bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic profile of arterial stiffness in aged adults
Authors: Koh Angela S , Gao Fei , Liu Jin , Fridianto Kevin Timothy , Ching Jianhong , Tan Ru San , Wong Jia-Ing , Chua Serene JM , Leng Shuang , Zhong Liang , Keng Bryan MH , Huang Fei Qiong , Yuan Jian-Min , Koh Woon-Puay , Kovalik Jean-Paul 
Published: October 2017

Background: Increasing arterial stiffness is an important contributor to declining cardiovascular health in ageing. Changes in whole-body fuel metabolism could be related to alterations in arterial stiffness in ageing adults. Methods: Targeted high-performance liquid and gas chromatography mass spectrometry were used to measure 84 circulating metabolites in a group of community elderly adults ( n = 141, 58% men; mean age = 70.6 ± 11.2 years) without cardiovascular disease. In basic and adjusted models, we correlated the measured metabolites to carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity assessed by applanation tonometry. Results: Age ( β = 0.10, p < 0.0001), smoking status ( β = 1.32, p = 0.02), dyslipidemia ( β = 1.22, p = 0.01), central systolic blood pressure ( β = 0.05, p < 0.0001), central mean arterial pressure ( β = 0.04, p = 0.03) and central pulse pressure ( β = 0.05, p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with pulse wave velocity. Amino acids such as histidine, methionine and valine correlated with pulse wave velocity. In multivariable models adjusted for clinical covariates, only Factor 5, comprising the medium- and long-chain dicarboxyl and hydroxyl acylcarnitines was independently associated with pulse wave velocity ( β = 0.24, p = 0.015). Conclusion: An upstream metabolic perturbation comprising medium- and long-chain dicarboxyl and hydroxyl acylcarnitines, likely reflecting changes in cellular fatty acid oxidation, was associated with arterial stiffness among aged adults. This advances mechanistic understanding of arterial stiffness among aged adults before clinical disease.
Bioabsorbable poly-L/D-lactide (96/4) scaffold arthroplasty (RegJoint™) for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis: a 3-year follow-up study
Authors: Mattila Simo , Ainola Mari , Waris Eero 
Published: October 2017

The poly-L/D-lactide joint scaffold (RegJoint™) has recently been associated with adverse tissue reactions and osteolysis after partial trapeziectomy for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. Twenty-two of 23 patients previously operated on with this scaffold were re-examined at a mean follow-up of 3.3 years (range 36–53 months). Overall, the results showed an unacceptably high rate of adverse tissue reactions related to the degradation process of the implant, resulting in a revision procedure in three patients. At final follow-up, at which point the implant had completely degraded, there were no signs of ongoing adverse tissue reactions. There was a significant decrease in pain, increase in strength and subjective improvement in function at final follow-up compared with the pre-operative results in patients who had not undergone revision surgery. However, owing to the high incidence of adverse tissue reactions, the use of the implant has been discontinued in the treatment of trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. Level of evidence: IV
Comparative efficacy and tolerability of probiotics for antibiotic‐associated diarrhea: Systematic review with network meta‐analysis
Authors: Cai Jiayi , Zhao Chunyang , Du Yajie , Zhang Yaqiong , Zhao Mingyi , Zhao Qingchun 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundProbiotics are commonly used for the prevention of antibiotic‐associated diarrhea (AAD). However, the optimum regimen remains controversial.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to compare and rank the relative efficacy and tolerability among all available probiotic agents for AAD through a network meta‐analysis.MethodsEligible studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane library and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the efficacy of probiotic therapy for AAD. A random‐effects model was applied within a frequentist framework. Quality of evidence was performed by the GRADE approach. The project was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD 42016050776).ResultsFifty‐one articles (60 comparisons, 9569 participants), including 10 probiotic interventions, were identified. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) had the highest probability of being ranked best both in effectiveness (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28 (0.17, 0.47)) and tolerance (0.44 (0.23, 0.84)) on prevention of AAD. With regard to reducing Clostridium difficile infection rate, Lactobacillus casei (L. casei ) was considered better efficacy (0.04 (0.00, 0.77)) and medium tolerance (0.56 (0.19, 1.66)). Strain combination reported no superiority over single strain in either efficacy or tolerability.ConclusionsLGG is probably the best option to consider when AAD is indicated. L. casei appears to be the most efficacious choice when associated with severe C. difficile‐ related cases.
Manual preoperative tracheal retraction exercise decreases the occurrence of postoperative oropharyngeal dysphagia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Chaudhary Surendra Kumar , Yu Bin , Pan Fumin , Li Xinhua , Wang Shanjin , Shaikh Imran I , Wu Desheng 
Published: October 2017

