bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POU6f1 Mediates Neuropeptide-Dependent Plasticity in the Adult Brain
Authors: McClard Cynthia K. , Kochukov Mikhail Y. , Herman Isabella , Liu Zhandong , Eblimit Aiden , Moayedi Yalda , Ortiz-Guzman Joshua , Colchado Daniel , Pekarek Brandon , Panneerselvam Sugi , Mardon Graeme , Arenkiel Benjamin R. 
Published: January 2018

The mouse olfactory bulb (OB) features continued, activity-dependent integration of adult-born neurons, providing a robust model with which to examine mechanisms of plasticity in the adult brain. We previously reported that local OB interneurons secrete the neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in an activity-dependent manner onto adult-born granule neurons and that local CRH signaling promotes expression of synaptic machinery in the bulb. This effect is mediated via activation of the CRH receptor 1 (CRHR1), which is developmentally regulated during adult-born neuron maturation. CRHR1 is a GS-protein-coupled receptor that activates CREB-dependent transcription in the presence of CRH. Therefore, we hypothesized that locally secreted CRH activates CRHR1 to initiate circuit plasticity programs. To identify such programs, we profiled gene expression changes associated with CRHR1 activity in adult-born neurons of the OB. Here, we show that CRHR1 activity influences expression of the brain-specific Homeobox-containing transcription factor POU Class 6 Homeobox 1 (POU6f1). To elucidate the contributions ofPOU6f1toward activity-dependent circuit remodeling, we targeted CRHR1+neurons in male and female mice for cell-type-specific manipulation ofPOU6f1expression. Whereas loss ofPOU6f1in CRHR1+neurons resulted in reduced dendritic complexity and decreased synaptic connectivity, overexpression ofPOU6f1in CRHR1+neurons promoted dendritic outgrowth and branching and influenced synaptic function. Together, these findings suggest that the transcriptional program directed byPOU6f1downstream of local CRH signaling in adult-born neurons influences circuit dynamics in response to activity-dependent peptide signaling in the adult brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTElucidating mechanisms of plasticity in the adult brain is helpful for devising strategies to understand and treat neurodegeneration. Circuit plasticity in the adult mouse olfactory bulb is exemplified by both continued cell integration and synaptogenesis. We previously reported that these processes are influenced by local neuropeptide signaling in an activity-dependent manner. Here, we show that local corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) signaling induces dynamic gene expression changes in CRH receptor expressing adult-born neurons, including altered expression of the transcription factorPOU6f1. We further show thatPOU6f1is necessary for proper dendrite specification and patterning, as well as synapse development and function in adult-born neurons. Together, these findings reveal a novel mechanism by which peptide signaling modulates adult brain circuit plasticity.
An Insula–Central Amygdala Circuit for Guiding Tastant-Reinforced Choice Behavior
Authors: Schiff Hillary C. , Bouhuis Anna Lien , Yu Kai , Penzo Mario A. , Li Haohong , He Miao , Li Bo 
Published: January 2018

For animals to survive, they must reliably predict during foraging which substances are suitable for consumption. Despite extensive study, the neural circuit mechanisms underlying such adaptive behavior remain poorly understood. Here, using a tastant (sucrose/quinine)-reinforced “go/no-go” task in male and female mice, we examined the anatomical and functional connectivity of the circuit linking the insular cortex (IC) to the central amygdala (CeA) and the role of this circuit in the establishment of appropriate behavioral responses. Using anatomic tracing approaches combined with optogenetics-assisted circuit mapping, we found that the gustatory region of the IC sends direct excitatory projections to the lateral division of the CeA (CeL), making monosynaptic excitatory connections with distinct populations of CeL neurons. Specific inhibition of neurotransmitter release from the CeL-projecting IC neurons prevented mice from acquiring the “no-go” response, and impaired the “go” responses in the go/no-go task. Furthermore, selective activation of the IC–CeL pathway with optogenetics drove unconditioned lick suppression in thirsty animals, induced aversive responses, and was sufficient to instruct conditioned action suppression in response to a cue predicting the optogenetic activation. These results indicate that activities in the IC–CeL circuit are critical for establishing taste-reinforced behavioral responses, including avoidance responses to an aversive tastant, and are sufficient to drive learning of anticipatory avoidance. Our findings suggest that the IC–CeL circuit plays an important role in guiding appropriate choices during foraging.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAn animal's ability to predict which substances are suitable for consumption and then produce an appropriate action to those substances is critical for survival. Here we found that activity in the circuit that links the insular cortex (IC) to the central amygdala (CeA) is necessary for establishing appropriate behavioral responses to taste-predicting cues. This neural circuit seems to be particularly tuned to avoid an unpleasant tastant, and is also sufficient to drive learning of such avoidance responses. These results suggest that the IC–CeA circuit is critical for generating appropriate behavioral responses during foraging when facing different choices.
Role of Purinergic Receptor P2Y1 in Spatiotemporal Ca2+Dynamics in Astrocytes
Authors: Shigetomi Eiji , Hirayama Yukiho J. , Ikenaka Kazuhiro , Tanaka Kenji F. , Koizumi Schuichi 
Published: January 2018

