bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foraging distance distributions reveal how honeybee waggle dance recruitment varies with landscape
Authors: Palmer Joseph , Samuelson Ash E. , Gill Richard J. , Leadbeater Ellouise , Jansen Vincent A. A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHoneybee (Apis mellifera) colonies use a unique collective foraging system, the waggle dance, to communicate and process the location of resources. Here, we present a means to quantify the effect of recruitment on colony forager allocation across the landscape by simply observing the waggle dance on the dancefloor. We show first, through a theoretical model, that recruitment leaves a characteristic imprint on the distance distribution of foraging sites that a colony visits, which varies according to the proportion of trips driven by individual search. Next, we fit this model to the real-world empirical distance distribution of forage sites visited by 20 honeybee colonies in urban and rural landscapes across South East England, obtained via dance decoding. We show that there is considerable variation in the use of dancing information in colony foraging, particularly in agri-rural landscapes. In our dataset, reliance on dancing increases as arable land gives way to built-up areas, suggesting that dancing may have the greatest impact on colony foraging in the complex and heterogeneous landscapes of forage-rich urban areas. Our model provides a tool to assess the relevance of this extraordinary behaviour across modern anthropogenic landscape types.
The neuroendocrine transition in prostate cancer is dynamic and dependent on ASCL1
Authors: Romero Rodrigo , Chu Tinyi , González Robles Tania J. , Smith Perianne , Xie Yubin , Kaur Harmanpreet , Yoder Sara , Zhao Huiyong , Mao Chenyi , Kang Wenfei , Pulina Maria V. , Lawrence Kayla E. , Gopalan Anuradha , Zaidi Samir , Yoo Kwangmin , Choi Jungmin , Fan Ning , Gerstner Olivia , Karthaus Wouter R. , DeStanchina Elisa , Ruggles Kelly V. , Westcott Peter M. K. , Chaligné Ronan , Pe’er Dana , Sawyers Charles L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLineage plasticity is a hallmark of cancer progression that impacts therapy outcomes, yet the mechanisms mediating this process remain unclear. Here, we introduce a versatile in vivo platform to interrogate neuroendocrine lineage transformation throughout prostate cancer progression. Transplanted mouse prostate organoids with human-relevant driver mutations (Rb1−/−; Trp53−/−; cMyc+ or Pten−/−; Trp53−/−; cMyc+) develop adenocarcinomas, but only those with Rb1 deletion advance to aggressive, ASCL1+ neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) resistant to androgen receptor signaling inhibitors. Notably, this transition requires an in vivo microenvironment not replicated by conventional organoid culture. Using multiplexed immunofluorescence and spatial transcriptomics, we reveal that ASCL1+ cells arise from KRT8+ luminal cells, progressing into transcriptionally heterogeneous ASCL1+;KRT8− NEPC. Ascl1 loss in established NEPC causes transient regression followed by recurrence, but its deletion before transplantation abrogates lineage plasticity, resulting in castration-sensitive adenocarcinomas. This dynamic model highlights the importance of therapy timing and offers a platform to identify additional lineage plasticity drivers.
Infrastructure, regulation and the experiences of delivery cyclists in Australian cities
Authors: Thorpe Amelia , Johnson Marilyn , Hercus Courtney , Rudge Thomas , Boufous Soufiane , Chong Derek 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOn-demand delivery has changed the way cities move. Accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, bicycles are the leading mode meeting growing consumer demand, particularly for food. In Australia, this has generated considerable attention, but the voice of riders is missing. Using grounded theory to reveal rider perspectives, we combined interviews (n = 52), a naturalistic study (104 hours) and roadside video observations (216 hours) to provide the first comprehensive picture of the experiences of delivery cyclists (including parcel couriers and food delivery cyclists working in both ‘gig’ and salaried roles) in Sydney and Melbourne. Concerns about safety for food delivery cyclists have prompted some to boycott the industry, yet our research shows that there is much to celebrate. Here we report what riders say are the greatest risks to their safety and how they would like these to be addressed. The changes that riders want most relate to the built environment, particularly connected, separated infrastructure and regulation for better sharing of street space. In some cases, riders are already finding ways to enact this change.
Modeling of mRNA deadenylation rates reveal a complex relationship between mRNA deadenylation and decay
Authors: Czarnocka-Cieciura Agnieszka , Poznański Jarosław , Turtola Matti , Tomecki Rafał , Krawczyk Paweł S , Mroczek Seweryn , Orzeł Wiktoria , Saha Upasana , Jensen Torben Heick , Dziembowski Andrzej , Tudek Agnieszka 
Published: October 2024

