bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing women participation in home ownership in Nigeria
Authors: Adegoke Bolanle Felicia , Adegoke Oluseyi Joshua , Oyedele Joseph Bamidele 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– Women owning a home may take various forms which may be one of the following: through development of land, buying a home or through inheritance. Meanwhile, in many countries and regions of Sub-Saharan African, women’s rights to land and the incidence of exercising rights have been eroded over time. The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors influencing women participation in home ownership in Nigeria with a view to improving housing provision.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study purposively administered 170 questionnaires to female staff of the Federal Polytechnic, Ede, Nigeria, who was the study population. This population was chosen because of the fact that the institution is owned by Federal Government, where Federal characters are well reflected. The population cut across major tribes in Nigeria. Both descriptive and inferential technique was used to analyze the data.

Findings
– The results revealed that income status, cultural norms/traditions, unemployment, structural inequalities have significant influence on the decisions of the women in the study area while tribes, age among others have no significant influence on women decision to own homes.

Practical implications
– The paper recommended that government should enact laws and policies in favor of women to own lands and develop it. Also there should be gender balance in employment opportunities.

Originality/value
– Women’s equal rights to adequate housing, land and property are well elaborated under international human rights law but are often elusive in practice. This paper empirically studied factors influencing women participation in home ownership in Nigeria.
Institutional Differences and International Private Debt Markets: A Test Using Mandatory IFRS Adoption
Authors: BROWN ANNA BERGMAN 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTInstitutional differences between countries result in additional information risks between borrowers and lenders in cross‐border private loans. This study examines the effect of these information risks on the structure of optimal debt contracts in international (cross‐border) versus domestic private debt markets. Using mandatory IFRS adoption as an indicator for institutional changes that reduced differences between countries, I compare attributes of international versus domestic loans before and after IFRS adoption. I find that, in the pre‐IFRS period, international loans are associated with a higher credit spread, a weaker relationship between the bank and the borrower, a more diffuse loan syndicate, and less reliance on accounting‐based covenants than domestic loans. These results are consistent with incremental information risks in international debt markets that make it more costly for lenders to screen and monitor borrower credit quality, resulting in a more arm's‐length relationship between borrowers and lenders. Many of these associations attenuate after IFRS adoption, suggesting that the pre‐IFRS differences in contract terms are driven by incremental information risks related to institutional differences between countries. My findings imply that incremental information risks result in a different optimal contract in international debt contracts compared to domestic debt contracts.
Storm‐Related Postmortem Damage to Skeletal Remains
Authors: Maijanen Heli , Wilson‐Taylor Rebecca J. , Jantz Lee Meadows 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn April 2011, human skeletons were exposed to heavy storms at the outdoor Anthropology Research Facility (ARF) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Of the approximate 125 skeletons at the ARF in April 2011, 30 donations exhibited postmortem damage that could be attributed to the storms. At least 20 of the affected donations exhibit postmortem damage clearly associated with hailstones due to the oval shape and similar small size of the defects observed. The irregular shape and larger size of other defects may be a product of other falling objects (e.g., tree branches) associated with the storms. Storm‐related damage was observed throughout the skeleton, with the most commonly damaged skeletal elements being the scapula and ilium, but more robust elements (i.e., femora and tibiae) also displayed characteristic features of hailstone damage. Thus, hailstone damage should be considered when forensic practitioners observe unusual postmortem damage in skeletal remains recovered from the outdoor context.
GIbPSs: a toolkit for fast and accurate analyses of genotyping‐by‐sequencing data without a reference genome
Authors: Hapke A. , Thiele D. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractGenotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) and related methods are increasingly used for studies of non‐model organisms from population genetic to phylogenetic scales. We present GIbPSs, a new genotyping toolkit for the analysis of data from various protocols such as RAD, double‐digest RAD, GBS, and two‐enzyme GBS without a reference genome. GIbPSs can handle paired‐end GBS data and is able to assign reads from both strands of a restriction fragment to the same locus. GIbPSs is most suitable for population genetic and phylogeographic analyses. It avoids genotyping errors due to indel variation by identifying and discarding affected loci. GIbPSs creates a genotype database that offers rich functionality for data filtering and export in numerous formats. We performed comparative analyses of simulated and real GBS data with GIbPSs and another program, pyRAD. This program accounts for indel variation by aligning homologous sequences. GIbPSs performed better than pyRAD in several aspects. It required much less computation time and displayed higher genotyping accuracy. GIbPSs retained smaller numbers of loci overall in analyses of real GBS data. It nevertheless delivered more complete genotype matrices with greater locus overlap between individuals and greater numbers of loci sampled in all individuals.
Plant‐O‐Matic: a dynamic and mobile guide to all plants of the Americas
Authors: Goldsmith Gregory R. , Morueta‐Holme Naia , Sandel Brody , Fitz Eric D. , Fitz Samuel D. , Boyle Brad , Casler Nathan , Engemann Kristine , Jørgensen Peter M. , Kraft Nathan J. B. , McGill Brian , Peet Robert K. , Piel William H. , Spencer Nick , Svenning Jens‐Christian , Thiers Barbara M. , Violle Cyrille , Wiser Susan K. , Enquist Brian J. 
Published: February 2016

