bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Index of Microcirculatory Resistance as a Predictor of Echocardiographic Left Ventricular Performance Recovery in Patients With ST‐Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Successful Primary Angioplasty
Authors: Faustino Mariana , Baptista Sérgio Bravo , Freitas António , Monteiro Célia , Leal Paulo , Nédio Maura , Antunes Claudia , Abreu Pedro Farto e , Gil Victor , Morais Carlos 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the relationship between IMR (Index of Microcirculatory Resistance) and the echocardiographic evolution of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic performance after ST‐elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), undergoing primary angioplasty (P‐PCI).MethodsIMR was evaluated immediately after P‐PCI. Echocardiograms were performed within the first 24 hours (Echo1) and at 3 months (Echo2): LV volumes, ejection fraction (LVEF), wall motion score index (WMSI), E/é ratio, global longitudinal strain (GLS), and left atrial volume were measured.ResultsForty STEMI patients were divided in 2 groups according to median IMR: Group 1 (IMR < 26), with less microvascular dysfunction, and Group 2 (IMR > = 26), with more microvascular dysfunction. In Echo1 GLS was significantly better in Group 1 (−14.9 vs. −12.9 in Group 2, P = 0.005). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in LV systolic volume, LVEF and WMS. Between Echo1 and Echo2, there were significant improvements in LVEF (0.48 ± 0.06 vs. 0.55 ± 0.06, P < 0.0001), GLS (−14.9 ± 1.3 vs. −17.3 ± 7.6, P = 0.001), and E/é ratio (9.3 ± 3.4 vs. 8.2 ± 2.0, P = 0.037) in Group 1, but not in Group 2: LVEF (0.49 ± 0.06 vs. 0.50 ± 0.05, P = 0.47), GLS (−12.9 ± 2.4 vs. −14.4 ± 3.2, P = 0.052), and E/é ratio (8.8 ± 2.4 vs. 10.0 ± 4.7, P = 0.18). WMSI improved significantly more in Group 1 (reduction of −17.1% vs. −6.8% in Group 2, P = 0.015).ConclusionLower IMR was associated with better myocardial GLS acutely after STEMI, and with a significantly higher recovery of the LVEF, WMSI, E/E' ratio and GLS, suggesting that IMR is an early marker of cardiac recovery, after acute myocardial infarction. (J Interven Cardiol 2016;29:137–145)
Effectiveness of Left Judkins Catheter as a Single Multipurpose Catheter in Transradial Coronary Angiography From Right Radial Artery: A Randomized Comparison With Conventional Two‐Catheter Strategy
Authors: Turan Burak , Erkol Ayhan , Mutlu Ayhan , Daşli Tolga , Erden İsmail 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesTo investigate safety and efficacy of left Judkins (JL) catheter as a single multipurpose catheter in transradial coronary angiography (TRA).BackgroundMost operators use standard femoral catheters instead of special multipurpose transradial catheters during TRA.MethodsPatients undergoing TRA through right radial artery (RRA) were randomized into single‐catheter approach with JL3.5 and two‐catheter approach with JL3.5 and right Judkins 4.0 catheters. Primary outcome measures were rate of success in selective and stable engagement of both coronary arteries with JL catheter, procedure and fluoroscopy times.ResultsOf 314 patients enrolled, 206 patients (aged 60.3 ± 12.4 years, 36.9% female) were randomized. JL3.5 was successful in 66.0% of patients as a single catheter. Additional catheter was needed more frequently in single‐catheter group (34 vs. 0.97%, P < 0.001). Single‐catheter approach reduced procedure time significantly (6.7 ± 2.1 vs. 7.9 ± 3.3 minutes, P = 0.002). However on average there was 19.7% relative increase in fluoroscopy time (2.61 ± 1.38 vs. 2.18 ± 1.54 minutes, P = 0.035) with single‐catheter approach. Radial artery spasm tended to develop more frequently in two‐catheter group (22.3 vs. 12.6%, P = 0.067). In nearly half of the patients, procedure had been completed successfully with JL3.5 catheter within a fluoroscopy time similar to that of two‐catheter group.ConclusionIn TRA from RRA, JL3.5 catheter can be very effective when dedicated multipurpose catheter is not available. As a single multipurpose catheter, JL works perfectly in nearly half of procedures without prolonging procedure and fluoroscopy times. However insisting on a single‐catheter approach with JL could unnecessarily increase fluoroscopy time and, hence, radiation exposure. (J Interven Cardiol 2016;29:257–264)
