bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efnisien’s Trickster Wiles: Meanings, Motives, and Mental Illness in the Second Branch of the Mabinogi
Authors: Sumner Natasha 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This article examines the character of Efnisien in the Second Branch of the medieval Welsh collection of stories known as the Mabinogi. From the mid-nineteenth century until the present day, Efnisien has proved a troubling character for critical analysis. A preliminary examination shows that typologically, due to his antagonistic irrationality, he shares traits with both trickster and psychopathic figures. After highlighting these aspects of his characterisation, the article moves on to an analysis of Efnisien’s function in the text. It is observed that Efnisien’s irrationality is incongruous with the contingency and social relevance of the other characters’ actions. He is shown to be the erratic, motivational force within catastrophe, and as such, to personify the inexplicable nature of such life-altering events and lend meaning to uncertain circumstances. From a Žižekian analytic perspective, he functions as a repository figure of ideological excess enabling the rationalization of incomprehensible trauma and securing the fictive narrative in which meaning is produced. Efnisien – trickster, psychopath, figure of excess – is thus shown to be vital to the production of meaning in the Second Branch of the Mabinogi.
Genetic structure of remnant black poplar (Populus nigra L.) populations along biggest rivers in Serbia assessed by SSR markers
Authors: Čortan Dijana , Schroeder Hilke , Šijačić-Nikolić Mirjana , Wehenkel Christian , Fladung Matthias 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBlack poplar (Populus nigra L.) is a keystone species of riparian softwood forests along riversides in vast areas of Europe, Western Asia and Northern Africa. Since the end of the 20thcentury, black poplar has been recognized as an endangered species throughout Europe due to the loss of its natural habitat and possible crossbreeding with hybrid poplars. Using twelve nuclear SSR loci, we analysed the genetic structure of four native populations from three river valleys in the northern part of Serbia. All tested loci were highly polymorphic, displaying 8 to 25 alleles per locus, overall 179 detected alleles and an average effective number of alleles 5.87. Observed heterozygosity (overall Ho = 0.703) has been lower than the expected (overallHe= 0.808) in each population, which indicates positive mean of fixation index values (overallFis> 0 (0.132)). An AMOVA analysis revealed that the highest degree of genetic variation occurred within populations (95.33 %) while the genetic variation between populations was really low (4.67 %). High gene flow and no significant loss of allelic diversity have been recorded in the studied populations in Serbia.
The Problems of the Mental Logic with the Double Negation: The Necessity of a Semantic Approach
Authors: López-Astorga Miguel 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The double negation has always been considered by the logical systems from ancient times to the present. In fact, that is an issue that the current syntactic theories studying human reasoning, for example, the mental logic theory, address today. However, in this paper, I claim that, in the case of some languages such as Spanish, the double negation causes problems for the cognitive theories mainly based on formal schemata and supporting the idea of a universal syntax of thought in the human mind. Thus, I propose that, given those problems, semantic frameworks such as that of the mental models theory seem to be more appropriate for explaining the human inferential activity.
How “Meaning” became “Narrow Content”
Authors: Grabarczyk Paweł 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper traces how disappointment with the notion of linguistic meaning has led to a shift towards the new, technical term of “narrow content”. In the first part of the paper I analyze the ways “narrow content” is understood in the literature. I show two important distinctions which have to be applied to the term in order to avoid confusion – the difference between context and functional theories of narrow content, and the difference between mental and linguistic narrow content. I argue that the most controversial combination of both distinctions is the idea of functional linguistic narrow content. In the second part of the paper I show that, contrary to the initial impression, this controversial, cut back notion of narrow content sheds some much needed light on several key semantic phenomena which we might otherwise be unable to explain – and because of this can be seen as a rightful descendant of the notion of meaning.
“Mass Centre” Vectorization Algorithm for Vehicle’s Counting Portable Video System
Authors: Gaidash Vladislav , Grakovski Alexander 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Vehicle counting is one of the most basic challenges during the development and establishment of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). The main reason for vehicle counting is the necessity of monitoring and maintaining the transport infrastructure, preventing different kind of faults such as traffic jams. The main applied solution to this problem is video surveillance, which is presented by different kind of systems. Some of these systems use a network of static traffic cameras, expensive for establish and maintain, or mobile units, fast for redeployment, but fewer in diversity.
In this paper, one particular concept of a low-cost mobile vehicle counting system is investigated, which uses an object detection method based on calculating “mass centre” of detected features of possible object. A hypothesis of improvement of the basic algorithm was formulated and a modification was proposed. In order to prove the hypothesis, both basic and modified algorithms were tested and evaluated.
Evaluation of the Influence of the Logistic Operations Reliability on the Total Costs of a Supply Chain
Authors: Lukinskiy Valery , Lukinskiy Vladislav 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Nowadays in logistics integral processes between the material and related flows in supply chains are getting developed more and more. However, in spite of increasing volume of statistical data which reflect the integral processes, the influence evaluation issues of the logistic operations reliability indexes on the total logistics costs remain open and require the corresponding researches implementation.
