bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyrophosphate‐Imprinted Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Microspheres for Recognition, Enrichment and MS Detection of Phosphopeptides
Authors: Lv Nan , Zhang Jilin , Li Guangming , Wang Xun , Ni Jiazuan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProtein phosphorylation is one of the most important post‐translational modifications involved in the regulation of various cellular processes. Selective capture of phosphopeptides from complex biological samples is essential prior to mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of protein phosphorylation. Herein, pyrophosphate‐imprinted magnetic affinity microspheres composed of a magnetic Fe3O4 core and pyrophosphate‐imprinted mesoporous silica shell have been facilely synthesized through the combination of a surfactant‐templated sol–gel process and a dual‐template docking oriented molecular imprinting process. They have a relatively large specific surface area (142.1 m2 g−1) and superparamagnetism with a saturation magnetization (Ms) value (66.54 emu g−1). In virtue of their selective affinity with molecular recognition, porous structure and strong magnetism, they can realize the rapid and effective purification of phosphopeptides from real biosamples for MS analysis. These results reveal that this work will be beneficial for future applications in the fast magnetic isolation and specific identification of phosphorylated biomolecules.
ESP‐Promoted Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling and Peptide Bond Formation Reactions in Water at Room Temperature
Authors: Konwar Manashjyoti , Boruah Preeti Rekha , Saikia Prakash J. , Khupse Nageshewar D. , Sarma Diganta 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA potential green protocol for C−C and C−N bond formation reactions in aqueous medium promoted by basic waste biomass has been developed. The protocol involves the use of Egg Shell Powder (ESP) in water as a green heterogeneous reaction media which is basic in nature and offers a mild, resourceful and inexpensive alternative to the conventional protocols for palladium catalyzed C−C (Suzuki‐Miyaura) and C−N (Peptide coupling) bond formation reactions. The reactions proceeded in basic ESP medium in air at short reaction time at room temperature under ‘external base/external promoter/ligand/organic solvent’ free conditions.
Genome‐scale metabolic models applied to human health and disease
Authors: Cook Daniel J , Nielsen Jens 
Published: June 2017

Advances in genome sequencing, high throughput measurement of gene and protein expression levels, data accessibility, and computational power have allowed genome‐scale metabolic models (GEMs) to become a useful tool for understanding metabolic alterations associated with many different diseases. Despite the proven utility of GEMs, researchers confront multiple challenges in the use of GEMs, their application to human health and disease, and their construction and simulation in an organ‐specific and disease‐specific manner. Several approaches that researchers are taking to address these challenges include using proteomic and transcriptomic‐informed methods to build GEMs for individual organs, diseases, and patients and using constraints on model behavior during simulation to match observed metabolic fluxes. We review the challenges facing researchers in the use of GEMs, review the approaches used to address these challenges, and describe advances that are on the horizon and could lead to a better understanding of human metabolism. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2017, 9:e1393. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1393This article is categorized under:

Analytical and Computational Methods > Computational Methods
Biological Mechanisms > Metabolism
Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Organ, Tissue, and Physiological Models
Consumption of antibiotics by children in Greece
Authors: Maltezou Helena C. , Dedoukou Xanthi , Asimaki Hara , Kontou Ioanna , Ioannidou Loukia , Mitromara Konstantina , Theodoridou Kalliopi , Katerelos Panos , Theodoridou Maria 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Greece is among the European countries with the highest consumption of antibiotics.

Objectives:
To study the rates and characteristics of consumption of antibiotics in the community by children in Greece.

Methods:
Questionnaire-based study of parents of hospitalized children.

Results:
A total of 549 children were studied; 247 (45%) received at least one course of antibiotics the previous year (mean number of antibiotic courses the past year: 1.9), including 427 (91.8%) following examination by a pediatrician, 6 (1.3%) following phone consultation, 2 (0.4%) following suggestion by a pharmacist and 2 (0.4%) as self-medication. Prevalent reasons for antibiotic consumption were acute otitis media (AOM) (27.3%), pharyngotonsillitiss (25.4%), and bronchitis (17.8%). Amoxicillin-clavulanate was the prevalent antibiotic for pharyngotonsillitis, urinary tract infection (UTI) and skin infection (30.5%, 35.7% and 36.4% of cases, respectively), amoxicillin for AOM and pneumonia (32.3% and 36.4% of cases, respectively), and clarithromycin for bronchitis (27.7%). We found 84.3%, 81.9%, 64.3%, 63.7%, and 50% of parents reporting treatment consisted with the national guidelines for AOM, pneumonia, UTI, skin infection, and pharyngotonsillitis, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, an age of 1–5 years and asthma were significantly associated with a higher probability for antibiotic consumption.

