bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feedback Stabilization of Singularly Perturbed Systems Under Information Constraints
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Liu Wei , Xu Jianzhong 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe quantized feedback control for a class of singularly perturbed systems is addressed, in which the controlled system and the controller are connected via a limited capacity communication channel. First, a proper coder–decoder pair is presented such that the transmission error decays to zero exponentially under information constraints. Then, a control law in terms of linear matrix inequalities is constructed to render the resulting closed‐loop system input‐to‐state stable with regard to the transmission error. Thus the asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop system is guaranteed. It is shown that the proposed method is simple and easy to operate. Moreover, an upper bound of the small perturbation parameter for the stability of systems can be explicitly estimated with a workable computational way. Finally, two examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Ridership estimation procedure for a transit corridor with new bus rapid transit service
Authors: Umlauf Tadeas , Galicia Luis David , Cheu Ruey Long , Horak Tomas 
Published: December 2015

SummaryRidership estimation is a critical step in the planning of a new transit route or change in service. Very often, when a new transit route is introduced, the existing routes will be modified, vehicle capacities changed, or service headways adjusted. This has made ridership forecasts for the new, existing, and modified routes challenging. This paper proposes and demonstrates a procedure that forecasts the ridership of all transit routes along a corridor when a new bus rapid transit (BRT) service is introduced and existing regular bus services are adjusted. The procedure uses demographic data along the corridor, a recent origin–destination survey data, and new and existing transit service features as inputs. It consists of two stages of transit assignment. In the first stage, a transit assignment is performed with the existing transit demand on the proposed BRT and existing bus routes, so that adjustments to the existing bus services can be identified. This transit assignment is performed iteratively until there is no adjustment in transit services. In the second stage, the transit assignment is carried out with the new BRT and adjusted regular bus services, but incorporates a potential growth in ridership because of the new BRT service. The final outputs of the procedure are ridership for all routes and route segments, boarding and alighting volumes at all stops, and a stop‐by‐stop trip matrix. The proposed ridership estimation procedure is applicable to a new BRT route with and without competing regular bus routes and with BRT vehicles traveling in dedicated lanes or in mixed traffic. The application of the proposed procedure is demonstrated via a case study along the Alameda Corridor in El Paso, Texas. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wirkstoff‐Restgehalte verkapselter und freier Biozide in hydrophoben Fassadenbeschichtungen
Authors: Schwerd Regina , Scherer Christian , Breuer Klaus 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn einem mehrjährigen Freilandversuch wurde die Dauerhaftigkeit der bioziden Wirkstoffe Terbutryn (2‐Methylthio‐4‐tert‐butylamino‐1,3,5‐triazin), Diuron (DCMU, 3‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1,1‐dimethylurea), IPBC (3‐Iodoprop‐2‐ynyl‐N‐butylcarbamat), OIT (2‐n‐Octyl‐isothiazolin‐3‐on) und DCOIT (4, 5‐Di‐chloro‐2‐n‐octyl‐isothiazolin‐3‐on) in einer hydrophoben organisch gebunden Fassadenbeschichtung nach DIN EN 15824 vergleichend in freier und mikroverkapselter Form untersucht. Für die verkapselten Wirkstoffe ergaben sich dabei höhere Wirkstoff‐Restgehalte in der Beschichtung über die Zeit als für frei eingesetzte Wirkstoffe. Hinweise auf gerichtete Migrationsvorgänge innerhalb der Fläche wurden nicht gefunden. Eine Bilanzierung von Einsatzkonzentrationen, Wirkstoffaustrag durch Auswaschung und Restgehalten in der Putzmatrix nach einem Jahr Freibewitterung ergab Bilanzlücken von bis zu 64 %.Contents of encapsulated and non‐encapsulated biocides in hydrophobic façade coatings. The durability of the biocidal compounds Terbutryne (2‐Methylthio‐4‐tert‐butylamino‐1,3,5‐triazin), Diuron (DCMU, 3‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1,1‐dimethylurea), IPBC (3‐Iodoprop‐2‐ynyl‐N‐butylcarbamate), OIT (2‐n‐Octyl‐isothiazolin‐3‐one) and DCOIT (4, 5‐Di‐chloro‐2‐n‐octyl‐isothiazolin‐3‐one) in a hydrophobic façade coating was examined in a several year weathering experiment. Biocide contents were determined in encapsulated and non‐encapsulated form. For encapsulated biocides, the contents found in the coatings were higher than for non‐encapsulated biocides. Hints indicating any migration processes of the biocidal active substances within the surface were not found. Considering the initial concentration, leaching of substances by driving rain and remaining contents in the coating after one year of weathering into a balance led to balance gaps of up to 64 %.
