bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broadband surface‐enhanced coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy with high spectral resolution
Authors: Yan Zhongbo , Liu Zirui , Xia Ming , Efimov Anatoly , Xie Ya‐Hong 
Published: June 2017

Both the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) are widely used methods in the bio‐sensing field for improving the intensity of Raman scattering process. By combining the mechanisms of CARS (coherence and nonlinear process) and SERS (plasmon resonance), a multiplicative enhancement can be achieved through surface‐enhanced CARS (SECARS). Besides sensitivity, high specificity with wide spectral bandwidth is also preferred for bio‐sensing techniques but not well developed in SECARS setups reported in the literature. In this work, a broadband SECARS setup with high sensitivity and high spectral resolution is presented. Rhodamine 6G dye molecules and several biomolecules are used as the model system to benchmark the functionality of the SECARS system in terms of its sensitivity, the lowest detectable concentration, and the spectral resolution. Our setup rendered single‐molecule sensitivity with spectral resolution of <35 cm−1. More than 102 times stronger signal‐to‐noise ratio compared with that of SERS is observed with the detection limit being 10−9 m. Different from the SECARS systems in the literature, our setup employs a unique graphene‐Au pyramids hybrid platform. The graphene in this structure provides additional SERS enhancement and a bio‐compatible surface. This powerful technique could be instrumental in furthering the understanding of various chemical and biological processes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PBB3 imaging in Parkinsonian disorders: Evidence for binding to tau and other proteins
Authors: Perez‐Soriano Alexandra , Arena Julieta E. , Dinelle Katie , Miao Qing , McKenzie Jessamyn , Neilson Nicole , Puschmann Andreas , Schaffer Paul , Shinotoh Hitoshi , Smith‐Forrester Jenna , Shahinfard Elham , Vafai Nasim , Wile Daryl , Wszolek Zbigniew , Higuchi Makoto , Sossi Vesna , Stoessl A. Jon 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and Objectives: To study selective regional binding for tau pathology in vivo, using PET with [11C]PBB3 in PSP patients, and other conditions not typically associated with tauopathy.Methods: Dynamic PET scans were obtained for 70 minutes after the bolus injection of [11C]PBB3 in 5 PSP subjects, 1 subject with DCTN1 mutation and PSP phenotype, 3 asymptomatic SNCA duplication carriers, 1 MSA subject, and 6 healthy controls of similar age. Tissue reference Logan analysis was applied to each region of interest using a cerebellar white matter reference region.Results: In comparison to the control group, PSP subjects showed specific uptake of [11C]PBB3 in putamen, midbrain, GP, and SN. Longer disease duration and more advanced clinical severity were generally associated with higher tracer retention. A DCTN1/PSP phenotype case showed increased binding in putamen, parietal lobe, and GP. In SNCA duplication carriers, there was a significant increase of [11C] PBB3 binding in GP, putamen, thalamus, ventral striatum, SN, and pedunculopontine nucleus. The MSA case showed increased binding in frontal lobe, GP, midbrain, parietal lobe, putamen, temporal lobe, SN, thalamus, and ventral striatum.Conclusions: All PSP patients showed increased retention of the tracer in the basal ganglia, as expected. Binding was also present in asymptomatic SNCA duplication carriers and in an MSA case, which are not typically associated with pathological tau deposition. This suggests the possibility that [11C]PBB3 binds to alpha‐synuclein. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Impact of spot charge inaccuracies in IMPT treatments
Authors: Kraan Aafke C. , Depauw Nicolas , Clasie Ben , Giunta Marina , Madden Tom , Kooy Hanne M. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundSpot charge is one parameter of pencil‐beam scanning dose delivery system whose accuracy is typically high but whose required value has not been investigated. In this work we quantify the dose impact of spot charge inaccuracies on the dose distribution in patients. Knowing the effect of charge errors is relevant for conventional proton machines, as well as for new generation proton machines, where ensuring accurate charge may be challenging.MethodsThrough perturbation of spot charge in treatment plans for seven patients and a phantom, we evaluated the dose impact of absolute (up to 5× 106 protons) and relative (up to 30%) charge errors. We investigated the dependence on beam width by studying scenarios with small, medium and large beam sizes. Treatment plan statistics included the Γ passing rate, dose‐volume‐histograms and dose differences.ResultsThe allowable absolute charge error for small spot plans was about 2× 106 protons. Larger limits would be allowed if larger spots were used. For relative errors, the maximum allowable error size for small, medium and large spots was about 13%, 8% and 6% for small, medium and large spots, respectively.ConclusionsDose distributions turned out to be surprisingly robust against random spot charge perturbation. Our study suggests that ensuring spot charge errors as small as 1–2% as is commonly aimed at in conventional proton therapy machines, is clinically not strictly needed.
