bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on the influence of situations on personal avatar characteristics
Authors: Hube Natalie , Reinelt Melissa , Vidackovic Kresimir , Sedlmair Michael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAvatars play a key role in how persons interact within virtual environments, acting as the digital selves. There are many types of avatars, each serving the purpose of representing users or others in these immersive spaces. However, the optimal approach for these avatars remains unclear. Although consumer applications often use cartoon-like avatars, this trend is not as common in work settings. To gain a better understanding of the kinds of avatars people prefer, three studies were conducted involving both screen-based and virtual reality setups, looking into how social settings might affect the way people choose their avatars. Personalized avatars were created for 91 participants, including 71 employees in the automotive field and 20 participants not affiliated with the company. The research shows that work-type situations influence the chosen avatar. At the same time, a correlation between the type of display medium used to display the avatar or the person’s personality and their avatar choice was not found. Based on the findings, recommendations are made for future avatar representations in work environments and implications and research questions derived that can guide future research.
Prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities among adult out-patients living with HIV/AIDS in a tertiary care center, North-Central Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ibraheem AbdulRauf S. , Odeigah Louis O. , Kuranga Ibrahim S. , Amoko Ampitan , Nwosu Chinyere B. , Omowumi Razaki K. , Maiyegun Afisulahi A. , Ayodapo Abayomi O. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Psychiatric disorders had been reported with higher prevalence among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), [PLWHA] than the general population and its presence could confer poorer prognosis on infected individuals. However, there is limited research on the above subject matter in the North-Central part of Nigeria. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of common psychiatric disorders (CPD) among adult out-patients PLWHA at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria.

Methods
It was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted among 363 respondents attending the UITH Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) clinic between March and May 2019. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to assess the prevalence of CPD among respondents. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 and p value of < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

Results
The prevalence of depression was 24.5%, anxiety disorder (AD) was 16.8% and alcohol use disorder (AUD) was 0.6%. Respondents from the extended family type were more depressed 70.4% and about half 43.3% of the nuclear family had AD while a 1.6% prevalence of AUD was found among the nuclear family. The association was statistically significant with a p value of 0.001.

Conclusion
CPD exist among PLWHA with increasing prevalence therefore screening for these disorders should be encouraged during routine management of PLWHA to improve their psychological well-being.
Advancements in ascites management: a comprehensive narrative review of the Alfa Pump system
Authors: Asim Muhammad , Naqvi Nabiha , Karmani Vikash Kumar , Tahir Aima , Banatwala Umm E. Salma Shabbar , Rehman Shahzeb , Aslam Minha , Majeed Aleena , Khan Farhan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAscites remains a significant challenge in patients with cirrhosis, posing difficulties in management and affecting prognosis. This review examines the current understanding of ascites, including its underlying mechanisms, symptoms, and treatment options, with a specific focus on the innovative Alfa Pump device. The review begins by discussing traditional approaches to managing ascites while also addressing their limitations and potential complications. It then explores the emergence of the Alfa Pump system, a novel implantable device designed to tackle refractory ascites by continuously draining fluid from the abdomen while minimizing circulatory issues. Through a synthesis of current literature and clinical evidence, this narrative review underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of ascites, with a particular emphasis on the evolving role of the Alfa Pump in improving outcomes and quality of life for patients with refractory ascites.
Nano-Curcumin improves caffeine-induced cerebral alterations in male Wistar rats by modifying oxidative stress, inflammation, and COX-2/NF-κB/Nrf2 signaling
Authors: Morsy Moustafa M. , Ahmed R. G. , Abdel-Gabbar Mohammed 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis research aims to determine the probable protective effect of nano-curcumin (N-CUR) on caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine)-induced neurotoxicity in cerebral rats.MethodsTwenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control, caffeine (150 mg kg−1), and caffeine (150 mg kg−1) treated with N-CUR (300 mg kg−1). All treatments were administrated by gavage every day for a month.ResultsAdministration of caffeine significantly elevated the levels of serum interleukins 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2). Also, there was a significant increase in levels of cerebral malondialdehyde (MDA), significantly diminished glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Caffeine administration significantly downregulated the gene expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and upregulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Administration of N-CUR caused a significant amelioration in TNF-α and IL-6 levels and a significant rise in SOD activity, while it caused a significant downregulation in NF-κB mRNA expression. Additionally, N-CUR has exerted insignificant amelioration of COX-2 and MDA contents and Nrf2 mRNA expression compared to the caffeine-treated group.ConclusionN-CUR may have a mild to moderate ameliorative effect on caffeine-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in the cerebrum.
Real-life experience of colonic polyps’ detection rate and adenoma detection rate with their characteristics in a cohort of Egyptian patients
Authors: Abdellatif Abeer Awad , Mogawer Mohamad Sherif , Elkholy Shaimaa , Hagag Hany , Abdelfatah Dalia , Soliman Zeinab Abdellatif Mahmoud , El-sayed Ahmed Mostafa Mostafa , Isa Alhosaeyn Ibrahim , Sebei Omar Mahmoud Ahmed Abou , Shehata Ahmed E. M. , Mohamed Ahmed Khalafalla , Hamed Marwan , Naga Mazen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Data on the prevalence of colonic polyps and adenomas in the Egyptian population are scarce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of colonic polyps among Egyptian patients aged 50 years and older who underwent colonoscopy for a variety of reasons.

