bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Tests of the Virtual Human Model Response Under Dynamic Load Conditions Defined in Federal Aviation Regulation Part 23.562 and 25.562 – Preliminary Study
Authors: Lindstedt Lukasz , Vychytil Jan , Dziewonski Tomasz , Hyncik Ludek 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The main aim of the presented research was to check mechanical response of human body model under loads that can occur during airplane accidents and compare results of analysis with some results of experimental tests described in literature. In simulations, new multi-purpose human body model, the VIRTHUMAN, was used. The whole model, as well as its particular segments, was earlier validated based on experimental data, which proved its accuracy to simulate human body dynamic response under condition typical for car crashes, but it was not validated for loads with predominant vertical component (loads acting along spinal column), typical for airplane crashes. Due to limitation of available experimental data, the authors focused on conducting calculations for the case introduced in 14 CFR: Parts 23.562 and 25.562, paragraph (b)(1), knowing as the 60° pitch test. The analysis consists in comparison of compression load measured in lumbar section of spine of the FAA HIII Dummy (experimental model) and in the Virthuman (numerical model). The performed analyses show numerical stability of the model and satisfactory agreement between experimental data and simulated Virthuman responses. In that sense, the Virthuman model, although originally developed for automotive analyses, shows also great potential to become valuable tool for applications in aviation crashworthiness and safety analyses, as well.
Bone Remodelling Model Incorporating Both Shape and Internal Structure Changes by Three Different Reconstruction Mechanisms. A Lumbar Spine Case
Authors: Wymysłowski Paweł , Zagrajek Tomasz 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe paper presents a method of analysis of bone remodelling in the vicinity of implants. The authors aimed at building a model and numerical procedures which may be used as a tool in the prosthesis design process. The model proposed by the authors is based on the theory of adaptive elasticity and the lazy zone concept. It takes into consideration not only changes of the internal structure of the tissue (described by apparent density) but also surface remodelling and changes caused by the effects revealing some features of “creep”. Finite element analysis of a lumbar spinal segment with an artificial intervertebral disc was performed by means of the Ansys system with custom APDL code. The algorithms were in two variants: the so-called siteindependent and site-specific. Resultant density distribution and modified shape of the vertebra are compared for both of them. It is shown that this two approaches predict the bone remodelling in different ways. A comparison with available clinical outcomes is also presented and similarities to the numerical results are pointed out.
A Methodology of Designing the Teeth Conjugation in a Planetary Roller Screw
Authors: Lisowski Filip , Ryś Jan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper presents the methodology for designing the teeth conjunction of planetary gears in the planetary roller screw mechanism. A function of the planetary gears is to synchronize an operation of rollers in order to avoid axial displacements. A condition of the correct operation is no axial movement of rollers in relation to the nut. The planetary gears are integral parts of rollers and therefore an operation of the gear transmissions has a direct impact on cooperation of the screw, rollers and the nut. The proper design of gear engagements is essential for reducing slippage on surfaces of the cooperating threaded elements. For this purpose, in a designing method, both the limitations of operation and kinematic conditions of rollers’ operation have to be taken into account.
An Integrated Reverse Engineering Approach for Accuracy Control of Free-Form Objects
Authors: Pathak Vimal Kumar , Nayak Chitresh , Singh Amit Kumar , Chaudhary Himanshu 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Computer-aided tools help in shortening and eradicating numerous repetitive tasks that reduces the gap between digital model and actual product. Use of these tools assists in realizing free-form objects such as custom fit products as described by a stringent interaction with the human body. Development of such a model presents a challenging situation for reverse engineering (RE) which is not analogous with the requirement for generating simple geometric models. Hence, an alternating way of producing more accurate three-dimensional models is proposed. For creating accurate 3D models, point clouds are processed through filtering, segmentation, mesh smoothing and surface generation. These processes help in converting the initial unorganized point data into a 3D digital model and simultaneously influence the quality of model. This study provides an optimum balance for the best accuracy obtainable with maximum allowable deviation to lessen computer handling and processing time. A realistic non trivial case study of free-form prosthetic socket is considered. The accuracy obtained for the developed model is acceptable for the use in medical applications and FEM analysis.