AbstractComplete cytoplasmic polyadenosine tail (polyA-tail) deadenylation is thought to be essential for initiating mRNA decapping and subsequent degradation. To investigate this prevalent model, we conducted direct RNA sequencing of S. cerevisiae mRNAs derived from chase experiments under steady-state and stress condition. Subsequently, we developed a numerical model based on a modified gamma distribution function, which estimated the transcriptomic deadenylation rate at 10 A/min. A simplified independent method, based on the delineation of quantile polyA-tail values, showed a correlation between the decay and deadenylation rates of individual mRNAs, which appeared consistent within functional transcript groups and associated with codon optimality. Notably, these rates varied during the stress response. Detailed analysis of ribosomal protein-coding mRNAs (RPG mRNAs), constituting 40% of the transcriptome, singled out this transcript group. While deadenylation and decay of RPG mRNAs accelerated under heat stress, their degradation could proceed even when deadenylation was blocked, depending entirely on ongoing nuclear export. Our findings support the general primary function of deadenylation in dictating the onset of decapping, while also demonstrating complex relations between these processes.
m6A modification of mutant huntingtin RNA promotes the biogenesis of pathogenic huntingtin transcripts
Authors: Pupak Anika , Rodríguez-Navarro Irene , Sathasivam Kirupa , Singh Ankita , Essmann Amelie , del Toro Daniel , Ginés Silvia , Mouro Pinto Ricardo , Bates Gillian P , Vang Ørom Ulf Andersson , Martí Eulàlia , Brito Verónica 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn Huntington’s disease (HD), aberrant processing of huntingtin (HTT) mRNA produces HTT1a transcripts that encode the pathogenic HTT exon 1 protein. The mechanisms behind HTT1a production are not fully understood. Considering the role of m6A in RNA processing and splicing, we investigated its involvement in HTT1a generation. Here, we show that m6A methylation is increased before the cryptic poly(A) sites (IpA1 and IpA2) within the huntingtin RNA in the striatum of Hdh+/Q111 mice and human HD samples. We further assessed m6A’s role in mutant Htt mRNA processing by pharmacological inhibition and knockdown of METTL3, as well as targeted demethylation of Htt intron 1 using a dCas13-ALKBH5 system in HD mouse cells. Our data reveal that Htt1a transcript levels are regulated by both METTL3 and the methylation status of Htt intron 1. They also show that m6A methylation in intron 1 depends on expanded CAG repeats. Our findings highlight a potential role for m6A in aberrant splicing of Htt mRNA.
Sharing Stories Versus Explaining Facts: Comparing African American Children's Microstructure Performance Across Fictional Narrative, Informational, and Procedural Discourse
Authors: Gardner-Neblett Nicole , Alvarez Dulce Lopez 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
Both fictional oral narrative and expository oral discourse skills are critical language competencies that support children's academic success. Few studies, however, have examined African American children's microstructure performance across these genres. To address this gap in the literature, the study compared African American children's microstructure productivity and complexity across three discourse contexts: fictional narratives, informational discourse, and procedural discourse. The study also examined whether there were age-related differences in microstructure performance by discourse type.

Method:
Participants were 130 typically developing African American children, aged 59–95 months old, enrolled in kindergarten through second grades in a Midwestern U.S. public school district. Wordless children's books were used to elicit fictional narratives, informational, and procedural discourse. Indicators of microstructure performance included measures of productivity (i.e., number of total words and number of different words) and complexity (i.e., mean length of communication unit and complex syntax rate). The effects of genre and age on microstructure performance were assessed using linear mixed-effects regression models.

Results:
Children produced longer discourse and used a greater diversity of words for their fictional stories compared to their informational or procedural discourse. Grammatical complexity was greater for fictional narratives and procedural discourse than informational discourse. Results showed greater productivity and complexity among older children compared to younger children, particularly for fictional and informational discourse.

