bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forest decline has not reduced genetic diversity of naturally regenerated Norway spruce from the Beskids, Poland
Authors: Chomicz-Zegar Elżbieta , Nowakowska J. A. , Tereba A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNorway spruce forests decline in the Beskids raises concerns about reduction of genetic variation in a next generation of forest. We aim to determine whether the genetic diversity in declining spruce stands was successfully transmitted to its self-seeded progeny. Using three nuclear microsatellite markers, we carried out the genetic assessment of naturally regenerated progeny and compered them with their maternal stands at an initial stage of decline. We investigated three spruce stands from the Śląski and Żywiecki Beskid and one primeval forest from the Tatras, as a reference. We noticed a high level of gene diversity, allelic richness and an effective number of alleles in progeny of all stands, without differences between declining stands from the Beskids and the primeval forest. The gene diversity was similar in maternal trees and their offspring. Higher gene diversity and generally higher number of alleles were noticed in young generation of stands. Genetic identity between generations was high in analyzed seed stands and the highest in the primeval forest. The results we presented indicate no significant effect of drastic reduction in the population size due to the forest decline on the level of genetic variation in self-seeded progeny of Norway spruce from the Beskids.
Logging decreases the pollen dispersal distance in a low-density population of the tree Bagassa guianensis in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Arruda C. C. B. , Silva M. B. , Gribel R. , Lemes M. R. , Kanashiro M. , Sebbenn A. M. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This study investigates the distance and patterns of pollen dispersal before and after logging in a low-density population of the dioecious, insect pollinated tree species, Bagassa guianensis, in the Brazilian Amazon. All adult trees found before and after logging in a 500 ha plot were mapped and genotyped for six microsatellite loci. Seeds collected before and after logging were also sampled and genotyped. We used a categorical paternity analysis to determine seed paternity. Our results showed similar levels of pollen flow before (23%) and after logging (26%), but an increase in the mean effective pollination neighbourhood area, and a decrease in the rate of mating among relatives after logging, resulting in open pollinated seeds with lower levels of inbreeding (0.126) than before logging (0.222). We also detected changes in the mating pattern between before and after logging, a decrease in the median pollen dispersal distance and effective number of pollen donors after logging. Our results support the idea that reproductive trees should be maintained in the plot and around logged areas, using lowest levels of logging intensity to maintain pollen flow and decrease the relatedness of subsequent generations.
Line Rogue Waves in the Mel’nikov Equation
Authors: Shi Yongkang 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
General line rogue waves in the Mel’nikov equation are derived via the Hirota bilinear method, which are given in terms of determinants whose matrix elements have plain algebraic expressions. It is shown that fundamental rogue waves are line rogue waves, which arise from the constant background with a line profile and then disappear into the constant background again. By means of the regulation of free parameters, two subclass of nonfundamental rogue waves are generated, which are called as multirogue waves and higher-order rogue waves. The multirogue waves consist of several fundamental line rogue waves, which arise from the constant background and then decay back to the constant background. The higher-order rogue waves start from a localised lump and retreat back to it. The dynamical behaviours of these line rogue waves are demonstrated by the density and the three-dimensional figures.
The RNA helicase DHX9 establishes nucleolar heterochromatin, and this activity is required for embryonic stem cell differentiation
Authors: Leone Sergio , Bär Dominik , Slabber Coenraad Frederik , Dalcher Damian , Santoro Raffaella 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the regulation of chromatin conformation and epigenetic patterns. lncRNA expression levels are widely taken as an indicator for functional properties. However, the role of RNA processing in modulating distinct features of the same lncRNA is less understood. The establishment of heterochromatin at rRNA genes depends on the processing of IGS‐rRNA into pRNA, a reaction that is impaired in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and activated only upon differentiation. The production of mature pRNA is essential since it guides the repressor TIP5 to rRNA genes, and IGS‐rRNA abolishes this process. Through screening for IGS‐rRNA‐binding proteins, we here identify the RNA helicase DHX9 as a regulator of pRNA processing. DHX9 binds to rRNA genes only upon ESC differentiation and its activity guides TIP5 to rRNA genes and establishes heterochromatin. Remarkably, ESCs depleted of DHX9 are unable to differentiate and this phenotype is reverted by the addition of pRNA, whereas providing IGS‐rRNA and pRNA mutants deficient for TIP5 binding are not sufficient. Our results reveal insights into lncRNA biogenesis during development and support a model in which the state of rRNA gene chromatin is part of the regulatory network that controls exit from pluripotency and initiation of differentiation pathways.
Inactivation of γ‐secretases leads to accumulation of substrates and non‐Alzheimer neurodegeneration
Authors: Acx Hermien , Serneels Lutgarde , Radaelli Enrico , Muyldermans Serge , Vincke Cécile , Pepermans Elise , Müller Ulrike , Chávez‐Gutiérrez Lucía , De Strooper Bart 
Published: June 2017