Fine processes of astrocytes enwrap synapses and are well positioned to sense neuronal information via synaptic transmission. In rodents, astrocyte processes sense synaptic transmission via Gq-protein coupled receptors (GqPCR), including the P2Y1 receptor (P2Y1R), to generate Ca2+signals. Astrocytes display numerous spontaneous microdomain Ca2+signals; however, it is not clear whether such signals are due to local synaptic transmission and/or in what timeframe astrocytes sense local synaptic transmission. To ask whether GqPCRs mediate microdomain Ca2+signals, we engineered mice (both sexes) to specifically overexpress P2Y1Rs in astrocytes, and we visualized Ca2+signals via a genetically encoded Ca2+indicator, GCaMP6f, in astrocytes from adult mice. Astrocytes overexpressing P2Y1Rs showed significantly larger Ca2+signals in response to exogenously applied ligand and to repetitive electrical stimulation of axons compared with controls. However, we found no evidence of increased microdomain Ca2+signals. Instead, Ca2+waves appeared and propagated to occupy areas that were up to 80-fold larger than microdomain Ca2+signals. These Ca2+waves accounted for only 2% of total Ca2+events, but they were 1.9-fold larger and 2.9-fold longer in duration than microdomain Ca2+signals at processes. Ca2+waves did not require action potentials for their generation and occurred in a probenecid-sensitive manner, indicating that the endogenous ligand for P2Y1R is elevated independently of synaptic transmission. Our data suggest that spontaneous microdomain Ca2+signals occur independently of P2Y1R activation and that astrocytes may not encode neuronal information in response to synaptic transmission at a point source of neurotransmitter release.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAstrocytes are thought to enwrap synapses with their processes to receive neuronal information via Gq-protein coupled receptors (GqPCRs). Astrocyte processes display numerous microdomain Ca2+signals that occur spontaneously. To determine whether GqPCRs play a role in microdomain Ca2+signals and the timeframe in which astrocytes sense neuronal information, we engineered mice whose astrocytes specifically overexpress the P2Y1 receptor, a major GqPCR in astrocytes. We found that overexpression of P2Y1 receptors in astrocytes did not increase microdomain Ca2+signals in astrocyte processes but caused Ca2+wavelike signals. Our data indicate that spontaneous microdomain Ca2+signals do not require activation of P2Y1 receptors.
Parameters of the In-Run Position of Juniors’ Body at the Beginning of Take-Off
Authors: Kazmiruk Andriy , Banakh Volodymyr , Vlasov Andriy , Lopatiev Anatolij , Tovstonoh Oleksandr , Stefanyshyn Natalia 
Published: January 2018

