bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological variations of the superficial brachial artery in cadaveric study: An embryological and clinical correlation
Authors: Prabhakar T , Gurram Vinodkumar , Kumar Rakesh , Choudhari Gunwant 
Published: October 2024

The axillary artery (AA) branches into six vessels within the axilla. The brachial artery then continues at the teres major muscle's lower border. The brachial artery (BA) splits into the ulnar and radial terminal branches at the level of the radius neck or the cubital fossa. The underlying BA is an uncommon variant of the axillary artery that can have an impact on neural structures. This study aims to analyze the morphological relationship between the superficial brachial artery (SBA) originating from the AA and the segmental variation of the AA. : The research done in the Anatomy Department of Zydus Medical College and Hospital in Dahod involved the examination of the 16 upper limb of 8 cadavers. These cadavers were obtained over the course of one year and were used for undergraduate study in the First MBBS program. The dissection was done in the axilla and the arm. During the routine anatomy, dissection was observed a variant of the SBA and its termination.For this investigation, six Arm specimens were dissected. We have noticed a superficial brachial artery with an axillary origin in 2 cadavers. In the left arm, there was only one case (1.0%) of the SBA, which assets the arm muscles. There was only one case (1.0%) of SBA in the right arm merging with the deep brachial artery (DBA) in the Cubital fossa and extending as the radial artery (RA) of the forearm. Variations of SBA have significance essential during surgical procedures. Morphological variations, as well as topographical variations, are significant factors in surgery of “upper limb as well asregular clinical practice. The use of surgical techniques is crucial in order to prevent injury to arteries, particularly in the upper limb as well as axilla regions.
Examination of vitamin D status in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Dahal Tshetiz , Abraham Jeby 
Published: October 2024

It is uncertain how vitamin D affects obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Research indicates that neuropsychiatric disorders may be linked to vitamin D insufficiency. This study aims to look into vitamin D levels in people with OCD diagnoses. Furthermore, the relationship between the severity of OCD symptoms and serum vitamin D levels is examined. The study included 170 healthy volunteers and approximately 174 newly diagnosed OCD patients. To evaluate the intensity of OCD symptoms, the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) was employed. The two groups' serum vitamin D levels were contrasted.It was discovered that the OCD group's serum vitamin D levels were noticeably lower than those of the control group. There was no association found between the length of disease in OCD patients and blood vitamin D levels, but there was a negative correlation between the serum vitamin D levels and the overall scale scores, obsession, and compulsion as measured by YBOCS.To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first studies looking at vitamin D levels in adult OCD patients who have just received a diagnosis and do not have any concomitant conditions. Even though our results imply that vitamin D might be involved in the pathogenesis of OCD, more research is required to corroborate our findings.
Morphological analysis of Humeroulnar arcade and its practical implications: A cadaveric observational study
Authors: Murugan Magi , Raghavalakshmi S , Ramakrishnan Rajprasath , Kumar V Dinesh , Devi Rema 
Published: October 2024

: Cubital tunnel’s roof is made of a fibrous band of tissue called Osborne’s ligament which extends between the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. This band is a potential cause of ulnar nerve compression in the cubital tunnel.: A total of 30 embalmed cadaver was used and were classified using the O’ Driscoll classification. At different angles of the elbow flexion [20-140 degrees], the tautness of the ligament was noted and the variation of the length of the ligament concerning these angles was found by using the digital Vernier callipers. 20 cadavers had type 1b, 7 cadavers had type 0, 3 had type 1a and no cadaver had type 2 Osborne’s ligament. The percentage of ulnar nerve compression is more between 80 to 110 degrees of flexion maximum being 90 degrees.: The knowledge of this anatomy may help in treating ulnar nerve compression safely using anterior nerve transposition techniques and analysing the post-surgical MRI images of the cubital tunnel area.
Proposta de incorporar articuladores não-manuais usados nas línguas de sinais para favorecer as representações na área da ciências da natureza
Authors: Gomes Eduardo Andrade , Catão Vinícius 
Published: October 2024

