bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New fungal primers reveal the diversity of Mucoromycotinian arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their response to nitrogen application
Authors: Seeliger Mirjam , Hilton Sally , Muscatt George , Walker Christopher , Bass David , Albornoz Felipe , Standish Rachel J. , Gray Neil D. , Mercy Louis , Rempelos Leonidas , Schneider Carolin , Ryan Megan H. , Bilsborrow Paul E. , Bending Gary D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are the most widespread terrestrial symbiosis and are both a key determinant of plant health and a major contributor to ecosystem processes through their role in biogeochemical cycling. Until recently, it was assumed that the fungi which form AM comprise the subphylum Glomeromycotina (G-AMF), and our understanding of the diversity and ecosystem roles of AM is based almost exclusively on this group. However recent evidence shows that fungi which form the distinctive 'fine root endophyte’ (FRE) AM morphotype are members of the subphylum Mucoromycotina (M-AMF), so that AM symbioses are actually formed by two distinct groups of fungi.

Results
We investigated the influence of nitrogen (N) addition and wheat variety on the assembly of AM communities under field conditions. Visual assessment of roots showed co-occurrence of G-AMF and M-AMF, providing an opportunity to compare the responses of these two groups. Existing ‘AM’ 18S rRNA primers which co-amplify G-AMF and M-AMF were modified to reduce bias against Mucoromycotina, and compared against a new ‘FRE’ primer set which selectively amplifies Mucoromycotina. Using the AM-primers, no significant effect of either N-addition or wheat variety on G-AMF or M-AMF diversity or community composition was detected. In contrast, using the FRE-primers, N-addition was shown to reduce M-AMF diversity and altered community composition. The ASV which responded to N-addition were closely related, demonstrating a clear phylogenetic signal which was identified only by the new FRE-primers. The most abundant Mucoromycotina sequences we detected belonged to the same Endogonales clades as dominant sequences associated with FRE morphology in Australia, indicating that closely related M-AMF may be globally distributed.

Conclusions
The results demonstrate the need to consider both G-AMF and M-AMF when investigating AM communities, and highlight the importance of primer choice when investigating AMF community dynamics.
Feasibility of ultrasound-guided axillary vein access for implantation of cardiac implantable electronic device leads
Authors: Oh Seongtaek , Hwang Jongmin , Park Hyoung-Seob , Chung Tae-Wan , Jung Minsu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The axillary vein is preferred over the subclavian vein, and the cephalic vein for cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) lead insertion. However, studies on ultrasound-guided axillary vein access (US-AVA) in Asia are scarce. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of US-AVA for CIED lead implantation in Korean patients.

Methods
From September 2021 to September 2023, we employed US-AVA for CIED lead implantation procedures. Patients’ demographic and procedural data were collected and analyzed retrospectively.

Results
US-AVA was successful in 301 patients (97.7%). There were no occurrences of pneumothorax or severe hematoma due to inadvertent arterial puncture, nor were there any other significant vascular access-related acute complications. During the median 1.7 years of follow-up, no CIED infection or lead-related problems have occurred. Compared to a historical cohort of patients who underwent fluoroscopy-guided axillary vein access (FL-AVA), US-AVA significantly reduced procedure and fluoroscopy time and showed a trend toward reduced radiation doses.

Conclusion
US-AVA is a safe and effective technique for CIED lead implantation in Korean patients, with advantages over FL-AVA in terms of procedural efficiency and patient safety.
Pharmacomechanical thrombectomy in management of pulmonary embolism
Authors: Harraz Mohamed M. , Abouissa Ahmed H. , El Eshmawy Ahmed Adel , El Refaey Wael , Tawfik Ahmed Ibrahim 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute pulmonary embolism is recorded as one of the most common and critical medical conditions, resulting in a notable mortality rate requiring a multidisciplinary management. In this series, we address the management of massive and sub-massive pulmonary embolism utilizing catheter-based intervention, in particular the conjunction of mechanical thrombus disruption and aspiration with pharmacological thrombolysis (pharmacomechanical thrombectomy).

