bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communication as Healing Art in Caring for Persons with Alzheimer's and Dementia
Authors: Hanna Kimberly Joyce , Jared Barbara , Langford Matthew , Rodoli Waldhys J. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT:
Communication is an essential aspect of care for all patients but is especially important for individuals with Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia. Nurses who care for persons living with dementia (PwD), as well as family members and caregivers, need understanding of verbal and nonverbal communication techniques and approaches that are effective throughout the stages of dementia. Spiritual assessment and care also are critical. This article provides evidence-based and biblical examples for communication as a healing art in caring for PwD.
Covenantal Care
Authors: Wolfs Dorolen 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT:
With resources stretched thin and the growing risk of compassion fatigue, faith beliefs can offer enriching perspectives for nurses. Covenantal care is a nursing approach rooted in theological insights about humanity's inherent purpose to engage in relationship with God and actively participate in acts of love and justice. Based upon interpretations of Judeo-Christian teachings of imago Dei and God's covenant with humankind, this approach provides guidance for the nurse to care for self, patients, and the wider community. This exploration of theology-in-practice provides an orientating ethos for nurses that reflects the loving, restorative, and dignified care that is at the heart of the Christian faith.
What do Adjunct Nursing Instructors Want?
Authors: Michael Allie , Clark Terri A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT:
Adjunct nursing instructors (ANIs) are used to meet the needs of nursing education programs, but challenges of adjusting to unfamiliar academic settings often lead to poor job satisfaction and low retention of ANIs. The Adjunct Instructor Survey (Milliken & Jurgens, 2008) was used to query 25 ANIs regarding the importance and availability of support services pre-COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic. Mentoring was identified as most important pre- and post-pandemic, with a reported decrease in mentoring opportunities post-pandemic. Developing quality mentoring programs for ANIs needs to be a priority.
Answering the Call
Authors: Digges JeanMarie , Gutierrez de Blume Antonio P. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT:
Global migration significantly impacts demographic patterns in the United States, intensifying the need for nurses to deliver culturally competent healthcare to refugees, immigrants, and migrants. By integrating global service-learning (GSL) into nursing curricula, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of GSL benefits in fostering effective intercultural communication, cultural humility, spiritual growth, and global health knowledge among nursing students. The findings suggest that GSL enhances the educational experience and equips nurses with the skills necessary to address the complex needs of a diverse patient population.
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty in Patients With Hemophilia A: Greater Odds of Postoperative Bleeding and Thromboembolic Events but No Difference in 5-year Implant Survival
Authors: Gillinov Stephen M. , Modrak Maxwell , Park Nancy , Monahan Peter F. , Wilhelm Christopher V. , Lee Michael S. , Mahatme Ronak J. , Fong Scott , Moran Jay , Grauer Jonathan N. , Jimenez Andrew E. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Patients with hemophilia A can develop joint hemarthroses, degenerative changes, and eventually undergo total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Few data exist concerning complications and prosthesis survival after TSA in this population.

Questions/purposes
(1) Is hemophilia A associated with more bleeding and thromboembolic adverse events after TSA relative to matched controls? (2) Is 5-year TSA prosthesis survival reduced in patients with hemophilia A compared with matched controls?

Methods
The 2010 to 2022 PearlDiver M161 database was used to identify patients who underwent primary anatomic or reverse TSA. Given that the X-linked recessive condition hemophilia A presents nearly exclusively in males, male patients with hemophilia A who underwent TSA were matched 1:10 with male patients without hemophilia who underwent TSA based on age and Elixhauser comorbidity index (ECI). This yielded 73 patients with hemophilia A who underwent TSA who were matched 1:10 with 729 patients without hemophilia. Ninety-day adverse events were compared with multivariable analysis. Revision within 5 years was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results
Compared with the control cohort, patients with hemophilia had greater odds of bleeding issues (hematoma, OR 6.8 [95% CI 3.0 to 15.3]; p < 0.001; anemia, OR 2.5 [95% CI 1.5 to 4.2]; p < 0.001, transfusion, OR 5.0 [95% CI 2.4 to 10.3]; p < 0.001), venous thromboembolic events (VTE) (OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.1 to 3.1]; p = 0.01), and prosthetic loosening (OR 3.5 [95% CI 1.4 to 8.0]; p = 0.004). Based on available data, 5-year implant survival was not different in patients with hemophilia (97.3% [95% CI 93.6% to 100.0%]) relative to matched controls (95.2% [95% CI 93.4% to 97.2%]; p = 0.60).

