bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The factors affecting beach handball players’ in Turkey starting sport and their future expectations<p>Türkiye’deki plaj hentbolu sporcularının spora başlamasına etki eden unsurlar ve spordan gelecek beklentileri
Authors: Zorba Ercan , Göksel Ali Gürel 
Published: July 2016

The aim of this research is to determine the personal variables, reasons for selecting and competing in this field and expectations of beach handball players in Turkey. According to the data of the questionnaire, the coherent reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was calculated as .7826. The relationship between the reasons for their choosing and playing this sport and their expectations were analyzed in terms of the gender, age, education department, sport age, monthly family income and hometown experience variables by considering percentage and frequency parameters by using t-test and one-way analysis of variance for p<0.05. The findings of the research show determine the personal variables, reasons for selecting and competing in this field and expectations of beach handball players’ gender, age, education department, sport age, monthly family income, hometown and parental education status variables were not cause statistically significant relationship and it was determined that there was statistically significant differences between the reasons for selecting and competing in this field and expectations points of beach handball players according to the parental education status (p>0,05). ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki plaj hentbolu sporcularının kişisel değişkenleri, bu spor branşına yönelme nedenleri, bu branşla uğraşma nedenleri ve bu spordan gelecek beklentilerinin belirlenmesidir. Anketten elde edilen verilere dayalı olarak anketin iç tutarlılık güvenilirlik katsayısı .7826 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, yüzde ve frekans değerleri alınarak cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim aldığı bölüme, spor yapma yılına, aylık aile geliri, yetiştiği yer ve anne-baba eğitim durumu değişkenleri ile bu spor branşına yönelme nedenleri, uğraşma nedenleri ve bu spordan gelecek beklentileri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi için t- testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmış ve p<0.05 düzeyinde anlamlılık aranmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları; plaj hentbolu sporcularının kişisel değişkenleri, bu spor branşına yönelme nedenleri, bu branşla uğraşma nedenleri ve bu spordan gelecek beklentilerinin cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim aldığı bölüme, spor yapma yılına, aylık aile geliri, yetiştiği yer değişkenleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişkinin bulunmadığını göstermiştir. Katılımcıların sporla uğraşma nedenleri ve spordan gelecek beklentileri puanları incelendiğinde anne-baba eğitim durumu değişkeni bakımından anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir. (p<0.05).
Electronic structure predictions in Bi-O-S systems
Authors: Morice Corentin , Artacho Emilio , Saxena Siddharth S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBi4O4S3 was the first superconductor discovered in the BiS2 family of novel superconductors. The subfamily of Bi-O-S systems now expanded andwas probed both theoretically and experimentally. Here we review the experimentalwork done on the Bi-O-S compounds, and compare it with theoretical results obtained using ab-initio methods. In particular we calculate the charge carrier density using an ab-initio calculated density of states, and find a really close agreement with experimental data.
Developmental Outcomes of Late Preterm Infants From Infancy to Kindergarten
Authors: Shah Prachi , Kaciroti Niko , Richards Blair , Oh Wonjung , Lumeng Julie C. 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To compare developmental outcomes of late preterm infants (34–36 weeks’ gestation) with infants born at early term (37–38 weeks’ gestation) and term (39–41 weeks’ gestation), from infancy through kindergarten.

METHODS:
Sample included 1000 late preterm, 1800 early term, and 3200 term infants ascertained from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort. Direct assessments of development were performed at 9 and 24 months by using the Bayley Short Form–Research Edition T-scores and at preschool and kindergarten using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort reading and mathematics θ scores. Maternal and infant characteristics were obtained from birth certificate data and parent questionnaires. After controlling for covariates, we compared mean developmental outcomes between late preterm and full-term groups in serial cross-sectional analyses at each timepoint using multilinear regression, with pairwise comparisons testing for group differences by gestational age categories.

