bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landscape patterns and ecosystem services under land use changes during long time periods in mountainous-hilly-plain complex terrain areas in southwestern China (Sichuan Province)
Authors: He Shouqin , Fan Min 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study proposed an innovative research framework for analyzing landscape patterns and assessing ecosystem service values under land use changes in mountainous-hilly-plain complex terrain areas southwest of China (Sichuan Province). Firstly, we analyzed the spatial characteristic scales of land uses by using lacunarity analysis and the results illustrated that the spatial heterogeneity and cluster characters of land uses appeared at different spatial scales. The fitting regression mode was then applied to quantify the interactive relationships between landscape pattern indexes and their driving factors. The outcomes revealed that the climate, social and economic driving factors were the key factors in shaping the landscape spatial pattern. Furthermore, the landscape spatial patterns indirectly impacted on ecosystem services from temporal and spatial perspectives. There were six high regulation and support ecosystem services contributed 85% of the total ecosystem services. Thus, it is necessary to understand the landscape processes and their spatial scales caused by land use changes for perfect management of specific ecosystem services targets, which can further effectively maintain ecological conservation targets and successfully sustain ecosystem services provision.
The Health Coach Approach: A Secondary Analysis on The Association Between Remote Health Wellness Coaching and Body Appreciation
Authors: Heeter Kathleen N. , Watkins Janette M. , Kercher Kyle A. , Macy Jonathan T. , Chow Angela , Roy Brad , Zhu Huiyi , Kercher Vanessa M Martinez 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Body image and body appreciation (BA) are often considered a young adult issue, but the importance of body image as a factor contributing to wellness persists across the lifespan. The study's purpose was to test (1) the effect of a 3-month health-and-wellness coaching (HWC) program on BA and (2) whether baseline measures of physical and mental health were related to changes in BA. 100 women completed a 3-month HWC program where BA and mental and physical health measures were collected twice.
Methods: A stepwise linear regression was conducted using measures of physical and mental health with BA as the outcome.
Results: A higher level of baseline depression was linked to more improvement in BA post-intervention (β=0.033, p<0.05), while higher baseline muscular endurance was linked to less improvement in BA at post-intervention (β= -0.022, p<0.01).
Conclusion:Results suggest that a 3-month HWC program has potential for improving BA, with stronger results possible among women with higher levels of depression at the start of the intervention.
Intensity-difference squeezing from four-wave mixing in hot 85Rb and 87Rb atoms in single diode laser pumping system
Authors: Sim Gisung , Kim Heewoo , Moon Han Seb 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Squeezed states of light, generated through four-wave mixing (FWM), are increasingly recognized as valuable resources for various applications in quantum sensing, quantum imaging, and quantum information processing. In this study, we report achieving more than − 7.8 dB of intensity-difference squeezing (IDS) in two-mode squeezed states from hot 85Rb vapor and − 5.0 dB from hot 87Rb vapor, utilizing a fiber electro-optic modulator (EOM) within a single home-made diode laser system. By mitigating the effects of undesired multimode from the EOM on the squeezing, we experimentally demonstrated the IDS of 85Rb and 87Rb atoms within a single experimental setup, benefiting from the EOM's ability to provide higher frequency shifts. This advancement may expand the scope of applications for hot atomic-vapor-based quantum technologies, leveraging the capabilities of the EOM.
Effect of Low-Carbohydrate vs Low-Fat Diet Intervention on Visceral Fat in a 12-Month Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Follis Shawna , Landry Matthew , Cunanan Kristen , Stefanick Marcia L. , Ward Catherine , Gardner Christopher 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Dietary restriction via a healthy low-fat (HLF) diet or a healthy low-carbohydrate (HLC) diet vary in their effects on adiposity and metabolism. The HLC diet, but not HLF diet, may preferentially reduce visceral adipose tissue (VAT), the major adipose tissue contributing to metabolic deregulation.
