bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors predicting a change in diagnosis in patients hospitalised through the emergency room: a prospective observational study
Authors: Hautz Stefanie C , Schuler Luca , Kämmer Juliane E , Schauber Stefan K , Ricklin Meret E , Sauter Thomas C , Maier Volker , Birrenbach Tanja , Exadaktylos Aristomenis , Hautz Wolf E 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionEmergency rooms (ERs) generally assign a preliminary diagnosis to patients, who are then hospitalised and may subsequently experience a change in their lead diagnosis (cDx). In ERs, the cDx rate varies from around 15% to more than 50%. Among the most frequent reasons for diagnostic errors are cognitive slips, which mostly result from faulty data synthesis. Furthermore, physicians have been repeatedly found to be poor self-assessors and to be overconfident in the quality of their diagnosis, which limits their ability to improve. Therefore, some of the clinically most relevant research questions concern how diagnostic decisions are made, what determines their quality and what can be done to improve them. Research that addresses these questions is, however, still rare. In particular, field studies that allow for generalising findings from controlled experimental settings are lacking. The ER, with its high throughput and its many simultaneous visits, is perfectly suited for the study of factors contributing to diagnostic error. With this study, we aim to identify factors that allow prediction of an ER's diagnostic performance. Knowledge of these factors as well as of their relative importance allows for the development of organisational, medical and educational strategies to improve the diagnostic performance of ERs.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a field study by collecting diagnostic decision data, physician confidence and a number of influencing factors in a real-world setting to model real-world diagnostic decisions and investigate the adequacy, validity and informativeness of physician confidence in these decisions. We will specifically collect data on patient, physician and encounter factors as predictors of the dependent variables. Statistical methods will include analysis of variance and a linear mixed-effects model.Ethics and disseminationThe Bern ethics committee approved the study under KEK Number 197/15. Results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific medical journals. Authorship will be determined according to ICMJE guidelines.Trial registration numberThe study protocol Version 1.0 from 17 May 2015 is registered in the Inselspital Research Database Information System (IRDIS) and with the IRB (‘Kantonale Ethikkomission’) Bern under KEK Number 197/15.
Molecular clonality assessment shows high performance to predict malignant B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using cytological smears
Authors: Roepman Paul , Boots Cecile-Marie , Scheidel Karen C , Sprong Tobias , de Bruin Peter , de Weerdt Okke , Groenen Patricia J T A , Kummer J Alain 
Published: May 2016

AimsMolecular PCR-based clonality analysis is helpful for identification of monoclonal B-cell or T-cell populations and to distinguish malignant lymphoma from reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Typically, clonality assessment on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) requires freshly obtained aspirates, but the collection and processing of these samples are often challenging in daily practice. In this study, we assessed the routine diagnostic value of the EuroClonality/BIOMED-2 assay for B-cell clonality on air-dried archived Giemsa-stained smears.MethodsThis study comprised a retrospective analysis of a consecutive diagnostic cohort of 192 FNAC samples from 184 patients with at least 2-year follow-up. The results from the clonality assay were integrated with cytomorphological assessment and evaluated for their accuracy in detecting malignant disease. EuroClonality expert re-evaluation was performed for all cases with ambiguous results and for cases in which the diagnosis did not match the follow-up data.ResultsThe clonality assay showed a high accuracy of 93% for detection of malignancy, with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 92%. All 64 cases with monoclonal Ig heavy chain (IGH)/Ig kappa chain (IGK) rearrangements were confirmed malignant by histology or clinical follow-up. Expert re-evaluation changed the definite diagnosis for five cases (3%), mainly because of low signals or no proper duplicate results. We discuss and elucidate all cases for which the clonality results did not match the disease follow-up.ConclusionsThis study showed that EuroClonality/BIOMED-2 assay can successfully be performed on cytological Giemsa-stained smears and inclusion in daily practice can assist in better identification of malignant lymphoma.
