bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intensifying Cyclopentanone Synthesis from Furfural Using Supported Copper Catalysts
Authors: Patil Adarsh , Engelbert van Bevervoorde Maurik , Neira d'Angelo Fernanda 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis work addresses catalytic strategies to intensify the synthesis of cyclopentanone, a bio‐based platform chemical and a potential SAF precursor, via Cu‐catalyzed furfural hydrogenation in aqueous media. When performed in a single step, using either uniform or staged catalytic bed configuration, high temperature and hydrogen pressures (180 °C and 38 bar) are necessary for maximum CPO yields (37 and 49 %, respectively). Parallel furanic ring hydrogenation of furfural and polymerisation of intermediates, namely furfuryl alcohol (FFA), limit CPO yields. Employing a two step configuration with optimal catalyst bed can curb this limitation. First, the furanic ring hydrogenation can be suppressed by using milder conditions (i. e., 150 °C and 7 bar, and 14 seconds of residence time). Second, FFA hydrogenation using tandem catalysis, i. e., a mix of β‐zeolite and Cu/ZrO2, at 180 °C, 38 bar and 0.6, allows sufficient time for CPO formation and minimises polymerisation of FFA, thereby resulting in 60 % CPO yield. Therefore, this work recommends a split strategy to produce CPO from furfural. Such modularity may aid in addressing flexible market needs.
Long‐term efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors for elderly patients with acute decompensated heart failure: The OASIS‐HF study
Authors: Amioka Michitaka , Kinoshita Hiroki , Fuji Yuto , Nitta Kazuhiro , Yamane Kenichi , Shokawa Tomoki , Nakano Yukiko 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsSodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been widely demonstrated to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and heart failure (HF) hospitalization, regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, data on the extent to which rehospitalization is suppressed following HF hospitalization are limited. This study investigated the effects of SGLT2i on rehospitalization and cardiovascular death.Methods and resultsThe OASIS‐HF study, a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study, enrolled 361 patients aged ≥75 years hospitalized for acute decompensated HF. The impact on composite events of HF rehospitalization or cardiovascular death and the number of annual rehospitalizations were evaluated between the conventional medical therapy and SGLT2i groups. The change in eGFR slope at the 1‐year mark after the initiation of treatment in both groups was also assessed. Over an average follow‐up period of 24.9 months, composite events occurred in 70 (35.4%) of the conventional therapy group and 36 (22.1%) of the SGLT2i group (log‐rank: P = 0.016). The average number of rehospitalizations for HF per year was 0.22 ± 0.13 vs. 0.14 ± 0.08, respectively (P = 0.019). The change in eGFR over 1 year was significantly slower in the SGLT2i group compared with the conventional group (−3.55 ± 8.46 vs. −1.42 ± 7.28 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = 0.025).ConclusionsThe SGLT2i are not only associated with the reduction of the composite events of HF rehospitalization or cardiovascular death and protect against worsening renal function but also with a decrease in long‐term repeated HF rehospitalizations.
Exploring the Neural Mechanisms of Mirrored‐Self Misidentification in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Sun Zhen , Chen Gang , Gan Jinghuan , Tang Yuqiao , Wu Hao , Shi Zhihong , Yi Tingting , Yang Yaqi , Liu Shuai , Ji Yong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition that causes a range of cognitive disturbances, including mirror‐self misidentification syndrome (MSM), in which patients cannot recognize themselves in a mirror. However, the mechanism of action of MSM is not precisely known. This study aimed to explore the possible neural mechanisms of action of MSM in AD using dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI).MethodsThis study included 48 AD patients, 13 in the MSM group and 35 in the non‐MSM group. The permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) was quantitatively monitored by measuring the transfer rate (Ktrans) of the contrast agent from the vasculature to the surrounding tissue using DCE‐MRI. The concentration of contrast agents in different brain regions was measured, and the Patlak model was used to calculate Ktrans. Ktrans values were compared between the left and right cerebral hemispheres in different brain areas between the MSM and non‐MSM groups. Additionally, the difference in Ktrans values between mild and severe MSM was assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the risk factors for MSM.ResultsThe Mann‒Whitney U test was used to compare two groups and revealed elevated Ktrans values in the left thalamus, left putamen, left globus pallidus, left corona radiata, and right caudate in the MSM group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that increased Ktrans values in the left putamen (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.04, 2.26) and left globus pallidus (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.02, 2.31) may be risk factors for MSM. After dividing MSM patients into mild and moderate‐severe groups, the Ktrans values of the thalamus in the moderate‐severe group were greater than those in the mild group (p < 0.05).ConclusionOur study revealed the relationship between BBB permeability and MSM in AD. MSM is associated with BBB breakdown in the left putamen and globus pallidus. The left putamen and globus pallidus may function in mirror self‐recognition. Higher BBB permeability in the thalamus may reflect the severity of AD in MSM.
