bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive analysis of cosmic evolution in

f
(
Q
,
T
)

theory
Authors: Sharif M , Gul M Zeeshan , Shabbir Shamraiza 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the bouncing cosmology in

f
(
Q
,
T
)

theory, where

Q

represents non-metricity and

T

denotes the trace of energy-momentum tensor. The aim of this research is to study the phenomenon of a cosmic bounce, where contraction, bounce point and expansion occur at t < 0, t = 0 and t > 0, respectively. In this perspective, we consider Bianchi Type-I spacetime with perfect matter configuration to study the mysterious universe. Further, we analyze the behavior of cosmological parameters such as scale factor, Hubble parameter, deceleration parameter and equation of state parameter using three distinct functional forms of

f
(
Q
,
T
)

theory. A comprehensive examination of energy conditions is analyzed to study the matter bounce in this modified framework. Our findings indicate that the acceleration takes place in the vicinity of the bouncing point and ensures the presence of a nonsingular bounce in this theory.
A virtual anti-scatter grid for multi-energy photon counting detector systems
Authors: Purisha Zenith , Winkler Alexander , Emzir Muhammad , Hostettler Roland , Luukka Panja , Särkkä Simo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Photon-counting (PC) systems are the next technological generation of medical computed tomography (CT) imaging and is being worked on by all major system providers. CT devices that are based on PC detectors enable multi-energy data collection. The information-content of this data can be used to obtain more detailed patient data, which improves the quality of reconstructions, compared to conventional detector systems. However, PC CT systems are subject to radiation scatter as just as any other imaging systems is. Conventionally anti-scatter grids (ASG) are used to reduce the scatter effect. These are however an imperfect solution, especially for PC detectors. In this work, a software-based scatter correction method, thus a virtual ASG is proposed. The method is tailoring a new statistical model in the measurement space and combining it with the statistical inversion method called Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The method can recover the measurement data from dense projections. We present the method on simulated data of a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) problem for which only under-sampled data is available. However, our approach can in principle be generalised to CT, PC-CT, Positron emission tomography (PET), radiotherapy, or even digital radiography problems. The results show that the proposed model performs similarly as physical ASGs and for cases where ASGs are not possible. The model further offers a significant improvement in the quality of the reconstruction image compared to the image reconstruction from original under-sampled data.
Remote implementation of hidden or partially unknown quantum operators using optimal resources: a generalized view
Authors: Kumar Satish , Gangwar Kuldeep , Pathak Anirban 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Two protocols are proposed for two closely linked but different variants of remote implementation of quantum operators of specific forms The first protocol is designed for the remote implementation of the single qubit hidden quantum operator, whereas the second one is designed for the remote implementation of the partially unknown single qubit quantum operator. In both cases two-qubit maximally entangled state, which is entangled in the spatial degree of freedom is used. The quantum resources used here are optimal and easy to realize and maintain in comparison to the multi-partite or multi-mode entangled states used in earlier works. The impact of photon loss due to interaction with the environment is analyzed for both the schemes. The proposed protocols are also generalized to their controlled, bidirectional, cyclic, controlled cyclic, and controlled bidirectional versions and it is shown that either Bell state alone or products of Bell states will be sufficient to perform these tasks with some additional classical communications in the controlled cases only. This is in sharp contrast to the earlier proposals that require large entangled states. In addition, it’s noted that remote implementation of hidden or partially unknown operators involving multiple controllers and/or multiple players who jointly apply the desired operator(s) would require quantum channels more complex than the Bell states and their products. Explicit forms of such quantum channels are also provided.
Janus monolayers Fe2SSeX2 (X = Ga, In, and Tl): Robust nontrivial topology with high Chern number
Authors: Jia 贾 Kang 康 , Dong 董 Xiao-Jing 晓晶 , Wang 王 Pei-Ji 培吉 , Zhang 张 Chang-Wen 昌文 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
High-performance quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) systems are crucial materials for exploring emerging quantum physics and magnetic topological phenomena. Inspired by layered FeSe materials with excellent superconducting properties, the Janus monolayers Fe2SSeX
2 (X = Ga, In and Tl) are built by the decoration of Ga, In and Tl atoms in monolayer Fe2SSe. In first-principles calculations, Fe2SSeX
2 have stable structures and prefer ferromagnetic (FM) ordering, and can be considered as Weyl semimetals without spin–orbit coupling. For out-of-plane (OOP) magnetic anisotropy, large nontrivial gaps are opened and the Fe2SSeX
2 are predicted to be large-gap QAH insulators with a high Chern number C = 2, proved by two chiral edge states and Berry curvature. When the magnetization is flipped, the two chiral edge states can be simultaneously changed and C = −2 can be obtained, revealing the fascinating behavior of chiral spin–edge state locking. It is found that the QAH properties of Fe2SSeX
2 are robust against strain. In particular, nontrivial topological quantum states can spontaneously appear for Fe2SSeGa2 and Fe2SSeIn2 because the orientations of the easy magnetic axis are adjusted from in-plane to OOP by the biaxial strain. Our studies provide excellent candidate systems to realize QAH properties with a high Chern number, and suggest more experimental explorations combining superconductivity and topology.
Automatic architecture design for distributed quantum computing
