bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature‐Driven Restructuring of Silver on AuAg Porous Nanotubes: Impact on CO Oxidation
Authors: Costa Jean C. S. , Gonçalves Renato V. , Teixeira‐Neto Érico , Rossi Liane M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGold porous nanotubes (PNTs) prepared by the galvanic replacement reaction between HAuCl4 and a sacrificial metal nanowire have received attention as a platform for developing self‐sustained catalysts. However, due to an alloying process, the PNT contains a complex mixture of the two metals. Their thermal behavior, e. g., atom restructuring and morphological changes, under reaction conditions has been scarcely studied and difficult to predict. Here, we demonstrate that restructuring of silver atoms occurs after the thermal treatment of AuAg PNTs obtained through galvanic replacement reaction. Using various characterization techniques such as X‐ray diffraction, analytical electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we were able to elucidate the structure and surface composition of this novel nanoarchitecture, which approaches an Ag nanoparticle‐decorated AuAg PNT like structure. The surface changes were studied through the catalytic oxidation of CO, a model reaction for surface science investigations.
A New Strategy towards Efficient and Recyclable Carbon‐Chloride Bond Cleavage of Environmentally Harmful Organochlorides through Electrochemical Catalysis in Non–aqueous Media
Authors: Zhu Weihua , Huang Tingting , Li Minzhi , Zheng Limin , Bao Songsong , Kobayashi Nagao , Liang Xu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTransition metal coordinated porphyins generally exhibit effective carbon‐chloride bond cleavage of environmentally harmful organochlorides through electrochemical reductive catalysis in non‐aquaous media, but the recyclable use of the catalyst remains a challenge. In this manuscirpt, a new strategy of an efficient and recyclable C−Cl bond cleavage is described, and the structural characterization, electrochemical behaviour and electrochemical catalysis were illustrated by various techniques. It is demonstrated that the Fe3O4@SiO2@Co(II)porphyrin magnetic materials can be effectively used for at least 30 cycles.
Structural Isomers of Cyclodextrin‐Bearing IOX1 Compound as Inhibitors of Aβ Aggregation
Authors: Oliveri Valentina , Bellia Francesco , Vecchio Graziella 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAlzheimer′s disease represents a daunting challenge for healthcare because it affects millions of people worldwide. The abnormal assembly of amyloid‐beta peptides into amyloid aggregates is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Properly functionalized cyclodextrins modulate amyloidogenesis. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a 6‐monofunctionalized cyclodextrin‐bearing a quinoline derivative (IOX1). Moreover, we tested the ability of the new compound and its 3‐monofunctionalized isomer to inhibit self‐induced Aβ aggregation in order to understand if the two isomers differently modulate aggregation process. The results further establish the potential of cyclodextrin conjugates as modulators of Aβ aggregation.
Antibacterial Membranes for Water Remediation with Controlled Leaching of Biocidal Silver Aided by Prior Grafting of Poly(ethylene imine) on to Ozone‐Treated Polyethylene
Authors: Mural Prasanna Kumar S. , Jain Shubham , Madras Giridhar , Bose Suryasarathi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe describe a novel strategy to control the release of silver from polyethylene‐based water purification membranes by suitably modifying the membrane surface by a biocidal macromolecule (poly(ethylene imine), PEI) before depositing silver on the surface. The PE membranes were first treated with ozone and then PEI was covalently grafted. The distribution of silver was mapped by EDAX, and the antibacterial activity assessed by standard plate count method and by estimating the reactive oxygen species. The new membrane allows controlled release of silver ions which otherwise would contaminate the water source if used in excess. Leaching in the final permeate is lower than 0.03 ppm opening the route to antibacterial polyolefin‐based membranes for water decontamination.
Tuning the Synthetic Parameters to Obtain Smart C‐N Co‐Doped Titania Photocatalysts for NOx Abatement
Authors: Olivo A. , Ghedini E. , Pinna F. , Marchese D. , Signoretto M. , Cruciani G. , Manzoli M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGlobal society is constantly seeking for sustainable and effective processes to fight environmental pollution. The abatement of NOx, a class of hazardous contaminants, can be performed by means of photocatalytic oxidation using titania‐based photocatalysts. Non‐metal doping is highly desirable for an efficient exploitation of solar light. The co‐presence of nitrogen and carbon represents an appealing possibility though their introduction generally requires post‐synthesis treatments. Otherwise, in this work carbon and nitrogen have been introduced in titania photocatalysts simultaneously by a one‐pot synthetic approach using a natural and sustainable source of dopants, namely chitosan. Several synthetic parameters have been changed in order to evaluate their effect on the physicochemical properties of the final materials and to establish structure‐activity relationship as for the photocatalytic performances in NOx oxidation under visible light irradiation.
