bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of novel composite material with spent coffee ground biochar and steel slag zeolite for enhanced dye and phosphate removal
Authors: Noorin Shazia , Paul Tanushree , Ghosh Arnab , Yee Jurng‐Jae , Park Sung Hyuk 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRising concerns over water scarcity, driven by industrialization and urbanization, necessitate the need for innovative solutions for wastewater treatment. This study focuses on developing an eco‐friendly and cost‐effective biochar‐zeolite composite (BZC) adsorbent using waste materials—spent coffee ground biochar (CGB) and steel slag zeolite (SSZ). Initially, the biochar was prepared from spent coffee ground, and zeolite was prepared from steel slag; their co‐pyrolysis resulted in novel adsorbent material. Later, the physicochemical characteristics of the BZC were examined, which showed irregular structure and well‐defined pores. Dye removal studies were conducted, which indicate that BZC adsorption reach equilibrium in 2 h, exhibiting 95% removal efficiency compared to biochar (43.33%) and zeolite (74.58%). Moreover, the removal efficiencies of the novel BZC composite toward dyes methyl orange (MO) and crystal violet (CV) were found to be 97% and 99.53%, respectively. The kinetic studies performed with the dyes and phosphate with an adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g L−1 suggest a pseudo‐second‐order model. Additionally, the reusability study of BZC proves to be effective through multiple adsorption and regeneration cycles. Initially, the phosphate removal remains high but eventually decreases from 92% to 70% in the third regeneration cycle, highlighting the robustness of the BZC. In conclusion, this study introduces a promising, cost‐effective novel BZC adsorbent derived from waste materials as a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment. Emphasizing efficiency, reusability, and potential contributions to environmentally conscious water treatment, the findings highlight the composite's significance in addressing key challenges for the removal of toxic pollutants from the aqueous solutions.Practitioner Points
A novel biochar‐zeolite composite (BZC) material has been synthesized.
Excellent removal of dyes by BZC (~95%) was achieved as compared to their counterparts
The kinetic studies performed suggest a pseudo‐second‐order model.
BZC proves to be highly effective for multiple adsorption studies.
Excellent reusability showed potential as a robust adsorbent
Applied Linguistics in the Social Sciences and the Indonesian Context
Authors: Stroupe Richmond , Roosman Lilie M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe field of applied linguistics has
developed out of traditional linguistics research with a unifying focus on the relationship
between theory and practice. This introductory chapter discusses how the field
of applied linguistics has broadened to encompass multidisciplinary research
while investigating practical language issues with the goal of addressing
“real-world” problems. Researchers in the field now investigate diverse,
contemporary topics such as language education, corpus linguistics, second
language acquisition, English as a lingua franca, and the intersection of
language with culture, gender, media, and other social variables and constructs.
This introductory chapter highlights recent contributions to the field by local
researchers, and also presents how the sections in this volume further
contribute to the body of applied linguistics knowledge, providing insights
from the multilingual, multicultural context of Indonesia. The authors in these
sections focus on research areas including the relationship between linguistics
and education, corpus linguistics, language use in society and media, and
clinical linguistics. This volume provides an opportunity to raise the
awareness of non-Western perspectives and research in applied linguistics,
enriches understanding in the field, and offers insight into the diverse social
and linguistic contexts of Indonesia.
Connecting Texts and Thoughts: How Translanguaging and Multilingual Writings Reflect Hybrid Identities in Colonial Times
Authors: Al Azkaf Afwa Zakia , Yannuar Nurenzia , Basthomi Yazid , Febrianti Yusnita 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIndonesian multilingualism has been affected by outside factors including colonialism and globalization. During the Dutch colonial period in the early 1900s, Indonesian intellectuals wrote mainly in Dutch, and occasionally English and other regional languages. A hybrid identity was embraced as these speakers moved from one language to another in their speech. This study seeks to examine the manner in which a multilingual writer constructs his self-identity while expressing his opinions through newspaper columns, as well as the influence of colonialism on the writer’s self-identification. Using qualitative analysis of textual data taken from Indonesian newspapers published in the 1930s and 1970s, this study demonstrates that the multilingual writer recognized his hybrid self-identity since he could utilize a different language in different contexts. A hybrid identity was developed by the multilingual writer when he created a meaning-making system, shaped experience, and acquired understanding or knowledge using various languages in his repertoire. Despite the different identities, he remained loyal to one primary identity.
