bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE COS-HALOS SURVEY: ORIGINS OF THE HIGHLY IONIZED CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM OF STAR-FORMING GALAXIES
Authors: Werk Jessica K. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Cantalupo Sebastiano , Fox Andrew J. , Oppenheimer Benjamin , Tumlinson Jason , Tripp Todd M. , Lehner Nicolas , McQuinn Matthew 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The total contribution of diffuse halo gas to the galaxy baryon budget strongly depends on its dominant ionization state. In this paper, we address the physical conditions in the highly ionized circumgalactic medium (CGM) traced by

absorption lines observed in COS-Halos spectra. We analyze the observed ionic column densities, absorption-line widths and relative velocities, along with the ratios of

/

for 39 fitted Voigt profile components of O vi. We compare these quantities with the predictions given by a wide range of ionization models. Photoionization models that include only extragalactic UV background radiation are ruled out; conservatively, the upper limits to

/

and measurements of

imply unphysically large path lengths ≳100 kpc. Furthermore, very broad

absorption (b > 40 km s−1) is a defining characteristic of the CGM of star-forming L* galaxies. We highlight two possible origins for the bulk of the observed

: (1) highly structured gas clouds photoionized primarily by local high-energy sources or (2) gas radiatively cooling on large scales behind a supersonic wind. Approximately 20% of circumgalactic O vi does not align with any low-ionization state gas within ±50 km s−1 and is found only in halos with

< 1012

. We suggest that this type of unmatched O vi absorption traces the hot corona itself at a characteristic temperature of

K. We discuss the implications of these very distinct physical origins for the dynamical state, gas cooling rates, and total baryonic content of L* gaseous halos.
INDICATION OF THE BLACK HOLE POWERED JET IN M87 BY VSOP OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Asada Keiichi , Nakamura Masanori , Pu Hung-Yi 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
In order to study the collimation and acceleration mechanism of relativistic jets, the jet streamline of M87 at milliarcsecond scale is extensively investigated with images from VSOP observations at 1.6 and 5 GHz. Thanks to the higher angular resolution of VSOP, especially in the direction transverse to the jet, we resolved the jet streamline into three ridgelines at the scale of milli arcseconds. While the properties of the outer two ridgelines are in good agreement with those measured in previous observations and can be expressed by one power-law line with a power law index of 1.7, an inner ridgeline is clearly observed for the first time. We compared the measured size with the outermost streamline expected by Blandford & Znajek's parabolic solutions, which are anchored at the event horizon, with different black hole spin parameters. We revealed that the observed inner ridgeline is narrower than the prediction, suggesting the origin of the inner ridgeline to be part of a spine originating from the spinning black hole. The inner ridgeline becomes very dim at large distances from the central engine at 5 GHz. We considered two possible cases for this; Doppler beaming and/or radiative cooling. Either case seems to be reasonable for its explanation, and future multi-frequency observations will discriminate those two possibilities.
THE DETECTION OF DIFFUSE EXTENDED STRUCTURE IN 3C 273: IMPLICATIONS FOR JET POWER
Authors: Punsly Brian , Kharb Preeti 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We present deep Very Large Array imaging of 3C 273 in order to determine the diffuse, large scale radio structure of this famous radio-loud quasar. Diffuse extended structure (radio lobes) is detected for the first time in these observations as a consequence of high dynamic range in the 327.5 and 1365 MHz images. This emission is used to estimate a time averaged jet power, 7.2 × 1043 erg s−1 <

< 3.7 × 1044 erg s−1. Brightness temperature arguments indicate consistent values of the time variability Doppler factor and the compactness Doppler factor for the inner jet, δ ≳ 10. Thus, the large apparent broadband bolometric luminosity of the jet, ∼3 × 1046 erg s−1, corresponds to a modest intrinsic luminosity ≳1042 erg s−1, or ∼1% of

