bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Good mid-term clinical results of a cemented dual mobility cup: a single-centre experience
Authors: Kavčič Gregor , Mirt Pika , Bedenčič Klemen 
Published: June 2017

Introduction and methods: From January 2004 to December 2008, 188 total hip arthroplasties were performed using a cemented dual mobility cup. 174 patients were available for final analysis. Their mean age was 76.8 (range 54-98 years). The mean follow-up was 7.7 years (range 5-10 years). Results: There were no dislocations. Survivorship rates of the femoral and acetabular components were 100% at a minimum of 5 years. At the latest follow-up, the mean Harris Hip Score significantly increased from 31.6 (only arthritic patients) points preoperatively to 84.5 points. No patients had progressive osteolysis, component migration, or loosening on radiographs. 2 patients presented with periprosthetic fractures treated conservatively. 2 patients presented with infection treated without implant removal and 1 patient presented with transient femoral palsy. Conclusions: The results of this consecutive series confirmed the good performance of the cemented dual mobility cup at mean 7.7 years follow-up with no revision and no dislocations.
Euphilomedes biacutidens(Ostracoda, Myodocopida, Philomedidae), a new species from China Sea
Authors: Xiang Peng , Ye Youyin , Chen Xiaoyin , Chen Ruixiang , Lin Mao 
Published: June 2017

Ostracods are one of the major groups of marine benthos, inhabiting virtually all oceanic environments worldwide, and a total of 31 species have been recorded in genusEuphilomedesKornicker, 1967. In the present study, we describe a new speciesEuphilomedes biacutidenscollected from the Taiwan Strait and South China Sea.E. biacutidenssp. nov. differs from the related species of the genusEuphilomedesin having a unique combination of the characteristics of spines on carapace, the filaments on sensory seta, the arrangement of setae on tip of the first antenna, the numbers of setae on appendages, the claws on fifth limb, the teeth on the comb of the seventh limb and furcal claws. It is particularly obvious that it has a bifurcated and pointed ventral corner of the rostrum, two spines on the posterior margin of right valve, a row of teeth along the inner margin of article 3 of the endopod of the second antenna, and some long claws instead of setae on the fifth limb.
Testing monsoonal controls on bedrock river incision in the Himalaya and Eastern Tibet with a stochastic‐threshold stream power model
Authors: Scherler Dirk , DiBiase Roman A. , Fisher G. Burch , Avouac Jean‐Philippe 
Published: June 2017

Abstract10Be‐derived catchment average erosion rates from the Himalaya and Eastern Tibet show different relationships with normalized channel steepness index (ksn), suggesting differences in erosional efficiency of bedrock river incision. We used a threshold stream power model (SPM) combined with a stochastic distribution of discharges to explore the extent to which this observation can be explained by differences in the mean and variability of discharge between the two regions. Based on the analysis of 199 daily discharge records (record lengths 3–45 years; average 18.5 years), we parameterized monsoonal discharge with a weighted sum of two inverse gamma distributions. During both high‐ and low‐flow conditions, annual and interannual discharge variabilities are similarly low in each region. Channel widths for 36 rivers indicate, on average, 25% wider streams in Eastern Tibet than in the Himalaya. Because most catchments with 10Be data are not gauged, we constrained mean annual discharge in these catchments using gridded precipitation data sets that we calibrated to the available discharge records. Comparing 10Be‐derived with modeled erosion rates, the stochastic‐threshold SPM explains regional differences better than a simple SPM based on drainage area or mean annual runoff. Systematic differences at small ksn values can be reconciled with ksn‐dependent erosion thresholds, whereas substantial scatter for high ksn values persists, likely due to methodological limitations. Sensitivity analysis of the stochastic‐threshold SPM calibrated to the Himalaya indicates that changes in the duration or strength of summer monsoon precipitation have the largest effect on erosional efficiency, while changes in monsoonal discharge variability have almost no effect. The modeling approach presented in this study can in principle be used to assess the impact of precipitation changes on erosion.
