bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Interleukin Polymorphisms on the Risk of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Sekar Praveen Kumar Chandra , Veerabathiran Ramakrishnan 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Interleukin (IL) genes are essential for regulating the immune and inflammatory processes. Epidemiological studies suggest that polymorphisms in IL genes are associated with a higher risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).

Objective:
This study aimed to examine the association between RPL risk and IL gene polymorphisms.

Materials and Methods:
A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar and Embase to identify relevant studies published until May 30, 2024. A total of 58 studies involving 13,696 participants (both RPL cases and controls) were included. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models, as appropriate, with ReviewManager version 5.4, Cochrane RoB Tool 2 and G*Power 3.1 software.

Results:
The meta-analysis revealed significant correlations between RPL risk and genetic variations in IL-1β (-511T > C), IL-6 (-174 G > C) and IL-10 (-1082 A > G and-592 C > A), with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Ethnic subgroup analysis showed that IL-1β (-511T > C) and IL-10 (-592 C > A) variations were strongly associated with RPL risk in Asian populations.

Interpretation:
Our research suggests that genetic variations in IL-1β (-511T > C), IL-6 (-174 G > C) and IL-10 (-1082 A > G and-592 C > A) are associated with susceptibility to RPL.

Limitation:
Our meta-analysis concentrated exclusively on single-factor studies and did not consider potential confounding variables such as age, environmental influences and lifestyle, which could affect susceptibility to RPL. In addition, the lack of individual raw data prevented us from investigating gene–environment and gene–gene interactions or the influence of other polymorphisms and cytokines in our analysis.

Protocol Registration:

http://www.osf.io/qhbva.
Bacteriological assessment of the indoor air quality of the lecture rooms in the Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Nigeria
Authors: Osaghae Magdalene A. , Williams Osaro J. , Ogbe Babatunde E. , Obasuyi Cedric , Oshoma Cyprian E. 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
To assess the bacteria load of lecture rooms in the Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.

Methods:
Air sampling using settle plate method in lecture rooms was carried out for two months. The temperature and relative humidity of the sampled areas were determined while the bacteriological analyses were carried out using the standard microbiological methods. Virulent factors and antibiotics susceptibility profile of the isolates were analyzed.

Results:
The lecture room with the highest bacterial, coliform and Staphylococci count was plant biology and biotechnology lecture room with values 4.84 ± 0.82 × 103, 4.30 ± 0.51 × 103 and 3.52 ± 0.89 × 103cfu/m3, respectively, in the two months dectected. The identified bacterial isolates were Lactobacillus delbrucckii, Aeromonas (A.) hydrophilia, Enterobacter intermedius, Serratia liquefacias, Pseudomonas sp., Micrococcus luteus, Acineobacter baumanii, Lactobacillus fermenti, Serratia marcescens, A. veronii., Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium sp. The isolate with the highest frequency of occurrence was Staphylococcus aureus. Bacterial isolates with the highest virulence factors of 100 % was A. veronii. The antibiotic susceptibility profile showed that all Gram-negative bacterial isolates were susceptible to Sparfloxacin antibiotic. Isolate with the highest multiple antibiotic resistance index of 0.6 was Acineobacter baumanii.

Conclusions:
To maintain air quality, constant monitoring of parameters like temperature and humidity that promote the presence organisms in the air, reducing the number of occupants, ensuring a well-functioning ventilation system, and implementing regular cleaning routines should be practiced.
Prevalence of postpartum depression among mothers in a tertiary government hospital in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Garcia Roxanne Endozo , Luna Jericho Thaddeus P. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common perinatal psychiatric disorder and women are at greatest risk of developing this during their first postpartum year. Extraneous factors and events indirectly related to maternity like the quarantine measures imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic can add to the already burdensome mental effects of pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE:
The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of and possible risk factors for PPD during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in Filipino (EPDS-F) in a tertiary government hospital.

METHODOLOGY:
This is a cross-sectional study involving patients 18 years of age and above who delivered vaginally or through cesarean section to a live or dead fetus more than 20 weeks age of gestation and more than 500 g, preterm or term during the pandemic. Patients included were those who tested positive for COVID-19 infection who delivered 48 h up to 8 weeks postpartum. All the patients who consented and fulfilled the inclusion criteria answered the EPDS-F questionnaire to determine the prevalence rate of PPD. A score of 13 or greater suggests the presence of major depressive symptoms.

RESULTS:
There was a total of 61 postpartum patients who were delivered in a tertiary hospital from September 2022 to October 2022. Out of 61 patients, 20 scored 13 points and above in the EPDS-F questionnaire showing a PPD prevalence of 32.8%. Patient’s age showed a statistically significant association with the likelihood of having PPD (P = 0.0148), the highest prevalence observed at an average age of 25 and a lower prevalence at 29 years old.