Conclusions:
Antibiotic consumption of children in Greece is mainly driven by pediatricians. Continuing medical education is expected to further improve antibiotic prescription practices by pediatricians.
∊-constraint heat transfer search (∊-HTS) algorithm for solving multi-objective engineering design problems
Authors: Tawhid Mohamed A. , Savsani Vimal 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this paper, an effective ∊-constraint heat transfer search (∊-HTS) algorithm for the multi-objective engineering design problems is presented. This algorithm is developed to solve multi-objective optimization problems by evaluating a set of single objective sub-problems. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is checked by implementing it on multi-objective benchmark problems that have various characteristics of Pareto front such as discrete, convex, and non-convex. This algorithm is also tested for several distinctive multi-objective engineering design problems, such as four bar truss problem, gear train problem, multi-plate disc brake design, speed reducer problem, welded beam design, and spring design problem. Moreover, the numerical experimentation shows that the proposed algorithm generates the solution to represent true Pareto front.
Highlights A novel multi-objective optimization (MOO) algorithm is proposed. Proposed algorithm is presented to obtain the Pareto-optimal solutions. The multi-objective optimization algorithm compared with other work in the literature. Test performance of proposed algorithm on MOO benchmark/design engineering problems.
Access, Education and Policy Awareness: Predictors of Influenza Vaccine Acceptance Among VHA Healthcare Workers
Authors: Eaton Jennifer Lipkowitz , Mohr David C. , McPhaul Kathleen M. , Kaslow Richard A. , Martinello Richard A. 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVETo identify predictors of influenza vaccine acceptance among VHA healthcare workers (HCWs), with emphasis on modifiable factors related to promotion campaigns.DESIGNSurvey.SETTINGNational single-payer healthcare system with 140 hospitals and 321,000 HCWs.PARTICIPANTSNational voluntary sample of HCWs in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) system.METHODSWe invited a random sample of 5% of all VHA HCWs to participate. An 18-item intranet-based survey inquired about occupation, vaccination status, employer policy, and local campaign efforts.RESULTSThe response rate was 17.4%. Of 2,502 initial respondents, 2,406 (96.2%) provided usable data. This sample includes respondents from all 140 VA hospitals. Self-reported influenza vaccination rates were highest among physicians (95.6%) and licensed independent providers (88.3%). Nonclinical staff (80.7%) reported vaccine uptake similar to other certified but nonlicensed providers (81.2%). The strongest predictor of vaccine acceptance among VHA HCWs was individual awareness of organizational policy. Vaccine acceptance was also higher among HCWs who reported more options for access to vaccination and among those in facilities with more education activities.CONCLUSIONSInfluenza vaccine acceptance varied significantly by employee awareness of employer policy and on-site access to vaccine. Employer-sponsored activities to increase access continue to show positive returns across occupations. Local influenza campaign efforts to educate HCWs may have reached saturation in this target group. These results suggest that focused communications to increase HCW awareness and understanding of employer policy can drive further increase in influenza vaccination acceptance.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:970–975
RELATIVE PERFORMANCE OF BORON, SULPHUR AND ZINC COATINGS ONTO PRILLED UREA FOR INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY IN MAIZE
Authors: POONIYA VIJAY , SHIVAY YASHBIR SINGH , PAL MADAN , BANSAL RADHIKA 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYDeficiencies of micro (Zn, B) and secondary (S) nutrients are well-documented in soil as well as in cereal crops, leading to decreased crop yields and low nutritional quality of food. We evaluated the effects of coated urea on maize yield, N and Zn uptake, and input cost relationships. Field experiments were conducted on maize to test boron-coated (BCU), sulphur-coated (SCU) and zinc-coated urea (ZnCU) during 2013 and 2014. On the basis of 2 years’ average data, the highest grain yield was achieved with 0.5% BCU, 5% SCU and 2.5% ZnCU as zinc sulphate hepta hydrate. These treatments increased yields by 5.4, 12.8 and 9.9% over prilled urea (PU), respectively. Application of 