Time to spontaneous ductus arteriosus closure in full-term neonates
Authors: Nagasawa Hiroyuki , Hamada Chikuma , Wakabayashi Masashi , Nakagawa Yuki , Nomura Satoshi , Kohno Yoshinori 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveThe mean closure time of the ductus arteriosus (DA) in full-term neonates is presumed to be 1–2 days after birth; however, whether this rate is accurate throughout the neonatal period is still unclear. In addition, the clinical determinants that influence DA closure remain unknown.MethodsEchocardiography was performed 1826 times (897 in boys, 929 in girls) in 1442 participants (732 boys, 710 girls). An iE33 colour Doppler echocardiograph supplied by Philips Electronics was employed to examine DA flow. Data regarding sex, birth date, examination date, method of delivery, mother's age, past deliveries, neonatal body weight and body height were also collected. The Statistical Analysis System makes statistical clarification of these queries possible. We examined the persistence of DA in full-term neonates and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates in the early neonatal period using colour Doppler echocardiography, and a subsequent analysis with SAS.ResultsAfter performing multivariable analyses, the median DA persistency times were 27.42 and 45.10 h after birth in boys and girls, respectively. A statistically significant sex difference was observed (p<0.0001). Additionally, significant time differences were observed between vaginal and scheduled caesarean deliveries, at 26.97 and 28.93 h, respectively (p=0.0245). No significant differences were observed in the other variables.ConclusionsSpontaneous DA closure time curves were clarified for the first time throughout the early neonatal period in full-term and AGA neonates. It was revealed that both sex and delivery method play important roles in time to DA closure.
Comparison of relationship between histopathological, serological and biochemical parameters in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection
Authors: Diktas Husrev , Karacaer Zehra , Özturk I Ilker , Cicek Huseyin 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Objective
To demonstrate the relationship between liver histology, alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels based on hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seropositivity status in naive patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Materials and method
Naive patients with CHB admitted to our hospital between January 2012 and April 2014 were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were allocated into one of two groups based on HBeAg-seropositivity status.

Results
Two hundred and fourteen patients were enrolled in the study. Of these 214 patients, 103 (48.1%) were HBeAg-positive and 111 (51.9%) were HBeAg-negative. In the HBeAg-positive group, positive correlations were found between histologic activity index (HAI) scores and ALT (t=3.3, r=0.31, p=0.001), AST (t=2.8, r=0.27, p=0.005) and HBV DNA load (t=2.5, r=0.24, p=0.014). Additionally, in this group, fibrosis scores had positive correlations with ALT (t=3.3, r=0.32, p=0.001) and AST (t=2.7, r=0.26, p=0.008). In the HBeAg-negative group, positive correlations were found between HAI scores and ALT (t=3, r=0. 28, p=0.003), AST (t=3, r=0. 28, p=0.003) and HBV DNA (t=5.3, r=0. 45, p=0). In this same group, fibrosis scores had a positive correlation with HBV DNA (t=2.2, r=0. 21, p=0.024). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a positive relationship between fibrosis and ALT in the HBeAg-positive group and a positive relationship between fibrosis and HBV DNA load in the HBeAg-negative group.

Conclusions
This study showed that HBV DNA load is an independent predictive factor for evaluating HAI and fibrosis in the HBeAg-negative group. Also, ALT is an independent predictive factor for evaluating fibrosis in the HBeAg-positive group.
Characterization of InN nanoparticles prepared by laser as photodetector
Authors: Khashan Khawla S. , Abbas Sarah F. 
Published: May 2016

Indium nitride (InN) nanoparticles (NPs) are a potentially important material for optoelectronic and high speed electronic devices. Using 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, InN NPs suspension has been prepared by laser ablation of indium target submerged under ammonium hydroxide. FTIR determined the presence of In=N at 1114.8 cm[Formula: see text] symmetric stretching mode, and In–N bending vibration mode appears at 445.5 cm[Formula: see text]. X-ray diffraction (XRD) observed the peaks (101), (110), and (220) as a reflection formation cubic InN, with an average size of 2 nm. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image shows that the NPs have a spherical shape with particle size in the range 2–20 nm. The transmission spectra of InN NPs suspension have the maximum optical transmission edge at 1378 nm with the band gap energy of 1.2 eV. The current–voltage characteristics of InN/Si heterojunction have a good rectifying property with a spectral responsivity of about 0.797 A/W at 750 nm wavelength.