Objective: Preoperative tracheal retraction exercise (TRE) to minimize the occurrence of postoperative oropharyngeal dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery. Methods: A total of 220 patients admitted for elective anterior cervical spine surgery from January 2013 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were allocated into two groups: TRE group and control group (without TRE). Modified dysphagia scoring system (MDSS) was used for evaluating the presence and severity of dysphagia symptoms at 1 week and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Demographics such as age, gender, smoking, type of procedure, number of levels operated, duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, and instrumentation were analyzed. The clinical outcomes in both groups were compared with Neck Disability Index (NDI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for arm and neck pain, and Odom’s criteria for global outcome. Results: In the first week postoperatively, 86 patients (39.1%) developed dysphagia, which decreased to 72 (32.7%), 5 (2.3%), and 4 (1.8%) after 1, 3, and 6 months, respectively. The patients who received the TRE prior to surgery had significantly better MDSS scores ( p = 0.032 for second-level, 0.022 for third-level, and 0.009 for fourth-level fusions) than control group patients who did not receive TRE at the first week of surgery. At the 1-month follow-up, the followed-up patients for second- to fourth-level fusions in the TRE group had improved MDSS scores than those in the control group ( p = 0.041 for second-level, 0.025 for third-level, and 0.0011 for fourth-level fusions). MDSS scores showed no significant difference between both the groups at 1 and 3 months postoperatively for single level anterior cervical fusion. NDI and VAS scores didn’t yield any significant difference. Global outcome by Odom’s criteria was 88.6%. Conclusion: Preoperative TRE can significantly reduce the occurrence of postoperative dysphagia after ACDF surgery. During follow-up, the incidence of postoperative dysphagia was significantly lower and had resolved at 3 months in all patients.
Enhancer profiling identifies critical cancer genes and characterizes cell identity in adult T-cell leukemia
Authors: Wong Regina Wan Ju , Ngoc Phuong Cao Thi , Leong Wei Zhong , Yam Alice Wei Yee , Zhang Tinghu , Asamitsu Kaori , Iida Shinsuke , Okamoto Takashi , Ueda Ryuzo , Gray Nathanael S. , Ishida Takashi , Sanda Takaomi 
Published: October 2017

Key Points
Enhancer profiling combined with gene expression analysis identifies CCR4 and TIAM2 as critical cancer genes in ATL. Super-enhancers are enriched at genes involved in the T-cell activation pathway in ATL, reflecting the origin of leukemia cells.
The likelihood of total knee arthroplasty following arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Winter Amelia R. , Collins Jamie E. , Katz Jeffrey N. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background
Arthroscopic surgery is a common treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA), particularly for symptomatic meniscal tear. Many patients with knee OA who have arthroscopies go on to have total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Several individual studies have investigated the interval between knee arthroscopy and TKA. Our objective was to summarize published literature on the risk of TKA following knee arthroscopy, the duration between arthroscopy and TKA, and risk factors for TKA following knee arthroscopy.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for English language manuscripts reporting TKA following arthroscopy for knee OA. We identified 511 manuscripts, of which 20 met the inclusion criteria and were used for analysis. We compared the cumulative incidence of TKA following arthroscopy in each study arm, stratifying by type of data source (registry vs. clinical), and whether the study was limited to older patients (≥ 50) or those with more severe radiographic OA. We estimated cumulative incidence of TKA following arthroscopy by dividing the number of TKAs among persons who underwent arthroscopy by the number of persons who underwent arthroscopy. Annual incidence was calculated by dividing cumulative incidence by the mean years of follow-up.