Summary

Advances in both informatics and mobile technology are providing exciting new opportunities for generating, disseminating, and engaging with information in the biological sciences at unprecedented spatial scales, particularly in disentangling information on the distributions and natural history of hyperdiverse groups of organisms.

We describe an application serving as a mobile catalog of all of the plants of the Americas developed using species distribution models estimated from field observations of plant occurrences. The underlying data comprise over 3·5 million standardized observations of over 88 000 plant species.

Plant‐O‐Matic, a free iOS application, combines the species distribution models with the location services built into a mobile device to provide users with a list of all plant species expected to occur in the 100 × 100 km geographic grid cell corresponding to the user's location. The application also provides ancillary information on species’ attributes (when available) including growth form, reproductive mode, flower color, and common name. Results can be searched and conditionally filtered based on these attributes. Links to externally sourced specimen images further aid in identification of species by the user.

The application's ability to assemble locally relevant lists of plant species and their attributes on demand for anywhere in the Americas provides a powerful new tool for identifying, exploring, and understanding plant diversity. Mobile applications such as Plant‐O‐Matic can facilitate dynamic new approaches to science, conservation, and science education.
Selection signatures in Shetland ponies
Authors: Frischknecht M. , Flury C. , Leeb T. , Rieder S. , Neuditschko M. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryShetland ponies were selected for numerous traits including small stature, strength, hardiness and longevity. Despite the different selection criteria, Shetland ponies are well known for their small stature. We performed a selection signature analysis including genome‐wide SNPs of 75 Shetland ponies and 76 large‐sized horses. Based upon this dataset, we identified a selection signature on equine chromosome (ECA) 1 between 103.8 Mb and 108.5 Mb. A total of 33 annotated genes are located within this interval including the IGF1R gene at 104.2 Mb and the ADAMTS17 gene at 105.4 Mb. These two genes are well known to have a major impact on body height in numerous species including humans. Homozygosity mapping in the Shetland ponies identified a region with increased homozygosity between 107.4 Mb and 108.5 Mb. None of the annotated genes in this region have so far been associated with height. Thus, we cannot exclude the possibility that the identified selection signature on ECA1 is associated with some trait other than height, for which Shetland ponies were selected.
Approach to haemangiomatosis causing congestive heart failure