The objective is to determine the differences in the technique of the in-run position execution at the beginning of take-off by junior ski-jumpers of different qualification (sports training).Materials and methods. The participants in the study were 22 junior ski-jumpers aged 14-16 (a group of junior ski-jumpers) performing during the Ukrainian Ski-Jumping Championship (October 9, 2010, Vorokhta, Ukraine). The correlation analysis thereof established the relations between the jump length and the angular parameters: in the ankle joint, knee joint, hip joint, and pelvis joint, which condition the positional relationship of the body joints and the position of the ski-jumper at the beginningof take-off. Results. The study established the correlation relations between the jump length and the angular parameters that condition the horizontal positioning of the body. The correlation coefficient for the jump length at the inclination angle of the segment of the straigt line passing through the axes of the ankle and shoulder joints to the direction of the skier’s movement is r=–0.563 (p = 0.006), and that at the inclination angle of the segment of the straight line passing through the general center of body weight and the axis of the ankle joint to the direction of the skier’s movement is r= –0.355 (p = 0.105).Conclusions. A position of lowly groupping at the beginning of the take-off allows to improve the sporting result. The study established the correlation between the jump length and the angle, particularly in the ankle joint, to be r= –0.2244 (p = 0.274), in the knee joint — r= –0.165 (p = 0.464), in the hip joint —r= –0.127 (p = 0.574). It determined the statistically reliable differences in the parameters of the body position at the beginning of the take-off on the jump ramp (p <0.05).
Effectiveness of Motor Skills Development in 5th-7th Grade Girls at Different Modes of Physical Exercises
Authors: Ivashchenko Olga , Abdulkhalikova Tamila , Cieślicka Miroslava 
Published: January 2018

The objective is to determine the influence of the physical exercises modes on effectiveness of motor skills development in 5th-7th grade girls. Materials and methods. The study involved 5th grade girls (n = 28), 6th grade girls (n = 28) and 7th grade girls (n = 24). To solve the tasks set, the study relied on general scientific and special research methods, methods of mathematical experiment-planning.Studying the influence of different variants of the educational process structure, namely: the number of repetitions (x1) and the rest intervals (x2) on acquisition of the technique of physical exercises performance, provided for achieving the objective. A full 22 type factorial experiment was conducted. The 5th-7th graders were divided into training groups according to the experiment plan. In total, there were twelve experimental groups organized, four in each class.Results. The analysis of the regression equations shows that the rest interval between repetitions (x2) has the greatest influence on teaching 5th-7th grade girls physical exercises, with the number of repetitions (x1) being of somewhat less significant influence. The relation between these factors (x1x2) has a considerable weight in teaching to “rope climb in two or three sets” and to do a “pullover mount with a swing of one and a push-off with the other leg”.Conclusions. To increase the effectiveness of teaching 5th-7th grade girls physical exercises, the number of repetitions in throwing exercises should be increased to twelve times, and the rest interval reduced to 60 seconds. In the 7th grade, the number of repetitions should be reduced to six times, and the rest interval – to 60 seconds. The rest intervals in the exercises: “pullover mount with a swing of one and a push-off with the other leg” and “rope climbing in two or three sets”, should be reduced to 60 seconds and the number of repetitions – to six.
Wilayah Perbatasan Kalimantan Barat: Sumber Sejarah dan Permasalahannya
Authors: Marihandono Djoko 
Published: January 2018

<p>The research deals with the region in the two-area Kalimantan/Borneo border with Malaysia; in the east, Nunukan, and in the west, Entikong. The border problem rises when a geopolitical interest of Indonesia and Malaysia overwhelms the traditional ways of farming and trade that have existed even before the British and Dutch colonial governments executed their administrative systems by dividing them into security and prosperity belts, despite the existing active roles of local authorities to manage their resources. Now, the heritage of the rich natural resources and the mobile population, becomes a major issue of dispute. The available resources, such as fish, coal and gold; crops, such as chocolate, nutmeg and rubber; prospective reservation areas for tourism, such as the Indonesian national parks in Danau Sentarum, Gunung Niut, and Betung Karihun, become a vulnerable target for exploitation. These crucial zones have been a part of an intricate interwoven eco-region. The paper uses the colonial British and Dutch archieves and other literature to describe the historic conflict of interest for exploitation and extraction of the resources, and the post-independent sources which talked about the endless Malaysian intrusions faced by the Indonesian government.</p>
Habitus, Ngêng, dan Estetika Bunyi Mlèsèt dan Nggandhul pada Karawitan
Authors: Prasetya Hanggar Budi , Haryono Timbul , Simatupang Lono L. 
Published: January 2018

<p><span lang="IN">The paper explains about <em>mlèsèt</em> and <em>nggandhul</em> phenomena in the Javanese <em>Karawitan</em> in the perspective of Piere Bourdieu’s sociology of arts. The datas were collected through interviews with <em>pengrawit</em>,or gamelan players, and observation of gamelan played during the performance of Yogyakarta <em>wayang</em>.</span></p><p><span lang="IN">The research shows that <em>mlèsèt</em> and <em>nggandhul</em> aresound aesthetics for the listeners and habitus of the gamelan players. Therefore, a gamelan player should possess his ngêng in order to precisely play the correct rhythm of <em>mlèsèt</em> and <em>nggandhul</em>.</span></p>
Paradigma Ilmiah pada Ilmu Sosial-Budaya Kontemporer
Authors: Yusuf Akhyar 
Published: January 2018