Establishing a novel score system and using it to assess and compare the quality of ChatGPT‐4 consultation with physician consultation for obstetrics and gynecology: A pilot study
Authors: Lan Lan , Yang Ling , Li Jinyan , Hou Jia , Yan Yunsheng , Zhang Yaozong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesIn the current study, we aimed to establish a quantified scoring system for evaluating consultation quality. Subsequently, using the score system to assess the quality of ChatGPT‐4 consultations, we compared them with physician consultations when presented with the same clinical cases from obstetrics and gynecology.MethodsThis study was conducted in the Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, a tertiary‐care hospital with approximately 16 000–20 000 deliveries and 8500–12 000 gynecologic surgeries per year. The detailed data from obstetric and gynecologic medical records were analyzed by ChatGPT‐4 and physicians; the consultation opinions were then generated respectively. All consultation opinions were graded by eight junior doctors using the novel score system; subsequently, the correlation, agreement, and comparison between the two types of consultation opinions were then evaluated.ResultsA total of 100 medical records from obstetrics and 100 medical records from gynecology were randomly selected. Pearson correlation analysis suggested a noncorrelation or weak correlation between consultations from ChatGPT‐4 and physicians. Bland–Altman plot showed an unacceptable agreement between the two types of consultation opinions. Paired t tests showed that the scores of physician consultations were significantly higher than those generated by ChatGPT‐4 in both obstetric and gynecologic patients.ConclusionAt present, ChatGPT‐4 may not be a substitute for physicians in consultations for obstetric and gynecologic patients. Therefore, it is crucial to pay careful attention and conduct ongoing evaluations to ensure the quality of consultation opinions generated by ChatGPT‐4.
Long‐term nanoplastics exposure contributes to impaired steroidogenesis by disrupting the hypothalamic‐testis axis: Evidence from integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis
Authors: He Qian , Li Xin , Xie Caiyan , Zhang Mingzhe , Lai Zebin , Zhou Yan , Luo Lei , Yang Yunxiao , Qu Mengyuan , Tian Kunming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCumulative evidence suggested that nanoplastics (NPs) cause male toxicity, but the mechanisms of which are still misty. Steroidogenesis is a key biological event that responsible for maintaining reproductive health. However, whether dysregulated steroidogenesis is involved in NPs‐induced impaired male reproductive function and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In our study, Balb/c mice were continuously exposed to pristine‐NPs or NH2‐NPs for 12 weeks, spanning the puberty and adult stage. Upon the long‐term NPs treatment, the hypothalamus and testis were subjected to transcriptome and metabolome analysis. And the results demonstrated that both primitive‐NPs and NH2‐NPs resulted in impaired spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis, as evidenced by a significant reduction in sperm quality, testosterone, FSH, and LH. The expression of genes involved in hypothalamic‐pituitary‐testis (HPT) axis, such as Kiss‐1 and Cyp17a1 that encoded the key steroid hormone synthetase, was also diminished. Furthermore, the phosphatidylcholine and pantothenic acid that mainly enriched in glycerophospholipid metabolism were significantly reduced in the testis. Comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome indicated that down‐regulated Cyp17a1 was associated with decreased metabolites phosphatidylcholine and pantothenic acid. Overall, we speculate that the disturbed HPT axis induced by long‐term NPs contributes to disordered glycerophospholipid metabolism and subsequently impaired steroidogenesis. Our findings deepen the understanding of the action of the mechanism responsible for NPs‐induced male reproductive toxicology.
