bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B7‐H3 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by regulating CD8+ T cell exhaustion
Authors: Ma Zhaoen , Chen Gui , Li Hao , Yang Saixuan , Xu Yali , Pan Bolin , Lai Wuping , Chen Guangui , Liao Wenjing , Zhang Xiaowen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundB7‐H3 protein is an important regulator of the adaptive immune response in human tumorigenesis. 4‐1BB is a co‐stimulatory receptor expressed on activated CD8+ T cells, and regulates T cell immunity. Here, we investigated the role of B7‐H3 in the growth and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and the effect of its interaction with 4‐1BB on tumor immunity.MethodsShort hairpin (sh) RNA was designed to knock down B7‐H3 expression in NPC cells. NPC cells with stable knockdown of B7‐H3 were established and injected into nude mice. The effects of B7‐H3 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) were detected by the CCK8 assay, flow cytometry, TUNEL assay, and western blot analysis. The migration and invasion abilities were determined using the Transwell assay and scratch assay. Co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) assays were performed to study the interaction between B7‐H3 and 4‐1BB. Anti‐4‐1BB antibody was used in a co‐culture system and xenograft mice to study the effect of 4‐1BB on NPC development.ResultsNPC cells transfected with sh‐B7‐H3 showed a higher rate of apoptosis, slower growth rate, impaired migration, and less EMT in vitro. Xenograft mice with stable knockout of B7‐H3 had lower tumor burdens, and the stripped tumors had lower rates of cell proliferation, higher rates of apoptosis, and less EMT in vivo. Additionally, decreased B7‐H3 expression was positively correlated with interferon‐γ, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and 4‐1BB+CD8+ tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes. Co‐IP studies showed that B7‐H3 interacts with 4‐1BB. Also, the inhibitory effects of sh‐B7‐H3 on NPC tumor growth, invasion, and tumor immunity could be alleviated by the anti‐4‐1BB antibody both in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionOur findings suggest that B7‐H3 may accelerate tumor growth, tumor cell invasion, and EMT, and interact with 4‐1BB to produce CD8+ T cell exhaustion that inhibits tumor immunity. B7‐H3 might serve as a novel target for treating NPC.
CircSLC4A7 in resistant‐cells‐derived exosomes promotes docetaxel resistance via the miR‐1205/MAPT axis in prostate cancer
Authors: Lin Anhua , Li Junhe , He Wenjing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is a high‐mortality cancer. Docetaxel (DCT) combined with second‐generation anti‐androgens is considered the golden standard therapy for PCa, whose application is limited for DCT resistance (DR). Therefore, exploring the mechanism of DR is of great importance. In this study, PCa cell lines of PC3 and DU145 were employed, and DR cells were constructed by treatment with graded DCT. CircSLC4A7, miR‐1205, and microtubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT) transfections were established. Cell counting kit‐8 assay was performed to evaluate the cell activity and IC50 of DCT. After being treated with DCT, DR was assessed by colony formation assay, flow cytometry analysis, and terminal transferase‐mediated UTP nick end‐labeling assay. Real‐time quantitative PCR and western blotting analysis evaluated the expression levels of genes. The dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay verified the miR‐1205 binding sites with circSLC4A7 and MAPT. An animal experiment was performed to assess the tumor growth influenced by circSLC4A7. After conducting DR cells and isolated exosomes, we found that not only co‐culture with DR cells but also treatment with DR cells' exosomes would promote the DR of normal cells. Moreover, circSLC4A7 was highly expressed in DR cells and their exosomes. CircSLC4A7 overexpression enhanced DR, represented as raised IC50 of DCT, increased colony formation, and decreased cell apoptosis after DCT treatment, while circSLC4A7 knockdown had the opposite effect. MiR‐1205 was confirmed as a circSLC4A7‐sponged miRNA and miR‐1205 inhibitor reversed the effect of sh‐circSLC4A7. MAPT was further identified as a target of miR‐1205 and had a similar effect with circSLC4A7. The effect of circSLC4A7 on DR was also confirmed by xenograft experiments. Collectively, circSLC4A7 in resistant‐cells‐derived exosomes promotes DCT resistance of PCa via miR‐1205/MAPT axis, which may provide a new treatment strategy for DR of PCa.
