bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide CRISPR screen for PARKIN regulators reveals transcriptional repression as a determinant of mitophagy
Authors: Potting Christoph , Crochemore Christophe , Moretti Francesca , Nigsch Florian , Schmidt Isabel , Manneville Carole , Carbone Walter , Knehr Judith , DeJesus Rowena , Lindeman Alicia , Maher Rob , Russ Carsten , McAllister Gregory , Reece-Hoyes John S. , Hoffman Gregory R. , Roma Guglielmo , Müller Matthias , Sailer Andreas W. , Helliwell Stephen B. 
Published: December 2017

Significance
In mitophagy, damaged mitochondria are targeted for disposal by the autophagy machinery. PARKIN promotes signaling of mitochondrial damage to the autophagy machinery for engagement, and PARKIN mutations cause Parkinson’s disease, possibly because damaged mitochondria accumulate in neurons. Because regulation of PARKIN abundance and the impact on signaling are poorly understood, we performed a genetic screen to identify PARKIN abundance regulators. Both positive and negative regulators were identified and will help us to further understand mitophagy and Parkinson’s disease. We show that some of the identified genes negatively regulate PARKIN gene expression, which impacts signaling of mitochondrial damage in mitophagy. This link between transcriptional repression and mitophagy is also apparent in neurons in culture, bearing implications for disease.
Lobbying and policy capture
Authors: Miller David , Harkins Claire , Schlögl Matthias , Montague Brendan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This chapter examines how policy is captured and aims to show how the capture of the other domains examined in this book relate to the ultimate prize of policy capture. Notable, however, policy can be captured variety of ways. The chapter considers two dimensions of policy capture—upstream and downstream. ‘Downstream’ refers to attempts to influence particular policy measures that might directly affect the industry concerned. ‘Upstream’ refers to influencing the agreed procedures by which decisions on particular matters will be taken in years to come. After that we turn to a relatively recent innovation in policy making that challenges the very categories adopted in policy studies. Partnership governance breaches the seemingly clear conceptual split between interest groups and government. We examine some key UK and EU examples in the addictions field, asking about the implications for public health and corporate power.
A convex program for mixed linear regression with a recovery guarantee for well-separated data
Authors: Hand Paul , Joshi Babhru 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We introduce a convex approach for mixed linear regression over d features. This approach is a second-order cone program, based on L1 minimization, which assigns an estimate regression coefficient in $\mathbb {R}^{d}$ for each data point. These estimates can then be clustered using, for example, k-means. For problems with two or more mixture classes, we prove that the convex program exactly recovers all of the mixture components in the noiseless setting under technical conditions that include a well-separation assumption on the data. Under these assumptions, recovery is possible if each class has at least d-independent measurements. We also explore an iteratively reweighted least squares implementation of this method on real and synthetic data.
Yellow Fever in an Unvaccinated Traveler to Peru
Authors: Winnicka Lydia , Abdullah Amirahwaty , Yang Tsujung , Norville Kim , Irizarry-Acosta Melina 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We present a case of an unvaccinated traveler who traveled from New York to Peru and contracted yellow fever. He likely acquired the infection while visiting the Amazon River, with a point of exit of Lima, Peru. Our case illustrates the dramatic course that yellow fever may take, as well as the importance of pretravel vaccination.
The Ethics of Storytelling
Authors: Meretoja Hanna 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of the polarized debate on the ethical significance of storytelling, this book develops a nuanced framework for exploring the ethical complexity of the roles narratives play in human lives. Focusing on how narratives enlarge and diminish the spaces of possibilities in which people act, think, and reimagine the world, it proposes a theoretical-analytical framework for engaging with both the ethical potential and the risks of storytelling. It elaborates a narrative hermeneutics that treats narratives as culturally mediated interpretative practices that can be oppressive, empowering, or both, and argues that the relationship between narrative unconscious and narrative imagination shapes one’s sense of the possible. Its hermeneutic narrative ethics differentiates between six dimensions of narratives’ ethical potential: they can cultivate a sense of the possible; promote self-understanding; enable understanding other lives non-subsumptively in their singularity; transform narrative in-betweens; develop the capacity for perspective-taking; and function as forms of ethical inquiry. These aspects are analyzed in dialogue with literary and autobiographical narratives that deal with the legacy of the Second World War by problematizing the adequacy of the perpetrator–victim dichotomy—exploring how it is as dialogic storytellers, fundamentally vulnerable, interdependent, and implicated in violent histories, that individuals and communities become who they are. The book brings into dialogue narrative ethics, literary narrative studies, narrative psychology, narrative philosophy, and cultural memory studies. It develops narrative hermeneutics as a philosophically rigorous, historically sensitive, and analytically subtle approach to the ethical stakes of the debate on the narrative dimension of human existence.
