bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Longitudinal Study in Norwegian Memory Clinics
Authors: Eldholm Rannveig Sakshaug , Barca Maria Lage , Persson Karin , Knapskog Anne-Brita , Kersten Hege , Engedal Knut , Selbæk Geir , Brækhus Anne , Skovlund Eva , Saltvedt Ingvild 
Published: December 2017

Background: The course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) varies considerably between individuals. There is limited evidence on factors important for disease progression. Objective: The primary aim was to study the progression of AD, as measured by the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB). Secondary aims were to investigate whether baseline characteristics are important for differences in progression, and to examine the correlation between progression assessed using three different instruments: CDR-SB (0–18), the cognitive test Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, 0–30), and the functional measure Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL, 0-1). Methods: The Progression of AD and Resource use (PADR) study is a longitudinal observational study in three Norwegian memory clinics. Results: In total, 282 AD patients (mean age 73.3 years, 54% female) were followed for mean 24 (16–37) months. The mean annual increase in CDR-SB was 1.6 (SD 1.8), the mean decrease in MMSE score 1.9 (SD 2.6), and the mean decrease in IADL score 0.13 (SD 0.14). Of the 282 patients, 132 (46.8%) progressed slowly, with less than 1 point yearly increase in CDR-SB. Cognitive test results at baseline predicted progression rate, and together with age, ApoE, history of hypertension, and drug use could explain 17% of the variance in progression rate. The strongest correlation of change was found between CDR-SB and IADL scores, the weakest between MMSE and IADL scores. Conclusion: Progression rate varied considerably among AD patients; about half of the patients progressed slowly. Cognitive test results at baseline were predictors of progression rate.
Integrative description of two new species of Malagasy chirping giant pill-millipedes, genus Sphaeromimus (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida: Arthrosphaeridae)
Authors: Moritz Leif , Wesener Thomas 
Published: December 2017

The species-rich giant pill-millipedes (Sphaerotheriida) often represent a microendemic component of Madagascar’s mega-invertebrate fauna. Of the chirping genus Sphaeromimus de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902, ten species have been described. Here, we describe two new species of Sphaeromimus integratively, combining light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, DNA barcoding and micro-CT technology for the first time in a taxonomic description of a giant pill-millipede. S. kalambatritra sp. nov. and S. midongy sp. nov. are the first giant pill-millipedes collected and described from the mountainous rainforests of Kalambatritra and Midongy. Both species show island gigantism compared to their congeners. Our analysis of the mitochondrial COI gene shows that the two species are related to one another with a moderate genetic distance (9.4%), while they are more closely related to an undetermined specimen from the forest of Vevembe (6.3% and 8.4%). They stand in a basal position with S. ivohibe Wesener, 2014 and S. musicus (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897). The four aforementioned species share a high number of stridulation ribs on the male harp. Our micro-CT analysis provides a look into the head of S. kalambatritra sp. nov. and shows that non-destructive CT methods are a useful tool for studying the inner morphology of giant pill-millipedes.
Non tamen indignum Borgaei dicere laudes/ Caesaris… (T. Strozzi, Serm. 1, 120-1): L’éloge épique de César Borgia dans l’œuvre d’Ercole Strozzi (Ferrare 1474 ?-1508): Venatio (1498 TPQ- 1505 TAQ), Borgeti canis epicedium, Caesaris Borgiae ducis epicedium..
Authors: Charlet-Mesdjian Béatrice , Voisin Dominique 
Published: December 2017

