bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Families, Lovers, and Friends: Women, Social Networks, and Transnational Cocaine Smuggling from Curaçao and Peru
Authors: VAN SAN MARION , SIKKENS ELGA 
Published: September 2017

AbstractResearch on the role of women in organised crime used to be relatively scarce, but since the end of the 1990s more and more research has been conducted on this particular topic. Through this research it has become apparent that a growing number of women plays an increasingly important role in organised drug‐smuggling operations. To understand more about the involvement of women in the drug trade, it is important to study their social networks. We studied the social ties of women who participated in two transnational drug‐trafficking networks: one between Curaçao and the Netherlands and the second between Peru and the Netherlands. What makes the comparison between the two groups interesting is that one group is connected to Curaçao (historically connected to the Netherlands) while the other group is connected to Peru (with no historical connections). Women who smuggle drugs between the Netherlands and Curaçao have transnational familial networks through which criminal capital is transmitted and drug trafficking is facilitated. Women who smuggle between Peru and the Netherlands lack these networks but are often connected to intermediaries through lovers and acquaintances.
Monitoring of hemostatic abnormalities in major orthopedic surgery patients treated with edoxaban by APTT waveform
Authors: Hasegawa M. , Wada H. , Tone S. , Yamaguchi T. , Wakabayashi H. , Ikejiri M. , Watanabe M. , Fujimoto N. , Matsumoto T. , Ohishi K. , Yamashita Y. , Katayama N. , Sudo A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIntroductionAn analysis of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in major orthopedic surgery patients receiving edoxaban for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) was carried out.MethodsThe APTT waveform was analyzed in the above patients to monitor edoxaban administration.ResultsOf these 99 patients, 12 exhibited deep vein thrombosis, and 25 had massive bleeding. An increased biphasic pattern of the APTT waveform was observed after the administration of edoxaban, but there were no significant differences between the patients with and without complications. The peak times of acceleration, velocity, and 1/2 fibrin formation were significantly prolonged after the administration of edoxaban, especially in patients with massive bleeding, and were moderately correlated with the anti‐Xa activity. While the heights of velocity and acceleration peak 2 were lower in patients receiving warfarin treatment than in those receiving edoxaban, the widths of these parameters were significantly longer. The height of 1/2 fibrin formation and the width of acceleration peaks 1 and 2 and the velocity were significantly increased after the administration of edoxaban.ConclusionThe peak time of the APTT waveform was significantly prolonged after the administration of edoxaban. The analysis of the APTT waveform may therefore be useful for the prediction of the risk of massive bleeding.
The distribution of total vitamin B12, holotranscobalamin, and the active vitamin B12 fraction in the first 5 weeks postpartum
Authors: van der Woude D. A. A. , Pijnenborg J. M. A. , de Vries J. , van Wijk E. M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIntroductionTotal vitamin B12 levels decrease significantly during pregnancy and recover to normal values within 8‐week postpartum. Holotranscobalamin (holoTC) reflects the active part of vitamin B12 and has been shown to remain constant during pregnancy and postpartum. A mechanism of redistribution of vitamin B12 is suggested, with a shift toward holoTC if there is insufficient total vitamin B12 available. Our objective was to examine vitamin B12 deficiency and the active vitamin B12 fraction in postpartum women.MethodsTotal vitamin B12 and holoTC were measured in 171 women within 48 hours (T0) and at 5 weeks (T5) postpartum. Vitamin B12 deficiency was defined as total vitamin B12 < 180 pmol/L or holoTC <32 pmol/L. The active vitamin B12 fraction was defined as holoTC/total vitamin B12.ResultsWithout intervention, vitamin B12 deficiency based on both serum total vitamin B12 and holoTC changed from 75% and 60%, to respectively 10% and 6% at T5. The fraction of active vitamin B12 was significant higher in vitamin B12 deficient women at both time points and across time (P < .0001 and P = .002). A high fraction of active vitamin B12 was only present in women with total vitamin B12 deficiency at T0. At T5, no high vitamin B12 fraction was found.ConclusionThe changes in total vitamin B12 levels seem to be based on a physiological changes rather than vitamin B12 deficiency. The results of this study confirm the hypothesis that a shift toward the metabolic active vitamin B12 (holoTC) occurs in women with insufficient available total vitamin B12.