Results
37 patients were diagnosed with massive and sub-massive pulmonary embolism based on the clinical and radiological findings. Pre-procedural vital parameters were obtained, including oxygen saturation, pulse rate, and blood pressure. Under continuous monitoring and conscious sedation, a pulmonary angiography via right common femoral vein access was performed for pre-procedural assessment. Pharmacomechanical thrombectomy was performed using the AngioJet Ultra System (Boston Scientific). Using the power pulse option, a fibrinolytic agent was infused into the thrombus. After 5–10 min, mechanical thrombectomy is performed with a maximum 3 passes through the thrombus. This technique is performed in the main pulmonary artery and lower branch. The procedure is repeated on the other side. The maximum duration of thrombectomy is 2–3 min on each side. Procedure success was based on improvement of vital signs and not related to post-procedure angiographic findings. All patients showed immediate improvement of vital signs (blood pressure, 02 saturation, and pulse rate) with progressive improvement over the following days. There were no procedure-related complications.

Conclusion
Pharmacomechanical thrombectomy is a safe and effective technique in the treatment of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism. It can be a first-line treatment even in patients without absolute contraindication to systemic thrombolysis.
Components of slow disease development: a key to enhance resistance in crops
Authors: Shikha Kumari , Chand R. , Mishra N. K. , Singh S. , Sayiprathap B. R. , Nair R. M. , Singh A. K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Plant resistance is a result of interaction between host, pathogen, environment and temporal factors. Major or “R” gene resistance may break down following the emergence of virulent isolates of a pathogen. Limited durability of R genes has opened the door for the utilization of slow disease resistance in crop breeding. Plant pathogens with high reproduction ability exhibit greater genetic diversity leading to loss of major gene-based resistance. Consequently, minor genes-based resistance can be effectively employed against all the available virulent isolates within a pathogen population, including non-elicitor producing pathogens. Several researchers have identified valuable genetic sources by screening germplasm collections and characterizing genes conferring slow disease development. The identification and possible cloning or tagging of such genes obtained from crop wild relatives will create better opportunities for their use in crop improvement. Nevertheless, very little information is available about the nature of individual genes responsible for slow disease development. A thorough understanding of the nature of inheritance of slow disease resistance, interactions, and the possible breeding strategies to enhance resistance governed by slow disease components will help in breeding or developing resistant cultivars with enhanced yield. This review discusses the components of SDD in terms of identification, characterization, factors influencing it, and breeding strategies to enhance resistance governed by SDD components. Furthermore it emphasizes the importance of targeted breeding strategies to exploit the potential of SSD in developing cultivars with enhanced resistance and maintaining a good yield.
Characterization of salt brine sulfated polysaccharides: immunomodulatory activity based on gut microbiota
Authors: Jia Xing , Ma Lin , Xiao Meng , Atehli Dima , Zhang Yiheng , Liu Yongshuai , Wang Wan , Wang Changlu , Guo Qingbin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA sulfated polysaccharide consisting of two components with molecular weights of 439 kDa and 16 kDa was extracted from the salt brine. The structural properties, immunomodulatory activity, in vitro fermentation behaviors, and effects of SP on regulating the gut microbiota were investigated. The chemical composition and monosaccharide composition analysis showed that the neutral sugar, protein, uronic acid, and sulfated group contents of SP were 60.42 ± 0.04%, 2.90 ± 0.01%, 13.34 ± 0.01% and 10.51 ± 0.01%, respectively, containing arabinose, galactose, glucose, rhamnose, xylose, mannose, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 33.24:19.18:16.64:13.25:8.31:4.11:5.27. Results from the macrophage cell model showed that SP intervention improved the proliferation activity, phagocytosis of neutral red, and production of IL-6 and TNF-α in RAW 264.7. Furthermore, in vitro fermentation of SP by gut microbiota showed that SCFA production in all treatment groups was significantly higher than that of the blank control group after 48 h of fermentation, especially butyric acid which was 1.70 folds that of the control group. Moreover, long-term fermentation (48 h) of SP improved the diversity of microbiota, decreased the F/B ratio (30.75 at 0 h vs. 1.22 at 48 h), and promoted the growth of probiotics (Parabacteroides, Bacteroidetes, Ruminococcaceae, and Phascolarctobacterium). The positive regulatory effect of SP on the gut microbiota and its metabolites is considered a potential target for its immunomodulatory activity.
Graphical abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy response and remission in moderate to severe depressive illness: a decade of national Scottish data
Authors: Semple David M. , Suveges Szabolcs , Steele J. Douglas 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundDespite strong evidence of efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the treatment of depression, no sensitive and specific predictors of ECT response have been identified. Previous meta-analyses have suggested some pre-treatment associations with response at a population level.AimsUsing 10 years (2009–2018) of routinely collected Scottish data of people with moderate to severe depression (n = 2074) receiving ECT we tested two hypotheses: (a) that there were significant group-level associations between post-ECT clinical outcomes and pre-ECT clinical variables and (b) that it was possible to develop a method for predicting illness remission for individual patients using machine learning.MethodData were analysed on a group level using descriptive statistics and association analyses as well as using individual patient prediction with machine learning methodologies, including cross-validation.ResultsECT is highly effective for moderate to severe depression, with a response rate of 73% and remission rate of 51%. ECT response is associated with older age, psychotic symptoms, necessity for urgent intervention, severe distress, psychomotor retardation, previous good response, lack of medication resistance, and consent status. Remission has the same associations except for necessity for urgent intervention and, in addition, history of recurrent depression and low suicide risk. It is possible to predict remission with ECT with an accuracy of 61%.ConclusionsPre-ECT clinical variables are associated with both response and remission and can help predict individual response to ECT. This predictive tool could inform shared decision-making, prevent the unnecessary use of ECT when it is unlikely to be beneficial and ensure prompt use of ECT when it is likely to be effective.
Expanding the Spectrum of Endocrine Abnormalities Associated With SOX11-related Disorders
Authors: Sun Bang , Stamou Maria I , Stockman Sara L , Campbell Mark B , Plummer Lacey , Salnikov Kathryn B , Kotan Leman Damla , Topaloglu A Kemal , Hisama Fuki M , Davis Erica E , Seminara Stephanie B , Balasubramanian Ravikumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
SOX11 variants cause Coffin-Siris syndrome, characterized by developmental delay, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and skeletal and facial defects.

