bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Well‐being and academic achievement in secondary school pupils: The unique effects of burnout and engagement
Authors: Cadime Irene , Pinto Alexandra Marques , Lima Sara , Rego Sara , Pereira Joana , Ribeiro Iolanda 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThe main goal of this study was to examine the relationship among burnout, engagement, well‐being, and academic performance in Portuguese secondary school pupils. The existence of gender related differences in these relationships was also investigated. The sample was composed of 489 pupils who attended an academic track at secondary school. Results of multi‐group structural equation modelling indicated that higher levels of cynicism towards studies were associated with lower academic achievement. Exhaustion was not uniquely related to the adolescents' academic achievement or well‐being. However, higher levels of engagement, namely dedication and vigour, were related to higher levels of well‐being. Moreover, vigour was also uniquely associated with academic achievement. The results were similar for boys and girls. Implications for intervention and future research are discussed.
Association between sexting and sexual coercion among female adolescents
Authors: Choi HyeJeong , Van Ouytsel Joris , Temple Jeff R. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate whether experiences of offline sexual coercion are associated with adolescent females’ involvement in different types of sexting behaviors. It draws on data from 450 ethnically diverse female adolescents with an average age of 19.02 years (SD = 0.74) who were originally recruited in southeast Texas. The participants were asked about their experiences with sexual coercion, and their engagement in sexting behavior (i.e., sending, requesting, and being asked for a sext, and receiving a sext without giving permission). Logistic regressions were used to analyze these relationships, while controlling for age, ethnicity, education level, living situation, and sexting behaviors in the year prior of the study. Offline sexual coercion was significantly associated with sending and being asked for a naked image, as well as receiving a naked image without giving permission. The results suggest that sexting could function as an online extension of offline forms of sexual coercion.
Blood‐brain barrier failure as a core mechanism in cerebral small vessel disease and dementia: evidence from a cohort study
Authors: Wardlaw Joanna M. , Makin Stephen J. , Valdés Hernández Maria C. , Armitage Paul A. , Heye Anna K. , Chappell Francesca M. , Muñoz‐Maniega Susana , Sakka Eleni , Shuler Kirsten , Dennis Martin S. , Thrippleton Michael J. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIntroductionSmall vessel disease (SVD) is a common contributor to dementia. Subtle blood‐brain barrier (BBB) leakage may be important in SVD‐induced brain damage.MethodsWe assessed imaging, clinical variables, and cognition in patients with mild (i.e., nondisabling) ischemic lacunar or cortical stroke. We analyzed BBB leakage, interstitial fluid, and white matter integrity using multimodal tissue‐specific spatial analysis around white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We assessed predictors of 1 year cognition, recurrent stroke, and dependency.ResultsIn 201 patients, median age 67 (range 34–97), BBB leakage, and interstitial fluid were higher in WMH than normal‐appearing white matter; leakage in normal‐appearing white matter increased with proximity to WMH (P < .0001), with WMH severity (P = .033), age (P = .03), and hypertension (P < .0001). BBB leakage in WMH predicted declining cognition at 1 year.DiscussionBBB leakage increases in normal‐appearing white matter with WMH and predicts worsening cognition. Interventions to reduce BBB leakage may prevent SVD‐associated dementia.