Parental risk factors of anorectal malformations: Analysis with a regional population‐based control group
Authors: Zwink Nadine , Rissmann Anke , Pötzsch Simone , Reutter Heiko , Jenetzky Ekkehart ,   CURE‐Net Consortium
Published: December 2015

BackgroundAdequate evidence on environmental risk factors for anorectal malformations (ARMs) is very limited. We assessed maternal body weight and several prenatal exposures of the parents to tobacco, pregestational diabetes, chronic cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, periconceptional folic acid and multivitamin intake.MethodsData from the German Network for Congenital Uro‐REctal malformations (CURE‐Net) were compared with data from the Malformation Monitoring Centre Saxony‐Anhalt of the Otto‐von‐Guericke University in Magdeburg, Germany. Controls were matched to cases by gender and birth year of the child. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were calculated for potential risk factors using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 158 ARM patients and 474 healthy infants born between 1993 and 2008 in Germany were included. Maternal age at birth of ARM cases and birth plurality were significantly higher and gestational age and weight significantly lower compared with controls (p< 0.0001). We observed significantly increased risks for ARMs associated with maternal smoking before conception and the first trimester of pregnancy (odds ratio = 2.23, 95% confidence interval 1.04–4.79,p= 0.039) and maternal chronic respiratory diseases (odds ratio = 29.25, 95% confidence interval 8.22–104.14,p< 0.0001). No statistically significant increased risk or protective effect was found for the other investigated factors.ConclusionThis study suggests an association between the occurrence of ARMs in the offspring and periconceptional maternal smoking as well as maternal chronic respiratory diseases. In addition, there might be a sign of an association for maternal diabetes, although not statistically significant. It can be assumed that the power is far too low to provide reliable estimates. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:133–141, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of prenatal diagnosis on the outcome of patients with a transposition of great arteries: A 24‐year population‐based study
Authors: Debost‐Legrand Anne , Ouchchane Lemlih , Francannet Christine , Goumy Carole , Perthus Isabelle , Beaufrère Anne‐Marie , Gallot Denis , Lemery Didier , Lusson Jean‐René , Laurichesse‐Delmas Hélène 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundTransposition of great arteries (TGA) defined as the combination of concordant atrioventricular and discordant ventriculo‐arterial connections is one of the most common congenital heart defects. Prenatal diagnosis of TGA remains difficult. To determine the impact of antenatal diagnosis we evaluated the sensitivity of antenatal detection and the neonatal mortality of TGA considering two study periods and two major types of TGA.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed. Data were collected from a French population‐based birth defect registry. From 1988 to 2012, 94 fetuses with TGA were registered. The study period was subdivided into the 1988 to 1999 period and the 2000 to 2012 period. Two types of TGA were considered: isolated TGA (n = 66) and associated TGA (n = 28). A stratified analysis was performed considering the study periods and the types of TGA.RESULTSConsidering the study periods, the sensitivity of prenatal detection of TGA increased significantly (9.8% vs. 51.5%, p = 0.0001). The same trend was found for associated TGA (4.8% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.002) and isolated TGA (21.1% vs. 100%, p < 0.001). A late diagnosis of TGA (7 days after birth) was observed in 13.2% of cases. Neonatal mortality decreased significantly over time for isolated TGA (25.0% vs. 0 p = 0.01). Prenatal diagnosis of both types of TGA did not improve survival.ConclusionWe demonstrated that prenatal diagnosis and neonatal mortality of TGA varied greatly according to the malformation type and the study period. This could be explained by an improvement in terms of medical management. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:178–184, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The benefits of cancer screening in kidney transplant recipients: a single‐center experience
Authors: Kato Taigo , Kakuta Yoichi , Abe Toyofumi , Yamanaka Kazuaki , Imamura Ryoichi , Okumi Masayoshi , Ichimaru Naotsugu , Takahara Shiro , Nonomura Norio 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe frequency of malignancy is increasing in kidney transplant recipients. Posttransplant malignancy (PTM) is a major cause of long‐term graft survival inhibition. In this study, we evaluated the frequency and prognosis of PTM at our center and examined the efficacy of cancer screening. Between 1972 and 2013, 750 patients were followed‐up at our center. Annual physical examinations and screenings were performed to detect PTM. We investigated the detail of two distinctive cancer groups: screening‐detected cancers and symptom‐detected cancers. Seventy‐seven PTM were identified during the follow‐up period. The mean age at the initial PTM detection was 43.6 ± 12.8 years. The mean interval from transplantation to cancer diagnosis was 134.5 ± 11.3 months. Among the 77 patients, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) was the most common cancer (19.5%, 15/77), followed by renal cell carcinoma (15.6%, 12/77). Of the cancer cases, 46.8% (36/77) were detected via screening. The most frequently screening‐detected cancer was renal cell carcinoma of the native kidney and breast cancer (22.2%, 8/36). However, it was difficult to detect PTLD, urothelial carcinoma, and colorectal cancer via screening. Interestingly, Cox proportional regression analyses revealed nonscreened recipients to be a significant prognostic factor for PTM (P < 0.001). This study is the first to report that appropriate screening tests play a key role in early PTM diagnosis and lead to reduce the mortality rate in kidney transplant recipients. These findings support the provision of long‐term appropriate screening for kidney transplant recipients.