Time Reference and Telicity in Agrammatic Aphasia in Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Soniawati Siti Eka , Anjarningsih Harwintha , Laksman-Huntley Myrna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeveral cross-inflectional-language studies claim that reference to time and telicity marked by verbs are difficult for agrammatic speakers. Thus, the PADILIH claims that time reference referring to the past is difficult and AAM claims that the combination of argument structure (transitivity & telicity) and time reference is relatively difficult for agrammatic speakers. It is predicted that a similar phenomenon is observed in the agglutinative Indonesian. Furthermore, filling in the gap in rehabilitation method in the Aphasia Test for Diagnosis, Information and Rehabilitation (TADIR), which currently has no standard guidelines, it is interesting to examine telicity and time reference in addition to the accompanying deficit. BI verbs have the potential to indicate telicity through inherent meaning by referring to the two semantic parameters of time reference including dynamism and durativity, while time reference is simultaneously marked by aspectual adverbs and temporal lexical adverbs. Ten participants were divided into two groups, with one group comprised of agrammatic speakers and a second group comprised of five speakers without brain damage (NBDs) as controls. Agrammatism was determined based on the TADIR, and both groups of speakers were tested with the Test for Assessing Reference of Time (TART) and Verbal Sentence Production (SPP-verbal). The validated sentences have the patterns of subject + verb (intransitive) in basic and derived verb forms. The results of the study, in line with the PADILIH hypothesis both in production and comprehension tasks, show that referring to the past that requires discourse linking tends to be difficult. The performance of agrammatic speakers is lower than that of the controls in both temporal and lexical adverb tasks. However, the AAM hypothesis cannot be fully generalized. In both the production and comprehension tasks the atelic verbs are not difficult; however, telic verbs are difficult. Clinical contribution as a complement of rehabilitation method (TADIR) is the evaluation of the difficulty of derived verbs and time reference, and an adaptive method by manipulating a series of tests that involves three time frames and stresses on especially the forms of derived verbs. This finding has implications for efforts to develop the integrity of sentences triggered by a decrease in the lexical level and the development of the language potential of agrammatic speakers who may be indicated by memory disorders.
Total and symmetry resolved entanglement spectra in some fermionic CFTs from the BCFT approach
Authors: Gaur Himanshu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this work, we study the universal total and symmetry-resolved entanglement spectra for a single interval of some 2d Fermionic CFTs using the Boundary Conformal Field theory (BCFT) approach. In this approach, the partition of Hilbert space is achieved by cutting out discs around the entangling boundary points and imposing boundary conditions preserving the extended symmetry under scrutiny. The reduced density moments are then related to the BCFT partition functions and are also found to be diagonal in the symmetry charge sectors. In particular, we first study the entanglement spectra of massless Dirac fermion and modular invariant Z2-gauged Dirac fermion by considering the boundary conditions preserving either the axial or the vector U(1) symmetry. The total entanglement spectra of the modular invariant Z2-gauged Dirac fermion are shown to match with the compact boson result at the compactification radius where the Bose-Fermi duality holds, while for the massless Dirac fermion, it is found that the boundary entropy term doesn’t match with the self-dual compact boson. The symmetry-resolved entanglement is found to be the same in all cases, except for the charge spectrum which is dependent on both the symmetry and the theory. We also study the entanglement spectra of N massless Dirac fermions by considering boundary conditions preserving different chiral U(1)N symmetries. Entanglement spectra are studied for U(1)M subgroups, where M ≤ N, by imposing boundary conditions preserving different chiral symmetries. The total entanglement spectra are found to be sensitive to the representations of the U(1)M symmetry in the boundary theory among other behaviours at O(1). Similar results are also found for the Symmetry resolved entanglement entropies. The characteristic log log (ℓ/ϵ) term of the U(1) symmetry is found to be proportional to M in the symmetry-resolved entanglement spectra.
Non-minimal couplings to U(1)-gauge fields and asymptotic symmetries
Authors: Fuentealba Oscar , Henneaux Marc , Mas Jules 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We analyse the asymptotic symmetries of electromagnetism non-minimally coupled to scalar fields, with non-minimal couplings of the Fermi type that occur in extended supergravity models. Our study is carried out at spatial infinity where minimal and non-minimal couplings exhibit very different asymptotic properties: while the former generically cannot be neglected at infinity, the latter can. Electromagnetic non-minimal couplings are in that respect similar to gravitational minimal couplings, which are also asymptotically subdominant. Because the non-minimally interacting model is asymptotic to the free one, its asymptotic symmetries are the same as the ones of the free theory, i.e., described by angle-dependent u(1) gauge transformations. We also analyse the duality symmetry and show that it is broken to its compact subgroup by the asymptotic conditions. Finally, we consider logarithmic gauge transformations and use them to simplify the symmetry algebra.
Validation of the hip disability osteoarthritis outcome Score-12 shortform in a German cohort
Authors: Büttner Matthias , Wunderlich Felix , Drees Philipp , Afghanyar Yama , Fischer Sebastian , Schippers Philipp , Eckhard Lukas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
To consider the inherent respondent burden of PROMs, the HOOS-12 as a shortform of the well-established HOOS questionnaire has been published. While the HOOS-12 has been validated in an initial study, further evaluation in other, non-English speaking cohorts is necessary. We therefore aimed to evaluate responsiveness, convergent construct validity, internal consistency, and floor and ceiling effects of the HOOS-12 in a cross-sectoral german cohort.

