bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Relations of Economic Hardship and Effortful Control to Active Coping in Latino Youth
Authors: Taylor Zoe E. , Widaman Keith F. , Robins Richard W. 
Published: August 2017

How Latino youth cope with stressors may have implications for their adjustment. We examined how a temperamental characteristic (effortful control) and a contextual factor (economic hardship) were associated with Latino youth's coping. Individual differences in effortful control, a core facet of self‐regulation, may contribute to coping as effortful control is consistently linked to adaptive behaviors during adolescence. We examined relations of effortful control and economic hardship to active coping in a sample of Mexican‐origin youth (N = 674) across three time points (fifth to ninth grades). Although economic hardship negatively predicted coping and effortful control, effortful control positively predicted coping (controlling for prior levels). Findings support a resilience perspective by suggesting that effortful control may contribute to coping and thus counteract the negative effects of economic hardship.
The short‐term impact of the catheter ablation on noninvasive autonomic nervous system parameters in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kuyumcu Mevlut Serdar , Ozeke Ozcan , Cay Serkan , Ozcan Fırat , Bayraktar Muhammed Fatih , Kara Meryem , Vicdan Murat , Acar Burak , Aydogdu Sinan , Topaloglu Serkan , Aras Dursun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a potentially potent modulator of the initiation and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation (AF), whereas the presence of AF can activate and alter the ANS. The catheter ablation of AF (AFCA) may cause the cardiac ANS dysfunction, whereas restoration of sinus rhythm or sympathovagal imbalance by AFCA can reverse this process. Our principal goal was to investigate the short‐term effect of AFCA on ANS functions evaluated by noninvasive chronotropic (CI), resting heart rate (RHR), and heart rate recovery (HRR) indices.MethodA total of 45 patients were enrolled with symptomatic, drug refractory paroxysmal AF undergoing first cryoballoon (CB) pulmonary vein antrum isolation (PVAI) with one 28‐mm CB using single 3‐minute freeze techniques without bonus applications. All patients underwent symptom‐limited exercise treadmill testing to evaluate noninvasive parameters of ANS before PVAI. For those patients who remained in sinus rhythm, an additional exercise test was repeated after 1 and 3 months after discharge.ResultsThe autonomic CI and RHR/HRR indices were impaired after PVAI and persisted post‐PVAI 3 months. However, these parameters were not different in patients with and without recurrence.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the successful AFCA might concurrently impair the ANS parameters. The autonomic imbalance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic activity after AFCA could either become antiarrhythmic and/or proarrhythmic based on which of the two components was going to prevail after successful AFCA. The impaired ANS balance after PVAI might also be another hypothetical mechanism for AF recurrence particularly in the absence of PV reconnection.
Technology and the dynamics of comparative advantage
Authors: Navas Antonio 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper explores how trade affects innovation in a two‐country, two‐good, two‐factor Heckscher–Ohlin model with heterogeneous firms. Trade openness induces an increase in process innovation in both industries. The increase is stronger in the comparative advantage industry. Trade openness boosts prospective entrants' profits in that industry, which leads to further increases in product innovation. Trade liberalization generates a different relative impact on innovation across industries, depending on trade costs. When they are high (low), it increases process innovation relatively more in the comparative advantage (disadvantage) industry, leading to TFP divergence (convergence) across industries.
Research Funding and Performance of Academic Researchers in South Korea
Authors: Doh Soogwan , Jang Duckhee , Kang Gil‐Mo , Han Dong‐Seong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study seeks to empirically examine the impact of research funding for academic researchers on their research performance in the areas of natural science, engineering, agriculture and fishery science, and medicine and pharmacology in South Korea. Specifically, this study analyzed the research performance of 32,064 academic researchers based on their patent applications, patent registrations, and research articles published in academic journals in the year 2010. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis showed that various forms of research funding have a significant effect on their research performance. The results of this study also showed that the attributes of academic researchers, such as gender, age, where their PhD was completed, and major, have an influence on their research performance.
Genetic analyses reveal cryptic diversity in the native North American fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Solenopsis)
Authors: CHIALVO PABLO , GOTZEK DIETRICH A. , SHOEMAKER DEWAYNE , ROSS KENNETH G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe native North American fire ants (Solenopsis Westwood) comprise a difficult group taxonomically that has undergone multiple revisions in the past century yet remains in a state of taxonomic uncertainty. In the present study, we utilised a set of 59 microsatellite markers analysed in 238 specimens to conduct the first robust genetic analysis of the four nominal species. Our approach used a variety of methods to test operational criteria commonly employed in species delimitation, including genotypic clustering, reproductive isolation/cohesion and monophyly. We conclude from our results that the recognised North American fire ant species represent evolutionarily independent entities and, moreover, we confirm the presumed sister status of the desert fire ants, S. aurea Wheeler and S. amblychila Wheeler. However, the presence of at least two genetically divergent populations within the nominal species boundaries, including a western form of S. xyloni and a distinct population of S. aurea endemic to the Salton Trough, suggests that the current taxonomy does not fully capture the species‐level diversity in this group. Our study provides the molecular foundation for future integrated studies of the taxonomy and evolution of this scientifically and economically important group of insects.
