bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical arthroplasty: what does the labeling say?
Authors: Turel Mazda K. , Kerolus Mena G. , Adogwa Owoicho , Traynelis Vincent C. 
Published: February 2017

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this paper was to comprehensively review each of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved labels of 7 total cervical disc replacements, assess the exact methodology in which the trial was conducted, and provide a broad comparison of these devices to allow each surgeon to determine which disc best suits his or her specific treatment goals based on the specific labels and not the studies published.

METHODS
The FDA-approved labels for each of the 7 artificial discs were obtained from the official FDA website. These labels were meticulously compared with regard to the statistical analysis performed, the safety and efficacy data, and the randomized controlled trial that each artificial disc was involved in to obtain the FDA approval for the product or device. Both single-level and 2-level approvals were examined, and primary and secondary end points were assessed.

RESULTS
In the single-level group, 4 of the 7 artificial discs—Prestige LP, Prestige ST, Bryan, and Secure-C—showed superiority in overall success. Prestige ST showed superiority in 3 of 4 outcome measures (neurological success, revision surgery, and overall success), while the other aforementioned discs showed superiority in 2 or fewer measures (Prestige LP, neurological and overall success; Bryan, Neck Disability Index [NDI] and overall success; Secure-C, revision surgery and overall success; Pro-Disc C, revision surgery). The PCM and Mobi-C discs demonstrated noninferiority across all outcome measures. In the 2-level group, Prestige LP and Mobi-C demonstrated superiority in 3 outcome measures (NDI, secondary surgery, and overall success) but not neurological success.

CONCLUSIONS
This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of 7 currently approved and distributed artificial discs in the United States. It compares specific outcome measures of these devices against those following the standard of care, which is anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. This information will provide surgeons the opportunity to easily answer patients' questions and remain knowledgeable when discussing devices with manufacturers.
Delirium in Trauma Patients: Prevalence and Predictors
Authors: Von Rueden Kathryn T. , Wallizer Breighanna , Thurman Paul , McQuillan Karen , Andrews Tiffany , Merenda Jennifer , Son Heesook 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDDelirium is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, hospital costs, and postdischarge cognitive dysfunction. Most research focuses on nontrauma patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit.OBJECTIVESTo determine the prevalence and predictors of delirium in trauma patients residing in intensive and intermediate care units of an academic medical center.METHODSTrauma patients were screened for delirium by using the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit. Exclusion criteria included documented brain injury, history of psychosis or cognitive impairment, not speaking English, and hearing or vision loss.RESULTSOf the 215 study patients, 24% were positive for delirium; 36% of patients in the intensive care unit and 11% of patients in the intermediate care unit. Delirium-positive patients were older (mean age, 53.4 years) than patients who were not (mean age, 44 years; P = .004). Although mechanical ventilation (odds ratio, 4.73, P = .004) was the strongest independent risk factor for delirium, 12% of delirium-positive patients were not receiving mechanical ventilation. Other predictors of delirium were use of antipsychotic medications, higher scores on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III, and lower scores on the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale.CONCLUSIONSPatients in both the intermediate and intensive care units, whether mechanical ventilation was used or not, were positive for delirium. Delirium prevention protocols may benefit trauma patients regardless of their inpatient location.
Adaptive Alterations in Shoulder Range of Motion and Strength in Young Tennis Players
Authors: Gillet Benoit , Begon Mickaël , Sevrez Violaine , Berger-Vachon Christian , Rogowski Isabelle 
Published: February 2017

Context:
Playing tennis requires unilateral and intensive movement of the upper limb, which may lead to functional adaptations of the shoulder and an increased injury risk. Identifying which athletes will be future elite tennis players starts at 5 to 6 years of age. Therefore, highly skilled players practice intensively in their childhood. However, whether these functional changes occur during the prepubertal years has not been established.

Objectives:
To assess changes in glenohumeral-joint–rotation range of motion and strength of the shoulder-complex muscles in prepubertal elite tennis players.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Tennis training sports facilities.

