bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract No.: ABS2768: Comparison of pre-emptive ketamine nebulisation with intravenous ketamine for post-operative analgesia in children undergoing tonsillectomy: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: K Priyanka Kamal 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
Nebulised ketamine is a painless route of drug administration in children.This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of ketamine nebulisation as opposed to intravenous ketamine as premedication in children

Methods:
64 children aged 5-10 years, undergoing tonsillectomy were randomly allocated into 2 groups.Both groups received glycopyrrolate 5mcg/kg. First group received ketamine nebulisation (1mg/kg) 20minutes prior to the surgery and other group received intravenous ketamine (1mg/kg) just before shifting to operating room. Children were anaesthetised by standard technique using fentanyl 1 µg/kg, propofol 2mg/kg, atracurium 0.5mg/kg and sevoflurane. Postoperatively, pain score using verbal rating scale(VRS) was assessed immediately after shifting to post anaesthesia care unit (PACU)and after one hour and the time of first rescue analgesic requirement was noted. Children were also assessed for parental separation scores and levels of sedation using 5-point sedation scale preoperatively.

Results:
There was no difference in VRS pain score immediately after shifting to PACU but there was significant difference in the VRS pain score at one hour postoperatively (p<0.05).The mean time for rescue analgesia was significantly prolonged in ketamine nebulisation group (300±26.40min) in contrast to intravenous ketamine group (237.19±34.38min) (p<0.05). Nebulised and intravenous ketamine produced similar levels of sedation (score-2) and acceptable parental separation scores (score1,2) (table 1).

Conclusion:
Ketamine nebulisation (1mg/kg) administered before tonsillectomy significantly prolonged postoperative analgesia as opposed to intravenous ketamine with similar parental separation scores and sedation scores. Hence nebulisation can be used as an alternative route for administering ketamine.
Abstract No. : ABS2974: Comparative study between pulsed radiofrequency ablation and continuous radiofrequency ablation of splanchnic plexus for pain relief in patients with upper abdominal cancers - Adouble blinded randomised controlled study
Authors: Kaur Harsimran 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
The study compares the efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency ablation(RFA) versus continuous RFA in relieving pain ,improving quality of life and reducing daily morphine dosage amongst patients suffering from upper abdominal cancers.

Methods:
Fifty six patients presenting to the out patient department with intractable pain (visual analogue scale (VAS) score≥4) due to upper abdominal cancers despite taking oral morphine were randomly divided into two groups of 28 patients each. Patients in group 1 were given splanchnic plexus block using pulsed RFA at 42 degrees for 7 min and group 2 were given continuous RFA at 80 degrees for 90 seconds using C-arm and fluoroscopy-guided technique. The patients were followed up at 15 days, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months for the assessment of pain severity(VAS), quality of life(Edmonton Scale) and daily oral morphine dose.

Results:
Mean reduction in VAS Score was more for group 2 than group 1, at all follow ups and the difference was statistically significant at 1, 3 and 6 months. Mean Edmonton score and mean daily morphine dosage were significantly reduced in both groups at 15 days but the difference between 2 groups was statistically insignificant, and at subsequent follow ups these variables increased in both groups but the increase in group 1 was more than group 2 (figure 1).

Conclusion:
Continuous RFA provides a better pain relief than pulsed RFA but there is no significant long term improvement in the quality of life and opioid consumption of patients with these interventions.
Abstract No. : ABS3263: Comparison of efficacy of ultrasound guided pectoral blocks plus serratus anterior plane block versus ultrasound guided erector spinae block with fentanyl group as control for analgesia in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass Grafting.
Authors: K Jose Abin 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
To compare the efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Pectoral block (PECS 1&2) plus Serratus Anterior Plane (SAP) block versusErector Spinae Plane (ESP) block for post-op analgesia in patients undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting(OPCAB). Postoperative analgesia in terms of Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores at rest (static) and during movement (dynamic) was taken as the primary outcome. Haemodynamic variations,opioid consumption at 48 hours postoperative, time to mobilisation, level of pain at rest and after mobilisation and complications were noted as secondary outcomes.

