bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Fenbufen following Surgical Removal of a Lower Wisdom Tooth: A Comparison with Acetylsalicylic Acid and Placebo
Authors: Henrikson P-Å , Tjernberg A , Ahlström U , Peterson L-E 
Published: January 2017

In a double-blind clinical trial a new, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic properties, Fenbufen, was compared to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and placebo. Six hundred (600) out-patients, following surgical removal of an impacted lower wisdom tooth, were divided into three groups and randomly given either Fenbufen (500 mg capsules), ASA (750 mg capsules), or placebo. One capsule was taken immediately after the surgical procedure, followed by another capsule every 6 hours. The duration of treatment was 24 hours. Thus, a total of 4 capsules were taken. Self-evaluation forms were provided to the patients and were returned to the investigators the following day. The results were statistically analyzed. Both Fenbufen and ASA were statistically superior (p ≤ 0.01) to placebo in relieving pain. A comparison of the Fenbufen and ASA groups demonstrated a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) superiority for Fenbufen in relieving pain. Also sleep was less disturbed in the Fenbufen group. Side-effects reported were few, minor in character, and fewer in number in the Fenbufen group.
A Month-by-Month Long-Term Study on Carbamazepine: Clinical, EEG and Pharmacological Evaluation
Authors: Monaco F , Riccio A , Fantini M , Baruzzi A , Morselli P L 
Published: January 2017

Carbamazepine plasma levels were monitored for a twelve-month period in twenty epileptic patients. Seizure frequency decreased remarkably on inclusion of the drug in the therapy and attainment of plasma levels of 7–9 μg/ml. A faster breakdown rate in children was confirmed, while carbamazepine-10, 11-epoxide was present for carbamazepine levels above 4–5 μg/ml. EEG tracings did not show substantial modifications; this variable was thus considered to be of little value in assessing the clinical picture. Side-effects were minimal. Carbamazepine is increasingly becoming the drug of first choice in the management of both generalized and partial epilepsy, while better and more rapid results are obtained in monotherapy.
Hexopal in Raynaud's Disease
Authors: Aylward Mansel 
Published: January 2017

Twenty female patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon were included in a 9-month open assessment of Hexopal® tablets. Measurements of digital artery blood velocity rates by transcutaneous Doppler techniques, digital artery pressure by micromanometry, and hand blood flow by venous occlusion plethysmography were undertaken at regular intervals throughout the 9 months of the study in fourteen of the patients. Additionally, levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides and plasma fibrinogen were recorded and a visual analogue assessment was made by the patients of the severity of their condition. In patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon the blood pressure reductions during reactive hyperaemia were quantitatively more pronounced and prolonged compared to values obtained in adult healthy female subjects. In particular, pressure amplitudes were abolished initially in several cases which later developed progressively towards initial values. Blood flow and velocity rate values in the patients during reactive hyperaemia did not achieve levels previously recorded in normal adult healthy female subjects. Peak flow levels were reduced and the time course of reactive hyperaemia was delayed. Oral treatment with inositol nicotinate (Hexopal) was associated with statistically significant increases in transcutaneous blood velocity at rest and during reactive hyperaemia. There were some increases in hand blood flow, particularly in the group receiving 4 g/day, but the changes did not reach statistical significance. There were appreciable reductions in the time course of reactive hyperaemia phases and early attainment of blood pressure values close to the initial values. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations and plasma fibrinogen levels showed statistically significant reductions during the first three months of treatment and these reduced levels were sustained for the subsequent six months of the study. Improvements in the patients' visual analogue assessments of the severity of their conditions were statistically significant. The occurrence of significant improvements in digital arterial blood flow rates at rest and during reactive hyperaemia did not occur until the second month of treatment. These findings lend support to the proposal that nicotinic acid derivatives during long-term use may produce improvement in peripheral circulation by a mechanism which differs from the brief vasodilatory effect noted during acute administration.
An Investigation of the Effect on Platelet Function of Acetylsalicylic Acid, Dipyridamole and the Two Drugs in Combination in Patients with Transient Attacks of Ischaemia
Authors: Fassio G , Albizzati M G , Bassi S , Frattola L 
Published: January 2017

