bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Malvaceae: a potential source of secondary metabolites with chemopreventive and anticancer activities supported with in silico pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles
Authors: Sameh Salma , Elissawy Ahmed M. , Al-Sayed Eman , Labib Rola M. , Chang Hsueh-Wei , Yu Szu-Yin , Chang Fang-Rong , Yang Shyh-Chyun , Singab Abdel Nasser B. 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionCancer is the second most widespread cause of mortality following cardiovascular disorders, and it imposes a heavy global burden. Nowadays, herbal nutraceutical products with a plethora of bioactive metabolites represent a foundation stone for the development of promising chemopreventive and anticancer agents. Certain members of the family Malvaceae have traditionally been employed to relieve tumors. The literature concerning the chemopreventive and anticancer effects of the plant species along with the isolated cytotoxic phytometabolites was reviewed. Based on the findings, comprehensive computational modelling studies were performed to explore the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of the reported cytotoxic metabolites to present basis for future plant-based anticancer drug discovery.MethodsAll the available information about the anticancer research in family Malvaceae and its cytotoxic phytometabolites were retrieved from official sources. Extensive search was carried out using the keywords Malvaceae, cancer, cytotoxicity, mechanism and signalling pathway. Pharmacokinetic study was performed on the cytotoxic metabolites using SWISS ADME model. Acute oral toxicity expressed as median lethal dose (LD50) was predicted using Pro Tox 3.0 web tool. The compounds were docked using AutoDock Vina platform against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR kinase enzyme) obtained from the Protein Data Bank. Molecular dynamic simulations and MMGBSA calculations were performed using GROMACS 2024.2 and gmx_MMPBSA tool v1.5.2.ResultsOne hundred forty-five articles were eligible in the study. Several tested compounds showed safe pharmacokinetic properties. Also, the molecular docking study showed that the bioactive metabolites possessed agreeable binding affinities to EGFR kinase enzyme. Tiliroside (25), boehmenan (30), boehmenan H (31), and isoquercetin (22) elicited the highest binding affinity toward the enzyme with a score of −10.4, −10.4, −10.2 and −10.1 Kcal/mol compared to the reference drug erlotinib having a binding score equal to −9 Kcal/mol. Additionally, compounds 25 and 31 elicited binding free energies equal to −42.17 and −42.68 Kcal/mol, respectively, comparable to erlotinib.DiscussionOverall, the current study presents helpful insights into the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the reported cytotoxic metabolites belonging to family Malvaceae members. The molecular docking and dynamic simulations results intensify the roles of secondary metabolites from medicinal plants in fighting cancer.
Changing paradigm of malnutrition among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age and gaps in national Nutrition Policies and Action Plans to tackle the emerging challenge
Authors: Khan Shusmita , Haider M. Moinuddin , Jamil Kanta , Ahsan Karar Zunaid , Siraj Saiqa , Iqbal Afrin , Angeles Gustavo 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThe main objective of this paper is to document the changing paradigm of malnutrition in Bangladesh and estimating how this is creating an intergenerational risk. This paper also examines national policy responses to tackle the silent epidemic of double burden of malnutrition.MethodsPublicly available datasets of five Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys were used to see the changing paradigm of malnutrition among Bangladesh women. In addition to that, four national policies concerning, maternal and child health; and nutrition were reviewed using CDC’s 2013 Policy Analytical Framework.ResultsIn Bangladesh, the share of ever-married women aged 15–49 who were underweight declined sharply between 2007 and 2017–2018, from 30 to 12%. In the same period, the proportion of women who were overweight or obese increased from 12 to 32%. Despite remarkable progress in reducing undernourishment among women, the share of well-nourished remained unchanged: 58% in 2007 and 56% in 2017–2018, mainly due to the shift in the dominant burden from undernutrition to overnutrition. This shift occurred around 2012–2013. Currently, in Bangladesh 0.8 million of births occur to overweight women and 0.5 million births occur to underweight women. If the current trend in malnutrition continues, pregnancies/births among overweight women will increase. Bangladesh’s existing relevant policies concerning maternal health and nutrition are inadequate and mostly address the underweight spectrum of malnutrition.DiscussionBoth forms of malnutrition pose a risk for maternal and child health. Underweight mothers are at risk of having anemia, antepartum/postpartum hemorrhage, and premature rupture of membranes. Maternal obesity increases the risk of perinatal complications, such as gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and cesarean deliveries. Currently, around 24% of the children are born to overweight/obese mothers and 15% to underweight mothers. Bangladesh should revise its national policies to address the double burden of malnutrition among women of reproductive age across pre-conception, pregnancy, and post-natal stages to ensure optimum maternal and child health.
