bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional FDTD modeling of neurons to solve EEG and MEG forward problem
Authors: Hashemi Soheil , Abdolali Ali 
Published: November 2017

AbstractNeuronal activities including calcium sodium current, ligands current, and synaptic transmembrane current create electromagnetic fields. Here, an analytic method is suggested to obtain the electromagnetic fields and potential signals resulting from the function of nerve cells inside the brain. Modeling simulates the behavior of cells three‐dimensionally. The proposed method employs the electric scalar potential and magnetic vector potential to solve the time‐domain three‐dimensional equations using the partial differential method. All ion flows are considered as electrical current densities. In this method, the brain and desired cells are meshed to solve the problem using the numerical method. As an example, the electric fields, magnetic fields, and signals generated by cingulum nerve fibers are illustrated and compared in Cz, Fz, and T3 electrode positions. A direct analysis method based on the same mechanism and biophysics of the nervous system is proposed. Employing this direct method leads not only to a better understanding of neuronal activity but also to a more accurate vision regarding the accuracy/inaccuracy of experimental and inverse methods. The analysis of these data provides insights into the brain function processes.
Metabolic effects of p,p′‐DDE on Atlantic salmon hepatocytes
Authors: Olsvik Pål A. , Søfteland Liv 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDecades after being banned in many countries, DDT and its metabolites are still considered major environmental hazards. The p,p′‐DDE isomer, the DDT metabolite found in highest concentration in aquaculture feeds, is an endocrine disruptor with demonstrated ability to induce epigenetic effects. This study aimed at examining the impact of p,p′‐DDE on Atlantic salmon. Primary hepatocytes were exposed to four concentrations of p,p′‐DDE (0.1, 1, 10, 100 μm) for 48 hours, and endpoints included cytotoxicity, global DNA methylation, targeted transcription and metabolomics profiling (100 μm). p,p′‐DDE was moderately cytotoxic at 100 μm. No impact was seen on global DNA methylation. Vtg1 and esr1 transcription, markers of endocrine disruption, was most strongly induced at 10 μm p,p′‐DDE, while ar showed strongest response at 100 μm. Metabolomics profiling showed that p,p′‐DDE at 100 μm most strongly affected carbohydrate metabolism, primary bile acid metabolism, leucine, isoleucine and valine metabolism, diacylglycerol and sphingolipid metabolism. Observed changes in lipid levels suggest that p,p′‐DDE interferes with phospholipid membrane biosynthesis. Elevation of bile acid levels in p,p′‐DDE‐exposed hepatocytes indicates upregulation of synthesis of bile acids after cytochrome P450 activation. Pathway analysis showed that the superpathway of methionine degradation was the most significantly affected pathway by p,p′‐DDE exposure, while endocrine system disorder topped the diseases and disorder ranking. In conclusion, this work predicts an endocrine response to p,p′‐DDE exposure, and demonstrates how this legacy pesticide might interfere with mechanisms linked to DNA methylation in Atlantic salmon hepatocytes.
‘You opened my mind’: Latinx immigrant and receiving community interactional dynamics in the United States
Authors: Buckingham Sara L. , Emery Lindsay , Godsay Surbhi , Brodsky Anne E. , Scheibler Jill E. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCommunities are continually shaped by immigration. As immigrants join receiving community members as members of the same community, all must co‐navigate emergent and evolving relationships. These intergroup relations can range from quite positive, marked by mutual enrichment and engagement, to quite negative, marked by prejudice and discrimination. This study seeks to illuminate immigrant and receiving community member relations by exploring what factors play a role in each group's attitudes and actions toward, and experiences with, one another. Thirty first‐ and second‐generation immigrants from Latin America and 30 third‐generation or more U.S.‐born respondents participated in semistructured interviews, which were thematically analyzed. Results indicated that while both intergroup contact (Allport, 1954) and the formation of common in‐group identities (Gaertner, Dovidio, & Bachman, 1996) helped to create positive intergroup relations, numerous personal characteristics–including values and beliefs, visible features, and relative power–affected experiences and attitudes. Further, in the absence of knowledge based on direct contact, media played a strong role in shaping attitudes toward both groups of community members. These findings show how attitudes and actions of immigrants and receiving community members are each shaped by experiences, or lack thereof, between these groups. Moreover, this pathway is iterative and reciprocal. Therefore, efforts aimed at increasing and improving positive intergroup relations must consider the bidirectional iterative process and experiences of both groups.