Insomnia in nursing students and related factors: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Güneş Zeynep , Arslantaş Hülya 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting insomnia in nursing students.MethodsThis study was conducted with 379 nursing students, studying at a university in western Anatolia/Turkey between 2014 and 2015 as a descriptive and cross‐sectional analytic study. Data of the survey were collected using the Personal Inquiry Form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory, and a self‐administered questionnaire.ResultsThe Insomnia Severity Index score for the students is 11.51 ± 5.04 on average. It was found that as anxiety and depression increased, the Insomnia Severity Index score for the students also increased and there was a weak positive correlation. Also, a moderate positive correlation between sleep quality and insomnia severity was found. Significant correlations were found between some of the socio‐demographic characteristics (lower socio‐economic situation, irregular bedtime, and smoking) and insomnia, sleep quality, anxiety, and depression.ConclusionAnxiety, depression, irregular bedtime, and lower socio‐economic situation are factors that make falling asleep difficult.
Evaluation of a multidisciplinary allied health prostate cancer clinic
Authors: Crowe Helen , Pillay Brindha , Howard Nicholas , Crowe Jane , Rutherford Max , Wootten Addie , Corcoran Niall , Costello Anthony 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTProstate cancer is the most common male cancer, with increasingly longer survival, and many treatment options for advanced disease. Men with prostate cancer report a high level of unmet supportive care needs. To evaluate unmet needs of a small cohort of Australian men with advanced prostate cancer, and their partners, and to assess the impact of attendance at a multidisciplinary allied health clinic on meeting these needs. Fifty patients were referred to the clinic by their treating specialists. Prior to their clinic consultations patients and partners completed study questionnaires to determine their unmet needs, prostate cancer and treatment related quality of life, levels of anxiety and depression, exercise patterns and prostate cancer‐related functional status. Questionnaires were completed again 1 month post‐clinic attendance, and pre‐and post‐clinic scores were compared. Patients reported unmet needs in several domains including psychological and sexuality needs. These showed a small reduction when assessed post‐clinic. Partners also reported needs in the psychological and emotional, and information domains. Thirty‐two percent of patients reported clinical levels of distress when assessed pre‐clinic attendance, reduced to 8% reporting the same level of distress 1 month post‐clinic. The identified high levels of unmet needs and levels of distress of this group of patients and partners highlights the necessity for additional resources to assist these men. A multidisciplinary allied health care prostate clinic as described here may further assist in the comprehensive care of these men and their partners.
Acute oxygen therapy: an audit of prescribing and delivery practices in a tertiary hospital in Perth, Western Australia
Authors: Kamran Anam , Chia Elisa , Tobin Claire 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundOxygen is a widely used drug in the hospital setting. However, international audits suggest that oxygen administration practices are often not compliant with prescribed standards. This can place patients at risk and cause serious adverse events.AimTo analyse data related to recent practices of oxygen prescription and administration at Royal Perth Hospital (RPH), Western Australia. The results of this audit aim to guide further research on possible interventional studies implementing key solutions.MethodsAll patients who received care in the Acute Medical Unit at RPH between 1 September and 14 September 2015 were included in this audit. Patients who were given supplemental oxygen during their admission were selected for further review of records. Appropriate medically indicated target oxygen saturations for each patient were judged under consultation with a respiratory specialist.ResultsA total of 65 patients received oxygen supplementation within the study period; 36 of these patients (55.4%) had target oxygen saturations prescribed by doctors, and 25% of the prescribed targets were judged to be inappropriate. In total, 49 patients (75.4%) were exposed to a potential risk from oxygen therapy due to prescription error and/or delivery error. A real risk was identified in 19 patients (29.2%) as they received oxygen at levels outside their appropriate medically indicated target range.ConclusionThe current practices of oxygen prescription and administration within RPH are suboptimal. Patients are placed at risk of oxygen toxicity due to deviation from oxygen prescription guidelines.