Framework for responsive financing of district hospitals of India
Authors: Prinja Shankar , Jyani Gaurav , Goyal Aarti , Sharma Sameer , Kaur Tarandeep , Sundararaman Thiagarajan 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe current financing of public-sector district hospitals in India relies on historical budget allocations rather than actual utilization or healthcare needs. We utilized empirical data on healthcare delivery costs to develop the financing framework for these hospitals using a blended payment approach.MethodsThe primary data on cost of delivering services in 27 district hospitals across nine states of India was analysed along with indicators influencing the demand and supply of health services. Payment for outpatient, inpatient, and indirect services was assessed using the risk adjusted global budget, case-based bundled payment, and per-bed-global budget, respectively. Risk adjustment weights were computed by regressing the cost of outpatient care with demand and supply side factors which are likely to influence the utilization or the prices. Budget impact analysis was conducted to assess the fiscal implications of this payment approach, accounting for current care standards and two scenarios: upgrading district hospitals to Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) or medical colleges.ResultsThe average annual budget for a district hospital in India is estimated at ₹326 million (US$3.35 million), ranging from ₹66 million to ₹2.57 billion (US$0.8–31.13 million). Inpatient care comprises the largest portion (78%) of the budget. Upgrading to IPHS-compliant secondary hospitals or medical colleges would increase average budgets by 131 and 91.5%, respectively.ConclusionImplementing a blended payment approach would align funding with healthcare needs, enhance provider performance, and support ongoing financing reforms aimed at strategic purchasing and universal health coverage.
Perceptions of celebrity athletes involved in social cause endorsement
Authors: Biz Manuela , Schubert Mathias 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionDue to their ability to evoke unique associations in people's minds, professional athletes are considered prime ambassadors for companies, brands or organisations to add intangible values, credibility and awareness to their products or services. Based on that premise, using celebrity athletes for supporting social causes has also become a frequent practice over the past years. Empirical knowledge on how such activities are being perceived by involved athletes is scarce. Little is known about what they consider to be relevant attributes of their personal brand that make them suitable for endorsing social causes.MethodsBased on semi-structured interviews with (n = 12) current and recently retired professional athletes from four different continents, we explore the most prominent attributes of athlete brands as well as other important features in that regard.ResultsOur results indicate that, in contrast to product endorsement, on-field attributes of the athlete brand are considered more important in relation to social causes. On-field attributes, such as career achievements and the behaviour shown during competitions, are seen as the main sources of credibility.DiscussionCongruence and fit between endorser profiles and cause is perceived as highly relevant for successful cause endorsement activities. Our study is useful for a variety of stakeholders, such as athletes or organisations considering getting involved in social cause endorsement.
