bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate Change Impacts on Agricultural Drought with Consideration of Uncertainty in CMIP5 Scenarios
Authors: Cho Jaepil , Ko Gwangdon , Kim Kwangyoung , Oh Chansung 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the impact of climate change on agricultural drought on 104 agricultural reservoirs in Korea. The bias corrected data appropriately reproduced the temporal trends of inflow from upstream river basins, irrigation water demand from paddy areas and reservoir storage level. When eleven climate model data were applied to a representative reservoir, inflow by individual models had a range of ‐11.5 to 11.1%, compared to the multi‐model ensembles mean value. Water demand also showed a similar trend to the inflow, had a range of ‐11.0 to 10.0%, while storage level had a narrow range of ‐3.9 to 2.1%. When 104 reservoirs were considered, inflow in the future period (2011 ~ 2040) increased by 7.8 and 9.3% for the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, respectively, mainly due to the increase in precipitation. Similarly, irrigation water demand increased by 2.3 and 1.6% for RCP4.5 and 8.5, respectively, due to the increase in temperature. As a result, the water storage level increased by 0.7 and 0.5% for RCP4.5 and 8.5, respectively. However, despite the increase in average reservoir storage level, the frequency of the number of droughts more severe than 10 year frequency drought increased. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative Effect of Quercetin and Quercetin‐3‐O‐β‐d‐Glucoside on Fibrin Polymers, Blood Clots, and in Rodent Models
Authors: Choi Jun‐Hui , Kim Kyung‐Je , Kim Seung 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThe present study evaluates the in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo antithrombotic and anticoagulant effect of two flavonoids: quercetin and quercetin‐3‐O‐β‐d‐glucoside (isoquercetin). The present results have shown that quercetin and isoquercetin inhibit the enzymatic activity of thrombin and FXa and suppress fibrin clot formation and blood clotting. The prolongation effect of quercetin and isoquercetin against epinephrine and collagen‐induced platelet activation may have been caused by intervention in intracellular signaling pathways including coagulation cascade and aggregation response on platelets and blood. The in vivo and ex vivo anticoagulant efficacy of quercetin and isoquercetin was evaluated in thrombin‐induced acute thromboembolism model and in ICR mice. Our findings showed that in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of quercetin were slightly higher than that of quercetin glucoside, whereas in vitro and ex vivo anticoagulant effects of quercetin were weaker than that of quercetin glucoside because of their structural characteristics.
Neuro‐Modulation of Immuno‐Endocrine Response Induced by Kaliotoxin of Androctonus Scorpion Venom
Authors: Ladjel‐Mendil Amina , Martin‐Eauclaire Marie‐France , Laraba‐Djebari Fatima 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTKaliotoxin (KTX), a specific blocker of potassium channels, exerts various toxic effects due to its action on the central nervous system. Its use in experimental model could help the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the neuropathological processes related to potassium channel dysfunctions. In this study, the ability of KTX to stimulate neuro‐immuno‐endocrine axis was investigated. As results, the intracerebroventricular injection of KTX leads to severe structural–functional alterations of both hypothalamus and thyroid. These alterations were characterized by a massive release of hormones’ markers of thyroid function associated with damaged tissue which was infiltrated by inflammatory cell and an imbalanced redox status. Taken together, these data highlight that KTX is able to modulate the neuro‐endocrine response after binding to its targets leading to the hypothalamus and the thyroid stimulation, probably by inflammatory response activation and the installation of oxidative stress in these organs.
The Degradation of Indigo Sodium Disulphonate by Chromium Isomorphic Replacement in Magnetite
Authors: Zhou Lianghua , Chu Benli , He Songhua , Yu Jiayuan , Lin Xiaoju , Wang Aili 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study was designed to investigate the degradation of indigo sodium disulphonate (ISD, a kind of indigoiddyes) in heterogeneous Fenton system (H2O2/Fe3‐xCrxO4). The co‐precipitation was employed to synthesize a series of Cr‐doped magnetite. The result of XRD indicated that Chromium isomorphic replacement will not cause significant changes in the structure of the magnetite. The thermogravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry analysis was applied in the samples. The adsorption data showed that strong acidic condition and high concentration Cr‐containing magnetite contributed to the enhancement of adsorbing capacity. The degradation experiment was carried out in consideration of 4 aspects, including pH, Fe3‐xCrxO4, H2O2 concentration and catalyst dosage, stating that Cr‐doped magnetite made for degrading indigo sodium disulphonate.