Introduction
Authors: Meretoja Hanna 
Published: December 2017

AbstractChapter 1 situates the book within current scholarly debate on the ethical significance of narrative for human existence. It articulates the need for a framework that allows one to explore the ethical complexity of the roles that narratives play in human lives by acknowledging both their ethical potential and risks. It outlines narrative hermeneutics as an approach that enables an analysis of how narratives enlarge and diminish the space of possibilities in which people act, think, experience, and reimagine the world together with others. The chapter maps the trajectory and key concepts of the project, including narrative unconscious and narrative imagination, the relation of which crucially defines one’s sense of the possible. It explains how the book draws on, brings together, and contributes to the following fields: (1) narrative ethics, (2) literary narrative studies and ethical criticism, (3) philosophy of narrative, (4) narrative psychology, and (4) cultural memory studies.
Narrative Hermeneutics
Authors: Meretoja Hanna 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe chapter delineates narrative hermeneutics as a framework for exploring the ethical complexities of the relationship between life and narrative and discusses the interconnections between the ethical and ontological assumptions underlying different conceptions of narrative. It outlines a broad Nietzschean-hermeneutic conception of interpretation and proposes three interconnected advantages of privileging this approach in theorizing narrative, experience, subjectivity, and their interrelations. It allows one to (1) understand how narrative relates to experience without seeing their relationship as dichotomous or identifying them with each other, that is, how they exist in a tensional but reciprocal relationship, best understood in terms of an interpretative continuum; (2) articulate how life does not form one coherent narrative but is instead a process of constant narrative reinterpretation; and (3) understand the relationship between narrative webs and the individual subjects entangled in them as fundamentally dialogical and as entwined with practices of power.
Bodies Bad and Gentle
Authors: Beeston Alix 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRecovering the photographic contexts for Gertrude Stein’s Three Lives at its first publication in North America in 1909, this chapter interprets the text’s formal fragmentation and repetition in terms of the deconstructive syntax of spacing and doubling in Surrealist photography. Just as the Surrealists used the photographic frame to convulse the real, the narrative frame in Stein’s composite text serves to constitute its realist narration as narration and, more specifically, as a typological system of discourse. To be narrated typologically, for the three women in Three Lives, is to be silenced and killed; but Stein also recasts silence and deathly disappearance as a means of resistance, an intransigent acting out of type that is metaphorically reticulated in the blank interstices that separate and bridge her serialized lives.
Introduction
Authors: Brönmark Christer , Hansson Lars-Anders 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe chapter introduces the reader to the book structure, including the overall topics the abiotic frame, the organisms, biotics, food web interactions and biodiversity and environmental threats. In addition to laying out the structure, this chapter brings up some overarching concepts such as the niche, generalists versus specialists and factors determining the distribution of organisms in natural ecosystems.
The Abiotic Frame and Adaptations to Cope with Abiotic Constraints
Authors: Brönmark Christer , Hansson Lars-Anders 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis chapter draws up the abiotic frame for organisms set by the physical and chemical properties of a specific ecosystem. The abiotic frame is a combination of several features, including wind, turbulence, temperature and light, but also by nutrient status, pH and oxygen supply. Based on this abiotic frame, large-scale movements, as well as stratification phenomena of lakes are discussed. The importance of the surrounding land, that is, the catchment area, is stressed; specifically, how the catchment area may strongly affect the physical and chemical features of the lake or pond. In addition, this chapter explains how lakes and ponds have been, and still are, formed in the landscape and how organisms handle the abiotic frame.
The Organisms: The Actors Within the Abiotic Frame
Authors: Brönmark Christer , Hansson Lars-Anders 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHere the organisms, that is the actors within the abiotic frame, are presented. The organisms range in size from the smallest viruses at the micrometre scale up to macrophytes and vertebrates at the metre scale. A brief organization of all life on Earth is given, together with examples and descriptions of the major actors and their specific features, morphologies and adaptations to cope with the environment.
Biodiversity and Environmental Threats
Authors: Brönmark Christer , Hansson Lars-Anders 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe last chapter of Lakes and Ponds deals with how human activities affect the natural ecosystems and their function through eutrophication, contamination, acidification, brownification and increases in UV radiation, and how such anthropogenic disturbances may affect biodiversity and the ability of organisms to utilize a specific habitat. In addition, the chapter addresses novel environmental threats, such as global climate change and effects from our everyday chemicals, such as contraceptives, nanoparticles and antidepressant drugs. However, also possibilities and signs of improvement are discussed, providing hope for coming generations.