Patients or Other Participants:
Sixty-seven male tennis players (age range = 7–13 years) selected by a regional tennis center of excellence were divided into 3 biological age groups relative to their predicted age at peak height velocity: greater than 4 (n = 26; age = 8.7 ± 0.7 years, height = 132.4 ± 12.9 cm, mass = 27.8 ± 3.8 kg), 3 to 4 (n = 21; age = 10.3 ± 0.6 years, height = 144.9 ± 5.7 cm, mass = 34.7 ± 4.0 kg), and 2 (n = 20; age = 12.8 ± 1.4 years, height = 158.5 ± 8.7 cm, mass = 43.0 ± 8.2 kg) years before their age at peak height velocity.

Main Outcome Measures(s):
We measured the internal- and external-rotation ranges of motion of the glenohumeral joint using a goniometer and calculated the total arc of motion. Maximal isometric strength of 8 shoulder muscles was measured using a handheld dynamometer. Strength values were normalized to body weight and used to calculate 4 agonist-to-antagonist strength ratios.

Results:
The total arc of motion of the glenohumeral joint decreased gradually with biological age (P ≤ .01) due to the decrease in internal-rotation range of motion (P &lt; .001). Absolute strength increased gradually with biological age (P &lt; .001), but the relative strengths and ratios remained similar.

Conclusions:
Functional adaptations of the shoulder seen in adolescent and adult tennis players were observed in healthy prepubertal players. This knowledge could help clinicians and coaches more effectively monitor shoulder adaptations to tennis practice during the prepubertal years.
Radio-frequency interference mitigating hyperspectral L-band radiometer
Authors: Toose Peter , Roy Alexandre , Solheim Frederick , Derksen Chris , Watts Tom , Royer Alain , Walker Anne 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Radio-frequency interference (RFI) can significantly contaminate the measured radiometric signal of current spaceborne L-band passive microwave radiometers. These spaceborne radiometers operate within the protected passive remote sensing and radio-astronomy frequency allocation of 1400–1427 MHz but nonetheless are still subjected to frequent RFI intrusions. We present a unique surface-based and airborne hyperspectral 385 channel, dual polarization, L-band Fourier transform, RFI-detecting radiometer designed with a frequency range from 1400 through  ≈  1550 MHz. The extended frequency range was intended to increase the likelihood of detecting adjacent RFI-free channels to increase the signal, and therefore the thermal resolution, of the radiometer instrument. The external instrument calibration uses three targets (sky, ambient, and warm), and validation from independent stability measurements shows a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.0 K for ambient and warm targets and 1.5 K for sky. A simple but effective RFI removal method which exploits the large number of frequency channels is also described. This method separates the desired thermal emission from RFI intrusions and was evaluated with synthetic microwave spectra generated using a Monte Carlo approach and validated with surface-based and airborne experimental measurements.
Calculation of coseismic displacement from lidar data in the 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, earthquake
Authors: Moya Luis , Yamazaki Fumio , Liu Wen , Chiba Tatsuro 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The spatial distribution of the coseismic displacements that occurred along the Futagawa fault during the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake of Mw 7.0 was estimated using airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) data. In this study, a pair of digital surface models (DSMs) obtained from the high-density lidar data before and after the mainshock on 16 April 2016 were used. A window matching search approach based on the correlation coefficient between the two DSMs was used to estimate the geodetic displacement in the near-field region. The results showed good agreements with the geodetic displacements calculated from strong-motion acceleration records and coincided with the fault line surveyed by the Geological Survey of Japan.
MODELO HIERÁRQUICO DE VULNERABILIDADE NO ESPORTE
Authors: Rebustini Flávio , Machado Afonso Antonio 
Published: February 2017