In a 12-month weight loss trial, DIETFITS (Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success), we compared VAT loss between HLF and HLC diets by randomizing adults to either diet. VAT was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Linear mixed models analyzed associations between diet and VAT.
Among 449 participants (60% women; mean age 39 years), VAT loss was significantly greater for those eating the HLC diet compared to the HLF diet at 6 months [10.6cm2; 95% confidence interval (CI): 5,16.2] and 12 months (6.3cm2; 95% CI: 0.6,12). Preferential VAT loss was greater in participants eating the HLC diet at 6 months only. Men experienced greater HLC diet-induced VAT loss than women. Insulin secretion status did not modify VAT loss.
HLC diet reduced metabolically harmful VAT, particularly during the first 6 months of diet. Lowering VAT has the potential to reduce risk for cardiometabolic disease. Sex differences should be considered in designing effective dietary interventions.
Effect of Presence of Subsoil Voids on the Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Considering Different Building Structural Systems
Authors: Abdel-Nasser Aya G. , Abdel-Galil Emad Y. , Sallam Ezzaat A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The presence of underground voids beneath reinforced concrete structures causes many problems in settlement under the foundations, which may cause tilting problems and affect the building's stability, especially if these buildings are subjected to seismic loads. In this paper, three-dimensional seismic analyses of RC structures founded on soil containing voids were performed using the finite element method (FEM). Two buildings with the same slab area (20*20) m2 were considered in the analysis. The first building is a six-stories building while the second building is a fifteen-stories building. The buildings were exposed to the ground acceleration for the El-Centro earthquake with a time interval of 0.02 sec. The buildings were rested on clay soil with two different critical locations of weak soil region (underground void) and one analysis on the soil without a void. Several factors that affect the seismic performance of structures, such as void locations, structural systems of the buildings, the effects of infill brick walls, foundation level, and the number of floors were considered. These factors were considered in the analysis to obtain a complete description of the seismic response of the structures constructed on soil with voids to be used in design processes. Based on the results, charts were developed for the seismic response of RC structures built on soil containing voids. These charts could be used in the prediction of the seismic response of structures built on soil with voids.
Preference for Public versus Private Medical Services in Poorer Regions of India?
Authors: Kumar Indrajeet 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study examines preference for public versus private medical services in India’s poorest regions. Qualitative and quantitative insights from a primary survey highlight the substandard quality of public healthcare while private services are unaffordable so unreliable public services drive people to seek expensive private sector’s services. Multivariate analysis shows that the burden of medical expenses and regional disparities in access impact the choice of using public or private services. However, despite the challenges, solutions through conditional cash transfers or health insurance to offset out-of-pocket expenses in private facilities limits relief due to the inadequate medical services in rural and remote areas.
The association between triglyceride glucose index-related indices and depression among adults in the United States: NHANES 2005–2018
Authors: Sun Yunyun , Li Liang , Zhang Jianmin , Wei Kangkang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
It has been established that the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is associated with depression. Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether combining TyG with obesity indices could show a stronger association with depression.
Methods
Based on the 2005–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this large cross-sectional study analyzed a total of 14,821 adults. Four main indices were used in the present study: the TyG index, TyG-WC (with waist circumference), TyG-WHtR (with waist-to-height ratio), and TyG-BMI (with body mass index). Using logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and stratified analysis, we rigorously examined the association between TyG-related indices and symptoms of depression. Diagnostic values were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Finally, sensitivity analyses were performed to determine whether the association was robust and consistent.
Results
A positive association was identified between TyG, TyG-WHtR, TyG-WC, and TyG-BMI and depression. This association is particularly pronounced among women, individuals with higher education levels, and those with hypertension and diabetes. Compared to the other three indices, TyG-WHtR demonstrated the most significant association with depression after adjusting for all covariates (odds ratio (OR):1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.07–1.37). ROC curves indicated that TyG-WHtR had the highest diagnostic efficacy (AUC: 0.601, 95% CI 0.575–0.610). Sensitivity analyses consistently confirmed the robustness and reliability of the association between TyG-related indices and depressive symptoms.
