bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wide Disagreement Between Alternative Assessments of Premorbid Physical Activity: Subjective Patient and Surrogate Reports and Objective Smartphone Data
Authors: Gluck Samuel , Summers Matthew J. , Goddard Thomas P. , Andrawos Alice , Smith Natalie C. , Lange Kylie , Iwashyna Theodore J. , Deane Adam M. 
Published: September 2017

Objectives:
Surrogate-decision maker and patient self-reported estimates of the distances walked prior to acute illness are subjective and may be imprecise. It may be possible to extract objective data from a patient’s smartphone, specifically, step and global position system data, to quantify physical activity. The objectives were to 1) assess the agreement between surrogate-decision maker and patient self-reported estimates of distance and time walked prior to resting and daily step-count and 2) determine the feasibility of extracting premorbid physical activity (step and global position system) data from critically ill patients.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
Quaternary ICU.

Patients:
Fifty consecutively admitted adult patients who owned a smartphone, who were ambulatory at baseline, and who remained in ICU for more than 48 hours participated.

Measurments and Main Results:
There was no agreement between patients and surrogates for all premorbid walking metrics (mean bias 108% [99% lower to 8,700% higher], 83% [97% to 2,100%], and 71% [96% to 1,080%], for distance, time, and steps, respectively). Step and/or global position system data were successfully extracted from 24 of 50 phones (48%; 95% CI, 35–62%). Surrogate-decision makers, but not patient self-reported, estimates of steps taken per day correlated with smartphone data (surrogates: n = 13, ρ = 0.56, p < 0.05; patients: n = 13, ρ = 0.30, p = 0.317).

Conclusion:
There was a lack of agreement between surrogate-decision maker and patient self-reported subjective estimates of distance walked. Obtaining premorbid physical activity data from the current-generation smartphones was feasible in approximately 50% of patients.
Is the age at menopause a cause of sexual dysfunction? A Brazilian population-based study
Authors: Lett Caio , Valadares Ana L.R. , Baccaro Luiz F. , Pedro Adriana O. , Filho Jeffrey L. , Lima Marcelo , Costa-Paiva Lucia 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Objectives:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between age at menopause and sexual dysfunction and the components of sexual function in postmenopausal women.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional population-based study, data of 540 women aged 45 to 60 years regarding the age they were when they achieved menopause and its association with sexual dysfunction (evaluated using the Short Personal Experiences Questionnaire) were obtained through interviews. We assessed the data for associations between age at menopause and sexual dysfunction and demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics.

Results:
Age at menopause was not associated with sexual dysfunction. Arousal (dysfunction) was the only component of sexual function that was associated with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and early menopause (P = 0.01). It was reported by 64.2% of women with POI (women <40 y), compared with sexual dysfunction rates of 50% and 45.6% of women aged 40 to 45 and >45 years, respectively (P = 0.04). In women with POI or early menopause, Poisson regression analysis showed that having a partner with sexual problems (prevalence ratio [PR] = 6.6; 95% CI: 3.3-13,2; P < 0.001) and dyspareunia (PR = 3.9; 95% CI: 1.8-8.2; P = 0.0005) were factors associated with arousal dysfunction. Satisfaction with the partner as a lover (PR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2-0.7; P = 0.002) was protective against arousal dysfunction.

Conclusions:
Arousal dysfunction was associated with early ovarian failure and POI. The major factors affecting this association were having a partner with sexual problems, dyspareunia, and no satisfaction with the partner as a lover. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating partner problems and improving lubrication in these groups of women.
Restoring vaginal function in postmenopausal women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause
Authors: Kagan Risa , Rivera Eliza 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Menopause practitioners are often asked to help postmenopausal women restore vaginal health and function. A common scenario is the postmenopausal woman who has been without a sexual partner for many years and is now about to resume or has already unsuccessfully attempted penetrative sexual activity. This Practice Pearl addresses the pathophysiology and effect of atrophic genital changes and offers advice on how vaginal health and comfortable sexual activity can be restored.
Association between obesity and sleep disorders in postmenopausal women
Authors: Naufel Maria Fernanda , Frange Cristina , Andersen Monica Levy , Girão Manoel João Batista Castello , Tufik Sergio , Beraldi Ribeiro Eliane , Hachul Helena 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Objective:
To investigate the relationship between obesity and sleep architecture in postmenopausal women.

