bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropometric and performance perspectives of female competitive surfing
Authors: Barlow Matthew John , Rowe Joshua , Ruffle Oliver , Davidson Mark , O’hara John 
Published: October 2016

PurposeTo evaluate the anthropometric profiles of female surfers and to identify whether any anthropometrical factors might predict competitive ranking. Secondly, to evaluate the activity profile of female competitive surfing with respect to environmental conditions using Global Positioning System (GPS) derived measures.MethodsFollowing institutional ethical approval, 31 female competitive surfers underwent anthropometric assessment (mean age: 20.49, <i>s</i> = 5.32 years; stature: 165.2, <i>s</i> = 4.8 cm; body mass: 63.0, <i>s</i> = 6.8 kg). A subsample (<i>n</i> = 22) wore GPS units during competition at four different locations with varied surfing conditions.ResultsThe mean somatotype values of the surfers were (Endo-Meso-Ecto) 4.06, 4.15, 2.01. Significant correlations (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were found between the national ranking and triceps, medial calf skinfolds, sum of six skinfolds, body fat percentage, and sum of eight skinfolds. Percentage time sitting, paddling, and riding equalled 62.58 ± 10.18%, 30.70 ± 9.44%, and 6.73 ± 2.91%, respectively. The mean ride time, maximum ride time, total time spent riding, and total distance surfing were significantly correlated with the round of the competition. Furthermore, the number of rides, time spent riding, percentage of total distance surfing, and percentage time riding were correlated with heat placement (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Time spent sitting was associated with poorer heat placements (<i>p</i> < 0.01).ConclusionsBody fat levels are associated with the national ranking in competitive female surfers. The number of waves ridden in a heat, the length of the rides, and activity levels were significantly related to heat placement and competition progression.
Are the Timed Up and Go Test and Functional Reach Test useful predictors of temporal and spatial gait parameters in elderly people?
Authors: Sadowska Dorota , Gumny Margareta , Osiński Wiesław 
Published: October 2016

PurposeThe study aim was to analyse the relationships between the results of the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and the Functional Reach Test (FRT), and the temporal and spatial gait parameters determined with the GAITRite system.MethodsThe study included 60 healthy, physically active elderly people aged 70.4 ± 5.1 years. The participants’ functional fitness was evaluated with the TUG and FRT, and their temporal and spatial gait parameters – with the GAITRite system.ResultsThe TUG results correlated inversely with the step length (<i>r</i> = –0.70 and <i>r</i> = –0.61 for the preferred and fast speed, respectively), stride length (<i>r</i> = –0.71 and <i>r</i> = –0.61, respectively), and velocity (<i>r</i> = –0.69 and <i>r</i> = –0.38, respectively). The regression model with these variables explained 43% of variance in the TUG results (p &#8804 0.0001). The FRT results correlated positively with the step length (<i>r</i> = 0.61 and <i>r</i> = 0.54, for the preferred and fast speed, respectively), stride length (<i>r</i> = 0.60 and <i>r</i> = 0.56, respectively), and velocity (<i>r</i> = 0.37 and r = 0.38). The regression model with these variables explained 26% of variance in the FRT outcomes.ConclusionsBasic temporal and spatial parameters of gait at the preferred speed, i.e. velocity, step length, stance time, single support time, swing time, and double support time, explain up to 43% of the TUG outcome variance and 26% of the FRT results variance.
Thoughts on Twin Earth
Authors: Jacquette Dale 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe questions at issue in this discussion of Hilary Putnam’s Twin Earth thought experiment include the scope and limits of narrow versus wide meaning, the role of attempting to successfully refer as opposed to successfully referring in determining where meaning resides and how thought functions in relation to the meanings of words and sentences. Twin Earth is supposed to challenge the Fregean thesis that intensional sense (Sinn) determines extensional reference (Bedeutung), and that meanings are ‘in the head’. Putnam in ‘The Meaning of “Meaning”’ (1975) concludes emphatically that the Twin Earth thought experiment definitively shows that meanings are not in the head. It is argued here in a previously unexplored criticism that there are several senses in which meanings can appropriately be said to reside in the intending thinker’s head, especially under available interpretations of the metaphysics of and identity conditions for intending mental acts and their intended objects. The thought experiment loses force if it is said that the identity requirements for a ‘simultaneously’ intending mental act involving ‘Water’ imply achieved reference to H20 on Earth and to XYZ on Twin-Earth. Then the intending mental acts on Earth and Twin-Earth involving the thought ‘Water’ will not in fact, despite superficial appearances, belong even to the same relevant general types or kinds of psychological events.