Effects of influent loads on performance and microbial community dynamics of aerobic granular sludge treating piggery wastewater
Authors: Chen Guoke , Huang Jun , Tian Xueping , Chu Qian , Zhao Yonggui , Zhao Hai 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDUnderstanding how influent loads affect the microbial community may promote applications of aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Herein, performance and microbial community dynamics of the AGS were assessed with stepwise increasing influent loads.RESULTSAGS exhibited good structure stability and effective removal efficiency; when the influent load increased from 6.5 kg COD m‐3 d‐1 (0.255 NH4+‐N m‐3 d‐1) to 10.1 kg COD m‐3 d‐1 (0.455 kg NH4+‐N m‐3 d‐1). COD and NH4+‐N removal efficiencies reached 97.1–97.9% and 84.5–98%, respectively. As indicated from the PCR‐DGGE results, the microbial community and dominant species in the AGS also gradually evolved along with the increase of influent loads. A coincidence was observed, namely, three main distinct clusters of the phylogenetic tree appeared respectively in the three stages of influent loads. The microbial diversity attained a maximum in the medium loads stage. The identified bacteria mainly belonged to Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. The dominant species were responsible for the AGS stability and pollutant removal.CONCLUSIONVariation in the influent load strongly affected the microbial community dynamics, and hence the AGS performance. These results and understanding could lead to potential improvements in guiding AGS wastewater treatment. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Effective bioremediation of Cu(II) contaminated waters with immobilized sulfate‐reducing bacteria‐microalgae beads in a continuous treatment system and mechanism analysis
Authors: Li Yongchao , Yang Xiaoyan , Geng Bing , Liu Xue 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicroalgae which have greater biodegradable fractions than other organics were chosen as a carbon source for sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB). Immobilized SRB–microalgae beads were then prepared and used for bioremediation of synthetic copper mine wastewater.RESULTSHydrolysis fermentation of the microalgae was observed and it was noted that the microalgae were first degraded to volatile fatty acids by co‐existing fermentative bacteria; they then served as a carbon source for SRB. Freshly prepared immobilized SRB beads not only possessed high mechanical strength and mass transfer ability, but also showed better sulfate reduction than that of suspended SRB. Immobilized SRB‐Scenedesmus obliquus beads packed in the upflow bioreactor were suitable for the treatment of copper mine wastewater, as shown by the high removal efficiency of their sulfate (182.17 mg SO42‐ g‐1 microalgae day‐1) and copper ions (45.28 mg Cu2+ g‐1 microalgae day‐1), and low discharge of chemical oxygen demand. After the reaction, metal sulfides were not produced on the bead surfaces, but likely within them.CONCLUSIONSThe anaerobic bioreactor, filled with immobilized SRB‐Scenedesmus obliquus beads, demonstrated excellent removal efficiency and low discharge of chemical oxygen demand, which may provide a promising strategy for dealing with heavy metal pollution in water. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Increasing mass transfer of volatile organic compounds in air scrubbers: a fundamental study for different gas–liquid systems
Authors: Bruneel Joren , Walgraeve Christophe , Dumortier Stefanie , Stockman Jonas , Demeyer Peter , Van Langenhove Herman 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDAir scrubbers are commonly used as treatment techniques for industrial waste gases containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Mass transfer of hydrophobic compounds to liquid can be increased using water soluble additives in the scrubbing liquid or applying water‐miscible or immiscible solvents. The design of air scrubbers requires reliable partition data, which are limited in the literature. This manuscript provides partitioning data of new scrubber liquids and subsequent research will link the partitioning data with mass transfer characteristics in a pilot‐scale scrubber.RESULTSThe DynAb method was applied for the first time to a broad set of gas–liquid systems to study the partitioning behaviour of volatile organic sulphides and aldehydes. Cyclodextrins (CD) were chosen as water soluble additives. Silicone oil (SO) and isopropylmyristate (IPM) were used as water immiscible solvents, whereas dipropylene glycol methyl ether was applied as a water‐miscible solvent. The inclusion of VOCs into the CD structure is very compound specific. Binding constants were calculated to quantify the CD‐VOC affinity and the partitioning behaviour of the VOCs with oils and solvents was quantified. The air‐to‐water partition coefficient of hexanal could be reduced more than 50 times with a concentration of 72 g L‐1 α‐CD. IPM (100% v/v) could reduce the air‐to‐IPM partitioning coefficient by a factor of 120 for dimethyl disulphide.CONCLUSIONThe determined partition coefficients can be used for suitability evaluation for the design and modelling of air treatment systems. A broad range of evaluated gas–liquid systems provides quantitative knowledge about VOC behaviour. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Ultrasound‐guided reduction of an incarcerated obturator hernia in an elderly patient