O objetivo foi desenvolver um modelo hierárquico de vulnerabilidade para o esporte. Foram realizadas entrevistas In-depth com 21 participantes do esporte de alto rendimento (13 mulheres). Foi aplicada a análise de conteúdo com a categorização e hierarquização das temáticas. Resultados: A categorização gerou 1 metaclasse (Formação Educacional); os resultados foram organizados em 5 classes: Instituição e Políticas, Comunicação e Marketing, Desenvolvimento Esportivo, Aspectos Psicossociai e Desempenho Esportivo, que totalizaram 25 categorias; uma categoria foi denominada de transcategoria (Assédio). Depreende-se que a vulnerabilidade está mais presente no ambiente esportivo do que a literatura tem relatado e por meio do modelo podemos identificar as formas de manifestação.
Dementia and co‐occurring chronic conditions: a systematic literature review to identify what is known and where are the gaps in the evidence?
Authors: Snowden Mark B. , Steinman Lesley E. , Bryant Lucinda L. , Cherrier Monique M. , Greenlund Kurt J. , Leith Katherine H. , Levy Cari , Logsdon Rebecca G. , Copeland Catherine , Vogel Mia , Anderson Lynda A. , Atkins David C. , Bell Janice F. , Fitzpatrick Annette L. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveThe challenges posed by people living with multiple chronic conditions are unique for people with dementia and other significant cognitive impairment. There have been recent calls to action to review the existing literature on co‐occurring chronic conditions and dementia in order to better understand the effect of cognitive impairment on disease management, mobility, and mortality.MethodsThis systematic literature review searched PubMed databases through 2011 (updated in 2016) using key constructs of older adults, moderate‐to‐severe cognitive impairment (both diagnosed and undiagnosed dementia), and chronic conditions. Reviewers assessed papers for eligibility and extracted key data from each included manuscript. An independent expert panel rated the strength and quality of evidence and prioritized gaps for future study.ResultsFour thousand thirty‐three articles were identified, of which 147 met criteria for review. We found that moderate‐to‐severe cognitive impairment increased risks of mortality, was associated with prolonged institutional stays, and decreased function in persons with multiple chronic conditions. There was no relationship between significant cognitive impairment and use of cardiovascular or hypertensive medications for persons with these comorbidities. Prioritized areas for future research include hospitalizations, disease‐specific outcomes, diabetes, chronic pain, cardiovascular disease, depression, falls, stroke, and multiple chronic conditions.ConclusionsThis review summarizes that living with significant cognitive impairment or dementia negatively impacts mortality, institutionalization, and functional outcomes for people living with multiple chronic conditions. Our findings suggest that chronic‐disease management interventions will need to address co‐occurring cognitive impairment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy and Imaging to Detect and Quantify Adipose Tissue Browning
Authors: Dinish U. S , Wong Chi Lok , Sriram Sandhya , Ong Wee Kiat , Balasundaram Ghayathri , Sugii Shigeki , Olivo Malini 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAdipose (fat) tissue is a complex metabolic organ that is highly active and essential. In contrast to white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT) is deemed metabolically beneficial because of its ability to burn calories through heat production. The conversion of WAT-resident adipocytes to “beige” or “brown-like” adipocytes has recently attracted attention. However, it typically takes a few days to analyze and confirm this browning of WAT through conventional molecular, biochemical, or histological methods. Moreover, accurate quantification of the overall browning process is not possible by any of these methods. In this context, we report the novel application of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and multispectral imaging (MSI) to detect and quantify the browning process in mice. We successfully demonstrated the time-dependent increase in browning of WAT, following its induction through β-adrenergic agonist injections. The results from these optical techniques were confirmed with those of standard molecular and biochemical assays, which measure gene and protein expression levels of UCP1 and PGC-1α, as well as with histological examinations. We envision that the reported optical methods can be developed into a fast, real time, cost effective and easy to implement imaging approach for quantification of the browning process in adipose tissue.
