bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colorado Potato Beetle Control on Potatoes With Foliar Insecticide Sprays, 1996
Authors: Linduska James J. , Ross Marylee , Baumann Donna , Cain Carol , Boltz Melanie 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
‘Red Norland’ potatoes were planted in 20 foot rows on 8 Apr, ‘96. Plots consisted of a single treatment row. The distance between rows was 64 inches and the distance between plants within the row was 10 inches. Plots were arranged in a RCB design with 4 replications. The soil was a Norfolk “A” loamy sand. All spray treatments were mixed in 1.5 gallons of water and applied with a custom built compressed air row crop sprayer. Each row was covered by 6 drop nozzles delivering 50 gpa at 30 psi. Treatments were applied 26 May. Novodor plots were sprayed 24 and 26 May. In evaluating the treatments, direct counts of the number of Colorado potato beetle adults, larvae, egg masses/10 plants and the % defoliation were recorded. Yields were taken on 28 Jun from 20 feet of row.
Evaluation of Fortress Insecticide and the Smartbox™ Application System for Corn Rootworm Control, 1996
Authors: Buschman L. L. , Sloderbeck P. E. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This experiment was designed to evaluate Fortress applied at planting with conventional or SmarfBox™ application technology for the control of WCR larvae. Plots were planted at 30,600 seed/acre on 9 May in a furrow irrigated field at the Southwest Research-Extension Center, in Finney County, KS. The field was prewatered 9 Apr, but the seed-bed dried out and the field was watered again 24 May to complete emergence. The soil type was a Richfield silt loam with a pH of 7.5 and an organic matter content of 1.5%. Plots were 2 rows (5 ft) by 50 ft long, arranged in a RCB design, and replicated four times. Plots were separated by 10 ft alleyways at the end of each plot and 4 rows of border corn between each plot. Planting time treat-ments were applied as a 7 inch band over the open seed-furrow (T-band) or into the open seed-furrow (in-furrow) with either a standard John Deere planter-mounted insecticide applicator or with a SmartBox applicator. Spring incorporators were used after the press wheels. Rootworm damage was rated on 4 plants from each plot on 9 Jul using the 6 point Iowa scale. The weather was very dry after planting, averaging 0.4 inches of pan evaporation for the first 17 days. On 26 May, 1.8 inches of rain was recorded and 6.5 inches of rain was recorded between planting and evaluation of the roots. Yields were taken by mechanically harvesting each plot and taking row measurements to correct for gaps created by the destructive sampling.
Efficacy of Selected Insecticides for Boll Worm/Tobacco Budworm Control, 1996
Authors: Micinski S. , Scarborough R. G. , Forrester F. D. , Graves J. B. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Twelve treatments were evaluated at the Red River Research Station, Bossier City, LA to determine their efficacy in controlling the bollworm/tobacco budworm (BW/TBW) complex on cotton. The experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Plots were planted 3 May and were 4 rows X 100 ft on 40-inch centers. All plots had Temik 15G (0.5 lb [AI]/acre) applied in-furrow at planting. Prior to trial initiation, plots were oversprayed for boll weevils on 4 Jun and 12 Jul (Vy date C-LV at 0.25 lb [AI]/acre); BW/TBW on 14 Jun (Orthene 90SP at 1.0 lb [AI]/acre + Larvin 3.2F at 0.25 lb [AI]/acre), and 29 Jun and 18 Jul (Baythroid 2EC at 0.03 and 0.033 lb [AI]/acre, respectively); and for aphids on 29 Jun and 9 Jul with Lorsban 4EC at 0.5 lb [AI]/acre and Provado and 1.6F at 0.047 lb [AI]/acre, respectively. Insecticide treatments were applied on 23, 30 Jul and 6 Aug. Treatments were applied in 5.9 gpa at 60 psi with TX-3 hollow cone nozzles spaced 20 inches apart (2 nozzles/row). Treatments were applied with a high-clearance sprayer equipped with a CO2-system for spraying-small plots. During and after the trial, all plots were oversprayed for boll weevils with methyl parathion 4EC at 0.33 lb [AI]/acre on 2, 19, 21, 30 Aug ane 6 Sep and for BW/TBW on 21 Aug with Baythroid at 0.033 lb [AI]/acre. Infestations of larvae and square damage were monitored on 25, 31 Jul, 7 and 19 Aug by examining 25 squares/plot. Yields were determined by mechanically harvesting the center 2 rows of each plot on 30 Oct.
