bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast and Robust Noise Background Modeling and Quasiperiodic Oscillation Detection for Astronomical Time Series
Authors: Xu Chang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Spectrum with confidence levels is a commonly used method for quasiperiodic oscillation (QPO) detection, but it is prone to yield false positives for two reasons: poor choice and/or biased modeling of the null hypothesis (or noise background). Motivated by this, we propose a new time-domain maximum-likelihood estimation method, which can quickly and accurately estimate the noise background free from background trends, spectra peaks, and even QPOs. Our method provides a wide range of candidate stochastic models (e.g., conventional first-order autoregressive, power law, generalized Gauss–Markov, Matérn, and damped random walk), some of which have not been considered previously. Some pitfalls (e.g., detrending) in previous QPO detections are also correctly processed to minimize the false detections. Along with the multitaper method and wavelet, we revisit QPO detection in the X-ray emission from the active galaxies RE J10341+396 and 1H 0707-495, and point out why the significance levels of the QPO at ∼2.6 × 10−4 Hz would be different in previous detections and reduced if the whole observation duration is considered. Our algorithm can be easily extended to other branches of astrophysics and beyond.
The Intrabinary Shock and Companion Star of Redback Pulsar J2215+5135
Authors: Sullivan Andrew G. , Romani Roger W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
PSR J2215+5135 (J2215) is a “redback” spider pulsar, where the intrabinary shock (IBS) wraps around the pulsar rather than the stellar-mass companion. Spider orbital light curves are modulated, dominated by their binary companion thermal emission in the optical bands and by IBS synchrotron emission in the X-rays. We report on new XMM-Newton X-ray and U-band observations of J2215. We produce orbital light curves and use them to model the system properties. Our best-fit optical light model gives a neutron star mass M
NS = 1.98 ± 0.08 M
⊙, lower than previously reported. However, uncertainty in the stellar atmosphere metallicity, a parameter to which J2215 is unusually sensitive, requires us to consider an acceptable systematic plus statistical range of M
NS ∼ 1.85–2.3 M
⊙. From the X-ray analysis, we find that the IBS wraps around the pulsar but with a pulsar-wind-to-companion-wind-momentum ratio unusually close to unity, implying a flatter IBS geometry than seen in other spiders. Estimating the companion wind momentum and speed from the X-ray light curve, we find a companion mass-loss rate of

M

̇

c

≳

10

−
10

M

⊙

yr−1 so that J2215 may become an isolated millisecond pulsar in ∼1 Gyr. Our X-ray analyses place constraints on the magnetization and particle density of the pulsar wind and support models of magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration in the highly magnetized relativistic IBS.
Helium Abundance of the Sun: A Spectroscopic Analysis
Authors: Moharana Satyajeet , Hema B. P. , Pandey Gajendra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Determining the He/H ratio in cool stars presents a fundamental astrophysical challenge. While this ratio is established for hot O and B stars, its extrapolation to cool stars remains uncertain due to the absence of helium lines in their observed spectra. We address this knowledge gap by focusing on the Sun as a representative cool star. We conduct spectroscopic analyses of the observed solar photospheric lines by utilizing a combination of MgH molecular lines and neutral Mg atomic lines including yet another combination of CH and C2 molecular lines with neutral C atomic lines. Our spectroscopic analyses were further exploited by adopting solar model atmospheres constructed for distinct He/H ratios to determine the solar photospheric helium abundance. The helium abundance is determined by enforcing the fact that for an adopted model atmosphere with an appropriate He/H ratio, the derived Mg abundance from the neutral Mg atomic lines and that from the MgH molecular lines must be the same. The same holds for the C abundance derived from neutral C atomic lines and that from CH lines of the CH molecular band and C2 lines from the C2 Swan band. The estimated He/H ratio for the Sun is discussed based on the one-dimensional local thermodynamic equilibrium model atmosphere. The helium abundance (He/H =