Roughness of biopores and cracks in Bt‐horizons assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Leue Martin , Gerke Horst H. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn structured soils, water and reactive solutes can preferentially move through larger inter‐aggregate pores, cracks, and biopores. The surface roughness of such macropores is crucial for describing microbial habitats and the exchange of water and solutes between macropores and the soil matrix together with other properties. The objective of this study was to compare the roughness of intact structural surfaces from the Bt‐horizons of five Luvisols developed on loess and glacial till and to test the applicability of confocal laser scanning microscopy. Samples of 5 to 10 cm edge length with intact structural surfaces including cracks with and without clay‐organic coatings, earthworm burrow walls, and root channels were prepared manually. The surface roughness of these structures was determined with a confocal laser scanning microscope of the type Keyence VK‐X100K. The root‐mean‐squared roughness (Rq) the curvature (Rcu) and the ratio between surface area and base area (RA) were calculated from selected surface regions of interest of 0.342 mm2 with an elevation resolution of 0.02 µm. The roughness was smaller for coated as compared to uncoated cracks and earthworm burrows of the Bt‐horizons. This reduction of roughness by the illuviation of clayey material was similar for the structural surfaces of the coarser textured till‐Bt and the finer‐textured loess‐Bt. This similarity suggested a dominant effect of pedogenesis and a minor effect of the parent material on the roughness levels of structural surfaces in the Bt‐horizons. An expected “smoothing” effect of burrow wall surfaces by earthworm activity was not reflected in the roughness values compared to those of uncoated cracks at the chosen spatial scale. However, for root channel walls from one loess‐Bt, the roughness was reduced as compared to that of other structures. These results suggest that the surface roughness of the structural surface types should separately be considered when describing preferential flow and macropore‐matrix exchange or analysing root growth, microbial habitats, and colloidal transport in structured soils. The confocal laser scanning microscopy technique was found useful for characterizing the roughness of intact structural surfaces.
Nocturia in Parkinson's Disease: Why Does It Occur and How to Manage?
Authors: Batla Amit , Phé Véronique , De Min Lorenzo , Panicker Jalesh N. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundNocturia is one of the commonest nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) and has a significant impact on quality of life both for patients and their carers. There exists a relation between nocturia and poor sleep quality, falls, and institutionalization. Nocturia may manifest as a result of reduced functional bladder capacity or nocturnal polyuria; however, most often the cause is multifactorial. Disorders of circadian rhythm regulation are known to occur with sleep disturbances inPDmay also contribute to nocturia.Methods and ResultsIn this review, an overview of the assessment and management of nocturia in patients withPDis presented. History taking, medication review, and a bladder diary form the cornerstone of the evaluation. Urinalysis, ultrasonography, and urodynamic studies help to assess the cause for lower urinary tract symptoms and exclude concomitant pathologies, such as bladder outlet obstruction. Antimuscarinic medications are the first‐line treatment for the overactive bladder; however, caution is needed when using these medications in individuals predisposed to cognitive impairment. Desmopressin is effective for managing nocturnal polyuria.ConclusionsAn individualized approach is recommended to optimize the management of nocturia inPD.
Comprehensive review of vascularized lymph node transfers for lymphedema: Outcomes and complications
Authors: Scaglioni Mario F. , Arvanitakis Michael , Chen Yen‐Chou , Giovanoli Pietro , Chia‐Shen Yang Johnson , Chang Edward I. 
