bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Antihyperglycemic Effects of Adzuki (Vigna angularis) Polyphenols on Mice and Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Kuriya Kenji , Osumi Masahide , Ishihara Mana , Nishio Masahiro , Katsuzaki Hirotaka , Sono Junpei , Nakamura Masahiro , Umekawa Hayato 
Published: September 2024

Background/Purpose Some health-beneficial foods, including adzuki beans ( Vigna angularis), can show antihyperglycemic effects. Adzuki bean-derived polyphenols, such as (+)-catechin 7- O- β-d-glucopyranoside (C7G) and (+)-epicatechin 7- O- β-d-glucopyranoside (E7G), could be potential inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, however, few studies of the activity of adzuki polyphenols have been performed in vivo. Thus, we evaluated the antihyperglycemic effects of crude adzuki bean extract containing polyphenols (ABP), and purified C7G or E7G using mice and Caco-2 cells. Methods Six-week-old male ICR mice were orally administered ABP (100 or 250 mg/kg), C7G or E7G (15 or 40 mg/kg), and sucrose (2 g/kg). Blood samples were taken from the lateral tail vein to measure the blood glucose levels at various times over 0–120 min. Cultured caco-2 cells, an intestinal model, were treated with ABP, C7G, or E7G. The glucose concentration in the medium was measured to examine the activity of α-glucosidase. Results Administration of adzuki polyphenols decreased blood glucose levels, especially E7G administration significantly showed antihyperglycemic effects in vivo. In Caco-2 cells, α-glucosidase activity was significantly decreased by ABP, C7G, or E7G addition in a dose-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. Conclusion These results suggest that C7G and E7G in adzuki bean extract inhibited sucrose-degrading enzymes to elicit antihyperglycemic effects in vivo, which supports the results of previous studies using adzuki beans, and may contribute to health promotion.
Glochidion Species: A Review on Phytochemistry and Pharmacology
Authors: Linh Nguyen Ngoc , Hop Nguyen Quang , Nhung Phi Thi Tuyet , Dao Pham Thi Bich , Manh Vu Quoc , Pham Ty Viet , Son Ninh The 
Published: September 2024

Objectives The genus Glochidion (the family Phyllanthaceae) is used for various medicinal purposes, such as dysentery, diarrhea, cough, and skin protection. A review of phytochemical and pharmacological aspects for this remains unavailable. The current study tends to sum up a detailed list of phytochemicals, and their role in biological examinations. Methods References in English were obtained by an extensive search across various electronic data sources, encompassing Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The “Sci-Finder” was also utilized to find references and revise chemical structures. Referenced documents have been gathered from the 1960s to date. It also noted that Glochidion, phytochemistry, and pharmacology are likely the keywords to seek for references. Results Over 240 naturally occurring phytochemicals were isolated and identified from various Glochidion tissues, including terpenoids, sterols, saponins, lignans, flavonoids, mono-phenols, megastigmanes, butenolides, glycosides, alkaloids, cyanogens, tocopherols, fatty acids, and others. Three naturally occurring triterpenoids glochidonol, glochidiol, and glochidone are the likely characteristic metabolites, being isolated frequently. Glochidion crude extracts and their isolated compounds have been demonstrated as potential agents in various pharmacological targets, such as cytotoxicity, antioxidant, antiinflammation, and neuron and liver protection. Conclusion Several isolates acted as promising agents in pharmacological assays. The anticancer mechanisms of various triterpenoids and saponins, especially new and potential compounds, are expected. Pharmacological advancements to enhance the efficacies of Glochidion constituents, such as synergistic combinations and nano-drug formulations, are encouraged.