Implementation of an Electronic Circuit for SSSA Control Approach of a Plate Type Element and Experimental Match with a Feed-Forward Approach
Authors: Viscardi Massimo , Leo Romeo Di 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Successful implementation of an active vibration control system is strictly correlated to the exact knowledge of the dynamic behavior of the system, of the excitation level and spectra and of the sensor and actuator’s specification. Only the correct management of these aspects may guarantee the correct choice of the control strategy and the relative performance. Within this paper, some preliminary activities aimed at the creation of a structurally simple, cheap and easily replaceable active control systems for metal panels are discussed. The final future aim is to control and to reduce noise, produced by vibrations of metal panels of the body of a car. The paper is focused on two points. The first one is the realization of an electronic circuit for Synchronized Shunted Switch Architecture (SSSA) with the right dimensioning of the components to control the proposed test article, represented by a rectangular aluminum plate. The second one is a preliminary experimental study on the test article, in controlled laboratory conditions, to compare performances of two possible control approach: SSSA and a feed-forward control approach. This comparison would contribute to the future choice of the most suitable control architecture for the specific attenuation of structure-born noise related to an automotive floor structure under deterministic (engine and road-tyre interaction) and stochastic (road-tyre interaction and aerodynamic) forcing actions.
Electrical Capacitance Tomography Measurement of the Migration of Ice Frontal Surface in Freezing Soil
Authors: Liu J. , Suo X.M. , Zhou S.S. , Meng S.Q. , Chen S.S. , Mu H.P. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The tracking of the migration of ice frontal surface is crucial for the understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms in freezing soil. Owing to the distinct advantages, including non-invasive sensing, high safety, low cost and high data acquisition speed, the electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is considered to be a promising visualization measurement method. In this paper, the ECT method is used to visualize the migration of ice frontal surface in freezing soil. With the main motivation of the improvement of imaging quality, a loss function with multiple regularizers that incorporate the prior formation related to the imaging objects is proposed to cast the ECT image reconstruction task into an optimization problem. An iteration scheme that integrates the superiority of the split Bregman iteration (SBI) method is developed for searching for the optimal solution of the proposed loss function. An unclosed electrodes sensor is designed for satisfying the requirements of practical measurements. An experimental system of one dimensional freezing in frozen soil is constructed, and the ice frontal surface migration in the freezing process of the wet soil sample containing five percent of moisture is measured. The visualization measurement results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the ECT visualization method
Analysis of Omni-directivity Error of Electromagnetic Field Probe using Isotropic Antenna
Authors: Hartansky Rene 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This manuscript analyzes the omni-directivity error of an electromagnetic field (EM) probe and its dependence on frequency. The global directional characteristic of a whole EM probe consists of three independent directional characteristics of EM sensors - one for each coordinate. The shape of particular directional characteristics is frequency dependent and so is the shape of the whole EM probe’s global directional characteristic. This results in systematic error induced in the measurement of EM fields. This manuscript also contains quantitative formulation of such errors caused by the shape change of directional characteristics for different types of sensors depending on frequency and their mutual arrangement.
Numerical Analysis of a Flexible Dual Loop Coil and its Experimental Validation for pre-Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Rodents at 7 T
Authors: Solis-Najera S. , Vazquez F. , Hernandez R. , Marrufo O. , Rodriguez A.O. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
A surface radio frequency coil was developed for small animal image acquisition in a pre-clinical magnetic resonance imaging system at 7 T. A flexible coil composed of two circular loops was developed to closely cover the object to be imaged. Electromagnetic numerical simulations were performed to evaluate its performance before the coil construction. An analytical expression of the mutual inductance for the two circular loops as a function of the separation between them was derived and used to validate the simulations. The RF coil is composed of two circular loops with a 5 cm external diameter and was tuned to 300 MHz and 50 Ohms matched. The angle between the loops was varied and the Q factor was obtained from the S11 simulations for each angle. B1 homogeneity was also evaluated using the electromagnetic simulations. The coil prototype was designed and built considering the numerical simulation results. To show the feasibility of the coil and its performance, saline-solution phantom images were acquired. A correlation of the simulations and imaging experimental results was conducted showing a concordance of 0.88 for the B1 field. The best coil performance was obtained at the 90° aperture angle. A more realistic phantom was also built using a formaldehyde-fixed rat phantom for ex vivo imaging experiments. All images showed a good image quality revealing clearly defined anatomical details of an ex vivo rat.