Indonesian Throughflow drove Australian climate from humid Pliocene to arid Pleistocene
Authors: Christensen Beth A. , Renema Willem , Henderiks Jorijntje , De Vleeschouwer David , Groeneveld Jeroen , Castañeda Isla S. , Reuning Lars , Bogus Kara , Auer Gerald , Ishiwa Takeshige , McHugh Cecilia M. , Gallagher Stephen J. , Fulthorpe Craig S. ,   IODP Expedition 356 Scientists
Published: June 2017

AbstractLate Miocene to mid‐Pleistocene sedimentary proxy records reveal that northwest Australia underwent an abrupt transition from dry to humid climate conditions at 5.5 million years (Ma), likely receiving year‐round rainfall, but after ~3.3 Ma, climate shifted toward an increasingly seasonal precipitation regime. The progressive constriction of the Indonesian Throughflow likely decreased continental humidity and transferred control of northwest Australian climate from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean, leading to drier conditions punctuated by monsoonal precipitation. The northwest dust pathway and fully established seasonal and orbitally controlled precipitation were in place by ~2.4 Ma, well after the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. The transition from humid to arid conditions was driven by changes in Pacific and Indian Ocean circulation and regional atmospheric moisture transport, influenced by the emerging Maritime Continent. We conclude that the Maritime Continent is the switchboard modulating teleconnections between tropical and high‐latitude climate systems.
Long‐term Caspian Sea level change
Authors: Chen J. L. , Pekker T. , Wilson C. R. , Tapley B. D. , Kostianoy A. G. , Cretaux J.‐F. , Safarov E. S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCaspian Sea level (CSL) has undergone substantial fluctuations during the past several hundred years. The causes over the entire historical period are uncertain, but we investigate here large changes seen in the past several decades. We use climate model‐predicted precipitation (P), evaporation (E), and observed river runoff (R) to reconstruct long‐term CSL changes for 1979–2015 and show that PER (P‐E + R) flux predictions agree very well with observed CSL changes. The observed rapid CSL increase (about 12.74 cm/yr) and significant drop (~−6.72 cm/yr) during the periods 1979–1995 and 1996–2015 are well accounted for by integrated PER flux predictions of ~+12.38 and ~−6.79 cm/yr, respectively. We show that increased evaporation rates over the Caspian Sea play a dominant role in reversing the increasing trend in CSL during the past 37 years. The current long‐term decline in CSL is expected to continue into the foreseeable future, under global warming scenarios.
Hourly storm characteristics along the U.S. West Coast: Role of atmospheric rivers in extreme precipitation
Authors: Lamjiri M. A. , Dettinger M. D. , Ralph F. M. , Guan Bin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGridded hourly precipitation observations over the conterminous U.S., from 1948 to 2002, are analyzed to determine climatological characteristics of storm precipitation totals. Despite generally lower hourly intensities, precipitation totals along the U.S. West Coast (USWC) are comparable to those in southeast U.S. (SEUS). Storm durations, more so than hourly intensities, strongly modulate precipitation‐total variability over the USWC, where the correlation coefficients between storm durations and storm totals range from 0.7 to 0.9. Atmospheric rivers (ARs) contribute 30–50% of annual precipitation on the USWC and make such large contributions to extreme storms that 60–100% of the most extreme storms, i.e., storms with precipitation‐total return intervals longer than 2 years, are associated with ARs. These extreme storm totals are more strongly tied to storm durations than to storm hourly or average intensities, emphasizing the importance of AR persistence to extreme storms on the USWC.
