bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Preexisting Mental Health Disorders on the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Survival among Lung Cancer Patients in the U.S. Military Health System
Authors: Lin Jie , McGlynn Katherine A. , Carter Corey A. , Nations Joel A. , Anderson William F. , Shriver Craig D. , Zhu Kangmin 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Background: Higher cancer-related mortality has been observed among people with mental health disorders than in the general population. Both delay in diagnosis and inadequate treatment due to health care access have been found to explain the higher mortality. The U.S. Military Health System (MHS), in which all beneficiaries have equal access to health care, provides an ideal system to study this disparity where there are no or minimal barriers to health care access. This study assessed preexisting mental health disorders and stage at diagnosis, receipt of cancer treatment, and overall survival among patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the U.S. MHS.
Methods: The study used data from the linked database from the Department of Defense's Central Cancer Registry and the MHS Data Repository (MDR). The study subjects included 5,054 patients with histologically confirmed primary NSCLC diagnosed between 1998 and 2007.
Results: Patients with a preexisting mental disorder did not present with more advanced disease at diagnosis than those without. There were no significant differences in receiving cancer treatments between the two groups. However, patients with a mental health disorder had a higher mortality than those without [adjusted HR, 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–1.20].
Conclusions: Poor survival in NSCLC in patients with a preexisting mental health disorder is not necessarily associated with delay in diagnosis and/or inadequate cancer treatment.
Impact: This study contributes to the current understanding that health care access may not be sufficient to explain the poor survival among patients with NSCLC with preexisting mental health disorders. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(12); 1564–71. ©2016 AACR.
Heparanase Promotes Glioma Progression and Is Inversely Correlated with Patient Survival
Authors: Kundu Soumi , Xiong Anqi , Spyrou Argyris , Wicher Grzegorz , Marinescu Voichita D. , Edqvist Per-Henrik D. , Zhang Lei , Essand Magnus , Dimberg Anna , Smits Anja , Ilan Neta , Vlodavsky Israel , Li Jin-Ping , Forsberg-Nilsson Karin 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Malignant glioma continues to be fatal, despite improved insight into its underlying molecular mechanisms. The most malignant form, glioblastoma (GBM), is characterized by aberrant activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) and infiltrative growth. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG), integral components of the extracellular matrix of brain tumors, can regulate activation of many RTK pathways. This prompted us to investigate heparanase (HPSE), which cleaves HSPGs, for its role in glioma. This hypothesis was evaluated using tissue microarrays, GBM cells derived from patients, murine in vitro and in vivo models of glioma, and public databases. Downregulation of HPSE attenuated glioma cell proliferation, whereas addition of HPSE stimulated growth and activated ERK and AKT signaling. Using HPSE transgenic and knockout mice, it was demonstrated that tumor development in vivo was positively correlated to HPSE levels in the brain. HPSE also modified the tumor microenvironment, influencing reactive astrocytes, microglia/monocytes, and tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, inhibition of HPSE reduces tumor cell numbers, both in vitro and in vivo. HPSE was highly expressed in human glioma and GBM cell lines, compared with normal brain tissue. Indeed, a correlation was observed between high levels of HPSE and shorter survival of patients with high-grade glioma. In conclusion, these data provide proof-of-concept for anti-HPSE treatment of malignant glioma, as well as novel insights for the development of HPSE as a therapeutic target.
Implications: This study aims to target both the malignant brain tumor cells per se and their microenvironment by changing the level of an enzyme, HPSE, that breaks down modified sugar chains on cell surfaces and in the extracellular space. Mol Cancer Res; 14(12); 1243–53. ©2016 AACR.
Clinical Aspects of Type 3 Long-QT Syndrome
Authors: Wilde Arthur A.M. , Moss Arthur J. , Kaufman Elizabeth S. , Shimizu Wataru , Peterson Derick R. , Benhorin Jesaia , Lopes Coeli , Towbin Jeffrey A. , Spazzolini Carla , Crotti Lia , Zareba Wojciech , Goldenberg Ilan , Kanters Jørgen K. , Robinson Jennifer L. , Qi Ming , Hofman Nynke , Tester David J. , Bezzina Connie R. , Alders Marielle , Aiba Takeshi , Kamakura Shiro , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Andrews Mark L. , McNitt Scott , Polonsky Bronislava , Schwartz Peter J. , Ackerman Michael J. 
Published: August 2016

Background:
Risk stratification in patients with type 3 long-QT syndrome (LQT3) by clinical and genetic characteristics and effectiveness of β-blocker therapy has not been studied previously in a large LQT3 population.