Die Fakten und ihre Wahrnehmung
Authors: Zellner Reinhard 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDas Klima der Erde ist keine konstante Größe. Es hat sich in der Erdgeschichte vielfach geändert und wird sich weiter ändern. Inzwischen trägt der Mensch zur Klimaveränderung bei, darin sind sich die weitaus meisten Klimaforscher einig. Wegen der gravierenden Folgen, die noch innerhalb dieses Jahrhunderts auf uns zukommen könnten, haben die deutsche und die europäische Politik den Kampf gegen den Klimawandel und den CO2‐Ausstoß beschlossen. Dennoch mehren sich Stimmen, welche die Wirkung des CO2 als Klimagas bestreiten und den menschgemachten Klimawandel für nicht belegt halten. Sind solche Stimmen ernst zu nehmen? Und haben wir ein Wahrnehmungsproblem?
50. Jahrestagung der deutschen Gesellschaft für Massenspektrometrie in Kiel
Authors: Gross Jürgen H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractZur Jubiläumstagung der DGMS Anfang März trafen sich zirka 430 Massenspektrometriker. Organisiert hatten die viertägige Tagung Jürgen Grotemeyer und Tassilo Muskat (Universität Kiel). Etwa 230 Poster, 90 angemeldete Vorträge und sechs Plenarvorträge gaben einen Überblick über die aktuelle Forschung in der Massenspektrometrie. Außerdem waren 19 Firmen mit Ständen vertreten, die auch Seminare anboten, um über Produktneuheiten, Zubehör und Dienstleistungen rund um die Massenspektrometrie zu informieren.
Quadratic boundedness of LPV systems via saturated dynamic output feedback controller
Authors: Ping Xubin , Wang Peng , Li Zhiwu 
Published: June 2017

SummaryFor the linear parameter varying systems with bounded disturbance, a saturated dynamic output feedback controller is designed by specifically considering input saturation, to stabilize the closed‐loop system. The controller parameters and the corresponding region of attraction are calculated by solving an off‐line optimization problem with respect to input saturation, state constraints, and robust stability. In the off‐line optimization problem, both the unknown and available scheduling parameters are considered for the linear parameter varying systems. When the unknown scheduling parameters are considered, the off‐line optimization problem is nonconvex and can be solved by the cone complementary linearization method. When the available scheduling parameters are considered, the off‐line optimization problem can be reformulated as convex optimization due to the parameter dependent form of controller parameters. In the both cases, input saturation is specifically handled by introducing a set of linear matrix inequalities into the off‐line optimization problem, which can reduce the conservatism of the controller design and fully exploit the controller capability. Based on the real‐time estimated state, system output, and scheduling parameters, the actual input can be obtained by saturating the dynamic output feedback controller, and steer the augmented state quickly converge to the neighborhood of the origin. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the proposed approaches.