Enablers and Inhibitors of Business Model Innovation
Authors: Volberda Henk , van den Bosch Frans , Heij Kevin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractChapter 5 discusses the different catalysts and inhibitors which firms encounter when they innovate their business model, including the various factors that prevented the Dutch telecoms company KPN from renewing its business model. There follows an analysis of how factors such as the organizational culture and style of leadership, the characteristics of the CEO, the degree of external orientation, organizational characteristics, and institutional stakeholders can delay or speed up business model innovation. The roles played, for example, by transformational leadership, the length of the tenure of the CEO, the corporate governance regime, absorptive capacity, and innovative culture are then considered. Case evidence from DSM, Randstad, Roche Diagnostics, and Shell supports the findings. Finally, the chapter considers various journeys that firms may undertake in the transformation of their business model.
Cooperation and Competition
Authors: Peach Ken 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This chapter discusses the need for cooperation (or collaboration) to be balanced with competition, including between research groups, within a university or laboratory and between the academic research sector and industry. Healthy competition is a great motivator but unhealthy competition can be disastrous. While it is still possible for an individual scientist working alone or with a couple of graduate students or postdocs to make ground-breaking discoveries, today much experimental science requires large teams working collaboratively on a common goal or set of goals. While this trend is most evident in particle physics and astronomy, it is also present in the other physical sciences and the life sciences. Collaboration brings together more resources–physical, financial and intellectual–to address major challenges that would otherwise be beyond the scope of any individual or group. Multidisciplinary research and interdisciplinary research are examples of cooperation between different disciplines.
Dealing with Disaster
Authors: Peach Ken 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This chapter discusses what to do in the event of a disaster. Disaster is an overused word which can cover many things, from a mild annoyance to an absolute catastrophe. Here, a disaster is any unexpected and unplanned event that severely curtails the ability to carry on ‘business as usual’. This could be because of a catastrophic event, such as a fire or an earthquake that destroys a significant part of the real estate including, perhaps, the main filing system, or something less physical but equally catastrophic like the sudden loss of significant funding or the simultaneous departure of several key personnel. Disasters do happen, albeit rarely. If disaster strikes, it will be very disruptive, but disaster management, with the help of a business continuity plan, a disaster team and a well-designed and tested recovery plan, will reduce its impact.
Navigating the Deals World
Authors: Hassan Mirza , Raihan Selim 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This chapter shows how elite political settlements over time have influenced economic growth in Bangladesh. More concretely, the chapter focuses on the analysis of economic, institutional, and political economy conditions behind structural breaks in economic growth, phases of growth acceleration, and transitions in growth regimes in Bangladesh. This involves analysis of the pattern of structural change in the economy, mapping of the rent generation and rent allocations process in different sectors, discussions on the institutional space (i.e. delineation of the nature of formal and informal institutions that tend to affect a firm’s behaviour), and analysis of the deals environment of the business. The chapter also explores the incentives and ideology/vision of the political, state, and economic elites, the nature of state–business relations, and the influence of de facto growth coalitions to explain the dynamics of current trends and future prospects for growth in Bangladesh.
The Disorder of ‘Miracle Growth’ in Rwanda
Authors: Behuria Pritish , Goodfellow Tom 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This chapter analyses how Rwanda has achieved near miracle growth rates of above 6 per cent (excluding 2003 and 2013) since 1994. This is due to the country being led by a strong dominant party which has resulted in a stable deals environment within the country. The pursuit of growth has led the Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF) to drive for a more open deals space, yet retaining some closed deals space for strategic interests. However, growth maintenance in the country remains dependent on commodity price fluctuations, access to foreign aid, and the maintenance of a stable political settlement. This leaves Rwanda’s growth episodes vulnerable to external shocks and negative feedback loops.
The Stroll, the Trot, and the Sprint of the Elephant
Authors: Sen Kunal , Kar Sabyasachi , Sahu Jagadish Prasad 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This chapter shows three distinctive growth episodes in India’s recent history. First, a period of slow growth from 1950 to 1992, due to the presence of a dominant political party, a prevalence of powerbrokers, and a disordered closed deal environment which slowly changed in the 1980s. The second period of growth from 1993 to 2002 was spurred by a move to a competitive political settlement, a growing trust between economic and political elites which opened up the deal space, and a move towards more magicians within the economy. The third period of mixed growth was caused by the rise of regional parties, the increased influence of the magicians and powerbrokers within the economy, and a shift to a more closed deals space. This analysis highlights the influence of feedback effects in India, both positive and negative, and how each distinctive period helped shape the next stage of growth.