RESULTS:
With covariates controlled at all timepoints, at 9 months late preterm infants demonstrated less optimal developmental outcomes (T = 47.31) compared with infants born early term (T = 49.12) and term (T = 50.09) (P &lt; .0001). This association was not seen at 24 months, (P = .66) but reemerged at preschool. Late preterm infants demonstrated less optimal scores in preschool reading (P = .0006), preschool mathematics (P = .0014), and kindergarten reading (P = .0007) compared with infants born at term gestation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although late preterm infants demonstrate comparable developmental outcomes to full-term infants (early term and full-term gestation) at 24 months, they demonstrate less optimal reading outcomes at preschool and kindergarten timepoints. Ongoing developmental surveillance for late preterm infants is warranted into preschool and kindergarten.
Platelet‐Rich Fibrin With 1.2% Rosuvastatin for Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Pradeep A.R. , Garg Vibhuti , Kanoriya Dharmendra , Singhal Sandeep 
Published: July 2016

Background: Regenerative periodontal therapy encompasses use of various bioactive agents that are not only inflammomodulatory but also osteoclast‐inhibitory or, rather, osteostimulative. Hypolipidemic statin drugs, particularly rosuvastatin (RSV), are known to be associated with alveolar bone formation and periodontal improvements. Platelet analogs such as platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF), being rich sources of growth factors, have also come into widespread periodontal regenerative use. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare efficacy of open flap debridement (OFD) with or without PRF or PRF + 1.2% RSV gel in treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP).Methods: Ninety individuals with a total of 90 IBDs were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: 1) OFD alone; 2) OFD + PRF; and 3) OFD + PRF + 1.2% RSV gel placement. Measurements recorded at baseline and 9 months after surgery were: 1) plaque index (PI); 2) modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI); 3) probing depth (PD); 4) clinical attachment level (CAL); and 5) IBD depth.Results: Significant PI and mSBI reductions were observed in all three groups. PRF placement significantly enhanced improvements in periodontal parameters compared with OFD alone. Addition of 1.2% RSV gel to PRF resulted in significantly greater CAL gain and PD and IBD depth reductions over 9 months compared with other groups.Conclusion: OFD with RSV (1.2%) and PRF results in significantly greater periodontal benefits compared with OFD alone or with PRF.
Seasonal Variations in Sedimentological Characteristics of Uppanar River Estuary, South East Coast of India
Authors: Sheeba S. Jasmine , Ramesh G. , Gnanachandrasamy G. , Ramkumar T. , Rozaria Magdalina Monica , Sujatha K. 
Published: July 2016

<div><p><em>The estuaine environment are dynamic and they are the intermediate zone between the marine and fresh water regions. This makes the estuarine region more dynamic in physical and chemical characteristic. These regions serves as a passage for the continental materials reach the marine environment. Because of the influence of fresh water and marine water this regions the depositional systems are dynamic and complex in nature. Despite the complexity of the of the environment, the textural analsysis and interpretation of the same provides insight into the prevailing deposition environment. The present study are carried out in the Uppar Estuary which joins with Bay of Bengal on the east coast of India. The Sedimentological analysis indicates that sediments most of the locations the sediments are very poorly to well sorted with mean size ranging from 1.03 to 5.97φ. The skewness value ranged from -0.09 to 0.48. The kurtosis varies form 0.94 to 1.54 The seasonal variations within the station are conspicuous. This indicates the sediment distribution pattern in controlled by the marine as well monsoon rainfall in this region.</em></p></div>
Bilateral Investment Treaty Negotiations between India and U.S: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Kumar Rajesh 
Published: July 2016