Authors: Luo 骆 Ting-Yu 挺宇 , Zheng 郑 Yu-Zhen 宇真 , Fu 付 Xiang 祥 , Deng 邓 Yu-Xin 玉欣 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In distributed quantum computing (DQC), quantum hardware design mainly focuses on providing as many as possible high-quality inter-chip connections. Meanwhile, quantum software tries its best to reduce the required number of remote quantum gates between chips. However, this “hardware first, software follows” methodology may not fully exploit the potential of DQC. Inspired by classical software–hardware co-design, this paper explores the design space of application-specific DQC architectures. More specifically, we propose AutoArch, an automated quantum chip network (QCN) structure design tool. With qubits grouping followed by a customized QCN design, AutoArch can generate a near-optimal DQC architecture suitable for target quantum algorithms. Experimental results show that the DQC architecture generated by AutoArch can outperform other general QCN architectures when executing target quantum algorithms.
EEG electrodes and where to find them: automated localization from 3D scans
Authors: Tveter Mats , Tveitstøl Thomas , Nygaard Tønnes , Pérez T Ana S , Kulashekhar Shrikanth , Bruña Ricardo , Hammer Hugo L , Hatlestad-Hall Christoffer , Hebold Haraldsen Ira R J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective. The accurate localization of electroencephalography (EEG) electrode positions is crucial for accurate source localization. Recent advancements have proposed alternatives to labor-intensive, manual methods for spatial localization of the electrodes, employing technologies such as 3D scanning and laser scanning. These novel approaches often integrate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as part of the pipeline in localizing the electrodes. The limited global availability of MRI data restricts its use as a standard modality in several clinical scenarios. This limitation restricts the use of these advanced methods. Approach. In this paper, we present a novel, versatile approach that utilizes 3D scans to localize EEG electrode positions with high accuracy. Importantly, while our method can be integrated with MRI data if available, it is specifically designed to be highly effective even in the absence of MRI, thus expanding the potential for advanced EEG analysis in various resource-limited settings. Our solution implements a two-tiered approach involving landmark/fiducials localization and electrode localization, creating an end-to-end framework. Main results. The efficacy and robustness of our approach have been validated on an extensive dataset containing over 400 3D scans from 278 subjects. The framework identifies pre-auricular points and achieves correct electrode positioning accuracy in the range of 85.7% to 91.0%. Additionally, our framework includes a validation tool that permits manual adjustments and visual validation if required. Significance. This study represents, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the first validation of such a method on a substantial dataset, thus ensuring the robustness and generalizability of our innovative approach. Our findings focus on developing a solution that facilitates source localization, without the need for MRI, contributing to the critical discussion on balancing cost effectiveness with methodological accuracy to promote wider adoption in both research and clinical settings.
Self-consistent modelling of radio frequency sheath in 3D with realistic ICRF antennas
Authors: Lu L.F. , Colas L. , Cao L. , Urbanczyk G. , Lu B. , Shen Y.Q. , Zhang X.J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ion cyclotron resonant frequency (ICRF) induced impurity production has raised many concerns since ITER proposed to change the first wall material from beryllium to tungsten. Enhanced DC plasma potential (V
DC) due to radio frequency (RF) sheath rectification is well known as one of the most important mechanisms behind the RF induced impurities. Our previous work (Lu et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
60 035003) considered the impact of both the slow wave and the fast wave on the RF sheath rectification in a 2D geometry. It can barely recover the double-hump structure of the V
DC poloidal distribution observed in various machines when only the slow wave is modelled using the multi-2D approach which intrinsically assumes the poloidal wavenumber kz
is zero. The fast wave on the other hand is found to be more sensitive to a finite kz
and may need to be tackled in 3D. This work reports our recent progress on the 3D RF sheath modelling. In this new code, the latest RF sheath boundary conditions (Myra 2021 J. Plasma Phys. 87 905870504) and the realistic 3D ICRF antennas are implemented. Compared to the 2D results, the 3D code could well recover the double-hump poloidal distribution of V
DC even with the fast wave included, which confirms our speculation on the necessity of treating the fast wave in 3D. While the double-hump pattern is robust in the simulation, the amplitude of V
DC is found to be affected by the magnetic tilt angle and the antenna geometry. This emphasizes the importance of adopting a realistic antenna geometry in the RF sheath modelling. The double-hump V
DC poloidal structure breaks as the magnetic tilt angle increases. This is explained by the gyrotropic property of the cold plasma dielectric tensor. The spatial proximity effect we identified in the previous 2D simulations is still valid in 3D. Finally, simulation shows the slow wave dominates the RF sheath excitation in the private scrape-off layer (SOL), while the fast wave gradually takes over when moving to the far SOL region. This code could be a new tool to provide numerical support for ITER impurity assessment and ICRF antenna design.
Transport and losses of energetic particles in tokamaks in the presence of Alfvén activity using the new full orbit TAPaS code coupled to FAR3d
Authors: Betar H. , Zarzoso D. , Varela J. , Del-Castillo-Negrete D. , Garcia L. , Du X. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Recent developments and tools integrated into the TAPaS code are presented, enabling realistic scenario simulations of particle dynamics within experimental tokamak magnetic equilibria. In particular, the enhanced capabilities of TAPaS enable seamless coupling with external simulations, provided the metric and equilibrium magnetic field of the external code are known. Coupling TAPaS with the gyro-fluid code FAR3d, the transport and losses of energetic particles in the presence Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) in DIII-D plasma discharge

