bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanistische Studien an zwei bakteriellen Diterpencyclasen: Spiroviolen‐Synthase und Tsukubadien‐Synthase
Authors: Rabe Patrick , Rinkel Jan , Dolja Etilia , Schmitz Thomas , Nubbemeyer Britta , Luu T. Hoang , Dickschat Jeroen S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDie Mechanismen von zwei Diterpencyclasen aus Streptomyceten – eine mit unbekanntem Produkt, das als der spirocyclische Kohlenwasserstoff Spiroviolen identifiziert wurde, und eine mit dem bekannten Produkt Tsukubadien – wurden detailliert durch Isotopenmarkierungsexperimente untersucht. Obwohl die Strukturen der Produkte sehr unterschiedlich sind, beginnen die Cyclisierungsmechanismen beider Enzyme mit derselben Cyclisierungsreaktion, bevor sie auf dem Weg zu ihren individuellen Produkten divergieren. Dies spiegelt die nahe phylogenetische Verwandtschaft der Enzyme wider.
Mccrearamycins A–D, Geldanamycin‐Derived Cyclopentenone Macrolactams from an Eastern Kentucky Abandoned Coal Mine Microbe
Authors: Wang Xiachang , Zhang Yinan , Ponomareva Larissa V. , Qiu Qingchao , Woodcock Ryan , Elshahawi Sherif I. , Chen Xiabin , Zhou Ziyuan , Hatcher Bruce E. , Hower James C. , Zhan Chang‐Guo , Parkin Sean , Kharel Madan K. , Voss S. Randal , Shaaban Khaled A. , Thorson Jon S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFour cyclopentenone‐containing ansamycin polyketides (mccrearamycins A–D), and six new geldanamycins (Gdms B–G, including new linear and mycothiol conjugates), were characterized as metabolites of Streptomyces sp. AD‐23‐14 isolated from the Rock Creek underground coal mine acid drainage site. Biomimetic chemical conversion studies using both simple synthetic models and Gdm D confirmed that the mccrearamycin cyclopentenone derives from benzilic acid rearrangement of 19‐hydroxy Gdm, and thereby provides a new synthetic derivatization strategy and implicates a potential unique biocatalyst in mccrearamycin cyclopentenone formation. In addition to standard Hsp90α binding and cell line cytotoxicity assays, this study also highlights the first assessment of Hsp90α modulators in a new axolotl embryo tail regeneration (ETR) assay as a potential new whole animal assay for Hsp90 modulator discovery.
Enrichment of Specifically Labeled Proteins by an Immobilized Host Molecule
Authors: Murray James , Sim Jaehwan , Oh Kyunghoon , Sung Gihyun , Lee Ara , Shrinidhi Annadka , Thirunarayanan Ayyavu , Shetty Dinesh , Kim Kimoon 
Published: February 2017

AbstractChemical proteomics relies primarily on click‐chemistry‐based protein labeling and biotin‐streptavidin enrichment, but these techniques have inherent limitations. Enrichment of intracellular proteins using a totally synthetic host–guest complex is described, overcoming the problem associated with the classical approach. We achieve this by affinity‐based protein labeling with a target‐specific probe molecule conjugated to a high‐affinity guest (suberanilohydroxamic acid–ammonium‐adamantane; SAHA‐Ad) and then enriching the labeled species using a cucurbit[7]uril bead. This method shows high specificity for labeled molecules in a MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell lysate. Moreover, this method shows promise for labeling proteins in live cells.
