: Kathpalia Sujata S. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Studies in word-formation in English are common compared to the study of new words that are formed by combining the resources of two linguistic systems. Although new word formations within a language are considered to be highly creative, combining words from two different languages provides another level of creativity to bilinguals in different situations. The objective of this paper is to examine the main types of word creation processes employed in mass media texts, particularly in Hindi-English code-mixed words. The focus is on three main processes of word creation: affixation, blending and compounding (including reduplication) and they are discussed from the perspective of productivity/creativity, distribution and underlying motivations. These processes seem to be illustrative of the nativization of inner circle English in India, particularly in mass media where such lexical adaptations lend texts a distinct flavor through innovation in word-formation.
Accuracy, intra‐ and inter‐unit reliability, and comparison between GPS and UWB‐based position‐tracking systems used for time–motion analyses in soccer
Authors: Bastida Castillo Alejandro , Gómez Carmona Carlos D. , De la cruz sánchez Ernesto , Pino Ortega José 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThere is interest in the accuracy and inter‐unit reliability of position‐tracking systems to monitor players. Research into this technology, although relatively recent, has grown exponentially in the last years, and it is difficult to find professional team sport that does not use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology at least. The aim of this study is to know the accuracy of both GPS‐based and Ultra Wide Band (UWB)‐based systems on a soccer field and their inter‐ and intra‐unit reliability. A secondary aim is to compare them for practical applications in sport science. Following institutional ethical approval and familiarization, 10 healthy and well‐trained former soccer players (20 ± 1.6 years, 1.76 ± 0.08 cm, and 69.5 ± 9.8 kg) performed three course tests: (i) linear course, (ii) circular course, and (iii) a zig–zag course, all using UWB and GPS technologies. The average speed and distance covered were compared with timing gates and the real distance as references. The UWB technology showed better accuracy (bias: 0.57–5.85%), test–retest reliability (%TEM: 1.19), and inter‐unit reliability (bias: 0.18) in determining distance covered than the GPS technology (bias: 0.69–6.05%; %TEM: 1.47; bias: 0.25) overall. Also, UWB showed better results (bias: 0.09; ICC: 0.979; bias: 0.01) for mean velocity measurement than GPS (bias: 0.18; ICC: 0.951; bias: 0.03).