Size driven thermodynamic crossovers in phase stability in zirconia and hafnia
Authors: Sharma Geetu , Ushakov Sergey V. , Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHafnia (HfO2) and zirconia (ZrO2) are of great interest in the quest for replacing silicon oxide in semiconductor field effect transistors because of their high permittivity. Both exhibit extensive polymorphism and understanding the energetics of their transitions is of major fundamental and practical importance. In this study, we present a systematic thermodynamic summary of the influence of particle size on thermodynamic phase stability in hafnia and zirconia using recently measured enthalpy data from the literature. The amorphous phase is found to be the most energetically stable above 165 and 363 m2/g of surface area for HfO2 and ZrO2, respectively. Below 16 and 20.3 m2/g of surface area, respectively, the monoclinic phase is the most energetically stable for HfO2 and ZrO2. At intermediate sizes there are closely balanced energetics among monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic phases. The energy crossovers reflect decreasing surface enthalpy in the order monoclinic, tetragonal, cubic and amorphous for both hafnia and zirconia.
Assessment of the Environmental Sustainability of a Treatment Aimed at Soil Reuse in a Brownfield Regeneration Context
Authors: Capobianco Oriana , Costa Giulia , Baciocchi Renato 
Published: September 2017

SummaryA combined stabilization/solidification (S/S) and granulation treatment was shown to be effective, at lab scale, to produce secondary aggregates from a Brownfield soil slightly contaminated by metals. This treatment, as opposed to the frequently adopted “dig and dump” option, allows to combine soil management with site regeneration, minimizing landfill disposal. But is this treatment actually more environmentally sustainable than excavated soil management by dig and dump? To answer this question, we analyzed and compared by life cycle assessment the environmental impacts resulting from the application of the above‐mentioned treatment versus dig and dump on the basis of the results of lab tests performed on a Brownfield soil sample, including leaching test results. The impacts related to the production of all the reagents used in the on‐site treatment, as well as the avoided impacts due to the replacement of raw aggregates with recycled ones, were included. Results showed that the proposed S/S‐granulation process may allow a drastic decrease of the impacts related to land use and resource depletion in comparison to dig and dump, with beneficial effects also with regard to toxicity‐related impact categories. Conversely, the proposed treatment yielded higher impacts, in terms of acidification, water resource depletion, and, in particular, climate change, almost entirely related to the manufacturing of the cement employed for stabilization. However, an average 40% reduction of overall impacts was noted when fly ash cement was assumed to be used as binder instead of Portland cement.
Use of the RenalGuard system to prevent contrast‐induced AKI: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Mattathil Stephanie , Ghumman Saad , Weinerman Jonathan , Prasad Anand 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundContrast‐induced kidney injury (CI‐AKI) following cardiovascular interventions results in increased morbidity and mortality. RenalGuard (RG) is a novel, closed loop system which balances volume administration with forced diuresis to maintain a high urine output. We performed a meta‐analysis of the existing data comparing use of RG to conventional volume expansion.MethodsTen studies were found eligible, of which four were randomized controlled trials. Of an aggregate sample size (N) of 1585 patients, 698 were enrolled in the four RCTs and 887 belonged to the remaining registries included in this meta‐analysis. Primary outcomes included CI‐AKI incidence and relative risk. Mortality, dialysis, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACCE) were secondary outcomes. A random effects model was used and data were evaluated for publication bias.ResultsRG was associated with significant risk reduction in CI‐AKI compared to control (RR: 0.30, 95%CI: 0.18‐0.50, P < 0.01). CI‐AKI in RG was found to be 7.7% versus 23.6% in the control group (P < 0.01). Use of RG was associated with decreased mortality (RR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.18‐0.99, P = 0.05), dialysis (RR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.06‐0.61, P = 0.01), and MACCE (RR: 0.42, 95%CI: 0.27‐0.65, P < 0.01) compared to control.ConclusionsRG significantly reduces rates of CI‐AKI compared to standard volume expansion and is also associated with decreased rates of death, dialysis, and MACCE.
