bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influences of forest on MODIS snow cover mapping and snow variations in the Amur River basin in Northeast Asia during 2000–2014
Authors: Wang Xianwei , Zhu Yuan , Chen Yaning , Zheng Hailing , Liu Henan , Huang Huabing , Liu Kai , Liu Lin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe study applies the improved cloud‐free moderate resolution imaging spectral radiometer daily snow cover product (MODMYD_MC) to investigate the snow cover variations from snow hydrologic year (HY) HY2000 to HY2013 in the Amur River basin (ARB), Northeast Asia. The fractions of forest cover were 38%, 63%, and 47% in 2009 in China (the southern ARB), Russia (the northern ARB), and ARB, respectively. Validation results show that MODMYD_MC has a snow agreement of 88% against in situ snow depth (SD) observations (SD ≥ 4 cm). The agreement is about 10% lower at the forested stations than at the nonforested stations. Snow cover durations (SCDs) from MODMYD_MC are 20 days shorter than ground observations (SD ≥ 1 cm) at the forested stations, whereas they are just 8 days shorter than ground observations (SD ≥ 1 cm) at the nonforested stations. Annual mean SCDs from MODMYD_MC in the forested areas are 21 days shorter than those in the nearby farmland in the Sanjiang Plain. This indicates forest has a complex influence on the snow accumulation and melting processes and even on optical satellite snow cover mapping. Meanwhile, SCD and mean snow cover are negatively correlated with air temperature in ARB, especially in the snow melting season, when mean air temperature in March and April can explain 86% and 74% of the mean snow cover variations in China ARB and Russia ARB, respectively. From 1961 to 2015, the annual mean air temperature presented an increased trend by 0.33 °C/decade in both China ARB and Russia ARB, whereas it had a decrease trend from HY2000 to HY2013. The decrease of air temperature led to an increase of snow cover, which is different from the global decrease trend of snow cover variations. SCD and snow cover had larger increase rates in China ARB than in Russia ARB, and they were larger in the forested areas than in the nearby farmland in the Sanjiang Plain.
Integrin-Linked Kinase Regulates Bone Formation by Controlling Cytoskeletal Organization and Modulating BMP and Wnt Signaling in Osteoprogenitors
Authors: Dejaeger Marian , Böhm Anna-Marei , Dirckx Naomi , Devriese Joke , Nefyodova Elena , Cardoen Ruben , St-Arnaud René , Tournoy Jos , Luyten Frank P , Maes Christa 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Cell-matrix interactions constitute a fundamental aspect of skeletal cell biology and play essential roles in bone homeostasis. These interactions are primarily mediated by transmembrane integrin receptors, which mediate cell adhesion and transduce signals from the extracellular matrix to intracellular responses via various downstream effectors, including integrin-linked kinase (ILK). ILK functions as adaptor protein at focal adhesion sites, linking integrins to the actin cytoskeleton, and has been reported to act as a kinase phosphorylating signaling molecules such as GSK-3β and Akt. Thereby, ILK plays important roles in cellular attachment, motility, proliferation and survival. To assess the in vivo role of ILK signaling in osteoprogenitors and the osteoblast lineage cells descending thereof, we generated conditional knockout mice using the Osx-Cre:GFP driver strain. Mice lacking functional ILK in osterix-expressing cells and their derivatives showed no apparent developmental or growth phenotype, but by 5 weeks of age they displayed a significantly reduced trabecular bone mass, which persisted into adulthood in male mice. Histomorphometry and serum analysis indicated no alterations in osteoclast formation and activity, but provided evidence that osteoblast function was impaired, resulting in reduced bone mineralization and increased accumulation of unmineralized osteoid. In vitro analyses further substantiated that absence of ILK in osteogenic cells was associated with compromised collagen matrix production and mineralization. Mechanistically, we found evidence for both impaired cytoskeletal functioning and reduced signal transduction in osteoblasts lacking ILK. Indeed, loss of ILK in primary osteogenic cells impaired F-actin organization, cellular adhesion, spreading, and migration, indicative of defective coupling of cell-matrix interactions to the cytoskeleton. In addition, BMP/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin signaling was reduced in the absence of ILK. Taken together, these data demonstrate the importance of integrin-mediated cell-matrix interactions and ILK signaling in osteoprogenitors in the control of osteoblast functioning during juvenile bone mass acquisition and adult bone remodeling and homeostasis. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Efficacy and safety of gadobutrol‐enhanced MRA of the renal arteries: Results from GRAMS (Gadobutrol‐enhanced renal artery MRA study), a prospective, intraindividual multicenter phase 3 blinded study
Authors: Fabrega‐Foster Kelly E. , Agarwal Sheela , Rastegar Neda , Haverstock Daniel , Agris Jacob M. , Kamel Ihab R. 