InSourcerer: a high‐throughput method to search for unknown metabolite modifications by mass spectrometry
Authors: Mrzic Aida , Lermyte Frederik , Vu Trung Nghia , Valkenborg Dirk , Laukens Kris 
Published: June 2017

RationaleUsing mass spectrometry, the analysis of known metabolite structures has become feasible in a systematic high‐throughput fashion. Nevertheless, the identification of previously unknown structures remains challenging, partially because many unidentified variants originate from known molecules that underwent unexpected modifications. Here, we present a method for the discovery of unknown metabolite modifications and conjugate metabolite isoforms in a high‐throughput fashion.MethodsThe method is based on user‐controlled in‐source fragmentation which is used to induce loss of weakly bound modifications. This is followed by the comparison of product ions from in‐source fragmentation and collision‐induced dissociation (CID). Diagonal MS2‐MS3 matching allows the detection of unknown metabolite modifications, as well as substructure similarities. As the method relies heavily on the advantages of in‐source fragmentation and its ability to 'magically' elucidate unknown modification, we have named it inSourcerer as a portmanteau of in‐source and sorcerer.ResultsThe method was evaluated using a set of 15 different cytokinin standards. Product ions from in‐source fragmentation and CID were compared. Hierarchical clustering revealed that good matches are due to the presence of common substructures. Plant leaf extract, spiked with a mix of all 15 standards, was used to demonstrate the method's ability to detect these standards in a complex mixture, as well as confidently identify compounds already present in the plant material.ConclusionsHere we present a method that incorporates a classic liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) workflow with fragmentation models and computational algorithms. The assumptions upon which the concept of the method was built were shown to be valid and the method showed that in‐source fragmentation can be used to pinpoint structural similarities and indicate the occurrence of a modification.
Graphene‐Rich G‐Co‐Ni Nanomatrix: An Optimized Heterogeneous Catalyst for Hydrogen Generation Based on Morphology‐Performance Mapping
Authors: Saha Shubhanwita , Saha Ananya , Lepcha Lyang‐om , Ganguly Saibal , Banerjee Dipali , Kargupta Kajari 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGraphene‐rich bi‐metallic nano‐hybrid G1Co0.3Ni0.15 consisting of novel nano‐matrix structure, a low‐cost catalyst was formulated for enhanced H2 generation from hydrolysis of NaBH4. The formulation was based on the optimization of the performance of G−Co‐Ni nano‐catalysts by tuning their morphology. Three types of catalysts namely metal‐rich G1Co1.5Ni1.5, 1:1 Graphene‐Metal G1Co0.6Ni0.4, and Graphene‐rich G1Co0.3Ni0.15 were synthesized. These catalysts were characterized using SEM with EDAX, HR‐TEM, XRD and CV analysis and tested for H2 generation.Based on morphology, three major nano‐hybrid structure models namely nano‐ensembles, unique nano‐alloy structure, nano‐matrix were identified over the whole composition range. HRTEM analysis revealed that increase in wt% of graphene (from 25–70) transforms dispersed nano‐ensembles to the connected nano‐matrix. Among the three catalyst, Graphene‐rich G1Co0.3Ni0.15, exhibits the highest catalytic activity (TOF=16.5 min−1,ECSA= 286.5 m2/g)and electrochemical stability. The activation energy of the catalytic hydrolysis using G1Co0.3Ni0.15 catalyst is 23±1 kJ mol−1.
A Catalyst‐Free and Chemoselective Synthesis of Episulfides from Epoxides in 2,3‐Butanediol without Formation of Poly(episulfide)s
Authors: Aoyagi Naoto , Endo Takeshi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSynthesis of episulfides from epoxides was studied under ambient conditions without catalysts. Detailed investigation showed that the conversion of epoxides and the selectivity of transformation to episulfides were highly affected by the choice of solvents. Phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) is one of the most reactive of the commercially available epoxides, but it was not reacted with thiourea in bulk, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile. Primary alcohols and primary/secondary diol such as methanol, ethanol, 1,4‐butanediol and 1,2‐butanediol promoted the reaction of PGE with thiourea in high conversion; however, yield of corresponding episulfide was lower or moderate to accompanying with undesirable polymerizations such as poly(episulfide)s. In contrast, the use of 2,3‐butanediol resulted in remarkably increased selectivity and yield of episulfide. The choice of sulfur sources had also effect on the selectivity and the reactivity. Potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) was more effective than the use of other sulfur sources. The combination of KSCN and 2,3‐butanediol was the best reaction system for the synthesis of episulfides without formation of poly(episulfide)s.
A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of Chromenes using Reusable Sulfonic Acid Functionalized Imidazolium Salt
Authors: Pandey Khima , Saroj  , Choudhary Sunita , Kumar Anil 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of chromene derivatives was realized by the condensation of phenols and acetophenones using a reusable sulfonic acid‐functionalized imidazolium salt as catalyst. The catalytic system has wide substrate scope and provided good to excellent yield of chromenes. Interestingly, the system was easily recycled and was also suitable for a gram scale synthesis of chromene. The mild reaction conditions, absence of metal catalyst and recyclability of catalyst used makes this protocol more attractive for the synthesis of potentially bioactive compounds. The method avoids the disposal and neutralization of acidic catalyst.