Conclusions:
African American children exhibit variation in their microstructure performance by discourse context and age. Understanding this variation is key to providing African American children with support to maximize their oral language competencies.
Dynamic overmodulation strategy based on torque and flux optimal tracking for DTC‐SVM of surface‐mounted PMSM drives
Authors: Li Peihe , Shen Anwen , Tang Qipeng , Luo Xin , Xu Jinbang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDirect torque control with space vector modulation has been increasingly attracting emphasis for permanent‐magnet synchronous machine control, benefiting from a high dynamic response and low torque ripple. However, the rapid tracking performance of torque and stator flux linkage is gradually deteriorating as the machine enters the overmodulation region because of the output‐voltage limitation of the inverter. Therefore, to enhance the system tracking performance in the overmodulation region, an innovative overmodulation method based on torque and flux optimal tracking is proposed. In contrast to the conventional overmodulation method where only one of the torque and stator flux linkage tracking is considered, the proposed strategy first constructs the weightless cost function to achieve a trade‐off control between the torque and stator flux linkage. Then, by using an equivalent geometric path to intuitively express the weightless cost function, the minimum cost function can be easily solved and the optimal output voltage vector can be determined correspondingly, to achieve the fast‐tracking of both the torque and stator flux linkage. Additionally, the voltage utilization of different overmodulation schemes is also analysed. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and practicality of the proposed strategy.
Double power MOSFETs high‐gain DC–DC topology using two‐winding coupled inductor for renewable energy usage
Authors: Abbasian Sohrab , Zakerian Ali , Farsijani Mohammad , Nikbakht Masoud , Roinila Tomi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh‐voltage DC–DC converters are critical components of numerous renewable‐energy systems. Input current and voltage gain are crucial factors to consider while designing these converters. This article suggests a high‐step‐up DC–DC topology. Utilizing a magnetic‐coupling‐based voltage multiplier approach, the suggested converter achieves significant voltage gain while minimizing switch voltage stress. Furthermore, a boost inductor at the input ensures continuous input current, making it useful for battery, fuel cell, and solar energy systems. In addition, the MOSFETs are switched at zero voltage, yielding low switching losses, and the coupled inductor is biased toward zero DC, which results in a small magnetic area and lower core losses. The proposed converter's operating regulations, performance studies, and design challenges are discussed. To confirm the calculations made in theory, a test was performed with a 20 V input and a 230 V output, providing an output power of 425 W.
DeepEMS: Multimodal optimal energy management of microgrid systems based on a hybrid multi‐stage machine learning model
Authors: Safari Ashkan , Hashemzadeh Farzad , Zare Kazem 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe effective management of microgrids is important towards transition to sustainable energy paradigm. By optimizing the utilization of different energy sources, such as solar photovoltaic panels and energy storages, it improves the reliability of the grid and develops resiliency in dealing with of challenges of unexpected variations in demand. To this end, the proposed paper presents DeepEMS, a system developed to manage the energy of microgrids through the incorporation of diverse intelligent algorithms. DeepEMS provides dynamic microgrid management through the utilization of Bidirectional Long Short‐Term Memory (BiLSTM) networks, Sliding Linear Programming (SLP), and Random Forest (RF). By implementing these methodologies, DeepEMS can optimize energy consumption throughout the microgrid by dynamically identifying and coordinating the needs of various energy sources. DeepEMS achieves precise multimodal optimization and facilitates integration of storage systems, grid interactions, and renewable energy sources (RES), as demonstrated by simulations and data analytics. DeepEMS presented performance in control, resource allocation, management, and grid utilization. Furthermore, in a comparative analysis with alternative intelligent models including XGBoost, Light GBM, RF, and Decision Trees, DeepEMS consistently demonstrated higher performance as measured by several key performance indicators (KPIs).
Ethanolamine ices: Experiments in simulated space conditions
Authors: Biancalani Sole , Corazzi Maria A. , Rivilla Víctor M. , Brucato John R. 
Published: October 2024

Context. Laboratory experiments on the interactions between complex organic molecules, interstellar dust, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation are crucial to understanding the physicochemical mechanisms that lead to the synthesis of the observed interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs), and to search for new molecular species not yet observed in the gas phase of the interstellar medium (ISM).
Aims. We aim to study the role of a new, recently discovered interstellar molecule, ethanolamine (EtA, NH2CH2CH2OH), in surface chemistry in the ISM.
Methods. In the laboratory, thanks to a combination of temperature programmed desorption (TPD) experiments and electron ionization (EI) mass spectrometry analyses, we studied the thermal desorption of pure ethanolamine and its mixture with water from nanometric amorphous olivine grains cooled down to 10 K, with or without UV irradiation.
Results. Ethanolamine was found to be stable, even in the presence of water, when irradiated with UV light. The presence of olivine grains strongly modified the TPD curves, trapping the molecule up to about 295 K, meaning that the precursors of some biological molecules could be retained on the grains even in the innermost parts of protoplanetary disk. We then identified a series of products formed when the molecule was irradiated onto the dust substrate.
Conclusions. Of particular interest is the fact that irradiation of ice containing ethanolamine, a molecule known to be present in the ISM, can produce more complex and astrobiologically interesting species. Furthermore, our results further our understanding of existing observational data.
Magnetic connectivity from the Sun to the Earth with MHD models
Authors: Kennis S. , Perri B. , Poedts S. 
Published: October 2024