Published: June 2017

PurposeTo compare the performance of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with 1M gadobutrol, a high relaxivity macrocyclic contrast agent, to 2D time‐of‐flight MRA (ToF‐MRA) using computed tomographic angiography (CTA) as the standard of reference. Primary objectives were evaluation for superiority of structural delineation and noninferiority for detection and exclusion of clinically significant disease.Materials and MethodsIn all, 315 subjects underwent unenhanced and contrast‐enhanced MRA with 1M gadobutrol (CE‐MRA) and were scanned with 1.5T MRI equipped with an at least 6‐element body coil. Evaluations were based on both centralized blinded read (BR) performed by six readers as well as investigator site interpretations for the 292 subjects who completed the study. Quantitative evaluations including percent stenosis and normal vessel measurements were also performed. Secondary endpoints included identification of accessory renal arteries, diagnosis of fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), diagnostic confidence, and need for additional imaging.ResultsA total of 292 patients suspected of renal artery disease completed the study. CE‐MRA demonstrated statistically significant improvement in assessability of vascular segments compared to ToF: 95.9% vs. 77.6% (P < 0.0001). In the BR, the sensitivity and specificity of CE‐MRA were noninferior to ToF‐MRA (53.4% vs. 46.6% and 95.1% vs. 85.7%, respectively). There was less error in the CE‐MRA stenosis measurements (0.15 mm gadobutrol vs. 0.41 mm ToF, P < 0.05). FMD was correctly diagnosed more frequently, 10% more accessory renal arteries were identified (P < 0.01), diagnostic confidence increased (P < 0.01), and fewer additional imaging studies were recommended (P < 0.01).ConclusionGadobutrol‐enhanced MRA of the renal arteries has superior visualization, more accurate vessel measurements, and may serve as a CTA alternative without any ionizing radiation.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:572–581.
Traceability of Opuntia ficus‐indica L. Miller by ICP‐MS multi‐element profile and chemometric approach
Authors: Mottese Antonio Francesco , Naccari Clara , Vadalà Rossella , Bua Giuseppe Daniel , Bartolomeo Giovanni , Rando Rossana , Cicero Nicola , Dugo Giacomo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDOpuntia ficus‐indica L. Miller fruits, particularly ‘Ficodindia dell'Etna’ of Biancavilla (POD), ‘Fico d'india tradizionale di Roccapalumba’ with protected brand and samples from an experimental field in Pezzolo (Sicily) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in order to determine the multi‐element profile. A multivariate chemometric approach, specifically principal component analysis (PCA), was applied to individuate how mineral elements may represent a marker of geographic origin, which would be useful for traceability.RESULTSPCA has allowed us to verify that the geographical origin of prickly pear fruits is significantly influenced by trace element content, and the results found in Biancavilla PDO samples were linked to the geological composition of this volcanic areas. It was observed that two principal components accounted for 72.03% of the total variance in the data and, in more detail, PC1 explains 45.51% and PC2 26.52%, respectively.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that PCA is an integrated tool for the traceability of food products and, at the same time, a useful method of authentication of typical local fruits such as prickly pear. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Metabolomic analyses to evaluate the effect of drought stress on selected African Eggplant accessions
Authors: Mibei Elias K , Owino Willis O , Ambuko Jane , Giovannoni James J , Onyango Arnold N 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDDrought stress is one of the main abiotic stresses that affect crops. It leads to biochemical changes that can have adverse effects on plant growth, development and productivity. African eggplants are important vegetable and fruit crops reported to adapt and thrive well under drought stress. The diversified metabolites arising due to stress have not been well defined. A gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric metabolomic approach was applied to characterize the effect of drought stress on metabolites at different stages of growth. Nineteen accessions were selected for analysis and drought was imposed by withholding water until soil moisture reached 60% field capacity. Fresh leaf tissues were sampled before stress, 2 and 4 weeks after stress and metabolite profiling done.RESULTSSignificant changes in metabolite content were observed, and potentially important metabolites with respect to stress responses were characterized. Proline, glutamate, sucrose, fructose and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites were shown to be positively correlated with stress. Principal component analysis showed a clear discrimination between the different accessions, growth stages and stress/control conditions.CONCLUSIONThe results illustrate that drought stress has a significant impact on the concentrations of some metabolites, such as amino acids, sugars and organic acids, which may contribute to drought stress effects and tolerance. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Outpatient thyroidectomy is safe in the elderly and super‐elderly
Authors: Grubey Jamie Segel , Raji Yazdan , Duke William S. , Terris David J. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives1) Determine the safety of outpatient thyroidectomy in the geriatric patient population. 2) Analyze the risk of postoperative complications from thyroid surgery in patients aged over 65 years (elderly) and aged over 80 years (super‐elderly) undergoing ambulatory thyroidectomy compared to patients aged 21 through 40 years.Study DesignA retrospective analysis of consecutive patients undergoing thyroidectomy between January 2008 and July 2015 at a tertiary academic institution.MethodPatients were stratified by age, and three subsets within this population were considered and analyzed further: youthful/control (aged 21–40 years), elderly (aged 65–79 years), and super‐elderly (≥ 80 years). Patient demographics, surgical and pathological data, admission status, complication, and readmission rates were recorded.ResultsA total of 1,429 thyroidectomies were accomplished; of these, 1,207 (84.5%) were outpatient operations. Among the outpatients, 85.2% were female, 14.1% were male, and the mean age was 50.3 ± 15.2 years. The control (youthful) group was comprised of 328 patients with a mean age of 33.3 years; the elderly group of 201 patients had a mean age of 70.3 years; and 16 patients in the super‐elderly group had a mean age 82.7 years. The complication rates (5.2%, 5.0%, and 6.3%, respectively; P = 0.98) and re‐admission rates (1.5%, 1.5%, and 0.0%, respectively; P = 0.89) were not different among these groups.ConclusionOutpatient thyroid surgery is as safe in appropriately selected elderly and super‐elderly patients as it is in a control group of youthful patients. Therefore, age should not be a contraindication to conducting thyroidectomy on an ambulatory basis.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:290–294, 2018
Imaging of labyrinthine fistula after repair with bone pate
Authors: Vrabec Jeffrey T. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives/HypothesisTo demonstrate imaging of labyrinthine fistula due to cholesteatoma and illustrate outcome following repair with bone pate.Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsPatients with labyrinthine fistula due to cholesteatoma were identified, and pre‐ and postoperative imaging was assessed. Method of repair was recorded. The fistula site was examined for patency and bone density after repair.ResultsTwenty‐nine fistulae were seen in a cohort of 375 cholesteatoma cases (8%). Preoperative computed tomography (CT) imaging for fistula detection showed sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 90%. The lateral semicircular canal was the most common site of dehiscence occurring in all cases. Facial nerve dehiscence is observed in 91% of fistula cases and stapes erosion in 69%. Severe hearing loss was present preoperatively in four (14%) cases. Bone pate was used to repair the fistula with CT‐documented restoration of the otic capsule in 11/13 cases with postoperative imaging. When bone pate was not used, the otic capsule defect persisted.ConclusionsSpontaneous repair of the otic capsule following treatment of cholesteatoma is expected to be an uncommon occurrence. Repair of the fistula with bone can result in long‐lasting restoration of the otic capsule.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:1643–1648, 2018
In vivo measurement of vocal fold surface resistance
Authors: Mizuta Masanobu , Kurita Takashi , Dillon Neal P. , Kimball Emily E. , Garrett C. Gaelyn , Sivasankar M. Preeti , Webster Robert J. , Rousseau Bernard 
Published: June 2017