Conclusion
The elevated risks of both 90-day bleeding complications (hematoma, anemia, and transfusion) and VTE (DVT and PE) in patients with hemophilia emphasize the special challenges of carefully balancing factor replacement and VTE prophylaxis pre-, intra-, and postoperatively on an individual patient basis with careful hematologist coordination. Further study on Factor VIII levels and targets as well as tranexamic acid and VTE prophylaxis in this population is necessary to provide further guidance. Furthermore, 5-year implant survival was not different between patients with hemophilia and matched controls (patients without hemophilia) based on available data, suggesting that TSA survivorship remains durable and may be offered to patients in this population as indicated.

Level of Evidence
Level III, therapeutic study.
755-nm Picosecond Laser With Diffractive Lens Array for Acne Scars in Fitzpatrick Skin Types V and VI
Authors: Tao Joy , Hashemi David A. , Bajaj Shirin , Wang Jordan V. , Geronemus Roy G. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Patients commonly complain about the appearance of acne scars. While various lasers and energy-based devices can offer clinical improvement, many of them are limited in treating patients with skin of color. Concerns exist regarding efficacy and safety, including risks of scarring, prolonged dyspigmentation, necrosis, and burns.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the utility of a 755-nm picosecond laser with fractionated lens array in improving the clinical appearance of acne scars in patients with Fitzpatrick skin types V and VI.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A prospective clinical study investigated this laser using up to 5 monthly treatments.

RESULTS
Twenty-four subjects were enrolled, while 17 subjects completed a 3-month follow-up. The mean age was 33.9 years, and 95.8% of the subjects were women. Fitzpatrick skin types V and VI were represented. Assessments compared baseline to 3-month follow-up. Two of the 3 blinded reviewers agreed on identifying pretreatment and post-treatment photographs for 82.4% of the cases. For physician Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, 100% of the subjects had clinical improvement. Overall, 94.1% of subjects were satisfied with their treatment. No serious or unanticipated adverse events occurred.

CONCLUSION
A 755-nm picosecond laser with fractionated lens array can safely and effectively improve acne scars in patients with Fitzpatrick skin types V and VI.
Stretch-induced hepatic endothelial mechanocrine promotes hepatocyte proliferation
Authors: Wu Yi , Li Linda , Li Wang , Li Ning , Zhang Xiaoyu , Zheng Lu , Zhong Shaoyu , Lü Shouqin , Shu Xinyu , Zhou Jin , Ai Ding , Gao Ming , Liu Sijin , Lü Dongyuan , Long Mian 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
Partial hepatectomy–induced liver regeneration causes the increase in relative blood flow rate within the liver, which dilates hepatic sinusoids and applies mechanical stretch on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor is a crucial growth factor during liver regeneration. We aimed to investigate whether this sinusoidal dilation–induced stretch promotes HB-EGF secretion in LSECs and what the related molecular mechanism is.

Approach and Results:

In vivo partial hepatectomy, ex vivo liver perfusion, and in vitro LSEC mechanical stretch were applied to detect HB-EGF expression in LSECs and hepatocyte proliferation. Knockdown or inhibition of mechanosensitive proteins was used to unravel the molecular mechanism in response to stretch. This stretch triggers amplitude-dependent and duration-dependent HB-EGF upregulation in LSECs, which is mediated by Yes-associated protein (YAP) nuclear translocation and binding to TEA domain family. This YAP translocation is achieved in 2 ways: On one hand, F-actin polymerization–mediated expansion of nuclear pores promotes YAP entry into nucleus passively. On the other hand, F-actin polymerization upregulates the expression of BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 3, which binds with YAP to enter the nucleus cooperatively. In this process, β1-integrin serves as a target mechanosensory in stretch-induced signaling pathways. This HB-EGF secretion–promoted liver regeneration after 2/3 partial hepatectomy is attenuated in endothelial cell–specific Yap1-deficient mice.