Development of multilayered artificial urethra graft for urethroplasty
Authors: Barasa Povilas , Simoliunas Egidijus , Grybas Aivaras , Zilinskaite‐Tamasauske Ramune , Dasevicius Darius , Alksne Milda , Rinkunaite Ieva , Buivydas Andrius , Baltrukonyte Emilija , Tamulyte Rimgaile , Megur Ashwinipriyadarshini , Verkauskas Gilvydas , Baltriukiene Daiva , Bukelskiene Virginija 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo enhance the treatment of patients' urethral defects, such as strictures and hypospadias, we investigated the potential of using artificial urethral tissue. Our study aimed to generate this tissue and assess its effectiveness in a rabbit model. Two types of bioprinted grafts, based on methacrylated gelatin‐silk fibroin (GelMA‐SF) hydrogels, were produced: acellular, as well as loaded with autologous rabbit stem cells. Rabbit adipose stem cells (RASC) were differentiated toward smooth muscle in the GelMA‐SF hydrogel, while rabbit buccal mucosa stem cells (RBMC), differentiated toward the epithelium, were seeded on its surface, forming two layers of the cell‐laden tissue. The constructs were then reinforced with polycaprolactone‐polylactic acid meshes to create implantable multilayered artificial urethral grafts. In vivo experiments showed that the cell‐laden tissue integrated into the urethra with less fibrosis and inflammation compared to its acellular counterpart. Staining to trace the implanted cells confirmed integration into the host organism 3 months postsurgery.
Alginate as a Sustainable and Biodegradable Material for Medical and Environmental Applications—The Case Studies
Authors: Wawszczak Alicja , Kocki Janusz , Kołodyńska Dorota 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAlginates are salts of alginic acid derived mainly from sea algae of the genus brown algae. They are also synthesized by some bacteria. They belong to negatively charged polysaccharides exhibiting some rheological properties. High plasticity and the ability to modify the structure are the reasons for their application in numerous industries. Moreover, when in contact with the living tissue, they do not trigger an immune response, and for this reason they are the most often tested materials for medical applications. The paper discusses the latest applications, including 3D bioprinting, drug delivery systems, and sorptive properties. Recognizing alginates as biomaterials, it emphasizes the necessity for precise processing and modification to industrialize them for specific uses. This review aims to provide a thorough understanding of the advancements in alginate research, underscoring their potential for innovative applications.
METTL3‐mediated TIM1 promotes macrophage M1 polarization and inflammation through IGF2BP2‐dependent manner
Authors: Du Xianrong , Guo Yinguang , Zhao Xiaoqin , Zhang Lijuan , Fan Ru , Li Yafeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMacrophage polarization and inflammation may play an important role in the development of sepsis. T‐cell immunoglobulin mucin 1 (TIM1) has been demonstrated to promote macrophage inflammatory responses. However, whether TIM1 regulates macrophage polarization and inflammation to affect sepsis development remains unclear. Human monocytic leukemia cell line was induced into macrophages, followed by stimulated with LPS and IL‐4 to induce M1 polarization and M2 polarization. The expression levels of TIM1, methyltransferase 3 (METTL3), and insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) were examined by qRT‐PCR and western blot. IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α levels were tested by ELISA. CD86+cell rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. The m6A methylation level of TIM1 was assessed by MeRIP assay. The interaction of between TIM1 and METTL3 or IGF2BP2 was assessed by dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. TIM1 knockdown repressed LPS‐induced macrophage M1 polarization and inflammation. In terms of mechanism, METTL3 promoted TIM1 expression through m6A modification, and this modification could be recognized by IGF2BP2. Besides, knockdown of METTL3/IGF2BP2 suppressed LPS‐induced macrophage M1 polarization and inflammation, while this effect could be eliminated by TIM1 overexpression. METTL3/IGF2BP2/TIM1 axis promoted macrophage M1 polarization and inflammation, which might provide potential target for sepsis treatment.
