bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Being brave”
Authors: Mangan Catherine , Pietroni Mark , Porter Denise 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to report on the use of an innovative peer review approach to identifying and addressing the causes of inappropriate admissions from hospital to nursing homes in South Gloucestershire (SG). It explains the methodology that was developed, the findings of the peer review process and reflects on the effectiveness of the process.

Design/methodology/approach
– The peer review consisted of two stages. The first stage involved a panel of local stakeholders carrying out an audit of a random selection of cases where people had been assessed as needing permanent nursing or residential care. From this four cases of inappropriate admissions were identified. Stage two involved an externally facilitated process with two peer challenge panels; one of local stakeholders and the other external experts. The two panels analysed the cases of inappropriate admissions, identified the system causes and suggested actions to tackle the issues which were fed back to an audience of local stakeholders.

Findings
– The combination of case audit and peer review was successful in providing robust challenge to the processes in SG by identifying shortcomings in the system and suggesting actions to improve outcomes.

Research limitations/implications
– The approach was taken in one Council area and therefore may not be replicable in another area.

Practical implications
– The case study suggests that a peer review approach using both local and external peers, including providers, is an effective way to identify weaknesses in the health and social care processes. The insights offered by external peers and providers is helpful for councils in identifying where to focus resources and suggests that other areas should consider proactive adaptations to the peer review methodology that is offered as part of the LGA’s programme of sector-led improvement.

Social implications
– The case study suggests that a peer review approach could have a positive impact on the quality of care and quality of life for older people who are admitted to hospital.

Originality/value
– The case study offers an innovative and original use of the peer review approach in social care that can be shared with other councils and partners. The Southwest Improvement Board have identified it as of particular interest to other areas seeking to work with partners to identify and implement positive change.
The impact of knowledge management on job satisfaction
Authors: Kianto Aino , Vanhala Mika , Heilmann Pia 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to propose that knowledge management (KM) could be a way to nurture job satisfaction and examine how KM can increase individual employees’ job satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach
A theoretical model concerning the connections between five facets of KM (knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, knowledge creation, knowledge codification and knowledge retention) and job satisfaction is proposed. It is then empirically tested with a structural equation modelling partial least squares analysis of a survey data set of 824 observations, collected from the members of a Finnish municipal organisation.

Findings
Existence of KM processes in one’s working environment is significantly linked with high job satisfaction. Especially intra-organisational knowledge sharing seems to be a key KM process, promoting satisfaction with one’s job in most employee groups. Interestingly, significant knowledge-based promoters of job satisfaction differ as a function of job characteristics.

Practical implications
KM has a strong impact on employee job satisfaction, and therefore, managers are advised to implement KM activities in their organisations, not only for the sake of improving knowledge worker performance but also for improving their well-being at work.

Originality/value
This paper produces knowledge on a type of consequence of KM that has been largely unexplored in previous research, individual job satisfaction. Also, it promotes moving the KM literature to the next stage where the impact of KM practices is not explored as a “one size fits all” type of a phenomenon, but rather as a contingent and contextual issue.
Measuring knowledge in organizations: a knowledge-in-practice approach
Authors: McIver Derrick , Wang Xiaodan “Abby” 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to develop a reliable and valid scale for measuring the underlying knowledge involved in work. To do so, it builds on the knowledge-in-practice (KIP) framework that suggests different types of work have different underlying knowledge characteristics. This allows us to answer two important questions: What are the underlying characteristics of KIP that are important to effectively manage a firm’s knowledge resources? How do we measure these characteristics? The answers help to build theoretical and empirical understanding of the construct of KIP.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a discovery-oriented survey design methodology to design the survey instrument, followed by a mixed-methods approach to validate the scale.

Findings
A new scale is developed for measuring the tacitness and learnability of the knowledge involved in work. It allows work units to be evaluated based on the underlying knowledge involved in different types of work.

Research limitations/implications
The KIP scale can be used for measuring the type of knowledge characteristics in organizations. Academics can use this study as a basic model to explore knowledge across different contexts and focus on the different characteristics within and across work contexts.

Practical implications
The study provides a clearer and more granular understanding of knowledge in organizations that can be used as a guideline to refer to when measuring and assessing knowledge requirements.

Originality/value
Scholars have pushed to understand work from a knowledge and collaboration perspective. A measurement scale for the KIP framework provides a critical first step towards this outcome.
Communities of practice as an initiative for knowledge sharing in business organisations: a literature review
Authors: Aljuwaiber Abobakr 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to review the research and to summarise the evidence on communities of practice (CoPs) as a tool for sharing knowledge. It will highlight the related literature from the past two decades by looking at potential barriers, solutions and influential factors regarding CoPs within business organisations.

