bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Score to Predict Mortality in Children Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Respiratory Failure: Pediatric Pulmonary Rescue With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Prediction Score*
Authors: Bailly David K. , Reeder Ron W. , Zabrocki Luke A. , Hubbard Anna M. , Wilkes Jacob , Bratton Susan L. , Thiagarajan Ravi R. 
Published: August 2016

Objective:
Our objective was to develop and validate a prognostic score for predicting mortality at the time of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation initiation for children with respiratory failure. Preextracorporeal membrane oxygenation mortality prediction is important for determining center-specific risk-adjusted outcomes and counseling families.

Design:
Multivariable logistic regression of a large international cohort of pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients.

Setting:
Multi-institutional data.

Patients:
Prognostic score development: A total of 4,352 children more than 7 days to less than 18 years old, with an initial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run for respiratory failure reported to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization’s data registry during 2001–2013 were used for derivation (70%) and validation (30%). Bidirectional stepwise logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mortality. Retained variables were assigned a score based on the odds of mortality with higher scores indicating greater mortality. External validation was accomplished using 2,007 patients from the Pediatric Health Information System dataset.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
The Pediatric Pulmonary Rescue with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Prediction score included mode of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; preextracorporeal membrane oxygenation mechanical ventilation more than 14 days; preextracorporeal membrane oxygenation severity of hypoxia; primary pulmonary diagnostic categories including, asthma, aspiration, respiratory syncytial virus, sepsis-induced respiratory failure, pertussis, and “other”; and preextracorporeal membrane oxygenation comorbid conditions of cardiac arrest, cancer, renal and liver dysfunction. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for internal and external validation datasets were 0.69 (95% CI, 0.67–0.71) and 0.66 (95% CI, 0.63–0.69).

Conclusions:
Pediatric Pulmonary Rescue with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Prediction is a validated tool for predicting in-hospital mortality among children with respiratory failure receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support.
Use of Sleep Evaluations and Treatments in Children with Down Syndrome
Authors: Esbensen Anna J. , Beebe Dean W. , Byars Kelly C. , Hoffman Emily K. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
To characterize practice patterns regarding sleep evaluation and intervention among children with Down syndrome (DS).

Method:
Data were obtained from electronic health records from 2009 to 2013 for a retrospective cohort of 954 children with DS, aged 5 to 21 years during the time sampled. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, diagnoses were used to identify children with obstructive sleep apnea and/or behavioral sleep disturbances. Primary outcomes were confirmed by participation in an overnight diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) and/or documented provision of specified sleep interventions including positive airway pressure, otolaryngology (ENT) surgery, sleep medication, and behavioral sleep therapy.

Results:
Overall, 47.7% of children with DS had undergone PSG, 39.1% had diagnosed sleep problems, and of those diagnosed with sleep problems, 81.2% had received sleep intervention. Consistent with best practice clinical care, sleep treatments matched the diagnosed sleep problems. Age, gender, and race, but not body mass index (BMI), were associated with PSG completion rate and occurrence rates for ENT surgery and sleep medication usage. BMI was associated with obstructive sleep apnea.