Objectives/HypothesisA custom‐designed probe was developed to measure vocal fold surface resistance in vivo. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate proof of concept of using vocal fold surface resistance as a proxy of functional tissue integrity after acute phonotrauma using an animal model.Study DesignProspective animal study.MethodsNew Zealand White breeder rabbits received 120 minutes of airflow without vocal fold approximation (control) or 120 minutes of raised intensity phonation (experimental). The probe was inserted via laryngoscope and placed on the left vocal fold under endoscopic visualization. Vocal fold surface resistance of the middle one‐third of the vocal fold was measured after 0 (baseline), 60, and 120 minutes of phonation. After the phonation procedure, the larynx was harvested and prepared for transmission electron microscopy.ResultsIn the control group, vocal fold surface resistance values remained stable across time points. In the experimental group, surface resistance (X% ± Y% relative to baseline) was significantly decreased after 120 minutes of raised intensity phonation. This was associated with structural changes using transmission electron microscopy, which revealed damage to the vocal fold epithelium after phonotrauma, including disruption of the epithelium and basement membrane, dilated paracellular spaces, and alterations to epithelial microprojections. In contrast, control vocal fold specimens showed well‐preserved stratified squamous epithelia.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate the feasibility of measuring vocal fold surface resistance in vivo as a means of evaluating functional vocal fold epithelial barrier integrity. Device prototypes are in development for additional testing, validation, and for clinical applications in laryngology.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 127:E364–E370, 2017
Simultaneous spin‐echo and gradient‐echo BOLD measurements by dynamic MRS
Authors: Cao Peng , Hyder Fahmeed , Zhou Iris Y. , Zhang Jevin W. , Xie Victor B. , Tsang Adrian , Wu Ed X. 
Published: June 2017

This study aimed to dissociate the intravascular and extravascular contributions to spin‐echo (SE) and gradient‐echo (GE) blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) signals at 7 T, using dynamic diffusion‐weighted MRS. We simultaneously acquired SE and GE data using a point‐resolved spectroscopy sequence with diffusion weightings of 0, 600, and 1200 s/mm2. The BOLD signals were quantified by fitting the free induction decays starting from the SE center to a mono‐exponential decay function. Without diffusion weighting, BOLD signals measured with SE and GE increased by 1.6 ± 0.5% (TESE = 40 ms) and 5.2 ± 1.4% (nominal TEGE = 40 ms) during stimulation, respectively. With diffusion weighting, the BOLD increase during stimulation measured with SE decreased from 1.6 ± 0.5% to 1.3 ± 0.4% (P < 0.001), whereas that measured by GE was unaffected (P > 0.05); the post‐stimulation undershoots in the BOLD signal time courses were largely preserved in both SE and GE measurements. These results demonstrated the feasiblity of simultaneous SE and GE measurements of BOLD signals with and without interleaved diffusion weighting. The results also indicated a predominant extravascular contribution to the BOLD signal time courses, including post‐stimulation undershoots in both SE and GE measurements at 7 T.
Effect of substrate on the risk of being washed away by floods for the Groundhoppers Tetrix subulata and Tetrix tenuicornis (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae)
Authors: Musiolek D. , Kočárek P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInundation zones of rivers are risky environments for terrestrial animals because of the regular or irregular occurrence of floods. Although animals in these zones have evolved several strategies to survive floods, behavioural anti‐flooding strategies have seldom been studied but could play an important role in their life history strategies. We previously reported that the groundhopper Tetrix tenuicornis moves to dense vegetation in response to low atmospheric pressure (which may signal rain and flooding) but prefers mossy microhabitats and bare ground under high atmospheric pressure. In the current study, we found that the ability of the semi‐aquatic groundhoppers T. tenuicornis and Tetrix subulata to withstand direct water flow was greater in patches of dense vegetation than in patches of moss or on bare ground. Even a relatively low water velocity led to water transport (presumably passive) of both species, perhaps because they lack arolia or other adhesive devices on their tarsi. This morphological limitation precludes vertical migration on vegetation, which is a common anti‐flooding strategy in insects. Our results suggest that, by moving to dense vegetation in response to drops in atmospheric pressure, groundhoppers may reduce their risk of being washed away by floods.