Results
Overall, the annual incidence of TKA after arthroscopic surgery for OA was 2.46% (95% CI 1.68–3.25%). We calculated the annual incidence of TKA following arthroscopy in four separate groups defined by data source (registry vs. clinical cohort) and whether the sample was selected for disease progression (either age or OA severity). In unselected registry studies the annual TKA incidence was 1.99% (95% CI 1.03–2.96%), compared to 3.89% (95% CI 0.69–7.09%) in registry studies of older patients. In unselected clinical cohorts the annual incidence was 2.02% (95% CI 0.67–3.36%), while in clinical cohorts with more severe OA the annual incidence was 3.36% (95% CI 1.38–5.34%). The mean and median duration between arthroscopy and TKA (years) were 3.4 and 2.0 years.

Conclusions
Clinicians and patients considering knee arthroscopy should discuss the likelihood of subsequent TKA as they weigh risks and benefits of surgery. Patients who are older or have more severe OA are at particularly high risk of TKA.
The oncogenic Golgi phosphoprotein 3 like overexpression is associated with cisplatin resistance in ovarian carcinoma and activating the NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: He Shanyang , Niu Gang , Shang Jianhong , Deng Yalan , Wan Zhiyong , Zhang Cai , You Zeshan , Shen Hongwei 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Chemo-resistance is a leading cause of tumor relapse and treatment failure in patients with ovarian cancer. The identification of effective strategies to overcome drug resistance will have a significant clinical impact on the disease.

Methods
The protein and mRNA expression of GOLPH3L in ovarian cancer cell lines and patient tissues were determined using Real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. 177 human ovarian cancer tissue samples were analyzed by IHC to investigate the association between GOLPH3L expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of ovarian cancer patients. Functional assays, such as MTT, FACS, and Tunel assay used to determine the oncogenic role of GOLPH3L in human ovarian cancer progression. Furthermore, western blotting and luciferase assay were used to determine the mechanism of GOLPH3L promotes chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells.

Results
The expression of GOLPH3L was markedly upregulated in ovarian cancer cell lines and tissues, and high GOLPH3L expression was associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis with ovarian cancer patients. GOLPH3L overexpression confers CDDP resistance on ovarian cancer cells; however, inhibition of GOLPH3L sensitized ovarian cancer cell lines to CDDP cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, GOLPH3L upregulated the levels of nuclear p65 and phosphorylated inhibitor of nuclear factor Kappa-B kinase-β and IκBα, thereby activating canonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that GOLPH3L is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ovarian cancer: targeting GOLPH3L signaling may represent a promising strategy to enhance platinum response in patients with chemoresistant ovarian cancer.
Neutrophil killing of Staphylococcus aureus in diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome: a prospective cellular surveillance study
Authors: Scully Ingrid Lea , McNeil Lisa Kristin , Pathirana Sudam , Singer Christine Lee , Liu Yongdong , Mullen Stanley , Girgenti Douglas , Gurtman Alejandra , Pride Michael W. , Jansen Kathrin Ute , Huang Paul L. , Anderson Annaliesa S. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background
Obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and diabetes are frequent in surgical populations and can enhance susceptibility to postoperative surgical site infections. Reduced neutrophil function has been linked with diabetes and risk of Staphylococcus aureus infection. Therefore, neutrophil function in diabetic and obese subjects (± MetS) was assessed in this prospective serological and cellular surveillance study to determine whether vaccines administered to protect against infections after surgery could be effective in these populations.