Report of periprocedural oral anticoagulants in catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: The Japanese Catheter Ablation Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (J‐CARAF)
Authors: Murakawa Yuji , Nogami Akihiko , Shoda Morio , Inoue Koichi , Naito Shigeto , Kumagai Koichiro , Miyauchi Yasushi , Yamane Teiichi , Morita Norishige , Mitamura Hideo , Okumura Ken , Hirao Kenzo ,   Japanese Heart Rhythm Society Members
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundTo obtain a perspective of the current status of catheter ablation for the cure of atrial fibrillation, the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society conducted a nationwide survey: the Japanese Catheter Ablation Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. In this report, we aimed to evaluate the periprocedural use of direct oral anticoagulants with respect to thromboembolic or bleeding complications.MethodsUsing an online questionnaire, the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society requested electrophysiology centers in Japan to register the relevant data of patients who underwent atrial fibrillation ablation over selected five‐months from 2011 to 2014. We compared the clinical profiles and the ablation data, including the incidence of pericardial effusion, major bleeding, and ischemic stroke among patients with periprocedural use of warfarin or a direct oral anticoagulant.ResultsA total of 204 institutions reported data on 6200 atrial fibrillation ablation sessions. We analyzed data obtained from 4698 subjects (Age 63.2±10.6 yr; 73.9% male, 26.1% female) who were administered warfarin or a direct oral anticoagulant, at least up to the day before atrial fibrillation ablation. Warfarin was administered to 54.7% of patients. Dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban were used in 21.9%, 12.9%, and 10.6% of patients, respectively. Clinical profiles of apixaban‐treated patients were similar to those of warfarin‐treated patients; they were different from the clinical profiles of patients treated with dabigatran or rivaroxaban. There were 104 complications in 103 subjects (2.2%). Complications were more frequent in older patients (65.3±8.6 yr vs. 63.1±10.7 yr; P=0.012), patients on chronic hemodialysis (4.9% vs. 1.1%; P=0.001), or those treated with warfarin (66.0% vs. 54.4%; P=0.019). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR, 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00–1.04; P=0.035), chronic hemodialysis (OR, 4.40; CI: 1.68–11.50; P=0.003), and assistance by 3‐D mapping system (OR, 0.30; CI: 0.16–0.57; P<0.001) were significantly related to the incidence of complications, while periprocedural direct oral anticoagulant was not a predictive factor for complication.ConclusionsCompared with uninterrupted warfarin, the choice of a direct oral anticoagulant as a periprocedural oral anticoagulant did not significantly change the incidence of serious complications.
Diplopods as Soil Bioindicators of Toxicity After Application of Residues From Sewage Treatment Plants and Ethanol Industry
Authors: Christofoletti Cintya A. , Francisco Annelise , Pedro-Escher Janaína , Gastaldi Vinícius D. , Fontanetti Carmem S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractResidues like sewage sludge and vinasse have been reused as agricultural fertilizers, but they also present a potential to contaminate soils. Diplopods have been considered excellent bioindicators of soil contamination. In the present study,Rhinocricus padbergiwere used to assess toxicity in samples of sewage sludge, biosolids, and sugarcane vinasse. The behavioral analysis, mortality rate, and histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural analyses of the midgut of diplopods were the parameters evaluated. Behaviorally, some diplopods avoided burying themselves after 30 days in soil with biosolid or vinasse. Besides, certain residue combinations were able to cause death of all individuals between 60 and 90 days of exposure. The main tissue responses were significant brush border thickening, induction of epithelial renovation, clustering of hemocytes, accumulation of cytoplasmic granules in hepatic cells, hepatic cells with heteropycnotic nuclei, and cytoplasmic degradation. Alterations were observed at various levels among treatments with different samples and exposure times. Ultrastructural analysis revealed elongation of microvilli coated with a layer of an amorphous substance, resulting in a thicker brush border as observed in the histological analysis. After 30 days of exposure, animals showed an accumulation of spherocrystals in hepatic cells and high absorption of substances, based on the elongation of microvilli. Results obtained in the chemical analysis and the behaviors observed in diplopods suggest that animals processed the residues. Therefore, caution should be exercised in the disposal of these residues in agriculture.