Crystal structure of 5-methoxy-N′-[(3Z)-1-benzyl-5-fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-ylidene]-1H-indole-2-carbohydrazide-DMSO (1/1), C27H25FN4O4S
Authors: Almutairi Maha S. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Haress Nadia G. , Attia Mohamed I. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
C27H25FN4O4S, triclinic, P1̅, a = 10.1996(5) Å, b = 11.4836(6) Å, c = 12.1907(8) Å, α = 100.728(2)°, β = 100.807(2)°, γ = 114.612(2)°, V = 1218.03(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0542, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1319, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of 4,4′-(1,3,5,7-tetraoxo-3a,4,4a,5,7,7a,8,8a-octahydro-4,8-ethenopyrrolo [3,4-f]isoindole-2,6(1H,3H)-diyl)dibenzoic acid, C26H18N2O8
Authors: Li Yaping , Sun Dajun , Ming Julia , Su Guanfang 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
C26H18N2O8, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.7679(19) Å, b = 11.000(3) Å, c = 13.370(3) Å, α = 75.682(5)°, β = 81.286(5)°, γ = 69.905(5)°, V = 1036.7(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0643, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1680, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of 1,1-dimethyl-3-(2-phenylethyl)urea, C11H16N2O
Authors: El-Hiti Gamal A. , Smith Keith , Alshammari Mohammed B. , Alotaibi Mohammad Hayal , Kariuki Benson M. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
C11H16N2O, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 10.7388(6) Å, b = 9.8449(5) Å, c = 21.1259(14) Å, V = 2233.5(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt
(F) = 0.0582, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.1795, T = 293 K.
An Examination of Approach Run Kinematics in Track and Field Jumping Events
Authors: Makaruk Hubert , Porter Marak , Starzak Marcin , Szymczak Edward 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Introduction. The aim of this study was to examine the changes in selected kinematics in the long jump, triple jump, and pole vault to highlight the unique movement pattern characteristics in the approach runs utilised in these events. Material and methods. Data were collected during 1 international and 2 national competitions from 36 male athletes (12 in each event) using an Optojump Next system. Results. This study showed the long jumpers achieved the highest mean step velocity, with the pole vaulters showing the lowest velocity. The velocity of the last step before the take-off was greater (p < 0.05) than the velocity of the penultimate step in all groups of athletes. The length of the last step before the take-off was greater (p < 0.01) than the length of the penultimate step in long jump and pole vault athletes compared to the triple jumpers. The long jumpers demonstrated less contact time (p < 0.01) than the pole vaulters. The contact time of the take-off leg was shorter (p < 0.01) compared to that of the non-take-off leg in pole vaulters. The pole vaulters demonstrated less flight time (p < 0.05) compared to the triple jumpers. Lastly, the flight time during the last step before the take-off was shorter (p < 0.01) than the flight time during the penultimate step in all groups. Conclusions. These findings revealed that each of the track and field jumping events required a distinctive approach run. Therefore, training workouts need to be designed specifically to train the unique gait pattern of the long jump, triple jump, and pole vault.
Influence of the monodentate ancillary ligand on the photophysical properties of Pt(II) complexes bearing a symmetric dianionic tridentate luminophore
Authors: Stegemann Linda , Sanning Jan , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Strassert Cristian A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Herein we present a study of the influence of the ancillary ligand on the photophysical properties of Pt(II) complexes with a symmetric tridentate luminophore. Starting from a previously used bulky triphenylphosphane (PPh3) as the monodentate ancillary ligand, progressively smaller ancillary ligands were introduced, namely a PPh2Me and a PPhMe2 and finally compared with a planar 4-amylpyridine. We observed that the emission wavelength of the monomer was not influenced by the monodentate ligand, and that excimer formation only occurs for the fully planar complex. Surprisingly, intermolecular deactivation pathways can be largely suppressed even with the smallest phosphane. This knowledge is important for the design and realization of triplet emitters for optoelectronic devices.
