bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-depth mixed-method case study to assess how to support and communicate with the families of hospitalised patients during COVID-19: a social innovation embedded in clinical teams
Authors: Normandin Louise , Vialaron Cécile , Guemghar Imane , Sales Justine , Fleury Danielle , Malas Kathy , Wong Caroline , Brunet Fabrice , Pomey Marie-Pascale 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to describe and evaluate, in a real-life context, the support and communicate with families (SCF) team’s contribution to maintaining communication and supporting relatives when patients are at the end of their lives by mobilising the points of view of SCF team members, healthcare professionals, managers and the relatives themselves.DesignAn in-depth mixed-method case study (quantitative and qualitative). Individual interviews were conducted with members of the SCF team to assess the activities and areas for improvement and with co-managers of active COVID-19 units. Healthcare professionals and managers completed a questionnaire to assess the contribution made by the SCF team. Hospitalised patients’ relatives completed a questionnaire on their experience with the SCF team.SettingThe study was conducted in a university teaching hospital in the province of Québec, Canada.ParticipantsMembers of the SCF team, healthcare professionals, managers and relatives of hospitalised patients.ResultsBetween April and July 2020, 131 telephone communications with families and healthcare professionals, 43 support sessions for relatives of end-of-life patients and 35 therapeutic humanitarian visits were carried out by members of the SCF team. Team members felt that they had played an active role in humanising care. Fully 83.1% of the healthcare professionals and managers reported that the SCF team’s work had met the relatives’ needs, while 15.1% believed that the SCF team should be maintained after the pandemic. Fully 95% of the relatives appreciated receiving the telephone calls and visits, while 82% felt that the visits had positive effects on hospitalised patients.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic forced the introduction of a social innovation involving support for and communication with families. The intention of this innovation was to support the complexity of highly emotional situations experienced by families during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Profiles and associated factors of prenatal psychological symptoms and their association with health-related quality of life among pregnant women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huo Lanting , Li Xiaomei , Yu Xingfeng , Nisar Anum , Yang Lei 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo cluster prenatal psychological symptoms into different profiles and investigate prenatal psychological symptoms’ sociodemographic, health-related and pregnancy-related factors. Furthermore, health-related quality of life was compared across prenatal psychological symptom profiles.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingObstetrics clinics of two university-affiliated, governmental, tertiary hospitals in Xi’an City, Northwestern China.ParticipantsBetween June and August 2020, 1020 pregnant women who maintained their health assessment appointments at the two research sites participated in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThis study’s primary outcome was the creation of latent profiles of prenatal psychological symptoms. These were represented by the coexisting symptoms of three common psychological disorders: depression measured using the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire, anxiety measured using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 and stress measured using the Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale. Secondary outcomes included potential sociodemographic, health-related and pregnancy-related factors associated with prenatal psychological symptoms, which were measured using a researcher-designed information sheet, and health-related quality of life, measured using the 5-Level EuroQol 5-Dimension questionnaire.ResultsPrenatal psychological symptoms were classified into three latent profiles using latent profile analysis: low (62.9%), moderate (31.3%) and severe (5.8%). Factors associated with the severity of prenatal psychological symptoms included age, relationship with partner, relationship with mother-in-law, history of gynaecological diseases, history of dysmenorrhoea, stage of pregnancy, unplanned pregnancy, severity of vomiting symptoms and abnormal pregnancy indicators. Moreover, an inverse association was identified between the severity of prenatal psychological symptoms and health-related quality of life.ConclusionsConsidering the high prevalence of prenatal psychological symptoms and their adverse effects on health-related quality of life, the assessment of prenatal psychological symptoms should be integrated into prenatal healthcare and made routine practice. Investigating the relevant associated factors would be beneficial for identifying vulnerable individuals.
Breastfeeding trajectories for preterm infants over the first 6 months of life in England 2010–2020: surveys using large representative birth samples
Authors: Levene Ilana , Harrison Sian , Alderdice Fiona , Quigley Maria A 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundBreastmilk is the optimal source of nutrition for infants, particularly preterm infants. Preterm infants face unique feeding challenges and these change with the birth gestation of the infant. Preterm infants’ feeding outcomes may have been affected differently than term infants by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The objective of this study was to describe the feeding trajectories of preterm infants in the first 6 months of life compared with term infants and compare these across prepandemic and pandemic periods.MethodsData were extracted from the 2010 UK Infant Feeding Survey and the English National Maternity Surveys of 2018 and 2020. Original survey weights were used. Infants were divided by gestation into term (37+0 to 42+6 weeks’ postmenstrual age), late preterm (34+0 to 36+6 weeks’ postmenstrual age) and a lower gestation group (23+0 to 33+6 weeks’ postmenstrual age). Modified Poisson regression, log-rank tests and survival curves were used to analyse feeding outcomes by gestational age.ResultsLate preterm infants had lower adjusted relative risk (aRR) of exclusive breastmilk at 6 weeks of age compared with term infants in 2010 and 2020 but not in 2018. In 2010, aRR was 0.47 (95% CI 0.29 to 0.74), in 2018 aRR was 0.86 (95% CI 0.67 to 1.10) and in 2020 aRR was 0.57 (95% CI 0.41 to 0.81). There was no evidence of differences in feeding outcomes between infants born less than 34 weeks’ postmenstrual age and term infants.ConclusionLate preterm infants had worse breastfeeding outcomes than term infants in 2010, but the inequity was reduced or eliminated in 2018. In 2020, during the early SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the inequity had re-emerged. Late preterm infants appear to be a particularly vulnerable population in relation to breast feeding. In future emergencies and natural disasters, late preterm infants should receive additional focus and resources to support breastfeeding establishment.
Partial regression of conventional renal cell carcinoma displays markers of wound repair
Authors: Domonkos Lilla , Yusenko Maria , Kovacs Gyula , Banyai Daniel 
Published: October 2024