CONCLUSION:
Although age seems to have a significant association with PPD, direct causality is difficult to establish as the likelihood of having PPD depends on the mother’s personal qualities and traits, the societal background, and her coping mechanisms during an extraordinary circumstance such as this global COVID-19 pandemic.
A survey of the quality of life during perimenopause in Filipino women: A community-based study in Paete, Laguna
Authors: Opulencia-Banayo Romina Jo , Habana Maria Antonia E. 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to determine the prevalence of menopausal symptoms among Filipino perimenopausal women aged 43–48 years in a rural community setting.

METHODS:
This is a cross-sectional study conducted in a rural community. A self-administered, validated Women’s Health Questionnaire, Filipino version, was given to 232 women aged 43–48 years. Data were analyzed using STATA 16.1/IC.

RESULTS:
Nearly 32% of respondents reported a negative impact of symptoms on their quality of life (QOL). The highest was seen in the physical/somatic (PS) domain followed by the vasomotor/menstrual and emotional/anxiety domains. Overall, majority of the scores reflect a good QOL.

CONCLUSION:
Filipino women in the rural community remain to have good QOL despite experiencing menopausal symptoms. A minority experience symptoms that negatively influence their QOL and most of these were in the physical/somatic domain. Education regarding awareness, treatment options, and expectations during perimenopause is important. Timely intervention can continue to improve the QOL of these women.
Age matters: Demographic insights into polycystic ovarian syndrome across generations
Authors: Mohapatra Ipsita , Samantaray Subha Ranjan 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE:
The objective of this study was to delve into demographic insights of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients, examining its prevalence, symptoms, and impacts across generations.

METHODS:
The study population included all the women in the age group between 15 and 45 years who were diagnosed as having PCOS using the Rotterdam definition. The participants were divided into three groups according to their age. Obstetric index and clinical features of hyperandrogenism (HA) were collected in a structured format. Anthropometric variables and biochemical investigations were performed. Categorical data were presented as percentages (%). Normally distributed data were presented as means and standard deviation (SD) or 95% confidence interval. Bivariate analysis (Chi-squared test) was done for studying the association between selected sociodemographic and other variables.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the study population was 26.8 with the minimum age being 15 years; maximum age was 42 years, and SD was 6.102. There was a significant difference in the weight of the patients across the three age groups. HA was more common in the above 30-year age category. However, ovulatory dysfunction was more common in the 21–30 age category. Menstrual irregularity was more commonly present in the below 21-year age category and was the most common complaint among all the age categories. The maximum serum fasting insulin and fasting glucose values among the above 30-year age group were 14.786 ± 7.06 and 102.96 ± 22.95, respectively. There was a significant difference between the three age categories. Maximum 2-h oral glucose tolerance test value was also in the above 30-year age category (130.073 ± 15.78).

CONCLUSION:
Menstrual irregularity was more common among the younger (<21 years) patients, whereas hyperandrogenic features were more commonly present in the above 30-year age group patients.
The association of endocrine-disrupting chemicals exposure, sociodemographic factors, and polycystic ovarian syndrome among reproductive-aged nonpregnant women at the Philippine General Hospital: A case–control study
Authors: Llamas-Clark Erlidia Flores , Medina John Robert Carabeo , Villanueva-Uy Maria Esterlita Tagle , Heralde Francisco M. , Cagayan Maria Stephanie Fay Samadan , Rosell-Ubial Paulyn Jean Buenaflor , Velarde Michael C. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent condition affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by metabolic, endocrine, and reproductive disturbances including insulin resistance, abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, and hyperandrogenism, and is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The etiology of PCOS is unclear and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) present in everyday products may play a role by disrupting hormonal pathways.

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the association between exposure to EDC-containing products, sociodemographic factors, and PCOS diagnosis among nonpregnant reproductive-aged women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A survey assessed the frequency of EDC exposure in homes and workplaces. The Rotterdam Criteria were used for the diagnosis of PCO features with clinical history and ultrasound. The association between PCOS and EDC exposure was determined using Chi-square and logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS:
The study identified significant sociodemographic factors associated with PCOS (P < 0.001) including age, civil status, and household income. Increased likelihood of PCOS was linked to frequent use of scented candles (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07), cleaning sprays (OR = 2.28), and floor polish (OR = 2.07), exposure to new upholstered furniture (OR = 4.00), thermal receipts (OR = 2.16), and consumption of microwaved and processed foods (OR = 2.60), as well as water sourced from wells (OR = 7.69). Additional associations were found with access to public markets (OR = 0.26) and the use of paper food wrappers (OR = 1.72).