Clomipramine causes osteoporosis by promoting osteoclastogenesis via E3 ligase Itch, which is prevented by Zoledronic acid
Authors: Li Xing , Sun Wen , Li Jinbo , Wang Mengmeng , Zhang Hengwei , Pei Lingpeng , Boyce Brendan F. , Wang Zhiyu , Xing Lianping 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPatients taking antidepressants, including Clomipramine (CLP), have an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture. However, the effects of CLP on bone metabolism are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that WT mice treated with CLP for 2 weeks had significantly reduced trabecular bone volume and cortical bone thickness, associated with increased osteoclast (OC) numbers, but had no change in osteoblast numbers or bone formation rate. Bone marrow cells from CLP-treated mice had normal OC precursor frequency, but formed significantly more OCs when they were cultured with RANKL and M-CSF. CLP promoted OC formation and bone resorption and expression of OC-associated genes. CLP-induced bone loss was prevented by Zoledronic acid. At the molecular level, CLP inhibited the activity of the ubiquitin E3 ligase Itch. CLP did not promote OC formation from bone marrow cells of Itch−/− mice in vitro nor induce bone loss in Itch−/− mice. Our findings indicate that CLP causes bone loss by enhancing Itch-mediated osteoclastogenesis, which was prevented by Zoledronic acid. Thus, anti-resorptive therapy could be used to prevent bone loss in patients taking antidepressants, such as CLP.
Wafer scale millimeter-wave integrated circuits based on epitaxial graphene in high data rate communication
Authors: Habibpour Omid , He Zhongxia Simon , Strupinski Wlodek , Rorsman Niklas , Zirath Herbert 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn recent years, the demand for high data rate wireless communications has increased dramatically, which requires larger bandwidth to sustain multi-user accessibility and quality of services. This can be achieved at millimeter wave frequencies. Graphene is a promising material for the development of millimeter-wave electronics because of its outstanding electron transport properties. Up to now, due to the lack of high quality material and process technology, the operating frequency of demonstrated circuits has been far below the potential of graphene. Here, we present monolithic integrated circuits based on epitaxial graphene operating at unprecedented high frequencies (80–100 GHz). The demonstrated circuits are capable of encoding/decoding of multi-gigabit-per-second information into/from the amplitude or phase of the carrier signal. The developed fabrication process is scalable to large wafer sizes.
Is a person-affecting solution to the nonidentity problem impossible? Axiology, accessibility and additional people
Authors: Roberts Melinda A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper considers two objections based in axiological considerations against the position that whether a given outcome, or possible future or world, is morally worse than a second world may depend in part on what is going on at a third world. Such a wide-angled approach to determining worseness is critical to the solution I have previously proposed in connection with the nonidentity problem. I argue that both objections fail.
Survey of metallo-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae colonizing patients in European ICUs and rehabilitation units, 2008–11
Authors: Papagiannitsis C. C. , Izdebski R. , Baraniak A. , Fiett J. , Herda M. , Hrabák J. , Derde L. P. G. , Bonten M. J. M. , Carmeli Y. , Goossens H. , Hryniewicz W. , Brun-Buisson C. , Gniadkowski M. ,   on behalf of the MOSAR WP2, WP3 and WP5 study groups, Grabowska A. , Nikonorow E. , Dautzenberg M. J. , Adler A. , Kazma M. , Navon-Venezia S. , Malhotra-Kumar S. , Lammens C. , Legrand P. , Annane D. , Chalfine A. , Giamarellou H. , Petrikkos G. L. , Nardi G. , Balode A. , Dumpis U. , Stammet P. , Arag I. , Esteves F. , Muzlovic I. , Tomic V. , Mart A. Torres , Lawrence C. , Salomon J. , Paul M. , Lerman Y. , Rossini A. , Salvia A. , Samso J. Vidal , Fierro J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this study was to perform a multinational survey of patients' colonization by metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, including their molecular characterization.