Materials and Methods
European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions scores and HOOS data of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) were used for the analyses. HOOS-12 scores were calculated from the full length HOOS. Statistical analysis was conducted, investigating internal consistency, floor and ceiling effects, convergent and discriminant validity, responsiveness, and known-group comparisons.

Results
A ceiling effect was present for postoperative HOOS-12 score and its pain, function and QoL subscales. Internal consistency was high between baseline and all follow ups, inter-item correlation was high (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.30) for HOOS-12 score and all subscales. Correlation of HOOS-12 pain with HOOS pain was high (r = 0.9). Correlation of HOOS-12 function with HOOS ADL and HOOS S/R was high (r = 0.89, r = 0.74). Correlation was moderate between HOOS-12 pain and HOOS-12 function with its respective EQ-5D score (r=-0.58, r=-0.59).

Conclusion
The HOOS-12 showed good convergent construct validity and is responsive to changes in pain, function, QoL and hip impact between preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. A substantial ceiling effect for all subscales at 1 year postoperatively limits the ability to capture variance across particularly well performing patients.

Trial Registration
The Trial is registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (https://www.drks.de; DRKS00013972; 23 March 23, 2018).
Changes in participatory and societal outcomes during the waiting period for cochlear implantation – an observational study
Authors: Nijmeijer Hugo G.B. , Philpott N. , van der Wilt GJ , Donders A. R.T , George E. , Boerboom R. , Frijns J. H.M. , Kaandorp M. , Huinck W. J. , Mylanus E. A.M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Various factors, including an aging population and expanding eligibility criteria, may increase the demand for cochlear implants (CIs), potentially resulting in longer waiting times. In most Dutch CI centers, the time between referral and surgery exceeds 6 months. Clinical experience suggests that during the waiting period for cochlear implantation, hearing and communication difficulties increase. Simultaneously, there is an interest in outcomes more closely aligned with patient values and needs, which resulted in the SMILE (Societal Merit of Interventions on hearing Loss Evaluation) study. This paper presents results on observed changes in societal and participatory outcomes during waiting time in participants with a time to CI surgery exceeding 6 months.

Methods
SMILE is a prospective multi-center study including 232 individuals who were referred for unilateral CI. Continuous and nominal data from multiple questionnaires, sent immediately after referral and shortly before surgery, were analyzed by computing differences, Cohen’s D, and odds ratios.

Results
Of the total 232 participants, 102 had a time between inclusion and surgery exceeding 6 months. Of these, 89 had (partially) filled out surveys at both time points. Of all the domain scores 55% did not show differences between timepoints. All Cohen’s D estimates were relatively small, ranging from − 0.298 to 0.388 for those outcomes that showed noteworthy changes.

Conclusion
Waiting time from referral to surgery, even though exceeding 6 months, was observed to not seriously affect non-clinically-prioritized patients in an adverse way. Future investigations should identify subgroups on tolerable waiting times regarding short- and long-term outcomes.