Characteristics of cultured desmoid cells with different CTNNB1 mutation status
Authors: Hamada Shunsuke , Urakawa Hiroshi , Kozawa Eiji , Arai Eisuke , Ikuta Kunihiro , Sakai Tomohisa , Ishiguro Naoki , Nishida Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2015

AbstractDesmoid tumors are benign mesenchymal neoplasms with a locally aggressive nature. The mutational status of β‐catenin gene (CTNNB1) is presumed to affect the tumorous activity of the cells. In this study, we isolated three kinds of desmoid cell with different CTNNB1 status, and compared their characteristics. Cells were isolated from three patients with abdominal wall desmoid during surgery, all of which were resistant to meloxicam treatment. The mutational status of the CTNNB1 exon 3 was determined for both parental tumor tissues and isolated cultured cells. β‐catenin expression was determined with immunohistochemistry. Responsiveness to meloxicam was investigated with MTS assay together with COX‐2 immunostaining. mRNA expressions of downstream molecules of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway were determined with real‐time RT‐PCR. Three kinds of cell isolated from desmoid tumors harboring different CTNNB1 mutation status (wild type, T41A, and S45F), all exhibited a spindle shape. These isolated cells could be cultured until the 20th passage with unchanged proliferative activity. Nuclear accumulation of β‐catenin was observed in all cultured cells, particularly in those with S45F. Proliferating activity was significantly suppressed by meloxicam (25 μmol/L, P < 0.007) in all three cell cultures, of which parental desmoid was resistant to meloxicam clinically. The mRNA expressions of Axin2, c‐Myc, and Cyclin D1 differently increased in the three cultured cell types as compared with those in human skin fibroblast cells (HDF). Inhibitors of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway downregulated Axin2, c‐Myc, and Cyclin D1 significantly. Isolated and cultured desmoid tumor cells harboring any one of the CTNNB1 mutation status had unique characteristics, and could be useful to investigate desmoid tumors with different mutation status of CTNNB1.
Lymphovascular space invasion and lack of downstaging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are strong predictors of adverse outcome in young women with locally advanced breast cancer
Authors: Khwaja Shariq S. , Ivanovich Jennifer , DeWees Todd A. , Ochoa Laura , Mullen Daniel F. , Thomas Maria , Margenthaler Julie A. , Cyr Amy , Naughton Michael , Sanati Souzan , Eberlein Timothy J. , Gillanders William E. , Aft Rebecca L. , Zoberi Jacqueline E. , Zoberi Imran 
Published: December 2015

AbstractYounger age diagnosis of breast cancer is a predictor of adverse outcome. Here, we evaluate prognostic factors in young women with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). We present a retrospective review of 104 patients younger than 40 years with LABC treated with surgery, radiotherapy (RT), and chemotherapy from 2003 to 2014. Patient‐, tumor‐, and treatment‐related factors important for overall survival (OS), local/regional recurrence (LRR), distant metastasis (DM), and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were evaluated. Mean age at diagnosis was 34 years (23–39 years) with a median follow‐up of 47 months (8–138 months). Breast‐conserving surgery was performed in 27%. Axillary lymph node dissection was performed in 85%. Sixty percent of patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 19% achieving pathologic complete response (pCR), and 61% downstaged. Lymph node positivity was present in 91% and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) in 35%. Thirty‐two percent of patients had triple negative tumors (TN, ER‐/PR‐/HER2 nonamplified). Four‐year OS and RFS was 84% and 71%, respectively. Factors associated with worse OS on multivariate analysis include TN status, LVSI, and number of positive lymph nodes. LVSI was also associated with DM and LRR, as well as worse RFS. Downstaging was associated with improved 4 year RFS in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (74% vs. 38%, P = 0.002). With high risks of recurrence and inferior OS compared to older women, breast cancer in young women can be difficult to treat. Among additional factors, presence of LVSI and lack of downstaging portends a particularly worse prognosis.