Rhodamine B as a long‐term semi‐quantitative bait marker for wild boar
Authors: Baruzzi Carolina , Coats Julia , Callaby Rebecca , Cowan Dave P. , Massei Giovanna 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTWild boar and feral pigs (Sus scrofa) are increasing worldwide and baiting campaigns to deliver vaccines and toxicants are often undertaken to control their populations or the diseases they transmit. In these campaigns, it is important to assess bait uptake by the target species. We investigated the use of the systemic marker Rhodamine B (RB) to detect multiple episodes of bait uptake by wild boar. Rhodamine B is widely used in wildlife studies as a bait marker incorporated in hair, but it is still poorly studied in suids. We analyzed the detection of RB bands in different hair types of wild boar fed multiple RB‐treated baits at different intervals in summer and fall. We calculated the minimum number of hairs and whiskers required to detect RB bands. Captive wild boar consumed RB‐treated baits (ranging in dose from 1.3 mg/kg to 17.0 mg/kg of wild boar body mass) in summer and autumn. The time between consecutive episodes of RB‐treated bait ingestion was 4 days, 9 days, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks. We collected hairs and whiskers 7, 18, 25, 39, 49, 94, 103, 110, and 124 days after feeding boar with RB‐treated baits. Feeding wild boar RB‐treated baits 4 and 9 days apart did not produce separate RB bands. Two to 3 weeks were sufficient for separate RB bands to appear in 17.8% of hairs and 27.0% of whiskers. The minimum number of hairs to detect RB bands was 3 for shoulder hairs and 2 for whiskers, mane, and flank hairs. Mane hairs had the fastest growth rate, and there was no difference among the growth rate of other hairs and whiskers. We suggest that a minimum of 2 mane hairs and 2 whiskers should be sampled to be 95% confident that RB bands can be detected in wild boar that have consumed RB‐treated baits. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Diagnostic validity of ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorders and DSM-5 brief psychotic disorder
Authors: Castagnini A.C. , Fusar-Poli P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:Short-lived psychotic disorders are currently classified under “acute and transient psychotic disorders” (ATPDs) in ICD-10, and “brief psychotic disorder” (BPD) in DSM-5. This study's aim is to review the literature and address the validity of ATPDs and BPD.Method:Papers published between January 1993 and December 2016 were identified through searches in Web of Science. Reference lists in the located papers provided further sources.Results:A total of 295 articles were found and 100 were included in the review. There were only a few studies about the epidemiology, vulnerability factors, neurobiological correlates and treatment of these disorders, particularly little interest seems to exist in BPD. The available evidence suggests that short-lived psychotic disorders are rare conditions and more often affect women in early to middle adulthood. They also are neither associated with premorbid dysfunctions nor characteristic family predisposition, while there seems to be greater evidence of environmental factors particularly in developing countries and migrant populations. Follow-up studies report a favourable clinical and functional outcome, but case identification has proved difficult owing to high rates of transition mainly either to schizophrenia and related disorders or, to a lesser extent, affective disorders over the short- and longer-terms.Conclusions:Although the lack of neurobiological findings and little predictive power argue against the validity of the above diagnostic categories, it is important that they are kept apart from longer-lasting psychotic disorders both for clinical practice and research. Close overlap between ATPDs and BPD could enhance the understanding of these conditions.
The culture of clothing: On the history of the Fashion Image Collection – Lipperheide Costume Library in Berlin
Authors: Rasche Adelheid 
Published: June 2017

In the last third of the 19th century, Berlin was the undisputed capital of the German clothing and fashion industry on an international scale. Several publishing houses specialized in the production of fashion magazines for different target groups. One of the success stories in this context is that of the publisher Franz Lipperheide and his wife Frieda. In 1865, they founded their own company, publishing the journal Die Modenwelt: Illustrirte Zeitung für Toilette und Handarbeiten. This journal quickly became the most-read fashion journal in Berlin. By the company's 25th anniversary in 1890, a total of 12 international editions of the journal was published with around 500,000 subscribers. The economic success of their company allowed the Lipperheides to create extensive private collections that reflected their deep interest in cultural-historical topics as well as textile art.This paper focuses on their collection of source material for costume studies, which is now known as the ‘Sammlung Modebild—Lipperheidesche Kostümbibliothek’ (Fashion Image Collection—Lipperheide Costume Library), a department of the Kunstbibliothek at the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin. The paper presents its history, some collection highlights and the various means of access (catalogues, exhibition catalogues and online access).