0.5% BCU (supplying 1.4 kg B ha−1), 5% SCU (supplying 14.1 kg S ha−1) and 2.5% ZnCU (supplying 7.05 kg Zn ha−1) registered the highest N concentrations and uptake in grain and stover. Total N uptake (grain + stover) was increased by 7.6, 16.7 and 17.1% with BCU, SCU and ZnCU treatments over PU. As compared to PU, Zn concentration in maize grain was significantly higher and total Zn uptake (grain + stover) increased by 32.4% with 2.5% ZnCU. Coated urea materials also enhanced the partial factor productivity (PFPN), agronomic efficiency (AEN), recovery efficiency (REN) and harvest index (HIN) over those of PU. From the economic viewpoint this study suggests that coating of urea with 0.3% boron, 5% sulphur or 2% zinc gives maximum net returns and benefit-cost ratio. Our data indicate that coating of B, Zn and S onto urea increases maize yield, profitability and nitrogen use efficiency in the western Indo-Gangetic plains of India.
The impact of traumatic stress on Pavlovian biases
Authors: Ousdal O. T. , Huys Q. J. , Milde A. M. , Craven A. R. , Ersland L. , Endestad T. , Melinder A. , Hugdahl K. , Dolan R. J. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundDisturbances in Pavlovian valuation systems are reported to follow traumatic stress exposure. However, motivated decisions are also guided by instrumental mechanisms, but to date the effect of traumatic stress on these instrumental systems remain poorly investigated. Here, we examine whether a single episode of severe traumatic stress influences flexible instrumental decisions through an impact on a Pavlovian system.MethodsTwenty-six survivors of the 2011 Norwegian terror attack and 30 matched control subjects performed an instrumental learning task in which Pavlovian and instrumental associations promoted congruent or conflicting responses. We used reinforcement learning models to infer how traumatic stress affected learning and decision-making. Based on the importance of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) for cognitive control, we also investigated if individual concentrations of Glx (=glutamate + glutamine) in dACC predicted the Pavlovian bias of choice.ResultsSurvivors of traumatic stress expressed a greater Pavlovian interference with instrumental action selection and had significantly lower levels of Glx in the dACC. Across subjects, the degree of Pavlovian interference was negatively associated with dACC Glx concentrations.ConclusionsExperiencing traumatic stress appears to render instrumental decisions less flexible by increasing the susceptibility to Pavlovian influences. An observed association between prefrontal glutamatergic levels and this Pavlovian bias provides novel insight into the neurochemical basis of decision-making, and suggests a mechanism by which traumatic stress can impair flexible instrumental behaviours.
HOSPITAL-BASED HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN BRAZIL: AN OVERVIEW OF THE INITIAL EXPERIENCES
Authors: Pereira Claudia Cristina de Aguiar , Rabello Renata dos Santos , Elias Flávia Tavares Silva 
Published: June 2017

Objectives: Hospital-based health technology assessment (HTA) has become increasingly important in Brazil due to its strategic importance to promote adoption, incorporation, dissemination, and disinvestment of technologies. A strategy to foster hospital-based HTA was implemented in 2009 by creating hospital-based HTA nuclei (NATS) at university hospitals and other strategic hospitals.Methods: Between 2011 and 2012, we interviewed board members in twenty-three NATS located in all geographic regions of Brazil to assess their general characteristics, scientific output, and challenges.Results: Of the total, 65 percent of the NATS belonged to teaching institutions, with 44 percent associated with federal universities. The bulk of their output was in the form of mini-HTA reports. Centers in the Southeast and South of Brazil had the highest production compared with other regions. Lack of expertise and low levels of advanced training were identified as limiting factors in the majority of centers.Conclusions: The experience of the initial twenty-three NATS could be considered positive and has led to the creation of new ones around Brazil. Regional disparities in workload, production, and technical training should be targeted by new policies toward hospital-based HTA in Brazil. The limits and possibilities for intensifying the strategy relate to continuous investment in priority studies, which simultaneously, allow professionals who work in hospitals to receive continued education and produce relevant HTA work in a timely manner.