Résumé: La poésie hexamétrique d’E. Strozzi, poète néolatin fort prisé pour sa maîtrise de la versification et son innutrition achevée des sources latines, offre deux apologies de César Borgia. L’une, brève (d’une soixantaine de vers), incluse dans un epyllion cynégétique de plus de 900 vers, campe le Valentinois de son vivant en chasseur et conquérant magnanime. L’autre prend la forme d’un long épicède (492 v.). Certes E. Strozzi applique dans ce poème funèbre épidictique les conventions du genre (lamentations, éloge du défunt, exhortation et consolation à la dédicataire, Lucrèce Borgia, duchesse de Ferrare), toutefois le choix de l’hexamètre et le recours systématique aux procédés et aux sources épiques servent à masquer les zones d’ombre du personnage contesté de César Borgia et détourne le chant funèbre en prophétie consolatoire à l’adresse de la dédicataire. Mots clés: César Borgia, éloge, épopée, guerres d’Italie, humanisme Abstract: The hexametric poetry of E. Strozzi, admired Neo-latin poet for his mastery of versification and his perfect Latin innutritio contains two C. Borgia’s praises. The first one, rather short (about sixty lines only) and included in a cynegetical epyllion (more than 900 lines), depicts the ‘Valentinois’ still alive as a hunter and a magnanimous conqueror ; the other one takes the form of a long epicedion (492 lines). Of course E. Strozzi applies in this funeral epideictic poem the generic conventions (the lamentations, the praise of the deceased, the exhortation and the consolation to the dedicatee, Lucrezia Borgia, Duchess of Ferrara). However, the metrical choice of hexameter and the systematic use of epical sources and proceedings erase the obscure sides of the controversial Caesar Borgia and transform the funeral lamentation into a consolatory prediction at the address of the dedicatee. Keywords: Caesar Borgia, praise, epic, wars of Italy, humanism
Ressenya a Henry Ettinghausen, How the Press Began. The Pre-Periodical Printed News in Early Modern Europe, A Coruña, SIELAE – Facultad de Filología, Universidade da Coruña, 2015,
Authors: Expósito i Amagat Ricard 
Published: December 2017

Ressenya a Henry Ettinghausen, How the Press Began. The Pre-Periodical Printed News in Early Modern Europe, A Coruña, SIELAE – Facultad de Filología, Universidade da Coruña, 2015, 302 pp., 80 il·ls., ISBN: 978-84-608-3423-6 Review to Henry Ettinghausen, How the Press Began. The Pre-Periodical Printed News in Early Modern Europe, A Coruña, SIELAE – Facultad de Filología, Universidade da Coruña, 2015, 302 pp., 80 il·ls., ISBN: 978-84-608-3423-6
Ankle sprain as a work-related accident: status of proprioception after 2 weeks
Authors: González-Iñigo Salvador , Munuera-Martínez Pedro V. , Lafuente-Sotillos Guillermo , Castillo-López José M. , Ramos-Ortega Javier , Domínguez-Maldonado Gabriel 
Published: December 2017