Crystal structure of poly-[diaqua-[bis(μ2-hydroxy)-bis(μ4-3,4,5,6-tetrachlorophthalato-κ3O,O′:O′; κ2O′′:O′′′)dilanthanum(III)], C8H3Cl4LaO6
Authors: Ma Fa-Xue , Zhao Dan , Zhang Rui-Juan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
C8H3Cl4LaO6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 6.6874(10) Å, b = 6.0956(9) Å, c = 30.281(4) Å, β = 91.094(3)°, V = 1234.1(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.048, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.143, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of (Z)-1-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one, C15H16N2O3
Authors: Radi Smaail , Tighadouini Said , Eddike Driss , Tillard Monique , Mabkhot Yahia N. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
C15H16N2O3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.223(2) Å, b = 11.9339(5) Å, c = 11.945(2) Å, β = 117.43(2)°, V = 1419.9(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0528, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1346, T = 300(2) K.
Quantitative and Qualitative Criteria for Assessing Endurance in Women over 60 Years of Age – Findings from a Pilot Study
Authors: Kortas Jakub , Prusik Katarzyna , Bielawa Łukasz , Wiech Monika , Ossowski Zbigniew , Konieczna Seweryna , Prusik Krzysztof 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroduction. If it is to be effective, health training needs to be monitored based on regular and periodic assessment. The norms that have been proposed for standardised endurance tests for the 60-plus age group, particularly for women, still require evaluation. In light of the above, we have undertaken to design quantitative and qualitative criteria for assessing the level of endurance. Such criteria are urgently needed by persons working with this age group. Material and methods. We developed a quantitative and qualitative system for evaluating endurance based on Zatsiorky’s model, and we verified it in a group of 90 women aged over 60 years. We analysed data measured directly during a 2-km walk test. Results. We developed a set of quantitative and qualitative criteria for assessing endurance in women aged over 60 years based on the results of a 2-km walk test, measured on a scale ranging from 24:18 to 15:52 min:s. Conclusion. The pilot study has proven that a scale based on Zatsiorsky’s model can be an effective tool for assessing endurance in women aged over 60 years. We can thus recommend that it be widely used in practice. It is important to compare these results with the norms for the group in question and to establish comprehensive norms that could be useful for persons who organise physical activity for older adults.
Structural changes in the Czech, Slovak and euro area economies during the Great Recession
Authors: Tvrz Stanislav , Vašíček Osvald 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to identify and compare the most important changes in the structure of the Czech economy, as a small open economy with independent monetary policy, the Slovak economy, as a small open economy that entered monetary union, and the economy of the euro area, which has a common monetary policy, during the turbulent period of the Great Recession, the subsequent anaemic recovery and recent disinflationary period. Structural changes are identified with the help of nonlinear dynamic stochastic models of general equilibrium with time-varying parameters. The model parameters are estimated using Bayesian methods and a nonlinear particle filter. The results confirm the similarity of the Czech and Slovak economies and show that in certain respects the structure of the Czech economy might be closer to that of the euro area than that of Slovakia. The time-varying estimates reveal many similarities between the parameter changes in the Czech economy and those in the euro area. In Slovakia, the situation during the Great Recession was dominated by the country’s adoption of the euro, which caused large deviations in its Calvo parameters.