Influence of autumn soil moisture over Kalimantan Island on following winter precipitation over southern China
Authors: Qiao Zehua , Zhu Siguang , He Jiarong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe atmospheric activity on Kalimantan Island (KI) is important for regulating regional weather and climate. This study investigates the effect of autumn soil moisture over KI on following winter precipitation over southern China (SC) during 1968–2014. The results show that the autumn soil moisture over the KI has a significant negative correlation with subsequent winter precipitation over SC. The correlation remains statistically significant when using partial correlation to filter out the concurrent influences of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) signals. The soil moisture anomalies over KI, which initiate in the autumn and persist into the winter, lead to changes in local thermal conditions and atmospheric temperature. Negative soil moisture anomalies over KI will result in positive heating anomalies of the atmosphere above the land surface. This atmospheric heating causes ascending motion, which creates a semi‐closed vertical circulation from KI to the tropical northwest Pacific. This vertical circulation would strengthen the northwest Pacific anticyclone and weaken the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). Consequently, southwesterly water vapour flux prevails in the SC as well as the South China Sea (SCS), facilitating the transportation of more water vapour into the SC. Simultaneously, water vapour convergence in the SC. Collectively, these contribute to an addition of precipitation over SC.
China's Yangtze River basin is becoming the super heatwave centre in the East Asian monsoon regions
Authors: Wei Jiang , Ting Ding , Hui Gao , Zhuozhuo Lv 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDifferent from the general heatwaves that mainly occur in southeastern China, the super heatwaves in China are concentrated mostly in the mid–lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. Daily maximum temperature data over land from CPC/NOAA revealed that the basin has become the centre with the highest frequency increase of super heatwaves in the East Asian monsoon regions in the 21st century. Further analyses also indicted that the extent of super heatwaves in the basin has a much higher increasing rate than that of general heatwaves by using running thresholds. The westward extension of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) plays the most dominant role. Statistical results suggested that a 10‐gpm increment of the geopotential height (GPH) over the basin leads to a 0.43°C increase in the regionally averaged maximum temperature. Additionally, spatial extent of the super heatwave may expand by approximately 4%. In contrast to the stable eastern boundary of the North Africa high, the western boundary of the WPSH has significantly expanded westward in the 21st century. This expansion has led to the enhancement of the GPH over the Yangtze River basin, resulting in the super heatwave centre due to the heat‐dome effect. Projections from 29 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models under moderate greenhouse gas emission scenario (SSP2‐4.5) suggest that the GPH over the Yangtze River basin will continue to strengthen throughout the 21st century. This implies that the Yangtze River basin will continue to be the centre of super heatwaves in East Asia monsoon region.
Linking The Cancer Imaging Archive and GenBank to the National Clinical Cohort Collaborative
Authors: Baghal Ahmad , Saltz Joel , Kurc Tahsin , Prasanna Prateek , Baghal Samantha , Hajagos Janos , Bremer Erich , Al‐Shukri Shaymaa , Kennedy Joshua L. , Rutherford Michael , Nolan Tracy , Smith Kirk , Chute Christopher G. , Prior Fred 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis project demonstrates the feasibility of connecting medical imaging data and features, SARS‐CoV‐2 genome variants, with clinical data in the National Clinical Cohort Collaborative (N3C) repository to accelerate integrative research on detection, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID‐19‐related morbidities. The N3C curated a rich collection of aggregated and de‐identified electronic health records (EHR) data of over 18 million patients, including 7.5 million COVID‐positive patients, seen at hospitals across the United States. Medical imaging data and variant samples are important data modalities used in the study of COVID‐19.Materials and MethodsImaging data and features are hosted on the Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA), and sequenced variant samples are analyzed and stored at the NIH GenBank. The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) published the first COVID‐19 data set of 105 patients on TCIA and 37 patients on GenBank. We developed a process to link imaging and genomic variants and N3C EHR data through Privacy Preserving Record Linkage (PPRL) using de‐identified cryptographic hashes to match records associated with the same individuals without using patient identifiers.ResultsThe PPRL techniques were piloted using clinical and imaging data sets provided by UAMS. Developed software components and processes executed properly, and linked data were returned and processed for visualization.ConclusionLinking across clinical data sources at the patient level provides opportunities to gain insights from data that may not be known otherwise. The PPRL prototype and the pilot serve as a model to link disparate and diverse data repositories to enhance clinical research.
