bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Mindfulness‐Based Counseling on the Mental Health of Women With a History of COVID‐19 During Pregnancy: A Quasi‐Experimental Study
Authors: Shahriyari Najmeh , Omidvar Shabnam , Mohsenzadeh‐Ledari Farideh , Azizi Alireza , Gholinia Hemmat 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionWith the spread of COVID‐19, certain population groups, including pregnant women, were more susceptible than others. This disease can lead to postpartum complications, including mental disorders, in mothers. Few studies have investigated the impact of mindfulness‐based interventions on mental health, and the most effective counseling approach to promote mental health has not been identified.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the impact of online mindfulness‐based counseling on improving mental health among women with a history of COVID‐19 during pregnancy in Iran.MethodsThe present study was a quasi‐experimental design conducted on 100 women with a history of coronavirus infection during pregnancy referred to the Mother's Clinic of Yahya Nejad and Ayatollah Rouhani Educational‐Treatment Hospital, affiliated with Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran, via convenience sampling. The women were randomly assigned to the intervention (mindfulness‐based counseling) and control groups. The intervention group received eight 45‐min weekly mindfulness‐based counseling sessions over 8 weeks. Data were collected via a demographic information questionnaire and the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire before and after the intervention, which were completed by both groups. Independent t‐tests and analysis of covariances (ANCOVAs) were used to compare the outcomes of the two groups.ResultsAfter controlling for confounding variables, the mean mental health scores before and after counseling were 29.42 ± 4.49 and 19.80 ± 3.88, respectively, in the intervention group and 26.26 ± 2.29 and 25.92 ± 2.15, respectively, in the control group. The mean mental health score in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (F = 266.7, p < 0.001). The mean scores for somatic symptoms (F = 89.30, p < 0.001), depression symptoms (F = 142.71, p < 0.001), anxiety and insomnia symptoms (F = 120.56, p < 0.001), and social dysfunction scores (F = 127.77, p < 0.001) were significantly different between the two groups after counseling.ConclusionThe findings indicated that online mindfulness‐based counseling positively affects mental health and its domains during the postpartum period. However, further randomized clinical trials are needed before a definitive conclusion can be drawn.Trial RegistrationWe were not allowed to register according to the law of our country.
Causal Relationship Between Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder and Immune Cell Traits: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wang Jian , Shao Yuan , Deng Xianhua , Du Jianbin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionPost‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychological disorder that occurs after exposure to catastrophic‐level experiences. Although alterations in immune function have been identified in individuals with PTSD, the causal relationship between the two remains unclear.MethodsTo investigate the causal relationship between PTSD and immune function, we conducted the forward and backward two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, based on summary‐level genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) data on PTSD and immune cell traits.ResultsFor the forward MR analysis, PTSD was found to reduce the levels of CD62L− dendritic cell (DC) (beta = −0.254, FDR = 0.01), CD86+ myeloid DC (beta = −0.238, FDR = 0.014), CD62L− myeloid DC (beta = −0.26, FDR = 0.01), CD62L− CD86+ myeloid DC absolute count (beta = −0.264, FDR = 0.024), and CD62L− CD86+ myeloid DC (beta = −0.328, FDR = 0.002). In contrast, PTSD was observed to increase the level of CD28− CD8dim T‐cell absolute count (beta = 0.27, FDR = 0.029). For the backward MR analysis, the odds ratio (OR) for CD33 on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b− in relation to PTSD risk was found to be 1.045 (95% CI = 1.021–1.069, FDR = 0.008). The OR for FSC‐A on HLA DR+ CD8br was 1.048 (95% CI = 1.018–1.079, FDR = 0.039) and for CCR2 on CD14− CD16+ monocyte was 1.059 (95% CI = 1.027–1.092, FDR = 0.008). No significant pleiotropy was detected in both forward and backward MR analyses.ConclusionThe bidirectional MR study shed light on the intricate interplay between immune function and PTSD. The identification of a bidirectional causal relationship between T cells and PTSD opens new avenues for considering innovative approaches to the prevention and early intervention of PTSD.
