bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and reproduction of sporocysts of Leucochloridium paradoxum (Trematoda)
Authors: Ataev Gennady L. , Usmanova Regina R. , Vinogradova Anna A. , Prokhorova Elena E. , Tokmakova Arina S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe studied the development of sporocysts of the trematode Leucochloridium paradoxum. For this purpose, their life cycle was traced experimentally. Eggs obtained from adult trematodes raised in chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) were used to infect snails (Succinea putris, laboratory strain). Histological studies of sporocysts were conducted for 95 days after exposure. During this time, the embryos of sporocysts developed into a small stolon filled with numerous metacercarial embryos. We found that miracidia hatched in the stomach and in the proximal part of the snail's midgut. After the larvae migrated into the area of the hepatopancreas, their body was destroyed, and germinal cells were released. They cleaved to form the embryos of sporocysts, in which only metacercarial embryos developed. Our study showed that these trematodes lack the parasitic phase of the mother sporocyst and have only one generation of parthenitae, the daughter sporocysts.
Expert opinion on design and endpoints for studies on catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lewalter Thorsten , Blomström‐Lundqvist Carina , Lakkireddy Dhanunjaya , Packer Douglas , Meyer Ralf , Kuniss Malte , Ladwig Karl‐H. , Jilek Clemens , Diener Hans‐C. , Boriani Giuseppe , Turakhia Mintu P. , Schneider Steffen , Svennberg Emma , Albers Bert , Andrade Jason G. , de Melis Mirko , Brachmann Johannes 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionCatheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is frequently studied in randomized trials, observational and registry studies. The aim of this expert opinion is to provide guidance for clinicians and industry regarding the development of future clinical studies on catheter ablation of AF, implement lessons learned from previous studies, and promote a higher degree of consistency across studies.BackgroundStudies on catheter ablation of AF may benefit from well‐described definitions of endpoints and consistent methodology and documentation of outcomes related to efficacy, safety and cost‐effectiveness. The availably of new, innovative technologies warrants further consideration about their application and impact on study design and the choice of endpoints. Moreover, recent insights gained from AF ablation studies suggest a reconsideration of some methodological aspects.MethodsA panel of clinical experts on catheter ablation of AF and designing and conducting clinical studies developed an expert opinion on the design and endpoints for studies on catheter ablation of AF. Discussions within the expert panel with the aim to reach consensus on predefined topics were based on outcomes reported in the literature and experiences from recent clinical trials.ResultsA comprehensive set of recommendations is presented. Key elements include the documentation of clinical AF, medication during the study, repeated ablations and their effect on endpoint assessments, postablation blanking and the choice of rhythm‐related and other endpoints.ConclusionThis expert opinion provides guidance and promotes consistency regarding design of AF catheter ablation studies and identified aspects requiring further research to optimize study design and methodology.CONDENSED ABSTRACTRecent insights from studies on catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the availability of new innovative technologies warrant reconsideration of methodological aspects related to study design and the choice and assessment of endpoints. This expert opinion, developed by clinical experts on catheter ablation of AF provides a comprehensive set of recommendations related to these methodological aspects. The aim of this expert opinion is to provide guidance for clinicians and industry regarding the development of clinical studies, implement lessons learned from previous studies, and promote a higher degree of consistency across studies.