AimsDuring detailed analysis of H&E-stained histological slides of 710 unbiased conventional renal cell carcinomas (cRCCs), 141 tumours displayed partial regressive changes showing strong similarity to that of wound healing. We aimed to analyse the molecular processes occurring in regressive tumours.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was applied to analyse the signalling molecules in 12 selected tumours, and statistical analysis was used to estimate the correlation between regression and the outcome of the disease.ResultsThe regressive areas displayed inflammatory granulation tissue expressing transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1), interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 (IL1B and IL6), proliferation of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) positive naïve activated fibroblasts and a diffuse fibronectin 1 (FN1) network. In the central areas of regressive tissues, parallel-running myofibroblasts showed FN1, collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) and collagen type III alpha 1 (COL3A1) positive immunoreaction. Partial tumour regression is associated with a better postoperative course of the disease.ConclusionsPartial regression is a frequent event in cRCCs. Recognising complex molecular processes involved in tumour regression might help to find a way towards ‘healing’ cRCC.
Onyx embolization for salvage hemostasis after intraoperative rupture
Authors: Lee Ryan Patrick , Diaz Orlando , Gonzalez L Fernando 
Published: October 2024

Video 1 shows three cases of intraoperative rupture during aneurysm coiling. Management of intraoperative aneurysm rupture is reviewed in brief, including reversal of anticoagulation/antiplatelets, intracranial pressure control, and rapid balloon deployment for control across the aneurysm neck. However, in all three cases, contrast extravasation continues despite aneurysm coiling, reversal of anticoagulation, and maximizing medical management. This is presumed to occur when the neck of the aneurysm is the site of rupture. We review the use of a salvage technique that can be considered as a last-ditch maneuver in these scenarios, which is deployment of Onyx liquid embolic (Medtronic). Onyx is the preferred liquid embolic for this use as it is cohesive instead of adhesive. The solvent used with Onyx, dimethyl sulfoxide, is also compatible with standard balloons.1 This is relevant because a balloon is needed both for control of hemorrhage during salvage embolization and for protection of the parent vessel from the embolic material.Video 1Demonstrating the technique of Onyx embolization for salvage hemostasis after intraoperative aneurysm rupture during coiling. Three example cases are shown.
Rescue techniques for intravascular mechanical obstruction following Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device detachment
Authors: Zhu Haoyu , Zhang Yupeng , Liang Shikai , Jiang Chuhan 
Published: October 2024

