bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trial and error: finding suitable assistive technology for gaming
Authors: Baltzar Pauliina , Turunen Markku , Hassan Lobna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Gaming is more popular than ever and people with disabilities play games as any other gamer. Accessible gaming might require both accessible games and suitable assistive technologies, however we lack the knowledge how many use assistive technologies, what devices are used, how suitable technologies are found, and what reasons might hinder the usage.

Method
This study addresses the following research questions with a survey study: (1) Do people with disabilities use assistive technology for gaming? (2) What assistive technology do people with disabilities use for gaming? (3) How do people with disabilities find suitable assistive technology? (4) Why do people with disabilities not use assistive technology for gaming?

Results
The results suggest that 56% of individuals with disabilities use a variety of assistive technologies, including both general-purpose devices and those tailored for gaming. Online resources and shared experiences from fellow gamers were vital in finding suitable assistive technology, although trial and error were essential to ensuring the compatibility. Among the 44% not utilizing assistive technology, the primary reason was the lack of necessity for gaming purposes. However, significant barriers such as limited awareness and the high costs of these technologies were identified.

Conclusion
Games should be compatible with various assistive technologies to ensure they can be used in gaming. There is a need to spread knowledge about different devices so that everyone can find an optimal way to play games. Furthermore, we need innovative solutions on how to try out these devices without a financial burden.
Comparison of oral health-related quality of life among endodontic patients with irreversible pulpitis and pulp necrosis using the oral health-related endodontic patient’s quality of life scale
Authors: Arifin Fadil Abdillah , Matsuda Yuhei , Natsir Nurhayaty , Kanno Takahiro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis prospective cohort study aimed to clarify differences in the longitudinal effects on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among patients undergoing endodontic treatment for irreversible pulpitis and for pulp necrosis, using a newly developed oral health-related endodontic patient’s quality of life (OHQE) scale. This study included 131 patients diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis and pulp necrosis. Comprehensive data regarding the patient’s background, medical history, and dental history were collected. The OHQE was administered three times to each patient: before and after endodontic treatment, as well as 2 weeks after endodontic treatment as a follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using a linear mixed model for repeated measurements of changes in the OHQE score over time in cases of irreversible pulpitis and pulp necrosis. The patients consisted of 48 (36.6%) males and 83 (63.4%) females with a mean age of 36.2 (standard deviation, 12.6) years. Of these, 62 (47.3%) had irreversible pulpitis, and 69 (52.7%) had pulp necrosis. Intragroup comparisons showed an improvement in the OHQE scores over time in both groups (p < 0.001). Group comparisons revealed no significant differences at any time point. No interactions or changes over time were observed between the two groups. No difference in the improvement of quality of life after endodontic treatment was seen in the two disease groups, and both groups improved over time. However, patients’ expectations of receiving endodontic treatment remained unchanged after treatment. Therefore, dental providers should consider explaining the value of endodontic treatment to patients and address the measures that contribute to patient satisfaction.
Dietary Intake and Snacking Behaviour of Children Aged 3-5 in Urban and Rural Areas of Thailand’s Southernmost Border Provinces
Authors: Tayeh N. , Wright C. , Garcia A.L. 
Published: October 2024

Thailand suffers from the double burden of malnutrition due to the nutrition transition(1). Shifts in eating patterns from traditional foods to more processed foods, an increase in snacking and urbanisation are associated with the nutrition transition(2). We aimed to explore eating, feeding, and snacking behaviours in children aged 3-5 living in urban and rural areas of Thailand’s Southernmost Border Provinces (SBPs).A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 279 parent-child dyads recruited from one urban (n=135) and three rural schools (n=144) in the SBPs. The International Eating and Feeding Tool (ICFET)(3) was used to collect sociodemographic data, feeding frequency, food and snack consumption. Weight and height were measured to calculate WHZ (weight- for-height z score) and HAZ (heigh-for-age z score) scores. The frequency of consumption for groups and types of food were summed to give a monthly frequency. A 24-hour recall of intake of plated foods and drinks during five potential eating occasions was taken. Carers rated the applicability of statements regarding their use and control of snacks. Descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U test for comparisons between urban and rural areas were analysed using SPSS V28.Socioeconomic disparities between caregivers from urban and rural areas were observed. Onefourth (22%) of rural caregivers reported senior high school education and no income (16%) compared to 0.7%, (P<0.001) and 1% respectively in urban caregivers (P<0.001). Child stunting was more prevalent in rural areas (24% vs 6% urban, P<0.001). No difference in wasting was observed between the two settings (7% rural vs 9% urban, P<0.423). Monthly food frequencies (times) (Median, IQR) were higher in urban compared to rural areas for milk and dairy products (30, 15-45) urban vs (15, 15-30) rural (P<0.001) and fruits and vegetables (Mean, SD) (53, 31) urban vs (43, 29) rural, (P=0.008). Half the children (56%) had three between-meals snacks and dry finger foods (mean, SD) (1.7, 0.5) times daily. Rural parents described higher scores of snack control (Median, IQR) (16, 15-18) rural vs (15, 13-16) urban, (P<0.001), and felt children were more likely to seek snacks in response to hunger compared to urban children (5, 2-5) rural vs (4, 2-5) urban, (P<0.001). Surprisingly, more snack foods were consumed in rural areas (50, 33-75) rural vs (45, 33-60) urban, (P=0.042).Eating snacks between meals is common in Thai children living in SBPs. Snack foods are widely eaten, even more in rural than urban children. Despite the substantial differences in socioeconomic characteristics and levels of stunting, there was little variation between urban and rural areas in the commonness of snacking.