Supramolecular Ensemble of Aggregates of Pentacenequinone Derivative and Cadmium NPs: A Potential Catalytic/Photocatalytic System for Direct C‐H Activation of Quinones and Azoles
Authors: Sharma Kamaldeep , Kumar Manoj , Bhalla Vandana 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe present study demonstrates the utilization of in situ generated supramolecular ensemble of aggregates of pentacenequinone derivative 3 and cadmium nanoparticles (CdNPs) as an efficient catalytic system for (1) oxidant free, controlled and selective monofunctionalization and hetero/homo difunctionalization of 1,4‐benzoquinone by C−H activation at room temperature (2) photocatalytic C−H functionalization of azoles with bromoarenes and (3) C−H functionalization of benzothiazole with simple arenes in ecofriendly conditions under visible light irradiations. Thus, a range of C2‐arylated quinone and azole derivatives are synthesized from simple substrates using this newly developed catalytic/photocatalytic system under economic and ecofriendly conditions.
Synthesis of N‐Methylated Pseudodesmin A Analogues: on the Structural Importance of N‐H Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: De Vleeschouwer Matthias , Sinnaeve Davy , Matthijs Nele , Coenye Tom , Madder Annemieke , Martins José C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe structural importance of backbone amide protons in the bacterial cyclic lipopeptide pseudodesmin A, a viscosin group member, is studied by selective introduction of N‐methylated amino acids. Site‐selective N‐methylation was conveniently achieved by introduction of N−Me‐L–Leu at positions 1 and 7 during solid phase peptide synthesis. The impact of this modification on conformation, antibiotic activity and supramolecular behaviour allowed to establish the significance of intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
Polymeric Templating Synthesis of Anatase TiO2 Nanoparticles from Low‐Cost Inorganic Titanium Sources
Authors: Ojeda Manuel , Kumar D. Kishore , Chen Binbin , Xuan Jin , Maroto‐Valer M. Mercedes , Leung Dennis Y. C. , Wang Huizhi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA novel facile and cost‐effective synthesis method for anatase TiO2 nanoparticles has been developed by using poly‐acrylic acid hydrogel as template at room temperature. The newly developed synthesis method avoids the use of hazardous reagents and/or hydrothermal steps, and enables production of highly active TiO2 nanoparticles from low cost inorganic titanium sources. The synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles have been studied in several applications including dye‐sensitized solar cells as a photoanode as well as in organics degradation of methyl orange in aqueous media. Good photocatalytic performances were obtained in both applications.
Internet gaming disorder in early adolescence: Associations with parental and adolescent mental health
Authors: Wartberg L. , Kriston L. , Kramer M. , Schwedler A. , Lincoln T.M. , Kammerl R. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground:Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has been included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Currently, associations between IGD in early adolescence and mental health are largely unexplained. In the present study, the relation of IGD with adolescent and parental mental health was investigated for the first time.Methods:We surveyed 1095 family dyads (an adolescent aged 12–14 years and a related parent) with a standardized questionnaire for IGD as well as for adolescent and parental mental health. We conducted linear (dimensional approach) and logistic (categorical approach) regression analyses.Results:Both with dimensional and categorical approaches, we observed statistically significant associations between IGD and male gender, a higher degree of adolescent antisocial behavior, anger control problems, emotional distress, self-esteem problems, hyperactivity/inattention and parental anxiety (linear regression model: corrected R2 = 0.41, logistic regression model: Nagelkerke's R2 = 0.41).Conclusions:IGD appears to be associated with internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescents. Moreover, the findings of the present study provide first evidence that not only adolescent but also parental mental health is relevant to IGD in early adolescence. Adolescent and parental mental health should be considered in prevention and intervention programs for IGD in adolescence.
Trends in Hospitalizations Related to Invasive Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis in the United States, 2000–2013
Authors: Vallabhaneni Snigdha , Benedict Kaitlin , Derado Gordana , Mody Rajal K. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Background
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) and mucormycosis contribute to substantial mortality, especially among immunocompromised persons, including those with hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), hematologic malignancy (HM), and solid organ transplant (SOT).