Os Tradutores e Intérpretes Educacionais de Língua de Sinais e Português (TIELSP) e os professores bilíngues utilizam diferentes articuladores manuais e não-manuais das línguas gestuais-visuais para incorporar características da normalização científica aos conceitos visualmente representados em salas de aula com estudantes surdos. Isso acontece, por exemplo, quando é necessário apresentar, respeitando a convenção posta pela Ciência, os 118 elementos químicos dispostos na Tabela Periódica atual. Considera-se para tal a importância das diferentes simbologias serem corretamente representadas em língua de sinais, com o devido rigor trazido pela Ciência, assegurando o direito linguístico dos surdos no acesso ao conhecimento científico. Assim, este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa-exploratória, com exemplos oriundos das Ciências e que se relacionam às experiências de um TIELSP na produção, na tradução de materiais didáticos e na sua atuação como intérprete em diferentes componentes curriculares na área das Ciências da Natureza e da Engenharia. Depreendemos com este artigo que a sinalização das diferentes simbologias científicas, empregando os articuladores não-manuais, pode ser uma importante ferramenta linguística capaz de promover a significação junto aos estudantes surdos na Educação Básica e Superior, principalmente quando se aborda conteúdos científicos que demandam precisão na sua forma de expressão. Por fim, acreditamos, ainda, que este estudo pode favorecer um maior entendimento dos conceitos científicos a esse público, a partir da atuação dos TIELSP e dos professores bilíngues no âmbito das Ciências em geral.
Alu-Mediated Duplication and Deletion of Exon 11 Are a Frequent Mechanism of PALB2 Inactivation Predisposing to Hereditary Breast-Ovarian Cancer Syndrome
Authors: Sidoti Diletta , Margotta Valeria , Calosci Diletta , Fiorentini Erika , Bacci Costanza , Gensini Francesca , Papi Laura , Montini Marco 
Published: October 2024

Large genomic rearrangements of PALB2 gene, particularly deletions and duplications, have been linked to hereditary breast-ovarian cancer. Our research specifically focuses on delineating the intronic breakpoints associated with rearrangements of PALB2 exon 11, which is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying these genomic changes in patients with hereditary breast and ovarian syndrome. By next-generation sequencing, we identified one duplication and three deletions of PALB2 exon 11, confirmed by Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification analysis. To assess the impact on transcription and potential splicing issues, Reverse-Transcription PCR was performed on patients&#039; RNA. For detailed characterization of intronic breakpoints, primer walking approach and long-range PCR were implemented, followed by Sanger sequencing. Our analysis revealed a tandem duplication of 5134 base pairs (bp) mediated by AluY repeats located in introns 10 and 11, respectively. Moreover, identical deletions were identified in three unrelated patients, encompassing an approximate 8050 bp region mediated by AluSx elements. Both genomic alterations resulted in a truncated PALB2 protein due to introduction of a premature stop codon. This study underscores the remarkable instability of intronic regions flanking exon 11 of PALB2 and identifies a previously unreported hotspot involving Alu repeats with very high sequence homology in introns 10 and 11 of the gene. Our findings suggest avenues for further research, such as investigating the prevalence of similar genomic rearrangements in larger cohorts and exploring functional studies to understand how these alterations contribute to hereditary breast cancer pathogenesis.
A Computer Modeling-Based Target Zone for Transposition Osteotomy of the Acetabulum in Patients with Hip Dysplasia
Authors: Kitamura Kenji , Fujii Masanori , Motomura Goro , Hamai Satoshi , Kawahara Shinya , Sato Taishi , Yamaguchi Ryosuke , Hara Daisuke , Utsunomiya Takeshi , Nakashima Yasuharu 
Published: October 2024

Background:
This study aimed to determine the acetabular position to optimize hip biomechanics after transposition osteotomy of the acetabulum (TOA), a specific form of periacetabular osteotomy, in patients with hip dysplasia.