Authors: Tal Roie , Dotan Moshe , Lorber Avraham 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHaemangiomas represent the most common tumour of infancy. Although most cases are cutaneous benign lesions, multiple skin haemangiomas are associated with visceral involvement, especially of the liver. Hepatic haemangiomatosis may be complicated by high‐output cardiac failure due to high‐flow arteriovenous connections within the lesions. Different therapeutic strategies for treating haemangiomatosis causing heart failure include medical, surgical and interventional modalities. This study aimed to review the treatment options, discuss their benefits and flaws and propose a practical therapeutic approach for this medical situation.ConclusionOur approach incorporates heart failure medications, dietary support and propranolol as first‐line treatment, while corticosteroids, vincristine, percutaneous intervention and surgery are reserved for refractory cases.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: faecal occult blood tests show lower colorectal cancer detection rates in the proximal colon in colonoscopy‐verified diagnostic studies
Authors: Hirai H. W. , Tsoi K. K. F. , Chan J. Y. C. , Wong S. H. , Ching J. Y. L. , Wong M. C. S. , Wu J. C. Y. , Chan F. K. L. , Sung J. J. Y. , Ng S. C. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryBackgroundThe performance of faecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) to screen proximally located colorectal cancer (CRC) has produced inconsistent results.AimTo assess in a meta‐analysis, the diagnostic accuracy of FOBTs for relative detection of CRC according to anatomical location of CRC.MethodsDiagnostic studies including both symptomatic and asymptomatic cohorts assessing performance of FOBTs for CRC were searched from MEDINE and EMBASE. Primary outcome was accuracy of FOBTs according to the anatomical location of CRC. Bivariate random‐effects model was used. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate test performance of guaiac‐based FOBT (gFOBT) and immunochemical‐based FOBT (iFOBT).ResultsThirteen studies, with 17 cohorts, reporting performance of FOBT were included; a total of 26 342 patients (mean age 58.9 years; 58.1% male) underwent both colonoscopy and FOBT. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of FOBTs for CRC detection in the proximal colon were 71.2% (95% CI 61.3–79.4%), 93.6% (95% CI 90.7–95.7%), 11.1 (95% CI 7.8–15.8) and 0.3 (95% CI 0.2–0.4) respectively. Corresponding findings for CRC detection in distal colon were 80.1% (95% CI 70.9–87.0%), 93.6% (95% CI 90.7–95.7%), 12.6 (95% CI 8.8–18.1) and 0.2 (95% CI 0.1–0.3). The area‐under‐curve for FOBT detection for proximal and distal CRC were 90% vs. 94% (P = 0.0143). Both gFOBT and iFOBT showed significantly lower sensitivity but comparable specificity for the detection of proximally located CRC compared with distal CRC.ConclusionFaecal occult blood tests, both guaiac‐ and immunochemical‐based, show better diagnostic performance for the relative detection of colorectal cancer in the distal colon than in the proximal bowel.
Role of COX‐2‐derived PGE2 on vascular stiffness and function in hypertension
Authors: Avendaño M S , Martínez‐Revelles S , Aguado A , Simões M R , González‐Amor M , Palacios R , Guillem‐Llobat P , Vassallo D V , Vila L , García‐Puig J , Beltrán L M , Alonso M J , Cachofeiro M V , Salaices M , Briones A M 
Published: February 2016