0.091

−
0.014

+
0.019

) obtained for the Sun serves as a critical reference point to characterize the He/H ratio of cool stars across the range in their effective temperature.
Experimental Examination of Brine and Water Lifetimes after Impact on Airless Worlds
Authors: Poston Michael J. , Baker Samantha R. , Scully Jennifer E. C. , Carey Elizabeth M. , Mc Keown Lauren E. , Castillo-Rogez Julie C. , Raymond Carol A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The role played by transient impact-induced endogenous brines in the formation of geomorphic features has been proposed on airless worlds such as Europa, Vesta, and Ceres, as well as on worlds with thin atmospheres such as Mars. After liquefaction, the hypothesized brines flow in a debris-flow-like process, incising curvilinear gullies and constructing lobate deposits within newly formed craters. Here we investigate what parameters (if any) could enable liquid to be transiently present for a sufficient time (∼tens of minutes) under postimpact transient atmospheric pressures (10−4–10−5 torr) to form curvilinear gullies and lobate deposits, as have been seen on Vesta and more tentatively Ceres. We report that water likely vacuum-freezes too quickly, while NaCl brine enables flow longevity. We also find that frozen lid formation facilitates longer liquid lifetimes, as with lava in terrestrial lava tubes and model predictions for cryovolcanic flows on Europa. This work provides additional contributions to the growing body of literature that investigates the role of transient brines in sculpting the surfaces of airless worlds.
Outcomes of the Together for Life Program in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Living Alone: A Pilot Study
Authors: Choi Hye Seung , Park Younghye , Han Hae-Ra , Lee Jong-Eun 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
The current study developed and tested selected effects of the Together for Life (TFL) program for community-dwelling older adults using an embedded mixed methods design.

Method
Nine community volunteers participated in the training program, and 14 people aged ≥65 years, living alone, enrolled in the study. Home visits were conducted by home health nurses every 2 weeks, supplemented by weekly home visits and phone counseling provided by volunteers, for a duration of 20 weeks. This mixed methods study used quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative data were gathered through a questionnaire survey to assess the intervention's effects on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), loneliness, and depression. The qualitative component focused on participants' evaluation of the program.

Results

Significant changes were noted in HRQOL scores with an effect size of 0.6 (
p
= 0.01). Results indicated the positive impact of the TFL program on HRQOL among older adults as their health status was continuously monitored by volunteers who provided care and home health nurses who assisted with health management during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Conclusion

In a pandemic, personalized health management, such as regular health check-ins provided by home health nurses and home or phone visits provided by volunteers, is crucial for isolated older adults. This pilot program enhanced participants' HRQOL through continuous health monitoring, volunteer care, and nurse support, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 51
(1), 49–58.]
Short-Term Outcomes and Multidimensional Factors Associated With Preoperative Sedentary Behavior Among Chinese Older Adults With Gastric Cancer: An Observational Study
Authors: Ding Lingyu , Lu Jinling , Miao Xueyi , Xu Qin , Yao Cui 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
The current study aimed to examine the short-term outcomes and multidimensional factors associated with preoperative sedentary behavior among Chinese older adults with gastric cancer.

Method
An observational study was conducted among older adults with gastric cancer in a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu, China. A total of 393 participants were enrolled by convenience sampling. Sedentary behavior was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Logistic regression was applied to explore the relationship between preoperative sedentary behavior and short-term outcomes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the factors associated with participants' sedentary behavior.

Results
Preoperative sedentary behavior was related to multiple outcomes, including total complications, prolonged length of stay, and increased hospitalization costs. Two or more comorbidities and depression were risk factors for sedentary behavior. High-density lipoprotein; female sex; and high school, middle school, and primary school and below educational levels were protective factors for sedentary behavior.

Conclusion

Health care professionals need to simultaneously concentrate on multidimensional aspects linked to sedentary behavior to successfully administer behavioral interventions for enhancing older adults' overall prognosis. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 51
(1), 32–41.]
Introduction. Les histoires écologiques de la photographie
Authors: Castro Teresa , Edgar Brenda Lynn , Sohier Estelle 
Published: October 2024