Authors: de Kok Bente M. , Puylaert Julien B.C.M. , Zijta Frank. M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObturator hernia is a rare but clinically relevant cause of intestinal obstruction, usually found in elderly, thin, multiparous women. It is difficult to diagnose, leading to diagnostic delay with a high incidence of strangulation and a high mortality rate. Surgery is the only reported treatment. We report the case of an 86‐year‐old woman, in whom an early diagnosis of incarcerated obturator hernia was made with subsequent reduction by compression with an ultrasound transducer. When the risk of strangulation is presumed to be low, ultrasound‐guided reduction of an obturator hernia is achievable and worth considering.
Sounding‐derived parameters associated with tornadic storms in Catalonia
Authors: Rodríguez Oriol , Bech Joan 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTCatalonia, a southern Europe coastal region in the western Mediterranean basin, is regularly affected by severe local storms which every year produce an average of 5 tornadoes and 12 waterspouts, based on data recorded from 2000 to 2016. Despite these tornadoes mostly being weak – not exceeding EF1 on the enhanced Fujita (EF) damage intensity scale – they occasionally reach stronger intensities, posing an evident threat to population and socio‐economic activity, particularly in densely populated coastal conurbations such as Tarragona or Barcelona. This study provides analysis of upper air conditions that favour the formation of tornadic storms in the region, considering five different stations in Spain and France to build a database of 333 soundings which included 49 tornadic soundings, 104 waterspout soundings (WAT) as well as non‐tornadic thunderstorms and dry period soundings. For each one, 12 different parameters were calculated and analysed to test their potential capacity to discriminate non‐tornadic from tornadic environments and also to assess the feasibility of stratifying tornado intensity (EF0, and EF1 or stronger, on the EF scale). The results indicate that storm‐relative helicity for the layer 0–3 km, with a threshold value of 150 m2 s−2, wind shear for the same layer, with a threshold of 15 m s−1, and composite parameters such as the supercell composite parameter with a threshold of 1.2 and universal tornadic index with a threshold of 0.3 are all useful to distinguish between non‐tornadic thunderstorms and EF1 or stronger tornadic events. These results contribute to a better description of the climatology of upper air conditions that favour tornadic storms in the region and can also help operational weather forecasting and surveillance tasks, thus increasing situational awareness in severe convective weather events.
Individual Goal Orientations, Team Empowerment, and Employee Creative Performance: A Case of Cross‐level Interactions
Authors: Liu Yi , Wang Shuhong , Yao Xiang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntrigued by relationship between team motivational context and individual characteristics in the organizational reality, we developed and tested a cross‐level model to investigate the interactive effects of team empowerment and individual goal orientations on individual creative performance through the mediating mechanism of an individual's creative self‐efficacy. Using multi‐wave multi‐source data from 63 R&D teams in three IT companies, we found that (1) team empowerment, individual learning goal orientation, and individual performance orientation are all positively related to individual creative performance through mediation of creative self‐efficacy; (2) learning orientation and performance approach orientation could both supplement the effects of team empowerment on individual creative self‐efficacy. Our findings point to the importance of individual goal orientation in shaping the effects of team motivation climates and provide insights for both scholars and practitioners. The specific practical implications include but are not limited to (1) individuals with learning and performance approach orientations should be identified during hiring procedures given that they could still thrive in less empowered teams and maintain a relatively high level of creative self‐efficacy and creative outcomes; (2) managers should consider assigning employees who are more learning oriented to more empowering and open‐ended tasks in order to obtain better creative results.
