bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The transnational mental health burden of Haiti’s alleged collapse: preliminary findings from The Haitian Well-Being Study
Authors: Blanc Judite , Carrenard Niara J. , Auguste Evan , Luma Sherryn , Francois Laura , Bigdeli Tim , Jean-Louis Girardin , Duthely Lunthita 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundTransnational drug trafficking, political unrest, gang violence, and paramilitarism, which are pervasive in Haiti, have resulted in a mental health crisis for the broader Haitian community. This study explores the mental well-being of Haitians in Haiti and the United States by identifying barriers and facilitators to mental health through the lived experiences of men and women.MethodFour Focus group discussions conducted in April and November 2023 engaged 28 participants (20 women and eight men) aged between 23 and 60 years from locations in Haiti (Port-au-Prince, Cite Soleil, Cayes, Cap-Haitien, Saint-Marc) and the United States. Discussions revolved around the definition of mental health, stressors, coping mechanisms, risk and protective factors, and barriers to mental health care.ResultsSix principal themes emerged: 1- Chronic Traumatic Stress: continued violence, political instability, unemployment, lack of social support, adverse childhood experiences, family separation, and forced displacement were significant sources of stress. 2- Increased Health Burden: Participants reported experiencing chronic physical and psychological symptoms [i.e., hypertension, anxiety, depression, sleep issues, substance abuse, suicidal ideations, characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)], which were attributed to Haiti’s social, political, and infrastructure collapse. 3- Risk Factors: limited access to mental health services, pervasive hopelessness, scarcity of opportunities, and stigma were identified as significant risks. 4- Future Uncertainty: widespread concerns regarding the future predominated. 5- Multigenerational Concerns: Significant anxiety concerning the mental health and development of children, as well as the functionality of mental health practitioners, was noted. 6- Coping and Protective Factors: Effective coping strategies include mental stimulation, peer support, managing digital consumption, engaging in leisurely activities, such as listening to music, and faith/spirituality.ConclusionThe study’s findings underscore the sociopolitical and economic crisis in Haiti, which has resulted in violence and a dismantle of political, educational, financial, and health infrastructures. These factors were identified as the primary source of chronic distress, contributing to widespread mental health issues, adverse physical symptoms, and disruption in daily life. The implications for practice, healing, research &amp; policy are discussed.
How the acceleration phase influences energy flow and the resulting joint moments of the throwing shoulder in the deceleration phase of the javelin throw
Authors: Köhler Hans-Peter , Schödlbauer Maximilian , Witt Maren 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe throwing motion in the javelin throw applies high loads to the musculoskeletal system of the shoulder, both in the acceleration and deceleration phases. While the loads occurring during the acceleration phase and their relationship to kinematics and energy flow have been relatively well investigated, there is a lack of studies focusing the deceleration phase. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate how the throwing arm is brought to rest, which resultant joint torques are placed on the shoulder and how they are influenced by the kinematics of the acceleration phase.MethodsThe throwing movement of 10 javelin throwers were recorded using a 12-infrared camera system recording at 300 Hz and 16 markers placed on the body. Joint kinematics, kinetics and energy flow were calculated between the touchdown of the rear leg and the timepoint of maximum internal rotation after release +0.1 s. Elastic net regularization regression was used to predict the joint loads in the deceleration phase using the kinematics and energy flow of the acceleration phase.ResultsThe results show that a significant amount of energy is transferred back to the proximal segments, while a smaller amount of energy is absorbed. Furthermore, relationships between the kinematics and the energy flow in the acceleration phase and the loads placed on the shoulder joint in the deceleration phase, based on the elastic net regularized regression, could be established.DiscussionThe results indicate that the loads of the deceleration phase placed on the shoulder can be influenced by the kinematics of the acceleration phase. For example, an additional upper body forward tilt can help to increase the braking distance of the arm and thus contribute to a reduced joint load. Furthermore, the energy flow of the acceleration phase can be linked to joint stress. However, as previously demonstrated the generation of mechanical energy at the shoulder seems to have a negative effect on shoulder loading while the transfer can help optimize the stress. The results therefore show initial potential for optimizing movement, to reduce strain and improve injury prevention in the deceleration phase.