Methods:
We created patient-specific finite-element models of 46 patients with hip dysplasia to simulate 12 virtual TOA scenarios: lateral rotation to achieve a lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) of 30°, 35°, and 40° combined with anterior rotation of 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15°. Joint contact pressure (CP) on the acetabular cartilage during a single-leg stance and simulated hip range of motion without osseous impingement were calculated. The optimal acetabular position was defined as satisfying both normal joint CP and the required range of motion for activities of daily living. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify preoperative morphological predictors of osseous impingement after virtual TOA with adequate acetabular correction.

Results:
The prevalence of hips in the optimal position was highest (65.2%) at an LCEA of 30°, regardless of the amount of anterior rotation. While the acetabular position minimizing peak CP varied among patients, approximately 80% exhibited normalized peak CP at an LCEA of 30° and 35° with 15° of anterior rotation, which were the 2 most favorable configurations among the 12 simulated scenarios. In this context, the preoperative head-neck offset ratio (HNOR) at the 1:30 clock position (p = 0.018) was an independent predictor of postoperative osseous impingement within the required range of motion. Specifically, an HNOR of <0.14 at the 1:30 clock position predicted limitation of required range of motion after virtual TOA (sensitivity, 57%; specificity, 81%; and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.70).

Conclusions:
Acetabular reorientation to an LCEA of between 30° and 35° with an additional 15° of anterior rotation may serve as a biomechanics-based target zone for surgeons performing TOA in most patients with hip dysplasia. However, patients with a reduced HNOR at the 1:30 clock position may experience limited range of motion in activities of daily living postoperatively.