Underage girls’ pregnancy during schooling in Niger: Socio-demographic aspect, causes, effect and control. A prospective cohort study
Authors: Hamidou Soumana Diaouga , Maimouna Chaibou Yacouba , Mahamane Mobarak Salifou Abdou , Madeleine Garba Rahamatou , Nafiou Idi , Mayama Nayama 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, the socio-demographic aspect, the consequences on the schooling of girls and the control measures of underage pregnancy in schooling in Niger. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study over a 12-month period. The study concerned pregnant and parturient girls who were minors and in the process of attending school in the city of Niamey in the Republic of Niger. The socio-demographic, obstetric and school data of 184 underage girls admitted to the Issaka Gazobi Maternity Hospital in Niamey during the study period were collected and analysed. At the same time, we conducted interviews in 30 schools and educational inspection services in the city of Niamey, in order to gather qualitative data on the phenomenon of pregnancy and childbirth among minors in schools. Results: The frequency of childbirth among under-age students was 3.06% in our maternity. The average age was 15.7 years. Nine out of 10 minors (90.7%) had become mothers by the end of the study. School drop-out rates were high (53.8%). According to our interviews with school leaders, the factors at the root of pregnancy in Niamey schools are socio-cultural and religious (factors linked to the vulnerability of young girls, the lack of sex education within families and schools, and peer pressure, cultural and religious considerations which encourages early marriage and pregnancy, and the low contraceptive prevalence rate in Niger). Conclusion: Pregnancy in the school environment is common in Niger and has repercussions on the normal progress of schooling. This study recommended adequate parental implication, eradication of street hawking and inculcation of moral values through religious bodies as ways of reducing underage girls’ pregnancy in schooling in Niger.
Pilot study of musculoskeletal discomfort in Indonesian pregnant workers during COVID-19 pandemic era
Authors: Hasiholan Bonardo Prayogo , Susilowati Indri Hapsari , Withers Mellissa 
Published: September 2024

Objective: This pilot study aims to analyze the factors influencing musculoskeletal discomfort in pregnant workers in Indonesia from occupational aspects, especially during the pandemic, to recommend further interventions and policies for a safer and healthier workplace. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. It used an online questionnaire to collect data on individual, occupational, and work environmental factors and musculoskeletal discomfort. We used Chi-square and logistic regression analysis to determine associations between the risk factors and the musculoskeletal discomfort. Results: A total of 126 women from multiple employment sectors participated. About 59% of respondents reported discomfort, with the majority having pain in the lower back (62.2%). Chi-square analysis revealed that age, history of injury, subjective agility and speed, length of working days in a week, and subjective temperature conformity were associated with the prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort. Logistic regression revealed that age ( p = 0.018 and OR = 2.218) and temperature conformity ( p = 0.049 and OR = 2.157) were the most significant independent predictors of musculoskeletal discomfort. Conclusion: This study shows that temperature conformity is a predictor of musculoskeletal discomfort. Employers should consider this when determining whether their workplace is suitable for pregnant women. The treatment of younger workers needs attention, especially during pregnancy, they may need extra accommodation during pregnancy.
AR–AI assisted ophthalmic nursing: Preliminary usability study in clinical settings
Authors: Huang Changke , Sheng Yaying , Lian Hengli , Zhang Wenjie , Lin Hui , Huang Xiaofang , Tang Ning , Zhao Lvjun , Guo Yingxuan 
Published: September 2024

Objective Ophthalmic ward nursing work is onerous and busy, and many researchers have tried to introduce artificial intelligence (AI) technology to assist nurses in performing nursing tasks. This study aims to use augmented reality (AR) and AI technology to develop an intelligent assistant system for ophthalmic ward nurses and evaluate the usability and acceptability of the system in assisting clinical work for nurses. Methods Based on AR technology, under the framework of deep learning, the system management, functions, and interfaces were completed using acoustic recognition, voice interaction, and image recognition technologies. Finally, an intelligent assistance system with functions such as patient face recognition, automatic information matching, and nursing work management was developed. Ophthalmic day ward nurses were invited to participate in filling out the System Usability Scale (SUS). Using the AR-based intelligent assistance system (AR-IAS) as the experimental group and the existing personal digital assistant (PDA) system as the control group. The experimental results of the three subscales of learnability, efficiency, and satisfaction of the usability scale were compared, and the clinical usability score of the AR-IAS system was calculated. Results This study showed that the AR-IAS and the PDA systems had learnability subscale scores of 22.50/30.00 and 21.00/30.00, respectively; efficiency subscale scores of 29.67/40.00 and 28.67/40.00, respectively; and satisfaction subscale scores of 23.67/30.00 and 23.17/30.00, respectively. The overall usability score of the AR-IAS system was 75.83/100.00. Conclusion Based on the analysis results of the System Usability Scale, the AR-IAS system developed using AR and AI technology has good overall usability and can be accepted by clinical nurses. It is suitable for use in ophthalmic nursing tasks and has clinical promotion and further research value.