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159243

were investigated. Detailed analyses of prompt losses with and without collisions were performed. Then, further analysis was performed in the presence of electromagnetic perturbations resulting from AEs activity. The results indicate that, for the energies and the initial conditions considered here, the presence of AEs enhances the particle losses.
Early engagement will be necessary for atmospheric methane removal field trials
Authors: Scott-Buechler Celina , Jinnah Sikina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Atmospheric methane removal (AMR) refers to a suite of emerging technologies and practices that destroy atmospheric methane. There is growing interest in AMR field trials to better understand the risks and benefits of various approaches. Building on rights-based rationales from international law and core principles of environmental justice, we argue that AMR field trials should not proceed before meaningful public engagement occurs. We also draw preliminary lessons from ocean fertilization and solar radiation management cases to highlight the significance of involving members of the public in conversation about climate intervention technologies in early stages of the research and development process. While we emphasize that engagement is not a checkbox for gaining social license, these cases illustrate how neglecting public engagement can be unnecessarily detrimental to proposed research. We further point to an enhanced weathering experiment to highlight how early engagement can foster ethical processes and outcomes, which enhance alignment of research with societal values. While empirical evidence does not yet support the argument that engagement always results in the outcomes researchers desire, it does always result in justice enhancing outcomes and should therefore be pursued regardless. We advocate for diverse engagement approaches based on the nature of the technology, with a focus on collaboration with impacted communities, the public, and international interdisciplinary researchers. To ensure responsible research practices, the article calls for the development of comprehensive governance frameworks and ethical guidelines for field trials.
Understanding tropical cyclone persistence over land: a case study of cyclone Gulab
Authors: Navale Ashish , Karthikeyan L 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Tropical cyclone (TC) Gulab originated in the Bay of Bengal during the post-monsoon season of 2021. Following an unusual westward trajectory, TC Gulab made landfall on the east coast of India, traversed central India, and reintensified over the Arabian Sea into TC Shaheen. This study employed an online Eulerian water vapor tracer (WVT) tool embedded within the Weather Research and Forecasting model to investigate the role of land in terms of soil moisture (SM) and land use land cover (LULC) in persistence of TC Gulab over central India. We quantified the contributions of sub-regions and dominant LULC types within the Indian subcontinent to the precipitation associated with TC Gulab. Our findings indicate that evapotranspiration across the entire Indian subcontinent contributed approximately 30% to the post-landfall precipitation associated with TC Gulab. The highest contribution originated from the northwestern region, followed by the northeast. Croplands, the dominant LULC type, were the primary contributors, followed by forests. Despite changing the dominant land cover from cropland to forest, the low-pressure system persisted over land while altering the spatial patterns of precipitation. Sensitivity experiments demonstrated a linear decrease in precipitation originating from land with decreasing SM. Notably, there is a disproportionate decline in total precipitation with decreasing SM. Further analysis separating atmospheric vapor sources into land and ocean contributions using WVT revealed a compensatory mechanism. The contribution of oceanic vapor to atmospheric vapor over land increased when SM decreased due to increase in the latent heat over ocean. However, the total atmospheric vapor remained low, ultimately leading to a lower total precipitation. Although SM plays a role, our results highlight the importance of oceanic and atmospheric processes in determining TC persistence over land. This study offers valuable insights into the dynamics of land–atmosphere interactions during low-pressure systems of TCs.
Metrics and geodesics on fuzzy spaces
Authors: Viennot David 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study the fuzzy spaces (as special examples of noncommutative manifolds) with their quasicoherent states in order to find their pertinent metrics. We show that they are naturally endowed with two natural ‘quantum metrics’ which are associated with quantum fluctuations of ‘paths’. The first one provides the length the mean path whereas the second one provides the average length of the fluctuated paths. Onto the classical manifold associated with the quasicoherent state (manifold of the mean values of the coordinate observables in the state minimising their quantum uncertainties) these two metrics provides two minimising geodesic equations. Moreover, fuzzy spaces being not torsion free, we have also two different autoparallel geodesic equations associated with two different adiabatic regimes in the move of a probe onto the fuzzy space. We apply these mathematical results to quantum gravity in BFSS matrix models, and to the quantum information theory of a controlled qubit submitted to noises of a large quantum environment.
Consistency and causality of interconnected nonsignaling resources
Authors: Bierhorst Peter 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper examines networks of n measuring parties sharing m nonsignaling resources that can be locally wired together: that is, each party follows a scheme to measure the resources in a cascaded fashion with inputs to later resources possibly depending on outputs of earlier-measured ones. A specific framework is provided for studying probability distributions arising in such networks, and this framework is used to directly prove some accepted, but often only implicitly invoked, facts: there is a uniquely determined and well-defined joint probability distribution for the outputs of all resources shared by the parties, and this joint distribution is nonsignaling. It is furthermore shown that is often sufficient to restrict consideration to only extremal nonsignaling resources when considering features and properties of such networks. Finally, the framework illustrates how the physical theory of nonsignaling boxes and local wirings is causal, supporting the applicability of the inflation technique to constrain such models. For an application, we probe the example of