CONCLUSION:
These findings suggest that frequent exposure to EDC-containing products and certain sociodemographic factors may contribute to the development of PCOS among women of reproductive age. Results underscore the importance of reducing exposure to EDCs to prevent or mitigate the development of PCOS and other reproductive consequences.
Safety Assessment on the Change of Conditions of Use for the Novel Food, UV-treated Baker’s Yeast (RP1908)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: September 2024

The Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) received an application from Lallemand Bio-ingredients, Canada (“the applicant”) for a change in the intended conditions of use of UV-treated Baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a novel food in February 2023. The novel food is UV-treated Baker’s yeast which is intended to be used as a food ingredient. The novel food is manufactured by treating Baker’s yeast with ultraviolet light to induce the conversion of ergosterol to vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). UV-treated Baker’s yeast is currently authorised as a novel food in the UK and EU under assimilated Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/2470. This new application is a change in the conditions of use seeking to extend the intended use of UV-treated Baker’s yeast within the food category: water-based beverages. The FSA and FSS in their evaluation of the application reviewed the safety dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. The FSA and FSS did not consider any potential health benefits or claims arising from consuming the food, as the focus of the novel food assessment is to ensure the change in the conditions of use to extend the food is safe, and not putting consumers at a nutritional disadvantage. The FSA and FSS concluded that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure that the change in the conditions of use for UV-treated Baker’s yeast to include the food category water-based beverages, was safe under the intended conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the intended use in foods was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous. The safety assessment represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.
Kepastian Hukum Terhadap Akta Jual Beli Saham Yang Dibatalkan Oleh Pengadilan Akibat Adanya Wanprestasi
Authors: Ardiyanto Stefanus David , Martanti Yurisa , Halim Anriz Nazaruddin 
Published: September 2024

Akta Notaris merupakan salah satu alat bukti otentik yang mempunyai kekuatan hukum yang sempurna di Pengadilan. Salah satu kegiatan yang didukung oleh jabatan Notaris sebagai salah satu profesi penunjang adalah pasar modal, dalam hal ini mengenai peralihan saham.Dalam pelaksanaannya sering kali dijumpai Akta Notaris terkait peralihan kepemilikan saham dalam kegiatan Pasar Modal tidak dilaksanakan oleh penjual maupun pembeli saham, sehingga tidak jarang menimbulkan terjadinya wanprestasi, yang pada akhirnya akta jual beli saham tersebut dibatalkan oleh pengadilan.Peneliti mencoba meneliti rumusan masalah tentang akibat hukum terhadap akta jual beli saham yang dibatalkan oleh Pengadilan, dan tentang kepastian hukum terhadap akta Notaris yang dibatalkan oleh Pengadilan akibat adanya wanprestasi. Dengan menggunakan teori Akibat Hukum dari Soeroso dan Kepastian Hukum dari Jan Michiel Otto. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian hukum kepusatakaan atau data sekudner dengan sumber bahan-bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diperoleh bahwa akibat hukum terhadap akta jual beli saham yang dibatalkan maka terhadap akta pemindahan hak atas saham/akta jual beli saham yang dibuat dapat diajukan pembatalan pada lembaga peradilan dan bila dibatalkan oleh pengadilan maka jual beli saham tersebut memiliki kepastian hukum dan berakibat terhadap akta yang dibuat Notaris tersebut dianggap tidak pernah terjadi.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PADA PERSEROAN TERBATAS INMAS SURYA MAKMUR SEMARANG
Authors: Januarianto Tri Benedictus , Wibowo Hadi Mulyo , Astuti Indri , Rusdianto Agustinus Renaldo 
Published: September 2024

Kualitas pelayanan menunjuk pada tingkat kesempurnaan pelayanan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dan tuntuan setiap konsumen memenuhi kebutuhan dan persyaratan, serta pada ketepatan waktu untuk memenuhi harapannya. kepuasan konsumen adalah suatu kondisi dimana kebutuhan, keinginan dan harapan konsumen terhadap sebuah produk dan jasa, sesuai atau terpenuhi dengan penampilan dari produk dan jasa. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh variabel Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Peningkatan Kepuasan Konsumen pada PT. Inmas Surya Makmur Semarang.Teknik pengambilan sampel yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan teknik Random Sampel atau secara acak populasi di jadikan sampel ada 384 orang dapat digunakan rumus Slovin yang dikutip Sevilla dalam Husein Umar, 2017, jadi diperoleh sampel 80 orang.Berdasarkan pada hasil analisa regresi bahwa ternyata variabel Kualitas Pelayanan dapat meningkatkan Kepuasan Konsumen diperoleh nilai Y = 8,117 + 0,653 X., ada pengaruh positif terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen diperlukan pembuktian dengan dilakukannya uji hipotesis variabel Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap peningkatan Kepuasan Konsumen diperoleh nilai thitung sebesar = 12,004 nilai ttabel pada (83) sebesar = 1,661, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima yang berarti mempunyai bukti, bahwa antara variabel Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap variabel Kepuasan Konsumen terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan. Sedangkan hasil analisa korelasi parsial dan uji hipotesisnya dinyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif antara variabel Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap variabel Kepuasan Konsumen diperoleh nilai sebesar 0,866 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruhnya sangat kuat atau nilai Koefisien determinasinya (KD) sebesar : 75,0% jadi tingkat pengaruhnya sebesar 75,0% dan sisanya sebesar 25,0% dipengaruhi dari paktor-kaktor lainnya sepertia promosi, periklanan, sarana prasarana, distribusi dan lain sebagainya yang tidak di amati oleh penulis.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Stealth Protocols and Proxying in Hiding VPN Usage
Authors: Shehab Mohammad , Alzabin Lial Raja 
Published: September 2024

