bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Society for Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC) flow cytometry shared resource laboratory (SRL) best practices
Authors: Barsky Lora W. , Black Michele , Cochran Matthew , Daniel Benjamin J. , Davies Derek , DeLay Monica , Gardner Rui , Gregory Michael , Kunkel Desiree , Lannigan Joanne , Marvin James , Salomon Robert , Torres Carina , Walker Rachael 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this document is to define minimal standards for a flow cytometry shared resource laboratory (SRL) and provide guidance for best practices in several important areas. This effort is driven by the desire of International Society for the Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC) members in SRLs to define and maintain standards of excellence in flow cytometry, and act as a repository for key elements of this information (e.g. example SOPs/training material, etc.). These best practices are not intended to define specifically how to implement these recommendations, but rather to establish minimal goals for an SRL to address in order to achieve excellence. It is hoped that once these best practices are established and implemented they will serve as a template from which similar practices can be defined for other types of SRLs. Identification of the need for best practices first occurred through discussions at the CYTO 2013 SRL Forum, with the most important areas for which best practices should be defined identified through several surveys and SRL track workshops as part of CYTO 2014. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Macroinvertebrate community assembly on deep‐sea wood falls in Monterey Bay is strongly influenced by wood type
Authors: Judge Jenna , Barry James P. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEnvironmental filtering, including the influence of environmental constraints and biological interactions on species’ survival, is known to significantly affect patterns of community assembly in terrestrial ecosystems. However, its role in regulating patterns and processes of community assembly in deep‐sea environments is poorly studied. Here we investigated the role of wood characteristics in the assembly of deep‐sea wood fall communities. Ten different wood species (substrata) that varied in structural complexity were sunk to a depth of 3,100 m near Monterey Bay, CA. In total, 28 wood parcels were deployed on the deep‐sea bed. After 2 yr, the wood parcels were recovered with over 7,000 attached or colonizing macroinvertebrates. All macroinvertebrates were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible, and included several undescribed species. Diversity indices and multivariate analyses of variance detected significant variation in the colonizing community assemblages among different wood substrata. Structural complexity seemed to be the primary factor altering community composition between wood substrata. For example, wood‐boring clams were most abundant on solid logs, while small arthropods and limpets were more abundant on bundles of branches that provided more surface area and small, protected spaces to occupy. Other factors such as chemical defenses, the presence of bark, and wood hardness likely also played a role. Our finding that characteristics of woody debris entering the marine realm can have significant effects on community assembly supports the notion of ecological and perhaps evolutionarily significant links between land and sea.
Disease etiology and diagnosis by TCR repertoire analysis goes viral
Authors: Attaf Meriem , Sewell Andrew K. 
Published: November 2016

The importance of T‐cell receptor (TCR) repertoire diversity is highlighted in murine models of immunodeficiency and in many human pathologies. However, the true extent of TCR diversity and how this diversity varies in health and disease is poorly understood. In a previous issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Lossius et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2014. 44: 3439–3452] dissected the composition of the TCR repertoire in the context of multiple sclerosis (MS) using high‐throughput sequencing of TCR‐β chains in cerebrospinal fluid samples and blood. The authors demonstrated that the TCR repertoire of the CSF was largely distinct from the blood and enriched in EBV‐reactive CD8+ T cells in MS patients. Studies of this kind have long been hindered by technical limitations and remain scarce in the literature. However, TCR sequencing methodologies are progressing apace and will undoubtedly shed light on the genetic basis of T‐cell responses and the ontogeny of T‐cell‐mediated diseases, such as MS.
What goes up must come down: A tripartite Dok‐3/Grb2/SHIP1 inhibitory module limits BCR signaling
Authors: Reth Michael , Gold Michael R. 
Published: November 2016

Properly regulated immunity requires precise integration of activating and inhibitory signals. As for other lymphocytes, B cells express an antigen‐specific activating receptor, the B‐cell antigen receptor (BCR), and inhibitory receptors (e.g. FcγRIIb) that exercise checkpoint control on B‐cell activation. Moreover, following BCR engagement, CD19 recruits proteins that amplify BCR signaling, while CD22 initiates a negative feedback loop by recruiting proteins that inhibit BCR signaling. Initial BCR signaling is mediated by protein tyrosine kinases and lipid kinases; inhibitory receptors directly antagonize the actions of these enzymes by recruiting protein tyrosine phosphatases and lipid phosphatases and positioning them close to actively signaling BCRs. Previously it was thought that inhibitory receptors such as FcγRIIb and CD22 were essential for bringing these phosphatases near the BCR. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Manno et al. show that a tripartite inhibitory module consisting of the adaptor proteins Dok‐3 and Grb2 and the lipid phosphatase SHIP1 binds directly to activated BCRs and limits the Ca2+ mobilization that is required for B lymphocyte activation. This reveals that the BCR can be both an activating and inhibitory receptor, one that activates signaling enzymes while initiating a negative feedback loop that prevents excessive signaling.