Clinical Relevance:
This study provides a biomechanics-based target for refining acetabular reorientation strategies during TOA while considering morphological factors that may limit the required range of motion.
WITHDRAWN: Evaluation of Spatial Performance in X-ray Imaging Detectors: CTF, MTF, LSF, and ESF Analysis
Authors: SOLOMON GIRMA BINIYAM , Diyor KHAZRATOV , Kuvondik KODIROV , Brombal LUCA 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
War in Ukraine vs. Motherhood: Mental health self-perceptions of relocated pregnant women and new mothers
Authors: Krupelnytska Liudmyla , Vavilova Alona , Yatsenko Nazar , Chrzan-Dętkoś Magdalena , Morozova-Larina Olha , Uka Ana , Rodríguez-Muñoz Maria F. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: The Russian military’s carnal crimes render certain Ukrainian areas uninhabitable. As a result, a significant portion of the population is experiencing stress-related issues caused by hostilities and forced displacement. This research aimed to examine the self-assessed mental health of pregnant women and new mothers (PNM) who faced relocation.
Methods: This report presents findings from a study conducted as part of the Perinatal Mental Health for Refugee Women (PMH-RW) Project. This study used data from 191 PNM who are either internally displaced persons (IDP) or refugees (REF).
Results: A higher number of REF than IDP were from the capital, but fewer from rural communities, and new mothers were more likely to hail from major cities than pregnant women. The discrepancy in migration options likely causes the frequent relocation of some groups to inadequately equipped areas, thereby increasing their vulnerability. For example, REF experienced far less pregnancy complications than IDP. The Gini coefficient of 0.153 suggests minor income inequality among the respondents. However, there is a stark contrast between this relatively low inequality and the substantial reports on worsened financial conditions post-invasion. This finding underscores the significant impact of war-related financial instability on the perceived distress of postnatal mothers (PNM), with financial burdens emerging as a primary predictor of their distress.
Conclusion: The financial burden and socio-economic background of pregnant and new mothers during wartime migration can define their mental health resilience. The inconsistent availability of essential resources caused by wartime economic woes significantly influences the perceived well-being of PNM.
Trial registration: Clinical trial registration was completed at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT05654987 (Date: December 16, 2022).
Dermatitis during adjuvant irradiation for breast cancer (DAI-BREAC): A randomized trial investigating whether grade ≥2 dermatitis during radiotherapy for breast cancer can be reduced by a mobile application that reminds patients to perform skin care
Authors: Rades Dirk , Narvaez-Wolf Carlos A. , Dziggel Liesa , Staackmann Christian , Radtke Maike , Timke Carmen , Kristiansen Charlotte , Duma Marciana N , Yu Nathan Y. , Janssen Stefan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Radiotherapy of breast cancer can be associated with dermatitis. Grade ≥ 2 radiation dermatitis can be painful and impair the patients’ quality of life. To reduce the risk of this complication, patients have to perform skin care several times each day. This may require a considerable level of compliance. This randomized DAI-BREAC trial investigates whether a mobile application reminding the patients four times per day to perform skin care (reminder app) will contribute to reduction of grade ≥ 2 radiation dermatitis.
Methods
This multinational, randomized, active-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter trial compares standard skin care supported by a reminder app (Arm A) versus standard skin care alone (Arm B) regarding grade ≥ 2 radiation dermatitis in patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer. The effect of the app will be considered clinically relevant, if the rate of grade ≥ 2 radiation dermatitis is reduced from 25.4% (rate identified in a preceding study) to 15%. A total of 134 patients per arm including drop-outs are required. Secondary aims include pain (visual analogue scale), patient satisfaction with the app (questionnaire), impact of the app on the use of health technology (questionnaire), and benefit from support (coaching) by staff members regarding the use of the app (questionnaire).
Discussion
If reminder app contributes to a decrease of grade ≥ 2 radiation dermatitis in patients irradiated for breast cancer, it will likely become a useful instrument for these patients.
Trial registration:
clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06483477; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT06483477). Registered on 1st of July, 2024. First patient is planned to be included in September 2024.
The effect of GM-CSF and predictors of treatment outcome in pediatric septic shock patients
Authors: Yu Zhen-Hao , Tian Gui-Xiang , Wang Yao-Dong , Liu Ting-Yan , Shi Peng , Ying Jia-Yun , Chen Wei-Ming , Zhou Yu-Feng , Lu Guo-Ping , Zhang Cai-Yan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Septic shock in pediatric patients frequently leads to high mortality rates, primarily attribute to sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has emerged as a potential therapy to mitigate this immunosuppression. However, the effect of GM-CSF in pediatric septic shock remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the effect of GM-CSF administration and identify the potential treatment outcome predictors in pediatric patients with septic shock.
Methods