Conclusions
Among American adults, TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR, and TyG-BMI showed a positive and non-linear association with depressive symptoms. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that TyG-WHtR offered superior precision and sensitivity in evaluating this association compared to TyG alone, TyG-WC, and TyG-BMI.
Impact of control interventions on malaria incidence in the general population of Mali
Authors: Cissoko Mady , Sagara Issaka , Guindo Abdoulaye , Dembélé Pascal , Bationo Cedric S. , Dieng Sokhna , Diarra Issa , Katilé Abdoulaye , Traoré Diahara , Dessaye Nadine , Gaudart Jean 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The recent increase in malaria incidence and the reduction of funding for malaria control have highlighted the need to step up efforts in the fight against malaria in Mali. To further refine the malaria control strategy implemented in the country, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of control interventions on malaria incidence in the general population. Malaria and rainfall data were collected for the 75 health districts of Mali for the period from April 2017 to March 2022. The impact of the different control interventions on malaria incidence in the general population was assessed at the health district level using a Generalized Additive Mixed Model adjusted rainfall variability and location. Although coverage rates varied widely between health districts, all interventions showed an improvement in coverage over the study period. The interventions that had the greatest impact on incidence were long-lasting insecticidal net mass distribution (LLIN) and seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), with a reduction rate around 2‰ for a coverage rate between from 30–79% for and 30–80% for SMC. The main interventions were found to be effective for controlling malaria at the district level. But the country remains far from the pre-elimination level the National Malaria Control Program should reinforce by rapid and free access to diagnostic and treatment through community health workers, optimize stratification to tailor interventions to local context, and develop new strategies reducing the malaria reservoir such as mass drug administration and vaccination.
Pim1 induces M1 polarization of peritoneal macrophage and aggravates sepsis by upregulating glycolysis
Authors: shang xue , sun zhirong , Wang Huihui , Liu Yi , yang fan , zhu yun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Peritoneal macrophages play a crucial role in sepsis and the resulting organ damage. However, the precise mechanism through which peritoneal macrophages contribute to sepsis remains incompletely understood. The scRNA-seq and RNA-seq have revealed that the septic environment can enhance glycolysis and promote M1 polarization in peritoneal macrophages. Pim1 is a key player in this process. Inhibiting Pim1 expression effectively mitigates glycolysis in macrophages and reduces M1 polarization. As a transcription factor, C-Myc interacts with Pim1, regulating its protein expression and phosphorylation levels. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments have confirmed that C-Myc binds to the promoter region of crucial glycolytic genes, enhancing gene transcription and glycolysis. Administration of a Pim1 inhibitor in CLP mice can alleviate glycolysis and M1 polarization in peritoneal macrophages, thereby effectively reducing lung injury. We identified that sepsis-induced Pim1 promotes the transcription of glycolytic genes and M1 polarization in macrophages by modulating c-Myc phosphorylation levels, exacerbating sepsis-related lung injury. This study provided novel insights into M1 polarization of peritoneal macrophage during the infection and revealed potential molecular and metabolic targets for the regulation of sepsis.
Mapping environmental exposure and AMR from antimicrobial production, consumption and disposal in Baddi, India
Authors: Panwar Amishi , Uluseker Cansu , Negi Gian Singh , Lambert Helen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
This paper delves into the supply chain of antibiotics in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, highlighting the potential environmental and human health impacts of antimicrobial production, consumption, and disposal. Antibiotic residues in the environment contribute to the escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), posing significant risks to public health and ecological systems. Understanding how antibiotics enter the environment during their lifecycle is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies.