Spectroscopic and Microscopic Study of Peroxyformic Pulping of Agave Waste
Authors: Hernández-Hernández Hilda M. , Chanona-Pérez Jorge J. , Vega Alberto , Ligero Pablo , Farrera-Rebollo Reynold R. , Mendoza-Pérez Jorge A. , Calderón-Domínguez Georgina , Vera Norma Güemes 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe peroxyformic process is based on the action of a carboxylic acid (mainly formic acid) and the corresponding peroxyacid. The influences of processing time (60–180 min), formic acid concentration (80–95%), temperature (60–80°C), and hydrogen peroxide concentration (2–4%) on peroxyformic pulping of agave leaves were studied by surface response methodology using a face-centered factorial design. Empirical models were obtained for the prediction of yield,κnumber (KN) and pulp viscosity as functions of the aforementioned variables. Mathematical optimization enabled us to select a set of operational variables that produced the best fractionation of the material with the following results: pulp yield (26.9%), KN (3.6), and pulp viscosity (777 mL/g). Furthermore, this work allowed the description and evaluation of changes to the agave fibers during the fractionation process using different microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, and provided a comprehensive and qualitative view of the phenomena occurring in the delignification of agave fibers. The use of confocal and scanning electron microscopy provided a detailed understanding of the microstructural changes to the lignin and cellulose in the fibers throughout the process, whereas Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that cellulose in the pulp after treatment was mainly of type I.
The Effect of Convective Overstability on Planet Disk Interactions
Authors: Klahr Hubert , Gomes Aiara Lobo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe run global two dimensional hydrodynamical simulations, using the PLUTO code and the planet-disk model of Uribe et al. 2011, to investigate the effect of the convective overstability (CO) on planet-disk interactions. First, we study the long-term evolution of planet-induced vortices. We found that the CO leads to smoother planetary gap edges, thus weaker planet-induced vortices. The main result was the observation of two generation of vortices, which can pose an explanation for the location of the vortex in the Oph IRS48 system. The lifetime of the primary vortices, as well as the birth time of the secondary vortices are shown to be highly dependent on the thermal relaxation timescale. Second, we study the long-term evolution of the migration of low mass planets and assess whether the CO can prevent the saturation of the horseshoe drag. We found that the disk parameters that favour slow inward or outward migration oppose the amplification of vortices, meaning that the CO does not seem to be a good mechanism to prevent the saturation of the horseshoe drag. On the other hand, we observed a planetary trap, caused by vortices formed in the horseshoe region. This trap may be an alternative mechanism to prevent the fast type I migration rates.
The Diversity of Low-mass Exoplanets Characterized via Transit Timing
Authors: Jontof-Hutter Daniel , Ford Eric B. , Rowe Jason F. , Lissauer Jack. J. , Fabrycky Daniel C. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTransit timing variations (TTV) in multi-transiting systems enables precise characterizations of low-mass planets and their orbits. The range of orbital periods and incident fluxes with detailed TTV constraints complements the radial velocity sample for low-mass planets, pushing exoplanet characterization to the regime sub-Earth size planets and out to Mercury-like distances. This has revealed an astonishing diversity in the density of super-Earth mass planets. We summarize these and other contributions to exoplanet science from TTVs.
Establishing the credibility of archaeoastronomical sites
Authors: Ruggles Clive 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn 2011, an attempt to nominate a prehistoric “observatory” site onto the World Heritage List proved unsuccessful because UNESCO rejected the interpretation as statistically and archaeologically unproven. The case highlights an issue at the heart of archaeoastronomical methodology and interpretation: the mere existence of astronomical alignments in ancient sites does not prove that they were important to those who constructed and used the sites, let alone giving us insights into their likely significance and meaning. The fact that more archaeoastronomical sites are now appearing on national tentative lists prior to their WHL nomination means that this is no longer just an academic issue; establishing the credibility of the archaeoastronomical interpretations is crucial to any assessment of their value in heritage terms.
An artificial Kepler dichotomy? Implications for the coplanarity of planetary systems
Authors: Bovaird Timothy , Lineweaver Charles H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe challenge the assumptions present in previous efforts to model the ensemble of detected Kepler systems, which require a dichotomous stellar population of ‘fertile’ and ‘sterile’ planet producing stars. We remove the assumption of Rayleigh distributed mutual inclinations between planets and show that the need for two distinct stellar populations disappears when the inner part of planetary disks are assumed to be flat, rather than flared.