Methods
Neutrophil function (chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and opsonophagocytic killing of S. aureus) was assessed in subjects classified according to diabetes status, body mass index, and presence/absence of MetS. Neutrophils were characterized within functional subsets by flow cytometry. A serologic assay was used to measure baseline antibody presence to each antigen in SA4Ag: capsular polysaccharide (CP) type 5, CP8, recombinant mutant Clumping factor A (rmClfA), and recombinant Manganese transport protein C (rMntC).

Results
Neutrophil function was similar for comorbid and healthy cohorts, with no significant between-group differences in cell counts, migration, phagocytosis ability, neutrophil subset proportions, and S. aureus killing ability when neutrophils were isolated 3–6 months apart (Visit 1 [n = 90] and Visit 2 [n = 70]) and assessed. Median pre-existing antibody titers to CP5, CP8, and rmClfA were comparable for all cohorts (insufficient subjects with rMntC titers for determination).

Conclusions
MetS, diabetes, and obesity do not impact in vitro neutrophil function with regard to S. aureus killing, suggesting that if an effective S. aureus vaccine is developed it may be effective in individuals with these comorbidities.
Relaxed iterative algorithms for a system of generalized mixed equilibrium problems and a countable family of totally quasi-Phi-asymptotically nonexpansive multi-valued maps, with applications
Authors: Chidume CE , Romanus OM , Nnyaba UV 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this article, a Krasnoselskii-type and a Halpern-type algorithm for approximating a common fixed point of a countable family of totally quasi-ϕ-asymptotically nonexpansive nonself multi-valued maps and a solution of a system of generalized mixed equilibrium problem are constructed. Strong convergence of the sequences generated by these algorithms is proved in uniformly smooth and strictly convex real Banach spaces with the Kadec-Klee property. Several applications of our theorems are also presented. Finally, our theorems are a significant improvement of several important recent results.
Topical propranolol improves epistaxis in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia - a preliminary report
Authors: Mei-Zahav Meir , Blau Hannah , Bruckheimer Elchanan , Zur Eyal , Goldschmidt Neta 
Published: October 2017