Ce numéro explore les multiples façons de penser l’articulation entre photographie et écologie depuis le XIXe siècle. La notion d’écologie y est déclinée dans la pluralité de ses acceptions : en tant que science interdisciplinaire, dans ses versants politiques et culturels, et comme sensibilité. Les huit essais réunis explorent les liens entre photographie et histoire des savoirs sur l’environnement, les matérialités du médium et de ses pratiques, ou encore le rôle des images dans l’histoire des prises de conscience environnementaliste et des mouvements de préservation de la nature. L’intérêt que les artistes contemporains portent à l’environnement est abordé dans un entretien avec le photographe péruvien Roberto Huarcaya sur l’Amazonie. Deux textes portent enfin sur l’émergence de l’écologie dans les pratiques de conservation et de restauration du patrimoine ainsi que des pratiques de curation à travers un dialogue autour de l’exposition Mining Photography.
L’identification du portrait photographique au regard du cinéma
Authors: Lauvin Rémi 
Published: October 2024

L’identification par le portrait photographique joue un rôle paradoxal dans l’avènement de la surveillance moderne : si de nombreux historiens des techniques de police ont évoqué le tournant statistique porté par l’anthropométrie judiciaire d’Alphonse Bertillon, le portrait photographique continue d’accompagner les mesures du corps humain sur la fiche signalétique, au tournant du XXe siècle. Au même moment, le cinéma fait de la photographie un motif de détournement de l’identité. Trois films des premiers temps s’attardent ainsi sur les techniques employées pour se dévisager en déformant son visage face à l’appareil. Puis plus tard, dans Hollow Triumph (Steve Sekeley, 1948), la photographie sert de modèle à la contrefaçon du visage d’un malfrat en cavale. L’étude de ces cas fournit à la fois un état des lieux des techniques de surveillance médiées par l’image et suggère la façon dont l’image peut, de l’intérieur, saper le potentiel indiciaire de la représentation.
La stéréoscopie dans les salles de classe. Le cas du stéréoscope Educa dans la France de l’entre‑deux‑guerres
Authors: Le Guern Nicolas 
Published: October 2024

Durant les années 1920, la stéréoscopie fut utilisée en France, comme outil d’enseignement visuel, aux côtés de la projection de diapositives et de films fixes. Cette technique, permettant une vision en trois dimensions, impliquait une observation individuelle par les élèves, créant ainsi un véritable enjeu pour l’organisation en salle de classe. Or, si les formes projetées de la photographie pédagogique ont été récemment étudiées, la place de la stéréoscopie dans le champ de l’enseignement a été peu analysée. L’auteur comble ce manque en examinant l’influence des pratiques pédagogiques anglo-saxonnes sur l’usage de la stéréoscopie en France en milieu scolaire, et en retraçant l’histoire du stéréoscope Educa et de ses usages durant l’entre-deux-guerres. Outil simple contenant plus de cinq cents vues stéréoscopiques et le dispositif permettant de les visualiser, le stéréoscope Educa fut produit en série pour investir les salles de classe.
« Plus de citoyenneté, moins de militantisme » : ambivalences de l’activisme politique à Luanda
Authors: Buire Chloé 
Published: October 2024

En août 2017, José Eduardo dos Santos quitte la présidence de l’Angola après 38 années au pouvoir. Son successeur, João Lourenço, crée la surprise en promettant d’ouvrir le dialogue avec la société civile et de lancer un grand plan national de lutte contre la corruption. Pour les quelques dizaines d’activistes qui étaient descendus dans la rue à Luanda et avaient souffert une répression féroce sous dos Santos, c’est le début d’une nouvelle ère. Les manifestations de rue et les réseaux acéphales laissent la place à des organisations formelles. Des stratégies à moyen terme remplacent les mobilisations ponctuelles et la volonté de contribuer à un changement structurel s’ajoute aux dénonciations des abus et des dysfonctionnements. Le réseau « Jovens Pelas Autarquias » [Jeunes pour la démocratie locale] devient le canal d’une campagne sans précédent qui associe des actions de lobbying auprès des députés à des initiatives d’éducation politique populaire à l’échelle micro-locale à travers la ville.En mettant à jour à la fois la rhétorique et les actions de plusieurs collectifs affiliés à ce réseau, l’article montre comment se crée progressivement une communauté politique au sein de la jeunesse mobilisée de Luanda. Présentée par ses partisans comme l’invention d’une citoyenneté par le bas, cette nouvelle imagination politique s’attaque avant tout au monopole du parti au pouvoir et à la capture de la parole dissidente par les partis d’opposition. Mais l’article en révèle aussi les contradictions et les fragilités. Observé depuis l’intérieur et sur la base de son fonctionnement quotidien, le mouvement « Jovens Pelas Autarquias » se montre finalement incapable de remettre en cause les hiérarchies implicites qui opposent les cadres et les membres ordinaires, les intellectuels et les masses, ou encore ceux qui appartiennent aux institutions de l’État et ceux qui évoluent dans les marges du formalisme officiel, reproduisant finalement de façon tacite les mécanismes de pouvoir et de domination qui caractérisent le système angolais en général. Analyser ces tensions met en évidence les dynamiques ambivalentes de cette démocratisation par le bas et interroge la vulnérabilité théorique du concept de citoyenneté, entendu ici à la fois comme une demande de réciprocité dans les relations entre État et sujets et comme un outil de disciplinarisation du politique ordinaire.
Demandas, ineficácia política e alienação: a juventude na campanha eleitoral angolana em 2022 na província de Benguela
Authors: Reite Torun , Telo Florita Cuhanga António 
Published: October 2024

