bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifetime healthcare expenditures across socioeconomic groups
Authors: Kallestrup-Lamb Malene , Marin Alexander O. K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
A socioeconomic gradient affects healthcare expenditures and longevity in opposite directions as less affluent individuals have higher current healthcare expenditures but simultaneously enjoy shorter lives. Yet, it is unclear whether this cross-sectional healthcare expenditure gradient persists from a lifetime perspective. This paper analyzes lifetime healthcare expenditures across socioeconomic groups using detailed individual-level healthcare expenditure data for the entire Danish population.

Method
Using full population healthcare expenditures from Danish registries, we estimate lifetime healthcare expenditures as age-specific mean healthcare expenditures times the probability of being alive at each age. Our data enables the estimation of lifetime healthcare expenditures by sex, socioeconomic status, and by various types of healthcare expenditure.

Results
Once we account for mortality differences and all types of healthcare expenditures, all socioeconomic groups spend an almost equal amount on healthcare throughout a lifetime. Lower socioeconomic groups incur the lowest lifetime hospital expenditures, whereas higher socioeconomic groups experience the highest lifetime expenditures on long-term care services. Our findings remain robust across various socioeconomic measures and alternative estimation methodologies.

Conclusion
Improving the health status of lower socioeconomic groups to align with that of higher socioeconomic groups is costly but may ultimately reduce current healthcare expenditures. Enhanced health outcomes likely increase lifespan, leading to extended periods of healthcare consumption. However, since all socioeconomic groups tend to have similar lifetime healthcare expenditures, this prolonged consumption has limited impact on overall lifetime healthcare costs. Additionally, a significant benefit is the deferment of healthcare expenditures into the future. Overall, our results diminish concerns about socially inequitable utilization of healthcare resources while socioeconomic differences in health and longevity persist, even in a universal healthcare system.
Enhanced alveolar ridge preservation with hyaluronic acid-enriched allografts: a comparative study of granular allografts with and without hyaluronic acid addition
Authors: Kloss Frank R. , Kau Thomas , Heimes Diana , Kämmerer Peer W. , Kloss-Brandstätter Anita 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Ridge preservation is essential to restore alveolar ridge volume and to enhance esthetic and functional outcomes for dental implants. The addition of hyaluronic acid to allogeneic bone substitute materials might enhance these outcomes. This clinical study evaluated the efficacy of ridge preservation after tooth extraction using granular allografts with and without hyaluronic acid addition.

Methods
In this retrospective study, 40 patients with compromised extraction sockets were enrolled. Among them, 19 received particulate allogeneic bone substitutes (Allo), 21 received allogeneic bone substitutes with hyaluronic acid (AlloHya). Vertical and horizontal graft stability, graft shrinkage rate, and bone mineral density were assessed using radiographic measurements on CBCT scans conducted before tooth extraction, directly after ridge preservation and after four months. Patients were followed up 12 months post-implantation.

Results
Vertical height loss after 4 months was significantly greater in the Allo group (-0.82 ± 0.95 mm) compared to the AlloHya group (-0.19 ± 0.51 mm; p = 0.011). Graft shrinkage rate was 16.9 ± 11.5% (Allo) and 10.3 ± 7.7% (AlloHya) (p = 0.038). After four months, average bone density was significantly higher in the AlloHya compared to the Allo group (p = 0.004). Nearly all implants (39 out of 40) were classified as “Success” according to the ICOI scheme, with no differences in implant quality between the two study groups.

