bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human and animal in the Renaissance eye
Authors: Gage Frances 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlthough the Venetian senator and horse enthusiast Marino Garzoni (fl. 1688–92) was motivated in part to write his L'arte di ben conoscere e distinguere le qualità de’ cavalli, d'introdurre, e conservare una razza nobile, e di resanare il cavallo da mali… [The Art of Knowing and Distinguishing the Qualities of Horses Well, and Establishing and Preserving a Noble Race, and of Healing the Horse of Sicknesses . . .] (1692) as a memorial to his beloved Turkish horse, which Garzoni had prematurely lost, Garzoni vehemently asserted that animals and humans could not form the bond of friendship. Yet Garzoni argued in his description of the physical characteristics of the ideal horse that its eyes ought to be ‘black, large, clear, jovial, placid and human’. This article examines Garzoni's arguments in relation to discourses about eyes and eye colour in contemporary hippological literature as well as texts on human diversity, aesthetics and physiognomy, considering conceptions of the geohumoral conditioning responsible for specific eye colours and the perceptions of associated character traits. The physical variety found in both horses and humans was perceived to be an indication of the nobility and subjectivity of these species. Garzoni's physical specifications for the ideal horse attest to the fact that for the horse, as for the human, the eyes are the windows to the soul, the avenue by which horses and humans communicate and form emotive bonds, which Garzoni conceived of in terms that largely map onto relations between the sexes. Nevertheless, Garzoni's notion of the ideal horse's eyes reveals the degree to which this species conjoins masculine and feminine traits, characteristics suggesting that it accepts and also always partially resists human government.
Salivary secretory IgA concentration and dental caries in children with Down syndrome
Authors: Hashizume Lina N. , Schwertner Carolina , Moreira Maurício José Santos , Coitinho Adriana Simon , Faccini Lavinia Schuler 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTPurposeTo evaluate the relationship between salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration and dental caries in children with Down syndrome (DS) and compare it with findings in non‐DS children.MethodsThe sample comprised 61 DS children and 52 non‐DS children, aged 6 to 14 years. Caries experience, plaque index (PI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were recorded. Saliva samples were collected from all children. Total salivary sIgA concentrations were determined using an enzymatic assay method.ResultsCaries experience in primary and permanent dentitions were similar in DS and non‐DS children. However, PI and GBI values were significantly lower in DS compared to non‐DS children. DS children had higher salivary sIgA concentrations compared to non‐DS children. No difference in sIgA concentration was observed between children with and without caries experience in either group.ConclusionsDS children have higher salivary sIgA concentrations than non‐DS children. However, this finding did not correlate with caries experience in the study population.
Dialysis‐related Amyloidosis: Is It Gone or Should It Be?
Authors: Labriola Laura , Jadoul Michel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe prevalence and severity of dialysis‐related amyloidosis (DRA) appear to have decreased significantly over the last two decades, although recent, large‐scale epidemiological studies show that DRA continues to occur. Recent experimental findings have documented a direct cellular toxicity of β2microglobulin (β2m) fibrils but the mechanisms of β2m fibrillogenesis remain incompletely understood. Although a high plasma concentration of β2m is still considered as a prerequisite for developing DRA, other factors have been clearly incriminated such as older age at dialysis onset and longer dialysis vintage, or suspected effects such as proinflammatory effects of bioincompatible dialysis techniques. Improved dialysis technology has definitely played a role in delaying the onset of the disease, although the respective contributions of high‐flux biocompatible membranes, use of convective mode, and ultrapure dialysate remain imperfectly defined. Importantly, DRA still does exist and no current dialytic modality seems able to fully prevent it. Awaiting further progress in the understanding of DRA pathogenesis, the use of biocompatible high‐flux membranes and ultrapure dialysate is strongly recommended in order to minimize or delay its onset. Convective regimens may provide an additional benefit.