Fifty Years of Collecting: The Sale of Ancient Maya Antiquities at Sotheby’s
Authors: Tremain Cara Grace 
Published: June 2017

Abstract:Pre-Columbian antiquities, particularly those from the Maya region, are highly sought after on the international art market. Large auction houses such as Sotheby’s have dedicated pre-Columbian departments and annual auctions, for which sales catalogues are created. These catalogues offer insight into market trends and allow the volume of antiquities being bought and sold to be monitored. The following study records the public sale of Maya antiquities at Sotheby’s over a period slightly exceeding 50 years from 1963 to 2016. More than 3,500 artifacts were offered for sale during this period, of which more than 80 percent did not have associated provenance information. The data suggests that the volume of Maya antiquities offered for sale at Sotheby’s public auctions have been steadily decreasing since the 1980s, but their relative value has increased. Quantitative studies of auction sales such as this one can be useful in monitoring the market for illegal antiquities and forgeries.
The use of nesiritide in patients with critical cardiac disease
Authors: Bronicki Ronald A. , Domico Michele , Checchia Paul A. , Kennedy Curtis E. , Akcan-Arikan Ayse 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated the use of nesiritide in children with critical CHD, pulmonary congestion, and inadequate urine output despite undergoing conventional diuretic therapy.DesignWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 11 patients with critical CHD, comprising 18 infusions, each of which occurred during separate hospitalisations. Haemodynamic parameters were assessed, and the stage of acute kidney injury was determined before and throughout the duration of therapy using a standardised definition of acute kidney injury – The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria.PatientsChildren with critical CHD, pulmonary congestion, and inadequate urinary output despite undergoing diuretic therapy were included.Measurements and main resultsThe use of nesiritide was associated with a significant decrease in the maximum and minimum heart rate values and with a trend towards a significant decrease in maximum systolic blood pressure and maximum and minimum central venous pressures. Urine output increased but was not significant. Serum creatinine levels decreased significantly during the course of therapy (−0.26 mg/dl [−0.50, 0.0], p=0.02), and the number of patients who experienced a decrease in the stage of acute kidney injury of 2 or more – where a change in the stage of acute kidney disease of 2 or more was possible, that is, baseline stage >1 – was highly significant (five of 12 patients, 42%, p<0.001).ConclusionsNesiritide had a favourable impact on haemodynamics, and its use was not associated with deterioration of renal function in patients with critical CHD.
The search for isolated BH candidates based on kinematics of pulsars - their former companions in disrupted binaries
Authors: Chmyreva E. , Beskin G. , Dyachenko V. , Karpov S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe propose searching for isolated stellar-mass black hole (BH) candidates based on the fact that more than 50% of radio pulsars have originated in binary systems, where the other component could have evolved into a BH prior to the second supernova event of the system, which caused its disruption. We selected isolated, relatively young radio pulsars with known parallaxes and proper motions and traced their trajectories back to their presumed birth locations. These locations were then analyzed for possible BH candidates based on the available positional, photometric, and spectral data. We present the first results for 2 pulsars, J0139+5814 and J0922+0638. Seven BH candidates were selected for further analysis.
Star Formation Close to Sgr A* and Beyond the Nuclear Cluster
Authors: Yusef-Zadeh Farhad , Wardle Mark 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTwo modes of star formation are involved to explain the origin of young stars near Sgr A*. One is a disk-based mode, which explains the disk of stars orbiting Sgr A*. The other is the standard cloud-based mode observed in the Galactic disk. We discuss each of these modes of star formation and apply these ideas to the inner few parsecs of Sgr A*. In particular, we focus on the latter mode in more detail. We also discuss how the tidal force exerted by the nuclear cluster makes the Roche density approaching zero and contributes to the collapse of molecular clouds located tens of parsecs away from Sgr A*.