. In summary, we find that 3C 273 is actually a “typical” radio-loud quasar contrary to suggestions in the literature. The modest

is near the peak of the luminosity distribution for radio-loud quasars and it is consistent with the current rate of dissipation emitted from millimeter wavelengths to gamma rays. The extreme core-jet morphology is an illusion from a near pole-on line of sight to a highly relativistic jet that produces a Doppler enhanced glow that previously swamped the lobe emission. 3C 273 apparently has the intrinsic kpc scale morphology of a classical double radio source, but it is distorted by an extreme Doppler aberration.
ULTRAVIOLET HALOS AROUND SPIRAL GALAXIES. I. MORPHOLOGY
Authors: Hodges-Kluck Edmund , Cafmeyer Julian , Bregman Joel N. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We examine ultraviolet halos around a sample of highly inclined galaxies within 25 Mpc to measure their morphology and luminosity. Despite contamination from galactic light scattered into the wings of the point-spread function, we find that ultraviolet (UV) halos occur around each galaxy in our sample. Around most galaxies the halos form a thick, diffuse disk-like structure, but starburst galaxies with galactic superwinds have qualitatively different halos that are more extensive and have filamentary structure. The spatial coincidence of the UV halos above star-forming regions, the lack of consistent association with outflows or extraplanar ionized gas, and the strong correlation between the halo and galaxy UV luminosity suggest that the UV light is an extragalactic reflection nebula. UV halos may thus represent 106–107
M
⊙ of dust within 2–10 kpc of the disk, whose properties may change with height in starburst galaxies.
THE ROLE OF STAR FORMATION AND AGN IN DUST HEATING OF Z = 0.3–2.8 Galaxies. II. INFORMING IR AGN FRACTION ESTIMATES THROUGH SIMULATIONS
Authors: Roebuck Eric , Sajina Anna , Hayward Christopher C. , Pope Alexandra , Kirkpatrick Allison , Hernquist Lars , Yan Lin 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
A key question in extragalactic studies is the determination of the relative roles of stars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in powering dusty galaxies at z ∼ 1–3 where the bulk of star formation and AGN activity took place. In Paper I, we present a sample of 336 24 μm selected (Ultra)Luminous Infrared Galaxies, (U)LIRGs, at

–2.8, where we focus on determining the AGN contribution to the IR luminosity. Here, we use hydrodynamic simulations with dust radiative transfer of isolated and merging galaxies to investigate how well the simulations reproduce our empirical IR AGN fraction estimates and determine how IR AGN fractions relate to the UV-mm AGN fraction. We find that: (1) IR AGN fraction estimates based on simulations are in qualitative agreement with the empirical values when host reprocessing of the AGN light is considered; (2) for star-forming galaxy (SFG)–AGN composites our empirical methods may be underestimating the role of AGN, as our simulations imply

AGN fractions,

higher than previous estimates; (3) 6% of our empirically classified SFGs have AGN fractions ≳50%. While this is a small percentage of SFGs, if confirmed it would imply that the true number density of AGNs may be underestimated; (4) this comparison depends on the adopted AGN template—those that neglect the contribution of warm dust lower the empirical fractions by up to two times; and (5) the IR AGN fraction is only a good proxy for the intrinsic UV-mm AGN fraction when the extinction is high (