In this article we offer the methodological approach based on the existing approaches analysis. This approach allows to evaluate the influence of the logistic operations implementation reliability on the total logistic costs constituents. At the same time, the supply chains are regarded as recoverable (reserved) systems. In the article you can see calculations examples for the supply chains with the set level of reliable work probability.
Application of Fuzzy Sets for the Improvement of Routing Optimization Heuristic Algorithms
Authors: Mattas Konstantinos , Botzoris George , Papadopoulos Basil 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The determination of the optimal circular path has become widely known for its difficulty in producing a solution and for the numerous applications in the scope of organization and management of passenger and freight transport. It is a mathematical combinatorial optimization problem for which several deterministic and heuristic models have been developed in recent years, applicable to route organization issues, passenger and freight transport, storage and distribution of goods, waste collection, supply and control of terminals, as well as human resource management. Scope of the present paper is the development, with the use of fuzzy sets, of a practical, comprehensible and speedy heuristic algorithm for the improvement of the ability of the classical deterministic algorithms to identify optimum, symmetrical or non-symmetrical, circular route. The proposed fuzzy heuristic algorithm is compared to the corresponding deterministic ones, with regard to the deviation of the proposed solution from the best known solution and the complexity of the calculations needed to obtain this solution. It is shown that the use of fuzzy sets reduced up to 35% the deviation of the solution identified by the classical deterministic algorithms from the best known solution.
Detection of Tree Roots in an Urban Area with the Use of Ground Penetrating Radar
Authors: Krainyukov Alexander , Lyaksa Igor 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper is devoted to using ground penetrating radar (GPR) for the detection of tree roots in an urban area, since GPR allow detect the hidden objects in non invasive way. It is necessary exactly to know the growth direction, thickness and depth of the roots of the tree to confidently assert about the tree root influence on the technical condition of engineering objects and structures: of the buildings, of pavements, of roadway, of engineering communications and etc. The aim of the given research was experimentally to evaluation the possibilities of detection of tree roots in an urban area with the use of GPR on frequency 400 MHz and of algorithms of secondary processing of GPR signals. Results of interpretation of radar profile and evacuation of soil around tree show the possibility of detection of the tree roots and the determination of their parameters using one or two radar concentric profiles.
Doubt in Wittgenstein’s “Remarks on Frazer’s Golden Bough”
Authors: Norris Andrew 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this essay I ask what Wittgenstein means when he writes in the introductory section of his “Remarks on Frazer’s Golden Bough,” “I must plunge into the water of doubt again and again.” This comment is both significant and obscure. Although Wittgenstein did not himself publish the “Remarks,” he took care to organize them, and rejected other introductory comments in favor of the ones that now open the “Remarks” and which conclude with this sentence. But it is not clear what role doubt plays in the “Remarks,” as Wittgenstein neither mentions it again not assumes a doubtful posture towards what he describes as Frazer’s errors. I argue that the sentence is meant to apply first and foremost not to Frazer but to Wittgenstein himself, and that, when read carefully, it refers to a kind of baptism. Appreciating this should decisively shape our understanding of the “Remarks” and has implications for our understanding of the Philosophical Investigations, which echoes and repeats many of the central ideas and even formulations of the earlier text. In particular, it underscores the importance of the idea of disorientation to Wittgenstein’s later work. Being doubtful or disoriented is not just a difficulty to be solved or avoided, but a beneficial process through which one must pass, as Wittgenstein says, again and again.
The Cosmic Fragment: Härte des Logischen Zwangs und Unendliche Möglichkeit
Authors: Edwards-McKie Susan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWittgenstein’s unrelenting criticism of Cantor, Euler, and Gödel falls within a larger strategy to disarm a philosophy of mathematics which relies on completed infinite sets. Because transfinite numbers are seen to resolve the Zeno paradoxes, creating “a paradise from which we shall not be driven”, according to Hilbert, Wittgenstein’s mathematics began to be seen as backwardlooking, particularly in the period of Turing’s work on the Entscheidungsproblem. It is argued that Wittgenstein offered consistent criticism and alternative approaches to paradoxes of the infinitely large and small through a consistent systemic approach to space, time, and generality. The centrality of proof is looked at carefully, with implications for conceptions of time and generality.Fragment MS 178e which I here, recalling Heraclitus, term the Cosmic Fragment, combined with the correction of a von Wright error, is used to explore these arguments, from both mathematical and Philosophische Untersuchungen (PU) Nachlass exegesis perspectives. The dating of the Fragment impacts on the wider scholarly discussion of the completion of MS 142 and TS 220, and the Fragment’s clustering of concepts is reflected in the significant re-ordering of remarks in the Zwischenfassung, which are carried through to the final version of PU. Affinities between Wittgensteinian mathematics and language games emerge within the textual network of the Cosmic Fragment and the new connections between MS 117 and TS 213.It is suggested that a proof-theoretic, potentially infinite system such as Wittgenstein’s, as contrasted with a set-theoretic, actual infinite such as Cantor’s and Gödel’s, in certain respects aligns Wittgenstein’s remarks on space, time and generality with Einsteinian general relativity as originally postulated with the cosmological constant. However, Wittgenstein’s conception of time is neither fully Parmenidean nor fully Heraclitean.
Contributions to a Conceptual Ontology for Wittgenstein