Published: June 2016

IntroductionLymphedema remains a challenging clinical problem. A new field of lymphatic surgery using micro and super microsurgery techniques is a rapidly advancing field aimed to treat recalcitrant cases. The objective of this study was to evaluate outcomes and complications of vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT). Several early preliminary studies have reported promising outcomes, but they are limited by small numbers, short follow‐up, and are inconsistent in addressing the origin and recipient site of the transferred lymph nodes as well as the donor site morbidity.MethodsA review of literature was conducted using PubMed‐MEDLINE, EMBASE for key words vascularized lymph node transfer (also autologous, lymph node transplant). Only human studies were included.ResultsA total 24 studies encompassing 271 vascularized lymph node transfers were included. The inguinal nodes were the most commonly used donor site followed by the lateral thoracic lymph nodes. The lateral thoracic lymph nodes were the least effective and had the highest complication rates (27.5%) compared to other lymph node donor sites (inguinal: 10.3% and supraclavicular: 5.6%). Upper extremity lymphedema responded better compared to lower extremity (74.2 vs. 53.2%), but there was no difference in placing the lymph nodes more proximally versus distally on the extremity (proximal: 76.9% vs. distal: 80.4%).ConclusionVascularized lymph node transfer for lymphedema treatment is a promising operative technique showing beneficial results in early but also in advanced stage lymphedema. This physiologic surgical procedure should be included in a modern reconstructive concept for lymphedema treatment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 38:222–229, 2018.
Long‐chain monounsaturated fatty acid‐rich fish oil attenuates the development of atherosclerosis in mouse models
Authors: Yang Zhi‐Hong , Bando Masahiro , Sakurai Toshihiro , Chen Ye , Emma‐Okon Beatrice , Wilhite Bree , Fukuda Daiju , Vaisman Boris , Pryor Milton , Wakabayashi Yoshiyuki , Sampson Maureen , Yu Zu‐Xi , Sakurai Akiko , Zarzour Abdalrahman , Miyahara Hiroko , Takeo Jiro , Sakaue Hiroshi , Sata Masataka , Remaley Alan T. 
Published: June 2016

ScopeFish oil‐derived long‐chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFA) containing chain lengths longer than 18 were previously shown to improve cardiovascular disease risk factors in mice. However, it is not known if LCMUFA also exerts anti‐atherogenic effects. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of LCMUFA on the development of atherosclerosis in mouse models.Methods and resultsLDLR‐KO mice were fed Western diet supplemented with 2% (w/w) of either LCMUFA concentrate, olive oil, or not (control) for 12 wk. LCMUFA, but not olive oil, significantly suppressed the development of atherosclerotic lesions and several plasma inflammatory cytokine levels, although there were no major differences in plasma lipids between the three groups. At higher doses 5% (w/w) LCMUFA supplementation was observed to reduce pro‐atherogenic plasma lipoproteins and to also reduce atherosclerosis in ApoE‐KO mice fed a Western diet. RNA sequencing and subsequent qPCR analyses revealed that LCMUFA upregulated PPAR signaling pathways in liver. In cell culture studies, apoB‐depleted plasma from LDLR‐K mice fed LCMUFA showed greater cholesterol efflux from macrophage‐like THP‐1 cells and ABCA1‐overexpressing BHK cells.ConclusionOur research showed for the first time that LCMUFA consumption protects against diet‐induced atherosclerosis, possibly by upregulating the PPAR signaling pathway.
Different Pathways from Transformational Leadership to Job Satisfaction
Authors: Yıldız Izlem Gözükara , Şimşek Ömer Faruk 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTransformational leaders are known to inspire and motivate their followers, thereby leading to enhanced job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is an intellectual concept regarding individuals’ attitudes toward their jobs. This study asserts that the underlying mechanisms for transformational leadership to affect employee satisfaction are trust in the community, including the leader (that is, organization) and trust in the self, namely self‐efficacy. Leadership is specifically associated with continual transformations in the higher educational context, and collectivist cultures may manifest different processes underlying the transformational leadership–satisfaction relationship. This study investigated the mediating effects of trust and self‐efficacy on the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. The study sample included academicians from a nonprofit higher education institution in Turkey. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction is fully mediated by both trust and self‐efficacy. The mediator effect of trust was shown to be stronger than self‐efficacy, which is assumed to be the result of the cultural context. The results are discussed in the context of employee satisfaction and cultural determinants of employee satisfaction.