or up to and including coalescence in a merger).
ASSOCIATION OF 3He-RICH SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLES WITH LARGE-SCALE CORONAL WAVES
Authors: Bučík Radoslav , Innes Davina E. , Mason Glenn M. , Wiedenbeck Mark E. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Small, 3He-rich solar energetic particle (SEP) events have been commonly associated with extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) jets and narrow coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that are believed to be the signatures of magnetic reconnection, involving field lines open to interplanetary space. The elemental and isotopic fractionation in these events are thought to be caused by processes confined to the flare sites. In this study, we identify 32 3He-rich SEP events observed by the Advanced Composition Explorer, near the Earth, during the solar minimum period 2007–2010, and we examine their solar sources with the high resolution Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) EUV images. Leading the Earth, STEREO-A has provided, for the first time, a direct view on 3He-rich flares, which are generally located on the Sun’s western hemisphere. Surprisingly, we find that about half of the 3He-rich SEP events in this survey are associated with large-scale EUV coronal waves. An examination of the wave front propagation, the source-flare distribution, and the coronal magnetic field connections suggests that the EUV waves may affect the injection of 3He-rich SEPs into interplanetary space.
SUPERNOVAE POWERED BY MAGNETARS THAT TRANSFORM INTO BLACK HOLES
Authors: Moriya Takashi J. , Metzger Brian D. , Blinnikov Sergei I. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Rapidly rotating, strongly magnetized neutron stars (NSs; magnetars) can release their enormous rotational energy via magnetic spin-down, providing a power source for bright transients such as superluminous supernovae (SNe). On the other hand, particularly massive (so-called supramassive) NSs require a minimum rotation rate to support their mass against gravitational collapse, below which the NS collapses to a black hole (BH). We model the light curves (LCs) of SNe powered with magnetars that transform into BHs. Although the peak luminosities can reach high values in the range of superluminous SNe, their post maximum LCs can decline very rapidly because of the sudden loss of the central energy input. Early BH transformation also enhances the shock breakout signal from the magnetar-driven bubble relative to the main SN peak. Our synthetic LCs of SNe powered by magnetars transforming to BHs are consistent with those of some rapidly evolving bright transients recently reported by Arcavi et al.
CORONAL DYNAMIC ACTIVITIES IN THE DECLINING PHASE OF A SOLAR CYCLE
Authors: Jang Minhwan , Woods T. N. , Hong Sunhak , Choe G. S. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
It has been known that some solar activity indicators show a double-peak feature in their evolution through a solar cycle, which is not conspicuous in sunspot number. In this Letter, we investigate the high solar dynamic activity in the declining phase of the sunspot cycle by examining the evolution of polar and low-latitude coronal hole (CH) areas, splitting and merging events of CHs, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) detected by SOHO/LASCO C3 in solar cycle 23. Although the total CH area is at its maximum near the sunspot minimum, in which polar CHs prevail, it shows a comparable second maximum in the declining phase of the cycle, in which low-latitude CHs are dominant. The events of CH splitting or merging, which are attributed to surface motions of magnetic fluxes, are also mostly populated in the declining phase of the cycle. The far-reaching C3 CMEs are also overpopulated in the declining phase of the cycle. From these results we suggest that solar dynamic activities due to the horizontal surface motions of magnetic fluxes extend far in the declining phase of the sunspot cycle.
AN ACTIVE, ASYNCHRONOUS COMPANION TO A REDBACK MILLISECOND PULSAR
Authors: Staden André D. van , Antoniadis John 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
PSR J1723−2837 is a “redback” millisecond pulsar (MSP) with a low-mass companion in a 14.8 hr orbit. The system’s properties closely resemble those of “transitional” MSPs that alternate between spin-down and accretion-powered states. In this Letter, we report on long-term photometry of the 15.5 mag companion to the pulsar. We use our data to illustrate that the star experiences sporadic activity, which we attribute to starspots. We also find that the companion is not tidally locked and infer

for the ratio between the rotational and orbital periods. Finally, we place constraints on various parameters, including the irradiation efficiency and pulsar mass. We discuss similarities with other redback MSPs and conclude that starspots may provide the most likely explanation for the often seen irregular and asymmetric optical light curves.
À propos de L’individu ingouvernable
Authors: Gori Roland , Tapia Claude 
Published: December 2016

De cet entretien-débat à propos du dernier ouvrage de Roland Gori, ressort principalement la dénonciation vigoureuse par celui-ci des excès du néo-libéralisme lequel contiendrait en germes des dérives néo-fascistes de nature à corrompre le système et les valeurs démocratiques. Cette dénonciation s’accompagne d’une mise en cause de la sur-modernité, terreau, selon lui, favorable à l’exacerbation de l’individualisme et du narcissisme chez une fraction importante des membres de notre société ; celle-ci affectée par le technicisme ambiant et les pressions à l’uniformité, signes annonciateurs d’une évolution vers une organisation totalitaire, susceptible de dégénérer en « désert politique ». Un certain consensus s’est établi au cours du débat sur l’idée d’un primat de l’éthique et de l’humain et sur la préservation et même la stimulation des forces de résistance aussi bien aux conditionnements émanant de l’univers techno-libéral qu’aux menaces des fascismes meurtriers et des réseaux d’information interconnectés déshumanisants. S’il fallait relever un décalage entre les points de vue exprimés, celui-ci ne concernerait que l’évaluation de la nocivité de certains aspects de la sur-modernité et l’étendue des domaines culturels ou sociaux affectés par un ultralibéralisme incontrôlé. Émerge, enfin, de l’entretien une égale conviction concernant la pérennité de la fonction émancipatrice et humanisante de la psychanalyse.
Le psychanalyste et le fracas terroriste
Authors: Kac Ohana Nicole 
Published: December 2016