Distributions of oxytocin and vasopressin 1a receptors in the Taiwan vole and their role in social monogamy
Authors: Chappell A. R. , Freeman S. M. , Lin Y. K. , LaPrairie J. L. , Inoue K. , Young L. J. , Hayes L. D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSocial monogamy is a mating strategy rarely employed by mammalian species. Laboratory studies in socially monogamous prairie voles Microtus ochrogaster demonstrate that oxytocin and vasopressin act within the mesolimbic dopamine pathway to facilitate pair‐bond formation. Species differences in oxytocin receptor (OTR) and vasopressin 1a receptor (V1aR) distribution in this pathway are associated with species differences in mating strategy. Here, we characterize the neuroanatomical distribution of OTR and V1aR binding sites in naturally occurring populations of Taiwan voles Microtus kikuchii, which purportedly display social monogamy. Live trapping was conducted at two sites in 2009‐2010 and receptor autoradiography for OTR and V1aR was performed on brains from 24 animals. OTR binding in two brain regions where OTR signaling regulates pair‐bonding were directly compared with that of prairie voles. Our results show that like prairie voles, Taiwan voles exhibit OTR in the prefrontal cortex, insular cortex, claustrum, nucleus accumbens, caudate‐putamen, dorsal lateral septal nucleus, central amygdala and ventromedial hypothalamus. Unlike prairie voles, Taiwan voles exhibit OTR binding in the CA3 field of the hippocampus, as well as the indusium griseum, which has only previously been documented in tuco‐tucos Ctenomys haigi, Ctenomys sociabilis, Syrian hamsters Mesocricetus auratus and naked mole‐rats Heterocephalus glaber. V1aR binding was present in the ventral pallidum, lateral septum, nucleus basalis, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, hippocampus, medial amygdala, and anterior, ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamus. Marked individual differences in V1aR binding were noted in the cingulate cortex and several thalamic nuclei, remarkably similar to prairie voles. While pharmacological studies are needed to determine whether oxytocin and vasopressin are involved in pair‐bond formation in this species, our results lay a foundation for future investigations into the role of these neuropeptides in Taiwan vole social behavior.
Associations of organic matter with minerals in Tagish Lake meteorite via high spatial resolution synchrotron‐based FTIR microspectroscopy
Authors: Yesiltas Mehmet , Kebukawa Yoko 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe have investigated spatial and spectral associations between mineral species and organic matter in the Tagish Lake meteorite. Synchrotron‐based infrared microspectroscopy allowed us to spatially locate specific organic and inorganic compounds within multiple Tagish Lake grains with high spatial resolution. Generated two‐dimensional infrared maps present strong spatial association between aliphatic C‐H and OH in phyllosilicates in Tagish Lake grains. These observations indicate possible roles of phyllosilicates for the formation, evolution, and preservation of organic matter. Infared spectra of all studied Tagish Lake grains show a strong carbonate band, which also shows a weak but positive correlation with organic matter in some grains. However, intergrain correlation was not observed between carbonates and organics, which is likely due to the difference of carbonate occurrence, e.g., presence of larger grains or intergrowth of carbonates on phyllosilicates. Possible scenarios further explaining the observed associations of organics with phyllosilicates and carbonates are presented.