Context. The magnetic connectivity between the Sun and the Earth is crucial to our understanding of the solar wind and space weather events. However, establishing this connectivity is challenging because of the lack of direct observations, which explains the need for reliable simulations.
Aims. The method most often used to make such measurements over the last few years is the two-step ballistic method, but it has many free parameters that can affect the final result. Thus, we want to provide a connectivity method based on self-consistent magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) models.
Methods. To this end, we combined the COCONUT coronal model with the EUHFORIA heliospheric model to compute the magnetic field lines from the Earth to the Sun. We then developed a way to quantify both the spatial and temporal uncertainty associated with this computation. To validate our method, we selected four cases already studied in the literature and associated with high-speed-stream events coming from unambiguous coronal holes visible on the disk.
Results. We always find a partial overlap with the assumed CH of origin. The extent of this overlap is 19% for event 1, 100% for event 2, 45% for event 3, and 100% for event 4. We looked at the polarity at Earth over the full Carrington rotation to better understand these results. We find that, on average, MHD simulations provide a very good polarity estimation, showing 69% agreement with real data for event 1, 36% for event 2, 68% for event 3, and 69% for event 4. For events 1 and 3, we can then explain the mixed results by the spatial and temporal uncertainty. An interesting result is that, for MHD models, minimum-activity cases appear to be more challenging because of the multiple recurrent crossings of the HCS, while maximum-activity cases appear easier because of the latitudinal extent of the HCS. A similar result was also found with Parker Solar Probe data in another study.
Conclusions. We demonstrate that it is possible to use MHD models to compute magnetic connectivity and that this approach provides results of equal quality to those from the two-step ballistic method, with additional possibilities for improvements as the models integrate more critical physics.
Evolution of lithium in the disc of the Galaxy and the role of novae
Authors: Borisov Sviatoslav , Prantzos Nikos , Charbonnel Corinne 
Published: October 2024

Context. Lithium plays a crucial role in probing stellar physics, stellar and primordial nucleosynthesis, and the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. Stars are considered to be the main source of Li, yet the identity of its primary stellar producer has long been a matter of debate.
Aims. In light of recent theoretical and observational results, we investigate in this study the role of two candidate sources of Li enrichment in the Milky Way, namely asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and, in particular, novae.
Methods. We utilised a one-zone Galactic chemical evolution (GCE) model to assess the viability of AGB stars and novae as stellar sources of Li. We used recent theoretical Li yields for AGB stars, while for novae we adopted observationally inferred Li yields and recently derived delay time distributions (DTDs). Subsequently, we extended our analysis by using a multi-zone model with radial migration to investigate spatial variations in the evolution of Li across the Milky Way disc and compared the results with observational data for field stars and open clusters.
Results. Our analysis shows that AGB stars clearly fail to reproduce the meteoritic Li abundance. In contrast, novae appear as promising candidates within the adopted framework, allowing us to quantify the contribution of each Li source at the Sun’s formation and today. Our multi-zone model reveals the role of the differences in the DTDs of Type Ia supernovae and novae in shaping the evolution of Li in the various galactic zones. Its results are in fair agreement with the observational data for most open clusters, but small discrepancies appear in the outer disc.
Origin of transition disk cavities
Authors: Huang Shuo , van der Marel Nienke , Portegies Zwart Simon 
Published: October 2024

Context. Protoplanetary disks surrounding young stars are the birth places of planets. Among them, transition disks with inner dust cavities of tens of au are sometimes suggested to host massive companions. Yet, such companions are often not detected.
Aims. Some transition disks exhibit a large amount of gas inside the dust cavity and relatively high stellar accretion rates, which contradicts typical models of gas-giant-hosting systems. Therefore, we investigate whether a sequence of low-mass planets can create the appearance of cavities in the dust disk.
Methods. We evolve the disks with low-mass growing embryos in combination with 1D dust transport and 3D pebble accretion, to investigate the reduction of the pebble flux at the embryos’ orbits. We vary the planet and disk properties to understand the resulting dust profile.
Results. We find that multiple pebble-accreting planets can efficiently decrease the dust surface density, resulting in dust cavities consistent with transition disks. The number of low-mass planets necessary to sweep up all pebbles decreases with decreasing turbulent strength and is preferred when the dust Stokes number is 10−2 − 10−4. Compared to dust rings caused by pressure bumps, those by efficient pebble accretion exhibit more extended outer edges. We also highlight the observational reflections: the transition disks with rings featuring extended outer edges tend to have a large gas content in the dust cavities and rather high stellar accretion rates.
Conclusions. We propose that planet-hosting transition disks consist of two groups. In Group A disks, planets have evolved into gas giants, opening deep gaps in the gas disk. Pebbles concentrate in pressure maxima, forming dust rings. In Group B, multiple Neptunes (unable to open deep gas gaps) accrete incoming pebbles, causing the appearance of inner dust cavities and distinct ring-like structures near planet orbits. The morphological discrepancy of these rings may aid in distinguishing between the two groups using high-resolution ALMA observations.