Methods:
The study population included 406 LQT3 patients with 51 sodium channel mutations; 391 patients were known to be event free during the first year of life and were the focus of our study. Clinical, electrocardiographic, and genetic parameters were acquired for patients from 7 participating LQT3 registries. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent contribution of clinical, genetic, and therapeutic factors to the first occurrence of time-dependent cardiac events (CEs) from age 1 to 41 years.

Results:

Of the 391 patients, 118 (41 males, 77 females) patients (30%) experienced at least 1 CE (syncope, aborted cardiac arrest, or long-QT syndrome–related sudden death), and 24 (20%) suffered from LQT3-related aborted cardiac arrest/sudden death. The risk of a first CE was directly related to the degree of QTc prolongation. Cox regression analysis revealed that time-dependent β-blocker therapy was associated with an 83% reduction in CEs in females (
P
=0.015) but not in males (who had many fewer events), with a significant sex × β-blocker interaction (
P
=0.04). Each 10-ms increase in QTc duration up to 500 ms was associated with a 19% increase in CEs. Prior syncope doubled the risk for life-threatening events (
P
<0.02).

Conclusions:
Prolonged QTc and syncope predispose patients with LQT3 to life-threatening CEs. However, β-blocker therapy reduces this risk in females; efficacy in males could not be determined conclusively because of the low number of events.
A mixed-methods longitudinal evaluation of a one-day mental health wellness intervention
Authors: Doyle Louise , de Vries Jan , Higgins Agnes , Keogh Brian , McBennett Padraig , O’Shea Marié T 
Published: August 2016

Objectives: This study evaluated the impact of a one-day mental health Wellness Workshop on participants’ mental health and attitudes towards mental health. Design: Convergent, longitudinal mixed-methods approach. Setting: The study evaluated Wellness Workshops which took place throughout the Republic of Ireland. Method: Questionnaires measuring hope, mental health self-efficacy, attitudes towards mental health and perceived impact on wellbeing were administered to participants before the workshop ( n = 415), 1 week after ( n = 221) and 3 months after ( n = 110). Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 24 participants to generate a more in-depth understanding of the impact of the workshop. Results: Quantitative findings relating to hope, mental health self-efficacy and attitudes towards mental health did not identify statistically significant changes; however, participants’ perceptions of the effect of the workshop on wellbeing suggested a positive impact which was maintained over time. Qualitative findings, however, suggested that hope and self-efficacy were improved and the simplicity and utility of the wellness strategies disseminated in the workshop, in addition to the warmth and openness of the narrative approach used by the facilitators, were central to the perceived positive impact. Conclusion: This evaluation demonstrates the potential for wellness interventions to have a subjective improvement in wellbeing in members of the general public.
Development and validation of the Vellore Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale to assess functioning in people with mental illness
Authors: Samuel Reema , Russell Paul SS , Paraseth Tapan Kumar , Ernest Sharmila , Jacob KS 
Published: August 2016

Background: Available occupational therapy assessment scales focus on specific areas of functioning. There is a need for comprehensive evaluation of diverse aspects of functioning in people with mental illness. Aim: To develop a comprehensive assessment scale to evaluate diverse aspects of functioning among people with mental illness and to assess its validity and reliability. Methods: Available instruments, which evaluate diverse aspects of functioning in people with mental illness, were retrieved. Relevant items, which evaluate specific functions, were selected by a committee of mental health experts and combined to form a comprehensive instrument. Face and content validity and feasibility were assessed and the new instrument was piloted among 60 patients with mental illness. The final version of the instrument was employed in 151 consecutive clients, between 18 and 60 years of age, who were also assessed using Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), Occupational Therapy Task Observation Scale (OTTOS), Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ), Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) and Pai and Kapur Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS) by two therapists. The inter-rater reliability and test–retest reliability of the new instrument (Vellore Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale (VOTES)) were also evaluated. Results: The new scale had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = .817), inter-rater reliability .928 (.877–.958) and test–retest reliability .928 (.868–.961). The correlation between the general behaviour domain (Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient [PCC] = −.763, p = .000), task behaviour (PCC = −.829, p = .000), social skills (PCC = −.351, p = .000), intrapersonal skills (PCC = −.208, p = .010), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) (PCC = −.329, p = .038) and leisure activities (PCC = −.433, p = .005) scores of VOTES with the corresponding domains in the scales used for comparison was statistically significant. The correlation between the total score of VOTES and the total scores of OTTOS, SFQ and RSES was also statistically significant suggesting convergent validity. The correlation between the total score of VOTES with the total score of FBI is not statistically significant, implying good divergent validity. Conclusion: VOTES seems to be a promising tool to assess overall functioning of people with mental illness.
‘Dignity therapy’, a promising intervention in palliative care: A comprehensive systematic literature review
Authors: Martínez Marina , Arantzamendi María , Belar Alazne , Carrasco José Miguel , Carvajal Ana , Rullán María , Centeno Carlos 
Published: August 2016