Perturbations to the lower ionosphere by tropical cyclone Evan in the South Pacific Region
Authors: Kumar Sushil , NaitAmor Samir , Chanrion Olivier , Neubert Torsten 
Published: June 2017

AbstractVery low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic signals from navigational transmitters propagate worldwide in the Earth‐ionosphere waveguide formed by the Earth and the electrically conducting lower ionosphere. Changes in the signal properties are signatures of variations in the conductivity of the reflecting boundary of the lower ionosphere which is located in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, and their analysis is, therefore, a way to study processes in these remote regions. Here we present a study on amplitude perturbations of local origin on the VLF transmitter signals (NPM, NLK, NAA, and JJI) observed during tropical cyclone (TC) Evan, 9–16 December 2012 when TC was in the proximity of the transmitter‐receiver links. We observed a maximum amplitude perturbation of 5.7 dB on JJI transmitter during 16 December event. From Long Wave Propagation Capability model applied to three selected events we estimate a maximum decrease in the nighttime D region reference height (H′) by ~5.2 km (13 December, NPM) and maximum increase in the daytime D region H′ by 6.1 km and 7.5 km (14 and 16 December, JJI). The results suggest that the TC caused the neutral densities of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere to lift and sink (bringing the lower ionosphere with it), an effect that may be mediated by gravity waves generated by the TC. The perturbations were observed before the storm was classified as a TC, at a time when it was a tropical depression, suggesting the broader conclusion that severe convective storms, in general, perturb the mesosphere and the stratosphere through which the perturbations propagate.
Changes of snowfall under warming in the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Deng Haijun , Pepin N. C. , Chen Yaning 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSnowfall is a critical part of the hydrological system in high‐altitude regions and strongly impacted by climate change. This study uses a threshold temperature method to estimate spatial and temporal variations of snowfall at 71 stations across the Tibetan Plateau from 1960 to 2014. Regional air temperature and precipitation have increased by 0.039°C/yr, and 1.43 mm/yr, respectively. While warming rates have been fairly uniform across the plateau, spatial variations in snowfall trends are large, with decreases in the eastern and northeastern areas but increases at higher elevations in the center and west. Region‐wide snowfall increased during 1961–1990 and 1971–2000 but decreased in 1981–2010 and 1991–2014. Wintertime snowfall has increased, but summer snowfall has decreased. These divergent trends can be explained because maximum snowfall is recorded at temperatures between 1 and 2°C. Above/below this threshold snowfall usually decreases/increases with increased warming. Although maximum snowfall temperature is a key factor to understand future snowfall changes, concurrent influences such as changing moisture sources and atmospheric circulation patterns require further research.
Size Dependence of Doping by a Vacancy Formation Reaction in Copper Sulfide Nanocrystals
Authors: Elimelech Orian , Liu Jing , Plonka Anna M. , Frenkel Anatoly I. , Banin Uri 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDoping of nanocrystals (NCs) is a key, yet underexplored, approach for tuning of the electronic properties of semiconductors. An important route for doping of NCs is by vacancy formation. The size and concentration dependence of doping was studied in copper(I) sulfide (Cu2S) NCs through a redox reaction with iodine molecules (I2), which formed vacancies accompanied by a localized surface plasmon response. X‐ray spectroscopy and diffraction reveal transformation from Cu2S to Cu‐depleted phases, along with CuI formation. Greater reaction efficiency was observed for larger NCs. This behavior is attributed to interplay of the vacancy formation energy, which decreases for smaller sized NCs, and the growth of CuI on the NC surface, which is favored on well‐defined facets of larger NCs. This doping process allows tuning of the plasmonic properties of a semiconductor across a wide range of plasmonic frequencies by varying the size of NCs and the concentration of iodine. Controlled vacancy doping of NCs may be used to tune and tailor semiconductors for use in optoelectronic applications.
Synthesis, characterization of hydroxyapatite‐lambda carrageenan, and evaluation of its performance for the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous suspension
Authors: Agougui Hassen , Jabli Mahjoub , Majdoub Hatem 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe present work describes the synthesis of hydroxyapatite‐lambda carrageenan CaHAp‐(λ‐Carr) using an aqueous co‐precipitation method. The characterization of the prepared hybrid compounds was achieved using chemical analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and specific surface area. The results gleaned from X‐ray powder analysis proved the presence of (λ‐Carr) and revealed that the increase of its concentration leads to the decrease of the CaHAp crystallinity. Fourier transform Infrared spectra show the presence of (λ‐Carr) and CaHAp characteristic vibrations in the resulting product. Scanning electron microscopy analyses reveal that the morphology of particles was changed by grafting and they are characterized by aggregates of different sizes and irregular shapes. After grafting BET measurements yielded particle specific surface areas ranging from 93 to 260 m2 g−1 depending on the grafted biopolymer. The prepared products were, further, applied for the adsorption of methylene blue (a cationic dye) from aqueous suspension. The adsorption capacity was determined with respect to pH value, the initial dye concentration, time contact, and temperature. The kinetic, thermodynamic, and adsorption isotherm models were assessed for the description of the dye adsorption process. The experimental resulting data show that the prepared hybrid compound CaHAp‐(λ‐Carr) is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45385.