IDENTIFYING OPEN INNOVATION PARTNERS: A METHODOLOGY FOR STRATEGIC PARTNER SELECTION
Authors: GUERTLER MATTHIAS R. , LINDEMANN UDO 
Published: May 2016

By opening a company’s innovation process, and allowing purposeful collaboration with external partners, Open Innovation (OI) offers several advantages, such as the use of external expertise, shorter time-to-market and reduced failure rates. However, the success of OI projects is directly linked to the selection of suitable partners, who operationally or strategically contribute to reach the goal of the OI project. Despite this relevance of OI-partner selection, methodical support has hitherto been limited — it is either too abstract to be helpful in practice, or too focused on single aspects. This paper presents a methodical approach to close this gap by combining identification and selection approaches from different fields, such as stakeholder analysis, lead-user identification and systems engineering. The methodology was evaluated in an industrial OI-project with an SME from plant manufacturing.
IgMκ and IgMλ Measurements for the Assessment of Patients with Waldenström's Macroglobulinaemia
Authors: Boyle Eileen , Manier Salomon , Lejeune Julie , Fouquet Guillemette , Guidez Stephanie , Bonnet Sarah , Debarri Houria , Demarquette Helene , Dulery Remy , Gay Julie , Hennache Bernadette , Onraed Brigitte , Faucompré Jean-Luc , Schraen Suzanna , Facon Thierry , Avet-Loiseau Hervé , Chevret Sylvie , Leblond Veronique , Harding Stephen , Leleu Xavier 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Purpose: Accurate quantification of monoclonal IgM immunoglobulins is essential for response assessment in patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (WM). The propensity of IgM to form multimers in serum makes sample evaluation by current laboratory methods particularly challenging.
Experimental Design: We assessed the precision and linearity of IgMκ and IgMλ heavy/light chain (HLC, Hevylite) assays, and established reference intervals using 120 normal donor sera. We compared the quantitative performance of HLC assays with serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and total IgM nephelometry for 78 diagnostic samples and follow-up samples from 25 patients with WM. Comparisons were made between the three methods for diagnostic sensitivity and response assessment.
Results: IgMκ and IgMλ HLC assays showed low imprecision and good linearity. There was good agreement between summated HLC (IgMκ + IgMλ) and total IgM (measured nephelometrically; R2 = 0.90), but only moderate agreement between involved IgM HLC and SPE densitometry (R2 = 0.49). Analysis of 120 normal donor sera produced the following normal ranges: IgMκ: 0.29–1.82 g/L; IgMλ: 0.17–0.94 g/L; IgMκ/IgMλ ratio: 0.96–2.30. Using these ranges, IgM HLC ratios were abnormal in all WM presentation sera tested, including 15 with non-quantifiable SPE. Despite discordance in quantitation, responses assigned with HLC assays showed excellent agreement to those based on international guidelines using SPE or total IgM; although abnormal HLC ratios indicated residual disease in some patients with negative electrophoresis results.
Conclusions: Nephelometric assessment of IgMκ and IgMλ HLC pairs offers a quantitative alternative to traditional laboratory techniques for the measurement of monoclonal IgM and may aid in the management of WM. Clin Cancer Res; 22(20); 5152–8. ©2016 AACR.
Increases in Absolute Lymphocytes and Circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells Are Associated with Positive Clinical Outcome of Melanoma Patients Treated with Ipilimumab
Authors: Martens Alexander , Wistuba-Hamprecht Kilian , Yuan Jianda , Postow Michael A. , Wong Phillip , Capone Mariaelena , Madonna Gabriele , Khammari Amir , Schilling Bastian , Sucker Antje , Schadendorf Dirk , Martus Peter , Dreno Brigitte , Ascierto Paolo A. , Wolchok Jedd D. , Pawelec Graham , Garbe Claus , Weide Benjamin 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate changes of peripheral blood biomarkers and their impact on clinical outcome following treatment with ipilimumab in advanced melanoma patients.
Experimental Design: Changes in blood counts and the frequency of circulating immune cell populations analyzed by flow cytometry were investigated in 82 patients to compare baseline values with different time-points after starting ipilimumab. Endpoints were overall survival (OS) and best clinical response. Statistical calculations were done by Wilcoxon-matched pairs tests, Fisher exact test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, and Cox regression analysis.
