bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging one health and sustainable analysis: enrofloxacin quantification amid combined therapy and its active metabolite in various matrices using green RP-HPLC
Authors: Mohamed Heba M. , Ragab Mona T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAntibiotics play a crucial role in the treatment of infectious diseases in both humans and animals. However, their extensive utilization has caused significant potential harm to both wildlife and humans. Enrofloxacin (ENR) is a common veterinary antibiotic, which is not approved for human use due to associated toxicities. It is often combined with other antibiotics to expand the antibacterial range. It is crucial to monitor and measure the levels of ENR medication in various matrices. RP-HPLC is highly effective for analyzing antibiotics due to its sensitivity, specificity, and ability to handle complex samples. By adopting eco-friendly solvents, decreasing solvent consumption, and limiting waste we developed a method for determination and quantification of ENR, amoxicillin (AMX), and ENR active metabolite in different matrices. The method utilized a reversed stationary phase and a mobile phase composed of phosphate buffer pH 3.0: ethanol (90:10 v/v) pumped at 1.0 mL/min and UV detection at 254.0 nm. Moreover, a comprehensive assessment of the environmental friendliness of the established method was conducted using various tools including the Green Certificate Classification (GCC) and Analytical Greenness AGREE and RGB12. The method was validated for its accuracy and precision in quantifying ENR, demonstrating its potential for the effective monitoring of ENR and contributing to public health protection.
Graphical Abstract
The influence of e-learning on exam performance and the role of achievement goals in shaping learning patterns
Authors: Janson Marc Philipp , Janke Stefan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDigital learning environments provide opportunities to support learning in higher education. However, it is yet unclear why and how learners use these opportunities. We propose that learners’ achievement goals and their beliefs regarding the instrumentality of e-learning tools to achieve those goals are predictive for learning behavior within digital learning environments. Furthermore, we assume learning behavior characterized by longer overall learning time, more distributed learning, and less learning delay predicts higher exam performance. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed log-file data of 91 university students who had used an intelligent tutoring system as exam preparation in a pre-registered study. Beyond the overall predictive validity of the intelligent tutoring system, we found a negative association between learning delay and exam performance. Achievement goals predicted learning time and time distribution, an association that was partly moderated by perceived instrumentality. This suggests that goals and beliefs are important puzzle pieces for understanding e-learning (behavior).
Management of patients with multiple brain metastases
Authors: Arnaout Mohamed M. , Hoz Samer , Lee Angle , Taha Mahmoud 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMetastases in the brain are a devastating and common cancer with a poor prognosis. Physicians, on the other hand, may help their patients by suspecting, recognizing, and treating them correctly. It is predicted that between 8 and 10% of cancer patients may develop brain metastases, resulting in roughly 200,000 new cases of brain metastases per year. Single and multiple metastases can share clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features. In the majority of brain metastasis, cancer cells move through the blood to the brain. The cerebellum is responsible for 15% of instances; whereas, the brainstem is responsible for 5%. The severity and speed with which the symptoms appear might vary substantially. In addition to the history and physical examination, CT and MRI with contrast give a safe, more sensitive diagnosis. The treatment is primarily palliative, although vigorous therapy in carefully selected patients can prolong the median survival time to about a year. Generally, the prognosis is guarded. Medical treatment includes corticosteroids and antiepileptic. Whole-brain irradiation, SRS, and chemotherapeutic agents are the most common adjuvant therapies. The neurosurgical approach to the management of such lesions has been greatly improved over the last few decades. Hereby, an updated review for the management of multiple brain metastasis.
Relationship between the rumen microbiome and liver transcriptome in beef cattle divergent for feed efficiency
Authors: Keogh Kate , Kenny David A. , Alexandre Pamela A. , Waters Sinead M. , McGovern Emily , McGee Mark , Reverter Antonio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Feed costs account for a high proportion of the variable cost of beef production, ultimately impacting overall profitability. Thus, improving feed efficiency of beef cattle, by way of determining the underlying genomic control and selecting for feed efficient cattle provides a method through which feed input costs may be reduced whilst also contributing to the environmental sustainability of beef production. The rumen microbiome dictates the feed degradation capacity and consequent nutrient supply in ruminants, thus potentially impacted by feed efficiency phenotype. Equally, liver tissue has been shown to be responsive to feed efficiency phenotype as well as dietary intake. However, although both the rumen microbiome and liver transcriptome have been shown to be impacted by host feed efficiency phenotype, knowledge of the interaction between the rumen microbiome and other peripheral tissues within the body, including the liver is lacking. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare two contrasting breed types (Charolais and Holstein-Friesian) divergent for residual feed intake (RFI) over contrasting dietary phases (zero-grazed grass and high-concentrate), based on gene co-expression network analysis of liver transcriptome data and microbe co-abundance network of rumen microbiome data. Traits including RFI, dry matter intake (DMI) and growth rate (ADG), as well as rumen concentrations of volatile fatty acids were also included within the network analysis.