Foliar Sprays to Control Spider Mites on Soybeans, 1996
Authors: Speese John 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Soybeans were drill planted on 8 Jun in a commercial field near Craddockville, VA (Accomack County). Each plot consisted of a 25 ft X 5 ft strip, bordered on each side by a 2 ft wide buffer strip. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a RCB. Sprays were applied with a 3 flat fan nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 37 gpa at 40 psi. On 9 Jul, the entire test except for the buffer strips was sprayed with 1.00 lb(AI)/acre of Sevin XLR in order to kill any predators and thus insure a uniform mite population. The treat-ments were applied on 16 Jul.
Tobacco Aphid Control in Flue-Cured Tobacco, 1996
Authors: Crowe Bert D. , Taylor J. Delano , McPherson Robert M. , Wells M. Leonard 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Flue-cured tobacco, variety K-326, was transplanted on 11 Apr 1996 at the Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station Entomology Farm. Production practices were used according to Georgia Cooperative Extension Service guidelines and included a preplant tank mixture of Tillam and Devrinol for weed control, Ridomil for blue mold control, Lorsban for soil insect control, and Nemacur for nematode suppression. Fertilizer (6-6-18) was applied in a split application at a rate of 1000 pounds/acre. Plots two rows wide (36 inch row spacing) by 20 ft long were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Plots were separated on each side with one un-treated border row and on each end with an alley 6 ft wide. Two Orthene at transplant treatments were applied in the transplant water at transplanting. On 27 May, 4 foliar insecticide treatments were applied using a CO2-powered backpack sprayer equipped with 3 TX-12 nozzles directed over a single row, delivering 29.9 gpa at 40 psi. The number of live aphids on plants 2, 4 and 6 of the left hand row was recorded from each plot prior to treatment (Pre-t) and 4,7 and 14 days after treatment (DAT). All plants were harvested on 17 Jun and 25 Jun, then weighed. All data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test (P = 0.05).
Control of Black Turfgrass Ataenius Adults on a Golf Course Fairway, 1995
Authors: Power K. T. , Shetlar D. J. , Niemczyk H. D. , Belcher M. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The study was conducted on an irrigated golf course fairway at Westfield Country Club, Westfield Center, in Medina Co., OH. Insecticides were applied 15 May to plots 6 ft by the width of the fairway (≥65 ft) replicated four times. Liquid treatments were applied with a CO2 sprayer and Teejet™ XR8006VS nozzles at 35 psi pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2. The granular treatments were applied with a 2-ft drop spreader. After all treatments were applied, the area was irrigated with approximately ¼ inch of water. Environmental conditions at the time of treatment were as follows: BTA - ovipositing adults present; turf-level dry, % inch ht, 100% bentgrass, 1 inch of thatch; soil - moist, 60°F at 1 inch and 3 inches deep; weather - sunny, 64°F, 0-8 mph wind. Evaluation was done on 10 Jul by counting number of live BTA larvae in 10 samples 4% inches in diam from each plot. Analysis of variance was done on plot totals and means separated by DMRT at P = 0.05.
Spring Management of Bluegrass Billbug with Cruiser and Merit, 1996
Authors: Heller P.R. , Walker R. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Tests were conducted on a field plot consisting primarily of Kentucky bluegrass at the Valentine Research Center, University Park, PA. Treatment plots were 9 X 6 ft, arranged in a CRB design and replicated 3 times. Granular formulations were applied with a hand-held shaker and mixed with fine top dressing sand to facilitate product distribution. Liquid formulations were applied by using a CO2 sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 1021 ml of water/54 ft2 or delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. Cruiser was applied in 2 gal of water from a hand-held 2.5 gal sprinkling can. At the 1st treatment time (18 May), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 60°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 60°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 56°F; RH, 53%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.5 inches; soil textural class, silt loam; soil particle size analysis: 26.1% sand, 50.2% silt, 23.7% clay; organic matter, 2.8%; soil moisture (oven dry weight), 22.7%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.2; application time, mid-morning; and skies were overcast. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.187 inch of water. At the 2nd treatment-time (28 Jun), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 81 °F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 84°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 80°F; RH, 70%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.5 inches; soil textural class, silt loam to loam; soil particle size analysis: 26.1 % sand, 50.2% silt, 23.7% clay; organic matter, 2.8%; soil condition, moist; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.2; application time, early-afternoon; and skies were overcast. Immediately prior to treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.062 inch of water and after treatment each replicate was irrigated in with 0.124 inch of water. Post-treatment counts were made on 2 Jul and 5 Jul. Bluegrass billbug control was evaluated by removing three 0.087 ft2 sod samples from each replicate, and the total number of bluegrass bill-bug life stages (larvae, pupae, adults) were recorded from each sample and converted to a ft2 count. Sod samples were removed with a 4-inch cup cutter.
