bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change of somatosensory function of the tongue caused by chorda tympani nerve disorder after stapes surgery
Authors: Maeda Emi , Katsura Hirokazu , Nin Tomomi , Sakaguchi‐Fukunaga Akiko , Mishiro Yasuo , Sakagami Masafumi 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesPatients after middle ear surgery often complain of taste disturbance and a lingual numbness. The purpose of this study was to objectively assess changes in the somatosensation of the tongue and taste function in patients undergoing stapes surgery.Study DesignProspective study.MethodsSymptoms of taste disturbance and tongue numbness after surgery were investigated before and after surgery in 41 patients (13 males, 28 females; mean age 41.8 years) who underwent stapes surgery. Twenty‐eight patients (9 males, 19 females; mean age 43.1 years) underwent sensory and taste function tests before and after surgery. Sensory function of the tongue was measured at the operated side and the nonoperated side using the 2‐point discrimination test and an electrostimulator test. Taste function was assessed with electrogustometry (EGM).ResultsThe chorda tympani nerve (CTN) was gently touched or stretched in all patients. Postoperative thresholds on the operated side were significantly higher than preoperative thresholds in all tests in the patients who underwent all three kinds of tests. Tongue somatosensory symptoms improved significantly earlier than the taste disturbance postoperatively, and the sensory thresholds returned to the baseline along with recovery of symptoms.ConclusionThese findings suggest that dysfunction of the CTN occurred following surgery even when the CTN was preserved, and that the sensory nerve threshold of the tongue correlated with the symptom of lingual numbness. The CTN may play a role not only in taste function but also in the somatosensory function of the tongue.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:701–706, 2018
Asian and non‐Asian disparities in outcomes of non‐nasopharyngeal head and neck cancer
Authors: Kim Jason D. , Chang Jennifer T. , Moghaddamjou Ali , Kornelsen Emily A. , Ruan Jenny Y. , Olson Robert A. , Cheung Winson Y. 
Published: April 2017

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate disparities in overall survival (OS) between Asian and non‐Asian patients diagnosed with non‐nasopharyngeal head and neck cancer (HNC).Study DesignThis was a population‐based, retrospective study of patients diagnosed with non‐nasopharyngeal HNC of squamous cell carcinoma histology between 2001 and 2010 in British Columbia, Canada.MethodsUsing Kaplan‐Meier methods and Cox regression models, we examined the relationship between race and OS.ResultsA total of 3,036 patients were included in the study. Median age was 64 years, 74% were men, and 7% were Asians. Asians had worse Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status (29% vs. 23%, P = .07) and larger tumors (33% vs. 21%, P = .02), and were more likely to be diagnosed with oral cavity cancers (38% vs. 25%, P < .001) than non‐Asians. Asians were also less likely to receive multimodality therapy than non‐Asians (90% vs. 95%, P = .02). Asians were more likely to have never smoked (49% vs. 15%, P < .001) and to be married or with a partner (80% vs. 69%, P = .02). Multivariate models showed that Asians had better OS than non‐Asians (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.25‐0.99, P = .05). Three‐year OS did not differ significantly between Asians and non‐Asians (41% vs. 42%, P = .18); however, 5‐year OS did (22% vs. 19% P = .03). Stratifying by treatment type, outcomes were comparable in both groups except for radiotherapy alone, where Asians showed significantly better OS (HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51‐0.99, P = .04). Advanced age, worse ECOG, greater tumor size, and lack of treatment also correlated with inferior OS.ConclusionsDespite several worse prognostic features and less aggressive treatment, Asians tended to exhibit better OS than non‐Asians.Level of Evidence2c. Laryngoscope, 127:2528–2533, 2017
Trace metal composition of size‐fractionated plankton in the Western Philippine Sea: The impact of anthropogenic aerosol deposition
Authors: Liao Wen‐Hsuan , Yang Shun‐Chung , Ho Tung‐Yuan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe surface water of the Western Philippine Sea (WPS) receives a significant amount of anthropogenic aerosols from East Asia, serving as an ideal location to investigate the impact of anthropogenic aerosol deposition on trace metal composition and cycling in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean (NWPO). As part of the Taiwan GEOTRACES process study, we have collected size‐fractionated plankton from surface water to investigate their metal composition in the open ocean. Elemental ratios in plankton, P‐ and Al‐normalized, are used to evaluate the sources of trace metals and the relative contribution of different metal components in plankton assemblages. Most of the trace metal quotas in plankton are one to two orders of magnitude higher than their intracellular plankton quota, indicating that the majority of the metals are most likely to be extracellularly adsorbed or aggregated on plankton. The metal to Al ratios for most of the trace metals in plankton are also one to two orders of magnitude higher than their lithogenic composition, but are relatively close to metal composition in aerosols collected in situ. This supports the notion that particulate trace metals associated with plankton mainly originate from anthropogenic aerosols, not lithogenic particles. Compared to plankton metal quotas obtained in other oceanic regions, trace metal quotas observed in the WPS rank among the highest for Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu globally. Our study demonstrates that anthropogenic aerosol deposition has significantly elevated trace metal concentrations in the size‐fractionated plankton in the surface water of the NWPO relative to the biological requirements.