Conclusions
Improved graft stability, reduced resorption, and increased bone density were observed in hyaluronic acid-enriched allografts compared to pure allografts. Adding hyaluronic acid to allogeneic bone grafts significantly enhanced outcomes in ridge preservation.
Nursing students and clinical nurses’ perception of research and the role of the clinical research nurse
Authors: Cetroni Amanda 
Published: October 2024

Background: The nursing profession has made great strides during the last century. Roles such as the clinical research nurse (CRN) have been developed and research is widely recognised as a vital component of the healthcare field. Hospitals involved in clinical nursing research can improve patient outcomes, increase staff and patient satisfaction and reduce hospital costs. Aim: The aim of this literature review is to analyse nurses and nursing students’ perception towards research, with focus on the available career progression for nurses in research. Method: A comprehensive search of literature on ASSIA, CINAHIL, PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases was conducted to obtain relevant articles related to the perception of nurses and nursing students towards research. Results: A total of 31 articles were selected for analysis following review. Three key themes were identified: nurses’ perception towards research; nursing students’ perception towards research; and career progression and job satisfaction. Conclusions: Involvement in research has helped nurses integrate evidence-based practice into their work. This has helped empower nurses to make positive change and develop their skills and knowledge. Unfortunately, research is still considered by many to be a ‘doctor’ field, and nurses have various difficulties accessing funding and education. Research education is vital to building the basic principles of nursing research and creating a positive attitude and perception around research. A change in culture is required to standardise research into university education, increase students’ perceptions and confidence in research, and help nurses incorporate valid evidence-based recommendations into practice.
Barriers and enablers that influence the uptake of HIV testing among heterosexual migrants in the Netherlands
Authors: Martinez Martinez Veronica , Ormel Hermen , Op de Coul Eline L. M. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Heterosexual migrant men and women in the Netherlands often face barriers to accessing health services, including HIV testing, that may lead to late-stage HIV diagnoses. This study explored factors of influence in the usage of HIV testing among heterosexual migrants.

Methods
Qualitative evaluation with semi-structured interviews at the Amsterdam-based AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) Checkpoint and one focus group discussion (FGD) conducted during June-July 2023 with 19 participants: interviews with 12 heterosexual migrants from low- or middle-income countries (LMICs) and FGD (n = 5) and interviews (n = 2) with 7 key informants from the (public) health sector. Recorded interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed, using the framework of Andersen’s Expanded Behavioral Model of Health Services Use.

Results
In total, 55 themes emerged from the interviews and the FGD. Examples include insufficient availability of information on HIV and testing services, and difficulty in accessing these services (e.g. the barrier of the online appointment system of the Centre for Sexual Health (CSH)). HIV test participants expressed free, rapid testing, no appointment required, and a positive experience during their HIV test as enablers to test in the future. Results from key informants showed that poor health literacy and lack of clarity on the healthcare system’s guidelines were barriers for heterosexual migrants in accessing information on HIV and testing services. It also revealed past initiatives and interventions that were successful in reaching at-risk groups such as the integration of HIV testing into sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, but that were subsequently discontinued due to financial constraints.

Conclusion
Factors contributing to a low HIV test uptake were participants’ perception of limited accessibility of CSH facilities, insufficient available information on HIV (testing) services, and low perception of HIV risk. Unclear policies on accessing HIV/STI testing services at CSHs, and potential missed opportunities for HIV testing at general practitioners were contributing factors identified by key informants.
Evaluation navigation controlled gate of aging spillway on cavitation damage
Authors: Hien Le Thi Thu , Chien Nguyen Van , Duc Nguyen Viet 
Published: October 2024

Background
High-speed flow of clean water or water with sediment released from aging spillways may cause abrasion and cavitation on the concrete surface gradually. The occurrence of irregularities on the concrete surface can exacerbate the erosion problem. Which might jeopardize the safety of dams constantly, hence the rehabilitation efforts become urgent tasks in dam safety projects.

Methods
This study employs a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model to quantitatively analyze the cavitation risk on the aging concrete surface of the Chay 5 spillway in Ha Giang, Vietnam, under various operation scenarios. There are two standards used to measure cavitation: the cavitation index (σ) which indicates the danger due to the drop of pressure in rapid flow, and the new gasification index (β) which takes into consideration the formation and collapse of bubbles behind asperities.