Burden and bother
Authors: Sallis James A. , Wagner Tasma J. , May Frank W. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAs polypharmacy continues to be a key issue for pharmacy in the care of older people, understanding an older person‘s perceived bother from medication‐related side effects is important for informed clinical decision making. In a small study of hospitalised people over 65, perceived ‘bother’ from anticholinergic side‐effects did not appear to be correlated with differing degrees of exposure in the week prior to admission.
Raman spectroscopic measurements of ν1 band of hydrogen sulfide over a wide range of temperature and density in fused‐silica optical cells
Authors: Jiang Lei , Xin Yang , Chou I‐Ming , Chen Ying 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA method was developed to determine the fluid density of pure hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at a fixed temperature using Raman spectroscopic measurements. The positions of the H2S Raman ν1 band were measured at a wide range of temperatures (188.15 K ≤ T ≤ 633.15 K) and pressures (P ≤ 506 bar) using fused‐silica capillary capsules and high‐pressure optical cells. The relation among H2S density (ρ), H2S ν1 peak position, and T can be represented by ρ = 2447.680 + 0.127 × T − 1.876 × ν1 − 0.000001 × T2 − 0.000048 × T × ν1 + 0.00036 × ν12 (root‐mean‐square error = 0.0197 g/cm3 and correlation coefficient = 0.9963). This equation can be applied to calculate the density of the H2S fluid from the measured H2S ν1 peak position at a given temperature. Finally, the effects of temperature and H2S density on ν1 peak position were examined using isochoric and isothermal experiments.
Effects of tartary buckwheat polysaccharide combined with nisin edible coating on the storage quality of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets
Authors: Wang Fengping , Zhang Huijun , Jin Wengang , Li Lirong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo investigate the effect of tartary buckwheat polysaccharide (TBP) combined with nisin edible coatings on the preservation of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets, fillets were dip treated with different concentrations of TBP (5, 10 and 15 g kg–1) combined with nisin and stored at 4 °C for 12 days. The pH values, thiobarbituric acid contents, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB‐N) content, total viable count (TVC), surface colors, textures and sensory properties of the tilapia fillets at storage were all periodically investigated.RESULTSTBP combined with nisin‐treated groups significantly improved the bacteriological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics of the tilapia fillets to a greater extent compared to the control group and presented better quality preservation effects than nisin coating alone. Based on the limits of the TVB‐N, TVC and sensory scores, the shelf life of the control tilapia fillets was 4 days, whereas that for nisin with TBP‐coated fillets was 8–10 days.CONCLUSIONEdible coatings made from TBP combined with nisin are suitable for maintaining qualities and enhancing the shelf lives of tilapia fillets stored at 4 °C. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of high temperatures and drought during anthesis and grain filling period on wheat processing quality and underlying gluten structural changes
Authors: Mastilović Jasna , Živančev Dragan , Lončar Eva , Malbaša Radomir , Hristov Nikola , Kevrešan Žarko 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDClimate changes do not only affect wheat yield, but also its quality. Information on this topic gathered so far is somewhat contradictory and insufficient. Climate changes also affect wheat indirectly through their influence on the ecosystem, including insects and fungi that affect wheat technological quality. The aim of this study was to examine trends in structural and technological changes of wheat quality under conditions typical of climate changes. With this in mind, three groups of wheat varieties with the same Glu‐score were examined in three production years, characterized by different production conditions.RESULTSA production season characterized by climate change conditions results in lower activity of amylolytic enzymes. What is more, it results in lower content of gluten, higher gluten index value, its decrease after 1 h to 37 °C, lower number of free SH groups and higher content of free amino groups, which result in lower alveographW, lower farinograph WA and higher extensograph dough resistance.CONCLUSIONVariability in wheat quality produced under different climatic conditions is mainly influenced by the production conditions, including their influence on ecosystem factors. The influence of wheat cultivar genetic predisposition is much less expressed. This indicates that differences among cultivars with different Glu‐score might be diminished under the influence of altered production conditions, as a consequence of climate change. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Intrinsic Subtypes of Breast Cancers Initially Assessed as Probably Benign or of Low Suspicion on Ultrasonography Differ According to Tumor Size