Methods
Using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes available in the National Inpatient Sample, a hospital discharge database, we estimated IA-related hospitalizations (IA-RH), mucormycosis-RH (M-RH), HSCT-RH, HM-RH, and SOT-RH during 2000–2013. United States census data were used to calculate overall M-RH and IA-RH rates and present trends; estimated annual numbers of HSCT-RH, HM-RH, and SOT-RH served as denominators to calculate M-RH and IA-RH rates occurring with these conditions. Weighted least-squares technique was used to test for linear trends and calculate average annual percentage change (APC).

Results
There were an estimated 169 110 IA-RH and 9966 M-RH during 2000–2013. Overall, IA-RH and M-RH rates per million persons rose from 32.8 to 46.0 (APC = +2.9; P &lt; .001) and 1.7 to 3.4 (APC = +5.2%; P &lt; .001), respectively, from 2000 to 2013. Among HSCT-RH, there was no significant change in M-RH rate, but a significant decline occurred in IA-RH rate (APC = −4.6%; P = .004). Among HM-RH, the rate of M-RH increased (APC = +7.0%; P &lt; .001), but the IA-RH rate did not change significantly (APC = +1.2%; P = .073). Among SOT-RH, M-RH (APC = +6.3%; P = .038) and IA-RH rates (APC = +4.1%; P &lt; .001) both increased.

Conclusions
Overall IA-RH and M-RH rates increased during 2000–2013, with a doubling of M-RH. Mucormycosis-related hospitalization occurring in conjunction with certain comorbidities increased, whereas IA-RH rates among patients with the comorbidities, decreased, remained stable, or increased to a lesser extent than M-RH.
Power Profiles and In Vitro Optical Quality of Scleral Contact Lenses: Effect of the Aperture and Power
Authors: Domínguez-Vicent Alberto , Esteve-Taboada Jose Juan , Recchioni Alberto , Brautaset Rune 
Published: January 2017

Objective:
To assess the power profile and in vitro optical quality of scleral contact lenses with different powers as a function of the optical aperture.

Methods:
The mini and semiscleral contact lenses (Procornea) were measured for five powers per design. The NIMO TR-1504 (Lambda-X) was used to assess the power profile and Zernike coefficients of each contact lens. Ten measurements per lens were taken at 3- and 6-mm apertures. Furthermore, the optical quality of each lens was described in Zernike coefficients, modulation transfer function, and point spread function (PSF). A convolution of each lens PSF with an eye-chart image was also computed.

Results:
The optical power fluctuated less than 0.5 diopters (D) along the optical zone of each lens. However, the optical power obtained for some lenses did not match with its corresponding nominal one, the maximum difference being 0.5 D. In optical quality, small differences were obtained among all lenses within the same design. Although significant differences were obtained among lenses (P<0.05), these showed small impact in the image quality of each convolution.

Conclusions:
Insignificant power fluctuations were obtained along the optical zone measured for each scleral lens. Additionally, the optical quality of both lenses has showed to be independent of the lens power within the same aperture.
An Investigation of Treatment Engagement Among Returning Veterans With Problematic Anger
Authors: Dillon Kirsten H. , Crawford Eric F. , Kudler Harold , Straits-Troster Kristy A. , Elbogen Eric B. , Calhoun Patrick S. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Anger is a commonly reported problem among returning veterans, yet little attention has been devoted to studying treatment engagement among veterans who report anger problems but do not have posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study compares Iraq-Afghanistan veterans with anger/no PTSD (n = 159) to others reporting significant PTSD symptoms (n = 285) and those reporting neither anger nor PTSD (n = 716) on rates of treatment utilization, perceived barriers to treatment, and preferences for care. Relative to the PTSD group, the anger/no-PTSD group was significantly less likely to have received mental health treatment in the last year, despite endorsing barriers to treatment at a lower rate. Furthermore, the anger/no-PTSD group endorsed fewer preferences than the PTSD group. Results suggest that the anger/no-PTSD group is a unique subgroup that may be less likely to identify a need for treatment. Implications are discussed.
Is Enhanced Recovery the New Standard of Care in Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction?
Authors: Afonso Anoushka , Oskar Sabine , Tan Kay See , Disa Joseph J. , Mehrara Babak J. , Ceyhan Jihan , Dayan Joseph H. 
Published: January 2017