Results
Overall, DMI had the greatest number of connections followed by RFI, with ADG displaying the fewest number of significant connections. Hepatic genes related to lipid metabolism were correlated to both RFI and DMI phenotypes, whilst genes related to immune response were correlated to DMI. Despite the known relationship between RFI and DMI, the same microbes were not directly connected to these phenotypes, the Succiniclasticum genus was however, negatively connected to both RFI and ADG. Additionally, a stepwise regression analysis revealed significant roles for both Succiniclasticum genus and Roseburia.faecis sp. in predicting RFI, DMI and ADG.

Conclusions
Results from this study highlight the interactive relationships between rumen microbiome and hepatic transcriptome data of cattle divergent for RFI, whilst also increasing our understanding of the underlying biology of both DMI and ADG in beef cattle.
Preoperative variables affecting outcome of cochlear implant
Authors: Mosaed Nashwa Ameer Mahmoud , Mohamed Enass Sayed , Youssif Mostafa , Mohamed Hanan A. , Eloseily Amira Mohammad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Cochlear implants made a great impact in the management of severe-to-profound hearing loss in both children and adults. Its greatest impact is in helping children born with a profound hearing loss and implanted early to attend mainstream education and using spoken language to communicate. However, the final outcome in pediatric implantation is not predictable as there are large number of factors which will affect the outcome of cochlear implantation. Studying these determinants increases the ability of clinicians to offer educated preoperative prognosis and might potentially allow for manipulation of variables in an attempt to achieve the best possible outcome.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the preoperative factors affecting the audiological, speech, and language outcomes achieved by the recipients of cochlear implants.

Methodology
A total of 39 children with severe-to-profound sensory neural hearing loss were implanted with cochlear implants. Children had received their implants before age of 5 years. Tests of receptive, expressive language quotient, aided cortical auditory-evoked potential using speech stimulus, aided free field audiometry, and aided speech reception thresholds were administered. Characteristics of the child and the family (age before implant and duration of implant use, cause of hearing loss, preimplant use of hearing aids and language therapy, and sociodemographic characteristics of their families) were the preoperative variables. These variables were considered predictors of audiological and language outcomes achieved by children and were determined using statistical analysis by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
Age of the studied children at time of cochlear implantation was statistically significant predictor for CI outcome as regard receptive language quotient and also for N1 latency. Hearing age of the studied children was a statistically significant predictor for CI outcome as regards P1 latency.

Conclusion
Based on our findings, two most important factors affecting outcome of cochlear implantation were the age at implantation and the hearing age. Other factors were important but did not affect the outcome significantly.
Microscopic versus endoscopic stapes surgery—a meta-analysis study
Authors: Mikahail Peter Milad , Fawaz Samia Ahmed , Elbagory Mahmoud Mohamed , Mady Ossama Mustafa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The traditional approach for viewing middle ear structures during ear surgery is still the microscope, which provides both hands’ flexibility and binocular vision. The requirement for a clear, direct vision of the working zone is its primary disadvantage. The procedure was modified for the microscope by using an end-aural approach, drilling the bone canal, and then moving the patient and surgeon. However, the microscope has successfully demonstrated that it is the preferred tool for stapedectomy.

Objective
To compare endoscopic and microscopic interventions in stapes surgery regarding intraoperative and postoperative outcomes.

Patients and methods
The review was a meta-analytic and systematic review that included randomized controlled trials (RCT), case series, and retrospective studies which studied the comparison of microscopic and endoscopic stapes surgery; 15 articles published between 2014 and 2020 were included in our study.

Data sources
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies published up to 2020. The inclusion criteria comprised randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case–control studies comparing microscopic and endoscopic stapes surgeries.