The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device is a well established treatment for bifurcation aneurysms.1–6 However, failed detachment after deployment can present significant challenges. In this technical video (video 1), we report on a patient with a left middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation aneurysm treated with the WEB device. Despite satisfactory deployment, multiple detachment attempts were unsuccessful. After repeated maneuvers, the WEB was finally detached but slightly protruded from the aneurysm sac, compromising blood flow in the superior branch of the MCA. Even after placing an Atlas stent, blood flow was not restored. Ultimately, using a microguidewire and microcatheter, we repositioned the protruded WEB device back into the aneurysm sac, successfully restoring blood flow. This case illustrates that the Atlas stent provides limited support for the WEB device. In similar situations, gently repositioning the protruded WEB back into the aneurysm sac may be a remedial measure.Video 1Technical video demonstrating rescue techniques for managing intravascular mechanical obstruction following detachment of the WEB device
A new model describing improved bound-state and statistical properties in the framework of deformed Schrödinger equation for the improved Coshine Yukawa potential in 3D-NR(NCPS) symmetries
Authors: Maireche Abdelmadjid 
Published: October 2024

In this paper, within the three-dimensional non-relativistic non-commutative phase–space (3D-NR(NCPS)) symmetries, we examined the 3D deformed Schrödinger equation (3D-DSE) using the improved Coshine Yukawa potential (ICYP) model composed from Coshine Yukawa potential (CYP) ([Formula: see text]) and other terms produced from the effect of phase–space deformation ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]). For this study, the 3D-DSE in the 3D-NR(NCPS) symmetry is solved and discussed with standard independent time perturbation theory and the generalized Bopp’s shifts method. For the homogeneous (H2 and N2) and heterogeneous (LiH, ScH, and HCL) diatomic molecules, it is obtained that the improved non-relativistic energy equation and eigenfunction for the ICYP in the presence of deformation phase–space are dependent on the discrete atomic quantum numbers ([Formula: see text],m), the dissociation energy [Formula: see text], the equilibrium bond length the screening parameter [Formula: see text], the deformation phase parameters ([Formula: see text]) and the deformation space parameters ([Formula: see text]). Additionally, the thermal properties of the CYP and ICYP with 3D Schrödinger equation (3D-SE) and 3D-DSE are thoroughly examined in the three-dimensional non-relativistic quantum mechanics (3D-NR(QM)) known in the literature symmetry and 3D-NR(NCPS) symmetries, including the partition function, mean energy, free energy, specific heat, and entropy. Furthermore, we discussed particular cases of thermodynamic characteristics for the ICYP model. In our study, we have shown that all the physical values related to energy and thermodynamic properties within the framework of the 3D(NR)NCPS symmetry are equal to the corresponding values within the framework of 3D-NR(QM) symmetry known in the literature, in addition to minor effects resulting from their interaction with the topological properties of the deformed phase–space. This study has multiple applications in various domains, including atomic and molecular physics.
Fermi surface renormalization group
Authors: Shankar R. 
Published: October 2024

The low energy manifold for fermions at finite density is the Fermi surface. I describe renormalization group (RG) in which modes encountered on approaching the Fermi surface are systematically integrated out. The fixed point is described by strictly marginal coupling functions identified as the Landau parameters and marginally relevant coupling functions describing the BCS instability in various angular momentum channels.
Extraction of Knowledge Models from Textbooks
Authors: Alpizar-Chacon Isaac 
Published: October 2024

