bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐term salmon price forecasting
Authors: Bloznelis Daumantas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study establishes a benchmark for short‐term salmon price forecasting. The weekly spot price of Norwegian farmed Atlantic salmon is predicted 1–5 weeks ahead using data from 2007 to 2014. Sixteen alternative forecasting methods are considered, ranging from classical time series models to customized machine learning techniques to salmon futures prices. The best predictions are delivered byk‐nearest neighbors method for 1 week ahead; vector error correction model estimated using elastic net regularization for 2 and 3 weeks ahead; and futures prices for 4 and 5 weeks ahead. While the nominal gains in forecast accuracy over a naïve benchmark are small, the economic value of the forecasts is considerable. Using a simple trading strategy for timing the sales based on price forecasts could increase the net profit of a salmon farmer by around 7%.
Geochemistry of magnetite from theHuanggangskarn iron–tin polymetallic deposit in the southernGreat Xing'an Range, NE China
Authors: Mei Wei , Lü Xinbiao , Wang Xiangdong , Jiang Manrong , Fan Xiejun , Wang Shaobin , Wei Wei , Zhang Bin 
Published: July 2017

The Huanggang iron–tin polymetallic skarn deposit is located in the southern Great Xing'an Range. According to the ore types and mineral assemblages, the paragenetic sequence of the Huanggang deposit can be divided into three stages, and these magnetite grains were mainly formed at the retrograde and sulphide skarn stages. The magnetite (sample HG12‐13) from the early retrograde stage is represented by fine‐grained magnetite cutting across coarse‐grained magnetite surrounded by quartz and calcite. The magnetite (sample HG12‐73) from the late retrograde stage is locally replaced by haematite along the margin or interior and is surrounded by calcite. The magnetite (sample HG12‐88) from the early sulphide stage is characterized by obvious core–rim textural features. The magnetite (sample HG‐62) from the late sulphide stage is featured by zone‐like magnetite occurring along the margin and interior of the primary magnetite.Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to obtain trace element concentrations of magnetite from the different mineralization stages in order to better understand the geochemical variations in the ore‐forming process. Some magnetite grains have abnormally high Mg, Al, K, Cu, Zn, and Sn due to the presence of numerous inclusions (e.g., chlorite, sylvite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and cassiterite). In general, magnetite grains from the different mineralization stages demonstrate similar bulk continental crust normalized trace elements patterns, suggesting that they share a similar origin. The increasing Si + Al/Mg + Mn ratios and decreasing Mg + Mn contents for magnetite show an increasing fluid–rock ratio from the retrograde to sulphide stage. Co contents of magnetite decrease abruptly from the retrograde stage to the sulphide stage, whereas Mn contents show the reverse trend, which is affected by minerals coprecipitating with magnetite. A zoned magnetite from the sulphide stage shows decreasing Ti and V contents from core to outer rim; the variation of Ti and V may be related to the temperature or oxygen fugacity. Magnetite compositions from the Huanggang deposit are similar to those from Fe, Cu‐polymetallic, or other skarn deposits, but display more variable compositions than previously presented. Our study demonstrates that the evolution of magnetite in the skarn deposit and trace element of magnetite could be a powerful tool in determining the origin of skarn iron deposit.
Are country level prevalences of rule violations associated with knowledge overclaiming among students?
Authors: Fell Clemens B. , König Cornelius J. , Jung Sebastian , Sorg Daniel , Ziegler Matthias 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCultural norms of behaviour influence desirable and problematic behaviours of individuals. In particular, cultural norms should influence individuals' dishonesty. In a recent Nature study, prevalence of rule violations was introduced as a new country‐level measure of behavioural norms. However, information on individuals' actual honesty was not available due to characteristics of the experimental design. Overcoming this limitation, we show that country‐level behavioural norms are related to individual‐level knowledge overclaiming behaviour (i.e., claiming to know concepts that do not exist, a measure of individuals' actual behavioural dishonesty) among 290,954 students from 57 countries (from the 2012 PISA study). Our study represents a crucial test of the argument that cultural norms influence individual's behaviour and of the validity of the measurement of countries' prevalences of rule violations. These results imply that shaping the behaviour of today's students may result in new behavioural norms that emphasise honesty and rule adherence more strongly.