Using online wellness assessment to screen for risk of lowered work ability, burnout, depression and anxiety in occupational health: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kauppi Krista , Korpela Katri , Borg Patrik , Roos Eira , Torkki Paulus 
Published: September 2024

Objectives An increasing prevalence of disability and sickness absences related to mental health highlights the need to find scalable measures to identify common occupational health challenges early on. This study (1) investigates how well current work ability measures capture psychosocial occupational health challenges, (2) examines how online wellness questionnaire data are linked to these challenges and (3) suggests a limited set of questions for screening employees. Methods A total 709 employees filled out a wellness survey, the Work Ability Index, the Bergen Burnout Indicator and screening questions for generalized anxiety disorder and depression. The survey question clusters and previously identified domains of wellness were used to examine the correlations between the domains and occupational health indicators. Linear models and stepwise Akaike information criterion model reduction were used to identify questions that most explained variation in each challenge. The strongest questions were combined into a set, and recursive partitioning was used to form a screening tool for occupational health. Results Despite over 80% of participants having good perceived work ability, we found a simultaneous anxiety risk in 22%, depression risk in 30%, some burnout symptoms in 7% and presenteeism in 36% of the participants. Correlations between several wellness domains and occupational health indicators were found. We identified eight questions that could be used to screen for a combined risk of lowered work ability, burnout, anxiety or depression. Conclusions Our results demonstrate current measures not being sufficient to capture employees’ mental health and suggest a brief set of questions to identify employees at risk.
Digital health literacy and its determinants among community dwelling elderly people in Taiwan
Authors: Tran Tu T. , Chang Peter WS , Yang Jenn-Ming , Chen Tso-Hsiao , Su Chien-Tien , Levin-Zamir Diane , Baron-Epel Orna , Neter Efrat , Tsai Shih Feng , Lo Bryan , Duong Tuyen V , Yang Shwu-Huey 
Published: September 2024

Background Digital Health Literacy (DHL) is crucial in navigating digital health environments, yet few studies focus on older adults. Objective Explore the associations of digital health information and resource utilization, IT-related social support, and barriers/enhancers to digital health service usage with DHL among older adults. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to April 2023, involving 417 individuals over the age of 60 who were interviewed using an instrument for collecting data on DHL, social support, barriers/enhancers influencing use of digital health resources and personal/demographic data. Multi-regression models were used to examine the associations. Results Higher DHL scores were associated with daily use of digital interaction with healthcare ( B = 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.07, 0.49; p = .01), daily use of other digital health resources ( B = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.05, 0.40; p = .01), ease in finding assistance for online navigation ( B = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.08, 0.45; p = .01), self-perceived digital proficiency (“usually very good at surfing the internet,” B = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.18, 0.52; p = .01), assistance from relatives/others in internet browsing ( B = 0.20; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.37; p = .02), and having access to a computer, tablet, or smartphone ( B = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.11, 0.47, p = .01). Conversely, barriers like “no access to a computer, tablet, or phone at all times” ( B = −0.19; 95% CI = −0.34, −0.04; p = .01), “difficulty understanding online content” ( B = −0.22; 95% CI = −0.36, −0.07; p = .01), and “believing to be too old for online services” ( B = −0.18; 95% CI = −0.32, −0.03; p = .02) were associated with lower DHL scores. Conclusions Engagement with digital health platforms, including making online appointments and accessing personal health records, is associated with higher DHL levels. Support from relatives or others, a modifiable attribute, is also associated with elevated DHL among older adults.