Methods:
One hundred seven postmenopausal women from the Ambulatory of Integrative Treatment for Female Sleep Disorders were invited by telephone to participate in this study. Fifty-three completed the study. We included women aged 50 to 70 years, and excluded women on hormone therapy or missing data. The study consisted of two meetings, including a full-night polysomnography. Menopause status was confirmed by amenorrhea for at least 1 year. Anthropometric measurements included: body mass, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and neck circumference. Participants were allocated into two groups according to BMI: nonobese group (BMI <30 kg/m2) and obese group (BMI ≥30 kg/m2).

Results:
The obese group had significantly (P < 0.01) increased values of BMI, neck circumference, waist circumference, and hip circumference. WHR was similar between the groups (P = 0.77). Obese participants had significantly increased values of respiratory disturbance index (16.4 vs 9.3 n°/h) and apnea-hypopnea index (14.2 vs 5.6 n°/h). Rapid eye movement sleep latency was positively correlated to body mass (r = P < 0.01), BMI (P < 0.01), and hip circumference (P = 0.01). WHR was negatively correlated to sleep efficiency (P = 0.03). The linear regression model showed that BMI (P < 0.01) and WHR (P < 0.01) were positive predictors of rapid eye movement sleep latency.

Conclusion:
In postmenopausal women, high BMI and abdominal obesity are sources of sleep disturbances, decreasing deep sleep, and sleep efficiency, while increasing the risk of obstructive sleep apnea.
Endoscopic Ultrasound and Related Technologies for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Disease - Research Gaps and Opportunities
Authors: Lee Linda S. , Andersen Dana K. , Ashida Reiko , Brugge William R. , Canto Mimi I. , Chang Kenneth J. , Chari Suresh T. , DeWitt John , Hwang Joo Ha , Khashab Mouen A. , Kim Kang , Levy Michael J. , McGrath Kevin , Park Walter G. , Singhi Aatur , Stevens Tyler , Thompson Christopher C. , Topazian Mark D. , Wallace Michael B. , Wani Sachin , Waxman Irving , Yadav Dhiraj , Singh Vikesh K. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A workshop was sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases to address the research gaps and opportunities in pancreatic endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). The event occurred on July 26, 2017 in 4 sessions: (1) benign pancreatic diseases, (2) high-risk pancreatic diseases, (3) diagnostic and therapeutics, and (4) new technologies. The current state of knowledge was reviewed, with identification of numerous gaps in knowledge and research needs. Common themes included the need for large multicenter consortia of various pancreatic diseases to facilitate meaningful research of these entities; to standardize EUS features of different pancreatic disorders, the technique of sampling pancreatic lesions, and the performance of various therapeutic EUS procedures; and to identify high-risk disease early at the cellular level before macroscopic disease develops. The need for specialized tools and accessories to enable the safe and effective performance of therapeutic EUS procedures also was discussed.
Dietary Fiber Intake in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Pituch‐Zdanowska Aleksandra , Albrecht Piotr , Banasiuk Marcin , Banaszkiewicz Aleksandra 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to estimate intake of total dietary fiber, and its soluble and insoluble fractions, by children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in comparison with healthy controls.Methods:This was a prospective controlled study on children with IBD. Food consumption data were collected by using the 3‐day diet record. For intake of soluble and insoluble fibers author's questionnaire was used.Results:The study included 50 children with IBD (80% in clinical remission) and 50 healthy controls. There were no statistically significant differences in age, weight, height, and BMI percentiles between both groups. The mean disease duration was 3.5 ± 2.5 years. The daily median dietary fiber intake in patients was 15.3 ± 4.2 g, whereas controls consumed about 14.1 ± 3.6 g/day; differences were not statistically significant. The median intake of soluble fiber in the study group was 5.0 g/day and in controls 4.7 g/day, whereas the intake of insoluble fractions was 10.2 versus 9.7 g/day, respectively. The total fiber intake significantly increased with age and it was higher among boys in each age group. The boys better achieved adequate intake recommendations (P = 0.003). Both, children with IBD and healthy controls, did not meet the adequate intake recommendations.Conclusions:Intake of fiber in patients with IBD and healthy controls was comparable; however, in both groups, it was lower than recommended.
Family Perspectives on Visiting the Pediatric Emergency Department for Migraine
Authors: Orr Serena Laura , O'Sullivan Liam , Zemek Roger , Ward Natalie M. , McMillan Hugh J. 
Published: September 2017

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of families regarding their expectations and experience of visiting the emergency department (ED) for migraine.