Solution‐state NMR analysis of hydroxymethylated resorcinol cured in the presence of crude milled‐wood lignin from Acer saccharum
Authors: Yelle Daniel J. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTResorcinol‐formaldehyde adhesives can reinforce stress fractures that appear from wood surface preparation. Researchers have found that applying the resorcinol‐formaldehyde prepolymer, hydroxymethylated resorcinol, to the surface of wood improves the bond strength of epoxy and polyurethane adhesives to wood. Hydroxymethylated resorcinol is thought to plasticize lignin components and stabilize stress fractures through reactions with lignin subunits and hemicelluloses in wood. In this study, a dilute solution of hydroxymethylated resorcinol (HMR) is cured in the presence of a crude milled‐wood lignin (cMWL) from Acer saccharum and subsequently dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide‐d6 to delineate reactivity with lignin and O‐acetyl‐(4‐O‐methylglucurono)xylan using solution‐state NMR spectroscopy. 1H–13C single‐bond correlation NMR experiments revealed that the HMR only formed 4,4′‐diarylmethane structures with itself in the presence of the cMWL; the 2‐methylols that formed remained free and did not crosslink with resorcinol. Cured HMR resin formed both 4,4′‐ and 2,4‐diarylmethane structures, confirming that the presence of lignin and O‐acetyl‐(4‐O‐methylglucurono)xylan hinders crosslinking at the C‐2 position. No evidence of reactivity between HMR and lignin subunits was found. New peaks consistent with ester linkages were observed in 13C‐NMR spectra of the cMWL sample treated with HMR that may be attributable to HMR moieties condensing with glucuronic acid substituents. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45398.
A facile approach to fabricate waterborne, nanosized polyaniline‐graft‐(sulfonated polyurethane) as environmental antistatic coating
Authors: Wang Haihua , Sun Liyu , Fei Guiqiang , Fan Jie , Shi Xinyuan 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTWaterborne polyurethane (WPU) has been intensively utilized as host materials for intrinsic conducting polymers. However, the stability and compatibility between polyaniline (PANI) and WPU remain a challenge for their composites. In this research, anionic–nonionic sulfonated waterborne polyurethane (SWPU) is adopted as matrix to prepare nanosized PANI‐g‐SWPU dispersions through chemical graft polymerization method, and the stability mechanism is systematically investigated. The PANI‐g‐SWPU dispersion is endowed with much higher stability and no PANI precipitation is detected after storage for 1 year when the PEG molecular weight is 1000 and R value is 1.2. The surface resistivity reaches the minimum when the graft time is 2.5 h, pH value is 2, n(APS)/n(aniline) is 1, and the aniline content is 20 wt %. And the resistivity of the coated paper reaches 1.39 Ω cm, indicating that the as‐prepared PANI‐g‐SWPU dispersion can be directly used as the antistatic coatings, which is also suitable for large scalable production. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45412.