The retrospective cohort study was structured to include pediatric patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Children’s Hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai, between January 1st, 2019 and January 1st, 2024, who were diagnosed with septic shock during hospitalization. Data were collected on the demographic characteristics of patients, treatments of GM-CSF and other combined therapies, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were utilized to evaluate the effect of GM-CSF on 28-day mortality and identify its potential treatment outcome predictors.
Results
A total of 200 patients were included in the study: 66 in GM-CSF treatment group and 134 in no GM-CSF treatment group. The 28-day mortality of GM-CSF group showed higher risk compared with no GM-CSF group (59.1% vs. 35.1%, P=0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the effect of GM-CSF showed decreased the risk of 28-day mortality (OR=0.472, 95% CI 0.153-1.457, P=0.192) after adjusting the confounding factors. Potential outcome predictors of GM-CSF treatment included hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), lactic acid (LAC) levels, hospital-acquired septic shock (HASS), red blood cell (RBC) count, and platelet (PLT) count.
Conclusions
GM-CSF treatment showed clinical benefit in pediatric septic shock patients, especially with higher LAC, lower RBC, lower PLT. The potential treatment outcome predictors can be monitored during the treatment of pediatric septic shock.
Trend of Paediatric Medical admissions and outcome of care at a Tertiary Health Facility in Lafia Nasarawa State North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Bello Surajudeen Oyeleke , Ogunkunle Taofik Oluwaseun , Ibrahim Tajudeen Lanre , Mayaki Suleiman , Ozhe Sunday Ikukpla'si , Aliyu Hadizatu , Odiachi Halim Emmanuel , Ayinor John , Noah Victor Onuh , Simon Christiana Lane , Agbo Favour Ene , Ugwu Ann Okwuchukwu , Ikekwe Moses Kelechi , Onigbanjo Adijat Ajoke , Offo Grace , Embugushiki Victor , Kabir Khadija Mohammad , Anderson Immaculata Chinwe , Yakubu Abdullahi , Audu Esther Solomon , Sanni Usman Abiola , Adeyemi Dayo , Dalhat Mahmmod M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The burden of preventable childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries is on the increase. This is worrisome in Nigeria adjudged as one of the countries with the worst under-five mortality report globally and impeding the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal 3 target. We described the trend of Paediatric admissions and outcome over a six-year period at a tertiary facility.
Methods
We reviewed data of all patients aged 29days to < 18years admitted into the Children Medical Ward of the Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital Lafia from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2023. Secondary data abstraction was undertaken for the required information. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The results were presented as frequencies and percentages and reported as tables and graphs.
Results
We documented 9,228 admissions, with more males giving a male to female ratio of 1.3: 1. We successfully managed and discharged 8,300 (89.9%) and recorded 674 (7.3%) deaths, 187 (2.0%) absconded, 99 (1.1%) were discharged against medical advice while 31 (0.3%) were referred for care. An increasing trend in the admissions with declining mortalities were noticed. On the contrary, rising pattern of patients abscondment were observed over the years. The commonest causes of admissions were malaria, pneumonia and diarrhea diseases.
Conclusions
There is a progressive increase in the paediatric medical admission pattern in this study. The childhood mortality rate is high but with a progressive decline in the rate over the years. Discharge against medical advice remained high while the rate of child abscondment is worrisome. Malaria is the commonest reason for admission at our facility, others are Pneumonia, Diarrhea diseases, Sickle cell crisis, and Meningitis. Use of malaria chemoprevention, early diagnosis with a good turnaround time and training will help in improving quality of care and coping with the increasing trend of admissions.
Effects of trimetazidine on cardiac function in patients undergoing pulmonary stereotactic body radiotherapy evaluated by speckle-tracking echocardiography: A randomized, double-blind study
Authors: Li Tingcui , Zhuang Hongqing , Wang Yuxia , Zhu Dan , Cui Ming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Radiation-induced heart damage (RIHD) has become an important factor affecting the long-term prognosis of cancer patients, and there are still no effective prevention or treatment measures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevention and treatment effect of trimetazidine (TMZ) on early subclinical cardiac damage. We conducted a prospective, single-centre, randomized controlled study in the Department of Radiation Oncology of Peking University Third Hospital from May 2021 to April 2022. Patients who planned to receive pulmonary stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) were randomly divided into a TMZ group and a control group. The TMZ group was treated with TMZ 2 weeks before SBRT (20 mg/time, 3 times a day, for 12 weeks). The control group received SBRT 2 weeks after admission. The primary outcomes were myocardial strain indices. Safety was analysed in all treated patients. We enrolled 73 patients, of whom 36 were assigned to the TMZ group and 37 to the control group. One patient in each of the two groups was lost to follow-up. The main outcome index, global longitudinal strain (GLS), was better in the TMZ group than the control group (-11.8 ± 3.7% vs. -10.1 ± 3.4%, P=0.042). There was no significant difference between the two groups in any secondary outcome indicators, including cardiac injury markers, cardiac structure, left ventricular ejection fraction and diastolic function indices. No drug-related adverse reactions occurred. In patients who plan to undergo pulmonary SBRT, TMZ can improve the myocardial strain parameter GLS after pulmonary SBRT, suggesting that TMZ has preventive and therapeutic effects on RIHD.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04939857 (25/06/2021).