Laboratory‐Based Investigation of Denture Sonication Method in Patients with Candida‐Associated Denture Stomatitis
Authors: Perić Mirjana , Radunović Milena , Pekmezović Marina , Marinković Jelena , Živković Rade , Arsić Arsenijević Valentina 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeDenture stomatitis (DS) is a disease characterized by inflammation and erythema of the oral mucosa areas covered by the denture. Multifactorial etiological factors contribute to DS, but it seems that Candida plays the key role. The aim of the study was to evaluate the denture sonication method to: (i) increase the possibility of diagnosing patients with Candida‐associated DS; (ii) detect and identify the mixed Candida spp., and (iii) determine the Candida colony forming units (CFU) and its possible relationship with DS severity, based on Newton's classification.Materials and MethodsThe cross‐sectional study conducted at the Clinic for Dental Prosthetics, Belgrade (Serbia) from June 2013 to December 2014 enrolled edentulous patients with dentures (n = 250). Patients without DS (n = 20) were the control group (CG). The patients’ data were collected, and patients with DS (study group/SG) were selected and divided into SG Candida+ and SG Candida‐. Based on severity of DS, the SG patients were classified in 3 groups (Newton's classification). Four sampling methods were applied to detect patients with Candida‐associated DS: mucosa swab, denture swab, oral rinse, and denture sonication method. The sensitivity and specificity of denture sonication method were shown using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsIn 97 (38.8%), out of 250 clinically examined patients, DS was diagnosed. In 82 (84.5%), out of 97 mycologically examined patients, Candida‐associated DS was detected when denture sonication method was applied. Additionally, using the denture sonication method we observed: (i) the largest number of Candida positive patients compared to other sampling methods (p < 0.0001); (ii) the highest number of Candida CFU/ml (105), and (iii) the possibility to detect mixed Candida cultures. The largest number of patients with Candida‐associated DS showed type II (60%) DS, followed by type I (21%), and type III (19%) DS.ConclusionThe denture sonication method is easy, accurate, and sensitive, and increases the possibility of diagnosing patients with Candida‐associated DS. Additionally, yeast quantification, mixed Candida spp., and non‐albicans Candida were detectable when cultivation on Candida CHROMagar was performed. It was not possible using conventional methods, such as swab or oral rinse.
Paediatric invasive Haemophilus influenzae in Queensland, Australia, 2002–2011: Young Indigenous children remain at highest risk
Authors: Cleland Gavin , Leung Clare , Wan Sai Cheong Jenny , Francis Joshua , Heney Claire , Nourse Clare 
Published: September 2017

AimHaemophilus influenzae continues to cause invasive disease in children despite widespread Hib immunisation. The significance of non‐B serotypes continues to be investigated, with evidence of increased invasive non‐typeable H. influenzae (NTHi) world‐wide. The aim of this study was to examine the current epidemiological and clinical features of invasive H. influenzae disease in children in Queensland, Australia.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of all cases of invasive H. influenzae disease in children <18 years of age in Queensland between January 2002 and December 2011. Cases were identified from pathology records and data requested from treating hospitals.ResultsLaboratory data were obtained for 144 cases and clinical/demographic data for 123 cases. The majority (72%) of cases were children <5 years of age. Annual incidence rate for all children <5 years was 7.4/100 000, and for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children <5 years was 10.2/100 000. Serotype was reported for 132 isolates, 69 NTHi and 63 encapsulated strains. The most common clinical diagnoses were pneumonia, meningitis and bacteraemia without clinical focus. Of the patients, 5 patients died, and 12 had significant morbidity at hospital discharge.ConclusionsWhile rates of invasive H. influenzae disease have decreased dramatically following the introduction of Hib vaccination, H. influenzae remains a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children remain particularly vulnerable.
Attributes of Bio‐Oss® and Moa‐Bone® graft materials in a pilot study using the sheep maxillary sinus model
Authors: Smith M. M. , Duncan W. J. , Coates D. E. 