Background: Dignity therapy is psychotherapy to relieve psychological and existential distress in patients at the end of life. Little is known about its effect. Aim: To analyse the outcomes of dignity therapy in patients with advanced life-threatening diseases. Design: Systematic review was conducted. Three authors extracted data of the articles and evaluated quality using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Data were synthesized, considering study objectives. Data sources: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO. The years searched were 2002 (year of dignity therapy development) to January 2016. ‘Dignity therapy’ was used as search term. Studies with patients with advanced life-threatening diseases were included. Results: Of 121 studies, 28 were included. Quality of studies is high. Results were grouped into effectiveness, satisfaction, suitability and feasibility, and adaptability to different diseases and cultures. Two of five randomized control trials applied dignity therapy to patients with high levels of baseline psychological distress. One showed statistically significant decrease on patients’ anxiety and depression scores over time. The other showed statistical decrease on anxiety scores pre–post dignity therapy, not on depression. Nonrandomized studies suggested statistically significant improvements in existential and psychosocial measurements. Patients, relatives and professionals perceived it improved end-of-life experience. Conclusion: Evidence suggests that dignity therapy is beneficial. One randomized controlled trial with patients with high levels of psychological distress shows DT efficacy in anxiety and depression scores. Other design studies report beneficial outcomes in terms of end-of-life experience. Further research should understand how dignity therapy functions to establish a means for measuring its impact and assessing whether high level of distress patients can benefit most from this therapy.
Percutaneous treatment of liver hydatid cysts in 190 patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Kahriman Guven , Ozcan Nevzat , Dogan Serap , Karaborklu Oguz 
Published: August 2016

Background Hydatid liver disease (HLD) is a significant health problem, especially in endemic areas worldwide. Percutaneous treatment is an effective alternative therapeutic option. Purpose To present the clinical and radiological results of percutaneous treatment of HLD in 190 patients. Material and Methods Percutaneous treatment of HLD between April 2005 and March 2015 was analyzed retrospectively. The demographic data, numbers and types of cysts, initial and final volumes of the cysts, types of percutaneous treatment, and procedure-related complications were determined. Results A total of 190 patients (95 male patients and 95 female patients; age range, 5–82 years) with 283 liver hydatid cysts who underwent percutaneous treatment were included in the study. Of the 283 cysts, 234 (83%) were cystic echinococcosis CE1, 31 (11%) were CE3a, and 18 (6%) were CE2 cysts, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The percutaneous procedure was successful in all patients. A total of 12 (6.3%) major complications, including anaphylaxis, allergic skin reaction, perihepatic hemorrhage, and cavity infection, were seen. No mortality was noted. Recurrence in one patient and an additional cyst in one patient were seen. All patients were asymptomatic during the follow-up period. Mean volume reduction was 77.5%, with a mean follow-up period of 18 months. Conclusion Percutaneous treatment is an effective and safe method for the treatment of HLD. It should be regarded as a first-line treatment method for uncomplicated hydatid cysts.
Perspectives on global health amongst obstetrician gynecologists: A national survey
Authors: Easter Sarah Rae , Raglan Greta B , Little Sarah E , Schulkin Jay , Robinson Julian N 
Published: August 2016