PurposeThis study aims at verifying whether proprioception is abnormal or not, two weeks after a grade 1 and 2 ankle sprain in the scope of work-related accident.MethodsA descriptive, observation and transversal study was designed to compare speed, movement and oscilation of centre of pressure in employees of companies signed up to a mutual company. Participants’ healthy feet comprised the control group, and feet that had undergone an ankle sprain due to a work-related accident comprised the cases group. The following stability tests were undertaken to both the healthy and injuried feet using a force plate: Monopodal Romberg test with eyes open, Monopodal Romberg test with eyes open on a 30 mm thick foam rubber, Monopodal Romberg test with eyes closed, and Romberg test as monopodal support with eyes closed on a 30 mm thick foam rubber. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. From the results of this regression model the COR curve test was performed.Results71.7% accuracy in the predictions was attained. The equation was as follows:Condition (injured or healthy)=0.052⋅%RGC AP Movement − 0.81⋅MREO AP Movement. The variable MREO antero-posterior movement was used in the COR curve methodology. The area under the curve was greater than 0.65 and at a 95% confidence interval the 0.75 value was included, which in our case was the injured subject condition. Values for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 0.667, 0.633, 64.5%, and 65.5%, respectively.ConclusionThe participants in this study showed a diminished capacity for postural control in an ankle two weeks after an ankle sprain.
Kinematic Evolution of the Southern North Atlantic: Implications for the Formation of Hyperextended Rift Systems
Authors: Nirrengarten M. , Manatschal G. , Tugend J. , Kusznir N. , Sauter D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe focus on the southern North Atlantic rifted margins to investigate the partitioning and propagation of deformation in hyperextended rift systems using plate kinematic modeling. The kinematic evolution of this area is well determined by oceanic magnetic anomalies after the Cretaceous normal polarity superchron. However, the rift and early seafloor spreading evolution (200–83 Ma) remains highly disputed due to contentious interpretations of the J magnetic anomaly on the Iberia‐Newfoundland conjugate margins. Recent studies highlight that the J anomaly is probably polygenic, related to polyphased magmatic events, and therefore does not correspond to an isochron. We present a new palinspastic restoration without using the J magnetic anomaly as the chron M0. We combine 3‐D gravity inversion results with local structural, stratigraphic, and geochronological constraints on the rift deformation history. The restoration of the southern North Atlantic itself is not the primary aim of the study but rather is used as a method to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of hyperextended rift systems. We include continental microblocks that enable the partitioning of the deformation between different rift segments, which is of particular importance for the evolution of the Iberia‐Eurasia plate boundary. Our modeling highlights the following: (1) the segmentation of the Iberia‐Newfoundland rift system during continental crust thinning, (2) the northward V‐shape propagation of mantle exhumation and seafloor spreading, (3) the complex partitioning of deformation along the Iberia‐Eurasia plate boundary, and (4) a three‐plate propagation model which implies transtension.
The influence of Shc proteins and high‐fat diet on energy metabolism of mice
Authors: Baldassini W.A. , Ramsey J.J. , Hagopian K. , Lanna D.P.D. 
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine if Shc proteins influence the metabolic response to acute (7 days) feeding of a high‐fat diet (HFD). To this end, whole animal energy expenditure (EE) and substrate oxidation were measured in the Shc knockout (ShcKO) and wild‐type (WT) mice fed a control or HFD. The activities of enzymes of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, electron transport chain (ETC), and β‐oxidation were also investigated in liver and skeletal muscle of ShcKO and WT animals. The study showed that ShcKO increases (P < .05) EE adjusted for either total body weight or lean mass. This change in EE could contribute to decreases in weight gain in ShcKO versus WT mice fed an HFD. Thus, our results indicate that Shc proteins should be considered as potential targets for developing interventions to mitigate weight gain on HFD by stimulating EE. Although decreased levels of Shc proteins influenced the activity of some enzymes in response to high‐fat feeding (eg, increasing the activity of acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase), it did not produce concerted changes in enzymes of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, or the ETC. The physiological significance of observed changes in select enzyme activities remains to be determined.Significance of the study:We report higher EE in ShcKO versus WT mice when consuming the HFD. Although decreased levels of Shc proteins influenced the activity of a central enzyme of β‐oxidation in response to high‐fat feeding, it did not produce concerted changes in enzymes of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, or the ETC. Thus, an increase in EE in response to consumption of an HFD may be a mechanism that leads to decreased weight gain previously reported in ShcKO mice with long‐term consumption of an HFD.
Socio‐Economic Interest of Treated Wastewater Reuse in Agricultural Irrigation and Indirect Potable Water Reuse: Clermont‐Ferrand and Cannes Case Studies' Cost–Benefit Analysis
Authors: Declercq Rémi , Loubier Sébastien , Condom Nicolas , Molle Bruno 
Published: December 2017