Cerebral salt wasting syndrome in an elderly patient with cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Kawa Leslie Bahn , Bhatti Kulsoom Fatima 
Published: October 2024

Key Clinical MessageHyponatremia is a common electrolyte disturbance seen among the acute geriatric admissions with two common diagnostic entities; the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS) that have different clinical and biochemical presentations, different pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. Hyponatremia caused by CSWS in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) a prevalent condition among the elderly, can be masked in geriatric patients with concomitant fluctuating neurological deficits. Correct diagnosis is crucial to appropriate management. In this case report we describe an association between hyponatremia caused by CSWS in a patient with cSVD.
Infective endocarditis following percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty: A case report of a 25‐year‐old female from Jimma Medical Center of Ethiopia
Authors: Tukeni Kedir Negesso , Woyimo Tamirat Godebo , Diba Leta Alemu , Asefa Elsah Tegene 
Published: October 2024

Key Clinical MessageRheumatic mitral stenosis is a common rheumatic heart diseases in sub‐Saharan Afrleading to increased morbidity and mortality. Percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty is the mainstay of less invasive therapy in those with moderate to severe valve stenosis, being symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy. Though generally save with experienced hand and setup, post procedural complications include development of mitral regurgitation, tear and thrombosis. Mitral leaflet tear and development of infective endocarditis are an uncommon but might lead to increased morbidity, rehospitalization and mortality.
Tuning the Reactivity of Copper(II)–Nitrite Core Towards Nitric Oxide Generation
Authors: Kakkarakkal Dhanusree C. , Radhamani Rejith , Bertke Jeffery A. , Kundu Subrata 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInsights into the molecular mechanism and factors affecting nitrite‐to‐NO transformation at transition metal sites are essential for developing sustainable technologies relevant to NO‐based therapeutics, waste water treatment, and agriculture. A set of copper(II)–nitrite complexes 1–4 have been isolated employing tridentate pincer‐type ligands (quL, pyL, ClArOL−, PhOL−) featuring systematically varied donors. Although the X‐ray crystal structures of the copper(II)–nitrite cores in 1–4 are comparable, electrochemical studies on complexes 1–4 reveal that redox properties of these complexes differ due to the changes in the σ‐donor abilities of the phenolate/N‐heterocycle based donor sites. Reactivity of these nitrite complexes with oxygen‐atom‐transfer (OAT) reagent (e. g. triphenyl phosphine Ph3P) and H+/e− donor reagent (e. g. substituted phenols ArOH) show the reduction of nitrite to NO gas. Detailed kinetic investigations including kinetic isotope effect (KIE), Eyring analyses for determining the activation parameters unfold that reduction of nitrite at copper(II) by Ph3P or ArOH are influenced by the CuII/CuI redox potential. Finally, this study allows mechanism driven development of catalytic nitrite reduction by ArOH in the presence of 10 mol % copper complex (1).
Perylene Bisimide‐Functionalized Triphenylmethyl Radicals Showing High Stability and Reversible Electrochemical Redox Properties
Authors: Feng Zhibin , Wang Bohan , Zhou Jiadong , Liu Linlin , Xie Zengqi , Ma Yuguang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study presents a series of triphenylmethyl monoradicals incorporating varying numbers of peripheral perylene bisimide (PBI) substituents (1PBI‐TTM⋅, 2PBI‐TTM⋅ and 3PBI‐TTM⋅). The incorporation of electron‐withdrawing PBI substituents significantly enhances the stability of these carbon radicals, enabling them to display exceptional electrochemical redox reversibility. Notably, the electronic interplay between the PBI substituents and the central triphenylmethyl core facilitates unique and reversible multi‐step redox reactions. Among the reported radicals, the tris‐PBI‐functionalized radical (3PBI‐TTM⋅) demonstrates the remarkable ability to accommodate up to seven electrons under negative potentials, forming high valence anions. This research promotes the development of highly stable carbon radicals with superior electrochemical oxidation‐reduction processes, presenting promising avenues for the advancement of electric energy storage technologies.