Kepler Reliability and Occurrence Rates
Authors: Bryson Steve ,   The Kepler Team
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe Kepler mission has produced tables of exoplanet candidates (“KOI table”), as well as tables of transit detections (“TCE table”), hosted at the Exoplanet Archive (http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu). Transit detections in the TCE table that are plausibly due to a transiting object are selected for inclusion in the KOI table. KOI table entries that have not been identified as false positives (FPs) or false alarms (FAs) are classified as planet candidates (PCs, Mullally et al. 2015). A subset of PCs have been confirmed as planetary transits with greater than 99% probability, but most PCs have <99% probability of being true planets. The fraction of PCs that are true transiting planets is the PC reliability rate. The overall PC population is believed to have a reliability rate >90% (Morton & Johnson 2011).
Chemical diversity in the comet population
Authors: Biver Nicolas , Bockelée-Morvan Dominique 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFor the last 3 decades, infrared and microwave techniques have enabled the detection of up to 27 parent molecules in the coma of comets. Several molecules have been detected in over 40 different comets. A large diversity of composition is seen in the sample, comprising comets of various dynamical origins. Abundances relative to water for the molecules can vary by a factor 3 to more than 10. The taxonomic study of a sample of comets in which the abundance of several molecules (e.g., HCN, CH3OH, CO, CH4, C2H6, H2S, H2CO, CH3CN, CS, . . .) has been measured does not show any clear grouping. Except for fragments of a common parent comet, every observed comet shows a different composition. The absence of any clear correlation between the volatile content of the comets and their dynamical origin (Kuiper Belt versus Oort Cloud) is consistent with a common origin for these two populations. Their diversity in composition may also suggest that radial and temporal mixing in the early proto-planetary nebula may have played an important role.
Icy Dwarf Planets: Colored Popsicles in the Outer Solar System
Authors: Pinilla-Alonso Noemi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe update the list of candidates to be considered by the IAU as dwarf planets using the criterium suggested by Tancredi & Favre (2008). We add here the information collected in the last 10 years (mostly the sizes and albedos by the herschel hey program TNOs Are Cool). We compare the physical characteristics of these candidates with the physical characteristics of the rest of the TNOs. Our goal is to study if there are common physical properties among the candidates that enable the identification of a dwarf planet.
Water-Rock Differentiation of Icy Bodies by Darcy law, Stokes law, and Two-Phase Flow
Authors: Neumann Wladimir , Breuer Doris , Spohn Tilman 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe early Solar system produced a variety of bodies with different properties. Among the small bodies, objects that contain notable amounts of water ice are of particular interest. Water-rock separation on such worlds is probable and has been confirmed in some cases. We couple accretion and water-rock separation in a numerical model. The model is applicable to Ceres, icy satellites, and Kuiper belt objects, and is suited to assess the thermal metamorphism of the interior and the present-day internal structures. The relative amount of ice determines the differentiation regime according to porous flow or Stokes flow. Porous flow considers differentiation in a rock matrix with a small degree of ice melting and is typically modelled either with the Darcy law or two-phase flow. We find that for small icy bodies two-phase flow differs from the Darcy law. Velocities derived from two-phase flow are at least one order of magnitude smaller than Darcy velocities. The latter do not account for the matrix resistance against the deformation and overestimate the separation velocity. In the Stokes regime that should be used for large ice fractions, differentiation is at least four orders of magnitude faster than porous flow with the parameters used here.
CO isotopologue ratios in the solar photosphere
Authors: Lyons James R. , Gharib-Nezhad Ehsan , Ayres Thomas R. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe re-evaluate the CO dipole moment function in order to obtain more accurate isotope ratios for the solar photosphere using previous infrared observations. We used a new set of dipole moments from HITEMP which were accurately determined by both semi-empirical and ab initio methods. Preliminary values of isotope ratios using the new dipole moments are in better agreement with the inferred photosphere values from Genesis, showing that the solar photosphere is isotopically similar to primitive inclusions in meteorites.