Abstractγ‐Secretases are a family of intramembrane cleaving aspartyl proteases and important drug targets in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we generated mice deficient for all γ‐secretases in the pyramidal neurons of the postnatal forebrain by deleting the three anterior pharynx defective 1 (Aph1) subunits (Aph1abc cKO Cre+). The mice show progressive cortical atrophy, neuronal loss, and gliosis. Interestingly, this is associated with more than 10‐fold accumulation of membrane‐bound fragments of App, Aplp1, Nrg1, and Dcc, while other known substrates of γ‐secretase such as Aplp2, Lrp1, and Sdc3 accumulate to lesser extents. Despite numerous reports linking neurodegeneration to accumulation of membrane‐bound App fragments, deletion of App expression in the combined Aph1 knockout does not rescue this phenotype. Importantly, knockout of only Aph1a‐ or Aph1bc‐secretases causes limited and differential accumulation of substrates. This was not associated with neurodegeneration. Further development of selective Aph1‐γ‐secretase inhibitors should be considered for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Genetic Dissection of Nutrition-Induced Plasticity in Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling and Median Life Span in aDrosophilaMultiparent Population
Authors: Stanley Patrick D , Ng’oma Enoch , O’Day Siri , King Elizabeth G 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) and target of rapamycin (TOR) pathways have long been thought to be involved in how organisms..The nutritional environments that organisms experience are inherently variable, requiring tight coordination of how resources are allocated to different functions relative to the total amount of resources available. A growing body of evidence supports the hypothesis that key endocrine pathways play a fundamental role in this coordination. In particular, the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) and target of rapamycin (TOR) pathways have been implicated in nutrition-dependent changes in metabolism and nutrient allocation. However, little is known about the genetic basis of standing variation in IIS/TOR or how diet-dependent changes in expression in this pathway influence phenotypes related to resource allocation. To characterize natural genetic variation in the IIS/TOR pathway, we used &gt;250 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a multiparental mapping population, the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource, to map transcript-level QTL of genes encoding 52 core IIS/TOR components in three different nutritional environments [dietary restriction (DR), control (C), and high sugar (HS)]. Nearly all genes, 87%, were significantly differentially expressed between diets, though not always in ways predicted by loss-of-function mutants. We identified cis (i.e., local) expression QTL (eQTL) for six genes, all of which are significant in multiple nutrient environments. Further, we identified trans (i.e., distant) eQTL for two genes, specific to a single nutrient environment. Our results are consistent with many small changes in the IIS/TOR pathways. A discriminant function analysis for the C and DR treatments identified a pattern of gene expression associated with the diet treatment. Mapping the composite discriminant function scores revealed a significant global eQTL within the DR diet. A correlation between the discriminant function scores and the median life span (r = 0.46) provides evidence that gene expression changes in response to diet are associated with longevity in these RILs.
Structural Variation Shapes the Landscape of Recombination in Mouse
Authors: Morgan Andrew P , Gatti Daniel M , Najarian Maya L , Keane Thomas M , Galante Raymond J , Pack Allan I , Mott Richard , Churchill Gary A , de Villena Fernando Pardo-Manuel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMeiotic recombination ensures the faithful segregation of chromosomes and influences patterns of genetic diversity. Morgan et al. used genotype data..Meiotic recombination is an essential feature of sexual reproduction that ensures faithful segregation of chromosomes and redistributes genetic variants in populations. Multiparent populations such as the Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse stock accumulate large numbers of crossover (CO) events between founder haplotypes, and thus present a unique opportunity to study the role of genetic variation in shaping the recombination landscape. We obtained high-density genotype data from 6886 DO mice, and localized 2.2 million CO events to intervals with a median size of 28 kb. The resulting sex-averaged genetic map of the DO population is highly concordant with large-scale (order 10 Mb) features of previously reported genetic maps for mouse. To examine fine-scale (order 10 kb) patterns of recombination in the DO, we overlaid putative recombination hotspots onto our CO intervals. We found that CO intervals are enriched in hotspots compared to the genomic background. However, as many as 26% of CO intervals do not overlap any putative hotspots, suggesting that our understanding of hotspots is incomplete. We also identified coldspots encompassing 329 Mb, or 12% of observable genome, in which there is little or no recombination. In contrast to hotspots, which are a few kilobases in size, and widely scattered throughout the genome, coldspots have a median size of 2.1 Mb and are spatially clustered. Coldspots are strongly associated with copy-number variant (CNV) regions, especially multi-allelic clusters, identified from whole-genome sequencing of 228 DO mice. Genes in these regions have reduced expression, and epigenetic features of closed chromatin in male germ cells, which suggests that CNVs may repress recombination by altering chromatin structure in meiosis. Our findings demonstrate how multiparent populations, by bridging the gap between large-scale and fine-scale genetic mapping, can reveal new features of the recombination landscape.