Objective
To examine the contribution of SOX11 variants to the pathogenesis of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH), a disorder caused by hypothalamic GnRH deficiency.

Setting
The Reproductive Endocrine Unit and the Pediatric Endocrinology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital.

Patients or other participants
A cohort of 1810 unrelated IHH probands.

Interventions
Exome sequencing data from the entire cohort were examined for SOX11 rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) (minor allele frequency in the gnomAD database &lt;0.1%). Rare SOX11 variant association testing was performed between the IHH and gnomAD population. Phenotyping of individuals harboring pathogenic/likely pathogenic SNVs (determined by the American College of Medical Genetics criteria) was performed.

Main Outcomes/Results
Four pathogenic SOX11 SNVs were identified in 5 IHH probands. The IHH cohort was enriched for SOX11 protein truncating SNVs (frameshift/nonsense) across the entire protein (2 SNVs in 3 IHH cases [p.S303X (de novo); p.S345Afs*13]; P = .0004981) and for SOX11 missense SNVs within the SOX11 high-mobility group domain (2 SNVs in 2 IHH cases p.G84D [de novo]; p.P114S; P = .00313922). The phenotypic spectrum of SOX11 variant carriers revealed additional endocrine defects including anosmic and normosmic forms of IHH, GH deficiency, pituitary and hypothalamic structural defects, and hypothyroidism. A pathogenic SOX11 SNV was also identified in a patient with functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (p.R100Q). Coffin-Siris syndrome-associated features were present in 4/5 probands.