Acute phase proteins as promising biomarkers: Perspectives and limitations for human and veterinary medicine
Authors: Schrödl Wieland , Büchler Rita , Wendler Sindy , Reinhold Petra , Muckova Petra , Reindl Johanna , Rhode Heidrun 
Published: June 2016

Acute phase proteins (APPs) are highly conserved plasma proteins that are increasingly secreted by the liver in response to a variety of injuries, independently of their location and cause. APPs favor the systemic regulation of defense, coagulation, proteolysis, and tissue repair. Various APPs have been applied as general diagnostic parameters for a long time. Through proteomic techniques, more and more APPs have been discovered to be differentially altered. Since they are not consistently explainable by a stereotypic hepatic expression of sets of APPs, most of these results have unfortunately been neglected or attributed to the nonspecificity of the acute phase reaction.Moreover, it appears that various extrahepatic tissues are also able to express APPs. These extrahepatic APPs show focally specific roles in tissue homeostasis and repair and are released primarily into interstitial and distal fluids. Since these focal proteins might leak into the circulatory system, mixtures of hepatic and extrahepatic APP species can be expected in blood. Hence, a selective alteration of parts of APPs might be expected. There are several hints on multiple molecular forms and fragments of tissue‐derived APPs. These differences offer the chance for multiple selective determinations. Thus, specific proteoforms might indeed serve as tissue‐specific disease indicators.
Dowser++, a new method of hydrating protein structures
Authors: Morozenko A. , Stuchebrukhov A. A. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA new method of hydrating protein structures, which we call Dowser++, is presented. The method is based on a semi‐empirical modification of a popular program for protein hydration Dowser, and the usage of protocols AutoDock Vina, and WaterDock. The positions of water molecules predicted by Dowser++ were compared with experimental data for a set of 14 high‐resolution crystal structures of oligopeptide‐binding protein (OppA) containing a large number of resolved internal water molecules, as well as for the D‐ and K‐channels of cytochrome c oxidase, and the recent data on PSII. Comparison is also made with the predictions of the original Dowser, and its improved version, Dowser+, described in our previous publication. We also present a model for quantitative estimation of the quality of water molecules placement made by a program, which includes an assumption of possible false negative data from the crystallographic analysis. The comparison of predictions made by Dowser++, Dowser and Dowser+ demonstrates significant improvement of predictive power of the new method. Proteins 2016; 84:1347–1357. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, phase stability, structural, and physical properties of 11‐type iron chalcogenides
Authors: Rößler Sahana , Koz Cevriye , Wirth Steffen , Schwarz Ulrich 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis article reviews recent experimental investigations on two binary Fe‐chalcogenides: FeSe and FeTe. The main focus is on synthesis, single crystal growth, chemical composition, as well as on the effect of excess iron on structural, magnetic, and transport properties of these materials. The structurally simplest Fe‐based superconductor FeSe with a critical temperature 8.5 K undergoes a tetragonal to orthorhombic phase transition at a temperature 87 K. No long‐range magnetic order is observed down to the lowest measured temperature in FeSe. On the other hand, isostructural FeTe displays a complex interplay of magnetic and structural phase transitions in dependence on the tuning parameter such as excess amount of Fe or pressure, but it becomes a superconductor only when Te is substituted by a sufficient amount of Se. We summarize experimental evidence for different competing interactions and discuss related open questions.Single crystals of FeSe grown by chemical vapor transport
Political economy in Late and Terminal Classic Southeastern Mesoamerica: Putting the El Coyote copper smelting workshop in its regional context
Authors: Urban Patricia 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe Terminal Classic (ad 900–1050) was a time of great change in Southeastern Mesoamerica. In many zones, Late Classic large sites were abandoned at least in part, settlement patterns changed, and there were alterations in political economy. In this article, I examine one of the major changes, the development of copper smelting technology, at the site of El Coyote and place this development in the context of wider Southeastern Mesoamerica. In particular, I discuss the Middle Chamelecon–Cacaulapa area (MCC), where El Coyote is located; the Naco Valley, home to the major site of La Sierra; and the Middle Ulua–Jicatuyo drainage, where the site of Gualjoquito is found (Proyecto Santa Bárbara research zone). The three areas share some patterns but nonetheless have their own distinct trajectories of change, with El Coyote in the MCC standing out as the most unusual.