Twenty patients suffering from transient attacks of ischaemia were studied. Seven received acetylsalicylic acid, six dipyridamole and seven a combination of the two drugs. No significant difference in platelet aggregation was shown in the acute phase between the three treatment groups using an adenosine diphosphate test method. Using Thrombofax platelet substitute, however, a significant difference was seen in all measures. On the seventh day following the ischaemic attack the Thrombofax values returned to normal but, in contrast, Platelet Factor 4 release was increased. Monthly testing of platelet activity during treatment shows that the combination of acetylsalicylic acid with dipyridamole was more effective in bringing about an early inhibition of Platelet Factor 4 release than either agent alone.
Cardiovascular Effects of Intravenous Indoramin Hydrochloride in Man
Authors: Coleman A J , Leary W P , Asmal A C 
Published: January 2017

Haemodynamic effects of intravenous indoramin (5–20 mg) were measured in ten healthy volunteers. Slight falls in arterial and central venous blood pressures were noted but no significant changes in heart rate, right atrial pressure, cardiac output or derived values occurred, except for a fall in peripheral vascular resistance in three cases. An increase in skin blood flow to the feet was observed. An attempt was made to determine the mechanism of these responses and it was concluded that the drug was an alpha adrenoceptor blocking agent which appeared to act preferentially on those receptors controlling blood flow to the skin of extremities.
A Multicentre Study Examining the Substitution of Trasidrex for the Free Combination of Slow-Trasicor and Navidrex-K
Authors: Ebbutt A F , Dew R W Elsdon 
Published: January 2017

A multicentre, open study of general practice patients with essential hypertension who were currently being treated with oxprenolol and cyclopenthiazide was undertaken in which the patients were transferred to Trasidrex for 12 weeks. Weight, blood pressure, heart rate and side-effects were assessed pre-trial and at 4-week intervals. A global assessment was also made at the same time intervals. The mean serum potassium remained virtually unchanged after 12 weeks treatment with Trasidrex. Blood pressure control was marginally improved during the study and it is thought possible that better patient compliance might explain this. Trasidrex was tolerated equally as well as the free combination.
A General Practice Trial of an Amoxycillin/Flucloxacillin Combination (Suprapen) in Proven Bacterial Infections
Authors: Kritzinger N A 
Published: January 2017

Ninety-three cases of proven bacterial infection occurring in general practice were treated with an amoxycillin/flucloxacillin combination. There was a satisfactory clinical response in 98% of patients and an overall bacteriological success rate of 95.7%. Eleven patients (9.1%) complained of side-effects but withdrawal of the combination was necessary in only one patient who developed a rash.
Irreversible Thermic Shock in Rats: Methods and Results of a Standardized Shock Model
Authors: Flenker Hellmut 
Published: January 2017

A standardized model for thermic shock in rats is described: 30% of the body surface, i.e. an oval-shaped area from neck to tail and limited by the connecting line between front and back limb, is exposed to 70°C water for 180 seconds. The mean survival time was 2.63 ± 1.22 hours. Immediately after burn injury, thermic shock developed with decline of respiratory and heart frequency and there was a decrease of arterial blood pressure in the first hour after shock had been induced. Severe decline in pO2 in arterial blood and in ATP occurred 30 minutes after injury and a similar increase in blood glucose, lactate, pCO2 and arterial pH was noted. Pathological changes were demonstrable in liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, lung, small intestine and pancreas: disseminated intravascular coagulation and capillary stasis were predominant in all organs; in addition different changes in organs are described (cell injury, oedema etc. in lung, liver, kidney and pancreas).
Benzbromarone Therapy in Hyperuricaemia
Authors: Scott W A McDonald 
Published: January 2017