The Best I Can Be: How Self‐Accountability Impacts Product Choice in Technology‐Mediated Environments
Authors: Rowe Zoe O. , Wilson Hugh N. , Dimitriu Radu M. , Breiter Katja , Charnley Fiona J. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTTechnology‐mediated environments are important not only as the location for an increasing proportion of purchases, but also as an even more pervasive part of the purchase journey. While most research into online consumer behavior focuses on attitudes as an antecedent of product choice, this article focuses on an important but hardly explored variable that may be impacted by technology‐mediated environments: self‐accountability. Laboratory experiments suggest that self‐accountability may influence online purchases, but this has not been confirmed in field studies. Furthermore, although this prior work suggests that self‐accountability may impact product choice through the elicitation of guilt, the role of positive emotions has not been explored. Using two surveys with online retailers, this paper (a) shows that in a technology‐mediated environment, self‐accountability influences product choice; (b) proposes and confirms a complementary route for this effect through pride that is stronger than that through guilt; and (c) evidences the relationship between self‐accountability and perceived consumer effectiveness. These results show a clear opportunity for digital marketers to encourage self‐accountability, to thereby elicit pride and not just guilt, and hence to impact consumer decision making in technology‐mediated environments, particularly when choices have sustainability implications.
“Why Do Young Thai Women Desire White Skin?” Understanding Conscious and Nonconscious Motivations of Young Women in Bangkok
Authors: Cuny Caroline , Opaswongkarn Titima 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTSkin whitening has been studied mainly using a postcolonial attitude analysis emphasizing conscious reasons behind skin bleaching. Studies dedicated to gaining a rich understanding of nonconscious motivations for skin whitening are scarce, especially in Asia. Therefore, two studies were conducted by using an innovative mix of research protocols to access to both conscious and nonconscious motivations. The studies were conducted among 92 female regular skin whitening users, aged 18–24 years, in Bangkok, Thailand. Study 1, among 42 women, used three‐combined qualitative research techniques of laddering, projective technique, and photo elicitation. Study 2 was conducted among 50 women to quantitatively test nonconscious motives implicitly associated with different white skin tones. The results revealed that motives are not linked to westernization. In a very competitive environment, light skin is seen as a strategic method to maintain men's loyalty, enhance self‐esteem, and guarantee career success. Managerial and methodological implications for marketers are discussed.