Concussion management and concussion recovery in Gaelic games: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Daly Ed , Ryan Lisa 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe purpose of this qualitative research study was to interview current and retired Gaelic games athletes to understand the current landscape of concussion recovery in Gaelic sports from the athlete perspective.MethodsA grounded theory methodology was employed to explore the experiences of a cohort of Gaelic games athletes (n = 22) regarding recovery from concussion, the levels of concussion awareness in Gaelic sports and their opinions on current concussion identification protocols. The study's data were gathered through semi-structured interviews.ResultsTwo major themes were identified, (1) Male and female athletes experience a range of acute and chronic symptoms post-SRC and (2) Gaelic sports athletes are expected to demonstrate constant allegiance and commitment to the GAA. These themes were further divided into categories and subcategories.ConclusionBased on the experiences of the cohort of Gaelic sports athletes, there exists a wide variation of SRC symptomology in the acute, and chronic (post-concussion syndrome) phases. In many cases, there are reports of long-term side effects associated with the perceived mismanagement or misdiagnosis of SRC in Gaelic sports. Gaelic sports athletes require a more robust SRC management system to support and manage SRC in the acute, chronic and long-term phases.
Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter and Mortality: An Update of the WHO Global Air Quality Guidelines Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Orellano Pablo , Kasdagli Maria-Iosifina , Pérez Velasco Román , Samoli Evangelia 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesFor the development of the 2021 global air quality guidelines, the World Health Organization (WHO) commissioned a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to assess the association between exposure to air pollution and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. One of these reviews, which we aim to update, focused on the effects of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 on all-cause and cause-specific mortality.MethodsThe protocol for this study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023425327). We searched the PubMed and Embase databases for studies published between September 2018 and May 2023. Study-specific effects were pooled using random-effects models.ResultsWe included 106 studies in the meta-analysis, 46 studies from the previous review and 60 from this update. All exposure-outcome pairs analysed showed positive and significant associations, except for PM10 and cerebrovascular mortality. The certainty of the evidence was rated as high for the majority of exposure-outcome pairs.ConclusionWe included a large number of new cohorts, and provided new concentration-response functions that will inform WHO advice on the use of this information for air pollution health risk assessments.
Acute Heart Failure in a Young Patient Treated in ICU—Diagnostic Pitfalls
Authors: Surówka Łukasz , Andruszkiewicz Paweł , Budnik Monika , Kowalik Robert , Milner Agnieszka , Zawadka Mateusz 
Published: September 2024

Background: Chlamydia pneumoniae and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) are uncommon aetiological agents in respiratory tract infections and are rarely associated with cardiogenic shock. This case report presents a rare instance of severe cardiomyopathy linked to these infections in a 19-year-old Asian female. The case highlights the importance of considering a broad differential diagnosis in acute heart failure, especially in young adults. Case report: The patient was admitted with chest pain and diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) based on electrocardiography. She subsequently developed heart failure, with a marked reduction in myocardial contractility and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 20%. Treatment included broad-spectrum antibiotics and inotropic support guided by hemodynamic monitoring, leading to clinical improvement. The patient was discharged in a significantly improved condition following a stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). Conclusions: This case emphasizes the importance of considering Takotsubo syndrome in differential diagnoses, especially in ICU patients presenting with cardiogenic shock, to improve outcomes and reduce mortality through timely and appropriate management. Inotropic support, often used in the ICU to treat hypoperfusion, may worsen outcomes in patients with Takotsubo syndrome by exacerbating basal hypercontractility and prolonging the acute phase through catecholamine receptor activation.
Trends and prospects of the development of youth entrepreneurship in universities
Authors: Smeshko O. G. , Shchipanov E. F. 
Published: September 2024

Aim. To determine the prospects of youth entrepreneurship development in Russian universities in the context of interaction between universities, business and the state. Objectives. To analyze the modern trends of innovative development in Russia; to identify specific features of the development of small innovative entrepreneurship and youth entrepreneurship in universities; to offer recommendations for improving organizational forms, technologiesof activation of entrepreneurial activity in universities in the context of interaction between universities, business and the state. Methods. The authors used the methods of analyzing statistical data, comparative analysis. Results. The article analyzes the trends in the development of small innovative entrepreneurship in universities, including the regional specificity expressed in the sign of fragmented effectiveness of various organizational forms and technologies. The analysis of modern forms of support for entrepreneurial activity of young people is also carried out. The main problems are revealed, the author’s vision of the prospects of youth entrepreneurship development in universities in the context of building a system of interaction between universities, business and the state is formed. Conclusions. The authors have defined the prospects and proposed organizational forms and technologies for activating the processes of youth entrepreneurship development in modern universities. Among them are the development of networking of universities, business and the state, the implementation of projects of public-private partnerships and the development of communication platforms.