Conclusion:
Despite high rates of reported sleep problems in children with DS, less than half underwent PSG. Children diagnosed with sleep problems received treatment consistent with their sleep diagnosis. However, age and gender were associated with differential rates of treatment delivery that was incongruous with prevalence rates for diagnosed sleep problems. These findings underscore the importance of screening for sleep problems in children with DS, and referring for and providing appropriate targeted sleep interventions.
CLINICALLY INVISIBLE RETINAL HEMANGIOBLASTOMAS DETECTED BY SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY IN TWINS
Authors: Schoen Marisa A. , Shields Carol L. , Say Emil Anthony T. , Douglass Alexzandra M. , Shields Jerry A. , Jampol Lee M. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:
To report subclinical retinal hemangioblastoma detected by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography in at-risk twins.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A set of twins, age 7 years, (Twin A and Twin B) with known family history of von Hippel–Lindau disease (gene test positive) and no systemic manifestations were evaluated. Visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes of both twins. Anterior segment examination and intraocular pressures were unremarkable in both eyes. Twin A showed no clinically visible tumor in the right eye, and a clinically evident 4-mm hemangioblastoma in the superior retina of the left eye. The enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography demonstrated normal fovea in both eyes. However, imaging at the inferonasal juxtapapillary region in the right eye documented an intraretinal mass from nerve fiber layer to outer plexiform layer on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography and with hyperfluorescence on fluorescein angiography, consistent with retinal hemangioblastoma. Twin B demonstrated no clinically visible tumors in both eyes, but the left eye showed a small hyperreflective lesion in the parafoveal region on spectral domain optical coherence tomography from inner to outer nuclear layers, with no cystoid changes or subretinal fluid. The lesion was slightly hyperfluorescent on fluorescein angiography, consistent with hemangioblastoma. The optical coherence tomography angiography showed no vascularity within the lesion. Twin A was treated with laser photocoagulation to the larger hemangioblastoma in the left eye, and the asymptomatic juxtapapillary tumor was observed. Twin B was managed with cautious observation as treatment to the left eye could lead to vision loss.

Conclusion:
Patients at risk for retinal hemangioblastoma should have routine imaging with fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography for subclinical detection of asymptomatic tumors.
International Expert Consensus on Sutureless and Rapid Deployment Valves in Aortic Valve Replacement Using Minimally Invasive Approaches
Authors: Glauber Mattia , Moten Simon C. , Quaini Eugenio , Solinas Marco , Folliguet Thierry A. , Meuris Bart , Miceli Antonio , Oberwalder Peter J. , Rambaldini Manfredo , Teoh Kevin H. T. , Bhatnagar Gopal , Borger Michael A. , Bouchard Denis , Bouchot Olivier , Clark Stephen C. , Dapunt Otto E. , Ferrarini Matteo , Fischlein Theodor J. M. , Laufer Guenther , Mignosa Carmelo , Millner Russell , Noirhomme Philippe , Pfeiffer Steffen , Ruyra-Baliarda Xavier , Shrestha Malakh Lal , Suri Rakesh M. , Troise Giovanni , Gersak Borut 
Published: August 2016

Objective To define the benefit of sutureless and rapid deployment valves in current minimally invasive approaches in isolated aortic valve replacement. Methods A panel of 28 international experts with expertise in both minimally invasive aortic valve replacement and rapid deployment valves was constituted. After thorough literature review, the experts rated evidence-based recommendations in a modified Delphi approach. Results No guideline could be retrieved. Thirty-three clinical trials and 9 systematic reviews could be identified for detailed text analysis to obtain a total of 24 recommendations. After rating by the experts 12, final recommendations were identified: preoperative computed to-mographic scan as well as intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography are highly recommended. Suitable annular sizes are 19 to 27 mm. There is a contraindication for bicuspid valves only for type 0 and for annular abscess or destruction due to infective endocarditis. The use of sutureless and rapid deployment valves reduces extracorporeal circulation and aortic cross-clamp time and leads to less early complications as prolonged ventilation, blood transfusion, atrial fibrillation, pleural effusions, paravalvular leakages and aortic regurgitation, and renal replacement therapy, respectively. These clinical outcomes result in reduced intensive care unit and hospital stay and reduced costs. The use of sutureless and rapid deployment valves will lead to a higher adoption rate of minimally invasive approaches in aortic valve replacement. Respect should be taken to a necessary short learning curve for both sutureless and minimally invasive programs. Conclusions Sutureless and rapid deployment aortic valve replacement together with minimally invasive approaches offers an attractive option in aortic valve placement for patients requiring biological valve replacement.
Assessment of Drug-Associated Extrapyramidal Symptoms in People With Intellectual Disability
Authors: de Kuijper Gerda M. , Hoekstra Pieter J. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Drug-associated extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in people with intellectual disability (ID) may be difficult to recognize, and clinicians' assessments may be hampered by lack of patients' capacities to adequately cooperate and by lack of reliable instruments to measure EPS in this population. Therefore, we compared assessments based on professional caregivers' observations with the informant-based validated Matson Evaluation of Drug Side Effects (MEDS) scale with assessments by clinicians using a set of clinical rating scales, most of which have not been validated for use in this population. We also compared 2 dyskinesia scales by replacing the widely used but not validated Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale with the validated Dyskinesia Identification System Condensed User Scale (DISCUS) in half of the set of scales. We used linear regression to analyze associations between EPS as measured with MEDS and EPS as measured with the sets of scales at item and at scale level.
Of the 30 MEDS items, 6 were associated with items of the other scales. At scale level, we found no significant associations. Comparison of the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale with the DISCUS indicated that the DISCUS may be preferable for use in people with ID.
Results may be explained by shortcomings in education and training of caregivers and by lack of reliable assessments and rating scales for EPS in people with ID.
We conclude that there is an urgent need for education and training of care professionals and clinicians in this area and for studies investigating the psychometric properties of rating scales.
Stakeholders’ Perspectives on Stakeholder-engaged Research (SER)
Authors: Mackie Thomas I. , Sheldrick Radley C. , de Ferranti Sarah D. , Saunders Tully , Rojas Erick G. , Leslie Laurel K. 
Published: August 2016