Biomarkers of oxidatively induced DNA damage in dreissenid mussels: A genotoxicity assessment tool for the Laurentian Great Lakes
Authors: Jaruga Pawel , Coskun Erdem , Kimbrough Kimani , Jacob Annie , Johnson W. Edward , Dizdaroglu Miral 
Published: June 2017

AbstractActivities of fast growing human population are altering freshwater ecosystems, endangering their inhabitants and public health. Organic and trace compounds have a high potential for adverse impacts on aquatic organisms in some Great Lakes tributaries. Toxic compounds in tissues of organisms living in contaminated environments change their metabolism and alter cellular components. We measured oxidatively induced DNA damage in the soft tissues of dreissenid mussels to check on the possible contaminant‐induced impact on their DNA. The animals were obtained from archived samples of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Mussel Watch Program. Mussels were collected from the harbor of Ashtabula River in Ohio, and a reference area located at the Lake Erie shore. Using gas chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry with isotope dilution, we identified and quantified numerous oxidatively modified DNA bases and 8,5′‐cyclopurine‐2′‐deoxynucleosides. We found significant differences in the concentrations of these potentially mutagenic and/or lethal lesions in the DNA of mussels from the harbor as compared to the animals collected at the reference site. These results align NOAA's data showing that elevated concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals were found in mussels within the harbor as compared to mussels collected in the reference site. The measured DNA lesions can be used as biomarkers for identifying DNA damage in mussels from polluted and reference sites. Such biomarkers are needed to identify the bioeffects of contaminants in affected organisms, as well as whether remedial actions have proven successful in reducing observed toxic effects.
High-fidelity PCR enzyme with DNA-binding domain facilitates de novo gene synthesis
Authors: Dolgova A. S. , Stukolova O. A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Nowadays enzymatic synthesis of genes is the most powerful tool for fast resolution of the various tasks in the field of basic and applied biological research. PCR-based gene assembly from overlapping oligonucleotides has become a widely used strategy. However, all the methods described in the literature are not perfect and need an extra processing step. In this study we are verifying Phusion high-fidelity polymerase as a tool to reduce nucleotide mismatches in de novo gene synthesis, thus facilitating subsequent cloning. To test the efficiency of the polymerase, we selected Fel d 4 gene, which is a 581 bp DNA sequence encoding the lipocalin allergen protein, one of the major cat allergens. The approach described here, therefore, would be useful in DNA sequences creation.
Development of PR genes panel for screening aphid-tolerant cultivars in Brassica juncea
Authors: Sandeep Raj R. , Thakur Sonal V. , Hussen Vora Shebhan , Joshi Madhvi N. , Tyagi Shradha Nand , Bagatharia Snehal B. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The exorbitant yield loss incurred by Indian farmers every year (10–90%) in rapeseed–mustard (Brassica juncea) is chiefly attributed to the progressive infestation of mustard fields by Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.), a major insect pest belonging to the family of Homoptera. Currently there are no successful tolerant cultivars developed by conventional means in Brassica juncea with systemic plant responses in the form of direct or indirect defenses against aphid attack. Lack of specific methods for screening large numbers of genotypes required in breeding for selection of tolerant cultivars in mustard is one of the main causes of slow progress in developing resistant varieties of Brassica juncea. Traditional phenotype-based breeding has to be augmented with recent molecular approaches for potential genotype selection and cultivar development in Brassica juncea. In current study a pathogen-responsive gene panel was developed which could be used for expression-assisted breeding program in mustard for selection of tolerant types against aphid infestation, minimizing the huge crop losses suffered by farmers every year.