Authors: Addis Mark , Pichler Alois 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA conceptual ontology was used to semantically enrich the Wittgenstein Archives at the University of Bergen’s taxonomy for Wittgenstein Source to facilitate improved searching in the areas of the philosophies of mathematics and psychology. The classes and sub-classes of the multilingual taxonomy were employed to further refine the ways in which themes in these areas of philosophy could be organised. The taxonomy was intended to facilitate the identification of thematic similarities between remarks in instances where this similarity might not be apparent with free text search and in cases where the classified subject of the remarks differed. The approach taken to constructing the taxonomy allows for both its alteration and potential expansion.
Skepticism, Metaphors and Vertigo
Authors: Gutschmidt Rico 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The relation of Wittgenstein’s later philosophy to skepticism seems to be ambiguous, since he rejects radical skepticism but also highlights the groundlessness of our beliefs. In this paper, I am going to discuss Wittgenstein’s hinge propositions in this respect. Against the usual view, I will show that they do not function as a contextualist or foundationalist refutation of skepticism. What is more, they also do not confirm skepticism. In contrast, I will argue that following Wittgenstein skepticism is neither false nor true, but still has a point, which can be elucidated with Stanley Cavell’s concept of a truth of skepticism. This concept roughly states that we can not know about the existence of the world and the others, but that we have to acknowledge them. With the help of Wittgenstein, I am going to clarify this position. The key idea is that the problem of skepticism can be understood as a metaphorical way of presenting the finiteness of the human condition and that vertiginous skeptical irritations lead to an adequate human self-understanding in this respect.
A Wittgensteinian Form of Moral Expressivism
Authors: Schoellner Karsten 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The notion of “attitude” is central to the reception of Wittgenstein in moral philosophy, in at least two different contexts: firstly, in connection with early Wittgenstein it has become standard to speak of ethics as an “attitude towards the world as a whole”; and secondly, and in connection with the later Wittgenstein, the notion of the “attitude towards a soul” - in contrast with the alleged opinion that someone has a soul - has been used to elucidate a sense of the moral significance of others, particularly in the writings of Peter Winch and Cora Diamond. Interestingly, within contemporary metaethics, the position that our moral judgments are expressions of attitude is labelled “moral expressivism”. In this paper I focus on Simon Blackburn’s version of moral expressivism. I argue that Blackburn’s position is motivated by the same concerns Wittgenstein expressed in his Lecture on Ethics. However, while Blackburn’s notion of “attitude” is ultimately an emotivist notion, denoting a binary affective response to the facts, the notion of “attitude” used in Wittgensteinian contexts is much subtler; while it often involves an emotional response, an attitude is primarily a way of conceiving the facts and in the context of his later work it is more firmly grounded in practices. I suggest finally that if we modify moral expressivism by adopting the Wittgensteinian notion of attitude, we are able to more capably answer some of the objections to standard moral expressivism and generate a more sophisticated and plausible view.
A von Wright Error and Wittgenstein’s Heracliteanism
Authors: Venturinha Nuno 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this note I address two issues in Susan Edwards-McKie’s recent paper “The Cosmic Fragment: Härte des Logischen Zwangs und Unendliche Möglichkeit. Nachlass discoveries and Wittgenstein’s conception of generality and the infinite”. The first has to do with a “von Wright error” that Edwards- McKie found and that I show to have been ultimately corrected by von Wright. The second has to do with her interpretation of Wittgenstein’s reaction to Heraclitus’ idea that “everything flows”, one I interpret as purely grammatical and not as a substantial position in favour or against Heracliteanism, nor even as a third stance between this and Parmenideanism, as Edwards-McKie interestingly suggests.
Arthur MacIver’s Diary: Cambridge (October 1929 – March 1930)
Authors: McGuinness Brian 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This article consists of extracts from a young Oxford philosopher’s diaries recounting his visit to Cambridge in his first postgraduate years and some subsequent revivals of contact. These extracts shed fascinating light on the social and academic situation in Cambridge shortly after Wittgenstein’s return there in the Lent Term 1929 and permit readers to see him from a fresh perspective. An introduction helps to view these extracts in their proper context.
Do Financial and Trade Openness Lead to Financial Sector Development in Nigeria?
Authors: Onanuga Abayomi Toyin , Onanuga Olaronke Toyin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
With so many countries of the world now open to global capital and trade, this study identifies whether financial and trade openness contribute to the development of Nigeria’s financial system by considering both financial depth and access to finance indicators. To achieve this objective, we applied the Simultaneous Openness Hypothesis as our theoretical framework and the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) as our estimation method. Our findings reveal that opening trade while neglecting capital (vice versa) may be detrimental to the development of Nigeria financial system. In view of this evidence, we recommend that the simultaneous opening of trade and finance is a more guaranteed way of ensuring improved financial development in Nigeria.
Synthesis, crystal and electronic structure of the new sodium chain sulfido cobaltates(II), Na3CoS3 and Na5[CoS2]2(Br)
Authors: Stüble Pirmin , Kägi Jan P. , Röhr Caroline 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The sulfido cobaltate(II) Na3CoS3 was synthesized from stoichiometric quantities of Na2S, elemental cobalt and sulfur at a maximum temperature of 1100°C. According to Na3CoS3=Na12[Co2S5(S2)][Co2S3(S2)] the orthorhombic structure of a new type (space group Cmc21, a=884.24(2), b=2177.38(5), c=1193.20(3) pm, Z=12, R1=0.0205) contains two different anions: i. dimers [Co2S5(S2)]8− of two edge-sharing [CoS4] tetrahedra with five sulfido and one η
1-disulfido ligand; ii. chains