Properties of Bi2S3 Coatings Deposited on the Bionic Leaf Vein Textured Surfaces With Different Surface Densities
Authors: Wang Junyan , Deng Jianxin , Bao Yichen , Ma Kexin , Wang Mingyuan , Tian Runzhou 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn order to investigate the impact of micro‐textured surfaces with varying surface density on coating properties, the bionic leaf vein micro‐texture with different surface densities were prepared on the substrate surface by laser processing. Bi2S3 soft coatings were deposited on the textured surfaces by electrohydrodynamic atomization. The influence of textured surface density on the adhesion and tribological properties of the coatings was analysed and discussed by scratch tests and friction wear tests. The results showed a significant increase in the friction coefficient as the surface density increased. However, after reaching a certain point, the friction coefficient tended to decrease. The coatings deposited on the lower surface density (13.9%, 14.5%) have better tribological performance compared with the higher surface density (35.6%, 36.2%). Meanwhile, the adhesion of coatings on the textured substrate enhanced compared with coatings deposited on the polished substrate. A reasonable textured surface density can effectively improve the adhesion and tribological properties of the coating.
A 0.01–50 GHz power detector with temperature compensation and wideband DC‐blocking capacitor
Authors: Yang Yongmu , Hao Peng , Yu Yang , Xu Xin , Peng Cheng , You Fei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis letter presents a 0.01–50‐GHz resistive matching power detector implemented in a commercial 0.15‐ GaAs pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor technology. An analytical expression is derived for the voltage responsivity of the detector as a function of temperature. To compensate for the temperature dependence of the detector, bias diode topology and mesa resistor load are employed. For an input power of −20 dBm at 1 GHz, the maximum variation of the detector output voltage is less than 0.5 dB over the temperature from C to C. The detector's S11 is less than −8 dB, the dynamic range (DR) is 55 dB, and the maximum voltage responsivity is 700 V/W. An on‐chip wideband capacitor with a bent‐strip shape is designed for direct current blocking. The detector can be used for wideband power monitoring and power amplifier control loop for its high DR and temperature stability.
Accelerated CEST imaging through deep learning quantification from reduced frequency offsets
Authors: Cheema Karandeep , Han Pei , Lee Hsu‐Lei , Xie Yibin , Christodoulou Anthony G. , Li Debiao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo shorten CEST acquisition time by leveraging Z‐spectrum undersampling combined with deep learning for CEST map construction from undersampled Z‐spectra.MethodsFisher information gain analysis identified optimal frequency offsets (termed “Fisher offsets”) for the multi‐pool fitting model, maximizing information gain for the amplitude and the FWHM parameters. These offsets guided initial subsampling levels. A U‐NET, trained on undersampled brain CEST images from 18 volunteers, produced CEST maps at 3 T with varied undersampling levels. Feasibility was first tested using retrospective undersampling at three levels, followed by prospective in vivo undersampling (15 of 53 offsets), reducing scan time significantly. Additionally, glioblastoma grade IV pathology was simulated to evaluate network performance in patient‐like cases.ResultsTraditional multi‐pool models failed to quantify CEST maps from undersampled images (structural similarity index [SSIM] <0.2, peak SNR <20, Pearson r <0.1). Conversely, U‐NET fitting successfully addressed undersampled data challenges. The study suggests CEST scan time reduction is feasible by undersampling 15, 25, or 35 of 53 Z‐spectrum offsets. Prospective undersampling cut scan time by 3.5 times, with a maximum mean squared error of 4.4e–4, r = 0.82, and SSIM = 0.84, compared to the ground truth. The network also reliably predicted CEST values for simulated glioblastoma pathology.ConclusionThe U‐NET architecture effectively quantifies CEST maps from undersampled Z‐spectra at various undersampling levels.