Centrando-se nos discursos de três perspetivas distintas: i) a juventude angolana da província de Benguela, ii) os programas dos partidos políticos e iii) o debate público mediático durante a campanha eleitoral de 2022, este estudo analisa a eficácia da participação da juventude nos processos políticos em Angola. Ao fazê-lo, realiza uma análise discursiva e temática que coloca em primeiro plano os resultados de um inquérito realizado na véspera das eleições de 2022. O estudo apresenta as perceções dos jovens sobre a eficácia política e avalia até que ponto existem congruências temáticas entre a agenda política expressa pelos jovens, as prioridades apresentadas nos programas dos partidos políticos e os temas do debate público mediático angolano. Os resultados mostram que a juventude angolana considera que os programas políticos e os debates públicos não respondem as suas preocupações. Sobre a eficácia política, a juventude em análise faz uma avaliação da capacidade que possuem para a sua participação política mais positiva do que a avaliação que fazem sobre a responsividade do próprio sistema político. Esta avaliação positiva da participação está relacionada com a esperança de alternância nas eleições de 2022. Além da ineficácia política verificada, constata-se uma correlação entre a participação política e o nível de bem-estar, ou seja, quanto mais pobre, menor a participação política ou eleitoral.
Skin-resident T Cells Contribute to the Dynamic Disease Manifestations of Psoriasis
Authors: Sortebech Daniel , Schoenfeldt Trine , Duvetorp Albert , Agerholm-Nielsen Rasmus , Eidsmo Liv 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The human skin forms a dynamic barrier to physical injuries and microbial invasion. Constant interactions between stroma and tissue-confined immune cells maintain skin homeostasis. However, the cellular interactions that maintain skin health also contribute to focal immunopathology. Psoriasis is a common disease that manifests with focal pathology induced by environmental triggers in genetically susceptible individuals. Within psoriasis plaques, cross-talk between skin-resident T cells and stroma cells leads to chronic inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23 amplify the local chronic inflammation and sustain the well-demarcated thick and scaly plaques that characterize the disease. In resolved lesions, T cells remain poised for IL-17 and IL-22 production, and postinflammatory epigenetic modifications lower the threshold for initiation of local relapse. This review focuses on how tissue-resident memory T cells contribute to the onset, maintenance, resolution, and relapse of psoriasis.
Brainstem auditory evoked responses: Objective hearing threshold assessment in Holstein cows
Authors: Naudé Alida , Erasmus Lize-Mari , De Swardt Liesl , Bornman Juan , Van Marlé-Köster Este 
Published: October 2024