Results: Increases in absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) 2 to 8 weeks (P = 0.003) and in percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells 8 to 14 weeks (P = 0.001 and P = 0.02) after the first dose of ipilimumab were correlated with improved survival. These associations did not meet significance criteria, when conservatively adjusted for multiple testing, but were additionally correlated with clinical responses (all P &lt; 0.05). However, validation is required. Increases in all three factors were observed in 36% of patients, who had a favorable outcome and survival probabilities of 93.3% and 63.8% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. A partial or complete response was observed in 71% of these patients compared with only 8% in patients with decreases in ≥1 of the 3 factors, respectively. Changes of regulatory T cells or myeloid-derived suppressor cells were not associated with OS.
Conclusions: Increases of ALC observed 2 to 8 weeks after initiation of ipilimumab and delayed increases in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells reflect changes associated with positive outcome. These changes represent surrogate marker candidates and warrant further validation. Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4848–58. ©2016 AACR.
Sensitizing Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to PI3K Inhibition by Cotargeting IGF1R
Authors: de Lint Klaas , Poell Jos B. , Soueidan Hayssam , Jastrzebski Katarzyna , Vidal Rodriguez Jordi , Lieftink Cor , Wessels Lodewyk F.A. , Beijersbergen Roderick L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTargeted therapies have proven invaluable in the treatment of breast cancer, as exemplified by tamoxifen treatment for hormone receptor–positive tumors and trastuzumab treatment for HER2-positive tumors. In contrast, a subset of breast cancer negative for these markers, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), has met limited success with pathway-targeted therapies. A large fraction of TNBCs depend on the PI3K pathway for proliferation and survival, but inhibition of PI3K alone generally has limited clinical benefit. We performed an RNAi-based genetic screen in a human TNBC cell line to identify kinases whose knockdown synergizes with the PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 (pictilisib). We discovered that knockdown of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) expression potently increased sensitivity of these cells to GDC-0941. Pharmacologic inhibition of IGF1R using OSI-906 (linsitinib) showed a strong synergy with PI3K inhibition. Furthermore, we found that the combination of GDC-0941 and OSI-906 is synergistic in 8 lines from a panel of 18 TNBC cell lines. In these cell lines, inhibition of IGF1R further decreases the activity of downstream PI3K pathway components when PI3K is inhibited. Expression analysis of the panel of TNBC cell lines indicates that the expression levels of IGF2BP3 can be used as a potential predictor for sensitivity to the PI3K/IGF1R inhibitor combination. Our data show that combination therapy consisting of PI3K and IGF1R inhibitors could be beneficial in a subset of TNBCs. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(7); 1545–56. ©2016 AACR.
Cell-Cycle Gene Alterations in 4,864 Tumors Analyzed by Next-Generation Sequencing: Implications for Targeted Therapeutics
Authors: Helsten Teresa , Kato Shumei , Schwaederle Maria , Tomson Brett N. , Buys Timon P.H. , Elkin Sheryl K. , Carter Jennifer L. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Alterations in the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-retinoblastoma (RB) machinery disrupt cell-cycle regulation and are being targeted in drug development. To understand the cancer types impacted by this pathway, we analyzed frequency of abnormalities in key cell-cycle genes across 4,864 tumors using next-generation sequencing (182 or 236 genes; Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments laboratory). Aberrations in the cell-cycle pathway were identified in 39% of cancers, making this pathway one of the most commonly altered in cancer. The frequency of aberrations was as follows: CDKN2A/B (20.1% of all patients), RB1 (7.6%), CCND1 (6.1%), CCNE1 (3.6%), CDK4 (3.2%), CCND3 (1.8%), CCND2 (1.7%), and CDK6 (1.7%). Rates and types of aberrant cell-cycle pathway genes differed between cancer types and within histologies. Analysis of coexisting and mutually exclusive genetic aberrations showed that CCND1, CCND2, and CCND3 aberrations were all positively associated with CDK6 aberrations [OR and P values, multivariate analysis: CCND1 and CDK6 (OR = 3.5; P &lt; 0.0001), CCND2 and CDK6 (OR = 4.3; P = 0.003), CCND3 and CDK6 (OR = 3.6; P = 0.007)]. In contrast, RB1 alterations were negatively associated with multiple gene anomalies in the cell-cycle pathway, including CCND1 (OR = 0.25; P = 0.003), CKD4 (OR = 0.10; P = 0.001), and CDKN2A/B (OR = 0.21; P &lt; 0.0001). In conclusion, aberrations in the cell-cycle pathway were very common in diverse cancers (39% of 4,864 neoplasms). The frequencies and types of alterations differed between and within tumor types and will be informative for drug development strategies. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(7); 1682–90. ©2016 AACR.
МОЖЛИВОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ЛІКАРСЬКИХ РОСЛИН ВОЛИНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ В ФІТОТЕРАПІЇ ЦУКРОВОГО ДІАБЕТУ
Authors: SOVTUS I. M. 
Published: May 2016

<p>У статті наведено дані розподілу лімітів використання лікарсько-технічної сировини, охарактеризовано ресурсний потенціал лікарських рослин Волинської області, які зростають на території Волинської області і застосовуються в комплексному лікуванні цукрового діабету. </p>
Notes on the genus Leveillula (Erysiphaceae): a new unrecorded species and notes on Leveillula infecting Ficus, Cucurbita and Tropaeolum in Iran
Authors: KHODAPARAST SEYED AKBAR , TAKAMATSU SUSUMU , SHADLOU ADEL , DAMADI MOHSEN , PIRNIA MAHDI , JAHANI MAHDI 
Published: May 2016

Taxonomy of the genus Leveillula has long been considered as a challenge in powdery mildew systematics. During the last decade the rDNA diversity has been used for phylogenetic analysis of the genus Leveillula aiming for better understanding of the genetic diversity and taxonomy of the genus. Iran with an arid and warm climate provides a high Leveillula powdery mildew diversity associated with a wide range of host plants. In this study we have obtained additional rDNA ITS sequences from four samples which show more diversity on ITS rDNA region. According to our observation morphology of Leveillula on Tropaeolum majus is different from what described as L. tropaeolicola on this host species. Leveillula on Ficus carica could be closely related to L. contractirostris. The fungus on Cucurbita is morphologically different from L. taurica, a common species that has been recorded on a wide range of crops as well as Cucurbitaceae. To determine phylogenetic relationships and to facilitate species identification, ITS regions of rDNA were sequenced for new collections. Sequence of rDNA ITS from Cucurbita powdery mildew showed 100% identity to those of L. thevenotiae. Leveillula on Ficus carica clustered with L. contractirostris. ITS sequences of L. jaczewskii was generated for the first time. These data showed that L. jaczewskii is closely related to L. taurica on Zygophyllum fabago (holotype host for L. taurica), however, the two DNA sequences differ at five positions.
Modeling Rainfall Interception Loss for an Epiphyte-Laden Quercus virginiana Forest Using Reformulated Static- and Variable-Storage Gash Analytical Models
Authors: Van Stan John T. , Gutmann Ethan D. , Lewis Elliott S. , Gay Trent E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBarrier island forests are sensitive to changing precipitation characteristics as they typically rely on a precipitation-fed freshwater lens. Understanding and predicting significant rainfall losses is, therefore, critical to the prediction and management of hydrometeorological processes in the barrier island forest ecosystem. This study measures and models one such loss, canopy rainfall interception, for a barrier island forest common across subtropical and tropical coastlines: epiphyte-laden Quercus virginiana on St. Catherine’s Island (Georgia, United States). Reformulated Gash analytical models (RGAMs) relying on static- and variable-canopy-storage formulations were parameterized using common maximum water storage (minimum, mean, maximum, and laboratory submersion) and evaporation (Penman–Monteith, saturated rain–throughfall regression, and rain–interception regression) estimation methods. Cumulative interception loss was 37% of rainfall, and the epiphyte community contribution to interception loss was 11%. Variable-storage RGAMs using inferred evaporation and maximum water storage estimates performed best: mean absolute error of 1–2 mm, normalized mean percent error of 15%–25%, and model efficiency of 0.88–0.97, resulting in a 2%–5% overestimate of cumulative interception. Static- and variable-storage RGAMs using physically derived evaporation (Penman–Monteith) underestimated observed interception loss (40%–60%), yet the error was significantly lowered for submersion estimates of maximum water storage. Greater apparent error when using Penman–Monteith rates may result from unknown drying times, evaporation sources, and/or in situ epiphyte storage dynamics. As such, it is suggested that future research apply existing technologies to quantify evaporative processes during rainfall (e.g., eddy covariance) and to develop new methods to directly monitor in situ epiphyte water storage.