Alpha‐range visual and auditory stimulation reduces the perception of pain
Authors: Ecsy K. , Jones A.K.P. , Brown C.A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundAlpha power is believed to have an inverse relationship with the perception of pain. Increasing alpha power through an external stimulus may, therefore, induce an analgesic effect. Here, we attempt to modulate the perception of a moderately painful acute laser stimulus by separately entraining three frequencies across the alpha band: 8, 10 and 12 Hz.MethodsParticipants were exposed to either visual or auditory stimulation at three frequencies in the alpha‐band range and a control frequency. We collected verbal pain ratings of laser stimuli from participants following 10 minutes of flashing LED goggle stimulation and 10 minutes of binaural beat stimulation across the alpha range. Alterations in sleepiness, anxiety and negative mood were recorded following each auditory or visual alpha‐rhythm stimulation session.ResultsA significant reduction in pain ratings was found after both the visual and the auditory stimulation across all three frequencies compared with the control condition. In the visual group, a significantly larger reduction was recorded following the 10‐Hz stimulation than succeeding the 8‐ and 12‐Hz conditions.ConclusionsThis study suggests that a short presentation of auditory and visual stimuli, oscillating in the alpha range, have an analgesic effect on acute laser pain, with the largest effect following the 10‐Hz visual stimulation. Pain reductions following stimulation in the alpha range are independent of sleepiness, anxiety, and negative moods.SignificanceThis study provides new behavioural evidence showing that visual and auditory entrainment of frequencies in the alpha‐wave range can influence the perception of acute pain in humans.
Voltammetric Determination of Tumor Biomarkers for Neuroblastoma (Homovanillic Acid, Vanillylmandelic Acid, and 5‐Hydroxyindole‐3‐acetic Acid) at Screen‐printed Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Makrlíková Anna , Ktena Evangelia , Economou Anastasios , Fischer Jan , Navrátil Tomáš , Barek Jiří , Vyskočil Vlastimil 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThree tumor biomarkers (homovanillic acid (HVA), vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), and 5‐hydroxyindole‐3‐acetic acid (5‐HIAA)) have been determined by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at screen‐printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). As an optimum medium for all three analytes, Britton‐Robinson buffer (0.04 mol ⋅ L−1, pH 3.0) was used. Dependencies of the peak current on the concentration of a biomarker were linear in the concentration range from 0.2 to 100 μmol ⋅ L−1 for all the tested compounds, with the limits of quantification 0.8 μmol ⋅ L−1 for homovanillic acid, 0.2 μmol ⋅ L−1 for vanillylmandelic acid, and 0.4 μmol ⋅ L−1 for 5‐hydroxyindole‐3‐acetic acid. Moreover, it was verified that the newly developed methods can be used for simultaneous determination of HVA and VMA in mixture.
Automatized analysis of IR‐images of photovoltaic modules and its use for quality control of solar cells
Authors: Hepp Johannes , Machui Florian , Egelhaaf Hans‐J. , Brabec Christoph J. , Vetter Andreas 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIt is well known that the performance of solar cells may significantly suffer from local electric defects. Accordingly, infrared thermography (i.p. lock‐in thermography) has been intensely applied to identify such defects as hot spots. As an imaging method, this is a fast way of module characterization. However, imaging leads to a huge amount of data, which needs to be investigated. An automatized image analysis would be a very beneficial tool but has not been suggested so far for lock‐in thermography images. In this manuscript, we describe such an automatized analysis of solar cells. We first established a robust algorithm for segmentation (or recognition) for both, the PV‐module and the defects (hot spots). With this information, we then calculated a parameter from the IR‐images, which could be well correlated with the maximal power (Pmpp) of the modules. The proposed automatized method serves as a very useful foundation for faster and more thorough analyses of IR‐images and stimulates the further development of quality control on solar modules.