AbstractUnlike many structuring projects, treated wastewater reuse projects are rarely subjected to economic analysis. And when they are, the social and environmental benefits and costs are often not accounted for or are not properly quantified. Here we show that the widely used cost–benefit analysis method showing the profitability of a project from the whole of the community's point of view can be adapted to treated wastewater reuse projects. The remaining evaluation difficulties are more due to the system's complexity rather than its methodological limits. Indeed, the operator must be able to understand, formalize and imagine constraints and risks associated with different domains such as urbanism, agriculture, climate, hydrology and trade. Remaining uncertainties over key parameter values can, however, be properly considered through scenarios and/or stochastic approaches. We illustrate the implementation of this methodological approach with two case studies: Clermont‐Ferrand where treated wastewater is reused by a collective irrigation network; and Cannes where surface and groundwater recharge can enable indirect reuse for multiple purposes including indirect potable water production. These two French case studies highlight how economic analysis, dealing with uncertainties, can support decision making. Copyright © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor instability in solar prominences
Authors: Hillier Andrew 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor instability is a fundamental instability of many astrophysical systems, and recent observations are consistent with this instability developing in solar prominences. Prominences are cool, dense clouds of plasma that form in the solar corona that display a wide range of dynamics of a multitude of spatial and temporal scales, and two different phenomena that have been discovered to occur in prominences can be understood as resulting from the Rayleigh–Taylor instability. The first is that of plumes that rise through quiescent prominences from low density bubbles that form below them. The second is that of a prominence eruption that fragments as the material falls back to the solar surface. To identify these events as the magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor instability, a wide range of theoretical work, both numerical and analytical has been performed, though alternative explanations do exist. For both of these sets of observations, determining that they are created by the magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor instability has meant that the linear instability conditions and nonlinear dynamics can be used to make estimates of the magnetic field strength. There are strong connections between these phenomena and those in a number of other astro, space and plasma systems, making these observations very important for our understanding of the role of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability in magnetised systems.
Increase in the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Brazilian schoo children (2000-2015)
Authors: Casagrande Daniela , Waib Paulo H. , Sgarbi José A. 
Published: December 2017

Introduction:
The prevalence of overweight and obese children and adolescents is a public health concern. Few studies have critically evaluated this problem in a Brazilian population, despite the growth of community-based programs to combat childhood obesity in this country.

Objective:
To study the anthropometrics of Brazilian adolescents over a fifteen-year period.

Methods:
In a cross-sectional analysis, we investigated the anthropometric status of male and female adolescents in Brazil. The anthropometric data and nutritional status of 595 schoolchildren in the year 2000 were compared to 636 schoolchildren in 2015.

Results:
We found a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight or obese adolescents in 2015 compared to 2000 (23.4% vs. 18.3%, p = .027). A sub-analysis stratified by sex showed that this increase only occurred in females. No statistically significant difference was observed in body mass index between the groups. Waist circumference (73.5 cm vs. 77 cm, p < .001) and the prevalence of abdominal obesity (30% vs. 47.9%, p < .001) were significantly greater in 2015, regardless of sex.