Fine‐scale spatial differences in humpback whale diet composition near Kodiak, Alaska
Authors: Wright Dana L. , Witteveen Briana , Wynne Kate , Horstmann‐Dehn Larissa 
Published: March 2016

AbstractOn the North Pacific feeding grounds, humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are recovering from commercial whaling at a rapid rate (6.8%). The potential effect that this recovery will have on trophic dynamics involving these predators is currently unknown. To better elucidate complex trophic dynamics, variability in diet composition of apex predators on their respective feeding grounds needs to be understood. Thus, we explored the diet composition of two defined subaggregations of humpback whales of the Kodiak Archipelago population (“North,” “South”) using stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope ratios of humpback whale skin and regional prey samples in Bayesian dietary mixing models. Humpback whales in the “North” region consumed proportionally more fish, dominated by capelin (Mallotus villosus), whereas, whales in the “South” region consumed predominantly krill. The difference in diet composition appears to reflect regional differences in prey availability. Thus, regional variability in diet composition by humpback whales may have disproportionate impacts on prey resources of sympatric predators depending on available prey biomass. As a result, we suggest fine‐scale studies of apex predator diets are needed to better model trophic dynamics with accuracy.
Pain Reactions during Pulmonary Vein Isolation under Deep Sedation: Cryothermal versus Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: ATTANASIO PHILIPP , HUEMER MARTIN , SHOKOR PARWANI ABDUL , BOLDT LEIF‐HENDRIK , MÜGGE ANDREAS , HAVERKAMP WILHELM , WUTZLER ALEXANDER 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundLeft atrial ablation can be accompanied by discomfort or pain. The purpose of this study was to systematically compare pain reactions during ablation of atrial fibrillation under deep sedation with cryothermal and radiofrequency energy.Methods and ResultsCircumferential ablation was performed in patients with atrial fibrillation using either radiofrequency (RF) or cryoenergy. Deep sedation was achieved with a combination of propofol and midazolam. Pain reactions were counted and painful ablation sites located. To determine the severity of the pain reactions a Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) Behavioral Pain Assessment Scale was used: 79 patients (53 RF‐ vs 26 Cryoablations) were included. A total of 92% of patients treated with RF energy showed ≥1 pain reaction during the procedure compared to only 13% in the cryoenergy group (<0.001). The total number of pain reactions was significantly higher in the RF energy group (3.6 ± 4.7 vs1.3 ± 0.6, P = 0.005). Determination of painful sites was performed in the RF group only. Pain reactions were significantly more often observed during RF application left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) ostium compared to other left atrial ablation sites (Total FLACC Score 2.8 ± 0.6 LSPV, 1.4 ± 0.4 left inferior pulmonary vein [P = 0.009], 1.4 ± 0.3 right superior pulmonary vein [P = 0.044], 1.1 ± 0.3 right inferior pulmonary vein [P = 0.032]).ConclusionsOur results show that despite deep sedation pain reactions often occur during RF ablation. Knowledge of areas with more frequent pain reactions may help electrophysiologists to reduce pain reactions and related patient movements. Ablation with cryoenergy was significantly less painful compared to ablation with RF energy. Cryoablation therefore may be considered for patients at a higher risk for anesthesia‐related complications.
Cell wall targeted in planta iron accumulation enhances biomass conversion and seed iron concentration in Arabidopsis and rice
Authors: Yang Haibing , Wei Hui , Ma Guojie , Antunes Mauricio S. , Vogt Stefan , Cox Joseph , Zhang Xiao , Liu Xiping , Bu Lintao , Gleber S. Charlotte , Carpita Nicholas C. , Makowski Lee , Himmel Michael E. , Tucker Melvin P. , McCann Maureen C. , Murphy Angus S. , Peer Wendy A. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryConversion of nongrain biomass into liquid fuel is a sustainable approach to energy demands as global population increases. Previously, we showed that iron can act as a catalyst to enhance the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production. However, direct addition of iron catalysts to biomass pretreatment is diffusion‐limited, would increase the cost and complexity of biorefinery unit operations and may have deleterious environmental impacts. Here, we show a new strategy for in planta accumulation of iron throughout the volume of the cell wall where iron acts as a catalyst in the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass. We engineered CBM‐IBP fusion polypeptides composed of a carbohydrate‐binding module family 11 (CBM11) and an iron‐binding peptide (IBP) for secretion into Arabidopsis and rice cell walls. CBM‐IBP transformed Arabidopsis and rice plants show significant increases in iron accumulation and biomass conversion compared to respective controls. Further, CBM‐IBP rice shows a 35% increase in seed iron concentration and a 40% increase in seed yield in greenhouse experiments. CBM‐IBP rice potentially could be used to address iron deficiency, the most common and widespread nutritional disorder according to the World Health Organization.