Suicidal Ideation, Posttraumatic Stress, and Substance Abuse Based on Forcible and Drug‐ or Alcohol‐Facilitated/Incapacitated Rape Histories in a National Sample of Women
Authors: Gilmore Amanda K. , Walsh Kate , Badour Christal L. , Ruggiero Kenneth J. , Kilpatrick Dean G. , Resnick Heidi S. 
Published: March 2017

Mental health symptoms differ among women with forcible rape (FR) compared to drug‐ or alcohol‐facilitated/incapacitated rape (DAFR/IR) histories, but differences in suicidal ideation are unknown. The differences in suicidal ideation based on FR and DAFR/IR history were examined in national samples of college (n = 2,000) and household‐residing (n = 3,001) women. For both college women and household‐residing women, FR and DAFR/IR were associated with recent suicidal ideation. Differences emerged when examined indirectly through recent posttraumatic stress disorder, drug abuse, and alcohol abuse. Therefore, it is important to examine both FR and DAFR/IR when assessing suicidal ideation.
Bartonella henselae in canine cavitary effusions: prevalence, identification, and clinical associations
Authors: Weeden Amy L. , Cherry Natalie A. , Breitschwerdt Edward B. , Cheves Avery G. , Wamsley Heather L. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundPrevious reports suggest an association between Bartonella infection and effusions in dogs and human beings.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of Bartonella infection in canine effusions and to investigate historic and clinical parameters predictive of Bartonella in dogs with effusions.MethodsCanine cavitary effusions submitted for analysis and, if available, paired EDTA blood, were screened for Bartonella infection using the Bartonella α‐proteobacteria growth medium enrichment culture/PCR diagnostic platform (Bartonella enrichment PCR or ePCR) at Galaxy Diagnostics, Inc.ResultsBartonella henselaeDNA was PCR‐amplified and sequenced from 15% (12/80) of sampled dogs. Enrichment culture prior to PCR testing was required for Bartonella detection in 92% (11/12) of cases. Twenty percent (4/20), 13% (8/60), and 0% (0/4) of dogs with pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial effusions, respectively, tested positive. Bartonella henselae was detected most frequently in the fall, and young and middle‐aged dogs appeared to be overrepresented. Golden Retrievers and Yorkshire/Silky Terriers each comprised 25% of infected dogs (odds ratio 3.4 for Golden Retrievers). There was a weak association with hemorrhagic effusions. Fifty percent of Bartonella‐positive dogs had hemorrhage as a component of their effusion compared to 37% of PCR‐negative dogs (odds ratio 1.7).ConclusionsViable B henselae organisms occur in pleural and peritoneal effusions of dogs; the clinical relevance of which remains unclear and may represent opportunistic infection. Associations found in this study included seasonal variation, age, breed, and site of effusion.
The effect of a herbal paste and oil extract on the lipid content of canine hair fibres
Authors: Momota Yutaka , Shimada Kenichiro , Kadoya Chihiro , Gin Azusa , Kobayashi Jun , Nakamura Yuka , Matsubara Takako , Sako Toshinori 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundApplication of herbal paste and oil to a dog's coat and body before rinsing (often combining with shampooing) is a cosmetic therapy available in Japan. It is highly appreciated by users, who claim that the treatment makes the coat shinier, improves volume and eliminates tangles. However, there has been no scientific evaluation of such treatments.Hypothesis/ObjectivesImprovement of hair condition is derived from oils such as sebum and conditioning oils because chemicals are not used. Therefore, we examined nonpolar lipids (the primary lipids in dog hair) and the botanical oils used in this therapy.AnimalsHair samples were obtained from six beagle dogs.MethodsGroups were based on different combinations of the following processes: rinsing, shampooing, herbal therapy and herbal therapy with oil extract. Analysis of lipids was performed by high performance thin layer chromatography.ResultsThe processes of shampooing and herbal therapy were associated with an equivalent reduction in cholesterol ester and triglyceride (TG). However, hair treated by herbal therapy combined with oil extract had an almost three‐fold higher TG content, even after shampooing.Conclusions and clinical importanceThis study demonstrated that the herbal therapy was able to coat hair samples with TG that was not removed with rinsing. Further investigation is required to evaluate the possible benefits of the application of botanical products containing lipids, such as TG, on hair coat quality in dogs.
Baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity in early heart failure assessed by the sequence method
Authors: Lataro Renata Maria , Silva Luiz Eduardo Virgilio , Silva Carlos Alberto Aguiar , Salgado Helio Cesar , Fazan Rubens 
Published: March 2017

Key points
The integrity of the baroreflex control of sympathetic activity in heart failure (HF) remains under debate.
We proposed the use of the sequence method to assess the baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA).
The sequence method assesses the spontaneous arterial pressure (AP) fluctuations and their related changes in heart rate (or other efferent responses), providing the sensitivity and the effectiveness of the baroreflex. Effectiveness refers to the fraction of spontaneous AP changes that elicits baroreflex‐mediated variations in the efferent response.
Using three different approaches, we showed that the baroreflex sensitivity between AP and RSNA is not altered in early HF rats. However, the sequence method provided evidence that the effectiveness of baroreflex in changing RSNA in response to AP changes is markedly decreased in HF.
The results help us better understand the baroreflex control of the sympathetic nerve activity.
AbstractIn heart failure (HF), the reflex control of the heart rate is known to be markedly impaired; however, the baroreceptor control of the sympathetic drive remains under debate. Applying the sequence method to a series of arterial pressure (AP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), we demonstrated a clear dysfunction in the baroreflex control of sympathetic activity in rats with early HF. We analysed the baroreflex control of the sympathetic drive using three different approaches: AP vs. RSNA curve, cross‐spectral analysis and sequence method between AP and RSNA. The sequence method also provides the baroreflex effectiveness index (BEI), which represents the percentage of AP ramps that actually produce a reflex response. The methods were applied to control rats and rats with HF induced by myocardial infarction. None of the methods employed to assess the sympathetic baroreflex gain were able to detect any differences between the control and the HF group. However, rats with HF exhibited a lower BEI compared to the controls. Moreover, an optimum delay of 1 beat was observed, i.e. 1 beat is required for the RSNA to respond after AP changing, which corroborates with the findings related to the timing between these two variables. For delay 1, the BEI of the controls was 0.45 ± 0.03, whereas the BEI of rats with HF was 0.29 ± 0.09 (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that while the gain of the baroreflex is not affected in early HF, its effectiveness is markedly decreased. The analysis of the spontaneous changes in AP and RSNA using the sequence method provides novel insights into arterial baroreceptor reflex function.
Los hornos de colmena de Vijes (Valle del Cauca), un patrimonio material e inmaterial que es preciso recuperar y preservar
Authors: Hincapié Aristizabal Ricardo , Delvasto Arjona Silvio , Contreras Rengifo Rafael 
Published: March 2017

Abordaremos en este artículo, en forma muy condensada, los hornos de colmena de Vijes (Valle del Cauca): inicialmente nos referiremos a su procedencia, a cómo fueron construidos, cómo evolucionaron en el tiempo, al paisaje de la industria artesanal de la cal a que dieron lugar y a los oficios artesanales asociados a estas estructuras; posteriormente estudiaremos, igualmente de manera breve, las culturas del trabajo y las prácticas sociales que se dieron alrededor de estos hornos, cómo esas culturas y esas prácticas se vinieron a menos con la crisis económica, social y ambiental por la que pasa hoy Vijes y su industria artesanal de la cal, que involucra todos los estratos sociales y sectores de la población, la cual, como crisis ética, implica a la clase política que controla el poder en el municipio; finalmente, propondremos una posible alternativa a esta profunda crisis, que pensamos puede ser enfrentada a través de un proyecto de recuperación integral (económico, social, ambiental, cultural) cuyos protagonistas y beneficiarios directos deben ser la propia población del municipio y sus organizaciones sociales.