Results
Three extreme flood cases may not result in potential cavitation because both σ and β exceed critical thresholds. Regarding the six controlled gate scenarios with normal water level, the σ profiles are approximated 1,0 showing a low likelihood of cavitation damage while the β values are smaller than 0.8, indicating a considerable risk of cavitation. Besides, the opening height of 100 cm poses the greatest risk of creating severe cavitation erosion in the concave area and slope portion. The flip bucket experienced the most vulnerable cavitation when the opening height is 400 cm. In addition, an approach to spillway surface rehabilitation involving specialized mortars has been presented.

Conclusion
For aging conveyance structure, gasification index (β) takes into account irregularities surface, providing a more comprehensive assessment of the likelihood of cavitation damage than cavitation index (σ). After rehabilitation with anti-shrinkage high abrasion resistance mortar, the entire spillway surface is smooth. This allows for reducing the cavitation risk and improvement of life service thereof.
Hazard zonation for potential earthquake-induced landslide in the eastern East Kunlun fault zone
Authors: Zheng Lifu , Fu Guochao , Luo Guichun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Based on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, the seismic landslide hazard research considers the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of seismic peak ground acceleration, which integrates the factors such as seismic intensity, location, and recurrence time. The occurrence of future earthquakes has certain randomness. This article presents the landslide hazard zoning of the eastern Kunlun fault zone and its surrounding faults, which is carried out under the action of horizontal ground motion with certain exceeding probability. According to the geological structure and seismicity characteristics of the study area, the potential source is divided. Based on the seismic hazard analysis and Newmark cumulative displacement evaluation model, the seismic landslide hazard in the study area is analyzed. The landslide probability is taken as the risk index. The seismic landslide hazard can be divided into five grades: extremely low-prone area, low-prone area, medium-prone area, high-prone area, and extremely high-prone area. In the results of seismic landslide risk zoning given in this article, the surrounding areas of Tazang fault and Minjiang fault are high-risk areas, which should be paid attention to.
Sedimentary processes and patterns in deposits corresponding to freshwater lake-facies of hyperpycnal flow – An experimental study based on flume depositional simulations
Authors: Yan Hongguo , Dai Rong , Chen Bin , Luo Shunshe , Kang Yongmei , Zhou Xinping , Pang Jinlian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The article establishes a depositional model for lacustrine hyperpycnal flow by examining dynamics, transport factors, and laminae formation. The results show that several typical experimental phenomena such as fluid front mixing, double flow division, underwater leap, water skiing, and “new head” can be observed in the flume experiment. Based on the experimental observation of the flow process, three modes of transport of hyperpycnal flow in freshwater lake basins are summarized: bottom-bed loading, suspended loading, and uplift loading. Further, the change of fluid properties in hyperpycnal flow is summarized in three stages: a high-concentration stage, a low-concentration stage, and an uplifting stage. There are two main factors affecting the long-range transport of hyperpycnal flow: (1) the concentration difference between the head deposits and the ambient water body and (2) shear force of turbulence in the upper part of hyperpycnal flow. The simulation experiments of hyperpycnites laminae show that the laminae change from continuous to intermittent with the increase of the transportation distance. It is clear that the mode of transport of the hyperpycnal flow has a controlling effect on the degree of development of the laminae. Eventually, a depositional model of lake-facies hyperpycnal flow under experimental conditions was constructed.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ ГИДРОТЕРМАЛЬНОЙ КАРБОНИЗАЦИИ ЛИГНИНА НА СВОЙСТВА БИОУГЛЕЙ КАК ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНОГО ТВЕРДОГО ТОПЛИВА
Authors: КРЫСАНОВА К.О. , ИВАНЦОВ М.И. , СОТНИКОВА А.Е. , КРЫЛОВА А.Ю. , КУЛИКОВА М.В. 
Published: October 2024