Due to increased inspection of internet traffic and the pervasive surveillance practices put in place by many organizations, virtual private networks (VPNs) are now frequently used to safeguard online privacy and circumvent censorship. However, existing VPN protocols are susceptible to methods of detection and blockage employed by network administrators, internet service providers, and in certain cases, governments. Stealth protocols and proxying techniques have therefore been presented as potential means of hiding VPN activity and avoiding discovery. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to assess how well stealth protocols and proxying work to hide the use of VPNs using a thorough experimental setup (i.e., evaluate how well-known stealth VPN protocols like Obfsproxy, Shadowsocks, and WireGuard perform against different detection techniques like deep packet inspection (DPI)). Furthermore, examine the effects of using proxy servers in conjunction with VPN connections in order to further obfuscate traffic signatures and improve privacy. The results center on how well various stealth protocols and proxying techniques defy detection attempts, offering insightful information to VPN users and developers. Thus, the outcomes help strengthen censorship resistance and online particularity in keeping pace with the development of monitoring technology. Also, analyze the efficiency of Obfsproxy, Shadowsocks, and WireGuard to provide comprehensive comparisons of current capabilities and potential enhancements. Finally, a discussion for future VPN design is conducted, focusing on the importance of adaptability in keeping secure communication channels among increasingly sophisticated surveillance measures.

Received: 18 June 2024 | Revised: 2 August 2024 | Accepted: 20 August 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest in this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Author Contribution Statement
Mohammad Shehab: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Lial Raja Alzabin: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Resources, Writing – review & editing, Visualization.
Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Pembelajaran Articulate Storyline 3 untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Mayoza Hernilam , Harahap Tua Halomoan , Manurung Siti Aminah 
Published: September 2024

Pembelajaran yang berpusat pada guru terkadang menimbulkan kebosanan dan berdampak pada rendahnya prestasi siswa dalam belajar matematika, sehingga diperlukan model pembelajaran yang cocok untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut yaitu model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) merupakan pendekatan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual dan keterampilan pemecahan masalah siswa. Dengan melibatkan siswa secara aktif dalam proses pembelajaran dapat mendorong siswa untuk berpikir kritis, menganalisis informasi, dan menemukan solusi inovatif. Namun keberhasilan penerapan PBL sangat bergantung pada pemilihan media pembelajaran yang tepat. Articulate Storyline 3 sebagai salah satu perangkat lunak authoring yang populer, menawarkan fleksibilitas tinggi dalam menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang interaktif dan menarik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbantuan media pembelajaran Articulate Storyline 3 terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan melibatkan siswa kelas XI TKR 3 SMKN 4 Medan sebanyak 28 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengolah data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa sesudah diterapkan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan media Articulate Storyline 3.
Implementasi Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media MAGE terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa
Authors: Nurcahyandi Zulfikar Rafi , Ulya Himmatul , Wanabuliandari Savitri 
Published: September 2024

Kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa masih dikategorikan rendah berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan, sehingga salah satu solusi yang dapat digunakan adalah melalui penerapan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan media MAGE. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa melalui penggunaan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan media MAGE dibandingkan model pembelajaran langsung dan (2) terdapat peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa sebelum dan sesudah penerapan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan media MAGE. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas X SMAN 1 Demak semester II tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Sampel yang diambil yakni dua kelas dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling yang meliputi siswa kelas X-1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan siswa kelas X-2 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah masing-masing 36 siswa. metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen. Bentuk yang digunakan adalah jenis Quasi Experimental Design dengan rancangan yang dipilih yaitu Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Design. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan menggunakan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yakni instrument tes yang berbentuk pretest dan posttest dengan masing-masing 5 soal sesuai dengan indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan antara lain: uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis, dan uji peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis yang akan diolah dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa melalui penggunaan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan media MAGE dibandingkan model pembelajaran langsung. Selain itu, terdapat peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa sesudah penerapan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan media MAGE, dengan kriteria peningkatan sedang.