Effects of Traditional and Pyramidal Resistance Training Systems on Muscular Strength, Muscle Mass, and Hormonal Responses in Older Women: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Ribeiro Alex S. , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Fleck Steven J. , Pina Fábio L.C. , Nascimento Matheus A. , Cyrino Edilson S. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Ribeiro, AS, Schoenfeld, BJ, Fleck, SJ, Pina, FLC, Nascimento, MA, and Cyrino, ES. Effects of traditional and pyramidal resistance training systems on muscular strength, muscle mass, and hormonal responses in older women: a randomized crossover trial. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1888–1896, 2017—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training (RT) performed in a pyramid (PR) versus a traditional (TD) system on muscular strength, muscle mass, and hormonal responses in older women. Twenty-five older women (67.6 ± 5.1 years, 65.9 ± 11.1 kg, 154.7 ± 5.8 cm, and 27.5 ± 4.5 kg·m−2) performed both a TD and PR system RT program in a balanced crossover design. The TD program consisted of 3 sets of 8–12 repetition maximum (RM) with a constant load for the 3 sets, whereas the PR system consisted of 3 sets of 12/10/8-RM with incrementally higher loads for each set. Training was performed in 2 phases of 8 weeks each, with a 12-week washout between the 8-week phases. One repetition maximum (1RM) tests were used as measures of muscular strength. Dual X-ray absorptiometry was used to estimate skeletal muscle mass. Testosterone and IGF-1 concentrations were determined preintervention and postintervention after 12 hours fasting. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) increases were observed in both groups for muscular strength in the 1RM chest press (TD = 12.4% and effect size [ES] = 0.86 vs. PR = 11.5% and ES = 0.74), knee extension (TD = 12.5% and ES = 0.61 vs. PR = 11.8% and ES = 0.62), preacher curl (TD = 10.9% and ES = 0.63 vs. PR = 8.6% and ES = 0.54), and for skeletal muscle mass (TD = 3.6% and ES = 0.32 vs. PR = 2.4% and ES = 0.24) with no differences between groups. There were no significant (p > 0.05) main effects for IGF-1 and testosterone. The results suggest that the PR and TD systems performed are similarly effective for promoting positive adaptations in muscular strength and hypertrophy in older women.
Validation of Heart Rate Monitor Polar RS800 for Heart Rate Variability Analysis During Exercise
Authors: Hernando David , Garatachea Nuria , Almeida Rute , Casajús Jose A. , Bailón Raquel 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Hernando, D, Garatachea, N, Almeida, R, Casajús, JA, and Bailón, R. Validation of heart rate monitor Polar RS800 for heart rate variability analysis during exercise. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 716–725, 2018—Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis during exercise is an interesting noninvasive tool to measure the cardiovascular response to the stress of exercise. Wearable heart rate monitors are a comfortable option to measure interbeat (RR) intervals while doing physical activities. It is necessary to evaluate the agreement between HRV parameters derived from the RR series recorded by wearable devices and those derived from an electrocardiogram (ECG) during dynamic exercise of low to high intensity. Twenty-three male volunteers performed an exercise stress test on a cycle ergometer. Subjects wore a Polar RS800 device, whereas ECG was also recorded simultaneously to extract the reference RR intervals. A time–frequency spectral analysis was performed to extract the instantaneous mean heart rate (HRM), and the power of low-frequency (PLF) and high-frequency (PHF) components, the latter centered on the respiratory frequency. Analysis was done in intervals of different exercise intensity based on oxygen consumption. Linear correlation, reliability, and agreement were computed in each interval. The agreement between the RR series obtained from the Polar device and from the ECG is high throughout the whole test although the shorter the RR is, the more differences there are. Both methods are interchangeable when analyzing HRV at rest. At high exercise intensity, HRM and PLF still presented a high correlation (ρ > 0.8) and excellent reliability and agreement indices (above 0.9). However, the PHF measurements from the Polar showed reliability and agreement coefficients around 0.5 or lower when the level of the exercise increases (for levels of O2 above 60%).
América Latina fumigada y crisis de las commodities. El caso del glifosato de Monsanto
Authors: Bravo Elizabeth , Naranjo Alexander 
Published: October 2016

Las empresas que lucraron del llamado “conceso de las commodities” en América Latina, enfrentan hoy una crisis debido a la caída del precio internacional de productos agrícolas, lo que les ha obligado a reacomodarse. Entre ellas se encuentra la empresa Monsanto, cuyo producto estrella, el herbicida glifosato (del cual la venta está atada a cultivos transgénicos resistentes al herbicida) enfrenta desde hace algunos años una serie de desafíos: con la expiración de su patente, empresas chinas producen masivamente un glifosato genérico más barato; la Agencia Internacional de Investigaciones del Cáncer lo categorizó como un “probable cancerígeno para humanos”, por lo que varios países han prohibido su uso, y la crisis de las commodities ha hecho caer su consumo. Para enfrentar esta problemática, Monsanto ha desarrollado una serie de iniciativas para salir fortalecida de esta crisis: ampliar su oferta de plaguicidas, establecer megafusiones empresariales, presionar a los gobiernos para que adopten políticas que le favorezca; generando graves impactos en América Latina, región donde más se han expandido los cultivos transgénicos.
KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT IKAN KERAPU DI KEPULAUAN KARIMUN JAWA, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Mujiyanto Mujiyanto , Syam Amran Ronny 
Published: October 2016

Perairan Kepulauan Karimunjawa merupakan pemasok ikan kerapu bagi wilayah Pantai Utara Jawa. Permintaan dan harga pasar yang sangat tinggi mendorong nelayan lebih intensif dalammelakukan penangkapan ikan kerapu. Kegiatan penangkapan ikan kerapu selama ini dilakukan pada malam hari dengan alat bantu kompresor dan tembak. Kegiatan tersebut merupakan salah satu usaha untuk mendapatkan jumlah tangkapan yang tinggi tanpa memperhatikan kelestarian habitat dasar perairannya. Penelitian bertujuan untukmengetahui keeratan hubungan ikan kerapu dengan karakteristik habitatnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif eksploratif. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 3 tahun (2011; 2012 dan 2013), waktu sampling masing-masing tahun penelitian berdasarkan musim. Pengamatan visual sensus sepanjang garis transek pada dua kedalaman 5-6 m dan 10-11 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan habitat ikan kerapu pada kedalaman ±5-6 meter adalah non karang serta substrat mati lainnya. Selain itu, ikan-ikan kerapu cenderung bergerak ke perairan yang lebih dalam. Karakteristik habitat pada kedalaman ±10-11 meter menunjukkan ikan kerapu lebih menyukai dasar perairan dengan habitat karang keras yang didominasi oleh gundukan karangmassive yang membentuk celah atau lubang lubang. Perilaku ikan kerapu bergerak dan berpasangan di tempat yang agak gelap (rendah visibilitas) dengan intensitas cahaya yang rendah. Perbedaan habitat kehidupan ikan kerapu pada kedalaman 5-6 dan 10-11 meter adalah dominasi karang jenis Pavona sp dengan tingkat visibilitas perairan yang rendah.Karimunjawa Islands is a supplier of grouper fish for the north coast of Java. Grouper fishing activities have been carried out fishing done at night with a compressor and shooting aids. Fishing activity is an effort to get the number of catches were high regardless habitat resources of waters. The research aims to determine the correlation grouper fish with habitat characteristics. Method be used is descriptive exploratory method. The research was done in over three years (2011; 2012 and 2013), each sampling of research based on season time. The observations visual census along on line transect at two depths (± 5-6 and ± 10-11 meters). The results showed that habitat in depth ± 5-6 meters, that grouper fish was found in non-reef habitats and other death substrates, as well as show grouper fish tend to move to deeper waters. Characteristics habitats in a depth of ±10-11 meters prefers bottom waters with hard coral habitats with dominated by massive coral mounds are a lot of gaps or holes. Behavior grouper fish move and paired witha low visibility (low intensity of light). Differences habitats of grouper fish life in depth ± 5-6 and ± 10-11 meters is coral dominated by Pavona sp and low visibility of water level.