Comparison of Broadcast and Soil Injection Treatments of Dursban for Ant Control, 1996
Authors: Swier Stanley R. , Rollins Alan , Carney Bryan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This trial was conducted at Gold Star Sod Farm, Canterbury, NH. The treatments were applied on 11 Jul to 8 X 16 ft plots with 1 -ft buffers between plots. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. Turf was mowed at 2 inches. An application of Dursban solution and another of water alone given by a tractor-powered Roger’s Root Zone Injector system. Both treatments were injected 3-6 inches into the turf in a 3 X 3 inch pattern at a rate of 9 gal/1000 ft2. The broadcast Dursban was applied in water at a volume of 2 gal/1000 ft2 using a 2-wheel bicycle-type CO2 boom sprayer equipped with 4 spray heads; each head was fitted with a 50-mesh strainer and an 8004 fan-type nozzle delivered at 40 psi. Weather conditions at the time of application were as follows: air temp, 81°F; sky, clear; wind, light breeze. Soil conditions were as follows: surface temp, 91°F; at 1-inch depth, 76°F; at 2-inch depth, 73°F; texture, loam; sand, 35%; silt, 45%; clay, 20%; pH, 6.4; dry matter, 89%; moisture, 11%; organic matter, 3%; thatch depth, 1/4 inch. Anthills were counted prior to treatment, and then every 7 days for 6 consecutive weeks thereafter.
Efficacy of Various Insecticides for Control of White Grubs, 1995
Authors: Held D. , Potter D. A. , Williamson C. , Keathley C. , Kunkel B. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This test was conducted in turf-type tall fescue at the University of Kentucky Spindletop Farm, near Lexington. The turf was on a Maury silt loam soil (pH = 6.4) with negligible thatch. Plots (4X6 ft; 2 ft untreated borders) were arranged in a RCB, with 4 replications. The turf was treated on 27 Jul, during flight of JB. The soil population consisted mostly of eggs, with some 1st instars. Granular formulations were preweighed, mixed with dry sand, and applied by gloved hand. Liquid applications were applied at 50 gal/acre using a low volume, CO2 sprayer equipped with 4 Spraying System 8004 Tee Jet nozzles that delivered 2109 g pressure per cm2. Each plot was syringed with about 1/8 inch of water within 5 min after application, and the whole site received 3/4 inch irrigation as soon as the last treatment was applied. Conditions during application were 88°F with winds &lt; 10 mph. There was 0.23 inch of rainfall on 26 Jul, the day before the test. There was no additional rain until 5 Aug, when 1.78 inch fell. The curative application of Dylox 6.2G was made on 17 Aug, with 3/4 inch of irrigation immediately after treatment. All plots were sampled on 16 Sep. A motorized sod cutter was used to cut a 3 X 1.5 ft strip, about 3 inches deep, from the center of each plot. The sod was rolled back, broken apart, and examined for grubs, which were counted and identified.
Control of Tobacco Budworm with Foliar-Applied Insecticides, Trial 2, 1996
Authors: Gerace Daniel , Cranshaw Whitney S. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Plots were established on 6 Aug utilizing flower beds in a municipal park. Plots were approximately 6 X 3 ft each. The experimental design was a RCB with four replications. Treatments were applied using hand-held spray bottles at a rate of 3 fl oz of insecticide solution per plot. Thuricide, Pyrethrin, Bioneem, and Naturalis-O were applied weekly after sampling was performed. Sevimol, Talstar and Scimitar were applied twice, first on 6 Aug and again on the 29 Aug. Two different cultivar: of petunias were present in the plots, the blue cultivar had an average density of 140 full blooms per sq. yd. and the pink cultivar had an average density of 235 full blooms per square yard. The number of damaged blooms in the center sq yd of each plot was counted weekly throughout the course of the ex periment. Bloom damage was reflected in the holes in flowers and buds, and/or ragged edges. Evaluation on 14 Aug included damage that was alreadv caused prior to treatment application.
Laboratory Evaluation of a Neem Product Against DBM Larvae, 1995
Authors: Mau R.F.L. , Gusukuma-Minuto L. R. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Treatments were evaluated using the leaf dip method. Head cabbage was seeded in community pots. Each pot containing approximately 10 cabbage plants in the 5 true leaf seedling stage was inverted and dipped in a test insecticide mix for about 30 sees for complete coverage. The dipped plants were allowed to air dry. For each dip, 1 liter insecticide mix was prepared based on field rate concentrations of 100 gal/acre. Leaves from treated plants were detached and placed in a ventilated plastic petri dish. DBM larvae from a laboratory colony that originated from individuals collected from a cabbage field at Kula, Hawaii and Kamuela, Hawaii were used. Ten late 2nd instars were placed on each leaf. Fresh leaves from the original treated plant were added every two days. The number of dead larvae was counted at 24-hour intervals. Larvae were recorded as dead when there was no movement when probed.