Authors: Koh Jieun , Kim Min Jung , Moon Hee Jung , Yoon Jung Hyun , Park Vivian Youngjean , Kim Eun‐Kyung 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesTo investigate whether the intrinsic subtypes of breast cancers initially assessed as American College of Radiology Breast Imaging and Reporting System (BI‐RADS) category 3 or 4a differ according to tumor size.MethodsA total of 444 breast cancers in 439 patients initially assessed as BI‐RADS 3 or 4a through ultrasound‐guided core needle biopsy were included. Tumors were classified by the size criterion of 10 mm or smaller or larger than 10 mm and categorized as the luminal type (estrogen receptor [ER] positive and/or progesterone receptor [PR] positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] negative), HER2 type (HER2 positive regardless of ER or PR status), or triple‐negative type (ER negative, PR negative, and HER2 negative). The relationships between tumor size and breast cancer intrinsic subtypes were analyzed.ResultsA total of 247 (55.6%) cancers were 10 mm or smaller, and 197 (44.4%) were larger than 10 mm. The luminal type was more frequently present in tumors of 10 mm or smaller (185 of 247 [74.9%]) than those larger than 10 mm (112 of 197 [56.9%]; P < .001). No significant difference was noted in the frequency of the HER2 type in tumors of 10 and mm smaller and those larger than 10 mm (27 of 247 [10.9%] versus 36 of 197 [18.3%]; P = .084). The triple‐negative type was more frequently present in tumors larger than 10 mm than those of 10 mm or smaller (49 of /197 [24.9%] versus 35 of 247 [14.2%]; P = .012).ConclusionsBreast cancers assessed as BI‐RADS category 3 or 4a had differing intrinsic subtypes according to tumor size, as the luminal type was more frequently present in tumors of 10 mm or smaller than those larger than 10 mm, whereas the triple‐negative type was more frequently present in tumors larger than 10 mm.
Comparison of pediatric adenoidectomy techniques
Authors: Sjogren Phayvanh P. , Thomas Andrew J. , Hunter Benjamin N. , Butterfield James , Gale Craig , Meier Jeremy D. 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesEvaluate the effects of electrocautery, microdebrider, and coblation techniques on outpatient pediatric adenoidectomy costs and complications.Study DesignObservational retrospective cohort study.MethodsAn observational cohort study was performed in a multihospital network using a standardized accounting system. Children < 18 years of age who underwent outpatient adenoidectomy were included from January 2008 to September 2015. Cases with additional procedures were excluded. The cohorts were divided into children who underwent electrocautery, microdebrider, or coblator adenoidectomy. Data regarding costs, postoperative complications, and revision surgeries were analyzed.ResultsA total of 1,065 cases of adenoidectomy were performed with electrocautery (34.9%), microdebrider (26.1%), and coblation (39.0%). There was an increased after direct cost associated with the microdebrider, $833 (standard deviation [SD] $363) and the coblator, $797 (SD $262) compared to the electrocautery, $597 (SD $361) (P < 0.0001). There was a greater overall operating room (OR) time associated with use of the microdebrider (mean 28.7, SD 11.0 minutes) compared with both the electrocautery (mean 24.7, SD 8.1 minutes) and coblator (mean 26.2, SD 9.8 minutes) (P < 0.0001). No significant difference was found with regard to complication rates. The incidence of repeat adenoidectomies was significantly greater for microdebrider (9.7%) compared to electrocautery (2.7%; P = 0.0002) and coblator (5.3%; P = 0.0336) techniques.ConclusionThese results suggest that adenoidectomy with electrocautery is significantly less expensive than microdebrider and coblator, with no differences in complication rates or surgical times among the techniques. Microdebrider adenoidectomy was associated with a longer overall OR time and a higher rate of adenoid regrowth, requiring revision surgery.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:745–749, 2018