Assessing Digital Information Literacy in Higher Education: A Review of Existing Frameworks and Assessments With Recommendations for Next‐Generation Assessment
Authors: Sparks Jesse R. , Katz Irvin R. , Beile Penny M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDigital information literacy (DIL)—generally defined as the ability to obtain, understand, evaluate, and use information in a variety of digital technology contexts—is a critically important skill deemed necessary for success in higher education as well as in the global networked economy. To determine whether college graduates possess the requisite knowledge and skills in DIL, higher education institutions must be able to administer and use results from valid assessments of DIL. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of existing definitions of this construct in major frameworks from higher education and the workforce and propose an operational definition of DIL. Next, we provide a review of existing assessments of information literacy and related constructs, including features of the assessments, construct alignment, and psychometric properties (i.e., reliability and validity evidence). Finally, we discuss challenges and considerations surrounding the design, implementation, and use of next‐generation assessments of DIL. We offer this review as a resource for higher education institutions in selecting among existing assessments or in designing their own measures.
An Evaluation of the Usefulness of Prosodic and Lexical Cues for Understanding Synthesized Speech of Mathematics
Authors: Frankel Lois , Brownstein Beth 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe work described in this report is the second phase of a project to provide easy‐to‐use tools for authoring and rendering secondary‐school algebra‐level math expressions in synthesized speech that is useful for students with blindness or low vision. This report describes the development and results of the second feedback study performed for our project, Expanding Audio Access to Mathematics Expressions by Students With Visual Impairments via MathML. That study focused on the use of certain prosodic and lexical elements in the ClearSpeak speech style and served as a basis for further refinements in that style's definition and implementation in the MathPlayer software. The primary parameters evaluated are students' success in drawing conclusions about the content and structure of certain math expressions and their perceptions regarding the helpfulness of the pace and wording of different text‐to‐speech renditions of the same or similar mathematical expressions. Please see Appendix A for information on obtaining a version of this report that is fully accessible using the tools described.
Enhanced Reaction Efficiency in Continuous Flow
Authors: Morse Peter D. , Beingessner Rachel L. , Jamison Timothy F. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractContinuous flow reactors are enabling tools that can significantly benefit chemical reactions, especially those that are path length dependent (e.g., photochemical), mixing or transport dependent (e.g., gas‐liquid), exothermic, or utilize hazardous or unstable intermediates. In this review, it is demonstrated how the nearly instantaneous mixing, exceptionally fast mass transfer, safe access to high temperatures and pressures, and high surface area to volume ratio can be leveraged to improve product yield, reaction rates and/or selectivity. By showcasing five synthetic methodologies examined by our group, it is hoped that the reader will gain an appreciation of the accessible and transformative nature of flow chemistry for improving existing transformations, enabling rapid optimization, and for developing new methodologies that depend on precise parameter controls.
Modelling daily reference evapotranspiration in humid locations of South Korea using local and cross‐station data management scenarios
Authors: Karimi Sepideh , Kisi Ozgur , Kim Sungwon , Nazemi Amir Hossein , Shiri Jalal 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTModelling reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is a key issue in hydrology, water resources management and irrigation scheduling. This article aimed at evaluating gene expression programming (GEP) and support vector machine (SVM) techniques for modelling ET0 in humid regions of South Korea. The GEP and SVM results were also compared with the empirical ET0 models with the same input parameters. Daily meteorological data from eight weather stations comprising a period of 10 years were utilized to establish the models. This study evaluated two different data management scenarios of simulations. At the first scenario, the heuristic and empirical models were developed and tested at each location, separately, which confirmed the superiority of heuristic models to empirical models. At the second scenario, two cross‐station approaches were developed: modelling ET0 using data from ancillary stations and developing generalized heuristic models for the studied stations. The obtained results revealed that both the GEP and SVM techniques could simulate ET0 in both the scenarios, successfully. Meanwhile, GEP outperformed SVM in cross‐station scenario.
Uncertainty in Pacific decadal oscillation indices does not contribute to teleconnection instability
Authors: McAfee Stephanie A. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) has been used extensively to understand low‐frequency climate variability and its impact on ecological and hydrological systems. In the last few years, however, numerous studies have identified various weaknesses in the PDO paradigm. These range from disagreement between proxy‐based reconstructions to instability in teleconnections to discrepancy between the publicly available indices. The potential impact of differences between indices on teleconnection stability is evaluated using the 20th Century Reanalysis and Climatic Research Unit Time‐Series (CRU TS) 3.22 data. While disagreements between the indices may influence the interpretation of climate drivers in particular years, they do not appear to contribute to teleconnection instability in any significant way. Ruling out this simple explanation for teleconnection instability provides further evidence that the PDO is too simplistic a framework for understanding Pacific atmosphere–ocean impacts on remote climate and suggests that variable relationships between the PDO and climate are likely related to the complex origins of this variability.