Laboratory Evaluation of a Diatomaceous Earth and Pyrethrin Insecticide Against DBM Larvae, 1996
Authors: Mau R.F.L. , Gusukuma-Minuto L. R. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Three rates of Organic Solutions 0.2% were compared against a treated check, Xentari, and an untreated check. Test insects were obtained from laboratory colonies initiated from field collected insects. DBM eggs were collected from the colonies and hatched in plastic containers 10 days prior to the start of the bioassay. Larvae were fed fresh cabbage leaves daily and were in the late second to early third instar at the start of the bioassay. The head cabbage variety ‘C-G Hybrid’ was used as the test plant. Seeds were planted in community pots and kept in the greenhouse until ready to use. At the time of the bioassay, the plants were in the 8-10 true leaf stage. A cabbage leaf with a diameter greater than 5 cm was removed and infested with 10 DBM larvae. Each spray mix as agitated vigorously and placed in a spray aerosol apparatus. The leaf containing the larvae was sprayed for 3 seconds or until the leaf was thoroughly coated. The treated leaf and larvae were placed in a ventilated petri dish. Each treatment was replicated 10 times. Mortality was assessed at 24 hour intervals. Larvae were counted as “dead” when there was no movement in the larvae when probed.
Root Weevil Control on Red Raspberry, 1996A
Authors: Tanigoshi L. K. , Chamberlain J.D. , Murray T.A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Four insecticides were evaluated for control of preovipositional adult BVW in two fields of mature ‘Willamette’ red raspberries in Lynden, WA. Treatments were replicated 4 times on 9 X 30 ft plots arranged in a RCB design. Sprays were applied on 11 Jun along the lower 3 feet of canes with a 2-ft hand-held boom sprayer (100 psi) equipped with 3 hollow cone D4-45 TeeJet nozzles which delivered 100 gpa at 2 mph. Field counts were made on 18 and 25 Jun beginning at 10PM by placing 25-ft long X 4-ft wide strips of white linen sheet under each side of the row and simultaneously shaking the top training wire vigorously 10 times at 2 locations, one-quarter of the way in from each end of both sheets.
Control of Citrus Leafminer on Red Grapefruit with Spinosad and other Biorational Insecticides, 1995
Authors: Stansly P. A. , Fulcher G. L. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The trial was conducted in a nursery block of 1.5 year old ‘Rio Red’ grapefruit on Swingle citrumelo rootstock planted in single rows, 6 inches between trees. Treatments, all of which included 1.5% Sunspray 7E oil, were applied on 2 Oct using a hand held boom fitted with 5 Albuz ceramic hollow cone nozzles (two on each side and one over top) supplied by a CO2 backpack sprayer operating at 40 psi to deliver a spray volume of 25 gpa. A randomized complete block design was used with 4 replications and 11 treatments. Blocks were single rows and plots consisted of 30 trees each. Evaluations on 10 new leaf flushes per plot at 4, 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment (DAT) included total mines on the five smallest leaves per flush starting with a one inch leaf, number of live larvae on the entire flush, and a foliage damage index (percent leaf surface damaged).
California Red Scale Control on Nursery Citrus, 1996
Authors: French J. Victor , Villarreal Santiago 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Experimental V-71639, alone and tank-mixed with NR 435 spray oil, were compared with the insecticides Danitol, Provado and Supracide for efficacy against CRS. Each treatment was replicated on 3-4 container-grown sweet orange trees, each 4-5 ft tall. Trees were sprayed to foliar runoff, with control trees receiving a water spray, using a TQ-40 Koke Kap CO2 sprayer at 30 psi. Treatment sprays were applied on 2 Jul. At weekly post-spray intervals, 3 mature leaves per replicate were randomly selected and lst-3rd stage CRS (minimum of 250 per treatment) were examined under a binocular microscope. Sessile CRS were recorded as dead by the absence of body fluid when probed with a teasing needle. Percent mortality of crawlers and sessile CRS was determined for each treatment.