Improved fat transplantation survival by using the conditioned medium of vascular endothelial growth factor transfected human adipose‐derived stem cells
Authors: Zhang Yang , Xiao Li‐Ling , Li Jiang‐Xuan , Liu Hong‐Wei , Li Sheng‐Hong , Wu Yan‐Yun , Liao Xuan , Rao Cong‐Qiang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAutologous fat transplantation has been applied widely in clinic. However, the low survival rate is still a problem to be solved. Studies shows that the human adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) transfected by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can improve the survival rate of autologous fat transplantation. Our study is to evaluate the effects of the conditioned medium of VEGF‐transfected human adipose‐derived stem cells (VEGF‐ADSCs‐CM) on fat transplantation. ADSCs were isolated and transfected with MOI = 40. The study was divided into three groups, VEGF‐ADSCs‐CM group, normal‐ADSCs‐CM group and control group. The conditioned media for VEGF‐ADSCs‐CM group and normal‐ADSCs‐CM group were collected, and then mixed with fat, with the mixtures being injected into the back of nude mice. On 4, 7, 15, 30, 60 days after transplantation, the grafts were evaluated on the wet weight, histology, ELISA and western blot. As the results revealed, the survival rate of VEGF‐ADSCs‐CM group was highest with the best fat cell morphology, and the VEGF secretion of VEGF‐ADSCs‐CM group was also highest. Therefore, our study demonstrates that VEGF‐ADSCs‐CM can improve the survival rate of fat transplantation effectively, and VEGF‐ADSCs‐CM can be regarded as an effective assisted method for fat transplantation.
Integrating disparate occurrence reports to map data-poor species ranges and occupancy: a case study of the Vulnerable bearded pigSus barbatus
Authors: Ke Alison , Luskin Matthew Scott 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMonitoring species ranges and suitable and occupied habitat are core components of biogeography, ecology and conservation biology, but it is difficult to do for rare, cryptic, wide-ranging, migratory or nomadic species. We present a transparent and objective process to combine multiple types of locality data (peer-reviewed and grey literature, museum collections, camera-trap inventories, and citizen science reports). We illustrate the advantages of this pooled approach by assessing change in range and patch occupancy for a data-poor and threatened nomadic keystone species, the bearded pigSus barbatus, in Borneo, Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. We used a collated set of all occurrence observations (n = 240) to create minimum convex polygons for forested habitats for two time periods. We evaluated confidence that a patch was truly occupied by the overlap among data types. We found that 62% of the forest habitat of the Sumatran bearded pigS. barbatus oiwas lost during 1990–2010 and that its range contracted by 76%; the Bornean bearded pigS.barbatus barbatuslost 23 and 24% of its forest habitat and range, respectively, and in Peninsular Malaysia the 93% range collapse of this subspecies during 1985–2010 is more severe than the 33% habitat loss alone would suggest. We conclude that integrating data types can improve mapping of the ranges of many data-poor species.
Attention and Regional Gray Matter Development in Very Preterm Children at Age 12 Years
Authors: Lean Rachel E. , Melzer Tracy R. , Bora Samudragupta , Watts Richard , Woodward Lianne J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectives: This study examines the selective, sustained, and executive attention abilities of very preterm (VPT) born children in relation to concurrent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of regional gray matter development at age 12 years. Methods: A regional cohort of 110 VPT (≤32 weeks gestation) and 113 full term (FT) born children were assessed at corrected age 12 years on the Test of Everyday Attention-Children. They also had a structural MRI scan that was subsequently analyzed using voxel-based morphometry to quantify regional between-group differences in cerebral gray matter development, which were then related to attention measures using multivariate methods. Results: VPT children obtained similar selective (p=.85), but poorer sustained (p=.02) and executive attention (p=.01) scores than FT children. VPT children were also characterized by reduced gray matter in the bilateral parietal, temporal, prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices, bilateral thalami, and left hippocampus; and increased gray matter in the occipital and anterior cingulate cortices (family-wise error–corrected p<.05). Poorer sustained auditory attention was associated with increased gray matter in the anterior cingulate cortex (p=.04). Poor executive shifting attention was associated with reduced gray matter in the right superior temporal cortex (p=.04) and bilateral thalami (p=.05). Poorer executive divided attention was associated with reduced gray matter in the occipital (p=.001), posterior cingulate (p=.02), and left temporal (p=.01) cortices; and increased gray matter in the anterior cingulate cortex (p=.001). Conclusions: Disturbances in regional gray matter development appear to contribute, at least in part, to the poorer attentional performance of VPT children at school age. (JINS, 2017, 23, 539–550)