Effect of S-metolachlor and flumioxazin herbicides on sweetpotato treated with and without activated charcoal applied through transplant water
Authors: Blankenship Colton D. , Jennings Katherine M. , Monks David W. , Meyers Stephen L. , Jordan David L. , Schultheis Jonathan R. , Suchoff David H. , Moore Levi D. , Ippolito Stephen J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Flumioxazin and S-metolachlor are widely used in conventional sweetpotato production in North Carolina and other states; however, some growers have recently expressed concerns about potential effects of these herbicides on sweetpotato yield and quality. Previous research indicates that activated charcoal has the potential to reduce herbicide injury. Field studies were conducted in 2021 and 2022 to determine whether flumioxazin applied preplant and S-metolachlor applied before and after transplanting negatively affect sweetpotato yield and quality when activated charcoal is applied with transplant water. The studies evaluated five herbicide treatments and two activated charcoal treatments. Herbicide treatments included two flumioxazin rates, one S-metolachlor rate applied immediately before and immediately after transplanting, and no herbicide. Charcoal treatments consisted of activated charcoal applied at 9 kg ha−1, and no charcoal. No visual injury from herbicides or charcoal was observed. Likewise, no effect of herbicide or charcoal treatment on no. 1, marketable (sum of no. 1 and jumbo grades), or total yield (sum of canner, no. 1, and jumbo grades) was observed. Additionally, shape analysis conducted on calculated length-to-width ratio (LWR) for no. 1 sweetpotato roots found no effect from flumioxazin at either rate on sweetpotato root shape. However, both S-metolachlor treatments resulted in lower LWR of no. 1 sweetpotato roots in 2021. Results are consistent with prior research and indicate that flumioxazin and S-metolachlor are safe for continued use on sweetpotato at registered rates.
Chemical and electrochemical pathways to low-carbon iron and steel
Authors: Rippy Kerry , Bell Robert T. , Leick Noemi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCurrently, the iron and steel industry is responsible for 7% of global CO2 emissions. In this review, we summarize the operational principles of current emissions-intensive steelmaking technologies and review emerging low- and zero-carbon technologies that could substantially reduce emissions. Current technologies that are discussed include blast furnaces, electric arc furnaces, and smelting. Promising low-carbon routes include use of alternative reductants for ore processing (hydrogen direct reduction, hydrogen plasma-smelting, hydrogen smelting, and ammonia-based reduction), electrolytic iron production (with aqueous and molten oxide electrolytes) and biocarbon-based electric arc furnace operation. Advantages of each approach are presented, and remaining research hurdles are identified.
Ion optical design of the magnetic proton recoil neutron spectrometer for the SPARC tokamak
Authors: Mackie S. , Wink C. W. , Dalla Rosa M. , Berg G. P. A. , Ball J. L. , Wang X. , Carmichael J. , Tinguely R. A. , Rigamonti D. , Tardocchi M. , Raj P. , Frenje J. , Rice J. 
Published: October 2024

A magnetic proton recoil (MPR) neutron spectrometer is being designed for SPARC, a high magnetic field (BT = 12 T), compact (R0 = 1.85 m, a = 0.57 m) tokamak currently under construction in Devens, MA, USA. MPR neutron spectrometers are versatile tools for making high fidelity ab initio calibrated measurements of fusion neutron flux spectra and have been used to infer fusion power, ion temperature, fuel ion ratio, and suprathermal fuel populations at several high performance fusion experiments. The performance of an MPR neutron spectrometer is in large part determined by the design of the magnetic field, which disperses and focuses recoil protons. This article details the ion optical design of a high-resolution MPR neutron spectrometer, including the amelioration of image aberrations due to nonlinear effects. An optimized design is presented that achieves ion optical energy resolution δE/E &lt; 1% and focal plane properties that enable straightforward integration with the hodoscope detector array.