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN DAN TINGKAT TROFIK DI WILAYAH GENANGAN WADUK JATIGEDE PRAINUNDASI, KABUPATEN SUMEDANG-JAWA BARAT
Authors: Warsa Andri , Soewardi Kadarwan , Hariyadi Sigid 
Published: October 2016

<p>Waduk Jatigede dibangun dengan membendung Sungai Cimanuk dan memiliki luas 4.122 ha serta merupakan waduk multifungsi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas ikan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya makanan oleh beberapa jenis ikan yang terdapat di DAS Cimanuk wilayah genangan Waduk Jatigede pra inundasi. Penelitian dilakukan setiap bulan pada Februari-Mei 2015 setiap bulan pada minggu pertama. Sampel ikan diperoleh dengan menggunakan jaring insang, jala, dan pancing. Percobaan penangkapan dilakukan di Sungai Cialing (inlet), Genteng, Cimanuk dan Cinambo (outlet). Ikan yang tertangkap dipisahkan berdasarkan jenisnya dan diukur panjang total serta ditimbang bobotnya. Untuk analisis kebiasaan makan kebiasaan makan, saluran pencernaan diambil dan diawetkan dengan formalin 4%. Untuk identifikasi contoh ikan diawetkan dengan formalin 10%. Ikan yang tertangkap selama penelitian sebanyak 11 jenis. Ikan yang dominan adalah lalawak dan genggehek<em>. </em>Rasio biomassa-kelimpahan ikan menujukkan bahwa komunitas ikan di Waduk Jatigede sebelum penggenangan dalam kondisi terganggu. Jenis makanan alami yang dimanfaatkan oleh komunitas ikan di Sungai Cimanuk wilayah genangan Waduk Jatigede adalah detritus, krustase, annelida, insekta, moluska, tumbuhan dan fitoplankton.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><em>Jatigede Reservoir was build with damming of Cimanuk River has about 4.122 ha surface area as wel as multi purpose reservoir. The aim of the research is to known the fish community structure and trophic level by fishes community at Cimanuk River arround Jatigede Reservoir pre inudated. The research was carried out in February-May 2015. Fish sample was obtained by using gillnet, hook and cast net. The experimental fishings were setting at Cialing</em> (<em>inlet</em>), <em>Genteng</em>, <em>Cimanuk and Cinambo</em> (<em>outlet</em>).<em> Fish sample were separated according speciesand was measured of total lenght. To the analisys of food habits, digestive tract was preserved using formalin 4%. For identification, fish sample was preserved using formalin 10%. About 11 fish species were recorded. Dominan fish catches were Barbonymus balleroides and Mystacoleucus marginatus. According to Abundance-Biomass Comparisson, fish community was under pressure (unstable). Natural feeds observed were detritus, crustacea, annelida, insecta, molusca, plant and phytoplankton. </em></p>
KESEHATAN TERUMBU KARANG DAN STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN DI PERAIRAN PANTAI PANGANDARAN, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Hartati Sri Turni , Rahman Arip 
Published: October 2016

<p>Keanekaragaman jenis ikan karang merupakan suatu indikator penting yang dapat menggambarkan perubahan lingkungan perairan karang. Perubahan habitat karang adalah resiko yang mungkin dihadapi sebagai akibat pembangunan. Penelitian dilakukan di perairan pantai Pangandaran dengan tujuan mengkaji kesehatan terumbu karang dan indeks ekologis komunitas ikan karang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah <em>line intercept transect</em> untuk menentukan persen tutupan karang dan metode sensus visual untuk menentukan keanekaragaman ikan karang pada area seluas 250m<sup>2</sup>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kesehatan terumbu karang pada kondisi buruk, tutupan karang hidup 11,4 -20,74%. Teridentifikasi 66 jenis ikan karang dengan kriteria kepadatan sangat jarang (0,59 – 0,91) ind/m<sup>2</sup>. Indeks kekayaan ikan karang pada kategori baik (4,60-8,68), keanekaragaman jenis ikan karang termasuk dalam kategori sedang (2,57-3,36). Tidak terjadi dominasi jenis ikan karang tertentu (0,05-0,120) dan kemerataan populasi di lokasi penelitian termasuk tinggi (0,81-0,87).</p><p> </p><p><em>Reef fish diversity is a major indicator to expose a current environmental state of coral reefs. Economic developments probably lead to habitat alteration risks. The research was conducted in Pangandaran Beach Waters, Batu Karas, Pananjung Barat, Pananjung Timur. The research objective was, to assess the reef health, and to fine out several diversity indices of reef fish communities. Methods used for those are a line intercept transect and census visual technique within area of 250 m<sup>2</sup>. The results showed that all of the area had a poor reef health category(11,4-20,74%), reef fish densities were grouped in very rare areas, especially &lt; 1-5 ind/m<sup>2</sup>. Richnes indices had a good category(4,60-8,68), shannon diversity indices of reef fish felt in the fair category(</em>2,57-3,36), <em>dominance indices of reef fish felt in the low category(0,05-0,120) and evenness indices were felt in a high category(0,81-0,87).</em></p>
O SOCIAL E AS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE: DAS DESIGUALDADES À VIOLÊNCIA NO ESPAÇO EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Dos Santos Marizete Santana 
Published: October 2016

Resenha de <p align="left">ALMEIDA, Maria de Lourdes Pinto de; BONETI, Lindomar Wessler; PACIEVITCH, Thaís (Org.). <strong>O social e as Políticas Educacionais na contemporaneidade: das desigualdades à violência no espaço educacional</strong>. Campinas: Mercado de Letras, 2014. 252 p. </p>