A series of patients with hyperuricaemia associated with rheumatic symptoms were treated with Benzbromarone (Minuric®) and followed over a period of 5 months. Each patient was assessed clinically and biochemically before and at regular monthly intervals during the trial. All patients showed a marked reduction in serum uric acid levels and a significant increase in urinary uric acid elimination rates. Some degree of clinical improvement was noted in most patients and the drug was well tolerated throughout the study. Two patients were withdrawn during the trial; one because of diarrhoea, probably due to benzbromarone and the other because of lack of efficacy.
Flufenamic Acid and Placebo Compared in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kagan G , Huddlestone L , Wolstencroft P 
Published: January 2017

Forty patients in general practice with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis were identified as suffering from moderate pain and tenderness and moderate stiffness in excess of 30 minutes. After discontinuation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for 2 weeks, a crossover study was conducted comparing the benefits of flufenamic acid, 100 mg, four times daily with placebo. At the same time, paracetamol at a dose up to 8 × 500 mg daily, could be used for pain which the patient judged to be unrelieved. Thirty-four patients completed the two 3-week test periods and twenty-one patients were improved in relation to morning stiffness and pain by flufenamic acid and twelve patients by placebo – a difference greater than would have occurred by chance (p = 0.05). At the same time, paracetamol consumption was reduced significantly from a mean of 91.29 tablets to 60.68 tablets for each 3-week period. Side-effects occurred in ten patients on placebo and fifteen patients on flufenamic acid. One patient on each medication had to discontinue for multiple side-effects. Diarrhoea occurred in two patients on flufenamic acid and in one patient on placebo. Flufenamic acid is clearly effective and side-effects do not occur more often than would be expected by chance when compared with placebo.
A Double-Blind Comparison of Ibuprofen, ASA-Codeine-Caffeine Compound and Placebo in the Treatment of Dental Surgery Pain
Authors: Squires D J P , Masson E L 
Published: January 2017

A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in eighty-seven patients with mild, moderate or severe dental surgery pain to evaluate the analgesic activity of a single oral dose of the following compounds: (i) ibuprofen 400 mg, (ii) ACC-30 (a compound containing ASA 375 mg; codeine phosphate 30 mg; caffeine citrate 30 mg), (iii) placebo. Ibuprofen was significantly better than ACC-30 and placebo on almost all pain intensity, degree of relief and duration of analgesia parameters. ACC-30 was not significantly different from placebo on any analgesic measurement. No serious side-effects were reported with any of the study medications.
Double-Blind Crossover Study of Carbuterol and Salbutamol in Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Misra N P , Tiwari U C , Khemchandani G T 
Published: January 2017

A double-blind crossover comparative study between carbuterol 3 mg thrice daily, carbuterol 2 mg thrice daily and salbutamol 4 mg thrice daily by the oral route was conducted in thirty patients suffering from bronchial asthma, selected at random, with more than 20% reduction in airway obstruction following isoprenaline inhalation. Each patient received all three drugs consecutively, each for 6 days, with a wash-out period in-between. The present study established a relative superiority of carbuterol 3 mg thrice daily over carbuterol 2 mg and salbutamol 4 mg thrice daily as evidenced by a higher percentage of subjective improvement (78.8%), preference shown by more cases (17/27), and need of additional drugs in a minimum number of cases (6/27), and significant improvement in FEV and MMEFR (p < 0.05). Salbutamol is known to produce tachycardia and a rise in blood pressure. There were no adverse side-effects on the cardiovascular system but unlike salbutamol, carbuterol produced a fall in pulse rate and blood pressure which should make carbuterol more acceptable to patients, especially on prolonged usage. There was an absence of significant side-effects on the haemopoietic system and kidneys; other side-effects observed with all three types of treatment were of a minor nature and did not necessitate withdrawal of the drug. Thus, carbuterol is an effective and safe selective beta-adrenergic stimulant, is relatively free from side-effects, and has a sustained bronchodilator effect, an advantage in therapeutic application, and is, as a result, a new effective drug in the management of bronchial asthma.
Controlled Clinical Trial with Fentiazac Cream in Sport Microtraumatology
Authors: Sinniger M , Blanchard P 
Published: January 2017