Chemokines and inflammation in osteoarthritis: Insights from patients and animal models
Authors: Scanzello Carla R. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTEvidence has been building that the pathologic drive for development of osteoarthritis (OA) involves more than simple mechanical “wear and tear.” Inflammatory mechanisms play an important role in the tissue response to joint injury, and are involved in development of post‐traumatic OA. Inflammation also appears integral to the progression of OA, whether post‐traumatic or spontaneous, contributing to the evolution of joint tissue degradation and remodeling as well as joint pain. Both patient‐based studies and in vivo models of disease have shed light on a number of inflammatory pathways and mediators that impact various aspects of this disease, both structurally and symptomatically. Recent work in this field has implicated inflammatory chemokines in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. Expression of multiple chemokines and their receptors is modulated during disease in both patients and animal models. Although best known for their effects on leukocyte migration and trafficking within the immune system, chemokines can have a wide variety of effects on both motile and non‐motile cell types, impacting proliferation, differentiation, and activation of cellular responses. Their role in OA models has also demonstrated diverse effects on disease that exemplify their wide‐ranging effects. Understanding how these important mediators of inflammation impact joint disease, and whether they can be targeted therapeutically, is actively being investigated by many groups in this field. This narrative review focuses on evidence published within the last 5 years highlighting chemokine‐mediated pathways with mechanistic involvement in osteoarthritis and joint tissue repair. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:735–739, 2017.
Characterizing mortality in pediatric tracheostomy patients
Authors: Funamura Jamie L. , Yuen Sonia , Kawai Kosuke , Gergin Ozgul , Adil Eelam , Rahbar Reza , Watters Karen 
Published: November 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess the longitudinal risk of death following tracheostomy in the pediatric age group.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsHospital records of 513 children (≤18 years) at a tertiary care children's hospital who underwent tracheostomy between 1984 and 2015 were reviewed. The primary outcome measure was time from tracheostomy to death. Secondary patient demographic and clinical characteristics were assessed, with likelihood of death using χ2 tests and the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsMedian age at time of tracheostomy was 0.8 years (interquartile range, 0.3–5.2 years).The highest mortality rate (27.8%) was observed in patients in the 13‐ to 18‐year‐old age category; their mortality rate was significantly higher when compared to the lowest mortality risk group patients (age 1–4 years, P = .031). Timing of death was evenly distributed: <90 days (37.6%), 90 days to 1 year (27.1%), and >1 year after tracheostomy (35.3%). Patients who underwent tracheostomy for cardiopulmonary disease had an increased risk of mortality compared with airway obstruction (adjusted hazard ratio: 3.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.72‐7.24, P < .001) and other indications. Adjusted hazard ratios for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) were 2.63 and a 2.61, respectively (P < .001).ConclusionsPediatric patients with tracheostomy have a high mortality rate, with an increased risk of death associated with a cardiopulmonary indication for undergoing tracheostomy. The majority of deaths occur after the index hospitalization during which the tracheostomy was performed. BPD and CHD are independent predictors of mortality in pediatric tracheostomy patients.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 127:1701–1706, 2017
A new solution for neonatal bilateral vocal cord paralysis: Endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy
Authors: Madani Shahram , Bach Ádám , Matievics Vera , Erdélyi Eszter , Sztanó Balázs , Szegesdi Ilona , Castellanos Paul F. , Rovó László 
Published: November 2016

Objectives/HypothesisBilateral vocal cord paralysis in early childhood is a life‐threatening condition, which often requires immediate intervention. One of the treatment options is a quick, reversible simple suture vocal cord lateralizing technique, whereby the arytenoid cartilage is directly lateralized to the normal abducted position. Considering pediatric laryngeal anatomy, a small endolaryngeal thread guide instrument was designed for precise suture insertion.Study DesignNew instrument validation.MethodsFour newborns had inspiratory stridor immediately after birth; two had to be intubated. Laryngotracheoscopy revealed bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Unilateral, left‐sided endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy was performed with supraglottic jet ventilation on the 4th, 5th, 5th, and 27th day of life for the four patients, respectively.ResultsAll babies remained intubated for 3 to 7 days with an uncuffed tracheal tube. After extubation, no dyspnea or swallowing disorder occurred. A subjective quality of life questionnaire, laryngotracheoscopy, clinical growth charts, and voice analysis showed satisfactory functional results.ConclusionsMinimally invasive, quick, reversible endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy might be a more favorable solution for neonatal bilateral vocal cord paralysis than earlier treatment strategies. In one step, the airway can be maintained without the risk of any permanent damage to voice production. Good swallowing function is also preserved. The specially modified endolaryngeal thread guide instrument gives a fast and effective option for creating the lateralized arytenoid position even in the technically challenging surgical context of a neonate larynx.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:1608–1614, 2017