Methods:
81 American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade III and IV patients between 35 -70 years, undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were recruited.
Patients were randomly allocated into three groups, each with 27 subjects: (Group A: Pectoral +Serratus anterior plane block group; Group B: Erector spinae block group ;Group C: Control group with only intravenous opioids).10 ml of 0.25% Bupivacaine + 1% Lignocaine with adrenaline (1 in 2 Lac)+8 mg dexamethasone was givenultrasound guidedPECS 1 and 2 & SAP- 10 ml; on either side and 30ml on either side for Erector spinae block.

Results:
ESP block had comparable analgesic profile as PECS +SAPB at rest andduring movement in terms of NRS pain scores. Total perioperative opioid consumption was markedly decreased with the supplementation of newer blocktechniques, and better sedation profile wasobserved. The need for rescue analgesia was markedly reduced in block groups.Haemodynamic variationsduration of postoperative ventilation, ICU and hospital stay were comparable in all the three groups.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that regional blocks were superior to intravenous fentanyl for postoperative pain relief following cardiacsurgery. The use of narcotics leads to poor pain relief and greater sedation in the postoperative period.
Abstract No. : ABS3342: Comparison of erector spinae block versus epidural catheter infusion for analgesia in thoracic surgery
Authors: M RubiyaSayed 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
Theprimary objective was to compare the efficacy of analgesia provided by epidural catheter and erector spinae blockin the postoperative period based onnumerical rating scale. Rescue analgesia, time of mobilisation, any complications associated were assessed as secondary objectives.

Methods:
This Prospective randomised single-blinded comparative study included 76 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I, II and III. Haemodynamicdata including heart rate, blood pressre and oxygen saturation were recorded preoperatively, 5 minutes after induction, 5 minutes after nerveblock/epidural, at skin incision, 20 minutes after incision. Local anaesthetic infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine + 2 µg/mlfentanyl was given @ 6-8 ml/h at 1 h after block/epidural.Postoperative pain assessment was done for pain at rest anddynamic pain with Numerical rating scale (NRS) and sedation level based on the Ramsay sedation scale was noted. The need for rescueanalgesia and complications was documented.

JOURNAL/ijana/04.03/01762628-202203001-00009/inline-graphic1/v/2022-09-30T091728Z/r/image-tiff

Results:
NRS score at rest was statistically significant in the period between 12 to 24 h, while thedynamic score was found to be statistically significant from 4 to 24 h. The epidural group required more rescue analgesic and total amount of intraoperative fentanyl doses compared to the erector spinaegroup with a P-value of 0.02.

Conclusion:
Ultrasound-guided ESP block is comparable with thoracic epidural technique in patientsundergoing elective thoracotomy with regards to post operative analgesia, less opioid requirement, patient satisfaction, and fewer complications.

JOURNAL/ijana/04.03/01762628-202203001-00009/inline-graphic2/v/2022-09-30T091728Z/r/image-tiff
Abstract No.: ABS3618: Implication Of Pre Operative Frailty In Risk Assessment Of Post Operative DeliriumIn Elderly Indian Patients Undergoing Non-Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Rani Shweta 
Published: September 2024

JOURNAL/ijana/04.03/01762628-202203001-00020/inline-graphic1/v/2022-09-30T091728Z/r/image-tiff

JOURNAL/ijana/04.03/01762628-202203001-00020/inline-graphic2/v/2022-09-30T091728Z/r/image-tiff

Background & Aims:
Frailty is defined as result of a progressive decline in homeostatic capacity and is a vicious cycle. Delirium is defined as acute in onset, inattention, with cognition dysfunction and behaviour abnormalities

Methods:
Consenting patients above 65 years of age, undergoing non cardiac surgery were enrolled. Frailty was assessed preoperatively with Modified Fried Criteria (MFC) and patients were divided into Frail (MFC<3/7) and Non frail category (MFC>3/7). Postoperatively patients were assessed for delirium by Confusion assessment method , Montreal Cognitive Assessment and 12 item Mini-Mental State Examination on Day 1, Day 3, and telephonically by T-MOCA at 1 and 3 months postoperative