ASSESSING ANGELS IN THE NURSERY: A PILOT STUDY OF CHILDHOOD MEMORIES OF BENEVOLENT CAREGIVING AS PROTECTIVE INFLUENCES
Authors: Narayan Angela J. , Ippen Chandra Ghosh , Harris William W. , Lieberman Alicia F. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThis pilot study provides the first empirical test of the concept of “Angels in the Nursery” by examining whether childhood memories of benevolent caregiving experiences protect against heightened levels of psychopathology in high‐risk mothers. The study hypothesized that (a) elaborated childhood memories of feeling loved by a caregiver (“angel memories”) would moderate adulthood posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in mothers with childhood maltreatment histories, and (b) spontaneous traumatic intrusions (“ghost memories”) would mediate childhood maltreatment and adulthood PTSD symptoms. Participants were 54 mothers (M = 32.79 years, SD = 8.91; 59.2% African American, 13.0% Caucasian, 5.6% Latina, 22.2% biracial/multiracial) who completed standardized assessments of childhood maltreatment and adulthood PTSD symptoms, and a novel instrument, the Angels in the Nursery Interview (“Angels Interview,” Van Horn, Lieberman, & Harris, 2008). Results showed that angel memories significantly moderated childhood maltreatment and adulthood PTSD symptoms, consistent with a protective effect. Higher levels of ghost memories during the Angels Interview were significantly associated with more extensive childhood maltreatment, but did not mediate maltreatment and PTSD symptoms. Findings indicate that the Angels Interview can identify pathogenic intrusions rooted in childhood maltreatment and protective factors to promote maternal mental health and buffer the intergenerational transmission of trauma.
A sensitive UHPLC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of three lignans in human plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Kim Sook‐Jin , Shin Hwajin , Cheon Seong‐Moon , Ko Se‐mi , Ham Seong‐Ho , Kwon Young‐Dal , Lee Yong‐Bok , Cho Hea‐Young 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop an analytical method to simultaneously analyze schizandrin, schizandrol B, and gomisin N lignans in human plasma using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The three lignans were separated using a mobile phase of water and acetonitrile containing 0.02% acetic acid equipped with a Kinetex C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm). This analysis was achieved by multiple reaction monitoring mode in an electrospray interface. The mass transitions were m/z 433.1→384.0 for schizandrin, 398.8→367.8 for schizandrol B, and 400.6→299.8 for gomisin N. Liquid–liquid extraction with methyl tert‐butyl ether was used to obtain the three lignans. The chromatograms showed high resolution, sensitivity, and selectivity with no interference with plasma constituents. The calibration curves for the three lignans in human plasma were 0.05–50 ng/mL and displayed excellent linearity with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. Precision for all three lignans was within 11.23%. The accuracy was 88.3–99.0% for schizandrin, 90.6–103.4% for schizandrol B, and 90.2–103.5% for gomisin N. The developed simultaneous analytical method satisfied the criteria of international guidance and could be successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of three lignans after oral administration of Schisandrae Fructus extract powder to humans.
Wie der Beilstein den Krieg überstand
Authors: Wienhaus Otto 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDer Zweite Weltkrieg zerstörte ganze wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken, oder sie gingen in den Wirren nach dem Krieg verloren. Otto Wienhaus erlebte als Kind und Zeitzeuge, wie die Redaktion es schaffte, Beilsteins Handbuch der organischen Chemie davor zu bewahren.
Industrie in der Hochschule
Authors: Rakers Lena , Ernst Johannes 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAnfang Mai fand zum bereits sechsten Mal das Symposium „Forschung der Chemischen Industrie“ im Fachbereich Chemie und Pharmazie an der Universität Münster statt. Ziel der eintägigen Veranstaltung war der Austausch zwischen den Forschenden der Industrie und denen der Universität – diese Gelegenheit nutzten etwa 300 Teilnehmer. Organisiert wurde die Veranstaltung von Frank Glorius, Professor für organische Chemie. Die teilnehmenden Industrieunternehmen und der Sonderforschungsbereich Synergetische Effekte in der Chemie unterstützten finanziell.