Characterizing Biomechanics of Limbal Niche Using Vibrational Optical Coherence Elastography
Authors: Dimmock Ryan , Zhang Yilong , Butt Gibran F. , Rauz Saaeha , Huang Zhihong , Yang Ying 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe limbal niche is an adult source of epithelial stem cells which regenerate the cornea epithelium. The architecture and biomechanical properties of the limbus have previously been demonstrated to change due to aging and disease. This study aims to non‐destructively and simultaneously quantify these limbal niche properties, along with their age‐related changes. A lab‐built vibrational optical coherence elastography (OCE) device consisting of a phase‐sensitive optical coherence tomography (OCT) with a vibrational stimulator has been used to collect structural images and the depth‐resolved elasticity of human corneoscleral tissues (aged 4–96 years old). The limbal palisades of Vogt (POV) were delineated well in OCT images which were validated by histology. The POVs have been spatially mapped with simultaneous elasticity measurements in cross‐sections, showing tissue stiffness distributions across the undulations. A significant influence of age on the dimensions of the POVs was explored. The elastic modulus within the limbal niches for the ≥65‐year‐old group was significantly higher than that of the <65‐year‐old group.
Molecular Biomarkers for In Vitro Thrombogenicity Assessment of Medical Device Materials
Authors: Patel Mehulkumar , Parrish Anna , Serna Carlos , Jamiolkowski Megan , Srinivasan Keerthana , Malinauskas Richard , Lu Qijin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTTo develop standardized in vitro thrombogenicity test methods for evaluating medical device materials, three platelet activation biomarkers, beta‐thromboglobulin (β‐TG), platelet factor 4 (PF4), soluble p‐selectin (CD62P), and a plasma coagulation marker, thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT), were investigated. Whole blood, drawn from six healthy human volunteers into Anticoagulant Citrate Dextrose Solution A was recalcified and heparinized over a concentration range of 0.5–1.5 U/mL. The blood was incubated with test materials with different thrombogenic potentials for 60 min at 37°C, using a 6 cm2/mL material surface area to blood volume ratio. After incubation, the blood platelet count was measured before centrifuging the blood to prepare platelet‐poor plasma (PPP) and platelet‐free plasma (PFP) for enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analysis of the biomarkers. The results show that all four markers effectively differentiated the materials with different thrombogenic potentials at heparin concentrations from 1.0 to 1.5 U/mL. When a donor‐specific heparin concentration (determined by activated clotting time) was used, the markers were able to differentiate materials consistently for blood from all the donors. Additionally, using PFP instead of PPP further improved the test method's ability to differentiate the thrombogenic materials from the negative control for β‐TG and TAT. Moreover, the platelet activation markers were able to detect reversible platelet activation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP). In summary, all three platelet activation markers (β‐TG, PF4, and CD62P) can distinguish thrombogenic potentials of different materials and detect ADP‐induced reversible platelet activation. Test consistency and sensitivity can be enhanced by using a donor‐specific heparin concentration and PFP. The same test conditions are applicable to the measurement of coagulation marker TAT.