Results:
109 patients were enrolled. Post-operative delirium on Day 1 was seen in 9 (8.25%) patients and all patients belonged to frail category. Cognitive dysfunction assessed by MOCA and MMSE on Day1 was seen in 85.7%(81/98) and 63.3% (62/98) in frail elderly significantly higher than 45.5% (5/11), and 27.3% (3/11) in non-frail elderlies. significantly greater cognitive dysfunction was seen in frail patients at Day3, at one month and at three months (77.6% in frail versus 36.4% in non-frail) too.

Conclusion:
In our study we found that pre-operative Frail elderly patients had significantly increased post-operative cognitive dysfunction at day 1, 3 and 1st month and 3rd month after non-cardiac surgery. Incidence of postoperative delirium however was similar
INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS AND PATTERN OF SEVERE RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN A TERTIARY EYE CARE CENTER AT LUCKNOW, UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: Sahay Rajesh , Rastogi Ashutosh , Gupta Alka , Tandon Anu , Purwar Anupam 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
To describe the incidence, characteristics including risk factors and pattern of severe ROP(Retinopathy of Prematurity) from a tertiary eye care center at Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh

Methods:
In this 2 year hospital-based retrospective non-randomized observational study, baseline characteristics, systemic risk factors and findings of ROP screening were noted. Factors associated with severe ROP including aggressive posterior ROP (APROP), stage 4 and 5 ROP were analysed. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS.

Results:
Of 627 babies screened, 15% were diagnosed to have ROP. incidence of severe ROP was 6.37 % (40) noted, of which20 (50%) were classic and 18 (45%) were APROP.Two babies (5%) were diagnosed as advanced ROP (stage 4 & 5). Mean gestational age and birth weight for severe ROP was 29.5 weeks and 1398.5 grams respectively which was inversely associated with severity of ROP. A significant 75 % (30) of severe ROP was seen in very preterm babies (28-32 weeks). Oxygen exposure, primigravidae and poor pupillary dilation were associated significantly with severity of ROP. An important factor for stage 4 and 5 ROP was late presentation for screening.

Conclusion:
The study found a high incidence of severe ROP including APROP. Low gestational age, low birth weight and oxygen exposure were found significant risk factors.
Late presentation for screening is an important factor associated with ROP associated blindness. Early referral, early
screening and early intervention are the key to appropriate management of ROP.
MITOCHONDRIAL MYOPATHY PRESENTING AS BILATERAL PTOSIS IN A TEENAGER GIRL
Authors: Roy Pummy , Ravi Alka 
Published: September 2024

Mitochondrial myopathies are types of myopathies associated with mitochondrial disease. On biopsy, the muscle tissue of patients with these diseases usually demonstrate "ragged red" muscle fibres. These ragged-red fibres contain mild accumulations of glycogen and neutral lipids, and may show an increased reactivity for succinate dehydrogenase and a decreased reactivity for cytochrome c oxidase. Inheritance was believed to be maternal (non- Mendelian extranuclear). It is now known that certain nuclear DNA deletions can also cause mitochondrial myopathy such as the OPA1 gene deletion.
Signs and symptoms: Progressive ophthalmoparesis, Symptomatic overlap with other mitochondrial myopathies- MELAS, MERFS, CPEO.
Comparison of Porphyromonas Gingivalis Count and Salivary Immunoglobulin a Against Lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas Gingivalis in Periodontal Health and Disease
Authors: Baheti Abhinav Subhashchandra , Pudakalkatti Pushpa S , Bhat Kishore G 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) have been implicated to play a role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to compare P. gingivalis in subgingival plaque samples and salivary (immunoglobulin A [IgA]) antibodies against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of P. gingivalis in periodontal health and disease.

