bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ground temperature changes on the Kaffiøyra Plain (Spitsbergen) in the summer seasons, 1975–2014
Authors: Araźny Andrzej , Przybylak Rajmund , Kejna Marek 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the results of research on changes in ground temperature down to 50 cm depth, on the Kaffiøyra Plain, Spitsbergen in the summer seasons. To achieve this, measurement data were analysed from three different ecotopes (CALM Site P2A, P2B and P2C) – a beach, a moraine and tundra – collected during 22 polar expeditions between 1975 and 2014. To ensure comparability, data sets for the common period from 21 July to 31 August (referred to as the “summer season” further in the text) were analysed. The greatest influence on temperature across the investigated ground layers comes from air temperature (correlation coefficients ranging from 0.61 to 0.84). For the purpose of the analysis of the changes in ground temperature in the years 1975–2014, missing data for certain summer seasons were reconstructed on the basis of similar data from a meteorological station at Ny-Ålesund. The ground temperature at the Beach site demonstrated a statistically-significant growing trend: at depths from 1 to 10 cm the temperature increased by 0.27–0.28°C per decade, and from 20 to 50 cm by as much as 0.30°C per decade. On the Kaffiøyra Plain, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has a greater influence on the ground and air temperature than the Arctic Oscillation (AO).
Impact of reflecting land surface on radiation environment over Hornsund, Spitsbergen – a model study for cloudless skies
Authors: Rozwadowska Anna , Górecka Izabela 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This paper addresses the influence of land topography and cover on 3D radiative effects under cloudless skies in the Hornsund area, Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The authors used Monte Carlo simulations of solar radiation transfer over a heterogeneous surface to study the impact of a non-uniform surface on: (1) the spatial distribution of irradiance transmittance at the fjord surface under cloudless skies; (2) the spectral shortwave aerosol radiative forcing at the fjord surface; (3) normalized nadir radiance at the Top Of the Atmosphere (TOA) over the fjord. The modelled transmittances and radiances over the fjord are compared to the transmittances and radiances over the open ocean under the same conditions. The dependence of the 3D radiative effects on aerosol optical thickness, aerosol type, surface albedo distribution, solar azimuth and zenith angle and spectral channel is discussed. The analysis was done for channels 3 (459-479 nm) and 2 (841-876 nm) of the MODIS radiometer. In the simulations a flat water surface was assumed. The study shows that snow-covered land surrounding the fjord strongly modifies the radiation environment over the fjord surface. The enhancement of the mean irradiance transmittance over the fjord with respect to the open ocean is up to 0.06 for channel 3. The enhancement exceeds 0.11 in the vicinity of sunlit cliffs. The influence of the snow-covered land on the TOA radiance over the fjord in channel 3 is comparable to the impact of an increase in aerosol optical thickness of over 100%, and in lateral fjords of up to several hundred percent. The increase in TOA radiance is wavelength dependent. These effects may affect retrievals of aerosol optical thickness.
The influence of short-term cold stress on the metabolism of non-structural carbohydrates in polar grasses
Authors: Łopieńska-Biernat Elżbieta , Pastorczyk Marta , Giełwanowska Irena , Żółtowska Krystyna , Stryiński Robert , Zaobidna Ewa 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPlants adapt to extremely low temperatures in polar regions by maximizing their photosynthetic efficiency and accumulating cryoprotective and osmoprotective compounds. Flowering plants of the family Poaceae growing in the Arctic and in the Antarctic were investigated. Their responses to cold stress were analyzed under laboratory conditions. Samples were collected after 24 h and 48 h of cold treatment. Quantitative and qualitative changes of sugars are found among different species, but they can differ within a genus of the family Poaceae. The values of the investigated parameters in Poa annua differed considerably depending to the biogeographic origin of plants. At the beginning of the experiment, Antarctic plants were acclimatized in greenhouse characterized by significantly higher content of sugars, including storage reserves, sucrose and starch, but lower total protein content. After 24 h of exposure to cold stress, much smaller changes in the examined parameters were noted in Antarctic plants than in locally grown specimens. Total sugar content and sucrose, starch and glucose levels were nearly constant in P. annua, but they varied significantly. Those changes are responsible for the high adaptability of P. annua to survive and develop in highly unsupportive environments and colonize new regions.