Patients and methods
This study is a retrospective one that was conducted with the use of an endoscopic reporting database of patients presenting at Cairo University Hospital. The considered variables were age, gender, clinical presentation, polyps’ characteristics, and diagnosis. Polyps were retrieved and sent for histopathological examination.

Results
Among 4861 patients whose clinical presentation necessitated colonoscopic examination between 2012 and 2019, 850 consecutive patients aged 50 years and older were enrolled in this study. The median age was 65 ± 9 SD. The male gender was slightly predominant (50.8%). The polyp detection rate was 23.1%, while the adenoma detection rate was 14.7%, and they were mostly encountered on the left side of the colon. By regression analysis, the most important predictors of adenoma were age ≥ 65 years, diabetes, and the presence of a polyp in the right colon. Diabetics and older people (≥ 65 years) had two times increased risk for adenoma, while patients with polyps in the right side of the colon had 30 times increased risk of adenoma.

Conclusion
PDR and ADR among the Egyptian population are matched to the target ADR set by the ASGE. We recommend ADR and PDR as key quality indicators of colonoscopy quality.
Methylglyoxal Mediates the Association Between 2-Hour Plasma Glucose and HbA1c With Inflammation: The Maastricht Study
Authors: Sun Dijia , van Greevenbroek Marleen M J , Scheijen Jean L J M , Kelly Jaycey , Schalkwijk Casper G , Wouters Kristiaan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Glucose excursions in persons with diabetes may drive chronic inflammation. Methylglyoxal (MGO) is formed from glucose, is elevated in persons with diabetes, and is a potent glycating agent linked with inflammation.

Objective
We investigated whether glucose excursions are associated with low-grade inflammation and whether MGO mediates this association.

Methods
We used data from The Maastricht Study, an extensive phenotyping study into the etiology of type 2 diabetes and its complications. Data of 3017 participants, who underwent an oral glucose tolerance test and where data on MGO levels and inflammation were available, were used. Linear regression analyses, adjusted for potential confounders, evaluated associations between fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour plasma glucose (2h-PG) and HbA1c, and low-grade inflammation (stdβ, [95% CI]) were calculated from plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Mediation analyses investigated whether MGO mediated these associations.

Results
2h-PG (0.172, [0.110; 0.234]) and HbA1c (0.148, [0.101; 0.196]), but not FPG (0.049, [−0.002; 0.100]), were associated with low-grade inflammation. 2h-PG and HbA1c were also associated with 2h-MGO (0.471, [0.407; 0.534], and 0.244, [0.195; 0.294], respectively). Furthermore, 2h-MGO was independently and positively associated with low-grade inflammation (0.078, [0.037; 0.120]). 2h-MGO mediated 23% of the association between 2h-PG and inflammation, and 16% of the association between HbA1c and inflammation.

Conclusion
MGO mediates the association between postload glucose excursions and HbA1c with inflammation, providing evidence for a role of postprandial MGO formation to hyperglycemia-induced low-grade inflammation.
Patient compliance with medications, nasal douching, smoking cessation and long-term outcomes of surgical septorhinoplasty – a prospective series of 56 cases
Authors: Garrard A , Davies T , Walker N , Raja H 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Septorhinoplasty addresses both functional and cosmetic concerns with the nose and has been shown to have consistent, long-term benefits for patients. Nasal irrigation and medication such as antimicrobials are prescribed postoperatively to improve outcomes. Patient compliance with these interventions and outcomes of surgery have not been described. We aim to describe what the effects of compliance with these interventions may be in long-term follow-up. Methods Patients undergoing septorhinoplasty were reviewed prospectively from 2015 to 2022. At time of operation, patients were prescribed medications, saline douching and given smoking cessation advice. Patients underwent rhinoplasty outcomes evaluation (ROE) preoperatively, at four weeks, and 3, 12, 24 and 36 months postoperatively. Compliance with postoperative interventions was measured at four weeks. Statistical tests were performed. Results A total of 56 patients underwent septorhinoplasty. Preoperative ROE scores were improved significantly at all stages of postprocedure follow-up (p<0.0001). Multiple linear regression found no significant differences in patients who were not compliant with medications (p>0.40), nasal douching (p>0.22), both medication and nasal douching (p>0.40), and a positive smoking status (p>0.11) at four weeks. At 3- and 24-months follow-up, there were no significant differences in ROE scores between compliant patients and those who were noncompliant with medications, nasal douching or both (p>0.13). Conclusions Our data represent the only series of patient-reported outcomes from septorhinoplasty patients where compliance with nasal irrigation, smoking cessation and antimicrobials is considered. Compliance with nasal irrigation, topical antimicrobials or smoking cessation did not influence postoperative ROE scores.
From the few main colors to their spectra: discussion on robustness or mutability of a material’s color
Authors: Ravet Hugo , Penin Nicolas , Chiron Anthony , Gaudon Manuel 
Published: September 2024