Objective To characterize contemporary attitudes toward global health amongst board-certified obstetricians-gynecologists (Ob-Gyns) in the US. Methods A questionnaire was mailed to members of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Respondents were stratified by interest and experience in global health and group differences were reported. Results A total of 202 of 400 (50.5%) surveys were completed; and 67.3% ( n = 136) of respondents expressed an interest in global health while 25.2% ( n = 51) had experience providing healthcare abroad. Personal safety was the primary concern of respondents (88 of 185, 47.6%), with 44.5% (57 of 128) identifying 2 weeks as an optimal period of time to spend abroad. The majority (113 of 186, 60.8%) cited hosting of local physicians in the US as the most valuable service to developing a nation’s healthcare provision. Conclusion Despite high interest in global health, willingness to spend significant time abroad was limited. Concerns surrounding personal safety dovetailed with the belief that training local physicians in the US provides the most valuable service to international efforts. These attitudes and concerns suggest novel solutions will be required to increase involvement of Ob-Gyns in global women’s health.
Injuries to the Collateral Ligaments of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint of the Thumb, Including Simultaneous Combined Thumb Ulnar and Radial Collateral Ligament Injuries, in National Football League Athletes
Authors: Werner Brian C. , Belkin Nicole S. , Kennelly Steve , Weiss Leigh , Barnes Ronnie P. , Rodeo Scott A. , Warren Russell F. , Hotchkiss Robert N. 
Published: August 2016

Background: Thumb collateral ligament injuries occur frequently in the National Football League (NFL). In the general population or in recreational athletes, pure metacarpophalangeal (MCP) abduction or adduction mechanisms yield isolated ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) and radial collateral ligament (RCL) tears, respectively, while NFL athletes may sustain combined mechanism injury patterns. Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of simultaneous combined thumb UCL and RCL tears among all thumb MCP collateral ligament injuries in NFL athletes on a single team. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective review of all thumb injuries on a single NFL team from 1991 to 2014 was performed. All players with a thumb MCP collateral ligament injury were included. Collateral ligament injuries were confirmed by review of both physical examination findings and magnetic resonance imaging. Player demographics, surgical details, and return-to-play data were obtained from the team electronic medical record and surgeons’ records. Results: A total of 36 thumbs in 32 NFL players were included in the study, yielding an incidence of 1.6 thumb MCP collateral ligament injuries per year on a single NFL team. Of these, 9 thumbs (25%) had a simultaneous combined UCL and RCL tear injury pattern confirmed on both physical examination and MRI. The remaining 27 thumbs (75%) were isolated UCL injuries. All combined UCL/RCL injuries required surgery due to dysfunction from instability; 63.0% of isolated UCL injuries required surgical repair ( P = .032) due to continued pain and dysfunction from instability. Repair, when required, was delayed until the end of the season. All players with combined UCL/RCL injuries and isolated UCL injuries returned to play professional football the following season. Conclusion: Simultaneous combined thumb UCL and RCL tear is a previously undescribed injury pattern that occurred in 25% of thumb MCP collateral ligament injuries on a single NFL team over a 23-year period. All players with combined thumb UCL/RCL injuries required surgical repair, which was significantly higher compared with players with isolated UCL injuries. Team physicians and hand surgeons treating elite football players with suspected thumb collateral ligament injuries should examine for RCL and UCL instability and consider MRI if any concern exists for a combined ligament injury pattern, as this injury is likely frequently missed.
A Prospective, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Shapiro Shane A. , Kazmerchak Shari E. , Heckman Michael G. , Zubair Abba C. , O’Connor Mary I. 
Published: August 2016

Background: Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) is increasingly used as a regenerative therapy for musculoskeletal pathological conditions despite limited evidence-based support. Hypothesis: BMAC will prove feasible, safe, and efficacious for the treatment of pain due to mild to moderate degenerative joint disease of the knee. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: In this prospective, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 25 patients with bilateral knee pain from bilateral osteoarthritis were randomized to receive BMAC into one knee and saline placebo into the other. Fifty-two milliliters of bone marrow was aspirated from the iliac crests and concentrated in an automated centrifuge. The resulting BMAC was combined with platelet-poor plasma for an injection into the arthritic knee and was compared with a saline injection into the contralateral knee, thereby utilizing each patient as his or her own control. Safety outcomes, pain relief, and function as measured by Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) measures and the visual analog scale (VAS) score were tracked initially at 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after the procedure. Results: There were no serious adverse events from the BMAC procedure. OARSI Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain and VAS pain scores in both knees decreased significantly from baseline at 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months ( P ≤ .019 for all). Pain relief, although dramatic, did not differ significantly between treated knees ( P > .09 for all). Conclusion: Early results show that BMAC is safe to use and is a reliable and viable cellular product. Study patients experienced a similar relief of pain in both BMAC- and saline-treated arthritic knees. Further study is required to determine the mechanisms of action, duration of efficacy, optimal frequency of treatments, and regenerative potential. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov record 12-004459.