Assessment of an interactive television that supports social connectedness among older adults living at home and in geriatric institutions: Usability and task performance analysis
Authors: Naudé Bérangère , Rigaud Anne-Sophie , Dacunha Sébastien , Pino Maribel 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Increasingly, geriatric institutions are adopting video calling services to promote social interactions between residents and their loved ones. However, a gap persists between the technologies used and the needs and abilities of older users. Interactive Televisions (iTVs) could be part of the solution as they provide a familiar and accessible way to strengthen the relationship between residents and their environment (family, friends, professionals). Methods User tests were conducted to evaluate the ability of older adults (OAs) from different place of living to use iTV. A total of 32 user tests were carried out with OAs living at home, in residential facilities (RFs), and in nursing homes (NHs) between November 2022 and June 2023. Results The quantitative analysis revealed mixed opinions on the iTV’s usability. OAs living at home tended to produce less errors and needed less help to successfully use video calling and messaging functionalities of the iTV than others. However, participants in NHs required more repetitions to benefit from a learning effect, unlike participants in RFs and at home. Conclusions This study proposed another approach to user testing, based on cognitive psychology methods. Based on the analysis of the critical stages, ergonomic recommendations were identified.
Life Satisfaction Among Diverse Participants
Authors: Milo Razel Bacuetes , Ramira Maria Luisa B. , Martinez Nicole 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Mental health (MH) conditions are among the most common chronic health conditions in the United States. Previous studies suggested decreased in life satisfaction post-COVID-19 in other populations outside the United States. This study explored the correlations between life satisfaction and MH among diverse community post-COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional, non-experimental, retrospective study. The primary outcome was the Satisfaction with Life Scale total score (SWLS_TS) and the characteristics of the cases from self-reported information. Statistical software SPSS was used for descriptive and inferential analyses. Results: About 218 cases were included for analysis. Many of the cases were Asian Americans (n = 185, 84.1%). The multiple linear regression model significantly predicted 5.2% of the variance in SWLS_TS. Three out of 6 predictors significantly contributed to the model (age β = .172, t = 2.42, P = .017, ethnicity β = .148, t = 2.07, P = .039, and no history of MH β = .248, t = 3.31, P = .001). Conclusion: A diverse population was examined post-COVID-19 pandemic, and the findings suggest a positive correlation with age, ethnicity, and no history of MH with SWLS_TS.
Nursing Undergraduate Students’ Experiences and Perceptions of Blended Learning in Pediatric Nursing: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Yang Yuanyuan , Chen Hua , Sun Hongyu 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Blended learning is a teaching approach that integrates online self-learning and classroom teaching. It emphasizes students’ self-directed learning, actively engaging, as well as communication and collaboration. Blended learning develops the qualities in nursing undergraduate students with problem-solving ability, clinical thinking, and communication skills as nurses have. Currently, learners’ experience has become an important factor in determining the success of blended learning. Aim To learn about the experiences and perceptions of undergraduate nursing students regarding blending learning in pediatric nursing. Methods A mixed methods design beginning with a quantitative data collection and analysis phase to inform the subsequent qualitative phase was utilized. This study was conducted among undergraduate nursing students at one university in China. In the quantitative study phase, a convenience sample of 59 students completed the online survey while the qualitative study phase included nine students recruited by purposive sampling. The qualitative data were collected using individual semistructured in-depth interviews. Audio data were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. The findings from those two phases were integrated into the final analysis. Results The majority (89.8%) of students reported satisfaction with blended learning. Among various teaching methods, case-based learning (CBL) was the most preferred (98.3%). Regarding the qualitative data, students reported positive experiences with blended learning including well-organized course structure, resourceful course content, and high teacher quality. They stated that blended learning improved the learning outcomes such as improving problem-solving ability and developing clinical thinking. They also provided suggestions for achieving better learning outcomes, including providing stressful learning activities, optimizing online course design, and improving the quality of group learning. Conclusions The blended learning model of pediatric nursing based on the Community of Inquiry framework provides a positive learning experience for nursing undergraduate students. However, ongoing assessment and improvement of the blended learning process are also needed.