A new method to measure flow in professional tasks – A FLOW-W questionnaire (FLOW at Work)
Authors: Wolfigiel Beata , Czerw Agnieszka 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The aim of the article is to present a new Polish tool for measuring the flow experience in professional tasks - a FLOW-W Questionnaire. The questionnaire was inspired by Csikszentmihalyi’s (1990) flow theory and flow in Bakker’s work (2008). On its basis a set of positions was established, on which subsequently an exploratory (study 1, N = 101) and confirmatory (study 2, N = 275) factor analysis was conducted. The analysis showed the possibility of a uni- or bifactorial solution. After checking the theoretical and empirical validity of both solutions, the unifactorial solution was adopted. The validity of the questionnaire was examined, i.a. by correlations with theoretically related variables: work engagement with the UWES questionnaire (Szabowska-Walaszczyk, Zawadzka, Wojtaś, 2011) and affect at work (Zalewska, 2002). The studies showed a significant positive correlation between flow at work and work engagement (0.84) and between flow and positive affect (0.74). The reliability of the questionnaire is very high; α = 0.96. The tool has very good psychometric properties.
Locus of control and styles of coping with stress in students educated at Polish music and visual art schools – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nogaj Anna Antonina 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The article focuses on identifying differences in the locus of control and styles of coping with stress among young students who are artistically gifted within the fields of music and visual arts. The research group includes Polish students (n = 354) of both music and visual art schools who develop their artistic talents in schools placing particular emphasis on professional training of their artistic abilities and competences within the field of music or visual arts respectively. We make an assumption that different types of difficult situations experienced by youth educated at music and visual art schools may generate differences in dominating personal traits as well as in their sphere of emotions. The results of crosssectional research in 2013 confirm the assumption regarding differences among music and visual art school students both with regard to the source of the locus of control, understood as the personality variable, and dominating styles of coping with stress. Moreover, a positive correlation between the tendency towards internal locus of control and a task-oriented style of coping with stress in difficult situations has been observed in music school students.
When is a lie more of a lie? Moral judgment mediates the relationship between perceived benefits of others and lie-labeling
Authors: Cantarero Katarzyna , Szarota Piotr 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Lay perceptions of lying are argued to consist of a lie prototype. The latter was found to entail the intention to deceive, belief in falsity and falsity (Coleman & Kay, 1981). We proposed and found that the perceptions of the benefits of others are also an important factor that influences the extent, to which an act of intentional misleading someone to foster a false belief is labeled as a lie. Drawing from the intuitionist model of moral judgments (Haidt, 2001) we assumed that moral judgment of the behaviour would mediate the relationship. In Study 1 we analyzed data coming from a crosscultural project and found that perceived intention to benefit others was negatively related to lie labeling and that this relationship was mediated by the moral judgment of that act. In Study 2 we found that manipulating the benefits of others influenced the extent, to which an act of intentional misleading in order to foster a false belief is labeled as a lie and that, again, this relationship is mediated by the moral judgment of that act.
Challenges and Opportunities in Drug Administration: The Twelve Tasks of Infusorix!
Authors: Bussières Jean-François 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe objective of this paper was to present 12 examples of the challenges of parenteral drug administration that hospital pharmacists and other clinicians face. These examples were presented as part of a talk during the International Symposium on Infusion Technologies in November 2016. Issues included the safety and compatibility of syringes, filtration, smart pumps, beyond-use dates, closed-system transfer devices, risk measurement, traceability and labeling.
Enzymatic reduction of U60 nanoclusters by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
Authors: Yu Qiang , Fein Jeremy B. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this study, a series of reduction experiments were conducted using a representative uranyl peroxide nanocluster, U60 (K16Li44[UO2(O2)OH]60) and a bacterial species, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, that is capable of enzymatic U(VI) reduction. U60 was reduced by S. oneidensis in the absence of O2, but the reduction kinetics for U60 were significantly slower than was observed in this study for aqueous uranyl acetate, and were faster than was reported in previous studies for solid phase U(VI). Our results indicate that U60 aggregates bigger than 0.2 μm formed immediately upon mixing with the bacterial growth medium, and that these aggregates were gradually broken down during the process of reduction. Neither reduction nor dissolution of U60 was observed during 72 h of control experiments open to the atmosphere, indicating that the breakdown and dissolution of U60 aggregates is caused by the reduction of U60, and that S. oneidensis is capable of direct reduction of the U(VI) within the U60 nanoclusters, likely due to the adsorption of U60 aggregates onto bacterial cells. This study is first to show the reduction capacity of bacteria for uranyl peroxide nanoclusters, and the results yield a better understanding of the long term fate of uranium in environmental systems in which uranyl peroxide nanoclusters are present.