Methods
This was a qualitative study involving the families of 25 patients aged 10 to 18 years receiving ED care for acute migraine. Following their visit, independent semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with both the patient and parent or guardian. Questions were designed to explore factors pertaining to the family's perspective regarding their visit to the ED and expectations for the ED visit.

Results
Families reported a variety of reasons for visiting the ED. The majority of participants reported that they were worried about their headaches. Families more commonly had expectations for treatment than they did for investigations. As compared with patients, parents more commonly reported specific expectations for investigations and less commonly expressed concerns about intravenous treatments. Expectations for treatment efficacy varied: whereas some parents expected complete pain relief, for others, lesser degrees of relief were considered satisfactory. The experience of treatment efficacy was related to willingness to receive the same treatment again.

Conclusions
Given that a high frequency of families endorsed that they were worried about the headache when presenting to the ED, clinicians should strive to make a diagnosis of migraine in the ED setting and to educate families about this diagnosis. Because of divergent parent and patient perspectives, health care providers should inquire about family expectations, especially in relation to expectations for investigations and concerns surrounding intravenous interventions, and ensure that both the patient's and parent's perspectives are considered when developing a management plan for pediatric migraine.
DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors in Myeloid Cancer
Authors: Ørskov Andreas Due , Grønbæk Kirsten 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, so-called hypomethylating agents (HMAs), are the only drugs approved for the treatment of higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes and are widely used in this context. However, it is still unclear why some patients respond to HMAs, whereas others do not. Recent sequencing efforts have identified molecular disease entities that may be specifically sensitive to these drugs, and many attempts are being made to clarify how HMAs affect the malignant clone during treatment. Here, we review the most recent data on the clinical effects of HMAs in myeloid malignancies.
Impact of Advanced Age on Survival in Patients Undergoing Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kaibori Masaki , Yoshii Kengo , Yokota Isao , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Nagashima Fumio , Kubo Shoji , Kon Masanori , Izumi Namiki , Kadoya Masumi , Kudo Masatoshi , Kumada Takashi , Sakamoto Michiie , Nakashima Osamu , Matsuyama Yutaka , Takayama Tadatoshi , Kokudo Norihiro 
Published: September 2017

Objective:
The impact of age on survival after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been thoroughly examined. We reviewed the data of a nationwide follow-up survey to determine the outcomes of hepatectomy for HCC in elderly patients.

Background:
Management of malignant diseases in elderly patients has become a global clinical issue because of the increased life expectancy worldwide. Advancements in surgical techniques and perioperative management have reduced age-related contraindications for liver surgery.

Methods:
In all, 12,587 patients with HCC who underwent curative hepatic resection were included in this cohort study and classified according to age group [40–59 years (n = 2991), 60–74 years (n = 7576,), and ≥75 years (n = 2020)]. Clinicopathological features, long-term survival, and cumulative incidences of death after hepatic resection were compared among the groups. The cause-specific subdistribution hazard ratios for 3 types of death depending on age were also estimated.

Results:
Preoperative liver function tests showed that the prothrombin activity and platelet count were higher in the ≥75-year age group than in the other age groups. The overall survival was significantly lower in the elderly than younger patients. However, recurrence-free survival was almost identical among the 3 groups. The cumulative incidence of HCC-related or liver-related death was almost identical among the 3 groups; however, the cumulative incidence of other causes of death was significantly different. The 60-year subdistribution hazard ratio for other causes of death increased remarkably with increasing age.

Conclusions:
Elderly patients in this nationwide survey had significantly worse overall survival after hepatectomy than middle-aged and young patients. The cumulative incidence of other causes of death in elderly patients was significantly different from that of HCC-related or liver-related death among the 3 groups.
Blood Pressure Variability and Cognitive Function Among Older African Americans: Introducing a New Blood Pressure Variability Measure
Authors: Tsang Siny , Sperling Scott A. , Park Moon Ho , Helenius Ira M. , Williams Ishan C. , Manning Carol 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Although blood pressure (BP) variability has been reported to be associated with cognitive impairment, whether this relationship affects African Americans has been unclear. We sought correlations between systolic and diastolic BP variability and cognitive function in community-dwelling older African Americans, and introduced a new BP variability measure that can be applied to BP data collected in clinical practice.

Methods:
We assessed cognitive function in 94 cognitively normal older African Americans using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Computer Assessment of Mild Cognitive Impairment (CAMCI). We used BP measurements taken at the patients’ three most recent primary care clinic visits to generate three traditional BP variability indices, range, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation, plus a new index, random slope, which accounts for unequal BP measurement intervals within and across patients.