Tuning Thin Film Thickness and Porosity with Layer‐by‐Layer Submicronic Particles Assembly
Authors: Mouhtadi Siham , Jurin Florian E. , Buron Cédric C. , Pochard Isabelle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPorous NiO films were prepared using Layer‐by‐Layer assembly of submicronic β‐Ni(OH)2 nanoplatelets and size‐controlled poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles. β‐Ni(OH)2/PMMA thin films were elaborated using different PMMA particle sizes and concentrations. The elaborated films were then heated at a temperature of 325 °C in air for one hour to form porous NiO films by calcining β‐Ni(OH)2 nanoplatelets. PMMA polymeric particles were also calcined during this process, leading to film porosity. Thermal treatment experiments clearly showed a relationship between PMMA particle size and film properties i. e., porosity and thickness. NiO films exhibited huge pores, around 1 μm, and matter loss after calcination when PMMA particles with a diameter of 190±43 nm were employed. Partial collapsing of the films was also denoted. Experiments were then carried out by decreasing PMMA particle size (100±19 nm) leading to cohesive NiO films. Finally, the specific surface area (SSA) of the NiO films prepared with PMMA particles of 100 nm was determined by adsorption‐desorption of nitrogen gas using the BET (Brunauer–Emmet–Teller) method. This showed an increase in SSA with PMMA particle concentration.
Predator perception of aposematic and cryptic color morphs in two Oophaga species
Authors: Mantzana‐Oikonomaki Vasiliki , Rodríguez Ariel , Castillo‐Tamayo Giselle , Ibáñez Roberto , Pröhl Heike 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnimals that are toxic often advertise their unprofitability to potential predators through bright aposematic colors while cryptic ones blend in with their natural background to avoid predators. In the poison dart frogs, Oophaga pumilio and O. granulifera, some populations in Costa Rica and Panama display cryptic green and aposematic red color morphs. We herein used reflectance spectra from the dorsum of red and green morphs of these frogs to estimate their perception by the visual systems of three potential predators (birds, lizards, and crabs) against three natural backgrounds (leaves, trunks and leaf litter). Statistical analyses revealed no strong differences in color contrast against backgrounds between the two frog species. However, strong effects of frog morph, predator, background, and their interactions were observed. When viewed against diverse backgrounds, red frogs of both Oophaga species are more color conspicuous to birds and Anoline lizards than to crabs. A strong effect of species was observed on luminance contrast. Concerning the latter, green frogs particularly in O. granulifera appear more conspicuous than red frogs, while birds perceive higher brightness contrasts than lizards or crabs. Our results further support the importance of birds and lizards as Oophaga predators and provide a first quantitative comparison of conspicuousness between these two frog species.
Enhancing the Quality of Ready‐to‐Eat Trout Burger Patties: Investigating the Combination of Modified Atmosphere Packaging and Microbial Transglutaminase Enzyme
Authors: Altan Can Okan , Turan Hülya , Kocatepe Demet , Keskin İrfan , Köstekli Bayram 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, rainbow trout patties (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) were treated under a modified atmosphere (MA) (60/40:CO2/N2) packed with microbial transglutaminase enzyme (MTGase) at varying concentrations (0.5% and 1%) and kept for a full day at 2°C ± 2°C. Denser and more complex intermolecular cross‐linking formations between peptides and gel network structures were observed in the first and last scanning electron microscope images of MTGase‐containing groups. MTGase increased the springiness, hardness, shear force, and work‐of‐shear parameters during the storage period in uncooked and cooked patties compared to the control group. The protein, energy, moisture, and amino acid contents were maintained in the MTGase‐containing groups, but using MTGase at higher concentrations was ineffective. Microbiological analyses have shown that MTGase is partially effective on microbial fauna, and the most significant inhibitory effect was determined on total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB). In all groups, the total amounts of saturated, monosaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids remained unchanged on both production and expiration days (p > 0.05). After mixing the burger patty additives into the ground meat, the amounts of sodium, calcium, potassium, and magnesium increased in all groups (p < 0.05); however, a decrease in calcium was observed in the MTGase‐containing groups (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. The higher proportion of the MTGase‐contained group did not exhibit significant differences compared to the lower proportion of the MTGase‐contained group, except for textural characteristics and the TMAB inhibition effect.