Conclusion
Deleterious SOX11 variants cause IHH and other pituitary hormone deficiencies, suggesting that the human SOX11-associated disorder may stem from both hypothalamic and pituitary level defects.
OpenAI's Pharmacy? On the Phaedrus Analogy for Large Language Models
Authors: Kitzinger Chloë 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Plato's dialogue Phaedrus is often used as a cautionary tale about the futility of distrusting new communicative technologies. But in the context of LLMs (large language models), the Phaedrus analogy is substantially misplaced. LLMs exclude the free play of language, producing texts not only without writers, but also without writing (in Jacques Derrida's sense). The Phaedrus analogy thus risks justifying the swift adoption of a commercial tool that is poorly understood, demonstrably flawed, and reliant on laborious human interventions.
Beyond Insiders and Outsiders: Transdisciplinary Critical AI
Authors: Ward Megan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Part book review, part thinkpiece, this essay explores the possibilities and limitations for critical AI raised by the edited collection The Cultural Life of Machine Learning: An Incursion into Critical AI Studies (2021). It identifies three practices for scholars in the humanities and social sciences seeking to broaden their research expertise: go beyond identifying the problem; expand cultures of innovation; and understand technological systems as social actors in a transdisciplinary endeavor.
Data transformation and model selection in bivariate allometry
Authors: Packard Gary C. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Students of biological allometry have used the logarithmic transformation for over a century to linearize bivariate distributions that are curvilinear on the arithmetic scale. When the distribution is linear, the equation for a straight line fitted to the distribution can be back-transformed to form a two-parameter power function for describing the original observations. However, many of the data in contemporary studies of allometry fail to meet the requirement for log-linearity, thereby precluding the use of the aforementioned protocol. Even when data are linear in logarithmic form, the two-parameter power equation estimated by back-transformation may yield a misleading or erroneous perception of pattern in the original distribution. A better approach to bivariate allometry would be to forego transformation altogether and to fit multiple models to untransformed observations by nonlinear regression, thereby creating a pool of candidate models with different functional form and different assumptions regarding random error. The best model in the pool of candidate models could then be identified by a selection procedure based on maximum likelihood. Two examples are presented to illustrate the power and versatility of newer methods for studying allometric variation. It always is better to examine the original data when it is possible to do so.
La beauté du Christ dans sa condition humiliée selon saint Thomas d’Aquin
Authors: Perrin David 
Published: September 2024

Nous examinerons, dans cet article, la manière dont saint Thomas concilie deux versets de l’Écriture au sujet du Christ qui semblent, au premier abord, se contredire. Le premier affirme mystiquement qu’« il est le plus beau des enfants des hommes » (Ps 44, 3), le second « qu’il n’avait ni beauté ni éclat » (Is 53, 2). La confrontation de ces commentaires fera apparaître une lecture kénotique originale, à la fois proche et différente de celles qui ont été développées au xxe siècle.
Festiwal Muzyki Ludowej „Mikołajki Folkowe” a zagrożenia wobec dziedzictwa niematerialnego w myśl Konwencji UNESCO z 2003 r.
Authors: Kościuk-Jarosz Agnieszka 
Published: September 2024

Celem artykułu jest próba oceny Festiwalu Muzyki Ludowej „Mikołajki Folkowe” w Lublinie w kontekście zagrożeń dla niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego. W pierwszej części została ogólnie scharakteryzowana muzyka folk jako twórczość inspirowana folklorem muzycznym, a także przedstawiony tytułowy festiwal. Część główna pracy jest poświęcona rozważaniom, czy festiwal „Mikołajki Folkowe” generuje zagrożenia wobec niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego, a z drugiej strony – czy jest w stanie im przeciwdziałać i w jaki sposób. W części podsumowującej autorka wskazuje, że omawiane cykliczne wydarzenie muzyczne wpisuje się w strategię ochrony niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego w myśl zapisów przyjętej przez Polskę Konwencji UNESCO z 2003 r.
Decomposition and graphical correspondence analysis of checkerboard copulas
Authors: Grothe Oliver , Rieger Jonas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We analyze optimal low-rank approximations and correspondence analysis of the dependence structure given by arbitrary bivariate checkerboard copulas. Methodologically, we make use of the truncation of singular value decompositions of doubly stochastic matrices representing the copulas. The resulting (truncated) representations of the dependence structures are sparse, in particular, compared to the number of squares on the checkerboard. The additive structure of the decomposition carries through to statistical functionals of the copula, such as Kendall’s