Conservation and diversity of the IrrE/DdrO‐controlled radiation response in radiation‐resistant Deinococcus bacteria
Authors: Blanchard Laurence , Guérin Philippe , Roche David , Cruveiller Stéphane , Pignol David , Vallenet David , Armengaud Jean , de Groot Arjan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe extreme radiation resistance of Deinococcus bacteria requires the radiation‐stimulated cleavage of protein DdrO by a specific metalloprotease called IrrE. DdrO is the repressor of a predicted radiation/desiccation response (RDR) regulon, composed of radiation‐induced genes having a conserved DNA motif (RDRM) in their promoter regions. Here, we showed that addition of zinc ions to purified apo‐IrrE, and short exposure of Deinococcus cells to zinc ions, resulted in cleavage of DdrO in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Binding of IrrE to RDRM‐containing DNA or interaction of IrrE with DNA‐bound DdrO was not observed. The data are in line with IrrE being a zinc peptidase, and indicate that increased zinc availability, caused by oxidative stress, triggers the in vivo cleavage of DdrO unbound to DNA. Transcriptomics and proteomics of Deinococcus deserti confirmed the IrrE‐dependent regulation of predicted RDR regulon genes and also revealed additional members of this regulon. Comparative analysis showed that the RDR regulon is largely well conserved in Deinococcus species, but also showed diversity in the regulon composition. Notably, several RDR genes with an important role in radiation resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans, for example pprA, are not conserved in some other radiation‐resistant Deinococcus species.
Direct Detection of Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) in Real Banknotes from ATM Explosion by EASI‐MS
Authors: Nascimento Correa Deleon , Melendez‐Perez Jose J. , Jardim Zacca Jorge , Borges Rodrigo , Morgado Schmidt Eduardo , Eberlin Marcos Nogueira , Meurer Eduardo César 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn Brazil, automated teller machine (ATM) has become a major target of theft incursions toward explosion. Efficient analysis of explosives residues on suspect banknotes is a serious issue in forensic labs, and guide to the crime solution. Easy ambient sonic‐spray ionization mass spectrometry (EASI‐MS) is shown to be a simple and selective screening tool to identify peroxide explosives on real banknotes collected from ATM explosion. Analyses were carried out directly on the banknotes surfaces without any sample preparation, identifying triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and diacetone diperoxide (DADP). Homemade EASI source was coupled to ultrahigh‐resolution and ultrahigh accuracy FT‐ICR MS and revealed the ion of m/z 245 correspondent to sodiated TATP [C9H18O6Na]+ and the ion of m/z 171 related to sodiated DADP [C6H12O4Na]+, ions that is the sodiated DADP and the ions of m/z 173 and 189 related to [C6H14O4Na]+ and [C6H14O4K]+, respectively, which are associated to chemical markers of TATP domestic route synthesis. EASI source coupled to a single quadrupole mass spectrometer provides an intelligent and simple way to identify the explosives TATP, DADP and its domestic synthesis markers.
The cobweb theorem and delays in adjusting supply in metals' markets
Authors: Glöser‐Chahoud Simon , Hartwig Johannes , Wheat I. David , Faulstich Martin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGlobal industrial metal markets have experienced a drastic price decline over the past years. In this paper we link the dynamics of raw material markets and commodity price fluctuations to a delayed adjustment of supply. Drawing on the classical cobweb theorem we show how the implementation of this theorem using system dynamics may yield a valuable explanation, not only for the recent price decline, but also for possible future price movements. Starting from a simple cobweb model of general industrial markets, we couple the price‐adjusting mechanics to the global copper market and demonstrate how a simple market model can be merged with a physical material flow model. This model captures both market dynamics and technical aspects of raw material processing, recycling and substitution and adds an explanation for the widely accepted fact that the cost structure of the copper industry cannot explain current price levels. Finally, we compare the system dynamics forecasting model with a traditional econometric forecasting method and found the system dynamics model to be more intuitive and better suited to capture and convey the structural market fundamentals. Copyright © 2017 System Dynamics Society
PHOEBE: an automation framework for the effective usage of diagnosis tools in the performance testing of clustered systems
Authors: Portillo‐Dominguez A. Omar , Perry Philip , Magoni Damien , Murphy John 
Published: April 2017