Trial registration
Trial registration number at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05525221, 25-8-2022.
Net Present Value Calculations for Mining Post-Closure Financial Assurance
Authors: Chambers David M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMost regulatory jurisdictions now require financial assurance for mines for post-closure activities, which typically include long-term monitoring and maintenance, and most importantly post-closure water treatment. Critical choices in calculating post-closure financial assurance include using a reputable cost estimation model to establish the amount needed for reclamation, selecting a realistic net return-on-investment for post-closure trust funds, and choosing the period of time over which the net present value calculation of the financial assurance is based. A conservative estimate of the amount of financial assurance is warranted to protect the public from assuming these costs. However, some regulatory agencies use financial assurance estimate practices that are arbitrary. The data and procedures needed to analyze and recommend conservative net present value calculations are readily available, but in too many instances are not being utilized.
H-1B Visas and Wages in Accounting: Evidence from Big 4 Payroll and the Ethics of H-1B Visas
Authors: Bourveau Thomas , Stice Derrald , Stice Han , White Roger 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe use payroll data from a Big 4 accounting firm to examine the starting wage differentials for H-1B visa holders. Prior research in other industries has found mixed results, but primarily relies on surveyed salary data. We observe that relative to U.S. citizen new hires—matched on office, position, and time of hire—newly hired accountants with H-1B visas receive starting salaries that are lower by approximately 10%. This finding calls into question the efficacy of regulatory mandates thought to prevent H-1B visa holders from being paid less than U.S. citizens in similar roles. In further tests, we find evidence that the hiring of H-1B visa holders has no or some small positive effect on the wages of peer U.S. citizen new hires (weakly indicative of complementarities or synergies), but no evidence of H-1B hiring driving down the wages for U.S. citizen peer new hires.
Decent Policing: Police Professionalism Beyond the Legalism-Autonomy-Axis
Authors: Bäckström Stina , Schwarz Eva 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe status of the police as a profession in democratic societies is a contested issue. At stake is whether the police have an autonomous field of action related to a set of important values, or whether they are simply upholding and executing a set of given rules. In recent research, this issue has been framed in terms of two opposing sets of attitudes among police officers: legalism and autonomy. Even though their precise definitions vary the terms have recently, perhaps most prominently in Scandinavia, become a standard framework for describing the ends of a continuum. Core elements of legalism is strict adherence to the law and a rejection of discretionary innovation. The autonomous police favor practical police work, focus on efficiency, and honor the internal code of silence. This paper presents an alternative approach, modelled on Aristotle’s conception of the virtue of justice, that questions the usefulness of the legalism-autonomy-axis as a starting point for a normative discussion. Our alternative is a form of police professionalism we call decent policing. Central to our argument, developed with the help of concrete examples, will be the idea that lawfulness, properly understood, does not stand in tension with at least one important sense of autonomy, but in fact requires it. In addition to contributing to the normative discussion of these terms, the paper should thus also be seen as a conceptual intervention, enabling a more precise and nuanced discussion of the ethical and epistemological dimensions of police work.
Influence of Plant Phenology on Chemical Composition of Monarda fistulosa L. Organs and their Bioactive Properties
Authors: Gontar Łukasz , Geszprych Anna , Sitarek-Andrzejczyk Monika , Osińska Ewa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMonarda fistulosa L. above-ground organs, collected at three phases of plant phenology, were investigated as potential raw materials for application in the food industry. They were evaluated regarding essential oil (EO) content, composition, and antimicrobial activity, as well as characteristics of phenolic fractions and antioxidant properties, which may determine health benefits and potential use in food preservation. The dominant constituent of leaf EO was carvacrol. In the inflorescence EO carvacrol content was especially high at the full flowering phase (45.12%), while during the fruit setting phase its content was lower than that of p-cymene (39.75%) and thymoquinone (25.04%). In the agar dilution test, leaf and inflorescence EOs inhibited the growth of the six tested microorganisms at the concentration range of 0.156–0.625 µL/mL. Leaves collected at the vegetative phase of plant growth were characterised by the highest content of rosmarinic acid and didymin. Inflorescences harvested during the flowering of plants were rich in linarin. Flavonoid content was highly correlated with antioxidant activity of extracts. Due to these properties, M. fistulosa extracts and essential oils could be used in the food industry as natural preservatives or antioxidants, thereby contributing to the development of safer and more sustainable food products.
Transarterial radioembolization vs transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads for treating hepatocellular carcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis in Japanese healthcare system
Authors: Shirota Go , Sato So , Yasunaga Hideo , Aso Shotaro , Akahane Masaaki , Itoh Daisuke , Abe Osamu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is effective for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma; however, it awaits approval in Japan. This study aimed to simulate the cost-effectiveness of TARE over chemoembolization when TARE is approved in Japan and identify the requirements for cost-effectiveness.

Materials and methods
A Markov model was constructed to analyze the costs and effectiveness associated with TARE and transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads (DEB-TACE) for 2-month cycles over 5 years. In the primary analysis, the intention-to-treat survival data were used to calculate transition probabilities, whereas the ancillary analysis assessed the per-protocol survival data. DEB-TACE costs were calculated using the Japanese nationwide claims Diagnosis Procedure Combination database between April 2018 and March 2022, whereas TARE costs were estimated using database and international sources. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was determined based on the payer’s perspective and compared with the Japanese willingness-to-pay threshold of 5 million Japanese yen (JPY) (31,250 USD) per quality-adjusted life years (QALY).

Results
From the claims database, 6,986 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who received DEB-TACE were identified. In the primary analysis, the ICER was 5,173,591 JPY (32,334 USD)/QALY, surpassing the Japanese willingness-to-pay threshold. However, the ancillary analysis showed a lower ICER of 4,156,533 JPY (25,978 USD)/QALY, falling below the threshold. The one-way deterministic sensitivity analysis identified progression-free survival associated with TARE and DEB-TACE, DEB-TACE costs, and radioactive microsphere reimbursement price as key ICER influencers. The primary analysis suggested that setting the reimbursement price of radioactive microspheres below 1.399 million JPY (8,744 USD), approximately 2.8% lower than the price in the United Kingdom, would place the ICER below the Japanese willingness-to-pay threshold.

Conclusions
Under specific conditions, TARE can be a more cost-effective treatment than DEB-TACE. If the reimbursement price of radioactive microspheres is set approximately 2.8% lower than that in the United Kingdom, TARE could be cost-effective compared with DEB-TACE.