Design/methodology/approach
The study consists of a constructed approach to determine the sources for the review that covers relevant literature on the topic of CoPs.

Findings
This paper provides insights about the important role of CoPs in fostering knowledge-sharing within business organisations. It suggests that the impact of globalisation has encouraged many business firms to intentionally establish CoPs as a vital tool for knowledge management (KM) initiatives. It also appears that the importance of the three organisational factors – top management, structure and culture – lies in their ability to have a direct effect on intentionally established CoPs within business organisations.

Research limitations/implications
The paper suggests a number of ways in which intentionally established CoPs can be developed within business companies. This paper limited its review to three organisational factors. Investigation of other organisational factors is needed.

Originality/value
This paper provides a detailed insight into the management literature on CoPs as an initiative for knowledge sharing within business organisations.
Research, recovery and mental health: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Collins Padraig , Crowe Sarah 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the limitations of the current research paradigm in mental health, particularly from a recovery perspective, and to suggest an alternative approach to clinical research which may be more in line with recovery principles.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper will first review the dominant research methodology utilised by the mental health disciplines, discussing some of the limitations of this approach, particularly from a recovery perspective. Existing research methodologies which embody recovery principles will then be outlined, before an alternative, more recovery-oriented, approach to research is discussed.

Findings
– The findings from this paper suggest that the current research paradigm utilised by the mental health disciplines may not be producing the most optimal results, and that a more recovery-oriented approach could help add to the value of this research, while also involving service users and their carers in the research process in a more meaningful way.

Research limitations/implications
– This paper will explore possibilities for undertaking recovery-informed research, which has implications, not only for researchers, service users and their families, but also for the practice of mental health disciplines more broadly.

Originality/value
– This paper will introduce a critique of traditional research methodology in mental health and will present an alternative recovery-oriented approach which could help to overcome some of the limitations of the more traditional approach.
Learning commons reference collections in ARL libraries
Authors: Pierard Cindy , Bordeianu Sever 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the changing role of the reference collection in learning commons at Association of Research Libraries (ARL) member libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
A 15-question survey was sent to managers at academic research libraries with membership in the ARL. Respondents were asked about their learning commons and reference collections. To increase the sample size, the researchers conducted phone interviews with a random sample of individuals from the same target population, utilizing the same questions and generated additional results.

Findings
Most respondents had or were planning learning commons for their libraries. The role of reference collections varied. Of those who had retained a print reference collection, the majority believed them to be little-used. The researchers believe this may signal an end to a formerly cherished idea: the primacy of the reference collection within a library learning space.

Research limitations/implications
This study involved a random sample of public service managers at North American ARL academic libraries. While the sample is believed to be representative of the broader population, findings may not be generalizable to all ARL libraries or to other academic libraries.

Originality/value
Many papers have been written about information or learning commons spaces and their distinctive elements. Others have discussed the changing role of reference collections. This paper is unique in examining the changing role of the reference collection within learning commons spaces.
Peer reference assistants in a small liberal arts college: case study
Authors: Gonnerman Kasia , Johnson Ken 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how to create and sustain a successful mentoring program for reference student assistants in the liberal arts environment. The study delineates student training, program assessment and the impact on reference practice in a way that can be used at other institutions considering implementing a similar initiative.

Design/methodology/approach
This case study is written by professionals who have been deeply engaged in initiating, running and assessing the program. It presents the value of the program in an unbiased and objective manner by including the voices of the student mentees themselves reflecting on the experience.

Findings
The mentorship program has proven to be worthwhile and rewarding in equal measures to both the mentees and reference librarians working with our future successors. It serves an important role in inspiring and encouraging library student workers to become interested in academic librarianship as a career choice and it prepares them to be successful students in library and information science graduate programs.

Originality/value
Although the discussion of training reference student assistants per se is not rare in the library literature, this particular program is unique in several ways: its main intent is to mentor students who are interested in pursuing librarianship as a career goal; it occurs in the context of a liberal arts college rather than in a larger university setting, especially those offering degrees in information and library science; and it empowers students to provide in-depth independent reference services for their peers and faculty.
De‐extinction and evolution
Authors: Robert Alexandre , Thévenin Charles , Princé Karine , Sarrazin François , Clavel Joanne 
Published: August 2016

Summary

De‐extinction, the process of resurrecting extinct species, is in an early stage of scientific implementation. However, its potential to contribute effectively to biodiversity conservation remains unexplored, especially from an evolutionary perspective.