Background:
At present, there are limited data available regarding the use and feasibility of enhanced recovery pathways for patients undergoing microsurgical breast reconstruction. The authors sought to assess patient outcomes before and after the introduction of an enhanced recovery pathway that was adopted at a single cancer center.

Methods:
A multidisciplinary enhanced recovery pathway was developed for patients undergoing deep inferior epigastric perforator or free transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap breast reconstruction. Core elements of the enhanced recovery pathway included substituting intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with ketorolac and transversus abdominis plane blocks using liposomal bupivacaine, as well as intraoperative goal-directed fluid management. Patients who underwent surgery between April and August of 2015 using the enhanced recovery pathway were compared with a historical control cohort. The primary endpoints were hospital length of stay and total postoperative opioid consumption.

Results:
In total, 91 consecutive patients were analyzed (enhanced recovery pathway, n = 42; pre–enhanced recovery pathway, n = 49). Mean hospital length of stay was significantly shorter in the enhanced recovery pathway group than in the pre–enhanced recovery pathway group (4.0 days versus 5.0 days; p < 0.0001). Total postoperative morphine equivalent consumption was also lower in the enhanced recovery pathway group (46.0 mg versus 70.5 mg; p = 0.003). There was no difference in the incidence of 30-day complications between the groups (p = 0.6).

Conclusion:
The adoption of an enhanced recovery pathway for deep inferior epigastric perforator and transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction by multiple surgeons significantly decreased opioid consumption and reduced length of stay by 1 day.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Quantifying Long-Term Retention of Excised Fat Grafts: A Longitudinal, Retrospective Cohort Study of 108 Patients Followed for Up to 8.4 Years
Authors: Herly Mikkel , Ørholt Mathias , Glovinski Peter V. , Pipper Christian B. , Broholm Helle , Poulsgaard Lars , Fugleholm Kåre , Thomsen Carsten , Drzewiecki Krzysztof T. 
Published: January 2017

Background:
Predicting the degree of fat graft retention is essential when planning reconstruction or augmentation with free fat grafting. Most surgeons observe volume loss over time after fat grafting; however, the portion lost to resorption after surgery is still poorly defined, and the time to reach steady state is unknown.

Methods:
The authors compiled a retrospective, longitudinal cohort of patients with vestibular schwannoma who had undergone ablative surgery and reconstruction with excised fat between the years 2006 and 2015. Fat volume retention was quantified by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging and used to model a graft retention trajectory and determine the volumetric steady state. In addition, the authors evaluated the association between graft retention and secondary characteristics, such as sex and transplant volume.

Results:
A total of 108 patients were included. The average baseline graft volume was 18.1 ± 4.8 ml. The average time to reach steady state was 806 days after transplantation. By this time, the average fat graft retention was 50.6 percent (95 percent CI, 46.4 to 54.7 percent). No statistically significant association was found between baseline graft volume and retention. Fat graft retention over time was significantly higher in men than in women (57.7 percent versus 44.5 percent; p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The authors’ data provide evidence that the time to reach fat graft volumetric steady state is considerably longer than previously expected. Fat grafts continue to shrink long after the initial hypoxia-induced tissue necrosis has been cleared, thus indicating that factors other than blood supply may be more influential for fat graft retention.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Construction of Expanded Prefabricated Adipose Tissue Using an External Volume Expansion Device
Authors: Yuan Yi , Yang Shuifa , Yi Yangyan , Gao Jianhua , Lu Feng 
Published: January 2017

Background:
Multiple studies have demonstrated that mechanical forces promote the growth of adipose tissue. However, the mechanism of adipose tissue regeneration induced by mechanical forces remains unclear.