Need for specially designed educational support groups: Young women's experiences of being identified with BRCA pathogenic variants
Authors: Johnsen Kjærsti Busk , Strømsvik Nina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn Norway, genetic testing is permitted from the age of 16, and females identified with pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes (BRCA PVs) can manage their cancer risk through screening programs and/or by undergoing risk‐reducing surgery from the age of 25 years'. This qualitative study aimed to explore and describe how women under the age of 25 years' experience the genetic counseling and testing process for BRCA PVs and living with an increased cancer risk. Semi‐structured individual interviews were conducted with five women with BRCA PVs. Thematic cross‐case data analysis with systematic text condensation was used. Three main themes were identified: (1) experience with genetic counseling and testing, (2) impact of pathogenic variants on participants' future, and (3) social and psychological support needs. Women perceive genetic counseling as a source of information and care. The decision for genetic testing was made autonomously, both in line with and conflicting with the parents' wishes. Living with genetic risk adds a layer of worry and pressure regarding future decisions. Many experienced loneliness owing to a lack of contact with other young women with BRCA PVs. The results of this study indicate the need for better support after genetic testing, such as the need for educational support groups specially designed for these young women and a meeting place with their peers. Genetic counselors need to emphasize the opportunity for follow‐up counseling and give assistance to choose suitable psychologists.
Advances in the Clinical Study of Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement
Authors: Zhao Nannan , Shen Yuanyu , Shi Dafa , Mao Yumeng , Wang Guangsong , Xiao Gang , Xu Dongyuan , Yan Gen 
Published: September 2024

Nuclear overhauser enhancement is a confounding factor arising from the in vivo application of a chemical exchange saturation transfer technique in which two nuclei in close proximity undergo dipole cross‐relaxation. Several studies have shown applicability and efficacy of nuclear overhauser enhancement in observing tumors and other lesions in vivo. Thus, this effect could become an emerging molecular imaging research tool for many diseases. Moreover, nuclear overhauser enhancement has the advantages of simplicity, noninvasiveness, and high resolution and has become a major focus of current research. In this review, we summarize the principles and applications of nuclear overhauser enhancement.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 1
A population‐based study on the associations of thyroid cancer with chronic periodontitis
Authors: Yang Tzong‐Hann , Cheng Yen‐Fu , Lin Herng‐Ching , Chen Chin‐Shyan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundEmerging concerns link periodontitis to an array of cancers, notably thyroid cancer, though investigations into these associations are still in the nascent stages. This population‐based study aimed to investigate the association of thyroid cancer with chronic periodontitis using Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 (LHID2010).MethodsThis case‐control study utilized LHID2010, selecting 2,775 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer, matched with 8,325 controls based on age, sex, income, and the presence of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, human papillomavirus infection, and tobacco use disorder using propensity‐score matching. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of thyroid cancer with chronic periodontitis.ResultsA chi‐squared analysis demonstrated a significant disparity in the prevalence of chronic periodontitis between those diagnosed with thyroid cancer and the controls, with prevalence rates of 38.5% and 24.1% respectively, and a p‐value less than 0.001. The odds ratio (OR) for having prior chronic periodontitis among patients with thyroid cancer compared to controls was 1.991, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.816–2.184 and a p‐value less than 0.001. The association was similar between sexes, yielding adjusted ORs of 1.991 (95% CI = 1.816∼2.184) for men and 1.962 (95% CI = 1.765−2.182) for women, indicating a statistically significant higher prevalence of chronic periodontitis in both male and female patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer compared to their control counterparts.ConclusionThe findings highlight chronic periodontitis as a potential risk factor for thyroid cancer, underscoring the importance of integrated health surveillance and preventive strategies that encompass oral health.Plain Language SummaryThis study aimed to explore the link between thyroid cancer and chronic periodontitis. Using Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 (LHID2010), we selected 2,775 patients with thyroid cancer and matched them with 8,325 individuals without the disease based on age, sex, income, and other health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, HPV infection, and smoking habits. The study used statistical models to examine the relationship between thyroid cancer and chronic periodontitis. The findings showed that 38.5% of thyroid cancer patients had chronic periodontitis, compared to 24.1% of the control group. The odds of having chronic periodontitis were nearly twice as high in thyroid cancer patients. This pattern was consistent for both men and women. The study underscores the strong connection between chronic periodontitis and thyroid cancer, emphasizing the importance of raising public awareness about the potential risks of periodontitis.