We review and discuss the application of the existing evolutionary conservation framework to potential de‐extinction projects. We aim to understand how evolutionary processes can influence the dynamics of resurrected populations and to place de‐extinction within micro‐ and macro‐evolutionary conservation perspectives.

In programmes aiming to revive long‐extinct species, the most important constraints to the short‐term viability of any resurrected population are (i) their intrinsically low evolutionary resilience and (ii) their poor eco‐evolutionary experience, in relation to the absence of (co)adaption to biotic and abiotic changes in the recipient environment.

Assuming that some populations of resurrected species can persist locally, they have the potential to bring substantial benefits to biodiversity if the time since initial extinction is short relative to evolutionary dynamics. The restoration of lost genetic information could lead, along with the reinstatement of lost ecological functions, to the restoration of some evolutionary patrimony and processes, such as adaptation and diversification.

However, substantial evolutionary costs might occur, including unintended eco‐evolutionary changes in the local system and unintended spread of the species. Further, evolutionary benefits are limited because (i) the use of resurrected populations as ‘evolutionary proxies’ of extinct species is meaningless; (ii) their phylogenetic originality is likely to be limited by the selection of inappropriate candidate species and the fact that the original species might be those for which de‐extinction is the most difficult to achieve practically; (iii) the resurrection of a few extinct species does not have the potential to conserve as much evolutionary history as traditional conservation strategies, such as the reduction of ongoing species declines and extinction debts.

De‐extinction is a stimulating idea, which is not intrinsically antagonistic to the conservation of evolutionary processes. However, poor choice of candidate species, and most importantly, too long time scales between a species’ extinction and its resurrection are associated with low expected evolutionary benefits and likely unacceptable eco‐evolutionary risks.

A lay summary is available for this article.
Chokeberries (Aronia melanocarpa) and Their Products as a Possible Means for the Prevention and Treatment of Noncommunicable Diseases and Unfavorable Health Effects Due to Exposure to Xenobiotics
Authors: Borowska Sylwia , Brzóska Malgorzata M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAronia melanocarpa berries (chokeberries) constitute a very rich source of numerous substances exerting a beneficial impact on health, including mainly polyphenols (proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids), possessing antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, hypotensive, antiplatelet, and antidiabetic properties. Thus, the consumption of products made from chokeberries is of vital importance for health maintenance and protection. Nowadays, due to the growing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases and ubiquitous human exposure to numerous man‐made and naturally occurring toxic substances, some of which are dangerous even at low amounts, it is very important to look for effective means of health protection. An important role in this regard may be played by A. melanocarpa berries; however, up to now the attention of scientists, nutritionists, and health practitioners has been focused mainly on the effectiveness of chokeberry products in the prevention and treatment of noncommunicable diseases, while only little attention has been paid to the possibility of their use to counteract the adverse health effects of exposure to xenobiotics. That is why in this review article the main interest has been focused on the possibility of using chokeberries in the protection against unfavorable health effects caused by the action of substances to which humans may be exposed environmentally and/or occupationally. The available experimental data indicate that not only the fruit but also the leaves of A. melanocarpa and their products may be effective means for prevention and treatment of the effects of toxic action of some xenobiotics in humans; however, further studies on this subject are necessary.
New family of biosensors for monitoring BTX in aquatic and edaphic environments
Authors: Hernández‐Sánchez Verónica , Molina Lázaro , Ramos Juan Luis , Segura Ana 
Published: August 2016

SummaryBenzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) contamination is a serious threat to public health and the environment, and therefore, there is an urgent need to detect its presence in nature. The use of whole‐cell reporters is an efficient, easy‐to‐use and low‐cost approach to detect and follow contaminants outside specialized laboratories; this is especially important in oil spills that are frequent in marine environments. The aim of this study is the construction of a bioreporter system and its comparison and validation for the specific detection of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different host bacteria and environmental samples. Our bioreporter system is based on the two component regulatory system TodS–TodT of P. putida DOT‐T1E, and the PtodX promoter fused to the GFP protein as the reporter protein. For the construction of different biosensors, this bioreporter was transferred into three different bacterial strains isolated from three different environments, and their performance was measured. Validation of the biosensors on water samples spiked with petrol, diesel and crude oil on contaminated waters from oil spills and on contaminated soils demonstrated that they can be used in mapping and monitoring some BTEX compounds (specifically benzene, toluene and two xylene isomers). Validation of biosensors is an important issue for the integration of these devices into pollution‐control programmes.
Prevalence of hand syndromes among patients with diabetes mellitus in Taiwan: A population‐based study
Authors: Hou Wen‐Hsuan , Li Chung‐Yi , Chen Lu‐Hsuan , Wang Liang‐Yi , Kuo Ken N. , Shen Hsiu‐Nien , Chang Ming‐Fong 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundPopulation‐based data for diabetic hand syndrome (DHS) are limited. The aim of the present epidemiological study was to estimate the overall and cause‐specific prevalence and rate ratio (RR) of DHS in patients with diabetes.MethodsThe present study was a cross‐sectional study based on a random sample of 57 093 diabetics and matched controls, both identified from Taiwan National Health Insurance claims in 2010. The DHS analyzed in the present study included carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), stenosing flexor tenosynovitis (SFT), limited joint mobility (LJM), and Dupuytren's disease (DD).ResultsThe prevalence of overall DHS was estimated at 2472 per 105 for the diabetics, compared with 1641 per 105 for the controls, representing a prevalence RR of 1.51 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.39–1.64). Stratified analyses further revealed that the significantly increased prevalence of overall DHS was more evident in females than males (1.59 vs 1.36) and was only noted in diabetics aged ≥35 years. Cause‐specific analysis suggested that patients with diabetes had the highest prevalence of CTS (1244 per 105), followed by SFT (1209 per 105), LJM (39 per 105), and DD (6 per 105). In addition, diabetes was only significantly associated with CTS (RR 1.34; 95 % CI 1.20–1.51) and SFT (1.74; 95 % CI 1.54–1.97).ConclusionThe prevalence of overall and certain cause‐specific DHS was significantly elevated in patients with diabetes in Taiwan.
angsd‐wrapper: utilities for analysing next‐generation sequencing data
Authors: Durvasula Arun , Hoffman Paul J. , Kent Tyler V. , Liu Chaochih , Kono Thomas J. Y. , Morrell Peter L. , Ross‐Ibarra Jeffrey 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHigh‐throughput sequencing has changed many aspects of population genetics, molecular ecology and related fields, affecting both experimental design and data analysis. The software packageangsdallows users to perform a number of population genetic analyses on high‐throughput sequencing data.angsduses probabilistic approaches which can directly make use of genotype likelihoods; thus,SNPcalling is not required for comparative analyses. This takes advantage of all the sequencing data and produces more accurate results for samples with low sequencing depth. Here, we presentangsd‐wrapper, a set of wrapper scripts that provides a user‐friendly interface for runningangsdand visualizing results.angsd‐wrapper supports multiple types of analyses including estimates of nucleotide sequence diversity neutrality tests, principal component analysis, estimation of admixture proportions for individual samples and calculation of statistics that quantify recent introgression.angsd‐wrapper also provides interactive graphing ofangsdresults to enhance data exploration. We demonstrate the usefulness ofangsd‐wrapper by analysing resequencing data from populations of wild and domesticatedZea.angsd‐wrapper is freely available fromhttps://github.com/mojaveazure/angsd-wrapper.
Variability of nitrifying communities in surface coastal waters of the Eastern South Pacific (∼36° S)
Authors: Levipan Héctor A. , Molina Verónica , Anguita Cristóbal , Rain‐Franco Angel , Belmar Lucy , Fernandez Camila 
Published: August 2016

SummaryWe report the seasonal and single‐diurnal variability of potentially active members of the prokaryote community in coastal surface waters off central Chile and the relationship between nitrifiers and solar radiation by combining 16S cDNA‐based pyrosequencing, RT‐qPCR of specific gene markers for nitrifiers (amoA, for general AOA, AOA‐A, AOA‐B, Nitrosopumilus maritimus and beta‐AOB; and 16S rRNA gene for Nitrospina‐like NOB), and solar irradiance measurements. We also evaluated the effects of artificial UVA‐PAR and PAR spectra on nitrifiers by RT‐qPCR. All nitrifiers (except AOA‐B ecotype) were detected via RT‐qPCR but AOA was the only group detected by pyrosequencing. Results showed high variability in their transcriptional levels during the day which could be associated to sunlight intensity thresholds in winter although AOA and Nitrospina‐like NOB transcript number were also potentially related with environmental substrate availability. Only N. maritimus amoA transcripts showed a significant negative correlation with solar irradiances in both periods. During spring‐summer, Nitrospina transcripts decreased at higher sunlight intensities, whereas the opposite was found during winter under natural (in situ) and artificial light experiments. In summary, a nitrifying community with variable tolerance to solar radiation is responsible for daily nitrification, and was particularly diverse during winter in the study area.