Ácidos graxos <i>trans</i>: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Chiuchi Ana Catarina Gasparetto Roieski , Feiten Mirian Cristina , Gilioli Andressa , Fagundes Cristiane , Foralosso Fabiana Bortolini , Gonzalez Samantha Lemke 
Published: September 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura acerca das formas de ocorrência de gorduras trans nos alimentos e seus efeitos à saúde do consumidor, além de ressaltar as mudanças na legislação que entrou em vigor em 2023. Quimicamente, os ácidos graxos (AG) são classificados como trans, quando os hidrogênios ligados aos carbonos da insaturação estão em lados opostos do plano. Naturalmente, podem ser encontrados em produtos oriundos de animais ruminantes, em razão do processo de bio-hidrogenação que ocorre na microbiota do rúmen. Industrialmente, são produzidos pelo processo de hidrogenação, em que se adiciona uma molécula de hidrogênio na insaturação entre carbonos. Além disso, podem ser gerados em operações de fritura ou no processamento de óleo vegetal, como consequência das altas temperaturas empregadas. A Organização Mundial da Saúde recomenda que a ingestão máxima de gordura trans seja de 1% das calorias da dieta diária, visto que obesidade, diabetes, alterações nos níveis de colesterol e hipertensão são doenças correlacionadas à ingestão desse tipo de gordura. Assim, neste trabalho, o tema foi explorado como assunto de utilidade pública, já que se constata a grande necessidade de desenvolvimento de novos processos de produçãoindustriais para minimizar a ocorrência de AG trans nos alimentos industrializados.
Inovação e desenvolvimento tecnológico no segmento das plantas medicinais no Distrito Federal
Authors: Pereira Juliane Alves de Araújo , Santos Vitória Cristiane Sousa dos , Araújo Letícia Bandeira , Prado Laura Silva , Junqueira Ana Maria Resende 
Published: September 2024

A utilização de plantas medicinais é praticada desde sempre, tendo-se tornado parte importante da vida cotidiana, e seus saberes tradicionais vêm sendo transmitidos de geração em geração. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o perfil de consumidores e vendedores de plantas medicinais no Distrito Federal, bem como identificar aspectos de inovação e adoção de tecnologias sociais. Uma pesquisa aplicada, exploratória e descritiva foi realizada com abordagem qualitativa. Para os procedimentos técnicos, a pesquisa foi considerada como estudo de caso. Os dados foram coletados de abril a agosto de 2022. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com 24 feirantes, de cinco feiras permanentes, em cinco cidades-satélites do Distrito Federal. Um questionário foi disponibilizado nas redes sociais e respondido por 177 consumidores. A maioria dos feirantes é do gênero feminino, cerca de 40% com 10 a 20 anos de experiência na venda de plantas medicinais, mas sem treinamento, e estão desmotivadas em razão do alto custo do aluguel do espaço da feira permanente. Cerca de 95% dos feirantes adquirem os produtos de produtores de outros estados da federação. O ambiente observado não favorece a inovação ou adoção de tecnologias sociais. Mais de 70% dos consumidores utilizam plantas medicinais na forma de chás, e mais de 80% as utilizam na culinária. Observou-se que esses consumidores são jovens e abertos às novidades. Portanto, inovações no processamento e formas diferenciadas de apresentação dos produtos podem ampliar o consumo. Recomenda-se que sejam realizados estudos junto a produtores familiares do Distrito Federal, com a finalidade de despertar neles o interesse pela produção de plantas medicinais, o que pode contribuir para a redução da lacuna existente entre a demanda e a oferta local, bem como pode incrementar a inovação no segmento e a adoção de tecnologias sociais nos sistemas produtivos.
Inovação na produção de proteínas alternativas <i>plant-based</i>
Authors: Fonseca Jaqueline Daniela De Oliveira 
Published: September 2024

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar os antecedentes da inovação, no setor de proteínas alternativas plant-based no Brasil, apresentando alguns fatores que influenciam o avanço dessa indústria, a saber: mercado, tecnologia, setor e instituições governamentais e de fomento. Diante das potencialidades de crescimento do setor, são apresentados quatro fatores que influenciam o seu avanço e são relacionados a três sugestões de agenda de pesquisa, bem como os arcabouços teóricos que podem apoiá-las. Este trabalho classifica-se como descritivo e qualitativo, do ponto de vista metodológico. Observou-se que há oportunidades, ainda, para pesquisas sobre governança, ativos específicos e condições socioeconômicas locais, considerando as atuais limitações tecnológicas e da cadeia de suprimentos, bem como os gargalos dos demais elos da rede. Outro ponto relevante é que os antecedentes podem estar inter-relacionados, devendo ser analisados em conjunto. Compreender a atuação de organizações governamentais e de fomento, para ajudar a superar os impasses encontrados na cadeia de produção, também pode ser uma agenda de pesquisa importante para o setor.