<p><em>Relationship between U.S. and India is at the best phase, especially after former unequivocal support in NSG (Nuclear Supply Group) and helping inclusion in MTCR (Missile Technology Control Regime). The relationship between two oldest and biggest democracies has matured under the headship of Mr. Barak Obama as President and Mr. Nardendra Modi as prime minister. In the recent visit of Indian prime minister, the warm gesture shown by U.S. congress members have further cemented the strength of tie up between two nations. However, despite great chemistry between two nation and its leaders from last many years, both have failed to enter into Bilateral Investment Treaty. India is having Bilateral Investment treaty with more than 80 countries including U.K. and Russia, of which 72 treaties are operational. <a title="" href="file:///C:/Users/SPub/Desktop/July%202016%20IRA%20Issues/IRAJEMS/IRAJEMS1.docx#_ftn1">[1]</a> U.S. is having Bilateral Investment treaties with more than 46 countries including Russia and Bangladesh.<a title="" href="file:///C:/Users/SPub/Desktop/July%202016%20IRA%20Issues/IRAJEMS/IRAJEMS1.docx#_ftn2">[2]</a> Since 2008, the two countries have been engaged in sporadic discussions to conclude the Investment treaty. Negotiations on its wording, based on each country’s revised model treaty texts, will begin soon. Both the leaders Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and U.S President Barack Obama affirmed their mutual commitment to facilitating increased bilateral investment flows and fostering an open and predictable climate for investment many a times , But consensus has not been reached till today on certain term and conditions. In the absence of BIT , the rights of investors of both the countries are at the stake. Further, MFN or nationality treatment clause cannot be invoked or granted in the event of any regulatory or other action. Obligations imposed by BIT to protect interest of foreign investors are absent. Further, after losing its first Investment Treaty Arbitration (ITA) claim in 2012 against White Industries, an Australian company and pending 17 cases, India has recently adopted new BIT in 2015 . It also has reflections of pending claims of Vodafone and other cases involving Intellectual Property Rights( Hereinafter refereed as IPR) and the cases of compulsory licences. </em></p><div><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p><em><a title="" href="file:///C:/Users/SPub/Desktop/July%202016%20IRA%20Issues/IRAJEMS/IRAJEMS1.docx#_ftnref1">[1]</a> Details Avaialble at <a href="http://www.finmin.nic.in/bipa/bipa_index.asp">http://www.finmin.nic.in/bipa/bipa_index.asp</a>.</em></p></div><div><p><em><a title="" href="file:///C:/Users/SPub/Desktop/July%202016%20IRA%20Issues/IRAJEMS/IRAJEMS1.docx#_ftnref2">[2]</a> Details Avialable at <a href="http://www.state.gov/e/eb/ifd/bit/117402.htm">http://www.state.gov/e/eb/ifd/bit/117402.htm</a>.</em></p></div></div>
Understanding School Feeding Programmes in India and Tamil Nadu in addressing Classroom Hunger
Authors: Arumugam Anbu 
Published: July 2016

<div><p><em>Despite primary schooling being universally recognized as a public good, with a direct impact on economic growth, one billion people in the world – on in six – are illiterate, and 104 million of the world’s children were out of school in the year 2013 (United Nations Economic, Social, and Cultural Organization [UNESCO] 2013). Over third of the world’s illiterates are in India. India’s population of illiterates is larger than that of any other country in the world – at least 350 million people, according to 2011 Census of India. In other words, more than one in three illiterate persons on the planet is an Indian and India’s population of illiterates in 2010 was larger than the total population of the country in 1947. </em><em>Well-designed and effectively implemented social protection programmes are essential for ensuring access to food and comprehensively addressing the problem of malnutrition. These programmes are non-contributory and sharply targeted programmes that focus on the poor and vulnerable sections of the population. Among many social protection programmes in India there are two broad categories specifically targeted for the poor and closely related to food security and nutrition. These are (i) Public Distribution System and Supplementary Nutrition Programmes and (ii) Rural Wage Employment Programme. The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) and the Mid-Day Meal Scheme (MDMS) are two major initiatives for improving the level of nutrition. </em><em></em></p></div>
Organizational Commitment of Para-Medical Staff with reference to Marital Status
Authors: Tikare Mrinali 
Published: July 2016

<div><p><em>The commitment of Para-medical employees contributes significantly to the success of hospital organization. </em><em>The present study attempts to analyze an organizational commitment marital status of Para-medical employees. The data have been collected from eight cities, comprising of four zones of India. The study uses a stratified sampling method in which 219 Para-medical employees from 32 hospitals have responded. This study uses the well known instrument - ACN scale developed by Allen and Meyer (1997). </em></p><p><em>The result indicated that there is no significant difference in total score of commitment, affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment with reference to marital status. The reasons have been discussed subsequently. </em></p></div>
Tapping the Untapped: Huge Potential to Increase Family Planning Users in India
Authors: Paul Lopamudra , Mondal Subrato K , Nanda Geeta , Tureski Kara E. , Singh Ajay K , Sharma Tara 
Published: July 2016