Background:
US federal funding agencies increasingly incentivize stakeholder-engaged research which represents a paradigm shift toward incorporating a range of stakeholders in research design, conduct, and dissemination.

Objectives:
We use qualitative methods to capture experience-based recommendations on how to operationalize 4 Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (PCOR) principles in stakeholder-engaged research, specifically: (1) reciprocal relationships; (2) colearning; (3) partnership; and (4) trust, transparency, and honesty.

Research Design:
We conducted semistructured interviews with members of a stakeholder panel who participated in a 2-year comparative effectiveness study of cholesterol screening and treatment among young adults.

Sample:
Participants included 8 young adults and parent panelists and 11 professional panelists (clinicians, researchers, policy developers, and disseminators).

Measures:
The interview guide included questions about the 4 PCOR principles and queried preferred strategies to attain them. Interview transcripts were analyzed using an a priori and emergent coding structure.

Results:
Participants provided strategies to promote the 4 PCOR principles. Although some stakeholder-identified strategies were complementary, others conflicted due to (1) competing ideologies identified among the principles, and (2) distinct stakeholder preferences. Illustrative of competing ideologies, participants simultaneously preferred receiving relevant articles before calls (to facilitate colearning) but also minimal outside reading (to achieve partnership). Illustrative of distinct stakeholder preferences, young adult and parent panelists generally preferred calls to occur on weekends/evenings, whereas professional panelists preferred mid-week work hours.

Conclusions:
Our exploratory study provides stakeholder-identified strategies to achieve the 4 PCOR principles, and demonstrates the need to identify, acknowledge, and address potentially conflicting strategies due to the potential for competing ideologies or variation in stakeholder preferences.
Hospital Variation and Patient Characteristics Associated With Vena Cava Filter Utilization
Authors: Brown Joshua D. , Talbert Jeffery C. 
Published: August 2016

Introduction:
There is a wide variation in the use of vena cava filter (VCF).

Objective:
This study assessed the hospital and patient characteristics associated with VCF use in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods:
Inpatient discharge data from all acute care hospitals with DVT/PE during 2008–2014 in Kentucky were used. Hierarchical logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationships of study variables with VCF use.