<p>An American philosopher, Thomas Samuel Kuhn (1922-1996) in his books, The Structure of Scientific Revolution (1962) and The Essential Tension; Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and Change (1977) poses a paradigm of a universal foundation of science which uses a common fact, method, language and criteria. He does not think that even in the realm of the natural sciences, there are differences, more so that there is a paradigm in the humanities including the arts and literature. Kuhn, however, has established a new paradigm for the philosophy of science which he called “the sociology of science” or a social construction, which now is popular as a constructive paradigm. It is developed in the Critical Theory of Adorno, Horkheimer, and Habermas, and in the Postmodern Theory of Lyotard, Derrida, Foucault, and Baudrillard. The paradigm of the social-political and cultural discourses of the seventies, has developed from structuralism of Saussure and Levi Strauss to post-structuralism or deconstructionism of Jacques Derrida and Paul de Mann referring to contemporary or postmodern era. It rejects stable understanding, logocentrism, antibinary, and gives readers ways to understand a text. The methods used is interpretative paradigm, such as philology, Marxist, new historicism, structuralism, psychoanalysis, theory of acceptance, semiotics, deconstruction, and discourse analysis.</p>
Dinamika “Timur” dan “Barat” dalam Tokoh Boonyi Kaul Noman dalam Shalimar The ClownKarya Salman Rushdie
Authors: Arumsari Chysanti 
Published: January 2018

<p>As the concepts of “West” and “East are not only recognized in area studies, they are also known in the study of culture. Both concepts represent a culture, of which they are not always in agreement, but are often opposition, one against another. Shalimar the Clown, a novel by Salman Rushdie presents “West” and “East” using India for its main background. The research analysizes Boonyi Kaul Noman, one of the main characters, who shook the dichotomi of West against East within the paradigms of Orientalism and Occidentalism. The discussion on the construction of East defines the relationship between the locality and role of Boonyi in the family and in the society. At the same time, the construction of “West” covers the analysis of opinion, life and role of the main character. The cultural approach and Edward Said’s theory on Orientalism-Occidentalism (1978) are applied to analize and break the dynamic of the concepts of “East” and “West.”</p>
Representing Islam in the Eyes of the Self and the Other: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Newspaper Articles
Authors: Resminingayu Dewi Hermawati 
Published: January 2018

<p>Since terrorism in Indonesia was associated to Moslem extremists, news regarding Islam has been mostly associated with those two aspects. In results, the concern of researches related to Islam in media only focuses on terrorism issue. Providing this background, this research is aimed to raise the issue related to Moslems and the Chinese minority in Indonesia, specifically in the celebration of Chinese New Year 2013 which is associated with Islamic issue. The data of this research are two newspaper articles. The first article is written by a journalist working for Agence France Presse (AFP) as the foreign media. Meanwhile, the other is written by The Jakarta Post which is the national media. The pivotal theory applied in this research is Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) by Norman Fairclough. This theory comprises of two notions of analysis namely communicative event analysis and order of discourse analysis. Orientalism theory by Edward W. Said regarding the self and the other is also applied to analyze the socio-cultural context of the data. In this case, AFP represents the self, while The Jakarta Post is the other. After conducting thorough analysis, the findings disclose that the self represents Indonesian Islam negatively. In contrast, the other represents Indonesian Islam objectively</p>
Fulla’s and Barbie’s Images in Relation to Women’s Beauty and Cultural Difference
Authors: Anindya Juwita 
Published: January 2018

<p>Most people know Barbie, a doll that conveys some values about culture and about the concept of women’s beauty. However, Barbie only represents one specific culture, which is Western culture. Different with Western culture, Eastern culture needs a doll who can represent their values. Then, Fulla<br />appears as the representative of Eastern beauty. Fulla conveys some values about Eastern culture and about the new concept of women’s beauty which are different from Barbie. Fulla’s appearance here is thought can emphasize the cultural differences among the society, but it can give another choice to shape people’s new thought about the beauty of Eastern culture. Using Said’s orientalism will help the writer to support the arguments about Eastern culture that can be an equal competitor to Western culture nowadays.</p>
Hubungan Kekuasaan pada Tokoh Superhero dan Supervillain dalam Film Iron Man 3 (2013): Sebuah Kajian Tematik
Authors: Tobing Marco Alexandro 
Published: January 2018