Increased Power To Dissect Adaptive Traits in Global Sorghum Diversity Using a Nested Association Mapping Population
Authors: Bouchet Sophie , Olatoye Marcus O , Marla Sandeep R , Perumal Ramasamy , Tesso Tesfaye , Yu Jianming , Tuinstra Mitch , Morris Geoffrey P 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn crop species, adaptation to different agroclimatic regions creates useful variation but also leads to unwanted genetic correlations. Bouchet.......Adaptation of domesticated species to diverse agroclimatic regions has led to abundant trait diversity. However, the resulting population structure and genetic heterogeneity confounds association mapping of adaptive traits. To address this challenge in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]—a widely adapted cereal crop—we developed a nested association mapping (NAM) population using 10 diverse global lines crossed with an elite reference line RTx430. We characterized the population of 2214 recombinant inbred lines at 90,000 SNPs using genotyping-by-sequencing. The population captures ∼70% of known global SNP variation in sorghum, and 57,411 recombination events. Notably, recombination events were four- to fivefold enriched in coding sequences and 5′ untranslated regions of genes. To test the power of the NAM population for trait dissection, we conducted joint linkage mapping for two major adaptive traits, flowering time and plant height. We precisely mapped several known genes for these two traits, and identified several additional QTL. Considering all SNPs simultaneously, genetic variation accounted for 65% of flowering time variance and 75% of plant height variance. Further, we directly compared NAM to genome-wide association mapping (using panels of the same size) and found that flowering time and plant height QTL were more consistently identified with the NAM population. Finally, for simulated QTL under strong selection in diversity panels, the power of QTL detection was up to three times greater for NAM vs. association mapping with a diverse panel. These findings validate the NAM resource for trait mapping in sorghum, and demonstrate the value of NAM for dissection of adaptive traits.
Genome Diversity and Evolution in the Budding Yeasts (Saccharomycotina)
Authors: Dujon Bernard A , Louis Edward J 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Considerable progress in our understanding of yeast genomes and their evolution has been made over the last decade with the sequencing, analysis, and comparisons of numerous species, strains, or isolates of diverse origins. The role played by yeasts in natural environments as well as in artificial manufactures, combined with the importance of some species as model experimental systems sustained this effort. At the same time, their enormous evolutionary diversity (there are yeast species in every subphylum of Dikarya) sparked curiosity but necessitated further efforts to obtain appropriate reference genomes. Today, yeast genomes have been very informative about basic mechanisms of evolution, speciation, hybridization, domestication, as well as about the molecular machineries underlying them. They are also irreplaceable to investigate in detail the complex relationship between genotypes and phenotypes with both theoretical and practical implications. This review examines these questions at two distinct levels offered by the broad evolutionary range of yeasts: inside the best-studied Saccharomyces species complex, and across the entire and diversified subphylum of Saccharomycotina. While obviously revealing evolutionary histories at different scales, data converge to a remarkably coherent picture in which one can estimate the relative importance of intrinsic genome dynamics, including gene birth and loss, vs. horizontal genetic accidents in the making of populations. The facility with which novel yeast genomes can now be studied, combined with the already numerous available reference genomes, offer privileged perspectives to further examine these fundamental biological questions using yeasts both as eukaryotic models and as fungi of practical importance.
Eggs in Early Complementary Feeding and Child Growth: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Iannotti Lora L. , Lutter Chessa K. , Stewart Christine P. , Gallegos Riofrío Carlos Andres , Malo Carla , Reinhart Gregory , Palacios Ana , Karp Celia , Chapnick Melissa , Cox Katherine , Waters William F. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND:
Eggs are a good source of nutrients for growth and development. We hypothesized that introducing eggs early during complementary feeding would improve child nutrition.