Exploration for limestone deposit at Onigbedu, South–Western Nigeria
Authors: Oyedele Kayode F. , Oladele Sunday , Emakpor Charles A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The Onigbedu limestone deposit was investigated using the aeromagnetic data, resistivity soundings and borings with the aim of characterizing the limestone deposit and estimating its reserves. The subsurface structural features and depth to basement were identified with the analysis of aeromagnetic data. Twenty nine boreholes were drilled for subsurface appraisal and correlation of the limestone deposit. Eighty nine Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) were acquired using the Schlumberger array. The results showed NE-SW trending lineaments that segmented the limestone. Depth to basement varied from 144.2 m to 1090 m. The VES results showed four to six layers indicating the topsoil (7-315 Ωm), clay (2-25 Ωm), shale (6-31 Ωm), limestone (20-223 Ωm), sandstone (>200 Ωm) and sandy materials. The VES results correlated well with the lithological unit delineated from the borehole. The overburden thickness ranged from 3.3 m to 28 m, while the limestone thickness varies between 18.1 m and 48.3 m. The limestone reserve was estimated at 1.9 × 109 t. This study concluded that the study area had vast occurrence of the limestone deposits, which would be of economic importance, if exploited.
A Pilot Study in Order to Examine the Relationship between the Degree of Visual Impairment of Patient and His Postural Stability
Authors: Jureczko Mariola , Jureczko Paweł , Krzysztofik Mateusz 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The main aim of the pilot study was to evaluate the relationship between degree of visual impairment of patient and his postural stability. The article contains basic explanation and requirements for stabilography research. The paper also describes statistic analysis of influence of visual impairment on postural stability opposed to control group (people perfectly sighted). These results allowed us to verify the approved research plan.
Décrire la vision du monde: L’enjeu anthropologique de la Sémantique structurale
Authors: Swiggers Pierre 
Published: December 2016

RésuméLa Sémantique structurale (1966) de Greimas constitue une étape cruciale dans le cheminement scientifique de l’auteur. L’ouvrage marque la transition entre une première période d’activité lexicologique et lexicographique et une seconde période d’élaboration d’une sémiotique générale. Dans son ouvrage de 1966, Greimas construit un modèle de «sémantique structurale» qui vise à décrire la structure de textes, d’après une démarche méthodologique conforme à la théorisation hjelmslévienne, et à conférer à la sémantique une place centrale à l’intérieur des sciences humaines. Une étude serrée (et «immanente») de cet ouvrage fondateur montre comment la rigueur méthodologique et le souci épistémologique dans la construction du modèle analytique doivent garantir une approche objective de la structure de textes (mythiques, littéraires et autres) comme articulant une vision du monde.
Application of the Virtual Bronchoscopy in Children with Suspected Aspiration of the Foreign Body - Case Report
Authors: Kostic Gordana , Petrovic Marina , Markovic Slavica , Knezevic Jasmina , Igrutinovic Zoran , Medovic Rasa , Raskovic Zorica , Stankovic Lidija , Minic Predrag 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In diagnosing the aspiration of the foreign body (AFB) in children most important are: medical history, clinical signs and positive radiography of the lungs. Common dilemmas in the diff erential diagnosis are life-threatening asthma attacks or difficult pneumonia. Conventional rigid bronchoscopy (RB) is not recommended as a routine method. Virtual bronchoscopy (VB) can be a diagnostic tool for solving dilemmas. Fiber-optic bronchoscopy (FOB) has a therapeutic stake in severe cases. Herein, we describe a girl, at the age of 6, who was hospitalized due to rapid bronchoconstriction and based on the anamnesis, clinical symptoms and physical fi ndings the suspicion was that she aspirated the foreign body. Due to the poor general condition and possible sequel, the idea of RB was dropped out. Multidetector computed tomography of the chest and VB was performed and AFB was not found. Due to positive epidemiological situation, virus H1N1 was excluded. FOB established that the foreign body does not exist in the airways. During bronchoscopy numerous castings are aspirated from the peripheral airways which lead to faster final recovery. With additional procedures, the diagnosis of asthma was confirmed and for girl that was the first attack. Along with inhaled corticosteroids as prevention she feels well.