Isaac Alpizar-Chacon is an assistant professor in the Software Technology for Learning and Teaching group at the Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University. In addition to his primary role, he is also an associate professor at the Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. His research interests focus on the impact of GenAI tools in computing education, the integration of these tools into the classroom, the teaching and learning of computational thinking skills, and knowledge extraction. Dr. Alpizar-Chacon holds a MSc degree in Computer Science from Saarland University (Saarbrücken, Germany) and a PhD degree in Information and Computing Sciences from Utrecht University (Utrecht, Netherlands).
Homepage: https://isaacalpizar.info/
Comparative Analysis of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Characterization Among Different Parts of Catharanthus roseus: In Vitro and In Silico Investigation
Authors: Hira Farjana Akter , Islam Ashekul , Mitra Kanika , Bithi Ummey Hafsa , Ahmed Khondoker Shahin , Islam Sanzida , Abdullah Shaike Mohammad , Uddin Md. Nazim 
Published: October 2024

Background: The study investigates the antioxidant properties of Catharanthus roseus, focusing on identifying its antioxidant compounds and chemical constituents. We compare antioxidant activities across its root, stem, flower, and leaf and examine the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS)–generating enzymes by the plant’s phytocompounds.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis that included proximate analysis, mineral content assessment, and in vitro antioxidant characterization of various plant parts—root, stem, flower, and leaf. The levels of bioactive phytochemicals in both ethanol and mixed‐solvent extracts of Catharanthus roseus were quantified using high‐performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC‐DAD). Additionally, we performed molecular docking studies to explore the interactions of quantified phytocompounds.Results: HPLC‐DAD analysis quantified catechin hydrate, catechol, (−) epicatechin, rutin hydrate, trans‐cinnamic acid, quercetin, vanillic acid, kaempferol, and trans‐ferulic acid in Catharanthus roseus. Despite the ethanol extract having higher total antioxidant properties and flavonoid content, the mixed‐solvent extract exhibited higher EC50 for reducing power and lower IC50 for ABTS, 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and metal chelating activities. Molecular docking studies indicated that compounds such as catechin, rutin, epicatechin, quercetin, and kaempferol significantly inhibit the ROS‐generating enzyme microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES‐1).Conclusions: The mixed‐solvent extract had higher levels of catechin hydrate, rutin hydrate, trans‐ferulic acid, and vanillic acid, whereas the ethanol extract contained more (−) epicatechin, catechol, kaempferol, quercetin, and trans‐cinnamic acid. While the extracts displayed antioxidant activity, the phytoconstituents also inhibited ROS‐generating mPGES‐1. These results identify key compounds with potential for developing new chemotherapeutic agents against ROS.
Serum Concentration at 24 h With Intensive Beta‐Lactam Therapy in Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Prospective Study
Authors: Thériault Evelyne , Benali Massilia , Starnino Samuel , Blain Hugues , Goettel Nicolas , Beloin-Jubinville Bianca , Marsot Amélie , Lamontagne Francois 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Early administration of appropriate antibiotics has been shown to be among the most effective interventions to reduce mortality in septic patients. We evaluated the attainment of efficacy and safety targets at 24 h associated with the use of intensive beta‐lactam therapy in patients admitted to the intensive care unit for sepsis.Methods: This was a prospective study with patients who received beta‐lactams for sepsis or septic shock between February 2023 and September 2023. The antibiotic dose was unadjusted for renal function and administered by a loading dose followed by extended infusions, according to local practices. Blood samples were taken at the trough 24 h after the start of the beta‐lactam to obtain serum levels. These levels were compared to efficacy and innocuity thresholds found in the literature.Results: Among 36 included patients, all of them achieved serum concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for 100% of the therapeutic interval and 75% of them achieved serum concentrations above four times the MIC for 100% of the therapeutic interval. The predefined toxicity thresholds were reached by 8.3% of patients. Renal impairment was the factor most associated with the achievement of higher serum levels.Conclusion: Nonrenally adjusted doses of beta‐lactams administered by extended infusion showed good attainment of effective concentrations and few toxic concentrations in critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock. Further studies are needed to better define the association between toxic concentrations and toxicity manifestations.
Twenty Years of Sustained Improvement in Quality of Care and Outcomes for Patients Hospitalized With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: Data From The Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Program
Authors: Xian Ying , Li Shen , Jiang Tian , Beon Chandler D. , Poudel Remy , Thomas Kathie , Reeves Mathew J. , Smith Eric E. , Saver Jeffrey L. , Sheth Kevin N. , Messé Steven R. , Schwamm Lee H. , Fonarow Gregg C. 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
The Get With The Guidelines-Stroke program is a quality improvement initiative designed to enhance adherence to evidence-based stroke care. Since its inception in 2003, over 2800 hospitals in the United States have participated in the program.