Powerful Rare‐Variant Association Analysis of Secondary Phenotypes
Authors: Liu Hanyun , Zhang Hong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMost genome‐wide association studies are based on case‐control designs, which provide abundant resources for secondary phenotype analyses. However, such studies suffer from biased sampling of primary phenotypes, and the traditional statistical methods can lead to seriously distorted analysis results when they are applied to secondary phenotypes without accounting for the biased sampling mechanism. To our knowledge, there are no statistical methods specifically tailored for rare variant association analysis with secondary phenotypes. In this article, we proposed two novel joint test statistics for identifying secondary‐phenotype‐associated rare variants based on prospective likelihood and retrospective likelihood, respectively. We also exploit the assumption of gene‐environment independence in retrospective likelihood to improve the statistical power and adopt a two‐step strategy to balance statistical power and robustness. Simulations and a real‐data application are conducted to demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed methods.
Strategic Ethics: Physician Associations and Their Roles in Pursuing Racial Equity
Authors: Brophy Sorcha A. , Shah Roma 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSince 2020, physician associations have become more vocal about confronting racism, initiating a wide range of advocacy efforts, making programming changes, and issuing public statements on the topic. However, associations have directed their enthusiasm about addressing racism toward an overly broad range of statements, initiatives, and legislative advocacy. In this essay, we provide some guidance regarding which race‐based actions are best suited for physicians’ professional associations. We describe traits of three types of physician associations in the United States—state, specialty, and affinity—highlighting characteristics of each and discussing their strengths and weaknesses regarding different types of action around racism. It is our hope that we might direct concerned physicians toward initiatives that draw upon association strengths and that can serve as the basis for association‐specific advocacy niches—and away from initiatives that enable associations to signal that they are engaged in racial‐equity work without accountability or efficacy.
Integrating virtual–reality into restorative dentistry training: A study on the acceptability and effectiveness of tooth preparation simulations
Authors: Azhari Amr Ahmed , Ashy Yara , Abulhamail Lolwa , Sharshar Haitham , Ahmed Walaa Magdy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStatement of problemDigital education using virtual–reality simulators is essential for precise learning in modern education.Purpose of studyThis study aimed to develop a virtual–reality dental system for tooth preparation training and assess pre‐virtual–reality experiences and perceptions of its potential benefits. We evaluated the post‐virtual–reality experience in terms of the effectiveness of the virtual–reality system.Material and methodsThe virtual–reality platform development phase involved learning‐ and assessment‐based frameworks for participants. The first step involved creating a storyboard for a virtual dental clinic environment using virtual‐reality glasses. This simulated a dental chair‐like setup with instruments and tools, allowing participants to practice dental procedures. This study utilized a mixed‐methods approach to assess participants’ experience with virtual reality in dental education using a tooth preparation simulation system and evaluated post‐virtual reality measures, including the system usability scale, usefulness, educational effectiveness, and participant attitudes through structured survey questionnaires.ResultsThis study included 150 participants (49 dental students, 52 dental interns, and 49 faculty members). Most participants were females (76%). Significant differences were observed in attitude scores between students and faculty members, with third‐year dental students having more positive attitudes toward the integration of virtual–reality in dental education. No significant differences were found in system usability, usefulness, or assessment scores between the groups.ConclusionThe virtual–reality dental module system shows promise for improving dental education.Clinical implicationThe varied responses from different user groups should be considered to ensure successful implementation and acceptance.