Control of Cabbage Insects, 1996
Authors: Cranshaw Whitney , Sclar D. Casey , Al-Doghairi Mohammad , Gerace Dan , Tupy Andrea 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
A trial was established at the Colorado State University Horticulture Field Research Center in Ft. Collins, CO. Cabbage (cv ‘Copenhagen Market’) was transplanted in early summer to 30-in rows (18-in spacing), producing 3-row by 30-ft plots arranged in a RCB design with four replications. Treatments were applied 2 Aug using a CO2 compressed air sprayer delivering 14 gpa at 35 psi. A reapplication was made 24 Aug. All treatments included the addition of the organosilicant surfactant Kinetic at a rate of 12 oz/A. Treatments were evaluated weekly by counting all larvae on 10 plants in the center of each plot. At the end of the experiment (30 Sep) the marketability of plants was assessed using the damage rating system of Greene et al. 1969 (J. Econ. Entomol. 62:790-800).
Potato/Tomato Psyllid Control on Pepper, 1997
Authors: Demirel Nihat , Al-Doghairi Mohammed , Gerace Dan , Tupy Andrea , McElwey Sally , KramerrWilson Karen , Cranshaw Whitney 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Trials were conducted at the Colorado State Horticulture Research Farm, Ft. Collins, CO on transplanted peppers. Emphasis of the trial was to evaluate treatments that were accessible to home gardeners or showed interesting “bio-rational” insecticide characteristics. Individual plots consisted of 8 plants, on single-row beds at approximately 15-in spacing. Plot design was a RCB with 4 replications. Applications of sprayed treatments were applied as a single pass on each side of the plants with CO2 compressed air sprayer directing spray to the leaf underside. Dust applications of sulfur (FloTox Garden Sulfur) were applied with a Dustin-Miser applicator. Evaluations of psyllid populations were made by counting all insects on the center four plants of each plot.
Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Green Peach Aphid on Spinach, 1997
Authors: McLeod Paul 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Avon’ Spinach was planted 9 mi. southeast of Hydro, OK on 23 Sep 1996. Plots consisted of a single 6-ft-wide and 50-ft-long row. Experimental design was RCB with four replications. Treatments were applied 26 Mar 1997 with a backpack sprayer equipped with 3 Tee Jet 80015 nozzles calibrated to deliver 11.1 gpa at 30 psi. Insecticide effectiveness was assessed by counting the number of GPA on each of 15 randomly selected plants per plot 5, 11, and 19 DAT.
Evaluation of Egg-Laying Deterrent Treatments for Potato/Tomato Psyllid
Authors: Al-Jaber Ahmed M. , Cranshaw Whitney 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Greenhouse trials were conducted on potted tomatoes, approximately 18 inches in height. Experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. Pots were placed among tomatoes sustaining high populations of potato/tomato psyllid, all ready for migration to the plants involved in experimental treatments. Applications were made 17, 20, and 24 May using a hand-operated pump mister to cover foliage. Evaluations were made by examining four leaves from each plant and counting the number of eggs present.
Controll Of Insect Pests on Spring Canola, 1997
Authors: Bragg D. E. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Plots were established in a RCBD 4 replicates of 6 X 20 ft. at the USDA-ARS Western Regional Plant Materials Introduction Center at Central Ferry, WA. Treatments were made at full bloom with a CO2-powered backpack sprayer at 20 gpa at 20 psi on 24 Jun, 1997 except for 4 rates of Gaucho 75 ST applied as seed treatments at planting on 28 May. All sprayed insecticides were buffered to pH 5.0. Treatments were evaluated for pre-treatment count 46 DAE, 2 DAT (48 DAE) and 10 DAT (56 DAE) by counting the number of CA colonies per m2 (6.6 linear ft of row) with mean number of CA per colony. Counts of CSPW exit holes per 100 pods per replicate were made at harvest, and yield data was collected
Control of Boll Weevil on Cotton with Selected Insecticides, 1997
Authors: Adamczyk J. J. , Leonard B. R. , Fife J. H. , Graves J. B. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
A test was conducted at the Macon Ridge location of the Northeast Research Station to evaluate the efficacy of selected insecticides against boll weevil on cotton planted 22 Apr. Plots consisted of 4 rows (40-inch centers) X 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design and replicated 4 times. Insecticides were applied on 28 and 30 Jun, 3, 8, and 11 Jul. Applications were made with a high-clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 6 gpa through TX-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 47 psi. Treatments were evaluated by examining 50 cotton flower buds (squares) per plot 2-4 DAT for evidence of boll weevil damage. No additional foliar insecticides were applied to the plots during the test. The plots received 0.10, 2.08, and 0.08 inch rainfall on 28 Jun, 7 Jul, and 8 Jul, respectively. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, and means were separated according to DMRT.