Two optical emission components with different variability in V404 Cygni
Authors: Tachibana Yutaro , Yoshii Taketoshi , Kawai Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractV404 Cygni went into an outburst again on June 15, 2015 after 26 years of quietness. Soon after the notifications, we started intense optical observation campaign of this source. The spectral index between RC and IC-band was stable over the outburst, whereas that between g′ and RC-band varied violently. With the time domain analysis of the multi-color optical light curves, we successfully decomposed optical variations into three components: highly-variable component (HVC), little-variable component (LVC). The loci of the LVC in the color-color diagram is consistent with that of a single temperature blackbody radiation or a multi-color blackbody radiation from a standard accretion disk, while those of the HVC trace that of power-law spectra.
A Statistical Method for Detecting Gravitational Recoils of Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Raffai P. , Bécsy B. , Haiman Z. , Frei Z. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe propose an observational test for gravitationally recoiling supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei, based on a positive correlation between the velocities of black holes relative to their host galaxies, |Δv|, and their obscuring dust column densities, Σdust, both measured along the line of sight. Our findings using a set of toy models implemented to a Monte Carlo simulation imply that models of the galactic centre and of recoil dynamics can be tested by future observations of the potential Σdust–|Δv| correlation. We have also found that the fraction of obscured quasars decreases with |Δv|, for which the predicted trend can be compared to the observed fraction of type II quasars, and can further test combinations of models we may implement.
Spatial Distribution of the Gamma-ray Bursts and the Cosmological Principle
Authors: Mészáros Attila 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Cosmological Principle claims that in the large scale average the visible parts of the universe are isotropic and homogeneous. In year 1998 the author, together with his two colleagues, discovered that the BATSE’s short gamma-ray bursts are not distributed isotropically on the sky. This first discovery was followed by other ones confirming both the existence of anisotropies in the angular distribution of bursts and the existence of huge Gpc structures in the spatial distribution. All this means that these anisotropies should reject the Cosmological Principle, because the large scale averaging hardly can be provided. This was claimed in year 2009. The aim of this contribution is to survey these publications since 1998 till today.
Untriggered search for rapid optical transients with Mini-MegaTORTORA wide-field monitoring system
Authors: Karpov S. , Beskin G. , Biryukov A. , Bondar S. , Ivanov E. , Katkova E. , Orekhova N. , Perkov A. , Sasyuk V. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHere we report ongoing efforts for an untriggered search of rapid optical transients of various astrophysical and non-astrophysical origins on time scales down to fractions of a second with Mini-MegaTORTORA. Mini-MegaTORTORA is a novel 9-channel wide-field optical monitoring system in operation since 2014 at Special Astrophysical Observatory on Russian Caucasus.
Observational View of Magnetic Fields in Active Galactic Nuclei Jets
Authors: Hovatta Talvikki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAccording to the currently favored picture, relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei (AGN) are launched in the vicinity of the black hole by magnetic fields extracting energy from the spinning black hole or the accretion disk. In the past decades, various models from shocks to magnetic reconnection have been proposed as the energy dissipation mechanism in the jets. This paper presents a short review on how linear polarization observations can be used to constrain the magnetic field structure in the jets of AGN, and how the observations can be used to constrain the various emission models.
Explosive nucleosynthesis in tidal disruption events of massive white dwarfs, and their debris
Authors: Tanikawa Ataru , Sato Yushi , Nomoto Ken’ichi , Maeda Keiichi , Nakasato Naohito , Hachisu Izumi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe perform SPH simulations coupled with nuclear reactions to follow tidal disruption events (TDEs) of white dwarfs (WDs) by intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs). We consider an oxygen-neon-magnesium (ONeMg) WD with 1.2M⊙ as well as a helium (He) WD with 0.3M⊙, and a carbon-oxygen (CO) WD with 0.6M⊙. Our WD models have different numbers of SPH particles, N, up to a few 10 million. We find that nucleosynthesis does not converge against N even for N > 107. For all the WDs, the amount of radioactive nuclei, such as 56Ni, decreases with increasing N. Nuclear reactions might be extinguished for infinitely large N. Our results show that these kinds of TDEs, if solely powered by radioactive decays, are much dimmer optical transients similar to Type Ia supernovae as previously suggested.