Is Starch Intake Associated With Periodontal Status? An 11‐Year Longitudinal Analysis Among Finnish Adults
Authors: Jangda F. H. , Suominen A. L. , Lundqvist A. , Männistö S. , Golkari A. , Bernabé E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo evaluate the association between baseline starch intake (amount and sources) and changes in periodontal status over 11 years in adults.MethodsAdults aged 30–82 years, who participated in the Finnish Health 2000 survey and were re‐examined in 2004/2005 and/or 2011 were included in the study. The consumption of total starch and six relevant food groups (potatoes, fried potatoes, roots and tubers, pasta, wholegrains and legumes) over the past year was determined at baseline with a validated food frequency questionnaire. The number of teeth with periodontal pocketing ≥ 4 mm (NTPP) was recorded during clinical examinations in 2000, 2004/2005 and 2011. The association between baseline starch intake and the 11‐year change in the NTPP was tested in mixed‐effects negative binomial regression models, adjusting for covariates.ResultsA total of 1369 adults were included in the analysis. The mean NTPP was 4.1 ± 5.6, 6.3 ± 5.6, and 4.8 ± 5.9 in waves 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Baseline starch intake (in g/day or % energy intake) was not associated with changes in the NTPP after adjustment for covariates. In analysis by food groups, the baseline intake of wholegrains was negatively associated with the NTPP at baseline.ConclusionThis study found no evidence of an association between baseline starch intake and changes in periodontal status. Baseline intake of wholegrains was associated with better periodontal status at baseline.
Breastfeeding health literacy scale for pregnant women: A scale development study
Authors: Ozkan Asibe , Aktas Eda , Dissiz Melike , Acar Zehra , Karakoç Bahar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRationale, Aims, and ObjectiveBreastfeeding provides optimal nutrition for infants, and health literacy significantly influences breastfeeding rates. This study aimed to develop a tool to assess the breastfeeding health literacy levels of pregnant women.MethodsThis methodologically structured study was conducted with 590 pregnant women who visited the pregnancy follow‐up clinic between January and April 2024 and met the sampling criteria. Data were collected using a participant form and the Health Literacy Scale for Breastfeeding for Pregnant Women (BFHLS). To assess the BFHLS validity, the content validity index (CVI) and factor analysis were used, while the reliability was evaluated using the test–retest method, item‐total score correlation, and Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient.ResultsThe BFHLS for pregnant women is structured into four dimensions, comprising 25 items. To assess the scale's stability, test–retest measurements were conducted with a minimum interval of 2 weeks, revealing no significant difference in mean scores (p > 0.05). The CVI for each item was 99%. The corrected item‐total correlations ranged from 0.48 to 0.92, and Cronbach's alpha value was determined to be 0.96.ConclusionThe BFHLS developed for pregnant women is a valid and reliable tool. Higher scores on the scale indicate a greater level of breastfeeding health literacy in pregnant women. This scale can effectively be used to assess the breastfeeding health literacy levels of pregnant women.
Burnout in healthcare workers: The effect of stress of conscience
Authors: Arslanoğlu Ali , İbrahimoğlu Özlem , Mersin Sevinç , Ergül Seçil , Yavuz Ayşe Esra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThe stress of conscience occurs in stressful situations that are often encountered in healthcare, leading to an uncomfortable conscience in healthcare workers. They may not be able to control their emotions and feel burnout. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of stress of conscience on burnout in healthcare workers.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed with 602 healthcare workers between November 2020 and January 2021 in Turkey. Data were collected using a sociodemographic form, Stress of Conscience Scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory.ResultsA positive and high‐level relationship was found between the stress of conscience and burnout (r = 0.603, p < 0.001). The stress of conscience accounted for 36% of burnout. Also, female healthcare workers have high stress of conscience and burnout scores.ConclusionThis study is important in terms of realising the stress and burnout of healthcare workers and for health managers to recognise the stress types of their workers. The increase in the level of burnout of healthcare workers is associated with their stress of conscience. Using the results of this study, national and international consensus can be obtained to reduce the impact of the stress of conscience on healthcare workers.