Methods
A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative interviews with stakeholders and community members, and quantitative analysis of sales data. Interviews with manufacturers, healthcare providers, and waste management officials provided insights into practices and perceptions related to antibiotic use and disposal. Sales data of four locally manufactured or packaged antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed to trace their journey through the supply chain and identify potential points of environmental entry for antibiotic residues.
Results
The study identified several critical points in the antibiotic supply chain where residues could enter the environment, including manufacturing discharge, improper disposal practices by consumers, and inadequate waste management systems. The analysis revealed an increase in antibiotic consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbating the potential environmental burden. Key areas requiring oversight and management were highlighted, such as the need for better waste treatment facilities and stricter regulatory controls.
Conclusions
This research emphasizes the urgent need for a coordinated response at both state and national levels to enhance environmental monitoring, improve waste management practices, and strengthen regulatory frameworks in India. Addressing these issues is essential to mitigate the growing threat of AMR and protect both environmental and human health. The findings advocate for comprehensive strategies involving multiple stakeholders to ensure sustainable management of antibiotics throughout their lifecycle.
MRI-based and metabolomics-based age scores act synergetically for mortality prediction shown by multi-cohort federated learning
Authors: Bron Esther , Mateus Pedro , Garst Swier , Yu Jing , Cats Davy , Harms Alexander , Birhanu Mahlet , Beekman Marian , Slagboom Eline , Reinders Marcel , Grond Jeroen van der , Dekker Andre , Jansen Jacobus , Beran Magdalena , Schram Miranda , Visser Pieter Jelle , Moonen Justine , Ghanbari Mohsen , Roshchupkin Gennady , Vojinovic Dina , Bermejo Inigo , Mei Hailiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Biological age scores are an emerging tool to characterize aging by estimating chronological age based on physiological biomarkers. Various scores have shown associations with aging-related outcomes. This study assessed the relation between an age score based on brain MRI images (BrainAge) and an age score based on metabolomic biomarkers (MetaboAge). We trained a federated deep learning model to estimate BrainAge in three cohorts. The federated BrainAge model yielded significantly lower error for age prediction across the cohorts than locally trained models. Harmonizing the age interval between cohorts further improved BrainAge accuracy. Subsequently, we compared BrainAge with MetaboAge using federated association and survival analyses. The results showed a small association
between BrainAge and MetaboAge as well as a higher predictive value for the time to mortality of both scores combined than for the individual scores. Hence, our study suggests that both aging scores capture different aspects of the aging process.
REFOS: Solar Soft X-ray Spectrophotometer on board Nanosatellite
Authors: Reva Anton , Kuzin Sergey , Pertsov Andrey , Kirichenko Alexey , Dyatkov Sergey , Loboda Ivan , Chervinsky Viktor , Kholodilov Anton , Trifonov Alexey , Bogachev Sergey , Chumak Sergei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this work, we describe the design and flight performance of the REFOS instrument (from Russian REntgenovskiy FOto Spektrometr; in English "X-ray Photo Spectrometer"). REFOS is a soft X-ray spectrophotometer that registers full-disk integrated solar spectra (“Sun as a star”). It operates on board the Impulse-1 nanosatellite, which was launched on 24 June 2023. REFOS has a 1.2 – 30 keV spectral range, a 0.123 keV nominal full width at half-maximum (FWHM) resolution at 5.9 keV, and a cadence of 16 s. We illustrate the instrument flight performance using the spectra of the X5.0 flare that occurred on 31 December 2023 at 21:55 UT. For this flare, REFOS registered a meaningful signal in all of its energy bins. During the flare impulsive phase, the instrument clearly distinguishes non-thermal emission. During the flare peak, the spectrum exhibits signatures of the non-Maxwellian electron distribution. The observed continuum allows diagnosing the plasma temperature, and the observed spectral lines allow studying abundances of the Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe, and Ni.