Results:
During the study period, 81,922 discharges for DVT/PE were observed and 10.5% of these received a VCF. This included 12,083 cases of PE+DVT, 18,571 cases of PE only, and 51,268 cases of DVT only. VCF use among these groups was 22.7%, 6.0%, and 7.8%, respectively. In adjusted analyses, VCF use was associated with increasing age, indicating that those over age 65 were twice as likely to receive a filter compared with the reference (21–25 y old) group. Significant comorbidities associated with VCF use included cancer, liver disease, cerebrovascular disease, atrial fibrillation, anemia, and concurrent bleeding. Lower extremity, proximal DVTs, and patients receiving thrombolytic therapy or embolectomy, those having surgery, and those who were unstable or had trauma, were also more likely to receive a filter. Among cancer types, brain and metastatic tumors were significantly associated with VCF use. Between-hospital variation after controlling for all covariates was 7.1%.

Conclusions:
There was high variation in the use of VCFs. Several high-risk subgroups were more likely to use VCFs including older adults and those with cancer and concurrent bleeding.
The Effects of Medicaid Home and Community-based Services Waivers on Unmet Needs Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Leslie Douglas L. , Iskandarani Khaled , Dick Andrew W. , Mandell David S. , Yu Hao , Velott Diana , Agbese Edeanya , Stein Bradley D. 
Published: August 2016

Background:
Several states have passed Medicaid Home and Community-based Services (HCBS) waivers that expand eligibility criteria and available services for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous research has shown considerable variation in these waivers, but little is known about the extent to which they address the health care needs of children with ASD.

Objective:
To determine the effects of Medicaid HCBS waivers, and their characteristics, on unmet health care needs among children with ASD.

Methods:
We used data from the 2003, 2007, and 2011 waves of the National Survey of Children’s Health with detailed information on the Medicaid HCBS waiver programs of 35 states. Quasi-difference-in-difference-in-differences models were used to determine the effects of waivers and their characteristics on parent report of unmet health care needs of children with ASD compared with children without ASD.

Results:
Greater waiver cost limits per child, estimated costs of services, and enrollment limits were associated with significant decreases in the adjusted rate of unmet health care needs, with considerable variation by household income level.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that Medicaid HCBS waivers significantly decrease the unmet need for health care among children with ASD, most substantially among those who would not otherwise qualify for Medicaid. The findings regarding the effects of specific aspects of these waivers can inform the development of insurance policies in other states to address the needs of children with ASD.
Evaluation of Proteinuria in β-Thalassemia Major Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Taking Deferasirox
Authors: Karimi Mehran , Avazpour Abbas , Haghpanah Sezaneh , Toosi Foroogh , Badie Arash 
Published: August 2016

Background:
β-thalassemia is the most common heredity disease in Iran. Regular blood transfusion is critical to sustain life and normal growth. Deferasirox is an oral chelator. One of the side effects of the deferasirox is proteinuria.

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the safety of deferasirox on kidney function in diabetic and nondiabetic β-thalassemia major patients.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 34 diabetic and 36 nondiabetic patients who take deferasirox (Exjade) 20 to 40 mg/kg/d were studied. Exclusion criteria included patient with renal failure, proteinuria, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and the patients who refused to continue the study to the end. Subjects were divided into diabetic and nondiabetic groups. Spot urine protein/creatinine ratio, urinary analysis, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatinine, fasting blood sugar, blood urea nitrogen, and serum ferritin were checked every 3 months. Patients were followed for a period of 1 year.

Results:
In the ninth month after therapy there was a significant relationship in mean change of spot urine protein/creatinine ratio between diabetic and nondiabetic (P=0.011). Spot urine protein/creatinine ratio in diabetic and nondiabetic group was 0.19±0.18 and 0.1±0.05, respectively, which showed no significant relationship between the 2 groups at the end of study (P=0.162).