Results:
MMSE scores did not correlate with any of the BP variability indices. Patients with greater diastolic BP variability were less accurate on the CAMCI verbal memory and incidental memory tasks. Results were similar across the four BP variability indices.

Conclusions:
In a sample of cognitively intact older African American adults, BP variability did not correlate with global cognitive function, as measured by the MMSE. However, higher diastolic BP variability correlated with poorer verbal and incidental memory. By accounting for differences in BP measurement intervals, our new BP variability index may help alert primary care physicians to patients at particular risk for cognitive decline.
The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test: Validity and Reliability of the Thai Version
Authors: Charernboon Thammanard , Lerthattasilp Tiraya 
Published: September 2017

Background and Objective:
Until now there has not been a validated measure of theory of mind available in the Thai language. Our goal in this study was to assess the validity and reliability of our Thai-language translation of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (the “Eyes Test”).

Methods:
We gave our Thai version of the Eyes Test to 70 participants: 30 people with schizophrenia and 40 normal controls. We also gave Thai versions of the Faces Test and the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination to assess convergent validity.

Results:
For known groups validity, the controls scored significantly higher than the participants with schizophrenia on the Eyes Test: 24.6 (standard deviation=3.9) versus 18.2 (standard deviation=4.1), P<0.001. The Eyes Test correlated with the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (r=0.68, P<0.001) and the Faces Test (r=0.51, P<0.001). Internal consistency by the Cronbach alpha for the Eyes Test was 0.7, and test-retest reliability by intraclass correlation was 0.92 (P<0.001).

Conclusions:
The Thai version of the Eyes Test is a valid and reliable measurement that can be used in clinical practice and in future investigations of theory of mind in neurologic and psychiatric disorders.
Semantic Memory in the Clinical Progression of Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Tchakoute Christophe T. , Sainani Kristin L. , Henderson Victor W. 
Published: September 2017

Background and Objective:
Semantic memory measures may be useful in tracking and predicting progression of Alzheimer disease. We investigated relationships among semantic memory tasks and their 1-year predictive value in women with Alzheimer disease.

Methods:
We conducted secondary analyses of a randomized clinical trial of raloxifene in 42 women with late-onset mild-to-moderate Alzheimer disease. We assessed semantic memory with tests of oral confrontation naming, category fluency, semantic recognition and semantic naming, and semantic density in written narrative discourse. We measured global cognition (Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale, cognitive subscale), dementia severity (Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes), and daily function (Activities of Daily Living Inventory) at baseline and 1 year.

Results:
At baseline and 1 year, most semantic memory scores correlated highly or moderately with each other and with global cognition, dementia severity, and daily function. Semantic memory task performance at 1 year had worsened one-third to one-half standard deviation. Factor analysis of baseline test scores distinguished processes in semantic and lexical retrieval (semantic recognition, semantic naming, confrontation naming) from processes in lexical search (semantic density, category fluency). The semantic-lexical retrieval factor predicted global cognition at 1 year. Considered separately, baseline confrontation naming and category fluency predicted dementia severity, while semantic recognition and a composite of semantic recognition and semantic naming predicted global cognition. No individual semantic memory test predicted daily function.

Conclusions:
Semantic-lexical retrieval and lexical search may represent distinct aspects of semantic memory. Semantic memory processes are sensitive to cognitive decline and dementia severity in Alzheimer disease.
DeepLung: 3D Deep Convolutional Nets for Automated Pulmonary Nodule Detection and Classification
Authors: Zhu Wentao , Liu Chaochun , Fan Wei , Xie Xiaohui 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this work, we present a fully automated lung CT cancer diagnosis system, DeepLung. DeepLung contains two parts, nodule detection and classification. Considering the 3D nature of lung CT data, two 3D networks are designed for the nodule detection and classification respectively. Specifically, a 3D Faster R-CNN is designed for nodule detection with a U-net-like encoder-decoder structure to effectively learn nodule features. For nodule classification, gradient boosting machine (GBM) with 3D dual path network (DPN) features is proposed. The nodule classification subnetwork is validated on a public dataset from LIDC-IDRI, on which it achieves better performance than state-of-the-art approaches, and surpasses the average performance of four experienced doctors. For the DeepLung system, candidate nodules are detected first by the nodule detection subnetwork, and nodule diagnosis is conducted by the classification subnetwork. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the DeepLung is comparable to the experienced doctors both for the nodule-level and patient-level diagnosis on the LIDC-IDRI dataset.