Results
Our results showed that the injury to the chorda tympani nerve was significantly higher in the microscopic group versus the endoscopic group. And also, as regards the operative times, it was significantly longer in the microscopic group versus the endoscopic group. But there is no significant difference as regards pain, dizziness, perforation of the tympanic membrane, delayed conductive hearing and postoperative air–bone gap improvement, and taste disturbance between both groups.

Conclusion
Technologically, safely, and promisingly, endoscopic stapes procedures are possible. All things considered, our research shows that both microscopic and endoscopic stapes surgery yields good audiological outcomes. A little amount of data, however, points to a decreased likelihood of chorda tympani injury and taste disturbance when using an endoscope. With comparable side effects to microscopic stapes surgery (pain, tympanic membrane perforation, taste disturbance, dizziness, and delayed conductive hearing), endoscopic stapes surgery seems like a feasible substitute. Endoscopic stapes surgery was found to need shorter operating times. In comparison to endoscopic groups, the postoperative air–bone gap increased considerably in the microscopic group. All of the studies consistently indicated better sight with the endoscope. This meta-analysis of the available data bolsters the application of endoscopic methods in stapes surgery.
Functions of membrane proteins in regulating fruit ripening and stress responses of horticultural crops
Authors: Chen Daoguo , Liu Yuhan , Chen Yong , Li Boqiang , Chen Tong , Tian Shiping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFruit ripening is accompanied by the development of fruit quality traits; however, this process also increases the fruit’s susceptibility to various environmental stresses, including pathogen attacks and other stress factors. Therefore, modulating the fruit ripening process and defense responses is crucial for maintaining fruit quality and extending shelf life. Membrane proteins play intricate roles in mediating signal transduction, ion transport, and many other important biological processes, thus attracting extensive research interest. This review mainly focuses on the functions of membrane proteins in regulating fruit ripening and defense responses against biotic and abiotic factors, addresses their potential as targets for improving fruit quality and resistance to environmental challenges, and further highlights some open questions to be addressed.
“I would have to walk around to find the best Wi-Fi connection…”: qualitatively exploring challenges associated with rapid rollout of telehealth in Canadian long-term care homes
Authors: Cole Tyler R. , Crooks Valorie A. , Sorensen Janice , Jamal Sherin , Mithani Akber , Hung Lillian , Snyder Jeremy C. , Youngren Catherine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, long-term care (LTC) homes in British Columbia, Canada, restricted visitation to ensure the safety of their residents against transmission of the novel coronavirus. As such, these LTC homes had to quickly implement a rapid rollout of telehealth services to maintain physician care for residents while avoiding the infection risk of in-person visits amidst lockdown measures. The abrupt transition from traditional in-person physician care to telehealth presented significant challenges. Investigating these challenges is pivotal to the development of strategies for sustained telehealth use for physician services in LTC homes. This analysis is part of a broader qualitative, utilization-focused evaluation study of telehealth services rapidly implemented for physician care in LTC homes within the Fraser Health Authority region of British Columbia. The evaluation has aimed to consider integral factors such as telehealth challenges, facilitators, preferences, and continued use. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with 70 physicians, staff, residents, and family caregivers across 27 different LTC homes in the region. All interviews and focus groups were transcribed verbatim and were analyzed using a thematic approach to identify common barriers surrounding the rapid rollout of telehealth in LTC across relevant groups.

Results
From the data, four challenges were identified: connectivity challenges (e.g., inconsistent or no Wi-Fi or cellular connectivity), device challenges (e.g., lack of accessible devices and software issues), privacy challenges (e.g., lack of private space to support telehealth use), and informational challenges (e.g., lack of electronic medical record access). All challenges posed barriers to telehealth access for both care provider and recipient groups in LTC settings.