Изучено влияние температуры гидротермальной карбонизации (190-250 °С) гидролизного лигнина на свойства получаемых биоуглей. Биоугли исследованы комплексом физико-химических методов, проведен их элементный, технический и термический анализ. Показано, что повышение температуры гидротермальной обработки лигнина отрицательно влияет на выход биоугля, но позволяет получить термически более стабильный продукт, имеющий топливные характеристики, сопоставимые с бурыми углями.
The effect of hydrothermal carbonisation temperature (190-250 °C) on the properties of biochar produced from hydrolytic lignin was studied. Biochar was investigated using a set of physicochemical methods, its elemental, proximate and thermal analysis was carried out. It is shown that an increase in the temperature of hydrothermal treatment has a negative effect on biochar yield but allows obtaining a more thermally stable product with fuel characteristics comparable with those of brown coal.
РАЗРАБОТКА НАНЕСЕННЫХ НИКЕЛЬ-ЦЕРИЕВЫХ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ ДЛЯ РЕСУРСОСБЕРЕГАЮЩЕЙ КОНВЕРСИИ МЕТАНА В ВОДОРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИЙ ГАЗ
Authors: НИКИТИН А.П. , СОЗИНОВ С.А. , МАТУС Е.В. , ИСМАГИЛОВ З.Р. 
Published: October 2024

С целью разработки эффективного катализатора для ресурсосберегающей конверсии угольного метана в водородсодержащий газ проведен синтез серии образцов Ce0.2Ni0.8O1.2/Al2O3, исследованы их физико-химические и функциональные свойства в зависимости от природы предшественников активного компонента (гексагидрат нитрата никеля(II), аммиакат никеля(II)) и промотора (гексагидрат нитрата церия(III), нитрат аммония-церия(IV)). Показано, что природа предшественника влияет на текстурные и структурные характеристики образцов, их каталитическую активность в реакции пароуглекислотного риформинга метана и устойчивость к образованию углеродистых отложений. Установлен оптимальный состав предшественников (гексагидрат нитрата никеля(II), гексагидрат нитрата церия(III)), использование которых при синтезе катализатора Ce0.2Ni0.8O1.2/Al2O3 обеспечивает снижение среднего размера частиц Ni активного компонента (25 → 6.5 нм) и степени зауглероживания катализатора (2.9 → 0.5 %), высокий выход водорода (95 %) при 800 °С в реакции пароуглекислотного риформинга метана.
To develop an effective catalyst for the resource-saving conversion of coal-industry methane into hydrogen-containing gas, the materials Ce0.2Ni0.8O1.2/Al2O3 were synthesized, their physicochemical and functional properties were studied depending on the nature of the precursors of active components (nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate, nickel(II) ammonium oxide) and promoters (cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate, ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate). It is shown that the nature of the precursor affects the textural and structural characteristics of the samples, their catalytic activity in the steam-carbon dioxide reforming of methane and resistance to the formation of carbon deposits. The optimal composition of precursors (nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate, cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate) has been established, the use of which in the synthesis of the Ce0.2Ni0.8O1.2/Al2O3 catalyst ensures a decrease in the average particle size of the Ni active component (25 → 6.5 nm) and the degree of catalyst carbonisation (2.9 → 0.5%), high hydrogen yield (95%) at 800 °C in the steam-carbon dioxide reforming of methane.
УДАЛЕНИЕ ИОНОВ КАДМИЯ ИЗ ВОДНЫХ РАСТВОРОВ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ГОРЕЛОЙ ПОРОДЫ
Authors: САЛИЩЕВА О.В. , ТАРАСОВА Ю.В. , МОЛДАГУЛОВА Н.Е. , ЛАРИЧЕВ Т.А. 
Published: October 2024