Background and PurposeProstanoids derived from COX‐2 and EP receptors are involved in vascular remodelling in different cardiovascular pathologies. This study evaluates the contribution of COX‐2 and EP1 receptors to vascular remodelling and function in hypertension.Experimental ApproachSpontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and angiotensin II (AngII)‐infused (1.44 mg·kg−1·day−1, 2 weeks) mice were treated with the COX‐2 inhibitor celecoxib (25 mg·kg−1·day−1 i.p) or with the EP1 receptor antagonist SC19220 (10 mg·kg−1·day−1 i.p.). COX‐2−/− mice with or without AngII infusion were also used.Key ResultsCelecoxib and SC19220 treatment did not modify the altered lumen diameter and wall : lumen ratio in mesenteric resistance arteries from SHR‐infused and/or AngII‐infused animals. However, both treatments and COX‐2 deficiency decreased the augmented vascular stiffness in vessels from hypertensive animals. This was accompanied by diminished vascular collagen deposition, normalization of altered elastin structure and decreased connective tissue growth factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 gene expression. COX‐2 deficiency and SC19220 treatment diminished the increased vasoconstrictor responses and endothelial dysfunction induced by AngII infusion. Hypertensive animals showed increased mPGES‐1 expression and PGE2 production in vascular tissue, normalized by celecoxib. Celecoxib treatment also decreased AngII‐induced macrophage infiltration and TNF‐α expression. Macrophage conditioned media (MCM) increased COX‐2 and collagen type I expression in vascular smooth muscle cells; the latter was reduced by celecoxib treatment.Conclusions and ImplicationsCOX‐2 and EP1 receptors participate in the increased extracellular matrix deposition and vascular stiffness, the impaired vascular function and inflammation in hypertension. Targeting PGE2 receptors might have benefits in hypertension‐associated vascular damage.
Detrital zircon geochronology of pre‐ and syncollisional strata, Acadian orogen, Maine Appalachians
Authors: Bradley Dwight C. , O'Sullivan Paul 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe Central Maine Basin is the largest expanse of deep‐marine, Upper Ordovician to Devonian metasedimentary rocks in the New England Appalachians, and is a key to the tectonics of the Acadian Orogeny. Detrital zircon ages are reported from two groups of strata: (1) the Quimby, Rangeley, Perry Mountain and Smalls Falls Formations, which were derived from inboard, northwesterly sources and are supposedly older; and (2) the Madrid, Carrabassett and Littleton Formations, which were derived from outboard, easterly sources and are supposedly younger. Deep‐water deposition prevailed throughout, with the provenance shift inferred to mark the onset of foredeep deposition and orogeny. The detrital zircon age distribution of a composite of the inboard‐derived units shows maxima at 988 and 429 Ma; a composite from the outboard‐derived units shows maxima at 1324, 1141, 957, 628, and 437 Ma. The inboard‐derived units have a greater proportion of zircons between 450 and 400 Ma. Three samples from the inboard‐derived group have youngest age maxima that are significantly younger than the nominal depositional ages. The outboard‐derived group does not share this problem. These results are consistent with the hypothesised provenance shift, but they signal potential problems with the established stratigraphy, structure, and (or) regional mapping. Shallow‐marine deposits of the Silurian to Devonian Ripogenus Formation, from northwest of the Central Maine Basin, yielded detrital zircons featuring a single age maximum at 441 Ma. These zircons were likely derived from a nearby magmatic arc now concealed by younger strata. Detrital zircons from the Tarratine Formation, part of the Acadian foreland‐basin succession in this strike belt, shows age maxima at 1615, 980 and 429 Ma. These results are consistent with three episodes of zircon recycling beginning with the deposition of inboard‐derived strata of the Central Maine Basin, which were shed from post‐Taconic highlands located to the northwest. Next, southeasterly parts of this succession were deformed in the Acadian orogeny, shedding detritus towards the northwest into what remained of the basin. Finally, by Pragian time, all strata in the Central Maine Basin had been deformed and detritus from this new source accumulated as the Tarratine Formation in a new incarnation of the foreland basin. Silurian‐Devonian strata from the Central Maine Basin have similar detrital zircon age distributions to coeval rocks from the Arctic Alaska and Farewell terranes of Alaska and the Northwestern terrane of Svalbard. We suggest that these strata were derived from different segments of the 6500‐km‐long Appalachian‐Caledonide orogen.
Racial/ethnic and socio‐economic biases in child maltreatment severity assessment in Spanish child protection services caseworkers
Authors: Arruabarrena Ignacia , de Paúl Joaquín , Indias Silvia , García Mikel 
Published: February 2016