Messtechnik für den Erdkabeltrassenbau – Ermittlung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Bettungsmaterialien
Authors: Stegner Johannes , Drefke Christoph , Hailemariam Henok , Anbergen Hauke , Wuttke Frank , Sass Ingo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIm Zuge der Energiewende erfolgt eine Netzumstrukturierung zur Übertragung der dezentral und aus erneuerbaren Quellen erzeugten elektrischen Energie. Ein Schlüsselelement des Energietransportes und der Verteilung stellt hierbei der Ausbau von Erdkabel trassen dar. In den kommenden Jahren werden dazu massive Netzausbaumaßnahmen notwendig.Ein entscheidender Auslegungsparameter für Kabeltrassen ist die Einhaltung der zulässigen Betriebstemperaturen des Kabels. Die Wärmeentwicklung des sich unter Last aufheizenden Kabels muss möglichst effizient an den umgebenden Untergrund abgegeben werden. Die physikalischen Eigenschaften von Bettungsmaterialien, welche zum Einbau der Kabel mechanisch verdichtet werden, können durch diese Verdichtung zum Teil erheblichen Veränderungen unterliegen. In der Praxis werden diese Größen häufig auf Grundlage tabellierter Werte angenommen. In der Realität finden jedoch vielfältige thermisch‐hydraulisch gekoppelte Transportprozesse statt, deren genaue Analyse eine ökonomischere Auslegung einer Trasse ermöglichen kann. So können Kabel in Böden mit hohen effektiven Wärmeleitfähigkeiten höher belastet werden und Böden mit geringer effektiver Wärmeleitfähigkeit bereits im Bau erkannt und ausgetauscht oder durch bauliche Maßnahmen entsprechend verbessert werden. Damit können u. a. auch Kabelschäden aufgrund von Überhitzung vermieden werden. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden die hier vorgestellten Messverfahren entwickelt, welche eine zügige Laboruntersuchung der relevanten thermischen und hydraulischen Parameter von Bettungsmaterialien ermöglichen.
Simultaneous determination of mycophenolic acid and its glucuronide and glycoside derivatives in canine and feline plasma by UHPLC‐UV
Authors: Rivera Sol Maiam , Hwang Julianne K. , Slovak Jeniffer E. , Court Michael H. , Villarino Nicolas F. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCats and dogs can suffer from multiple autoimmune diseases. Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is a potentially useful immunosuppressant drug in cats and dogs, because of its well‐documented efficacy in controlling autoimmune disease in humans. However, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in these species remain to be determined. We have developed and validated a sensitive, precise, accurate and reproducible method that provides consistent quantification of MPA and its major derivatives, MPA phenol glucoside and MPA phenol glucuronide, in canine and feline plasma using ultra‐high‐pressure liquid chromatography coupled to an ultraviolet detector. The main advantages of this novel method include a small sample volume, easy sample preparation, a short chromatographic analysis time and the option to select either phenolphthalein β‐d‐glucuronide or mycophenolic acid carboxybutoxy ether as internal standard. Results of validation indicate that this analytical method is suitable to study the plasma disposition of MPA and its derivatives in dogs and cats.
SoFA: A matlab‐based educational software for the shallow foundation analysis and design
Authors: Nikolaou Konstantinos , Pitilakis Dimitris 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTShallow Foundation Analysis (SoFA) software is a newly‐developed free stand‐alone program based on Matlab for the calculation of bearing capacity and settlements of shallow foundations. SoFA uses several well‐known formulas from the literature and design codes that are preferred in engineering practice and not complicated numerical methods. The main goal is to provide the end‐user (student, academic, or professional civil engineer) with a simple, useful, user‐friendly tool to perform preliminary assessment of foundation analysis. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 25:214–221, 2017; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21791
Safety of catheter‐directed thrombolysis for massive and submassive pulmonary embolism: Results of a multicenter registry and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bloomer Tyler L. , El‐Hayek Georges E. , McDaniel Michael C. , Sandvall Breck C. , Liberman Henry A. , Devireddy Chandan M. , Kumar Gautam , Fong Pete P. , Jaber Wissam A. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of catheter‐directed thrombolysis (CDT) in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism (PE).BackgroundThe use of CDT for the treatment of acute submassive and massive PE is increasing in frequency. However, its safety and efficacy have not been well elucidated.MethodsThis study is made of two parts: one is a two‐center registry of acute PE patients treated with CDT. The safety outcome evaluated was any major complication including fatal, intracranial (ICH), intraocular, or retroperitoneal hemorrhage or any overt bleeding requiring transfusion or surgical repair. The efficacy outcome was acute change in invasive pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP). The second part is a meta‐analysis of all contemporary studies that used CDT for PE. Reported outcomes are the same as in the registry, with the addition of right ventricular to left ventricular (RV/LV) ratio change.ResultsIn the registry, 137 patients were included (age 59 ± 15, 50% male, 88% submassive PE). ICH occurred in two patients and major complications in 13 (9.4%). PASP decreased post procedure by 19 ± 15 mm Hg (95% CI 16–23). In the meta‐analysis, 16 studies were included with 860 patients. Rate of ICH was 0.35% and the major complication rate was 4.65%, most requiring transfusion only. In‐hospital mortality was 12.9% in the massive and 0.74% in the submassive group. All studies showed improvement in PASP and/or RV/LV ratio post CDT.ConclusionsCDT is associated with a low major complication rate. Randomized studies are needed to evaluate its efficacy relative to anticoagulation alone. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Case report: apixaban‐induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Snellgrove Oliver 
Published: February 2017

Key Clinical MessageApixaban is a relatively new drug, and its safety profile is still being established. Thrombocytopenia is an uncommon, but life‐threatening side effect with no previous published case repots. Clinicians must be aware of this and exercise caution particularly as some studies hint that it may be used in the management of HIT.