Sorption of Eu(III) at feldspar/water interface: effects of pH, organic matter, counter ions, and temperature
Authors: Li Ping , Wu Hanyu , Liang Jianjun , Yin Zhuoxin , Pan Duoqiang , Fan Qiaohui , Xu Di , Wu Wangsuo 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The sorption of Eu(III) on potassium feldspar (K-feldspar) was studied under various physicochemical conditions such as pH, temperature, counter ions and organic matter. The results showed that the sorption of Eu(III) on K-feldspar significantly increased with the increase of pH, and high Eu(III) concentration can inhibit such immobility to some extent. The presence of humic acid (HA) can increase the sorption of Eu(III) on K-feldspar in low pH range; while inhibit to a large extent under alkaline conditions. It is very interesting that at pH ~6.5, high ionic strength can promote the sorption of Eu(III) on K-feldspar in the presence of HA. In contrast, Eu(III) sorption was restricted obviously by NaCl in the absence of HA. The sorption procedure was involved with ion exchange and/or outer-sphere complexation as well as inner-sphere complexation. The presence of F− and PO4
3− dramatically enhanced Eu(III) sorption on K-feldspar, whereas both SO4
2− and CO3
2− had negative effects on Eu(III) sorption. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated that Eu(III) tended to form hydrolysates at high initial concentration (3×10−4 mol/L) and high temperature (338 K).
Prevalence and Fitness of Diabetics in Hisar, Haryana, India
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Malik Manoj , Sharma Parul , Sangwan Sumedha , Kulandaivelan S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground and Aims: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which is increasing in older adults. The increasing proportion of elderly persons is contributing to an increase in the prevalence of diabetes. The aim of this study is to analyse the prevalence of Diabetes among active young and middle age subjects and active old age subjects in Hisar district, India. Material and Methods: A total of 400 subjects were screened from Hisar district, India who were physically active then they were allocated groups based on age group A (ranging between 25-50 years) and group B (ranging between 51-75years). A Glucometer device was used to check sugar level and 6 Minute Walk Test (MWT) was used to check fitness level because a higher value obtained in 6MWT is associated with an improved fitness level. Result and conclusion: Among the 400 participants studied, 43.5% participants were pre diabetics 32.5% were diabetic and 24% were non diabetic. Therefore, this study found that almost three fourth of the total population in all age spectrums had abnormal glucose metabolism in the form of either diabetes or Pre Diabetes. The prevalence of Diabetes was more in the older patient group. The differences between the two groups for 6MWT was found to be significant.
The Treatment of Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy
Authors: Miulescu Rucsandra Dănciulescu , Mihai Andrada Doina 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Hypothyroidism is a pathologic condition generated by the thyroid hormone deficiency. The American Thyroid Association advises for the screening of hypothyroidism beginning at 35 years and thereafter every 5 years in people at high risk for this condition: females older than 60 years, pregnant women, patients with other autoimmune disease or patients with a history of neck irradiation. In pregnant women, hypothyroidism can been associated with adverse effect for both mother and child. The „Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and Postpartum“ recommends the treatment of maternal overt hypothyroidism: females with a thyrotropin (TSH) level higher than the trimester-specific reference interval and decreased free thyroxine (FT4), and females for which TSH level is higher than 10.0 mIU/L, irrespective of the FT4 value, with administration of oral levothyroxine. The goal of treatment of maternal overt hypothyroidism is to bring back the serum TSH values to the reference range specific for the pregnancy trimester. The Guidelines of the „European Thyroid Association for the Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy and in Children“ recommends treatment of pregnancy associated subclinical hypothyroidism with the following levothyroxine doses: „1.20 μg/kg/day for TSH≤4.2 mU/l, 1.42 μg/kg/day for TSH >4.2-10 and 2.33 μg/kg/day for overt hypothyroidism“. The „Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and Postpartum“ and the „European Thyroid Association for the Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy and in Children“ do not recommend the treatment of isolated hypothyroxinemia in pregnancy.
Pulmonary thromboembolism in an emergency hospital: Are our patients different?
Authors: Balahura Ana Maria , Guţă Andrada , Mihalcea Vlad , Weiss Emma , Dorobanţu Maria , Bartoş Daniela , Bădilă Elisabeta , Dan Gheorghe Andrei 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Introduction. Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) represents a medical emergency and is the third most common cause of mortality after myocardial infarction and stroke. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics and management of patients with PTE admitted in a referral emergency hospital in Romania.

Material and methods. We retrospectively reviewed all cases of PTE diagnosed in one of the largest emergency hospitals in Bucharest during a 2-year period (January 2014 – December 2016). Patients with acute PTE were identified by a database search of the diagnostic codes of all discharge diagnoses. Demographic, clinical and paraclinical tests data was retrieved from medical records.