The present work intends to bring a new approach to the creation of target colorations in pigment research and development. Rather than proposing a “chemist's” approach, i.e. based on knowledge of the accessible energy levels of the electrons in matter whose transfer will produce absorption phenomena, we propose here, “without any compositional guide”, to establish the spectra corresponding to the 6 main colors (red-green-blue-cyan-magenta-yellow): the created spectra for the modeling are created without trying to correspond to any specific composition. Hence, we propose herein a “process” which can be directly transferred to experimental spectra associated with experimental compounds, whatever their nature: organic or inorganic, metallic, semi-conducting or insulating, etc. Since “out of all compositional guide” does not mean “unrealistic”, we have first shown that inorganic pigments, which are made up of absorption phenomena associated with the three main types of electronic transfer, can be robustly simulated in absorbance space by a linear combination of Gaussian functions. Briefly, this work led us to show several interesting conclusions in successive stages:

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A single phenomenon can already create yellow, magenta, and blue colors with very good agreement,

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All colors can be created with two-Gaussian spectra,

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Very different spectra can lead to the same coloration (metamerism, which is already largely documented in literature). We showed that these “metameric” spectra then have properties of robustness (maintenance of coloration) for a change of the illuminant or a shift in the energy position of the absorption bands, which can be highly variable. Some colorations are intrinsically more robust than others to these environmental changes.
Inmate Assistance Programs
Authors: Friehe Tim , Mungan Murat C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper analyzes the deterrence implications of different inmate assistance programs (IAPs), carefully distinguishing between deterrence of first offenses and recidivism. All IAPs considered in our model reduce recidivism, and we identify IAPs that also reduce the first offense rate. However, IAPs which increase work opportunities, improve the reintegration of exiting inmates, and moderate individual’s self-control issues may lower the deterrence of first offenses, if this possibility is not adequately anticipated when designing these IAPs.
Impact of Financial Stress on Academic Performance of University Students in South East Nigeria
Authors: Ogbuagu Anuli R. , Ohalete Precious I. , Nwaoga Chinyere T. , Uroko Favour C. , Onyeanuna Ahamba Kenneth 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine how financial stress affects academic performance among university students in South East Nigeria. By using descriptive statistics and the Chi-Square model, we examined the relationship between financial stress and academic outcomes among 250 participants from five South Eastern universities. Several key factors contributing to financial stress were examined such as students’ monthly income, medical bills cost, ability to save, academic materials cost, student borrowing levels, and cost of feeding. The findings indicate that students’ monthly income and the cost of medical bills are the key determinants of financial stress among students. Based on the second objective, the study revealed that inability to pay bills as student, the inability to purchase required academic materials (books, course packs, supplies) due to their high costs, difficulties in paying school fees, and work schedules are the most significant factors that contribute to financial stress which negatively affect academic performance for students. Therefore, we recommend that government should enhance its financial assistance programs to alleviate financial stress among university students as this will improve their academic performance. Also, Collaboration with external stakeholders, can further enhance the resources available to students in need. Finally, this study illustrates the detrimental effects of financial stress on academic performance among university students in southeast Nigeria and should be interpreted with caution as its limited to South-East Nigeria.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF METHANE CONCENTRATION IN BAIKAL SURFACE WATER IN SPRING PERIOD
Authors: ПЕСТУНОВ Д.А. , ШАМРИН А.М. , ДОМЫШЕВА В.М. , САКИРКО М.В. , ПАНЧЕНКО М.В. 
Published: September 2024