After neoliberalisation? Monetary indiscipline, crisis and the state
Authors: Green Jeremy , Lavery Scott 
Published: August 2017

Across the advanced capitalist states, the post‐crisis conjuncture has been characterised by both marked continuity and profound change. While regressive distributional trends in place before the 2008 crisis have intensified, a number of highly unorthodox policy interventions have also emerged. In particular, a new regime of “loose” monetary policy has crystallised, exemplified by record low interest rates and sustained programmes of quantitative easing. Existing approaches within economic geography are, we contend, ill‐equipped to deal with these transformations. Engaging with the “variegated neoliberalisation approach” – associated with Jamie Peck and his collaborators – the article argues that existing conceptualisations of neoliberalisation understate the key significance that central state institutions play in securing advanced capitalist development. They therefore miss the key role that monetary indiscipline has played in sustaining capitalist development since 2008. This argument is substantiated empirically through a case study of state intervention in the UK housing market in the post‐crisis conjuncture. Focusing on the Help to Buy Scheme and the buy‐to‐let market, the article argues that the UK's loose monetary policy regime has produced novel patterns of spatial divergence across the UK regions while simultaneously consolidating the UK's dysfunctional financialised model of capitalism.
An empirical analysis of the Renminbi: Exchange rates and cross‐border trade settlement
Authors: Huo Weidong , Deng Fuhua , Chen Jiandong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe introduce a gravity model to the currency choice for cross‐border trade settlement and the Heckman selection model to estimate the impact of the exchange rate on the cross‐border trade settlement of the Renminbi (RMB). We analyse bilateral exchange rates using panel data of China and 182 RMB settlement countries, or areas, from 2009 to 2014. We find that, regardless the choice stage or scale stage of RMB cross‐border trade settlement, the appreciation of the RMB does not necessarily promote RMB cross‐border trade settlement. This result holds when we take geographic differences into account and split the settlement of cross‐border trade into merchandise and service trade. We further investigate the channels through which exchange rate influences the cross‐border trade settlement of RMB, and we find that the appreciation of RMB impedes enterprises from choosing RMB as their settlement currency by reducing the scale of export to RMB settlement areas, whereas it speeds up RMB cross‐border trade settlement by increasing the scale of China's import from RMB settlement areas. We find that China's economic strength supports the development of RMB cross‐border trade settlement. However, the geographical distance between China and the RMB settlement areas may inhibit cross‐border trade settlement in RMB.
In Vitro
Activities of Luliconazole, Lanoconazole, and Efinaconazole Compared with Those of Five Antifungal Drugs against Melanized Fungi and Relatives
Authors: Shokoohi Gholam Reza , Badali Hamid , Mirhendi Hossein , Ansari Saham , Rezaei-Matehkolaei Ali , Ahmadi Bahram , Vaezi Afsane , Alshahni Mohamed Mahdi , Makimura Koichi 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

The
in vitro
activities of novel azoles compared to those of five antifungal drugs against clinical (
n
= 28) and environmental (
n
= 102) isolates of black mold and melanized yeast were determined. Luliconazole and lanoconazole had the lowest geometric mean MICs, followed by efinaconazole, against tested isolates compared to the other drugs. Therefore, it appears that these new imidazole and triazole drugs are promising candidates for the treatment of infections due to melanized fungi and their relatives.
Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in rural southern China: the Yangxi Eye Study
Authors: Jin Guangming , Ding Xiaohu , Xiao Wei , Xu Xiao , Wang Lanhua , Han Xiaotong , Xiao Ou , Liu Ran , Wang Wei , Yan William , An Lei , Zhao Jialiang , He Mingguang 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo describe the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among older adults in rural southern mainland China.MethodsEligible persons aged 50 years or over were identified by geographically defined cluster sampling from Yangxi County, Guangdong Province, China. Participants underwent a standardised interview and comprehensive eye examinations from August to November in 2014. Digital retinal photographs were graded for AMD lesions using the Clinical Classification of Age-Related Macular Degeneration developed by the Beckman Initiative for Macular Research Classification Committee. Age-standardised prevalence of AMD and AMD lesions was calculated using the 2010 world population data and compared with those of other populations.ResultsOf 5825 subjects who participated (90.7% response rate), 4881 (83.8%) had fundus photographs gradable for AMD. Early, intermediate and late AMD were present in 2003 (41.0%), 879 (18.0%) and 42 (0.86%) participants. The age-standardised prevalence of early, intermediate and late AMD was 40.4% (95% CI 39.6% to 41.2%), 17.6% (95% CI 17.0% to 18.2%) and 0.79% (95% CI 0.65% to 0.95%), respectively. Total AMD was more prevalent in men than in women (62.8% vs 57.1%).ConclusionsAMD is an important public health concern for rural southern China, and the prevalence of AMD was higher in men than in women.