Promotion and Rescue of Intracellular Brucella neotomae Replication during Coinfection with Legionella pneumophila
Authors: Kang Yoon-Suk , Kirby James E. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

We established a new
Brucella neotomae
in vitro
model system for study of type IV secretion system-dependent (T4SS) pathogenesis in the
Brucella
genus. Importantly,
B. neotomae
is a rodent pathogen, and unlike
B. abortus
,
B. melitensis
, and
B. suis
,
B. neotomae
has not been observed to infect humans. It therefore can be handled more facilely using biosafety level 2 practices. More particularly, using a series of novel fluorescent protein and
lux
operon reporter systems to differentially label pathogens and track intracellular replication, we confirmed T4SS-dependent intracellular growth of
B. neotomae
in macrophage cell lines. Furthermore,
B. neotomae
exhibited early endosomal (LAMP-1) and late endoplasmic reticulum (calreticulin)-associated phagosome maturation. These findings recapitulate prior observations for human-pathogenic
Brucella
spp. In addition, during coinfection experiments with
Legionella pneumophila
, we found that defective intracellular replication of a
B. neotomae
T4SS
virB4
mutant was rescued and baseline levels of intracellular replication of wild-type
B. neotomae
were significantly stimulated by coinfection with wild-type but not T4SS mutant
L. pneumophila
. Using confocal microscopy, it was determined that intracellular colocalization of
B. neotomae
and
L. pneumophila
was required for rescue and that colocalization came at a cost to
L. pneumophila
fitness. These findings were not completely expected based on known temporal and qualitative differences in the intracellular life cycles of these two pathogens. Taken together, we have developed a new system for studying
in vitro
Brucella
pathogenesis and found a remarkable T4SS-dependent interplay between
Brucella
and
Legionella
during macrophage coinfection.
Debugging the Black Box
Authors: Yang James C. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Summary: A better understanding of the mechanisms by which tumor rejection succeeds and fails is needed to improve immunotherapies. Here, Anagnostou and colleagues find that mutations predicted to be the most immunogenic are preferentially lost when cancer progresses through checkpoint blockade. Cancer Discov; 7(3); 250–1. ©2017 AACR.
See related article by Anagnostou et al., p. 264.
Determinants of Intra-ASEAN Migration
Authors: Tuccio Michele 
Published: March 2017

International labor mobility in Southeast Asia has risen drastically in recent decades and is expected to continue increasing with the establishment of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Economic Community in 2015. This paper looks at the determinants of the movement of workers and finds three structural factors that will likely drive further intra-ASEAN migration in the coming years: (i) demographic transition, (ii) large income differentials between economies, and (iii) the porosity of borders. A microfounded gravity model is estimated in order to empirically analyze the main determinants of intra-ASEAN migration in the period 1960–2000. Results suggest that the movement of migrants between Southeast Asian economies has mostly been driven by higher wages and migrant social networks in destination economies, as well as natural disasters in origin economies.
Coupling Groundwater, Vegetation, and Atmospheric Processes: A Comparison of Two Integrated Models
Authors: Sulis Mauro , Williams John L. , Shrestha Prabhakar , Diederich Malte , Simmer Clemens , Kollet Stefan J. , Maxwell Reed M. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This study compares two modeling platforms, ParFlow.WRF (PF.WRF) and the Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform (TerrSysMP), with a common 3D integrated surface–groundwater model to examine the variability in simulated soil–vegetation–atmosphere interactions. Idealized and hindcast simulations over the North Rhine–Westphalia region in western Germany for clear-sky conditions and strong convective precipitation using both modeling platforms are presented. Idealized simulations highlight the strong variability introduced by the difference in land surface parameterizations (e.g., ground evaporation and canopy transpiration) and atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) schemes on the simulated land–atmosphere interactions. Results of the idealized simulations also suggest a different range of sensitivity in the two models of land surface and atmospheric parameterizations to water-table depth fluctuations. For hindcast simulations, both modeling platforms simulate net radiation and cumulative precipitation close to observed station data, while larger differences emerge between spatial patterns of soil moisture and convective rainfall due to the difference in the physical parameterization of the land surface and atmospheric component. This produces a different feedback by the hydrological model in the two platforms in terms of discharge over different catchments in the study area. Finally, an analysis of land surface and ABL heat and moisture budgets using the mixing diagram approach reveals different sensitivities of diurnal atmospheric processes to the groundwater parameterizations in both modeling platforms.