Conclusions:
Our findings indicate that mechanical stretch–induced HB-EGF upregulation in LSECs through YAP translocation can promote hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration through a mechanocrine manner, which deepens the understanding of the mechanical-biological coupling in liver regeneration.
Efficacy and safety of infliximab in patients with autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Efe Cumali , Lytvyak Ellina , Eşkazan Tuğçe , Liberal Rodrigo , Androutsakos Theodoros , Turan Gökçe Dilara , Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli Benedetta , Janik Maciej , Bernsmeier Christine , Arvaniti Pinelopi , Milkiewicz Piotr , Batibay Ersin , Yüksekyayla Osman , Ergenç Ilkay , Arikan Çiğdem , Stättermayer Albert F. , Barutçu Sezgin , Cengiz Mustafa , Gül Özlem , Heurgue Alexandra , Heneghan Michael A. , Verma Sumita , Purnak Tuğrul , Törüner Murat , Akdogan Kayhan Meral , Hatemi Ibrahim , Zachou Kalliopi , Macedo Guilherme , Drenth Joost P. H. , Björnsson Einar , Montano-Loza Aldo J. , Wahlin Staffan , Higuera-de la Tijera Fatima 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
A limited number of drugs are used as standard or alternative therapies in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). No specific recommendations are available for patients failing to respond to these therapies. We analyzed the efficacy and safety of infliximab in patients with AIH.

Approach and Results:
We performed a retrospective study of 42 patients with AIH who received infliximab at 21 liver centers in 12 countries. Patients were categorized according to the reason for infliximab therapy. Patients in group 1 (n=20) had failed standard, second-line (mycophenolate mofetil and 6-mercaptopurine) or third-line (tacrolimus or cyclosporine) therapy. In group 2 (n=22), infliximab was given for treatment of concomitant extrahepatic autoimmune diseases. Patients received a median of 17 (range: 3–104) infliximab infusions. Complete biochemical response (CR) was achieved or maintained in 33 (78%) patients during infliximab therapy. In group 1, infliximab induced CR in 11 of 20 (55%) patients. In group 2, 16 patients with CR prior to infliximab maintained remission, and the remaining 6 patients with active AIH (5 on standard and 1 on both second-line and third-line therapy) showed CR following infliximab therapy. Infliximab led to CR in 75% (6/8) of nonresponders to second-line and in 46% (6/13) of failing third-line therapy. Overall, 65% (17/26) of the patients with active AIH achieved CR on infliximab. Infliximab was discontinued in 3 patients of group 1. One patient had a severe allergic reaction and 2 developed anti-infliximab autoantibodies.

Conclusions:
Our study suggests that infliximab may be an effective and safe rescue therapy in AIH.
Associations between PM2.5 and its chemical constituents and blood pressure: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dong Shu , Yu Bin , Yin Chun , Li Yuchen , Zhong Wenling , Feng Chuanteng , Lin Xi , Qiao Xu , Yin Yanrong , Wang Zihang , Chen Tiehui , Liu Hongyun , Jia Peng , Li Xiaoqing , Yang Shujuan 
Published: September 2024

Objectives:
To investigate the associations between PM2.5 and its chemical constituents with blood pressure (BP), assess effects across BP quantiles, and identify the key constituent elevating BP.

Methods:
A total of 36 792 adults were included in the cross-sectional study, representing 25 districts/counties of southeast China. Quantile regression models were applied to estimate the associations of PM2.5 and its chemical constituents (ammonium [NH4
+], nitrate [NO3
−], sulfate [SO4
2−], black carbon [BC], organic matter [OM]) with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean artery pressure (MAP). A weighted quantile sum (WQS) index was used to estimate the relative importance of each PM2.5 chemical constituent to the joint effect on BP.