METHODS:
We examined patient characteristics, adherence to performance measures, and in-hospital outcomes in patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attack in The Get With The Guidelines-Stroke hospitals from 2003 through 2022. We quantified temporal changes in performance measure adherence and clinical outcomes over time. Performance measure denominators consisted of patients who were eligible, excluding those with contraindications.

RESULTS:

Over the 20 years of the program, a total of 7837 849 stroke cases (median age 71 years, 51.0% female; 69.2% ischemic strokes, 3.9% SAHs, 11.5% ICHs, and 15.3% TIAs) were entered into the registry. Except for antithrombotics at discharge, in which the baseline performance was >92%, there was sustained improvement in all performance metrics regardless of type of cerebrovascular event (
P
<0.01 for all). In patients with acute ischemic stroke, large improvements were observed for anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation (55.7% in 2003 to 97.2% in 2022), smoking cessation counseling (44.7%–97.8%), dysphagia screening (53.8%–83.5%), thrombolytic treatment for patients arriving by 3.5 hours, treat by 4.5 hours (15.2%–92.9%), door-to-needle time within 60 minutes (19.0%–75.3%), and endovascular door-to-puncture time within 90 minutes (54.7%–62.8%). Similar improvements were also observed for measures relevant to patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attack. Multivariable analysis showed that there was a sustained increase in odds of receiving each performance measure over time, independent of patient and hospital characteristics for each type of cerebrovascular event. After risk adjustment, there were temporal trends that patients were less likely to be discharged to a skilled nursing facility, and, for ischemic stroke only, more likely to be discharged directly home.

CONCLUSIONS:
During the first 20 years, Get With The Guidelines-Stroke participation was associated with sustained improvement in evidence-based care and outcomes for patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack in the United States.
Using fMRI to examine nonlinear mixed selectivity tuning to task and category in the human brain
Authors: Taylor JohnMark , Xu Yaoda 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recent experimental and theoretical work has shown that nonlinear mixed selectivity, where neurons exhibit interaction effects in their tuning to multiple variables (e.g., stimulus and task), plays a key role in enabling the primate brain to form representations that can adapt to changing task contexts. Thus far, all such studies have relied on invasive neural recording techniques. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of measuring nonlinear mixed selectivity tuning in the human brain noninvasively using fMRI pattern decoding. To do so, we examined the joint representation of object category and task information across human early, ventral stream, and dorsal stream areas while participants performed either an oddball detection task or a one-back repetition detection task on the same stimuli. These tasks were chosen to equate spatial, object-based, and feature-based attention, in order to test whether task modulations of visual representations still occur when the inputs to visual processing are kept constant between the two tasks, with only the subsequent cognitive operations varying. We found moderate but significant evidence for nonlinear mixed selectivity tuning to object category and task in fMRI response patterns in both human ventral and dorsal areas, suggesting that neurons exhibiting nonlinear mixed selectivity for category and task not only exist in these regions, but also cluster at a scale visible to fMRI. Importantly, while such coding in ventral areas corresponds to a rotation or shift in the object representational geometry without changing the representational content (i.e., with the relative similarity among the categories preserved), nonlinear mixed selectivity coding in dorsal areas corresponds to a reshaping of representational geometry, indicative of a change in representational content.