Pattern separation performance is decreased in patients with early multiple sclerosis
Authors: Planche Vincent , Ruet Aurélie , Charré‐Morin Julie , Deloire Mathilde , Brochet Bruno , Tourdias Thomas 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundHippocampal‐dependent memory impairment is frequent and occurs early during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). While mechanisms responsible for episodic memory dysfunction in patients with MS remain largely unknown, dentate gyrus structure has been suggested as particularly vulnerable at the early stage of the disease. If true, we hypothesized that the pattern separation component of episodic memory (a function known to be critically dependent to dentate gyrus function) would be impaired in patients with early MS (PweMS).MethodsThirty eight participants (19 PweMS and 19 healthy controls matched on age, gender and education level) were tested with a behavioral pattern separation task and also for information processing speed and visuospatial episodic memory.ResultsWe report a significant decrease in pattern separation performance in PweMS compared to healthy controls (27.07 vs. 40.01, p = .030 after Holm–Bonferroni correction, d = 1.02) together with a significantly higher pattern completion rate (56.11 vs. 40.95, p = .004 after Holm–Bonferroni correction, d = 1.07) while no difference was found among groups for information processing speed and “global” visuospatial episodic memory regarding learning, long‐term recall or recognition.ConclusionOur results suggest that behavioral pattern separation task can detect subtle memory decline in patients with MS and argue for early dentate gyrus dysfunction during the course of the disease.
Gefitinib or erlotinib in previously treated non–small‐cell lung cancer patients: a cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Chia‐Hao , Lee Chih‐Hsin , Ko Jen‐Chung , Chang Lih‐Yu , Lee Ming‐Chia , Wang Jann‐Yuan , Yu Chong‐Jen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAmong treatment modalities for lung cancer, the most promising therapy is the use of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs). Both erlotinib and gefitinib, the two first‐generation EGFR‐TKIs, exhibit significant clinical responses for patients with lung adenocarcinoma. However, few studies have compared the effects of these two drugs, and results have been inconclusive because of the small sample sizes in these studies. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate this issue. This retrospective nationwide cohort study enrolled NSCLC patients who received EGFR‐TKIs after previous chemotherapy in Taiwan between 1996 and 2010 from the National Health Insurance Research Database. Clinical response and survival after receiving erlotinib and gefitinib were compared using logistic and Cox regression analyses, respectively. Inverse propensity score weighting and a sensitivity analysis in the EGFR‐TKI responder (clinical improvement by taking EGFR‐TKIs for 90 days), adherent patients (receiving EGFR‐TKI on a daily basis), adenocarcinoma, and adenocarcinoma with second‐line TKIs subgroup were performed for bias adjustment. A total of 7222 patients, including 4592 (63.6%) who received gefitinib, were identified. In the survival analysis, erlotinib was associated with a decline in 1‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio, HR: 1.15 [1.09–1.21]) and overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.10 [1.03–1.18]). The effects of various TKIs were consistent in the 4939 EGFR‐TKI responders, adherent subgroup, adenocarcinoma subgroup, and adenocarcinoma with second‐line TKIs subgroup. In previously treated EGFT‐TKI‐naive NSCLC patients, those receiving gefitinib exhibited a longer PFS and OS than those receiving erlotinib. Additional large‐scale randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm this finding.
Acute pancreatitis in immunocompromised patients: beware of varicella zoster virus primo‐infection
Authors: Picod Adrien , Corre Elise , Maury Eric , Duriez Paul , Hoyeau Nadia , Coppo Paul 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageVaricella zoster virus (VZV) primo‐infection can be severe in the elderly and in immunocompromised patients. Atypical presentations are not uncommon and may mislead the diagnosis and delay adequate treatment. Valacyclovir prophylaxis should be systematically proposed in immunocompromised patients.
Dynamic Kinetic Spiroketalization/Oxa‐Michael Addition Cascade of Alkoxyboronates and Peroxyacetals: Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Benzannulated Spiroketals
Authors: Midya Abhisek , Maity Sanjay , Ghorai Prasanta 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA unified dynamic kinetic spiroketalization/enantioselective oxa‐Michael addition cascade of an aromatic ketone tethered to an alkoxyboronate and an enone moiety has been developed using cinchona alkaloid based amino‐thiourea/squaramide organocatalysts to provide isobenzofuran‐based benzannulated spiroketals with high diastereoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities. Further, a dynamic kinetic peroxy‐hemiacetalization/dynamic kinetic spiroketalization/enantioselective oxa‐Michael addition cascade of the above substrates provides the corresponding exo‐peroxy‐benzannulated spiroketals with outstanding enantio‐ and diastereoselectivities.