Xanthine oxidoreductase in cancer: more than a differentiation marker
Authors: Battelli Maria Giulia , Polito Letizia , Bortolotti Massimo , Bolognesi Andrea 
Published: December 2015

AbstractHuman xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) catalyzes the last two steps of purine catabolism and is present in two interconvertible forms, which may utilize O2 or NAD+ as electron acceptors. In addition to uric acid, XOR products may comprise reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that have many biologic effects, including inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and cytotoxicity, as well as mutagenesis and induction of proliferation. XOR is strictly modulated at the transcriptional and post‐translational levels, and its expression and activity are highly variable in cancer. Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) expression has been negatively associated with a high malignity grade and a worse prognosis in neoplasms of the breast, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney, which normally express a high level of XOR protein. However, the level of XOR expression may be associated with a worse outcome in cancer of low XOR‐expressing cells, in relation to the inflammatory response elicited through the tissue damage induced by tumor growth. Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) has been implicated in the process of oncogenesis either directly because it is able to catalyze the metabolic activation of carcinogenic substances or indirectly through the action of XOR‐derived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The role of uric acid is characterized by both oxidant and antioxidant action; thus, it is still debatable whether control of uricemia may be helpful to improve the outcomes of tumor illness.
Segmentation‐based skinning
Authors: Ramírez Flores Jorge Eduardo , Sánchez Antonio Susín 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSkeleton‐driven animation is popular by its simplicity and intuitive control of the limbs of a character. Linear blend skinning (LBS) is up to date the most efficient and simple deformation method; however, painting influence skinning weights is not intuitive, and it suffers the candy‐wrapper artifact. In this paper, we propose an approach based on mesh segmentation for skinning and skeleton‐driven computer animation. We propose a novel and fast method, based in watershed segmentation to deal with characters in T‐Pose and arbitrary poses, a simple weight assign algorithm based in the rigid skinning obtained with the segmentation algorithm for the LBS deformation method, and finally, a modified version of the LBS that avoids the loss of volume in twist rotations using the segmentation stage output values. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancing DNA Crystal Durability through Chemical Crosslinking
Authors: Zhang Diana , Paukstelis Paul J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) DNA crystals have been envisioned as a powerful tool for the positional control of biological and non‐biological arrays on the nanoscale. However, most DNA crystals contain short duplex regions that can result in low thermal stability. Additionally, because DNA is a polyanion, DNA crystals often require high cation concentrations to maintain their integrity. Here, we demonstrate that a DNA alkylating mustard, bis(2‐chloroethyl)amine, can form interstrand crosslinks within a model 3D DNA crystal. The crosslinking procedure did not alter crystal X‐ray diffraction properties, but it did significantly improve the overall stability of the crystals under a variety of conditions. Crosslinked crystals showed enhanced stability at elevated temperature and were stable at Mg2+ concentrations as low as 1 mm. Remarkably, the crosslinked crystals showed significant resistance to DNase I treatment, while also having improved longevity in tissue culture mediums. Characterization of the crosslinked species suggest that there are multiple crosslinking sites, but that the most prevalent interstrand crosslink involves an unpaired 3′‐terminal guanosine residue. The improved stability of these DNA crystals suggests that simple treatment with alkylating reagents might be sufficient to stabilize crystals and other DNA constructs for improved functionality in biological and non‐biological applications.