Cyclometalated N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Platinum(II) Complexes with Bridging Pyrazolates: Enhanced Photophysical Properties of Binuclear Blue Emitters
Authors: Pinter P. , Unger Y. , Strassner T. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe synthesis of the first examples of phosphorescent binuclear cyclometalated N‐heterocyclic carbene C^C* μ‐pyrazolate platinum(II) complexes are reported and the photophysical characterization of the single isomers is described. The complexes exhibit a strong phosphorescent emission in the blue region of the visible spectrum with very high quantum yields of up to 86 % at room temperature (PMMA film) and 98 % at 77 K (2‐MeTHF).
Flow‐Cytometry‐Based Method to Detect Escherichia coli and Shigella Spp. Using 16S rRNA‐Based Probe
Authors: Xue Yong , Wilkes Jon G. , Moskal Ted J. , Williams Anna J. , Cooper Willie M. , Buzatu Dan A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDetection of microbial contamination in foods before they go on to the market can help prevent the occurrence of foodborne illness outbreaks. Current methods for the detection of Escherichia coli are limited by time‐consuming procedures, which include multiple culture incubation steps, and require several days to get results. This unit describes the development of an improved rapid flow‐cytometry‐based detection method that has greater sensitivity and specificity. This method requires less time‐to‐results (TTR) and can detect a small number of E. coli in the presence of large numbers of other bacteria. Clear step‐by‐step protocols for cell concentration determination, sample preparation, and flow cytometric analysis are provided. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Assessment of Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP) Inhibition in Membrane Vesicles Using Radioactive and LC/MS‐Based Detection Methods
Authors: Marroquin Lisa D. , Bonin Paul D. , Keefer Julie , Schroeter Thomas 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe bile salt export pump (BSEP, ABCB11) belongs to the ATP‐binding‐cassette superfamily of transporters and is predominately found in the liver. BSEP is an efflux transporter that plays a critical role in the secretion of bile salts into the bile. Inhibition of BSEP function by drugs can result in the buildup of bile salts in the liver and eventually leads to cholestasis and drug‐induced liver injury (DILI). DILI is a major cause of withdrawal of drugs from the pharmaceutical market and accounts for >50% of acute liver failures. Therefore, early detection of BSEP inhibition by drugs can help to mitigate the possibility of BSEP‐associated liver injury. This unit describes two assays that investigate the relationship between drug interference with BSEP function and liver injury using membrane vesicles prepared from Hi5 insect cells transfected with human BSEP. Comprehensive protocols for assessing BSEP inhibition in a 384‐well format using radiolabeled and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS)–based detection methods are described. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evaluating the consequences of salmon nutrients for riparian organisms: Linking condition metrics to stable isotopes
Authors: Vizza Carmella , Sanderson Beth L. , Coe Holly J. , Chaloner Dominic T. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractStable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) have been used extensively to trace nutrients from Pacific salmon, but salmon transfer more than carbon and nitrogen to stream ecosystems, such as phosphorus, minerals, proteins, and lipids. To examine the importance of these nutrients, metrics other than isotopes need to be considered, particularly when so few studies have made direct links between these nutrients and how they affect riparian organisms. Our study specifically examined δ13C and δ15N of riparian organisms from salmon and non‐salmon streams in Idaho, USA, at different distances from the streams, and examined whether the quality of riparian plants and the body condition of invertebrates varied with access to these nutrients. Overall, quality and condition metrics did not mirror stable isotope patterns. Most notably, all riparian organisms exhibited elevated δ15N in salmon streams, but also with proximity to both stream types suggesting that both salmon and landscape factors may affect δ15N. The amount of nitrogen incorporated from Pacific salmon was low for all organisms (<20%) and did not correlate with measures of quality or condition, probably due to elevated δ15N at salmon streams reflecting historical salmon runs instead of current contributions. Salmon runs in these Idaho streams have been declining, and associated riparian ecosystems have probably seen about a 90% reduction in salmon‐derived nitrogen since the 1950s. In addition, our results support those of other studies that have cautioned that inferences from natural abundance isotope data, particularly in conjunction with mixing models for salmon‐derived nutrient percentage estimates, may be confounded by biogeochemical transformations of nitrogen, physiological processes, and even historical legacies of nitrogen sources. Critically, studies should move beyond simply describing isotopic patterns to focusing on the consequences of salmon‐derived nutrients by quantifying the condition and fitness of organisms putatively using those resources.