Dans le contexte terroriste actuel, cette réflexion porte sur nos possibilités de fonctionnement en tant que psychanalystes, en particulier sur notre écoute, nécessairement modifiée, transformée voire « transformationnelle ». Les identifications à l’agresseur, notamment les théories du complot, montrent l’attraction voire l’incorporation de leur omnipotence. L’intrication, parfois le télescopage du trauma collectif avec l’histoire personnelle des patients est discutée.
Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: 8 years’ experience from a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Danthala Madhav , Gundeti Sadashivudu , Maddali Laxmi Srinivas , Pillai Ashok , Puligundla Krishna Chaitanya , Adusumilli Raja Praveen 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction: The Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) is the most common cytogenetic abnormality associated with adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) occurring in 20% to 40% of patients. It is also detected in 2% to 5% of children with ALL. Historically, patients with Ph-positive ALL carried a dismal prognosis, with poor response to most chemotherapy combinations, short remission durations, and long-term disease-free survival rates of 10% to 20%. The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has revolutionized therapy of Ph-positive ALL. Materials and Methods: This retrospective and descriptive single center study was carried out based on data retrieved of 508 patients treated for ALL from 2007 to 2014. Of these thirty patients were Ph-positive ALL and were available for analysis, and these patients were included in the study. Ph-positive ALL was defined as ALL carrying the t(9;22) translocation on standard karyotype and/or fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis and/or positivity for BCR-ABL fusion transcript detection by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) analysis. Patients were treated with combination chemotherapy and oral TKIs and responses were classified as either CR defined by the absence of circulating blasts and <5% marrow blasts on a bone marrow examination done at the end of induction chemotherapy or failure, including persistent disease and early death. Results: There were 30 (5.9%) cases of Ph-positive ALL out of a total of 508 cases of ALL with a median age of 27.5 years (range: 7-55). The choice of first line TKI was Imatinib in 25 (83.3 %) patients and Dasatinib in 1 (3.3 %) patient. Fourteen patients (46.6 %) had a CR, 3 (10 %) had a partial response (PR), 8 (26.6 %) had persistence of disease at the end of induction chemotherapy. The overall survival in those who received sequential chemotherapy followed by TKI (n = 4) was 28.5 months (95% CI 10.78 to 46.21 months) compared with 13.98 months (95% CI 6.04 to 21.97 months) for patients who received concurrent chemotherapy and TKI (n = 20); log rank (Mantel Cox) X 2 = 8.33, P = 0.040), however limited sample precluded meaningful subgroup analysis. Conclusion: The results of our study showed that we still have a long way to go to match outcomes of western published series, even when the same treatment protocol is used, probably due to the underutilization of Allogeneic SCT as an option in first CR.
Evaluation of delays in diagnosis and treatment of childhood malignancies in Bangladesh
Authors: Begum Mamtaz , Islam Md. Johirul , Akhtar Md. Waheed , Karim Sabina 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Malignancy is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to GLOBOCAN 2012, an estimated 14.1 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million cancer-related deaths occurred in 2012. It is estimated that childhood malignancies are 0.5-4.6% of total malignancies. However, from the point of view of potential year lost due to childhood malignancies, it is more important than adult. Materials and Methods: To find out the probable components for the delay in diagnosis and treatment of childhood malignancies in Bangladesh, cross-sectional observational study was done at the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2014 to June 2014. Results: A total of 171 patients were included in the study. They were divided into four age groups. The mean age was 8.422 years with standard deviation ± 5.381 years and their age ranged from 2 months to 18 years. In aggregate, about 70% of the cases had to wait for more than 90 days for the treatment. About 15% had to wait for 31-60 days. Negligible percentage of patients got treatment before 30 days. Among the three components of delay, patients delay was influenced by age of the child, economic status of the family, parental education, and awareness of the parents about malignancy. Conclusion: More than one-third of the pediatric patients had to wait three months or more for treatment to start for various reasons. By raising awareness among the stake holders this problem can be minimized. Further studies are recommended to explore the other factors which might cause delayed referral.
Smartphones, Nude Snaps, and Legal Loopholes: Why Pennsylvania Needs to Amend its Revenge Porn Statute
Authors: Griffith Vanessa Nicholle 
Published: December 2016