<div><p><em>India’s family planning programs have historically focused on limiting the number of children but in recent years focus has shifted from limiting births to increased spacing between children, especially among young couples on contraceptive acceptance in the post-partum period. This paper examines the behavior of couples in India on acceptance of contraceptives during the postpartum period by using data from the National Family Health Survey-3 (NFHS-3, 2005-06) and from a small scale survey in state of Chhattisgarh in India. </em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>According to the data, approximately 75 percent of women with children under a year and 83 percent of women with children under six months’ old reported not using any contraception. Only 0.9 percent of postpartum women reported acceptance of intrauterine contraceptive devices. The primary reasons cited for not using contraception were breast feeding (27.5 percent) and postpartum amenorrhea (16.9 percent). Education and wealth index and program factor specially interaction with health workers during post-partum period and institutional delivery had a significant effect on acceptance of contraceptives during the postpartum period. Achieving one’s desired family size also positively influenced women’s acceptance of family size soon after delivery. Small scale survey in Chhattisgarh also suggested that acceptance of family planning to space children is not high.</em></p></div>
The Determinants of Firm-Specific Corporate Governance Arrangements, IFRS Adoption, and the Informativeness of Accounting Reports: Evidence from Brazil
Authors: Lopes Alexsandro Broedel , Walker Martin , da Silva Ricardo Luiz Menezes 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
In this study we investigate the complementary effect of firm-level incentives and IFRS adoption on the informativeness of accounting reports in Brazil. Using a specially constructed corporate governance index—Brazilian Corporate Governance Index (BCGI)—we show that the quality of corporate governance is linked to the growth opportunities firms face. Consistent with the argument that accounting numbers are essential elements of corporate governance arrangements, we show that improvements in corporate governance are associated with economically material and statistically significant improvements in indicators of accounting quality. We also show that corporate governance quality and accounting quality are also positively affected by cross-listing, although cross-listing is not the only driver of either of these quality choices. Our results also show that IFRS adoption leads to an increase in the informativeness of accounting reports in Brazil, especially for firms that do not possess the ex ante incentives to produce high-quality financial statements.
The Deductibility of Fines, Penalties, and Restitution Related to Illegal Activities
Authors: Schnee Edward J. , Seago W. Eugene 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Determining the deductibility of fines, penalties, settlements, and other forms of restitution paid by taxpayers as a result of violations of criminal and civil law fall under a number of sometimes conflicting code sections, IRS pronouncements, and case law.
In this article, we discuss the deductibility of fines, penalties, and other forms of restitution under the provisions of IRC Section 162(f) and the violation of public policy doctrine. Since some taxpayers attempt to capitalize the expenditures rather than deduct them, we also discuss the application of Sections 263 and 263A to these payments. If a taxpayer incurs expenditures in a transaction not part of a trade or business, then the deduction of the expenditure is controlled by Section 165. The application of the violation of public policy doctrine and Section 162(f) to Section 165 are also evaluated.
Following the discussion of the current cases and rulings, we recommend several changes in tax law that will clarify and simplify when expenditures related to illegal activities are deductible.
Ceramic Inlays: Effect of Mechanical Cycling and Ceramic Type on Restoration-dentin Bond Strength
Authors: Trindade FZ , Kleverlaan CJ , da Silva LH , Feilzer AJ , Cesar PF , Bottino MA , Valandro LF 
Published: July 2016