Materials and Methods:
Totally sixty subjects were included, thirty subjects in healthy group and thirty subjects in chronic periodontitis group. Subgingival plaque and unstimulated saliva samples were obtained from each study subject. P. gingivalis (colony-forming units [CFUs]) were detected using culture method, and salivary IgA levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Comparisons between the healthy and chronic periodontitis groups were done for P. gingivalis CFUs/ml (CFUs/milliliter) as well as for salivary IgA levels using Mann–Whitney U-test. Correlation between CFUs/ml of P. gingivalis and salivary IgA levels was also assessed in both the groups.

Results:
Although P. gingivalis CFUs/ml count was more in the chronic periodontitis group, difference was not statistically significant. Salivary IgA levels were significantly higher in the chronic periodontitis group compared to the healthy group. No correlation was observed between CFUs/ml of P. gingivalis and salivary IgA levels in the healthy group as well as the chronic periodontitis group.

Conclusions:
Increased levels of specific salivary antibodies (IgA) against LPS from P. gingivalis are associated with periodontal disease. Salivary IgA level against LPS from P. gingivalis can be a promising indicator in the serological diagnosis of periodontal disease.
Clinical characteristic, laboratory biomarkers, treatment regimen and psychiatry problems predictors of outcomes of alopecia areata: a prospective study
Authors: Shehata Rofaida Refaat , Ahmed Gellan K. , Shaltout Asmaa S. , Kamal Dalia Tarik , Badawy Eman R. , Gomaa Ahmed S. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Alopecia areata (AA) has multiple aetiology such as genetic and environmental triggers.

Aims
To assess the recovery rate of AA and examine the associated psychiatric problems. Additionally, the relationship between clinical, psychiatric, and laboratory biomarkers and alopecia outcomes were investigated, along with potential risk factors that could aid in treating alopecia.

Patients and methods
A prospective cohort research included 42 AA patients and 45 healthy controls. Group A (active disease), group B (inactive disease), and group C (healthy control) were based on illness outcomes after 3 months of treatment. The Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT), treatment regimens, laboratory investigation Interleukins 19 and 33 (IL-19 and IL-33), Symptom Checklist 90, and post-traumatic stress disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) were evaluated.

Results
After 3 months of therapy, the incidence of inactive AA was found to be 57.14%. Being females with family history of dermatitis were highly related with active illness, while smoking and unmarried patients were associated with inactive disease. After 3 months of treatment, active illness had the highest mean IL-33 and IL-19 levels.

Conclusion
The active disease group exhibited the highest mean IL-33 and IL-19 levels at baseline following three months of treatment. Our patients had 7.1% somatization, 7.1% obsessive-compulsive symptoms, 4.8% depression, 4.8% anxiety, 15.9% anger-hostility, 35.7% phobic-anxiety, 26.2% paranoid ideation, 4.8% psychoticism, and 61.9% post-traumatic stress disorder. AA outcomes were linked to females, a family history of dermatological disorders, smoking, being single, and higher mean IL-33 and IL-19 levels. Psychosis was highly linked with active AA. Only khellin and Ultraviolet A improved AA results.
Assessment of sexual function and quality of life in breast cancer patients before and after the occurrence of therapy-related skin changes
Authors: Khaled Hesham N. , Ibrahim Entsar E. , Abdel Aziz Reham A. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Patients with breast cancer (BC) who receive adjuvant chemotherapy or other treatment modalities may potentially benefit from an enhanced prognosis of survival. Physical or aesthetic complications may, nevertheless, result in significant distress as a consequence of adverse dermatologic responses. There has been a heightened focus on matters related to quality of life (QoL) as the number of BC survivors has risen. Sexual disorders are reported by as many as 75% of women who undergo treatment for BC. Despite this, the majority of oncologists lack the necessary training to identify patients who are particularly susceptible to developing sexual disorders. Patients diagnosed with BC frequently experience female sexual dysfunction.

Objective
To compare and evaluate the impact of skin changes induced by different treatment modalities in BC patients on their sexual function and QoL.