Sequía por cambio climático como factor de vulneración del derecho humano al agua potable y saneamiento: una visión desde México
Authors: Rubio Paulina Isabel Silva , Valle Celia América Nieto del 
Published: October 2024

En la actualidad, los seres humanos enfrentan los impactos negativos del incremento de temperatura ocasionado por el aumento en la emisión de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI). Este fenómeno conocido como cambio climático es uno de los problemas ambientales más graves, que junto con la contaminación y la pérdida de biodiversidad integra la llamada “triple crisis planetaria”. Uno de los principales impactos negativos que ocasiona el también llamado calentamiento global es la sequía, originada por la alteración en las precipitaciones que diversos científicos relacionan directamente con el incremento de temperatura. A su vez, las sequías producen una serie de efectos colaterales, como incendios forestales, cultivos siniestrados y por supuesto, una disminución en la disponibilidad de agua para consumo humano. Esta disminución afecta de forma directa el derecho humano al agua potable y saneamiento que implica la disposición de agua suficiente, salubre, aceptable, accesible y asequible para el uso personal y doméstico, establecido en el artículo 4º de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos y que además el Comité de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales de las Naciones Unidas ha determinado que forma parte del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado. Para finales del año 2023, en México el porcentaje de áreas con sequía de moderada a excepcional fue de 66.16%, lo que indica que más de la mitad del territorio nacional enfrenta esta problemática, lo que hace necesario realizar acciones que contribuyan a su solución. El desarrollo de esta investigación se realizó con el método inductivo para elevar a conclusiones generales desde conocimientos particulares, y el método sistemático para identificar los componentes de este derecho, mediante una investigación bibliográfica basada en el análisis de artículos científicos y doctrina referente a los temas tratados en el presente trabajo.
Социальные медиа как инструмент политического участия и противоборства
Authors: Брега А.В. , Брега Г.В. 
Published: October 2024

В настоящей статье основное внимание уделяется использованию социальных медиа и социальных сетей как каналов политического участия и политической дестабилизации, что в свою очередь создает различные политические риски. Соответственно осмысление различных приёмов, методов и средств повышения рискогенности политического процесса посредством социальных медиа и сетей позволяют совершенствовать и разрабатывать новые механизмы противодействия росту политической напряжённости и неопределенности.
This article focuses on the use of social media and social networks as channels of political participation and political destabilization, which in turn creates various political risks. Accordingly, understanding various techniques, methods and meansof increasing the riskiness of the political process through social media and networksmakes it possible to improve and develop new mechanismsto counter the growth of political tension and uncertainty.
Возрождение и развитие экономической элиты в процессе китайской модернизации: развитие социальной структуры и её особенности
Authors: Ли Ч. , Комендантов И.С. 
Published: October 2024

В данном исследовании анализируются возникновение, эволюция и характеристики экономических элит в контексте модернизации китайского общества с акцентом на изменения в социальной структуре. После начала реформ и политики открытости китайское общество претерпело трансформацию от высокоцентрализованной структуры с преобладанием политической элиты к более сложной системе, включающей диверсифицированные экономические элиты. На основе марксистской теории классов, теории поля Пьера Бурдье и институционализма исследование систематически анализирует процесс Возрождения экономических элит и их социальные функции. Через исторический анализ, теоретическое обоснование и изучение конкретных примеров, статья подчеркивает значительную роль экономических элит в распределении социальных ресурсов, формировании институциональной среды и развитии социальной структуры. Выясняется, что экономические элиты формируются преимущественно двумя путями: через циркуляцию элит и их воспроизводство. Их социальная структура характеризуется расслоением и коммерциализацией интересов. В статье отмечается, что развитие экономических элит ограничено социалистической системой, однако оно также отражает эволюцию китайского общества к диверсифицированной структуре власти. Данное исследование предлагает новую перспективу для понимания мобильности социальных классов и социальной структуры в Китае, а также является значимым для анализа социальных конфликтов и моделей интересов в современном китайском обществе.