Holistic needs assessment and care plans for women with gynaecological cancer: do they improve cancer-specific health-related quality of life? A randomised controlled trial using mixed methods
Authors: Sandsund Catherine , Towers Richard , Thomas Karen , Tigue Ruth , Lalji Amyn , Fernandes Andreia , Doyle Natalie , Jordan Jake , Gage Heather , Shaw Clare 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesHolistic needs assessment (HNA) and care planning are proposed to address unmet needs of people treated for cancer. We tested whether HNA and care planning by an allied health professional improved cancer-specific quality of life for women following curative treatment for stage I–III gynaecological cancer.MethodsConsecutive women were invited to participate in a randomised controlled study (HNA and care planning vs usual care) at a UK cancer centre. Data were collected by questionnaire at baseline, 3 and 6 months. The outcomes were 6-month change in European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (version 3), global score (primary) and, in EORTC subscales, generic quality of life and self-efficacy (secondary). The study was blinded for data management and analysis. Differences in outcomes were compared between groups. Health service utilisation and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) (from Short Form-6) were gathered for a cost-effectiveness analysis. Thematic analysis was used to interpret data from an exit interview.Results150 women consented (75 per group); 10 undertook interviews. For 124 participants (61 intervention, 63 controls) with complete data, no statistically significant differences were seen between groups in the primary endpoint. The majority of those interviewed reported important personal gains they attributed to the intervention, which reflected trends to improvement seen in EORTC functional and symptom scales. Economic analysis suggests a 62% probability of cost-effectiveness at a £30 000/QALY threshold.ConclusionCare plan development with an allied health professional is cost-effective, acceptable and useful for some women treated for stage I–III gynaecological cancer. We recommend its introduction early in the pathway to support person-centred care.
A multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for cancer cachexia improves quality of life
Authors: Parmar Monica P , Vanderbyl Brandy L , Kanbalian Mary , Windholz Tamara Y , Tran Anh-Thi , Jagoe R Thomas 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesPatients with cancer cachexia have severely impaired quality of life (QoL). Multidisciplinary, multimodal treatment approaches have potential for stabilising weight and correcting other features of this syndrome, but the impact on QoL is unknown.MethodsA retrospective analysis of QoL in patients with advanced cancer, referred for the management of cachexia by a specialised multidisciplinary clinic (The McGill Cancer Nutrition Rehabilitation Program clinic at the Jewish General Hospital (CNR-JGH)). QoL was assessed at visits 1–3 using a dedicated QoL tool for cachexia, and the change in QoL was calculated for each patient. The correlation between clinical features and QoL at baseline and subsequent change in QoL was analysed, to determine what factors predict improvements in QoL during the CNR-JGH intervention.Results374 patients assessed at visit 1 with mean weight loss of 10.2% over the preceding 6 months. Baseline QoL scores were severely impaired but clinically important improvements were observed over visits 1–3 to the CNR-JGH clinic. Improvements in QoL were not determined by baseline characteristics and were similar in all patient subgroups. However, those patients who gained weight and increased their 6 min walk test (6MWT) had the greatest improvements in QoL.ConclusionsImproving management of all facets of the cancer cachexia syndrome, including poor QoL, remains a priority. The multimodal approach to management of cancer cachexia offered by the CNR-JGH results in clinically important improvements in QoL. All patients who are able to receive this type of intervention have similar potential to improve their QoL, but the greatest benefits are seen in those who gain weight and improve their 6MWT.