METHODS:
A randomized controlled trial was conducted in Cotopaxi Province, Ecuador, from March to December 2015. Children ages 6 to 9 months were randomly assigned to treatment (1 egg per day for 6 months [n = 83]) and control (no intervention [n = 80]) groups. Both arms received social marketing messages to encourage participation in the Lulun Project (lulun meaning “egg” in Kichwa). All households were visited once per week to monitor morbidity symptoms, distribute eggs, and monitor egg intakes (for egg group only). Baseline and end point outcome measures included anthropometry, dietary intake frequencies, and morbidity symptoms.

RESULTS:
Mothers or other caregivers reported no allergic reactions to the eggs. Generalized linear regression modeling showed the egg intervention increased length-for-age z score by 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38–0.88) and weight-for-age z score by 0.61 (95% CI, 0.45–0.77). Log-binomial models with robust Poisson indicated a reduced prevalence of stunting by 47% (prevalence ratio [PR], 0.53; 95% CI, 0.37–0.77) and underweight by 74% (PR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10–0.70). Children in the treatment group had higher dietary intakes of eggs (PR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.28–1.92) and reduced intake of sugar-sweetened foods (PR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51–0.97) compared with control.

CONCLUSIONS:
The findings supported our hypothesis that early introduction of eggs significantly improved growth in young children. Generally accessible to vulnerable groups, eggs have the potential to contribute to global targets to reduce stunting.
HFM/EXED: The High Magnetic Field Facility for Neutron Scattering at BER II
Authors: Prokhnenko Oleksandr , Smeibidl Peter , Stein Wolf-Dieter , Bartkowiak Maciej , Stüsser Norbert 
Published: June 2017

An overview of the high magnetic field facility for neutron scattering at Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin (HZB) is given. The facility enables elastic and inelastic neutron scattering experiments in continuous magnetic fields up to 26.3 T combined with temperatures down to 0.6 K.
Visual Politics in American Dance Film: Representation and Disparity
Authors: Hagan Cara 
Published: June 2017

This article explores stylistic and demographic commonalities in American dance film through the curatorial lens of American Dance Festival’s Movies by Movers, an international dance film festival. While calling into question how the dance film community can be more aware of the culture created on screen by makers and presenters, I reveal instances of representational disparity found in American dance film while examining the relationship of dance film to ideologies perpetuated by mass media and the world of professional dance.
IJSD Volume 8 Editorial: Solo/Screen
Authors: Bench Harmony , Ellis Simon 
Published: June 2017

This volume did not start out as a themed issue, but similarities will emerge among any collection of essays when ideas and authors find themselves in proximity to one another. In our open call, we asked for screendance artists and scholars working at the intersection of film, dance, visual arts, and media arts to "expand and critique contemporary notions of screen-based images and changing choreographic practices, and [to] engage with theories and philosophies from interdisciplinary fields."[^1] An unanticipated commonality emerged among the contributions responding to this open invitation: solo performance. [^1]: "International Journal of Screendance Volume 8: Call for Papers." *Centre for Screendance*. May 17, 2016. <https://screendance.wordpress.com/2016/05/17/international-journal-of-screendance-volume-8-call-for-papers/>
I mostra de vídeos em alimentação infantil em Macaé: atividade extensionista de promoção da alimentação saudável
Authors: Capelli Jane De Carlos Santana , Lyrio Isadora De Freitas , Rocha Camilla Medeiros Macedo da , Silva Guilherme Alvarenga dos Santos , Marinho Leticia Maia Forte , Paredes Hugo Demezio Maia Torquato , Pires Karite Sarti , Bouskela Alice , Almeida Maria Fernanda Larcher de , Silva Juliana Pontes da , Sousa Vivian De Oliveira 
Published: June 2017