敗血症性ショックと鑑別を要した口腔原発悪性リンパ腫の下垂体転移による下垂体機能低下症の1例(Hypopituitarism due to pituitary metastasis of primary oral malignant lymphoma: a case report)
Authors: 寛 竹藤 , 大 鯨井 , 智宏 栗原 
Published: October 2024

要旨82歳の男性。入院当日からの発熱，意識障害で救急搬送され，尿路感染症の疑いで抗菌薬を開始された。一旦解熱し，意識状態も改善したが第16病日に再度発熱，意識障害を来し，ショックを合併した。診察，検査で感染源は不明であったが敗血症性ショックの疑いで集中治療室に入室となり，抗菌薬と昇圧剤の投与を開始した。診察のなかで，左上顎歯肉の白色腫脹を認め，組織診でびまん性大細胞型B細胞リンパ腫と診断した。第20病日に再検した早朝血中コルチゾールおよびadrenocorticotropic hormoneの低値を認め，中枢性副腎不全が疑われた。同日の頭部造影computed tomographyでは，左上顎歯肉から上顎洞内に連続する造影効果のある腫瘤と下垂体に同様の腫瘤を認め，悪性リンパ腫の下垂体転移と考えられた。ヒドロコルチゾンの投与を開始し，速やかに昇圧剤は終了となった。第25病日に負荷試験で中枢性の副腎不全，甲状腺機能低下症，性腺機能低下症と診断した。全身状態不良のため，化学療法は施行できず，原病増悪のため死亡した。初期診療時に敗血症性ショックが疑われる症例であっても，感染源が不明な場合には非感染性疾患を含めて全身検索を行い，原因を早期に同定することが重要である。また，急性期の内分泌検査で明らかな異常がなかった場合でも臨床的に内分泌疾患の疑いが強い場合には反復して評価を行うことが重要である。
Investigation of recessed‐source/drain SOI feedback FET‐based integrate and fire neuron circuit with compact model of threshold switching devices
Authors: Suddarsi Sasi Kiran , Dhanaraj K. J. , Saramekala Gopi Krishna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this article, the investigation of recessed‐source/drain (Re‐S/D) SOI feedback FET (FBFET)‐based integrate and fire (IF) neuron circuit parameters is presented using a threshold switching device compact model. FBFETs offer high ION and low SS with minimal power consumption, operating efficiently at lower voltages and currents than conventional MOSFETs. Utilizing ION/IOFF ratio and threshold voltage limits (Vt2/Vt1) of the device, a model is developed to mimic hysteresis characteristics, which is then used to implement an IF neuron circuit. Our findings show that altering the Re‐S/D thickness between 0 and 50 nm enhances the ION of the device under study while decreasing hysteresis width. We detected a significant increase in output spike frequency of 46.8% and 65.14% for input current pulse amplitudes of 5 and 20 nA, respectively. Furthermore, increasing the Re‐S/D thickness from 0 to 50 nm led to a significant 29.97% enhancement in spike amplitude. In addition, when using input current pulse amplitudes of 5 and 20 nA, we saw energy savings per spike of 3.36% and 12.7%, respectively. At the same time, there was an increase in power of 8.69% and 9.54%. These enhancements in performance metrics establish our proposed integrate and fire neuron circuit as a promising candidate for efficient neuromorphic system implementation.
Oppositional arithmetic optimization algorithm for network reconfiguration and simultaneous placement of DG and capacitor in radial distribution networks
Authors: Dey Indrajit , Roy Provas Kumar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe prime objective of this study is the simultaneous network reconfiguration with distributed generation (DG) and capacitor placement in radial distribution networks (RDN) to get the techno and economic benefits for two separate objectives, which are the minimization of actual power loss and annual economic loss as well as a multi objective combining these two single objectives using an oppositional arithmetic optimization algorithm (OAOA). It is an improved version of the currently suggested arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) used in the field of engineering for the optimization task. Though the recently developed AOA shows its efficacy in different optimization tasks but to improve the quality of solutions, convergence behavior, and to avoid the local optima, oppositional behavior is added to AOA. The efficacy and exactness of OAOA are tested on three test systems (33‐bus, 69‐bus, and 118‐bus). For the reduction of power loss and annual economic loss as well as the multi objective optimization, two scenarios with different cases are executed using OAOA in RDNs. In scenario 1, the installation of the capacitor (case 1), the installation of unity power factor (UPF) based DG (case 2), and the placement of optimal power factor (OPF) based DG (case 3) have been executed. In scenario 2, allocation of UPF based DG and capacitors simultaneously (case 1), placement of OPF based DG and capacitors simultaneously (case 2) and simultaneous reconfiguration with installation of OPF based DG and capacitor (case 3) has been executed. This recommended OAOA algorithm provides the percentage improvement in real power loss and yearly economic loss for all cases of 33‐bus, and 69‐bus systems (34.28%, 65.50%, 94.43%, 93.26%, 94.89%, and 95.11%), (28.54%, 56.69%, 83.42%, 79.62%, 83.65%, and 83.71%), and (35.51%, 69.16%, 98.10%, 97.52%, 98.22%, and 98.25%), (30.26%, 61.68%, 88.75%, 85.42%, 88.81%, and 88.98%), respectively. The results and comparative study reveal that the OAOA is better than several optimization algorithms in terms of solution quality and good results. This algorithm has a good speed of response and convergence behavior.