<p>This research discusses how superhero and supervillain characters in the film Iron Man 3 (2013) shows a power relation as a form of superhuman superiority. The power relation that occur through the conflict between characters are seen as an establishment of social stratifi cation among superhuman and normal<br />human / society as cultural study. This study is conducted thematically through characterizations analysis method by comparing the defi nition and ideology on the superhero and supervillain in superhero characters, Iron Man and the Iron Patriot, and supervillain character, Mandarin. This study aims to fi nd the root of power relation to the establishment of class structures in the society. By reviewing the defi nition and ideology on these characters, this study is expected to give a broader view of superhuman characters and help the reader to understand the value delivered from superhero character. As a conclusion, the potrayals of the superhero and supervillain characters in the film Iron Man 3 (2013) as the highest power owner have a function to limit and control the values in the society.</p>
Narsisme sebagai Wujud Eksistensi Diri dalam Novel “My Name is Red” Karya Orhan Pamuk
Authors: Irnawan Raden Dibi 
Published: January 2018

<p>This paper discusses about socio-psychological dimension in paintings pictured in Orhan Pamuk’s novel My Name is Red. The novel shows us fi ne examples about how paintings can be a media of painters who lived in a repressive era of Sultan Murat III which established rigid rules adopted from Islamic principles of how a painting should be done. This idea manifested in the characters’ behaviour, especially Velijan Eff endi, who hold the Islamic or East principles, but dilemmatically fond of Western principles as an aesthetic way of painting. This kind of dilemma born from the presence of East and West principles intertwined in Turkey at the era pictured in the novel. Results determined that Velijan<br />Eff endi is narcistic as a result of his needs to be acknowledged, to exist in his repressed life. He uses his paintings as the media of expressing his needs.</p>
Isu Tubuh Perempuan dalam Post terkait NoBra Day Melalui Sudut Pandang Feminisme Posmodern
Authors: Nonga Putri Margarita Febrica 
Published: January 2018

<p>Woman’s body is an issue in No Bra Day movement in the social media, basically, mobilizes female netizens to fight breast cancer together by taking off their bras for a day. As it started globally on October 13th, 2013, this movement attracts pro and contra reaction. The responses are linked by the use of related hash tags. As exposing women’s body to the public sphere considered as uncommon, this movement is oftentimes underestimated. On the contrary, this movement brings a new meaning on woman’s body. This encoded meaning cannot be absorbed thoroughly by the female netizens because of the patriarchal construction. The achieved meaning cannot be one hundred percent as it aims to. Furthermore, the decoded meaning still shows the affirmation to patriarchal order. As a media product, the reception theory of Stuart Hall and postmodern feminism of Luce Irigaray are used to examine the new meaning interpreted and reflected in the responses, which also show the affirmation or even internalization to the patriarchal order.</p>
Família Líquida e sua reinvenção sob o molde do afeto: encontros e desencontros
Authors: Ghilardi Dóris 
Published: January 2018

<p class="Tese-CorpodoTexto">O presente artigo tem como proposta discutir as transformações da família e seu delineamento atual, moldado a partir do afeto. As reflexões são parte da tese de doutorado da autora e surgiram em decorrência de várias inquietações acerca da utilização constante do afeto como um valor apto a reger e a reconstruir as relações e os paradigmas existentes no direito de família. A sustenção do discurso embora legítima também é frágil, o que auxilia na compreensão e percepção de forças externas que legitimam discursos em nome da felicidade, mas que esconde pretensões econômicas. O objetivo é trazer um pouco de luz para o arenoso campo do afeto, permitindo a verificação de que as relações familiares se pautam em vários interesses e sofrem diversas influências. Aliado a isso constroi-se um conceito de família, com base na metáfora da liquidez, capaz de albergar formatos plurais, realçando a sua importância para a estrutura da sociedade, bem como para a estruturação do próprio sujeito.</p>