AbstractEvidence from several countries has shown the over‐representation of racial/ethnic minority groups in child protection services (CPS). The objective of the present study was to explore whether racial/ethnic and socio‐economic biases influence Spanish CPS caseworkers' judgements of the severity of child maltreatment. Moreover, the study attempted to explore the influence on these judgements of the use of structured instruments and professional experience. Two case vignettes of child maltreatment were presented to 405 CPS caseworkers and 169 students of social work and psychology. Family ethnic origin and income were manipulated in the vignettes. The findings showed no statistical evidence of biases related to family ethnic origin or socio‐economic status (SES) in Spanish CPS caseworkers' judgements of maltreatment severity. Biases related to family SES were found for students for the vignettes of physical abuse. CPS caseworkers and students who did not use a structured instrument to assess maltreatment severity tended to underestimate the severity for the vignettes of parental incapacity to control child/adolescent behaviour and to overestimate it for the vignettes of physical abuse. CPS caseworkers who used a structured instrument showed higher percentages of accuracy and inter‐rater agreement, supporting the relevance of structured tools in reducing potential caseworkers' biases.
Guided bone regeneration and abutment connection augment the buccal soft tissue contour: 3‐year results of a prospective comparative clinical study
Authors: Benic Goran I. , Ge Yanjun , Gallucci German O. , Jung Ronald E. , Schneider David , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimTo test whether implant placement with simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) differs from implant placement without GBR regarding the change in marginal mucosal contour.Materials and methodsIn 28 patients, single implants were placed >4 months after tooth extraction. Eighteen implants were completely surrounded by native bone, and no bone augmentation was performed. At 10 implant sites, bone defects and thin bone plates were grafted with deproteinized bovine‐derived bone mineral and covered with collagen membrane. Impressions were taken prior to implant placement (baseline), at 3 months before abutment connection, at 6 months immediately after crown insertion, at 1 year, and at 3 years. Models were optically scanned and 3D images were superimposed for the evaluation of mucosal contour changes at the mid‐buccal aspect. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney U‐test was applied to detect differences.ResultsFrom baseline to 6 months, horizontal contour change at the level 1 and 2 mm apical to the mucosal margin measured 0.65 ± 0.74 mm and 0.55 ± 0.56 mm at sites without GBR, and 1.92 ± 0.87 mm and 1.76 ± 0.70 mm at sites with GBR (P < 0.05). In the period from baseline to 1 year, the corresponding values amounted to 0.81 ± 0.67 mm and 0.60 ± 0.55 mm in the group without GBR, and to 1.81 ± 0.86 mm and 1.37 ± 0.62 mm in the group with GBR (P < 0.05). From baseline to 6 months, mucosal margin moved 0.16 ± 0.49 mm in the coronal direction in the group without GBR and 0.82 ± 0.65 mm in the group with GBR (P < 0.05). In the period from baseline to 1 year, vertical change of mucosal margin amounted to 0.64 ± 0.54 mm in the group without GBR and to 1.17 ± 0.53 mm in the GBR group (P < 0.05). From 1 to 3 years, the mucosal contours remained stable.ConclusionsImplant placement with simultaneous GBR resulted in more gain of buccal soft tissue contour in comparison with implant placement without GBR. Abutment connection increased the contour of the marginal mucosa at the augmented and the nonaugmented sites. GBR procedure contributed more to the contour gain than did the abutment connection. The augmented and the nonaugmented ridges exhibited stable peri‐implant mucosal contour over a 3‐year period.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided ablation of branch‐duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: Feasibility and safety tests using porcine gallbladders
Authors: Park Jin‐Seok , Seo Dong‐Wan , Song Tae Jun , Park Do Hyun , Lee Sang Soo , Lee Sung Koo , Kim Myung‐Hwan 
Published: February 2016

Background and AimRadiofrequency ablation (RFA) and ethanol ablation are accepted methods of tissue destruction for treating cystic tumors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided ablation using normal porcine gallbladders as a substitute model for branch‐duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD‐IPMN).MethodsSix adult mini pigs were included in this prospective study. EUS‐guided RFA with or without ethanol ablation of the gallbladder was carried out using a prototype 18‐gauge endoscopic RFA electrode, and RFA and ethanol ablation were done in a single session. Outcomes were assessed in terms of macroscopic and microscopic evaluations of the treated gallbladders.ResultsThe prototype RFA electrode was used for ablation of the mucosa, aspiration of the internal contents of the gallbladder, and ethanol injection. RFA plus ethanol lavage resulted in a greater mean percentage of denuded gallbladder mucosa (97.5%) than RFA alone (55.8%). Effects of ablation extending to the cystic duct and partially denuded cystic duct mucosae were detected in five of the six pigs. There were no major procedure‐related adverse events.ConclusionsEUS‐guided ablation of the gallbladder mucosa was feasible and effective in the porcine model. Additional studies will be required to fully assess the risk of procedure‐related damage to the main pancreatic duct before using this technique in a clinical setting.