Results. 221 patients (48.87% male, mean age 61.76 years (range 21-94 years)) were diagnosed with PTE in our hospital (0.31% of all hospitalizations). Dyspnea was the most frequent symptom reported (78.9%), followed by pleuritic chest pain (23.9%) and unilateral leg pain (15.8%). Upon presentation, 12.6% of patients had high-risk PTE. Up to 72.8% of patients had at least one thrombotic risk factor, while cancer (14%) was the most frequent amongst them. The mean length of hospitalization was 10.3 ± 4.6 days. Unfractioned heparin (UFH) was the preferred anticoagulant during hospital stay (73.7%, p < 0.001). Vitamin K antagonists (AVK) were the preferred anticoagulant (71.7%, p < 0.001) after discharge, whereas non-antivitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOAC) were recommended in 26.3% of patients. Thrombolysis was used in 18 (8.4%) cases. Mortality was 0.9%. Younger patients more frequently associated thrombophilia or a previous thromboembolic event and clinical signs of DVT at presentation. Older patients associated more frequently a history of hospitalization for heart failure or atrial fibrillation during the previous 3 months and a history of cancer. The clinical presentation in older patients was more severe, with higher PESI scores (103.6 ± 33.4 vs. 55.5 ± 17.9, p<0.001) and a longer hospital stay (10.7 ± 4.7 vs. 9.2 ± 3.9, p = 0.03). The type of anticoagulant treatment did not differ depending on age.

Conclusion. In our emergency hospital, PTE is a relatively rare cause of hospitalization; the rate is, however, comparable with other major hospitals. Dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain was the clinical presentation dyad. UFH was the preferred anticoagulant for in-hospital treatment while AVK was the preferred option for long term treatment and recurrence prophylaxis; however an increasing number of patients are prescribed NOAC. In older patients clinical severity was higher upon presentation, hospitalization duration was increased and cancer was more frequently associated. Younger patients associated more frequently a primary hypercoagulable state and recurrent thromboembolism. Mortality rate was low during hospitalization, comparable with that seen in other studied populations.
Intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke – our experience
Authors: Cuciureanu Tudor , Hodorog Diana , Cuciureanu Iulian Dan 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Stroke is a major health problem worldwide and nationally: the second leading cause of death and dementia, the most common cause of epilepsy in the elderly, and a common cause of depression. Stroke is associated with an increased rate of morbidity, but it is also the leading cause of long-term morbidity and disability in industrialized countries. Thrombolysis by administering intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA) is the only treatment method “in the therapeutic window” recognized in international protocols. The benefit-risk ratio should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis, with the neurologist’s decision being individual and often difficult. The aim of our study was to analyze the outcome of this procedure in our hospital since 2015. We performed a retrospective clinical study of 77 patients with acute ischemic stroke subjected to IV-rtPA. Most patients with ischemic stroke undergoing intravenous thrombolysis did not receive chronic antithrombotictherapy. In most cases (76%) there was a decrease in the NIHSS score at 24 hours after thrombolysis and especially after 7 days (between 3 and 19 points), reflecting a reduction in poststroke disability in thrombolyzed patients. In the series of patients undergoing i.v. thrombolysis 5 deaths (10%) were recorded, the lowestrate of data/death ratereported in the literature (14-18%).
Management of subdural chronic hematoma in Colombia: national survey
Authors: Morales-Cabeza Marticela , Agrawal Amit , Alcala-Cerra Gabriel , Padilla-Zambrano Huber S. , Rubiano Andres M. , Pacheco-Hernandez Alfonso , Moscote-Salazar Luis Gabriel , Alvis-Miranda Hernando , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Chronic subdural hematoma is a growing neurological pathology, especially in older people. Thus, describing how this entity is approached in Colombia is of great importance because it allows to evaluate and contrast this approach with that of other countries, comparing the techniques used, therapeutic management and additional measures. In this study, this comparison was carried out using a self-administered survey with 16 multiple-choice items. The results were evaluated in Microsoft Excel, determining measures of central tendency accompanied by frequencies and percentages. As an initial management, 75.5% preferred to use 1Burr Hole and, in cases of recurrence, craniotomy is the choice in 50% of cases. Regarding the placement of drainage, its use was estimated to be 83.3%, especially the subdural system closed to external drainage, with a preference of 85.2%, and without use of corticosteroids as adjuvant therapy in 88.9 % of respondents. These data are consistent with the results of studies in other countries regarding the management of this pathology.
Post V-P shunt surgical site EDH an uncommon complication: case report
Authors: Garg Manish , Sachdeva Deepashu , Patel Ketan , Jagetia Anita , Srivastava A. K. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
ventriculoparitoneal shunt is well established modality of treatment for hydrocephalous. Complication of v-p shunt are also mentioned in literature like shunt infection shunt migration etc [8]. Here we are describing a rare complication of vp shunt which barely mentioned in literature. A 22 yr male admitted with complain of headache & vomiting patient was diagnosed to have tubercular meningities with hydrocephalous. Patient planned for ventriculoparietoneal shunt surgery and vp shunt was done. On 3rd post-surgery day patient develop weakness in Left side of body. Urgent ncct head done which showed EDH at surgical site. Immediate craniotomy and evacuation of hematoma was done patient improved and discharged. Thus we are discussing the importance of meticulous surgery for v-p shunt, post op ct scan and treatment.