Copper‐Based Photosensitisers in Water Reduction: A More Efficient In Situ Formed System and Improved Mechanistic Understanding
Authors: Lennox Alastair J. J. , Fischer Steffen , Jurrat Mark , Luo Shu‐Ping , Rockstroh Nils , Junge Henrik , Ludwig Ralf , Beller Matthias 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe reduction of water has been achieved through a non‐noble‐metal‐based homogeneous catalyst system that is formed in situ. Optimisation of the ligand quantities increased catalyst turnover numbers compared to preformed complexes. Mechanistic studies confirm a heteroleptic Cu complex as the active photosensitiser (PS) and an in situ formed Fe–phosphido dimer complex as the water reduction catalyst. The in situ method has been used to screen a range of ligands for the active PS, which has led to the identification a number of structural features important to longevity and performance.
ChemInform Abstract: Ammine‐Stabilized Transition‐Metal Borohydrides of Iron, Cobalt, and Chromium: Synthesis and Characterization.
Authors: Roedern Elsa , Jensen Torben R. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract[Fe(NH3)6](BH4)2 (I) and [Co(NH3)6](BH4)2 (II) as well as the solid solution [Co(NH3)6](BH4)2‐xClx (x ≈1) (III) and the bimetallic [Fe(NH3)6](Li2(BH4)4) (IV) are prepared either in anhydrous Me2S or by a metathesis reaction in liquid NH3 as the solvents which allow for the removal of formed inert metal halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Observation of Anion Order in Pb2Ti4O9F2.
Authors: Oka Kengo , Oh‐ishi Katsuyoshi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractFirst time, the title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of PbO, PbF2 (slight excess), and TiO2 (Pyrex tubes, 823 K, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Layered Manganese(IV)‐Containing Heteropolyvanadate with a 1:14 Stoichiometry.
Authors: Guo Weiwei , Bacsa John , van Leusen Jan , Sullivan Kevin P. , Lv Hongjin , Koegerler Paul , Hill Craig L. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe new compound K4Li2 [MnV14O40]·21H2O is synthesized from an aqueous mixture of K7[MnV13O38], V2O5, LiOAc, and AcOH (pH 4, 90 °C, 3 h; 44% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Metastable Ni7B3: A New Paramagnetic Boride from Solution Chemistry, Its Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties.
Authors: Hofmann Kathrin , Kalyon Nalan , Kapfenberger Christine , Lamontagne Leo , Zarrini Salman , Berger Robert , Seshadri Ram , Albert Barbara 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe title compound is prepared by dropwise addition of an aqueous NiCl2 solution to solid NaBH4 followed by annealing the precipitate at 375 °C in vacuo for 2 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Formal Dehydrative [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Enamides and Alkynes for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridines: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Study.
Authors: Wu Jicheng , Xu Wenbo , Yu Zhi‐Xiang , Wang Jian 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAn efficient method is elaborated for the preparation of tetrasubstituted pyridines (VII), (IX), (XI), and (XV) from enamides and alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Green and Efficient: Iron‐Catalyzed Selective Oxidation of Olefins to Carbonyls with O2.
Authors: Gonzalez‐de‐Castro Angela , Xiao Jianliang 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA broad range of α‐ and β‐substituted styrene derivatives is chemoselectively oxidized to the corresponding aromatic aldehydes or ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Trifluoroethylarenes from Benzylic Bromodifluoroacetates.
Authors: Ambler Brett R. , Zhu Lingui , Altman Ryan A. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe use of KI and DMF/MeCN as solvent mixture enables the efficient Cu‐catalyzed decarboxylative trifluoromethylation of benzylic bromodifluoroacetates.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Carbonyl C(sp2)—H Oxidative Alkynylation of Aldehydes Using Hypervalent Iodine Reagents Leading to Ynones.
Authors: Ouyang Xuan‐Hui , Song Ren‐Jie , Wang Cheng‐Yong , Yang Yuan , Li Jin‐Heng 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAccording to mechanistic studies, the reaction is based on a carbonyl C(sp2)—H oxidative radical coupling process.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Oxidative α‐C—H N,O‐Ketalization of Ketones by Chiral Primary Amine.
Authors: Xu Changming , Zhang Long , Luo Sanzhong 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAn amine‐catalyzed α,α‐bisfunctionalization of β‐keto carbonyls and cyclohexanones affords chiral N,O‐ketals.
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling Reactions of Conjunctive Reagents: 2‐Borylated Allylic Sulfones.
Authors: Altenhofer Erich F. , Harmata Michael 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMethods for the Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling of borylated allylic sulfones with electrophiles in both the inter‐ and the less common intramolecular modes are developed.