Spectro-spatial analysis of van der Pol-type phononic crystals
Authors: Abedy Nejad Seyed Mohammad Hosein , Seyyed Fakhrabadi Mir Masoud 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The application of phononic chains as metamaterials demonstrates their remarkable capability to manipulate the propagation of waves. These periodic structures yield frequency-dependent behavior of material comprising characteristics with many possible engineering applications. In this paper, we investigate the weak and general nonlinear behaviors of the van der Pol-type damped phononic chains. The analysis of wave propagation is initially conducted for a one-dimensional structure, and subsequently, is extended to consider the wave motion through two-dimensional and three-dimensional lattices. Results are obtained using the method of multiple scales and a Spectro-spatial analysis by employing the numerical method of the 4th-order Runge–Kutta. A new phase-diagram relation within the chain’s unit cell is also introduced aiming to enhance the numerical findings. Our results indicate that in the weakly nonlinear regime, the van der Pol-type damping closely follows the linear dispersion curve, regardless of the initial amplitude. This suggests a symmetry between energy pumping and dissipation modes, where hardening and softening behaviors align with linear characteristics of common damping mechanisms, such as viscous damping. Additionally, the formulation demonstrates the existence of limit-cycle stability in the motion of each mass. For the general damped system, it is observed that a special frequency exists where the system converges, for all wave numbers similar to the synchronization effect. Hence, the motion and the frequency of all masses are synced. Additionally, non-reciprocal wave propagation is observed, resulting in a bandgap structure with a symmetry breaking occurring near the limit cycle. These results are promising in the fields of wave emitters, wave filters, and signal encryption.
Ultrathin natural biotite crystals as a dielectric layer for van der Waals heterostructure applications
Authors: de Oliveira Raphaela , Barbosa Yoshida Ana B , Rabahi Cesar R , O Freitas Raul , Teixeira Verônica C , de Matos Christiano J S , Galvão Gobato Yara , Barcelos Ingrid D , Cadore Alisson R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Biotite, an iron-rich mineral belonging to the trioctahedral mica group, is a naturally abundant layered material (LM) exhibiting attractive electronic properties for application in nanodevices. Biotite stands out as a non-degradable LM under ambient conditions, featuring high-quality basal cleavage—a significant advantage for van der Waals heterostructure (vdWH) applications. In this work, we present the micro-mechanical exfoliation of biotite down to monolayers (1Ls), yielding ultrathin flakes with large areas and atomically flat surfaces. To identify and characterize the mineral, we conducted a multi-elemental analysis of biotite using energy-dispersive spectroscopy mapping. Additionally, synchrotron x-ray fluorescence and infrared nano-spectroscopy were employed to probe its iron content and vibrational signature in few-layer form, respectively, with sensitivity to the layer number. We have also observed good morphological and structural stability in time (up to 12 months) and no important changes in their physical properties after thermal annealing processes in ultrathin biotite flakes. Conductive atomic force microscopy evaluated its electrical capacity, revealing an electrical breakdown strength of approximately 1 V nm−1. Finally, we explore the use of biotite as a substrate and encapsulating LM in vdWH applications. We have performed optical and magneto-optical measurements at low temperatures. We find that ultrathin biotite flakes work as a good substrate for 1L-MoSe2, comparable to hexagonal boron nitride flakes, but it induces a small change of the 1L-MoSe2
g-factor values, most likely due to natural impurities on its crystal structure. Furthermore, our results show that biotite flakes are useful systems to protect sensitive LMs such as black phosphorus from degradation for up to 60 days in ambient air. Our study introduces biotite as a promising, cost-effective LM for the advancement of future ultrathin nanotechnologies.
Quantum color image watermarking scheme based on quantum discrete cosine transform
Authors: Li Zhen-Zhen , Li Ya-Jing , Zhang Zhao , Wang Dong-Fei , Wang Jing-Tao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Quantum watermarking is a technique that embeds specific information into a quantum carrier, used for digital copyright protection. This paper introduces a new quantum color image watermarking method that combines Quantum LOG (QLOG) edge detection with Quantum Discrete Cosine Transform (QDCT) technology. First, edge detection is used on the RGB channels of the quantum color image. This helps identify the best channel for embedding the watermark. Next, the image is decomposed using the quantum Haar wavelet transform (QHWT). The image is then processed with QDCT, selecting the mid-frequency parts for watermark embedding. Using QDCT improves the watermark’s resistance to JPEG compression. The invisibility of the watermark is verified by assessing its Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and histogram. Comparative analysis shows strong resistance to various noise attacks. Simulation results confirm that the watermarking technique maintains high visual quality and resists different adversarial attacks.