Methods
Patients in 18 hospital units across Europe and Israel (n = 17 945) were screened between mid-2008 and mid-2011. MBL-producing isolates were typed by PFGE and MLST. MBL genes were amplified and sequenced within their integrons. Plasmids with MBL genes were analysed by nuclease S1 plus hybridization profiling, mating and transformation assays, and by PCR-based replicon typing.

Results
Ninety-one patients in nine centres (six countries), including 62 patients in two Greek ICUs, carried 94 non-duplicate MBL-producing organisms. Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Greece dominated (n = 57) and belonged mainly to ST147, ST36 and ST383. All but one of the isolates expressed VIM-1-type MBLs. Isolates of Greek origins produced five enzymes, including new VIM-39, encoded by class 1 integrons of four types. In-e541-like elements prevailed, comprising six variants located on IncR, IncFIIK, IncR + FIIK, IncR + A/C or non-typeable plasmids. The other group were new In4873 and In4863, being the first In416-like elements identified in Greece, which were present on IncA/C or non-typeable plasmids. Isolates from other countries produced only VIM-1 and the major integron was In916, identified in 16 organisms from France, Italy and Spain. In916 was carried by four plasmid types, including IncA/C, IncFIIK and IncHI2. Other integrons included a new element, In3103, in Spain and In110 identified only in Latvia.

Conclusions
This study provided fully comparable data on the occurrence and molecular characteristics of VIM-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a group of hospital units across Europe, documenting recent changes in their epidemiology.
Galactic interstellar filaments as probed by LOFAR and Planck
Authors: Zaroubi S. , Jelić V. , de Bruyn A. G. , Boulanger F. , Bracco A. , Kooistra R. , Alves M. I. R. , Brentjens M. A. , Ferrière K. , Ghosh T. , Koopmans L. V. E. , Levrier F. , Miville-Deschênes M.-A. , Montier L. , Pandey V. N. , Soler J. D. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Recent Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) observations at 115–175 MHz of a field at medium Galactic latitudes (centred at the bright quasar 3C196) have shown striking filamentary structures in polarization that extend over more than 4° across the sky. In addition, the Planck satellite has released full sky maps of the dust emission in polarization at 353 GHz. The LOFAR data resolve Faraday structures along the line of sight, whereas the Planck dust polarization maps probe the orientation of the sky projected magnetic field component. Hence, no apparent correlation between the two is expected. Here we report a surprising, yet clear, correlation between the filamentary structures, detected with LOFAR, and the magnetic field orientation, probed by the Planck satellite. This finding points to a common, yet unclear, physical origin of the two measurements in this specific area in the sky. A number of follow-up multifrequency studies are proposed to shed light on this unexpected finding.
Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint
Authors: CHALMERS I. M. , BLAIR G. S. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In a detailed study of 100 consecutive cases of rheumatoid arthritis, clinical abnormalities were present in the temporomandibular joints in 71.0 per cent of patients compared with 41.1 per cent of a group of matched controls. This difference is highly significant (P &lt; 0.0005). Circular tomography was used to study the joints radiologically. By this technique, which does not appear to have been used previously in a study of this nature, 78.7 per cent of the rheumatoid patients' joints showed abnormalities compared with 33.9 per cent of the control joints. This difference is also highly significant (P &lt; 0.0005). Certain clinical and radiological features appeared to be almost specific for rheumatoid arthritis and to correlate with increasing severity of the disease. Rheumatoid arthritis appears to affect the temporomandibular joint more commonly than was at one time thought.
Application of Thermoluminescence Dosemeters for Personnel Monitoring in India
Authors: Lakshmanan A.R. , Chandra B. , Pradhan A.S. , Supe S.J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In 1975 CaSO4:Dy Teflon dosemeters were introduced for countrywide beta and gamma personnel monitoring. One third of the radiation workers are now being monitored with TLDs. This paper discusses some characteristics of this personnel monitoring system.
Skin Dose Determination with the TSEE of BeO Thin Film Detectors
Authors: Kriegseis W. , Petel M. , Portal G. , Scharmann A. , Wieters C.U. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Exoelectron emitting BeO thin film detectors were covered with polycarbonate foils of different thicknesses from 1.9-19.2 mg.cm-2 and exposed to 147Pm, 204Tl and 90Sr-90Y beta sources. Even for low energy beta rays from 147Pm the dependence of their dose response on foil thickness corresponded to the depth dose in soft tissue.