Evaluation of Non-Technical Skills in Students Throughout the Medical Course in Ecuador
Authors: Palacios Olga Cecilia Ortiz , Pramatárova Mila Inés Moreno , Pazin-Filho Antonio 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVES This research focuses on assessing non-technical skills (NTS), comprising behavioral aspects that support an individual's expertise in personal and professional performance. Due to varied terminology, including “soft skills” and other terms, NTS is less understood, leading to a potential gap in the literature and limited attention to their development. This study establishes the need for a comprehensive evaluation of NTS to obtain an objective and complete profile of NTS in students pursuing medicine at the Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE) during 2023, using a standardized and benchmarked psychometric instrument. METHODS A cross-sectional study assessed 1035 students from the first to the 12th semester using the CompeTEA® Test, which evaluates 5 factors encompassing 20 competencies and includes sincerity as a reliability condition. Scores were corrected, analyzed, and standardized using TEAcorrige. RESULTS The study group comprised 1035 undergraduate medical students (36.8% of students at UCE in 2023), with a mean age of 22.1 years (2.7 standard deviation), and 687 (66.4%) were female. We obtained an average score of 77.7 in sincerity. Factors such as intrapersonal, interpersonal, task development, and managerial skills showed variations throughout the course, with some competencies developing positively in intermediate clinical stages. At the same time, most exhibited a decrease toward the end of the program. Comparisons with population levels revealed 19 competencies at Level 2 and 1 competency predominantly at Level 1. CONCLUSION The moderate to low development, with no significant differences based on demographic variables, suggests the need for specific interventions in NTS within comprehensive medical education.
Early statin use is associated with improved survival and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation and recent ischaemic stroke: A propensity-matched analysis of a global federated health database
Authors: Choi Sylvia E , Bucci Tommaso , Huang Jia-yi , Yiu Kai-Hang , Tsang Christopher TW , Lau Kui Kai , Hill Andrew , Irving Greg , Lip Gregory YH , Abdul-Rahim Azmil H 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Statins reduce recurrent stroke and cardiovascular events in patients with non-cardioembolic stroke. The benefits of statins in patients with AF and recent IS remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the benefits of statins in patients with AF and recent IS. Patients and methods: This retrospective, cohort study was conducted using deidentified electronic medical records within TriNetX platform. Patients with AF and recent IS, who received statins within 28 days of their index stroke were propensity score-matched with those who did not. Patients were followed up for up to 2 years. Primary outcomes were the 2-year risk of recurrent IS, all-cause mortality and the composite outcome of all-cause mortality, recurrent IS, transient ischaemic attack (TIA), and acute myocardial infarction (MI). Secondary outcomes were the 2-year risk of TIA, intracranial haemorrhage (ICH), acute MI, and hospital readmission. Cox regression analyses were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Of 20,902 patients with AF and recent IS, 7500 (35.9%) received statins within 28 days of their stroke and 13,402 (64.1%) did not. 11,182 patients (mean age 73.7 ± 11.5; 5277 (47.2%) female) remained after propensity score matching. Patients who received early statins had significantly lower risk of recurrent IS (HR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.41–0.48, p < 0.001), mortality (HR: 0.75, 95%CI: 0.66–0.84, p < 0.001), the composite outcome (HR: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.45–0.52, p < 0.001), TIA (HR: 0.37, 95%CI: 0.30–0.44, p < 0.001), ICH (HR: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.47–0.72, p < 0.001 ), acute MI (HR: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.30–0.42, p < 0.001) and hospital readmission (HR: 0.46, 95%CI: 0.42–0.50, <0.001). Beneficial effects of early statins were evident in the elderly, different ethnic groups, statin dose intensity, and AF subtypes, large vessel occlusion and embolic strokes and within the context of statin lipophilicity, optimal LDL-cholesterol levels, various cardiovascular comorbidities, treatment with intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy, and NIHSS 0–5 and NIHSS > 5 subgroups. Discussion and conclusion: Patients with AF and recent IS, who received early statins, had a lower risk of recurrent stroke, death, and other cardiovascular outcomes including ICH, compared to those who did not.