Unter Arztvorbehalt
Authors: Sauer Susanne 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNaturwissenschaftler in Krankenhäusern und medizinischen Laboren verdienen weniger und haben schlechtere Aufstiegschancen als Mediziner, obwohl sie besser qualifiziert sind. Wenn sie sich benachteiligt fühlen, sind sie mit ihrer Arbeit weniger zufrieden. Das ergab eine Studie der Universität Marburg.
Imaging and management of fetuses and neonates with alloimmune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Kovanlikaya Arzu , Tiwari Priyanka , Bussel James B. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is the most common cause of severe neonatal thrombocytopenia and intracranial bleeding in term newborns. Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) commonly results in death or severe, lasting neurologic disability. The timing of ICH is also important for management of the next affected pregnancy in cases of FNAIT. This manuscript reviews the advantages and disadvantages of the different radiologic methodologies to identify and characterize ICH. It discusses the limits of ultrasound and the advantages of magnetic resonance imaging allowing avoidance of the radiation associated with computed tomography (CT) scans.
Large‐area flexible, transparent, and highly luminescent films containing lanthanide (III) complex‐doped ionic liquids for efficiency enhancement of silicon‐based heterojunction solar cell
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Wang Tianren , Qin Xiaoting , Zhang Zhongyi , Sun Yunyu , Liang Hongze , Li Huanrong 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTIonic liquid (IL)‐based lanthanide luminescent materials with luminescent downshifting properties are beneficial for enhancing the photovoltaic energy conversion efficiency (ηpv) of silicon‐based solar cells. Herein, novel lanthanide (III) complex‐doped ILs have been successfully prepared by simply dissolving the complex Ln(pybox)3 (Ln = Eu or Tb, pybox = 2,6‐bis[(4R)‐4‐phenyl‐2‐oxazolinyl]pyridine) into a bidentate organophosphine functionalized IL (1,3‐bis‐[3‐(diphenylphosphinyl)propyl]imidazolebis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide), showing improved luminescence efficiency attributed to the coordination of ILs with Ln3+ ions and thus occurrence of the energy transfer from ILs to Ln3+ ions and very high absolute quantum efficiency (up to 97.22%). Large area (17 × 17 cm2) flexible, transparent, and luminescent poly(methyl methacrylate) thin films were prepared through a simple drop‐casting method and were applied as luminescent downshifting coatings to the silicon‐based heterojunction solar cells (active area: 235 cm2). In the best case using the Tb3+‐containing film, the ηpv of the solar cell increases from 16.676 to 16.774%.
Quasi‐living copolymerization of ethylene with 1‐hexene by heteroligated (salicylaldiminato β‐enaminoketonato) titanium complexes
Authors: Long Ying‐Yun , Wang Yong‐Xia , Li Bai‐Xiang , Li Yan‐Guo , Li Yue‐Sheng 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTA series of heteroligated (salicylaldiminato)(β‐enaminoketonato)titanium complexes [3‐But‐2‐OC6H3CH = N(C6F5)] [PhN = C(R1)CHC(R2)O]TiCl2 [3a: R1 = CF3, R2 = tBu; 3b: R1 = Me, R2 = CF3; 3c: R1 = CF3, R2 = Ph; 3d: R1 = CF3, R2 = C6H4Ph(p); 3e: R1 = CF3, R2 = C6H4Ph(o); 3f: R = CF3, R2 = C6H4Cl(p); 3g: R1 = CF3; R2 = C6H3Cl2(2,5); 3h: R1 = CF3, R2 = C6H4Me(p)] were investigated as catalysts for ethylene (co)polymerization. In the presence of modified methylaluminoxane as a cocatalyst, these complexes showed activities about 50%–1000% and 10%–100% higher than their corresponding bis(β‐enaminoketonato) titanium complexes for ethylene homo‐ and ethylene/1‐hexene copolymerization, respectively. They produced high or moderate molecular weight copolymers with 1‐hexene incorporations about 10%–200% higher than their homoligated counterpart pentafluorinated FI‐Ti complex. Among them, complex 3b displayed the highest activity [2.06 × 106 g/molTi•h], affording copolymers with the highest 1‐hexene incorporations of 34.8 mol% under mild conditions. Moreover, catalyst 3h with electron‐donating group not only exhibited much higher 1‐hexene incorporations (9.0 mol% vs. 3.2 mol%) than pentafluorinated FI‐Ti complex but also generated copolymers with similar narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn = 1.20–1.26). When the 1‐hexene concentration in the feed was about 2.0 mol/L and the hexene incorporation of resultant polymer was about 9.0 mol%, a quasi‐living copolymerization behavior could be achieved. 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis of their resulting copolymers demonstrated the possible copolymerization mechanism, which was related with the chain initiation, monomer insertion style, chain transfer and termination during the polymerization process. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2787–2797
Backbone rearrangement during olefin capture as the rate limiting step in molecular olefin polymerization catalysis and its effect on comonomer affinity