Conclusions
The challenges identified in this analysis are supported by existing literature, which is significant given the different contexts within which such research has been undertaken. Collectively, this knowledge base can support evidence-informed improvements to telehealth for physician care in LTC settings. Future research should capture the perspectives of diverse cultural groups, LTC residents with cognitive impairments, and those who provide and receive care in rural settings.
Spatiotemporal instability and optical filament formation in metamaterials
Authors: Bani Wellstandfree K. , Sabeer V. , Ali A. K. Shafeeque , Abolaban Fouad A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the spatiotemporal instability in artificial metamaterials, with a focus on generating ultrashort pulses or light filaments. We identify the parametric regions where the metamaterial exhibits spatiotemporal instability, enabling the generation of ultrashort pulses. Our approach involves modeling nonlinear pulse propagation in the metamaterial using a (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation and performing a standard linear stability analysis to explore the spatiotemporal instability. Leveraging the engineering freedom to tailor the material parameters, we numerically demonstrate the generation of ultrashort pulses through spatiotemporal instability.
Comparative transcriptomic analysis of articular cartilage of post-traumatic osteoarthritis models
Authors: Gilbert Sophie J. , Soul Jamie , Hao Yao , Lin Hua , Piróg Katarzyna A. , Coxhead Jonathan , Patel Krutik , Barter Matt J. , Young David A. , Blain Emma J. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Animal models of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) recapitulate the pathological changes observed in human PTOA. Here, skeletally mature C57Bl6 mice were subjected to either rapid-onset non-surgical mechanical rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or to surgical destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM). Transcriptome profiling of micro-dissected cartilage at day 7 or day 42 following ACL or DMM procedure, respectively, showed that the two models were comparable and highly correlative. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified similarly enriched pathways that were overrepresented by anabolic terms. To address the transcriptome changes more completely in the ACL model, we also performed small RNA sequencing, describing the first microRNA profile of this model. miR-199-5p was amongst the most abundant, yet differentially expressed, microRNAs, and its inhibition in primary human chondrocytes led to a transcriptome response that was comparable to that observed in both human ‘OA damaged vs intact cartilage’ and murine DMM cartilage datasets. We also experimentally verified CELSR1, GIT1, ECE1 and SOS2 as novel miR-199-5p targets. Together, these data support the use of the ACL rupture model as a non-invasive companion to the DMM model.
How Does a Health Insurance Program Covering 500 Million Poor Impact Credit Market Outcomes?
Authors: Tantri Prasanna 
Published: September 2024

I study the impact of the world’s largest publicly funded health insurance plan for the poor on credit markets. India launched a health insurance plan that covered 500 million beneficiaries. The fact that opposition-ruled states did not implement the program for political reasons allows me to compare border districts of implemented and nonimplemented states within a difference-in-differences framework. I find that loan delinquency reduced significantly in implemented districts. Increased liquidity for loan repayment seems to be the mechanism at work. I rule out the federal-level ruling party’s influence as an explanation. This paper was accepted by Kay Giesecke, finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01039 .
Health literacy and its determinants among higher education students in the Alentejo region of southern Portugal—A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Rosário Jorge , Dias Sara Simões , Dias Sónia , Pedro Ana Rita 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
The capacity of higher education students to comprehend and act on health information is a pivotal factor in attaining favourable health outcomes and well-being. Assessing the health literacy of these students is essential in order to develop targeted interventions and provide informed health support. The aim of this study was to identify the level of health literacy and to analyse its relationship with determinants such as socio-demographic variables, chronic disease, perceived health status, and perceived availability of money for expenses among higher education students in the Alentejo region of southern Portugal.

Methodology
An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted between 22 June and 12 September 2023. An online structured questionnaire consisting of the Portuguese version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire—16 items (HLS-EU-PT-Q16), including socio-demographic data, presence of chronic diseases, perceived health status, and availability of money for expenses. Data were analysed using independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, post-hoc Gabriel’s test, and multivariate logistic regression analyses at a significance level of 0.05. Regression models were used to investigate the relationship between health literacy and various determinants. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Évora, and all participants gave written informed consent.

Results
Analysis of the HLS-EU-PT-Q16 showed that 82.3% of the 1228 students sampled had limited health literacy. The mean health literacy score was 19.3 ± 12.8 on a scale of 0 to 50, with subscores of 19.4 ± 13.9 for health care, 19.1 ± 13.1 for disease prevention, and 19.0 ± 13.7 for health promotion. Significant associations were found between health literacy and several determinants. Higher health literacy was associated with the absence of chronic diseases. Regression analysis showed that lower health literacy was associated with not attending health-related courses, not living with a health professional, perceiving limited availability of money for expenses, and having an unsatisfactory health status.

Conclusion
This study improves the understanding of health literacy levels among higher education students in Alentejo, Portugal, and identifies key determinants. Higher education students in this region had relatively low levels of health literacy, which may have a negative impact on their health outcomes. These findings highlight the need for interventions to improve health literacy among higher education students and to address the specific needs of high-risk subgroups in the Alentejo.