Patients and methods
This is a prospective cohort research on 58 cases diagnosed with BC, which was conducted in the outpatient clinic of the Clinical Oncology department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University from April 2022 to February 2023. The calculated sample size for the current study using Epi info 7 programs was 56 women. The power of the study is 80% with a confidence level of 95% as determined by the Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University. Both sexual function and QoL were assessed before and 3–6 months after the occurrence of skin changes related to different treatment modalities using validated questionnaires irrespective of their tumor stage.

Results
Of the 58 patients, there was statistically significant variance regarding dermatological life quality index (DLQI) (P<0.001), with 8.6% of patients experiencing a very large influence on their QoL, which increased to 19%. However, the number of patients having an extremely large influence on their quality of life changed from 0 to 5.2%. There was statistically significant variance (P<0.001) regarding female sexual function index values among the six domains of female sexual function index before and after the occurrence of skin changes. There is a negative correlation between DLQI score and desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction scores, while there is a positive correlation between DLQI score and pain score. QoL was negatively affected by the occurrence of such skin lesions.

Conclusion
There was a significant negative impact of skin changes induced by different treatment modalities in BC patients on their sexual function and QoL.
Efficacy of single-dose oral ivermectin in treatment of rosacea in relation to demodex mites
Authors: Sharara Manal A. , Abdel Hamid Kariman S. , Imam Adel A. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease. Demodex mites play an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of rosacea. Despite the various therapeutic options available, rosacea can be difficult to treat in some patients. Topical Ivermectin is approved for the treatment of rosacea. However, oral Ivermectin has not been extensively studied in the treatment of rosacea. This study aimed to (a) evaluate the efficacy, safety, adverse effects, and patient satisfaction of a single 250 µg/kg dose of oral ivermectin in the treatment of different subtypes of rosacea and (b) correlate its efficacy to different clinical variables. Also, it aimed to (c) clarify the possible role played by demodex mites in the pathogenesis of rosacea and the effect of oral Ivermectin on demodex mite count change after treatment, and its possible mechanisms in the treatment of rosacea.

Methods
This study included 45 rosacea patients; demodex mite count using standardized skin surface biopsies was done before and after receiving a single dose of 250 µg/kg oral Ivermectin. Disease severity was assessed at baseline and after treatment using the 5-point Global Investigator Assessment IGA scale. Patients were followed up every 4 weeks for 3 months.

Results
The results revealed significant Global Investigator Assessment improvement in included patients and high patient satisfaction rate. This was consistent with Demodex mites count that showed a significant decrease after treatment. A low relapse rate and few side effects were recorded.

Conclusion
A single 250 µg/kg dose of oral ivermectin is effective, safe, and tolerable in the treatment of different subtypes of rosacea. It exerts its action through both anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic roles.
Primary Urethral Carcinoma Manifested as a Perineal Abscess
Authors: Kyriazis Ioannis P. , Manolitsis Ioannis S. , Bellos Themistoklis Ch , Katsimperis Stamatios N. , Angelopoulos Panagiotis A. , Neofitou Panagiotis N. , Kapsalos-Dedes Sotirios G. , Deligiannis Panagiotis K. , Tzelves Lazaros I. , Kostakopoulos Nikolaos A. , Lazarou Lazaros C. , Markopoulos Titos P. , Berdempes Marinos V. , Kiriakidis Alexandros A. , Livadas Konstantinos E. , Mitsogiannis Iraklis C. , Varkarakis Ioannis M. , Papatsoris Athanasios G. , Skolarikos Andreas A. , Deliveliotis Charalampos N. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Primary urethral cancer is a rare but highly aggressive malignancy. Risk factors include chronic inflammation and irritation of the urethra. In early stages, this type of cancer presents with nonspecific symptoms, which can be misleading and associated with urethral strictures. We report a case of a 66-year-old male with a history of urethral stricture who presented with a perineal abscess of unknown origin. During the process of treatment, he was diagnosed with primary urethral carcinoma. Salvage therapy immediately followed, including surgery and radiation, but during the follow-up, the patient developed distant metastases and died 2 years after initial diagnosis.