Concise Review: Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Novel Cell Therapy for Retinal and Central Nervous System Repair
Authors: Mead Ben , Logan Ann , Berry Martin , Leadbeater Wendy , Scheven Ben A. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are neural crest-derived ecto-mesenchymal stem cells that can relatively easily and non-invasively be isolated from the dental pulp of extracted postnatal and adult teeth. Accumulating evidence suggests that DPSC have great promise as a cellular therapy for central nervous system (CNS) and retinal injury and disease. The mode of action by which DPSC confer therapeutic benefit may comprise multiple pathways, in particular, paracrine-mediated processes which involve a wide array of secreted trophic factors and is increasingly regarded as the principal predominant mechanism. In this concise review, we present the current evidence for the use of DPSC to repair CNS damage, including recent findings on retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection and regeneration in optic nerve injury and glaucoma.
Alphabet‐Inspired Design of (Hetero)Aromatic Push–Pull Chromophores
Authors: Klikar Milan , Solanke Parmeshwar , Tydlitát Jiří , Bureš Filip 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPush–pull molecules represent a unique and fascinating class of organic π‐conjugated materials. Herein, we provide a summary of their recent extraordinary design inspired by letters of the alphabet, especially focusing on H‐, L‐, T‐, V‐, X‐, and Y‐shaped molecules. Representative structures from each class were presented and their fundamental properties and prospective applications were discussed. In particular, emphasis is given to molecules recently prepared in our laboratory with T‐, X‐, and Y‐shaped arrangements based on indan‐1,3‐dione, benzene, pyridine, pyrazine, imidazole, and triphenylamine. These push–pull molecules turned out to be very efficient charge‐transfer chromophores with tunable properties suitable for second‐order nonlinear optics, two‐photon absorption, reversible pH‐induced and photochromic switching, photocatalysis, and intercalation.image
Context Matters: Expatriates’ Adjustment and Contact with Host Country Nationals in Luxembourg
Authors: Langinier Hélène , Froehlicher Thomas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe examine the role context plays in expatriates’ adjustment, specifically the extent of expatriates’ contact with locals. We take data from 20 semistructured interviews with Luxembourgers, international executives settled in Luxembourg for more than ten years, 20 with firm‐assigned and self‐initiated expatriates in Luxembourg, 20 with international executives in five other financial centers (Zurich, Singapore, London, Frankfurt, and Paris), and four with expatriates’ leaders in Luxembourg. Drawing on social learning theory, we show that in the highly international context of a Big Four firm in Luxembourg, expatriates interact mostly with their international counterparts, feel they meet the demands of their host environment, learn appropriate behavior from their fellow expatriates, and see little need to interact with locals. Our results suggest that the stress the current literature lays on the importance of relationships with locals for expatriates’ adjustment is context bound and that in more international contexts, relationships with locals may be of less importance. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Technical impacts of high penetration levels of wind power on power system stability
Authors: Flynn D. , Rather Z. , Ardal A. , D'Arco S. , Hansen A.D. , Cutululis N.A. , Sorensen P. , Estanquiero A. , Gómez E. , Menemenlis N. , Smith C. , Wang Ye 
Published: June 2016

With increasing penetrations of wind generation, based on power‐electronic converters, power systems are transitioning away from well‐understood synchronous generator‐based systems, with growing implications for their stability. Issues of concern will vary with system size, wind penetration level, geographical distribution and turbine type, network topology, electricity market structure, unit commitment procedures, and other factors. However, variable‐speed wind turbines, both onshore and connected offshore through DC grids, offer many control opportunities to either replace or enhance existing capabilities. Achieving a complete understanding of future stability issues, and ensuring the effectiveness of new measures and policies, is an iterative procedure involving portfolio development and flexibility assessment, generation cost simulations, load flow, and security analysis, in addition to the stability analysis itself, while being supported by field demonstrations and real‐world model validation. WIREs Energy Environ 2017, 6:e216. doi: 10.1002/wene.216This article is categorized under:

Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Infrastructure > Systems and Infrastructure