This study examines the emergence, evolution, and characteristics of economic elites within the context of Chinese societal modernization, focusing on changes in social structure. Following the initiation of reforms and the open-door policy, Chinese society transitioned from a highly centralized structure dominated by political elites to a more complex system incorporating diversified economic elites. Grounded in Marxist class theory, Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, and institutionalism, the research systematically analyzes the process of economic elite revival and their social functions. Through historical analysis, theoretical substantiation, and case studies, the article emphasizes the significant role of economic elites in the distribution of social resources, the formation of the institutional environment, and the development of social structure. The study reveals that economic elites are primarily formed through two mechanisms: elite circulation and reproduction. Their social structure is characterized by stratification and commercialization of interests. The article notes that while the development of economic elites is constrained by the socialist system, it also reflects the evolution of Chinese society towards a diversified power structure. This research offers a novel perspective for understanding social class mobility and social structure in China, and is significant for analyzing social conflicts and interest patterns in contemporary Chinese society.
Comprehensive investigations on defects’ stability caused lateral charge loss in Ti-doped 3D NAND
Authors: Wang Fei , Yu Hongchen , Lv Xue , Wang Zhicheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The comprehensive investigations on defects’ stability caused lateral charge loss are investigated in Ti-doped 3D NAND. The detailed study shows that the Ti-doping strategy could reduce pre-existing shallow traps in pure Si3N4. The stability of TiSi and Tii defects are observed under program/erase stress, but unstable TiN defects with shallow-trap levels (0.41 eV) also occur. Based on unstable defects, the device simulations are carried out revealing its effects on lateral charge loss, which indicates that TiN defects should be reduced for reliability. Our results strongly suggest the stability of Ti-related defects could be key points for lateral charge loss.
Pergeseran Makna Kata Antum Dalam Interaksi Sosial Santri Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Qulub Polagan Galis Pamekasan
Authors: Ainur Rizqi Alfi , Veri Setiawan Ahmad , Varah Adibah El fu'adi Alvi , Murteza Muhammad Ali , Fakhriyah Sani 
Published: October 2024

<p style="text-align: justify;">Dhamir or in Indonesian is known as pronouns. In Arabic, dhamir itself is an isim ma'rifah which is used to represent the mention of something, someone, or a group. This study aims to describe two main aspects, namely how santri use the word antum in daily interactions, and the relationship between the use of the word antum and the attitude of language politeness. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research data were obtained through participant observation and unstructured interview methods, the population of the object of this research is all active students in the Miftahul Qulub Polagan Galis Pamekasan Islamic boarding school, and 30 samples were taken. The informants of this research were 25 active students from the Miftahul Qulub Polagan Galis Pamekasan Islamic boarding school and there were 5 informants who had the status of being active teachers and administrators at the Miftahul Qulub Polagan Galis Pamekasan Islamic boarding school. Data processing was carried out by researchers using triangulation in the form of triangulation of methods, and triangulation of data sources. The results showed that First, this word is used as a pronoun to refer to the second male person in the plural. In the context of nahwu which is the grammatical rule of Arabic. Second, the word antum is used as a word of greeting to older individuals and individuals who are respected and respected. Third, the use of the word antum by santri is not only a functional communication tool, but also reflects the values of politeness in their culture. this research provides an in-depth understanding of how the word antum not only functions as a communication tool, but also as an expression of politeness values in the daily interactions of the santri.</p>
Інформаційний web-ресурс системи дистанційної освіти дорослих: досвід роботи в екстремальних умовах
Authors: Кашина Ганна , Макієвський Олексій , Бараник Зоя , Громоздова Лариса , Лисечко Євгеній 
Published: October 2024

В сучасний період йде активна робота з впровадження та розвитку дистанційної андрагогічної освіти в Україні. Це зумовлено багатьма факторами. Основний поштовх тотального впровадження дистанційної освіти для дорослих дала пандемія COVID-19, що змусила працювати в екстремальних умовах, досягати виконання навчальних програм за допомогою електронного інформаційного ресурсу, дистанційних технологій навчання. Після пандемії, війна поставила новий виклик для розвитку дистанційної освіти в андрагогіці Україні. Система підготовки та перепідготовки кадрів, «Університет третього покоління», що існували на базі Національного авіаційного університету у м. Київ, основна мета якої – підвищення рівня конкурентоздатності і соціального самозахисту населення на ринку праці, - з початком пандемії COVID-19 радикально реформували методичне забезпечення навчального процесу для дорослих, зробив акцент на використання WEB-ресурсу, інтелектуальних технологій навчання. Досвід андрагогіки, що є отриманим в умовах форс-мажору пандемії стає корисним зараз, коли війна несе постійну загрозу життю здобувачів освіти
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ И ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА СТЕРИЛИЗАЦИИ ПТИЧЬЕГО ПОМЕТА И ПРОИЗВОДСТВА КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО УДОБРЕНИЯ
Authors: Орынбаев Нурсултан , Нургожаев Серик , Алдабергенов Марат , Сейпаталиев Олжас , Янков Михо 
Published: October 2024

Приведены результаты анализа методов переработки птичьего помета и производства новой продукции, а также качества входных и выходных продуктов.