Laboratory constraints on ice formation, restructuring and desorption
Authors: Öberg Karin I. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIces form on the surfaces of interstellar and circumstellar dust grains though freeze-out of molecules and atoms from the gas-phase followed by chemical reactions. The composition, chemistry, structure and desorption properties of these ices regulate two important aspects of planet formation: the locations of major condensation fronts in protoplanetary disks (i.e. snow lines) and the formation efficiencies of complex organic molecules in astrophysical environments. The latter regulates the availability of prebiotic material on nascent planets. With ALMA it is possible to directly observe both (CO) snowlines and complex organics in protoplanetary disks. The interpretation of these observations requires a detailed understanding of the fundamental ice processes that regulate the build-up, evolution and desorption of icy grain mantles. This proceeding reviews how experiments on thermal CO and N2 ice desorption, UV photodesorption of CO ice, and CO diffusion in H2O ice have been used to guide and interpret astrochemical observations of snowlines and complex molecules.
Sun-like Stars: magnetic fields, cycles and exoplanets
Authors: Fares Rim 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn Sun-like stars, magnetic fields are generated in the outer convective layers. They shape the stellar environment, from the photosphere to planetary orbits. Studying the large-scale magnetic field of those stars enlightens our understanding of the field properties and gives us observational constraints for field generation dynamo models. It also sheds light on how “normal” the Sun is among Sun-like stars. In this contribution, I will review the field properties of Sun-like stars, focusing on solar twins and planet hosting stars. I will discuss the observed large-scale magnetic cycles, compare them to stellar activity cycles, and link that to what we know about the Sun. I will also discuss the effect of large-scale stellar fields on exoplanets, exoplanetary emissions (e.g. radio), and habitability.
The new Andean Regional Office of Astronomy for Development
Authors: Char Farid , Forero-Romero Jaime 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe Andean Regional Office of Astronomy for Development (ROAD) is a new effort in South America to serve several goals in astronomical development. The six countries in the Andean ROAD (Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela) represent a common language block in the region. They work together to develop strategies to strengthen the professional research, education and popularization of astronomy. Our current Working Structure comprises a ROAD Coordinator and one Coordinators in each Task Force. Here we describe the main points of the ROAD's current action plan.
Planetary nebulae as kinematic tracers of galaxy halos
Authors: Coccato Lodovico ,   PNS collaboration
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe kinematics and dynamical properties of galaxy stellar halos are difficult to measure, given the faint surface brightness that characterizes these regions. Gas-rich systems such as spiral galaxies can be probed using the radio Hi emission. Early-type galaxies contain less gas, therefore alternative kinematic tracers need to be used. Planetary Nebulae (PNe) can be easily detected far out in the halo thanks to their bright [O iii] emission at 5007 Å. It is therefore possible to map the halo kinematics also in early-type galaxies, typically out to 5 effective radii or beyond. Thanks to the recent spectroscopic surveys targeting extra-galactic PNe, we can now rely on few tens of galaxies where the kinematics of the stellar halos are measured. I will discuss the most important results: (a) the relation of the stellar surface brightness and the PNe number density; (b) the velocity and velocity dispersion two-dimensional fields; (c) the radial profiles of angular momentum; and (d) the relation between the derived kinematics physical properties of the host galaxies.
FM5. The Legacy of Planck
Authors: Tauber Jan A. ,   on behalf of the Planck Collaboration
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis paper is an introduction to Focus Meeting 5 held at the IAU's General Assembly held in Honolulu in August 2015. It describes the rationale for the meeting, and summarizes the introductory talk to FM5, which contained a description of the Planck data products released by ESA and the Planck Collaboration in the first half of 2015.
Galaxy cluster cosmology from X-ray surveys of the hot and energetic Universe
Authors: Clerc Nicolas , Sartoris Barbara , Dolag Klaus , Vijayaraghavan Rukmani , Biffi Veronica 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe discuss recent advances and prospects in our understanding of the formation of structures on cosmic scales based on surveys of galaxy clusters in the X-ray bands. We highlight the interaction between observations and numerical simulations of the X-ray sky. We show how future surveys will unveil the nature of the dark energy and study its evolution with time.