Methods:
In an experiment using rats, prefabricated adipose tissue with a vessel pedicle was expanded using an external volume expansion device. The volume of fat flaps was tested at different time points. Cell proliferation and angiogenesis were analyzed using immunofluorescence. The expression of adipogenic genes and inflammatory cytokines was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.

Results:
There were more CD31+ cells and Ki67/CD34+ cells in the experimental group than in the control group. The number of Ki67/CD34+ cells peaked at 1 to 4 weeks. However, the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-β were highest from 4 to 12 weeks in the experimental group. Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed more proinflammatory cytokines: interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and macrophage migration inhibitory factor.

Conclusions:
The construction of expanded prefabricated adipose tissue by mechanical forces is a dynamic and complex process. Mechanical forces promoted cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the early stage of adipose tissue regeneration (before 4 weeks) and induced adipogenic differentiation at a later stage (after 4 weeks) through up-regulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, which provided an adipogenic inductive microenvironment.
Material-Dependent Implant Artifact Reduction Using SEMAC-VAT and MAVRIC
Authors: Filli Lukas , Jud Lukas , Luechinger Roger , Nanz Daniel , Andreisek Gustav , Runge Val M. , Kozerke Sebastian , Farshad-Amacker Nadja A. 
Published: January 2017

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the degree of artifact reduction in magnetic resonance imaging achieved with slice encoding for metal artifact correction (SEMAC) in combination with view angle tilting (VAT) and multiacquisition variable resonance image combination (MAVRIC) for standard contrast weightings and different metallic materials.

Methods
Four identically shaped rods made of the most commonly used prosthetic materials (stainless steel, SS; titanium, Ti; cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, CoCr; and oxidized zirconium, oxZi) were scanned at 3 T. In addition to conventional fast spin-echo sequences, metal artifact reduction sequences (SEMAC-VAT and MAVRIC) with varying degrees of artifact suppression were applied at different contrast weightings (T1w, T2w, PDw). Two independent readers measured in-plane and through-plane artifacts in a standardized manner. In addition, theoretical frequency-offset and frequency-offset-gradient maps were calculated. Interobserver agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient.

Results
Interobserver agreement was almost perfect (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.86–0.99). Stainless steel caused the greatest artifacts, followed by CoCr, Ti, and oxZi regardless of the imaging sequence. While for Ti and oxZi rods scanning with weak SEMAC-VAT showed some advantage, for SS and CoCr, higher modes of SEMAC-VAT or MAVRIC were necessary to achieve artifact reduction. MAVRIC achieved better artifact reduction than SEMAC-VAT at the cost of longer acquisition times. Simulations matched well with the apparent geometry of the frequency-offset maps.

Conclusions
For Ti and oxZi implants, weak SEMAC-VAT may be preferred as it is faster and produces less artifact than conventional fast spin-echo. Medium or strong SEMAC-VAT or MAVRIC modes are necessary for significant artifact reduction for SS and CoCr implants.

Key Points
The impact of visual gaze direction on auditory object tracking
Authors: Pomper Ulrich , Chait Maria 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSubjective experience suggests that we are able to direct our auditory attention independent of our visual gaze, e.g when shadowing a nearby conversation at a cocktail party. But what are the consequences at the behavioural and neural level? While numerous studies have investigated both auditory attention and visual gaze independently, little is known about their interaction during selective listening. In the present EEG study, we manipulated visual gaze independently of auditory attention while participants detected targets presented from one of three loudspeakers. We observed increased response times when gaze was directed away from the locus of auditory attention. Further, we found an increase in occipital alpha-band power contralateral to the direction of gaze, indicative of a suppression of distracting input. Finally, this condition also led to stronger central theta-band power, which correlated with the observed effect in response times, indicative of differences in top-down processing. Our data suggest that a misalignment between gaze and auditory attention both reduce behavioural performance and modulate underlying neural processes. The involvement of central theta-band and occipital alpha-band effects are in line with compensatory neural mechanisms such as increased cognitive control and the suppression of task irrelevant inputs.