Virtual bronchoscopy can be successfully used as a valid diagnostic procedure in suspected foreign body in the children’s lungs, but fiber-optic bronchoscopy remains most important diagnostic and therapeutic method.
Measurement and analysis of wavefront structures of diode lasers
Authors: Eichentopf Inga-Maria , Reufer Martin 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In order to analyze the beam quality of laser sources wavefront measurements using a Shack–Hartmann sensor became an
established way. With the detection of the wavefront deflection a change of the modal composition of the laser beam can be
recorded directly. While this method is well known for nearly Gaussian laser beams, the wavefront analysis of broadarea
semiconductor lasers is an open field of current research. Detailed analysis of the wavefront gives an additional path to
get an insight into the transverse modal composition of semiconductor lasers, which have a dominant impact on the output
parameters of the devices. For the presented investigations lasers emitting light in the near infrared
(λ = 830/980 nm) based on the material system GaAs are utilized. For this type of laser the
number and structure of optical modes is affected by thermal as well as electric effects inside the active medium. It is
shown that the detected wavefront can be associated with a composition of Legendre polynomials. Additionally the
transformation of these polynomials is examined under changing working conditions of the laser.
Emission spectroscopy based sensor developed for engine testing
Authors: Feldhaus Fabian , Schmitz Ingo , Seeger Thomas 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEmissions of internal combustion engines are linked to air pollution, global warming effects and are potentially harmful. In order to reduce emissions, a better understanding of combustion processes is necessary. Therefore, the combustion temperature is an important factor to know, because it has an impact on the amount of exhaust gases like soot and nitrogen oxides. This work presents a complete spectral resolved emission spectroscopy based sensor system for temperature determining in compression ignition engines. The sensor system is developed for series engines and can be used without any modification of the engine.
Development of an optical tracking system for a novel flexible and soft manipulator with controllable stiffness for minimal invasive surgery (MIS)
Authors: Gerz Erwin , Mende Matthias , Roth Hubert 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The use of new soft robots in minimally invasive surgery offers exciting new possibilities while it generates new challenges for the technical implementation. In this article, two methods for the detection of a soft flexible robot arm are presented. Based on the image information of an endoscopic camera, the visible sections are evaluated to determine the position of the robot. Both methods have been integrated and tested in the newly developed system.
Bipolar Items
Authors: Nishiguchi Sumiyo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis article asserts that the Japanese wide-scope mo ‘even’ in simple sentences are bipolar items (BPIs) antilicensed or forbidden by negation and licensed in a non-monotonic (NM) environment. BPIs share the features of negative polarity items (NPIs) as well as positive polarity items (PPIs). The Dutch ooit ‘ever’, the Serbo-Croatian i-series ‘and/even’, and the Hungarian is-series ‘and/even’ are antilicensed by clausemate negation and licensed by extraclausal negation (van der Wouden, 1997; Progovac, 1994; Szabolcsi, 2002) or non-monotonic negative (and positive, for Serbo-Croatian) emotive predicates. Adding an NPI rescues BPIs in uncomfortable clausemate negation.
A Statistical Model for Estimation of Ichthyofauna Quality Based on Water Parameters in Oituz Bazin
Authors: Popescu Carmen , Ureche Dorel , Ureche Camelia , Nechita Elena 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Fish represents an important food source for people worldwide. Moreover, although considered a very old occupation, fishing continues to provide jobs, especially for the people living in the coastal countries. The quality of surface waters affects the quality of fish as a food source. For this reason, the present study aims to assess the quality of the ichthyofauna in the Oituz River and some of its tributaries using several parameters that have been computed based on the biometric data of the biological material gathered during 2004-2008, in correlation with the water pH and water temperature. The present paper also highlights some observations regarding the changes of the analyzed ecosystems, as well as some recommendations regarding the fish consumption in the studied basin, considered as a food source for humans.