Представлены результаты исследования пространственного распределения концентрации метана в поверхностной воде оз. Байкал в весенний период. Основой послужили данные измерений, которые впервые были проведены в режиме круглосуточной непрерывной регистрации содержания СН4 по всей трассе прохода исследовательского судна в комплексных экспедициях ЛИН СО РАН в весенние сезоны 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2021, 2022 гг. По результатам шести экспедиций сформирован объединенный массив данных из 12100 сегментов (шаг 0,005° по широте и 0,01° долготе), суммарная площадь которых составила 4466,7 км2, или 14% от поверхности оз. Байкал. Расчет статистических характеристик был осуществлен в четырех зонах: между изобатами 0 и 100 м, 100 и 200 м, 200 и 400 м, свыше 400 м. Проведенное сравнение значений концентраций метана в анализируемом массиве с данными других исследователей, полученными в разные годы на близких участках акватории, позволило заключить, что представленные в работе результаты адекватно отражают наиболее устойчивые особенности пространственной картины распределения концентрации СН4 в поверхностной воде оз. Байкал в весенние сезоны.
The results of describing the spatial distribution of methane concentration in the surface water of Lake Baikal in the spring are presented. The basis was the measurements of CH4 content which were first carried out in the round-the-clock continuous mode along the entire route of the passage of research vessel in the complex expeditions of LIN SB RAS in the spring seasons of 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2021, and 2022. Based on the results of six expeditions, a data array was compiled; it included 12100 segments (with a step of 0.005° in latitude and 0.01° in longitude) which covered the total area 4466.7 km2, or 14% of the Baikal mirror. For a more detailed description of the spatial distribution of methane concentrations in surface water throughout the Baikal water area, the statistical characteristics were calculated in four zones: between 0 and 100 m, 100 and 200 m, 200 and 400 m, and over 400 m isobaths. The comparison of the methane concentrations in the analyzed array with the data of other researchers obtained in different years in close regions of the water area made it possible to conclude that the results presented in the work adequately reflect the most stable features of the spatial distribution of methane concentration in surface water in spring seasons.
Ambiguity of the influence of cytokines IL-8, IL-17A, TNFα, AND IFNγ on the antigen presenting CD66b+CD16+CD33+HLA-DR+ subpopulation of neutrophil granulocytes in children with acute hematogenic osteomyelitis
Authors: Chudilova G. A. , Nesterova I. V. , Teterin Yu. V. , Melkonyan K. I. , Atazhakhova M. G. , Chapurina V. N. , Chicherev E. A. 
Published: September 2024

Dysfunctions of the immune system, in turn, of neutrophil granulocytes (NG), are the cause of the emergence and progression of the focus of infection in bone tissue and bone marrow in acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO). When colonizing bones, S. aureus, osteoblasts, osteocytes and macrophages secrete chemoattractants and cytokines, which initiate the influx of large amounts of NG into the site of infection, which, in turn, secrete cytokines and form an inflammatory microenvironment that promotes the formation of osteoclasts that resorb bone. It is known that NG activated by cytokines undergo functional and phenotypic changes. In this regard, detecting the cytokines that lead to the transformation of the NC phenotype into an antigen-presenting cell (APC) in AHO is of interest. Goal, to determine the levels of neutrophil-associated serum cytokines IL-8, IL-17A, TNFα, IFNγ and their relationship with numerous and phenotypic characteristics of subpopulations CD66b+CD16+CD33+HLA-DR-, CD66b+CD16+CD33+HLA-DR+NG in localized and septicopyemic forms of CSO in children.Children (N = 28) aged 8-15 years with AHO were studied: group 1 – 20 children with a localized form; group 2 – 8 children with septicopyemic form; and a comparison group of 13 conditionally healthy children. The number of NG subpopulations CD66b+CD16+CD33+HLA-DR+, CD66b+CD16+CD33+HLA-DR-, receptors mean expression intensity (MFI) (FC 500, mAb Beckman Coulter, USA); serum cytokines IL-8, IL-17A, TNFα, IFNγ ELISA (ASCENT, Finland), test systems Cloud-Clone Corp. (USA).The appearance of two activated subpopulations in the peripheral blood (PB) of children with various forms of AHO severity were found: CD66b+CD16+CD33+HLA-DR+ with the APC phenotype, capable of presenting the S. aureus superantigen for T lymphocytes and a subpopulation with high cytotoxic activity CD66b+CD16+CD33+HLA-DR- while concentrations of serum cytokines IFNγ, IL-17 are high and levels of TNFα are increased. Due to the fact that the NG activation range correlates with the range of inflammatory tissue damage, including bone tissue, determination of the level of IFNγ, IL-17 can be useful for assessing the severity of AHO, and also possibly for monitoring infectious and inflammatory processes occurring in the bone tissue.Taking into account the leading role of NG in various inflammatory reactions, determining the expression of HLA-DR, in order to identify the manifestation of the APC-NG subpopulation in peripheral blood, may have diagnostic value not only for AHO, but also for other manifestations of infectious and inflammatory diseases.