Background: Animal audiology utilizes brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) as a non-invasive tool to assess hearing in animals, including Holstein dairy cows. Understanding cows’ auditory capabilities is critical for their welfare, especially given their exposure to farm noise.Objectives: This study provides preliminary normative BAER data for Holstein cows by focusing on absolute and interpeak wave latencies. The objective is to assess the impact of farm noise and expand audiologists’ practice scope.Method: Ten Holstein cows were tested using monoaural broadband click stimuli with contralateral masking. Earphones with foam ear tips were used to minimize environmental noise interference. The BAER responses were recorded via subdermal needle electrodes placed at standardized locations on the cows’ heads. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics to determine auditory thresholds and wave latencies.Results: The cows exhibited auditory thresholds at 90 dB SPL (55 dB nHL). Detailed wave and interpeak latencies were recorded at intensities from 85 to 105 dB SPL. At 90 dB SPL, the average latency for wave V was 5.17 ms, marking the auditory threshold for Holstein cows.Conclusion: These findings provide key insights into the auditory sensitivity of Holstein cows, highlighting BAER’s potential for monitoring auditory health and evaluating the effects of noise pollution on animal welfare. This research underscores the value of integrating animal audiology into the audiologist’s scope, ultimately enhancing both animal welfare and farming sustainability.Contribution: This study adds to the limited literature on farm animal auditory health and suggests strategies to improve welfare through better auditory management.
Re-evaluating the scoring criteria of the Interacoustics Sera Neonatal Hearing Screener
Authors: Zimatore Giovanna , Skarzynski Piotr Henryk , Di Berardino Federica , Gasbarre Anna Maria , Filipponi Eliana , Araimo Gabriella , Hatzopoulos Stavros 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Newborn hearing screeners via otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) have become the standard in audiological clinical practice. Despite the application of OAE protocols for more than 3 decades, there has been no consensus on the standardization of the recorded responses. Usually, manufacturers based the scoring criteria of the OAE responses on small scale samples and in many cases on data published in the literature. Since there are no standards in the OAE probe construction, the resulted OAE responses are quite different between OAE screeners. The project evaluated the scoring criteria used in the Interacoustics Sera OAE screener.

Methods:
Eight hundred and eleven infants were initially screened by the Accuscreen OAE screener for a Pass or a Fail outcome. Seven hundred and ninety-two infants resulted as Pass were re-evaluated with the Sera transient-evoked OAE (TEOAE) and distortion-product OAE (DPOAE) protocols.

Results:
In terms of screening efficiency, the DPOAE protocol performed better, showing results very similar to the Accuscreen performance (Fail %: 2.4 vs. 2.3). The data showed that the recordings of the TEOAE responses were more prone to noise corruption. Using 10th percentile normative distribution values, DPOAE-optimized scoring criteria were estimated as 3.1, 7.9, 9.9, and 8.9 dB for the tested frequencies of 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 kHz. Unfortunately, the TEOAE signal-to-noise (S/N) data resulted as too noisy (despite relatively large TEOAE responses); therefore, the TEOAE responses were considered as scoring criteria candidates. The latter were estimated as 4.61, 6.35, 7, 1 and 3, 35 dB at 1.4, 2.0, 2.8, 4.0 kHz.

Conclusion:
It is possible to improve the screening efficiency of the DPOAE Sera protocol using optimized scoring criteria, aiming the correct identification of at least 90% of all normal hearing subjects. The Sera TEOAE protocol needs further investigation to identify the source of the noise, which lowers significantly the reported S/N ratios. The collected OAE data confirm that there are differences among the responses obtained by various screeners; therefore, an OAE probe standardization is necessary.
Colours of India: Uniting Endocrinologists in Fitness and Friendship
Authors: Nagendra Lakshmi , Bhattacharya Saptarshi , Kapoor Nitin , Shaikh Shehla , Das Sambit , Mondal Sunetra , Khare Jaideep , Kota Sunil , Mittal Sachin , Mittal Rajneesh , Sukumar Suja , Selvan Chitra , Shenoy Mohan , Shah Shalin , Gadve Sharvil , Verma Rajesh , Sharma Balram , Dutta Deep , Mamidala Venkata RM , Shaikh Altamash , Narayanan Prem , Jindal Sushil , Ramakrishnan Santosh , Kalra Sanjay 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Colours of India is an annual cultural phenomenon that transcends the boundaries of professional conferences, uniting endocrinologists through the universal language of music and dance. Since its inception in 2016, this vibrant event has brought together teams from across India and other participating countries, showcasing diverse dance forms while fostering friendships, promoting wellness, and celebrating cultural diversity within the medical community.