τ

\tau

or Spearman’s

ρ

\rho

, and also motivates similarity measures for checkerboard copulas. We link our analysis to continuous decompositions of copula densities and copula-generating algorithms and discuss further general properties of the decomposition and its truncation. For example, truncated series might lack nonnegativity, and approximation errors increase for monotonicity-like copulas. We provide algorithms and extensions that account for and counteract these properties. The low-rank representation is illustrated for various copula examples, and some analytical results are derived. The resulting correspondence analysis profile plots are analyzed, providing graphical insights into the dependence structure implied by the copula. An illustration is provided with an empirical data set on fuel injector spray characteristics in jet engines.
Comparison of micro- and macro- structural narrative features between Turkish-Kurdish bilinguals and Turkish monolinguals
Authors: Savaş Merve , Kahraman Beğen Senanur , Çelik Başoğlu İlayda , Aktan Berfin , Öge-Daşdöğen Özlem 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Bilingualism may lead to differences in narrative micro- and macrostructural features. Creating a normative data set on the narrative characteristics of healthy Turkish-Kurdish bilinguals may allow for a more effective assessment of language disorders that may occur in bilinguals with acquired brain injury. This study aims to determine how narrative micro- and macrostructural features differ in Turkish-Kurdish bilinguals in single picture and story narratives. A total of 23 bilingual (Turkish-Kurdish) and 23 monolingual (Turkish) healthy individuals were included in the study. Narrative samples were obtained using single pictures and a story. Micro- and macrostructural features were compared between bilinguals and monolinguals matched for age, education, and gender. Mean length utterance-morpheme and clausal density variables, considered as indicators of grammatical complexity, were higher in monolinguals in both single picture and story narratives. Morphemic errors were higher for bilinguals. Effort behaviors, which can interrupt verbal efficiency, were higher in bilinguals in single picture narratives. While there was no difference between the groups in verbal fluency (phonemic and categorical), the lexical diversty in storytelling was higher in monolinguals. In terms of macrostructural features, cognitive inferences in the story context and emotional discourse in the single picture context were higher in monolinguals, while enrichment expressions in the single picture narrative were higher in bilinguals. In both groups, macrostructural features such as cognitive inferences and expressions of uncertainty in discourse were negatively correlated with grammatical complexity variables. Turkish-Kurdish bilinguals’ single picture and story narratives in Turkish may show semantic, morphosyntactic and pragmatic differences compared to Turkish-speaking monolinguals.
Barriers to and facilitators of accelerated BSN students’ success: a scoping review with possible strategies for success
Authors: Davis Suja P. , Crawford Catherine , Fleming Louise 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This scoping review aims to map the evidence on barriers and facilitators of success with accelerated BSN (ABSN) students with the inclusion of faculty perspectives.

Methods
We followed the scoping review methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute for this review. The databases of CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched.

Results
The search resulted in 39 studies. The identified barriers were: Academic factors, non-academic factors, challenges faced by non-native English-speaking and ethnically diverse students, socialization struggles, and faculty perceptions. The facilitators identified were: Supportive environment and practices, benefits of ABSN program completion, students’ background and life experiences, innovative learning strategies and school resources, and faculty perceptions.

Implications for international audience
Given the global nature of the ABSN program now, findings from this scoping review and the strategies for success addressed in discussion will inform ABSN faculty and program managers about helpful strategies to support students’ needs.