The Great Collapse in Value Added Trade
Authors: Nagengast Arne J. , Stehrer Robert 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis paper studies the great collapse in value added trade using a structural decomposition analysis. We show that changes in vertical specialization accounted for more than 40% of the great trade collapse. Second, we find that the drop in the overall level of demand accounted for roughly a quarter of the decline in value added exports while just under one third was due to compositional changes in final demand. Finally, we demonstrate that the dichotomy between services and manufacturing sectors observed in gross exports during the great trade collapse is not apparent in value added trade data.
Linking pattern to process in reef sediment dynamics at Lady Musgrave Island, southern Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Hamylton Sarah M. , Carvalho Rafael C. , Duce Stephanie , Roelfsema Chris M. , Vila‐Concejo Ana 
Published: March 2016

AbstractLinking surficial sediment patterns in reef environments to the processes that underlie their depositional dynamics enables predictions to be made of how environmental changes will influence reef‐associated sedimentary landforms, such as islands and beaches. Geomorphic linkages between sediment deposition patterns and the biophysical processes that drive them are often poorly resolved, particularly at broad landscape scales where tangible statements can be made about structural changes to landforms. The present study applies geospatial techniques to link patterns in reef sediment dynamics at Lady Musgrave Island to the underlying processes driving them. In situ calcification is characterized by developing a high resolution map of the surficial calcium carbonate producing communities inhabiting the reef platform, and associated sediments across the reef flat are analysed for grain size, kurtosis, sorting and threshold bed shear stress to explore transport pathways across the reef flat and lagoon. Wave energy is modelled across the entire reef platform as a potential driver of sediment dynamics, and morphometric linkages are empirically defined between wave energy and grain size. Findings indicate that carbonate sediments are primarily sourced from calcifying communities colonizing the outer periphery of the reef platform and that sediment grain size can be reliably linked to wave energy by virtue of a linear model.
Architecture and recognition criteria of ancient shelf ridges; an example from Campanian Almond Formation in Hanna Basin, USA
Authors: Leva López Julio , Rossi Valentina Marzia , Olariu Cornel , Steel Ronald J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractShelf ridges are sedimentary bodies formed on the continental shelf due to transgressive reworking (tidal or storm) of lowstand deposits. Common on modern shelves, they are under‐represented in the geological record due to a lack of recognition criteria and facies model. This article proposes a new facies and architectural model for shelf ridges, linked to their inception–evolution–abandonment cycle and the process regime of the basin. The model is mainly based on new outcrop data and interpretations from three sandstone bodies of the Almond Formation, an overall transgressive interval during the infill of the Campanian Western Interior Seaway. Building from the case study, and ancient and modern examples, six characteristics are proposed for the recognition of ancient shelf ridges. Shelf ridges: (i) are encased between thick marine mudstone intervals; (ii) have a basal unconformity that erodes into marine muds or into the remnants of a previous shoreline; (iii) have a non‐erosional upper boundary that transitions into marine muds; (iv) are characterized by clean and well‐sorted sandstones, often cross‐bedded; (v) contain fully marine ichnofauna; and (vi) present compound architectures with large accretion surfaces and lower order structures. Although shelf ridges have been described in previous studies as generated exclusively by either tidal or storm currents, it is clear, from modern examples and the case study, that these two processes can be recorded and preserved in a single shelf ridge. The stratigraphy of these sandstone bodies is therefore much more complex than previously recognized, bearing the signature of changing tidal and storm intensity through time. Because they are developed during transgressions, shelf ridges are commonly subject to strong changes in process regime as sea‐level changes can easily affect the oceanographic conditions and the morphology of the basin. For this reason, shelf ridges can provide the best record of shelf process variability during transgressions.