As práticas alimentares saudáveis iniciadas no primeiro ano de vida da criança são incentivadas no campo da saúde pública, pela sua relação positiva com o processo saúde doença. Uma das formas de promover a alimentação saudável ocorre por meio da educação permanente em saúde, tendo-se como uma das estratégias o uso de vídeos educativos voltados ao tema. Objetivou-se divulgar os principais resultados adquiridos com profissionais de saúde e sociedade em geral participantes da I Mostra de Videos em Alimentação Infantil (IMVAI), realizado no município de Macaé. A IMVAI aconteceu entre abril e julho de 2014, com profissionais de saúde e público em geral. Nas sessões, eram apresentados 2 vídeos sobre alimentação infantil, totalizando 45 minutos. Após os vídeos, era aberto para debate com o grupo. Um total de 176 ouvintes participou da IMVAI, sendo 83% constituídos por agentes comunitários de saúde. Os vídeos geraram debates sobre a prática do aleitamento materno e, principalmente, sobre o consumo de alimentos ricos em açúcar, gordura e sal. Conclui-se que a IMVAI atingiu cerca de 90% de profissionais de saúde, principalmente agentes comunitários de saúde de Macaé, possibilitando que as informações sejam multiplicadas em sua prática profissional.
Organização do trabalho de enfermagem nas estratégias de saúde da família do município de Cáceres-MT
Authors: Couto Garcia Eva Couto , Maria BarbosaCunha Sylvia Maria Barbosa , Rosane Maria Andrade Vasconcelos Rosane Maria Andrade , Rodrigues de Almeida Danyella Rodrigues , Aguilar Vânia Deluque 
Published: June 2017

Resumo Os profissionais da atenção básica devem ser capazes de planejar, organizar, desenvolver e avaliar ações que respondam às necessidades da comunidade e de articular os diversos setores envolvidos na promoção à saúde. Conhecer o perfil desses profissionais permite adotar medidas em prol de sua qualificação e melhor desempenho, para uma assistência mais adequada e de qualidade à população. Objetivo:Conhecer a Organização do Trabalho de Enfermagem nas Estratégias de Saúde da Família de Cáceres-MT. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quanti- qualitativa. A coleta de dados deu-se através de questionários aplicados aos profissionais Enfermeiros e Técnicos de Enfermagem das ESF do município de Cáceres, entre os meses de setembro e outubro de 2011. Resultado:Identificamos que a relação entre profissional e a comunidade atualmente é um processo que se encontra fragilizado. Afirmam que quase sempre se sentem satisfeitos com sua liberdade e autonomia no trabalho. Apontam os principais impedimentos que dificultam o trabalho, como a estrutura física inadequada, falta de recursos financeiros, materiais de procedimentos, escassez de medicamentos, baixa remuneração. Conclusão: A organização do trabalho não significa somente refletir à forma como o trabalho é desenvolvido e ordenado, mas pensar na totalidade que compõe este contexto e sua inserção social.
Contribuição do enfermeiro no processo de gerenciamento de custo nas instituições hospitalares
Authors: De Souza Silvia Emanoella Silva Martins , Da Silva André Ribeiro 
Published: June 2017

A prática de gerenciamento de custos em enfermagem no Brasil ainda é intimamente ministrada nas instituições de nível superior. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar quais são os modelos de gerenciamento de custos da enfermagem no Brasil. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados eletrônicas LILACS, MEDLINE, ColecionaSUS e bibliotecas virtuais Cochrane e SciELO, com recorte temporal entre os anos de 1980 a 2016. Concluiu-se que o gerenciamento de custos é essencial para a qualidade do serviço de enfermagem e que os estudos realizados no Brasil ainda são escassos e possuem metodologias pouco apuradas e com mínimo de aprofundamento na sua importância.Palavras-chave: Controle de Custos, Enfermagem, Gestão de Recursos.