Authors: Zaccaria Francesco , Cipullo Roberta , Budzelaar Peter H. M. , Busico Vincenzo , Ehm Christian 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTAvailable experimental data for several metallocenes indicate that the ethene/propene copolymerization ratio rc can be much more temperature dependent than would be expected if competing insertion transition states (TS) are rate limiting. Detailed exploration of the reaction paths reveals in several cases the existence of a “capture‐like” transition state before the actual insertion, with free energies close to the insertion TS. Movement around these transition states does not just involve monomer and chain, but also clear distortion of the ligand skeleton to allow entry of the monomer. Taking these additional TSs into account leads to much improved agreement with experiment for a series of metallocenes and a constrained geometry catalyst system. Depending on catalyst and temperature, selectivity is determined by competing insertion/insertion, capture/insertion or capture/capture. It seems likely that this is a common situation especially for highly efficient catalysts, complicating (but not preventing) prediction of copolymerization performance. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2807–2814
Synergy between Auraptene, Ionizing Radiation, and Anticancer Drugs in Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Moussavi Mahdi , Haddad Farhang , Rassouli Fatemeh B. , Iranshahi Mehrdad , Soleymanifard Shokouhozaman 
Published: July 2017

Colorectal cancer is a growing health concern with increasing mortality rates, and resistance to anticancer drugs and radiotherapy is a serious drawback in its treatment. Auraptene is a natural prenyloxycoumarin with valuable anticancer effects. The aim of current study was to determine the synergy between auraptene, ionizing radiation, and chemotherapeutic drugs in colon adenocarcinoma cells for the first time. To do so, HT29 cells were treated with combination of auraptene + cisplatin, + doxorubicin, or + vincristine. Furthermore, cells were pretreated with nontoxic auraptene and then exposed to various doses of X‐radiation. Assessment of cell viability not only indicated significant (p < 0.05) synergic effects of auraptene and anticancer agents, also revealed more significant (p < 0.01) increase in the toxicity of applied radiations in auraptene pretreated cells. Interesting synergy between auraptene and radiotherapy was then confirmed by morphological alterations, DAPI staining, and flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle. Moreover, real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated significant (p < 0.01) overexpression of p21, but not GATA6, in auraptene pretreated cells after radiotherapy, and also significant (p < 0.01) down regulation of CD44 and ALDH1 by auraptene. According to present results, auraptene could be considered as an effective natural coumarin to improve the outcome of current chemoradiotherapy options. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the oxidation states and structural stability of the Ce analogue of brannerite
Authors: Aluri Esther Rani , Bachiu Lisa M. , Grosvenor Andrew P. , Forbes Scott H. , Greedan John E. 
Published: July 2017

The Ce‐containing analogue of brannerite (ie, UTi2O6) was previously considered to be stoichiometric (ie, CeTi2O6); however, it has recently been determined that the material is O deficient. This oxygen‐deficient material has been suggested to be charged balanced by the presence of a minor concentration of Ce3+ or by the A‐site being cation deficient with the Ce oxidation state being 4+. A variety of Ti‐containing oxides (including brannerite) have been investigated as potential nuclear wasteforms, and it is necessary to understand the electronic structure of a proposed nuclear wasteform material as well as how the structure responds to radiation from incorporated waste elements. The radiation resistance of a material can be simulated by ion implantation. The objective of this study was to confirm the Ce oxidation state in the cation‐ and oxygen‐deficient material (ie, Ce0.94Ti2O6 − δ) and to determine how radiation damage affects this material. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X‐ray absorption near‐edge spectroscopy were used to study Ce0.94Ti2O6 − δ before and after being implanted with 2 MeV Au− ions. Analysis of the Ce 3d XPS spectra from the as‐synthesized samples by using a previously developed fitting method has unequivocally shown that Ce adopts both 4+ (major) and 3+ (minor) oxidation states, which was confirmed by examination of magnetic susceptibility data. Analysis of XPS and X‐ray absorption near‐edge spectroscopy spectra from ion‐implanted materials showed that both Ce and Ti were reduced because of radiation damage and that the local coordination environments of the cations are greatly affected by radiation damage.