A Dynamically Consistent Reconstruction of Ocean Temperature
Authors: Shen Samuel S. P. , Behm Gregory P. , Song Y. Tony , Qu Tangdong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper provides a spectral optimal gridding (SOG) method to make a dynamically consistent reconstruction of water temperature for the global ocean at different depth levels. The dynamical consistency is achieved by using the basis of empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) derived from NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) non-Boussinesq ocean general circulation model (OGCM) output at ¼° resolution from 1958 to 2013. A convenient singular value decomposition (SVD) method is used to calculate the EOFs, in order to enable efficient computing for a fine spatial grid globally. These EOFs are used as explainable variables and are regressed against the sparsely distributed in situ ocean temperature data at 33 standard depth levels. The observed data are aggregated onto a 1° latitude–longitude grid at each level from the surface to the 5500-m layer for the period 1950–2014. Three representative temperature reconstruction examples are presented and validated: two 10-m-layer (i.e., the second layer from the surface) reconstructions for January 2008 and January 1998, which are compared with independent sea surface temperature (SST) observations; and one 100-m-layer reconstruction for January 1998, which shows a strong cold anomaly El Niño signal in the western tropical Pacific up to −5°C from 150°E to 140°W. The SOG reconstruction can accurately locate the El Niño signal region in different ocean layers. The SOG reconstruction method is shown reliable and yields satisfactory accuracy even with sparse data. Validation and error analysis indicate that no systematic biases exist in the observed and reconstructed data.
Real-time SPARSE-SENSE cine MR imaging in atrial fibrillation: a feasibility study
Authors: Goebel Juliane , Nensa Felix , Schemuth Haemi P , Maderwald Stefan , Quick Harald H , Schlosser Thomas , Nassenstein Kai 
Published: March 2017

Background Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relies on correct ECG-gating, which is hindered in arrhythmia. Purpose To examine whether a prototype free-breathing real-time cine sequence using SPARSE-SENSE (SPARSE) improves left ventricular quantification in atrial fibrillation. Material and Methods On a 1.5T MR system left ventricular short-axis stacks were acquired of the SPARSE sequence and of a “reference” steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequence with arrhythmia rejection in 20 patients with atrial fibrillation. Two radiologists independently rated arrhythmia-caused artifact severity in both sequences using a 4-point scale. Coefficients of variation of myocardial signal intensity for both sequences were acquired. Volumetry was performed twice by one reader and once by another reader. Correlation between artifact severity and employed sequence was analyzed by modified Fisher’s exact test. Coefficients of variation and volumetric data were compared by paired t-test and intraclass correlation. Results Median arrhythmia-caused artifact severity was 2 in both readers for SSFP and 0 (reader 1)/1 (reader 2) for SPARSE, being significantly lower in SPARSE ( P < 0.001). Mean coefficient of variance was significantly smaller in SPARSE (0.11 ± 0.04) compared to SSFP (0.22 ± 0.13, P = 0.003), which was interpreted as a hint for fewer artifacts in SPARSE. Only a small difference of 9 ± 15 mL was seen for end-systolic volume ( P = 0.019) between sequences, otherwise no significant difference was detected (end-diastolic volume, P = 0.200; stroke volume, P = 0.554; ejection fraction, P = 0.136; myocardial mass, P = 0.353). Intraclass correlation between sequences was good to excellent (range, 0.80–0.97). Conclusion Real-time MRI with SPARSE data sampling is promising in atrial fibrillation because it reduces arrhythmia-caused artifacts.