SUMMARYThis study aimed to evaluate the bond strength between dentin and five different ceramic inlays in permanent maxillary premolars, with and without mechanical cycling. One hundred permanent maxillary premolars were prepared and divided into 10 groups (n=10) according to the ceramic system (IPS e.Max Press; IPS e.Max CAD; Vita PM9; Vita Mark II; and Vita VM7) and the mechanical cycling factor (with and without [100 N, 2 Hz, 1.2×106 cycles]). The inlays were adhesively cemented, and all of the specimens were cut into microbars (1×1 mm, nontrimming method), which were tested under microtensile loading. The failure mode was classified and contact angle, roughness, and microtopographic analyses were performed on each ceramic surface. The mechanical cycling had a significant effect (p=0.0087) on the bond strength between dentin and IPS e.max Press. The Vita Mark II group had the highest bond strength values under both conditions, with mechanical cycling (9.7±1.8 MPa) and without (8.2±1.9 MPa), while IPS e.Max CAD had the lowest values (2.6±1.6 and 2.2±1.4, respectively). The adhesive failure mode at the ceramic/cement interface was the most frequent. Vita Mark II showed the highest value of average roughness. IPS e.max Press and Vita Mark II ceramics presented the lowest contact angles. In conclusion, the composition and manufacturing process of ceramics seem to have an influence on the ceramic surface and resin cement bond strength. Mechanical cycling did not cause significant degradation on the dentin and ceramic bond strength under the configuration used.
Circumstances of the First Drink among Problem Drinkers Seeking Help from a Psychiatric Service of a Teaching Institute In Eastern Nepal
Authors: Shakya Dhana Ratna 
Published: July 2016

Background: Alcohol use and problem are common in Nepal.Objective: To investigate into the circumstances of alcohol use among problem drinkers, focusing mainly the first drink.Methods: It is a descriptive study among total of 200 consecutive consenting patients: 100 male and 100 female (gender balance emphasized), with alcohol use disorders seeking help from psychiatric service of a teaching institute in eastern Nepal in 2006-08. Alcohol use disorders were diagnosed with the ‘International classification of diseases and infirmities’ (ICD)- 10th edition. Related information about socio-demography and circumstances of alcohol use were collected by using a ‘semi-structured proforma’Results: Average (minimum, maximum) age of the subjects was 39.29 (17, 84) years. The age at the first drink was 17.31 (infancy, 59) years: 15.96 (infancy, 45) for males and 18.68 (infancy, 59) for females. As a whole, the most common circumstances of first use were custom of using alcoholic beverage as food, peer pressure/company, stressful situation and easily available at home. Custom of using alcohol as food, stressful situation, making in home and for health reason like during breast feeding were most common circumstances for first drink among females; and peer pressure and the custom were among males. A perceived stressor was associated more among females.Conclusion: Most problem-drinkers first drink in the pretext of the custom of alcoholic beverage as food, peer pressure, stressful situation and easy availability in eastern Nepal. Males start drinking at younger age and the first drink was more associated with stressors among females.Health Renaissance 2014;12(3): 154-161
Prevalence of Histologically Proven Acute Appendicitis And Incidental Carcinoid Tumour in the Practice of Surgical Pathology at BPKIHS
Authors: Upadhyaya P , Agarwal C S , Karak A K , Karki S , Pradhan A , Subba T N 
Published: July 2016

Background: Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdominal pain requiring surgical intervention. Objective: To determine the relative prevalence of histologically proven acute appendicitis in surgically respected specimens with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis and also to find out the rate of occurrence of characinoid tumour as an incidental histologic finding.Methods: It is a retrospective study involving all gross specimens received in the department of pathology over a period of twenty months (1.1.2006 to 31.8.2007). Histologic data on 515 appendicectomy samples (clinically diagnosed as appendicitis) of the total 7295 specimens received over a period of twenty months were retrieved from the archives of department of pathology, with exclusion of appendectomy incidental to another surgical procedure.Results: Appendectomy specimens constituted 7.0% (n=515; M:F 1.1:1) of all surgical pathologic specimens (n=7295) at B.P.K.I.H.S. The breakups of histologic diagnoses are: acute appendicitis with or without periappendicitis and gangrenous change (93.6%, n=482), “receding appendicitis” (5.4%, n=28), and normal histology (1.0%, n= 5). Carcinoid tumours were detected incidentally in three cases (0.58%) out of all appendectomy specimens.Conclusion: Analysis of data revealed a prevalence of 6.99% of histologically proven acute appendicitis in this tertiary health care set up. The rate of occurrence of carcinoid tumour was 0.58%.Health Renaissance 2014;12(3): 197-203