Stable isotope (δD–δ18O) relationships of ice facies and glaciological structures within the mid-latitude maritime Fox Glacier, New Zealand
Authors: Appleby John R. , Brook Martin S. , Horton Travis W. , Fuller Ian C. , Holt Katherine A. , Quincey Duncan J. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTRelationships between stable isotopes (δD–δ18O), ice facies and glacier structures have hitherto gone untested in the mid-latitude maritime glaciers of the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we present δD–δ18O values as part of a broader study of the structural glaciology of Fox Glacier, New Zealand. We analyzed 94 samples of δD–δ18O from a range of ice facies to investigate whether isotopes have potential for structural glaciological studies of a rapidly deforming glacier. The δD–δ18O measurements were aided by structural mapping and imagery from terminus time-lapse cameras. The current retreat phase was preceded by an advance of 1 km between 1984 and 2009, with the isotopic sampling and analysis undertaken at the end of that advance (2010/11). Stable isotopes from debris-bearing shear planes near the terminus, interpreted as thrust faults, are isotopically enriched compared with the surrounding ice. When plotted on co-isotopic diagrams (δD–δ18O), ice sampled from the shear planes appears to show a subtle, but distinctive isotopic signal compared with the surrounding clean ice on the lower glacier. Hence, stable isotopes (δD–δ18O) have potential within the structural glaciology field, but larger sample numbers than reported here may be required to establish isotopic contrasts between a broad range of ice facies and glacier structures.
Not a one-trick pony: Diverse connectivity and functions of the rodent lateral geniculate complex
Authors: MONAVARFESHANI ABOOZAR , SABBAGH UBADAH , FOX MICHAEL A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractOften mislabeled as a simple relay of sensory information, the thalamus is a complicated structure with diverse functions. This diversity is exemplified by roles visual thalamus plays in processing and transmitting light-derived stimuli. Such light-derived signals are transmitted to the thalamus by retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the sole projection neurons of the retina. Axons from RGCs innervate more than ten distinct nuclei within thalamus, including those of the lateral geniculate complex. Nuclei within the lateral geniculate complex of nocturnal rodents, which include the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN), and intergeniculate leaflet (IGL), are each densely innervated by retinal projections, yet, exhibit distinct cytoarchitecture and connectivity. These features suggest that each nucleus within this complex plays a unique role in processing and transmitting light-derived signals. Here, we review the diverse cytoarchitecture and connectivity of these nuclei in nocturnal rodents, in an effort to highlight roles for dLGN in vision and for vLGN and IGL in visuomotor, vestibular, ocular, and circadian function.
The yolk syncytial layer of loach,Misgurnus fossilis(Teleostei) during early development
Authors: Kondakova Ekaterina , Neklyudova Irina , Efremov Vladimir 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe yolk syncytial layer (YSL) of Teleostei is a dynamic multifunctional temporary system. This paper describes the YSL structure ofMisgurnus fossilis(Cobitidae) during its early developmental stages, studied using histological methods. YSL formation is prolonged. From the late blastula stage, the basal surface of the YSL is uneven and has protuberances, but becomes smoother during development. There are syncytial ‘islands’ with 1–2 yolk syncytial nuclei in the yolk mass. During epiboly, gastrulation and early segmentation, loach YSL is of different thickness in different regions along the dorso-ventral and antero-posterior axes of an embryo. The YSL is thickened in the dorsal region of gastrulae compared with the ventral region. Although the development ofM.fossilisis similar to the development of zebrafish, there are important differences in YSL formation and organization that await further study and analysis. The study of YSL organization contributes to our knowledge of teleost developmental diversity and to the biology of temporary structures.