The Sensory Domain
Authors: Pasnau Robert 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The history of epistemology displays a long quest for the elusive domain of sensory privilege, the place where sensory indubitability finds vindication in some measure of infallibility. There have been the most dramatic disagreements and reversals and confusions regarding where in the world this domain is to be found, disagreements that in turn fuel the notorious disputes over the cognitive value of perception. The focus of this chapter is on those who take there to be some external locus of sensory privilege, beginning with Aristotle and the surprisingly different story among later Aristotelians, then moving on toward the crisis that emerges when the privileged sensory domain of scholastics philosophers turns out to be illusory. From this crisis emerge the various modern theories of perception: subjective, reductive, and dispositional.
Electrical Power Generation: Hydroelectricity, Tides and Pumped Storage
Authors: Rez Peter 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Hydroelectricity already contributes to electrical supply in places where it can. What are needed are rivers with adequate flow that can be dammed to provide a significant vertical drop. These are usually found in mountainous regions where runoff from snowmelt provides adequate water supply. Renewables such as solar and wind have low power densities. That means large areas will be needed to meet the electrical energy needs of cities in developed countries. The other problem is that they do not supply power when it is needed. Energy can be stored by pumping water uphill into a reservoir at a higher elevation. All the energy needs of a desert city can be met with solar in places where every day is sunny. Low-density development means there is enough roof area, and there are elevation differences for pumped storage. There are not many places in the world that meet all these conditions.
Materials That Come from the Earth
Authors: Rez Peter 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Many of the materials used are ultimately derived from things extracted from the earth. There is always an energy-intensive step of converting the oxide as found in the earth’s crust to the element or metal. Since carbon in the form of coke is frequently used in this process, it is inevitable that CO2 is emitted. Another thing to consider is the scarcity of the compound from which the element will be derived—that is, the grade of the ore. A low grade of ore, with little of the element of interest, will mean more energy will need to be used to dig up a greater quantity of material. Practically everything has gone through some form of high-temperature processing that contributes to its embodied energy. The embodied energy can be very high if extreme purity is demanded or if a low-abundance isotope is needed.
Agriculture—Things That Are Grown
Authors: Rez Peter 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Timber has the lowest embodied energy of any of the construction materials. Paper production from trees requires much more energy. There is some energy saving in recycling, as recycled paper substitutes for pulp derived from wood chips. Growing crops for food also requires energy. The energy required for plants to grow comes from the sun, but there are additional energy inputs from fertiliser and farm machinery to speed up the growth process and vastly improve crop yields. If grains are used as animal feed, then the energy inputs are much larger than the dietary energy output—the larger the animal and the longer it is fattened up before slaughter, the more inefficient the process. The use of crops to make fuel for electrical power generation or for processing into liquid fuels is horribly inefficient. The problem is simple—the plants do not grow fast enough!
Embodied Energy and Energy Return on Investment
Authors: Rez Peter 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
It is nearly always the case that the energy used to make the materials dominates, whereas the energy used in shipping either the raw materials or the finished product is usually small in comparison. For most things that we use, the embodied energy is much less than the energy consumed in operational use. When considering energy generation, there are two energy costs that should be considered. There is the energy needed to build the system, which can be thought of as a ‘capital’ or investment energy, and the energy needed to provide the fuel. For fossil fuels, the energy needed to provide the fuel dominates; for renewables, the fuel is free, so there is only an investment energy. The investment energy for nuclear power is greater than the energy needed to make the fuel, but only by a factor of about 4.
Separationism
Authors: Kirchin Simon 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The main aim of this chapter is to describe in detail separationism: its core aspects, its motivations, its advantages, and its weaknesses. In doing so two broad forms of separationism are detailed and contrasted. ‘Simple separationism’ is developed using the work of Simon Blackburn. ‘Complex separationism’ was expressed in a paper by Daniel Elstein and Thomas Hurka and is extended in this chapter. As well as showing how these two forms of separationism contrast and their advantages and disadvantages, this chapter highlights the desiderata that any account of thin and thick concepts much satisfy and lists four worries that one may have with nonseparationism.
Essentially Evaluative?
Authors: Kirchin Simon 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This chapter continues the account of thick concepts defended in Chapter Six by arguing that such concepts are essentially evaluative. This is opposed to the view that thick concepts are merely nonevaluative concepts that happen, every so often, to convey evaluation through linguistic and other contingent conventions. This opposing view has been best articulated by Pekka Väyrynen. This chapter presents and considers Väyrynen’s arguments for his claim, and the assumptions that lie behind both his own account of thin and thick concepts, and his overall view of evaluation. This chapter ventures that his arguments against nonseparationism do not work and that, in addition, his own position is suspect.