Conclusion:
Overweight or obese children, as well as abdominal obesity were more prevalent in 2015 than in preceding decades. This is a worrying trend as abdominal obesity increases the risk for cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality in adult life.
The monounsaturated fatty acid oleate is the major physiological toxic free fatty acid for human beta cells
Authors: Plötz T , Krümmel B , Laporte A , Pingitore A , Persaud SJ , Jörns A , Elsner M , Mehmeti I , Lenzen S 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFree fatty acids (FFAs) can cause glucose intolerance and diabetes. Lipotoxicity to the pancreatic beta cells is considered to be a major underlying cause for this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to analyse the toxicity profile of FFAs in the human EndoC-βH1 beta-cell line and to compare the results with isolated rat and human islets with special reference to the physiologically most prevalent FFAs palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA). Toxicity after a 2-day incubation with the different FFAs was analysed by the caspase-3 assay and confirmed by the propidium iodide and annexin V staining tests. The long-chain saturated PA (C16:0) and the monounsaturated OA (C18:1) were both toxic to human EndoC-βH1 beta cells and pseudoislets, as well as to rat islets, and, as confirmed in a pilot experiment, also to human islets. Furthermore, OA provided no protection against the toxicity of PA. Likewise, elaidic acid (EA, the trans isomer of OA; trans-OA) was significantly toxic, in contrast to the non-metabolisable analogues methylated PA (MePA) and methylated OA (MeOA). Fatty acids with a chain length  < C16 were not toxic in EndoC-βH1 beta cells. Caspase-3 was also activated by linoleic acid (LA)(C18:2) but not by γ-linolenic acid (γ-LNA)(C18:3). Overall, only long-chain FFAs with chain lengths  > C14, which generate hydrogen peroxide in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation, were toxic. This conclusion is also supported by the toxicity of the branched-chain FFA pristanic acid, which is exclusively metabolised in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation. The lack of a protective effect of the monounsaturated fatty acid OA has important consequences for a beta-cell protective lipid composition of a diet. A cardioprotective diet with a high OA content does not fulfil this requirement.
“DNA Methylation signatures in panic disorder”
Authors: Iurato Stella , Carrillo-Roa Tania , Arloth Janine , Czamara Darina , Diener-Hölzl Laura , Lange Jennifer , Müller-Myhsok Bertram , Binder Elisabeth B. , Erhardt Angelika 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPanic disorder (PD) affects about four million Europeans, with women affected twice as likely as men, causing substantial suffering and high economic costs. The etiopathogenesis of PD remains largely unknown, but both genetic and environmental factors contribute to risk. An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) was conducted to compare medication-free PD patients (n = 89) with healthy controls (n = 76) stratified by gender. Replication was sought in an independent sample (131 cases, 169 controls) and functional analyses were conducted in a third sample (N = 71). DNA methylation was assessed in whole blood using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. One genome-wide association surviving FDR of 5% (cg07308824, P = 1.094 × 10-7, P-adj = 0.046) was identified in female PD patients (N = 49) compared to controls (N = 48). The same locus, located in an enhancer region of the HECA gene, was also hypermethylated in female PD patients in the replication sample (P = 0.035) and the significance of the association improved in the meta-analysis (P-adj = 0.004). Methylation at this CpG site was associated with HECA mRNA expression in another independent female sample (N = 71) both at baseline (P = 0.046) and after induction by dexamethasone (P = 0.029). Of 15 candidates, 5 previously reported as associated with PD or anxiety traits also showed differences in DNA methylation after gene-wise correction and included SGK1, FHIT, ADCYAP1, HTR1A, HTR2A. Our study examines epigenome-wide differences in peripheral blood for PD patients. Our results point to possible sex-specific methylation changes in the HECA gene for PD but overall highlight that this disorder is not associated with extensive changes in DNA methylation in peripheral blood.
A molecular basis for water motion detection by the mechanosensory lateral line of zebrafish
Authors: Chou Shih-Wei , Chen Zongwei , Zhu Shaoyuan , Davis Robin W. , Hu Jiaqi , Liu Li , Fernando Carol A. , Kindig Kayla , Brown William C. , Stepanyan Ruben , McDermott Brian M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDetection of water motion by the lateral line relies on mechanotransduction complexes at stereocilia tips. This sensory system is comprised of neuromasts, patches of hair cells with stereociliary bundles arranged with morphological mirror symmetry that are mechanically responsive to two opposing directions. Here, we find that transmembrane channel-like 2b (Tmc2b) is differentially required for mechanotransduction in the zebrafish lateral line. Despite similarities in neuromast hair cell morphology, three classes of these cells can be distinguished by their Tmc2b reliance. We map mechanosensitivity along the lateral line using imaging and electrophysiology to determine that a hair cell’s Tmc2b dependence is governed by neuromast topological position and hair bundle orientation. Overall, water flow is detected by molecular machinery that can vary between hair cells of different neuromasts. Moreover, hair cells within the same neuromast can break morphologic symmetry of the sensory organ at the stereocilia tips.
Lipid moieties on lipoproteins of commensal and non-commensal staphylococci induce differential immune responses
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Thu , Uebele Julia , Kumari Nimerta , Nakayama Hiroshi , Peter Lena , Ticha Olga , Woischnig Anne-Kathrin , Schmaler Mathias , Khanna Nina , Dohmae Naoshi , Lee Bok Luel , Bekeredjian-Ding Isabelle , Götz Friedrich 
Published: December 2017

AbstractLipoproteins (Lpp) of Gram-positive bacteria are major players in alerting our immune system. Here, we show that the TLR2 response induced by commensal species Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis is almost ten times lower than that induced by noncommensal Staphylococcus carnosus, and this is at least partially due to their different modifications of the Lpp lipid moieties. The N terminus of the lipid moiety is acylated with a long-chain fatty acid (C17) in S. aureus and S. epidermidis, while it is acylated with a short-chain fatty acid (C2) in S. carnosus. The long-chain N-acylated Lpp, recognized by TLR2–TLR1 receptors, silences innate and adaptive immune responses, while the short-chain N-acetylated Lpp, recognized by TLR2–TLR6 receptors, boosts it.