Initiating an Insulin Safety Campaign to reduce the incidence of glycemic harm events for hospitalized adults 65 and older
Authors: Cohen Michelle , de Grandpre Kristen , Herlihy William M. , Cooper Lise 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDuring calendar years 2021 through 2023, our health system admitted 200,837 persons 18 years and older with diabetes, of which 61% (n = 123,393) were 65 years and older with orders for insulin administration. The incidence of diabetes among hospitalized persons 65 and older continues to increase in the United States, with 24 million adults 65 and older with diabetes reported in 2020. Insulin, a high‐risk medication, has the potential for adverse drug events, which can cause significant harm to patients, potentially resulting in death. With the 2023 initiation of voluntary electronic clinical quality measures reporting for severe glycemic harm events from the Centers for Medicare Services, the study team saw an opportunity to evaluate and standardize insulin‐related practices across the system.MethodsWe implemented an Insulin Safety Campaign (ISC), to review, evaluate, and standardize insulin‐related processes across our health system. The primary goal was to reduce severe glycemic harm events system‐wide. Insulin‐related practices were reviewed for best practice alignment and standardized. Outcomes were measured according to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' electronic clinical quality measures reporting guidelines.ResultsComparing pre‐and post‐implementation results, all five medical centers achieved statistically significant reductions in sever hyper‐ and hypoglycemic harm events.ConclusionsThrough a collaborative effort, we were able to identify, address, and reduce insulin‐related process variabilities through standardization, reducing the percentage of severe glycemic harm events and improving blood glucose management in our hospitalized persons 65 and older.
‘I Was too Tired to Show Compassion’: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study on the Lived Compassion Fatigue Experiences of Nurses Working in Acute Inpatient Psychiatric Units
Authors: Pehlivan Saribudak Tuğba , Çalişkan Behice Belkıs 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionPsychiatric nurses are at risk of experiencing compassion fatigue. Despite the economic, emotional and physical effects of compassion fatigue, it has not been sufficiently investigated in the field of psychiatric nursing, and the lived experiences of compassion fatigue, in particular, require further investigation using qualitative methods.AimThe aim of this study was to examine the lived compassion fatigue experiences of nurses working in psychiatric clinics using a phenomenological approach.MethodThe study was conducted between December 2023 and February 2024 with 22 psychiatric nurses working in acute psychiatric clinics. Data were collected through individual, in‐depth interviews, and analysed using Collaizi's seven‐step descriptive analysis approach.ResultsData analysis revealed four main themes and eight subthemes: (1) being a psychiatric nurse (multifaceted role and benefits), (2) tiredness (from traumatic effects to depersonalisation and emotional isolation), (3) causes of compassion fatigue (patient derived, system and working environment derived) and (4) coping methods (individual and expectations).DiscussionDue to difficult patient profiles and adverse working conditions, psychiatric nurses experience compassion fatigue and may become desensitised to patient needs over time.Implications for PracticeInstitutional support in the form of training for nurses on recognising and coping with compassion fatigue, as well as a safe and workload‐balanced working environment, is essential.
How many days are enough? Sleep–wake timing regularity and fragmentation scores change with the number of days included
Authors: Lok Renske , Suh Sooyeon , Rue Stella , Weed Lara , Zeitzer Jamie M. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe duration of sleep data collection from actigraphy is often influenced by practical factors (e.g. workdays versus non‐workdays), but the impact of the variation of duration on outcome measures of interest has not been well explored. This study investigates the effect of the duration of actigraphy measurement on non‐parametric measures of 24‐hr sleep–wake rhythms. We examined regularity inter‐daily stability and fragmentation intra‐daily variation over 14 days or the first 7 days in participants (n = 41) undergoing evaluation for sleep disorders. Bland–Altman plots assessed the impact of fewer than 14 or 7 days, respectively, on inter‐daily stability and intra‐daily variation scores. Intra‐daily variation values were also calculated for each day and compared with the 14‐day intra‐daily variation. Compared with the entire 14‐day period, using shorter durations (< 7 days) led to a higher estimated bias and increased variance in the limits of agreement for inter‐daily stability. Intra‐daily variation values showed increased variation in the limits of agreement with fewer days. Similar trends were observed when comparing shorter actigraphy periods 3 or 5 days–7 days. Daily intra‐daily variation calculations indicate that individuals with higher daily fragmentation experienced more pronounced day‐to‐day fragmentation and greater variability in the degree of fragmentation, in a linear association between daily intra‐daily variation standard deviation and 14‐day intra‐daily variation values. Our data indicate that a minimum of 7 full days of actigraphy is recommended to reduce measurement errors, and intra‐daily variation and inter‐daily stability derived from less than 7 days cannot be compared with those from more than 7 days without significant error.