Results:
The adverse effects of each interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5, NH4
+, NO3
−, SO4
2−, and BC on BP were found to be greater with elevated BP, especially when SBP exceeded 133 mmHg and DBP exceeded 82 mmHg. Each IQR increase in all five PM2.5 chemical constituents was associated with elevated SBP (β [95% CI]: 0.90 [0.75, 1.05]), DBP (β: 0.44 [0.34, 0.53]), and MAP (β: 0.57 [0.45, 0.69]), NH4
+ (for SBP: weight = 99.43%; for DBP: 12.78%; for MAP: 60.73%) and BC (for DBP: 87.06%; for MAP: 39.07%) predominantly influencing these effects. The joint effect of PM2.5 chemical constituents on risks for elevated SBP and DBP exhibited an upward trend from the 70th quantile (SBP exceeded 133 mmHg, DBP exceeded 82 mmHg).

Conclusion:
Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its chemical constituents was associated with increased risk for elevated BP, with NH4
+ and BC being the main contributors, and such associations were significantly stronger at 70th to 90th quantiles (SBP exceeded 133 mmHg, DBP exceeded 82 mmHg).
Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality outcomes of adrenalectomy versus medical treatment in primary aldosteronism: an umbrella review
Authors: Nayak Sandeep S. , Amini-Salehi Ehsan , Joukar Farahnaz , Biswas Pubali , Nobakht Sara , Letafatkar Negin , Porteghali Parham , Mohammadi-Vajari Erfan , Mansour-ghanaei Fariborz , Javid Mona , Mirdamadi Arian , Ameen Daniyal , Motamed Behrang , Hassanipour Soheil , Keivanlou Mohammad-Hossein 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is now recognized as the most prevalent form of secondary hypertension globally, contributing significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This umbrella review aims to systematically compare cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in PA patients undergoing adrenalectomy versus mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) treatment, aiming to inform optimal management strategies.

Method:
Following PRISMA guidelines (Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JS9/D386) (Supplemental Digital Content 2, http://links.lww.com/JS9/D387), a comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple databases. Meta-analyses focusing on cardiovascular outcomes or all-cause mortality, comparing adrenalectomy and MRAs treatment in PA patients, were included. Studies were independently screened and assessed for quality using AMSTAR 2 (Supplemental Digital Content 3, http://links.lww.com/JS9/D388) and GRADE checklists.

Results:
A total of eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Adrenalectomy showed potential benefits over MRAs in reducing the risk of arrhythmias (OR=2.17; 95% CI: 1.25–3.76) and major adverse cardiovascular events (OR=1.81; 95% CI: 1.33–2.46). Patients treated with MRAs exhibited a higher risk of cardiovascular events (OR=1.23; 95% CI: 1.05–1.44), hypertension (OR=3.22; 95% CI: 1.15–8.97), and all-cause mortality (OR=3.03; 95% CI: 1.36–6.70) compared to adrenalectomy.

Conclusion:
Adrenalectomy appears to offer favorable outcomes compared to MRAs treatment in PA patients, particularly in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. These findings suggest the importance of considering surgical intervention as a primary treatment modality for PA.
Emergency airway management in the post anesthesia care unit
Authors: Spruijt Bart , Huitink Johannes M. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
Airway management is one of the most challenging aspects in the field of anesthesia. This is also the case when an emergency airway situation arises in the postoperative patient. These airway procedures are often classified as advanced with high complexity. This article aims to address emergency airway management in the post anesthesia care unit.

Recent findings
The way in which care and supervision are organized in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) varies between hospitals. Airway management in the PACU has typical challenges related to the team, the location itself, and assembling the necessary equipment for airway rescue. Crew resource management is an important aspect of care in these situations.