Research on Optimizing Top-k Route Queries Based on Pruning by Moving Distance
Authors: Zou Zhiwen , Wang Fei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In navigation planning, users usually prioritize routes that meet their personal-ized needs, considering factors such as path length, path cost, and coverage of points of interest. Multi-keyword top-k optimal route query (k-ORCSK) is a type of query used to plan such routes. However, as the scale of road networks continues to expand, the number of nodes and edges that need to be processed increases significantly. Additionally, considering different combinations of query keywords leads to increased complexity in the query process as the number of keywords grows. To address these limitations, an optimal query algorithm named the Moving Distance Pruning Algorithm (MDPA) is proposed. The MDPA algorithm initially decomposes the complex road network into multiple parts, reducing memory overhead by storing the path weights within each part. It then employs strategies such as moving distance pruning and global priority to prune candidate paths, optimizing existing algorithms. Experiments on several real road networks demonstrate that the MDPA algorithm can more effectively provide higher quality results and exhibits good scalability. The proposal and optimization of the MDPA algorithm offer an effective approach for handling large-scale road networks and complex query tasks, providing a more reliable and efficient solution for personalized navigation planning.
Relationship of Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tears with Proximal Tibial Morphology and Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Çamur Eren , Duran Semra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between proximal tibial morphology (PTM) and medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRT), and to evaluate the association between medial meniscal extrusion amount (MMEA) and osteoarthritis (OA) in patients with MMPRT.
Material and method: This retrospective study analyzed knee MRIs of 100 patients with MMPRT and 100 age, gender, side paired controls. Medial posterior tibial slope angle (MPTSA), mediolateral length (MLL), medial anteroposteiror width (MAW), lateral anteroposteiror width (LAW), were used to evaluate PTM . MMEA and tear gap (TG) correlation and their relationship with knee OA severity was assessed.
Results: MPTSA was significantly higher in MMPRT group compared to controls (p<0.001). Moderate positive correlation was found between MMEA and OA severity (R2=0.445, p<0.001). Cartilage loss was observed when MMEA exceeded 4 mm (sensitivity: 80.68%; specificity: 83.33%). MMEA increased by 1.10 mm for each 1 mm increase in TG.
Conclusion: This groundbreaking study reveals that steeper medial tibial plateau is a significant risk factor for MMPRT. Strikingly, MMEA exceeding 4 mm serves as a critical threshold for cartilage loss, potentially revolutionizing treatment decisions. These findings not only enhance our understanding of MMPRT pathomechanics but also provide crucial insights for early intervention strategies, potentially altering the course of OA progression in patients with MMPRT.
High-temperature Daqu of different colors from the Zibo region of China: Analysis of microbial community structure, physicochemical characteristics, and enzymatic activities
Authors: Cui Mengjun , Hou Qiangchuan , Wang Yurong , Zhao Xinhe , Xin Chunhui , Xu Ling , Guo Zhuang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this study, PacBio SMRT sequencing technology was employed to analyze the microbial community structure of high-temperature Daqu (HTD) of different colors. Subsequently, the physicochemical characteristics and enzymatic activities of different types of HTD were measured, and the correlation of these factors with microbial communities was analyzed. Compared with White HTD, Black HTD had a significantly higher density, hardness, water content, water activity, etc (P < 0.05). Sequencing analysis revealed that the key bacterial and fungal groups in Black HTD were Kroppenstedtia sanguinis and Thermoascus crustaceus, with an average relative abundance of 42.97% and 67.32%, respectively. Meanwhile, White HTD was dominated by the bacterium Weissella confusa and fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus, which had an average relative abundance of 18.23% and 35.55%, respectively. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that the microbial community structure of White HTD had higher stability. Subsequently, α- and β-diversity analyses revealed significant differences in the bacterial and fungal community structures of Black and White HTD (P < 0.05). Finally, correlation analysis demonstrated that the relationship between microorganisms and physicochemical characteristics and enzymatic activities was stronger in White HTD. These results offer a scientific basis for the standardization of HTD production.