Simulated ward round: reducing costs, not outcomes
Authors: Ford Helen , Cleland Jennifer , Thomas Ian 
Published: March 2016

SummaryBackgroundDistractions and interruptions on the ward pose substantial patient safety risks, but medical students receive little training on their management. Although there is some evidence that medical students can be taught how to manage distractions and interruptions in a simulated ward environment, the only model to date is based on individual feedback, which is resource‐expensive, mitigating curricular integration. Our aim was to assess the educational utility of a cost‐efficient approach to a patient safety‐focused simulated ward round.MethodsTwenty‐three of 55 final‐year medical students took part in a cost‐reduced simulated ward round. Costs were minimised by providing group rather than individualised feedback, thereby shortening the duration of each simulation and reducing the number of interruptions. The utility of the simulation was assessed via student evaluation and performance on a patient safety station of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).
FindingsThe direct costs of the simulation were more than 50 per cent lower per student compared with the original study, mostly as a result of a reduction in the time that faculty members took to give feedback. Students managed distractions better and received higher scores in the OSCE station than those who had not undergone the ward round. Group feedback was evaluated positively by most participants: 94 per cent of those who provided feedback agreed or strongly agreed that the simulation would make them a safer doctor and would improve their handling of distractions.Our aim was to assess the educational utility of a cost‐efficient approach to a patient safety‐focused simulated ward roundDiscussionThe costs of a simulated ward round can be significantly reduced whilst maintaining educational utility. These findings should encourage medical schools to integrate ward simulation into curricula.
Inactivation of dengue, chikungunya, and Ross River viruses in platelet concentrates after treatment with ultraviolet C light
Authors: Faddy Helen M. , Fryk Jesse J. , Prow Natalie A. , Watterson Daniel , Young Paul R. , Hall Roy A. , Tolksdorf Frank , Sumian Chryslain , Gravemann Ute , Seltsam Axel , Marks Denese C. 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDArboviruses, including dengue (DENV 1‐4), chikungunya (CHIKV), and Ross River (RRV), are emerging viruses that are a risk for transfusion safety globally. An approach for managing this risk is pathogen inactivation, such as the THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets system. We investigated the ability of this system to inactivate the above mentioned arboviruses.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSDENV 1‐4, CHIKV, or RRV were spiked into buffy coat (BC)‐derived platelet (PLT) concentrates in additive solution and treated with the THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets system at the following doses: 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 J/cm2 (standard dose). Pre‐ and posttreatment samples were taken for each dose, and the level of viral infectivity was determined.RESULTSAt the standard ultraviolet C (UVC) dose (0.2 J/cm2), viral inactivation of at least 4.43, 6.34, and 5.13 log or more, was observed for DENV 1‐4, CHIKV, and RRV, respectively. A dose dependency in viral inactivation was observed with increasing UVC doses.CONCLUSIONSOur study has shown that DENV, CHIKV, and RRV, spiked into BC‐derived PLT concentrates, were inactivated by the THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets system to the limit of detection of our assay, suggesting that this system could contribute to the safety of PLT concentrates with respect to these emerging arboviruses.
Eigenstructure
Assignment by Displacement–Acceleration Feedback for Second-Order
Systems
Authors: Abdelaziz Taha H.
S. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a new technique for controlling the dynamic response of second-order systems by means of combined displacement and acceleration feedback. The necessary conditions that guarantee the solvability for the problem are formulated. Parametric expressions for the displacement–acceleration gains and the eigenvector matrix are derived. The solution can be applied for the systems with nonsingular or singular mass matrices. Based on the simulation results, we can conclude that the proposed technique is effective.