Conclusion:
The results of our study showed that consumption of deferasirox is safe, as there was no significant relationship between spot urine protein/creatinine ratio in diabetic and nondiabetic group. Deferasirox consumption is not associated with increased proteinuria in diabetic patients compared with nondiabetic group having only a transient proteinuria.
Multitype Infections With Human Papillomavirus: Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection
Authors: Massad Leslie , Keller Marla , Xie Xianhong , Minkoff Howard , Palefsky Joel , D'Souza Gypsyamber , Colie Christine , Villacres Maria , Strickler Howard 
Published: August 2016

Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection predisposes women to genital coinfection with human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Concurrent infection with multiple HPV types has been documented, but its frequency, correlates, and impact on development of precancer are poorly defined in HIV-seropositive women.

Methods
Human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive women and -seronegative comparison women were enrolled in a cohort study and followed every 6 months from 1994 to 2006. Cervicovaginal lavage samples were tested for HPV types using polymerase chain reaction amplification with MY09/MY11 consensus primers followed by hybridization with consensus and HPV type-specific probes. Analyses were performed using generalized estimating equations.

Results
Multitype HPV infections were found in 594 (23%) of 2543 HIV-seropositive women and 49 (5%) of 895 HIV-seronegative women (P < 0.0001). Compared with HPV uninfected women, those with multiple concurrent HPV infections were more likely to be younger, nonwhite, and current smokers, with lower CD4 counts and HIV RNA levels. The average proportion of women with multitype HPV infections across visits was 21% in HIV-seropositive women and 3% in HIV-seronegative women (P <0.0001). Compared with infection with 1 oncogenic HPV type, multitype concurrent infection with at least 1 other HPV type at baseline did not measurably increase the risk of ever having cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3+ detected during follow-up (odds ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.32–2.03, P = 0.65).

Conclusions
Concurrent multitype HPV infection is common in HIV-seropositive women and frequency rises as CD4 count declines, but multitype infection does not increase precancer risk.
Gene mapping of nine agronomic traits and genome assembly by resequencing a foxtail millet RIL population
Authors: Ni Xuemei , Xia Qiuju , Zhang Houbao , Cheng Shu , Li Hui , Fan Guangyu , Guo Tao , Huang Ping , Xiang Haitao , Chen Qingchun , Li Ning , Zou Hongfeng , Cai Xuemei , Lei Xuejing , Wang Xiaoming , Zhou Chengshu , Zhao Zhihai , Zhang Gengyun , Quan Zhiwu 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTFoxtail millet (Setaria italica) provides food and fodder in semi-arid regions and infertile land. Resequencing of 184 foxtail millet recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was carried out to aid essential research on foxtail millet improvement. Bin map were constructed based on the RILs’ recombination data. By anchoring some unseated scaffolds and filling gaps, we update two original millet reference genomes Zhanggu and Yugu to produce second editions. Gene mapping of nine agronomic traits were done based on this RIL population. The genome resequencing and QTL mapping provided important tools for foxtail millet research and breeding. Resequencing of the RILs could also provide an effective way for high quantity genome assembly and gene identification.
One-cell Doubling Evaluation by Living Arrays of Yeast, ODELAY!
Authors: Herricks Thurston , Dilworth David J. , Mast Fred D. , Li Song , Smith Jennifer J. , Ratushny Alexander V. , Aitchison John D. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTCell growth is a complex phenotype widely used in systems biology to gauge the impact of genetic and environmental perturbations. Due to the magnitude of genome-wide studies, resolution is often sacrificed in favor of throughput, creating a demand for scalable, time-resolved, quantitative methods of growth assessment. We present ODELAY (One-cell Doubling Evaluation by Living Arrays of Yeast), an automated and scalable growth analysis platform. High measurement density and single cell resolution provide a powerful tool for large-scale multiparameter growth analysis based on the modeling of microcolony expansion on solid media. Pioneered in yeast but applicable to other colony forming organisms, ODELAY extracts the three key growth parameters (lag time, doubling time, and carrying capacity) that define microcolony expansion from single cells, simultaneously permitting the assessment of population heterogeneity. The utility of ODELAY is illustrated using yeast mutants, revealing a spectrum of phenotypes arising from single and combinatorial growth parameter perturbations.