SummaryThe identification of performance issues and the diagnosis of their root causes are time‐consuming and complex tasks, especially in clustered environments. To simplify these tasks, researchers have been developing tools with built‐in expertise for practitioners. However, various limitations exist in these tools that prevent their efficient usage in the performance testing of clusters (e.g. the need of manually analysing huge volumes of distributed results). In a previous work, we introduced a policy‐based adaptive framework (PHOEBE) that automates the usage of diagnosis tools in the performance testing of clustered systems, in order to improve a tester's productivity, by decreasing the effort and expertise needed to effectively use such tools. This paper extends that work by broadening the set of policies available in PHOEBE, as well as by performing a comprehensive assessment of PHOEBE in terms of its benefits, costs and generality (with respect to the used diagnosis tool). The performed evaluation involved a set of experiments in assessing the different trade‐offs commonly experienced by a tester when using a performance diagnosis tool, as well as the time savings that PHOEBE can bring to the performance testing and analysis processes. Our results have shown that PHOEBE can drastically reduce the effort required by a tester to do performance testing and analysis in a cluster. PHOEBE also exhibited consistent behaviour (i.e. similar time‐savings and resource utilisations), when applied to a set of commonly used diagnosis tools, demonstrating its generality. Finally, PHOEBE proved to be capable of simplifying the configuration of a diagnosis tool. This was achieved by addressing the identified trade‐offs without the need for manual intervention from the tester. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alpha-Ketoglutarate Curbs Differentiation and Induces Cell Death in Mesenchymal Stromal Precursors with Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Authors: Singh Karmveer , Krug Linda , Basu Abhijit , Meyer Patrick , Treiber Nicolai , Vander Beken Seppe , Wlaschek Meinhard , Kochanek Stefan , Bloch Wilhelm , Geiger Hartmut , Maity Pallab , Scharffetter-Kochanek Karin 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating from dysfunctional mitochondria contribute to diverse aging-related degenerative disorders. But so far little is known about the impact of distinct ROS on metabolism and fate of stromal precursor cells. Here, we demonstrate that an increase in superoxide anion radicals due to superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2) deficiency in stromal precursor cells suppress osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation through fundamental changes in the global metabolite landscape. Our data identify impairment of the pyruvate and l-glutamine metabolism causing toxic accumulation of alpha-ketoglutarate in the Sod2-deficient and intrinsically aged stromal precursor cells as a major cause for their reduced lineage differentiation. Alpha-ketoglutarate accumulation led to enhanced nucleocytoplasmic vacuolation and chromatin condensation-mediated cell death in Sod2-deficient stromal precursor cells as a consequence of DNA damage, Hif-1α instability, and reduced histone H3 (Lys27) acetylation. These findings hold promise for prevention and treatment of mitochondrial disorders commonly associated with aged individuals.
Effectiveness of 12–13‐week scan for early diagnosis of fetal congenital anomalies in the cell‐free DNA era
Authors: Kenkhuis M. J. A. , Bakker M. , Bardi F. , Fontanella F. , Bakker M. K. , Fleurke‐Rozema J. H. , Bilardo C. M. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesThe main aim of this study was to assess the proportion and type of congenital anomalies, both structural and chromosomal, that can be detected at an early scan performed at 12–13 weeks' gestation, compared with at the 20‐week structural anomaly scan offered under the present screening policy. Secondary aims were to evaluate the incidence of false‐positive findings and ultrasound markers at both scans, and parental choice regarding termination of pregnancy (TOP).MethodsSonographers accredited for nuchal translucency (NT) measurement were asked to participate in the study after undergoing additional training to improve their skills in late first‐trimester fetal anatomy examination. The early scans were performed according to a structured protocol, in six ultrasound practices and two referral centers in the north‐east of The Netherlands. All women opting for the combined test (CT) or with an increased a‐priori risk of fetal anomalies were offered a scan at 12–13 weeks' gestation (study group). All women with a continuing pregnancy were offered, as part of the ‘usual care’, a 20‐week anomaly scan.ResultsThe study group consisted of 5237 women opting for the CT and 297 women with an increased a‐priori risk of anomalies (total, 5534). In total, 51 structural and 34 chromosomal anomalies were detected prenatally in the study population, and 18 additional structural anomalies were detected after birth. Overall, 54/85 (63.5%) anomalies were detected at the early scan (23/51 (45.1%) structural and all chromosomal anomalies presenting with either an increased risk at first‐trimester screening or structural anomalies (31/34)). All particularly severe anomalies were detected at the early scan (all cases of neural tube defect, omphalocele, megacystis, and multiple severe congenital and severe skeletal anomalies). NT was increased in 12/23 (52.2%) cases of structural anomaly detected at the early scan. Of the 12 cases of heart defects, four (33.3%) were detected at the early scan, five (41.7%) at the 20‐week scan and three (25.0%) after birth. False‐positive diagnoses at the early scan and at the 20‐week scan occurred in 0.1% and 0.6% of cases, respectively, whereas ultrasound markers were detected in 1.4% and 3.0% of cases, respectively. After first‐ or second‐trimester diagnosis of an anomaly, parents elected TOP in 83.3% and 25.8% of cases, respectively.ConclusionsAn early scan performed at 12–13 weeks' gestation by a competent sonographer can detect about half of the prenatally detectable structural anomalies and 100% of those expected to be detected at this stage. Particularly severe anomalies, often causing parents to choose TOP, are amenable to early diagnosis. The early scan is an essential part of modern pregnancy care. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Changes in global strain of puborectalis muscle during pregnancy and postpartum
Authors: Grob A. T. M. , Hitschrich N. , van de Waarsenburg M. K. , Withagen M. I. J. , Schweitzer K. J. , van der Vaart C. H. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveOne of the functional parameters that can be assessed by ultrasound is muscle strain, which represents the extent of deformation of the muscle from its original shape when forces are applied to the tissue under study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pregnancy and delivery on the puborectalis muscle, by assessing changes in global strain of the muscle during and after pregnancy.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study on the association between stress urinary incontinence and levator ani muscle avulsion after delivery. Two‐hundred and eighty nulliparous pregnant women underwent four‐dimensional transperineal ultrasound assessments at 12 and 36  weeks of gestation, and 6 months postpartum. Tomographic ultrasound images were constructed and the puborectalis muscle was delineated by hand using programming software. After delineation, the length of the midline of the puborectalis muscle was measured at rest and during maximum pelvic floor muscle contraction, and global strain was expressed as percentile difference. Postpartum results were analyzed separately for vaginal, operative (vacuum) vaginal and Cesarean delivery. Differences in global strain of the puborectalis muscle according to mode of delivery were compared using a paired‐sample t‐test. The effect of partial or complete avulsion of the puborectalis muscle on postpartum strain was evaluated by ANOVA.ResultsIn total, 254 datasets were analyzed. Global strain of the puborectalis muscle did not change during pregnancy, but after spontaneous or operative vaginal delivery the global strain diminished significantly. No significant change was observed in strain of the puborectalis muscle after Cesarean delivery. Women who suffered complete bilateral avulsion had significantly lower strain compared with women with an intact puborectalis muscle.ConclusionSpontaneous or operative vacuum vaginal birth and complete bilateral avulsion of the puborectalis muscle influence negatively the strain of the puborectalis muscle. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Guest Editors’ Introduction:Corporate Sustainability Management and Environmental Ethics
Authors: Schuler Douglas , Rasche Andreas , Etzion Dror , Newton Lisa 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT:This article reviews four key orientations in environmental ethics that range from an instrumental understanding of sustainability to one that acknowledges the intrinsic value of sustainable behavior (i.e., sustainable resource use, conservation and preservation, rights-based perspectives, and deep ecology). It then shows that the current scholarly discourse around corporate sustainability management—as reflected in environment management (EM), corporate social responsibility (CSR), and corporate political activity (CPA)—mostly favors an instrumental perspective on sustainability. Sustainable business practices are viewed as anthropocentric and are conceptualized as a means to achieve competitive advantage. Based on these observations, we speculate about what corporate sustainability management might look like if it applied ethical orientations that emphasize the intrinsic value of nature. This discussion also includes an introduction to two articles in this special section focused on the role of the environmental manager and sustainability standards, both of which offer paths for incorporating intrinsic valuation of the environment into sustainability management.