Published: September 2017

Background and ObjectiveThe aim of this pilot study was to characterize surface morphology and to evaluate resorption and osseous healing of two deproteinated bovine bone graft materials after sinus grafting in a large animal model.Material and MethodsSurfaces of a novel particulate bovine bone graft, Moa‐Bone® were compared with Bio‐Oss® using scanning electron microscopy. Six sheep then had maxillary sinus grafting bilaterally, covered with BioGide®. Grafted maxillae were harvested after 4, 6 and 12 weeks. Healing was described for half of each site using resin‐embedded ground sections. For the other half, paraffin‐embedded sections were examined using tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining for osteoclast activity, runt‐related transcription factor2 immunohistochemistry for pre‐osteoblasts and osteoblasts and proliferating cell nuclear antigen for proliferative cells.ResultsMoa‐Bone® had a smoother, more porous fibrous structure with minimal globular particles compared with Bio‐Oss®. After 4 weeks, woven bone formed on both grafts and the Moa‐Bone® particles also showed signs of resorption. After 12 weeks, Moa‐Bone® continued to be resorbed, however Bio‐Oss® did not; both grafts were surrounded by maturing lamellar bone. Moa‐Bone® was associated with earlier evidence of runt‐related transcription factor 2‐positive cells. Moa‐Bone® but not Bio‐Oss® was associated with strong tartrate resistant acid phosphatase‐positive osteoclasts on the graft surface within resorption lacunae at both 4 and 6 weeks post‐grafting.ConclusionBoth materials supported osseous healing and maturation without inflammation. Moa‐Bone® showed marked osteoclast activity after 4 and 6 weeks and demonstrated positive attributes for grafting, if complete remodeling of the graft within the site is desired. Further optimization of Moa‐Bone® for maxillofacial applications is warranted.
Does captivity influence territorial and hunting behaviour? Assessment for an ex situ reintroduction program of African lions Panthera leo
Authors: Dunston Emma J. , Abell Jackie , Doyle Rebecca E. , Duffy Deanna , Poynter Craig , Kirk Jacqui , Hilley Victoria B. , Forsyth Andrew , Jenkins Emma , Mcallister Dominique , Freire Rafael 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMaintaining a territory and being able to hunt are imperative for the success of African lion Panthera leo prides. We aimed to determine whether captive‐origin prides display similar territorial and hunting behaviour to wild lions. Behaviours and locations of two captive‐origin prides and one wild pride were collected through direct observation. All prides established territories, and core areas corresponded to resource requirements. There was no evidence that pride origin affected territorial or hunting behaviour. Captive‐origin prides exhibited behaviours that lead us to be optimistic about each pride's ability to establish and defend a territory successfully, and to hunt, following reintroduction.
Ancestral acquisitions, gene flow and multiple evolutionary trajectories of the type three secretion system and effectors in Xanthomonas plant pathogens
Authors: Merda Déborah , Briand Martial , Bosis Eran , Rousseau Céline , Portier Perrine , Barret Matthieu , Jacques Marie‐Agnès , Fischer‐Le Saux Marion 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDeciphering the evolutionary history and transmission patterns of virulence determinants is necessary to understand the emergence of novel pathogens. The main virulence determinant of most pathogenic proteobacteria is the type three secretion system (T3SS). The Xanthomonas genus includes bacteria responsible for numerous epidemics in agroecosystems worldwide and represents a major threat to plant health. The main virulence factor of Xanthomonas is the Hrp2 family T3SS; however, this system is not conserved in all strains and it has not been previously determined whether the distribution of T3SS in this bacterial genus has resulted from losses or independent acquisitions. Based on comparative genomics of 82 genome sequences representing the diversity of the genus, we have inferred three ancestral acquisitions of the Hrp2 cluster during Xanthomonas evolution followed by subsequent losses in some commensal strains and re‐acquisition in some species. While mutation was the main force driving polymorphism at the gene level, interspecies homologous recombination of large fragments expanding through several genes shaped Hrp2 cluster polymorphism. Horizontal gene transfer of the entire Hrp2 cluster also occurred. A reduced core effectome composed of xopF1, xopM, avrBs2 and xopR was identified that may allow commensal strains overcoming plant basal immunity. In contrast, stepwise accumulation of numerous type 3 effector genes was shown in successful pathogens responsible for epidemics. Our data suggest that capacity to intimately interact with plants through T3SS would be an ancestral trait of xanthomonads. Since its acquisition, T3SS has experienced a highly dynamic evolutionary history characterized by intense gene flux between species that may reflect its role in host adaptation.