Fentiazac 5% cream was applied topically on limited articular and extraarticular inflammatory lesions in the course of a double-blind clinical trial versus placebo. The drug proved to be satisfactorily tolerated and also therapeutically effective since it changed significantly (p < 0.05 — < 0.01) the spontaneous course of the microtraumatic pathologic pattern producing an early attenuation and resolution of the painful and functional symptomatic pattern.
Sustained Antihypertensive Response with Minizide: Long-Term Follow-Up in a Multicentre Study
Authors: Woeltjen A E , Gordon A J 
Published: January 2017

The safety and effectiveness of prazosin hydrochloride combined with polythiazide for the treatment of hypertension was studied in four European countries by ten investigators. One-hundred and seventy-seven adult male and female patients, 91% with essential hypertension, were treated for an average of 7 months. Reductions from placebo-controlled baseline blood pressure exceeded 15% over the 8-week short-term phase of the study with further reductions of up to 22% observed at the end of the study. Ninety-six per cent of all patients completed therapy with a diastolic blood presssure of 90 mm Hg or less. Most patients were adequately controlled on 2 tablets or less once daily. Each tablet contained 0.5 mg prazosin hydrochloride and 0.25 mg polythiazide. Long-term toleration was excellent. Side-effects were typical of those expected with antihypertensive medication and nearly all were reported during the first 8 weeks of treatment with no interruption or discontinuation of drug. Nearly all patients were followed throughout for laboratory changes. There were minimal changes consistent with the therapy and there was no pattern indicative of toxic potential. It is concluded that the drug combination, Minizide, is effective and well tolerated as initial and long-term therapy in hypertension and that the convenient dosage regimen will lead to enhanced treatment compliance for this chronic condition.
Effects of Bezafibrate on Low HDL-Cholesterol in Patients with Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Noring L , Kjellin K G , Ledermann H 
Published: January 2017

Bezafibrate is a new lipid-lowering agent that quite consistently increases low HDL-cholesterol values in hyperlipoproteinaemic patients. The possible role of HDL-cholesterol as an anti-atherogenic factor has been frequently discussed, mainly in patients with ischaemic heart disease but recently also in ischaemic cerebrovascular disease (ICD). This is the first pilot study in six selected patients suffering from ICD who had at the same time low HDL-cholesterol values (< = 1.1 mmol/l) with otherwise normal lipids. After a wash-out period of 2 months duration these patients were treated with 200 mg bezafibrate t.i.d. for 2 months. They were then followed up for another 8 months. Bezafibrate therapy increased HDL-cholesterol (range 45–130%). Eight months after cessation of therapy five patients have returned to pathologically low HDL-levels and the sixth patient also has a relatively low value of 1.2 mmol/l. This small preliminary study cannot, however, provide evidence about the possible beneficial role of increasing HDL-cholesterol in patients with ICD. Further investigations are therefore in progress.
The Use of Diclofenac Sodium (Voltaren®) Suppositories as an Antipyretic in Children with Fever Due to Acute Infections: A Double-Blind, Between-Patient, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Polman H A , Huijbers W A R , Augusteijn R 
Published: January 2017

In a placebo-controlled double-blind, between-patient trial the antipyretic effect of diclofenac sodium (Voltaren®) was studied in forty-three children ranging from 2–10 years of age. All patients were hospitalized because of acute illness associated with fever (38.5° C-40.4° C; mean 39.3° C) due to viral or bacterial infections. The trial medication was given in the form of suppositories containing 25 mg of diclofenac sodium or as matching placebo to children aged from 2–5 years. The children aged from 6–10 years received a 50 mg diclofenac sodium suppository or placebo. Body temperature and pulse rate were measured at the time of administration and after 1/2, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours. The results showed a return to normal temperature values after 2 hours in all patients receiving diclofenac sodium, whereas in the placebo group only minimal changes were observed. No unwanted effects were reported.
Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics in Man of Acipimox, a New Antilipolytic and Hypolipemic Agent
Authors: Musatti L , Maggi E , Moro E , Valzelli G , Tamassia V 
Published: January 2017