∞
1

[

Co

2

S
3

(

S
2

)
]

4
−

$_\infty ^1{[{\rm{C}}{{\rm{o}}_2}{{\rm{S}}_3}({{\rm{S}}_2})]^{4 - }}$

of [CoS4] tetrahedra connected via μ-sulfido (3×) besides μ-1,2-disulfido (1×) ligands. The second title compound, Na5[CoS2]2(Br), which has been likewise synthesized as a pure phase from stoichiometric quantities of Na2S, Co, S and NaBr, is isotypic to Na5[CoS2]2(S) (Na6PbO5 type; tetragonal, space group I4mm, a=914.58(7), c=625.59(5) pm; R1=0.0412). The structure contains linear chains

∞
1

[

CoS

4
/
2

]

2
−

$_\infty ^1{[{\rm{Co}}{{\rm{S}}_{4/2}}]^{2 - }}$

running along the tetragonal c axis. In between, Br− ions are interspersed, which are coordinated by square pyramids of Na+ ions. The isotypic hydrogensulfide Na5[CoS2]2(SH) was obtained via the addition of NaSH. Several synthetic and structural arguments suggest that Na5[CoS2]2(SH) and the previously described pure sulfide are the same compound. The results of DFT band structure calculations (GGA+U, AFM spin ordering) are used to discuss and compare the chemical bonding in the new sulfido cobaltates(II) with that of the reference compound Na2[CoS2]. They also allow for obtaining insight into the superexchange path, which is responsible for the strong antiferromagnetic Co spin ordering along the chains.
Correspondence Between Physical Self-Concept and Participation in, and Fitness Change After, Biweekly Body Conditioning Classes in Sedentary Women
Authors: Aasa Ulrika , Paulin Johan , Madison Guy 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Aasa, U, Paulin, J, and Madison, G. Correspondence between physical self-concept and participation in, and fitness change after, biweekly body conditioning classes in sedentary women. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 451–461, 2017—The aims of the study were (a) to investigate the effects of participation in low impact body conditioning classes on physical fitness in sedentary women at different ages and (b) to examine the correspondence between physical self-concept and participation in, and fitness change after, the participation. Ninety-two sedentary women (mean age 44.2 years) participated in 11 weeks of biweekly classes that included cardiovascular, strength, core, endurance, and mobility exercises, all performed in synchrony with music. Cardiorespiratory fitness, maximal lifting strength, mobility, and balance tests were performed before and after the exercise period and the short-form of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ-S) was completed. Zero-order Spearman correlation analyses showed that women who rated the PSDQ-S dimension sport competence higher participated in a larger number of sessions (r
s = 0.24, p = 0.040). At posttests, all participants had increased their balance, the participants aged 20–34 years had increased their lifting strength, and the participants aged 35–65 years had increased their cardiorespiratory fitness and mobility. Most PSDQ-S dimensions did not affect performance change, but the perception of being physically active was related to increased cardiovascular fitness. We conclude that women with a sedentary lifestyle who wish to increase their physical capacity benefit from music exercise and that inquiries about perceived sport competence and physical activity can improve recommendations made by strength and conditioning professionals.