UGotPosted.com, SnapSext.com, SnapGFs.com, snapchatleaked.com, Huntermoore.tv, etc., are websites where you do not want to find your picture. These websites are nonconsensual pornography websites. If you do unexpectedly find an intimate image of yourself on one of these websites—or any other porn website for that matter— your best legal recourse is through your state’s revenge porn law. However, if your state has yet to enact one, you might have to fight a legal battle in a notoriously grey area of the law. Pennsylvania recently enacted a revenge porn statute in 2014. But, prior to the adoption of 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 3131, entitled “Unlawful Dissemination of Intimate Image,” Pennsylvania residents had to navigate through the grey area of legal recourse, such as arguing one’s case under Pennsylvania’s Invasion of Privacy statute. This new area of sexual harassment through high-tech means proved to be growing and could no longer be ignored by state legislatures.
Trends and Calendar effects in Malaysia’s Stock Market
Authors: Ahmad Al-smadi Ayman Abdalmajeed , Almsafir Mahmoud Khalid , Binti Husni Nur Hanis Hazwani 
Published: December 2016

Investing can help a person's wealth to generate more, and investing in stock is proven as one of the most profitable forms of available investment. The benefits gained in stock broking are immediate Buy/Sell which investor can sell part of their investment any time and at low transaction cost. However, investing in stock will require investor to observe the market, as market can be a volatile place and investor need to acquire knowledge of what they actually are doing. This study will discuss the price trends over the year, and how it will get affected by the seasonality in Malaysia, which also known as the calendar effects. The factor to be investigated in this study is the price on holiday’s season, the January effect or any other monthly seasonality. The daily price of KPJ Healthcare Berhad for the year 2011 is the sample was chosen in this study. Further this study, data used is derived from the weak-form efficient markets hypothesis, which is the price history and case study. Regression method is used in this study in order to help achieving the findings. This should be a continuous study, and adding on more other factors, such as wars and economic crises, and traders, investors and other speculators. This paper has proved the existence of calendar anomalies in KPJ's stock price for Chinese New Effect, Aidilfitri Effect and Christmas Effect. However, the price changes are believed more likely due to the investors tormenting about central banks raising interest rates to restrain rising inflation. Other than that, for Aidilfitri Effect and Christmas Effect, further study should be perform since the raise of the stock market, may be due to the world’s stock market begin to be stronger after the European sovereign debt crisis to Spain and Italy in August. Conversely, there are positive returns for January. However, the findings are non-related to the January effect. This is because January effect arises due to tax-loss selling, which Malaysia has a different tax system compared to other countries. Shareholders in Malaysia are not necessary to pay any taxes on the return they gained from share trading.
Anseios de progresso: as decisões da câmara municipal de Alfenas-MG para transformar a paisagem urbana e os costumes locais durante a Primeira República
Authors: Eugênio Alisson 
Published: December 2016

<p>Ao longo deste artigo serão analisadas as decisões da Câmara Municipal de Alfenas (por meio de leis aprovadas pelos seus membros) para transformar a paisagem e os costumes locais durante a Primeira República, com o objetivo de mostrar que as elites políticas hegemônicas do município procuraram intervir na cidade e em determinadas práticas de seus habitantes, a fim de adequá-las ao ideal de progresso em voga no Ocidente desde o Iluminismo. Assim, será mostrado que no interior do país, e mesmo em municípios sustentados na economia agropastoril, determinadas iniciativas consideradas modernas foram colocadas em práticas, revelando que suas elites, ou parte delas, estavam sintonizadas com os ideais de modernidade.</p><p> </p>