Two separate studies were performed: in the first study four healthy male volunteers received three single oral doses (150, 250 and 400 mg) of 5-methylpyrazine carboxylic acid 4-oxide (acipimox) according to a randomized sequence. Plasma levels of the drug were determined by RIA and urinary excretion by HPLC. In the second trial the effect of food on the drug bioavailability and pharmacokinetics during repeated administration was investigated in six volunteers. The RIA method was adopted to measure plasma and urine levels. Acipimox was rapidly and almost completely absorbed after the three single doses. About 90% of the administered dose was recovered as unchanged drug in urine collected up to 24 h. Peak plasma levels, area under plasma level curves and urinary excretion were linearly related to the administered dose. The presence of food in the gastro-intestinal tract did not adversely affect the bioavailability of the drug. No significant changes were noted in the rate of elimination after 6 days of treatment with 250 mg t.i.d. Plasma levels determined after the 19th dose were in good agreement with those predicted on the assumption of linear pharmacokinetics and a one-compartment open model, with a half-life of about 2 h.
Double-Blind Crossover Study of Nabumetone versus Naproxen in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Verbruggen L A , Cytryn E , Pintens H 
Published: January 2017

Twenty-one patients entered a double-blind crossover study to compare nabumetone with naproxen. After a I-week run-in period using a coated acetylsalicylic acid preparation, ten patients received nabumetone (1 g at night) over a period of 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks on naproxen (250 mg b.i.d), while eleven patients received the same treatments in the reverse order. Morning stiffness, overall pain and night pain showed no significant difference after either treatment. A wide range of objective measurements were made relating to the hips, knees, and cervical and lumbar spine. No statistically significant differences were observed in the relatively small number of patients involved. Both treatments, however, appeared to produce a similar improvement in the patients. The physician's assessment showed that improvement occurred in a majority of the patients over the total trial period. Both drugs were considered to be equally effective and were both well tolerated. There was no special patient preference for either the first or second treatment. A total of eight patients reported side-effects, three during naproxen alone, three during both treatments, and two during the run-in period. In terms of tolerance, fifteen patients had no drug preference, six preferred nabumetone, none preferred naproxen. No evidence was found of changes in renal, hepatic or haematopoietic function with the two drugs tested.
Bioavailability Study on a New Slow-Release Formulation of Ketoprofen
Authors: Caruso I , Frigerio E , Fumagalli M , Liverta C , Moro L , Tamassia V 
Published: January 2017

Four healthy subjects volunteered for a crossover bioavailability study to compare the rate and extent of absorption of plain capsules and new slow-release capsules of ketoprofen. The formulations were administered in two consecutive 4-day periods at the following dose schedules: 2 × 50 mg plain capsules t.i.d. and 150 mg slow-release capsules b.i.d. The plasma levels profile of unchanged ketoprofen was assessed by GLC during the 4th day of treatment with each formulation. The absorption from slow-release capsules was slower and more sustained than from plain capsules but almost complete. The bioavailability properties of new slow-release capsules of ketoprofen appear suitable for clinical use with reduced frequency of daily dosing.
Results Obtained with Piracetam in Foetal Distress during Labour
Authors: Huaman E J , Hassoun R , Itahashi C M , Pereda G J , Mejia M A 
Published: January 2017

A double-blind study was performed on ninety-six parturients of the Lima Maternity Hospital, Peru, with some evidence of foetal distress who were given indistinguishably piracetam or a placebo at random in order to investigate the effects of the drug on the foetus. The conditions of the new-born babies who had received Piracetam were superior to those of the babies treated with the placebo, as evaluated with the Apgar at 1, 5 and 10 minutes after birth and on the basis of the neurological and clinical examination as from 24 hours until they were released. In addition, the reduction of the duration of the labour in the patients treated with Piracetam as compared with the control group was obvious.