4D flow MRI velocity uncertainty quantification
Authors: Rothenberger Sean M. , Zhang Jiacheng , Markl Michael , Craig Bruce A. , Vlachos Pavlos P. , Rayz Vitaliy L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeAn automatic method is presented for estimating 4D flow MRI velocity measurement uncertainty in each voxel. The velocity distance (VD) metric, a statistical distance between the measured velocity and local error distribution, is introduced as a novel measure of 4D flow MRI velocity measurement quality.MethodsThe method uses mass conservation to assess the local velocity error variance and the standardized difference of means (SDM) velocity to estimate the velocity error correlations. VD is evaluated as the Mahalanobis distance between the local velocity measurement and the local error distribution. The uncertainty model is validated synthetically and tested in vitro under different flow resolutions and noise levels. The VD's application is demonstrated on two in vivo thoracic vasculature 4D flow datasets.ResultsSynthetic results show the proposed uncertainty quantification method is sensitive to aliased regions across various velocity‐to‐noise ratios and assesses velocity error correlations in four‐ and six‐point acquisitions with correlation errors at or under 3.2%. In vitro results demonstrate the method's sensitivity to spatial resolution, venc settings, partial volume effects, and phase wrapping error sources. Applying VD to assess in vivo 4D flow MRI in the aorta demonstrates the expected increase in measured velocity quality with contrast administration and systolic flow.ConclusionThe proposed 4D flow MRI uncertainty quantification method assesses velocity measurement error owing to sources including noise, intravoxel phase dispersion, and velocity aliasing. This method enables rigorous comparison of 4D flow MRI datasets obtained in longitudinal studies, across patient populations, and with different MRI systems.
DCEM: A deep complementary energy method for linear elasticity
Authors: Wang Yizheng , Sun Jia , Rabczuk Timon , Liu Yinghua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the rapid advancement of deep learning has significantly impacted various fields, particularly in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) in the realm of solid mechanics, benefiting greatly from the remarkable approximation capabilities of neural networks. In solving PDEs, physics‐informed neural networks (PINNs) and the deep energy method (DEM) have garnered substantial attention. The principle of minimum potential energy and complementary energy are two important variational principles in solid mechanics. However, the well‐known DEM is based on the principle of minimum potential energy, but it lacks the important form of minimum complementary energy. To bridge this gap, we propose the deep complementary energy method (DCEM) based on the principle of minimum complementary energy. The output function of DCEM is the stress function, which inherently satisfies the equilibrium equation. We present numerical results of classical linear elasticity using the Prandtl and Airy stress functions, and compare DCEM with existing PINNs and DEM algorithms when modeling representative mechanical problems. The results demonstrate that DCEM outperforms DEM in terms of stress accuracy and efficiency and has an advantage in dealing with complex displacement boundary conditions, which is supported by theoretical analyses and numerical simulations. We extend DCEM to DCEM‐Plus (DCEM‐P), adding terms that satisfy PDEs. Furthermore, we propose a deep complementary energy operator method (DCEM‐O) by combining operator learning with physical equations. Initially, we train DCEM‐O using high‐fidelity numerical results and then incorporate complementary energy. DCEM‐P and DCEM‐O further enhance the accuracy and efficiency of DCEM.