Finite element modelling of continuous fiber–reinforced composites produced by automated manufacturing
Authors: Szederkényi B , Rácz I , Kovács N K , Czigány T 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
With the advent of automated, continuous filament placement technologies, the possibilities for reinforcement placement in composite manufacturing have been further expanded, as the reinforcement path can be continuously varied within the layer. This allows far more efficient structures to be created, resulting in a further reduction in the weight of the structure compared to conventional composites. At the same time, this manufacturing freedom also poses a major challenge for the structural design of composite components, as simulation methods based on meso-level homogenization are mostly not usable due to the lack of periodicity of the reinforcement structure. In our paper, we have established a structural modelling method using finite element analysis (FEA) for fused filament fabrication-based additive manufacturing of continuous fiber–reinforced composites. For modelling the reinforcement structure properly, we used the base-coordinate sweep (BCS) modelling method and for capturing progressive failure mechanisms we used Ansys LS-Dyna with the MAT54 material card. Based on the simulations and tests performed, we demonstrated that the method we present is suitable for the engineering modelling of continuous fiber–reinforced 3D printed composites.
The effect of forming conditions and treatment process applied to the material on springback
Authors: Dessie J E , Lukács Z 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Heat treatment is often used to optimize the balance between the strength and formability of a material. However, aging during treatment affects the ability to return to its original shape after deformation. In this study, the effects of surface treatments during the painting of mild steel and aging time in the W-temper heat treatment on springback were investigated. Consequently, because of artificial aging during surface treatment, the material precipitates certain phases and enhances the mechanical properties of the material, which leads to the pre-painted mild steel being more sensitive to springback. On the other hand, it is also noted that springback is highly dependent on the transfer time between the W-temper heat treatment of high strength aluminum alloy and forming operations, and the change in shape increases with time. In summary, the springback phenomenon is a result of the interaction between the material properties, treatment procedures, and forming circumstances.
Some considerations on the contradictions of the theory of Frank-Read sources
Authors: Dobránszky János , Verő Balázs 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The basis of the theoretical explanation of the plastic deformation of metals is the sliding of dislocations and the dislocation multiplication that takes place during the deformation. The best-known interpretation of this process is based on the operation of Frank-Read sources. The article tries to shed light on aspects and theorems that have been known for decades, which draw attention to quite a few contradictions in the theory of Frank-Read sources.
The effect of building strategies on tensile strength of additively manufactured parts by laser metal deposition
Authors: Juhász G , Hareancz F , Buza G , Fábián R E , Vida Á 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) is a powder-based technology. This technology can be used for surface coating, repairing and additive manufacturing. The property of the part is dependent on the building parameters of the process. In the research work, we use austenitic steel (316L) powder to produce blocks with different building strategies, from which we machine tensile test specimens. The patterns were prepared according to three strategies: the welded bands were parallel to the longitudinal axis of the test specimen, perpendicular to it, and finally the parallel and perpendicular directions were alternated. We perform hardness and tensile tests on these specimens and search for correlations between the strength and the strategies.
Effect of Al doping on the structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of sol-gel spin-coated NiO thin films
Authors: Srinivasa N V , Mahesh H M , Angadi Basavaraj 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Nanostructured NiO thin films are renowned for their catalytic activity and potential for degradation of industrial effluents. In this study, Al-doped NiO (Ni1-xAlxO with x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08) thin films were synthesized by sol–gel spin coating, and the influence of Al doping on their physical properties, surface morphology, optical band gap, and photo-catalytic performance was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the high crystallinity of the thin films and revealed a pronounced doping effect on parameters such as crystallite size, microstrain, and dislocation density. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the formation of spherical nanoparticles with particle sizes ranging from 26 nm to 11 nm. The elemental composition was verified through energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis. The optical bandgap of the prepared films was determined through UV-visible spectroscopy. The Ni0.98Al0.02O films exhibited the lowest PL intensity, indicating a reduced recombination rate. To assess the photo-degradation capability of the prepared thin film catalysts, industrial effluent Indigo Carmine was employed as a test compound. The Ni0.98Al0.02O sample demonstrated the highest degradation efficiency, achieving about 96% degradation within 2 h of UV–vis light irradiation. Furthermore, the degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics.
Recognitional Abilities and Knowing What One Sees
Authors: Millar Alan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Perceptual-recognitional abilities are abilities to recognize things that are some way as being that way from the way they appear to some sense-modality. These abilities have a key role in accounting for perceptual knowledge. Under the conception adopted, general abilities are exercised only in doing the thing that the ability is an ability to do. Accordingly, recognitional abilities are exercised only in recognizing a thing as being some way, and in that way coming to know that it is that way. A contrasting picture is considered and rejected. Particular kinds of self-knowledge are then explored—our knowledge as to what one sees or sees to be thus and so. These kinds of self-knowledge are crucial for understanding how visual perception yields justified beliefs. They are explicated in terms of the exercise of abilities knowledgeably to apply certain relational concepts in first-person, non-inferential applications to visually perceived things and oneself.