Role of Multisensory Marketing of Bath Amenities in Luxury Hotel Customers' Perceived Value
Authors: Park Jungkun , Yun Jeewoo , Ahn Jiseon 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe popularity of sensory marketing has piqued the interest of luxury service providers in designing service environments to stimulate the senses of customers seeking a unique luxury experience. Providing high‐quality hotel products allows an opportunity to gain a competitive advantage through brand differentiation. This study explores the link between the multisensory marketing of bath amenities (stimulus), perceived value (organism), and behavioral intention (response) based on the stimulus–organism–response framework. The data were collected from luxury hotel customers in the United States. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed relationships. The results show that customers with a high level of sensory experience tend to perceive high hedonic, quality, and prestige values. Further, perceived value affected customers' behavioral intentions (i.e., purchase and revisit intentions) through satisfaction. These findings offer useful guidelines for service providers on how they can achieve sustainable growth by differentiating brands using sensory attributes.
Histological characterization of rat vocal fold across different postnatal periods
Authors: Li Xumao , Lin Xinsheng , Xie Xinqiao , Chen Xiangyu , Xie Yuhui , Sun Guangbin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the vocal fold histological characteristics during different postnatal periods in rats, especially older rats.MethodsSprague–Dawley rats aged 4 days, 4 and 12 weeks, and 12 and 24 months were used for the experiment. Five larynges were obtained for each age and cut into 5‐μm consecutive sections. The expression of Ki‐67 was assessed using immunohistochemistry to examine cell proliferation. Elastic van Gieson staining was used to detect the collagen and elastin concentrations. The cell type was determined using multicolor immunofluorescence.ResultsKi‐67 was not expressed in the macula flava (MF) of 12‐week‐, 12‐month‐, and 24‐month‐old adults. Collagen fibers in the lamina propria (LP) increased with age. The elastic fiber concentrations in the LP decreased significantly at 24 months (p < .01) but remained stable in the MF. All posterior MF cells showed strong glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin‐positive reactions with weaker expressions of CD68 and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA). The myofibroblasts (α‐SMA‐positive) and macrophages (CD68‐positive) in the LP of the 24‐month‐old rats were significantly the highest (p < .01).ConclusionThe extracellular matrix in the LP increases with age, presenting as an increase in collagen with the loss of elastin, which may be due to myofibroblast proliferation. Moreover, the cellular properties or extracellular matrix components of the mature MF in rats are comparable to those in humans.
Development of pH‐responsive Hydrogel from Copolymers of Artemisia vulgaris Seed Mucilage, Mucin, and poly(methacrylate) for Controlled Delivery of Acyclovir Sodium
Authors: Taslim Fouzia , Ashraf Muhammad Umer , Farooq Muhammad , Mahmood Asif , Sarfraz Rai Muhammad , Ijaz Hira , Shahid Nariman , Gad Heba A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo cope with the constraints of conventional drug delivery systems, site‐specific drug delivery systems are the major focus of researchers. The present research developed water‐swellable, pH‐responsive methacrylic acid‐based hydrogel scaffolds of Artemisia vulgaris seed mucilage with mucin and loaded with acyclovir sodium as a model drug. The developed hydrogel discs are evaluated for diverse parameters. Drug loading efficiency in all formulations ranges from 63% to 75%. The hydrogels exhibited pH‐dependent swelling, displaying optimum swelling in a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), and insignificant swelling in an acidic buffer (pH 1.2), in addition, they responded well to electrolyte concentrations. The sol‐gel fraction is estimated ranging from 60 to 95%. Dissolution studies unveiled sustained drug release for 24 h in a phosphate buffer of pH 7.4, exhibiting zero‐order release kinetics. Moreover, FTIR spectra confirmed the drug‐excipient compatibility. SEM photomicrographs revealed a rough and porous surface of hydrogel discs with several pores and channels. The PXRD diffractograms exposed the amorphous nature of the polymeric blends. The findings of acute toxicity studies proved the developed hydrogel network is biocompatible. Therefore, these outcomes connote the newly created network as a smart delivery system, able to dispatch acyclovir sodium into the intestinal segment for a prolonged period.