Адсорбционная очистка промышленных сточных и пластовых вод от металлов-токсикантов позволяет снизить антропогенную нагрузку на водные объекты. Показана эффективность использования адсорбента, полученного на основе местного минерального сырья, - горелой породы Ерунаковского каменноугольного месторождения (Кемеровская область) - для удаления ионов тяжелых металлов из водных растворов. Изучены кинетика процесса извлечения катионов кадмия из водных растворов, модели адсорбции Фрейндлиха, Ленгмюра и Дубинина-Радушкевича и их соответствие для описания процесса извлечения ионов тяжелых металлов из водных растворов на горелой породе. Установлена зависимость адсорбции от кислотности среды (рН). Максимальная адсорбционная способность от 30 до 40 мг/г была достигнута при рН 12.0. Химическая модификация щелочью (NaOH) при рН 12.0 приводит к увеличению степени извлечения ионов кадмия. В исследуемом диапазоне концентраций модели изотерм Фрейндлиха и Ленгмюра в большей степени соответствуют экспериментальным данным о равновесной адсорбции ионов металлов на горелой породе по сравнению с моделью Дубинина-Радушкевича.
Adsorption treatment of industrial wastewater and reservoir water from toxic metals can reduce the anthropogenic load on water bodies. The efficiency of using an adsorbent obtained on the basis of local mineral raw material, namely burnt rock from the Erunakovskoe coal deposit (the Kemerovo Region), to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions is shown. The kinetics of cadmium ion extraction from aqueous solutions, the adsorption models of Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich, and their significance for the description of heavy metal ion recovery from aqueous solutions using burnt rock were studied. The dependence of adsorption on the acidity (pH) of the medium has been established. A maximum adsorption capacity of 30 to 40 mg/g was achieved at pH 12.0. Chemical modification with alkali (NaOH) at pH 12.0 leads to an increase in the degree of cadmium ions extraction. Within the studied concentration range, the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms are more consistent with the experimental data on the equilibrium adsorption of metal ions on burnt rock, compared to the Dubinin-Radushkevich model.
СЕЛЕКТИВНОЕ ГИДРИРОВАНИЕ СО В ПРИСУТСТВИИ НИКЕЛЬСОДЕРЖАЩИХ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ
Authors: ЧЕМАКИНА И.С. , ИВАНЦОВ М.И. , ТРЕТЬЯКОВ Н.Ю. , ЕЛЫШЕВ А.В. , КУЛИКОВА М.В. 
Published: October 2024

Описан процесс метанирования - селективного гидрирования оксидов углерода. Рассмотрены химические основы процесса и особенности формирования продуктов реакции в зависимости от используемого катализатора. Оценены преимущества каталитических систем на основе углеродных материалов и недостатки катализаторов на оксидных подложках для получения синтетического метана. Для процесса селективного гидрирования монооксида углерода (СО) предложены никельсодержащие углеродные катализаторы на основе березового активированного угля и микроцеллюлозы, полученные методами пропитки по влагоемкости и гидротермального синтеза. Синтезированные образцы исследованы методами оптико-эмиссионной спектроскопии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой, низкотемпературной адсорбции азота, сканирующей электронной микроскопии, энергодисперсионной спектроскопии, рентгенофазового анализа, термогравиметрического анализа. Изучено влияние подложки и метода синтеза катализатора на конверсию СО и выход метана в ходе реакции селективного гидрирования СО, выявлен оптимальный средний размер кристаллитов NiO и Ni(OH)2 - прекурсоров активной фазы. Показано, что наилучшие показатели конверсии монооксида углерода и выхода метана в реакции метанирования достигнуты в присутствии никельсодержащего углеродного образца на основе микроцеллюлозы, полученного методом гидротермального синтеза.
Methanation process, or selective hydrogenation of carbon oxides, is described. The chemical foundations of the process and the features of the formation of reaction products are considered, depending on the catalyst used. The advantages of catalytic systems based on carbon materials and disadvantages of the catalysts on oxide substrates for the production of synthetic methane are evaluated. Nickel-containing carbon catalysts based on birch activated carbon and microcellulose were obtained by incipient wetness impregnation and hydrothermal synthesis, and proposed for the selective hydrogenation of carbon monoxide (CO). The synthesized samples were studied by optical emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis. The influence of the substrate and the method of catalyst synthesis on CO conversion and methane yield from the selective hydrogenation of CO was studied, and the optimal size of NiO and Ni(OH)2 crystallites, the precursors or the active phase, was determined. It is shown that the best carbon monoxide conversion and methane yield from methanation reaction are achieved in the presence of nickel-containing microcellulose-based carbon sample obtained by hydrothermal synthesis.