Background Severe epistaxis is often difficult to control in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Propranolol has been shown to have antiangiogenic properties in vitro and in vivo and is commonly used to treat hemangiomas. We present our experience with topical nasal propranolol for the treatment of moderate to severe epistaxis in patients with HHT. Methods Retrospective case series. Six patients with HHT were treated with 0.5 cm3 of 1.5% propranolol gel, applied to each nostril twice daily for at least 12 weeks. Outcome measures were epistaxis severity score (ESS), hemoglobin level, and number of blood transfusions prior to and while on treatment. Local and systemic side effects were recorded. Results The mean duration of treatment was 30 ± 5.6 weeks. A significant improvement in the ESS was found in all patients, with a mean decrease from 6.4 ± 2.1 at treatment onset to 3.5 ± 1.7 at 12 weeks ( p = 0.028). Hemoglobin level increased significantly from 8.4 ± 3.1 to 11.0 ± 1.8 g/dL at 12 weeks ( p = 0.043). The mean number of blood transfusions decreased from 4.5 ± 4.9 before treatment to 2.5 ± 2.9 at 12 weeks and 0.3 ± 0.8 at 24 weeks, but the difference did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.109 for both). No significant side effects of treatment were recorded. Conclusions These preliminary results suggest that topical propranolol may be effective for the treatment of epistaxis in patients with HHT. A prospective controlled trial is required to confirm our findings.
Genomic insights into the thiamin metabolism of Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus NRRL B-4156 and P. apiarius NRRL B-23460
Authors: Sannino David , Angert Esther R. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus is the model organism for studying thiaminase I, an enigmatic extracellular enzyme. Originally isolated from the feces of clinical patients suffering from thiamin deficiency, P. thiaminolyticus has been implicated in thiamin deficiencies in humans and other animals due to its ability to produce this thiamin-degrading enzyme. Its close relative, P. apiarius, also produces thiaminase I and was originally isolated from dead honeybee larvae, though it has not been reported to be a honeybee pathogen. We generated draft genomes of the type strains of both species, P. thiaminolyticus NRRL B-4156 and P. apiarius NRRL B-23460, to deeply explore potential routes of thiamin metabolism. We discovered that the thiaminase I gene is located in a highly conserved operon with thiamin biosynthesis and salvage genes, as well as genes involved in the biosynthesis of the antibiotic bacimethrin. Based on metabolic pathway predictions, P. apiarius NRRL B-23460 has the genomic capacity to synthesize thiamin de novo using a pathway that is rarely seen in bacteria, but P. thiaminolyticus NRRL B-4156 is a thiamin auxotroph. Both genomes encode importers for thiamin and the pyrimidine moiety of thiamin, as well as enzymes to synthesize thiamin from pyrimidine and thiazole.
Turbulence induces metabolically costly behaviors and inhibits food capture in oyster larvae, causing net energy loss
Authors: Fuchs Heidi L. , Specht Jaclyn A. , Adams Diane K. , Christman Adam J. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTPlanktotrophic invertebrate larvae require energy to develop, disperse and settle successfully, and it is unknown how their energetics are impacted by turbulence. Ciliated larvae gain metabolic energy from their phytoplankton food to offset the energetic costs of growth, development and ciliary activity for swimming and feeding. Turbulence may affect the energetic balance by inducing behaviors that alter the metabolic costs and efficiency of swimming, by raising the encounter rate with food particles and by inhibiting food capture. We used experiments and an empirical model to quantify the net rate of energy gain, swimming efficiency and food capture efficiency for eyed oyster larvae (Crassostrea virginica) in turbulence. At dissipation rates representative of coastal waters, larvae lost energy even when food concentrations were very high. Both feeding activity and turbulence-induced behaviors incurred high metabolic costs. Swimming efficiency was concave up versus dissipation rate, suggesting that ciliary activity for food handling became more costly while swimming became more efficient with turbulence intensity. Though counter-intuitive, swimming may have become more efficient in turbulence because vorticity-induced rotation caused larvae to swim more horizontally, which requires less effort than swimming vertically against the pull of gravity. Overall, however, larvae failed to offset high activity costs with food energy gains because turbulence reduced food capture efficiency more than it enhanced food encounter rates. Younger, smaller larvae may have some energetic advantages, but competent larvae would lose energy at turbulence intensities they experience frequently, suggesting that turbulence-induced starvation may account for much of oysters' high larval mortality.
Risk perception of medicinal marijuana in medical students from northeast Mexico
Authors: Castillo-Guzmán Sandra , Palacios-Ríos Dionicio , Nava-Obregón Teresa A. , Arredondo-Mendoza Julio C. , Alcalá-Alvarado Olga V. , Alonso-Bracho Sofía A. , Becerril-Gaitán Daniela A. , González-Santiago Omar 
Published: October 2017

Background. Several studies have shown support from the public toward the use of medicinal marijuana. In this cross-sectional study, we assess the risk perception to medicinal marijuana in a sample of medical students. Methods. To estimate risk perception, a visual scale that ranges from 0 cm (without risk) to 10 cm (totally risky) was used. Risk perception was expressed as the median of the cm marked over the scale. Differences among groups was tested with the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, as appropriate. Results. 283 students participated in the study. Risk perception to medicinal marijuana was 4.22, paracetamol 1.56 and sedatives 5.0. A significant difference in risk perception was observed in those that self-reported to smoke and consume alcohol. Conclusions. Risk perception of medicinal marijuana is 4.22 in medical students of northeast of Mexico. Students may underestimate its adverse effects. More studies with respect to this are needed.