Selective processing of clinical information related to correct and incorrect diagnoses: An eye‐tracking experiment
Authors: Staal Justine , Alsma Jelmer , Van der Geest Jos , Mamede Sílvia , Jansen Els , Frens Maarten A. , Van den Broek Walter W. , Zwaan Laura 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionDiagnostic errors are often attributed to erroneous selection and interpretation of patients' clinical information, due to either cognitive biases or knowledge deficits. However, whether the selection or processing of clinical information differs between correct and incorrect diagnoses in written clinical cases remains unclear. We hypothesised that residents would spend more time processing clinical information that was relevant to their final diagnosis, regardless of whether their diagnosis was correct.MethodsIn this within‐subjects eye‐tracking experiment, 19 internal or emergency medicine residents diagnosed 12 written cases. Half the cases contained a correct diagnostic suggestion and the others an incorrect suggestion. We measured how often (i.e. number of fixations) and how long (i.e. dwell time) residents attended to clinical information relevant for either suggestion. Additionally, we measured confidence and time to diagnose in each case.ResultsResidents looked longer and more often at clinical information relevant for the correct diagnostic suggestion if they received an incorrect suggestion and were able to revise this suggestion to the correct diagnosis (dwell time: M: 6.3 seconds, SD: 5.1 seconds; compared to an average of 4 seconds in other conditions; number of fixations: M: 25 fixations, SD: 20; compared to an average of 16–17 fixations). Accordingly, time to diagnose was longer in cases with an incorrect diagnostic suggestion (M: 86 seconds, SD: 47 seconds; compared to an average of 70 seconds in other conditions). Confidence (range: 64%–67%) did not differ depending on residents' accuracy or the diagnostic suggestion.DiscussionSelectivity in information processing was not directly associated with an increase in diagnostic errors but rather seemed related to recognising and revising a biased suggestion in favour of the correct diagnosis. This could indicate an important role for case‐specific knowledge in avoiding biases and diagnostic errors. Future research should examine information processing for other types of clinical information.
Ecotypic Variation in Leaf Thermoregulation and Heat Tolerance but Not Thermal Safety Margins in Tropical Trees
Authors: Middleby Kali B. , Cheesman Alexander W. , Hopkinson Richard , Baker Leesa , Ramirez Garavito Sebastian , Breed Martin F. , Cernusak Lucas A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTTo avoid reaching lethal temperatures during periods of heat stress, plants may acclimate either their biochemical thermal tolerance or leaf morphological and physiological characteristics to reduce leaf temperature (Tleaf). While plants from warmer environments may have a greater capacity to regulate Tleaf, the extent of intraspecific variation and contribution of provenance is relatively unexplored. We tested whether upland and lowland provenances of four tropical tree species grown in a common garden differed in their thermal safety margins by measuring leaf thermal traits, midday leaf‐to‐air temperature differences (∆Tleaf) and critical leaf temperatures defined by chlorophyll fluorescence (Tcrit). Provenance variation was species‐ and trait‐specific. Higher ∆Tleaf and Tcrit were observed in the lowland provenance for Terminalia microcarpa, and in the upland provenance for Castanospermum australe, with no provenance effects in the other two species. Within‐species covariation of Tcrit and ∆Tleaf led to a convergence of thermal safety margins across provenances. While future studies should expand the number of provenances and species investigated, our findings suggest that lowland and upland provenances may not differ substantially in their vulnerability to heat stress, as determined by thermal safety margins, despite differences in operating temperatures and Tcrit.