(
3
,
2
,
2
)

inequalities that witness genuine three-party nonlocality according to the local-operations-shared-randomness definition, and show how all other examples can be derived from that of Mao et al (2022 Phys. Rev. Lett.
129 150401).
Discrete Laplacian thermostat for flocks and swarms: the fully conserved Inertial Spin Model
Authors: Cavagna Andrea , Cristín Javier , Giardina Irene , Grigera Tomás S , Veca Mario 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Experiments on bird flocks and midge swarms reveal that these natural systems are well described by an active theory in which conservation laws play a crucial role. By building a symplectic structure that couples the particles’ velocities to the generator of their internal rotations (spin), the Inertial Spin Model (ISM) reinstates a second-order temporal dynamics that captures many phenomenological traits of flocks and swarms. The reversible structure of the ISM predicts that the total spin is a constant of motion, the central conservation law responsible for all the novel dynamical features of the model. However, fluctuations and dissipation introduced in the original model to make it relax, violate the spin conservation law, so that the ISM aligns with the biophysical phenomenology only within finite-size regimes, beyond which the overdamped dynamics characteristic of the Vicsek model takes over. Here, we introduce a novel version of the ISM, in which the irreversible terms needed to relax the dynamics strictly respect the conservation of the spin. We perform a numerical investigation of the fully conservative model, exploring both the fixed-network case, which belongs to the equilibrium class of Model G, and the active case, characterized by self-propulsion of the agents and an out-of-equilibrium reshuffling of the underlying interaction network. Our simulations not only capture the correct spin wave phenomenology of the ordered phase, but they also yield dynamical critical exponents in the near-ordering phase that agree very well with the theoretical predictions.
Lattice random walk dynamics with stochastic resetting in heterogeneous space
Authors: Barbini Alessandro , Giuggioli Luca 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We examine the diffusive dynamics of a lattice random walk subject to resetting in a one-dimensional spatially heterogeneous environment composed of two media separated by an interface. At random times the walker may reset its position to the interface, but only when in the left medium. In addition the spatial heterogeneity results from having unequal diffusivities and biases in the two media. We construct the Master equation for the dynamics of the walker occupation probability in unbounded space, solve it exactly in terms of generating functions, and analyse the dynamics of the first and second moment. Making use of the closed form solution in the unbounded case, we build the analytic solution of the Master equation in finite and semi-infinite domains. By bounding the space on the right with a reflecting boundary we study the first-passage dynamics to a single fully absorbing target placed in the left medium away from the interface. As reset strongly increases the time to reach the target, we find that the first-passage dynamics enter the motion-limited regime even for relative small resetting probability. We also identify a surprising non-monotonic dependence of the first-passage probability mode as a function of the bias. By deriving an analytic expression for the mean first-passage time, we show when its value is independent of the diffusivity and bias in the left medium, uncovering another example of the so-called mean disorder indifference phenomenon.