Duration of the parasitic phase determines subsequent performance in juvenile freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera)
Authors: Marwaha Janhavi , Jensen Knut Helge , Jakobsen Per Johan , Geist Juergen 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHost–parasite systems have been useful in understanding coevolutionary patterns in sympatric species. Based on the exceptional interaction of the long‐lived and highly host‐specific freshwater pearl mussel (FPM; Margaritifera margaritifera) with its much shorter‐lived host fish (Salmo trutta or Salmo salar), we tested the hypotheses that a longer duration of the parasitic phase increases fitness‐related performance of mussels in their subsequent post parasitic phase, and that temperature is the main factor governing the duration of the parasitic phase. We collected juvenile mussels from naturally and artificially infested fish from eight rivers in Norway. Excysted juvenile mussels were maintained separately for each collection day, under similar temperature and food regimes, for up to 56 days. We recorded size at excystment, post excystment growth, and survival as indicators of juvenile fitness in relation to the duration of the parasitic phase. We also recorded the daily average temperatures for the entire excystment period. We observed strong positive relationships between the length of the parasitic phase and the post parasitic growth rate, size at excystment and post parasitic survival. Temperature was identified as an important factor governing excystment, with higher temperatures decreasing the duration of the parasitic phase. Our results indicate that juvenile mussels with the longest parasitic phase have better resources (larger size and better growth rate) to start their benthic developmental phase and therefore to survive their first winter. Consequently, the parasitic phase is crucial in determining subsequent survival. The temperature dependence of this interaction suggests that climate change may affect the sensitive relationship between endangered FPMs and their fish hosts.
Plant interactions as biotic drivers of plasticity in leaf litter traits and decomposability of Quercus petraea
Authors: Henneron Ludovic , Chauvat Matthieu , Archaux Frédéric , Akpa‐Vinceslas Marthe , Bureau Fabrice , Dumas Yann , Mignot Laurent , Ningre François , Perret Sandrine , Richter Claudine , Balandier Philippe , Aubert Michaël 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe importance of plant litter traits and decomposability for nutrient cycling processes and plant community dynamics through plant–litter–soil feedbacks has been largely emphasized. However, the role of biotic interactions as drivers of intraspecific variability in litter traits remains surprisingly little studied. In this study, we used a large‐scale, multi‐site network of long‐term tree removal experiments manipulating the abundance of a foundation tree species, i.e., Quercus petraea, to assess how plant interactions control intraspecific variation in oak leaf litter traits and decomposability. We studied 19 plots across eight experimental sites covering a large gradient of oak abundance, stand age, and local abiotic context. Oak leaf litter quality strongly declined with tree removal in early forest successional stage. Litter became poorer in nutrients such as N and Mg and richer in secondary metabolites such as lignin and condensed tannins. This in turn slowed its decomposition. Importantly, litter N loss switched from N release to N immobilization. Variance partitioning indicated that oak abundance explained as much variation in oak leaf litter traits as oak age and twice as much as soil inherent fertility. Confirmatory path analysis revealed that the decline of oak leaf litter quality induced by tree removal was most likely driven by a shift in understory plant species composition. Plasticity of oak leaf litter traits to the shortage of nutrient supply related to the development of understory plants competitors with higher nutrient capture and retention ability could potentially explain this response pattern. Our data also give consistent but weaker support that the decline of oak leaf litter quality could be driven by alleviated competition for light among canopy trees and subsequent enhanced crown exposure to light. Overall, our study provides evidence that biotic factors such as plant interactions are major drivers of plasticity in leaf litter traits and decomposability. This finding contributes to the emerging view that phenotypic plasticity is fundamentally related to biotic interactions for sessile organisms, especially for long‐lived and large plant species such as trees. Taking this source of functional diversity into account could help us to better understand plant community dynamics and ecological processes in terrestrial ecosystems.