Приведены показатели процесса ультрафиолетового излучения и низкотемпературного пиролиза отходов в зависимости от степени нагревания и температуры обработки биомассы.
Приведены результаты анализов проведенной переработки птичьего помета, предусматривающей обработку помета процессом ультрафиолетового излучения и низкотемпературного пиролиза, и полученный биоуголь для производства новой комплексной продукции со смешиванием с биоактивной средой в жидком виде.
Установлены параметры предлагаемой интенсивной технологии, заключающиеся в полной утилизации микроорганизмов в составе птичьего помета, обработке ультрафиолетовым излучением в течение 6-8 минут на вибротранспортере длиной около 6 м, а также низкотемпературном пиролизес продолжительностью 6-8 минут, при температуре 250-350°С, и получении биоугля, сохранившего полезные качества активатора биохимических процессов с последующим смешиванием биоактивной средой для производства комплексной продукции в жидком виде.
Применение комплексного органического удобрения дает возможность увеличения плодородия почвы до 3-5 раз и снижение выбросов парниковых газов до 60%. Обеспечивает пористость, насыпную плотность, агрегативную устойчивость, гидравлическую проводимость, способность удержания воды и увеличение питательных веществ в составе почв, и микробная активность в конечном результате приведет к повышения плодородия.
Measuring 60 pc-scale Star Formation Rate of the Nearby Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1068 with ALMA, HST, VLT/MUSE, and VLA
Authors: Nagashima Yuzuki , Saito Toshiki , Ikarashi Soh , Takano Shuro , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Harada Nanase , Nakajima Taku , Taniguchi Akio , Tosaki Tomoka , Bamba Kazuharu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The star formation rate (SFR) is a fundamental parameter for describing galaxies and inferring their evolutionary course. H ii regions yield the best measure of instantaneous SFR in galaxies, although the derived SFR can have large uncertainties depending on tracers and assumptions. We present an SFR calibration for the entire molecular gas disk of the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068, based on our new high-sensitivity Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array 100 GHz continuum data at 55 pc (= 0.″8) resolution in combination with the Hubble Space Telescope Paα line data. In this calibration, we account for the spatial variations of dust extinction, electron temperature of H ii regions, AGN contamination, and diffuse ionized gas (DIG) based on publicly available multiwavelength data. Especially, given the extended nature and the possible nonnegligible contribution to the total SFR, a careful consideration of DIG is essential. With a cross-calibration between two corrected ionized gas tracers (free–free continuum and Paα), the total SFR of the NGC 1068 disk is estimated to be 3.2 ± 0.5 M
⊙ yr−1, one-third of the SFR without accounting for DIG (9.1 ± 1.4 M
⊙ yr−1). We confirmed a high SFR around the southern bar end and the corotation radius, which is consistent with the previous SFR measurements. In addition, our total SFR exceeds the total SFR based on 8 μm dust emission by a factor of 1.5. We attribute this discrepancy to the differences in the young stars at different stages of evolution traced by each tracer and their respective timescales. This study provides an example to address the various uncertainties in conventional SFR measurements and their potential to lead to significant SFR miscalculations.