Summary
This article focuses on emergency airway management in the post anesthesia-care unit. A questionnaire for risk assessment and improvement of quality of care is presented. Different types of emergencies are discussed, i.e., due to medication, medical conditions (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea, pulmonary problems, stridor), procedural related emergencies (e.g., neurosurgery, head and neck surgery) and cardiac arrest. Each specific cause of emergency needs a different approach. A PACU airway rescue flowchart is presented.
Advances in critical care nephrology through artificial intelligence
Authors: Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Thongprayoon Charat , Kashani Kianoush B. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
This review explores the transformative advancement, potential application, and impact of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML) and large language models (LLMs), on critical care nephrology.

Recent findings
AI algorithms have demonstrated the ability to enhance early detection, improve risk prediction, personalize treatment strategies, and support clinical decision-making processes in acute kidney injury (AKI) management. ML models can predict AKI up to 24–48 h before changes in serum creatinine levels, and AI has the potential to identify AKI sub-phenotypes with distinct clinical characteristics and outcomes for targeted interventions. LLMs and generative AI offer opportunities for automated clinical note generation and provide valuable patient education materials, empowering patients to understand their condition and treatment options better. To fully capitalize on its potential in critical care nephrology, it is essential to confront the limitations and challenges of AI implementation, including issues of data quality, ethical considerations, and the necessity for rigorous validation.

Summary
The integration of AI in critical care nephrology has the potential to revolutionize the management of AKI and continuous renal replacement therapy. While AI holds immense promise for improving patient outcomes, its successful implementation requires ongoing training, education, and collaboration among nephrologists, intensivists, and AI experts.
Cerebral oximetry in high-risk surgical patients: where are we?
Authors: Navarro-Perez Rosalia , Romero-García Nekane , Paolessi Camilla , Robba Chiara , Badenes Rafael 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
This review aims to summarize the latest evidence on the role of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in monitoring cerebral oxygenation in high-risk surgical patients, including both cardiac and noncardiac surgeries, and to present a new algorithm for its application.

Recent findings
NIRS effectively measures brain oxygen saturation noninvasively, proving valuable in cardiac surgeries to reduce neurological complications, though its impact on nonneurological outcomes is less clear. In noncardiac surgeries, NIRS can help prevent complications like postoperative cognitive dysfunction, particularly in high-risk and major surgeries. Studies highlight the variability of cerebral oxygenation impacts based on surgical positions, with mixed results in positions like the beach chair and sitting positions. A structured algorithm for managing cerebral desaturation has been proposed to optimize outcomes by addressing multiple factors contributing to blood oxygen content and delivery.

Summary
Despite its limitations, including spatial resolution and interindividual variability, NIRS is a useful tool for intraoperative cerebral monitoring. Further studies are needed to confirm its broader applicability in noncardiac surgeries, but current evidence supports its role in reducing postoperative complications especially in cardiac surgeries.
Re-evaluating intra-cardiac arrest adjunctive medications and routes of drug administration
Authors: Lind Peter C. , Vallentin Mikael F. , Granfeldt Asger , Andersen Lars W. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
This narrative review summarizes the evidence for the most commonly used intra-cardiac arrest adjunctive medications and routes of administration and discusses promising new therapies from preclinical animal models.

Recent findings
Large trials on the administration of calcium as well as the combination of vasopressin and glucocorticoids during cardiac arrest have been published. Calcium administration during cardiopulmonary resuscitation does not improve outcomes and might cause harm. Vasopressin and glucocorticoid administration during cardiopulmonary resuscitation improve the chance of return of spontaneous circulation but has uncertain effects on survival. We identified a total of seven ongoing clinical trials investigating the potential role of bicarbonate, of vasopressin and glucocorticoids, and of intravenous versus intraosseous vascular access. Several medications such as levosimendan and inhaled nitric oxide show promise in preclinical studies, and clinical trials are either planned or actively recruiting.

Summary
Large trials on intra-cardiac arrest administration of calcium and vasopressin with glucocorticoids have been performed. Several trials are ongoing that will provide valuable insights into the potential benefit of other intra-cardiac arrest medications such as bicarbonate as well as the potential benefit of intravenous or intraosseous vascular access.