From Kandahar to bride: Protesters’ critique of the media's portrayal of Tripoli during Lebanon's 2019 October Uprising
Authors: Rønn Anne Kirstine 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDuring the Lebanese 2019 uprising, the country's second‐largest city, Tripoli, became portrayed as the “bride of the revolution.” This portrayal was seen to break with the city's former stigma as a hotbed of extremism. However, as this article shows, local protesters were not unambiguously happy with this portrayal. Based on interviews with 30 protesters and fieldwork observations, the article seeks to understand the critical views of this narrative. It shows that there was a widespread perception among Tripoli protesters that the narrative of their city as the “bride of the revolution,” as presented by the media, represented a distorted image that romanticized, depoliticized, and de‐contextualized the uprising. This narrative was believed to serve a political purpose. These findings provide two main contributions to scholarly debates concerning identity narratives and the role of media for social movements in societies like Lebanon, characterized by hybrid regimes and a complex media‐politics nexus. First, it points to the complexity of breaking stigma and changing geography‐based identities. Second, it shows how the political ownership of media fuels the understanding of media frames as being politically motivated, even when they seem sympathetic to protests.
Effects of Lipophilic Statins on Cell Viability and Tissue Factor Expression in Canine Haemangiosarcoma Cells
Authors: Kobayashi Kosuke , Murakami Kohei , Baba Kenji 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTCanine haemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a highly aggressive cancer often associated with coagulation abnormalities. Statins, inhibitors of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐CoA reductase (HMGCR) clinically prescribed for hypercholesterolemia, are also believed to possess antitumour and anticoagulant properties by inhibiting downstream Akt activation. Akt phosphorylation is involved in the mechanism of the antitumour and tissue factor (TF)‐lowering effects of statins. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether statins could inhibit cell viability while concurrently inducing anticoagulant properties by regulating the expression of TFs in canine HSA cells. Using reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), we initially exclusively detected HMGCR mRNA expression in canine HSA tissues and cell lines but not in normal cephalic vein and spleen tissues. Moreover, treatment with lipophilic statins, including atorvastatin, fluvastatin, and simvastatin, inhibited cell viability in a concentration‐dependent manner and decreased TF expression both at the mRNA and protein levels, as evidenced by cell viability assays, RT‐qPCR, and immunoblotting, respectively. Further investigation using cell viability assays and flow cytometry revealed that simvastatin decreased Akt phosphorylation, and MK‐2206, a specific Akt inhibitor, mirrored the effect of simvastatin on cell viability and cell cycle arrest. However, MK‐2206 exhibited different effects on TF expression depending on the cell type, indicating that Akt phosphorylation may not consistently regulate TF expression. Overall, this study provides insights into the potential therapeutic use of statins in targeting tumour growth and coagulation abnormalities in canine HSA. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clinical applications of statins in canine HSA treatment.
Rational points on complete intersections of cubic and quadric hypersurfaces over Fq(t)$\mathbb {F}_q(t)$
Authors: Glas Jakob 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsing a two‐dimensional version of the delta method, we establish an asymptotic formula for the number of rational points of bounded height on non‐singular complete intersections of cubic and quadric hypersurfaces of dimension at least 23 over , provided . Under the same hypotheses, we also verify weak approximation.
Asymmetric distribution of extreme values of cubic L$L$‐functions at s=1$s=1$
Authors: Darbar Pranendu , David Chantal , Lalin Matilde , Lumley Allysa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe investigate the distribution of values of cubic Dirichlet ‐functions at . Following ideas of Granville and Soundararajan for quadratic ‐functions, we model the distribution of by the distribution of random Euler products for certain family of random variables attached to each prime. We obtain a description of the proportion of that is larger or that is smaller than a given bound, and yield more light into the Littlewood bounds. Unlike the quadratic case, there is an asymmetry between lower and upper bounds for the cubic case, and small values are less probable than large values.