Reinforcement of the Emergency Slope with Reinforced Concrete Structures for Repeated Use
Authors: Панфилов Д.В. , Золотухин С.Н. , Стукалин А.А. 
Published: September 2024

Состояние проблемы. В условиях интенсивной застройки все чаще для строительства используются участки со сложными грунтовыми условиями, что требует проведения мероприятий по их укреплению. Использование строительных технологий замкнутого цикла позволяет применять для строительства и укрепления грунтов железобетонные конструкции, бывшие в употреблении, что значительно снижает стоимость и сроки проведения работ, а также объемы строительного мусора, попадающего на полигоны ТБО. Результаты. Приведены результаты испытаний прочностных показателей железобетонных ребристых плит, полученных при поэлементном демонтаже, выполнен расчет оползневого склона в программном комплексе Midas GTS NX. Выполнен сравнительный анализ стоимости строительства подпорной стены из железобетонных ребристых плит повторного применения и аналога из монолитного железобетона. Рассчитаны объемы выбросов парниковых газов в атмосферу и затрат невосполнимых источников энергии при производстве железобетона. Выводы. Внедрение строительных технологий замкнутого цикла позволяет снизить стоимость малоэтажного строительства и сделать шаг к решению глобальных экологических проблем, связанных с выбросами парниковых газов в атмосферу Земли и большим объемом свалок ТБО, заполненных строительным мусором.
Statement of the problem. In conditions of intensive development, sites with difficult soil conditions are increasingly used for construction and measures to strengthen them are required. The use of closed-loop construction technologies allows the use of reinforced concrete structures obtained during piecemeal dismantling for the construction and strengthening of soils, which significantly reduces the cost and timing of work, as well as reduces the volume of construction debris falling on solid waste landfills. Results. The results of testing the strength parameters of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs obtained during piecemeal dismantling are presented, the calculation of the landslide slope in the Midas GTS NX software package is performed. A comparative analysis of the cost of building a retaining wall made of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs for repeated use and an analogue made of monolithic reinforced concrete is performed. The volumes of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere and the costs of non-renewable energy sources in the production of reinforced concrete are calculated. Conclusions. The Implementation of closed-loop construction technologies makes it possible to reduce the cost of low-rise construction and take a step towards solving global environmental problems associated with greenhouse gas emissions into the Earth's atmosphere and a large volume of landfills filled with construction debris.
Rheological Characteristics of Concrete Mixtures Modified with Urease Additives
Authors: Гончарова М.А. , Дергунова Е.С. 
Published: September 2024

Постановка задачи. Изучаются реологические характеристики бетонных образцов, изготовленных с применением уреазных биодобавок. Результаты. Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований реологических свойств бетонов с учетом влияния биодобавок на основе следующих штаммов бактерий: B. subtilis, Ps. aeruginosa, обладающих уреазной активностью. Выводы. Получены значения осадка конуса бетонных смесей, изготовленных при использовании различных марок портландцемента, установлены значения условной вязкости, а также определены предельное напряжение сдвига и прочность при сжатии полученных бетонных образцов-кубов, изготовленных с применением уреазных биодобавок. Установлено, что применение биодобавок приводит к снижению условной вязкости смеси в 2 раза, а также к повышению прочности на сжатие не менее чем на 15 %. Таким образом установлено, что биодобавки улучшают качество связи между компонентами бетона, делая его более прочным и устойчивым к нагрузкам, а также улучшают его реологические характеристики.
Statement of the problem. Rheological characteristics of concrete samples made with the use of various bioadditives are studied. Results.The results of experimental studies of the rheological properties of concrete, taking into account the effect of dietary supplements based on the following strains of bacteria B.subtilis, Ps.aeruginosa, with urease activity, are presented. Conclusions. The values of the cone sediment of concrete mixtures made using various grades of Portland cement were obtained, the values of conditional viscosity were also established, and the limiting shear stress and compressive strength of the obtained concrete cube samples made using urease bioadditives were determined. It was found that the use of dietary supplements leads to a decrease in the conditional viscosity of the mixture by 2 times, as well as to an increase in compressive strength by at least 15%. Thus, it has been established that bioadditives improve the quality of the bond between the components of concrete, making it more durable and resistant to loads, as well as its rheological characteristics.