Association between chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and cardiovascular risk
Authors: Baena-Díez Jose Miguel , Garcia-Gil Maria , Comas-Cufí Marc , Ramos Rafel , Prieto-Alhambra Daniel , Salvador-González Betlem , Elosua Roberto , Dégano Irene R , Peñafiel Judith , Grau María 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo examine the association between chronic immune-mediated diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus or the following chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diagnoses groups: inflammatory bowel diseases, inflammatory polyarthropathies, systemic connective tissue disorders and spondylopathies) and the 6-year coronary artery disease, stroke, cardiovascular disease incidence and overall mortality; and to estimate the population attributable fractions for all four end-points for each chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease.MethodsCohort study of individuals aged 35–85 years, with no history of cardiovascular disease from Catalonia (Spain). The coded diagnoses of chronic immune-mediated diseases and cardiovascular diseases were ascertained and registered using validated codes, and date of death was obtained from administrative data. Cox regression models for each outcome according to exposure were fitted to estimate HRs in two models
1
: after adjustment for sex, age, cardiovascular risk factors and
2
further adjusted for drug use. Population attributable fractions were estimated for each exposure.ResultsData were collected from 991 546 participants. The risk of cardiovascular disease was increased in systemic connective tissue disorders (model 1: HR=1.38 (95% CI 1.21 to 1.57) and model 2: HR=1.31 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.49)), rheumatoid arthritis (HR=1.43 (95% CI 1.26 to 1.62) and HR=1.31 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.49)) and inflammatory bowel diseases (HR=1.18 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.32) and HR=1.12 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.25)). The effect of anti-inflammatory treatment was significant in all instances (HR=1.50 (95% CI 1.24 to 1.81); HR=1.47 (95% CI 1.23 to 1.75); HR=1.43 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.73), respectively). The population attributable fractions for all three disorders were 13.4%, 15.7% and 10.7%, respectively.ConclusionSystemic connective tissue disorders and rheumatoid arthritis conferred the highest cardiovascular risk and population impact, followed by inflammatory bowel diseases.
Effectiveness of a nationwide intervention to increase helmet use in Dutch skiers and snowboarders: an observational cohort study
Authors: Vriend Ingrid , Hesselink Arlette , Kemler Ellen , Gouttebarge Vincent , van Mechelen Willem , Verhagen Evert 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveHelmet use in Dutch recreational skiers and snowboarders (DRSS) remains low. This study evaluated the effects of exposure to a nationwide intervention on relevant determinants of helmet use and helmet use in DRSS.MethodsThe intervention mapping protocol was used to develop an in-season intervention programme targeted at adult DRSS. A prospective single-cohort study was conducted to evaluate the impact of intervention exposure on determinants of helmet use (ie, knowledge about head injury risk and preventive measures, risk perception, attitudes to head injury risk and helmet use and intention to helmet use) and self-reported helmet use. A random sample of 363 DRSS from an existing panel participated in this study. Data were collected using online questionnaires before and immediately after the 2010/2011 intervention season. In a separate sample of 363 DRSS, intervention reach was assessed after the 2010/2011 season.ResultsOverall, no significant associations were found between intervention exposure and the determinants of helmet use. However, subgroup analyses revealed intervention effects on risk perception and knowledge in specific subpopulations. Intervention exposure had a significant, positive effect on helmet use in DRSS (β=0.23; 95% CI 0.017 to 0.44). Subgroup analyses revealed that this effect was found in: (1) skiers, (2) female DRSS, (3) young skiers and (4) intermediate skiers. Overall, intervention reach was 28.1%, with differences found between skiers and snowboarders.ConclusionsExposure to a nationwide intervention programme was associated with increased self-reported helmet use in DRSS. Differences were found in intervention effectiveness and reach between subpopulations. These differences must be taken into account when developing and evaluating future interventions.
Pitfalls in the management of peripheral vascular injuries
Authors: Feliciano David V 
Published: August 2017

Over the past 65+ years, most civilian peripheral vascular injuries have been managed by trauma surgeons with training or experience in vascular repair or ligation. This is appropriate as the in-hospital trauma team is immediately available, and there are often other injuries present in the victim.The pitfall to avoid during evaluation of the patient in the emergency center is a missed diagnosis. In the patient without ‘hard’ signs of a peripheral vascular injury, a careful history (bleeding), physical examination including measurement of ankle–brachial (ABI) or brachial–brachial index and liberal use of CT arteriography depending on an ABI <0.9 should essentially make the diagnosis if an arterial injury is present.At operation, one pitfall is to limit skin preparation and draping, thereby eliminating the option of removing the greater saphenous vein if needed as a conduit from either the groin or ankle of an uninjured lower extremity. Another pitfall is to make a full longitudinal incision directly over a large pulsatile hematoma. Rather, separate shorter longitudinal incisions should be made to obtain proximal and distal vascular control before entering the hematoma. The failure to recognize patients who should be managed initially with insertion of a temporary intraluminal shunt is a major pitfall as well. Not following time-proven and results-proven ‘fine techniques’ of operative repair is another major pitfall. Such techniques include the following: use of small angioaccess vascular clamps or silastic vessel loops; passage of proximal and distal Fogarty catheters; administration of regional or systemic heparin during complex repairs; an open anastomosis technique; and completion arteriography after a complex arterial repair in a lower extremity.Avoiding pitfalls should allow for success in peripheral vascular repair, particularly since most patients are young with non-diseased vessels.