Long‐term tree inventory data from mountain forest plots in France
Authors: Fuhr Marc , Cordonnier Thomas , Courbaud Benoît , Kunstler Georges , Mermin Eric , Riond Catherine , Tardif Pascal 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe present repeated tree measurement data from 63 permanent plots in mountain forests in France. Plot elevations range from 800 (lower limit of the montane belt) to 1942 m above sea level (subalpine belt). Forests mainly consist of pure or mixed stands dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Silver fir (Abies alba), and Norway spruce (Picea abies), in association with various broadleaved species at low elevation and with Arolla pine (Pinus cembra) at high elevation. The plot network includes 23 plots in stands that have not been managed for the last 40 years (at least) and 40 plots in plots managed according to an uneven‐aged system with single‐tree or small‐group selection cutting. Plot sizes range from 0.2 to 1.9 ha. Plots were installed from 1994 to 2004 and remeasured two to five times during the 1994–2015 period. During the first census (installation), living trees more than 7.5 cm in dbh were identified, their diameter at breast height (dbh) was measured and their social status (strata) noted. Trees were spatially located, either with x, y, and z coordinates (40 plots) or within 0.25‐ha square subplots (23 plots). In addition, in a subset of plots (58 plots), tree heights and tree crown dimensions were measured on a subset of trees and dead standing trees and stumps were included in the census. Remeasurements after installation include live tree diameters (including recruited trees), tree status (living, damaged, dead, stump), and for a subset of trees, height. At the time of establishment of the plots, plot densities range from 181 to 1328 stems/ha and plot basal areas range from 13.6 to 81.3 m2/ha.
Brain changes associated with cognitive and emotional factors in chronic pain: A systematic review
Authors: Malfliet A. , Coppieters I. , Van Wilgen P. , Kregel J. , De Pauw R. , Dolphens M. , Ickmans K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAn emerging technique in chronic pain research is MRI, which has led to the understanding that chronic pain patients display brain structure and function alterations. Many of these altered brain regions and networks are not just involved in pain processing, but also in other sensory and particularly cognitive tasks. Therefore, the next step is to investigate the relation between brain alterations and pain related cognitive and emotional factors. This review aims at providing an overview of the existing literature on this subject. Pubmed, Web of Science and Embase were searched for original research reports. Twenty eight eligible papers were included, with information on the association of brain alterations with pain catastrophizing, fear‐avoidance, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Methodological quality of eligible papers was checked by two independent researchers. Evidence on the direction of these associations is inconclusive. Pain catastrophizing is related to brain areas involved in pain processing, attention to pain, emotion and motor activity, and to reduced top‐down pain inhibition. In contrast to pain catastrophizing, evidence on anxiety and depressive symptoms shows no clear association with brain characteristics. However, all included cognitive or emotional factors showed significant associations with resting state fMRI data, providing that even at rest the brain reserves a certain activity for these pain‐related factors. Brain changes associated with illness perceptions, pain attention, attitudes and beliefs seem to receive less attention in literature.SignificanceThis review shows that maladaptive cognitive and emotional factors are associated with several brain regions involved in chronic pain. Targeting these factors in these patients might normalize specific brain alterations.